bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Psychiatric patients’ attitudes towards being hospitalized: a national multicentre study in Norway
Authors: Hustoft Kjetil , Larsen Tor Ketil , Brønnick Kolbjørn , Joa Inge , Johannessen Jan Olav , Ruud Torleif 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of the study was to explore patients’ attitudes towards voluntary and involuntary hospitalization in Norway, and predictors for involuntary patients who wanted admission.MethodsA multi-centre study of consecutively admitted patients to emergency psychiatric wards over a 3 months period in 2005–06. Data included demographics, admission status (voluntary / involuntary), symptom levels, and whether the patients expressed a wish to be admitted regardless of judicial status. To analyse predictors of wanting admission (binary variable), a generalized linear mixed modelling was conducted, using random intercepts for the site, and fixed effects for all variables, with logit link-function.ResultsThe sample comprised of 3.051 patients of witch 1.232 (40.4%) were being involuntary hospitalised. As expected 96.5% of the voluntary admitted patients wanted admission, while as many as 29.7% of the involuntary patients stated that they wanted the same. The involuntary patients wanting admission were less likely to be transported by police, had less aggression, hallucinations and delusions, more depressed mood, less use of drugs, less suicidality before admission, better social functioning and were less often referred by general practitioners compared with involuntary patients who did not want admission. In a multivariate analysis, predictors for involuntary hospitalization and wanting admission were, not being transported by police, less aggression and less use of drugs.ConclusionsAlmost a third of the involuntary admitted patients stated that they actually wanted to be hospitalized. It thus seems to be important to thoroughly address patients’ preferences, both before and after admission, regarding whether they wish to be hospitalized or not.
What factors influence implementation of whole-school interventions aiming to promote student commitment to school to prevent substance use and violence? Systematic review and synthesis of process evaluations
Authors: Ponsford Ruth , Falconer Jane , Melendez-Torres G. J. , Bonell Chris 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Whole-school interventions go beyond classroom health education to modify the school environment to promote health. A sub-set aim to promote student commitment to school to reduce substance use and violence (outcomes associated with low commitment). It is unclear what factors influence implementation of such interventions.

Methods
We conducted a systematic review including synthesis of evidence from process evaluations examining what factors affect implementation. Meta-ethnographic synthesis was informed by May’s General Theory of Implementation.

Results
Sixteen reports, covering 13 studies and 10 interventions were included in our synthesis. In terms of May’s concept of ‘sense-making’, we found that school staff were more likely to understand what was required in implementing an intervention when provided with good-quality materials and support. Staff could sometimes wilfully or unintentionally misinterpret interventions. In terms of May’s concept of ‘cognitive participation’, whereby staff commit to implementation, we found that lack of intervention adaptability could in particular undermine implementation of whole-school elements. Interventions providing local data were reported as helping build staff commitment. School leaders were more likely to commit to an intervention addressing an issue they already intended to tackle. Collaborative planning groups were reported as useful in ensuring staff ‘collective action’ (May’s term for working together) to enact interventions. Collective action was also promoted by the presence of sufficient time, leadership and relationships. Implementation of whole-school interventions took time to build. Considering May’s concept of ‘reflexive monitoring’ (formal or informal review of progress), this was important in assessing and enhancing implementation. ‘Quick wins’ could help maintain collective impetus to implement further intervention activities.

Conclusion
We identified novel factors influencing implementation of whole-school elements such as: local adaptability of interventions; providing local data to build commitment; interventions addressing an issue already on school leaders’ agenda; collaborative planning groups; and ‘reflexive monitoring’ as an explicit intervention component.
Perceived attitudes of family and peers toward same-sex marriage as a distal sexual minority stressor for gay and bisexual men in Taiwan
Authors: Chang Chih-Cheng , Lu Hsin-Yu , Chang Yu-Ping , Tsai Ching-Shu , Yen Cheng-Fang 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
To investigate whether perceived attitudes of family and peers toward same-sex marriage (SSM) is a type of distal sexual minority stressor, as defined in minority stress theory, this cross-sectional study examined the associations of perceived attitudes of family and peers toward SSM with perceived sexual stigma from family and peers, internalized homonegativity, and mental health problems (e.g., depression, loneliness, anxiety) among gay and bisexual men in Taiwan.

