bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Sorbitol Addition in Bioplastic from Cellulose Acetate (Sugarcane Bagasse)-Chitosan
Authors: Azizati Zidni , Afidin Iseh Muhammad Zaenal , Hasnowo Lutfi Aditya 
Published: July 2022

This study aimed to determine the effect of sorbitol addition into cellulose acetate-chitosan bioplastic and its biodegradation properties. Cellulose was isolated from the pulp of sugarcane bagasse and acetylated to be cellulose acetate. Cellulose acetate was characterized by FTIR, the results of FTIR characterization contained C=O and C-O functional groups with wavenumbers of 1644.99 cm-1 and 1059.86 cm-1 which indicated the formation of cellulose acetate. Cellulose acetate-chitosan bioplastic and cellulose acetate-chitosan-sorbitol bioplastic has been successfully synthesized and characterized. The results of FTIR characterization showed that bioplastics had C=O and C-O functional groups at wavenumbers of 1644.99 cm-1, 1059.86 cm-1 which was indicated as cellulose acetate and N-H functional group at wavenumber of 1559.66 cm-1 which was indicated as the presence of chitosan in bioplastics and there is an increase in absorption intensity of the O-H functional group which indicates that sorbitol has been successfully added to bioplastics. The addition of sorbitol could improve the percent of elongation from 14.0635% to 19.9379% and decrease the tensile strength from 6.3049 MPa to 0.6309 MPa. It also could increase water absorption from 16.68% to 88.73%, and could accelerate the bioplastic degradation process from 24 days to 8 days.
Sustainability of Boro rice cultivation in the canal irrigated command area of India
Authors: Pradhan Sucharita , Dhar Anirban , Tiwari Kamlesh Narayan 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
A comprehensive assessment and monitoring of rice intensification in canal irrigated command areas and its consequences on groundwater dynamics have enormous importance for the water–food–energy nexus. This study analyzed the spatiotemporal transition of Boro rice cultivation, canal irrigation practices during the cultivation season, and its effect on groundwater of a pioneering multipurpose water resource project in India. The rice maps from 1989 to 2018 were generated from Landsat and Sentinel-2A images using the Iterative Self-Organizing Data Analysis Technique Algorithm (ISODATA), the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), and the enhanced vegetation index (EVI) to understand the historical distribution of rice cultivation. The ISODATA clustering algorithm performed well compared to the NDVI and the EVI with medium-resolution satellite images. The impact of Boro rice cultivation on groundwater resources was investigated by considering GLDAS NOAH model-based crop evapotranspiration, rainfall, and canal water supply. The area under rice cultivation increased from 33 to 66% during 1989–2018 due to its higher stress tolerance ability and productivity. However, during the cultivation period, the canal water supply was limited to the upstream and middle section of the command area, irrigating only 19% of the rice-cultivated area on average. The unavailability of the canal water supply during the cultivation season has led to 31 m of groundwater level depletion, which, if unchecked, may lead to overexploitation of groundwater in the middle and lower sections of the command area. The results of this study can be used to identify vulnerable areas that require urgent attention and accurate implementation of any agricultural or hydrological policy.
Prediction of chlorine concentration of flows exiting pipe in cross junctions: experimental and numerical study
Authors: Mompremier Rojacques , Ramírez-Muñoz Jorge , Ghebremichael Kebreab , Nuñez Jersain Gómez , Fuentes Mariles Óscar Arturo , Guadarrama-Pérez Román 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis paper aims to develop and validate an analytical equation to predict the concentration of residual chlorine exiting a typical pipe junction. In order to investigate the trend of the incoming flow rates before leaving the junction, experiments with inflow rates (North and West) ranging from 0.18 to 2.17 L/s, Reynolds numbers ranging from 14,324 to 110,780, and free chlorine concentrations ranging from 0.5 to 1.80 mg/L were performed. The results showed that flows tend to bifurcate rather than mix completely, and the bifurcation and mixing depend mainly on the relative flow rates entering the cross junction. Based on the experimental results, a dimensionless concentration (R) was estimated, allowing for predicting chlorine at the East outlet. Then, a solute mass balance was also performed within the cross junction to predict chlorine concentration at the South outlet. Finally, an adjustment of the R-value was performed by using 3D computational fluid dynamics (CFD), and the analytical equations were also validated with simulations. The standard k–ε turbulence model with enhanced wall treatment for modeling turbulence and near-wall effects, respectively, were used. More mixing models will improve water quality simulations to ensure proper control of chlorine and possible contaminants in water distribution systems.
Insights Into Needs and Preferences for Mental Health Support on Social Media and Through Mobile Apps Among Black Male University Students: Exploratory Qualitative Study
Authors: Williams Kofoworola D A , Wijaya Clarisa , Stamatis Caitlin A , Abbott Gabriel , Lattie Emily G 
Published: July 2022

