bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Novel Trajectory for a Transpedicular Approach in the Treatment of a Highly Downward-Migrated Lumbar Herniation with a Full Endoscopic Technique
Authors: Jiang Yi , Zuo Rujun , Yuan Shuai , Li Jian , Liu Chang , Zhang Jiexun , Ma Ming 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundTo evaluate the clinical outcome of full endoscopic discectomy using a novel trajectory via a transpedicular approach.MethodThirty-five patients were enrolled in this retrospective study between July 2014 and October 2019 in the Beijing Haidian Hospital. All patients were treated with full-endoscopic lumbar discectomy via a transpedicular approach with an oblique trajectory. The imaging parameters, including pedicle height and angle of trajectory, were recorded. The preoperative and postoperative clinical data were collected for statistical analysis.ResultsAll patients underwent successful surgery without severe complications. We compared the visual analogue scale and Oswestry disability index scores before and after surgery. The differences were statistically significant (p &lt; 0.05). According to the modified Macnab criteria, the good-to-excellent rate was 85.7% at the last follow-up. The average angles of trajectory in the sagittal and coronal planes were 34.5° ± 2.9° and 47.1° ± 5.0°, respectively.ConclusionThe new trajectory of the transpedicular approach with a full endoscopic technique for an extremely downward-migrated disc herniation showed excellent results in a small sample study. A precise surgical plan is required, comprising measurements of the pedicle height and angle of the bone tunnel.
Evaluation of Soil Evolution After a Fire in the Southeast of Spain: A Multiproxy Approach
Authors: Martín Lorenzo Daniel , Rodríguez Tovar Francisco Javier , Martín Peinado Francisco José 
Published: May 2022

Fire is considered as part of the ecological dynamic in Mediterranean forests and is strongly related to an anthropogenic origin. The aim of this study is to evaluate the evolution of soil properties after a fire in the short term (20 months) by the use of soil quality indicators. The work is based on a multiproxy approach about three basic aspects: 1) the study of changes in soil properties; 2) the estimation of erosion rates; and 3) the evaluation of colonization evolution by soil arthropods through ichnological analysis. Three sectors were selected for this study: a burned and intervened area, a burned and not intervened area, and a reference area. Soil samples were taken randomly from each plot and their main physico-chemical properties analyzed. The assessment of soil erosion was estimated for each plot from three transects (20 m in length) perpendicular to the maximum slope, and the same transects were used for the ichnological study to identify the different bioturbations and the producers. An increase in pH and K values and C/N ratio, and a decrease in total N, available P, CEC, and respiration rate were observed among the fire-affected areas and the reference area; however, there were no significant differences in soil organic carbon. According to erosion, the hydrological correction measures based on the construction of barriers with trunks and branches favored higher runoff and erosion rates in the intervened areas with respect to the not intervened areas. The ichnological analysis showed that arthropods of Formicidae family and Lycosidae sp. genre were the main organisms that recolonized post-fire scenarios; moreover, a lower ichnodiversity is observed in the not intervened area, although with a greater abundance, with respect to the intervened and reference area. According to our results, 20 months after the fire most soil physical-chemical properties did not experiment significant differences in relation to unburned reference area. Our erosion estimation suggested the hydrological correction measures were not appropriate to reduce erosion rates and led to higher soil losses. Moreover, our ichnological study supports the domination by pioneer and opportunist organisms in the recolonization of burned areas.
Analisis Visual Pada Poster Promosi Film Trilogi Batman
Authors: Ashari Aldy Muhamad , Rochmawati Irma 
Published: May 2022

Poster merupakan suatu media penyampaian pesan dan informasi kepada masyarakat yang sudah digunakan sejak lama sesuai dengan kepentingannya tak terkecuali dalam promosi sebuah film. Dalam mempromosikan suatu film yang akan ditayangkan poster promosi film tentunya akan sangat membuat film yang akan ditayangkan tersebut jadi lebih dikenal dan sekaligus sebagai ‘wajah’ dari filmnya. Dalam penelitian ini mengkaji tanda dan unsur visual yang ditampilkan pada poster promosi film trilogi Batman karya Christopher Nolan yaitu The Dark Knight Trilogy yang dimana merupakan film batman yang paling sukses dalam segi pendapatan maupun penghargaan. Dalam poster promosi film ini terdapat kesan dan juga suatu makna yang memiliki relasi dengan filmnya dan tidak hanya sebagai keindahan estetika semata pada tampilan posternya. Semiologi Ferdinand De Saussure digunakan sebagai metode penelitian untuk membantu peneliti mengkaji tentang unsur visual dan tanda yang ada pada poster promosi ini. Semiologi adalah kajian mengenai suatu tanda, penanda, dan petanda dan relasi diantara tanda tersebut berdasarakan konvensi di masyarakat. Dalam hasil penelitian ini ditemukan tanda-tanda yang berhubungan dengan film serta visual posternya dibuat melebihi dari referensi adegan film.
TESTING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF FORMULATION OF ANTIFUNCIAL PREPARATION OF GARLIC (ALLIUM SATIVUM L.) ETHANOL EXTRACT MOUNTWASH ON THE GROWTH OF CANDIDA ALBICANS
Authors: Pranata Chandra , Sundara Putri , . Evi 
Published: May 2022

Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang uji efektivitas formulasi sediaan antifungi obat kumur ekstrak etanol bawang putih (Allium sativum L.) Terhadap pertumbuhan jamur Candida albicans. Ekstrak etanol bawang putih mengandung beberapa senyawa metabolit sekunder, dimana yang berperan sebagai antijamur adalah alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin, dan tanin. Obat kumur ekstrak etanol bawang putih dibuat menjadi lima formula yaitu F0 (basis), F1 (ekstrak etanol bawang putih 15%), F2 (ekstrak etanol bawang putih 25%), F3 (ekstrak etanol bawang putih 50%), dan F4 (ekstrak etanol bawang putih 100%). Evaluasi obat kumur meliputi pemeriksaan Organoleptis, dan Homogenitas. Uji aktivitas antijamur sediaan obat kumur dilakukan dengan metode difusi agar dan dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA satu arah. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan bahwa sifat fisik sediaan obat kumur memberikan hasil yang baik dan memenuhi syarat sediaan obat kumur. Hasil uji aktivitas antijamur sediaan obat kumur memberikan diameter rata-rata daya hambat sebesar F1 (12,3 mm), F2 (17,3 mm), F3 (18,5 mm) dan F4 (21,6 mm).
Kovács Tímea, Adorján Mária (szerk.): Korpusznyelvészet és nyelvi közvetítés (Károli Gáspár Református Egyetem ‒ L’Harmattan Kiadó. 2020. 180 pp, ISBN 978-963-414-738-1)
Authors: Götz Andrea 
Published: May 2022

A Korpusznyelvészet és nyelvi közvetítés című kötet a 2020 januárjában, a KRE és a MANYE közreműködésében megszervezett Fordításoktatási szakmai nap előadásait adja közre.
Arrêt cardiaque : le clap de fin pour l’adrénaline?
Authors: Colin Gwenhael 
Published: May 2022

Découverte il y a plus d’un siècle, l’adrénaline a été utilisé dans la réanimation cardio-pulmonaire avant l’ère de la médecine basée sur les preuves, sur la base d’expérimentations animales et de cas cliniques. En raison de doute sur sa toxicité notamment neurologique, les résultats des essais randomisés étaient très attendus. Ils sont décevants puisque si l’adrénaline permet d’augmenter la survie, elle n’améliore pas significativement la survie sans séquelle neurologique majeure. Cependant, ces deux études prospectives ne donnent pas d’argument pour une toxicité neurologique de l’adrénaline. Dans les deux cas, il y avait une tendance non significative en faveur de l’adrénaline. Utiliser pour une étude prospective le pronostic neurologique comme critère de jugement principal nécessite l’inclusion d’un nombre considérable de patients. Les études rétrospectives sont entachées de nombreux biais dont certains sont propres à l’arrêt cardiaque. Faire repartir le cœur ne suffit pas et ne permet pas de réparer les dommages déjà subis: améliorer significativement le pronostic neurologique de l’arrêt cardiaque implique surtout de travailler sur des étapes précédant l’administration de l’adrénaline : reconnaissance précoce de l’arrêt cardiaque, initiation du massage cardiaque externe par les témoins, défibrillation précoce. Sur une population avec un meilleur pronostic au moment de l’injection, il sera plus aisé de réaliser des études pour préciser indications, doses et rythme optimum d’administration de l’adrénaline. Compte-tenu des données et même si le niveau de preuve peut paraître faible, il ne parait pas possible de recommander de ne pas utiliser l’adrénaline dans l’arrêt cardiaque extrahospitalier.
Estilos de crianza y agresividad en escolares del distrito de San Luis, Lima
Authors: Castañeda Ospina Sandra Cristina , Candela Ayllón Victor Eduardo 
Published: May 2022

