bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of wait time on patient outcomes in knee and hip replacement surgery: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Dawson E. , Neufeld M. E. , Schemitsch E. , John-Baptiste A. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Total hip and total knee replacement surgery are in high demand, leading to long wait times for many patients. While on the waiting list, patients may experience worsening pain, reduced mobility, and deteriorating health. Given that long wait times are common for lower joint replacement surgery, it is important to understand how patient health changes during the wait period and whether this impacts patient outcomes after surgery. The aim of this scoping review will be to identify and describe the evidence regarding the impact of wait time on patient outcomes for patients who undergo total knee and total hip replacement surgery.

Methods
This scoping review was designed with guidance from the Joanna Briggs Institute Manual for Evidence Synthesis, and results will be reported following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for scoping reviews. EMBASE, Medline, PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, and Cochrane electronic databases will be searched for English language articles published after 1999. Studies of adult patients with osteoarthritis undergoing primary knee or hip replacement surgery, which measure patient outcomes over the wait period for surgery, will be included. Two independent reviewers will screen titles and abstracts followed by full article review. Data will be extracted by two reviewers using a standardized form. Outcomes assessed during the wait period will be identified and described in tables. Factors associated with changes in health status during the wait period will be qualitatively described.

Discussion
This review will map the evidence regarding wait times for lower extremity joint replacement surgery. Better understanding of how the impact of wait times on patient health status is measured over the perioperative period will inform future research on wait times.

Scoping review registration
Registered with Open Science Framework, Feb 14, 2021 DOI: 10.17605/OSF.IO/MV4FS
Increased TOX expression associates with exhausted T cells in patients with multiple myeloma
Authors: Zhao Yujie , Liao Pengjun , Huang Shuxin , Deng Tairan , Tan Jiaxiong , Huang Youxue , Zhan Huien , Li Yangqiu , Chen Shaohua , Zhong Liye 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPrevious studies have shown increased aberrant expression of immune checkpoint (IC) proteins, such as programmed cell death receptor-1 (PD-1) and T cell immunoglobulin mucin-domain-containing-3 (Tim-3) on T cells from patients with multiple myeloma (MM), which result in T cell exhaustion and dysfunction. However, little is known about the mechanism regulating aberrant IC protein expression. In this study, we analyzed the expression of TOX (thymocyte selection-associated HMG BOX), a crucial transcription factor involved in T cell exhaustion, and its co-expression with PD-1, Tim-3, and CD244 in T cell subsets by multi-color fluorescent flow cytometry in peripheral blood (PB) and bone marrow (BM) samples from patients with MM. Significantly, the percentage of TOX + CD3 +/CD4 +/CD8 + T cells was increased, and similarly, higher numbers of TOX co-expression with PD-1, Tim-3, and CD244 on CD3 +/CD4 +/CD8 + T cells were found. Interestingly, the numbers of TOX +, TOX + PD-1 +, and TOX + Tim-3 + regulatory T (Treg) cells also significantly increased in both the PB and BM of MM patients. In summary, we for the first time observed increased TOX expression concurrent with PD-1, Tim-3, and CD244 on T cells, which may contribute to T cell exhaustion and impair their function in MM. Thus, TOX may be considered a potential target for reversing T cell exhaustion and improving T cell function in MM.
Epidemiological characteristics of imported respiratory infectious diseases in China, 2014‒2018
Authors: Wang Jin-Long , Chen Tao , Deng Le-Le , Han Ya-Jun , Wang Da-Yan , Wang Li-Ping , He Guang-Xue 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
With the progress of globalization, international mobility increases, greatly facilitating cross-border transmission of respiratory infectious diseases (RIDs). This study aimed to analyze the epidemiological characteristics and factors influencing imported RIDs, with the goal of providing evidence to support adoption of high-tech, intelligent methods to early find imported RIDs and prevent their spread in China.

Methods
We obtained data of imported RIDs cases from 2014 to 2018 from the Inbound Sentinel Network of Customs and the National Notifiable Diseases Reporting System in China. We analyzed spatial, temporal, and population distribution characteristics of the imported RIDs. We developed an index to describe seasonality. Pearson correlation coefficients were used to examine associations between independent variables and imported cases. Data analyses and visualizations were conducted with R software.

