bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hair cortisol concentration reflects the life cycle and management of grey wolves across four European populations
Authors: Pereira Patrícia , Fandos Esteruelas Núria , Nakamura Mónia , Rio-Maior Helena , Krofel Miha , Di Blasio Alessia , Zoppi Simona , Robetto Serena , Llaneza Luis , García Emilio , Oleaga Álvaro , López-Bao José Vicente , Fayos Martinez Manena , Stavenow Jasmine , Ågren Erik O. , Álvares Francisco , Santos Nuno 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe grey wolf (Canis lupus) persists in a variety of human-dominated landscapes and is subjected to various legal management regimes throughout Europe. Our aim was to assess the effects of intrinsic and methodological determinants on the hair cortisol concentration (HCC) of wolves from four European populations under different legal management. We determined HCC by an enzyme-linked immune assay in 259 hair samples of 133 wolves from the Iberian, Alpine, Dinaric-Balkan, and Scandinavian populations. The HCC showed significant differences between body regions. Mean HCC in lumbar guard hair was 11.6 ± 9.7 pg/mg (range 1.6–108.8 pg/mg). Wolves from the Dinaric-Balkan and Scandinavian populations showed significantly higher HCC than Iberian wolves, suggesting that harvest policies could reflected in the level of chronic stress. A significant negative relationship with body size was found. The seasonal, sex and age patterns are consistent with other studies, supporting HCC as a biomarker of chronic stress in wolves for a retrospective time frame of several weeks. Our results highlight the need for standardization of sampling and analytical techniques to ensure the value of HCC in informing management at a continental scale.
Comparison of endogenous amino acid losses in broilers when offered nitrogen-free diets with differing ratios of dextrose to corn starch
Authors: Zhou Huajin , Wu Wei , Mahmood Tahir , Chen Yanhong , Xu Yanwei , Wang Youli , Yuan Jianmin 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe nitrogen-free diet (NFD) method is widely used to determine the ileal endogenous amino acids (IEAAs) losses in broiler chickens. Starch and dextrose are the main components of NFD, but the effects of their proportion in the NFD on the IEAAs and the digestive physiology of broilers are still unclear. This preliminary study aims to explore the best proportion of glucose and corn starch in NFD to simulate the normal intestinal physiology of broilers, which helps to improve the accuracy of IEAAs determination. For this purpose, 28-day-old broiler chickens were allocated to five treatment groups for a 3-day trial, including a control group and four NFD groups. The ratios of dextrose to corn starch (D/CS) in the four NFD were 1.00, 0.60, 0.33, and 0.14, respectively. Results noted that NFD significantly reduced serum IGF-1, albumin, and uric acid levels compared with the control (P < 0.05), except there was no difference between group D/CS 0.33 and the control for IGF-1. The increased Asp, Thr, Ser, Glu, Gly, Ala, Val, Ile, Leu, His, Tyr, Arg, and Pro contents of IEAAs were detected in broilers fed the NFD with a higher ratio of D/CS (1.00 and 0.60) compared to the lower ratio of D/CS (0.33 and 0.14). Moreover, ileal digestibility of dry matter and activity of digestive enzymes increased as the D/CS elevated (P < 0.001). Further investigation revealed that the number of ileal goblet cells and Mucin-2 expression were higher in the group with D/CS at 1.00 when compared with group D/CS 0.33 and the control (P < 0.05). Microbiota analysis showed that NFD reshaped the gut microbiota, characterized by decreased microbial diversity and lower abundance of Bacteroidetes, and increased Proteobacteria (P < 0.05). Our results indicate that a higher D/CS ratio (1.00 and 0.60) in NFD increases IEAAs by promoting digestive enzymes and mucin secretion. However, the excessive proportion of starch (D/CS = 0.14) in NFD was unsuitable for the chicken to digest. The chickens fed with NFD with the D/CS ratio at 0.33 were closer to the normal digestive physiological state. Thus, the ratio of D/CS in NFD at 0.33 is more appropriate to detect IEAAs of broiler chickens.
Relationship of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies with Vitamin D and inflammatory markers in COVID-19 patients
Authors: Latifi-Pupovci Hatixhe , Namani Sadie , Pajaziti Artina , Ahmetaj-Shala Blerina , Ajazaj Lindita , Kotori Afrim , Haxhibeqiri Valdete , Gegaj Valentin , Bunjaku Gramoz 
Published: April 2022

