bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CEA Dynamics for Prediction of Response after Anti-EGFR Monoclonal Antibodies Treatment in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Kang Sora , Kim Sun Young , Hong Yong Sang , Kim Tae Won , Choi Ki Eun , Kim Min Jung , Kim Jeong Eun 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is the most widely used tumor marker in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC), but its potential as a predictive marker of progression in mCRC during systemic chemotherapy, particularly in patients receiving monoclonal antibodies as a combination therapy, has remained a question of interest. We here investigated whether CEA changes could predict disease progression and clinical outcomes in mCRC patients who had been co-administered systemic chemotherapy and biologic agents. Methods: A total of 1261 mCRC patients undergoing a first-line systemic treatment were included in this retrospective study. We analyzed the optimal cut-off for CEA changes to predict progression at the first re-evaluation by the treatment arm (chemotherapy alone, chemotherapy plus anti-VEGF monoclonal antibodies [mAb], and chemotherapy plus anti-EGFR mAb). These cut-off values were then used to predict overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Results: When stratified by their treatment arm, 891 (70.6%), 266 (21.0%), and 104 (8.2%) of the study patients were included in the chemotherapy alone-, anti-VEGF mAb-, and anti-EGFR mAb groups, respectively. The optimal CEA cut-off values were 16.5% and 38.9% increase in the whole cohort and anti-EGFR mAb group, respectively, and showed high sensitivity and specificity for predicting disease progression. The patients in the entire population and anti-EGFR mAb group with CEA changes below these cut-off values had significantly better OS and PFS outcomes. Among the mCRC cases treated with the anti-VEGF mAb, no associations were found between the OS and PFS outcomes, and CEA changes. Conclusion: CEA is potentially a good surrogate marker for predicting disease progression and survival outcomes in mCRC patients receiving first-line systemic chemotherapy, especially when combined with anti-EGFR mAb.
A two-layers automultiscopic display as a resistant device to shoulder-surfing attacks
Authors: Carmona-Ballester David , Bonaque-González Sergio , Trujillo-Sevilla Juan M. , Gómez-Cárdenas Oscar , Rodríguez-Ramos José M. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Shoulder surfing is a term that implies the theft of sensitive information when interacting with digital devices. It is of particular concern when authenticating in public places. We present a passive method to prevent it based on the use of an automultiscopic display, originally designed to generate three-dimensional effects, to project different images in each direction, producing a blurry image unrecog-nizable to any shoulder surfer; while the genuine user can observe the display without penalty. We demonstrate that it is possible to achieve privacy criteria using two digital displays operating at 133 Hz by choosing the blocked views as prudently filtered versions of the original pattern. In addition, we propose a merit function that allows to automatically evaluate the readability of each displayed view.
Analysis of the Clinical and Radiological Outcomes of Percutaneous Cervical Nucleoplasty: A Case–Control Study
Authors: Chiu Cheng-Di , Chen Chien-Hua , Chiu You-Pen , Ji Hui-Ru , Wu Chin-Ying , Guo Jeng-Hung , Hsiao I-Han , Chen Chao-Hsuan , Chen Chun-Chung , Cho Der-Yang , Jaw Fu-Shan 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Percutaneous cervical nucleoplasty (PCN) is a simple, safe, and effective treatment for contained cervical herniated intervertebral disc (CHIVD). However, few studies have compared the actual benefits of PCN against conservative treatment (CT), either clinically or radiographically.Purpose: The present study sought to analyze and to compare the outcomes of symptomatic contained CHIVD treated with PCN or CT.Methods: The present study was designed as a case–control comparative study. Until 2021, patients who indicated for PCN after a failed CT for more than 6 months were recruited. After the exclusion of some patients who did not meet the selection criteria of the study, we finally enrolled 71 patients treated with PCN. In addition, another 21 patients who indicated for PCN but finally chose to receive CT continuously were also enrolled and categorized as the control group. All patients completed the 6-month follow-up. Pain levels and functional outcomes were evaluated pre- and post-operatively by assessing the visual analog scale (VAS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), and Neck Disability Index (NDI). Radiographic images of 72 of 104 intervened segments were collected to measure disc height and other cervical spinal alignments, such as range of motion, C2–7 Cobb's angle, and C2–7 sagittal vertical axis.Results: Compared with the CT group, the PCN group showed significantly better outcomes on VAS, ODI, and NDI at the 1-month post-operative follow-up, which continued through at least the 6-month follow-up (P < 0.01 for VAS and P < 0.05 for ODI and NDI). The mean disc height significantly decreased, from 6.04 ± 0.85 mm to 5.76 ± 1.02 mm, 3 months after PCN treatment (P = 0.003). However, the degree of disc height decrease did not correlate with the changes of the substantial VAS improvement.Conclusions: To provide therapeutic benefits for symptomatic contained CHIVD patients after an invalid CT for 6 months, PCN seems to be a better option than CT. The reduced disc heights did not alter the clinical outcomes of PCN.
