bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Translating Enhanced Conversational Recast to a Telepractice Setting
Authors: Arnold Haley L. , Plante Elena , Vance Rebecca 
Published: February 2022

Purpose:
This investigation adapted a well-studied language treatment method, Enhanced Conversational Recast, paired with auditory bombardment to a teletherapy format.

Method:

The study used a single case series approach (
n
= 7) to determine the feasibility of teletherapy with children ages 5 and 6 years of age. Treatment targeted grammatical errors in the context of dialogic reading and craft activities. Clinicians administered 24 doses in the form of focused conversational recasting, followed by 12 doses consisting of simple sentences containing the grammatical forms targeted for remediation. Children were treated for up to 26 sessions, with four children treated on consecutive weekdays and three treated twice a week. Treatment progress was operationalized as generalization of target grammatical forms to untreated linguistic contexts, as well as spontaneous use of the treated form. To control for nontreatment effects, generalization of an untreated form was also tracked throughout the treatment period.

Results:
Six of the seven children showed clinically meaningful gains in the use of the grammatical forms targeted for treatment within the treatment period. This was true for children enrolled in both treatment schedules. Learning for treated forms was retained after treatment was discontinued. In comparison, no change was seen for untreated forms for six of the seven children.

Conclusions:
The results suggest that this treatment method is feasible in a telepractice format, even with young children. The range of individual results is generally comparable to previous face-to-face versions of this treatment.
Treatment of Pediatric Patients With High-Flow Nasal Cannula and Considerations for Oral Feeding: A Review of the Literature
Authors: Rice Jessica L. , Lefton-Greif Maureen A. 
Published: February 2022

Purpose:
High-Flow Nasal Cannula (HFNC) has become an increasingly common means of noninvasive respiratory support in pediatrics and is being used in infants and children with respiratory distress both inside and outside of the intensive care units. Despite the widespread use of HFNC, there remains a paucity of data on optimal flow rates and its impact on morbidity, mortality, and desired outcomes. Given the scarcity of information in these critical areas, it is not surprising that guidelines for initiation of oral feeding do not exist. This review article will review HFNC mechanisms of action, its use in specific populations and settings, and finally what is known about initiation of feeding during this therapy.

Conclusions:
The practice of withholding oral feeding solely, because of HFNC, is not supported in the literature at the time of this writing, but in the absence of safety data from clinical trials, clinicians should proceed with caution and consider patient-specific factors while making decisions about oral feeding. Well-controlled prospective clinical trials are needed for development of best practice clinical guidelines and attainment of optimal outcomes.
Adiabatic–radiative shock systems in YSO jets and novae outflows
Authors: del Valle M. V. , Araudo A. , Suzuki-Vidal F. 
Published: February 2022

Context. The termination regions of non-relativistic jets in protostars and supersonic outflows in classical novae are non-thermal emitters. This has been confirmed by radio and gamma-ray detection, respectively. A two-shock system is expected to be formed in the termination region where the jet, or the outflow material, and the ambient medium impact. Radiative shocks are expected to form in these systems given their high densities. However, in the presence of high velocities, the formation of adiabatic shocks is also possible. A case of interest is when the two types of shocks occur simultaneously. Adiabatic shocks are more efficient at particle acceleration while radiative shocks strongly compress the gas. Furthermore, a combined adiabatic–radiative shock system is very prone to developing instabilities in the contact discontinuity, leading to mixing, turbulence, and density enhancement. Additionally, these dense non-relativistic jets and outflows are excellent candidates for laboratory experiments as demonstrated by magnetohydrodynamics scaling.
Aims. We aim to study the combination of adiabatic and radiative shocks in protostellar jets and novae outflows. We focus on determining the conditions under which this combination is feasible together with its physical implications.
Methods. We performed an analytical study of the shocks in both types of sources for a set of parameters by comparing cooling times and propagation velocities. We also estimated the timescales for the growth of instabilities in the contact discontinuity separating both shocks. We studied the hydrodynamical evolution of a jet colliding with an ambient medium with 2D numerical simulations, confirming our initial theoretical estimates.
Results. We show that for a wide set of observationally constrained parameters, the combination of an adiabatic and a radiative shock is possible at the working surface of the termination region in jets from young stars and novae outflows. We find that instabilities are developed at the contact discontinuity, mixing the shocked materials. Additionally, we explore the magnetohydrodynamic parameter scaling required for studying protostellar jets and novae outflows using laboratory experiments on laser facilities.
Conclusions. The coexistence of an adiabatic and a radiative shock is expected at the termination region of protostellar jets and novae outflows. This scenario is very promising for particle acceleration and gamma-ray emission. The parameters for scaled laboratory experiments are very much in line with plasma conditions achievable in currently operating high-power laser facilities. This provides a new means for studying novae outflows that has never been considered before.
The NICA Complex and the MPD experiment at JINR: status and physics potential
Authors: Kisiel Adam 
Published: February 2022

