bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
To act or to react? The role of responsiveness in corporate social performance disclosure in preventing plastic pollution in the travel and tourism sector
Authors: Fait Monica , Meissner Dirk , Gregori Gian Luca , Monge Filippo , Cillo Valentina 
Published: May 2022

AbstractA corporate social performance model is dependent on strategies involving the processes of social responsiveness. From this perspective, this article observes that the voluntary disclosure of corporate social performances (CSP‐D) is a proactive behavior based on “responsiveness” because it corresponds to the ability to reduce the gap between disclosed content and the perception of the content by stakeholders. The study examines the voluntary disclosure actions undertaken through social media by 60 T&T companies to communicate to their stakeholders how they contribute to reducing environmental negative externalities, plastic pollution in particular. Then, a co‐word analysis is carried out, adopting social network maps to highlight and compare the cognitive paths that characterize disclosure and reaction. The findings suggest that when the cognitive pathways of stakeholders tend to converge towards the behavior disclosed by companies, their expectations are met and this enhances CSP‐D effectiveness. Finally, social media are suitable for generating this alignment, reducing the legitimacy gap and building a good reputation.
Flying through the secure fog: A complete study on UAV‐Fog in heterogeneous networks
Authors: Gupta Akshita , Gupta Sachin Kumar 
Published: May 2022

SummaryA drone or unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) is becoming a trending area for researchers worldwide. UAV's contribution is increasing in day‐to‐day life, whether it is in a military zone, disaster management, healthcare sector, smart cities, Internet of Things (IoT), urban air mobility, and many more. In contrast, UAV's limited computational capability and low‐energy sources pose significant challenges for real‐time data processing, storage, networking, and security that are critical in emergencies such as floods, earthquakes, and cyclones. UAVs are rapidly used to satisfy user requirements as well as services. As the demand for UAVs aided heterogeneous wireless networks increases in critical emergencies, fog computing serves several benefits to fulfill users' demands in terms of low latency, support, data storage, mobility, availability, scalability, and so on. This study aims to present a comprehensive study with their technical aspects for understanding fog computing, security issues, privacy concerns, and risks, along with its solutions. This paper suggests the collaboration of UAV‐Fog architecture based on the four‐tier network consisting of smart things, local UAVs, UAV‐Fog, and cloud server, to control UAV's data and also described some of the security issues faced by this cloud infrastructure. Further, this research article also sheds new light on some scenarios of UAV‐Fog for such deployments, applications, opportunities, challenges, and their major security threats and their countermeasures. Afterward, we design taxonomy of the collaboration of UAV‐Fog with their respective approaches.
Synthesis of Diarylamines and Methylcarbazoles and Formal Total Synthesis of Alkaloids Ellipticine and Olivacine
Authors: Barrera Edson , Hernández‐Benitez R. Israel , González‐González Carlos A. , Escalante Carlos H. , Fuentes‐Benítes Aydeé , González‐Romero Carlos , Becerra‐Martínez Elvia , Delgado Francisco , Tamariz Joaquín 
Published: May 2022

AbstractNew and efficient strategies for the conversion of 4‐oxazolin‐2‐ones into 1‐methyl and 1,4‐dimethyl 3‐formylcarbazoles are herein described. Highly convergent cascade and one‐pot processes afforded the corresponding diarylamines, as in situ formed synthetic intermediates or final products in high overall yields. Special attention was given to the synthesis of methylated carbazoles by reacting 4,5‐dimethyl‐4‐oxazolin‐2‐ones with enones under microwave irradiation. The carbazole scaffold was provided by the palladium(II)‐catalyzed double C−H activation to generate oxidative cyclization of diarylamines. This methodology allowed for formal total syntheses of four naturally occurring pyrido[4,3‐b]carbazole alkaloids ellipticine, 9‐methoxyellipticine, olivacine, and 9‐methoxyolivacine.
