bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wrist accelerometer temporal analysis as a prognostic tool for aged care residents: A sub‐study of the ReMInDAR trial
Authors: Andrade Andre Q. , Lim Renly , Kelly Thu‐Lan , Parfitt Gaynor , Pratt Nicole , Roughead Elizabeth E. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundObjective measures for screening, prioritizing, and planning care for frail individuals are essential for appropriate aged care provision. This study evaluates metrics derived from actigraphy measures (captured by wrist accelerometer) as a digital biomarker to identify frail individuals at risk of adverse outcomes, including death, hospitalization, and cognitive decline.MethodsThis was a secondary study using data from a randomized controlled trial assessing the effectiveness of an ongoing pharmacist service in residential aged care facilities. Three metrics are studied and compared: the Frailty Index, the daily time spent in light time activity, and the temporal correlation of the actigraphy signal, measured by detrended fluctuation analysis. The association between actigraphy‐derived metrics at baseline and adverse events within 12 months (death, cognitive decline, and hospitalizations) was assessed using logistic regression.ResultsActigraphy records were available for 213 participants living in aged‐care, median age of 85 years. Individuals with higher temporal correlation (activity is less random) were at lower risk of death (Standardized OR: 0.49; 95% CI 0.34, 0.7, p < 0.001) and hospitalization (Standardized OR: 0.57; 95% CI 0.42, 0.77, p < 0.001) in 12 months, but there was no difference in cognitive decline (Standardized OR: 1; 95% CI 0.74, 1.35, p = 0.98). The predictive model that included temporal correlation had an area under the curve of 0.70 (CI 0.60–0.80) for death and 0.64 (CI 0.54–0.72) for hospitalization.ConclusionTemporal correlation of the actigraphy signal from aged care residents was strongly associated with death and hospitalization, but not cognitive decline. Digital biomarkers may have a place as an objective, accurate, and low‐cost patient metric to support risk stratification and clinical planning.
Clin‐STAR corner: Practice changing advances in cardiology
Authors: Husaini Mustafa , Rich Michael W. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAlthough cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death and major disability in older adults, older patients have been consistently under‐represented in most cardiovascular clinical trials. This article summarizes the results of four trials published from 2020 to 2022 with practice‐changing implications directly applicable to the care of older adults. The key findings from these trials were that: (1) an initial conservative approach to managing selected patients with stable ischemic heart disease is reasonable, even in the setting of moderate or severe ischemia; (2) empagliflozin is effective in reducing heart failure hospitalizations in patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction, with or without diabetes; (3) an individually tailored physical rehabilitation program reduces deconditioning and functional decline in older patients hospitalized with heart failure; and (4) restricting dietary sodium intake to less than 1500 mg/day is unlikely to improve outcomes in most patients with heart failure.
Integrated mental health treatment guidelines for prescribers in intellectual and developmental disabilities
Authors: Caoili Andrea , Hecker Melanie , Klick Susan , McLaren Jennifer , Beasley Joan , Barnhill Jarrett 
Published: December 2022

AbstractFew healthcare providers receive guidance on the unique needs of persons with intellectual and developmental disabilities and mental healthcare needs. Our aim was to develop a tool for health care providers to use as a guide to address the complex needs of this patient population. The development of the Integrated Mental Health Treatment Guidelines for Prescribers in Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities consisted of five steps: focus groups, draft of the guidelines, evaluation of the guidelines, finalization, and dissemination of the guidelines. The focus groups revealed themes in five domains: (1) relationships, communication, and openness; (2) understanding the person, their environment, and culture; (3) importance of an integrated care and wellness approach; (4) consideration of treatment modifications; (5) recommendations from focus group participants regarding the guidelines. These focus groups informed the development of the guidelines. Forty‐three prescribers evaluated the guidelines noting multiple strengths and some recommendations. Based on this feedback the guidelines were modified as needed, finalized, and disseminated. This paper describes the development of the Integrated Mental Health Treatment Guidelines for Prescribers in Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities. An evidence‐informed, easy‐to‐use, web‐based guide with links to best practice resources. These guidelines incorporate integrated health, other mental health approaches, and the input of patients.
Golovinomyces cichoracearum effector‐associated nuclear localization of RPW8.2 amplifies its expression to boost immunity in Arabidopsis
Authors: Zhao Jing‐Hao , Huang Yan‐Yan , Wang He , Yang Xue‐Mei , Li Yan , Pu Mei , Zhou Shi‐Xin , Zhang Ji‐Wei , Zhao Zhi‐Xue , Li Guo‐Bang , Hassan Beenish , Hu Xiao‐Hong , Chen Xuewei , Xiao Shunyuan , Wu Xian‐Jun , Fan Jing , Wang Wen‐Ming 
Published: December 2022

