bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
El COVID-19 y el incremento de femicidios durante el año 2020 en Ecuador
Authors: Llamuca-Llamuca David Fernando , Ayala-Gavilanes Pricila Liseth , Luna-Vaca Jairo David , Iglesias-Quintana Jannet Ximena 
Published: July 2022

Se tiene por objetivo analizar el COVID-19 y el incremento de femicidios durante el año 2020 en Ecuador. Para dicho fin, se dispuso de dos ejes argumentativos donde el primero se basó en buscar la información más relevante sobre el Femicidio, y el segundo, los casos de Femicidio acontecidos en el año 2020; por lo cual se indicará los porcentajes respectivos emitidos por la fiscalía general del Estado. A su vez se aplicó el uso diversos métodos como el exploratorio, gramatical, y descriptivo. Los hallazgos obtenidos arrojaron notablemente como el Femicidio es una gran problemática dentro de la sociedad y que además durante la pandemia Covid-19 han incrementado de manera alarmante. En la actualidad el Femicidio lleva a la destrucción no solo de la sociedad sino de un componente muy importante de la misma, que es la familia.
Faktor Resiko Fraud Terhadap Kecurangan Pelaporan Keuangan Berdasarkan Theory Fraud Pentagon
Authors: Felicia Yohanna 
Published: July 2022

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis faktor risiko penipuan pada pelaksanaan kecurangan pelaporan keuangan berdasarkan tentang teori kecurangan pentagon. Populasi penelitian ini adalah perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) periode 2014-2016. Sampel penelitian diambil dengan purposive sampling. Data analisis menggunakan regresi logistik. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa perubahan direktur yang mempengaruhi kecurangan pelaporan keuangan, sementara stabilitas keuangan, target keuangan, tekanan eksternal, sifat industri, pergantian auditor, jumlah foto anggota CEO, dualitas CEO tidak berpengaruh pada kecurangan pelaporan keuangan.
Kata Kunci : Kecurangan pelaporan keuangan, Teori Fraud Pentagon, Kecurangan.
Method to detect carbon in silicon crystals in the concentration range down to 5 × 1014 cm−3 by Fourier transform infrared absorption at room temperature
Authors: Tajima Michio , Fujimori Hiroyuki , Takeda Ryuji , Kawai Naoyuki J. , Ishihara Noriyuki 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The procedure of Fourier transform infrared absorption (FT-IR) at room temperature for quantifying C impurities in Si crystals was reexamined to improve the detection limit down to 5 × 1014 cm−3. Since the substitutional C absorption peak overlaps with a strong two-phonon absorption, the difference spectroscopy is necessary with using a C-lean reference sample. A baseline flatness of less than 0.0005 in absorbance and a thickness uniformity of less than 0.001 mm are required to realize a detection limit of 5 × 1014 cm−3 for 2 mm thick samples. To check the flatness, we define the Si/Si baseline which is the difference in the absorbance spectra measured twice with the removal and attachment of the same Si sample. Four organizations participated in the FT-IR round-robin test for ten samples with the C concentration ranging from 3.6 × 1014 to 3.3 × 1015 cm−3. The obtained C concentrations were almost within 30% deviation from the values determined by reliable secondary ion mass spectroscopy.
THE USE OF MODELED TALK TOWARD STUDENTS’ MOTIVATION AND VOCABULARY
Authors: Firman Edi 
Published: July 2022

