bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of genes in patients for predicting ulcerative colitis-associated colorectal cancer
Authors: wei hongyun , Yong Chunming , Jin Yanchun , Zhang Yunmei , Cao Bin , Yuan Hao , Ren Keyu 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Aim: Ulcerative colitis (UC) has been considered a risk factor for colorectal cancer (CRC). However, effective biomarkers for predicting UC-associated CRC are lacking. Therefore, it is necessary to screen biomarkers associated with UC-related CRC, which could be used to evaluate UC-associated CRC early, and provide possible mechanisms involved in UC-associated CRC. Efficient bioinformatics analysis could help to explore potential biomarkers.
Method: Two public datasets, including 44 UC without CRC samples and 17 UC-associated CRC samples were chosen from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Sva package was used to remove batch effects, and then we screened out differentially expressed genes (DEGs) with the limma package. STRING and Cytoscape were used to achieve protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis and hub genes. The survival curves between high and low gene expression were performed by a log-rank test based on the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) program. To validate the hub gene expression, we compared their expression between normal and colorectal cancer based on Oncomine. Furthermore, immunohistochemistry was used to validate the expression of selected differentially expressed proteins
Results: 405 DEGs were identified, including 256 down-regulated genes and 149 up-regulated genes in UC-associated CRC tissues. 16 hub genes were identified. And among them, RPL6, RPL7, and RPL35 were related to the poor prognosis of patients. Higher expression of RPL6, RPL7, and RPL35 was validated in CRC tissues based on Oncomine. Moreover, higher expression of RPL7 was observed in CRC sample tissues compared to normal colorectal tissues(p=0.004) or UC tissues (p=0.009). However, the expression of RPL6 and RPL35 in CRC tissues was not significantly increased compared to UC tissues or normal tissues.
Conclusion: Our study showed that overexpressed RPL7 may be a potential tumor oncogene and could act as a prognostic factor in clinical diagnosis and treatment during UC-associated CRC.
On the perfomance of Hirschman Optimal Transform for Reduction of PAPR in UFMC
Authors: Krishna E. Hari , Komalla Ashoka Reddy 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Universal filtered multi carrier (UFMC) system is considered to be the best choice for 5G waveform when compared with orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), filtered OFDM (f-OFDM), filter bank multi carrier (FBMC) and generalized FDM (GFDM) in terms of spectral leakage, complexity and compatibility with 5G. The all multi carrier systems are suffers from high peak to average power ratio (PAPR) causes non linear functioning in receiver. In this paper, we proposed a Hirschman optimal transform (HOT) based pre-coding for reducing the PAPR in UFMC systems. Results reveals that HOT pre-coded UFMC promising less PAPR compared with discrete cosine transform (DCT), discrete Hartley transform (DHT) and discrete sine transform (DST) and discrete Fourier transform (DFT).
Control of Ethylene Synthesis and Action by Silver Nitrate and Rhizobitoxine in Petunia Leaf Sections Cultured in Vitro1
Authors: Gavinlertvatana P. , Read P. E. , Wilkins H. F. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Pretreatment of excised leaves of Petunia hybrida L. with AgNO3 permitted shoot formation equal to the control, when explants were cultured on a medium containing 6-benzylamino purine (BA), but increased callus formation, chlorophyll content, and ethylene production. When explants were cultured on a medium containing α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), pretreatment with AgNO3 promoted callus growth, root formation and extension, and ethylene production, but inhibited root hair formation. Pretreatment of explants with CuSO4 suppressed ethylene production and chlorophyll content. Inclusion of AgNO3 partially overcame the effects of CuSO4 alone. When the rhizobitoxine analog, L-2-amino-4-(2-aminoethoxy)-trans-3-butenoic acid (Rh), was used for pretreatment, ethylene emanation was inhibited for 2 or 3 weeks. Number of shoots and roots, root length, root hair and callus formation were not affected by Rh except that callus growth was reduced on a medium containing NAA. NAA (1.0 mg/liter) promoted callus and root formation and induced high levels of ethylene, while kinetin (0.2 mg/liter) stimulated shoot formation but simultaneously induced much lower levels of ethylene.
Influence of Altered Light Levels on Growth and Fruiting of Mature ‘Delicious’ Apple Trees1
