bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Measuring older people’s socioeconomic position: a scoping review of studies of self-rated health, health service and social care use
Authors: Spiers Gemma Frances , Liddle Jennifer E , Stow Daniel , Searle Ben , Whitehead Ishbel Orla , Kingston Andrew , Moffatt Suzanne , Matthews Fiona E , Hanratty Barbara 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundThe challenges of measuring socioeconomic position in older populations were first set out two decades ago. However, the question of how best to measure older people’s socioeconomic position remains pertinent as populations age and health inequalities widen.MethodsA scoping review aimed to identify and appraise measures of socioeconomic position used in studies of health inequalities in older populations in high-income countries. Medline, Scopus, EMBASE, HMIC and references lists of systematic reviews were searched for observational studies of socioeconomic health inequalities in adults aged 60 years and over, published between 2000 and 2020. A narrative synthesis was conducted.FindingsOne-hundred and thirty-eight studies were included; 20 approaches to measuring socioeconomic position were identified. Few studies considered which pathways the chosen measures of socioeconomic position intended to capture. The validity of subjective socioeconomic position measures, and measures that assume shared income and educational capital, should be verified in older populations. Incomplete financial data risk under-representation of some older groups when missing data are socially patterned. Older study samples were largely homogeneous on measures of housing tenure, and to a lesser extent, measures of educational attainment. Measures that use only two response categories risk missing subtle differences in older people’s socioeconomic circumstances.ConclusionPoor choice of measures of socioeconomic position risk underestimating the size of health inequalities in older populations. Choice of measures should be shaped by considerations of theory, context and response categories that detect subtle, yet important, inequalities. Further evidence is required to ascertain the validity of some measures identified in this review.
Endovascular treatment for isolated posterior cerebral artery occlusion stroke in the MR CLEAN registry
Authors: Brouwer Josje , Ergezen Saliha , Mulder Maxim Johan Heymen Laurence , Lycklama a Nijeholt Geert J , van Es Adriaan C G M , van der Lugt Aad , Dippel Diederik W J , Majoie Charles B L M , Roos Yvo B W E M , Coutinho J M , Emmer Bart J 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundEndovascular treatment (EVT) is standard of care in anterior circulation large vessel occlusions. In posterior circulation occlusions, data on EVT in isolated posterior cerebral artery (PCA) occlusions are limited, although PCA occlusions can cause severe neurological deficit.ObjectiveTo describe in a prospective study the clinical manifestations, outcomes, and safety of EVT in isolated PCA occlusions.MethodsWe used data (2014–2017) from the MR CLEAN Registry, a nationwide, prospective cohort of EVT-treated patients in the Netherlands. We included patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) due to an isolated PCA occlusion on CT angiography. Patients with concurrent occlusion of the basilar artery were excluded. Outcomes included change in National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (ΔNIHSS) score, modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score 0–3 after 90 days, mortality, expanded Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction (eTICI), and periprocedural complications.ResultsTwenty (12%) of 162 patients with posterior circulation occlusions had an isolated PCA occlusion. Median age was 72 years; 13 (65%) were women. Median baseline NIHSS score was 13 (IQR 5–21). Six (30%) patients were comatose. Twelve patients (60%) received IVT. Median ΔNIHSS was −4 (IQR −11–+1). At follow-up, nine patients (45%) had mRS score 0–3. Seven (35%) died. eTICI 2b-3 was achieved in 13 patients (65%). Nine patients (45%) had periprocedural complications. No symptomatic intracranial hemorrhages (sICH) occurred.ConclusionsEVT should be considered in selected patients with AIS with an isolated PCA occlusion, presenting with moderate–severe neurological deficits, as EVT was technically feasible in most of our patients and about half had good clinical outcome. In case of lower NIHSS score, a more conservative approach seems warranted, since periprocedural complications are not uncommon. Nonetheless, EVT seems reasonably safe considering the absence of sICH in our study.
Effects of endovascular therapy for mild stroke due to proximal or M2 occlusions: meta-analysis
Authors: Lin Chun-Hsien , Saver Jeffrey L , Ovbiagele Bruce , Tang Sung-Chun , Lee Meng , Liebeskind David S 
Published: March 2022

