bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of three coagulins as MMP inhibitors from Withania coagulans Dunal fruits
Authors: V. Jaiwal Bhimrao , K. Shaikh Faiyaz , B. Patil Ajit , L. S. Hallur Raghavendra 
Published: November 2022

Introduction and Aim: W. coagulans Dunal has been reported to contain an array of bioactive compounds. The present investigation was carried out to investigate MMP inhibitory molecules from W. coagulans Dunal fruit.

Materials and Methods: Isolation of active principle compounds and anti-ChC activity from methanol extract of W. coagulans Dunal fruit were carried out using chromatographic techniques and dot-blot assay on X-ray film. Active principle compounds were identified by ESI MS, 1H, and 13C NMR spectroscopy. The Bioefficacy of compounds was assessed by in vitro solution assay and gelatin zymography.

Results: Dot blot assay of methanol extract of W. coagulans Dunal fruit exhibited inhibitory activity against ChC (Clostridium histolyticum collagenase). Bioactivity assay guided chromatographic fractionation revealed the presence of five compounds out of which three were tentatively identified as Coagulin-H, Coagulin-L, and Coagulin-O by ESI MS, 1H, and 13C NMR spectroscopy. In vitro solution assay revealed Coagulin-H exhibits the highest MMP-2 and MMP-9 inhibitory activity. Coagulin-L and Coagulin-O exhibit 80.57 ± 2.1 % and 70.96 ± 2.8 % inhibitor activities against MMP-2 and 78.94 ± 3.6% and 63.15 ± 3.8% inhibitor activities against MMP-9 at 150 µg/ml respectively. In gel inhibition assay by gelatin zymography revealed that crude extracted residue of fruit exhibits dose-dependent inhibitory potential against MMPs of NIH3T3 fibroblast and HeLa cervical cells.

Conclusion: Our results advocate the anti-MMP potential of purified Coagulin-H, Coagulin-L, and Coagulin-O of W. coagulans Dunal fruits. These bioactive principles could be further investigated in detail for anti-cancer properties.
Cytotoxic effect of cloned EGFP gene on NCI-H727 cell line via genetically engineered gene transfer system
Authors: Muhi Rasoul Lubna , Ali Marhoon Abeer , Fadhel Abbas Albaayit Shaymaa , Waleed Ali Rusul , Hadi Saleh Tahreer , Abdullah Laftah Al-Rubaii Bahaa 
Published: November 2022

Introduction and Aim: Cancers are a complex group of genetic illnesses that develop through multistep, mutagenic processes which can invade or spread throughout the body. Recent advances in cancer treatment involve oncolytic viruses to infect and destroy cancer cells. The Newcastle disease virus (NDV), an oncolytic virus has shown to have anti-cancer effects either directly by lysing cancer cells or indirectly by activating the immune system. The green fluorescent protein (GFP) has been widely used in studying the anti-tumor activity of oncolytic viruses. This study aimed to study the anticancer effect of a recombinant rNDV-GFP clone on NCI-H727 lung carcinoma cell line in vitro.

Materials and Methods: The GFP gene was inserted to a NDV strain to create a recombinant NDV (rNDV- GFP) using reverse genetics technology. The MTT assay was used in evaluating the oncolytic effect of rNDV- GFP on the lung carcinoma NCI-H727 cells. Light and fluorescent microscopy was used to study the cytopathic effects of rNDV-GFP.

Results: MTT assay showed that rNDV-GPF inhibited the NCI-H727 tumor cell death in a time-dependent manner. A significant inhibitory effect (78.3%) for rNDV-GPF on cancer cells was observed at 96h in comparison to rNDV (22.7%) and the cytotoxicity rate was directly proportional to the MOI used. Microscopic studies showed rNDV-GPF to induce cytopathic effect post 24 h of infection.

Conclusion: The GFP-expressing recombinant NDV strains exhibited encouraging results in terms of tumor growth inhibition. Our research set the groundwork for employing recombinant NDV as an anticancer viral vector.
A study of scrub typhus in a medical college hospital in West Bengal, India
Authors: Mondal Tapati , Sarkar Abhik , Rahaman Julius , Das Gupta Subhayan 
Published: November 2022

Introduction and Aim: Scrub typhus is one of the leading causes of acute unexplained fever in children. The objective of this study was to determine the serological evidence of scrub typhus and associated clinical features in febrile children.