Authors: Doud Diane S. , Ferree David C. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Available light in mature apple trees (Malus domestica Borkh.) of an unknown red strain of ‘Delicious’ on Mailing (M) 9 rootstocks was altered throughout the 1978 growing season by the use of reflectors, overhead lights, and shade material. Undertree reflectors increased light within the tree canopy about 20% at anthesis, 10-30% through mid-season, and 35% at harvest. Light was reduced within the canopy 20% at bloom and 10-20% the remainder of the season by over-tree shade. Shading reduced fruit set by 62% and reflectors had no effect. Red fruit color was reduced by shading and increased by reflector treatments, particularly in the lower half of the tree. Total yield and soluble solids were decreased by shading, but no significant differences were obtained by attempts to increase light. Reflectors and overhead light increased and shading reduced specific leaf weight. Shading increased levels of P, K, B and Zn and reduced Ca and Mg. None of the treatments altered total nonstructural carbohydrate (CHO) levels in several tissues at bloom. However, shading reduced percent CHO in both spur and shoot leaves in June and July, but increased CHO in these tissues at harvest.
An Anatomical and Morphological Study of Abscission in Highbush Blueberry Fruit1
Authors: Gough R. E. , Litke W. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Berry/pedicel abscission zone formation in cultivated highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) during fruit ripening appeared at the distal portion of the transition zone (disc) separating the berry and the pedicel. The abscission zone was first evident as a compressed zone of cells at the periphery of the berry/pedicel junction in the immature green stage of berry development. Cell separation initially appeared during the green-pink berry stage concomitant with berry coloration. Separation was characterized primarily by cell wall rupture. No separation layer was formed through either the berry epidermis or the vascular bundles. The number of berries without attached pedicels separating from the cluster under applied force was closely related to the stage of ripening of the fruit. Stresses imparted during ripening by rupturing internal tissues are evident in definite morphological changes appearing on the surface of the fruit.
The Ontogeny and Cytogenesis of Cork Spot in ‘York Imperial’ Apple Fruit1
Authors: Miller Robert H. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Histogenetic studies of the young fruit revealed that incipient cork spot in ‘York Imperial’ apples (Malus domestica Borkh.) may appear as early as 3 weeks after fruit set, and that it initially becomes evident as a sporadic gradual necrosis of several parenchymatous cells of the outer cortex. About 1 month later, healthy enlarging cortical cells contiguous to the necrotic region undergo a redifferentiation via direct nuclear or amitotic divisions that result in a promiscuous intracellular proliferation of daughter cells. These remain within the confines of the original mother cell wall until it ruptures. The amitotic nuclei assume a variety of configurations and divide by cleavage. The method by which cell walls form between the intracellular proliferations is undetermined, and there is no evidence of cell plate formation. Once initiated, cork spot proliferation occurs only within the parenchymatous cells of the fruit cortex and is continuous throughout the growing season. There is no evidence of an internal cork cambium per se. Cork spot is not invariably associated with the vascular bundles, and there is no distinct evidence of the senescence of vascular bundles resulting principally from the necrosis. The necrotic condition becomes visible externally as a slightly sunken epidermal discoloration about 3 months after fruit set.
Spray Chrysanthemum Production with Controlled-release Fertilizer and Trickle Irrigation1
Authors: Harbaugh B. K. , Wilfret G. J. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Various rates, types, and formulations of controlled-release fertilizers were evaluated as potential components in a trickle irrigation production system for spray chrysanthemums (Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat.). Optimum rates of total-N, with 34 kg N/ha as soluble 6-2.6-5 (N-P-K) and the remainder as 14-6.1-11.6 Osmocote, were estimated to be from 489-501 kg per planted hectare in 2 tests. Other formulations or ratios of Osmocote and urea formaldehyde fertilizers at similar rates did not improve production or were not comparable to Osmocote 14-6.1-11.6 or to the commercial practice of weekly overhead liquid fertilization. A water savings of 70-80% was estimated with the controlled-release fertilizer-trickle irrigation system compared to overhead irrigation, while yields (marketable stems and height) were similar to those produced with overhead-liquid fertilization practices.
The Behavior of Peach and Pear Trees under Extreme Drought Stress1
