bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluating clinician‐led quality improvement initiatives: A system‐wide embedded research partnership at Stanford Medicine
Authors: Vilendrer Stacie , Saliba‐Gustafsson Erika A. , Asch Steven M. , Brown‐Johnson Cati G. , Kling Samantha M.R. , Shaw Jonathan G. , Winget Marcy , Larson David B. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIntroductionMany healthcare delivery systems have developed clinician‐led quality improvement (QI) initiatives but fewer have also developed in‐house evaluation units. Engagement between the two entities creates unique opportunities. Stanford Medicine funded a collaboration between their Improvement Capability Development Program (ICDP), which coordinates and incentivizes clinician‐led QI efforts, and the Evaluation Sciences Unit (ESU), a multidisciplinary group of embedded researchers with expertise in implementation and evaluation sciences.AimTo describe the ICDP‐ESU partnership and report key learnings from the first 2 y of operation September 2019 to August 2021.MethodsDepartment‐level physician and operational QI leaders were offered an ESU consultation to workshop design, methods, and overall scope of their annual QI projects. A steering committee of high‐level stakeholders from operational, clinical, and research perspectives subsequently selected three projects for in‐depth partnered evaluation with the ESU based on evaluability, importance to the health system, and broader relevance. Selected project teams met regularly with the ESU to develop mixed methods evaluations informed by relevant implementation science frameworks, while aligning the evaluation approach with the clinical teams' QI goals.ResultsSixty and 62 ICDP projects were initiated during the 2 cycles, respectively, across 18 departments, of which ESU consulted with 15 (83%). Within each annual cycle, evaluators made actionable, summative findings rapidly available to partners to inform ongoing improvement. Other reported benefits of the partnership included rapid adaptation to COVID‐19 needs, expanded clinician evaluation skills, external knowledge dissemination through scholarship, and health system‐wide knowledge exchange. Ongoing considerations for improving the collaboration included the need for multi‐year support to enable nimble response to dynamic health system needs and timely data access.ConclusionPresence of embedded evaluation partners in the enterprise‐wide QI program supported identification of analogous endeavors (eg, telemedicine adoption) and cross‐cutting lessons across QI efforts, clinician capacity building, and knowledge dissemination through scholarship.
Design and energy research of terahertz optical systems for cell stimulation
Authors: Ma Guochao , Guan Luyang , Liu Luyin , Liu Ruzhang , Cai Enlin , Wang Shuying 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTerahertz technology has its unique advantages in the field of biomedicine and is increasingly used in modern medical applications. In this study, to research the responding of biological tissues (cells or nerve nuclei) to various terahertz energy stimulation, an automatic terahertz energy control optical system is designed. The ray tracing simulation of the selfdesigned optical lens model is conducted and the results show that the system can achieve the focusing arrangement within 90 mm and control the strength of terahertz energy on image plane. In addition, an automatic control system with nanometer‐level precision is designed using a stepper motor subdivision scheme to coordinate with the image plane (target point) energy and morphology adjustment. Then biomedical experiments based on this system are carried out. Through adjusting the system, terahertz intensity on cells is changed, so that the cells show various cell viabilities. The optimized experimental results show that the terahertz energy automatic control optical system designed in this study is qualified for terahertz energy irradiation research with biological cells.
Temperature sensor based on micro‐nano fiber coated with ZnO composite graphene
Authors: Song Mingxin , Shao Bingqian , Zheng Peng , Shen Tao 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA simple temperature sensor based on ZnO composite graphene is demonstrated. With the temperature changes, the electron mobility of ZnO composite graphene changes accordingly, which leads to an effective change in the refractive index of ZnO composite graphene. Experimental results show that micro‐nano fiber coated with spherical ZnO composite graphene exhibits a higher sensitivity of 0.018 dB/°C in the temperature range of 25–60°C. Overall, the results verify the effectiveness of the proposed temperature sensor in accurate temperature measurement and offer a new, unique, and convenient direction for temperature sensing.
