bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High calcium and strontium uptake by the green microalgaTetraselmis chuiis related to micropearl formation and cell growth
Authors: Segovia‐Campos Inés , Filella Montserrat , Perron Karl , Ariztegui Daniel 
Published: September 2022

AbstractStrontium‐rich micropearls (intracellular inclusions of amorphous calcium carbonate) have been observed in several species of green microalgae within the class Chlorodendrophyceae, suggesting the potential use of these organisms for90Sr bioremediation purposes. However, very little is known about the micropearl formation process and the Ca and Sr uptake dynamics of these microalgae. To better understand this phenomenon, we investigated, through laboratory cultures, the behaviour of two species within the class Chorodendrophyceae:Tetraselmis chui, forming micropearls, andT. marina, not forming micropearls. We show thatT. chuigrowth and micropearl formation requires available Ca in the culture medium, and that the addition of dissolved Sr can partially replace the function of Ca in cells. On the other hand,T. marinacan grow without added Ca and Sr, probably due to its inability to form micropearls.T. chuicells show a high Ca and Sr uptake, significantly decreasing the concentration of both elements in the culture medium. Strontium is incorporated in micropearls in a short period of time, suggesting that micropearl formation is, most likely, a fast process that only takes a few hours. In addition, we show that micropearls equally distribute between daughter cells during cell division.
A Simple Approach to Better Distinguish Real Earnings Manipulation from Strategy Changes*
Authors: Christensen Theodore E. , Huffman Adrienna , Lewis‐Western Melissa F. , Valentine Kristen 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACTResearchers typically infer real earnings management when a firm's operating and investing activities differ from industry norms. A significant problem with classifying deviations from industry averages as myopic earnings management is that companies can change their operating and investing decisions for strategic business reasons rather than to mislead stakeholders. Using principal components analysis, we systematically evaluate existing measures and develop a comprehensive real activities measure to better capture earnings manipulation. Our measure reflects (i) deviations from industry averages across multiple activities and (ii) other signals of manipulation. This approach is promising because, although there are many sources of abnormal activities, manipulation is more likely the cause when managers engage in multiple income‐increasing abnormal activities that coincide with other signals that indicate an elevated risk of manipulation. This simple approach results in a metric that associates negatively with future operating performance and earnings persistence, yields high‐power tests, and captures manipulation reasonably well across most life‐cycle stages. Importantly, this approach performs better than the standard real earnings management metrics across all dimensions. Specifically, it generates the expected reduction in future earnings and reduced earnings persistence in 82% of the tests compared to 36% and 46% in common alternatives. Also, because this innovation does not require a long time‐series or rely on future period realizations for classification, it can be useful in more research settings than other recent innovations in the literature.
Knowledge translation for nursing care for patients with Risk of perioperative positioning injury: A case report
Authors: Bjorklund‐Lima Luciana , Müller‐Staub Maria , Rejane Rabelo‐Silva Eneida 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPurposeThe aim was to apply the Advanced Nursing Process and demonstrating procedures of surgical positioning, as well as to show the participating the Nursing Outcomes Classification findings in order to translate the knowledge on specific preventive perioperative positioning into practice, the review of clinical protocols and nursing care plan.MethodsThe methods used include case report about knowledge translation by applying training modalities, review and adaptation of clinical protocols and examination of nursing care plans.FindingsOne hundred and nine healthcare providers attended the training, including nurses and nursing technicians working in the surgical center and the outpatient surgical center of the hospital chosen for this study. The surgical positioning protocols were revised based on the evidence described in the literature and the main surgical guidelines. The review of care registered in the institution's electronic system for the nursing prescription stage of the diagnosis Risk of perioperative positioning injury was based on the review on evidence on risk factors, the main guidelines in the area and the interventions suggested by Nursing Intervention Classification. The electronic system had registered 14 cares for this diagnosis, and after the review, one care was excluded and eight new cares were included, totaling 21 cares.ConclusionNursing teams play a prominent role in positioning patients for surgery, protecting them in a moment of extreme vulnerability, thus making knowledge about the fundamental elements of surgical positioning essential. This emphasizes the importance of training, and of reviewing protocols and records of procedures that promote safety to patients and care teams.Implication for nursing practiceThe translation of knowledge about the Advanced Nursing Process in the perioperative area contributes to the refinement of classifications and standardization of language in this scenario, subsidizing an evidence‐based clinical practice.
Impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on mental health in parents of infants with colic and on healthcare use
Authors: de Graaf Karola , Hartjes Robin , Barbian Claudia , Oberink Ebba Gustafsson , Vlieger Arine M. , Benninga Marc A. , Kruijff Ineke de 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAimTo examine the impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on the mental health of parents of infants with colic and on healthcare use.MethodsRetrospective cohort study. Data of 64 parents of infants with colic prepandemic and 43 parents of infants with colic during the pandemic were analysed using validated questionnaires on parental stress, depression and anxiety. Additionally, we evaluated the number of outpatient clinic visits and admission rates pre‐ and during the pandemic by collecting data on the diagnosis treatment combination ‘excessive crying’ from electronic patient files in three secondary hospitals in the Netherlands.ResultsMothers in the pandemic group reported significantly higher levels of depression than mothers in the prepandemic group (12.3 ± 7.0 and 8.8 ± 5.2; p = 0.04). Moreover, mothers showed a trend towards higher stress levels during the pandemic (29.6 ± 9.6 and 25.2 ± 8.1; p = 0.06). During the pandemic, admission numbers of infants with colic compared to prepandemic data increased with 34% (146 vs. 196).ConclusionMothers of infants with colic reported significantly more feelings of depression during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Furthermore, the pandemic was associated with increased healthcare use amongst infants with colic. With the continuing pandemic, we recommend active perinatal support for this vulnerable population.
Editorial: wireless pH‐monitoring—is it time to put away the pH‐impedance catheters?
Authors: Ang Daphne , Fox Mark 
Published: September 2022

