bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tetrahydroxystilbene glucoside attenuated homocysteine‐upregulated endothelin receptors in vascular smooth muscle cells via the ERK1/2/NF‐κB signaling pathway
Authors: Jia Min , Su Xingli , Qin Qiaohong , Li Yajuan , Wang Siwang , Chen Yulong 
Published: June 2022

Abstract2,3,5,4’‐Tetrahydrostilbene‐2‐o‐β‐d‐glucoside (TSG) is the main active component of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. It has effects on hypertension. However, the mechanism is unclear. Current research is devoted to exploring the mechanism of TSG improving HHcy‐induced hypertension. The mice received a subcutaneous injection of Hcy in the presence or absence of TSG for 4 weeks. Blood pressure (BP) was measured using a noninvasive tail‐cuff plethysmography method. Levels of plasma Hcy and endothelin‐1 were measured using ELISA. Rat SMA without endothelium was cultured in a serum‐free medium in the presence or absence of TSG with or without Hcy. The contractile response to sarafotoxin 6c or endothein‐1 was studied using a sensitive myography. The levels of protein were detected using Western blotting. The results showed that TSG lowered HHcy‐elevated BP and decreased levels of plasma Hcy and endothelin‐1 in mice. Furthermore, the results showed that TSG inhibited Hcy‐upregulated ET receptor expression and ET receptor‐mediated contractile responses as well as the levels of p‐ERK1/2 and p‐p65 in SMA. In vivo results further validate the in vitro results. In conclusion, TSG can decrease the levels of plasma Hcy and ET‐1 and downregulate Hcy‐upregulated ET receptors in VSMCs by inhibiting the ERK1/2/NF‐κB/ETB2 pathway to lower the BP.
DFT study of structural, mechanical, thermodynamic, electronic, and thermoelectric properties of new PdTiZ (Z = Ge and Pb) half Heusler compounds
Authors: Kalita Dipangkar , Limbu Nihal , Ram Mahesh , Saxena Atul 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA first principle investigation of structural, mechanical, thermodynamical, electronic, and thermoelectric properties of PdTiZ (Z = Ge and Pb) were carried out using the plane‐wave pseudopotential (PP‐PW) method. The exchange‐correlation between the electrons was considered with the generalized gradient approximation of Perdew‐Burke‐Ernzerhof (PBE‐GGA). The energy band structure of the sample materials shows that it is a semiconductor with indirect energy band gaps of 0.66 eV and 0.387 eV in PdTiGe and PdTiPb, respectively, with the density of states being mainly dominated by the p states of Z and d states of Ti atom in the vicinity of the Fermi energy level. The sample compounds were found to be mechanically and dynamically stable in their non‐magnetic cubic phase. PdTiGe was found to be harder and stiffer than PdTiPb. The thermodynamic study revealed that pressure has a negative effect on heat capacity, whereas Debye temperature increases with enhanced pressure in both the sample compounds. The thermoelectric properties of the sample compounds predicted that p‐type nature of the sample compounds possess better thermoelectric performance. The room temperature Seebeck coefficient (S) values were found to be 98.73 μV/K and 94.82 μV/K for PdTiGe and PdTiPb, respectively, whereas S values of 245.73 μV/K and 218.77 μV/K at 1200 K at n = 1021 cm−3. The lowest values of lattice thermal conductivity () of 2.28 W/m‐K and .98 W/m‐K were observed for PdTiGe and PdTiPb, respectively. The optimum dimensionless figure of merits of .66 (1200 K) and .64 (1000 K) were found for p‐type PdTiGe and PdTiPb, respectively, at optimum carrier concentration.
Copper‐Promoted Direct Decarboxylative C3‐Acylation of Electron‐Rich Indolizines Using α‐Keto Acids
Authors: Liu Hao , Ren Shaohong , Ma Chuanjun , Shi Guowei , Li Yongchao , Duan Guiyun , Ge Yanqing 
Published: June 2022

