bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The interaction between rs 3,807,992 genotypes with the dietary inflammatory index on Leptin, Leptin resistance, and Galectin 3 in obese and overweight women
Authors: Shiraseb Farideh , Farazi Mena , Rasaei Niloufar , Clark Cain C. T. , Jamili Shahin , Mirzaei Khadijeh 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Objective
Obesity is related to increasing leptin and some inflammatory factors that are associated with low-grade inflammation. Moreover, several studies have shown Caveolin-1 (CAV1) genetic variations may be associated with dietary intake. The current study aimed to evaluate the interaction of CAV1 rs3807992 with types of the energy-adjusted dietary inflammatory index (EDII) in leptin, leptin resistance, and Galectin 3, as inflammatory factors.

Methods
This cross-sectional study was carried out on 363 overweight and obese females. Dietary intake and DII were obtained from a 147-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). The CAV-1 genotype was measured using the PCR-RFLP method. Anthropometric values and serum levels of leptin and Galectin 3 were measured by standard methods.

Results
Increased adherence to EDII in the interaction with CAV1 genotypes led to an increase in leptin level 79.15 (mg/l) (β = 79.15, CI = − 1.23,163.94, P = 0.04) in model 3, after controlling for further potential confounders. By contrast, adherence to EDII in the interaction with the genotype including risk alleles showed no significant interaction, even after adjustment in model 3 (β = 0.55, CI = − 0.99, 2.09, P = 0.48). Although, a marginal positive significant interaction was found between EDII and CAV1 genotypes on Galectin 3, after adjustment in model 3 (β = 31.35, CI = 0.13, 77.13, P = 0.05).

Conclusions
The present study indicates that a high adherence of EDII and CAV1 genotypes containing risk alleles may be a prognostic factor and increase both leptin and Galectin3. However, it seems that the presence of interaction was not on leptin resistance. Further functional studies are necessary to elucidate the exact mechanism.
Glucocorticoid therapy reduces ocular hypertension in active moderate-severe thyroid-associated orbitopathy
Authors: Tang Chengyang , liang Liang , zheng Xiaoya , Hu Hong , Liu Chun , Long Jian 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Ocular hypertension (OHT) is an important clinical feature of thyroid-associated orbitopathy (TAO).While the prevalence and outcome of OHT in TAO remains unclear. This study investigates this in moderate-severe active TAO.

Methods
Sixty-eight patients with active moderate-severe TAO were recruited, 49 of whom were treated with 12-week GC therapy.The clinical and biochemical parameters were collected.Treatment outcomes were evaluated after GC therapy.

Results
The prevalence of OHT was 44.85% in moderate-severe active TAO patients,including 81.97% of mild hypertension, 13.11% of moderate hypertension and 4.92% of severe hypertension.
Clinical and biochemical parameters had no significant difference between OHT patients and non-OHT patients,such as age, sex distributions, smoking status, the kind and the duration of thyroid disease,the duration of eye symptoms and the level of FT3,FT4,TSH, TR-Ab, and Tpo-Ab, Tg-Ab(all P > 0.05).
After GC therapy,the intraocular pressure(IOP) in OHT eyes decreased significantly (P < 0.05), while IOP in non-OHT eyes remained unchanged (P > 0.05).There was no significant difference in CAS and the effective rate of GC therapy between OHT eyes and non-OHT eyes (P > 0.05).

Conclusion
In moderate-severe active TAO, the prevalence of OHT was 44.85%, most of which were mild hypertension.OHT was relieved by GC therapy,which had no effect on the efficacy of GC therapy.Our results will enhance physicians' confidence in GC therapy.
Uygur type 2 diabetes patient fecal microbiota transplantation disrupts blood glucose and bile acid levels by changing the ability of the intestinal flora to metabolize bile acids in C57BL/6 mice
Authors: Wang Chanyue , Wang Ye , Yang Hao , Tian Zirun , Zhu Manli , Sha Xiaoting , Ran Ju , Li Linlin 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Our epidemiological study showed that the intestinal flora of Uygur T2DM patients differed from that of normal glucose-tolerant people. However, whether the Uygur T2DM fecal microbiota transplantation could reproduce the glucose metabolism disorder and the mechanism behind has not been reported. This study was designed to explore whether Uygur T2DM fecal microbiota transplantation could reproduce the glucose metabolism disorder and its mechanism.

