bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect of a 12 Week Mixed-Modality Training Intervention on the Cardio-Metabolic Health of Rotational Shift Workers
Authors: Collins Blake E. G. , Hartmann Tegan E. , Marino Frank E. , Skein Melissa 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To assess the effect of a 12 week resistance or aerobic training intervention on markers of cardio-metabolic function and sleep among male rotational shift workers.

Method
Thirty-eight sedentary, apparently healthy, male rotational shift workers were recruited and randomly allocated to a non-exercise control (CON) group, 3 sessions/week of moderate intensity continuous (MICT), or resistance training (RT) for 12 weeks in a semi-supervised setting. Pre- and post-testing assessed markers of cardio-metabolic function including peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak), glucose metabolism, insulin sensitivity, body composition, inflammatory markers, and 14 day actigraphy sleep assessment.

Results
Mean session attendance across the intervention was 25 (± 7) of a possible 36 sessions. A significant group by time interaction was observed for MICT, with lower c-reactive protein (CRP) values observed post-training (P = 0.049). A significant effect for time was observed for both MICT (n = 9; P = 0.04) and RT (n = 10; P = 0.021), increasing total sleep time (TST) following a night shift post-intervention. Data redistribution regarding exercise adherence: < 24 (N-ADHERE) or ≥ 24 (ADHERE) resulted in significant pre-to-post reduction in body fat (P = 0.024) and fat mass percentage (P = 0.014) among ADHERE. No differences were observed for any intervention group on insulin sensitivity, glucose metabolism or oxygen uptake.

Conclusion
The results of the current study support exercise as a valid intervention to improve the cardio-metabolic health of rotational shift workers. Average sessional attendance suggests shift workers face barriers to exercise that may need to be addressed to improve health outcomes.
A quest for global psychology
Authors: Tateo Luca , Marsico Giuseppina 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this article we discuss the decolonisation of psychology by constructing a project that is open to diversity and transdisciplinarity, rather than providing hyper-fragmented technical knowledge. In the iconic Manifesto antropófago (1928), the poet Oswald de Andrade (1890–1954) claimed the original and creative capability of Brazilian modernist culture to elaborate in original ways the European, Indio and African heritage. We discuss the anthropophagic metaphor to elaborate on human phenomena that take place in “arenas” where complementary and (often) opposing views are at stake; where the people make their own personal synthesis through coordinated “processes of creating, managing, demolishing and rebuilding” meanings about themselves and the world. Research cannot be reduced to a competition between views that strive to prevail and occupy academic niches. Instead, it should be aimed at being a collective effort of understanding through dialogue.An innovative epistemology shall not reject any emerging idea because it belongs to a different “species” or “perspective”. It is not hegemonic, rather, it is open to the construction of knowledge through dialogue and complementarity of views. The idea of Anthropophagic Psychology rejects a “monological” epistemology and instead allows for the development of a polyphonic psychology, an arena, i.e. a local ecosystem, where the polyphony of perspectives can lead to a rich epistemic orchestration.
Stock Comovement and Financial Flexibility
Authors: Huang Teng , Kumar Anil , Sacchetto Stefano , Vergara-Alert Carles 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe develop a dynamic model of corporate investment and financing, in which shocks to the value of collateralizable assets generate variation in firms’ debt capacity. We show that the degree of similarity among firms’ financial flexibility forecasts cross-sectional variation in return correlation. We test the implications of the model with firm-level data in two empirical analyses using i) an instrumental variable approach based on shocks to the value of collateralizable corporate assets and ii) the outbreak of the COVID-19 crisis as an event study. We find that firms in the same percentile of the cross-sectional distribution of financial flexibility have 62% higher correlation in stock-return residuals than firms 50 percentiles apart.
The Role of Atmospheric Transport for El Niño‐Southern Oscillation Teleconnections
Authors: Baier K. , Duetsch M. , Mayer M. , Bakels L. , Haimberger L. , Stohl A. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe El Niño‐Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is one of Earth's main modes of climate variability, having huge impacts on weather, agriculture, and people worldwide. Although these impacts and teleconnections have been studied for decades, the role of atmospheric transport is not completely understood. We analyze the atmospheric transport outgoing from the Equatorial Pacific with the Lagrangian particle dispersion model FLEXPART driven by reanalysis data. Our results demonstrate the interocean‐basin exchange via the atmosphere: anomalously energetic air from the ENSO region mainly remains within the Tropics and Subtropics, while more air is transported toward the east during El Niño. Transport of anomalous moist air can directly be linked to several observed teleconnections, for example, droughts in the Amazon Basin and precipitation in Southeastern U.S. during El Niño. These results show that atmospheric transport plays a role in several ENSO teleconnections.
