bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
YouTube and TikTok as Platforms for Learning about Others: The Case of Non-Chinese Travel Videos in Shanghai Disneyland
Authors: Soto-Vásquez Arthur D. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Purpose
Due to existing Disney fandom and the increased popularity of online travel documentation, there is an opportunity to study brand internationalization, online video culture, and fandom. There are questions of whether video based social media allows for more humane representations of cultural others and to what extent the topic of content shapes representation.

Methodology
In this study, an inductive qualitative method is applied to top YouTube travel videos and TikToks to analyze how non-Chinese visitors to Shanghai Disneyland represent their experience and mediate cultural difference.

Findings
Videos often exhibit the technologically advanced attractions of the park, inspiring awe and envy in comments. A minority of videos discuss the behavior of Chinese guests and mark them as non-normative and different from expected Disney guest behavior. However, there are differences in representation on YouTube and TikTok from sub-genres, comments, gazes, and closeness to brand.

Practical implications
Brands entering the Chinese market must also be aware of how their accommodations appear to loyal non-Chinese online fandoms. This study shows how reoccurring tropes of travel writing influence online travel media, which also shapes perceptions of China, and is reinforced by platform incentives for controversy and sampling diverse cultures.

Social implications
Technological awe and critiques of guest behavior are structured by Disney fan culture, which includes a possessive protectiveness over the brand due to its close association with identity. These elements play out slightly differently on the platforms of YouTube and TikTok. Top YouTube videos tend to feature outward-focusing gazes, whether they are disembodied ride-throughs or cultural “education.” Top TikToks turn the gaze inward and focus on experience.

Value
This study contrasts use of two major platforms, YouTube and TikTok, to examine mediation of Shanghai Disneyland. Studies contrasting platform use of the same topic are rare, as is the area of focus. This study shows the usefulness of comparing platforms on the same topic.
Auditory Cortex Neurons Show Task-Related and Learning-Dependent Selectivity toward Sensory Input and Reward during the Learning Process of an Associative Memory Task
Authors: Takamiya Shogo , Shiotani Kazuki , Ohnuki Tomoya , Osako Yuma , Tanisumi Yuta , Yuki Shoko , Manabe Hiroyuki , Hirokawa Junya , Sakurai Yoshio 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe activity of primary auditory cortex (A1) neurons is modulated not only by sensory inputs but also by other task-related variables in associative learning. However, it is unclear how A1 neural activity changes dynamically in response to these variables during the learning process of associative memory tasks. Therefore, we developed an associative memory task using auditory stimuli in rats. In this task, rats were required to associate tone frequencies (high and low) with a choice of ports (right or left) to obtain a reward. The activity of A1 neurons in the rats during the learning process of the task was recorded. A1 neurons increased their firing rates either when the rats were presented with a high or low tone (frequency-selective cells) before they chose either the left or right port (choice-direction cells), or when they received a reward after choosing either the left or right port (reward-direction cells). Furthermore, the proportion of frequency-selective cells and reward-direction cells increased with task acquisition and reached the maximum level in the last stage of learning. These results suggest that A1 neurons have task- and learning-dependent selectivity toward sensory input and reward when auditory tones and behavioral responses are gradually associated during task training. This selective activity of A1 neurons may facilitate the formation of associations, leading to the consolidation of associative memory.
Learning from the Physical Consequences of Our Actions Improves Motor Memory
Authors: Bakkum Amanda , Marigold Daniel S. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractActions have consequences. Motor learning involves correcting actions that lead to movement errors and remembering these actions for future behavior. In most laboratory situations, movement errors have no physical consequences and simply indicate the progress of learning. Here, we asked how experiencing a physical consequence when making a movement error affects motor learning. Two groups of participants adapted to a new, prism-induced mapping between visual input and motor output while performing a precision walking task. Importantly, one group experienced an unexpected slip perturbation when making foot-placement errors during adaptation. Because of our innate drive for safety, and the fact that balance is fundamental to movement, we hypothesized that this experience would enhance motor memory. Learning generalized to different walking tasks to a greater extent in the group who experienced the adverse physical consequence. This group also showed faster relearning one week later despite exposure to a competing mapping during initial learning, evidence of greater memory consolidation. The group differences in generalization and consolidation occurred although they both experienced similar magnitude foot-placement errors and adapted at similar rates. Our results suggest the brain considers the potential physical consequences of movement error when learning and that balance-threatening consequences serve to enhance this process.
Multitask fMRI Data Classification via Group-Wise Hybrid Temporal and Spatial Sparse Representations
Authors: Song Limei , Ren Yudan , Hou Yuqing , He Xiaowei , Liu Huan 
Published: May 2022

