bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative study on the effects of water pressure on water absorption of ultra‐high molecular weight polyethylene and polyformaldehyde
Authors: Chen Song , Bao Xiangcai , Wang Zhiheng , Rong Xiangbin , Zhang Xiaohong , Li Chao , Wang Xinyu , Wei Lei 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe water absorption of ultra‐high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) and polyformaldehyde (POM) in different hydrostatic pressure has been investigated by means of high pressure immerse experiments and molecular dynamics simulation. Experiment results showed that water absorption of UHMWPE and POM tended to decrease with the rise of environmental pressure of water within 0 ~ 3 MPa. Water absorption of POM was far greater than UHMWPE under all kinds of hydraulic pressure. When the pressure is 3 MPa, the water absorption of POM is reduced by about 15.2% compared with that under normal pressure, while that of UHMWPE is reduced by about 41.64%. Simulation results showed that water molecules were bonded with UHMWPE molecular chain by means of Van der Waals force, and water molecules were bonded with POM molecular chain by means of Van der Waals force and hydrogen bonds, which provided potent theoretical support for the water absorption properties of UHMWPE and POM.
The challenges of bird conservation on an intermittent karst lake: The interplay between changing water level and agriculture
Authors: Kmecl Primož , Gamser Matej , Ploj Alen , Jančar Tomaž 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Intermittent karst lakes are important for forming wetland habitats in otherwise dry karstic landscapes. With characteristic water regimes they are unable to retain water owing to their underground drainage system.

Many Dinaric intermittent karst lakes (karst poljes) have gone through severe human disturbances in the past, aimed at fluctuating water levels in karst poljes. These measures had the goal of achieving either permanent dry agricultural land or permanent lakes for various purposes. Usually dams were built for water storage to achieve these goals.

This research aimed to determine the population responses of bird species that are important for conservation, to water level changes on Cerknica Lake (Slovenia), a large Dinaric intermittent karst lake, to inform effective conservation for such systems.

Water level and vegetation were strong drivers of waterbird diversity and abundance, based on analysis using canonical correspondence analysis and boosted regression trees.

Water level was critical for the conservation of important bird species. Water and reed specialists (e.g. water rail Rallus aquaticus) require management of refugia in wetlands to create mosaics of water and reedbeds. The formation of nature reserves, quiet zones and habitat restoration is needed for these specialist species. In these areas, mowing should be limited or not present at all.

Measures dealing with land‐use change and connectivity between habitats, for instance agri‐environmental measures, are more appropriate for rare bird species with wider niche breadths (but still narrower than generalists), e.g. skylark (Alauda arvensis) and linnet (Linaria cannabina).
Contrast‐enhanced micro‐computed tomography of compartment and time‐dependent changes in femoral cartilage and subchondral plate in a murine model of osteoarthritis
Authors: Chan Deva D. , Mashiatulla Maleeha , Li Jun , Ross Ryan D. , Pendyala Meghana , Patwa Amit , Grinstaff Mark W. , Plaas Anna , Sumner D. Rick 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA lack of understanding of the mechanisms underlying osteoarthritis (OA) progression limits the development of effective long‐term treatments. Quantitatively tracking spatiotemporal patterns of cartilage and bone degeneration is critical for assessment of more appropriately targeted OA therapies. In this study, we use contrast‐enhanced micro‐computed tomography (μCT) to establish a timeline of subchondral plate (SCP) and cartilage changes in the murine femur after destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM). We performed DMM or sham surgery in 10–12‐week‐old male C57Bl/6J mice. Femora were imaged using μCT after 0, 2, 4, or 8 weeks. Cartilage‐optimized scans were performed after immersion in contrast agent CA4+. Bone mineral density distribution (BMDD), cartilage attenuation, SCP, and cartilage thickness and volume were measured, including lateral and medial femoral condyle and patellar groove compartments. As early as 2 weeks post‐DMM, cartilage thickness significantly increased and cartilage attenuation, SCP volume, and BMDD mean significantly decreased. Trends in cartilage and SCP metrics within each joint compartment reflected those seen in global measurements, and both BMDD and SCP thickness were consistently greater in the lateral and medial condyles than the patellar groove. Sham surgery also resulted in significant changes to SCP and cartilage metrics, highlighting a potential limitation of using surgical models to study tissue morphology or composition changes during OA progression. Contrast‐enhanced μCT analysis is an effective tool to monitor changes in morphology and composition of cartilage, and when combined with bone‐optimized μCT, can be used to assess the progression of degenerative changes after joint injury.