ObjectiveTo conduct a meta-analysis to evaluate the effect of endovascular therapy (EVT) in mild acute ischemic stroke (AIS) due to proximal versus distal occlusions.MethodsWe searched PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and clinicaltrials.gov from January 2000 to September 2021 to identify studies comparing EVT versus best medical management (BMM) in AIS with National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores ≤5 due to proximal internal carotid artery (ICA) or M1 versus distal M2 occlusions. We included studies that reported the number of patients with proximal or distal occlusions separately and reported the number of patients with freedom of disability (modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score 0–1) or functional independence (mRS score 0–2) at 90 days in proximal or M2 occlusions, respectively. OR with 95% CI was used.ResultsWe identified six studies with 653 proximal ICA and M1 occlusion patients and 666 distal M2 occlusion patients. Pooled results showed EVT versus BMM was associated with a higher rate of being disability-free in patients with proximal occlusions (OR 1.58, 95% CI 1.09 to 2.30), but was associated with a lower rate of being disability-free in patients with M2 occlusions (OR 0.70, 95% CI 0.49 to 0.99). Effect of EVT in proximal versus distal occlusions was substantially different (P for interaction=0.002). A similar pattern was seen for functional independence (P for interaction=0.05).ConclusionsFor patients with mild AIS, observational data suggest that EVT may be beneficial for proximal ICA or M1 but not for distal M2 occlusions. Randomized trials are needed to confirm these findings.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42021281034.
Mechanical thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke in COVID-19 patients: multicenter experience in 111 cases
Authors: Styczen Hanna , Maus Volker , Goertz Lukas , Köhrmann Martin , Kleinschnitz Christoph , Fischer Sebastian , Möhlenbruch Markus , Mühlen Iris , Kallmünzer Bernd , Dorn Franziska , Lakghomi Asadeh , Gawlitza Matthias , Kaiser Daniel , Klisch Joachim , Lobsien Donald , Rohde Stefan , Ellrichmann Gisa , Behme Daniel , Thormann Maximilian , Flottmann Fabian , Winkelmeier Laurens , Gizewski Elke R , Mayer-Suess Lukas , Boeckh-Behrens Tobias , Riederer Isabelle , Klingebiel Randolf , Berger Björn , Schlunz-Hendann Martin , Grieb Dominik , Khanafer Ali , du Mesnil de Rochemont Richard , Arendt Christophe , Altenbernd Jens , Schlump Jan-Ulrich , Ringelstein Adrian , Sanio Vivian Jean Marcel , Loehr Christian , Dahlke Agnes Maria , Brockmann Carolin , Reder Sebastian , Sure Ulrich , Li Yan , Mühl-Benninghaus Ruben , Rodt Thomas , Kallenberg Kai , Durutya Alexandru , Elsharkawy Mohamed , Stracke Paul , Schumann Mathias Gerhard , Bock Alexander , Nikoubashman Omid , Wiesmann Martin , Henkes Hans , Mosimann Pascal J , Chapot René , Forsting Michael , Deuschl Cornelius 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundData on the frequency and outcome of mechanical thrombectomy (MT) for large vessel occlusion (LVO) in patients with COVID-19 is limited. Addressing this subject, we report our multicenter experience.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was performed of consecutive acute stroke patients with COVID-19 infection treated with MT at 26 tertiary care centers between January 2020 and November 2021. Baseline demographics, angiographic outcome and clinical outcome evaluated by the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at discharge and 90 days were noted.ResultsWe identified 111 out of 11 365 (1%) patients with acute or subsided COVID-19 infection who underwent MT due to LVO. Cardioembolic events were the most common etiology for LVO (38.7%). Median baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score and Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score were 16 (IQR 11.5–20) and 9 (IQR 7–10), respectively. Successful reperfusion (mTICI ≥2b) was achieved in 97/111 (87.4%) patients and 46/111 (41.4%) patients were reperfused completely. The procedure-related complication rate was 12.6% (14/111). Functional independence was achieved in 20/108 (18.5%) patients at discharge and 14/66 (21.2%) at 90 days follow-up. The in-hospital mortality rate was 30.6% (33/108). In the subgroup analysis, patients with severe acute COVID-19 infection requiring intubation had a mortality rate twice as high as patients with mild or moderate acute COVID-19 infection. Acute respiratory failure requiring ventilation and time interval from symptom onset to groin puncture were independent predictors for an unfavorable outcome in a logistic regression analysis.ConclusionOur study showed a poor clinical outcome and high mortality, especially in patients with severe acute COVID-19 infection undergoing MT due to LVO.
Development, validation and comparison of multivariable risk scores for prediction of total stroke and stroke types in Chinese adults: a prospective study of 0.5 million adults
Authors: Chun Matthew , Clarke Robert , Zhu Tingting , Clifton David , Bennett Derrick A , Chen Yiping , Guo Yu , Pei Pei , Lv Jun , Yu Canqing , Yang Ling , Li Liming , Chen Zhengming , Cairns Benjamin J 
Published: March 2022

