bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does Digital Transformation Enhance Corporate Risk-Taking?: Evidence from China
Authors: Wang Yanyong , Guo Yingdong 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Corporate risk-taking, as an essential factor in corporation development, is influenced by the enterprise’s strategic decision-making. Today, with the rapid development of science and technology, digital technology has a profound effect on the whole society and enterprises. Then, one question is proposed: how should enterprises make strategic decisions to deal with the current opportunities and challenges, enhance their own corporate risk-taking, and then achieve high-quality development? We collected the data from companies listed on China’s Shenzhen Stock Exchange and Shanghai Stock Exchange from 2010 to 2020.
Starting from the corporate risk-taking perspective, we conducted an empirical analysis to validate the relationship between digital transformation of corporations and corporate risk-taking. We found that digital transformation of corporations enhanced corporate risk-taking. The enhanced effect was realized as digital transformation improved the information disclosure quality and asset utilization. The enhanced effect was even greater if the enterprise occupied a less favorable competitive position or received less media attention. This paper reviews the literature concerning economic consequences of enterprise digital transformation, shed new light on the enterprise’s selection of digital strategies to achieve sustainable development, and guides the digital transformation of an enterprise.
Blue Disciple: A Christian Call for the Sea in Peril
Authors: Maggang Elia 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This article offers the notion of ‘blue disciple’ as a constructive concept that might encourage and enlarge Christian engagements in dealing with the contemporary marine ecological crisis. I start with a discussion on the sea in Christian ecological discourse and practice. Then, I reread Jesus’ call for the four Galilean fishermen in Mark 1:16–20 to construct this idea of a blue disciple navigated by the community of creation paradigm. The blue disciple insists that engaging in efforts to overcome the marine ecological crisis in order to let the sea and its creatures flourish is a Christian call. Christian churches are, thus, invited to participate in a blue discipleship.
Good Soldiering and Re-Virtuing Military Ethics Training
Authors: Cronshaw Darren 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
With warfare’s increasing complexity and damage from ethical failures, it is critical for defence forces to develop best practice training in military ethics. As the Australian Army’s Good Soldiering program suggests, soldiers require technical but also ethical competence. But how are ethical behaviours and the virtues they depend on cultivated in soldiers and how can chaplains contribute as public theologians? Military ethics education includes teaching just war principles of Laws of Armed Conflict, as well as understanding illegal orders and command responsibility. But ultimately ethical behaviour, following Aristotle, is grounded in character development and best informed by a revival of virtue ethics. Case studies are a training format which cultivate virtues and their application. Military ethics training at its best is virtue-based and practiced with simulated dilemmas in order to equip soldiers to act justly and exercise ‘good soldiering’ in the home, barracks, field and operations.
Allying with Unbelievers: Hugo Grotius’s Letters to East-Indian Rulers
Authors: de Wilde Marc 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The article examines a series of letters written by Hugo Grotius to East-Indian rulers on behalf of the Dutch East India Company (VOC). Drafts of these letters have been preserved at the Dutch National Archives. In his letters, Grotius developed several new ideas about alliances with non-Christians, which would later be included in his writings on natural law and the law of nations. He addressed the non-Christian rulers of the East Indies as sovereigns. He argued that the Dutch had a right to protect their non-Christian allies, even against other Christians, such as the Spaniards and Portuguese. Crucially, Grotius developed a justification for the VOC’s monopoly on the spice trade, which he defended as a just compensation for the expenses it had incurred in ‘liberating’ its East-Indian allies from Iberian ‘tyranny’. He thereby provided a legal framework for the VOC’s ‘informal empire’ in the East Indies.
A Literary Analysis of Memory Books
Authors: Oike Machiko 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This study analyses, based on field research and textual analysis, memory book projects in Uganda as a folk-literary form. The memory book is a formatted workbook written by a parent, often a widowed mother living with HIV, for their child, about their family history, the parent’s life experiences, and their early memories of the child. This study first discusses the collective writing of memory books and how writers help each other in group writing sessions. It then analyses two memory books written by a 66-year old HIV-positive widowed farmer. It discusses her orality-imbued written narrative of history and daily life, and examines her representation of HIV. Instead of confronting her pain with a pen, like many literate writers, she contains the pain by embedding the passages on HIV within her broader life story. Thus, she surmounts and survives HIV and lives harmoniously amid her community, her family, and their history.