Mesoscale Mechanism of P‐dopant Defects and Interface Synergy for Phenols Degradation
Authors: Zhang Kaiqi , Song Hongyan , An Zhe , Zhang Jian , Zhu Yanru , Chai Zhigang , Shu Xin , He Jing 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe semiconductor based photocatalysis has become a hot spot of current research, and the key challenges are the construction of strong functional heterojunction photocatalysts, and insights on the working mechanism involved. In this work, we constructed a NiFe‐ LDHs/P‐TCN heterojunction with P‐dopant defects and interface synergy and elucidated its mesoscale mechanism among different constituent interfaces. The interface photoelectron transfer was detected by PAS, EPR and other methods, and the enhancing mechanism of the defect sites for interface electron transfer and photocatalytic activity was proposed. The interfacial electrons, photoelectric properties and photocatalytic activity are found to be positively correlated. The result is conducive for a better understanding on working mechanism of heterogeneous photocatalysts, which opened a broader research space for the rational design and construction of functional interfaces.
An example of parenchymal renal sparing in the context of complex malformations due to a novel mutation in the PBX1 gene
Authors: Ruscitti Federica , Cerminara Maria , Iascone Maria , Pezzoli Laura , Rosti Giulia , Romano Ferruccio , Ronchetto Patrizia , Martucciello Giuseppe , Buratti Silvia , Buffelli Francesca , Bocciardi Renata , Puliti Aldamaria , Divizia Maria Teresa 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIntroductionPBX1 encodes the pre‐B cell leukemia factor 1, a Three Amino acid Loop Extension (TALE) transcription factor crucial to regulate basic developmental processes. PBX1 loss‐of‐function variants have been initially described in association with renal malformations in both isolated and syndromic forms.Case reportHerein, we report a male infant presenting multiple organ malformations (cleidosternal dysostosis, micrognathia, left lung hypoplasia, wide interatrial defect, pulmonary hypertension, total anomalous pulmonary venous return, intestinal malrotation) and carrying the heterozygous de novo c.868C > T (p.Arg290Trp) variant in PBX1. This novel variant affects the highly conserved homeodomain of the protein, leading to a non‐conservative substitution and consequently altering its tridimensional structure and DNA‐binding capacity.ConclusionSo far, PBX1 has been reported in association with a broad spectrum of renal anomalies. However, given the role of this gene in many different developing processes, whole‐exome sequencing can detect mutations in PBX1 even in patients with different phenotypes, not necessarily involving the renal primordium. This report presents a novel PBX1 variant with a predicted strong deleterious effect. The mutation leads to a non‐conservative substitution in a very highly conserved domain of the protein, thus altering its tertiary structure and DNA‐binding capacity.
Teaching study skills to college students using checklist training
Authors: Kong Sarah T. , Stocco Corey S. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractDeficits in the study skills of college students can lead to lower academic performance and disqualification. Although behavior analytic research has evaluated strategies for improving student performance in the classroom, no studies have evaluated methods for improving study skills outside of the classroom. We evaluated the effects of a training package that consisted of instructions, written checklists, picture models, and performance feedback using a multiple probe design across skill sets of college students. We taught four college students how to set up their study environment, take notes on readings, and self‐test using their notes from readings. All participants exhibited improvements in targeted study skills during training, and three of four participants achieved mastery within two training sessions per skill set. Acquisition of targeted skill sets corresponded with increased scores on quizzes that assessed learning from the readings. Moreover, participants found the goals and procedures acceptable and the outcomes satisfactory.
