bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
COVID-19-associated Coagulopathy: Role of Vitamins D and K
Authors: Tizabi Yousef , Getachew Bruk , Landis Harold E. , Manaye Kebreten F. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract:
Recent reports show coagulopathy as a potential complication and poorer outcome of
coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), especially in those with comorbid conditions such as diabetes
and hypertension as thrombosis could result in stroke and heart attacks. Indeed, cardiovascular
complications in COVID-19 account for 40% of mortality. Although there is no standard treatment
protocol or guidelines for COVID-19, it is a common practice to use anti-inflammatory corticosteroids
and anti-coagulants, especially for severe COVID-19 patients. It has also been confirmed that
deficiencies of vitamin D and/or vitamin K can exacerbate premorbid cardiovascular and diabetes
conditions associated with COVID-19, at least partially due to a higher incidence of coagulopathy.
Here, we discuss the roles of vitamins D and K in general and in COVID-19-related coagulopathy.
Moreover, the suggestion for proper supplementations of these vitamins in countering COVID-19 is
provided.
The Relation Between Red Blood Cell Distribution Width and Coronary
Atherosclerotic Plaque Vulnerability Detected by Intracoronary Optical
Coherence Tomography
Authors: Jin Peng , Wu Si-Jing , Ma Qian , Liu Wei , Zhao Ying-Xin , Han Hong-Ya , Hou Fang-Jie , Li Ya , Zhou Yu-Jie 
Published: May 2022

Background:
A higher red blood cell distribution width (RDW) predicts major
adverse cardiac events in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). However, there are only a
few studies regarding the relationship between RDW and vulnerable plaques. Thus, the purpose of the
present study is to retrospectively explore the predictive value of the association between RDW and
plaque vulnerability assessed by optical coherence tomography (OCT) in patients with cardiovascular
(CV) diseases.

Methods:
This study included 35 patients with stable angina pectoris (SAP) and 70 patients with the
acute coronary syndrome (ACS). We documented clinical features as well as peripheral RDW. Plaque
vulnerability was determined by OCT. We defined thin-cap fibroatheroma (TCFA) as a lipid-rich plaque
(fibrous cap <65 μm thick).

Results:
Plaque rupture was detected more frequently in patients with ACS compared with patients with
SAP (62.9 vs 2.9%, p<0.001, and the corresponding TCFA were 50.69±15.68 vs 80.03±21.60 μm,
p<0.001, respectively). A higher RDW was found in patients with ACS than in patients with SAP
(p<0.001). A cut-off value of RDW >13.85% could detect ruptured plaque with a sensitivity of 72.3%
and a specificity of 62%.

Conclusions:
TCFA and plaque rupture were detected more frequently in patients with ACS compared
with SAP. Elevated RDW was positively the predictive value of the association between plaque vulnerability.
An Overview of Treatment Modalities and Management Aspects for
Obesity
Authors: Kumar Mohit , Hussain Md Sadique , Sonu  , Raj Sakshi , Verma Rahul , Sharma Sakshi , Sahu Sanjeev Kumar 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Obesity is a prominent disorder that has a drastic effect on lots of individuals.
It is a consequence of non-equilibrium in the energy expenditure and intake of energy,
while other etiological factors can be genetic, epigenetic, and physiological.

Objective:
The aim is to explore the multiple aspects reported for its management based on controlled
metabolic approaches as well as surgical approaches.

Results:
It has been reviewed that medical interventions for obesity are lifestyle-altering interventions
that include appropriate diet and exercise. Furthermore, pharmacotherapy is also proving
to be efficient for the management of obesity. Drugs allowed by the competent authority of
the US are for long-term such as orlistat and phentermine for the short-term obesity treatment.
Surgical approaches involve restrictive, malabsorptive as well as mixed bariatric procedures and
these procedures show evidence to alleviate obesity and its comorbidities.

