bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of pelvic floor dysfunction in women in Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Malaekah Haifaa , Al Medbel Haifaa Saud , Al Mowallad Sameerah , Al Asiri Zahra , Albadrani Alhanouf , Abdullah Hussam 
Published: February 2022

Objective: Pelvic floor dysfunction has a high prevalence among women worldwide. However, in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, it is underreported. Thus, we aimed to estimate the prevalence and risk factors of pelvic floor dysfunction in women in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study on literate non-pregnant women aged ⩾18 years who agreed to participate in our survey. We used the validated and translated Australian pelvic floor questionnaire and conducted a multivariate logistic regression analysis to assess the risk factors of pelvic floor dysfunction. Results: A total of 824 participants completed the questionnaire. While 60.2% of the participants had pelvic floor dysfunction, 67.7% reported signs of bowel dysfunction. Urinary dysfunction, prolapse, and sexual dysfunction were present in 44.1%, 67.7%, and 55.4% of the participants, respectively. Age, high body mass index, chronic medical illness, heavy weight lifting, and multiparity were found as the risk factors of bladder function problems. Meanwhile, chronic medical illness, heavy weight lifting, and multiparity were found as the risk factors of bowel dysfunction and prolapse. Age group and marital status were the independent factors associated with sexual dysfunction. Conclusion: We noted a high rate of pelvic floor dysfunction in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, which calls for the need to provide holistic approaches for the prevention and management of pelvic floor dysfunction among women.
Defining trapezial dysplasia – analysis of trapezial inclination in a normal population
Authors: Van Royen Kjell , Scheerlinck Thierry , Van Royen Arn , De Keyzer Pieter-Bastiaan , Baetslé Amaury , Goubau Jean 
Published: February 2022

We assess the distribution of trapezial inclination in a young population in order to propose a threshold for trapezial dysplasia. One hundred peritrapezial views were reconstructed from wrist computed tomography scan datasets to measure trapezial inclination. Seventy peritrapezial views were constructed from 10 datasets to assess the influence of radiograph rotation. Mean trapezial inclination in our population was 8° (range 0.2–17.9). Fifteen degrees of radiographic pronation or supination did not alter trapezial inclination significantly. Intra-rater consistency and absolute agreement had an interclass correlation (ICC) of 0.95. Inter-rater consistency and absolute agreement had an ICC of 0.88. Trapezial inclination is a reliable measurement for trapezial dysplasia with an excellent intra-rater and good inter-rater reliability and does not change significantly with 15° of radiographic pronation or supination. These normal values can be used to propose a threshold for trapezial dysplasia in the management of trapeziometacarpal joint instability in the younger population. Level of evidence: IV
Open Inferior glenohumeral joint dislocation with complete range of motion recovery: Case Report and literature review
Authors: Saavedra-Islas Noé , Meza-Camacho Jorge , Padilla-Medina José Ramón , Villarreal-Villarreal Gregorio Alejandro , Peña-Martínez Víctor M. , Alberto Acosta-Olivo Carlos 
Published: February 2022

Luxatio erecta is an inferior glenohumeral dislocation. It is an uncommon pathology with a prevalence of 0.5% of all shoulder dislocations. An open luxatio erecta presentation is rarer. After an extensive literature search, we only could find three complete case reports. From these cases, 2 out of 3 developed complications such as infections and severely limited range of motion, especially in flexion and abduction. We report the case of a 39-year-old man with an open inferior glenohumeral joint dislocation with complete rotator cuff tear and fracture of the greater tuberosity secondary to a motor vehicle accident. He was treated with open reduction, glenohumeral capsulorrhaphy, and transosseous rotator cuff repair with good clinical outcome. In conclusion, an open inferior shoulder dislocation is rare, less than 0.1% of all dislocations, with a high incidence of nerve injury. We suggest prompt surgical treatment with immediate administration of antibiotic therapy, wound debridement, irrigation, open reduction, and repair of the rotator cuff as an adequate protocol and focused rehabilitation with early mobilization of the glenohumeral joint.
Exploring textile-based electrode materials for electromyography smart garments
Authors: Lam Emily , Alizadeh-Meghrazi Milad , Schlums Alessandra , Eskandarian Ladan , Mahnam Amin , Moineau Bastien , Popovic Milos R 
Published: February 2022

