bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combination of biparametric magnetic resonance imaging with prostate‐specific antigen density to stratify the risk of significant prostate cancer: Initial biopsy and long‐term follow‐up results
Authors: Konishi Tsuzumi , Washino Satoshi , Okochi Tomohisa , Miyagawa Tomoaki 
Published: June 2022

ObjectivesTo assess whether the combination of biparametric magnetic resonance imaging with prostate‐specific antigen density can properly stratify the risk of significant prostate cancer in patients undergoing prostate biopsies and how this approach affects the detection of prostate cancer during follow‐up in patients who do not undergo prostate biopsy.MethodsIn total, 411 biopsy‐naïve patients who had elevated prostate‐specific antigen levels and then underwent biparametric magnetic resonance imaging for suspicious prostate cancer were analyzed: 203 patients underwent prostate biopsies, whereas 208 patients did not. Significant prostate cancer detection rates stratified by the combination of Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System score and prostate‐specific antigen density were assessed in patients who underwent prostate biopsies. The cumulative incidence of prostate cancer detection during the follow‐up was assessed in patients who omitted biopsy.ResultsThe negative predictive value for significant prostate cancer was 89% for Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System scores 1–3, which increased to 97% when prostate‐specific antigen density <0.15 ng/ml/cm3 was combined. Among patients who did not undergo biopsy, patients with Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System scores 1–3 plus prostate‐specific antigen density <0.15 ng/ml/cm3 included significantly less cases in which significant prostate cancer was detected during the follow‐up, compared with the others (3.2% versus 17% at 36 months).ConclusionsRestriction of prostate biopsies to patients with Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System scores 4–5 or prostate‐specific antigen density ≥0.15 ng/ml/cm3 proved to be the good biopsy strategy, effectively balancing risks and benefits.
A comparison of the behaviour and survival of angling vs. trap‐sampled Salmo salar smolts
Authors: Kennedy Richard , Rosell Robert , Campbell Warren , Allen Michelle , Del Villar‐Guerra Diego 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAn experiment was undertaken, using acoustic telemetry, to compare the survival and migratory timing of Salmo salar L. smolts sampled, under optimal conditions, in a traditional fixed Wolf trap against a sample of rod‐caught fish captured using a sensitive angling technique. No significant difference was evident in survival with 83% of both samples detected in the river outflow, 67% of the trap and 76% of the rod samples were detected in coastal waters and finally 43% of the trap and 35% of the rod samples were detected on an offshore array c. 50 km from the river outlet. No significant difference was evident in the time taken for trap‐ and rod‐sampled fish to reach either the river outflow, coastal or offshore waters. Angling, if undertaken sensitively, can provide an effective, resource‐efficient and ethically justifiable sampling tool for juvenile salmonid age classes.
A split‐face comparative performance evaluation of injectable hyaluronic acid‐based preparations HCC and CPM‐HA20G in healthy females
Authors: de Wit Aletta , Siebenga Pieter S. , Wijdeveld Ruscha W. , Koopmans Petra C. , van Loghem Jani A. J. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIntroductionSkin revitalizers are used for skin quality improvement purposes. Hyaluronan hybrid cooperative complexes (HCC, Profhilo®, IBSA Pharmaceuticals) are an anti‐aging treatment with a large amount of pure hyaluronic acid (HA) based on stable, cooperative, and hybrid complexes. Cohesive polydensified matrix Hyaluronic Acid (CPM‐HA20, Belotero Revive®, Merz Pharmaceuticals GmbH) is a slightly cross‐linked HA (20 mg/ml) with glycerol (17.5 mg/ml).AimsTo evaluate the performance of HCC and CPM‐HA20G for skin quality improvement in healthy female subjects.MethodsThis was a split‐face, single‐blinded study that enrolled 24 healthy female subjects. Injections were given on three separate occasions. HCC was injected on the right cheek, while CPM‐HA20G was injected on the left cheek. A battery of skin property measurements was used to evaluate the skin. Skin properties and overall satisfaction were analyzed using mixed models with the values at baseline, at week 1, week 8, and week 14 as an outcome and a random effect of subject and fixed effects of treatment, visit, and the treatment by visit interaction.ResultsBoth products showed evidence of effect relative to baseline on surface hydration (AU), elasticity (N/m) TEWL (g/m2h), and melanin (AU). CPM‐HA20G also showed significant evidence of effect relative to baseline on water content (%), and HCC on pore count (n) and hemoglobin (AU). Satisfaction reported by the subjects themselves showed positive trends of satisfaction over time for multiple skin properties. There were no significant differences between the tested products in the observed skin characteristics over time.ConclusionThese devices are effective and safe treatments for skin quality improvement, especially moisturization, with high patient satisfaction and generally mild and transient side effects.
