bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Profiling Physical Activity Motivation Based on Reasons for Exercise: A Cluster Analysis Approach
Authors: (Martinez) Kercher Vanessa M. , Burton Damon , Pickering Michael A. , Kercher Kyle 
Published: August 2022

The purpose of this study is to identify profiles based on the reasons adults have for being physically active. A secondary purpose was to examine how profiles differ on motivational regulation and physical activity (PA). A total of 1275 (46.5 ± 16.8 years) participants were solicited from a hospital-affiliated wellness center, social media promotions, and a research volunteer registry. The Reasons to Exercise (REX-2) scale, International PA Questionnaire, Behavioral Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire-3, and demographic questionnaire were utilized to assess variables of interest with a cross-sectional survey. Using SPSS Version 26, K-cluster analysis was used to identify profiles based on the reasons for exercise that individuals identified as important. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was used to assess profile differences followed by ANOVA. Four profiles were derived based on reason for exercise scores: a multi-reason positive ( N = 361), a multi-reason negative ( N = 232), an autonomous-focused ( N = 259), and a control-focused cluster ( N = 382) ( p < .001). These unique clusters differed significantly ( p < .001) from each other with respect to motivation to be active and PA. The multi-reason positive cluster engaged in higher levels of total moderate and vigorous PA minutes/week compared to the other clusters. Therefore, adult’s motivation for PA may be likely to be affected by a combination of different informal goals and valuing a number of goals that are both extrinsic/controlling (e.g., to look good) and autonomous/intrinsic (e.g., to feel good), may promote greater autonomous motivation regulation and greater PA levels than highly autonomous/intrinsic goals alone.
The Impact of Marital Status and Race in Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Authors: Goosmann Madeline , Williams Amy M. , Springer Kylie , Yaremchuk Kathleen L. 
Published: August 2022

Objectives To examine the difference in survival of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) based on marital status and race. Methods A single academic institution with data collection from 2005 to 2015. Patients with a diagnosis of OSA based on polysomnogram were abstracted from electronic medical records. Patients were classified as “married” or “unmarried.” Race was self-reported as White, Black, Asian American, Hispanic/Latinx, Middle Eastern descent, or unrecorded and gathered from the electronic medical record. Results There were 6200 adults included. Of these, married patients composed 62.7% (n = 3890) of the patients. Patients were 51.3% White (n = 3182), 39.8% (n = 2467) were Black, and 8.9% (n = 551) were other/unrecorded. Married patients had better survival probabilities ( p < .0001). Unmarried patients had 2.72 times the risk of death than those who were married (95% CI 1.78–4.20) when examining OSA survival. When examining survival of those on continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) between married and unmarried patients, those who were unmarried had 2.00 (95% CI 1.58–2.54) times the risk of death than those who were married. Married Black patients demonstrated the best survival probabilities, followed by married White patients ( p < .0001). Married patients had lower mean sleep efficiency than those that were unmarried (76.2% and 77.2%, respectively; p = .019). Conclusion Married patients with OSA had increased survival compared to their single counterparts. Married Black patients had the highest survival.
State ownership, sustainable supply chain management, and firm performance: A natural experiment of the US–China trade conflict
Authors: Feng Yunting , Jiang Yusi 
Published: August 2022

Under the increased global uncertainty, this study extends prior research on sustainable supply chain management (SSCM) and firm performance by investigating the divergent performance outcomes between state-owned enterprises (SOEs) and non-SOEs, before and after the US–China trade conflict. Based on a sample of 7647 firm-year observations of Chinese listed firms, we found that SOEs experienced less severe performance impact from the trade conflict. Moreover, SOEs with more SSCM practices, including supplier management and customer cooperation, could harvest more performance improvement after the trade conflict, while non-SOEs receive performance reduction by doing so. Theoretical and practical implications are provided. JEL classification: C12, D21, F51, L33
Impact of an Enhanced Recovery after Surgery Protocol on Postoperative Outcomes in Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Bills Stephanie , Wills Brittany , Boyd Samara , Elbeery Joseph 
Published: August 2022

