bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between Awareness on the Neurophysiologic Effects of Caffeine and Consumption of Caffeinated Beverages among Saudi University Students
Authors: Alshakhs Hassan , Fabella Eduardo , Al Hassan Yasser , Alsultan Muntathir , Alshuwyash Mohammed 
Published: September 2022

Background:
Caffeine is known to have numerous neurophysiologic effects. This study aimed to determine the association between university students’ awareness on the neurophysiologic effects of caffeine and their coffee consumption.

Methods:
An analytic cross-sectional study design was utilized. A 45-item questionnaire was distributed to 523 randomly selected students at the College of Applied Medical Sciences at King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia. Collected data was subjected to estimation of proportion and logistic regression analyses using EpiInfo version 7.

Results:
Coffee consumption was prevalent among the university students (58.62%, 95% CI: 54.22% - 62.89%). Majority of university students were unaware about the potential effects of caffeine to reduce suicide risk and the development of Alzheimer’s disease. Increased coffee consumption was associated with awareness that caffeinated beverage consumption could lead to a decrease in suicide risk (OR = 1.6286, p = 0.0506) and awareness that caffeinated beverage consumption could help increase alertness (OR = 2.4462, p = 0.0458).

Conclusion:
Caffeinated-beverage consumption is prevalent among Saudi university students. Awareness on potential increased alertness effects of caffeine consumption were significantly associated with caffeinated beverages consumption.
A Review on Therapeutic Potential of Indian Herbal Plants to Counter
Viral Infection and Disease Pathogenesis
Authors: Rajawat Jyotika , Banerjee Monisha 
Published: September 2022

Abstract:
Herbal plant extracts or purified phytocomponents have been extensively acknowledged in treating several diseases since time immemorial. The Indian Ayurvedic system and Chinese traditional medicines have documented the medicinal properties of important herbs and their effects. In Ayurveda, polyherbal formulation is known to exhibit better therapeutic efficacy compared to single herb. This review focuses on six key ayurvedic herbal plants namely, Tinosporacordifolia (giloi/guduchi), Withaniasomnifera (Ashwagandha), Glycyrrhiza glabra/Licorice (Mulethi), Zingiberofficinale (Ginger), Emblicaofficinalis(Amla) and Ocimum sanctum (Tulsi).Each of these herbal plants possesses specific phytocomponents that aid them in fighting infections and keeping body healthy and stress free. These medicinal plants are known to exhibit several protective features against various diseases or infections. Here we have particularly emphasized on antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and immunomodulatory properties which are common in these six plants. Recent literature analysis has revealed Ashwagandha to be protective for Covid-19 too. The formulation from such herbs can exhibit synergism and hence better effectiveness against infection and related diseases. Hence, the importance of these medicinal herbs becomes highly prominent as it maintains the harmonious balance by way of boosting the immunity in a human body. Further, greater mechanistic analyses are required to prove their efficacy to fight infectious diseases like Covid-19. It further opens the arena for in-depth research of identifying and isolating the active components from these herbs and evaluating their potency to inhibit viral infections as polyherbal formulation.
Pemetaan Multi Rawan Bencana di Kabupaten Semarang
Authors: Alwi Mulyadi , Maharti Adita Wahyu Ning , Rakhmadini Annisa , Prastiyawan Didik , Rakhmatika Mega , Adalya Natasya Michelle , Rosyida Yofi Sabilia , Hizbaron Dyah Rahmawati 
Published: September 2022

