bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of Co2+ cation addition in enhancing the AC heat induction power of (CoxMn1–x)Fe2O4 superparamagnetic nanoparticles
Authors: Wang Jie , Kim Hyungsub , Seo HyeongJoo , Ota Satoshi , You Chun-Yeol , Takemura Yasushi , Bae Seongtae 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The physical role of magnetically semi-hard Co2+ cation addition in enhancing the AC heat induction temperature (T
AC) or specific loss power (SLP) of solid (Co
x
Mn1−x
)Fe2O4 superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONPs) was systematically investigated at the biologically safe and physiologically tolerable range of H

AC
(H

AC,safe
= 1.12 × 109 A m−1 s−1, f

appl
= 100 kHz, H
appl = 140 Oe (11.2 A m−1)) to demonstrate which physical parameter would be the most critical and dominant in enhancing the T
AC (SLP) of SPIONPs. According to the experimentally and theoretically analyzed results, it was clearly demonstrated that the enhancement of magnetic anisotropy (K

u
)-dependent AC magnetic softness including the Néel relaxation time constant τ

N
(≈τ

eff
, effective relaxation time constant), and its dependent out-of-phase magnetic susceptibility

χ
″

primarily caused by the Co2+ cation addition is the most dominant parameter to enhance the T
AC (SLP). This clarified result strongly suggests that the development of new design and synthesis methods enabling to significantly enhance the K

u
by improving the crystalline anisotropy, shape anisotropy, stress (magnetoelastic) anisotropy, thermally-induced anisotropy, and exchange anisotropy is the most critical to enhance the T
AC (SLP) of SPIONPs at the H

