bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HSV-1 0∆NLS vaccine elicits a robust B lymphocyte response and preserves vision without HSV-1 glycoprotein M or thymidine kinase recognition
Authors: Gmyrek Grzegorz B. , Berube Amanda N. , Sjoelund Virginie H. , Carr Daniel J. J. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractEffective experimental prophylactic vaccines against viral pathogens such as herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) have been shown to protect the host through T and/or B lymphocyte-driven responses. Previously, we found a live-attenuated HSV-1 mutant, 0ΔNLS used as a prophylactic vaccine, provided significant protection against subsequent ocular HSV-1 challenge aligned with a robust neutralizing antibody response. Yet, how the virus mutant elicited the humoral immune response relative to parental virus was unknown. Herein, we present the characterization of B cell subsets in vaccinated mice at times after primary vaccination and following boost compared to the parental virus, termed GFP105. We found that 0∆NLS-vaccinated mice possessed more CD4+follicular helper T (TFH) cells, germinal B cells and class-switched B cells within the first 7 days post-vaccination. Moreover, 0∆NLS vaccination resulted in an increase in plasmablasts and plasma cells expressing amino-acid transporter CD98 along with an elevated titer of HSV-1-specific antibody compared to GFP105-vaccinated animals. Furthermore, O∆NLS-vaccine-induced CD4+(TFH) cells produced significantly more IL-21 compared to mice immunized with the parental HSV-1 strain. In contrast, there were no differences in the number of regulatory B cells comparing the two groups of immunized mice. In comparing sera recognition of HSV-1-encoded proteins, it was noted antiserum from GFP105-vaccinated mice immunoprecipitated HSV-1 thymidine kinase (TK) and glycoprotein M (gM) whereas sera from 0∆NLS-immunized mice did not even though both groups of vaccinated mice displayed similar neutralizing antibody titers to HSV-1 and were highly resistant to ocular HSV-1 challenge. Collectively, the results suggest (1) the live-attenuated HSV-1 mutant 0∆NLS elicits a robust B cell response that drives select B cell responses greater than the parental HSV-1 and (2) HSV-1 TK and gM are likely expendable components in efficacy of a humoral response to ocular HSV-1 infection.
Changes in the oral status and periodontal pathogens in a Sardinian rural community from pre-industrial to modern time
Authors: Casula Eleonora , Contu Maria Paola , Demontis Cristina , Coghe Ferdinando , Steri Giorgio Carlo , Scano Alessandra , Ferrando Maria Laura , Orrù Germano 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe oral microbial profile in humans has evolved in response to lifestyle changes over the course of different eras. Here, we investigated tooth lesions and the microbial profile of periodontal bacteria (PB) in dental calculus of a Sardinian pre-industrial rural community. In total, 51 teeth belonging to 12 historical individuals buried in an ossuary in the early 1800s and 26 modern teeth extracted from 26 individuals from the same geographical area were compared to determine the oral health status, bacterial load and amount of most relevant PB. Total caries and bacterial genomes count appeared to be sex-related in historical samples. Historical females presented a higher incidence of caries, PB pathogens and a higher bacterial load than historical males. Furthermore, we compared the PB profile of the historical individuals with the modern ones, revealing a notable increase in modern individuals of PB belonging to “Red complex bacteria” often associated with periodontitis and other chronic diseases of modern life. Our findings could be explained through an analysis of environmental factors such as socioeconomic, hygienic and healthy conditions that can have a great impact on oral health and bacterial composition among individuals of the same and different eras.
Multidisciplinary evidence of an isolated Neanderthal occupation in Abric del Pastor (Alcoi, Iberian Peninsula)
Authors: Sossa-Ríos Santiago , Mayor Alejandro , Hernández Cristo M. , Bencomo Mariel , Pérez Leopoldo , Galván Bertila , Mallol Carolina , Vaquero Manuel 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTesting Neanderthal behavioural hypotheses requires a spatial–temporal resolution to the level of a human single occupation episode. Yet, most of the behavioural data on Neanderthals has been obtained from coarsely dated, time-averaged contexts affected by the archaeological palimpsest effect and a diversity of postdepositional processes. This implies that time-resolved Neanderthal behaviour remains largely unknown. In this study, we performed archaeostratigraphic analysis on stratigraphic units ive, ivf, ivg, va, vb and vc from Abric del Pastor (Alcoi, Iberian Peninsula). Further, we isolated the archaeological remains associated with the resulting archaeostratigraphic unit and applied raw material, technological, use-wear, archaeozoological and spatial analyses. Our results show a low-density accumulation of remains from flintknapping, flint tool-use and animal processing around a hearth. These data provide a time-resolved human dimension to previous high-resolution environmental and pyrotechnological data on the same hearth, representing the first comprehensive characterisation of a Neanderthal single occupation episode. Our integrated, multidisciplinary method also contributes to advance our understanding of archaeological record formation processes.
