bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Screening and establishing metastasis-related diagnosis and prognosis model for lung adenocarcinoma through CRISPR library and TCGA database
Authors: Shao Fanggui , Ling Liqun , Li Changhong , Huang Xiaolu , Ye Yincai , Zhang Meijuan , Huang Kate , Pan Jingye , Chen Jie , Wang Yumin 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Existing biomarkers for diagnosing and predicting the metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) may not meet the demands of clinical practice. Risk prediction models based on multiple markers may provide better prognostic factors for accurate diagnosis and prediction of metastatic LUAD.
Methods: An animal model of LUAD metastasis was constructed using CRISPR library technology, and genes related to LUAD metastasis were screened by mRNA sequencing of normal and metastatic tissues. The immune characteristics of different subtypes were analyzed, and the differential genes were subjected to survival and Cox regression analysis to identify the specific genes for metastasis. The biological function of RFLNA was first verified by analyzing cck-8, migration, invasion and apoptosis in LUAD cell lines.
Results: We identified 108 differential genes related to metastasis, and classified LUAD samples into two subtypes according to their expression levels. Subsequently, a prediction model composed of 8 metastasis-related genes (RHOBTB2, KIAA1524, CENPW, DEPDC1, RFLNA, COL7A1, MMP12 and HOXB9) was constructed. The AUC values of the logistic regression and neural network were 0.946 and 0.856, respectively. Moreover, the model can effectively classify patients into low- and high-risk groups. We found a better prognosis in the low-risk group both in the training cohort and test cohort, indicating that the prediction model has good diagnosis and predictive power. Up-regulation of RFLNA expression successfully promoted cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and attenuated apoptosis, suggesting that RFLNA plays a role in promoting LUAD development and metastasis.
Conclusion: The model has important diagnostic and prognostic value for metastatic LUAD, and may serve as a novel biomarker for LUAD patients in clinic.
Updated Seismic Hazard Curves, Maps, and Spectra for the Northern Dominican Republic using a Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis
Authors: Cruz Kalil Erazo 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis article presents updated seismic hazard curves, maps, and spectra of ground motion intensity parameters for the northern region of the Dominican Republic (DR) obtained using a probabilistic seismic hazard analysis (PSHA). The analysis uses as input data an earthquake recurrence model based on fault slip rates derived from GPS measurements published in the aftermath of the 2010 Haiti Earthquake. The seismicity rates data is used to calibrate a composite characteristic earthquake model, which is combined with a Poisson process to provide a temporal characterization of earthquakes occurrence. The PSHA accounts for uncertainties in the analysis by modeling magnitude and site-to-rupture distance as random variables, considering the aleatory uncertainty associated to the ground motion prediction equations (GMPE) used for spatial characterization of earthquake-induced ground motions. The seismic hazard curves and maps include (horizontal) peak ground acceleration and pseudo-spectral response accelerations at 0.2s and 1.0s periods for 5% damping and firm rock sites. The results show that the ground motion parameters with a 2% probability of exceedance (PE) in 50 years determined in this study are up to 46% larger than the corresponding parameters specified in the current DR building code for the northern DR. Moreover, the design response spectra for a site in the city of Santiago specified in the code is significantly lower than the 2% PE in 50 years uniform hazard spectra determined in this study for periods smaller than 0.5s, a range that includes the majority of the structures that define the built environment of the DR.
Degussa P-25 TiO2 induced Photocatalytic Oxidation of 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol
Authors: Yadav Shivani , Kumar Sunil , Haritash Anil Kumar 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Chlorophenols have significant environmental concern owing to their toxicity, carcinogenicity and bioaccumulation potential, especially in the aquatic environment. Inefficient treatment of industrial effluents and discharge of partially treated wastewater further aggravates the environmental and health issues. Degradation of 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol using photochemical oxidation (TiO2) has come up as a potential treatment option. The present study used Degussa P-25 nano-TiO2 at varying doses for the optimisation of treatment. An optimised dose of 250mg/l TiO2could remove 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol completely wi thin 210 minutes of reaction period. Addition of H2O2 to further increase the rates of treatment did not yield any benefit. It was observed that UV365exposure may be replaced by solar light but the reaction rate was lower compared to UV. Finally, the comparison of operational cost of UV photocatalysis, photo catalysis with H2O2, and solar photocatalysis revealed the cost of US $ 0.27 per litre, 0.30 per litre, and 0.16 per litre, respectively, thus making solar photocatalysis the best option, but for lower volumes of wastewater. It was concluded that photocatalytic oxidation can be a sustainable treatment option for degradation of 2,4,6-TCP considering its benefits to environment and health.
