bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Septum Resection Prior to In Vitro Fertilization‐Embryo Transfer
Authors: Ouyang Yan , Chen Hui , Gong Fei , Lin Ge , Li Xihong 
Published: November 2022

ObjectivesTo investigate the effectiveness of surgery for septate uterus in infertile patients before in vitro fertilization‐embryo transfer (IVF‐ET).MethodsThe data of 937 infertile patients with septate uterus and achieved singleton pregnancy after IVF‐ET from January 2014 to December 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. Thousand five hundred seventy‐eight infertile patients with a normal uterus who achieved singleton pregnancy during the same period were selected as the control group. Patients with septate uterus were divided into two groups according to whether the septum was resected. The pregnancy and perinatal outcomes of the surgical group and the nonsurgical group were compared with the control group. The secondary infertility patients who were surgically corrected septa were also chosen as self‐controls and an analysis was performed on their fertility outcomes pre‐ and post‐surgery.ResultsCompared with the control group, the surgical group had increased rates of early miscarriage, preterm delivery, and low birthweight and a significantly reduced live birth rate (P < .05). The outcomes of the nonsurgical and control groups were similar. Using secondary infertility patients who were surgically corrected septa as self‐controls, after surgery, the rates of miscarriage and ectopic pregnancy were significantly lower and the live birth rate was significantly higher (P ≤ .001); however, perinatal mortality was not significantly different before and after surgery.ConclusionsPatients with a septum depth greater than 10 mm or 5–10 mm associated with a history of unexplained recurrent miscarriage, IVF failure, or infertility might benefit from resection of the uterine septum with hysteroscopic metroplasty.
Key Points to Select a Device for Dermatologic Ultrasound
Authors: Wortsman Ximena 
Published: November 2022

What points to consider when selecting a device for practicing dermatologic ultrasound is an excellent question. After we met the requisites published in the guidelines for practicing dermatologic ultrasound, it is necessary to consider the main objective of the use because it is not the same to be focused mostly on the avoidance of the puncture of important facial vessels such as the case of injectors of cosmetic fillers in comparison to the use of operators that need to deal with the diagnosis and monitoring of a wide range of dermatologic pathologies. Currently, a broad variety of ultrasound devices meets the minimum requirements for practicing these examinations in the market. Thus, small, portable, and high‐end devices may present advantages and limitations that must be balanced according to the primary purposes and the budget. Moreover, the shape and footprint of the probes can make difficult or facilitate a dermatologic procedure. Other points to consider are the type of storage and the need for technical service. In summary, there are key points that we need to consider when we select a dermatologic ultrasound device in dermatology or aesthetics.
Technical note: Phantom‐based training framework for convolutional neural network CT noise reduction
Authors: Huber Nathan R. , Missert Andrew D. , Gong Hao , Leng Shuai , Yu Lifeng , McCollough Cynthia H. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundDeep artificial neural networks such as convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have been shown to be effective models for reducing noise in CT images while preserving anatomic details. A practical bottleneck for developing CNN‐based denoising models is the procurement of training data consisting of paired examples of high‐noise and low‐noise CT images. Obtaining these paired data are not practical in a clinical setting where the raw projection data is not available. This work outlines a technique to optimize CNN denoising models using methods that are available in a routine clinical setting.PurposeTo demonstrate a phantom‐based training framework for CNN noise reduction that can be efficiently implemented on any CT scanner.MethodsThe phantom‐based training framework uses supervised learning in which training data are synthesized using an image‐based noise insertion technique. Ten patient image series were used for training and validation (9:1) and noise‐only images obtained from anthropomorphic phantom scans. Phantom noise‐only images were superimposed on patient images to imitate low‐dose CT images for use in training. A modified U‐Net architecture was used with mean‐squared‐error and feature reconstruction loss. The training framework was tested for clinically indicated whole‐body‐low‐dose CT images, as well as routine abdomen‐pelvis exams for which projection data was unavailable. Performance was assessed based on root‐mean‐square error, structural similarity, line profiles, and visual assessment.ResultsWhen the CNN was tested on five reserved quarter‐dose whole‐body‐low‐dose CT images, noise was reduced by 75%, root‐mean‐square‐error reduced by 34%, and structural similarity increased by 60%. Visual analysis and line profiles indicated that the method significantly reduced noise while maintaining spatial resolution of anatomic features.ConclusionThe proposed phantom‐based training framework demonstrated strong noise reduction while preserving spatial detail. Because this method is based within the image domain, it can be easily implemented without access to projection data.
