bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of the Aeolus Level‐2B horizontal line‐of‐sight winds in the Environment and Climate Change Canada global forecast system
Authors: Laroche Stéphane , St‐James Judy 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe European Space Agency Aeolus mission was launched in August 2018. This satellite carries the first Doppler lidar able to provide global measurements of wind profiles. Aeolus Level‐2B products have been generated and monitored by the European Centre for Medium‐Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) in near real‐time since a few weeks after the launch. These products include the horizontal line‐of‐sight (HLOS) winds that are suitable for data assimilation in numerical weather prediction systems. This article presents a series of observing system experiments conducted over summer 2019 to assess the value of the Level‐2B HLOS winds and their impact on the Environment and Climate Change Canada global forecasts. The impact of atmospheric motion vectors (AMVs) on forecasts is also examined and compared with the impact of HLOS winds. Two datasets are used: the HLOS winds produced in near real‐time at ECMWF and those reprocessed later in fall 2020. It is found that the near real‐time data are significantly biased and should be corrected. A look‐up table bias correction based on observation minus background departures is applied to this dataset as initially proposed by ECMWF. The reprocessed data are of better quality and bias corrected using the telescope's primary mirror temperature variations as predictor. The impacts of the near real‐time and reprocessed HLOS winds on forecasts are generally positive for both temperature and wind. The impacts are largest in the troposphere over the Tropics and polar regions. The positive impacts on forecasts are larger with the reprocessed data, particularly in the stratosphere, where a significant degradation over the Southern Hemisphere is found from assimilating the near real‐time data. The normalized forecast error reductions at days 1 and 2 for the wind are ∼1.25% over the Tropics and Southern Hemisphere. The positive impact of the HLOS winds on forecasts is enhanced by ∼40% when the AMVs are not assimilated in the control experiment. The forecast error reduction from assimilating AMVs is, however, two times larger than from assimilating HLOS winds in the extratropics. Conversely, the impact of HLOS winds on forecasts is generally larger in the Tropics.
An Unusual Growth in the Nail Matrix: A Case of Superficial Acral Fibromyxoma
Authors: Ho Genevieve , Kurek Caroline , Stewart David , Martin Linda K. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
We describe a case of superficial acral fibromyxoma arising within the germinal matrix of the index finger. This is an uncommon localisation of this relatively newly described benign soft tissue tumour. Herein, we discuss the varied clinical presentation, distinguishing histopathological features and important differential diagnoses for this condition.
Synthesis and Reactivity of Copper and Copper Containing Magnetically Separable Catalysts
Authors: Kundu Mousumi , Mondal Bibhas , Das Debjit , Roy Ujjal Kanti 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis review endeavours to summarize the emergence of magnetically separable catalysts as a new class of catalyst for the modern developments in the synthesis and reactivity of the nano‐sized magnetically separable copper and copper containing nanomaterials exploited as potent applicant in the field of material science not only for their widespread technological applications but also to realize the fundamentals of nano‐magnetism. This review covers extensively different catalytic reactivity for carbon‐carbon and carbon‐heteroatom bond formation reactions and emphasized on recent developments in the field.
A Greener Approach to Oxazolidinone Synthesis Using a Ternary Deep Eutectic Solvent
Authors: Ahmadi Faezeh , Nejad Masoumeh Jadidi , Shariatipour Monire , Heydari Akbar 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBy employing a ternary and environmentally benign deep eutectic solvent comprising choline chloride, glycerol, and aluminum chloride hexahydrate(ChCl/Glycerol/AlCl3.6H2O) as the catalyst and reaction media, three component reaction of epoxides, amines and dimethyl carbonate has been accomplished, which allows for the efficient construction of various 3,5‐disubstituted oxazolidinones, important scaffolds in small molecule drug discovery. Simple reaction conditions and the use of green and sustainable materials and reagents make this a straightforward and practical methodology for obtaining various oxazolidinones.
