bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A comparative study assessing the precision and trueness of digital and printed casts produced from several intraoral and extraoral scanners in full arch and short span (3‐unit FPD) scanning: An in vitro study
Authors: Ellakany Passent , Aly Nourhan M. , Al‐Harbi Fahad 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPurposeTo compare precision and trueness of digital and printed casts produced from several intraoral and extraoral scanners in full arch and short span scanning.Materials and MethodsA fully dentate maxillary phantom cast was used to represent full arch scanning, and a mandibular phantom cast, including posterior 3‐unit fixed partial denture preparations to represent short span scanning. Reference casts (RCs) were fabricated and scanned 10 times by a reference extraoral scanner (Medit T510, Seoul, Korea) to provide reference digital casts. RC was then scanned 10 times by 5 scanners: 2 intraoral scanners (Trios 3shape [Trios 3] and Dental Wings [DW]), and 3 extraoral scanners (3shape E3 [E3], S600 ARTI [S600], and Ceramill Map 600 [M600]). Digital standard tessellation language (STL) files obtained from the 5 scanners were sent to a stereolithography 3D printer to fabricate printed casts. Trueness was obtained by comparing STL files of each digital/printed cast to the RC, while precision was obtained by comparing the digital/printed STL file of each scanner to the other files of same digital/printed group. The lower the precision and trueness values, the higher the accuracy of casts. Multivariate analysis of variance was performed to assess the association of precision and trueness with the type of scanner, type of cast, and scanning span.ResultsThere was a significant difference in precision and trueness of casts produced from different scanners (p <0.001). The lowest precision and trueness were demonstrated by casts produced from DW. Digital casts showed significantly higher precision and trueness compared to 3D printed casts (p <0.001). Regarding the scanning span, full arch scanning showed significantly lower precision and trueness than short span scanning (p <0.001).ConclusionsExtraoral scanners exhibited higher trueness and precision than intraoral scanners. Trios 3 showed comparable accuracy to that of the studied extraoral scanners in the case of short span scanning. DW was the least accurate scanner in all studied groups, while E3 showed the highest accuracy level among the mentioned scanners. Digital casts showed higher trueness and precision compared to 3D printed casts.
Mothers with justice‐involved sons: Socioeconomic impacts of COVID‐19 by neighborhood disorder in the United States
Authors: LaBerge Alyssa , Osuna Amanda Isabel , Cavanagh Caitlin , Cauffman Elizabeth 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWomen, particularly mothers, have faced disparate socioeconomic consequences throughout the COVID‐19 pandemic. Research has yet to examine whether the consequences of the pandemic vary based on the level of neighborhood disorder, which is associated with various health conditions, including COVID‐19 complications. The present study utilizes data from a diverse sample of 221 women with justice‐involved sons interviewed during the early months of the COVID‐19 pandemic. Negative binominal and logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine whether perceived neighborhood social disorder is related to socioeconomic impacts of the COVID‐19 pandemic, and whether the relation varies for mothers with and without children in their home during the pandemic. The results suggest that greater perceived neighborhood social disorder was associated with increased in COVID‐19‐related socioeconomic consequences. Neighborhood social disorder affected socioeconomic impacts above and beyond the effects of having a child living in the home. Additionally, Latinas experienced greater socioeconomic impacts than women of other races and ethnicities. The results indicate a key relationship between the neighborhood conditions a woman lives in and the extent of the socioeconomic consequences they faced during the early months of the COVID‐19 pandemic. Future directions and direct implications of the study findings are discussed.
Novel temperature‐controlled sleep system to improve sleep: a proof‐of‐concept study
Authors: Haghayegh Shahab , Khoshnevis Sepideh , Smolensky Michael H. , Hermida Ramon C. , Castriotta Richard J. , Schernhammer Eva , Diller Kenneth R. 
