bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ERα-NRF2 signaling axis promotes bicalutamide resistance in PCa
Authors: Du Xiaoling , Shi Jiandang , Zhang Ju , Yang Kuo , Tian Lei , Liang Zhixian 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Bicalutamide is a potent and specific non-steroidal anti-androgen widely used as a first-line clinical treatment for prostate cancer (PCa). Although patients initially show an effective response to bicalutamide treatment, resistance to bicalutamide frequently occurs and leads to the development of castration-resistant PCa (CRPC). Estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) is significantly increased in bicalutamide-resistant PCa cell lines. Here, we investigated the roles of the estrogen-ERα signaling pathway in bicalutamide-resistant PCa cells.
Methods
Bioinformatics analyzed the expression and the correlation of ERα and nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (NRF2) in human clinical datasets and tissue samples. RT-PCR, Western blotting, and immunofluorescence staining were used to evaluate the expression of ERα, NRF2 and resistance-related genes in cells treated with bicalutamide. The estrogen response element presents on the NRF2 promoter and facilitation of ERα binding to the NRF2 promoter were validated by the chromatin immunoprecipitation assay. The sensitivity of PCa cells to bicalutamide was evaluated by the MTT assay.
Results
ERα and NRF2 expression was significantly increased and positively correlated in CRPC cells. E2 promoted the expression of ERα and NRF2. ERα antagonist tamoxifen inhibited the upregulation of NRF2 induced by bicalutamide treatment. ERα-induced estrogen effects promote the activation of NRF2 signaling pathway via binding to NRF2 promoter. Moreover, ERα-NRF2 signaling axis resensitized PCa cells to bicalutamide and enhanced cell invasion and migration.
Conclusion
ERα-mediated estrogen effects promote bicalutamide resistance in CRPC cells by directly regulating NRF2 expression. This study suggests the molecular mechanism of PCa resistance to bicalutamide.
A parallel particle swarm optimization and enhanced sparrow search algorithm for unmanned aerial vehicle path planning
Authors: Wang Ziwei 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The path planning problem is that Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) needs to plan a feasible path from the starting point to the end point in a specific environment. But it cannot get satisfactory results using ordinary algorithms, to solve this problem, a hybrid algorithm named as PESSA is proposed, where particle swarm optimization (PSO) and an enhanced sparrow search algorithm (ESSA) work in parallel. In the ESSA, the random jump of the producer’s position is strengthened to guarantee the global search ability, each scrounger keeps learning from the optimal experience of the producers, and for the sparrow with the optimal position, when it perceives the danger, the difference between the best individual and the worst individual will be imposed to speed up the search process. And then, the elite reverse search strategy was added to increase the diversity of the population. In this paper, the performance of PESSA is verified by 10 basic functions, the experimental results illustrate that PESSA is better compared with other twelve algorithms. Finally, the proposed PESSA is applied in 4 different scenarios including two groups of 2D environments and two groups of 3D environments. The results show that the PESSA algorithm can acquire more feasible and effective route than compared algorithms.
Effect of Functional groups of Reactive dyes on the Dyeing Properties of Cotton Knit fabric
Authors: Islam Khayrul , Hossain Israil , Islam Azharul , Shaha Rothy 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Maximum natural textile substrates are dyed with reactive-based dyes. The exercise of this dye is progressed in an elevated celerity for its moderate to good light fastness, simple and variant dyeing methods, and an apparition of many bright colors. A trichromatic mixture of dyes of the same reactive group is always preferred. In this research work, single jersey cotton knitted fabric was dyed with the same amount [2%] of reactive dyes (red, yellow & blue) of different functional groups (Mono-functional; Triazine and Vinyl sulphone, Bi-functional; Pyrimidine and Vinyl Sulphone and poly-functional). Colorfastness (wash, rub, perspiration and light) of dyed fabrics were evaluated. Bursting strength was also measured for different functional groups. It was found that Reactive dyes of MCT and Bi-Functional groups showed better rubbing, light fastness, and bursting strength properties than other functional groups.