AbstractTask-based functional magnetic resonance imaging (tfMRI) has been widely used to induce functional brain activities corresponding to various cognitive tasks. A relatively under-explored question is whether there exist fundamental differences in fMRI signal composition patterns that can effectively classify the task states of tfMRI data, furthermore, whether there exist key functional components in characterizing the diverse tfMRI signals. Recently, fMRI signal composition patterns of multiple tasks have been investigated via deep learning models, where relatively large populations of fMRI datasets are indispensable and the neurologic meaning of their results is elusive. Thus, the major challenges arise from the high dimensionality, low signal-to-noise ratio, interindividual variability, a small sample size of fMRI data, and the explainability of classification results. To address the above challenges, we proposed a computational framework based on group-wise hybrid temporal and spatial sparse representations (HTSSR) to identify and differentiate multitask fMRI signal composition patterns. Using relatively small cohorts of Human Connectome Project (HCP) tfMRI data as test-bed, the experimental results demonstrated that the multitask of fMRI data can be successfully classified with an average accuracy of 96.67%, where the key components in differentiating the multitask can be characterized, suggesting the effectiveness and explainability of the proposed method. Moreover, both task-related components and resting-state networks (RSNs) can be reliably detected. Therefore, our study proposed a novel framework that identifies the interpretable and discriminative fMRI composition patterns and can be potentially applied for controlling fMRI data quality and inferring biomarkers in brain disorders with small sample neuroimaging datasets.
Functional Gradient of the Fusiform Cortex for Chinese Character Recognition
Authors: Guo Wanwan , Geng Shujie , Cao Miao , Feng Jianfeng 
Published: May 2022

AbstractVisual word recognition has been proposed to have a functional and spatial organization corresponding to hierarchical language-like word forms in the left fusiform gyrus (FG) during visual word recognition in alphabetic languages. However, it is still unclear whether the similar functional gradients of word-like representation exist during Chinese character recognition. In this study, we adopted univariate activation analysis and representational similarity analysis (RSA) methods to investigate the functional organization in the FG for Chinese character recognition using task fMRI data. Native Chinese readers were visually presented with four types of character-like stimuli (i.e., real characters, pseudo-characters, false characters, and stroke combinations). After analysis, we observed a posterior-to-anterior functional gradient in the left FG corresponding to the degree of likeness of stimuli to character. Additionally, distinct subregions of the left FG harbor different orthographic codes. The middle part of the left FG was involved in abstract orthographic processing, while the anterior part of the left FG was involved in lexical orthographic processing (i.e., mapping orthography onto phonology or semantics). Notably, for the right FG, we did not find similar coding pattern for selectivity to character likeness, indicating the asymmetry of the functional hierarchical organization in favor of the left hemisphere. In conclusion, our findings revealed that the left FG presents a posterior-to-anterior gradient functional processing for Chinese character recognition, which expands our understanding of the psychological, neural, and computational theories of word reading.
The Rise and Fall of a Peripheral People? Samaritans and the Discourse of Late Antique Disaster
Authors: Chalmers Matthew J. 
Published: May 2022

This article treats the intersection of a “peripheral people”—specifically Samaritan Israelites—with scholarly narratives of disaster concerning Late Antiquity. A disaster is not so much a one-off event as an ongoing series of collective experiences, patterned and repatterned in the movements of bodies and through shared—if unstable—narrative. This article, leaning into this phenomenological complexity, attends to the shared discourse of disaster as a practice of scholarly fields concerned with the study of Late Antiquity. I highlight a scholarly tendency to rely on disaster and its related tropes as it scripts the history of a group often classified as peripheral: Samaritan Israelites.
In the case of the Samaritans, rich and varied evidence from Late Antiquity is compressed into a dominant portrayal of a group set on a collision course with the Roman Empire. Examining how this compression happens equips us to better identify the powers of historiographical curation, especially with respect to groups perceived as historical (and/or present) minorities, in shaping narratives. In this article, I ask both a historical question—when and whether disaster struck—and a historiographical one—what does it mean for disaster to provide us with a historiographical vocabulary at all, and to which groups do we tend to apply it?
Impact of a Pediatric Night Float on Medical Students’ Education: Clerkship Student Perspectives
Authors: Simek Kelsey , Edwards Michael , Levy Robert , Seltz L. Barry 
Published: May 2022

OBJECTIVES
A night float, in which learners work successive overnight shifts, is increasingly used in undergraduate medical education, yet few studies have examined its impact on students. The study objective was to explore third-year medical students’ perspectives on the impact on learning of a pediatric night float.