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Yadlapat et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17180 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17218
Moral experts as members of ethics commissions as seen through the prism of comprehensive doctrines
Authors: Hegstad Eilev 
Published: September 2022

AbstractEthics commissions provide expert advice to governments on what policies to implement regarding pressing ethical issues, most often in bioethics. These commissions distinguish themselves by having members from the professions we are most likely to think of as moral experts, if we believe that these exist. The relationship between moral experts and the composition of ethics commissions is worthy of further exploration, especially because of the highly controversial nature of whether moral expertise exists and, if so, how, and whether, we can identify moral experts. Moreover, it has been argued that the emergence of ethics commissions and how they have been composed have led to a “thinner” debate. In the first part of the article, the problem regarding checks for identifying moral experts is discussed. I argue that one way to handle this difficulty is through the application of Rawls’ concept of comprehensive doctrines. These doctrines have inherent standards that function similarly to independent checks, making it possible to identify moral experts from within such different doctrines. Using this approach makes it manageable to appoint moral experts to ethics commissions. In the second part, I consider the implications of seeing moral expertise through the prism of comprehensive doctrines for the composition of ethics commissions. One natural conclusion is that we should select moral experts representing different reasonable comprehensive doctrines to serve as members of ethics commissions. I consider six challenges to my proposal and demonstrate why these lack merit, and I point out some practical concerns that need further inquiry.
Recommendations for child welfare care reform in the global south: Perspectives of 542 adults who were separated from parental care during childhood in 12 nations
Authors: Wilke Nicole Gilbertson , Roberts Megan , Forber‐Pratt Ian , Njeri Grace , Howard Amanda Hiles 
Published: September 2022

AbstractA robust literature has outlined the risks to children separated from parental care. Recently, there has been an effort to reform services to this population. However, the research driving reform has often neglected the voices of adults with care experience, especially those from the Global South. The current research explored recommendations for care reform from 542 adults who had experienced alternative care during childhood in 12 nations in the Global South. Data revealed three themes to improve care: (1) child focus and participation, (2) the need for family placements, and (3) the importance of support services. Implications are discussed.
Maxillary bar overdentures on four or six posterior implants: 10‐year results from a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Slot Wim , Raghoebar Gerry M. , Cune Marco S. , Vissink Arjan , Meijer Henny J. A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo compare clinical and patient‐reported outcomes when providing maxillary overdentures on four and six splinted implants placed in the posterior region during a 10‐year follow‐up period.Materials and MethodsSixty‐six edentulous participants with functional maxillary denture complaints and insufficient bone volume to allow implant placement were scheduled for a bone augmentation procedure. After healing, participants were randomized to receive either four or six implants in the posterior maxilla. After 3 months of osseointegration, a bar overdenture was constructed. Implant survival, overdenture survival, clinical scores, peri‐implant bone height changes, and patient satisfaction were assessed.ResultsForty‐six participants completed the 10‐year follow‐up. Implant survival was 100% in the 4‐implant group and 96.7% in the 6‐implant group. Seven new overdentures were made in the 4‐implant group and 12 new overdentures were made in the 6‐implant group due to excessive wear of the denture base and teeth. Clinical parameters did not differ significantly between groups. Mean marginal bone loss compared to baseline was 0.41 ± 0.37 mm in the 4‐implant group and 0.70 ± 1.07 mm in the 6‐implant group. Overall, patient satisfaction improved significantly, but did not differ between groups.ConclusionFrom this 10‐year follow‐up trial, it was concluded that bar maxillary overdentures on four or six implants in the posterior region of an augmented maxilla resulted in a comparable treatment outcome with high implant survival, limited loss of peri‐implant marginal bone, and high patients' satisfaction. (Clinical trial registration number: NTR9729).
Dietary weight loss intervention provides improvement of gastroesophageal reflux disease symptoms—A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Valentini Dirceu Felipe , Fernandes Daieni , Campos Vinicius Jardim , Mazzini Guilherme Silva , Gurski Richard R. 
Published: September 2022