Improved SCRLH ZOR‐based compact microstrip bandpass filter with wide upper stopband
Authors: Zeng Xiangui , Gong Jianqiang , Li Xin , Liang Feifei 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA novel compact microstrip bandpass filter (BPF) based on an improved simplified composite right‐/left‐handed (SCRLH) zeroth‐order resonator (ZOR) is presented in this paper. The improved SCRLH ZOR (ISZOR) can substantially simplify the filter configuration and shrink the filter size as well as ensure a wide upper stopband. A certain orientation of two ISZORs allows a larger gap to produce the specified interstage capacitive coupling, easing the requirement for fabrication precision. Starting from the purely lumped circuit model, the microstrip ISZOR is efficiently generated by utilizing the implicit space mapping technique, with which the microstrip BPF is then constructed and optimized by the Nelder–Mead simplex algorithm. A three‐pole filter with a center frequency of 3.1 GHz and a relative bandwidth of 5% is exemplified to illustrate the design process. The measurement shows that the filter is of good bandpass selectivity, with a transversal size reduction of more than 64% compared to a former counterpart and a rejection level better than 30 dB up to 11.76 GHz (close to 4f0).
An intelligent reflecting surfaces based iterative PhC‐MIMO system for atmospheric optical channels
Authors: Wang Yuequan , Zhou Xiaolin , Wu Yaoyang , Wang Han , Li Yifan , Tian Pengfei , Xiu Sirui 
Published: August 2022

AbstractOptical intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) is regarded as a forward‐looking technology to deal with line‐of‐sight limitations in optical wireless communications. This paper proposes an iterative photon counting nonorthogonal multiple access‐multiple‐input–multiple‐output (NOMA‐MIMO) system based on optical IRS. By analyzing the geometric and misalignment losses under turbulence effect in the optical IRS‐based atmospheric channel, we construct the channel fading coefficient matrix of the NOMA‐MIMO system. At the receiver, a novel iterative parallel interference cancellation algorithm based on logarithmic likelihood ratio is developed for signal detection. Through the simulation of bit error rate (BER), the reliability of the proposed system is proved. Quantitatively, the BER performance can achieve at the dBJ per bit for the scenario of MIMO system. Furthermore, the numerical results of the external information transfer process indicated that the proposed system has a rapid convergence performance.
Wideband and dual‐polarized Twin Hilbert curve antennas for capsule endoscopy
Authors: Güreş Emre , Kılınç Sedat , Shayea Ibraheem , Ferhanoğlu Onur 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn this study, we design a pair of third‐order conformal Hilbert curve antennas for use in capsule endoscopy at three different bands (Industrial, Scientific, and Medical [ISM]), especially at 433 MHz, 915 MHz, and 2.45 GHz. The antennas are placed orthogonally with respect to each other, offering dual linear polarization characteristics, which have been highlighted in literature as the most robust communication link between a roaming transmitting capsule within the GI tract and the receiver antenna. The robustness of the link depends on (i) invariance of linear polarization with the position and orientation of the roaming transmitter, as well as (ii) tolerance of linearly polarized fields to depolarization effects when penetrated through the body. The antennas were manufactured on polyimide substrate, which was wrapped around a 3D‐printed capsule volume. Both antennas were measured inside bovine muscle tissue and the obtained results have been compared with the simulated results to validate the performance of the propose solution. The presented results showed that, the return loss characteristics and the measured bandwidth, for both antennas inside bovine muscle tissue, have matched with the simulated results. To the best of our knowledge, these demonstrated antennas are the first designed capsule antennas to address three ISM bands with dual linear polarization. The designed antennas can be adapted for clinical use with further development.
Nursing care for persons with developmental disabilities: Review of literature on barriers and facilitators faced by nurses to provide care
Authors: Khanlou Nazilla , Khan Attia , Kurtz Landy Christine , Srivastava Rani , McMillan Shirley , VanDeVelde‐Coke Susan , Vazquez Luz Maria 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAimsTo identify barriers and facilitators to nursing care of individuals with developmental disabilities (DDs).BackgroundIndividuals with DDs experience health disparities. Nurses, although well positioned to provide optimal care to this population, face challenges.DesignNarrative review of extant published peer‐reviewed literature.Data SourcesElectronic databases, ProQuest and EBSCO, were searched for studies published in English between 2000 and 2019.Review MethodsThree reviewers reviewed abstracts and completed data extraction. Knowledge synthesis was completed by evaluating the 17 selected studies.ResultsEmerging themes were: (1) barriers and challenges to nursing interventions; (2) facilitators to nursing care; and (3) recommendations for nursing education, policy and practice.ConclusionNursing has the potential to be a key partner in supporting the health of people with DDs.ImpactThere is a need for specific education and training, so nurses are better equipped to provide care for people with DDs.
