bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The good jobs-high innovation virtuous circle
Authors: Pianta Mario , Reljic Jelena 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe existence of a virtuous circle between industries’ employment quality, their ability to introduce new products, increase labour productivity and pay higher wages is explored in this article, developing an alternative explanation to mainstream views on labour flexibility and lower wages as drivers of competitiveness. Building on a novel conceptual framework relying on evolutionary and institutional perspectives, we develop a simultaneous four-equation model that relates these four dimensions. The model is tested empirically for manufacturing and service industries of major European economies. We empirically identify mutually reinforcing relationships, where higher employment quality (with a lower presence of non-standard work) complements technological activities, leading to more product innovations that increase productivity growth. In turn, the latter allows wage increases that contribute to higher employment quality. These combined moves towards higher-quality labour and higher-quality capital are at the root of what we define as the good jobs-high innovation virtuous circle.
Management of Cyberbullying: A Qualitative Exploratory Case Study of a Nigerian University
Authors: Ifon John C. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCyberbullying problem has become a global concern in universities. In Nigerian universities, the concern appears to be blamed on the lack of cyberbullying prevention and management strategies. The purpose of this qualitative exploratory case study was to explore the policy decision makers’ recommendations for the development of cyberbullying management strategies for the staff and students of a Nigerian university. The three theories used to guide the study were Glasser’s (1998) choice theory, Bandura’s (1986) theory of moral disengagement, and Bronfenbrenner’s (1977) social ecological theory. Data for the study were obtained from three sources: interviews, documents, and archival records of the university. Seven participants, all members of the Committee of Provosts, Deans, and Directors (COPD), were used for the study. The constant comparative method was used to analyze the data. Three major themes emerged as findings in the study: cyberbullying awareness, cyberbullying situation in the university, and the university cyberbullying management policy. These findings may help to make university policy makers aware of the significance of cyberbullying policy in Nigerian universities. The findings may also help to make the university management leadership consider the development of research-based cyberbullying awareness raising training programs and cyberbullying management policy for the staff and students.
Influence of the PHY domain on the ms-photoconversion dynamics of a knotless phytochrome
Authors: Fischer Tobias , Köhler Lisa , Ott Tanja , Song Chen , Wachtveitl Josef , Slavov Chavdar 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe ability of some knotless phytochromes to photoconvert without the PHY domain allows evaluation of the distinct effect of the PHY domain on their photodynamics. Here, we compare the ms dynamics of the single GAF domain (g1) and the GAF-PHY (g1g2) construct of the knotless phytochrome All2699 from cyanobacterium Nostoc punctiforme. While the spectral signatures and occurrence of the intermediates are mostly unchanged by the domain composition, the presence of the PHY domain slows down the early forward and reverse dynamics involving chromophore and protein binding pocket relaxation. We assign this effect to a more restricted binding pocket imprinted by the PHY domain. The photoproduct formation is also slowed down by the presence of the PHY domain but to a lesser extent than the early dynamics. This indicates a rate limiting step within the GAF and not the PHY domain. We further identify a pH dependence of the biphasic photoproduct formation hinting towards a pKa dependent tuning mechanism. Our findings add to the understanding of the role of the individual domains in the photocycle dynamics and provide a basis for engineering of phytochromes towards biotechnological applications.
Graphical abstract
A geometrical framework for quantum incompatibility resources
Authors: Zhang Xiaolin , Qu Rui , Chang Zehong , Quan Quan , Gao Hong , Li Fuli , Zhang Pei 
Published: June 2022

AbstractQuantum incompatibility is a fundamental property in quantum physics and is considered as a resource in quantum information processing tasks. Here, we construct a framework based on the incompatibility witness originated from quantum state discrimination. In this framework, we discuss the geometrical properties of the witnesses with noisy mutually unbiased bases and construct a quantifier of quantum incompatibility associated with geometrical information. Furthermore, we explore the incompatibility of a pair of positive operator valued measurements, which only depends on the information of measurements, and discuss the incompatibility of measurements which can be discriminated by mutually unbiased bases. Finally, if we take a resource-theory perspective, the new-defined quantifier can characterize the resource of incompatibility. This geometrical framework gives the evidence that vectors can be utilized to describe resourceful incompatibility and make a step to explore geometrical features of quantum resources.
