bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of a Six-week Pedometer-based Walking Programme on Physical Activity Level, Body Composition and Antioxidant Level in Breast Cancer Survivors: a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Ezuma A. D. , Ibeneme S. C. , Fortwengel G. , Myezwa H. , Ajidahun A. T. , Ezeome E. , Lasebikan A. , Obiekwe C , Nnamani A. , Okoye I. , Onodugo T.A.O 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Breast cancer risk is associated with body composition indices especially waist-hip ratio-≥0.85 (which defines central adiposity), body mass index ≥30Kg/m2 (which defines obesity), percentage body fat mass-≥25Kg/m2 (which defines general adiposity), and physical inactivity (defined as <600(MET-min/week or ≤7999 step counts/day). Physical inactivity promotes inflammatory micro-environment, oxidative stress and diminish antioxidant (superoxide dismutase) level, similar to adiposity but unlike physical activity. Therefore, a pedometer-based walking programme may improve body composition, physical activity and Superoxide dismutase levels in breast cancer survivors, thus preventing breast cancer recurrence. Methods: This study is a single-blind randomized controlled trial involving 80 participants from the Oncology Clinic, who were consecutively stratified according to their baseline physical activity level (MET-min/week), and step count/day obtained using a Fitbit Charge HR pedometer. The experimental group received an intervention programme to improve physical activity level by setting weekly targets of additional 1500 steps to the baseline value, while the control group did not change their physical activity tasks for the duration of the study. Data were collected with the short form of International Physical Activity Questionnaire at baseline and the 6th week, and weekly from the Fitbit server/data centre, which receives transmitted data from the pedometer customised to each participant. Data were analysed using simple descriptive statistics, multiple regression analysis, and independent t-test at p<0.05, one-tailed test. Results: There was a significant increase in step counts/day (p=0.0002), physical activity level(MET-min/week) (p=0.006), and Superoxide dismutase level(p=<.0001), with a decrease in waist-Hip Ratio (p=0.002), and percentage body fat mass (p=0.01), unlike the body mass index (p=0.09) in the intervention group compared to control.Conclusion: Physical activity, Superoxide dismutase level and body composition may be improved through a pedometer-based walking programme and possibly the prognosis of breast cancer recurrence. Trials Registration number: PACTR202001542824141.
Direct Comparison of Low-Dose-Rate Brachytherapy Versus Radical Prostatectomy Using the Surgical Definition of Biochemical Recurrence for Patients with Intermediate-Risk Prostate Cancer
Authors: Tsumura Hideyasu , Tanaka Nobumichi , Oguchi Tomohiko , Owari Takuya , Nakai Yasushi , Asakawa Isao , Iijima Kazuyoshi , Kato Haruaki , Hashida Iwao , Tabata Ken-ichi , Satoh Takefumi , Ishiyama Hiromichi 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: We compared the oncological outcomes of patients who received seed brachytherapy (SEED-BT) with those who received radical prostatectomy (RP) for intermediate-risk prostate cancer. Methods: Candidates were patients treated with either SEED-BT (n=933) or RP (n=334). One-to-one propensity score matching was performed to adjust the patients’ backgrounds. We compared the biochemical recurrence (BCR)-free rate using the Phoenix definition (prostate-specific antigen [PSA] nadir plus 2 ng/mL) for SEED-BT and the surgical definition (PSA cut-off value of 0.2 ng/mL) for RP. We also directly compared the BCR-free rates using the same PSA cut-off value of 0.2 ng/mL for both SEED-BT and RP. Results: In the propensity score-matched analysis with 214 pairs, the median follow-up treatment was 96 months (range 1–158 months). Fifty-three patients (24.7%) were treated with combined SEED-BT and external-beam radiotherapy. Forty-three patients (20.0%) received salvage radiotherapy after RP. Comparing the BCR-free rate using the above definitions for SEED-BT and RP showed that SEED-BT yielded a significantly better 8-year BCR-free rate than did RP (87.4% vs 74.3%, hazard ratio [HR]: 0.420, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.273–0.647). Comparing the 8-year BCR-free rate using the surgical definition for both treatments showed no significant difference between the two treatments (76.7% vs 74.3%, HR: 0.913, 95% CI: 0.621–1.341). SEED-BT had a significantly better 8-year salvage hormonal therapy-free rate than did RP (92.0% vs 85.6%, HR 0.528, 95% CI: 0.296–0.942, P = 0.030). The 8-year metastasis-free survival rates (98.5% vs 99.0%, HR: 1.382, 95% CI: 0.313–6.083, P = 0.668) and overall survival rates (91.9% vs 94.6%, HR 1.353, 95% CI: 0.690–2.650) did not significantly differ between the treatments. Conclusions: The BCR-free rates did not significantly differ between patients treated with SEED-BT and those treated with RP for intermediate-risk prostate cancer even when they were directly compared using the surgical definition for BCR. SEED-BT and RP can be adequately compared for oncological outcomes.
