bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identifying Patients With Hypoglycemia Using Natural Language Processing: Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Zheng Yaguang , Dickson Victoria Vaughan , Blecker Saul , Ng Jason M , Rice Brynne Campbell , Melkus Gail D’Eramo , Shenkar Liat , Mortejo Marie Claire R , Johnson Stephen B 
Published: April 2022

Background
Accurately identifying patients with hypoglycemia is key to preventing adverse events and mortality. Natural language processing (NLP), a form of artificial intelligence, uses computational algorithms to extract information from text data. NLP is a scalable, efficient, and quick method to extract hypoglycemia-related information when using electronic health record data sources from a large population.

Objective
The objective of this systematic review was to synthesize the literature on the application of NLP to extract hypoglycemia from electronic health record clinical notes.

Methods
Literature searches were conducted electronically in PubMed, Web of Science Core Collection, CINAHL (EBSCO), PsycINFO (Ovid), IEEE Xplore, Google Scholar, and ACL Anthology. Keywords included hypoglycemia, low blood glucose, NLP, and machine learning. Inclusion criteria included studies that applied NLP to identify hypoglycemia, reported the outcomes related to hypoglycemia, and were published in English as full papers.

Results
This review (n=8 studies) revealed heterogeneity of the reported results related to hypoglycemia. Of the 8 included studies, 4 (50%) reported that the prevalence rate of any level of hypoglycemia was 3.4% to 46.2%. The use of NLP to analyze clinical notes improved the capture of undocumented or missed hypoglycemic events using International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision (ICD-9), and International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision (ICD-10), and laboratory testing. The combination of NLP and ICD-9 or ICD-10 codes significantly increased the identification of hypoglycemic events compared with individual methods; for example, the prevalence rates of hypoglycemia were 12.4% for International Classification of Diseases codes, 25.1% for an NLP algorithm, and 32.2% for combined algorithms. All the reviewed studies applied rule-based NLP algorithms to identify hypoglycemia.

Conclusions
The findings provided evidence that the application of NLP to analyze clinical notes improved the capture of hypoglycemic events, particularly when combined with the ICD-9 or ICD-10 codes and laboratory testing.
Building Cross-Border Trade Union Solidarity in the Americas: Putting Organizational Identities at Stake
Authors: Dufour-Poirier Melanie 
Published: April 2022

Purpose:This article considers an in-depth intra-case analysis of a North-South alliance that came into being in the Americas, where the absence of any state power regulating such initiatives makes their emergence more complex. Methodological design:To substantiate this case, some 77 semi-structured field interviews were conducted between 2004 and 2018 with 60 key union representatives in the mining industry. Results: Theyconfirm that a key to the success of transnational alliances lies in the actors’ ability to developa community of risks and fate built around a strong sense of belonging to the group, in opposition to opponents and in the name of clearly defined project and scale. They also confirm that three main levels ofcontingencies have shaped the alliance's evolution. Research limitations: Even though our findings cannot be generalized, wider lessons can be learned from this contribution. Findings:They dissolve the analytical relevance of the North-South cleavage which appears to be overused conceptually. The plasticity of the union responses in terms of transnational solidarity are also strongly rooted in space, time and the contingencies of the moment. Such findings open up an almost limitless field of possibilities for future research and validation in both the North and South.
The Teaching of Indonesian Culture-Based Speaking Skills Using the Textbook “al-Arabiyah Lil Hayah”
Authors: Toifah Nur , Al Faruq Umar 
Published: April 2022

This study describes teaching Indonesian culture-based speaking skills using the textbook al-Arabiyah Lil Hayah. This research uses the descriptive qualitative method. At the same time, the data collection techniques in the study were carried out by triangulation techniques which included observation, documentation, and literacy. The implementation of teaching Indonesian culture-based speaking skills is carried out in four ways: 1) in planning, which includes the preparation of a Semester Learning Plan (RPS); 2) in teaching materials, the theme of Arabic speaking skills is integrated with Indonesian culture in a “melting pot”; 3) in the implementation of learning, teachers use several learning methods in turn, including picture and picture, role-playing, communicative, story, discussion, and group work; and 4) in the learning assessment, some assessed aspects are pronunciation, sentence arrangement, clarity of voice, the accuracy of vocabulary, and smoothness.
An Inclusive Review on Mucilage: Extraction Methods, Characterization, and its Utilization for Nanocarriers Manufacturing
Authors: Archana , , Suman Abhishek , Singh Vijay 
Published: April 2022

