bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Examining the effect size and duration of retrieval-induced facilitation
Authors: Oliva Mercedes T. , Storm Benjamin C. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractUnder certain conditions, the retrieval of some information can increase the recall of other information, a phenomenon known as retrieval-induced facilitation. Chan (Journal of Memory and Language 61:153–170, 2009) proposed two moderating factors to account for why retrieval causes facilitation in some situations and forgetting in others: (1) integration at the time of encoding and (2) the delay between retrieval practice and final test. Chan found a 9–11% facilitation effect when the materials were well integrated and the final test occurred after a 24-h delay. Two sets of experiments sought to replicate and extend Chan’s study by examining retrieval-induced facilitation not only following a 24-h delay but after longer delays (i.e., 1 or 2 weeks). A meta-analysis including these replications and the original experiments was also conducted. The results provide additional evidence of retrieval-induced facilitation, with no evidence that the effect varies as a function of the final delay. However, the size of the effect was found to be somewhat smaller than previously observed.
Surrogate modelling for the forecast of Seveso-type atmospheric pollutant dispersion
Authors: Kocijan Juš , Hvala Nadja , Perne Matija , Mlakar Primož , Grašič Boštjan , Božnar Marija Zlata 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis paper presents a framework for the development of a computationally-efficient surrogate model for air pollution dispersion. Numerical simulation of air pollution dispersion is of fundamental importance for the mitigation of pollution in Seveso-type accidents, and, in extreme cases, for the design of evacuation scenarios for which long-range forecasting is necessary. Due to the high computational load, sophisticated simulation programs are not always useful for prompt computational studies and experimentation in real time. Surrogate models are data-driven models that mimic the behaviour of more accurate and more complex models in limited conditions. These models are computationally fast and enable efficient computer experimentation with them. We propose two methods. The first method develops a grid of independent dynamic models of the air pollution dispersion. The second method develops a reduced grid with interpolation of outputs. Both are demonstrated in an example of a realistic, controlled experiment with limited complexity based on an approximately 7 km radius around the thermal power plant in Šoštanj, Slovenia. The results show acceptable matching of behaviour between the surrogate and original model and noticeable improvement in the computational load. This makes the obtained surrogate models appropriate for further experimentation and confirms the feasibility of the proposed method.
A structural equation model in adults with type 1 and 2 diabetes: exploring the interplay of psychological states and diabetes outcomes, and the mediating effect of resilience
Authors: Pate Rosalind , Caswell Noreen , Gardner Kathryn Jane , Holyoak Lynda 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Aims
Type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus (T1DM and T2DM) can lead to emotional distress and cognitive impairments, often caused by psychological factors such as low mood or anxiety; yet, few studies have explored the theoretical mechanisms underlying these relationships and within one study. This study explored the relationships between psychological states (anxiety/worry, fatigue) and diabetes outcomes (diabetes distress, cognitive dysfunction), and whether resilience mediated the association between these in T1DM and T2DM.

Methods
A sample of 307 UK adults with a clinical diagnosis of diabetes (T1DM = 129; T2DM = 178) completed a cross-sectional online survey, composed of six questionnaires. Associations between variables were investigated using Pearson’s correlations and Structural Equation Modelling (SEM).

Results
Psychological states were significantly correlated with diabetes outcomes, and resilience was significantly related to both psychological states and diabetes outcomes. The SEM model achieved an acceptable model fit with a significant mediating effect of resilience between psychological states (anxiety/worry, fatigue) and diabetes outcomes (diabetes distress, cognitive dysfunction), with no significant differences between diabetes type.

