bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the Therapeutic Effects of Percutaneous Compression Plate for Femoral Neck Fractures in Young and Middle-Aged Patients: A Retrospective Multicenter and 2-Year Follow-Up Study
Authors: Wei Changbao , Li Haifeng , Dai Liansheng , Lu Dong , Meng Weichun , Gu Sanjun , Liu Yu , Yin Qudong 
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Traditional internal fixators include hollow compression screw (HCS) and sliding hip screw for femoral neck fractures have a high incidence of complications, and are not conducive to postoperative early rehabilitation and weight-loading of patients. Therefore, femoral neck fractures are referred to as ‘unresolved fractures’. However, single-center results of percutaneous compression plate (PCCP) have showed a significant improvement in efficacy. We retrospectively analyzed the therapeutic effects of PCCP for femoral neck fractures in young and middle-aged patients in a multi-center and >2-year follow-up.
Materials and Methods: Between January 2010 and December 2017, 331 patients with femoral neck fractures in young and middle-aged patients fixed with HCS and PCCP in four hospitals were studied retrospectively.
Results: There were 182 men and 149 women, with an average age of 47.69 years (age range, 20-65 years). HCS group vs. PCCP group (170 vs. 161). There was no significant difference in the baseline data between the two groups (P>0.05). All patients were followed-up for 24-60 months (mean, 36 months). The operative time and intraoperative bleeding were significantly decreased, whereas the hospital stay significantly longer in HCS group than those in PCCP group (P<0.05). Nonunion in 17 cases and fixation failure in 14 cases in HCS group, whereas 3 and 0 cases, respectively, in PCCP group, showing significant difference (P<0.05). Avascular necrosis (AVN) in 17 cases in HCS group while 15 cases in PCCP group, showing no significant difference (P>0.05). The overall complications in HCS group were greater than that in PCCP group (P<0.05). The Harris hip scores at 6- and 12-month follow-up in group PCCP were significantly improved than those in group HCS (P<0.05), but not significant at 18-, 24- month and last follow-up between the two groups (P>0.05).
Conclusion: Our results suggest that PCCP is a stable and reliable internal fixation device with sliding compression effect for femoral neck fractures, which has satisfactory short and mid-term therapeutic effects, but AVN remains unsolved.
Case Based Learning as a Teaching Learning Tool for Microbiology
Authors: Devi V. Kalpana , Senthil C. 
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Medical and health care related education is currently changing. In the present day scenario, didactic lectures are the main stay of teaching Microbiology in most of the medical Colleges. However didactic lecture is a teaching centered method that promotes passive learning. Active learning that integrates the knowledge of basic sciences with clinical conditions is the need of the hour. Case Based learning (CBL) is an interactive student centered approach that engages students in the process of making real world decisions.
Aim: The present study has been planned to assess the effectiveness of case based learning as compared to traditional lecture in teaching Microbiology and also to find out the students and faculty perception on Case based learning.
Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in the Department of Microbiology, ACS Medical College and Hospital, Chennai. Two diseases namely Hepatitis-B and Rabies were selected. Study involved 104 students from II MBBS and they were divided into two groups. Group A underwent a CBL session on Hepatitis-B and Group B had the Didactic lecture session on the same topic and the groups were crossed for the second phase on Rabies. Pre and post-test were conducted for both the groups and the results were analyzed using paired and unpaired t-test. Lastly structured feedback questionnaire on acceptability and usefulness of CBL was obtained from the students and the faculty.
Results: The performance of the students showed a significant improvement after the CBL sessions when compared to the Didactic lecture. Majority of the students felt that CBL is better in understanding Microbiology topic.
Conclusion: The present study shows that CBL is a better method than Didactic Lectures. Therefore CBL can be used as an adjunct to the lectures to strengthen the traditional T/L methods through active learning.
Molecular Docking and Molecular Dynamic Studies, Synthesis, Characterisation of Thiazolidine-4-One Derivatives
Authors: Ramachandran S. , Aanandhi M. Vijey 
Published: March 2022

Background: Antibacterial, antifungal, anticancer, antitubercular, anti-HIV, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and ulcerogenic activities have all been documented for thiazolidine derivatives. Molecular docking has become a crucial step in the drug discovery process, with the goal of predicting the binding mechanism and affinity of the protein-ligand complex. AutoDock is a popular non-commercial docking tool that successfully docks ligands to their target proteins (accurate and computationally fast). The Discovery Studio Visualizer is a free viewer that may be used to open data produced by other Discovery Studio tools.