SummaryTo evaluate the effect of dietary interventions aimed at weight loss in gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) symptoms and general health‐related quality of life (HRQL) in overweight and obese patients. A population of GERD patients were randomized into two groups: the intervention group received individualized dietary counselling on scheduled appointments throughout 6 months of follow‐up (n = 31) and the control group received only informative dietary guidelines on baseline (n = 31). Anthropometric data were monthly collected, and the HRQL score for GERD (GERD‐HRQL) and the Health Survey (SF‐36) questionnaires were applied on baseline and reevaluated at the end of follow‐up. Dietary intervention led to an average weight loss of 4.4 kg (±5.3) and an average BMI reduction of 1.7 kg/m2 (±2.9) compared to an increase in weight of 2.1 kg (±4.4) (p < .001) and an increase in BMI of 1.3 (±6.3) (p = 0.023) in the control group. Individuals in the intervention group had a mean decrease in symptoms of 6.8 (±5.5) points while the control group had worsening of their symptoms with an increase of 3.3 (±4) points (p < .001) in the disease‐specific questionnaire. There was a positive association between weight loss and reduction of symptoms as measured by the GERD‐HRQL score (r = .49; p < .001). Dietary intervention for 6 months with an individualized low‐calorie diet program produces weight loss and a significant improvement in GERD‐related symptoms, as well as in HRQL.
Attention‐based convolutional neural network deep learning approach for robust malware classification
Authors: Ravi Vinayakumar , Alazab Mamoun 
Published: September 2022

AbstractRecently, transforming windows files into images and its analysis using machine learning and deep learning have been considered as a state‐of‐the art works for malware detection and classification. This is mainly due to the fact that image‐based malware detection and classification is platform independent, and the recent surge of success of deep learning model performance in image classification. Literature survey shows that convolutional neural network (CNN) deep learning methods are successfully employed for image‐based windows malware classification. However, the malwares were embedded in a tiny portion in the overall image representation. Identifying and locating these affected tiny portions is important to achieve a good malware classification accuracy. In this work, a multi‐headed attention based approach is integrated to a CNN to locate and identify the tiny infected regions in the overall image. A detailed investigation and analysis of the proposed method was done on a malware image dataset. The performance of the proposed multi‐headed attention‐based CNN approach was compared with various non‐attention‐CNN‐based approaches on various data splits of training and testing malware image benchmark dataset. In all the data‐splits, the attention‐based CNN method outperformed non‐attention‐based CNN methods while ensuring computational efficiency. Most importantly, most of the methods show consistent performance on all the data splits of training and testing and that illuminates multi‐headed attention with CNN model's generalizability to perform on the diverse datasets. With less number of trainable parameters, the proposed method has achieved an accuracy of 99% to classify the 25 malware families and performed better than the existing non‐attention based methods. The proposed method can be applied on any operating system and it has the capability to detect packed malware, metamorphic malware, obfuscated malware, malware family variants, and polymorphic malware. In addition, the proposed method is malware file agnostic and avoids usual methods such as disassembly, de‐compiling, de‐obfuscation, or execution of the malware binary in a virtual environment in detecting malware and classifying malware into their malware family.
Impact of NFIB and CYP1A variants on clozapine serum concentration—A retrospective naturalistic cohort study on 526 patients with known smoking habits
Authors: Lenk Hasan Çağın , Løvsletten Smith Robert , O'Connell Kevin S. , Jukić Marin M. , Kringen Marianne Kristiansen , Andreassen Ole A. , Ingelman‐Sundberg Magnus , Molden Espen 
Published: September 2022