Materials and Methods: This retrospective observational study was performed for a duration of 21 months. Children aged below 12 years, admitted with unexplained fever and other clinical features suggestive of scrub typhus and tested for IgM against scrub typhus were included in our study. A detailed history, clinical profile and sero-prevalence of the children were analysed from record files.

Results: Four hundred and seventy one clinically suspected patients of below 12 years were tested for scrub typhus. Out of 471, 172 children were scrub typhus positive. Maximum number of positive cases were detected between the month of August and November. Fever was present in all patients. Nausea and vomiting, abdominal pain, cough, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, rash, convulsion and jaundice were other presenting clinical features. Eschar was observed only in 2.91% cases.

Conclusion: Scrub typhus is to be suspected in every children present with unexplained fever. Early diagnosis and early initiation of specific therapy is crucial for favourable outcome.
Online learning during COVID-19 pandemic –Medical students’ perception
Authors: M. Bhat Bhagyajyothi , P. Khadilkar Niranjan , B.V. Mamatha , P. Keerthana , Shreya Crasta Preeval , D’Souza Vivian 
Published: November 2022

Introduction and Aim: A sudden shift of medical education from physical class teaching to online teaching during the COVID-19 pandemic created concern in both the students and teachers. The aim of the study is to evaluate the perception of medical students towards online learning during COVID-19 pandemic lockdown.

Materials and Methods: This observational study included all the MBBS students of our institution. The study was conducted after obtaining ethical clearance from the Institutional Ethics Committee. A validated questionnaire was used to collect the information. The data was analysed using the statistical software SPSS-28. Demographic variables were expressed in terms of frequencies and percentages. Data was analysed using Chi square test and Mann Whitney U test. P-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results: Five hundred sixty-five students of both genders out of total 600 (94%) participated. 54.3% experienced online classes for the first time and 48.1% studied online for 3-6 hrs. They liked recorded MP4 videos of their own teachers. Majority felt that online classes should be more interactive. They did not want the online classes to continue after the pandemic and opined that online classes cannot replace classroom teaching. Majority agreed that online learning saved time of travel, saves cost, was flexible but practical knowledge and interaction with teachers and patients was lacking. They experienced additional stress and their examination results are affected.

Conclusion: Online learning is a less effective mode for learning practical skills and may be used as a supplementary mode to teach a few elective topics.
Screening of B-cell epitopes of Der-p1 and Der-p2 major aeroallergens by computational approach for designing immunotherapeutics
Authors: Reddy  S. V. Varsha , Mudnakudu-Nagaraju Kiran Kumar 
Published: November 2022

Introduction and Aim: Allergic diseases are IgE-mediated hypersensitivity reactions affecting approximately 30% of the general population globally. Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der-p) is the most prevalent house dust mite (HDM) species consisting of 23 mite allergen groups. Among these, group 1 and 2 are major allergenic proteins, which causes allergic asthma in 80% of sensitized individuals, with elevated IgE titres in the serum. This study involves in silico analysis of potential B-cell epitopes of group 1 and group 2 of Der-p, which can be utilized in designing immunotherapeutic vaccines.

Materials and Methods: Allergen sequences obtained from the database- International Union of Immunological Societies (IUIS), for predicting of B-cell epitopes. The physiochemical properties and secondary structures of the obtained sequence were evaluated. The sequences were further subjected to determining antigenicity, surface accessibility, and prediction of linear and discontinuous B-cell epitope by utilizing IEDB tools.

Results: The linear and discontinuous B-cell epitopes of Der-p1 and Der-p2 aeroallergen were predicted. Further, Der-p1 and Der-p2 showed 6 linear epitopes each respectively. Conformational epitopes predicted were 123 of Der-p1 and 72 of Der-p2 respectively, by the ElliPro tool. Based on the structure, antigenicity, and surface accessibility, only 10% of Der-p1 and Der-p2 which binds to B-cell epitopes are linear and the majority are discontinuous.