Accelerated Accumulation of Anthropogenic CO2 Drives Rapid Acidification in the North Pacific Subtropical Mode Water During 1993–2020
Authors: Li Cheng‐long , Wu Yingxu , Wang Xuchen , Feely Richard A. , Cai Wei‐Jun , Han Lei , Lin Xiaopei , Qi Di 
Published: November 2022

AbstractRecent studies suggest that the formation and motion of the North Pacific subtropical mode water (STMW) play an important role in oceanic uptake, transport and storage of anthropogenic CO2 (CANT). However, the variability of STMW acidification rate and its control mechanisms remain unclear. Here we show that the STMW acidification rate during 2005–2020 is about two times of that during 1993–2005, which is due to the cooling‐driven enhanced CANT accumulation in the formation waters in the recent period. The rapid rates of CANT accumulation and acidification are consistently observed in the entire region across 137°–149°E regulated by STMW transport. Moreover, the tracer‐based (Δ14C and δ13C) analyses also indicate that the accelerated accumulation of CANT could be traced back to the surface formation waters via STMW formation. The vertical and horizontal consistencies imply the memory function of mode waters in retaining the anthropogenic carbon fingerprint during its formation and transport.
Recent Trends in Transport of Surface Carbonaceous Aerosols to the Upper‐Troposphere‐Lower‐Stratosphere Linked to Expansion of the Asian Summer Monsoon Anticyclone
Authors: Lau William K. M. , Kim Kyu‐Myong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractUsing Modern‐Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications Version‐2 (MERRA‐2) re‐analyses, we have examined recent trends (2000–2019) in transport of surface carbonaceous aerosols (CAs), that is, organic carbon and black carbon, to the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (UTLS) during the Asian summer monsoon (ASM). We find a significant increased concentration of UTLS CA, linked to a linear trend in an expansion of the Asian Summer Monsoon Anticyclone (ASMA). Over core monsoon latitudes (25°–35°N), the trends in UTLS CA are enabled by increased upward transport from surface sources via an intensified monsoon meridional circulation, with increased latent heating over the southern Tibetan Plateau and foothill regions, enhanced by feedback processes associated with radiative heating by UTLS CA. In the extra‐tropics, increased UTLS CA stems primarily from an extended source of increased wildfire emissions over eastern Siberia and northern Asia, coincident with a large‐scale anomalous anticyclone with enhanced surface warming and drying near (80°–120°E, 55°–70°N). Here, CAs are transported upward from the surface to the ULS, likely by increased pyro‐convection associated with enhanced wildfires, and enter the tropical UTLS via increased equatorward transport on the eastern flanks of anomalous upper‐level anticyclones, coupled to the expanded ASMA. Overall, the increasing UTLS CA trends associated with expansion of the ASMA are consistent with a hydrostatic expansion of a warming troposphere, reflected in a rise in the tropical tropopause and consequential dynamical adjustments of the ASM subtropical jetstream, modulating the climate of the greater ASM region.
Structure- and computational-aided engineering of an oxidase to produce isoeugenol from a lignin-derived compound
Authors: Guo Yiming , Alvigini Laura , Trajkovic Milos , Alonso-Cotchico Lur , Monza Emanuele , Savino Simone , Marić Ivana , Mattevi Andrea , Fraaije Marco W. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractVarious 4-alkylphenols can be easily obtained through reductive catalytic fractionation of lignocellulosic biomass. Selective dehydrogenation of 4-n-propylguaiacol results in the formation of isoeugenol, a valuable flavor and fragrance molecule and versatile precursor compound. Here we present the engineering of a bacterial eugenol oxidase to catalyze this reaction. Five mutations, identified from computational predictions, are first introduced to render the enzyme more thermostable. Other mutations are then added and analyzed to enhance chemoselectivity and activity. Structural insight demonstrates that the slow catalytic activity of an otherwise promising enzyme variant is due the formation of a slowly-decaying covalent substrate-flavin cofactor adduct that can be remedied by targeted residue changes. The final engineered variant comprises eight mutations, is thermostable, displays good activity and acts as a highly chemoselective 4-n-propylguaiacol oxidase. We lastly use our engineered biocatalyst in an illustrative preparative reaction at gram-scale. Our findings show that a natural enzyme can be redesigned into a tailored biocatalyst capable of valorizing lignin-based monophenols.