Mucilages have attracted a lot of study and commercial interest as a result of the growing interest in natural ingredients. Mucilages are polysaccharide hydrocolloids having a wide range of physicochemical and structural properties, as well as functional and health benefits. Plant-derived mucilage has been discovered to be a natural thickening and emulsifier, as well as a substitute for manufactured polymers and chemicals. It is used as an edible coating to increase the shelf life of fresh vegetables and fruits, as well as many other food products, because it is an invisible barrier that separates the surface from the surrounding atmosphere. Mucilage can also be utilised to make nanocarriers in addition to its functional features. The most extensively used traditional and developing extraction and purification procedures are explained in this overview, which is supplemented with information on the important criteria for determining the physicochemical and functional qualities of mucilages. The biodegradable and biocompatible features of these low-cost excipients make them more suitable for the development of innovative formulations. Understanding the ecological, economic, and scientific aspects that influence production, as well as the efficacy of mucus as a multi-directional agent, will allow it to be used in a variety of businesses.
Keywords: Bioactive compounds, Mucilages, Extraction, Polysaccharides, Food applications, Biopolymers
vNN model cross validation towards Accuracy, Sensitivity, Specificity and kappa performance measures of β-caryophyllene using a restricted-unrestricted applicability domain on Artificial Intelligence & Machine Learning approach based in-silico prediction
Authors: Krishnaveni K. , Sabitha M. , Murugan M. , Kandeepan C. , Ramya S. , Loganathan T. , Jayakumararaj R. 
Published: April 2022

Wide-reaching interest in use of plant derived secondary metabolites (PDSMs) has been growing world over. This implies that the beneficial effects of plant based natural products (PBNPs) being rediscovered and harnessed for the development of novel drugs; drug-leads and structural background for drug design. Survey of literature on the indigenous use of traditional medicinal knowledge bestows ethnopharmacological potentials of PBNPs that has inspired drug design and development through research in drug discovery; PBNPs provide baseline for the development of drug leads against various pharmacological targets. Studies indicate that Cymbopogon martini Essential Oil (CMEO) exhibits a wide range of biological activities (anticancer, antidiabetic, antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, hepatoprotective and insecticide) attributed to the presence of bio-active secondary metabolites (BASM). However, wide-spread application of CMEO is limited because of typical odor, color and taste. In the present study, In-silico Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Elimination, Toxicity (ADMET) studies of β-caryophyllene (BCP) from Cymbopogon martinii is envisaged. β-caryophyllene enhances wound healing through multiple routes therefore, Non AMES toxic, Non-carcinogens, and biodegradable nature of β-caryophyllene prospects this compound as considered as an apt lead for the development of drugs for the treatment of cuts and wounds besides other diseases viz., diabetics, cancer, metabolic inflammation and other long term complications associated with these diseases. In particular, BCP inhibits cytochrome P450 isoforms (CYP3A4) that metabolize xenobiotics and results in adverse effects. Pharmacokinetic properties and predicted score values of β-caryophyllene have highlighted that both pharmacological and toxicological aspects need to be further investigated before put to clinical trials.
Keywords: ADMET; β-caryophyllene; Cymbopogon martinii; Cardiotoxicity; Cytotoxicity; Drugability; Pharmacokinetics; Bioactivity; Essential Oil;
Review on Kalemic Conditions in Pregnancy
Authors: Roy Athira , Jacob Nissy P , Vaishnavi AR , Sudha M , Sambath Kumar R 
Published: April 2022

Hypokalemia and hyperkalemia, are common electrolyte electrolyte diseases related to changes in potassium intake, excretion, or transcellular shifts. Hypokalemia is commonly induced by diuretics and gastrointestinal losses, whereas hyperkalemia is typically caused by kidney disease, hyperglycemia, and pharmaceutical use. The aetiology of kalemia can range from minor to severe, and it can be caused by diet, drugs, or another disease. Symptoms of hypokalemia include sinus bradycardia, ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation and acute muscle weakness, gestational hypertension, adrenal insufficiency, and renal failure are the symptoms associated with hyperkalemia. Chronic kidney disease and intrauterine fetal death are life-threatening complications associated kalemia in child bearing mother. The medical profile remitted promptly on potassium intake for hypokalemia or increase potassium excretion for hyperkalemia. This review gives an insight into the causes, symptoms, complications as well as pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments of Kalemic conditions in pregnancy. This review also reported some cases of hypo and hyperkalemia in pregnancy in both human and animals.
Keywords: Hypokalemia, Hyperkalemia, Pregnancy, Potassium.
To perform Gas chromatography and Mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) analysis of Achyranthes aspera L. leaf extract
Authors: Prakash Ved 
Published: April 2022

