bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of smoking‐induced dysregulated human miRNAs in chronic disease development and their potential use in prognostic and therapeutic purposes
Authors: Paul Sujay , Ruiz‐Manriquez Luis M. , Ambriz‐Gonzalez Hector , Medina‐Gomez Daniel , Valenzuela‐Coronado Estefania , Moreno‐Gomez Paloma , Pathak Surajit , Chakraborty Samik , Srivastava Aashish 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMicroRNAs (miRNAs) are evolutionary conserved small noncoding RNA molecules with a significant ability to regulate gene expression at the posttranscriptional level either through translation repression or messenger RNA degradation. miRNAs are differentially expressed in various pathophysiological conditions, affecting the course of the disease by modulating several critical target genes. As the persistence of irreversible molecular changes caused by cigarette smoking is central to the pathogenesis of various chronic diseases, several studies have shown its direct correlation with the dysregulation of different miRNAs, affecting numerous essential biological processes. This review provides an insight into the current status of smoking‐induced miRNAs dysregulation in chronic diseases such as COPD, atherosclerosis, pulmonary hypertension, and different cancers and explores the diagnostic/prognostic potential of miRNA‐based biomarkers and their efficacy as therapeutic targets.
Quercetin ameliorates thioacetamide‐induced hepatic fibrosis and oxidative stress by antagonizing the Hedgehog signaling pathway
Authors: Aslam Andleeb , Sheikh Nadeem , Shahzad Muhammad , Saeed Ghazala , Fatima Naz , Akhtar Tasleem 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe Hedgehog (Hh) pathway has emerged as a potential target for effectual hepatic repair based on convincing clinical and preclinical evidence that proves its significance in regulating hepatic damage. The purpose of this study is to probe the effect of quercetin on liver fibrosis through the modulation of the Hh pathway. Healthy male Wistar rats were divided into four groups (n = 10). The control group was treated with saline, rats in the remaining three groups received twice a week intoxication with intraperitoneal injections of thioacetamide (200 mg/kg) for the induction of hepatic fibrosis for 6 weeks. After 28 days of quercetin and silymarin treatment, histological changes, serum biochemical index, antioxidant enzyme activity, key mediators of Hh pathway and inflammation were analyzed. Serological analysis showed statistically improved cholesterol, H.D.L‐Cholesterol, and L.D.L‐Cholesterol in the treatment groups. Superoxide dismutase and glutathione levels were found to be increased after the treatment with quercetin and silymarin. mRNA expression of important mediators of the Hh signaling, and inflammation including Shh, Ihh, Ptch‐1, Smo, Hhip, Gli‐3, TNF‐α, NFκ‐β, and Socs‐3 were significantly downregulated after the use of quercetin and silymarin. Quercetin also minimized the thioacetamide‐induced histopathological changes, as confirmed by a lower degree of hepatic lobule degeneration, the intralobular occurrence of inflammatory cells, and a lower degree of hepatocytic necrosis. Sudan Black B staining showed remarked lipids improvements in the treatment groups. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that quercetin could ameliorate hepatic fibrosis by antagonizing the hedgehog pathway and also suggest the hedgehog pathway as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of liver fibrosis.
Establishing an 8‐gene immune prognostic model based on TP53 status for lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Wu Guodong , Wang Youyu , Wan Yanhui 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundLung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) results in a majority of cancer burden worldwide. TP53 is the most commonly mutated in LUAD. This study aimed to reveal the relation between TP53 and tumor microenvironment (TME) for improving LUAD treatment.MethodsDifferentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to immunity were analyzed between TP53‐WT and TP53‐MUT groups. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression was applied to screen prognostic DEGs. Two independent datasets were included to evaluate the robustness of the prognostic model.ResultsAn 8‐gene prognostic model containing ANLN, CCNB1, DLGAP5, FAM83A, GJB2, NAPSA, SFTPB, and SLC2A1 was established based on DEGs. LUAD samples were classified into high‐ and low‐risk groups with differential overall survival in the two datasets. M0 macrophages, M1 macrophages, and activated memory CD4 T cells were more enriched in high‐risk group. Immune checkpoints of PDCD1, LAG3, and CD274 were also high‐expressed in high‐risk group.ConclusionThe study improved the understanding of the role of TP53 in the TME modulation. The 8‐gene model had robust performance to predict LUAD prognosis in clinical practice. In addition, the eight prognostic genes may also serve as potential targets for designing therapeutic drugs for LUAD patients.
