bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Q.Clear Reconstruction for Reducing the Scanning Time for 68Gallium-DOTA-FAPI-04 PET/MR Imaging
Authors: Ruan Weiwei , Qin Chunxia , Liu Fang , Pi Rundong , Gai Yongkang , Liu Qingyao , Lan Xiaoli 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Purpose: To determine whether Q.Clear positron emission tomography (PET) reconstruction may reduce tracer injection dose or shorten scanning time in 68Ga fibroblast activation protein inhibitor (FAPI) PET/magnetic resonance (MR) imaging.
Methods: We retrospectively collected cases of 68Ga-FAPI whole-body imaging performed on integrated PET/MR. PET images were reconstructed using three different methods: Ordered Subset Expectation Maximization (OSEM) reconstruction with full scanning time, OSEM reconstruction with half scanning time, and Q.Clear reconstruction with half scanning time. We then measured standardized uptake values (SUVs) within and around lesions, alongside their volumes. We also evaluated image quality using lesion-to-background (L/B) ratio and signal to noise ratio (SNR). We then compared these metrics across the three reconstruction techniques using statistical methods.
Results: Q.Clear reconstruction significantly increased SUVmax and SUVmean within lesions (by almost 40%) and reduced their volumes in comparison with OSEM reconstruction. Background SUVmax also increased significantly, while background SUVmean showed no difference. Average L/B values for Q.Clear reconstruction were only marginally higher than those from OSME reconstruction with half-time (full-time). SNR decreased significantly in Q.Clear reconstruction compared with OSEM reconstruction with full time (but not half time). Differences between Q.Clear and OSEM reconstructions in SUVmax and SUVmean values within lesions were significantly correlated with SUVs within lesions.
Conclusions: Q.Clear reconstruction was useful for reducing PET injection dose or scanning time while maintaining the image quality. Q.Clear may affect PET quantification and it is necessary to establish diagnostic recommendations based on Q.Clear results for Q.Clear application.
Cognitive control and Mood in relation to Psychological Resilience: An Ecological Momentary Assessment Study
Authors: Nahum Mor , Sinvani Rachel-Tzofia , Afek Anat , Avraham Rina Ben , Jordan Joshua T. , Yehuda Ariel Ben , Cohen Noa Berezin , Davidov Alex , Gilboa Yafit 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Psychological resilience - the ability to adapt to adversity - is associated with intact inhibitory control (IC) mechanisms, which support goal-directed behavior. To date, no study has examined the daily fluctuations of IC performance in relation to resilience. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between IC and mood in young adults in a stressful situation in relation to psychological resilience. A baseline resilience test was conducted on 156 female and male soldiers during their basic combat training. Afterward, participants completed a 2-week ecological momentary assessment protocol, which included reporting their momentary moods and completing an IC assessment twice/day. A hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) analysis revealed that psychological resilience moderated the relationship between momentary IC and momentary mood, with better IC only being associated with better mood for those with higher, but not lower, baseline psychological resilience. This association was present only for female, but not for male participants. The study demonstrates that psychological resilience manifests itself in the everyday association between IC and mood. Additionally, these results contribute to our understanding of resilient behavior in the real world by supporting cognitive models of resilience. Trial Registration: MOH_2018-0-13_002451
Synthesis, structure, hirshfeld surface analysis, non-covalent interaction, and in silico studies of 4-hydroxy-1-[(4-nitrophenyl)sulphonyl]pyrrolidine-2-carboxyllic acid
Authors: Ugwu David Izuchukwu , Eze Florence Uchenna , Ezeorah Chigozie Julius , Rhyman Lydia , Ramasami Ponnadurai , Tania Groutso , Eze Cosmas Chinweike , Uzoewulu Chiamaka Peace , Ogboo Blessing Chinweotito , Okpareke Obinna Chibueze 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The new compound 4-hydroxy-1-[(4-nitrophenyl)sulphonyl]pyrrolidine-2-carboxyllic acid was obtained by the reaction of 4-hydroxyproline with 4-nitrobenzenesulphonyl chloride. The compound was characterized using X-ray diffraction studies. Spectroscopic methods including NMR, FTIR, ES-MS, and UV were employed for further structural analysis of the synthesized compound. The title compound was found to have crystallized in an orthorhombic crystal system with space group P212121. The S1-N1 bond length of 1.628 (2) Å was a strong indication of the formation of the title compound. The absence of characteristic downfield 1H NMR peak of pyrrolidine ring and the presence of S-N stretching vibration at 857.82 cm− 1 on the FTIR are strong indications for the formation of the sulfonamide. The experimental study was complemented with computations at the B3LYP/6-311G++(d,p) level of theory to gain more understanding of interactions in the compound at the molecular level. Noncovalent interaction, Hirsfeld surface analysis and interaction energy calculations were employed in the analysis of the supramolecular architecture of the compound. Predicted ADMET parameters, awarded suitable bioavailability credentials, while the molecular docking study indicated that the compound enchants promising inhibition prospects against dihydropteroate synthase, DNA topoisomerase, and SARS-CoV-2 spike.