Results
From a total of 1 409 265 253 inbound travelers, 31 732 (2.25/100 000) imported RIDs cases were reported. RIDs cases were imported from 142 countries and five continents. The incidence of imported RIDs was nearly 5 times higher in 2018 (2.81/100 000) than in 2014 (0.58/100 000). Among foreigners, incidence rates were higher among males (5.32/100 000), 0–14-year-olds (15.15/100 000), and cases originating in Oceania (11.10/100 000). The vast majority (90.3%) of imported RIDs were influenza, with seasonality consistent with annual seasonality of influenza. The spatial distribution of imported RIDs was different between Chinese citizens and foreigners. Increases in inbound travel volume and the number of influenza cases in source countries were associated with the number of imported RIDs.

Conclusions
Our study documented importation of RIDs into China from 142 countries. Inbound travel poses a significant risks bringing important RIDs to China. It is urgent to strengthen surveillance at customs of inbound travelers and establish an intelligent surveillance and early warning system to prevent importation of RIDs to China for preventing further spread within China.

Graphical Abstract
Coordinated control by ADRC strategy for a wind farm based on SCIG considering low voltage ride-through capability
Authors: Laghridat Hammadi , Essadki Ahmed , Nasser Tamou 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWind farms are integrated with the power grid system to provide active and reactive power. Because in a wind farm, wind turbines (WTs) are highly coupled to their operating conditions, a central wind farm supervisory unit must take into account these conditions when producing power control references for each WT. The aim of this paper is to manage and control the active and reactive power of wind farms based on squirrel cage induction generators and back-to-back converters. The proportional distribution algorithm is used for distributing wind farm power to individual WTs. In addition, we consider the development of a local power management and control units for WTs. This is in order to extract the maximum available power from the wind, and to provide the active and reactive power predetermined by the transmission system operator, or to satisfy the grid code requirements considering Low Voltage Ride-through capability. The power dispatch strategy is to be used on all WTs using the distribution algorithm while ensuring the control loops using the proposed Active Disturbance Rejection Control strategy. The results demonstrate that the proposed strategies are efficient and can guarantee the safe integration of wind farms into the grid while respecting grid code requirements and power system stability.
Ultrasound-guided quadratus lumborum block versus transversus abdominis plane block in patients undergoing total abdominal hysterectomy
Authors: Alansary Amin M. , Kamaly Ayman M. , Abdel Hamid Hatem S. , Aboelanean Yassmin M. , Ezzat Ahmed W. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Ultrasound (US)-guided quadratus lumborum block (QLB) and transversus abdominis plane block (TAP) are used as a part of multimodal analgesia for postoperative pain after abdominal procedures, as they improve postoperative pain.

Results
QLB group showed significantly better visual analog score (VAS) scores from 6 h till 24 h postoperative. Time for the first request for pethidine was significantly longer in the QLB group (398.3 ± 23.7 min) than in the TAP group (80.3 ± 20.7 min), (p < 0.0001 and its total consumption was significantly lesser (p = 0.007) in the QLB group (68.33 ± 66.28) than in TAP group (120.0 ± 76.11). Also, the sensory level was higher in the QLB group (8.3 ± 0.63 segments) than in the TAP group (6.2 ± 0.79 segments), (p < 0.001). Moreover, only 2 patients (6.67%) in the QLB group experienced nausea and/or vomiting versus 9 (30%) in TAP group with significant value.

Conclusions
QLB was more effective in providing visceral and somatic pain analgesia after total abdominal hysterectomy (TAH) in comparison to TAP block, QLB resulted in wider sensory blockade compared to TAP block with less incidence of postoperative nausea and/or vomiting.
Effect of partial substitution of wheat flour with Moringa oleifera leaf powder on physical, nutritional, antioxidant and antidiabetic properties of cookies
Authors: Fapetu Aanuoluwapo Patricia , Karigidi Kayode Olayele , Akintimehin Emmanuel Sina , Olawuwo Tomilayo , Adetuyi Foluso Olutope 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Moringa oleifera leaf is a prominent leaf in folk medicine used to treat many diseases including diabetes mellitus. This study is aimed at determining the effects of substitution of wheat flour with Moringa oleifera leaf powder (MOLP) on physical, nutritional, bioactive, antioxidant and antidiabetic properties of cookies. Wheat flour was substituted with MOLP (2.5%, 5% and 10%) in the baking of the cookies (C1, C2 and C3, respectively), and its effects were evaluated on proximate, bioactive compounds, antioxidant, physical and inhibitory properties against α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes using standard methods. Also, sensory attributes of the cookies were determined using 9-point hedonic point.

