bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effectiveness of ERAS guidelines in reducing postoperative pain
Authors: McCall Erica , Shores Ryan , McDonough John 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundPoorly controlled acute postsurgical pain can promote chronic opioid use and misuse long after the initial surgical procedure. Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) guidelines have shown promise in reducing opioid exposure and minimizing opioid‐related side effects.AimsThe aims of this evidence‐based practice (EBP) project were to assess the ERAS literature to guide postoperative pain management practice change at an adult colorectal surgical unit, evaluate the practice change outcomes, and disseminate the findings.MethodsA Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome, and Time (PICOT) question was established to guide an ERAS literature search. Found articles were critically appraised using the FULD Critical Appraisal Tool. Following the critical appraisal, the steps of EBP were utilized to implement an ERAS guideline for adult colorectal surgical patients in a 281‐bed medical center. Outcomes of the practice change were evaluated by comparing multimodal analgesic, regional anesthesia, and opioid pain medication use before and after guideline implementation.ResultsFive articles were critically appraised for guideline development. After implementation, data demonstrated an increase in the use of multimodal analgesics and regional anesthesia and a decrease in the use of opioid pain medication. These findings were disseminated through multiple venues within the hospital, including a presentation to the stakeholders.Linking Evidence to ActionEvidence‐based strategies to reduce postoperative pain are achievable while reducing perioperative opioid consumption. Engagement of key stakeholders and timely rollout of EBP changes are important for successful implementation. ERAS guidelines with a multimodal analgesia pathway are an effective way to reduce postoperative pain and perioperative opioid consumption.
Structural Topology Optimization of Reactionless Four-Bar Linkages
Authors: Emmanuel Ayala-Hernández J. , Briot Sébastien , Jesús Cervantes-Sánchez J. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractClassical dynamic balancing techniques do not consider the linkage elastic behavior. For mechanism or robot design purpose, taking into account the flexibility of the multibody system is of utmost importance, in order to be able to manufacture a mechanism/robot which is stiff enough for a given task. This paper deals with a novel approach that allows to design mechanisms by means of structural topology optimization while specific dynamic balancing conditions are considered. In our work, the links are treated as three-dimensional flexible bodies, and the optimization process is performed for all the bodies simultaneously. Applying this methodology, the optimal design of a dynamically balanced four-bar linkage is accomplished while its compliance is minimized. Numerical validations of the optimized linkage properties are carried out using commercial software. The dynamic balancing performance of the optimized four-bar linkage is numerically validated using adams. Besides, ansys software was used in order to perform the linkage stiffness analysis and to compare it with the results of the optimization solver. In order to verify the feasibility of the proposed methodology, a prototype is built. Experimental studies are carried out in order to evaluate its dynamic balancing performance.
Effect of Supplementary Physical Training on Vertical Jump Height in Professional Ballet Dancers
Authors: Escobar-Álvarez Juan A. , Jiménez-Reyes Pedro , Da Conceição Filipe A. , Fuentes-García Juan P. 
Published: June 2022

Dancers require many specific dance skills of a ballistic nature. The design of supplementary training to improve the strength of the lower limbs and jump height is a relevant area of research. The purpose of this study was (1) to compare the effect of plyometric training versus combined training on countermovement jump (CMJ), squat jump (SJ), and sauté in first position (sauté) height and (2) to observe whether changes in CMJ and SJ were associated with changes in sauté in female and male dancers. Eighty-one classical professional ballet dancers (41 women and 40 men, age = 22.9 [3.7] y, body mass = 59.7 [8.6] kg, height = 167.4 [7.3] cm) were divided into a control group and 2 experimental groups: plyometric training and combined training. All groups followed their common routine of training regarding classes and rehearsal practice, whereas the experimental groups added 2 sessions (1 h per session) for 9 weeks of supplementary training. Significant increases (medium to large effect size) in CMJ, SJ, and sauté height were found in the pretest versus posttest comparisons for both experimental groups. Significant, very large correlations were found between the magnitude of improvement in sauté and the magnitude of improvement in CMJ and SJ. Plyometric and combined training programs are effective ways to improve jumping ability in professional dancers. The improvement in CMJ and SJ has a good transference on sauté `performance. These findings support the use of traditional training methods to improve jump height in specific and nonspecific ballet jumping ability.
Data on the Neutron–Neutron Scattering Length from the nd-Breakup Reaction at En = 8 MeV and En = 11 MeV
Authors: Konobeevski E. S. , Kasparov A. A. , Mordovskoy M. V. , Zuyev S. V. , Potashev S. I. , Afonin A. A. , Mitcuk V. V. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
A kinematically complete experiment devoted to studying the $$nd$$-breakup reaction at energies of 8 and 11 MeV via detecting all three secondary particles was performed. The $${}^{1}S_{0}$$ neutron–neutron ($$nn$$) scattering-length values of $$a_{nn}={-}19.8\pm 0.4$$ and $${-}19.0\pm 0.5$$ fm at, respectively, $$E_{n}=8$$ and $$11$$ MeV were obtained from a comparison of the experimental dependence of the yield of the $$nd$$-breakup reaction on the relative energy of the $$nn$$ pair with the results of a simulation. An analysis of the values obtained for the $$nn$$ scattering length, together with data from other experiments, confirms the hypothesis that three-nucleon forces affect the parameters of $$nn$$ interaction that are extracted from reactions involving few-nucleon systems and gives a new asymptotic $$nn$$ scattering length, $$a_{nn}={-}16.1\pm 0.1$$ fm.
Correlation of ex vivo and in vivo confocal microscopy imaging ofAcanthamoeba
Authors: Alantary Noor , Heaselgrave Wayne , Hau Scott 
Published: June 2022

