bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Not waiting for the death knell. A pilot study to examine supplementation and survivorship in a declining population of Tasmanian eastern quoll (Dasyurus viverrinus).
Authors: Hamer Rowena P , Robinson Natasha , Brewster Rob , Barlow Molly , Guinane Morrigan , Humphrey Morgan , Mifsud Adrian , Kutt Alex S. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Tasmanian populations of the eastern quoll Dasyurus viverrinus, which represent the last wild stronghold of this species after its extirpation from the Australian mainland, have experienced declines of more than 50% over the past three decades. In this pilot study, we investigate the feasibility of supplementing wild populations with captive-bred individuals to attempt to reverse observed declines. Our results are encouraging, in that we recorded high initial survival and low initial dispersal of captive-bred individuals relative to previous release attempts in mainland Australia. Further work is ongoing to determine long-term survival of released individuals and the genetic and population-level impacts on local populations. Our preliminary results support the use of population supplementation as an effective conservation action, which allows for early intervention to address species declines while simultaneously testing hypotheses about their underlying causes.
68Ga-FAPI improves tumor staging in patients with colorectal cancer: comparing to 18F-FDG PET/CT
Authors: Lin Xinfeng , Li Yingjie , Wang Shuailiang , Zhang Yan , Chen Xuetao , Wei Maomao , Zhu Hua , Wu Aiwen , Yang Zhi , Wang Xuejuan 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Gallium-68 (68Ga)-labeled fibroblast-activation protein inhibitor (FAPI) is a novel tracer that binds fibroblast-activation protein (FAP), which is overexpressed in colorectal cancers with a prominent stroma including cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). The present study aimed to compare the diagnostic performance of 68Ga-FAPI positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) with that of fluorine-18 (18F)-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT in primary and metastatic colorectal cancer lesions.
Methods
This prospective study included the image analyses of 37 patients with colorectal cancer who were sequentially evaluated using PET/CT with 18F-FDG and 68Ga-FAPI. Tracer uptakes were compared using Wilcoxon’s signed-rank test.
Results
The cohort comprised 37 patients, including 18 treatment-naïve patients and 19 post-treatment patients. In primary colorectal cancer lesions, the average 68Ga-FAPI and 18F-FDG maximum standardized uptake values (SUVmax) were 12.5 ± 4.8 and 13.2 ± 5.7 (P = 0.38), respectively, in the treatment-naïve group and 6.0 ± 4.3 and 7.9 ± 7.2, respectively, in the neoadjuvant chemotherapy group (P = 0.09); the detection rate was 100% with both tracers (18/18). The SUVmax value of 68Ga-FAPI in signet-ring/mucinous carcinomas (12.3 ± 5.2) was higher than that of 18F-FDG (8.3 ± 4.0) (P = 0.03). In addition, the average 68Ga-FAPI uptake was lower than that of 18F-FDG in poorly differentiated carcinomas (12.7 ± 3.7 vs. 18.1 ± 4.1, P = 0.04). Compared with 18F-FDG PET/CT, clinical TNM staging based on 68Ga-FAPI PET/CT led to upstaging in 6 patients (16.2%) and downstaging in 3 patients (8.1%). In peritoneal and liver metastases, both the SUVmax and the target/background ratio were higher with 68Ga-FAPI compared to 18F-FDG (3.7 vs. 2.6, P = 0.02, and 6.5 vs. 0.89, P = 0.01, respectively).
Conclusion
As a novel PET/CT tracer, 68Ga-FAPI showed its advantage in the detection of lymph nodes, and distant metastases, which improved staging of CRC.
