bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Collaborative programming of robotic task decisions and recovery behaviors
Authors: Eiband Thomas , Willibald Christoph , Tannert Isabel , Weber Bernhard , Lee Dongheui 
Published: October 2022

AbstractProgramming by demonstration is reaching industrial applications, which allows non-experts to teach new tasks without manual code writing. However, a certain level of complexity, such as online decision making or the definition of recovery behaviors, still requires experts that use conventional programming methods. Even though, experts cannot foresee all possible faults in a robotic application. To encounter this, we present a framework where user and robot collaboratively program a task that involves online decision making and recovery behaviors. Hereby, a task-graph is created that represents a production task and possible alternative behaviors. Nodes represent start, end or decision states and links define actions for execution. This graph can be incrementally extended by autonomous anomaly detection, which requests the user to add knowledge for a specific recovery action. Besides our proposed approach, we introduce two alternative approaches that manage recovery behavior programming and compare all approaches extensively in a user study involving 21 subjects. This study revealed the strength of our framework and analyzed how users act to add knowledge to the robot. Our findings proclaim to use a framework with a task-graph based knowledge representation and autonomous anomaly detection not only for initiating recovery actions but particularly to transfer those to a robot.
Adolescent Inpatient Mental Health Admissions: An Exploration of Interpersonal Polyvictimization, Family Dysfunction, Self-Harm and Suicidal Behaviours
Authors: Stewart Shannon L. , Semovski Valbona , Lapshina Natalia 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe mental health system is impacted by extreme delays in the provision of care, even in the face of suicidal behaviour. The failure to address mental health issues in a timely fashion result in a dependence on acute mental health services. Improvement to the mental health care system is impacted by the paucity of information surrounding client profiles admitted to inpatient settings. Using archival data from 10,865 adolescents 12–18 years of age (Mage = 14.87, SDage = 1.77), this study aimed to examine the characteristics of adolescents admitted to psychiatric inpatient services in Ontario, Canada. Multivariate binary logistic regression revealed that adolescents reporting interpersonal polyvictimization, greater family dysfunction and higher risk of suicide and self-harm had a greater likelihood of an inpatient mental health admission. The interRAI Child and Youth Mental Health assessment can be used for care planning and early intervention to support adolescents and their families before suicide risk is imminent.
Covid-19 and the 2020 presidential election
Authors: M. Mitchell David 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWhether deserved on not, US Presidents often receive the blame or the credit for the nature of the economy and direction of the country. Therefore, the status of the economy and the country in an election year can be a very important factor in election success for an incumbent President (or his party if an incumbent is not running). This is especially true in ‘battleground states’ due to the presence of the Electoral College system where Presidential candidates need only win different combinations of states in order to become President. However, the 2020 Presidential election was vastly different from past election cycles in that an additional variable, COVID-19, was added to the decision calculus of voters. Eventually, the 2020 election came down to the extremely slim margins in three states (Arizona, Georgia, and Wisconsin) and thin margins in two others (Pennsylvania and Michigan). This paper shows that deaths from COVID-19 at the county level played a small role in demotivating voters to turnout in 2020 to cast their vote for Joe Biden as President. In other words, without Covid-19, President Trump’s losses within these five states would have been even larger.