Abstrak Kabupaten Semarang merupakan wilayah yang berpotensi mengalami bencana alam seperti tanah longsor, kekeringan dan banjir. Fenomena tersebut dapat terjadi karena berbagai faktor seperti letak wilayah, karakteristik wilayah, dan aktivitas manusia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi sebaran spasial wilayah yang rawan terhadap bencana longsor, kekeringan, dan banjir di Kabupaten Semarang secara sekaligus. Hasil berupa peta rawan bencana longsor, kekeringan, dan banjir diperoleh melalui hasil pemberian kelas dan pembobotan menggunakan metode Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) serta pohon kriteria menggunakan Spatial Multi-Criteria Evaluation (SMCE) yang kemudian dilakukan tumpang tindih untuk menghasilkan peta multi rawan bencana. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat kerawanan bencana Kabupaten Semarang didominasi oleh kategori agak rawan, diikuti secara berturut-turut oleh kelas aman dan kelas rawan. Diketahui bahwa sebagian besar pegunungan struktural merupakan daerah yang agak rawan dan sebagian lainnya termasuk rawan, sedangkan lereng kaki merupakan bentuklahan yang dikategorikan paling aman. Dominasi kategori agak rawan tersebut memerlukan adanya mitigasi sebagai upaya mengurangi risiko bencana. Abstract Semarang Regency is an area that is prone to natural disasters such as landslides, droughts and floods. These phenomenons occur due to various factors such as its geographical locations, the characteristics of the area, and human activities. This research aims to identify the spatial distribution of areas prone to landslides, droughts, and floods in Semarang Regency, combined. The outputs of disaster prone map of landslides, droughts, and floods are generated by the classification and weighting using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) also processed with a criteria tree using Spatial Multi-Criteria Evaluation (SMCE) ) which then overlaid to produce a multi-disaster prone map. The results showed that the level of disaster susceptibility in Semarang Regency was dominated by the less susceptible category, followed by the safe then susceptible category, respectively. Most of the structural mountains are less susceptible areas and some are classified as susceptible, while the slopes of the foot are the most secure landforms. The dominance of less susceptible categories requires mitigation as an effort to reduce disaster risk.
Knowledge and Practice of Physicians About Vitamin B12 deficiency among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients in Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alrumaikhani Fahad , Rabbani Unaib 
Published: September 2022

Objectives:
To assess knowledge and practice of physicians regarding Vitamin B12 Screening among Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and assess knowledge of physicians about recent American diabetic association (ADA) guidelines updates.
Methods:
A cross sectional study was conducted at Primary Health Care (PHC) centers in Buraidah, Qassim from January to April 2022. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire which was based on ADA guidelines among all physicians of PHCs. Statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 23.0 was used for analysis. Frequencies and percentages were calculated for categorical variables and means with standard deviations were calculated for continuous variables.
Results:
About 135 (72.2%) physicians would test T2DM patients who are on metformin for Vitamin B12, and only 65 (34.8) would test them annually. Early signs of Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) are pain, burning sensation, tangling sensation, numbness and loss of protective sensation (LOPS). Only 23 (12.3%) of them knew the all five symptoms. Forty-five (45.5%) of participants would not treat DPN with B12 supplementation. Only (57.2%) order Vit B12 testing for DM2 who are on metformin, and (49.2%), (29.4%) would order them if the patient has neuropathy and on annual basis respectively. Majority of physicians (70.6%) give Vit B12 supplements as treatment of DPN.
Conclusions:
There is poor knowledge and practices related to B12 deficiency among primary care physicians. This calls for training and educating primary care physicians regarding B12 deficiency screening, neuropathy and their management. There is also need for providing sufficient resources in order to ensure B12 screening in high risk diabetic patients.
ANALISIS LIFE SKILL SISWA DENGAN PENDEKATAN CHEMOENTREPRENEURSHIP PADA MATERI ASAM BASA
Authors: Amelia Misdarianti , Yasthophi Arif 
Published: September 2022

This research aimed at knowing how student life skill after being taught by using Chemoentrepreneurship approach. This research was conducted at the second semester in the Academic Year of 2019/2020 in State Senior High School 1 East Kampar on Acid-Base lesson. It was a Descriptive research with The One-Shot Case Study design. The samples were the 31 of the eleventh-grade students of MIPA 1, and Purposive sampling technique was used in this research. The instruments of this research were observation, questionnaire, and test. The data analysis showed that student life skill on academic skill aspect was on very good category with the percentage 84.68% and vocational skill aspect was on good category with the percentage 79.82%. So, student life skill with Chemoentrepreneurship approach overall was on very good category with the percentage 82.25%.Keywords : Life Skill, Chemoentrepreneurship Acid-Base
Desain dan Uji Coba Media Pembelajaran E-learning Berbasis Blog Pada Materi Sistem Periodik Unsur
Authors: Octarya Zona 
Published: September 2022

