bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alleviation of loperamide‐induced constipation with sticky rice fermented huangjiu by the regulation of serum neurotransmitters and gut microbiota
Authors: Feng Xinjing , Shi Ying , Zhou Zhilei , Ji Zhongwei , Zhou Weibiao , Chen Shuguang , Mao Jian 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDHuangjiu is an important component of traditional fermented food. It is produced by cereal fermentation. Sticky rice fermented huangjiu is an abundant source of polysaccharides, oligosaccharides, proteins, amino acids, and flavor compounds (POPAF), and it has been used as a dietary supplement and pharmaceutical ingredient. The purpose of this study is to explore the alleviation of constipation using sticky rice fermented huangjiu, with the aim of providing a basis for the nutritional treatment of constipation.RESULTSSticky rice fermented huangjiu was more effective in the alleviation of constipation than same concentration of ethanol treatment on serum neurotransmitters, gut microbiota, and intestinal metabolites in this 17 days constipation mouse model. Compared with ethanol treatment, the administration of sticky rice fermented huangjiu to constipated mice increased gastrointestinal motility. It alleviated the decrease in motilin (27.94%), substance P (13.85%), gastrin (63.46%), 5‐hydroxytryptamine (4.55%), and short‐chain fatty acid (19.80%) levels, and alleviated the increase in somatostatin levels (9.54%). Furthermore, the administration of sticky rice fermented huangjiu regulated the microbiota‐mediated gut ecology through alterations in the characteristic taxa.CONCLUSIONThe results reveal that sticky rice fermented huangjiu may alleviate loperamide‐induced constipation by the regulation of serum neurotransmitters and gut microbiota. These findings reveal that huangjiu is endowed with many functional components by cereal fermentation, and the bioactive substances in huangjiu can be separated and applied for medical treatment or diet therapy in the future. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Teleguidance for Patient Self‐Imaging of Hemophilic Joints Using Mobile Ultrasound Devices
Authors: Aguero Peter , Barnes Richard FW , Flores Andres , von Drygalski Annette 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundTeleguidance on portable devices opens the possibility of joint self‐imaging in persons with hemophilia (PWH).AimsDetermine the feasibility of patient self‐imaging with/without teleguidance.MethodsAdult PWH received ultrasound teaching including 11 views for hemarthrosis detection in ankles, elbows, and knees. The patients acquired five randomly selected views with the Butterfly/IQ probe without assistance at 2, 6–8 weeks, and 3–4 months later, followed by teleguidance. Image acquisition was timed, patients identified anatomic landmarks, and image quality was graded. Questionnaires assessed the imaging experience. Hemophilia Joint Health Score (HJHS) indicated arthropathy status.ResultsOf 132 PWH, 10 (median age 52 years) opted for study inclusion. Most had severe Hemophilia A, were white/non‐Hispanic, with at least a high school degree and, overall, similar to the other 122 PWH.At 2 and 6 weeks after training, ~80% images were acquired correctly compared with 53% at 12 weeks. Accuracy of landmark recognition was ~55%. With teleguidance, all images were acquired correctly, with near‐perfect image quality (P ≤ .01 compared with the 3–4 month time point). Median HJHS of scanned joints was 11.5 at each time point, demonstrating a similar spectrum of arthropathic changes. Median time of image acquisition was fast, and similar with or without teleguidance (median 01:04 [mm:ss] vs median 01:02), but differed slightly between arthropathic and non‐arthropathic joints. Study participants and the imaging facilitator rated that it was easy to navigate mobile technology and acquire images with teleguidance.ConclusionMobile ultrasound with teleguidance for joint self‐imaging is feasible and warrants further exploration.
