bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genome‐wide survey on three local horse populations with a focus on runs of homozygosity pattern
Authors: Criscione Andrea , Mastrangelo Salvatore , D’Alessandro Enrico , Tumino Serena , Di Gerlando Rosalia , Zumbo Alessandro , Marletta Donata , Bordonaro Salvatore 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPurosangue Orientale Siciliano, Sanfratellano and Siciliano represent the Sicilian equine genetic resource. This study aimed to investigate the genetic diversity, population structure and the pattern of autozygosity of Sicilian horse populations using genome‐wide single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data generated with the Illumina Equine SNP70 array. The genotyping data of 17 European and Middle East populations were also included in the study. The patterns of genetic differentiation, model‐based clustering and Neighbour‐Net showed the expected positioning of Sicilian populations within the wide analysed framework and the close connections between the Purosangue Orientale Siciliano and the Arab as well as between Sanfratellano, Siciliano and Maremmano. The highest expected heterozygosity (He) and contemporary effective population size (cNe) were reported in Siciliano (He = 0.323, cNe = 397), and the lowest were reported in Purosangue Orientale Siciliano (He = 0.277, cNe = 10). The analysis of the runs of homozygosity and the relative derived inbreeding revealed high internal homogeneity in Purosangue Orientale Siciliano and Arab horses, intermediate values in Maremmano and Sanfratellano and high heterogeneity in the Siciliano population. The genome‐wide SNP analysis showed the selective pressure on Purosangue Orientale Siciliano towards traits related to endurance performance. Our results underline the importance of planning adequate conservation and exploitation programmes to reduce the level of inbreeding and, therefore, the loss of genetic diversity.
The Juncker Commission as a Politicising Bricoleur and the Renewed Momentum in Social Europe
Authors: Copeland Paul 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis article analyses the Juncker Commission's strategy to revitalize the legislative aspects of social Europe. Given the inherent obstacles to forging agreements in the field the Commission was required to operationalize a strategy of being a politicalising bricoleur: a bricoleur in the sense it revisited and revised existing tools with the aim of generating change and building an integration moment in social Europe; politicizing in the sense that the Commission exercised social acuity, built broad teams to mobilize for change, and deployed a distinctive discursive strategy. The analysis finds that the Commission had some success, but continued obstacles resulted in reforms being focused on revisions to relatively non‐contentious policies rather than new legislative agreements. The analysis draws attention to the creativity of Commission agency and the constraints within which it operates.
Efficacy and safety of sitagliptin and insulin for latent autoimmune diabetes in adults: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Lin Tong , Cai Yinhe , Tang Liting , Lian Youwei , Liu Min , Liu Chaonan 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACTAims/IntroductionThe optimal therapy for latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) remains undefined. Increasing evidence has shown that sitagliptin and insulin treatment can benefit patients with LADA, but the efficacy still lacks systematic evaluation. We carried out this systematic review and meta‐analysis to summarize the current data on the efficacy and safety of sitagliptin combined with insulin on LADA, providing a reliable reference for the effective therapeutic treatment of LADA patients.Materials and MethodsWe retrieved the literature in PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science and CNKI from inception to August 2021. Randomized controlled trials comparing the effects of sitagliptin plus insulin with insulin alone in LADA patients were identified. The outcome measures included parameters of glycemic control, β‐cell function, body mass index and adverse events. The Review Manager 5.2 and Stata 14.0 were utilized for data analysis.ResultsEight randomized controlled trials involving 295 participants were identified. Sitagliptin and insulin treatment lowered hemoglobin A1c (weighted mean difference −0.36, 95% confidence interval −0.61 to −0.10, I2 = 91.6%), increased fasting C‐peptide (weighted mean difference 0.08, 95% confidence interval −0.02 to 0.17, I2 = 88.8%) and had fewer adverse events compared with insulin alone. The inter‐study heterogeneity, potential publication bias and other factors might interpret asymmetrical presentation of funnel plots. There was no significant association between sitagliptin plus insulin treatment and levels of hemoglobin A1c or fasting C‐peptide, regardless of the duration of intervention and sample size.ConclusionsSitagliptin combined with insulin can achieve better glycemic control and improve islet β‐cell function with lower incidence of hypoglycemia compared with insulin alone, which provides an effective and tolerated therapeutic regimen for LADA patients. However, further well‐designed and rigorous randomized controlled trials are required to validate this benefit due to the limited methodology quality of included trials.
