bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamics of the large-scale tropospheric circulation During summer monsoon and tropical droughts
Authors: AWADE S. T. , TOTAGI M. Y. , BAWISKAR S. M. , SIKKA D. R. 
Published: February 2022

Fourier analysis has been used for monthly mean geopotential height for 700 mb and 300 mb levels for the months April through August for the years 1967, 1972, 1973, 1974 and 1977. The years 1967, 1973, 1977 are good monsoon years and 1972, 1974 are drought years. From the Fourier coefficients the transport of momentum and of sensible heat, wave to wave and wave to zonal interactions have been computed in wave number domain.

Waves 1 to 3 show contrasting features in years of good and bad monsoons. Northward transport of momentum across subtropical latitudes is large in good monsoon years while northward transport of sensible heat is large in bad monsoon years. In drought years there is large divergence of flux of sensible heat in subtropics, while there is large divergence of momentum in good monsoon years. In good monsoon years waves 1 and 2 are greater source of energy to other waves via both wave-wave interactions and wave to zonal mean flow interactions during monsoon months in the upper troposphere.
Pre-monsoon potential energy budget and prospects of ensuing southwest monsoon over India
Authors: DAWALE K. P. 
Published: February 2022

The tropical atmosphere is generally presumed to be of negligible capacity to store available potential energy. This being so, the question arises what is the reason for failure of tropical monsoon ? Whether hemispheric interactions help to sustain monsoon or the tropical extratropical interactions sustain the activity of monsoon ? In the present attempt, the contributions of southern hemisphere or extra-tropics towards the m1lintenance of southwest monsoon is not studied. However, the effects of deficit potential energy distribution during pre-monsoon (especially April) on the seasonal rainfall over various parts of India are studied for about 12 years. The study reveals the following features, (1) The potential energy storage during premonsoon (April) over various parts of India is not the same every year: There are slight variations. Even these variations affect the rainfall pattern during ensuing southwest monsoon, (2) The lower and upper tropospheric potential energe storages play different roles. The higher storages in the lower troposphere (1000-500 mb) is more useful whereas higher storage in the upper troposphere is not helpful. The higher ratio of P.E. of 1000-500 mb and 500-100 mb layers and the higher potential energy in the layer 1000-500 mb and are both favourable for best monsoon over any sub-division. When both are not higher, the rainfall percentage is nearly reduced to normal whereas the deficient rain occurs when both are lower, (3) The optimum potential energy in the layer 1000-500 mb for normal rain cannot be accurately determined. Similarly the optimum ratio P.E. .1000-500 mb/P.E. 500-.100 mb cannot be exactly worked out.

However, the deviations of these parameters from the lowest observed values indicate on two sets of charts lows, heights, troughs or ridges. The lows or troughs in both correspond to deficit rain. The low in one and the high in the other indicate nearly normal rain. The highs in both indicate excess rain. The study of these charts for 12 years thus sugges that if we can evaluate the absolute minimum values of these parameters, (P.E. 1000-500 mb) and (P.E. 1000-500 mb)/(P.E. 500-100 mb), the prediction of seasonal rainfall departures over various parts would be possible.
المهارات العقلية المتضمنة في بطائق التفكير لدروس كتب الاجتماعيات للصف التاسع الأساسي بالجمهورية اليمنية
Authors: د. عمر عبود سعيد عقيلان  
Published: February 2022

