bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Last-mile logistics of perishable products: a review of effectiveness and efficiency measures used in empirical research
Authors: Lagin Madelen , Håkansson Johan , Nordström Carin , Nyberg Roger G. , Öberg Christina 
Published: August 2022

PurposeCurrent online business development redistributes last-mile logistics (LML) from consumer to retailer and producer. This paper identifies how empirical LML research has used and defined logistic performance measures for key grocery industry actors. Using a multi-actor perspective on logistic performance, the authors discuss coordination issues important for optimising LML at system level.Design/methodology/approachA semi-systematic literature review of 85 publications was conducted to analyse performance measurements used for effectiveness and efficiency, and for which actors.FindingsFew empirical LML studies exist examining coordination between key actors or on system level. Most studies focus on logistic performance measurements for retailers and/or consumers, not producers. Key goals and resource utilisations lack research, including all key actors and system-level coordination.Research limitations/implicationsCurrent LML performance research implies a risk for sub-optimisation. Through expanding on efficiency and effectiveness interplay at system level and introducing new research perspectives, the review highlights the need to revaluate single-actor, single-measurement studies.Practical implicationsNo established scientific guidelines exist for solving LML optimisation in the grocery industry. For managers, it is important to thoroughly consider efficiency and effectiveness in LML execution, coordination and collaboration among key actors, avoiding sub-optimisations for business and sustainability.Originality/valueThe study contributes to current knowledge by reviewing empirical research on LML performance in the grocery sector, showing how previous research disregards the importance of multiple actors and coordination of actors, efficiency and effectiveness.
Startup accelerator analysis: strategic decision on effort exertion and information disclosure regime
Authors: Charoontham Kittiphod , Amornpetchkul Thunyarat 
Published: August 2022

Purpose
This study aims to investigate a startup accelerator’s decisions toward exerting effort in an information acquisition process and selecting an information disclosure strategy. In particular, the authors are interested in examining which factors may cause the accelerator to report more or less accurate information, which will subsequently affect the investment decision and the outcome of the ventures. This study examines the impact of the equity share taken by the accelerator on the effort level being exerted in the information acquisition process, as well as the accelerator’s decision on the information disclosure regime.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors use mathematical models built upon well-established theoretical and practical concepts to analyze the research problems and derive the findings.

Findings
The authors show that when the accelerator takes a sufficiently large equity share from the entrepreneur in exchange for admitting the entrepreneur’s venture into the acceleration program, the accelerator is motivated to exert a significant level of effort to observe an accurate signal for the quality of the venture, and then disclose the information about the venture’s quality consistently with the observed signal (informative disclosure regime). On the other hand, if the accelerator takes a small equity share, it is optimal for her to exert no effort in the information acquisition process and simply adopt the basic disclosure regime, where the accelerator reports the quality of the venture based solely on the ex ante expected payoff of the venture, regardless of the observed signal.

Practical implications
The results indicate that an equity sharing scheme, which awards a sufficient amount of equity to the accelerator, can be an effective tool to help obtain accurate information about the quality of a startup venture and make a well-informed investment decision.

Originality/value
This research illustrates that the ownership stake of the accelerator can potentially indicate the accuracy of the information about the venture provided by the accelerator to outside investors. That is, when the stake held by the accelerator is large, the investors can conjecture that the information about the venture reported by the accelerator may be highly accurate and reliable. In contrast, if the accelerator holds a small stake, then it is likely that the information provided by the accelerator may not add any value to the publicly available information. These insights can guide investors (e.g. angle investors, venture capitalists, etc.) in making well-informed startup investment decisions.
Single‐stranded RNA adjuvant enhances the efficacy of 10‐valent human papilloma virus‐like particle vaccine
Authors: Kwak Hye Won , Shin Wooseok , Baik Kyunghwa , Kim Minsun , Park YongWook , Hong So‐Hee , Park Hyo‐Jung , Park Hyeong‐Jun , Bang Yoo‐Jin , Kim Jae‐Yong , Lee Yu‐Sun , Kim In‐Beom , Kim Hong‐Lim , Kim Hun , Nam Jae‐Hwan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractFollowing the development of various types of vaccines, the use of adjuvants to boost vaccine efficacy has become a focus of research. Aluminum hydroxide (alum), the most commonly used adjuvant, induces a certain immune response and ensures safety in human trials. However, alum mainly induces only a Th2 response; its Th1 response is weak. Thus, we previously developed a single‐stranded ribose nucleic acid (ssRNA) adjuvant that induces a Th1 response through toll‐like receptors. Here, we explored whether 10‐valent human papilloma virus (HPV)‐like particle (VLP) vaccine formulated with ssRNA adjuvant and alum helped to enhance immune response and maintained memory response. The mice were immunized intramuscularly twice at 2 week intervals and were inoculated 4 days after the second boost (after about 1 year). The antibody response and T cell activation were measured by Elispot, ELISA using harvested serum and splenocytes. The 10‐valent HPV VLP vaccine formulated with ssRNA adjuvant and alum increased the antigen‐specific immune response more than alum used alone. It increased each type‐specific IgG1/IgG2a titer, and antigen‐specific IFN‐γ cells. Furthermore, the ssRNA adjuvant with alum induced memory response. In memory response, each type‐specific IgG1/IgG2c, IFN‐γ, and IL‐6 cytokine, and neutralizing antibodies were increased by the ssRNA adjuvant with alum. Overall, the ssRNA adjuvant with alum induced memory responses and balanced Th1/Th2 responses. The ssRNA adjuvant and alum may help to enhance prophylactic vaccine efficacy.
British McCarthyism: The Anti‐Communist Politics of Lord Vansittart and Sir Waldron Smithers
Authors: GERTH MATTHEW 
Published: August 2022

