bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Attitudes Toward Inclusion and Benefits Perceived by Families in Schools with Students with Autism Spectrum Disorders
Authors: Simón Cecilia , Martínez-Rico Gabriel , McWilliam R. A. , Cañadas Margarita 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe aim of this study was to find out about attitudes toward inclusion and benefits perceived by families with children enrolled in schools attended by students with ASD at different educational stages (from kindergarten to high school). 323 families of classmates of students with ASD from different educational stages of 16 mainstream schools participated. The analysis of the attitudes, perceived benefits, relationship with the teacher, and relationship with the school was carried out through questionnaires. The results show positive attitudes toward the inclusive education of students with ASD in all families, but especially among families of children with SEN. All the families identified the benefit of inclusion. Attitudes are related to collaboration with the school and satisfaction with teachers.
Impact of right ventricular pacing site on the subcutaneous ICD sensing—a step towards personalised device therapy?
Authors: ElRefai Mohamed , Abouelasaad Mohamed , Menexi Christina , Morgan John , Roberts Paul R. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Background
Patients with an existing subcutaneous implantable cardiac defibrillator (S-ICD) may develop a pacing indication. When transvenous pacing is not feasible, combining an S-ICD and a leadless pacemaker (LP) can be a reasonable option. There are reports of concomitant use of both devices. However, the effect of pacing on the S-ICD sensing is not well studied. We hypothesise that pacing changes R and T-wave amplitudes, causing changes in R:T ratios as perceived by a S-ICD, increasing the risk for T wave oversensing (TWO) during paced rhythm with a subsequent risk of inappropriate shocks.

Methods
This is a prospective study in patients undergoing electrophysiological studies. Participants were fitted with a Holter®, and the leads were placed to correspond to the vectors of an S-ICD. The right ventricle was paced at four positions for 10 beats each at 8 mA/2 ms. The Holter® traces were analysed, using two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) to assess the effect of pacing on the R:T ratio.

Results
Forty-seven patients (age 56.02 ± 16.02, 72% male) were enrolled (81% structurally normal heart, 15% dilated cardiomyopathy, 2% ischaemic cardiomyopathy, and 2% adult congenital heart disease). Age, sex, and aetiology had no effect on the R:T ratio. Pacing caused significant changes in the R:T ratio. There was no significant difference in the R:T ratios between the pacing sites (p < 0.001).

Conclusions
Pacing alters the R:T ratio significantly in most patients, theoretically increasing the risk for TWO and inappropriate shocks. Tailored programming for both devices is important for concomitant use of LPs and S-ICDs.
The Influence of Attachment Style, Self-protective Beliefs, and Feelings of Rejection on the Decline and Growth of Trust as a Function of Borderline Personality Disorder Trait Count
Authors: Abramov Gamze , Kautz Jason , Miellet Sebastien , Deane Frank P. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBorderline personality disorder (BPD) is associated with paradoxical trust behaviours, specifically a faster rate of trust growth in the face of trust violations. The current study set out to understand whether attachment style, self-protective beliefs, and feelings of rejection underpin this pattern. Young adults (N=234) played a 15-round trust game in which partner cooperation was varied to create three phases of trust: formation, dissolution, and restoration. Discontinuous growth modelling was employed to observe whether the effect of BPD trait count on trust levels and growth is moderated by fearful or preoccupied attachment style, self-protective beliefs, and feelings of rejection. Results suggest that the slower rate of trust formation associated with BPD trait count was accounted for by feelings of rejection or self-protective beliefs, both of which predicted a slower rate of trust growth. The faster rate of trust growth in response to trust violations associated with BPD trait count was no longer significant after self-protective beliefs were accounted for. Interventions targeting self-protective beliefs and feelings of rejection may address the trust-based interpersonal difficulties associated with BPD.
Phase-space Rényi entropy, complexity and thermodynamic picture of density functional theory
Authors: Nagy Á. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPhase-space Rényi entropy and complexity are defined within the thermodynamic picture of density functional theory. The structural entropy defined by Pipek, Varga and Nagy, the LMC statistical complexity introduced by López-Ruiz, Mancini and Calbet and generalized complexity proposed by López-Ruiz, Nagy, Romera and Sanudo are extended to the phase space. It is shown that in case of constant local temperature the logarithm of the phase-space LMC complexity reduces to the position-space structural entropy defined by Pipek et al.
Experiences of Food-Insecure Pregnant Women and Factors Influencing Their Food Choices
Authors: Zinga Julia , McKay Fiona H. , Lindberg Rebecca , van der Pligt Paige 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Introduction

