bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New endoscopic capsule vs upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in preoperative work-up of obese candidate for bariatric surgery: Relevance of a pilot study in the COVID-19 era
Authors: Galloro Giuseppe , Musella Mario , Siciliano Saverio , Berardi Giovanna , Vitiello Antonio , Velotti Nunzio , Rizzello Fernando , Gionchetti Paolo , Calabrese Carlo 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background and study aims Obesity represents a major health concern; bariatric surgery is the most effective treatment reducing and maintaining weight loss. The role of a routine esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) prior bariatric surgery is still debated. Moreover, in this scenario of COVID-19 pandemic, EGD is even more questionable due to the procedural risk of viral transmission. A new model of video-endoscopic capsule (VEC) recently has been introduced as a good alternative to the EGD. The aim of this study was to determine if this new capsule is an adequate diagnostic alternative to EGD in the work-up of patients selected for bariatric surgery, particularly in the setting of COVID-19.
Patients and methods From January to November 2020, 27 patients selected for bariatric surgery were enrolled in this pilot study to assess for noninferiority of VEC compared to EGD in detection of upper gastrointestinal disease.
Results VEC had sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values in identification of significant lesions of 91.3 %, 83.33 %, 98.01 %, and 51.57 %, respectively, compared with EGD as the standard criterion. The accuracy was 90.51 % (95 % CI, 73.75 %-98.18 %) and the chi-square statistic is 0.1153 (P = 0.73).
Conclusions Our report confirms the diagnostic noninferiority of VEC in preoperative work-up of patients selected for bariatric surgery, compared to EGD. This is very important, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic, given the high risk of contamination with EGD. Larger multicenter studies are required to confirm our preliminary results.
Stereoselective Domino Reactions in the Synthesis of Spiro Compounds
Authors: Benaglia Maurizio , Greco Sandro J. , Westphal Regina , Venturini Filho Eclair , Medici Fabrizio 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis review summarizes the latest developments in asymmetric domino reactions, with the emphasis on the preparation of spiro compounds. Discussions on the stereoselectivity of the transformations, the reaction mechanisms, the rationalization of the stereochemical outcome, and the applications of domino reactions to the synthesis of biologically active molecules and natural products are included when appropriate.1	Introduction2	Asymmetric Domino Reactions2.1	Domino Reactions Initiated by Michael Reactions2.2	Domino Reactions Initiated by Mannich Reactions2.3	Domino Reactions Initiated by Knoevenagel Reactions2.4	Domino Reactions Initiated by Cycloaddition Reactions2.5	Domino Reactions Initiated by Metal Insertion2.6	Other Mechanisms3	Conclusion
Synthetic Studies on Chromone Natural Products: The Preusso­chromones
Authors: Koert Ulrich , Beller Marc Paul 
Published: February 2022

AbstractTotal syntheses of preussochromones A, D, E, and F and structural revisions of preussochromones E and F are reviewed, demonstrating the use of α-keto esters and α,β-diketo esters as valuable reactants in stereoselective cyclization reactions in total synthesis.1	Introduction2	The Route to Preussochromone D3	Synthesis and Structural Revision of Preussochromones E and F4	Total Synthesis of Preussochromone A5	Conclusion
Nonsurgical Rhinoplasty: Long-Term Follow-Up of High G′ HA Nasal Injections
Authors: Bertossi Dario , Magagnotto Nicola , Chirumbolo Salvatore , D'Souza Alwyn , Nocini Riccardo 
Published: February 2022