Background/aimsThe aim of this study was to correlate the various forms ofAcanthamoebaon ex vivo confocal microscopy (EVCM) with in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) and findings from cultured positive cases ofAcanthamoeba keratitis.MethodsAcanthamoebalive, dead and empty cysts, and live trophozoites were prepared in vitro and inoculated into porcine cornea using a sterile 26-gauge needle and examined ex vivo using the Heidelberg Retina Tomograph II/Rostock Corneal Module. IVCM images from 12 cultured positiveAcanthamoebacases, obtained using the same instrument, were compared with EVCM findings. Phase contrast images were also obtained to compare with both EVCM and IVCM findings. The change in cyst morphology with depth was evaluated by imaging the same cysts over a defined cornea depth measurement.ResultsEVCM morphologies for live cysts included four main types—hyper-reflective central dot with hyper-reflective outer ring, hyper-reflective central dot with hyporeflective outer region, stellate shaped hyper-reflective centre with hyporeflective outer region and hyper-reflective round/polygonal shaped cyst; one main type for dead cysts—hyper-reflective central dot with hyporeflective outer region; two main types for empty cysts— hyper-reflective central dot with hyper-reflective outer ring/hyporeflective outer region; and one main type for trophozoites—large coarse speckled area of heterogeneous hyper-reflective material. Matching IVCM images show good correlation with EVCM. Cyst morphology altered when imaged at different depths.ConclusionEVCM demonstrated the various forms ofAcanthamoebacyst and trophozoites can be used as a reference to identify similar structures on IVCM.
Nivolumab in patients with relapsed or refractory peripheral T-cell lymphoma: modest activity and cases of hyperprogression
Authors: Bennani N Nora , Kim Hyo Jin , Pederson Levi D , Atherton Pamela J , Micallef Ivana N , Thanarajasingam Gita , Nowakowski Grzegorz S , Witzig Thomas , Feldman Andrew L , Ansell Stephen M 
Published: June 2022

Peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCL), a heterogeneous group of mature aggressive non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas, carry a worse prognosis for most subtypes when compared with their B-cell counterparts. Despite recent approval of newer therapies, the outlook for patients with relapsed/refractory (RR) PTCL remains poor and new treatment strategies are clearly needed. Targeting the profoundly immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment in PTCL is one such approach. To determine whether immune checkpoint blockade targeting program death receptor 1 would be effective in PTCL, we conducted an investigator-initiated phase 2 prospective study of single-agent nivolumab for RR PTCL. We report here results of the pre-specified interim analysis.MethodsThe primary objective was to assess the overall response rate (ORR). Secondary objectives were to assess safety and tolerability of nivolumab in PTCL and to assess progression-free survival (PFS), duration of response (DOR) and overall survival (OS). Hyperprogressive disease (HPD) was defined as time-to-treatment failure of less than or equal to one month from initiation of therapy.ResultsTwelve patients who received at least one cycle of nivolumab were included in this interim analysis. Half (6/12) of the patients had angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL), 3/12 had PTCL, not otherwise specified. Most (11/12) were advanced stage, had extranodal disease (97.1%) and had received a prior autologous stem cell transplant (50%). The ORR was 33% (95% CI: 12.3 to 63.7%) with two complete response and two partial response. The median PFS was however short at 2.7 months (95% CI: 1.5 to NE); and the median OS was 6.7 months (95% CI: 3.4 to NE). The median DOR was also short at 3.6 months (95% CI: 1.9 to NE). HPD occurred in four patients, three of whom had AITL. Observed grade 3 and higher adverse events (AEs) were non-hematologic in 5/12 (42%), while hematologic AEs were seen in 3/12 (25%).ConclusionsNivolumab had modest clinical activity in R/R PTCL. Due to a high number of hyperprogression and short DOR, a decision was made to halt the study. These findings likely reflect the distinct biology of PTCL and should be considered when designing future studies using checkpoint inhibitors in these diseases.Trial registration numberNCT03075553.
Analytical characterization of choline chloride in oilfield process waters and commercial samples by capillary electrophoresis
Authors: Tran Vi T. , Catenza Karizza F. , Donkor Kingsley K. , Schmidt Kenneth J. , Crabtree H. John , Warrender Neil A. 
Published: June 2022