Authors: Proebsting E. L. , Middleton J. E. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Trees of peach (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch) and pear (Pyrus communis L.) were grown without irrigation and received only 86-mm rainfall during the growing season. Many peach trees died after experiencing leaf water potentials below −30 bars in July and August. Defoliation began in July, fruit growth was arrested, flavor was astringent, and flower buds failed to differentiate. Pear trees survived under similar conditions although tops died back or grew poorly and flowering was reduced. Regrowth came from trunks and lower scaffolds. Heavy pruning (“dehorning”) delayed the appearance of drought symptoms until very late in the season and resulted in 100% survival of both peach and pear trees. Heavy thinning of peaches in early June did not affect current season's symptoms but apparently reduced dieback and death of trees.
Horticultural Characteristics of Native Vaccinium darrowi, V. elliottii, V. fuscatum, and V. myrsinites in Alachua County, Florida1
Authors: Lyrene P. M. , Sherman W. B. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Date of 50% anthesis, date of 50% fruit ripening, length of fruit development period, fruit size, flavor, scar and color were determined for random samples of V. darrowi Camp, V. elliottii (Chapm.) Small, V. fuscatum Ait., and V. myrsinites Lam. growing in their native habitats in Alachua County, Florida. Mean berry weight ranged from 25.1 eg for V. fuscatum to 17.8 eg for V. myrsinites. V. elliottii flowered and ripened early, with only 60 days from flowering to ripening for 5 plants. V. myrsinites and V. darrowi flowered late, about 1 to 2 weeks after commercial V. ashei Reade, but ripened with V. ashei. Fruit ranged from shiny black to moderately glaucous for V. elliottii and V. darrowi but was black for V. fuscatum and V. myrsinites. Variance analysis suggested that selecting the best clone within a species is almost as important as selecting the best species in breeding most traits.
Comparison of Apple Planting Methods1
Authors: Auxt Tara , Blizzard Steven , Elliott Kendall 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The tractor-mounted soil auger, a commonly used machine for simplifying the planting of apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) trees, was shown to create a compact hole wall that remains evident over time. Penetrometer measurements of 1- to 3-year-old auger plantings were significantly higher at the interface of bisected tree holes than at either the backfill or undisturbed soil regions. In a comparison of the auger to a backhoe, a commercial tree planter, a ditch trencher, and an auger modified to fracture the sides of the planting hole, shoot length and anchorage measurements of trees planted by the alternative planting methods surpassed those planted by the conventional auger. Trees planted by backhoe or tree planter were most successfully established.
Flowering Crab Apples as Potential Pollinizers for Commercial Apple Cultivars1
Authors: Crassweller R. M. , Ferree D. C. , Nichols L. P. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Fifty-nine flowering crab apple cultivars (Malus spp.) were evaluated in 1977 and 1978 to determine time and pattern of bloom period relative to that of 5 commercial cultivars. The crab apple cultivars ‘David’, ‘Simpson 10-35’, and ‘Ellen Gerhart’ had similar bloom patterns with the commercial cultivars, ‘Delicious’, ‘Jonathan’, ‘Golden Delicious’ and ‘Gallia Beauty’. Bloom patterns of ‘Donald Wyman’ and ‘Indian Magic’ were similar to the bloom patterns of ‘Jonathan’, ‘Golden Delicious’, and ‘Delicious’. ‘E.H. Wilson’, M. robusta ‘Erecta’, ‘Ormiston Roy’, ‘Sentinel’, and ‘Turesi’ had bloom patterns that were similar with ‘McIntosh’. Hand pollination with pollen from 10 crab apple cultivars resulted in fruit set on ‘Delicious’ equal to open pollination or hand pollination with ‘Jonathan’ pollen.
Fibrous Root Distribution of ‘Pineapple’ Orange Trees on Rough Lemon Rootstock at Three Tree Spacings1
Authors: Castle William S. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Fibrous root densities were determined for 16-year-old ‘Pineapple’ orange [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osb.] trees on rough lemon (C. jambhiri Lush.) rootstock spaced 3.0 × 4.6 m, 4.6 × 6.1 m, and 6.1 × 7.6 m and growing in a deep, central Florida sandy soil. Samples were taken from 1.9 m deep borings at 2 dripline locations and midway between trees in the row and between adjacent rows. The fibrous root systems penetrated to 1.9 m and were well-distributed. Samples from the widest spaced trees generally had lower root densities while the densities of samples from the other spacings were greater and suggested the overlapping of adjacent root systems. Root density was greatest in the surface sample for all spacings and generally decreased with depth. The extensive development and density of the fibrous root systems suggested that root competition was not likely to be a primary limiting factor in higher density plantings grown under comparable conditions.
Responses Triggered by the Immune System in Hypertensive Conditions
and Repercussions on Target Organ Damage: A Review
Authors: da Silva Carlos Henrique Nascimento Domingues , Guedes Idrys Henrique Leite , de Lima Jefferson Carlos Santos , Sobrinho João Marcelo Duarte Ribeiro , dos Santos Angela Amancio 
Published: September 2022