Improved microplastic processing from complex biological samples using a customized vacuum filtration apparatus
Authors: Schlawinsky Merle , Santana Marina F. M. , Motti Cherie A. , Martins Ana Barbosa , Thomas‐Hall Peter , Miller Michaela E. , Lefèvre Carine , Kroon Frederieke J. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPlastics represent the largest component of marine debris globally. In this context, it is essential to quantify the current extent of plastic pollution, including microplastics (MP; plastics < 5 mm), within marine abiotic and biotic compartments. Despite significant effort, MP studies still face methodological impediments to establish accurate and standardized protocols to separate, process and analyze MPs in environmental samples. Furthermore, underestimation and overestimation of MP contamination, either through loss of MPs or introduction of extraneous MPs during handling and processing, is concerning, particularly when assessing risk profiles for marine ecosystems. Presented here is a custom‐made stainless steel vacuum filtration apparatus designed to perform size‐tiered separation and facilitate retrieval of MPs from a variety of environmental sample matrices. Incorporating this apparatus into a standard MP workflow achieved efficient graduated separation of commonly found MP fragments and fibers, validated by spike‐recovery tests. As a case study, the gastrointestinal tracts of three juvenile Australian sharpnose sharks, Rhizoprionodon taylori, were processed using the filtration apparatus, and 46 anthropogenic items ranging from 0.021 to 8.87 mm were retrieved. This study demonstrates the effective use of the size‐tiered stainless steel vacuum filtration apparatus and an improved efficiency in downstream microphotography and spectroscopic analyses of MPs from a complex sample matrix. Finally, it contributes to the MP research field by delivering more reliable estimates of MP contamination in marine ecosystems.
Synthesis by Sol‐Gel Technique and Antibacterial Activity of Bioactive Hybrid SiO2 Inorganic Matrix by Different Structures of Ferrous Citrate (Fe(II)C): Comparative Study
Authors: Catauro Michelina , D'Errico Ylenia , Dal Poggetto Giovanni , Montesano Domenico , Naviglio Daniele , Gallo Monica 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe aim of this work is to characterize and compare three different structures of Ferrous citrates (Fe(II)C), amorphous, semicrystalline, and crystalline incorporated into a SiO2 inorganic matrix by sol–gel technique. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirms both the Fe(II)C presence in the silica matrix and the interactions among different components in the hybrid materials. Moreover, FTIR spectroscopy is used to evaluate the formation of hydroxyapatite layer, known as bioactivity test, of the hybrids soaked into simulated body fluid (SBF). Finally, the antibacterial properties of the hybrids are investigated.
Various Applications of Processing of Olive Leaves Waste Extracted with RSLDE: A Green Technology
Authors: Naviglio Daniele , Montesano Domenico , Ciaravolo Martina , Savastano Antonio , Nebbioso Viviana , Catauro Michelina , Gallo Monica 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThere is no waste in nature. Everything that is produced has a purpose and everything that becomes waste can be transformed into a new resource, triggering a virtuous circuit that feeds itself. The circular economy of waste means a system in which the production‐consumption‐disposal process is overcome to replace it with a circular model, where the final waste product is re‐introduced into the circulation as a secondary raw material. The logic to follow is that after consumption and before any disposal, it is necessary to activate virtuous processes such as reduce, reuse, and recycling. This work focuses on the possible uses of a vegetable waste matrix, such as olive leaves.The olive tree (Olea europaea) is a fruit tree, cultivated for more than 3500 years for its fruits and edible oil. However, just like oil, olive leaf contains a high amount of polyphenols, in particular oleuropein, one of the most powerful natural antioxidants known and hydroxytyrosol, which also has powerful antiseptic properties. Therefore, olive leaf extracts, thanks to the presence of oleuropein associated with hydroxytyrosol, represent a powerful natural antioxidant, a valid ally of the cardiovascular system. In addition, olive leaves are an excellent regulator of the digestive system: they regulate intestinal transit and above all eliminate fungi and other unwanted parasites from the body. Starting from these premises, in this work, a green extraction technique such as rapid solid liquid dynamic extraction (RSLDE) is compared with conventional maceration to obtain an olive leaf extract rich in antioxidants to be used in various sectors.