The role of moral norms as a determinant of intentions to engage in bystander intervention to prevent sexual assault
Authors: Branscum Paul , Rush‐Griffin Sarah , Hackman Christine L. , Castle Arden , Katague Marina 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBystander interventions (BIs) primarily focus on increasing a sense of community and responsibility among students. This study examined moral norms as a determinant of intentions towards BI, within the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). College students at two universities (n = 291) completed an online survey measuring TPB constructs (e.g., intentions, perceived norms) and moral norms. Results indicated that moral norms were significantly associated with intentions toward BI, and appeared to be a valuable addition to the overall perceived norms construct. In addition, the law, parents, peers, and religion were identified as significant determinants of moral norms. Promoting collective responsibility to engage in BI and including a moral imperative to act in message development could increase the impact of BI.
Extending applications of AFM to fluidic AFM in single living cell studies
Authors: Qiu Yuan , Chien Chen‐Chi , Maroulis Basile , Bei Jiani , Gaitas Angelo , Gong Bin 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn this article, a review of a series of applications of atomic force microscopy (AFM) and fluidic Atomic Force Microscopy (fluidic AFM, hereafter fluidFM) in single‐cell studies is presented. AFM applications involving single‐cell and extracellular vesicle (EV) studies, colloidal force spectroscopy, and single‐cell adhesion measurements are discussed. FluidFM is an offshoot of AFM that combines a microfluidic cantilever with AFM and has enabled the research community to conduct biological, pathological, and pharmacological studies on cells at the single‐cell level in a liquid environment. In this review, capacities of fluidFM are discussed to illustrate (1) the speed with which sequential measurements of adhesion using coated colloid beads can be done, (2) the ability to assess lateral binding forces of endothelial or epithelial cells in a confluent cell monolayer in an appropriate physiological environment, and (3) the ease of measurement of vertical binding forces of intercellular adhesion between heterogeneous cells. Furthermore, key applications of fluidFM are reviewed regarding to EV absorption, manipulation of a single living cell by intracellular injection, sampling of cellular fluid from a single living cell, patch clamping, and mass measurements of a single living cell.
Circadian rhythm and disease: Relationship, new insights, and future perspectives
Authors: Neves Ana R. , Albuquerque Tânia , Quintela Telma , Costa Diana 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe circadian system is responsible for internal functions and regulation of the organism according to environmental cues (zeitgebers). Circadian rhythm dysregulation or chronodisruption has been associated with several diseases, from mental to autoimmune diseases, and with life quality change. Following this, some therapies have been developed to correct circadian misalignments, such as light therapy and chronobiotics. In this manuscript, we describe the circadian‐related diseases so far investigated, and studies reporting relevant data on this topic, evidencing this relationship, are included. Despite the actual limitations in published work, there is clear evidence of the correlation between circadian rhythm dysregulation and disease origin/development, and, in this way, clock‐related therapies emerge as great progress in the clinical field. Future improvements in such interventions can lead to the development of successful chronotherapy strategies, deeply contributing to enhanced therapeutic outcomes.
