bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bohemian Switzerland: Long-Term Spatiotemporal Transformations of Tourism Facilities in Rural Peripheries Between the Regulations and Access for All
Authors: Štěbetáková Michaela , Hruška Vladan , Raška Pavel 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Bohemian Switzerland (České Švýcarsko) is a name that has been associated with the prominent area of sandstone landscapes located in Northern Czechia (Central Europe). Over the last centuries, the development of the area and the locational transformation of tourism facilities has been influenced by multiscalar effects of transforming geopolitical context, economic restructuring, and changing value orientation and expectation toward tourism and nature conservation. In this paper, we use narrative documentary sources to show how these changes affected the capacity, spatial diffusion and variability of tourist facilities and services in the area. In particular, we explore and discuss the ways in which public authorities and other groups of stakeholders attempted to balance the tourism-led local development and rights to public access with nature conservation and sustainable community livelihood.
Rural Areas in Poland – Changes Since Joining the European Union
Authors: Heffner Krystian , Twardzik Małgorzata 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Rural areas are experiencing a dynamic, multidirectional change. It is the result of impact of many processes, including rapid, often spontaneous urbanisation and structural transformation in the agricultural sector and temporary and permanent movements of the population. Changes in the spatial structures of the countryside, on the one hand, influenced by European programmes and measures, linked to the processes of modernisation and organisation of rural settlements and economic systems. On the other hand, rapid economic development and spontaneous investment are resulting in the expansion of the urban forms of land use – not only in the immediate surroundings of the cities and towns, but also in remote, peripheral areas dominated until recently by farming. The paper presents the genesis of contemporary land use in rural areas in Poland, linking the countryside structures with the intensity and forms of residency and user economies in the rural areas. The main drivers of change, significantly affecting the emerging forms of farming villages, are processes of intensive suburbanisation and semi-urbanisation, the phenomenon of progressive peripherisation of large areas in different parts of the country, the depopulation of the countryside and profound changes in the demographic structure of the population, improvement of infrastructure and transport accessibility and economic revival of villages. There are also important issues related to advantages such as natural and cultural values of the village. The aim of the article is to present the main directions of functional and spatial transformations of rural areas in Poland from the beginning of the 21st century. The main hypothesis is that the development of rural areas in Poland proceeds in two directions: Urban “colonization”, which involves the invasion of both single- and multi-family housing in the surroundings of traditional villages and in areas previously used for agricultural purposes, is becoming increasingly widespread; this follows restructuring and diversification (spatial and functional) in urbanized rural areas. Much indicates that the rational development and use of rural areas will be one of the main challenges of Poland in the near future.
Mutual Funds’ Cost Persistence
Authors: Trzebiński Artur A. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The research aimed to check whether investment fund managers maintain costs similarly from period to period. The research verified the hypothesis that managers maintain costs in the subsequent periods at a similar level. The study used a method based on contingency tables which are used to analyse the persistence of performance. In this study, we replaced performance with costs, assuming that managers also control these values. Costs were defined as: (1) total costs, (2) total costs minus management fees and (3) active management costs (expressed as the active expense ratio). Based on the results obtained, it should be stated that managers maintain costs at a similar level from period to period in the case of the split using the median. On the other hand, the results indicate that the costs were not maintained at a similar level in subsequent periods when broken down into quartiles. Considering the detailed results for funds divided into quartiles, it is clearly visible that most managers keep the costs close to the average value. Less frequently, costs from period to period are changed to be allocated to the extreme quartiles.
The Role of Customs Procedures in Reduction of Maintenance, Repair and Overhaul Costs in the Aviation Industry
Authors: Płaza Natalia , Žilinskienė Deimantė 
Published: July 2022

AbstractScope of the article will cover analysis of special customs procedures and other facilitations that can be used in MRO business. The two research questions that are answered in the paper are: what customs procedures can be used, how they work and if those can reduce costs of MRO operations significantly. There are two research methodological approaches used in this article: qualitative and quantitative. Results show a great difference in savings between two variants, in which one would present a very basic level of special customs procedures usage and a variant in which all presented possibilities would be applied. Research results showed many possibilities for changes in the customs strategy of a company interested in evolving it and generating savings from many facilitations due to usage of special customs procedures as well as a compact explanation of how the application of a special procedures process looks. This article may be interesting for both: scientists and specialists working in the field of customs as well as for the companies working internationally with a lot of imported materials needed to perform work on an engine or aircraft. The authors’ conclusion is that even small companies might learn a lot from the analysis given in this article, due to the fact that the knowledge gathered here can give a greater understanding of customs knowledge presented in this article, combined with knowledge about other taxes will give an extraordinary advantage on the market for companies in MRO, or a similar industry.
