bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of related factors between the occurrence of secondary epidermoid cyst of penis and circumcision
Authors: Yu JiangFan , Tang Rui , Ding Ke 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSecondary epidermoid cyst of the penis is a very rare epidermoid cyst that occurs in the penis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the occurrence of secondary epidermoid cyst of penis and circumcision-related factors, and to provide possible reasonable and effective suggestions for circumcision. The data of all patients who visited the clinic for epidermoid cysts of the penis from September 2000 to September 2021 in Xiangya Hospital were collected. A retrospective study was carried out on whether the patients had been circumcised and the surgical method, anesthesia method, cyst location, surgical age, postoperative wound infection, whether they were phimosis patients, and the level of the surgeon. Among the 24 patients followed up, 95.8% had a history of circumcision, and only 4.2% had no history of circumcision, and the more traumatic surgical methods developed secondary epidermoid cyst of the penis after surgery the higher the probability. Injecting anesthesia at the base of the penis increases the chances of developing a secondary epidermoid cyst of the penis. Postoperative secondary epidermoid cyst of the penis were mainly located in the anterior segment and posterior segment, and the anterior segment had a higher proportion, followed by the posterior segment. Secondary epidermoid cyst of the penis occur mainly in adults. Postoperative wound infection accelerates the appearance of secondary epidermoid cyst of the penis. Patients with phimosis have an increased probability of developing secondary epidermoid cysts of the penis after surgery. The incidence of secondary epidermoid cysts and postoperative infection after manual circumcision by the attending physician was higher than that of the chief physician. Circumcision, injection of anesthesia at the base of the penis, ligation of the penis, and postoperative wound infection may be the etiologies and triggers of secondary epidermoid cysts of the penis. Adults and phimosis patients may be high-risk groups. Lower-level surgeons may increase the odds of postoperative secondary epidermoid cysts of the penis, and it is recommended that surgery be performed by a clinically-experienced, higher-level surgeon. The indications for circumcision should be strictly evaluated and the operation should be performed as soon as possible, and the less invasive surgical method and anesthesia method should be selected. Reduce irrelevant operations during surgery and avoid wound infection after surgery.
Digit ratio (2D:4D) and maternal testosterone-to-estradiol ratio measured in early pregnancy
Authors: Richards Gareth , Aydin Ezra , Tsompanidis Alex , Padaigaitė Eglė , Austin Topun , Allison Carrie , Holt Rosemary , Baron-Cohen Simon 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe ratio of index to ring finger (2D:4D) has been hypothesised to indicate prenatal androgen exposure, yet evidence for its validity is lacking. We report the first pre-registered study to investigate mothers’ early pregnancy sex hormone concentrations in relation to their children’s digit ratios measured at 18–22-month follow-up. Although the testosterone (T) to estradiol (E) ratio correlated negatively with right hand digit ratio (R2D:4D) and directional asymmetry (right-minus-left) in digit ratio (D[R−L]), neither effect remained statistically significant once demographic and obstetric covariates were controlled for. Nevertheless, the multivariate level of analysis did reveal that T correlated positively with left hand digit ratio (L2D:4D) and negatively with D[R−L]. However, the first of these effects is in the opposite direction to that predicted by theory. Taken together, the results of our study suggest research with larger samples is required to determine whether digit ratios are valid proxies for maternal sex hormone exposure.
Unveiling four decades of intensifying precipitation from tropical cyclones using satellite measurements
Authors: Shearer Eric J. , Afzali Gorooh Vesta , Nguyen Phu , Hsu Kuo-Lin , Sorooshian Soroosh 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIncreases in precipitation rates and volumes from tropical cyclones (TCs) caused by anthropogenic warming are predicted by climate modeling studies and have been identified in several high intensity storms occurring over the last half decade. However, it has been difficult to detect historical trends in TC precipitation at time scales long enough to overcome natural climate variability because of limitations in existing precipitation observations. We introduce an experimental global high-resolution climate data record of precipitation produced using infrared satellite imagery and corrected at the monthly scale by a gauge-derived product that shows generally good performance during two hurricane case studies but estimates higher mean precipitation rates in the tropics than the evaluation datasets. General increases in mean and extreme rainfall rates during the study period of 1980–2019 are identified, culminating in a 12–18%/40-year increase in global rainfall rates. Overall, all basins have experienced intensification in precipitation rates. Increases in rainfall rates have boosted the mean precipitation volume of global TCs by 7–15% over 40 years, with the starkest rises seen in the North Atlantic, South Indian, and South Pacific basins (maximum 59–64% over 40 years). In terms of inland rainfall totals, year-by-year trends are generally positive due to increasing TC frequency, slower decay over land, and more intense rainfall, with an alarming increase of 81–85% seen from the strongest global TCs. As the global trend in precipitation rates follows expectations from warming sea surface temperatures (11.1%/°C), we hypothesize that the observed trends could be a result of anthropogenic warming creating greater concentrations of water vapor in the atmosphere, though retrospective studies of TC dynamics over the period are needed to confirm.