Conclusions
We propose a new theoretical model of T1DM and T2DM that could be used to provide guidance for those designing interventions. These findings help to understand the complex nature of diabetes management, suggesting resilience could be a key factor in managing psychological states and diabetes outcomes.
Coupled Hydro-Mechanical Modeling of Swelling Processes in Clay–Sulfate Rocks
Authors: Taherdangkoo Reza , Nagel Thomas , Tang Anh Minh , Pereira Jean-Michel , Butscher Christoph 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSwelling of clay–sulfate rocks is a serious and devastating geo-hazard, often causing damage to geotechnical structures. Therefore, understanding underlying swelling processes is crucial for the safe design, construction, and maintenance of infrastructure. Planning appropriate countermeasures to the swelling problem requires a thorough understanding of the processes involved. We developed a coupled hydro-mechanical (HM) model to reproduce the observed heave in the historic city of Staufen in south-west Germany, which was caused by water inflow into the clay–sulfate bearing Triassic Grabfeld Formation (formerly Gipskeuper = “Gypsum Keuper”) after geothermal drilling. Richards’ equation coupled to a deformation process with linear kinematics was used to describe the hydro-mechanical behavior of clay–sulfate rocks. The mathematical model is implemented into the scientific open-source framework OpenGeoSys. We compared the model calculations with the measured long-term heave records at the study site. We then designed a sensitivity analysis to achieve a deeper insight into the swelling phenomena. The synthetic database obtained from the sensitivity analysis was used to develop a machine learning (ML) model, namely least-squares boosting ensemble (LSBoost) model coupled with a Bayesian optimization algorithm to rank the importance of parameters controlling the swelling. The HM model reproduced the heave observed at Staufen with sufficient accuracy, from a practical point of view. The ML model showed that the maximum swelling pressure is the most important parameter controlling the swelling. The other influential parameters rank as Young’s modulus, Poisson’s ratio, overburden thickness, and the initial volumetric water content of the swelling layer.
Multiple Lines of Rockfall Net Fences: A Design Proposal of the System
Authors: Marchelli Maddalena 
Published: August 2022

AbstractNet fences constitute a valuable and widely adopted solution for mitigating rockfall risk. Nevertheless, in complex morphological situation with several rocky cliffs, a single line cannot be effective, and a double line of net fences is thus often required. At present, the existing design procedure has been conceived for a single line, only. In the present work, a design procedure for double line of net fences is introduced, considering the double line as a system, in which the upslope line stops, or at least decelerates, the great majority of the blocks, while the downslope line stops the remaining part. As a system, the effects of actions and resistances should be evaluated as a whole. The integrative trajectory analyses are required to optimise the design in terms of necessary energy absorption capacity, height of the lines, and maintenance planning. This system is suitable for mitigating rockfall risk, especially in very complex situations.
Re-examination of nepovirus polyprotein cleavage sites highlights the diverse specificities and evolutionary relationships of nepovirus 3C-like proteases
Authors: Sanfaçon Hélène 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPlant-infecting viruses of the genus Nepovirus (subfamily Comovirinae, family Secoviridae, order Picornavirales) are bipartite positive-strand RNA viruses with each genomic RNA encoding a single large polyprotein. The RNA1-encoded 3C-like protease cleaves the RNA1 polyprotein at five sites and the RNA2 polyprotein at two or three sites, depending on the nepovirus. The specificity of nepovirus 3C-like proteases is notoriously diverse, making the prediction of cleavage sites difficult. In this study, the position of nepovirus cleavage sites was systematically re-evaluated using alignments of the RNA1 and RNA2 polyproteins, phylogenetic relationships of the proteases, and sequence logos to examine specific preferences for the P6 to P1’ positions of the cleavage sites. Based on these analyses, the positions of previously elusive cleavage sites, notably the 2a-MP cleavage sites of subgroup B nepoviruses, are now proposed. Distinct nepovirus protease clades were identified, each with different cleavage site specificities, mostly determined by the nature of the amino acid at the P1 and P1’ positions of the cleavage sites, as well as the P2 and P4 positions. The results will assist the prediction of cleavage sites for new nepoviruses and help refine the taxonomy of nepoviruses. An improved understanding of the specificity of nepovirus 3C-like proteases can also be used to investigate the cleavage of plant proteins by nepovirus proteases and to understand their adaptation to a broad range of hosts.
Clinical profiles and antimicrobial resistance patterns of invasive Salmonella infections in children in China
Authors: Song Wen , Shan Qingwen , Qiu Yue , Lin Xianyao , Zhu Chunhui , Zhuo Zhiqiang , Wang Caihong , Tong Jianning , Li Rui , Wan Chaomin , Zhu Yu , Chen Minxia , Xu Yi , Lin Daojiong , Wu Shouye , Jia Chunmei , Gao Huiling , Yang Junwen , Zhao Shiyong , Zeng Mei ,   Collaborative Working Group of the Pediatric Subgroup of the China Society of Infectious Diseases
Published: August 2022