هدفت الدراسة التعرف إلى تضمين المهارات العقلية في بطائق التفكير لدروس كتب الاجتماعيات للصف التاسع الأساسي بالجمهورية اليمنية، واستخدم الباحث المنهج الوصفي التحليلي، وأنموذج مارزانو الذي يضمن (8) مهارات رئيسة و(21) مهارة فرعية، التي اعتمدت معيارًا لتحليل بطائق التفكير، وتكونت عينة الدراسة من بطائق التفكير في كتب الاجتماعيات (الجغرافيا والتاريخ والتربية الوطنية) في العام الدراسي 2018-2019م.وتوصَّلت الدراسة إلى أنَّ بطائق التفكير في دروس كتب الاجتماعيات للصف التاسع قد ركزت بنسب كبيرة على عدد قليل من المهارات العقلية التي يتضمنها تصنيف أنموذج مارزانو، في الوقت الذي تناولت عددًا كبيرًا من المهارات العقلية بنسب ضئيلة سواء أكان ذلك في كل جزء أم كتاب أم الكتب الثلاثة مجتمعة. كما أشارت الدراسة إلى عدم تضمين بطائق التفكير للكثير من المهارات العقلية الفرعية. وتوصَّلت أيضًا إلى تركيز بطائق التفكير على المهارات المتعلقة بالخبرات الحسية والمهارات الفرعية المتعلقة بها، وتدني وانعدام تضمين المهارات العقلية ذات المستويات العليا المجردة وما يتعلق بها من المهارات الفرعية.
The study aimed to identify the inclusion of mental skills in thinking cards for the lessons of social sciences textbooks for the ninth grade in the Republic of Yemen. The researcher used the descriptive analytical approach, and Marzano’s Dimensions of Learning, which ensured (8) main skills and (21) sub-skills, that adopted a criterion for analyzing thinking cards. The study sample consisted of social sciences textbooks (geography, history and national education) in the academic year 2018-2019. The study found that the thinking cards in social sciences textbooks for the ninth grade focused with high percentages on a small number of mental skills included in Marzano’s Dimensions of Learning, while they had a large number of mental skills with small percentages, whether in each part, textbook or the all three textbooks together. The study also indicated that the thinking cards did not include many sub-mental skills. Additionally, it revealed that the thinking cards focus on the skills related to sensory experiences and the related sub-skills as well as the low and non-inclusion of abstract higher-level mental skills and the related sub-skills.
Kinerja Pelayanan Perpustakaan Pada Dinas Perpustakaan Dan Kearsipan Kabupaten Kepulauan Meranti
Authors: Rohmah Bikrul , Khozin Muhammad 
Published: February 2022

Salah satu pelayanan publik yang diselenggarakan pemerintah terkait dengan peningkatan ilmu pengetahuan dan peningkatan minat baca terhadap masyarakat adalah pelayanan perpustakaan, sebagaimana tercantum dalam pasal 3 Undang-Undang No.43 Tahun 2007 tentang perpustakaan. Kinerja Perpustakaan adalah gambaran atas keberhasilan ataupun kegagalan penyelenggaraan perpustakaan. Dalam hal ini, peneliti akan membahas tentang kinerja pelayanan perpustakaan pada Dinas Perpustakaan Dan Kearsipan Kabupaten Kepulauan Meranti. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kinerja pelayanan perpustakaan dan mengetahui faktor-faktor apa yang mempengaruhi kinerja pelayanan perpustakaan pada Dinas Perpustakaan Dan Kearsipan Kabupaten Kepulauan Meranti. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode campuran (Mix Method), dimana data dikumpulkan menggunakan observasi, studi literatur, kuesioner, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Populasi dalam penelitian ini yaitu pengunjung perpustakaan pada Dinas Perpustakaan Dan Kearsipan Kabupaten Kepulauan Meranti pada Tahun 2019 sebanyak 3.124 orang. Sampel pada penelitian ini yaitu sebanyak 97 responden. Teknik analisis data melalui tahap reduksi data, tabulasi data, pengolahan dan analisis data menggunakan Peraturan Menteri Pendayagunaan Aparatur Negara dan Reformasi Birokrasi nomor 14 tahun 2017, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa kinerja pelayanan pada Dinas Perpustakaan Dan Kearsipan Kabupaten Kepulauan Meranti sudah baik. Hal ini ditunjukan dengan nilai score akhir 3.35 atau setelah dikonversi menjadi 83, 61 kategori mutu pelayanan berdasarkan indeks mendapat nilai B yang artinya Baik. Unsur yang mendapatkan nilai tertinggi yaitu unsur penampilan dan kerapihan petugas dengan nilai 3.95 yang berati sangat baik. Unsur yang paling terendah adalah unsur kelengkapan dan koleksi buku dengan nilai 2.70 yang berati kurang baik. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kinerja perpustakaan yaitu gaya kepemimpinan yang sudah sepenuhnya optimal, dengan melibatkan partisipasi bawahan untuk memberikan masukan-masukan. Kemampuan kerjasama antar petugas pelayanan dirasakan sudah cukup, hanya masih belum menujukkan hasil yang sepenuhnya optimal. Sehingga hal tersebut juga dapat mempengaruhi pemberian layan kepada pengguna. Sedangkan untuk sistem insentif tidak ada.
Leadership, Governance and Resources in the Prevention and Control of Healthcare Associated Infections (HAIs) At Hospital X Yogyakarta
Authors: Totok sundoro  
Published: February 2022