AbstractSeveral studies have found an association of COVID-19 disease severity with Vitamin D deficiency and higher levels of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgGs. The aim of this study was to determine whether levels of Vitamin D and “inflammatory state” influence the magnitude of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgGs levels in COVID-19 patients. For this purpose, in 67 patients levels of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG were measured in week 4 whereas in 52 patients levels of Vitamin D were measured in week 1 after symptom onset. We found that low Vitamin D levels were significantly associated with age and disease severity whereas there was a trend without significance, towards negative correlation of Vitamin D with anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG were significantly higher in older ages, patients with severe disease, diabetes and those who received corticosteroid and antibiotic therapy. There was a positive correlation of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG with IL-6, CRP, LDH, ESR and with percentages of granulocytes. In conclusion, Vitamin D and anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG share common parameters associated with inflammatory state. However, even though Vitamin D protects against severe forms of COVID-19 it could not directly affect anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG production.
Comparison of CT findings and histopathological characteristics of pulmonary cryptococcosis in immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients
Authors: Wang Dong-xu , Zhang Qing , Wen Qiu-ting , Ding Guo-xu , Wang Yu-guang , Du Feng-xia , Zhang Tian-yu , Zheng Xiao-yang , Cong Hou-yi , Du You-li , Sang Jun-zhi , Wang Ming-da , Zhang Shan-xin 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPulmonary cryptococcosis (PC) is a common fungal infectious disease, and infection can occur in patients with any immune function. To better understand PC, we compared the CT findings and histopathological results in immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients. The clinical data of 68 patients with PC were collected retrospectively and divided into the immunocompetent group and immunocompromised group. The clinical characteristics, CT manifestations and histopathological characteristics of the two groups of patients were compared. Forty-two patients (61.8%) were immunocompetent, and 26 patients (38.2%) were immunocompromised. Compared with immunocompromised patients, 57.14% (24/42) of immunocompetent patients were asymptomatic (p = 0.002). Compared with immunocompetent patients, cough (14/26, 53.9%) and fever (13/26, 50.0%) were the main symptoms in immunocompromised patients (p = 0.044, p = 0.007). Nodular lesions (97.6%, 41/42) were the most common CT type in immunocompetent patients, and the CT characteristic was a single lesion (25/42, 59.5%); the main histopathological type was nodular fibrogranuloma (30/42, 71.4%), and the main histopathological characteristic was inflammatory granuloma (31/42, 73.81%) formed by macrophage phagocytosis of Cryptococcus. Consolidation (15/26, 57.7%) was more common in the CT type of immunocompromised patients. Multiple lesions (24/26, 92.31%), air bronchial signs (19/26, 73.081%) and cavities (9/26, 34.62%) were the main CT characteristics. The mucinous colloid type (19/26, 73.1%) was its main histopathological type, which was mainly characterized by a small amount of surrounding inflammatory cell infiltration (17/26, 65.4%). There were significant differences in the classification and characteristics of CT and pathology between the two groups (p < 0.05). Through the CT manifestations and histopathological characteristics of PC under different immune function states, it was found that immune function has a significant impact on the CT manifestations and histopathological characteristics of patients with PC.
Higher-order motif analysis in hypergraphs
Authors: Lotito Quintino Francesco , Musciotto Federico , Montresor Alberto , Battiston Federico 
Published: April 2022

AbstractA deluge of new data on real-world networks suggests that interactions among system units are not limited to pairs, but often involve a higher number of nodes. To properly encode higher-order interactions, richer mathematical frameworks such as hypergraphs are needed, where hyperedges describe interactions among an arbitrary number of nodes. Here we systematically investigate higher-order motifs, defined as small connected subgraphs in which vertices may be linked by interactions of any order, and propose an efficient algorithm to extract complete higher-order motif profiles from empirical data. We identify different families of hypergraphs, characterized by distinct higher-order connectivity patterns at the local scale. We also propose a set of measures to study the nested structure of hyperedges and provide evidences of structural reinforcement, a mechanism that associates higher strengths of higher-order interactions for the nodes that interact more at the pairwise level. Our work highlights the informative power of higher-order motifs, providing a principled way to extract higher-order fingerprints in hypergraphs at the network microscale.
Influencing factors and characterization methods of nanoparticles regulating amyloid aggregation
Authors: Li Lingyi , Liu Jianhui , Li Xinyue , Tang Yuanhan , Shi Changxin , Zhang Xin , Cui Yuming , Wang Linlin , Xu Wenlong 
Published: April 2022