Conclusion:
This review explored various treatment options for obesity.
A New Dıagnostic Tool for the Assessment of Pelvic Dysfunction in MR
Defecography
Authors: Özmen Zafer , Aktaş Fatma 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Pelvic floor dysfunction is characterized by incomplete fecal defecation,
negatively affecting the quality of life. Magnetic resonance defecography (MRD) is a useful examination that is ionizing radiation-free and easily reproducible, and provides anatomical and functional
details that are obtainable through multiplanar and dynamic examinations. The study aims to detect
pathology using MRD in patients with suspected pelvic floor dysfunction and determine its cause.

Methods:
MRD was performed on 79 individuals. Dynamic images were obtained at rest, straining,
and during defecation. Pelvic hiatus mediolateral diameters were compared between groups.

Results:
The defecation phase provided more accurate results than the straining phase for determining
the existence and severity of pathology significantly.

Conclusion:
The defecation phase is the most accurate phase for identifying the existence and severity
of pathology, as the pelvic hiatus mediolateral diameter is thought to be an important factor in triggering pelvic dysfunction.
Microwave: An Ecologically Innovative, Green Extraction Technology
Authors: Das Aliviya , Basak Souvik , Chakraborty Santanu , Dhibar Manami 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Recently, the microwave has shown tremendous research interest and potential
for the extraction of phytoconstituents from plant resources as there is a need for the advancement of performance
in the extraction method. Extraction is the first basic step in the preparation of crude extract
followed by isolation, and characterization of isolated components related to current analytical chemistry.
The current use of microwaves implements green technology and satisfies the demand for getting the
maximum yield of the target compound.

Method:
Research articles related to the current research topics on Microwave-Assisted Extraction
(MAE) were collected and reviewed.

Results:
MAE promises to be a novel extraction technique for the extraction of phytoconstituents from
natural sources than other conventional extraction techniques.

Conclusion:
Microwave-assisted extraction is proved to be advantageous as this method permits specificity,
higher yield, selectivity, and extraction efficiency over traditional methods such as Soxhlet extraction,
maceration and others along with reduced time and solvent consumption, less environmental pollution,
and reduced degradation of thermolabile constituents.
A Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) Study of Root Anatomy, Canal Morphology and Bilateral Symmetry of Permanent Maxillary Premolar Teeth Among the Qatari Subpopulation
Authors: Diab Hanan , Al-Sheeb Fatima , Diab Amal , Marouf Nadya , Al Obaid Maryam , Lari Mashael 
Published: May 2022

Objectives:
The study aims to evaluate the root anatomy, canal morphology, and symmetry of maxillary premolars teeth in a Qatari subpopulation using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Materials and Methods:
544 CBCT images of Qatari patients were analyzed by two endodontists. Tooth position, number of roots, canal configuration, and number of canals per root were investigated. A chi-square test was used to evaluate the association between gender and the number of roots. The interexaminer and intraexaminer were performed and documented.

Results:
The most common root anatomy and canal morphology observed in maxillary first premolars (MFP) were two roots (70.6%) with a single canal per root, while in maxillary second premolars (MSP), there was one root (84.3%) with a single canal (83%).
Type I Vertucci morphology was predominated in all roots of two-rooted MFP (97%), three-rooted MFP (100%), single-rooted MSP (42%), and two-rooted MSP (100%). The Chi-square test showed an association between gender and number of roots in both MFP and MSP, with a higher number of roots seen in men(P<0.05).
A symmetrical pattern was observed in the number of roots and canals in both maxillary premolars. But the symmetry for the type of canal configuration is higher in MFP (78%) than MSP (54%).

Conclusion:
In the Qatari subpopulation, most MFP had two roots with a predominance of type I Vertucci, while MSP had one root with type I. Contralateral MSP showed more diversity in canal configuration that should be considered during root canal treatment. CBCT is an effective diagnostic tool to investigate root anatomy and canal morphology.
The Complete Genome Sequence of Bacillus safensis BRM1 Isolated from Brazilian Mangrove Sediment: A Potential Source of Biomass Converting Enzymes
Authors: Scarduelli Marcelo , Guizelini Dieval , Alves Cardos Rodrigo Luis , Ceccon Denny Marcel , Donatti Lucélia , de Baura Valter Antônio , de Oliveira Pedrosa Fábio , Huergo Luciano Fernandes , de Souza Emanuel Maltempi 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Bacillus safensis BRM1 was isolated from Brazilian mangrove sediment and selected for its ability to grow in xylan as the sole carbon source. To identify genes encoding biomass conversion enzymes, the genome of this bacterium was sequenced.