Hospitals are required to provide quality, accountable and transparent health services, especially for patient safety assurance. Nosocomial infections (Hospital Acquired Infection) or HAIs are infections that occur in patients during hospitalization. The incidence of phlebitis in January 2019 was 13%, September 2019 was 6%. Meanwhile, the Minister of Health Decree No. 29/2008, the standard incidence of HAIs in the hospital should not be more than 1.5%. Leadership, governance and resources have a strong role to play in improving the patient safety system that has been established. The research objective was to analyze the implementation of prevention and control of HAIs on the aspects of leadership, governance, and hospital resources.
This qualitative descriptive case study research with informants consisting of the leadership, the PPI team and hospital staff were taken by purposive sampling with the validity test technique through triangulation. Collecting data by interview, observation and documentation. Data analysis uses data reduction methods, data presentation and conclusion / verification.
Leadership and governance as an effort to prevent and control HAIs in hospitals with the formation of the Infection Prevention and Control Committee (PPI), a Prevention Control Nurse (IPCN) officer was appointed with activities and reports on the results of supervision. However, reports on the results of supervision have not been optimally socialized only in the form of information conveyed through information boards / announcement boards. Resources can be fulfilled properly with the availability of a sufficient number of IPCLNs with their main duties, the availability of budget and supporting facilities while still taking into account the availability of isolation rooms for infectious cases in hospitals that do not yet exist.
It is necessary to socialize the results of supervision and the PPI program through the assignments of the Head of the Inpatient Installation and through the IPCN Nurses in the room as well as the provision of information boards in each room for information media on the results of supervision and the PPI program.
SAFETY AND CLINICAL EFFICACY OF PLATELET RICH GROWTH FACTORS (PRGF) IN MANAGING KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS AFTER FAILED CONSERVATIVE TREATMENT: EVIDENCE FROM REAL PRACTICES
Authors: Turajane Thana , Sriratanavudhi Chaivat , Saengsirinavin Pamok , Chaweewannakorn Ukrit , Lappaiwong Wanpen , Aojanepong Jongjate 
Published: February 2022

Background: Platelet rich growth factors (PRGF) comprise a biological treatment of knee osteoarthritis (OA). Due to its limitation concerning the articular cartilage lesions’ healing potential, chondrocyte differentiation and external environment factors, clinical improvement of knee OA using PRGF treatment depends on preparation techniques.
Objectives: The study aimed to demonstrate clinical outcomes of PRGF treatment in real practices.
Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted from February 2018 to 2019 at the Biomedical Technology Research and Development Center, Police General Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand. We enrolled patients above 60 years old with knee OA that failed conservative treatment. The exclusion criteria included meniscus and ligament injury and knee deformity of the tibiofemoral angle more than 5 degrees. The primary endpoint was safe PRGF while secondary endpoints included changes of weight bearing pain and delayed surgery until an appropriate time for intervention.
Results: A total of 240 patients with knee OA, Kellgren-Lawrence (KL) grades II, III or IV were enrolled including 90 males and 150 females. The average age was 68 (60-81) years. Mode of conservative treatment failure included 140 cases of oral medication, 60 cases of oral medication and steroid injection and 40 cases of oral medication, steroid and intra-articular hyaluronic injections (IA-HA). Based on the KL system, 194 were classified as grades II-III, and 46 patients were grade IV. The PRGF was collected according to the protocol. The average initial platelet concentration before and after centrifugation was 165x103 cells/µL (140-195x103 cells/µL) and 990x103 cells/µL (825-1,650x103 cells/µL), respectively. At average of 3.3 (3-8) months follow-up, no major complications were observed, but 17 cases (7.9%) had minor complications. Average VAS (visual-analog-scale for pain: 0-100) scores before and after injection were 71 (65-80) and 52 (50-72, respectively. Surgical intervention in KL II-III totaled 11 cases (5.6%) and KL IV totaled 5 cases (10.8%).
Conclusion: Our technique of adjusting platelet concentration, fibrin concentration, leukocyte population and activator status improved clinical efficacy of PRGF treatment. PRGF is a safe, simple and effective treatment for patients with knee OA experiencing conservative treatment failure.
PREVALENCE AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS OF ACNE VULGARIS AMONG HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS IN RURAL AND URBAN AREAS OF THAILAND: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors: Niltem Ekamon , Thitthiwong Pajaree 
Published: February 2022

