bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Psychological and somatic symptoms among breast cancer patients in four European countries: A cross‐lagged panel model
Authors: Roziner Ilan , Perry Shlomit , Dahabre Rawan , Bentley Gabriella , Kelada Lauren , Poikonen‐Saksela Paula , Mazzocco Ketti , Sousa Berta , Karademas Evangelos C. , Simos Panagiotis , Pettini Gretta , Oliveira‐Maia Albino J. , Mattson Johanna , Pat‐Horenczyk Ruth ,   BOUNCE Consortium
Published: August 2022

AbstractPsychological and physical health among women with breast cancer are linked. However, more research is needed to test the interrelations between psychological and somatic symptoms, over time and throughout the different phases of breast cancer treatment, to determine when and which interventions should be prioritized. Six hundred and eighty nine women from four countries (Finland, Israel, Italy and Portugal) completed questionnaires during their first clinical consultation following diagnosis with breast cancer, and again after 3 and 6 months. The questionnaires included self‐reported measures of psychological symptoms (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule Short Form) and somatic symptoms [selected items from the International European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) questionnaires]. Psychological and somatic symptoms were relatively stable across the three time‐points. Cross‐lagged paths leading from somatic to psychological symptoms (beta coefficients of 0.08–0.10), as well as vice‐versa (beta 0.11–0.12), were found to be significant. No evidence was found for cross‐cultural differences in mutual effects of psychological and somatic symptoms. The findings of this study call for tailoring personal interventions for breast cancer patients—either from a somatic perspective or a psychological perspective—and adjust them to the specific experiences of the individual patient.
Artificial Interphase Layer for Stabilized Zn Anodes: Progress and Prospects
Authors: Zhang Qihui , Su Yiwen , Shi Zixiong , Yang Xianzhong , Sun Jingyu 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe burgeoning Li‐ion battery is regarded as a powerful energy storage system by virtue of its high energy density. However, inescapable issues concerning safety and cost aspects retard its prospect in certain application scenarios. Accordingly, strenuous efforts have been devoted to the development of the emerging aqueous Zn‐ion battery (AZIB) as an alternative to inflammable organic batteries. In particular, the instability from the anode side severely impedes the commercialization of AZIB. Constructing an artificial interphase layer (AIL) has been widely employed as an effective strategy to stabilize the Zn anode. This review specializes in the state‐of‐the‐art of AIL design for Zn anode protection, encompassing the preparation methods, mechanism investigations, and device performances based on the classification of functional materials. To begin with, the origins of Zn instability are interpreted from the perspective of electrical field, mass transfer, and nucleation process, followed by a comprehensive summary with respect to functions of AIL and its designing criteria. In the end, current challenges and future outlooks based upon theoretical and experimental considerations are included.
Distributed energy resource management systems—DERMS: State of the art and how to move forward
Authors: Strezoski Luka 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDue to an ever‐increasing rise in proliferation of distributed energy resources (DERs), the paradigm of passive electrical distribution networks is shifting toward active distribution systems. This new environment introduces a plethora of challenges that cannot be managed by traditional tools, whose utilization could compromise the reliability and efficient operation of distribution feeders. This article systematically reviews state of the art in different DERs management software solutions available today. Additionally, it establishes distinguished roles and responsibilities of different levels of hierarchy in distinct solutions that are all commonly called DERs management systems—DERMS (e.g., fully centralized versus fully decentralized DER management solutions). Lastly, it offers a viewpoint on the directions that hold potential for the power system community and industry to explore for further developments of more robust and intelligent DERMS, to successfully enable efficient transition into a new era of clean and sustainable power systems, encompassing active and dynamically changing distribution circuits.This article is categorized under:Climate and Environment > Net Zero Planning and DecarbonizationEnergy and Power Systems > Distributed GenerationEnergy and Power Systems > Energy Management
The relevance of gunshot residues in forensic science
Authors: Minzière Virginie Redouté , Gassner Anne‐Laure , Gallidabino Matteo , Roux Claude , Weyermann Céline 
Published: August 2022

