bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multiobjective Intuitionistic Fuzzy Optimization Approach in optimal Irrigation Planning and Operation of Reservoir
Authors: Pawar Sangita Vilas , Patel Premlal L. , Mirajkar Ashwini B. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The present study includes the formulation of a Multiobjective Intuitionistic Fuzzy Linear Programming model for optimal scheduling of crops in the command area of the Ukai-Kakrapar Irrigation project, Gujarat, India. The crisp linear programming approach has been used to obtain the optimal solutions of four conflicting objectives, viz., maximization of net irrigation benefits, employment generation, minimization of cost of cultivation, and maximization of revenue generation from industrial and municipal supplies. The crisp solutions were, in turn, used to develop Intuitionistic Fuzzy Optimization Multiobjective fuzzy linear programming (IFO MOFLP), IFO MOFLP with hesitation index, and two-phase IFO MOFLP (TPIFO MOFLP) models. The performance of IFO MOFLP, IFO MOFLP with hesitation index, and TPIFO MOFLP models are compared in terms of the degree of acceptance, degree of rejection, and hesitation index for inflows at 75% probability of exceedance. The results obtained from IFO MOFLP, IFO MOFLP with hesitation index, and TPIFO MOFLP are also compared with the Compromised MOFLP (Average Operator Case-I) solutions given by Mirajkar and Patel (2016) for the same command area. The irrigation intensity for the entire command area from the proposed TPIFO MOFLP model (112.19%) is considerably higher than those obtained from the Average Operator Case-I (104.60%) model proposed by Mirajkar and Patel (2016). The net irrigation benefits, employment generation, cost of cultivation, and revenue generation from municipal and industrial supplies, resulting from the proposed TPIFO MOFLP model are Rs 10,836.19 million, 34,980.4 thousand workdays, Rs 5,672.23 million, and Rs 2,314.03 million, respectively along with the degree of acceptance, α = 0.68, degree of rejection, β = 0.19 and degree of hesitation, π = 0.13. The corresponding values reported from the Compromised MOFLP model (Average Operator Case-I) (Mirajkar and Patel,2016) were Rs 11,058.27 million, 33,414.62 thousand workdays, Rs 5,622.20 million, and Rs 2,686.25 million, respectively. The releases from the reservoir corresponding to the proposed TPIFO MOFLP model are comparatively lesser than the Compromised MOFLP (Average Operator Case-I) model, indicating the optimal allocation of available water in the command area. Apart from giving better values of selected objective functions, the proposed model also gives additional uncertainty measures like degree of acceptance, degree of rejection, and degree of hesitation which would help the planner to make better decisions for a real-world problem.
An Efficient Fault Detection and Exclusion Method for Ephemeris Monitoring
Authors: Jiang Yiping , Li Wang 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
With multiple ground reference stations, the double differenced carrier phase (DDCP) observation can be used to detect a faulty satellite caused by an ephemeris fault, taking advantage of the residual spatial gradient. Assuming only a single satellite can be faulty at a time, it is necessary to distinguish whether the fault comes from a reference satellite (RS) or a non-reference satellite (NRS) in DDCP. Using the current fault detection and exclusion (FDE) method of ephemeris faults in ground-based augmentation system, before an NRS can be tested in real-time by the DDCP, the RS is pre-validated using the previous ephemeris for the newly acquired and re-acquired satellites. To obtain the test risks with this method, it is described in detail and further developed here. Considering that current test method is designed to test a single satellite in one test statistics, we present an efficient FDE method to test both RS and NRS simultaneously in real-time saving the effort to pre-validate RS. To facilitate application of the new method for purpose of integrity monitoring, the test risks and protection level are also bounded.