Summary

Arabidopsis RESISTANCE TO POWDERY MILDEW 8.2 (RPW8.2) is specifically induced by the powdery mildew (PM) fungus (Golovinomyces cichoracearum) in the infected epidermal cells to activate immunity. However, the mechanism of RPW8.2‐induction is not well understood.

Here, we identify a G. cichoracearum effector that interacts with RPW8.2, named Gc‐RPW8.2 interacting protein 1 (GcR8IP1), by a yeast two‐hybrid screen of an Arabidopsis cDNA library.

GcR8IP1 is physically associated with RPW8.2 with its REALLY INTERESTING NEW GENE finger domain that is essential and sufficient for the association. GcR8IP1 was secreted and translocated into the nucleus of host cell infected with PM. Association of GcR8IP1 with RPW8.2 led to an increase in RPW8.2 in the nucleus. In turn, the nucleus‐localized RPW8.2 promoted the activity of the RPW8.2 promoter, resulting in transcriptional self‐amplification of RPW8.2 to boost immunity at infection sites. Additionally, ectopic expression or host‐induced gene silencing of GcR8IP1 supported its role as a virulence factor in PM.

Altogether, our results reveal a mechanism of RPW8.2‐dependent defense strengthening via altered partitioning of RPW8.2 and transcriptional self‐amplification triggered by a PM fungal effector, which exemplifies an atypical form of effector‐triggered immunity.
A Novel and Open Classification Emphasizing on Osteoligamentous Complex for Distal Clavicle Fractures
Authors: Han Zhihua , Dong Jingming , Wu Jianhong , Bi Chun , Wang Qiugeng , Lin Haodong , Zhang Lei , Wu Xiaoming 
Published: December 2022

