bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pseudoaneurysms formation with hemoptysis after thoracic aortic dissection stent implantation: a case report
Authors: Liao Sheng , Li Xiaoyang , Lu Wei , Hu Qiang , Zhang Hongkun 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Aortic dissection is a surgical emergency. It refers to a pathological change in which the blood in the aortic lumen enters the media of the aorta from the tear of the intima of the aorta, which separates the media and expands along the long axis of the aorta. This results in a pathological change in the separation of the true and false lumens of the aorta. Blood pressure and aortic middle layer disease are the main causes of aortic dissection. Thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) can successfully treat this disease. However, pseudoaneurysm formation is a common and important complication after TEVAR, and its rupture is life-threatening. Pseudoaneurysm formation can be found in patients after TEVAR, which requires reoperation.Case presentation: A 43-year-old Chinese man was hospitalized with "sudden hemoptysis with chest and back pain and fever for 4 hours. Examination in the emergency room revealed a thoracic aortic pseudoaneurysm with hematoma formation after aortic dissection stenting, which compressed the left lower lung. The patient's symptoms disappeared after a second thoracic aortogram stent implantation.Conclusions: Patients with acute aortic dissection should be treated with caution. Especially for patients with aortic pseudoaneurysm after aortic dissection stent implantation, the local arterial wall is relatively weak after stent implantation, and continuous bulging may form pseudoaneurysm. Continuous progression of pseudoaneurysm and hematomas compression of lung tissue leading to hemoptysis are relatively rare in clinical practice. If not handled in time, large-scale lung tissue necrosis and para-stent infection or asphyxia are likely to occur. In case of symptomatic pseudoaneurysm formation, aortic angiogram stent implantation should be performed in time.
A simple wall in front of the greenhouses
Authors: Ninahuaman Henry Javier , Callupe Liz Alderete , Gallardo Carlos Arauzo , Chávez Helen Olivares 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This paper compares the feasibility of a quincha wall versus a greenhouse as microclimate creation technologies under conditions of aggressive wind and extreme cold temperature. After evaluating with a completely randomised two-factor design: Type of microclimate (greenhouse and wind shear wall) and vegetable species (cabbage, coriander and lettuce) and evaluate the parameters of wind intensity, temperature, number of sprouts with the comparisons between the two factors, number of sprouts with the comparisons of means by Tukey's posthoc statistic with answers of percentage of production and luminosity, it is concluded the existence and viability of the cultivation of vegetables in frigid zones with the generation of microclimates both with greenhouse and with only a wind cutting wall when demonstrating non significant differences of simultaneous CIs of 95% of Tukey in growth, evolution of sprouts, production and quality of product by colorimetry.
Prognostic Signature and Discrimination Signature of Lung Adenocarcinoma
based on Pyroptosis-Related Genes
Authors: Chen Gang , Li Guo-Sheng , Lu Hui-Ping , Gao Li , Li Jian-Di , He Rong-Quan , Zhou Hua-Fu , Chen Shang-Wei , Liu Jun , Fu Zong-Wang , Kong Jin-Liang , Zeng Jiang-Hui , He Juan 
Published: April 2022

Background:
The clinical value of pyroptosis-related genes (PRGs) in lung adenocarcinoma
(LUAD) remains obscure.

Objective:
The study attempts to explore PRGs in LUAD, which will enable an understanding of
LUAD from the perspective of PRGs.

Method:
Lung adenocarcinoma patients were diagnosed using pathology, and their clinical information
was collected from several public databases. A PRGs prognostic signature (PPS) for LUAD
patients was established based on a multivariate Cox regression analysis. The differential expression
of PRGs was identified using standardized mean differences in 6,958 samples. The area under
the curve (AUC) was used to evaluate the predictive effects of the PPS to determine the survival
rate of LUAD patients. Decision curve analysis was utilized to assess the clinical significance of
the PPS in LUAD.

Results:
The PPS consists of five PRGs, namely CASP3, CASP9, GSDMB, NLRP1, and TNF. The
prognostic effect of the PPS is evident in all the predicted one-, three-, and five-year survival rates
(AUCs ≥ 0.58). The PPS represents an independent risk factor for the prognosis of LUAD patients
(hazard ratio > 1; 95% confidence interval excluding 1). The PPS risk score can predict the prognosis
of LUAD patients more accurately than PRGs of the PPS and multiple clinical parameters,
such as age, tumor stage, and clinical stage. The decision curve analysis revealed that the nomogram
based on the PPS and clinical parameters might result in better clinical decisions.

