bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
2021 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure
Authors:   Authors/Task Force Members:, McDonagh Theresa A. , Metra Marco , Adamo Marianna , Gardner Roy S. , Baumbach Andreas , Böhm Michael , Burri Haran , Butler Javed , Čelutkienė Jelena , Chioncel Ovidiu , Cleland John G.F. , Coats Andrew J.S. , Crespo‐Leiro Maria G. , Farmakis Dimitrios , Gilard Martine , Heymans Stephane , Hoes Arno W. , Jaarsma Tiny , Jankowska Ewa A. , Lainscak Mitja , Lam Carolyn S.P. , Lyon Alexander R. , McMurray John J.V. , Mebazaa Alexandre , Mindham Richard , Muneretto Claudio , Francesco Piepoli Massimo , Price Susanna , Rosano Giuseppe M.C. , Ruschitzka Frank , Kathrine Skibelund Anne ,   ESC Scientific Document Group
Published: January 2022

AbstractDocument Reviewers: Rudolf A. de Boer (CPG Review Coordinator) (Netherlands), P. Christian Schulze (CPG Review Coordinator) (Germany), Magdy Abdelhamid (Egypt), Victor Aboyans (France), Stamatis Adamopoulos (Greece), Stefan D. Anker (Germany), Elena Arbelo (Spain), Riccardo Asteggiano (Italy), Johann Bauersachs (Germany), Antoni Bayes‐Genis (Spain), Michael A. Borger (Germany), Werner Budts (Belgium), Maja Cikes (Croatia), Kevin Damman (Netherlands), Victoria Delgado (Netherlands), Paul Dendale (Belgium), Polychronis Dilaveris (Greece), Heinz Drexel (Austria), Justin Ezekowitz (Canada), Volkmar Falk (Germany), Laurent Fauchier (France), Gerasimos Filippatos (Greece), Alan Fraser (United Kingdom), Norbert Frey (Germany), Chris P. Gale (United Kingdom), Finn Gustafsson (Denmark), Julie Harris (United Kingdom), Bernard Iung (France), Stefan Janssens (Belgium), Mariell Jessup (United States of America), Aleksandra Konradi (Russia), Dipak Kotecha (United Kingdom), Ekaterini Lambrinou (Cyprus), Patrizio Lancellotti (Belgium), Ulf Landmesser (Germany), Christophe Leclercq (France), Basil S. Lewis (Israel), Francisco Leyva (United Kingdom), AleVs Linhart (Czech Republic), Maja‐Lisa Løchen (Norway), Lars H. Lund (Sweden), Donna Mancini (United States of America), Josep Masip (Spain), Davor Milicic (Croatia), Christian Mueller (Switzerland), Holger Nef (Germany), Jens‐Cosedis Nielsen (Denmark), Lis Neubeck (United Kingdom), Michel Noutsias (Germany), Steffen E. Petersen (United Kingdom), Anna Sonia Petronio (Italy), Piotr Ponikowski (Poland), Eva Prescott (Denmark), Amina Rakisheva (Kazakhstan), Dimitrios J. Richter (Greece), Evgeny Schlyakhto (Russia), Petar Seferovic (Serbia), Michele Senni (Italy), Marta Sitges (Spain), Miguel Sousa‐Uva (Portugal), Carlo G. Tocchetti (Italy), Rhian M. Touyz (United Kingdom), Carsten Tschoepe (Germany), Johannes Waltenberger (Germany/Switzerland)All experts involved in the development of these guidelines have submitted declarations of interest. These have been compiled in a report and published in a supplementary document simultaneously to the guidelines. The report is also available on the ESC website
www.escardio.org/guidelinesFor the Supplementary Data which include background information and detailed discussion of the data that have provided the basis for the guidelines see European Heart Journal online
Demand‐oriented performance assessment using models of different degree of complexity
Authors: Bertero Agustin , Bertero Raúl D. , Filippou Filip C. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis paper presents a procedure for evaluating performance objectives expressed in terms of the intended exceedance rate of a certain level of seismic demand. With the purpose of keeping the computational effort at a manageable level, the procedure relies on the use of structural models of different degree of complexity: a simplified predictor model that allows conducting hundreds of response history analyzes in a small computational time, and a sophisticated reference model able to realistically simulate overall system response. The former is used for the purposes of identifying a reduced set of ground motions for evaluating the performance objective of interest, which are then used as the input motions in the latter to estimate the level of demand with the specified exceedance rate and obtain additional insight into understanding the system in case performance needs to be improved. By introducing an intermediate structure‐specific predictor model, the so‐called demand‐oriented assessment is able to provide results that are more accurate than those obtained from intensity‐based assessments, while significantly reducing the computational effort associated to rigorous probabilistic seismic demand analysis.
