bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Performance Evaluation of Machine Learning Models with Ensemble Learning Approach in Classification of Water Quality Indices Based on Different Subset of Features
Authors: Garabaghi Farid Hassanbaki , Benzer Semra , Benzer Recep 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Since fresh water resources in form of groundwaters which are the most available water resources for human consumption are extremely limited and due to uncontrolled human activities are prone to contamination, it’s of a great importance to constantly monitor the quality of the ground fresh water resources to provide a sustainable drinking water for people as well as protecting the ecosystem. One tool for modeling the water quality of a basin is Water Quality Index (WQI). However, calculating WQI is complicated and time- consuming, therefore, today, scientists are being inclined to propose simpler ways for modeling the quality of the water resources such as machine learning algorithms. In this study the performance of four machine learning algorithms with ensemble learning approach were evaluated to propose a classification model (classifier) with highest performance. Moreover, to identify the most important water quality parameters in the classification process, three feature selection methods with machine learning approach were applied. As a result, among four classifiers, XGBoost showed outstanding performance, with the accuracy of 96.9696% when all the parameters of interest were involved in the classification process. However, in order to make the model cost-effective it is suggested to conduct the classification with optimum parameters which in this case, for the dataset which was used in this study XGBoost classifier is suggested as the best classifier with the maximum accuracy of 95.606% with 10-Fold Cross Validation when seven parameters which were identified by Backward Feature Elimination Feature selector were involved in the classification process.
CO2 quantification in silicate glasses using µ-ATR FTIR spectroscopy
Authors: Schanofski Maximilian , Koch Lennart , Schmidt Burkhard C. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
A new method for measurements of high-CO2 concentrations in silicate glasses was established using micro–attenuated total reflectance (µ-ATR) Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy in the mid-IR (MIR) region. We studied two glass/melt compositions, namely leucitite and granite, to cover samples in which CO2 is dissolved as carbonate ions (CO32−) or as CO2 molecules (CO3mol). In the leucitite glasses a carbonate absorption doublet with maxima at 1510 and 1430 cm–1 has shown to clearly separate from aluminosilicate lattice vibrations at lower wavenumbers. Due to the lower sensitivity of the µ-ATR method, we were able to measure high-CO2 contents (cCO2 &gt;0.5 wt%) in experimental silicate glasses that would only be measurable with great difficulties using established transmission MIR measurements due to detector linearity limit effects even with very thin sample wafers. The peak heights of the 1430 cm–1 ATR band (A1430), normalized to the integral of the T-O lattice vibrations (T = Si, Al, Fe) at about 930 cm–1 (Int930) show a linear trend with CO2 contents in the range 0.2–4.3 wt%, yielding a linear correlation with cCO2 (wt%) = 0.4394 ± 0.006·A1430·10000/Int930. The normalization of the CO2 related band to a lattice vibration accounts for variations in the quality of contact between ATR crystal and sample, which has a direct effect on signal intensity.
In granitic glasses, where CO2 is dissolved as CO3mol only, the asymmetric stretching vibration at 2350 cm–1 overlaps with the signal of atmospheric, gaseous CO2. As the ATR signal of dissolved CO2 is very weak, the atmospheric signal may dominate the spectrum. Since the absorbance spectrum is calculated by division of the single-channel sample spectrum by a single-channel reference spectrum measured in air, keeping the laboratory and spectrometer atmosphere as constant as possible during spectral acquisition can resolve the problem. Nonetheless, a procedure to subtract the signal of remaining atmospheric CO2 may still be required for the spectral evaluation. We studied a series of 5 granitic glasses with CO3mol contents of 0.08 to 0.27 wt% and found an excellent linear relation between CO2 concentration and lattice vibration normalized ATR intensity of the 2350 cm–1 band: cCO2 (wt%) = 0.2632 ± 0.0016·A2350·10000/Int990. Although the CO3mol concentrations in our granitic glass series can still be analyzed without major difficulties by conventional transmission IR spectroscopy, our data demonstrate the potential of the ATR method for samples with higher CO2 contents or for samples where a high spatial resolution is required (melt inclusions, vesicular or partially crystallized glasses). The lower limits of the ATR method are approximately 0.2 wt% CO2 dissolved as carbonate groups or 0.1 wt% CO2 (or slightly less) dissolved in molecular form.
On the origin of fluorine-poor apatite in chondrite parent bodies
Authors: McCubbin Francis M. , Lewis Jonathan A. , Barnes Jessica J. , Boyce Jeremy W. , Gross Juliane , McCanta Molly C. , Srinivasan Poorna , Anzures Brendan A. , Lunning Nicole G. , Elardo Stephen M. , Keller Lindsay P. , Prissel Tabb C. , Agee Carl B. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe conducted a petrologic study of apatite within one LL chondrite, six R chondrites, and six CK chondrites. These data were combined with previously published apatite data from a broader range of chondrite meteorites to determine that chondrites host either chlorapatite or hydroxylapatite with ≤33 mol% F in the apatite X-site (unless affected by partial melting by impacts, which can cause F-enrichment of residual apatite). These data indicate that either fluorapatite was not a primary condensate from the solar nebula or that it did not survive lower temperature nebular processes and/or parent body processes. Bulk-rock Cl and F data from chondrites were used to determine that the solar system has a Cl/F ratio of 10.5 ± 1.0 (3σ). The Cl/F ratios of apatite from chondrites are broadly reflective of the solar system Cl/F value, indicating that apatite in chondrites is fluorine poor because the solar system has about an order of magnitude more Cl than F. The Cl/F ratio of the solar system was combined with known apatite-melt partitioning relationships for F and Cl to predict the range of apatite compositions that would form from a melt with a chondritic Cl/F ratio. This range of apatite compositions allowed for the development of a crude model to use apatite X-site compositions from achondrites (and chondrite melt rocks) to determine whether they derive from a volatile-depleted and/or differentiated source, albeit with important caveats that are detailed in the manuscript. This study further highlights the utility of apatite as a mineralogical tool to understand the origin of volatiles (including H2O) and the diversity of their associated geological processes throughout the history of our solar system, including at its nascent stage.
In-silico Approach to Investigate the Phytochemicals of Terminalia arjuna
as Multitarget Inhibitors of Proteins Involved with Lung Cancer
Authors: Adhikary Tathagata , Basak Piyali 
Published: September 2022

