bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization of the Solid Electrolyte Interphase at the Li Metal–Ionic Liquid Interface
Authors: Yang Moon Young , Zybin Sergey V. , Das Tridip , Merinov Boris V. , Goddard William A. , Mok Eun Kyung , Hah Hoe Jin , Han Hyea Eun , Choi Young Cheol , Kim Seung Ha 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) forms on electrode surfaces from decomposition of the electrolyte. However, there is almost no atomistic detail of SEI formation on Li metal anode, a major obstacle in understanding the highly complex battery electrochemistry sufficiently to design high performance batteries. Herein, a realistic atomistic model (39 000 atoms) for the SEI formation at the interface between the Li metal anode and ionic liquid electrolyte using reactive molecular dynamics simulations is provided. A ≈10 nm thick SEI composed of a dense ordered inorganic layer near the Li‐metal anode and a porous organic layer near the electrolyte is found. These results provide new insights into a deeper understanding of the complex SEI that should be useful in developing a new generation of highly efficient batteries.
High‐Index Zinc Facet Exposure Induced by Preferentially Orientated Substrate for Dendrite‐Free Zinc Anode
Authors: Xie Chunlin , Ji Huimin , Zhang Qi , Yang Zefang , Hu Chao , Ji Xiaobo , Tang Yougen , Wang Haiyan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe most commonly used zinc foil anode for aqueous zinc‐ion batteries suffers from poor cycle stability and low zinc utilization. Zinc‐plated anodes on the host materials with high zincophilicity and stability are receiving increasing attention to alleviate these above issues. Here, the high zinc deposition activity of Cu (2 2 0) is confirmed through experimental observations and theoretical calculations and then Cu (2 2 0) substrates are prepared with the highly preferred orientation through an industrial electrolysis strategy. The prepared Cu (2 2 0) substrate can consistently modulate dense zinc growth by inducing the Zn (0 0 1) growth with the lowest surface energy and exposing high‐index zinc facets due to its exceptional grain size, high deposition activity, and homogeneous crystal orientation, which result in the high zinc plating/stripping reversibility of this Cu (2 2 0) substrate. When assembled into the Zn//MnO2 battery, the zinc‐plated Cu (2 2 0) can deliver capacity retention of 93.9% after 640 cycles at high zinc utilization (≈20%). This scalable orientation design strategy provides a new perspective for realizing dendrite‐free metal deposition with special textures.
Quantification of heat losses and gains of 5th generation district heating and cooling networks compared to conventional heating networks
Authors: Schmitt Selina , Zeh Robin , Stockinger Volker 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe fourth and fifth generation of district heating (GDH) networks are among the key elements for the energy optimization of districts. Low heat losses in the distribution lines as well as bidirectional heat flow and the use of low‐temperature waste heat can lead to new business models for energy suppliers. Despite the continuous development of heat networks, significant heat losses still occur in conventional networks, despite well insulated pipelines, with fluid temperatures at 60 °C to 100 °C. Therefore, a study was conducted to investigate heat losses and gains in hot water heating (3GDH), low temperature heating (4GDH) and district heating and cooling networks (5GDHC) based on numerous simulations. The main purpose of the investigations is to deter‐mine the main factors influencing the heat transfer characteristics of underground heat networks. The derived results serve as a basis for the development of future planning tools to determine the heat losses and gains of local heating networks quickly and cost‐efficiently.
Cellulose nanofiber and halloysite nanotubes embedded polyvinyl alcohol membranes for pervaporation dehydration of epichlorohydrin–isopropanol–water ternary feed mixture
Authors: Chaudhari Shivshanakar , Yeo SangJun , Shin HyeonTae , Kim UiSeo , Jo Sewook , Cho Kie Yong , Shon MinYoung , Nam SeungEun , Park YouIn 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe dehydration of epichlorohydrin (ECH)–isopropanol (IPA)–water mixtures was conducted by using pervaporation separation process. Two types of crosslinked polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) membranes, PVA‐Glu and PVA‐TEOS, were prepared using glutaraldehyde (Glu) and tetraethyl ortho silicate (TEOS), then mixed with cellulose nanofiber (CNF) and halloysite nanotube (HNT) fillers, respectively. They characterized using field emission scanning electron microscopy to observe surface morphology, Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy to study the filler–polymer interactions and chemistries of membranes, and X‐ray diffraction experiment for the analysis of membrane crystallinity. Finally, a pervaporation test was carried out to dehydrate the ECH–IPA–water feed solution at the azeotropic feed composition. From the result, the membrane of PVA‐Glu, including 4% w/w CNF filler, showed a flux of 0.17 kg (m2h)−1 and a separation factor of 456. However, the membrane of PVA‐TEOS with 5% w/w HNTs filler indicated a flux of 0.15 kg (m2h)−1 and a separation factor of 4158. The higher pervaporation performance of the HNTs‐added PVA‐TEOS membrane is attributed to the smaller size and more porous nature of HNTs than CNFs.
Diphenyl Ether Derivatives as Novel GPR120 Agonists for the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Wang Xuekun , Wei Shiting , Wang Min , Xu Yao , Hu Weidi , Niu Mingyue , Wang Shiben , Lei Kang , Ji Lusha , Liu Renmin , Ji Guoxia 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDiabetes mellitus (DM) is a serious disease affecting human health. Numerous attempts have been made to develop safe and effective new antidiabetic drugs. Recently, a series of G protein‐coupled receptors for free fatty acids (FFAs) have been described and characterized, and small molecule agonists and antagonists of these receptors show considerable promise for managing diabetes and related complications. FFA‐activated GPR120 could stimulate the release of glucagon‐like peptide‐1(GLP‐1), which can enhance the glucose‐dependent secretion of insulin from pancreatic β cells. GPR120 is a promising target for treating type 2 DM (T2DM). Herein we designed and synthesized a series of novel GPR120 agonists based on the structure of TUG‐891, which was the first potent and selective GPR120 agonist. Among the designed compounds, 18 f showed excellent GPR120 activation activity and high selectivity for GPR40 in vitro. Compound 18 f dose‐dependently improved glucose tolerance in normal mice, and no hypoglycemic side effects were observed at high dose. In addition, compound 18 f increased insulin release and displayed good antidiabetic effect in diet‐induced obese mice. Molecular simulations illustrated that compound 18 f could enter the active site of GPR120 and interact with Arg99. Based on these observations, compound 18 f may be a promising lead compound for the design of novel GPR120 agonists to treat T2DM.
Rapidly progressive pulmonary hypertension and right ventricular failure in a heart and kidney transplant recipient
Authors: Deicke Matthew , Alhuneafat Laith , Obaid Omar , Adeniyi Aderonke , Raina Amresh , Kassis‐George Hayah 
Published: December 2022