A Novel Strategy to Enhance Acid Strength of Zeolites by Incorporating Ge into Zeolite Framework
Authors: Kokuryo Shinya , Jabri Hasna Al , Miyake Koji , Uchida Yoshiaki , Tanaka Shunsuke , Miyamoto Manabu , Oumi Yasunori , Nishiyama Norikazu 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn the long history of zeolite research, further enhancement of their acid strength has looked difficult. In this study, we achieved the enhancement by incorporating Ge into the zeolite framework. We synthesised the zeolites by a dry gel conversion method and characterised them in terms of morphology, crystal structure, and composition. We determined the acid strength of these zeolites by calculating the change in the enthalpy of desorption in the temperature‐programmed desorption of ammonia and confirmed that the acid strength of the zeolites with Ge was higher than that of a conventional zeolite. This enhancement of acid strength probably originated from the unprecedented interactions between Al and Ge, unlike the conventional interactions between Al and Si. The enhanced acid strength led to high efficiency of ethanol‐to‐propylene reactions, affording higher yield of propylene than that obtained using conventional zeolites.
Regioselectivity of [3+2] Cycloadditions of Heteroaryl Azides and Ethyl‐Vinyl Ether
Authors: D'Auria Maurizio , Racioppi Rocco , Viggiani Licia 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe reaction of ethyl vinyl ether with some heteroaryl azides in the presence of MnSO4 affords some unexpected products. In the case of 2‐azido‐1,3‐thiazole an imidate is formed, while 2‐azidobenzothiophene gives an unprecedented 3,3a‐dihydro‐2H‐8‐thia‐1‐aza‐cyclopenta[a]indene system, with loss of the aromaticity of the benzotiophene ring. DFT calculations are performed to justify these structures. Selenophene ‐derived acyl azides on the contrary, afford in two cases N‐heteroaryl carbamates, probably due to the reaction of an intermediate isocyanate and cleavage of the ether linkage.
A phylogenetic survey of the ascomycete genus Arthrorhaphis (Arthrorhaphidaceae, Lecanoromycetes) including new species in Arthrorhaphis citrinella sensu lato
Authors: Frisch Andreas , Ohmura Yoshihito , Holien Håkon , Bendiksby Mika 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe genus Arthrorhaphis is a group of ascomycetes comprising lichenised and non‐lichenised taxa from temperate to arctic‐alpine regions in both hemispheres. Nine species and two infraspecific taxa are currently recognised. Their delimitation, inter‐relationships, and phylogenetic placement remain poorly understood. We have used an integrative taxonomic approach to assess taxon limits, phylogenetic placement of the family, and to test the hypothesis that transition to lichenisation has happened only once. We present a first molecular phylogenetic hypothesis of all but one known Arthrorhaphis species based on Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood analyses of multilocus DNA sequence data. Our results support monophyly of Arthrorhaphis, phylogenetic placement in the Ostropomycetidae, and lichenisation having evolved from lichenicolous ancestors only once. The lichenicolous Arthrorhaphis species are well‐defined both morphologically and genetically. The lichenised A. alpina s.l. and A. citrinella s.l., however, include multiple genetic clades that are partly supported by phenotypic data. We split A. citrinella s.l. into the following five species: (1) A. bullata sp. nov., (2) A. catolechioides comb. & stat. nov., (3) A. citrinella, (4) A. farinosa sp. nov., and (5) A. vulgaris comb. & stat. nov. A sixth phylogenetic clade from the Neotropics remains undescribed herein due to insufficient data. Five circumarctic accessions of A. alpina s.l. form a genetically distinct but morphologically poorly understood clade sister to the alpina‐vacillans clade, which we preliminarily name “A. septentrionalis”. Jointly, our multispecies coalescence analyses, of both single‐locus (bGMYC) and multilocus (bPtP, bP&P) datasets, largely support our proposed species hypotheses in Arthrorhaphis.