This study is intended to analyze the use of Modeled Talk towards students’ motivation and vocabulary mastery at the first semester of the seventh grade of SMPN 1 Sakra Barat. This study applied quantitative research method with experimental design. This research was conducted on October to November 2021. The total population of students were 120 students. The study decided two classes as the sample of the research, namely control group and experimental group. In experimental group treated by modeled talk and control group treated by PBL toward students' motivation and vocabulary mastery. Both of the groups had been given pre-test and post-test. The sample was selected by using simple random sampling technique. From this study motivation as dependent variable and also acts as predicator to support students’ vocabulary mastery. The result of data analysis confirmed that the analysis descriptive statistic, there are different in result between post experiment and post control (82.40 > 61.87). it indicates that the use of modeled talk technique effecting the learning target, meanwhile, the ANOVA analysis claims that the value of data analysis underlined that f-value of motivation higher that α = 0.05 (f-value = 49,22 > 0.05). in this point the Ho which is should be rejected is accepted, which means that there is no effect between modeled and motivation. Regarding to the vocabulary score and data analysis, it is known that f-value also > 0.05, which is indicate the acceptance of Ho (Null Hypothesis). In correlational point between motivation and vocabulary, the analysis proves that there is no significant correlation between students' motivation and vocabulary mastery, it could be seen from the value result f-value = 0.10 with p-value (sig.) = 0.752 > 0.05. this result confirms that alternative hypothesis is rejected. Therefore, the use of modeled talk has no significant effect toward students' motivation and vocabulary mastery.
The Professor V. S. Ustinovʼs contribution to the formation and development of Russian political criminology: on the 80th anniversary of the teacher
Authors: Kabanov Pavel 
Published: July 2022

The paper describes the contribution of the famous Russian criminologist, Professor Valery Samuilovich Ustinov to the formation and development of Russian political criminology as a branch of criminological knowledge. His scientific works of different years related to the study of organized political crime, the ideas and proposals expressed in them, which influenced the formation and further development of Russian political criminology, are analyzed.
It is proved that the contribution of V. S. Ustinov to the development of domestic political criminology is associated not only with his studies of the phenomenon of political crime, but also with the scientific guidance of his students in such studies. The introduction of the political and criminological term “totalitarian crime” into scientific circulation led to the beginning of the formation of a new scientific direction of criminological totalitarianism in the post-Soviet space. He trained highly qualified specialists who are engaged in the development of domestic political criminology.
A Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Accompanied with Myelodysplastic Syndrome, Grave’s Disease, and Sub-Acute Subdural Hemorrhage: A Case Report
Authors: Suarjana I Nyoman , Anggrada K. Utomo  
Published: July 2022

Background: The systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a disease of autoimmune etiology affecting multiple systems, involving most commonly females of the reproductive age group and different clinical manifestations in each individual.
Case presentation: A 23-year-old female patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) presented with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), Grave’s disease, and sub-acute subdural hemorrhage (SDH). She had chief complaints of severe headache and gum bleeding. Three weeks earlier, the patient experienced a head injury. SLE was diagnosed on biological and immunological clinical ACR criteria and the patient never had a therapy before. Bone marrow aspiration (BMA) test was performed with MDS result. Thyroid function test was performed with the result of decreased Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) and increased FT4 with diffused enlargement of thyroid gland. Brain CT Scan resulted in sub-acute SDH with midline shift of 1.13 cm to the left. The patient underwent subdural drainage with local anesthesia and received steroid, azathioprine, thiamazole and non- selective beta-blocker. She was hospitalized for 21 days and was discharged with good condition.
Conclusion: Further investigation of the patient is needed to fully understand the correlation between MDS, Subdural Hemorrhage and Grave’s Disease in associated with SLE.
A computational process-tracing method for measuring people’s planning strategies and how they change over time
Authors: Jain Yash Raj , Callaway Frederick , Griffiths Thomas L. , Dayan Peter , He Ruiqi , Krueger Paul M. , Lieder Falk 
Published: July 2022

AbstractOne of the most unique and impressive feats of the human mind is its ability to discover and continuously refine its own cognitive strategies. Elucidating the underlying learning and adaptation mechanisms is very difficult because changes in cognitive strategies are not directly observable. One important domain in which strategies and mechanisms are studied is planning. To enable researchers to uncover how people learn how to plan, we offer a tutorial introduction to a recently developed process-tracing paradigm along with a new computational method for measuring the nature and development of a person’s planning strategies from the resulting process-tracing data. Our method allows researchers to reveal experience-driven changes in people’s choice of individual planning operations, planning strategies, strategy types, and the relative contributions of different decision systems. We validate our method on simulated and empirical data. On simulated data, its inferences about the strategies and the relative influence of different decision systems are accurate. When evaluated on human data generated using our process-tracing paradigm, our computational method correctly detects the plasticity-enhancing effect of feedback and the effect of the structure of the environment on people’s planning strategies. Together, these methods can be used to investigate the mechanisms of cognitive plasticity and to elucidate how people acquire complex cognitive skills such as planning and problem-solving. Importantly, our methods can also be used to measure individual differences in cognitive plasticity and examine how different types (pedagogical) interventions affect the acquisition of cognitive skills.
Network meta-analysis in psychology and educational sciences: A systematic review of their characteristics
Authors: Fernández-Castilla Belén , Van den Noortgate Wim 
Published: July 2022