Postmodern Doctrines and Poetic Vision in G’Ebinyo Ogbowei’s marsh boy & other poems
Authors: Owhorodu Valentine Chimenem 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This paper explores and queries the reliance on postmodernist doctrines that continue to flood the Nigerian cultural and intellectual spaces. Essentially, postmodernism undermines established religious, cultural and political metanarratives that guide the sense of morality, order and decorum that are characteristic of many African societies. To examine the infiltration of the postmodernist philosophy into the Nigerian ideological space, a significant place to begin is the country’s literary productions. Ebinyo Ogbowei’s marsh boy & other poems is a compelling commentary on the author’s appropriation of postmodern creeds to counter long-established metanarratives which have allegedly abetted the fractured political and economic climate of many countries. The poet adopts revolutionary aesthetics, intertextuality, eclecticism, nihilism and pessimism, pornography and playfulness and ruptures linguistic and grammatical conventions to affirm his philosophy of progressive emancipation through revolutionary, nihilistic, and subversive acts. In the end, his postmodernist strategies fail because they plunge his fictional society into deeper chaos and lack of finality and closure, while he embraces coital diversion as an escape hatch from the vagaries of life. This places a huge question mark on the viability of postmodern protocols, especially as it concerns the undermining of religious and cultural metanarratives that have so far provided humanity guidelines for social and political decorum.
Introduction: Forced Migration and the Limits of Citizenship
Authors: Barclay Fiona 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This article argues that the qualities associated with citizenship were put under increased pressure by the dissolution of states that followed the wars and the collapse of empires in the mid-twentieth century. The reconfigured states faced the challenge of redefining their national identity and, consequently, their relationship with the constituent populations. Displacements, both internal and across redrawn borders, were a frequent occurrence. The introduction argues that the experiences of what Arendt terms ‘national minorities’ demonstrate the inconsistencies in the protection offered to citizens whose ethnicity or race differed from the state’s imagined ideal citizen. Structured in two parts, this special issue examines firstly the response of states and finds that they wield citizenship law as a means of shaping and regulating their national identity. Secondly, it examines the implications of displacement for citizens, and their new cultural distinctiveness and sense of belonging that contribute to constructions of citizenship.
National Belonging and the Production of Neglect in the Japanese Repatriate Figure, 1945–1950
Authors: Bull Jonathan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This article analyses the discourse of national belonging produced by the Japanese government. After Japanese empire collapsed in August 1945, hikiagesha (‘repatriate’) was the term officials used to categorise approximately 3.2 million Japanese civilians in the colonies when Japan surrendered. Previous research suggests a repatriate figure emerged in postwar Japan so that non-repatriate Japanese could offload anxieties about imperial failure. Consequently, the repatriate figure was important for Japan to transition from an empire to a nation-state. This article reassesses this transition which in previous research seems to be almost a natural outcome of decolonisation. Starting from the premise that such transitions require the active involvement of specific actors, this article examines how Japanese government officials constructed a discourse of national belonging around the repatriate figure to assuage concerns about state affiliation. It then considers the effects of this discourse on the Japanese ‘extruded history’ of former colonial residents.
Portuguese (Post-)Imperial Migrations: Race, Citizenship, and Labour
Authors: Peralta Elsa , Delaunay Morgane , Góis Bruno 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This article examines the connected histories of (post)colonial migration and labour within the scope of the Portuguese empire and its aftermath. Presenting a long-term analysis, ranging from the abolition of slavery in the first half of the nineteenth century until today’s debates over the Portuguese nationality law, it focuses on the many continuities between the colonial past and the postcolonial present, in particular with respect to citizenship rights and the racialised boundaries of the Portuguese national community. Through its focus on the less well-known case of Portugal, the article highlights the processes of ethno-homogenisation and the related exclusions woven by Western European (post-)imperial nation states, which, until this day, fail to recognise full citizenship rights for millions of racialised people living within Europe’s borders.