METHODS
Informed by situated learning theory, we performed a qualitative study using grounded theory methodology to interview 19 third-year medical students who completed a pediatric night float between June 2019 and April 2021. Four coders analyzed data with the constant comparative method. Codes were built using an iterative approach and organized into themes. Discrepancies were resolved by consensus.

RESULTS
Analysis yielded 4 themes: professional identity formation, learning activities, clinical experiences, and work–life balance. Students described positive and negative educational experiences, which were influenced by how well students integrated into the team. For some students, the night float provided opportunities to admit patients, increase confidence, and build camaraderie, which helped form professional identity. Students felt the night float was key residency preparation. Educational activities included experiential learning, teaching, and receiving feedback. Students admitted more patients and were exposed to a greater diversity of illnesses at night compared with day shifts. Fatigue was common and sending students home before morning handoff impeded their integration into the team.

CONCLUSIONS
Students described varied impact of the night float on their education. A night float experience was felt to be key residency preparation. For students who felt included in the team a night float may promote professional identity formation.
МАТЕМАТИЧНЕ МОДЕЛЮВАННЯ ВЗАЄМОДІЇ СІТЧАСТИХ РОЗДІЛЮВАЧІВ ФАЗ С ГАЗОВИМИ ПУЗИРЯМИ В УМОВАХ ЗМІННОГО ПОЛЯ МАСОВИХ СИЛ
Authors: Давидов С.О. , Давидова А.В. , Склярський І.А. , Чуприна А.А. 
Published: May 2022

Modern multi-purpose spacecraft for several years must perform complex and diverse tasks in outer space. At the same time, it is necessary to turn on jet engines dozens of times in conditions of practical weightlessness. At the time of starting the engine, the liquid fuel is mixed randomly with the boost gas. In this case, it is impossible to guarantee the contact of the drainage hole with the gas phase, and the drain hole with the fuel. To solve this problem, it is proposed to use various, so-called means of ensuring the continuity of fuel (MECF). The effectiveness of monitoring the position of the liquid in the flight conditions of the aircraft in the passive section of the trajectory is determined by the ability of the MECF to ensure the discharge of fuel from the tank without gas inclusions at any required time with a given flow rate and in the required amount with a minimum volume of unselected residues.
The article deals with the features of the functioning of the SOST of the inertial type, which includes mesh phase separators (MPS). The need to use the MPS is due to the possibility of the gas phase entering the drain line, both in the passive section of the trajectory and at the stage of switching on the main engines, which can lead to a disruption of their launch. When fuel moves into the drain line, bubbles remain on the mesh surface and prevent the passage of liquid.
The article builds a mathematical model of the behavior of gas bubbles on the surface of the MPS in the flow of a viscous liquid. On the basis of the constructed mathematical model, the corresponding numerical calculations were carried out. The proposed method of engineering calculation makes it possible to determine such a MECF design that excludes the possibility of "contamination" of the surface of the MPS by gas bubbles and the disruption as a result of this normal functioning of the fuel supply system to the engines of spacecraft.
Projeto de vida enquanto ação evangelizadora no contexto universitário
Authors: Fett João 
Published: May 2022

Este artigo pretende investigar a viabilidade do tratamento do tema projeto de vida enquanto uma ação evangelizadora de natureza pastoral, explorando particularmente o desafio de uma iniciativa nesse modelo no contexto universitário. Inicia-se a reflexão com um exame conceitual, situando as noções de ação evangelizadora e atividade pastoral, bem como a noção de projeto de vida. Em seguida, explora-se o contexto universitário como potencial locus para a concepção do projeto de vida a partir de uma perspectiva pastoral. Segue-se com o exame de uma experiência concreta do tratamento sob análise implantada e desenvolvida na Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, realizada a partir de 2018, a saber, o projeto Quest, voltado à reflexão sobre o sentido da vida. Em seguida, busca-se extrair uma avaliação da experiência com base em resultados mensurados quantitativa e qualitativamente. Por fim, encaminham-se as observações conclusivas e as perspectivas de futuro para o trabalho ora estudado.
Maternagem de filhos com dificuldades graves de desenvolvimento
Authors: Fabris-Zavaglia Marina Miranda , Visintin Carlos Del Negro , Aiello-Vaisberg Tânia Maria José 
Published: May 2022

