bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recent trends in anthropometric indices and lipoprotein indices as non-invasive biomarkers of atherosclerosis and coronary heart diseases in general population of Amritsar city
Authors: Monu Monika , Gandhi Gursatej 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Elevated low density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in circulation may get deposited in coronary arteries and result in atherosclerotic plaques at an early age and act as risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. More recent and detailed anthropometric indices in addition to traditional indices were assessed in this study along with lipid profile and lipoprotein indices in urban population (n=100) of Amritsar, Punjab. n=48 subjects comprised the case group and n=52 subjects the control group. Study was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee of Guru Nanak Dev University and individual voluntary written informed consent was provided by the study group. 46% of cases were obese and lipids and lipoprotein indices were significantly higher in obese group while low density lipoprotein cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol/high density lipoprotein cholesterol also in overweight category. Factor analysis extracted the 7 components out of 23 variables with a cummulative variance of 81.45%. Females had higher central obesity, waist hip ratio, waist height ratio and body adiposity index. Pearson’s correlation analysis revealed a positive significant association of age (r=0.363, p=0.027), socio-economic status (r=0.328,p=0.023), waist hip ratio (r=0.298,p=0.042), waist height ratio (r=0.864,p=0 000) and body mass index (r=0.794,p=0.000) with low density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and of gender with atherogenic index(r=0.363,p=0.011). Also, a significant correlation of total body fat mass with atherogenic index(r=0.286,p=0.048) and and body roundness index with low density lipoprotein(r=0.345,p=0.016) was observed. Multivariate regression analysis revealed age (B=0.318,t=2.380,p=0.022) and gender (B=0.370,t=2.687,p=0.010) to be significant predictors of body roundness index as well as age (B=0.139,t=2.307,p=0.027) of low density lipoprotein cholesterol. The highest prediction accuracy was showed by waist circumference (AUC=0.597) and the least by a body shape index (AUC=0.458) as revealed by Receiver Operating Characteristics analysis.
Drought induces soil microbial stress responses and emissions of volatile organic compounds in an artificial tropical rainforest
Authors: Honeker Linnea , Pugliese Giovanni , Ingrisch Johannes , Fudyma Jane , Gil-Loaiza Juliana , Carpenter Elizabeth , Singer Esther , Hildebrand Gina , Shi Lingling , Hoyt David , Krechmer Jordan , Claflin Megan , Ayala-Ortiz Christian , Freire-Zapata Viviana , Pfannerstill Eva , Daber L. , Dippold Michaela , Kreuzwieser Jürgen , Williams Jonathan , Ladd S. , Werner Christiane , Tfaily Malak , Meredith Laura 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Drought impacts microbial carbon cycling, and thus the fate of carbon in soils. Carbon allocation to energy via CO2 producing respiration and to biosynthesis via volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions both represent consequent carbon loss to the atmosphere, although only the former is well studied. Here, we examined drought impacts on carbon allocation by soil microbes to CO2 and VOCs using position-specific 13C-labeled pyruvate and multi-omics in an artificial tropical rainforest. During drought, 13C-VOCs efflux increased, driven by increased production and buildup of intermediate metabolites due to decreased interconnectivity between central carbon metabolism pathways, and 13C-CO2 efflux decreased, driven by an overall decrease in microbial activity. However, internal carbon allocation to energy relative to biosynthesis did not change, signifying maintained energy demand toward biosynthesis of VOCs and drought-stress induced biosynthesis pathways. Therefore, while carbon loss to the atmosphere via CO2 decreases during drought, carbon loss via VOCs may increase.
Dual roles of Curcumin Encapsulated Alginate/­Fe3O4 Nanoparticles in MRI Enhancement and Hyperthermia for Cancer Treatment
Authors: Nguyen Dac Tu , Ha Phuong Thu , To Thanh Thuy , Hoang Thi My Nhung , Bui Thi Van Khanh , Pham Hong Nam , Lam Khanh , Do Xuan Hai 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles (MNPs) had a high potential in biomedical application, including hyperthermia and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The combination of MNPs and curcumin has been reported to have synergetic effect on cancer cell death. In this study, we aimed to identify the bioactivities of the nanoconjugates composed of superparamagnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles coated by alginate and curcumin (Fe3O4/Cur@ALG) on cancer cells in both in vitro and in vivo models.
Results
The results showed that Fe3O4/Cur@ALG NPs enhanced the contrast of MRI in cell culture and Swiss mice bearing tumor. The autofluorescence signal of curcumin revealed the penetration of the nanoparticles into Sarcoma cells. Besides, this nanoconjugate synergistically inhibited the growth of Sarcoma 180 tumor through the magnetic heating and the anti-cancer effect of curcumin. These MNPs had had high biocompatibility with a low toxicity on mice at the concentration of Fe3O4 up to 120 mg/kg. Histological analysis indicated that the MNPs presented in the liver tissue, but not in the kidney, with the increase of AST value. Interestingly, Fe3O4/Cur@ALG NPs were cleared from blood after more than 10 minutes.
Conclusion
Our study revealed that Fe3O4/Cur@ALG had a high potential in medicinal application and should be further developed to use in cancer diagnosis and treatment.
Investigation of arsenic concentration in drinking water of Urmia County villages and its biological monitoring in the hair of their residents in 2019
Authors: Tighafkand Rostam , Aghapour Ali Ahmad , bargeshadi Rogaieh , Karimzade Sima , Khorsandi Hassan 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Drinking water is one of the most important sources of arsenic entering the human body. Due to the location of Urmia County in the volcanic belt of Urmia-Dokhtar, the presence of arsenic in the drinking water of the villages of Urmia city is probable. The concentration of arsenic in the drinking water of the villages varied from undetectable amounts to 92 µg/L. In 7 out of 80 villages, the concentration of arsenic was higher than the drinking water standards of WHO. There is no statistically significant difference between the concentration of arsenic in the drinking water of the villages of Urmia County in different seasons. There is a significant relationship between the concentration of arsenic in drinking water and its concentration in the hair of people living in villages (r=0.88, P-value=0.046). There is a strong and significant correlation between age and the average concentration of arsenic in the hair of the age groups of the population. Also, smoking creates a statistically significant difference between the concentration of arsenic in the hair of smoking men and non-smoking men. The reason for the existence of a significant difference in the amount of arsenic in the hair of the residents of the case and control villages, and the presence of a high concentration of arsenic in the bottom sediments of Lake Urmia, can be concluded that the possibility the entry of arsenic from the geological formations of the region into the drinking water of the villages is very high.
Protective effect of NeuroEPO in the reproduction of diabetic rats.
Authors: Fernandez-Romero Tammy ,   Sonia Clapés-Hernández2, Pérez Carlos L , Núñez-López Nínive , Suárez-Román Gipsis , Fernandez Gisselle 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Introduction: pregestational diabetes constitutes a reproductive risk, which requires new treatment strategies. Considering that NeuroEPO, a variant of the recombinant human erythropoietin produced in Cuba, has neuroprotective and hypoglycemic effects, the aim was to evaluate the protective effect of NeuroEPO on the reproduction of diabetic rats.Material and Methods: four groups of adult female Wistar rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes were used. During pregnancy, one group received the vehicle and the rest different doses of NeuroEPO (0.5 mg/kg, 0.75 mg/kg, and 1 mg/kg) subcutaneously, on alternate days, for six applications. A group of non-diabetic rats was used as a control. Glycemia and reproductive variables were evaluated. For comparisons, Analysis of Variance and Fisher's Exact Test was used. The differences were considered significant with p-values less than 0.05.Results: the group with vehicle presented maintained hyperglycemia, fewer implantations, and embryos, and increased gestational losses. In the group receiving 0.5 mg/kg of NeuroEPO, glycemia decreased significantly and the results of the reproductive variables were similar to the group of non-diabetic rats. With higher doses of NeuroEPO, gestational losses were increased. No congenital malformations were identified in either group.Conclusions: the repeated administration of 0.5 mg/kg of NeuroEPO has a beneficial effect on the reproduction of diabetic rats, which may be associated with the reduction of hyperglycemia. Other cytoprotective mechanisms of NeuroEPO should be evaluated in future studies.
Increased burden of Cracked Teeth in US and UK during the COVID-19 pandemic: evidence from an infodemiological analysis
Authors: Nocini Riccardo , Mattiuzzi Camilla , Lippi Giuseppe 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Background: Preliminary evidence suggests that the rate of cracked teeth managed in endodontists’ practices has considerably increased during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic compared to the period before.Methods: We conducted an electronic search in Google Trends, using the search term “Cracked Teeth”, with the geographical area set to either “US” or “UK” and the search period comprised between July 2017 and July 2022. The weekly Google Trends score for “Cracked Teeth”, which mirrors the popularity of this search term in the countries, was downloaded into a Microsoft Excel file, and the difference in the volume Google searches for “Cracked Teeth” in both countries were compared between pre-COVID-19 and COVID-19 periods.Results: The median value of weekly Google Trends score for “Cracked Teeth” was found to be significantly increased during the COVID-19 pandemic both in the US (43 with interquartile range [IQR] 37-53 vs. 38 with IQR 32-45; +13% and p<0.001) and UK (28 with IQR 18-42 vs. 25 with IQR 17-33; +12% and p=0.001), compared to the homologous period beforeConclusion: The results of our infodemiological analysis provide a strong support to data earlier published, suggesting that the burden of cracked teeth may have significantly increased both in the US and UK during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Dry eye masky syndrome: degree of expression and possibilities of correction
Authors: Makogon S. I. , Gorbacheva N. V. , Ivanova D. I. , Khlopkova Yu. S. 
Published: July 2022