AbstractA 54‐year‐old man status post heart and kidney transplant presented with dyspnea. Imaging was consistent with lymphangitic carcinomatosis (LC), in the setting of biopsy proven adenocarcinoma. He developed pulmonary hypertension (PH) and died of right ventricular failure (RVF) 3 weeks later. Acute PH with radiographic features of LC in a high‐risk patient warrants expedited malignancy investigation.
A case of angle‐closure glaucoma caused by spontaneous lens dislocation
Authors: Kondo Keisuke , Isono Hiroki 
Published: December 2022

AbstarctSpontaneous lens dislocation without genetic factors is rare. In this case, spontaneous lens dislocation occurred without an apparent trigger and resulted in secondary angle‐closure glaucoma. A head computed tomography (CT) scan showed lens dislocation. It is critical to assess for lens dislocation during head CT scan for a sudden headache.
Renal infarction in a patient with thyrotoxicosis‐induced atrial fibrillation treated successfully with dabigatran, a case report and literature review
Authors: Al‐sadi Anas , Abdulgayoom Mohammed , Alamin Mohammed , Kolleri Jouhar , Jawarneh Israa , Almaharmeh Qusai 
Published: December 2022

AbstractRenal infarction is an underdiagnosed condition with multiple possible causes, including atrial fibrillation. The treatment approach includes percutaneous endovascular therapy (PET) to restore blood flow, antiplatelet therapy, anticoagulation, or combination therapy, depending on the patient's status and available modalities. Warfarin is the standard anticoagulation therapy, although direct oral anticoagulation (DOAC) therapy is getting more popular. Here, we present a 60‐year‐old male patient with hyperthyroidism complicated by acute renal infarction, which was successfully treated with dabigatran, evident by non‐recurrence and restoration of blood flow in a follow‐up CT angiogram. This case report may open the door for the use of DOAC in acute renal infarction though more studies are needed to prove the efficacy.
Stereoselective Synthesis of γ‐(Acyloxy)carboxylic Acids and γ‐Lactones Featuring the Switch of Stereopreference of Candida antarctica Lipase B in Sodium γ‐Hydroxycarboxylate Homologues
Authors: Parve Jaan , Kudryashova Marina , Shalima Tatsiana , Villo Ly , Ferschel Moonika , Niidu Allan , Liblikas Ilme , Reile Indrek , Aav Riina , Gathergood Nicholas , Vares Lauri , Pehk Tõnis , Parve Omar 
Published: December 2022