International disparity of mental disorders burden: New trends of global mental health disparity
Authors: ZHU Huijie , JIANG Haojun , ZHU Zhiping , YAO Zhaoyu 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: Mental illness had been a worldwide concern. Global Mental Health (GMH) had become a movement to fight for Global health inequality. In low-income country, adequate and quality mental health infrastructure, mental health services are not provided equitably to people with mental disorders.Methods: We used the data of global burden of 204countries from 1990 to 2019 in Global Burden of Disease database. The Years Lived with Disability (YLDs) due to mental disorders was treated as an indicator of national mental health. In the GBD Results Tool toolkit provided by the Institute of Health Measurement and Evaluation, retrieved and visualized the data in global burden of disease data. In addition, we used correlation analysis to analyze the correlation between the burden of mental illness and the level of national development.Results: It is found that, mental health had been a global issue which showing a gradual upward trend. There is a significant positive and moderate correlation between national development and the burden of mental disorder. The better the national development, the higher the YLDs Rate caused by mental disorders. The burden of mental illness in low-income countries is not high, but the rate of increase is relatively fast, while the burden of mental illness in low- and middle-income countries is relatively high, but the rate of decrease is apparent.Conclusion: The burden of mental disorders in developed countries is relatively high, but it has shown a downward trend. However, although the burden of mental disorders in developing countries is not large, the growth rate is relatively fast. This may be related to mental health policy. It is high time to notice that mental health had been a global issue. Global mental health movement should be done to narrow the gap between different countries, especially in developing countries.
Visualization of Learning-induced Synaptic Plasticity in Output Neurons of the Drosophila Mushroom Body γ-Lobe
Authors: Hancock Clare E. , Rostami Vahid , Nawrot Martin P. , Fiala André 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
By learning, through experience, which stimuli coincide with dangers, it is possible to predict outcomes and act pre-emptively to ensure survival. In insects, this process is localized to the mushroom body (MB), the circuitry of which facilitates the coincident detection of sensory stimuli and punishing or rewarding cues and, downstream, the execution of appropriate learned behaviors. Here, we focused our attention on the mushroom body output neurons (MBONs) of the γ-lobes that act as downstream synaptic partners of the MB γ-Kenyon cells (KCs) to ask how the output of the MB γ-lobe is shaped by olfactory associative conditioning, distinguishing this from non-associative stimulus exposure effects, and without the influence of downstream modulation. This was achieved by employing a subcellularly localized calcium sensor to specifically monitor activity at MBON postsynaptic sites. Therein, we identified a robust associative modulation within only one MBON postsynaptic compartment (MBON-γ1pedc>α/β), which displayed a suppressed postsynaptic response to an aversively paired odor. While this MBON did not undergo non-associative modulation, the reverse was true across the remainder of the γ-lobe, where general odor-evoked adaptation was observed, but no conditioned odor-specific modulation. In conclusion, associative synaptic plasticity underlying olfactory learning is localized to one distinct synaptic KC-to-MBON connection.
Whole-body Functional and Traditional Resistance Training are equally effective in increasing Muscular Fitness and Performance Variables in Untrained Young Men
Authors: zuo chongwen , Li Qing , Zhang Li , Bo Shumin 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
BackgroundFunctional resistance training (FRT) has been proposed as a safety alternative to traditional resistance training (TRT) for increasing neuromuscular adaptation capacity and improving certain muscular strength and competitive performance. The present study we sought to compare the effects of 6 weeks of whole-body functional and traditional resistance training on muscular fitness and performance variables in untrained young men.Methods29 untrained healthy young males aged 18–29 years who were randomly assigned to 6 weeks of functional resistance training (at 40% 1RM, 4-5sets of 20 repetitions, 3 times/week) or traditional training (at 70% 1RM, 4-5sets of 12 repetitions, 3 times/week). All subjects underwent numerous tests before and after the 6-week training such as upper and lower limb circumferences, maximal