bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic value of diffusion-weighted MRI and conventional MRI in the differentiation of benign and malignant orbital lesions
Authors: OZTURK Mesut , TANRIVERMİŞ SAYIT Aslı , ÇELENK Cetin , YETER Volkan 
Published: March 2022

Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the role of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the differentiation of benign and malignant orbital lesions.
Materials and Methods: 43 patients (27 women and 16 men; mean age: 26.3±28.5) with orbital lesions were assessed with conventional MRI and DWI. The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of the lesions was measured, and maximum ADC (ADCmax), mean ADC (ADCmean), minimum ADC (ADCmin), the ratio of ADCmean to cerebral white matter ADC (ADCmeanratio), and the ratio of ADCmin to cerebral white matter ADC (ADCminratio) were calculated. T1-weighted and T2-weighted imaging features and contrast enhancement patterns were determined. The diagnostic performances of ADC variables and conventional MRI features for the differentiation of benign and malignant orbital lesions were assessed.
Results: ADCmean, ADCmin, ADCmeanratio, and ADCminratio of the malignant lesions were significantly lower than those of the benign ones . ADCmeanratio had the highest diagnostic performance with a sensitivity and specificity of 87.5% and 70.4% at a threshold of 1.27. Selecting a cut-off ADCmean of 0.97 × 10-3 mm2/s for differentiating benign and malignant lesions revealed 75% sensitivity and 74% specificity. Conventional MRI features were not associated with the malignant diagnosis).
Conclusion: ADC values obtained from DWI contribute to the differentiation of benign and malignant orbital lesions.
Pediatric urinary stone disease: experience from a Turkish tertiary referral center
Authors: SÜRMELİ DÖVEN Serra , DANACI VATANSEVER Esra , İSBİR Caner , NAYCI Ali , DELİBAŞ Ali 
Published: March 2022

Purpose: The incidence of pediatric nephrolithiasis/urolithiasis (NL/UL) has increased in the last few decades due to dietary habits and a sedentary lifestyle. This study aimed to determine the etiological factors and six months of follow-up results of patients with NL/UL in pediatric nephrology and urology clinics in our center.
Materials and Methods: Children with NL/UL between December 2018 and December 2020 were enrolled in this study. The medical records were reviewed to collect data about admission complaints, consanguinity, metabolic risk factors for NL/UL, medical treatments, surgical interventions, and presence of stones after 6 months of follow-up.
Results: A total of 93 patients (46 male and 47 female) were included in the study. Consanguinity and a positive family history for stones was present in 46.2% and 78.5% of patients, respectively. The urinary metabolic risk factors were hyperuricosuria (11/83, 13.3%), hypercalciuria (12/93, 12.9%), hyperoxaluria (6/51, 11.8%), cystinuria (7/90, 7.8%), and hypocitraturia (2/41, 4.9%). Twenty patients (29.9%) with NL/UL and without cystinuria received potassium citrate therapy. After 6 months of follow-up (n = 27) of these patients, stone progression was not observed in any of the patients who received potassium citrate treatment (n=11) or underwent surgical intervention (n=10).
Conclusions: Most patients had a family history of stones. Hyperuricosuria was the most common urinary risk factor for NL/UL. Potassium citrate therapy might be useful to prevent stone progression in patients with NL/UL.
OBSERVACIONES SOBRE LA ANIDACIÓN DEL GAVILÁN COLICORTO Buteo brachyurus brachyurus (ACCIPITRIDAE) EN EL CANTÓN PIÑAS, PROVINCIA DE EL ORO, SUROCCIDENTE DE ECUADOR
Authors: Granda-Loayza Bryan , Sanchez Nivicela Manuel Vicente 
Published: March 2022

Presentamos algunos apuntes del proceso de anidación, desarrollo del polluelo y plumaje del juvenil (menor a un año) de Gavilán Colicorto Buteo brachyurus brachyurus en una pequeña plantación de Eucalyptus sp., en las laderas periurbanas orientales del centro urbano de Piñas, provincia de El Oro, suroeste de Ecuador. Las observaciones fueron hechas en diciembre 2019, marzo 2020 y enero-febrero 2021. Reportamos el uso de un huicundo (Tillandsia sp.; Bromeliaceae) como sustrato para la construcción del nido, y reportamos ciertos tipos de presas para la alimentación del polluelo. A pesar de ser una especie de distribución amplia, este es el primer reporte de aspectos de reproducción de este gavilán en Ecuador.