Background and purposeLow-income and middle-income countries have the greatest stroke burden, yet remain understudied. This study compared the utility of Framingham versus novel risk scores for prediction of total stroke and stroke types in Chinese adults.MethodsChina Kadoorie Biobank (CKB) is a prospective study of 512 726 adults, aged 30–79 years, recruited from 10 areas in China in 2004–2008. By 1 January 2018, 43 234 incident first stroke cases (36 310 ischaemic stroke (IS); 8865 haemorrhagic stroke (HS)) were recorded in 503 842 participants with no history of stroke at baseline. We compared the predictive utility of the Framingham Stroke Risk Profile (FSRP) with novel CKB stroke risk scores and included recalibration, refitting, stratifying by study area and addition of other risk factors. Discrimination was assessed using area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and calibration was assessed using Greenwood-Nam-D’Agostino χ2statistics.ResultsIncidence of total stroke varied fivefold by area in China. The FSRP had good discrimination for total stroke (AUC (95% CI); men: 0.78 (0.77 to 0.79), women: 0.77 (95% CI 0.76 to 0.78)), but poor calibration (χ2; men: 1,825, women: 3,053), substantially underestimating absolute risks. Recalibration reduced χ2by >80%, but did not improve discrimination. Refitting the FSRP did not materially improve discrimination, but further improved calibration. Stratification by area improved discrimination (AUC; men: 0.82 (0.82 to 0.83); women: 0.82 (0.82 to 0.83)), but not calibration. Adding other risk factors yielded modest, but statistically significant, improvements in the AUCs. The findings for IS and HS were similar to those for total stroke.ConclusionsThe FSRP reliably differentiated Chinese adults with incident stroke, but substantially underestimated the absolute risks of stroke. Novel local risk prediction equations that took account of differences in stroke incidence within China enhanced risk prediction of total stroke and major stroke pathological types.
Two-loop prediction of the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon in the Two-Higgs Doublet Model with GM2Calc 2
Authors: Athron Peter , Balazs Csaba , Cherchiglia Adriano , Jacob Douglas , Stöckinger Dominik , Stöckinger-Kim Hyejung , Voigt Alexander 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe present an extension of the software to calculate the muon anomalous magnetic moment ($${a_\mu ^{{\text {BSM}}}}$$

a
μ
BSM

) in the Two-Higgs Doublet Model. The Two-Higgs Doublet Model is one of the simplest and most popular extensions of the Standard Model. It is one of the few single field extensions that can give large contributions to $${a_\mu ^{{\text {BSM}}}}$$

a
μ
BSM

. It is essential to include two-loop corrections to explain the long standing discrepancy between the Standard Model prediction and the experimental measurement in the Two-Higgs Doublet Model. The new version 2 implements the state of the art two-loop calculation for the general, flavour violating Two-Higgs Doublet Model as well as for the flavour aligned Two-Higgs Doublet Model and the type I, II, X and Y flavour conserving variants. Input parameters can be provided in either the gauge basis or the mass basis, and we provide an easy to use SLHA-like command-line interface to specify these. Using this interface users may also select between Two-Higgs Doublet Model types and choose which contributions to apply. In addition, 2 also provides interfaces in C++, C, and , to make it easy to interface with other codes.
Hyperfine splitting effects in string hadronization
Authors: Bierlich Christian , Chakraborty Smita , Gustafson Gösta , Lönnblad Leif 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe revisit the recipe for hadron formation in the Lund string hadronization model. Given an incoming quark or quark-diquark pair, weights for hadron formation are updated to take hyperfine splitting effects arising from the mass difference between $$\mathrm {u,d}$$

u
,
d

-type and $$\mathrm {s}$$
s
-type quarks. We find that the procedure improves the description of hadron yields in $$\mathrm {e}^+\mathrm {e}^-$$

e

+

e

-

collisions and the $$\phi $$
ϕ
cross section in neutral current DIS. We also show results for proton collisions, and discuss the future use of this study in the context of small system collectivity.
Diagnosis of Liver Cirrhosis and Liver Fibrosis by Artificial Intelligence Algorithm-Based Multislice Spiral Computed Tomography
Authors: Wu Liexiu , Ning Bo , Yang Jianjun , Chen Yanni , Zhang Caihong , Yan Yun 
Published: March 2022

