bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Scoping Review of Health Care Faculty Mentorship Programs in Academia: Implications for Program Design, Implementation, and Outcome Evaluation
Authors: Crites Gerald E. , Ward Wendy L. , Archuleta Penny , Fornari Alice , Hill Sarah E. M. , Westervelt Lauren M. , Raymond Nancy 
Published: October 2022

Introduction:
Formal mentoring programs have direct benefits for academic health care institutions, but it is unclear whether program designs use recommended components and whether outcomes are being captured and evaluated appropriately. The goal of this scoping review is to address these questions.

Methods:
We completed a literature review using a comprehensive search in SCOPUS and PubMed (1998–2019), a direct solicitation for unpublished programs, and hand-searched key references, while targeting mentor programs in the United States, Puerto Rico, and Canada. After three rounds of screening, team members independently reviewed and extracted assigned articles for 40 design data items into a comprehensive database.

Results:
Fifty-eight distinct mentoring programs were represented in the data set. The team members clarified specific mentor roles to assist the analysis. The analysis identified mentoring program characteristics that were properly implemented, including identifying program goals, specifying the target learners, and performing a needs assessment. The analysis also identified areas for improvement, including consistent use of models/frameworks for program design, implementation of mentor preparation, consistent reporting of objective outcomes and career satisfaction outcomes, engagement of program evaluation methods, increasing frequency of reports as programs as they mature, addressing the needs of specific faculty groups (eg, women and minority faculty), and providing analyses of program cost-effectiveness in relation to resource allocation (return on investment).

Conclusion:
The review found that several mentor program design, implementation, outcome, and evaluation components are poorly aligned with recommendations, and content for URM and women faculty members is underrepresented. The review should provide academic leadership information to improve these discrepancies.
When Illness and Loss Hit Close to Home—Do Health Care Providers Learn How to Cope?
Authors: Lee Alex , Niu Bonnie , Balaa Fady , Gawad Nada 
Published: October 2022

Introduction:
Up to 85% of newly qualified physicians report loss or illness in themselves or a loved one. These experiences can intensify feelings of grief in the professional setting, but the range of formal training that addresses personal illness or loss is unknown. This study aimed to explore interventions that teach health care providers and trainees about personal illness experience.

Methods:
A scoping review was conducted by searching three bibliographic databases using the terms “illness,” “personal,” “education,” and synonyms. Article screening was performed in duplicate to identify studies that described an intervention that included teaching or learning on personal experiences with illness or loss for health care providers and trainees.

Results:
The search yielded 4168 studies, of which 13 were included. Education most often targeted medical students (54%), resident or attending physicians (31%), and nurses (31%). Other participants included social workers and psychologists. Personal illness was most frequently taught for reflection in the context of palliative care curricula (54%). Only two studies' primary purpose was to teach about coping with grief related to personal experiences. No studies within the scope of our defined methodology described training on how to support colleagues or trainees facing personal illness or loss. Reported outcomes included improved coping skills, decreased stress, and better ability to support bereaving patients.

Discussion:
Specific training on personal illness experience is limited, with gaps in continuity of learning, particularly for continuing medical education. Future curricula can equip providers with coping strategies while enabling improved resilience and patient care.
Associations of maternal and foetoplacental factors with prehypertension/hypertension in early childhood
Authors: Michael Navin , Sadananthan Suresh Anand , Yuan Wen Lun , Ong Yi Ying , Loy See Ling , Huang Jonathan Y. , Tint Mya-Thway , Padmapriya Natarajan , Choo Jonathan , Ling Lieng Hsi , Kramer Michael S. , Godfrey Keith M. , Gluckman Peter D. , Tan Kok Hian , Eriksson Johan G. , Chong Yap-Seng , Lee Yung Seng , Karnani Neerja , Yap Fabian , Shek Lynette Pei-Chi , Fortier Marielle V. , Moritz Karen M. , Chan Shiao-Yng , Velan S. Sendhil , Wlodek Mary E. 
Published: October 2022

Objective:
To evaluate whether characterization of maternal and foetoplacental factors beyond birthweight can enable early identification of children at risk of developing prehypertension/hypertension.