PK/PD model‐informed dose selection for oncology phase I expansion: Case study based on PF‐06939999, a PRMT5 inhibitor
Authors: Guo Cen , Liao Kai H. , Li Meng , Wang I‐Ming , Shaik Naveed , Yin Donghua 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe optimal dose for targeted oncology therapeutics is often not the maximum tolerated dose. Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) modeling can be an effective tool to integrate clinical data to help identify the optimal dose. This case study shows the utility of population PK/PD modeling in selecting the recommended dose for expansion (RDE) for the first‐in‐patient (FIP) study of PF‐06939999, a small‐molecule inhibitor of protein arginine methyltransferase 5. In the dose escalation part of the FIP trial (NCT03854227), 28 patients with solid tumors were administered PF‐06939999 at 0.5 mg, 4 mg, 6 mg, or 8 mg once daily (q.d.) or 0.5 mg, 1 mg, 2 mg, 4 mg, or 6 mg twice daily (b.i.d.). Tolerability, safety, PK, PD biomarkers (plasma symmetrical dimethyl‐arginine [SDMA]), and antitumor response were assessed. Semimechanistic population PK/PD modeling analyses were performed to characterize the time‐courses of plasma PF‐06939999 concentrations, plasma SDMA, and platelet counts collected from 28 patients. Platelet counts were evaluated because thrombocytopenia was the treatment‐related adverse event with clinical safety concern. The models adequately described the PK, SDMA, and platelet count profiles both at individual and population levels. Simulations suggested that among a range of dose levels, 6 mg q.d. would yield the optimal balance between achieving the PD target (i.e., 78% reduction in plasma SDMA) and staying below an acceptable probability of developing grade ≥3 thrombocytopenia. As a result, 6 mg q.d. was selected as the RDE. The model‐informed drug development approach informed the rational dose selection for the early clinical development of PF‐06939999.
Role of land‐surface vegetation in the march of Indian monsoon onset isochrones in a coupled model
Authors: Chakraborty Arindam , Samuel Jerry B. , Paleri Anagha 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAlthough the Climate Forecast System version‐2 model simulates an overall dry bias in boreal summer mean rainfall over Indian land, the deficiency is particularly prominent over northwest India. The prevailing dryness limits the interannual prediction skill of the Indian summer monsoon rainfall and its subseasonal variability because of poor representation of latent heating due to weak moist convection and the resulting circulation. Here, we show that land‐surface vegetation plays a crucial role in determining the dry bias in the Climate Forecast System version‐2 model. We replaced the land‐surface model's existing vegetation type over India with that derived from recent satellite‐based observations. The modifications helped improve the seasonal mean rainfall over northwest India by 6%. The improvements are especially noticeable during the monsoon season's onset (14%) and withdrawal (10%) phases. Simulations with modified vegetation advanced the onset dates over Kerala, central India, and northwest India closer to that observed. This improvement in the mean onset dates is most prominent over northwest India. Such an improvement was possible owing to a substantial reduction of long rainfall hiatus after onset over Kerala in the simulation with modified vegetation. The modification makes the spatial orientation of monsoon onset isochrones more realistic. We found that although the vertically integrated moisture flux is eastward over most of the Indian monsoon region during its onset phase, its intraseasonal components are westward. In other words, at the intraseasonal time‐scale, moisture propagates against the prevailing low‐level westerlies. This intraseasonal eddy moisture transport advances onset from the Bay of Bengal toward the far northwest parts of the Indian land. The representation of such intraseasonal moisture seepage in the model updated with satellite‐derived vegetation types was improved. Our study indicates the necessity of greater attention to land‐surface representations for improved predictions of onset dates.
