bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluating the potential of suburban and rural areas for tourism and recreation, including individual short-term tourism under pandemic conditions
Authors: Bielska Anna , Borkowski Andrzej , Czarnecka Adrianna , Delnicki Maciej , Kwiatkowska-Malina Jolanta , Piotrkowska Monika 
Published: August 2022

AbstractLimited mobility and restrictions in social life caused by the COVID-19 pandemic changed people's recreational behaviour and made them seek more contact with nature. As a result, the provision of new recreational spaces in the vicinity of cities gained importance. In conditions of social distancing, rural and suburban areas can be an attractive alternative to individual short-term tourism, satisfying the need for recreation and mental and physical health restoration of urban residents. In the study a methodology for assessing the tourist and recreational potential of the area (METPRET) concerning the recreational behaviours identified in the pandemic was proposed. It includes the Recreational Potential Index (RPI), which comprises four criteria: landscape values and socio-economic conditions; environmental protection; air quality; transportation accessibility. The application of the methodology is exemplified in the Mazovia Voivodeship, Poland. The research allows the determination of characteristics that potential recreation areas should have under pandemic conditions. The RPI makes it possible to select new rural and suburban areas attractive for short-term tourism. Designating additional recreational areas may contribute to the dispersion of users in existing green areas in cities, which is particularly important during a pandemic.
Increased serum homocysteine in first episode and drug-naïve patients with schizophrenia: Sex differences and correlations with pathophysiology
Authors: Yang Xu , Yang Haidong , Li Na , Li Chunyu , Liang Weiye , Zhang Xiaobin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackground Accumulating evidence shows that homocysteine (Hcy) is implicated in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia, and plays an important role in clinical characteristics. This study evaluated the relationships between Hcy levels and clinical features in first-episode, Chinese Han, drug-naïve (FEDN) patients with schizophrenia. Methods FEDN patients (119 with schizophrenia and 81 healthy controls matched for age, sex, education, and body mass index (BMI)) were enrolled. The serum Hcy levels were determined by enzyme cycle assay experiments. Severities of clinical symptoms were rated on the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). Results FEDN patients with schizophrenia had higher Hcy levels compared with healthy controls (F = 46.865, P < 0.001). Correlation analysis and multiple stepwise regression analyses showed that serum Hcy levels in FEDN schizophrenia patients were positively correlated with PANSS general psychopathology subscale (r = 0.294, P = 0.001) and PANSS total score (r = 0.273, P = 0.003). No significant association was found between Hcy and age, BMI, PANSS positive subscale, and the PANSS negative subscale (all, P > 0.05). Male patients had significantly higher serum Hcy levels than female patients (F = 7.717, P = 0.006) after controlling for confounding factors (F = 0.759, P = 0.011). Conclusions Serum Hcy levels were increased in FEDN patients with schizophrenia, and Hcy levels may be involved in pathophysiological mechanisms. Sex differences in Hcy levels were observed, with higher levels in male FEDN patients compared to females.
Androgen supplement did not accelerate tunica albuginea remodeling to facilitate penile growth
Authors: Sun Fa , Li Tao , Jiang Yiting , Jiang Kehua , Tian Ye , Wang Zhen , Ban Yong , Gu Jiang 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Penile size is closely concerned and short penis contributes serious sexual dysfunction and tremendous psychological problems to couples. Androgen is essential for penile development and testosterone replacement is recommended to patients with micropenis. We previously proved that inhibiting activity of lysyl oxidase (Anti-lysyl oxidase, Anti-LOX) combined with vacuum erectile device (VED) lengthened penis by remodeling tunica albuginea. We thus explored whether androgen supplement could accelerate tunica albuginea remodeling (induced by Anti-LOX+VED) to promote penile growth. Forty-two SD male rats (4 weeks old) were purchased and divided into 7 groups: control, Anti-LOX, HCG, VED (with a negative aspirated pressure of -300 mmHg), Anti-LOX+VED, HCG+VED, and Anti-LOX+HCG+VED. After an intervention for 4 weeks, all rats’ penile length, exposed penile length, and erectile function were measured. Serum samples were collected to detect hormone levels and penile corpus cavernosum were harvested for histo-pathological analysis. All intervention groups showed significantly longer penis than controlled rats. Anti-LOX sharply increased penile length and exposed length by 15% and 9% respectively, this lengthening effect was more obvious in Anti-LOX+VED group (26% and 19%, respectively). Although HCG promoted penile length by 8%, this effect was slight for exposed length (3%). Moreover, Anti-LOX+HCG+VED dramatically increased penile length and exposed length by 22% and 18%, respectively, which was similar with that in Anti-LOX+VED (26% and 19%, respectively). HCG dramatically stimulated testosterone and dihydrotestosterone secretions than control group, whether with or without Anti-LOX and VED; while it induced more AR expression than other groups. Finally, all procedures did not improve or deteriorate normal erectile function. Although we verified that Anti-LOX+VED lengthened penis by inducing tunica albuginea remodeling, however, androgen supplement did not synergize with Anti-LOX+VED to accelerate albuginea remodeling to facilitate penile growth.