FHL3 promotes the formation of fast glycolytic muscle fibers by interacting with YY1 and muscle glycolytic metabolism
Authors: Bai Wei , Zhang Yunxia , Ma Jun , Du Mengmeng , Xu Haiyang , Wang Jian , Zhang Lu , Li Wentao , Hou Yunqing , Liu Xiaomeng , Zhang Xinyue , Peng Yaxin , Li Jianan , Zhan Xizhen , Jiang Wei , Liu Shengsi , Liu Xiao , Li Qinying , Miao Yang , Sui Mengru , Yang Yuhan , Xu Zaiyan , Zuo Bo 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The proportions of the various muscle fiber types are important in the regulation of skeletal muscle metabolism, as well as animal meat production. Four-and-a-half LIM domain protein 3 (FHL3) is highly expressed in fast glycolytic muscle fibers and differentially regulates the expression of myosin heavy chain (MyHC) isoforms at the cellular level. Whether FHL3 regulates the transformation of muscle fiber types in vivo and the regulatory mechanism are unclear. In this study, muscle-specific FHL3 transgenic mice were generated by random integration, and lentivirus-mediated gene knockdown or overexpression in muscles of mice or pigs was conducted. Functional analysis showed that overexpression of FHL3 in muscles significantly increased the proportion of fast-twitch myofibers and muscle mass but decreased muscle succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) activity and whole-body oxygen consumption. Lentivirus-mediated FHL3 knockdown in muscles significantly decreased muscle mass and the proportion of fast-twitch myofibers. Mechanistically, FHL3 directly interacted with the Yin yang 1(YY1) DNA-binding domain, repressed the binding of YY1 to the fast glycolytic MyHC2b gene 5' regulatory region, and thereby decreased MyHC2b expression. FHL3 also competed with EZH2 to bind the repression domain of YY1 and reduced H3K27me3 enrichment in the MyHC2b regulatory region. Moreover, FHL3 overexpression reduced glucose tolerance by affecting muscle glycolytic metabolism, and its mRNA expression in muscle was positively associated with hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) in patients with type 2 diabetes. Therefore, FHL3 is a novel potential target gene for the treatment of muscle metabolism-related diseases and improvement of animal meat production.
Production of xylooligosaccharides and monosaccharides from switchgrass by FeCl3 hydrolysis combined with sodium perborate pretreatment
Authors: Gao Kaikai , Chen Yu , Wang Hanxing , Quan Xiyu , Chu Jie , Zhang Junhua 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The production of xylooligosaccharides (XOS) using metal salt-catalyzed hydrolysis has the advantages of rapid reaction and mild conditions. At present, no metal salt has been reported that can be used to produce XOS from switchgrass. In this study, the productions of XOS from switchgrass using the hydrolysis of FeCl3 and that of FeCl2 were compared with each other, and the residual lignin in FeCl3-hydrolyzed switchgrass was removed using sodium perborate (SPB) for producing monosaccharides. The highest XOS (X2-X6) of 40.7% was obtained from switchgrass using the hydrolysis of 25 mM FeCl3 at 160°C for 50 min. The optimized conditions for the SPB pretreatment of FeCl3-hydrolyzed switchgrass were 8% (w/v) SPB, 70°C, and 4 h, which removed 75.5% of lignin and retained 90.5% of glucan. After the hydrolysis of switchgrass’s solid residue using cellulase, 87.5% glucose and 95.0% xylose were obtained. The results suggest that the hydrolysis of FeCl3 combined with SPB pretreatment is an efficient novel method for producing XOS and monosaccharides from switchgrass under relatively mild conditions.