strength (barbell squat, bench press, dead lift, right leg flexion), power (throwing ability, jumping ability) and physical performance (sprint achievement, pull-up, handgrip strength). Internal training load variables was assessed by ratings of perceived exertion (RPE).Results(1) Both resistance training protocols improved muscular fitness and physical performance, no difference was observed between groups. However, only TRT protocols decreased body mass (-1.5kg, p < 0.05) and BMI (-0.5 kg/m2, p < 0.05). Internal training load variables between groups were no difference over a 6 weeks training period.ConclusionsIn conclusion, there is no difference between 6 weeks of whole-body functional resistance training compared to traditional resistance training on muscular fitness and performance.Trial registration: ChiCTR2100048485. Registered 09 July 2021, http://http://www.chictr.org.cn/
Mobile Phone Virtual Reality Game for Pediatric Home Burn Dressing Pain Management: A Randomized Feasibility Clinical Trial
Authors: Armstrong Megan , Lun Jonathan , Groner Jonathan I , Thakkar Rajan K , Fabia Renata , Noffsinger Dana , Ni Ai , Xiang Henry 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: Virtual Reality (VR) gaming is considered a safe and effective alternative to standard pain alleviation in the hospital. This study will address the effectiveness and feasibility of a VR game that was developed by our research team for repeated at-home burn dressing changes. Methods: A randomized clinical trial was conducted among patients recruited from the outpatient burn clinic of a large American Burn Association–verified pediatric burn center between September 2019 and June 2021. We included English-speaking burn patients 5-17 years old requiring daily dressing changes for at least one week after first outpatient dressing change. One group played an interactive VR game during dressing changes, while the other utilized standard distraction techniques available in the home for up to a week. Both child and caretaker were asked to assess perceived pain on a scale of 1-10. For the VR group, patients were also asked to rate various aspects of the VR game on a scale of 1-10 and caregivers were asked questions assessing ease of use.Results: A total of 35 children were recruited for this study with 24 fully completing study measures. The majority of participants were male (54.3%), White (82.9%), and with second degree burns (94.4%). Children and caregivers in the VR group reported less pain than the control group at the 4th dressing change. Participants in the VR group showed a clinically meaningful (≥30%) reduction in child reported overall pain (33.3%) and caregiver reported worst pain (31.6%). Children’s satisfaction with the VR remained at a high level across dressing changes, with reported realism and engagement increasing over time. Over half of the children (54.5%) enjoyed playing the game and did not report any challenges.Conclusions: Subjects found the VR to be a useful distraction during home dressing changes and reported no challenges. VR should be considered as a nonpharmacologic companion for pain management during at-home burn dressing changes.Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04548635. Registered September 14, 2020 – Retrospectively registered, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04548635
A Pan-Genome Data Structure Induced by Pooled Sequencing Facilitates Variant Mining in Heterogeneous Germplasm
Authors: Reeves Patrick A. , Richards Christopher M. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Valuable genetic variation lies unused in gene banks due to the difficulty of exploiting heterogeneous germplasm accessions. Advances in molecular breeding, including transgenics and genome editing, present the opportunity to exploit hidden sequence variation directly. Here we describe the pangenome data structure induced by wholegenome sequencing of pooled individuals from wild populations of Patellifolia spp., a source of disease resistance genes for the related crop species sugar beet (Beta vulgaris). We represent the pangenome of a heterogeneous population sample as a set of phased reads mapped to a reference genome assembly derived from the sequence pool or other sources. We show that this basic data structure can be queried by homology to identify short haplotypic variants present in the wild relative, at genes of agronomic interest in the crop. Further we demonstrate the possibility of cataloging short haplotypic variation in all Patellifolia genomic regions that have corresponding single copy orthologous regions in sugar beet. The data structure, termed a "phased read archive", can be produced, altered, and queried using standard tools to facilitate discovery of agronomicallyimportant sequence variation in heterogeneous germplasm.