Results
The results showed thickness were significantly (p < 0.05) reduced while diameter and spread ratio of the cookies increased as the level of MOLP increases. The inclusion of MOLP in the cookies led to significant (p < 0.05) enhancement in the bioactive compound, antioxidant and inhibitory properties of MOLP-substituted cookies. Also protein, ash, fat and fibre contents were significantly (p < 0.05) increased in MOLP-substituted cookies while carbohydrate and energy value reduced. The sensory evaluation revealed that MOLP-substituted cookies at the level of 2.5% were more acceptable than other MOLP-substituted cookies.

Conclusion
With the higher bioactive, antioxidant and inhibitory abilities against α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes and enhanced protein content of MOLP-substituted cookies, MOLP poses as a potential functional ingredient in baking of cookies.
Implant survivorship, functional outcomes and complications with the use of rotating hinge knee implants: a systematic review
Authors: Xu Joshua , von Fritsch Lennart , Sabah Shiraz A. , Price Andrew J. , Alvand Abtin 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
With more complex primary and revision total knee arthroplasty procedures there is often the need to use more constrained prostheses. This study aims to investigate patient-relevant outcomes following primary and revision rotating-hinged total knee arthroplasty.

Methods
Electronic searches were performed using four databases from their date of inception to January 2021. Relevant studies were identified, with data extracted and analysed using PRIMSA guidelines.

Results
Nineteen studies were included, producing a cohort of 568 primary and 413 revision rotating hinge total knee arthroplasties (TKAs). Survival was assessed at 1-, 5-, and 10-year post-implantation. Sensitivity analyses based on person-time incidence ratios (PTIRs) were prespecified for studies not reporting survival at these timepoints. From the primary hinge TKA cohort, the median survival at 1 year was 93.4% and at 10 years it was 87%. The PTIR at long-term follow-up of this primary cohort was 1.07 (95% CI 0.4–1.7) per 100 person-years. From the revision hinge TKA cohort, the median survival at 1 year was 79.6%, and at 10 years it was 65.1%. The PTIR at long term-follow-up of this revision cohort was 1.55 (95% CI 0.9–2.3) per 100 person-years. Post-operative flexion range of motion (ROM) was 110° for primary hinge TKA and 103° for revision hinge TKA. Compared with baseline, the Knee Society Score (KSS) and Knee Society Function Score (KSFS) improved for both groups post-operatively (primary: KSS 17 to 86, KSFS 28 to 58; revision: KSS 37 to 82, KSFS 34 to 61).

Conclusion
The quality of the evidence for patient-relevant outcomes following hinged knee arthroplasty was limited. While there is the potential for high early revision rates, where successful, large functional benefits may be achieved.
SARS-CoV-2 origin, myths and diagnostic technology developments
Authors: Wambani Josephine , Okoth Patrick 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
After the first case of COVID-19 being announced in China in December 2019, various diagnostic technologies have been developed at unprecedented pace with the aim of providing a basis for accurate clinical intervention. However, some assays including CRISPR-based diagnostics and loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) have been less explored. As new COVID-19 technologies emerge, there is need for them to be assessed, validated and improved upon. Moreover, there is paucity of data on the essential factors governing the selection of an appropriate diagnostic approach within the correct timeframe. Myths and origin of SARS-CoV-2 remain to be controversial. Consequently, this review aims at exploring the current COVID-19 diagnostic technologies, performance evaluation, principles, suitability, specificity, sensitivity, successes and challenges of the technologies for laboratory and bedside testing.

Main Body
To date, there exist more publications on COVID-19 diagnostics as compared to the Zika virus. The SARS-CoV-2 virus genome profiles were readily available by 31st of December 2019. This was attributed to the fast-paced sharing of the epidemiological and diagnostics data of COVID-19. Timely profiling of the virus genome accelerated the development of diagnostic technologies. Furthermore, the rapid publication of studies that evaluated several diagnostic methods available provided baseline information on how the various technologies work and paved way for development of novel technologies.