Introduction In recent years, electromyography (EMG) has been increasingly studied for wearable applications. Conventional gel electrodes for electrophysiological recordings have limited use in everyday applications such as prosthetic control or muscular therapy at home. This study investigates the efficacy and feasibility of dry-contact electrode materials employed in smart textiles for EMG recordings. Methods Dry-contact electrode materials were selected and implemented on textile substrates. Using these electrodes, EMG was recorded from the forearm of able-bodied subjects. 25% and 50% isometric maximum voluntary contractions were captured. A comparative investigation was performed against gel electrodes, assessing the effect of material properties on signal fidelity and strength compared. Results When isolating for electrode surface area and pressure, 31 of the 40 materials demonstrated strong positive correlations in their mean PSD with gel electrodes (r > 95, p < 0.001). The inclusion of ionic liquids in the material composition, and using raised or flat electrodes, did not demonstrate a significant effect in signal quality. Conclusions For EMG dry-contact electrodes, comparing the performance against gel electrodes for the application with the selected material is important. Other factors recommended to be studied are electrodes’ durability and long-term stability.
MCRWR: a new method to measure the similarity of documents based on semantic network
Authors: Pan Xianwei , Huang Peng , Li Shan , Cui Lei 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Besides Boolean retrieval with medical subject headings (MeSH), PubMed provides users with an alternative way called “Related Articles” to access and collect relevant documents based on semantic similarity. To explore the functionality more efficiently and more accurately, we proposed an improved algorithm by measuring the semantic similarity of PubMed citations based on the MeSH-concept network model.

Results
Three article similarity networks are obtained using MeSH-concept random walk with restart (MCRWR), MeSH random walk with restart (MRWR) and PubMed related article (PMRA) respectively. The area under receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of MCRWR, MRWR and PMRA is 0.93, 0.90, and 0.67 respectively. Precisions of MCRWR and MRWR under various similarity thresholds are higher than that of PMRA. Mean value of P5 of MCRWR is 0.742, which is much higher than those of MRWR (0.692) and PMRA (0.223). In the article semantic similarity network of “Genes & Function of organ & Disease” based on MCRWR algorithm, four topics are identified according to golden standards.

Conclusion
MeSH-concept random walk with restart algorithm has better performance in constructing article semantic similarity network, which can reveal the implicitly semantic association between documents. The efficiency and accuracy of retrieving semantic-related documents have been improved a lot.
Environmental differences explain subtle yet detectable genetic structure in a widespread pollinator
Authors: Glück Marcel , Geue Julia C. , Thomassen Henri A. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe environment is a strong driver of genetic structure in many natural populations, yet often neglected in population genetic studies. This may be a particular problem in vagile species, where subtle structure cannot be explained by limitations to dispersal. Consequently, these species might falsely be considered quasi-panmictic and hence potentially mismanaged. A species this might apply to, is the buff-tailed bumble bee (Bombus terrestris), an economically important and widespread pollinator, which is considered to be quasi-panmictic at mainland continental scales. Here we aimed to (i) quantify genetic structure in 21+ populations of the buff-tailed bumble bee, sampled throughout two Eastern European countries, and (ii) analyse the degree to which structure is explained by environmental differences, habitat permeability and geographic distance. Using 12 microsatellite loci, we characterised populations of this species with Fst analyses, complemented by discriminant analysis of principal components and Bayesian clustering approaches. We then applied generalized dissimilarity modelling to simultaneously assess the informativeness of geographic distance, habitat permeability and environmental differences among populations in explaining divergence.ResultsGenetic structure of the buff-tailed bumble bee quantified by means of Fst was subtle and not detected by Bayesian clustering. Discriminant analysis of principal components suggested insignificant but still noticeable structure that slightly exceeded estimates obtained through Fst analyses. As expected, geographic distance and habitat permeability were not informative in explaining the spatial pattern of genetic divergence. Yet, environmental variables related to temperature, vegetation and topography were highly informative, explaining between 33 and 39% of the genetic variation observed.ConclusionsIn contrast to previous studies reporting quasi-panmixia in continental populations of this species, we demonstrated the presence of subtle population structure related to environmental heterogeneity. Environmental data proved to be highly useful in unravelling the drivers of genetic structure in this vagile and opportunistic species. We highlight the potential of including these data to obtain a better understanding of population structure and the processes driving it in species considered to be quasi-panmictic.
A case report of isolated primary herpes-simplex virus neuroretinitis in an immunocompetent adult
Authors: Lázaro-Rodríguez Víctor , Berrada Halima , Capella María José 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Herpes simplex virus (specifically HSV-1 and HSV-2) are greatly prevalent viruses that can cause conjunctivitis, keratitis and other rarer ocular disorders such as acute retinal necrosis syndrome or neuroretinitis. We report a case of an isolated unilateral neuroretinitis with primary HSV infection in an immunocompetent adult without other related clinical features.