Chromatographic fingerprinting combined with chemometric methods for the quality evaluation of tea blending using gas chromatography– massspectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry
Authors: Mao Shihong , Qiu Taotao , Lian Xueyan , Liao Xueli , Tong Huarong 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The quality of tea, evaluated by its aroma and taste, determines its market value. It is crucial for enterprises to ensure that desired flavors appear in a certain concentration in the tea products, making it to be well liked in specific consumer groups. In this study, fingerprinting approach combined with multivariate statistical analysis were recommended as a promising prospective methodology in obtaining comprehensive quality control of tea flavor, and optimizing tea blending scheme. Six batches of Chuanhong Congou black raw tea from different batches, Camellia cultivars, plucking season, and grades were selected for blending, and 17 blended tea samples were obtained by uniform mixing design. The chromatographic fingerprints of Chuanhong Congou black tea were established by 59 volatiles and 26 aroma–active compounds using gas chromatography–massspectrometry (GC–MS) combine with gas chromatography–olfactometry (GC–O), respectively. Considering the results of sensory evaluation, volatiles fingerprint was fully reflect the comprehensive aroma quality of Congou black tea. 19 compounds were determined as the key factors for the aroma quality control by partial least squares (PLS) regression combined with the variable importance in the projection (VIP) scores. They were (Z)–3–hexenal, heptaldehyde, benzaldehyde, (E)–linalool oxide (furan type), rose ether, (Z)–5–methyl–2–(1–methylethyl)–cyclohexanon, benzyl acetate, decanal, β–cyclocitral, nerol, citronellol, (Z)–3,7–dimethyloctyl–2,6–dienal, valeric acid Leaf alcohol ester, 1–hexadecene, (E)–3,7–dimethyloctano–2,6–dienal, pentyl caproate, ethyl nonanoate, citronellyl acetate and β–ionone. Due to the existence of sensory differential thresholds and interaction of the aroma compounds, sensory evaluation still played an irreplaceable role in the quality evaluation of tea. The chromatographic fingerprints combined with chemometrics could be considered as an extended methodology in providing directions for optimizing blending scheme.
Tinea capitis in infants younger than two years old: a retrospective study and treatment recommendations
Authors: Song Ge , Zhang Meijie , Kong Xue , Liu Weida , Liang Guanzhao 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background: Tinea capitis (TC) is a dermatophytosis of the scalp and hair, which occurs less common in infants younger than two years of age, and the data of TC in this age group are still unknown.
Objectives: We aimed to reveal the epidemiological, clinical and mycological characteristics of TC in infants.
Methods: We retrospectively analyzed all reported cases of TC in infants in their first two years of life from 1991 to 2022, by searching PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, CNKI, Wanfang and Weipu databases.
Results: A total of 47 articles involving 126 cases of infant TC were enrolled in this study. The sex ratio (M/F) was 1.28:1. Infants were between ten days old and two years old with a median age of three months. The main clinical manifestations were alopecic patches (40 cases, 31.7%) and scaling (39 cases, 31.0%) on the scalp, and 29 infants (23.0%) appeared kerion. The most common sources of contagion were animals (35 cases, 27.78%) and humans (31 cases, 24.60%). The leading pathogens were Microsporidium canis(64 cases, 50.79%), followed by Trichophyton violaceum (13 cases,10.32%), T. mentagrophytes complex (12 cases, 9.52%) and T. tonsurans (10 cases, 7.94%). Ninety-five infants (75.40%) were treated with systemic antifungal drugs and 22 patients (17.46%) were only treated with topical therapy. All patients were cured after treatment. Only one infant (0.79%) relapsed after treatment with griseofulvin 20 mg/kg/d for two months and one case (0.79%) presented with gastrointestinal from griseofulvin, who got better after stopping this drug.
Conclusion: The principal clinical symptoms of TC in infants were alopecic patches and scaling. The top four pathogens were M. canis, T. violaceum, T. mentagrophytes complex and T. tonsurans. Oral treatment for TC in infants had achieved good therapeutic effects, and topical therapy can be an alternative choice.
Unified critical state model for soils in the framework of subloading surface theory with kinematic hardening
Authors: Wang Xiaowen , Yuan Ran , Cui Kai 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This paper presents a unified critical state model to predict the kinematic hardening behaviours and elasto-plastic deformations within the yield surface of soils on the basis of clay and sand model (CASM), which is named as CASM-kⅡ. The newly proposed model introduces a kinematic hardening rule following the subloading surface theory, where the plastic modulus is continuous and can be simply obtained through consistency conditions, e.g., conventional elasto-plastic models. By introducing three new model constants to those material properties of the standard CASM for describing the isotropic and kinematic hardening behaviour in the loading process, the mechanical responses of soils can be flexibly captured, and the identification strategy of material constants in CASM-kⅡ is proposed. It has been demonstrated that CASM-kII is able to capture the mechanical behaviors of both sand and over-consolidated clay subjected to monotonic and cyclic loading under drained and undrained conditions.
