bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“Everyone in Our Community Should be Informed About the Human Papillomavirus Vaccine”: Latinx Mothers’ Suggested Strategies to Promote the Human Papillomavirus Vaccine
Authors: Lindsay Ana Cristina , Delgado Denisse , Valdez Madelyne J. , Restrepo Emily , Granberry Phillip 
Published: January 2022

Purpose Parents play a critical decision-making role in vaccinating their children against human papillomavirus (HPV), and mothers, in particular, are key stakeholders as they are often the parent taking their children to healthcare visits. Given the importance of the HPV vaccination as a cancer prevention strategy, this study was designed to explore Latinx mothers’ suggested strategies to promote vaccine uptake among Latinx parents. Setting and Participants Community-based in Massachusetts, United States, and Latinx mothers. Design and Methods Descriptive qualitative research employing individual semi-structured interviews. Data were analyzed using a hybrid method of thematic analysis incorporating deductive and inductive approaches. Results Twenty-two, majority foreign-born (91%) Latinx mothers of adolescent girls (∼60%) and boys (∼40%) aged 11–19 years participated. Mothers suggested several strategies to promote uptake of the HPV vaccine among Latinx families including healthcare providers’ increased communication and anticipatory guidance addressing factors influencing parents’ HPV vaccination hesitancy, and improved community-wide dissemination of culturally and linguistically relevant information targeting not only parents of age-eligible participants but the broader community. Finally, mothers suggested the use of social media using personal narratives and an enhanced active role of schools in providing accurate information to raise awareness and educate adolescents and parents about the importance of HPV vaccination. Conclusion Findings are relevant to the development of tailored interventions to meet the needs of Latinx populations, and ultimately increase Latinx children’s HPV vaccination rates.
Clarifying Work Values Through Seasonal Employment: An Instrumental Case Study of Summer Camp Employment
Authors: Warner Robert P. , Sibthorp Jim , Povilaitis Victoria , Taylor Jennifer M. 
Published: January 2022

Emerging adults need opportunities to clarify their work values. Although researchers have examined how transitions and work experiences influence emerging adults’ work values and job choices, less is known about how seasonal employment shapes work values. Using the theory of work adjustment as a guide, we conducted semi-structured interviews with 20–27 year olds ( n = 76; mage = 22.03, SD = 1.82) to understand how their seasonal employment at summer camps influenced their work values. We found that seasonal camp employment aligned with and helped participants clarify their desire for dynamic work that makes a difference and that offers a supportive social environment with adequate work-life balance. Our findings suggest that seasonal employment affords emerging adults important opportunities to discover, reinforce, and prune work values in a temporary employment setting. We conclude by discussing implications for emerging adults’ career development and offer suggestions for career counselors.
Study of Weibull parameters at different loading rates for 20MnMoNi55 steel using Beremin model
Authors: Paul Swagatam , Bhattacharjee Snehasish , Acharyya Sanjib K , Sahoo Prasanta 
Published: January 2022

This work considers the influence of loading rate on the Weibull stress parameters in the Beremin model for 20MnMoNi55 RPV steel using finite element modelling of compact tension specimen. For failure analysis of cleavage fracture at component level, the Beremin model is very useful. To implement the Beremin model, the model parameters needed to be calibrated for this particular material with experimental observation. In the first portion of this study, some fracture experiments are conducted at -100°C for four different loading rates ranging from quasi-static to dynamic rates (0.625–255.8 MPa√m/s) to obtain master curves and reference temperatures. Then calibration of the Weibull stress parameters is done in a specific loading rate by linear regression analysis for different a/W ratios. For the other loading rates, Monte Carlo simulation technique along with respective master curve is used to calibrate the model parameters. Then variation of the Weibull stress parameters with loading rate is studied. This study shows that loading rate has a significant effect on the Weibull stress parameters. Reference temperatures are also determined for different a/W ratios and loading rate by calibrated Weibull stress parameters from experiments as well as Monte-Carlo simulation. Obtained reference temperatures are compared with experimental values for respective loading rates. With the increasing loading rate reference temperature, obtained from the Beremin model is found to be increased and it matches well with the experimental reference temperature values.
Antibiotics Versus Surgery in Treatment of Early Flexor Tenosynovitis
Authors: Latario Luke , Abeler Jesse , Clegg Stephanie , Thurber Laura , Igiesuorobo Oghomwen , Jones Marci 
Published: January 2022

