bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of self-stigma on functioning among remitted patients with bipolar disorder
Authors: Jenhani R. , Ellouze S. , Bougacha D. , Znaidi F. , Ghachem R. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionSelf-stigma is widespread in patients with bipolar disorder, with many consequences for family, social and occupational functioning, as well as treatment adherence.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to evaluate self-stigma in remitted patients with bipolar disorder and to investigate its impact upon functioning.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional, descriptive, and analytical study of 61 patients with bipolar disorder. Euthymia was verified using the Hamilton scale for depression and the Young scale for mania. We used the Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness (ISMI) to evaluate self-stigma, the Functioning Assessment Short Test (FAST) to assess functioning.ResultsThe mean age of patients was 43.4 years. The sex ratio was 2.4. The mean score on the ISMI was 2.36. More than half of our patients (59%) were self-stigmatized. Regarding functioning, a global impairment was noted in more than two thirds of the patients (71%). Occupational functioning was the most affected area (82%). Patients with higher self-stigma scores had significantly more impaired functioning (p<10-3). To decompose the relationship between stigma and functioning into more specific spheres, we found that all scores on the different domains of functioning were associated with a significantly higher mean self-stigma score.ConclusionsThe relationship between self-stigma and functioning seems to be bidirectional. Therefore, improved social functioning could reduce self-stigma and improve self-esteem.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Physical health profile and associated behaviour during the COVID-19 pandemic in patients with bipolar disorder
Authors: Sperling J.D. , Dalkner N. , Berndt C. , Fleischmann E. , Ratzenhofer M. , Martini J. , Pfennig A. , Bauer M. , Reininghaus E. , Vinberg M. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionThe COVID-19 pandemic has led to an increased psychological strain on public mental health and may impact behavioural, mental, and physical health, presumably with effects on patients with severe mental disorders.ObjectivesThis study examines pandemic-related physical and mental health and (compensatory) behavioural changes, in patients with BD as compared to healthy control individuals.MethodsPhysical and mental health and self-reported changes in daily structure and behaviour due to pandemic were assessed using a self-constructed questionnaire and the brief symptom inventory (BSI) from outpatient clinics in Germany, Austria, and Denmark in individuals with BD and a healthy control group.ResultsThe present study included 118 individuals with BD and 215 healthy controls. Individuals with BD reported statistically significant higher physical risk burden, increased weight gain, more physical comorbidities, and a decrease in physical activity and they further reported higher rate of COVID-19 testing, had more worries concerning health and experienced more anxiety but less social distancing.ConclusionsThe COVID-19 pandemic seems to have a greater impact on physical health in individuals with BD than in healthy controls. Individuals with BD appear to be having more difficulties compensating their behaviour due to the pandemic which could amplify the effect of risk factors associated with poorer physical health. This highlights the necessity for optimising and targeting the overall treatment of both mental and physical health in patients with BD during periods with far-reaching changes such as COVID-19 pandemic.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Lurasidone-induced mania: A case report
Authors: Fernández T. , Navarro L. , Marco O. , Tardon L. , Arbelo N. , Ilzarbe L. , Barrio P. , Pacchiarotti I. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionLurasidone is an atypical antipsychotic agent with potential antidepressant effects through its antagonist activity at the 5-HT7 receptor. Although treatment-emergent affective switch (TEAS) induced by second-generation antipsychotics are not frequent, several cases have been reported. To our knowledge, there is no evidence of lurasidone-induced
TEAS.ObjectivesTo describe a case of lurasidone-induced mania.MethodsWe describe a clinical case of a patient admitted to our psychiatric outpatient unit who developed a manic episode, presumably induced by the introduction of lurasidone. We also conduct a review of the literature on this subject.ResultsA 37-year-old man diagnosed with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and an alcohol use disorder was hospitalized due to OCD decompensation with depressive symptomatology and suicidal thoughts, and for alcohol detoxification process. Since he had a previous history of clomipramine-induced TEAS, he was started on lurasidone up to 111mg to avoid the use of antidepressants, showing a progressive improvement of depressive symptoms. Thus, the patient was discharged when alcohol detoxification process was completed. Eight days after discharge, the patient began to show manic symptoms, so he had to be readmitted. Lurasidone was discontinued and valproic acid up to 1000mg/day as mood stabilizer was added, presenting a positive remission of manic symptoms.ConclusionsAccording to our experience, lurasidone may have induced an affective switch in this patient. Based on our findings, patients and psychiatrists should monitor possible lurasidone-induced mood switching. However, further research is needed in order to back-up this one case report findings.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Diagnostic Results of IQ-test in School-Aged Children with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome and Fetal Alcohol Spectrum of Disorders