AbstractRhinoplasty is one of the most requested aesthetic procedures performed by plastic surgeons world-wide and nonsurgical rhinoplasty is becoming the gold standard in aesthetic nasal treatment. Follow-up clinical examinations were performed on all 107 patients, being a safe and predictable technique with a high degree of satisfaction for the patients. Nonsurgical rhinoplasty using hyaluronic acid is an effective, fast, and safe nasal reshaping procedure with a high degree of patient satisfaction. Generally, due to the gradual reabsorption of the filler, the results last up to 8 to 12 months after treatment, making it a valid minimally invasive alternative to surgical rhinoplasty. Consequently, to maintain the effects it is necessary to repeat the treatment once a year.
The Effect of Renting in Cropland on Livelihood Choices and Agricultural Commercialization: A Case Study from Rural Vietnam
Authors: Schulte Oliver , Nguyen Trung Thanh , Grote Ulrike 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis paper investigates the role of land rental markets in livelihood choices using data from 792 farming households in rural Vietnam. First, we cluster households according to livelihood strategies and estimate the determinants of the respective decision. In a second step, we analyze the contribution of rented land in linking smallholders to output markets. Our results suggest that rented land can provide smallholders with an opportunity to increase their agricultural activities and avoid resorting to less remunerative activities such as agricultural wage labor. Moreover, rented crop area increases the probability of market participation as well as the quantity of sales. Our results point to the need for a further liberalization of land rental markets specifically targeted at households that have been excluded from more remunerative livelihood strategies previously. Supporting these households to have access to the assets required to cultivate the additional area is thus recommended.
Impacts of hydrological conditions on the activities of soil enzymes in temperate floodplain forest sites
Authors: Frymark-Szymkowiak Anna , Karliński Leszek 
Published: February 2022

Context The development and survival of floodplain forests are dependent on the occurrence of seasonal flooding that provides soil moisture and nutrient availability suitable for the development of soil microorganisms, which are the main sources of soil enzymes involved in the decomposition and mineralisation of soil organic matter. Aims We compared the soil enzyme activities of a floodplain forest in the Lower Vistula Valley, Poland, cut off for 80 years from the river by artificial embankment, and of two other floodplain forests located in close vicinity and subjected to seasonal flooding. We hypothesised that inhibiting the inflow of the river water to the floodplain forest will alter the soil water and mineral conditions, decreasing the activity of extracellular soil enzymes. Methods Enzyme activity, soil moisture content, and pH were monitored for 3 years in the upper soil level (0–30 cm). The activities of soil β-glucosidase, acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, and nonspecific dehydrogenase were determined by spectrophotometry. Key results Inhibition of floods decreased soil moisture, the concentrations of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus, as well as the activity of soil enzymes. Conclusions Forest site and soil depth, but not season, had significant effects on soil chemical and biological features. Soil enzyme activities were significantly positively correlated with soil moisture and the levels of total and organic carbon, total nitrogen, and available phosphorus, as well as the carbon/nitrogen ratio. Implications This information is essential for the protection and restoration of riverine habitats destroyed by human activity.
Butterfly eyespots evolved via cooption of an ancestral gene-regulatory network that also patterns antennae, legs, and wings
Authors: Murugesan Suriya Narayanan , Connahs Heidi , Matsuoka Yuji , Das Gupta Mainak , Tiong Galen J. L. , Huq Manizah , Gowri V. , Monroe Sarah , Deem Kevin D. , Werner Thomas , Tomoyasu Yoshinori , Monteiro Antónia 
Published: February 2022

SignificanceWhere do butterfly eyespots come from? One of the long-standing questions in the field of evolution concerns addressing where novel complex traits come from. Here we show that butterfly eyespots, a novel complex trait, likely originated from the redeployment of a preexisting gene-regulatory network regulating antennae, legs, and wings, to novel locations on the wing.
Modeling the instantaneous normal mode spectra of liquids as that of unstable elastic media
Authors: Schirmacher Walter , Bryk Taras , Ruocco Giancarlo 
Published: February 2022

Significance
We present a theory, based on an unstable elasticity model with thermally fluctuating elastic constants, which explains the salient features of the instantaneous normal mode (INM) spectrum of a numerically simulated liquid over a large range of temperatures. The INM spectrum of a liquid is obtained in a molecular dynamics (MD) simulation by considering the harmonic eigenvalue spectrum of the potential energy, taken at a given instant (snapshot). Because the INM spectrum records the curvatures of the fluctuating potential landscape of the liquid, an understanding of this spectrum may pave the way toward understanding the liquid to glass transformation process.
Epistatic genetic interactions govern morphogenesis during sexual reproduction and infection in a global human fungal pathogen
Authors: Sun Sheng , Roth Cullen , Floyd Averette Anna , Magwene Paul M. , Heitman Joseph 
Published: February 2022