Rational Development of Bacterial Ureases Inhibitors
Authors: Loharch Saurabh , Berlicki Łukasz 
Published: May 2022

AbstractUrease, an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of urea, is a virulence factor of various pathogenic bacteria. In particular, Helicobacter pylori, that colonizes the digestive tract and Proteus spp., that can infect the urinary tract, are related to urease activity. Therefore, urease inhibitors are considered as potential therapeutics against these infections. This review describes current knowledge of the structures, activity, and biological importance of bacterial ureases. Moreover, the structure‐based design of several classes of bacterial urease inhibitors is presented and discussed. Phosphinic and phosphonic acids were applied as transition‐state analogues, while Michael acceptors and ebselen derivatives were applied as covalent binders of cysteine residue. This review incorporates bacterial urease inhibitors from literature published between 2008 and 2021.
Head and neck cancer readmission reduction (HANCARRE) project: Reducing 30‐day readmissions
Authors: Yang Sara , Adams William , Bier‐Laning Carol 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectiveUnplanned 30‐day readmissions result in increased costs and decreased patient satisfaction. The objective of this study was to compare readmission rates before and after a multidisciplinary quality improvement initiative that focuses on patient and staff education, use of targeted skilled nursing facilities, and appropriate use of patient observation status.MethodsThis was a quality improvement study of all unplanned admissions to the Head and Neck Oncology service at a tertiary care facility during a 3‐year period between October 2015 and September 2018. In October 2016, when the Head and Neck Oncology service revised its discharge practices for patients undergoing extirpative and/or reconstructive surgery. These changes included enhancing patient education, increasing the use of a skilled nursing facility with directed staff education and patient handoffs by advanced practice nurses, and appropriate utilization of 23‐h observation status for returning patients. The readmission rate from the pre‐intervention era (October 2015 through September 2016) was compared to the readmission rate from the post‐intervention era (October 2016 through September 2018). Secondary outcomes were the rates of 23‐h observation within 30 days of the discharge as well as emergency room visits within 30 days of discharge.ResultsIn this sample of 449 patients, 161 (35.9%) were observed before the change‐in‐practice (before October 2016), and 288 (64.1%) were observed following the change‐in‐practice (after September 2016). On univariable analysis, the risk of readmission declined by approximately 41.4% from the pre‐intervention era, though this conclusion was not statistically significant (P = 0.06). On multivariable analysis, patients at moderate or high risk of death were 2.31 times more likely than those at minor risk of death to readmit within 30 days (P = 0.03). Similarly, those with recurrent or persistent cancer were 3.33 times more likely than those undergoing initial curative surgical management of cancer to readmit within 30 days (P = 0.001). No patient characteristics were associated with a 23‐h observation following discharge (all P > 0.05). Conclusions were similar for emergency room visits following discharge.ConclusionsA three‐part quality improvement strategy resulted in a clinically important decrease in 30‐day readmissions, though the decline was not statistically significant. There were no significant changes in 23‐h observation within 30 days of discharge or emergency room visits within 30 days of discharge.
Mimetic Challenges of Learning to Be a Democratic Citizen
Authors: Huhtala Hanna-Maija 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe concept of mimesis can be utilized in educational theorizations of democratic citizenship and in fleshing out learning paths related to citizenship. It offers the possibility to examine citizenship from the viewpoint of an informal way of learning that is, at times, unconscious, and even accidental, and which can lead to unwanted outcomes. Such characteristics of learning are inescapable for human beings and, thus, hold crucial importance for education for democratic citizenship. Drawing on the theory of mimesis, the chapter argues for the importance of acknowledging the mimetic power of emotions. It employs particularly Theodor W. Adorno and Max Horkheimer’s account of mimesis in which mimesis is both a possibility and a threat. However, according to them, the modern individual has a strong tendency toward unfavourable mimesis due to an unbalanced human-nature relationship. The overall purpose is to examine how the notion of mimesis can contribute to education for democracy.