Fertility costs of cryptic viral infections in a model social insect
Authors: Chapman Abigail , Amiri Esmaeil , Han Bin , McDermott Erin , Rueppell Olav , Tarpy David R. , Foster Leonard J. , McAfee Alison 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDeclining insect populations emphasize the importance of understanding the drivers underlying reductions in insect fitness. Here, we investigated viruses as a threat to social insect reproduction, using honey bees as a model species. We report that in two independent surveys (N = 93 and N = 54, respectively) of honey bee (Apis mellifera) queens taken from a total of ten beekeeping operations across British Columbia, high levels of natural viral infection are associated with decreased ovary mass. Failed (poor quality) queens displayed higher levels of viral infection, reduced sperm viability, smaller ovaries, and altered ovary protein composition compared to healthy queens. We experimentally infected queens with Israeli acute paralysis virus (IAPV) and found that the ovary masses of IAPV-injected queens were significantly smaller than control queens, demonstrating a causal relationship between viral infection and ovary size. Queens injected with IAPV also had significantly lower expression of vitellogenin, the main source of nutrition deposited into developing oocytes, and higher levels of heat-shock proteins, which are part of the honey bee’s antiviral response. This work together shows that viral infections occurring naturally in the field are compromising queen reproductive success.
ADGRL3 genomic variation implicated in neurogenesis and ADHD links functional effects to the incretin polypeptide GIP
Authors: Vidal Oscar M. , Vélez Jorge I. , Arcos-Burgos Mauricio 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAttention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most common childhood neurodevelopmental disorder. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the Adhesion G Protein-Coupled Receptor L3 (ADGRL3) gene are associated with increased susceptibility to developing ADHD worldwide. However, the effect of ADGRL3 non-synonymous SNPs (nsSNPs) on the ADGRL3 protein function is vastly unknown. Using several bioinformatics tools to evaluate the impact of mutations, we found that nsSNPs rs35106420, rs61747658, and rs734644, previously reported to be associated and in linkage with ADHD in disparate populations from the world over, are predicted as pathogenic variants. Docking analysis of rs35106420, harbored in the ADGLR3-hormone receptor domain (HRM, a common extracellular domain of the secretin-like GPCRs family), showed that HRM interacts with the Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), part of the incretin hormones family. GIP has been linked to the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus, and our analyses suggest a potential link to ADHD. Overall, the comprehensive application of bioinformatics tools showed that functional mutations in the ADGLR3 gene disrupt the standard and wild ADGRL3 structure, most likely affecting its metabolic regulation. Further in vitro experiments are granted to evaluate these in silico predictions of the ADGRL3-GIP interaction and dissect the complexity underlying the development of ADHD.
Impact of washing parameters on bacterial filtration efficiency and breathability of community and medical facemasks
Authors: Whyte Henrietta Essie , Joubert Aurélie , Leclerc Lara , Sarry Gwendoline , Verhoeven Paul , Le Coq Laurence , Pourchez Jérémie 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCan medical face masks be replaced by reusable community face masks with similar performance? The influence of the number of wash cycles, the wash temperature and the use of detergent was evaluated on the performance of one medical face masks (MFM) and ten community face masks (CFM). The performance of the new and washed masks was characterized from the bacterial filtration efficiency (BFE) and the differential pressure (DP). The tests on the new masks showed that the MFM had always better BFE than CFMs. Although two of the CFMs showed a BFE value exceeding 95%, only one can be classified as type I MFM based on both BFE and DP requirements. The influence of the washing parameters was investigated on the MFM and these two CMFs with excellent BFE properties. The parameters had no effect on the BFE of CFMs whilst the MFM exhibited a loss in efficiency when washed with detergent. The DP of masks were not impacted by the washing. The results clearly show that even though a compromise has to be made between the BFE and breathability, it seems possible to manufacture CFMs with performances similar to a type I MFM, without achieving type II requirements.
