bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does the market value the accounting expertise of chief financial officers? Evidence from the market value of cash holdings
Authors: Gao Li , Lee Jay Junghun , Shin Yong‐Chul 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis study investigates whether and how equity investors value the accounting expertise of chief financial officers (CFOs) in managing cash assets. Using hand‐collected CFO data of S&P 1500 firms from 1999 to 2015, we find that the stock market places a higher value on cash assets when firms replace a non‐accountant CFO with an accountant CFO. Specifically, the market value of an additional dollar of cash increases by 92 cents following such CFO turnovers. Moreover, we find that the positive effect of CFOs’ accounting backgrounds on the market value of cash is particularly evident for firms in low growth industries and firms with weak corporate governance. Our evidence highlights efficient cash management as an important channel through which accountant CFOs contribute to firm value.
A black box congenital heart defect: Anomalous superior vena cava drainage into the left atrium
Authors: Karev Egor , Karpova Darya , Stovpyuk Oksana , Kozlenok Andrey 
Published: October 2022

AbstractA 25‐year‐old pregnant woman with low oxygen saturation due to unclear congenital heart disease was admitted. During work‐up the rare anomaly of superior vena cava drainage to the left atrium was diagnosed by transthoracic bubble test with agitated saline. The pathology was later confirmed by contrast multislice computed tomography angiography after delivery.
Dimensions of cognition, behaviour, and mental health in struggling learners: A spotlight on girls
Authors: Guy Jacalyn , Mareva Silvana , Franckel Grace ,   the CALM Team, Holmes Joni 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundFewer girls than boys are identified as struggling at school for suspected problems in attention, learning and/or memory. The objectives of this study were to: i) identify dimensions of cognition, behaviour and mental health in a unique transdiagnostic sample of struggling learners; ii) test whether these constructs were equivalent for boys and girls, and; iii) compare their performance across the dimensions.Methods805 school‐aged children, identified by practitioners as experiencing problems in cognition and learning, completed cognitive assessments, and parents/carers rated their behaviour and mental health problems.ResultsThree cognitive [Executive, Speed, Phonological], three behavioural [Cognitive Control, Emotion Regulation, Behaviour Regulation], and two mental health [Internalising, Externalising] dimensions distinguished the sample. Dimensions were structurally comparable between boys and girls, but differences in severity were present: girls had greater impairments on performance‐based measures of cognition; boys were rated as having more severe externalising problems.ConclusionsGender biases to stereotypically male behaviours are prevalent among practitioners, even when the focus is on identifying cognitive and learning difficulties. This underscores the need to include cognitive and female‐representative criteria in diagnostic systems to identify girls whose difficulties could go easily undetected.
Potential for femoral size optimization for off‐the‐shelf implants: A CT derived implant database analysis
Authors: Grothues Sonja , Hohlmann Benjamin , Zingde Sumesh M. , Radermacher Klaus 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn total knee arthroplasty, the femoral implant size is chosen mainly based on the femoral anteroposterior (AP) height and mediolateral (ML) width. This choice often is a compromise, due to limited size availability. Inadequate AP fit is expected to alter flexion laxity and thus knee function. Inadequate ML fit entails underhang or overhang, which is linked to worse clinical outcomes. Hence, we aimed to find implant size distributions, which maximize population coverage, and to evaluate the sensitivity regarding error bounds and the number of implant sizes for a database of 85,143 cases. All patients in the database have been provided with a patient‐specific implant in the past. For a subset of 1049 cases, three‐dimensional preoperative bone surface models were available. These were used to validate whether the implant dimensions were representative of the bone dimensions. Particle Swarm Optimization was used for optimizing the implant size distribution. The deviations between implant and bone measures in the subset were found to be clinically irrelevant. Therefore, the full database of 85,143 cases was used for further analyses. A higher sensitivity of the population coverage regarding the error bounds compared to the number of implant sizes was found. For an exemplary setup of 12 optimized implant sizes and error bounds of ±1.5 mm for AP and ±3 mm for ML, a population coverage of almost 85% was achieved. In contrast, even with 30 implant sizes, a full population coverage could not be reached. Hence, remaining cases should be provided with patient‐specific implants.
