bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing Emotional Expressions During a Cycling-Based Initiative for Older Care Home Residents Using Video-Based Recordings
Authors: Gray Ryan , Faraghat Shana , Gow Alan J. 
Published: August 2022

Objective: Through Cycling Without Age, trained volunteers use specially designed trishaws to provide rides for older adults living in care homes and other supported living environments. Qualitative and quantitative research suggests benefits in terms of improvements in mood and wellbeing. Those studies have predominantly been interviews with participants reflecting on previous rides, or as pre-/post-assessments. The current study assessed emotional experiences using video recordings acquired during participants’ rides. Methods: Twelve older adults (50% female; 67-92 years old (M = 81.8, SD = 7.4)) living in care homes or supported living environments were recruited. During a Cycling Without Age ride, participants were filmed using an action camera mounted on the trishaw. Recordings were rated using the Facial Expression Coding System by two researchers to assess the frequency, duration and intensity of positive and negative emotions. Results: On average, 23.7 positive emotional expressions were observed per ride, significantly higher than negative emotions (0.4). As well as more frequent, positive emotions were observed over a longer duration in total (139.5 seconds vs. 1.3) and rated as more intense (1.9 out of 5 vs. 0.3). Conclusion: The study supported the value of directly assessing emotional responses during this cycling-based initiative, including minimising the input required from participants. The predominantly positive emotional expressions observed were consistent with both qualitative and quantitative assessments of Cycling Without Age, and suggests a potential pathway by which those benefits manifest. Future studies might adopt a triangulated approach, using in-activity monitoring, quantitative assessments and participant reflections.
Nurses’ Lived Experiences of Caring for Patients with COVID-19 in Nigeria
Authors: Popoola Tosin , Popoola Victor , Nelson Katherine 
Published: August 2022

Introduction Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, nurses have been on the frontline providing care for patients with COVID-19. Caring for patients with COVID-19 can be a rewarding experience for nurses, but research also suggests that nurses experience numerous challenges on the frontline. Objectives This study aims to explore the experiences of frontline nurses caring for patients with COVID-19 in Nigeria Methods Ten nurse volunteers working in a COVID-19 isolation center were purposively recruited. Data were collected with a semi-structured interview guide, and a template analysis approach was used to analyze the transcribed interviews. Results The participants volunteered at the isolation center for safety reasons, professional gain, and concern for humanity. Working at the isolation center was accompanied by changes in working hours, work dynamics, care context and care tools. These changes resulted in personal, professional, and work-related challenges for nurses. However, team spirit, positive patient outcomes, gratitude and family support helped the nurses cope with the challenges. Conclusions This research highlighted that working on the frontline of COVID-19 is associated with multiple and complex challenges that can impact nurses’ personal and professional life. Thus, a tailored approach to support is needed to address the challenges faced by frontline nurses.
Correlation between Carotid Artery Mean Intima-Media Thickness and brain Natriuretic Peptide in Patients with Psoriasis
Authors: Niknezhad Nasim , Shahidi-Dadras Mohammad , Rajabi Fateme , Khah Hamidreza Haghighat , Niknejad Nakisa , Younespour Shima 
Published: August 2022