Published: July 2022

SummaryThe sleep–wake cycle is regulated by circadian Process C and homeostatic Process S. Selective thermal stimulation (STS) of the cervical spine region enhances glabrous skin blood flow (GSBF) and augments body heat dissipation to increase distal‐to‐proximal skin gradient (DPG) causing decrease of core body temperature (CBT), which can shorten sleep onset latency (SOL) and improve sleep quality. A total of 11 young healthy/normal sleeper males challenged to go to bed (lights‐off) 2 h earlier than usual were subjected in a randomised order to non‐consecutive treatment and control night‐time sleep sessions. The treatment night entailed activation of a dual‐temperature zone mattress with a cooler centre and warmer periphery plus STS pillow that applied mild heating to the cervical spinal skin for 30 min after lights‐off for sleep. During the first 30 min after lights‐off, GSBF (mean [standard error (SE)] Δ = 49.77 [19.13] perfusion units, p = 0.013) and DPG (mean [SE] Δ = 2.05 [0.62] °C, p = 0.005) were significantly higher and CBT (mean [SE] Δ = –0.15 [0.07] °C, p = 0.029) was significantly lower in the treatment than control night, while there was no significant difference in these variables during the 45 min prior to lights‐off (baseline). Moreover, SOL was significantly reduced (mean [SE] Δ = –48.6 [23.4] min, p = 0.032) and subjective sleep quality significantly better (p < 0.001) in the treatment than control night. In conclusion, the novel sleep facilitating system comprised of the STS pillow plus dual‐temperature zone mattress induced earlier increase in GSBF and DPG and earlier decline in CBT. This resulted in statistically significant shortened SOL and improved overall sleep quality, thereby reducing sleep pressure of Process S, even under the challenging investigative protocol requiring participants to go to sleep 2 h earlier than customary.
Association between clinical outcomes and restless legs syndrome in Japanese patients with ulcerative colitis
Authors: Kitakata Shogo , Furukawa Shinya , Miyake Teruki , Shiraishi Kana , Tange Kazuhiro , Hashimoto Yu , Yagi Sen , Ninomiya Tomoyuki , Suzuki Seiyuu , Shibata Naozumi , Murakami Hidehiro , Ohashi Katsuhisa , Tomida Hideomi , Yamamoto Yasunori , Takeshita Eiji , Ikeda Yoshio , Hiasa Yoichi 
Published: July 2022

SummaryRestless legs syndrome (RLS) is a common sleep disorder in the Western population. The prevalence of restless legs syndrome in the Japanese population is 4.6%. Inflammatory and/or immune alteration might be associated with the development of restless legs syndrome. Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease. Evidence regarding the association between ulcerative colitis and the prevalence of restless legs syndrome is limited. Herein, we investigated the association between clinical outcomes and the prevalence of restless legs syndrome in Japanese patients with ulcerative colitis. This was a cross‐sectional study using baseline data from a prospective cohort study. Subjects in this study were 273 patients with ulcerative colitis. The definition of restless legs syndrome was achieved using a self‐administered questionnaire based on the diagnostic criteria for restless legs syndrome in an epidemiological study approved by the Executive Committee of the International Restless Leg Syndrome Study Group in 2002. Clinical outcomes were clinical remission and mucosal healing. The association between clinical remission and mucosal healing and the prevalence of restless legs syndrome was assessed by multivariate logistic regression analyses. The percentage of clinical remission and mucosal healing was 58.4% and 63.1%, respectively. The prevalence of restless legs syndrome in this cohort was 4.7%. Clinical remission (adjusted odds ratio 0.23, 95% confidence interval 0.05–0.93) and mucosal healing (adjusted odds ratio 0.23, 95% confidence interval 0.05–0.90) were independently inversely associated with restless legs syndrome. No association between serum haemoglobin and restless legs syndrome was found. In conclusion, clinical remission and mucosal healing were independently and inversely associated with the prevalence of restless legs syndrome in Japanese patients with ulcerative colitis.