Methods
The normal diet and high fat diet group consisted of C57BL/6 mice orally administered 0.2 mL sterile normal saline. For the MT (microbiota transplantation) intervention groups, C57BL/6 mice received oral 0.2 mL faecal microorganisms from Uygur T2DM. All mice were treated daily for 8 weeks and Blood glucose levels of mice were detected. Mice faecal DNA samples were sequenced and quantified using 16S rDNA gene sequencing. Then we detected the ability of the intestinal flora to metabolize bile acids (BAs) through co-culture of fecal bacteria and BAs. BA levels in plasma were determined by UPLC-MS. Further BA receptors and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) expression levels were determined with RT-q PCR and western blotting.

Results
MT impaired insulin and oral glucose tolerance. Deoxycholic acid increased and tauro-β-muricholic acid and the non-12-OH BA:12-OH BA ratio decreased in plasma. MT improved the ability of intestinal flora to produce deoxycholic acid. Besides, the vitamin D receptor in the liver and ileum and GLP-1 in the ileum decreased significantly.

Conclusions
Uygur T2DM fecal microbiota transplantation disrupts glucose metabolism by changing the ability of intestinal flora to metabolize BAs and the BAs/GLP-1 pathway.
Exploring the why: risk factors for HIV and barriers to sexual and reproductive health service access among adolescents in Nigeria
Authors: Folayan Morenike O. , Sam-Agudu Nadia A. , Harrison Abigail 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Early sexual debut, low educational attainment, history of rape and transactional and intergenerational sex have been associated with HIV infection among Nigerian adolescents, especially females. We sought to understand the “why”, and how to mitigate against these determinants and barriers to addressing adolescent sexual and reproductive health (SRH) and HIV prevention needs.

Methods
This qualitative study generated data from 49 focus group discussions with male and female adolescents living with and without HIV, healthcare workers, members of civil society organizations working with young people, and parents of adolescents living with HIV. Participants were recruited from all six geopolitical zones in Nigeria. Data was analysed with ATLAS.ti software. Hermeneutic units were created, and codes developed from focus group transcripts. Network View Manager was used to create maps of codes, memos and quotations, and relevant quotes were retrieved from transcripts.

Results
Four major themes were identified, relating to individual, parental, community and government roles in reducing the risk of HIV and unplanned pregnancy among adolescents in Nigeria. Individual factors influencing sexual risk behaviours of adolescents include peer pressure, poor risk perception for HIV, and misconceptions about the efficacy of contraceptives and condoms. Respondents entrusted State responsibilities such as facilitation of HIV-affected adolescents’ access to education, rather, to individuals, parents and the community; and placed the blame for rape on rape survivors. Findings also highlighted the inadequacy of health systems to address adolescents’ needs for treatment of sexually transmitted infections and to provide appropriate education on secondary HIV prevention for those living with HIV.

Conclusion
Rigorous studies are needed to understand dynamics between adolescents’ risk behavior, HIV risk perception, parental roles in mitigating HIV risk in adolescents, and the role of communities and government in HIV prevention and treatment for adolescents in Nigeria.
Post-traumatic growth among UK military personnel deployed to Iraq or Afghanistan: data from phase 3 of a military cohort study
Authors: Dyball Daniel , Taylor-Beirne Sean , Greenberg Neil , Stevelink Sharon A. M. , Fear Nicola T. 
Published: September 2022

Background
Post-traumatic growth (PTG) refers to beneficial psychological change following trauma.

Aims
This study explores the sociodemographic, health and deployment-related factors associated with PTG in serving/ex-serving UK armed forces personnel deployed to military operations in Iraq or Afghanistan.

Method
Multinomial logistic regression analyses were applied to retrospective questionnaire data collected 2014–2016, stratified by gender. PTG scores were split into tertiles of no/very low PTG, low PTG and moderate/large PTG.

