bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Computed tomography perfusion (CTP) in primary lung cancer: Results from a tertiary care centre
Authors: Arimbrakkunnan Mufeed , Garg Pawan K. , Khera Pushpinder S. , Sureka Binit , Elhence Poonam , Pareek Puneet , Chauhan Nishant Kumar , Yadav Taruna 
Published: May 2022

Context:
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the world. Computed tomography perfusion (CTP) parameters can be used to evaluate the vascular flow dynamics of lung tumours. We set out to evaluate the CTP parameters in lung cancer and correlate them with histopathological subtype and other characteristics of patients with Lung Cancer.

Settings and Design:
This prospective study was conducted at a tertiary care referral hospital in western India.

Methods:
Between January 2019 and July 2020, CTP was performed in 46 patients of lung cancer with histopathological confirmation. The CTP parameters were evaluated in detail and correlated with histopathological subtypes, staging and immunohistochemistry (IHC) markers. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) test, receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve, Box and whiskers plot graph and Pearson correlation tests were used for statistical analysis.

Results:
The most common subtype was adenocarcinoma (AC) in 21 patients, followed by squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in 15 patients and others in 10 patients. Statistically significant difference in blood flow (BF) (f = 5.563, P = 0.007), blood volume (BV) (f = 3.548, P = 0.038) and permeability/flow extraction (FE) (f = 3.617, P = 0.036) were seen in different histopathological subtypes of lung cancer. BF is the main perfusion parameter for differentiation of AC from SCC. P63 positive lesions showed statistically significant lower BF, BV and FE parameters compared to P63 negative lesions (P = 0.013, 0.016 and 0.014, respectively). Different T stages showed statistically significant differences in BF (f = 3.573, P = 0.037), BV (f = 5.145, P = 0.010) and in FE (f = 4.849, P = 0.013).

Conclusion:
CTP is a non-invasive imaging method to assess the vascular flow dynamics of the tumours that may predict the histopathological subtypes in lung cancer. It can be used to target large-sized lesions during biopsy and to predict the chemotherapy response.
Comparison of clinical, biochemical, and polysomnographic parameters between obese and nonobese obstructive sleep apnea
Authors: Reddy Sekhar , Koul Parvaiz A. , Bhat Moomin Hussain , Shah Sanaullah , Ganie Mohd Ashraf 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) occurs in both obese and nonobese individuals. This study was designed to compare clinical, metabolic profile, and polysomnographic parameters among obese and nonobese OSA patients.

Material and Methods:
This cross-sectional retro-prospective study involved 148 OSA patients. OSA patients were classified as nonobese (body mass index [BMI] <27.5 kg/m2) and obese (BMI ≥27.5 kg/m2) to determine the influence of BMI on its risks, clinical, metabolic, and polysomnographic parameters. For statistical comparisons, continuous variables were analyzed by Student’s t-test and categorical variables by Chi-square.

Results:
Of 148 patients, 106 patients were of a retrospective group and 42 in the prospective group. 116 patients were obese and 32 were nonobese with a mean BMI of 33.66 ± 5.3 versus. 25.17 ± 2.2 kg/m2 respectively. Female sex (70.7% vs. 43.4%), larger neck circumference (37.99 ± 3.93 vs. 33.67 ± 5.5 cm), loud snoring (94.8% vs. 81.3%), excessive daytime sleepiness (53.4% vs. 9.4%), fatigability (94.8% vs. 75%), high Epworth Sleepiness Scale score (16% vs. 8%), and hypertension (77.6% vs. 46.9%) were significantly (P < 0.05) more common among obese OSA patients while as smoking and sedative use was more prevalent among nonobese OSA group. However, no significant difference in median apnea-hypopnea index and severity of OSA between obese and nonobese group was observed. At the same time, the median oxygen desaturation index was significantly higher in obese patients (26.1 vs. 12.7, P = 0.005).

Conclusion:
Nonobese OSA patients depicted less severe disease symptoms and thus require high index of suspicion for early identification due to associated cardiovascular risk.
A study of the diagnostic utility of the complement activation product C4d in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of patients with bronchogenic carcinoma
Authors: Rashash Nadia E. , El-Kolally Reham M. , Ahmed Amira Y. , Farahat Amgad Abd-El Raoof 
Published: May 2022

Background
Molecular markers may improve the diagnosis of lung cancer. In the past few years, multiple biomarkers have been detected in bronchial lavage fluids and tissues of patients with lung cancer.

Aim
The present prospective case–control study aimed to evaluate the role of complement activation product (C4d) as a diagnostic aid for bronchogenic carcinoma and to predict its diagnostic levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and in sputum supernatant of patients diagnosed with lung cancer.