Methods
We recruited 400 gay and bisexual men and assessed their perceived attitudes of family and peers toward SSM; perceived sexual stigma from family and peers; internalized homonegativity; and severity of depression, loneliness, and anxiety.

Results
Perceived attitudes of family and peers toward SSM (1) significantly correlated with various aspects of perceived sexual stigma from family and peers and (2) were significantly associated with internalized homonegativity, depression, loneliness, and anxiety.

Conclusions
Perceived attitudes of family and peers toward SSM matched the characteristics of a distal sexual minority stressor, and as a new type of distal sexual minority stressor for lesbian, gay, and bisexual individuals, these perceived attitudes and related stress warrant greater attention from mental health professionals for the development of intervention programs.
Mortality and lung function decline in patients who develop chronic pulmonary aspergillosis after lung cancer surgery
Authors: Kim Bo-Guen , Choi Yong Soo , Shin Sun Hye , Lee Kyungjong , Um Sang-Won , Kim Hojoong , Jeon Yeong Jeong , Lee Junghee , Cho Jong Ho , Kim Hong Kwan , Kim Jhingook , Shim Young Mog , Jeong Byeong-Ho 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundLung cancer surgery is reported as a risk factor for chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA). However, limited data are available on its clinical impact. We aimed to determine the effect of developed CPA after lung cancer surgery on mortality and lung function decline.MethodsWe retrospectively identified the development of CPA after lung cancer surgery between 2010 and 2016. The effect of CPA on mortality was evaluated using multivariable Cox proportional hazard analyses. The effect of CPA on lung function decline was evaluated using multiple linear regression analyses.ResultsDuring a median follow-up duration of 5.01 (IQR, 3.41–6.70) years in 6777 patients, 93 developed CPA at a median of 3.01 (IQR, 1.60–4.64) years. The development of CPA did not affect mortality in multivariable analysis. However, the decline in forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) were greater in patients with CPA than in those without (FVC, − 71.0 [− 272.9 to − 19.4] vs. − 10.9 [− 82.6 to 57.9] mL/year,p < 0.001; FEV1, − 52.9 [− 192.2 to 3.9] vs. − 20.0 [− 72.6 to 28.6] mL/year,p = 0.010). After adjusting for confounding factors, patients with CPA had greater FVC decline (β coefficient, − 103.6; 95% CI − 179.2 to − 27.9;p = 0.007) than those without CPA. However, the FEV1decline (β coefficient, − 14.4; 95% CI − 72.1 to 43.4;p = 0.626) was not significantly different.ConclusionAlthough the development of CPA after lung cancer surgery did not increase mortality, the impact on restrictive lung function deterioration was profound.
Nurses’ knowledge and attitudes toward patient-controlled analgesia for postoperative pain control in a tertiary hospital in South Korea
Authors: Kang Mi-Ra , Kwon Youn-Ju 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
This study investigated the knowledge and attitude of surgical ward nurses toward patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) to develop educational material for nurses on the use of PCA.

Methods
This study was a cross-sectional study comprising 120 nurses from eight surgical wards in a tertiary hospital in South Korea. A questionnaire addressing 6 domains of knowledge of and attitudes towards PCA was conducted over 1 week and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical methods. Knowledge was measured on a categorical scale of 0 and 1 (20 points), and attitude was measured on a Likert scale of 1 to 4 points (60 points).