The Multi-Purpose Detector is under construction at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research in Dubna, as part of the NICA Accelerator Complex. The MPD Collaboration aims to study the phase diagram of QCD matter at maximum baryonic density, determine the nature of the phase transition between the deconfined and hadronic matter and search for the critical point. The combination of significant luminosity at NICA, collider geometry of the experiment and collision energies √SNN spanning the range of 4 to 11 GeV, where the transition from baryon to meson dominated matter is expected will allow MPD to provide unique insight into these questions. The status of the assembly of the detector in MPD Hall, as well as the progress in the production of MPD subdetectors will be reported on.
The design physics performance of the detector will be discussed with the emphasis on the measurements in the strangeness sector. Tracking and particle identification procedures will enable precise determination of spectra of identified hadrons, including hyperons and hypernuclei, with the possibility of differential measurements and total yield extraction. The quality of directed and elliptic flow determination will be discussed, with comparison to model expectations. The sensitivity of event-by-event fluctuations to the nature of the phase transition and the presence of a critical point will be given. The femtoscopic analysis for charged pions and kaons has shown sensitivity to first order and cross-over phase transitions in EoS seen for the vHLLE model. All those studies will be put in context of addressing outstanding questions on the properties of the region of the QCD phase diagram probed by heavy-ion collisions in the NICA energy range.
Psychiatrische Notfallaufnahmen und stationäre Aufenthaltsdauer vor und während der COVID-19-Pandemie in Deutschland
Authors: Fasshauer Jonathan Mathias , Bollmann Andreas , Hohenstein Sven , Mouratis Konstantinos , Hindricks Gerhard , Kuhlen Ralf , Meier-Hellmann Andreas , Broocks Andreas , Schomerus Georg , Stengler Katarina 
Published: February 2022

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie Die Auswirkungen der COVID-19-Pandemie in 2020 auf die Anzahl der täglichen psychiatrischen Notfallaufnahmen und die stationäre psychiatrische Aufenthaltsdauer wurde mit Vorjahren verglichen.
Methodik In einer retrospektiven Studie wurden die 4 Quartale 2020 mehrerer psychiatrischer Kliniken in Deutschland mit den jeweiligen Quartalen von 2018 und 2019 statistisch verglichen.
Ergebnisse Insgesamt wurden 73 412 Fälle analysiert. Im 2. Quartal 2020 war die Zahl der täglichen Aufnahmen mit 59,1 signifikant niedriger im Vergleich zum Kontrollzeitraum mit 70,7 (Inzidenzratenverhältnis [95 %-Konfidenzintervall] 0,81 [0,69; 0,96]; p = 0,012). Die Aufenthaltsdauer war zwischen allen Quartalen 2020 im Vergleich zum Kontrollzeitraum numerisch, aber nicht signifikant unterschiedlich.
Schlussfolgerung Die COVID-19-Pandemie zeigt deutliche Auswirkungen auf die stationäre psychiatrische Versorgung. Zukünftig muss der Blick stärker auf die Notfall- und Krisenversorgung psychisch erkrankter Menschen gelenkt werden.
Synthetic Approaches for the Construction of Five- and Six-Membered Silaazacycles
Authors: Gao Lu , Song Zhenlei , Wang Wanshu 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSilaazacycles (or azasilacycles), containing both nitrogen and silicon atoms, are appealing ring structures in the development of silicon-containing functional molecules. The development of general and efficient methods towards these motifs has therefore attracted considerable attention from synthetic chemists. This short review intends to highlight representative advances in the synthesis of five- and six-membered silaazacycles.1	Introduction2	Five-Membered Silaazacycles2.1	Five-Membered Silaazacycles bearing a 1,2-N/Si Moiety2.2	Five-Membered Silaazacycles bearing a 1,3-N/Si Moiety3	Six-Membered Silaazacycles3.1	Six-Membered Silaazacycles bearing a 1,2-N/Si Moiety3.2	Six-Membered Silaazacycles bearing a 1,3-N/Si Moiety3.3	Six-Membered Silaazacycles bearing a 1,4-N/Si Moiety4	Conclusion
Iridium-Catalyzed Acceptorless Dehydrogenative Coupling of 2-Aminoarylmethanols with Amides or Nitriles to Synthesize Quinazolines
Authors: Shui Hongling , Zhong Yuhong , Luo Nianhua , Luo Renshi , Ouyang Lu 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAn efficient iridium-catalyzed acceptorless dehydrogenative coupling (ADC) reaction for the preparation of various quinazolines from 2-aminoarylmethanols and amides or nitriles had been developed. A wide range of substituted 2-aminobenzyl alcohols and (hetero)aryl or alkyl benzamides and nitriles were well compatible to afford various quinazolines in excellent yields. Merits of this new strategy are the high atom-economy, mild reaction conditions, and simple operation, and the methodology is suitable for a variety of substrates.
Incompleteness of moral choice and evolution towards fully autonomous AI
Authors: Hauer Tomas 
Published: February 2022

