bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative plastomes and phylogenetic analysis of seven Korean endemic Saussurea (Asteraceae)
Authors: Yun Seon A , Kim Seung-Chul 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Saussurea is one of the most species-rich genera in the Cardueae, Asteraceae. There are approximately 40 Saussurea species distributed in Korea, with nearly 40% of them endemics. Infrageneric relationships remain uncertain due to insufficient resolutions and low statistical support. In this study, we sequenced the plastid genomes of five Korean endemic Saussurea (S. albifolia, S. calcicola, S. diamantica, S. grandicapitula, and S. seoulensis), and comparative analyses including two other endemics (S. chabyoungsanica and S. polylepis) were conducted. Results: The plastomes of Korean endemics were highly conserved in gene content, order, and numbers. Exceptionally, S. diamantica had mitochondrial DNA sequences including two tRNAs in SSC region. There were no significant differences of the type and numbers of SSRs among the seven Korean endemics except in S. seoulensis. Nine mutation hotspots with high nucleotide diversity value (Pi > 0.0033) were identified, and phylogenetic analysis suggested that those Korean endemic species most likely evolved several times from diverse lineages within the genus. Moreover, molecular dating estimated that the Korean endemic species diverged since the late Miocene.Conclusions: This study provides insight into understanding the plastome evolution and evolutionary relationships of highly complex species of Saussurea in Korean peninsula.
Barriers to childhood tuberculosis case detection and management in Cambodia: the perspectives of healthcare providers and caregivers
Authors: An Yom , Teo Alvin Kuo Jing , Huot Chan Yuda , Tieng Sivanna , Khun Kim Eam , Pheng Sok Heng , Leng Chhenglay , Deng Serongkea , Song Ngak , Nop Sotheara , Nonaka Daisuke , Yi Siyan 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Childhood tuberculosis (TB) case detection remains low in many high-burden countries, including Cambodia. This study aimed to determine the barriers to childhood TB detection and management from the perspectives of healthcare providers and caregivers in Cambodia.We conducted in-depth interviews with 16 healthcare providers from four operational districts and 28 caregivers of children with TB and children in close contact with bacteriological confirmed pulmonary TB residing under the selected districts. Data were analysed using thematic analyses.Identified key barriers to childhood TB case detection and management included inadequate TB staff, limited knowledge on childhood TB, poor collaboration among healthcare providers, limited quality of TB diagnostic tools, and interruption of supplies of childhood TB medicines, lack of collaboration from caregivers, ignorance of healthcare provider's advice, parent movement, transportation costs, out-of-pocket expenditure, time-consuming, no clear explanation from healthcare providers, and aging of caregivers.The national TB program should further invest in staff development for TB, scale-up appropriate TB diagnostic tools and ensuring its functionalities such as rapid molecular diagnostic systems and X-ray machines, strengthen childhood TB drug management at all levels such as drug forecasting, a clear mechanism for drug distribution, and drug monitoring, and increasing community awareness about TB in order to increase community engagement.
Identification and characterization of resistance quantitative trait loci against bacterial wilt caused by the Ralstonia solanacearum species complex in potato
Authors: Habe Ippei , Miyatakae Koji 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Bacterial wilt (BW) caused by the Ralstonia solanacearum species complex (RSSC) represents one of the most serious diseases affecting potato cultivation. The development of BW-resistant cultivars represents the most efficient strategy to control this disease. The resistance-related quantitative trail loci (QTLs) in plants against different RSSC strains have not been studied extensively. Therefore, we performed QTL analysis for evaluating BW resistance using a diploid population derived from Solanum phureja, Solanum chacoense, and Solanum tuberosum. Plants cultivated in vitro were inoculated with different strains (phylotype I/biovar 3, phylotype I/biovar 4, and phylotype IV/biovar 2A) and incubated at 24°C or 28°C under controlled conditions. Interval mapping was performed for the disease indexes using the resistant parent-derived map consisting of 1,476 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers and the susceptible parent-derived map consisting of 2,663 SNP markers. We identified five major and five minor resistance QTLs on potato chromosomes 1, 3, 5, 6, 7, 10, and 11. The major QTLs qBWR-3 and qBWR-7 conferred stable resistance against Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum (phylotype I) and Ralstonia syzygii (phylotype IV), while qBWR-6b was a strain-specific major resistance QTL against phylotype I/biovar 3 and was more effective at a relatively lower temperature. Therefore, we suggest that broad-spectrum QTLs and strain-specific QTLs can be combined to develop the most effective BW-resistant cultivars for particular areas.