ANIDACIÓN DEL COLACINTILLO COLIVERDE Lesbia nuna (APODIFORMES: TROCHILIDAE) EN AZUAY, ECUADOR
Authors: Molina Abril Paul , Alarcón Ibeth , Curillo Luis , Carrasco Agustín 
Published: March 2022

El conocimiento sobre la biología reproductiva del colibrí Colacintillo Coliverde Lesbia nuna es limitado. En este artículo presentamos nueva información sobre la biología reproductiva de esta especie mediante el seguimiento de sietenidos encontrados en tres localidades en Azuay, Ecuador. La mayoría de los nidos fueron construidos en árboles de Cupressus sp. Observamos un tamaño de puesta de dos huevos por nido y el periodo de incubación en un nido fue de 19 días.Luego de la eclosión, seguimos el crecimiento de los polluelos hasta el día 25, en un nido. Además, reportamos un caso de depredación de los huevos de un nido por el Mirlo Grande Turdus fuscater. Describimos por primera vez el periodo de incubación, los huevos, forma y composición del nido y el desarrollo de los polluelos de L. nuna.
Republican Politics and Rainbow Wigs: George H. W. Bush, The Simpsons, and the Culture Wars of the 1990s
Authors: Griffis Chelsea 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACTThis essay analyzes a feud between George H. W. Bush and The Simpsons as a way to explore the growing culture wars of the 1980s and 1990s. I argue that Bush challenged the family values portrayed in The Simpsons as a way to boost his conservative credentials during his presidential re‐election campaign in 1992. Bush attacked the then‐controversial show to prove himself a culture warrior and The Simpsons team rebutted with the episode “Two Bad Neighbors”. I use this feud to showcase changes within US conservatism as well as the idea of “family values.”Chelsea Griffis is an Associate Lecturer in History at the University of Toledo in Ohio. She focuses on the histories of women and conservatism in the twentieth‐century United States. Her work has previously been published in Frontiers: A Journal of Women's Studies.
“The future thanks you for your service”: HBO's Watchmen as Instructive Discourse
Authors: O'Malley Emily , Reich Paul D. 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACTHBO's Watchmen carefully crafts a speculative United States that serves as a funhouse mirror in which Americans see themselves: distorted, ugly, but reflected all the same. Its careful interplay of plot, thematic, and cinematographic elements capture its subject issues—racism, race‐based violence, and systems of power—with nuance and complexity. Black characters present viewers with multiple models of justice, while White characters demonstrate models of injustice. However, the series moves beyond an oversimplified oppressor‐oppressed binary structure to interrogate more broadly who has power and privilege, and how they use that power and privilege to either help or harm. Watchmen breaks apart the history constructed by White Americans, peeling off the layers of nostalgia rhetoric to expose White viewers to the tragic, brutal reality of racism in the United States—and to their own culpability, even if they consider themselves liberal‐minded. For Black viewers, however, Watchmen presents the narrative they have known their whole lives but have rarely, if ever, seen represented on the screen before. The series models the strategy of simultaneously deprivileging White Americans' nostalgia and prioritizing an empathetic understanding of Black Americans' traumatic history to present viewers with the nation's ugly reflection; in the act of critically viewing the series, then, moving toward new conceptions of justice and progress is possible. When used this way, television becomes a tool for an alternative education in the face of systemic efforts to suppress history.
Analysing the effects of Covid-19 on homelessness in Spain during the first quarantine
Authors: Budian Raluca Cosmina , Sarkute Ligita 
Published: March 2022

This study aims to reflect the difficulties encountered by homeless people and homelessness in general, in the face of the crisis due to Covid-19, focusing on the situation in Spain. The paper describes the different responses carried out by different entities, both Spanish and international when dealing with homeless people. The study explains how the global solution of accommodation in different reception centres or hostels for homeless people, is not a solution that protects this group, but quite the opposite. To this end, we are committed to a model that has been in full development since the 1990s, the Housing First model as well. In conclusion, we focus on the importance of institutional coordination when offering a response to homelessness, regardless of the area where we are, with special attention to the Housing First model as a measure to be considered in the long term.

