bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Facies partitioning of fluvial, wave, and tidal influences across the shoreline-to-shelf architecture in the Western Interior Campanian Seaway, USA
Authors: Minor Keith P. , Wroblewski Anton , Steel Ronald J. , Olariu Cornel , Crabaugh Jeff P. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The influence of bottom currents and tectonic activity on shelf sedimentary processes and sand distribution remains poorly constrained. A growing body of research highlights the importance and variability of the shelf sandstone bodies. To explore the roles of fluvial, wave and bottom current-controlled sediment distribution in the Western Interior Seaway, 21 marine sandstone outcrops in Wyoming and Colorado were analysed. Recurring facies associations include: paralic, tide-influenced coastal margins; mainly east and SE prograding, wave-dominated delta-fronts and shorefaces; heavily bioturbated, glauconitic sandstones; and traction current-dominated, tidally influenced, open-marine subaqueous delta and shelf deposits, with southward palaeocurrent directions. Intense reworking by a moderately diverse ichnofauna occurs in wave-dominated and glauconitic facies. Minimal burrowing occurs in cross-stratified subaqueous delta and shelf deposits. Lithofacies associations are interpreted to change basinward with increasing water depth. Ichnoassociations reflect the proximity of river mouths. Widespread, southward palaeocurrent directions, not restricted to a narrow longshore zone, on the shallow-marine shelf indicate the persistence of strong, along-shelf sand-transport which has not been previously documented in detail. Palaeobathymetric complexity caused by uplift of Laramide structures amplified and accelerated bottom and tidal currents and facilitated the erosion, transport and deposition of older sediments.
Study on the Method for Measuring Stress on Rock Mass Excavation Surface under Extremely High Stress Conditions
Authors: Ai Kai , Zhang Xinhui , Zhou Chao 
Published: October 2022

In view of the limitations of several existing stress measurement methods under extremely high stress conditions (

stress
−
strength

ratio

σ
/
R
c
>
0.5

), this paper proposes a slot relief method based on partial deformation recovery to measure rock mass surface stress under extremely high stress conditions and justifies its viability with the help of an infinite element model. This method is then used to measure and study a research tunnel in West China’s Jinping II Hydropower Station, where the maximum stress measured reached 80 MPa. In the process of measurement, this method needs neither complete borehole core nor ultrahigh pressure equipment. On the contrary, the test equipment is easy to carry and operate on, suitable for rock mass surface stress measurement under extremely high stress conditions, and able to provide in situ stress measurements for cavern rockburst prevention and slope management.
Targeting the DLL/Notch Signaling Pathway in Cancer: Challenges and Advances in Clinical Development
Authors: You Weon-Kyoo , Schuetz Thomas J. , Lee Sang Hoon 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The DLL/Notch signaling pathway plays an important role in cancer as a key driver in maintaining cancer stemness and inducing tumor angiogenesis. Many different types of DLL/Notch inhibitors have been developed and explored in clinical trials for cancer treatment, including small-molecule compounds to inhibit gamma-secretase and antibodies targeting Notch ligands or receptors. Despite promising efficacy of these inhibitors in preclinical studies, the overall clinical outcomes have been insufficient to advance to the next stage of clinical development primarily due to safety concerns or modest efficacy. To overcome the narrow therapeutic window of DLL/Notch inhibitors, diverse strategies for improving the balance between the safety and efficacy are currently being explored. Here, we review the clinical perspective and potential of DLL/Notch inhibitors as anticancer agents based on recent results from multiple clinical studies. An antibody specifically targeting Notch ligands or receptors may offer a better approach to reduce concerns about toxicity derived from broad-spectrum DLL/Notch blockers. In addition, combination therapy with an angiogenesis inhibitor targeting VEGF could be a better option for increasing anticancer efficacy. Taken together, the results of clinical trials suggest a bispecific antibody blocking the DLL/Notch and VEGF/VEGFR signaling pathways as a promising approach for effective anticancer treatment.
Gender gap among highly cited researchers, 2014–2021
Authors: Meho Lokman I. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This study examines the extent to which women are represented among the world’s highly cited researchers (HCRs) and explores their representation over time and across fields, regions, and countries. The study identifies 11,842 HCRs in all fields and uses Gender-API, Genderize.Io, Namsor, and the web to identify their gender. Women’s share of HCRs grew from 13.1% in 2014 to 14.0% in 2021; however, the increase is slower than that of women’s representation among the general population of authors. The data show that women’s share of HCRs would need to increase by 100% in health and social sciences, 200% in agriculture, biology, earth, and environmental sciences, 300% in mathematics and physics, and 500% in chemistry, computer science, and engineering to close the gap with men. Women’s representation among all HCRs in North America, Europe, and Oceania ranges from 15% to 18%, compared to a world average of 13.7%. Among countries with the highest number of HCRs, the gender gap is least evident in Switzerland, Brazil, Norway, the United Kingdom, and the United States and most noticeable in Asian countries. The study reviews factors that can be seen to influence the gender gap among HCRs and makes recommendations for improvement.
Response Preparation Affects Cognitive Motor Control
Authors: Andujar Marta , Marc Isabel Beatrice , Giuffrida Valentina , Ferraina Stefano , Brunamonti Emiliano , Pani Pierpaolo 
Published: October 2022

