bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ordovician and Silurian Formations of the Baltic Syneclise (NE Poland): An Organic Geochemistry Approach
Authors: Kosakowski P. , Zakrzewski A. , Waliczek M. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The Baltic Syneclise is one of the Paleozoic basins along the western margin of the East European Craton. Commercial amounts of hydrocarbons have been found onshore and offshore in the Middle Cambrian sandstones and Upper Ordovician limestone reefs. The Middle-Upper Cambrian and Tremadocian bituminous shales have been identified as good quality effective source rocks. The existence of good quality source rocks in the Ordovician and Silurian profiles provides an impetus for conventional and unconventional hydrocarbon explorations in this region. Geochemical analyses revealed that the rocks of the Middle–Late Ordovician and Early Silurian horizons exhibit overall good to very good source rock quality. Within the Ordovician strata, the Sasino and Prabuty formations exhibit the highest amounts of organic carbon with the median total organic carbon (TOC) values of 1.96 and 1.23 wt. %, respectively. The Pasłęk and Pelplin formations in the lowest parts of the Lower Silurian stand out clearly from other formations with the median TOC values of 0.91 and 1.15 wt. % and median total hydrocarbon content (S1+S2) of 2.46 and 1.54 mg HC/g rock, respectively. The analyzed successions are dominated by immature/early mature, algal (oil-prone) type II, and mixed II/I kerogen deposited in a marine paleoenvironment with anoxic conditions at the bottom and oxic conditions in the photic zone. Immature organic matter prevails in the eastern and central parts of the study area (Gołdap–Kętrzyn–Olsztyn area), and the western part (Darżlubie–Hel–Gdańsk area) has mature kerogen.
Logging Cement and Casing Integrity in Parallel with Wellbore Intervention to Maximize Efficiency of Operations
Authors: Hawthorn Andrew , Steinsiek Roger , Rahman Shaela 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Conventionally casing and cement evaluation logging has played a critical part in the success of well intervention operations. Understanding the condition of the casing, whether it is worn or corroded, and the material in the annulus behind the casing, such as cement quality, whether there is fluid, settled barite or even gas directly play into the success or otherwise and also the safety of these operations. Historically this information has only been available from wireline conveyed tools, as a consequence of this other rig operations then have to stop to allow the wireline logging. As wells become more complex, more deviated and deeper, then the time required to obtain this data can become an economic constraint.
This paper will introduce a drillpipe conveyed casing and cement evaluation tool that can be deployed in parallel with other runs in the well to improve the efficiency of well intervention and plug and abandonment operations. This also allows multiple times when this data can be obtained to best fit the rig operations without adding extra time to the rig schedule. Case histories will demonstrate how operators improved efficiency, reduced rigtime and personnel on board, improved the safety of operations and reduced the risk of non-productive time by the application of this new technology.
New Method to Enable Jarring and Combine Straight-Pulling in Highly Deviated Wells
Authors: Feliu Rodrigo , McHardy Philip , Wiesenborn Kyle 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
An advanced jarring method was developed for deviated wells where conventional jarring is not possible. Comparing the results of jarring impact with this new method to jarring impact with conventional methods showed similar effectiveness.
Rather than relying on gravity or energy stored in the cable (slickline or e-line), a high-performance, fully adjustable spring jar uses an accelerator to provide consistent energy storage and delivery during the jarring operation. However, this cannot be used in highly deviated wells because there may not be enough cable pull to energize the accelerator and perform an effective jarring event. To enable this, a wireline linear actuator can be used to pull and energize the accelerator and fire the jar effectively. In addition, having a jar and a linear actuator combined on the same run can allow for a more efficient fishing strategy by combining jarring and a straight pull or push.