Keywords: Covid-19; homeless people; homelessness; housing; shelters.
Kewenangan Penerapan Aturan Terhadap Tindak Pidana Asusila Yang Korbannya Anak
Authors: Rhazi Muhammad , Gani Iskandar A , Dahlan Dahlan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis study aims to explain the handling of cases of immoral crimes whose victims are children in relation to the determination of the court to try and the authority of the investigation carried out by the National Police Investigators and the Aceh Wilayatul Hisbah Investigators associated with the concept of legal protection. The research method used is juridical empirical. Juridical research is using a statutory approach (dass sollen), while empirical research uses a field/interview approach (dass sein). The results of the study show that in Aceh Province in handling immoral crimes in which the perpetrators and victims are children, 2 (two) laws and regulations are applied, namely Law Number 35 of 2014 concerning Amendments to Law Number 23 of 2002 concerning Child Protection and Aceh Qanun Number 6 of 2014 concerning Jinayat Law. Qanun jinayat is a positive law which in its application still requires higher legislation with the aim of being guided by the scope of the judiciary so that the ideal concept can be clearly seen in handling cases related to jinayat law. Meanwhile, the Qanun jinayat is a derivative of Law Number 11 of 2006 concerning the Government of Aceh.Keywords: Aceh; Immoral; Disparity. AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan penanganan perkara tindak pidana asusila yang korbannya anak kaitannya dengan penentuan pengadilan yang mengadili dan wewenang penyidikan yang dilakukan oleh Penyidik Polri dan Penyidik Wilayatul Hisbah Aceh dikaitkan dengan konsep perlindungan hukum. Adapun metode penelitian yang digunakan bersifat yuridis empiris. Penelitian yuridis adalah menggunakan pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan (dass sollen), sedangkan penelitian empiris menggunakan pendekatan lapangan/wawancara (dass sein). Hasil penelitian bahwa di Provinsi Aceh dalam penanganan tindak pidana asusila yang pelaku maupun korbannya anak diterapkan 2 (dua) aturan perundang-undangan yaitu Undang-undang Nomor 35 Tahun 2014 tentang Perubahan Atas Undang-undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2002 tentang Perlindungan Anak dan Qanun Aceh Nomor 6 Tahun 2014 tentang Hukum Jinayat. Qanun jinayat merupakan hukum positif yang dalam penerapannya masih memerlukan peraturan perundang-undangan yang lebih tinggi dengan tujuan untuk dipedomani oleh lingkup peradilan sehingga dapat dilihat secara jelas konsep ideal dalam penanganan perkara yang berkaitan dengan hukum jinayat. Sedangkan Qanun jinayat tersebut merupakan turunan dari Undang-undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2006 tentang Pemerintah Aceh.Kata Kunci: Aceh; Asusila; Disparitas.
Study on Adsorption Kinetics of Methylene Blue by Modified Sago Frond Waste
Authors: Tirani Seniman Gempur , Sunardi Sunardi 
Published: March 2022

The modified sago frond waste (PSM) using the Fast Microwave-Assisted Acid method, which has several characteristic changes, was tested to determine its adsorption ability to a cationic textile dye. PSM samples as adsorbents have variations in the modification of oxalic acid addition at 0; 1,5; 3,0 and 4,5% (w/v) were used for the adsorption of Methylene Blue (MB) dye on several parameters. This study was conducted to determine the adsorption kinetics through the effect of the ratio of the adsorbent and the contact time and the acid variation of the adsorbent as additional variables. Optimum MB absorption was obtained at a ratio of 0,6 g/L and a contact time of 120 minutes. The data results were analyzed using four general kinetic models: pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, intra-particle diffusion, and Elovich equation. Adsorption followed the pseudo-second-order reaction rate with a coefficient of determination (R2) 0.9996-0.9999 in all variations of PSM. The theoretical adsorption capacity was 25.58 to 27.32 mg/g, and the effect of increasing acid on PSM increased the adsorption and absorption capacity of MB. Keywords: sago frond waste, adsorption, kinetic models, methylene blue.