Chemistry-driven changes strongly influence climate forcing from vegetation emissions
Authors: Weber James , Archer-Nicholls Scott , Abraham Nathan Luke , Shin Youngsub Matthew , Griffiths Paul , Grosvenor Daniel P. , Scott Catherine E. , Archibald Alex T. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBiogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) affect climate via changes to aerosols, aerosol-cloud interactions (ACI), ozone and methane. BVOCs exhibit dependence on climate (causing a feedback) and land use but there remains uncertainty in their net climatic impact. One factor is the description of BVOC chemistry. Here, using the earth-system model UKESM1, we quantify chemistry’s influence by comparing the response to doubling BVOC emissions in the pre-industrial with standard and state-of-science chemistry. The net forcing (feedback) is positive: ozone and methane increases and ACI changes outweigh enhanced aerosol scattering. Contrary to prior studies, the ACI response is driven by cloud droplet number concentration (CDNC) reductions from suppression of gas-phase SO2oxidation. With state-of-science chemistry the feedback is 43% smaller as lower oxidant depletion yields smaller methane increases and CDNC decreases. This illustrates chemistry’s significant influence on BVOC’s climatic impact and the more complex pathways by which BVOCs influence climate than currently recognised.
Protein aggregation and calcium dysregulation are hallmarks of familial Parkinson’s disease in midbrain dopaminergic neurons
Authors: Virdi Gurvir S. , Choi Minee L. , Evans James R. , Yao Zhi , Athauda Dilan , Strohbuecker Stephanie , Nirujogi Raja S. , Wernick Anna I. , Pelegrina-Hidalgo Noelia , Leighton Craig , Saleeb Rebecca S. , Kopach Olga , Alrashidi Haya , Melandri Daniela , Perez-Lloret Jimena , Angelova Plamena R. , Sylantyev Sergiy , Eaton Simon , Heales Simon , Rusakov Dmitri A. , Alessi Dario R. , Kunath Tilo , Horrocks Mathew H. , Abramov Andrey Y. , Patani Rickie , Gandhi Sonia 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMutations in theSNCAgene cause autosomal dominant Parkinson’s disease (PD), with loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra, and aggregation of α-synuclein. The sequence of molecular events that proceed from anSNCAmutation during development, to end-stage pathology is unknown. Utilising human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs), we resolved the temporal sequence ofSNCA-induced pathophysiological events in order to discover early, and likely causative, events. Our small molecule-based protocol generates highly enriched midbrain dopaminergic (mDA) neurons: molecular identity was confirmed using single-cell RNA sequencing and proteomics, and functional identity was established through dopamine synthesis, and measures of electrophysiological activity. At the earliest stage of differentiation, prior to maturation to mDA neurons, we demonstrate the formation of small β-sheet-rich oligomeric aggregates, inSNCA-mutant cultures. Aggregation persists and progresses, ultimately resulting in the accumulation of phosphorylated α-synuclein aggregates. Impaired intracellular calcium signalling, increased basal calcium, and impairments in mitochondrial calcium handling occurred early at day 34–41 post differentiation. Once midbrain identity fully developed, at day 48–62 post differentiation,SNCA-mutant neurons exhibited mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, lysosomal swelling and increased autophagy. Ultimately these multiple cellular stresses lead to abnormal excitability, altered neuronal activity, and cell death. Our differentiation paradigm generates an efficient model for studying disease mechanisms in PD and highlights that protein misfolding to generate intraneuronal oligomers is one of the earliest critical events driving disease in human neurons, rather than a late-stage hallmark of the disease.