To prove the feasibility of this method, a system integration test was performed in which the linear actuator was used to fire the high-performance jar through an accelerator. In this test, the jarring force and the acceleration of the fish (the element being jarred) was measured and compared to standard jarring without the linear actuator. The measurements showed that it does not make a difference whether the jar is fired by the cable or by the linear actuator; the same force and acceleration (i.e., shock level) was imparted. This means that the linear actuator can be used to fire the jar without losing effectiveness. To achieve maximum efficiency, jarring and straight-pulling can be combined in the same run during which the two can be alternated to maximize results.
This method is novel because it enables jarring in highly deviated wells and allows for jarring and straight-pulling on the same run, creating a more comprehensive fishing strategy.
Intelligent Coiled Tubing Operation Practices to Install Expandable Casing Patch
Authors: Rahimov Khalid , Arstianti Haleyna , Cahyono Agus 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
A customer in Asia Pacific had challenges with high gas oil ratios on several wells that limited production as not to exceed a gas handling facilities capacity. One of the most effective and challenging options proposed to isolate the intervals of high gas production was the installation of expandable metal patches. While historically the preferred deployment method of a patch has been wireline, due to the accuracy required to set the patch, with coiled tubing enhanced in providing real-time data transfer, the advantages of utilizing it for installing mechanical isolation become superior.
The Intelligent coiled tubing system consists of a customized bottom hole assembly that transmits differential pressure, temperature, casing collar locator and tension-compression-torque data instantaneously to the surface via a nonintrusive wire installed inside the coiled tubing string. All of these parameters are crucial for an appropriate deployment of a patch, the information is required to accurately understand the scenario of what is happening downhole at each given moment and what effect a control input could possibly have on the work scope
The right solution to a problematic well is only as good as the accuracy it can be applied with. The Intelligent Coiled Tubing System was a defining factor for the success of the production solutions. The setting process of the patch is composed of several duplicated cycles; these cycles must be performed simultaneously and be harmoniously integrated with a very small margin for error. On an intervention where 99% accuracy is not enough, the proper performance of each patch installed, is also attributed to the precision of the data received from the sensors in the BHA, this made possible for the patch to be set at the right depth and in the due diligence required for the scope.
The efficient system performance confirmed the advantage of using intelligent coiled tubing for patch installation, providing immediate production benefits to the operator and direct positive financial impact. This paper will detail the process followed, to successfully set the multiple patches in the several wells. It will also highlight the accuracy from the coiled tubing performance simulation vs the execution.
Pioneering Technology Solutions for Extended Reach Wells - High Expansion Coiled Tubing Tractor
Authors: Saiood Hussain , Duthie Laurie , Anizi Abdulaziz , Dhufairi Mubarak , French Andrew 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Well intervention in horizontal extended reach wells (ERWs) comes with a myriad of challenges and in the case of coiled tubing the overarching impediment is in reaching the target depth (TD). Frictional forces act against the coiled tubing (CT) while being pushed from surface, this eventually leads to helical buckling of the tubing and early lockup where no further progress is made. Advances have been made over the last decade with the development of high-tech downhole CT tractors that deliver a strong pulling force to overcome these frictional forces. Restrictions in the well completion require these tractors to collapse to 2-1/8″, and then to expand to the cased or open hole size of up to 6-1/8″. With many wells having a larger bore size of 8-1/2″, a CT tractor did not exist to improve the coverage in those type of wells.
At first glance, modifying the existing tractor for 6-1/8″ sized holes to function in 8-1/2″ sized holes could be accomplished by simply extending the lengths of the arms. However, the reality is a little more nuanced with several innovations required to deliver the same pulling force as the 6-1/8″ tractor version. This new generation of downhole compact high expansion tractors have improved push-links and newly designed grippers to enable rig-less acid stimulation and production logging in ERWs.
The high expansion tractor is an important facilitator in CT well interventions to tackle challenging ERWs by increasing the coverage in 8-1/2″ hole sizes. The CT tractor design, development, testing and first deployment was conducted in 2021. The major advantages gained from increasing the reach can be summarized as follows:
The CT high expansion tractor enables successful reservoir surveillance and production monitoring, including improved reservoir understanding providing data to update and calibrate reservoir models. Acid stimulation in 8-1/2″ open hole wells on CT targeted fluid placement to improve well productivity to increase revenue per well. Detecting and then shutting off water inflow zones with CT techniques, avoiding the need for drilling a side track.
