bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Flood Peak discharge and Volume runoff envelop curves for 100 year return period for the arid region: Saudi Arabia
Authors: Sefry Saleh A. , Youssef Ahmed , AbuAlfadael Emad Y. , AbuAbdullah Mazen M. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The Saudi Geological Survey (SGS) conducted a nationwide flood hazard assessment study for the entire country. Detailed precipitation data until 2020 are collected and flood discharges of 5216 basins ranging from small basins (< 1 km2) to very large basins (> 10000 km2) are calculated using a precipitation-based hydrological model with a return period of. 100-year. This study aims to understand the relationships between peak flood discharges, volumes and catchment areas for the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and to extract flood peak discharge envelopes over a 100-year return period. The results show that an envelope for peak flow and flow volume versus catchment area is not suitable for all of Saudi Arabia, due to many uncertainties such as precipitation and geological variability. For this reason, the study area is divided into seven regions according to the main basin boundaries and different physiographic features. Seven envelopes are then removed, which are justified on the basis of different geological units and precipitation distributions in each region. They are also validated based on several studies that showed good agreement. These envelopes can help engineers and planners to predict peak flows and flow volumes for watersheds with great accuracy.
Epidemic Status and Control Strategies of Kashin-beck Disease in China: a Census of Adult Patients in Endemic Areas.
Authors: Jiao Zhe , Sun Hong-Na , Lu Chun-Qing , Pei Jun-Rui , Cui Si-Lu , Liu Hui , Li Yang , Cao Yan-Hong , Liu Ning , Zhang Xu-Feng , Deng Qing , Yu Jun 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Kashin-Beck disease (KBD) can seriously affect labor capacity. In recent years, KBD is mainly a disease of poor farming families, which are primarily distributed in China. The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of control strategies implemented in China, and provide the basis for formulating relevant strategies to eliminate KBD in the future. Method: This study collected demographic information of adult KBD cases by census.Result: KBD is particularly serious in the Tibetan region with a high prevalence and a high proportion of young patients. Most patients were ethnically Han and Tibetan, farmers and herdsmen. Low-income patients showed higher disability rates, long-term medication ratios and operative intention than higher-income patients. Conclusion: The age composition of KBD patients demonstrates that comprehensive prevention and treatment measures implemented in China since the 1990s have achieved remarkable results. The treatment of adult KBD patients, especially those with a lower income, is currently an important part of the effort to eliminate KBD.
Design of a broadband dispersion compensated ultra-high nonlinear photonic crystal fiber
Authors: Pandey Sanat Kumar , Singh Shivam , Maurya J.B. , Verma R.N. , Prajapati Yogendra Kumar 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
A photonic crystal fiber (PCF) with four circular rings of air holes expanded toward the cladding region is proposed. Four circular tiny air hole rings have been used between the air holes in a regular circular PCF to achieve low dispersion (D) and confinement loss (CL). Additionally, the core region is perforated with a rectangular-shaped hole filled with an extremely nonlinear material, gallium phosphide (GaP), to achieve the desired level of nonlinearity. We achieved extremely high nonlinearity and birefringence values of 4.6104 W-1km-1 and 0.078 at the 1.55µm telecommunication window by doing so. Further, we observed the structure with varying pitch (Ʌ) values and found a significant reduction in dispersion and confinement loss, as well as a decrease in effective material loss (EML). Thus, at 1.55 µm, an ultra-high negative dispersion of -8000 ps/nm.km is achieved, particularly with Ʌ=1.8µm, along with extremely low confinement and material losses of 10–9 dB/km and 0.017 cm-1, respectively. Similarly, other critical parameters such as the power fraction, numerical aperture, and effective area have been examined. Hence, owing to these enhanced optical properties, the proposed PCF is capable of effectively compensating for dispersion, generating supercontinuum, and maintaining polarization.
Management of a low malignant solitary fibrous tumor of lung by pneumonectomy : a case report
Authors: Li Ranhua , Zhou Yong , Yang Yanlong , Bao Yanan , Zhao Yunping , Chen Xiaobo , Xiong Guosheng , Yu Qinghe , Kong Fanming , Zhang Yukai , Cai Fangqi , Bi Tao , Yin Xiaochuan 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is a rare condition, first described by Klemperer and Robin in 1931. Few reports have described managing malignant SFTs using pneumonectomy.Case presentation: A 35-year-old man with tumor in the left pulmonary was assessed by preoperative 3D-computed tomography (3D-CT) reconstruction and treated by pneumonectomy. Conclusions: The 3D-CT reconstruction could help to provide an appropriate operative programme for surgeons. It is necessary to control the main pulmonary arterial trunk to avoid hemorrhage. The choice of surgery area is affected by size and location of SFT.