Aim: The main aim of this study is:

To study the molecular docking and molecular dynamic studies of the different thiazolidine derivatives.
To synthesise the compound based on the results produced in the molecular dynamics and molecular studies.
To Characterise the synthesised compounds using FTIR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and Mass Spectral studies.

Procedure: In two phases, a new series of Thiazolidine-4-one derivatives was created. The production of Schiff base is the first step, followed by the condensation of Schiff base with Chloro acetyl chloride and subsequent cyclisation steps. FTIR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and Mass Spectroscopy were used to characterise the chemical structures of the produced compounds.
1BVR protein that was taken from the protein database website
The structures were drawn using Chem draw Ultra 8.0 and Biovia draw 2018. Using the Smiles Online Translator, it was stored in Mol format and then converted to PDB format. The Cygwin toolings were used to log all of the files.
Conclusion: The conformation was computed using a ranking system. This indicates whether the molecule has strong ligand binding energy, hydrogen bonding, and hydrophobic interaction with the receptor. According to the findings, thiazolidine-4-one derivatives have antitubercular efficacy when used in conjunction with the Enoyl-acyl carrier protein (enoyl-ACP) reductase enzyme.
For the docking analysis it indicates if the compound has strong ligand binding energy, hydrogen bonding, and hydrophobic binding with the receptor shows good activity. Using Auto dock 4.2 it was found out that among the above 20 compounds (including the control compound), C2, C5, C6, C8, C11. C13, C15 and C17 directly bind with the functional domain (Casein kinase II phosphorylation site) of the amino acid (252 to 255). The above compounds bind at the 252nd position of the Chain C, where Alanine is present (The target protein, 1BVR () contains ABCDEF chains).
Induction of Bax and Activation of Caspases Hydro Ethanoic Leaf Extract of Citrullus colocynthis(L)- Mediated Apoptosis in Human Liver Cancer Cells Hep G2
Authors: Swetha K. , Priya A. Jothi , Jayaraman Selvaraj , Devi R. Gayatri 
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Citrullus colocynthis is a desert plant of the cucurbitaceae family. C. colocynthis grows in many countries with semi dry lands and that seeds are rich in oil which can encourage their sustainable agriculture to produce an economic biodiesel with a competitive price. Apoptosis, also termed as programmed cell death this is a key regulator of tissue homeostasis.
Aim of the Study: To study the induction of bax and activation of caspases hydro ethanolic leaf extract of Citrullus colocynthis (L)- mediated apoptosis in human liver cancer cells Hep G2.
Materials and Methods: In the present study, a human liver cancer cell line was procured from the National Centre for Cell science (NCCS), Pune, India. The cytotoxic potential of plant extract was analysed by MTG assay. mRNA expression of BaxmRNA and caspase-mRNA were analysed by Real-Time PCR using gene specific primers and a comparative CT method was used to analyse expression of genes. The data were analysed statistically using Graph pad prism software Version 5.
Results: MTT analysis showed that Citrullus colocynthis a significant increase in proliferation of human liver cancer cells (P<0.05) compared to untreated cells. However, 400 and 500 /g of the extract showed maximum effect in controlling cell growth. Results of the <mRNA expression analysis showed that Citrullus colocynthis reduced the expression of BaxmRNA/ caspase-mRNA in human liver cancer cells at 400 and 500 /g (P<0.05).
Discussion: The anticancer effect of Citrullus colocynthis has been via a variety of pathways which includes apoptotic pathway, anti-inflammatory traits, and antioxidant pathway, etc [1]. Effect of HEAM on the mRNA level of tumor related genes (p53, Bcl-2), inflammatory (IL-1β, IL-6 and c-jun) and anti-inflammatory (IL-4) cytokines. Representative photographs of ethidium-bromide-stained 2% agarose gels for each gene after 7 months of treatment.
Conclusion: The hydroethanolic leaf extract obtained from the Citrullus colocynthis exhibited anti-proliferative effect on human liver cancer cells HepG2 cell line by affecting the expression of the Bax mRNA and Bax mRNA and hindering the cell viability. Hence, it can be a great scope for using the extract into medicinal properties with further studies to improve herbal medicine for cancer over expensive drugs.