AbstractGunshot residues (GSR) are routinely exploited by forensic scientists in the investigation of firearm‐related events. While many new techniques are daily reported in the literature for the analysis of GSR, there is still a significant lack of data on the transfer, persistence, and prevalence of GSR. Such fundamental knowledge is essential to fully exploit the information potential of GSR for investigation or in Court. This article provides an overview of the relevant questions related to GSR, more particularly to infer about the trace's origin (i.e., is it from a firearm discharge?) and the activity that caused transfer (e.g., primary, secondary, or subsequent transfer). GSR production and composition will be briefly described, considering both inorganic and organic components. Then, the available knowledge about the primary transfer, the secondary transfer, and the persistence of GSR will be outlined, as well as the prevalence (background level) of the targeted elements and/or compounds in the environment, more particularly on the hands of people unrelated to firearm incidents. Finally, the methods developed for the collection, analysis, and interpretation of GSR will be discussed. A holistic approach combining fundamental forensic science knowledge about GSR transfer, persistence, and prevalence together with other available information is discussed as a path forward to increase the relevance and value of the GSR trace in practice.This article is categorized under:
Crime Scene Investigation > From Traces to Intelligence and Evidence
Forensic Chemistry and Trace Evidence > Trace Evidence
Forensic Chemistry and Trace Evidence > Explosive Analysis
Mononuclear Lanthanide Complexes: Energy‐Barrier Enhancement by Ligand Substitution in Field‐Induced DyIIISIMs
Authors: Gao Yu , Yang Peipei , Hu Yiye , Zhang Mengyuan , Zhu Xinxin , Liu Yalin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractFour mononuclear complexes were synthesized through simple self‐assembly reactions, [Dy(L1)2(NO3)H2O](1), [Tb(L1)2(NO3)MeOH](2), [Ho(L1)2(NO3)H2O] ⋅ 5.5H2O(3)(HL1=4‐bromo‐2‐((quinolin‐8‐ylimino)methyl)phenol), and [Dy(L2)2(NO3)H2O](4)(HL2=2,4‐dibromo‐6‐((quinolin‐8‐ylimino)methyl)phenol). They are characterized by their structures and magnetic properties. The magnetic data show that the Dy clusters all have obvious frequency‐dependent magnetic behavior and slow magnetic relaxation effects. The complex1under an external dc field with the anisotropic barrier of 14.41 K and pre‐exponential factorτ0=2.70×10−6 s, the complex4under an external dc field with the anisotropic barrier of 64.36 K and pre‐exponential factorτ0=2.38×10−7 s.
International Students in Open, Distance, and Digital Higher Education
Authors: Mittelmeier Jenna 
Published: August 2022