This review included four factors that may influence the regulation of amyloid aggregation by nanoparticles and the characterization methods used in such studies.
Direct access to α,α-chlorofluoro arylketones via mild electrophilic heterohalogenation of arylalkynes
Authors: Lin Chuyuan , Chen Lu , Lin Huaping , Li Yibiao , Shen Chengshuo , Zhang Min 
Published: April 2022

By employing a compatible system of selectfluor and NaCl, a new practical approach for direct access to aryl α,α-chlorofluoro arylketones via mild electrophilic heterohalogenation of arylalkynes is presented.
Predicting Which Children Will Normalize Without Intervention for Speech Sound Disorders
Authors: To Carol Kit Sum , McLeod Sharynne , Sam Ka Lam , Law Thomas 
Published: April 2022

Purpose:
The speech of some children does not follow a typical normalization trajectory, and they develop speech sound disorders (SSD). This study investigated predictive correlates of speech sound normalization in children who were at risk of SSD.

Method:

A prospective population cohort study of 845 Cantonese-speaking preschoolers was conducted over 2.5 years to examine (a) children who resolved nonadult realizations of consonants (normalized) and (b) those who had persisting speech sound difficulties (did not normalize). From these 845, a sample of 82 participants characterized as having SSD (1.25
SD
s below the mean in a standardized speech assessment, with a delay in initial consonant acquisition or with one or more atypical errors) was followed for 2 years at 6-month intervals or until the completion of their initial consonant inventory. Data from 43 children who did not receive speech-language pathology services were analyzed with survival analysis to model time to normalization while controlling for covariates. The target event (outcome) was the completion of their initial consonant inventory.

Results:
Under the no-intervention condition, the estimated median time to normalization was 6.59 years of age. Children who were more likely to normalize or normalized in a shorter time were stimulable to all errors and more intelligible as rated by caregivers using the Intelligibility in Context Scale. Those who showed atypical error patterns did not necessarily take longer to normalize. Similarly, expressive language ability was not significantly associated with speech normalization.

Conclusions:
Stimulability and intelligibility were more useful prognostic factors of speech normalization when compared to (a)typicality of error patterns and expressive language ability. Children with low intelligibility and poor stimulability should be prioritized for speech-language pathology services given that their speech errors are less likely to resolve naturally.
Matrix modelling and optimisation calculation method for large‐scale integrated We‐Energy
Authors: Zhang Ning , Yang Lingxiao , Sun Qiuye , Li Yushuai 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWe‐Energy (WE), as an important energy unit with full duplex and multi‐energy carriers in the integrated energy system, uses the coupling matrix to connect the network‐side and demand‐side energy. However, the coupling matrix of WE is very hard to be formulated directly due to the complicated internal structure and the flexibility of operation mode. This paper proposes a multi‐step method for the modelling of WE. According to the method, the conversion process in the WE can be separated into several steps and the WE model can be built by the coupling matrix in each step. Then, the WE model is extended by considering the renewable energy, location of storage and different types of demand response. Because of the non‐linearity caused by the dispatch factors, the computational complexity increases greatly for solving the optimal scheduling issue of the WE. In order to reduce the computational burden, the variable substitution is added in the proposed modelling method. The results of simulation cases are presented to demonstrate the performance of the proposed modelling and calculation method.
Der andere Blick
Authors: Plath Matthias 
Published: April 2022

SummaryPflanzen befriedigen unsere Bedürfnisse/Begierden nach Nahrung, Heilung, Rausch und Schönheit. Die Vielfalt der Farben und Formen der Pflanzenwelt beeinflusst uns Menschen subtil aber intensiv. Die unmittelbare Verbindung zum Leben und zum Lebendigen finden wir in der Pflanze.
Outcomes of Surgery for intramuscular Haemangiomas in the Extremities
Authors: Zyluk Andrzej 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose The objective of this case-series study was an assessment of outcomes of surgery for intramuscular haemangiomas in the extremities.
Patients and Methods Three women and one man with a mean age of 28 (23 – 34) years were operated on for intramuscular haemangiomas in the extremities, 3 in the forearms, and 1 in the calf. Three of them, 2 after resection of tumours from the forearm, and one after resection of the tumour in the calf, were available for follow-up assessment at an average of 1.5 (1 – 2) years after surgery. For patients with the tumour in the forearm, preoperative and at the follow-up examination pain was registered with use of the numeric rank scale (NRS), grip strength with the Jamar dynamometer, and function of the extremity with the quickDASH questionnaire. In the patient with the lower limb involvement, pain at the operation site, and efficiency (dexterity) of gait were evaluated.
Results All 3 patients with a follow-up examination reported significant reduction of pain. With regard to grip strength and hand function, one patient had significant improvement, whereas in the other, there were no real changes compared to preoperative. The patient with the calf involvement had no symptoms and walked normally. Over the follow-up period, no recurrence was noted.
Conclusion The results of this small case-series study show that operative treatment of these rare tumours is safe and effective, however, it may be challenging in some cases.
Pulmonale Hypertonie und Polycythaemia vera
Authors: Westhoff Michael , Litterst Patric , Kreppein Ursula 
Published: April 2022