Performance evaluation of seismically isolated buildings near active faults
Authors: Kitayama Shoma , Constantinou Michael C. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis paper investigates the collapse risk of seismically isolated buildings that are designed by the procedures of the ASCE/SEI 7‐16 standard for sites within 5 km of the active fault that controls the hazard. The study is based on six‐story perimeter frame buildings designed with special concentrically braced frames for a location in California. The seismic isolation systems considered in this study are comprised of either: (i) triple friction pendulum bearings with high friction coefficients at the sliding interfaces, (ii) triple friction pendulum bearings with low friction coefficient at the sliding surfaces and enhanced with fluid viscous dampers, or (iii) triple friction pendulum bearings with low friction coefficients at the sliding surfaces. The paper demonstrates that the seismically isolated buildings designed per Section 17.3.3 in ASCE/SEI 7‐16 standard, but with either increased isolator displacement capacity or increased superstructure strength by comparison to the minimum required, can achieve an acceptable collapse risk. It is also demonstrated that the seismic isolation systems that have the best collapse performance for far‐field motions are not necessarily the best for the near‐field pulse‐like ground motions.
Volume‐of‐fluid based two‐phase flow methods on structured multiblock and overset grids
Authors: Wang Zhaoyuan , Stern Frederick 
Published: January 2022

AbstractA geometric volume‐of‐fluid (VOF) method is implemented on the static/dynamic overset grids with a new VOF interpolation algorithm developed. The VOF value cannot be directly interpolated through the overset grid boundaries since the VOF function is a discontinuous step function. In the present study, the interface is reconstructed in the fringe cells of the overset grids using the interpolated distance function and normal vector. The VOF value in the fringe cells is calculated geometrically based on the reconstructed interface on the physical domain. The gravity and surface tension forces are implemented using a VOF based ghost fluid method, where a ghost pressure interpolation scheme is developed to handle the pressure jump across the interface due to the density changes and surface tension effect. Numerical tests and application examples have been performed for the verification and validation of the numerical methods developed in the present study. The advection tests show that the effect of the VOF overset interpolation on the accuracy of the VOF method is small. The numerical test for the static pressure shows that the present VOF based ghost fluid method can greatly reduce the spurious velocity observed in the body force method. The sharp pressure profile due to the surface tension effects can be preserved across the interface. Application examples demonstrate the capability and superiority of the VOF based numerical methods for the prediction of the violent ship flows involving strong air water interface interactions and complex geometries.
Burden of Kaposi sarcoma according to HIV status: A systematic review and global analysis
Authors: Ibrahim Khalil Ahmadaye , Franceschi Silvia , de Martel Catherine , Bray Freddie , Clifford Gary M. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn 2020, over 34 000 cases of Kaposi sarcoma (KS) were estimated globally, all attributable to KS herpesvirus (KSHV). Prior to the HIV epidemic, KS already existed in KSHV endemic regions, notably in sub‐Saharan Africa (SSA). The HIV epidemic has vastly increased the KS burden. We developed a methodology to provide global estimates of KS burden according to HIV status. A systematic review identified studies reporting HIV prevalence in consecutive KS series. Pooled estimates of HIV prevalence, by country or UN subregion, were used to calculate population‐attributable fraction (PAF) and these were applied to IARC's GLOBOCAN 2020 to estimate burden and incidence of HIV‐attributable and non‐HIV‐attributable KS. We identified 55 eligible studies, reporting HIV prevalence ranging from ≤5% to ≥95%. Approximately 80% of KS in SSA was estimated attributable to HIV, vs ~50% in the rest of the world. By applying PAFs to national GLOBOCAN estimates, an estimated 19 560 KS cases attributable to HIV were diagnosed in SSA in 2020 (~80% of the worldwide burden), vs 5064 cases of non‐HIV‐attributable KS (~60% of the worldwide burden). Incidence of HIV‐attributable KS was highest in Southern Africa (6.0 cases per 100 000) and Eastern Africa (3.4), which were also the world regions with highest incidence of non‐HIV‐attributable KS (0.4 and 1.0 cases per 100 000, respectively). This first systematic effort to produce a global picture of KS burden stratified by HIV status highlights the continuing important burden of HIV‐attributable KS in SSA, even in the era of combined antiretroviral therapy.