Patients and methods
The study included 40 patients. They were classified into two groups: group 1 represented lung cancer group (which was diagnosed in this study by histopathological examination), which consisted of 25 patients and group 2 represented control group with nonmalignant chest diseases, which consisted of 15 patients. Clinical assessment, bronchoscopy, measurement of C4d in BALF and in sputum supernatant, and measurement of total protein in BALF were performed for all studied participants.

Results
C4d in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), C4d in sputum supernatant, and total protein in BAL were significantly higher in the lung cancer group compared with the control group.

Conclusion
C4d in BAL and sputum as well as total protein in BAL can be used as a diagnostic aid in patients with bronchogenic carcinoma compared with other lung diseases with moderate sensitivity and specificity.
Assessment of subfoveal choroidal thickness after uneventful phacoemulsification in diabetic patients
Authors: Eldeep Tasneem F. , Nawar Amin E. , Atef Mohammed S. , Abo El-Enin Mostafa A. 
Published: May 2022

Background
Phacoemulsification is an intraocular surgery that may worsen preexisting retinal diseases by inducing inflammation in the posterior segment of the eye. It is related to interleukin-1β expression and genes’ upregulation in both retina and choroid. Choroid imaging with enhanced depth imaging (EDI) facilitated choroidal thickness measurement.

Aim
The aim was to assess the changes in subfoveal choroidal thickness following uncomplicated phacoemulsification in diabetic patients − without retinopathy − using EDI of spectral-domain optical coherence tomography.

Patients and methods
This prospective observational study included 60 eyes of 60 patients who underwent cataract extraction by phacoemulsification, subdivided into two groups, the first group was 30 eyes of patients had diabetes with no retinopathy, the second one was 30 eyes of nondiabetic healthy patients as a control. Using EDI-spectral-domain optical coherence tomography, subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) was evaluated 1 week preoperatively and 1 month postoperatively.

Results
The mean age of both groups was 59.033±9.072 and 58.200±8.235, respectively. In group I, mean preoperative SFCT was 194.600±27.523 µm and 1 month postoperatively was 207.100±27.530 µm. In group II, mean preoperative SFCT was 191.233±17.520 µm and 1 month postoperatively was 193.133±17.085 µm. Regarding operative time and phaco power, in group I, mean time was 12.583±2.051 min and mean power was 28.900±12.645%, whereas in group II, mean time was 11.667±1.845 min and mean power was 22.333±7.849%.

Conclusion
Phacoemulsification induces nonsignificant nonpathological increase in SFCT with the presence of diabetes as a systemic disease but without local diabetic changes in the eye; however, a significant difference was observed between patients with and without diabetes as regards SFCT.
A study of diagnostic utility of annexin A1 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of patients with bronchogenic carcinoma
Authors: Shepl Samar S. , Ganna Salwa A. , Hodeib Hossam A. , Abd El-Zaher Ayman H.F. 
Published: May 2022

Background
Annexin A1 is implicated in multiple types of cancer, but few researches have studied its job in lung cancer.

Aim
The aim of the study was to enumerate annexin A1 levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and sera of lung cancer patients and patients with benign lung diseases and to evaluate its role as a diagnostic aid for lung cancer.

Patients and methods
This prospective analytic controlled case study was performed in Chest Department, Tanta University Hospitals, on 40 patients. The patients were split into two groups: group 1 included 20 patients with bronchogenic carcinoma, group 2 included 20 patients having nonmalignant lung diseases of known etiologies. Clinical assessment, demographic data, and routine investigations were done to all patients. Annexin A1 expression in BALF and serum was examined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Results
Annexin A1 levels were higher in BALF and sera of lung carcinoma patients than those of the control group. Positive correlation was present between annexin A1 level in BALF and serum and advanced clinical stages of lung cancer and between BALF annexin A1 level and its level in serum.

Conclusion
High annexin A1 level in BALF was related to advanced clinical stage of lung carcinoma and in a positive correlation with serum annexin A1. High sensitivity and specificity of BALF annexin A1 for detection of lung carcinoma showed that it deemed to be a molecular biomarker for lung cancer prognosis and diagnosis.
Hemostatic system changes among diabetic foot ulcer patients
Authors: Zamzam Mohamed L.H. , Hodeib Hossam Abd El-Mohsein , Elbedewy Tamer A. , EL-Ahwal Loai M.M. 
Published: May 2022

Background
There are many reports about hemostatic changes in patients with diabetic foot ulcer (DFU). There are some reports about changes in the platelet morphology in patients with DFU. The goal of this research was to see whether platelet indices and hemostatic status might be used as predictors of DFU.