Methods:
Genome wide analysis revealed 99% nucleotide identity to the Bacillus safensis genome. The isolated strain was named B. safensis BRM1, and its genome consists of a circular chromosome of 3.74 Mb with a GC content of 41.8%. Genes encoding a plethora of hydrolytic enzymes are present in the BRM1 genome but absent from the other B. safensis genomes.

Results:
A total of 23 genes encoding putative cellulases or hemicellulases were identified.

Conclusion:
These data support that B. safensis BRM1 is an interesting candidate for the prospection of enzymes that can be applied in the conversion of cellulosic biomass to biofuel.
Characteristics of Bronchiectasis Associated with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: Deghdegh Khaled , Boukadoum Nassim , Terra Besma , Amoura Kamel , Benali Rachid 
Published: May 2022

Introduction:
An association between chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and bronchiectasis has been observed. However, the incidence of this association is variable. The current use of high-resolution Chest Thoracic (CT) scans in patients with COPD has contributed to its demonstration. It is comorbidity or even an overlap syndrome. The aim of this study is to determine the characteristics of bronchiectasis in patients with COPD at the Annaba University Hospital in Algeria.

Subjects and Methods:
We prospectively included patients hospitalized at the Annaba University Hospital in Algeria between 1st January, 2013 to 31st December, 2015. All patients were hospitalized for an exacerbation of COPD. One hundred and twelve patients (108 men and 04 women) were enrolled in this study. These patients were classified into two groups: G1 (COPD without bronchiectasis) and G2 (COPD with bronchiectasis). The parameters considered for both the groups were the length of hospitalization, comorbidities as per the Charlson index, number of exacerbations in the previous year, quality of life assessed by the Saint Georges questionnaire, a spirométrie, and C. reactive protein (CRP). The diagnosis of exacerbation, bronchiectasis, and COPD was made. The data collected were statistically analyzed using SPSS/version 16. Parametric data were expressed as mean ± SD, and non-parametric data were expressed as the number and percentage of the total. In all tests, a p-value <0.05 was considered significant. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed for statistically significant variables.

Results and Discussion:
One hundred and twelve patients (108 men and 04 women) were included in the study. The demographic characteristics of the patients were: age (69.49 years ± 8.15), smoking (53.21 ± 48 p/y), and FEV1(42.55 ± 18.90 l/s). Of the 112 cases included, 21 had COPD associated with bronchiectasis (18.75%). This bronchiectasis was of cylindrical type in the majority of patients, i.e., 17 (80.95%), saccular in 03 cases (14.28%), and mixed in only one case (04.77%). Lesions were bilateral in 16 patients (76.19%) and unilateral in 05 patients (23.81%). FEV1 in the COPD group associated with bronchiectasis was more severe (48.7 ± 6 l/s vs. 40.2 ± 3 l/s) (OR=4.3187; 95% C.I =2.6301 - 6.8740; p <0.017). Furthermore, we noted that the length of hospitalization, the exacerbations during the past year, the CRP rate, the total score of the Saint Georges questionnaire, and the sputum purulence were statistically significant variables with an Odds Ratio significant in the COPD bronchiectasis association

Conclusion:
The diagnosis of bronchiectasis should be more efficient in patients with COPD with a severe respiratory deficit, purulent sputum, accelerated CRP, and deterioration in the quality of life.
Therapeutic Efficacy of Polyherbal Formulation Kabasura kudineer
Against Common Viral Fevers - A Perspective Review
Authors: Kabilan Shanmugampillai Jeyarajaguru , Kunjiappan Selvaraj , Sundaresan Hemapriya , Mahesh Subikshaa , Srinivasan Gowshiki 
Published: May 2022

Background:
COVID-19 viral infection is a worldwide pandemic that created a major concern regarding the need for a suitable drug candidate for viral infections. The entire scientific community is putting up their entire efforts and research to find a proper cure for this. The traditional Indian Siddha system of medicine is one of the oldest forms of medicine which includes medicine, Varma, alchemy, yoga, and rejuvenation.