Background: Treatment of pyogenic flexor tenosynovitis (FTS) historically involved surgical debridement supplemented with antibiotic therapy. No consensus exists on either: (1) the treatment algorithm for this infection; or (2) the clinical definition of “early” FTS. We performed a retrospective study to clarify indications for nonoperative management. Methods: We identified 40 patients with a diagnosis of FTS using Current Procedural Terminology and International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, codes and a keyword search from an electronic medical record between 2011 and 2019. Patients underwent either surgical management (SG) (n = 20) or early antibiotics only (EAG) (n = 20). The surgical group was divided into patients with intraoperative purulence within the tendon sheath (PU) and those without purulence (NP). Results: The number of Kanavel signs and duration of days of symptoms were significantly greater in SG compared with EAG. Subgroup analysis of SG showed a greater number of days of symptoms in the NP group when compared with the PU group. No statistical significance was found with respect to age, smoking, or specific individual Kanavel signs between SG and EAG. Conclusions: Both duration of symptoms and number of Kanavel signs should be considered in suspected early FTS. Patients with shorter duration of symptoms and fewer Kanavel signs were treated successfully with antibiotics alone. Operatively confirmed FTS presented more acutely with fewer days of symptoms and a higher number of Kanavel signs. Patients with subacute presentations may represent inflammatory conditions and hand infections other than FTS.
VTE prophylaxis in pregnant people with chronic physical disability: Data from a physicians survey and the need for guidance
Authors: Kazi Sajida , McLeod Anne , Berndl Anne 
Published: January 2022

Background International guidelines recommend risk assessment during the antepartum and postpartum period to inform VTE prophylaxis. We aimed to evaluate physicians’ approach to VTE prophylaxis of women with chronic physical disability (CPD) during pregnancy. Methods A cross-sectional study consisting of a self-administered electronic questionnaire was sent to specialists across Canada. Results Seventy-three participants responded to the survey, and 55 (75.3%) completed the survey including 33 (60%) Maternal Fetal Medicine (MFM) specialists and 22 (40%) Internal Medicine (IM) specialists including physicians with an interest in Obstetric Medicine. Our study shows considerable variation in VTE thromboprophylaxis during pregnancy with CPD. Most respondents favoured antepartum (67.3%) and postpartum (65.5%) VTE prophylaxis for pregnancies within a year of spinal cord injury. Conclusions In order to better manage this complex population, CPD should be considered as a risk factor for development of VTE.
Mechanical thrombectomy in stroke patients with acute occlusion of the M1- compared to the M2-segment: Safety, efficacy, and clinical outcome
Authors: Weiss Daniel , Rubbert Christian , Ivan Vivien L , Lee John-Ih , Gliem Michael , Jander Sebastian , Caspers Julian , Turowski Bernd , G Kaschner Marius 
Published: January 2022

Purpose Endovascular treatment (ET) in occlusions of the M1- and proximal M2-segment of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) is an established procedure. In contrast, ET in distal M2-occlusions has not been sufficiently evaluated yet. The purpose of this study was to assess relevant parameters for clinical outcome, efficacy, and safety of patients undergoing ET in M1-, proximal M2-, and distal M2-occlusions. Methods One hundred seventy-four patients undergoing ET in acute ischemic stroke with an occlusion of the M1- or M2-segment of the MCA were enrolled prospectively. Non-parametric analysis of variance in 3-month mRS, TICI scale, and complication rates were performed with Kruskal–Wallis test between M1- and proximal and distal M2-occlusions. Subsequent pairwise group comparisons were calculated using Mann–Whitney U-tests. Binary logistic regression models were calculated for each occlusion site. Results There were no significant group differences in 3-month mRS, mTICI scale, or complication rates between M1- and M2-occlusions nor between proximal and distal M2-occlusions. Binary logistic regression in patients with M1-occlusions showed a substantial explanation of variance (NR2=0.35). NIHSS ( p=0.009) and Maas Score as parameter for collateralization ( p=0.01) appeared as significant contributing parameters. Binary logistic regression in M2-occlusions showed a high explanation of variance (NR2=0.50) of mRS but no significant factors. Conclusions Clinical outcome and procedural safety of patients with M2-occlusions undergoing ET are comparable to those of patients with M1-occlusions. Clinical outcome of patients with M1-occlusions undergoing ET is primarily influenced by the initial neurological deficit and the collateralization of the occlusions. By contrast, clinical outcome in patients with M2-occlusions undergoing ET is more multifactorial.
The application of artificial intelligence and custom algorithms with inertial wearable devices for gait analysis and detection of gait-altering pathologies in adults: A scoping review of literature
Authors: Lim Ashley Cha Yin , Natarajan Pragadesh , Fonseka R Dineth , Maharaj Monish , Mobbs Ralph J 
Published: January 2022