Background
Black college-aged men are less likely than their peers to use formal, therapeutic in-person services for mental health concerns. As the use of mobile technologies and social media platforms is steadily increasing, it is important to conduct work that examines the future utility of digital tools and technologies to improve access to and uptake of mental health services for Black men and Black men in college.

Objective
The aim of this study was to identify and understand college-attending Black men’s needs and preferences for using digital health technologies and social media for stress and mental health symptom management.

Methods
Interviews were conducted with Black male students (N=11) from 2 racially diverse universities in the Midwestern United States. Participants were asked questions related to their current mental health needs and interest in using social media platforms and mobile-based apps for their mental health concerns. A thematic analysis was conducted.

Results
Four themes emerged from the data: current stress relief strategies, technology-based support needs and preferences (subthemes: mobile-based support and social media–based support), resource information dissemination considerations (subthemes: information-learning expectations and preferences and information-sharing preferences and behaviors), and technology-based mental health support design considerations (subtheme: relatability and representation). Participants were interested in using social media and digital technologies for their mental health concerns and needs, for example, phone notifications and visual-based mental health advertisements that promote awareness. Relatability in the context of representation was emphasized as a key factor for participants interested in using digital mental health tools. Examples of methods for increasing relatability included having tools disseminated by minority-serving organizations and including components explicitly portraying Black men engaging in mental health support strategies. The men also discussed wanting to receive recommendations for stress relief that have been proven successful, particularly for Black men.

Conclusions
The findings from this study provide insights into design and dissemination considerations for future work geared toward developing mental health messaging and digital interventions for young Black men.
A plain language summary of the likelihood of symptom relief for patients taking fesoterodine for overactive bladder
Authors: Wagg Adrian S , Herschorn Sender , Carlsson Martin , Fernet Mireille , Oelke Matthias 
Published: July 2022

What is this summary about?

This is a summary of a study originally published in
Neurourology and Urodynamics
. Overactive bladder is a medical condition that causes an urgent need to urinate, which can cause accidental urination. Fesoterodine is a medication used to treat overactive bladder. Because we don't know how likely it is that an individual patient will achieve a level of improvement in their overactive bladder symptoms, researchers analyzed results of 6 studies of patients with overactive bladder who were treated with fesoterodine.

What were the results?
Although complete resolution of all symptoms was rare with fesoterodine treatment, a resolution of accidental urination was more common, which is the most important treatment goal for many patients. After taking fesoterodine, episodes of accidental urination were more likely to be reduced or completely absent than episodes of an urgent need to urinate.

What do the results of the study mean?
These results can help patients with overactive bladder understand their own chances of treatment success with fesoterodine and can help doctors support their patients on what to expect regarding their specific symptoms and concerns.

▪
Toviaz (fesoterodine) is approved to treat the condition that is discussed in this summary. Approval varies from country to country; please check with your local health provider for more details.

▪
This summary reports the combined results of 6 studies. The results of individual studies may vary from the combined study results presented here. Individuals should make treatment decisions based on all available evidence.

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT number:
NCT01302054
,
NCT01302067
,
NCT00444925
,
NCT00611026
,
NCT00220363
, and
NCT00138723
Estudio comparativo de las competencias cognoscitivas de estudiantes de la licenciatura en química
Authors: Martinez Alonzo Judith Marcela 
Published: July 2022

