bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PENINGKATAN KETERAMPILAN BERHITUNG SISWA MELALUI PENERAPAN MEDIA BRAILLE BAPER DI SLB CURUP
Authors: Coryzoeniawati Coryzoeniawati 
Published: January 2022

Getting proper education is the right of every citizen, both normal students and students with special needs (disabilities). In this case, the tools and learning media needed are very important to support teaching and learning activities. However, there are more learning tools and media available for normal students than students with special needs. The results of the observations that the author saw in SLB Rejang Lebong were still lacking in learning tools in special schools, especially learning tools for counting, especially blind children. Thus encouraging the author to be able to create a learning aid, especially in numeracy skills for children with disabilities, especially blind children in SLB Rejang Lebong Bengkulu.
Starting from the problem above, the writer tries to deal with this problem by creating learning media, especially for blind children, namely "Braile Baper" which is simultaneously used as a research on the principle of usefulness of the tool in SLB Rejang Lebong which is a tool used. to practice multiplication counting skills in a simple and fast and not boring way so that it is expected to be useful to help improve understanding of blind children in learning media for numeracy skills in mathematics, especially in arithmetic operations material. The results of the application of the Braille Baper learning media that the student activities observed during the learning process were good, seen in the student activity observation sheets as well as interviews with students applying the Braille Baper learning media were responded positively and effectively applied in learning, especially for blind children.
PENANGANAN DAMPAK VIRUS CORONA (COVID-19) DALAM KEGIATAN PENGABDIAN KEPADA MASYARAKAT OLEH DOSEN DAN MAHASISWA DI DESA KARANGJOMPO KEC. TIRTO DAN DESA API-API KEC. WONOKERTO KAB. PEKALONGAN
Authors: Nasir StRahmatullah , Wahyu Permadi Yulian 
Published: January 2022

Infeksi virus corona disebut COVID-19 dan pertama kali ditemukan di kota Wuhan, Cina, pada akhir Desember 2019. Virus ini menular dengan cepat dan telah menyebar ke wilayah lain di Cina dan ke beberapa negara, termasuk Indonesia. Corona virus adalah kumpulan virus yang bisa menginfeksi sistem pernapasan. Dengan kondisi demikian perlu adanya keprihatinan seluruh dosen Program Studi Sarjana Farmasi Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan Universitas Muhammadiyah Pekajangan Pekalongan untuk melakukan pengabdian kepada masyarakat penanganan pencegahan virus korona di wilayah kabupaten pekalongan untuk memberikan solusi pencegahan dengan tujuan untuk menekan jumlah penderita virus corona. Pengabdian masyarakat dosen juga bertujuan untuk memberikan/mengabdikan ilmu yang dimilikinya untuk peningkatan kualitas hidup masyarakat baik dibidang kesehatan atau di bidang ekonomi. Metode pelaksanaan yang diterapkan adalah dengan Memberikan informasi mengenai bagaimana langkah-langkah yang perlu dilakukan untuk pencegahan apabila terjadi gejala-gejala terinfeksi Virus Covid 19. Memberikan informasi kepada masyarakat mengenai pola hidup bersih dan sehat terutama untuk pencegahan virus covid 19 yang saat sedang mewabah. Memberikan bantuan paket sembako kepada masyarakat, sehingga bisa sedikit meringankan beban permasalahan ekonomi karena masa pandemi ini sebagian besar masyarakat terdampak yaitu banyak lapangan pekerjaan yang hilang. Memberikan handsanitizer dan handwasher kepada masyarakat, tempat ibadah (masjid, mushola), perkantoran di lingkungan Desa Karangjompo Kec. Tirto dan Desa Api-api Kec. Wonokerto Kab. Pekalongan.
PERENCANAAN STRATEGIS DALAM UPAYA PENINGKATAN MUTU LULUSAN DI MTs DARUL ILMI PANGKALAN BERANDAN
Authors: Diyan Yusri Anggun Indah Sari Rambe, Pitri Nasution, 
Published: January 2022

