bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gastric feeding intolerance in critically ill patients during sustained pharmacologic neuromuscular blockade
Authors: Dickerson Roland N. , Corley Catherine E. , Holmes Whitney L. , Byerly Saskya , Filiberto Dina M. , Fischer Peter E. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this study was to assess gastric feeding intolerance for critically ill patients who received sustained neuromuscular blocker (NMB) pharmacotherapy.MethodsAdult patients (>17 years of age) admitted to the trauma intensive care unit who received continuous intravenous NMB pharmacotherapy (rocuronium, cisatracurium, vecuronium, or pancuronium) for ≥48 h during continuous intragastric enteral nutrition (EN) were retrospectively evaluated. Gastric feeding intolerance was defined by initiation of a prokinetic agent (metoclopramide, erythromycin, or both) for an elevated gastric residual volume (GRV) >300 ml and with distention of the abdomen by physical examination, observation of regurgitation or emesis, temporary discontinuation of EN with low intermittent gastric suctioning, or initiation of parenteral nutrition (PN). Patients were evaluated for gastric feeding intolerance for the first 3 days of combined EN and NMB pharmacotherapy. A P value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsTen patients of the 47 patients (21%) were intolerant to EN during NMB pharmacotherapy. No statistically or clinically relevant differences in patient characteristics were found between patients who tolerated EN vs those who experienced gastric feeding intolerance, except for a higher median maximum GRV of 125 ml (28, 200) vs 300 (250, 400) ml, respectively (P < 0.001). Five patients responded to prokinetic therapy and five required PN.ConclusionMost patients tolerated intragastric EN during sustained NMB pharmacotherapy. Presence of NMB pharmacotherapy is not an absolute contraindication for EN.
Metabolic phenotypes and incident type 2 diabetes: Population‐based Panasonic cohort study 6
Authors: Kobayashi Ayaka , Okada Hiroshi , Hamaguchi Masahide , Kurogi Kazushiro , Murata Hiroaki , Ito Masato , Fukui Michiaki 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to assess the association between changes in metabolic phenotypes and incident type 2 diabetes.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study included participants from a medical health checkup program conducted by the Panasonic Corporation, Japan, between 2008 and 2018. The metabolic phenotypes of the participants in 2008 and 2013 were assessed. The association between changes in metabolic phenotypes from 2008 to 2013 and incident type 2 diabetes (n = 58,638) were evaluated for a 5‐year follow‐up using Cox regression analyses.ResultsThe stable, metabolically healthy obesity group was associated with a higher risk of incident type 2 diabetes than the stable, metabolically healthy nonobesity (MHNO) group (hazard ratio [HR] 3.22, 95% CI: 2.71‐3.83). When participants with metabolically healthy obesity experienced a change to MHNO, their risk of incident type 2 diabetes was similar to that of participants in the stable MHNO group (HR 1.28, 95% CI: 0.78‐1.90). Once the participants had metabolic abnormalities, the risk of incident type 2 diabetes was higher than that in the stable MHNO group, even after undergoing a change to MHNO.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates that it is important to pay attention to the changes in metabolic phenotypes to prevent incident type 2 diabetes in Japanese populations.
The use of virtual visits for obesity pharmacotherapy in patients with overweight or obesity compared with in‐person encounters
Authors: Griebeler Marcio L. , Butsch W. Scott , Rodriguez Paloma , Lomeli Laura , Kampert Matthew , Makin Vinni , Alwahab Ula Abed , Borukh Elena , Daigle Erin , Bena James , Pantalone Kevin M. , Burguera Bartolome 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to demonstrate noninferiority using telehealth in treating obesity with phentermine in patients with BMI ≥ 27 kg/m2 with comorbidities or BMI ≥ 30 compared with the standard in‐person approach over a 90‐day period.MethodsA 12‐week, randomized, prospective, single‐center, open label trial compared the use of virtual visits versus in‐person visits for the treatment of obesity using phentermine. The primary end point was percentage mean change in body weight from baseline to 12 weeks. A noninferiority approach assuming a 3% noninferiority region was used to assess effect size differences.ResultsThe weight loss in the virtual visit arm was noninferior to the in‐person arm at all time points. At 12 weeks, the mean change in weight was −6.5% among the virtual group and −7.7% among the in‐person group. In addition, 65% of virtual patients and 71% of in‐person patients demonstrated a weight reduction of at least 5%. There was no difference in medication tolerance, adherence, and compliance.ConclusionsThese results indicate that the virtual obesity pharmacotherapy visits in adults aged 18 to 65 years prescribed phentermine are effective and noninferior in achieving meaningful weight loss after 12 weeks. Future clinical trials are needed to better assess the effectiveness of televisits for obesity pharmacotherapy.