Background:
Existing medications for treating cancer are reported to exhibit severe side effects,
therefore, there is an urgent need to address these unprecedented health risks. With the advancements
in ethnobotanical studies and research on phytochemicals, information on several medicinal plants
is being revisited nowadays. Terminalia arjuna is a widely used medicinal plant in ayurvedic and Unani
medicine for curing several diseases. Although the bioactives from this plant are reported to possess anticarcinogenic,
antiproliferative and antioxidant activities, information on the potentials of its specific phytoconstituents
on the inhibition of receptor molecules associated with lung cancer is scarce.

Objectives:
The primary goal of this study is to virtually screen the phytochemicals of Terminalia arjuna
as potential drug candidate molecules for lung cancer. Considering all major reported receptor molecules
that inevitably take part in lung cancer, it highlights the phytochemicals as novel multitargeted inhibitors
of proteins responsible for lung cancer.

Methods:
A thorough literature review was done to select twenty-seven receptor molecules associated with
lung cancer cases. The molecular docking study using PyRx predicts protein-ligand interactions and identifies
potential drug targets. Evaluating the ADMET (Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion,
and Toxicity) properties of the phytochemicals present in Terminalia arjuna, this study takes into account
thirty-four bioactive compounds as the chosen ligands in molecular docking. The binding affinity, inhibition
constant (Ki), and the interacting residues of these phytochemicals with the receptors are compared
with the docking results of twelve selected standard anticancer drugs. The study finally categorizes the
phytochemicals that can potentially act as multitargeted inhibitors of proteins associated with lung cancer.

Results:
The results from PyRx highlighted the phytoconstituents having a higher binding affinity with
inhibition constant comparable to the standard drugs. Among the standard anticancer drugs, alectinib,
pralsetinib, and ibrutinib are marked as potent inhibitors of several lung cancer receptors. The phytochemicals
of Terminalia arjuna proved to be the potential candidates against ALK2, ALK5, DDR2, BRAF,
KRAS, Tankyrase, vasopressin V2, VEGFR1 and VEGFR2 mediated lung cancer but the effectiveness
(in comparison to the standard drugs) is limited against Bcl-2, IL22R1, NCAM, RET, MET and ROS1
receptors.