AbstractInvasive Salmonella infections result in a significant burden of disease including morbidity, mortality, and financial cost in many countries. Besides typhoid fever, the clinical impact of non-typhoid Salmonella infections is increasingly recognized with the improvement of laboratory detection capacity and techniques. A retrospective multicenter study was conducted to analyze the clinical profiles and antimicrobial resistance patterns of invasive Salmonella infections in hospitalized children in China during 2016–2018. A total of 130 children with invasive Salmonella infections were included with the median age of 12 months (range: 1–144 months). Seventy-nine percent of cases occurred between May and October. Pneumonia was the most common comorbidity in 33 (25.4%) patients. Meningitis and septic arthritis caused by nontyphoidal Salmonella (NTS) infections occurred in 12 (9.2%) patients and 5 (3.8%) patients. Patients < 12 months (OR: 16.04) and with septic shock (OR: 23.4), vomit (OR: 13.33), convulsion (OR: 15.86), C-reactive protein (CRP) ≥ 40 g/L (OR: 5.56), and a higher level of procalcitonin (PCT) (OR: 1.05) on admission were statistically associated to an increased risk of developing meningitis. Compared to 114 patients with NTS infections, 16 patients with typhoid fever presented with higher levels of CRP and PCT (P < 0.05). The rates of resistance to ampicillin, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, ciprofloxacin, and ceftriaxone among Salmonella Typhi and NTS isolates were 50% vs 57.3%, 9.1% vs 24.8%, 0% vs 11.2%, and 0% vs 9.9%, respectively. NTS has been the major cause of invasive Salmonella infections in Chinese children and can result in severe diseases. Antimicrobial resistance among NTS was more common.
Over the hills and through the farms: Land use and topography influence genetic connectivity of northern leopard frog (Rana pipiens) in the Prairie Pothole Region
Authors: Waraniak Justin M. , Mushet David M. , Stockwell Craig A. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Context
Agricultural land-use conversion has fragmented prairie wetland habitats in the Prairie Pothole Region (PPR), an area with one of the most wetland dense regions in the world. This fragmentation can lead to negative consequences for wetland obligate organisms, heightening risk of local extinction and reducing evolutionary potential for populations to adapt to changing environments.

Objectives
This study models biotic connectivity of prairie-pothole wetlands using landscape genetic analyses of the northern leopard frog (Rana pipiens) to (1) identify population structure and (2) determine landscape factors driving genetic differentiation and possibly leading to population fragmentation.

Methods
Frogs from 22 sites in the James River and Lake Oahe river basins in North Dakota were genotyped using Best-RAD sequencing at 2868 bi-allelic single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Population structure was assessed using STRUCTURE, DAPC, and fineSTRUCTURE. Circuitscape was used to model resistance values for ten landscape variables that could affect habitat connectivity.

Results
STRUCTURE results suggested a panmictic population, but other more sensitive clustering methods identified six spatially organized clusters. Circuit theory-based landscape resistance analysis suggested land use, including cultivated crop agriculture, and topography were the primary influences on genetic differentiation.