Growth hormone induces TNF-α in podocytes and contributes to monocyte-to-macrophage differentiation: Implications in Diabetic kidney disease
Authors: Pasupulati Anil Kumar , Nishad Rajkishor , Mukhi Dhanunjay , Kethavath Srinivas , Raviraj Sumathi , Motrapu Manga , Kurukuti Sreenivasulu 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Diabetes shortens the life expectancy by more than a decade, and the excess mortality in diabetes is correlated with the incidence of kidney disease. Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the leading cause of end-stage kidney disease. In human biopsies and experimental models of DKD, macrophage accumulation predicts the severity of kidney damage. The mechanism of macrophage accumulation in diabetic glomeruli, however, is unknown. Increased growth hormone (GH) levels in type 1 diabetes and acromegalic patients had deleterious effects on glomerular biology. GH-treated mice had significant podocyte injury, glomerulosclerosis as well as increased macrophages. This study investigated if human podocytes injured by a GH stimulus contributed to macrophage accumulation. Following GH treatment, TNF-α signaling was increased in podocytes, as determined by RNA-seq analysis. Conditioned media from GH-treated human podocytes induced differentiation of THP1 monocytes to macrophages. Depleting the TNF-α in conditioned media with neutralizing antibodies diminished the effect of conditioned media from GH-treated podocytes on monocytes. Conditioned media from GH-treated primary podocytes with depleted TNF-α levels fail to elicit monocyte-to-macrophage differentiation. Mice administered with GH displayed glomerular accumulation of macrophages, podocyte injury, and proteinuria. Renal biopsies from DKD patients demonstrated activated TNF-α signaling, macrophage accumulation, and fibrosis. Together, this study suggests TNF-α secreted by podocytes under the influence of GH could contribute to macrophage accumulation, thus eliciting adverse renal inflammation and impaired function. Our study suggests targeting GH and/or TNF-α signaling could be a therapeutic approach to combat DKD.
Biosorption of hexavalent chromium from aqueous solution by pristine and CaCl2-modified erythromycin production residues
Authors: Sun Xining , Li Dongsheng , Zhang Zengqiang 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In this study, the adsorptive removal of hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] from aqueous solutions by the pristine and salt-treated（CaCl2）erythromycin production residue (EPRs and SEPRs) were investigated. Batch experiments were carried out to determine the effect of contact time, sorbent dosage, pH, initial Cr concentration, and temperature on Cr(VI) sorption by EPRs and SEPRs. The highest adsorptive removal capacities were achieved at the pH equal to 1.0, and the maximum adsorption capacities for EPRs and SEPRs at optimized conditions were 21.74 and 35.24 mg g-1, respectively. Moreover, thermodynamic results indicated that Cr sorption by EPR/SERPs was feasible, spontaneous and endothermic under the given conditions. Langmuir model fitted well with the experimental data. The pseudo-second order could better describe the adsorptive removal kinetics and the process involving rate-controlling step is much complex involving both boundary layer and intra-particle diffusion processes. Furthermore, adsorption-coupled-reduction process was believed as the main mechanism of Cr(VI) removal by EPRs and SEPRs. Both adsorbents could be considered as promising low-cost biosorbent for the removal of Cr(VI) from aqueous systems.