Preparation of a zeolite imidazole skeleton–silica hybrid monolithic column for amino acid analysis via capillary electrochromatography
Authors: Qin Shili , Cui Hongshou , Chu Hongtao , Gao Lidi , Li Xue , Tang Yimin , You Xingyu , Dong Qing 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWe developed a novel, convenient and low‐cost one‐pot strategy for preparing a zeolitic imidazolate framework‐8 (ZIF‐8)–silica hybrid monolithic column by adding ZIF‐8 directly to a polymer solution of the silica matrix. The simulated stationary phase and monolithic column prepared under optimal conditions were characterized using X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis nitrogen physisorption and zeta potential. The results obtained confirmed the successful introduction of ZIF‐8 into the silica monolithic column, and the prepared monolithic column exhibited good permeability and physicochemical stability. A capillary electrochromatography method was developed based on a ZIF‐8–silica hybrid monolithic column through which 15 mixed amino acids, 4 neutral compounds, 4 nipagin esters and 2 chlorinated fungicides were separated in 14, 5, 7 and 6 min, respectively, under optimal conditions. The relative standard deviations retention times and column efficiencies in run‐to‐run, day‐to‐day and column‐to‐column varied in the ranges of 1.90%–2.21%, 2.13%–2.51% and 3.08%–6.65%, respectively, which demonstrated that ZIF‐8–silica hybrid monolithic column exhibited satisfactory reproducibility and stability. The incorporation of ZIF‐8 into a silica monolithic column is a promising method for preparing novel monolithic columns composed of a metal–organic framework.
Sleep duration and risk of cancer incidence and mortality: A pooled analysis of six population‐based cohorts in Japan
Authors: Wilunda Calistus , Abe Sarah Krull , Svensson Thomas , Sawada Norie , Tsugane Shoichiro , Wada Keiko , Nagata Chisato , Kimura Takashi , Tamakoshi Akiko , Sugawara Yumi , Tsuji Ichiro , Ito Hidemi , Kitamura Tetsuhisa , Sakata Ritsu , Mizoue Tetsuya , Matsuo Keitaro , Tanaka Keitaro , Lin Yingsong , Inoue Manami ,   For the Research Group for the Development and Evaluation of Cancer Prevention Strategies in Japan
Published: May 2022

AbstractSleep duration is emerging as an important modifiable risk factor for morbidity and mortality. We assessed the association between sleep duration and cancer incidence and mortality among Japanese adults using data from six population‐based cohorts with 271 694 participants. During a total follow‐up period of about 5.9 million person‐years, we identified 40 751 incident cancer cases and 18 323 cancer deaths. We computed study‐specific hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using Cox proportional hazards regression models and pooled the estimates using random‐effects meta‐analysis. Sleep duration of ≥10 hours (vs 7 hours) was associated with increased risk of cancer incidence among women (HR 1.19, 95% CI 1.02‐1.38), but not men, and increased risk of cancer mortality among men (HR 1.18, 95% CI 1.00‐1.39) and women (HR 1.44, 95% CI 1.20‐1.73). Sleep duration of ≤5 hours (vs 7 hours) was not associated with cancer incidence and mortality. However, among postmenopausal women, sleep durations of both ≤5 and ≥10 hours (vs 7 hours) were associated with an increased risk of cancer mortality. Among Japanese adults, sleep duration of ≥10 hours is associated with increased risk of cancer incidence and mortality among women and cancer mortality among men.
Does financial fraud affect implied cost of equity?
Authors: Rind Asad Ali , Sarang Aitzaz Ahsan Alias , Kumar Ameet , Shahbaz Muhammad 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe paper examines the relationship between financial fraud and a firm's implied equity cost. Using a U.S. sample of 15,552 firm‐year observations, we find a positive relationship between a firm's financial fraud and implied equity cost. Consistent with the monitoring channel, financial fraud increases a firm's equity cost in the presence of higher external and internal monitoring in terms of higher analyst coverage and institutional ownership. Our results are robust to alternate specifications and tests, including alternate definitions of equity cost, financial fraud, and other endogeneity concerns. The findings negate the business case of financial fraud by showing that financial fraud tends to enhance equity cost, thereby lowering the firm's value.