The November 2021 Fin (SE Zagros, Iran) doublet earthquakes of reverse faults in a transpressional tectonic regime
Authors: Nemati Majid 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Doublet earthquakes with magnitudes of 6.2 (12:07) and 6.3 (12:08 GMT) on December 14, 2021 struck the SE Zagros in the range of the Mountain Frontal Fault (MFF) in south of Iran. By combining and processing the records of the seismic networks, mechanism of some of background seismicity and the aftershocks were solved and Coulomb stress maps of epicentral area were drawn. Reverse mechanism with a small strike slip component in some earthquakes were dominant, if north dipping E-W oriented plane is the active plane. Statistical investigation of the earthquakes parameters demonstrated that no considerable seismic gap was seen before the first mainshock. The 12:08 Fin earthquake, like other Mountain Frontal Fault dependent earthquakes, is associated with the probable development of anticlines in its vicinity, which is accompanied by a faulting process in and around the core. A small area of fractures with a maximum length of hundred meters and few centimeters opening were seen in the nearest main road. No coseismic mature fault related to this magnitude was observed in prospecting in high quality satellite images. The coulomb stress field revealed that the second shock and majority of aftershocks happened in area of increased stress produced by the first mainshock and second earthquake, respectively. Dimension and strike of coseismic rupture of the second event are estimated ~50 km and near ENE-WSW, respectively using both aftershocks elongation and special-temporal diagram of micro earthquakes. Northward directivity was seen for both shocks in their accelerograms of northeast and south of the epicenters. If MFF fault is supposed as causative fault for the second shock, second rupture was probability propagated from the south to the north, unilaterally. Based on northward dipping of the MFF, the rupture of second event could propagate from shallow depth (10 km, hypocenter) toward deep area (12 km, centroid) of the fault along N-S direction. If causative faults of the shocks are back thrusts, the first rupture should be south dipping, and propagate from depth (20 km, hypocenter) toward surface (13 km, centroid) in N-S direction.
Elucidating Treatment Targets and Mediators within a Confirmatory Efficacy Trial: Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy vs. Light Therapy for Winter Depression
Authors: Rohan Kelly J. , Franzen Peter L. , Roecklein Kathryn A. , Siegle Greg J. , Kolko David J. , Postolache Teodor T. , Vacek Pamela M. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: This study is a confirmatory efficacy trial of two treatments for winter seasonal affective disorder (SAD): SAD-tailored group cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT-SAD) and light therapy (LT). In our previous efficacy trial, post-treatment outcomes for CBT-SAD and LT were very similar, but CBT-SAD was associated with fewer depression recurrences two winters later than LT (27.3% in CBT-SAD vs. 45.6% in LT). CBT-SAD engaged and altered a specific mechanism of action, seasonal beliefs, which mediated CBT-SAD’s acute antidepressant effects and CBT-SAD’s enduring benefit over LT. Seasonal beliefs are theoretically distinct from LT’s assumed target and mechanism: correction of circadian phase. This study applies the experimental therapeutics approach to determine how each treatment works when it is effective and to identify the best candidates for each. Biomarkers of LT’s target and effect include circadian phase angle difference and the post-illumination pupil response. Biomarkers of CBT-SAD’s target and effect include decreased pupillary and sustained frontal gamma-band EEG responses to seasonal words, which are hypothesized as biomarkers of seasonal beliefs, reflecting less engagement with seasonal stimuli following CBT-SAD. In addition to determining change mechanisms, this study tests the efficacy of a “switch” decision rule upon recurrence to inform clinical decision-making in practice. Methods: Adults with SAD (target N =160) will be randomzied to 6-weeks of CBT-SAD or LT in Winter 1; followed in Winter 2; and, if a depression recurrence occurs, offered cross-over into the alternate treatment (i.e., switch from LT->CBT-SAD or CBT-SAD->LT). All subjects will be followed in Winter 3. Biomarker assessments occur at pre-, mid-, and post-treatment in Winter 1, at Winter 2 followup (and again at mid-/post-treatment for those crossed-over), and at Winter 3 followup. Primary efficacy analyses will test superiority of CBT-SAD over LT on depression recurrence status (the primary outcome). Mediation analyses will use parallel process latent growth curve modeling. Discussion: Consistent with the National Institute of Mental Health’s priorities for demonstrating target engagement at the level of Research Domain Criteria-relevant biomarkers, this work aims to confirm the targets and mechanisms of LT and CBT-SAD to maximize the impact of future dissemination efforts.Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT03691792. Registered on October 2, 2018.