Background Numerous studies have documented an association between psoriasis and subclinical atherosclerosis. Objective We aimed to investigate the effects of psoriasis on the levels of N-terminal prohormone B type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and clarify whether this factor correlates with the evaluations of subclinical atherosclerosis, measured with mean intima-media thickness (MIMT) of the carotid artery. Methods Sixty-one psoriatic patients and sixty-one healthy, age and sex-matched volunteers were enrolled. MIMT was assessed via ultrasonography and serum NT-proBNP level were measured by electrochemiluminescence. Results Both NT-proBNP and MIMT were significantly higher in psoriasis patients. This remained true even after controlling for the effects of age and gender. MIMT was positively correlated with age and serum NT-proBNP level in both groups. Conclusions In conclusion, NT-proBNP levels may be used as a predictor of subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with psoriasis.
Clinical profile of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19- and BBV152-vaccinated individuals among hospitalized COVID-19 patients: a pair-matched study
Authors: Keri Vishakh C. , Arunan Bharathi , Kodan Parul , Soneja Manish , Nischal Neeraj , Varadarajan Ashwin , Didwania Akansha , R.L. Brunda , Aggarwal Anivita , Jorwal Pankaj , Kumar Arvind , Ray Animesh , Sethi Prayas , Meena Ved Prakash , Khanna Puneet , Singh Akhil Kant , Aggarwal Richa , Soni Kapil Dev , Goyal Alpesh , Das Animesh , Trikha Anjan , Wig Naveet 
Published: August 2022

Background: COVID-19 infections among severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-vaccinated individuals are of clinical concern, especially in those requiring hospitalization. Such real-world data on ChAdOx1 nCoV-19- and BBV152-vaccinated individuals are scarce. Hence, there is an urgent need to understand their clinical profile and outcomes. Methods: A 1:1 pair-matched study was performed among vaccinated and unvaccinated COVID-19 patients admitted between March 2021 and June 2021 at a tertiary care centre in New Delhi, India. The vaccinated group (received at least one dose of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 or BBV152) was prospectively followed till discharge or death and matched [for age (±10 years), sex, baseline disease severity and comorbidities] with a retrospective group of unvaccinated patients admitted during the study period. Paired analysis was done to look for clinical outcomes between the two groups. Results: The study included a total of 210 patients, with 105 in each of the vaccinated and unvaccinated groups. In the vaccinated group, 47 (44.8%) and 58 (55.2%) patients had received ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 and BBV152, respectively. However, 73 patients had received one dose and 32 had received two doses of the vaccine. Disease severity was mild in 36.2%, moderate in 31.4% and severe in 32.4%. Two mortalities were reported out of 19 fully vaccinated individuals. All-cause mortality in the vaccinated group was 8.6% (9/105), which was significantly lower than the matched unvaccinated group mortality of 21.9% (23/105), p = 0.007. Vaccination increased the chances of survival (OR = 3.8, 95% CI: 1.42–10.18) compared to the unvaccinated group. Conclusion: In the second wave of the pandemic predominated by delta variant of SARS CoV-2, vaccination reduced all-cause mortality among hospitalized patients, although the results are only preliminary.
Value-based analysis of a Singaporean post-ED discharge support program for older adults
Authors: Ong Colin Eng Choon , Phan Phillip , Wu Christine Xia , Chen Zhaoqi , Quek Lit Sin 
Published: August 2022

Objective We evaluated the effectiveness of a post emergency department (ED) discharge intervention for frail, older adult patients in reducing hospital admissions. Methods 9-month retrospective real-world evaluation of a quality improvement intervention comparing frail adults 65-years and older who received a post-ED discharge intervention program (SAFE-Lite) with those who were eligible but declined and received usual care instead. The primary outcomes were the differences in rates of first acute hospital admission at 30- and 60-days post-ED discharge. The difference in primary outcome between the two groups was compared using the Cox proportional hazards model. We report adjusted hazards ratios (HRs) with 95% CIs for age, gender, Triage Risk Screening Tool (TRST) scores, as well as baseline ED utilization and acute hospital admission rates in the past year. Results There were 66 patients in the intervention group and 46 patients in the control group. There was no significant difference in risk of acute hospital admission at both 30 days (15 vs. 13%, HR = 0.92, 95% CI: 0.35–2.41) and 60 days (21 vs. 16%, HR = 0.97, 95% CI: 0.42–2.21) for the intervention and control groups. Conclusion Compared to usual post-ED discharge care, SAFE-Lite showed no difference in reducing 30- and 60-day admissions of frail, older patients.
Management of Failed Latarjet Procedure Using a Distal Clavicular Autograft
Authors: Abihssira Sharon , Housset Victor , Le Hanneur Malo , Nourissat Geoffroy 
Published: August 2022