AbstractNowadays, it is fashionable to add the attribute “with artificial intelligence” to all possible devices, platforms and machines. The problem of ethical decision-making, viewed from the perspective of computer, technical and natural sciences, lies only in the complexity of the topic. AI scientists and developers basically proceed from the Turing machine model, assuming that a machine can be constructed to resolve any problems (including ethical decision-making issues) that can mechanically calculate a particular function if this function can be put into an algorithm. Thus, ethical decision-making is conceived as an abstract concept whose manifestation does not depend on the particular physical organism in which the algorithm takes place, nor on what it is made of. Whether from photons, mechanical relays, quantum fluctuations, artificial neurons or human nerve cells. If in practice, a sufficiently complex algorithm is built, it will also exhibit sufficiently complex behavior that can be characterized as ethical in the full sense of the word. This article reflects the main argument that if a task requires some form of moral authority when it is performed by humans, its full automation, transferring the same task to autonomous machines, platforms, and AI algorithms, necessarily implies the transfer of moral competence. The question of what this competence should include presupposes empirical research and reassessing purely normative approaches in AI ethics.
Innovative all-silicon based a-SiNx:O/c-Si heterostructure solar-blind photodetector with both high responsivity and fast response speed
Authors: Dong Hengping , Chen Kunji , Yang Huafeng , Ma Zhongyuan , Xu Jun , Li Wei , Yu Linwei , Huang Xinfan 
Published: February 2022

The photoresponsivity and response speed are two key figures of merit for the photodetector (PD). According to the previous reports, there is an inherent contradiction between high photoresponsivity and fast response speed in normal photoconductive-type PDs. Facing the challenge of coordinating this inherent contradiction, we propose an innovative design idea, which employs a luminescent wide-bandgap (WBG) amorphous oxynitride (a-SiNx:O) film as an absorption layer combining with monocrystalline silicon (c-Si) as a carrier transport layer, to construct an all-silicon based a-SiNx:O/c-Si heterostructure photoconductive-type solar-blind photodetector (SBPD). Benefiting from the built-in electric field in the a-SiNx:O/c-Si heterojunction and good passivation at the SiNx:O/Si interface, the photogenerated carriers in the a-SiNx:O layer can be injected into the c-Si layer, which separates the carrier transport process from the carrier photogeneration/recombination process in the different layers. Since the transport process of injected carriers in the c-Si layer is much faster than their recombination process, the detector yields a large photoconductive gain, thus overcoming the above-mentioned inherent contradiction in normal photoconductive-type PDs, where both the defect-related carrier photogeneration/recombination process and carrier transport process occur in the same active layer. The designed SBPDs exhibit highlighted performance with both the high responsivity (R) of 4 × 103 A/W at 225 nm and the fast response speed of 4.3 µs. Compared to most other WBG semiconductor SBPDs, e.g., AlxGa1−xN, MgxZn1−xO, Ga2O3, and diamond, the advantages of the a-SiNx:O/c-Si heterostructure SBPD lie not only in adopting economic Si-based materials but also in manufacturing processes compatible with mature CMOS technology, thereby rendering it preferable for the development of cost-effective large-area SBPD arrays.
Powerful nanographite fault current limiter for smart grid
Authors: Lebedev S. G. 
Published: February 2022