AbstractNetwork meta-analysis (NMA) allows the combination of evidence on the effectiveness of several interventions. NMA has mainly been applied in the medical science field, whereas in the domain of psychology and educational sciences its use is less frequent. Consequently, systematic reviews that describe the characteristics of published NMAs are limited to the field of medicine, and nothing is known about the characteristics of NMAs published in the psychology and educational sciences field. However, this information is still relevant for the design of future simulation studies and for detecting good and bad research practices. Thus, this study describes the features of the meta-analytic datasets of NMAs published in the field of psychology and educational sciences, as well as their methodological characteristics, and compares them to those observed in the medical domain. Results show that the number of studies included is larger in NMAs from psychology and educational sciences, the most commonly used effect size is the standardized mean difference (unlike the odds ratio in medicine), the sample size is smaller, more intervention groups are included, and inconsistent effects are observed more often. These results can be used in future simulation studies to generate realistic datasets. Finally, we warn about the poor quality of reporting of some technical aspects of the NMA, such as the statistical model used.
Dust Emission as a Function of Stellar Population Age in the Nearby Galaxy M33
Authors: Mallory Kate , Calzetti Daniela , Lin Zesen 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Dust emission at 8 μm has been extensively calibrated as an indicator of current star formation rate for galaxies and ∼kpc-size regions within galaxies. Yet, the exact link between the 8 μm emission and the young stellar populations in galaxies is still under question, as dust grains can be stochastically heated also by older field stars. In order to investigate this link, we have combined midinfrared images from the Spitzer Space Telescope with a published star cluster candidates catalog for the Local Group galaxy M33. M33 is sufficiently close that the Spitzer's 8 μm images resolve individual regions of star formation. Star clusters represent almost-single-age stellar populations, which are significantly easier to model than more complex mixtures of stars. We find a decrease in the 8 μm luminosity per unit stellar mass as a function of age of the star clusters, with a large scatter that is consistent with varying fractions of stellar light absorbed by dust. The decrease and scatter both confirm findings based on more distant galaxies and are well described by simple models for the dust emission of a young stellar population. We conclude that the dust emission at 8 μm depends sensitively on the age of the stellar population, out to at least the oldest age analyzed here: ∼400 Myr. This dependence complicates the use of the 8 μm emission as a star formation rate indicator, at least for small galactic regions and individual star-forming regions. By leveraging the Spitzer legacy, this investigation paves the way for future explorations with the James Webb Space Telescope.
Theoretical Estimate of the Half-life for the Radioactive 134Cs and 135Cs in Astrophysical Scenarios
Authors: Taioli Simone , Vescovi Diego , Busso Maurizio , Palmerini Sara , Cristallo Sergio , Mengoni Alberto , Simonucci Stefano 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
We analyze the