The Continuous Treatment of Anterior Segment Open Globe Injury: Eye Injury Vitrectomy Study
Authors: Wang Xijuan , Feng Kang , Xie Xin , Ma Zhizhong 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackground:To evaluate whether better prognosis can be obtained from the continuous surgical treatment (CST) before fibrosis /scar formation in open anterior segment (AS) injury.Methods:Prospective cohort study.19 eyes of 19 patients were selected from the database of Eye Injury Vitrectomy Study, which is a multi-center prospective cohort study and began in 1990s, from January 1, 2020 to July 31, 2021. Of these, 9 patients who received CST were assigned to group 1, and 10 patients without continuous treatment after initial wound repairment were included in group 2. Comparison between two groups was conducted in final best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), presumably significant complications with X² test. Corneal leucoma area ratio, astigmatism and score of AS abnormalities were analyzed by Students’ t-test.Results:Gross appearance displays remarkable differences between two groups with observation on AS. The individually paradigm, such as corneal-scleral wound and intraocular abnormalities, can be noted over various post-traumatic time intervals. The final BCVA is better in group 1(P=0.011). The complications directly caused by AS injury, adhesive corneal leucoma, uneven anterior chamber, block of light pass through pupil and fibrosis/scar are more frequent in group 2 (P=0.011, 0.022, 0.037 and 0.040, respectively). Secondary glaucoma (three cases) and severe AS structure destruction (two cases) occurred only in group 2 (P=0.037 and 0.474, respectively).Conclusions:Relying on comprehensive evaluations, advantages of CST of initiating before fibrosis/scar formation in open AS injury show dominance over following nature course of wound healing after wound repairment.
2D carbon network arranged into high-order 3D nanotube arrays on flexible microelectrode: integrated in electrochemical micro-biosensor devices for cancer detection
Authors: Xiao Fei , Sun Yimin , Dong Xulin , Zhang Yan , Chi Kai , Xu Yun , Asif Muhammad , He Wenshan , Liao Kin 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In this work, we develop a new type of mesoporous 2D N, B, P co-doped carbon network (NBP-CNW) arranged into high-order 3D nanotube arrays (NTAs), which is wrapping onto flexible carbon fiber microelectrode and employed as high-performance carbon-based nanocatalyst for electrochemical biosensing. NBP-CNW-NTAs synthesized by a facile, controllable, eco-friendly and sustainable template strategy using ionic liquids as precursors possess high structural stability, large surface area, abundant active sites, and effective charge transport pathways, these dramatically improve their electrocatalytic activity and durability to redox reaction of cancer biomarker H2O2. Benefiting from the unique structural merits, superb electrochemical activity and good biocompatibility, the NBP-CNW-NTAs modified microelectrode demonstrates excellent sensing performances towards H2O2, and can be embed in a homemade microfluidic electrochemical biosensor chip for real-time tracking H2O2 secreted from different live cancer cells with or without radiotherapy treatment, which provides a new strategy to distinguish the types of cancer cells and evaluate the radiotherapeutic efficacy to cancer cells. Furthermore, the functional microelectrode has been integrated into an implantable probe for in situ detection of surgically resected human specimens to identify cancer tissues from the normal one. These will be of vital significance for cancer diagnoses and therapy in clinic practice.
