bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
International consensus recommendations for management of new onset refractory status epilepticus (NORSE) including febrile infection‐related epilepsy syndrome (FIRES): Summary and clinical tools
Authors: Wickström Ronny , Taraschenko Olga , Dilena Robertino , Payne Eric T. , Specchio Nicola , Nabbout Rima , Koh Sookyong , Gaspard Nicolas , Hirsch Lawrence J. ,   the International NORSE Consensus Group
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo develop consensus‐based recommendations for the management of adult and pediatric patients with new‐onset refractory status epilepticus (NORSE)/febrile infection‐related epilepsy syndrome (FIRES) based on best available evidence and expert opinion.MethodsThe Delphi methodology was followed. A facilitator group of nine experts was established who defined the scope, users, and suggestions for recommendations. Following a review of the current literature, recommendation statements concerning diagnosis, treatment, and research directions were generated that were then voted on using a scale of 1 (strongly disagree) to 9 (strongly agree) by a panel of 48 experts in the field. Consensus that a statement was appropriate was reached if the median score was greater than or equal to 7, and inappropriate if the median score was less than or equal to 3.ResultsOverall, 85 recommendation statements achieved consensus. The recommendations are divided into five sections: (1) disease characteristics; (2) diagnostic testing and sampling; (3) acute treatment; (4) treatment in the post‐acute phase; and (5) research, registries, and future directions in NORSE/FIRES. These are summarized in this article along with two practical clinical flowsheets: one for diagnosis and evaluation and one for acute treatment. A corresponding evidence‐based analysis of all 85 recommendations alongside responses by the Delphi panel is presented in a companion article.SignificanceThe recommendations generated by this consensus can be used as a guide for the diagnosis; evaluation; and management of patients with NORSE/FIRES; and for planning of future research.
Lactic acid bacteria and Staphylococcus carnosus fermentation as a means for eliminating 4‐alkyl branched odour fatty acids of mutton jerky and its effect on other quality characteristics
Authors: Zhou Jiaying , Ying Yubin , Peng Jianbin , Su Ping , Chen Jianchu , Hu Yaqin 
Published: August 2022

SummaryLactiplantibacilllus plantarum (Lp), Pediococcus pentosaceus (Pp) and Staphylococcus carnosus (Sc) were applied to remove the odour fatty acid, and the effect on quality characteristics of mutton jerky was investigated. The results showed that the mixed strains, especially the Lp + Pp + Sc treatment, had a strong ability to remove odour. Under the action of microbial enzymes, the three main fatty acids (4‐methyloctanoic acid, 4‐ethyloctanoic acid and 4‐methylnonanoic acid) that form the odour of mutton were hydrolysed. After fermentation, the water activity and moisture content of the mutton jerky decreased, making it easier to preserve. The colour also became redder and brighter, and the shear force decreased, making it easier to chew. Also, the variety of volatile flavour substances increased which may derive from amino acid metabolism (such as 2‐heptanaldehyde), β‐lipid oxidation (1,7,7‐trimethyl‐heptanone) and esterification (such as ethyl benzoate). The fermentation group showed an increase in the overall sensory score, for appearance, colour, taste and texture scores, and an increase in consumer friendliness. In conclusion, lactic acid bacteria and S. carnosus were helpful in the removal of odour and improvement of physicochemical properties of mutton jerky.