A novel desmoplakin mutation causes dilated cardiomyopathy with palmoplantar keratoderma as an early clinical sign
Authors: Karvonen V. , Harjama L. , Heliö K. , Kettunen K. , Elomaa O. , Koskenvuo J.W. , Kere J. , Weckström S. , Holmström M. , Saarela J. , Ranki A. , Heliö T. , Hannula‐Jouppi K. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundPPKs represent a heterogeneous group of disorders with hyperkeratosis of palmar and/or plantar skin. PPK, hair shaft abnormalities, cardiomyopathy and arrhythmias can be caused by mutations in desmosomal genes, e.g. desmoplakin (DSP). PPK should trigger genetic testing to reveal mutations with possible related cardiac disease.ObjectivesTo report a large multigenerational family with a novel DSP mutation associated with early‐onset PPK and adult‐onset cardiomyopathy and arrhythmias.MethodsA custom‐designed in‐house panel of 35 PPK related genes was used to screen mutations in the index patient with focal PPK. The identified DSP mutation was verified by Sanger sequencing. DNA samples from 20 members of the large multigenerational family were sequenced for the DSP mutation. Medical records were reviewed. Clinical dermatological evaluation was performed, including light microscopy of hair samples. Cardiac evaluation included clinical examination, echocardiography, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR), electrocardiogram (ECG), Holter monitoring and laboratory tests.ResultsWe identified a novel autosomal dominant truncating DSP c.2493delA p.(Glu831Aspfs*33) mutation associated with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) with arrhythmia susceptibility and focal PPK as an early cutaneous sign. The mutation was found in nine affected family members, but not in any unaffected members. Onset of dermatological findings preceded cardiac symptoms which were variable and occurred at adult age.ConclusionsWe report a novel truncating DSP mutation causing focal PPK with varying severity and left ventricular dilatation and ventricular extrasystoles. This finding emphasizes the importance of genetic diagnosis in patients with PPK for clinical counselling and management of cardiomyopathies and arrhythmias.
Thirty‐five years of tiger shark Galeocerdo cuvier relative abundance near Bimini, The Bahamas, and the Southeastern United States with a comparison across jurisdictional bounds
Authors: Smukall Matthew J. , Carlson John , Kessel Steven T. , Guttridge Tristan L. , Dhellemmes Félicie , Seitz Andrew C. , Gruber Samuel 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAbundances of large sharks are reported to have declined worldwide, and in response various levels of fisheries management and conservation efforts have been established. For example, marine‐protected areas have been suggested as a means to protect large expanses of ocean from fishing and other industrial activities (e.g., habitat destruction), and in 2011 The Commonwealth of The Bahamas established The Bahamas Shark Sanctuary. Nonetheless, assessing the effectiveness of conservation efforts is challenging because consistent long‐term data sets of shark abundances are often lacking, especially throughout the Caribbean and The Bahamas. In this study, the authors investigated the catch rates and demographics of tiger sharks Galeocerdo cuvier caught in a fishery‐independent survey near Bimini, The Bahamas, from 1984 to 2019 to assess relative abundance trends following the banning of longline fishing in 1993 and the subsequent establishment of the shark sanctuary. To contextualize the relative abundance trends near Bimini, the authors compared this to the relative abundance of tiger sharks in a fishery‐dependent survey from the Southeastern USA (SE USA), conducted from 1994 to 2019. The data of this study suggest that local abundance of tiger sharks has been stable near Bimini since the 1980s, including after the ban of longline fishing and the implementation of the shark sanctuary. In comparison, the abundance near the SE USA has slowly increased in the past decade, following potential declines in the decade preceding the USA Shark Management Plan. The results of this study provide some optimism that current conservation efforts in The Bahamas have been effective to maintain local tiger shark abundance within the protected area. In addition, current fisheries management in the SE USA is allowing this species to recover within those waters.
Pregnant People's Perspectives On Cannabis Use During Pregnancy: A Systematic Review and Integrative Mixed‐Methods Research Synthesis
Authors: Vanstone Meredith , Panday Janelle , Popoola Anuoluwa , Taneja Shipra , Greyson Devon , McDonald Sarah D. , Pack Rachael , Black Morgan , Murray‐Davis Beth , Darling Elizabeth 
Published: April 2022

IntroductionRates of perinatal cannabis use are rising, despite clinical evidence about the potential for harm. Accordingly, pregnant and lactating people who perceive a benefit from cannabis use may have a difficult time making informed decisions about cannabis use.MethodsWe conducted a systematic review of mixed‐methods research to synthesize existing knowledge on the perspectives of pregnant people and their partners about cannabis use in pregnancy. Six health and social science databases were searched up until May 30, 2021. There were no methodological, time, or geographic limits applied. We employed a convergent integrative approach to the inductive analysis of findings from all studies.ResultsWe identified 26 studies describing views of 17,781 pregnant and postpartum people about cannabis use in pregnancy. No studies describing the views of partners were identified, and only one study specifically addressed the perspectives of lactating people. Comparative analysis revealed that whether cannabis was studied alone or grouped with other substances resulted in significant diversity in descriptions of participant decision‐making priorities and perceptions of risks and benefits. Studies of cannabis alone demonstrated a complex decision‐making process whereby perceived benefits are balanced against the available information about risk, which is often unclear and uncertain. Clear and helpful information was difficult to identify, and health care providers were not described as a helpful and trusted resource for decision‐making.DiscussionDecision‐making about cannabis use is difficult for pregnant and lactating people who perceive a benefit from this use, although this decisional difficulty is seldom reflected in studies that examine cannabis as one of multiple substances that pregnant or lactating people may use. Our review suggests several approaches clinicians may take to encourage open and supportive conversations to facilitate informed decisions about cannabis use during the perinatal period.
