bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Respiratory entrainment of units in the mouse parietal cortex depends on vigilance state
Authors: Jung Felix , Yanovsky Yevgenij , Brankačk Jurij , Tort Adriano B. L. , Draguhn Andreas 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSynchronous oscillations are essential for coordinated activity in neuronal networks and, hence, for behavior and cognition. While most network oscillations are generated within the central nervous system, recent evidence shows that rhythmic body processes strongly influence activity patterns throughout the brain. A major factor is respiration (Resp), which entrains multiple brain regions at the mesoscopic (local field potential) and single-cell levels. However, it is largely unknown how such Resp-driven rhythms interact or compete with internal brain oscillations, especially those with similar frequency domains. In mice, Resp and theta (θ) oscillations have overlapping frequencies and co-occur in various brain regions. Here, we investigated the effects of Resp and θ on neuronal discharges in the mouse parietal cortex during four behavioral states which either show prominent θ (REM sleep and active waking (AW)) or lack significant θ (NREM sleep and waking immobility (WI)). We report a pronounced state-dependence of spike modulation by both rhythms. During REM sleep, θ effects on unit discharges dominate, while during AW, Resp has a larger influence, despite the concomitant presence of θ oscillations. In most states, unit modulation by θ or Resp increases with mean firing rate. The preferred timing of Resp-entrained discharges (inspiration versus expiration) varies between states, indicating state-specific and different underlying mechanisms. Our findings show that neurons in an associative cortex area are differentially and state-dependently modulated by two fundamentally different processes: brain-endogenous θ oscillations and rhythmic somatic feedback signals from Resp.
The effects of concurrent bilateral anodal tDCS of primary motor cortex and cerebellum on corticospinal excitability: a randomized, double-blind sham-controlled study
Authors: Behrangrad Shabnam , Zoghi Maryam , Kidgell Dawson , Mansouri Farshad , Jaberzadeh Shapour 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTranscranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) applied to the primary motor cortex (M1), and cerebellum (CB) can change the level of M1 corticospinal excitability (CSE). A randomized double-blinded crossover, the sham-controlled study design was used to investigate the effects of concurrent bilateral anodal tDCS of M1 and CB (concurrent bilateral a-tDCSM1+CB) on the CSE. Twenty-one healthy participants were recruited in this study. Each participant received anodal-tDCS (a-tDCS) of 2 mA, 20 min in four pseudo-randomized, counterbalanced sessions, separated by at least 7 days (7.11 days ± 0.65). These sessions were bilateral M1 stimulation (bilateral a-tDCSM1), bilateral cerebellar stimulation (bilateral a-tDCSCB), concurrent bilateral a-tDCSM1+CB, and sham stimulation (bilateral a-tDCSSham). Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) was delivered over the left M1, and motor evoked potentials (MEPs) of a contralateral hand muscle were recorded before and immediately after the intervention to measure CSE changes. Short-interval intracortical inhibition (SICI), intracortical facilitation (ICF), and long interval intracortical inhibition (LICI) were assessed with paired-pulse TMS protocols. Anodal-tDCS significantly increased CSE after concurrent bilateral a-tDCSM1+CB and bilateral a-tDCSCB. Interestingly, CSE was decreased after bilateral a-tDCSM1. Respective alterations in SICI, LICI, and ICF were seen, including increased SICI and decreased ICF, which indicate the involvement of glutamatergic and GABAergic systems in these effects. These results confirm that the concurrent bilateral a-tDCSM1+CB have a facilitatory effect on CSE, whereas bilateral a-tDCSM1 exert some inhibitory effects. Moreover, the effects of the 2 mA, 20 min a-tDCS on the CB were consistent with its effects on the M1.