AbstractC‐3 substituted indolizines are important biological heterocycles and luminescent molecules. The development of new methods for direct arylation of indolizines is highly desired. Herein, the C3‐acylation of electron‐rich indolizines with α‐keto acids through Cu‐promoted decarboxylation was descried. Under this simple reaction conditions, a variety of indolizine derivatives were synthesized and characterized. The structure of product 3 a was confirmed in an X‐ray crystal analysis. In addition, the mechanism was also proposed.
Influences of Hydration‐Dehydration on Local Structure in Layered Perovskite LaSr3Fe3O10
Authors: Yagi Yutaro , Wakita Yudai , Kagomiya Isao , Matsue Ikuya , Kakimoto Ken‐ichi , Matsumura Daiju , Yoneda Yasuhiro 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe layered perovskite LaSr3Fe3O10 (LSF) easily hydrates under ambient air. The hydrated LSF transports hydroxides in the middle‐temperature range of 100 °C–250 °C. This study used X‐ray absorption fine structure analysis on normal and hydrated LSF from room temperature to 350 °C to evaluate the relationship between local structures and ion transport characteristics. The H2O molecules are mainly intercalated into rock‐salt interlayers, which are close to the La1 and O3 sites. The generated OH− ions are found at O3 sites, which are closer to Sr ions than La ions. The intercalated H2O molecules and formed OH− ions expand the spaces of the rock‐salt interlayers. The temperature dependence of the local crystal structure was also studied in this study. According to the findings, the presence of OH− ions on the O3 sites, which are closer to Sr ions, plays a significant role in OH− transport in the medium temperature range.
Efficient Preparation of C6 Carbohydrate into 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural with a Combination of Monoclinic FePO4 and Carbon‐Based Solid Acid Catalyst Prepared from Papermaking Sludge
Authors: Xing Liyan , Liu Rundong , Jing Fanchen , Xu Ming , He Jing 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA bifunctional and high‐efficiency solid acid catalyst(S‐SBC) was prepared from papermaking sludge by calcining and sulfonation with concentrated sulfuric acid. The monoclinic FePO4 was added to assist S‐SBC to improve HMF yield. The structure characterization of S‐SBC and its catalytic performance for 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural(HMF) preparation from fructose, glucose and cellulose were investigated. Metal ions and −SO3H in the S‐SBC had synergistic effects on the HMF yield. The HMF yield from fructose, glucose and cellulose were respectively 90.3 %, 73.7 % and 28.8 % with S‐SBC alone. The combination of monoclinic FePO4 and S‐SBC could effectively improve the yield of HMF from glucose and cellulose. The highest yield of HMF from glucose and cellulose were respectively 89.5 % and 53.3 % with the binary catalysts. The mechanism of the synergistic action of the binary catalysts was proposed. Bronsted acid from metal ions hydrolysis and ‐SO3H, ‐COOH, ‐OH grafted on the surface of biochar promoted hydrolysis of cellulose to glucose, which was then coordinated with Lewis acids and isomerized to fructose. Finally, HMF was obtained by dehydrating from fructose.
Triphenyl Arsenic(V) Mixed Ligand Derivatives along with Antimicrobial, Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Studies.
Authors: Beniwal Savita , Sangwan Reena , Rai Jaya , Sharma Jyoti 
Published: June 2022

AbstractTriphenylarsenic(V) mixed ligand derivatives; [(R1)(R2)C=NO]2[Ph]3As[S2CN(CH2CH2)2O] (1 A‐1F) were synthesized [Where R1=−C6H5, R2=−CH3(1 A); R1=−C6H4CH3, R2=−CH3(1 B); R1=−C6H4Cl, R2=−CH3(1 C); R1=−C6H4Br, R2=−CH3(1 D); R1=−C6H4OH, R2=−H(1 E); R1(R2)C=C−CH2−(CH2)3−CH2(1 F)] by consecutive substitution of Ph3AsBr2with sodium salt of substituted oximes and morpholinedithiocarbamate in equimolar proportion. Distorted octahedral geometry was proposed around the arsenic atom, for these derivatives. Nano ranged particle size ∼35 nm with crystalline nature was obtained by powder XRD study for these derivatives. The derivatives were examined for bacteria and fungi which exhibited higher antifungal capability than antibacterial. Cytotoxic and antioxidant activities were performed through MTT test in 3T3fibroblast cell lines and by FRAP assay, respectively for these derivatives. Amongst six triphenylarsenic(V) mixed ligand derivatives,1 A,1 Band1 Cwere observed non‐noxious (cell viability >50 % even at 500 μg/mL) in nature and1 D,1 Eand1 Fwere poisonous to 3T3fibroblast cell lines. Structural‐Activity relationship for antimicrobial and antioxidant activity amongst six derivatives1 A–1 Fwas explored.
Environmental Solid Waste‐derived Carbon for Advanced Rechargeable Lithium‐Sulfur Batteries: A Review
Authors: Walle Maru Dessie 
Published: June 2022