Matrix stiffness and architecture drive fibro-adipogenic progenitors’ activation into myofibroblasts
Authors: Loomis Taryn , Hu Lin-Ya , Wohlgemuth Ross P. , Chellakudam Rosemary R. , Muralidharan Pooja D. , Smith Lucas R. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractFibro-adipogenic progenitors (FAPs) are essential in supporting regeneration in skeletal muscle, but in muscle pathologies FAPs the are main source of excess extracellular matrix (ECM) resulting in fibrosis. Fibrotic ECM has altered mechanical and architectural properties, but the feedback onto FAPs of stiffness or ECM properties is largely unknown. In this study, FAPs’ sensitivity to their ECM substrate was assessed using collagen coated polyacrylamide to control substrate stiffness and collagen hydrogels to engineer concentration, crosslinking, fibril size, and alignment. FAPs on substrates of fibrotic stiffnesses had increased myofibroblast activation, depicted by αSMA expression, compared to substrates mimicking healthy muscle, which correlated strongly YAP nuclear localization. Surprisingly, fibrosis associated collagen crosslinking and larger fibril size inhibited myofibroblast activation, which was independent of YAP localization. Additionally, collagen crosslinking and larger fibril diameters were associated with decreased remodeling of the collagenous substrate as measured by second harmonic generation imaging. Inhibition of YAP activity through verteporfin reduced myofibroblast activation on stiff substrates but not substrates with altered architecture. This study is the first to demonstrate that fibrotic muscle stiffness can elicit FAP activation to myofibroblasts through YAP signaling. However, fibrotic collagen architecture actually inhibits myofibroblast activation through a YAP independent mechanism. These data expand knowledge of FAPs sensitivity to ECM and illuminate targets to block FAP’s from driving progression of muscle fibrosis.
The quality-adjusted life-years in the oncological patients’ health-related quality of life
Authors: Kucnerowicz Karolina , Pietrzak Agata , Cholewiński Witold , Martenka Piotr , Marszałek Andrzej , Burchardt Ewa , Strzesak Erwin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe oncological treatment can significantly affect patients’ health-related quality of life (HRQoL), which should be monitored to ensure our patients’ well-being. The often-used HRQoL measurer is the quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) indicator of the disease burden, describing both quality and quantity of life lived. The main aim of the study was to discuss the methodology and usefulness of evaluating QALYs using the HRQoL questionnaires: EuroQoL (EQ)-5 dimensions-3 levels (EQ-5D-3L) and EQ visual analogue scale (EQ-VAS) in 32 cervical cancer patients. We obtained the questionnaire and calculated QALYs based on the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) method. In our study, the total scoring of the EQ-Index, EQ-VAS evaluation was 2620 and 2409 points, respectively, which corresponds with the QALYs value of 26.2 and 24.9, respectively. We expressed the QALYs outcome into the economic equivalent of nearly 900,000 US dollars (USD) as the total health profit for both the patients and the healthcare system. Obtaining the QALY factor can help establish the medical management’s influence on the patients’ HRQoL and improve the healthcare services to ensure the best health outcomes.
Quality assessment and chemical diversity of Australian propolis from Apis mellifera bees
Authors: Tran Chau T. N. , Brooks Peter R. , Bryen Tahmikha J. , Williams Simon , Berry Jessica , Tavian Fiona , McKee Ben , Tran Trong D. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe propolis industry is well established in European, South American and East Asian countries. Within Australia, this industry is beginning to emerge with a few small-scale producers. To contribute to the development of the Australian propolis industry, the present study aimed to examine the quality and chemical diversity of propolis collected from various regions across Australia. The results of testing 158 samples indicated that Australian propolis had pure resin yielding from 2 to 81% by weight, total phenolic content and total flavonoid content in one gram of dry extract ranging from a few up to 181 mg of gallic acid equivalent and 145 mg of quercetin equivalent, respectively. Some Australian propolis showed more potent antioxidant activity than the well-known Brazilian green, Brazilian red, and Uruguayan and New Zealand poplar-type propolis in an in vitro DPPH assay. In addition, an HPLC–UV analysis resulted in the identification of 16 Australian propolis types which can be considered as high-grade propolis owing to their high total phenolic content. Chemometric analysis of their 1H NMR spectra revealed that propolis originating from the eastern and western coasts of Australia could be significantly discriminated based on their chemical composition.
C-terminal truncation modulates α-Synuclein’s cytotoxicity and aggregation by promoting the interactions with membrane and chaperone
Authors: Zhang Cai , Pei Yunshan , Zhang Zeting , Xu Lingling , Liu Xiaoli , Jiang Ling , Pielak Gary J. , Zhou Xin , Liu Maili , Li Conggang 
Published: August 2022