Background: Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols are perioperative care pathways designed to achieve early recovery after procedures. ERAS protocols have shown shortened recovery time, and lower opioid utilization and postoperative complication rates. Evidence to support the use of ERAS protocols is robust, however, minimal data exists in cardiac surgery patients. Methods: This observational cohort compared adults receiving post-operative care after coronary artery bypass or valve procedures who received an ERAS protocol containing acetaminophen, gabapentin, and methocarbamol to historical controls. The primary outcome of this study was postoperative opioid use during the first 72-hours following cardiac surgery. Secondary outcomes included length of stay, average pain scores 72-hours postoperatively, and incidence of opioid-related complications. Results: Total cumulative 72-hour post-operative opioid consumption showed a trend toward reduction in opioid use in patients who received the ERAS protocol vs the historic control group [75.8 mg vs 105.4 mg oral morphine equivalents (P = .09)]. Median postoperative lengths of stay and pain scores were similar between groups. Opioid related complications including constipation and respiratory depression occurred more frequently in the control group compared to the ERAS group [47.7% vs 60.5% ( P < .05) and 57.1% vs 62.7% ( P < .05) respectively]. Conclusions: Use of an ERAS protocol shows a promising trend toward less postoperative opioid use in cardiac surgery patients. Lower rates of opioid-related adverse events, including constipation and respiratory depression, were observed in the ERAS protocol group. This study indicates that ERAS protocols have a potential role for cardiac surgery patients postoperatively.
Direct oral anticoagulants versus warfarin in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Lee Young H , Song Gwan G 
Published: August 2022

Objective This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) versus warfarin in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). Methods We performed a literature search using MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register. We also performed a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the effectiveness and safety of DOACs versus warfarin in patients with APS. Results Five RCTs involving 648 patients with APS (330 in DOAC-treated and 318 in control groups) were included in the meta-analysis. Among the patients included in the analysis, 29 (8.8%) patients experienced recurrent thrombosis in the DOAC treatment group, and 10 patients (3.1%) had thrombosis recurrence in the warfarin treatment group, resulting in a higher incidence in DOAC-treated than in the warfarin-treated groups [odds ratio (OR) = 2.163, 95% CI = 0.985–4.748, p = 0.055]. Incidence of arterial thrombosis was significantly higher in DOAC-treated patients than in warfarin-treated patients (OR = 5.168, 95% CI = 1.567–17.04, p = 0.007). Stroke and thrombosis occurrences were significantly higher in the triple positivity group than in the warfarin therapy group (OR = 12.03, 95% CI = 2.249–64.36, p = 0.004; OR = 2.940, 95% CI = 1.016–8.504, p = 0.047). However, venous thrombosis occurrences did not differ significantly between the DOAC-treated and warfarin-treated groups. There were no significant differences between the DOAC and warfarin groups in terms of any bleeding, major bleeding, minor bleeding, and all-cause mortality. Conclusion DOACs were associated with higher rates of arterial thrombosis than warfarin in patients with APS, especially in the triple-positive group. However, a higher risk of recurrent venous thrombosis was not found in APS patients treated with DOACs compared to those treated with warfarin.
Platelet- and endothelial-derived microparticles in the context of different antiphospholipid antibody profiles
Authors: Cheng Chunyan , Bison Elisa , Pontara Elena , Cattini Maria Grazia , Tonello Marta , Denas Gentian , Pengo Vittorio 
Published: August 2022

