bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fairness außerhalb des Wettkampfsports – gemessen am Wettkampfsport
Authors: Schürmann Volker 
Published: November 2022

ZusammenfassungDieser strikt methodische Beitrag geht der Frage nach, ob bzw. inwiefern in Bezug auf Sport, der nicht in Wettkampfform ausgetragen wird, sinnvoll von Fairness gesprochen werden kann. Hier gibt es ein sachliches Spannungsverhältnis. Einerseits ist es naheliegend, Sport ganz generell mit Fairness in Verbindung zu bringen. Andererseits liegt es fern, von einem fairen Gesundheitssport zu sprechen. Diese sachliche Frage hat auch eine organisationspolitische Seite: Welchen Bezug hat der Deutsche Aikido-Bund als Mitglied des Deutschen Olympischen Sportbundes zum Olympismus und zu Fairness? An den Paradebeispielen Wettkampfsport, Schulsport und Gesundheitssport werden unterschiedliche Verhältnisse von Sport und Fairness diskutiert und gegeneinander kontrastiert, wobei zwei Unterscheidungen leitend sind. Zum einen kann Fairness auch innerhalb des Wettkampfsports eine sportspezifische Bedeutung haben oder aber allgemeine Gerechtigkeit meinen; zum anderen ist diese Unterscheidung feldspezifisch, das heißt, im Feld des Wettkampfsports geht der Begriff Fairness mit anderen Bedeutungen einher als in den Feldern der Bildung und der Gesundheit. Der Beitrag endet mit der Vermutung, dass der Gesundheitssport nicht auf eine sportspezifische Fairness befragt werden kann, und dass dies der Grund für die Anfälligkeit seiner Instrumentalisierung ist.
Graph attention neural network for water network partitioning
Authors: Rong Kezhen , Fu Minglei , Huang Yangyang , Zhang Ming , Zheng Lejin , Zheng Jianfeng , Scholz Miklas , Yaseen Zaher Mundher 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPartitioning a water distribution network into several district metered areas is beneficial for its management. Partitioning a network according to its node features and connections remains a challenge. A recent study has realized water network partitioning based on node features or pipe connections individually. This study proposes an unsupervised clustering method for nodes based on a graph neural network, which uses graph attention technology to update node features based on the connections and a neural network to cluster nodes. The similarity between nodes located in each area and the balance of the total water demand between areas are optimized, and the importance of the boundary pipes is calculated to determine the installation position of flowmeters and valves. Three water distribution networks with different structures and sizes are used to verify the proposed model. The results show that the average location differences (LocDiffs) within the areas of the three networks completed by partitioning are 0.12, 0.07, and 0.06, and the total demand differences (DemDiffs) between areas are 0.13, 0.27, and 0.29, respectively. The LocDiff and DemDiff of the proposed method decreased by 6% and 55%, respectively, when compared to the traditional clustering method. Additionally, the proposed method for calculating the importance of boundaries provides an objective basis for boundary closure. When the same number of boundaries are closed, the comprehensive impact of the proposed method on the pipe network decreases by 17.1%. The proposed method can be used in practical applications because it ensures a highly reliable and interpretive water distribution network partitioning method.
The misuse of insulin by males with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus for weight and/or shape control: a systematic scoping review
Authors: Goddard Georgia , Oxlad Melissa , Turnbull Deborah 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Insulin restriction and/or omission in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) is a risky disordered eating behaviour increasingly reported in the literature. Most existing literature has focused on females with T1DM. Previous research, however, suggests disordered eating behaviours are over-represented in males with T1DM versus males without T1DM. This systematic scoping review sought to summarise the existing literature to contribute to the development of an understanding of males’ misuse of insulin for weight and/or shape control.

Methods
A systematic scoping review methodology was used. We searched six electronic databases. Eligible articles were quantitative, qualitative, or mixed methods empirical studies with primary data on the restriction and/or omission of insulin for weight and/or shape control among males, written in English from database inception to December 2021.

Results
A final sample of 56 articles was included (48 quantitative, six qualitative and two mixed methods). Where it was reported to occur, estimates of the behaviour ranged from 5 to 75% in females and 1.4% to 76% in males. In 12 studies examining sex differences, only three reported higher prevalence in females. Understandings about the behavioural context of the behaviour were hampered by lack of qualitative research (n = 4 studies).

