bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fabrication and properties of aluminum phosphate framework/bismaleimide composites with double‐crosslinking structures
Authors: Niu Yongan , Song Bolun , Shi Zihang , Zheng Shuojin , Cao Xianqi , Zhang Xin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAluminum phosphate (AP) framework/bismaleimide (BMI) composites were successfully prepared by the direct blending with phosphates and α‐Al2O3. Among them, the flexural strength of 20 wt% AP/BMI composites approached 47.5 MPa after thermal treatment at 300°C. The maximum decomposition temperature (Tmax = 650.2°C) and glass transition temperature (Tg = 299.8°C) was increased by 67.7 and 19.1°C, respectively. Furthermore, the dielectric constant (ε) of 20 wt% AP/BMI composites was approximately 3.12 at 500 kHz. After pyrolysis of BMI matrix, the reserved AP reinforcement was the three‐dimensional (3D) crosslinking framework. Therefore, the direct blending is a facile method to obtain double‐crosslinking inorganic/organic composites, and they would be potentially used as the high‐performance, low defect, and thermal resistant composites.
Stress and mental health in adolescents and young adults with cystic fibrosis 1 year after the COVID pandemic: Findings from an Italian sample
Authors: Graziano Sonia , Boldrini Francesca , Quittner Alexandra L. , Fiocchi Alessandro G. , Tabarini Paola 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe spread of COVID‐19 was associated with increased stress and new mental health concerns for people with cystic fibrosis (pwCF), already at increased risk for depression and anxiety. This study assessed stress and mental health in adolescents and young adults with CF 1 year from when the pandemic began.MethodsSixty‐six pwCF (mean age = 24; range 14–36) completed a new measure of the impact of COVID‐19 (COVID‐19 Exposure and Family Impact Scale‐Adolescence and Young Adult; CEFIS‐AYA); the Patient Health Questionnaire‐9, and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder‐7. The Italian translation of the CEFIS‐AYA was performed.ResultsOn the CEFIS‐AYA, the mean Exposure score was 5.2 (SD = 2.6) out of 28. The mean Impact score was 1.8 (SD = 0.7; negative valence > 2.5). Individuals were more sedentary and undertaking less exercise. Average stress rating was 5.9 (SD = 2), indicating moderate stress. No significant differences were found between those who did (N = 12) and who did not have a COVID infection (N = 54). A high percentage of participants scored above the clinical cut‐off for depression (45%) and anxiety (41%), with a low proportion reporting moderate‐severe symptomatology.ConclusionAfter 1 year, the pandemic was having a less significant impact on patients' daily lives. Sedentary activity and reduced exercise were common. Despite expectations that this group was particularly vulnerable, depression and anxiety scores were similar to the rates described for this population before the pandemic. Overall, these results suggested that pwCF are highly resilient and nearly 1 year after the onset of COVID‐19, have returned to similar daily activities and emotional health.
Amorphization and Crystallization of Hexanitroazobenzene (HNAB) Using Conventional DSC and Flash DSC
Authors: Koh Yung P. , Fondren Zachary T. , Denton Aric A. , Simon Sindee L. , McKenna Gregory B. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe present work presents results from an investigation of the glass transition and crystallization behaviors of HNAB tested over more than five orders of magnitude of cooling rate from 0.005 °C/s to 600 °C/s (0.3 to 36000 °C/min) by a combination of conventional and Flash differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The work quantifies the influence of the thermal amorphization route on the properties of this high explosive. Cooling rates faster than 100 °C/s (6000 °C/min) result in amorphous HNAB as expected from prior work, but we also find that amorphization of the HNAB occurs at cooling rates slower than 0.008 °C/s (0.5 °C/min). The behavior of the amorphous HNAB made by slow cooling is compared with that of amorphous HNAB made by fast cooling, as well as with that made by solvent casting in terms of glass transition temperature, apparent activation energy of glass transition, and dynamic fragility parameter m. Besides, the non‐isothermal crystallization response as a function of cooling rate is also reported. The thermal stability and decomposition energy of amorphous HNAB are compared with those of the crystalline counterpart, being similar heats of decomposition of 3295 and 3392 J/g, respectively; suggesting that the amorphous HNAB will have similar thermal stability and chemical energy to the crystalline form.
