bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH SENAM PROLANIS TERHADAP PENURUNAN KADAR GULA DARAH PADA LANSIA DI PUSKESMAS DOLAT RAYAT KABUPATEN KARO TAHUN 2020
Authors: Purba Rentawati , Arianto Adi 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

In Indonesia, diabetes mellitus continues to show a significant increase in cases each year.The development of various degenerative diseases are currently very rapidly. Degenerative diseases are usually referred to diseases that accompany the aging process.Blood sugar levels are a form of carbohydrate metabolism that serves as the main energy source is isontrolled by insulin. Diabetes occurs due to increased blood sugar levels or hyperglycemia due to insulin deficiency. The World Health Organization (WHO) states that cases of diabetes mellitus in 2015 reached 415 million cases of adults with diabetes. It is due to never stretching joint muscles such as aerobic exercise or jogging, it is necessary to do prolanis gymnastics.The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of prolanis exercise on reducing blood sugar levels in the elderly at the DolatRayat Health Center in Karo District. The type of research is a pre-experimental design with pre and post test one group design. The population of this study was 40 people. The number of samples in this study were 40 people with saturated sample techniques (total sampling). Data were analyzed by using paired sample t-test. The results showed that there was an effect of Prolanis exercises on reducing blood sugar levels in the elderly at the Dolat Rayat Health Center in Karo District, where a p-value obtained 0.000 <0.05. Therefore, it is expected that the results of the research can be additional information for Public Health Centre and related institutions to continue promoting this program.
Effect of 7E ınstructional strategy on the achievement and retention of students in bıology in public secondary schools in Adamawa State, Nigeria
Authors: Abdullahi Shuaibu , Asniza Ishak Nor , Muzirah Musa 
Published: April 2022

The abstract should be in Palatino Linotype as the font type, 9 pt., between 150-250 words. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the 7E instructional strategy on the achievement and retention of SS II (11th grade) Biology students in public secondary schools in Nigeria. Intact classes of 60 students were randomly selected and denoted as the experimental group, which was taught with the 7E instructional strategy, and the control group, which was taught using the traditional, teacher-centered instruction methods. The data were collected via Biology Achievement in Respiration Test (BART), and analyzed using descriptive statistics and Independent Samples t-test for both variables. The results of the independent-sample t-test for the post-test scores indicated a significant value of p < 0.05 for the achievement variable. Similarly, the statistic indicated a p < 0.05 for students’ retention, when taught by the 7E instructional approach. The implication of these findings suggest that the adoption of the 7E instructional approach enhances students’ achievement in Biology. The findings also imply that students are able to remember what they were taught, after a time lapse, which enhances their chance of passing examinations. The retention test was administered a month after the post-test.
Pengawasan Orde Baru Terhadap Eks-Tahanan Politik PKI Di Sumatera Barat
Authors: Patra Haldi , Anatona Anatona , Narny Yenny 
Published: April 2022

Abstrak: Artikel ini membahas tentang pengawasan Pemerintah Orde Baru Indonesia terhadap eks-tahanan politik PKI di Provinsi Sumatera Barat. Para eks-tapol itu ditangkap setelah peristiwa G30S dan dilepaskan pada secara bertahap pada 1970-an. Tujuan dari artikel ini adalah untuk menjelaskan mengapa Orde Baru mengawasi mereka dan bagaimana pola pengawasan pemerintah Orde Baru terhadap para eks-tahanan politik itu di Provinsi ini. Artikel ini menggunakan metode sejarah, yaitu; heuristik, kritik sumber, interpretasi dan historiografi. Penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa terdapat lebih dari 40.000 orang tahanan politik di provinsi ini. Pengawasan terhadap mereka dilaksanakan oleh berbagai instansi pemerintahan dan dilakukan secara terstruktur dan sistematis. Otoritas memegang semua data eks-tapol tersebut agar memudahkan proses pemantauan mereka. Dengan begitu, Orde Baru dapat mencegah kebangkitan kembali PKI dan komunisme di Indonesia. Sebagai rezim yang berkuasa, Orde Baru dapat menjalankan program karena ia memiliki otoritas. Namun pengawasan ini juga memberikan dampak bagi kehidupan eks-tahanan politik itu karena membatasi ruang gerak mereka.Kata Kunci: PKI, eks-Tahanan, Politik, Sumatera, Barat, Orde, Baru. Abstract: This article examines the New Order's supervision of ex-PKI political prisoners in West Sumatra. They were arrested after the G30S incident and were released in the 1970s. The purpose of this paper is to explain why the New Order supervised them and how the New Order government's supervision patterns of the ex-political prisoners in West Sumatra Province. This paper historical method. There are four steps in this method; heuristics, source criticism, interpretation, and historiography. This research shows that there are more than 40,000 political prisoners in this province. This Surveillance had carried out by various government agencies and carried out in a structured and systematic manner. The authorities held all the data of the ex-political prisoners. Thus it made it easier for the process to monitor them. The New Order could prevent the revival of the PKI and communism in Indonesia. As the governing regime, the New Order had the authority to run its programs. However, this policy affected the ex-political prisoner's lives because it the limitation that resulted from that policy. Keywords: PKI, ex-Political, Prisoner, West, Sumatera, Orde, Baru.
Metabolism and Transport of P Nutrient in the Rhizosphere Zone in Acidic Soils
Authors: Sri Ratmini Niluh Putu 
Published: April 2022