Mothers' experiences of a new early collaborative intervention, the EACI, in the neonatal period: A qualitative study
Authors: Helmer Charlotte Sahlén , Thornberg Ulrika Birberg , Abrahamsson Thomas , Mörelius Evalotte 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAimTo explore mothers' experiences of the EArly Collaborative Intervention.BackgroundPreterm birth puts a considerable emotional and psychological burden on parents and families. Parents to moderate and late premature infants have shorter stays at the neonatal intensive care unit and have described a need for support. The EArly Collaborative Intervention was developed to support parents with preterm infants born between gestational Weeks 30 to 36. In this study, mothers' experiences of the new intervention were explored.DesignA qualitative design guided by a reflexive thematic analysis according to Braun and Clarke. Interviews were individually performed with 23 mothers experienced with the EArly Collaborative Intervention. Data were identified, analysed and reported using reflexive thematic analysis. The COREQ checklist was used preparing the manuscript.ResultsTwo main overarching themes were constructed. The first theme, ‘mothers' feelings evoked from the EArly Collaborative Intervention’ describes the emotions raised by the intervention and how the intervention affected their parental role. Their awareness of the preterm baby's behaviour increased, and the intervention helped the parents to communicate around their baby's needs. The second theme, ‘based on the preterm baby's behavior’, describes experiences of the provision and the learning process about their preterm baby's needs and communication. The intervention was experienced as helpful both immediately and for future interaction with the baby.ConclusionsMothers found the intervention to be supportive and encouraging. They came to look upon their baby as an individual, and the new knowledge on how to care and interact with their baby affected both their own and their baby's well‐being. Furthermore, the intervention felt strengthening for their relationship with the other parent.Relevance to Clinical PracticeThe EArly Collaborative Intervention can support parents' abilities as well as their relation to their baby and may thereby contribute to infant development, cognition and well‐being.
Genome‐wide characterization of caspase genes in Japanese pufferfish, Takifugu rubripes, and expression profiles in response to Vibrio harveyi infection
Authors: Yang Xu , Liu Xia , Yang Zhen , Guan Yude , Zhao Ruihu , Peng Hongyu , Cao Xinyu , Gao Minghong , Wang Shuhui , Jiang Chen 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCaspases, also known as cysteine‐dependent aspartate‐directed proteases, play an important role in regulating apoptosis during development and inflammation. In this study, 10 caspase genes were characterized by searching the Japanese pufferfish genome using various bioinformatics methods, such as multiple sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis. Additionally, we characterized the caspase genes and examined the expression profiles of every member in both healthy tissues and tissues infected with Vibrio harveyi in the liver and intestine. Our results revealed that 10 caspase genes were detected in all examined tissues, and the expression levels varied among different tissues and genes. Vibrio harveyi infection induced significant changes in the expression of 10 caspases in a time‐dependent manner, suggesting that they might play key roles in the defense process of Japanese pufferfish. Our findings offer strong support for future studies aiming to provide an initial assessment of caspase genes in teleosts.
