bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Through the zipper or pants down: Does it change uroflowmetry parameters in healthy males?
Authors: Dönmez Muhammet İrfan , Özkent Mehmet Serkan , Hamarat Mustafa Bilal , Kocalar Mehmet 
Published: April 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate if voiding through the zipper or voiding pants down would make any difference with regard to uroflowmetry parameters and postvoiding residual urine (PVR) volumes in healthy males with no lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS).MethodsHealthy males over 18 years of age with no LUTS were prospectively evaluated using a uroflowmetry test. Each individual was asked to void through the zipper (group 1) and pants down (group 2) at different times. The uroflowmetry test was repeated if the voided volume did not exceed 150 mL. Uroflowmetry results such as voided volume, maximum flow rate (Qmax), average flow rate (Qave), and duration of voiding were noted. PVR volume was assessed using ultrasonography. Electromyography was not used. Data are shown as mean ± standard deviation. For statistical analysis, a paired t test was used to analyze parametric parameters.ResultsA total of 44 males were enrolled. The median age of the individuals was 24 (range 18‐44 years). There were no statistically significant differences between the two measurements in terms of voided volume (307 ± 121 mL vs 325 ± 145 mL, P = .365) and duration of voiding (25 ± 11 s vs 23.8 ± 11.6 s, P = .526). However, there were statistically significant differences in Qmax (26.6 ± 6.7 mL/s vs 30.0 ± 8.2 mL/s, P = .001), Qave (14.4 ± 3.6 mL/s vs 16.2 ± 5.1 mL/s, P = .009), and PVR volumes (23.9 ± 19.4 mL vs 3.9 ± 9.6 mL, P = .0001).ConclusionVoiding pants down shows higher flow rates and lower PVR than voiding through the zipper in individuals with no LUTS. Future studies with a larger number of individuals (including those with LUTS) and a broader age range cohort are required for solid conclusions.
Windfall revenues from windfarms: How do county governments respond to increases in the local tax base induced by wind energy installations?
Authors: Brunner Eric J. , Schwegman David J. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWe examine how county governments respond to plausibly random increases in the local tax base generated by wind energy installations using data on the universe of U.S. installations from 1995 through 2017. Wind energy installation led to large increases in county revenue and expenditures, with county governments using this revenue to prioritize spending on highways and hospitals. We also find that wind energy installation led to increases in county property values, suggesting that residents value the enhancements to local public services, property tax reductions, or other changes to local amenities that accompany wind energy installation.
Psychological essentialism and the structure of concepts
Authors: Neufeld Eleonore 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPsychological essentialismis the hypothesis that humans represent some categories as having an underlying essence that unifies members of a category and is causally responsible for their typical attributes and behaviors. Throughout the past several decades, psychological essentialism has emerged as an extremely active area of research in cognitive science. More recently, it has also attracted attention from philosophers, who put the empirical results to use in many different philosophical areas, ranging from philosophy of mind and cognitive science to social philosophy. This article aims to give philosophers who are new to the topic an overview of the key empirical findings surrounding psychological essentialism, and some of the ways the hypothesis and its related findings have been discussed, extended, and applied in philosophical research.
No One Size Fits All. Women Commercial Farm Employment and Fertility in Ethiopia: A Study of Saudi Star and MERTI Agricultural Development Farms☆
Authors: Desta Chalachew Getahun 
Published: April 2022

