bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Do Linear Wage-Profit Equations Support Neoclassical Theory?
Authors: Nell Edward 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Empirical investigations have found relatively few cases of reswitching or capital reversal, but many more instances than expected of what look like Neo-Classical relationships, leading some eagerly to Affirm the Consequent, and call for restoration of the good old stories. This is unwarranted. A necessarily brief and incomplete account of recent work in the theory of money and credit shows that these seemingly neoclassical relationships may have a completely different origin and meaning. They are part of the structure and institutions, including markets, that support the circulation of money and credit, and the neoclassical appearance in particulars arises from the relation between r and g, properly adjusted. It has little or nothing to do with the flawed ‘Choice of Technique’ or with the stories of ‘substitution’ between labour and capital.
Fascism and the classics: ideological manipulation and targeted translations of the Aeneid
Authors: Scafoglio Giampiero 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
A major aspect of Fascist manipulation of classical culture is the tendentious practice of translating texts in order to emphasize the points apparently consistent with the regime’s ideology: this process goes so far as to distort the meaning of the texts, which are used as means of political propaganda. This happened to the Aeneid, the most translated and probably the most misinterpreted poem in Italy during the Fascist period. I outline an overview of the translations made by Giuseppe Albini (1921), Francesco Vivona (1926), Giuseppe Lipparini (1928), Emilio Pratellesi (1930), and Guido Vitali (1930). I describe and illustrate with some examples the criteria followed by each author, with respect to lexical choice, sentence structure, and stylistic devices. Thus, I show how these translations (with the sole exception of that by Albini) are enslaved to their political purpose and betray the deep and complex message of the poem.
The silent reception of Kristina Chew’s Georgics
Authors: Cox Fiona 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This article examines Chew’s translation of the Georgics within the context of a wave of classical reception that is witnessing an unusual number of female-authored translations. I explore the reasons why Chew’s work failed to attract the recognition and attention of other translations, such as Janet Lembke’s Georgics or Sarah Ruden’s Aeneid, and suggest that Chew’s status of outsider has influenced the reception of her translation. The article also analyses the idiosyncratic and daring choices made by Chew in her translation and considers the impact that this has on refashioning the Georgics for twenty-first century America.
Movement and Memory: Reconfiguring the Significance of Place in Jenny Siler’sEasy MoneyandFlashback
Authors: Avery Cathrine 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe narrative of hard-boiled crime fiction is typically embedded in a city, and knowledge of this place is intrinsic to the investigator’s characterization. Through an examination of Jenny Siler’s Easy Money (1998) and Flashback (2004), this essay explores the impact on both the investigative narrative and the representation of identity when place is reconfigured. By employing Doreen Massey’s analysis of the politics of place and space and Manuel Castells’ concept of the “space of flows,” I examine how Siler’s work brings into play concepts of legitimacy, geopolitical borders, and belonging. I consider how the removal of symbolic meaning from a place through the rejection of its boundary condition or the negation of its past has a political impact: it challenges what and who is given value.
Vocabulary Outcomes for 5-Year-Old Children Who Are Deaf or Hard of Hearing: Impact of Age at Enrollment in Specialized Early Intervention
Authors: Rudge Amanda M , Coto Jennifer , Oster Monika-Maria , Brooks Betsy Moog , Soman Uma , Rufsvold Ronda , Cejas Ivette 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The aims of this study were to examine vocabulary scores of 5-year-old children who are deaf or hard of hearing (DHH), as well as the impact of early enrollment in specialized intervention on vocabulary outcomes. Receptive and expressive vocabulary scores were analyzed for 342 five-year-old children who are DHH enrolled in specialized listening and spoken language intervention programs. Regression analyses were utilized to examine the effects of age at enrollment on vocabulary outcomes. Overall, participants achieved scores within normal test limits on receptive and expressive measures of vocabulary. Children who enrolled in intervention prior to 28 months of age had better vocabulary skills at 5 years old. The findings support that children who are DHH can understand and produce vocabulary at skill levels commensurate with their typically hearing peers, regardless of severity of hearing loss. Results highlight the crucial impact of specialized programs on children’s lexical readiness to participate in general education settings by kindergarten.
