bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inflammatory cytokines during a manic episode in bd patients and its correlation with cognitive and affective symptoms at follow-up
Authors: Guerra M. Estudillo , Suarez G. Torres , Mesia-Toledo I. , Pacheco-Barrios K. , Ramírez-Bemúdez J. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionBipolar Disorder (BD) is a severe recurrent disorder with a complex biogenetic and psychosocial etiology. The immune system cytokines in interaction with the CNS play a role in the pathophysiology.ObjectivesTo compare inflammatory cytokines between BD patients and controls during the manic episode; additionally, compare these cytokines with psychiatric symptoms and cognitive performance during follow-up.MethodsWe recruited 25 BD patients in mania with paired controls. We measured baseline IL-2, IL-4, IL-8, IL-10, GM-CSG, TNF- α, and TNF- γ in plasma. We used U-Mann-Whitney for group comparison and Spearman correlation between sub-group follow-up assessments and cytokines.ResultsWe found a significant difference in IL-6 between subjects and controls (figure 1). During the follow-up, we found a correlation with psychiatric symptoms, cognition, and cytokines during manic episodes (Table 1). Table 1. Follow-up Correlation with cytokines during a manic episode.
BD
follow-up N=8CytokineMADRSBPRSSCIP-S
WMT-SCIP-SPST-SCIP-SIL-10(-) Rho=-.957 (p=<0.001 R2=0.14).IL-4(+) Rho=.78 (p=0.02 R2=0.09)INF- γ(+) Rho=.73 (p=0.03 R2= 0.48)(+) Rho=.751 (p=0.032 R2=0.53)(+) Rho=.737 (p=.037 R2=0.40)INF- α(+) Rho=.887 (p=.003 R2=0.53),(+) Rho=.830 (p=0.011 R2=0.59)(+): positive correlation; (-): negative correlation. WMT: working-memory test, PST: Processing-speed test.ConclusionsIL-6 was significantly different in patients with BD during a manic episode regardless of the treatment they were taking. IL-10 at manic episode was negatively correlated to general psychiatric symptoms, IL-4 positive correlated to depressive symptoms, and cognitive performance was positively correlated to TNF- α and TNF- γ at follow-up.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Psychogenic polidipsia in a patient with bipolar affective disorder (BAD)
Authors: Sarafopoulos A. , Antoniadis D. , Karpouza V. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionA 49 y.o. male patient was admitted to the male PICU with a manic episode. Upon admission he presented with mood elation, pressured speech, lack of sleep, agitation and polydipsia.ObjectivesTo investigate the symptom of psychogenic polydipsia in mental health patients presenting with severe mania.MethodsThe patient was assessed regularly by the psychiatric team consisting of a CT doctor and one General Adult Consultant. Appropriate psychological assessments for mania and laboratory investigations took place. There was a referral to Endocrinology for further investigation of the symptom.ResultsThe patient initially scored above 40 in the Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS), establishing a diagnosis of mania. Upon admission he was treated with Paliperidone 9mg OD and Sodium Valproate 1gr OD. The daily dose of the sodium valproate was increased. Concerning the polydipsia, the investigations by the Endocrinology department indicated the specific weight in urine within normal range. The mental health team proceeded in a cross-titration of Paliperidone to Aripiprazole. On the 10th day since admission the management of the manic symptoms was considered satisfactory. Nevertheless, the polydipsia continued to a certain extend.ConclusionsAfter ruling out organic and pharmacological causes of the polydipsia, the mental health team wondered about the cause of the symptom. Further investigation is required in order to clarify whether the polydipsia could actually qualify as a symptom in severe mania.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Treatment resistant manic episode with commorbidity with borderline personality disorder (BPD)
Authors: Sarafopoulos A. , Antoniadis D. , Karpouza V. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionA 47 y.o. female patient was admitted to the female PICU with a manic episode. Upon admission she presented with mood elation, psychosis, pressured speech, lack of sleep and agitation.ObjectivesTo investigate negative prognostic factors such as the co-morbidity with a personality disorder in patients presenting with severe mania.MethodsThe patient was assessed regularly by the psychiatric team consisting of a CT doctor and one General Adult Consultant. Appropriate psychological assessments for mania and laboratory investigations took place.ResultsThe patient initially scored above 45 in the Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS), establishing a diagnosis of severe mania. She was treated with Olanzapine titrated up to 20mg OD and augmentation with Lithium treatment. Lithium plasma levels were at 0,6. Due to the treatment resistant manic presentation a second antipsychotic agent was administered and the patient was also treated with Zuclopenthixol depot 400mg every two weeks. Clinical improvement was observed after 16 days from admission.ConclusionsThe clinical team wondered about the clinical challenges of the case. According to the literature having a Personality Disorder diagnosis is a negative prognostic factor for patients with mania and this is relevant to this case as well.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Personality dimensions and coping strategies in remitted bipolar disorder