SUDS selection methodology based on continuous modelling on EPA SWMM: a case study for Colombian and Spanish cities
Authors: Ferrans Pascual , Temprano Javier 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The development of computational tools based on urban drainage models is fundamental for the correct adoption of SUDS. The present study proposes a systematic approach based on continuous modeling on EPA SWMM to properly select SUDS, by evaluating several aspects related to their design and configuration. The analysis of the design parameters showed that only the surface variables evidenced a sensitivity of around 20% for some typologies. Likewise, the optimal area, number of structures, combination and interconnection of SUDS typologies were found for a case study in Santander, Spain. When applying the results to different geographic regions, the high dependence of the methodology on the performance variable, the region and the type of modeling used was evidenced. It is essential to develop tools that automate the SUDS selection process and, at the same time allow the inclusion of social and economic aspects, and the mediation with different stakeholders.
Lymphocyte-C-reactive protein ratio can differentiate disease severity of COVID-19 patients and serve as an assistant screening tool for hospital and ICU admission
Authors: Zhang Jian-Nan , Gao Yang , Wang Xin-Tong , Tang Yu-Jia , Lai Qi-Qi , Chen Peng-Fei , Yue Chuang-Shi , Wu Ji-Han , Du Xue , Li Na-Na , Kang Kai , Zhao Ming-Yan 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In this study, we aimed to explore whether Lymphocyte-C-reactive protein ratio (LCR) can differentiate disease severity of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients and its value as an assistant screening tool for admission to the hospital and the intensive care unit (ICU). A total of 184 adult COVID-19 patients from the COVID-19 Treatment Center in Heilongjiang Province at the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University between January 2020 and March 2021 were included in this study. Patients were divided into asymptomatic infection group, mild group, moderate group, severe group, and critical group according to the Diagnosis and Treatment of New Coronavirus Pneumonia (9th edition). Demographic and clinical data including gender, age, comorbidities, severity of COVID-19, white blood cell count (WBC), neutrophil proportion (NEUT%), lymphocyte count (LYMPH), lymphocyte percentage (LYM%), red blood cell distribution width (RDW), platelet (PLT), C-reaction protein (CRP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), serum creatinine (SCr), albumin (ALB), total bilirubin (TB), direct bilirubin (DBIL), indirect bilirubin (IBIL), and D-Dimer were obtained and collated from medical records at admission, from which sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score and LCR were calculated, and all above indicators were compared among groups. Multiple clinical parameters, including LYMPH, CRP and LCR, showed significant differences among groups. The related factors to classify COVID-19 patients into moderate, severe and critical groups included age, number of comorbidities, WBC, LCR, and AST. Among these factors, number of comorbidities showed the greatest effect, and only WBC and LCR were protective factors. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of LCR to classify COVID-19 patients into moderate, severe and critical groups was 0.176. The cut-off value of LCR, and the sensitivity and specificity of ROC curve were 1780.7050, 84.6% and 66.2%, respectively. The related factors to classify COVID-19 patients into severe and critical groups included number of comorbidities, PLT, LCR, and SOFA score. Among these factors, SOFA score showed the greatest effect, and LCR was the only protective factor. The area under ROC curve of LCR to classify COVID-19 patients into severe and critical groups was 0.106. The cut-off value of LCR and the sensitivity and specificity of ROC curve were 571.2200, 81.3% and 90.0%, respectively. In summary, LCR can differentiate disease severity of COVID-19 patients and serve as a simple and objective assistant screening tool for hospital and ICU admission.