Artisanal Exploitation of Mineral Resources: Remote Sensing Observations of Environmental Consequences, Social and Ethical Aspects
Authors: Ngom Ndeye Marame , Baratoux David , Bolay Matthieu , Dessertine Anna , Abass Saley Abdoulatif , Baratoux Lenka , Mbaye Modou , Faye Gayane , Yao Alphonse Kouakou , Kouamé Kan Jean 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSince the rise of the gold price in 2000, artisanal and small-scale gold mining (ASGM) is a growing economic activity in developing countries. It represents a source of income for several millions of people in West Africa. Exploitation techniques have evolved from traditional gold panning to mechanization and use of chemical products that are harmful for the environment. Government strategies to control and regulate this activity are impeded by the difficulties to collect spatial information, due to the remote location and the mobile and informal natural of ASGM. Here we present and discuss the value of remote sensing techniques to complement the knowledge on artisanal mining impacts, including for detection of illegal sites, the evaluation of the degradation of soils and waters, the deforestation and the monitoring of expansion of ASGM with time. However, these techniques are blind regarding gender issues, labor relations, mobility, migration, and insecurity and need to be considered with knowledges from other disciplines. Remote sensing is also instilled with various powers accruing to those enabled to produce and interpret these data. Remote sensing should be therefore used in a reflexive manner that accounts for the social, ethical and political implications of ASGM governance informed by space observations.
Digital Competences of Pre-service Teachers in Italy and Poland
Authors: Tomczyk Łukasz , Fedeli Laura , Włoch Anna , Limone Pierpaolo , Frania Monika , Guarini Piergiorgio , Szyszka Michał , Mascia Maria Lidia , Falkowska Joanna 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe aim of this research was to compare the level of digital competence of future pedagogical staff (students of pedagogical faculties) in Italy and Poland. The research was conducted using original measurement tools and knowledge tests. The triangulation of techniques and research tools made possible the determination of the level of knowledge of the positive and negative features of the development of the information society, as well as the proficiency and frequency of use of the most popular websites and software. The research was conducted in the first half of 2022 using stratified sampling in both countries (N = 1209, IT = 604, PL = 605). Based on the data collected, it was noted that: (1) Pre-service teachers most often use software such as word processors and presentation creation tools; (2) This group very rarely uses software to create web pages, create visual material, or edit video; (3) The least problematic software that students use are word processors and multimedia presentations; (4) Among the typical ICT mediated activities that cause problems are: searching for and installing freeware (PL), installing and configuring parental control software (PL, IT), creating websites (PL, IT), searching for freely licensed images, and identifying plagiarism (PL); (5) Polish students have more theoretical knowledge about e-risks and the possibilities of the digital world than their Italian counterparts; (6) In most domains, the Italian future teachers rate their competences higher; (7) 53.81% of the respondents in IT and 38.68% in PL received lower results in competence tests, and handling ICT in selected areas causes problems for these students; (8) Both in PL and IT the frequency of ICT use and its seamless integration are predictors for assessing the effectiveness of ICT use in education.
Associations Among Sex, Cognitive Ability, and Autism Symptoms in Individuals with Down Syndrome
Authors: del Hoyo Soriano Laura , Sterling Audra , Edgin Jamie , Hamilton Debra R. , Berry-Kravis Elizabeth , Dimachkie Nunnally Amanda , Thurman Angela John , Abbeduto Leonard 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis study explores sex-differences in (a) rates and profiles of autism symptoms as well as in (b) the contribution of intellectual quotient (IQ) to autism symptom presentation in Down syndrome (DS). Participants were 40 males and 38 females with DS, aged 6 to 23 years. Autism symptoms were rated through the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule-Second Edition (ADOS-2). Results show no sex differences in the ADOS-2 Calibrated Severity Scores (CSS). However, only females with DS who are classified as DS-Only have higher scores on verbal IQ than those classified as DS + autism. Furthermore, associations between IQ and all CSSs are found for females, but not for males. Findings suggest that verbal cognition may play differential roles for females and males with DS.