To prevent the spread of COVID-19, to ensure the safety of ourselves and others, personal protective equipment — various types of masks — has firmly entered our daily lives. Purpose to conduct a clinical and sociological study of the severity of the dry eye syndrome in medical personnel and medical students against the background of the use of personal protective equipment and to assess the possibilities of its correction using tear replacement therapy. Materials and methods. 138 medical staff and 149 students were analyzed. A survey was conducted to identify risk factors for the development of the dry eye syndrome. The total tear production was determined using the Schirmer I test at the beginning and after 8 hours of the working day in medical personnel and students before and after a 6-hour lesson. To study the possibility of correcting the dry eye syndrome, students were offered instillations of the tear substitute Gylan 0.18 % 3 times a day. At this stage of the study, 2 questionnaires were used to assess the severity of DES symptoms: OSDI and DEQ, Schirmer I test. Results. Most of the study participants noted the constant wearing of masks (86.4 % of doctors and 84.8 % of nurses). At the beginning of the study, 45.1 % of doctors and 51.9 % of nursing staff, 45.6 % of students had indicators of total tear production below the reference values. At the end of working hours, doctors (90.9 %), nurses (88.6 %) and students (69.2 %) showed a decrease in the total tear production of varying severity. The use of a tear substitute made it possible to increase the indicators of total tear production: 10 days after treatment, an increase was observed in 45.7 % of cases (but the values were in the range of 10—14 mm), in 31.4 % of cases they reached 15 mm or more and exceeded the initial values (p < 0.05); reduce the symptoms of dry eye: the number of students with DEQ questionnaire syndrome dry eye at the beginning of the study (62.9 %) decreased by 3.2 times. Conclusions: the conducted study allows us to speak about the currently available riskfactorfor the development of the dry eye syndrome: personal respiratory protective equipment has a negative impact on the indicators of total tear production. Appointment of tear replacement therapy allowed to improve the functional indicators of tears and quality of life. It is necessary to develop and implement measures aimed at identifying and preventing the development of the dry eye syndrome not only among medical personnel, but also among the population as a whole.
O Ensinar fazer ou o Ensinar Pensar para a Construção da Autonomia: Um Diálogo entre Paulo Freire e Edgar Morin
Authors: Boneti Lindomar Wessler , Langner Ana Lúcia , Asinelli-Luz Araci 
Published: July 2022