Fashionable Climate Services: The Hats and Styles of User Engagement
Authors: Steuri Bettina , Viktor Elisabeth , El Zohbi Juliane , Jacob Daniela 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In recent years, climate service has emerged as a new field to better connect climate data providers and users of climate change–related information. The aim is to transform climate-related information into customized, user-centered products. This transformation of data is increasingly sought after by decision-makers due to public and regulatory pressure. As one of the first institutions to provide climate services, the Climate Service Center Germany (GERICS) has collected a wide range of different experiences in the field of climate services. Based on this know-how, GERICS has identified three distinct roles—we call them hats—that the institute commonly assumes as a climate service provider: the facilitator, the developer, and the trendsetter. The definition and tasks related to each of these distinct hats is presented alongside examples. The key ingredient for the success of a service product heavily depends on successful user engagement. While wearing any of the three hats and depending on a project’s context as well as the project stage, GERICS makes use of several methods to codevelop services with users. Based on past experiences, four different styles of user engagement, distinguished by the degree of intensity of participation, were established: information, consultation, dialog, and partnership. The connection of the three hats and the four styles of user engagement creates a structure in which climate service providers operate. It may help other climate service providers to reflect upon the general outline of their services and enhance the effectiveness of their engagement with users in transdisciplinary research settings.
Random Errors in the Stable Boundary Layer: Implications for Modern Observational Techniques
Authors: Greene Brian R. , Salesky Scott T. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
For decades, stable boundary layer (SBL) turbulence has proven challenging to measure, parameterize, simulate, and interpret. Uncrewed aircraft systems (UAS) are becoming a reliable method to sample the atmospheric boundary layer, offering new perspectives for understanding the SBL. Moreover, continual computational advances have enabled the use of large-eddy simulations (LES) to simulate the atmosphere at ever-smaller scales. LES is therefore a powerful tool in establishing a baseline framework to understand the extent to which vertical profiles from UAS can represent larger-scale SBL flows. To quantify the representativeness of observations from UAS profiles and eddy-covariance observations within the SBL, we performed a random error analysis using a suite of six large-eddy simulations for a wide range of stabilities. We combine these random error estimates with emulated observations of a UAS and eddy-covariance systems to better inform future observational studies. For each experiment, we estimate relative random errors using the so-called relaxed filtering method for first- and second-order moments as functions of height and averaging time. We show that the random errors can be on the same order of magnitude as other instrument-based errors due to bias or dynamic response. Unlike instrument errors, however, random errors decrease with averaging time. For these reasons, we recommend coupling UAS observations with other ground-based instruments as well as dynamically adjusting the UAS vertical ascent rate to account for how errors change with height and stability.

Significance Statement
Weather-sensing uncrewed aircraft systems are rapidly being realized as effective tools to collect valuable observations within the atmospheric boundary layer. To fully capitalize on this novel observational technique, it is necessary to develop an understanding of how well their observations can represent the surrounding atmosphere across various spatial and temporal scales. In this study we quantify the representativeness of atmospheric observations in the stable boundary layer by evaluating the random errors for parameters such as temperature, wind speed, and fluxes as estimated from a suite of large-eddy simulations. Our results can better inform future studies utilizing uncrewed aircraft systems by highlighting how random errors in their observations relate to vertical ascent rate, atmospheric stability, and measurement height.
