bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Incidence and predictors of intracranial bleeding after coronary artery bypass graft surgery
Authors: Kim Ju Hyeon , Lee Pil Hyung , Kim Ho Jin , Kim Joon Bum , Park Sojeong , Kyoung Dae-Sung , Kang Soo-Jin , Lee Seung-Whan , Kim Young-Hak , Lee Cheol Whan , Chung Cheol Hyun , Lee Jae Won , Park Seong-Wook 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundThere is a paucity of direct data on the incidence and predictors of intracranial bleeding (ICB) after coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG).MethodsThe Korean National Health Insurance database was used to identify patients without prior ICB who underwent CABG. The outcomes of interest were the time-dependent incidence rates of ICB and the associated mortality.ResultsAmong 35,021 patients who underwent CABG between 2007 and 2018, 895 (2.6%) experienced an ICB during a median follow-up of 6.0 years. The 1-year cumulative incidence of ICB was 0.76%, with a relatively high incidence rate (9.93 cases per 1,000 person-years) within the first 1–30 days. Subsequent incidence rates showed a sharp decline until 3 years, followed by a steady decrease up to 10 years. The 1-year mortality rate after ICB was 38.1%, with most deaths occurring within 30 days (23.6%). The predictors of ICB after CABG were age ≥ 75 years, hypertension, pre-existing dementia, history of ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack, and end-stage renal disease.ConclusionsIn an unselected nationwide population undergoing CABG, the incidence of ICB was non-negligible and showed a relatively high incidence rate during the early postoperative period. Post-CABG ICB was associated with a high risk of premature death. Further research is needed to stratify high-risk patients and personalize therapeutic decisions for preventing ICB after CABG.
Primary site as a novel prognostic factor for cardiovascular mortality post-radiotherapy in limited-stage small cell lung cancer: A large population-based study
Authors: Zhao Yuwei , Qin Fen , Ji Qingqi , Xia Wuyan , He Ben 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundThe effect of primary site on cardiovascular mortality (CVM) post-radiotherapy (RT) in patients with limited-stage small cell lung cancer (LS-SCLC) remains unclear.MethodsWe screened the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database between 1988 and 2013. We used cumulative incidence function (CIF) curves to compare CVM incidences, and performed Cox proportional hazards and Fine-Gray competing risk analyses to identify independent risk factors of CVM. Propensity score matching (PSM) analysis was conducted.ResultsAmong enrolled 4,824 patients (median age 57 years old, 49.2% were male), CVM accounts for 10.0% of all deaths after 5 years since cancer diagnosis. Hazard ratios (HRs) for CVM were 1.97 (95% CI: 1.23–3.16, P = 0.005) for main bronchus (MB) patients, 1.65 (95% CI: 1.04–2.63, P = 0.034) for lower lobe (LL) patients and 1.01 (95% CI: 0.40–2.59, P = 0.977) for middle lobe (ML) patients compared to upper lobe (UL) patients. CIF curves showed that the cumulative CVM incidence was greater in the re-categorized MB/LL group compared to UL/ML group both before PSM (P = 0.005) and after PSM (P = 0.012). Multivariate regression models indicated that MB/LL was independently associated with an increased CVM risk, before PSM (HRCox: 1.79, 95% CI: 1.23–2.61, P = 0.002; HRFine−Gray: 1.71, 95% CI: 1.18–2.48, P = 0.005) and after PSM (HRCox: 1.88, 95% CI: 1.20–2.95, P = 0.006; HRFine−Gray: 1.79, 95% CI: 1.15–2.79, P = 0.010).ConclusionsMB/LL as the primary site is independently associated with an increased CVM risk post-RT in patients with LS-SCLC.