Performance evaluation of a brewery wastewater treatment plant in Ethiopia: Implications for wetland ecosystem management
Authors: Daba Chala , Atamo Amanuel , Dagne Mengesha , Gizeyatu Adinew , Adane Metadel , Embrandiri Asha , Gebrehiwot Mesfin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBrewery industries are a major surface water pollution source since they release their waste waters into receiving aquatic systems. The Brasserieset Group Industry (BGI) located at the town of Kombolcha (Ethiopia) discharges large quantities of organically laden waste water into the Borkena River, a tributary to the Cheffa Wetland, one of Ethiopia's largest wetlands. As the efficiency of the brewery's wastewater treatment plant has not been assessed, there is no existing evidence regarding the compliance of its effluent discharges with standard discharge limits. The aim of the present study, therefore, was to evaluate the efficiency of the brewery wastewater treatment plant, as well as to assess the status of the effluent discharge compliance for the stated guidelines. Time‐composite wastewater samples were collected from the treatment plant inlet and final outlet during February to March 2020. Pollutant removal efficiency was evaluated by determining the differences in the pollutant concentrations in the influent and effluent. The mean value of the treated brewery wastewater Biochemical Oxygen Demand was 23.3 ± 12.3 mg/L, Chemical Oxygen Demand was 111.9 ± 33.8 mg/L, total nitrogen (TN) was 92.4 ± 21 mg/L, total phosphorus (TP) was 12.8 ± 5.1 mg/L and nitrate nitrogen (NO3‐N) was 22.5 ± 5.2 mg/L. Although the brewery treatment plant removed large percentages of organic constituents such as BOD5 (98.6%) and COD (96.7%), only small quantities of TP (49.8%), TN (19.9%) and NO3‐N (9.3%) were removed. As the treatment plant discharges did not meet the Ethiopian permissible limit standards for the critical parameters, deterioration of the downstream wetland and its resources is of serious concern. To better manage and conserve the Cheffa Wetland and its important ecosystem services, it is recommended that the industry improves its wastewater treatment efficiency.
Multispecies environmental DNA metabarcoding sheds light on annual coral spawning events
Authors: Ip Yin Cheong Aden , Chang Jia Jin Marc , Tun Karenne Phyu Phyu , Meier Rudolf , Huang Danwei 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSynchronous multispecific coral spawning generally occurs annually and forms an integral part of the coral life cycle. Apart from spawning times and species participation, however, much else remains unknown. Here, we applied environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding to study two tropical reef sites of contrasting coral cover before, during and after coral spawning. Using coral‐ITS2 and vertebrate‐12S markers, we evaluated eDNA as an alternative monitoring tool by assessing its capabilities in detecting spawning species and tracking relative abundances of coral and fish eDNA. Over 3 years, elevated eDNA coral signals during the event (proportional read increase of up to five‐fold) were observed, detecting a total of 38 coral and 133 fish species with all but one of the coral species visually observed to be spawning. This is also the first demonstration that eDNA metabarcoding can be used to infer the diurnal partitioning of night‐ and day‐time spawning, spawning in coral species overlooked by visual surveys, and the associated changes in fish trophic structures as an indicator of spawning events. Our study paves the way for applied quantitative eDNA metabarcoding approaches to better study ephemeral and important biological events.
Pydiflumetofen: An SDHI seed‐applied fungicide, a potential tool for the canola‐blackleg management toolbox
Authors: Padmathilake K. Rasanie E. , Parks Paula S. , Gulden Robert H. , Rosset Jonathan , Zhao Liang , Fernando W. G. Dilantha 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBlackleg is a major fungal disease of canola caused by Leptosphaeria maculans. Due to the breakdown of current host resistance, having an effective fungicide to avoid seedling infection is important to avoid disease. Pydiflumetofen is a newly developed broad‐spectrum seed treatment fungicide in the succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor (SDHI) group. We evaluated the separate and combined application of pydiflumetofen and Vibrance Flexi on early‐season control of blackleg using moderately resistant canola cultivar SY4135 and susceptible cultivar Westar. In the greenhouse, seedlings inoculated with green fluorescent protein (GFP)‐tagged L. maculans showed lesion development and apoplastic mycelial growth in cotyledons in control and Vibrance Flexi treatments but no lesion development or in planta mycelial growth was observed in pydiflumetofen‐treated seedlings, in Westar or SY4135, 14 days postinoculation. SY4135 and Westar plants with pydiflumetofen‐treated seeds inoculated with L. maculans isolate D3 had significantly lower disease severity. Both host genotypes treated with pydiflumetofen showed lower disease severity estimates than the other treatments. Statistically significant disease severity reduction was cultivar dependent in the field. Canola is most susceptible to blackleg as a seedling, from the cotyledon to two‐ to four‐leaf stage. Pydiflumetofen protects the plant at the critical window for infection. Therefore, pydiflumetofen could be a potential tool that farmers can add to their blackleg management toolbox.