Background The purpose of this scoping review was to explore the current applications of objective gait analysis using inertial measurement units, custom algorithms and artificial intelligence algorithms in detecting neurological and musculoskeletal gait altering pathologies from healthy gait patterns. Methods Literature searches were conducted of four electronic databases (Medline, PubMed, Embase and Web of Science) to identify studies that assessed the accuracy of these custom gait analysis models with inputs derived from wearable devices. Data was collected according to the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis statement guidelines. Results A total of 23 eligible studies were identified for inclusion in the present review, including 10 custom algorithms articles and 13 artificial intelligence algorithms articles. Nine studies evaluated patients with Parkinson’s disease of varying severity and subtypes. Support vector machine was the commonest adopted artificial intelligence algorithm model, followed by random forest and neural networks. Overall classification accuracy was promising for articles that use artificial intelligence algorithms, with nine articles achieving more than 90% accuracy. Conclusions Current applications of artificial intelligence algorithms are reasonably effective discrimination between pathological and non-pathological gait. Of these, machine learning algorithms demonstrate the additional capacity to handle complicated data input, when compared to other custom algorithms. Notably, there has been increasing application of machine learning algorithms for conducting gait analysis. More studies are needed with unsupervised methods and in non-clinical settings to better reflect the community and home-based usage.
A Multi-step Approach to Adapting a Mind-Body Resiliency Intervention for Fear of Cancer Recurrence and Uncertainty in Survivorship (IN FOCUS)
Authors: Hall Daniel L. , Yeh Gloria Y. , O'Cleirigh Conall , Peppercorn Jeffrey , Wagner Lynne I. , Denninger John , Bullock Andrea J. , Mizrach Helen R. , Goshe Brett , Cheung Tina , Li Raissa , Markowitz Alexandros , Park Elyse R. 
Published: January 2022

Background For cancer survivors, there is a paucity of fear of recurrence (FOR) interventions that integrate empirically supported mind-body and psychological skills for managing FOR and are delivered in scalable formats. Objective To adapt an evidence-based resiliency intervention to address FOR among cancer survivors. Methods A multidisciplinary team of researchers, clinicians, and patient stakeholders followed an iterative intervention adaptation process (ORBIT). In Step 1, we sought to define key FOR management skills through a literature review and feedback from stakeholders. In Step 2, we integrated findings into a treatment manual and refined procedures for in-person delivery to groups of cancer survivors, defined as adults who had completed primary cancer treatment for non-metastatic cancer. In Step 3, we conducted a single arm trial to assess initial acceptability and change in FOR severity with 23 cancer survivors (N=4 intervention groups). In Step 4, we conducted additional qualitative interviews with 28 cancer survivors (N=6 focus groups stratified by FOR severity, N=15 individual interviews) to define adaptive and maladaptive strategies for coping with FOR and to identify preferences for delivery. In Step 5, we refined the treatment manual and procedures for testing in a future pilot randomized feasibility trial. Results We identified critical feedback using a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods. The single arm trial suggested preliminary feasibility and sustained reductions in FOR severity, yet need for refinement (i.e., eligibility, delivery modality), prompting additional qualitative interviews for further targeting. The resulting intervention (IN FOCUS) is comprised of virtual, synchronous, group-delivered sessions that offer an integrated approach to FOR management by teaching cognitive-behavioral techniques, meditation, relaxation training, adaptive health behaviors, and positive psychology skills. Sessions are targeted by applying skills to FOR and associated healthcare engagement. Conclusions IN FOCUS is a targeted intervention for teaching mind-body resiliency skills to groups of cancer survivors with elevated FOR. Next steps are testing feasibility in a pilot randomized trial.
How Are Patients Reviewing Spine Surgeons Online? A Sentiment Analysis of Physician Review Website Written Comments
Authors: Tang Justin E. , Arvind Varun , Dominy Calista , White Christopher A. , Cho Samuel K. , Kim Jun S. 
Published: January 2022

Study Design A Sentiment Analysis of online reviews of spine surgeons. Objectives Physician review websites have significant impact on a patient’s provider selection. Written reviews are subjective, but sentiment analysis through machine learning can quantitatively analyze these reviews. This study analyzes online written reviews of spine surgeons and reports biases associated with demographic factors and trends in words utilized. Methods Online written and star-reviews of spine surgeons were obtained from healthgrades.com . A sentiment analysis package was used to analyze the written reviews. The relationship of demographic variables to these scores was analyzed with t-tests and word and bigram frequency analyses were performed. Additionally, a multiple regression analysis was performed on key terms. Results 8357 reviews of 480 surgeons were analyzed. There was a significant difference between the means of sentiment analysis scores and star scores for both gender and age. Younger, male surgeons were rated more highly on average ( P < .01). Word frequency analysis indicated that behavioral factors and pain were the main contributing factors to both the best and worst reviewed surgeons. Additionally, several clinically relevant words, when included in a review, affected the odds of a positive review. Conclusions The best reviews laud surgeons for their ability to manage pain and for exhibiting positive bedside manner. However, the worst reviews primarily focus on pain and its management, as exhibited by the frequency and multivariate analysis. Pain is a clear contributing factor to reviews, thus emphasizing the importance of establishing proper pain expectations prior to any intervention.
Noninvasive systemic biomarkers of e-cigarette or vaping use-associated lung injury: a pilot study
Authors: Podguski Stephanie , Kaur Gagandeep , Muthumalage Thivanka , McGraw Matthew D. , Rahman Irfan 
Published: January 2022