Using Real-Time Dashboards to Monitor the Impact of Disruptive Events on Real Estate Market. Case of COVID-19 Pandemic in Australia
Authors: Soundararaj Balamurugan , Pettit Christopher , Lock Oliver 
Published: June 2022

AbstractReal estate markets are complex both in terms of structure and dynamics: they are both influenced by and influence almost all aspects of the economy and are equally vulnerable to the shocks experienced by the broader economy. Therefore, understanding the extent and nature of the impact of large-scale disruptive events such as natural disasters and economic financial downturns on the real estate market is crucial to policy makers and market stakeholders. In addition to anticipating and preparing for long-term effects, it has become imperative for stakeholders to monitor and manage the short-term effects as well due to the emergence of ‘PropTech’ and ‘platform real estate’. In this work, we explore the use of online, real-time dashboards which have been used extensively in the context of urban management, policymaking, citizen engagement and disaster response as an appropriate tool for the purpose of monitoring real estate markets. We describe the process of designing, building, and maintaining an operational dashboard for monitoring the residential real estate market in Australia during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. We detail the techniques and methods used in creating the dashboard and critically evaluate their feasibility and usefulness. Finally, we identify the major challenges in the process, such as the spatial and temporal availability and veracity of the real estate market data, and we identify possible avenues for consistent, high-quality data; methodology; and outputs for further research.
An innervated skin 3D in vitro model for dermatological research
Authors: Rousi Emma , Malheiro Afonso , Harichandan Abhishek , Mohren Ronny , Lourenço Ana Filipa , Mota Carlos , Cillero-Pastor Berta , Wieringa Paul , Moroni Lorenzo 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
A 3D in vitro model of innervated skin would be a useful tool in dermatological research to study the effect of different chemicals and compounds on the sensory properties of skin. Current innervated skin models are limited in composition and often composed of ex vivo skin explants and/or animal-derived material. In this study, our aim was to develop a human innervated skin model with a better biomimicry composition for in vitro research. Fibrin hydrogel and aligned electrospun fibers of poly(ethylene oxide terephthalate)/poly(butylene terephthalate) (PEOT/PBT) were used as a scaffold to generate the 3D in vitro model. The skin component was made of primary human keratinocytes and primary human fibroblasts, while the neuronal component was composed of iPSC-derived sensory neurons. Our results showed that the dermal component consisted of fibroblasts and synthesized collagen. The epidermal component was characterized by the expression of keratins 10 and 14, and involucrin. Finally, sensory neurons extended axons throughout the scaffold and reached the epidermis. Treating the model with a capsaicin solution for 30 min, which was performed as a proof of concept test for sensitization studies, resulted into partial depletion of substance P and tubulin β3. This model could be used for studying skin-neuron interactions and cutaneous toxicity.
An Improved Whale Optimization Algorithm Based on Nonlinear Parameters and Feedback Mechanism
Authors: Sun Guanglei , Shang Youlin , Yuan Kehong , Gao Huimin 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWhale optimization algorithm, as a relatively novel swarm-based intelligence optimization algorithm, has been extensively utilized in numerous scientific and engineering fields. The intent of this work was to devise a modified WOA based on multi-strategy, named MSWOA, to address somewhat deficiencies of the original WOA, such as converging slowly, stagnating at local minima and poor stability. First, a tent map function is adopted to optimize the distribution of the initial population in problem domain. Second, new iteration-based update strategies of convergence factor and inertia weight are constructed to regulate the balance between global and local search capabilities and improve the optimization ability. Additionally, an optimal feedback strategy is presented in the search for prey stage to enhance the global search ability. Numerical experimental results based on 24 test benchmark functions reveal that the proposed MSWOA significantly improves the standard WOA in terms of solution accuracy and convergence speed, and outperforms the comparison algorithms. Furthermore, the results show that the inertia weight strategy has the greatest effect on the performance of basic WOA performance, followed by the convergence factor, and then the optimal feedback strategy.