Morphology of lignin structures on fiber surfaces after organosolv pretreatment
Authors: Joseph Prajin , Ottesen Vegar , Opedal Mihaela Tanase , Moe Størker T. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe redeposition of lignin to the fiber surface after organosolv pretreatment was studied using two different reactor types. Results from the conventional autoclave reactor suggest that redeposition occurs during the cooling down stage. Redeposited particles appeared to be spherical in shape. The size and population density of the particles depends on the concentration of organosolv lignin in the cooking liquor, which is consistent with the hypothesis that reprecipitation of lignin occurs when the system is cooled down. The use of a displacement reactor showed that displacing the spent cooking liquor with fresh cooking liquor helps in reducing the redeposition and the inclusion of a washing stage with fresh cooking liquor reduced the reprecipitation of lignin, particularly on the outer fiber surfaces. Redeposition of lignin was still observed on regions that were less accessible to washing liquid, such as fiber lumens, suggesting that complete prevention of redeposition was not achieved.
Multiorgan‐on‐a‐chip for realization of gut‐skin axis
Authors: Lee Hye Ri , Sung Jong Hwan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe concept of physiological link between the gut and the skin, known as the gut‐skin axis, has been gaining more evidence recently. Although experimental data from animal and human studies support the existence of the gut‐skin axis, in vitro model platforms that can test the hypothesis are lacking. Organ‐on‐a‐chip offers the possibility of connecting different tissues and recapitulating interactions between them. In this study, we report a multiorgan chip that can capture the basic interorgan communication between the gut and the skin. Its modular design enables separate culture and differentiation of the gut and skin tissues, and after assembly the two organs are connected via microfluidic channels than enables perfusion and mass transfer. We showed that the impairment of the gut barrier function exacerbated the adverse effect of fatty acids on skin cells, with decreased viability, increased level of cytokine secretion and human beta defensin‐2 (hBD‐2), an inflammatory dermal disease marker. Based on these results, we believe that our multiorgan chip can be a novel in vitro platform for recapitulating complex mechanisms underlying the gut‐skin axis.
Engineering of reaction specificity, enantioselectivity, and catalytic activity of nitrilase for highly efficient synthesis of pregabalin precursor
Authors: Lu Xia‐Feng , Diao Hong‐Juan , Wu Zhe‐Ming , Zhang Zi‐Long , Zheng Ren‐Chao , Zheng Yu‐Guo 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSimultaneous evolution of multiple enzyme properties remains challenging in protein engineering. A chimeric nitrilase (BaNITM0) with high activity towards isobutylsuccinonitrile (IBSN) was previously constructed for biosynthesis of pregabalin precursor (S)‐3‐cyano‐5‐methylhexanoic acid ((S)‐CMHA). However, BaNITM0 also catalyzed the hydration of IBSN to produce by‐product (S)‐3‐cyano‐5‐methylhexanoic amide. To obtain industrial nitrilase with vintage performance, we carried out engineering of BaNITM0 for simultaneous evolution of reaction specificity, enantioselectivity, and catalytic activity. The best variant V82L/M127I/C237S (BaNITM2) displayed higher enantioselectivity (E = 515), increased enzyme activity (5.4‐fold) and reduced amide formation (from 15.8% to 1.9%) compared with BaNITM0. Structure analysis and molecular dynamics simulations indicated that mutation M127I and C237S restricted the movement of E66 in the catalytic triad, resulting in decreased amide formation. Mutation V82L was incorporated to induce the reconstruction of the substrate binding region in the enzyme catalytic pocket, engendering the improvement of stereoselectivity. Enantio‐ and regio‐selective hydrolysis of 150 g/L IBSN using 1.5 g/L Escherichia coli cells harboring BaNITM2 as biocatalyst afforded (S)‐CMHA with >99.0% ee and 45.9% conversion, which highlighted the robustness of BaNITM2 for efficient manufacturing of pregabalin.