Serum levels of chromogranin are not predictive of poorly differentiated prostate cancer: Results from a multicenter radical prostatectomy cohort
Authors: Lombardo Riccardo , Rovesti Lorenzo , Cicione Antonio , Gravina Carmen , Franco Antonio , Stira Jordi , Simone Giuseppe , D'Annunzio Simone , Nacchia Antonio , Papalia Rocco , Mastroianni Riccardo , Collura Devis , Brassetti Aldo , Vecchione Andrea , Muto Giovanni , Gallucci Michele , Tubaro Andrea , De Nunzio Cosimo 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundRecently a possible link between elevated Chromogranin A (CgA) levels and poorly differentiated prostate cancer has been proposed. The aim of our study was to explore the association of CgA levels and the risk of poorly differentiated prostate cancer (PCa) in men undergoing radical retropubic prostatectomy (RRP).Materials and MethodsFrom 2012 onwards, 335 consecutive men undergoing RRP for PCa at three centers in Italy were enrolled into a prospective database. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated before RRP. Blood samples were collected and tested for total prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) levels and chromogranin A (CgA). We evaluated the association between serum levels of CgA and upstaging and upgrading using logistic regression analyses.ResultsMedian age and preoperative PSA levels were 65 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 60–69) and 7.2 ng/ml (IQR: 5.3–10.4), respectively. Median BMI was 26.1 kg/m2 (IQR: 24–29) with 56 (16%) obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2). Median CgA levels were 51 (39/71). Overall, 129/335 (38,5%) presented an upstaging, and 99/335 (30%) presented an upgrading. CgA was not a predictor of upstaging or upgrading on RP.ConclusionsIn our multicenter cohort of patients, CgA is not a predictor of poorly differentiated PCa on radical prostatectomy. According to our experience, CgA should not be considered a reliable marker to predict poorly differentiated or advanced prostate cancer.
Coherent Quantum Emitters in Hexagonal Boron Nitride
Authors: Kubanek Alexander 
Published: August 2022

AbstractHexagonal boron nitride is an emerging 2D material with far‐reaching applications in fields like nanophotonics or nanomechanics. Its layered architecture plays a key role for new materials such as Van der Waals heterostructures. The layered structure has also unique implications for hosted, optically active defect centers. A very special type of defect center arises from the possibility to host mechanically isolated orbitals localized between the layers. The resulting absence of coupling to low‐frequency acoustic phonons turns out to be the essential element to protect the coherence of optical transitions from mechanical interactions with the environment. Consequently, the spectral transition linewidth remains unusually narrow even at room temperature, thus paving a new way toward coherent quantum optics under ambient conditions. In this review, the state‐of‐the‐art of defect centers in hexagonal boron nitride is summarized with a focus on optically coherent defect centers. The current understanding of the defect centers, remaining questions, and potential research directions to overcome pervasive challenges are discussed. The field is put into a broad perspective with impact on quantum technology such as quantum optics, quantum photonics, as well as spin optomechanics.
Advice for isolated statisticians collaborating in academic healthcare centre settings
Authors: Mehta C. Christina , Stedman Margaret R. , Rao Sowmya R. , Podolsky Robert 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA substantial number of statisticians work in isolated domain science departments without access to support networks and resources typical of larger statistical units. These isolated statisticians face many challenges including limited professional networks, non‐traditional roles with idiosyncratic expectations and unique career paths. Furthermore, “the curse of success” lies ahead, as success of the department may only lead to greater demand and lagging support for the services needed. We provide suggestions for career development in an isolated environment by urging statisticians to build their network and become engaged with other statisticians to reduce isolation and identify mentors. We discuss the importance of regular communication with their supervisors to define one's role and navigate the change in expectations in the transition from a supporting role to a co‐investigator to a core leader. To help with “the curse of success,” we explain how to develop a business model with a plan for future expansion and professional development. We conclude that isolation should not be perceived as a limitation. Opportunities and resources exist within the American Statistical Association (ASA) to reduce isolation and support career development. However, there is a need for a formal career path along with evaluation criteria and example business models to support isolated statisticians striving to become core leaders.