Methods:
We recruited 693 mother–offspring dyads from the GUSTO prospective mother–offspring cohort. Prehypertension/hypertension at age 6 years was identified using the simplified paediatric threshold of 110/70 mmHg. We evaluated the associations of pregnancy complications (gestational diabetes, excessive/inadequate gestational weight gain, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy), foetal growth deceleration (decline in foetal abdominal circumference at least 0.67 standard deviations between second and third trimesters), high foetoplacental vascular resistance (third trimester umbilical artery systolic-to-diastolic ratio ≥90th centile), preterm birth, small-for-gestational age and neonatal kidney volumes with risk of prehypertension/hypertension at age 6 years, after adjusting for sex, ethnicity, maternal education and prepregnancy BMI.

Results:
Pregnancy complications, small-for-gestational age, preterm birth, and low neonatal kidney volume were not associated with an increased risk of prehypertension/hypertension at age 6 years. In contrast, foetal growth deceleration was associated with a 72% higher risk [risk ratio (RR) = 1.72, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.18–2.52]. High foetoplacental vascular resistance was associated with a 58% higher risk (RR = 1.58, 95% CI 0.96–2.62). Having both these characteristics, relative to having neither, was associated with over two-fold higher risk (RR = 2.55, 95% CI 1.26–5.16). Over 85% of the foetuses with either of these characteristics were born appropriate or large for gestational age.

Conclusion:
Foetal growth deceleration and high foetoplacental vascular resistance may be helpful in prioritizing high-risk children for regular blood pressure monitoring and preventive interventions, across the birthweight spectrum.
Prediction of long-term outcomes by arterial stiffness and pressure wave reflections in patients with acute stroke: the Athens Stroke Registry
Authors: Samara Stamatia , Vemmou Anastasia , Kyrkou Aikaterini , Papamichael Christos , Korompoki Eleni , Ntaios George , Manios Efstathios , Stamatelopoulos Kimon , Protogerou Athanase D. , Vemmos Konstantinos 
Published: October 2022

Background and purpose:
Stroke patients’ management might be improved by addressing the role of aortic stiffness (carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity: cfPWV) and pressure wave reflections (PWRs, augmentation index: AIx) in their pathogenesis and outcome. We tested the hypothesis that cfPWV and AIx, separately and combined, predict long-term outcomes [all-cause mortality, incidence of cardiovascular events, stroke recurrence and disability defined by modified Ranking Scale (mRS) ≥3] in patients with acute stroke, using data from the ‘Athens Stroke Registry’.

Methods:
Data from 552 patients (70% men, age: 66.1 ± 10.4 years, 13.4% deaths from any cause, 21.2% cardiovascular events, 14.1% stroke recurrences and 20.1% poor mRS, mean follow-up 68.4 ± 41.4 months) were analyzed.

Results:
The main findings were that: high aortic stiffness (cfPWV > 13 m/s) alone is an independent predictor of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular (CV) events, but not of stroke recurrence and poor functional outcome; evaluated separately from aortic stiffness, neither low nor high PWRs have any prognostic value; even after multiple adjustments, patients with both high aortic stiffness (cfPWV > 13 m/s) and low PWRs (Aix < 22%) have almost two-fold higher hazard ratio, not only for all-cause mortality and CV events but also for stroke recurrence and poor functional outcome.

Conclusions:
The present study provides evidence about the role of aortic stiffness, PWRs and their combined incremental value in the long-term survival, morbidity, and functional disability after acute stroke.
Two Novel FECH Mutations in a Patient with Erythropoietic Protoporphyria
Authors: Tan Qi , Yang Hui-Fang , Lan Li-Fang , Xie Ling , Lin Ru-Bing , Wan Chun-Lei , Li Long-Nian 
Published: October 2022

Introduction:
Erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP) is a rare photodermatosis mainly caused by deficiency of the enzyme ferrochelatase (FECH). We herein report a case of EPP associated with two novel mutations in FECH.

Case presentation:
A 15-year-old boy experienced pain and pruritus after sunlight exposure. He had occasional claret-red urine, hepatomegaly with increased alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels, and an elevated free erythrocyte protoporphyrin level. He was treated with oral β-carotene and cholestyramine and avoidance of sunlight as much as possible.