Design, Synthesis of Mannich Bases Derivatives of Thiosemicarbazide and their Evaluation for Anticancer Activity using Potato Disk Bioassay Method
Authors: Patil Geetanjali Sandip , Pishawikar Sachin Ashok 
Published: March 2022

Mannich bases and thiosemicarbazide individually are known to show verity of pharmacological activities such as anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antifilarial, antibacterial, antifungal, anticonvulsant, anthelmintic, antitubercular, analgesic, anti-HIV, antimalarial, antipsychotic, antiviral and so forth. As novel attempt in present work in first step synthesis of verity of mannich bases is done using structurally different types of aldehyde, ketones and amines. The condensation of synthesized mannich bases is done with thiosemicarbazide to form a novel class of compounds called mannich bases of thiosemicarbazide. Use of bioassay is one of the ways of carrying out preliminary investigation of activity. A. tumefaciens induced potato disc tumor assay has been used to investigate anticancer activity of synthesized compounds. The compounds B2, B4, B25, B26, B28, B29 and B30 have shown same or better inhibitory activity compared to Gemcitabine used as standard.
Xenogenic Neural Stem Cell‐Derived Extracellular Nanovesicles Modulate Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Fate and Reconstruct Metabolomic Structure
Authors: Derkus Burak , Isik Melis , Eylem Cemil Can , Ergin Irem , Camci Can Berk , Bilgin Sila , Elbuken Caglar , Arslan Yavuz Emre , Akkulak Merve , Adali Orhan , Kiran Fadime , Okesola Babatunde O. , Nemutlu Emirhan , Emregul Emel 
Published: March 2022

AbstractExtracellular nanovesicles, particularly exosomes, can deliver their diverse bioactive biomolecular content, including miRNAs, proteins, and lipids, thus providing a context for investigating the capability of exosomes to induce stem cells toward lineage‐specific cells and tissue regeneration. In this study, it is demonstrated that rat subventricular zone neural stem cell‐derived exosomes (rSVZ‐NSCExo) can control neural‐lineage specification of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). Microarray analysis shows that the miRNA content of rSVZ‐NSCExo is a faithful representation of rSVZ tissue. Through immunocytochemistry, gene expression, and multi‐omics analyses, the capability to use rSVZ‐NSCExo to induce hMSCs into a neuroglial or neural stem cell phenotype and genotype in a temporal and dose‐dependent manner via multiple signaling pathways is demonstrated. The current study presents a new and innovative strategy to modulate hMSCs fate by harnessing the molecular content of exosomes, thus suggesting future opportunities for rSVZ‐NSCExo in nerve tissue regeneration.
Electroconductive and Anisotropic Structural Color Hydrogels for Visual Heart‐on‐a‐Chip Construction
Authors: Sun Lingyu , Chen Zhuoyue , Xu Dongyu , Zhao Yuanjin 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Heart‐on‐a‐chip plays an important role in revealing the biological mechanism and developing new drugs for cardiomyopathy. Tremendous efforts have been devoted to developing heart‐on‐a‐chip systems featuring simplified fabrication, accurate imitation and microphysiological visuality. In this paper, the authors present a novel electroconductive and anisotropic structural color hydrogel by simply polymerizing non‐close‐packed colloidal arrays on super aligned carbon nanotube sheets (SACNTs) for visualized and accurate heart‐on‐a‐chip construction. The generated anisotropic hydrogel consists of a colloidal array‐locked hydrogel layer with brilliant structural color on one surface and a conductive methacrylated gelatin (GelMA)/SACNTs film on the other surface. It is demonstrated that the anisotropic morphology of the SACNTs could effectively induce the alignment of cardiomyocytes, and the conductivity of SACNTs could contribute to the synchronous beating of cardiomyocytes. Such consistent beating rhythm caused the deformation of the hydrogel substrates and dynamic shifts in structural color and reflection spectra of the whole hybrid hydrogels. More attractively, with the integration of such cardiomyocyte‐driven living structural color hydrogels and microfluidics, a visualized heart‐on‐a‐chip system with more consistent beating frequency has been established for dynamic cardiomyocyte sensing and drug screening. The results indicate that the electroconductive and anisotropic structural color hydrogels are potential for various biomedical applications.
