bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Silicon integrated frequency‐tunable microwave photonic bandpass filter
Authors: Yao Yuhan , Zhao Yuhe , Dong Jianji , Zhang Xinliang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMicrowave photonic filters have been regarded as an alternative to traditional radio‐frequency filters because of their wide bandwidth and large tunability. Integrated microwave photonic filters can integrate all necessary components into a single chip and are highly demanded for future radio‐frequency applications. Here, a highly integrated frequency‐tunable microwave photonic bandpass filter based on a silicon platform is proposed and demonstrated. The integrated filter consists of a phase modulator, four cascaded microring resonators and a photodetector. The frequency‐tunable range of the integrated filter is from 6.1 to 35.9 GHz, and the reconfigurable bandwidth is from 0.22 to 0.54 GHz. A large spurious free dynamic range of 102.1 dB Hz2/3 is obtained. This highly integrated approach holds great promise for miniaturised, flexible, and high‐performance microwave signal processing in modern radar and communication systems.
Template‐based generation of programming language specific code for smart grid modelling compliant with CIM and CGMES
Authors: Dinkelbach Jan , Razik Lukas , Mirz Markus , Benigni Andrea , Monti Antonello 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe transition to Smart Grids increases the complexity of power grids by involving many more interdependent actors and integrating additional information and communications technology. To provide a common basis for Smart Grid data representation and exchange, the standardized Common Information Model (CIM) has been introduced and extended, i. a., by the Common Grid Model Exchange Specification (CGMES). An increasing acceptance by power grid operators and other actors has made CIM and CGMES more and more relevant. However, the implementation of CIM / CGMES support in software projects appears to be challenging due to the complexity of CIM / CGMES and the ongoing standardisation process with iterative adaptations. Thus, the main contribution of this paper is the presentation of a methodology for an automated generation of programming language specific code from CIM / CGMES specifications. The approach is based on the use of a template language and enables to keep software projects fully compliant with CIM / CGMES specifications. The paper outlines the process of code generation and the consecutive codebase integration for a JavaScript based CIM / CGMES web editor and for two CIM / CGMES de‐/serialiser libraries in C++ and Python. The approach is evaluated in use cases involving the visualisation and simulation of a benchmark grid.
Formation control of large‐scale mobile sensor networks based on semilinear parabolic system
Authors: Qian Xueming , Cui Baotong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis paper is concerned with the formation control problem for a class of large‐scale mobile sensor networks. The dynamic of mobile sensors are modelled by class of semilinear parabolic system, which is a class of partial differential equation (PDE) and has rich geometric family. In this model, the communication topology of agents is a chain graph and fixed. Leader feedback laws which designed in a manner to the boundary control of semilinear parabolic system allow the mobile sensors stable deployment onto planar curves. By constructing appropriate Lyapunov functional and using linear matrix inequality, several sufficient criteria are derived ensuring the mobile sensor networks to be globally asymptotically stable at the equilibrium. A simulation example is provided to demonstrate the usefulness of the proposed formation control scheme.
Combining magneto-hydrostatic constraints with Stokes profiles inversions
Authors: Borrero J. M. , Pastor Yabar A. 
Published: November 2022

Context. Electric currents play an important role in the energy balance of the plasma in the solar atmosphere. They are also indicative of non-potential magnetic fields and magnetic reconnection. Unfortunately, the direct measuring of electric currents has traditionally been riddled with inaccuracies.
Aims. We study how accurately we can infer electric currents under different scenarios.
Methods. We carry out increasingly complex inversions of the radiative transfer equation for polarized light applied to Stokes profiles synthesized from radiative three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations. The inversion yields the magnetic field vector, B, from which the electric current density, j, is derived by applying Ampere’s law.
Results. We find that the retrieval of the electric current density is only slightly affected by photon noise or spectral resolution. However, the retrieval steadily improves as the Stokes inversion becomes increasingly elaborated. In the least complex case (a Milne-Eddington-like inversion applied to a single spectral region), it is possible to determine the individual components of the electric current density (jx, jy, jz) with an accuracy of σ = 0.90 − 1.00 dex, whereas the modulus (∥j∥) can only be determined with σ = 0.75 dex. In the most complicated case (with multiple spectral regions, a large number of nodes, Tikhonov vertical regularization, and magnetohydrostatic equilibrium), these numbers improve to σ = 0.70 − 0.75 dex for the individual components and σ = 0.5 dex for the modulus. Moreover, in regions where the magnetic field is above 300 gauss, ∥j∥ can be inferred with an accuracy of σ = 0.3 dex. In general, the x and y components of the electric current density are retrieved slightly better than the z component. In addition, the modulus of the electric current density is the best retrieved parameter of all, and thus it can potentially be used to detect regions of enhanced Joule heating.