Estonia and Kazakhstan. Financial and Economic Fate of Economies After the Collapse of the USSR
Authors: Yembergenkyzy Nazym , Fałda Beata 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The collapse of the USSR significantly affected the economic and political situation of all the republics which gained sovereignty as a result. Among them were countries such as Estonia and Kazakhstan. This article considers whether these countries have coped with the new political conditions. Using known economic indicators, a comparison was made of the economic and financial situation of both countries, pointing to the potential causes of diversification of their socio-economic development. Currently, Estonia is considered the most developed country of the 15 former members of the USSR, and Kazakhstan is in 5th place. The research carried out in this paper shows that the current economy of Kazakhstan is clearly moving away from that Estonia needs radical measures to achieve economic acceleration. The authors, analyzing the strategic activity of Estonia and Kazakhstan and the independence of financial management, concluded that these have had a significant impact on the current state of economic and financial development of the countries in question.
Biological parameters of grape phylloxera, Daktulosphaira vitifoliae, on local grapevine varieties in central Syria – Implications on their susceptibility
Authors: Idris I. , Asaad A. , Houssian K. , Kalefa I. 
Published: July 2022

Summary
Biological parameters of phylloxera local strains as well as infestation were studied on Syrian grapevine varieties including Baladi, Salamone, Karawane, Hafarzale, Gharbe and the American resistance rootstock (ARR-B41) (Vitis vinifera x Vitis berlandieri). Root artificial infestation method revealed significant differences in phylloxera population between the majority of tested varieties comparing to the ARR-B41 rootstock. Hafarzale and Karawane have shown the lowest population of grape phylloxera, with a similar level of resistance to rootstock ARR-B41. Furthermore, Salamone and Gharbe are more conducive to grape phylloxera reproduction. Field investigation has shown significant differences between the local varieties and ARR-B41 in terms of the average number of galls “nodosities”. Overall, Hafarzale and Karawane tended to form significantly fewer galls than the other varieties.
Differential STBC NOMA: A new approach to downlink cooperative NOMA
Authors: Jaffri Zain ul Abidin , Khan Mohsin , Ahmad Zeeshan , Chen Yu 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Due to the ability of massive connectivity, large bandwidth, and low latency, the non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) is considered the best approach for the 5th generation and beyond. However, the system performance is declined when the number of users is increased as each user will experience a great number of successive interface cancelations (SIC) in the downlink. To improve system performance, the NOMA is combined with cooperative communication which gives more spectral efficiency and fairness as compared to non-cooperative NOMA. Furthermore, space-time block code (STBC)- cooperative NOMA-based users experienced less SIC as compared to conventional CNOMA. This paper evaluates the performance of differential STBC-CNOMA with keeping in mind the imperfect SIC, channel state information (CSI), and timing synchronization between distributed cooperating users. The simulations results show that differential STBC-CNOMA gives high performance in terms of outage probability and sum rate analysis as compared to simple STBC-NOMA and conventional CNOMA. Hence, the differential STBC-CNOMA seems to be a better and more effective solution to enhance system performance.
Flawed implemented cryptographic algorithm in the Microsoft ecosystem
Authors: Pocarovsky Stefan , Koppl Martin , Orgon Milos 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
With the continuous development in the electronic chip field, the requirements for the security of IT infrastructures are also increasing. The need for ever-increasing key lengths in cryptography to maintain security cannot grow indefinitely. One of the solutions in the field of cryptography for using shorter keys while maintaining security is cryptography based on the principle of elliptic curves. Asymmetric elliptic curve cryptosystems lies in solving the discrete logarithm problem on an elliptic curve. However, not only secure algorithm but also its correct implementation is important. In this paper, we discuss an incorrect implementation of the ECC algorithm in the crypt32.dll library (Microsoft Windows) and the possibilities of its misuse.