Sensitivity and specificity of automated blood pressure devices to detect atrial fibrillation: A systematic review and meta-analysis of diagnostic accuracy
Authors: Tang Edmond W. L. , Yip Benjamin H. K. , Yu Chun-Pong , Wong Samuel Y. S. , Lee Eric K. P. 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundAtrial fibrillation (AF) is a prevalent and preventable cause of stroke and mortality.AimThis systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the sensitivity and specificity of office and out-of-office automated blood pressure (BP) devices to detect AF.MethodsDiagnostic studies, extracted from databases such as Ovid Medline and Embase, on AF detection by BP device(s), electrocardiography, and reported sensitivity and specificity, were included. Screening of abstracts and full texts, data extraction, and quality assessment were conducted independently by two investigators using Covidence software. The sensitivity and specificity of the BP devices were pooled using a random-effects model.ResultsSixteen studies including 10,158 participants were included. Only a few studies were conducted in primary care (n = 3) or with a low risk of bias (n = 5). Office BP devices, which utilised different algorithms to detect AF, had a sensitivity and specificity of 96.2 and 94%, respectively. Specificity was reduced when only one positive result was considered among consecutive BP measurements. Only a few studies (n = 3) investigated out-of-office BP. Only one study (n = 100) suggested the use of ≥79 and ≥26% of positive readings on 24-h ambulatory BP measurements to detect AF and paroxysmal AF, respectively.ConclusionsOffice BP devices can be used clinically to screen for AF in high-risk populations. Clinical trials are needed to determine the effect of AF screening using office BP devices in reducing stroke risk and mortality. Further studies are also required to guide out-of-office use of BP devices for detecting paroxysmal AF or AF.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42022319541, PROSPERO CRD42022319541.
OPN inhibits autophagy through CD44, integrin and the MAPK pathway in osteoarthritic chondrocytes
Authors: Bai Rui-Jun , Liu Di , Li Yu-Sheng , Tian Jian , Yu Deng-Jie , Li Heng-Zhen , Zhang Fang-Jie 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundTo investigate whether osteopontin (OPN) affects autophagy in human osteoarthritic chondrocytes and determine the roles of CD44, αvβ3 integrin and the Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway in this progress.MethodsFirst, we compared the autophagy levels in the human osteoarthritis (OA) and normal cartilage, then, we cultured human OA chondrocytes in vitro and treated cells with recombinant human OPN (rhOPN) to determine autophagy changes. Next, the anti-CD44 and anti-CD51/61 monoclonal antibodies (Abs) or isotype IgG were used to determine the possible role of CD44 and αvβ3 integrin; subsequently, an inhibitor of the ERK MAPK pathway was used to investigate the role of ERK MAPK. Western blotting was used to measure the Beclin1, LC3 II and MAPK proteins expressions, mRFP-GFP-LC3 confocal imaging and transmission electron microscopy were also used to detect the autophagy levels. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) was used to assay the proliferation and activity of chondrocytes.ResultsThe LC3 protein was greatly decreased in OA cartilage compared to normal cartilage, and OPN suppressed the autophagy activity in chondrocytes in vitro. Blocking experiments with anti-CD44 and anti-CD51/61 Abs indicated that OPN could suppress the expression of LC3II and Beclin1 through αvβ3 integrin and CD44. Our results also indicated that the ratio of p-ERK/ERK but not p-P38/P38 and p-JNK/JNK was increased after the rhOPN treatment. The ERK inhibitor inhibited the activity of OPN in the suppression of autophagy, and the CCK-8 results showed that rhOPN could promote chondrocyte proliferation.ConclusionOPN inhibited chondrocyte autophagy through CD44 and αvβ3 integrin receptors and via the ERK MAPK signaling pathway.