Conclusions. The fact that the accuracy does not worsen with decreasing spectral resolution or increasing photon noise, and instead increases as the Stokes inversion complexity grows, suggests that the main source of errors in the determination of electric currents is the lack of realism in the inversion model employed to determine variations in the magnetic field along the line of sight at scales smaller than the photon mean-free path, along with the intrinsic limitations of the model due to radiative transfer effects.
The Gaia-ESO survey: Mapping the shape and evolution of the radial abundance gradients with open clusters
Authors: Magrini L. , Viscasillas Vázquez C. , Spina L. , Randich S. , Romano D. , Franciosini E. , Recio-Blanco A. , Nordlander T. , D’Orazi V. , Baratella M. , Smiljanic R. , Dantas M. L. L. , Pasquini L. , Spitoni E. , Casali G. , Van der Swaelmen M. , Bensby T. , Stonkute E. , Feltzing S. , Sacco G. G. , Bragaglia A. , Pancino E. , Heiter U. , Biazzo K. , Gilmore G. , Bergemann M. , Tautvaišienė G. , Worley C. , Hourihane A. , Gonneau A. , Morbidelli L. 
Published: November 2022

Context. The spatial distribution of elemental abundances and their time evolution are among the major constraints to disentangling the scenarios of formation and evolution of the Galaxy.
Aims. In this paper we used the sample of open clusters available in the final release of the Gaia-ESO survey to trace the Galactic radial abundance and abundance-to-iron ratio gradients, and their time evolution.
Methods. We selected member stars in 62 open clusters, with ages from 0.1 to about 7 Gyr, located in the Galactic thin disc at galactocentric radii (RGC) from about 6 to 21 kpc. We analysed the shape of the resulting [Fe/H] gradient, the average gradients [El/H] and [El/Fe] combining elements belonging to four different nucleosynthesis channels, and their individual abundance and abundance ratio gradients. We also investigated the time evolution of the gradients dividing open clusters in three age bins.
Results. The [Fe/H] gradient has a slope of −0.054 dex kpc−1. It can be better approximated with a two-slope shape, steeper for RGC ≤ 11.2 kpc and flatter in the outer regions. We saw different behaviours for elements belonging to different channels. For the time evolution of the gradient, we found that the youngest clusters (age < 1 Gyr) in the inner disc have lower metallicity than their older counterparts and that they outline a flatter gradient. We considered some possible explanations, including the effects of gas inflow and migration. We suggest that the most likely one may be related to a bias introduced by the standard spectroscopic analysis producing lower metallicities in the analysis of low-gravity stars.
Conclusions. To delineate the shape of the ‘true’ gradient, we should most likely limit our analysis to stars with low surface gravity log g >  2.5 and microturbulent parameter ξ <  1.8 km s−1. Based on this reduced sample, we can conclude that the gradient has minimally evolved over the time-frame outlined by the open clusters, indicating a slow and stationary formation of the thin disc over the last 3 Gyr. We found a secondary role of cluster migration in shaping the gradient, with a more prominent role of migration for the oldest clusters.
Solar-wind-dependent streamline model for Mercury’s magnetosheath
Authors: Schmid D. , Narita Y. , Plaschke F. , Volwerk M. , Nakamura R. , Baumjohann W. , Heyner D. , Pump K. , Aizawa S. 
Published: November 2022

Context.Mercury’s magnetosphere and magnetosheath are unique in the Solar System plasmas as they are highly time dependent, since the planet has only a small-scale magnetosphere originating from the weak intrinsic planetary magnetic field. Yet, it is believed that the plasma therein reaches a quasi-stationary state, that is, the ground state of magnetospheric dynamics, when the solar wind smoothly passes by the magnetosphere without energy or momentum exchange in quiet conditions.Aims.Here, we aim to construct a semi-analytical streamline model for Mercury’s magnetosheath to extend the modeling effort from the magnetospheric plasma to the magnetosheath plasma. The magnetosheath model should have the capability of determining the plasma density and the bulk velocity as a function of the radial distance from the planet, the zenith angle to the Sun, and the solar wind condition.Methods.Our magnetosheath model was constructed with (1) the steady-state continuity equation around a magnetospheric obstacle where the bow shock and magnetopause location may depend on the solar wind condition, (2) the jump conditions at the bow shock, and (3) the adiabatic behavior in the magneotsheath.Results.Our magnetosheath model reasonably explains and reproduces the in-situ measurements around Mercury by the MErcury Surface, Space Environment, GEochemistry and Ranging (MESSENGER) spacecraft as well as numerical simulations.Conclusions.The presented streamline model of Mercury’s magnetosheath serves as a useful tool for the on-going two spacecraft BepiColombo mission when analyzing the plasma data by tracing the plasma parcel along the streamline both forward from one spacecraft to another and backward, locating the shock crossing coordinate, or when estimating the elapsed time of plasma parcel after the shock crossing.