Pixel level vacuum packaging for single layer microbolometer detectors with on pixel lens
Authors: Tanrikulu M. Yusuf 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This paper presents a new approach for fabrication of single layer microbolometer detectors featuring pixel level vacuum packaging together with a lens on the pixel. The proposed lens structure can be used to increase the fill factor of the detector so that the pixel size can be decreased without decreasing the minimum feature size in the detector which is a problem in single layer microbolometers. The designs of the lens and the fabrication process of pixel level vacuum packaged microbolometer detector together with this lens are given in the framework of this study. The optical and mechanical simulations of the structure are performed. The radius of curvature of the lens is optimized to be 25 μm and it is shown that the condensing efficiency is 100% for 3 μm lens-detector distance. The deflection in the lens structure is found approximately as 0.8 nm in 1 atm environment pressure, showing that the proposed structure is durable. The proposed structure increases the fill factor to twice of the original value without decreasing the minimum feature size in the fabrication processes, resulting in the same amount of improvement in the performance of the detector. This approach can also be used to increase the yield and decrease the fabrication cost of single layer and also standard microbolometers with small pixel sizes, as it integrates the vacuum packaging in the fabrication steps.
Robust boundary of stability and design of robust controller in uncertain polytopic linear systems
Authors: Paulusová Jana , Körösi Ladislav , Veselý Vojtech 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This paper is devoted to design of a robust controller for an uncertain continuous-time linear polytopic system. The design procedure will take place in two steps. In the first step, we calculate the robust stability boundary of a closed loop system. Then on the basis of the result obtained in this way, we select a robust controller design method that accepts the calculated stability boundary. This procedure allows better implementation of the second step of the designed robust controller. Two examples of application of the proposed method follow finally, which illustrate its effectiveness.
Waveguide power phase shifter with a ferrite circulator in S-band
Authors: Popela Miroslav , Láčík Jaroslav , Dražan Libor 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis paper presents the application of a phase shifter with a ferrite Y-circulator in band S. Global literature addresses primarily the basic types of power waveguide phase shifters, however, there has been minimal literature on a phase shifter that uses a ferrite circulator for phase shifting. The paper describes theoretical and practical results where a ferrite circulator is used to shift the phase. A power phase shifter utilizing a ferrite circulator could be used in power applications where high demands are placed on the phase shift accuracy with minimal power losses. The phase shift is handled by a tunable waveguide short circuit that is connected to the port 2 of the ferrite circulator. By changing the waveguide length, the phase is changed. The measured results are compared with theoretical calculations and evaluated. The proposed phase shifter utilizing the ferrite circulator has its advantages in its simple design, in the accuracy of the phase adjustment and in the speed of the tuning. Another great advantage is its quite low cost due to its simple design.
Reducing Thermal Crack Risks Caused by Restraint in Young Concrete - A Case Study on Walls of Water Tanks
Authors: Al-Gburi Majid , Jonasson Jan-Erik , Nilsson Martin 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Concrete cracks in structures such as water tanks and nuclear power stations cause anxiety to owners, contractors and engineers. These cracks may significantly increase the structure’s permeability and thus increase leakage, reduce durability, and eventually lead to loss of structural functionality. Therefore it is important to minimize their occurrence and size. To identify effective ways of minimizing cracking in young concrete segments, a parametric study was conducted using the finite element method (FEM). Parameters considered include casting sequence, joint position, wall height, and cooling. The study examined continuous and jumped casting approaches to the casting of a cylindrical reinforced concrete tank for a sewage-treatment plant, with and without the application of the ‘kicker’ technique in which the lower part of the wall is cast with the slab. The main cause of cracking is thermal change and restraint imposed by adjacent older structures, and the FEM predictions agree well with experimental observations. Continuous casting is most effective at minimizing cracking because it creates only two contact edges between newly cast and existing structures producing the lowest level of restraint. The kicker technique is shown to be very effective for reducing restraint and consider rephasing.
Effect of Set Accelerator on Properties of Wet Sprayed Concrete
Authors: Trussell Nicholas , Cepuritis Rolands , Jacobsen Stefan 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This paper describes sprayed concrete experiments varying the set accelerator dose. Literature on the hydration of cement with modern alkali-free set accelerators is reviewed and two full scale wet spraying experiments have been conducted, varying the dose of set accelerator in each. The effects on the properties of the hardening and hardened sprayed concrete were investigated by field and laboratory testing. Increasing the set accelerator dose was found to increase the rate of early age strength development but reduce density, long term strength and increase suction porosity of hardened sprayed concrete.