Properties of sands of different geological origins in mortars
Authors: Yannick Tchedele Langollo , Alim Bilkissou , Mfokou Abdou Nasser Njoya , Taïga Oumar Ali , Jalil Njoya Moussa , Raphael Belinga Essama Boum , Richard Mache Jacques 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This work is a comparative study between sand mortars of different geological origins, intending to highlight their influence on mortar properties. For this purpose, five sand types and the cement CEM II/B-P 42.5R were used for the formulation of mortars with identical W/C ratios. These are the "Sanaga" sand from the Sanaga River, the "Wouri" sand from the Wouri River, the Nyambaka basalt sand, the Meiganga granite sand, and the Leboudi gneiss sand. These sands were characterized and classified according to their physical, chemical, and mineralogical properties. They were then used to make mortars. From the results of the setting time tests carried out on the mortars, it appears that the initial setting time varies from 195 min for MS04 to 210 min for MGN03, while passing by MW05 (200 min), MB01 (198 min), and MGR02 (196 min). The final setting time varied from 496 min (MGR01) to 510 min (MGN03) with an average of 300 min over and above the initial setting time to reach the final setting time. The flexural strength tests of the mortars show that the crushed sands have better properties than the alluvial sands. They vary from 1.64 to 2.18 MPa at 2 days, from 3 to 3.90 MPa at 7 days, and from 7 to 14.84 MPa at 28 days. As for the compressive stress tests, the results show that the quarry sand mortars studied have higher average compressive strengths than the alluvial sand mortars, with basalt sand offering the best performance. These strengths range from 6.35 to 10.83 MPa at 2 days, 7.55 to 18.96 MPa at 7 days, and 22.81 to 34.58 MPa at 28 days, with 34.58 MPa for the basalt mortar. The mineralogical analysis of the mortars reveals the presence of cement hydrates and non-hydrated phases in all the mortars. They also show the absence of minerals brought by the sands that could chemically interfere in the setting process.
Usefulness of contrast-enhanced echocardiography in the diagnosis of aortic arch pseudoaneurysm
Authors: Zhang Xin , Wu Wenqian , Li He , Fang Lingyun , Li Yuman , Xie Mingxing 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
We report a case of a 51-year-old woman with a aortic arch pseudoaneurysm first diagnosed by contrast-enhanced echocardiography. We believe that with careful scanning and image interpretation of arch lesions, contrast-enhanced echocardiography can serve as a reliable imaging method to diagnose aortic arch pseudoaneurysms, especially when the patient cannot undergo CTA and MRI.