Efficient determination of the Hamiltonian and electronic properties using graph neural network
Authors: Gong Xinggao , Su Mao , Yang Jihui , Xiang Hongjun 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Despite past decades have witnessed many successes of machine learning methods in physical sciences, prediction of the Hamiltonian, and thus electronic properties, is still unsatisfactory. Here, based on graph neural network architecture, we present an extendable neural network model to determine the Hamiltonian from ab initio data, with only local atomic structures as inputs. The local coordinates information, encoded using the convolutional neural network and designed to preserve Hermitian symmetry, is used to map hopping parameters onto local structures. We demonstrate the performance of our model using graphene and SiGe random alloys as examples. We show that our neural network model, although trained using small-size systems, can predict the Hamiltonian, as well as electronic properties such as band structures and densities of states (DOS) for large-size systems within the ab initio accuracy, justifying its extensibility. In combination with the high efficiency of our model, which takes only seconds to get the Hamiltonian of a 1728-atom system, present work provides a general framework to predict electronic properties efficiently and accurately, which provides new insights into computational physics and will accelerate the research for large-scale materials.
Symmetric Peer-to-Peer Applications
Authors: Sant’Anna Francisco 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In real-time networked applications, such as collaborative documents, users can interact remotelyand yet share the exact same experience as if they were using a single machine. In this work,we propose a middleware for symmetric peer-to-peer applications in which decentralized instancescan broadcast asynchronous events and yet conform to identical behavior. Peers are allowed tojoin and leave the network at any time. Application developers must adhere to a determinis-tic and stateless API. The middleware is responsible for synchronizing the events in a globalshared timeline across the network. Also, based on memory snapshots and deterministic simu-lation, a “time machine” can rollback conflicting peers to resynchronize their states. We showthat the middleware can handle applications with over 20 peers in a heterogeneous topologiesunder high churns. For instance, in a simulation scenario with a network latency of 50ms and 25 events per minute, the peers need to roll back and resynchronize only 3% of the time.
A cisplatin conjugate with tumor cell specificity exhibits antitumor effects in renal cancer models
Authors: Mrdenovic Stefan , Wang Yanping , Yin Lijuan , Chu Gina , Ou Yan , Lewis Michael , Heffer Marija , Posadas Edwin , Zhau Haiyen , Chung Leland , Edderkaoui Mouad , Pandol Stephen , Wang Ruoxiang , Zhang Yi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common type of kidney cancer and is notorious for its resistance to both chemotherapy and small-molecule inhibitor targeted therapies. Subcellular targeted cancer therapy may thwart the resistance to produce a substantial effect.
Methods
We tested whether the resistance can be circumvented by subcellular targeted cancer therapy with DZ-CIS, which is a chemical conjugate of the tumor-cell specific heptamethine carbocyanine dye (HMCD) with cisplatin (CIS), a chemotherapeutic drug with limited use in ccRCC treatment because of frequent renal toxicity.
Results
DZ-CIS displayed cytocidal effects on Caki-1, 786-O, ACHN, and SN12C human ccRCC cell lines and mouse Renca cells in a dose-dependent manner and inhibited ACHN and Renca tumor formation in experimental mouse models. Noticeably, in tumor-bearing mice, repeated DZ-CIS use did not cause renal toxicity, in contrast to the CIS-treated control animals. In ccRCC tumors, DZ-CIS treatment inhibited proliferation markers but induced cell death marker levels. In addition, DZ-CIS at half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) sensitized Caki-1 cells to small-molecule mTOR inhibitors. Mechanistically, DZ-CIS selectively accumulated in ccRCC cells' subcellular organelles, where it damages the structure and function of mitochondria, leading to cytochrome C release, caspase activation, and apoptotic cancer cell death.
Conclusions
Results from this study strongly suggest DZ-CIS be tested as a safe and effective subcellular targeted cancer therapy.
Ground-Penetrating Radar System, Measurement and Data Analysis for Investigating and Understanding Tree Root System Architecture
Authors: Takahashi Kazunori , Aoike Kunio , Kajino Ken , Ishizawa Nobuaki 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Ground-penetrating radar has been used for tree root mapping as a non-destructive technique. The conventional data collection is performed on a predefined grid, which is not very suited for tree roots. A method optimised for tree roots, a system that enables the method and data analyses are proposed in the paper.