ObjectiveCurrent X‐ray‐based classification methods cannot describe all distal clavicle fracture (DCF) patterns, especially the osteoligamentous injury pattern of DCFs. We aimed to develop a novel classification based on the osteoligamentous injury pattern of the DCFs and investigated its reliability.MethodsAll DCFs from January 2017 to January 2022 were respectively screened and 45 cases (mean age 20–78; male 31, female 14) met the including criteria and were enrolled. Based on their Zanca view X‐ray radiograph and three‐dimensional CT construction images, we analyzed the osteoligamentous injury pattern of each case, particularly the acromioclavicular (AC) and coracoclavicular ligaments and their bone attachment. Then we developed a novel classification method, five types in total, sorting all DCFs according to their lesion manifestations of osteoligamentous complex. Also, we investigated the inter‐ and intra‐observer reliability using kappa value.ResultsA novel classification method for DCF was developed, manifesting the avulsion or rupture of conoid and trapezoid ligaments, and involvement of AC joint. Forty‐five cases of DCFs were included in this study. Among them, 11 (24.4%) were Type 1 fracture, three (6.7%) cases were Type 2, six cases (13.3%) were Type 3, 21 (46.7%) were Type 4, four (8.9%) were Type 5. Kappa values for inter‐observer agreement were 0.57 after first evaluation and 0.61 after second evaluation. Intra‐observer agreement was 0.72 for experienced shoulder specialist and 0.63 for radiologist.ConclusionThis new classification method is reliable to use, supplementary to current classification systems, and emphasizes on the osteoligamentous complex injury when opting for the treatment.
Translating and validating the Child Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems Survey in Japan
Authors: Inata Yu , Nakagami‐Yamaguchi Etsuko 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe Child Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems Survey (Child HCAHPS) assesses the experiences of pediatric patients and their parents or guardians with inpatient care. This study aimed to develop a Japanese version of the Child HCAHPS and to examine its validity and reliability.MethodsA Japanese version draft of the Child HCAHPS was produced in a conceptually equivalent and culturally appropriate manner. Using the draft Japanese version, the survey was administered using a push‐to‐web method to eligible parents/guardians of children (aged 0–17 years) discharged from a tertiary children's hospital in Osaka, Japan in December 2021 through March 2022. Construct validity and internal consistency reliability were tested.ResultsOf 1300 eligible candidates to whom survey invitations were mailed, 460 returned complete surveys (response rate 35%). The validity of a composite “Involving teens in their care” remained unproven. However, with the remaining composites, confirmatory factor analysis indicated fair goodness of fit of the same factor structure as that of the original Child HCAHPS (the comparative fit index = 0.92, Tucker–Lewis index = 0.90, and root mean square error of approximation = 0.052). The Cronbach coefficient was close to or above 0.7 for most of the items, indicating good reliability.ConclusionsThe Japanese Child HCAHPS demonstrated acceptable psychometric properties for assessing patient and family experiences in a Japanese tertiary children's hospital. However, several items and composites with suboptimal properties warrant further validation in future multicenter surveys.
Cardiovascular stress reactivity, habituation, and adiposity
Authors: Moore Melody M. , Tyra Alexandra T. , Young Danielle A. , Ginty Annie T. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe relationship between adiposity and cardiovascular disease morbidity and mortality is complex. One pathway through which adiposity may influence future health outcomes is by altering how biological systems respond to stress. The current study aimed to examine the association between two metrics of adiposity (body mass index and waist‐hip ratio) and two indices of cardiovascular stress responses (reactivity and habituation). A sample of 455 participants (Mean age = 19.47, SD = 1.25 years; BMI = 24.32, SD = 5.04 kg/m2; 62% female; 17.9% Hispanic/Latino; 65.2% White, 18.7% Asian, 7.9% Black, 0.2% American Indian/Alaska Native, and 7% other) completed two acute psychosocial stress tasks. Heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were recorded throughout each stressor. In unadjusted and adjusted models, there were no statistically significant associations between adiposity and HR, SBP, or DBP stress reactivity or habituation. The current data do not support the hypothesis that adiposity influences health by altering cardiovascular responses to acute psychological stress. Results are at odds with prior population‐level studies and the single prior study examining adiposity and habituation. At the same time, results are in line with mounting evidence that adiposity itself does not drive poor cardiovascular outcomes seen in people classified as overweight or obese.
Face emotional expressions influence interhemispheric inhibition
Authors: Loi Nicola , Ginatempo Francesca , Carta Miriam , Melis Francesco , Manca Andrea , Deriu Franca 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe processing of face expressions is a key ability to perform social interactions. Recently, it has been demonstrated that the excitability of the hand primary motor cortex (M1) increases following the view of negative faces expressions. Interhemispheric interactions and sensory‐motor integration are cortical processes involving M1, which are known to be modulated by emotional and social behaviors. Whether these processes may mediate the effects of face emotional expressions on M1 excitability is unknown. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the influence of the passive viewing of face emotional expressions on M1 interhemispheric connections and sensory‐motor integration using standardized transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) protocols. Nineteen healthy subjects participated in the study. Interhemispheric inhibition (IHI) and short‐afferent inhibition (SAI) were probed in the right first dorsal interosseous (FDI) muscle 300 ms after the randomized presentation of seven different face expressions (neutral, sadness, fear, disgust, surprise and happiness). Results showed a significantly reduced IHI following the passive viewing of fearful faces compared to neutral (p = .001) and happy (p = .035) faces and following the view of sad faces compared to neutral faces (p = .008). No effect of emotional faces was detected on SAI. Data suggest that sensory‐motor integration process does not mediate the increased excitability of M1 induced by the view of negative face expressions. By contrast, it may be underpinned by a depression of IHI, which from a functional point of view may promote symmetrical avoiding movements of the hands in response to aversive stimuli.
Linearizable Abel equations and the Gurevich–Pitaevskii problem
Authors: Opanasenko Stanislav , Ferapontov Evgeny V. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractApplying symmetry reduction to a class of ‐invariant third‐order ordinary differential equations (ODEs), we obtain Abel equations whose general solution can be parameterized by hypergeometric functions. Particular case of this construction provides a general parametric solution to the Kudashev equation, an ODE arising in the Gurevich–Pitaevskii problem, thus giving the first term of a large‐time asymptotic expansion of its solution in the oscillatory (Whitham) zone.
Radiometric mapping of the Berg River estuary
Authors: Henrico Ivan , Henrico Susan , le Roux Rikus , Bezuidenhout Jacques 
Published: December 2022

