bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Testing machine learning algorithms on a binary classification phenological model
Authors: Dai Wujun , Jin Huiying , Zhou Lin , Liu Tong , Zhang Yuhong , Zhou Zhiqiang , Fu Yongshuo H. , Jin Guangze 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAimPhenological models have become a vital tool for predicting future phenological responses to global climate change. Recently, machine learning (ML) has been used successfully to develop phenological models based on ground observations. However, fitting an observation series that has been observed for only a few years (or even a decade) can easily lead to overfitting, and it is still a great challenge to predict future phenology accurately based on a short observation series. Here, based on historical ground phenological observations, we construct an ML‐based binary classification phenological model that can be applied to temperate trees.InnovationWe thoroughly describe the construction process of a species‐specific ML‐based binary classification phenological model that is suitable for phenological predictions in both spring and autumn. Through experiments, we evaluate 18 commonly used ML classification algorithms and the effects of two parameters on the prediction performance of the model. Finally, we compare the performance between the binary classification model and six widely used ecophysiological models for accuracy of spring phenological prediction.Main conclusionsThe median root mean square error (RMSE) of the binary classification model for the first flowering date (93 observation series) was only 2.99 days, which proves that it is a good method of phenological prediction for temperate trees. This model can effectively overcome the insufficient sample size of ground observations for specific species and provide new insights of phenological predictions for tropical and subtropical trees. The comparison of different ML algorithms showed that the median root mean square errors of the six algorithms were <3.5 days, and lower than those of six ecophysiological models (>3.7 days) in prediction of spring phenology. In addition, this model can help us to infer plant physiological mechanisms and drivers of phenological change and provide more accurate predictions of plant phenological responses to climate change.
Under what conditions does bureaucracy matter in the making of global public policies?
Authors: Ege Jörn , Bauer Michael W. , Wagner Nora , Thomann Eva 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis study investigates how configurations of bureaucratic autonomy, policy complexity and political contestation allow international public administrations (IPAs) to influence policymaking within international organizations. A fuzzy‐set Qualitative Comparative Analysis of 17 policy decisions in four organizations (FAO, WHO, ILO, UNESCO) shows that all IPAs studied can be influential in favorable contexts. When policies are both contested and complex, even IPAs lacking autonomy can influence policy. If either complexity or contestation is absent, however, it is the variant of autonomy of will that helps the IPA exploit procedural strategies of influence. Low autonomy of will, among other factors, explains why IPAs cannot exert influence. Conversely, the variant of autonomy of action appears largely irrelevant. The study provides new insights into the role of bureaucracy beyond the state, exemplifying how research of bureaucratic influence can yield more systematic results in various empirical settings.
An iterated greedy algorithm for the planning of yarn‐dyeing boilers
Authors: Demir Yunus 
Published: November 2022

AbstractYarn dyeing is a critical link in the textile production chain that consumes the most time and energy. Today's dyeing shops receive hundreds of demands with thousands of different colors, different due dates, and different production requirements. This situation has made it very difficult for the human brain to create a minimum‐cost production plan by complying with the due dates. In this study, a real‐life problem of a company operating in the textile industry is discussed and a solution has been developed for the planning of yarn‐dyeing boilers. The application was held in Bursalı Textile, which is the major towel manufacturer operating in Turkey. The problem dealt with is basically in the nature of the variable‐size bin‐packing problem (VSBPP). The limited availability of bins (boilers) of different sizes and the packing of the items (yarn work orders) with due date constraints are the original aspects of this study. Multi‐objective mixed integer programming model is developed to minimize two objectives. For the solution, the preemptive method called the lexicographic approach, in which the objectives are solved in order, is preferred. As the first objective, the overcapacity usage is minimized and then the second objective, which is the boiler usage cost, is minimized. Given that the VSBPP is strongly NP‐hard, an iterated greedy algorithm with two different decoding approaches is proposed. Computational experiments were conducted on 20 randomly generated benchmark instances and a real‐world industrial dataset. The numerical results show that good solutions can be obtained in seconds using the proposed approaches.