Oral Microbes are a Signature of Disease in the Gut
Authors: Kelly Libusha , Khan Saad 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Case-control studies have identified human gut microbiome taxa associated with diseases including diabetes, inflammatory bowel, and colorectal cancer. However, many taxa are significantly associated with different diseases, confounding the utility of taxa as disease-specific diagnostics and potentially indicating underlying similarities in physiologically distinct diseases. Using a meta-analysis of 4446 gut metagenomic samples linked to 55 diseases across 21 datasets, we identify taxa consistently associated with health or disease and validate these results on external datasets. We find that taxa associated with disease in the gut are either oral microbiome commensals or are members of the polyphyletic class Clostridiales, whereas healthy taxa are gut specialists. Prevalence of organisms in the oral cavity correlates with gut disease association, revealing a novel, conserved relationship between disease and the gut microbiome. Our work highlights a major limitation of traditional metagenomics analysis methods for identifying disease-specific markers, a key goal of many microbiome studies.
Safety and feasibility of neoadjuvant chemotherapy as a surgical bridge for acute left-sided malignant colorectal obstruction : a retrospective study
Authors: Zhang Jiawei , Deng Jiaxin , Hu Jiancong , Zhong Qinghua , Li Juan , Su Mingli , Liu Wei , Lv Miwei , Xu Tian , Lin Dezheng , Guo Xuefeng 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: For colorectal cancer, preoperative (neoadjuvant) chemotherapy is more effective than postoperative chemotherapy because it eradicates micrometastases more effectively and reduces the risk of incomplete intraoperative resection and tumor cell shedding. For the treatment of acute left-sided malignant colorectal obstruction, colorectal stents as well as stoma are being used to relieve the obstructive colorectal cancer, and as a bridge to surgery, allowing easy mobilization and resection of the colon. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with self-expanding metal stents or neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with stoma can be used as a bridge to elective surgery as an alternative to emergency surgery in patients with acute left-sided malignant colorectal obstruction, but its benefit is uncertain. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and feasibility of neoadjuvant chemotherapy as a bridge to surgery in the treatment of acute left-sided malignant colorectal obstruction.Methods: Data from patients who were admitted withacute left-sided malignant colorectal obstruction between January 2012 and December 2020 were retrospectively reviewed；Patients with peritonitis or bowel perforation were excluded. We performed one-to-two propensity score matching to compare the stoma requirement, postoperative complications, and other short-term oncological outcomes between the neoadjuvant chemotherapy group and surgery groups.Results: There were no differences in intraoperative blood loss, operative time,one-year postoperative mortality, and postoperative tumor markers between the two groups. The 1-year recurrence-free survival (RFS) rates of the surgery group and neoadjuvant chemotherapy group were 91.3% and 96.8%(p=0.562).The neoadjuvant chemotherapy group was able to reduce stoma rate one year after surgery(p =0.047).Besides,the neoadjuvant group significantly reduced postoperative bowel function time (p <0.001), postoperative hospital stay (p <0.001), total hospital stay (p = 0.002), postoperative complications (p = 0.017),and fewer access to intensive care unit treatment(p = 0.042).Conclusions: The use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy as a bridge to elective surgery in patients with acute left-sided malignant colorectal obstruction has many advantages, including faster recovery bowel function, enables early closure of the colostomy,reduce the incidence of postoperative complications, fewer transitions to intensive care unit or treatment,and reduce postoperative hospital stay. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy as a bridge to elective surgery for acute left-sided malignant colorectal obstruction is safe and feasible.
Croton yellow vein leaf curl virus: a novel begomovirus infecting Croton bonplandianum in India
Authors: G Sravya , Prabhudas Sudheesh K , Sharma Susheel Kumar , Mandal Bikash , Roy Anirban , A Swapnageetanjali 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Here we report the complete nucleotide sequence of the begomovirus associated with new yellow vein diseases of Croton bonplandianum. Severe leaf curl and yellow vein symptoms on C. bonpandiaum were recorded in the surveys conducted at Trichy, Tamil Nadu, India during August, 2016. The complete genome sequence of RCA-amplified clone WK3 (2773 bp in length) shared highest nucleotide sequence identity of 89.62% and 89.26% with papaya leaf curl virus (PaLCuV) (MK087120) and bhendi yellow vein Bhubaneshwar virus (BYVBhV) (FJ589571) respectively which is below the species demarcation threshold of 91% of begomoviruses Phylogenetic inference exhibited the placement of WK3 sequence in the clade of BYVBV and PaLCuV with strongly bootstrap. Based on these findings, we propose a new tentative virus species named as Croton yellow vein leaf curl virus for the first time from India.