Conclusion
Despite common preconceptions, this disordered eating behaviour appears to occur similarly in males and females. The findings shed light on areas for future research, including aetiology in males and the need for longitudinal and qualitative research. Clinical recommendations include being alert to the possibility of this behaviour in males with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and the need for health professionals to use open-ended questions to explore current and past deliberate restriction and/or omission of insulin among their patients.
Cross-validation of correlation networks using modular structure
Authors: Neuman Magnus , Jonsson Viktor , Calatayud Joaquín , Rosvall Martin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCorrelation networks derived from multivariate data appear in many applications across the sciences. These networks are usually dense and require sparsification to detect meaningful structure. However, current methods for sparsifying correlation networks struggle with balancing overfitting and underfitting. We propose a module-based cross-validation procedure to threshold these networks, making modular structure an integral part of the thresholding. We illustrate our approach using synthetic and real data and find that its ability to recover a planted partition has a step-like dependence on the number of data samples. The reward for sampling more varies non-linearly with the number of samples, with minimal gains after a critical point. A comparison with the well-established WGCNA method shows that our approach allows for revealing more modular structure in the data used here.
Positive Development and Parenting in the Face of Adversity: A Survey of Emerging Adults
Authors: Chainey Carys , Burke Kylie , Haynes Michele 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAdverse childhood experiences may hinder young people from developing the positive traits and abilities they need to successfully navigate life. While parenting has been shown to support this development, its protective influence in the context of adversity is yet to be explored. This paper investigates the associations between emerging adults’ positive development and single and/or multiple experiences of adversity, and if parenting moderates those associations. Data from a new cross-sectional quantitative survey (n = 693; 28.2% male; aged 18–25 years) were used to measure positive development at age 18–25, adversities experienced up to age 18 (maltreatment, parental separation, and household substance use problems, mental health conditions, incarceration and domestic violence), and parenting received at age 15 (connectedness, hostility, and monitoring). Moderated multivariate logistic regressions indicated that respondents were at increased risk for low positive development if they had experienced cumulative adversity or lower monitoring. A significant interaction and visualised trends indicate that a higher level of hostility was associated with increased risk for low positive development only in respondents with no reported ACEs. The results indicate that young people who experience multiple types of adversity, parental hostility, and/or a lack of monitoring, may be less likely to develop the skills and attributes required to successfully tackle the challenges of life. Further investigation is warranted to tease out the multi-faceted relationships between these constructs and identify how and why adversity and parenting may impact young people’s ability to thrive.
Dynamic similarity criteria in fluid–solid interaction at different fluid–solid relative motions: part I—fundamentals
Authors: Andrzej Flaga , Renata Kłaput , Łukasz Flaga 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The work concerns dynamic similarity criteria of various phenomena occurring in aerodynamics of buildings and structures, hydraulics and fluid dynamics derived from ratios of forces and forces moments affecting these phenomena. It consists of three parts. Part I concerns the bases of dynamic similarity criteria formulated in such a way in relations to the problems of fluid–solid interaction at different fluid–solid relative motions. At the end of this part, authorial method and procedure for determination of dynamic similarity criteria in fluid–solid interaction issues have been presented.
Ingestible light source for intragastric antibacterial phototherapy: a device safety study on a minipig model
Authors: Orsini Barbara , Busechian Sara , Faraoni Paola , Burchielli Silvia , Maggi Giulia , Rogai Francesca , Gnerucci Alessio , Tortoli Paolo , Milani Stefano , Treghini Chiara , Dell’Accio Alfonso , Romano Giovanni , Rueca Fabrizio , Fusi Franco 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHelicobacter pylori gastric infections are among the most diffused worldwide, suffering from a rising rate of antibiotic resistance. In this context, some of the authors have previously designed an ingestible device in the form of a luminous capsule to perform antibacterial photodynamic inactivation in the stomach. In this study, the light-emitting capsules were tested to verify the safety of use prior to perform clinical efficacy studies. First, laboratory tests measured the capsule temperature while in function and verified its chemical resistance in conditions mimicking the gastric and gut environments. Second, safety tests in a healthy minipig model were designed and completed, to verify both the capsule integrity and the absence of side effects, associated with its illumination and transit throughout the gastrointestinal tract. To this aim, a capsule administration protocol was defined considering a total of 6 animals with n = 2 treated with 8 capsules, n = 2 treated with 16 capsules and n = 2 controls with no capsule administration. Endoscopies were performed in sedated conditions before–after every capsule administration. Biopsies were taken from the corpus and antrum regions, while the gastric cavity temperature was monitored during illumination. The bench tests confirmed a very good chemical resistance and a moderate (about 3 °C) heating of the capsules. The animal trials showed no significant effects on the gastric wall tissues, both visually and histologically, accompanied with overall good animal tolerance to the treatment. The integrity of the administered capsules was verified as well. These encouraging results pose the basis for the definition of successive trials at the clinical level.
Graphical abstract
Exploring determinants and strategies for implementing self-management support text messaging interventions in safety net clinics
Authors: Nelson Lyndsay A. , Roddy McKenzie K. , Bergner Erin M. , Gonzalez Jesus , Gentry Chad , LeStourgeon Lauren M. , Kripalani Sunil , Hull Pamela C. , Mayberry Lindsay S. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background:
Text message-delivered interventions for chronic disease self-management have potential to reduce health disparities, yet limited research has explored implementing these interventions into clinical care. We partnered with safety net clinics to evaluate a texting intervention for type 2 diabetes called REACH (Rapid Encouragement/Education And Communications for Health) in a randomized controlled trial. Following evaluation, we explored potential implementation determinants and recommended implementation strategies.