AbstractContemporaneously to the American McCarthyite response towards communism during the early cold war there existed a similar reaction in the United Kingdom. Like its counterpart in the United States, British McCarthyism not only attacked internal ‘reds’ but also non‐communist elements within the nation's borders. The phenomenon denounced and accused governmental and societal institutions and individuals for tolerating and even abetting the communist conspiracy then supposedly threatening the survival of the realm. Led by former Foreign Office mandarin Robert Vansittart and championed by the Conservative member of parliament Waldron Smithers, this British McCarthyism targeted the Church of England, the BCC and most notably the governing Labour party. The article explores how this politicised form of British anti‐communism functioned and transpired.
Hospitalizations reduce health care utilization of household members
Authors: Bergquist Savannah , de Vaan Mathijs 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo examine whether the financial burden of hospitalizations affects the health care utilization of household members of the admitted patient.Data SourcesWe utilized health care claims data from the Massachusetts All‐Payer Claims Database, 2010–2015, to identify emergency hospitalizations of patients on family insurance plans and the health care utilization of the family members on those plans.Study DesignWe used an event‐study analysis to compare health care spending and utilization of family members of a hospitalized individual and family members of an individual who was hospitalized 1 year later. We examine whether such hospitalizations were associated with changes in medical spending, the frequency of ambulatory office visits, other ambulatory care, and preventive care.Data Collection/Extraction MethodsThe analyses include household members of patients with an emergency admission and a length of stay between 5 and 90 days.Principal FindingsUnexpected hospital admissions reduced household members' health care spending and utilization by more than 6.4% (95% confidence interval [CI]: −8.2%, −4.5%) on average in the year following the hospitalization. Household members had fewer ambulatory visits with primary care physicians (PCPs), fewer referrals to specialists, and reduced utilization of other ambulatory care, including high‐value preventive services. These changes were observed for both children and adults and were exacerbated if members of the household had previously been on Medicaid. The reduction in utilization was less pronounced when the admitted patient and household member shared the same PCP and when their health insurance plan had a family deductible.ConclusionsCompared with families without a hospitalized family member, family members of hospitalized individuals reduced their medical spending and utilization, including a substantial reduction in the use of preventive care. This study highlights the challenges of providing continuity in care when families face financial hardship.
Division of the intersegmental demarcation using the “modified hand‐tearing method” is safe and feasible in thoracoscopic anatomical segmentectomy
Authors: Feng Zhen , Hu Benchuang , Yu Shuliang , Guo Chenran , Peng Zhongmin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe accurate and safe division of the intersegmental demarcation (ISD) is critical and challenging during thoracoscopic anatomical segmentectomy. Here, we provide an improved technique which emphasizes the application of an electric hook and blunt division of ISD. The technique is termed as the “modified hand‐tearing method” (MHT method) with combined application of an electric hook and staplers.The study aimed to review the outcomes of patients who underwent thoracoscopic anatomical segmentectomy, with or without the MHT method in our institute and assess its feasibility and safety. In addition, we compared the feasibility between video‐assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) and robot‐assisted thoracoscopic surgery (RATS) using the MHT method.MethodsFrom 2018 July to 2021 June, we