Objective We investigated how the ability to control whether or not to inhibit an action is affected by the response preparation. Background The ability to control actions is a central skill to properly behave in complex environments. Increased levels of response preparation are associated with reduced response times, but how they directly affect the ability to control actions is not well explored. We investigated how the response preparation affects the ability to control the generation of actions in the context of a stop selective task. Method Participants performed a visuo-motor stop selective task. Results We found that an increased level of response preparation reduced the ability to control actions. In the condition with high preparation, we observed shorter response times and increased probability of wrong responses to a request to stop, compared to a condition with a lower level of preparation. Conclusion We demonstrated that high response preparation hinders action control. Application Understanding the cognitive factors that affect the ability to properly control actions is crucial to develop devices that can be exploited in different contexts such as the aviation, industrial, and military. We demonstrated that subjects’ response preparation is a key factor influencing their ability to flexibly control their reaction to different stimuli. This study offers a suitable paradigm that can be used to investigate which system features in a controlled task promote an optimal balance between response speed and error rate.
Perceived causes, diagnosis methods and treatment practices of mental illness among traditional healers of the Berta community in Assosa, Ethiopia
Authors: Gutema Boki Tolasa , Mengstie Missaye Mulatie 
Published: October 2022

Introduction: Mental illness is a non-communicable disease that is increasingly contributing to the global burden of diseases and disability. It affects a person’s feelings, thinking, behavior, and daily life functioning. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to explore perceived causes of mental illness, techniques for identifying mental illness, and treatment methods used by traditional healers in the Berta community. Methods: The study employed a qualitative research method. Data were collected using semi-structured in-depth interviews with seven traditional healers who were selected purposefully. We used thematic analysis to present and analyze the data. Results: The findings of this study indicated that witchcraft, supernatural power, hereditary, substance use, and food poising as the main perceived causes of mental illness among traditional healers in the Berta community. The traditional healers identify mental illness using different techniques such as patient observation, interviews with a patient’s family, use of religious books, and use of herbals. The traditional healers in the Berta community identify mental illness based on behavioral symptoms like talking about things that don’t make sense, laughing alone, taking off clothes in public places, collecting and carrying dirty materials, eating dirty foods, and harming or intention to harm others. Conclusions: The traditional healers in the Berta community use herbals, religious books, and bone divination to guide their treatment of persons with mental illnesses. Some of these traditional healing practices options are peculiar to the Berta Community that are used to diagnosize and treat mental illnesses. Recommendations: The traditional healing practices of the Berta community should be recognized, licensed, and supported by the Ministry of Health and the Ethiopian Food and Drug Administration and Control Authority.
Prediction of prognosis and outcome of patients with pulmonary embolism in the emergency department using early warning scores and qSOFA score
Authors: Yolcu Sadiye , Kaya Adem , Yilmaz Nurettin 
Published: October 2022