In Situ Reconstruction NiO Octahedral Active Sites for Promoting Electrocatalytic Oxygen Evolution of Nickel Phosphate
Authors: Cao Hongshuai , Qiao Panzhe , Zhong Qilan , Qi Ruijuan , Dang Yijing , Wang Lei , Xu Zhiai , Zhang Wen 
Published: November 2022

AbstractElectrochemical activation strategy is very effective to improve the intrinsic catalytic activity of metal phosphate toward the sluggish oxygen evolution reaction (OER) for water electrolysis. However, it is still challenging to operando trace the activated reconstruction and corresponding electrocatalytic dynamic mechanisms. Herein, a constant voltage activation strategy is adopted to in situ activate Ni2P4O12, in which the break of NiONi bond and dissolution of PO43− groups could optimize the lattice oxygen, thus reconstructing an irreversible amorphous Ni(OH)2 layer with a thickness of 1.5–3.5 nm on the surface of Ni2P4O12. The heterostructure electrocatalyst can afford an excellent OER activity in alkaline media with an overpotential of 216.5 mV at 27.0 mA cm−2. Operando X‐ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy analysis and density functional theory simulations indicate that the heterostructure follows a nonconcerted proton–electron transfer mechanism for OER. This activation strategy demonstrates universality and can be used to the surface reconstruction of other metal phosphates.
Experimental investigation of corrosion effect on bending deflection of shield tunnel segment containing transverse cracks
Authors: Zhang Xiaohui , Yu Shuo , Jin Hao , Bi Xiangli , Zhou Shunhua 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCorrosion of the steel rebar will be generated in the cracked concrete of the shield tunnel during the operation period, which will reduce the bending performance of the tunnel segment. In this study, the effect of the rebar corrosion on the bending deflection of the shield tunnel segment that contains transverse cracks is investigated by experimental tests. The initial transverse cracks of the segment are simulated by a bending load device, and the galvanostatic method is used to simulate the corrosion of the segment rebar. The degradation of the segment bending deflection after the rebar corrosion process is measured and compared with the non‐corroded segment. The results reveal that when the depth of the transverse crack does not exceed the thickness of the protective layer, the corrosion of the rebar has little effect on the bending degradation. However, when the width and depth of the transverse crack reach approximately 1.2 and 210 mm, respectively, the degradation rate of bending deflection begins to increase rapidly.
A CMOS Temperature Sensor with On‐chip Photovoltaic Cells
Authors: Masui Yoshihiro 
Published: November 2022

Energy harvesting technologies are attracting attention because they remove power supply lines and charging. However, energy harvesting has many problems such as small power generation and instability, and low output voltage. As a step toward putting this attractive technology to practical use, I have developed a CMOS temperature sensor with on‐chip photovoltaic cells. The photovoltaic cells achieved an open circuit voltage of 0.97 V, a short‐circuit current of 8.0 μA, and a maximum power generation of 6.5 μW in an area of 800 μm square. Experiments have shown that the prototype CMOS temperature sensor can operate without external power supply. © 2022 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.
Positive Psychology in the Context of Religious Communities
Authors: Wang David C. , McMinn Mark R. , Wood Zachary , Lee Collin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis chapter explores the intersections of positive psychology, religion, and spirituality in the context of religious communities (e.g., churches, synagogues, mosques, and temples). We first argue that positive psychology provides an optimal vehicle for cultivating and demonstrating the mutual benefits of collaboration between psychology and religious communities by supporting adherents’ religiousness/spirituality, virtue development, and holistic well-being within the context of their religious community. Second, we review empirical research on how positive psychology and religion/spirituality interact reciprocally in the context of religious communities. Finally, we discuss implications for ongoing research.
Damping of neutrino oscillations, decoherence and the lengths of neutrino wave packets
Authors: Akhmedov Evgeny , Smirnov Alexei Y. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Spatial separation of the wave packets (WPs) of neutrino mass eigenstates leads to decoherence and damping of neutrino oscillations. Damping can also be caused by finite energy resolution of neutrino detectors or, in the case of experiments with radioactive neutrino sources, by finite width of the emitted neutrino line. We study in detail these two types of damping effects using reactor neutrino experiments and experiments with radioactive 51Cr source as examples. We demonstrate that the effects of decoherence by WP separation can always be incorporated into a modification of the energy resolution function of the detector and so are intimately entangled with it. We estimate for the first time the lengths σx of WPs of reactor neutrinos and neutrinos from a radioactive 51Cr source. The obtained values, σx = (2 × 10−5 − 1.4 × 10−4) cm, are at least six orders of magnitude larger than the currently available experimental lower bounds. We conclude that effects of decoherence by WP separation cannot be probed in reactor and radioactive source experiments.