Conclusion: The linear and conformational epitopes of Der-p1 and Der-p2 are predicted using in silico tools. These identified epitopes might be useful for developing epitope-based immunotherapeutics for HDM allergy.
A discussion on methodology for researching soviet literary space (Concluding discussion of the conference “Literary Field Under the Communist Regime: Structure, Functions, Illusio,” October 7–9, 2015.
Authors: Kelertas Violeta 
Published: November 2022

A discussion on methodology for researching soviet literary space (Concluding discussion of the conference “Literary Field Under the Communist Regime: Structure, Functions, Illusio,” October 7–9, 2015. Moderated by Prof. Violeta Kelertas, with the participation of Prof. Marina Balina, Prof. Katerina Clark, Dr. Violeta Davoliūtė, Prof. Evgeny Dobrenko, Prof. Wolfgang Emmerich, Dr. Vilius Ivanauskas, Prof. Aušra Jurgutienė, Dr. Mindaugas Kvietkauskas, Dr. Dalia Satkauskytė).
Simonas Daukantas in Interwar Reflections
Authors: Lazauskaitė Rūta 
Published: November 2022

The interwar memory of Daukantas is closely connected with teachers. They raised the issue of republishing of his texts, popularized the practice of visiting Daukantas‘s grave, and took care of his monument. Another noninstitutional initiative that provided a momentum for all interwar studies on Daukantas and his works was the publication of his historical work, Būdas senovės lietuvių, kalnėnų ir žemaičių [The Character of Ancient Lithuanians, Highlanders and Samogitians]. Provincial teacher Petras Sūdžius wrote a popular biography about Daukantas and created a network of people who wanted to pre-order the book. In 1935, the third edition of the Būdas was published. The lack of academic biography about Daukantas, which led to amateurism and variety in interpretations, was another trend of that period. Due to the absence of information and research, the noble origin of Daukantas was considered to be fake (falsified). Contrary to the Soviet historiography, the image of Daukantas was not secularized then. A 1936 Juozas Ambrazevičius‘s interpretation of Daukantas stood out in the methodological sense. Using the point of view of the history of ideas, he revealed the significance of Daukantas‘s ideas for the formation of national consciousness and their subsequent acceptance by the society. Ambrazevičius also argued that Daukantas‘s psychologized view was instrumental in the secession of Lithuanians from the tradition of the twonation, Polish and Lithuanian, state as a procedural mental change which was natural and necessary psychologically.
A Literary Gallery of Images of 20th-Century Totalitarianism and 21st-Century (E)migration
Authors: Butkus Vigmantas 
Published: November 2022

Zanda Gūtmane, Totalitārisma traumu izpausmes Baltijas prozā, Sērija: Salīdzināmā literatūra (Baltijas literatūra), Rīga: Latvijas Universitātes Literatūras, folkloras un mākslas institūts, [2019], 591 p., ISBN 978-9984-893-41-9.
Laura Laurušaitė, Literatūra, mobilumas, imago: Lietuvių ir latvių XXI a. (e)migracijos patirtys, Vilnius: Lietuvių literatūros ir tautosakos institutas, 2019, 321 p.,ISBN 978-609-425-257-0
Virtual Dialog with Maurice Merleau-Ponty. Examining the Traditional Culture in Terms of Perception
Authors: Šmitienė Giedrė 
Published: November 2022

The article stems from a mute and pre-theoretical conviction that an obscure concept of the flesh of the world, introduced by Maurice Merleau-Ponty, can be clarified by the traditional rural lifeworld. on the other hand, it is supposed that the concept of the flesh of the world can help revealing the life-style of the folk. The examination of the traditional culture in the article concentrates on the field research carried out in the lithuanian village. one woman’s way of life and her manner of speech are explored in depth till the common structures of the lived tradition are disclosed.
The woman’s relations with plants, animals and things, examined in terms of contents of her speech, but also and even more so – in terms of its style, allow exposing the certain manner of perception that is called in the article diakinaisthetic. in the diakinaisthetic seeing the seer does not objectify what is seen – rather, the seer and the seen come into mutual, reciprocal contact. The perceiver cannot clearly distinguish herself / himself from the perceived as she / he is weaved into the texture of the flesh of the world through the flow of perception. in the field of perception the propensity to mimetism of the traditional rural culture as well as comparisons and parallelisms that abound in the pertinent speech are explained.
August Schleicher as the First Publisher of Lithuanian Folktales
Authors: Šlekonytė Jūratė 
Published: November 2022