Background: Acne is the most common skin disorder affecting teenagers. Current knowledge of acne is continuously evolving with particular food especially skim milk, which has been recently recognized as a causative factor while environmental factors have not been clearly investigated.
Objectives: A cross-sectional study was conducted concerning the prevalence of acne among secondary school students living in rural and urban areas of Thailand. Associated risk factors were also evaluated as basic knowledge about acne.
Methods: We developed a questionnaire comprising baseline data, body mass index (BMI) and dietary, sleeping and exercise habits. Acne severity was assessed based on the Investigator’s Global Assessment (IGA).
Results: A total of 526 students completed the questionnaires. Of these, 287 (54.6%) lived in rural areas. In all, 172 (32.7%) students had moderate to severe acne. No statistical significance was found between the proportion of moderate to severe acne and none to mild acne cases among students living in rural areas 94/287 (32.7%) and those living in urban area 78/239 (32.6%) (p =0.977). Being male and high BMI were associated with moderate to severe acne using the adjusted odds ratio (OR) =2.05 (95% CI, 1.38-3.05) and adjusted OR =1.06 (95% CI, 1.01-1.11). Milk consumption did not affect acne severity.
Conclusion: Students residing in urban and rural areas had about equal prevalence of moderate to severe acne. Dietary habits especially milk consumption and living environment had no influence on acne severity.
CORRELATION OF LIVER STIFFNESS IN CHRONIC LIVER DISEASES BETWEEN FIBROSCAN AND 2D SHEAR WAVE ELASTOGRAPHY IN PHRAMONGKUTKLAO HOSPITAL
Authors: Noola Busabong , Thongprateep Kotchakorn , Chirapongsatorn Sakkarin , Saengruang-Orn Supakajee 
Published: February 2022

Background: Noninvasive asessment of liver stiffness has been increasingly used to evaluate fibrosis instead of liver biopsy among patients with chronic liver diseases. FibroScan has been widely used as ana alternative tool to assess liver stiffness, Several studies have shown significant correlation betwen the performance in staging liver fibrosis using 2D shear wave elastography (2D-SWE) techique, FibroScan method and the histological analysis of liver biospy. The information usinf 2D-SWE is not well established in Thailand because this rather new technology can be obtained suing high-end ultrasound machines.
Objective: The study aimed ti evaluate the coeeelation of liver stiffness in chronic liver diseases obtained by the 2D-SWE methods and a referance standard methods, FibroScan.
Methods: A properctive observational study was conducted between March and Decmeber 2018. A tota; of 30 consecutive participants aged 18-80 years having chronic liver diseases were enrolled. Liver stiffness (LS) was evaluated in the same session using two elastographic methods: FibroScan (transient elastography) and 2D-SWE techiques. The conventional 2D ultrasound of the liver was also performaed simultaneously. The assessment og fibrosis is described below: significant fibrosis (F>2), advanced fibrosis (F=4). The cut off values were 6.6, 9.4 and 11.2 kPa, respectively.
Results: Moserate to strong positive correlations were observed between measurements obtained by FibroScan and 2D-SWE in all stages of liver fibrosis (r=0.66, p<0.01) especially in fibrosis stages 2-3.
Conclusion: The 2D-SWE techique could be another alternative tool to evaluate liver fibrosis especially during the main targeted early stages for further medical therapeutic pravention of liver stiffness progression. This 2D-SWE may be added in routine sonographic studies in particular cases of chronic liver disease.
PREVALENCE OF SEXUAL DYSFUNCTION AND SEXUAL ATTITUDES AMONG POSTMENOPAUSAL FEMALES PATIENTS IN PHRAMONGKUTKLAO HOSPITAL
Authors: Srithanaphakarangkul Kritsada 
Published: February 2022

Background: Sexual function and attitudes towards sexuality among postmenopausal women have been investigated in many ethnicities, Nonetheless, a limited number of studies have been conduected among Thai postmenopausal women.
Objective: The study aimed to determine the prevalence of sexual dysfunction and sexual attitudes among Thai postmenopausal women.
Methods: Adescriptive cross-sextional study was conducted from 1st, 2018 to 31 July 31st, 2018 at the Gynecologic Outpatient Department, Pharmingkutklao Hospital. In all, 293 postmenopausal women. aged 45 years or over were recruited in the study. The Thai version Female Sexual Function Index (Thai-FSFI) questionnaire was used to evaluate the sexual function for which scores les than 26.5 constituted sexual dysfunction. To assess attitudes, validated questionnaires were used to evaluate using scores 0-8, 9-16 and 17-24 as negative, neutral and positive, respectively.
Results: The participant mean age was 55.53 ± 5.07 years. The pravalence of sexual dysfunction was 96.59% (282/293), which was significantly higher compared with those with those with normal sexual function. Postmenopausal women with sexual dysfunction were significantly order (p<0.001), had a longer menopause period (p=0.001), had spouses at old age (p<0.001) and had underlying diseases (p=0.034) significantly more than those with normal sexual function. Regarding sexual attitudes. 52.56% had positive attitudes while 4.44% had negative attitudes.
Conclusion: Sexual dysfunction is a common problem among Thai postmenopausal women. However, most had positive sexual attitudes.
CUTOFF VALUE OF TWO-POINT DISCRIMINATION DISTANCES IN CARPAL TUNNEL SYNDROME
Authors: Hathaiareerug Chanasak , Ngamongard Piyawan , Phonghanyudh Thong 
Published: February 2022