On proposing an intelligent model for tracking agrochemicals
Authors: Monteiro Emiliano Soares , Mignoni Maria Eloisa , Righi Rodrigo da Rosa , Costa Cristiano André da , Kunst Rafael , Barbosa Jorge Luis Victória , Alberti Antonio Marcos 
Published: May 2022

Agrochemicals are products that, due to their hazardous nature and high cost, need to be monitored. The management of agrochemical packaging is generally precarious, and the supply chain needs more control due to its reverse characteristic. Traceability in the supply chain usually uses one sensor and not a combination of multiple sensors. The proposed model allows one to trace agrochemicals with reliable and immutable information coming from various sensors, solving problems of unreliable traceability, product theft, and product tampering. Unlike related work, this model contributes with a proposal segmented in modules that focus on security and scalability in controlling used packaging. In this case, the proofs of concept indicate detection of the opening movement of the safe cabinet from 5 lx (unit of illuminance) and movement of packages after a radius of 2 cm, and the data sending time between the model layers was around 1 second. The positive aspects are benefits for detecting intact products and packages openly within the production process and persistently; other benefits include better use of assets and management of the production chain, real‐time production data collection, classification, grouping, and prediction of events. Monitoring the packaging reverse chain and the possibility of transaction auditing. Benefits include better use of assets and management of the production chain, real‐time production data collection, classification, grouping, and prediction of events generated by the production operation, and persistence of this information for future transactions and audits. Farmers and society benefit from making production and supply chains cleaner and safer and reducing the risk of costly and environmental accidents.
Substance use and individual assets in urban adolescents: Subgroups and correlates in emerging adulthood
Authors: Min Meeyoung O. , Kim June‐Yung , Minnes Sonia , Kim Sun‐Kyung , Musson Rose Devon , Singer Lynn T. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIntroductionTo investigate patterns of divergence in adolescent adjustment, this study examined the co‐occurring patterns of adolescents' individual assets (e.g., school engagement, values) and substance use, and whether the co‐occurring patterns were associated with later functioning in emerging adulthood.MethodsParticipants were 358 (54% females), predominantly African American, urban adolescents, recruited at birth for a prospective study on the effects of prenatal substance exposure in the Midwest United States. Individual assets, using the Developmental Assets Profile, substance use (alcohol, tobacco, marijuana), via biologic assays and self‐report, and substance use‐related problems were assessed at age 15 years. High‐school completion, substance use disorder, mental health symptoms, and legal problems were assessed at age 21 years.ResultsLatent class analysis identified five classes as follows: high assets with low substance use (C1, 10.2%); moderate assets with low substance use (C2, 28.7%); low assets with low substance use (C3, 32%); moderate assets with high substance use (C4, 9.4%); and low assets with high substance use (C5, 19.2%). Despite similar levels of assets, adolescents in C5 reported more life adversities (suboptimal caregiving environment, daily hassles, non‐birth parents' care) than those in C3. C4 and C5 reported more substance use disorder at age 21 years than the three low substance use classes; adolescents in C5 were less likely to complete high school than those in C2. More females in C5 reported greater mental health symptoms than those in C1 and C3, and criminal justice involvement than those in C1.ConclusionsThe current findings underscore the significance of substance use in adolescence in disrupting healthy transition to adulthood, especially among females in the context of low individual assets.
Adolescence dropout risk predictors: Family structure, mental health, and self‐esteem
Authors: Lawrence Kehinde Clement , Adebowale Titilola A. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis study investigated the predictive roles of family structure, mental health, and self‐esteem in dropout risk among school‐going adolescents in the Ibadan Municipality of Oyo State, Nigeria. A quantitative research design approach was adopted. A total of 287 school‐going adolescents with consistent record of absenteeism were randomly selected from 14 schools in the Ibadan Municipality. A single adapted questionnaire divided into sections was used to collect data. The hypotheses raised were tested using the Pearson's product–moment correlation and multiple regression analysis. The study established that the relationship between dropout risk, lack of family structure (r = 0.491, n = 287, p < 0.05), mental health (r = 0.373, n = 287, p < 0.05), and self‐esteem (r = 0.428, n = 287, p < 0.05) of the participants was significant. Furthermore, the joint influence of the predictive variables (family structure, mental health, and self‐esteem) was also significant on dropout risk (R = 0.489, adjusted R2 of 0.398). The study concludes that dropout risk among school‐going adolescents can be safeguarded with factors such as family structure, mental health, and self‐esteem as guided against. Hence, the family structure, mental health, and self‐esteem are very crucial if the upsurge of school dropout that is bedeviling the society will be reduced to bearable level or eradicated.
