bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of haematological, histopathological, and serum biochemical responses in Oreochromis niloticus (L.) upon dietary florfenicol administration
Authors: Bardhan Avishek , Abraham Thangapalam Jawahar , Das Ratnapriya , Dash Gadadhar , Nag Talagunda Srinivasan , Sau Surya Kanta , Sar Tapas Kumar , Patil Prasanna Kumar 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Oreochromis niloticus is imperative in Indian aquaculture attributing to a significant portion of culture fisheries after carps. This study assessed the serum biochemical, haematological, and histopathological changes in O. niloticus juveniles upon dietary administration of florfenicol (FFC) at 15 mg/kg biomass/day (1X) and 45 mg/kg biomass/day (3X) for 10 consecutive days and compared with control. Behavioural changes, feed consumption, survival, and biomass were evaluated. Besides, the levels of serum glucose, calcium, chloride, creatinine, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase, and blood cell morphology were determined at scheduled intervals. The 10 days of oral dosing resulted in 100% (1X) and 96.15% (3X) survival, reduced feed intake, and biomass. Significant erythrocyte morphological alterations were observed in the 1X group compared to the control. Alterations in haematological parameters of FFC-dosed fish suggested apparent cytotoxicity. A substantial hike in lymphocyte counts and mean corpuscular volume was observed. All the serum biomarkers of O. niloticus increased significantly on day 10 dosing in a dose-dependent manner, except for calcium and chloride, which reduced significantly. Marked histopathological changes like degeneration of renal tubular epithelium and widened lumen in the kidney, and glycogen-type vacuolation, cytoplasmic degeneration, and cytoplasmic vacuolation in the liver were observed during the dosing period. Within 3 weeks of suspension of dosing, the 1X group serum biomarker levels became normal except for alkaline phosphatase. The recovery of serum biomarker levels, haematological values, histopathological and erythrocyte morphological changes suggested that the FFC-induced changes are reversible at the therapeutic dose and are safe for O. niloticus.
Interdisciplinary and Cross-Sectoral Perioperative Care Model in Cardiac Surgery: Implementation in the Setting of Minimally-Invasive Heart Valve Surgery (INCREASE) – Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Klotz Susanne G. R. , Ketels Gesche , Behrendt Christian A. , König Hans-Helmut , Kohlmann Sebastian , Löwe Bernd , Petersen Johannes , Stock Sina , Vettorazzi Eik , Zapf Antonia , Zastrow Inke , Zöllner Christian , Reichenspurner Hermann , Girdauskas Evaldas 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Valvular heart diseases are frequent and increasing in prevalence. Minimally invasive heart valve surgery embedded in an interdisciplinary enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) program may have potential benefits with regard to reduced length of stay and improved patient reported outcomes. However, no prospective randomized data exist regarding the superiority of ERAS program for the patients’ outcome.
Methods
We aim to randomize (1:1) a total of 186 eligible patients with minimally invasive heart valve surgery to an ERAS program vs. standard treatment at two centers including the University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany, and the University Hospital Augsburg, Germany. The intervention is composed out of pre-, peri- and postoperative components. The preoperative protocol aims at better preparation for the operation with regard to physical activity, nutrition, and psychological preparedness. Intraoperative anesthesiologic and surgical management are trimmed to enable an early extubation. Patients will be transferred to a specialized postoperative anesthesia care unit, where first mobilization occurs three hours after surgery. Transfer to low care ward will be at the next day and discharge at the fifth day. Participants in the control group will receive treatment as usual. Primary endpoints include functional discharge at discharge and duration of in-hospital care during the first twelve months after index surgery. Secondary outcomes include health-related quality of life, health literacy, and level of physical activity.
Discussion
This is the first randomized controlled trial evaluating the effectiveness of an ERAS process after minimally invasive heart valve surgery. Interprofessional approach is the key factor of the ERAS process and includes in particular surgical, anesthesiological, physiotherapeutic, advanced nursing and psychosocial components. A clinical implication guideline will be developed facilitating the adoption of ERAS model in other heart teams.