Conclusion
Up to date, RT-PCR is the most preferred as compared to the other assays. This is despite the repeated false negatives reported in many of the study findings. Considering that COVID-19 has caused devastating effects on the economy, healthcare systems, agriculture and culture, timely and accurate detection of the virus is paramount in the provision of targeted therapy hence reducing chances of drug resistance, increased treatment costs and morbidity. However, information on the origin of SARS-CoV-2 still remains elusive. Furthermore, knowledge and perception of the patients toward management of SARS-CoV-2 are also paramount to proper diagnosis and management of the pandemic. Future implications of the misperceptions are that they may lead to increased non-compliance to SARS-CoV-2-related World Health Organization (WHO) policies and guidelines.
The G209R mutant mouse as a model for human PCSK1 polyendocrinopathy
Authors: Shakya Manita , Gahlot Surbhi , Martin Nicolle K , Arunagiri Anoop , Martin Martin G , Arvan Peter , Low Malcolm J , Lindberg Iris 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
PCSK1 encodes an enzyme required for prohormone maturation into bioactive peptides. A striking number of SNPs and rare mutations in PCSK1 are associated with a range of clinical phenotypes. Infants bearing two copies of a catalytically inactivating mutation, such as G209R, exhibit life-threatening chronic diarrhea and subsequently develop systemic endocrinopathies. Using CRISPR/Cas9 technology, we have engineered a mouse model bearing a G209R missense mutation in exon 6 of the murine Pcsk1 locus. Most pups homozygous for the G209R mutation succumbed by day 2, and surviving pups were severely dwarfed. In homozygous (but not heterozygous) pups, blood glucose levels were significantly lower, accompanied by elevated plasma insulin-like immunoreactivity and accumulation of large quantities of unprocessed proinsulin in the pancreas. Peptide hormone processing was also aberrant in G209R mouse pituitary, with mature ACTH levels markedly reduced in homozygotes, accompanied by a significant accumulation of POMC. We also observed a significant reduction in PC1/3 protein in the brains of G209R homozygous mice by Western blotting, while PC2 levels remained unaffected. Most likely due to the continued presence of PC2, pituitary and brain levels of α-MSH were not impaired. Analysis of intestinal cell types indicated a modest reduction of enteroendocrine cells in G209R homozygotes. We suggest that the G209R Pcsk1 mouse model recapitulates many of the dramatic neonatal deficiencies of human patients with this homozygous mutation.
Success and Time to Oxygen Delivery for Scalpel-Finger-Cannula and Scalpel-Finger-Bougie Front-of-Neck Access: A Randomized Crossover Study With a Simulated “Can’t Intubate, Can’t Oxygenate” Scenario in a Manikin Model With Impalpable Neck Anatomy
Authors: Zhang Jinbin , Ong Shimin , Toh Han , Chew Meifang , Ang Hope , Goh Stacey 
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND:
Emergency front-of-neck access (FONA) is particularly challenging with impalpable neck anatomy. We compared 2 techniques that are based on a vertical midline neck incision, followed by finger dissection and then either a cannula or scalpel puncture to the cricothyroid membrane.

METHODS:
A manikin simulation scenario of impalpable neck anatomy and bleeding was created. Sixty-five anesthesiologists undergoing cricothyrotomy training performed scalpel-finger-cannula (SFC) and scalpel-finger-bougie (SFB) cricothyrotomy in random order. Primary outcomes were time to oxygen delivery and first-attempt success; data were analyzed using multilevel mixed-effects models.