Acidic soils are characterized by low soil pH and high solubility of iron and aluminum affecting the availability of P to be low. The P concentration in the soil solution around the rhizosphere will be influenced by the presence and metabolism of plant roots. Plants get P in the form of inorganic phosphate anion (Pi) from soil solution. Exudate will affect the activity of microorganisms in rhizosphere and rhizoplan. This paper aimed to review the factors that affect P metabolism in the rhizosphere region. Some of the factors that influence the P metabolism in the rhizophir region are pH, root exudates, microorganisms, temperature, and humidity. Nutrient transformation in the rhizosphere was very narrow. Several things affecting the P transformation include temperature, humidity regime, oxygen, pH and ion availability, sunlight, and CO2. In the soil deficient in P, the plant roots undergo adaptation through changes in root morphology. The P availability in acid soils can be increased by the integration of plants with phosphate solubilizing bacteria or fungi. It is hoped that an understanding of P metabolism in the rhizosphere can determine a more efficient P management effort.
Potential to Increase Production and Income of Farmers of Freshwater Swamp Riceland in Gandus District, Palembang Regency
Authors: Novayanti Yusni , Yamin M 
Published: April 2022

Gandus District, Palembang Regency has 1,017.255 hectares of rice fields, most of which are spread in Pulokerto Village, which was a rice field with a freshwater swamp typology. Statistical data shows that rice productivity in Palembang Regency (4.4 tons/ha) was still low when compared to South Sumatra Province rice productivity (4.89 tons/ha) and national rice productivity (5.13 tons/ha). The writing of this article aimed to provide an overview of the potential for increasing the production and income of farmers in Gandus District, Palembang Regency. The potential for increased production can be analyzed by considering the productivity gap between rice productivity in Palembang Regency, provincial and national rice productivity, with intensification to increase productivity and increasing planting intensity to increase planted area. Agricultural intensification can be done through the use of superior seeds, proper fertilization, control of plant pests and diseases, and counseling to convey innovation and technology. Meanwhile, increasing cropping intensity by improving the irrigation system. With the increase in productivity and planting intensity, it can contribute to increasing the income and welfare of farmers in Pulokerto Village, Gandus District, Palembang Regency.
A Comparison of Citation Sources for Reference and Citation-Based Search in Systematic Literature Reviews
Authors: bin Ali Nauman , Tanveer Binish 
Published: April 2022