Facile one-step electrodeposition preparation of poly(L-Ornithine) film modified glassy carbon electrodes for sensitive detection of Thiamethoxam
Authors: Zhang Chi , Zhang Yulong , Li Gaiping , Zou Lina 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In this work, a green, low-cost and environmental-friendly voltammetric sensor, poly(L-Ornithine) film modified glassy carbon electrode was fabricated for the first time and used for determination of pesticide thiamethoxam. The modified electrode was characterized by cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The redox character of thiamethoxam at proposed sensor was studied systematically. Utilizing the linear sweep voltammetry, a wider linear range (5.0×10-8 mol L-1 - 9.0×10-6 mol L-1) and lower detection limit (1.7×10-8 mol L-1) (S/N=3) for the detection of thiamethoxam were achieved. In addition, the proposed method was successfully applied to the determination of thiamethoxam in the real sample with satisfactory results.
Cervical Cancer Recurrence, Prognosis, And Related Risk Factors For Patients With Cervical Cancer: A Long-Term Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Li Jina , Liu Gaoming , Luo Jiayou , Yan Shipeng , Ye Ping , Wang Jie , Luo Miyang 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This study aims to explore the recurrence rate and prognosis for patients with cervical cancer after the first treatment and the related risk factors. We performed a prospective cohort of cervical cancer patients enrolled in a cancer specialist hospital in Hunan Province, China from January 1992 to December 2005 and followed up until December 2010. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to estimate cumulative recurrence rate, and Cox proportional hazard model was utilized to identify risk factors associated with recurrence. A total of 4358 patients were enrolled with a median follow-up of 7.4 years (range 5–19 years), and 372 (8.5%) patients had cancer recurrence. The cumulative recurrence rate showed a rapid increase from 3.8% in the first year to 8.0% in the fifth year, and the recurrence rate remained relatively stable afterward reaching 9.7% and 10.8% at the 10th and the 15th year respectively. The median time to recurrence was 15.5 months with an IQR of 5.5 to 40.0 months. The Cox regression showed that age, age of menarche, miscarriage, clinical stage, and treatment plan were significantly associated with cervical cancer recurrence after adjustment for confounders. Patients with recurrence showed a significantly lower survival probability than those without recurrence. This study depicted the long-term recurrence rate and survival after recurrence for patients with cervical cancer after the first treatment, and reported time to recurrence and risk factors related to recurrence. These findings may provide important evidence for designing targeted interventions for the treatment of cervical cancer.
Manipulation of Single Cells via a Stereo Acoustic Streaming Tunnel (SteAST)
Authors: Duan Xuexin , Yang Yang 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
At the single-cell level, cellular parameters, gene expression and function are assayed on an individual but not population-average basis. Essential to observing and analyzing the heterogeneity and behavior of these cells/clusters is the ability to prepare and manipulate individual. Here, we demonstrate a versatile microsystem, a stereo acoustic streaming tunnel, which is triggered by ultrahigh-frequency bulk acoustic waves and highly confined by a microchannel. We thoroughly analyze the generation and feature of stereo acoustic streaming to develop a virtual tunnel for observation, pretreatment and analysis of cells for different single-cell applications. 3D reconstruction, dissociation of clusters, selective trapping/release, in-situ analysis and pairing of single cells with barcode gel beads were demonstrated. In order to further verify the reliability and robustness of this technology in complex bio-samples, separation of circulating tumor cells based on both physics and immunity from undiluted blood was achieved. With the rich selection of handling modes, the platform has the potential to be a full-process microsystem from pretreatment to analysis and used in numerous fields, such as in vitro diagnosis, high-throughput single-cell sequencing and drug development.
Genome-wide identification and characterization of AP2 gene family in Artemisia annua L.: Different tissues expression profiles
Authors: Liang Yu , Meng Ying , Liao Baosheng , He Wenrui , Shen Xiaofeng , Qiu Xiaohui , Huang Zhihai , Duan Baozhong , Xu Jiang 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Artemisia annua produces a mass of artemisinin, an effective drug widely used in malaria treatment. The AP2 transcription factors family which is one of the largest families in higher plants plays significant roles in growth and development regulating plant secondary metabolites and tolerances to environmental stresses. However, the available data on the contributions of the AP2 gene family in the whole genome of Artemisia annua is limited. In this study, 195 AP2 genes were identified and compared with AP2 genes from Arabidopsis thaliana. These AP2 genes in A. annua were classified into five subfamilies: DREB (85), ERF (84), AP2 (21), RAV (3), as well as two Soloists. Chromosome locations and synteny alignment of AP2 genes indicated that whole-genome duplication (WGD) gene retention and tandem repeat events contributed to the expansion of the AP2 family in A. annua. The expression profiles of root, stem, leaf, and flower of A. annua two strains revealed that ADS genes were co-expressed with AP2 genes. In addition, AaAP2_096 and AaAP2_177 were suggested to have potential in regulating artemisinin content in Artemisia annua. AaAP2_096 and AaAP2_177 might be helpful to breeding A. annua. In conclusion, our results provide a foundation for the further mechanism and function study of the AP2 gene family in A. annua, and promote their potential application in the biosynthesis of artemisinin.