Somatic mutations of activating signalling, transcription factor, and tumour suppressor are a precondition for leukaemia transformation in myelodysplastic syndromes
Authors: Xu Feng , Wu Lin‐Yun , Guo Juan , He Qi , Zhang Zheng , Li Xiao 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe transformation biology of secondary acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) from myelodysplastic syndromes (MDSs) is still not fully understood. We performed paired self‐controlled sequencing, including targeted, whole exome, and single‐cell RNA sequencing, in a cohort of MDS patients to search for AML transformation‐related mutations (TRMs). Thirty‐nine target genes from paired samples from 72 patients with MDS who had undergone AML transformation were analysed. The targeted sequencing results showed that 64 of 72 (88.9%) patients presented TRMs involving signalling pathway activation, transcription factors, or tumour suppressors. Of the 64 patients, most of the TRMs (62.5%, 40 cases) emerged at the leukaemia transformation point. Paired whole exome sequencing showed some presumptive TRMs, which were not included in the reference targets in three patients. No patient developed AML only by acquiring mutations involved in epigenetic modulation or ribonucleic acid splicing. Single‐cell sequencing indicated that the activating cell signalling route was related to TRMs in one paired sample. Targeted sequencing defined TRMs were limited to a small set of seven genes (in the order: NRAS/KRAS, CEBPA, TP53, FLT3, CBL, PTPN11, and RUNX1, accounting for nearly 90.0% of the TRMs). In conclusion, somatic mutations involved in signalling, transcription factors, or tumour suppressors appeared to be a precondition for AML transformation from MDS.
‘Branded’ microscopy core facilities – Mutually beneficial partnerships between academia and industry
Authors: Rappoport Joshua Z. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCore facilities are research laboratories staffed by professional scientists who can provide access, training, support, and maintenance for the utilisation of highly specialised instrumentation. Microscopy core facilities support researchers working in many areas with wide ranging imaging needs. The companies that manufacture, sell, and service advanced microscopy instrumentation often develop strong and mutually beneficial relationships with their customers, which sometimes lead to contractual agreements with academic research institutions, resulting in so‐called ‘branded’ core facilities. These academic‐industrial partnerships can have significant benefits for both parties and ultimately can serve to improve the scientific resources available to the core facility user base. The article will describe these types of arrangements and specifically highlight aspects of these agreements that can benefit each partner in addition to some specific challenges that can arise with ‘branded’ core facilities.
Parents of children with disabilities' perceptions regarding the quality of interaction with Health professionals working in early intervention: A qualitative descriptive study
Authors: Morera‐Balaguer Jaume , Lillo‐Navarro Carmen , de Oliveira‐Sousa Silvana‐Loana , Montilla‐Herrador Joaquina , Escolar‐Reina Pilar , Rodríguez‐Nogueira Óscar , Medina‐Mirapeix Francesc 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAims and ObjectivesThe aim of this study is to explore the perceptions of parents of children with physical disabilities concerning the quality of their interaction with health professionals in early intervention programs.BackgroundDespite the consensus on the need for Patient and Family‐Centered Care, there are still difficulties when executing such care. The quality of interaction among patients, families, and professionals is essential to facilitate the implementation of the programs.DesignA qualitative descriptive study with thematic analysis using a Modified Grounded Theory approach.MethodsData were collected through seven focus groups with 28 parents of children with physical disabilities who were undergoing early intervention programs in three centres. The study followed the COREQ guidelines and checklist.ResultsTwo themes emerged from the experiences: ‘exchange of information and education’, which included all the activities, procedures, exercises and skills taught by the professionals to help parents care for their child; and ‘interpersonal skills’, which focused on the way the professional relates with the child and the parents. Several subthemes emerged within each theme.ConclusionsThis study identified which elements of the professional‐parent interaction are considered by parents when evaluating the quality of their interaction with the health care provider of their children.Relevance to Clinical PracticeThe results of this study bring to light certain behaviours and interactions that health professionals should consider in order to improve the perceptions of parents of children with disabilities regarding the quality of interaction in the context of early childhood intervention.Patient or Public ContributionParents contributed to the data collected. Early intervention professionals were involved in participant checking to ensure the rigour of the study.