Improving the bioaccessibility of lipophilic ingredient in its oral intestinal delivery by ultrasound and biological cross‐linker
Authors: Wei Yun‐Shan , Teng Meng‐Jing , Feng Kun , Hu Teng‐Gen , Zong Min‐Hua , Wu Hong 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDGreat efforts have been made to improve the oral bioaccessibility of lipophilic ingredients with multi‐functionalities. Achieving intestinal delivery of lipophilic ingredients and their encapsulation in micelles composed of bile salts and lipid hydrolysates (i.e. fatty acids) is critical for improving oral bioaccessibility. Therefore, oil‐core microcapsules are considered ideal carriers of lipophilic ingredients. Previous studies have reported oil‐core/zein‐shell microcapsules constructed by a one‐step anti‐solvent process. Still, its efficacy as an intestinal delivery system was limited because if the porous shell structure.RESULTSZein solution was pretreated with ultrasound and tannic acid (TA) cross‐linking. Composite oil‐core microcapsule (COM) with a compact shell structure was successfully prepared by using modified zein solution in the anti‐solvent process. Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy and circular dichroism analyses indicated that ultrasound and TA synergistically promote the conformational transition of zein from α‐helix to β‐sheet and enhance the hydrophobic interactions among protein chains. The above changes contribute to the strengthen of shell zein network. Correspondingly, COM presents superior encapsulation efficiency and environmental stability over the simple oil‐core microcapsule (SOM) prepared without the use of ultrasound and TA. Furthermore, antioxidant activity of β‐carotene was well retained during the encapsulation process. In vitro studies indicated that COM was more resistant to digestibility and acid‐induced swelling. More than 87% of β‐carotene could be released in the intestine in a sustainable way. The controllable release behavior thus promoted a significant increase in bioaccessibility of β‐carotene encapsulated in COM compared to SOM (85.9% versus 48.5%).CONCLUSIONThe COM generated here shows potential for bioaccessibility improvement of lipophilic ingredients. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
A Humanized In Vitro Model of Innervated Skin for Transdermal Analgesic Testing
Authors: Malheiro Afonso , Thon Maria , Lourenço Ana Filipa , Gamardo Adrián Seijas , Chandrakar Amit , Gibbs Susan , Wieringa Paul , Moroni Lorenzo 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSensory innervation of the skin is essential for its function, homeostasis, and wound healing mechanisms. Thus, to adequately model the cellular microenvironment and function of native skin, in vitro human skin equivalents (hSE) containing a sensory neuron population began to be researched. In this work, a fully human 3D platform of hSE innervated by induced pluripotent stem cell‐derived nociceptor neurospheres (hNNs), mimicking the native mode of innervation, is established. Both the hSE and nociceptor population exhibit morphological and phenotypical characteristics resembling their native counterparts, such as epidermal and dermal layer formation and nociceptor marker exhibition, respectively. In the co‐culture platform, neurites develop from the hNNs and navigate in 3D to innervate the hSE from a distance. To probe both skin and nociceptor functionality, a clinically available capsaicin patch (Qutenza) is applied directly over the hSE section and neuron reaction is analyzed. Application of the patch causes an exposure time‐dependent neurite regression and degeneration. In platforms absent of hSE, axonal degeneration is further increased, highlighting the role of the skin construct as a barrier. In sum, an in vitro tool of functional innervated skin with high interest for preclinical research is established.
New Pharmacophore Fingerprints and Weight‐matrix Learning for Virtual Screening. Application to Bcr‐Abl Data
Authors: Rehioui Hajar , Cuissart Bertrand , Ouali Abdelkader , Lepailleur Alban , Lamotte Jean‐Luc , Bureau Ronan , Zimmermann Albrecht 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn this work, we propose to analyze the potential of a new type of pharmacophoric descriptors coupled to a novel feature transformation technique, called Weight‐Matrix Learning (WML, based on a feed‐forward neural network). The application concerns virtual screening on a tyrosine kinase named BCR‐ABL. First, the compounds were described using three different families of descriptors: our new pharmacophoric descriptors, and two circular fingerprints, ECFP4 and FCFP4. Afterwards, each of these original molecular representations were transformed using either an unsupervised WML method or a supervised one. Finally, using these transformed representations, K‐Means clustering algorithm was applied to automatically partition the molecules. Combining our pharmacophoric descriptors with supervised Weight‐Matrix Learning (SWMLR) leads to clearly superior results in terms of several quality measures.