3D Printing Ultraflexible Magnetic Actuators via Screw Extrusion Method
Authors: Cao Xufeng , Xuan Shouhu , Gao Yinduan , Lou Congcong , Deng Huaxia , Gong Xinglong 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSoft magnetic actuators with programmable structure design and controllable deformation ability based on 3D printing technology have attracted extensive attention. In this paper, a novel 3D printing strategy is developed to manufacture the ultraflexible magnetic actuator, in which the printed material is composed of magnetic particles and thermoplastic rubber materials. Different from the traditional fused deposition printing, this printing strategy introduces screw extrusion technology to the heating components of the printer to overcome the problem of filament buckling in the flexible material. Thus, the tensile modulus of the printed products can be reduced to as low as ≈2 MPa. Based on the above method, biomimetic magnetic actuators of the sucker and the pump are constructed for adhering and releasing object and pumping liquid. The contraction performance of the magnetic actuator is studied via a series of experiments and the magnetic field‐induced deformation is analyzed by the multiphysics‐based finite element model. This work proves that ultraflexible magnetic actuators fabricated by this 3D printing strategy show broad prospects in the fields of soft robotics and bionics.
Asymptotic behavior of infinite systems determined by polynomial shift operators
Authors: Liu Dongmei , Liu Liu , Lu Yufeng 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis paper studies the asymptotic behavior of infinite dimensional systems determined by polynomial shift operators. The results from ergodic theory and C0‐semigroups are used to obtain a characterization of those initial states which lead to convergent solutions. Estimates on the rate of convergence for solutions are obtained under a stronger ergodic condition on corresponding initial states. The results can be used to solve the robot rendezvous problem and investigate platoon systems.
Passivity‐based control for a DC/DC high‐gain transformerless boost converter
Authors: Langarica‐Cordoba Diego , Martinez‐Rodriguez Panfilo R. , Diaz‐Saldierna Luis H. , Leyva‐Ramos Jesus , Reyes‐Cruz David , Iturriaga‐Medina Samuel 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn this work, an adaptive passivity‐based controller for a DC‐DC high‐gain transformerlessdouble‐inductor boost converter is fully detailed. The proposed current‐mode control scheme results in two feedback loops, a current controller for tracking the inductor current considering damping injection and energy shaping, and a voltage loop composed by a proportional‐integral action to guarantee output voltage regulation. Furthermore, a parametric uncertainty estimator using immersion‐invariance approach is designed to improve the robustness of the current loop. As a result, a multi‐loop adaptive nonlinear energy‐based controller, which ensures regional asymptotic stability via Lyapunov analysis is accomplished. In addition, considering practical conditions, real‐time numerical simulations, using a 1 kW case‐study converter, are carried out in order to assess the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme. Results for output voltage regulation, current tracking, and parametric uncertainty estimation under input voltage and load step changes are shown.
Inter‐trial theta phase consistency during face processing in infants is associated with later emerging autism
Authors: van Noordt Stefon , Desjardins James A. ,   The BASIS Team, Elsabbagh Mayada 
Published: March 2022

AbstractA growing body of research suggests that consistency in cortical activity may be a promising neurophysiological marker of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). In the current study we examined inter‐trial coherence, a measure of phase consistency across trials, in the theta range (t‐ITC: 3–6 Hz), as theta has been implicated in the processing of social and emotional stimuli in infants and adults. The sample included infants who had an older sibling with a confirmed ASD diagnosis and typically developing (TD) infants with no family history of ASD. The data were collected as part of the British Autism Study of Infant Siblings (BASIS) study. Infants between 6 and 10 months of age (Mage = 7.34, SDage = 1.21) performed a visual face processing task that included faces and scrambled, “face noise”, stimuli. Follow‐up assessments in higher likelihood infants were completed at 24 and again at 36 months to determine diagnostic outcomes. Analysis focused on posterior t‐ITC during early (0–200 ms) and late (200–500 ms) visual processing stages commonly investigated in infant studies. t‐ITC over posterior scalp regions during late stage face processing was significantly higher in TD and higher likelihood infants without ASD (HRA−), indicating reduced consistency in theta‐band responses in higher likelihood infants who eventually receive a diagnosis of ASD (HRA+). These findings indicate that the temporal dynamics of theta during face processing relate to ASD outcomes. Reduced consistency of oscillatory dynamics at basic levels of infant sensory processing could have downstream effects on learning and social communication.Lay SummaryWe examined the consistency in brain responses to faces in infants at lower or higher familial likelihood for autism. Our results show that the consistency of EEG responses was lower during face processing in higher likelihood infants who eventually received a diagnosis of autism. These findings highlight that reduced consistency in brain activity during face processing in the first year of life is related to emerging autism.