The apoptosis induced by CdTe quantum dots through the mitochondrial pathway in dorsal root ganglion cell line ND7/23
Authors: Bai Changcun , Wei Tingting , Zou Lingyue , Liu Na , Huang Xiaoquan , Tang Meng 
Published: January 2022

AbstractRecently, the use of CdTe quantum dots in the field of biomedicine, such as biological imaging, biosensors, cell markers, and drug carriers, is increasing due to their special physical and chemical properties. However, their biosafety assessment lags far behind their rapid application. In this study, we observed that CdTe quantum dots with certain exposed doses and time decreased the cell viability and increased the apoptosis rates in ND7/23 cells. In general, CdTe quantum dots exposure could promote the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cells and decrease the mitochondrial membrane potential, which led to pathological changes and subcellular organelle damages. We hypothesized that the mitochondrial pathway could be involved in CdTe quantum dots‐induced apoptosis. The results suggested that CdTe quantum dots exposure increased the expression levels of three mitochondrial pathway markers, for example, caspase‐3, cytochrome c, and Bax while decreased Bcl‐2 protein expression, following with cytochrome c falling out of the inner membrane of mitochondrial and releasing into the cytoplasm. The application of caspase‐3 protein inhibitor Ac‐DEVD‐CHO could decrease apoptosis rates in ND7/23 cells. The results, taken together, demonstrated that CdTe quantum dots could induce apoptosis of ND7/23 cells through the mitochondrial pathway. Our findings provide a novel insight for researchers to explore CdTe quantum dots' toxic mechanisms to reduce their adverse effects.
A quantum‐chemical perspective on the laser‐induced alignment and orientation dynamics of the CH3X (X = F, Cl, Br, I) molecules
Authors: Simkó Irén , Chordiya Kalyani , Császár Attila G. , Kahaly Mousumi Upadhyay , Szidarovszky Tamás 
Published: January 2022

AbstractMotivated by recent experiments, the laser‐induced alignment‐and‐orientation (A&O) dynamics of the prolate symmetric top CH3X (X = F, Cl, Br, I) molecules is investigated, with particular emphasis on the effect of halogen substitution on the rotational constants, dipole moments, and polarizabilities of these species, as these quantities determine the A&O dynamics. Insight into possible control schemes for preferred A&O dynamics of halogenated molecules and best practices for A&O simulations are provided, as well. It is shown that for accurate A&O ‐dynamics simulations it is necessary to employ large basis sets and high levels of electron correlation when computing the rotational constants, dipole moments, and polarizabilities. The benchmark‐quality values of these molecular parameters, corresponding to the equilibrium, as well as the vibrationally averaged structures are obtained with the help of the focal‐point analysis (FPA) technique and explicit electronic‐structure computations utilizing the gold‐standard CCSD(T) approach, basis sets up to quintuple‐zeta quality, core‐correlation contributions and, in particular, relativistic effects for CH3Br and CH3I. It is shown that the different A&O behavior of the CH3X molecules in the optical regime is mostly caused by the differences in their polarizability anisotropy, in other terms, the size of the halogen atom. In contrast, the A&O dynamics of the CH3X series induced by an intense few‐cycle THz pulse is mostly governed by changes in the rotational constants, due to the similar dipole moments of the CH3X molecules. The A&O dynamics is most sensitive to the B rotational constant: even the difference between its equilibrium and vibrationally‐averaged values results in noticeably different A&O dynamics. The contribution of rotational states having different symmetry, weighted by nuclear‐spin statistics, to the A&O dynamics is also studied.
