bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantitative magnetic resonance imaging of Scots pine seeds and the assessment of germination potential
Authors: Tuomainen Teemu V. , Himanen Katri , Helenius Pekka , Kettunen Mikko I. , Nissi Mikko J. 
Published: January 2022

The availability of Scots pine seeds (Pinus sylvestris L.) with high germinability is necessary for artificial forest regeneration. In this work, Scots pine seed orchard seeds were magnetic resonance (MR) imaged to noninvasively investigate the association of the anatomical images and quantitative relaxation times with the structure and germinability of the seeds. Relaxation time differences compared to the germination day were also investigated. The average whole seed relaxation times T1 (two methods), T2, and [Formula: see text] were 430 ± 59, 660 ± 20, 14 ± 1.7, and 0.83 ± 0.33 ms, respectively. It was observed that the seed structures had statistically significant (p < 0.05) differences in relaxation times, while no differences could be observed in relation to the rate of seed germination. Furthermore, the obtained data were compared to radiographs. Empty seeds were observed to provide a minimal MRI signal, whereas intact and mechanically damaged seeds provided a profound signal with distinguishable structures. The mechanically hardest region, i.e., the seed coat, was not visible in MRI as opposed to radiographs. Some seeds determined to be mechanically damaged by radiography were able to germinate, and mechanical faults could be distinguished in MRI. As such, MRI can be seen complementary to the currently used methods to optimize seed sorting and to interpret germination potential.
Dimensional regularization for the particle transition amplitude in curved space
Authors: Corradini Olindo , Crispo Luigi , Muratori Maurizio 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWe compute the perturbative short-time expansion for the transition amplitude of a particle in curved space time, by employing dimensional regularization (DR) to treat the divergences which occur in some Feynman diagrams. The present work generalizes known results where DR was applied to the computation of one-loop effective actions, which in the worldline approach are linked to particle path integrals on the circle, i.e. with periodic boundary conditions. The main motivation of the present work comes from revived interest in particle transition amplitudes in curved space-times, due to their use in the recently proposed worldline quantum field theory (in curved space-time).
Regulating life after death: how mechanical communication mediates the epithelial response to apoptosis
Authors: Bonfim-Melo Alexis , Duszyc Kinga , Gomez Guillermo A. , Yap Alpha S. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
It is increasingly evident that cells in tissues and organs can communicate with one another using mechanical forces. Such mechanical signalling can serve as a basis for the assembly of cellular communities. For this to occur, there must be local instabilities in tissue mechanics that are the source of the signals, and mechanisms for changes in mechanical force to be transmitted and detected within tissues. In this review, we discuss these principles using the example of cell death by apoptosis, when it occurs in epithelia. This elicits the phenomenon of apical extrusion, which can rapidly eliminate apoptotic cells by expelling them from the epithelium. Apoptotic extrusion requires that epithelial cells detect the presence of nearby apoptotic cells, something which can be elicited by the mechanotransduction of tensile instabilities caused by the apoptotic cell. We discuss the central role that adherens junctions can play in the transmission and detection of mechanical signals from apoptotic cells.

Graphical abstract
A Hybrid Model Combining Formulae with Keywords for Mathematical Information Retrieval
Authors: Shen Yuqi , Chen Cheng , Dai Yifan , Cai Jinfang , Chen Liangyu 
Published: January 2022

Formula retrieval is an important research topic in Mathematical Information Retrieval (MIR). Most studies have focused on formula comparison to determine the similarity between mathematical documents. However, two similar formulae may appear in entirely different knowledge domains and have different meanings. Based on N-ary Tree-based Formula Embedding Model (NTFEM, our previous work in [Y. Dai, L. Chen, and Z. Zhang, An N-ary tree-based model for similarity evaluation on mathematical formulae, in Proc. 2020 IEEE Int. Conf. Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, 2020, pp. 2578–2584.], we introduce a new hybrid retrieval model, NTFEM-K, which combines formulae with their surrounding keywords for more accurate retrieval. By using keywords extraction technology, we extract keywords from context, which can supplement the semantic information of the formula. Then, we get the vector representations of keywords by FastText N-gram embedding model and the vector representations of formulae by NTFEM. Finally, documents are sorted according to the similarity between keywords, and then the ranking results are optimized by formula similarity. For performance evaluation, NTFEM-K is not only compared with NTFEM but also hybrid retrieval models combining formulae with long text and hybrid retrieval models combining formulae with their keywords using other keyword extraction algorithms. Experimental results show that the accuracy of top-10 results of NTFEM-K is at least 20% higher than that of NTFEM and can be 50% in some specific topics.
Dietary Intervention during 9 Months with a Hypocaloric Diet, Interaction of the Genetic Variant of Adiponectin Gene rs822393 with Metabolic Parameters
Authors: Izaola Olatz , Primo David , de Luis Daniel 
Published: January 2022