Methods:
Kabasura kudineer is one of the Siddha herbal preparations that are being recommended by the State government of Tamilnadu, India for protection against COVID-19. It is recommended due to its claims to have anti-viral properties and other numerous health benefits.

Results:
This article provides a thorough examination of the Kabasurakudineer which is a polyherbal formulation comprising 15 powerful ancient Indian herbals in it that possess various potential phytochemicals providing numerous therapeutic activities. Also, the review highlights the most important therapeutic benefits of this formulation like anti-viral properties along with other activities such as immunomodulatory, bronchodilatory, anti-asthmatic, etc.,

Conclusion:
The role of Kabasurakudineer against viral diseases especially the recent COVID-19 is tremendous and there is a need to enhance further research on this powerful formulation to make it more efficient and useful to the entire people community.
Hippophae salicifolia D. Don, a Fascinating Medicinal Plant: An Update on
its Traditional Medicinal Uses, Ethnopharmacology and Phytochemistry
Authors: Jachak Sanjay M. , Ranjana Soni , Goyal Alok , Jena Gopabandhu , Tikoo Kulbhushan , Bansal Arvind K. , Singh Inder Pal 
Published: May 2022

Abstract:
Hippophae salicifolia, belonging to family Elaegnaceae, is a thorny shrub, and shows actinorhizal habit. The species prefers a habitat of temperate regions in Europe and Asia. In India, it is distributed in the Himalayan region of Uttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, and the North-Eastern parts. The oil, fruits, leaves, and bark of Hippophae species have a pronounced use in ethnomedicines, nutritional food, cosmetics, nitrogen-fixing in soil, water conservation and as fuel source. The aim of this review is to provide updated, comprehensive, and classified information on the traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacological and toxicological research carried out on H. salicifolia. This will help researchers to explore its therapeutic potential and examine future research possibilities. The chemical composition of this shrub comprises minerals, vitamins, flavonoids, flavonoid glycosides, polyunsaturated fatty acids, sugars, carotenoids, and nucleobases. Pharmacological studies demonstrated that the extracts prepared from leaves, barks, and berries along with fixed oil of this species are useful as anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, anti-depressant, anti-microbial, adaptogenic, and wound healing. The results of toxicity study of H. salicifolia extracts did not show any significant acute toxicity in experimental animals. Abundance of phenolic compounds, minerals, and fatty acids within the different parts of this plant prompted researchers to isolate and characterize the phytoconstituents which are responsible for its therapeutic uses.
Knowledge Representation and The Semantic Web: An Historical
Overview of Influences on Emerging Tools
Authors: DeBellis Michael , Neches Robert 
Published: May 2022

Abstract:
suite of standards known as the Semantic Web is transforming the Internet into a
semantic graph rather than a graph of hypertext links. This paper will describe how various ideas
and initiatives in artificial intelligence knowledge representation influenced its design. We begin
with the seminal work by Alan Turing and Alonzo Church that led to the definition of Turing
Machines, enabled digital computing, and provided the mathematical theory of computation,
which has been one of the determining factors for Artificial Intelligence knowledge representation.
We then provide a brief history of artificial intelligence knowledge representation,
starting with groundbreaking researchers, such as Newell and Simon, then to the first "AI boom"
driven primarily by rule-based expert systems, followed by major initiatives such as Cyc and the
DARPA Knowledge Sharing Initiative. We will discuss how innovations from these initiatives
affected standards that, in turn, led to the suite of standards known as the Semantic Web. We
conclude with a brief overview of the most important issues currently facing those who wish to
see widespread adoption of Semantic Web technology in the industry.
Perceptions of Oral Nicotine Pouches on Reddit: Observational Study
Authors: Shao Yihan , Zou Jonathan , Xie Zidian , Mayne Rachel Grana , Ossip Deborah J , Rahman Irfan , McIntosh Scott , Li Dongmei 
Published: May 2022

Background
Oral nicotine pouches are a new form of tobacco-free nicotine products launched in recent years with a variety of flavors.