Considerando que o cuidado infantil é socialmente visto como responsabilidade materna, justifica-se a realização de pesquisas que abordem as maneiras pelas quais se concretiza tal tarefa. A presente investigação objetiva compreender a experiência de mães de filhos que apresentam dificuldades no processo de conquista de independência. Delineia-se por meio da abordagem de mães de crianças autistas, tendo em vista que tal condição representa, de modo emblemático, situações de vida nas quais o cuidado infantil se intensifica e se faz duradouro. O material de pesquisa foi produzido a partir de quatro entrevistas psicológicas individuais, organizadas ao redor do Procedimento de Desenhos-Estórias com Tema. A consideração psicanalítica do material permitiu a produção interpretativa de três campos de sentido afetivo-emocional: “É culpa da mãe”, “Dedicando-se exclusivamente” e “Cuidado espontâneo”. O quadro geral revela que a experiência materna pode tanto se realizar de modo angustiante, quanto fluir como gesto espontâneo de atendimento do filho.
Devolução dos resultados de pesquisa em psicologia para os respectivos participantes
Authors: Hohendorff Jean Von , Patias Naiana Dapieve , Gaspodini Icaro Bonamigo , Bizarro Lisiane 
Published: May 2022

A devolução de resultados para participantes é um dever ético em pesquisa. Objetivou-se identificar as práticas adotadas pelas(os) pesquisadoras(es) brasileiras(os) em psicologia para devolução dos resultados de pesquisa para as(os) respectivas(os) participantes. Realizou-se uma pesquisa online, da qual participaram 68 pesquisadoras(es) brasileiros em psicologia. As(os) participantes tinham entre 32 e 73 anos (M = 49,8; DP = 11,5), 62% eram mulheres, com tempo médio de formação desde o doutorado de 14,3 anos (DP = 9,6). 43% das(os) participantes respondeu que frequentemente realizava alguma prática de devolução, presencial ou coletiva, por meio de cursos de extensão, capacitações e palestras. Praticar a devolução de resultados de pesquisa em psicologia pode motivar a colaboração em pesquisas, além de fazer cumprir um direito dos participantes.
Factor H–Related Protein 1 Drives Disease Susceptibility and Prognosis in C3 Glomerulopathy
Authors: Márquez-Tirado Bárbara , Gutiérrez-Tenorio Josué , Tortajada Agustín , Lucientes Continente Laura , Caravaca-Fontán Fernando , Malik Talat H. , Roldán Montero Raquel , Elías Sandra , Saiz Gonzalez Ana , Fernández-Juarez Gema , Sánchez-Corral Pilar , Pickering Matthew C. , Praga Manuel , Rodríguez de Córdoba Santiago , Goicoechea de Jorge Elena 
Published: May 2022

Significance Statement
Mutations in factor H–related protein 1 (FHR-1) that result in duplication of its dimerization domain associate with the chronic renal disease C3 glomerulopathy (C3G), which is characterized by complement dysregulation. The molecular basis for this association is only partially understood. The authors show that these FHR-1 mutations enhance FHR-1’s binding to C3-activated fragments on opsonized surfaces and promote an excessive complement activation that overcomes FH regulation. They also show that elevated levels of FHR-1 associate with poor renal prognosis for patients with C3G, whereas a genetic deficiency of FHR-1 offers protection against C3G development. These findings advance our understanding of C3G pathogenesis and suggest that inhibition of FHR-1 may have therapeutic potential in C3G.

Background
C3 glomerulopathy (C3G) is a heterogeneous group of chronic renal diseases characterized predominantly by glomerular C3 deposition and complement dysregulation. Mutations in factor H–related (FHR) proteins resulting in duplicated dimerization domains are prototypical of C3G, although the underlying pathogenic mechanism is unclear.

Methods
Using in vitro and in vivo assays, we performed extensive characterization of an FHR-1 mutant with a duplicated dimerization domain. To assess the FHR-1 mutant’s association with disease susceptibility and renal prognosis, we also analyzed CFHR1 copy number variations and FHR-1 plasma levels in two Spanish C3G cohorts and in a control population.

Results
Duplication of the dimerization domain conferred FHR-1 with an increased capacity to interact with C3-opsonized surfaces, which resulted in an excessive activation of the alternative pathway. This activation does not involve C3b binding competition with factor H. These findings support a scenario in which mutant FHR-1 binds to C3-activated fragments and recruits native C3 and C3b; this leads to formation of alternative pathway C3 convertases, which increases deposition of C3b molecules, overcoming FH regulation. This suggests that a balanced FHR-1/FH ratio is crucial to control complement amplification on opsonized surfaces. Consistent with this conceptual framework, we show that the genetic deficiency of FHR-1 or decreased FHR-1 in plasma confers protection against developing C3G and associates with better renal outcome.

Conclusions
Our findings explain how FHR-1 mutants with duplicated dimerization domains result in predisposition to C3G. They also provide a pathogenic mechanism that may be shared by other diseases, such as IgA nephropathy or age-related macular degeneration, and identify FHR-1 as a potential novel therapeutic target in C3G.