Background and Aims. rs822393 (-4522C/T) genetic variant is associated with hypoadiponectinemia and other metabolic parameters. The aim of our investigation was to analyze the effects of a hypocaloric diet with Mediterranean dietary pattern during 9 months according to genetic variant rs822393 of ADIPOQ gene. Methods and Results. A sample of 269 obese patients was enrolled. Anthropometric and serum parameters (lipid profile, insulin, homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR), glucose, C reactive protein, and adipokines) were determined, at basal time and after 3 and 9 months. All patients were genotyped in the rs822393. The genotype distribution was as follow; 176 patients (65.4%) CC, 83 patients CT (30.9%), and 10 patients TT (3.7%). After dietary intervention, the following parameters improved in non-T allele carriers; BMI, weight, fat mass, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, insulin levels, HOMA-IR, leptin, total cholesterol, and LDL-cholesterol improved significantly. HDL-cholesterol (delta:

5.7
±
1.1

mg
/
dl

vs.

1.0
±
0.8

mg
/
dl

;

p
=
0.01

), serum adiponectin (delta:

14.4
±
2.0

ng
/
dl

vs.

7.1
±
3.1

ng
/
dl

;

p
=
0.02

), and adiponectin/leptin ratio (delta:

0.54
±
0.1

vs.

0.22
±
0.09

ng
/
dl

;

p
=
0.03

). Basal and postintervention HDL cholesterol, adiponectin levels, and adiponectin/leptin levels were lower in T-allele carriers than non-T Allele carriers. Conclusion. T allele carriers showed lower levels of HDL-cholesterol, adiponectin, and adiponectin/leptin ratio than non-T allele carriers. A medium-term hypocaloric diet with a Mediterranean partner increased adiponectin levels, ratio adiponectin/leptin, and HDL-cholesterol in non-T allele carriers.
Frequency and Genomic Aspects of Intrinsic Resistance to Vismodegib in Locally Advanced Basal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Yurchenko Andrey A. , Pop Oltin T. , Ighilahriz Meriem , Padioleau Ismael , Rajabi Fatemeh , Sharpe Hayley J. , Poulalhon Nicolas , Dreno Brigitte , Khammari Amir , Delord Marc , Alberti Antonio , Soufir Nadem , Battistella Maxime , Mourah Samia , Bouquet Fanny , Savina Ariel , Besse Andrej , Mendez-Lopez Max , Grange Florent , Monestier Sandrine , Mortier Laurent , Meyer Nicolas , Dutriaux Caroline , Robert Caroline , Saiag Philippe , Herms Florian , Lambert Jerome , de Sauvage Frederic J. , Dumaz Nicolas , Flatz Lukas , Basset-Seguin Nicole , Nikolaev Sergey I. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Purpose:
Vismodegib is approved for the treatment of locally advanced basal cell carcinoma (laBCC), but some cases demonstrate intrinsic resistance (IR) to the drug. We sought to assess the frequency of IR to vismodegib in laBCC and its underlying genomic mechanisms.

Experimental Design:
Response to vismodegib was evaluated in a cohort of 148 laBCC patients. Comprehensive genomic and transcriptomic profiling was performed in a subset of five intrinsically resistant BCC (IR-BCC).

Results:
We identified that IR-BCC represents 6.1% of laBCC in the studied cohort. Prior treatment with chemotherapy was associated with IR. Genetic events that were previously associated with acquired resistance (AR) in BCC or medulloblastoma were observed in three out of five IR-BCC. However, IR-BCCs were distinct by highly rearranged polyploid genomes. Functional analyses identified hyperactivation of the HIPPO-YAP and WNT pathways at RNA and protein levels in IR-BCC. In vitro assay on the BCC cell line further confirmed that YAP1 overexpression increases the cell proliferation rate.