Results
The total score quantifying the knowledge of and attitudes toward PCA of surgical ward nurses was 59.5 ± 5.5 out of 80.0 points. The average age of the subjects was 28.58 ± 5.68 years old, and nurses above the age of 28 had significantly greater knowledge and better attitudes (61.7 ± 5.5) than those below the age of 28 (57.9 ± 4.9) (p < .001). Nurses working on the upper abdominal surgical ward had significantly greater knowledge (16.2 ± 1.9) than nurses working on other wards (thorax: 14.0 ± 2.3, lower abdominal: 15.4 ± 1.9, and musculoskeletal: 14.5 ± 2.2) (p = .001). Nurses who received education about PCA had significantly better attitudes (45.3 ± 4.6) than those who did not (41.3 ± 3.5) (p < .001). The average correct answer rate for knowledge of opioid analgesics was lower (68.2%) than that for knowledge of the basic configuration of PCA equipment (73.3%) and areas to be identified and managed when using PCA (84.6%), and there was a significant correlation with attitudes toward side effect management (p < .05, r = .19).

Conclusions
There was a significant correlation between the knowledge and attitude of nurses regarding opioid use in PCA. Older nurses with greater clinical experience on the surgical wards who had received PCA education had a better attitude toward PCA. Therefore, newly trained nurses on surgical wards with no experience of PCA education should undergo an intensive education program on opioid analgesics used in PCA.
Using a human-centered, mixed methods approach to understand the patient waiting experience and its impact on medically underserved populations
Authors: Liao Elizabeth N. , Chehab Lara Z. , Neville Kathryn , Liao Jennifer , Patel Devika , Sammann Amanda 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To use a mixed methods approach to investigate the patient waiting experience for a medically underserved population at an outpatient surgical clinic.

Methods
We used lean methodology to perform 96 time-tracked observations of the patient journey in clinic, documenting the duration of activities from arrival to departure. We also used human-centered design (HCD) to perform and analyze 43 semi-structured interviews to understand patients’ unmet needs.

Results
Patients spent an average of 68.5% of their total clinic visit waiting to be seen. While the average visit was 95.8 minutes, over a quarter of visits (27%) were over 2 hours. Patients waited an average of 24.4 minutes in the waiting room and 41.2 minutes in the exam room; and only spent 19.7% of their visit with an attending provider and 11.8% with a medical assistant. Interviews revealed that patients arrive to their visit already frustrated due to difficulties related to scheduling and attending their appointment. This is exacerbated during the visit due to long wait times, perceived information opacity, and an uncomfortable waiting room, resulting in frustration and anxiety.

Conclusions
While time tracking demonstrated that patients spend a majority of their visit waiting to be seen, HCD revealed that patient frustrations span the waiting experience from accessing the appointment to visit completion. These combined findings are crucial for intervention design and implementation for medically underserved populations to improve the quality and experience with healthcare and also address system inefficiencies such as long wait times.
Characterization of the effect of histone deacetylation inhibitors on CD8+ T cells in the context of aging
Authors: Toma Georgiana , Karapetian Eliza , Massa Chiara , Quandt Dagmar , Seliger Barbara 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Posttranslational protein modifications regulate essential cellular processes, including the immune cell activation. Despite known age-related alterations of the phenotype, composition and cytokine profiles of immune cells, the role of acetylation in the aging process of the immune system was not broadly investigated. Therefore, in the current study the effect of acetylation on the protein expression profiles and function of CD8+ T cells from donors of distinct age was analyzed using histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi).

Methods
CD8+ T cells isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of 30 young (< 30 years) and 30 old (> 60 years) healthy donors were activated with anti-CD3/anti-CD28 antibodies in the presence and absence of a cocktail of HDACi. The protein expression profiles of untreated and HDACi-treated CD8+ T cells were analyzed using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Proteins with a differential expression level (less than 0.66-fold decrease or more than 1.5-fold increase) between CD8+ T cells of young and old donors were identified by matrix-associated laser desorption ionization—time of flight mass spectrometry. Functional enrichment analysis of proteins identified was performed using the online tool STRING. The function of CD8+ T cells was assessed by analyses of cytokine secretion, surface expression of activation markers, proliferative capacity and apoptosis rate.