Utility of plasma CA125 as a proxy of intra-abdominal pressure in patients with acute heart failure
Authors: Rubio-Gracia Jorge , Crespo-Aznarez Silvia , De la Espriella Rafael , Nuñez Gonzalo , Sánchez-Marteles Marta , Garcés-Horna Vanesa , Yanguas-Barea Nerea , Josa-Laorden Claudia , Cobo-Marcos Marta , Giménez-López Ignacio , Pérez-Calvo Juan Ignacio , Nuñez Julio 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Aims
Increased intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) is now considered a potential contributor to organ damage and disease progression in acute heart failure (AHF). In this work, we aimed to determine if antigen carbohydrate 125 (CA125) is associated with IAP and to identify a cutpoint of CA125 useful for ruling out intra-abdominal hypertension (defined as IAP ≥ 12 mmHg).

Methods and results
We prospectively evaluated a cohort of 53 patients admitted with AHF in which IAP was measured within the first 24-h of admission. The mean age was 80 ± 8 years, 31 (58.5%) were female, and 31 (58.5%) had left ventricular ejection fraction ≥50%. The median plasma levels of NT-proBNP and CA125 were 3830 pg/mL (2417–8929) and 45.8 U/mL (29.8–114.0), respectively. The median of IAP was 15 mmHg (11–17), and 39 (73%) patients had an IAP ≥ 12 mmHg. The diagnostic performance of CA125 for identifying an IAP ≥ 12 mmHg was tested using the receiving operating characteristic (ROC) curve. The cut-off for CA125 of 17.1 U/mL showed a sensitivity of 92%, a specificity of 50%, and an area under the ROC curve of 0.71. After multivariate adjustment, CA125 remained non-linearly and positively associated with higher IAP (P-value = 0.003), explaining almost 28% of the model’s variability (R2: 27.6%).

Conclusions
Patients with AHF and intra-abdominal hypertension had higher CA125 plasma levels. A baseline concentration of CA125 below 17.1 U/mL will increase the odds of identifying a subset of patients with normal IAP.
Inhibition of infection-induced vascular permeability modulates host leukocyte recruitment to Mycobacterium marinum granulomas in zebrafish
Authors: Kam Julia Y , Cheng Tina , Garland Danielle C , Britton Warwick J , Tobin David M , Oehlers Stefan H 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Mycobacterial granuloma formation involves significant stromal remodeling including the growth of leaky, granuloma-associated vasculature. These permeable blood vessels aid mycobacterial growth, as antiangiogenic or vascular normalizing therapies are beneficial host-directed therapies in preclinical models of tuberculosis across host-mycobacterial pairings. Using the zebrafish–Mycobacterium marinum infection model, we demonstrate that vascular normalization by inhibition of vascular endothelial protein tyrosine phosphatase (VE-PTP) decreases granuloma hypoxia, the opposite effect of hypoxia-inducing antiangiogenic therapy. Inhibition of VE-PTP decreased neutrophil recruitment to granulomas in adult and larval zebrafish, and decreased the proportion of neutrophils that extravasated distal to granulomas. Furthermore, VE-PTP inhibition increased the accumulation of T cells at M. marinum granulomas. Our study provides evidence that, similar to the effect in solid tumors, vascular normalization during mycobacterial infection increases the T cell:neutrophil ratio in lesions which may be correlates of protective immunity.
Timber strength variation due to establishment density—can grading cope with it?