The mass spectrum and wave functions of the Bc system
Authors: Wang Guo-Li , Wang Tianghong , Li Qiang , Chang Chao-Hsi 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The spectrum and relativistic wave functions of Bc system are investigated via solving the complete Salpeter equation. Emphases are put on the study of the partial waves of each JP state. Our study shows that there are three categories of JP states. The first category contains 0− and 0+ states, which are 1S0 dominant state with a small amount of P wave and 3P0 dominant state with a small amount of S wave, respectively. The second category includes the natural parity states, such as 1−, 2+, 3−, etc. Taking the 1− state as an example, we study it in two cases. One is the 3S1 dominant state with a small amount of P and D waves, and the other is the 3D1 dominant state but contains a large amount of S and P wave components. The third category includes the unnatural parity states, such as 1+, 2−, 3+, etc. For the 1+ spectrum, the states are grouped into pairs with different radial quantum numbers. Each pair contains two 1P1−3P1 mixing states, and the corresponding mixing angles are calculated by using the relativistic wave functions.
RIP140 inhibits glycolysis-dependent proliferation of breast cancer cells by regulating GLUT3 expression through transcriptional crosstalk between hypoxia induced factor and p53
Authors: Jacquier Valentin , Gitenay Delphine , Fritsch Samuel , Bonnet Sandrine , Győrffy Balázs , Jalaguier Stéphan , Linares Laetitia K. , Cavaillès Vincent , Teyssier Catherine 
Published: May 2022

AbstractGlycolysis is essential to support cancer cell proliferation, even in the presence of oxygen. The transcriptional co-regulator RIP140 represses the activity of transcription factors that drive cell proliferation and metabolism and plays a role in mammary tumorigenesis. Here we use cell proliferation and metabolic assays to demonstrate that RIP140-deficiency causes a glycolysis-dependent increase in breast tumor growth. We further demonstrate that RIP140 reduces the transcription of the glucose transporter GLUT3 gene, by inhibiting the transcriptional activity of hypoxia inducible factor HIF-2α in cooperation with p53. Interestingly, RIP140 expression was significantly associated with good prognosis only for breast cancer patients with tumors expressing low GLUT3, low HIF-2α and high p53, thus confirming the mechanism of RIP140 anti-tumor activity provided by our experimental data. Overall, our work establishes RIP140 as a critical modulator of the p53/HIF cross-talk to inhibit breast cancer cell glycolysis and proliferation.
Process-related characteristic–based topography evaluation of wear conditions on grinding wheels
Authors: Strug Maikel , Denkena Berend , Breidenstein Bernd , Krödel-Worbes Alexander 
Published: May 2022

AbstractNon-productive auxiliary processes affect the single part and small badge production of milling tools. The key production process grinding is inevitably linked to the auxiliary conditioning process. The time demand of those process steps decreases the overall productivity of the manufacturing process. However, today the machine operator decides on conditioning cycles individually by the use of experience. Until today, there is no objective data based approach available that supports the initiation of these conditioning processes or the adaption of the grinding process itself in order to improve its process efficiency. For this purpose, a process-related topography evaluation method of the grinding wheel surface is developed within this study. For the measurement, an optical method based on laser triangulation is used. The measurement system is implemented into a common tool grinding machine tool. In addition, characteristic topography values are defined that show the wear conditions of the grinding tool. Moreover, the data is summarized in a database of wear conditions. The developed measurement method can save grinding and dressing tool resources, process times and minimizes scrap parts. In addition, an adaptation of the process and a targeted launch of auxiliary processes can be enabled. The novel characteristic-based topography measurement creates the opportunity to enhance the tool life of the grinding wheels up to 30% without losing productivity.