AbstractModern agricultural farms offer huge potential in creating employment opportunities, which, in turn, are expected to reduce fertility. The Ethiopian government has recently leased out millions of hectares of farmland to investors under highly concessionary terms. However, little is known regarding women's farm employment effect on their fertility. Using survey data, this paper analyzed this link in the context of Saudi Star and Merti Agricultural Development farms. Results showed lower odds of fertility intention among employed women compared to non‐employed women where employment is measured more broadly. This result at a glance appears to be consistent with conventional theory which considers children as resulting from parental choice relative to other essential household goods constrained by resource shortages in the household's utility maximization framework. Where employment is measured rather narrowly (standard way) as in most socioeconomic research, however, the odds of fertility intention is higher. The two results were expected to be reversed since fertility was expected to be lower where employment is measured more narrowly than broadly where a range of employments are included. Additionally, effects associated with the recent establishment of Saudi Star farm compared to the more matured farms in Merti are likely to reduce fertility intention.
Using natural language processing to improve suicide classification requires consideration of race
Authors: Rahman Nusrat , Mozer Reagan , McHugh R. Kathryn , Rockett Ian R. H. , Chow Clifton M. , Vaughan Gregory 
Published: April 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo improve the accuracy of classification of deaths of undetermined intent and to examine racial differences in misclassification.MethodsWe used natural language processing and statistical text analysis on restricted‐access case narratives of suicides, homicides, and undetermined deaths in 37 states collected from the National Violent Death Reporting System (NVDRS) (2017). We fit separate race‐specific classification models to predict suicide among undetermined cases using data from known homicide cases (true negatives) and known suicide cases (true positives).ResultsA classifier trained on an all‐race dataset predicts less than half of these cases as suicide. Importantly, our analysis yields an estimated suicide rate for the Black population comparable with the typical detection rate for the White population, indicating that misclassification excess is endemic for Black suicide. This problem may be mitigated by using race‐specific data. Our findings, based on the statistical text analysis, also reveal systematic differences in the phrases identified as most predictive of suicide.ConclusionsThis study highlights the need to understand the reasons underlying suicide rate differences and for further testing of strategies to reduce misclassification, particularly among people of color.
Learning from experience: Within‐ and between‐person associations of the consequences, frequency, and versatility of nonsuicidal self‐injury
Authors: Robillard Christina L. , Chapman Alexander L. , Turner Brianna J. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractObjectiveBehavioral models of nonsuicidal self‐injury (NSSI) propose that experiencing desirable consequences following NSSI reinforces the behavior. However, these models do not specify whether experiencing more desirable consequences relative to other people (between‐person), an individual's own average (within‐person), or both, predicts NSSI severity. To address this gap, this study investigated the prospective, within‐ and between‐person associations of desirable NSSI consequences with NSSI frequency (number of episodes) and versatility (number of methods).MethodsTwo hundred and ten individuals (93.81% female, Mage = 22.95) with a history of NSSI completed online surveys assessing NSSI consequences, frequency, and versatility every three months for one year.ResultsWithin‐person increases in desirable emotional consequences were unrelated to NSSI frequency three months later but predicted increases in NSSI versatility. Within‐person increases in desirable social consequences predicted decreases in NSSI frequency three months later but were unrelated to NSSI versatility. Between‐person variability in desirable consequences was unrelated to NSSI severity.ConclusionsFindings were partially consistent with behavioral models of NSSI. Going forward, we recommend that: (1) behavioral models articulate the salience of within‐person fluctuations in consequences; (2) research clarifies the role of social consequences; and (3) clinicians use repeated assessments of emotional consequences to identify periods of elevated NSSI risk.
Food and Drug Administration perspective: Advancing product development for non‐healing chronic wounds
Authors: Verma Kapil Dev , Lewis Felisa , Mejia Maryjoy , Chalasani Meghana , Marcus Kendall A. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) understands that innovative product development is essential to addressing the unmet medical need of non‐healing chronic wounds. Barriers to product development for non‐healing chronic wounds may involve but are not limited to a dearth of biological models, challenges in drug delivery, challenges in clinical trial execution, and limited commercial viability. This perspective article discusses FDA's renewed focus on non‐healing chronic wounds and outlines efforts to address identified barriers to product development for non‐healing chronic wounds. In collaboration with key wound healing stakeholders including academia, professional associations, patient groups, reimbursement organizations and industry, FDA intends to help advance product development for non‐healing chronic wounds for the ultimate betterment of patients.
RELIGION, BRAINS, AND PERSONS: THE CONTRIBUTION OF NEUROLOGY PATIENTS AND CLINICIANS TO UNDERSTANDING HUMAN FAITH
Authors: Collicutt Joanna 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis article presents a historical overview of the role played by neurology patients and clinicians in the development of understanding brain–behavior relationships and argues that, even with the advent of sophisticated functional brain imaging techniques, this clinical approach remains valuable. It is particularly important in the biological study of religion, where there is a danger that piecemeal and reductionist approaches will come to dominate. It is argued that religion is a socially located, multifaceted, and embodied phenomenon that occurs not in the brain but in the lives of human persons. Insights drawn from people living with conditions affecting the brain are thus vital for a full understanding of human identity, spirituality, and religion.
HUMANS AS INTERPRETIVE ANIMALS: A PHENOMENOLOGICAL UNDERSTANDING OF WHY HUMANS BEAR GOD'S IMAGE
Authors: Lewis Robert 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe opening chapter of Genesis makes a lofty claim about the human condition: that humans are created in the image of God. But why can humans image God? This article examines four different interpretations of humans as interpretive animals. Following Martin Heidegger's account of Dasein, I argue that humans are interpretive animals, and as such, are suitable creatures to bear God's image. Humans as interpretive animals function as the image of God, not because of divine fiat; instead, humans in their capacities are open to being the image. My argument is not that the image of God is identifiable as particular human features. Instead, it is the fact that humans have specific capacities that make them interpretive animals (e.g., radical openness, thrownness, malleability) and that these traits are constitutive for what it means to be human. Alongside Heidegger, I draw on the works of Charles Taylor, Claudia Welz, and Kathryn Tanner.
Superconducting circuit architecture for digital-analog quantum computing
Authors: Yu Jing , Retamal Juan Carlos , Sanz Mikel , Solano Enrique , Albarrán-Arriagada Francisco 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWe propose a superconducting circuit architecture suitable for digital-analog quantum computing (DAQC) based on an enhanced NISQ family of nearest-neighbor interactions. DAQC makes a smart use of digital steps (single qubit rotations) and analog blocks (parametrized multiqubit operations) to outperform digital quantum computing algorithms. Our design comprises a chain of superconducting charge qubits coupled by superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs). Using magnetic flux control, we can activate/deactivate exchange interactions, double excitation/de-excitations, and others. As a paradigmatic example, we present an efficient simulation of an $\ell \times h$
ℓ
×
h
fermion lattice (with $2<\ell \leq h$
2
<
ℓ
≤
h
), using only $2(2\ell +1)^{2}+24$
2