Conclusions:
The findings indicate that phytochemicals namely luteolin, friedelin, oleanolic acid, and
14,16-dianhydrogitoxigenin bind strongly to multiple receptors under consideration with high affinity and
hence could be investigated as effective alternatives for treating lung cancer with minimal side effects.
Molecular Modeling Study of Methylxanthines and Tannins as
Β-Secretase Inhibitors
Authors: da Silva Hage-Melim Lorane Izabel , Correia Lenir Cabral , Ferreira Jaderson Vieira , de Paula da Silva Carlos Henrique Tomich , Taft Carlton Anthony 
Published: September 2022

Background:
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has been characterized by a progressive loss of cognitive functions, especially memory, impacting the daily life and personality of the elderly. In the present study, we performed molecular modeling of methylxanthines and tannins, with pharmacologic actions as stimulants of the Central Nervous System (CNS) and antioxidant, respectively, present in Paullinia cupana Kunth (guarana), evaluating the theoretical viability of these molecules as an alternative for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease, specifically to act by inhibiting the β-secretase enzyme (BACE-1).

Methods:
It has been accomplished a optimization of selected chemical structures, derivation of the pharmacophore, docking simulation, as well as prediction of physicochemical, pharmacokinetic (ADME) and toxicological (TOX) properties, ending with the activity prediction and synthetic viability of the selected molecules. For the physicochemical properties, evaluated according the Lipinski’s Rule of Five, only methylxanthines, catechin and epicatechin remained within the parameters evaluated.

Results:
In the molecular docking, caffeine, theobromine, theophylline, catechin, epicatechin, and proanthocyanidin, respectively, interacted with 57.14%, 42.86%, 28.57%, 57.14%, 28.57% e 57.14% of the active site amino acid residues of BACE-1. The ADME properties indicated the average permeability of the blood-brain barrier to the molecules caffeine, theobromine, theophylline, catechin and epicatechin, and caffeine, theobromine and theophylline showed high intestinal absorption and low aggregation to plasma proteins. The TOX properties showed only proanthocyanidin as a safer molecule. Only catechin and epicatechin were related to the action of BACE-1 in predicting activity. The synthetic viability of methylxanthine has been evaluated as high, while catechin and epicatechin were median and proanthocyanidin has been evaluated as difficult.

Conclusion:
catechin and epicatechin tannins presented more favorable results indicating interaction of suppression of the Aβ aggregation, being potential BACE-1 inhibitors.
Consumo alimentar de estudantes de nutrição de uma universidade pública
Authors: Oliveira Danila Soares de , Gomes Daiene Rosa , Mattos Mússio Pirajá , Alves Gervana Rabêlo , Campos Hudson Manoel Nogueira , Silva Danielle Cristina Guimarães da , Pereira-Santos Marcos 
Published: September 2022

O contexto de vida de universitários é marcado por vivências individuais e coletivas que se associam ao distanciamento da família, ampliação das responsabilidades e adoção de novos comportamentos, como os diferentes padrões alimentares. Diante disso, uma questão que se apresenta é se os estudantes da área da nutrição, familiarizados com os prejuízos de uma alimentação não saudável, orientam seus consumos alimentares com base nos pilares teóricos de uma alimentação saudável. Objetivou-se, com isso, caracterizar o consumo alimentar de estudantes universitários do curso de nutrição de uma universidade pública do Nordeste do Brasil. Trata-se de um estudo transversal realizado com 166 acadêmicos. A ingestão dietética foi estimada por meio da aplicação de dois recordatórios de 24 horas. Para análise de dados, foi utilizada a comparação de médias por meio do teste t independente. O consumo médio diário de energia dos estudantes universitários foi de 2010,97 ± 575,65 kcal, sendo 52,8% desse total proveniente dos carboidratos; 17,3% de proteínas e 30,8% de lipídeos. A média de refeições diárias feitas pelos participantes foi 5 ± 0,93, sendo, principalmente, suas casas o principal local de realização. Por outro lado, o consumo hídrico correspondeu a 1,73 ± 0,74 litros por dia. Maiores alterações desfavoráveis na ingestão alimentar foram verificadas em estudantes do sexo masculino, com sobrepeso e que estão em semestres intermediários da graduação. Dessa forma, aspectos significativos da vida como o gênero, estado nutricional e tempo de estudo podem afetar o consumo alimentar dos estudantes.
Intensive Diabetes Management
Authors: Steenkamp Devin 
Published: September 2022