To understand the significance of herbal drugs and the mechanism of their preparations, the knowledge of the bioactive chemical constituents of plants is required. The knowledge of the chemical constituents of plants would be valuable in discovering the actual potential/value of folkloric remedies. Gas chromatography and Mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) is considered as the most promising technique to identify or find out the exact chemical constituents in different plant extracts possessing medicinal activity. The current study was designed to find out the bio-active constituents present in methanol leaf extract of Achyranthes aspera by using Gas chromatography and Mass spectroscopy. GC-MS chromatograms of leaf extracts revealed the presence of numerous phyto-chemicals by showing different peaks of different heights. 12 major peaks were seen in methanol leaf extract of this plant by using this technique. The major chemical compounds/constituents were Phytol (21.99%), 9,12-Octadecadienoicacid (Z,Z) (13.74%) and 9,12,15-Octadecatrienoic acid, methyl ester, (Z,Z,Z) (13.35%). The occurrence of these active compounds in A. aspera may be associated directly or indirectly with its therapeutic potential.
Keywords: Achyranthes aspera, methanol leaf extract, phytochemicals, Gas chromatography and Mass spectroscopy (GC-MS)
Preparation and Evaluation of Oral Thin Films of a Natural Product: Syzygium cumini seed powder
Authors: Palakurthi Sushesh Srivatsa , Jakka Deeksha , Pinnamraju Durga Nithya 
Published: April 2022

Aim of this project is to develop oral thin films of Syzygium cumini seed powder. Though there were chewable tablets of Syzygium cumini reported in the literature, it has been chosen to formulate oral thin films of Syzygium cumini seed powder as they are expected to be more accepted by pediatrics, over the chewable tablets. Because of its high health benefits, these dosage forms have a potential to be nutraceuticals. Various phyto constituents present in the Syzygium cumini seed powder were screened through phytochemical screening. Four different formulations of oral thin films have been developed out of which two were optimized. Oral thin films were formulated with Syzygium cumini as the active ingredient and hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose, sodium alginate, glucose, guar gum, stevia, polyethylene glycol, water and dichloromethane were used as excipients. Different evaluation studies were performed for the oral thin films. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis was performed for the oral thin films to check the interactions between the active ingredients and the excipients. Antibacterial activity of the oral thin films was performed against two different bacterial species viz, Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis. It is concluded that the developed oral thin films were depicting antibacterial activity.
Keywords: Syzygium cumini, oral films, natural product, nutraceuticals, anti-bacterial activity
Appraisals of Sero-detection of Treponema pallidum Antibodies IgG and IgM and CBC parameters among Spontaneous Recurrent Miscarriage in Women- Case-Control Study in Gezira State 2018
Authors: El-Hag Alaa Abdelgadir Mohamed , Abuzeid Nadir 
Published: April 2022