Trial registration:
The study has been registered in ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04977362 assigned July 27th, 2021; https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04977362).
Cellular Automaton Equivalence of the Process of 2011 Mw 9 East Japan Earthquake Recorded at Kesennuma City
Authors: Kikuchi Hiroyuki 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This paper links the seismic process of a megathrust earthquake with a cellular automaton (CA) and paves the way for understanding the seismic process by investigating CA. During the seismic process of the Great East Japan Earthquake (GEJE) of magnitude 9, anomalous noise with large amplitude in the frequency range of 3 Hz to 10Hz is observed in the Fourier spectrum. The anomalous noise and the normal ground vibrations in the GEJE process are generalized by introducing \(\alpha\) -tremor, which is defined as the curvature of the Fourier amplitude spectrum of the velocity. It is found that the binarization of the vibration velocity conserves the $\alpha$-tremor, and the binarized velocity and velocity are equivalent. The binarization allows the recorded data to be directly compared with CA since CA is inherently binary, and since both the binarized velocity deviation and the CA are considered to follow the same master equation which represents the thermodynamics of a stochastically fluctuating non-equilibrium system. It is found that the recorded data in the GEJE process is a subset of the CA and the former can be reproduced by the latter. The scope of this research is limited to the specific earthquake GEJE and the data recorded at a specific seismic station. Further investigation is required for generalization.
Development of a co-designed behaviour change intervention aimed at healthcare professionals recruiting to clinical trial in maternity care
Authors: Hanrahan Vivienne , Lawrie Louisa , Duncan Eilidh M , Biesty Linda , Gillies Katie 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
The evidence on what strategies can improve recruitment to clinical trials in maternity care is lacking. As trial recruiters, maternity healthcare professionals (HCP) perform behaviours (e.g. talking about trial with potential participants, distributing trial information) they may not ordinarily do outside of the trial. Most trial recruitment interventions do not provide any theoretical basis for the potential effect (on behaviour) or describe (if) stakeholders were involved during development. The study aim was to use behavioural theory in a co-design process to develop an intervention for HCPs tasked with approaching all eligible potential participants and inviting then to join a maternity trial, and to assess the acceptability and feasibility of such an intervention.
Methods
This study applied a step-wise sequential mixed-methods approach. Key stages were informed by the Theoretical Domains Framework and Behaviour Change Techniques (BCT) Taxonomy to map the accounts of maternity HCP, with regard to challenges to trial recruitment, to theoretically informed behaviour change strategies. Our recruitment intervention was co-designed during workshops with maternity HCPs and maternity service users. Acceptability and feasibility of our intervention was assessed using an online questionnaire based on the Theoretical Framework of Acceptability (TFA) and involved a range of trial stakeholders.
Results
Two co-design workshops, with a total of nine participants (n = 7 maternity HCPs, n = 2 maternity service users), discussed thirteen BCTs as potential solutions. Ten BCTs, broadly covering Consequences and Reframing, progressed to intervention development. Forty-five trial stakeholders (clinical midwives, research midwives/nurses, doctors, allied health professionals and trial team members) participated in the online TFA questionnaire. The intervention was perceived effective, coherent, and not burdensome to engage with. Core areas for future refinement included Anticipated opportunity and Self-efficacy.
Conclusion
We developed a behaviour change recruitment intervention which is based on the accounts of maternity HCP trial recruiters and developed in a co-design process. Overall the intervention was deemed acceptable. Future evaluation of the intervention will establish its effectiveness in enabling maternity HCPs to invite all eligible people to participate in a maternity care trial, and determine whether this translates into an increase in maternity trial recruitment rates.