Objective To determine the prediction ability of the National Early Warning Score (NEWS), National Early Warning Score 2 (NEWS2), and quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (qSOFA) score for the prognosis of pulmonary embolism (PE) in the emergency department. Methods This retrospective study involved 245 patients with PE. The NEWS, NEWS2, and qSOFA scores were compared according to the hospitalization clinic (ward vs. intensive care unit), hospitalization length (<10 vs. >10 days), severity of embolism (massive vs. submassive), and outcome (discharged vs. died). Results The areas under the curve of the NEWS, NEWS2, and qSOFA score for 1-week mortality were 0.854 (sensitivity, 78%; specificity, 73%; cutoff, 7.5; confidence interval, 0.807–0.902), 0.870 (sensitivity, 83%; specificity, 73%; cutoff, 5.5; confidence interval, 0.825–0.915), and 0.789 (sensitivity, 83%; specificity, 51%; cutoff, 0.5; confidence interval, 0.720–0.858), respectively. Conclusion The NEWS2 more accurately predicts 1-week mortality than do the NEWS and qSOFA score in patients with PE.
The impact of Covid-19 restrictions in Ireland on symptom severity in mild to moderate Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Dolan Claire , McDermott Adam 
Published: October 2022

Introduction: The COVID pandemic and public health restrictions significantly impacted those living with neurological conditions such as Parkinson’s Disease due to the curtailment of therapies. Patients attending a single centre movement disorders clinic reported reduced physical activity and quality of life during the pandemic. This study aimed to assess the impact of pandemic restrictions on Parkinson’s Disease symptom severity in people with mild to moderate Parkinson’s Disease. Method: A cross-sectional study design with a convenience sample of 20 people living with mild to moderate Parkinson’s Disease was adopted. A telephone survey questionnaire was completed to measure changes in symptom severity on the 14 most common Parkinson’s Disease symptoms. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics. Results: Nineteen participants completed the survey. Participants frequently reported a decline in nine symptoms of Parkinson’s Disease; bradykinesia, rigidity, walking, sleep, mood, memory, quality of life and fatigue. Nil changes in freezing were reported. No change was reported in the nonmotor symptoms of constipation, speech and pain in 75, 65 and 95% of participants, respectively. Conclusion: Findings of this study acknowledge the negative impact of restrictions on the motor and nonmotor symptoms of Parkinson’s Disease. Flexibility to access and delivery of service should be considered to mitigate any future potential restrictions.
Identification and analysis of the predictive urinary exosomal miR-195-5p in lupus nephritis based on renal miRNA-mRNA co-expression network
Authors: Cheng Chen , Guo Fangfang , Yang Hao , Ma Jietao , Li Honglian , Yin Lele , Li Minmin , Liu Shuwen 
Published: October 2022

Objective Lupus nephritis (LN) is the main complication of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), causing huge financial burden and poor quality of life. Due to the low compliance of renal biopsy, we aim to find a non-invasive biomarker of LN to optimize its predictive, preventive, and personalized medical service or management. Method Herein, we provided a bioinformatic screen combined clinical validation strategy for rapidly mining exosomal miRNAs for LN diagnosis and management. We screened out differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) and differentially expressed mRNAs (DEGs) in LN database and performed a miRNA-mRNA integrated analysis to select out reliable changed miRNAs in LN tissues by using R and Cytoscape. Urinary exosomes were collected by ultracentrifugation and analyzed by nano-tracking analysis and western blotting. Detection of aquaporin-2 showed the tubular source of urinary exosomes. Urinary exosomal miRNAs were detected by RT-qPCR and the target of miR-195-5p was verified by using bioinformatic, dual-luciferase, and western blotting. Result 15 miRNAs and their 60 target mRNAs were contained in miRNA-mRNA integrated map. Bioinformatic analysis showed these miRNAs were involved in various cellular biological process. Exosomal miR-195-5p, miR-25-3p, miR-429, and miR-218-5p were verified in a small clinical group (n = 47). Urinary exosomal miR-195-5p, miR-25-3p, and miR-429 were downregulated in patients and miR-195-5p could recognize LN patients from SLE with good sensitivity and specificity, showing good potential in LN disease monitoring and diagnosis. Conclusion We analyzed and obtained a series of differential miRNAs in LN kidney tissues and suggested that urinary exosomal miR-195-5p could serve as a novel biomarker in LN. Further, miR-195-5p-CXCL10 axis could be a therapeutic target of LN.
Effectiveness of telemedicine in outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy (Tele-OPAT): A systematic review
Authors: Durojaiye Oyewole Christopher , Jibril Ihsan , Kritsotakis Evangelos I 
Published: October 2022