Results
The HDACi treatment of CD8+ T cells increased in an age-independent manner the intracellular acetylation of proteins, in particular cytoskeleton components and chaperones. Despite a strong similarity between the protein expression profiles of both age groups, the functional activity of CD8+ T cells significantly differed with an age-dependent increase in cytokine secretion and expression of activation markers for CD8+ T cells from old donors, which was maintained after HDACi treatment. The proliferation and apoptosis rate of CD8+ T cells after HDACi treatment was equal between both age groups.

Conclusions
Despite a comparable effect of HDACi treatment on the protein signature of CD8+ T cells from donors of different ages, an initial higher functionality of CD8+ T cells from old donors when compared to CD8+ T cells from young donors was detected, which might have clinical relevance.
Biological role of matrix stiffness in tumor growth and treatment
Authors: Deng Boer , Zhao Ziyi , Kong Weimin , Han Chao , Shen Xiaochang , Zhou Chunxiao 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn recent years, the biological role of changes in physical factors in carcinogenesis and progression has attracted increasing attention. Matrix stiffness, also known as ECM stress, is a critical physical factor of tumor microenvironment and remains alternating during carcinogenesis as a result of ECM remodeling through activation of cancer-associated fibroblasts and extracellular collagen accumulation, crosslinking and fibrosis. Different content and density of extracellular collagen in ECM endows matrix with varying stiffness. Physical signals induced by matrix stiffness are transmitted to tumor cells primarily by the integrins receptor family and trigger a series of mechanotransduction that result in changes in tumor cell morphology, proliferative capacity, and invasive ability. Importantly, accumulating evidence revealed that changes in matrix stiffness in tumor tissues greatly control the sensitivity of tumor cells in response to chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy through integrin signaling, YAP signaling, and related signaling pathways. Here, the present review analyzes the current research advances on matrix stiffness and tumor cell behavior with a view to contributing to tumor cell growth and treatment, with the hope of improving the understanding of the biological role of matrix stiffness in tumors.
Synthesis, biological evaluation, and computational studies of some novel quinazoline derivatives as anticancer agents
Authors: Emami Leila , Khabnadideh Soghra , Faghih Zahra , Farahvasi Farnoosh , Zonobi Fatemeh , Gheshlaghi Saman Zare , Daili Shadi , Ebrahimi Ali , Faghih Zeinab 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA series of quinazolinone derivatives (7a–7h) were synthesized as antiproliferative agents. All compounds, were synthesized through three steps method and structurally evaluated by FTIR, 1H-NMR, 13CNMR and Mass spectroscopy. Their cytotoxic activities were assessed using MTT protocol against three humans cancerous (MCF-7, A549 and 5637) and normal (MRC-5) cell lines. In addition, molecular docking and simulation studies of the synthesized compounds were performed to assessment their orientation, interaction mode against EGFR as plausible mechanism of quinazoline compounds as anticancer agents. The synthesized compounds mostly showed moderate activity against the three studied cell lines. They also indicated an appropriate selectivity against tumorigenic and non-tumorigenic cell line. The molecular docking results also confirmed biological activity. Most of the compounds fulfilled Lipinski rule. Collectively, these compounds with further modification can be considered as potent antiproliferative agents.
How do attitudes shape protective practices against the Asian tiger mosquito in community gardens in a nonendemic country?
Authors: Duval Pénélope , Valiente Moro Claire , Aschan-Leygonie Christina 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
The Asian tiger mosquito Aedes albopictus is responsible for the transmission of many arboviruses worldwide and is well adapted to thrive in urban environments. In mainland France, a nonendemic area, this mosquito is responsible for several autochthonous and imported cases of chikungunya and dengue each year. Better management and prevention of mosquito-borne disease transmission in nonendemic areas is thus of global concern. In this context, the aim of this study was to provide a better understanding of mosquito–human interactions as well as human behavior and beliefs in regard to this mosquito species in urban areas.

Methods
We focused on people who participate in community gardens, which are increasingly popular initiatives in metropolitan France and are conducive to the development of tiger mosquitoes. To evaluate community gardeners’ knowledge and practices in relation to mosquito management and control, we conducted a knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) survey.