Chip platforms with synthetic lipid bilayers for electrophysiological analyses of pore proteins and extracellular vesicles
Authors: van den Driesche Sander , Vellekoop Michael J. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we present microfluidic chip platforms to enable electrophysiological measurements of nanometer-sized extracellular vesicles. The basis of the chip platform is the realization of a synthetic free-standing lipid bilayer spanned within a microfabricated aperture. To allow ion channel current measurements, the background current noise level should be reduced to a minimum. This can be realized by coating microfabricated apertures from silicon, silicon oxide, or silicon nitride with PTFE or Parylene. Three promising chip platform designs are presented. Electrophysiological measurements conducted with these microfluidic systems show gating events of membrane proteins fused into synthetic lipid bilayers.
BluePrint breast cancer molecular subtyping recognizes single and dual subtype tumors with implications for therapeutic guidance
Authors: Kuilman Midas M. , Ellappalayam Architha , Barcaru Andrei , Haan Josien C. , Bhaskaran Rajith , Wehkamp Diederik , Menicucci Andrea R. , Audeh William M. , Mittempergher Lorenza , Glas Annuska M. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose
BluePrint (BP) is an 80-gene molecular subtyping test that classifies early-stage breast cancer (EBC) into Basal, Luminal, and HER2 subtypes. In most cases, breast tumors have one dominant subtype, representative of a single activated pathway. However, some tumors show a statistically equal representation of more than one subtype, referred to as dual subtype. This study aims to identify and examine dual subtype tumors by BP to understand their biology and possible implications for treatment guidance.

Methods
The BP scores of over 15,000 tumor samples from EBC patients were analyzed, and the differences between the highest and the lowest scoring subtypes were calculated. Based upon the distribution of the differences between BP scores, a threshold was determined for each subtype to identify dual versus single subtypes.

Results
Approximately 97% of samples had one single activated BluePrint molecular subtype, whereas ~ 3% of samples were classified as BP dual subtype. The most frequently occurring dual subtypes were the Luminal-Basal-type and Luminal-HER2-type. Luminal-Basal-type displays a distinct biology from the Luminal single type and Basal single type. Burstein’s classification of the single and dual Basal samples showed that the Luminal-Basal-type is mostly classified as ‘luminal androgen receptor’ and ‘mesenchymal’ subtypes, supporting molecular evidence of AR activation in the Luminal-Basal-type tumors. Tumors classified as Luminal-HER2-type resemble features of both Luminal-single-type and HER2-single-type. However, patients with dual Luminal-HER2-type have a lower pathological complete response after receiving HER2-targeted therapies in addition to chemotherapy in comparison with patients with a HER2-single-type.

Conclusion
This study demonstrates that BP identifies tumors with two active functional pathways (dual subtype) with specific transcriptional characteristics and highlights the added value of distinguishing BP dual from single subtypes as evidenced by distinct treatment response rates.
Citizen scientist monitoring accurately reveals nutrient pollution dynamics in Lake Tanganyika coastal waters
Authors: Moshi Happiness A. , Kimirei Ismael , Shilla Daniel , O’Reilly Catherine , Wehrli Bernhard , Ehrenfels Benedikt , Loiselle Steven 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSeveral studies in Lake Tanganyika have effectively employed traditional methods to explore changes in water quality in open waters; however, coastal monitoring has been restricted and sporadic, relying on costly sample and analytical methods that require skilled technical staff. This study aims in validating citizen science water quality collected data (nitrate, phosphate and turbidity) with those collected and measured by professional scientists in the laboratory. A second objective of the study is to use citizen scientist data to identify the patterns of seasonal and spatial variations in nutrient conditions and forecast potential changes based on expected changes in population and climate (to 2050). The results showed that the concentrations of nitrate and phosphate measured by citizen scientists nearly matched those established by professional scientists, with overall accuracy of 91% and 74%, respectively. For total suspended solids measured by professional and turbidity measured by citizen scientists, results show that, using 14 NTU as a cut-off, citizen scientist measurements of Secchi tube depth to identify lake TSS below 7.0 mg/L showed an accuracy of 88%. In both laboratory and citizen scientist-based studies, all measured water quality variables were significantly higher during the wet season compared to the dry season. Climate factors were discovered to have a major impact on the likelihood of exceeding water quality restrictions in the next decades (2050), which could deteriorate lake conditions. Upscaling citizen science to more communities on the lake and other African Great Lakes would raise environmental awareness, inform management and mitigation activities, and aid long-term decision-making.