Results
A total of 1447/4610 male personnel (30.8%) and 198/570 female personnel (34.8%) reported moderate/large PTG. Male personnel were more likely to report moderate/large PTG compared with no/very low PTG if they reported a greater belief of being in serious danger (relative risk ratio (RRR) 2.47, 95% CI 1.68–3.64), were a reservist (RRR 2.37, 95% CI 1.80–3.11), reported good/excellent general health (fair/poor general health: RRR 0.33, 95% CI 0.24–0.46), a greater number of combat experiences, less alcohol use, better mental health, were of lower rank or were younger. Female personnel were more likely to report moderate/large PTG if they were single (in a relationship: RRR 0.40, 95% CI 0.22–0.74), had left military service (RRR 2.34, 95% CI 1.31–4.17), reported better mental health (common mental disorder: RRR 0.37, 95% CI 0.17–0.84), were a reservist, reported a greater number of combat experiences or were younger. Post-traumatic stress disorder had a curvilinear relationship with PTG.

Conclusions
A moderate/large degree of PTG among the UK armed forces is associated with mostly positive health experiences, except for post-traumatic stress disorder.
Interbirth interval and maternal anaemia in 21 sub-Saharan African countries: A fractional-polynomial analysis
Authors: Mruts Kalayu Brhane , Gebremedhin Amanuel Tesfay , Tessema Gizachew A. , Scott Jane A. , Pereira Gavin 
Published: September 2022

Background
Maternal anaemia is a global public health problem contributing to adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes. In addition to other risk factors, interbirth interval has been identified as a potentially modifiable risk factor of maternal anaemia. However, the current evidence for the association between interbirth interval and maternal anaemia remains inconclusive. Hence, this study examined the association between the interbirth interval and maternal anaemia in sub-Saharan Africa.

Methods
We conducted a multinational cross-sectional study of interbirth interval (time between two singleton live births) and maternal anaemia (haemoglobin levels < 12 g/dl for non-pregnant women, < 11 g/dl for pregnant women) for 21 sub-Saharan African countries using the most recent nationally representative Demographic and Health Surveys, 2010–2017. A weighted multivariable fractional polynomial function was used to estimate the non-linear relationship between interbirth interval and maternal anaemia, considering interbirth interval as a continuous variable and adjusting for potential confounders. Analyses were stratified by reproductive classification (non-pregnant and pregnant women).

Results
There were 81,693 women included in the study (89.2% non-pregnant, 10.8% pregnant). Of all women, 32.2% were in their postpartum period. Overall, 36.9% of women had anaemia (36.0% of non-pregnant and 44.3% of pregnant women). Of the participants, 15% had a short interbirth interval (<24 months), and 16% had a long interbirth interval (≥ 60 months). We found that both short and longer interbirth intervals were associated with an increased risk of maternal anaemia in a dose-response fashion. Relatively a lower risk of maternal anaemia was observed between 24 and 40 months of interbirth intervals.

Conclusions
Our findings suggest that both short and longer interbirth intervals were associated with an increased risk of maternal anaemia in sub-Saharan Africa.
TRANSFORMATION OF PROPERTY TAXATION AS TOOL TO REDUCE THE MONETARY INEQUALITY OF CITIREUS
Authors: Pugachev A. A. 
Published: September 2022

Monetary inequality is one of the most pressing socio-economic problems for Russia. Taxes have so far failed to reduce inequality. Not only income taxation of citizens, but also property taxation has the potential to smooth it out.
In Russia, the share of property taxes of individuals in the tax revenues of the budget is significantly lower than in many developed countries. It is shown that property taxes of individuals have a serious potential both in increasing the budget security of regions and municipalities, and in smoothing inequality.
In Russia, the tools for smoothing inequality among property taxes include benefits for certain categories of citizens; transport tax on expensive cars («luxury tax»); reduction of the tax base for the property tax of individuals by the cadastral value of 20 sq. m. for apartments and 50 sq. m. for residential buildings. Taking into account foreign experience, it is proved that the introduction of inheritance and gift taxes, as well as an increase in property tax rates for owners of many real estate objects, can be significant within the framework of smoothing monetary inequality.
QUALITY OF LIFE OF POPULATIM OF RUSSIA: STATE, PROBLEM, PROSPECTS
Authors: Ryabova T. F. , Suray N. M. 
Published: September 2022