Context: In software engineering, snowball sampling has been used as a supplementary and primary search strategy. The current guidelines recommend using Google Scholar (GS) for snowball sampling. However, the use of GS presents several challenges when using it as a source for citations and references.
Objective: To compare the effectiveness and usefulness of two leading citation databases (GS and Scopus) for use in snowball sampling search.
Method: We relied on a published study that has used snowball sampling as a search strategy and GS as the citation source. We used its primary studies to compute precision and recall for Scopus.
Results: In this particular case, Scopus was highly effective with 95% recall and had better precision of 5.1% compared to GS’s 2.8%. Moreover, Scopus found nine additional relevant papers. On average, one would read approximately 15 extra papers in GS than Scopus to identify one additional relevant paper. Furthermore, Scopus supports batch downloading of both citations and papers’ references, has better quality metadata, and does better source filtering.
Conclusion: This study suggests that Scopus seems to be more effective and useful for snowball sampling than GS for systematic secondary studies attempting to identify peer-reviewed literature.
Plaskett 1.8 m Observations of Starlink Satellites
Authors: Boley Aaron C. , Wright Ewan , Lawler Samantha , Hickson Paul , Balam Dave 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
We present observations of 23 Starlink satellites in the g′ bandpass, obtained from the Dominion Astrophysical Observatory’s Plaskett 1.8 m telescope. The targets include a mixture of satellites with and without brightness mitigation measures (i.e., visors). At the time of the observations (2021 July 16), Starlink satellites were sunlit throughout the night, and, even with strict elevation and azimuth limits, there were over 800 candidate Starlink arcs. The satellites altogether have a median range corrected brightness (550 km) of

H

¯

g

550

=
5.3

mag. Dividing the targets into those without and with visors, their median range corrected magnitudes are

H

¯

g

550

(
no

visor
)
=
5.1

and

H

¯

g

550

(
visor
)
=
5.7

mag, respectively. While the visor sample is dimmer in aggregate, the range corrected brightness distribution ranged from

H

g

550

=
4.3

mag to 9.4 mag. The two brightest satellites have similar H

g

550 to within the uncertainty, but one is visored and the other nonvisored. The dimmest satellite we observed is one without mitigations. The intrinsic brightness dispersion among the full sample is σ

g
= 0.5 mag.
Minidisk Accretion onto Spinning Black Hole Binaries: Quasi-periodicities and Outflows
Authors: Combi Luciano , Lopez Armengol Federico G. , Campanelli Manuela , Noble Scott C. , Avara Mark , Krolik Julian H. , Bowen Dennis 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
We perform a full 3D general relativistic magnetohydrodynamical (GRMHD) simulation of an equal-mass, spinning, binary black hole approaching merger, surrounded by a circumbinary disk and with a minidisk around each black hole. For this purpose, we evolve the ideal GRMHD equations on top of an approximated spacetime for the binary that is valid in every position of space, including the black hole horizons, during the inspiral regime. We use relaxed initial data for the circumbinary disk from a previous long-term simulation, where the accretion is dominated by a m = 1 overdensity called the lump. We compare our new spinning simulation with a previous non-spinning run, studying how spin influences the minidisk properties. We analyze the accretion from the inner edge of the lump to the black hole, focusing on the angular momentum budget of the fluid around the minidisks. We find that minidisks in the spinning case have more mass over a cycle than the non-spinning case. However, in both cases we find that most of the mass received by the black holes is delivered by the direct plunging of material from the lump. We also analyze the morphology and variability of the electromagnetic fluxes, and we find they share the same periodicities of the accretion rate. In the spinning case, we find that the outflows are stronger than the non-spinning case. Our results will be useful to understand and produce realistic synthetic light curves and spectra, which can be used in future observations.
A Study on the X-Ray Pulse Profile and Spectrum of the Crab Pulsar Using NICER and Insight-HXMT's Observations
Authors: Yan Lin-Li , Tuo You-Li , Ge Ming-Yu , Lu Fang-Jun , Zheng Shi-Jie , Wang Ling-Jun 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
We analyze the energy dependence of the X-ray pulse profile and the phase-resolved spectra (PRS) of the Crab pulsar using observations from the Neutron star Interior Composition Explorer (NICER) and the Hard X-ray Modulation Telescope (Insight-HXMT). We parameterize the pulse profiles and quantify the evolution of these parameters in the broad energy band of 0.4–250 keV. A log-parabola function is used to fit the PRS in 2–250 keV, and the curvature of the spectrum, i.e., the evolution of the photon index with energy, as represented by the parameter β of the log-parabola model, also changes with phase. The relation of β and phase has two turning points slightly later than those of the pulse intensity profile, where the values of β are the lowest, suggesting that the energy-loss rate of the particles is the lowest in the corresponding regions. A three-segment broken-power-law model is also used to fit those PRS. The differences between the hard spectral index and the soft ones have a distribution similar to that of β, confirming the fitting results of the log-parabola model, while the broken energies are generally higher in the region bridging the two pulses. We find anticorrelations between the spectral indices and the curvature of the log-parabola model fitting and a similar anticorrelation between the spectral indices and broken energies of the broken-power-law model fitting, suggesting a scenario where the highest-energy particles are produced in regions where radiation energy loss is strongest.
Multiphase ISM in the z = 5.7 Hyperluminous Starburst SPT 0346–52
Authors: Litke Katrina C. , Marrone Daniel P. , Aravena Manuel , Béthermin Matthieu , Chapman Scott C. , Dong Chenxing , Hayward Christopher C. , Hill Ryley , Jarugula Sreevani , Malkan Matthew A. , Narayanan Desika , Reuter Cassie A. , Spilker Justin S. , Sulzenauer Nikolaus , Vieira Joaquin D. , Weiß Axel 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
With ΣSFR ∼ 4200 M
⊙ yr−1 kpc−2, SPT 0346–52 (z = 5.7) is the most intensely star-forming galaxy discovered by the South Pole Telescope. In this paper, we expand on previous spatially resolved studies, using ALMA observations of dust continuum, [N ii] 205 μm, [C ii] 158 μm, [O i] 146 μm, and undetected [N ii] 122 μm and [O i] 63 μm emission to study the multiphase interstellar medium (ISM) in SPT 0346–52. We use pixelated, visibility-based lens modeling to reconstruct the source-plane emission. We also model the source-plane emission using the photoionization code cloudy and find a supersolar metallicity system. We calculate T
dust = 48.3 K and λ
peak = 80 μm and see line deficits in all five lines. The ionized gas is less dense than comparable galaxies, with n

