bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Knowledge and attitudes of medical students in Lebanon toward artificial intelligence: A national survey study
Authors: Doumat George , Daher Darine , Ghanem Nadim-Nicolas , Khater Beatrice 
Published: November 2022

PurposeThis study assesses the knowledge and attitudes of medical students in Lebanon toward Artificial Intelligence (AI) in medical education. It also explores the students' perspectives regarding the role of AI in medical education as a subject in the curriculum and a teaching tool.MethodsThis is a cross-sectional study using an online survey consisting of close-ended questions. The survey targets medical students at all medical levels across the 7 medical schools in Lebanon.ResultsA total of 206 medical students responded. When assessing AI knowledge sources (81.1%) got their information from the media as compared to (9.7%) from medical school curriculum. However, Students who learned the basics of AI as part of the medical school curriculum were more knowledge about AI than their peers who did not. Students in their clinical years appear to be more knowledgeable about AI in medicine. The advancements in AI affected the choice of specialty of around a quarter of the students (26.8%). Finally, only a quarter of students (26.5%) want to be assessed by AI, even though the majority (57.7%) reported that assessment by AI is more objective.ConclusionsEducation about AI should be incorporated in the medical school curriculum to improve the knowledge and attitudes of medical students. Improving AI knowledge in medical students will in turn increase acceptance of AI as a tool in medical education, thus unlocking its potential in revolutionizing medical education.
Percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy via the medial foraminal and interlaminar approaches: A comparative study with 2-year follow-up
Authors: Huang Sen , Wang Zhenfei , Xu Long , Bu Jinhui , He Bo , Xia Mengjiao , Chen Tao , Gao Juan , Liu Guangpu , Niu Ru , Ma Chao , Liu Guangwang 
Published: November 2022

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to analyze the clinical effect of percutaneous endoscopic medial foraminal discectomy (PEMFD) in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation (LDH).MethodsWe retrospectively examined and compared clinical data from 39 single-level LDH patients who underwent PEID and 47 who underwent PEMFD. All the patients were diagnosed with single-level LDH and were treated in Xuzhou Central Hospital for single-segmental lumbar disc herniation between June 2017 and December 2019. Collect and count surgical-related indicators, intraoperative bleeding volume and 24-hour postoperative drainage volume, lower extremity numbness Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), the pain VAS and lumbar Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) scores.ResultsIntraoperative bleeding volume and 24-hour postoperative drainage volume were significantly lower in the PEMFD group (p &lt; 0.05). Operation time and length of hospital stay did not significantly differ between the groups. Transient spinal cord injury and surgical site infection did not occur. Recurrence occurred in two patients in each group. Repeat surgery in these patients demonstrated remarkable epidural scarring in the PEID group patients; no scarring was evident in the PEMFD group patients. The numbness VAS score 72 h after surgery and the pain VAS and ODI scores 1 month after surgery significantly differed between groups; however, pain VAS and ODI scores 6, 12, and 24 months after surgery did not. At last follow-up, the modified MacNab criteria outcome did not significantly differ between the groups.ConclusionPEMFD and PEID have similar short- and medium-term outcomes. However, PEMFD has several advantages: simplicity, lower bleeding volume, and preservation of the LF.
Pregnancy Interventions to Improve Birth Outcomes: What Are the Effects on Maternal Outcomes? A Scoping Review
Authors: Zavala Eleonor , Rhodes Mary , Christian Parul 
Published: November 2022

Objectives: Interventions in pregnancy are commonly evaluated for their effects on birth outcomes because maternal infection and poor nutrition are the primary contributors to adverse pregnancy outcomes, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). However, the extent to which such interventions directly impact maternal health and nutrition has not been succinctly characterized.Methods: We conducted a scoping review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses of 27 pregnancy interventions to summarize the evidence of impact on maternal outcomes.Results: Overall, these were reported incompletely, and we failed to find any evidence for eight interventions. Influenza vaccination, insecticide-treated bed nets, intermittent preventive treatment for malaria, anthelmintic therapy, and treatment of bacterial vaginosis, asymptomatic bacteriuria, and periodontal disease during pregnancy provided direct benefit to women, with reductions in infection risk. Nutritional interventions such as micronutrient supplementation and balanced energy and protein improved outcomes of maternal anemia and gestational weight gain, particularly in deficient populations. Calcium and low dose aspirin significantly reduced the risk of pre-eclampsia.Conclusion: These findings highlight antenatal interventions benefitting maternal health and provide insights into pathways for impacting birth and infant outcomes.
An Analysis of the COVID-19 Situation in India in Terms of Testing, Treatment, Vaccine Acceptance and National Economic Performance
Authors: Patel Ritu Bhaumik , Patel Bhaumik Bipinchandra 
Published: November 2022