AC,safe
(particularly at the lower f

appl
< 120 kHz) for clinically safe magnetic nanoparticle hyperthermia.
Validation of SART 3.5D algorithm for cerebrovascular dynamics and artery versus vein classification in presurgical 3D digital subtraction angiographies
Authors: El Hadji Sara , Bonilauri Augusto , De Momi Elena , Castana Laura , Macera Antonio , Berta Luca , Cardinale Francesco , Baselli Giuseppe 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Classification of arteries and veins in cerebral angiograms can increase the safety of neurosurgical procedures, such as StereoElectroEncephaloGraphy, and aid the diagnosis of vascular pathologies, as arterovenous malformations. We propose a new method for vessel classification using the contrast medium dynamics in rotational digital subtraction angiography (DSA). After 3D DSA and angiogram segmentation, contrast enhanced projections are processed to suppress soft tissue and bone structures attenuation effect and further enhance the CM flow. For each voxel labelled as vessel, a time intensity curve (TIC) is obtained as a linear combination of temporal basis functions whose weights are addressed by simultaneous algebraic reconstruction technique (SART 3.5D), expanded to include dynamics. Each TIC is classified by comparing the areas under the curve in the arterial and venous phases. Clustering is applied to optimize the classification thresholds. On a dataset of 60 patients, a median value of sensitivity (90%), specificity (91%), and accuracy (92%) were obtained with respect to annotated arterial and venous voxels up to branching order 4–5. Qualitative results are also presented about CM arrival time mapping and its distribution in arteries and veins respectively. In conclusion, this study shows a valuable impact, at no protocol extra-cost or invasiveness, concerning surgical planning related to the enhancement of arteries as major organs at risk. Also, it opens a new scope on the pathophysiology of cerebrovascular dynamics and its anatomical relationships.
Surface flattening of 4H-SiC (0001) epitaxial wafers by high temperature oxidation
Authors: Zhao Siqi , Wang Jiulong , Yan Guoguo , Shen Zhanwei , Zhao Wanshun , Wang Lei , Liu Xingfang , Sun Guosheng , Zeng Yiping 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Due to the special ‘step-controlled epitaxy’ mode of 4H-SiC, it is easy to generate step bunching on the surface. Although the flatness of epitaxial wafers has been greatly improved with the advancement of epitaxy technology, there are still localized steps on the surface of some certain wafers. The presence of localized steps can affect the performance of the subsequently fabricated devices. Therefore, minimizing or even eliminating the local steps of the epitaxial surface to obtain an atomically smooth surface is very important. Here, we utilize a high-temperature oxidation process to reduce the size of the giant steps and obtain a flatter epitaxial surface. We found that oxidation parameters such as temperature, pressure, and time play an important role in the surface planarization, and the degree of planarization can be further improved by multiple oxidation processes. In addition, although the oxidation rate under low pressure is lower than that under atmospheric pressure, a smoother epitaxial surface can be obtained. Our results demonstrate the possibility of obtaining atomically smooth surfaces through a high-temperature oxidation process.
Effect of hydrogen bond on phase transition behavior of polyamides during stretching process
Authors: Li Yufang , Nie Danli , Xiang Zhining , Cai Ziqing , Wang Jintao 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
During the fiber spinning process, the stretching process is the key to improve the mechanical properties of materials. It is very important to study the effect of hydrogen bond density on the aggregation structure evolution of polyamide for the preparation of high-performance fibers. In this paper, three kinds of polyamides (polyamide 6, polyamide 612 and polyamide 1212) were comparatively studied. In these three polyamides, the hydrogen bond density showed a gradient trend. With the increase of hydrogen bond density, the tensile strength and crystallinity of the materials gradually increased. The phase transition process of the three polyamides had significant difference. This was due to the difference of hydrogen bond density which resulted in different thermally stability of crystal blocks. Finally, the phase evolution schematic of polyamides depending on hydrogen bond density and stretching strains was established.
First principles calculations to investigate Li-based quaternary Heusler compounds LiHfCoX (X = Ge, Sn) for thermoelectric applications
Authors: Kaur Tavneet , Singh Jaspal , Goyal Megha , Kaur Kulwinder , Khandy Shakeel Ahmad , Bhat Muzzammil Ahmad , Sharopov Utkir Bahodirovich , Dhiman Shobhna , Wani Aadil Fayaz , Rani Bindu , Sinha M M , Verma S S 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In the last few decades, varieties of semiconductors have been explored for electronic and thermoelectric applications. As a result of these motivations, the current research work investigates the structural, electronic, vibrational, elastic, mechanical, thermodynamic, and thermoelectric properties of two quaternary Heuslers (QHs), namely LiHfCoGe and LiHfCoSn (both of which are semiconducting in nature), within the computational framework of DensityFunctional Theory (DFT) and Boltzmann transport equations. Both alloys display the p-type semiconductivity, dynamical stability and crystallize in the FCC cubic structure within F-43 m space group. The high Seebeck coefficient values pronounce an excellent and fundamental thermoelectric character. The large melting points expose their scope in the high-temperature regions. However, all of the thermoelectric characteristics are also measured in terms of the estimated relaxation time using deformation potential theory. Even though the figure of merit (ZT) is in the middle of the pack yet better than many compounds of the same sort. The impact of spin–orbit coupling on the thermoelectric characteristics is also examined. The practical utilization of the materials can be evaluated from the elastic and mechanical properties that are favorable in manufacturing efficient and reliable Thermoelectric Modules at high-temperatures.