In situ growth of ZnO on carbon nanospheres and its properties in natural rubber
Authors: Lei Zhiqiang , Wu Yankang , Tang Liping , Chen Jian 
Published: August 2022

AbstractCarbon Nanospheres (CNs) are nano‐carbon materials. In order to expand their application fields, this study applies them to rubber fillers. In this study, CNs were prepared by vapor deposition method in a high temperature tube furnace. After acidification of CNs, ZnO was grown in situ on the surface of CNs. CNs@ZnO/NR composite was prepared by traditional mechanical blending method. The experimental results showed that the ZnO nanoparticles were adsorbed on the surface of CNs, resulting in a strong interfacial interaction with the CNs. In the composite material, the hybrid is uniformly dispersed in the rubber matrix under the influence of its own many factors, thereby improving the cross‐linking effect of the composite material. Compared with the ZnO/NR composite, the modulus at 100%, 200%, and 300% elongation of NR composites are increased by 40.3%, 30.6%, 23.3%, and 9.6% respectively, maintaining the elongation at break of the composites. At the same time, the rigidity of the composite material is increased, the cross‐linking efficiency is improved, and the crosslinking density of the composite material is greatly improved. Compared with ZnOC/NR composite, CNs@ZnO/NR composite maintained better wet‐skid properties. The CNs in the CNs@ZnO can inhibit the agglomeration of ZnO nanoparticles, which can better improve the vulcanization rate and crosslinking density, and is an efficient vulcanization activator. This study provides a simple synthetic route for ZnO nanofillers for the preparation of high‐performance natural rubber composites.
Low‐velocity impact response of halloysite nanotube reinforced glass/epoxy multi‐scale composite. Part 1: Dynamic loading performance
Authors: Özer Mahmut , Kaybal Halil Burak 
Published: August 2022

AbstractOne of the biggest obstacles to fiber‐reinforced composite laminates is out‐of‐plane dynamic loading. Specifically, low‐velocity impact loading in an out‐of‐plane direction leads to matrix cracking, delamination, and fiber breakage damages due to weak fiber–matrix interactions. This paper aims to examine the dynamic loading behavior of nano reinforced glass/epoxy composite laminates under various impact energies. Moreover, to enhance fiber–matrix interaction, halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) with lower cost among the nanotube morphologies such as carbon and TiO2 were introduced to the epoxy matrix. The impact performance and the damage propagation were also investigated. As a result, the HNT‐reinforced multiscale composite sample had 28% more impact load carrying capacity and absorbed 18% less energy than its unmodified counterpart. Image processing was utilized to determine the damage evaluation by analyzing both front and back surfaces. The improvement of the fiber–matrix interface with HNTs reinforcement resulted 59% and 46% less damage to the front and back damage surfaces, respectively. The acquired results were supported by macro‐size examination and micro‐size analyzing via scanning electron microscopy (SEM). These results pave the way towards designing fiber reinforced composites to be utilized for the transportation of dangerous liquids such as acids or solvents.
Antidepressant exposures associated with exploratory behavior among young children reported to United States poison control centers, 2000–2020
Authors: Francis Matilda , Spiller Henry A. , Badeti Jaahnavi , Casavant Marcel J. , Michaels Nichole L. , Zhu Motao , Smith Gary A. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPurposeThis study investigates characteristics and trends of antidepressant exposures among children <6 years old related to exploratory behavior reported to US poison control centers.MethodsUsing data from the National Poison Data System for 2000–2020, population‐based annual exposure rates by sex, antidepressant category, serious medical outcome, and health care facility admission were analyzed and odds ratios to assess associations of exposure type and antidepressant category with medical outcome and admission were calculated.ResultsThere were 215 909 first‐ranked unintentional exploratory exposures involving antidepressants among children <6 years old during the study period, averaging 10 281 annually. Most cases were <3 years old (77.8%), involved a single substance (86.9%), and did not receive treatment at a health care facility (57.6%); however, 7.9% were admitted and 3.4% had serious medical outcomes, including 13 deaths. SSRIs were involved in 56.9% of all cases. Compared with SSRIs, bupropion (OR: 5.22, 95% CI: 4.68–5.82), TCAs (OR: 3.74, 95% CI: 3.44–4.07), SNRIs (OR: 2.39, 95% CI: 2.11–2.71), and lithium salts (OR: 2.00, 95% CI: 1.63–2.46) were more likely to be associated with a serious medical outcome. TCAs were the first‐ranked substance in 7 of the 13 deaths.ConclusionsAlthough most unintentional antidepressant exposures related to pediatric exploratory behavior were inconsequential, an important minority of cases required admission to a HCF or had a serious medical outcome, including 13 deaths. Therefore, increased efforts to prevent these exposures among young children are needed, including public education and improved medication packaging.