A comparison between mobile and stationary gas chromatography–mass spectrometry devices for analysis of complex volatile profiles
Authors: Marcillo Andrea , Baca Cabrera Juan C. , Widdig Anja , Birkemeyer Claudia 
Published: November 2022

AbstractOn-site analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) with miniaturized gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) systems is a very rapidly developing field of application. While, on the one hand, major technological advances are improving the availability of these systems on the market, on the other hand, systematic studies to assess the performance of such instruments are still lacking. To fill this gap, we compared three portable GC–MS devices to a state-of-the-art benchtop (stationary) system for analysis of a standard mixture of 18 VOCs. We systematically compared analytical parameters such as the sensitivity and similarity of the signal response pattern and the quality of the obtained mass spectra. We found that the investigated mobile instruments (i) showed different response profiles with a generally lower number of identified analytes. Also, (ii) mass spectral reproducibility (% relative standard deviation (RSD) of the relative abundance of selective fragments) was generally worse in the mobile devices (mean RSD for all targeted fragments ~9.7% vs. ~3.5% in the stationary system). Furthermore, mobile devices (iii) showed a poorer mass spectral similarity to commercial reference library spectra (>20% deviation of fragment ion relative intensity vs. ~10% in the stationary GC–MS), suggesting a less reliable identification of analytes by library search. Indeed, (iv) the performance was better with higher-mass and/or more abundant fragments, which should be considered to improve the results of library searches for substance identification. Finally, (v) the estimation of the signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) in mobile instruments as a measure of sensitivity revealed a significantly lower performance compared to the benchtop lab equipment (with a ratio among medians of ~8 times lower). Overall, our study reveals not only a poor signal-to-noise ratio and poor reproducibility of the data obtained from mobile instruments, but also unfavorable results with respect to a reliable identification of substances when they are applied for complex mixtures of volatiles.
Graphical Abstract
Clinical pitfalls and serological diagnostics of MuSK myasthenia gravis
Authors: Kwon Young Nam , Woodhall Mark , Sung Jung-Joon , Kim Kwang-Kuk , Lim Young-Min , Kim Hyunjin , Kim Jee-Eun , Baek Seol-Hee , Kim Byung-Jo , Park Jin-Sung , Seok Hung Youl , Kim Dae-Seong , Kwon Ohyun , Park Kee Hong , Sohn Eunhee , Bae Jong Seok , Yoon Byung-Nam , Kim Nam-Hee , Ahn Suk-Won , Choi Kyomin , Oh Jeeyoung , Park Hyung Jun , Shin Kyong Jin , Lee Sanggon , Park Jinseok , Kim Seung Hyun , Seok Jung Im , Bae Dae Woong , An Jae Young , Joo In Soo , Choi Seok-Jin , Nam Tai-Seung , Kim Sunyoung , Park Ki-Jong , Kwon Ki-Han , Waters Patrick , Hong Yoon-Ho 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for anti-muscle specific tyrosine kinase (MuSK) antibody (Ab) in a large cohort of anti-acetylcholine receptor (AChR) Ab-negative generalized myasthenia gravis (MG), and also to investigate clinical contexts for the diagnosis of MuSK MG.

Methods
A retrospective study of 160 patients with a clinical suspicion of AChR Ab-negative generalized MG was performed. The serum samples were tested for anti-clustered AChR Ab by cell-based assay (CBA), anti-MuSK Ab by ELISA, CBA and/or radioimmunoprecipitation assay (RIPA). Clinical data were compared between anti-MuSK Ab-positive MG and double seronegative (AChR and MuSK) MG groups.