Case presentation
A 60-year-old immunocompetent woman presented with sudden painless central vision loss in her left eye (best corrected visual acuity was 20/200) showing optic disc edema, submacular fluid and a delayed development of a macular star. The macular optical coherence tomography (OCT) showed a serous retinal detachment. Arterial hypertension or exposure to ionizing radiation were ruled out and the microbiological blood test battery was only positive for immunoglobulin M (IgM) for HSV-1 which allowed etiological treatment with oral valacyclovir. Complete resolution and good visual results were found within 3 months.

Conclusions
The present case of isolated neuroretinitis as a primary HSV infection in an immunocompetent patient was resolved with good functional results after valacyclovir treatment. Presence of HSV IgM in absence of other laboratory results could be enough evidence to start HSV treatment in immunocompetent patients with a macular star, as an isolated lesion, after ruling out other non-infectious causes, such as arterial hypertension or exposure to ionizing radiation. Rare infectious agents in immunocompetent patients must be considered in the differential diagnosis of neuroretinitis, even if there are no other typical symptoms or signs that could suggest the disease.
Navigating conflicting value systems: a grounded theory of the process of public health equity work in the context of mental health promotion and prevention of harms of substance use
Authors: Marcellus Lenora , Pauly Bernie , Martin Wanda , Revai Tina , Easton Kathy , MacDonald Marjorie 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundPromoting health equity and reducing heath inequities is a foundational aim and ethical imperative in public health. There has been limited attention to and research on the ethical issues inherent in promoting health equity and reducing health inequities that public health practitioners experience in their work. The aim of the study was to explore how public health providers identified and navigated ethical issues and their management related to promoting health equity within services focused on mental health promotion and preventing harms of substance use.MethodsSemi-structured individual interviews and focus groups were conducted with 32 public health practitioners who provided public-health oriented services related to mental health promotion and prevention of substance use harms (e.g. harm reduction) in one Canadian province.ResultsParticipants engaged in the basic social process ofnavigating conflicting value systems. In this process, theycame to recognize a range of ethically challenging situationsrelated to health equity within a system that held values in conflict with health equity. The extent to which practitioners recognized, made sense of, and acted on these fundamental challenges was dependent on the degree to which they had developed a critical public health consciousness. Ethically challenging situations hadimpactsfor practitioners, most importantly, the experiences ofresponding emotionally to ethical issuesand the experience ofliving in dissonancewhen working to navigate ethical issues related to promoting health equity in their practice within a health system based in biomedical values.ConclusionsThere is an immediate need for practice-oriented tools for recognizing ethical dilemmas and supporting ethical decision making related to health equity in public health practice in the context of mental health promotion and prevention of harms of substance use. An increased focus on understanding public health ethical issues and working collaboratively and reflexively to address the complexity of equity work has the potential to strengthen equity strategies and improve population health.
Barriers and facilitators of following perioperative internal medicine recommendations by surgical teams: a sequential, explanatory mixed-methods study
Authors: Flemons Kristin , Bosch Michael , Coakeley Sarah , Muzammal Bushra , Kachra Rahim , Ruzycki Shannon M. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Preoperative medical consultations add expense and burden for patients and the impact of these consults on patient outcomes is conflicting. Previous work suggests that 10–40% of preoperative medical consult recommendations are not followed. This limits measurement of the effect of perioperative medical consultation on patient outcomes and represents a quality gap, given the patient time and healthcare cost associated with consultation. We aimed to measure, characterize, and understand reasons for missed recommendations from preoperative medical consultation.

Methods
This explanatory, sequential mixed-methods study used chart audits followed by semi-structured interviews. Chart audit of consecutive patients seen in preoperative medical clinic were reviewed to measure the proportion and characterize the type of recommendations that were not completed (“missed”). This phase informed the interview participants and questions. The interview guide was developed using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research and the Theoretical Domains Framework. Template analysis was used to understand drivers and barriers of missed recommendations

Results
Chart audit included 255 patients (n=161, 63.1% female) seen in preadmission clinic between April 1 and April 30, 2019. 55.7% of patients had all recommendations followed (n=142). Postoperative anticoagulation management and postoperative cardiac biomarker surveillance recommendations were least commonly followed (50.0%, n=28, and 68.9%, n=82, respectively).
Eighteen surgical team members were interviewed. Missed recommendations were both unintentional and intentional, and the key drivers differed by these categories. Unintentionally missed recommendations occurred due to individual-level factors (drivers: knowledge of the consultation note, lack of routine for reviewing the consultation note, and competing demands on time) and systems-level factors (driver: lack of role clarity). Intentionally missed recommendations occurred due to user error due (drivers: lack of knowledge of guidelines or evidence) and appropriate modifications (driver: need to adapt a preoperative plan for a complicated postoperative course).