Objectives: We determined Sero-detection of Treponema pallidum (IgG and IgM antibodies) using ELIZA techniques women with recurrent Miscarriage in Gezira state and appraisal of other risk factors.
Methods: in this case-control, a hospital-based study conducted at Wad Madani teaching hospital Department of Obstetrics gynecological, Gezira State, Sudan. Ninety subjects were involved, 45 were women with recurrent Miscarriage, and controls were healthy pregnant women (no miscarriage). Serum Treponema pallidum antibodies were estimated by the ELIZA method.
Results: Sero-detection of IgG and IgM antibodies by using ELIZA techniques, a total of 45 miscarriage women (cases) for IgM 6 (13.3%) were positive, and 39 (48.8%) were negative for Treponema pallidum by using ELISA techniques. A total of 45 non-miscarriage women (control) for IgM 4 (8.9%) were positive, and 41(91.1%) were negative For Treponema pallidum by using ELISA techniques. A total of 45 miscarriage women (cases) for IgG 13(28.9%) were positive, 32(71.1%) were negative. Furthermore, IgG for non-miscarriage, like IgM 4(8.9%), was positive, and 41(91.1%) were negative.
Conclusion: Higher prevalence of Treponema pallidum IgG seropositivity among pregnant women who reported miscarriages compared to those who did not report miscarriages (p < 0.001) while no association between IgM seropositivity and pregnant women who reported miscarriages.
BIOTRANSFORMASI KANDUNGAN SENYAWA KIMIA MINYAK GURJUN BALSAM MENGGUNAKAN Aspergillus niger
Authors: Nisyak Khoirun , Hisbiyah A'yunil , Nurfadlilah Lilik 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT
Gurjun balsam oil is one of the essential oils from Indonesia isolated from Dipterocarpus turbinatus resin. Gurjun balsam oil has a fragrant aroma and benefits as a traditional medicine in the Indochina region. The main chemical content of balsam gurjun oil is alfa-copaena and several other sesquiterpenes (C15H24) class compounds. In this study, biotransformation of the gurjun balsam oil with Aspergillus niger was carried out at room temperature with an agitation speed of 130 rpm and avariation of the incubation time of 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours. The biotransformation of balsam gurjun oil produced some main products as follows: alfa-copaene (60.53%), beta-caryophyllene (22.76%), humulene (3.87%), and alpha-cadinene (12.83%). The optimum incubation time with the highest copaena product was 72 hours. Biotransformation of gurjun balsam oil by Aspergillus niger does not produce new derivatives but increases the yield of the alpha-copaena. Αlpha-copaena in gurjun balsam oil has strong potential as anti-eczematic in treating skin problems. Keywords: biotransformation, gurjun balsam oil, alpha-copaena, and Aspergillus niger
ABSTRAK
Minyak gurjun balsam merupakan salah satu minyak atsiri asal Indonesia yang diisolasi dari resin tanaman Dipterocarpus turbinatus. Minyak gurjun balsam memiliki aroma yang harum dan digunakan sebagai obat tradisional di daerah Indocina. Kandungan kimia utama minyak balsam gurjun adalah alfa-kopaena dan beberapa senyawa golongan seskuiterpen (C15H24) lainnya. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan biotransformasi minyak gurjun balsam dengan Aspergillus niger. Proses biotransformasi dilakukan pada suhu kamar dengan kecepatan agitasi 130 rpm dan variasi waktu inkubasi 24, 48, 72, dan 96 jam. Produk yang ditransformasi kemudian dianalisis dengan Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometer (GC-MS). Produk utama yang dihasilkan dari biotransformasi minyak balsam gurjun adalah alfa-kopaena (60,53%), beta-karyofilena (22,76%), humulena (3,87%), dan alfa-kadinena (12,83%). Waktu inkubasi optimum dengan produk kopaene tertinggi adalah 72 jam. Biotransformasi minyak gurjun balsam oleh Aspergillus niger tidak menghasilkan turunan baru tetapi meningkatkan rendemen alfa-kopaena. Alfa kopaena memiliki potensi sebagai anti eksim yang kuat untuk mengatasi masalah kulit.
Kata kunci: biotransformasi, minyak gurjun balsam, alfa-copaena, dan Aspergillus niger
PHYTOCHEMISTRY PROFILE, EFFICACY, AND SAFETY OF GREEN TEA (Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze) FOR BREAST CANCER CHEMOPREVENTION: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: Hartanti Dwi , Rofida Siti 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT
The consumption of tea (Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze), mainly green tea, is famous for various health benefits. This review summarizes the potential use of green tea and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) for breast cancer chemoprevention. The data were retrieved from the online publication on the Pubmed database and covered the phytochemistry, preclinical study, and clinical trial of green tea related to its use as a breast cancer chemopreventive agent. Catechins, particularly EGCG, are the chemopreventive bioactive constituents of green tea. Preclinical studies demonstrated that the anti-proliferative and induction of apoptosis potentials of green tea are mediated through several different mechanisms. However, no association between green tea intake and a lowered breast cancer risk in human studies, but it might be favorable for secondary cancer prevention.
Keywords: green tea, epigallocatechin gallate, chemopreventive, breast cancer.