Research on the Drivers of Agricultural Carbon Emissions and Decoupling Effects in Jiangsu Province, China
Authors: hu Chao , Fan Jin 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This paper measures and analyzes the characteristics of changes in agricultural carbon emissions, structure and intensity from 2005 to 2020 based on agricultural input-output data, explores the drivers of agricultural carbon emissions using the LMDI model, and uses the TAPIO decoupling model to explore the relationship between agricultural economic development and agricultural carbon emissions in Jiangsu province. The research indicate that: (1) From 2005 to 2020, the agricultural carbon emissions in Jiangsu Province showed a three-stage change of "decline - rise - decline", with an average annual decrease of 0.34%; Carbon emissions per 10,000 yuan of total agricultural output value decreased from 701.43 kg in 2005 to 215.96 kg in 2020, with an average annual decrease of 7.55%. (2) The factors of agricultural production efficiency, agricultural production structure and agricultural labor scale all contribute to agricultural carbon emission reduction to different degrees, while the factors of agricultural economic level and total population contribute to agricultural carbon emission reduction to different degrees. (3) The decoupling elasticity index of agricultural carbon emissions and agricultural economic level in Jiangsu Province lies between -3.3217 and 3.6546, and the decoupling types are mainly weak and strong decoupling. According to our research results, agricultural production efficiency should be improved, the structure of the plantation industry should be optimized, and the transfer of agricultural labor to secondary and tertiary industries should be promoted in order to promote high-quality development of agriculture.
Increased dryland wheat soil water storage during summer fallow by plastics and straw mulch, relationships with rainfall and soil temperature
Authors: Zhao Hubing , Wang Tao , Dou Yingxia , Yang Huimin 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background and aim
In dryland wheat production, soil water storage under plastics mulch (PM) and straw mulch (SM) is dependent on rainfall and soil temperature during the summer fallow period. Therefore, there is a need to further explore relationships between soil water storage with cumulative rainfall amounts and soil temperature under SM and PM after rainfall events during the summer fallow.
Methods
we performed a field experiment with three treatments of PM, SM and CK.
Results
The soil water storage under PM and SM showed significant positive linear correlation with cumulative rainfall amounts. We estimated that 1 mm rainfall contributed to 0.687 and 0.637 mm of water stored in soil under SM in 2020 and 2021, respectively, while for PM it was 0.672 and 0.607 mm, respectively. The soil water storage under PM and SM had a significant quadratic relationship with cumulative soil temperature. The maximum amounts of soil water storage were 568.2 mm and 582.7 mm when soil cumulative temperature reached 1684.7 ℃ and 1670.5 ℃ for PM and SM in 2020, respectively. The minimum soil water storage values were 364.1 mm and 375.0 mm when soil cumulative temperature reached 549.4 ℃ and 551.3 ℃ for treatments of PM and SM in 2021, respectively. The contribution rates of rainfall amounts to soil water storage was more important than soil temperature.
Conclusion
The findings may help to understand the relationships between soil water storage with rainfall amounts and soil temperature under PM and SM during the summer fallow period.
