bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of early spectacle intervention on visual outcomes in babies at risk of cerebral visual impairment: a parallel group, open-label, randomised clinical feasibility trial protocol
Authors: Bullaj Raimonda , Dyet Leigh , Mitra Subhabrata , Bunce Catey , Clarke Caroline S , Saunders Kathryn , Dale Naomi , Horwood Anna , Williams Cathy , St Clair Tracy Helen , Marlow Neil , Bowman Richard 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionHypoaccommodation is common in children born prematurely and those with hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE), with the potential to affect wider learning. These children are also at risk of longer-term cerebral visual impairment. It is also well recognised that early intervention for childhood visual pathology is essential, because neuroplasticity progressively diminishes during early life. This study aims to establish the feasibility and acceptability of conducting a randomised controlled trial to test the effectiveness of early near vision correction with spectacles in infancy, for babies, at risk of visual dysfunction.Methods and analysisThis is a parallel group, open-label, randomised controlled (feasibility) study to assess visual outcomes in children with perinatal brain injury when prescribed near vision spectacles compared with the current standard care—waiting until a problem is detected. The study hypothesis is that accommodation, and possibly other aspects of vision, may be improved by intervening earlier with near vision glasses. Eligible infants (n=75, with either HIE or <29 weeks preterm) will be recruited and randomised to one of three arms, group A (no spectacles) and two intervention groups: B1 or B2. Infants in both intervention groups will be offered glasses with +3.00 DS added to the full cycloplegic refraction and prescribed for full time wear. Group B1 will get their first visit assessment and intervention at 8 weeks corrected gestational age (B1) and B2 at 16 weeks corrected gestational age. All infants will receive a complete visual and neurodevelopmental assessment at baseline and a follow-up visit at 3 and 6 months after the first visit.Ethics and disseminationThe South-Central Oxford C Research Ethics Committee has approved the study. Members of the PPI committee will give advice on dissemination of results through peer-reviewed publications, conferences and societies.Trial registration numberISRCTN14646770, NCT05048550, NIHR ref: PB-PG-0418-20006.
Oral Janus kinase inhibitors and venous thromboembolic events in atopic dermatitis: protocols for a case–time control study and a nested case-control study based on the French national health insurance (SNDS) cohort
Authors: Berthe Pauline , Scailteux Lucie-Marie , Lescoat Alain , Staumont Delphine , Coiffier Guillaume , Guéret Pierre , Dupuy Alain , Oger Emmanuel , Droitcourt Catherine 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionAtopic dermatitis (AD) is a highly prevalent, chronic, inflammatory skin disease. Several orally administered Janus kinase inhibitors (JAKis, including baricitinib, upadacitinib and abrocitinib) have received a marketing authorisation for AD.Clinical trials in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have flagged up a potential risk of JAKi-induced venous thromboembolic events (VTEs). Accordingly, the summary of product characteristics for a JAKi must mention VTEs as potential adverse drug reactions. In contrast to RA, AD per se is not associated with an elevated risk of VTEs. Assessing this potential risk among patients with AD would shed further light on the putative underlying relationship between JAKis and VTEs.Our research question is to investigate whether JAKi administration increases the risk of VTEs in adults with AD. Our primary objective is to assess the risk of VTEs in adults with AD exposed to JAKis compared to AD adults not exposed to JAKis, and our secondary objective is to evaluate whether JAKi initiation acts as a trigger of VTEs in adults with AD within 3 months.Methods and analysisHence, we have designed (1) a nested case–control study and (2) a case–time control study in a cohort of adults with AD with data from the French national health insurance system (2017–2025).Here, we describe the study protocol, our methodological choices and certain novel aspects, including the combined value of the two assumptions and the use of an exhaustive national health insurance database with potentially greater statistical power for studying rare events in the population of patients with AD at a low risk of VTEs (thus limiting the influence of confounding factors).Ethics and disseminationThe protocol has been approved by an independent ethics committee and registered with the French National Data Protection Commission. The study’s findings will be published in peer-reviewed scientific journals and presented at international conferences.
Remission of type 2 diabetes and improved diastolic function by combining structured exercise with meal replacement and food reintroduction among young adults: the RESET for REMISSION randomised controlled trial protocol
Authors: Dasgupta Kaberi , Boulé Normand , Henson Joseph , Chevalier Stéphanie , Redman Emma , Chan Deborah , McCarthy Matthew , Champagne Julia , Arsenyadis Frank , Rees Jordan , Da Costa Deborah , Gregg Edward , Yeung Roseanne , Hadjiconstantinou Michelle , Dattani Abhishek , Friedrich Matthias G , Khunti Kamlesh , Rahme Elham , Fortier Isabel , Prado Carla M , Sherman Mark , Thompson Richard B , Davies Melanie J , McCann Gerry P , Yates Thomas 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) onset before 40 years of age has a magnified lifetime risk of cardiovascular disease. Diastolic dysfunction is its earliest cardiac manifestation. Low energy diets incorporating meal replacement products can induce diabetes remission, but do not lead to improved diastolic function, unlike supervised exercise interventions. We are examining the impact of a combined low energy diet and supervised exercise intervention on T2DM remission, with peak early diastolic strain rate, a sensitive MRI-based measure, as a key secondary outcome.Methods and analysisThis prospective, randomised, two-arm, open-label, blinded-endpoint efficacy trial is being conducted in Montreal, Edmonton and Leicester. We are enrolling 100 persons 18–45 years of age within 6 years’ T2DM diagnosis, not on insulin therapy, and with obesity. During the intensive phase (12 weeks), active intervention participants adopt an 800–900 kcal/day low energy diet combining meal replacement products with some food, and receive supervised exercise training (aerobic and resistance), three times weekly. The maintenance phase (12 weeks) focuses on sustaining any weight loss and exercise practices achieved during the intensive phase; products and exercise supervision are tapered but reinstituted, as applicable, with weight regain and/or exercise reduction. The control arm receives standard care. The primary outcome is T2DM remission, (haemoglobin A1c of less than 6.5% at 24 weeks, without use of glucose-lowering medications during maintenance). Analysis of remission will be by intention to treat with stratified Fisher’s exact test statistics.Ethics and disseminationThe trial is approved in Leicester (East Midlands – Nottingham Research Ethics Committee (21/EM/0026)), Montreal (McGill University Health Centre Research Ethics Board (RESET for remission/2021-7148)) and Edmonton (University of Alberta Health Research Ethics Board (Pro00101088). Findings will be shared widely (publications, presentations, press releases, social media platforms) and will inform an effectiveness trial.Trial registration numberISRCTN15487120.
The estimated impact of changes to otolith field-sampling and ageing effort on stock assessment inputs, outputs, and catch advice
Authors: Siskey Matthew R. , Punt André E. , Hulson Peter-John F. , Bryan Meaghan D. , Ianelli James N. , Thorson James T. 
Published: September 2022