Local Search for SMT on Linear Integer Arithmetic
Authors: Cai Shaowei , Li Bohan , Zhang Xindi 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSatisfiability Modulo Linear Integer Arithmetic, SMT (LIA) for short, has significant applications in many domains. In this paper, we develop the first local search algorithm for SMT (LIA) by directly operating on variables, breaking through the traditional framework. We propose a local search framework by considering the distinctions between Boolean and integer variables. Moreover, we design a novel operator and scoring functions tailored for LIA, and propose a two-level operation selection heuristic. Putting these together, we develop a local search SMT (LIA) solver called LS-LIA. Experiments are carried out to evaluate LS-LIA on benchmarks from SMTLIB and two benchmark sets generated from job shop scheduling and data race detection. The results show that LS-LIA is competitive and complementary with state-of-the-art SMT solvers, and performs particularly well on those formulae with only integer variables. A simple sequential portfolio with Z3 improves the state-of-the-art on satisfiable benchmark sets of LIA and IDL benchmarks from SMT-LIB. LS-LIA also solves Job Shop Scheduling benchmarks substantially faster than traditional complete SMT solvers.
SMT-Based Translation Validation for Machine Learning Compiler
Authors: Bang Seongwon , Nam Seunghyeon , Chun Inwhan , Jhoo Ho Young , Lee Juneyoung 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMachine learning compilers are large software containing complex transformations for deep learning models, and any buggy transformation may cause a crash or silently bring a regression to the prediction accuracy and performance. This paper proposes an SMT-based translation validation framework for Multi-Level IR (MLIR), a compiler framework used by many deep learning compilers. It proposes an SMT encoding tailored for translation validation that is an over-approximation of the FP arithmetic and reduction operations. It performs abstraction refinement if validation fails. We also propose a new approach for encoding arithmetic properties of reductions in SMT. We found mismatches between the specification and implementation of MLIR, and validated high-level transformations for , , and with proper splitting.
Quantization of interacting Galilean field theories
Authors: Banerjee Kinjal , Sharma Aditya 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We present the quantum field description of Galilean electrodynamics minimally coupled to massless Galilean fermion in (3 + 1)-dimensions. At classical level, the Lagrangian is obtained as a null reduction of a relativistic theory in one higher dimension. We use functional techniques to develop the quantum field description of the theory. Quantum corrections to the propagators and vertex are obtained upto first order and the theory is found to be renormalizable to this order. The beta function of the theory is found to grow linearly; the theory is not asymptotically free.
Quasi-local energy and microcanonical entropy in two-dimensional nearly de Sitter gravity
Authors: Svesko Andrew , Verheijden Evita , Verlinde Erik P. , Visser Manus R. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We study the semi-classical thermodynamics of two-dimensional de Sitter space (dS2) in Jackiw-Teitelboim (JT) gravity coupled to conformal matter. We extend the quasi-local formalism of Brown and York to dS2, where a timelike boundary is introduced in the static patch to uniquely define conserved charges, including quasi-local energy. The boundary divides the static patch into two systems, a cosmological system and a black hole system, the former being unstable under thermal fluctuations while the latter is stable. A semi-classical quasi-local first law is derived, where the Gibbons–Hawking entropy is replaced by the generalized entropy. In the microcanonical ensemble the generalized entropy is stationary. Further, we show the on-shell Euclidean microcanonical action of a causal diamond in semi-classical JT gravity equals minus the generalized entropy of the diamond, hence extremization of the entropy follows from minimizing the action. Thus, we provide a first principles derivation of the island rule for U(1) symmetric dS2 backgrounds, without invoking the replica trick. We discuss the implications of our findings for static patch de Sitter holography.
Annihilogenesis
Authors: Arakawa Jason , Rajaraman Arvind , Tait Tim M. P. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We investigate a novel interplay between the decay and annihilation of a particle whose mass undergoes a large shift during a first order phase transition, leading to the particles becoming trapped in the false vacuum and enhancing their annihilation rates as the bubbles of true vacuum expand. This opens up a large region of the parameter space where annihilations can be important. We apply this scenario to baryogenesis, where we find that annihilations can be enhanced enough to generate the required baryon asymmetry even for relatively tiny annihilation cross sections with modest CP asymmetries.