Adsorption of methylene blue by bismuth impregnated biochar of different biomass materials: pore structure and surface chemistry characteristics
Authors: Li Peiyi , Su Yuting , Hu Zhanbo , Zheng Yukai , Zhou Qian , Ouyang Xiao 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn this study, three different types of biochar (biomass materials were beech wood, corncob, and bamboo) were loaded with bismuth to form bismuth impregnated biochars (named respectively as Bi@WBC, Bi@CBC, and Bi@BBC) to investigate their properties (pore structure and surface chemistry characteristics) on methylene blue (MB) removal capacities. Three bismuth impregnated biochars made from different biomass materials were ranked for their adsorption capacity of MB as follows: Bi@WBC > Bi@CBC > Bi@BBC, in which Bi@WBC showed the largest Langmuir adsorption capacity of 178.59 mg g−1. While the specific surface area (SSA) and pore volume of Bi@WBC were the largest (accounting for 477.74 m2 g−1 and 0.15 cm3 g−1, respectively), according to the FTIR and XPS results, Bi@WBC (72.3%) exhibited a higher proportion of BiO bonds than the Bi@CBC (52.3%) and Bi@BBC (48.4%) did. Conclusively, the rich porous structure and surface functional groups of Bi@WBC affected the adsorption capacity of MB, and the chemical adsorption provided the main contribution. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Clinical features and imaging manifestations of acute necrotizing encephalopathy in children
Authors: Wu Lianhong , Peng Hailun , Jiang Yan , He Ling , Jiang Li , Hu Yue 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPurposeWe summarized the clinical features of acute necrotizing encephalopathy (ANE) in children.MethodsClinical data of 14 children with ANE at one center from January 2017 to January 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. ANE severity score (ANE‐ss) was used to assess ANE severity, and the Glasgow Outcome Scale‐Extended was used to assess functional outcomes.ResultsPeak incidence was between 1 and 3 years of age (71%), and a large percentage of males were affected (79%). The main manifestations included fever (100%), seizure (86%), and impaired consciousness (100%). Seven patients (58%) developed status epilepticus. The etiology was identified in 10 patients (71%) and mainly included H1N1 (36%) and Epstein–Barr virus (29%).Complications included multiple organ failure (MOF), predominantly liver (36%), heart (21%) and kidney (7%) failure, gastrointestinal hemorrhage (21%), hypernatremia (7%), hematuria (7%), disseminated intravascular coagulation (7%), and shock (7%). Pleocytosis was observed in two patients, and increased cerebrospinal fluid protein was found in 11 patients. A missense mutation in RANBP2 (c.1754C>T: p.Thr585Met) was observed in one patient. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed increased T2 and T1 signal density in multifocal and symmetric brain lesions (bilateral thalami, 100%) in all patients during the acute phase. There were no deaths. Nine children retained neurological sequelae affecting movement, cognition, speech, vision, and/or seizure. Four children recovered almost completely. There was a significant correlation between risk classification and outcome by ANE‐ss.ConclusionANE is a group of clinical and imaging syndromes. Most patients have severe neurological sequelae, and ANE may have lower mortality. And ANE‐ss can assess prognosis.
Evaluation of human bocavirus as well as other well‐known viral etiologic agents by PCR in the cerebrospinal fluid of children with clinical impression of viral meningoencephalitis referred to the Children's Medical Center in Tehran, Iran, from 2019 to 2020
Authors: Safavi Moeinadin , Taghipour Salameh , Vasei Mohammad , Eshaghi Hamid , Haghi Ashtiani Mohammad Taghi 
Published: June 2022

AbstractViral meningoencephalitis is one of the most important diseases that most commonly affect children. In many cases of viral meningoencephalitis, the underlying cause of the disease is not identified, raising the possibility of a variety of pathogens that are not routinely tested. Bocaviruses belong to a newly identified class of viruses that have been reported in some studies to be associated with viral encephalitis. In the present study, we investigated the prevalence of bocaviruses and other viruses in the patients suspected of having viral encephalitis and their associations with various demographic and clinical variables. Two hundred patients with suspected viral meningoencephalitis referred to Children's Medical Center were studied from 2019 to 2020. Age, sex, length of hospitalization, and course of the disease were gathered. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples were taken from the patients and subjected to biochemical examinations and PCR to identify the underlying cause. Bocaviruses were detected in none of the DNA samples extracted from the CSF specimens. The most identified organisms were mumps and enteroviruses. In 92% of cases, the underlying cause was not identified. PCR‐based identification of the underlying causes of viral meningoencephalitis in CSF specimens was not successful in most cases. Bocavirus was not found in any of the collected CSF samples. Further studies are required for drawing more accurate conclusions.
Small laboratory animal models of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction
Authors: Cardona‐Ramirez Sebastian , Cook James L. , Stoker Aaron M. , Ma Richard 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAnterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are common knee ligament injuries. While generally successful, ACL reconstruction that uses a tendon graft to stabilize the knee is still associated with a notable percentage of failures and long‐term morbidities. Preclinical research that uses small laboratory species (i.e., mice, rats, and rabbits) to model ACL reconstruction are important to evaluate factors that can impact graft incorporation or posttraumatic osteoarthritis after ACL reconstruction. Small animal ACL reconstruction models are also used for proof‐of‐concept studies for the development of emerging biological strategies aimed at improving ACL reconstruction healing. The objective of this review is to provide an overview on the use of common small animal laboratory species to model ACL reconstruction. The review includes a discussion on comparative knee anatomy, technical considerations including types of tendon grafts employed amongst the small laboratory species (i.e., mice, rats, and rabbits), and common laboratory evaluative methods used to study healing and outcomes after ACL reconstruction in small laboratory animals. The review will also highlight common research questions addressed with small animal models of ACL reconstruction.