Performance pay, firm size and export market participation: Evidence from matched employer–employee data
Authors: González Xulia , Loveira Rosa , Pazó Consuelo 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe objective of this paper is to provide new evidence on the link between firm level characteristics (size and export) and the adoption of performance pay as part of worker remuneration. Our study exploits an employer–employee database with information on more than 200,000 workers at 26,055 Spanish firms. We find that the incidence of performance pay usually increases with firm size (at decreasing rates) and export status. However, we detect a wide variation among occupations, both in the prevalence of the two types of performance pay analysed and their relationship with size and export.
Immune checkpoint inhibitor‐related cholangiopathy: Novel clinicopathological description of a multi‐centre cohort
Authors: Berry Philip , Kotha Sreelakshmi , Zen Yoh , Papa Sophie , El Menabawey Tareq , Webster George , Joshi Deepak , Heneghan Michael 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackground and aimsCholestatic liver dysfunction is common in immune‐related hepatitis (irH) during treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors (CPI) for malignancy. We investigated the spectrum of bile duct injury and associated natural history in this cohort.MethodClinical, laboratory, radiological and histopathological data in patients with evidence of bile duct injury during CPI treatment from 2018 to 2020 was collected in three tertiary hospitals.ResultsIn this study, ten patients with confirmed bile duct disease were identified. Pembrolizumab was most commonly implicated (8/10). Median CPI cycles prior to bile duct injury was 6. Median alanine aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase were 225 U/L and 1549 U/L respectively. Clinical jaundice was seen in 6/10 and radiological evidence of bile duct pathology in 8/10. Of five patients, who had liver biopsy, three cases (including two cases with normal MRCP) showed primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) like changes with periductal fibrosis. All patients were treated first‐line with prednisolone following cessation of CPI, three with mycophenolate mofetil and one with tacrolimus, with clinical response in four patients. Five patients died after a mean follow‐up of 27 weeks; cause of death was primarily related to progression of malignancy.ConclusionWithin this heterogeneous cohort, we identified that CPI‐related cholangiopathy responded poorly to immunosuppression and potentially progressed to bile duct loss. Thorough radiological and histological assessment is recommended, as identification of the cholangiopathy‐associated phenotype may permit more informed advice regarding prognosis. Further data is required to determine detailed immunological characterisation in order to identify individuals at an increased risk of developing cholangiopathy.
The C‐terminal head domain of Burkholderia pseudomalleiBpaC has a striking hydrophilic core with an extensive solvent network
Authors: Kiessling Andreas R. , Harris Sarah A. , Weimer Kathleen M. , Wells Geoffrey , Goldman Adrian 
Published: June 2022

AbstractGram‐negative pathogens like Burkholderia pseudomallei use trimeric autotransporter adhesins such as BpaC as key molecules in their pathogenicity. Our 1.4 Å crystal structure of the membrane‐proximal part of the BpaC head domain shows that the domain is exclusively made of left‐handed parallel β‐roll repeats. This, the largest such structure solved, has two unique features. First, the core, rather than being composed of the canonical hydrophobic Ile and Val, is made up primarily of the hydrophilic Thr and Asn, with two different solvent channels. Second, comparing BpaC to all other left‐handed parallel β‐roll structures showed that the position of the head domain in the protein correlates with the number and type of charged residues. In BpaC, only negatively charged residues face the solvent—in stark contrast to the primarily positive surface charge of the left‐handed parallel β‐roll “type” protein, YadA. We propose extending the definitions of these head domains to include the BpaC‐like head domain as a separate subtype, based on its unusual sequence, position, and charge. We speculate that the function of left‐handed parallel β‐roll structures may differ depending on their position in the structure.