55

134

Cs

→

56

134

Ba and

55

135

Cs

→

56

135

Ba β
− decays, which are crucial production channels for Ba isotopes in asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars. We calculate, starting from relativistic quantum mechanics, the effects of multichannel scattering onto weak decays, including nuclear and electronic excited states (ESs) populated above ≃10 keV, for both parent and daughter nuclei. We find increases in the half-lives for T > 108 K (by more than a factor of 3 for 134Cs) as compared to previous works based on systematics. We also discuss our method in view of these previous calculations. An important impact on half-lives comes from nuclear ES decays, while including electronic temperatures yields further increases of about 20% at energies of 10–30 keV, typical of AGB stars of moderate mass (M ≲ 8 M
⊙). Despite properly considering these effects, the new rates remain sensitively lower than the Takahashi & Yokoi values, implying longer half-lives at least above 8–9 keV. Our rate predictions are in substantial accord with recent results based on the shell model, and strongly modify branching ratios along the s-process path previously adopted. With our new rate, nucleosynthesis models well account for the isotopic admixtures of Ba in presolar SiC grains and in the Sun.
Generalized Peas in a Pod: Extending Intra-system Mass Uniformity to Non-TTV Systems via the Gini Index
Authors: Goyal Armaan V. , Wang Songhu 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
It has been demonstrated that planets belonging to the same close-in, compact multiple-planet system tend to exhibit a striking degree of uniformity in their sizes. A similar trend has also been found to hold for the masses of such planets, but considerations of such intra-system mass uniformity have generally been limited to statistical samples wherein a majority of systems have constituent planetary mass measurements obtained via analysis of transit timing variations (TTVs). Since systems with strong TTV signals typically lie in or near mean motion resonance, it remains to be seen whether intra-system mass uniformity is still readily emergent for nonresonant systems with non-TTV mass provenance. We thus present in this work a mass uniformity analysis of 17 non-TTV systems with masses measured via radial velocity measurements. Using the Gini index, a common statistic for economic inequality, as our primary metric for uniformity, we find that our sample of 17 non-TTV systems displays intra-system mass uniformity at a level of ∼2.5σ confidence. We provide additional discussion of possible statistical and astrophysical underpinnings for this result. We also demonstrate the existence of a correlation (r = 0.25) between characteristic solid surface density (Σ0) of the minimum-mass extrasolar nebula and system mass Gini index, suggesting that more-massive disks may generally form systems with more-unequal planetary masses.
A Unified Spectroscopic and Photometric Model to Infer Surface Inhomogeneity: Application to Luhman 16B
Authors: Plummer Michael K. , Wang 王 Ji 吉 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Extremely large telescopes (ELTs) provide an opportunity to observe surface inhomogeneities for ultracool objects including M dwarfs, brown dwarfs (BDs), and gas giant planets via Doppler imaging and spectrophotometry techniques. These inhomogeneities can be caused by star spots, clouds, and vortices. Star spots and associated stellar flares play a significant role in habitability, either stifling life or catalyzing abiogenesis depending on the emission frequency, magnitude, and orientation. Clouds and vortices may be the source of spectral and photometric variability observed at the L/T transition of BDs and are expected in gas giant exoplanets. We develop a versatile analytical framework to model and infer surface inhomogeneities that can be applied to both spectroscopic and photometric data. This model is validated against a slew of numerical simulations. Using archival spectroscopic and photometric data, we infer starspot parameters (location, size, and contrast) and generate global surface maps for Luhman 16B (an early T dwarf and one of our solar system’s nearest neighbors at a distance of ≈2 pc). We confirm previous findings that Luhman 16B’s atmosphere is inhomogeneous with time-varying features. In addition, we provide tentative evidence of longer timescale atmospheric structures such as dark equatorial and bright midlatitude to polar spots. These findings are discussed in the context of atmospheric circulation and dynamics for ultracool dwarfs. Our analytical model will be valuable in assessing the feasibility of using ELTs to study surface inhomogeneities of gas giant exoplanets and other ultracool objects.
Shock Breakout in Three-dimensional Red Supergiant Envelopes
Authors: Goldberg Jared A. , Jiang 姜 Yan-Fei 燕飞 , Bildsten Lars 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Using Athena++, we perform 3D radiation-hydrodynamic calculations of the radiative breakout of the shock wave in the outer envelope of a red supergiant (RSG) that has suffered core collapse and will become a Type IIP supernova. The intrinsically 3D structure of the fully convective RSG envelope yields key differences in the brightness and duration of the shock breakout (SBO) from that predicted in a 1D stellar model. First, the lower-density “halo” of material outside of the traditional photosphere in 3D models leads to a shock breakout at lower densities than 1D models. This would prolong the duration of the shock breakout flash at any given location on the surface to ≈1–2 hr. However, we find that the even larger impact is the intrinsically 3D effect associated with large-scale fluctuations in density that cause the shock to break out at different radii at different times. This substantially prolongs the SBO duration to ≈3–6 hr and implies a diversity of radiative temperatures, as different patches across the stellar surface are at different stages of their radiative breakout and cooling at any given time. These predicted durations are in better agreement with existing observations of SBO. The longer durations lower the predicted luminosities by a factor of 3–10 (L
bol ∼ 1044 erg s−1), and we derive the new scalings of brightness and duration with explosion energies and stellar properties. These intrinsically 3D properties eliminate the possibility of using observed rise times to measure the stellar radius via light-travel time effects.
Éthique du numérique et marché
Authors: Reis Patrice 
Published: July 2022

