bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
La crise des intellectuels et ses avatars dans Les Mandarins de Simone de Beauvoir
Authors: Ledwina Anna 
Published: August 2022

À travers Les Mandarins, Simone de Beauvoir met en scène la crise qui touche les milieux intellectuels français derrière des personnages d’écrivains aux prises avec les dilemmes idéologiques et politiques de l’après-guerre. Ces personnages, réfléchissant à l’utilité de leurs œuvres, se posent la question fondamentale : « pourquoi / pour quoi écrire et agir ». Dans l’optique beauvoirienne, il y a deux positions : d’une part l’engagement, la nécessité de prendre conscience de la situation, d’agir ; d’autre part l’idée de l’autonomie de la littérature. De cette ambivalence résulteraient la défaite des attentes et des espoirs communs, le conformisme, la polarisation des valeurs ainsi que les échecs sentimentaux. L’histoire des « illusions brisées » de ce milieu permet à l’auteure de rendre compte de l’importance de la morale, de la responsabilité et de la présence d’autrui ainsi que de rejeter le conformisme et la crise des valeurs. La crise des Mandarins s’exprime par leur capacité à révéler le plus intime en l’accordant aux malaises d’une époque pour les transformer en urgences politiques et éthiques.
Digital Information and Communication Technologies: analysis of students´perceptions of a public school
Authors: Silva Zenaide Gomes da , Fürkotter Monica 
Published: August 2022

This article presents an excerpt from a Master's research which had as general objective investigating the perceptions of students from a public school about the use of Digital Information and Communication Technologies (DICT) inside and outside the school context. The research had a qualitative approach with an explanatory descriptive design, using a questionnaire with opened and closed questions for data collection. Seventy students from the 9th year of Elementary School, from morning and afternoon periods, of a public school, participated in the research. The frequencies and percentages resulting from closed questions and the categories of opened questions were analyzed using a theoretical reference on the advances of DICT, cyberspace and cyberculture, the characterization of generations and their relationship with technologies, the Common National Curriculum Base (CNCB), the DICT and the school. The results reveal that the research participants, young people of Generation Z, who have been living with technologies since they were born, present characteristics of information consumers, using the technologies as reproduction tools, contrary to what CNCB´s fifth competence indicates, namely, that students use and create DTIC to communicate, access and disseminate information, produce knowledge and solve problems. Understanding young people´s perceptions about the use of DICT may contribute to school actions that may favour the development of this competence.
Pandemic lockdown restrictions and COVID-19 hospitalization and deaths in patients with rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases
Authors: Kiadaliri Ali , Turkiewicz Aleksandra , Magnusson Karin , Methi Fredrik , Dell’Isola Andrea , Runhaar Jos , Bierma-Zeinstra Sita , Englund Martin 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: A wide range of response strategies have been implemented by different countries to slow the spread of the COVID-19 outbreak. While the effects of these strategies in the general population have been investigated, less is known about the effects of these strategies on those with pre-existing comorbid conditions including rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases (RMDs). We aimed to quantify the impact of stringent lockdown restrictions in Norway compared to Sweden on COVID-19 hospitalization/death and all-cause mortality in persons with and without RMDs. Methods: Using ICD codes from register data, individuals aged ≥35 years residing in Norway and Skåne region (Sweden) on 31st December 2019 were divided into the RMD cohort (those with any diagnosis of RMDs during January 1, 2017–January 31, 2020), and the non-RMDs cohort. We obtained daily data on the outcomes for February–May, 2020 and applied difference-in-difference and event study to estimate the causal effect of lockdown. Results: Compared with Skåne, strict lockdown in Norway was, on average, associated with 18.0 (95% CI 8.6, 27.3), 2.7 (1.5, 3.9), and 2.9 (–4.0, 9.7) fewer daily COVID-19 hospitalizations, COVID-19 death, and all-cause mortality per million persons, respectively, among individuals with RMD. Corresponding reductions were 9.1 (95% CI 4.5, 13.7), 0.9 (0.4, 1.5), and 2.9 (–3.8, 9.7) among those without RMD. Event study showed that the effects on COVID-19 hospitalization and death were evident from 1-2 weeks after lockdown implementation and onward with generally greater effects in the RMDs than the non-RMDs cohort and in older than younger individuals. Conclusion: Strict lockdown was associated with reductions in COVID-19 hospitalizations and (to a lesser extent) COVID-19 death with no essential effect on all-cause mortality. Our findings confirm effect of strict lockdown in particular among those at higher risk of COVID-19 adverse outcomes such as older persons with RMDs.
Imputation strategies for near real-time genomic prediction using nanopore sequencing
Authors: Lamb Harrison J. , Nguyen Loan T. , Copley James P. , Engle Bailey N. , Hayes Ben J. , Ross Elizabeth M. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background