Background: Latarjet procedure is the gold standard surgery in cases of shoulder instability with substantial bone loss. Recurrence is scarce but its management may be challenging. Numerous revision techniques, based on soft tissue repairs with autograft or allograft augmentations, have been developed. Autografts are associated with potential donor-site morbidity while allografts may generate additional costs. We present here the use of the ipsilateral distal clavicular osteochondral autograft in the setting of failed Latarjet procedure. Indication: The indication is a failed coracoid bone block procedure with recurrent instability and preoperative imaging demonstrating intact acromioclavicular (AC) joint with preserved coracoclavicular (CC) ligaments. This technique should not be used if there was a previous lesion of the CC ligaments during coracoid harvest. Technique Description: A delto-pectoral approach is used and extended superiorly to access the distal clavicle end as well as the glenohumeral (GH) joint anterior aspect. A distal clavicular osteochondral autograft is harvested with an oscillating saw after identifying the AC joint with a needle to prevent any resection medial to the CC ligament insertions, which would compromise distal clavicle stability. The GH joint anterior aspect is exposed, similar to the Latarjet procedure, to first remove the coracoid graft remnants along with any scar tissues surrounding the joint anterior aspect. Distal clavicular autograft is predrilled and fixed to the scapula using 2 cortical screws. The clavicular articular surface may be used to replace the glenoid cartilage defect. In this case, the anatomy of the distal clavicle did not allow us to perform such articular replacement. Results: Return to daily activities was authorized after 3 weeks postoperatively. After 6 weeks, shoulder pain lowered and no clavicle instability or donor-site complication was reported. Return to sport is expected in 50% of cases, compared with other revision procedures. Computed tomography (CT) scan showed an adequate positioning of the bone block and its fusion at 3 months postoperatively. Conclusion: In the setting of a failed Latarjet procedure with recurrent shoulder instability, distal clavicular autograft appears to be a reliable option to reduce donor-site morbidity and avoid additional costs. A prospective clinical study is needed to evaluate this technique in the long term.
Neutrophil trogocytosis during their trans-endothelial migration: role of extracellular CIRP
Authors: Takizawa Satoshi , Lee Yongchan , Jacob Asha , Aziz Monowar , Wang Ping 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Neutrophils are the most abundant innate immune cells in the circulating blood, and they act as the first responder against bacterial and fungal infection. However, accumulation of activated neutrophils can cause severe inflammation and tissue damage. Recently, neutrophil trogocytosis or membrane transfer with neighboring cells was reported to modulate immune responses. Extracellular cold-inducible RNA binding protein (eCIRP) is a newly identified damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP). eCIRP can activate neutrophils to be more pro-inflammatory. This study aimed to identify the role of eCIRP in neutrophil trogocytosis during their trans-endothelial migration.

Methods
A trans-endothelial migration (TEM) assay using bone marrow neutrophils and mouse primary lung vascular endothelial cells was conducted using transwell chambers and neutrophil trogocytosis was assessed in vitro. In an in vivo mouse model of acute lung injury, neutrophil trogocytosis was assessed from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid.

Results
In TEM assay, the trogocytosis of neutrophils occurred during trans-endothelial migration and eCIRP significantly increased the percentage of these neutrophils. The trogocytosed neutrophils acquired the endothelial membrane containing junctional adhesion molecule-C (JAM-C) and VE-cadherin, and these membrane patches were polarized by Mac-1 binding. Furthermore, eCIRP-induced JAM-C positive trogocytosed neutrophils are more pro-inflammatory than the JAM-C negative counterpart. JAM-C positive trogocytosed neutrophils were also observed in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of a mouse model of acute lung injury.