Authors: Rais Andreas , Kovryga Andriy , Bacher Martin , Pretzsch Hans , van de Kuilen Jan-Willem 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
High planting densities in coniferous stands usually lead to advantageous wood properties with high yields for strength graded timber in sawmills. In timber design, however, the focus is on mechanical wood properties, as structural engineers rely on the characteristic values for strength, stiffness and wood density defined for the strength classes. Almost 700 Douglas-fir boards from plots with establishment densities of 1000, 2000 and 4000 trees per hectare were graded with different strength grading machines before the boards were finally tensile tested. Three existing models including both the functional relationship and the class limits were applied to the tensile strength prediction: Modelknot based on knot size and wood density, ModelEdyn based on the dynamic modulus of elasticity (Edyn) only and Modelknot,Edyn based on Edyn and knot size were used to calculate the indicating properties (IPs) IPknot, IPEdyn and IPknot,Edyn. The ratio of achieved and required characteristic values for strength, stiffness and wood density was calculated for various T classes according to the European standard EN 338:2016. The focus was on two questions: (1) Do the samples from different densities meet the characteristic values of the respective T classes? (2) How does the complexity of the grading model affect the characteristic values of sawn timber with raw material planted at different initial densities? The results showed that the stiffness and wood density requirements of the T class profile according to EN 338:2016 were met for boards of all initial densities. Boards from higher and highest densities always exceeded the strength requirements, by on average $+$16 per cent and $+$36 per cent, whereas boards from low establishment densities fell short of the strength requirements by on average −15 per cent. Grading of multiple classes in one run also influenced the characteristic strength value. Applying the strength class combinations T15/T9, the negative deviations from the required strength value of the lower class T9 improved for boards coming from plots with an initial stand density of 1000 trees ha−1 from −14 per cent to −13 per cent (Modelknot), from −12 per cent to −2 per cent (ModelEdyn) and from −10 per cent to $+$6 per cent (Modelknot,Edyn). The non-compliance of the characteristic strength values at low initial density was only in a few cases below the limit value required for the test (90 per cent). The relative distance between the characteristic values within the three densities, nevertheless, was high. Complex grading models resulted in both better yields and low deviations from the requirements.
The Firm Fried. Krupp in the Chinese Market prior to the First Sino-Japanese War of 1894/95
Authors: Skřivan Aleš , Skřivan Aleš 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The Self-Strengthening Movement that started in China at the beginning of the 1860s included, along with other steps and measures, new plans for importing modern weapons from the West. This reform process therefore provided a new opportunity for foreign arms producers, including the German firm Fried. Krupp. This article analyses Krupp’s first activities in China, describes significant circumstances affecting the arms trade, evaluates the rivalry with British and French companies in the Chinese market and assesses the significance for the German company of its involvement in building a modern Chinese navy. The article’s approach is comprehensive and it is based on extensive research focusing on mostly unpublished sources, especially materials from German archives, often used here for the first time.
A Two-Step Model for Encouraging the General Public to Exhibit Helping Behaviors Toward People Living With Dementia
Authors: Matsumoto Hiroshige , Igarashi Ayumi , Sakka Mariko , Takaoka Manami , Kugai Haruna , Ito Kenichiro , Yamamoto-Mitani Noriko 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Background and Objectives
Dementia awareness initiatives aim to promote helping behaviors toward people living with dementia. We applied the bystander intervention process model in the context of the general public’s helping behaviors toward people living with dementia, and we sought to identify the mechanisms underlying the association between dementia knowledge and helping behaviors.

Research Design and Methods
In a survey featuring vignettes for the general public in Japan (N = 904), we presented four situations in which people could exhibit helping behaviors toward a person with dementia. Guttman scale analysis was used to test this sequential ordering of the bystander intervention process model: (a) interpreting the need to help, (b) perceiving personal responsibility, and (c) intention to provide help. Mediation analysis was used to examine whether the effects of knowledge on helping behaviors were mediated by attitude toward people living with dementia and the bystander intervention process.