<p>La presente investigación que se desarrolló en la Universidad Autónoma de Santo Domingo (UASD), Recinto San Francisco de Macorís, tuvo como propósito principal realizar un estudio comparativo de las competencias cognoscitivas de estudiantes de la Licenciatura en Biología y Química, específicamente en los Semestres 2020-10 y 2020-20, de las asignaturas Química Básica y General, respectivamente. Para ello se hizo un análisis estadístico con el programa SPSS de las dimensiones: 1) Actitud en el proceso de enseñanza, 2) Manifestación de emociones, 3) Empatía y 4) Condiciones de aprendizajes. El diseño que se aplicó en función del paradigma cuantitativo no experimental y transversal, cuyo instrumento para la obtención de información fue el cuestionario y como técnica la encuesta. Se trata de un informe de investigación cuantitativa. Los resultados indican que los estudiantes fortalecieron sus competencias cognoscitivas y motivacionales producto de las prácticas de laboratorio. Como conclusiones, se percibió un aumento de los promedios entre el primero y tercer cuatrimestre.</p><div> </div>
Does Public Company Accounting Oversight Board Regulatory Enforcement Deter Low-Quality Audits?
Authors: Lamoreaux Phillip T. , Mowchan Michael , Zhang Wei 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT
Regulatory economics suggests that one benefit of public enforcement is the deterrence of improper conduct. Using a difference-in-differences (DiD) design, we investigate whether a deterrence effect follows the revelation of Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB) enforcement. We find that large audit firm offices improve audit quality following enforcement naming another office within their firm while small firm offices improve following enforcement of local small firm competitors, with these responses varying by enforcement type. To understand potential mechanisms for the geographic deterrence effect, we examine the first occurrence of a revoked PCAOB registration within a market and find that results are stronger if there is greater news coverage or if nonsanctioned firms are in closer proximity to the sanctioned auditor. Supplemental tests reveal that results are stronger when nonsanctioned auditor clients are similar to the sanctioned firm’s clientele. Our findings suggest a positive but varied deterrence effect following PCAOB enforcement.
JEL Classifications: G38; M42; M48.
Lifestyle Intervention Strategy to Treat Diabetes in Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Celli Alessandra , Barnouin Yoann , Jiang Bryan , Blevins Dean , Colleluori Georgia , Mediwala Sanjay , Armamento-Villareal Reina , Qualls Clifford , Villareal Dennis T. 
Published: July 2022

OBJECTIVELifestyle intervention is recommended as first-line treatment of diabetes at all ages; however, little is known about the efficacy of lifestyle intervention in older adults with diabetes. We aimed to determine whether lifestyle intervention would improve glycemic control and age-relevant outcomes in older adults with diabetes and comorbidities.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSA total of 100 older adults with diabetes were randomly assigned to 1-year intensive lifestyle intervention (ILI) (diet and exercise at a facility transitioned into community-fitness centers and homes) or healthy lifestyle (HL) group. The primary outcome was change in HbA1c. Secondary outcomes included glucoregulation, body composition, physical function, and quality of life. Changes between groups were analyzed with mixed-model repeated-measures ANCOVA following the intention-to-treat principle.RESULTSHbA1c improved more in the ILI than the HL group (mean ± SE −0.8 ± 0.1 vs. 0.1 ± 0.1%), associated with improved insulin sensitivity (1.2 ± 0.2 vs. −0.4 ± 0.2) and disposition (26.0 ± 8.9 vs. −13.0 ± 8.4 109 min−1) indices (between-group P &lt; 0.001 to 0.04). Body weight and visceral fat decreased more in the ILI than HL group (−8.4 ± 0.6 vs. −0.3 ± 0.6 kg, P &lt; 0.001, and −261 ± 29 vs. −30 ± 27 cm3, P &lt; 0.001, respectively). Physical Performance Test score increased more in the ILI than HL group (2.9 ± 0.6 vs. −0.1 ± 0.4, P &lt; 0.001) as did VO2peak (2.2 ± 0.3 vs. −1.2 ± 0.2 mL/kg/min, P &lt; 0.001). Strength, gait, and 36-Item Short Form Survey (SF-36) Physical Component Summary score also improved more in the ILI group (all P &lt; 0.001). Total insulin dose decreased in the ILI group by 19.8 ± 4.4 units/day. Adverse events included increased episodes of mild hypoglycemia in the ILI group.CONCLUSIONSA lifestyle intervention strategy is highly successful in improving metabolic and functional health of older adults with diabetes.
Relation of Incident Type 1 Diabetes to Recent COVID-19 Infection: Cohort Study Using e-Health Record Linkage in Scotland
Authors: McKeigue Paul M. , McGurnaghan Stuart , Blackbourn Luke , Bath Louise E. , McAllister David A. , Caparrotta Thomas M. , Wild Sarah H. , Wood Simon N. , Stockton Diane , Colhoun Helen M. 
Published: July 2022

