bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimum economic design of an acetylated gelatinized starch plant from Manihot esculenta Crantz
Authors: Pérez Navarro O. , Acosta Solares Amanda , González Suárez Erenio , Ley Chong Nestor 
Published: July 2022

Due to the technological, energetic and economic impact of spray drying in the production of acetylated gelatinized starch from native starch of Manihot esculenta Crantz (Cassava), the objective of this work is to optimize the dynamic profitability indicators considering as optimization criteria the production capacity and the drying air temperature, and establishing the detailed design of the installation under optimum conditions. A composite central experimental design was generated for the indicators Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR) and Discounted Payback Period (DRP). The regression models of the profitability indicators were optimized by ridgeline analysis through the Response Surface Methodology. For the evaluation of the indicators, the economic indexes of the process were determined, after technological selection, material and energy balances and technological design. The optimum economic variant has an NPV of USD 2 862 010, an IRR of 45,51 % and DRP of 3 years and is reached when 3454,45 tcassava/y are processed and the air feed temperature to the spray dryer is 184 °C, but the energy index is not favorable. An option that adequately combines energy, environmental and technical-economic results can be used by processing 3150 tcassava/y with 130 °C in the air feed to the dryer, reaching favorable economic results with NPV of USD 2 767 166, IRR of 37,99 % and DRP of 3,45 years and drastically reducing fuel consumption, although increasing the size of the spray dryer.
EFFECTS OF FEEDING Lantana camara LEAF HAY ON ANIMAL PERFORMANCE AND HEALTH IN SMALL EAST AFRICA GOAT BREEDS
Authors: Gusha Jacob , Halimani Tinyiko Edward , Ngongoni Nobert Takawira , Mugabe Prisca Hazvinei , Masocha Mhosisi 
Published: July 2022

<p><strong>Background:</strong> <em>Lantana camara</em> is listed as one of the worst invasive species worldwide and is considered poisonous to livestock. However, in invaded Zimbabwean rangelands, voluntary intake by domestic livestock especially goats of this shrub is common, yet, little is understood about the effect of this browse on animal performance. <strong>Objectives:</strong> To assess the effects of feeding graded levels of <em>L. camara</em> (LC) leafy hay on the performance, digestibility, nitrogen balance and microbial protein synthesis in Small East Africa Goat Breeds. <strong>Methodology:</strong> Eighteen, six to ten months old castrated goats with a mean± (SD) weight of 13.6±4.9 kg were randomly assigned to the six treatment diets in a completely randomised design. Each goat was housed separately in a metabolism cage for the entire experimental period of 21 days. <em>Lantana camara</em> leaf hay was incorporated in goat feed as a protein source at 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25% inclusion levels. Commercially bought, goat feed was used as the sixth and control treatment diet. Veld hay was used as a basal diet and water were offered <em>ad-libitum</em>. <strong>Results</strong>: The average daily dry matter intake was above the minimum recommended of 3% of the animal’s metabolic body weight (kg<sup>0.75</sup>). Goats fed on 10%LC consumed significantly lower quantities of hay than 5%LC but were not significantly different from goat feed (GF), 15%LC, 20%LC and 25%LC. Apparent digestibility coefficient values ranged from 62% to 71%. Higher nitrogen intakes was observed with diets that were highly palatable such as commercial goat feed and 5% <em>L. camara</em>. Higher microbial protein supply was observed in groups fed diets with high levels of <em>L. camara</em>. <strong>Implications:</strong> The use of invasive <em>L. camara</em> biomass as a source of goat feed at 5% inclusion is a promising method to control its spread in while addressing the nitrogen deficiencies experienced by livestock that subsist on poor quality feeds in invaded rangelands. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Supplementing goats with <em>L. camara</em> leafy hay improves dry matter feed intake and degradability. Contrary to expectations, no negative effects were observed with <em>L. camara </em>leafy meal inclusion in goats diets at 5 to 25 percent inclusion level.</p>
BIOENERGETICA DEL LANGOSTINO Macrobrachium tenellum (SMITH, 1871) EN FUNCION DE LA SALINIDAD DEL AGUA
Authors: Peraza Gomez Viridiana , Hernandez Sandoval Pedro , Luna Valdez Jesus , Perez-Quinonez Carlos Ivan , Garcia-Guerrero Marcelo Ulises 
Published: July 2022

