bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Granular and Liquid Insecticide Performance Against Black Cutworm, 1992
Authors: Ostlie K. R. , Luedeman J. , Weiszel J. L. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This trial investigated the performance of granular insecticides at below-label rates applied at planting, rescue applications of liquid insecticides and a nematode (BioVector). Experimental plots were established in continuous corn field with a Waukegan silt loam soil at the Rosemount Agricultural Experiment Station. Plots measuring rows (76-cm row spacing) x 9 m, were arranged in a RCB design with 4 replications. Corn was planted on 20 May at a seeding rate of 64,500 seeds/ha. Granular treatments were applied at planting ahead of the presswheel using modified Noble applicators. Aluminum barriers, each surrounding 4.6 cm of 2 rows and extending 10 cm below and 15 cm above the soil, were installed 8 Jun when corn was just emerging. Corn stand within the barriers averaged 40 plants. On 9 Jun between 6 and 7 p.m. each plot was infested with 60 BCW larvae (50% 4th, 50% 3rd instars). The next morning, between 7-9 a.m., all liquid rescue treatments were applied within the appropriate barrier arenas. Liquid insecticides were applied in 187 liters of water/ha while the nematodes (BioVector) were applied in 750 liters/ha. Wind speed ranged from 0 to 3 km/h, while soil temperatures hovered near 22°C. Plots were examined 3, 6, and 10 d after infestation, injured plants were marked and plant injury was recorded as leaf feeding. Statistical analyses were performed after determining the final fate of each plant.
Insecticide Performance Comparison on No-Till Corn for Black Cutworm Control, 1992
Authors: Weiszel J. L. , Ostlie K. R. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The promotion of conser-vation tillage methods increased interest in performance of rescue insecticides in high crop residue situations where BCW problems are expected to be more prevalent. Experimental plots were established in corn residue on a Waukegan silt loam soil at the Rosemount Agricultural Experiment Station. Plots measuring 4 rows X 9 m, were arranged in a RCB design with 4 replications. Corn was plated no-till into corn residue on 20 May at a seeding rate of 64,500 seeds/ha in 76 cm row width. Granular treatments were applied at planting ahead of the presswheel using modified Noble applicators. Aluminum barriers, each surrounding 4.6 cm of 2 rows and extending 10 cm below and 15 cm above the soil, were installed 8 Jun. Corn stand within the barriers averaged 40 plants. On 9 Jun, each plot was infested with 50 BCW larvae (90% 4th, 6% 3rd, 4% 5th instars). That evening, between 5-6 p.m., 5 liquid rescue treatments were applied within the appropriate barrier arenas. Liquid insecticides were applied in 187 L/ha while the nematodes (BioVector) were applied in 750 L/ha. Wind speed was 1.6-4.8 km/hr, and soil temperature was 22°C. Plant injury counts were taken on 3, 6 and 10 days after infestation.
Evaluation of Selected Insecticide Mixtures Against Late Season Populations of Bollworm, Tobacco Bud-Worm and Beet Armyworm, 1992
Authors: Graves J. B. , Leonard B. R. , Clay P. A. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Cotton was planted on 6 Jul with plots consisting of 4 rows (102 cm centers) x 15 m. Treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block design, replicated 4 times. Applications were made with a high clearance sprayer calibrated to deliver 93.5 liters total spray/ha through Teejet X-12 hollow cone nozzles (2/row) at 2.1 kg/cm2. Insecticide treatments were applied on 8, 11, 18, and 28 Sep against an established population of bollworms and tobacco budworms (primarily tobacco budworms). Efficacy against bollworms and tobacco budworms was determined by examining 25 squares/plot for evidence of feeding damage and the presence of larvae on each of 3 observation dates. Efficacy against beet armyworms was determined by taking 10 sweeps/plot with a standard (38 cm diam) sweep net.
Foliar Insect Control in Dry (Kidney) Bean, 1992
Authors: Noetzel David , Maher Pat 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Plots were established in a commercial field planted on 15 May. Plot size was 4 rows 9.1 m long x 0.75 m wide. Treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block design, replicated 4 times. Pretreatment PLH counts avg 0.7/leaf. Foliar materials were broadcast applied on 8 and 22 Jul. Each application was made using 2 liters total material on 0.00167 ha. Data on stand, yield and moisture were collected and final yields adjusted to a standard moisture.