A fin de determinar la relación entre estilos de crianza y agresividad en escolares de cuarto y quinto de primaria, se llevó a cabo este estudio en un colegio estatal del distrito de San Luis, en la ciudad de Lima, el año 2020. El método empleado fue el hipotético deductivo, de enfoque cuantitativo, y el tipo de estudio fue descriptivo, correlacional y explicativo, de diseño no experimental y de corte transversal. Participaron 174 escolares de ambos sexos. Se utilizó el cuestionario de agresividad AQ de Buss y Perry, y la escala de estilos de crianza de Steinberg, adaptados ambos para el contexto peruano. Los resultados mostraron que las variables se relacionaron de manera significativa (p < 0,05, prueba chi cuadrado de independencia). Los estilos de crianza negligente, autoritario y permisivo se asociaron con el nivel alto de agresividad; mientras que el estilo mixto se asoció con el nivel promedio y el estilo autoritativo, con el nivel muy bajo de agresividad. A modo de conclusión, se indica que en el caso de la crianza en la que se evidencia mayor compromiso por parte de los padres con las necesidades de los hijos, estos tienden a desarrollar muy bajos comportamientos basados en la agresividad.
Disk Evolution Study through Imaging of Nearby Young Stars (DESTINYS): A Panchromatic View of DO Tau’s Complex Kilo-astronomical-unit Environment
Authors: Huang Jane , Ginski Christian , Benisty Myriam , Ren 任 Bin 彬 , Bohn Alexander J. , Choquet Élodie , Öberg Karin I. , Ribas Álvaro , Bae Jaehan , Bergin Edwin A. , Birnstiel Til , Boehler Yann , Facchini Stefano , Harsono Daniel , Hogerheijde Michiel , Long Feng , Manara Carlo F. , Ménard François , Pinilla Paola , Pinte Christophe , Rab Christian , Williams Jonathan P. , Zurlo Alice 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
While protoplanetary disks are often treated as isolated systems in planet formation models, observations increasingly suggest that vigorous interactions between Class II disks and their environments are not rare. DO Tau is a T Tauri star that has previously been hypothesized to have undergone a close encounter with the HV Tau system. As part of the DESTINYS ESO Large Programme, we present new Very Large Telescope (VLT)/SPHERE polarimetric observations of DO Tau and combine them with archival Hubble Space Telescope (HST) scattered-light images and Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) observations of CO isotopologues and CS to map a network of complex structures. The SPHERE and ALMA observations show that the circumstellar disk is connected to arms extending out to several hundred astronomical units. HST and ALMA also reveal stream-like structures northeast of DO Tau, some of which are at least several thousand astronomical units long. These streams appear not to be gravitationally bound to DO Tau, and comparisons with previous Herschel far-IR observations suggest that the streams are part of a bridge-like structure connecting DO Tau and HV Tau. We also detect a fainter redshifted counterpart to a previously known blueshifted CO outflow. While some of DO Tau’s complex structures could be attributed to a recent disk–disk encounter, they might be explained alternatively by interactions with remnant material from the star formation process. These panchromatic observations of DO Tau highlight the need to contextualize the evolution of Class II disks by examining processes occurring over a wide range of size scales.
The Dense Gas Mass Fraction and the Relationship to Star Formation in M51
Authors: Heyer Mark , Gregg Benjamin , Calzetti Daniela , Elmegreen Bruce G. , Kennicutt Robert , Adamo Angela , Evans Aaron S. , Grasha Kathryn , Lowenthal James D. , Narayanan Gopal , Rosa-Gonzalez Daniel , Schloerb F. P. , Souccar Kamal , Tang Yuping , Teuben Peter , Vega Olga , Wall William F. , Yun Min S. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Observations of 12CO J = 1 – 0 and HCN J = 1 – 0 emission from NGC 5194 (M51) made with the 50 m Large Millimeter Telescope and the SEQUOIA focal plane array are presented. Using the HCN-to-CO ratio, we examine the dense gas mass fraction over a range of environmental conditions within the galaxy. Within the disk, the dense gas mass fraction varies along the spiral arms but the average value over all spiral arms is comparable to the mean value of interarm regions. We suggest that the near-constant dense gas mass fraction throughout the disk arises from a population of density-stratified, self-gravitating molecular clouds and the required density threshold to detect each spectral line. The measured dense gas fraction significantly increases in the central bulge in response to the effective pressure, P

e
, from the weight of the stellar and gas components. This pressure modifies the dynamical state of the molecular cloud population and, possibly, the HCN-emitting regions in the central bulge from self-gravitating to diffuse configurations in which P