Significance

Cellular development is regulated by a complex web of signaling pathways that respond to both intracellular and extracellular cues. Morphological transitions in pathogenic fungi, such as those observed during sexual reproduction or in response to the host environment, offer tractable models for understanding the principles that govern eukaryotic cell development and morphogenesis. Using the human fungal pathogen
Cryptococcus deneoformans
as a model and applying quantitative trait locus analysis, we defined genes and gene–gene interactions involved in the yeast–hyphal transition and titanization, two morphological developments that are important for adaptation, pathogenesis, and evolution of this fungal pathogen. Our study highlights the conservation and complexity of key signaling pathways in regulating cell development in fungi, as well as other eukaryotes.
Intense Turkish-Dutch bilingualism leads to intense Turkish-Dutch mixing
Authors: Backus Ad , Demirçay Derya 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Codeswitching in the Turkish migration settings in Western Europe has been studied almost since the beginning of
the labor migration that formed these communities. The patterns of codeswitching have gradually become more complex, which is
demonstrated with reference to data from the Netherlands. Initially it was limited to the insertion of Dutch words into Turkish
utterances, largely needed to fill lexical gaps. Gradually, as a new generation grew up with Dutch education, living most of their
lives in a Dutch social environment, codeswitching patterns grew in complexity, with an increase in alternation between Dutch and
Turkish utterances. Often, these and other patterns are attested in the speech of the same people at the same time, within a
single conversation: they represent a bilingual speech style.
The most recent investigations into Turkish-Dutch codeswitching show how this increasing intensity of bilingualism
in the community has led to increasing integration of the languages in everyday in-group bilingual speech. Of all switches, a
relatively small percentage is taken up by the insertion of content words into either language; yet, codeswitching is not always
straightforward alternation between Turkish and Dutch utterances. Instead, utterances often contain chunks from both languages.
This phenomenon will be illustrated in this article and explained through a usage-based perspective that privileges a
processing-based over a structuralist account, but crucially ties this account to an understanding of the social motivations that
make this kind of bilingual speech possible, or even desired.
Gender in Dutch/Portuguesecodeswitching
Authors: Greidanus Romaneli Miriam , Boers Ivo H. G. , Parafita Couto M. Carmen 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This study focuses on unveiling the strategies involved in gender assignment in codeswitching between two
gendered languages: Dutch (common/neuter gender) and Portuguese (masculine/feminine gender). We draw on naturalistic speech
(n = 32 speakers), elicited production (n = 35) as well as intuitional data
(n = 57) from Dutch/Portuguese bilinguals stemming from three communities in Paraná, Southern Brazil, aiming
to disentangle the relative roles of linguistic and extralinguistic factors on gender assignment. In unilingual Dutch, we find
that Dutch/Portuguese bilinguals overgeneralize common determiners and adjectives to neuter nouns, similarly to other Dutch
bilinguals outside the Netherlands (Clyne 1977; Clyne and Pauwels 2013; Folmer 1991; Giesbers 1997). In codeswitched
constructions, however, speakers assign common and masculine gender as defaults, in line with the prediction that speakers of
language pairs with no gender values in common prefer gender defaulting in mixed constructions (Klassen 2016). While extralinguistic factors such as age and relative use of the languages shaped
unilingual Dutch production, the patterns during codeswitching were conventionalized across the speaker sample.
Infinite bound states and hydrogen atom-like energy spectrum induced by a flat band
Authors: Zhang Yi-Cai , Zhu Guo-Bao 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In this work, we investigate the bound-state problem in a one-dimensional spin-1 Dirac Hamiltonian with a flat band. It is found that the flat band has significant effects on the bound states. For example, for Dirac delta potential gδ(x), there exists one bound state for both the positive and negative potential strength g. Furthermore, when the potential is weak, the bound-state energy is proportional to the potential strength g. For square well potential, the flat band results in the existence of infinite bound states for arbitrarily weak potential. In addition, when the bound-state energy is very near the flat band, the energy displays a hydrogen atom-like spectrum, i.e. the bound-state energies are inversely proportional to the square of the natural number n (e.g., E

