bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Indian Ocean warming as key driver of long-term positive trend of Arctic Oscillation
Authors: Jeong Yong-Cheol , Yeh Sang-Wook , Lim Young-Kwon , Santoso Agus , Wang Guojian 
Published: July 2022

AbstractArctic oscillation (AO), which is the most dominant atmospheric variability in the Northern Hemisphere (NH) during the boreal winter, significantly affects the weather and climate at mid-to-high latitudes in the NH. Although a climate community has focused on a negative trend of AO in recent decades, the significant positive trend of AO over the last 60 years has not yet been thoroughly discussed. By analyzing reanalysis and Atmospheric Model Inter-comparison Project (AMIP) datasets with pacemaker experiments, we found that sea surface temperature warming in the Indian Ocean is conducive to the positive trend of AO from the late 1950s. The momentum flux convergence by stationary waves due to the Indian Ocean warming plays an important role in the positive trend of AO, which is characterized by a poleward shift of zonal-mean zonal winds. In addition, the reduced upward propagating wave activity flux over the North Pacific due to Indian Ocean warming also plays a role to strengthen the polar vortex, subsequently, it contributes to the positive trend of AO. Our results imply that the respective warming trend of tropical ocean basins including Indian Ocean, which is either anthropogenic forcing or natural variability or their combined effect, should be considered to correctly project the future AO’s trend.
scPCOR-seq enables co-profiling of chromatin occupancy and RNAs in single cells
Authors: Pan Lixia , Ku Wai Lim , Tang Qingsong , Cao Yaqiang , Zhao Keji 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCell-to-cell variation in gene expression is a widespread phenomenon, which may play important roles in cellular differentiation, function, and disease development1–9. Chromatin is implicated in contributing to the cellular heterogeneity in gene expression10–16. Fully understanding the mechanisms of cellular heterogeneity requires simultaneous measurement of RNA and occupancy of histone modifications and transcription factors on chromatin due to their critical roles in transcriptional regulation17,18. We generally term the occupancy of histone modifications and transcription factors as Chromatin occupancy. Here, we report a technique, termed scPCOR-seq (single-cell Profiling of Chromatin Occupancy and RNAs Sequencing), for simultaneously profiling genome-wide chromatin protein binding or histone modification marks and RNA expression in the same cell. We demonstrated that scPCOR-seq can profile either H3K4me3 or RNAPII and RNAs in a mixture of human H1, GM12878 and 293 T cells at a single-cell resolution and either H3K4me3, RNAPII, or RNA profile can correctly separate the cells. Application of scPCOR-seq to the in vitro differentiation of the erythrocyte precursor CD36 cells from human CD34 stem or progenitor cells revealed that H3K4me3 and RNA exhibit distinct properties in clustering cells during differentiation. Overall, our work provides a promising approach to understand the relationships among different omics layers.
Spectrophotometry of the lunar regolith using the Chang’E-3 Panoramic Camera (PCAM)
Authors: Xu T. Y. , Hapke B. , Zhang X. P. , Wu Y. Z. , Lu X. P. 
Published: July 2022

Aims. We present a multiband photometric study of the lunar mare surface based on in situ measurements using the Panoramic Camera on board the Chang'E-3 mission. We aim to obtain photometric properties and to investigate the differences in measuring sites in various conditions.
Methods. Data were collected with a vast range of phase angles from 0.5° to 160°, probing 0–5° phases to constrain the opposition effect (OE) and phases above 120° to constrain the phase function. Stray light and spectral corrections were conducted to calibrate the regolith’s bidirectional reflectance distribution function. We employed the Hapke photometric model to describe the regolith’s photometric properties.
Results. Phase functions and Hapke parameters at three measuring sites were retrieved. The mare regolith at the measuring sites had a single-scattering albedo (SSA) of 0.17-0.21 for the green channel and exhibited backscattering and a strong OE. The coherent backscatter opposition effect (CBOE) represented the majority of OE, with a proportion of around 80% for pristine regolith. The phase ratio curves were arch-shaped, and the arch positions of the curves were associated with grain size.