<p><strong>Background. </strong>The <em>Macrobrachium tenellum</em> prawn is captured and commercialized by local fishermen along its distribution interval. It is considered an euryhaline palemonid prawn. If its cultivation is wanted, the best conditions for its growth and reproduction should be investigated, including proper intervals of temperature, salinity, density and dissolved oxygen. <strong>Objective.</strong> To determine the effect of two different salinities (0 and 15PSU) on the physiological rates that balance the energy equation in <em>M. tenellum</em> adults and to determine if energy use is more efficient under isosmotic conditions. <strong>Methodology</strong>. Specimens were collected in Guasave, Sinaloa, Mexico, in July 2018 and taken to the Aquaculture Laboratory at UAdeO. The energy balance was calculated in hyposmotic (0 PSU) and isosmotic (15 PSU) conditions at preferred temperature (28.5 ± 1 ° C). The energy invested in respiration and excretion, the feces lost and the ingested food and the growth potential was calculated using a semi-open respirometer. <strong>Results.</strong> The highest energy expenditure occurred in the respiratory rate (routine metabolism), then feces production and finally ammonia production in both salinities. The highest total energy expenditure was observed in fresh water. The highest amount of energy directed to the growth or reproduction was observed in brackish water (15 PSU), as well as the highest rate of food ingestion. <strong>Implications.</strong> Knowledge on the use of energy in the feed in the best saline condition for its cultivation useful for culture purposes. <strong>Conclusion.</strong> The saline condition in where more energy is channeled for the growth of <em>M. tenellum</em> is 15UPS (isosmotic point) and in it is also in where less energy is spent.</p>
THE BLACKBERRY BREEDING PROGRAM OF “EMBRAPA CLIMA TEMPERADO”: AN UPDATE
Authors: Raseira Maria Do Carmo Bassols , Franzon Rodrigo Cezar , Nardino Maicon , Carpenedo Silvia , Corrêa Elisia Rodrigues 
Published: July 2022

<p><strong>Background</strong>: In terms of breeding perennial plants, the Embrapa's blackberry breeding program is relatively recent. It started between the end of the 1970s and beginning of the 1980s with a very limited number of cultivars plus a fairly good number of seeds from hybridizations made at the University of Arkansas, USA. <strong>Objective</strong>:<strong> </strong>this paper aim to present, in a summarized way, the current stage and recent achievements regarding the top priorities of the breeding program <strong>Methodology: </strong>Controlled hybridizations is the main method used and adaptation to mild winters conditions besides a higher ratio (sugar/acid contents) are among the main objectives. <strong>Results: </strong>Other objectives include high productivity, large size and firm fruits, good post-harvest conservation, erect, thornless canes and harvest period at different time of ‘Tupy,’ the most important one, in Brazil. <strong>Implications:</strong> It is believed that in the coming years, the Brazilian market will learn to like fresh blackberry, mainly considering the release of ‘BRS Cainguá’ and others that hopefully will follow. <strong>Conclusion: </strong>The present status of the program and achievements related to the main goals are discussed. Advanced selections with potential to become a future cultivar are briefly described, emphasizing next probable releases.</p>
TALBINAH-21: PAKISTAN’S FIRST HULL-LESS, HIGH YIELDING AND LODGING TOLERANT BARLEY VARIETY
Authors: AHMAD JAVED , TABASSUM MUHAMMAD IJAZ , OWAIS MUHAMMAD , RIAZ MUHAMMAD , NADEEM MAJID , ABDULLAH MUHAMMAD , SHAIR HIRA , GULNAZ SAIMA , GHAFOOR IQRA , JAVED AHSAN , MAHMOOD AZHAR 
Published: July 2022