Winter–Summer Transition in the Southern South China Sea Western Boundary Current
Authors: Xie Yi , Wang Qiang , Zeng Lili , Chen Ju , He Yunkai 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The winter–summer transition in the southern South China Sea (SCS) western boundary current (WBC) is studied. Two categories have been identified. In case 1, the southern SCS WBC transition in the lower layer (below the thermocline) lags that in the upper layer (above the thermocline). In case 2, there is no transition lag at full depth. In both categories, the geostrophic balance dominates the transition. In case 1, the upper layer geostrophic balance is dominated by the sea surface height pressure gradient (SSHPG) and Coriolis forcing during southern SCS WBC transition. Therefore, there is no transition lag with depth in the upper layer. Below the thermocline layer, the competition between the SSHPG and the density pressure gradient (DPG) determines the transition. During the transition, the amplitudes of the SSHPG and DPG are basically equivalent. The SSHPG needs time to develop sufficiently larger than the DPG. Therefore, the transition in the deeper layer significantly lags that in the shallower layer. The reversal of the SSHPG is mainly attributed to the change in the basin-scale wind stress curl over the southern SCS. The change in the DPG is mainly associated with the cooling of the water along the western continental slope, which is induced by upwelling. In case 2, there is no cooling along the western continental slope, and then the amplitude of the DPG is always far smaller than that of the SSHPG. Responding to the change in the SSHPG, the southern SCS WBC transition behaves consistently at full depth.

Significance Statement
We have a comprehensive understanding of the South China Sea (SCS) circulation patterns in winter and summer. However, their seasonal transitions remain unclear, and a better understanding of them is potentially helpful for improving ocean circulation modeling and prediction. This paper focuses on the winter–summer transition in the SCS western boundary current (WBC). Above the thermocline (∼100 m), the transition behaves consistently in the vertical direction and is controlled by the conversion of the sea surface height–induced pressure gradient. Below the thermocline, the transition in the deeper layer of the WBC significantly lags that in the shallower layer of the WBC, which is associated with the competition between the SSH-induced pressure gradient and the density-induced pressure gradient at the sea surface.
Factors associated with poor outcomes in SLE patients with COVID-19: Data from ReumaCoV-Brazil register
Authors: Carvalho Joana S , dos Reis Neto Edgard T , Kakehasi Adriana M , Ribeiro Sandra LE , Studart Samia AS , Martins Francielle P , Cavalheiro do Espírito Santo Rafaela , Ranzolin Aline , Fernandino Diana C , Dinis Valquiria G , Sato Emília I , Resende Gustavo G , Marinho Adriana , Mariz Henrique A , Sacilotto Nathália C , Ribeiro Francinne M , Shinjo Samuel K , Dias Laiza H , Yazbek Michel A , Omura Felipe , Rached Thiago HS , Gomides Ana Paula M , Marques Claudia DL , Pillegi Gecilmara CS , Mota Lícia MH , Pinheiro Marcelo M , Monticielo Odirlei A , Xavier Ricardo M , Ferreira Gilda A ,   on behalf of ReumaCoV Brasil Registry
Published: October 2022

Objectives To evaluate factors associated with COVID-19 severity outcomes in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods This was a cross-sectional analysis of baseline data of a prospective, multi-stage cohort study—“The ReumaCoV Brazil”—designed to monitor patients with immune-mediated rheumatologic disease (IMRD) during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. SLE adult patients with COVID-19 were compared with those without COVID-19. SLE activity was evaluated by the patient global assessment (PGA) and SLE Disease Activity Index 2000 (SLEDAI-2K). Results 604 SLE patients were included, 317 (52.4%) with COVID-19 and 287 (47.6%) in the control group. SLE COVID-19 patients reported a lower frequency of social isolation and worked more frequently as health professionals. There was no difference in the mean SLEDAI-2K score between groups in the post–COVID-19 period (5.8 [8.6] vs. 4.5 [8.0]; p = 0.190). However, infected patients reported increased SLE activity according to the Patient Global Assessment (PGA) during this period (2.9 [2.9] vs. 2.3 [2.6]; p = 0.031. Arterial hypertension (OR 2.48 [CI 95% 1.04–5.91], p = 0.041), cyclophosphamide (OR 14.32 [CI 95% 2.12–96.77], p = 0.006), dyspnea (OR: 7.10 [CI 95% 3.10–16.23], p < 0.001) and discontinuation of SLE treatment medication during infection (5.38 [CI 95% 1.97–15.48], p = 0.002), were independently associated with a higher chance of hospitalization related to COVID-19. Patients who received telemedicine support presented a 67% lower chance of hospitalization (OR 0.33 [CI 95% 0.12–0.88], p = 0.02). Conclusion Hypertension and cyclophosphamide were associated with a severe outcome, and telemedicine can be a useful tool for SLE patients with COVID-19.