Genomic prediction describes the use of SNP genotypes to predict complex phenotypes and has been widely applied in humans and agriculture species. Genotyping-by-sequencing, a method which uses low-coverage sequence data paired with genotype imputation, is becoming increasingly popular for SNP genotyping. The development of Oxford Nanopore Technologies’ (ONT) MinION sequencer has now made genotyping-by-sequencing portable and rapid. Here we evaluate the speed and accuracy of genomic predictions using low-coverage ONT sequence data in a population of cattle using four imputation approaches. We also investigate the effect of SNP reference panel size on their performance.

Results

SNP array genotypes and ONT sequence data for 64 beef heifers were used to calculate genomic estimated breeding values (GEBVs) from 641k SNP for four traits. Accuracy of the GEBVs was much higher when flanking SNP from sequence data was used to help impute the 641k panel used for genomic predictions. Using the imputation package QUILT, correlations between ONT and low-density SNP array genomic breeding values were greater than 0.91 and up to 0.97 for sequencing coverages as low as 0.1x using a panel of 48 million SNP that flanked the 641k in the prediction equation. Imputation time was significantly reduced by decreasing the number of flanking sequence SNP used in imputation for all methods. Genomic breeding values calculated using QUILT also had higher correlations to high density SNP arrays than genomic breeding values from imputed-low density arrays for coverages as low as 0.5x.

Conclusions

Here we demonstrated accurate genomic prediction is possible with ONT sequence data from sequencing coverages as low as 0.1x, and imputation time can be as short as 10 minutes per sample.
Alginate-pectin microparticles loaded with nanoemulsions as nanocomposites for wound healing
Authors: Amante Chiara , Andretto Valentina , Rosso Annalisa , Augusti Geraldine , Marzocco Stefania , Lollo Giovanna , Gaudio Pasquale Del 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