Bidirectional quantum operation teleportation with a six-qubit composite Bell-GHZ state
Authors: Zhou Jun , Yuan Hao , Kong Min , Zhang Gang 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
A bidirectional quantum operation teleportation scheme is proposed by utilizing a six-qubit composite Bell-GHZ state. In which, two users Anne and Benson can perform their respective concerned single-qubit operations on each other’s target states. Compared with the other existing schemes of quantum operation teleportation (QOT), the present scheme can realize the remote implement of the positive and negative two-way quantum operations, which not only improves the communication capacity, but also expands the application scenarios of QOT. Additionally, it is deterministic and feasible with the present experimental techniques.
Statistics of diffusive encounters with a small target: three complementary approaches
Authors: Grebenkov Denis S 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Diffusive search for a static target is a common problem in statistical physics with numerous applications in chemistry and biology. We look at this problem from a different perspective and investigate the statistics of encounters between the diffusing particle and the target. While an exact solution of this problem was recently derived in the form of a spectral expansion over the eigenbasis of the Dirichlet-to-Neumann operator, the latter is generally difficult to access for an arbitrary target. In this paper, we present three complementary approaches to approximate the probability density of the rescaled number of encounters with a small target in a bounded confining domain. In particular, we derive a simple fully explicit approximation, which depends only on a few geometric characteristics such as the surface area and the harmonic capacity of the target, and the volume of the confining domain. We discuss the advantages and limitations of three approaches and check their accuracy. We also deduce an explicit approximation for the distribution of the first-crossing time, at which the number of encounters exceeds a prescribed threshold. Its relations to common first-passage time problems are discussed.
The coordinate sensitive detector with high space and time resolution based on the MA-20 multianode PMT
Authors: Brekhovskikh V. , Gorin A. , Dyatchenko V. , Medynsky M. , Rykalin V. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The work is dedicated to the discussion of the possibility of creating a position-sensitive detector with high coordinate reconstruction. The paper presents the simulation results and the experimentally obtained data for a prototype detector based on the MA-20 multianode PMT [1] and a linear stack of scintillating crystal or plastic strips. The multianode position-sensitive PMT MA-20 has a semitransparent bi-alkaline photocathode with the size of the sensitive area of 10 × 200 mm2, 10 evaporated type bi-alkaline type dynodes of the same length, and 20 separated anodes. This PM is the invention of the authors. The maximum gain of the dynode system is 106. The stack of scintillating strips made of GSO (gadolinium orthosilicate) crystals with an element size of 3 × 10 × 50 mm3, of BGO (bismuth germanate) crystals with an element size of 5 × 15 × 40 mm3, and finally stack of strips made of a plastic scintillator with an element size of 5 × 10 × 200 mm3 were used for experimental measurement of a spatial resolution of the detector prototype. Space resolution was determined by the position of the center of gravity of charges of neighboring anodes [2]. As a source of radiation, the collimated 137Cs (γ 0.662 MeV) and 90Sr (β− 2.283 MeV) were used, the measured number of photoelectrons is 10–20 of one element of the stack, depending on the scintillating strip type. The use of a multi-anode photomultiplier in combination with the stack of crystal or plastic scintillators allows one to get a simple linear detector with high performance in spatial resolution and also with a low level of intrinsic noise in comparison, for example, with silicon PMT. A resolution simulation was performed for a system consisting of a one-dimensional stack of scintillation strips placed on the photocathode of a multi-anode PMT for different values of the strips width and the number of photoelectrons of one strip. The experimental dependences of the signal value versus position of optical fiber with a diameter of 1 mm on the photocathode of the 20 anodes PMT were also measured that allowed to specify the coordinate resolution for the described detector. As a result of processing the collected data, spatial resolution was obtained at the level of 1 mm. The obtained results are in good agreement with the simulation results.
High-power inductive coupler with a high-voltage DC blocker
Authors: Kaizer B. , Zchut T. , Weissman L. , Perry A. , Eizenshtat M. , Gavish I. , Rodnizki J. , Polikarpov I. , Farber E. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The authors of this study developed a high-power inductive
coupler with a high-voltage DC blocker that is capable of delivering
up to 100 kW of CW RF power at 176 MHz and 4 kV DC. The
high-power indictive coupler was developed at the Soreq Nuclear
Research Center for the radio-frequency quadrupole of the Soreq
Applied Research Accelerator Facility. The purpose of the DC blocker
is to enable the application of high-voltage DC bias to the inner
conductors of the couplers in order to prevent the multipacting
phenomena. A new, mechanically and thermally improved, version of
the RF coupler is designed and implemented in conjunction with the
DC blocker. The underlying design principles, indigenous
development, and results of tests of the coupler are presented
here.
Reversed and comparable climate impacts from historical anthropogenic aerosol and GHG on global-scale tropical cyclone genesis potential