Conclusion
These data suggest that during the paracellular trans-endothelial migration of neutrophils in response to inflammation, eCIRP induces trogocytosis of neutrophils, and the trogocytosed neutrophils exhibit an exaggerated pro-inflammatory phenotype promoting acute lung injury.
HYAL3 as a potential novel marker of BLCA patient prognosis
Authors: Liu Jun-peng , Fang Yu-tong , Jiang Yi-fan , Lin Hao 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
It has been previously demonstrated that hyaluronan (HA) potentially regulates the initiation and propagation of bladder cancer (BLCA). HYAL3 encodes hyaluronidase and is a potential therapeutic target for BLCA. We aimed to explore the role that HYAL3 plays in BLCA pathogenesis.

Methods
HYAL3 expression in BLCA specimens was analyzed using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) cohort as well as confirmed in cell lines and The Human Protein Atlas. Then, associations between HYAL3 expression and clinicopathological data were analyzed using survival curves and receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves. The functions of HYAL3 were further dissected using Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis and the protein–protein interaction network. Finally, we harnessed the Tumor IMmune Estimation Resource and Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis to obtain correlations between HYAL3 expression, infiltrating immunocytes, and the corresponding immune marker sets.

Results
HYAL3 expression varied greatly between many types of cancers. In addition, a higher HYAL3 expression level predicted a poor overall survival (OS) in both TCGA-BLCA and GEO gene chips (P < 0.05). HYAL3 also exhibited an acceptable diagnostic ability for the pathological stage of BLCA (area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve = 0.769). Furthermore, HYAL3 acted as an independent prognostic factor in BLCA patients and correlated with the infiltration of various types of immunocytes, including B cells, CD8+ T cells, cytotoxic cells, T follicular helper cells, and T helper (Th) 2 cells.

Conclusion
HYAL3 might serve as a potential biomarker for predicting poor OS in BLCA patients and correlated with immunocyte infiltration in BLCA.
Chitinolytic enzymes contribute to the pathogenicity of Aliivibrio salmonicida LFI1238 in the invasive phase of cold-water vibriosis
Authors: Skåne Anna , Edvardsen Per Kristian , Cordara Gabriele , Loose Jennifer Sarah Maria , Leitl Kira Daryl , Krengel Ute , Sørum Henning , Askarian Fatemeh , Vaaje-Kolstad Gustav 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Aliivibrio salmonicida is the causative agent of cold-water vibriosis in salmonids (Oncorhynchus mykiss and Salmo salar L.) and gadidae (Gadus morhua L.). Virulence-associated factors that are essential for the full spectrum of A. salmonicida pathogenicity are largely unknown. Chitin-active lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs) have been indicated to play roles in both chitin degradation and virulence in a variety of pathogenic bacteria but are largely unexplored in this context.

Results
In the present study we investigated the role of LPMOs in the pathogenicity of A. salmonicida LFI238 in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.). In vivo challenge experiments using isogenic deletion mutants of the two LPMOs encoding genes AsLPMO10A and AsLPMO10B, showed that both LPMOs, and in particular AsLPMO10B, were important in the invasive phase of cold-water vibriosis. Crystallographic analysis of the AsLPMO10B AA10 LPMO domain (to 1.4 Å resolution) revealed high structural similarity to viral fusolin, an LPMO known to enhance the virulence of insecticidal agents. Finally, exposure to Atlantic salmon serum resulted in substantial proteome re-organization of the A. salmonicida LPMO deletion variants compared to the wild type strain, indicating the struggle of the bacterium to adapt to the host immune components in the absence of the LPMOs.