Intensive diabetes management is a treatment paradigm wherein virtually all individuals with diabetes — type 1 or type 2 — can improve their glycemic control and overall health. The model has proven very effective and is now often the rule, rather than the exception, in diabetes care.
Intensive Diabetes Management is intended for healthcare practitioners who want to implement this method with their patients. It emphasizes a team approach to patient care and offers guidance in helping providers and patients gain the skills and confidence to move toward treatment goals appropriate for individual needs and medical conditions.
Intensive Diabetes Management, now in its 7th edition, has been revised to include the latest advances in medical research, incorporating new insights into diabetes and how they specifically impact this means of treatment.
The data, guidelines, and procedures reflect the most recent updates to the American Diabetes Association’s Standards of Care.
A Brief Nutrition Questionnaire for Children With Newly Diagnosed Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Snow Shani , Thivierge Meredith , Seel Maureen , Brown Elizabeth , Akhtar Yasmin , M. Wolf Risa 
Published: September 2022

<p> </p>
<p>Carbohydrate counting is an important component of type 1 diabetes management that is taught at the time of diagnosis. We implemented and validated a nutrition quiz to assess fundamental carbohydrate counting and nutrition knowledge in newly diagnosed patients. An interactive standard assessment for newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes patients was feasible and reliable to implement for patients and caregivers, but participants with public insurance scored lower overall. This assessment may help to identify nutrition knowledge gaps and provide opportunities for timely education, and providers should place additional focus on nutrition education for patients with public insurance. </p>
“It Helped to Know I Wasn't Alone”: Exploring Student Satisfaction in an Online Community with a Gamified, Social Media-Like Instructional Approach
Authors: Ensmann Suzanne , Whiteside Aimee L 
Published: September 2022

This descriptive study offers lessons learned from students’ experiences with a gamified, social media-like instructional approach in eighteen courses from spring 2021 through spring 2022. Researchers at a mid-sized university in the southeastern United States leveraged Christensen’s (2011) disruptive innovation theory as a guiding framework to explore student satisfaction with this instructional method. This first phase of the study measures learner satisfaction with this approach using the Ritzhaupt (2019) Electronic Learning Satisfaction Survey (eLSS). Preliminary results suggest that learners (n=145) rated their experience with this disruptive technology above average on all Likert scale questions on the eLSS. Identified best practices for instructional design using similar approaches include repeating the game rules, reframing the purpose beyond the game, helping students appreciate their community, guiding students to lead their own posts and gain reactions, and thwarting those trying to game the system. Initial findings across multiple courses suggest that instructors can leverage the gameful experience and social media-like engagement to foster critical connections and increase course satisfaction.
Eksplorasi Konsep Matematika dalam Tenun Songket Pandai Sikek
Authors: Isnaniah Isnaniah , Firmanti Pipit , Imamuddin M 
Published: September 2022

Abstract:Mathematics learning is currently directed at linking mathematical concepts with culture and students' daily activities, commonly referred to as ethnomathematics. Teachers must have a broad understanding to explain the concepts contained in culture, especially in songket Pandai Sikek in learning mathematics. This study explores the mathematical concepts contained in songket Pandai Sikek, a traditional Minangkabau songket. This research is explorative by utilizing the pattern and process of making songket. Data was obtained from documentation and interviews. The results showed that the songket Pandai Sikek has the concept of a flat shape such as a rhombus and isosceles triangle. In addition, the concepts of similarity, congruence, symmetry, comparison, measuring, and counting were also found. These mathematical concepts and activities become the starting point in making the design of mathematics learning based on culture and daily activities.Abstrak:Pembelajaran matematika saat ini diarahkan kepada kegiatan mengaitkan konsep matematika dengan budaya dan aktifitas siswa sehari-hari atau biasa disebut dengan etnomatematika. Guru dituntut memiliki pemahaman yang luas untuk menjelaskan konsep-konsep yang terdapat pada budaya khususnya pada tenun songket Pandai Sikek dalam pembelajaran matematika. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplor konsep matematika yang terdapat pada tenun songket Pandai Sikek yang merupakan songket tradisional Minangkabau. Penelitian ini bersifat eksploratif dengan memanfaatkan pola dan proses pembuatan tenun songket Pandai Sikek. Data diperoleh dari dokumentasi dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pada tenun songket Pandai Sikek terdapat konsep bangun datar seperti belah ketupat dan segitiga sama kaki. Selain itu dijumpai pula konsep kesebangunan, kekongruenan, kesimetrisan, perbandingan, mengukur dan menghitung. Konsep dan aktivitas matematika ini menjadi starting point dalam membuat desain pembelajaran matematika yang berbasis budaya dan aktifitas sehari-hari.
High prevalence of Plasmodium infection in fighting cocks in Thailand determined with a molecular method
Authors: Vaisusuk Kotchaphon , Chatan Wasupon , Seerintra Tossapol , Piratae Supawadee 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Introduction
Avian malaria caused by Plasmodium and the malaria-like parasites of the genus Haemoproteus has been regularly described in multiple regions worldwide. These parasites significantly affect many avian taxa, including domestic chickens and fighting cocks. There are limited epidemiological studies of these blood parasites in vertebrate hosts, especially in Thailand.