Food insecurity (FI), an inadequate access to healthy, affordable food, is a public health concern primarily driven by material hardship. Optimal antenatal nutrition promotes best health outcomes for the mother and baby. Pregnant women experiencing FI are less able to access healthy foods, increasing the risk of complications such as gestational diabetes and preterm labour. Little is known about the experiences of food-insecure pregnant women in obtaining sufficient, nutritious food, their perceptions regarding antenatal nutrition and how this contributes to their food choices.

Methods
This qualitative study conducted from August to November 2020, during the COVID-19 pandemic, examined the experiences and coping strategies of food-insecure pregnant women, and the factors influencing their food choices. Seven English-speaking food-insecure pregnant women participated in semi-structured interviews. Interview transcripts were thematically analysed, informed by grounded theory methodology.

Results
Three themes were identified through analysis of the interviews related to strategies that managed household food supply, factors that influenced food choices, and experiences of pregnancy during the COVID-19 pandemic. As a result of a limited food budget, pregnancy symptoms, the cognitive overload that attends the FI experience, and the acute yet significant impact of the pandemic, food-insecure pregnant women in this study defaulted to cheap and convenient food choices despite acknowledging the importance of eating well for pregnancy.

Conclusion
FI during pregnancy is burdensome, relentless and undermines women’s wellbeing. Supportive strategies within antenatal healthcare settings are urgently required to deliver an equitable health response for vulnerable women.
Root hairs matter at field scale for maize shoot growth and nutrient uptake, but root trait plasticity is primarily triggered by texture and drought
Authors: Vetterlein Doris , Phalempin Maxime , Lippold Eva , Schlüter Steffen , Schreiter Susanne , Ahmed Mutez A. , Carminati Andrea , Duddek Patrick , Jorda Helena , Bienert Gerd Patrick , Bienert Manuela Desiree , Tarkka Mika , Ganther Minh , Oburger Eva , Santangeli Michael , Javaux Mathieu , Vanderborght Jan 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Aims
Root hairs are important for uptake, especially for nutrients with low mobility in soils with high sorption capacity. Mutants with defective root hairs are expected to have lower nutrient uptake, unless they compensate with more root growth. Since root hairs can also contribute to the plant's water uptake their importance could change over the course of a growing season. It was our objective to investigate the role of root hairs under field conditions.

Methods
The root hair mutant rth3 of Zea mays and the corresponding wild-type were grown for two years under field conditions on sand and loam.

Results
Shoot growth and P and K uptake of the plants were promoted by the presence of hairs at all growth stages. Differences between genotypes were greater on loam than on sand until tassel emergence, presumably as additional exploitation by hairs is more relevant in loam. Compensation for the absence of root hairs by increased root growth was not observed in absolute terms. The root to shoot ratio was higher for rth3 than for wild-type. Root traits showed high plasticity in response to texture, the most salient being a greater mean root diameter in sand, irrespective of genotype. The mechanism causing the increase in mean root diameter is still unknown. Root length density was higher in sand, which can be explained by a greater need for exploration than exploitation in this substrate.