AbstractGeographic Information Systems (GIS) consists of various tools to perform spatial analyses in a wide variety of disciplines, including radiometric analysis to characterize the distribution of natural radionuclide concentrations. Recently, open‐source GIS has become popular among geospatial users because it can be freely used, and powerful tools are constantly developed to enhance software capabilities. Gamma‐ray spectroscopy was used to measure the concentrations of these natural radionuclides by dragging a Delta Underwater Gamma System (DUGS) among the sediment in the Berg River estuary located in Velddrif, South Africa. In this study, QGIS was used to visually illustrate and interpret the distribution of natural radionuclides, that is, potassium (K40), thorium (Th232), and uranium (U238). These concentrations can be used to investigate various geographical and geological phenomena, which include sediment processes. The data were then interpreted to derive sediment characteristics. Various features of tidal estuaries were demonstrated by the results.
Downregulation of HbFPS1 affects rubber biosynthesis of Hevea brasiliensis suffering from tapping panel dryness
Authors: Nie Zhiyi , Kang Guijuan , Yan Dong , Qin Huaide , Yang Lifu , Zeng Rizhong 
Published: December 2022

SUMMARYTapping panel dryness (TPD) is a century‐old problem that has plagued the natural rubber production of Hevea brasiliensis. TPD may result from self‐protective mechanisms of H. brasiliensis in response to stresses such as excessive hormone stimulation and mechanical wounding (bark tapping). It has been hypothesized that TPD impairs rubber biosynthesis; however, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. In the present study, we firstly verified that TPD‐affected rubber trees exhibited lower rubber biosynthesis activity and greater rubber molecular weight compared to healthy rubber trees. We then demonstrated that HbFPS1, a key gene of rubber biosynthesis, and its expression products were downregulated in the latex of TPD‐affected rubber trees, as revealed by transcriptome sequencing and iTRAQ‐based proteome analysis. We further discovered that the farnesyl diphosphate synthase HbFPS1 could be recruited to small rubber particles by HbSRPP1 through protein–protein interactions to catalyze farnesyl diphosphate (FPP) synthesis and facilitate rubber biosynthesis initiation. FPP content in the latex of TPD‐affected rubber trees was significantly decreased with the downregulation of HbFPS1, ultimately resulting in abnormal development of rubber particles, decreased rubber biosynthesis activity, and increased rubber molecular weight. Upstream regulator assays indicated that a novel regulator, MYB2‐like, may be an important regulator of downregulation of HbFPS1 in the latex of TPD‐affected rubber trees. Our findings not only provide new directions for studying the molecular events involved in rubber biosynthesis and TPD syndrome and contribute to rubber management strategies, but also broaden our knowledge of plant isoprenoid metabolism and its regulatory networks.
Experimental models of bone marrow lesions in ovine femoral condyles
Authors: Stewart Holly L. , Easley Jeremiah T. , Selberg Kurt T. , Puttlitz Christian M. , Nakamura Lucas K. , Johnson Jimmy W. , Kawcak Christopher E. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo develop an in vivo experimental model for bone marrow lesions (BMLs) in ovine femorotibial joints.Study designRandomized, prospective experimental study.AnimalsEighteen healthy, skeletally‐mature Dorper cross ewes.MethodsOne medial femoral condyle was penetrated with a 1.1 mm pin, and the contralateral medial femoral condyle was treated with transcutaneous extracorporeal shockwave (ESW) at 0.39 ± 0.04 mJ/mm2. Clinical examination, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT), and histopathological analyses were used to detect and characterize the development and progression of BMLs in the medial femoral condyle at 4, 8, and 12 weeks post‐surgery.ResultsPin penetration induced a BML detected on MRI within 2 weeks and lasted at least 12 weeks. BMLs were not observed in ESW‐treated condyles. Histologically, BMLs were characterized by hemorrhage and inflammatory cellular infiltrate, and progressed to more dense fibrous tissue over time. Pathological changes were not observed in the articular cartilage overlying the region of BMLs.ConclusionsDirect, focal trauma to all layers of the osteochondral unit was sufficient to create an experimentally‐induced BML which persisted for at least 90 days. The protocol used for ESW in this study did not induce BMLs.Clinical significanceExperimental induction of BMLs is possible and mimicked naturally occurring disease states. Volumetric imaging is a sensitive method for characterization of the dynamic nature of these lesions.