Tujuan dari penelitian ini sebagai berikut:1) Untuk mendeskripsikan perencanaan strategis yang di MTs Darul Ilmi Pangkalan Berandan. 2) Untuk mendeskripsikan mekanisme pelaksanaan perencanaan di sekolah MTs Darul Ilmi Pangkalan Berandan.3) Untuk mendeskripsikan cara menyusun perencanaan strategis yang efektif dan optimal di MTs Darul Ilmi Pangkalan Berandan.4) Untuk mendeskripsikan perencanaan manajemen strategis tersebut dikaitkan dengan visi misi sekolah MTs Darul Ilmi Pangkalan Berandan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif, dengan pengambilan data, wawancara, dokumentasi, dan subjek ini adalah kepala madrasah, wakil kepala madrasah, dan guru bidang studi. Adapun hasil penelitian ini adalah berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang peneliti temukan di MTs Darul Ilmi Pangkalan Berandan adalah bagaimana perencanaan strategis yang telah dilakukan oleh kepala madrasah. Setiap pemimpin jika ingin membuat suatu program maka ia harus membuat planning(perencanaan). Penyusunan strategi d sekolah ini dimulai dari mengembangkan pernyataan visi dan misi, melakukan audit internal dan eksternal, menetapkan tujuan jangka panjang, menyusun rencana strategis dan menciptakan mutu lulusan secara efektif dan efesien dengan langkah strategi mempunyai komponen, langkah- langkah strategi yang pertama penguatan kepada SDM guru. Mekanisme penerapan rencana strategis dengan cara membenahi terlebih dahulu guru setelah itu siswanya tahap berikutnya membenahi strukturnya tahap akhir keberhasilan yang akan berkelanjutan. Sehingga sekolah ini menjadi sekolah yang terfavoritkan di Pangkalan Berandan mempunyai jumlah murid yang banyak untuk masuk di sekolah ini.
Analisis Faktor Penyebab Kesulitan Belajar Matematika Kelas IV Sekolah Dasar Negeri
Authors: Rika Audina Dara Fitrah Dwi, 
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) Mengetahui kesulitan yang dialami siswa dalam belajar matematika kelas; (2) Mengetahui penyebab siswa kesulitan dalam belajar matematika di kelas; (3) Mengungkapkan upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk mengatasi kesulitan belajar matematika kelas IV Sekolah Dasar Negeri. Sumber data penelitian ini adalah kelas IV Sekolah Dasar Negeri. Pengumpulan data penelitian ini dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan instrumen penelitian berupa angket, lembar pedoman observasi dan panduan wawancara. Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan beberapa kesimpuan yakni: (1) Kesulitan belajar matematika terdiri dari tiga kompenen yaitu kesulitan memahami konsep, kesulitan dalam keterampilan, dan kesulitan memecahkan masalah; (2) Faktor yang menyebabkan kesulitan belajar matematika berasal dari faktor internal dan faktor eksternal. Faktor internal meliputi sikap siswa dalam belajar matematika, motivasi belajar siswa yang masih rendah, kesehatan tubuh yang tidak optimal, dan kemampuan pengindraan siswa yang kurang. Sedangkan faktor eksternal antara lain kurangnya variasi mengajar guru, penggunaan media pembelajaran yang belum maksimal, sarana prasarana di sekolah, serta lingkungan keluarga; (3) Upaya yang dapat dilakukan dengan mengajarkan matematika dengan menyenangkan, menggunakan media pembelajaran yang kongret, memperbanyak latihan soal, dan menjalin kerja sama dengan orang tua siswa.
TEMPERAMENTAL DIMENSIONS AMONG YOUNG STUTTERERS AND TYPICALLY DEVELOPING CHILDREN
Authors: Mushtaq Zubia , Mumtaz Nazia , Saqulain Ghulam 
Published: January 2022