Sequencing and routing in a large warehouse with high degree of product rotation
Authors: Lanza Giacomo , Passacantando Mauro , Scutellà Maria Grazia 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe paper deals with a sequencing and routing problem originated by a real-world application context. The problem consists in defining the best sequence of locations to visit within a warehouse for the storage and/or retrieval of a given set of items during a specified time horizon, where the storage/retrieval location of an item is given. Picking and put-away of items are simultaneously addressed, by also considering some specific requirements given by the layout design and operating policies which are typical in the kind of warehouses under study. Specifically, the considered sequencing policy prescribes that storage locations must be replenished or emptied one at a time by following a specified order of precedence. Moreover, two fleet of vehicles are used to perform retrieving and storing operations, whose routing is restricted to disjoint areas of the warehouse. We model the problem as a constrained multicommodity flow problem on a space-time network, and we propose two Mixed-Integer Linear Programming formulations, whose primary goal is to minimize the time traveled by the vehicles during the time horizon. Since large-size realistic instances are hardly solvable within the time limit commonly imposed in the considered application context, a matheuristic approach based on a time horizon decomposition is proposed. Finally, we provide an extensive experimental analysis aiming at identifying suitable parameter settings for the proposed approach, and testing the matheuristic on particularly hard realistic scenarios. The computational experiments show the efficacy and the efficiency of the proposed approach.
Vitalism, Holism, and Metaphorical Dynamics of Hans Spemann’s “Organizer” in the Interwar Period
Authors: Brandt Christina 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis paper aims to provide a fresh historical perspective on the debates on vitalism and holism in Germany by analyzing the work of the zoologist Hans Spemann (1869–1941) in the interwar period. Following up previous historical studies, it takes the controversial question about Spemann’s affinity to vitalistic approaches as a starting point. The focus is on Spemann’s holistic research style, and on the shifting meanings of Spemann’s concept of anorganizer. It is argued that theorganizerconcept unfolded multiple layers of meanings (biological, philosophical, and popular) during the 1920s and early 1930s. A detailed analysis of the metaphorical dynamics in Spemann’s writings sheds light on the subtle vitalistic connotations of his experimental work. How Spemann’s work was received by contemporary scientists and philosophers is analyzed briefly, and Spemann’s holism is explored in the broader historical context of the various issues about reductionism and holism and related methodological questions that were so prominently discussed not only in Germany in the 1920s.
ALT (allogeneic limbal transplantation): a new surgical technique for limbal stem cell deficiency
Authors: Viestenz Anja , Kesper Christiane , Hammer Thomas , Heinzelmann Joana , Foja Sabine , Viestenz Arne 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD) is a rare but extremely relevant disease of the eye. LSCD patients often require a variety of surgical procedures, including keratoplasty in some cases. However, the outcome of these surgeries, including opacification and revascularization, is often frustrating due to LSCD relapse.

Methods
We developed a new surgical technique for the treatment of LSCD in which partial allogenic limbal transplantation (ALT) is carried out as part of penetrating keratoplasty (PK). After the PK, 1–8 slices from the limbal tissue of the donor graft are prepared and placed under the double running sutures attaching the corneal graft. This procedure was performed on 14 patients with LSCD, caused by severe ocular burn in 5 cases and by infection in 9. Between one and eight limbal transplants were used depending on the extension of the LSCD.

Results
All 14 patients showed stable or increased visual acuity after the ALT surgery compared to their preoperative visual acuity. All of the grafts were integrated into the superficial corneal layers without progression of corneal vascularization beyond the limbal grafts. The median follow-up period was 12 months on average.