Authors: Mhiri E. , Messedi N. , Bouattour W. , Charfeddine F. , Aloulou J. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionThe influence of personality on how people deal with stressful situations has long been discussed. In bipolar disorder, these two entities seem to have a role in the outcome of the disease.ObjectivesTo study the relationships between coping strategies in stressful situations and personality dimensions in euthymic bipolar patients.MethodsThis is a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study of 30 patients followed for bipolar disorder in remission, at the psychiatric outpatient clinic at the Hédi Chaker Uuniversity Hospital in Sfax. We used a socio-demographic and clinical data sheet and the Ten Items Personality Inventory (TIPI) to evaluate personality dimensions and the Ways Of Coping Checklist (WWC) for the assessment of coping.ResultsThe mean age of the patients was 43.77 years, the sex ratio was 0.5. Bipolar I disorder was diagnosed in 93% of patients. WCC : -Coping focused on the problem : 70% of the patients. -Emotion-centered coping : 20% of patients -Coping focused on seeking social support : 10% of patients. TIPI : Conciousness was the most represented trait of personality (36.7%), agreableness (30%) and extraversion (20%). Extraversion was associated with coping focused on the problem: (p=0.015). Agreableness was associated with coping focused on seeking social support:(p=0.033).ConclusionsOur study showed that conciousness is the most common trait of personality in bipolar disorder patients. The coping focused on the problem is the most frequent strategy which correlated with extraversion, so, personality dimensions appear as a target for cognitive interventions.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Children’s psychiatric medical history. Review
Authors: Solis M.O. , Español F. Vilchez , Dafonte A. Alvarado , Barea M. ValverDe , Fernandez S. Jimenez 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionThe prevalence of mental disorders in children and adolescents varies between 5 and 22%, depending on the methodology, type of interview, samples and inclusion of the disability criterion. Between 4 and 6% of children and adolescents have severe mental disorders.ObjectivesReason for consultation. Current disease Milestones of psychomotor development. The presence of abnormal behaviors, delays in motor development, speech and socialization will be specified. As the child’s behavior depends to a large extent on the context, specific methods should be used to evaluate the child’s behavior at home, at school and in the clinical situation. Complementary exams: Genetic testing. Blood and urine tests, including toxics. EEG, polysomnography and evoked potentials. X-rays, CT-scans, MRI.MethodsThe essential source of medical history is clinical interviews. The semi-structured format is the most recommended by the different authors, because it allows some flexibility in the realization of the story, while providing a baseline to develop the interview (J. Diaz Atienza).ResultsThe diagnostic formulation must be individualized without assigning a categorial psychiatric diagnosis. (Doménech E et al).ConclusionsThe main and irreplaceable evaluation technique remains the medical history. It is important to take into account the reason for consultation and the context of both the child’s family and its ethnic, cultural and ethical characteristics. It is of the utmost importance to have and evaluate the stages of normal development and to adapt to the age that our patient has.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Have we forgotten about heller’s? a case report of childhood disintegrative disorder