Generating accurate data for stock assessments is resource-demanding, necessitating periodic evaluation of survey sampling designs and potential impacts on stock assessments. We developed a framework for bootstrapped resampling of survey age data and calculation of input sample sizes as a function of among-bootstrap variance in age compositions. Data from this bootstrap estimator were then used to evaluate the influence of alternative sampling rates and methods on uncertainty in estimates of the overfishing limit (OFL) calculated using stock assessment models. For dusky rockfish ( Sebastes variabilis) and Pacific ocean perch ( Sebastes alutus), a 10% decrease in the number of tows sampled upon led to a predicted 5%–6% increase in the CV of OFL (log–log slope = −0.576 to −0.486), which was greater than the 0%–2% increase from a 10% decrease in otoliths-per-tow (log–log slope = −0.238 to −0.029). Application of this approach across all stocks monitored in the survey of interest is required to identify which stocks ( i) benefit the most from increased sampling of ageing structures or ( ii) cost the least in terms of OFL uncertainty owing to reduced sampling.
Research on Edge Detection and Image Segmentation of Cabinet Region Based on Edge Computing Joint Image Detection Algorithm
Authors: Gao Huixin , Zhou Gang , Cao Yang , Luo Zhiyuan , Shen Zhicheng , Malar A. Jasmine Gnana 
Published: September 2022

