bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Insomnia, and Sleepiness Symptoms among a Community Adult Sample: The Mediating Effect of Executive Behavioral Regulation and Metacognition Abilities
Authors: Madiouni Clarisse , Broc Guillaume , Cindy Lebrun , Bayard Sophie 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Objective
Adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is characterized by a dysexecutive syndrome reflected in cognitive, emotional, and behavioral areas. Independently of a formal diagnosis of ADHD, higher ADHD symptoms are associated with higher levels of insomnia and sleepiness symptoms in adult population-based samples. Insomnia and sleepiness are sleep disorders that are both associated with deficits in several aspects of executive functions which in turn are likely to mimic a range of ADHD symptoms. Our objective was to explore the interrelationships between ADHD, insomnia, and sleepiness symptoms and executive functioning in community-dwelling adults.

Method
A total of 442 participants (18–89 years, 56% females) underwent a semistructured clinical interview and completed questionnaires for insomnia, sleepiness, and everyday behaviors in which executive functions are implicated. Mediation Models were applied.

Results
Insomnia and sleepiness symptoms did not play a mediating role between ADHD symptoms and executive functioning. Conversely, our results highlighted a mediating effect of daytime insomnia consequences and sleepiness on ADHD symptoms via behavioral regulation executive symptoms (respectively, β = −0.32, p &lt; .001, 95% CI [−0.46, −0.20]; β = 0.09, p &lt; .05, 95% CI [0.02, 0.16]) and metacognitive executive symptoms (respectively, β = −0.30, p &lt; .001, 95% CI [−0.44, −0.18]; β = 0.12, p &lt; .01, 95% CI [0.04, 0.22]).

Conclusions
Daytime insomnia consequences and sleepiness symptoms could lead to ADHD-like symptoms through their associated executive symptoms expressed in daily life. When faced with symptoms suggestive of ADHD in adults, insomnia and sleepiness should be systematically screened with standardized instruments.
Identification of deleterious variants of uncertain significance in BRCA2 BRC4 repeat through molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Sinha Siddharth , Qin Zixin , Tam Benjamin , Wang San Ming 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Large quantity of variants of uncertain significance (VUS) has been identified in cancer predisposition genes, but classification of VUS remains a big challenge. We proposed that the impact of VUS on protein structure stability can be used to identify these with deleterious effects by using molecular dynamics simulation (MDS)-based approach and developed a MDS-based method for missense VUS classification. In the current study, we applied the system to classify the missense VUS in BRCA2. BRCA2 plays an important role in maintaining genome stability by repairing double-strand DNA damage through homologous recombination. BRCA2 BRC repeats bring RAD51 from cytoplasm to the break sites in nucleus to initiate the repairing process. Missense variants in BRCA2 BRC repeats can interfere the interaction between BRCA2 and RAD51, impair double-strand break repair, cause genome instability and increase cancer risk. We characterized the missense VUS in BRCA2 BRC4 repeat, the primary site of BRCA2 interacting with RAD51. Based on the well-determined BRC4 structure, we applied MDS to measure the impact of BRC4 missense VUS on the stability of BRC4 structure by testing the equilibrium state, flexibility, compactness, hydrogen bonds and surface accessibility. Of the 46 missense VUS analyzed, we were able to differentiate them into 24 Deleterious and 22 Tolerated variants. Comparison between the MDS-based and other 24 existing computational methods for variant classification showed that the MDS-based approach is highly sensitive and specific for classifying missense VUS in cancer predisposition genes.
scanMiR: a biochemically based toolkit for versatile and efficient microRNA target prediction
Authors: Soutschek Michael , Gross Fridolin , Schratt Gerhard , Germain Pierre-Luc 
Published: February 2022