Exploring the Immunotherapeutic Potential of Oleocanthal against Murine Cutaneous Leishmaniasis
Authors: Karampetsou Kalliopi , Koutsoni Olga S. , Badounas Fotis , Angelis Apostolis , Gogou Georgia , Skaltsounis Leandros-Alexios , Halabalaki Maria , Dotsika Eleni 
Published: July 2022

AbstractLeishmaniasis is a major tropical disease with increasing global incidence. Due to limited therapeutic options with severe drawbacks, the discovery of alternative treatments based on
natural bioactive compounds is important. In our previous studies we have pointed out the antileishmanial activities of olive tree-derived molecules. In this study, we aimed to investigate
the in vitro and in vivo antileishmanial as well as the in vivo immunomodulatory effects of oleocanthal, a molecule that has recently gained increasing scientific
attention. Pure oleocanthal was isolated from extra virgin olive oil through extraction and chromatography techniques. The in vitro antileishmanial effects of oleocanthal were
examined with a resazurin-based assay, while its in vivo efficacy was evaluated in Leishmania
major-infected BALB/c mice by determining footpad induration, parasite load in popliteal lymph nodes, histopathological outcome, antibody production, cytokine profile of stimulated
splenocytes and immune gene expression, at three weeks after the termination of treatment. Oleocanthal demonstrated in vitro antileishmanial effect against both L. major
promastigotes and intracellular amastigotes. This effect was further documented in vivo as demonstrated by the suppressed footpad thickness, the decreased parasite load and the
inflammatory cell influx at the infection site. Oleocanthal treatment led to the dominance of a Th1-type immunity linked with resistance against the disease. This study establishes strong
scientific evidence for olive tree-derived natural products as possible antileishmanial agents and provides an adding value to the scientific research of oleocanthal.
Synthetic and Mechanistic Investigation of an Unexpected ­Intramolecular 1-5 Nitrogen to Carbon Tosyl Migration
Authors: Veale Clinton G. L. , Mathenjwa Gciniwe S. , Akerman Matthew P. , Bode Moira L. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractControlled sulfonyl migration is considered an important transformation for total synthesis and scaffold elaboration. Accordingly, efforts to understand the underlying properties of these often serendipitously identified reactions have important implications. Following the attempted synthesis of a tetrahydroindazolone analogue, we report here an unexpected 1,5-nitrogen to carbon tosyl migration, resulting in the isolation of an unusual sulfonated dimedone. Synthetic and mechanistic investigations provide early insight into the scope of this reaction, with two potential mechanisms proposed.
Gold-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling and 1,2-Difunctionalization ­Reactions: A Personal Account
Authors: Patil Nitin T. , Ambegave Shivhar B. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn recent years, gold catalysis involving Au(I)/Au(III) redox cycle has gained significant attention. This account summarizes our contributions to the development of Au(I)/Au(III) catalysis, focusing on cross-coupling reactions and 1,2-difunctionalization reactions of C–C multiple bonds. A special emphasis has been given to understanding the mechanism of the reactions.1	Introduction2	Gold-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Reactions3	Gold-Catalyzed 1,2-Difunctionalization of C–C Multiple Bonds4	Conclusion and Outlook
Long-term outcomes of peroral endoscopic myotomy for achalasia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Vespa Edoardo , Pellegatta Gaia , Chandrasekar Viveksandeep T. , Spadaccini Marco , Patel Harsh , Maselli Roberta , Galtieri Piera A. , Carlani Elisa , Sharma Prateek , Hassan Cesare , Repici Alessandro 
Published: July 2022

Background The long-term outcomes of esophageal peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) are still unknown.Methods We searched electronic databases (MEDLINE/PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus) for studies assessing outcomes after POEM for esophageal achalasia with a minimum median follow-up duration of 36 months. Pooled rates of clinical success and postoperative reflux were calculated and compared with the same values at 12/24/36 months when available. Subgroup analyses were performed to explore the interstudy heterogeneity.Results From 1528 initial records, 11 studies (2017–2021) were included. A total of 2342 patients (age 48.1 [SD 6.8] years; 50.1 % males) with a median follow-up of 48 months (interquartile range 45–60) were analyzed. The pooled clinical success rate was 87.3 % (95 %CI 83.6 %–91.0 %; I2  = 73.1 %). The symptomatic reflux pooled rate was 22.0 % (95 %CI 14.4 %–29.5 %; I2  = 92.7 %). Three cases of peptic strictures and one Barrett’s esophagus were reported. The pooled rate of severe adverse events was 1.5 % (95 %CI 0.5 %–2.5 %; I2  = 52.8 %).Conclusions Long-term clinical efficacy of POEM persisted in 87 % of patients with achalasia. Post-POEM symptomatic reflux remained stable over time. The risk for Barrett’s esophagus and peptic strictures appeared minimal.