Longitudinal study of wound healing status and bacterial colonisation of Staphylococcus aureus and Corynebacterium diphtheriae in epidermolysis bullosa patients
Authors: Fuentes Ignacia , Yubero María Joao , Morandé Pilar , Varela Carmen , Oróstica Karen , Acevedo Francisco , Rebolledo‐Jaramillo Boris , Arancibia Esteban , Porte Lorena , Palisson Francis 
Published: August 2022

AbstractEpidermolysis bullosa (EB) is an inherited disorder characterised by skin fragility and the appearance of blisters and wounds. Patient wounds are often colonised or infected with bacteria, leading to impaired healing, pain and high risk of death by sepsis. Little is known about the impact of bacterial composition and susceptibility in wound resolution, and there is a need for longitudinal studies to understand healing outcomes with different types of bacterial colonisation. A prospective longitudinal study of 70 wounds from 15 severe EB patients (Junctional and Recessive Dystrophic EB) from Chile. Wounds were selected independently of their infected status. Wound cultures, including bacterial species identification, composition and Staphylococcus aureus (SA) antibiotic susceptibility were registered. Wounds were separated into categories according to their healing capacity, recognising chronic, and healing wounds. Hundred‐one of the 102 wound cultures were positive for bacterial growth. From these, 100 were SA‐positive; 31 were resistant to Ciprofloxacin (31%) and only seven were methicillin‐resistant SA (7%). Ciprofloxacin‐resistant SA was found significantly predominant in chronic wounds (**P < .01). Interestingly, atoxigenic Corynebacterium diphtheriae (CD) was identified and found to be the second most abundant recovered bacteria (31/101), present almost always in combination with SA (30/31). CD was only found in Recessive Dystrophic EB patients and not related to wound chronicity. Other less frequent bacterial species found included Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococus spp. and Proteus spp. Infection was negatively associated with the healing status of wounds.
An amorphous superionic conductor Li3PS4‐xLiBr with high conductivity and good air stability by halogen incorporation
Authors: Wang Guoda , Dong Pingping , Liang Bo , Lin Changgui , Shen Xiang , Dai Shixun , Jiao Qing 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAn amorphous superionic conductor is a promising solid electrolyte (SE) with excellent ionic conductivity and high energy density, which would be promising candidates for all‐solid‐state lithium‐ion batteries. However, these advantageous features alone are difficult to achieve large‐scale practical applications. Having a simple, effective synthetic route and good air stability is also critically important for SEs. Here, Li3PS4–xLiBr glass SE with high conductivity was obtained by simple mechanical milling and subsequent short‐term low‐temperature treatment. The site disorder between S2− and Br− anions facilitates ionic transport. Our comparison of air stability before and after doping with halogen revealed that Br− doping well reduced the production of H2S gas and improved the air stability of the SE.
Evaluation of probiotic potential of autochthonous lactobacilli strains isolated from Zabuli yellow kashk, an Iranian dairy product
Authors: Vasiee Alireza , Falah Fereshteh , Mortazavi Seyed Ali 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Aims
The aim of this study was to evaluate the probiotic potential and anti-biofilm activity of five lactobacilli strains which isolated and identified from an Iranian product.

Methods and Results
Five lactobacilli strains, which were isolated from Zabuli yellow kashk, were evaluated for the presence of probiotic properties, such as resistance to low pH, resistance to simulated gastrointestinal conditions, bile salt tolerance, hydrophobicity, and auto- and co-aggregation. In addition, antimicrobial susceptibility, adherence to Caco-2 cells (human colon cancer cell line), anti-adhesion activity, ability against biofilm formation and biofilm degradation of mentioned strains against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PTCC 1707 were assessed. All the strains tested showed acceptable characteristics, but Lactiplantibacillus plantarum TW57-4 appeared of particular interest. Some probiotic properties of this strain were similar and in some cases higher than the commercial probiotic strain Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG (standard sample). Cholesterol assimilation and radical-scavenging activity of Lpb. plantarum TW57-4 were 70.2% and 62.3%, respectively. The adhesion degree of Lpb. plantarum TW57-4 was 10.6%. Applying competition and inhibition assay, this strain showed 55.3% and 62.3% of competition and inhibition activity in adhesion of P. aeruginosa PTCC 1707 to the intestinal cells, respectively.

Conclusions
According to the obtained results, it can be concluded that Lpb. plantarum TW57-4 strain can be used as a promising candidate for in-vivo studies with the aim of developing new probiotic starter cultures.