Prevention of microbial colonization of feeding tubes in the intensive care unit
Authors: Ozen Nurten , Sis Celik Aslı , Terzioglu Fusun , Ozen Volkan , Ozmen Ozgur , Kose Sema , Tosun Betul , Dogan Nazim , Ardic Busra , Atabeyoglu Cimen Bahar , Kilic Dilek , Uslu Hakan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundVarious microorganisms which increase the mortality rate in the intensive care unit (ICU) cause microbial colonization of the nasogastric tube (NGT) and use the NGT as a reservoir.AimTo detect the colonization on the NGT and to determine the effect that training regarding hand hygiene, NGT management, and enteral feeding (EF) provided to ICU nurses and auxiliary service staff (ASS) has on the level of NGT colonization.Study DesignA quasi‐experimental pre‐test and post‐test control design was used in this study. Microbial samples were taken from the outer and inner parts of NGT. The microorganisms were categorized as: group 1, no risk; group 2, low risk pathogenic; group 3, high‐risk pathogenic group. The training was given to nurses (n = 15) and ASS (n = 7). Hand hygiene, NGT, and EF care training are provided to nurses and ASS by researchers. A total of three training sessions were scheduled to be held in 3 weeks so that all health care staff members were trained. Each session lasted 2 h in total. Patients were assigned to a group if one of the microorganisms presented on the outer surface of the patient's feeding tube and/or on the hub. The hand hygiene compliance was evaluated by direct observation according to the World Health Organization hand hygiene indications.ResultsThe study was conducted with 46 patients. Evaluating the patients for the presence of microorganisms before education revealed that 4.3% were in group 1, 21.8% were in group 2, and 73.9% were in group 3. After the education, evaluating the samples for the presence of microorganisms revealed that 39.1% were in group 1, 13% were in group 2, and 47.8% were in group 3. A statistically significant difference was found between the number of samples included in the groups after the participants had received training (H = 8.186; p = .017).ConclusionsAn NGT could act as a reservoir of microbial colonization and high‐risk microorganisms could be on the tube. Providing training not only to nurses but also to ASS will help reduce the risk of colonization.Relevance to Clinical PracticeEliminating such colonization with effective hand hygiene during NGT feeding is a cost‐effective method. Providing training not only to nurses but also to ASS will help obtain the optimum benefit from patient care.
Supplemental Material: An absolutely dated record of climate change over the last three glacial–interglacial cycles from Chinese loess deposits
Authors: Zhang Junjie , Li Sheng Hua , al. et 
Published: June 2022

<p>Details of sampling, dating, Bacon age-depth modeling; a summary of previous luminescence dating studies on the Chinese Loess Plateau; and global climatic evidence for reassigning the MIS 8/9 boundary age. </p>
Estimating survival in a remote community-based fishery using acoustic telemetry
Authors: Lees K.J. , MacNeil M.A. , Hedges K.J. , Hussey N.E. 
Published: June 2022

Small-scale fisheries are often considered data poor due to a myriad of complex factors. Precise estimates of key demographic rates are central to the sustainable management of these fisheries. We used 3 years of acoustic telemetry data to derive survival estimates of Greenland halibut ( Reinhardtius hippoglossoides; n = 255) within a small-scale community fishery in Pangnirtung, Nunavut. Cormack–Jolly–Seber survival estimates were similar for the three top models (quarterly ϕ > 0.80) and detection probability varied with time and as a result of different tag configurations used ( pTag type + t). Survival also differed depending on the location and timing of fish tagging ( ϕCatch; summer vs. winter). A further joint analysis combining detections of live fish and returned tags estimated quarterly survival and site fidelity probability ( s = 0.97, 0.92–1.00 CI (credible interval) and f = 0.96, 0.92–1.00 CI, respectively). Survival estimates were unachievable using traditional tagging methods, highlighting the value of acoustic telemetry mark–recapture as a management tool for estimating demographic parameters for poorly known small-scale fisheries.