Objective: To compare the temperamental characteristics of children who stutter with those who do not stutter.
Study Design: Comparative cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Ayub Medical Complex, Abbottabad, from Jun to Nov 2018.
Methodology: We recruited 120 children of both genders aged 3-8 years. Sample recruited included two groups including 60 children with stuttering (CWS) and 60 children with no stuttering (CWNS), using consecutive sampling. After taking consent, data was gathered using demographic sheet and Children Behavioral Questionnaire (CBQ) from the sample population. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS-21.
Results: The sample included 82 (68.3% males and 38 (31.7%) female children. t-test results of children with stuttering and children with no stuttering showed statistically significant difference for effortful control (p<0.05) including dimension of inhibitory control, low intensity pleasure and perceptual sensitivity. However, the values for Surgency Extraversion and Negative affectivity were not statistically significant though results showed higher and lower mean scores respectively for stutterers compared to non-stutterers. However, the dimensions of anger, frustration, discomfort and falling reactivity showed statistically significant difference (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Children with stuttering and children with no stuttering differ in their temperamental characteristics with statistically significant difference for effortful control with lower control in stutterers.
OCCUPATIONAL NOISE INDUCED HEARING LOSS: IT’S FREQUENCY & RISK FACTORS
Authors: Pattafi Muhammad Javid Iqbal , Mumtaz Nazia , Saqulain Ghulam 
Published: January 2022

Objective: To determine the frequency and risk factors of occupational noise induced hearing loss.
Study Design: Cross sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Dispensary Unit of Jaith Bhuta Sugar Mill near Rahim Yar Khan, Southern Punjab.from Aug 2017 to Jan 2018.
Methodology: This study was conducted using nonprobability consecutive sampling. n=300 workers of bothgenders aged 18-40 years were assessed. Basic demographic parameters, otoscopic examination and Pure Tone Audiometry were used for data collection. The Data was analyzed by using SPSS version 21.
Results: Study included 215 (71.7%) males and 85 (28.3%) females with male to female ratio of 2.53: 1 and meanage of 28.34 ± 4.61 years. The frequency rate of hearing impairment (HI) was 90 (30%) out of 300 respondents inthis study. Out of 70 (100%) of respondents were affected with duration of job of 6-10 years. There was significant association between gender, age, education, duration of noise exposure with occupational noise induced hearing loss with p-value <0.001.
Conclusion: There was high frequency of occupational noise induced hearing loss (ONIHL) with significantrisk factors being level and duration of exposure to noise (ETN), age, gender, education and hearing protectivedevices (HPD)’s.
FREQUENCY OF BONE EROSION ON COMPUTERIZED TOMOGRAPGHY SCAN IN ALLERGIC FUNGAL RHINOSINUSITIS
Authors: Ali Muhammad , Attiq Saima , Raza Sayed Nusrat , Hakim Abdul , Ahmed Shakeel , Ali Shaukat , Akbar Farhan , Abbas Syed Waqar 
Published: January 2022

Objective: To analyze the frequency and sites of bone erosion on computerized tomograghy scan in Allergic Fungal Rhinosinustis in Pakistan.
Study Design: Retrospective observational study.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of ENT, Combined Military Hospital Lahore, Malir Karachi and Rawalpindi, from Jan 2010 to Dec 2019.
Methodology: Total 230 cases of Allergic Fungal Rhinosinusitis were screened, out of which 85 patients having bone erosions on computerized tomograpghy scan were included in the study. Bone erosion in different paranasal sinuses and their sub sites were evaluated. Depending upon the number of bone erosion, patients were divided into three categories as mild, moderate and severe. Those having erosion at a single site were labelled as mild, those with two sub sites of erosion as moderate and those with more than two subsites of erosion were labelled as severe cases.
Results: Detailed evaluation of computerized tomography scan of paranasal sinuses revealed bone erosion in 85/230 (36.9%) cases. Mean affected age was 23.96 ± 12.71 years. There were 52 (61.1%) males and 33 (38.9%) females. Ethmoid sinus was the most commonly involved sinus to have bone erosions 55 (38.19%) followed by maxillary sinus 38 (26.38%) then sphenoid sinus 27 (18.75%) and lastly frontal sinus 24 (16.6%). Out of 85 patients 48 (56.1%) were having mild, 22 (25.8%) moderate and 15 (17.6%) had severe disease.
Conclusion: Allergic Fungal Rhinosinusitis has high frequency of bone erosion. Computerized tomography scan is an important and effective investigation in finding these bony erosions and ethmoid sinus is the.....
EXPERIENCE OF DOING ENDOSCOPIC SINUS SURGERY FOR CHRONIC MAXILLARY SINUSITIS WITHOUT PRE-OPERATIVE CT-SCAN IN A PERIPHERAL HOSPITAL
Authors: Asghar Adnan , Aslam Sohail , Bukhari Syed Muhammad Asad Shabbir , Ijaz Umar , Iqbal Shahid , Latif Saira 
Published: January 2022