The value of ultrasound grayscale ratio in the diagnosis of papillary thyroid microcarcinomas and benign micronodules in patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis: A two-center controlled study
Authors: Feng Na , Wei Peiying , Kong Xiangkai , Xu Jingjing , Yao Jincao , Cheng Fang , Ou Di , Wang Liping , Xu Dong , Han Zhijiang 
Published: August 2022

ObjectiveThe value of ultrasound grayscale ratio (UGSR) in the diagnosis of papillary thyroid microcarcinomas (PTMCs) and benign micronodules (BMNs) has been recognized by some authors, but studies have not examined these aspects in patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT). This retrospective study investigated the value of UGSR in the diagnosis of PTMCs and BMNs in patients with HT using data from two medical centers.MethodsUltrasound images of 428 PTMCs in 368 patients with HT and 225 BMNs in 181 patients with HT in center A were retrospectively analyzed and compared to the ultrasound images of 412 PTMCs in 324 patients with HT and 315 BMNs in 229 patients with HT in medical center B. All of the cases were surgically confirmed. The UGSR was calculated as the ratio of the grayscale value of lesions to the surrounding normal thyroid tissues. The optimal UGSR thresholds for the PTMCs and BMNs in patients with HT from the two medical centers were determined using a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Furthermore, other statistics, including the area under the curve (AUC), the optimal UGSR threshold, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and diagnostic accuracy of the two medical centers, were pair analyzed in this study.ResultsThe UGSR of PTMCs and BMNs in patients with HT from medical center A were 0.513 (0.442, 0.592) and 0.857 (0.677, 0.977) (Z = −15.564, p = 0), and those from medical center B were 0.514 (0.431, 0.625) and 0.917 (0.705, 1.131) (Z = −15.564, p = 0). For both medical centers A and B, the AUC, optimal UGSR threshold, sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and diagnostic accuracy of the UGSR in differentiating between PTMCs and BMNs in patients with HT were 0.870 and 0.889, 0.68 and 0.70, 0.921 and 0.898, 0.747 and 0.759, 0.874 and 0.829, 0.832 and 0.848, and 0.861 and 0.836, respectively. There were no significant differences in the UGSR for the PTMCs between patients from the two medical centers (Z = −0.815, p = 0.415), while there was a significant difference in the UGSR of the BMNs between patients from the two medical centers (Z = −3.637, p = 0).ConclusionIn the context of HT, UGSR still has high sensitivity, accuracy, and stability in differentiating between PTMCs and BMNs, making it a complementary differentiator of thyroid imaging reporting and data systems. However, due to its low specificity, a comprehensive analysis of other ultrasound signs is required.
A Dynamic Evaluation Method for High-Permeability New Energy Distribution Network Planning Considering Multistage Development Trends
Authors: Zhang Junxiao , Gao Chong , Wang Tianlin , Duan Yao , Xu Min , Guo Zuogang 
Published: August 2022

With the development of new power systems, high penetration of new energy (HPNE) will become a major feature of power systems in the future. In order to solve the problem that the traditional distribution network planning index makes it difficult to fully consider the impact of new energy access on the distribution network, this paper constructs a distribution network planning evaluation index system considering the characteristics of HPNE, and designs a set of static comprehensive evaluation methods of distribution network planning schemes based on the “over-average penalty” entropy weight method (EWM). At the same time, distribution network planning is a long-term dynamic process, and the static evaluation method makes it difficult to describe the actual situation of the multistage construction process of distribution networks. To this end, a dynamic evaluation method of distribution network planning is proposed, which realizes the comprehensive evaluation of multistage distribution network planning based on dual excitation control lines. Finally, an example of four 10 kV distribution network planning schemes of a power supply bureau are analyzed to prove the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Study on Waste Acid Modificated Industrial Solid Waste Aluminum Ash to Prepare Environmental Functional Materials to Remove Fluoride Ions in Wastewater
Authors: Ren Yuanchuan , Chen Xiuping , Qu Guangfei , Wu Fenghui , Yang Yuyi , Wang Zuoliang , Liu Xinxin , Jin Caiyue , Hu Yan 
Published: August 2022

C-SAAoa particles synthesized by simple and low-cost calcining industrial solid waste aluminium ash combined with waste oxalic acid modification process show excellent performance in fluoride removal speed and adsorption capacity. Their adsorption capacity on fluoride was determined at about 180.57 mg/g at pH 3.0, which was among the highest reported values in the literature. It was determined that the adsorption mechanism of fluoride on C-SAAoa particles followed mechanisms such as ion exchange, electrostatic action, and the surface - OH groups played a major role in the fluoride removal process. C-SAAoa particles can effectively remove fluoride, even in the presence of a certain concentration of competing anions. At the same time, the material possesses good cycling performance, and can still maintain 78.9% of the initial adsorption capacity in the longitudinal for eight recycles. Therefore, it may have the potential to become a promising adsorbent as a supplement to industrial solid waste resource-based utilization processes and also for fluoride removal in small-scale treatment facilities or wastewater with high fluoride concentrations.
Low-dose exposure to PBDE disrupts genomic integrity and innate immunity in mammary tissue
Authors: Lamkin Donald M. , Chen Shiuan , Bradshaw Karen P. , Xu Shili , Faull Kym F. , Sloan Erica K. , Cole Steve W. 