The French FRACTURE database: A way to improve knowledge on management of children with very rare tumors
Authors: Mallebranche Coralie , Reguerre Yves , Fresneau Brice , Andre Nicolas , Berger Claire , Briandet Claire , Castex Marie‐Pierre , Defachelles Anne‐Sophie , Faure‐Conter Cécile , Lejeune Julien , Klein Sébastien , Leverger Guy , Marie‐Cardine Aude , Oudot Caroline , Freycon Claire , Proust Stéphanie , Roumy Marianne , Thebaud Estelle , Verite Cécile , Lacour Brigitte , Orbach Daniel 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIntroductionVery rare pediatric tumors (VRTs), defined by an annual incidence ≤2 per million inhabitants, represent a heterogeneous group of cancers. Due to their extremely low incidence, knowledge on these tumors is scant. Since 2012, the French Very Rare Tumors Committee (FRACTURE) database has recorded clinical data about VRTs in France. This study aims: (a) to describe the tumors registered in the FRACTURE database; and (b) to compare these data with those registered in the French National Registry of Childhood Cancer (RNCE).MethodsData recorded in the FRACTURE database between January 1, 2012 and December 31, 2018 were analyzed. In addition, these data were compared with those of the RNCE database between 2012 and 2015 to evaluate the completeness of the documentation and understand any discrepancies.ResultsA total of 477 patients with VRTs were registered in the FRACTURE database, representing 97 histological types. Of the 14 most common tumors registered in the RNCE (772 patients), only 19% were also registered in the FRACTURE database. Total 39% of children and adolescent VRTs registered in the RNCE and/or FRACTURE database (323 of a total of 828 patients) were not treated in or linked to a specialized pediatric oncology unit.ConclusionVRTs represent many different heterogenous entities, which nevertheless account for 10% of all pediatric cancers diagnosed each year. Sustainability in the collection of these rare tumor cases is therefore important, and a regular systematic collaboration between the FRACTURE database and the RNCE register helps to provide a more exhaustive picture of these VRTs and allow research completeness for some peculiar groups of patients.
Advancing autism technology
Authors: deLeyer‐Tiarks Johanna M. , Li Michael G. , Levine‐Schmitt Michelle , Andrade Bryndis , Bray Melissa A. , Peters Emily 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe purpose of this review is to broadly identify technological advances in supports and evaluation for individuals on the autism spectrum. Literature review with commentary on the evolving technologies supporting and/or evaluating social‐emotional, behavioral, academic, and cognitive domains. There has been an increasing synthesis of technology within the education domain. A growing body of research has investigated the potentiality and efficacy of technological interventions, specifically in the area of support for individuals on the autism spectrum. This growth must also factor in sustainability and feasibility to be practical within the school setting. Continued research is also necessary to ensure the equity of technology supporting individuals on the autism spectrum.
Uncovering and controlling the ESIPT behavior for 2,2‐dipicolylamino substituted 2‐(2′‐hydroxybenzofuranyl) benzoxazole: Solvent polarity
Authors: Zhao Jinfeng , Fan Liming , Feng Lu , Jin Bing , Zhao Shutao 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn view of potential applications of fluorescent probe for the novel 2,2‐dipicolylamino substituted 2‐(2′‐hydroxybenzofuranyl) benzoxazole (HBBODipic) dye, herein, we mainly focus on exploring effect of solvent polarity on ESIPT behavior for HBBODipoc. First, we compare the dominating atomic charge distribution, geometric parameters, and infrared (IR) vibrational behaviors of HBBODipic, and we confirm that intramolecular hydrogen bond O–H···N could be strengthened in S1 state and nonpolar solvents are more conducive to the strengthening of hydrogen bonds. Via studying frontier molecular orbitals (MOs), we clarify that intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) occurs in excited molecule and charge redistribution facilitates ESIPT for HBBODipoc. In particular, nonpolar solvent is more propitious to ESIPT process of HBBODipic. Finally, we calculate and compare the potential energy curve of HBBODipic in solvent with different polarities. We present that the ESIPT process of HBBODipic could be regulated by solvent polarity; that is, nonpolar solvents are more favorable for ESIPT reaction for HBBODipic flurophore.