Authors: Fadeeva E. , Nenasteva A. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionFAS and FASD are completely preventable conditions which can be reduced by methods of prevention aimed at alcohol eliminating by women during pregnancy.ObjectivesThe aim of the study was to assess level of intellectual impairment in children with FAS and FASD.MethodsAll children who participated in the study had physical development retardation and various dysmorphological features of FAS or FASD. The sample included 77 children, 8.6±1.03 years of age. FAS was diagnosed in 8 children, FASD in 69 children. Assessments were carried out by pediatrician, psychiatrist and psychologist; level of intelligence was assessed using WISC test.ResultsAmong children with FAS average IQ was 65.9 points (extremely low level), which corresponds to «mild mental retardation» diagnosis (F70, ICD-10). Four children with FAS had intelligence corresponding to «very low» level (IQ=70-79), three had «mild mental retardation» (IQ=50-69), and one had «moderate mental retardation» (F71, ICD-10) (IQ=35-49). Among children with FASD average IQ was higher and reached 79.5 points, corresponding to «very low» intelligence level. «Moderate mental retardation» was identified in 7.8% children with FASD; 22.1% children had «mild mental retardation», and 27.3% had «very low». In 37.7% children IQ level was within normal range: «low average» in 19.5% (IQ=80-89) and «average» in 18.2% (IQ=90-109). «Very high intelligence» (IQ=120-129) was detected in 2.6% children, «extremely high intelligence» (IQ=130 points and above) in 2.6%.Conclusions
All children with FAS had impaired mental development. Children with FASD showed a wide range of total IQ values, from moderate degree of mental retardation to very high intelligence.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
“Thoughts and Health”, the future prevention for adolescents today - Preventing a first depression
Authors: Wikberg C. , Augustsson P. , Sveinsdottir G. , Arnarsson E.Ö. , Craighead E. , Marteinsdottir I. , Lilja J. 
Published: September 2022

Introduction
Mental illness is a growing problem among adolescents. Adolescents are sensitive and at increased risk of developing a first depression. There are knowledge gaps about the long-term effects of prevention programs against depresson for adolescents.ObjectivesA randomized controlled study among Swedish adolescents in eighth grade, who are at risk of developing depression. The study examines the long-term effects of the “Thoughts and Health” prevention program and whether it is as effective Online as In Real Life (IRL).MethodsIn a first step, about 20 junior high schools in the Västra Götaland region will be recruited and randomised into one of three groups.The adolescents are screened for depression at schoolGroup 1 - Adolescents at risk of developing depression receive the course program “Thoughts and Health” Online.Group 2 - Adolescents at risk of developing depression receive the course program “Thoughts and Health” IRL.Group 3 - Adolescents at risk of developing depression receive the usual school health care (control group).Psychologists decide inclusion after a diagnostic interview. OUTCOME VARIABLESQuantitative- development of depression is measured via self-assessment instruments and follow-up assessment, by a psychologist.- school attendance and full grades at the end of compulsory school.- biomarkersQualitativeAdolescent’s experiences and perceptions of the course program.ResultsWill create evidence for prevention programs against depression and be used to develop primary prevention for adolescents Online and IRL, which will be of great importance to public health.ConclusionsThoughts and Health can be a useful tool to prevent depression among adolescentsDisclosureNo significant relationships.
A good investment: longer-term cost savings of sensitive parenting in childhood
Authors: Bachmann C. , Beecham J. , O’Connor T. , Briskman J. , Scott S. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionGood quality parenting in early childhood is reliably associated with positive mental and physical health over the lifespan.ObjectivesThe hypothesis that early parenting quality has significant long-term financial benefits has not been previously tested.MethodsDesign: Longitudinal study with follow-up from 2012 to 2016; UK multicentre study cohort. Participants: 174 young people drawn from 2 samples, one at moderate risk of poor outcomes and one at high risk, assessed aged 4–6 years then followed up in early adolescence (mean age 12.1 years). Measures: The primary outcome was total costs: health, social care, extra school support, out-of-home placements and family-born expenditure, determined through semistructured economic interviews. Early parenting quality was independently assessed through direct observation of parent–child interaction.ResultsCosts were lower for youths exposed to more sensitive parenting (most sensitive quartile mean £1,619, least sensitive quartile mean £21,763; p < .001). Costs were spread across personal family expenditure and education, health, social and justice services. The cost difference remained significant after controlling for several potential confounders. These included demographic variables (family poverty, parental education); exposure to child abuse; and child/young person variables including level of antisocial behaviour in both childhood and adolescence, IQ and attachment security.ConclusionsThis study is the first showing that more sensitive early parental care predicts lower costs to society many years later, independent of poverty, child and youth antisocial behaviour levels and IQ. The findings provide novel evidence for the public health impact of early caregiving quality and likely financial benefits of improving it.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Snapshot of a Child and Adolescent Psychiatric ER during Pandemic
Authors: Arain F. , Tohid A. , Jawad M. , Rashid A. , Korenis P. , Sanchez-Lacay J. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionThe COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted numerous fundamental systems ranging from businesses to education system. The long-term consequences of the Pandemic, namely virtual learning and prolonged social isolation are coming to fruition in Child/Adolescent-Psychiatric Emergency-Rooms (CAP-ER). Discontinuity of in-person attendance of schools has poorly impacted the mental health of children and adolescents (C&A) of low-socioeconomic areas, who often rely on schools for meals, physical activity, and mental-health support. An increase in agitation, suicidal ideation, and a declining school performance has been observed in such situations.ObjectivesThe primary objective of this study is to explore the increase in these symptoms as the presenting complaint in the psychiatric ER.MethodsBetween April to June 2021 a cross-sectional quality improvement (QI) study was done on children presenting to CAP-ER BronxCare-Hospital NY with psychiatric complaints. Concomitant substance use disorder was determined using CRAFT questionnaire.ResultsOur data comprised 209 patients (84 M/125 F) with 79 children and 130 adolescents. Ethnicity: 116 Hispanics (56%), 84 African Americans (40%), and 9 others. The most common presenting complaints were aggression (111, 53%), suicidal ideation/suicide attempt (50, 24%), acute exacerbation of chronic illness (7, 3.3%), accidental overdosage (5, 2.3%) and others (36, 17.4). Marijuana was the most used substance (34 patients).ConclusionsThere has been a surge in severity of presentation of psychiatric disorders among children and adolescents, aggression so far, the most prevalent. Further studies are needed to delineate the social links with this high emergent load and pandemic.