MT1X is an oncogene and indicates prognosis in ccRCC
Authors: Ding Yanpeng , Fang Jiayu , Chen Mengge , Xu Yulian , Liu Nuomin , Fang Sha , Xiang Wenbin , Chen Rui , Wu Chaoyan , Yu Haijun 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The metallothionein 1 (MT1) family was previously shown to be involved in metal ion homeostasis, DNA damage, oxidative stress, and carcinogenesis. Our team’s previous study showed that MT1X is most closely associated with ccRCC. However, its role in clear cell RCC (ccRCC) remains unclear. The present study aimed to demonstrate MT1X’s prognostic value, potential biologic function, impact on the immune system, and influence on cell growth, the cell cycle, apoptosis, and migration in the setting of ccRCC. The relationship between clinical pathologic features and MT1X was analyzed using bioinformatics. We knocked down MT1X in the ccRCC cell line 786O with si-MT1X to verify the results of the bioinformatic analysis at the cytological level. Apoptosis assay, cell cycle assay, wound-healing assay, colony formation assay, and RT-qPCR were performed. MT1X is correlated with the stage (T and M) and grade and is able to be an independent prognostic factor for ccRCC. The TISIDB database analysis showed a significant correlation between MT1X and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes such as central memory CD8+ T cells and γΔT cells. MT1X was also positively related to immunomodulators such as TGFB1 and CXCR4. We also found that MT1X knockdown inhibits cell growth, induces apoptosis, arrests cells in the S cell cycle, and inhibits the wound healing proportion in ccRCC. Gene set enrichment analysis and quantitative PCR (q-PCR) analysis found that down-regulation of MT1X reduced the accumulation of hypoxia-associated factors. Bioinformatic analysis associated increased MT1X expression with a worse prognosis. Laboratory experiments confirmed bioinformatic findings. MT1X was also found to be an independent prognostic biomarker for ccRCC and is involved in immune system regulation.
Functional benefit of structural disorder for the replication of measles, Nipah and Hendra viruses
Authors: Gondelaud Frank , Pesce Giulia , Nilsson Juliet F. , Bignon Christophe , Ptchelkine Denis , Gerlier Denis , Mathieu Cyrille , Longhi Sonia 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMeasles, Nipah and Hendra viruses are severe human pathogens within the Paramyxoviridae family. Their non-segmented, single-stranded, negative-sense RNA genome is encapsidated by the nucleoprotein (N) within a helical nucleocapsid that is the substrate used by the viral RNA-dependent-RNA-polymerase (RpRd) for transcription and replication. The RpRd is a complex made of the large protein (L) and of the phosphoprotein (P), the latter serving as an obligate polymerase cofactor and as a chaperon for N. Both the N and P proteins are enriched in intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs), i.e. regions devoid of stable secondary and tertiary structure. N possesses a C-terminal IDR (NTAIL), while P consists of a large, intrinsically disordered N-terminal domain (NTD) and a C-terminal domain (CTD) encompassing alternating disordered and ordered regions. The V and W proteins, two non-structural proteins that are encoded by the P gene via a mechanism of co-transcriptional edition of the P mRNA, are prevalently disordered too, sharing with P the disordered NTD. They are key players in the evasion of the host antiviral response and were shown to phase separate and to form amyloid-like fibrils in vitro. In this review, we summarize the available information on IDRs within the N, P, V and W proteins from these three model paramyxoviruses and describe their molecular partnership. We discuss the functional benefit of disorder to virus replication in light of the critical role of IDRs in affording promiscuity, multifunctionality, fine regulation of interaction strength, scaffolding functions and in promoting liquid–liquid phase separation and fibrillation.