Conclusion:
The PPS makes it feasible to distinguish LUAD from non-LUAD. Thus, the underlying
significance of the PPS in distinguishing LUAD from non-LUAD is promising.
Abnormalities of hsa-mir-16 and hsa-mir-124 Affect Mitochondrial Function
and Fatty Acid Metabolism in Tetralogy of Fallot
Authors: Xu Li-Chun , Yu Yue , Ge Xing , Wang Lu-Shan , Wang Xu-Xu 
Published: April 2022

Background:
Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is the most common cyanotic congenital heart
disease in clinical practice. It is mainly due to cardiovascular hypoplasia during embryonic development.
The study aimed to find the etiology of TOF.

Method:
Through the mRNA expression profile analysis of the GSE35776 dataset, differentially
expressed genes (DEGs) were found, and the functional analysis and protein-protein interaction
(PPI) network analysis were then performed on DEGs. Likewise, the hub genes and functional
clusters of DEGs were analyzed using the PPI network. Differentially expressed miRNAs were analyzed
from the GSE35490 dataset, followed by miRNet predicted transcription factors (TFs) and
target genes. The key TF-miRNA-gene interaction mechanism was explored through the found
significant difference between genes and target genes.

Results:
A total of 191 differentially expressed genes and 57 differentially expressed miRNAs
were identified. The main mechanisms involved in TOF were mitochondria-related and energy metabolism-
related molecules and pathways in GO and KEGG analysis. This discovery was identical
in TFs and target genes. The key miRNAs, hsa-mir-16 and hsa-mir-124, were discovered by the
Venn diagram. A co-expression network with the mechanism of action centered on two miRNAs
was made.

Conclusion:
Hsa-mir-16 and hsa-mir-124 are the key miRNAs of TOF, which mainly regulate the
expression of NT5DC1, ECHDC1, HSDL2, FCHO2, and ACAA2 involved in the conversion of
ATP in the mitochondria and the metabolic rate of fatty acids (FA). Our research provides key
molecules and pathways into the etiology of TOF, which can be used as therapeutic targets.
Combination of Network Pharmacology and In Vitro Experiments on LPSinduced A549 Cells to Explore the Molecular Mechanisms of Huanglian Jiedu Decoction Treating Pneumonia
Authors: Yang Wenjie , Jiang Wei , Liu Jun , Zhao Xuequn 
Published: April 2022

Objective:Huanglian Jiedu decoction (HLJDD) was shown to exert therapeutic effect on pneumonia for a long time in China. However, its pharmacological mechanism remains to be elucidated.Methods:The active compounds and target proteins of HLJDD were screened from TCMSP and the targets of pneumonia were obtained from GeneCards. GO and KEGG enrichment were applied in this study. Networks were established by Cytoscape with R-Bioconductor. The affinity between components and targets were detected by molecular docking. Finally, active ingredients and targets were selected to be verified in an inflammatory model established in LPS-induced A549 cells. CCK8 proliferation assay and western blot were performed to test the relative indicators.Results:102 bioactive components and 205 targets from 4 herbs in HLJDD were collected. 68 potential therapeutic targets and 55 corresponding compounds were screened to establish the networks. 4 active compounds (quercetin, wogonin, kaempferol and baicalein) and 5 hub genes (IL6, AKT1, CXCL8, CCL2 and IL1B) were then selected to make molecular docking. The results indicated that quercetin and wogonin had better affinity with CXCL8, CCL2 or IL1B. In vitro experiments revealed that both quercetin and wogonin could decrease the proliferation inhibiting and apoptosis of A549 cells injured by LPS. The expression CXCL8, CCL2 or IL1B were down-regulated after quercetin or wogonin treating, compared with LPS-induced A549 cells (P < 0.01).Conclusion:The current study suggested that the mechanism of HLJDD treating pneumonia might be inhibiting the apoptosis through targeting the inflammatory factors mainly by quercetin and wogonin.
Amyloid-beta Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Alzheimer’s Disease:
Long Road Ahead
Authors: Dai Yuxuan , Lei Chenyi , Zhang Zhenhao , Qi Yan , Lao Kejing , Gou Xingchun 
Published: April 2022