Talbinah-21, a first hull-less barley variety was prepared at Wheat Research Institute (WRI), Ayub Agricultural Research Institute (AARI), Faisalabad Punjab-Pakistan during 2021 and released for irrigated and moisture stress areas of Punjab as well. The proposed genotype with parental AGER/2*PETUNIA 1 with pedigree CBSW01WM00121T-0TOPY-4M-1Y-1M-1Y-OM-0AP was earmarked due to promising hull-less line and selected from the exotic breeding materials ‘’International Naked Barley Yield Trial (INBYT)’’ during 2014-15. This trial was received from International Centre for Agricultural Research in Dry Areas (ICARDA), Terbol, Lebanon, through National Wheat Coordinator, National Agricultural Research Centre (NARC), Islamabad. Although, the yield performance was not up to the mark with respect to local check Jau-83, but the Entry No 12 expressed itself a promising hull-less line and acclimatised completely well among all 25 entries in the said trials.
So, keeping in view the expressivity of the line, it was added and evaluated with the variety code of B-15006 for yield performance in regular yield trial for one year during 2015-16 and in Provincial Uniform Barley Yield Trial (PUBYT) for continuous two years during 2016-17 to 2017-18. It performed better than commercial check variety of Haider-93 by 3.78% more yield in regular yield trial and 22.41 and 8.04% high grain yield in provincial trials during both years. In national uniform barley yield trial, the purposed hull-less line also excelled the yield than the check variety by 1.72% in 2018-19 and 12.9% in 2019-20. It performed also best under rainfed areas by giving 3.76% more yield than the check during 2017-18 and 23% during 2018-19.
Disease, infestation was also found resistant. The seed is amber in colour with shape of elliptical. Protein content in the proposed genotype is ranging from 12-14.4% while thousand grain weight was found from 37-40 gram. It was found lodging tolerant and shattering resistant. The mentioned genotype (Talbinah-21) was approved in 2021 by Punjab Seed Council (PSC) for different ecological zones across the province for general cultivation.
The determinants of patient care manager role and the implementation of COVID-19 clinical pathway: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Aziz Alimul Hidayat Abdul , Chen Wen-Ling , Nor Rahimah Mohd , Uliyah Musrifatul , Badriyah Fatin Lailatul , Ubudiyah Masunatul 
Published: July 2022

Objective
This study aims to determine the factors associated with patient care manager role and the implementation of the clinical pathway among nurses in private hospitals.

Methods
This study was conducted from January–July 2021 using the cross-sectional approach. The sample consisted of 168 nurses working in a private hospital in Surabaya City, East Java, Indonesia. Meanwhile, the data were collected using the Patient Care Manager Role Scale (PCMRS) and analyzed by multiple logistic regression to find the correlation between the variables.

Results
A higher percentage of nurses namely 64.3% had compliance in COVID-19 clinical pathways with an average PCMRS score of 27.81 ± 2.43. Nurses with a high-level patient care manager role level had a significant compliance risk with odds ratio [OR] 440.137, 95% confidence interval [CI] [51.850–3736.184], and p-value = 0.000 compared to those with a low role.

Conclusion
The role of patient care manager and compliance with COVID-19 clinical pathways correlated significantly. Based on the results, several actions are needed for the early identification of patient service managers’ roles to ensure compliance with COVID-19 clinical pathways and reduce the number of cases in Indonesia.
Design and Development of an Internet of things Based Glucometer with Wireless Transmission
Authors: Okafor Sixtus A. , Arukalam Felicity M. , Ekuma Innocent C. , Eziefuna Ebere O. , Ihetu Chimdinma A. , Okey-Mbata Chioma C. , Ezeamaku Uchenna L. , Iheaturu Nnamdi C. , Okafor Aforma L. 
Published: July 2022

Diabetes is one of the top non-communicable illnesses of public health importance. 6.4% of world population is reported to have diabetes mellitus with the figure, feared to double by 2040. Nigeria has estimated 1.6 million cases in 2015, which ranked her the third diabetes endemic country in Africa. Diabetes complication is a known leading cause of the disease high mortality rates and healthcare burden on developing economies. Daily monitoring of blood sugar levels, however, is an effective way to prevent diabetes complications. Glucometer is a simple device used for blood glucose monitoring. The aim of this study was to design and use locally sourced materials to fabricate a cheap digital glucometer that will be able to measure blood glucose levels and sends a distress signal to medics and caregivers via wireless transmission.The method employed includes programming, calibration, assembling, component testing, and the overall device test. The device is equipped with an Atmega32 microcontroller, One-Touch Ultra glucose sensor, a GSM module, emergency button, and internet of things (IoT). Our device and a conventional device (Accuchek) were used to measure the blood sugar level of 200 individuals in groups of 5, the data were analyzed using SPSS2.0 and Microsoft Excel 2010.The p-value was (>0.05) indicating no significant difference between the data generated by our device and the conventional glucometer, while the coefficient of determination (R2) was 0.9838. From the results above, we conclude that our fabricatrd device is effective and reliable.
The Assessment of the Allium sativum and Tamarix aphylla Comparative and Combined Antioxidant Potential
Authors: Ullah Shahid , Khan Fahim Ullah , Zaman Laiq , Abbas Saira , Shah Mir Sadiq , Rehman Jamil Ur , Mangi Autif Hussain , Khan Abdu Razzaq , Khan Batab , Rani Surayia Shahab , Gul Sana , Khattak Adnan 
Published: July 2022