Results
The results support the two-step model in which interpreting the situation as one where assistance is required is a prerequisite of helping behavior. Dementia knowledge had a significant total effect on intention to provide help (β = 0.136, p &lt; .001). Interpretation (indirect effect: β = 0.092, p &lt; .001), as well as attitude (indirect effect: β = 0.044, p &lt; .001), was found to completely mediate the effect of dementia knowledge on intention to provide help.

Discussion and Implications
Dementia awareness initiatives designed to promote helping behaviors should focus on knowledge transfer, improving the general public’s attitudes toward people living with dementia, and their ability to interpret when such people need assistance.
Chemoenzymatic synthesis of an α-1,6-glucan-based conjugate vaccine against Helicobacter pylori
Authors: Altman Eleonora , Chandan Vandana , Harrison Blair A , Schur Melissa , Goneau Marie-France , Li Jianjun , Gilbert Michel 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In this study, we investigated the utility of glycoconjugates based on a linear α-1,6-glucan chain synthesized using a recombinant α-1,6-glucosyltransferase from the 26695 strain of Helicobacter pylori. Capillary electrophoresis–mass spectrometry analysis confirmed the main product to contain 9–10 sequentially added α-1,6-linked glucose residues. This was consistent with a length of α-1,6-glucan structure present in the outer core region of H. pylori lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from strains 26695 and 26695 HP0826::Kan. The synthetic α-1,6-glucan was conjugated to either bovine serum albumin or tetanus toxoid and immunological properties of resultant glycoconjugates investigated. The conjugates were immunogenic in rabbits and mice and induced strong and specific IgG responses against purified LPS from typeable and nontypeable α-1,6-glucan-positive H. pylori strains. Furthermore, the post-immune sera from rabbits that received the conjugates were bactericidal and cross-reacted with selected clarithromycin-resistant and clarithromycin-susceptible clinical isolates of H. pylori. This technology offers a novel approach to the design of a synthetic carbohydrate-based vaccine against H. pylori.
Force Majeure and Investment Arbitration
Authors: Wang Lu , Shan Wenhua 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This article addresses force majeure in international investment arbitration as it interacts with relevant domestic, commercial and international laws. As a classic excuse for non-performance of obligations in most domestic legal systems and a ‘general principle of law’, force majeure is also widely accepted in public international law as a ground for precluding wrongfulness of the acts of State under the Articles on Responsibility of States for Internationally Wrongful Acts (ARSIWA). In investment arbitration practice, force majeure has been invoked to justify non-performance of contractual obligations or treaty obligations. For the former, the contractual force majeure clause is crucial, while for the latter, investment treaty tribunals tended to refer to ARSIWA Article 23 on force majeure. The case law has demonstrated that the conditions for the invocation of force majeure as a circumstance precluding wrongfulness under the ARSIWA are much narrower and stricter than the conditions set for invoking force majeure in the context of contract or commercial law. The article argues that the different standards applied by treaty and contract arbitration tribunals are rooted in the distinct systems of applicable law, which traditionally did not cause many problems or attract much attention. With the increasingly blurred boundaries between domestic and international, private and public laws, the legitimacy and sustainability of such conventional distinction might demand reconsideration. It suggests to explore a more consistent interpretation and application of force majeure claims under the two legal systems, and one way forward is to allow more flexibility in the interpretation and application of ARSIWA so that the international rules on force majeure could be better aligned with force majeure under commercial law.