AbstractScalable protocols of straightforward synthesis of enantiomeric γ‐(acyloxy)carboxylic acids and γ‐lactones are presented. The key step is lipase‐catalyzed stereoselective acylation of γ‐hydroxycarboxylic acid sodium salt in organic solvent followed by acidification of the product, extraction and acidic relactonization of the unreacted enantiomer. The mixture of γ‐(acyloxy)carboxylic acid and γ‐lactone is separated either by extraction with solution of sodium bicarbonate or by distillation. A switch of enantioinduction of Candida antarctica lipase B along homologous nucleophiles from R configuration of γ‐hydroxyhexanoic acid salt to S configuration of the C7 and longer‐chain homologues has been disclosed. Both enantiomers of γ‐(acyloxy)pentanoic acids; γ‐(acetyloxy)octanoic and ‐nonanoic acids with S configuration; [(1S,5R)‐5‐(chloroacetyloxy)cyclopent‐2‐en‐1‐yl]acetic acid and enantiomeric γ‐lactones derived from them were prepared with e. r. >98.5/1.5. The rates of acylation of C5 to C9 homologous salts differ by three orders of magnitude but remain applicable for preparative synthesis by variation of the enzyme loading and reaction time.
Holocene wet shifts in NW European bogs: evidence for the roles of external forcing and internal feedback from a high‐resolution study of peat properties, plant macrofossils and testate amoebae
Authors: RUNDGREN MATS , KOKFELT ULLA , SCHONING KRISTIAN , WASTEGÅRD STEFAN 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACTTwo conspicuous wet shifts in the peat stratigraphy of Store Mosse in southern Sweden, associated with bog‐wide changes in vegetation and degree of peat decomposition, were analysed at high resolution. The bog‐surface wetness (BSW) proxy data (organic matter bulk density, C/N ratio, plant macrofossils and testate amoebae) highlight the importance of interactions between vegetation composition, microtopography and degree of peat decomposition, and show that the bog system operated consistently during the two wet shifts (dated to c. 2700 and 1000 cal a
bp) despite different internal and external conditions. A sensitive bog‐system state, associated with a degraded microtopography and well‐decomposed surface peat with low hydrological conductivity developed during sustained dry conditions, probably contributed to the large BSW amplitudes registered. Comparable bog systems are expected to operate in the same way, and regionally high sensitivity that developed in response to atmospheric circulation changes may partly explain synchronous registration of wet shifts. The wet shifts in Store Mosse were attributed to solar and volcanic forcing, respectively, and wet shifts of similar magnitude registered in other NW European bogs are likely to also have been externally forced.
Enhancing the cooling properties of low‐density polyethylene films by combining near‐infrared reflective additives
Authors: Monaci Sharon , Pucci Andrea , Picchioni Francesco , Versteeg Frederique A. , Ruggeri Giacomo 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn the last years, the rising temperature caused by global warming brought the research to find new efficient solutions to lower the temperature of buildings and reduce the consumption of electrical energy for air conditioning. In this work, we propose the combined use of organic and inorganic near‐infrared (NIR) reflective additives in low‐density polyethylene (PE) films as an accessible plastic coating with enhanced cooling features. Two ‘cool’ pigments, the inorganic Sicopal® Black (Si Black) and the organic Paliogen® Black (Pa Black), were investigated for black‐tinted coatings, while TiO2 (TI) and glass bubbles (GB) were tested for opaque white coatings. The additive's size and concentration influence the composite processing, and their ultimate optical properties were determined in terms of total solar reflectance (TSR) and cooling effect under solar radiation. TI and GB dispersed in PE showed the highest TSR, whereas the organic Pa Black confirmed its superior reflective features with respect to the traditional carbon black (CB). Moreover, a significant increase in the TSR occurred when TI or GB was added to the black pigments (12.7% and 13.6%, respectively). TSR increasing led to a cooler black‐tinted PE film under solar irradiation. When using reflective pigments, a cooling effect of about 10°C was measured with respect to the traditional CB.
Solid‐State Nanopore Array: Manufacturing and Applications