Many diseases, including cancer and diabetes mellitus, are caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS). Allium sativum (Garlic) contains vitamins A, B, and C, as well as effective drugs like insulin, alliin, mineral salts, mucilages, allicin, and volatile oils. Garlic has antioxidant properties which showed a therapeutic effect on some cancer types. The overall goal of this study was to conduct pharmacological testing to assess the combined antioxidant abilities of Allium sativum (cloves) methanolic and Tamarix aphylla (leaves) extracts. The extract demonstrated garlic activities in a dose-dependent manner, with scavenging activity of 21, 32, and 39% at different concentrations of 100, 500, and 1000 µg/mL.
The antioxidant activity of Tamarix aphylla methanolic extract was 29, 37, and 62% using the DPPH free radical scavenging assay at different concentrations of 100, 500, and 1000 µg/mL. However, combining extracts revealed the greatest scavenging activity at various concentrations of 100, 500, and 1000 µg/mL. By using the DPPH free radical scavenging assay, the combined methanolic extract of Tamarix aphylla and Allium sativum demonstrated substantial antioxidant activity of 45, 65, and 75% at concentrations of 100, 500, and 1000 µg/mL. According to our findings, the combined therapy of Tamarix aphylla and Allium sativum significantly inhibited DPPH free radicals. Tamarix aphylla and Allium sativum combined therapy may play an important role in the inhibition of free radicals that cause cancer.
Predictors of Pain Reduction Among Fibromyalgia Patients Using Medical Cannabis: A Long‐Term Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Sotoodeh Romina , Waldman Lilach Eyal , Vigano Antonio , Moride Yola , Canac‐Marquis Michelle , Spilak Tristan , Gamaoun Rihab , Kalaba Maja , Hachem Yasmina , Beaulieu Pierre , Desroches Julie , Ware Mark A. , Perez Jordi , Shir Yoram , Fitzcharles Mary‐Ann , Martel Marc O. 
Published: July 2022