AbstractInternational students are a group of rising prominence in open, distance, and digital higher education, although there is, at present, limited systematic data about their numbers worldwide. International students in open, distance, and digital education occupy an interesting “third space,” whereby they commonly remain within their home environment and surroundings while simultaneously studying from an institution-based abroad. This means that many of the lenses used to frame and categorize international students in face-to-face settings – mobility, visas, and citizenship – are found problematic in online distance settings. This chapter reflects on these issues to outline complexities in categorizing international students in open, distance, and digital higher education and the ways that their experiences may be distinct from international students who are geographically mobile. The chapter ends with a reflection on gaps in current research and suggestions for researchers who include international students in their work.
Harnessing S-duality in $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = 4 SYM & supergravity as SL(2, ℤ)-averaged strings
Authors: Collier Scott , Perlmutter Eric 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe develop a new approach to extracting the physical consequences of S-duality of four-dimensional$$ \mathcal{N} $$N= 4 super Yang-Mills (SYM) and its string theory dual, based on SL(2, ℤ) spectral theory.We observe that CFT observables 𝒪, invariant under SL(2, ℤ) transformations of a complexified gauge couplingτ, admit a unique spectral decomposition into a basis of square-integrable functions. This formulation has direct implications for the analytic structure of$$ \mathcal{N} $$N= 4 SYM data, both perturbatively and non-perturbatively in all parameters. These are especially constraining for the structure of instantons:k-instanton sectors are uniquely determined by the zero- and one-instanton sectors, and Borel summable series aroundk-instantons have convergence radii with simplek-dependence. In largeNlimits, we derive the existence and scaling of non-perturbative effects, in bothNand the ‘t Hooft coupling, which we exhibit for certain$$ \mathcal{N} $$N= 4 SYM observables. An elegant benchmark for these techniques is the integrated stress tensor multiplet four-point function, conjecturally determined by [1] for allτfor SU(N) gauge group; we elucidate its form, and explain how the SU(2) case is the simplest possible observable consistent with SL(2, ℤ)-invariant perturbation theory.These results have ramifications for holography. We explain how$$ \left\langle \mathcal{O}\right\rangle $$O, the ensemble average of 𝒪 over the$$ \mathcal{N} $$N= 4 supersymmetric conformal manifold with respect to the Zamolodchikov measure, is cleanly isolated by the spectral decomposition. We prove that the largeNlimit of$$ \left\langle \mathcal{O}\right\rangle $$Oequals the largeN, large ‘t Hooft coupling limit of 𝒪. Holographically speaking,$$ \left\langle \mathcal{O}\right\rangle $$O= 𝒪sugra, its value in type IIB supergravity on AdS5× S5. This result, which extends to all orders in 1/N, embeds ensemble averaging into the traditional AdS/CFT paradigm. The statistics of the SL(2, ℤ) ensemble exhibit both perturbative and non-perturbative 1/Neffects. We discuss further implications and generalizations to other AdS compactifications of string/M-theory.
Holographic Schwinger effect and electric instability with anisotropy
Authors: Li Si-wen , Luo Sen-kai , Li Hao-qian 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
According to the gauge-gravity duality, we systematically study the Schwinger effect and electric instability with anisotropy in a top-down holographic approach. The anisotropic black brane and bubble (soliton) background in IIB supergravity are employed and the dual theories in these backgrounds are expected to be anisotropic theory at finite temperature and anisotropic theory with confinement respectively. Then performing the potential analysis, we find due to the anisotropy, the potential barrier behaves oppositely with parallel and perpendicular electric fields, and this behavior agrees with the previous study about the quark potential with anisotropy in this system. Afterwards, we evaluate the pair production rate by solving the equation of motion for a fundamental string numerically which reveals the consistent behavior with the potential analysis. Furthermore, the probe D7-brane as flavor is introduced into the bulk in order to investigate the electric instability. The vacuum decay rate can be obtained by evaluating the imaginary part of the D7-brane action which again agrees with our potential analysis. Solving the associated constraint of gauge field strength on the flavor brane, we finally obtain the V-A curve displaying the distinct behavior of the conductivity in parallel and perpendicular direction which is in agreement with some bottom-up and phenomenologically holographic approaches in anisotropic fluid. Accordingly, we believe this work may be remarkable to study the electric features in strongly coupled anisotropic system.
Radiative effects in the scalar sector of vector leptoquark models
Authors: Houtz Rachel , Pagès Julie , Trifinopoulos Sokratis 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Gauge models with massive vector leptoquarks at the TeV scale provide a successful framework for addressing the B-physics anomalies. Among them, the 4321 model has been considered as the low-energy limit of some complete theories of flavor. In this work, we study the renormalization group evolution of this model, laying particular emphasis on the scalar sector. We find that, despite the asymptotic freedom of the gauge couplings, Landau poles can arise at relatively low scales due to the fast running of quartic couplings. Moreover, we discuss the possibility of radiative electroweak symmetry breaking and characterize the fine-tuning associated with the hierarchy between the electroweak scale and the additional TeV-scale scalars. Finally, the idea of scalar fields unification is explored, motivated by ultraviolet embeddings of the 4321 model.
An accurate evaluation of electron (anti-)neutrino scattering on nucleons
Authors: Ricciardi Giulia , Vignaroli Natascia , Vissani Francesco 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We discuss as accurately as possible the cross section of quasi-elastic scattering of electron (anti-)neutrinos on nucleons, also known as inverse beta decay in the case of antineutrinos. We focus on the moderate energy range from a few MeV up to hundreds of MeV, which includes neutrinos from reactors and supernovae. We assess the uncertainty on the cross section, which is relevant to experimental advances and increasingly large statistical samples. We estimate the effects of second-class currents, showing that they are small and negligible for current applications.
IR/UV mixing, towers of species and swampland conjectures
Authors: Castellano Alberto , Herráez Alvaro , Ibáñez Luis E. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
By applying the Covariant Entropy Bound (CEB) to an EFT in a box of size 1/ΛIR one obtains that the UV and IR cut-offs of the EFT are necessarily correlated. We argue that in a theory of Quantum Gravity (QG) one should identify the UV cutoff with the ‘species scale’, and give a general algorithm to calculate it in the case of multiple towers becoming light. One then obtains an upper bound on the characteristic mass scale of the tower in terms of the IR cut-off, given by Mtower ≲ $$ {\left({\Lambda}_{\mathrm{IR}}\right)}^{2{\alpha}_D} $$