Thinking too much: How young people experience rumination in the context of loneliness
Authors: Yun Rumi Chloe , Fardghassemi Sam , Joffe Hélène 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe recent rise in the prevalence of loneliness, particularly among young adults, coupled with its deleterious effects on wellbeing, makes understanding the issue of pressing concern. As most research on loneliness has focused on older adults, this study explored how 48 young adults aged 18–24 subjectively experienced loneliness through free association‐based interviews. Participants were sampled from the four most deprived boroughs in London, as area deprivation has been associated with a higher prevalence of loneliness. This facilitates understanding of contributors and consequences of loneliness within this demographic group. In particular, the focus is on rumination arising from loneliness; while the link between the two is well‐established quantitively, research into rumination and the context of ruminative thoughts in the context of loneliness remains sparse. Thus, this study aimed to understand the subjective experience of rumination in young adults whilst they experienced loneliness. Thematic analysis of interviews using ATLAS.ti 9 revealed five themes capturing these experiences: ‘temporal experience of rumination’, ‘ruminating life and death’, ‘rumination related to others’, ‘outcomes of rumination’ and ‘coping with loneliness‐related rumination’. Based upon knowledge of the nature and content of rumination, further research could devise models of rumination and interventions targeted at rumination such as mindfulness meditation, journaling and engaging in prosocial behaviour, to mitigate the adverse effects loneliness can have on wellbeing.
Rendezvous endoscopy using a transillumination fashion as a feasible and safe alternative to endoscopic ultrasound‐guided recanalization in case of complete anastomotic stricture
Authors: Bisogni Damiano , Talamucci Luca , Manetti Roberto 
Published: June 2022

AbstractComplete colorectal anastomotic strictures are rare and difficult to solve surgical complications. In case of failure of endoscopic ultrasound‐guided recanalization (usually the first choice treatment), rendezvous maneuver using a transillumination fashion represents a feasible and safe procedure to reconstitute the completely obstructed colonic lumen.
Acute lithiasis cholangitis in pregnant women: About three cases
Authors: Mahjoubi Mohamed Farès , Dhaou Anis Ben , Karoui Yasser , Rezgui Bochra , Essid Nada , Moussa Mounir Ben 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAcute lithiasis cholangitis is a rare non‐obstetric emergency during pregnancy, which may threaten fetus and mother's life. It requires a codified management in order to avoid complications. In this current study, we aimed to report our center experience in the management of acute lithiasis cholangitis occurring in three pregnant women.
Occult breast cancer metastasis to the thyroid gland: Case report
Authors: Gharib Masoumeh , Nosrati Fatemeh , Vedad Parisa 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThyroid metastases of occult breast cancer are very rare. A 48‐year‐old female patient presented with chronic bone pain, bone, liver and thyroid nodules, and pleural effusion. Histopathological result of the thyroid showed poorly differentiated papillary thyroid carcinoma. However, clinical laboratory and immunohistochemistry studies showed breast origin of the thyroid lesion.
Definition, Characterization, and Modeling of Hybrid Modular‐Monolithic Process Plants
Authors: Markaj Artan , Fay Alexander , Kockmann Norbert 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe modularization of production plants and their automation in the pharmaceutical and (bio‐)chemical industry is currently gaining attention and is subject of standardization efforts. The combination of modular and monolithic (bio‐)chemical plants and related engineering processes, i.e., hybrid process plants and hybrid engineering, respectively, offers advantages in production flexibility and time to operation. However, combining the different approaches is full of hurdles and unsolved issues. In this paper, hybrid process plants are defined and characterized in a process systems framework. Modeling and simulation requirements are elaborated for the engineering workflow of hybrid process plants. The contribution concludes with summarizing current research topics and pointing to a future research agenda.
PROTOCOL: Digital interventions to reduce social isolation and loneliness in older adults: An evidence and gap map
Authors: Welch Vivian , Ghogomu Elizabeth Tanjong , Barbeau Victoria I. , Boulton Elisabeth , Boutin Sabrina , Haitas Niobe , Kneale Dylan , Salzwedel Douglas M. , Simard Roger , Herbert Paul , Mikton Christopher 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis is the protocol for a Campbell evidence and gap map. The objectives are as follows: the aim is to map available evidence on the effects of digital interventions to mitigate social isolation and/or loneliness in older adults in all settings except hospital settings.