AbstractMotivationmicroRNAs are important post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression, but the identification of functionally relevant targets is still challenging. Recent research has shown improved prediction of microRNA-mediated repression using a biochemical model combined with empirically-derived k-mer affinity predictions; however, these findings are not easily applicable.ResultsWe translate this approach into a flexible and user-friendly bioconductor package, scanMiR, also available through a web interface. Using lightweight linear models, scanMiR efficiently scans for binding sites, estimates their affinity and predicts aggregated transcript repression. Moreover, flexible 3′-supplementary alignment enables the prediction of unconventional interactions, such as bindings potentially leading to target-directed microRNA degradation or slicing. We showcase scanMiR through a systematic scan for such unconventional sites on neuronal transcripts, including lncRNAs and circRNAs. Finally, in addition to the main bioconductor package implementing these functions, we provide a user-friendly web application enabling the scanning of sequences, the visualization of predicted bindings and the browsing of predicted target repression.Availability and implementationscanMiR and companion packages are implemented in R, released under the GPL-3 and accessible on Bioconductor (https://bioconductor.org/packages/release/bioc/html/scanMiR.html) as well as through a shiny web server (https://ethz-ins.org/scanMiR/).Supplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
HFBSurv: hierarchical multimodal fusion with factorized bilinear models for cancer survival prediction
Authors: Li Ruiqing , Wu Xingqi , Li Ao , Wang Minghui 
Published: February 2022

AbstractMotivationCancer survival prediction can greatly assist clinicians in planning patient treatments and improving their life quality. Recent evidence suggests the fusion of multimodal data, such as genomic data and pathological images, is crucial for understanding cancer heterogeneity and enhancing survival prediction. As a powerful multimodal fusion technique, Kronecker product has shown its superiority in predicting survival. However, this technique introduces a large number of parameters that may lead to high computational cost and a risk of overfitting, thus limiting its applicability and improvement in performance. Another limitation of existing approaches using Kronecker product is that they only mine relations for one single time to learn multimodal representation and therefore face significant challenges in deeply mining rich information from multimodal data for accurate survival prediction.ResultsTo address the above limitations, we present a novel hierarchical multimodal fusion approach named HFBSurv by employing factorized bilinear model to fuse genomic and image features step by step. Specifically, with a multiple fusion strategy HFBSurv decomposes the fusion problem into different levels and each of them integrates and passes information progressively from the low level to the high level, thus leading to the more specialized fusion procedure and expressive multimodal representation. In this hierarchical framework, both modality-specific and cross-modality attentional factorized bilinear modules are designed to not only capture and quantify complex relations from multimodal data, but also dramatically reduce computational complexity. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our method performs an effective hierarchical fusion of multimodal data and achieves consistently better performance than other methods for survival prediction.Availability and implementationHFBSurv is freely available at https://github.com/Liruiqing-ustc/HFBSurv.Supplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
How to Harness the Power of Social Media for Quality Drug Information in Infectious Diseases: Perspectives on Behalf of the Society of Infectious Diseases Pharmacists
Authors: Cole Kelli A , Zhou Anna Y , Jones Travis , Moore W Justin , Chandler Elisabeth L , Zafonte Veronica B , Morrisette Taylor , Gauthier Timothy P , Kisgen Jamie , Barner Amanda , Johnson Melissa D , Tagare R Dawn , Justo Julie Ann 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Clinicians, researchers, and the public frequently turn to digital channels and social media for up-to-the-minute information on novel therapeutics and vaccines. The value of credible infectious diseases drug information is more apparent in the setting of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. This viewpoint by the Society of Infectious Diseases Pharmacists (SIDP) provides guidance on utilizing social media platforms to optimize infectious diseases pharmacotherapy. It includes tips for all levels of users but primarily serves a guide for the infectious diseases clinician who has not yet joined social media. It compares various social media platforms and suggests which to begin with based on user needs, recommends efficient curation of social media content, and outlines a stepwise approach (shown below) to increasing engagement over time. This summary will hopefully spur further quality content and engagement regarding drug information from the infectious diseases social media network.
The Effect of Regularly Dosed Acetaminophen vs No Acetaminophen on Renal Function in Plasmodium knowlesi Malaria (PACKNOW): A Randomized, Controlled Trial
Authors: Cooper Daniel J , Grigg Matthew J , Plewes Katherine , Rajahram Giri S , Piera Kim A , William Timothy , Menon Jayaram , Koleth Glenn , Edstein Michael D , Birrell Geoffrey W , Wattanakul Thanaporn , Tarning Joel , Patel Aatish , Wen Yeo Tsin , Dondorp Arjen M , Anstey Nicholas M , Barber Bridget E 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Background
Acetaminophen inhibits cell-free hemoglobin-induced lipid peroxidation and improves renal function in severe falciparum malaria but has not been evaluated in other infections with prominent hemolysis, including Plasmodium knowlesi malaria.