Significance and Impact of the Study
The present study furthers our understanding of lactobacilli strains behaviour after consumption to establish their beneficial effects.
Interpreting treatment effect size from single case experimental design data: a preliminary analysis of differential effects of treatments designed to increase or decrease behaviour
Authors: Richman D. M. , Barnard‐Brak L. , Watkins L. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundEstimates of treatment effect size from single case experimental design (SCED) data may be impacted by the direction for treatment effects (i.e. ascending or descending slope for the dependent variable). Estimating effect sizes for treatments designed to decrease behaviour are potentially more restricted because the intended direction for treatment is zero (i.e. an absolute basal). Conversely, effect sizes for interventions that increase behaviour are less restricted due to a relatively unconstrained ceiling from a pure measurement standpoint (i.e. no absolute ceiling). That is, treatments that increase behaviour have a broader range of possible effect size values as the ceiling is only limited by demand characteristics and the learners' skills and motivation to exhibit the behaviour.MethodThe current study represents a preliminary analysis of the mean and range of SCED effect sizes for treatments designed to either increase or decrease target behaviour. A within‐case Cohen's d measure that was developed for SCED data was used to estimate treatment effect sizes.ResultsResults indicated that the mean and range of effect size values for treatments that increased behaviour were significantly greater compared with treatments that decreased behaviour.ConclusionsResults are discussed in terms of developing standards, or best practices, specific to interpreting effect size values and meeting quality control requirements for inclusion of the data set in future SCED meta‐analytic studies estimating treatment effect size. Specifically, preliminary results suggest that benchmarks for low, medium and high SCED effect size values need to be developed separately for treatments that increase or decrease levels of the dependent variable.
Microglia‐dependent remodeling of neuronal circuits
Authors: Guedes Joana R. , Ferreira Pedro A. , Costa Jéssica M. , Cardoso Ana L. , Peça João 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMicroglia are tissue‐resident macrophages responsible for the surveillance, neuronal support, and immune defense of the brain parenchyma. Recently, the role played by microglia in the formation and function of neuronal circuits has garnered substantial attention. During development, microglia have been shown to engulf neuronal precursors and participate in pruning mechanisms while, in the mature brain, they influence synaptic signaling, provide trophic support and shape synaptic plasticity. Recently, studies have unveiled different microglial characteristics associated with specific brain regions. This emerging view suggests that the maturation and function of distinct neuronal circuits may be potentially associated with the molecular identity microglia adopts across the brain. Here, we review and summarize the known role of these cells in the thalamus, hippocampus, cortex, and cerebellum. We focus on in vivo studies to highlight the characteristics of microglia that may be important in the remodeling of these neuronal circuits and in relation to neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders.image
Predictors of professional burnout and fulfilment in a longitudinal analysis on nurses and healthcare workers in the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Guastello Andrea D. , Brunson Jason Cory , Sambuco Nicola , Dale Lourdes P. , Tracy Natasha A. , Allen Brandon R. , Mathews Carol A. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAims and objectives(1) To investigate the vulnerability of nurses to experiencing professional burnout and low fulfilment across 5 months of the COVID‐19 pandemic. (2) To identify modifiable variables in hospital leadership and individual vulnerabilities that may mitigate these effects.BackgroundNurses were at increased risk for burnout and low fulfilment prior to the COVID‐19 pandemic. Hospital leadership factors such as organisational structure and open communication and consideration of employee opinions are known to have positive impacts on work attitudes. Personal risk factors for burnout include symptoms of depression and anxiety.MethodsHealthcare workers (n = 406 at baseline, n = 234 longitudinal), including doctors (n = 102), nurses (n = 94), technicians (n = 90) and non‐clinical administrative staff (n = 120), completed 5 online questionnaires, once per month, for 5 months. Participants completed self‐report questionnaires on professional fulfilment and burnout, perceptions of healthcare leadership, and symptoms of anxiety and depression. Participants were recruited from various healthcare settings in the southeastern United States. The STROBE checklist was used to report the present study.ResultsBoth at baseline and across the 5 months, nurses working during the COVID‐19 pandemic reported increased burnout and decreased fulfilment relative to doctors. For all participants, burnout remained largely steady and fulfilment decreased slightly. The strongest predictors of both burnout and fulfilment were organisational structure and depressive symptoms. Leadership consideration and anxiety symptoms had smaller, yet significant, relationships to burnout and fulfilment in longitudinal analyses.ConclusionsBurnout and reduced fulfilment remain a problem for healthcare workers, especially nurses. Leadership styles and employee symptoms of depression and anxiety are appropriate targets for intervention.Relevance to clinical practiceLeadership wishing to reduce burnout and increase fulfilment among employees should increase levels of organisational support and consideration and expand supports to employees seeking treatment for depression and anxiety.