RESULTS:
SFC was associated with a shorter time to oxygen delivery on univariate (median time difference, −61.5 s; 95% confidence interval [CI], −84.7 to −38.3; P < .001) and multivariable (mean time difference, −62.1 s; 95% CI, −83.2 to −41.0; P < .001) analyses. Higher first-attempt success was reported with SFC than SFB (47 of 65 [72.3%] vs 18 of 65 [27.7%]). Participants also had higher odds at achieving first-attempt success with SFC than SFB (odds ratio [OR], 10.7; 95% CI, 3.3–35.0; P < .001). Successful delivery of oxygen after the “can’t intubate, can’t oxygenate” (CICO) declaration within 3 attempts and 180 seconds was higher (84.6% vs 63.1%) and more likely with SFC (OR, 5.59; 95% CI, 1.7–18.9; P = .006). Analyzing successful cases only, SFC achieved a shorter time to oxygen delivery (mean time difference, −24.9 s; 95% CI, −37.8 to −12.0; P < .001), but a longer time to cuffed tube insertion (mean time difference, +56.0 s; 95% CI, 39.0–73.0; P < .001). After simulation training, most participants preferred SFC in patients with impalpable neck anatomy (75.3% vs 24.6%).

CONCLUSIONS:
In a manikin simulation of impalpable neck anatomy and bleeding, the SFC approach demonstrated superior performance in oxygen delivery and was also the preferred technique of the majority of study participants. Our study findings support the use of a cannula-based FONA technique for achieving oxygenation in a CICO situation, with the prerequisite that appropriate training and equipment are available.
Retreatment of Residual and Recurrent Aneurysms After Embolization With the Woven EndoBridge Device: Multicenter Case Series
Authors: Srinivasan Visish M. , Dmytriw Adam A. , Regenhardt Robert W. , Vicenty-Padilla Juan , Alotaibi Naif M. , Levy Elad , Waqas Muhammad , Cherian Jacob , Johnson Jeremiah N. , Jabbour Pascal , Sweid Ahmad , Gross Bradley , Starke Robert M. , Puri Ajit , Massari Francesco , Griessenauer Christoph J. , Catapano Joshua S. , Rutledge Caleb , Tanweer Omar , Yashar Parham , Cortez Gustavo M. , Aziz-Sultan Mohammad A. , Patel Aman B. , Ducruet Andrew F. , Albuquerque Felipe C. , Hanel Ricardo A. , Lawton Michael T. , Kan Peter 
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND:
The Woven EndoBridge (WEB) device (Terumno Corp. [parent company of Microvention]) was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration as the first intrasaccular device for intracranial aneurysm treatment in December 2018. Its use has become more common since then, but both trial results and postmarket experiences have raised questions about the efficacy in achieving complete aneurysm obliteration. Retreatment after WEB embolization has not been extensively discussed.

OBJECTIVE:
To discuss the incidence and retreatment of aneurysms after initial WEB embolization.

METHODS:
Retrospective review across 13 institutions identified all occurrences of WEB retreatment within neurovascular databases. Details regarding demographics, aneurysm characteristics, treatment considerations, clinical outcomes, and aneurysm occlusion were obtained and analyzed.

RESULTS:
Thirty aneurysms were retreated in 30 patients in a cohort of 342 WEB-treated aneurysms. The retreatment rate was 8.8%. Endovascular methods were used for 23 cases, and 7 were treated surgically. Two aneurysms presented with rehemorrhage after initial WEB embolization. Endovascular treatments included stent-assisted coiling (12), flow diversion (7), coiling (2), PulseRider (Johnson & Johnson)–assisted coiling (1), and additional WEB placement (1). Surgical treatments included primary clipping (6) and Hunterian ligation (1). There were no major complications within the study group.

CONCLUSION:
WEB retreatments were successfully performed by a variety of techniques, including stent-assisted coiling, clipping, and flow diversion as the most common. These procedures were performed safely with subsequent obliteration of most aneurysms. The potential need for retreatment of aneurysms should be considered during primary WEB treatments.
Carbon-Bridged Oligo(phenylenevinylene)s that Reveal Cryogenic Phenomena at Room Temperature
Authors: Tsuji Hayato 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We have developed carbon-bridged oligo(phenylenevinylene)s (COPVs), in which the molecular structure of the phenylenevinylenes is constricted via intramolecular bridging by carbon atoms, or more specifically, substituted methylene groups. COPVs are characterized by their rigid planar molecular structure, which is ideal for the expansion of π-conjugation, and leads to excellent functionality and high stability. Most importantly, COPVs exhibit some phenomena at room temperature that conventional molecules only demonstrate at cryogenic temperatures. In this account, the features of COPVs will be outlined together with research background on structural control using carbon bridges.