AbstractLithium‐sulfur (Li−S) batteries are lighter and cheaper than today's electrochemical energy storage devices for the forthcoming generations. Particularly the low price and abundance of sulfur as the cathode material, high energy density, and theoretical capacity are delightful characteristics. However, Li−S batteries have many hindrances to attain their commercial applications. Among the challenges are the polysulfide shuttle effect, the insulating property of sulfur, and large volume expansion during charging‐discharging processes. Researchers have carried out comprehensive research on the potential solutions to these challenges. Environmental waste‐derived carbon has an increasingly important role in the energy storage devices (Li−S batteries) due to their sustainable development, low cost, heteroatom doping, large specific surface area, adjustable pore size, easily available sources, and high electric conductivity, which had a significant effect to enhance electrochemical performance. This review highlighted the research progress on carbon derived from environmental solid wastes for the application of Li−S batteries. Furthermore, the preparation, morphology, and design protocols of carbon derived from solid wastes are elaborated for energy storage devices focused on Li−S batteries. These properties inspire researchers in the rational design of environmental waste‐derived carbon materials for sustainable and advanced electrochemical energy storage devices.
Design and Synthesis of Benzoxepine–Based 1,2,3‐Triazoles: Molecular Docking and in vitro Antimicrobial Activity Evaluation
Authors: Gandham Siva Kumar , Kudale Amit A. , Rao Allaka Tejeswara , Jha Anjali 
Published: June 2022

AbstractHere, we report a novel series of dihydrobenzoxepin linked to 1,2,3‐triazole scaffolds (5 a‐k) along with their pharmacological activity against different Gram–(+ve), Gram–(–ve) and fungal strains. Structures of all the compounds were ascertained by using different spectral techniques like Nuclear magnetic resonance (1H & 13C), Infrared (IR), Mass spectrometric and elemental analysis. The biological studies revealed that piperazinyl‐4‐nitrophenyl (5 c), morpholinyl‐4‐chlorophenyl (5 d), dimethyl amino‐4‐chlorophenyl (5 h), morpholinyl‐4‐nitrophenyl (5 j), and piperazinyl‐4‐nitrophenyl (5 k) substituted benzoxepine–1,2,3‐triazole acetamides were the most promising compounds in both antibacterial and antifungal analysis with zone of inhibition ranging from 33–30 mm, 32–28 mm and minimum inhibitory concentrations 1.2, 0.85, 2.1, 2.9, 38.4 μg/mL, 1.8, 1.3, 1.5, 6.7, 2.8 μg/mL respectively. The docking scores of our few selective synthesized ligands 4‐nitrophenyl acetamide (5 c), 4‐chlorophenyl acetamide (5 d), morpholinyl‐4‐hydroxy phenyl (5 e), piperazinyl‐4‐methylphenyl (5 f), and morpholinyl‐4‐hydroxyphenyl (5 i) varied from −8.63 Kcal/mol to −7.12 Kcal/mol and 4‐nitrophenyl‐1,2,3‐triazole (5 c) exhibited highest hydrogen bonding amino acid interactions Tyr248 (3.31 Å), Arg171 (3.06 Å), Arg265 (3.04, 2.76 Å), Lys273 (2.79 Å), Ser21 (2.71 Å) within the active site of S. aureus protein (2ZCS). Further investigation of title compounds was subjected to Molinspiration, Molsoft property explorer for oral bioavailability to analyze their pharmacokinetic properties and dimethylamino‐4‐chlorophenyl (5 h), morpholinyl‐4‐hydroxyphenyl (5 i) were found to be highest drug–likeness scores 1.40, 1.32 respectively.
Discovery of APOBEC Cytidine Deaminases Inhibitors Using a BspH1 Restriction Enzyme‐Based Biosensor
Authors: Zhang Yi‐Han , Guo Xiao‐Chun , Zhong Jia‐Ben , Zhong Dong‐Xiao , Huang Xuan‐He , Fang Zhi‐Yuan , Zhang Chi , Lu Yu‐Jing 
Published: June 2022