This article proposes the principally new type of fault current limiter—the contactless nanographite current limiter (CNGCL). The device works like a superconductor. At some critical value of the current, it abruptly falls to zero, at which point the resistance jumps up to 6 orders of magnitude. So far, the critical current is small about a few hundreds of mA. It is shown that an increase in the length of the contact pads up to 1 m will raise the switching current up to 1 kA, while the power dissipated by the CNGCL will be about 100 kW. The possibility of heat removal using water cooling using a chiller of appropriate capacity is being considered. The analysis shows that these measures will make it possible to create a competitive current limiter for smart grids based on CNGCLs.
Human cytomegalovirus protein RL1 degrades the antiviral factor SLFN11 via recruitment of the CRL4 E3 ubiquitin ligase complex
Authors: Nightingale Katie , Potts Martin , Hunter Leah M. , Fielding Ceri A. , Zerbe Cassie M. , Fletcher-Etherington Alice , Nobre Luis , Wang Eddie C. Y. , Strang Blair L. , Houghton Jack W. , Antrobus Robin , Suarez Nicolas M. , Nichols Jenna , Davison Andrew J. , Stanton Richard J. , Weekes Michael P. 
Published: February 2022

Significance
Previous proteomic analyses of host factors targeted for down-regulation by human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) have focused on early or intermediate stages of infection. Using multiplexed proteomics, we have systematically identified viral factors that target each host protein down-regulated during the latest stage of infection, after the onset of viral DNA replication. Schlafen-11 (SLFN11), an interferon-stimulated gene and restriction factor for retroviruses and certain RNA viruses, potently restricted HCMV infection. Our discovery that the late-expressed HCMV protein RL1 targets SLFN11 for proteasomal degradation provides evidence for a viral antagonist of this critical cellular protein. We therefore redefine SLFN11 as an important factor that targets DNA viruses as well as RNA viruses, offering therapeutic potential via molecules that inhibit RL1-mediated SLFN11 degradation.
Pragmatic bias impedes women’s access to political leadership
Authors: Corbett Christianne , Voelkel Jan G. , Cooper Marianne , Willer Robb 
Published: February 2022

SignificanceWomen remain underrepresented in political leadership in the United States and beyond. While abundant research has studied the possible impact of gender stereotypes on support for women candidates, our research finds that voters also withhold support for women candidates because they perceive practical barriers to women successfully attaining political leadership positions. We find that providing Democratic primary voters with evidence that women earn as much electoral support as men in US general elections increased intentions to vote for women candidates. Our results suggest that women face complex barriers that prevent gender equity in politics, and these barriers can be reduced when voters believe that Americans not only want but also will take action to support women candidates.
Noncontact rotation, levitation, and acceleration of flowing liquid metal wires
Authors: He Yahua , Tang Jianbo , Kalantar-Zadeh Kourosh , Dickey Michael D. , Wang Xiaolin 
Published: February 2022

Significance
Streams of fluids, particulates, and other flowing media are difficult to control after they have left a nozzle. Here, we present the noncontact manipulation of a free-flowing stream of liquid metal. Such streams form by electrochemically lowering the interfacial tension. The electrochemical reactions make the streams into soft current–carrying conductors presenting minimal resistance to manipulation via the Lorentz force in the magnetic field. Meanwhile, the movement of the stream induces a secondary force arising from Lenz’s law that causes the manipulated streams to levitate in unique shapes. This work, which exploits these forces in a visually stunning manner, enables shaping of fluids in a noncontact manner.
Structure of the Mon1-Ccz1 complex reveals molecular basis of membrane binding for Rab7 activation
Authors: Klink Björn U. , Herrmann Eric , Antoni Claudia , Langemeyer Lars , Kiontke Stephan , Gatsogiannis Christos , Ungermann Christian , Raunser Stefan , Kümmel Daniel 
Published: February 2022