Reduction of Body Fat Mass by Cryolipolysis without Changes in Clinical Biomarkers Levels
Authors: Ferreiraᵃ Bruno Gonçalves , Stroparo Elenice , Cezar-dos-Santos Fernando , Pestanaᵃ Cezar Rangel 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Cryolipolysis is a non-invasive cooling technique used to reduce localized body fat mass. The changes in fat percentage composition have been assessed by many analytical methods, including bioelectrical impedance analysis. The most common effects of cryolipolysis on reducing subcutaneous of visceral fat tissue have been addressed but biochemical parameters to safely evaluated its systemic effects have been not fully understood. This study aims to systematically analyze potential changes in hematological and inflammatory biomarkers following the reduction of body fat mass. A prospective longitudinal approach included a total of 20 participants divided into groups of 5 men and women in each with ages between 25 and 45 years. They were submitted to standard cooling exposure for 60 minutes at -5°C and -10°C with 360° and “shielded” equipment, respectively. The blood samples were analyzed at times T0 (baseline), T1 (2 days), T2 (14 days), T3 (30 days) and T4 (60 days) after the procedure. The percentage of body fat mass were analyzed by bioimpedance at times T0 (baseline), T1(30 days), T2 (60 days), T3 (90 days) and T4 (120 days). No changes in hematological and inflammatory biomarkers serum levels were observed in both temperatures. However, bioimpedance analysis revealed a significant reduction in the percentage of body fat mass only in men participants, with a decrease of 28 (24.5/ 29.9) compared to 30 (26.2/ 33.30) when submitted to -5°C after 120 days. These findings support cryolipolysis can be considered an effective and safe method for localized body fat reduction without significant changes in blood biochemical parameters.
Three-center-four-electron halogen bond enables non-metallic complex catalysis for Mukaiyama–Mannich-type reaction at ppm-level catalyst loading
Authors: Oishi Shunya , Fujinami Takeshi , Masui Yu , Suzuki Toshiyasu , Kato Masayuki , Ohtsuka Naoya , MOMIYAMA Norie 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The three-center-four-electron halogen bond (3c4e X-bond) presents a new design concept for catalysis. By integrating halogen(I) (X+: I+ or Br+), bis-pyridyl ligand NN, and non-nucleophilic counter anion Y, we developed non-metallic complex catalysts, [N···X···N]Ys, which exhibited outstanding activity and facilitated the Mukaiyama–Mannich-type reaction of N-heteroaromatics with ppm-level catalyst loading. The high activity of [N···X···N]SbF6 was clearly demonstrated. NMR titration experiments, CSI-MS, computations, and UV-vis spectroscopic studies suggest that the robust catalytic activity of [N···X···N]Y can be attributed to the unique feature of the 3c4e X-bond for binding chloride: i) the partial covalent nature transforms [N···X···N]+ complexation to sp2CH as a hydrogen bonding donor site, and ii) the noncovalent property allows for the dissociation of [N···X···N]+ for the formation of [Cl···X···Cl]–. This study introduces a new application of 3c4e X-bonds for catalysis via halogen(I) complexes.
Advantages and disadvantages of vitrectomy combined with cataract surgery in the treatment of patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy: a meta-analysis
Authors: Meng Bo , Li Shuang , Huang Yingxiang , Wang Kang , Luo Lihua , Zhang Taoran , Yan Bojing , Zhao Lu , Wang Yanling 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose To evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of vitrectomy combined with cataract surgery compared with simple vitrectomy without cataract surgery in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Methods PubMed, EMBASE, CBM, COCHRANE, CNKI, WANFANG and VIP databases were systematically reviewed. Complications include transient ocular hypertension, corneal edema, anterior chamber inflammation, posterior synechia of iris, iris neovascularization, posterior capsular opacification, recurrent vitreous hemorrhage, macular edema and hard exudate of retina. Results Seventeen studies that included 1630 eyes were selected. The proportion of anterior chamber inflammation (OR = 2.15; P= 0.03) was higher in combined group than simple group. The proportions of iris neovascularization (OR = 0.40; P = 0.0002), vitreous hemorrhage (OR = 0.46; P = 0.02), macular edema (OR = 0.28; P = 0.007), hard exudation of retina (OR = 0.26; P = 0.004) and posterior capsular opacification (OR = 0.42; P = 0.006) were lower in combined group than simple group. The proportions of corneal edema, high intraocular pressure and iris synechia between two groups were similar. Conclusion Vitrectomy combined with cataract surgery could reduce retinal ischemia related complications than simple vitrectomy at the cost of increasing anterior chamber inflammation. Combined surgery should be considered first after weighing the advantages and disadvantages.