Image segmentation (IE) in several disciplines of image processing and computer vision is an essential topic. Segmentation splits a picture into the areas or items that it constitutes. Image segmentation may be achieved with many approaches, some easier than others because of sophisticated programming requirements. The most common technique for segmenting pictures is edge detection (ED) based on sudden (locomotive) intensity fluctuations. This paper aims to study edge detection approaches for the division of images and acquired experimental findings, Sobel, Prewitt, Robert, CannyLoG (Laplacian of Gaussian). It is vital to ensure that picture segmentation algorithms deliver correct results quickly and efficiently for computer vision to reach its full potential. Computer vision approaches require more investigation in hierarchical architectural IoT networks created for seeing the world. In this work, the new way to provide joint image detection (JID) algorithm is to provide multi-scaling approaches for edge detection and segmentation using IoT edge computing (EC). This JID-EC method avoids the requirement to choose and track the edge explicitly. This study provides an overview of fundamental ideas, techniques, and algorithms common to segment images and edge detection, focusing on the segmentation and visualization of joint-articular cartilage images. The reason for this failure is that it is an image noise-sensitive high pass filter. The need for improved algorithms to meet a suitable value of low and high thresholds should thus be stressed for picture noise such as a canny edge, and the performance is achieved with an efficiency of 95.2%.
Bacterial Milk Quality along the Value Chain in Smallholder Dairy Production
Authors: Washaya S. , Jakata C. , Tagwira M. , Mupofu T. 
Published: September 2022

This study aimed to evaluate the microbial quality of raw milk along the milk value chain at Africa University (AU). Eighteen Holstein-Friesian cows were used in this experiment. A total of 270 milk samples were collected for laboratory analysis at three different stages, during milking (DM), from the bulk tank (BT), and at the dining hall (DH), to determine the total bacterial count (TBC), Escherichia coli, and Salmonella enterica. Samples were cultured in Petri dishes using an appropriate medium for 48 hours. The plate count method was used to determine the quantity of bacteria. Data were analyzed using GLM SPSS. The results indicated that TBC increased (

P

< 0.05) from one site to the next along the value chain, yet it undulates when measured over time. Escherichia. coli and S. enterica counts increased (

P

< 0.05) at the last site of collection and the highest counts were recorded in week two. In conclusion, the current study indicates the hygiene of the dairy parlor with very low TBC, E. coli, and S. enterica counts during milking and bulk tank storage and that the relationship between TBC and E. coli is nonlinear with respect to time.
Higher chromatic rendition with Cr<sup>3+</sup>-doped yellow Y<sub>3</sub>Al<sub>5</sub>O<sub>12</sub>:Ce<sup>3+</sup> for double-layer remote phosphor white-light-emitting diodes
Authors: Nguyen Thi Dieu An , Huu Phuc Dang , Nguyen Thi Thuy Hang 
Published: September 2022

<span lang="EN-US">Remote phosphor designs of white-light-emitting diodes (WLEDs) have been recognized for their high thermal stability and excellent luminous efficiency but not for the chromatic rendering. The study presents an approach for the remote phosphor structure to overcome the low-color-rendering issue by enriching its red-light spectral intensity through co-doping </span>Cr<sup>3+</sup> and Ce<sup>3+</sup> <span lang="EN-US">ions into the yellow </span> Y<sub>3</sub>Al<sub>5</sub>O<sub>12 </sub>(YAG) <span lang="EN-US">phosphor compound. This ion co-doping process probably enhances emission spectra in the far-red range because of the energy transfer of the integrated ions:</span> Ce<sup>3+</sup> Cr<sup>3+</sup>. <span lang="EN-US">Additionally, the luminescence and color properties of the phosphor layer significantly depend on the doped concentration of the</span> Cr<sup>3+</sup> ion. Here, with 0.008% Cr<sup>3+</sup> <span lang="EN-US">in the phosphor composite, either internal or external quantum performances of the dual-layer WLED light are enhanced, which achieved the number of 58.9% and 46.7%, respectively. The color rendering index (CRI) would also be higher if </span>Cr<sup>3+</sup> <span lang="EN-US">is added, about 77.9, compared to the CRI of 63.2 when using the original </span> YAG:Ce<sup>3+</sup> phosphor layer.
Comparison of window shapes and lengths in short-time feature extraction for classification of heart sound signals
Authors: Fakhry Mahmoud , Brery Abeer FathAllah 
Published: September 2022