State of the art on vibration signal processing towards data‐driven gear fault diagnosis
Authors: Zhang Shouhua , Zhou Jiehan , Wang Erhua , Zhang Hong , Gu Mu , Pirttikangas Susanna 
Published: September 2022

AbstractGear fault diagnosis (GFD) based on vibration signals is a popular research topic in industry and academia. This paper provides a comprehensive summary and systematic review of vibration signal‐based GFD methods in recent years, thereby providing insights for relevant researchers. The authors first introduce the common gear faults and their vibration signal characteristics. The authors overview and compare the common feature extraction methods, such as adaptive mode decomposition, deconvolution, mathematical morphological filtering, and entropy. For each method, this paper introduces its idea, analyses its advantages and disadvantages, and reviews its application in GFD. Then the authors present machine learning‐based methods for gear fault recognition and emphasise deep learning‐based methods. Moreover, the authors compare different fault recognition methods. Finally, the authors discuss the challenges and opportunities towards data‐driven GFD.
A two‐stage hue‐preserving and saturation improvement color image enhancement algorithm without gamut problem
Authors: Zhou Datang , He Gang , Xu Kang , Liu Chang 
Published: September 2022

AbstractA novel hue‐preserving and color enrichment color image enhancement algorithm without gamut problem is proposed in this paper. First, the pixel values of the input image are stretched to the edge of RGB color space to improve the saturation. Then, the pixel values are converted to the complementary color space for saturation enhancement, so that the whole method has no gamut problem and keeps the contrast intensity of the output picture unchanged. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can overcome the poor color effect of traditional methods in the condition of low exposure and can restore the picture color better. Besides, higher saturation can be achieved through the proposed algorithm than up‐to‐date color image enhancement methods.
An effective model for the iris regional characteristics and classification using deep learning alex network
Authors: Balashanmugam Thiyaneswaran , Sengottaiyan Kumarganesh , Kulandairaj Martin Sagayam , Dang Hien 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIris biometrics is one of the fastest‐growing technologies, and it has received a lot of attention from the community. Iris‐biometric‐based human recognition does not require contact with the human body. Iris is a combination of crypts, wolflin nodules, concentrated furrows, and pigment spots. The existing methods feed the eye image into deep learning network which result in improper iris features and certainly reduce the accuracy. This research study proposes a model to feed preprocessed accurate iris boundary into Alexnet deep learning neural network‐based system for classification. The pupil centre and boundary are initially recorded and identified from the given eye images. The iris boundary and the centre are then compared for the identification using the reference pupil centre and boundary. The iris portion, exclusive feature of the pupil area is segmented using the parameters of multiple left‐right point (MLRP) algorithms. The Alexnet deep learning multilayer networks 23, 24, and 25 are replaced according to the segmented iris classes. The remaining Alexnet layers are trained using the square gradient decay factor (GDF) in accordance with the iris features. The trained Alexnet iris is validated using suitable classes. The proposed system classifies the iris with an accuracy of 99.1%. The sensitivity, specificity, and F1‐score of the proposed system are 99.68%, 98.36%, and 0.995. The experimental results show that the proposed model has advantages over current models.
A target localisation method with monostatic radar via multi‐observation data association
Authors: Ding Rui , Wang Zhuang , Jiang Libing , Liu Zhang , Zheng Shuyu 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTraditionally, radar‐based localisation systems are designed to deal with targets in line‐of‐sight (LOS) scenarios. However, the performance of those radar systems is limited by multipath echoes reflected from non‐line‐of‐sight (NLOS) targets and walls in the urban areas. In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in multipath exploitation methods aided by urban environmental knowledge. Based on the exploitation of space diversity provided by the multipath effect, this article proposes a novel two‐stage localisation method using a single monostatic radar via association of multipath time‐of‐arrivals (TOAs). In the offline stage, reference TOA data at different locations is generated by a ray‐tracing method to avoid the heterogeneity of multipath propagation at different locations, assuming that the environment information is completely known prior. In the online stage, the TOA set of multipath echoes from the target is estimated by a sparse reconstruction method to achieve super‐resolution rather than the matched filter. Then based on the finite‐set statistics (FISST) theory, a grid‐based multi‐observation data association (GMODA) algorithm is present as the likelihood function of the multipath measurement given a candidate location, which is followed by a maximum likelihood estimation to derive the location of the target. Furthermore, the global nearest neighbour approximation of GMODA is introduced to avoid combinatorial explosion in the association algorithm. Simulation and experiment results on a single antenna millimetre‐wave radar in various scenarios show that the proposed method achieves high localisation accuracy in both LOS and NLOS conditions while maintaining low computational cost at the same time. The presented results suggest that our method can be applied to target localisation applications in the complex urban environment.