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Health anxiety in frequently and rarely ill younger adolescents
Authors: Shishkova I. , Pervichko E. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionIt is known that a high level of health anxiety is traditionally recognized as obligatory for hypochondria, which is characterized by a clear and pronounced belief of the subject in the presence of a disease or the danger of its development (A psychiatric glossary, 1975). Such patients are usually characterized by high concern about their health, but this anxiety can be represented by varying degrees of severity. At the same time, it is important to talk not only about pathological anxiety (hypochondria), but also about conditions associated with normal human anxiety about their health, also in children and adolescents.ObjectivesTo study health anxiety in younger adolescents.MethodsThe sample: 101 respondents (44 rarely ill younger adolescents (mean age 10.6±0.1), 57 frequently ill younger adolescents (mean age 10.5±0.43)). We used: “Short Health Anxiety Inventory” (SHAI; Salkovskis et al., 2002), Questionnaire “Index of attitude toward health” (Deryabo, Yasvin, 1999), CPQ (Porter, Cattell, 1985).ResultsThe results of multiple regression analysis for a sample of younger adolescents showed that the scale of actions to preserve and promote health and factor I (sensitivity) make up the level of severity of the general scale of health anxiety in rarely ill younger teenagers (-0.476, p=0.045; 0.628, p=0.039). Health anxiety is determined by factor O (anxiety) in frequently ill younger teenagers (0.316, p=0.029).ConclusionsHealth anxiety can be viewed as a non-pathological construct associated with personality traits and behavior and has structural differences depending on the diseases’ frequency. Research is supported by the Russian Science Foundation, project No. 21-18-00624.DisclosureResearch is supported by the Russian Science Foundation, project No. 21-18-00624.
German-style board games in the mental development of children
Authors: Konovalova A. , Gasimov A. , Maslova K. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionPlay activity has been studied from a scientific point of view relatively recently. Until the middle of the twentieth century, any games were considered only as a way of leisure and/or a tool for transmitting cultural experiences.ObjectivesThe research is aimed at studying play activity as a factor of mental development of a child.MethodsThe method of work is a bibliographic analysis.ResultsIn psychology, the interest in the role of games in the psychological development of a child is primarily associated with the works of Z. Freud, J. Piaget, L.S. Vygotsky, D.B. Elkonin, who showed the importance of children’s imitation games: role-playing, directing, event-based (classification of E.O. Smirnova).Since the 90s of the XX century, this hobby is becoming ever more common. At first, modern board games were created by adults for adults, and then there appeared board games specially designed for adults to play with children (family games) and for playing children’s groups.Most of the board games popular with parents belong to the German school. Such games are characterized by relatively simple rules, a short or medium duration of the game, no direct confrontation between players and a low randomness in the course of the game (for example, Carcassonne, Catan, Ticket to Ride, etc.).ConclusionsGerman-style board games develop children’s communication skills, voluntary activity, abstract and formal-logical thinking, symbolic function, attention, the ability to cooperate (in cooperative games), imagination, and many games develop the child’s outlook and enrich the ideas about the world around and options for social interaction.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
A study of reasons why teenagers living in the countryside become alcoholics at an early age
Authors: Baranskaya L. , Babyshkina Y. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionIrreversible damage is caused to the physical and psychic health of teenagers who become alcoholics at an early age. They later become addicted to alcohol which factor leads to the risk of development of chronic diseases, medical and social consequencesObjectivesMonitoring of subjective reasons and widespread frequency of drinking alcohol by teenagers living in the countryside aged 13-17MethodsOne thousand sixty two teenagers volunteered to take part in the study: 55.0% female and 45.0% male. Anonymous survey was used. The forms made up by the Center of Monitoring of Detrimental Habits among Children and Teenagers (Moscow, Russia)ResultsThe results of the study undertaken made it possible to see the main reasons for the early formation of drinking habits and the age at which teenagers start to drink. The main reason is the socially widespread myth that alcoholic drinks of a high quality are not detrimental to health at all. One third of the teenage respondents think so. The 42.3% of the young men and 65.3% of the girls show that first drank alcoholic drinks were in the family. Teenagers living in the countryside start to drink at the age of 13 to 17 including. The peak for females is 15-16, for males it is 13-16ConclusionsTaking into account the significant role of the family in the formation of early drinking habits of teenage males and females living in the countryside and the stable attitudes in family traditions would not help form in teenagers a motivated refusal to drink alcoholDisclosureNo significant relationships.