Introduction Telemedicine is increasingly used to deliver healthcare in many clinical specialities. However, the adoption of telemedicine in the delivery of outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy (OPAT) has been relatively slow and limited. This study aims to collate current evidence for telemedicine in OPAT regarding clinical efficacy, safety, acceptability and cost-effectiveness. Methods We systematically searched the Cochrane Library, CINAHL, EMCARE, EMBASE and MEDLINE databases through 24 July 2022, for relevant studies published in English. Research articles and conference abstracts were included if they involved any form of telephone or video consultation in delivering parenteral antibiotics in the home or outpatient setting. Study findings were synthesised into three main themes: patient outcomes and safety, patient and provider satisfaction and cost-effectiveness. The mixed methods appraisal tool was used to review the methodological quality of the studies. PROSPERO CRD42022342874 Results The literature search yielded 311 articles, of which 12 (five full-length articles and seven conference abstracts) reporting over 1245 telemedicine interventions were reviewed. The reported outcomes were heterogeneous. Telemedicine was cost-effective and associated with high patient satisfaction and comparable complication rates compared to conventional OPAT. Considering six comparative studies, rehospitalisation risk was lower for telemedicine than conventional OPAT (risk ratio, 0.58; 95% confidence interval, 0.38–0.88; I2  =  31%). Discussion The results of this review demonstrate that telemedicine has a role in delivering safe and cost-effective OPAT care, especially for patients residing in remote and geographically isolated locations. Nevertheless, high-quality studies and publication of existing data and experiences are needed to further validate this model of care delivery.
Coronary artery calcium score and coronary computed tomography angiography predict one-year mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes and peripheral artery disease undergoing partial foot amputation
Authors: Shalaeva Evgeniya , Bano Arjola , Kasimov Ulugbek , Janabaev Bakhtiyor , Baumgartner Iris , Laimer Markus , Saner Hugo 
Published: October 2022

The aim of the study was to examine the predictive value of coronary computed tomographic angiography (CCTA) and coronary artery calcium score (CACS) on 1-year all-cause mortality in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD) undergoing partial foot amputations (PFA). Methods This is a single-center prospective cohort study including 199 consecutive patients with T2D, PAD (mean age 62.3 ± 7.2 years; 62.8% males), and preoperative CACS and CCTA undergoing PFA and followed-up over 1 year. Results Over a period of 1 year follow-up, a total of 35 (17.6%) participants died. The area under ROC curve to predict mortality for the CACS was 0.835 (95% CI:0.769–0.900), for CCTA 0.858 (95% CI:0.788–0.927). After adjustment for confounders, compared to no-stenosis on CCTA (reference), the risk of all-cause mortality in non-obstructive coronary atery disease (CAD) increased (HR = 1.38, 95% CI [0.75–12.86], p = .284), 1-vessel obstructive CAD (HR = 8.13, 95% CI [0.87–75.88], p = .066), 2-vessels (HR = 10.94, 95% CI [1.03–115.8], p = .047), and 3-vessels (HR = 45.73, 95% CI [4.6–454.7], p = .001) respectively. Increasing levels of CACS tended to be associated with increased risk of all-cause mortality (HR = 1.002, 95% CI [1.0–1.003], p = .061). 61/95 patients with obstructive CAD underwent coronary revascularization. Conclusions Coronary artery calcium score and CCTA have a high predictive value for 1-year all-cause mortality in T2D patients undergoing minor amputations and may be considered for preoperative risk assessment allowing timely preventive interventions.
Narrative Metaphors as a Qualitative Analytical Tool: Networked Webs of Oppression and Pedagogical Care for People of Colour in Academia
Authors: Au Anson Cheuk-Ho 
Published: October 2022