Local support of climate change policies is driven by spatial diffusion
Authors: Levi Sebastian , Wolf Ingo , Sommer Stephan , Howe Peter 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Political conflicts about energy and climate change policies have often local implications, yet little is known about local public opinion towards these policies. Here, we estimate support towards 26 climate change mitigation policies for 402 German counties and for up to four periods of time. We find that local support for climate policies varies by up to 60 percentage points across German counties. While support for the expansion of wind power plants and solar power plants have converged over the last years, attitudes on the phase out of coal power have polarized across regions. Using a spatial panel analysis, we detect that support for the expansion of wind and solar plants correlate with the actual development of solar and wind capacities in these regions. Moreover, the spread of climate policy opinion is strongly determined by spatial diffusion as change in one region positively influences the trajectory of policy opinion among its neighbors.
Hormonal status and cardiorespiratory adaptation of late premature newborns in the early neonatal period
Authors: Kubyshkina A. V. , Logvinova I. I. 
Published: September 2022

The growth of late preterm labor in recent years and the increased frequency of neonatal complications in 34–36-week gestation newborns explain the interest of researchers in the problem of late prematurity. The loss of the last weeks of pregnancy by late prematurity interruptsthe formation of hierarchical connections between regulatory links and target organs, but the questionsremain open, how significant is the effect of late prematurity on the hormonal status of the newborn and what are the immediate and long-term consequences of hormonal disorders that occurred in the early neonatal period.Purpose. This study analyzes the effect of hormonal status on cardio-respiratory adaptation of late premature newborns in the early neonatal period.Materials and methods. The study included 105 newborns with a gestation period of 34–36 weeks. A comprehensive assessment of the early adaptation period was carried out, the levels of TSH, T3, T4 total, T4 free, cortisol were determined. Blood sampling was carried out immediately after birth from the umbilical cord vein and on the 4th day after birth from the subcutaneous veins. The concentration of hormones was determined by solid-phase enzyme immunoassay using standard sets (Alkor Bio, Russia).Results. The results of the work established a relationship between the thyroostatic state, cortisol concentration and the course of cardio-respiratory adaptation in late premature newborns. Newborns in need of respiratory and cardiotonic therapy had reduced concentrations of T3, T4 free and cord blood cortisol. On the 4th day of life, newborns in need of respiratory therapy showed a decrease in free T4 and an increase in cortisol, children receiving cardiotonic support had a reduced concentration of free T4.Conclusion. Hormonal maladaptation can be considered as an additional factor in the pathogenesis of respiratory disorders in late premature newborns along with a reduced gas exchange area in the lungs, immaturity of sodium pumpsin alveolocytes and surfactant deficiency.
Predictive value of the clinical scale for assessment of premature newborns during pre-transport preparation of newborns
Authors: Kovtun O. P. , Davidova N. S. , Mukhametshin R. F. 