Authors: Cao Jian , Wang Hao , Zhao Haikun , Wang Bin , Wu Liguang , Wang Chao 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Emissions of anthropogenic aerosol and greenhouse gases (GHG) have significantly altered various aspects of the climate extremes in recent decades, yet, the observed global tropical cyclone frequency (TCF) shows no significant trend. Untangling this puzzle requires a better understanding of the precise contributions of the individual anthropogenic forcing to global TCF changes. Here, we quantify the relative contributions of anthropogenic aerosol and GHG to global TCF, represented by genesis potential index (GPI), using the single anthropogenic forcing experiments from the 14 Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 6 (CMIP6) models. We find that the two forcings have comparable but opposite impacts on GPIs due to their influences on the TC environment, leading to an insignificant change in GPIs in the historical period (1850–2014). Notably, the aerosol radiative forcing’s intensity is only about one-third of that of GHG, suggesting a more effective modulation of aerosol forcing on GPIs. The stable global TC frequency during the past decades could be attributable to the similar pace of the two anthropogenic emissions. The results highlight that a reliable global TC projection depends on both the aerosol and GHG emission policies.
Advancing 3D shaping of vectorial light by counter-propagation of self-healing scalar and vector Bessel–Gaussian beams
Authors: Asché Eric , Otte Eileen , Denz Cornelia 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
It is well known that counter-propagation of structured light fields allows shaping of three-dimensional (3D) structures in amplitude, phase, or polarization. Here, we numerically demonstrate the potential of implementing non-diffracting Bessel–Gaussian (BG) beams for advancing this approach by taking advantage of its characteristic propagation behavior. In this context, we investigate the self-healing property in this counter-propagating configuration, observing a spin angular momentum (SAM) variation and the formation of a continuous orbital angular momentum (OAM) gradient in longitudinal direction. Additionally, by counter-propagation of BG beams of different types, namely, scalar and vector BG beams, we are able to increase the complexity of accessible 3D structured fields, revealing combined amplitude, phase, and polarization modulation in all spatial dimensions. Thereby, the SAM and OAM of the input light fields can be used to design the resulting 3D structure and its angular momenta. The presented light fields open new possibilities for customized optical trapping potentials and allow new insights into fundamental spin–orbit interaction in counter-propagating superpositions of structured fields.
Clustering matrices through optimal permutations
Authors: Morone Flaviano 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Matrices are two-dimensional data structures allowing one to conceptually organize information. For example, adjacency matrices are useful to store the links of a network; correlation matrices are simple ways to arrange gene co-expression data or correlations of neuronal activities. Clustering matrix entries into geometric patterns that are easy to interpret helps us to understand and explain the functional and structural organization of the system components described by matrix entries. Here we introduce a theoretical framework to cluster a matrix into a desired pattern by performing a similarity transformation obtained by solving an optimization problem named optimal permutation problem. On the numerical side, we present an efficient clustering algorithm that can be applied to any type of matrix, including non-normal and singular matrices.
We apply our algorithm to the neuronal correlation matrix and the synaptic adjacency matrix of the Caenorhabditis elegans nervous system by performing different types of clustering, using block-diagonal, nested, banded, and triangular patterns. Some of these clustering patterns show their biological significance in that they separate matrix entries into groups that match the experimentally known classification of C. elegans neurons into four broad categories made up of interneurons, motor, sensory, and polymodal neurons.
The Grace Note and the Vampire: Adaptation in an Age of Intellectual Property
Authors: Layman Thomas 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This article attempts to examine in further detail the discourse involved in the difference between adaptation studies and intertextuality. I argue that the field of adaptation studies makes a fundamental but often overlooked assumption in its self-definition: that author and adaptors pre-date the works they are creating. I propose instead that an author doesn’t create a work, but that a work creates an author. This is not universally true, but material in eras and locations in which legal institutions attempt to define authorship. My observation is relevant when considering the modern institution of copyright and the effect IP laws have had on the environment generative of adaptations. The consequences of these effects result in authorship often assigned after the creation of a work and lengthy legal hand-wringing.
Value Pluralism in Restoration Aesthetics
Authors: Hales Steven D 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In the restoration of art and artifacts there are three salient types of value to consider: relic, aesthetic, and practical. Relic value includes an object’s age, aura, originality, authenticity, and epistemic value. Aesthetic value is connected to how an object looks, sounds, or tastes. Practical value involves whether a thing can be used as designed—whether a book can be read, a building occupied, a car driven. I argue that while these are all legitimate values, it is impossible for a restorer to maximize them all. I conclude that restoration inexorably involves aesthetic choices; there is no supreme value to be maximized and we should be pluralists about the right balance of values. Restoration is like baking a cake; there are many wrong ways to do it, but there are many right ways as well.
Dimensions of end-of-life preferences in the Swiss general population aged 55+
Authors: Borrat-Besson Carmen , Vilpert Sarah , Jox Ralf J , Borasio Gian Domenico , Maurer Jürgen 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
understanding end-of-life preferences in the general population and how they are structured in people’s minds is essential to inform how to better shape healthcare services in accordance with population expectations for their end of life and optimise communication on end-of-life care issues.