Apple, Seasonal Control of Codling Moth, 1992
Authors: Brunner Jay F. , Smith L. O. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Lorsban alone or in combination with a wetting agent, Kinetic, was evaluated for control of CM. The test was conducted in an orchard located at the Tree Fruit Research and Extension Center Columbia View plots near Wenatchee. Test trees were 10- to 12-year-old Golden Delicious on a dwarfing root. The orchard was irrigated by under-tree sprinklers on a 14-day schedule. The test consisted of four single tree replicates in randomized completed blocks. Treatments were applied with a handgun sprayer at 400 psi to the point of drip, simulating a dilute spray of approximately 400 gal/acre. Applications were timed to coincide with hatch of CM eggs as predicted by a degree day model. The first application was made on 12 May at 250 degree days following first moth capture in pheromone traps. The second application was made 21 days following the first. The third application was made on 1 Jul, 1250 degree days following capture of the first moth of the year, and the fourth application was made on 21 Jul. Weather during application periods was generally good with little wind and no precipitation. CM pressure in the orchard was high. Mites were sampled in Jun and Jul. Twenty-five leaves were collected from each tree. In the laboratory leaves were processed through a mite brushing machine and each mite species was counted with aid of a dissecting microscope.
Insecticidal and Microbial Control of Lepidopteran Larvae in Minnesota Cabbage, 1992
Authors: Bartels D. W. , Hutchison W. D. , Bolin P. C. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This study was carried out at the University of Minnesota, Agricultural Experiment Station, at Rosemount in cabbage transplanted 11 Jun. Treatments were replicated 4 times and arranged in a randomized complete block design. Each replicate consisted of 2 rows on 91.4 cm (36 inch) centers, measuring 9.14 m (30 ft) in length. All plots were separated by 2.14 m (7 ft) alleys on either side and by 10 ft alleys at each end. All treatments were applied using a Spirit, high-clearance sprayer, with 5 hollow-cone nozzles (TX-10) overlapping the 2 rows, and delivering 27 gal/acre at 45 psi.
Systemic Granulars To Control Mexican Bean Beetle and Atlantic Spider Mite in Soybeans, 1976
Authors: Hofmaster R. N. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
York soybeans were planted May 21' 76 by conventional planters with 36 in row spacing. Treatment plots were replicated 4 times and arranged in a randomized block design. Each plot consisted of a single 30 ft long row with an untreated row adjacent to each treatment plot. All materials were applied with an Almaco V-Belt Nursery Seeder, banded about 1.5-2.0 in from the seed and 2.0 in deep. Mexican bean beetle larvae counts were made on July 7 by selecting 10 plants at random from each plot and counting all the larvae thereon. The effectiveness of the various systemics against the Atlantic spider mite was determined by taking a single leaf from each of 25 plants/plot on July 26 and Aug 7 and recording the number of mites on 1 square inch of leaf surface or by foliage injury ratings. These foliage injury ratings were as follows: 1) No visible signs of mite damage; 2) Some "flecking" of leaves but not enough to interfere with plant growth; 3) Mite injury obvious; possible retardation beginning; 4) Severe mite injury on 50% or more of foliage; plants appear stunted; and 5) 100% of leaves severely damaged. The beans were harvested Nov 4 by cutting the entire 30 ft row and threshing with a stationary plot thresher.
Laboratory Tests of Insecticides on Western Spruce Budworm, 1974 - 1976
Authors: Robertson Jacqueline L. , Boelter Lucille M. , Gillette Nancy L. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Topical application tests of the contact toxicity of 25 insecticide formulations were conducted on last stage western spruce budworm. Insects were selected from the 50th to 60th generations of a non-diapausing laboratory colony. Five concentrations serially diluted from a freshly formulated concentrate were used in each of 3 replications for each insecticide. Treatment was performed with an ISCO model M microapplicator equipped with a 1/4-cc tuberculin syringe. A dose rate of 1 ul/100 mg body weight was used to apply the insecticides to the thoracic dorsa of C02-anesthetized insects weighing 70-110 mg. Mexacarbate was used as a standard for comparison.
Douglas-Fir Tussock Moth Control on Douglas-Fir, 1976
Authors: Hard John S. , Ward James D. , llnytzky Steven 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The test was done on epidemic Douglas-fir tussock moth populations near Kamloops, B.C. Dimilin was applied in a randomized block design by using a conventional boom and nozzle system on fixed-wing aircraft with 22 evenly-spaced tee-Jet nozzles and no. 8010 flat fan spray tips. A mixture of 90% water and 10% ethylene glycol served as carrier. The formulation was sprayed at the rate of 1 gal/acre at 110 mph and 40 psi. The 12 plots ranged in size from 50 to 81 acres and in elevation from 2300 to 2900 ft . Treatments were replicated 3 times and each was applied on June 13, 17, and 18 after complete egg hatch and larval dispersal. Orgyia pseudotsugata larvae were counted on 2 mid crown branch samples from 25 trees in each plot on the day before spray, and 7, 14, 2 1 , 28, and 35 days after spraying. Data were transformed to larvae/1000 in2 of Douglas-fir foliage and subjected to analysis of variance and analysis of covariance.