Aim
We aimed to assess the changes in the hemostatic system (hemostatic state and platelet indices) among patients with DFU.

Patients and methods
A total of 80 individuals were included in the study. They were divided into three groups: group 1 represented 20 diabetic patients without diabetic ulcer, group 2 represented 40 patients with known DFU, group 3 represented 20 normal healthy individuals. Laboratory investigations included fasting blood glucose level, kidney function tests (urea and creatinine), glycosylated hemoglobin, complete blood count including platelet count and platelet indices (platelet distribution width, mean platelet volume, plateletcrit, and platelet larger cell ratio), prothrombin time, international normalized ratio, activated partial thromboplastin time, and FVIII.

Results
Platelet indices (platelet distribution width, mean platelet volume, plateletcrit, and platelet larger cell ratio) were significantly greater in patients with DFU compared with other groups (P=0.0001), and FVIII was also significantly higher in patients with DFU compared with other groups (P=0.0001).

Conclusion
Diabetes is linked to a prothrombotic propensity as well as a hypercoagulable condition. Platelet indices indicate that patients with DFU have extra-reactive and aggregable platelets. Platelet indices could be used as an easy and cheap method for prediction and progression of DFU.
Choroidal assessment in diabetic maculopathy
Authors: Wasef Lilian S.F. , Wasfy Tamer El-Sayed , El-Koddousy Mona S. , El-Koumy Hamdy Abd El-Azim 
Published: May 2022

Background and aim
Diabetic maculopathy is a leading cause of visual loss in diabetic patients. The choroid is the outer retina's primary source of oxygen and nourishment and the only blood supply to the avascular fovea. Angiopathy of the choroid seems to have a role in the pathophysiology and progression of diabetic maculopathy. It has been theorized that unexplained visual acuity loss in diabetic patients might be linked to diabetic choroidopathy. The aim of this study was to evaluate choroidal changes in eyes with diabetic maculopathy using optical coherence tomography.

Patients and methods
In all, 20 eyes of 10 normal individuals and 94 eyes of 50 diabetic patients suffering from diabetic maculopathy were recruited in this study. The diabetic patients were categorized according to the type of maculopathy as demonstrated by fluorescein angiography into four subgroups: the focal edema group, the diffuse edema group, the ischemic maculopathy group, and the mixed maculopathy group. Choroidal thickness was measured subfoveally, 1 mm away from the fovea nasally, temporally, superiorly, and inferiorly using optical coherence tomography.

Results
There was a significant difference among the different groups in all the measured regions (P=0.001). The more severe the maculopathy, the thinner the choroid in all the measured regions.

Conclusion
The results of this study suggest a negative relationship between macular choroidal thickness and severity of diabetic maculopathy.
Case Report: Plantar Cyst Caused by Phaeoacremonium inflatipes in an Immunocompetent Male, Resolving with Combination Potassium Iodide and Itraconazole Therapy
Authors: Sandhu Jaspriya , Kohli Jaismine Kaur , Gupta Sunil Kumar , Gupta Veenu 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT.
Phaeohyphomycosis is a subcutaneous mycosis presenting as verrucous or ulcerated plaques/nodules/cysts. We report here, a case of cystic plantar phaeohyphomycosis in a 72-year-old immunocompetent male. On examination, an asymptomatic, skin colored, firm-to-soft, fluctuant, cystic lesion was seen over the left forefoot. Aspirate of lesion yielded velvety grayish–brown colonies on fungal culture, with septate, branched, phaeoid hyphae with lateral and terminal conidiophore noted on microscopic examination, and identified as Phaeoacremonium inflatipes. Due to the ongoing pandemic and advanced age, the patient declined surgical intervention and we started him on a supersaturated solution of potassium iodide (SSKI) (starting at 5 drops thrice a day and gradually increasing 1 drop per day to 20 drops thrice a day) and itraconazole (100 mg twice daily) in combination. An encouraging response was seen at 6 weeks, with complete resolution at 6 months follow-up. We report this case for the unusual fungus isolated (i.e., P. inflatipes) as well as a robust response to a combination of SSKI and itraconazole. In cases where patients refuse or are unfit for surgical excision, this combination maybe an effective therapeutic alternative.
Efektivitas Token Economy Dalam Meningkatkan Ketahanan Duduk Pada Anak ADHD
Authors: Syukria Elgo , Rahmahtrisilvia Rahmahtrisilvia 
Published: May 2022