Disruption of biological processes in the Anthropocene: the case of phenological mismatch
Authors: Montévil Maël 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Biologists increasingly report anthropogenic disruptions of both organisms and ecosystems, suggesting that these processes are a fundamental, qualitative component of the Anthropocene. Nonetheless, the notion of disruption has not yet been theorized in biology. To progress in that regard, we work on a special case. Relatively minor temperature changes impact plant-pollinator synchrony, disrupting mutualistic interaction networks. Understanding this phenomenon requires a specific rationale since models describing them use both historical and systemic reasoning. Specifically, history justifies that the system is initially in a very narrow part of the possibility space where it is viable, and the disruption randomizes this configuration. Building on this rationale, we develop a formal framework inspired by Boltzmann's entropy. With empirical networks, we show historical trends depending on latitude. Then we propose an initial definition of disruption in ecology. When a specific historical outcome contributes to a system's viability, disruption randomizes this outcome, decreasing viability.
Super-low-dose functional and molecular photoacoustic microscopy
Authors: ZHANG YACHAO , CHEN JIANGBO , ZHANG JIE , ZHU JINGYI , LIU CHAO , Sun Hongyan , Wang Lidai 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Photoacoustic microscopy can image various biological molecules and nano-agents in vivo via low-scattering ultrasonic sensing. Insufficient sensitivity has been a long-standing obstacle for imaging of many low-absorbing chromophores with less photobleaching or toxicity, reduced perturbation to delicate organs, and more choices of lasers. Here, we present a multi-spectral super-low-dose photoacoustic microscopy (SLD-PAM) that is up to ~ 33-times more sensitive than the state of the art. We collaboratively innovate the photoacoustic probe design and implement a spectral-spatial filter. The new probe collects 300% more acoustic signals, and the filter further improves the signal-to-noise ratio by 200%~1100% across all optical wavelengths. SLD-PAM can visualize microvessels and quantify oxygen saturation (sO2) in vivo with ~ 1% of the maximum permissible exposure, dramatically reducing any possible phototoxicity or perturbation, especially in imaging of the eye and the brain. Capitalizing on the high sensitivity, we, for the first time, implement direct imaging of deoxyhemoglobin (Deoxy-Hb) concentration without spectral unmixing, avoiding wavelength-dependent and computational noises. We show that super-low-dose molecular imaging can reduce photobleaching by at least 85%. We also demonstrate SLD-PAM achieves similar molecular imaging quality using 80% fewer contrast agents, which greatly reduces potential biotoxicity. SLD-PAM enables the use of more low-absorbing nano-agents, small molecules, and genetically-encoded biomarkers, as well as more low-power light sources at wider spectra. We believe SLD-PAM offers a powerful tool for anatomical, functional, and molecular imaging.
Comprehensive Analysis of the MYB Transcription Factor Gene Family in Morus Alba
Authors: Liu Li , Chao Nan , Yidilisi Keermula , Kang Xiaoru , Cao Xu 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The V-myb myeloblastosis viral oncogene homolog (MYB) family of proteins is large, containing functionally diverse transcription factors. In the present study, a genome-wide identification of MYBs in Morus alba was performed. In total 166 MaMYBs were identified, including 103 R2R3-MYBs and four 3R-MaMYBs. Comprehensive analyses, including the phylogenetic analysis with putative functional annotation, motif and structure analysis, gene structure organization, promoter analysis, chromosomal localization, and syntenic relationships of R2R3-MaMYBs and 3R-MaMYBs, provided primary characterization for these MaMYBs. R2R3-MaMYBs covered the subgroups reported for R2R3-MYBs in Arabidopsis and Populus, and had two Morus-specific subgroups, indicating the high retention of MYBs in Morus. Motif analysis revealed high conservative residues at the start and end of each helix and residues consisting of the third helix in R2 and R3 repeats. Thirteen intron/exon patterns (a–m) were summarized, and the intron/exon pattern of two introns with phase numbers of 0 and 2 was the prevalent pattern for R2R3-MaMYBs. Various cis-elements in promoter regions were identified, and were mainly related to light response, development, phytohormone response, and abiotic and biotic stress response and secondary metabolite production. Expression patterns of R2R3-MaMYBs in different organs showed that MaMYBs involved in secondary cell wall components and stress responsiveness were preferentially expressed in roots or stems. R2R3-MaMYBs involved in flavonoid biosynthesis and anthocyanin accumulation were identified and characterized based on functional annotation and correlation of their expression levels with anthocyanin contents. Overall, this work provides an informative reference for further functional dissection of MYBs in Morus.