Conclusions:
IR to vismodegib is a rare event in laBCC. IR-BCCs frequently harbor resistance mutations in the Hh pathway, but also are characterized by hyperactivation of the HIPPO-YAP and WNT pathways.
Clinical and Biologic Characteristics and Outcomes in Young and Middle‐Aged Patients With Laryngeal Cancer: A Retrospective Cohort Analysis
Authors: Geng Calvin X. , Tanamal Priscilla , Arvisais‐Anhalt Simone , Tomasino Massimo , Gheit Tarik , Bishop Justin A. , Palsgrove Doreen N. , Wang Ellen , Salley Jordan R. , Tibbetts Kathleen M. , Sumer Baran D. , Tillman Brittny N. , Day Andrew T. 
Published: January 2022

ObjectiveTo describe the clinical and biologic characteristics and outcomes of young and middle‐aged (YMA; <65 years) patients according to the presence or absence of traditional risk factors for laryngeal cancer.Study DesignRetrospective cohort analysis.SettingSingle‐institution academic medical center.MethodsPatients without a history of clinically significant tobacco use or heavy alcohol use were defined as “nontraditional”: ≤5 pack‐years, ≤5 years smoked, ≤14 alcoholic drinks per week, and ≥15‐year interval from last tobacco abuse use to diagnosis. Remaining patients were categorized as “traditional.” Select tumor samples were evaluated for bacterial and viral DNA by multiplex polymerase chain reaction.ResultsSeventy‐eight YMA patients with primary laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma were identified, 23% (n = 18) of whom were nontraditional. Nontraditional patients were younger than traditional patients (median age, 51 vs 59 years; P <. 001). Twenty‐eight tumors were prospectively tested for human papillomavirus (HPV), and nontraditional patients were more likely to exhibit high‐risk HPV (57% vs 5%, P <. 01). Among 17 select tumors (nontraditional, n = 8; traditional, n = 9), 35% exhibited HPV16 (nontraditional, 63%; traditional, 11%; P =. 05). Other viruses were identified but did not differ according to risk status: herpesviruses (40%) and Merkel cell polyomavirus (7%). Chlamydia, β‐HPV, and γ‐HPV DNA was not detected in any samples. Median length of follow‐up was 42 months. On adjusted analyses, nontraditional patients exhibited nonsignificantly improved overall survival (hazard ratio, 0.24 [95% CI, 0.03‐1.82]; P =. 17) and disease‐free survival (hazard ratio, 0.34 [95% CI, 0.10‐1.23]; P =. 08) as compared with traditional patients.ConclusionAlmost one‐quarter of YMA patients lacked characteristic risk factors for laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma, and their tumors exhibited a higher prevalence of high‐risk HPV. The significance of HPV16 and other tumor viruses with outcomes in nontraditional patients should be evaluated further.
Recurrence Following Endoscopic Laser Wedge Excision and Triple Medical Therapy for Idiopathic Subglottic Stenosis
Authors: Bowen Andrew Jay , Xie Katherine Z. , O’Byrne Thomas J. , Bayan Semirra L. , Edell Eric S. , Vassallo Robert , Ekbom Dale C. , Kasperbauer Jan L. 
Published: January 2022