BackgroundElectronic cigarette (e-cigarette) vaping, containing nicotine and/or Δ8, Δ9or Δ10or Δotetrahydrocannabinol (Δn-THC), is associated with an outbreak of e-cigarette, or vaping, product use-associated lung injury (EVALI). Despite thousands being hospitalised with EVALI, much remains unknown about diagnosis, treatment and disease pathogenesis. Biomarkers of inflammation, oxidative stress and lipid mediators may help identify e-cigarette users with EVALI.MethodsWe collected plasma and urine along with demographic and vaping-related data of EVALI subjects (age 18–35 years) and non-users matched for sex and age in a pilot study. Biomarkers were assessed by ELISA/EIA and Luminex-based assays.ResultsElevated levels of THC metabolite (11-nor-9-carboxy-Δ9-THC) were found in plasma from EVALI subjects compared to non-users. Levels of 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), an oxidative DNA damage biomarker, and 8-isoprostane, an oxidative stress marker, were slightly increased in urine samples from EVALI subjects compared to non-users. Conversely, plasma levels of lipid mediators, including resolvin D1(RvD1) and prostaglandin E2(PGE2), were significantly lower in EVALI subjects compared to non-users. Both pro-inflammatory biomarkers, such as tumour necrosis factor-α, macrophage inflammatory protein-1β, RANTES (regulated on activation, normal T-cell expressed and secreted) and granulocyte–macrophage colony-stimulating factor, as well as anti-inflammatory biomarkers, such as interleukin-9 and CC10/16, were decreased in plasma from EVALI subjects compared to non-users, supportive of a possible dysregulated inflammatory response in EVALI subjects.ConclusionsSignificant elevations in urine and plasma biomarkers of oxidative stress, as well as reductions in lipid mediators, were shown in EVALI subjects. These noninvasive biomarkers (8-OHdG, 8-isoprostane, RvD1and CC10/16), either individually or collectively, may serve as tools in diagnosing future EVALI subjects.
Identification of Metabolomic Biomarkers of Seed Vigor and Aging in Hybrid Rice
Authors: Chen Bing-Xian , Fu Hua , Gao Jia-Dong , Zhang Yi-Xin , Huang Wen-Jie , Chen Zhong-Jian , Qi-Zhang  , Yan Shi-Juan , Liu Jun 
Published: January 2022

AbstractSeed deterioration during rice seed storage can lead to seed vigor loss, which adversely affects agricultural production, the long-term preservation of germplasm resources, and the conservation of species diversity. However, the mechanisms underlying seed vigor maintenance remain largely unknown. In this study, 16 hybrid rice combinations were created using four sterile lines and four restorer lines that have been widely planted in southern China. Following artificial aging and natural aging treatments, germination percentage and metabolomics analysis by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry was used to identify the metabolite markers that could accurately reflect the degree of aging of the hybrid rice seeds. Significant differences in the degree of seed deterioration were observed among the 16 hybrid rice combinations tested, with each hybrid combination having a different germination percentage after storage. The hybrid rice combination with the storage-resistant restorer line Guanghui122 exhibited the highest germination percentage under both natural and artificial storage. A total of 89 metabolic peaks and 56 metabolites were identified, most of which were related to primary metabolism. Interestingly, the content of galactose, gluconic acid, fructose and glycerol in the seeds increased significantly during the aging process. Absolute quantification indicated that galactose and gluconic acid were highly significantly negatively correlated with the germination percentage of the seeds under the different aging treatments. The galactose content was significantly positively correlated with gluconic acid content. Additionally, glycerol showed a significant negative correlation with the germination percentage in most hybrid combinations. Based on the metabolomics analysis, metabolite markers that could accurately reflect the aging degree of hybrid rice seeds were identified. Galactose and gluconic acid were highly significantly negatively correlated with the germination percentage of the seeds, which suggested that these metabolites could constitute potential metabolic markers of seed vigor and aging. These findings are of great significance for the rapid and accurate evaluation of seed aging degree, the determination of seed quality, and the development of molecular breeding approaches for high-vigor rice seeds.