Efficacy of non‐pharmacological interventions in pain relief and opioid consumption after cardiac surgery: A systematic review and Bayesian network meta‐analysis
Authors: Liu Maobai , Ni Ruping , Huang Shunmin , Yang Xin , Lin Qinghua , Lin Pengtao , Yang Jing 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate and rank the evidence for the efficacy of non‐pharmacological interventions in relieving pain after cardiac surgery using comprehensive comparisons.BackgroundAlthough several previous systematic reviews and meta‐analyses showed that non‐pharmacological interventions effectively control and reduce pain after cardiac surgery, none quantitatively compared the effect of these different types of interventions.DesignSystematic review and Bayesian network meta‐analysis based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses for Network Meta‐Analysis guidelines.MethodsSix databases were searched from inception to April 2021 to collect all published evidence from randomised clinical trials. One author extracted the relevant information from the eligible trials; a second author independently reviewed the data. Before analysing the extracted data, two investigators independently assessed the quality of the included studies. Conventional meta‐analysis was conducted using either fixed‐ or random‐effects models according to statistical heterogeneity. The Bayesian network meta‐analysis was conducted using the consistency model.ResultsWe identified 42 randomised clinical trials comparing 14 groups with 4253 patients. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, acupressure, music and massage were effective for pain relief, with transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation being associated with the best probability of successful pain relief after cardiac surgery (cumulative ranking curve surface, 0.97; probability, 77.03%). Acupressure (cumulative ranking curve surface, 0.79; probability, 30.69%) was the second‐best option. However, there was no evidence that any pair‐up intervention significantly reduced opioid use or anxiety.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, acupressure, music and massage may effectively alleviate postoperative cardiac pain, with transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation representing the best choice for pain relief.Relevance to clinical practiceThe results of this network meta‐analysis can guide patients after cardiac surgery and healthcare providers to make optimal decisions in managing postoperative cardiac pain.Trial registrationPROSPERO CRD42021246183.
Efficacy of discontinuing the use of low‐dose aspirin at 28 weeks of gestation for preventing preeclampsia
Authors: Kawaguchi Haruna , Kanagawa Takeshi , Yamamoto Ryo , Sasahara Jun , Okamoto Yoko , Mitsuda Nobuaki , Ishii Keisuke 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAimLow‐dose aspirin (LDA) has been shown to reduce the incidence of preeclampsia (PE). Previous studies have focused on the timing of LDA initiation, but no study to date has assessed the timing of LDA discontinuation. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of LDA when LDA is initiated between 12 and 16 weeks of gestation and continued until 28 weeks of gestation.MethodsThis prospective cohort study with historical controls investigated singleton pregnancies that were at a high risk for PE. High‐risk factors were defined as a history of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, chronic hypertension, diabetes mellitus, autoimmune disease, obesity, and high normal blood pressure in the first trimester. We performed adjustments using propensity score matching (PSM) for each indication of LDA, maternal age, primiparity, and assisted reproductive technology.The primary outcome was the incidence of PE. Secondary outcomes were the incidence of preterm PE, fetal growth restriction (FGR), preterm birth, fetal malformation, and maternal postpartum hemorrhage (PPH).ResultsA total of 203 and 543 participants were assigned to the LDA and control group, respectively. After PSM, there was no significant difference in the incidence of PE (22.0% vs. 16.8%; p = 0.20), preterm PE (12.0% vs. 13.1%; p = 0.76), FGR (7.9% vs. 12.0%; p = 0.17), or preterm birth (17.3% vs. 15.7%; p = 0.68). There was also no significant increase in maternal PPH or in the incidence of fetal malformations.ConclusionDiscontinuing the use of LDA at 28 weeks of gestation did not result in a lower incidence of PE and FGR.