Host and viral proteins involved in SARS‐CoV‐2 infection differentially bind heme
Authors: Hopp Marie‐T. , Rathod Dhruv C. , Imhof Diana 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn most severe cases, SARS‐CoV‐2‐induced autoimmune reactions have been associated with hemolytic complications. Hemolysis‐derived heme from ruptured red blood cells has been shown to trigger a variety of fatal proinflammatory and procoagulant effects, which might deteriorate the progression of COVID‐19. In addition, the virus itself can induce proinflammatory signals via the accessory protein 7a. Direct heme binding to the SARS‐CoV‐2 protein 7a ectodomain and other COVID‐19‐related proteins has been suggested earlier. Here, we report the experimental analysis of heme binding to the viral proteins spike glycoprotein, protein 7a as well as the host protein ACE2. Thus, protein 7a chemical synthesis was established, including an in‐depth analysis of the three different disulfide‐bonded isomers. Surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy and in silico studies confirm a transient, biphasic binding behavior, and heme‐binding affinities in the nano‐ to low micromolar range. These results confirm the presence of the earlier identified heme‐binding motifs and emphasize the relevance for consideration of labile heme in preexisting or SARS‐CoV‐2‐induced hemolytic conditions in COVID‐19 patients.
Automatic terminal guidance for small fixed‐wing unmanned aerial vehicles
Authors: Yang Yachao , Li Jie , Liu Chang , Yang Yu , Li Juan , Wang Zhenbei , Wu Xueyong , Fu Lei , Xu Xiao 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe research presented in this article focuses on expanding and deepening the prior research of a low‐cost terminal guidance system in a previous paper entitled “Design, implementation and verification of a low‐cost terminal guidance system for small fixed‐wing UAVs.” An automatic terminal guidance workflow is specially designed for an individual in a small fixed‐wing unmanned aerial vehicle (SUAV) swarm. The extended work around the proposed workflow primarily involves upgrading onboard hardware modules to improve sensor accuracy and environmental adaptability, the imaging performance of the seeker, as well as the computational capability of the image processor, applying object detection to replace the human‐in‐the‐loop function and adopting the integral proportional guidance law in the vertical direction to reduce the required overload and obtain a larger impact angle. Furthermore, we conducted several field tests on two types of SUAV against a stationary target on the ground in a field scenario. The experiments have generated valuable onboard image data and SUAV status information, all of which are aligned in the time domain. The only remaining data sets that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author. Our study into automatic terminal guidance has yielded a solution of the automatic strap‐down monocular terminal guidance problem of individual SUAVs. The field trials of a single SUAV demonstrate the robustness and efficiency of the proposed automatic terminal guidance methodology and lays a foundation for the future SUAVs' cooperative attack test.
Molecular Crowding Electrolytes for Stable Proton Batteries
Authors: Wu Sicheng , Chen Junbo , Su Zhen , Guo Haocheng , Zhao Tingwen , Jia Chen , Stansby Jennifer , Tang Jiaqi , Rawal Aditya , Fang Yu , Ho Junming , Zhao Chuan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractProton electrochemistry is promising for developing post‐lithium energy storage devices with high capacity and rate capability. However, some electrode materials are vulnerable because of the co‐intercalation of free water molecules in traditional acid electrolytes, resulting in rapid capacity fading. Here, the authors report a molecular crowding electrolyte with the usage of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) as a crowding agent, achieving fast and stable electrochemical proton storage and expanded working potential window (3.2 V). Spectroscopic characterisations reveal the formation of hydrogen bonds between water and PEG molecules, which is beneficial for confining the activity of water molecules. Molecular dynamics simulations confirm a significant decrease of free water fraction in the molecular crowding electrolyte. Dynamic structural evolution of the MoO3 anode is studied by in‐situ synchrotron X‐ray diffraction (XRD), revealing a reversible multi‐step naked proton (de)intercalation mechanism. Surficial adsorption of PEG molecules on MoO3 anode works in synergy to alleviate the destructive effect of concurrent water desolvation, thereby achieving enhanced cycling stability. This strategy offers possibilities of practical applications of proton electrochemistry thanks to the low‐cost and eco‐friendly nature of PEG additives.