Strategic Role of Carbon Nanotube Functionalization on the Multifunctional Properties of Structural Epoxy Nanocomposites
Authors: Raimondo Marialuigia , Catauro Michelina , Guadagno Liberata 
Published: August 2022

AbstractCarbon nanotubes (CNT) have received great attention as nanofillers for epoxy structural nanocomposites, due to their rare combination of mechanical, electrical, thermal properties, and others. Furthermore, the surface of the carbon nanotubes can be easily transformed with a variety of characteristic atoms or groups of atoms conferring specific and desired properties. Different kinds of functionalization (covalent and non‐covalent) can be performed. A very recent and hopeful strategy capable of modifying the surface of carbon nanotubes, without endangering their structural integrity, is the non‐covalent modification of CNT walls with specific molecules that show a marked similarity with the graphitic structure of carbon nanotubes. The aim of this work is to enhance the interactions of CNT with epoxy matrices to allow much better nanofiller dispersion within the epoxy polymer through carbon nanotube modification. The obtained results highlight that the performed functionalizations are suitable for designing carbon‐based nanocomposites with improved structural and functional properties. Specific surface modifications of CNT walls are carried out using supramolecular chemistry specialized in non‐covalent interactions.These weak and reversible forces act advantageously by activating the self‐repairing functionality in the nanofilled resins.The morphology of nanodomains and the interfacial interactions between nanocharge and hosting resin are investigated by Tunneling Atomic Force Microscopy (TUNA). The nanocomposite performance is strongly affected by the performed functionalization.
Microwave‐Assisted Treatment of Waste Wood Biomass with Deep Eutectic Solvents
Authors: Colella Marco , Romanazzi Giuseppe , Petrelli Valentina , Baldassarre Francesca , Ciccarella Giuseppe , Catauro Michelina , Mastrorilli Piero , Dell'Anna Maria Michela 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDeep eutectic solvents (DESs) are new sustainable and cheap reaction media combining the features of both ionic liquids and organic solvents. They are made up by association of hydrogen‐bond donors and hydrogen‐bond acceptors, and they can promote the hydrolysis of lignocellulosic bonds. Herein the microwave‐assisted treatment of waste wood flours with a DES constituted by choline chloride and oxalic acid to get a cellulosic residue separated from lignin degradation products is reported. The insoluble deposit is characterized by SEM, TGA, DSC, FTIR‐ATR, and 1H‐13C CP/MAS NMR techniques and can be available for further uses such as nanocellulose production.
Minimize the Production Cost of Extrusion‐Based AM Parts by Optimizing Their Internal Building Geometry
Authors: Bailas Konstantinos , Papanikos Paraskevas 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe evolution and the establishment of additive manufacturing (AM) technology in industry over the last decade is aided mostly by new materials which are developed in parallel with advanced Αμ techniques and machines that use a wide variety of simple or blend polymers and metals. Nevertheless, the future of Αμ technology is based on the further reduction of production costs as well as the increase of the quality and durability of the produced parts. Although, the durability of AM parts proves to depend mostly on the mechanical properties of the materials and the way their geometry is deployed internally, recent studies show that building parameters such as the infill pattern and the infill density, which are defined through specialized software of AM machines, have a great impact on the total cost and the durability of parts as they shape the internal structure affecting the amount of mass the strength, the compression resistance, and the stiffness. However, the software that accompanies AM machines have limited capabilities and influence on these parameters since they are not able to define more than one pattern for a part or multiple shell thickness. The current study is concerned with the decrease of the production cost of products made with extrusion‐based AM process by minimizing the mass and controlling the durability using the meaning of design intent, while maintaining the quality and the dimensions of the outer surface of parts and allows the creation of heterogeneous objects with new improved internal structure.