Preventing Pain and Stress-Related Ill-Health in Employees: A 6-Months Follow-Up of a Psychosocial Program in a Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Zetterberg Hedvig , Owiredua Christiana , Åsenlöf Pernilla , Lennartsson Rebecca , Brodda Jansen Gunilla , Boersma Katja , Linton Steven J. , Reme Silje E. , Shaw William , Nicholas Michael , Flink Ida 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPurpose Pain and stress-related ill-health are major causes of long-term disability and sick leave. This study evaluated the effects of a brief psychosocial program, which previously has been tested for an at-risk population of employees. Methods The Effective Communication within the Organization (ECO) program, where supervisors and employees were trained in communication and problem solving, was compared to an active control consisting of psychoeducative lectures (PE) about pain and stress in a cluster randomized controlled trial. First-line supervisors were randomized to ECO or PE, and a total of 191 mainly female employees with self-reported pain and/or stress-related ill-health were included. The hybrid format programs consisted of 2–3 group sessions. Sick leave data was collected from social insurance registers, before and 6-months after the program. Secondary outcomes (work ability, work limitations, pain-disability risk, exhaustion symptoms, perceived stress, perceived health, quality of life, perceived communication and support from supervisors) were assessed at baseline, post intervention, and at 6-months follow-up. Results No effects were observed on primary or secondary outcome variables. Pain symptoms were common (89%), however a lower proportion (30%) were identified as at risk for long-term pain disability, which might explain the lack of evident effects. The Covid-19 pandemic affected participation rates and delivery of intervention. Conclusion In this study, preventive effects of the ECO program were not supported. Altogether, the findings point at the importance of selecting participants for prevention based on screening of psychosocial risk. Further research on workplace communication and support, and impact on employee health is warranted.
On Recognizing Staircase Compatibility
Authors: Bärmann Andreas , Gemander Patrick , Martin Alexander , Merkert Maximilian 
Published: October 2022

AbstractFor the problem to find an m-clique in an m-partite graph, staircase compatibility has recently been introduced as a polynomial-time solvable special case. It is a property of a graph together with an m-partition of the vertex set and total orders on each subset of the partition. In optimization problems involving m-cliques in m-partite graphs as a subproblem, it allows for totally unimodular linear programming formulations, which have shown to efficiently solve problems from different applications. In this work, we address questions concerning the recognizability of this property in the case where the m-partition of the graph is given, but suitable total orders are to be determined. While finding these total orders is NP-hard in general, we give several conditions under which it can be done in polynomial time. For bipartite graphs, we present a polynomial-time algorithm to recognize staircase compatibility and show that staircase total orders are unique up to a small set of reordering operations. On m-partite graphs, where the recognition problem is NP-complete in the general case, we identify a polynomially solvable subcase and also provide a corresponding algorithm to compute the total orders. Finally, we evaluate the performance of our ordering algorithm for m-partite graphs on a set of artificial instances as well as real-world instances from a railway timetabling application. It turns out that applying the ordering algorithm to the real-world instances and subsequently solving the problem via the aforementioned totally unimodular reformulations indeed outperforms a generic formulation which does not exploit staircase compatibility.
Burning: silenced rage in Lee and Faulkner
Authors: Pettersson Peeker Aili 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis article presents a cognitively informed cross-cultural study of how rage is silenced in two narratives: Lee Chang-dong’s 2018 filmBurningand William Faulkner’s 1939 short story “Barn Burning” that Lee’s film is inspired by. While earlier readings ofBurninghave privileged the individual aspects of the violent rage that is central to the film, a cognitive reading expands the scope by revealing how emotions are always embedded within social systems beyond the individual. This article draws on neurocognitive research as well as feminist investigations of affect to argue that such an expansion is needed to imagine non-violent expressions of rage. Tracing the violent and patriarchal genealogy of silenced rage from Lee to Faulkner, this article offers a comparative reading of intertextuality that focuses on how emotions are expressed in the father-son relationships in the two stories. Specifically, it considers how legal systems and the patriarchal family shape how characters express emotion. By exploring the possibilities for non-violent expressions of rage, the article ultimately considers the political ramifications of considering rage as primarily individual and suggests that we can discern relationships between social systems and expressions of emotion by attending to how complex and culturally situated emotions—like rage—travel across global translations and adaptations.