Published: September 2022

Purpose. This study is aimed at determining the predictive value of the clinical assessment scale for premature newborns during pre-transport preparation in relation to the outcomes of treatment of newborns.Materials and methods. The cohort study included data from 604 visits of the neonatal transport team to the newborn children hospitalized in the medical centers of the Sverdlovsk region from August 1, 2017, to December 31, 2018. Median birth weight [IQR] 2515 [1600; 3275] grams, median gestational age [IQR] 36 [32; 38] weeks. Primary medical documentation was used for scale assessment. Descriptive statistics tools: median and interquartile range, fraction, 95% CI for the proportion, error of the proportion, calculation of the area under the ROC curve, calculation of sensitivity, specificity, cut-off level, positive (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV). The correlation analysis of quantitative data with an abnormal distribution is performed by Spearman’s test.Results. The scale demonstrated a high predictive value for lethal outcome (AUC = 0.803 (0.734–0.872)), 7-day mortality (AUC = 0.821 (0.743–0.899)), late neonatal sepsis (AUC = 0.763 (0.697–0.830)), severe intraventricular hemorrhage (AUC = 0.784 (0.729–0.838)), and occlusive hydrocephalus (AUC = 0.802 (0.725–0.878)) in the total sample of newborns (fullterm and premature). The negative predictive value significantly prevails over the positive predictive value. Weak correlations were found between the score and the duration of intensive care (r = 0.305, p < 0.0001), duration of ventilation (r = 0.221, p >< 0.0001), duration of nCPAP (r = 0.214, p = 0.001), and hospitalization (r = 0.214, p >< 0.0001), both in the general sample and among the survivors. Conclusion. The scale has a high predictive value in relation to the outcomes of the hospital stage in newborns, but a weak correlation with quantitative outcomes. Key words: Newborns, interhospital transportation of newborns, neonatal transfer, severity assessment, tactical decision.>˂ 0.0001), duration of ventilation (r = 0.221, p ˂ 0.0001), duration of nCPAP (r = 0.214, p = 0.001), and hospitalization (r = 0.214, p ˂ 0.0001), both in the general sample and among the survivors.Conclusion. The scale has a high predictive value in relation to the outcomes of the hospital stage in newborns, but a weak correlation with quantitative outcomes.
The prediction of early anemia of prematurity in babies born weighing less than 1500 g
Authors: Ivanenkova Ya. A. , Kharlamova N. V. , Kuzmenko G. N. , Nazarov S. B. , Matveeva E. A. 
Published: September 2022

Ранняя анемия недоношенных — заболевание, характерное для недоношенных детей, особенно с экстремально низкой и очень низкой массой тела при рождении. Изучение новых механизмов ее формирования позволит своевременно проводить профилактические мероприятия и предотвратить формирование данной патологии в неонатальном периоде. Наше исследование было посвящено изучению инсулиноподобного фактора роста 1-го типа и белка-3, связывающего инсулиноподобный фактор роста, для прогнозирования ранней анемии недоношенных и ее тяжелого варианта. Проведено клинико-лабораторное обследование 65 новорожденных гестационного возраста до 32 нед с массой тела при рождении менее 1500 г. Содержание инсулиноподобного фактора роста 1-го типа и белка-3, связывающего инсулиноподобный фактор роста, определяли в венозной крови на 3– 5-е сутки жизни. Выявлены новые предикторы формирования ранней анемии недоношенных: при содержании белка-3, связывающего инсулиноподобный фактор роста, на 3–5-е сутки жизни 0,766 мкг/мл или менее и при содержании инсулиноподобного фактора роста 25,9 нг/мл или менее прогнозируется формирование ранней анемии недоношенных у глубоконедоношенных пациентов. Установлены предикторы формирования тяжелого варианта ранней анемии недоношенных, требующего гемотрансфузии на основании уровня белка-3, связывающего инсулиноподобный фактор роста, с учетом антропометрических показателей ребенка при рождении. Разработаны и внедрены способы прогнозирования формирования ранней анемии недоношенных и ее тяжелого варианта, что дает возможность своевременно проводить профилактические мероприятия, чтобы предотвратить формирование заболевания и улучшить показатели здоровья и качества жизни глубоконедоношенных пациентов.
Relationship of specific and non-specific inflammation in children with respiratory tuberculosis and chronic lung diseases
Authors: Nakonechnaya S. L. , Aksenova V. A. , Mizernitskiy Yu. L. 