This new generation of slim tractors is the first in the industry to operate in wells with a diameter of 8-1/2″ and an operating range from 8″ to 10″. The key metric to successful acid stimulation or logging applications in ERWs is the ability to achieve maximum coverage of the openhole section. These engineered solutions demonstrate how creative innovations in technology design are improving accessibility in ERWs, resulting in superior reservoir management outcomes.
Proppant Packing Near the Fracture Tip during Tip Screenout: Asymptotic Models for Pressure Buildup Calibrated on Field Data and Verified with Two-Continua Simulations
Authors: Khmelenko Polina , Shel Egor , Boronin Sergei , Paderin Grigory , Osiptsov Andrei 
Published: March 2022

Summary
We analyze pressure slopes during buildup when proppant placement into a fracture results in tip screenout (TSO), as observed in real field data on pumping of fracturing jobs. The phenomenon is described by proppant packing and jamming near the fracture tip, leading to TSO. Transient evolution of the zone of packed proppant near the tip and associated additional pressure drop along the packed bank are evaluated. Under the assumption of constant fracture height, the additional pressure drop during TSO grows as t(1+α), where tα is the law of proppant concentration growth (pressure drop grows quadratically in time, if the proppant concentration on surface at the blender grows linearly in time). The model is calibrated on field data from fracturing jobs in Western Siberia, Russia. These approximate models are verified with the two-continua model of proppant transport used to describe the process of proppant packing and jamming near the fracture tip. We also show how predictions of bottomhole pressure (BHP) growth during TSO obtained using proppant transport models implemented into existing hydraulic fracturing simulators can be significantly improved by a reasonable (based on behavior of dense suspensions at the packing limit) modification to parameters, describing suspension shear viscosity.
Antimicrobial Resistance from a One Health Perspective in Zambia: A Systematic Review
Authors: Nowbuth Avis Anya , Asombang Akwi Wasi , Tazinkeng Nkengeh Ntangatung , Makinde Opeoluwa Yomi , Sheets Lincoln Ralph 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background:Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is widely acknowledged as a global health problem, yet its extent is not well evaluated, especially in low-middle income countries (LMICs). It is challenging to promote policies without focusing on healthcare systems at a local level, therefore a baseline assessment of the AMR prevalence is a priority. This study aimed to look at published papers relating to the prevalence of AMR in Zambia as a means of establishing an overview of the situation, to help inform future decisions.Methods:PubMed, Cochrane Libraries, Medical Journal of Zambia and African Journals Online databases were searched from inception to April 2021 for articles published in English in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. Retrieval and screening of article was done using a structured search protocol with strict inclusion/exclusion criteria. Results:A total of 716 articles were retrieved, of which 25 articles met inclusion criteria for final analysis. AMR data was not available for six of the ten provinces of Zambia. Twenty-one different isolates from the human health, animal health and environmental health sectors were tested against 36 antimicrobial agents, across 13 classes of antibiotics. All the studies showed a degree of resistance to more than one class of antimicrobials. Majority of the studies focused on antibiotics, with only three studies (12%) highlighting antiretroviral resistance. Antitubercular drugs were addressed in only five studies (20%) despite an epidemic in sub-Saharan Africa. No studies focused on antifungals. The most common organisms tested, across all three sectors, were Staphylococcus aureus, with a diverse range of resistance patterns found; followed by Escherichia coli with a high resistance rate found to cephalosporins (24%-100%) and fluoroquinolones (20%-100%). Conclusions: This review highlights three important findings. Firstly, AMR is understudied in Zambia. Secondly, the level of resistance to commonly prescribed antibiotics is significant across the human, animal, and environmental sectors. Thirdly, this review suggests that improved standardization of antimicrobial susceptibility testing in Zambia could help to better delineate AMR patterns, allow comparisons across different locations and tracking of AMR evolution over time.