eRASSt J040515.6 − 745202, an X-ray burster in the Magellanic Bridge
Authors: Haberl F. , Vasilopoulos G. , Maitra C. , Valdes F. , Lang D. , Doroshenko V. , Ducci L. , Kreykenbohm I. , Rau A. , Weber P. , Wilms J. , Maggi P. , Bailyn C. D. , Jaisawal G. K. , Ray P. S. , Treiber H. 
Published: November 2022

Context. During the third all-sky survey (eRASS3), eROSITA, the soft X-ray instrument aboard Spectrum-Roentgen-Gamma, detected a new hard X-ray transient, eRASSt J040515.6 − 745202, in the direction of the Magellanic Bridge.
Aims. We arranged follow-up observations and searched for archival data to reveal the nature of the transient.
Methods. Using X-ray observations with XMM-Newton, NICER, and Swift, we investigated the temporal and spectral behaviour of the source for over about 10 days.
Results. The X-ray light curve obtained from the XMM-Newton observation with an ∼28 ks exposure revealed a type-I X-ray burst with a peak bolometric luminosity of at least 1.4 × 1037 erg s−1. The burst energetics are consistent with a location of the burster at the distance of the Magellanic Bridge. The relatively long exponential decay time of the burst of ∼70 s indicates that it ignited in a H-rich environment. The non-detection of the source during the other eROSITA surveys, twelve and six months before and six months after eRASS3, suggests that the burst was discovered during a moderate outburst which reached 2.6 × 1036 erg s−1 in persistent emission. During the NICER observations, the source showed alternating flux states with the high level at a similar brightness as during the XMM-Newton observation. This behaviour is likely caused by dips as also seen during the last hour of the XMM-Newton observation. Evidence for a recurrence of the dips with a period of ∼21.8 h suggests eRASSt J040515.6 − 745202 is a low-mass X-ray binary (LMXB) system with an accretion disk seen nearly edge on. We identify a multi-wavelength counterpart to the X-ray source in UVW1 and g, r, i, and z images obtained by the optical/UV monitor on XMM-Newton and the Dark Energy Camera at the Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory. The spectral energy distribution is consistent with radiation from an accretion disk which dominates the UV and from a cool late-type star detected in the optical to infrared wavelengths.
Conclusions. After the discovery of X-ray bursts in M 31, the Magellanic Bridge is only the second location outside of the Milky Way where an X-ray burster was found. The burst uniquely identifies eRASSt J040515.6 − 745202 as an LMXB system with a neutron star. Its location in the Magellanic Bridge confirms the existence of an older stellar population which is expected if the bridge was formed by tidal interactions between the Magellanic Clouds, which stripped gas and stars from the clouds.
Effekte einer ambulanten Kneippkur als multimodale
Lebensstilintervention für die primäre Insomnie: eine
randomisierte kontrollierte Studie
Authors: Immich Gisela , Frisch Dieter , Oberhauser Cornelia , Schuh Angela , Stier-Jarmer Marita 
Published: November 2022

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung In Deutschland leiden 6–10% der Menschen an
klinisch relevanten Schlafstörungen, insbesondere unter der arbeitenden
Bevölkerung. Werden diese chronisch, können sie zu
schwerwiegenden Erkrankungen führen und einen beträchtlichen
Teil der Abwesenheit vom Arbeitsplatz ausmachen. Deshalb wurde ein
Kneippkurprogramm für nicht-organische Schlafstörungen als ein
nicht-medikamentöses Behandlungskonzept im Kurort Füssen
entwickelt und überprüft.
Methodik Randomisierte monozentrische klinische Studie mit 5
Erhebungszeitpunkten (prä-/post-Intervention, 1, 3 und 6 Monate
nach Intervention). Intervention: 19-tägiges multimodales Kneippprogramm
(Ordnungstherapie, Hydro- und Thermotherapie, Bewegungstherapie).