Improvement of Open‐Circuit Voltage Deficit via Pre‐Treated NH4+ Ion Modification of Interface between SnO2 and Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Kim Jihyun , Park Joonho , Kim Yong‐Hoon , Jo William 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPassivation is a popular method to increase power conversion efficiency (PCE), reduce hysteresis related to surface traps and defects, and adjust mismatched energy levels. In this paper, an approach is reported using ammonium chloride (AC) to enhance passivation effects by controlling chlorine (Cl) and ammonium ions (NH4+) on the front and back side of tin oxides (SnO2). AC pre‐treatment is applied to indium tin‐oxide (ITO) prior to SnO2 deposition to advance the passivation approaches and compare the completely separated NH4+ and Cl passivation effects, and sole NH4+ is successfully isolated on the SnO2 surface, the counterpart of AC‐post‐treatment, generating ammonia (NH3) and Cl. It is demonstrated that multifunctional healing effects of NH4+ are ascribed from AC‐pre‐treatment being the basis of SnO2 crystallization and adjusting bifacial interface energy levels at ITO/SnO2 and SnO2/perovskite to enhance photo‐carrier transport. As calculated by density functional theory, how the change of the passivation agent from Cl to NH4+ more effectively suppresses non‐radiative recombination ascribed to hydrated SnO2 surface defects is explained. Consequently, enhancement of photo‐carrier transport significantly improves a superior open‐circuit voltage of 1.180 V and suppresses the hysteresis, which leads to the PCE of 22.25% in an AC‐pre‐treated device 3.000% higher than AC‐post‐treated devices.
Switchable Tuning CO2 Hydrogenation Selectivity by Encapsulation of the Rh Nanoparticles While Exposing Single Atoms
Authors: Han Bing , Li Qinghe , Jiang Xunzhu , Guo Yalin , Jiang Qike , Su Yang , Li Lin , Qiao Botao 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe switch of CO2 hydrogenation selectivity from CH4 to CO over TiO2 supported Rh catalysts is accomplished via selective encapsulation of Rh nanoparticles while exposing Rh single atoms by high‐temperature reduction (HTR) according to their different strong metal‐support interaction (SMSI) occurrence conditions, which can be reversed by subsequent oxidation treatment.
Biomimetic Transparent Nanoplasmonic Meshes by Reverse‐Nanoimprinting for Bio‐Interfaced Spatiotemporal Multimodal SERS Bioanalysis
Authors: Garg Aditya , Mejia Elieser , Nam Wonil , Vikesland Peter , Zhou Wei 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMulticellular systems, such as microbial biofilms and cancerous tumors, feature complex biological activities coordinated by cellular interactions mediated via different signaling and regulatory pathways, which are intrinsically heterogeneous, dynamic, and adaptive. However, due to their invasiveness or their inability to interface with native cellular networks, standard bioanalysis methods do not allow in situ spatiotemporal biochemical monitoring of multicellular systems to capture holistic spatiotemporal pictures of systems‐level biology. Here, a high‐throughput reverse nanoimprint lithography approach is reported to create biomimetic transparent nanoplasmonic microporous mesh (BTNMM) devices with ultrathin flexible microporous structures for spatiotemporal multimodal surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) measurements at the bio‐interface. It is demonstrated that BTNMMs, supporting uniform and ultrasensitive SERS hotspots, can simultaneously enable spatiotemporal multimodal SERS measurements for targeted pH sensing and non‐targeted molecular detection to resolve the diffusion dynamics for pH, adenine, and Rhodamine 6G molecules in agarose gel. Moreover, it is demonstrated that BTNMMs can act as multifunctional bio‐interfaced SERS sensors to conduct in situ spatiotemporal pH mapping and molecular profiling of Escherichia coli biofilms. It is envisioned that the ultrasensitive multimodal SERS capability, transport permeability, and biomechanical compatibility of the BTNMMs can open exciting avenues for bio‐interfaced multifunctional sensing applications both in vitro and in vivo.
Rich Self‐Generated Phase Boundaries of Heterostructured VS4/Bi2S3@C Nanorods for Long Lifespan Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Fan Runze , Zhao Chenyu , Ma Jiahui , Wu Jun , He Tao , Dong Yangtao , Dai Junjie , Cai Yurong 
Published: September 2022

AbstractRationally designing on sundry multiphase compounds has come into the spotlight for sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) due to enhanced structural stability and improved electrochemical performances. Nevertheless, there is still a lack of thorough understanding of the reaction mechanism of high‐active phase boundaries existing between multiphase compounds. Here, a VS4/Bi2S3@C composite anode for SIBs with rich phase boundaries in heterostructure is successfully synthesized. In situ X‐ray diffraction analyses demonstrate a multistep redox mechanism in the heterostructures and ex situ transmission electron microscopy results confirm that tremendous self‐generated phase boundaries are obtained and well‐maintained during cycling, dramatically leading to stable reaction interfaces and better structural integrity. Combining experimental and theoretical results, a self‐built‐in electric field forming between phase boundaries acts as a dominate driving force for Na+ transport kinetics. Benefiting from the fast reaction kinetics of phase boundaries, the heterojunction provides an efficient approach to avoid abnormal voltage failure. As expected, the VS4/Bi2S3@C heterostructure displays superior sodium storage performances, especially an excellent long‐term cycling stability (379.0 mAh g−1 after 1800 cycles at a current density up to 2 A g−1). This work confirms a critical role of phase boundaries on superior reversibility and structural stability, and provides a strategy for analogous conversion/alloying‐type anodes.