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Die Polycythaemia vera (PV) ist eine seltene Ursache einer Pulmonalen Hypertonie (PH) Klasse 5 nach Nizza-2018. Anhand von Kasuistiken werden die unterschiedlichen Verläufe, zum einen mit primärer Manifestation einer PH und nachfolgend einer PV, zum anderen mit Entwicklung einer PH im Rahmen einer PV, dargestellt.
Kasuistiken 1) Bei Erstkontakt 75-jährige Patientin mit progredienter Dyspnoe und Nachweis einer Belastungs-PH im RHK. Im Verlauf Entwicklung einer Ruhe-PH bis 70 mmHg systolisch trotz initialer Mono- und nachfolgend dualer Therapie der PH. Nach 5 Jahren Diagnose einer Polycythaemia vera und Einleitung einer Hydroxycarbamid-Therapie und nachfolgend auch Aderlässe. Im weiteren Verlauf zunehmende kardiale Dekompensation und Versterben. 2) 74-jährige Patientin bei Diagnosestellung einer chronisch megakaryozytären-granulozytären Myelose. Nach 7 Jahren Nachweis einer Polycythaemia vera (V617F-Mutation im JAK2-Gen) und einer monoklonalen Gammopathie. Bei Splenomegalie Milzbestrahlung und nach 1 Jahr Therapie mit Ruxolitinib. 2 Jahre später, bei zunehmender Dyspnoe, Nachweis einer pulmonalen Hypertonie (CTEPH) mit einem PA-mean von 43 mmHg und PVR von 4,5 WE. Unter Antikoagulation und Riociguattherapie nur passager Besserung der Belastbarkeit und der PA-Drucke. Innerhalb eines Jahres Entwicklung einer zunehmend restriktiven Ventilationsstörung mit Hypoxämie und einer Herzinsuffizienz (EF 45 %), mit Rechtsherzdekompensation und kardio-renalem Syndrom. Unter Dialyse nur kurzfristige Rekompensation, sodass die Patientin verstarb.
Diskussion Die Kasuistiken zeichnen sich durch eine Kombination aus PV und PH, bei unterschiedlicher zeitlicher Sequenz, sowie eine nur geringe passagere Beeinflussbarkeit durch eine PH-spezifische Therapie, mit nachfolgend progredienter kardialer Dekompensation aus. Sie spiegeln somit die verschiedenen Ätiologien, klinischen Manifestationsformen und die geringe therapeutische Beeinflussbarkeit einer PH bei myeloproliferativen Erkrankungen wider. Unklar ist weiterhin der Stellenwert einer PH-spezifischen Therapie insbesondere in Anbetracht unterschiedlicher Pathomechanismen in der Genese der PH.
Schlussfolgerung Patienten mit myeloproliferativen Erkrankungen bedürfen eines Screenings auf eine PH. Auch im Verlauf einer PH kann sich eine myeloproliferative Erkrankung demaskieren oder entwickeln. Die therapeutische Beeinflussbarkeit der PH ist eingeschränkt.
Do Antiangiogenics Promote Clot Instability? Data from the TESEO Prospective Registry and Caravaggio Clinical Trial
Authors: Carmona-Bayonas Alberto , Verso Melina , Sánchez Cánovas Manuel , Rubio Pérez Jaime , García de Herreros Marta , Martínez del Prado Purificación , Fernández Pérez Isaura , Quintanar Verduguez Teresa , Obispo Portero Berta , Pachón Olmos Vanessa , Gómez David , Ortega Laura , Serrano Moyano Marta , M. Brozos Elena , Biosca Mercedes , Antonio Rebollo Maite , Teijeira Sanchez Lucía , Hernández Pérez Carolina , David Cumplido Burón José , Martínez Lago Nieves , García Pérez Estefanía , Muñoz Langa Jose , Pérez Segura Pedro , Martínez de Castro Eva , Jimenez-Fonseca Paula , Agnelli Giancarlo , Muñoz Andrés 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a common complication in cancer patients. Much of its morbidity stems from the development of fatal pulmonary embolisms (PE). Little is known about the factors involved in clot stability, with angiogenesis possibly being implicated.
Methods The database is from the TESEO prospective registry that recruits cancer patients with VTE from 41 Spanish hospitals. Independent validation was conducted in a cohort from the Caravaggio trial. The objective is to evaluate the association between exposure to antiangiogenic therapies and the PE/VTE proportion in oncological patients.
Results In total, 1,536 subjects were evaluated; 58.4% (n = 894) had a PE and 7% (n = 108) received antiangiogenic therapy (bevacizumab in 75%). The PE/VTE proportion among antiangiogenic-treated individuals was 77/108 (71.3%) versus 817/1,428 (57.2%) among those receiving other alternative therapies (p = 0.004). The effect of the antiangiogenics on the PE/VTE proportion held up across all subgroups except for active smokers or those with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Exposure to antiangiogenics was associated with increased PEs, odds ratio (OR) 2.27 (95% CI, 1.42–3.63). In the Caravaggio trial, PE was present in 67% of the individuals treated with antiangiogenics, 50% of those who received chemotherapy without antiangiogenic treatment, and 60% without active therapy (p = 0.0016).
Conclusion Antiangiogenics are associated with increased proportion of PE in oncological patients with VTE. If an effect on clot stability is confirmed, the concept of thrombotic risk in cancer patients should be reconsidered in qualitative terms.
DBU- and DABCO-Promoted Selective Access to 2,5-Diarylnitrobenzoates and Cyclohexenones via One-Pot Reactions
Authors: Samanta Sampak , Rathor Shikha Singh , Majee Debashis 
Published: April 2022