Abstractα-Synuclein (α-syn) is the main protein component of Lewy bodies, the major pathological hallmarks of Parkinson’s disease (PD). C-terminally truncated α-syn is found in the brain of PD patients, reduces cell viability and tends to form fibrils. Nevertheless, little is known about the mechanisms underlying the role of C-terminal truncation on the cytotoxicity and aggregation of α-syn. Here, we use nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to show that the truncation alters α-syn conformation, resulting in an attractive interaction of the N-terminus with membranes and molecular chaperone, protein disulfide isomerase (PDI). The truncated protein is more toxic to mitochondria than full-length protein and diminishes the effect of PDI on α-syn fibrillation. Our findings reveal a modulatory role for the C-terminus in the cytotoxicity and aggregation of α-syn by interfering with the N-terminus binding to membranes and chaperone, and provide a molecular basis for the pathological role of C-terminal truncation in PD pathogenesis.
Quantum critical fluctuations in an Fe-based superconductor
Authors: Jost Daniel , Peis Leander , He Ge , Baum Andreas , Geprägs Stephan , Palmstrom Johanna C. , Ikeda Matthias S. , Fisher Ian R. , Wolf Thomas , Lederer Samuel , Kivelson Steven A. , Hackl Rudi 
Published: August 2022

AbstractQuantum critical fluctuations may prove to play an instrumental role in the formation of unconventional superconductivity. Here, we show that the characteristic scaling of a marginal Fermi liquid is present in inelastic light scattering data of an Fe-based superconductor tuned through a quantum critical point (QCP) by chemical substitution or doping. From the doping dependence of the imaginary time dynamics we are able to distinguish regions dominated by quantum critical behavior from those having classical critical responses. This dichotomy reveals a connection between the marginal Fermi liquid behavior and quantum criticality. In particular, the overlap between regions of high superconducting transition temperatures and quantum critical scaling suggests a contribution from quantum fluctuations to the formation of superconductivity.
Unexpected high carbon losses in a continental glacier foreland on the Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Zhang Jiejie , Ma Anzhou , Zhou Hanchang , Chen Xianke , Zhou Xiaorong , Liu Guohua , Zhuang Xuliang , Qin Xiang , Priemé Anders , Zhuang Guoqiang 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Closely related with microbial activities, soil developments along the glacier forelands are generally considered a carbon sink; however, those of continental glacier forelands remain unclear. Continental glaciers are characterized by dry conditions and low temperature that limit microbial growth. We investigated the carbon characteristics along a chronosequence of the Laohugou Glacier No. 12 foreland, a typical continental glacier on the Tibetan Plateau, by analyzing soil bacterial community structure and microbial carbon-related functional potentials. We found an unexpected carbon loss in which soil organic carbon decreased from 22.21 g kg−1 to 10.77 g kg−1 after receding 50 years. Structural equation modeling verified the important positive impacts from bacterial community. Lower carbon fixation efficiency along the chronosequence was supported by less autotrophic bacteria and carbon fixation genes relating to the reductive tricarboxylic acid cycle. Lower carbon availability and higher carbon requirements were identified by an increasing bacterial copy number and a shift of the dominant bacterial community from Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes (r-strategists) to Actinobacteria and Acidobacteria (K-strategists). Our findings show that the carbon loss of continental glacier foreland was significantly affected by the changes of bacterial community, and can help to avoid overestimating the carbon sink characteristics of glacier forelands in climate models.
Biopolymer based artificial synapses enable linear conductance tuning and low-power for neuromorphic computing
Authors: Zhang Ke , Xue Qi , Zhou Chao , Mo Wanneng , Chen Chun-Chao , Li Ming , Hang Tao 
Published: August 2022