The average of students and teachers at Islamic Senior High School of Nurul Hidayah Sungai Salak already have Android. However, students tended to use Android just as the communication, entertainment, and social media tools. Even though, it could be used to support them in the learning process, namely applicative learning media. The solution for students’ Android can be utilized optimally by designing an E-Learning learning media in the form of a Blog on priodic system of elements lesson. This research aimed at knowing the levels of validity, practicality, and student response to Blog based E-Learning learning media on Periodic System of the Elements lesson that was developed. It was a Research and Development (R&D) with Borg and Gall development model that 10 steps were reduced to 5. The subjects of this research were a material expertlecturer, a media expert lecturer, a Chemistry subject teacher, and 10 the tenth-grade students atIslamic Senior High School of Nurul Hidayah Sungai Salak. The research findings showed that the levels of validity and practicality of Blog based E-Learning learning media were stated very valid and very practical with the assessment percentages bya material expert, a media expert, and a Chemistry subject teacher continuously 100%, 96%, and 100%. The result of student response overall to Blog based E-Learning learning mediadeveloped was very good. Therefore, it was very peasible to be used as a learning media at school, so that, it would had a positive impact and optimalize the use of Android by student.
Tradisi Ter-ater dalam Harmonisasi Sosial: Resolusi Konflik dalam Kontestasi Pilkades Bilapora Barat
Authors: Anisah Nur Fadiah 
Published: September 2022

This study aims to see how the tradition of ter-ater (distributing something, usually food, to relatives and close neighbors) of the Madurese community is able to become a solution to the conflicts that arise during the Village Head Election (Pilkades) in West Bilapora. This study uses Max Weber's theory of action and the theory of hegemony offered by Gramsci. This research concludes that ter-ater can have direct implications in the conflict of two or more parties, if it is carried out by people in power who become community leaders. During the pre-election period, giving ateran to rivals is almost an error, which engenders misgivings. However, giving ateran to the people will generate sympathy for the candidate. Post-election, ter-ater can become a symbol for the village head's effort to open "new doors" toward social harmonization.
Tres herramientas virtuales para el aprendizaje colaborativo y la evaluación formativa
Authors: Schmidt Karina Inés , González Anabel Mariela , Abal Adrián Alejandro , Tanevitch Andrea 
Published: September 2022