The Clock‐NAD+‐Sirtuin connection in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Aggarwal Savera , Trehanpati Nirupma , Nagarajan Perumal , Ramakrishna Gayatri 
Published: May 2022

AbstractNonalcoholic or metabolic associated fatty liver disease (NAFLD/MAFLD) is a hepatic reflection of metabolic derangements characterized by excess fat deposition in the hepatocytes. Identifying metabolic regulatory nodes in fatty liver pathology is essential for effective drug targeting. Fatty liver is often associated with circadian rhythm disturbances accompanied with alterations in physical and feeding activities. In this regard, both sirtuins and clock machinery genes have emerged as critical metabolic regulators in maintaining liver homeostasis. Knockouts of either sirtuins or clock genes result in obesity associated with the fatty liver phenotype. Sirtuins (SIRT1‐SIRT7) are a highly conserved family of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)‐dependent deacetylases, protecting cells from metabolic stress by deacetylating vital proteins associated with lipid metabolism. Circadian rhythm is orchestrated by oscillations in expression of master regulators (BMAL1 and CLOCK), which in turn regulate rhythmic expression of clock‐controlled genes involved in lipid metabolism. The circadian metabolite, NAD+ , serves as a crucial link connecting clock genes to sirtuin activity. This is because, NAMPT which is a rate limiting enzyme in NAD+ biosynthesis is transcriptionally regulated by the clock genes and NAD+ in turn is a cofactor regulating the deacetylation activity of sirtuins. Intriguingly, on one hand the core circadian clock regulates the sirtuin activity and on the other hand the activated sirtuins regulate the acetylation status of clock proteins thereby affecting their transcriptional functions. Thus, the Clock‐NAD+‐Sirtuin connection represents a novel “feedback loop” circuit that regulates the metabolic machinery. The current review underpins the importance of NAD+ on the sirtuin and clock connection in preventing fatty liver disorder.
Structure, function and druggability of the African trypanosome flagellum
Authors: Sáez Conde Julia , Dean Samuel 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAfrican trypanosomes are early branching protists that cause human and animal diseases, termed trypanosomiases. They have been under intensive study for more than 100 years and have contributed significantly to our understanding of eukaryotic biology. The combination of conserved and parasite‐specific features mean that their flagellum has gained particular attention. Here, we discuss the different structural features of the flagellum and their role in transmission and virulence. We highlight the possibilities of targeting flagellar function to cure trypanosome infections and help in the fight to eliminate trypanosomiases.
Bisphenol A aggravates renal apoptosis and necroptosis in selenium‐deficient chickens via oxidative stress and PI3K/AKT pathway
Authors: Chen Huijie , Zhang Yue , Zou Mengmeng , Qi Xue , Xu Shiwen 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBisphenol A (BPA) in the environment can have deleterious effects on humans and animals. BPA can exert nephrotoxicity by inducing oxidative stress. Selenium (Se) deficiency can specifically impair kidney tissues and additionally show a synergistic effect on the toxicity of several environmental chemicals. However, the toxic effects of BPA on the chicken kidney and whether Se deficiency produces synergistic effects on the toxicity of BPA remain poorly understood. Herein, we established BPA exposure models and Se deficiency model in vivo and in vitro, and described the discovery path of BPA aggravation on apoptosis and necroptosis in Se‐deficient chicken kidneys via regulation of oxidative stress and phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase/threonine kinase (PI3K/AKT) signaling pathway. We found that BPA exposure increased reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde levels, reduced activities of catalase, GPx, and superoxide dismutase, downregulated PI3K and AKT expressions, activated Bcl/Bax‐Caspase 9‐Caspase 3, and receptor‐interacting protein kinase 1/mixed lineage kinase domain‐like protein signaling pathways, resulting in apoptosis and necroptosis in the chicken kidney. In addition, Se deficiency significantly promoted the expression of renal apoptosis and necroptosis in BPA‐exposed chicken kidneys. Altogether, our results showed that BPA aggravates apoptosis and necroptosis in Se‐deficient chicken kidneys via regulation of oxidative stress and PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Our findings elucidate the mechanism of BPA nephrotoxicity and Se deficiency exacerbation toxicity in chickens and will provide great significance for the protection of the ecological environment and animal health.