Replacing Anodic Oxygen Evolution Reaction with Organic ­Oxidation: The Importance of Metal (Oxy)Hydroxide Formation as the Active Oxidation Catalyst
Authors: Indra Arindam , Singh Ajit Kumar , Kumar Deepak , Singh Baghendra 
Published: July 2022

AbstractHybrid water electrolysis has been explored for the electrochemical oxidation of biomass, glucose, alcohols, amines, urea, etc. to produce value-added products. The integration of cathodic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) with anodic organic reaction (AOR) improves the energy efficiency of the electrolyzer by reducing the cell voltage of the overall process. Tremendous progress has been achieved in AOR by using transition-metal-based catalysts. These transition-metal-based catalysts undergo anodic activation in the alkali medium to form metal (oxy)hydroxide [M(O)x(OH)y] as the active catalyst. The atomic and electronic structure of M(O)x(OH)y essentially controls the conversion efficiency and product selectivity for AOR. In this Account, we have described the design of the AOR precatalyst, its anodic activation, and the basic principles of the integration of cathodic HER with AOR. The structural features of the precatalyst and the active catalyst have been described with representative examples. The recent progress and advancement in this field have been explained, and the future scope and challenges associated with AOR have been addressed.1 Introduction2 Anodic Organic Oxidation Reactions3 Activity and Selectivity of Anodic Organic Reaction4 Anodic Activation of Transition-Metal-Based Catalysts5 Mechanism of Anodic Organic Oxidation6 Perspective and Outlook
Synthesis of Heterocyclic Scaffolds via Prins, Oxonium-Ene and Related Cyclization Reactions
Authors: Saikia Anil K. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA variety of oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur heterocyclic compounds are synthesized via one-pot multicomponent Prins, aza-Prins, thia-Prins, oxonium-ene, iminium-ene and thionium-ene cyclization reactions. The reactions proceeds with high diastereo- and regioselectivity. Importantly, C–C, C–N, C–O and C–S bonds are formed in a singsle step. These procedures are extended for the synthesis of biologically active molecules and natural products.1	Introduction2	Prins Cyclization Reactions3	Oxonium-Ene Cyclization Reactions4	Conclusion
Organic Base-Mediated Carboxylation of (Hetero)aromatic Compounds Using Supercritical Carbon Dioxide (scCO2)
Authors: Govender Thavendran , Chetty Lloyd C. , Kruger Hendrik G. , Arvidsson Per I. , Naicker Tricia 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA straightforward site-selective method for the direct carboxylation of resorcinols (3-hydroxyphenol derivatives), phenols, and indoles is reported. The products were obtained in moderate to high yields using supercritical carbon dioxide as an electrophile and solvent under basic conditions. This method offers solvent and metal free conditions without the cumbersome exclusion of air or water with convenient purification.
The Association of Sentence Imitation with Other Language Domains in Bilingual Children
Authors: Grech Helen 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe association of sentence imitation with other language domains has been of interest to researchers and clinicians for decades. Sentence imitation taps both working memory and linguistic competence. Working memory refers to the ability to recall and manipulate linguistic information making sentence imitation a clinical marker for language ability. Meanwhile, research on the application of sentence imitation with bilingual language pairs is still emerging. This article reports a study on a large sample of Maltese children brought up in an early bilingual language acquisition context. It analyses correlations between a sentence imitation task, verbal comprehension, narrative (story retelling), phonological awareness, and two measures of a phonology test: percentage consonants correct and the inconsistency score. Data were collected from a total of 241 children, aged 24 to 72 months, who were selected randomly from the public birth register. The subtests administered were part of a test battery, namely, the Maltese–English Speech Assessment (MESA) and the Language Assessment for Maltese Children (LAMC). Correlations were calculated for the sentence imitation scores with specific language subtest scores; significant correlations were identified as well as with chronological age. Regression analysis indicated that the sentence imitation subtest of LAMC is a predictor for verbal comprehension and even stronger predictor for phonological awareness. It was concluded that performance on a sentence imitation task is a valid and reliable indication of Maltese bilingual children's language ability.