Methods
PACKNOW was an open-label, randomized, controlled trial of acetaminophen (500 mg or 1000 mg every 6 hours for 72 hours) vs no acetaminophen in Malaysian patients aged ≥5 years with knowlesi malaria of any severity. The primary end point was change in creatinine at 72 hours. Secondary end points included longitudinal changes in creatinine in patients with severe malaria or acute kidney injury (AKI), stratified by hemolysis.

Results
During 2016–2018, 396 patients (aged 12–96 years) were randomized to acetaminophen (n = 199) or no acetaminophen (n = 197). Overall, creatinine fell by a mean (standard deviation) 14.9% (18.1) in the acetaminophen arm vs 14.6% (16.0) in the control arm (P = .81). In severe disease, creatinine fell by 31.0% (26.5) in the acetaminophen arm vs 20.4% (21.5) in the control arm (P = .12), and in those with hemolysis by 35.8% (26.7) and 19% (16.6), respectively (P = .07). No difference was seen overall in patients with AKI; however, in those with AKI and hemolysis, creatinine fell by 34.5% (20.7) in the acetaminophen arm vs 25.9% (15.8) in the control arm (P = .041). Mixed-effects modeling demonstrated a benefit of acetaminophen at 72 hours (P = .041) and 1 week (P = .002) in patients with severe malaria and with AKI and hemolysis (P = .027 and P = .002, respectively).

Conclusions
Acetaminophen did not improve creatinine among the entire cohort but may improve renal function in patients with severe knowlesi malaria and in those with AKI and hemolysis.

Clinical Trials Registration
NCT03056391.
Efficacy and Safety of Sarilumab in Hospitalized Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Sivapalasingam Sumathi , Lederer David J , Bhore Rafia , Hajizadeh Negin , Criner Gerard , Hosain Romana , Mahmood Adnan , Giannelou Angeliki , Somersan-Karakaya Selin , O’Brien Meagan P , Boyapati Anita , Parrino Janie , Musser Bret J , Labriola-Tompkins Emily , Ramesh Divya , Purcell Lisa A , Gulabani Daya , Kampman Wendy , Waldron Alpana , Ng Gong Michelle , Saggar Suraj , Sperber Steven J , Menon Vidya , Stein David K , Sobieszczyk Magdalena E , Park William , Aberg Judith A , Brown Samuel M , Kosmicki Jack A , Horowitz Julie E , Ferreira Manuel A , Baras Aris , Kowal Bari , Thomas DiCioccio A , Akinlade Bolanle , Nivens Michael C , Braunstein Ned , Herman Gary A , Yancopoulos George D , Weinreich David M 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Background
Open-label platform trials and a prospective meta-analysis suggest efficacy of anti–interleukin (IL)-6R therapies in hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) receiving corticosteroids. This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of sarilumab, an anti–IL-6R monoclonal antibody, in the treatment of hospitalized patients with COVID-19.

Methods
In this adaptive, phase 2/3, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, adults hospitalized with COVID-19 received intravenous sarilumab 400 mg or placebo. The phase 3 primary analysis population included patients with critical COVID-19 receiving mechanical ventilation (MV). The primary outcome was proportion of patients with ≥1-point improvement in clinical status from baseline to day 22.

Results
There were 457 and 1365 patients randomized and treated in phases 2 and 3, respectively. In phase 3, patients with critical COVID-19 receiving MV (n = 298; 28.2% on corticosteroids), the proportion with ≥1-point improvement in clinical status (alive, not receiving MV) at day 22 was 43.2% for sarilumab and 35.5% for placebo (risk difference, +7.5%; 95% confidence interval [CI], –7.4 to 21.3; P =.3261), a relative risk improvement of 21.7%. In post hoc analyses pooling phase 2 and 3 critical patients receiving MV, the hazard ratio for death for sarilumab vs placebo was 0.76 (95% CI, .51 to 1.13) overall and 0.49 (95% CI, .25 to .94) in patients receiving corticosteroids at baseline.