The article focuses on the Lithuanian cultural activities of the famous German linguist August Schleicher (1821–1868). These activities included not only accumulation of linguistic data and writing of a Lithuanian grammar, but also recording and publication of the Lithuanian folklore. Schleicher edited the particularly valuable reader of the Lithuanian language and vocabulary (Handbuch der litauischen Sprache, Bd. 2: Lesebuch und Glossar, 1857), which included the first publication of Lithuanian folktales, among other kinds of folklore.The author of the article aims at elucidating the objectives and circumstances of Schleicher’s recordings of the Lithuanian folktales, establishing of their genres and defining the typical narrative qualities. Besides, the importance of the tales that Schleicher recorded in terms of the Lithuanian folklore research is highlighted.The letters that Schleicher wrote in the course of his research trip to the Eastern Prussia in 1852 reveal the kind of difficulties that he encountered during this journey, his ways of communication and his experiences while collecting the Lithuanian folktales. The folk narratives published in his Lithuanian reader and vocabulary include fifteen tales of magic, seven joke tales, four novella tales, three animal tales, three tales of lying, two tales of the stupid ogre, one religious tale, four folk-belief legends and one local legend. The scholar was the first to record numerous examples of various Lithuanian tale types, which mostly belonged to the popular Lithuanian oral tradition.The linguist himself highly valued his work among the Lithuanian inhabitants of the Lithuania Minor, being well aware that it served to the preservation of the declining culture at least in the scientific purposes. He hoped that folklore recorded and published by himself and his assistants could support the Lithuanians resisting the intense assimilation processes. The results of his research trip in the Lithuania Minor testified to the vitality of the folk narrative tradition among the local Lithuanians in the middle of the 19th century.By researching the Lithuanian language and recording the Lithuanian folklore, Schleicher established the importance of this culture to the Indo-European studies in general and attracted numerous followers that carried on with his scholarly activities. His activities prompted Lithuanians themselves to collect their oral folk heritage as well. Thanks to Schleicher, the first Lithuanian folktales were translated into German, published and attracted notice of the foreign scholars. Their subsequent publications reached even broader social layers. Therefore, Schleicher may be regarded as the promoter of the Lithuanian folktales across other countries. Nowadays the Lithuanian folktales published by Schleicher have been included into various folklore collections as anonymous folklore pieces and have acquired literary interpretations.
Folk Couplets against the Background of Historical Memory
Authors: Stundžienė Bronė 
Published: November 2022

The article deals with a narrative emerging from the numerous corpus of the Lithuanian folk couplets, in order to highlight its connections with a certain background in the cultural memory, probably related to ancient mythical past, or a recent one associated to the so-called communication memory, which includes sharing recollections among people of the same or a couple of adjacent generations. The folk couplets are short rhymed folksongs, depicting comically or critically various phenomena, situations and human vices, and predominantly characterized by their acrimonious or obscene content. In their form and partly also in their content, these entertaining folksongs are rather close to the ritual folksongs performed at the weddings, or calendar festivals and other occasions. These kinds of folksongs are related in terms of the same artistic means – parody, humor, and irony, as well as of the content communicated by these means. They are also connected by their common denominations – lotinės dainos (‘barking songs’) or just lojimai (‘barking’), which associate singing with a dog’s bark. The mythical image of the dog and its bark is touched upon in the article too, tracing it back to pre-Christian beliefs. Wedding folksongs, or “barking”, have ritual meaning: namely, ensuring the new family’s fertility and thus – thriving of the entire community. The entertaining couplets have a much simpler function to perform: they are intended as merry-making at the parties and other communal gatherings, particularly among the young people, and are usually accompanied by music. Although, as proven by the folksong narrative emerging from these couplets that treat certain marginal social groups, such as beggars and the elderly, critically and even aggressively, the entertaining “barking songs” might serve as an important and publicly available instrument of “control over the social morality”. For instance, there are couplets mocking the so-called “fake beggars” that used to exist in virtually every Lithuanian parish of the 19th and the first half of the 20th century. These people would pretend to be lame and poor, gather at the churches and market squares during various religious festivities and scrounge for money and food. As often as not, the folk couplets aimed their typically aggressive mockery at the aged people (for instance, hundred-year-olds) and blamed them for living too long. Such cases may allude to the mythical notion of the old age: the hundred-year-olds allegedly use the vital energy of people who died too young.
According to folklore researchers, humorous and playful folk couplets may only at first sight seem as mere entertainment. A special historical background turns them into an expression of social critique instead. This study draws on the printed and manuscript archived sources from the end of the 19th to the first half of the 20th century.
How to See the Snake’s Feet?
Authors: Davidavičius Mantas Antanas 
Published: November 2022