Objectives Studies on microparticles (MPs) in patients with antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) are sparse and inconclusive. The relation between MPs and different aPL antibody profiles has never been tested. We evaluated the presence of platelet and endothelial microparticles in patients positive for IgG anti-β2-glycoprotein I (aβ2GPI) antibodies according to triple, double and single positive aPL profiles. Methods Megamix (Biocytex) was used to set up the MPs gating according to the datasheet. Markers of Platelet Microparticles (PMPs) were CD41a-PE and annexin-V-FITC that was used to determine phosphatidylserine (PS) exposure. CD144-FITC was used as a marker of Endothelial Microparticles (EMPs). Results The number of total MPs and EMPs was significantly higher in triple positive groups with respect to single positive group and showed a significant correlation with IgG aβ2GPI titers. The number PMPs was the lowest in triple positive group and inversely correlated with IgG aβ2GPI titers. Conclusions Elevated levels of total MPs and EMPs suggest a state of vascular activation in IgG aβ2GPI positive individuals according to the number of positive tests. PMPs may be fast cleared from circulation in high risk triple positive patients.
Analysis of the horizontal vibration response under gas–solid coupling throughout the entire high-speed elevator operating process
Authors: Shi Rundong , Zhang Qing , Zhang Ruijun , He Qin , Liu Lixin 
Published: August 2022

High-speed elevator cars affected by external excitations exhibit complex horizontal vibration responses during their entire operating processes. To accurately explore the horizontal vibration response of a car and the response differences between the operating processes, a gas–solid coupling model for the entire high-speed elevator operating process was developed based on the finite volume method, Lagrange’s theorem, and the external excitations obtained from dynamic mesh technology and the time-variant guideway excitation simulation method. The differences in the car’s horizontal vibration acceleration and the effect of the fluid load disturbance during different high-speed elevator operating processes were analyzed by considering the different operating characteristics of the car during its acceleration–uniform speed–deceleration process. The feasibility of the model and modeling method were verified by testing an actual 7 m/s high-speed elevator. The results showed that the horizontal vibration acceleration of the car reached its maximum value during the uniform speed process, and the shaft fluid pressure load had the most significant effect on the horizontal vibration response of the car during the deceleration process.
Axial behavior of seawater sea-sand coral concrete-filled basalt fiber-reinforced polymer tubular columns containing pre-bonded basalt fiber-reinforced polymer bars
Authors: Lu Fei , Sun Yu , Dong Zhiqiang , Zhu Hong , Yan Zeyu , Zhang Bai 
Published: August 2022

The seawater sea-sand coral aggregate concrete (SWCC) is believed to have a wide application prospect in the field of ocean engineering, even if research problems are still open. In this paper, the axial performance of SWCC-filled basalt fiber-reinforced polymer (BFRP) tubular columns were experimentally tested and theoretically calculated. Considering that the BFRP tubes manufactured by spiral winding impregnated basalt fiber sheets can normally only provide strength in hoop direction, a new type of integrated prefabricated BFRP tube with longitudinal BFRP bars pre-bonded on the inner wall was manufactured. Ten SWCC columns were built, instrumented, tested, and analyzed. First, the influences of the wall thickness of the BFRP tubes (i.e., 2 mm and 4 mm) and the containing of pre-bonded BFRP bars or not were compared. Then, based on the modification of existing models, a calculation model applicable to the peak bearing capacity of the new integrated BFRP tube confined SWCC was preliminarily proposed. The results showed that the integrated BFRP tube designed in this paper has good application prospects in the marine environment and the proposed equation can be used to predict the ultimate strength of this new BFRP tube confined SWCC. The established numerical model had good accuracy in predicting the stress-strain relationship and the failure modes of the proposed SWCC-filled BFRP tubular columns under axial compression.
Meeting Belongingness Needs: An Inclusive Leadership Practitioner’s Approach
Authors: Canlas Aimee L. , Williams Michael R. 
Published: August 2022

Problem Theoretical and practical frameworks delineating the individual and relational needs inherent to creating perceptions of belongingness in the workplace are absent in Human Resources Development (HRD) literature. For inclusive leadership practitioners, the literature itself lacks direct mentioning of belonging, causing the awareness around the concept to be problematic. Without a clear understanding of factors that influence perceptions of belonging, leaders lack direction in building inclusive workplaces and reaping the beneficial business outcomes these have the potential to bring, including increased employee engagement, performance, and innovation. Solution The Individual and Relational Belongingness (IRB) model is introduced to explore and define the unique needs that are vital for individual to perceive a sense of belongingness in the workplace across individual, relational, personal, and organizational dimensions. Stakeholders Organizational and Human Resources Development scholar practitioners benefit from understanding the nuanced and complex needs that drive perceptions of belongingness, since these bring additional context to the scholarship and practice of inclusive leadership.
Development of a Non-Invasive Local Heating Load Test to Detect Severe Limb Ischemia Within 200 seconds
Authors: Katsui Sotaro , Yamamoto Yohei , Kudo Toshifumi 
Published: August 2022