(
2
ℓ
+
1
)

2

+
24
analog blocks. The proposed architecture design is feasible in current experimental setups for quantum computing with superconducting circuits, opening the door to useful quantum advantage with fewer resources.
Specular Microscopic Corneal Endothelial Cell Changes following Uneventful Phacoemulsification in Patients with Gout
Authors: Abozaid Mortada , Saad-eldin Rana , Farouk Mahmoud , Anbar Mohamed , Wasfi Ehab 
Published: April 2022

Purpose. To assess the effects of phacoemulsification on the corneal endothelium in patients with gout and age-related cataracts. Methods. Eighty-eight patients who underwent uneventful phacoemulsification for age-related cataracts were included in this retrospective comparative study. The patients were divided into two groups: group A included 31 patients with gout and tight control of uric acid levels and group B included 57 patients without gout or any other systemic disease. All patients completed follow-up assessments over 6 months, and the two groups were compared in terms of changes to their specular microscopic values. Results. Both groups showed marked improvement in uncorrected and best-corrected visual acuity at the end of the follow-up period. Corneal endothelial cell loss was more severe in group A than in group B, with a mean difference of 221.35 ± 43.87 in group A and 169.88 ± 52.67 in group B at the sixth month (

p

< 0.001). The difference between the two groups in terms of other specular microscopic values did not reach statistical significance. Conclusion. Patients with gout are more prone to corneal endothelial cell damage after phacoemulsification than those without gout. To confirm these results, future studies with a prospective design and longer durations of follow-up are needed.
Study on the Mechanism of Action of Paclitaxel-Loaded Polylactic-co-glycolic Acid Nanoparticles in Non-Small-Cell Lung Carcinoma Cells
Authors: Zuo Yangsong , Shen Wenyi , Wang Lili , Wang Chengshi , Pu Juan 
Published: April 2022