Objectives: This study aims to provide a comprehensive review on the analysis of COVID-19 pandemic in India and address economic impact, diagnosis approaches, and vaccine acceptance and hesitation.Method: We retrieved articles published in 2020 and 2021 and current data from official websites that narrate the strategy for COVID-19 testing, issues, and challenges, healthcare system insufficiency, statistics of cases, deaths, vaccination, and vaccine acceptance barriers, and beliefs.Results: India being the 2nd largest populated country with a population of 1.4 billion faced massive difficulty in controlling the transmission of SARS-CoV-2. This crisis dramatically impeded the economy of the nation. India witnessed 2nd highest number (43,019,453) of confirmed cases and 3rd highest number of deaths (521,004) across the world.Conclusion: The major cause of the collapse of COVID-19 is the high population of India, pre-existing weak healthcare system, and the lack of awareness among the people. The fall, rise, and statistics provided in the review will help in comparing the current status with other countries and in making strong strategies to combat future calamities.
Thallusin Quantification in Marine Bacteria and Algae Cultures
Authors: Ulrich Johann F. , Gräfe Melina S. , Dhiman Seema , Wienecke Paul , Arndt Hans-Dieter , Wichard Thomas 
Published: November 2022

Thallusin, a highly biologically active, phytohormone-like and bacterial compound-inducing morphogenesis of the green tide-forming macroalga Ulva (Chlorophyta), was determined in bacteria and algae cultures. A sensitive and selective method was developed for quantification based on ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization and a high-resolution mass spectrometer. Upon C18 solid phase extraction of the water samples, thallusin was derivatized with iodomethane to inhibit the formation of Fe–thallusin complexes interfering with the chromatographic separation. The concentration of thallusin was quantified during the relevant phases of the bacterial growth of Maribacter spp., ranging from 0.16 ± 0.01 amol cell−1 (at the peak of the exponential growth phase) to 0.86 ± 0.13 amol cell−1 (late stationary phase), indicating its accumulation in the growth medium. Finally, we directly determined the concentration of thallusin in algal culture to validate our approach for monitoring applications. Detection and quantification limits of 2.5 and 7.4 pmol L−1, respectively, were reached, which allow for quantifying ecologically relevant thallusin concentrations. Our approach will enable the surveying of thallusin in culture and in nature and will thus contribute to the chemical monitoring of aquaculture.
Acoustic frequency-dependent physical mechanism of sub-MHz ultrasound neurostimulation
Authors: Fan Haixiao , Shimba Kenta , Ishijima Ayumu , Sasaoka Kenya , Takahashi Tsuyoshi , Saka Eigo , Chang Chih-Hsiang , Jimbo Yasuhiko , Azuma Takashi , Takagi Shu 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Ultrasound allows non-invasive and reversible modulation of neural circuit activity with high spatial resolution. Despite growing interest in clinical applications, the safe and effective use of ultrasound neuromodulation has been limited by a lack of understanding of the physical mechanisms underlying its effects. Here, we demonstrate acoustic frequency-dependent physical effects that underlie ultrasound neuromodulation, where cavitation and radiation forces are the dominant sources of low- and high-frequency stimulation, respectively. We used 39.5 and 500 kHz acoustic frequencies to stimulate cultured neural and glial cells to study acoustic frequency-dependent neural responses. We demonstrate increased evoked responses due to increased cavitation activity at the 39.5 kHz acoustic frequency. In contrast, notable cavitation activity was not detected at 500 kHz despite detection of evoked responses. Our work highlights the dependence of ultrasound neuromodulation on acoustic frequencies, with different physical effects underlying cell responses to low and high sub-MHz acoustic frequency ranges.
PERANAN KOMISI PEMILIHAN UMUM DALAM MEWUJUDKAN PEMILU YANG DEMOKRATIS
Authors: Nugroho Dian Ade , Sukmariningsih Retno Mawarini 
Published: November 2022