Methods: The performance of ground-penetrating radar depends on how clearly reflections are recorded and it can be optimised using a circular scan for tree roots, in contrast to the conventionally employed grid scan. A ground-penetrating radar system combined with a total station enabled us to record the accurate locations of the scans, thereby enabling the post-processing of circular scan data.
Results: Data were acquired using circular scanning around a tree. The results clearly exhibited the presence of roots. Thus, the distribution and extension of the root system were mapped. Additionally, detailed root paths were reconstructed in a 3D space based on manually selected hyperbolic signatures on B-scans. The result corresponded excellently to the actual roots observed during the excavation.
Conclusion: Tree root mapping by applying an imaging algorithm provided an easy and quick means of understanding the distribution. Further analysis enabled us to reconstruct the details of the tree root shape and distribution. Both data analyses required accurate positioning for improved results. The system and data analyses were very useful in understanding root architecture and studying the impact of subsurface conditions on the growth of tree roots.
Estimation of Glacier Mass Balance using Remote Sensing and GIS Technology in the Hindu-Kush region of northern Pakistan
Authors: Bibi Sidra , Shafique Muhammad Shafique , Ali neelum , Naznin Sehla , Liaqat Liaqat , Baig Siddique Uallah , Gul Rehman 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The Hindu Kush range of northern Pakistan has a large variety of Alpine and valley glaciers. These glaciers are subjected to volumetric changes owing to a host of factors (i.e., altitude, slope, glacier types, and aspect). The geodetic survey and field-based data are not available for assessment of glacier’s ELA for the Hindu Kush due to rough topography and rigorous climate. However, the mass balance of the alpine and valley glaciers can be obtained through Equilibrium Line Altitude (ELA) and Accumulation Area Ratio (AAR). Therefore, this study deals with the estimation of ELA, the hypsometrically controlled methods based on AAR and Accumulation Area Balance Ratio (AABR). The various ratio of AAR and AABR is applied to obtain the glacier ELAs of valley glaciers. AAR-ELAs are estimated based on ratios between 0.4–0.8 with 0.05 interval a d 0.67–4.4 with 0.01 for AABR-ELAs Moreover, the glacier contours with the interval of 50 m ± 5 m are employed for these estimations. This technique adjusted glacier hypsometry and area with the constant AAR ratio (rather than constant glacier area) to calculate the ELA variations. The results show that for AAR (0.5), 50m ELA declined from 5409 to 5359 m and reducing 4% the geometric area. The maximum decrease of 150 m ELA for these glaciers is reported for the AAR-AABR ratio 0.1–4.4, showing a significant decrease. The estimated decrease in the glacier area of Hindu-Kush glaciers is extremely variable specifically in Phargam, Khorabohr and Gordoghan.
Surgical landmarks for identification and preservation of the internal branch of the superior laryngeal nerve
Authors: Türk Bilge , Canda Buket , Pençe Kadriye Betül , Yüzbaşıoğlu Neslihan , Turgut Suat 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Objective: To determine the topographical anatomic features of the internal branch of the superior laryngeal nerve (ibSLN) at the thyrohyoid membrane entrance area in relation to certain consistent anatomical structures.
Material-Method: Twenty-two fresh adult head cadavers (9 male, 13 female; age range 52- 95 years) with no signs of abnormality in the neck were dissected to determine the anatomic relationship of ibSLN and superior border of thyroid cartilage, thyroid notch, carotis bifurcation, hyoid corpus and hyoid greater cornus.
Result: The topographical relationship between ibSLN and superior border of thyroid cartilage, thyroid notch, carotis bifurcation, hyoid corpus and hyoid greater cornus was identified bilaterally in all cadavers.
Conclusion: We provided the surgical anatomy and important landmarks for determining the internal branch of superior laryngeal nerve in the thyrohyoid membrane entrance region to avoid surgical damage during surgeries of this region.
Association between statin use and open-angle glaucoma: A nested case–control study using the Japanese claims database
Authors: Yokoyama Satoshi , Nakagawa Chihiro , Hosomi Kouichi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: The association between statins and open-angle glaucoma (OAG) remains controversial.
Aim: This study investigated the relationship between statins and OAG in Japanese patients with dyslipidemia using the Japanese administrative claims database.