Dust pollution hazard and harmful airborne dust exposure assessment for remote LHD operator in underground lead-zinc ore mine open stope
Authors: Paluchamy B , Mishra Devi Prasad 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Underground mines have several occupational hazards, including airborne dust generated from various mining operations. Line-of-sight remote LHD mucking is adopted to draw the blasted muck from unsupported stopes in underground metalliferous mines. Investigation on particulate matter (PM) at remote operator location is crucial for assessing the operator exposure and devising appropriate dust control measures. This paper identifies the potential dust pollution hazard for remote LHD operator by simulating different mucking scenarios in open stope. PM generated due to mucking in a long-hole open stope by line-of-sight remote LHD during downcast airflow are measured using real-time aerosol spectrometers. The particulates concentration at upstream and downstream of dust source are analysed for various particle sizes including occupational dust types, such as alveolic and thoracic. The study revealed that the airborne dust concentrations of ≤10 μm, ≤5 μm, and ≤1 μm sizes in downstream, near the operator location, are measured 71.3%, 28.5%, and 3.0%, respectively. Moreover, the alveoli and thoracic dust fractions, respectively are determined 25.1% and 74.2%, in downstream and 48.9%, and 84.6%, in upstream total airborne dust concentration (311±246 μg/m3). The differential concentrations of 15.0-20.0 µm, 10.0-15.0 µm 5.0-10.0 µm, and 0.23.0-5.0 µm are analysed, and empirical relations of these sizes in total airborne dust are established. Moreover, dilution of airborne dust at remote LHD operator location is studied. This study enhanced the understanding on exposure potential of harmful dust during remote LHD mucking in open stopes. Moreover, it emphasised adoption of tele-remote-operated LHD and automated mucking operation in open stopes.
Discovery and functional interrogation of SARS-CoV-2 protein-RNA interactions
Authors: Yeo Gene , Xiang Joy , Mueller Jasmine , Luo En-Ching , Yee Brian , Schafer Danielle , Schmok Jonathan , Tan Frederick , Rothamel Katherine , McVicar Rachael , Kwong Elizabeth , Croker Ben , Jones Krysten , Her Hsuan-Lin , Chen Chun-Yuan , Vu Anthony , Jin Wenhao , Park Samuel , Le Phuong , Brennan Kristopher , Kofman Eric , Li Yanhua , Tankka Alexandra , Dong Kevin , Song Yan , Clark Alex , Carlin Aaron , Nostrand Eric Van , Leibel Sandra 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). The betacoronvirus has a positive sense RNA genome which encodes for several RNA binding proteins. Here, we use enhanced crosslinking and immunoprecipitation to investigate SARS-CoV-2 protein interactions with viral and host RNAs in authentic virus-infected cells. SARS-CoV-2 proteins, NSP8, NSP12, and nucleocapsid display distinct preferences to specific regions in the RNA viral genome, providing evidence for their shared and separate roles in replication, transcription, and viral packaging. SARS-CoV-2 proteins expressed in human lung epithelial cells bind to 4773 unique host coding RNAs. Nine SARS-CoV-2 proteins upregulate target gene expression, including NSP12 and ORF9c, whose RNA substrates are associated with pathways in protein N-linked glycosylation ER processing and mitochondrial processes. Furthermore, siRNA knockdown of host genes targeted by viral proteins in human lung organoid cells identify potential antiviral host targets across different SARS-CoV-2 variants. Conversely, NSP9 inhibits host gene expression by blocking mRNA export and dampens cytokine productions, including interleukin-1α/β. Our viral protein-RNA interactome provides a catalog of potential therapeutic targets and offers insight into the etiology of COVID-19 as a safeguard against future pandemics.