Research on Fusion of Deep Learning Models Based on Microservice Architecture
Authors: Zhang Hang 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Due to the differences in development languages and development frameworks, various difficulties are often faced in the process of integrating microservice architecture and deep learning models. This paper proposes a DND-P (Deep Model in Nacos Discovery Protocol) protocol to realize the rapid integration of deep learning models and microservice architectures. First, this paper selects three representative deep learning models DCN (Deep & Cross Network), DeepFM and xDeepFM in the field of CTR (Click Through Rate) as the research objects, and randomly samples 600,000 of them from the Criteo public data set. The model is trained with 10,000 sample sets to obtain a relatively stable model version. Second, use the Django framework to integrate the trained model as a web application. Finally, the DND-P protocol is directly referenced in Django to implement service registration in the microservice architecture, and the CTR is estimated at the business layer through OpenFeign. Through experiments, it is concluded that the integration of microservice architecture and deep learning model with DND-P protocol can break the barriers between the two, so as to quickly realize the integration of business applications.
Development and Evaluation of Reablement Literacy among Home Health Professionals in Taiwan
Authors: Yu Hsiao-Wei , Chiu Tzu-Ying , Lin Pay-Shin , Wang Mei-Wen 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackground:Taiwan has introduced home health services with a focus on reablement. A structured design for studying the competencies of home health professionals (HHP) providing reablement services merits investigation. This study aimed to (1) develop an assessment scale for reablement literacy among HHP based on Sorensen and colleagues’ framework; and (2) evaluate the performance of reablement literacy among HHP in Taiwan.Methods:We employed a modified Delphi method to develop an assessment scale of reablement literacy for HHP. Initial questions were generated by a focus group of experts and then reviewed through repeated rounds of consensus from a Delphi expert panel. After developing the assessment scale, we used purposive sampling to recruit HHP working in reablement to complete the scale. Study participants also answered questionnaires regarding demographics and work experience (N = 154).Results:Following a three-round Delphi consensus process, the final assessment scale consisted of 32 questions with acceptable reliability and content validity. The results of the test revealed that HHP who had in-person experiences of co-working with home care assistants had better scores than HHP without such co-working experience. Reablement literacy was associated only with work experience providing reablement services specifically and not with clinical health care experience.Conclusions:This evidence-based study examined performance of reablement literacy among HHP providing reablement in Taiwan. In line with Taiwan’s policy of long-term care addressing reablement, there is a need to advance reablement competencies among HHP. To do so, practitioners should emphasize the unique contexts of reablement skills rather than general home health knowledge. Having HHP engage in in-person interdisciplinary collaboration with home care assistants is also likely to advance their reablement competency.
Protocatechuic acid and quercetin attenuate ETEC-caused IPEC-1 cell inflammation and injury associated with inhibition of necroptosis and pyroptosis signaling pathways
Authors: Xiao Kan , Xu Qilong , Lv Qingqing , He Pengwei , Wang Dan , Zhao Jiangchao , Liu Yulan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Necroptosis and pyroptosis are newly identified forms of programmed cell death, which play a vital role in development of many gastrointestinal disorders. Although plant polyphenols have been reported to protect intestinal health, it is still unclear whether there is a beneficial role of plant polyphenols in modulating necroptosis and pyroptosis in intestinal porcine epithelial cell line (IPEC-1) infected with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) K88. This research was conducted to explore whether plant polyphenols including protocatechuic acid (PCA) and quercetin (Que), attenuated inflammation and injury of IPEC-1 caused by ETEC K88 through regulating necroptosis and pyroptosis signaling pathways.
Methods
IPEC-1 cells were treated with PCA (40 µM) or Que (10 µM) in the presence or absence of ETEC K88.