Extensive range contraction predicted under climate warming for two endangered mountaintop frogs from the rainforests of subtropical Australia
Authors: Bolitho Liam , Newell David 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMontane ecosystems cover approximately 20% of the Earth's terrestrial surface and are centres of endemism. Globally, anthropogenic climate change is driving population declines and local extinctions across multiple montane taxa, including amphibians. We applied the maximum entropy approach to predict the impacts of climate change on the distribution of two poorly known amphibian species (Philoria kundagunganandPhiloria richmondensis) endemic to the subtropical uplands of the Gondwana Rainforests of Australia, World Heritage Area (GRAWHA). Firstly, under current climate conditions and also future (2055) low and high warming scenarios. We validated current distribution models against models developed using presence-absence field data. Our models were highly concordant with known distributions and predicted the current distribution ofP. kundagunganto contract by 64% under the low warming scenario and by 91% under the high warming scenario and thatP. richmondensiswould contract by 50% and 85%, respectively. With large areas of habitat already impacted by wildfires, conservation efforts for both these species need to be initiated urgently. We propose several options,including establishing ex-situ insurance populations increasing the long-term viability of both species in the wild through conservation translocations.
Speciated mechanism in Quaternary cervids (Cervus and Capreolus) on both sides of the Pyrenees: a multidisciplinary approach
Authors: Uzunidis Antigone , Rufà Anna , Blasco Ruth , Rosell Jordi , Brugal Jean-Philip , Texier Pierre-Jean , Rivals Florent 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCervids, and especially the red deerCervus elaphus, are among the most regularly and abundantly recorded ungulates in Pleistocene/Paleolithic bone assemblages. Numerous Pleistocene or Holocene subspecies have been described, reinforcing their status as essential proxies for environmental and chronological reconstructions. Despite this, at the beginning of the Late Pleistocene, their diversity seems to have decreased. In this study, we analysed teeth and some postcranial elements ofCervusandCapreolusfrom north-eastern Iberia and south-eastern France to clarify their morphological characteristics and ecological adaptations. We describe a transitional form in north-eastern Iberia between the western European stock and the current formC. e. hispanicus. Such sub-speciation processes are connected to biogeographical factors, as there were limited exchanges between north-eastern Iberia and the northern Pyrenees, whereas the north-western part of the peninsula seems more connected to the northern Pyrenees. The anatomical plasticity (morpho-functional adaptation and body size) of red deer is connected to dietary flexibility (dental meso- and microwear). Conversely,Capreolusshows greater morphological and ecological homogeneity. Body size variations seem directly correlated with their ability to browse throughout the year. The marked differences between the eco-bio-geographical responses of the two taxa can be explained by their habitat selection.
Incidence and risk factors of clinically important venous thromboembolism in tibial plateau fractures
Authors: Wang Pengfei , Yan Xinan , Fei Chen , Zhang Binfei , Xing Jian , Zhang Kun , Kandemir Utku 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWhile there are multiple reports on venous thromboembolism (VTE) associated with several orthopedic procedures, the knowledge regarding incidence and risk factors of VTE in tibial plateau fractures is limited. This study aimed to investigate the incidence and risk factors of clinically important venous thromboembolism (CIVTE) in patients with tibial plateau fractures. All adult patients who underwent surgical treatment of tibia plateau fractures between 2003 and 2018 in our level 1 trauma center were included in the study. All patients suspected CIVTE were assessed by the ultrasonography and/or CT scan. Univariate and multivariate analysis were used to evaluate the association between potential risk factors and CIVTE Variables. Thirty-nine of 462 patients (8.4%) developed clinically important venous thromboembolism, in which pulmonary embolism (PE) and deep vein thrombosis (DVT) were observed in 18 (3.9%) and 21 (4.54%) patients, respectively. Male gender (OR 9.75; 95% CI 2.34–40.66), spine injury (OR 9.51; 95% CI 3.39–26.64), other extremity injury (OR 3.7; 95% CI 1.58–8.66), length of stay in ICU (OR 1.14; 95% CI 1.09–1.2) were all risk factors for CIVTE. The incidence of CIVTE in tibial plateau fracture was relatively high (8.4%); The male gender, spine injury, other extremity injury, length of stay in ICU were the independent risk factors.