Este escrito pretende ser una contribución para las propuestas pedagógicas mediadas por tecnologías, presentando las posibilidades que brindan tres herramientas de la web 2.0 para motivar, estimular y facilitar la interacción entre estudiantes para el trabajo colaborativo y a la vez, permitir la intervención del docente para un seguimiento y evaluación del proceso de aprendizaje colectivo. Abordamos un marco conceptual del aprendizaje colaborativo, sus bases teóricas y la evaluación formativa de actividades grupales. Describimos las características funcionales de Google Drive, Miro y Mindmeister destacando los diferentes recursos que brindan. Estas herramientas no solo se proponen con un fin de innovación tecnológica en el medio educativo, sino para potenciar los procesos de adquisición de competencias y socialización del conocimiento, desde un enfoque socio constructivista del aprendizaje. La inclusión de tecnologías para el aprendizaje colaborativo permiten a los docentes organizar el aula bimodal con el máximo aprovechamiento de los espacios virtuales.
Potential of Moringa oleifera silage to replace concentrate feed mixture in diet of lactating Damascus goats
Authors: Morsy Tarek A. , Hadhoud Fatma I. , Kholif Ahmed E. , Abu Elella Amgad A. , Olafadehan Olurotimi A. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The present study evaluates the effect of partial replacement of concentrate with Moringa oleifera silage (MOS) in the diet of lactating Damascus goats on milk production, nutrient utilization and ruminal fermentation. Fifteen lactating ewes were stratified in a quintuplicate 3 × 3 Latin square design (3 diets × 3 periods) for 90 days and fed a diet composed of a concentrate mixture and rice straw in 60:40 (DM basis) in the control group for 30 days in each period. In the other two diets, MOS was included in the control diet at 20 (MOS20 diet) or 40% (MOS40 diet) replacing the same amounts of concentrate on DM basis. Feeding MOS containing diets linearly (P<0.05) decreased non-structural carbohydrates intake, while it increased the intakes of crude protein and acid detergent fiber as well as the digestibility of the nutrients compared to the control. Moreover, MOS diets linearly increased (P<0.01) ruminal pH, concentrations of ruminal total volatile fatty acids, acetate and propionate, and concentrations of serum glucose and high-density lipoprotein. Increased milk production, concentrations of milk fat and total conjugated linoleic acid, and feed efficiency were observed with feeding MOS diets. It is concluded that concentrate feed mixture in diets of lactating Damascus goats can be replaced with M. oleifera silage up to 40% to improve their lactational performance.
Non-targeted analysis of VOCs by HS-SPME-G C/MS coupled with chemometrics as a potential tool for authentication of White Kołuda oat goose
Authors: Wojtycza Krzysztof , Gąsior Robert , Bielińska Halina , Odrzywolska Angelika 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This study tested the possibility of using non-targeted analysis of volatile organic compounds by headspace solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry coupled with chemometrics as a potential tool for differentiating leg meat of oat- and wheat-fed (ad libitum) White Kołuda geese. Thirty-six classification models were obtained for which the correct classification rate and classification accuracy for oatfed and wheat-fed geese were calculated based on a seven-fold cross-validation. Generally, the most advantageous method of the sample preparation was the high-temperature heat treatment version, whereas the highest correct classification rate was obtained when the chemometric analysis was carried out on the female, then male, and finally male + female variant of group comparisons (P<0.01). Furthermore, log-transformation appeared to be a slightly better data preprocessing technique in comparison to systematic ratio normalization. The obtained classification models can potentially differentiate the meat of oat-fattened from wheat-fattened White Kołuda geese.
The effect of time-saving household appliance ownership on outcomes for children and married women: evidence from India
Authors: Bhargava Smriti , Kerr Amanda 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We use microlevel data from the India Human Development Survey to test our hypothesis that ownership of time-saving household appliances results in the following: an increase in employment rates for married women; an increase in school enrollment rates; and a decrease in employment rates for children. We address the concern of endogeneity of appliance ownership by instrumenting household ownership of time-saving appliances by two family-specific time-using household assets and (1) average ownership rate among single women living in the same primary sampling unit (for the adult female sample) or (2) average ownership among households with no children living in the same primary sampling unit (for the child sample). Our results suggest a decrease in married women's and children's employment when ownership of time-saving appliances increases. Disaggregating our measure of employment, we find that married women use time-saving appliances as a substitute for human capital and increase their probability of working in more productive employment outside of the household.
Morphological, Morphometric and Radiographic Studies on the Skull of Lesser Mole-Rats (Nannospalax leucodon)
Authors: Rizvanovic Amina , Hadziomerovic Nedzad , Bejdic Pamela , Mulaomerovic Jasminko 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Lesser mole-rats (Nannospalax leucodon) are members of the Rodentia order’s Spalacidae family, and they are found in Northeastern Africa, the Balkans, Southeastern Europe, Central Asia, the Middle East, and Caucasia. The shape of the skull has a significant impact on the phenotypic appearance of animal heads, and although many domestic species have been studied, there is a lack of evidence on the macro-anatomical characteristics of the skeletal system in mole-rats. The current research was focused on the morphological, morphometric, and radiographic properties of lesser mole-rats skull in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The research was conducted on five lesser mole-rats from Bjelasnica Mountain, Bosnia and Herzegovina. We compared the results of the previously published studies, and we found a lot of similarities between Nannospalax leucodon in Bosnia and Herzegovina and Nannospalax ehrenbergi in North Iraq, as well as the Nannospalax nehringi from Eastern Anatolia.
Stretched intradural extramedullary tanycytic ependymoma of the thoracic spine
Authors: Montemurro Nicola , Lorenzini Daniele , Ortenzi Valerio , Giorgetti Jacopo 
Published: September 2022

Background:
Tanycytic ependymoma is a rare variant of ependymoma that commonly affects the cervical and thoracic spinal cord. It usually arises as intramedullary lesions and extramedullary cases are extremely rare.