Purpose To establish a non-invasive test method for the rapid detection of severe ischemia (SI) in the limbs in patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Methods Between November 2019 and May 2021, 22 patients admitted for PAD to 2 hospitals agreed to participate in the study. All patients underwent a local heating load (LHL) test. SI was defined as at least 1 ankle-brachial index value of <.4 and/or transcutaneous oximetry value of <30 mmHg. The other cases were classified as mild-to-moderate ischemia (MMI). The LHL test was performed simultaneously with 15 minutes of heating and measurement by attaching a blood flow meter measuring probe combined with a warmer to the patient’s dorsal foot. Evaluation consisted of 200-s periods from the start of heating to 800 seconds. For each period, perfusion value (PV) was evaluated, and slope was calculated graphically based on linear regression as PV fluctuation per minute. Test accuracy was calculated using a receiver operating characteristic curve. Results Twenty-four limbs of 18 patients were finally evaluated; 4 patients (2 with missing data, 1 with collagen disease, and 1 with embolism) were excluded, with 13 and 11 limbs in the SI and MMI groups, respectively. The SI group showed a significantly lower slope value in the first 200 seconds and lower PV at 200 seconds and thereafter. From the slope value, it was possible to detect SI with 85% sensitivity and 73% specificity at 200 seconds. PV could be determined with higher accuracy in periods after 200 seconds, with 85% sensitivity and 82% specificity at 800 seconds. Conclusions Our non-invasive LHL test could be used as a rapid screening test to detect SI in limbs within 200 seconds, as well as a more accurate test to detect ischemia within 800 seconds.
Youth friendly services utilization and associated factors among school youths in North Shewa Zone, Amhara Region, Ethiopia: A mixed-method study
Authors: Demeke Fekade , Yohannes Tadele , Abera Netsanet , Belayneh Fanuel , Nigussie Shambel 
Published: August 2022

Objective: To assess youth friendly services utilization and associated factors among school youths in North Shewa zone, Ethiopia, 2020. Methods: Institution-based cross-sectional study complemented with qualitative inquiry was conducted from 25 February to 20 March 2020. Multistage and purposive sampling technique was used. A total of 605 randomly selected students were recruited. Seven in-depth interviews and four focus group discussions were conducted for qualitative study. p-value < 0.05 and adjusted odds ratio with 95% confidence interval were computed to measure the strength of associations between variables. Qualitative data were transcribed verbatim, analyzed manually, and presented in narration. Result: One hundred ninety-five (32.7%, 95% confidence interval: 29.0%, 36.6%) respondents had used youth friendly services during the survey. Educational level of father (can read and write) (adjusted odds ratio = 3.12, 95% confidence interval: (1.47, 6.65)), being knowledgeable about reproductive health issues (adjusted odds ratio = 4.84, 95% confidence interval: (2.77, 8.47)), discussion on reproductive health issues (adjusted odds ratio = 2.50, 95% confidence interval: (1.49, 4.19)), having sexual exposure (adjusted odds ratio = 3.37, 95% confidence interval: (1.54, 7.39)), perceiving oneself as risky for acquiring HIV/AIDS (adjusted odds ratio = 4.49, 95% confidence interval: (2.63,7.65)), history of sexually transmitted infections (adjusted odds ratio = 4.40, 95% confidence interval: (1.61, 12.04)), favorable attitude toward service providers (adjusted odds ratio = 2.20, 95% confidence interval: (1.16, 4.17)), and ever supported to use the services (adjusted odds ratio = 4.18, 95% confidence interval: (2.51, 6.97)) were factors associated with youth friendly services utilization. Conclusion: Compared with previous findings, youth friendly services utilization in the study area was relatively low. Knowledge on reproductive health issues, sexual exposure, perceiving as risky of acquiring HIV, history of sexually transmitted infection, ever supported to use the services, and attitude of youth toward youth friendly service providers were among factors associated with youth friendly services utilization. Health facilities and schools should work coordinately to scale up youth friendly services utilization.
Cost of the Otolaryngology Residency Application Process: Comparison With Other Specialties and Equity Implications
Authors: Benjamin William J. , Lenze Nicholas R. , Farlow Janice L. , Mihalic Angela P. , Bohm Lauren A. , Kupfer Robbi A. 
Published: August 2022