Cytidine deaminase deficiency in tumor cells is associated with sensitivity to a naphthol derivative and a decrease in oncometabolite levels
Authors: Mameri Hamza , Buhagiar-Labarchède Géraldine , Fontaine Gaëlle , Corcelle Céline , Barette Caroline , Onclercq-Delic Rosine , Beauvineau Claire , Mahuteau-Betzer Florence , Amor-Guéret Mounira 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIdentifying new molecular targets for novel anticancer treatments is a major challenge in clinical cancer research. We have shown that cytidine deaminase (CDA) expression is downregulated in about 60% of cancer cells and tissues. In this study, we aimed to develop a new anticancer treatment specifically inhibiting the growth of CDA-deficient tumor cells. High-throughput screening of a chemical library led to the identification of a naphthol derivative, X55, targeting CDA-deficient tumor cells preferentially, without affecting the growth of non-tumoral cells regardless of CDA expression status. Metabolomic profiling revealed that CDA-deficient HeLa cells differed markedly from control HeLa cells. X55 treatment had a moderate effect on control cells, but greatly disturbed the metabolome of CDA-deficient HeLa cells, worsening the deregulation of many metabolites. In particular, the levels of the three oncometabolites, fumarate, succinate and 2-hydroxyglutarate, were significantly lower in CDA-depleted cells, and this decrease in levels was exacerbated by X55 treatment, revealing an unexpected link between CDA deficiency, mitochondrial function and X55 response. Finally, we identified strong downregulation of MAPT (encoding Tau, a microtubule associated protein) expression as a reliable predictive marker for tumor cell X55 sensitivity.
Fighting Science with Science: Counter-Expertise Production in Anti-Shale Gas Mobilizations in France and Poland
Authors: Cantoni Roberto 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBetween the second half of the 2000s and the first half of the 2010s, the prospect of shale gas extraction in Europe at first prompted fervent political support, then met with local and national opposition, and was finally rendered moot by a global collapse in the oil price. In the Europe-wide protests against shale gas and the main technique employed to extract it, hydraulic fracturing (or fracking), counter-expertise played a crucial role. This kind of expertise is one of the main elements of “energy citizenship,” a concept recently developed in the field of energy humanities which describes the empowerment of citizens in decision-making processes related to energy issues. This paper provides a socio-historical analysis of the co-production of counter-expertise and energy citizenship in the two European countries endowed with the largest shale gas reserves: Poland and France. In my analysis, concerns over the disruption of the food-water-energy nexus due to possible pollution emerge as particularly important. I argue that the exchange of information between activist groups and NGOs, as well as between activist groups from distant European locations, allowed for the creation of a genuinely transnational and science-based anti-fracking movement.
On the decidability of finding a positive ILP-instance in a regular set of ILP-instances
Authors: Wolf Petra 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe regular intersection emptiness problem for a decision problemP($${{\textit{int}}_{{\mathrm {Reg}}}}$$intReg(P)) is to decide whether a potentially infinite regular set of encodedP-instances contains a positive one. Since$${{\textit{int}}_{{\mathrm {Reg}}}}$$intReg(P) is decidable for some NP-complete problems and undecidable for others, its investigation provides insights in the nature of NP-complete problems. Moreover, the decidability of the$${{\textit{int}}_{{\mathrm {Reg}}}}$$intReg-problem is usually achieved by exploiting the regularity of the set of instances; thus, it also establishes a connection to formal language and automata theory. We consider the$${{\textit{int}}_{{\mathrm {Reg}}}}$$intReg-problem for the well-known NP-complete problemInteger Linear Programming(ILP). It is shown that any DFA that describes a set ofILP-instances (in a natural encoding) can be reduced to a finite core of instances that contains a positive one if and only if the original set of instances did. This result yields the decidability of$${{\textit{int}}_{{\mathrm {Reg}}}}$$intReg(ILP).