SARS-CoV-2 and Seasonal Influenza: Similarity and Disparity
Authors: Dabaja-Younis Halima , Fuchs Eyal , Shorbaji Nadeem , Appel Tal , Carmon Noah , Shachor-Meyouhas Yael , Green Manfred S , Hussein Khetam 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: A discussion is ongoing regarding the severity of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) compared to seasonal influenza. In addition, early differentiation between COVID-19 and influenza viruses is essential in hospitalized patients. We try to assess differences in disease severity and clinical presentaion of the two diseases.Methods: The clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients hospitalized due to COVID-19, between June and August 2020 were compared with those of patients hospitalized due to influenza during the 2019-2020 influenza season. Results: A total of 136 influenza patients and 152 COVID-19 patients were included. Patients with influenza have more runny nose (p<0.001, OR 7.46), cough (p<0.001, OR 3.64), dyspnea (p=0.004, OR 2.0), myalgia (p=0.039; OR 2.0) or underlying disease (p=0.046, OR 1.67). Also, hypoxemia on admission (p<0.001, OR 4.42), smoking (p<0.001, OR 4.63) or elevated liver enzymes (p=0.028, OR 8.33). However, patients with COVID-19 were overweight (p<0.001, OR 3.111), have lymphopenia <1,500 (p<0.001, OR 54.69), CRP > 5mg/dL (p=0.011, OR 1.88), or radiographic abnormalities (p<0.001, OR 2.757). Although patients with influenza have a severe disease (NEWS > 6) on admission (p<0.001, OR 3.17), length of hospital stay, need for ventilatory support and 30-day mortality were similar in both groups (p=0.26, 0.47 and 0.50 respectively).Conclusions: Influenza patients admitted to the hospital were more severely ill at the time of admission than COVID -19, but in-hospital mortality and clinical outcomes are similar. In addition, the two diseases have different characteristics that allow them to be distinguished at the time of admission until laboratory identification.
Development of spirotetramat nanoparticles base on mesoporous silica: improving the uptake and translocation of spirotetramat in plants
Authors: Wang Zhichao , Xu Wangjin , Meng Zhiyuan , Fan Tianle , Yang Chunmei , Wang Jianjun , Chen xiaojun 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
As an ideal nano-carrier, mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) have the characteristics of high specific surface area, adjustable pore size and good biocompatibility, which are excellent carriers for improving the stability and sustained-release performance of pesticides and improving the utilization rate of pesticides In this study, three kinds of particle size MSNs (100 nm, 200 nm and 400 nm) were prepared by hydrothermal synthesis method, and then the spirotetramat (Stm) was loaded into MSNs with different particle sizes by solvent volatilization method to prepare Stm nanoparticles with different particle sizes (Stm@MSNs). The results of Stm@MSNs characterization showed that the three particle sizes of MSNs were 112.5, 200.1 and 439.4 nm, respectively. Besides, the pore sizes of the three MSNs were all in the range of 2 ~ 50 nm. And the FTIR spectra showed that the Stm was successfully loaded into the channel of MSNs. TGA analysis showed that Stm@MSNs-100, Stm@MSNs-200 and Stm@MSNs-400 had good thermal stability in the range of 200℃. The drug loads of Stm@MSNs-100, Stm@MSNs-200 and Stm@MSNs-400 to Stm were 38%, 21% and 53%. The release test showed that all of them showed the characteristics of slow release. After 3 days of application on cucumber plants, Stm was detected in both upper and lower leaves of cucumber. Compared with MSNs-200 and MSNs-400, the nanocarrier MSNs-100 were more easily absorbed by cucumber plants and could carry more Stm into cucumber plants. This study provided a theoretical basis for the development and application of nanocarriers and the improvement of pesticide utilization rate by discussing the effects of different particle size MSNs on the slow release and systemicity of pesticides.