Case Description:
We present a 77-year-old woman with the complaints of a 2-year history of progressive paraparesis and sensory loss in her lower extremities. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a stretched and fusiform intradural extramedullary lesion at T5-T10 level. Gross total removal of the tumor was achieved and a definitive diagnosis of tanycytic ependymoma was established.

Conclusion:
This case thus represents a rare case of thoracic intradural extramedullary tanycytic ependymoma and, to the best of our knowledge, it represents the longest intradural extramedullary tanycytic ependymoma in craniocaudal direction ever reported in the literature.
A rare case of ruptured anterior cerebral artery infected aneurysm with angioinvasion secondary to disseminated Nocardia otitidiscaviarum: A case report and literature review
Authors: Duangprasert Gahn , Kebboonkird Dawood , Ratanavinitkul Warot , Tantongtip Dilok 
Published: September 2022

Background:
The cases of ruptured infected aneurysms secondary to disseminated nocardiosis are exceptionally rare. Therefore, there is no guideline for investigation or optimal treatment.

Case Description:
A 51-year-old man with immunocompromised status was first presented with pneumonia and cerebral infarction, where the infected aneurysm was ruptured thereafter. Intraoperative findings revealed left anterior cerebral artery thrombosis and occlusion with evidence of angioinvasion along with pus discharge which was later identified with Nocardia otitidiscaviarum. Our case was the first to report on the angioinvasive nature of cerebral nocardiosis, which occurs concurrently with a ruptured infected aneurysm and an unusual presentation that made the diagnosis and treatment challenging.

Conclusion:
Cerebral nocardiosis may cause ruptured infected aneurysms in patients with risk factors, especially for immunocompromised hosts. Furthermore, Nocardia can present with severe cerebral manifestation due to angioinvasion causing cerebral infarction accompanied by a ruptured infected aneurysm.
Seroconversion rate and socio-economic and ethnic risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection in children in a population-based cohort, Germany, June 2020 to February 2021
Authors: Brinkmann Folke , Diebner Hans H , Matenar Chantal , Schlegtendal Anne , Eitner Lynn , Timmesfeld Nina , Maier Christoph , Lücke Thomas 
Published: September 2022

Introduction
Socio-economic and ethnic background have been discussed as possible risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infections in children. Improved knowledge could lead to tailored prevention strategies and help improve infection control.

Aim
We aimed to identify risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infections in children in the first and second wave of the pandemic.

Methods
We performed an observational population-based cohort study in children (6 months–18 years) scheduled for legally required preventive examination and their parents in a metropolitan region in Germany. Primary endpoint was the SARS-CoV-2 seroconversion rate during the study period. Risk factors assessed included age, pre-existing medical conditions, socio-economic factors and ethnicity.

Results
We included 2,124 children and their parents. Seroconversion rates among children in all age groups increased 3–4-fold from June 2020 to February 2021. Only 24 of 58 (41%) seropositive children reported symptoms. In 51% of infected children, at least one parent was also SARS-CoV-2-positive. Low level of parental education (OR = 3.13; 95% CI: 0.72–13.69) non-significantly increased the risk of infection. Of the total cohort, 38.5% had a migration background, 9% of Turkish and 5% of Middle Eastern origin, and had the highest risk for SARS-CoV-2 infections (OR = 6.24; 95% CI: 1.38–28.12 and OR = 6.44 (95% CI: 1.14–36.45) after adjustment for other risk factors.

Conclusion
In the second half of 2020, seroprevalence for SARS-CoV-2 in children increased especially in families with lower-socioeconomic status. Culture-sensitive approaches are essential to limit transmission and could serve as a blueprint for vaccination strategies.