Jurga Jonutytė, Giedrė Šmitienė, Gyvatės kojos: negalios samprata gyvenimo pasakojimuose. Vilnius: Lietuvių literatūros ir tautosakos institutas, 2021, 360 p.
Mujeres en mundos de hombres: segregación ocupacional de género y mecanismos de cierre social de acceso en profesiones de dominación masculina
Authors: Ibáñez Marta , Mingo Elisa García , Aguado Empar 
Published: November 2022

Las cifras disponibles muestran que las mujeres casi igualan a los varones entre la población activa, pero también indican que las mujeres españolas iguen desempeñando un menor número de ocupaciones. Este artículo busca ofrecer una mirada actualizada y compleja a la cuestión de la segregación ocupacional por género en España. Para ello, se comienza haciendo una descripción de los rasgos de la segregación ocupacional por género en España a partir de los datos estadísticos disponibles. Después, se propone el concepto de cierre social de género para analizar los mecanismos de cierre que están impidiendo que las mujeres accedan a ocupaciones mayoritariamente masculinas. Nuestro análisis es el resultado de estudiar siete ocupaciones mayoritariamente masculinas (informática, mecánicas en pequeños talleres de reparación de vehículos a motor, oficiales de la construcción, estibadoras portuarias, maquinistas de tren, pilotos de aviación comercial y Policías Nacionales) a través de la estrategia del estudio de caso. En nuestra investigación, concluimos que las imágenes estereotipadas de las ocupaciones son el mecanismo de cierre que comparten todos los casos analizados y también se constata la importancia de las decisiones tempranas relacionadas con la elección de la carrera profesional (career choice) en las trayectorias educativas. Nuestra principal conclusión es que cada mecanismo de cierre necesita su propia política de igualdad y medidas concretas si queremos lograr reducir la segregación ocupacional por género, así como todas sus consecuencias.
The significance of overweight and visceral obesity in the detection of pregestational diabetes in the population of women of reproductive age in Dushanbe
Authors: Anvarova Sh. S. , Jaborova M. S. 
Published: November 2022

Materials and research methods. We examined 1,500 women living in the city of Dushanbe for the period 2020-2021. The examination was carried out at the bases of medical health centers in the city of Dushanbe. In the course of the study, in order to clarify the risk factors in the development of pregestational diabetes, we measured the weight, height of patients, waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (OB), calculated the ratio OT / OB, and also conducted a survey of all examined women.Results of the study and their discussion. In particular, 8 cases of type 1 diabetes mellitus, 92 cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus and 2 cases with suspected MODY diabetes. In the course of the study, it should also be noted that the leading risk factor for the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus in particular (in 60% of cases) was overweight and, in particular, visceral obesity. The average level of glycated hemoglobin in the group of identified patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus was 7.7±0.8%. The age of the examined is 35.7±4.1 years. The average level of glycated hemoglobin in the group of patients with type 2 diabetes was 7.5±0.9%. In addition, during the study, an increase in the level of insulin in the blood of overweight and obese patients by an average of 15.2 mIU / l was found. When calculating the HOMA index, a significant (p<0.01) increase was noted, mainly in the group of patients with overweight and obesity.Conclusion. Taking into account the obtained results, the leading role of overweight and visceral obesity in the detection of pregestational diabetes is shown.