Specific agitation behaviours in dementia differentially contribute to aspects of caregiver burden
Authors: Patrick Karlee S. , Gunstad John , Martin John T. , Chapman Kimberly R. , Drost Jennifer , Spitznagel Mary Beth 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACTBackgroundAgitation is a common symptom in dementia and linked to caregiver burden, but both agitation and burden are multidimensional constructs. The current study sought to determine whether specific presentations of agitation differentially relate to aspects of caregiver burden.MethodsMedical record data from an outpatient memory clinic were extracted for 609 persons with dementia, including caregiver‐reported burden and care recipient agitation.ResultsExploratory factor analysis yielded three domains of agitation on the Cohen Mansfield Agitation Inventory (‘Physically Aggressive’, ‘Physically Non‐Aggressive’, ‘Verbally Agitated’) and four domains of burden on the Zarit Burden Interview (‘Impact on Life’, ‘Guilt/Uncertainty’, ‘Embarrassment/Frustration’, ‘Overwhelm’). Regression analyses demonstrated all domains of agitation positively predicted overall burden. Regarding specific aspects of burden, Physically Aggressive behaviours predicted Embarrassment/Frustration. Physically Non‐Aggressive behaviours predicted Impact on Life and Guilt/Uncertainty. Verbally Agitated behaviours predicted all burden dimensions.ConclusionsResults suggest specific aspects of agitation may differentially contribute to facets of caregiver burden.
Mapping Ex Ante Risks of COVID-19 in Indonesia using a Bayesian Geostatistical Model on Airport Network Data
Authors: Seufert Jacqueline D. , Python Andre , Weisser Christoph , Cisneros Elías , Kis-Katos Krisztina , Kneib Thomas 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA rapid response to global infectious disease outbreaks is crucial to protect public health. Ex ante information on the spatial probability distribution of early infections can guide governments to better target protection efforts. We propose a two-stage statistical approach to spatially map the ex ante importation risk of COVID-19 and its uncertainty across Indonesia based on a minimal set of routinely available input data related to the Indonesian flight network, traffic and population data, and geographical information. In a first step, we use a generalised additive model to predict the ex ante COVID-19 risk for 78 domestic Indonesian airports based on data from a global model on the disease spread and covariates associated with Indonesian airport network flight data prior to the global COVID-19 outbreak. In a second step, we apply a Bayesian geostatistical model to propagate the estimated COVID-19 risk from the airports to all of Indonesia using freely available spatial covariates including traffic density, population and two spatial distance metrics. The results of our analysis are illustrated using exceedance probability surface maps, which provide policy-relevant information accounting for the uncertainty of the estimates on the location of areas at risk and those that might require further data collection.