Investigating seasonal mobility in Irish giant deer Megaloceros giganteus (Blumenbach, 1799) through strontium isotope (87Sr/86Sr) analysis
Authors: Douw David S. , Giltaij Tom J. , Kootker Lisette M. , Reumer Jelle W.F. , Monaghan Nigel T. , Schulp Anne S. 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACTGiant deer Megaloceros giganteus (Blumenbach, 1799) fossils are commonly found in Lateglacial deposits throughout Ireland. While their migrational behaviour has been suggested, it has never been researched. We hypothesise that giant deer underwent seasonal migrations, specifically during Late Pleistocene cold periods as a behavioural adaptation. Giant deer required a high nutrient uptake and were maladapted to the cold‐dry steppe of the Pleistocene glacials. Migration allowed for optimal nutrient uptake during summer, while avoiding the harsh winter conditions of the glacials by moving to sheltered, low‐lying areas. In this study strontium isotope analysis (87Sr/86Sr) of sequentially sampled dental enamel is conducted for the first time on giant deer that were previously sampled in the same manner for δ13C and δ18O, allowing correlations between the isotope data sets. One specimen from Ballybetagh, Dublin generated results indicating seasonal mobility behaviour. This individual was perhaps pushed to migrate at the Younger Dryas stadial onset as the vegetation giant deer depended on disappeared in Ireland. Adaptive mobility behaviour in response to climate was perhaps imperative to their survival through previous glacial periods, but other Eurasian populations would need to be analysed to make such a general conclusion.
Regulation of wheat bran feruloyl oligosaccharides in the intestinal antioxidative capacity of rats associated with the p38/JNK‐Nrf2 signaling pathway and gut microbiota
Authors: Wang Wenwen , Wang Yuan , Duan Yuanxiao , Meng Ziqi , An Xiaoping , Qi Jingwei 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDFeruloyl oligosaccharides (FOs), the ferulic acid ester of oligosaccharides, may possess the physiological functions of both ferulic acid and oligosaccharides, including antioxidative activity and gut microbiota modulation capacity. The present study aimed to investigate whether FOs could regulate the intestinal antioxidative capacity of rats by modulating the MAPKs/Nrf2 signaling pathway and gut microbiota. Thirty Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups. Rats received a standard diet and were gavaged once daily with 0.85% normal saline, 100 mg kg−1 body weight vitamin C or FOs solution at doses of 20, 40 and 80 mg kg−1 body weight for 21 days.RESULTSFOs strengthened the antioxidative capacity of the jejunum, as indicated by increased in contents of catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase, as well as glutathione. Moreover, FOs administration upregulated the mRNA expression level of antioxidant‐related genes (glutamate‐cysteine ligase catalytic subunit, glutamate‐cysteine ligase modifier subunit and heme oxygenase‐1) in the jejunum. Increases in phosphorylation levels of Nrf2, p38 and JNK were also observed. Administration with 40 mg kg−1 FOs altered the structure and composition of the cecal microbiota, which was indicated by the increased the relative abundances of Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria and Acidobacteriota, and the decreased the relative abundances of Firmicutes, Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group and Blautia. Furthermore, Spearman correlation analysis revealed that the altered cecal microbiota closely correlated with jejunal antioxidative capacity of rats.CONCLUSIONFOs could be used as an antioxidant for gut heath improvement through modulating the p38/JNK‐Nrf2 signaling pathway and gut microbiota. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Poly(oligoethylene glycol methacrylate) Star‐Shaped Copolymers with Hydroxypropyl Methacrylate Cores
Authors: Sentoukas Theodore , Forys Aleksander , Marcinkowski Andrzej , Otulakowski Lukasz , Pispas Stergios , Trzebicka Barbara 
Published: June 2022