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar a origem e as especificidades do debate entre o ensinar pensar ou o ensinar fazer da escola a partir de um estudo realizado utilizando-se de fontes teóricas e bibliográficas dos caminhos epistemológicos da construção dos preceitos do ensinar fazer e do ensinar pensar. Metodologicamente a construção da análise deste artigo segue três caminhos sequenciados, analisar a formação histórica do sentido dado ao ensinar fazer como sinônimo de racionalidade; a crítica a este preceito e o desafio de ensinar pensar para a construção da autonomia, estabelecendo um diálogo teórico com Edgar Morin (2019; 1973; 1996; 2003) e Paulo Freire (9997; 1995; 1990). Conclui-se que este debate do papel da escola não se origina dentro dela própria, mas no âmbito social e político a partir de uma construção histórica envolvendo o processo da origem epistemológica da racionalidade moderna. A escola tem o compromisso social, historicamente construído, de ensinar o ser racional associado às raízes da modernidade e das relações capitalistas de produção. Assim, o saber que a escola utiliza como meio e como fim por si só está associado à sua utilidade prática, o que dificulta a prática docente do ensinar para pensar.
Microbial source tracking of fecal contamination in stormwater runoff
Authors: Sherchan Samendra , Shahin Shalina , Alarcon Joshua , Brosky Hanna , Potter Collin , Dada Ayokunle Christopher 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Concerns over fecal contamination in stormwater canals have promoted the need for pollution control strategies, including the use of microbial source tracking, to identify fecal contamination in the Greater New Orleans Area. Surface water samples were collected over a 12-month period at five canal locations within Jefferson Parish, Louisiana. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction and the IDEXX method were used to assess the concentrations of coliforms, Escherichia coli (E. coli) and human fecal 183 bacteroides (HF183) in stormwater samples. A 100% positive detection rate of total coliforms and E. coli was observed across all tested sites. Despite the closeness of the five sites, when averaged across all sampling time points, Kruskal–Wallis tests indicated that E. coli was present at significantly different concentrations in these locations (χ2(5) = 19.8, p = 0.0005). HF183 was detected in 62% of the water samples collected during the stormwater sampling. Without further testing for HF183 markers, the conclusion from this study would have been that fecal contamination from an unknown source was always present at varying levels during the study period. Analysis of HF183 markers therefore adds another layer of conclusions to the results deductible from E. coli concentrations. A 100% E. coli detection rate, high E. coli concentrations coupled with low rates of HF183 detection particularly at the Esplanade, Poplar Street, and Bonnabel Boat Launch sites, the sites closest to the lake outlet, throughout the study period, indicate that fecal contamination at these stormwater canal sites comes primarily from non-human sources. However, the Metairie Road and Napoleon Avenue sites, which have the highest HF183 detection rates, on top of chronic pollution by other non-human sources, are also influenced by human fecal pollution, possibly because of human development and faulty infrastructure. This study highlights the advantages of the use of microbial source-tracking methods to complement traditional indicator bacteria.
Drill-Hole Bone Defects in Animal Models of Bone Healing: Protocol for a Systematic Review
Authors: Bromer Frederik Duch , Brent Mikkel Bo , Thomsen Jesper Skovhus , Brüel Annemarie 
Published: July 2022