Clinical outcomes for patients with thymoma and thymic carcinoma after undergoing different front‐line chemotherapy regimens
Authors: Ma Wei‐Li , Lin Chia‐Chi , Hsu Feng‐Ming , Lee Jang‐Ming , Chen Jin‐Shing , Huang Yen‐Lin , Chang Yih‐Leong , Chang Chin‐Hao , Yang James Chih‐Hsin 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundFront‐line platinum‐base chemotherapy for advanced thymoma and thymic carcinoma (TC) improves resectability and prolongs patients' overall survival (OS). In this study, we evaluated patients' outcomes given different front‐line regimens: cisplatin, doxorubicin, and cyclophosphamide (CAP); cisplatin and etoposide (EP); or cisplatin and paclitaxel (TP).Materials and MethodsWe retrospectively evaluated the medical records of patients with advanced thymoma and TC who were treated at our medical center between 2005 and 2015. We investigated objective response rates (ORRs), progression‐free survival (PFS), and OS after undergoing different front‐line regimens.ResultsAmong the 108 enrolled patients, 37 (34%) had thymoma and 71 (66%) had TC; 45 received CAP, 36 received EP, and 27 received TP regimens. The ORRs of patients receiving CAP, EP, and TP were 51%, 50%, and 41%, respectively. For patients with stage III and IVA disease, the median PFS after CAP, EP, and TP were 34.5, 26.4, and 18.0 months (p = 0.424), respectively, and the 5‐year OS rates were 84.9%, 70.6%, and 60.0% (p = 0.509). In patients with stage IVB disease, the median PFS were 9.4, 8.2, and 11.6 months after undergoing CAP, EP, and TP (p = 0.173), respectively, and the 5‐year OS rates were 41.1%, 39.1%, and 14.3% (p = 0.788). TC pathology subtype and liver metastasis were associated with poor OS. Three patients with stage IVB TC had an OS of more than 5 years.ConclusionDifferent front‐line chemotherapy regimens may provide similar long‐term PFS and OS in patients with advanced thymoma and TC. In addition to TC and liver metastasis were associated with poor OS, other potential prognostic factors are warranted for studying.
On the Stability of Isolated Iridium Sites in N‐Rich Frameworks Against Agglomeration Under Reducing Conditions
Authors: Iemhoff Andree , Vennewald Maurice , Artz Jens , Mebrahtu Chalachew , Meledin Alexander , Weirich Thomas E. , Hartmann Heinrich , Besmehn Astrid , Aramini Matteo , Venturini Federica , Mosselmans Fred W. , Held Georg , Arrigo Rosa , Palkovits Regina 
Published: March 2022

AbstractStabilization of single metal atoms is a persistent challenge in heterogeneous catalysis. Especially supported late transitions metals are prone to undergo agglomeration to nanoparticles under reducing conditions. In this study, nitrogen‐rich covalent triazine frameworks (CTFs) are used to immobilize iridium complexes. Upon reduction at 400 °C, immobilized Ir(acac)(COD) on CTF does not form nanoparticles but transforms into a highly active Ir single atom catalyst. The resulting catalyst systems outperforms both the immobilized complex and supported nanoparticles in the dehydrogenation of formic acid as probe reaction. This superior performance could be traced back to decisive changes of the coordination geometry positively influencing activity, selectivity and stability. Spectroscopic analysis reveals an increase of electron density on the cationic iridium site by donation from the CTF macroligand after removal of the organic ligand sphere from the Ir(acac)(COD) precursor complex upon reductive treatment. This work demonstrates the ability of nitrogen moieties to stabilize molecular metal species against agglomeration and opens avenues for catalysts design using isolated sites in high‐temperature applications under reducing atmosphere.