Mindful, mindless, or misunderstood? A critical perspective of the mindfulness concept
Authors: Kelly B. D. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMindfulness is everywhere, but the term is often used mindlessly. This article discusses the growth of mindfulness-based interventions in many countries over the past fifty years and, more recently, the emergence of the idea of ‘McMindfulness’, with particular emphasis on the concept of ‘spiritual bypassing’. Critical discourse is a valuable resource in any discipline. Proportionate, mindful incorporation of reasoned critiques strengthens mindfulness, rather than undermining it. Misunderstandings and misinterpretations of mindfulness highlight a need to counter the notions that mindfulness involves avoiding difficult issues in our lives or simply accepting social problems that need to be addressed. The opposite is true: mindfulness of reality inevitably generates insights about change. Before we change the world, we need to see it. Mindfulness practice is opting in, not opting out.
Representaciones de “las yucatecas”: Ficciones fundacionales en el periódico peninsular el Museo Yucateco, 1841–1842
Authors: España Paredes Romina A. 
Published: June 2022

ResumenEste artículo tiene como objetivo analizar las representaciones discursivas de “las yucatecas” presentes en el periódico literario el Museo Yucateco (1841–1842), como parte de las ficciones fundacionales de la identidad yucateca que fueron configuradas por la élite criolla de Yucatán, cuanto esta entidad era independiente de la nación mexicana a mediados del siglo XIX. Se observará que esta construcción de la identidad regional se basa en un discurso nacionalista apropiado por la ideología regionalista y que posee en una estructura patriarcal de carácter binario, la cual imagina las identidades políticas de modo iconizado (lo público y lo privado) y modela el poder del sujeto masculino sobre el femenino como parte de su búsqueda de una hegemonía política y simbólica.
“The Fate of the Nation”: Population Politics in a Changing Soviet Union (1964–1991)
Authors: Lovett Jessica 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis article shows how the Soviet government perceived higher birth rates in Central Asia as a threat to national identity and the stability of the USSR. The issue of demographic change was complex, and concerns about differential fertility between republics were not informed solely by prejudice. Rather, prejudice and racism mingled with practical concerns about labor surpluses and shortages. The Central Asian Republics had low labor mobility because people were unwilling to leave their cultural community, had a low level of Russian, and tended to not to be trained in the kind of heavy industries that required workers elsewhere in the Soviet Union. I argue that rather than aiming to change these factors, the government misdiagnosed economic problems as demographic ones. They placed primary emphasis on changing patterns of reproduction to remedy the situation by changing the population itself, portraying Slavs and Central Asians as distinct groups who had a predetermined role and place in life. In doing so, Moscow elites failed to address the structural and operational issues of Soviet socialism and inflamed tensions with local leaders who saw demographic campaigns as an attack on their culture.
The politics of accountability in Supreme Court nominations: voter recall and assessment of senator votes on nominees
Authors: Bass Leeann , Cameron Charles M. , Kastellec Jonathan P. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWhile longstanding theories of political behavior argue that voters do not possess sufficient political knowledge to hold their elected representatives accountable, recent revisionist studies challenge this view, arguing that voters can both follow how their representatives vote and use that information intelligently. We apply the revisionist account to the study of Supreme Court nominations in the modern era. Using survey data on the nominations of Clarence Thomas, Sonia Sotomayor, and Elena Kagan, we ask whether voters can and do hold senators accountable for their votes on Supreme Court nominees. While our results for Thomas are ambiguous, we find strong evidence for accountability in the cases of Sotomayor and Kagan. In particular, we show that voters on average can correctly recall the votes of their senators on these nominees, and that correct recall is correlated with higher levels of education and political knowledge. We then show that voters are more likely to both approve of and vote to re-elect their senator if he or she casts a vote on Sotomayor and Kagan that is in line with voters’ preferences. Finally, we show this effect is quite sizable, as it rivals the effect of agreement on other high-profile roll call votes. These results have important implications for both the broader study of representation and for understanding the current politics of Supreme Court nominations.