Conclusion
While the R. pipiens populations appear to have high gene flow, we found a difference in the patterns of connectivity between the eastern portion of our study area which was dominated by cultivated crop agriculture, versus the western portion where topographic roughness played a greater role. This information can help identify amphibian dispersal corridors and prioritize lands for conservation or restoration.
Derivative of the expected supremum of fractional Brownian motion at $$H=1$$
Authors: Bisewski Krzysztof , Dȩbicki Krzysztof , Rolski Tomasz 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe H-derivative of the expected supremum of fractional Brownian motion $$\{B_H(t),t\in {\mathbb {R}}_+\}$$

{

B
H

(
t
)

,
t
∈

R
+

}

with drift $$a\in {\mathbb {R}}$$

a
∈
R

over time interval [0, T] $$\begin{aligned} \frac{\partial }{\partial H} {\mathbb {E}}\Big (\sup _{t\in [0,T]} B_H(t) - at\Big ) \end{aligned}$$

∂

∂
H

E

(

sup

t
∈
[
0
,
T
]

B
H

(
t
)

-
a
t

)

at $$H=1$$

H
=
1

is found. This formula depends on the quantity $${\mathscr {I}}$$
I
, which has a probabilistic form. The numerical value of $${\mathscr {I}}$$
I
is unknown; however, Monte Carlo experiments suggest $${\mathscr {I}}\approx 0.95$$

I
≈
0.95

. As a by-product we establish a weak limit theorem in C[0, 1] for the fractional Brownian bridge, as $$H\uparrow 1$$

H
↑
1

.
Graphic novel reading comprehension in Chinese children with developmental language disorder (DLD)
Authors: Wong Simpson W. L. , Li Wang-On , Cheung Anisa 
Published: August 2022

AbstractChildren with developmental language disorder (DLD) have consistently showed poor performances in reading comprehension. Extending from previous studies that presented pure-text, this study aims to test the performances of graphic novel reading. We tested 24 Chinese children who have been diagnosed as DLD and 24 typical readers matched with age and nonverbal IQ. These children were asked to complete a battery of tests assessing graphic novel reading comprehension and related visual-cognitive skills. The results of group comparison indicated that children with DLD performed similarly to the typical readers in graphic novel comprehension. Moreover, significant links between comic convention understanding and both passage and graphic novel reading were found in both groups. Our results imply the benefits of using graphic novel to facilitate reading to learn in children with DLD. (129 words).
Promoting students’ safety and wellbeing: ethical practice in schools
Authors: Graham Anne , Canosa Antonia , Boyle Tess , Moore Tim , Taylor Nicola , Anderson Donnah , Robinson Sally 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAlthough ‘child safety’ is now a national policy priority in Australia, there is little research exploring the practices in schools that contribute to children and young people’s felt sense of safety and wellbeing. Drawing on a mixed-method Australian Research Council (ARC) Discovery project, this article presents findings from interviews with school staff (N = 10), leaders (N = 5) and nine focus groups with students (N = 58), in primary and secondary schools in three Australian states (New South Wales, Victoria and South Australia). We employ relational ethics, recognition theory and the theory of practice architectures to explore practices at school that support student wellbeing and safety. The findings contribute significantly to understanding the ‘bundled’ nature of current practices and the conditions that enable and constrain these. Close attention to these findings is critical as schools seek to operationalise the National Child Safe Principles and refine ongoing safeguarding procedures. The findings have informed the development of an online survey that is currently testing, on a much larger scale, which elements of ethical practice are most positively associated with students’ safety, wellbeing and recognition at school.
Examination of Individual Differences in Susceptibility to Food Addiction using Alcohol and Addiction Research Domain Criteria (AARDoC): Recent Findings and Directions for the Future
Authors: Stojek Monika M. , Murphy Cara M. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Alcohol and Addiction Research Domain Criteria (AARDoC) is a transdiagnostic, circuits-based framework for studying addictive behaviors. We examined parallels in individual differences that might increase susceptibility to FA and other addictive disorders using the following units of analysis in AARDoC domains: craving, relative reinforcing value of food and attention bias in the incentive salience domain; decisional impulsivity (delay discounting) and inhibitory control (Go-No-Go, Conner’s Continuous Performance Test, and the flanker task) in the executive function domain; and emotion dysregulation and negative urgency in the negative emotionality domain.

Recent Findings
There are a number of parallels between FA and other addictions in the incentive salience and negative emotionality domains, but somewhat divergent findings in the executive function domain. Trauma appears to be an important environmental stressor in maintenance of FA.