Bacterial communities of hookah tobacco products are diverse and differ across brands and flavors
Authors: Malayil Leena , Chattopadhyay Suhana , Mongodin Emmanuel F. , Sapkota Amy R. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Young adults are increasingly using non-cigarette products, such as hookahs, since they are perceived as healthier alternatives to cigarette smoking. However, hookah users are exposed to not only carcinogenic compounds but also microorganisms that may play an active role in the development of both infectious and chronic diseases among users. Nevertheless, existing hookah research in this area has focused only on microorganisms that may be transferred to users through the smoking apparatus and not on bacterial communities associated with hookah tobacco. To address this knowledge gap, we conducted time-series experiments on commercially available hookah brands (Al Fakher (flavors: two apple, mint, and watermelon) and Fumari (flavors: white gummy bear, ambrosia, and mint chocolate chill)) stored under three different temperature and relative humidity conditions over 14 days. To characterize bacterial communities, the total DNA was extracted on days 0, 5, 9, and 14, PCR-amplified for the V3V4 region of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene, sequenced on the Illumina HiSeq platform, and analyzed using R. Diversity (alpha and beta) analyses revealed that the microbiotas of Fumari and Al Fakher products differed significantly and that flavor had a significant effect on the hookah microbiota. Overall, Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Sphingomonas, and Methylobacterium were the predominant bacterial taxa across all products. Additionally, we observed compositional differences between hookah brands across the 14-day incubation. These data suggest that the bacterial communities of hookah tobacco are diverse and differ across brands and flavors, which may have critical implications regarding exposures to specific bacteria among hookah users.

Key points
• Commercial hookah products harbor diverse bacterial communities.
• Brands and flavors impact the diversity of these communities.
• Research on their viability and transmission to users’ respiratory tracts is needed.

Graphical abstract
Whole-body MRI in oncology: can a single anatomic T2 Dixon sequence replace the combination of T1 and STIR sequences to detect skeletal metastasis and myeloma?
Authors: Chiabai Ophelye , Van Nieuwenhove Sandy , Vekemans Marie-Christiane , Tombal Bertrand , Peeters Frank , Wuts Joris , Triqueneaux Perrine , Omoumi Patrick , Kirchgesner Thomas , Michoux Nicolas , Lecouvet Frédéric E. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objectives
To compare the diagnostic accuracy of a single T2 Dixon sequence to the combination T1+STIR as anatomical sequences used for detecting tumoral bone marrow lesions in whole-body MRI (WB-MRI) examinations.

Methods
Between January 2019 and January 2020, seventy-two consecutive patients (55 men, 17 women, median age = 66 years) with solid (prostate, breast, neuroendocrine) cancers at high risk of metastasis or proven multiple myeloma (MM) prospectively underwent a WB-MRI examination including coronal T1, STIR, T2 Dixon and axial diffusion-weighted imaging sequences. Two radiologists independently assessed the combination of T1+STIR sequences and the fat+water reconstructions from the T2 Dixon sequence. The reference standard was established by consensus reading of WB-MRI and concurrent imaging available at baseline and at 6 months. Repeatability and reproducibility of MRI scores (presence and semi-quantitative count of lesions), image quality (SNR: signal-to-noise, CNR: contrast-to-noise, CRR: contrast-to-reference ratios), and diagnostic characteristics (Se: sensitivity, Sp: specificity, Acc: accuracy) were assessed per-skeletal region and per-patient.

Results
Repeatability and reproducibility were at least good regardless of the score, region, and protocol (0.67 ≤ AC1 ≤ 0.98). CRR was higher on T2 Dixon fat compared to T1 (p < 0.0001) and on T2 Dixon water compared to STIR (p = 0.0128). In the per-patient analysis, Acc of the T2 Dixon fat+water was higher than that of T1+STIR for the senior reader (Acc = +0.027 [+0.025; +0.029], p < 0.0001) and lower for the junior reader (Acc = −0.029 [−0.031; −0.027], p < 0.0001).

Conclusions
A single T2 Dixon sequence with fat+water reconstructions offers similar reproducibility and diagnostic accuracy as the recommended combination of T1+STIR sequences and can be used for skeletal screening in oncology, allowing significant time-saving.

Key Points
• Replacement of the standard anatomic T1 + STIR WB-MRI protocol by a single T2 Dixon sequence drastically shortens the examination time without loss of diagnostic accuracy.
• A protocol based on fat + water reconstructions from a single T2 Dixon sequence offers similar inter-reader agreement and a higher contrast-to-reference ratio for detecting lesions compared to the standard T1 + STIR protocol.
• Differences in the accuracy between the two protocols are marginal (+ 3% in favor of the T2 Dixon with the senior reader; −3% against the T2 Dixon with the junior reader).