Conclusions
This study did not establish the efficacy of sarilumab in hospitalized patients with severe/critical COVID-19. Post hoc analyses were consistent with other studies that found a benefit of sarilumab in patients receiving corticosteroids.

Clinical Trials Registration
NCT04315298.
Case report: Two sisters with light-chain cardiac amyloidosis, a mere coincidence?
Authors: Cappuyns Sarah , Verbesselt Matthias , Van De Bruaene Alexander , Bogaert Jan , Michaux Lucienne , Delforge Michel 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Background
Light-chain amyloidosis has always been described as a sporadic disease caused by plasma cell dyscrasia. Cardiac amyloidosis refers to cardiac involvement with infiltration of amyloid fibrils in the myocardium. The degree of cardiac involvement is the greatest predictor of prognosis. To our knowledge, AL cardiac amyloidosis has only been reported once before in first-degree relatives.

Case summary
In this report, we describe the unusual cases of two sisters with light-chain cardiac amyloidosis. The first patient underwent autologous stem cell transplantation and remained in remission for 10 years until the disease relapsed and she died of end-stage heart failure. The second patient was promptly started on a chemotherapy regimen but died shortly after her initial diagnosis due to rapid progression of cardiac dysfunction.

Conclusion
Cardiac amyloidosis is a severe life-threatening condition which requires a multidisciplinary diagnostic and therapeutic approach. Based on this case report, a genetic cause for AL amyloidosis might be suspected or is this a purely coincidental finding? Counselling, screening, and follow-up of other family members are very challenging. As is often the case with rare diseases, many unsolved questions remain, representing important challenges for clinicians.
Percutaneous repositioning of Impella RP: the Snare–Manoeuvre–Prolapse technique—a case report
Authors: Patel Sandeep M 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Background
Impella RP (Abiomed, Danvers, MA, USA) is indicated for right ventricular failure after left ventricular assist device insertion or biventricular shock. Once the peel-away sheath is removed, Impella RP repositioning can only be achieved with manual manipulation of the catheter itself. This method does not always accomplish appropriate positioning of the catheter and can result in continued haemodynamic instability.

Case summary
A young male presented to our institution with recurrent ventricular fibrillation and ST-elevation myocardial infarction that underwent emergent coronary intervention but was in progressive cardiogenic shock requiring implantation of Impella 5.0 and Impella RP. After insertion of the right ventricular support, the patient stabilized transiently then became unstable once more, and repeat fluoroscopy demonstrated that the Impella RP had ‘fallen back’ into the right ventricle. Due to continued instability, we improvised a previously undescribed method of repositioning of the Impella RP catheter with the use of a goose-neck snare.

Discussion
The snare–manoeuvre–prolapse method of Impella RP repositioning is a relatively novel approach at the management of Impella RP retrograde migration into the right ventricle and prevents the need for large-bore venous closure and re-access and the use of a new Impella RP catheter while providing rapid improvement of haemodynamics.
Successful hybrid cardiac resynchronization therapy in a patient with failing systemic right ventricle and significant tricuspid regurgitation in transposition of the great arteries after atrial switch procedure according to Mustard
Authors: Nederend Marieke , Zeppenfeld Katja , Jongbloed Monique R M , Egorova Anastasia D 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Background
Patients with a systemic right ventricle (sRV) in the context of transposition of the great arteries (TGA) late after atrial switch are prone to heart failure. Complications like tricuspid valve regurgitation (TR) can further aggravate sRV dysfunction. Tricuspid valve regurgitation is usually secondary to annular dilatation and restriction. Criteria for cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) in this patient group are not well defined and should be considered on a case-by-case basis.