Synthesis of Fe2O3 Nanoparticles and their Catalytic Activity for the Reduction of Halonitroarenes under Sustainable Conditions
Authors: Fiore Ambra M. , Allegretta Ignazio , Terzano Roberto , Romanazzi Giuseppe , Agostinelli Elisabetta , Varvaro Gaspare , Mastrorilli Piero , Catauro Michelina , Dell'Anna Maria Michela 
Published: August 2022

AbstractFe2O3 nanoparticles (NPs) with mean size of 50 nm ca. are synthesized starting from a porous organic polymer containing β‐ketoesterate Fe(III) sites (Fe‐POP), which is annealed at 400 °C under air for 30 min. During calcination, the organic material partially decomposes, and iron(III) oxide NPs onto an organic residue could be observed after annealing. The obtained NPs are characterized by SEM‐EDS, IR, and magnetic analyses and they are employed as active catalysts in the reduction of p‐bromonitrobenzene into p‐bromoaniline, using hydrazine hydrate in ethanol.
Antioxidant Effects of Rosemary Extract on the Accelerated Degradation of Ethylene‐Propylene‐Diene Monomer
Authors: Blanco Ignazio , Zaharescu Traian , Catauro Michelina 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe influence of natural antioxidants (rosemary extract, capsaicin, quercetin, or oleanolic acid) in ethylene‐propylene‐diene‐monomer (EPDM) thermal behavior has been investigated by the means of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). EPDM and EPDM/rosemary (RM) composite are investigated with a thermogravimetric (TG) balance in dynamic heating conditions (25°C‐700°C). DSC analysis is also carried out from subambient to better highlight the melting of the polymer and the composite. The obtained DSC and TG values are discussed to have information about the effect of RM content in the polymer stability.
Polydopamine as Adhesion Promotor: The Effect of Thermal Treatment on the Performance of Poly(lactic acid) (PLA)‐Metal Co‐molded Joints
Authors: Kafkopoulos Georgios , Karakurt Ezgi , Duvigneau Joost , Vancso G. Julius 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMolecular interactions in polymer/metal oxide interfaces are of paramount interest in polymer composite applications, including comolding of polymer‐metal joints, additive manufacturing, and mold release. This study shows the potential of biomimetic polydopamine (PDA) layers to control polymer‐metal adhesion covering a range from strong bonding to release for poly(lactic acid) (PLA) adhering to two metals of significant commercial importance, i.e., titanium (Ti) and stainless steel (SS). The results show that even though PLA bonds significantly weaker to Ti than to SS surfaces, both metals exhibit considerably higher and similar adhesion values following deposition of a PDA layer. In addition, a simple thermal annealing of the PDA‐coated wires before the comolding process results in a sharp increase of the bonding strength at low annealing temperatures, followed by a gradual drop at higher annealing temperatures. This observation opens the possibility to provide control of adhesion in polymer‐metal interfaces. As PDA forms strongly bound adhesive layers on a wide range of materials, this study proposes that the phenomenon described here can be successfully applied to surfaces other than metals, raising high expectations for future polymer composite applications.
Recovery of End‐Of‐Life Wood–Plastic Composites (WPC) Products: Influence of Wastes Fields Nature and of a Compatibilizer on Recycled WPC Bending Properties
Authors: Meur Léa Le , Perrin Didier , Bénézet Jean‐Charles , Jouannet Denis , Falher Thierry , Bergeret Anne 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA mechanical recovery approach is adopted for two polyethylene (PE) based wood–plastics composites (WPCs) wastes fields, with varying ageing degrees. On the one hand, CDP0 consists of defective decking boards in appearance, which cannot be commercialized. On the other hand, FDV0 is made of end‐of‐life decking boards, exposed for about 10 years outside. CDP0 and FDV0 are first ground, and then reincorporated with an unaged WPC, called WPC‐PE0, through extrusion to generate new profiles. A compatibilizer (maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene (PE‐g‐MA)) is also used to improve processing and mechanical properties of final profiles. The maleic anhydride percentage (MAH%) in PE‐g‐MA differ, as well as the PE‐g‐MA content (2 and 4 wt% relative to the wood flour weight). The bending properties are recovered for both CDP0 and FDV0, when reincorporated at 50 wt% with WPC‐PE0. Moreover, CDP0 can be recycled at 100 wt%. Unfortunately, the compatibilizers do not improve the flexural strengths of the composites. However, they help the wood flour dispersion within the matrix during processing.