Methods:
We interviewed clinic staff (n = 14) and a subset of intervention participants (n = 36) to ask about REACH’s implementation potential. Using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) as an organizing framework, we coded transcripts and used thematic analysis to derive implementation barriers and facilitators. We integrated the CFIR-ERIC (Expert Recommendations for Implementing Change) Matching Tool, interview feedback, and the literature to recommend implementation strategies.

Results:
Implementation facilitators included low complexity, strong evidence and quality, available clinic resources, the need for a program to support diabetes self-management, and strong fit between REACH and both the clinics’ existing workflows and patients’ needs and resources. The barriers included REACH only being available in English, a lack of interoperability with electronic health record systems, patients’ concerns about diabetes stigma, limited funding, and high staff turnover. Categories of recommended implementation strategies included training and education, offering flexibility and adaptation, evaluating key processes, and securing funding.

Conclusion:
Text message-delivered interventions have strong potential for integration in low-resource settings as a supplement to care. Pursuing implementation can ensure patients benefit from these innovations and help close the research to practice gap.
Happiness in pre-pandemic Europe: correlates of individual happiness prior to Covid
Authors: DiCosimo A. , Kelly B. D. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjective:To identify levels and key correlates of happiness across Europe in 2018, prior to the Covid-19 pandemic.Methods:We used data from the European Social Survey to determine levels of happiness in individuals (n = 49,419) from 29 European countries and identify associations between happiness and age, gender, satisfaction with income, employment status, community trust, satisfaction with health, satisfaction with democracy, religious belief and country of residence.Results:In 2018, self-rated happiness varied significantly across the 29 European countries, with individuals in Denmark reporting the highest levels of happiness (8.38 out of 10) and individuals in Bulgaria reporting the lowest (5.55). Ireland ranked 11th (7.7). Happiness had significant, independent associations with younger age, satisfaction with health, satisfaction with household income, community trust, satisfaction with democracy and religious belief. These factors accounted for 25.4% of the variance in happiness between individuals, and, once they were taken into account, country of residence was no longer significantly associated with happiness.Conclusions:Self-rated happiness varied significantly across pre-pandemic. At individual level, happiness was more closely associated with certain variables than with country of residence. It is likely that the Covid-19 pandemic had significant impacts on some or all of these variables. This highlights the importance of further analysis of correlates of happiness in Europe over future years, when detailed happiness data from during and after the pandemic become available.
What Can a Constructivist Say About Animal Ethics — Or Any Other Normative Question, for That Matter?
Authors: Soucy Guillaume 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn Fellow Creatures, Christine Korsgaard claims that human beings ought to treat all sentient animals as ends in themselves. However, in this article, I argue that Korgaard's method goes beyond what a coherent constructivist conception allows, and I claim that we should therefore adopt a Humean rather than a Kantian version of constructivism. I believe that such a conception permits us to hold substantial ethical positions about non-human animals without having to compromise our ontological commitments.
Representations of disaster victimhood: Framing suffering and loss after the 1934 Bihar-Nepal earthquake
Authors: Marcussen Eleonor 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis article seeks to address a thematic thread that remains relatively unexplored in historical disaster research—victimhood—through an analysis of publications by disaster relief funds and their supporters in the aftermath of the 1934 earthquake in Bihar in northern India. By examining the representations of victimhood, I aim to explore the historical significance of perceptions and constructions of victimhood in the late colonial period. Based on photographs, illustrations, and descriptions of suffering in images and texts, the article suggests that constructions of victimhood effectively relied on imagery that contained, on the one hand, an absence of bodies and, on the other, a feminized anthropomorphization of suffering. The narratives underlying such depictions of earthquake victims are based on a constitution of victimhood that relied on contemporary historical and culturally founded imageries. The analysis of images and texts focuses on how representations of disaster victims were effective in communicating suffering to audiences. I tentatively argue that historically and culturally founded tropes of what constituted a victim formed along two narratives of victimhood that appealed to a colonial and a nationalist readership respectively. These conceptualizations of victimhood formed the basis for collecting aid for relief and reconstruction, rather than the loss of life, dispossession, social marginalization, and displacement suffered by victims of the earthquake.
Novel digital methods for gathering intensive time series data in mental health research: scoping review of a rapidly evolving field
Authors: Schick Anita , Rauschenberg Christian , Ader Leonie , Daemen Maud , Wieland Lena M. , Paetzold Isabell , Postma Mary Rose , Schulte-Strathaus Julia C. C. , Reininghaus Ulrich 
Published: November 2022