Design of Vaccine Candidate Based on Ebola Virus Epitop With In Silico Approach
Authors: Simarmata Sari Namarito , Toepak Erwin Prasetya , Rahman Sudarman , Angga Stevin Carolius 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT The World Health Organization (WHO) recorded as many as 2,299 cases of death with a case percentage of 66% during 2018 to 2020 in the Democratic Republic of the Congo due to the Ebola virus. Ebola virus is a member of the Filoviridae family. One of the viro cores consists of glycoprotein (GP). Messenger RNA (mRNA) generates long GP chains for the attachment protein (GP 1) and the fusion protein (GP 2). Epitope-based vaccines are a promising approach because epitopes represent immunogenic regions that elicit immunity specifically. Epitope prediction was performed based on the GP EBOV sequence available in the Data Bank. The designed vaccine could be one of the candidates for the Ebola virus vaccine. The design of the virus with access to NCBI AAB81004 was carried out by testing such as B cell epitope, T cell, and their antigenicity using the VaxiJen v2.0 server and IEDB. The T cell epitope prediction results showed that 20 T cell epitopes interacted with the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) with the highest score of 2.8069. B cell epitope by linear BepiPred assay had 77 candidate epitope peptides from sequence 401-477. Karplus and Schulz's flexibility predictions showed a predictive value of 1.119 with a threshold of 1.008, with the analyzed area having an antigenic tendency where the threshold area was yellow. Keywords: Ebolavirus; Vaccine; Epitope B Cell; Epitope T Cell; In Silico
Influence of Reduced Graphene Oxide on Crude Oil/Water Separation
Authors: Al-Kamiyani Salim Saif , Mohiuddin Tariq 
Published: March 2022

Summary
Despite the progress made in recent years in the involvement of graphene and its derivatives in oil/water emulsions as stabilizers or demulsifiers, materials’ interaction still needs to be understood. Reduced graphene oxide (rGO) is one of the graphene derivatives that has promising implications in oil/water separation. It has unique physical properties that include large surface area, structural defects, and several functional groups on its surface. This study presents and highlights the influence of rGO in oil/water separation. Crude oil was examined at different concentrations of rGO and in different phase ratios of oil/water). The results reveal that rGO has an excellent performance. However, this depends on the oil-in-water (O/W) phase ratio, rGO dosage, and interaction time. The interphase interactions were evident in electrical capacitance analysis, where the quasimetallic effect of rGO is dominant. We believe that this work will inspire researchers to further investigate the performance of rGO in oil/water separation, where in the future it can be easily tailored by controlling rGO properties.
Proteomic Response of Sugar Beet Monosomic Addition Line M14 Guard Cells to Salt Stress
Authors: Zhang Jialin , Tao Xin , Wang Shuang , Li Jinna , Liu He , Chen Sixue , Yu Bing , Ma Chunquan , Li Haiying 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Soil salinity is one of the most detrimental abiotic stresses that limit crop production and threaten global food security. The responsiveness of stomatal guard cells to various stimuli is important for plants to balance transpirational water loss and carbon dioxide (CO2) intake for photosynthesis. It is important to identify differences in proteomic changes under salt stress and to understand the mechanisms underlying salt stress-induced stomatal movement in sugar beet guard cells through proteomic analysis.
Results
In this study, we observed stomatal closure and changes in ascorbate peroxidase activities during short-term salt stress treatment of sugar beet monosomic addition line M14. We analyzed proteomic changes in guard cells in response to the salt stress using an iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomic approach. A total of 142 proteins were differentially changed in guard cells by the salt stress treatment. They include several ribosomal proteins, metabolic enzymes and photosystem-related proteins. Gene ontology (GO) annotation of the differentially abundant proteins highlights most of the proteins are related to binding activity, response to stimuli, and glutathione metabolism, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and carbon fixation pathways. Many of the proteins were targeted to the chloroplast, nucleus and cell wall. They may play an important role in the process of stomata closure. In addition, several antioxidant enzymes (e.g., peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase and dehydroascorbate reductase) involved in the regulation of ROS homeostasis were identified. Transcriptional levels of 16 differential proteins involved in stress responses did not correlate well with the protein levels, indicating different regulatory mechanisms in guard cells.