This research was aimed at investigating the artificial intelligence (AI) segmentation algorithm-based multislice spiral computed tomography (MSCT) in the diagnosis of liver cirrhosis and liver fibrosis. Besides, it was aimed at providing new methods for the diagnosis of liver cirrhosis and liver fibrosis. All patients were divided into the control group, mild liver fibrosis group, and significant liver fibrosis group. A total of 112 patients were included, with 40 cases in the mild liver fibrosis group, 48 cases in the significant liver fibrosis group, and 24 cases who underwent computed tomography (CT) examination in the control group. In the research, deconvolution algorithm of AI segmentation algorithm was adopted to process the images. The average hepatic arterial fraction (HAF) values of patients in the control group, mild liver fibrosis group, and severe liver fibrosis group were

17.59
±
10.03

%,

18.23
±
5.57

%, and

20.98
±
6.63

%, respectively. The average MTT values of patients in the control group, mild liver fibrosis group, and severe liver fibrosis group were

12.69
±
1.78

S,

12.53
±
2.05

S, and

12.04
±
1.57

S, respectively. The average blood flow (BF) values of patients in the control group, mild liver fibrosis group, and severe liver fibrosis group were

105.68
±
15.57

mL 100 g-1·min-1,

116.07
±
16.5

mL·100 g-1·min-1, and

110.39
±
16.32

mL·100 g-1·min-1, respectively. Besides, the average blood volume (BV) values of patients in the control group, mild liver fibrosis group, and significant liver fibrosis group were

15.69
±
4.35

mL·log-1,

16.97
±
2.68

mL·log-1, and

16.11
±
4.87

mL·100 g-1, respectively. According to statistics, the differences among the average HAF, MTT, BF, and BV values showed no statistical meaning. AI segmentation algorithm-based MSCT imaging could promote the diagnosis of liver cirrhosis and liver fibrosis effectively and offer new methods to clinical diagnosis of liver cirrhosis and liver fibrosis.
RNA Helicase DHX37 Facilitates Liver Cancer Progression by Cooperating with PLRG1 to Drive Superenhancer-Mediated Transcription of Cyclin D1
Authors: Liu Zhen , Ye Youqiong , Liu Yizhe , Liu Yanfang , Chen Huifang , Shen Mengting , Wang Zhen , Huang Shenglin , Han Leng , Chen Zhiao , He Xianghuo 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

RNA helicases are dysregulated in tumors. Here, we identified DHX37 as one of the top RNA helicase genes with upregulated expression in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). DHX37 promoted proliferation of liver cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Epigenomic profiling of DHX37-knockdown and control HCC cells revealed that DHX37 is associated with superenhancer activity. Mechanistically, DHX37 interacted with pleiotropic regulator 1 (PLRG1) to transcriptionally activate cyclin D1 (CCND1) expression via co-occupation of its promoter and superenhancer elements. DHX37 and PLRG1 promoted liver cancer cell proliferation and contributed to the poor prognosis of patients with HCC. Importantly, CCND1 inhibitors were effective as antiproliferative agents for liver cancer. These results together demonstrate a cooperative mechanistic interaction between DHX37 and PLRG1 that regulates CCND1 expression and promotes liver cancer progression, advancing our understanding of the epigenetic and transcriptional dysregulations mediated by RNA helicases and superenhancers in HCC.

Significance:
This work characterizes a novel mechanism of superenhancer-driven cyclin D1 upregulation by DHX37 and PLRG1, implicating this pathway as a potential therapeutic target in hepatocellular carcinoma.
Role of Prostaglandin E2 in the Progression of Gastrointestinal Cancer
Authors: Wilson David Jay , DuBois Raymond N. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Chronic inflammation is a well-established risk factor for several diseases, including cancer. It influences tumor cell biology and the type and density of immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME), promoting cancer development. While proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines modulate cancer development, emerging evidence has shown that prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is a known mediator connecting chronic inflammation to cancerization. This review highlights recent advances in our understanding of how the elevation of PGE2 production promotes gastrointestinal cancer initiation, progression, invasion, metastasis, and recurrence, including modulation of immune checkpoint signaling and the type and density of immune cells in the tumor/tissue microenvironment.
Time in Target Range for Systolic Blood Pressure and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients With Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction
Authors: Huang Rihua , Lin Yifen , Liu Menghui , Xiong Zhenyu , Zhang Shaozhao , Zhong Xiangbin , Ye Xiaomin , Huang Yiquan , Zhuang Xiaodong , Liao Xinxue 
Published: March 2022