Objective
explore key dimensions underlying end-of-life preferences in a nationally representative sample of adults aged 55 and over in Switzerland.

Methods
respondents (n = 2,514) to the Swiss version of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe assessed the importance of 23 end-of-life items on a 4-point Likert scale. The factorial structure of the underlying end-of-life preferences was examined using exploratory structural equation modelling.

Results
four dimensions underlying end-of-life preferences were identified: a medical dimension including aspects related to pain management and the maintenance of physical and cognitive abilities; a psychosocial dimension encompassing aspects related to social and spiritual support; a control dimension addressing the need to achieve some control and to put things in order before death; and a burden dimension reflecting wishes not to be a burden to others and to feel useful to others.

Conclusion
highlighting the multi-dimensionality of end-of-life preferences, our results reaffirm the importance of a holistic and comprehensive approach to the end of life. Our results also provide a general framework that may guide the development of information and awareness campaigns on end-of-life care issues in the general population, informational materials and guidelines to support healthy individuals in end-of-life thinking and planning, and advance directive templates appropriate for healthy individuals.
Identification of a SGCD × Discrimination Interaction Effect on Systolic Blood Pressure in African American Adults in the Jackson Heart Study
Authors: Hsiao Chu J , Dumeny Leanne , Bress Adam P , Johnson Dayna A , Shimbo Daichi , Cavallari Larisa H , Mulligan Connie J 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

BACKGROUND
In the United States, hypertension disproportionately afflicts over half of African American adults, many of whom also experience racial discrimination. Understanding gene × discrimination effects may help explain racial disparities in hypertension.

METHODS
We tested for the main effects and interactive effects of 5 candidate single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs: rs2116737, rs11190458, rs2445762, rs2597955, and rs2416545) and experiences of discrimination on blood pressure (BP) in African Americans not taking antihypertensive medications in the Jackson Heart Study from Mississippi (n = 2,933). Multiple linear regression models assumed an additive genetic model and adjusted for ancestry, age, sex, body mass index, education, and relatedness. We additionally tested recessive and dominant genetic models.

RESULTS
Discrimination was significantly associated with higher diastolic BP (P = 0.003). In contrast, there were no main effects of any SNP on BP. When analyzing SNPs and discrimination together, SGCD (Sarcoglycan Delta; rs2116737) demonstrated a gene × environment interaction. Specifically, an SGCD × Discrimination interaction was associated with systolic BP (β =1.95, P = 0.00028) in a recessive model. Participants carrying a T allele, regardless of discrimination experiences, and participants with a GG genotype and high experiences of discrimination had higher systolic BP than participants with a GG genotype and low experiences of discrimination. This finding suggests the SGCD GG genotype may have a protective effect on systolic BP, but only in a setting of low discrimination.

CONCLUSIONS
The inclusion of culturally relevant stressors, like discrimination, may be important to understand the gene-environment interplay likely underlying complex diseases with racial health inequities.