n
∝ 1/n
2, n = 1, 2, 3, …). Most of the above nontrivial behaviors can be attributed to the infinitely large density of states of the flat band and its ensuing 1/z singularity of the Green function. The combination of a short-ranged potential and flat band provides a new possibility to get an infinite number of bound states and a hydrogen atom-like energy spectrum. In addition, our findings provide some useful insights and further our understanding of the many-body physics of the flat band.
Penetration of plasma jet into porous dielectric layer: confirmed by surface charge dissipation of silicone rubber
Authors: Li Shuang , Fu Yongqiang , Guo Xinzheng , Li Jianjun , Zhang Ruobing 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The penetration of plasma in the porous structure is important for its application in plasma catalysis, plasma medicine, etc. In this paper, the penetration of plasma species in the porous kaolin layer was investigated. The silicone rubber was chosen as a probe and the inorganic porous dielectric layer was constructed with granular kaolin coated on the surface of silicone rubber. AC and pulsed plasma jets were applied to the silicone rubber, and the surface charge dissipation of bulk silicone rubber was measured to characterize the changes of surface property caused by the plasma penetration. The results showed that plasma could penetrate the porous dielectric layer on the silicone rubber and interact with the surface of silicone rubber, thus accelerating the surface charge dissipation of the bulk silicone rubber. The increase of shallow traps and surface conductivity after plasma treatment was the main reason for the acceleration of surface charge dissipation. The surface charge dissipation is enhanced with the increase of treatment time and the generating voltage of plasma. The surface charge dissipation declined for silicone rubber with a thicker kaolin layer due to the blocking of the kaolin layer on the interaction of plasma and the silicone rubber. For the same kind of plasma, the charge dissipation rate was linearly related to plasma dose which was represented by the energy density of plasma applied on the coated silicone rubber. At the same energy density, the surface charge dissipation of silicone rubber after pulsed plasma treatment was faster than that of AC plasma.
Assessing the relaxation mechanisms contributions on magnetoimpedance effect in YIG/W bilayers
Authors: Santos J G S , Silva E F , Gamino M , Ferreira A , Vaz F , Bohn F , Correa M A 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Damping parameter plays a key role in the magnetization dynamics of ferri/ferromagnetic materials with potential technological applications. Experimentally the damping parameter can be estimated from the linewidth of the ferromagnetic resonance experiment, which is altered by distinct mechanisms associated with extrinsic contributions, such as spin pumping and two-magnon scattering mechanisms. Here we perform a systematic investigation of the magnetization dynamics through magnetoimpedance effect in Y5Fe3O12(t

Y
I
G

)/W(100 nm) bilayers having t

YIG
between 25 and 125 nm. By modifying the YIG thickness, we explore the contributions of such extrinsic mechanisms to α