This work combines natural polymers with nanoemulsions (NEs) to formulate nanocomposites as innovative wound dressing. Spray drying has been used to produce alginate-pectin in situ gelling powders as carriers for NEs loaded with curcumin (CCM), a model antimicrobial drug. The influence of NEs encapsulation in polymer-based microparticles was studied in terms of particle size distribution, morphology, and stability after spray drying. NEs loading did not affect the size of microparticles which was around 3.5 µm, while the shape and surface morphology analyzed using scanning electron microscope (SEM), changed from irregular to spherical. Nanocomposites as dried powders were able to form a gel in less than 5 minutes when in contact with simulated wound fluid (SWF), while the value of moisture transmission of the in situ formed hydrogels allowed to promote good wound transpiration. Moreover, rheologic analyses showed that in situ formed gels loaded with NEs appeared more elastic than blank formulations. The in situ formed gel allowed the prolonged release of CCM-loaded NEs in the wound bed, reaching 100% in 24 hours. Finally, powders cytocompatibility was confirmed by incubation with keratinocyte cells (HaCaT), proving that such nanocomposites can be considered a potential candidate for wound dressings.
The Use of a Self-driven Vehicle in Industry 4.0: A Case Study Applied to an Agribusiness Company
Authors: MACIEL HIGOR HENRIQUE CORREA , CATAPAN MARCIO , MARQUES ALESSANDRO 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Industry 4.0, also called the Fourth Industrial Revolution, brings technologies into the manufacturing environment. One of them is the usage of auto guided vehicles - AGV - to ensure greater agility, dynamism and organization in the operation in an industrial environment. This work presents a case study in a large agricultural machinery assembler in the region of Curitiba. Also, it is proposed a methodology to guarantee a smooth analysis, implementation and validation of the technology. From the studies presented in this document, it is possible to verify a considerable loss in manpower, due to the idleness of the operator and its resources, such as the conveyor cart, as well as layout restrictions and supply models. Using practices from the Lean Manufacturing philosophy, strategies were defined on how to reduce these losses by replacing idle labor with the aforementioned autonomous vehicles. The results demonstrate significant financial gains in a relatively low payback time: a 22% reduction in operating costs with a payback
Factors influencing the power of polygenic risk score: a survey based on a genotype array dataset of an ulcerative colitis cohort
Authors: Liu Ling , Wu Yiming , Jing Runyu , Li Yizhou , Li Menglong 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
BackgroundPolygenic risk scores (PRSs) are personalized assessments based on the cumulative effect of a larger number of genetic variants, and the PRS has been utilized to estimate the risk of a disease or disease-related trait for an individual. However, the capability of PRS can be interfered with by multiple factors spanning from the generating genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary to the PRS calculation. In this study, based on a large cohort of 2,781 ulcerative colitis (UC) cases and 2,876 healthy controls with available genotype array data, we systematically analyzed factors that could affect the power of PRS, including GWAS summary statistics, population stratification, impact of variants and imputation reference panels.ResultsWe eventually established the best model achieving an AUC of 0.715 (95% CI 0.702-0.729) in prediction using 2,669 UC cases and 2,846 healthy controls of genetically identified Europeans. And samples in the top 5% of the PRS distribution had more than seven times higher risk of UC than samples in the lowest 95% (OR=7.014, 95% CI 4.977-9.884).ConclusionOur analyses demonstrated that including population-specific, more associated SNPs and selecting GWAS summary statistics results from similar population structure can improve the power of PRS, strictly following the principle of focusing on one population in all aspects of generating PRS, which can be a cost-effective way to apply genotype array-derived PRS to practical risk estimation.
Biodiesel production from municipal waste using lipase catalysis
Authors: VENTER ROELF Jacobus , Marx S. , Merwe J.B. van der 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

As biocrude exhibits inferior properties for it to be used as a high-value fuel, upgrading is needed. Thermochemical upgrading methods prove to be the most successful in terms of oxygen removal and stabilisation of biocrude; however, heavy organics in biocrude have the tendency to polymerise upon thermal treatment. This results in catalyst deactivation and coking during hydrotreatment of biocrude. Chemical upgrading, such as conventional esterification at mild reaction conditions, is also ineffective as the esterification reaction is incomplete due to the carboxylic acid-water equilibrium reaction. In this study, the enzymatic upgrading route was evaluated by studying the conversion of fatty acids to methyl esters in the biocrude. A fatty acid conversion of 94.6 mass % at 30 ֯C was obtained, showing that moisture and other components present in biocrude do not have a negative effect on fatty acid esterification using lipase catalysis. The difference in oil-to-oil molar ratio between 1:2 and 1:18 is not significant due to the presence of hydroxyl groups in the oil which contributes to the esterification reaction. No heavy fraction formation was observed in the boiling curves which is an indication that no significant coking occurred. Although the fuel value of the produced biodiesel at 34.9 MJ/kg is lower than that of petroleum fuel, the biodiesel in this study can be used in blends for heating, cooking and electricity generation applications.
An adaptive dead zone compensation control method for EHAs under low-speed conditions
Authors: Zhou Fengqi , Sun Maowen , Liu Hao , Ouyang Xiaoping , Xu Lilin , Yao Yeming , Yang Huayong 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