Objective: To determine frequency of our complications of endoscopic sinus surgery without pre-operative CT-Scan and to compare this frequency with other similar studies done with the help of pre-operative CT-Scans.
Study Design: Cross sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: ENT Department, Combined Military Hospital Skardu Pakistan, from Jun 2017 to Jun 2019.
Methodology: Total 69 patients (116 Sides) were operated under general anesthesia by using 0 and 30 degree endoscopes to address the Maxillary sinusitis. Frequency of complications was compared to other studies by applying chi-square test for goodness of fit. The complications were also correlated to ages of patients by applying Spearman correlation analysis.
Results: Mean age was 29.75 ± 10.9 years (range 15-75). Overall complications rate was 4.3% (5 out of 116 sides, 95% confidence interval 4.23-4.4). Peri-orbital ecchymosis and peri-orbital emphysema were most commonly occurring complications (4.3%). This complication rate was compared to few other studies, which proved that difference was not statistically significant. Correlation of occurrences of orbital complications with the age proved that there was no statistically significant correlation (Correlation coefficient r=-0.085, p-value 0.276).
Conclusion: Isolated chronic maxillary sinusitis refractory to medical treatment can be treated by endoscopic sinus surgery without pre-operative CT-Scan.
TOTAL ENDOSCOPIC STAPES SURGERY. OUR TECHNIQUE AND EXPERIENCE OF 45 CASES
Authors: Najam Muhammad Atif , Sarwar Urwa , Raza Maqbool , Khan Khalid Azam , Saleem Humaira , Niazi Najam-Us-Saqib , Rashid Muhammad , Riaz Naeem 
Published: January 2022

Objective: To assess the hearing results of transcanal endoscopic stapedotomy
Study Design: Descriptive study.
Place and Duration of Study: Pakistan Naval Ship Hafeez Islamabad Pakistan, from Jun 2016 to Jun 2020.
Methodology: All patients with surgically confirmed otosclerosis were included in the study. All patients were operated with 0-degree 3mm, 14cm rigid endoscope under general anesthesia. Preoperative and post operative air bone gap was noted along with demographic data, middle ear anomalies (persistent stapedial artery, dehiscent facial nerve, anteriorly placed facial nerve, floating foot plate) and injury to chorda tympani. Postoperative air bone gap (A-B Gap) was documented 12 weeks after surgery. All patients were followed up for 6-12 months
Results: Mean age of patients was, 37 years and standard deviation was 12.34 (range 27-52 years). Out of total 45 cases 13 were males (29%) and 32 females (71.%). Four (8.8%) patients had dehiscent facial canal and 1 (2.2%) patient had persistent stapedial artery. Average preoperative A-B gap was 35 db and Average Postoperative A-B Gap was 7 db. Chorda tympani was preserved in all cases. One patient (2.2%) complained of altered taste which resolved after 3 months. Four patients had Postoperative vertigo that lasted 2 days on average.
Conclusion: Endoscopic trans canal Stapes surgery is scarless safe effective procedure demonstrable hearing benefits in all patients with minimum complications. The Technique is single handed and has steep learning curve.
DEPRESSION AND ITS ASSOCIATED FACTORS: A STUDY ON CAREGIVERS OF PSYCHIATRIC PATIENTS
Authors: Sohail Nomita , Hussain Shiraz , Kakar Siddique , Khan Sana , Alimudin Mohsin , Kamran Mohammad , Ali Sohail 
Published: January 2022