Citrus Mealybug Control on Coleus in The Greenhouse, 1976
Authors: Schuder Donald L. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
On June 21'76 a control study for the citrus mealybug was set up at the Indiana Veteran's Home Greenhouse. Heavily infested pots of Coleus 10-12” in height were utilized. One pot per treatment. The five materials and rates were applied with a 1 gal B&G stainless steel sprayer operating at 30 p.s.i. Each plant was sprayed to the point of drip. The experiment was replicated five times. Counts of adults, nymphs and egg masses/plant were made at the time of treatment, 24, 48, 72 hours, seven and fourteen days post treatment.
Red Imported Fire Ant Control With GRANULAR DIAZINON, MISSISSIPPI, 1972
Authors: Markin George P. , Collins H. L. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Granular diazinon (Spectracide, 2% Al , and Diazinon 14G, 14% Al) was used in field tests of two methods of application against the red imported fire ant in improved Bahia grass pastures in Hancock County, Mississippi. Broadcast applications were made with a tractor mounted granular applicator, applying the materials at the rate of 2.5, 5, and 10 lb a . i . / a c r e . Individual mound treatments were made by opening each mound in the treatment plot with a shovel, introducing 1.5 to 2.5 oz of granular material and mixing with the soil of the mound. The exact amount of material added per mound was determined by the number of mounds per acre and varied per plot so that the total amount of active material used on each plot was 0.25 or 0.5 lb/acre. Treatments were compared with untreated check plots. Each treatment was · replicated two times. Plots were 1 acre square and contained 24 to 64 live colonies. Mortality counts were restricted to the 1/2 acre in the center of each plot, the remaining area was left as a buffer to prevent reinfestation from outside the treated area. The treatments were made in Aug 1972. Percent control was determined by comparing the number of living colonies in the plots 1 week before treatment with the number of surviving colonies in the plot at 4 intervals after the treatment.
Lice Control on Beef Cattle, 1976
Authors: Lloyd John E. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Single treatments were administered to cows and heifer and steer calves between January 30 and February 4'76. The “spot-on” was applied with a syringe on the top line, posterior to the withers. The injectable was placed intramuscularly in the rump. Ten animals from each treated group were inspected for lice, except when fewer than 10 head were available. Lice inspection areas were the entire head and three 6-in hair parts in the brisket, neck, backline and rump-tailhead. Viable lice were determined post treatment by microscopic examination. Large numbers of lice on the back and rump (= hind portion) were predominantly B. bovis. Those present in large numbers on the head, neck and brisket (= front) were S. capillatus. L. vituli were chiefly on tfie front of the animals but usually were less than 10/inspection area.
Stirofos Feed Additive For House Fly and Stable Fly Control in Horse Feces, 1976
Authors: Bay D. E. , Skiles Peggy S. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Five mature horses, averaging ca 272 kg, were preconditioned for 7 days prior to administration daily of 8.8 g/animal of a 7.76% Stirofos (Rabon) premix (Code SD 8447 10-37-68-1 PMH) in a commercial preparation of horse and mule feed containing ground corn, bran, alfalfa pellets, and molasses. Treatment was initiated August 10 and terminated August 23, 1976. Prairie hay and water were fed adlibitum. Three additional animals served as controls. All animals were maintained as a group except during 24-hr manure collection periods on treatment days 7 and 14 at which time they were individually isolated in concrete floored pens to minimize manure contamination with dirt ana/or litter. Sufficient distilled water was added to each 24-hr collection to approximate 80% moisture content. Twenty-five newly hatched 1st instar house fly and stable fly larvae of a susceptible strain were transferred to 200-g a liquors of respective samples. Three replicates of each sample were performed. Samples were held at 27°C and monitored for adult emergence.