Discussion:
Genome sequencing revealed two novel FECH mutations that had been inherited from his healthy parents. Pathogenicity analysis involving prediction using PolyPhen-2, SIFT, and Mutation Taster revealed that the two novel mutations were likely pathogenic. Although the patient’s parents were healthy, they each had one of these two mutations. This finding is consistent with previous reports stating that individuals carrying low-expression alleles can be asymptomatic. The pathogenesis of the disease caused by these two mutations requires verification by larger and more detailed studies.

Conclusion:
Although the precise role of these mutations in EPP is not clear, the findings in the present case expand the genotypic spectrum of the disease.
Using Wet Bulb Globe Temperature and Physiological Equivalent Temperature as Predicative Models of Medical Stress in a Marathon: Analysis of 30 Years of Data From the Twin Cities Marathon
Authors: Schroeder Allison N. , Suriano Zachary J. , Kliethermes Stephanie A. , Asplund Chad A. , Roberts William O. 
Published: October 2022

Objectives
: Assess the relationships between wet bulb globe temperature (WBGT) and physiologic equivalent temperature (PET) at the start of a northern latitude marathon and their associations with medical stress and transfers to the emergency room (ER) when the race environment is unexpectedly warm, and participants are not acclimatized.

Design
: Retrospective review.

Setting
: Twin Cities Marathon from 1990 to 2019.

Participants
: Runners competing in the Twin Cities Marathon.

Independent variables
: Start WBGT (prospectively collected) and PET (retrospectively calculated).

Main Outcome Measures
: Marathon race starters and finishers and race day medical data (eg, medical stress, number of medical encounters, and number of ER visits).

Results
: The mean WBGT was 7.4°C (range −1.7°C to 22.2°C), and the meant PET was 5.2°C (range −16.7°C to 25.9°C). PET was not determined to be a significant predictor of medical stress (P = 0.71); however, a significant quadratic association between WBGT and medical stress was found (P = 0.006). WBGT (P = 0.002), but not PET (P = 0.07), was a significant predictor of the number of ER visits.

Conclusions:
Start WBGT was a better predictor of medical stress and ER visits than PET at the Twin Cities Marathon over a 30-year period. The start WBGT may be a better tool to predict race day environment medical safety.
Communicating with health providers and romantic partners: The impact of negative emotions on quality of life for individuals with hidradenitis suppurativa
Authors: Ingraham Natalie , Hann Lena R. , Williamson J. Austin , Drew Caleb 
Published: October 2022

Background:
Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic, inflammatory, debilitating skin disease that impacts an estimated 1 to 4% of the population; women are twice as likely to be diagnosed as men. There is no cure for HS, and many patients face a lifetime of various healthcare appointments, medical interventions, and personal experiences living with the disease.

Objective:
This study aimed to explore social, emotional, and medical experiences for individuals with HS, and to understand connections between those experiences and quality of life.

Methods:
Participants (n = 243) in the community-based convenience sample completed a cross-sectional survey about their experiences and quality of life and reported high rates of anxiety, embarrassment, and depressed mood. These and other negative emotions were commonly experienced during interactions with healthcare providers and romantic partners.

Results:
Participants who had more negative interactions with providers and partners surrounding their HS tended to experience a lower quality of life.

Limitations:
Limited generalizability due to convenience sampling.

Conclusion:
Providers should consider how patients experience patient -provider communication about HS, and how this communication impacts other areas of patients' lives, including quality of life, mental health, and romantic relationships. Future care approaches should prioritize mental health strategies in HS patients' care plans, and establish partnerships between dermatology practices and mental health professionals to aid in the multidisciplinary approach recommended for the treatment of HS.
Matched Cohort Study of Radiographic Superior Semicircular Canal Dehiscence and Tegmen Dehiscence and Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Authors: Kaufman Adam C. , Cooperman Shayna , Ali Noor-E-Seher , Alyono Jennifer C. 
Published: October 2022

Objective
To report the frequency of radiographic superior semicircular canal dehiscence (SSCD) and tegmen dehiscence in patients with and without obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).

Study Design
Retrospective matched cohort study.

Setting
Tertiary care center.

Patients
Adults with OSA and fine-cut computed tomographic scans including the temporal bone were matched to patients without OSA by age, sex, and type of computed tomography (protocol, scanner type, slice thickness). Ears with otologic surgery or temporal bone tumors were excluded.

Main Outcome Measures
Prevalence of SSCD and tegmen dehiscence assessed by two independent reviewers.