In this study, a rapid and sensitive method using capillary electrophoresis with indirect UV detection and minimal sample pretreatment was developed and evaluated to analyze choline chloride in oilfield process water samples. To improve peak resolution and separation of choline chloride from other cations present in the samples, the addition of a cationic visualization agent in the background electrolyte, imidazole, and a complexing agent, 18-crown-6, were introduced. Other factors affecting separation and sensitivity were also investigated. Under optimized conditions, choline chloride was baseline separated (<7 min) from common cationic adulterants in commercial choline chloride products with a peak resolution of >1.5 between adjacent peaks. The limits of detection (signal-to-noise ratio = 3) and quantitation (signal-to-noise ratio = 10) were 14.7 and 48.9 mg L−1, respectively. The peak area and migration time’s intraday and interday precision (percent RSD) were all <15%, and the recoveries ranged from 79.4% to 115.2% at different spiking levels. Finally, statistical (Student’s t-test) comparison of the choline chloride content data of oilfield process water samples from the proposed capillary electrophoresis (CE) method compare favourably with traditional methods such as liquid chromatography – mass spectrometry (LC–MS) and Reinecke salt gravimetry.
Canada's forage fish: an important but poorly understood component of marine ecosystems
Authors: Boldt Jennifer L. , Murphy Hannah M. , Chamberland Jean-Martin , Debertin Allan , Gauthier Stéphane , Hackett Brooke , Hagel Paige S. , Majewski Andrew R. , McDermid Jenni L. , Mérette David , Robinson Cliff L.K. , Rooper Christopher N. , Sherbo Bryanna , Van Beveren Elisabeth , Walkusz Wojciech 
Published: June 2022

Forage fish form a critical trophic link in marine ecosystems, and yet, for many species, there is limited information available. As nations move from single species stock assessments to ecosystem approaches to fisheries management (EAFMs), more information on forage fish will be required. In this study, 50 years of scientific literature were systematically mapped for 11 forage fish species in Canada's Arctic, Atlantic, and Pacific oceans. The objectives were to identify (1) knowledge clusters and gaps and (2) the pressures studied in relation to forage fish outcomes. Of the 2897 articles mapped, the majority studied adults and the distribution, productivity, growth, and life history of commercially fished species. Knowledge gaps were identified for forage fish: (1) that were noncommercially exploited; (2) egg and larval life history stages of most species and juveniles of noncommercial species; (3) diets of most species; (4) migration and performance for all species and survival of noncommercial species; and (5) the effects of some pressures (e.g., large-scale climate pressures). Addressing these knowledge gaps would improve the application of EAFMs.
Baryon asymmetry from Barrow entropy: theoretical predictions and observational constraints
Authors: Luciano Giuseppe Gaetano , Saridakis Emmanuel N. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe investigate the generation of baryon asymmetry from the corrections brought about in the Friedman equations due to Barrow entropy. In particular, by applying the gravity-thermodynamics conjecture one obtains extra terms in the Friedmann equations that change the Hubble function evolution during the radiation-dominated epoch. Hence, even in the case of standard coupling between the Ricci scalar and baryon current they can lead to a non-zero baryon asymmetry. In order to match observations we find that the Barrow exponent should lie in the interval $$0.005\lesssim \Delta \lesssim 0.008$$