AbstractApolipoprotein B mRNA‐editing enzyme catalytic polypeptide like (APOBEC) DNA cytidine deaminases convert cytosine to uracil in pathogen‐related single‐stranded DNAs. Aberrant activation of APOBEC enzymes in tumour cells leads to hypermutations that drive heterogeneity and clonal evolution, which results in tumour progression and treatment adaptation. APOBEC3 family member APOBEC3B (A3B) is a promising drug target to combat drug resistance, but the discovery of potent lead compounds remained challenging. Here, we devised a BspH1 restriction enzyme‐based biosensor to measure APOBEC deaminase activity, with superior simplicity and without the need of counter assays. Using this method, we performed a proof‐of‐concept screening using series of flavonoids and dihydrochalcones, from which bona fide inhibitors of recombinant A3B were identified and further validated by isothermal titration calorimetry. Our results demonstrate the capability of the BspH1‐based biosensor as a method for HTS, and prospects of developing potent A3B inhibitors using flavonoid and dihydrochalcone backbones.
Buridan Wycliffised? The Nature of the Intellect in Late Medieval Prague University Disputations
Authors: Lička Lukáš 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe paper delves into manuscript sources connected with various disputations held at Prague University from around 1390 to 1420 and singles out a set of hitherto unknownquaestionesdealing with the nature of the human intellect and its relation to the body. Prague disputations from around 1400 arguably offer a unique vantage point on late medieval anthropological issues, since they encompass an entanglement of numerous doctrinal influences from BuridanianDe animacommentaries to John Wyclif’s theories. The paper delineates several conceptual tensions regarding the nature of the intellect, e.g., between materialism (entailed by the emphasis on the intellect’s inherence in the body) and personal immortality. It presents several strategies Prague masters employed to overcome these tensions. For example, an anonymous participant of the 1409quodlibetdevelops the Buridanian distinction between the rationally demonstrable materialist tendency and the indemonstrable “catholic truth” about the intellect both inhering in and separable from the body. On the other hand, Wyclif’s adherents (Jacob of Mies and another anonymous master) postulate an immortal spirit hypostatically united to each human being beside the human soul educed from the potency of the matter. Yet, the boundaries between the doctrinal standpoints in question seem permeable, whereby a rigid definition of antagonistic groups in late medieval Prague intellectual milieu (e.g., Buridanians vs Wycliffites) is rendered ineffective.
Electromagnetic radiation from axion condensates in a time dependent magnetic field
Authors: Sen Srimoyee , Sivertsen Lars 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Time dependent magnetic fields can be sourced by spinning neutron stars, orbiting binaries and merging neutron stars. We consider electromagnetic radiation from axion condensates in the background of an alternating magnetic field. We find that a resonant peak in radiation can occur when the frequency of the alternating magnetic field is comparable with the axion mass scale. More interestingly, in situations where the frequency of the alternating magnetic field itself changes with time, as can be the case in binary mergers due to a steady increase in orbital frequency, the resonant peak in radiation may occur for a range of axion mass scales scanned by the time-varying magnetic field frequency.
Long-Term Trend Analysis in the Solar Radiation and Climate Experiment (SORCE)/Spectral Irradiance Monitor (SIM)
Authors: Harder Jerald W. , Béland Stéphane , Penton Steven , Woods Thomas N. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe Solar Radiation and Climate Experiment/Spectral Irradiance Monitor (SORCE/SIM) instrument was launched on 25 January 2003 with mission termination occurring on 25 February 2020. The SORCE/SIM provides a unique data set of the variability in solar spectral irradiance (SSI) during the descending phase of Solar Cycle 23 (SC23) from April 2003 to February 2009, the weaker solar-maximum conditions of SC24, and the quiescent SC24/SC25 minimum. The determination of the magnitude and phase of SSI variations rely on the unambiguous determination of the effects of the space environment and solar-exposure-related degradation mechanisms. The instrument-only corrections for SIM are based on a comparison of two functionally identical (mirror image) prism spectrometers with four independent detectors in each spectrometer channel. The degradation correction is strictly instrumental in its methodology and makes no assumptions about the magnitude, slope, or wavelength dependence of the SSI variability.
Vertical-horizontal distinction in resolving the abstraction, hierarchy, and generality problems of the mechanistic account of physical computation
Authors: Kuokkanen Jesse 
Published: June 2022

AbstractDescriptive abstraction means omission of information from descriptions of phenomena. In this paper, I introduce a distinction between vertical and horizontal descriptive abstraction. Vertical abstracts away levels of mechanism or organization, while horizontal abstracts away details within one level of organization. The distinction is implicit in parts of the literature, but it has received insufficient attention and gone mainly unnoticed. I suggest that the distinction can be used to clarify how computational descriptions are formed in some variants of the mechanistic account of physical computation. Furthermore, I suggest that, if this suggestion is adopted, it can be used to resolve what I call abstraction, hierarchy, and generality problems raised against mechanistic account of physical computation. According to the abstraction problem, the mechanistic account of physical computation is conceptually confused in claiming that physical systems process computational, abstract properties. An existing solution distinguishes between descriptive and metaphysical abstraction, suggesting that the abstraction problem unnecessarily postulates metaphysically abstract entities. The solution has been criticized for leading to what I call hierarchy and generality problems: it results in two separate hierarchies, one physical and one computational, making it problematic both to account for the generality of computational descriptions and to specify how the two hierarchies are related to each other. Adopting the vertical-horizontal distinction and the view that computational descriptions are achieved by horizontal abstraction allows one to account for the generality of computational descriptions, and to form a single hierarchy in which there are no separate hierarchies in need of integration.
Viewer types in game live streams: questionnaire development and validation
Authors: Schuck Patrick , Altmeyer Maximilian , Krüger Antonio , Lessel Pascal 
Published: June 2022