Irritant contact dermatitis caused by cosmetics containing excessive mercury
Authors: Sun Sihao , Chang Jinxiu , Jiang Xin , Gu Hua 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundIrritant contact dermatitis (ICD) is a localized, nonimmune‐induced inflammatory skin reaction, characterized by multiform skin lesions, including erythema, scaling, edema, blisters, and erosion. Mercury and its related compounds are highly allergic agents that can induce allergic contact dermatitis.AimsThis article aims to clarify the skin damage caused by irritant contact dermatitis caused by the addition of high doses of mercury to skin care products.PatientsA 30‐year‐old female patient sought treatment at our Institute for contact dermatitis.ResultsThrough the patch test of the patients and the component detection of the skin care products her use. A large amount of mercury was found in skin care products, and the patient had no apparent allergic reaction to mercury.ConclusionsWe considered irritant contact dermatitis caused by excess mercury, and the patient's condition improved with treatment.
Button battery taping prevents oesophageal injury
Authors: Wolter Nikolaus E , Wolter Jennifer K , James Adrian L , Ostrow Olivia , McKinnon Nicole K , Everett Tobias , Papsin Blake C , Propst Evan J 
Published: April 2022

AimMost button battery (BB) ingestions in children are unwitnessed leading to prolonged exposures and severe complications. One third of ingestions occur from free BB, that are stored or awaiting disposal. Recommendations have been made to cover the terminals of discarded BB with adhesive tape; however, it is unclear if this practice prevents injury. Our aim was to determine if tape could prevent oesophageal injury in a cadaveric porcine model.MethodsElectrical, masking, packing and duct tape were compared. One BB was left untaped. Taped BBs were placed in a cadaveric porcine oesophagus controlled for temperature and humidification. Specimens were assessed at 0, 0.5, and hourly for 6 h by visual inspection, temperature and pH. BB voltage was measured before and after testing. All tests were repeated in triplicate.ResultsOesophageal specimens demonstrated burn prevention in the packing and duct tape trials. Burns were seen in 2/3 trials with electrical tape and 3/3 trials with masking tape. pH remained neutral throughout the study for all packing and duct tape specimens. pH remained neutral initially for masking tape but increased rapidly to 12 by 2 h. There was no change in battery voltage for the packing tape and duct tape trials. There was a 16.3% reduction in voltage for masking tape which was similar to controls.ConclusionsTaping BB with packing tape and duct tape prevented oesophageal burns. This may provide a novel method of burn prevention for loose BB intended for disposal.
Pharmacokinetics of intravenous, oral transmucosal, and intranasal buprenorphine in healthy male dogs
Authors: Enomoto Hiroko , Love Lydia , Madsen Melanie , Wallace Amber , Messenger Kristen M. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractEffective management of pain in animals is of critical importance but options are limited for treating acute pain in dogs on an outpatient basis. The objective of this study was to compare the plasma concentrations and pharmacokinetics of a concentrated solution of buprenorphine, 1.8 mg/ml (Simbadol™) administered intravenously, intranasally, and via the oral transmucosal (OTM) route in healthy male dogs. Five healthy castrated adult male Beagle‐cross dogs were included in this randomized blocked crossover study. The dogs received 0.03 mg/kg body weight buprenorphine intravenously, intranasally, or via the OTM route, with a minimum 72‐h washout period between treatments. Blood samples were collected at multiple intervals up to 24 h post administration and buprenorphine plasma concentrations were determined by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Non‐compartmental pharmacokinetic analysis revealed that the area under the curve of intravenous, intranasal, and OTM routes were 28.0 (15.1–41.3) h × ng/ml, 16.1 (3.4–28.7) h × ng/ml and 10.8 (8.8–11.8) h × ng/ml, respectively. The bioavailability of intranasal and OTM routes were 57.5 (22.7–93.7)% and 41.1 (25.5–69.4)%, respectively. Intranasal and OTM routes of administration of concentrated buprenorphine in dogs may allow for the provision of analgesic care at home.