Conclusions
The proteomics results have revealed interesting mechanisms underlying the sugar beet guard cell response to salt stress, which have not been reported before. The knowledge may facilitate molecular breeding and/or engineering efforts toward enhancing crop stress tolerance while not compromising yield.
Development of the Quality of Teen Trauma Acute Ca­re Patient and Parent-Reported Experience Measure
Authors: Yeung Matthew , Hagel Brent E , Bobrovitz Niklas , Stelfox Thomas , Yanchar Natalie L 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Objective: Patient-Reported Experience Measures (PREMs) provide valuable patient feedback on quality of care and have been associated with clinical outcomes. We tested the reliability of a modified version of an adult trauma PREM on injured adolescents and their parents, adding questions on school, social, and family accommodation. Results: Test-retest reliability was assessed using Cohen’s kappa, weighted kappa, and percent agreement between responses. Directionality of changed responses was noted. Most of the study ran during the COVID-19 pandemic. We identified poorer reliability among constructs that varied from the norm during the pandemic, including maintenance of social networks, need of supports for school and follow-up care. Parents appeared to have more directionality of change of responses with reporting more negative in-hospital and more positive post-discharge experiences over time between the test and retest. Situational factors due to the COVID-19 pandemic and potential risks of recall bias may have limited the reliability of some parts of the survey. Retesting of this new PREM instrument outside of the context of the COVID-19 pandemic as well as delivering it in 2 phases to reduce the risk of recall bias may result in stronger reliability of the tool.
Ensemble EfficientNet and Mixed Convolution for Three-class brain MR image classification
Authors: Kakarla Jagadeesh , Isunuri Bala Venkateswarlu 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The classification of brain tumor images is the prevalent task in computer-aided brain tumor diagnosis. Recently, three-class classification becomes a superlative task in brain tumor classification. The existing models are fine-tuned for a single dataset, and hence they may exhibit displeasing results on other datasets. Thus, there is a need for a generalized model that can produce superior performance on multiple datasets. In this paper, we have presented a generalized model that produces similar results on two datasets. We have proposed an ensemble EfficientNet and mixed convolution model to perform a three-class classification. We have devised a mixed convolution to enhance the feature vector extracted from pre-trained EfficientNet. The mixed convolution consists of two blocks namely separable convolution and residual convolution blocks. We have utilized a gaussian dropout layer before the softmax layer to avoid model overfitting. In our experiments, two publicly available datasets are considered for the evaluation of the proposed model. We have achieved an accuracy of 97.65% and 95.84% on BTDS and CPM datasets, respectively. The proposed model outperforms existing pre-trained models and state-of-the-art models in vital metrics.
Competing-risk Nomogram for Predicting Cancer-Specific Survival in Small Bowel Adenocarcinoma: A Population-based Analysis
Authors: Zhai Guo-qing , Shi Min 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
In this study, we attempt to construct and verify a competing-risk nomogram for predicting cancer-specific survival (CSS) of patients with small bowel adenocarcinoma (SBA).
Methods
Patients with SBA diagnosed from 2004 to 2015 in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database were selected. Cumulative incidence function (CIF) was used to describe the cause-specific mortality and compared by Gray's test. Fine and Gray's proportional subdistribution hazard model was applied to validate the independent prognostic factors. The competing-risk nomogram was constructed by significant variables and evaluated by concordance index (C-index) and calibration curves both in training and validation set.
Results
2,729 patients were selected, 36% patients died from small bowel. The 1, 3, 5 years’ cumulative incidence of died from small bowel was 31.1%, 48.2 and 51.5%. Grade, AJCC stage and surgery were independent factors affecting CSS. The C-index of the nomogram was 0.727 (95%CI=0.726-0.729) and 0.752 (95%CI=0.749-0.756) in training and validation set, respectively. Calibration curves showed that the predicted was highly consistent with actual survival.
Conclusion
We established and validated a novel competing-risk nomogram to predict 3- and 5-year CSS for SBA patients accurately and to help clinicians develop individualized follow-up strategies for patients.