Impact of instrumental settings in electrospray ionization ion trap mass spectrometry on the analysis of O-methoxyethyl-O-methyl cellulose: a comprehensive quantitative evaluation
Authors: Schleicher Sarah , Horoba Dominik , Krafzig Philip , Mischnick Petra 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe hydroxyethyl substitution along and among the polymer chains of respective cellulose ethers (HEC and HEMC) can be analyzed by ESI-IT-MS after permethylation of the free OH-groups, partial hydrolysis, and mABA labeling. This method requires the correct quantification of the molar ratios of the constituents belonging to a particular degree of polymerization (DP) with respect to their numbers of MeOEt and Me groups without any discrimination along the MS analysis pathway. The influence of the chemistry on the ionization and the impact of the voltages controlling the ion transport (Cap Exit, Octopoles) and the ion storage efficiency (Trap Drive, TD) on a relative quantification were studied using binary equimolar mixtures of cellobiose with increasing number of methoxyethyl and decreasing number of methyl groups (Δ m/z 88, 2× MeOEt). No suppression effects were observed in concentration-dependent measurements. Choice of Cap Exit is especially crucial for low m/z with less MeOEt residues. An equation describing the relationship between Oct 2 DC, m/z, and TDmax (TD at maximum intensity) was established from the experimental data and applied to calculate TDmax for higher DPs (larger COS). Optimized conditions allowed to determine the correct molar ratio of binary mixtures. Measurements of overlapping m/z segments and subsequent interrelation of the data gave complete substitution profiles for MeOEt/Me celluloses in accordance with reference data. The study generally makes aware of potential erroneous quantification in ESI-IT-MS analysis using internal standards of similar chemistry or in relative quantification of analytes, even for those with related structures.
Graphical abstract
Translating PUFA omega 6:3 ratios from wild to captive hibernators (Urocitellus parryii) enhances sex-dependent mass-gain without increasing physiological stress indicators
Authors: Mikes Monica , Rice Sarah A. , Bibus Doug , Kitaysky Alexander , Drew Kelly L. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractOmega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are well-documented for their influence on health and weight loss. Recent studies indicate omega 3 PUFAs may exert a negative impact on cellular stress and physiology in some hibernators. We asked if physiological stress indicators, lipid peroxidation and mass gain in Arctic Ground Squirrels (AGS) were negatively influenced by naturally occurring dietary omega 3 PUFA levels compared to omega 3 PUFA levels found in common laboratory diets. We found plasma fatty acid profiles of free-ranging AGS to be high in omega 3 PUFAs with balanced omega 6:3 ratios, while standard laboratory diets and plasma of captive AGS are high in omega 6 and low in omega 3 PUFAs with higher omega 6:3 ratios. Subsequently, we designed a diet to mimick free-range AGS omega 6:3 ratios in captive AGS. Groups of wild-caught juvenile AGS were either fed: (1) Mazuri Rodent Chow (Standard Rodent chow, 4.95 omega 6:3 ratio), or (2) balanced omega 6:3 chow (Balanced Diet, 1.38 omega 6:3). AGS fed the Balanced Diet had plasma omega 6:3 ratios that mimicked plasma profiles of wild AGS. Balanced Diet increased female body mass before hibernation, but did not influence levels of cortisol in plasma or levels of the lipid peroxidation product 4-HNE in brown adipose tissue. Overall, as the mass gain is critical during pre-hibernation for obligate hibernators, the results show that mimicking a fatty acid profile of wild AGS facilitates sex-dependent mass accumulation without increasing stress indicators.
A constrained optimization model for the provision of services in a 5G network with multi-level cybersecurity investments
Authors: Cappello Giorgia M. , Colajanni Gabriella , Daniele Patrizia , Sciacca Daniele 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we present a multi-tiered network-based optimization model describing the provision of services by network slices of 5G-Service providers (e.g. through Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) organized as Flying Ad hoc Networks (FANET)), taking into account the security levels of each provider. The three levels of the network consist of the infrastructure layers, which contain resources needed to execute a service, the slices layer, where services are served for the services layer, which represents the upper layer of the network and consists of services or applications required by users or devices. The objective of the proposed model is to establish the optimal flows between network layers and the optimal security levels in order to maximize the providers’ profits, given by the difference between the revenues obtained by the sale of services and the rental of their resources and the costs. Numerical experiments are performed and solved with a new nature-inspired genetic algorithm adapted to the optimization 5G network problem.