Authors: Liu Hongshuai , Zhou Qin , Wang Wei , Fang Fengzhou , Zhang Jufan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractNanopore brings extraordinary properties for a variety of potential applications in various industrial sectors. Since manufacturing of solid‐state nanopore is first reported in 2001, solid‐state nanopore has become a hot topic in the recent years. An increasing number of manufacturing methods have been reported, with continuously decreased sizes from hundreds of nanometers at the beginning to ≈1 nm until recently. To enable more robust, sensitive, and reliable devices required by the industry, researchers have started to explore the possible methods to manufacture nanopore array which presents unprecedented challenges on the fabrication efficiency, accuracy and repeatability, applicable materials, and cost. As a result, the exploration of fabrication of nanopore array is still in the fledging period with various bottlenecks. In this article, a wide range of methods of manufacturing nanopores are summarized along with their achievable morphologies, sizes, inner structures for characterizing the main features, based on which the manufacturing of nanopore array is further addressed. To give a more specific idea on the potential applications of nanopore array, some representative practices are introduced such as DNA/RNA sequencing, energy conversion and storage, water desalination, nanosensors, nanoreactors, and dialysis.
From Empathy to Shame: The Use of Virtual Reality by Humanitarian Organisations
Authors: Gorin Valérie 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSince the UNHCR’s movie Clouds over Sidra, filmed in 2015 in the Zaatari refugee camp, the use of Virtual Reality (VR) has increased among humanitarian organisations for raising funds or awareness. The International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) and Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF), among others, have relied on 3D and 360-degree images to enhance emotional resonance among audiences, including diplomats, military groups or decision-makers. Marketed as the ‘ultimate empathy machine’, VR operates through immersive reality. Yet the necessity to see and feel reality ‘as it is’ is not unprecedented in the visual history of humanitarianism. Therefore, this chapter first critically examines the immersive experience of humanitarian VR movies and their performative and affective potential. Indeed, VR claims to erase the distance and to elicit empathetic connections do not prevent this innovative technology from adopting a voyeuristic or aesthetic gaze, long associated in humanitarian imagery with self-centeredness rather than other centeredness. Then, building on recent VR movies who draw on outrage and indignation, such as The Right Choice (ICRC, 2018) or Not A Target (MSF Switzerland, 2016), this chapter opens new lines of inquiry in the capacity of immersive technologies to mobilise shame rather than empathy.
The effect of increasing rarefaction on the formation of Edney shock interaction patterns: type-I to type-VI
Authors: Agir M. B. , White C. , Kontis K. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractA shock–shock interaction problem can arise in high-speed vehicles where an oblique shock from one part of the body impinges on a bow shock from a different part of the body. The nature of the interaction can change as the vehicle increases in altitude to a more rarefied environment. In this work, the outcomes of a numerical study investigating the formation of Edney shock patterns from type-I to type-VI as a result of shock–shock interactions at different rarefaction levels are presented. The computations are conducted with a direct simulation Monte Carlo solver for a free-stream flow at a Mach number of 10. In shock–shock interaction problems, both geometrical and rarefaction parameters determine what type of Edney pattern is formed. The region on the shock impinged surface that experiences enhanced thermo-mechanical loads increases when the free-stream flow becomes more rarefied, but the peak values decrease. It is known that these shock interactions can have unsteady behavior in the continuum regime; the current work shows that although increasing rarefaction tends to move the flow toward steady behavior, under some conditions the flow remains unsteady.Graphical abstract
Background enhancement in contrast-enhanced spectral mammography (CESM): are there qualitative and quantitative differences between imaging systems?
Authors: Wessling Daniel , Männlin Simon , Schwarz Ricarda , Hagen Florian , Brendlin Andreas , Olthof Susann-Cathrin , Hattermann Valerie , Gassenmaier Sebastian , Herrmann Judith , Preibsch Heike 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Objective
To evaluate the impact of the digital mammography imaging system on overall background enhancement on recombined contrast-enhanced spectral mammography (CESM) images, the overall background enhancement of two different mammography systems was compared.