Dimensions of good palliative nursing care: Expert panel consensus and perceptions of palliative professionals
Authors: Zulueta Egea Mar , Prieto‐Ursúa María , Bermejo Toro Laura , Palmar‐Santos Ana María 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAims and ObjectivesTo analyse the dimensions of quality of palliative nursing care and to explore the perceptions of professionals for the development and validation of the Palliative Nursing Care Quality Scale.BackgroundThe study of palliative nursing care quality has been approached from analysis of the competencies of palliative care nurses, based on various theoretical models. However, there are fewer qualitative empirical studies that have evaluated what good palliative nursing care is and what its dimensions are.DesignMixed‐method, Delphi approach and exploratory qualitative study.MethodsConsensus by a panel of experts using the Delphi technique and semi‐structured interviews. The study was reported in a comprehensive manner following COREQ criteria. Data collection took place between January and June 2018.ResultsThe eight‐person expert panel reached consensus on the following dimensions of the Palliative Nursing Care Quality Scale: control and relief of symptoms, family and/or primary caregiver, therapeutic relationship, spiritual support and continuity of care. Thematic analysis of ten interviews identified four emergent themes related to good nursing care: (1) the patient and family as a whole; (2) finding meaning; (3) responsible communication; and (4) caring for the human element.ConclusionsThe quality of palliative nursing care goes beyond providing comprehensive care; it means meticulously looking after every detail of what is important to the patient. The expectations of professionals are not as important. Instead, care should be based primarily on the needs and respect for the wishes of the patient and their family.Relevance to Clinical PracticeSpecifying the quality of nursing care in routine practice and reaching a consensus on its dimensions means moving towards excellence in care, as well as improving the professional profile of advanced practice palliative care nurses.Patient or Public ContributionTwo primary caregivers participated in the panel of experts and the semi‐structured interview.
International Yield Curves and Currency Puzzles
Authors: CHERNOV MIKHAIL , CREAL DREW 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACTThe currency depreciation rate is often computed as the ratio of foreign to domestic pricing kernels. Using bond prices alone to estimate these kernels leads to currency puzzles: the inability of models to match violations of uncovered interest parity and the volatility of exchange rates. This happens because of the FX bond disconnect, the inability of bonds to span exchange rates. Incorporating innovations to the pricing kernel that affect exchange rates but not bonds helps resolve the puzzles. This approach also allows one to relate news about cross‐country differences between international yields to news about currency risk premiums.
Paternity leave, family dynamics, and children's behavior in Singapore
Authors: Yeung Wei‐Jun Jean , Li Nanxun 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectiveConduct the first empirical study to examine whether a father taking paternity leave is related to children's social–emotional development in Asia and the extent to which family dynamics mediate this relationship.BackgroundThe provision of paid paternity leave in Asia is relatively recent compared to many western societies. The impact of this policy on family dynamics and children's well‐being in Asia, where patriarchal ideology is more prevalent and women's labor force participation is high, is understudied. This study investigates this relationship in Singapore where government‐paid paternity leave was initiated in 2013.MethodThis study uses data from the Singapore Longitudinal Early Development Study which consists of 3895 children aged under 7. Multivariate regressions and propensity score matching analyses are conducted to assess the relationships between paternity leave‐taking, family dynamics, and children's behavioral outcomes. The KHB method is used to test the mediation effects of family dynamics.ResultsA 2‐week or longer paternity leave is significantly associated with lower family conflicts, mothers' parenting aggravation, higher marital satisfaction, fathers' involvement, and closer father–child relations. Paternity leave‐taking, mediated through positive family dynamics, is significantly associated with lower behavior problems in children.ConclusionRelatively short paternity leave (2 weeks) can benefit both family dynamics and children's social–emotional outcomes. These results have implications for policies that aim to enhance work‐family life balance and gender equality in society.