Apple, Summer Mite Control, 1976
Authors: Forsythe H. Y. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Test materials were applied to apple trees at Monmouth, Maine, as dilute sprays with a hand gun from a hydraulic sprayer operating at 300 psi. In Test 1, 26-year-old trees were sprayed at a rate of ca 250 gal per acre; in Tests 2, 3, and 4, 11-year-old apple trees were treated at 500 gal per acre. Spray dates were June 22 and 29 (Test 1), July 7 and 14 (Test 2), July 23 and August 2 (Test 3), and July 29 and August 5 (Test 4); each material was applied on both dates for the respective tests. The fungicide and insecticide program during the course of these acaricide tests consisted of captan 80W (0.6 - 1.25 lb/100 gal) on 6 dates, Epsom salts (15 lb) and Marlate 50W (3 lb) on June 24, Sevin 80W (1.25 lb) on July 8, 22, August 6 and 12, and Polyram 80W (1 lb) and Cygon 2.67EC (1.5 pt) on July 26 and August 5. There were no tank-mixtures of acaricides with other pesticides. There were 4 single-tree replications per treatment. A randomized complete block design was utilized with 1 Red Delicious (RD) and 3 Golden Delicious (GD) cultivars per treatment in Test 1, 4 RD per treatment in Test 2, 2 Cortland and 2 Early Mcintosh per treatment in Test 3, and 2 Mcintosh and 2 GD per treatment in Test 4 . From each tree, 25 leaves were collected mostly at chest-height around the periphery of the tree, brought into the laboratory, and brushed onto glass plates coated with a Tween 20-alcohol mixture; mites were counted the same day. Mite population pressure was not very severe. At the pre-spray date, egg populations ranged from 2-13 eggs/leaf (Tests 1 and 2) or from 20-35 eggs/leaf (Tests 3 and 4). There was abundant rainfall from mid-June through mid-August.
Pear, Pear Psylla Seasonal Control, 1976
Authors: Reissig Harvey , Dunham D. H. , Hebding Harold E. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Seven seasonal insecticide programs were applied with a Myers speed sprayer to 2 pear blocks containing Bartlett, Bosc, Gorham, and Clapp Favorite cultivars. Each program except that evaluating MO 9087 which was replicated only once, was replicated 3 times. All plots were ca 1 acre and arranged in a randomized complete block design. Sprays were applied on March 29, April 9, April 29, May 24, June 30, July 20 and August 9. All were dilute (IX) except the petal fall spray on May 24 which was applied 3X. Nymphs were sampled on May 17, June 29, and July 26 by putting 10 spurs from each of 4 trees/replication into a Berlese funnel. Adults were sampled by searching for 2 minutes on 4 trees in each plot on August 9 before the final spray application.
Potato Psyllid Control with Synthetic Pyrethroids, 1976
Authors: Gerhardt Paul D. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Potato seed pieces were planted February 24, 1976 in Laveen clay loam on 34 inch row spacing using a John Deere 2-row planter. Plots were 25 feet long, 4 rows wide and replicated 4 times in a randomized plot design. Treatments were applied as foliar sprays using a 2 gallon CO2 pressurized hand sprayer and a lightweight 2-nozzle boom operated at 50-55 psi. PsyHis nymphs and adults were counted at weekly intervals beginning on April 6 on 25 selected leaves from each plot. A moderate population of psyllids occurred in the plots but became quite heavy in the check plots the latter part of the season. Potatoes were harvested June 8 and 10 with a one row potato digger. They were then graded according to U. S. standards and grades and yields for each plot and treatment recorded.
Green Peach Aphid and Potato Aphid Control on Muck Soil-Grown Potatoes By Soil-Applied Systemic Insecticides, Elba, New York, 1976
Authors: Tingey W. M. , Stone K. W. , Bergman J. M. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
'Katahdin' potatoes were planted May 27, 1976 in Elba muck soil at a spacing of 9 to 12 inches within the row. Individual plots were 1 row wide and 30 ft in length with 34 inch row spacing. Experimental design was randomized complete block with 4 replications. Fertilization consisted of 1000 lbs/A of 15-15-15 pre-planting broadcast. Herbicide and fungicide practices were those in standard commercial use. Granules were applied to the seed furrow at planting using a Craftsman cone seeder. Furrow sprays were applied over the seed in the furrow at planting using a CO2 back-pack sprayer at 60 gal/A and 40 psi. Plots were not irrigated; rainfall (inches) during the growing period was: June (3.0), July (4.9), August (1.9) - Total (9.8). Aphid collection was by the leaf sample method; 1 fully-expanded compound leaf was taken from the upper 1/2 and lower 1/2 of each of 10, randomly-selected plants/plot.