ABSTRAK
Konsumsi teh (Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze), terutama teh hijau, terkenal dengan berbagai manfaat kesehatannya. Ulasan ini merangkum potensi penggunaan teh hijau dan epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) untuk kemoprevensi kanker payudara. Data diambil dari publikasi online di database Pubmed dan mencakup fitokimia, studi praklinis, dan uji klinis teh hijau terkait dengan penggunaannya sebagai agen kemopreventif kanker payudara. Katekin, terutama EGCG, adalah konstituen bioaktif kemopreventif teh hijau. Studi praklinis menunjukkan bahwa anti-proliferatif dan induksi potensi apoptosis teh hijau dimediasi melalui beberapa mekanisme yang berbeda. Namun, tidak ada hubungan antara asupan teh hijau dan penurunan risiko kanker payudara dalam penelitian pada manusia, tetapi mungkin menguntungkan untuk pencegahan kanker sekunder.
Kata kunci: teh hijau, epigallocatechin gallate, kemopreventif, kanker payudara.
Left Ventricular Strain in Neonates using 2-dimensional speckle tracking: Normal range and relation with bi-plan Ejection fraction.
Authors: Nahili Khaled Al , Saleem Irfan , Ahmad Salim , Ahmed El Tayeb , Rajaa Najlaa Al 
Published: April 2022

Objectives: Echocardiographic assessment of Left ventricular
systolic function is traditionally being performed by estimation of
fractional shortening and Ejection fraction. Speckle tracking
echocardiography (STE) is a promising tool for assessment of myocardial
function. The aim of this study is to evaluate the global longitudinal
strain (GLS) using 2D-STE in healthy neonates to establish normal
reference ranges. Method: it is a retrospective study through
an analysis of transthoracic echocardiogram of normal healthy neonates.
We enrolled all neonates in our institution from 1
January 2021 to 28 February 2021. 2-D STE was used
to assess left ventricular global longitudinal strain from the apical
views. Results: 185 neonates were enrolled. Mean value for left
ventricle GLS (%) was -19.9 ± 1.2, GLS-derived ejection fraction (%)
was 60.0 ± 2.7; while the left ventricle ejection fraction by biplane
Simpson’s method (%) was 61.0 ± 3. There is a good positive correlation
between the Left Ventricle EF by biplane Simpson’s method and EF by 2-D
STE, which was statistically significant ( r = 0.294, n =
102, p=0.003). Apical 4-chamber longitudinal strain and strain
derived EF is significantly correlated with GLS and bi-plan EF
respectively. Conclusion: 2-STE is feasible technique for
analyzing newborn myocardial systolic function. The normal range of GLS
in neonates is not much different than reported for the pediatric. There
is a good positive correlation between the Left Ventricle EF by 2-D STE
and EF by biplane method.
Tipos básicos de objeto no R: vetores e listas
Authors: Baltar Ronaldo , Baltar Claudia Siqueira 
Published: April 2022

Esse conteúdo digital foi criado como parte da atividade de capacitação
”Introdução ao R e RStudio para ciência social computacional”. É uma
iniciativa de formação e difusão científica
do Observatório de Populações e
Políticas Púbicas (ObPPP) e
do Programa de Formação
Complementar de Graduação em Pesquisa Social Computacional (InfoSoc),
ambos vinculados ao Dept.º C.
Soc. / CLCH, Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL), Paraná - Brasil
Analysis of citizens’ awareness in the issues of posthumous corneal donation
Authors: Vishnyakov N. I. , Konstantinova P. I. , Kochorova L. V. , Klyukovkin K. S. , Kozyrev A. A. 
Published: April 2022

The objective was to analyze the views of citizens of the Russian Federation on a number of issues related to donation and transplantation of a cadaveric cornea.Methods and materials. In order to conduct a sociological survey of citizens, we have developed a questionnaire that includes a number of questions concerning the topics of donation and transplantation. The total volume of the study was 768 observation units. Results. Most of the respondents had a positive attitude towards posthumous donation. Almost all respondents knew about the existence of queues for organ transplantation, and also generally agreed with the opinion that informational popularization of posthumous donation should be carried out. The overwhelming majority of respondents believe that it is mandatory to have an informed consent during their lifetime, but some of them allow an operation to remove organs without such consent in some cases. Conclusion. Given the lack of knowledge about posthumous donation, there is a need to carry out sanitary and educational work among the population, revealing in detail all the main provisions related to posthumous donation.