eff
. From the structural features, quasi-static magnetic properties, and ferromagnetic resonance results, we interpret our findings for the magnetization dynamics. Our results disclose that the bilayer structure allows us to explore the magnetoimpedance effect in a wide range of frequency and magnetic fields, providing insights on the effective damping parameter.
Thermodefect voltage in graphene nanoribbon junctions
Authors: Aydin Alhun , Sisman Altug , Fransson Jonas , Black-Schaffer Annica M , Dutta Paramita 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Thermoelectric junctions are often made of components of different materials characterized by distinct transport properties. Single material junctions, with the same type of charge carriers, have also been considered to investigate various classical and quantum effects on the thermoelectric properties of nanostructured materials. We here introduce the concept of defect-induced thermoelectric voltage, namely, thermodefect voltage, in graphene nanoribbon (GNR) junctions under a temperature gradient. Our thermodefect junction is formed by two GNRs with identical properties except the existence of defects in one of the nanoribbons. At room temperature the thermodefect voltage is highly sensitive to the types of defects, their locations, as well as the width and edge configurations of the GNRs. We computationally demonstrate that the thermodefect voltage can be as high as 1.7 mV K−1 for 555–777 defects in semiconducting armchair GNRs. We further investigate the Seebeck coefficient, electrical conductance, and electronic thermal conductance, and also the power factor of the individual junction components to explain the thermodefect effect. Taken together, our study presents a new pathway to enhance the thermoelectric properties of nanomaterials.
Barium titanate-enhanced hexagonal boron nitride inks for printable high-performance dielectrics
Authors: Kim Hyunho , Arbab Adrees , Fenech-Salerno Benji , Yao Chengning , Macpherson Ryan , Kim Jong Min , Torrisi Felice 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Printed electronics have been attracting significant interest for their potential to enable flexible and wearable electronic applications. Together with printable semiconductors, solution-processed dielectric inks are key in enabling low-power and high-performance printed electronics. In the quest for suitable dielectrics inks, two-dimensional materials such as hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) have emerged in the form of printable dielectrics. In this work, we report barium titanate (BaTiO3) nanoparticles as an effective additive for inkjet-printable h-BN inks. The resulting inkjet printed BaTiO3/h-BN thin films reach a dielectric constant (ε
r) of ∼16 by adding 10% of BaTiO3 nanoparticles (in their volume fraction to the exfoliated h-BN flakes) in water-based inks. This result enabled all-inkjet printed flexible capacitors with C ∼ 10.39 nF cm−2, paving the way to future low power, printed and flexible electronics.
Highly stable Pt–Co bimetallic catalysts prepared by atomic layer deposition for selective hydrogenation of cinnamaldehyde
Authors: Wang Kaiying , He Xiaoqing , Wang Jee-Ching , Liang Xinhua 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Pt–Co bimetallic catalysts were deposited on γ-Al2O3 nanoparticles by atomic layer deposition (ALD) and were used for selective hydrogenation of cinnamaldehyde (CAL) to cinnamyl alcohol (COL). High resolution transmission electron microscopy, hydrogen temperature‐programmed reduction, x-ray diffraction, and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were used to identify the strong interaction between Pt and Co. The obtained catalysts with an optimal Pt/Co ratio achieved a COL selectivity of 81.2% with a CAL conversion of 95.2% under mild conditions (i.e., 10 bar H2 and 80 °C). During the CAL hydrogenation, the addition of Co on Pt significantly improved the activity and selectivity due to the synergetic effects of Pt–Co bimetallic catalysts, resulted from the transfer of electrons from Co to Pt, which can stabilize the carbonyl groups. The obtained Pt–Co bimetallic catalysts also showed excellent stability due to the strong interaction between the metal nanoparticles and the alumina support. Negligible losses in the activity and selectivity were observed during the recycling experiments, showing the potential for practical applications.
Simple self-organization-based synthesis of gold nanoparticle-implanted ZnO aerogels with good sensing performance to gaseous ethanol
Authors: Xu Kang , Wang Qingqing 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Simple fabrication of metal-modified oxide aerogels is expected but remains challenging. This work presents a sample one-pot synthesis method for gold nanoparticle (NP) implanted ZnO (Au–ZnO) aerogels just by sequentially adding (CH3COO)2Zn and NaBH4 solutions into a pre-prepared Au colloidal solution. The typically fabricated Au–ZnO aerogels are constituted by ZnO networks implanted with uniform Au NPs. The Au NPs had a size of about 100 nm, and the ZnO nanochains in the networks were about 10 nm in thickness. Further, the proportion of the Au NPs in the final aerogels could be tuned by using different amounts of the Zn precursors. Furthermore, a mechanism based on metal oxidation and oriented connection growth (a self-organization process) has been presented for describing the formation of such Au–ZnO aerogels. In the typical formation, the Zn2+ ions first convert into ZnO beads, and then are self-organized to form networks wrapping the colloidal Au NPs under the effect of linker molecules, and this matches well with the observed experimental results. Most importantly, these Au–ZnO aerogels show great structurally enhanced gas sensing properties to gaseous ethanol compared with a pure ZnO film. They have a fast response (about 30 s), a high selectivity, and quantitative sensing to the target gas. This work has provided a simple preparation method for Au–ZnO aerogels, and also shows their great potential in gas sensing applications.