FLOT and CROSS Chemotherapy Regimens Alter The Frequency of CD27+ and CD69+ T Cells in Oesophagogastric Adenocarcinomas; Implications for Combination with Immunotherapy.
Authors: davern Maria , Donlon Noel E , Sheppard Andrew D , Connell Fiona O' , Majcher Klaudia D , Grant Malika , Heeran Aisling B. , Hayes Conall , Farrell Robert , Conroy Melissa J , Toole Dermot O' , Bracken-Clarke Dara , Foley Emma , Ravi Narayanasamy , Bhardwaj Anshul , Reynolds John V. , Maher Stephen G. , Sullivan Jacintha O' , Lysaght Joanne 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Combining immunostimulatory chemotherapies with immunotherapy is an attractive strategy to enhance treatment responses in oesophagogastric junctional adenocarcinoma (OGJ). Methods: This study investigates the immunostimulatory properties of FLOT, CROSS and MAGIC chemotherapy regimens in the context of OGJ using in vitro and ex vivo models of the treatment-naïve and post-chemotherapy treated tumour microenvironment. Results: FLOT and CROSS chemotherapy regimens increased the surrogate markers of immunogneic cell death, HMGB1 and HLA-DR, whereas the MAGIC treatment regimen decreased HMGB1 and HLA-DR on OGJ cells, markedly so for epirubicin. Tumour-infiltrating and circulating T cells had significantly lower CD27 expression and significantly higher CD69 expression post-FLOT and post-CROSS treatment. Similarly, the supernatant from FLOT- and CROSS-treated OGJ cell lines and from FLOT- and CROSS-treated OGJ biopsies cultured ex vivo also decreased CD27 and increased CD69 expression on T cells. Following 48h treatment with post-FLOT and post-CROSS tumour conditioned media the frequency of CD69+ T cells in culture negatively correlated with the levels of soluble immunosuppressive pro-angiogenic factors in the conditioned media from ex vivo explants. Supernatant from FLOT- and CROSS-treated OGJ cell lines also increased the cytotoxic potential of healthy donor T cells and enhanced OGJ patient-derived lymphocyte mediated-killing of OE33 tumour cells. Conclusions: Collectively, this data suggests that the FLOT and CROSS chemotherapy regimens may be more appropriate immunostimulatory partners than MAGIC to combine with immunotherapy to boost anti-tumour immunity for treating OGJ patients.
Long-term Blast Control in High Eating Quality Rice Using Multilines
Authors: Ishikawa Kouji , Kuroda Tomohisa , Hori Takeshi , Iwata Daisuke , Matsuzawa Seijiro , Nakabayashi Jun , Sasaki Akira , Ashizawa Taketo 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Combining genetic heterogeneity and crop homogeneity serves a dual purpose: disease control and maintaining harvest quality. Multilines, which consist of a genetically uniform mixture of plants, have the potential to suppress disease while maintaining eating quality, yet practical methods that facilitate commercial use over large geographical areas are lacking. Here, we describe effective rice multiline management based on seed mixture composition changes informed by monitoring blast virulent races in Niigata prefecture, Japan. The most elite non-glutinous cultivar Koshihikari (KO) was changed to the multiline, KO BL (blast resistant lines), in 94,000 ha in 2005. The most destructive rice disease, blast, was 79.4 % and 81.8 % less severe in leaves and panicles, respectively, during the 2005–2019 period compared to the year 2004. In addition, fungicidal application was reduced by two-thirds after introduction of BL. Our results suggest that seed mixture diversification and rotation of resistant BL provides long-term disease control by avoiding virulent race evolution.
Effect of the BOPPPS model combined with case-based learning on ophthalmology education for five- year paediatric undergraduates in Southwest China
Authors: Chen Lin , Tang Xiao Jiao , Ke Ning , Chen Xin Ke , Liu Qin 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
To investigate the effect of the bridge-in, objective, preassessment, participatory learning, post assessment, and summary (BOPPPS) model combined with case-based learning (CBL) on ophthalmology teaching for five-year paediatric undergraduates.