Objective: To determine the frequency and association of depression among caregivers of psychiatric patients.
Study Design: Cross-sectional study.
Study place and duration: Outpatient Department of a Tertiary Care Hospital, Rawalpindi, from Sep 2016 to Apr 2017.
Methodology: A total of 200 caregivers of psychiatric patients were included in this study. Each caregiver was interviewed by a consultant psychiatrist to measure the frequency of depression according to International Classification of Disease-10 (ICD10) criteria and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) score of >8. Socio-demographic factors were associated with presence of depression by using chi-square test.
Results: The mean age observed was 35.36 ± 8.39 years. There were 84 (42%) males and 116 (58%) females. Depression was found in 95 (47.5%) caregivers of psychiatric patients in our analysis. Female gender, low socio-economic status and type of psychiatric illness had significant relationship with presence of depression among our target population.
Conclusion: Depression was a highly common undiagnosed entity among the caregivers of psychiatric patients. Female caregivers or caregivers with low socio-economic status should be screened especially for depression in addition to caregivers of patients suffering from psychotic illness.
DISSERTATION WRITING: AN ANALYSIS OF VARIOUS BARRIERS TO ITS SUCCESS IN PROMOTING RESEARCH CULTURE IN PAKISTAN
Authors: Nawaz Qudsia , Tabbasum Humaira , Baqai Shehla 
Published: January 2022

Objective: To identify evidence of success or otherwise of measures like dissertation to promote high quality medical research in the students undergoing postgraduate specialty training despite of many efforts, the quality of medical research in the country remains in turmoil and unrest prevails in the medical community as well.
Study Design: Cross-sectional survey.
Place and Duration of Study: Combined Military Hospital Lahore Pakistan, from Jan 2017 to Dec 2018.
Methodology: This study was conducted by using Google forms, interviewing the college’s affiliates, which include supervisors, fresh graduates and current trainees using a structured questionnaire, to get an idea of the participants’ view regarding magnitude of the problem, its causes and possible solution.
Results: A total of 94 participants responded to the online questionnaire. Among these, 34 (36%) fell in the age group 29-34 years, followed by 19 (20.2%) in the age group 35-40 years. Among the participants, 56 (59.6%) were females. Sixty-six (74%) participants agreed that dissertation writing was not an effective tool in promoting research culture in the country.
Conclusion: The current system of Dissertation-writing is not efficient in promoting research skills of the postgraduate trainees and systemic improvements are urgently needed, which would also brighten the image of medical education in the country.
ASSESSMENT OF SLEEP QUALITY IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS: A PROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY FROM A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE
Authors: Batool Syeda Ramsha , Hasan Insia , Dars Jawed Akbar , Batool Rabisa , Ahmed Syed Masroor , Iqbal Muhammad 
Published: January 2022

Objective: To evaluate the quality of sleep-in patients diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM).
Study Design: Prospective observational study.
Place and Duration of Duration: Psychiatry Department and Medicine Ward of Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Karachi Pakistan, from Apr to Nov 2018.
Methodology: All patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus were included in the study. All cases under age 30, type I diabetes, gestational diabetes and patients with severe illness were excluded. The data of sociodemographic lifestyle factors was collected through a pre-designed semi-structured questionnaire and sleep quality of patients was assessed using Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). The results of the data were analyzed by using SPSS version 24.
Results: Out of 260 patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, 197 (76%) were female. The mean age of the sample was 55.7 ± 9.89 years, with only 54 (20.8%) having normal body mass index. More than 50% of sample was poor sleepers and educational status was found to be strongly associated with quality of sleep (p-value <0.05).
Conclusion: The present study indicates that patients with Diabetes Mellitus often experienced sleep irregularities hence poor sleep quality. There is a need to increase the awareness regarding sleep quality among patients and health professionals as well while assessing the patients with Diabetes Mellitus.
EFFECTIVENESS OF STEROIDS VERSUS IMMUNOMODULATORS INTREATMENT OF VERNAL KERATO-CONJUNCTIVITIS. A STUDY AT ARMED FORCES INSTITUTE OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
Authors: Arsalan Zahra , Zafar Omer , Naqvi Syed Abid Hassan , Ain Qurat Ul 
Published: January 2022