When and how do national CO2 emissions peak? The role of crises and structural change
Authors: Bersalli Germán , Tröndle Tim , Lilliestam Johan 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
We empirically investigate the timing of CO2 emissions peaks in all major economies 1965-2019, and the effects of economic crises on the economic and structural drivers of emissions. We show that in all but two countries that have peaked emissions, the peak occurred just before or during a recession, by the combined effect of lower GDP growth and decreasing energy and/or carbon intensity during and after the crisis. In peak-and-decline countries, crises have typically magnified pre-existing improvements in structural change. Almost all peaking countries have returned to economic growth post-crisis, implying that absolute decoupling is possible, also over several decades, and that structural change – not lost economic activity – was the key driver of emission peaks. In non-peaking countries, the GDP growth was less affected, and structural change effects were weaker or rather increased emissions. Crises do not automatically trigger peaks but may strengthen ongoing decarbonisation trends through several mechanisms
A new hotspot of macro-litter in the Rutland Island, South Andaman, India: Menace from IORC
Authors: Shankar Venkatesan Shiva , Purti Neelam , Sivasankar Ramakirushnan , Kaviarasan Thanamegam , Satyakeerthy Thonduparambil Ravindaran , Jacob Sunil 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Thirteen sandy beaches of remote Rutland Island were divided into three zones to identify the litter pollution, their source, pathway of plastic transport, to determine the level of macro litter contamination, and its impact on coastal biota. The total area surveyed was 0.52 km2 (5,20,020.79 m2), and the total number of litter items enumerated was 3,17,565 belonging to twenty-seven distinct litter types. The beaches in Zone II and Zone III were clean and Zone I were very dirty. The maximum litter density (1.03 items/ m2) was observed in Photo Nallah 1 and Photo Nallah 2, whereas the lowest (0.09 items/ m2) was observed in Jahaji beach. The primary contributor of litter on Rutland’s beaches was plastics (60%-99%), presumed to originate from the Indian Ocean Rim Countries (IORC). A collective solid waste management initiative by the IORC is essential in preventing littering on remote islands.
From Design to Action: Participatory Approach to Capacity Building for Local Overdose Response
Authors: Mallakin Maryam , Dery Christina , Woldemariam Yordanos , Hamilton Michael , Corace Kim , Pauly Bernie , Khorasheh Triti , AbuAyyash Caroline Bennet , Leece Pamela , Sellen Katherine 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
In response to the rise in opioid-related deaths, communities across Ontario have developed opioid or overdose response plans to address issues at the local level. Public Health Ontario (PHO) leads the Community Opioid / Overdose Capacity Building (COM-CAP) project, which aims to reduce overdose-related harms at the community level by working with communities to identify, develop, and evaluate capacity building supports for local needs around overdose planning. The ‘From Design to Action’ co-design workshop used a participatory design approach to engage communities in the requirements for capacity building support.
Methods
A participatory approach (co-design) provided opportunity for collaborative discussion around capacity building needs at the community level. The co-design workshop included three structured collaborative activities (i.e., identifying details of priority challenges, support delivery mechanisms, and evaluation planning), and was conducted with fifty-two participants involved in opioid/overdose-related plans in Ontario. Participatory materials were informed by the results of a situational assessment (SA) data gathering process, including survey, interview, and focus group data. A voting system, including dot stickers and discussion notes, was applied to identify priority supports and delivery mechanisms.
Results
The workshop resulted in identifying key challenges and priority supports to consider for development and implementation. Key findings were summarized into five major priorities, including: 1) stigma & equity; 2) trust-based relationships, consensus building & on-going communication; 3) knowledge development & on-going access to information and data; 4) tailored strategies and plan adaptation to changing structures and local context; and 5) structural enablers and responsive governance.
Conclusion
Using a participatory approach, the workshop provided an opportunity for sharing, generating, and mobilizing the required knowledge to address research-practice gaps at the community level. The application of health design methods such as the ‘From Design to Action’ co-design workshop allows for teams to gain a deeper understanding of issues as well as enhances the foundation and application of participatory approaches in addressing complex public health issues such as the overdose crisis.