Removal of the block to self-fertilization by low-calcium artificial seawater in the ascidian Ciona intestinalis
Authors: Hashimoto Shizuya , Kinjo Keita , Saito Takako , Sawada Hitoshi 
Published: June 2022

SummaryAscidians (Urochordate) are hermaphroditic marine invertebrates that release sperm and eggs to the surrounding seawater. However, several ascidians, including Ciona intestinalis and Halocynthia roretzi, show strict self-sterility due to a self/nonself-recognition mechanism in the interaction between sperm and the vitelline coat (VC) of the eggs. We have previously reported that sperm intracellular Ca2+ level drastically increased immediately after sperm binding to the VC of self eggs but not nonself eggs in C. intestinalis type A, which was potently inhibited by lowering the external Ca2+ concentration, suggesting that sperm Ca2+ influx occurs after sperm self-recognition on the VC. Here, we investigated whether self-sterility was abolished by lowering the external Ca2+ concentration in C. intestinalis. The results showed that the block to self-fertilization was removed by low-Ca2+ (∼1 mM) seawater without decreasing the fertilization rate. Such an effect was not observed with Mg2+ or K+. These results led us to conclude that a low-Ca2+ environment is sufficient to block the self-recognition signal upon fertilization. As low-Ca2+ seawater showed no effect on H. roretzi self-sterility, we propose that the mechanism of self-sterility in Ciona must be distinctive from that in Halocynthia.
Classification of Teleseismic Shear Wave Splitting Measurements: A Convolutional Neural Network Approach
Authors: Zhang Yanwei , Gao Stephen S. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractShear wave splitting (SWS) analysis is widely used to provide critical constraints on crustal and mantle structure and dynamic models. In order to obtain reliable splitting measurements, an essential step is to visually verify all the measurements to reject problematic measurements, a task that is increasingly time consuming due to the exponential increase in the amount of data. In this study, we utilized a convolutional neural network (CNN) based method to automatically select reliable SWS measurements. The CNN was trained by human‐verified teleseismic SWS measurements and tested using synthetic SWS measurements. Application of the trained CNN to broadband seismic data recorded in south central Alaska reveals that CNN classifies 97.0% of human selected measurements as acceptable, and revealed ∼30% additional measurements. To our knowledge, this is the first study to systematically explore the potential of a machine‐learning based technique to assist with SWS analysis.
Vadose Zone Thickness Limits Pore‐Fluid Pressure Rise in a Large, Slow‐Moving Earthflow
Authors: Murphy C. R. , Finnegan N. J. , Oberle F. K. J. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe rate and timing of hydrologically forced landslides is a complex function of precipitation patterns, material properties, topography, and groundwater hydrology. In the simplest form, however, slopes fail when subsurface pore pressure grows large enough to exceed the Mohr‐Coulomb failure criterion. The capacity for pore pressure rise in a landslide is determined in part by the thickness of the unsaturated zone above the water table, which itself is set by weathering patterns that should have predictable patterns across different lithologies. To investigate how this structure affects landslide behavior, we exploit a multi‐year record of precipitation, pore pressure, and velocity from Oak Ridge earthflow, a slow‐moving landslide set in Franciscan mélange, northern California, USA. In conjunction with electrical resistivity tomography and hydraulic conductivity measurements, these data show that Oak Ridge has a thin weathered profile that is comparable in thickness to other mélange landslides in California. We propose that due to the inherently thin vadose zone, mélange landscapes experience an unusually high water table that frequently brings them close to movement; however, the capacity to increase stress is limited by the small amount of dynamic storage available. Instead, excess pore pressure is shed via springs and saturation overland flow once the water table reaches the surface. Linkages between weathering patterns, hydrology, and deformation can explain behavior patterns exhibited by Franciscan mélange earthflows across a large precipitation gradient.