Conclusion
The ALT method seems to be a promising surgical procedure for the treatment of patients with LSCD. It can be properly carried out in the context of keratoplasty and does not require a separate donor tissue. The ALT grafts may offer the possibility of constructing a new limbal region, resulting in stable or even increased visual acuity and the absence of corneal vascularization.
Cross-Cultural Comparison of the Contexts Associated with Emotional Outbursts
Authors: Chung Justin Cheuk Yin , Lowenthal Rosane , Mevorach Carmel , Paula Cristiane Silvestre , Teixeira Maria Cristina Triguero Veloz , Woodcock Kate Anne 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe causal relationship between emotional outbursts and emotion dysregulation is proposed to be heterogeneous, but cultural influences have not been considered despite established cultural differences in emotional processes (e.g., increased motivation to suppress emotions in interdependent cultures). Responses to the Brazilian Portuguese version of the Emotional Outburst Questionnaire were collected from 327 caregivers of young people (6–25 years) with autism spectrum disorder, Down’s syndrome, or intellectual disability. Responses were compared to a previous sample of 268 responses from the English version of the questionnaire. The latent factor structure of the contextual items was measurement invariant across both versions. The Brazilian responses were classified into three distinct clusters (Sensory Sensitivity; Perceived Safety; Perceived Unsafety) which considerably overlapped with the English clusters.
Solar Energetic-Particle Ground-Level Enhancements and the Solar Cycle
Authors: Owens Mathew J. , Barnard Luke A. , Pope Benjamin J. S. , Lockwood Mike , Usoskin Ilya , Asvestari Eleanna 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSevere geomagnetic storms appear to be ordered by the solar cycle in a number of ways. They occur more frequently close to solar maximum and the declining phase, are more common in larger solar cycles, and show different patterns of occurrence in odd- and even-numbered solar cycles. Our knowledge of the most extreme space-weather events, however, comes from spikes in cosmogenic-isotope (14C, 10Be, and 36Cl) records that are attributed to significantly larger solar energetic-particle (SEP) events than have been observed during the space age. Despite both storms and SEPs being driven by solar-eruptive phenomena, the event-by-event correspondence between extreme storms and extreme SEPs is low. Thus, it should not be assumed a priori that the solar-cycle patterns found for storms also hold for SEPs and the cosmogenic-isotope events. In this study, we investigate the solar-cycle trends in the timing and magnitude of the 67 SEP ground-level enhancements (GLEs) recorded by neutron monitors since the mid-1950s. Using a number of models of GLE-occurrence probability, we show that GLEs are around a factor of four more likely around solar maximum than around solar minimum, and that they preferentially occur earlier in even-numbered solar cycles than in odd-numbered cycles. There are insufficient data to conclusively determine whether larger solar cycles produce more GLEs. Implications for putative space-weather events in the cosmogenic-isotope records are discussed. We find that GLEs tend to cluster within a few tens of days, likely due to particularly productive individual active regions, and with approximately 11-year separations, owing to the solar-cycle ordering. However, these timescales would not explain any cosmogenic-isotope spikes requiring multiple extreme SEP events over consecutive years.