Primäre Zielgröße: Subjektive Schlafqualität
(PSQI-Gesamtscore von 0–21 Punkte:≤5 Punkte=gesunder
Schlaf, PSQI-Wert 5–10 Punkte=schlechte Schlafqualität,
PSQI-Gesamtscore>10 Punkte=chronische Schlafstörung).
Sekundäre Zielgrößen: Allgemeines Wohlbefinden
(WHO-5-Wellbeing-Index), chronische Stressbelastung (TICS), dysfunktionale
Überzeugungen zum Schlaf (DAB-16), Teilnehmerzufriedenheit.
Ergebnisse 96 Erwachsene mit Schlafstörungen (mittleres Alter 56
Jahre, 83% weiblich) wurden in eine Interventionsgruppe IG
(N=47) und Wartekontrollgruppe WG (N=49) randomisiert. Zu
Studienbeginn gab es keine relevanten Gruppenunterschiede (PSQI-Gesamtwerte: IG
11,7±3,1, WG: 10,6±3,0). Nach 1, 3 und 6 Monaten erhöhte
sich der Anteil guter Schläfer deutlich stärker in IG versus WG:
34 vs. 10% nach 1 Monat, 40 vs. 12% nach 3 Monaten sowie 28 vs.
14% nach 6 Monaten. Nach 1, 3 und 6 Monaten reduzierte sich der mittlere
PSQI-Gesamtscore deutlich stärker in IG als in der WG:
− 4,44 Pkt. vs. − 1,14 Pkt. nach 1 Monat
(p=0,001), − 4,19 Pkt. vs. − 1,14 Pkt.
nach 3 Monaten (p=0,014]) und − 3,53 Pkt. vs.
− 1,28 Pkt. nach sechs Monaten (p=0,111). Dabei erzielte
die IG eine klinisch relevante Reduktion des PSQI-Scores von minus 3 Punkten zu
allen Messzeitpunkten im Follow-up. Vergleichbare positive Effekte zeigten sich
bei der IG bzgl. des allgemeinen Wohlbefindens, der chronischen Stressbelastung
und den dysfunktionalen Gedanken zum Schlaf.
Schlussfolgerung Die ambulante multimodale Kneippkur erzielte signifikante
Verbesserungen bei Schlafqualität und Wohlbefinden sowie eine Reduktion
der chronischen Stressbelastung bei Erwachsenen mit nicht-organischen
Schlafstörungen. Die Nachhaltigkeit der Effekte über 6 Monate
hinaus müssten in weiteren Studien untersucht werden.
Endoscopic severity and classification of lesions with pan-enteric capsule endoscopy and ileocolonoscopy in ileocolonic Crohn’s disease
Authors: Brodersen Jacob Broder , Kjeldsen Jens , Knudsen Torben , Jensen Michael Dam 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background and study aims Recent evidence supports the use of pan-enteric capsule endoscopy (CE) for the diagnosis and follow-up of Crohn’s disease (CD). The aim of this study was to examine the agreement between CE and ileocolonoscopy (IC) for determining the severity and classification of lesions in ileocolonic CD.
Patients and methods In a prospective blinded multicenter study, patients with suspected CD were examined with CE and IC within 2 weeks. Ninety-nine participants with a full IC and CE were included in the analysis. The ileocolonic disease severity was assessed with the Simple Endoscopic Score for Crohn’s Disease (SES-CD).
Results CD was diagnosed in 30 patients with IC and CE. The mean SES-CD was 9.8 (CI 7.9–11.8) and 10.6 (CI 8.2–13.1), respectively (P = 0.69). There was a substantial agreement (ICC 0.83, CI 0.68–0.92) and a strong correlation between SES-CD assessed with IC and CE (rs = 0.78, P < 0.001). 55 bowel segments had ulcerations with both modalities (terminal ileum 24, right colon 12, transverse colon eight, left colon eight and rectum three). Mean sub-scores for ulcer size, area of ulcerated surface and area of affected surface did not differ between modalities. The inter-modality agreement (κ) was 0.46, 0.34 and 0.43, respectively (P < 0.001).
Conclusions There is a strong correlation between IC and CE for the severity of ileocolonic CD. The agreement for SES-CD sub-scores is fair to moderate. CE could be an alternative to IC for the assessment of endoscopic severity in selected patients with suspected CD.