The relevance of the chosen topic is due to the fact that the problem of state management of the quality of lifeof the population in the country causes the need for some adjustment. This is due to the low standard of living of certain segments of the population than in the developed countries of the world. It is established that the population is decreasing every year due to unfavorable environmental and other living enoditims, as well as increased migration of residents to other states. Along with this, imported products occupy a significant niche in the country’s economy, especially dairy and meat products, which reduces the growth rate of agro — industrial organizations and the level of economic security of the country.
Another problems is the insufficient development of infrastructure in the regions and the small number of modern domestic plants for the production of innovative, knowledge-intensive means of production. These problems reduce the quality of the country’s human potential and cause the need to increase state financial capital for the reproduction of high-tech technologies. The validity of the topic is also due to the low innovative level of production of the subjects of the country’s industries, a significant proportion of obsolete means of labor, which causes a high labor intensity of manufactured goods in comparison with developed countries.
During this period, the quality of food products is regulated in Russia according by technical conditions, and therefore does not meet international requirements. The manufactured products are characterized by low competitiveness, which necessitates accelerated innovative development and the introduction of digitalization processes in specific industries.
Response of the green alga Ulva prolifera grown at different irradiance levels under ocean acidification at different life cycle stages
Authors: Ma Jing , Wang Wen , Cao Jun-Yang , Xu Tian-Peng , Chen Cheng , Xu Jun-Tian 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The effects of ocean acidification on macroalgae have been extensively studied. However, most studies focused on the adult stages, while other life cycle stages have been overlooked. To better understand the influence of the marine environment on macroalgae, their whole life cycle should be considered, especially the juvenile stage. In this study, Ulva prolifera was cultured under two CO2 concentrations (400 and 1000 ppmv) and at 10, 18, 30, and 55% of incident sunlight to assess the photosynthetic performance. Our results showed that the acidification treatment had a negative effect on growth at the juvenile stage, but a positive effect at the adult stage. The relative growth rate and effective quantum yield of PSII increased with decreased light levels, irrespective of the CO2 concentration. At the adult stage, the Chlorophyll (Chl) a, Chl b, and carotenoid contents declined under the high CO2 concentration. The protein content significantly increased at 18, 30%, and full sunlight levels under the high CO2 but not under the low CO2 concentration. Our results suggest that juveniles were less tolerant of the acidic stress compared with the adult stage, although the alga was able to increase cellular proteins in response to the acidic stress.
Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Atalantia monophylla: A potential eco-friendly agent for controlling blood-sucking vectors
Authors: Elumalai Kuppusamy , Kavipriya M. R. , Lakshmi Prabha A. , Krishnappa Kaliyamoorthy , Pandiyan Jeganathan , Nicoletti Marcello , Alharbi Naiyf S. , Kadaikunnan Shine , Khaled Jamal M. , Govindarajan Marimuthu 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Developing floral-based replacement molecules might manage blood-sucking vectors in an eco-friendly way. Atalantia monophylla (Am) aqueous leaf extract (ALE) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were evaluated against mosquitoes (Aedes vittatus, Anopheles subpictus, and Culex vishnui) and ticks (Haemaphysalis bispinosa, Rhipicephalus microplus, and R. sanguineus) at different concentrations. Phytochemical screening and AgNPs’ synthesis were performed on ALE of A. monophylla. UV-visible spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope, and transmission electron microscope were used to examine the synthesized Am-AgNPs. A. monophylla’s ALE included alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, triterpenes, coumarins, anthraquinones, and phenolics. Am-AgNPs had a higher LC50 (22.19, 23.92, 26.09, 40.25, 51.87, and 60.53 μg·mL−1, respectively) than leaf aqueous extract (LAE) against Ae. vittatus, An. subpictus, Cx. vishnui, H. bispinosa, R. microplus, and R. sanguineus larvae. A. monophylla ALE and Am-AgNPs’ bio-toxicity was investigated against aquatic and terrestrial non-target species (Acilius sulcatus, Anisops bouvieri, Araneus mitificus, and Cyrtophora moluccensis) with LC50 values ranging from 2,094.5 to 10,532.8 μg·mL−1, respectively. A. monophylla ALE and Am-AgNPs had little negative impacts on the chosen non-target fauna. Environmental protection is important nowadays. Green AgNPs are low-cost, readily accessible, environmentally safe, and effective pesticides. Am-AgNPs are effective alternative insecticides, requiring a considerable study on this plant to control blood-sucking vectors for worldwide human/animal health importance.
Comparative evaluation of INF-γ as an immunological healing marker based on anti-tubercular treatment among diabetic and non-diabetic pulmonary tuberculosis patients
Authors: Yadav Birendra Kumar , Shah Ashok Kumar , Karunanand Busi , Sudan Dharampal Singh , Sharma Monika 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Tuberculosis is an infectious airborne disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Pulmonary tuberculosis is the ninth most frequent complication of diabetes mellitus. The co-existence of TB and DM in patient causes severe TB symptoms, modify radiological findings, slower response to treatment outcomes and prognosis. IFN-γ is the key cytokine which play role in the protective immune response against mycobacterium infection. The main function of IFN-γ is macrophage activation which is able to exert its microbicidal functions. Estimation and comparison of pre and post treatment serum IFN-γ among pulmonary tuberculosis among diabetic and non-diabetic patients.