ObjectiveThis study aims to assess trends in applicant‐reported costs of the otolaryngology residency application process between 2019 and 2021 and evaluate the impact of application costs on number of interview offers.Study DesignCross‐sectional study.SettingUS allopathic and osteopathic medical schools.MethodsSurvey data from applicants were obtained from the Texas STAR database (Seeking Transparency in Application to Residency) for the years 2019 to 2021. Outcomes included total cost, interview cost, other costs, application fees, and number of interview offers. Simple and multivariable linear regression was used to identify novel predictors of cost and assess the correlation between cost and interview offers.ResultsAmong 363 otolaryngology applicants, there was a 74% reduction in total costs and a 97% reduction in interview costs in the 2021 cycle vs the 2020 cycle. Significant predictors of total cost among otolaryngology applicants included the number of away rotations (P <. 01), the number of research experiences (P =. 04), and couples matching (P <. 01). During the 2019 and 2020 application cycles, there was a significant association between applicant‐reported total spending and number of otolaryngology interview offers (P <. 01), which was not present during the 2021 cycle (P =. 35).ConclusionNumber of otolaryngology interview offers appears to be directly correlated with applicant‐reported total costs regardless of number of applications or interviews attended, which may be a source of inequality in the application process. There was a drastic reduction in total costs, interview costs, and other costs during the COVID‐19 pandemic, which was likely driven by virtual interviewing and the absence of away rotations.
Do Vestibular Physiotherapy and a Clinical Pathway in the Emergency Department Improve Management of Vertigo?
Authors: Stewart Vicky , Rosbergen Ingrid , Tsang Benjamin , Hoffman Aliese , Kwan Shelly , Grimley Rohan 
Published: August 2022

ObjectiveDetermine the effects of a vertigo/dizziness emergency department (ED) clinical pathway incorporating vestibular physiotherapy on quality and efficiency of care.Study DesignA multisite retrospective study investigated differences between cohorts before and after a vertigo clinical pathway and cohorts who did and did not receive vestibular physiotherapy assessment.SettingAdults presenting to 2 Australian EDs with symptoms clinically consistent with vestibular disorder were captured via ED diagnostic code screening and subsequent medical record review.MethodsMedical record audits obtained quality of care indicators: diagnosis, HINTS (head impulse–nystagmus–test of skew), and vestibular physiotherapy management. Linked hospital administrative data sets provided efficiency measures: time from ED presentation to assessments, hospital admission rates, and ED and total hospital length of stay.ResultsPostpathway cohorts (n = 329) showed greater use of HINTS (by 27%; 95% CI, 21%‐33%), more frequent vestibular physiotherapy assessment (by 27%; 95% CI, 20%‐33%), reduced wait time to assessment (25.0 to 4.6 hours; 95% CI, −27.1 to −14.1), and reduced ED length of stay (3.9 to 3.2 hours; 95% CI, −0.3 to −1.0) as compared with prepathway cohorts (n = 214). When compared with those not receiving vestibular physiotherapy assessment, patients assessed by a vestibular physiotherapist (n = 150) received a specific diagnosis more frequently (65% vs 34%; 95% CI, 22%‐40%) but were admitted more often (79% vs 49%; 95% CI, 22%‐38%) with longer total hospital length of stay (13.0 vs 5.0 hours; 95% CI, 6.1‐10.6).ConclusionAn ED vertigo clinical pathway was associated with improved quality and efficiency of care, including reduced ED time. Vestibular physiotherapist assessment was associated with greater diagnostic specificity but higher hospital admissions.