A successful treatment of a lobar atelectasis in a patient with cystic fibrosis
Authors: Daccò Valeria , Sciarrabba Calogero Sathya , Corti Fabiola , Rosazza Chiara , Malfitano Anna , Borzani Irene , Colombo Carla 
Published: August 2022

AbstractLobar atelectasis may be a complication of pulmonary exacerbations in cystic fibrosis (CF). There are no established guidelines on the management of this condition in patients with CF. Therapeutic bronchoscopy with recombinant human deoxyribonuclease (rhDNase) instillation has been described to be successful in patients not responding to conservative measures. We describe a case of a young man with CF, with previously mild impaired lung function, presenting with cough, desaturation, and worsening dyspnea, persisting for over 6 weeks, despite conservative therapy. Thoracic imaging showed right lower lobe atelectasis, which was successfully treated with bronchoscopy and instillation of rhDNase. Long‐term resolution of the atelectasis was confirmed with chest magnetic resonance imaging follow‐up.
Pulmonary edema in a pediatric cancer patient after anesthetic induction
Authors: Mota Bárbara , Curval Ana Rita , Silva Sónia , Ferraz Catarina , Graça Maria Inês , da Silva Nuno Pereira , Azevedo Inês 
Published: August 2022

AbstractNegative pressure pulmonary edema (NPPE) in the context of anesthesia is a rare condition, although pediatric patients are at higher risk. This case stands out for the severe respiratory clinic that quickly developed in a child with a cancer history whose radiological and clinical presentation suggested multiple differential diagnoses, including tumor recurrence with metastasis or pulmonary tuberculosis. NPPE is a well‐described, but a probably underrecognized clinical syndrome, that occurs after intense inspiratory effort against an obstructed airway. In clinical practice, when unexplained pulmonary edema takes place, NPPE should be considered in the differential diagnosis. NPPE usually has a favorable prognosis but pediatricians, radiologists, and anesthesiologists should be aware of this complication.
High‐Pressure Crystal Structures of Pb2CO4 and PbC2O5 with Tetrahedral [CO4] and Pyrocarbonate [C2O5] atomic groups
Authors: Banaev Maksim V. , Sagatov Nursultan E. , Sagatova Dinara N. , Gavryushkin Pavel N. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe search of the stable intermediate compounds in the system PbO−CO2 have been performed using crystal structure prediction technique in the pressure range of 0–50 GPa. Stable structures were found for the compositions Pb2CO4 and PbC2O5. The earlier known oxy‐carbonate Pb2CO4‐P212121 was shown to transform at 10 GPa into another oxy‐carbonate Pb2CO4‐Pnma and than at 22 GPa – into the sp3‐hybridized orthocarbonate with the same symmetry. PbC2O5 became thermodynamically stable at almost 10 GPa in the form of the pyrocarbonate structure P21/c. At 35–45 GPa, PbC2O5‐P21/c transforms into PbC2O5‐Fdd2 with the framework of [CO4] tetrahedra. Another energetically favorable, although dynamically unstable, pyrocarbonate structure PbC2O5‐P
was found in the narrow pressure interval around 10 GPa. We suggest that some analogue of this structure can appear in experiment. One structure, sp3‐hybridized Pb2CO4‐Pnma, is dynamically and thermally stable at ambient pressure, and therefore can be decompressed and extracted from the high‐pressure environment.