Background
Bone fractures are common conditions of the musculoskeletal system. Several animal models of bone fractures have been established to help elucidate the complex process of bone healing. In the last decades, drill-hole bone defects have emerged as a method to study bone healing. Animal models of drill-hole defects are easy to standardize and do not require external fixation of the bone. However, current studies of drill-hole bone defects lack detailed descriptions of techniques and interstudy standardization.

Objective
This systematic review aims to present a detailed description of the different methods used to induce drill-hole bone defects in long bones of laboratory animals and to provide a comprehensive overview of their methodology and potential for investigation of bone healing.

Methods
A systematic search of PubMed and Embase will be performed of abstracts containing variations of the following four keywords: “long bone,” “drill-hole,” “regeneration,” and “animal model.” Abstract screening and full-text screening will be performed independently by 2 reviewers, and data will be extracted to a predesigned extraction protocol. The primary outcome of the included studies is the technique used to create the drill-hole bone defect, and secondary outcomes are any measurements or analyses of bone defect and regeneration. A narrative synthesis will be used to present the primary outcome, while information on secondary outcomes will be displayed graphically. The study protocol follows the PRISMA-P (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols) guidelines.

Results
Abstract and full-text screening is ongoing and is expected to be completed by October 2022. Data extraction will commence immediately after, and the manuscript is expected to be completed by December 2023. The systematic review will follow the PRISMA statement.