Degradation of dibutyl phthalate by ozonation in the ultrasonic cavitation-rotational flow interaction coupled-field: Performance and mechanism
Authors: Zhang Huan , Wang Bing , Tang Pan , Lu Yuting , Gao Chunyang 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Dibutyl phthalate (DBP) is present in hydraulic fracturing flowback and produced water. Degradation of DBP in aqueous by means of ozonation in ultrasonic cavitation- rotational flow interaction coupled-field (UC-RF coupled-field) was studied. The effect of ozone dosage, ozone intake flow, operating temperature, initial pH, DBP initial concentration, liquid flow rate, and ultrasonic power on the DBP removal was investigated. The results indicated that the DBP degradation rate was strongly influenced by the liquid flow rate and the ultrasonic power over the range investigated. HCO 3 - and Cl - revealed an inhibitory effect on the DBP removal. SO 4 2- seems to have no effect on DBP removal. The ozone utilization efficiency in UC-RF coupled-field was 2.77 and 1.13 times higher than those of the conventional microporous aeration (CMA) and rotating-flow microbubble aeration (RFMA), respectively. The DBP degradation rate was diminished in the presence of tert-butyl alcohol (TBA) . Cavitation bubbles are consider as innumerable micro reactor s. Degradation of DBP by direct ozonation, hydroxyl radical ( · OH) oxidation, high pressure and high temperature pyrolysis . Finally, a possible degradation pathway of DBP is obtained on basis of the main reaction intermediates.
Social capital, social intelligence, and their relationship among ICU and CCU nurses
Authors: Akbarian Hamed , Mazraehshadi Mir Mojtaba Hosseini 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
The social capital of nurses is one of the main factors which affect the performance of nurses and the quality of care. Assessing the relationship between social capital and its related factors is one of the necessary works that should be done so that later, actions can be taken to increase social capital. Social intelligence is one of the factors that can increase nurses' social capital.
Aim
To investigate the relationship between social capital and social intelligence among ICU and CCU nurses.
Methods
A researcher-made social capital questionnaire and the Tromsø social intelligence scale (TSIS) were distributed to ICU and CCU nurses (n = 170), and the correlation between social capital and social intelligence was calculated.
Results
The results reveal that the level of social capital and its dimensions as well as the social intelligence and its dimensions were more than average among the respondents of the study. The research demonstrated that social awareness, social information processing, and total social intelligence had significant and positive relationships with social capital and its dimensions. On the other hand, the social skills dimension was not significantly correlated with any of the dimensions of social capital (p > 0.05). In addition, there were significant and positive correlations between two socio-demographic variables of age and years of work experience and all of the social capital dimensions except capital between nurses and companions of patients (p < 0.05). Contrarily, there were not any significant correlations between gender and social capital dimensions, nor between educational degree and social capital dimensions.
Conclusion
As the social capital of nurses goes up, the quality of nursing care improves. So, managers must take wise strategies to increase social capital. One of the measures that they can do is to increase social intelligence by taking wise strategies.
Analysis of the interrelationships of stakeholders involved in the management of transhumance in southern Benin
Authors: Azalou Maximilien , Assani Alassan S. , Worogo Hilaire S. S. , Idrissou Yaya , Azando Erick B. V. , Constantin Pascal , Alkoiret Ibrahim T. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The management of pastoral mobility is a stakeholder-centered approach for the integration of resource conservation and agricultural development. This management of space and its resources is the responsibility of a group of actors who are responsible for resolving conflicts of interest. This study aimed at analyzing the influence of transhumance stakeholders in the municipality of Djidja in southern Benin thanks to semi-structured interviews, which were conducted with 300 transhumance actors. The Likert scale (1 to 5) was used to assess the levels of influence and focus groups were conducted. The results obtained showed that several stakeholders were involved in transhumance with diverse interests, backgrounds, knowledge and power (p < 0.05). The majority of farmers (72%) blame transhumant herders whose practices are source of multiple conflicts. The analysis indicated a strong influence with highly significant differences (p < 0.001) in the management of transhumance by four stakeholders including the communal transhumance committee, the association of herders, the Garso (Scout and intermediary for transhumant herders) and the transhumant herder. This research demonstrates how the systematic analysis of the activities carried out by the actors, the interconnected activities between them and their relationships can offer insights for a better coordination of transhumance. For management to become reality, it is important building partnership between the various stakeholders linked by transhumance in southern Benin.