Material and Methods
This study used microscopic examination of blood samples and PCR amplification exploiting primers for nucleotide sequences of Plasmodium or Haemoproteus species based on the cytochrome b gene to determine the occurrence of Plasmodium spp. in fighting cocks.

Results
Examination of 249 blood samples of fighting cocks revealed that 41.37% (103/249) were positive for malaria by microscopic examination and 88.76% (221/249) were positive by DNA amplification. Sequencing and DNA analysis of 61 PCR products revealed that infection by Plasmodium juxtanucleare was the most common avian malaria in fighting cocks in Thailand followed by infections by Plasmodium gallinaceum; however, Haemoproteus infection was not discovered.

Conclusion
This study indicated that plasmodiasis is widespread in fighting cocks in Thailand although the prevalence was not clearly determined; therefore, prevention and control strategies for these protozoa should be improved, especially those for avoiding vector exposure and eliminating mosquito breeding sites.
Activated Carbon Production from Coffee Waste via Slow Pyrolysis Using a Fixed Bed Reactor
Authors: Inayat Abrar , Rocha-Meneses Lisandra , Said Zafar , Ghenai Chaouki , Ahmad Fahad F. , Al-Ali Aisha M , Mahmood Fatemeh , Abdallah Noura 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Pyrolysis is a thermochemical process commonly used for bio-oil, bio-char, and syngas production. It is particularly attractive due to its cost-effectiveness and low environmental impact. Therefore, this study utilizes coffee waste to produce activated carbon in a slow pyrolysis reactor at different reaction temperatures and residence times. The results obtained in this study show that bio-oil yields tend to increase when moderate reaction temperatures and short residence times are used. In contrast, the bio-char yields are higher at low reaction temperatures and long residence times. The Scanning Electron Microscopic (SEM) images of the coffee waste, bio-char, and activated carbon indicate that the pore size of the bio-char tends to decrease due to heating and tends to increase in the area after using ZnCl2 as activating agent. Coffee waste is a suitable feedstock for activating carbon production.
ЕФЕКТИВНІСТЬ ОРГАНІЗАЦІЇ САМОСТІЙНОЇ РОБОТИ У ВИЩИХ МЕДИЧНИХ ЗАКЛАДАХ
Authors: Ісаєва Оксана , Шайнер Ганна 
Published: September 2022

Самостійна робота розглядається як обов’язковий компонент навчальної роботи студентів, а її ефективність визначає якість професійної підготовки студентів-медиків. Тому особливої уваги потребують мотиваційний, змістовий і технологічний блоки щодо забезпечення самостійної роботи студентів. Як цілісна педагогічна система, самостійна робота повинна враховувати індивідуальні інтереси студентів, їх здібності та певні особливості дисциплін соціально-гуманітарного блоку.
Зміст самостійної роботи повинен цілеспрямовано зосереджуватися на розширенні і поглибленні знань студентів, а також на інтеграції міжпредметних зв’язків. Методи організації науково-дослідницьких досліджень набувають особливого значення для опанування студентами навичок щодо виконання самостійної роботи. Завдання самостійної роботи повинні містити практичний компонент, тобто перегукуватися з реальними життєво-виробничими випадками, і студент має запропонувати власне бачення чи вирішення проблеми і аргументовано довести її коректність. Такий підхід сприятиме формуванню професійних якостей майбутнього спеціаліста та допомагати закладаючи базові компетенції. Тому в умовах глобалізаційного світу увага зосереджується на індивідуалізації навчання студентів-медиків у вишах за рахунок розширення інформаційних потоків.