Conclusion
The role of hairs for nutrient uptake could be confirmed under field conditions. The large impact of texture on root growth and consequences for carbon balance require further investigations.
The Uncanny Challenge of Self-Cultivation in the Anthropocene
Authors: Varpanen Jan , Saari Antti , Jurvakainen Katri , Kallio Johanna 
Published: April 2022

AbstractSelf-cultivation—taking pedagogical action to educate oneself—is an integral part of non-formal adult education. Ever since Greek antiquity, it has been a central ingredient in the western philosophical and educational tradition. However, we argue that the global challenges that have emerged in the present era of the ecological crisis call for a new kind of understanding of this basic educational phenomenon. Based in particular on recent work in dark ecology and its central concept of the ‘uncanny’, we outline a few key features of our time in relation to the contemporary challenge of self-cultivation. We then review extant literature on self-cultivation to ascertain whether the theoretical resources that have been used to conceptualise it in the past are capable of addressing these new aspects of self-cultivation. We conclude that each of the theoretical resources analysed here offer valuable insights into the novel challenges facing self-cultivation, though not all important questions can be answered. By specifying the contributions and limitations of these theoretical resources, we pave the way for future work on conceptualising self-cultivation for our times.
A forgotten logical expressivist: Strawson’s philosophy of logic and its challenges
Authors: Heyndels Sybren 
Published: April 2022

AbstractP.F. Strawson contributed to many philosophical domains, including the philosophy of language, the history of philosophy, metaphysics, moral philosophy and philosophical methodology. Most of his contributions in these areas have influenced contemporary debates, either because his views are still defended or because they are still considered worthy of detailed responses. His views on the philosophy of logic have been only rarely discussed, however. My aim in this paper is threefold. First, I provide a systematic account of Strawson’s philosophy of logic. I argue that Strawson is an important predecessor of logical expressivism, a contemporary position in the philosophy of logic most notably defended by Robert Brandom. My main focus is on Strawson’s largely-neglected 1982 paper ‘Logical Form and Logical Constants’, which contains his most mature ideas on the topic. Second, while Strawson’s position is of historical and independent philosophical interest, I argue that he leaves many points unclear. Finally, I propose several clarifications of Strawson’s position.
Plesiochorus irwinorum n. sp. (Trematoda: Gorgoderidae) from the urinary bladder of the hawksbill turtle, Eretmochelys imbricata (Testudines: Cheloniidae), off the east coast of Australia
Authors: Corner Richard D. , Booth Rosemary J. , Cutmore Scott C. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPlesiochorus Looss, 1901 is a genus of Gorgoderidae infecting the urinary bladders of marine turtles globally. Currently, just two morphologically similar species are recognised, Plesiochorus cymbiformis (Rudolphi, 1819) Looss, 1901 and Plesiochorus elongatus Pigulevsky, 1953, which have been distinguished by molecular data and subtle morphological differences. Here we describe a new species, Plesiochorus irwinorumn. sp., infecting hawksbill turtles (Eretmochelys imbricata (L.)), which is primarily distinguished from the other two species of Plesiochorus on the basis of ITS2, cox1 and 28S sequence data. Morphometric data for specimens examined during this study overlap between P. cymbiformis and P. irwinorumn. sp. for every measured feature, rendering them functionally cryptic. However, principal components analysis clearly distinguishes the two species. Additionally, we report new specimens of P. cymbiformis, and provide new sequence data for specimens from Australian loggerhead (Caretta caretta (L.)) and hawksbill turtles. There is little understanding of the host-specificity or geographical distribution of the three species of Plesiochorus, and it remains possible that some of the previously reported sequences have been attributed to the wrong species.
Non-destructive methods to assess health of wild tropical frogs (túngara frogs: Engystomops pustulosus) in Trinidad reveal negative impacts of agricultural land
Authors: Orton Frances , Mangan Stephanie , Newton Laura , Marianes Alexis 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAmphibians are threatened globally with at least 43% of species declining and the most important stressor being habitat loss or degradation. Amphibians inhabiting highly biodiverse tropical regions are disproportionately threatened; however, the effects of landscape alterations on amphibian health are virtually unknown. In this study, we utilised non-destructive techniques to compare size (weight, snout-vent length [SVL]), body condition, male secondary sexual features (forelimb width, nuptial pad length) and breeding success (egg number, fertility [percentage fertilised eggs], hatching success) in túngara frogs (Engystomops pustulosus) collected from reference (n = 5), suburban (n = 6) and agricultural (n = 4) sites in Trinidad; characterised by presence/absence of crops/houses. All measured endpoints were negatively impacted in frogs collected from agricultural sites. The largest effect was observed for hatching success (2.77-fold lower) and egg number (2.5-fold lower). Less pronounced effects were observed on male frogs (weight: 1.77-fold lower; SVL: 1.18-fold lower; forelimb width: 1.33-fold lower; nuptial pad length: 1.15-fold lower). Our findings demonstrate negative impacts of agricultural sites on túngara frog health, with the number of viable offspring reduced by almost one third. The methods outlined here are technically simple and low-cost and thereby have potential for application to other species in order to investigate the potential impacts of habitat degradation on amphibian health. Furthermore, as these methods are non-destructive, they could be used to investigate the potential contribution of frog size and/or reproductive capability as a causative factor contributing to population declines in threatened species, which is particularly pressing in tropical regions.
Explainability of deep neural networks for MRI analysis of brain tumors
Authors: Zeineldin Ramy A. , Karar Mohamed E. , Elshaer Ziad , Coburger ·Jan , Wirtz Christian R. , Burgert Oliver , Mathis-Ullrich Franziska 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Artificial intelligence (AI), in particular deep neural networks, has achieved remarkable results for medical image analysis in several applications. Yet the lack of explainability of deep neural models is considered the principal restriction before applying these methods in clinical practice.