Methods: A nested case–control study using two models was conducted using the JMDC claims database (01/2005–01/2020). The onset of OAG: index date was defined as the diagnosis of glaucoma, prescription of anti-glaucoma drugs, or surgery of glaucoma. For each case, 10 age-, sex-, and calendar year/month-matched controls were randomly selected from the risk sets. The number of statin prescriptions during the exposure period, which was identified as the12-month (model 1) or 24-month (model 2) periods prior to the index date, was used as an indicator for statin exposure. Adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were estimated using multivariable conditional logistic regression analyses.
Results: We identified 378,494 patients with newly diagnosed dyslipidemia. Of them, 6,281 cases and 62,804 controls (model 1) and 4,229 cases and 42,284 controls (model 2) were selected. Significant risk factors commonly identified in the two models were diabetes mellitus, myopia, and steroid use. Statin use was not identified as a significant risk factor for OAG (model 1: aOR 0.99, 95% CI 0.94–1.05, model 2: aOR 0.96, 95% CI 0.90–1.03).
Conclusion: Compared with non-exposure, short-term exposure (<2 years) to statins was not related to increased risk of OAG in Japanese working-age population with dyslipidemia.
Concentration Levels of BDNF, PI3K, AKT, and CREB Predict Depressed Mood and Impulsive Behavior in First-Episode Drug- Naive Schizophrenia Patients
Authors: Li Shan , Lu Cailian , Kang Lin , Li Qianqian , Chen Hongxu , Zhang Han , Tang Ziling , Lin Yanwen , Bai Meiyan , Xiong Peng 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
The pathogenesis of schizophrenia remains unknown. Nearly half of the patients with schizophrenia have a combination of depressive symptoms and even some impulsive behaviors. Accurate diagnosis of this disorder has been a great challenge. Molecular biology plays an important role in the study of its pathogenesis.
Objective
This study is committed to analyze the correlation between depressed mood and impulsive behavior and serum protein factor levels in first-episode drug-naive schizophrenia patients.
Methods
Seventy first-episode drug-naive schizophrenia patients and 69 healthy controls from a physical examination center during the same period participated in this study. Peripheral blood concentrations of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K), protein kinase B (AKT), and cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) were measured using Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) in the patient and control groups. The Chinese version of the Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia (CDSS) was used to assess depressed mood. The Chinese version of the Short UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale (S-UPPS-P) was used to assess impulsive behavior.
Results
Serum BDNF, PI3K and CREB concentrations in the patient group were lower than those in the control group, while AKT concentrations were higher than those in the control group. The total CDSS and S-UPPS-P scores were higher in the patient group than in the control group. The total CDSS score was negatively correlated with the concentrations of BDNF, PI3K and CREB, and positively correlated with the concentrations of AKT in the patient group. The total S-UPPS-P score in the patient group was negatively correlated with BDNF, PI3K, and CREB concentrations and positively correlated with AKT concentrations. Premeditation subscore of S-UPPS-P was not significantly correlated with BDNF, PI3K, AKT, and CREB concentrations.
Conclusion
Our findings show significant differences between the levels of BDNF, PI3K, AKT, and CREB concentrations in the peripheral blood of patients with first-episode drug-naive schizophrenia and controls. The concentration levels of these serum proteins could be used as biomarkers for the prediction of mood and impulsive behavior in schizophrenia.
Saccadic Eye Movement Speed Can Explain the Large Variations in Phantom Array Effect Visibility
Authors: Kang Hyeran , Lee Chan-Su , Kim Jun-Gi , Pak Hyensou 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The phantom array effect is one of the temporal light artefacts that can decrease performance and increase fatigue. The phantom array effect visibility shows large individual differences; however, the dominant factors that can explain these individual differences remain unclear. We investigated the relationship between saccadic eye movement speed and phantom array visibility at two different distances and four different directions of saccadic eye movement. The peak speed of saccadic eye movement and the phantom array effect visibility were measured at different modulation frequencies of the light source. Our results show that phantom array visibility increased as eye movement speed increased; the visibility of eye movement speed of a wide viewing distance was higher than that of a narrow one, and the peak speed of eye movement at a wide viewing distance was higher than that of a narrow one. Moreover, when clustered into subgroups according to individual eye movement speed, the mean speed of the saccadic eye movement of each subgroup can explain the variations in the visibility of the phantom array effect of the subgroup. Therefore, saccadic eye movement speed can affect the visibility of the phantom array effect.