Application of Geographical Information System-Based Analytical Hierarchy Process Modeling for Flood Susceptibility Mapping of Krishna District in Andhra Pradesh
Authors: Penki Ramu , Basina Sai Santosh , Tanniru Srinivasa Rao 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Flooding is one of the most catastrophic natural disasters in terms of provoking socioeconomic losses. The current study is to foster a flood susceptibility map of Krishna District in Andhra Pradesh (AP) through integrating remote sensing data, geographical information system (GIS), and the Analytical hierarchy process (AHP). Eleven factors including elevation, slope, aspect, land-use/land-cover (LULC), drainage density, topographic wetness index, stream power index, lithology, soil, precipitation, distance from the streams, are considered for identifying and evaluating the spatial distribution of critical flood susceptible regions. Thematic maps of different factors were derived in GIS using remote sensing data obtained from Sentinel-2A (satellite sensor), shuttle radar topography mission digital elevation model (SRTM DEM – v3), and other scientific data products. An analytical hierarchy process is a mathematical approach for decision support, primarily based on the weight and rank of different causative factors. AHP technique is implemented for flood hazard modeling and ascertaining the Flood Hazard Index (FHI) to produce a flood susceptibility map. Different thematic maps weighed with the AHP framework are combined using overlay analysis to produce the Flood Susceptibility map of the study region. The outcomes of the study demonstrate the potential of GIS and AHP in providing a premise to recognize the vulnerable areas that are susceptible to flood. According to the findings, the Flood Hazard Index is 42% and the study region is classified into high, moderate, and low susceptible respectively.
Examination of risk exposure models during COVID-19 in relation to youth life satisfaction and internalizing symptoms
Authors: Snetselaar Romy , Liber Juliette , Geurts Suzanne , Koning Ina 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This study examined mediation of a negative COVID-impact on the relationship between risk exposure, and life satisfaction and internalizing symptoms in youth (aged 9–18). Four operationalizations of risk exposure were applied; an Additive versus a Cumulative Risk Model (ARM and CRM), risk clusters and the most salient risk factors. Results showed that a stronger negative COVID-impact is related to lower life satisfaction, more internalizing symptoms and higher additive and cumulative risk. ARM and CRM’s effect on lower life satisfaction is mediated through negative COVID-impact, though not for internalizing symptoms. Clusters of risk factors and risk factors within clusters significantly related to a stronger negative COVID-impact are the clusters ‘Individual factors’ (low self-control), ‘Parenting’ (negative mother-child interaction and low parental responsiveness), ‘Maternal mental health’ and ‘Demographic factors’ (low SES and high paternal education). From all significant risk factors, low self-control, low parental responsiveness, negative mother-child interaction and low SES were most salient.
Artificially tailored relaxor ferroelectrics for high energy density capacitors
Authors: Ryu Jungho , Peddigari Mahesh , Wang Bo , Wang Rui , Yoon Woon-Ha , Jang Jongmoon , Lee Hyunjong , Song Kyung , Hwang Geon-Tae , Wang Kai , Hou Yuchen , Palneedi Haribabu , Yan Yongke , Choi Han Seung , Wang Jianjun , Chen Long-Qing , Priya Shashank , Jeong Dae-Yong 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Relaxor ferroelectrics (RFEs) are being actively investigated for energy storage applications due to their large electric-field-induced polarization with slim hysteresis and fast energy charging-discharging capability. Here, we report a nanograin engineering approach based upon high kinetic energy deposition for artificially inducing the RFE behavior in a normal ferroelectric Pb(Zr0.52Ti0.48)O3 (PZT) and simultaneously enhancing the dielectric breakdown strength (EDBS) and polarization. Artificially engineered polycrystalline relaxor PZT films with 4 µm thickness exhibited an exceptional EDBS of 540 MV/m and reduced hysteresis with large unsaturated polarization (103.6 µC/cm2), resulting in an ultrahigh energy storage density of 124 J/cm3 and a power density of 64.5 MW/cm3. This fundamental microstructure-based design approach overcomes the limitations imposed by composition and provides a feasible pathway for designing high-performance energy storage materials, where high EDBS, reduced hysteretic behavior, and enhanced polarization are required.