Precision of Dynamic Infrared Thermography in Anterolateral Thigh Flap Planning: Identification of the Perforator Fascia Passage
Authors: Illg Claudius , Krauss Sabrina , Lauer Henrik , Daigeler Adrien , Schäfer Ruth Christine 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background The anterolateral thigh (ALT) flap is commonly utilized in reconstructive surgery. Preoperative perforator mapping facilitates dissection. Dynamic infrared thermography can be applied to identify ALT perforators. However, its accuracy has not been evaluated in detail before. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the precision of dynamic infrared thermography in ALT perforator localization.
Methods The survey site was defined as a 25 × 8 cm rectangle on the anterolateral thigh and a coordinate system was established. The area was examined consecutively by dynamic infrared thermography with a FLIR ONE camera after 2-minute fan precooling. Two surgeons then independently performed color duplex ultrasound on the basis of the identified hotpots.
Results Twenty-four healthy subjects were examined. About 74.8% of perforators were musculocutaneous or musculoseptocutaneous. The mean distance between study area center and perforator or hotspot center was 51.8 ± 27.3 and 46.5 ± 26.2 mm, respectively. The mean distance from hotspot center to sonographic perforator fascia passage was 15.9 ± 9.9 mm with a maximum of 48.4 mm. The positive predictive value of thermographic ALT perforator identification was 93%.
Conclusion Thermographic hotspot and perforator location diverge widely in ALT flaps. Dynamic infrared thermography can therefore not be used as standalone technique for preoperative ALT perforator identification. However, the application before color duplex ultrasound examination is a reasonable upgrade and can visualize angiosomes and facilitate the examination.
Passive dual-probe near-field microscopy
Authors: Sakuma R. , Nagai Y. , Nakajima H. , Lin K.-T. , Kajihara Y. 
Published: November 2022

Accurate and simultaneous multiposition near-field measurements are essential to study the time-dependent local dynamics, including heat and carrier transfer. The existing passive long-wavelength infrared (LWIR) scattering-type scanning near-field optical microscopy (s-SNOM) systems with a single probe cannot perform precise near-field measurements of the heat or carrier transporting process at the nanoscale level. Therefore, in this study, we developed a passive LWIR s-SNOM system with two probes. To test the effectiveness of the proposed passive LWIR dual-probe s-SNOM system, each probe was precisely controlled using a shear-force feedback system, and the mechanical interference between the probes was used to monitor the distance between the probes. We achieved simultaneous near-field measurements at two different positions 500 nm apart using the proposed passive LWIR dual-probe s-SNOM system. The simultaneously detected near-field signals from two different points were extracted individually, making this technique an effective nanoscale analysis tool for local carrier dynamics.
Wind Turbine Aerodynamics Modeling Using CFD Approaches
Authors: Bangga Galih 
Published: November 2022

As countries seek clean, renewable, low-cost, domestic alternatives to fossil fuels, wind energy is an increasingly important source of power generation worldwide. Scientists and industry professionals require better tools to understand and expand the performance and efficiency. Wind Turbine Aerodynamics Modeling Using CFD Approaches provides a comprehensive and focused introduction to computational approaches for wind turbine aerodynamic calculations, ranging from the simple cost-efficient engineering modeling to high fidelity computational fluid dynamics methods.
This broad-reaching book:Provides a thorough introduction to numerical methods as applied to the simulation of wind turbine aerodynamicsIncludes a comprehensive and focused introduction to computational approaches for wind turbinesProvides state-of-the-art information serving as a primer for deeper study
The book is an ideal first text for students, researchers, and industry professionals working in wind engineering and in wind energy computations.
Relating utterance fluency to perceived fluency of interpreting
Authors: Han Chao , Yang Liuyan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The prospect of automated scoring for interpreting fluency has prompted investigations into the predictability of
human raters’ perceived fluency based on acoustically measured utterance fluency. Recently, Han, Chen, Fu and Fan (2020) correlated ten utterance fluency measures with raters’ perceived fluency ratings. To
verify previous correlational patterns, the present study partially replicated Han et al.
(2020). Our analysis shows that most of the correlations observed in Han et al.
(2020) were successfully replicated. To produce overall interim estimates of the true relationships, we conducted a
mini meta-analysis of correlation coefficients reported in six relevant studies, informed by the “continuously cumulating
meta-analysis” approach (Braver et al. 2014). We found that phonation time ratio, mean
length of run, and speech rate had relatively strong correlations with perceived fluency. We discuss these findings in light of
automated fluency assessment and the need for replication and meta-analysis in translation and interpreting studies.