Association of end‐stage renal disease with HLA phenotypes and panel reactive antibodies in patients awaiting renal transplantation in Hunan Province
Authors: Long Lu , Sun Qian 
Published: January 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo explore the immune‐related genetic susceptibility of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles and their correlation with panel reactive antibody (PRA) generation during end‐stage renal disease (ESRD) progression.Materials and methodsData of the expression patterns of HLA‐A, ‐B, and ‐DR alleles and PRAs of 347 ESRD patients awaiting renal transplantation in Hunan Province from 2015 to 2019 were retrospectively studied. The polymerase chain reaction with sequence‐specific primers was used for HLA genotyping and the enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay for PRA detection. SPSS 21.0 software was used for all allele frequency and statistical analyses.ResultsThirteen HLA‐A, 25 HLA‐B, and 13 HLA‐DR alleles were expressed. The allele frequencies of HLA‐A2, ‐B48, ‐B52, and ‐B55 were significantly higher in the case group than in the control group (p < 0.05), whereas that of HLA‐B60 was significantly higher in the control group (p < 0.05). The frequency of HLA alleles in the PRA‐positive group was significantly higher in females than in males (p < 0.05). The allele frequencies of HLA‐A2, ‐B38, and ‐B46 were significantly higher in the PRA‐positive group than in the PRA‐negative one (p < 0.05), whereas that of HLA‐60 was significantly higher in the PRA‐negative group (p < 0.05).ConclusionHLA‐A2, ‐B48, ‐B52, and ‐B55 may be the ESRD susceptibility alleles in Han Chinese patients in Hunan Province, whereas HLA‐B60 may be the protective allele. Patients carrying HLA‐A2, ‐B38, and ‐B46 are more likely to develop PRA positivity, whereas the opposite is true for those with HLA‐B60.
Novel N‐substituted isatin‐ampyrone Schiff bases as a new class of antiproliferative agents: Design, synthesis, molecular modeling and in vitro cytotoxic activity
Authors: Emami Leila , Khabnadideh Soghra , Faghih Zahra , Solhjoo Aida , Malek Saba , Mohammadian Amir , Divar Masoumeh , Faghih Zeinab 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThirteen novel isatin‐ampyrone Schiff bases derivatives were synthesized in only two steps of 70%–90% overall yields. In vitro cytotoxic activity of these new Schiff bases against three human tumor cell lines (MCF‐7, A549, and SCOV3) as well as normal breast cell line (MCF‐10A) were evaluated by MTT assay. Structure–activity relationship of the tested compounds revealed that chlorine group at C‐5 position of the isatin ring significantly increased the cytotoxic activity. This study generally led to introduce a highly active molecule (M12) with IC50 values of 5.12, 25.5, and 12.9 μΜ, on MCF‐7, A549, and SCOV3, respectively. Furthermore, molecular docking studies of the synthesized compounds were also done to investigate their binding modes towards VEGFR‐2 and JNK3‐MAP kinase as the main targets for isatin‐containing anticancer agents. Binding free energy values of the compounds showed positive correlation with their cytotoxic activities. To confirm the docking results, molecular docking simulations of potent compound (M12) against VEGFR‐2 and JNK3 MAP kinase were also performed. According to the cytotoxic results and in silico ADMET predictions together, M12 can be considered as a potent candidate for the future anticancer studies.
Short‐Term Variability of Proton Density Fat Fraction in Pancreas and Liver Assessed by Multiecho Chemical‐Shift Encoding‐Based MRI at 3 T
Authors: Machann Jürgen , Hasenbalg Maytee , Dienes Julia , Wagner Robert , Sandforth Arvid , Fritz Victor , Birkenfeld Andreas L. , Nikolaou Konstantin , Kullmann Stephanie , Schick Fritz , Heni Martin 
Published: January 2022

BackgroundQuantification of pancreatic fat (PF) and intrahepatic lipids (IHL) is of increasing interest in subjects at risk for metabolic diseases. There is limited data available on short‐ and medium‐term variability of PF/IHL and on their dependence on nutritional status.PurposeTo assess short‐term intraday variations of PF/IHL after a high‐fat meal as well as medium‐term changes after 5 days of high‐caloric diet.Study TypeProspective cohort study.SubjectsA total of 12 subjects (six males) for intraday variations study, 15 male subjects for medium‐term high‐caloric diet study and 11 age‐ and body mass index (BMI)‐matched controls.Field Strength/SequenceA 3 T; chemical‐shift encoded multiecho gradient echo sequence.AssessmentFor the intraday study, subjects were scanned after overnight fasting and after a high fat meal on the same day. For the medium‐term study, 26 subjects were scanned after overnight fasting with 15/11 rescanned after 5 days of high‐calorie diet/isocaloric diet. Proton density fat fraction (PDFF) maps were generated inline on the scanner. Regions of interest