Responses of Regulator of G Protein Signaling Proteins and Circadian Clock Proteins to Induction of Dedifferentiation in Pancreatic β-cells
Authors: Okano Satoshi , Yasui Akira , Kanno Shin-ichiro , Satoh Kennichi , Igarashi Masahiko , Nakajima Osamu 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Regulator of G protein signaling proteins (RGSs) are involved in regulating β-cell functions. This study was conducted to examine the cellular responses to the occurrence of β-cell dedifferentiation in terms of the changes of expression levels of Rgs and clock genes: We used MIN6 cells, for which the cellular contents of zinc were reduced by prolonged treatment of the cells by potassium chloride, in this way inducing the cells to a progenitor-like state. The results indicate that endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-stress markers were up-regulated in the treated cells. All examined RGS were up-regulated in treated cells compared with control cells. RGS2 partly co-localized eIF2 α in the treated cells, although no discernable co-localization was observed for RGS4 and 16, suggesting that RGS2 specifically participates in the translational control of protein in response to cellular stresses. Altered mRNA levels of a uniquely specific set of clock genes were observed, suggesting malfunction of the molecular clock in β-cells. Taken together, G protein signaling and translation process are probably fine-tuned by RGSs. Thereby β-cells can cope with stress attributable to the decrease of zinc. The attenuation of circadian rhythm, in addition to some G protein signaling, can be prerequisites for induction of β-cell dedifferentiation.
Porcine parvovirus induces apopyosis by activating TLR2-mediated NF-κB signaling pathway in PK-15 cells
Authors: Xia Lu , Xu Menglong , Jin Xiaohui , Zhang Chi , Liao Hang , Wang Pingli , Zhou Yong , Song Yue , Wang Linqing 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Porcine parvovirus (PPV) mainly induces severe reproductive failure in pregnant swine, and causes huge economic losses to the swine industry. Cell apoptosis induced by PPV infection has been identified the major cause of reproductive failure. However, the molecular mechanism was not fully elucidated. In this study, the potential mechanism of PPV induced apoptosis in PK-15 cells was investigated. Our results showed that PPV induced apoptosis in PK-15 cells. Further studies revealed that PPV induces apoptosis by activating the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling. The activation of NF-κB signaling was demonstrated by the phosphorylation of p65, p65 nuclear translocation and degradation of inhibitor of kappa B α (IκBα). Finally, our studies provided evidence that toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) was involved in the PPV-mediated apoptosis and activation of NF-κB signaling. The expression of TLR2 were increased after PPV infection. TLR2 siRNA significantly decreased the apoptosis and activation of NF-κB after PPV infection. Together, these results provided evidence that the recognition between PPV and PK-15 cells was mainly through TLR2, and then induction of the NF-κB signaling pathway activation, which further induces apoptosis. Our study could provide information to understand the molecular mechanisms of PPV infection.
Spatial analysis of healthy environment components in Hashtpar city, Iran
Authors: Fasihi Habibollah , dastjerdi Hassan Kamran , Harehdasht Farshid Sohbati 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The environment in which we live greatly affects our health. This paper aimed to analyze the environmental factors influencing health in Hashtpar, a medium sized city with a population of about 53000 people, located in coastal plain of northern Iran. 14 indicators were included in the dataset and it is used one or a combination of 2 or more methods to generate a mean value for any of the indicators in any of the supposed 34 data collection points. The data entered into Arc Map 10.8 (GIS), then, zoning maps were produced using the Kriging interpolation tool in GIS. Findings show that generally, healthy environment indicators are higher than average level and the indicators are in better condition in central parts of the city than those in outskirts.