Cognitive Impairments and blood-brain Barrier Damage in a Mouse Model of Chronic Cerebral Hypoperfusion
Authors: Yang Lu , Song Jiangman , Nan Di , Wan You , Guo Huailian 
Published: October 2022

AbstractChronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) is commonly involved in various brain diseases. Tight junction proteins (TJs) are key components constituting the anatomical substrate of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Changes in cognitive function and BBB after CCH and their relationship need further exploration. To investigate the effect of CCH on cognition and BBB, we developed a bilateral common carotid artery stenosis (BCAS) model in Tie2-GFP mice. Mice manifested cognitive impairments accompanied with increased microglia after the BCAS operation. BCAS mice also exhibited increased BBB permeability at all time points set from D1 to D42. Furthermore, BCAS mice showed reduced expression of TJs 42 d after the operation. In addition, correct entrances of mice in radial arm maze test had a moderate negative correlation with EB extravasation. Our data suggested that BCAS could lead to cognitive deficits, microglia increase and BBB dysfunction characterized by increased BBB permeability and reduced TJs expression level. BBB permeability may be involved in the cognitive impairments induced by CCH.
Perceptual warrant and internal access
Authors: Zeimbekis John 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPerceptual beliefs that categorize objects can be justified by demonstrating basic properties (eg shapes) of the objects. In these justifications, perceptual justifiers have different contents to the beliefs they justify. I argue that the justifications are not inferential. Subjects are unlikely to have bodies of beliefs adequate to inferentially justify the beliefs they actually form on the strength of their object recognition abilities, especially when recognition depends on stimulus-dependent retrieval of visual memories. Instead, I argue, the justifications exploit a partial awareness that subjects have of states and processes involved in object recognition. As such, they show that subjects have a degree of internal access to the principles of externalistic perceptual warrant, and to the features of perceptual states that give them justificatory force on externalistic accounts. The justifications themselves are evidential, but in order for them to have any justificatory force, they have to be placed in an externalistic framework for perceptual justification. I conclude that this form of justification shows that subjects have a degree of insight into why their perceptual experiences justify their beliefs.
Uniform calibration tests for forecasting systems with small lead time
Authors: Bröcker Jochen 
Published: October 2022

AbstractA long noted difficulty when assessing calibration (or reliability) of forecasting systems is that calibration, in general, is a hypothesis not about a finite dimensional parameter but about an entire functional relationship. A calibrated probability forecast for binary events for instance should equal the conditional probability of the event given the forecast, whatever the value of the forecast. A new class of tests is presented that are based on estimating thecumulativedeviations from calibration. The supremum of those deviations is taken as a test statistic, and the asymptotic distribution of the test statistic is established rigorously. It turns out to be universal, provided the forecasts “look one step ahead” only, or in other words, verify at the next time step in the future. The new tests apply to various different forecasting problems and are compared with established approaches which work in a regression based framework. In comparison to those approaches, the new tests develop power against a wider class of alternatives. Numerical experiments for both artificial data as well as operational weather forecasting systems are presented, and possible extensions to longer lead times are discussed.
Causality and determination, powers and agency: Anscombean perspectives
Authors: Mulder Jesse M. , Müller Thomas , Ometto Dawa , van Miltenburg Niels 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAnscombe’s 1971 inaugural lecture at Cambridge, entitled ‘Causality and Determination’, has had a lasting influence on a remarkably broad range of philosophers and philosophical debates, touching on fundamental topics in philosophy of science, action theory, the free will debate, epistemology, philosophy of mind, and metaphysics. Especially where anti-reductionist or pluralist strands of philosophical thought are being seriously considered, one should not be surprised to find references to Anscombe’s lecture. Moreover, there appears to be a growing interest in Anscombe’s comprehensive philosophical outlook, as attested by the recent publication of a weighty collection of essays spanning that outlook in its full breadth in the prestigious Routledge Philosophical Minds series. Against this background it is apt that now, 50 years after the original lecture, a Topical Collection sees the light, circling around the most central themes from Anscombe’s lecture, with a particular emphasis on the question how these hang together, how they form part of the larger philosophical project that Anscombe obviously intended the lecture to highlight. This Introduction motivates the Topical Collection, and introduces the various contributions against that background.