A Review of Autoimmune Acquired von Willebrand Factor Deficiency in Japan
Authors: Ichinose Akitada , Osaki Tsukasa , Souri Masayoshi , Favaloro Emmanuel J. 
Published: July 2022

Abstractvon Willebrand factor (VWF) forms high-molecular-weight multimers and plays an essential role in hemostasis, and thus its deficiency leads to bleeding symptoms. Acquired von Willebrand syndrome (AVWS) is rare, but potentially underdiagnosed, and develops in various underlying disorders. AVWS caused by anti-VWF autoantibodies is a rare subcategory of AVWS that can also be referred to as autoimmune VWF deficiency (AiVWFD). We performed a search of patients with autoimmune coagulation factor deficiencies in our nationwide survey in Japan. Among these, suspected cases of AiVWFD were extremely few, with only 11 case consultations in the last 10 years. Of these, three and five were respectively positive for anti-VWF autoantibodies (anti-VWF-Ab) and VWF inhibitor (VWF-inh). We also performed an extensive literature search of other cases from Japan, and in total, 40 cases were finally identified to have AiVWFD, with mean age of 55.0 years. Most underlying disorders were lympho- or myeloproliferative diseases, followed by autoimmune diseases. The major bleeding sites were subcutaneous and mucosal, the bleeding severity was moderate, and there were no hemorrhagic deaths. Bleeding time was prolonged; factor VIII activity, VWF antigen, and VWF activity were decreased, and high-molecular-weight VWF multimers were absent or decreased. These are similar to the common abnormal laboratory findings observed among general AVWS cases. Hemostatic therapy often involved VWF concentrates and vasopressin, and antibody eradication therapy often included corticosteroids and achieved remission. Notably, of all cases, 68% had anti-VWF-Abs, and 83% of anti-VWF-Ab-positive patients were also VWF-inh positive. To accumulate precise clinical information on AiVWFD, it is necessary to verify and improve the measurement methods for both anti-VWF-Ab and anti-VWF-inh. These findings from Japan should be confirmed in other geographic localities.
Evaluation and Management of Indeterminate Pulmonary Nodules on Chest Computed Tomography in Asymptomatic Subjects: The Principles of Nodule Guidelines
Authors: Nam Ju G. , Goo Jin Mo 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWith the rapidly increasing number of chest computed tomography (CT) examinations, the question of how to manage lung nodules found in asymptomatic patients has become increasingly important. Several nodule management guidelines have been developed that can be applied to incidentally found lung nodules (the Fleischner Society guideline), nodules found during lung cancer screening (International Early Lung Cancer Action Program protocol [I-ELCAP] and Lung CT Screening Reporting and Data System [Lung-RADS]), or both (American College of Chest Physicians guideline [ACCP], British Thoracic Society guideline [BTS], and National Comprehensive Cancer Network guideline [NCCN]). As the radiologic nodule type (solid, part-solid, and pure ground glass) and size are significant predictors of a nodule's nature, most guidelines categorize nodules in terms of these characteristics. Various methods exist for measuring the size of nodules, and the method recommended in each guideline should be followed. The diameter can be manually measured as a single maximal diameter or as an average of two-dimensional diameters, and software can be used to obtain volumetric measurements. It is important to properly evaluate and measure nodules and familiarize ourselves with the relevant guidelines to appropriately utilize medical resources and minimize unnecessary radiation exposure to patients.