Λ
IR

2

α
D

in Planck units, with αD = (D − 2 + p)/2p(D − 1), where p depends on the density of states. Identifying the IR cut-off with a (non-vanishing) curvature in AdS one reproduces the statement of the AdS Distance Conjecture (ADC), also giving an explicit lower bound for the α exponent. In particular, we find that the CEB implies α ≥ 1/2 in any dimension if there is a single KK tower, both in AdS and dS vacua. However values α < 1/2 are allowed if the particle tower is multiple or has a string component. We also consider the CKN constraint coming from avoiding gravitational collapse which further requires in general α ≥ 1/D for the lightest tower. We analyse the case of the DGKT-CFI class of Type IIA orientifold models and show it has both particle and string towers below the species scale, so that a careful analysis of how the ADC is defined is needed. We find that this class of models obey but do not saturate the CEB. The UV/IR constraints found apply to both AdS and dS vacua. We comment on possible applications of these ideas to the dS Swampland conjecture as well as to the observed dS phase of the universe.
Holographic Schwinger-Keldysh field theory of SU(2) diffusion
Authors: Bu Yanyan , Sun Xiyang , Zhang Biye 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We construct effective field theory for SU(2) isospin charge diffusion, based on holographic Schwinger-Keldysh contour [1]. The holographic model consists of a probe SU(2) gauge field in a doubled Schwarzschild-AdS5 geometry. Accurate to first order in derivative expansion, we analytically compute the effective action up to quartic order in dynamical variables. The effective theory contains both non-Gaussianity for noises and nonlinear interactions between noises and dynamical variables. Moreover, the effective theory captures both thermal and quantum fluctuations, which perfectly satisfy dynamical Kubo-Martin-Schwinger (KMS) symmetry at quantum level. Interestingly, the dynamical KMS symmetry, which is crucial in formulating non-equilibrium effective field theory for a quantum many-body system, is found to have a nice holographic interpretation.
Adjoint node-based shape optimization of free-floating vessels
Authors: Kühl Niklas , Nguyen Thanh Tung , Palm Michael , Jürgens Dirk , Rung Thomas 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe paper is concerned with a node-based, gradient-driven, continuous adjoint two-phase flow procedure to optimize the shapes of free-floating vessels and discusses three topics. First, we aim to convey that elements of a Cahn–Hilliard formulation should augment the frequently employed Volume-of-Fluid two-phase flow model to maintain dual consistency. It is seen that such consistency serves as the basis for a robust primal/adjoint coupling in practical applications at huge Reynolds and Froude numbers. The second topic covers different adjoint coupling strategies. A central aspect of the application is the floating position, particularly the trim and the sinkage, that interact with a variation of hydrodynamic loads induced by the shape updates. Other topics addressed refer to the required level of density coupling and a more straightforward—yet non-frozen—adjoint treatment of turbulence. The third part discusses the computation of a descent direction within a node-based environment. We will illustrate means to deform both the volume mesh and the hull shape simultaneously and at the same time obey technical constraints on the vessel’s displacement and its extensions. The Hilbert-space approach provides smooth shape updates using the established coding infrastructure of a computational fluid dynamics algorithm and provides access to managing additional technical constraints. Verification and validation follow from a submerged 2D cylinder case. The application includes a full-scale offshore supply vessel at $$\mathrm{Re} = 3 \times 10^8$$

Re
=
3
×

10
8

and $$\mathrm{Fn} = 0.37$$

Fn
=
0.37

. Results illustrate that the fully parallel procedure can automatically reduce the drag of an already pre-optimized shape by 9–13% within $$\approx\,{\mathcal{O}}$$