Authors: Devan K. , Austin S. , Chakrabarti S. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionWe report on the case of a 15 year old young person with a known diagnosis of autism presenting with a rapid and acute regression in functional abilities, decline in expressive speech and bizarre posturing. The symptoms first started during lockdown (April 2020) with anxiety related to school work followed by urinary incontinence, insomnia, muttering to self and incongruent smiling. Initial medical investigations including MRI, lumbar puncture and 24hour EEG were inconclusive, so she was referred to Paediatric Liaison for assessment.ObjectivesWe demonstrate the value of a child psychiatry liaison service being involved with young people in an acute medical hospitalMethodsThis young person had a thorough psychiatric assessment.ResultsThrough daily psychiatric assessment and reviews with the young person, her parent, social care, wider community team, school and Paediatric Inpatient ward in order to expand on the understanding of the young person and develop a case formulation. She was started on oral Olanzapine 2.5mg which was gradually increased to 10mg OD with minimal improvement.ConclusionsChildhood Disintegrative Disorder (CDD or Heller’s Syndrome) is a rare pervasive disorder presenting as a loss of previously acquired skills after at least two years of normal development. Despite no longer being included in DSM-V, it is important for Psychiatrists to have a working knowledge of CDD and consider other differentials when assessing young people.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder
Authors: Higueras P. Hervias 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionFaced with a possible overdiagnosis of bipolar disorder in children and adolescents, a new diagnosis has been created in the mental illness classification system. This new diagnosis is named Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder.ObjectivesWe propose to carry out a bibliographic review on the new diagnostic category of Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder.MethodsWe present the clinical case of a 10-year-old boy showing severe irritability symptoms.ResultsDisruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder refers to persistent irritability and frequent episodes of extreme behavioral disturbance in children up to 12 years of age. Onset must occur before 10 years of age and the diagnosis should not be applied to children under 6 years of age. The clinical course of these patients in adolescence and adulthood tends towards unipolar depressive disorders or anxiety disorders rather than bipolar disorders.ConclusionsThe new diagnosis of Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder allows us to differentiate between the classic episodic presentations of mania from the non-episodic ones of severe irritability.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Teenage pregnancies resulting from rape in Sri Lanka – lessons learned
Authors: Rohanachandra Y. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionRape resulting in pregnancy warrants special attention due to the associated psychosocial and physical adversities. There are no guidelines for the management of teenage pregnancies resulting from rape in Sri Lanka.ObjectivesThis case series aims to describe the experience of four teenagers who became pregnant as a result of rape in Sri Lanka.MethodsThis is a case series of 4 pregnant teenagers who became pregnant as a result of rapeResultsThis case series highlight the deficiencies in services in Sri Lanka such as lack of legal framework to terminate pregnancy following rape, delay in legal procedure leading to prolonged institutionalization of pregnant teenager, not giving the teenage mothers the choice of breastfeeding and lack of awareness about the psychological consequences of rape and teenage pregnancy.ConclusionsFormulating a national guideline on managing rape related pregnancy in teenagers in Sri Lanka, with the involvement of all stakeholders is a need of the hour.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Child psychiatry expertise in the context of parental separation
Authors: Regaya M. , Guedria A. , Brahim T. , Gaddour N. , Gaha L. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionMarriages’ dissolution phenomenon had increased in recent years in Tunisia. The impact of divorce on children depends on the interweaving of several factors and is not inevitably pathological. We have noticed in our daily practice a concomitant increase in the number of request for expert opinions concerning children.ObjectivesDetermine the clinical children’s profile of separated parents carried out within the framework of legal expertise.MethodsWe carried out a retrospective study in the outpatient child psychiatry ward at Fattouma Bourguiba general hospital in Monastir, Tunisia. Including all the expert reports of children affected by parental separations during a period of two years (2017 to 2019).Results56 children were included in our study. The average age were (6.7 years) with a majority of males (58.2%). School failure concerned (24%). In most cases, the request for expertise was made in the context of mistreatment’s suspicion (60.7%), than following the parents’ separation (16.1%). Concerning the clinical picture: a normal psychiatric examination was found in the majority of cases (55.4%), anxiety symptoms concerned (32.1%). Cases of depression, global developmental delay and autism were also found.ConclusionsAccording to our study, the vast majority of children presented a normal psychiatric examination. Moreover, a preponderant part of the symptoms seemed to result from educational errors. While parental separation poses risks for children, research shows that these negative effects are not the same for everyone. Several factors can reduce these risks and promote children’s resilience. Thus, first-line psychosocial care should be offered for families and children in seprations’ context.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Decrease in brain complexity with methylphenidate treatment in boys diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: An entropy-based qeeg analysis