The Corrosion of Stressed Alloy-Steel Bars by High-Temperature Steam
Authors: Solberg H. L. , Potter A. A. , Hawkins G. A. , Agnew J. T. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
An investigation was undertaken at Purdue University of the corrosion by steam of various stressed samples of steels which are available for high-temperature service. Apparatus was constructed and techniques developed for measuring the amount of corrosion on stressed specimens. Data are presented in this paper, showing the effect of stress upon the corrosion of Carbon-Moly, 1.25 Cr-Moly, 2 Cr-Moly, 7 Cr-Moly, 9 Cr-Moly, and 18-8 stainless-steel samples. Within the range of the test conditions stress does not influence the penetration or corrosion due to high-temperature steam. No intergranular attack took place except for a small amount in the case of Carbon-Moly steel during a 2000-hr test. Chromium content increases the resistance of steels to corrosion by high-temperature steam.
Modern Applications of Overfire Air
Authors: Carroll H. C. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Overfire air supplied by steam jets has in the past proved to be an economical and effective means for improving combustion in furnaces. More recently high-pressure air jets supplied by power-driven fans have been employed with great success. After stating the requirements, this paper deals with typical applications of overfire air to furnaces equipped with various types of stokers. The use of the portable ultimate-gas-analysis machine in studying combustion conditions in furnaces and in making heat-balance tests is also described.
Elastic Properties of Curved Tubes
Authors: Vigness Irwin 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
A theory of flexibility of pipe bends perpendicular to the plane of the bend has been established. Experimental results are given in this paper verifying the derived bending equations. Results show the pipes to be more flexible than expected from the application of the “rod” theory. A flexibility factor is obtained which is identical with that found for the bending of pipe in the plane of its bend. The increased flexibility is caused by a distortion of the cross section of the pipe. There is no change in the torsional rigidity of the curved tube as compared with the rod theory. Transverse stresses similar to those caused by bending in the plane of the bend are set up in the pipe wall. Longitudinal stresses are concentrated at their point of maximum value and are of greater magnitude than expected from ordinary theory. The theory of bending of two-dimensional pipe systems in the plane of their bends is given additional experimental verification.
Antifriction-Bearing Developments for Aviation Engines
Authors: Barish Thomas 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Rapid advances in aircraft-engine design for higher powers have required corresponding improvements in antifriction bearings. From an intimate knowledge of the requirements the author presents a comprehensive outline of the progress made in bearing developments with particular reference to current practice. The discussion includes details of bearings for the following services: crankshaft, propeller thrust, rocker arm, supercharger, and controllable propeller.
Results of Tests on Volumeters for Liquid Hydrocarbons
Authors: Pigott R. J. S. , Ambrosius E. E. , Jacobson E. W. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This paper gives the results of the continuation of a test program begun in May, 1939, by the A.S.M.E. Special Research Committee on Fluid Meters, to determine the characteristics of displacement-type mechanical meters for measuring liquid hydrocarbons. Subsequently a Special Subcommittee to guide the volumeter research work was appointed and later expanded to include members from the Petroleum Institute and the meter-manufacturing companies. Meter-calibration test work, which is the first phase of the volumeter research program now under way, has been virtually completed. The essentials of the preliminary study of test results are contained in this paper. Later complete supporting data for the results will be given. The test work conducted shows that displacement meters are subject to viscosity and temperature effects, and if close measurement is to be obtained, suitable calibration equipment must be provided to test each meter at the viscosity, near the temperature, and throughout the flow range at which it is to be operated.