SignificanceRab GTPases are central regulators of intracellular trafficking and serve as markers of organelle identity. They act as molecular switches, and their activation requires precise spatiotemporal control. Members of the family of the Tri Longin domain (TLD) Rab-GEFs (guanine nucleotide exchange factors) act as activators of a subset of Rabs that play a critical role in late endosomal biogenesis. Genetic defects associated with TLD Rab-GEFs cause developmental diseases, but the underlying mechanisms are only partly understood. The determination of the structure of the TLD Rab-GEF Mon1-Ccz1 presented here provides a molecular basis for understanding the function and regulation of these proteins.
Supplementary comparison of the measurement of the alpha and beta particle surface emission rates from large area sources (CCRI(II)-S10 LASCE)
Authors: Felice P De , Anuradha R , Bludovsky J , Bobin C , Bosley R , Broda R , Capogni M , Collins S M , Dix T , Frechou C , Hutchins S , Ioan R , Javornik A , Joseph L , Keightley J D , Kharitonov I A , King L , Kulkami D B , Lewis G , Arcos J M Los , Maringer F J , Mihelic M , Msimang Z , Nahle O , Netwon S , Pateman D , Sahagia M , Sato Y , Slade J , Sokolova I A , Sparrow R , Stanev S , Stanga D , Svec A , Szucs L , Thoka W , Unterweger M , Woods M J , Yamada T , Yamamoto S , Yunoki A , Zanevsky A , Zhao Q , Ziemek T 
Published: February 2022

Main text
In 2009, the Consultative Committee for Ionizing Radiation (CCRI) approved its first supplementary comparison, to be organized by the ENEA (as the pilot laboratory), for the measurement of the alpha and beta particle surface (i.e. 2 solid angle) emission rate from large area sources of the type used for calibrating surface contamination monitors. Five sources were disseminated to the twenty-three participating laboratories consisting of one each of 241Am, 14C, 147Pm and 90Sr for emission rate measurements, with one additional 90Sr source for the evaluation of source uniformity. Measurements of the radionuclide activity and radionuclidic purity were also made although not strictly required. This report describes the organization of this comparison and the material and measurement methods used. The proposed supplementary comparison reference values (SCRV) for each of the comparison measurands are given, together with the Degrees of Equivalence and their associated uncertainties for each participating laboratory. The results of this supplementary comparison may be used as evidence by participating National Metrology Institutes (NMIs) and Designated Institutes (DIs) when submitting calibration and measurement capabilities (CMCs) for the given radionuclides for similar types of large area sources; this is an important aspect of this comparison, given that only one other international supplementary comparison for surface emission rates had been organized before.
To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database https://www.bipm.org/kcdb/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCRI, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
A Prototype of a Large Tunable Fabry–Pérot Interferometer for Solar Spectroscopy
Authors: Greco V. , Sordini A. , Cauzzi G. , Cavallini F. , Vecchio C. Del , Giovannelli L. , Berrilli F. , Moro D. Del , Reardon K. , Pietraszewski K. A. R. B. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Large Fabry–Pérot Interferometers (FPIs) are used in a variety of astronomical instrumentation, including spectro-polarimeters for 4 m class solar telescopes. In this work we comprehensively characterize the cavity of a prototype 150 mm FPI, sporting a novel, fully symmetric design. Of particular interest, we define a new method to properly assess the gravity effects on the interferometer’s cavity when the system is used in either the vertical or horizontal configuration, both typical of solar observations. We show that the symmetric design very effectively limits the combined effects of pre-load and gravity forces to only a few nm over a 120 mm diameter illuminated surface, with gravity contributing ∼2 nm peak-to-valley (∼0.3 nm rms) in either configuration. We confirm a variation of the tilt between the plates of the interferometer during the spectral scan, which can be mitigated with appropriate corrections to the spacing commands. Finally, we show that the dynamical response of the new system fully satisfies typical operational scenarios. We conclude that large, fully symmetric FPIs can be safely used within solar instrumentation in both, horizontal and vertical position, with the latter better suited to limiting the overall volume occupied by such an instrument.