Reflecting on an (auto)ethnographic study from the standpoint of a person of colour, this article uses the narrative myth of Gaia to analyze and structure the recollection of over 5 years of teaching people of colour at a large Canadian university and distill from them the character of pedagogical care. This article demonstrates how narrative metaphors offered the qualitative researcher an analytical tool to examine the networked webs of oppression conjoining personal lived experiences and experiences of students as a rich source of data for people of colour, excavating the nuanced socioemotional modalities that complicate marginalized instructors’ ability to provide pedagogical care for fellow marginalized students and the emotional labour required to resolve these tensions.
Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Diagnostic Frequency of Febrile Seizures: An Electronic Health Record Database Observational Study
Authors: Cadet Katsiah , Ceneviva Gary D , Walter Vonn , Thomas Neal J , Krawiec Conrad 
Published: October 2022

Background and Purpose Febrile seizures are common in children and are associated with viral infection. Mitigation strategies implemented during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic have slowed the spread of all viral illnesses potentially impacting febrile seizure frequency. The objective of this study is to assess the impact of COVID-19 mitigation strategies on the diagnostic frequency of febrile seizures. Methods This was a retrospective observational cohort study utilizing TriNetX ® electronic health record (EHR) data. We included subjects aged 0 to 5 years of age reported to have a febrile seizure diagnosis. After the query, the study population was divided into 2 groups [pre-COVID-19 (April 1st, 2019 until March 31st, 2020) and COVID-19 (April 1st, 2020 until March 31st, 2021). We analyzed the following data: age, sex, race, diagnostic, medication, and procedural codes. Results During the pre-COVID time frame, emergency or inpatient encounters made up 688,704 subjects aged 0 to 5 years in the TriNetx database, while in the COVID-19 pandemic time frame, it made up of 368 627 subjects. Febrile seizure diagnosis frequency decreased by 36.1% [2696 during COVID-19 vs 7462 during the pre-COVID-19] and a higher proportion of status epilepticus was coded [72 (2.7%) vs 120 (1.6%)] ( P < .001) during the COVID-19 pandemic. Hospitalization, lumbar puncture, critical care services, mechanical ventilation procedural codes were similar between the 2 cohorts. Antimicrobial use was higher in the pre-COVID-19 pandemic group [424 (15.7%) vs 1603 (21.5%)] ( P < .001). Conclusions Less children were diagnosed with febrile seizures during the COVID-19 pandemic, but a higher proportion were coded to have the complex subtype. The medical interventions required with the exception of antimicrobial use was similar. Further study is needed regarding mitigation strategies and its impact on pediatric diseases associated with viruses.
Balancing Safety, Comfort, and Fall Risk: An Intervention to Limit Opioid and Benzodiazepine Prescriptions for Geriatric Patients
Authors: Bloomer Ainsley , Wally Meghan , Bailey Gisele , Roomian Tamar , Karunakar Madhav , Hsu Joseph R , Seymour Rachel , Beuhler Michael , Bosse Michael , Gibbs Michael , Griggs Christopher , Jarrett Steven , Leas Daniel , Odum Susan , Runyon Michael , Saha Animita , Yu Ziquing , Watling Brad , Wyatt Stephen 
Published: October 2022

Introduction This study reports on the impact of a clinical decision support tool embedded in the electronic medical record and characterizes the demographics, prescribing patterns, and risk factors associated with opioid and benzodiazepine misuse in the older adult population. Significance This study reports on prescribing patterns for patients ≥65 years-old who presented to Emergency Departments (ED) or Urgent Care (UC) facilities across a large healthcare system following a fall (n = 34,334 encounters; n = 25,469 patients). This system implemented a clinical decision support intervention which provides an alert when the patient has an evidence-based risk factor for prescription drug misuse; prescribers can continue, amend or cancel the prescription. Results Of older adults presenting with a fall, 31.4% (N = 7986) received an opioid or benzodiazepine prescription. Women and younger patients (65-74) had a higher likelihood of receiving a prescription ( P < .0001). 11% had ≥1 risk factor. Women were more likely to receive an early refill ( P = .0002) and younger (65-74) men were more likely to have a past positive toxicology ( P < .0001). A prescription was initiated in 8,591 encounters, and 946 (9.0%) triggered an alert. In 58 cases, the alert resulted in a prescription modification, and in 80 the prescription was canceled. Conclusions Documented risk for opioid misuse in the elderly was 10% among patients presenting to the ED/UC after a fall. The dangers associated with opioid/benzodiazepine use increase with age as does fall risk. Awareness of risk factors is an important first step; more work is needed to address potentially hazardous prescriptions in this population.