Case summary
We present a case of a 42-year-old male with sRV failure and TR in the context of TGA after atrial switch. Patient had progressive reduction in exercise capacity. Electrocardiogram showed a wide QRS complex (right bundle branch block configuration). Echocardiography showed significant TR and signs of electromechanical dyssynchrony of the failing sRV with severely reduced systolic function. He underwent heart catheterization and invasive haemodynamic evaluation to assess the potential benefit of CRT. During sequential atrial-sRV pacing, 20% increase in Dp/Dt was measured, suggesting that he would be a CRT responder. Concomitant angiography showed no baffle leakage nor obstructive coronary artery disease. Hybrid CRT-defibrillator implantation resulted in successful resynchronization and improved sRV function, reduced TR and better exercise capacity.

Discussion
Invasive haemodynamic contractility evaluation can help assess the potential benefit of CRT in patients with systemic right ventricular failure in the context of transposition of TGA after atrial switch. Successful CRT can result in improved sRV function, reduced TR and improved exercise capacity.
Repurposing low-dose naltrexone for the prevention and treatment of immunothrombosis in COVID-19
Authors: Pitt Bertram , Tate Ashley M , Gluck David , Rosenson Robert S , Goonewardena Sascha N 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is characterized by striking dysregulation of the immune system, with evidence of hyperinflammation, an impaired induction of interferons, and delayed adaptive immune responses. In addition to dysfunctional immune responses, thrombosis is a hallmark of severe COVID-19. Because traditional anticoagulation strategies are associated with increased bleeding, novel strategies that address both the immune and thrombotic dysfunction associated with COVID-19 would be of tremendous benefit. In this commentary, we discuss the unique properties of low dose naltrexone (LDN) which could be leveraged to reduce the immune-mediated thrombotic complications in COVID-19. Mechanistically, LDN can blunt innate immune responses and Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling, reducing interleukin1 (IL-1), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and interferon (IFN) levels. Because of the immune-mediated thrombotic mechanisms that underlie COVID-19, we hypothesize that the immune-modulating and known pharmacologic properties of LDN could be leveraged as a novel therapeutic strategy in COVID-19.
The panopticon of Germany’s foreign trade, 1880–1913: New facts on the first globalization
Authors: Hungerland Wolf-Fabian , Wolf Nikolaus 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
We present and analyze the panopticon of Germany’s foreign trade, with new data on all products, all trade partners, quantities, and values, at annual frequency, 1880–1913. Historical product categories are reclassified according to the Standard International Trade Classification (SITC) to ensure comparability over time and across countries. Germany became increasingly specialized in manufacturing, in line with theories of comparative advantage. However, most trade growth occurred along the extensive margin, and 20–25 percent of trade was intra-industry trade, at five-digit SITC. Both facts suggest substantial within-sector heterogeneity. We discuss why this matters for our understanding of the first globalization.
Non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants in older and frail patients with atrial fibrillation
Authors: Giugliano Robert P 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Elderly and frail patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) are at increased risk of thrombotic events, bleeding, and death compared to their counterparts, making their management challenging. With the introduction of non-vitamin K antagonist (VKA) oral anticoagulants (NOACs) in the past decade, the risk:benefit balance in such high-risk patients with AF has tipped in favor of treating these patients with anticoagulation, and in most cases with a NOAC instead of a VKA. In patients ≥75 years of age with AF, each of the 4 approved NOACs reduced stroke or systemic embolism and vs warfarin in their landmark clinical trial and lowered mortality. However, only apixaban and edoxaban significantly reduced major bleeding vs warfarin. A similar pattern was seen in even older cohorts (≥80 and ≥85 years). Among patients age ≥80 who are not candidates for oral anticoagulants at the approved dose, edoxaban 15 mg may be a reasonable alternative. In elderly or frail individuals who are on multiple comedications (particularly if ≥1 moderate or strong cytochrome P-450 inhibitor), only edoxaban consistently reduced major bleeding compared to warfarin. Regardless of the specific OAC selected, appropriate dosing in the elderly (who frequently qualify for dose reduction per the prescribing label) is critical. In elderly and frail patients with AF, factors that may modify the efficacy-safety profile of specific oral OACs should be carefully considered to permit the optimal selection and dosing in these vulnerable patients.