The mitigating effects of synaptic nonlinearity and low power through AgNO3 doping was achieved in the biomaterial based artificial synapse.
Exceptional Speech Recognition Outcomes After Cochlear Implantation: Lessons From Two Case Studies
Authors: Herbert Carolyn J. , Pisoni David B. , Kronenberger William G. , Nelson Rick F. 
Published: August 2022

Purpose:
Individual differences and variability in outcomes following cochlear implantation (CI) in patients with hearing loss remain significant unresolved clinical problems. Case reports of specific individuals allow for detailed examination of the information processing mechanisms underlying variability in outcomes. Two adults who displayed exceptionally good postoperative CI outcomes shortly after activation were administered a novel battery of auditory, speech recognition, and neurocognitive processing tests.

Method:
A case study of two adult CI recipients with postlingually acquired hearing loss who displayed excellent postoperative speech recognition scores within 3 months of initial activation. Preoperative City University of New York sentence testing and a postoperative battery of sensitive speech recognition tests were combined with auditory and visual neurocognitive information processing tests to uncover their strengths, weaknesses, and milestones.

Results:
Preactivation CUNY auditory-only (A) scores were < 5% correct while the auditory + visual (A + V) scores were > 74%. Acoustically with their CIs, both participants' scores on speech recognition, environmental sound identification and speech in noise tests exceeded average CI users scores by 1–2 standard deviations. On nonacoustic visual measures of language and neurocognitive functioning, both participants achieved above average scores compared with normal hearing adults in vocabulary knowledge, rapid phonological coding of visually presented words and nonwords, verbal working memory, and executive functioning.

Conclusions:
Measures of multisensory (A + V) speech recognition and visual neurocognitive functioning were associated with excellent speech recognition outcomes in two postlingual adult CI recipients. These neurocognitive information processing domains may underlie the exceptional speech recognition performance of these two patients and offer new directions for research explaining variability in postimplant outcomes. Results further suggest that current clinical outcome measures should be expanded beyond the conventional speech recognition measures to include more sensitive robust tests of speech recognition as well as neurocognitive measures of working memory, vocabulary, lexical access, and executive functioning.
Impact of fuel price increasing policies on fuel smuggling and acceptance of green cars: A case study of Iran
Authors: Shaterabadi Mohammad , Jirdehi Mehdi Ahmadi , Amiri Nima 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis paper investigates a study on the efforts made by Iranian government to carry out the Kyoto protocol obligations (reducing pollution by about 54% by 2030). However, the devaluation of the national currency because of sanctions, prohibition of transactions, and a decrease in oil revenues and derivatives has caused problems in achieving this goal. Hence, on 15 November, 2019, Iranian Government decided to increase the fuel price by about 300% to simultaneously reduce environmental pollution and fuel smuggling. The final results show that smuggling is decreased by about 15%. Also, quotas and increased fuel prices caused daily fuel consumption to decrease significantly from 94 to 74 million litres per day. Despite the reduction in fuel consumption, little change is taking place as most pollution is due to diesel and worn‐out vehicles. The increase in fuel prices increases the producer and consumer price index by 1.54% and 2.62%, respectively. Inflation in consumer prices also reaches 15.92%. However, the currency exchange rate and its impact on import products can shift this to 102.15%. Also, because of the shortage of people's income, domestic automakers’ weaknesses, high tax cost of imported cars, and sanctions, most people prefer compressed natural gas (CNG) and public transportation.
Sehr geehrte Kolleginnen und Kollegen,
Authors: Jacobs Collin 
Published: August 2022

Sehr geehrte Kolleginnen und Kollegen,ich freue mich, Ihnen die zweite Ausgabe der IOK dieses Jahres präsentieren
zu dürfen. Als Thema für diese Ausgabe habe ich die
Molaren-Inzisiven-Hypomineralisation (MIH) gewählt. Seit vielen Jahren
beschäftigt sich die Kinder- und Jugendzahnheilkunde mit diesem Gebiet.
Dieses Krankheitsbild hat mittlerweile eine sehr hohe klinische Relevanz erreicht
und scheint in Ihrer Prävalenz das Auftreten von Karies überholt zu
haben. Die vorliegenden Beiträge geben einen Einblick in die heutige
Klassifikation (2016) der MIH, das klinische Erscheinungsbild, die Diagnostik und
die möglichen Therapiemethoden.
Der Stellenwert von synthetischen Netzen und biologischen Matrices in
der Implantat-basierten Brustrekonstruktion
Authors: Weinzierl Andrea , Schmauss Daniel , Harder Yves 
Published: August 2022