Abstract:
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by memory impairment and cognitive decline. The obvious pathological features of AD are still amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. Development of disease-modifying treatments for AD has been challenging, with almost all drugs aborted. The amyloid cascade concept has been questioned due to the failures of various amyloid-targeting prospects. Despite this, targeting amyloid-β (Aβ) active im-munotherapy provided some positive results to support this hypothesis and clinical trials of these candidates are ongoing. In this review, we describe the latest advance in therapeutic strategies based on amyloidogenic processing and evaluate the pros and cons of each treatment strategy. We also highlight the current status of the hottest immunotherapy and discuss the future development direc-tion.
Clinical Combinatorial Treatments Based on Cancer Vaccines: Combination
with Checkpoint Inhibitors and Beyond
Authors: Zamyatnin Andrey A. , Soltani Mojdeh , Savvateeva Lyudmila V. , Ganjalikhani-Hakemi Mazdak 
Published: April 2022

Abstract:
The efficacy of the cancer vaccine is influenced by several factors, but one of the most important is the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, which can attenuate treatment ef-fects. The combination of therapeutic cancer vaccines with other immunotherapies or conventional therapeutic approaches can promote vaccine efficacy by increasing immune surveillance and tumor immunogenicity and modulating immune escape in the tumor microenvironment. Inhibitory check-points have a significant role in the modulation of anticancer immune responses, and according to preclinical and clinical trials, administration of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in combination with cancer vaccines can markedly improve their therapeutic effects, considering their low clinical efficacy. In addition, these combinatorial therapies have acceptable safety and minimal additional toxicity compared to single-agent cancer vaccines or ICIs. In this review, based on the results of previous studies, we introduce and discuss treatments that can be combined with therapeutic cancer vaccines to improve their potency. Our major focus is on checkpoint blockade therapies, which are the most well-known and applicable immunotherapies.
Flavonoids: A Reservoir of Drugs from Nature
Authors: Malla Ali Mohammed , Dar Bashir Ahmad , Isaev Abdulgalim B. , Lone Yaqoob , Banday Mudasir Rashid 
Published: April 2022

Abstract:
Flavonoids are associated with many plants and dietary foods; their chemical study has always
attracted the interest of chemists working in the area of natural products and synthetic chemistry.
Research in phytochemistry has produced many useful drugs. The analogs of flavonoids exhibit anticancer,
anti-tuberculosis, anti-diabetic, antiviral, antibacterial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative,
anti-spermatogenic, and antipsychotic activities. This review article highlights flavonoids'
significance and medicinal application and displays a comparative overview of the biological
activities of flavonoids and flavonoid derivatives. It covers almost all necessary reports for future directions
in drug discovery.
Microwave-promoted Synthesis of Novel Bioactive N-based Heterocycles
Authors: Dinodia Monica 
Published: April 2022

Abstract:
Our environment is in a continuous state of change, which, in turn, demands sustainable,
eco-friendly, and safer chemistry techniques. This, in turn, has led to the green chemistry principles
coming into the picture in recent years. Over the years, microwave heating has evolved as a green
protocol in organic synthesis. The advantages of the safe and environment-friendly MW heating approach
include a simple experimental setup, products of high purity with high yields, solvent-free reactions,
short reaction times, elimination of the side products, and a decrease in the rate of by-product
formation. Heterocycles, especially nitrogen heterocycles, are important not only because they are
present in natural products, but because they have widespread applications in pharmaceutical industries
as well. These N-heterocycles are part of many biologically active molecules. In the present review,
the focus has been laid on the developments in MW-mediated synthesis of biologically important
N-heterocycles in the last 2 years (2020-21).
Synthesis of Transition Metal-sulfur Complexes by Si-S Bond Cleavage
Authors: Renzetti Andrea , Fukumoto Kozo , Kina Aya 
Published: April 2022