Dose and dose rate objectives in Bragg peak and shoot‐through beam orientation optimization for FLASH proton therapy
Authors: Ramesh Pavitra , Gu Wenbo , Ruan Dan , Sheng Ke 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPurposeThe combined use of Bragg peak (BP) and shoot‐through (ST) beams has previously been shown to increase the normal tissue volume receiving FLASH dose rates while maintaining dose conformality compared to conventional intensity‐modulated proton therapy (IMPT) methods. However, the fixed beam optimization method has not considered the effects of beam orientation on the dose and dose rates. To maximize the proton FLASH effect, here, we incorporate dose rate objectives into our beam orientation optimization framework.MethodsFrom our previously developed group‐sparsity dose objectives, we add upper and lower dose rate terms using a surrogate dose‐averaged dose rate definition and solve using the fast‐iterative shrinking threshold algorithm. We compare the dosimetry for three head‐and‐neck cases between four techniques: (1) spread‐out BP IMPT (BP), (2) dose rate optimization using BP beams only (BP‐DR), (3) dose rate optimization using ST beams only (ST‐DR), and (4) dose rate optimization using combined BP and ST (BPST‐DR), with the goal of sparing organs at risk without loss of tumor coverage and maintaining high dose rate within a 10 mm region of interest (ROI) surrounding the clinical target volume (CTV).ResultsFor BP, BP‐DR, ST‐DR, and BPST‐DR, CTV homogeneity index and Dmax were found to be on average 0.886, 0.867, 0.687, and 0.936 and 107%, 109%, 135%, and 101% of prescription, respectively. Although ST‐DR plans were not able to meet dosimetric standards, BPST‐DR was able to match or improve either maximum or mean dose in the right submandibular gland, left and right parotids, constrictors, larynx, and spinal cord compared to BP plans. Volume of ROIs receiving greater than 40 Gy/s ( was 51.0%, 91.4%, 95.5%, and 92.1% on average.ConclusionsThe dose rate techniques, particularly BPST‐DR, were able to significantly increase dose rate without compromising physical dose compared with BP. Our algorithm efficiently selects beams that are optimal for both dose and dose rate.
ClusterNet: a clustering distributed prior embedded detection network for early‐stage esophageal squamous cell carcinoma diagnosis
Authors: Wang Peisheng , Cai Shilun , Tan Weimin , Yan Bo , Zhong Yunshi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundEarly and accurate diagnosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is important for reducing mortality. Analyzing intrapapillary capillary loops' (IPCLs) patterns on magnification endoscopy with narrow band imaging (ME‐NBI) has been demonstrated effective in the diagnosis of early‐stage ESCC. However, even experienced endoscopists may face difficulty in finding and classifying countless IPCLs on ME‐NBI.PurposeWe propose a novel clustering prior embedded detection network: ClusterNet. ClusterNet is capable of analyzing the distribution of IPCLs on ME‐NBI automatically and enables endoscopists to overview multiple types of visualization. With ClusterNet assisting, endoscopists may observe ME‐NBI images more efficiently, thus they may also predict the pathology and make medical decisions more easily.MethodsWe propose the first large‐scale ME‐NBI dataset with fine‐grained annotations by consensus of expert endoscopists. The dataset is splitted into a training set and an independent testing set based on patients. With two strategies for embedding, ClusterNet can automatically take the clustering effect into consideration. Prior to this work, none of the existing approaches take the clustering effect, which is rather important in classifying the IPCLs, into account.ResultsClusterNet achieves an average precision of 81.2% and an average recall of 90.0% for the detection of IPCLs patterns on each patient of the independent testing set. We also compare ClusterNet with other state‐of‐the‐art detection approaches. The performance of ClusterNet with embedding strategies is consistently superior to that of other approaches in terms of average precision, recall and F2‐Score.ConclusionsExperiments demonstrate that our proposed method is able to detect almost all the IPCLs patterns on ME‐NBI and classify them according to the Japanese Endoscopic Society (JES) classification accurately.