Objective. To study effective carriers that can enhance the antitumor effect of paclitaxel (PTX). Methods. PTX-loaded polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs) (PTX-PLGA NPs), constructed using the emulsification solvent evaporation method, were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering. Non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) cells were divided into the dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) group, PLGA NPs group, PTX group, and PTX-PLGA NPs group. Cell viability was detected by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), cell apoptosis was determined by flow cytometry, and cell migration and invasion were assessed using Transwell assay. Results. PTX-PLGA NPs were smooth in the surface and spherical in shape, with a particle size of

268
±
1.3

nm. Both PTX and PTX-PLGA NPs could effectively inhibit the activity of A549 and H1650 cells. At 12 and 24 h, PTX-PLGA NPs presented weaker inhibition on the activity of NSCLC cells than PTX, but at 48 and 72 h, PTX-PLGA NPs presented stronger inhibition. Compared with PTX, PTX-PLGA NPs were more effective in enhancing apoptosis and inhibiting migration and invasion of NSCLC cells. Conclusion. With good sustained release and the ability to promote cellular uptake, PTX-PLGA NPs can strongly inhibit the malignant activities of NSCLC cells, which can be used as a promising drug carrier.
Effect of Acupuncture on Delayed Emesis for the Patients Who Received High-Emetogenic Chemotherapy with Standard Antiemetic Prophylaxis (KHMC-HO-01): An Open-Label, Randomized Study
Authors: Maeng Chi Hoon , Lee Seunghoon , Han Jae Joon , Kim Hong Jun , Nam Dongwoo , Lee Junhee , Baek Sun Kyung 
Published: April 2022

Background. Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) is one of the most important issues associated with chemotherapy. The additional or synergistic effect of acupuncture on CINV remains controversial. Methods. Patients were randomized into either the group that received standard antiemetics with acupuncture (Arm A) or standard antiemetics only (Arm C). Acupuncture with manual stimulation was applied at eight predefined points and was started before the first cycle of chemotherapy on the first day and two additional sessions were administered on the second day of chemotherapy. Acute and delayed CINV was assessed using the Rhodes Index of Nausea, Vomiting, and Retching (RINVR) and the MASCC Antiemesis Tool (MAT). The primary outcome was the delayed nausea score assessed using the RINVR. Results. Overall, 42 patients were included. In the delay phase, the severity of delayed nausea was slightly lower without significance in Arm A than in Arm C (5.35 vs. 5.98,

p

= 0.3011). Similarly, patients in Arm A reported less severe vomiting than those in Arm C (0.75 vs. 1.25,