Siswa yang dikategorikan Attention deficit hyperaktivity disorder (ADHD) memiliki masalah ketahanan duduk dalam proses pembelajaran yang ditunjukan dengan serinya meninggalkan kursi tempat duduknya. Pada penelitian ini, dilakukan modifikasi perilaku menggunakan metode token economy dalam meningkatkan ketahanan duduk anak dengan kategori ADHD. Jenis penelitian menggunakan Single Subject Research dengan subjek anak ADHD dengan gejala hyperaktive. Penelitian ini menerapkan desain A1-B-A2 untuk mengetahui durasi ketahanan duduk anak sebelum diberi intervensi, saat diberi, dan setelah diberi intervensi menggunakan token economy dalam waktu 30 menit proses pembelajaran. Dari penelitian menggunakan desain A1-B-A2, didapatkan (A1) sebanyak empat kali diperoleh skor 0%, (B) sebanyak enam kali diperoleh skor 66,66%, dan (A2) sebanyak lima kali dan diperoleh skor 60%. Dengan demikian, konsep A1-B-A2 menggunakan token economy efektif dalam meningkatkan ketahanan duduk anak ADHD kelas I di MI No. 41/E3 SEMERAP.
Legitimasi dan Komunikasi Kebijakan Pendidikan
Authors: Kumala Nur'aini Dewi , Setiawan Farid , Munauwarah Rahmadin , Wulandari Eni , Tramidzi Tramidzi 
Published: May 2022

Kebijakan lahir bersamaan dengan meningkatnya jumlah penduduk dan kompleksitas keinginan, antarmuka dan tuntutan hidup. Konsep legitimasi berkaitan dengan sikap masyarakat terhadap kewenangan. Legitimasi adalah pemberian wewenangan untuk membuat dan melaksanakan keputusan sebagai bentuk pengesahan dari masyarakat. Dalam hal ini jika dikaitkan dengan berlakunya kebijakan pendidikan, maka kebijakan pendidikan tersebut dikatakan terlegitimasi atau berlaku setelah mendapat pengakuan dari masyarakat dan dari dinas terkait. Bentuk pengakuan masyarakat atas kebijakan antara lain dengan pengesahan, dengan demikian setelah rumusan kebijakan tersebut absah, maka kebijakan tersebut dapat diberlakukan.
Antibacterial activity of Trigonella Foenum- groecum essential oil against skin infection with Staphylococcus aureus: In vitro and in vivo studies
Authors: Abu-Raghif Ahmed Rahma 
Published: May 2022

Background: Multi- drug resistant (MDR) Staphylococcus aureus infections have become a major public health concern in both hospital and community settings.Objective: to investigate the antibacterial activity of T. Foenum- groecum essential oil against skin infection with S. aureus and to study probable synergistic activity in combination with Clindamycin.Type of the study: Cross-sectional study.
Methods: Antibacterial activity of T. Foenum- groecum essential oil extract (1.2gm/100 µl) was investigated in multi- drug resistance (MDR) Staphylococcus aureus specimen isolated from patients with skin infection in Baghdad. T. Foenum- groecum use externally for cellulites and skin inflammation due to the presence of diosgenin .fast liquid chromatography was used to separate these components. Results: Antibiotics combinations revealed that T. Foenum- groecum essential oil with Clindamycin against MDR isolates of S. aureus showed a synergistic effect when used as 1/4 MIC for each antimicrobial. In vivo study was executed to determine antibacterial activity of these compounds by induction of skin infection with Staphylococcus aureus in mice and the treatment begun after 4hrs later and continue to seven days then skin biopsy was taken and sent for histopathological examination.
Conclusions: According to the results of this study, we can conclude that T. Foenum- groecum essential oil has remarkable antistaphylococcal activity. Combination of T. Foenum-groecum essential oil with Clindamycin was more effective than Clindamycin alone in treatment of skin infection with Staphylococcus aureus.
Reliability Analysis of Multi-Hardware–Software System with Failure Interaction
Authors: John Yakubu Mandafiya , Sanusi Abdullahi , Yusuf Ibrahim , Modibbo Umar Muhammad 
Published: May 2022

The effect of hardware and software plays a critical role in achieving high device reliability. Failure to communicate with hardware and software can be responsible for a short life and low system operation. The failure of the corresponding hardware is one factor contributing to the program’s failure and vice versa. Hardware and software reliability research activities and failure encounters are being undertaken, and hardware and software reliability models are being proposed. The reliability study of a multi-hardware–software system with hardware–software–hardware, hardware–software–software, software–hardware–software, and software–hardware–software failure interaction receives less attention. This paper analyzes the reliability of a multi-hardware–software system whose failure is classified into hardware–software–hardware, hardware–software–software, software–hardware–software, and software–hardware–hardware. The failure and repair time of the running hardware–software and standby hardware–software is assumed to be exponentially distributed. Differential difference equations are built and resolved to derive explicit formulations for profit, mean time to failure, and steady-state availability. In addition, some significant results are presented in the graphs and tables.