Background:
Hypertension is a chronic, multifactorial clinical condition characterized
by sustained high blood pressure levels. It is often associated with functional-structural alterations
of target organs, which include heart, brain, kidneys, and vasculature.

Objective:
This study highlights the recent correlation between the immune system and hypertension
and its repercussions on target-organ damage.

Methods:
The descriptors used for the search of the study were "hypertension", "immunity", and
"target organs". The methodology of the study followed the main recommendations of the PRISMA
statement.

Results:
The damage to the vasculature arises mainly from the migration of T cells and monocytes
that become pro-inflammatory in the adventitia, releasing TNF-α, IFN-γ, and IL-17, which induce
endothelial damage and hinder vascular relaxation. In the renal context, the inflammatory process
associated with hypertension culminates in renal invasion by leukocytes, which contribute to the
injury of this organ by mechanisms of intense sympathetic stimulation, activation of the reninangiotensin
system, sodium retention, and aggravation of oxidative stress. In the cardiac context,
hypertension increases the expression of pro-inflammatory elements, such as B, T, and NK cells, in
addition to the secretion of IFN-γ, IL-17, IL-23, and TNF-α from angiotensin II, reactive oxygen
species, and aldosterone. This pro-inflammatory action is also involved in brain damage through
SphK1. In view of the above, the participation of the immune system in hypertension-induced injuries
seems to be unequivocal.

Conclusion:
Therefore, understanding the multifactorial mechanisms related to hypertension will
certainly allow for more efficient interventions in this condition, preventing target organ damage.
A Simple Mthod for Building Orientation Definition of Standardized Preschool Design in Brazilian Climatic Zones
Authors: Sartori Gabriela , Ayres Torres Maurício Carvalho , da Silva Filho Luiz Carlos Pinto 
Published: September 2022

Introduction:
Brazilian Government's Proinfância Program developed Standardized Preschool Designs (SPDs) to ensure children's access to preschool while reducing design costs and shortening bidding and construction processes. Local administrations are expected to define the SPD’s building orientation in an available site, Proinfância provides no information regarding the SPDs' building orientation definition.

Methods:
This study proposes a simple method to help local administrations to define an adequate building orientation of SPDs in the eight Brazilian climatic zones aiming for thermal performance and thermal comfort. This method combines the ABNT NBR 15.575:2013 simulation method for thermal performance assessment and the ASHRAE Standard 55-2017 Adaptive Model for thermal comfort assessment. The SPD Type 2 was chosen for the method validation, and a decision-support framework was developed to solve divergences among conflicting results.

Results:
Thermal performance and thermal comfort assessments demonstrated that Type 2 is more suitable for warmer CZs. In some CZs, the thermal comfort results showed significant variations with the building orientation shift. The proposed method proved to be adequate to indicate building orientation to Proinfância Program’ Type 2.

Conclusion:
In addition, this study allowed the elaboration of a building orientation’s recommendations’ list for each Brazilian climatic zone. Municipal administrations might use the results to guarantee thermally qualified indoor spaces based in cientific evidences. The data collected contribute to the advancement of knowledge in the field of thermal comfort regarding naturally conditioned preschool buildings.
Vetwinning in de Swifterbantcultuur. Een interpretatie van een vindplaats te Nieuwegein-Beatrixsluis
Authors: Veldhuis Joshua 
Published: September 2022