Landscape genomics of the American lobster (Homarus americanus)
Authors: Dorant Yann , Laporte Martin , Rougemont Quentin , Cayuela Hugo , Rochette Rémy , Bernatchez Louis 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn marine species experiencing intense fishing pressures, knowledge of genetic structure and local adaptation represent a critical information to assist sustainable management. In this study, we performed a landscape genomics analysis in the American lobster to investigate the issues pertaining to the consequences of making use of putative adaptive loci to reliably infer population structure and thus more rigorously delineating biological management units in marine exploited species. Toward this end, we genotyped 14,893 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) in 4190 lobsters sampled across 96 sampling sites distributed along 1000 km in the northwest Atlantic in both Canada and the USA. As typical for most marine species, we observed a weak, albeit highly significant genetic structure. We also found that adaptive genetic variation allows detecting fine‐scale population structure not resolved by neutral genetic variation alone. Using the recent genome assembly of the American lobster, we were able to map and annotate several SNPs located in functional genes potentially implicated in adaptive processes such as thermal stress response, salinity tolerance and growth metabolism pathways. Taken together, our study indicates that weak population structure in high gene flow systems can be resolved at various spatial scales, and that putatively adaptive genetic variation can substantially enhance the delineation of biological management units of marine exploited species.
Manipulating expectancies in optometry practice: Ocular accommodation and stereoacuity are sensitive to placebo and nocebo effects
Authors: Vera Jesús , Redondo Beatriz , Ocaso Elena , Martinez‐Guillorme Sara , Molina Rubén , Jiménez Raimundo 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIntroductionThere is scientific evidence that an individual's beliefs and/or expectations play a role in the behavioural and physiological response to a given treatment. This study aimed to assess whether the dynamics of the accommodative response and stereoacuity are sensitive to experimentally induced placebo and nocebo effects.MethodsNineteen healthy university students performed three experimental sessions (placebo, nocebo and control) in randomised order, with the dynamics of the accommodative response (magnitude and variability), stereoacuity and subjective measures being assessed in all sessions. For the experimental manipulation, participants ingested an inert capsule that was alleged to have positive (white capsule, placebo condition) or negative (yellow capsule, nocebo conditions) effects on the human physiology. In the control condition, participants did not ingest a capsule.ResultsThe data revealed that the variability of accommodation was sensitive to experimentally induced placebo and nocebo effects, showing a more stable accommodative response for the placebo compared with the nocebo condition (corrected p‐value = 0.04, Cohen's d = 0.60). In addition, better stereoacuity was found with the placebo, compared with the nocebo (corrected p‐value = 0.01, Cohen's d = 0.69) and control (corrected p‐value = 0.03, Cohen's d = 0.59) conditions. Successful experimental manipulation was confirmed by the analysis of subjective perceptions.ConclusionsThese findings provide evidence that manipulating expectations about the efficacy of an inert treatment affect the dynamics of the accommodative response (variability of accommodation) and stereoacuity. The results have important applications in both clinical and research outcomes, where individuals´ beliefs/expectations could modulate the visual function.