e
< 32 cm−3, while ∼20% of the [C ii] 158 μm emission originates from the ionized phase of the ISM. We also calculate the masses of several phases of the ISM. We find that molecular gas dominates the mass of the ISM in SPT 0346–52, with the molecular gas mass ∼4× higher than the neutral atomic gas mass and ∼100× higher than the ionized gas mass.
The MASSIVE Survey. XVII. A Triaxial Orbit-based Determination of the Black Hole Mass and Intrinsic Shape of Elliptical Galaxy NGC 2693
Authors: Pilawa Jacob D. , Liepold Emily R. , Delgado Andrade Silvana C. , Walsh Jonelle L. , Ma Chung-Pei , Quenneville Matthew E. , Greene Jenny E. , Blakeslee John P. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
We present a stellar dynamical mass measurement of a newly detected supermassive black hole (SMBH) at the center of the fast-rotating, massive elliptical galaxy NGC 2693 as part of the MASSIVE survey. We combine high signal-to-noise ratio integral field spectroscopy (IFS) from the Gemini Multi-Object Spectrograph with wide-field data from the Mitchell Spectrograph at McDonald Observatory to extract and model stellar kinematics of NGC 2693 from the central ∼150 pc out to ∼2.5 effective radii. Observations from Hubble Space Telescope WFC3 are used to determine the stellar light distribution. We perform fully triaxial Schwarzschild orbit modeling using the latest TriOS code and a Bayesian search in 6D galaxy model parameter space to determine NGC 2693's SMBH mass (M
BH), stellar mass-to-light ratio, dark matter content, and intrinsic shape. We find

M

BH

=

1.7
±
0.4

×

10

9

M

⊙

and a triaxial intrinsic shape with axis ratios p = b/a = 0.902 ± 0.009 and

q
=
c

/

a
=

0.721

−
0.010

+
0.011

, triaxiality parameter T = 0.39 ± 0.04. In comparison, the best-fit orbit model in the axisymmetric limit and (cylindrical) Jeans anisotropic model of NGC 2693 prefer

M

BH

=

2.4
±
0.6

×

10

9

M

⊙

and

M

BH

=

2.9
±
0.3

×

10

9

M

⊙

, respectively. Neither model can account for the non-axisymmetric stellar velocity features present in the IFS data.
Chemical Variations Across the TMC-1 Boundary: Molecular Tracers from the Translucent Phase to the Dense Phase
Authors: Chen Long-Fei , Li Di , Quan Donghui , Zhang Xia , Chang Qiang , Li Xiaohu , Xiao Lin 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
We investigated the chemical evolutions of gas-phase and grain-surface species across the Taurus molecular cloud-1 (TMC-1) filament from the translucent phase to the dense phase. By comparing observations with modeling results from an up-to-date chemical network, we examined the conversion processes for the carbon-, oxygen-, nitrogen-, and sulfur-bearing species, i.e., from their initial atomic form to their main molecular reservoir form both in the gas phase and on the grain surface. The conversion processes were found to depend on the species and A