ZusammenfassungDie Implantat-basierte Brustrekonstruktion (IBBR) entwickelt sich stetig weiter
und hat insbesondere durch den steigenden Einsatz synthetischer Netze und
biologischer Matrices in den letzten Jahren neue Impulse bekommen. Der Einsatz
solcher Netze und Matrices in der subpektoralen und präpektoralen IBBR
hat durch eine verbesserte Platzierung und Weichteildeckung der verwendeten
Implantate zu niedrigeren Komplikationsraten und guten ästhetischen
Ergebnissen geführt. Inzwischen hat eine große Zahl
verschiedener biologischer Matrices und synthetischer Netze Eingang in die
klinische Nutzung gefunden, die sich in Material, Prozessierung,
Größe und Kosten unterscheiden. Ziel dieser
Übersichtsarbeit ist es, diese Netze in den Kontext der rekonstruktiven
Brustchirurgie einzuordnen und einen Überblick über die Vor- und
Nachteile bei deren Einsatz zu geben.
Höher-intensive Bewegung im Alltag und ihr Potenzial
für die Bewegungsförderung
Authors: Wallmann-Sperlich Birgit 
Published: August 2022

ZusammenfassungDer vorliegende Beitrag betrachtet die Bedeutung von höher-intensiver
Bewegung aus der Bewegungsförderungsperspektive. Da die
Förderung von Alltagsaktivität im Gegensatz zu
geplant-strukturierten und intensiven Trainingsprogrammen als niederschwellig
angesehen wird, soll in diesem Übersichtsartikel erläutert
werden, welches Potenzial Alltagsaktivität für
höher-intensive Bewegung hat. Hierzu wird narrativ eruiert, welche
unterschiedlichen Facetten Alltagsaktivität beinhaltet, inwiefern
Alltagsaktivität höher- oder hoch intensiv sein kann und wie
(intensive) Alltagsaktivität in der Bewegungsförderung
stärker akzentuiert werden kann. Dabei wird ein besonderes Augenmerk auf
aktuelle Bewegungsförderungsansätze der
„Bewegungs-Snacks“ geworfen.
Besondere geschlechterspezifische Unterschiede von HIIT im
Gesundheitssport auf Herzkreislaufparameter und
Körperzusammensetzung
Authors: Zinner Christoph 
Published: August 2022

ZusammenfassungHIIT ist seit vielen Jahren eine beliebte Trainingsform, um die
körperliche Leistungsfähigkeit sowie die
Körperzusammensetzung zu verbessern. Ziel dieses Artikels ist, einen
Überblick über die Unterschiede in den Anpassungen an HIIT
zwischen Männern und Frauen in Bezug auf Herzkreislaufparameter und die
Körperzusammensetzung zu geben. So zeigt sich, dass die maximale
Sauerstoffaufnahme (VO2peak) bei Frauen durch HIIT ebenso effektiv
gesteigert werden kann, wie in vielen Studien mit Männern bereits
dargestellt wurde. Interessanterweise deuten aber einige Ergebnisse darauf hin,
dass die zugrundliegenden Mechanismen der Steigerung der VO2peak
zwischen Männern und Frauen unterschiedlich sein könnten.
Weiterhin führt HIIT zu einer Abnahme des Körpergewichts und der
Fettmasse in erster Linie bei jungen Frauen vor der Menopause. Obwohl bei
manchen Anpassungsmechanismen an HIIT geschlechtsspezifische Unterschiede
bestehen, führt HIIT auch bei Frauen zu nahezu den gleichen positiven
Effekten, wie sie für Männer in einer Vielzahl von Studien
bereits nachgewiesen werden konnten. Zukünftige Studien sollten daher
rein weibliche Kohorten untersuchen, um hier die Wissenslücke weiter zu
schließen.
Hochintensives (Kraft-)Training (HIT-KT) und
Osteoporose
Authors: Kemmler Wolfgang , Stengel Simon von 
Published: August 2022

ZusammenfassungKonsequent supervisiertes, kompetent angeleitetes und behutsam aufgebautes HIT-KT
mit modernen Kraftgeräten kann als sichere, attraktive, zeitsparende und
effektive Trainingsmethode zur Verbesserung der Knochendichte in einem Kollektiv
selbstständig lebender älterer Männer mit
Osteosarkopenie angesehen werden.