Peatland plant functional type effects on decomposition factors are non-pervasive, but microhabitat dependent
Authors: Sahar Najam e , Robroek Bjorn JM , Mills Robert TE , Dumont Marc G , Barel Janna M 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Despite their low primary production, ombrotrophic peatlands are important long-term sinks for atmospheric carbon due to even lower rates of litter decomposition. Litter decomposition can be affected by plant functional types (PFTs; Graminoids, Ericoids) and microhabitat (hummock, lawn), but the microhabitat context-dependency of PFT effects on decomposition processes remains poorly understood. We used a long-term (> 10 yr) plant removal experiment, in conjunction with the Tea Bag Index (TBI), to explore how PFT removal in both hummock and lawn microhabitats influence decomposition. In parallel, we assessed potential activity of five extracellular hydrolytic enzymes as proxies for microbial activity. Our results indicate that PFT removal had no effect on the TBI decomposition constant ( k ), nor on the stabilisation factor (S). Yet, k increased slightly when both PFTs were absent. In the lawns, we observed higher values of S as compared to hummocks. A similar trend was observed for the decomposition rate constant ( k ). PFT compostion influenced the potential hyrolytic EEAs underlying decomposition process, however this influence was non-pervasive and depended on microhabitat. Our results suggest an important role for vegetation change – through their influence on enzyme activity – along the lawn-hummock gradient in regulating decomposition processes in northern peatlands. Our results highlight it is important to monitor the interplay between plant functional type composition and microhabitat in order to understand decomposition processes in peatlands.
Targeting the Post-Synaptic Proteome in Alzheimer Disease with Psychosis
Authors: Krivinko Josh , DeChellis-Marks Michael , Zeng Lang , Fan Peihao , Lopez Oscar , Ding Ying , Wang Lirong , Kofler Julia , MacDonald Matthew , Sweet Robert 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Individuals with Alzheimer Disease with psychotic symptoms (AD + P) experience more rapid cognitive and functional decline, and have reduced indices of synaptic integrity, relative to those without psychosis (AD-P). We hypothesized the postsynaptic density (PSD) proteome is altered in AD + P relative to AD-P, and that this proteomic signature could be used to nominate novel pharmacotherapies. Liquid-Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry analysis of PSDs from dorsolateral prefrontal cortex of AD + P, AD-P and cognitively normal elderly subjects. The PSD proteome signature of AD + P was characterized by lower levels of proteins regulating Rho GTPases and the actin cytoskeleton. Potential novel therapies identified included the C-C Motif Chemokine Receptor 5 inhibitor, maraviroc. AD + P is characterized by broad changes in the PSD proteome in prefrontal cortex. Further testing of potential therapies for their ability to reverse these changes and protect against psychotic-like behaviors in model systems is warranted.
Downhill running improves bone metabolism through Sirt1/NF-κB signaling pathway in diabetic mice
Authors: Chen Xianghe , Lu Pengcheng , Jin Shengjie , Zeng Xinyu , Liu Chi , Qiu Xiao , Sun Kaihong 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
(1) Objective: To explore the change of bone resorption metabolism in T2DM mice as well as the effect of different exercise on the OC differentiation and bone resorption metabolism in T2DM mice through Sirt1/NF-κB pathway. (2) Methods: A total of 55 4-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into normal control group (NC) (12 mice) and T2DM modeling group (n=43). After modeling, the T2DM mice were randomized into T2DM control group (TDC, n=13), T2DM high-intensity intermittent exercise group (TDG, n=13) and T2DM downhill running group (TDP, n=14). Group TDG and group TDP were trained by 8-week high-intensity intermittent exercise and downhill running respectively. After the interventions, related factors in the bone were detected for mRNA expression by RT-PCR, and for protein expression by West-blotting technique. TRAP staining was used to detect the quantity of OCs and multinuclear OCs induced by BMM induced differentiation, and ELISA to detect the serum tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (StrACP) activity. Groups of mice were observed for morphological structure of bone tissue by HE staining and Safranin O-Fast Green staining. (3) Results: Compared with group NC, the cancellous bone and cortical bone thickness were significantly degraded in TDC group, inhibition of OC differentiation in T2DM mice resulted in a decrease in serum StrACP activity, and down-regulation of Sirt1 expression in T2DM mice bone resulted in activation of the NF-κB pathway. After 8 weeks of training, the up-regulation of Sirt1 expression in the bone of TDG and TDP mice inhibited the NF-kB pathway, inhibited OC differentiation and serum AP activity in T2DM mice, and significantly improved the thickness of cancellous and cortical bone in the distal femur and tibia of T2DM mice. However, TDP is significantly better than TDG in improving the changes of the above related indicators. (4) Conclusion: The bone resorption/metabolism in T2DM mice was enhanced. Downhill running activated Sirt1 expression in the bone of T2DM mice, and then inhibited the NF-κB pathway, thus suppressing OC differentiation and bone resorption/metabolism, and its effect was better than that of high-intensity intermittent exercise.