Published: August 2022

The low-dose mixture hypothesis of carcinogenesis proposes that exposure to an environmental chemical that is not individually oncogenic may nonetheless be capable of enabling carcinogenesis when it acts in concert with other factors. A class of ubiquitous environmental chemicals that are hypothesized to potentially function in this low-dose capacity are synthesized polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs). PBDEs can affect correlates of carcinogenesis that include genomic instability and inflammation. However, the effect of low-dose PBDE exposure on such correlates in mammary tissue has not been examined. In the present study, low-dose long-term (16 weeks) administration of PBDE to mice modulated transcriptomic indicators of genomic integrity and innate immunity in normal mammary tissue. PBDE increased transcriptome signatures for the Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2 Like 2 (NFE2L2) response to oxidative stress and decreased signatures for non-homologous end joining DNA repair (NHEJ). PBDE also decreased transcriptome signatures for the cyclic GMP-AMP Synthase - Stimulator of Interferon Genes (cGAS-STING) response, decreased indication of Interferon Stimulated Gene Factor 3 (ISGF3) and Nuclear Factor Kappa B (NF-κB) transcription factor activity, and increased digital cytometry estimates of immature dendritic cells (DCs) in mammary tissue. Replication of the PBDE exposure protocol in mice susceptible to mammary carcinogenesis resulted in greater tumor development. The results support the notion that ongoing exposure to low levels of PBDE can disrupt facets of genomic integrity and innate immunity in mammary tissue. Such effects affirm that synthesized PBDEs are a class of environmental chemicals that reasonably fit the low-dose mixture hypothesis.
RNA sequencing and integrative analysis reveal pathways and hub genes associated with TGFβ1 stimulation on prostatic stromal cells
Authors: Xiang Peng , Du Zhen , Wang Mingdong , Liu Dan , Yan Wei , Hao Yongxiu , Liu Yutong , Guan Di , Ping Hao 
Published: August 2022

Objective: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is the most common urological disease in elderly men. The transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFβ1) plays an important role in the proliferation and differentiation of BPH stroma. However, it is not clear yet which important pathways and key genes are the downstream of TGFβ1 acting on prostatic stromal cells.Methods: GSE132714 is currently the newer, available, and best high-throughput sequencing data set for BPH disease and includes the largest number of BPH cases. We examined the TGFβ1 expression level in BPH and normal prostate (NP) by analyzing the GSE132714 data set as well as carrying out immunohistochemistry of 15 BPH and 15 NP samples. Primary prostatic stromal cells (PrSCs) were isolated from five fresh BPH tissues. RNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis were used to reveal important pathways and hub genes associated with TGFβ1 stimulation on PrSCs.Results: TGFβ1 was upregulated in BPH stroma compared to NP stroma. A total of 497 genes (244 upregulated and 253 downregulated) were differentially expressed in PrSCs with and without TGFβ1 stimulation. The Gene Ontology revealed that differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were mainly enriched in progesterone secretion, interleukin-7 receptor binding, and CSF1-CSF1R complex. The Wnt signaling pathway, PI3K−Akt signaling pathway, JAK−STAT signaling pathway, and Hippo signaling pathway were screened based on the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses. FN1, SMAD3, CXCL12, VCAM1, and ICAM1 were selected as hub genes according to the degree of connection from the protein–protein interaction (PPI) network.Conclusion: This study sheds some new insights into the role of TGFβ1 in BPH stroma and provides some clues for the identification of potential downstream mechanisms and targets.