<p>Penyelenggaraan pemilihan umum yang berkualitas diperlukan sebagai sarana untuk mewujudkan kedaulatan rakyat dalam pemerintahan negara yang demokratis berdasarkan Pancasila dan Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945. Untuk mewujudkan pemilu yang demokratis diperlukan adanya penyelenggara pemilu yang disebut KPU (Komisi Pemilihan Umum) yang profesional serta mempunyai integritas, kapabilitas, dan akuntabilitas. Judul “Peranan Komisi Pemilihan Umum Dalam Mewujudkan Pemilu Yang Demokratis Di Kabupaten Pati” dengan permasalahan untuk mendekripsikan (1) Bagaimana peranan KPU dalam mewujudkan pemilu yang demokratis di Kabupaten Pati?, (2) Bagaimana muncul hambatan-hambatan dalam mewujudkan pemilu yang demokratis di Kabupaten Pati?, (3) Bagaimana mengatasi hambatan-hambatan yang dihadapi KPU dalam mewujudkan pemilu yang demokratis di Kabupaten Pati?. Dalam penelitian ini penulis menggunakan metode yuridis normatif, spesifikasi deskriptif analitis, sumber data primer sekunder, analisis normatif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menggambarkan peranan KPU dalam mewujudkan pemilu yang demokratis adalah (1) Meningkatkan integritas, netralisan dan interdepensi anggota KPU, (2) Memberikan pendidikan politik yang sehat kepada pemilih, (3) Meningkatkan partisipasi pemilih, (4) Mengawasi penyelenggaraan pemilu. Hasil penelitian mengenai hambatan-hambatan yang muncul dalam mewujudkan pemilu yang demokratis adalah (1) Tingkat pendidikan yang masih kurang dalam memahami kedisiplinan dalam bermasyarakat dan musyawarah, (2) Rendahnya tingkat kesadaran akan hukum dan kepedulian pemilih masih rendah, (3) Tingkat Kesejahteraan masyarakat yang relatif rendah, (4) Sikap pesimis dan skeptis terhadap demokrasi, (5) Isu SARA. Peranan KPU dalam mengatasi hambatan-hambatan adalah (1) Meningatkan Kesadaran Hukum Masyarakat, (2) Simulasi pemungutan suara, (3) Meningkatkan pengawasan pemilu dengan merangkul masyarakat. Oleh karena itu diakhir penelitian penulis memberikan saran perlunya regulasi ulang perundang-undangan, menggencarkan pelaksanaan pendidikan politik, meningkatkan penyuluhan hukum kepada masyarakat serta pengisian aparatur pelaksana yaitu KPU yang lebih berkualitas.</p>
SOSIALISASI VITAMIN D PADA PENDERITA TUBERKULOSIS PARU DAN KELUARGA PENDERITA TUBERKULOSIS PARU DI WILAYAH PUSKESMAS PAKUAN BARU KOTA JAMBI
Authors: Sitanggang Fardiah Tilawati , Sakdiah Siti , Simanjuntak James P. 
Published: November 2022