A novel three-dimensional quantitative assessment method for abnormal root morphology of the maxillary premolars in vivo on cone-beam computed tomography
Authors: Liu Jian , Xu Xiao , Wang Xian-E , Jia Peng-Cheng , Pan Meng-Qiao , Xu Li 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Previous studies have described and recorded abnormal root morphology. However, most of these studies were based on two-dimensional periapical or panoramic radiographs, and only a few studies have quantified it. We aimed to combine two-dimensional periapical radiographs and three-dimensional cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) to conduct qualitative judgment and quantitative analysis of normal and conical roots, and explore the clinical diagnostic method of normal and conical roots based on intraoral radiographs and CBCT.
Methods
The conical root was identified visually on periapical radiographs as the clinical gold standard. All teeth were divided into the cone-rooted teeth (CRT) or normal-rooted teeth (NRT) group. Furthermore, the differences in root length (RL), root surface area (RSA), and root volume (RV) of conical and normal roots in the maxillary premolars on CBCT were compared. Receiver operator characteristic curves were generated, and the areas the under curve (AUCs) and cutoff values were calculated to evaluate the diagnostic value for RV, RSA, RV/RL, and RSA/RL.
Results
The RSAs of NRT and CRT were 236.88 ± 27.93 mm2 and 207.98 ± 27.80 mm2, respectively (P < 0.05). The mean RV in the CRT group was lower than that in the NRT group, and the difference was statistically significant (253.40 ± 41.98 mm3 vs. 316.93 ± 49.89 mm3). The AUC values of the RSA/RL and RV/RL were 0.87 and 0.89, respectively, and the best cutoff values were 19.61 for RSA/RL (if RSA/RL was < 19.61, the teeth were considered CRT) and 24.05 for RV/RL (if RV/RL was < 24.05, the teeth were considered CRT).
Conclusions
CBCT had a significant diagnostic value in the clinical evaluation of conical roots. RSA/RL and RV/RL were the best parameters with the largest AUC and high sensitivity and specificity.
Home Care for COVID-19 positive cases: Suitability of the Residential Setting and ability of cases to adhere to the required preventive measures
Authors: Youssef Dalal , Berry Atika , Naja Abir Abou , Farhat Suzan , Abbas Linda Abou , Youssef Janet , Hassan Hamad 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Introduction:With the upsurge of COVID-19 cases, Lebanese hospitals are overburdened and hospital care was prioritized for COVID-19 patients with the highest probability of poor outcomes. This paper aimed to assess the suitability of residential settings for home isolation and to explore the patient’s ability to adhere to the required precautions measures.Methods:All COVID-19 cases reported between February, 21 and the end of June 2020 and who had mild or moderate symptoms, were contacted via phone calls by a healthcare professional to fill out a standardized questionnaire developed to assess the suitability of the residential setting for home care. Inpatient cases were required, before their discharge from the hospitals, to sign consent related to their adherence to the mandatory precautionary measures. They were also asked to complete, on daily basis, the symptoms monitoring log form. A referral system to health facilities was established to manage cases with worsening health status. A collaborative framework to address violations of home isolation rules was also put in place. Results:Of the 600 cases assessed, 44.7% of them were isolated in a living building apartment (67.2%) with one entrance (85.5%) including four to eight rooms (71%). Around one-quarter of patients have children (<5 years) and 75% of them were living with elderly people. Most of the patients confirmed the availability of a well-ventilated single room (96.2%) and a separate bathroom (80.17%). As for infrastructure, more than 90% of patients confirmed the availability of drinking and tank water, heating facilities, electricity, and safe trash elimination. Similarly, more than 90% of them had access to personal hygiene items, disinfectants, and personal protective equipment. The bulk of homes care were rated as easily reachable. As for awareness and ability to self-serving, 94.5% of patients were knowledgeable about the required preventive measures, able to serve themselves and to adhere to the isolation requirements as well. Only 51.8% of them had access to psychological support. Conclusion:Proper assessment of the residential setting for home care of COVID-19 cases combined with close monitoring of the adherence of patients to the required precaution measures are highly needed for limiting the spread of infection within the household and the community.