DLC-Coated Thermoplastics: Tribological Analyses under Lubricated Rolling-Sliding Conditions
Authors: Reitschuster S. , Maier E. , Lohner T. , Stahl K. , Bobzin K. , Kalscheuer C. , Thiex M. , Sperka P. , Hartl M. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe goal of this work is to evaluate the potential of diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings on thermoplastic polymers for friction and wear reduction in highly stressed rolling–sliding contacts. Therefore, hydrogen-containing DLC coatings were deposited on the polymer surface by a low-temperature high power pulsed magnetron sputtering (HPPMS) physical vapor deposition (PVD) process. The rolling-sliding contact between coated polyamide 66 (PA66) or coated polyether ether ketone (PEEK) against case-hardened steel 16MnCr5 is investigated in a twin-disk tribometer at normal loads up to FN = 1,000 N, sum velocities between 1 m/s ≤ vΣ ≤ 16 m/s and slip ratios up to s = 50%. Results show a friction reduction with the application of DLC on the considered polymers compared to uncoated polymers under specific lubrication conditions. High solid losses caused by the polymer’s internal damping properties dominate the temperature behavior of the polymer, even when coated with DLC. Regarding the wear behavior, DLC coatings show potential especially under severe mixed lubrication conditions with high-solid load portion and sliding. The knowledge gained about coated polymers can be used to improve the overall tribological performance in terms of friction and wear of thermoplastic machine elements like gears.
Long-Term Lubricity of Carbon Nanoparticle Coatings on Periodically Laser-Patterned Metallic Surfaces
Authors: MacLucas Timothy , Leonhard-Trautmann Philipp , Suarez Sebastian , Mücklich Frank 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe lubricity of coatings made from different types of carbon nanoparticles such as carbon onions, carbon nanohorns and carbon nanotubes is investigated on line-patterned AISI 304 stainless-steel substrates using ball-on-disc tribometry over 200,000 sliding cycles. Picosecond direct laser interference patterning is used to create line-patterns on the substrate surfaces which are subsequently coated by electrophoretic deposition. Friction testing is conducted on as-processed surfaces in linear reciprocal mode at a normal load of 100 mN with alumina and 100Cr6 as counter body materials. The resulting wear tracks on the substrates as well as wear scars on the counter bodies are characterized by scanning electron microscopy as well as energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Tribometry shows that CNTs have the ability to maintain lubricity against both counter body materials. CO and CNH coatings sustain their lubricity against 100Cr6 over the full test duration but fail against alumina. In contrast to alumina, substantial carbon transfer from the substrate surface to 100Cr6 counter body is observed.
The Reactive Element Effect
Authors: Fritscher Klaus 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Rationalizing the reactive element effect operative in alumina- and chromia-forming alloys upon oxidation under oxidizing hot gas atmospheres, referring to investigations on zirconium oxide-coated test samples for gas turbine alloys. This retrospective study uses the results of cyclic furnace lifetime tests conducted at 1100 °C on ZrO2-coated Ni-base alloys with Y− or Y+ Hf-doped bond coats and correlates them with the parabolic oxidation rate constant at 1100 °C of binary NiAl alloys doped with Y, Zr, or Hf. Parallel results at higher temperatures allow the respective oxidation processes during the cyclic lifetimes to be assigned to cation-dominated or anion-dominated transport processes. The correlations document the close interrelationship between

the refractory element content (Mo, Re, Ta, W) in the substrate alloy

the total content of the two reactive elements Y and Zr in the mixed zone of the scale, representing a Me3+ iso-valence value

individual relative lifetime parameters in pct for EBPVD thermal barrier coating systems associated with cation-dominated transport processes.