Associations between dietary patterns and an array of inflammation biomarkers and plasma lipid profile in postmenopausal women
Authors: Ilesanmi-Oyelere Bolaji L. , Kruger Marlena C. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Objective and design: In this study, evaluation of the association of four dietary patterns with an array of biomarkers of systemic inflammation and lipid profile among 80 New Zealand postmenopausal women were conducted. Materials: Four dietary patterns were identified by principal component analysis (PCA) and plasma samples collected for inflammatory biomarkers and lipid profile measures. Results: There were negative correlations between intake of dietary fibre, soluble and insoluble non-starch polysaccharides (NSP), vitamin C and niacin and with almost all the inflammatory markers. Vegetables, tea/coffee and especially fruits were negatively correlated with the inflammatory biomarkers. High intake of Pattern 1 (potato, bread, and fruit pattern) was associated with a low risk of high IFN-α2, IFN-λ, IL-6 and IL-8 levels while a high intake of Pattern 3 (fast-food pattern) was associated high risk of IFN-α2 levels. Multiple linear regression showed a negative correlation between Pattern 2 (soups and vegetables pattern) and levels of CRP as well as ferritin. Positive association was observed between Pattern 3 (fast-food pattern) and CRP levels. Positive correlation was also observed between Pattern 2 and HDL and total cholesterol (TC) levels, Pattern 4 (meat and vegetables pattern) was however negatively correlated with TC, LDL and TC/HDL ratio. Conclusions: The result of this study reinforces the contribution and role of diet in modifying inflammation in postmenopausal women.
The effects of a three-day mountain bike cycling race on the autonomic nervous system (ANS) and heart rate variability in amateur cyclists
Authors: Swart Anton 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Increased endurance exercise at high intensities may cause an acute reduction in cardiac function, causing a physiological cascade that releases cardiac biomarkers. Heart rate variability (HRV) is a physiological measurement used to evaluate the autonomic nervous system (ANS) state. This study set out to determine the changes in the ANS by participating in a three-day endurance mountain bike cycling event using HRV as an outcome measure.Methods: Sixteen healthy participants (male and female) participating in a three-day endurance mountain bike cycling event underwent five-minute resting electrocardiography (ECG) recordings in a supine position. In addition, heart rate variability measurements were recorded two days before the race (baseline testing), after each race day, and at 24-hour post-event (recovery).Results: Time-domain and frequency domain measures showed significant changes from baseline HRV parameters after each race day (p≤0.05). These changes reflected an increase in sympathetic activity and parasympathetic withdrawal after each day of the event. In addition, our data revealed that the mean heart rate (HR) and R-R variability variables did not return to baseline values after 24-hours of recovery, reflecting autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysfunction and that changes persisted for at least up to 24-hours post-event.Conclusions: Our study demonstrated that competing in an endurance mountain bike cycling event led to diminished vagal activity and decreased HRV throughout the event, which persisted for at least 24-hours post-event. The body was under continuous sympathetic dominance and parasympathetic withdrawal at rest and each racing day, implying that each race day inflicts significant physiological stress. This physiological stress causes a disturbance in homeostasis and an increase in ANS dysfunction. This dysfunction has implications for further research, including dysrhythmia risk and monitoring of athletes in advising participation and returning to strenuous activity post-endurance events.