Abstract:This mini-review summarizes the methods available for the synthesis of transition metalsulfur complexes, which have been used as models of metalloprotein active sites, desulfurization catalysts, and organometallic functional materials. All the methods use silicon-sulfur compounds as starting materials, exploiting the selective cleavage of Si—S bond and the subsequent incorporation of sulfur fragments into the metal complex. Mechanistic considerations are also provided. Period covered: 1968 to date.
Microbubbles Contrast Agents: General Overview as Diagnostics and
Therapeutic Agent
Authors: Gharat Shivani K. , Godiyal Shilpa C. , Malusare Pranali P. , Jadhav Kisan R. , Kadam Vilasrao J. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract:
Recent discoveries have unfolded many powerful emerging applications in the field of drug delivery science. For the past few years, ultrasound mediated microbubble contrast agents have been an emerging modality for diagnostic and drug delivery applications. Microbubbles are small spherical bubbles composed of a gas core encapsulated by a shell with different materials. The composition of the microbubble determines its stiffness, encapsulation efficiency, stability, and clearance from the system. A gas-filled microbubble, when activated by an acoustic pulse, can produce large volumetric oscillations and, once administered intravenously, can act as a cavitating nuclei, allowing for a wide range of ultrasound-assisted drug delivery applications. Microbubbles offer a fantastic approach to ultrasound triggered drug delivery with various drug loading tech-niques and targeting strategies for the uptake of bioactive substances such as polynucleotides, pro-teins, genes, and small-molecule drugs. Microbubbles can be used for several diagnostic and thera-peutic purposes for accurate detection and treatment of various life-threatening diseases.
A Review on Importance of Biodegradable Packaging for Foods and Pharmaceuticals
Authors: Shafi Huma , Bajpai Meenakshi 
Published: April 2022

Abstract:Everything we buy leaves a type of waste, particularly the packaging, which is thrown away when its contents are unpacked. One can hardly ignore the hazard plastic packaging poses to the environment. Plastic is a petroleum-based product that is a long‐term pollutant, it takes a very long time to degrade and is not fully biodegradable. The long-term development goals must incorporate protecting the environment and nonrenewable resources. Different review papers, research papers, books, book chapters, internet sources, and other relevant literature were used for writing this review paper. The finding of this review shows that in recent years, the interest of researchers has been evoked remarkably towards the development of packaging material in a more sustainable way. Biodegradable polymers such as starch, cellulose, Polylactic acid, Polycaprolactone, Polyhydroxyalkanoates, etc., have been modified to produce bio-based plastic films/materials which can replace petroleum-based plastic, thus reducing the environmental burdens associated with non-biodegradable and plastic products. Billions of tons of packaging waste are accumulating across the world and one should look for ways to incorporate materials that make less of an impact on the globe. The use of biodegradable packaging material is the solution to the problem of plastic waste accumulation as it is economically feasible and safe for our environment. Green or sustainable packaging will be possible only when eco-friendly packaging becomes a ‘must-have’ product feature.
Prioritizing Cancer lncRNA Modulators via Integrated lncRNA-mRNA
Network and Somatic Mutation Data
Authors: Zhou Dianshuang , Li Xin , Shang Shipeng , Zhi Hui , Wang Peng , Gao Yue , Ning Shangwei 
Published: April 2022

Abstract:
Background: Long noncoding RNAs (LncRNAs) represent a large category of functional RNA molecules that play a significant role in human cancers. lncRNAs can be genes modulators to affect the biological process of multiple cancers.

Methods:
Here, we developed a computational framework that uses lncRNA-mRNA network and mutations in individual genes of 9 cancers from TCGA to prioritize cancer lncRNA modulators. Our method screened risky cancer lncRNA regulators based on integrated multiple lncRNA functional networks and 3 calculation methods in network.

Results:
Validation analyses revealed that our method was more effective than prioritization based on a single lncRNA network. This method showed high predictive performance and the highest ROC score was 0.836 in breast cancer. It’s worth noting that we found that 5 lncRNAs scores were abnormally high and these lncRNAs appeared in 9 cancers. By consulting the literatures, these 5 lncRNAs were experimentally supported lncRNAs. Analyses of prioritizing lncRNAs reveal that these lncRNAs are enriched in various cancer-related biological processes and pathways.