Methods
The effects of the BOPPPS model combined with CBL (BOPPPS-CBL) and traditional lecture-based learning (LBL) on ophthalmology teaching were compared among students in a five-year programme. The questionnaire surveys of the students were collected and statistically analysed after the class. The final examination scores, including on elementary knowledge and case analysis, in the two groups were analysed.
Results
There were no statistically significant differences between the teachers and students in the baseline data. More students agreed that the BOPPPS-CBL model helped develop their problem-solving skills, analytical skills and motivation for learning better than the LBL model. There was no significant difference in learning pressure between the two groups. The final examination scores of the BOPPPS-CBL group were significantly higher than those of the LBL group. The overall course satisfaction of the BOPPPS-CBL group was obviously higher than that of the LBL group.
Conclusions
The BOPPPS-CBL model is an effective ophthalmology teaching method for five-year paediatric undergraduates.
An Identity Based Session Key Agreement for Secure Vehicle to Vehicle Communication in VANETs
Authors: Reddi Siva Ranjani , Rao P Muralidhara , Saraswathi Pedada 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs) are mobile networks intended to connect vehicles in urban and rural areas to provide communication among the vehicles. Due to network openness, unfortunately, VANETs are subject to a large number of potential issues related to security and privacy. In this paper, an efficient privacy preserving secure vehicle to vehicle(V2V) communication is being proposed. In our scheme, vehicles are allowed to share their identity and the random message in a secured manner. Firstly, we proposed a privacy protected identity based mutual authentication. Further, to enhance the security levels, session key is derived from timestamps, common key shared by the vehicles, privacy protected identity and random nonce decided by both the vehicles. Finally, the efficiency of proposed scheme is compared with existing privacy-preserving secure communication techniques, results proved that, our scheme is computationally taking less time. Also, it is secured against unknown key share attack, replay attack, key-compromised impersonation attack etc.
Phare-M Performance quantitative results: a quality improvement program to advance the care of cystic fibrosis and patient outcomes in French CF centres
Authors: Pougheon Dominique , Nowak Emmanuel , Lombrail Pierre , Dehillotte Clemence , Lemonnier Lydie , Ramel Sophie 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: In 2012 and 2013, a quality improvement program was launched in 14 Cystic Fibrosis centres in France to improve care and patient outcomes. The PHARE-M performance study, funded by the French Ministry of Health, was designed to assess the impacts of the program. One goal was to determine whether the undertaking aimed at developing a culture of quality among care teams would result in limiting lung function decline in patients and/or would present improved BMI evolution results when compared with control centres. Methods: A quantitative experimental study was designed using repeated data on forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) and on body mass index (BMI) over time. Two groups of patients were included in a closed cohort: one group took part in the PHARE-M program while the other did not participate. Patients were paired (1-1) based on age range and type of centre. The annual values collected in the French Patient Registry for the years 2012, 2013, 2014 and 2015 were used as data. In the case of transplanted and deceased patients, data were replicated up to year 2015 using the last available value in the registry before death or transplantation. Results: In 2012, 1077 patients were included in each of the two paired groups. By 2015, 155 patients and their pairs had left the cohort due to them changing centres during the study. The sex ratio was different in the two paired groups. Before controlling for the sex ratio, no significant differences regarding the 3-year evolution of the mean FEV1 and BMI data were observed between the two groups, except for a significant difference in adolescents (13-17 years of age) for the mean BMI Z-score (control population: +0.04, Std error=0.01, p<0.0001; PHARE-M group: -0.034, Std error=0.014, p=0.018). Conclusion/Discussion: In the context of the PHARE-M performance study, when comparing centres trained in the QI program and nonparticipating centres, significant impacts on the evolution of patient outcomes were not identified after three years. However, changes in the organization of care had a local impact on the outcomes of a select number of patients, as reported in previous articles.