Published: September 2022

The problem of the combination of tuberculosis and chronic nonspecific diseases of the bronchopulmonary system in children and adolescents has not been sufficiently studied to date and remains relevant.Purpose. The study aims at determination of predictors of tuberculosis infection to identify groups at high risk of developing tuberculosis among children with chronic nonspecific pathology.Materials and research methods. A prospective study of children and adolescents (n = 158) with isolated respiratory tuberculosis and its combination with various forms of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (lung defects, chronic bronchitis, bronchial asthma) was conducted. These two groups were compared in respect of the medical history and physical examination data, as well as computed tomography findings.Results. The predictors of the development of tuberculosis included cases of pneumonia at an early age, acute respiratory infections 3 or more times a year, and the early age of children infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis.Conclusion. These conditions increase the risk of developing active tuberculosis in children and cause its more severe course. In addition, chronic nonspecific lung diseases associated with tuberculosis often complicate the course of a specific process and are often characterized by recurrent attacks.
Specific aspects of tobacco smoking among Russian teenage girls
Authors: Skvortsova E. S. , Lushkina N. P. 
Published: September 2022

Purpose. The study is to analyze tobacco smoking among girls aged 15–17 years according to the data of the all-Russian epidemiological monitoring conducted in 2019–2020 and to identify the main aspects and directions of tobacco smoking prevention among girls.Materials and methods. In 2019–2020, on the basis of a multi-stage selection from 12 constituent entities of the Russian Federation (6 Federal Districts), secondary schools were selected by random sampling from urban areas, in which a continuous anonymous survey of students in grades 9–11 was conducted. The total number of respondents was 14084 teenagers (6535 boys and 7549 girls).Results. The data analysis showed that the prevalence of tobacco smoking among girls did not differ significantly from that of boys. Girls started smoking later than boys, but the intensity of initiation at the age of 13–14 years is higher than among boys. The structure of the motives of the first smoking test in boys and girls is the same. However, girls who tried smoking for the first time significantly outperformed boys by the motive «out of curiosity», and boys — «to feel like an adult» and «to please someone.» For most of the main reasons for smoking, girls did not differ significantly from boys, but girls smoked more often to «calm down,» and boys — «to seem more mature.» Awareness of the dangers of smoking among girls is slightly higher than among boys, and their sources of information are more reliable and scientifically based.Conclusion. In 2019–2020 the prevalence of tobacco smoking among girls for the first time in 20 years of monitoring has become the same as among boys, and in some surveyed cities — even higher. In our opinion, this is due to the fact that society’s attitude towards women smoking has changed. Tobacco smoking among women has become less condemned and quite acceptable. However, this working hypothesis requires further, more detailed study.
Suicide mortality among children in the Russian Federation
Authors: Terletskaya R. N. , Zelinskaya D. I. 
Published: September 2022

Purpose. To identify the aspects of suicide mortality of the child population of the Russian Federation and to propose directions for its prevention.Materials and methods. An analysis of official data on the incidence of suicide deaths and injuries with uncertain intentionsin children of various age groups and in the context of the Russian Federation constituent entities was carried out. Special attention of suicide death age structure was paid to adolescents aged 15–17 years. The proportion of suicides among children due to external causes of death was determined.Results. The incidence of suicide in children and adolescents depends on age, gender, and place of residence: in general, boys and urban residents dominated among the dead; suicide cases were recorded starting from the age group 5–9 years, more than two thirds of them were in the 15–17 age group; suicide rates among external causes of child death increased with age, were higher in girls and in rural areas; all the indicators studied had regional characteristics. Suicide mortality of children higher than the all-Russian level was recorded in the Volga, Siberian and Far Eastern, and at the age of 15–17 years — in the Southern, North Caucasus and Ural Federal Districts.Conclusion. The characteristics of suicide mortality of children its social conditionality should be taken into account in the preventive measures’ formation. An analysis of inaccurate and unspecified causes of children death is important; intensive development of medical and social assistance and introduction of modern technologies of medical and social support for children and adolescents; using the principles of intersectoral and interdepartmental interaction to identify and strengthen State control over improper parenting; raising the social responsibility of parents.
Neurological manifestations of COVID-19 in a five-year-old child
Authors: Balykova L. A. , Boynova I. V. , Ignatyev V. N. , Ignatieva O. I. 