AbstractRecent technological advances enable the collection of intensive longitudinal data. This scoping review aimed to provide an overview of methods for collecting intensive time series data in mental health research as well as basic principles, current applications, target constructs, and statistical methods for this type of data.In January 2021, the database MEDLINE was searched. Original articles were identified that (1) used active or passive data collection methods to gather intensive longitudinal data in daily life, (2) had a minimum sample size of N ⩾ 100 participants, and (3) included individuals with subclinical or clinical mental health problems.In total, 3799 original articles were identified, of which 174 met inclusion criteria. The most widely used methods were diary techniques (e.g. Experience Sampling Methodology), various types of sensors (e.g. accelerometer), and app usage data. Target constructs included affect, various symptom domains, cognitive processes, sleep, dysfunctional behaviour, physical activity, and social media use. There was strong evidence on feasibility of, and high compliance with, active and passive data collection methods in diverse clinical settings and groups. Study designs, sampling schedules, and measures varied considerably across studies, limiting the generalisability of findings.Gathering intensive longitudinal data has significant potential to advance mental health research. However, more methodological research is required to establish and meet critical quality standards in this rapidly evolving field. Advanced approaches such as digital phenotyping, ecological momentary interventions, and machine-learning methods will be required to efficiently use intensive longitudinal data and deliver personalised digital interventions and services for improving public mental health.
New Directions in Political History
Authors: Broxmeyer Jeffrey D. , Andersen Lisa M.F. , Barreyre Nicolas , Edwards Rebecca , Lansing Michael J. , Lumba Allan E.S. , White Tara Y. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis roundtable takes up old themes and new perspectives in the field of political history. Scholars engage with six questions across three main categories: the scope of the field, current debates, and teaching. The first two questions ask how we should think about political power and the boundaries of what constitute political history. The section on current debates interrogates the relationship between governing and social movements during the GAPE, and how to situate the political violence of the January 6, 2021, Capitol Hill riot in historical perspective. The final section on teaching takes up two very different challenges. One question is a perennial concern about connecting with students in the classroom about political history. The other dilemma is how to respond to the growing cascade of censorship laws passed by state legislatures that prohibit the teaching of so-called “divisive concepts.”
Aedes Aegypti—Insights on the Impact of Water Services
Authors: Novaes Carlos , Silva Pinto Francisco , Marques Rui Cunha 
Published: November 2022

AbstractEpidemics in general and dengue in particular surcharge the health services and the economy. However, the fighting actions are circumscribed to the health sector despite the known positive economic impacts that the investments in water supply and sanitation services (WSS) may cause on society and public health. Besides the fact that urban WSS infrastructure is closely linked to disease prevention, in Brazil, the user's perception and demand are very few and many institutional aspects, like the integration between local WSS, health, environment, and development of city councils, need to be improved and better aligned. In this way, disease control and vector density reduction remain challenges to be overcome. This article addresses the need for greater institutionalization of urban WSS relating them to health aspects from official data. It concludes that the negative impacts of lacking universal access to WSS on dengue and other mosquito diseases are dispersed in all cities, regions, and populations regardless of their degree of development. Furthermore, contrary to what is normally emphasized, the analysis carried out shows that the lack of urban stormwater management systems may be an important component of WSS in preventing the proliferation of dengue disease.
Are Dipolarization Fronts a Typical Feature of Magnetotail Plasma Jets Fronts?
Authors: Richard L. , Khotyaintsev Yu. V. , Graham D. B. , Russell C. T. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPlasma jets are ubiquitous in the Earth's magnetotail. Plasma jet fronts (JFs) are a seat of particle acceleration and energy conversion. JFs are commonly associated with dipolarization fronts (DFs), which are often characterized by solitary sharp large‐amplitude increases in the northward component of the magnetic field Bz. However, MHD and kinetic instabilities can develop at JFs and disturb the front structure which questions on the occurrence of solitary DFs at the JFs. We investigate the structure of JFs using 5 years (2017–2021) of the Magnetospheric Multiscale observations in the central plasma sheet (CPS) in the Earth's magnetotail. We compiled a database of 2394 CPS jets. We find that 42% of the JFs are associated with large‐amplitude changes in Bz. However, solitary DFs constitute a quarter of these large‐amplitude events, while the rest are associated with more complex structures.