Background: Two-point discrimination test (2PD) represents large sensor fiber, which is more sensitive than smaller fiber to detect abnormality in carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). Few studies have focused in 2PD to diagnose CTS.
Objective: The study aimed to establish the cutoff value of 2PD to determine CTS.
Methods: A descriptive diagnostic study was conducted at the Outpatient Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Phramongkutklao Hospital. Participants who were suspected of having CTS were included in the study. All participants performed the 2PD test at the thumb, index finger and middle finger. The nerve conduction studies were performed and definitive diagnosis of CTS was based on the results. Data were analyzed using the receiver operation coefficient curve.
Results: Of 48 participants (total of 95 hands), CTS was diagnosed in 85 hands (89.5%). Additionally, of all CTS hands, severity was mild degree in 17 hands (28.4%), moderate degree in 31 hands (32.6%) and severe degree in 37 hands (39%). The optimum cutoff values were >4 mm having the sensitivities of 75.3, 68.2 and 68.2% while the specificities were 80, 90 and 90%, respectively, for the thumb, index finger and middle finger. The areas under curve were 0.826, 0.833 and 0.823, respectively.
Conclusion: The participants with more than 4 mm of 2PD at the thumb, index finger and middle finger had high probability of having CTS.
RANDOMIZED DOUBLE-BLIND CONTROLLED TRIAL TO EVALUATE EFFICACY OF VITAMIN D SUPPLEMENTATION AMONG PATIENTS WITH SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS
Authors: Pakchotanon Rattapol , Lomarat Wiyanoot , Narongroeknawin Pongthorn , Chaiamnuay Sumapa , Asavatanabodee Paijit 
Published: February 2022

Objective/background: Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) have a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency. We aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of ergocalciferol combined with standard care among patients with SLE.
Methods: A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study was conducted among patients with SLE (N=104). The patients were randomized to receive either a higher dosage of ergocalciferol (100,000 IU of ergocalciferol weekly for 4 weeks followed by 40,000 IU of ergocalciferol weekly for 20 weeks, group A (N=52) or placebo (group B, N=52). All patients received 800 units of cholecalciferol daily for 24 weeks. Concurrent medications were adjusted as clinically required. We compared demographics, serum 25-Hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH) D) levels, SLE disease activity index (SLEDAI-2K) and treatment variables between the two groups. The outcomes were measured at baseline, 12 and 24 weeks follow-up. These outcomes included serum 25(OH) D, SLEDAI-2K, SLE flare event defined by an increase of SLEDAI-2K between 2 visits, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), urine protein creatinine ratio (UPCR), health assessment questionnaire (HAQ), the change of dosage of immunosuppressive drugs and glucocorticoids (GCS) and ergocalciferol related toxicity. Subgroup analyses were also undertaken among patients with lupus nephritis. Continuous variables between the 2 groups were compared using student’s t-test whereas categorical groups were compared using the chi-square test.
Results: Of 104 patients, only 88 patients completed the study. Baseline characteristics between the 2 groups were similar. At 24 weeks, the mean ± standard difference (SD) of serum levels of 25(OH) D in group A was significantly higher than those in group B (41.2 ± 14.4 vs. 27.2 ± 10.1, p < 0.001). No difference was observed between groups A and B with respect to SLEDAI-2K, flare event, ESR, CRP and dosage of immunosuppressive drugs. However, at 12 and 24 weeks, the number of patients who could reduce GCS dosage in group A were significantly greater than group B (at 12 weeks, 39.6 vs. 17.6%, p = 0.008; at 24 weeks, 43.4 vs. 23.5%, p = 0.013). Subgroup analysis revealed no significant improvement of UPCR in group A compared with group B. Ergocalciferol related adverse reactions in both groups were similar. Serum calcium levels did not change within and between groups of treatment.
Conclusion: This study was inconclusive in demonstrating the efficacy of high dose ergocalciferol in controlling SLE disease activity. However, high dose ergocalciferol could be a safe adjunctive therapy that has a corticosteroid-sparing effect on patients with SLE.