0.005
≲
Δ
≲
0.008

, which corresponds to a slight deviation from the standard Bekenstein–Hawking entropy. The upper bound is tighter than the one of other observational constraints, however the interesting feature is that in the present analysis we obtain a non-zero lower bound. Nevertheless this lower bound would disappear if the baryon asymmetry in Barrow-modified cosmology is generated by other mechanisms, not related to the Barrow modification.
Model Predictability of Hail Precipitation with a Moderate Hailstorm Case. Part I: Impact of Improved Initial Conditions by Assimilating High-Density Observations
Authors: Li Rumeng , Sun Juanzhen , Zhang Qinghong , Jensen Anders A. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Hailstones have large damage potential; however, their explicit prediction remains quite challenging. The uncertainty in a model’s initial condition and microphysics are two of the significant contributors to the challenge. This two-part study aims to investigate the impacts of improved initial condition and microphysics on hail prediction for a moderate hailstorm that occurred in Beijing on 10 June 2016. In the first part, the role of initial conditions on hail prediction is explored by assimilating high-density observations into a numerical model with a recently developed explicit hail microphysics scheme. High-resolution and high-frequency observations from radar and surface networks are assimilated using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model’s three-dimensional variational data assimilation (3DVAR) system. The role of the initial conditions in improving explicit hail prediction with two different planetary boundary layer (PBL) schemes, the Yonsei University (YSU) scheme and the Mellor–Yamada–Janjić (MYJ) scheme, is then examined. Results indicate that the data assimilation significantly improves the hail size and location prediction for both PBL schemes by reducing errors in surface wind, temperature, and moisture fields. It is also shown that the improved analyses of low-level and midlevel vertical wind shear, resulting mainly from radar data assimilation, are pivotal to the improvement of hailstorm prediction with the YSU scheme, while the improved analysis of thermodynamic field resulting from the assimilation of both radar and surface data plays a more important role with the MYJ scheme. The results of this work shed light on the influence of data assimilation and provide insights on explicit hail predictability with respect to model initial conditions.
Characterization of antibiotic resistance genes in drinking water sources of the Douhe Reservoir, Tangshan, northern China: the correlation with bacterial communities and environmental factors
Authors: Zhang Kunfeng , Fan Yueting , Chang Sheng , Fu Qing , Zhang Qi , Yang Guang , Sun Xingbin 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) threaten ecological sustainability and human health, especially the drinking water sources of the Douhe Reservoir, which have critical significance amid their direct use by people and the ecological hub of flora and fauna. Although antibiotics and ARGs pollution in reservoirs have been reported, it is of no practical significance to only study the changes (increase or decrease) of the abundance and diversity of ARGs, and it is more important to explore the mechanisms of the changes affecting ARGs. Thus, the occurrence and prevalence characterizations of the spatial and seasonal of the ARGs, mobile genetic elements (MGEs) and bacterial communities were comprehensively studied in present study.

Results
263 ARG (nine types of ARGs) and 51 MGE subtypes were detected in 56 samples, and the characteristics of the temporal and spatial distribution of ARGs, MGEs and the composition of bacterial communities were significantly different. Moreover, the correlation among the ARGs, bacterial communities, MGEs and environmental factors were defined, and the co-occurrence patterns associated with ARG subtypes, bacterial genera, and MGE subtypes between water and sediment of the Douhe Reservoir were different.

Conclusions
In summary, ARGs were ubiquitous presence in water and sediment of the Douhe Reservoir, and the multidrug, aminoglycoside and macrolide–lincosamide–streptogramin B (MLSB) were main types of ARGs. Bacterial genera and the environmental factors [such as temperature (T), nitrate–nitrogen (NO– 3–N), total dissolved nitrogen (TDN), and total phosphorus (TP)] significantly affected the distribution pattern of ARGs. Overall, this research revealed the spatiotemporal change and transmission mechanisms of ARGs in the typical drinking water sources of reservoirs, which will supply clues to ensure the safety of water sources.
Case report: anaesthetic and surgical management of a diaphragmatic rupture with tension pneumothorax and iatrogenic bowel perforation in an undiagnosed Bochdalek hernia patient
Authors: Chan Steffi Kang Ting , Tan Daryl Jian’an , Aman Maria Dhahrani Martinez 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Congenital diaphragmatic defects are rare, with most cases presenting in childhood. Diagnosis in adulthood is usually incidental or when symptoms develop. We present a case of a strangulated Bochdalek hernia complicated by possible tension pneumothorax and iatrogenic bowel injury in a healthy young male.

Case presentation
A 23-year-old Chinese man initially presented with complaints of mild back pain and was discharged with symptomatic treatment. He presented again 3 days later, with dyspnea and left upper back pain and was haemodynamically unstable and hypoxic. A chest x-ray was reported as a moderately large left-sided pneumothorax with herniation of bowel into the left hemithorax. Needle decompression resulted in feculent fluid being aspirated with no resolution of symptoms. The patient required an immediate transfer to the operating theatre for surgical intervention of his left diaphragmatic rupture, complicated by visceral herniation and left tension pneumothorax, with accidental puncture of the herniated bowel. He underwent an emergent laparotomy with requirements for rapid lung isolation and continued aggressive resuscitation.

Conclusions
Patients with congenital diaphragmatic hernias may present in adulthood, either incidentally or emergently. In the well adult patient with good reserves, these initial symptoms may be mild, and may be symptomatically treated with no further workup. However, patients may deteriorate rapidly once their compensatory mechanisms are exhausted.
This is the first reported case of a patient with diaphragmatic rupture and bowel herniation, complicated by iatrogenic tension pneumothorax. This rare case illustrates the speed at which a diaphragmatic rupture may progress, possible pitfalls and offers insights on how a misdiagnosis may be avoided.