e
is greater than the gravitational energy density of individual clouds. Diffuse molecular clouds comprise a significant fraction of the molecular gas mass in the central bulge, which may account for the measured sublinear relationships between the surface densities of the star formation rate and molecular and dense gas.
A Near-surface Temperature Model of Arrokoth
Authors: Umurhan Orkan M. , Grundy William M. , Bird Michael K. , Beyer Ross , Keane James T. , Linscott Ivan R. , Birch Samuel , Bierson Carver , Young Leslie A. , Stern S. Alan , Lisse Carey M. , Howett Carly J. A. , Protopapa Silvia , Spencer John R. , Binzel Richard P. , McKinnon William B. , Lauer Tod R. , Weaver Harold A. , Olkin Catherine B. , Singer Kelsi N. , Verbiscer Anne J. , Parker Alex H. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
A near-surface thermal model for Arrokoth is developed based on the recently released 105 facet model of the body. This thermal solution takes into account Arrokoth’s surface reradiation back onto itself. The solution method exploits Arrokoth’s periodic orbital character to develop a thermal response using a time-asymptotic solution method, which involves a Fourier transform solution of the heat equation, an approach recently used by others. We display detailed thermal solutions assuming that Arrokoth’s near-surface material’s thermal inertia



=

2.5 W/m−2 K−1 s1/2. We predict that at New Horizons’ encounter with Arrokoth, its encounter hemisphere surface temperatures were ∼57–59 K in its polar regions, 30–40 K in its equatorial zones, and 11–13 K for its winter hemisphere. Arrokoth’s orbitally averaged temperatures are around 30–35 K in its polar regions and closer to 40 K near its equatorial zones. Thermal reradiation from the surrounding surface amounts to less than 5% of the total energy budget, while the total energy ensconced into and exhumed out of Arrokoth’s interior via thermal conduction over one orbit is about 0.5% of the total energy budget. As a generalized application of this thermal modeling together with other Kuiper Belt object origins considerations, we favor the interpretation that New Horizons’ REX instrument’s 29 ± 5 K brightness temperature measurement is consistent with Arrokoth’s near-surface material being made of sub-to-few-millimeter-size tholin-coated amorphous H2O ice grains with 1 W/m−2 K−1 s1/2

<



<

10–20 W/m−2 K−1 s1/2 and which are characterized by an X-band emissivity in the range 0.9 and 1.
A Predicted Dearth of Majority Hypervolatile Ices in Oort Cloud Comets
Authors: Lisse C. M. , Gladstone G. R. , Young L. A. , Cruikshank D. P. , Sandford S. A. , Schmitt B. , Stern S. A. , Weaver H. A. , Umurhan O. , Pendleton Y. J. , Keane J. T. , Parker J. M. , Binzel R. P. , Earle A. M. , Horanyi M. , El-Maarry M. , Cheng A. F. , Moore J. M. , McKinnon W. B. , Grundy W. M. , Kavelaars J. J. , Linscott I. R. , Lyra W. , Lewis B. L. , Britt D. T. , Spencer J. R. , Olkin C. B. , McNutt R. L. , Elliott H. A. , Dello-Russo N. , Steckloff J. K. , Neveu M. , Mousis O. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
We present new, ice species-specific New Horizons/Alice upper gas coma production limits from the 2019 January 1 MU69/Arrokoth flyby of Gladstone et al. and use them to make predictions about the rarity of majority hypervolatile (CO, N2, CH4) ices in Kuiper Belt objects and Oort Cloud comets. These predictions have a number of important implications for the study of the Oort Cloud, including the determination of hypervolatile-rich comets as the first objects emplaced into the Oort Cloud, the measurement of CO/N2/CH4 abundance ratios in the protoplanetary disk from hypervolatile-rich comets, and population statistical constraints on early (<20 Myr) planetary aggregation driven versus later (>50 Myr) planetary migration driven emplacement of objects into the Oort Cloud. They imply that the phenomenon of ultradistant active comets like C/2017K2 should be rare, and thus not a general characteristic of all comets. They also suggest that interstellar object 2I/Borisov may not have originated in a planetary system that was inordinately CO rich, but rather could have been ejected onto an interstellar trajectory very early in its natal system’s history.
Database of fish fauna in a highly urbanised river (Tsurumi River Basin, Kanagawa, Japan)
Authors: Itsukushima Rei , Maruoka Keisuke 
Published: May 2022