Results
The average body mass index of the OSA patients was 29.2 kg/m2 with an average apnea–hypopnea index of 36.8. The control group had an average body mass index of 26.2 kg/m2. Of the 352 temporal bones, 34 (9.7%) had SSCD in the OSA cohort versus 37 (10.5%) in the control group (p > 0.05). Seven OSA patients (25.6% of those with SSCD) had bilateral SSCD versus 8 controls (27.6% of those with SSCD; p > 0.05). The majority (87.3%) of dehiscences involved the temporal lobe, with the remaining involving the superior petrosal sinus or both. Of the 352 OSA ears, 90 (25.6%) had a tegmen dehiscence versus 95 (27.0%) in the control group (p > 0.05). Neither group had a laterality preference for SSCD or tegmen dehiscence.

Conclusion
The prevalence of radiographic SSCD and tegmen dehiscences in OSA patients does not significantly differ from age- and sex-matched controls. This is in contrast to a previous case–control study finding patients with symptomatic SSCD to have higher rates of OSA. This may suggest that the effect size of OSA on SSCD prevalence may be limited despite OSA being a risk factor for elevated intracranial pressure.
Chronic pain in adults with osteogenesis imperfecta and its relationship to appraisal, coping, and quality of life: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Muñoz Cortés Rubén , Soriano Pastor José Francisco , Monsalve Dolz Vicente 
Published: October 2022

Chronic pain is a common experience in osteogenesis imperfecta (OI). However, there are few studies on this topic, and none of them emerge from psychology as a discipline. The purpose of this work is to describe the frequency of chronic pain and its characteristics in a large sample of adults with OI, as well as its relationship with clinical, sociodemographic, psychological, and quality of life variables.
A cross-sectional study was carried out in a sample of 418 adults with OI who answered a battery of online questionnaires. Sociodemographic and clinical variables, pain parameters, participants’ appraisal of pain, coping strategies, interference in daily activities, and health-related quality of life were evaluated. A descriptive and correlational analysis was performed.
Up to 83% of the sample reported experiencing pain frequently. Both the frequency and intensity of pain were related to the accumulation of fractures over the years (P < .05), but were independent of other variables like the severity of the pathology or the use of bisphosphonates. Higher threat appraisal of pain was associated with an increase in perceived pain intensity and its interference with daily activities, as well as a decrease in physical and mental health (P < .001).
Chronic pain frequent condition in adults with OI, regardless of the severity of the pathology. It interferes with their usual activities and has an impact on their quality of life. The way in which participants appraise their pain also have an influence on its intensity and its consequences. Interventions aimed at training strategies for managing appraisals about pain could potentially improve adaptation to chronic pain.
Primary bronchial schwannoma: A case report
Authors: Aoyama Yosuke , Miyamoto Atsushi , Fujii Takeshi , Fujimori Sakashi , Tamaoka Meiyo , Takai Daiya 
Published: October 2022

Rationale:
Bronchial schwannomas are extremely rare among the benign tracheobronchial tumors and little are known about its epidemiology and optimal clinical management. Here, we report a case of bronchial schwannoma in a young Japanese man and clinical implications about epidemiology, symptom, diagnosis, and treatment of bronchial schwannoma.

Patients concern:
A 37-year-old man visited our department with a nodule incidentally found on his chest radiograph during a routine medical checkup.

Diagnosis:
The tumor was diagnosed as a bronchial schwannoma after pathological evaluation. Microscopically, the tumor consisted of spindle cell proliferation characterized by an alternating highly ordered cellular Antoni A component with occasional nuclear palisading and a loose myxoid Antoni B component. Tumor cells were immunoreactive for S100 but not for smooth muscle actin or KIT.

Interventions:
A video-assisted right middle and lower bilobectomy was performed.

Outcome:
He remains under observation without recurrence.

Lessons:
In our review, many reports have come from Asian countries. Bronchial schwannoma can occur within a wide range of age groups and in both men and women. No difference in incidence was observed between right and left bronchial tree. Bronchial schwannoma is sometimes difficult to differentiate from malignant diseases. We should include bronchial schwannoma as one of the differential diagnoses of primary bronchial tumors.
Long-term traditional Chinese medicine–induced liver cirrhosis
Authors: Chao Hung-Hsiang , Chen Pei-Yu , Hsu Wei-Fan 
Published: October 2022

Rationale:
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), based on ancient medical practices in Chinese societies, is a popular alternative to Western medicine. However, serious harm may occur if TCM is used without caution. TCM-related drug-induced liver injury is not rare in East Asia; however, TCM-induced decompensated liver cirrhosis, confirmed by paired histologic examinations, is.