Methods
In a retrospective single-center study, CESM images of n = 129 female patients who underwent CESM between 2016 and 2019 were analyzed independently by two radiologists. Two mammography machines of different manufacturers were compared qualitatively using a Likert-scale from 1 (minimal) to 4 (marked overall background enhancement) and quantitatively by placing a region of interest and measuring the intensity enhancement. Lesion conspicuity was analyzed using a Likert-scale from 1 (lesion not reliably distinguishable) to 5 (excellent lesion conspicuity). A multivariate regression was performed to test for potential biases on the quantitative results.

Results
Significant differences in qualitative background enhancement measurements between machines A and B were observed for both readers (p = 0.003 and p < 0.001). The quantitative evaluation showed significant differences in background enhancement with an average difference of 75.69 (99%-CI [74.37, 77.02]; p < 0.001). Lesion conspicuity was better for machine A for the first and second reader respectively (p = 0.009 and p < 0.001). The factor machine was the only influencing factor (p < 0.001). The factors contrast agent, breast density, age, and menstrual cycle could be excluded as potential biases.

Conclusion
Mammography machines seem to significantly influence overall background enhancement qualitatively and quantitatively; thus, an impact on diagnostic accuracy appears possible.

Key Points
• Overall background enhancement on CESM differs between different vendors qualitatively and quantitatively.
• Our retrospective single-center study showed consistent results of the qualitative and quantitative data analysis of overall background enhancement.
• Lesion conspicuity is higher in cases of lower background enhancement on CESM.
Patient-controlled sublingual sufentanil tablet system versus intravenous opioid analgesia for postoperative pain management after lumbar spinal fusion surgery
Authors: Lindemann Chris , Strube Patrick , Fisahn Christian , Sgroi Mirco , Dornacher Daniel , Zippelius Timo 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Purpose
This retrospective cohort study investigated the efficacy of a sublingual sufentanil tablet system (SSTS) in comparison to intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (IV-PCA) with piritramide for the management of postoperative pain following lumbar spinal fusion surgery.

Methods
This was a retrospective analysis of patients undergoing single- or two-level lumbar spinal fusion surgery and receiving the SSTS or IV-PCA for postoperative pain relief as part of multimodal pain management that included IV paracetamol and oral metamizole. The following variables were collected: postoperative pain intensity and frequency scores using the numerical rating scale (NRS), hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS), occurrence of nausea, postoperative mobilization, and patient satisfaction (MacNab criteria).

Results
Sixty-four patients were included. Those receiving the SSTS (n = 30) had significantly lower pain intensities on the operative day (NRS: 4.0, CI: 3.6–4.3 vs. 4.5, CI: 4.2–4.9; p < 0.05) and one day postoperatively (NRS: 3.4, CI: 3.1–3.8 vs. 3.9 CI: 3.6–4.3; p < 0.05) compared to patients receiving IV-PCA (n = 34). No differences were observed on postoperative days 2 to 5. SSTS patients experienced more nausea than IV-PCA patients (p = 0.027). Moreover, SSTS patients had a higher percentage of early mobilization following surgery than IV-PCA patients (p = 0.040). Regarding patient satisfaction, no significant differences were seen between the groups.

Conclusion
The SSTS is a potentially advantageous alternative to opioid IV-PCA for use within a multimodal approach to managing postoperative pain after lumbar fusion surgery. Furthermore, the potentially higher emetic effect of SSTS should be considered, and the patient should be able to perform the application.