AbstractRemarkable organobase-controlled selective synthesis of a wide breadth of valuable 2,5-diaryl-4-nitrobenzoates and 1-hydroxy-4-oxocyclohexencarboxylates bearing a tetrasubstituted stereogenic carbon is reported. This one-pot cyclization reaction operates between a bunch of 3-nitroallylarenes and β,γ-unsaturated α-ketocarbonyls by carefully choosing DBU or DABCO as an organobase under aerobic conditions. Notably, as a nucleophilic base, DABCO favors the Nef reaction over the dehydration–aerial oxidation process, aiming for unexpected cyclohexanone architectures. Moreover, this operationally simple technique holds a few positive qualities: good yields with diastereoselectivities (dr ≤ 91:9), broad substrate scope, no added oxidant, excellent functional group compatibility, 100% carbon-economical, etc. Furthermore, the obtained 4-nitrobenzoate framework has been utilized for the synthesis of a range of valuable compounds such as 2-phenylcarbazole-3-carboxylate, 3-bromoaniline derivative, and 2,5-diphenylbenzoic acid, among others.
Accelerated Decomposition of Potassium Permanganate in Ferrocenium Ion as Ferrocenium-Doped Manganese(IV) Oxide for Selective Oxidation of Alcohols
Authors: Chumkaeo Peerapong , Poonsawat Thinnaphat , Yunita Isti , Temnuch Natcha , Meechai Titiya , Kumpan Nuttapong , Khamthip Achjana , Chuaitammakit Laksamee Chaicharoenwimolkul , Chairam Sanoe , Somsook Ekasith 
Published: April 2022

AbstractFerrocenium-doped manganese(IV) oxide (Fc+/MnO2) was synthesized through accelerated decomposition of KMnO4 in the presence of ferrocenium ion (Fc+) generated by concentrated sulfuric acid. The corresponding catalysts enabled highly efficient oxidation of alcohols with aldehyde or ketone.
Potassium tert-Butoxide Facilitated Amination of Carboxylic Acids with N,N-Dimethylformamide
Authors: Zhang Jing , Huang Yuanjing 
Published: April 2022

AbstractHerein a practical and efficient potassium tert-butoxide (KO
t
Bu)-facilitated amination of carboxylic acids with N,N-dimethylamine is described. In the presence of catalytic amount of KO
t
Bu, a variety of aliphatic and aromatic carboxylic acids are transformed to N,N-dimethylamides using DMF as the dimethylamine reagent with the assistance of trimethylacetic anhydride. The applicability of this protocol is demonstrated by late-stage dimethylamidation of complex drug molecules. A plausible reaction mechanism involving KO
t
Bu-facilitated in situ amine generation from formamide decomposition and anhydride-mediated condensation is proposed on the basis of mechanistic investigations.