Attribution of Mental State in Strategic Human-Robot Interactions
Authors: Rossignoli Domenico , Manzi Federico , Gaggioli Andrea , Marchetti Antonella , Massaro Davide , Riva Giuseppe , Maggioni Mario 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The paper, based on an experiment in which human subjects are paired with either another human or an anthropomorphic robot, when playing an iterated prisoner’s dilemma, investigates whether (and how) the level of mental state attributed to an anthropomorphic robot by subjects depends on the the “earnestness” of the robot, i.e. the correspondence of what the robot said and how the robot behaved after a non optimal social outcome is achieved.
An enhanced heterogeneous public key searchable encryption scheme supporting multiple keywords
Authors: Luo Ming , Huang Dashi , Qiu Minrong 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Searchable encryption (SE) technology allows users to use keywords to retrieve encrypted data and ensure that useful plaintext information of encrypted data will not be disclosed. For a secure SE scheme, if it is able to meet the multi-trapdoor privacy (MTP), the security will be improved compare with the traditional SE scheme. However, there are few searchable encryption schemes that can meet the requirement of MTP. In addition, many existing schemes ignore the need of multi keyword search, and both sides of communication use the same cryptosystem and cryptographic parameters, which leads to the problem of low search efficiency and practicability. Therefore, we propose a heterogeneous SE scheme that supports multi-keyword search, provides MTP and allows both sides of communication to be worked in different cryptosystems with different cryptographic parameters. With the use of the random oracle model (ROM), we demonstrate the security of the proposed scheme, and we show the excellent performance of the proposed scheme at the end of the article.
Computed Tomography findings of Intersigmoid Hernia
Authors: Tashiro Yuki , Takeyama Nobuyuki , Kachi Mana , Hori Yoshiro , Kijima Kazuhiro , Umemoto Takahiro , Tanaka Kuniya , Ryu Kiyotaka , Satoh Shuichi , Hashimoto Toshi 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Purpose
To evaluate the computed tomography findings of intersigmoid hernias.
Methods
Between April 2010 and March 2018, seven patients who were surgically diagnosed with intersigmoid hernia from three institutions were enrolled in this study. Two radiologists evaluated imaging findings for the herniated small bowel, the distance between the occlusion point and bifurcation of the left common iliac artery, and its relationships with the surrounding structures.
Results
All patients were male ,and their mean age (standard deviation, range) was 61.0 (13.5, 36–85) years. The mean size of the bowel loops was 5.19 (1.34, 4.0-8.3) cm in the caudal direction, 3.59 (0.79, 2.5–5.1) cm in the lateral, and 3.43 (0.64, 2.5–4.7) cm in the anterior-posterior direction, 37.88 (27.79, 15.6–103.0) cm3 calculated by the length. The obstruction point was located 3.57 (0.59, 2.84–4.70) cm inferior to the bifurcation of the left common iliac artery. In all cases, the small bowel ran under the point that the inferior mesenteric vessels bifurcated to the superior rectal vessels and the sigmoid vessels and formed a sac-like appearance between the left psoas muscle and the sigmoid colon. The ureter ran dorsal to the point of the bowel stenosis, and the left gonadal vein outside the small bowel loops.
Conclusion
In all cases, the small bowel ran under the position of the inferior mesenteric vessel's bifurcation and became strangulated at the anterior of the left ureter, showing a sac-like appearance medial to the left gonadal vein. These findings may be characteristic of the intersigmoid hernia.