HFH‐Nachbehandlung höchstfester Baustähle – Erweiterung der DASt‐Richtlinie 026 – Kerbfalleinstufung unter Berücksichtigung geometrischer Fertigungsimperfektionen
Authors: Ummenhofer Thomas , Kuhlmann Ulrike , Henkel Knuth‐Michael , Flügge Wilko , Weidner Philipp , Armbruster Katrin , Gölz Lisa‐Marie , Gericke Andreas , Ripsch Benjamin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBei hochbeanspruchten Stahlkonstruktionen wie Windenergieanlagen oder Brücken ist der Einsatz höchstfester Baustähle interessant, allerdings wird bei diesen Bauwerken meist der Ermüdungsnachweis maßgebend. Die in den zu verwendenden Regelwerken angegebenen Kerbfälle sind unabhängig von der Werkstofffestigkeit, sodass der Einsatz hoch‐ oder höchstfester Stähle bei einer Dominanz des Betriebsfestigkeitsnachweises keine Vorteile bei diesen Konstruktionen bietet. Durch den Einsatz einer Schweißnahtnachbehandlung mit höherfrequenten Hämmerverfahren (HFH) kann die Ermüdungsfestigkeit geschweißter Verbindungen jedoch entscheidend erhöht werden. Dabei zeigen alle bisherigen Untersuchungen eine zunehmende Effektivität der HFH‐Verfahren mit steigender Werkstofffestigkeit. Die neue DASt‐Richtlinie 026 regelt die Ermüdungsbemessung von Kerbdetails aus den Stahlsorten S235–S700 für die Anwendung von HFH‐Verfahren. Die Erweiterung auf höchstfeste Stähle bis S960 steht noch aus. Ebenso ist der Umgang mit geometrischen Imperfektionen außerhalb der Grenzwerte der Schweißnahtbewertungsgruppe B gemäß ISO 5817 bislang nicht geregelt. Im laufenden AiF‐FOSTA‐Forschungsprojekt 21410 BG (P 1505) sollen die Grundlagen für eine Erweiterung der DASt‐Richtlinie 026 auf höchstfeste Stähle bis S960 gelegt und der Einfluss von erhöhten Fertigungsimperfektionen auf die Ermüdungsfestigkeit HFH‐behandelter Schweißnähte gezielt untersucht werden. Im Folgenden wird das Vorhaben vorgestellt und erste Projektergebnisse gezeigt.
The effect and mechanism of excessive iodine on the endothelial function of human umbilical vein endothelial cells
Authors: Wang Dandan , Li Peng , Liu Lixiang , Liu Peng , Zhou Zheng , Jin Meihui , Li Baoxiang , Li Fan , Chen Yao , Shen Hongmei 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIodine excess (IE) can cause thyroid dysfunction, thyroid diseases can adversely affect cardiovascular function. Accordingly, this study was to explore the direct and indirect effects of IE on endothelial function. Nthy‐ori 3‐1 and HUVECs cells were treated with potassium iodide (KI). CCK‐8, LDH leakage, Elisa, RT‐PCR and Western blotting were used to detect relevant indicators. Results showed that a certain level of KI can directly and indirectly reduce the viability of HUVECs and increase cytotoxicity. KI decreased the expression of ET‐1 and VWF in HUVECs, inhibited the secretion of ET‐1 in culture medium, and increased the expression of IL‐6 and TNFα in HUVECs or Nthy‐ori 3‐1 cells alone. In the co‐culture system, KI decreased the expression of ET‐1 and THBD and increased the expression of TNFα and IL‐6. Collectively, IE can directly and indirectly inhibit endothelial function of endothelial cells, which may be related to its induced inflammatory response.