Fat rendering at a Swifterbant site at Nieuwegein Beatrixsluis. An archaeological site near the Beatrixsluis locks at Nieuwegein, in the province of Utrecht, is interpreted with the aid of ethno-archaeological parallels as a location for bone-fat extraction. The site, radiocarbon-dated as belonging to the Swifterbant culture (5300-3400 BC), was situated on the southern slope of a natural levee of the Benschop river. The archaeological artefacts, consisting mostly of a large amount of fragmented animal bones and a few pieces of flint and pottery, were found near a surface hearth. The most striking feature of these animal bones was the severe fragmentation whereby almost all of the bones had been burned. A comparison for this extensive fragmentation is found in ethno-archaeological descriptions of bone-fat extraction. The most distinctive criteria for this process are similar to the bone remains at Nieuwegein: the high level of fragmentation, the types of bones and the type of species. Therefore the site is interpreted as a location for bone-fat extraction from bones of presumably domesticated animals. Given the spatial patterns, this fat rendering was performed during the winter months, possibly by the inhabitants of the nearby Swifterbant site of “Het Klooster” to supplement a dearth of animal fat for either consumption or other uses.
De verdwenen Eems, een participatieproject in het grensgebied
Authors: Arnoldussen Stijn , Fries Jana Esther , Groenendijk Henny , Heumüller Marion , Peeters Hans , Vuijk Wim 
Published: September 2022

The lost Ems, a participatory project in the border region. Since 2017, the GIA and NLD have conducted joint research into a fossil branch of the river Ems between Landegge (Ldkr. Emsland) and Sellingen (prov. Groningen), where this branch merged with the Runde system as the Ruiten Aa/Westerwoldsche Aa. As its flanking river dunes were intensively exploited by farming communities up to the middle/late Iron Age, this string of settlements became an umbilical cord linking the Westerwolde region with the Ems bank, especially after accelerated peat growth intensified the barrier posed by the Bourtanger Moor. Mapping the fossil river, its regime and riverbank occupation as well as its abandonment goes hand-in-hand with involving today’s landowners and local residents, explaining to them that there is more to the supposedly poor cultural history of this hinterland zone than the era of peatbog exploitation and the Emslandlager during WWII.
Het Pollino Archaeological Landscape Project (PALP)
Authors: Attema Peter , De Neef Wieke , Larocca Antonio , Maurer Arnoud 
Published: September 2022

The Pollino Archaeological Landscape Project. The authors report on a new project, the Pollino Archaeological Landscape Project (PALP) that focuses on landscape and archaeological research of the Pollino mountains. This range is located on the border of the provinces of Basilicata and Calabria in southern Italy and is part of the Pollino National Park, founded in 1993 and declared a UNESCO Geopark in 2015. The objective of the PALP is to reconstruct transhumance routes and to map related seasonal pastoral habitations and facilities in the uplands that were still in use in the recent past, and to study the socio-economic connections with the lower-lying, permanently inhabited parts of the landscape. The results will increase the interpretative potential of archaeological patterns in the landscape studied by GIA researchers in the framework of the Raganello Archaeological Project, of which PALP is an extension.
Op een veelbewoond eiland: een (drone) pilotstudie naar effectieve sitekartering in arctisch Canada
Authors: Take Jelke 
Published: September 2022

On a crowded island: A (drone)pilot study to effective site mapping in arctic Canada. As drones offer a flexible and economical method for aerial archaeological data acquirement, the effectiveness of large-scale drone mapping/survey in the Canadian Arctic was tested at the Nunavut archaeological site Uglit. Archaeological research in this part of the world is logistically challenging and economically costly. Therefore, drones offer a relatively simple and inexpensive alternative to traditional surface surveys. Many of the archaeological features at Uglit are apparent in the drone imagery and the acquired data is well-suited for further site analysis. In the future, archaeological mapping of Canadian arctic sites by drones is likely to become a more integrated feature of research projects.
Kledij van de bewoners van het terpengebied in de vroege middeleeuwen
Authors: Vrielink Anne 
Published: September 2022

Frisian dress in the Early Middle Ages. A short examination of three case studies, focusing on the Bernuthsfeld Man, headdresses from Frisia and beads and brooches from the terp mounds, was performed in order to answer the question whether there was a particular and distinctive “Frisian” style of dress in the early Middle Ages (500-1000). The research shows that complicated weave patterns such as tartans were available to most social classes, both lighter and darker colours were worn, gender and social status were expressed by dress and accessories, and finally, that although a particular “Frisian” dress could not be determined, there were distinctive Frisian elements in the way people dressed. An explanation for this is that different cultures often mutually influence each other, as was the case among the Frisians.