Novel Derivatives of 4,6‐Dihydroxy‐2‐Quinolone‐3‐Carboxamides as Potential PI3Kα Inhibitors
Authors: Sweidan Kamal , Elfadel Hussein , Sabbah Dima A. , Bardaweel Sanaa K. , Hajjo Rima , Anjum Shabana , Sinoj Jithna , Nair Vidhya A. , Abu‐Gharbieh Eman , El‐Huneidi Waseem 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT) pathway is a crucial pathway in cancer pathogenesis. Novel derivatives of 4,6‐dihydroxy‐2‐quinolone‐3‐carboxamides were synthesized as potential PI3Kα inhibitors. Derivatives’ chemical identity was approved using 1H‐NMR, 13C‐NMR, FTIR, and MS. Cytotoxicity was evaluated on the breast (MCF‐7) and colon cancer (HCT‐116) cell lines using the CCK8 assay. Apoptosis was assessed by Annexin‐PI staining. Western blotting was employed to assess the expression of BcL2, Bax, and the phosphorylation status of AKT. Data revealed that compounds exhibited a dose‐response cytotoxic effect. Compounds 8 b and 8 f showed the lowest IC50 on all cell lines and highest apoptosis levels that were associated with lower BcL2/Bax ratios. Western blot results showed a significant inhibition of pAKT in the treated cells, which could be attributed to PI3Kα inhibitory effects of 8 b and 8 f. In conclusion, our findings indicate that 8 b and 8 f are drug‐like chemical compounds that possess promising anticancer effects.
The system‐process view of life from the perspective of systems science and its enlightenment to artificial life
Authors: Zhang Wangjun , Fan Dongping 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe development of systems science has provided a new interdisciplinary approach to understanding the nature of life. General system theory, developed by Bertalanffy, understands life as open, dynamic and autonomous systems. The self‐organisation theory, represented by Prigogine, takes life as a self‐organising process‐structure that obtains sufficient negative entropy by exchanging material and energy with the environment. The complex adaptive system theory proposed by Holland and others understands life as adaptive process‐systems. Krakauer's information theory of individuality construes life as a process in which ordered information propagates forward with time. By highlighting the processual dimensions of the afore‐mentioned approaches, we propose the ‘system‐process view of life’, which underscores that life is not only a structural whole, but also a functional–processual whole. The system‐process view of life provides new inspirations for the replicator hypothesis of artificial life and the new basis for the discussion of the ontological status of artificial life.
Coupling Transition Metal Catalysts with Ir for Enhanced Electrochemical Water Splitting Activity
Authors: Yang Xin , Liu Yan , Guo Ruike , Xiao Jiafu 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDeveloping advanced electrocatalysts is of great significance for boosting electrochemical water splitting to produce hydrogen. The electrocatalytic activity of a catalyst is associated with the surface/interface, geometric structure, and electronic properties. Coupling Ir with transition metal compounds is an effective strategy to improve their electrocatalytic performance. In this review, we summarize the recent progress of Ir coupled transition metal compound catalysts for the application in driving electrochemical water splitting. The significant role of Ir played in the promotion of electrocatalytic performance is firstly illustrated. Then, the applications of Ir‐based catalysts in the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) are comprehensively discussed, with an emphasis on correlating the structure‐function relationships. Lastly, the challenges and future directions for the fabrication of more advanced Ir coupled electrocatalysts are also presented.
The Cultural Theory and Model of Suicide for Youth
Authors: Chu Joyce , O’Neill Sam E. , Ng Juliana F. , Khoury Oula 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis chapter identifies key guidelines and opportunities for the incorporation of cultural considerations into youth suicide prevention, assessment, and intervention. Cultural factors and principles from the Cultural Theory and Model of Suicide (Chu et al., 2010) are extended to ethnic, gender, and sexual minority youth, to identify cultural factors that are more salient or more strongly related to suicide risk for youth populations. Research supports a downward extension of the Cultural Theory and Model of Suicide for minority youth, with its three theoretical principles and four factors of cultural sanctions, idioms of distress, minority stress, and social discord. Specific youth-related risk factors within these four factors are specified, including academic stress, family rejection, intergenerational conflict, and experiences of peer rejection, victimization, and bullying due to the youth’s minority identities. Integration of these key cultural factors is important for culturally responsive suicide prevention and practice across diverse youth populations. Best practices for infusing cultural considerations and suggestions for future research are highlighted.