Received: 18 April 2022 | Revised: 22 May 2022 | Accepted: 29 May 2022

Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work.
O COMPORTAMENTO E A PERCEPÇÃO DA GERAÇÃO Y NA ADOÇÃO E PERFORMANCE DE PRÁTICAS DE CONTROLE GERENCIAL EM EMPRESAS DO SETOR DE TECNOLOGIA NO BRASIL
Authors: Novak Daniella , Lopes Iago França , Espejo Marcia Maria dos Santos Bortolocci 
Published: May 2022

O ingresso da Geração Y no mercado de trabalho provocou mudanças na gestão organizacional, o que afetou diretamente a perfomance e adoção de controle gerenciais nas corporações. Dentro desse contexto este artigo tem como objetivo identificar o comportamento dessa geração, sua percepção quanto a performance e sua influência na adoção de práticas de controle gerencial em empresas do setor de tecnologia no Brasil. Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo com uma amostra de 12 empresas brasileiras listadas na Associação Brasileira de Empresas de Tecnologia da Informação e Comunicação – Brasscom e um estudo qualitativo em uma empresa de relevância nacional do setor de tecnologia com capital negociado na BM&FBOVESPA. A investigação em tela descreve o panorama da Geração Y e os controles gerenciais adotados por ela, por meio da aplicação de questionários e entrevista com profissionais da área de controladoria. Subsidiando-se em Frezatti (2005), constatou-se que a respeito do grau de satisfação da Geração Y em relação aos artefatos do controle gerencial pode-se dizer que está intimamente ligado com a identificação do indivíduo com a organização, baseando-se na relação “objetivo-identidade-artefatos”.
A EDUCAÇÃO CONTEMPORÂNEA NA CONTRA-CORRENTE DA COMPLEXIDADE E O RESGATE DA AUTO-CONSTITUIÇÃO
Authors: Pellanda Nize Maria Campos 
Published: May 2022

O presente artigo foi organizado de forma a responder questões sobre o sofrimento dos alunos na escola em decorrência de ser esta uma instituição que não contempla necessidades fundamentais dos seres humanos. Parte-se dos pressupostos teóricos oriundos do Paradigma da Complexidade e, mais especificamente, aqueles que constituem a Cibernética de Segunda Ordem que hoje estão embasando importantes pesquisas nas neurociências. Com base em dados empíricos coletados em escolas do Ensino Fundamental, levantam-se hipóteses sobre as conseqüências epistêmicas e ontológicas que se transformam em impedimentos de conhecer e de subjetivar-se. Palavras-chave: complexidade- cognição- subjetivação- autopoiesis
A GOVERNANÇA CORPORATIVA E O ENDOMARKETING: O CASO DA COOPERATIVA MÉDICA ALPHA
Authors: RADTKE CANEPPELE BUSSLER NAIRANA , KNEBEL BAGGIO DANIEL , FABRICIO ADRIANE , DA FONSECA CAPSSA LIMA SAUSEN JULIANA , RODRIGUES BENÍSIO , MARLENE SEIDE FROEMMING LURDES 
Published: May 2022

Este artigo analisou a contribuição do endomarketing com relação à governança corporativa, que apoia as ações dentro das empresas, identificando a contribuição efetiva para a realização da estratégia de negócio, com resultados sustentáveis e atuação com vistas a desenvolver equipes de alta performance com o auxílio da área de gestão de pessoas. Para isto, princípios de uma boa governança corporativa, como transparência, equidade, ética e responsabilidade social tornam-se fundamentais. Para Bekin (1995), o endomarketing são ações de marketing para o público interno – funcionários – das empresas e organizações. É um processo cujo foco é sintonizar e sincronizar, para implementar e operacionalizar, a estrutura de marketing da empresa ou organização que visa ação para o mercado. Este estudo foi realizado em uma cooperativa médica que prima pela qualidade do trabalho na saúde e pela excelência na prestação de serviços, buscando oferecer sempre o melhor a seus beneficiários. O objetivo do estudo foi verificar como o endomarketing contribui para o sucesso da governança corporativa e construção de equipes de alto desempenho na cooperativa. Foi possível identificar que endomarketing, para a organização em questão, trata-se de importante ferramenta de desenvolvimento de uma cultura organizacional alinhada ao plano estratégico.