Results
PCA and Que decreased ETEC K88 adhesion and endotoxin level in cell supernatant. PCA and Que increased cell number and decreased lactate dehydrogenases (LDH) activity in cell supernatant. PCA and Que improved transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) and reduced fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled dextran (FD4) flux, and enhanced membrane protein abundance of occludin, claudin-1 and ZO-1, and rescued distribution of these tight junction proteins. PCA and Que also declined cell necrosis ratio. PCA and Que reduced mRNA abundance and concentration of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8, and down-regulated gene expression of toll-like receptors 4 (TLR4) and its downstream signals. PCA and Que down-regulated protein abundance of total receptor interacting protein kinase 1 (t-RIP1), phosphorylated-RIP1 (p-RIP1), p-RIP1/t-RIP1, t-RIP3, p-RIP3, mixed lineage kinase-like protein (MLKL), p-MLKL, motility related protein 1 (DRP1), phosphoglycerate mutase 5 (PGAM5) and high mobility protein 1 (HMGB1). Moreover, PCA and Que reduced protein abundance of nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3), nod-like receptors family CARD domain-containing protein 4 (NLRC4), apoptosis-related macular protein (ASC), gasdermin D (GSDMD) and caspase-1.
Conclusions
In general, our data suggest that PCA and Que are capable of attenuating ETEC-caused intestinal inflammation and damage, which is maybe associated with inhibition of necroptosis and pyroptosis signaling pathways.
Nonlinear energy harvesting and clustering cooperation in WPCNs
Authors: Yuan Lina , Zhang Wen , Liang Jiajun , Zhou Anran 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The increasing demand for data and the rapid increase in the number of wireless connected devices make the shortage of energy and spectrum resources more serious. This paper considers a wireless powered communication network (WPCN) composed of N wireless devices (WDs) installed with single-antenna and a hybrid access point (HAP) equipped with multi-antenna, where HAP sends wireless energy to WDs in the downlink and receives information transmission from WDs in the uplink. To overcome “double near and far” problem, this paper adopts a clustering cooperative transmission method to enhance some WDs’ throughput performance far from the HAP, i.e., one of N WDs is selected as a cluster head (CH) and the remaining (N − 1) WDs as cluster members (CMs), and the CH helps relay CMs’ information to transmit. However, because the CH needs to transmit N WDs’ information, its energy consumed during information transmission will be the bottleneck of the system performance. To achieve a tradeoff between energy and data rate, this paper adopts multi-antenna energy beamforming technology to concentrate more energy to transmit the CH, so as to balance the energy consumption among all WDs. Considering the influence of in-phase/orthogonal imbalance,nonlinear amplification amplitude and phase noise on those physical transceivers of low-cost sensor nodes, nonlinear energy harvesting technology is employed to improve throughput performance of the WPCN system. Particularly, the proposed scheme’s throughput performance is derived, and simulation results demonstrate that this scheme can be effective to increase the WPCN system’s throughput fairness and spectral efficiency.
Efficient and Generalizable Tuning Strategies for Stochastic Gradient MCMC
Authors: Coullon Jeremie , South Leah , Nemeth Christopher 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Stochastic gradient Markov chain Monte Carlo (SGMCMC) is a popular class of algorithms for scalable Bayesian inference. However, these algorithms include hyperparameters such as step size or batch size that influence the accuracy of estimators based on the obtained posterior samples. As a result, these hyperparameters must be tuned by the practitioner and currently no principled and automated way to tune them exists. Standard Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) tuning methods based on acceptance rates cannot be used for SGMCMC, thus requiring alternative tools and diagnostics. We propose a novel bandit-based algorithm that tunes the SGMCMC hyperparameters by minimizing the Stein discrepancy between the true posterior and its Monte Carlo approximation. We provide theoretical results supporting this approach and assess various Stein-based discrepancies. We support our results with experiments on both simulated and real datasets, and find that this method is practical for a wide range of applications.