Nature inspired method for noninvasive fetal ECG extraction
Authors: Raj Akshaya , Brablik Jindrich , Kahankova Radana , Jaros Rene , Barnova Katerina , Snasel Vaclav , Mirjalili Seyedali , Martinek Radek 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis paper introduces a novel algorithm for effective and accurate extraction of non-invasive fetal electrocardiogram (NI-fECG). In NI-fECG based monitoring, the useful signal is measured along with other signals generated by the pregnant women’s body, especially maternal electrocardiogram (mECG). These signals are more distinct in magnitude and overlap in time and frequency domains, making the fECG extraction extremely challenging. The proposed extraction method combines the Grey wolf algorithm (GWO) with sequential analysis (SA). This innovative combination, forming the GWO-SA method, optimises the parameters required to create a template that matches the mECG, which leads to an accurate elimination of the said signal from the input composite signal. The extraction system was tested on two databases consisting of real signals, namely, Labour and Pregnancy. The databases used to test the algorithms are available on a server at the generalist repositories (figshare) integrated with Matonia et al. (Sci Data 7(1):1–14, 2020). The results show that the proposed method extracts the fetal ECG signal with an outstanding efficacy. The efficacy of the results was evaluated based on accurate detection of the fQRS complexes. The parameters used to evaluate are as follows: accuracy (ACC), sensitivity (SE), positive predictive value (PPV), and F1 score. Due to the stochastic nature of the GWO algorithm, ten individual runs were performed for each record in the two databases to assure stability as well as repeatability. Using these parameters, for the Labour dataset, we achieved an average ACC of 94.60%, F1 of 96.82%, SE of 97.49%, and PPV of 98.96%. For the Pregnancy database, we achieved an average ACC of 95.66%, F1 of 97.44%, SE of 98.07%, and PPV of 97.44%. The obtained results show that the fHR related parameters were determined accurately for most of the records, outperforming the other state-of-the-art approaches. The poorer quality of certain signals have caused deviation from the estimated fHR for certain records in the databases. The proposed algorithm is compared with certain well established algorithms, and has proven to be accurate in its fECG extractions.
Low spatial frequency laser-induced periodic surface structures in fused silica inscribed by widely tunable femtosecond laser pulses
Authors: Navickas Marius , Grigutis Robertas , Jukna Vytautas , Tamošauskas Gintaras , Dubietis Audrius 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe formation and evolution of laser-induced periodic surface structures in fused silica under irradiation of widely tunable (in the 1–3 $$\upmu$$
μ
m range) linearly polarized femtosecond (200 fs) pulses was studied experimentally. The structures were inscribed in high fluence regime (exceeding the surface ablation threshold for a single pulse) and characterized by using scanning electron microscopy and two dimensional Fourier transform. The results revealed rapid (after irradiation with a few successive pulses) formation of periodic laser-induced periodic surface structures aligned parallel to laser polarization, whose period increases with increasing the inscription wavelength, obeying the $$\lambda /n$$

λ
/
n

law. With further increase of number of pulses, the generated structures gradually reorganize into laser polarization-independent low spatial frequency annular structures associated with formation of the damage crater, which fully established after irradiation with a few tens of successive laser pulses. This particular evolution scenario was observed over the entire wavelength tuning range of incident pulses.
Dementia with Lewy bodies post-mortem brains reveal differentially methylated CpG sites with biomarker potential
Authors: Shao Xiaojian , Vishweswaraiah Sangeetha , Čuperlović-Culf Miroslava , Yilmaz Ali , Greenwood Celia M. T. , Surendra Anuradha , McGuinness Bernadette , Passmore Peter , Kehoe Patrick G. , Maddens Michael E. , Bennett Steffany A. L. , Green Brian D. , Radhakrishna Uppala , Graham Stewart F. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is a common form of dementia with known genetic and environmental interactions. However, the underlying epigenetic mechanisms which reflect these gene-environment interactions are poorly studied. Herein, we measure genome-wide DNA methylation profiles of post-mortem brain tissue (Broadmann area 7) from 15 pathologically confirmed DLB brains and compare them with 16 cognitively normal controls using Illumina MethylationEPIC arrays. We identify 17 significantly differentially methylated CpGs (DMCs) and 17 differentially methylated regions (DMRs) between the groups. The DMCs are mainly located at the CpG islands, promoter and first exon regions. Genes associated with the DMCs are linked to “Parkinson’s disease” and “metabolic pathway”, as well as the diseases of “severe intellectual disability” and “mood disorders”. Overall, our study highlights previously unreported DMCs offering insights into DLB pathogenesis with the possibility that some of these could be used as biomarkers of DLB in the future.