On Processing Potato. 4. Survey of the Nutritional and Sensory Value of Products and Dishes
Authors: Haverkort A. J. , Linnemann A. R. , Struik P. C. , Wiskerke J. S. C. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWorldwide, hundreds of potato dishes exist, originally composed by cooks in traditional kitchens. Gradually cooks more and more applied processed products as ingredients to save time and to widen their range of dishes. The products are classified according to their features, ranging from thickeners in soups to ready-to-eat snacks. Besides cooks, also the food industry makes ample use of (modified) potato starches, flakes, flour and granulates. Before users prepare meals from purchased ingredients, they only have had visual perceptions of the products as displayed on shelves and in freezers of shops and presentations at the internet. The organoleptic properties, taste, smell and structure of tubers and products are perceived in the kitchen only. Sensory appreciation, likewise, is a function of the types of ingredients in dipping and batter during processing and their role to improve products and flavouring. The nutritional value of tubers, other staples and potato products and dishes is analysed and their enhancement and losses in the production of the raw material and processing are discussed. This paper reviews existing dishes worldwide and how the processing industry derived thereof products for kitchens and the food industry. The nutritive value of tubers and their products is explored. In general, the density of nutritive components of the products is correlated with their water content that decreases from blanched or baked, to fried French fries, chips and the flour. Starch, minerals, some vitamins and antioxidants become less diluted and appear in higher concentrations in products than in the raw material they are derived from. The energy content increases more than proportional in fried products because of adhering oil that per unit weight almost has more than double the energy content of starch. Additives such as sodium acid pyrophosphate (SAPP), batter and dextrin improve the flesh colour of French fries, their crispiness, and staying hot time, and give the golden hue. Flavouring creates a wide range of tastes of French fries and chips. Blanched and chilled products either mixed with vegetables or not are often supplied with sachets of seasoning to be spread on the product while preparing a dish in the kitchen as the seasoning effect would partly disappear when mixed with the chilled product. Different consumer desires from, among others, health and environment perspectives are articulated and it is assessed how easy or difficult it is for processors to manufacture suitable products. The paper concludes with future perspectives of consumers among other aspects regarding health and convenience and how the industry reacts with innovations.
Efficient Visual Recognition: A Survey on Recent Advances and Brain-inspired Methodologies
Authors: Wu Yang , Wang Ding-Heng , Lu Xiao-Tong , Yang Fan , Yao Man , Dong Wei-Sheng , Shi Jian-Bo , Li Guo-Qi 
Published: August 2022

AbstractVisual recognition is currently one of the most important and active research areas in computer vision, pattern recognition, and even the general field of artificial intelligence. It has great fundamental importance and strong industrial needs, particularly the modern deep neural networks (DNNs) and some brain-inspired methodologies, have largely boosted the recognition performance on many concrete tasks, with the help of large amounts of training data and new powerful computation resources. Although recognition accuracy is usually the first concern for new progresses, efficiency is actually rather important and sometimes critical for both academic research and industrial applications. Moreover, insightful views on the opportunities and challenges of efficiency are also highly required for the entire community. While general surveys on the efficiency issue have been done from various perspectives, as far as we are aware, scarcely any of them focused on visual recognition systematically, and thus it is unclear which progresses are applicable to it and what else should be concerned. In this survey, we present the review of recent advances with our suggestions on the new possible directions towards improving the efficiency of DNN-related and brain-inspired visual recognition approaches, including efficient network compression and dynamic brain-inspired networks. We investigate not only from the model but also from the data point of view (which is not the case in existing surveys) and focus on four typical data types (images, video, points, and events). This survey attempts to provide a systematic summary via a comprehensive survey that can serve as a valuable reference and inspire both researchers and practitioners working on visual recognition problems.
Whole-Brain Connectome of GABAergic Neurons in the Mouse Zona Incerta
Authors: Yang Yang , Jiang Tao , Jia Xueyan , Yuan Jing , Li Xiangning , Gong Hui 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe zona incerta (ZI) is involved in various functions and may serve as an integrative node of the circuits for global behavioral modulation. However, the long-range connectivity of different sectors in the mouse ZI has not been comprehensively mapped. Here, we obtained whole-brain images of the input and output connections via fluorescence micro-optical sectioning tomography and viral tracing. The principal regions in the input-output circuits of ZI GABAergic neurons were topologically organized. The 3D distribution of cortical inputs showed rostro-caudal correspondence with different ZI sectors, while the projection fibers from ZI sectors were longitudinally organized in the superior colliculus. Clustering results show that the medial and lateral ZI are two different major functional compartments, and they can be further divided into more subdomains based on projection and input connectivity. This study provides a comprehensive anatomical foundation for understanding how the ZI is involved in integrating different information, conveying motivational states, and modulating global behaviors.