Risk factors associated with plasmid antibiotic resistance gene carriage revealed using large-scale multivariable analysis
Authors: Orlek Alex , Anjum Muna , Mather Alison , Stoesser Nicole , Walker Sarah 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Plasmids are key vectors of bacterial antibiotic resistance, but understanding of risk factors associated with plasmid antibiotic resistance gene (ARG) carriage is limited. We curated >14000 publicly available plasmid genomes and associated metadata. Duplicate and replicate plasmids were excluded; where possible, sample metadata was validated externally (BacDive database). Using Logistic Generalised Additive Models (GAMs) we assessed the influence of biotic/abiotic risk factors (e.g. plasmid genetic factors, isolation source, collection date) on ARG carriage, modelled as a binary outcome. Separate GAMs were built for 10 major ARG types. Multivariable analysis indicated that plasmid ARG carriage patterns across time (collection years), isolation sources (human/livestock) and host bacterial taxa were consistent with antibiotic selection pressure as a driver of plasmid-mediated antibiotic resistance. Among livestock vs human plasmids, carbapenem resistance was infrequent (0.42% vs 12%), while tetracycline resistance was enriched (adjusted odds-ratio [OR]=2.65, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.89–3.72), reflecting known prescribing practices. More recently acquired ARG types (e.g. colistin and carbapenem) showed increases in plasmid carriage during the date range analysed (1994–2019), potentially reflecting recent onset of selection pressure; they also co-occurred less commonly with ARGs of other types and virulence genes. Carbapenem resistance was more likely to reside on conjugative vs non-mobilisable plasmids (adjusted OR=3.59 95%CI 2.80–4.61), and on plasmids with a higher density of insertion sequences. Overall, this suggests that following acquisition, plasmid ARGs tend to accumulate under antibiotic selection pressure and co-associate with other adaptive genes (other ARG types, virulence genes), potentially re-enforcing plasmid ARG carriage through co-selection.
IgA determines bacterial composition in the gut
Authors: Gupta Suman , Gupta Sneh Lata , Singh Aashima , Oswal Neelam , Bal Vineeta , Rath Satyajit , George Anna , Basu Srijani 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Classically IgA in the gut prevents the invasion of microorganisms to systemic organs through the process of neutralization and immune exclusion. Interestingly, recent reports suggest that IgA might help in biofilm formation and promote bacterial growth inside the intestine. Method and Results: In this study, we asked whether quality and quantity of IgA can select for bacterial persistence in the gut. We found that members of Proteobacteria are preferentially coated by IgA in WT mice and that there are no significant differences in the frequency of bacteria coated with IgA in mice that lack T-dependent IgA responses (TCRb-/-) mice as compared to WT mice. However, CBA/N mice that make poor T-independent IgA, had a lower frequency of IgA-coated bacteria and reduced Proteobacteria in the gut. Further, Rag-/- mice that lack all antibodies, had a severe reduction in Proteobacteria and were resistant to DSS induced colitis, suggesting that secretory IgA might be essential for differential retention of these taxa in the mouse gut. Rag-/- littermates in the F2 generation generated from (B6 x Rag-/-) F1 mice acquired Proteobacteria through vertical transmission of flora and died soon after weaning possibly due to the acquired flora. Additionally, continued exposure of Rag-/- mice to B6 flora by cohousing mice led to the acquisition of Proteobacteria and to mortality. Conclusion: Together, our results indicate that host survival in the complete absence of an IgA response necessitates the exclusion of certain bacterial taxa from the gut microbiome.
Effects of adjuvants on protection in a rabies-vectored Ebola virus vaccine
Authors: Schnell Matthias , Yankowski Catherine , Kurup Drishya , Wirblich Christoph 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Ebola virus is the primary contributor to the global threat of filovirus severe hemorrhagic fever, and Ebola virus disease has a case fatality rate of 50-90%. An inactivated, bivalent filovirus/Rabies virus vaccine, FILORAB1, consists of recombinant Rabies virus virions expressing the Ebola virus glycoprotein. FILORAB1 is immunogenic and protective from Ebola virus challenge in mice and non-human primates, and protection is enhanced when formulated with toll-like receptor 4 agonist Glucopyranosyl lipid adjuvant (GLA) in a squalene oil-in-water emulsion (SE). Through an adjuvant comparison in mice, we demonstrate that GLA-SE improves FILORAB1 efficacy by activating the innate immune system and shaping a Th1-biased adaptive immune response. GLA-SE adjuvanted mice and those adjuvanted with the SE component are better protected from surrogate challenge, while Th2 alum adjuvanted mice are not. Additionally, the immune response to FILORAB1 is long-lasting, as exhibited by highly-maintained serum antibody titers and long-lived cells in the spleen and bone marrow.