ObjectiveMany patients with fibromyalgia (FM) report using cannabis as a strategy to improve pain. Given that pain often co‐occurs with symptoms of anxiety and depression (i.e., negative affect) and sleep problems among patients with FM, improvements in these symptoms might indirectly contribute to reductions in pain intensity following cannabis use. The main objective of the study was to examine whether changes in pain intensity following initiation of medical cannabis among patients with FM could be attributed to concurrent changes (i.e., reductions) in negative affect and sleep problems.MethodsThis was a 12‐month prospective cohort study among patients with FM (n = 323) initiating medical cannabis under the care of physicians. Patients were assessed at baseline, and follow‐up assessment visits occurred every 3 months after initiation of medical cannabis. Patients’ levels of pain intensity, negative affect, and sleep problems were assessed across all visits.ResultsMultilevel mediation analyses indicated that reductions in patients’ levels of pain intensity were partly explained by concurrent reductions in sleep problems and negative affect (both P < 0.001). This remained significant even when accounting for patients’ baseline characteristics or changes in medical cannabis directives over time (all P > 0.05).ConclusionOur findings provide preliminary insight into the potential mechanisms of action underlying pain reductions among patients with FM who are using medical cannabis. Given the high attrition rate (i.e., 75%) observed in the present study at 12 months, our findings cannot be generalized to all patients with FM who are using medical cannabis.
High‐Throughput Screening of Bicationic Redox Materials for Chemical Looping Ammonia Synthesis
Authors: Fan Jiaxin , Li Wenxian , Li Sean , Yang Jack 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAmmonia recently has gained increasing attention as a carrier for the efficient and safe usage of hydrogen to further advance the hydrogen economy. However, there is a pressing need to develop new ammonia synthesis techniques to overcome the problem of intense energy consumption associated with the widely used Haber–Bosch process. Chemical looping ammonia synthesis (CLAS) is a promising approach to tackle this problem, but the ideal redox materials to drive these chemical looping processes are yet to be discovered. Here, by mining the well‐established MP database, the reaction free energies for CLAS involving 1699 bicationic inorganic redox pairs are screened to comprehensively investigate their potentials as efficient redox materials in four different CLAS schemes. A state‐of‐the‐art machine learning strategy is further deployed to significantly widen the chemical space for discovering the promising redox materials from more than half a million candidates. Most importantly, using the three‐step H2O‐CL as an example, a new metric is introduced to determine bicationic redox pairs that are “cooperatively enhanced” compared to their corresponding monocationic counterparts. It is found that bicationic compounds containing a combination of alkali/alkaline‐earth metals and transition metal (TM)/post‐TM/metalloid elements are compounds that are particularly promising in this respect.
A consolidated review on stem cell therapy for treatment and management of Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Ahmad Faizan , Sachdeva Punya 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAlzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most common forms of dementia and affects around 50 million people around the globe. AD is diagnosed mainly through imaging techniques and to date only five drugs are approved for management of AD but no promising treatment is available for AD. So in this review, we are focusing on stem cell therapy for AD. This review will cover all stem cells like mesenchymal stem cells, embryonic stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells, and neural stem cells. Clinical trials of AD have also been discussed. Finally, limitations of stem cells are discussed with ongoing clinical trials, and in the future stem cell therapy can be used for treatment of AD.
Additional hominoid fossils from the early Miocene of the Lothidok Formation, Kenya
Authors: Rossie James B. , Cote Susanne M. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectivesHominoid fossils are abundant at early Miocene fossil sites in the Lothidok Range, located directly west of Lake Turkana in northern Kenya. The West Turkana Miocene Project (WTMP) has worked in the Lothidok Range since 2008 with the goal of further elucidating the paleobiology of the hominoids through the recovery of new specimens and detailed documentation of their paleoecological context. To date our research has focused largely on the Kalodirr and Moruorot Site Complexes, both radiometrically dated to ~17.5–16.8 Ma.Materials and MethodsOur ongoing fieldwork at the Kalodirr Site Complex resulted in the discovery of new dentognathic specimens of the three previously identified species of fossil hominoids—Turkanapithecus kalakolensis, Simiolus enjiessi, and Afropithecus turkanensis.ResultsA new mandible and an isolated M3 of T. kalakolensis from Kalodirr further clarify the lower molar morphology of the species and permit identification of KNM‐MO 1 as a mandible of T. kalakolensis. A new mandible of S. enjiessi provides evidence of the relative proportions of the first and second lower molars. A new male specimen of A. turkanensis shows unusual P4 morphology that may be a developmental anomaly or a previously unknown morphological variant.DiscussionAn improved understanding of the lower molar morphology of T. kalakolensis further strengthens its identification as a nyanzapithecine. Our new specimens and subsequent re‐identification of existing collections makes it clear that all three Lothidok hominoids are known from both the Moruorot and Kalodirr Site Complexes. The Lothidok Range holds great promise for further documenting hominoid evolution.
Stable Monodisperse Pb1−xCdxS Quantum Dots for NIR‐II Bioimaging by Aqueous Coprecipitation of Bimetallic Clusters
Authors: Zhang Hui , Sun Caixia , Sun Libo , Xu Wenhao , Wu Wenxiao , Chen Jie , Wang Binhang , Yu Junlai , Cui Pengfei , Zhang Fan , Tang Yun 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAqueous lead sulfide (PbS) quantum dots (QDs) synthesized by traditional methods are unstable, so that they are usually coated with cadmium sulfide (CdS) to prevent oxidation, which are complicated and not satisfactory for mass production. Here, stable ternary Pb1−xCdxS QDs were synthesized by in situ coprecipitation of Pb4−nCdnO4 bimetallic clusters in an aqueous solution, which possess a uniform size of 4.0±0.2 nm and the second near‐infrared (NIR‐II) emission at 1100 nm with photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) as high as 17.72 %. Stored at 4 °C and in colloidal form, the PLQY of Pb1−xCdxS QDs remained at 90.9 % of the initial value after 15 days, while stored as powder, the spectra did not change after 5 months. The high PLQY and good water compatibility of Pb1−xCdxS QDs provide a good performance in vivo vasculature imaging and lymphatic system imaging at a very low power density (10 mW cm−2) in the NIR‐II window.