Association of daily hassles, daily uplifts, coping styles and stress‐related symptoms among women exposed to sexual abuse—A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Stensvehagen Marianne Torp , Bronken Berit Arnesveen , Lien Lars , Larsson Gerry 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundWomen who experience physical or sexual violence report poor self‐perceived health. Knowledge of daily hassles, daily uplifts and coping styles, as well as how these factors can affect health and well‐being among survivors of sexual abuse, is important for healthcare professionals to understand and target their needs.AimThe aim of the current study was to explore the association of daily hassles, daily uplifts, coping strategies and stress‐related symptoms among female survivors of sexual abuse.MethodsA group of women (n = 57), exposed to sexual abuse, were recruited from nine support centres in Norway. Participants completed a questionnaire that addressed demographics, socioeconomic conditions, trauma history, daily hassles, daily uplifts, coping styles and stress‐related symptoms. Two groups of participants were compared: one group that had above‐median scores on uplifts and adaptive coping styles and one group that had above‐median scores on daily hassles and maladaptive coping styles.ResultsResults indicate that women who experienced more daily hassles and used maladaptive coping styles reported significantly more stress‐related symptoms, and particularly emotional symptoms, than women who experienced more daily uplifts and used adaptive coping styles. There were few differences between the two groups related to socioeconomic conditions and trauma history.ConclusionThe results indicate that women in both groups struggle with stress‐related physical, emotional, cognitive and target group‐specific symptoms. However, high incidence of daily hassles and the use of maladaptive coping styles were associated with an increase in stress‐related symptoms. Novell’s findings indicate that despite severe traumatic experiences, adaptive coping styles and favourable perceptions of stress in everyday life were associated with a lower frequency of stress‐related symptoms. It may therefore be helpful to focus on altering maladaptive coping styles to reduce stress‐related symptoms among sexual abuse survivors.
EffectiveGDP: ACross‐CountryComparison
Authors: Rehman Fahd , Cooper Russel J. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA large literature has developed around alternatives to gross domestic product (GDP)per capitafor cross‐country comparisons of well‐being. Many of these studies point to non‐economic factors that affect well‐being but are not captured in the traditional GDP measure. With a comprehensive coverage of economies available through the World Bank's International Comparison Programme (ICP) databases at six‐yearly intervals, this paper utilises the ICP 2011 Purchasing Power Parity (PPP)‐based expenditures and builds upon it through an analysis of residuals from cross‐country Engel curve regressions. The methodology draws on the idea that patterns in Engel curve residuals can revealinter aliapreviously unmeasured aspects of human well‐being such as optimism or pessimism. The paper demonstrates how a residual‐based model ofRevealed Optimism/Pessimismcan be neatly integrated with PPP‐based GDP to provide an extended measure of national well‐being, referred to here as ‘Effective GDP’. As a result, a wider disparity in well‐being across economies is revealed than could be discerned simply from the ICP data. The results suggest that, in 2011,Effective GDPextends traditional PPP‐based GDP estimates by around two per cent in the positive direction for apparently optimistic economies and as much as five per cent downwards for pessimistic ones.
Postural Sway and Muscle Activity Dynamics of Upright Standing on Sloped Surfaces
Authors: Baldridge Jacey , King Adam C. 
Published: July 2022

During upright standing, individuals often use co-contraction muscle activity at the ankle joint when encountering increased postural difficulty; however, this strategy has been shown to be maladaptive. The purpose of the current investigation was to examine the effect of sloped standing on postural sway and muscle co-contraction at the ankle joint as a function of postural difficulty. Twelve young (21.67 ± 1.11 years) adults performed upright standing on flat, declined, and inclined support surfaces. Center of pressure displacements indexed postural sway while electromyography data were collected for the tibialis anterior and gastrocnemius medialis muscles. A co-contraction index and a nonlinear coupling metric (cross-approximate entropy) were computed between ankle dorsiflexor and plantar flexor muscles (tibialis anterior/gastrocnemius medialis) activity. The results showed that higher degrees of postural difficulty led to increased amounts of sway as well as increased sway regularity. Lower co-contraction index was observed for higher degrees of postural difficulty; however, increased dynamic coupling occurred with deviations from the flat standing condition. Overall, increased postural difficulty as manipulated by sloped standing (in either inclined or declined conditions) resulted in individuals adopting a more regular sway trajectory that may be due, in part, to a stronger dynamic coupling strategy occurring at the neuromuscular level.