Résumé : Les notions de marché, de numérique et d’éthique semblent a priori étrangères les unes aux autres, néanmoins aucun marché ne peut fonctionner sans un minimum de morale ou d’éthique y compris les marchés du numérique. Le recours à l’éthique du numérique sur ces marchés s’explique en grande partie par les difficultés de régulation de ces derniers. L’éthique by design est ainsi appelée à jouer à un rôle dans la construction des marchés et dans le cadre d’une co-régulation.
Saisir la socio-matérialité du droit administratif : juriDict et l’infrastructure juridico-technique du Conseil d’État belge
Authors: Dubois Christophe , Pelssers Lisa 
Published: July 2022

Depuis plus de 15 ans, le Conseil d’État belge publie en ligne ses arrêts et ordonnances de non-admission. La navigation et la recherche dans les banques de données jurisprudentielles de l’auditorat est rendue possible via l’application juriDict . Cette application ouverte et gratuite est devenue un outil incontournable en droit administratif. Considérant juriDict comme un « assemblage socio-matériel », le présent article vise à décrire le travail de conception, de développement, de maintenance et d’utilisation de cet outil permettant au droit de se faire, c’est-à-dire de se lire, de s’écrire et de se diffuser. En se basant sur une recherche sociologique empiriquement ancrée et de nature compréhensive, les auteurs saisissent d’abord les agencements d’acteurs humains et non humains – citoyens, fonctionnaires, juristes, informaticiens, documentalistes, langages, codes, points de droit, moyens, scripts, écrans, souris, algorithmes, etc. – qui composent l’infrastructure juridico-technique de la juridiction administrative. L’analyse rend ensuite compte de la redéfinition des pratiques, des savoirs et des interactions qui permettent au droit d’exister. Cette contribution souligne enfin certaines conditions sociotechniques préservant l’État de droit dans un contexte d’ouverture de l’accès à la justice et au droit.
Wittgenstein. Ce qui ne peut être que vrai
Authors: Diamond Cora 
Published: July 2022

Dans son Introduction au Tractatus de Wittgenstein, Elizabeth Anscombe considérait que le livre avait le défaut d’exclure la proposition « “Quelqu’un” n’est pas le nom de quelqu’un » qu’elle considérait comme évidemment vraie. Ce n’est pas une proposition bipolaire et sa négation n’est pas intelligible. J’examine la question de savoir si elle a raison de dire que le Tractatu s exclut de telles propositions, et je considère son exemple en relation avec d’autres propositions qui, du moins en théorie, n’ont pas de négation intelligible. En considérant le cas particulier de la réponse de Frege à Benno Kerry sur le concept de ‘cheval’, j’essaie de développer une approche de la place que donne la philosophie de Wittgenstein à certains types de proposition qui n’ont pas de négation intelligible.
Introduction: Migrants and Migration in the Eco-Pan-Syndemic Era
Authors: Della Puppa Francesco , Perocco Fabio 
Published: July 2022

In 2021, Dve Domovini / Two Homelands published a special issue entitled The Coronavirus Crisis and Migration (vol. 54), which contained numerous articles on various contexts and specific aspects. Considering the importance of the topic, one year later, Dve Domovini / Two Homelands is devoting a new issue to migration in the pandemic era. In the editorial of issue 54, we analyzed the coronavirus crisis’s origins, characteristics, and social effects. In this editorial, we present an overview of migratory movements and migration policies and the impact on labor and health for immigrants. The current eco-pan-syndemic has produced new elements compared to the pre-COVID era, at the same time consolidating existing phenomena and highlighting old problems. While it has limited, interrupted, and disrupted migratory movements, at the same time, it has deepened the underlying causes of migration by accentuating the need to emigrate.