<span lang="EN-US">Heart sound signals, phonocardiography (PCG) signals, allow for the automatic diagnosis of potential cardiovascular pathology. Such classification task can be tackled using the bidirectional long short-term memory (biLSTM) network, trained on features extracted from labeled PCG signals. Regarding the non-stationarity of PCG signals, it is recommended to extract the features from multiple short-length segments of the signals using a sliding window of certain shape and length. However, some window contains unfavorable spectral side lobes, which distort the features. Accordingly, it is preferable to adapt the window shape and length in terms of classification performance. We propose an experimental evaluation for three window shapes, each with three window lengths. The biLSTM network is trained and tested on statistical features extracted, and the performance is reported in terms of the window shapes and lengths. Results show that the best performance is obtained when the Gaussian window is used for splitting the signals, and the triangular window competes with the Gaussian window for a length of 75 ms. Although the rectangular window is a commonly offered option, it is the worst choice for splitting the signals. Moreover, the classification performance obtained with a 75 ms Gaussian window outperforms that of a baseline method.</span>
Indonesian pharmacy retailer segmentation using recency frequency monetary-location model and ant K-means algorithm
Authors: Palupi Ghea Sekar , Fakhruzzaman Muhammad Noor 
Published: September 2022

<span lang="EN-US">We proposed an approach of retailer segmentation using a hybrid swarm intelligence algorithm and recency frequency monetary (RFM)-location model to develop a tailored marketing strategy for a pharmacy industry distribution company. We used sales data and plug it into MATLAB to implement ant clustering algorithm and K-means, then the results were analyzed using RFM-location model to calculate each clusters’ customer lifetime value (CLV). The algorithm generated 13 clusters of retailers based on provided data with a total of 1,138 retailers. Then, using RFM-location, some clusters were combined due to identical characteristics, the final clusters amounted to 8 clusters with unique characteristics. The findings can inform the decision-making process of the company, especially in prioritizing retailer segments and developing a tailored marketing strategy. We used a hybrid algorithm by leveraging the advantage of swarm intelligence and the power of K-means to cluster the retailers, then we further added value to the generated clusters by analyzing it using RFM-location model and CLV. However, location as a variable may not be relevant in smaller countries or developed countries, because the shipping cost may not be a problem. </span>
Green-phosphor Ca3Sc2Si3O12:Ce3+ for solid-status illumination: gel-combustion structural and luminous characteristics
Authors: Phuc Dang Huu , Van Hie Bui , Le Thai Nguyen 
Published: September 2022

<span lang="EN-GB">Ca<sub>3</sub>Sc<sub>2</sub>Si<sub>3</sub>O<sub>12</sub>:Ce<sup>3+</sup> phosphors with one stage and tiny dimension were effectively produced utilizing the gel-combustion technique at a lower heat (1100◦C) than the traditional solid-status reaction technique (around 1500◦C). The phosphors' crystal phase and microstructure, as well as their luminescence, were studied. The particle size is around 1m, which is significantly smaller than what the solid-status process produces. When particles are combined of silicon and deposited on a blue light-emitting diode (LED), finer particles can minimize interior diffusing. A significant green radiation is noticed that is caused by typical Ce<sup>3+</sup> transition radiations 5d–<sup>2</sup>F<sub>5/2</sub> and 5d–<sup>2</sup>F<sub>7/2</sub>. The stimulation spectra reveal a wide and high absorptivity at around 460 nm, indicating that it would be an excellent color conversion in white LEDs. The gel-combustion phosphor has a decay period of 54.65 ns.</span>
УРАЖЕННЯ РІЗНИХ ОРГАНІВ І СИСТЕМ ПРИ ГІПЕРУРИКЕМІЇ ТА ПОДАГРІ
Authors: Орел М. А. , Андрейчин С. М. 
Published: September 2022