Published: September 2022

A new coronavirus infection (COVID-19, Corona Virus Disease 2019) is a disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, presenting as both a mild acute respiratory viral infection and a severe form, with damage to various organs and systems. In children under 16 years of age infected with SARS-CoV-2, the vast majority of cases were mild, without marked neurological manifestations.This paper describes a case of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis in a five-year-old child associated with SARS-CoV-2, which caused difficulties in the differential diagnosis with demyelinating diseases and hereditary pathology. The disease was diagnosed in a family where both parentswere diagnosedwith COVID-19 by polymerase chain reaction (PCR).The CNSlesionwasrepresented by severe central hemiparesis, involvement of some cranial nerves, with impaired pelvic organ function. During the treatment there was a positive dynamicsin the somatic and neurologicalstatus. The patient was discharged for outpatient treatment with satisfactory rehabilitation potential.SARS-CoV-2 lesions of the nervous system in children can lead to life-threatening and fatal conditions. Timely diagnosis and a comprehensive approach to the management of a child with encephalomyelitis made it possible to avoid adverse effects of the disease and improve the rehabilitation prognosis.
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy caused by mutations in the <I>PRKAG2</I> gene
Authors: Leontyeva I. V. , Shcherbakova N. V. , Kalachanova E. P. , Thermosesov S. A. , Sukhorukov V. S. 
Published: September 2022

Clinical observations of three cases of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy caused by mutations in the PRKAG2 gene with a debut in early childhood are presented. The sisters whose father suffered from a severe form of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in combination with Wolf—Parkinson—White syndrome and died at a young age from progressive heart failure are described. Early manifestation of the disease is characteristic, while there was a combination of ventricular preexitation syndrome and myocardial hypertrophy with rapid progression to extreme values. Hypertrophy was concentric symmetrical and biventricular. The main clinical symptom in the first observation was frequent paroxysms of supraventricular tachycardia. New atrioventricular fenestrations were detected during dynamic observation, insufficient effectiveness of radiofrequency ablation, recurrence of supraventricular tachycardia, and a good response to propafenone were noted. The third clinical case is sporadic, a long-term follow-up for 15 years is presented and clearly reflects the progression of the increase in myocardial hypertrophy and cardiac arrhythmias. The disease debuted from an early age in the form of hypertrophy in combination with severe bradycardia, which made drug therapy difficult. Due to the high risk of sudden cardiac death against the background of extreme myocardial hypertrophy, a cardioverter defibrillator was implanted. Signs of mitochondrial insufficiency according to skeletal muscle biopsy are described.
Inhibitors of Sa-Reductase
Authors: Frye Stephen V. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract:
The enzyme steroid Sa-reductase (SAR) catalyzes the c nversion of Ll4 steroids to the corresponding saturated steroids and plays a significant role in developmental biology. Dihydrotestosterone, a product of Sa-reduction of testosterone, has been implicated in the pathology of benign prostatic hyperplasia, acne and male pattern baldness. Two isozymes of SAR are now known and the relative roles of these enzymes in developmental physiology and in the pathophysiology of androgen­ related disorders is the subject of much current research. Progress in the development of potent isozyme selective and dual inhibitors of SAR is reviewed with an emphasis on structure activity relationships as well as efficacy in animal models of benign prostatic hyperplasia and human clinical studies.
Design of New Oxysterols for Regulation of Cholesterol Metabolism
Authors: Schroepfer Jr. George J. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract:
3 -Hydroxy-Sa-cholest-8(14)-en-15-one is an oxysterol which shows high potency in the inhibition of sterol synthesis and in the suppression of the levels of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase activity in mammalian cells. The 15-ketosterol, which shows significant hypocholesterolemic activity upon oral administration to animals, has been the subject of intensive investigation over the past two decades. Considerations of the metabolism of the 15-ketosterol have provided the basis for the rational design of improved analogs. The construction of these analogs was
facilitated by the development of a highly efficient and specific method for the oxidative cleavage of the side chain o8f 04)_15-
ketosterols to give synthons from which the new analogs could be prepared. Apart from their increased potencies with regard to lowering of serum cholesterol levels, the new analogs of the 15-ketosterol display other favorable features.