Discovery of Canine Drug Toceranib Phosphate as a Repurposed Agent against Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: qiao ling , Qin Siyuan , Weng Ningna , Li Bowen , Luo Maochao , Zhang Zhe , Zhou Li , Jiang Cen , Huang Canhua 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an aggressive malignancy worldwide with a poor clinical outcome. There are limited therapeutic options currently available for those diagnosed with terminal HCC and therefore incorporating novel agents into standard-of-care regimens is urgently needed. In contrast to de novo drug discovery, the strategy of repurposing already-approved compounds initially designed to treat animals, which share similarities in disease-associated characteristics with humans (i.e., dogs), might yield substantial advantages in terms of efficacy and safety. Given the evidence for clinical efficacy of toceranib phosphate (TOC) against canine carcinomas, we aimed to investigate its potential therapeutic effects on human HCC and the mechanisms involved.
Methods
We evaluated the antitumor effects of TOC using human HCC cell-line and cell line-derived xenograft models. Changes in autophagic response upon TOC exposure were quantified through immunoblotting and immunofluorescence analysis. The role of TOC-triggered autophagy was addressed via pharmacological and genetic inhibition.
Results
TOC, an approved canine drug, exhibited potent antitumor activity against human HCC cells by stimulating apoptosis in vitro and in vivo, which was accompanied by a concomitant increase in autophagic flux. Artificially blocking the TOC-triggered autophagy, either by pharmacologically using autophagy inhibitors or genetic interference, significantly inhibited cellular proliferation in vitro and decreased tumor burden in vivo, indicating a protective role of autophagy against TOC-mediated HCC cell death. This role played by TOC-induced autophagy was further linked to the inactivation of Akt/mTOR pathway that can be largely attributed to the upregulation of matricellular protein Cyr61 in HCC cells. Moreover, in vivo and in vitro treatment with standard systemic therapeutic sorafenib plus TOC resulted in pronounced synergistic effects on HCC cells.
Conclusions
Our results elucidate a newly identified therapeutic potential of TOC in treating HCC, sparking a growing interest in repurposing such canine drugs for human use.
Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells Grown in 3D Micro-environment Ameliorate Acute Liver Injury by Immunoregulation and Proliferation Promotion
Authors: Zhang Junhong , Zhou Junqi , Peng Yan , Mohsin Ali , Luo Yanxia , Zhuang Yingpng , Guo Meijin 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been widely used for inflammatory diseases like acute liver injury (ALI) and COVID-19 diseases. However, most MSCs instead of the cell-matrix are cultured in 2 D plates, resulting in degeneration of some key functions along with a limited understanding of the immune response in tissue repairing. Herein, we obtained the human umbilical cord MSCs grown on microcarriers in 3 D suspension culture (3 D hUCMSCs) that proved more appreciative than 2 D hUCMSCs for the ALI therapy.
Methods
hUCMSCs were isolated and respectively cultured in 2 D plates and 3 D microcarriers in vitro, and acute liver injury model in mice was used to evaluate tissue repairing ability of the transplanted hUCMSCs. Nitric oxide production, cell proliferation and the relative protein expression level were comprehensively evaluated. Besides, the cytokine expression level in the of serum mice was detected by quantitative RT-PCR and cytokine antibody chip.
Results
When transplanted with 3 D hUCMSCs in ALI mice, the injured liver tissues have a significantly-increased histological scores and enhanced animal’s body/liver weight, superior to the 2 D hUCMSCs and control group. Pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-1β, IL-17, IL-22 and TNF-α), apoptosis promoter IFN-g, and NO production declined when transplanted with 3D hUCMSCs compared to the control group. Besides, anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10) was up-regulated.
Conclusion
Both the 3 D hUCMSCs and the conditioned medium were more favorable for the therapy of acute liver injury (ALI). Triple regulatory roles of the 3 D hUCMSCs include the effective promotion of M1/M2 macrophage switch through increased secreting of anti-inflammatory cytokines, ameliorating proliferation and NO downregulation of macrophage. A balance of these cytokines in the conditioned medium of 3 D hUCMSCs played a key role in ALI repairing. It was proven that the 3 D hUCMSCs could trigger the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and STAT3 signaling pathways. Conclusively, the revelation of the superior moderating effect of 3 D hUCMSCs and possible regulatory mechanisms will improve the clinical efficacy of stem cell therapy for inflammatory and immunological diseases.