Disparities in Loss to Follow-Up Among Adults With Congenital Heart Disease in North Carolina
Authors: Serfas J.D. , Spates Toi , D’Ottavio Alfred , Spears Tracy , Ciociola Elizabeth , Chiswell Karen , Davidson-Ray Linda , Ryan Grace , Forestieri Nina , Krasuski Richard A. , Kemper Alex R. , Hoffman Timothy M. , Walsh Michael J. , Sang Charlie J. , Welke Karl F. , Li Jennifer S. 
Published: October 2022

Background The AHA/ACC Adult Congenital Heart Disease guidelines recommend that most adults with congenital heart disease (CHD) follow-up with CHD cardiologists every 1 to 2 years because longer gaps in care are associated with adverse outcomes. This study aimed to determine the proportion of patients in North Carolina who did not have recommended follow-up and to explore predictors of loss to follow-up. Methods Patients ages ≥18 years with a healthcare encounter from 2008 to 2013 in a statewide North Carolina database with an ICD-9 code for CHD were assessed. The proportion with cardiology follow-up within 24 months following index encounter was assessed with Kaplan-Meier estimates. Cox regression was utilized to identify demographic factors associated with differences in follow-up. Results 2822 patients were identified. Median age was 35 years; 55% were female. 70% were white, 22% black, and 3% Hispanic; 36% had severe CHD. The proportion with 2-year cardiology follow-up was 61%. Those with severe CHD were more likely to have timely follow-up than those with less severe CHD (72% vs 55%, P < .01). Black patients had a lower likelihood of follow-up than white patients (56% vs 64%, P = .01). Multivariable Cox regression identified younger age, non-severe CHD, and non-white race as risk factors for a lower likelihood of follow-up by 2 years. Conclusion 39% of adults with CHD in North Carolina are not meeting AHA/ACC recommendations for follow-up. Younger and minority patients and those with non-severe CHD were particularly vulnerable to inadequate follow-up; targeted efforts to retain these patients in care may be helpful.
Surface layer protein A from hypervirulent Clostridioides difficile ribotypes induce significant changes in the gene expression of tight junctions and inflammatory response in human intestinal epithelial cells
Authors: Noori Maryam , Azimirad Masoumeh , Eslami Gita , Looha Mehdi Azizmohammad , Yadegar Abbas , Ghalavand Zohreh , Zali Mohammad Reza 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Surface layer protein A (SlpA), the primary outermost structure of Clostridioides difficile, plays an essential role in C. difficile pathogenesis, although its interaction with host intestinal cells are yet to be understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of SlpA extracted from C. difficile on tight junction (TJ) proteins expression and induction of pro-inflammatory cytokines in human colon carcinoma cell line HT-29. SlpA was extracted from three toxigenic C. difficile clinical strains including RT126, RT001, RT084 as well as C. difficile ATCC 700057 as non-toxigenic strain. Cell viability was performed by MTT assay, and the mRNA expression of TJ proteins and inflammation-associated genes was determined using quantitative RT-PCR. Additionally, the secretion of IL-8, IL-1β and TNF-α cytokines was measured by ELISA.

Results
C. difficile SlpA from selected RTs variably downregulated the expression level of TJs-assassinated genes and increased the expression level of TLR-4 and pro-inflammatory cytokines in HT-29 treated cells. SlpA from RT126 significantly (padj<0.05) decreased the gene expression level of claudins family and JAM-A and increased the secretion of IL-8, TNF-α and IL1-β as compared to untreated cells. Moreover, only SlpA from RT001 could significantly induce the expression of IL-6 (padj<0.05).

Conclusion
The results of the present study highlighted the importance of SlpA in the pathogenesis of CDI and C. difficile-induced inflammatory response in the gut. Further studies are required to unravel the significance of the observed results in promoting the intestinal inflammation and immune response induced by C. difficile SlpA from different RTs.