This paper proposes an accurate dead zone compensation control method for electro-hydrostatic actuators (EHAs) under low-speed conditions. Specifically, the nonlinear dead zone characteristics under low-speed conditions are summarized based on many EHA experiments. Then, an adaptive compensation function (ACF) for the dead zone is constructed. Next, based on the established EHA model, this paper proposes an adaptive dead zone compensation control method for EHAs by combining ACF with the virtual decomposition controller (VDC). The stability of the proposed control method is also proved. Finally, the proposed control method is verified by the EHA platform. Test results show that the dead zone trajectory tracking error of EHA is significantly reduced when combined with ACF. Furthermore, since most EHAs are controlled by adjusting the motor speed, the method presented in this paper is simpler and easier to use than methods that employ flow compensation.
A multi-reference parent nested-association mapping population to dissect the genetics of quantitative traits in durum wheat
Authors: Alahmad Samir , Kang Yichen , Dinglasan Eric , Jambuthenne Dilani , Robinson Hannah , Tao Yongfu , Able Jason A. , Christopher Jack , Voss-Fels Kai P. , Bassi Filippo M. , Hickey Lee T. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L.) breeding programs face many challenges surrounding the development of stable varieties with high quality and yield. Therefore, researchers and breeders are focused on deciphering the genetic architecture of biotic and abiotic traits with the aim of pyramiding desirable traits. These efforts require access to diverse genetic resources, including wild relatives, germplasm collections, and mapping populations. Advances in accelerated generation technologies have enabled the rapid development of mapping populations with significant genetic diversity. Here, we describe the development of a durum Nested Association Mapping (dNAM) population, which represents a valuable genetic resource for mapping the effects of different alleles on trait performance. We created this population to understand the quantitative nature of drought-adaptive traits in durum wheat. We developed 920 F6 lines in only 18 months using speed breeding technology, including the F4 generation in the field. Large variation in above- and belowground traits was observed, which could be harnessed using genetic mapping and breeding approaches. We genotyped the population using 13,393 DArTseq markers. Quality control resulted in 6,785 high-quality polymorphic markers used for structure analysis, linkage disequilibrium decay, and marker-trait association analyses. To demonstrate the effectiveness of dNAM as a resource for elucidating the genetic control of quantitative traits, we took a genome-wide mapping approach using the FarmCPU method for plant height and days to flowering. These results highlight the power of using dNAM as a tool to dissect the genetics of durum wheat traits, supporting the development of varieties with improved adaptation and yield.
TNFα-dependent mTOR activity is required for tenotomy-induced ectopic ossification in mice
Authors: Kushima Yu , Sato Yuiko , Kobayashi Tami , Matsumoto Morio , Nakamura Masaya , Iwamoto Takuji , Miyamoto Takeshi 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Ectopic ossifications often occur in skeletal muscles or tendons following local trauma or internal hemorrhage, and occasionally cause severe pain that limits activities of daily living. However, mechanisms underlying their development remain unknown. Here we show that dissection of the Achilles tendon promotes ectopic ossification at dissection sites in wild-type mice. We observed mTOR activation at dissection sites, and development of ectopic ossification was significantly inhibited by administration of rapamycin, an mTOR inhibitor, to wild-type mice. Moreover, administration of the histamine 2 blocker cimetidine, which reportedly inhibits ectopic ossification in tendons, was not effective in inhibiting ectopic ossification in our models. The inflammatory cytokine TNFα reportedly stimulates mTOR signaling, and we show that TNFα-expressing F4/80-positive macrophages accumulate at dissection sites and that ectopic ossification of the Achilles tendon dissection was significantly inhibited in TNFα-deficient mice in vivo. We also show that ectopic ossification is significantly inhibited by administration of either celecoxib or loxoprofen, both anti-inflammatory agents, in wild-type mice. Finally, we report that mTOR activation by Achilles tendon tenotomy is inhibited in TNFα-deficient mice. Thus, the TNFα-mTOR axis could be targeted therapeutically to prevent trauma-induced ectopic ossification in tendons.
Ionic liquid combined with bile acid pathway for oral delivery of rhGH