Representing the Dynamic Response of Vegetation to Nitrogen Limitation via Biological Nitrogen Fixation in the CLASSIC Land Model
Authors: Kou‐Giesbrecht Sian , Arora Vivek K. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractDespite its pivotal feedback to carbon cycling, representing the dynamic response of vegetation to nitrogen limitation is a key challenge for simulating the terrestrial carbon sink with land models. Here, we explore a representation of this dynamic response of vegetation to nitrogen limitation with a novel representation of biological nitrogen fixation and nitrogen cycling in the Canadian Land Surface Scheme Including Biogeochemical Cycles. First, we assess how incorporating the dynamic response of vegetation to nitrogen limitation via biological nitrogen fixation influences the response to CO2 and nitrogen fertilization experiments, comparing simulations against observation‐based estimates from meta‐analyses. This evaluates whether the underlying mechanisms are realistically represented. Second, we assess how incorporating the dynamic response of vegetation to nitrogen limitation via biological nitrogen fixation affects simulated terrestrial carbon sequestration over the 20th and early 21st century, examining the effects of global change drivers (CO2, nitrogen deposition, climate, and land‐use change) acting both individually and concurrently. Including nitrogen cycling reduces the terrestrial carbon sink driven by elevated CO2 over the historical period. Representing the dynamic response of vegetation to nitrogen limitation via biological nitrogen fixation increases the estimate of the present‐day terrestrial carbon sink by 0.2 Pg C yr−1 (because elevated CO2 intensifies nitrogen limitation, which drives the upregulation of biological nitrogen fixation, alleviating nitrogen limitation). Our results highlight the importance of the dynamic response of vegetation to nitrogen limitation for realistically projecting the future terrestrial carbon sink under global change with land models.
Alpha Transmitter Signals Observed by the Van Allen Probes: Ducted Versus Nonducted Propagation
Authors: Němec F. , Santolík O. , Hospodarsky G. B. , Kurth W. S. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe interaction of very low frequency transmitter signals with radiation belt electrons depends ultimately on their wave normal angles. In the equatorial interaction region, these can be either low (ducted propagation) or comparatively large (nonducted propagation). Experimentally distinguishing the two modes is complicated, as multicomponent spacecraft data typically do not extend to high enough frequencies with a sufficient frequency resolution. One exception that we exploit are 11.9 kHz signals from Alpha transmitters detectable by the Van Allen Probes spacecraft. We use multicomponent burst mode measurements to distinguish between the ducted and nonducted modes of propagation and to evaluate their relative importance. While the ducted waves are detected less often, they tend to have larger Poynting fluxes. The total power propagating in the two modes is thus comparable. Magnetic local time and in‐situ density fluctuations are main parameters controlling the relative fraction of ducted waves.
Observations of Blue Corona Discharges in Thunderclouds
Authors: Husbjerg Lasse Skaaning , Neubert Torsten , Chanrion Olivier , Dimitriadou Krystallia , Li Dongshuai , Stendel Martin , Kaas Eigil , Østgaard Nikolai , Reglero Victor 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBlue electric streamer discharges in the upper reaches of thunderclouds are observed as flashes of 337.0 nm (blue) with faint or no emissions of 777.4 nm (red). Analyzing 3 years of measurements by the Atmosphere‐Space Interactions Monitor on the International Space Station, we find that their distribution in rise time falls into two categories. One with fast rise times of 30 μs or less that are relatively unaffected by cloud scattering and emanate from within ∼2 km of the cloud tops, and another with longer rise times from deeper within the clouds. 50% of cells generating shallow events are associated with overshooting tops compared to 34% of cells generating deeper events. The median Convective Available Potential Energy of the cells is ∼70% higher for the shallow events and ∼38% higher for the deeper events than for lightning cells, suggesting the discharges are favored by strongly convective environments.