Results
In contrast to previous KAP studies, we showed that attitudes, more than knowledge, influence the practices of community gardeners in relation to mosquitoes. Interestingly, all gardeners who participated in the survey were concerned about the Asian tiger mosquito and were motivated to incorporate mosquito control methods in their gardens. Moreover, mosquitoes were perceived as nuisances rather than disease vector species. A change in community gardeners’ perceptions could facilitate more appropriate behavior to control this species.

Conclusions
This survey reveals the lack of knowledge and awareness of good practices for the efficient control of the Asian tiger mosquito in green urban areas.

Graphical Abstract
Pure somatic pathogenic variation profiles for patients with serrated polyposis syndrome: a case series
Authors: Hidaka Misaki , Iwaizumi Moriya , Taniguchi Terumi , Baba Satoshi , Osawa Satoshi , Sugimoto Ken , Maekawa Masato 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Objective
The serrated pathway is a distinct genetic/epigenetic mechanism of the adenoma-carcinoma sequence in colorectal carcinogenesis. Although many groups have reported the genetic-phenotypic correlation of serrated lesions (SLs), previous studies regarding the serrated pathway were conducted on patients with SLs that have different germline and environmental genetic backgrounds. We aimed to compare pure somatic genetic profiles among SLs within identical patient with SPS.

Results
We analyzed SLs from one patient with SPS (Case #1) and compared DNA variant profiles using targeted DNA multigene panels via NGS among the patient’s hyperplastic polyp (HP), three sessile serrated lesions (SSLs), and one traditional serrated adenoma (TSA), and separately analyzed three SSLs and one tubular adenoma (TA) within another patient with SPS (Case #2). In two patients, known pathogenic variant of BRAF (c.1799 T > A, p.Val600Glu) was observed in one TSA and one SSL in Case #1, and in three SSLs within Case #2. The pure somatic pathogenic variant BRAF (c.1799 T > A, p.Val600Glu) among SLs with identical germline genetic background supports its importance as a strong contributor for SLs.
DNA methylation-based detection and prediction of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 and invasive cervical cancer with the WID™-qCIN test
Authors: Herzog Chiara , Sundström Karin , Jones Allison , Evans Iona , Barrett James E. , Wang Jiangrong , Redl Elisa , Schreiberhuber Lena , Costas Laura , Paytubi Sonia , Dostalek Lukas , Zikan Michal , Cibula David , Sroczynski Gaby , Siebert Uwe , Dillner Joakim , Widschwendter Martin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundCervical screening using primary human papilloma virus (HPV) testing and cytology is being implemented in several countries. Cytology as triage for colposcopy referral suffers from several shortcomings. HPV testing overcomes some of these but lacks specificity in women under 30. Here, we aimed to develop and validate an automatable triage test that is highly sensitive and specific independently of age and sample heterogeneity, and predicts progression to CIN3+ in HPV+ patients.ResultsThe WID™-qCIN, assessing three regions in human genesDPP6,RALYL, andGSX1,was validated in both a diagnostic (case–control) and predictive setting (nested case–control), in a total of 761 samples. Using a predefined threshold, the sensitivity of the WID™-qCIN test was 100% and 78% to detect invasive cancer and CIN3, respectively. Sensitivity to detect CIN3+ was 65% and 83% for women < and ≥ 30 years of age. The specificity was 90%. Importantly, the WID™-qCIN test identified 52% of ≥ 30-year-old women with a cytology negative (cyt−) index sample who were diagnosed with CIN3 1–4 years after sample donation.ConclusionWe identified suitable DNAme regions in an epigenome-wide discovery using HPV+ controls and CIN3+ cases and established the WID™-qCIN, a PCR-based DNAme test. The WID™-qCIN test has a high sensitivity and specificity that may outperform conventional cervical triage tests and can in an objective, cheap, and scalable fashion identify most women with and at risk of (pre-)invasive cervical cancer. However, evaluation was limited to case–control settings and future studies will assess performance and generalisability in a randomised controlled trial.