Conclusions
The strength of this systematic review is that it provides a comprehensive methodological overview of the different drill-hole methods and their advantages and disadvantages. This will assist researchers in choosing which model to use when studying different aspects of bone healing.

Trial Registration
International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews CRD42020213076; https://tinyurl.com/bp56wdwe

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
PRR1-10.2196/34887
SKIN TARGETING OF AN OPTIMIZED CAFFEINE NANOSTRUCTURED LIPID CARRIER WITH IMPROVED EFFICIENCY AGAINST CHEMOTHERAPY INDUCED ALOPECIA
Authors: MAKKY AMNA MOHAMED , EL-LEITHY EMAN SADDAR , HUSSEIN DOAA GALAA , KHATTAB ABEER 
Published: July 2022

Objective: The current investigation was designed to develop and optimize caffeine-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) for topical alopecia treatment.
Methods: Screening of drug solubility in various excipients was executed. The 23 full factorial design was employed for NLCs optimization. Lipid type, surfactant type, and drug concentration were the independent variables. Entrapment efficiency (EE), particle size, polydispersity index (PDI) and % drug release were the chosen responses. Physiochemical evaluation, in vitro release, ex-vivo permeation, and stability study were achieved.
Results: The solubility of caffeine in stearic acid and glyceryl monostearate (GMS) was 47.11±3.048 and 32.67±2.955 mg/g, respectively. Oleic acid: garlic oil mixture at a ratio of 1:1 v/v was the oily phase. Tween 80 and Cremophor EL, Transcutol HP, carbonate buffer (pH 10.8 and ionic strength 200 mmol) were chosen as a surfactant, co-surfactant, and aqueous phase, respectively. The optimized formula showed particle size, %EE, PDI, zeta potential of 358 nm±1.45, 72.55 %±0.12, 0.912±0.030,-24.8 mv±0.70, respectively. The % release was 92.9±4.9 % after 2 h. Confocal laser scanning microscopy showed an improved permeation of caffeine-loaded NLCs to the whole skin layers.
Conclusion: The histological examination proved the efficiency of caffeine NLCs optimized formula in promoting hair growth compared to the market formula.
POTENTIAL OF SCORPION VENOM FOR THE TREATMENT OF VARIOUS DISEASES
Authors: JAVED MOHSIN , HUSSAIN SHABBIR , KHAN MUHAMMAD AMJAD , TAJAMMAL AFFIFA , FATIMA HIRA , AMJAD MUHAMMAD , ZAHID AMINA , UMER MAFIA , AMEER ALI SIDRA , YAQOOB MADEEHA 
Published: July 2022

The venom of various scorpion species finds significant therapeutic applications. It is rich in neurotoxins, enzymes, enzyme inhibitors, histamine, lipids and different salts from which peptides demonstrate a great potential against a variety of diseases. Many biological functions e. g., bradykinin potentiating, hemolytic, anti-cancer, anti-microbial, and anti-inflammatory potential are being regulated by non-disulfide-bonded peptides. Therefore, it is motivating to use these properties for the treatment of cancer, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, AIDS, apoplexy, influenza H5N1, paralysis, epilepsy, malaria, measles, severe combined immunodeficiency, fever blisters and diabetes. Scorpion venom has shown the presence of 100,000 bioactive compounds but only 1 % of these have been purified, isolated and characterized by HPLC and mass spectroscopy etc. For the production of high-quality antivenom with specific antibodies, gentler electrical stimulation is a better method as compared to manual production. Recombinant DNA technology has facilitated the identification of new components. Some important medicinal compounds isolated from scorpion venom include HsTX1 (from Heterometrus spinnifer), mucroporin-M1 (from Lychas mucronatus), chlorotoxin and charybdotoxin (from Leiurus quinquestriatus hebraeus). B. leptochelys venom has shown the presence of at least 148 components. Six novel long-chain peptides were isolated from the scorpion Buthus martensi Karsch venom. Crude venom of L. Abdullah bayrami displays a proliferative effect on MCF-7 cells and also shows antimicrobial potential. A new toxin derived from the venom of Liocheles waigiensis [U1-liotoxin-Lw1a (U1-LITX-Lw1a)] displays significant insecticidal action. The computational studies may play an important role while developing ion channel drugs from venom peptides.