≈

O

(10,000-30,000) CPUh depending on the considered couplings and floatation aspects.
Topology optimization of scale-dependent non-local plates
Authors: Tuna Meral , Trovalusci Patrizia 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe main objective of this work is to extend finite element-based topology optimization problem to the two-dimensional, size-dependent structures described using weakly non-local Cosserat (micropolar) and strongly non-local Eringen’s theories, the latter of which finds an application for the first time, to the best of Authors’ knowledge. The optimum material layouts that minimize the structural compliance are attained by means of Solid Isotropic Material with Penalization approach, while the desired smooth, mesh-independent, binary solutions are obtained using density filter accompanied by volume preserving Heaviside projection method. The algorithms are enhanced by including an element removal and reintroduction strategy to reduce the computational cost, and to prevent spurious excessive distortion of elements with very low density. Example problems of practical importance are investigated under the assumption of linear elasticity to validate the code and to clearly demonstrate the influence of internal length scales and different non-locality mechanisms on final configurations. Obtained macro-scale optimum topologies admit the characteristics of corresponding continuum theories, and appear to be in agreement with the mechanical response governed by particle interactions in micro/nanoscale.
Analysis of double-emulsion droplets with ESI mass spectrometry for monitoring lipase-catalyzed ester hydrolysis at nanoliter scale
Authors: Heiligenthal Laura , van der Loh Marie , Polack Matthias , Blaha Maximilian E. , Moschütz Susanne , Keim Antje , Sträter Norbert , Belder Detlev 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMicrofluidic double-emulsion droplets allow the realization and study of biphasic chemical processes such as chemical reactions or extractions on the nanoliter scale. Double emulsions of the rare type (o1/w/o2) are used here to realize a lipase-catalyzed reaction in the non-polar phase. The surrounding aqueous phase induces the transfer of the hydrophilic product from the core oil phase, allowing on-the-fly MS analysis in single double droplets. A microfluidic two-step emulsification process is developed to generate the (o1/w/o2) double-emulsion droplets. In this first example of microfluidic double-emulsion MS coupling, we show in proof-of-concept experiments that the chemical composition of the water layer can be read online using ESI–MS. Double-emulsion droplets were further employed as two-phase micro-reactors for the hydrolysis of the lipophilic ester p-nitrophenyl palmitate catalyzed by the Candida antarctica lipase B (CalB). Finally, the formation of the hydrophilic reaction product p-nitrophenol within the double-emulsion droplet micro-reactors is verified by subjecting the double-emulsion droplets to online ESI–MS analysis.
Graphical abstract
Sutimlimab improves quality of life in patients with cold agglutinin disease: results of patient-reported outcomes from the CARDINAL study
Authors: Röth Alexander , Barcellini Wilma , Tvedt Tor Henrik Anderson , Miyakawa Yoshitaka , Kuter David J. , Su Jun , Jiang Xiaoyu , Hobbs William , Arias Jaime Morales , Shafer Frank , Weitz Ilene C. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPatients with cold agglutinin disease (CAD) experience fatigue and poor quality of life. However, previous CAD-related studies have not explored patient-reported outcomes such as the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy (FACIT)-Fatigue. Sutimlimab, a C1s complement inhibitor, has been shown to halt haemolysis in CAD. Here, we present 26-weeks’ patient-reported data from CARDINAL Part A (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03347396), which assessed efficacy and safety of sutimlimab in patients with CAD and recent history of transfusion. Aside from measuring changes in haemolytic markers, FACIT-Fatigue was measured at the treatment assessment timepoint (TAT; average of weeks 23, 25, and 26). Exploratory endpoints included the change in EuroQol 5-dimension 5-level questionnaire (EQ-5D-5L) and the 12-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-12) at TAT, and Patient Global Impression of Change (PGIC), and Patient Global Impression of (fatigue) Severity (PGIS) at week 26. Mean (range) FACIT-Fatigue scores increased from 32.5 (14.0–47.0) at baseline (a score indicative of severe fatigue) to 44.3 (28.0–51.0) at TAT. Considerable improvements were reported for EQ-5D-5L at TAT, SF-12 scores at TAT, and PGIC and PGIS scores at week 26. Sutimlimab treatment resulted in sustained improvements in symptoms of fatigue and overall quality of life in patients with CAD. NCT03347396. Registered 20 November, 2017.