Objective
This study aims to examine the public perceptions and discussions of oral nicotine pouches on Reddit, a popular social media platform for sharing user experiences.

Methods
Between February 15, 2019, and February 12, 2021, a total of 2410 Reddit posts related to oral nicotine pouches were obtained over a 2-year period. After the removal of unrelated or commercial posts, 653 Reddit posts related to oral nicotine pouches remained. Topics and sentiments related to oral nicotine pouches on Reddit were hand coded.

Results
The number of Reddit posts related to oral nicotine pouches increased during the study period. Content analysis showed that the most popular topic was “sharing product information and user experience” (366/653, 56%), in which sharing oral nicotine pouch products and user experiences were dominant. The next popular topic was “asking product-related questions” (product properties and product recommendations; 115/653, 17.6%), followed by “quitting nicotine products” such as vaping or smoking through use of oral nicotine pouches or quitting the oral nicotine pouches themselves (83/653, 12.7%) and “discussing oral nicotine pouch–related health” symptoms or concerns related to oral nicotine pouches (74/653, 11.3%). The least popular topic was “legality and permissions” related to oral nicotine pouches (15/653, 2.3%). In addition, a greater number of Reddit posts described positive attitudes compared to negative attitudes toward oral nicotine pouches (354/653, 54.2% vs 101/653, 15.5%; P<.001).

Conclusions
Reddit posts overall had a positive attitude toward oral nicotine pouches and users were actively sharing product and user experiences. Our study provides the first insight on up-to-date oral nicotine pouch discussions on social media.
Preferences in the Willingness to Download a COVID-19 Contact Tracing App in the Netherlands and Turkey: Experimental Study
Authors: Folkvord Frans , Peschke Lutz , Ağca Yasemin Gümüş , van Houten Karlijn , Stazi Giacomo , Lupiáñez-Villanueva Francisco 
Published: May 2022

Background
Despite the worldwide growth in using COVID-19 contact tracing apps (CTAs) and the potential benefits for citizens, governments, health care professionals, businesses, and other organizations, only a few studies have examined the factors affecting the levels of willingness to download a CTA.

Objective
This study aimed to investigate individuals’ preferences in the willingness to download a health app.

Methods
We conducted an experimental study in 2 countries, the Netherlands (N=62) and Turkey (N=83), using 4 different vignettes (ie, data protection, manufacturer, reward, and gaming models) with different attributes. Participants were randomly assigned to 1 of the conditions within the vignettes.

Results
The results showed that data protection and gaming elements are factors that influence the willingness to download a COVID-19 CTA. More specifically, we see that data protection is an important factor explaining the willingness to download the app in Turkey, whereas including gaming elements significantly affects the willingness to download the app in the Netherlands.

Conclusions
COVID-19 CTAs are highly promising to reduce the spread of the virus and make it easier to open up society faster, especially because they can be used quickly and share information rapidly. COVID-19 CTA developers must ensure that their apps satisfactorily and sufficiently address ethical considerations, even in times of crisis. Furthermore, integrating gaming elements in the CTA could enhance the willingness to download the CTA.
Por una narratología transmedial
Authors: Baroni Raphaël , Lerma Hernández Cynthia 
Published: May 2022

En una época en que la narratología se abre camino más allá del límite de los estudios literarios, este artículo plantea la necesidad de mantener un enfoque comparado de los medios que permita, por un lado, reconsiderar nociones fundamentales como la del narrador, el punto de vista, la focalización y, por otro, comprender las especificidades de cada medio en su manera de encarnar relatos. El texto expone asimismo la importancia, mediante este análisis comparativo, de definir los elementos fundamentales de la narratividad, cualquiera que sea la sustancia que transmita el relato. Atendiendo al lugar que goza la forma narrativa en nuestra sociedad, el artículo apuesta, dentro de un horizonte interdisciplinario, por una mejor comprensión general de las formas y las funciones de las producciones narrativas.
[Traducción del artículo “Pour une naratologie transmédiale”, publicado en el número 182 de la revista Poétique (enero 2017, pp. 155-175, https://doi.org/10.3917/poeti.182.0155)]