99mTechnetium‐pyrophosphate bone scan: A potential biomarker for the burden of transthyretin amyloidosis in skeletal muscle: A preliminary study
Authors: Wlodarski Richard , Seibert Kaitlin , Issa Naoum P. , O'Brien‐Penney Bill , Soliven Betty , Sarswat Nitasha , Appelbaum Daniel , Rezania Kourosh 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIntroduction/AimsTransthyretin amyloidosis (ATTR) proteins can infiltrate skeletal muscle and infrequently cause a myopathy. 99mTechnetium‐pyrophosphate (99mTc‐PYP) is a validated biomarker for cardiac involvement in variant and wild‐type ATTR (ATTRv and ATTRwt, respectively). The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that 99mTc‐PYP is a biomarker for muscle burden of ATTR.MethodsRadioisotope uptake in the deltoid muscles of patients with ATTR was compared to uptake in control subjects without amyloidosis in a retrospective study. 99mTc‐PYP scans were evaluated in 11 patients with ATTR (7 ATTRv, 4 ATTRwt) and 14 control subjects. Mean count (MC) values were measured in circular regions of interest (ROIs) 2.5–3.8 cm2 in area. Tracer uptake was quantified in the heart, contralateral chest (CC), and deltoid muscles.ResultsTracer uptake was significantly higher over the deltoids and heart but not the CC, in patients with ATTR than in control subjects. MC values were 120.1 ± 43.7 (mean ± SD) in ATTR patients and 78.9 ± 20.4 in control subjects over the heart (p = 0.005), 73.3± 21.0 and 63.5 ± 14.4 over CC (p = 0.09), and 37.0 ± 11.7 and 26.0 ± 7.1 averaged over both deltoid muscles (p = 0.014).Discussion99mTc‐PYP is a potential biomarker for ATTR amyloid burden in skeletal muscle.
The effect of fiber orientation and stacking sequence on carbon/E‐glass/epoxy intraply hybrid composites under dynamic loading conditions
Authors: Edwin Samson Ponnusamy , Senthil Kumaran Selvadurai , Vigneshwaran Shanmugam , Oisik Das 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis study investigated the dynamic mechanical properties of hybrid intraply carbon/E‐glass epoxy composites with different orientations and stacking sequences under different loading conditions with increasing temperature. A neat epoxy and five various hybrid composites such as Carbon (0°)/E‐glass (90°), Carbon (45°)/E‐glass (135°), Carbon (90°)/E‐glass (0°), Carbon/E‐glass (alternating layer), and Carbon/E‐glass (alternating layer 45°) were manufactured. Three‐point bending test and dynamic mechanical test were conducted to understand the flexural modulus and viscoelastic behavior (storage modulus, loss modulus, and loss tangent) of the composites. Dynamic mechanical test was performed with the dual cantilever method, at four different frequencies (1, 5, 10, and 20 Hz) and temperatures ranging from 30 to 150°C. The experimental results of storage modulus, loss modulus, and loss tangents were compared with the theoretical findings of neat epoxy and various hybrid composites. The glass transition temperature (Tg) increased with the increase in frequency. A linear fit of the natural log of frequency to the inverse of absolute temperature was plotted in the activation energy estimation. The interphase damping (tanδi) between plies and the strength indicator (Si) of the hybrid composites were estimated. It was observed that the neat epoxy had more insufficient storage and loss modulus and a high loss tangent at all the frequencies whereas hybrid composites had high storage and loss modulus and a low loss tangent for all the frequencies. Compared with other hybrid composites, Carbon (90°)/E‐glass (0°) had higher strength and activation energy. The result of reinforcement of hybrid fiber in neat epoxy significantly increases the material's strength and stability at higher temperatures whereas decreasing free molecular movement.