Tuberkulosis(TB) adalah penyakit infeksi akibat Mycobacterium tuberculosis yang menimbulkan komplikasi hingga kematian. Permasalahan TB di Indonesia semakin kompleks dengan meningkatnya kejadian TB resistensi OAT termasuk di Kota Jambi. Proses penyembuhan TB memerlukan respon imun yang efektif. Kurangnya nutrisi mempengaruhi respon imun dalam tubuh. Salah satu nutrisi yang berperan di respon imun pada TB paru adalah vitamin D. Tingginya kasus TB paru di PKM Pakuan Baru menjadi salah satu masalah pada pemberantasan TB paru. Permasalahan lainnya, hasil penelitian Simanjuntak dkk 2020 menunjukkan kadar vitamin D pada penderita TB resistensi OAT lebih rendah dibanding penderita TB Paru. Hasil Observasi awal menunjukkan penderita TB belum memiliki pengetahuan tentang manfaat pemberian vitamin D pada penderita TB paru..Metode pelaksanaan pengabmas kepada 50 sasaran (penderita TB paru dan keluarga penderita TB paru )dilakukan dengan pretest dengan kuesioner pertanyaan pilihan ganda mengenai vitamin D, dilanjutkan pemberian vitamin D dan sosialisasi dengan metode pemberian buku saku , ceramah diskusi dengan media video dan ppt, dilanjutkan dengan post test melihat perbedaan pengetahuan sebelum dan setelah sosialisasi yang diukur dengan uji T. Hasil pengabmas menunjukkan pada pretest pengetahuan peserta mengenai vitamin D pada TB paru masih rendah,hal ini disebabkan berbagai faktor seperti kurangnya partisipasi warga dalam pencegahan TB paru, rendahnya tingkat pendidikan serta rendahnya kemampuan ekonomi.Setelah dilakukan sosialisasi terjadi peningkatan pengetahuan mengenai vitamin D yang terlihat dari hasil pretest dan post test dengan perubahan yang signifikan. Keterlibatan aparat pemerintah seperti petugas Puskesmas,perangkat RT juga kader juga berperan signifikan dalam memotivasi penderita TB paru dan keluarganya untuk hadir dan bergabung dalam kegiatan sosialisasi vitamin D
Grid Strength Assessment for 100% Inverter-Based Power Systems via Generalized Short-Circuit Ratio
Authors: Ma Fuyilong , Xin Huanhai , Wu Di , Liu Yun 
Published: November 2022

<p> Grid strength is important for the identification of potential weak grid issues, such as sub/super-synchronous oscillation instability. However, the existing techniques for grid strength assessment require the presence of synchronous generators as the source of grid voltage support. Therefore, they are not applicable to the 100% inverter-based power system, where all synchronous generators are displaced by inverter-based apparatuses. Moreover, it is challenging for these techniques to identify the weak grid issues in such a system while considering the complex interaction between power networks and different inverter control configurations (e.g., grid-forming (GFM) and grid-following (GFL) inverters). This paper proposes a method for grid strength assessment in terms of small-disturbance stability in a 100% inverter-based power system. Specifically, we first analyze the voltage support characteristics of typical GFM inverters, revealing that the GFM inverter can be represented by an equivalent Thevenin circuit with an additional shunt admittance to characterize the inverter dynamics. By interconnecting the equivalent GFM inverter models with the GFL inverter models via power networks, we then formulate the linearized model for a 100% inverter-based power system to analyze its small-disturbance stability. It is found that our previously developed generalized short-circuit ratio (gSCR) can be extended to assess the grid strength of such a system, thus significantly reducing the complexity of system stability analysis. The gSCR-based method is proposed and its effectiveness is demonstrated by comparing the results of eigenvalue analysis to those of electromagnetic transient simulation in a modified IEEE 39-bus system. </p>
Transfer Learning for the Behavior Prediction of Microwave Structures
Authors: Ma Jiteng , Dang Shuping , Li Peizheng , Watkins Gavin , Morris Kevin , Beach Mark 
Published: November 2022

<p>Microwave structures behavior prediction is an important research topic in radio frequency (RF) design. In recent years, deep-learning-based techniques have been widely implemented to study microwaves, and they are envisaged to revolutionize this arduous and time-consuming work. However, empirical data collection and neural network training are two significant challenges of applying deep learning techniques to practical RF modeling and design problems. To this end, this letter investigates a transfer-learning-based approach to improve the accuracy and efficiency of predicting microwave structure behaviors. Through experimental comparisons, we validate that the proposed approach can reduce the amount of data required for training while shortening the neural network training time for the behavior prediction of microwave structures. </p>
Time-Domain Meshless Method Simulation of Metasurfaces with Generalized Sheet Transition Conditions
Authors: Shams Sheyda , Mohajeri Farzad , Movahhedi Masoud 
Published: November 2022