Conclusions
Only 55.7% of consult notes had all recommendations followed, suggesting a quality gap in perioperative medical care. Qualitative data suggests multiple drivers of missed recommendations that should be targeted to improve the efficiency of care for these patients.
Comparative metabolomic analysis reveals shared and unique chemical interactions in sponge holobionts
Authors: Zhang Shan , Song Weizhi , Nothias Louis-Félix , Couvillion Sneha P. , Webster Nicole , Thomas Torsten 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Sponges are ancient sessile metazoans, which form with their associated microbial symbionts a complex functional unit called a holobiont. Sponges are a rich source of chemical diversity; however, there is limited knowledge of which holobiont members produce certain metabolites and how they may contribute to chemical interactions. To address this issue, we applied non-targeted liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to either whole sponge tissue or fractionated microbial cells from six different, co-occurring sponge species.

Results
Several metabolites were commonly found or enriched in whole sponge tissue, supporting the notion that sponge cells produce them. These include 2-methylbutyryl-carnitine, hexanoyl-carnitine and various carbohydrates, which may be potential food sources for microorganisms, as well as the antagonistic compounds hymenialdisine and eicosatrienoic acid methyl ester. Metabolites that were mostly observed or enriched in microbial cells include the antioxidant didodecyl 3,3′-thiodipropionate, the antagonistic compounds docosatetraenoic acid, and immune-suppressor phenylethylamide. This suggests that these compounds are mainly produced by the microbial members in the sponge holobiont, and are potentially either involved in inter-microbial competitions or in defenses against intruding organisms.

Conclusions
This study shows how different chemical functionality is compartmentalized between sponge hosts and their microbial symbionts and provides new insights into how chemical interactions underpin the function of sponge holobionts.
Researching the researchers: psychological distress and psychosocial stressors according to career stage in mental health researchers
Authors: Hill Nicole T. M. , Bailey Eleanor , Benson Ruth , Cully Grace , Kirtley Olivia J. , Purcell Rosemary , Rice Simon , Robinson Jo , Walton Courtney C. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Although there are many benefits associated with working in academia, this career path often involves structural and organisational stressors that can be detrimental to wellbeing and increase susceptibility to psychological distress and mental ill health. This exploratory study examines experiences of work-related psychosocial stressors, psychological distress, and mental health diagnoses among mental health researchers.

Methods
This international cross-sectional study involved 207 mental health researchers who were post-graduate students or employed in research institutes or university settings. Work-related psychosocial stressors were measured by the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire III (COPSOQ III). Psychological distress was assessed using the Depression-Anxiety-Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21). Thoughts of suicide was assessed using an adaptation of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). History of mental health diagnoses was assessed through a custom questionnaire. Pearson’s chi-square test of independence was used to compare mental health diagnoses and suicidal ideation across career stages. The association between work-related psychosocial stressors and psychological distress was conducted using multivariate linear regression controlling for key demographic, employment-related and mental health factors.

Results
Differences in ‘demands at work’ and the ‘work-life balance’ domain were lowest among support staff (p = 0.01). Overall, 13.4% of respondents met the threshold for severe psychological distress, which was significantly higher in students compared to participants from other career stages (p = 0.01). Among the subgroup of participants who responded to the question on mental health diagnoses and suicidal ideation (n = 152), 54% reported a life-time mental health diagnosis and 23.7% reported suicidal ideation since their academic career commencement. After controlling for key covariates, the association between the ‘interpersonal relations and leadership’ domain and psychological distress was attenuated by the mental health covariates included in model 3 (β = −0.23, p = 0.07). The association between the remaining work-related psychosocial stressors and psychological distress remained significant.

Conclusions
Despite working in the same environment, research support staff report experiencing significantly less psychosocial stressors compared to postgraduate students, early-middle career researchers and senior researchers. Future research that targets key modifiable stressors associated with psychological distress including work organization and job content, and work-life balance could improve the overall mental health and wellbeing of mental health researchers.