In situ synthesis of calcium pimelate as a highly dispersed β‐nucleating agent for improving the crystallization behavior and mechanical properties of isotactic polypropylene
Authors: Xie Li , Zhong Jin‐Rong , Li Yan , Zhang Yue‐Fei 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe reaction precursors pimelic acid (Pi) and calcium stearate (CaSt) were added in situ during extrusion of isotactic polypropylene (iPP) to generate self‐dispersed calcium pimelate (CaPi[IS]). The results reveal that the nucleating agents (NAs) synthesized in situ obviously affected the nucleation effect in iPP. The crystallization, mechanical properties and melting behavior of nucleated iPP were investigated. The crystallization temperature (Tc) of iPP modified with CaPi(IS) increased by 4–5°C when compared to that of pure iPP. Especially, when the addition amount of CaPi(IS) in iPP was 0.30 wt%, the relative β‐crystal concentration of iPP/CaPi(IS) reached the highest level of 96.47%, 22.71% higher than that of iPP/CaPi. However, Pi and CaSt has hardly impact on the nucleation effect in iPP. The mechanical properties of iPP show that CaPi and CaPi(IS) have excellent toughening effect on iPP while Pi and CaSt greatly improved the stiffness of iPP. Furthermore, the dispersion of these NAs in iPP was investigated by scanning electronic microscope (SEM). It can be clearly seen that the CaPi(IS) particles are uniformly distributed in the iPP after magnification.
International Society for Prenatal Diagnosis 2022 debate 3—Fetal genome sequencing should be offered to all pregnant patients
Authors: Van den Veyver Ignatia B. , Yaron Yuval , Deans Zandra C. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPrenatal trio exome sequencing (ES) has become integrated into the care for pregnant women when the fetus has structural anomalies. Details regarding optimizing indications for prenatal exome sequencing, its detection rates with different categories of fetal anomalies, and principles of interpretation of pathogenicity of sequence variants are still under investigation. However, there is now growing consensus about its benefits for finding the cause of fetal structural anomalies. What is not established, is whether exome or genome sequencing (GS) has a place in the care of all pregnant women. This report is a summary of the debate on this topic at the 26th International Conference on Prenatal Diagnosis and Therapy. Both expert debaters considered the advantages and disadvantages. Advantages include the ability to diagnose serious childhood conditions without a prenatally observable phenotype, which creates the potential of early treatments. Disadvantages include difficulties with variant classification, counseling complexities, healthcare cost, and the burden on healthcare systems and families, in particular with the discovery of adult‐onset disorders or variants of uncertain significance. Although both debaters weighed the balance of these conflicting arguments differently, they agreed that more research is needed to further explore the clinical utility and ethical aspects of GS for all pregnant women.
Upgrading an intronic TMEM67 variant of unknown significance to likely pathogenic through RNA studies and community data sharing
Authors: Kurolap Alina , Mory Adi , Simchoni Sharon , Krajden Haratz Karina , Malinger Gustavo , Birnbaum Roee , Baris Feldman Hagit , Yaron Yuval 
Published: October 2022

AbstractFetal phenotypeA couple of Ashkenazi Jewish descent was referred for an early anatomy scan at 14 + 2 weeks of gestation following a previous pregnancy termination due to posterior encephalocele and enlarged kidneys. The index pregnancy was also positive for several fetal abnormalities, including enlarged kidneys with cystic dysplasia and abnormal cerebellar morphology highly suggestive of Joubert syndrome.Genetic diagnostic test performed, result, and interpretationTrio exome sequencing revealed compound heterozygosity for variants in the TMEM67 gene: a known pathogenic maternally inherited variant found in trans with a paternal intronic variant of unknown significance. RNA analysis revealed that the intronic variant creates a cryptic acceptor splice site in intron 12, leading to the insertion of 22 bp and causing a frameshift with a premature stop codon. This analysis enabled the reclassification of the intronic variant to likely pathogenic.Implications and noveltyThis information empowered the couple to make informed reproductive choices and opt for preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) for future pregnancies.