Near-ear sound pressure level distribution in everyday life considering the user’s own voice and privacy
Authors: Pohlhausen Jule , Holube Inga , Bitzer Joerg 
Published: September 2022

Recently, exploring acoustic conditions of people in their everyday environments has drawn a lot of attention. One of the most important and disturbing sound sources is the test participant’s own voice. This contribution proposes an algorithm to determine the own-voice audio segments (OVS) for blocks of 125 ms and a method for measuring sound pressure levels (SPL) without violating privacy laws. The own voice detection (OVD) algorithm here developed is based on a machine learning algorithm and a set of acoustic features that do not allow for speech reconstruction. A manually labeled real-world recording of one full day showed reliable and robust detection results. Moreover, the OVD algorithm was applied to 13 near-ear recordings of hearing-impaired participants in an ecological momentary assessment (EMA) study. The analysis shows that the grand mean percentage of predicted OVS during one day was approx. 10% which corresponds well to other published data. These OVS had a small impact on the median SPL over all data. However, for short analysis intervals, significant differences up to 30 dB occurred in the measured SPL, depending on the proportion of OVS and the SPL of the background noise.
Die Rolle der Osteopathie im Geburtsprozess – eine
qualitative Studie
Authors: Janisz Marjatta , Porthun Jan 
Published: September 2022

ZusammenfassungIm Rahmen einer qualitativen Studie wurde untersucht, ob und in welcher Form die
Osteopathie eine Rolle während des Geburtsprozesses spielt, welche
Einsatzgebiete sich auftun und wie die Erfahrungen von Spezialisten aus den Fachgebieten
Medizin, Geburtshilfe und Osteopathie aussehen. Es zeigt sich, dass in der
Geburtsvorbereitung und -begleitung verschiedene osteopathische
Behandlungsansätze den Geburtsprozess erleichtern können, wobei ein
gutes Vertrauensverhältnis zwischen Osteopath und Gebärender sowie eine
fundierte Fachausbildung und ein ausreichender Erfahrungsschatz ausschlaggebend
sind.
Synergetic Effect of Lupeol and Naringin Against Bile Duct Ligation
Induced Cardiac Injury in Rats via Modulating Nitrite Level (eNos) and NF-kB
/p65 Expression
Authors: Alam Firoj , Kharya Anil Kumar , Srivastav Ritesh Kumar , Akhtar Juber , Khan Mohammad Irfan , Ahmad Mohammad 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCardiac dysfunction such as cirrhotic cardiomyopathy is more common in liver
cirrhosis related disorders including primary biliary cholangitis or biliary
cirrhosis and primary sclerosing cholangitis. Bile duct ligation (BDL) is an
effective model of biliary cholestasis, producing oxidative damage and fibrosis.
This research was designed to evaluate the effect of Lupeol and Naringin and its
combination on bile duct ligation induced cardiac injury in rats. For
pharmacological evaluation, rats were randomly divided into seven groups;
intrahepatic cholestasis induced by ligation of the bile duct might lead to
cirrhotic cardiomyopathy. The results were analyzed by physical, biochemical and
histological examination. The Lupeol (100 mg/kg, p.o.), Naringin
(100 mg/kg, p.o.) and its combination (100 mg/kg
each) treated group significantly improved physical infarct size, biochemical
(Nitrite, SOD, CAT, and GSH) and histological (heart tissue- mitochondrial
function/integrity and fibrosis) alterations occurs due to BDL-ligation.
This study was concluded that oral administration of Lupeol, Naringin, and its
combination has a curative potential against BDL-induced cardiac injury in rats
by reducing oxidative stress and inflammatory reactions, resulting in reduced
heart necrosis/myocardial infarction and increased myocardial activity.
It also inhibits cardiac damage in the rat heart, these effects may be linked to
the NO level (eNOS) is increased and the inactivation of the NF-kB-p65
expression pathways.This study also provides new insights into the development
of lupeol and Naringin combination that can be used as supportive therapy for
cardiovascular diseases.