Abstract 1002: Targeting adaptation to cancer treatment by drug combinations
Authors: Wang Heping , Luna Augustin , Yan Gonghong , Li Xubin , Babur Ozgun , Sander Chris , Mills Gordon 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Adaptation of tumors to therapeutic interventions contributes to dismal long-term patient outcomes. Adaptation to therapy involves the co-action of functionally related proteins that together activate cell survival programs and compensate for the therapeutic impact. Oncogenic dependencies to such adaptive events, however, can generate new therapeutic vulnerabilities that can be targeted with drug combinations. The precision medicine approaches in which targeted drugs are matched to pre-existing genomic aberrations fail to address the adaptive responses and resulting vulnerabilities. Here, we provide the mathematical formulation, implementation, and validation of the TargetScore method. The TargetScore identifies collective adaptive responses to targeted interventions as concurrent changes of phospho-proteins that are connected within a signaling network. Based on the adaptive responses, the method predicts drug-induced vulnerabilities. Using TargetScore, we inferred the adaptive responses with short-term (i.e., days) stress and long-term (i.e., months) acquired resistance to inhibitors of antiapoptotic mediators, MCL1 and BCL2. With experiments guided by the predictions, we identified synergistic interactions between inhibitors of PARP, SHP2, and MCL1 in breast cancer cells. TargetScore is readily applicable to existing precision oncology efforts by matching targeted drug combinations to emerging molecular signatures under therapeutic stress.
Citation Format: Heping Wang, Augustin Luna, Gonghong Yan, Xubin Li, Ozgun Babur, Chris Sander, Gordon Mills. Targeting adaptation to cancer treatment by drug combinations [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 1002.
Abstract 1004: Growth hormone upregulates tumor-derived exosomal distribution of EMT mediators and multi-drug efflux pumps in melanoma
Authors: Kulkarni Prateek , Basu Reetobrata , Kopchick John J. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Melanoma is the most aggressive form of skin cancer with a dismal 5-year survival rate of 16% at the metastatic stage of the disease. Exosomes have recently emerged as a critical mediator of cancer therapy resistance by regulating epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) and drug efflux. Exosomes are extracellular vesicles (diameters 30-150nm) released from almost all types of cells including tumor cells which package and transfer proteins, RNA, and lipids (often called cargo) from one cell to another. This intercellular communication via exosomes has been reported to induce a drug-resistant phenotype across the tumor by transporting ABC multidrug transporters and mediators of EMT. Multiple studies have established that pituitary-, or tumor- or tumor microenvironment-derived growth hormone (GH) promotes EMT and drug resistance in cancer by binding to GHR-expressing tumor cells. A question arises: Does GH exert this effect across the tumor population via modulating tumor-derived exosomal cargo? No study has yet directly assessed the effect of GH on exosomes in terms of modulating EMT or drug resistance. We isolated exosomes from human melanoma cells with differential levels of GHR expression, following treatment with combinations of GH, anti-cancer drugs, and the GHR antagonist, pegvisomant. We observed no change in the quantity of tumor-derived exosomes with changes in GH action. However, we found significant upregulation of multidrug efflux pumps ABCB1, ABCC1, ABCC2, and ABCG2 in GH-treated tumor exosomes. Importantly, treatment of naïve melanoma cells with these exosomes increased their drug efflux rate and reduced drug retention. Exosomes derived from pegvisomant treated melanoma cells showed markedly reduced ABC transporter contents and did not increase the efflux rate of naïve tumor cells. A similar trend in matrix metalloproteinases (MMP2, MMP9) and TGFb levels in isolated exosomes as well as TGFb signaling and invasion capacity in naïve tumor cells treated with isolated exosomes were observed. These results present a unique effect of GH on tumor-derived exosomal content modulation towards propagating a drug-resistant tumor phenotype in naïve cancer cells.
Acknowledgment: This work was supported in part by the State of Ohio’s Eminent Scholar Program that includes a gift from Milton and Lawrence Goll, by the AMVETS, and Ohio University’s Student Enhancement Award and Edison Biotechnology Institute.
Citation Format: Prateek Kulkarni, Reetobrata Basu, John J. Kopchick. Growth hormone upregulates tumor-derived exosomal distribution of EMT mediators and multi-drug efflux pumps in melanoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 1004.