Prospective Randomized Controlled Clinical Study of Physiological Ventricular Rhythm Resetting in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation and Heart Failure: Rationale and Design
Authors: JIANG Zhixin , YANG Wen , WU Tian , LV Yiting , GENG Jie , HU Jingwen , ZHOU Xiujuan , Shan qijun 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background

Atrial fibrillation (AF) and heart failure (HF) frequently co-exist. HF may present in 20-30% of AF patients. Both AF and HF facilitate the occurrence and aggravate the prognosis of each other, which significantly affects the quality of life and increases mortality. This paper describes the rationale and the design of the trial 'Prospective randomized controlled clinical study of physiological ventricular rhythm resetting in patients with atrial fibrillation and heart failure' and the need to improve the treatment of the patients with AF and HF.
Methods

This study is a registry-based, prospective, randomized, parallel, single-center trial. The primary aim is to determine whether the physiological ventricular rhythm resetting (atrioventricular node ablation with physiological LBBP) can improve clinical outcomes (all-cause mortality or rehospitalization for HF) compared with medical rate control. A total of 110 patients will be enrolled in the trial and followed up for 1 year.
Summary

The cardioversion of AF is a major treatment for AF patients with HF. However, the recurrence rate of atrial fibrillation ablation is high and part of these patients are not suitable for ablation, which raised the difficulty to treat such patients. Some observational studies found that AVNA with physiological pacing could improve the prognosis of these patients. Thus, results from this trial may influence future treatment strategies and guidelines specific to AF patients with HF.
Isolation and Identification of an Endophytic Bacteria Bacillus sp. K-9 Exhibiting Biocontrol Activity Against Potato Common Scab
Authors: Shuang Ma , Wang Yanjie , Teng Wang , Jin Guanghui 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Potato scab is an important soil-borne disease that can significantly reduce the quality and economic value of potatoes. The purpose of this study was to isolate, screen and identify endophytic bacteria that have antagonistic and control effects on potato scab disease, and to determine the control effect and yield traits of the selected strains on potato scab disease in field conditions. A bacterial strain K-9 was isolated from the junction between scab spot and healthy epidermis of potato tuber. The K-9 strain was identified as a new species of Bacillus sp. through morphological, physiological and biochemical characterization, and 16S rDNA and gyrB gene sequence analysis. The diameter of the inhibition zone of strain K-9 against Streptomyces scabies on the YME plate was 3.82 cm. The K-9 strain could inhibit eight types of crop pathogens, with the highest inhibition rate (70.39%) against another soil-borne potato disease （potato black scurf）. In the field test, the control effect of K-9 strain against potato scab was not significantly different from that of mixed bacteria or chemical agents, but the disease index and the scab index in the K-9 treatment were significantly lower than in the control. The potato yield in the K-9 treatment was 12.44% higher than the control. In summary, the K-9 strain can prevent not only potato scab, but also increase potato yield. Therefore, the endophytic bacterial K-9 strain may be a potential biological control agent.
Improved YOLOv5 Network Method for Remote Sensing Image Based Ground Objects Recognition
Authors: jie xue , Technology Shandong University of Science and , Zheng Yongguo , Dong-Ye Changlei , Wang Ping , Yasir Muhammad 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
High resolution remote-sensing images have the characteristics of complex background environment, clustering of objects, etc., which lead to the problem of low accuracy in recognition of large ground objects such as airports, dams, golf field, etc. Based on this problem, this paper proposes a remote sensing image object detection method based on YOLOv5 network. By improving the backbone extraction network, the network structure can be deepened to get more information about large objects, the detection effect can be improved by adding attention mechanism and adding output layer to enhance feature extraction and feature fusion. The pre-training weight is obtained by transfer learning and used as the training weight of the improved YOLOv5 to speed up the network convergence. The experiment is carried out on DIOR dataset, the results show that the improved YOLOv5 network can significantly improve the accuracy of large object recognition compared with the YOLO series network and the EfficientDet model on DIOR datadet, and the mAP of the improved YOLOv5 network is 80.5%, which is 2% higher than the original YOLOv5 network.