Evaluating Performance of Contemporary and Historical von Willebrand Factor (VWF) Assays in the Laboratory Identification of von Willebrand Disease (VWD): The Australasian Experience
Authors: Favaloro Emmanuel J. , Dean Elysse , Arunachalam Sandya 
Published: July 2022

Abstractvon Willebrand disease (VWD) is a common bleeding disorder that arises from deficiency and/or defects of von Willebrand factor (VWF). Appropriate diagnosis of VWD, including differential identification of qualitative (types 2A, 2B, 2M, 2N VWD) versus quantitative (types 1 and 3 VWD) defects remains problematic but has important management implications, given differential therapy. Complete assessment for VWD in a patient with a bleeding history requires comprehensive test panels, including VWF activity and antigen. We describe the Australasian experience, using data from the Royal College of Pathologists of Australasia (RCPA) Quality Assurance Program (QAP) related to VWF testing in their VWD test module. The RCPAQAP has been providing samples for VWF testing since 1998, representing 25 years of proficiency testing related to VWD diagnosis. A total of 109 samples have been dispatched to participants over these years, with current assessment involving dispatches of two samples (=4 samples) per year. Samples have represented all types of VWD, as well as normal or other samples, including acquired von Willebrand syndrome and plasma VWF concentrates as used in VWD therapy. Different VWF assays and activity/antigen ratios show different utility in VWD and type identification. In the past 9 years of data capture, a total of 166 errors were identified from a total of 1,839 interpretations, representing a base error rate of 9.0%. Identification errors were highest for type 2 VWD samples (15.3%), intermediate for type 1 VWD samples (7.5%), and lowest for normal samples (2.4%). Errors can be linked to assay limitations, including assay variability and low-level VWF detection limits, as well as laboratory issues (including test result misinterpretation, which accounts for approximately 40% of all errors for type 2 VWD). For test-associated errors, VWF:RCo and VWF:GPIbM were associated with the highest variability and error rate, which was up to 10x higher than that using VWF:CB. As a test group, chemiluminescence-based procedures were associated with lowest inter-laboratory variability, best low-level VWF detection (down to <1 U/dL), and least errors overall. These findings inform on reasons behind high rates of errors associated with VWD diagnosis, with some assays and methodologies performing substantially better than others.
Research–Practice–Collaborations in International Sustainable Development and Knowledge Production: Reflections from a Political-Economic Perspective
Authors: Bender Katja 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe cooperation between researchers and practitioners during the different stages of the research process is promoted as it can be of benefit to both society and research supporting processes of ‘transformation’. While acknowledging the important potential of research–practice–collaborations (RPCs), this paper reflects on RPCs from a political-economic perspective to also address potential unintended adverse effects on knowledge generation due to divergent interests, incomplete information or the unequal distribution of resources. Asymmetries between actors may induce distorted and biased knowledge and even help produce or exacerbate existing inequalities. Potential merits and limitations of RPCs, therefore, need to be gauged. Taking RPCs seriously requires paying attention to these possible tensions—both in general and with respect to international development research, in particular: On the one hand, there are attempts to contribute to societal change and ethical concerns of equity at the heart of international development research, and on the other hand, there is the relative risk of encountering asymmetries more likely.
Asymmetric dual Bloch point domain walls in cylindrical magnetic nanowires
Authors: Askey J. , Hunt M. , Langbein W. , Ladak S. 
Published: July 2022

Cylindrical magnetic nanowires have been studied extensively over the past ten years due to the presence of domain walls with novel topology and outstanding dynamic properties. In soft magnetic systems, where shape anisotropy forces the magnetization along the wire axis, and for radii above 50 nm, two topologically distinct walls have been previously identified. The Bloch point wall (BPW) has a circulating magnetization texture around the circumference and contains a single Bloch point within the center of the wire cross section. In contrast, asymmetric transverse walls (ATWs) have a circulating magnetization structure on the surface and contain two topological defects, a vortex and an anti-vortex on opposing sides. These surface defects are connected via a vortex tube that penetrates the volume. In this study, we have numerically investigated the domain wall magnetization textures for nickel nanowires of radii 50–120 nm. Beyond reproducing the known BPW and ATW topology, we discover a new domain wall type that contains aspects of both. This new domain wall type, which we call asymmetric dual Bloch point wall (ADBPW), has surface vortices similar to an ATW and two Bloch-point textures adjacent to the internal vortex tube. Time-resolved simulations investigating the stability of ADBPW show its field-driven transformation into a BPW via the ejection of a single Bloch point at the surface and subsequent annihilation of surface vortices.