Human Attention and Electroencephalograms
Authors: Attar Eyad 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
MATLAB is an advanced numerical calculation tool that is widely used by engineers and scientists. MATLAB is popular in such fields as image processing, signal processing, communications, and automation systems. MATLAB efficiently reflects changes in research results. The use of the electroencephalogram (EEG) is an important method for exploring human brain activity. It provides useful evaluation data about the changeability of the EEG frequency band. By simplifying the programming environment and improving the EEG results, EEG-MATLAB coding was developed in this study. Ten recordings of subjects were performed using EEGs. The EEG features were compared under two conditions: relax and un-relax. For statistical analysis, a correlation coefficient was used to correlate the two sessions with EEG-extracted features. The objective of this study was to help researchers in EEG analysis to run the code and compare the EEG bands: delta (up to 4-Hz), theta (4–8-Hz), alpha (8–15-Hz), beta (15–32-Hz), and gamma (≥ 32-Hz) waves. The results of this study can also be used for any analysis that employs EEGs in mental status research.
QiShenYiQi Dripping Pill Alleviates Myocardial Ischemia-Induced Ferroptosis Via Improving Mitochondrial Dynamical Homeostasis and Biogenesis
Authors: Wu Lingling , Fan Zhaoyang , Liu Jincheng , Cui Zekun , Huang Zixuan , Zhao Qingfei , Zhang Yuanyuan , Yu Boyang , Kou Junping , Li Fang 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
PurposeQiShenYiQi dripping pill (QSYQ) is a traditional Chinese medicine for alleviating cardiovascular diseases. Whereas, the potential mechanism remains to be further elucidated. Thus, this paper is designed to explore the protective mechanism of QSYQ in myocardial ischemia (MI)-induced injury.MethodsMyocardial ischemia was induced in mice by left anterior descending coronary artery ligation (CAL). Then, mice were treated by QSYQ dripping pills (12, 35 and 105 mg/kg) for 14 days. The effect and mechanism of QSYQ against MI injury were investigated in vivo.ResultsTreatment with QSYQ significantly improved the contractile function, and extenuated myocardial fibrosis and inflammatory cell infiltration after MI injury. QSYQ administration also reduced the level of LDH and NT-pro BNP in serum. Additionally, myocardial iron content and serum MDA, 4-HNE were decreased and GSH was increased after QSYQ administration. The mRNA expression of GPX4 and SLC7A11 were increased, and PTGS2 mRNA expression level was reduced by QSYQ treatment. Moreover, QSYQ ameliorated myocardial mitochondrial ultrastructure damage and decreased mitochondrial ROS production. Furthermore, QSYQ heightened the expressions of PGC-1α, TFAM and Nrf1, which indicated that QSYQ could promote mitochondrial biogenesis. In addition, QSYQ treatment also increased MFN2 and OPA1 expressions, while the expression of p-DRP1 was decreased.ConclusionsAll these suggested that QSYQ could promote mitochondrial dynamic homeostasis to improve myocardial injury. QSYQ could alleviate MI-induced ferroptosis via improving mitochondrial dynamical homeostasis and biogenesis, which provided references for its clinical application.
Transport of Viable Bacteria by Dust Plumes in the Eastern Mediterranean
Authors: Rudich Yinon , Erkorkmaz Burak Adnan , Gat Daniella 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Atmospheric transport of viable microorganisms can affect the biodiversity and health of global ecosystems. However, the processes influencing the abundance, composition and viability of airborne bacterial communities remain understudied. Using qPCR and high-throughput amplicon sequencing of DNA and RNA extracted from aerosol samples representing varying dust sources in the Eastern Mediterranean in a size-resolved manner, we report comprehensive and quantitative evidence of the atmospheric transport of viable airborne bacterial communities. We found that the air masses associated with dust sources increased the diversity (by ~ 0.3–0.4 times), richness (by ~ 2.5–3.9 times) and concentration (by ~ 6–30 times) of viable airborne bacteria. Our results suggest that the composition and abundance of viable airborne bacterial communities depend on the aerosol source. We found that some of the viable taxa (2 604 of 6 143 unique ASVs) had significantly higher RNA abundance than DNA abundance. The viable taxa, most of them associated with coarse particles (961 of 1 433 ASVs), were more likely to readily survive once they settled in a new environment. We suggest that viable bacteria are transported as cell aggregates and/or attached to particles; thus, they may be protected and survive for 3–4 days under harsh atmospheric conditions. Taken together, our results indicate that the atmosphere is a significant dispersal pathway for viable bacteria.