Patient concerns:
A 60-year-old man with psoriasis for more than 30 years had received TCM for 15 years. The patient presented to the gastrointestinal clinic with hepatitis.

Diagnosis:
The patient underwent detailed history taking and liver biopsy. The patient developed a mixed-type drug-induced liver injury, and other etiologies were excluded.

Interventions:
The patient’s liver injury improved after discontinuation TCM for 5 months. Unfortunately, the patient again sought TCM 1 month later because of recurrent and progressive psoriasis.

Outcomes:
Decompensated cirrhotic symptoms developed 3 months after resuming TCM. The patient underwent living-donor liver transplantation 16 months after initial presentation because of decompensated liver cirrhosis. The patient died 28 days after liver transplantation due to rejection of the transplanted liver.

Lessons:
Discontinuation of the offending agent was the mainstay of treatment. TCM-related drug-induced liver injury is common in East Asia, including Taiwan. Physicians must be cautious about possible medications causing drug-induced liver injury, and patients must obey the order to permanently discontinue any use of the offending medications.
Evaluation of Early Cognitive Functions in Patients With COVID-19 Infection
Authors: Yildirim Gulfem 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In December 2019, some pneumonia cases emerged in Wuhan, China. It was named as Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) by the World Health Organization.
Patients developed anxiety and sleep problems after treatment. Patients with confirmed COVID-19 (n = 57) admitted to our study and whose treatment was completed 3 months ago were included in the study. This is a case-control study, and 22 patients included the control group. We found statistical significance between the average score of Beck anxiety and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (p = 0.03, p = 0.01).
In our study, we investigated the psychological conditions that may occur in the postacute COVID-19 period. We recommend that patients should be directed to appropriate clinics for rehabilitation. Clinicians must be aware that prompt and correct diagnosis with careful management is essential for recovery.
Herpes, Syphilis, and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Coinfection Among Transgender Women in Central Brazil
Authors: Diniz e Silva Bruno Vinícius , Burgo Godoi Alves Juliana , de Oliveira Brunna Rodrigues , Santos Sousa Ana Livia , Margarida Mykaella Cristina Araújo , dos Santos Paulie Marcelly Ribeiro , de Oliveira Bonfim Flávia Freitas , de Paula Vanessa Salete , Villar Livia Melo , Caetano Karla Antonieta Amorim , Teles Sheila Araújo , Carneiro Megmar Aparecida dos Santos 
Published: October 2022

Background
Human herpesvirus 2 (HSV-2) is a major cause of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) worldwide and often occurs synergistically with syphilis, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Transgender women (TGW) are disproportionately affected by STIs. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of HSV-2 monoinfection, and HSV-2, syphilis, and HIV coinfection (triple infection) among TGW in Central Brazil.

Methods
A seroprevalence survey was conducted among TGW in Central Brazil from 2018 to 2019. Participants were recruited using respondent-driven sampling and interviewed about their sociodemographic characteristics and STI risk behaviors, and were tested for antibodies to HSV-2, Treponema pallidum, and HIV. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to identify variables associated with HSV-2 monoinfection and triple infection.

Results
Of the 431 participants, 345 (80%) were positive for HSV-2 antibodies, of whom 36 were HSV-2 immunoglobulin M–positive, and 340 were HSV-2 immunoglobulin G–positive. Human herpesvirus 2 and HIV coinfection, HIV and syphilis coinfection, and triple infection were detected in 38 participants (9.0%), 58 participants (13.8%), and 27 participants (6.4%), respectively. Report of a previous STI was associated with a decreased risk of HSV-2 monoinfection (adjusted odds ratio, 0.39), and an increased risk of triple infection (adjusted odds ratio, 4.4). Participants who reported sex not only with men had a 2.42-fold increased risk of triple infection.

Conclusions
The high prevalence of HSV-2, syphilis, and HIV coinfection among TGW is a cause for concern. Transgender women should be screened for HIV and other STIs. Further studies of risk factors for triple infection among TGW are warranted.