Authors: zhou jie , Li Shengnan , Zhang Jin , Luo Fusui , Sun Yiwen , Guan Min , Ma HUili , Liu Qian 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Oral absorption and room temperature storage remain two major challenges limiting the bioavailability of recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) due to the need to overcome the unfavorable gastrointestinal environment and resist temperature effects on rhGH structure, Therefore, we designed a multifunctional nanoplatform to address both problems simultaneously. The carrier consists of PLGA, ionic liquid (IL) and deoxycholic acid (DCA). In this nanosystem, IL acts as a green non-toxic solvent and helps the nanoparticles to open tight junctions between cells, and acts as a room temperature protectant to improve the room temperature stability of rhGH. Endogenous DCA as a ligand increases intestinal absorption of nanoparticles through receptor-mediated endocytosis. The nanoparticles have the following advantages: 1) Protects rhGH in the gastrointestinal tract from being degraded by gastric acid and proteases. 2) The absorption of rhGH in intestinal tract was increased and its bioavailability was enhanced. 3) The storage time of rhGH at room temperature was prolonged. These materials are cheap, readily available and easily synthesized and these studies provide a basis for the clinical application of rhGH.
Generalized daily reference evapotranspiration models based on a hybrid optimization algorithm tuned fuzzy tree approach
Authors: Roy Dilip Kumar , Sarkar Tapash Kumar , Biswas Sujit Kumar , Datta Bithin 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Reference evapotranspiration (ET0) is an important driver in managing scarce water resources and making decisions on real-time and future irrigation scheduling. Therefore, accurate prediction of ET0 is crucial in water resources management. In this study, the prediction of ET0 was performed employing several optimization algorithms tuned Fuzzy Inference System (FIS) and Fuzzy Tree (FT) models, for the first time, whose generalization capability was tested using data from other stations. The FISs and FTs were developed through parameter tuning using Genetic Algorithm (GA), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Pattern Search (PS), and their combinations. The FT was developed by combining several fuzzy objects that received ranked meteorological variables. A total of 50 FIS and FT models were developed and the model ranking was performed utilizing Shannon’s Entropy (SE). Evaluation outcomes revealed the superiority of the hybrid PSO-GA tuned Sugeno type 1 FT model (with R = 0.929, NRMSE = 0.169, accuracy = 0.999. NS = 0.856, and IOA = 0.985) over others. For evaluating the generalization capability of the models, three different parts of datasets (all-inclusive, 1st half, and 2nd half) of the five test stations were evaluated. The proposed model performed similarly well, according to the findings, on the datasets of the test stations and that the proposed model developed using Sugeno type 1 FT provided superior performance. The study concluded that the proposed optimization algorithm tuned Sugeno type 1 FT approach which was composed of several standalone FIS objects was suitable for predicting daily ET0 values.
Using AHP-PROMOTHEE for selection of best Low-Impact Development designs for urban flood mitigation
Authors: DadrasAjirlou Yashar , Karami Hojat , Mirjalili Seyedali 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In this study, in addition to studying the effects of several LID schemes on urban flood control, the Analytic Hierarchy Process-Preference Ranking Organization Method for Enrichment Evaluation (AHP-PROMETHEE) combination method has been used to select the best design. This paper investigates the drainage system in Golestan town of Semnan under a 5-year return period. The LID methods have been selected based on the region's conditions and available facilities. Then Rain Barrel (RB), Permeable Pavement (PP), and Infiltration Trench (IT) were considered as LID methods. Seven scenarios with the names RB, PP, IT, IT-PP, IT-RB, PP-RB, and IT-PP-RB have been considered to provide the best LID usage combination. Four analytical ranking criteria were selected for the ranking procedure, including implementation cost, hydraulic performance, environmental impact during implementation, and ease of implementation. Then the weight of these criteria was obtained using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). Finally, after determining the weight criteria, the LID designs were ranked using the Preference Ranking Organization Method for Enrichment Evaluation (PROMETHEE) method. The results of hydraulic studies indicate the effectiveness of the PP-RB scenario with an average reduction of 90% of peak discharge and an average reduction of 80% of total flood volume. Also, the weakest performance is related to the IT scenario, with an average decrease of 60% of peak flow and 47% of total flow volume. AHP-PROMETHEE analysis showed that the simultaneous use of RB and IT with a coverage percentage of 5% and a cost of $ 57,710 reduced the total volume by 51.54% and the peak discharge by 48.8% compared to the results of the current system. According to AHP-PROMETHEE, IT-RB-5 is the best project proposed among the 70 projects studied. This study showed that the AHP-PROMETHEE method could be used as a practical method to choose from several LID schemes for flood control.