Urbanisation has facilitated changes in the hydrological cycle, sediment dynamics and habitat loss and it has had a tremendous impact on river ecosystems. Moreover, the invasion of non-native species reduces the number of native species with the progress of urbanisation, thereby resulting in the homogenisation of fish fauna and significant decrease in diversity. However, the effects of urbanisation on fish fauna vary depending on the region, degree of urbanisation and number of years since the construction of the city. Hence, it is necessary to collect information on how fish fauna changes due to urbanisation in different regions. The target site of the present study is the Tsurumi River, of which approximately 85% of the basin is urbanised and many of the river channels have been affected by straightening and concrete channelling. Monitoring of biota has been conducted mainly in downstream areas; however, data on fish fauna in upstream areas and tributaries of the river, which have been substantially affected by urbanisation, are lacking.
Surveys were conducted at 71 sites in the Tsurumi River Basin during summers and winters, focusing on river channels that have been straightened or converted to concrete channels due to urbanisation. As a result of this investigation, 10 families, 28 species and 9,335 individuals were collected. Some of the fish collected included rare species, such as Tanakia lanceolata, Lefua echigonia and Pseudobagrus tokiensis, indicating that, even in rivers that have been severely impacted by human activities, there are still rare indigenous species living there, albeit in limited numbers. In addition, Misgurnus sp. (clade B2), Micropterus salmoides, Lepomis macrochirus and Poecilia reticulata were confirmed to be non-native species. Misgurnus sp. (clade B2) was widespread; however, populations of carnivorous non-native alien species were small. The data are all accessible from the document “database_fish_urban_tsurumi” (https://ipt.pensoft.net/manage/resource?r=database_fish_urban_tsurumi).
EU-US Green Initiatives: Opportunities and Challenges for the Future of Transatlantic Green Partnerships
Authors: Moral Alicia Bellón , Calamanti Giada , Erdaç Ezgi 
Published: May 2022

Après le rapport spécial du GIEC de 2018 sur les conséquences d’un réchauffement climatique de 1,5 degré Celsius supérieur au niveau préindustriel, les dirigeants mondiaux et la communauté internationale ont encouragé les politiques d’atténuation du climat. De nombreux pays ont dévoilé des stratégies pour lutter contre le changement climatique et satisfaire aux objectifs de l’Accord de Paris. L’Union européenne et la Corée du Sud ont été les premières à lancer un accord vert global, tandis que le Japon et la Chine ont annoncé des engagements d’émissions nettes nulles. Les États-Unis, eux, poursuivent la définition de leur posture après la fin de la présidence Trump. Compte tenu du besoin crucial de coopération internationale en matière de changement climatique, les partenariats verts entre l’Union européenne et les États-Unis – en tant qu’alliés traditionnels, mais aussi grands émetteurs – pourraient favoriser une évolution plus marquée et accélérée de l’atténuation du changement climatique sur la scène mondiale.
Exploiter l’agriculture dans la zone interdite entre 1940 et 1944 : l’action de la société Ostland
Authors: Lyautey Margot 
Published: May 2022

Comment l’Allemagne nazie exploite-t‑elle l’agriculture dans la zone interdite ? Les autorités d’occupation profitent de la production agricole d’une manière spécifique à travers l’action de la société Ostland. Cette entreprise de capital public est un rouage important de la politique agricole d’occupation, car elle exerce dans cette zone un faire-valoir direct sur des fermes françaises. Sur 170 000 hectares de terres agricoles, elle place des spécialistes allemands à la tête de quelque 370 grandes exploitations, où sont appliquées des méthodes dites « modernes ». Mais son action se traduit aussi par la mise en œuvre d’une gestion résolument national-socialiste de la main-d’œuvre, fondée sur une hiérarchisation de catégories de race et de genre.
Territoires et dessertes par transport rapide
Authors: Marchal Vincent 
Published: May 2022

En un demi-siècle, depuis les années 1970, des réseaux de transport rapide (autoroutes, TGV, aéroports) ont progressivement tissé leur maillage sur des territoires de la France métropolitaine. L’essentiel des réseaux a d’abord été radial et le reste, avec des liens de Paris vers les régions ; puis des réseaux entre les grandes villes des régions et entre ces grandes villes et celles d’autres pays ont été mis en service. Dans quelle mesure les choix géographiques de ces réseaux ont-ils profité et profitent-ils au développement des territoires en bénéficiant ? Et qu’en est-il des territoires éloignés des réseaux de transport rapide ? Répondre à ces questions permet d’éclairer à la fois les enjeux d’aménagement du territoire et de développement local.