OBJECTIVE
Studies using claims databases reported that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection &gt;30 days earlier was associated with an increase in the incidence of type 1 diabetes. Using exact dates of diabetes diagnosis from the national register in Scotland linked to virology laboratory data, we sought to replicate this finding.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
A cohort of 1,849,411 individuals aged &lt;35 years without diabetes, including all those in Scotland who subsequently tested positive for SARS-CoV-2, was followed from 1 March 2020 to 22 November 2021. Incident type 1 diabetes was ascertained from the national registry. Using Cox regression, we tested the association of time-updated infection with incident diabetes. Trends in incidence of type 1 diabetes in the population from 2015 through 2021 were also estimated in a generalized additive model.

RESULTS
There were 365,080 individuals who had at least one detected SARS-CoV-2 infection during follow-up and 1,074 who developed type 1 diabetes. The rate ratio for incident type 1 diabetes associated with first positive test for SARS-CoV-2 (reference category: no previous infection) was 0.86 (95% CI 0.62, 1.21) for infection &gt;30 days earlier and 2.62 (95% CI 1.81, 3.78) for infection in the previous 30 days. However, negative and positive SARS-CoV-2 tests were more frequent in the days surrounding diabetes presentation. In those aged 0–14 years, incidence of type 1 diabetes during 2020–2021 was 20% higher than the 7-year average.

CONCLUSIONS
Type 1 diabetes incidence in children increased during the pandemic. However, the cohort analysis suggests that SARS-CoV-2 infection itself was not the cause of this increase.
Comparing IADPSG and NICE Diagnostic Criteria for GDM in Predicting Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes
Authors: He Yuanying , Ching Wan Ma Ronald , McIntyre H. David , Sacks David A. , Lowe Julia , Catalano Patrick M. , Tam Wing Hung 
Published: July 2022

OBJECTIVE
To compare the performance of diagnostic criteria for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) proposed by the International Association of the Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups (IADPSG) with those endorsed by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) in predicting adverse pregnancy outcomes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
We performed a secondary data analysis of the Hyperglycemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes (HAPO) study participants in five study centers. Logistic regression analyses were performed, and Akaike information criterion were applied for the comparison of different statistical prediction models. We further analyzed the performance by four racial/ethnic subgroups, namely, Whites, Hispanics, Asians, and Blacks.

RESULTS
Among all, IADPSG criteria diagnosed 267 (4.1%) more women with GDM, but predicted primary caesarean section (CS) and large for gestational age (LGA) and neonatal adiposity better than did NICE criteria after adjustment for potential confounders. Among Whites, IADPSG criteria diagnosed 65 (2.5%) more subjects with GDM and predicted LGA and neonatal adiposity better, but predicted hypertensive disorders, primary CS and clinical neonatal hypoglycemia worse. Among Hispanics, the IADPSG criteria diagnosed 203 (12.1%) more with GDM but performed better in predicting hypertensive disorders, LGA, neonatal adiposity, and hyperinsulinemia. Among Asians, the IADPSG criteria diagnosed 34 (2.0%) fewer subjects with GDM but predicted hypertensive disorders better in the unadjusted model. In Blacks, IADPSG criteria diagnosed 34 (10.5%) more women with GDM.

CONCLUSIONS
IADPSG criteria appear to be more favorable than NICE for identification of adverse pregnancy outcomes among Hispanic and Asian women, while they are comparable to NICE among White women.
Physical Function in Middle-aged and Older Adults with Type 1 Diabetes: Long-term Follow-up of the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial/Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications Study
Authors: Martin Catherine L. , Trapani Victoria R. , Backlund Jye-Yu C. , Lee Pearl , Braffett Barbara H. , Bebu Ionut , Lachin John M. , Jacobson Alan M. , Gubitosi-Klug Rose , Herman William H. , Group the DCCT/EDIC Research 
Published: July 2022