Rights Not Recognized: Applying the Right to Recognition as a Person before the Law to Pushbacks at International Borders
Authors: Rodrik Delphine 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Rather than facilitating access to protection for those escaping persecution or seeking security, today’s State policies often aim to prevent individuals from ever reaching their territories. The goal of deterrence has been manifested in border militarization and externalization practices that block those in need of protection – frequently labelled as ‘irregular’ or ‘illegal’ migrants – from accessing asylum and other protective procedures. In tandem, widespread State practices of informal, summary, and collective ‘pushbacks’ seek to remove individuals who do arrive in these State territories without individualized evaluations of their protection claims or adherence to any required procedure. This article argues that these pushbacks, which place affected individuals outside the framework of any applicable law and prevent them from accessing its protections, do more than obstruct asylum claims and violate the principle of non-refoulement. They strip individuals of their right to be recognized as persons before the law, protected by article 16 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights. After analysing the doctrine of the United Nations Human Rights Committee on article 16 in particular, and broadly exploring the interpretation of the right in other instruments that contain it, this article examines how the common processes and result of pushbacks implicate and degrade this right. It demonstrates that article 16 constitutes a critical protection against the increasing ‘rightlessness’ in which asylum seekers and other migrants often find themselves today. As such, it submits that evaluating pushbacks through the framework of the right to recognition as a person before the law, rather than through the lens of refoulement or expulsions alone, allows a better analysis of the multi-layered human rights impact of such practices, scrutinizes their use as a tactic in a deterrence-driven policy landscape, and facilitates a more critical evaluation of their (il)legality.
Evolution of the Conception of Justice within the Field of Transitional Justice in Post-dictatorial Chilean Society
Authors: Cubillos-Vega Carla , Zúñiga-Fajuri Alejandra , Abarca Ximena Faúndez , Morales Dahiana Gamboa , Fiscella José Gaete 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT∞
We have recently witnessed two political milestones in Chile: the social uprising of 18 October 2019 and, currently, the drafting of a new political constitution. In this context and based on data from interdisciplinary research on political and post-dictatorial culture, this article aims to present the conceptions of justice held by stakeholders in transitional justice efforts in Chile. The results reveal that the conception of justice has gone from being centred on retributive and, residually, restorative justice to focusing on social or distributive justice. We conclude that a new constitution that includes this expanded notion of justice – which has been observed in the last decade and crystallized in the demands manifested in the social uprising – would represent the completion of a lengthy political transition.
A new approach for stabilization of control-affine systems via integral inequalities
Authors: Ben Makhlouf Abdellatif , Hammami M A , Hammi M 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In this work, we use a bilinear approximation to examine the stability problem of a class of control-affine systems. We show that a continuous feedback may stabilize the system with given constraints on the term of perturbation. We provide a stabilization result for bilinear systems in presence of perturbations using integral inequalities. Moreover, we prove a new extension of Gamidov’s Lemma that allows us to stabilize a class of affine systems. An example and an application are given to verify the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Local output feedback stabilization of reaction–diffusion PDEs with saturated measurement
Authors: Lhachemi Hugo , Prieur Christophe 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis paper addresses the topic of output feedback stabilization of general one-dimensional reaction–diffusion partial differential equations (PDEs) in the presence of a saturation in the measurement. The boundary control and the second boundary condition take the form of Dirichlet/Neumann/Robin boundary conditions. The measurement is selected as a boundary Dirichlet trace. The boundary measurement, as available for feedback control, is assumed to be subject to a saturation. In this context, we achieve the local exponential stabilization of the reaction–diffusion PDE while estimating a subset of the domain of attraction of the origin.
Degree Conditions Forcing Directed Cycles
Authors: Grzesik Andrzej , Volec Jan 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Caccetta–Häggkvist conjecture is a longstanding open problem on degree conditions that force an oriented graph to contain a directed cycle of a bounded length. Motivated by this conjecture, Kelly, Kühn, and Osthus initiated a study of degree conditions forcing the containment of a directed cycle of a given length. In particular, they found the optimal minimum semidegree, that is, the smaller of the minimum indegree and the minimum outdegree, which forces a large oriented graph to contain a directed cycle of a given length not divisible by $3$, and conjectured the optimal minimum semidegree for all the other cycles except the directed triangle. In this paper, we establish the best possible minimum semidegree that forces a large oriented graph to contain a directed cycle of a given length divisible by $3$ yet not equal to $3$, hence fully resolve the conjecture by Kelly, Kühn, and Osthus. We also find an asymptotically optimal semidegree threshold of any cycle with a given orientation of its edges with the sole exception of a directed triangle.