Projection of COVID-19 Pandemic - A Deep Learning Approach
Authors: S Marimuthu , Mani Thenmozhi , Joy Melvin , Lakshmanan Jeyaseelan 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Several mathematical models have been developed to project the COVID-19 cases since the beginning of the pandemic, which are helps for administration to plan effectively and strengthening public health services and facilities. Many researchers incorporated long short term memory model (LSTM) and reported a better performance as compared to classical models. However, they have not clearly explained the workflow and steps involved in the LSTM models in a simple manner. Moreover, these models are not popularized among many biomedical researchers due to lack of expertise. Therefore, our aim of the study is to present such models as a tutorial, in a simple way with Python codes using real time data with good amount of instructions so that many researchers could use these methods to project pandemics like COVID-19.Data and Methods: A daily case in India from 1st December 2021 to 10th February 2022, and in UK from 1st May 2021 to 10th February 2022 was used to train the models. We used Convolutional Long Short Term Memory (CNN-LSTM) model and simple LSTM models to forecast COVID-19 cases. Both models were validated using data from 11th - 25th February 2022.Results: CNN-LSTM and simple LSTM models fit very well with R2 0.95 and 0.97 for India. Validation data, RMSE and MAE of CNN-LSTM model were 9972.81 and 8993.33. And these were 19285.57 and 18870.87 for simple LSTM model. The R2 value of CNN-LSTM and simple LSTM models for UK data were 0.77 and 0.84 respectively. And validation data, RMSE was 12111.95 for CNNLSTM and 8935.75 for simple LSTM. The MAE of CNN-LSTM and simple LSTM model were 10060.9 and 7824.821 respectively.Conclusion: Simple LSTM model works better than CNN-LSTM model while training. The performance of CNN is better in the validation for India. Therefore, our suggestion is, train various models instead of sticking into one model to project the future cases and report the range of values. Revise the models weekly once or once in a couple of week as the behaviour of an epidemic may change over a time.
Optimizing Hill Climbing Algorithm Parameters for Generation of Cryptographically Strong S-Boxes
Authors: Kuznetsov Alexandr , Romeo Luca , Poluyanenko Nikolay , Kandiy Sergey , Kuznetsova Kateryna 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Nonlinear substitutions (S-boxes) are an important component of modern symmetric ciphers. They are designed to complicate the plaintext-ciphertext dependency. According to modern ideas, the S-box should be bijective, have high nonlinearity and algebraic immunity, low delta uniformity and linear redundancy. These criteria directly affect the cryptographic strength of ciphers, providing resistance to statistical, linear, algebraic, differential, and other cryptanalysis techniques. Many researchers have used various heuristic techniques to generate random S-boxes with high nonlinearity. However, the complexity of this task is still high. For example, the best-known algorithm to generate a random 8-bit bijective S-box with nonlinearity 104 requires high computational effort (i.e. more than 65 thousand intermediate estimates [search iterations]). In this article, we explore an iterative hill-climbing algorithm and optimize the heuristic search parameters. We show that the complexity of generating S-boxes can be significantly reduced. To search for a random bijective S-box with nonlinearity 104, only about 50 thousand intermediate search iterations are required. In addition, we generate Cryptographically Strong S-Boxes for which additional criteria are provided. We present estimates of the complexity of the search and estimates of the probabilities of generating substitutions with various cryptographic indicators. The extracted results demonstrate a significant improvement in our approach compared to the state of the art in terms of providing linear nonredundancy, nonlinearity (104), algebraic immunity (3) and delta uniformity (8).
Numerical Simulation of Indoor Living Wall Effects Using an Evapotranspiration Model in Hygroscopic Porous Medium
Authors: Moosavi Rouhollah , Lin Cheng-Xian , Zhu Yimin , Chen Yan 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The potential effect of a living wall on the indoor temperature and humidity of a room is numerically modeled and investigated through a novel approach. The studied room has a dimension of \(10 m\times 6 m\times 3 m\) with part of the wall areas covered by a living wall. The water transportation process in the active living wall, which is composed of transpiration from leaves and evaporation from potting media, was simulated as evaporation from a hygroscopic porous medium material. The governing equations of fluid flow, moisture transport, and heat transfer were solved simultaneously. The Navier–Stokes equations were used for fluid flow fields for the convective transport and Brinkman and Darcy’s law for single and multiphase flow in porous media. The inlet conditions are the ambient temperature of 298 K, the humidity of 10% and 40%, with the mass flux set at 0.01–0.16 kg/m2.s and the inlet velocity set at 0.1–1.5 m/s. The results revealed that an active living wall can improve the comfort conditions of the indoor environment, with relative humidity up to 75% and decreased temperature up to 5 K degrees. In addition, results showed that increasing the percentage of plant leaf cover to the total surface (1–100%) significantly increased relative humidity and reduced room temperature.