AbstractStar‐shaped copolymers with crosslinked hyperbranched cores, varying in both number and length of the arms, are prepared by the reversible addition‐fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization technique. Star synthesis is conducted via a simple, “core‐first” method. Hydroxypropyl methacrylate monomer is used for the formation of the hyperbranched/crosslinked core, with ethylene glycol dimethacrylate used as a bifunctional monomer in the role of the cross‐linker. Two different cross‐linker/chain transfer agent ratios are chosen to manipulate the number of the arms in the final star nanostructure. Oligoethylene glycol methacrylate (OEGMA500) is used as a biocompatible and hydrophilic component for the creation and extension of the arms. Arm length is controlled by the amount of OEGMA monomer used in the second polymerization step. Molecular characterization of the four synthesized stars is achieved via size exclusion chromatography and nuclear magnetic resonance, which provides information regarding the molar mass, dispersity, and composition of each star‐shaped copolymer. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) studies of copolymers in N,N‐dimethyl formamide solutions provide sizes of individual copolymer molecules in the size range of 8–20 nm. Aqueous dispersions of copolymers are investigated by DLS, cryogenic transmission electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy, which show the formation of spherical aggregates with diameters of 60–350 nm, dependent on the arm number and length of star copolymers. The obtained sizes and size distributions, along with the hydroxyl‐group‐bearing cores, indicate that the star copolymer can be used as potential nanocarriers for drugs or bioimaging agents.
Preparation of Ultrathin and Degradable Polymeric Films by Electropolymerization of 3‐Amino‐l‐tyrosine
Authors: Marchesi D'Alvise Tommaso , Sunder Sruthi , Hasler Roger , Moser Julia , Knoll Wolfgang , Synatschke Christopher V. , Harvey Sean , Weil Tanja 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBioderived polymers are one of many current research areas that promise a sustainable future. Due to their unique properties, the bioderived polymer polydopamine has been in the spotlight over the last decades. Its ability to adhere to virtually any surface and its stability over a wide pH range as well as in several organic solvents make it a suitable candidate for various applications like coatings and biosensors. However, strong light absorption over a broad range of wavelengths and high quenching efficiency limit its uses. Therefore, new bioderived polymers with similar features to polydopamine but without fluorescence quenching properties are highly desirable. Herein, the electropolymerization of a bioderived analog of dopamine, 3‐amino‐l‐tyrosine, is demonstrated. The resulting polymer, poly(amino‐l‐tyrosine), exhibits several characteristics complementary to or even exceeding those of polydopamine and its analog, polynorepinephrine, rendering poly(amino‐l‐tyrosine) attractive for the development of sensors and photoactive devices. Cyclic voltammetry, spectro‐electrochemistry, and electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance measurements are applied to study the electrodeposition of this material, and the resulting films are compared to polydopamine and polynorepinephrine. Impedance spectroscopy reveals increased ion permeability of poly(amino‐l‐tyrosine) compared to polydopamine and polynorepinephrine. Moreover, the reduced fluorescence quenching of poly(amino‐l‐tyrosine) supports its use as coating for biosensors and organic semiconductors.
Layer‐by‐Layer Assembly of Multifunctional NR/MXene/CNTs Composite Films with Exceptional Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Performances and Excellent Mechanical Properties
Authors: Wu Hao , Zhu Chuanbiao , Li Xiaolong , Hu Xinpeng , Xie Heng , Lu Xiang , Qu Jin‐Ping 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWith the rapid advance of electronics, the light, flexible, and multifunctional composite films with high electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding effectiveness and excellent thermal management are highly desirable for next‐generation portable and wearable electronic devices. Herein, a series of flexible and ultrathin natural rubber/MXene/carbon nanotubes (NR/MXene/CNTs) composite films with sandwich structure are constructed layer by layer through a facile vacuum‐assisted filtration method for EMI shielding and Joule heating application. The fabricated NR/MXene/CNTs‐50 composite film, with NR/MXene as inner layer and NR/CNTs as out layers, not only has high EMI shielding efficiency, but also has excellent comprehensive mechanical properties at the thickness of only 200 µm. In addition, the superior environmental durability, high electrothermal conversion efficiency, hydrophobicity, and fine performance stability after periodic cyclic bending make the film possess more value in practical application.