The potential of developing a protective peptide‐based vaccines against SARS‐CoV‐2
Authors: Shalash Ahmed O. , Toth Istvan , Skwarczynski Mariusz 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCOVID‐19 pandemic has been the deadliest infectious disease outbreak since Spanish flu. The emerging variant lineages, decay of neutralizing antibodies, and occur of reinfections require the development of highly protective and safe vaccines. As currently approved COVID‐19 vaccines that utilize virus‐related genetic material are less than ideal, other vaccine types have been also widely investigated. Among them, peptide‐based vaccines hold great promise in countering COVID‐19 as they may overcome most of the shortcomings of RNA/DNA and protein vaccines. Two basic types of potential peptide vaccines can be developed. The first type are those which rely on cytotoxic T‐cell (CTL) responses to kill infected host cells and stop the replication via employing CTL‐epitopes as vaccine antigens. The second type of peptide vaccines are those that rely on B‐cell peptide epitopes to trigger humoral response via generating SARS‐CoV‐2‐specific antibodies to neutralize and/or opsonize the virus. We propose that combining both cellular and humoral immune responses would be highly protective. Here we discuss opportunities and challenges in the development of an effective and safe peptide‐based vaccine against COVID‐19.
Species distributions and the recognition of risk in restoration planning: A case study of salmonid fishes
Authors: Walther Eric J. , Zimmerman Mara S. , Falke Jeffrey A. , Westley Peter A. H. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractOne of the risks faced by habitat restoration practitioners is whether habitats included in restoration planning will be used by the target species or, conversely, whether habitats excluded from restoration planning would have benefited the target species. With the goal of providing a quantitative decision‐making approach that represented varying levels of risk tolerance, we used multiple probability decision thresholds (PDT) to predict the range of occurrence for three anadromous fishes (Oncorhynchus spp.) in a watershed in southwestern Washington, USA. For each species, we compared the predicted range of occurrence to the distribution used for restoration planning and quantified the amount of habitat blocked by anthropogenic barriers. Coho salmon (O. kisutch) had the broadest predicted range of occurrence (3061.6–6357.9 km; 0.75–0.25 PDT), followed by steelhead trout (O. mykiss; 1828.8–2836.8 km) and chum salmon (O. keta; 1373.9–1629.1 km). For each species, the predicted range of occurrence was similar or greater than the distribution used for restoration planning, suggesting that the current plan may exclude habitats that would benefit each species. Coho salmon had the greatest percentage of habitat blocked by anthropogenic barriers, followed by steelhead trout and chum salmon, respectively. Modeling species distributions at multiple risk‐tolerance scenarios acknowledges uncertainty in restoration planning and allows practitioners to weigh the ecological benefits and budgetary constraints when considering locations for restoration. To effectively communicate restoration science to support practitioners in decision‐making, we developed an R Shiny application online user interface available at: https://shiny.wdfw-fish.us/ChehalisRiverBasinSalmonidRangeOfOccurence/.
Productivity of riparian Populus forests: Satellite assessment along a prairie river with an environmental flow regime
Authors: Zimmerman Oscar R. , Rood Stewart B. , Flanagan Lawrence B. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn semiarid regions, the growth and survival of cottonwoods (riparian Populus species) depend on river water supplementing the limited precipitation. Indicators of growth and productivity are needed to assess how altered streamflow regimes on regulated rivers impact cottonwood trees and the riparian forest ecosystems they support. We used satellite imagery from the Landsat program to make historical (1984–2020) assessments of ecosystem productivity in a riparian cottonwood forest along a regulated prairie river in southern Alberta, Canada, with an environmental flow regime that increased the minimum flows implemented in 1993. A version of the near‐infrared reflectance of vegetation scaled with incoming sunlight (NIRvP) was calculated from Landsat images to provide a proxy for primary production. Near‐infrared reflectance of vegetation scaled with incoming sunlight was correlated strongly with gross primary production measurements from eddy covariance and basal area increment measurements from tree ring analyses, supporting its use as a practical proxy. The lowest NIRvP values occurred in drought years with low flows and dry weather during the growing season, while the highest values occurred in wet years with high flows, including floods. Across all years, NIRvP was positively correlated with streamflow and a weather‐driven soil moisture index. This indicated that ecosystem productivity was limited by water supply, which is sourced from river water and local precipitation. Subsequently, cottonwood forests in this region would be vulnerable to drought from declines in streamflow, due to climatic variations or human water withdrawals, and reductions in shallow soil moisture from limited local precipitation. This satellite proxy should be broadly applicable and can provide a diagnostic indicator for assessing riparian forest health and responses to varying weather, changing climate, and streamflow regulation.