Methods
The study was conducted in the Departments of Biochemistry and Pulmonary Medicine, FMHS, SGT University, Budhera, Gurugram and District TB Centre, Gurugram, Haryana, India. In this study, 100 newly diagnosed PTB patients without diabetes mellitus and 100 newly diagnosed PTB patients with diabetes mellitus (PTB-DM) above 15 years of age were included after obtaining written consent. 5 mL venous blood was collected from patients of pre and post anti-tubercular treatment. The level of IFN-γ was measured by ELISA method.

Results
The circulating level of IFN-γ in PTB patients was significantly decreased in post-treatment (25.53 ± 6.12 pg/mL) compared to pre-treatment (58.76 ± 16.02 pg/mL) with t-value 32.03 and p-value <0.001. The circulating level of IFN-γ in PTB-DM patients was significantly decreased in post treatment (29.11 ± 7.41 pg/mL) compared to pre-treatment (44.14 ± 10.85 pg/mL) with t-value 31.35 and p-value <0.001. In the present study, level of IFN-γ in pre-treatment PTB patients (58.76 ± 16.02 pg/mL) was significantly raised compared to PTB-DM patients (44.14 ± 10.85 pg/mL) with t-value 7.55 and p-value <0.001. However, level of IFN-γ in post-treatment PTB patients (25.53 ± 6.12 pg/mL) was significantly low compared to PTB-DM patients (29.11 ± 7.41 pg/mL) with t-value 3.71 and p-value <0.001.

Conclusions
The decreased level of IFN-γ in post-treatment compared to pre-treatment in both PTB and PTB-DM patients had shown efficacy of anti-tubercular treatment. However, the post treatment level of IFN-γ was high in PTB-DM patients compared to PTB patients which verified that effect of ATT was low in PTB-DM.
Children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus in Nigeria: clinical characteristics and compliance with care
Authors: Senbanjo Idowu O. , Akinola Ibironke J. , Umar Umar I. , Anyabolu Chineme H. , Abolurin Olufunmilola O. , Adekoya Adesola O. , Adeniyi Olufunmilayo F. , Adepoju Akinlolu A. , Salisu Mohammad A. , Gwarzo Garba D. , Olorunmoteni Oluwatosin E. , Ugowe Osagie J. , Suwaid Salma , Ashubu Oluwakemi O. , Fetuga Musili B. , Oduwole Abiola O. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Objectives

The prevalence of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is increasing in most developed and developing countries. This study described the clinical characteristics and compliance with care among Nigerian children and adolescents with T1DM.

Methods
This was a cross-sectional descriptive multi-center study of children seen at the paediatric endocrinology clinic of seven selected tertiary health facilities in Nigeria. Information was collected on socio-demographics, clinical characteristics and compliance of the children with dietary recommendations and insulin therapy. Compliance with dietary recommendations and insulin therapy was graded as either good or poor based on defined criteria.

Results
The mean age of children was 13.1 ± 4.7 years. The mean age of children at the diagnosis of T1DM was 9.9 ± 4.2 years. Sixty-nine (60%) children were female while about half (47.8%) of the children were from the lower socioeconomic class. Compliance with insulin administration was good in 39.1% of the children and was significantly associated with the father’s (p=0.001) and mother’s educational status (p=0.024) while compliance with dietary recommendations was good in 20.0% of the children and was significantly associated with mother’s educational status (p=0.034) and family socioeconomic class (p=0.010). Only the mother’s level of education was independently and significantly associated with compliance to recommendations on insulin therapy (OR 4.2, 95% CI=1.5–11.6, p=0.007).

Conclusions
The compliance of children with dietary recommendations and insulin therapy was poor. Efforts should be strengthened at all healthcare facilities to educate parents on the need for compliance with management guidelines.