ObjectiveWe present the outcomes for patients with idiopathic subglottic stenosis (iSGS) following their first carbon dioxide laser wedge excision (LWE) procedure, additionally examining the effect of compliance with adjuvant medical therapy (triple therapy) after the operation.Study DesignRetrospective chart review.SettingTertiary center.MethodsA retrospective review was performed on 183 patients with iSGS following their first LWE and their compliance to adjuvant medical therapy (inhaled corticosteroid, proton pump inhibitor, trimethoprim‐sulfamethoxazole) following the operation, with all reviewed to December 31, 2020. The primary outcome variable was median time to recurrence (MTR). Patients were stratified by whether the LWE was their first operation (LWE primary or secondary), by compliance to triple therapy, and by compliance with trimethoprim‐sulfamethoxazole. Kaplan‐Meier analysis and Cox proportional hazards were used to evaluate the MTR across the stratifications.ResultsAn overall 113 patients underwent their first LWE, while 70 received the procedure after having undergone 1 to 13 procedures. The MTR between LWE primary and secondary was 4.6 and 2.9 years, respectively. Adjusted Cox proportional hazards comparing these 2 groups revealed the number of prior operations to be a confounding variable. A statistically increased MTR was demonstrated with greater degrees of medical compliance.ConclusionLWE conferred an MTR of 4.1 years in the iSGS cohort. The number of prior procedures preceding LWE behaved as a confounding variable. Patients who were completely or partially compliant to triple therapy appear to demonstrate increased intervals prior to recurrence.
Primary Care Clinician’s Knowledge of Trafficking in Persons: A Systematic Review
Authors: Ram Sharda , Goldin Deana 
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Human trafficking is an enormous global threat. Primary care clinicians are part of a safety net of professionals who may be able to identify and assist trafficking in persons (TIPs). The purpose of this systematic review was to explore clinicians’ knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors in identifying and assisting TIPS in health care settings. Methodology: The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guided this review. Searches were conducted using PubMed, Medline Plus, and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) databases that yielded 130 articles, of which 10 quantitative articles met eligibility criteria. Eligibility determination, data extraction, synthesis, and evaluation were independently conducted by the authors. Results: Findings revealed deficits in clinician’s knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors on identifying TIPs in clinical settings. In addition, cultural influences affect TIP’s decision-making. Discussion: To support the wide-ranging needs of TIPs, education programs that include clinician trainings on the skills required to identify and assist TIPs across cultures is warranted.
A simplified acute kidney injury predictor following endovascular aortic repair: ACEF score
Authors: Avci Yalcin , Demir Ali Riza , Güler Arda , Aktemur Tugba , Bulut Umit , Demirci Gökhan , Memiç Sancar Kadriye , Ersoy Burak , Celik Omer , Erturk Mehmet 
Published: January 2022

Objectives Treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) with endovascular aortic repair (EVAR) has become quite common in recent years. This method, which has many advantages compared to the open surgical procedure, also has some complications. One of these complications is acute kidney injury (AKI). ACEF (age, creatinine, and ejection fraction) score, which is gaining popularity, can be an easy-to-use and cost-effective method in detecting this condition that causes increased morbidity and mortality. We aimed to evaluate whether this ACEF score may predict a development of AKI in patients who underwent EVAR. Methods A total of 133 consecutive patients with AAA who underwent EVAR were analyzed. The primary endpoint of the study was the development of AKI. The best cut-off value for the ACEF score to predict the development of AKI was calculated and according to this value, the patients were divided into two groups as those with high ACEF scores and those with low ACEF scores. ACEF score was calculated by the formula of age/EF + 1 (if baseline creatinine > 2 mg/dL). Results After the exclusion criteria, a total of 118 patients were included in the study, and 20 (16.9%) of them developed AKI after EVAR. In the ROC curve analysis, a cut-off value of 1.34 was found for the ACEF score, and scores above this value were found to be independent predictors of AKI development after EVAR. In addition to the ACEF score, the contrast media volume was also found to be an independent predictor of the development of AKI. Conclusion In conclusion, ACEF is a simple and effective scoring system in patients undergoing EVAR. To the best our knowledge, our study is the first study which applies ACEF score to predict AKI in EVAR patients.
Tumor promoting roles of IL-10, TGF-β, IL-4, and IL-35: Its implications in cancer immunotherapy
Authors: Mirlekar Bhalchandra 
Published: January 2022