retrospectively analyzed 701 patients who underwent segmentectomy. Using propensity score matching, data of two well‐matched pairs of 276 cases in the MHT method and non‐MHT method groups, and two well‐matched pairs of 40 cases in the VATS and RATS subgroups were obtained. The clinical and perioperative characteristics of patients were compared between groups.ResultsCompared with the non‐MHT method group, the MHT method group had shorter operation time and shorter postoperative hospital stay. Period of chest tube drainage and postoperative total drainage and postoperative complications had no between‐group difference. Compared with VATS, the RATS subgroup had less intraoperative bleeding and shorter postoperative hospital stay.ConclusionDivision of ISD using the MHT method has advantages in precision and ease of operation, so it has the potential to become a feasible and effective method for thoracoscopic anatomical segmentectomy.
Evaluation of a pilot forensic dermatology curriculum in the USA
Authors: Jelousi Sami , Montejano Danielle , Jaradeh Katrin , Kivlahan Coleen , Shinkai Kanade , Chang Aileen Y. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Physician participation in asylum medicine through forensic medical evaluations increases the likelihood that asylum seekers are granted legal status. Based on a review of existing literature and input from content experts, we designed and implemented a forensic dermatology curriculum for dermatology residents at University of California, San Francisco. Our pilot curriculum led to improvements in learners' attitudes regarding physician participation in asylum medicine and their confidence in describing skin findings of torture or abuse.
Challenges in developing a quantitative method of measuring breast development using 3D imaging: An example of a novel method for use in induced breast development with exogenous oestrogen
Authors: Burt Elizabeth , Ruff Clifford , Yasmin Ephia , Davies Melanie , Cameron‐Pimblett Antoinette , Butler Gary , Conway Gerard 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectiveOptimal breast development is an essential part of exogenous oestrogen treatment in females undergoing pubertal induction. We set out to develop a novel technique using three‐dimensional (3D) imaging to determine change in breast volume that is applicable when no pre‐existing breast contours are present.DesignA prospective observational study.PatientsThe imaging methodology was developed using a single male subject to assess reproducibility and validity. The technique was then applied to 29 participants undergoing pubertal induction with exogenous oestradiol who were recruited from Paediatric Gynaecology and Reproductive Endocrinology clinics at University College London Hospital.MeasurementsBreast images were taken using a 3D photographic system. Two images, taken at different times, were manually superimposed to produce a differential breast volume. The initial step of method development set out to show that volume change was not secondary to positioning artefact or image manipulation. This was established by using images of a male participant taken on different occasions. The technique was then used to assess reproducibility in participants undergoing pubertal induction treatment.ResultsGood intraobserver reproducibility (intraclass correlation (ICC) 0.77) was demonstrated with static image manipulation. Validity of the imaging technique was established as there was no significant difference between the known reference volume produced by computer generated warping and that calculated by manual image manipulation. There was excellent intraobserver reproducibility for breast volume calculation in participants undergoing induced breast development (ICC 0.99).Conclusions3D imaging is a promising novel tool to provide quantitative breast volume assessment in individuals undergoing breast induction with exogenous oestradiol treatment.
Open‐source intelligence for conservation biology
Authors: Katzner Todd , Thomason Eve , Huhmann Karrin , Conkling Tara , Concepcion Camille , Slabe Vince , Poessel Sharon 
Published: August 2022