РЕЗЮМЕ. Подагра – хронічне системне метаболічне захворювання, яке характеризується стійкою гіперурикемією і появою запальної реакції в місцях відкладання кристалів моноурату натрію. Вона є найчастішою причиною запального артриту в чоловіків старше 30 років. Її частка серед ревматичних недуг в Україні досягає 1,5–2 %. У провідних країнах світу подагру діагностують в 1–3 % дорослого населення, а гіперурикемію у 4–20 %. При цьому підвищення рівня сечової кислоти є одним із діагностичних критеріїв метаболічного синдрому, маркером високого кардіоваскулярного ризику, а також асоціюється з ендотеліальною дисфункцією, оксидативним стресом, хронічним запаленням, ураженням інших органів та систем.
Мета – проаналізувати сучасні літературні джерела та сформулювати висновки щодо впливу підвищеного рівня сечової кислоти в сироватці крові на ураження різних органів і систем у пацієнтів із безсимптомною гіперурикемією та подагрою.
Матеріал і методи. У дослідженні використано бібліосистематичний та аналітичний методи. Проаналізовано літературні джерела щодо причин гіперурикемії, її клініко-патогенетичних проявів та впливу на стан здоров’я, а також ролі у виникненні та перебігу подагри, метаболічного синдрому, кардіоваскулярних ускладнень тощо.
Результати. Представлено огляд актуальної наукової інформації про безсимптомну гіперурикемію та подагру. Аргументовано, що ці стани становлять велику соціальну та економічну проблему, оскільки страждають ними переважно особи працездатного віку. Це призводить до обмеження професійної діяльності, інвалідизації, значного погіршення якості життя. Підкреслено, що гіперурикемія є одним із основних факторів ризику серцево-судинних захворювань, метаболічного синдрому, ураження нирок, когнітивних розладів.
Висновки. Проведений аналіз наукової літератури підтверджує, що наявність як безсимптомної гіперурикемії, так і клінічно маніфестованої подагри істотно обтяжує перебіг захворювань серцево-судинної, ендокринної, гепатобіліарної, сечовидільної, нервової систем.
ПРОБЛЕМА КОМОРБІДНОСТІ В КЛІНІЧНІЙ ПРАКТИЦІ КАРДІОЛОГА
Authors: Швед М. І. , Юрків В. В. , Левицька Л. В. , Кашуба М. І. 
Published: September 2022

РЕЗЮМЕ. Коморбідність на сьогодні є однією з головних проблем для систем охорони здоров’я в цілому світі. Сучасні протоколи ведення пацієнтів кардіологічного профілю включають деякі супутні стани (цукровий діабет, ниркова недостатність тощо), але рекомендації стосовно комплексного відновлення хворих з кардіологічною патологією та коморбідними станами на сьогодні існують в дуже обмеженій кількості.
Мета – проаналізувати сучасний досвід лікування пацієнтів кардіологічного профілю з коморбідною патологією та окреслити можливості підвищення ефективності лікування такої категорії хворих.
Основна частина. В огляді літератури наведені доказові дані щодо впливу окремих форм коморбідної патології на перебіг основного кардіологічного захворювання, а також існуючі методи лікування, реабілітації та зниження серцево-судинних ризиків у пацієнтів із кардіологічним захворюванням та коморбідністю.
Висновки. Ведення коморбідного кардіологічного пацієнта потребує комплексного уніфікованого підходу з оцінкою ризиків та прогнозуванням результату поєднання засобів впливу на усі ланки патогенезу клінічної проблеми.
CLINICAL AND EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PARALLELS OF HEART FAILURE AND ATRIAL FIBRILLATION
Authors: Karpenko Yu. I. , Cheng Chen 
Published: September 2022

SUMMARY. The aim – to assess the prevalence of HF in patients with AF.
Material and Methods. The study was performed on the basis of the regional clinical hospital (Odesa) in 2018–2021. Medical records of 2459 patients with HF were retrospectively studied. All patients were examined in accordance with the Unified Protocol of Medical Care, Order of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine No. 384 (2012). All patients were assessed for exercise tolerance using a 6-minute walk test. Statistical processing was performed by methods of analysis of variance and correlation.
Results. The average age of patients was 64.3–1.9 years, In 2.2 % of patients under the age of 60 was found AF, whereas amongst older patients there were 13.3 % cases. Ist FC CH was in 34 (65.4 %) patients, III FC CH – in 34.6 %. The average test score with a 6-minute walk was 277.5±12.5 m, the average time of restitution after exercise – 32.3±3.7 s. The average score on the CHADS-VASC scale was 4.2±0.3 points, HAS-BLED – 2.9±0.2 points. The results of 6-minutes walking test correlated with the duration of AF (r=-0.66).
Conclusions.1. There were 2.2 % of patients under the age of 60 had AF, in older patients – in 13.3 % of cases. The constant form of AF is the most often noted variant.

Inverse correlation between the distance traveled by the patient in 6 minutes and the duration of AF (r=-0.66) was found.