<p> </p>
<p><u><strong>Objective</strong></u><strong>:</strong> To describe the prevalence and clinical correlates of functional limitations in middle-aged and older adults with long-standing type 1 diabetes.</p>
<p><u><strong>Research Design and Methods</strong></u><strong>:</strong> <strong>Functional limitations were assessed for 1,094 participants in </strong>the Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications (EDIC) study, a multi-center, longitudinal, observational follow-up of participants with type 1 diabetes randomly assigned to intensive or conventional diabetes therapy during the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT). The primary outcome measure was a score <10 on the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB). The secondary outcome, self-reported functional limitation, was assessed by written questionnaire. Logistic regression models assessed associations of both outcomes with demographic and clinical factors (glycemic and non-glycemic factors, micro- and macrovascular complications, DCCT cohort and treatment assignment)<strong>. </strong></p>
<p><u><strong>Results</strong></u><strong>:</strong> Fifty-three percent of participants were male. The mean age was 59.5±6.8 years and mean diabetes duration was 37.9±4.9 years. The prevalence of SPPB score <10 was 21%. The prevalence of self-reported functional limitations was 48%. While DCCT treatment assignment was not associated with physical function outcomes measured ~25 years after the end of the DCCT the time-weighted DCCT/EDIC mean HbA1c was associated with both outcomes. Other clinical factors associated with both outcomes in multivariable analyses were BMI, general psychological distress, and cardiac autonomic neuropathy. </p>
<p><u><strong>Conclusions</strong></u><strong>:</strong> Almost half of the middle-aged and older adults with long-standing type 1 diabetes reported functional limitations, which were associated with higher HbA1c and BMI, general psychological distress, and cardiac autonomic neuropathy. Future research is needed to determine if these findings are generalizable.</p>
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR SISWA KELAS X MIA 4 SMA NEGERI 1 PADANG BOLAK PADA MATA PELAJARAN SENI BUDAYA MATERI SENI TARI DI MASA PANDEMI COVID 19 MELALUI METODE DRILL
Authors: Pintauli Nurita - 
Published: July 2022

Abstract- Students' motivation to learn becomes a part in improving learning outcomes, which is also the aim of this research. Through the Drill method, research is carried out using a Class Action Approach. In its delivery, the zoom application is used as a virtual learning room for teaching and learning activities for class X MIA4 students at SMA Negeri 1 P. Bolak. Based on the research, the results of learning using the Drill method in Class X MIA4 SMAN 1 Padang Bolak can increase learning motivation in the art of dance material is quite good and satisfying. This can be seen from the data in the pre-cycle. The data obtained showed that there were only 12 students (38.71%) who achieved a predetermined minimum score of learning motivation, with an average score of 70.32. In the first cycle, there was an increase in the learning motivation of students of class X MIA 4. There were 26 students (83.87%) of class X MIA 4 who achieved the KKM criteria, with an average score of 80.90. While in the second cycle there were 30 students (96.77%) who reached the KKM, with an average score of 87.27. Keywords: Drill Method, Learning Motivation, Cultural Arts, Covid 19 Abstrak – Motivasi belajar siswa menjadi bagian dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar, yang sejaligus menjadi tujuan alam penelitian ini. Melalui metode Drill penelitian dilakukan denghan menggunakan Pendekatan Tindakan Kelas. Dalam penyampaiannya digunakan aplikasi zoom sebagai ruang belajar virtual pada kegiatan belajar mengajar pada siswa kelas X MIA4 SMA Negeri 1 P. Bolak. Berdasarkan peneletian, didapat hasil pembelajaran dengan menggunakan metode Drill di Kelas X MIA4 SMAN 1 Padang Bolak dapat meningkatkan Motivasi Belajar pada materi Seni Tari cukup baik dan memuaskan. Hal tersebut dapat diketahui dari data pada prasiklus. Data yang didapatkan menunjukan terdapat hanya 12 siswa (38,71%) yang mencapai skor minimal motivasi belajar yang telah ditentukan, dengan skor rata-rata mencapai 70,32. Pada siklus I, terjadi peningkatan pada Motivasi Belajar siswa kelas X MIA 4. Terdapat 26 siswa (83,87%) kelas X MIA 4 yang mencapai criteria KKM, dengan skor rata-rata mencapai 80,90. Sedangkan pada siklus II terdapat 30 siswa (96,77%) yang mencapai KKM, dengan skor rata-rata mencapai 87,27. Kata Kunci: Metode Drill , Motivasi Belajar, Seni Budaya, Covid 19