The Paris System for Reporting Urinary Cytology Improves the Negative Predictive Value of High-grade Urothelial Carcinoma
Authors: Yamasaki Mari , Taoka Rikiya , Katakura Kazuya , Matsunaga Toru , Kani Naoya , Honda Tomoko , Harada Satoshi , Tohi Yoichiro , Matsuoka Yuki , Kato Takuma , Okazoe Homare , Tsunemori Hiroyuki , Ueda Nobufumi , Haba Reiji , Sugimoto Mikio 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: The Paris System (TPS) for reporting urinary cytology differs from conventional systems (CS) in that it focuses on the diagnosis of high-grade urothelial carcinoma (HGUC). This study investigated the impact of TPS implementation on the diagnostic accuracy of HGUC by comparing it with CS.Methods: A total of 649 patients who underwent transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) between January 2009 and December 2020 were included in this study. Our institution adopted TPS to report urinary cytology in February 2020. The diagnostic accuracy of HGUC in preoperative urinary cytology was compared with the presence or absence of HGUC in resected specimens of TURBT before and after TPS implementation.Results: After implementing TPS in urinary cytology, 89 patients were reviewed and compared with 560 patients whose urinary cytology was diagnosed by CS. TPS and CS for detecting HGUC had 56.0% and 58.2% sensitivity, 97.8% and 91.2% specificity, and 93.3% and 87.9% positive predictive values, respectively. There were no significant differences between TPS and CS in terms of sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value for HGUC (P=0.83, 0.21, 1.00). On the other hand, the negative predictive value for HGUC using TPS was 80.0%, which was significantly higher than that of CS (66.4%, P=0.04) The multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that not using TPS was one of the independent predictive factors associated with false-negative results for HGUC (odds ratio, 2.26; 95% confidence interval, 1.08–4.77; P=0.03). Conclusion: In instances where urinary cytology is reported as negative for HGUC by TPS, there is a low probability of HGUC, indicating that TPS has a potential diagnostic benefit.
Adversarial Bandit Approach for RIS-Aided OFDM Communication
Authors: Ouameur Messaoud Ahmed , Lê Dương Tuấn Anh , Massicotte Daniel , Jeon Gwanggil , de Figueiredo Felipe Augusto Pereira 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
To assist sixth-generation wireless systems in the management of a wide variety of services, ranging from mission-critical services to safety critical tasks, key physical layer technologies such as reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) are proposed. Even though RISs are already used in various scenarios to enable the implementation of smart radio environments, they still face challenges with regards to real time operation. Specifically, RISs typically need costly, high dimensional channel estimation with offline exhaustive search, requiring prohibitive hardware complexity or online exhaustive beam-training that incurs high training overhead. While in its infant stage, the application of deep learning (DL) tools shows promise in enabling feasible solutions. In this paper, we propose two low-training overhead and energy-efficient adversarial bandit-based schemes with outstanding performance gains when compared to DL-based reflection beamforming reference methods. The resulting deep learning models are discussed using state-of-the art model quality prediction trends.