AbstractClinical response of clozapine is closely associated with serum concentration. Although tobacco smoking is the key environmental factor underlying interindividual variability in clozapine metabolism, recent genome‐wide studies suggest that CYP1A and NFIB genetic variants may also be of significant importance, but their quantitative impact is unclear. We investigated the effects of the rs2472297 C>T (CYP1A) and rs28379954 T>C (NFIB) polymorphisms on serum concentrations in smokers and nonsmokers. The study retrospectively included 526 patients with known smoking habits (63.7% smokers) from a therapeutic drug monitoring service in Norway. Clozapine dose‐adjusted concentrations (C/D) and patient proportions with subtherapeutic levels (<1070 nmol/L) were compared between CYP1A/NFIB variant allele carriers and homozygous wild‐type carriers (noncarriers), in both smokers and nonsmokers. Clozapine C/D was reduced in patients carrying CYP1A‐T and NFIB‐C variants versus noncarriers, both among smokers (−48%; p < 0.0001) and nonsmokers (−35%; p = 0.028). Patients who smoke carrying CYP1A‐T and NFIB‐C variants had a 66% reduction in clozapine C/D versus nonsmoking noncarriers (p < 0.0001). The patient proportion with subtherapeutic levels was 2.9‐fold higher in patients who smoke carrying NFIB‐C and CYP1A‐T variants versus nonsmoking noncarriers (p < 0.0001). In conclusion, CYP1A and NFIB variants have significant and additive impact on clozapine dose requirements for reaching target serum concentrations. Patients who smoke carrying the studied CYP1A and NFIB variants, comprising 2.5% of the study population, may need threefold higher doses to prevent risk of clozapine undertreatment. The results suggest that pre‐emptive genotyping of NFIB and CYP1A may be utilized to guide clozapine dosing and improve clinical outcomes in patients with treatment‐resistant schizophrenia.
Fine needle aspiration cytology for two cases of ameloblastoma—Key highlights and diagnostic features
Authors: Desai Karishma Madhusudan , Angadi Punnya V. , Kheur Supriya , Datar Uma V. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveFine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is a valuable, noninvasive technique for head and neck pathology diagnosis. The objective of case images was to highlight the utility of FNAC for diagnosing suspected cases of ameloblastoma.MethodFNAC smears of suspected cases of ameloblastoma were evaluated using their cellular and stromal features.ResultsCellular features and background of smears exhibited characteristics of ameloblastoma. Predominant features included clusters of ameloblast‐like cells and spindle cells in a myxoid background.ConclusionCareful evaluation of FNAC helps diagnose ameloblastomas and must be considered a vital diagnostic tool.
Alcohol minimum unit pricing and people experiencing homelessness: A qualitative study of stakeholders' perspectives and experiences
Authors: Dimova Elena D. , Strachan Heather , Johnsen Sarah , Emslie Carol , Whiteford Martin , Rush Robert , Smith Iain , Stockwell Tim , Whittaker Anne , Elliott Lawrie 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIntroductionMinimum unit pricing (MUP) may reduce harmful drinking in the general population, but there is little evidence regarding its impact on marginalised groups. Our study is the first to explore the perceptions of MUP among stakeholders working with people experiencing homelessness following its introduction in Scotland in May 2018.MethodsQualitative semi‐structured interviews were conducted with 41 professional stakeholders from statutory and third sector organisations across Scotland. We explored their views on MUP and its impact on people experiencing homelessness, service provision and implications for policy. Data were analysed using thematic analysis.ResultsParticipants suggested that the introduction of MUP in Scotland had negligible if any discernible impact on people experiencing homelessness and services that support them. Most service providers felt insufficiently informed about MUP prior to its implementation. Participants reported that where consequences for these populations were evident, they were primarily anticipated although some groups were negatively affected. People experiencing homelessness have complex needs in addition to alcohol addiction, and changes in the way services work need to be considered in future MUP‐related discussions.Discussion and ConclusionsThis study suggests that despite initial concerns about potential unintended consequences of MUP, many of these did not materialise to the levels anticipated. As a population‐level health policy, MUP is likely to have little beneficial impact on people experiencing homelessness without the provision of support to address their alcohol use and complex needs. The additional needs of certain groups (e.g., people with no recourse to public funds) need to be considered.
Introducing business analytics in context: An Excel project to analyze product and sales data for inventory purchase decisions
Authors: Grenci Richard T. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis article presents a project that uses a business context to introduce students to a multiphase approach to analytics while relying primarily on an introductory Excel course for prerequisite knowledge. A range of analytics techniques—including Excel Pivot tables and charts, regression trend lines, and linear programming—are combined into an integrative project. Using a customer orders database, student groups took on the role of category management teams assigned to analyze product sales, pricing, and costs to create an optimized purchase plan to replenish inventory. The instructor‐guided project was employed in a sophomore‐level introductory business intelligence course positioned within an undergraduate business core curriculum. Based on the context and level, such a project could be used in a business core course such as fundamentals of business, marketing, operations/supply chain management, information systems, or business analytics.