AbstractOpen‐source intelligence (OSINT) evolved in spy agencies but now is rapidly changing many fields of study, from anthropology to zoology. Despite the fact that OSINT occasionally is used in conservation biology, there is little recognition that some tools and frameworks used by conservation professionals are drawn from this well‐established field. In conservation biology, OSINT is sometimes used to evaluate wildlife crime, human–wildlife and human–environment interactions, animal behavior, and questions of distribution and abundance. Recognizing the conceptual foundations of the field would allow expansion of conservation biology, not only in the areas noted above, but also, for example, in study of habitat use, habitat change, and animal behavior. This recognition would also provide frameworks for conceptual advancement, especially in terms of data and privacy management. Failure to recognize the underpinnings of OSINT tools in conservation biology harms the field because it limits how research is framed, thought about, and implemented. Likewise, taking an OSINT perspective to conservation problems, rather than simply thinking in terms of big data, can enrich the field, expand science, and increase knowledge and understanding of biology and biodiversity.
Assessment of cardiac dimensions in children diagnosed with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Bakaya Kaushiki , Paracha Waleed , Schievano Silvia , Bozkurt Selim 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundHypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is an inherited autosomal dominant heart disease, characterized by increased left ventricular wall thickness and abnormal loading conditions. Imaging modalities are the first choice for diagnosis and risk stratification. Although heart dimensions have been characterized widely in HCM adults from cardiac imaging, there is limited information about children affected by HCM. The aim of this study is to evaluate left ventricular function and left heart dimensions in a small population of children diagnosed with HCM.MethodsA total of 16 (seven male, nine female) pediatric patients with an average age of 14.0 ± 2.5 years diagnosed with HCM at Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children were included in this study. Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) images were used to measure left and right ventricular dimensions, and septal and left ventricular free wall thicknesses in Simpleware ScanIP. The gender groups were compared using student t‐test or non‐parametric Mann‐Whitney U‐test depending on the sample distribution.ResultsDifferences in heart rate, left ventricular end‐diastolic volume and end‐diastolic volume index, left ventricular stroke volume and stroke volume index, left ventricular end‐systolic long axis length, left ventricular end‐systolic long axis length index, left ventricular end‐diastolic mid‐cavity diameter, left ventricular end‐diastolic free wall thickness, left ventricular end‐diastolic free wall thickness index, right ventricular end‐diastolic long axis length were statistically significant in males and females.ConclusionLeft ventricular wall and intraventricular septal thickness increase affecting left ventricle cavity dimensions and there may be differences in anatomical and physiological parameters in males and females affected by HCM.
A common temperature dependence of nutritional demands in ectotherms
Authors: Laspoumaderes Cecilia , Meunier Cedric L. , Magnin Amaru , Berlinghof Johanna , Elser James J. , Balseiro Esteban , Torres Gabriela , Modenutti Beatriz , Tremblay Nelly , Boersma Maarten 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn light of ongoing climate change, it is increasingly important to know how nutritional requirements of ectotherms are affected by changing temperatures. Here, we analyse the wide thermal response of phosphorus (P) requirements via elemental gross growth efficiencies of Carbon (C) and P, and the Threshold Elemental Ratios in different aquatic invertebrate ectotherms: the freshwater model species Daphnia magna, the marine copepod Acartia tonsa, the marine heterotrophic dinoflagellate Oxyrrhis marina, and larvae of two populations of the marine crab Carcinus maenas. We show that they all share a non‐linear cubic thermal response of nutrient requirements. Phosphorus requirements decrease from low to intermediate temperatures, increase at higher temperatures and decrease again when temperature is excessive. This common thermal response of nutrient requirements is of great importance if we aim to understand or even predict how ectotherm communities will react to global warming and nutrient‐driven eutrophication.
Attention to verbal morphology in L2 Arabic reading: An eye‐movement study
Authors: Nassif Lama , Huntley Elizabeth , Mohamed Ayman 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAttention is believed to help facilitate learning. Godfroid and Uggen found that attention to irregular verb morphology motivated the learning of novel second language (L2) German forms. The current study explored the generalizability of these findings to geminate and sound verbs in Arabic, a typologically different language with a novel writing system. Eleven fourth‐semester learners of Arabic participated in the experiment. Participants completed a language learning background survey, took a fill‐in‐the blank pretest, read 20 sentence pairs while an Eyelink 1000 recorded their eye movements, and answered true/false comprehension questions that appeared on‐screen following each sentence. A posttest, identical to the pretest, and a prior vocabulary knowledge scale task were then conducted. Learners' reflections were recorded in a subsequent recall task and a follow‐up semistructured interview. Descriptive analyses of the eye‐tracking metrics reveal generally equivalent reading times between verb types, although participants made more direct visual comparisons between geminate‐ than between sound‐verb conjugations. Participants did not report awareness of geminate verbs, but noticed other aspects of input, and, on average, improved their written productive knowledge by 2% after only one exposure. Pedagogical implications are discussed in terms of input enhancement in a communicative L2 classroom.
SO YOU WANT TO BE A HISTORIAN?
Authors: Dirks Nicholas B. 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACTIf the directed focus on “scholarly personae” recommended in How to Be a Historian: Scholarly Personae in Historical Studies, 1800–2000 is to be genuinely useful, we would need to attend far more systematically to historiographical differences, debates, and styles as rooted not only in the counterpoint between individuals and institutions but also in the larger contexts that govern how we identify what historical issues matter and the larger purposes and conditions of historical scholarship. We would need to identify more clearly not just how historical work is conducted but the ways prevailing debates over historical meaning and method have come to have specific names attached to them. The current crisis in the academic humanities puts all this in sharp relief, since the interest in scholarly personae also invites discussion about institutional conditions of historical work, from the existence of regular opportunities for careers and employment in the academic historical world to the vastly uneven distribution of institutional resources. What I argue for here is a kind of reflexive institutional historicism—the imperative, in other terms, to conduct historical work with a simultaneous concern for the present meanings and implications of the work itself and for the complexity of the interpretive questions raised by one's historical engagement with sources, questions, traditions, theories, and institutional conditions. Indeed, we need not focus on the theoretical aspects of history in order to appreciate the extent to which theory inflects, and is inflected by, the choices we make (and that are made for us) about everything from how to be a historian and who can be a historian to what kinds of historians we might be and, ultimately, what kind of history we write.