Conclusions:
Together, these results demonstrated the ability of this method identifying candidate lncRNA molecules and improved insights into the pathogenesis of cancer.
Comprehensive Pan-cancer Gene Signature Assessment through the
Implementation of a Cascade Machine Learning System
Authors: Castillo-Secilla Daniel , Galvez Juan Manuel , Carrillo-Perez Francisco , Prieto-Prieto Juan Carlos , Valenzuela Olga , Javier Herrera Luis , Rojas Ignacio 
Published: April 2022

Background:
Despite all the medical advances introduced for personalized patient treatment
and the research supported in search of genetic patterns inherent to the occurrence of its different manifestations
on the human being, the unequivocal and effective treatment of cancer, unfortunately, remains
as an unresolved challenge within the scientific panorama. Until a universal solution for its control is
achieved, early detection mechanisms for preventative diagnosis increasingly avoid treatments, resulting
in unreliable effectiveness. The discovery of unequivocal gene patterns allowing us to discern between
multiple pathological states could help shed light on patients suspected of an oncological disease but
with uncertainty in the histological and immunohistochemical results.

Methods:
This study presents an approach for pan-cancer diagnosis based on gene expression analysis
that determines a reduced set of 12 genes, making it possible to distinguish between the main 14 cancer
diseases.

Results:
Our cascade machine learning process has been robustly designed, obtaining a mean F1 score
of 92% and a mean AUC of 99.37% in the test set. Our study showed heterogeneous over-or underexpression
of the analyzed genes, which can act as oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes. Upregulation of
LPAR5 and PAX8 was demonstrated in thyroid cancer samples. KLF5 was highly expressed in the majority
of cancer types.

Conclusion:
Our model constituted a useful tool for pan-cancer gene expression evaluation. In addition
to providing biological clues about a hypothetical common origin of cancer, the scalability of this study
promises to be very useful for future studies to reinforce, confirm, and extend the biological observations
presented here. Code availability and datasets are stored in the following GitHub repository to
aim for the research reproducibility: https://github.com/CasedUgr/PanCancerClassification.
Recent Discoveries of Nitrogen-Containing Heterocyclic Compounds as
InhA Inhibitors against Mycobacterium tuberculosis: An Overview
Authors: Gupta Pratibha D. , Tilekar Kalpana N. , Upadhyay Neha M. , C.S Ramaa 
Published: April 2022

Abstract:
It is a formidable challenge to treat tuberculosis as there are increasing cases of multidrugresistant
tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) cases. Moreover,
the emergence of totally drug-resistant tuberculosis (TDR-TB) makes it vital and imperative to
develop a new generation of anti-tubercular drugs to have control over resistance. The nitrogencontaining
heterocyclic class of compounds is being studied extensively to ascertain their anti-TB potentials.
Nitrogen-containing compounds have a broad range of targets; wherein, InhA is the most important
one. Hence, the primary focus of this review is to summarize the recent developments in the
discovery of nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds as InhA inhibitors to combat tuberculosis.
Pre-Admission Beta-Blocker Therapy and Outcomes of Coronavirus
Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, and
Meta-Regression
Authors: Kurniawan Andree , Hariyanto Timotius Ivan , Hananto Joshua Edward , Intan Denny 
Published: April 2022

Background:
Hypertension and heart failure are known risk factors for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) severity and mortality outcomes. Beta-blocker is one of the drugs of choice to treat these conditions. The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between pre-admission beta-blocker use and COVID-19 outcomes.

Methods:
PubMed and Europe PMC were used as the database for our search strategy by using combined keywords related to our aims until December 10th, 2020. All articles related to COVID-19 and beta-blocker were retrieved. Review Manager 5.4 and Comprehensive Meta-Analysis 3 software were used to perform statistical analysis.

Results:
A total of 43 studies consisting of 11,388,556 patients were included in our analysis. Our meta-analysis showed that the use of beta-blocker was associated with increased risk of COVID-19 [OR 1.32 (95% CI 1.02 – 1.70), p = 0.03, I2 = 99%, random-effect modelling], clinical progression [OR 1.37 (95% CI 1.01 – 1.88), p = 0.04, I2 = 89%, random-effect modelling], and mortality from COVID-19 [OR 1.64 (95% CI 1.22 – 2.19), p = 0.0009, I2 = 94%, random-effect modelling]. Meta-regression showed that the association with mortality outcome were influenced by age (p = 0.018) and hypertension (p = 0.005).

Conclusions:
The risk and benefits of using beta-blocker as a drug of choice to treat hypertensive patients should be put into account and reviewed individually case by case, knowing their association in higher incidence and severity of Covid-19 infections. Other first-line antihypertensive drugs may be considered as an alternative therapy if the risk of administering beta blockers outweigh the benefits in Covid-19 infection.