A modular Gravity-Driven Ultrafiltration (GDU) membrane system for contaminant removal: Dynamic flux modelling and its fouling study
Authors: Ooi Boon Seng , Ishak Nur Ir Imani , Chieh Derek Chan Juinn 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
During flood or drought, water shortage is a critical issue due to the water contamination. Under this situation, gravitational driven ultrafiltration (GDU) membrane system which solely depends on hydrostatic pressure could be employed to provide the clean water for domestic usage. Due to the limitation of site accessibility during flood, a modular and batch type GDU membrane system is required for water filtration. In that case, prediction of the water level within the module which affected the hydrostatic pressure and effective filtration area over the time is important. The prediction of water level enables the design of the intermittent pumping frequencies for the optimum usage of energy. In this work, the removal efficiency of GDU system towards two common contaminants in water surface namely humic acid and calcium carbonate were tested. The highest removal efficiency of the GDU system towards humic acid, and calcium carbonate were recorded as 94.96 % and 99.19 % respectively. It was found that different feed solutions exhibited different fluxes declination profiles due to their distinctive fouling characteristic. A model was developed to predict the ideal dynamic flux of the membrane under the condition of reducing hydrostatic pressure and effective membrane area. Using the dynamic model, the resistance of the membrane and cake layer were determined. It was found that the filtration resistance is dominated by the cake layer resistance. River water test showed that GDU is an effective method for reclaiming the river water in removing the colour and turbidity.
An Integrated Pipeline For Prediction of Clostridioides Difficile Infection
Authors: Li Jiang , Chaudhary Durgesh , Sharma Vaibhav , Sharma Vishakha , Avula Venkatesh , Ssentongo Paddy , Wolk Donna M. , Zand Ramin , Abedi Vida 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
With the expansion of electronic health records(EHR)-linked genomic data comes the development of machine learning-enable models. There is a pressing need to develop robust pipelines to evaluate performance of integrated models and minimize systemic bias. We developed a prediction model of symptomatic Clostridioides difficile infection(CDI) by integrating common EHR-based risk factors and genetic risk factors(rs2227306/IL8). Our pipeline includes 1)leveraging phenotyping algorithm to minimize temporal bias, 2)performing simulation studies to determine the predictive power in samples without genetic information, 3)propensity score matching to control for the confoundings, 4)selecting machine learning algorithms to capture complex feature interactions, 5)performing oversampling to address data imbalance, and 6) optimizing models and ensuring proper bias-variance trade-off. We evaluate the performace of including common clinical risk factors in prediction of CDI and the benefit of including genetic feature(s) into the prediction models. We emphasize the importance of building a robust integrated pipeline to avoid systemic bias and the value of genetic feature should be thoroughly evaluated in general population and subgroups.
Predicting non-sentinel node metastasis during surgery in breast cancer patients with one to three positive sentinel node(s) on a frozen biopsy result after neoadjuvant chemotherapy
Authors: Chun Jung Whan , Kim Jisun , Chung Il Yong , Ko Beom Seok , Kim Hee Jeong , Lee Jong Won , Son Byung Ho , Ahn Sei-Hyun , Lee Sae Byul 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
PurposeOur goal was to develop a tool that could accurately predict the possibility of non-sentinel lymph node metastasis (NSLNM) during surgery, allowing a surgeon to decide the extent of further axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) intraoperatively for patients with one to three positive sentinel lymph node(s) (SLN) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC).MethodsIn a retrospective analysis of the Asan Medical Center (AMC) database, we included 558 patients’ records who were treated between 2005 and 2019. Using chi-square and logistic regression with a bootstrapped, backward elimination method, 13 factors were assessed for their utility in predicting NSLNM. Based on the results of the univariate analysis for statistical significance, the number of positive SLN(s), number of frozen nodes, progesterone receptor (PR) positivity and clinical N stage were selected for the multivariate analysis and used to generate a nomogram for predicting residual nodal disease. The resulting nomogram was validated using a more recent, different time window patient group at the AMC.ResultsWe designed a nomogram to predict NSLNM that included four components: number of SLN(s), number of frozen nodes, PR positivity and clinical N stage prior to NAC. The area under the receiver operating characteristics curve value of this formula was 0.709 (95% CI, 0.658–0.761) for the development set and 0.715 (95% CI, 0.634–0.796) for the validation set. ConclusionThis newly developed AMC nomogram may be useful to a surgeon for intraoperative guidance in determining the extent of further axillary surgery.