The Moderating Influence of School Adult Connectedness on Adolescent Dating Violence and Mental Health
Authors: Brar Pooja , Shramko Maura , Taylor Sarah , Eisenberg Marla 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundAdolescent dating violence (ADV) continues to be a health concern. Most previous research has examined physical and or sexual ADV with little attention to verbal violence.MethodsDrawing on the social‐ecological framework, the current study examined the moderating influence of school adult connectedness on experiences of verbal only, physical and/or sexual violence (combination ADV), and mental health outcomes among 11th graders (n = 31,459) in one Midwestern state.ResultsOverall, 24.0% and 28.8% of adolescents met thresholds for depression and anxiety symptoms, respectively. Rates of mental health symptoms were higher among adolescents reporting ADV compared to those who did not report experience of ADV. In logistic regressions, higher level of school adult connectedness was associated with lower odds of depressive and anxiety symptoms, respectively. In moderation analyses, school adult connectedness was protective for mental health outcomes regardless of ADV experience.ConclusionAdolescent dating violence—including verbal violence alone—can be traumatic for young people. Schools can leverage the protective nature of school adult connection to promote mental health for all students, including adolescents who have experienced ADV. Incorporating trauma‐informed education practice of providing unconditional positive regard toward adolescents might be 1‐way schools can support adolescents in cultivating healthy relationships and well‐being.
Solitary intraventricular tumors in dogs and cats treated with radiotherapy alone or combined with ventriculoperitoneal shunts: A retrospective descriptive case series
Authors: Beckmann Katrin , Kowalska Malwina , Meier Valeria 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundIntraventricular tumors are rare, optimal treatment is not defined. Symptomatic patients often exhibit life‐threatening hydrocephalus. With several months time‐to‐effect after radiotherapy (RT), increased intracranial pressure is concerning. This increase in pressure can be overcome by ventriculoperitoneal shunting (VPS).ObjectivesRetrospective evaluation of outcome and complications in dogs and cats with intracranial tumors treated with either RT or VPS/RT.AnimalsTwelve client‐owned cats and dogs.MethodsDogs and cats with symptomatic intraventricular tumors treated with definitive‐intent RT or VPS/RT were included in a retrospective, descriptive case series. Complications, tumor volume evolution, time‐to‐progression, and survival time were determined.ResultsTwelve animals were included: 1 cat and 5 dogs treated with single‐modality RT and 4 cats and 2 dogs treated with VPS/RT. Neurological worsening seen in 4/6 animals during single‐modality RT and 2/6 died during RT (suspected brain herniation). All dogs with VPS normalized clinically by the end of RT or earlier. Complications occurred in 4/6 animals, all but 1 were successfully managed surgically. Imaging follow‐up in 8 animals surviving RT showed a marked decrease in tumor volume. Median survival time was 162 days (95% confidence interval [CI]: 16; infinity) for animals treated with RT and 1103 days (95%CI: 752; infinity) for animals treated with VPS/RT. Median time‐to‐progression was 71 days (95%CI: 7; infinity) and 895 days (95%CI: 704; infinity) for each group, respectively. Two dogs died because of intraventricular metastasis 427 and 461 days after single‐modality RT.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceVentriculoperitoneal shunting led to rapid normalization of neurological signs and RT had a measurable effect on tumor volume. Combination of VPS/RT seems to be beneficial.