Slope geometry optimization considering groundwater drawdown scenarios at an open-pit phosphate mine, southeastern Brazil
Authors: Borges Rubia P. , Bacellar Luis de A. P. , Grasso Carla B , Gomes Guilherme J. C. , Gomes Ruan G. S. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The design of open-pit mines should balance safety and economy. However, safe geotechnical conditions generally involve redesigning the geometry of slopes and groundwater drawdown, significantly increasing the costs of mining operations. The use of numerical models to simulate groundwater drawdown and slope stability can be an alternative to assess cost-benefit trade-offs for decision-making. This study documents a mining plan using groundwater drawdown scenarios that illustrate how geotechnical, economic, and environmental indicators can be combined to obtain optimum slope geometry for open-pit mining. The optimization approach analyzed different scenarios of groundwater drawdown for the final pit of a phosphate mine to improve the pit slopes stability. The groundwater simulation scenarios included the combination of deep horizontal drains and pumping wells. Stability analyzes using the limit equilibrium method were used to obtain the bench, inter-ramp, and overall factors of safety of different representative sections. The factors of safety obtained, the drawdown costs and the water table elevation of each section were selected as indicators for obtaining the optimal drawdown scenario using a multi-objective tool. The groundwater control system obtained with 11 horizontal drains and 1 pumping well was considered the most adequate from the geotechnical and economic perspectives. Slope geometry optimization obtained with this drawdown scenario led to adequate inter-ramp and overall safety factors for the final pit design, reducing the barren-to-ore ratio to 0.38, much less than the present ratio (≈ 3). The results are important for optimizing the slope geometry of open-pit mines and can be replicated in other regions.
Association between IL-1 β polymorphism (rs16944) and Biomarkers levels in Iraqi patients with prostate cancer
Authors: Abed Arwa Shtaiwi , Mokdad-Gargouri Raja , Raoof Waad Mahmood 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Objective: Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second-leading cause of mortality in men and the most commonly diagnosed non-cutaneous male malignancy. Host genetic factors, such as inflammation-induced cytokines, play a key role in prostate oncogenesis. Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNP) in cytokine genes were suggested to increase the susceptibility for PCa development and progression. This study aimed to investigate the association between the SNP (rs16944) in the interleukin-1b (IL-1β) gene, and different parameters in patients with PCa and healthy controls in Iraq.Methods: Taqman Real Time-PCR, was performed to investigate the IL-1b (rs16944) polymorphism in 100 Iraqi males with PCa and 50 age-matched healthy controls in a case–control study. Serum levels of PSA, prolactine (PRL) and testosterone (T) were determined by ELISA and FIA, and associated with the IL-1b level in the serum as well as the SNP (rs 16944). Clinico-pathological parameters were also associated with the genotype distribution in PCa patients.Results: There was significant increase in the mean serum IL-1b level in PCa cases compared to controls (P =8.19 10-7). Serum levels for other biomarkers such as PSA, PRL were significantly elevated in cancer cases compared to controls (P<0.0001), however, serum T level was found to be lowered in PCa group (T＜3.85 ng/ml). The heterozygous GA genotype was more frequent in patients compared with controls (47 vs. 42%; OR =1.22), and the A allele was more frequent in the PCa group (OR= 1.35). Furthermore, significant increase in IL-1b, PSA, PRL, and T levels in PCa cases were observed only among patients carrying GA genotype. On the other hand, in patients, the GA and AA genotypes associated with aggressive behavior (advanced TNM and high Gleason score) of the disease and elevated IL-1b ,PSA ,PRL levels in the serum.Conclusion: Our data suggests that both serum IL-1b level and IL-1β (rs16944) may be considered as candidate biomarkers for PCa, and the GA, and AA genotypes carriers along with high levels of IL-1b, PSA and PRL, low T levels have an elevated risk and aggressive behavior for PCa in Iraqi men.
Pattern and predictors of mortality in emergency department of Saint Paul Hospital millennium medical college Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: retrospective study.
Authors: Dode Woldesenbet , Alemayehu Girma , Tebebe Bethlehem , Getachew Tesfaye , Tigistu Selamawit , Aklog Etsegent , Teklewold Rediat , Getahun Zelalem , Enyaw Belyou 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background:
As we live in a world of evidence-based medicine and public health, the stated goal of achieving a remarkable acute care system necessitates regressive managerial oversight and intervention based on science. The purpose of this study was to examine the pattern and determinants of all-cause mortality at St. Paul Hospital. Emergency Department at Millennium Medical College
Methods:
Data were gathered retrospectively from patient records from January 1, 2020 through June 30, 2022. SPSS Version 25 was used to analyze the data. The Chi-square test, as well as binary and multiple logistic regression analysis, were used to determine the relationship between variables of interest and early emergency mortality. To determine the significant factors, P-values of 0.05 and AOR with % CI were applied.