p

= 0.3064). Delayed nausea and vomiting assessed by the MAT showed significant relief with acupuncture compared to standard antiemesis alone. In terms of acute emesis, there was no significant difference between the two arms according to either scoring method. Conclusions. Delayed nausea after HEC tended to decrease with acupuncture using the RINVR score, though it was also not significant. With the MAT assessment, delayed emesis (nausea and vomiting) was significantly improved with acupuncture, suggesting a promising effect of acupuncture. This trial is registered with KCT0006477.
Transcriptome Profiling ofADAR1Targets in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells Reveals Mechanisms for Regulating Growth and Invasion
Authors: Baker Allison R. , Miliotis Christos , Ramírez-Moya Julia , Marc Talia , Vlachos Ioannis S. , Santisteban Pilar , Slack Frank J. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractADARs catalyze adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) editing of double-stranded RNA and regulate global gene expression output through interactions with RNA and other proteins. ADARs play important roles in development and disease, and previous work has shown that ADAR1 is oncogenic in a growing list of cancer types. Here we show that ADAR1 is a critical gene for triple-negative breast cancer cells, as ADAR1 loss results in reduced growth (viability and cell cycle progression), invasion, and mammosphere formation. Whole transcriptome sequencing analyses demonstrate that ADAR1 regulates both coding and noncoding targets by altering gene expression level, A-to-I editing, and splicing. We determine that a recoding edit in filamin B (FLNB chr3:58156064) reduces the tumor suppressive activities of the protein to promote growth and invasion. We also show that several tumor suppressor miRNAs are upregulated upon ADAR1 loss and suppress cell-cycle progression and invasion. This work describes several novel mechanisms of ADAR1-mediated oncogenesis in triple-negative breast cancer, providing support to strategies targeting ADAR1 in this aggressive cancer type that has few treatment options.Implications:Targeting ADAR1 and thus downstream FLNB editing and miRNA regulation represents a possible novel therapeutic strategy in triple-negative breast cancer.
Muscle LIM Protein Force-Sensing Mediates Sarcomeric Biomechanical Signaling in Human Familial Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Riaz Muhammad , Park Jinkyu , Sewanan Lorenzo R. , Ren Yongming , Schwan Jonas , Das Subhash K. , Pomianowski Pawel T. , Huang Yan , Ellis Matthew W. , Luo Jiesi , Liu Juli , Song Loujin , Chen I-Ping , Qiu Caihong , Yazawa Masayuki , Tellides George , Hwa John , Young Lawrence H. , Yang Lei , Marboe Charles C. , Jacoby Daniel L. , Campbell Stuart G. , Qyang Yibing 
Published: April 2022

Background:
Familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common inherited cardiac disease and is typically caused by mutations in genes encoding sarcomeric proteins that regulate cardiac contractility. HCM manifestations include left ventricular hypertrophy and heart failure, arrythmias, and sudden cardiac death. How dysregulated sarcomeric force production is sensed and leads to pathological remodeling remains poorly understood in HCM, thereby inhibiting the efficient development of new therapeutics.

Methods:
Our discovery was based on insights from a severe phenotype of an individual with HCM and a second genetic alteration in a sarcomeric mechanosensing protein. We derived cardiomyocytes from patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cells and developed robust engineered heart tissues by seeding induced pluripotent stem cell–derived cardiomyocytes into a laser-cut scaffold possessing native cardiac fiber alignment to study human cardiac mechanobiology at both the cellular and tissue levels. Coupled with computational modeling for muscle contraction and rescue of disease phenotype by gene editing and pharmacological interventions, we have identified a new mechanotransduction pathway in HCM, shown to be essential in modulating the phenotypic expression of HCM in 5 families bearing distinct sarcomeric mutations.

Results:

Enhanced actomyosin crossbridge formation caused by sarcomeric mutations in cardiac myosin heavy chain (
MYH7
) led to increased force generation, which, when coupled with slower twitch relaxation, destabilized the MLP (muscle LIM protein) stretch-sensing complex at the Z-disc. Subsequent reduction in the sarcomeric muscle LIM protein level caused disinhibition of calcineurin–nuclear factor of activated T-cells signaling, which promoted cardiac hypertrophy. We demonstrate that the common muscle LIM protein–W4R variant is an important modifier, exacerbating the phenotypic expression of HCM, but alone may not be a disease-causing mutation. By mitigating enhanced actomyosin crossbridge formation through either genetic or pharmacological means, we alleviated stress at the Z-disc, preventing the development of hypertrophy associated with sarcomeric mutations.

Conclusions:
Our studies have uncovered a novel biomechanical mechanism through which dysregulated sarcomeric force production is sensed and leads to pathological signaling, remodeling, and hypertrophic responses. Together, these establish the foundation for developing innovative mechanism-based treatments for HCM that stabilize the Z-disc MLP-mechanosensory complex.