Pharmacokinetics of a single dose of Aficamten (CK‐274) on cardiac contractility in a A31PMYBPC3 hypertrophic cardiomyopathy cat model
Authors: Sharpe Ashley N. , Oldach Maureen S. , Kaplan Joanna L. , Rivas Victor , Kovacs Samantha L. , Hwee Darren T. , Morgan Bradley P. , Malik Fady I. , Harris Samantha P. , Stern Joshua A. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most prevalent cardiac disease in cats and lacks efficacious preclinical pharmacologic intervention, prompting investigation of novel therapies. Genetic mutations encoding sarcomeric proteins are implicated in the development of HCM and small molecule myosin inhibitors are an emerging class of therapeutics designed to target the interaction of actin and myosin to alleviate the detrimental effects of inappropriate contractile protein interactions. The purpose of this study was to characterize the pharmacodynamic effects of a single oral dose of the novel cardiac myosin inhibitor aficamten (CK‐274) on cardiac function in purpose bred cats with naturally occurring A31P MYBPC3 mutation and a clinical diagnosis of HCM with left ventricular outflow tract obstruction (LVOTO). Five purpose bred cats were treated with aficamten (2 mg/kg) or vehicle and echocardiographic evaluations were performed at 0, 6, 24, and 48 h post‐dosing. High dose aficamten (2 mg/kg) reduced left ventricular fractional shortening (LVFS%) by increasing the LV systolic internal dimension (LVIDs) and reduced isovolumic relaxation time (IVRT) compared with baseline without significant adverse effects. The marked reduction in systolic function and reduced IVRT coupled with an increased heart rate in treated cats, suggest a lower dose may be optimal. Further studies to determine optimal dosing of aficamten are indicated.
Whole‐genome resequencing reveals complex effects of geographical–palaeoclimatic interactions on diversification of moustache toads in East Asia
Authors: Li Jun , Fu Chao , Ai Qingbo , Xie Siyu , Huang Chunhua , Zhao Mian , Fu Jinzhong , Wu Hua 
Published: November 2022

AbstractGeographical features and palaeoclimatic fluctuations are two classical evolutionary forces that shape genetic diversification within species. Fine‐grained analysis of the mechanisms involved through population demographic processes, however, remains limited. Taking advantage of two recently published reference genomes, we resequenced the genomes and examined the evolutionary history of the moustache toads, a group endemic to East Asia where complex topography and fluctuating palaeoclimate are known to have had profound impacts on organisms. Moustache toads probably originated in southeast Yunnan, China, and diversified towards the northwestern of Yunnan, as well as central and eastern China. Further exploration based on three widespread species (Leptobrachium ailaonicum, L. boringii and L. liui) using demographic modelling and species distribution models revealed that mountains and river valleys in East Asia not only functioned as geographical barriers, but also provided dispersal corridors and facilitated continuous migration or post‐glacial secondary contact among moustache toad populations. Furthermore, periodic oscillation of effective population sizes accompanying fluctuations of historical temperature and population contraction at the Last Glacial Maximum support the widespread impact of climatic changes of the Pleistocene on species diversification in East Asia. This impact was moderate for populations of L. ailaonicum and L. boringii in the southwestern mountains but severe for populations of L. liui in the eastern lowland regions of continental East Asia, which is supported by different degrees of change of their effective population sizes. Our findings reveal mechanisms underlying genetic diversification among moustache toads, and highlight the power of genomic data and demographic modelling for examining complex historical population‐level processes and for understanding how geographical and palaeoclimatic factors interactively shape current intraspecific diversity.
What does it mean to trust blockchain technology?
Authors: Teng Yan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis paper argues that the widespread belief that interactions between blockchains and their users are trust‐free is inaccurate and misleading, since this belief not only overlooks the vital role played by trust in the lack of knowledge and control but also conceals the moral and normative relevance of relying on blockchain applications. The paper reaches this argument by providing a close philosophical examination of the concept referred to as trust in blockchain technology, clarifying the trustor group, the structure, and the normatively loaded nature of this trust relation. The paper ends by critically reflecting on two of the most promising values (decentralization and transparency) that can invite users’ trust in blockchain technology, arguing that there is a tension between the pressing values that are intended to be achieved by developers and the predicament situations caused by current blockchain implementations.