Climate and soil differentially affect species, trait and diversity patterns of woody overstorey and fern understorey in a subtropical forest along an elevation gradient in Taiwan
Authors: Helsen Kenny , Shen Yen‐Cheng , Lin Tsung‐Yi , Chen Chien‐Fan , Huang Chu‐Mei , Li Ching‐Feng , Zelený David 
Published: April 2022

AbstractQuestionsAlthough the relative importance of climate in abiotic filtering is higher for woody than for herbaceous species assemblages, it is unclear whether this pattern is also reflected between the woody overstorey and herbaceous understorey of forests. The understorey might respond more to small‐scale soil variation, next to experiencing additional abiotic filtering through overstorey effects on light and litter quality. We explored the proportional importance of climate and soil on the species, trait and (functional) diversity patterns of both the forest overstorey and fern and lycophyte understorey.LocationSubtropical forest along an elevational gradient from 850 to 2100 m a.s.l. in northern Taiwan.MethodsWe measured nine functional traits expected to respond to soil nutrient or climatic stress for woody overstorey species and understorey ferns and lycophytes. Next, we performed parallel constrained ordinations on over‐ and understorey species and trait composition, and multiple regression for species and functional diversity, using measured climate proxies and soil variables as predictors.ResultsClimate was more important than soil in predicting the species composition of both vegetation layers and trait composition of the understorey. The stronger than expected effect of climate for the understorey was likely due to fern and lycophytes’ higher vulnerability to drought, while the higher importance of soil for the overstorey trait composition seemed driven by deciduous species. The environmental drivers affected different response traits in both vegetation layers, and the overstorey had additional effects on understorey traits, resuling in a disconnection of community‐level trait values across layers. Interestingly, species and functional diversity patterns could be almost exclusively explained by climate effects for both layers.ConclusionsThis study illustrates that abiotic filtering can differentially affect species, trait and diversity patterns and can be highly divergent for forest overstorey and fern understorey vegetation, and should consequently not be extrapolated across vegetation layers.
Democratic institutions in Brazilian tourism policy: An analysis of council laws
Authors: Bassani Carolina P. , Gomes Bruno M. A. , Teles Margarete A. , Bonfim Izac de O. B. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractInclusiveness, popular control, considered judgment, and transparency are the consensual “goods” democratic innovations should aim to produce, according to an analytical framework designed to study democratic institutions like policy councils. Tourism councils, although not often studied, represent a public policy with potential for local development and have as a peculiarity the predominance of entrepreneurs. These characteristics lead us to ask how the laws established by the councils contemplate participatory democracy. In this article, we carry out documentary research on the laws behind the creation and regulation of tourism councils in 10 Brazilian cities. Through content analysis, the results show that the rules favor some diversity of the members, with a bias toward the business sector. Popular control is a concern in only half the rules studied. Most councils favor considered judgment and internal transparency but are not concerned with external transparency. Overall, the laws show a lack of clarity in the organization of tourism councils, which affects the council members and society and leads to a failure to provide adequate rules to improve the production of democratic goods.
Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System categories: Long‐term imaging outcomes in a prospective surveillance cohort
Authors: Kim Byoung Je , Choi Sang Hyun , Kim So Yeon , Lim Young‐Suk , Lee So Jung , Byun Jae Ho , Won Hyung Jin 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackground and AimsWe assessed the imaging outcomes of Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI‐RADS) v2018 categories in prospective hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) surveillance cohort and determined imaging features significantly predictive of progression to a malignant LI‐RADS category.MethodsThe imaging outcomes of 120 patients (162 observations) prospectively enrolled between November 2011 and August 2012 were analysed according to LI‐RADS v2018. Cumulative incidences for progression to a malignant category (LR‐5 or LR‐M) and LR‐4 or higher were calculated for each baseline category and compared using log‐rank tests. Clinical variables and imaging features significantly predictive of progression to a malignant category were evaluated using Cox proportional hazards modelling.ResultsThe 162 observations were initially categorized into 60 LR‐2, 75 LR‐3 and 27 LR‐4. For LR‐4 observations, the 1‐year, 3‐year and 5‐year cumulative incidences of progression to a malignant category were 18.5% (95% confidence interval, 6.6–35.2%), 43.0% (23.1–61.5%) and 52.5% (25.9–73.5%), which were significantly higher than those of LR‐2 and LR‐3 (p  < .001). For LR‐3, the 1‐year, 3‐year and 5‐year cumulative incidences of progression to LR‐4 or higher were 4.1% (1.1–10.4%), 13.9% (6.7–23.6%) and 23.1% (12.7–35.4%), which were significantly higher than that of LR‐2 (p = .009). In multivariable analysis, size ≥1.0 cm (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.58, 1.04–6.40) and nonrim arterial‐phase hyperenhancement (HR = 2.45, 1.11–5.42) were significantly independently associated with progression to a malignant category.ConclusionLong‐term imaging outcomes differed significantly according to LI‐RADS category. Size ≥1.0 cm and nonrim arterial‐phase hyperenhancement were imaging features significantly predictive of progression to a malignant category.