Cytokines play a critical role in regulating host immune response toward cancer and determining the overall fate of tumorigenesis. The tumor microenvironment is dominated mainly by immune-suppressive cytokines that control effector antitumor immunity and promote survival and the proliferation of cancer cells, which ultimately leads to enhanced tumor growth. In addition to tumor cells, the heterogeneous immune cells present within the tumor milieu are the significant source of immune-suppressive cytokines. These cytokines are classified into a broad range; however, in most tumor types, the interleukin-10, transforming growth factor-β, interleukin-4, and interleukin-35 are consistently reported as immune-suppressive cytokines that help tumor growth and metastasis. The most emerging concern in cancer treatment is hijacking and restraining the activity of antitumor immune cells in the tumor niche due to a highly immune-suppressive environment. This review summarizes the role and precise functions of interleukin-10, transforming growth factor-β, interleukin-4, and interleukin-35 in modulating tumor immune contexture and its implication in developing effective immune-therapeutic approaches. Concise conclusion Recent effort geared toward developing novel immune-therapeutic approaches faces significant challenges due to sustained mutations in tumor cells and a highly immune-suppressive microenvironment present within the tumor milieu. The cytokines play a crucial role in developing an immune-suppressive environment that ultimately dictates the fate of tumorigenesis. This review critically covers the novel aspects of predominant immune-suppressive cytokines such as interleukin-10, transforming growth factor-β, interleukin-4, and interleukin-35 in dictating the fate of tumorigenesis and how targeting these cytokines can help the development of better immune-therapeutic drug regimens for the treatment of cancer.
Knowledge of pregnancy danger signs and its associated factors among pregnant women in Debre Tabor Town Health Facilities, South Gondar Administrative Zone, North West Ethiopia, 2019: Cross-sectional study
Authors: Asferie Worku Necho , Goshu Bizunesh 
Published: January 2022

Background: Pregnancy complications are one of the most common health problems and causes of death among women in developing countries. Knowledge of obstetric danger signs during pregnancy, labor, and postnatal period is an essential first step for the appropriate and timely referral. Objective: To assess knowledge of pregnancy danger signs and its associated factors among pregnant women at Debre Tabor Town Health Facilities, South Gondar Zone, Northwest Ethiopia, 2019. Methods and Materials: Facility-based cross-sectional study conducted from 30 December 2018 to 30 January 2019 among 340 pregnant women. Simple random sampling was used to select study subjects. Data entered to Epidata 4.2 and exported Statistical package for social science version 26 for analysis. Binary logistic regression analysis was performed to determine predictors of knowledge of pregnancy danger signs among pregnant women. Finally, a p-value less than 0.05 was used to identify the significant variables. Result: Overall women’s knowledge score on pregnancy danger signs was 74.4%. This finding is not satisfactory and affects pregnancy outcomes. Age, religion, women’s educational status, family size, educational status, and antenatal care follow-up were identified as predictors of knowledge of pregnancy danger signs. Conclusion: Overall knowledge scores of pregnancy danger signs among women were satisfactory compared with different researches in Ethiopia and different countries. Age, mother’s occupation, and antenatal care visit were significant factors of knowledge of pregnancy danger signs among study participants.
Effectiveness of Workplace Mediterranean Diet Interventions on Cardiometabolic Risk Factors: A Systematic Review
Authors: García Pérez de Sevilla Guillermo , Sánchez-Pinto Pinto Beatriz 
Published: January 2022

Background: There are numerous health benefits related to high adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet), providing a protective effect against cardiometabolic diseases, but there are very few MedDiet studies conducted in the workplace. Therefore, the purpose of this systematic review is to analyze the effectiveness of MedDiet workplace interventions on cardiovascular risk factors. Methods: Studies were identified in four databases: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and CINAHL, published from the earliest time point until 15 May 2021. The inclusion criteria were (a) adults aged 18 to 70 years; (b) MedDiet intervention only; (c) intervention was conducted in a workplace; and (d) the outcomes included measurement of cardiometabolic biomarkers. Exclusion criteria were (a) abstract not in English; (b) full-text non-available; and (c) review articles. Ninety-five studies were retrieved and assessed for inclusion by two independent reviewers, who also used the Cochrane Collaboration Tool to assess study quality and risk of bias. Results: Five high-quality studies were included ( n = 436, 89% male). MedDiet interventions carried out within the workplace were effective in improving cardiovascular risk factors such as lipid profile and insulin sensitivity compared with a low-fat diet, especially among obese participants. Blood pressure and inflammatory markers were not improved after the MedDiet interventions. Conclusions: Worksite occupational health teams should consider promoting MedDiet by conducting regular nutritional sessions and providing tailored menus in workplace cafeterias. However, more high-quality studies are necessary to bring more evidence to this topic.