Northern Corn Rootworm Larval Control By Recommended Insecticides in Ohio, 1976
Authors: Szatmari-Goodman Gary , Treece R. E. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Field corn, variety Pioneer 3773, was planted at New Pittsburg (Wayne County) Ohio, on April 30'76. Five recommended soil insecticides were applied in a 7-inch band in front of the presswheel at time of planting. Granular insecticides were applied with electric Gandy insecticide boxes mounted over each planter presswheel. The liquid formulation was applied at 26 psi in ca 10 gallons of water/acre. Applications were made at a tractor ground speed of 3 mph. A randomized complete block design was used. Plots were 2 rows wide (38 in spacing), 40 ft long, with 25 ft alleyways between each of four replications. Soil type was silt loam. Rainfall during May was 1/2 normal with June normal and July slightly below normal. Soil temperature (4 inch depth) at planting was ca 11°C. Larval damage was assessed on August 2 by digging and washing 24 root systems from each treatment (6 roots/plot × 4 reps) and evaluating each root system on the standard 1-6 rating scale where 1 = little or no damage and 6 = three or more nodes of roots destroyed.
Relation of Systemic Insecticidal Treatments For Control of Aphids To Control of Barley Yellow Dwarf
Authors: Reed H. E. , Chambers A. Y. , Lentz G. L. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In a field test at Jackson, Tennessee, 5 systemic insecticides were tested in 15 treatments to determine the effectiveness of aphid control on development and severity of barley yellow dwarf. Seedling date was September 30'75. Four replications of each treatment were made using a randomized complete block design. Each plot consisted of 5, 20 ft rows 7.5 inches apart wifh 2 ft between plots. Insecticides were applied either as a single treatment at planting time (AP), as a split-treatment (SP) one lb at planting and one lb 30 days later, or as a single treatment at emergence (AE).
Red-Necked Peanutworm Control in Dryland Peanuts, Oklahoma, 1976
Authors: Berberet R. C. , Wall R. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Peanuts 'Spanhoma' were planted on June 4 with 36 inch row spacing using a 4 row planter. A preplant application of Balan was incorporated for weed control- Insecticides were applied September 6. Treatments were replicated 4 times on 4 row × 50 ft plots on light sandy soil. Insecticides were applied over the row with 2 nozzles with a total volume of 20 gal/acre. Dithane M-45 and Terraclor were used to control foliar diseases and soil fungi, respectively. Samples consisted of 25 terminals/plot collected randomly from the center 2 rows of each plot. Terminals were checked in the laboratory to find the total number of live larvae present. This number was then converted to the number of larvae/ft of row.
Rice Bug Control, 1975
Authors: Heinrichs E. A. , Ocampo P. D. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Field collected rice bug adults were placed on 50 day old plants treated with 12.5 ml of a 0.06% foliar spray. Each insecticide was replicated 4 times and each replicate consisted of 10 insects. The rice bugs were placed on the plants one hr (1 HT) and 7 days (7 DT) after treatment. Mortality counts were taken at 48 hours after placing the insects on the plant.
Apple, Early Mite Control, 1979
Authors: Forsythe H. Y. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Test materials were applied to 14-yr-old apple trees at Monmouth, Maine, as dilute sprays with a handgun from a hydraulic sprayer operating at 100 psi at a rate of ca. 500 gal/A. Spray dates were Jun 2-3 (petal fall) and Jun 14 (first cover) all materials were applied on both dates except for RO 12-0470 in Test 1 which was applied on Jun 3 and Jul 13. The standard pesticide program (rate are per 100 gal) during the course of this test consisted of captan 80W (1 to 1.25 lb) on 6 dates; Epsom salts (15 lb) on Jun 1, 7, and 19; Solubor (1 lb) on Jun 1; Sevin 80W (5 oz) on Jun 15; Marlate 50W (3 lb) on Jun 19; and Imidan 50W (1 lb) on Jul 2, 18, and 30. There were no tank-mixtures of acaricides with other pesticides. There were 4 single-tree replications per treatment. A randomized complete block design was utilized with 4 Red Delicious culfivars per treatment in Test 1 and 2 Cortland plus 2 Golden Delicious per treatment in Test 2. From each tree 25 leaves were collected mostly at chest-height around the periphery of the tree, brought into the laboratory, and the mites brushed onto glass plates coated with a Tween 20-alcohol mixture; mites were counted the same day. Mite population pressure was severe in late Jul. June and July were hot and dry except for heavy rains on Jul 1, 16, and 17.