Objective: To evaluate whether steroids or immunomodulator is a better mode of treatment in long term management of vernal keratoconjunctivitis.Study Design: A quasi experimental study.
Place and Duration of Study: Armed Forces institute of Ophthalmology, Rawalpindi, from Feb 2019 to Oct 2019.
Methodology: Ninety-two patients in between ages of 5-20 years were divided into two equal groups of 46 patients each. After instillation of 0.1% Fluoromethalone (steroid) into both eyes of patients of vernal keratoconjunctivitis, in group A and outcomes were compared with those of 0.05% Cyclosporine (immunomodulator) administered in the same manner in group B. All the patients were followed up regularly after 1, 3, and 6 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months and data recorded for inference.
Results: Both the drugs were found to effectively reduce the foreign body sensation but had no or minimal effect on visual acuity and intraocular pressure (p-vale<0.001). Few patients in steroid group showed noticeable rise of intraocular pressure. (p=0.02). Cyclosporine was found to markedly reduce the mucoid discharge and photophobia without any adverse side effects (p-value=0.02).
Conclusion: Cyclosporine appears to be more effective in control of mucous discharge and inflammation than steroids in vernal keratoconjunctivitis with minimal or no side effects and hence was found to be a safe alternative to steroid usage in long-term treatment groups.
COMPARISON OF HAEMODYNAMIC STABILITY WITH 0.5% AND 0.75% HYPERBARIC BUPIVACAINE DURING SPINAL ANAESTHESIA IN WOMEN UNDERGOING CAESAREAN SECTION
Authors: Iftikhar Hina , Aslam Aneel , Rehman Habib Ur , Ali Zulfiqar , Abbass Mohammad Ali , Haider Zulfiqar 
Published: January 2022

Objective: To compare the effect of 0.5% and 0.75% hyperbaric Bupivacaine on haemodynamic stability in terms of mean systolic blood pressure and heart rate recorded at 4 min in patients undergoing caesarian section in spinal anesthesia.
Study Design: Quasi experimental study.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Anaesthesiology, Combined Military Hospital, Malir, from Jul to Dec 2018.
Methodology: The patients were assigned in two groups (A and B) using lottery method. Group A received 0.5% hyperbaric Bupivacaine solution. Group B received 0.5% hyperbaric Bupivacaine solution. Spinal anaesthesia was given, blood pressure and heart rate were recorded. Data were analyzed in SPSS version 23. Both groups were compared for mean systolic blood pressure and heart rate by using independent sample t-test.
Results: The mean age of patients was 29.62 ± 6.21 years in 0.75% Bupivacaine group while 29.31 ± 6.20 years in 0.5% Bupivacaine group. The mean systolic blood pressure of patients was 111.63 ± 5.96 mmHg in 0.75% Bupivacaine group while 117.16 ± 7.12 mmHg in 0.5% Bupivacaine group. The difference was significant in both groups (p-value <0.05). The mean heart rate of patients was 92.27 ± 4.71 beats per min (bpm) in 0.75% Bupivacaine group while 97.68 ± 4.58 bpm in 0.5% Bupivacaine group. The difference was significant in both groups (p-value <0.05).
Conclusion: 0.5% hyperbaric Bupivacaine was better than 0.75% hyperbaric Bupivacaine solution in spinal anaesthesia during caesarean section.