Result:
In 2 and half years’, 22,982, clients visited the ED and death within 24 hours 173 (44%) and 158 (42%) died after 24 hours of ED stay. Sepsis or septic shock (16.8%), respiratory (12.1%) and renal and (11.3%) and cardiovascular disease (11.1%) accounts for top 4 causes of deaths. Orange triage category (p-value 0.022 AOD=0.101, 95% CI 0.014-0.718), duration of C/C <3h (p-value 0.003 AOR = 0.101, 95% CI: 0.03– 1.368), duration of C/C 3-6h (p-value 0.002 AOR = 0.121, 95% CI: 0.031–0.477)), duration of C/C 6-12h (p-value 0.02 AOR = 0.065, 95% CI: 0.011–0.371), duration of C/C12-24h (p-value 0.00 AOR = 0.085, 95% CI: 0.025–0.291), duration of C/C 3-4 days (p-value 0.049 AOR = 4.601, 95% CI: 4.601–20.978), and cause of death being respiratory (p-value 0.046 AOR = 0.124, 95% CI: 0.016–0.959), liver (p-value 0.027 AOR = 0.085, 95% CI: 0.01–0.758), DM and its complication (p-value 0.029 AOR = 0.067, 95% CI: 0.066–0.754), and severe anemia (p-value 0.026 AOR = 0.059, 95% CI: 0.005–0.715) found to be associated with less likely probability of deaths within 24 hours.
Conclusion:
In the emergency department, the mortality burden of sepsis/septic shock, respiratory, hepatic, and cardiovascular disorders is high. Males had such a greater rate of early ED mortality.
Prevalence of Diabetic Retinopathy and Vision-threatening Diabetic Retinopathy in Adults With Diabetes in China
Authors: Hou Xuhong , Wang Limin , Zhu Dalong , Guo Lixin , Weng Jianping , Zhang Mei , Zhou Zhi-Guang , Zou Dajin , Ji Qiuhe , Guo Xiaohui , Wu Qiang , Chen Siyu , Yu Rong , Chen Hongli , Huang Zhengjing , Zhang Xiao , Wu Jiarui , Wu Jing , Jia Weiping 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The first national cross-sectional survey of diabetic complications was conducted in Chinese adults with diabetes aged 18–74 years between 2018 and 2020 with a multistage sampling scheme. 50564 participants with gradable non-mydriatic fundus photographs were included in this study. The national prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and vision-threatening DR (VTDR) was 16.3% (95% confidence interval [CI] 15.3%-17.2%) and 3.2% (2.9%-3.5%), respectively. However, only a minority of participants with DR (non-VTDR: 9.4%, VTDR: 32.8%) reported being diagnosed with DR before this survey. The prevalence of DR and VTDR substantially varied across 31 provinces and was higher in the north than in the south. The differences in prevalence of any DR and VTDR between those who have attained a given metabolic goal and those who have not were more pronounced for Hemoglobin A1c than for blood pressure and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Multiple factors were associated with the presence and severity of DR.
Rapid determination of 48 stimulant residues in milk and dairy products by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole/Orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry
Authors: Shi Yanjing , Zhang Yali , He Qiang , Zhang Lu , Jin Meng 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
A fast and easy method was proposed for the determination and quantification of 48 stimulants in milk and dairy products by high-performance liquid chromatography, coupled with quadrupole/electrostatic field Orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry (Q/Exactive). The sample was extracted with 0.1% formic acid acetonitrile solution, purified on an EMR solid-phase extraction column, separated on a C18 column, and eluted with acetonitrile and 0.1% formic acid aqueous solution as the mobile phases. The determination was performed by mass spectrometry in electrospray ion source (ESI) mode and monitored in parallel by reaction monitoring full scan/data-dependent secondary scan (Full MS/dd-MS2) mode. The quantification of the 48 stimulants was linear in the range of 1.0 ng/mL–200.0 ng/mL, with correlation coefficients (R2) greater than 0.99. The recovery rate, as determined from the standard addition to the actual sample, ranged from 61.0% to 119.7%; the RSD ranged from 0.9% to 10.0%; the detection limit of the method was 2.5–50.0 μg/kg, and the quantitative limit was 5.0–100.0 μg/kg. The method is simple, accurate, and can be used for high-throughput rapid screening of multiple stimulants.