V
. The effect of initial carbon-to-oxygen elemental abundances ratio (C/O) by varying O on the chemistry was explored, and an initial carbon elemental abundance of 2.5 × 10−4 and a C/O ratio of 0.5 could best reproduce the abundances of most observed molecules at TMC-1 CP, where more than 90 molecules have been identified. Based on the TMC-1 condition, we predicted a varied grain ice composition during the evolutions of molecular clouds, with H2O ice as the dominant ice composition at A

V
> 4 mag, CO2 ice as the dominant ice composition at A

V
<4 mag, while CO ice severely decreased at A

V
around 4–5 mag.
Accurate Metallicities for Very Metal-poor Stars from the Ca ii Infrared Triplet
Authors: Osorio Yeisson , Aguado David S. , Prieto Carlos Allende , Hubeny Ivan , González Hernández Jonay I. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The Ca ii H and K lines are among the few features available to infer the metallicity of extremely metal-poor stars from medium-resolution spectroscopy. Unfortunately, these lines can overlap with absorption produced in the intervening interstellar medium, introducing systematic errors in the derived metallicities. The strength of the Ca ii infrared triplet lines can also be measured at extremely low metallicities, and it is not affected by interstellar absorption, but it suffers significant departures from local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE). We investigate the feasibility of adopting the Ca ii infrared triplet as a metallicity indicator in extremely metal-poor stars using state-of-the art non-LTE models including the most recent atomic data. We find that the triplet lines exhibit non-LTE abundance corrections that can exceed 0.5 dex. When interstellar absorption affecting the Ca ii resonance lines is accounted for using high-resolution observations, the agreement between non-LTE abundances for the triplet and those for the resonance lines, with only minor departures from LTE, is excellent. Non-LTE effects strengthen the Ca ii IR triplet lines, facilitating measurements at very low metallicities, compared with LTE estimates, down to [Fe/H] = −6.0. This result has important implications for the discovery of primitive stars in our Galaxy and others, since instruments are most sensitive at red/near-infrared wavelengths, and tens of millions of spectra covering the Ca ii IR triplet will soon become available from the Gaia, DESI, WEAVE, and PFS missions.
The CAMELS Multifield Data Set: Learning the Universe’s Fundamental Parameters with Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Villaescusa-Navarro Francisco , Genel Shy , Anglés-Alcázar Daniel , Thiele Leander , Dave Romeel , Narayanan Desika , Nicola Andrina , Li Yin , Villanueva-Domingo Pablo , Wandelt Benjamin , Spergel David N. , Somerville Rachel S. , Zorrilla Matilla Jose Manuel , Mohammad Faizan G. , Hassan Sultan , Shao Helen , Wadekar Digvijay , Eickenberg Michael , Wong Kaze W. K. , Contardo Gabriella , Jo Yongseok , Moser Emily , Lau Erwin T. , Machado Poletti Valle Luis Fernando , Perez Lucia A. , Nagai Daisuke , Battaglia Nicholas , Vogelsberger Mark 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
We present the Cosmology and Astrophysics with Machine Learning Simulations (CAMELS) Multifield Data set (CMD), a collection of hundreds of thousands of 2D maps and 3D grids containing many different properties of cosmic gas, dark matter, and stars from more than 2000 distinct simulated universes at several cosmic times. The 2D maps and 3D grids represent cosmic regions that span ∼100 million light-years and have been generated from thousands of state-of-the-art hydrodynamic and gravity-only N-body simulations from the CAMELS project. Designed to train machine-learning models, CMD is the largest data set of its kind containing more than 70 TB of data. In this paper we describe CMD in detail and outline a few of its applications. We focus our attention on one such task, parameter inference, formulating the problems we face as a challenge to the community. We release all data and provide further technical details at https://camels-multifield-dataset.readthedocs.io.