AbstractProducing and consuming live-streamed content is a growing trend attracting many people today. While the actual content that is streamed is diverse, one especially popular context is games. Streamers of gaming content broadcast how they play digital or analog games, attracting several thousand viewers at once. Previous scientific work has revealed that different motivations drive people to become viewers, which apparently impacts how they interact with the offered features and which streamers’ behaviors they appreciate. In this paper, we wanted to understand whether viewers’ motivations can be formulated as viewer types and systematically measured. We present an exploratory factor analysis (followed by a validation study) with which we developed a 25-item questionnaire assessing five different viewer types. In addition, we analyzed the predictive validity of the viewer types for existing and potential live stream features. We were able to show that a relationship between the assessed viewer type and preferences for streamers’ behaviors and features in a stream exists, which can guide fellow researchers and streamers to understand viewers better and potentially provide more suitable experiences.
Impact of Patient Navigation on Population-Based Breast Screening: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials
Authors: Tian Lu , Huang Lei , Liu Jie , Li Xia , Ajmal Aisha , Ajmal Maryam , Yao Yunjin , Tian Li 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Unsatisfactory cancer screening results are often associated with poor prognosis. This study synthesized the literatures addressing the impact of patient navigation (PN) interventions on population-based breast cancer screening promotion to identify characteristics of the model for addressing breast cancer disparities.

Methods
We searched Pubmed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Central Registry from inception to 31 December 2020 for randomized controlled trials (PROSPERO: CRD42021246890). We double blindly abstracted data and assessed study quality. We assessed screening completion rates and diagnostic resolution using random-effects models between those receiving navigation and controls.

Results
Of 236 abstracts identified, 15 studies met inclusion criteria. Nine of the papers evaluated the impact of PN on breast screening, while the other six were on the resolution of abnormal screening results. Compared to the non-PN group, PN improved screening completion (OR: 2.0, 95% CI: 1.4–2.8]) and shortened the time to diagnosis (WMD: − 9.90 days, 95% CI: − 19.09 to − 0.71).

Conclusions
Patient navigation improves breast cancer screening rates but does not improve resolution of abnormal tests.
Islamischer Religionsunterricht (IRU) in Deutschland im Spannungsfeld von Religion, Bildung, Politik und Gesellschaft
Authors: Körs Anna , Haddad Laura , Wagner Constantin , Akbaba Yalız 
Published: June 2022

ZusammenfassungDer Beitrag liefert auf Grundlage eines Forschungsreviews erstmals einen systematischen und differenzierten Überblick zur empirischen Befundlage zum islamischen Religionsunterricht (IRU) in Deutschland. Der IRU erweist sich zunehmend als Gegenstand einer dezidiert empirischen, disziplinübergreifenden Forschung, in der sich die mehrdimensionale Interessenlage ihm gegenüber spiegelt, sich im Bildungssystem zu etablieren und gleichzeitig integrationspolitischen Ansprüchen gerecht zu werden. Dabei wird sowohl unmittelbar gegenstandbezogenes als auch kontextuelles Wissen zum IRU generiert, wobei die Forschung häufig eher (extrinsisch) auf den IRU im Verhältnis zur Gesellschaft und dessen Legitimation, Akzeptanz und Nutzen und weniger (intrinsisch) auf das Verstehen und die Entwicklung des IRU ausgerichtet ist. Daraus resultieren drei zentrale Erkenntnisse: Erstens liefert die bisherige Forschung wichtige Befunde, erlaubt jedoch kaum verlässliche und verallgemeinerbare Aussagen zum IRU hinsichtlich seiner gesellschaftlichen Situiertheit und (integrativen) Wirkung. Zweitens wird die auf das Verstehen und die Entwicklung des IRU gerichtete eher intrinsische Forschung teilweise durch Integrationsimperative überlagert und stellt weiterhin ebenso ein wichtiges Desiderat dar. Drittens ist die Forschung zum IRU stark am Status Quo orientiert und thematisiert kaum Fragen der zukünftigen Entwicklungen und Herausforderungen einer zunehmend multireligiösen säkularen Gesellschaft. Der Beitrag versteht sich damit als Momentaufnahme und zugleich Impulsgeber der IRU-Forschung, die sowohl Spiegel wie auch mögliche Triebkraft der Entwicklungen im Feld des IRU sein kann.