Optimization of Polyurethane Panels Properties through Different Particle and Fiber Reinforcement
Authors: Malchiodi Beatrice , Pozzi Paolo 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPolyurethane is a highly versatile material and depending on its structure it can be applied in several application fields. One of its main applications is insulating material for the construction sector, while the most common product shape is the rigid expanded panel. This work investigates the possibility of optimizing polyurethane expanded panels for building insulating purposes by considering different particle and fiber reinforcements. Precisely, the addition of different reinforcement percentages of bentonite, phyllite, and recycled textile microfibers (both untreated and treated with NaOH) is considered in polyurethane mixes composed of isocyanate, polyol, water, silane additive, and catalysts. For fiber reinforced samples, castor oil is additionally considered as a more sustainable polyol component in polyurethane mix. Thermal conductivity is positively reduced by increasing phyllite content; indeed, these microspheres further apport porosity to the material, so a lower density, and promotes a homogeneous, fine, and closed porosity. Besides, both castor oil and NaOH fiber treatment enhance the thermal insulating too. Since insulating materials may find application also in structural elements, stress relaxation, and compression tests are performed. Polyurethanes containing phyllite display greater stiffness and mechanical improvements for specific ranges of particle percentage. On the other hand, the fiber reinforcement exceeds the particle one by an order of magnitude in improving mechanical properties in terms of maximum load and recovery. In conclusion, polyurethane reinforcements and alternative polyols are valuable solutions towards more sustainable and performant insulating building panels and product differentiation.
Physicochemical Characterizations of Hydrolytic Degradation of Prickly Pear Seed/Polyhydroxy(Butyrate‐co‐Valerate) Biocomposite
Authors: Bellache Rebiha , Hammiche Dalila , Boukerrou Amar 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe present work aims at investigating the impact of hydrolytic degradation type, employing physicochemical characterizations of poly‐hydroxy (butyrate‐co‐valerate) PHBV and its biocomposites reinforced by prickly pear seed fiber (PPS), in aqueous environments to compare between seawater and distilled water. The weight loss profiles are obtained for the biocomposite immersed in seawater and distilled water of 23% and 21% respectively, however, 15% and 7% degradation for pure PHBV in seawater and distilled water, respectively. These results are explained by the addition of natural fillers to the biopolymer, which accelerates the degradation process, as well as, by the presence of microbial activity in seawater. These results are also confirmed by the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis (FTIR), by the decrease of the ester groups, which decompose into a carboxylic acid.
Development of a Procedure for the Assessment of Material Potentials Under Consideration of the Weld Seam Quality for Multi‐material Applications in the FDM Process
Authors: Moritzer Elmar , Wächter Julian 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDue to the great popularity of the fused deposition modeling (FDM) process, more and more new materials become commercially available. The functionality of the FDM process allows the use of multiple materials, and this is known as multi‐material printing. By integrating different materials into one component, component properties, such as mechanical properties like tensile strength, can be influenced. The aim of this study is to develop a procedure for assessing the suitability of different materials for multi‐material printing in the FDM process. This enables the evaluation of different material combinations for the FDM process. The analysis of the material suitability for multi‐material applications in the FDM process is carried out with the help of the evaluation of the weld seam quality. In this regard, a test method as well as test specimens are used, which ensure an evaluation of the processing suitability of different materials which is independent of the machine as well as the data preparation. In addition, suitable conditions must be defined for manufacturing the test specimens using two different materials. Single‐strand test specimens are used in order to be able to draw conclusions about the weld seam quality. The weld seam quality is evaluated in relation to varying nozzle temperatures and build chamber temperatures. Finally, the suitability of the materials for multi‐material applications in the FDM process are evaluated.