Methods
In this study, we propose a NeuroXAI framework for explainable AI of deep learning networks to increase the trust of medical experts. NeuroXAI implements seven state-of-the-art explanation methods providing visualization maps to help make deep learning models transparent.

Results
NeuroXAI has been applied to two applications of the most widely investigated problems in brain imaging analysis, i.e., image classification and segmentation using magnetic resonance (MR) modality. Visual attention maps of multiple XAI methods have been generated and compared for both applications. Another experiment demonstrated that NeuroXAI can provide information flow visualization on internal layers of a segmentation CNN.

Conclusion
Due to its open architecture, ease of implementation, and scalability to new XAI methods, NeuroXAI could be utilized to assist radiologists and medical professionals in the detection and diagnosis of brain tumors in the clinical routine of cancer patients. The code of NeuroXAI is publicly accessible at https://github.com/razeineldin/NeuroXAI.
European Union’s imminent ban on glyphosate: Hormesis should be considered in new chemical screening and selection
Authors: Agathokleous Evgenios 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe European Federation of Food, Agriculture, and Tourism Trade Unions (EFFAT) called for the immediate ban on glyphosate in the 2022 renewal process, promoting the use of natural herbicides and recommending against the use of other harmful or hazardous chemicals. The new chemical testing and selection research agendas should consider the hormetic effects of individual natural herbicides, and their potential mixtures, on targeted and non-targeted organisms to avoid stimulation of pests and negative effects on non-targeted organisms. New scientific research programs are needed to study the effects of mixtures of natural pesticides on soils, plants, animals, and microorganisms within the context of agroforestry.
Supporting women’s health outcomes after breast cancer treatment comparing a text message intervention to usual care: the EMPOWER-SMS randomised clinical trial
Authors: Singleton Anna C. , Raeside Rebecca , Partridge Stephanie R. , Hyun Karice K. , Tat-Ko Justin , Sum Stephanie Che Mun , Hayes Molly , Chow Clara K. , Thiagalingam Aravinda , Maka Katherine , Sherman Kerry A. , Elder Elisabeth , Redfern Julie 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy, feasibility and acceptability of a co-designed lifestyle-focused text message intervention (EMPOWER-SMS) for breast cancer survivors’ self-efficacy, quality of life (QOL), mental (anxiety, depression, stress) and physical (endocrine therapy medication adherence, physical activity, BMI) health.

Methods
Single-blind randomised controlled trial (1:1) comparing EMPOWER-SMS to usual care at 6-months (intention-to-treat). Setting: public Breast Cancer Institute (Sydney, Australia). Eligibility criteria: adult (> 18 years) females, < 18-months post-active breast cancer treatment (stage I-III), owned a mobile phone, written informed consent. Primary outcome: Self-Efficacy for Managing Chronic Disease Scale at 6 months. Process data: message delivery analytics, cost, and post-intervention survey.