HMGN5 escorts oncogenic STAT3 signaling by regulating chromatin landscape in tumorigenesis of breast cancer
Authors: Mou Jiahui , Huang Meijun , Wang Feifei , Xu Xiaoding , Xie Hanqi , Lu Henglei , Li Mingyang , Li Yu , Kong Weiwen , Chen Jing , Xiao Ying , Chen Yiding , Wang Chaochen , Ren Jin 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: Cancer progression is highly dependent on the ability of cancer cell tumor formation, in which epigenetic modulation plays an essential role. However, the epigenetic factors promoting breast tumor formation are less known. Screened from 3D-sphere tumor formation model, HMGN5 which regulates chromatin structures became the candidate therapeutic targets in breast cancer, though its role is obscure. Methods: The differential molecular profiles of 2D- and 3D-cultured breast cancer cell spheres were analyzed by mass spectrometry. Meanwhile, the prognostic relevance of HMGN5 was evaluated by examining the expression of HMGN5 in TCGA and a tissue microarray. Then, the oncogenic role of HMGN5 was investigated by CCK-8, trans-well, tumor sphere formation assays in vitro, and xenograft tumor growth and invasion assays in vivo. RNA-seq, Cut & Tag and bioinformatics analysis were performed to explore the molecular mechanism of HMGN5 in tumorigenesis. Luciferase reporter assays and ChIP-qPCR were performed to study the regulation of HMGN5 by STAT3. Moreover, nanoparticle-packaged siRNAs targeting HMGN5 were used to test the therapeutic effect in xenograft tumor model.Results: HMGN5 is highly expressed in 3D-spheres of breast cancer cells and clinical tumors, also an unfavorable prognostic marker in patients. Furthermore, HMGN5 controls tumor formation and metastasis of breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, HMGN5 is governed by active STAT3 transcriptionally and further escorts STAT3 to shape oncogenic chromatin landscape and transcriptional program. More importantly, interference of HMGN5 by nanoparticle-packaged siRNA effectively inhibit tumor growth in breast cancer cell-derived xenograft mice model. Conclusion: Our findings reveal a novel feed-forward circuit between HMGN5 and STAT3 in promoting breast cancer tumorigenesis and suggest HMGN5 as a novel epigenetic therapeutic-target in STAT3-hyperactive breast cancer.
Occupations on the map: Using a super learner algorithm to downscale labor statistics
Authors: Dijk Michiel van , de Lange Thijs , Leeuwen Paul van , Debie Philippe 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Detailed and accurate labor market statistics are fundamental to support social policies that aim to improve the match between labor supply and demand, and support the creation of jobs. Despite overwhelming evidence that labor activities are distributed unevenly across space, detailed statistics on the geographical distribution of labor and work are not readily available. To fill this gap, we demonstrated an approach to create fine-scale gridded occupation maps by means of downscaling district-level labor statistics informed by remote sensing and other spatial information. We applied a super learner algorithm that combines the results of different machine learning models to predict the shares of six major occupation categories and the labor force participation rate at a resolution of 30 arc seconds (1x1 km) in Vietnam. The results are subsequently combined with gridded information on the working-age population to produce maps of the number of workers per occupation. The super learners outperform (n =4) or have similar (n = 3) accuracy in comparison to best-performing single machine learning algorithms. A comparison with an independent high-resolution wealth index showed that the shares of the four low-skilled occupation categories (91% of the labor force), were able to explain between 27% and 45% of the spatial variation in wealth in Vietnam, pointing at a strong spatial relationship between work, income and wealth. The proposed downscaling approach can also be applied to produce maps of other (labor) statistics, which are only available at aggregated levels