Characterization and Microwave Absorption Properties of Lead-Free Bi0.5(Na0.80K0.20)0.5TiO3 Synthesized by Sol-Gel Method
Authors: Co Nguyen Dang , Thi Thu Thuy Bui , Thi Luong Nguyen , Quoc Viet Dong , Viet Cuong Le , Duc Dung Dang , Duc Quan Ngo , Mau Danh Tran , Duc Thang Pham , Dinh Tu Bui 
Published: July 2022

Lead-free Bi0.5(Na0.80K0.20)0.5TiO3 (BNKT) particles were synthesized by using sol-gel method. The samples were investigated by X-ray diffractometry (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The absorption of microwaves of the lead-free BNKT powders is determined from the magnetic (permeability) and dielectric (permittivity) properties at the frequency range from 2 to 18 GHz. Absorption characteristics of paraffin(wax)-mixed BNKT compounds at different sample thicknesses were also investigated. The microwave absorption properties show that the maximum reflection loss is -21.72 dB (99.9%) at 13.66 GHz with a thickness of 3.2 mm. BNKT composites are thought to be used as a promising microwave absorption material.
Nonlinear Static Stability of Stiffened Nanocomposite Plate	s Subjected Various Types of Loads
Authors: Van Thanh Nguyen 
Published: July 2022

This work deals with the nonlinear buckling and post-buckling of stiffened nanocomposite plates reinforced functionally graded carbon nanotubes (FG CNTRC) resting on elastic foundation in thermal environment. Obtained results showed that the properties of the nanocomposited plates embedded with single-walled carbon nanotubes are dependent on temperature and altered according to linear functions of the thickness. The governing equations are derived by the third-order shear deformation plate theory taking into account von Kármàn geometrical nonlinearity and solved by both the Airy’s stress function and Galerkin method. In numerical results, the influences of various types of distribution and volume fractions of carbon nanotubes, geometrical parameters, elastic foundations on the nonlinear buckling and post-buckling behaviour of stiffened FG-CNTC plates subjected mechanical, thermal loading and both are demonstrated.
Keywords: Stiffened FG CNTRC plates; Buckling and Post buckling analysis; Third-order shear deformation theory; Thermal environment; Galerkin method
This work deals with the nonlinear buckling and post-buckling of stiffened nanocomposite plates reinforced functionally graded carbon nanotubes (FG CNTRC) resting on elastic foundation in thermal environment. Obtained results showed that the properties of the nanocomposited plates embedded with single-walled carbon nanotubes are dependent on temperature and altered according to linear functions of the thickness. The governing equations are derived by the third-order shear deformation plate theory taking into account von Kármàn geometrical nonlinearity and solved by both the Airy’s stress function and Galerkin method. In numerical results, the influences of various types of distribution and volume fractions of carbon nanotubes, geometrical parameters, elastic foundations on the nonlinear buckling and post-buckling behaviour of stiffened FG-CNTC plates subjected mechanical, thermal loading and both are demonstrated.
Estrategias digitales y relaciones comerciales del sector artesanal de la zona norte del cantón Santa Elena, provincia de Santa Elena, 2020
Authors: Rengifo Matías Karla , Caiche Rosales William Alberto , González Rodríguez Livingston Gilberto 
Published: July 2022

La actividad comercial se vio agravada por la aparición del Covid-19, declarado como pandemia por la OMS en marzo de 2020. Esta investigación tiene como propósito identificar las estrategias digitales más adecuadas que impulsen las relaciones comerciales entre los artesanos de la zona norte del cantón Santa Elena y los clientes. Las actividades artesanales de estos productores se realizan a partir de materias primas provenientes de la agricultura, silvicultura y pesca, los bienes obtenidos se comercializan a través del canal directo; la comunicación tiene un incipiente uso de estrategias digitales, entre ellas: Facebook; WhatsApp, páginas web informativas y correo electrónico. El abordaje de esta problemática se realizó con un diseño metodológico correlacional, con investigación de enfoque mixto, la primera parte con la aplicación de observación participante y de entrevistas en profundidad a un panel de expertos, lo cual permitió identificar dimensiones de las variables y plantear la hipótesis; los resultados que se presentan corresponden a esta primera etapa, mismos que permitieron desde la discusión científica, proponer para los beneficiarios, un conjunto de estrategias digitales como: Machine Learning, Deep Learning, Business to Consumer y Business to Business acompañadas de un modelo de aplicación ajustado a la nueva realidad.