Authors: Çetin F.H. , Usta M.B. , Aydın S. , Güven A.S. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionAttention deficit hyperactivity (ADHD) disorder is a common childhood neurodevelopmental disorder, and Methylphenidate (MPH) is a first-line therapeutic option for treating ADHD.However, how brain complexity and entropy changes with methylphenidate treatment the clinical implications of possible changes in entropy and the clinical implications of possible changes in entropy have yet to be studied.ObjectivesThis study aimed to reveal how the MPH treatment affects the complexity in the brain of children with ADHD by entropy-based qEEG analysis. In addition, the presence of the relationship between possible neurophysiological changes to be detected with clinical variables and how they are two other important questions of this study to be answered.MethodsDuring eyes-open resting, EEG signals were recorded from 25 boys with ADHD-combined type before MPH administration and at the end of the 1st month of the treatment. Approximate entropy (ApEn), sample entropy (SampEn), permutation entropy (PermEn) were used to analyse.ResultsA statistically significant decrease in entropy level was found with MPH treatment in the F4 channel according to approximate entropy (ApEn) and sample entropy (SampEn) analysis (p<0.05). In addition, according to permutation entropy (PermEn) analysis, the decrease in entropy with MPH treatment in the regions indicated by F3, F4, P4, T3, T6, and O2 channels was found to be statistically significant (p <0.05).ConclusionsThis is the first study to investigate how MPH treatment affects the complexity in the brain of children with ADHD. Entropy-based qEEG analysis may be a new method that can be used in diagnostic, clinical and prognostic predictions in ADHD.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Increase in brain connectivity with methylphenidate treatment in boys diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: A coherence-based qeeg analysis
Authors: Çetin F.H. , Gıca Ş. , Uytun M. Çıkılı , Babadağı Z. , Usta M.B. , Güven A.S. , Işık Y. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionAttention deficit hyperactivity (ADHD) disorder is a common childhood neurodevelopmental disorder, and Methylphenidate (MPH) is a first-line therapeutic option for treating ADHD.However, how brain connectivity changes with methylphenidate treatment have yet to be studied.ObjectivesThis study investigates how the MPH treatment affects the connectivity in the brain of children with ADHD by coherence-based qEEG analysis during rest.MethodsDuring eyes-open resting, EEG signals were recorded from 25 boys with ADHD-combined type before MPH administration and at the end of the 1st month of the treatment. Mutual Information (MI),Coherence Function (COH) and Phase Locking Value (PLV) were used to analyse the changes in brain connectivity.ResultsA statistically significant increase in connectivity level was found with MPH treatment between the F3-F4 channels, P3-P4 channels, F7-F8 channels and T5-T6 channels according to PLV, COH and MI analysis (p<0.001).ConclusionsThis is the first study to investigate how MPH treatment affects the connectivity of the brain of children with ADHD. Coherence-based qEEG analysis may be a new method that can be used in diagnostic, clinical and prognostic predictions in ADHD.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Use of the autism spectrum screening questionnaire for identification of autism spectrum disorders in 8-10 years old georgian children*
Authors: Zirakashvili M. , Mikiashvili T. , Chvamania G. , Mebonia N. , Gabunia M. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionRising prevalence of autism spectrum disorders highlights importance of research priority of development of effective screening procedures for schoolage children.ObjectivesThe study aimed to identify the prevalence of ASD among 8-10 y old schoolchildren in Republic of Georgia.MethodsIn 2019 a cross sectional survey in four main cities of Republic of Georgia was conducted, totally 3rd and 4th grade (8-10 y old) 16654 children from 211 public schools were included. The Autism Spectrum Screening Questionnaire (ASSQ), completed by parents and teachers, was used to determine children at risk for ASD.Results16654 (response rate 74%) parents were agreed to participate in the study. Parents and teachers rated 770 (5.0%) and 669 children (4.9%), respectively, as screen positive (in top five percentile). Cut-off scores for 99-95 percentiles (top 1-5%) was defined. Boys were more likely to be rated screenpositive than girls. Share of boys rated in the top 5% by parents is 5.6% compared to 4.3% of girls. Teachers place boys in the top 5% even more frequently – 6.4% versus 3.4% girls. Pairwise correlation coefficients (0.53) revealed moderate correlations between scores and according to p-values (< 0.05) all correlations were statistically significant.ConclusionsThe study defined the cut-off scores of ASSQ for 8-10 y old Georgian children and gender difference in prevalence of risk for ASD. Using the ASSQ was an effective instrument and could be used in school settings to identify children with special needs. *This work was supported by Shota Rustaveli National Science Foundation of Georgia (SRNSFG), grant - FR-18-304.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Estimation of prevalence of mental health problems in 8-10 years old georgian children by using the strengths and difficulties questionnaire*
Authors: Chvamania G. , Zirakashvili M. , Mikiashvili T. , Mebonia N. , Gabunia M. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionMental health problems are frequent among children and seems to predict mental disorders in adulthood.ObjectivesThe study aimed whether the gender differences affects the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) assessments performed by parents and teachers in Republic of Georgia.MethodsIn 2019 a cross sectional survey in four main cities of Georgia was conducted; Totally 8-10 y old 16654 children from 211 public schools were included. SDQ completed by parents and school teachers was used to determine emotional and behavioral problems among Georgian children.Results16654 (74%) parents out of 22553 were agreed to participate in the study. 1565 (9.39%) children were rated screen positive in top five percentile by either parent or teacher or both of them. Cut-off scores for 99-95 percentiles (top 1-5%) was defined. Boys were more likely to be rated screen positive than girls, especially by teachers: parents rated screen positive 7.5% of females, teachers - 7.2%, while males 9.4% and 11.5% respectively. Pairwise correlation coefficients (0.53) revealed moderate correlations according to p-values (< 0.05) between scores and all correlations were statistically significant.ConclusionsThe study defined the cut-off scores of SDQ for 8-10 y old children and a gender differences in prevalence of mental health problems in Georgia. SDQ could be used in primary healthcare and school settings to identify children with special needs. This work was supported by Shota Rustaveli National Science Foundation of Georgia (SRNSFG), grant - FR-18-304.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Testing the clinical application of the child psychosis-risk screening system (CPSS)
Authors: Hamasaki Y. , Matsuo M. , Sakaue Y. , Sanada R. , Nakayama T. , Michikoshi S. , Ueba S. , Kurimoto N. , Hikida T. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionChildren in a prodromal state manifesting as truancy or social isolation (hikikomori) often complain of problems that are physical in nature and are subject to significant changes. We developed the Child Psychosis-Risk Screening System (CPSS) that incorporates childhood psycho-behavioral characteristics revealed through a retrospective survey of schizophrenia patients into its algorithm.ObjectivesOur research aimed to test the risk identification of pediatric and psychiatric clinic outpatients using the CPSS.MethodsWe conducted an epidemiological study involving 204 outpatients between the ages of 6 and 14 years who had been examined at a pediatric or psychiatric clinic using the CBCL and clinical data from medical charts. Logistic regression analysis and T-tests were performed using each clinical data variable to clarify the risk of the CPSS calculated from the CBCL data and contributing factors.ResultsThe results of the logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the diagnostic category (physical illness or DSM-5 diagnosis) and chief complaint did not contribute to differentiate between the high-risk and low-risk groups. Meanwhile, the environmental factors of “abuse” and “social isolation” did contribute to the discrimination of the two groups.ConclusionsThe fact that the diagnostic category during childhood does not contribute to the discrimination of the high- risk group warrants attention. It is possible that the high-risk group only had a latent endophenotype that had not yet manifested during this period. The factors suggested to have an association with the high-risk group may be reflecting activators and the dynamic state of the critical period for psychosis.DisclosureNo significant relationships.