Comparison of clinically indicated replacement and routine replacement of peripheral intravenous catheters: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Chen Ching-Yi , Chen Wang-Chun , Chen Jung-Yueh , Lai Chih-Cheng , Wei Yu-Feng 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundIt is unknown whether clinically indicated replacement of peripheral intravenous catheters (PIVCs) increases the risks of PIVC-associated complications and infections compared to routine replacement of PIVCs.MethodsWe searched PubMed, the Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, Ovid MEDLINE, and Clinicaltrials.gov for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compare the safety outcomes of routine replacement and clinically indicated replacement of PIVCs were included for meta-analysis. The primary outcome was the incidence of phlebitis, and secondary outcomes included the risks of occlusion, local infection, infiltration, catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBSI), and accidental removal of the PIVC.ResultsA total of 9 RCTs involving 10 973 patients were included in this meta-analysis, of whom 5,546 and 5,527 were assigned to the study group (clinically indicated replacement of PIVCs) and control group (routine replacement of PIVCs every 72–96 h), respectively. The incidence of phlebitis in the study group was significantly higher than that in the control group [risk ratio (RR), 1.20; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.01–1.44, P = 0.04, I2 = 49%]. In addition, the study group was associated with a higher risk of occlusion (RR, 1.45; 95% CI, 1.08–1.95, P = 0.01, I2 = 82%) and infiltration (fluid leaks) (RR, 1.27; 95% CI, 1.06–1.53, P = 0.01, I2 = 72%) than the control group. However, no significant differences were observed in the risks of local infection (RR, 1.75; 95% CI, 0.38–8.16, P = 0.48, I2 = 0%) and CRBSI (RR, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.08–4.68, P = 0.64, I2 = 0%) between the study and control groups.ConclusionThe clinically indicated replacement of PIVCs may increase the risks of PIVC-associated phlebitis, infiltration, and occlusion compared to the routine replacement of PIVCs, but did not increase the risk of PIVC-associated infections. Based on these findings, routine replacement of PIVCs every 72–96 h maybe a preferred option than clinically indicated replacement of PIVCs.Systematic review registration[www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/], identifier [CRD42022302021].
Comparison of brain microstructure alterations on diffusion kurtosis imaging among Alzheimer’s disease, mild cognitive impairment, and cognitively normal individuals
Authors: Chu Xiaoqi , Wu Peng , Yan Hongting , Chen Xuejing , Fan Liting , Wu Zheng , Tao Chunmei , Ma Yue , Fu Yu , Guo Yunchu , Dong Yang , Yang Chao , Ge Yusong 
Published: August 2022

ObjectiveOur study aimed to explore the differences in brain microstructure in patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and in individuals with normal cognition using diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) to identify a potential non-invasive biomarker of AD.Materials and methodsA total of 61 subjects were included in our study, including 20 subjects diagnosed with AD, 21 patients diagnosed with amnestic MCI, and 20 cognitively normal individuals. We acquired magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans, and DKI images were processed. Twelve regions of interest were drawn, and various parameters were measured and analyzed using SPSS version 11.0 software.ResultsComparative analysis showed that differences in brain regions in terms of mean diffusion (MD) and mean kurtosis (MK) between groups were the most marked. Precuneus MD, temporal MK, precuneus MK, and hippocampal MK were significantly correlated with neuropsychological test scores. Hippocampal MK showed the strongest correlation with the medial temporal lobe atrophy score (r = −0.510), and precuneus MD had the strongest correlation with the Koedam score (r = 0.463). The receiver operating curve analysis revealed that hippocampal MK exhibited better diagnostic efficacy than precuneus MD for comparisons between any group pair.ConclusionDKI is capable of detecting differences in brain microstructure between patients with AD, patients with MCI, and cognitively normal individuals. Moreover, it compensates for the deficiencies of conventional MRI in detecting pathological changes in microstructure before the appearance of macroscopic atrophy. Hippocampus MK was the most sensitive single parameter map for differentiating patients with AD, patients with MCI, and cognitively normal individuals.
Effects of exercise intervention on executive function of middle-aged and elderly people: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Zheng Jian , Su Xuan , Xu Chang 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundExecutive function will gradually decline with the increase of age, which will have a negative impact on the quality of life and general health. Exercise intervention can improve executive function and prevent its deterioration, but the evidence from randomized controlled trials is not consistent.AimTo assess the effect of exercise intervention on executive function of healthy middle-aged and elderly people, and briefly describe its mechanism.MethodsA search was conducted using PubMed, Web of science and EBSCO. The searches were limited to English articles published from January 2010 to January 2022. The information is extracted from searched articles included or excluded based on certain criteria.ResultsThe search returned 2,746 records, of which 11 articles were included in the systematic review, and 8 articles were supplemented according to the references included and related reviews. The results show that different types of exercise intervention have positive effects on the executive function of the middle-aged and elderly people. The intervention prescriptions in most studies are executed in medium to low frequency, medium intensity and medium duration, while only 11% of the studies were followed up.ConclusionsThe intervention, which was executed twice a week with 30–60 min single intervention time and over 12 weeks total duration, showed a good intervention effect. Exercise intervention is to improve executive function by affecting the activation of brain network and the synthesis of neurotransmitters.