<p>This paper presents a time-domain formulation of a meshless method based on the generalized sheet transition conditions (GSTCs). This formulation is applicable for modeling a kind of dispersive metasurface and a time-varying metasurface. This is the first time a meshless method is developed for analysis of the metasurfaces using GSTCs. The significance of time-domain meshless methods originates from their capabilities for multi-scale and conformal modeling in addition to analysis of problems in a broad frequency-range. Here, for simplicity, the meshless method formulation is presented for analysis of 1-D problems consisting of metasurfaces which are monoisotropic. The extension of this method to 2-D and 3-D problems and bianisotropic metasurfaces is straightforward. The efficiency of the proposed formulations is verified by numerical examples. </p>
A Wearable All-Printed Textile-Based 6.78 MHz 15 W-Output Wireless Power Transfer System and its Screen-Printed Joule Heater Application
Authors: Wagih Mahmoud , Komolafe Abiodun , Weddell Alex S. , Beeby Steve 
Published: November 2022

<p>While research in passive flexible circuits for Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) such as coils and resonators continues to advance, limitations in their power handling and low efficiency have hindered the realization of efficient all-printed high-power wearable WPT receivers. Here, we propose a screen-printed textile-based 6.78 MHz resonant inductive WPT system using planar inductors with concealed metal-insulator-metal (MIM) tuning capacitors. A printed voltage doubler rectifier based on Silicon Carbide (SiC) diodes is designed and integrated with the coils, showing a power conversion efficiency of 80-90% for inputs between 2 and 40 W. Compared to prior wearable WPT receivers, it offers an order of magnitude improvement in power handling along with higher efficiency (approaching 60%), while using all-printed passives and a compact rectifier. The coils exhibit a simulated Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) under 0.4 W/kg for 25 W received power, and under 21◦C increase in the coils’ temperature for a 15 W DC output. We finally demonstrate a wirelessly-powered textilebased carbon-silver Joule heater, capable of reaching up to 60◦C at 2 cm separation from the transmitter, as a potential wearable application which can only be wireless-powered using the proposed system. </p>
Impact of Uncertainty on Optimal Battery Dispatch for Arbitrage and Peak Shaving: From Perspectives of Analytical Solutions and Examples
Authors: Su Hao , Feng Donghan , Zhou Yun , Yi Yin , Li Kele 
Published: November 2022

<p>Uncertain renewable power generation and on-site demand would complicate battery operation and affect profitability. In this paper, a novel battery scheduling model is proposed for maximizing arbitrage benefits while meeting the peak shaving requirements. The proposed model features accurate expectations and is essentially a stochastic optimization accounting for uncertainty. The convexity of the proposed model is strictly proved, which ensures that the global optimal solution is obtainable and computationally attractive. Based on the firstorder optimality condition, we further derive the analytical form of the optimal solution, which explicitly demonstrates the impact of uncertainty on the optimal dispatch of battery storage. Both the convexity and the solution stability of the proposed model are verified through extensive case studies involving various time periods and multiple algorithms for convex optimization. In addition, the change in the trade-off price threshold caused by uncertainty is also illustrated in simulations.<br>
</p>
Community Battery Management using Reinforcement Learning in a residential scenario
Authors: Cruz José Pedro , Guerreiro Sérgio 
Published: November 2022

<p>The increasing interest in the residential renewable energy sources leveraged the development of the Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) ecosystems that allow the losses mitigation caused by the lack of intelligent storage of unused energy. BESS's have reduced user's costs by storing the overproduced energy by the renewable sources and using it when the demand was bigger than the production. Despite that, cost minimizing can yet be improved by applying a Energy Management System (EMS) which takes in consideration several factors and draws a policy to reduce costs. Model-based approaches have been thought as a solution but the increasing complexity of the models turned the researchers into a model-free direction using Reinforcement Learning. This paper creates an innovative agent, trained by Deep Reinforcement Learning algorithms, capable of reducing the costs in a building. A literature review of other approaches, a solution formulation to solve the problem, and evaluation using synthetic data and data supplied by an energy company are contained. Furthermore, evaluation scenarios and techniques that can lead to agent' instability are mentioned. Results indicate that the agent has better performance in terms of revenue when compared with the same BESS operation without the agent. </p>