Results
After excluding non-MG and clustered AChR Ab-positive patients, we identified 89 patients as a cohort of AChR Ab-negative generalized MG. Anti-MuSK Ab was positive by ELISA in 22 (24.7%) patients. While CBA identified five additional anti-MuSK Ab-positive patients, the results of ELISA were mostly consistent with CBA and RIPA with Cohen’s kappa of 0.80 and 0.90, respectively (p < 0.001). The most frequent differential diagnosis was motor neuron disease particularly of bulbar onset which showed remarkably overlapping clinical and electrophysiological features with MuSK MG at presentation.

Conclusion
While confirming the highest sensitivity of CBA for detecting anti-MuSK Ab, our results highlight the clinical pitfalls in making a diagnosis of MuSK MG and may support a diagnostic utility of MuSK-ELISA in clinical practice.
Role of the endothelial reverse mode sodium-calcium exchanger in the dilation of the rat middle cerebral artery during hypoosmotic hyponatremia
Authors: Klapczyńska Katarzyna , Aleksandrowicz Marta , Koźniewska Ewa 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA decrease in serum sodium ion concentration below 135 mmol L−1 is usually accompanied by a decrease in plasma osmolality (hypoosmotic hyponatremia) and leads to the disorder of intracranial homeostasis mainly due to cellular swelling. Recently, using an in vitro model of hypoosmotic hyponatremia, we have found that a decrease in sodium ion concentration in the perfusate to 121 mmol L−1 relaxes the isolated rat middle cerebral artery (MCA). The aim of the present study was to explore the mechanism responsible for this relaxation. Isolated, pressurized, and perfused MCAs placed in a vessel chamber were subjected to a decrease in sodium ion concentration to 121 mmol L−1. Changes in the diameter of the vessels were monitored with a video camera. The removal of the endothelium and inhibition of nitric oxide-dependent signaling or the reverse mode sodium-calcium exchanger (NCX) were used to study the mechanism of the dilation of the vessel during hyponatremia. The dilation of the MCA (19 ± 5%, p < 0.005) in a low-sodium buffer was absent after removal of the endothelium or administration of the inhibitor of the reverse mode of sodium-calcium exchange and was reversed to constriction after the inhibition of nitric oxide (NO)/cGMP signaling. The dilation of the middle cerebral artery of the rat in a 121 mmol L−1 Na+ buffer depends on NO signaling and reverse mode of sodium-calcium exchange. These results suggest that constriction of large cerebral arteries with impaired NO-dependent signaling may be observed in response to hypoosmotic hyponatremia.
Follicular lymphoma and marginal zone lymphoma: how many diseases?
Authors: Laurent Camille , Cook James R. , Yoshino Tadashi , Quintanilla-Martinez Leticia , Jaffe Elaine S. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractFollicular lymphoma (FL) and marginal zone lymphoma (MZL) are indolent mature B-cell neoplasms with variable clinical presentation and distinct histopathologic features. Recent advances in the biology and molecular characteristics of these lymphomas have further expanded our understanding of the heterogeneous nature of these lymphomas, with increasing recognition of specific disease entities within the broader categories of FL and MZL. Here, we discuss the conclusions of the 2022 International Consensus Classification of Mature Lymphoid Neoplasms (2022 ICC) dealing with FL, and review differences with the proposed WHO 5th Edition classification. We review issues related to grading and alternative forms of FL especially those lacking the genetic hallmark of FL, the t(14;18) chromosomal alteration. Among them, t(14;18)-negative CD23+ follicle center lymphoma has been proposed by the 2022 ICC as a provisional entity. Other follicle center–derived lymphomas such as pediatric-type follicular lymphoma, testicular follicular lymphoma, primary cutaneous follicle center lymphoma, and large B-cell lymphoma with IRF4 rearrangement are considered distinct entities separate from conventional FL. Importantly, large B-cell lymphoma with IRF4 rearrangement introduced as a provisional entity in the WHO 2017 is upgraded to a definite entity in the 2022 ICC. We also discuss diagnostic strategies for recognition of MZLs including splenic MZL, extranodal MZL (MALT lymphoma), and primary nodal MZL. The importance of molecular studies in the distinction among marginal zone lymphoma subtypes is emphasized, as well as their value in the differential diagnosis with other B-cell lymphomas.