were manually drawn in head, body, and tail of pancreas and in the liver by a medical physicist and a doctoral student (26/4 years of experience). PF was calculated as the average of the head, body, and tail measurements.Statistical TestsRepeated measurements ANOVA for assessing changes in PF/IHL, linear correlation analyses for assessing relationships of PF/IHL with BMI. Significance level P < 0.05 for all.ResultsNonsignificant changes in PF (2.6 ± 1.0 vs. 2.7 ± 0.9% after high‐fat meal, 1.4 ± 0.8 vs. 1.5 ± 0.6% [high‐caloric diet] and 1.5 ± 0.8 vs. 1.8 ± 1.0% [isocaloric control group]), nonsignificant changes in IHL after high‐fat meal (2.6 ± 1.3 vs. 2.5 ± 0.9%) and in the control group (1.1 ± 0.6 vs. 1.2 ± 1.1%), significantly increased IHL after high‐caloric diet (1.7 ± 2.2% vs. 2.7 ± 3.6%). Nonsignificant changes in PF (2.6 ± 1.0 vs. 2.7 ± 0.9% after high‐fat meal, 1.4 ± 0.8 vs. 1.5 ± 0.6% [high‐caloric diet] and 1.5 ± 0.8 vs. 1.8 ± 1.0% [isocaloric control group]), nonsignificant changes in IHL after high‐fat meal (2.6 ± 1.3 vs. 2.5 ± 0.9%) and in the control group (1.1 ± 0.6 vs. 1.2 ± 1.1%), significantly increased IHL after 5‐days of high‐caloric diet (1.7 ± 2.2% vs. 2.7 ± 3.6%).Data ConclusionTime of day and nutritional status have no significant influence on PF/IHL and are therefore not likely to be major confounders in epidemiologic or clinical studies.Evidence Level2Technical EfficacyStage 1
Emerging evidence on Omicron (B.1.1.529) SARS‐CoV‐2 variant
Authors: Sharma Vineet , Rai Himanshu , Gautam Dev N. S. , Prajapati Pradeep K. , Sharma Rohit 
Published: January 2022

AbstractCOVID's Omicron variant has sparked a slew of concerns across the globe. This review aims to provide a brief overview of what we know about the Omicron variant right now. The new variant has been discovered in 149 countries across all six World Health Organization (WHO) regions since its discovery in South Africa on November 24, 2021 and became the dominant variant in the country in less than 3 weeks. The WHO has warned that the B.1.1.529 variant is spreading at an unprecedented rate, and has urged countries to prepare for the worst. Over the course of this time, researchers from Africa and around the world have uncovered a wealth of information about the virus's epidemiology and biological properties. Case numbers are increasing exponentially in hard‐hit areas such as South Africa, United Kingdom, and USA (overtaking the delta variant), implying that the variant is highly transmissible. Initial research has provided some insights into the efficacy of vaccines against the Omicron variant and whether it produces major illness, however, much remains unknown, and additional work is needed to investigate what the initial reports represent in real‐world situations.
One‐year follow‐up of 18 women who infected COVID‐19 while pregnant
Authors: Xianyu Yunyan , Wang Mengmei , Yue Fang , Xu Xiaoyu , Yang Haizhen , Zhao Dong , Hu Ke 
Published: January 2022

AbstractData about the sequelae of women who infected COVID‐19 while pregnant are scarce. We aimed to describe the prevalence of symptoms, pulmonary functions, and radiological changes at a follow‐up of 12 months in 18 pregnant women who developed COVID‐19 at different gestational ages. Our results showed that most women who infected COVID‐19 while pregnant experienced a progressive improvement of their symptoms within 12 months, however, some still had little COVID‐related symptoms but without a reduced quality of life. All their 18 newborns were growing up healthy.
Neuron‐glia (mis)interactions in brain energy metabolism during aging
Authors: Mayorga‐Weber Gonzalo , Rivera Francisco J. , Castro Maite A. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractLife expectancy in humans is increasing, resulting in a growing aging population, that is accompanied by an increased disposition to develop cognitive deterioration. Hypometabolism is one of the multiple factors related to inefficient brain function during aging. This review emphasizes the metabolic interactions between glial cells (astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and microglia) and neurons, particularly, during aging. Glial cells provide support and protection to neurons allowing adequate synaptic activity. We address metabolic coupling from the expression of transporters, availability of substrates, metabolic pathways, and mitochondrial activity. In aging, the main metabolic exchange machinery is altered with inefficient levels of nutrients and detrimental mitochondrial activity that results in high reactive oxygen species levels and reduced ATP production, generating a highly inflammatory environment that favors deregulated cell death. Here, we provide an overview of the glial‐to‐neuron mechanisms, from the molecular components to the cell types, emphasizing aging as the crucial risk factor for developing neurodegenerative/neuroinflammatory diseases.