Results
Participants (N = 160; mean age ± SD 55.1 ± 11.1 years) were recruited 29th-March-2019 to 7th-May-2020 and randomised (n = 80 EMPOWER-SMS: n = 80 control). Baseline mean self-efficacy was high (I: 7.1 [95%CI 6.6, 7.5], C: 7.4 [7, 7.8]). Six-month follow-up: no significant differences between groups for self-efficacy (I: 7.6 [7.3, 7.9], C: 7.6 [7.3, 7.9], adjusted mean difference 0 (95%CI 0.4, 0.4), QOL, mental health, physical activity, or BMI. Significantly less EMPOWER-SMS participants missed ≥ 1 endocrine therapy medication doses compared to control (I: 3/42[7.1%], C: 8/47[17.0%], Adjusted RR 0.13 [95%CI 0.02, 0.91]). Text messages were delivered successfully (7925/8061, 98.3%), costing $13.62USD/participant. Participants strongly/agreed EMPOWER-SMS was easy-to-understand (64/64; 100%), useful (58/64; 90.6%), motivating for lifestyle change (43/64; 67.2%) and medication adherence (22/46; 47.8%).

Conclusion
EMPOWER-SMS was feasible, inexpensive, acceptable for delivering health information to breast cancer survivors between medical appointments, with minor improvements in medication adherence.

Implications for Cancer Survivors
Text messages offer a feasible strategy for continuity-of-care between medical appointments.
FLT3-inhibitor therapy for prevention and treatment of relapse after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation
Authors: Biavasco Francesca , Zeiser Robert 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe curative potential of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) relies on the graft-versus-leukemia (GVL)-effect. Relapse after allo-HCT occurs in a considerable proportion of patients, and has a dismal prognosis with very limited curative potential, especially for patients with FLT-ITD-mutated AML. Since the first description of sorafenib for treatment of FLT3-ITD-mutated AML, several clinical trials have tried to determine the efficacy of FLT3 inhibitors for preventing and treating AML relapse after allo-HSCT, but many questions regarding differences among compounds and mechanisms of action remain unanswered. This review provides an overview on the established and evolving use of FLT3 inhibitors to prevent or treat relapse of AML in the context of allo-HCT, focusing on the recently discovered immunogenic potential of some FLT3 inhibitors and addressing the possible mechanisms of leukemia drug-escape.
Humanoid Robots – Artificial. Human-like. Credible? Empirical Comparisons of Source Credibility Attributions Between Humans, Humanoid Robots, and Non-human-like Devices
Authors: Finkel Marcel , Krämer Nicole C. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractSource credibility is known as an important prerequisite to ensure effective communication (Pornpitakpan, 2004). Nowadays not only humans but also technological devices such as humanoid robots can communicate with people and can likewise be rated credible or not as reported by Fogg and Tseng (1999). While research related to the machine heuristic suggests that machines are rated more credible than humans (Sundar, 2008), an opposite effect in favor of humans’ information is supposed to occur when algorithmically produced information is wrong (Dietvorst, Simmons, and Massey, 2015). However, humanoid robots may be attributed more in line with humans because of their anthropomorphically embodied exterior compared to non-human-like technological devices. To examine these differences in credibility attributions a 3 (source-type) x 2 (information’s correctness) online experiment was conducted in which 338 participants were asked to either rate a human’s, humanoid robot’s, or non-human-like device’s credibility based on either correct or false communicated information. This between-subjects approach revealed that humans were rated more credible than social robots and smart speakers in terms of trustworthiness and goodwill. Additionally, results show that people’s attributions of theory of mind abilities were lower for robots and smart speakers on the one side and higher for humans on the other side and in part influence the attribution of credibility next to people’s reliance on technology, attributed anthropomorphism, and morality. Furthermore, no main or moderation effect of the information’s correctness was found. In sum, these insights offer hints for a human superiority effect and present relevant insights into the process of attributing credibility to humanoid robots.