Vegan diet as a possible cause of mental and physical disorders due to vitamin B12 deficiency in an adolescent patient
Authors: Gruber E. , Martic Biocina S. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionRecent studies show that a vegan diet causes a deficiency of vitamins (especially B12) and minerals. This can lead to severe physical and mental illnesses. On the other hand, the vegan diet is recommended as a preventative measure against cardiovascular diseases and is a growing trend among young people in developed countries for ideological reasons such as animal welfare and climate protection.ObjectivesTo show the importance of anamnesis of nutrition and vitamin B12 status in treatment of varied mental and physical symptoms in an adolescent.MethodsThe poster shows the case study of an adolescent girl who sought psychological help for nightmares and symptoms of anxiety and depression, as well as physical symptoms in the form of disturbed menstruation, fatigue and weakness, lethargy, dizziness, undifferentiated abdominal pain with nausea, and weight gain. All of which affected her academic success at university and daily functioning. An anamnesis showed that she has been following a vegetarian diet for 4 years and a vegan diet for two months.ResultsLaboratory tests showed a deficiency of vitamin B12 (130 pmol/L) and 25-Hydroxy-Vitamin D(D3+D2) (47 nmol/l) and slightly elevated TSH levels (4,2x10-3 IU/L). These tests can explain the patient’s symptoms. Other laboratory results were in the normal range. A treatment with psychological therapy and vitamin supplements was commenced. Discussion reviews, among else, recent literature findings on correlation of vitamin B12 deficiency and a vegan diet.ConclusionsNutrition and vitamin B12 status should be investigated during anamnesis of adolescent patients presenting with varied mental and physical symptoms.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Personal autonomy development and family functioning of Russian and Azerbaijan adolescents
Authors: Zakirova E. , Poskrebysheva N. , Babkina A. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionThe development of adolescent’s autonomy is influenced by both: family and culture. Cross-cultural studies show different autonomy development trajectories and culture-specific family organization tendencies. The comparison of autonomy development in different cultures can help in clarifying universal and culture-dependent aspects of autonomy development.ObjectivesThe present research studies adolescent’s autonomy in context of family functioning in Azerbaijani (Baku) and Russian (Moscow) adolescents.MethodsFamily Environmental Scale (FES), Method of unfinished sentences to study adolescent’s autonomy fields («I feel independent when…»), The Separation-Individuation Test of Adolescence (SITA) were used in the study with 201 adolescents, aged from 13 to 18.ResultsFamily functioning of adolescents from Moscow is less achievement oriented (U-test, p=0,000), family life is less organized (p=0,000) and controlling (p=0,000). Adolescents in Baku consider the value of independence in families higher (p=0,01).Context analysis of unfinished sentences shows universal categories of autonomy representation (autonomy in specific activities, autonomy as possibility to be alone) and culture specific representations: adolescents from Moscow describe autonomy more like «independence from others», whereas adolescents from Baku describe autonomy as «the presence of others nearby».Engulfment Anxiety shows negative correlations (р&lt;0,01) with family cohesion (r=0, -0,474), conflict (r=-0,466) and independence (r=-0,326) for all adolescents, with expressiveness (r=-0,490) and achievement orientation(r=-0,286) by Moscow adolescence and with intellectual-cultural (r=-0,249) and recreational family orientation (r=-0,278) by Baku adolescents.ConclusionsAutonomy development in families has universal aspects (positive effects of cohesion, etc.), but Moscow adolescents are less focused on others and family in their autonomy development.DisclosureNo significant relationships.