The non‐canonical nuclear functions of key players of the PI3K‐AKT‐MTOR pathway
Authors: Gupta Sakshi , Kumar Mukund , Chaudhuri Soumi , Kumar Arun 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe PI3K‐AKT‐MTOR signal transduction pathway is one of the essential signalling cascades within the cell due to its involvement in many vital functions. The pathway initiates with the recruitment of phosphatidylinositol‐3 kinases (PI3Ks) onto the plasma membrane, generating phosphatidylinositol‐3,4,5‐triphosphate [PtdIns(3,4,5)P3] and subsequently activating AKT. Being the central node of the PI3K network, AKT activates the mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase complex 1 (MTORC1) via Tuberous sclerosis complex 2 inhibition in the cytoplasm. Although the cytoplasmic role of the pathway has been widely explored for decades, we now know that most of the effector molecules of the PI3K axis diverge from the canonical route and translocate to other cell organelles including the nucleus. The presence of phosphoinositides (PtdIns) inside the nucleus itself indicates the existence of a nuclear PI3K signalling. The nuclear localization of these signaling components is evident in regulating many nuclear processes like DNA replication, transcription, DNA repair, maintenance of genomic integrity, chromatin architecture, and cell cycle control. Here, our review intends to present a comprehensive overview of the nuclear functions of the PI3K‐AKT‐MTOR signaling biomolecules.
The impact of medical therapy on left ventricular strain: Current state and future perspectives
Authors: Karev Egor , Verbilo Sergey L. , Malev Eduard G. , Prokudina Maria N. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe speckle tracking strain is becoming a frequently used marker of subclinical left ventricular systolic dysfunction. Despite the wide range of data concerning left ventricular strain variability in the general population and its changes in various pathologic conditions, the information about the impact of medical therapy on left ventricle strain is limited. This article provides an analysis of published studies of left ventricle strain changes in response to different agents and combinations of medical therapies used for hypertension and congestive heart failure.
Yolk corticosterone and progesterone levels in Greater Rhea (Rhea americana) eggs vary in a changing social environment
Authors: Della Costa Natalia S. , Martella Mónica B. , Bernad Lucía , Marin Raúl H. , Navarro Joaquín L. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractMaternal hormones in avian egg yolks may signal and prepare offspring for the prevailing conditions. However, this adjustment requires some degree of flexibility in regulating yolk hormone deposition. The Greater Rhea (Rhea americana) has a particular mating system that combines mixed polygyny and polyandry, communal nesting, and exclusive paternal care of chicks. In this species, we previously found that yolk hormone deposition varies among eggs of different captive populations and could influence chicks' physiology and behavior. However, it is still unknown whether females can modify yolk hormone deposition in a changing social environment. Using a captive population of Greater Rheas, in this study, we quantified yolk hormone levels before and after a reduction in the number of females present in the population. We found that females deposited on average higher yolk corticosterone and lower yolk progesterone after the change in their social environment. Since corticosterone deposited into the yolk comes exclusively from the female's plasma, our results suggest that females had, on average, higher plasma corticosterone levels. The change in the number of females may increase the events of male–male competitions, courtships, and matings, leading to an increase of corticosterone in the females' plasma and then into their eggs. Since we previously found that higher yolk corticosterone and lower yolk progesterone were associated with the production of chicks that have an attenuated stress response, the present study results suggest that yolk hormone deposition is mediated by flexible mechanisms that could adjust development to the prevailing conditions.