Background
The association between blood pressure control and clinical outcomes is unclear among patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Both too high and too low of systolic blood pressure (SBP) have been reported to be related to poor clinical prognosis. This study aimed to assess the association between time in SBP target range and adverse clinical events among patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.

Methods and Results

This study was a secondary analysis of the TOPCAT (Treatment of Preserved Cardiac Function Heart Failure With an Aldosterone Antagonist) trial, a randomized clinical trial that compared the efficacy and safety of spironolactone in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Time in target range (TTR) was calculated using linear interpolation, with the target range of SBP defined as 110 to 130 mm Hg. The association between TTR with adverse outcomes was estimated using multivariable Cox regression to adjust for multiple confounders. Participants with greater TTR were younger, more likely to be White, had less comorbidities, and lower body mass index. After adjusting for multiple covariates including mean SBP, 1‐SD increment (38.3%) of TTR was significantly associated with a decreased risk of primary composite end point (hazard ratio [HR], 0.81 [0.73–0.90]), as well as a lower risk of all‐cause mortality (HR, 0.81 [0.73–0.90]), cardiovascular death (HR, 0.78 [0.68–0.90]), and heart failure hospitalization (HR, 0.85 [0.74–0.97]). Results were similar when participants were categorized by TTR groups. Subgroup analyses showed that the associations were more significant in young people than in the old (
P
interaction
=0.028).

Conclusions
In patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, greater time in SBP target range was statistically associated with a decreased risk of cardiovascular outcomes and mortality events beyond blood pressure level, especially among younger patients.
Temporal Changes in Pollen Concentration Predict Short‐Term Clinical Outcomes in Acute Coronary Syndromes
Authors: Al‐Mukhtar Omar , Vogrin Sara , Lampugnani Edwin R. , Noaman Samer , Dinh Diem T. , Brennan Angela L. , Reid Christopher , Lefkovits Jeffrey , Cox Nicholas , Stub Dion , Chan William 
Published: March 2022

Background
Atmospheric changes in pollen concentration may affect human health by triggering various allergic processes. We sought to assess if changes in pollen concentrations were associated with different acute coronary syndrome (ACS) subtype presentations and short‐term clinical outcomes.

Methods and Results

We analyzed data in consecutive patients presenting with ACS (unstable angina, non–ST‐segment–elevation myocardial infarction, and ST‐segment–elevation myocardial infarction) treated with percutaneous coronary intervention between January 2014 and December 2017 and enrolled in the VCOR (Victorian Cardiac Outcomes Registry). Baseline characteristics were compared among patients exposed to different grass and total pollen concentrations. The primary outcome was occurrence of ACS subtypes and 30‐day major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (composite of mortality, myocardial infarction, stent thrombosis, target vessel revascularization, or stroke). Of 15 379 patients, 7122 (46.3%) presented with ST‐segment–elevation myocardial infarction, 6781 (44.1%) with non–ST‐segment–elevation myocardial infarction, and 1476 (9.6%) with unstable angina. The mean age was 62.5 years, with men comprising 76% of patients. No association was observed between daily or seasonal grass and total pollen concentrations with the frequency of ACS subtype presentation. However, grass and total pollen concentrations in the preceding days (2‐day average for grass pollen and 7‐day average for total pollen) correlated with in‐hospital mortality (odds ratio [OR], 2.17 [95% CI, 1.12–4.21];
P
=0.021 and OR, 2.78 [95% CI, 1.00–7.74];
P
=0.05), respectively, with a trend of 2‐day grass pollen for 30‐day major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (OR, 1.50 [95% CI, 0.97–2.32];
P
=0.066).

Conclusions
Increased pollen concentrations were not associated with differential ACS subtype presentation but were significantly related to in‐hospital mortality following percutaneous coronary intervention, underscoring a potential biologic link between pollen exposure and clinical outcomes.