Summary
AARDoC may be a useful organizing framework for studying addictions, including FA. Future studies should incorporate other units of analysis to better characterize FA.
A sensitivity analysis of a regression model of ocean temperature
Authors: Furner Rachel , Haynes Peter , Munday Dave , Paige Brooks , Jones Daniel C. , Shuckburgh Emily 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThere has been much recent interest in developing data-driven models for weather and climate predictions. However, there are open questions regarding their generalizability and robustness, highlighting a need to better understand how they make their predictions. In particular, it is important to understand whether data-driven models learn the underlying physics of the system against which they are trained, or simply identify statistical patterns without any clear link to the underlying physics. In this paper, we describe a sensitivity analysis of a regression-based model of ocean temperature, trained against simulations from a 3D ocean model setup in a very simple configuration. We show that the regressor heavily bases its forecasts on, and is dependent on, variables known to be key to the physics such as currents and density. By contrast, the regressor does not make heavy use of inputs such as location, which have limited direct physical impacts. The model requires nonlinear interactions between inputs in order to show any meaningful skill—in line with the highly nonlinear dynamics of the ocean. Further analysis interprets the ways certain variables are used by the regression model. We see that information about the vertical profile of the water column reduces errors in regions of convective activity, and information about the currents reduces errors in regions dominated by advective processes. Our results demonstrate that even a simple regression model is capable of learning much of the physics of the system being modeled. We expect that a similar sensitivity analysis could be usefully applied to more complex ocean configurations.
Novel expansion of a well-established antimicrobial stewardship program: Enhancing program efficiency and reach
Authors: Wirtz Ann L. , Lee Brian R. , Burns Alaina N. , McDonough Ryan J. , Frank Tammy S. , Hall Darrell E. , Vanlandingham Kate , Goldman Jennifer L. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjective:To evaluate efficiency and impact of a novel antimicrobial stewardship program (ASP) prospective-audit-with-feedback (PAF) review process using the Cerner Multi-Patient Task List (MPTL).Design:Retrospective cohort study.Setting:A 367-bed free-standing, pediatric academic medical center.Methods:The ASP PAF review process expanded to monitor all systemic and inhaled antibiotics through use of the MPTL on July 23, 2020. Average number of daily ASP reviews, absolute number of monthly interventions, and time to conduct ASP reviews were compared between the preimplementation period and the postimplementation period following expansion. Antibiotic days of therapy (DOT) per 1,000 patient days for overall and select antibiotics were compared between periods. ASP intervention characteristics were assessed.Results:Average daily ASP reviews significantly increased following program expansion (9 vs 14 reviews; P < .0001), and the absolute number of ASP interventions each month also increased (34 vs 52 interventions; P ≤ .0001). Time to conduct daily ASP reviews increased in the postimplementation period (1.03 vs 1.32 hours). Overall antibiotic DOT per 1,000 patient days significantly decreased in the postimplementation period (457.9 vs 427.9; P < .0001) as well as utilization of select, narrow-spectrum antibiotics such as ampicillin and clindamycin. Intervention type and antibiotics were similar between periods. The ASP documented 128 “nonantibiotic interventions” in the postimplementation period, including culture and/or susceptibility testing (32.8%), immunizations (25.8%), and additional diagnostic testing (22.7%).Conclusions:Implementation of an ASP PAF review process using the MPTL allowed for efficient expansion of a pre-existing ASP and a decrease in overall antibiotic utilization. ASP documentation was enhanced to fully track the impact of the program.
ON LINEARISED POLYNOMIALS, SIDON ARRAYS AND FAST CONSTRUCTION OF SIDON SETS
Authors: ANDRADE CESAR , BERMUDEZ YAMIDT , TRUJILLO CARLOS 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA Sidon set is a subset of an Abelian group with the property that the sums of two distinct elements are distinct. We relate the Sidon sets constructed by Bose to affine subspaces of
$ \mathbb {F} _ {q ^ 2} $
of dimension one. We define Sidon arrays which are combinatorial objects giving a partition of the group
$\mathbb {Z}_{q ^ 2} $
as a union of Sidon sets. We also use linear recurring sequences to quickly obtain Bose-type Sidon sets without the need to use the discrete logarithm.