Conclusion
The present study consolidates the role of LPMOs in virulence and demonstrates that such enzymes may have more than one function.
Comparative effect of transforaminal injection of Magnesium sulphate versus Ozone on oxidative stress biomarkers in lumbar disc related radicular pain
Authors: Fathy Wael , Hussein Mona , Ibrahim Raghda E. , Abdel-Aziz Manar M. , Adel Shaden , Soliman Shaimaa H. , Elmoutaz Hatem , Abdelkader Mohamed 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundWe aimed to investigate the effect of transforaminal injection of Magnesium sulphate versus Ozone on pain intensity, functional disability and the oxidative stress biomarkers; superoxide dismutase (SOD) and Glutathione (GSH) in patients with lumbar disc prolapse.MethodsThis randomized controlled trial was conducted on 135 patients having symptomatic lumbar disc prolapse, received either transforaminal injection of Magnesium sulphate with steroids, Ozone with steroids, or steroids alone. Assessment of pain severity and functional disability were done before intervention, 2 weeks, 1, 3, and 6 months after intervention. Serum SOD and GSH were measured for all included patients before and 2 weeks after intervention.ResultsThere was a statistically significant improvement in pain intensity and functional disability 2 weeks after intervention in the three groups, but at 1-month and 3-months after intervention, the significant improvement was in Mg sulphate and Ozone groups only. At 6-months follow up, Mg sulphate group only showed a significant improvement. There was a statistically significant increase in SOD and GSH serum levels, 2-weeks after intervention in both Magnesium sulphate (P-value = 0.002, 0.005 respectively) and ozone groups (P-value < 0.001, < 0.001), but there was no statistically significant change in SOD and GSH serum levels in control group.ConclusionTransforaminal injection of Mg sulphate in patients with lumbar disc prolapse causes significant long-term improvement (up to 6 months) in pain intensity and functional disability. The serum levels of SOD and GSH were significantly increased at 2 weeks following both transforaminal injection of Mg sulphate and ozone.
Urinary tract infections in children: building a causal model-based decision support tool for diagnosis with domain knowledge and prospective data
Authors: Ramsay Jessica A. , Mascaro Steven , Campbell Anita J. , Foley David A. , Mace Ariel O. , Ingram Paul , Borland Meredith L. , Blyth Christopher C. , Larkins Nicholas G. , Robertson Tim , Williams Phoebe C. M. , Snelling Thomas L. , Wu Yue 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundDiagnosing urinary tract infections (UTIs) in children in the emergency department (ED) is challenging due to the variable clinical presentations and difficulties in obtaining a urine sample free from contamination. Clinicians need to weigh a range of observations to make timely diagnostic and management decisions, a difficult task to achieve without support due to the complex interactions among relevant factors. Directed acyclic graphs (DAG) and causal Bayesian networks (BN) offer a way to explicitly outline the underlying disease, contamination and diagnostic processes, and to further make quantitative inference on the event of interest thus serving as a tool for decision support.MethodsWe prospectively collected data on children present to ED with suspected UTIs. Through knowledge elicitation workshops and one-on-one meetings, a DAG was co-developed with clinical domain experts (the Expert DAG) to describe the causal relationships among variables relevant to paediatric UTIs. The Expert DAG was combined with prospective data and further domain knowledge to inform the development of an application-oriented BN (the Applied BN), designed to support the diagnosis of UTI. We assessed the performance of the Applied BN using quantitative and qualitative methods.ResultsWe summarised patient background, clinical and laboratory characteristics of 431 episodes of suspected UTIs enrolled from May 2019 to November 2020. The Expert DAG was presented with a narrative description, elucidating how infection, specimen contamination and management pathways causally interact to form the complex picture of paediatric UTIs. Parameterised using prospective data and expert-elicited parameters, the Applied BN achieved an excellent and stable performance in predictingEscherichia coliculture results, with a mean area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.86 and a mean log loss of 0.48 based on 10-fold cross-validation. The BN predictions were reviewed via a validation workshop, and we illustrate how they can be presented for decision support using three hypothetical clinical scenarios.ConclusionCausal BNs created from both expert knowledge and data can integrate case-specific information to provide individual decision support during the diagnosis of paediatric UTIs in ED. The model aids the interpretation of culture results and the diagnosis of UTIs, promising the prospect of improved patient care and judicious use of antibiotics.