bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ASSESSING THE ADOPTION OF CROSS LAMINATED TIMBER BY ARCHITECTS AND STRUCTURAL ENGINEERS WITHIN THE UNITED STATES
Authors: Penfield Patrick , Germain Rene’ , Smith William B. , Stehman Stephen V. 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT
Cross Laminated Timber (CLT) is an engineered wood product for the construction industry offering multiple structural, environmental and supply chain benefits. CLT can be used for an entire building, as both the lateral and vertical load resisting system, or for select elements such as the roof, floors or walls. CLT products were developed in the early 1990’s and have been widely adopted throughout Europe, and more recently, in Canada. However, use of CLT products is still relatively rare in the US. We present the results of a nationwide phone survey in the US conducted with architects and structural engineers to gauge their awareness, rate of adoption and assimilation of CLT products. Although adoption of CLT amongst architects and structural engineers is still at a nascent level within the construction sector, awareness is high, with 100% of our sample respondents cognizant of CLT. Architects and structural engineers perceive relative advantages of using CLT as well as compatibility with traditional construction. However, the adoption process is impeded by issues associated with complexity, trialability and observability. Key barriers to adoption of CLT as perceived by these two stakeholders are lack of experience from construction stakeholders, lack of training and tools for construction management stakeholders, lack of client requests and CLT inventory.
EVALUATION OF DAYLIGHT PROVISION AND DAYLIGHT GLARE PROBABILITY FOR DIVERSE WORKSPACE CONFIGURATIONS
Authors: Yılmaz Feride Şener 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACTS
Office environments can be integrated with particular workspace configurations owing to diverse tasks encountered in these workspaces. This study attempts to discern how effective different office workstation configurations are on daylight performance and tries to quantify this effect by means of a dynamic daylight simulation based approach, depending on the criteria addressed in EN 17037:2018 Standard. The purpose of this study is to explore the impact of workstation configurations on daylight provision and glare protection in workspaces through several configuration setups. In this study, climate based daylight metrics are used for daylight performance determination and assessment of discomfort glare caused by daylighting is performed by Daylight Glare Probability (DGP) index. This study aims to contribute to the growing body of research in the scope of EN 17037:2018 for daylighting in office environments and the obtained results represent the significance of daylighting and visual comfort conditions for diverse workstation configurations.
Effect of adding midazolam to intrathecal bupivacaine in children undergoing lower abdominal surgeries: A randomised controlled trial
Authors: Shama Ahmed A. , Ng Ka Ting , Shahen Moustafa M. , Abosamak Mohammed F. 
Published: March 2022

Background and Aims:
Avoidance of general anaesthesia for short-duration surgeries is a prerequisite, especially for children. Spinal anaesthesia is established as an appropriate anaesthetic procedure for this target. Midazolam has been proven to be safe for children as premedication. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of adding midazolam to intrathecal bupivacaine on intraoperative quality, duration of spinal anaesthesia and postoperative (PO) analgesia for children undergoing lower abdominal surgeries.

Methods:
A prospective, comparative interventional study included 120 paediatric patients who were randomly divided into two groups that received intrathecal bupivacaine plus normal saline (B/S) or intrathecal bupivacaine plus midazolam (B/M). The efficacy of PO analgesia was assessed using the observational pain–discomfort scale (OPS). Duration of PO analgesia was measured, and recovery of motor block was assessed every 30 min till the Bromage scale reached 0. The level of PO sedation was assessed using the modified Wilson Sedation Score (WSS). Results were analysed using the one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test, Mann–Whitney test and Chi-square test.

Results:
Onset of sensory and motor blocks was significantly faster, and the frequency of patients having Bromage score of 3 within ≤10 min was significantly higher in group B/M than group B/S. Durations till sensory and motor recovery were significantly longer, the number of requests for PO analgesia was significantly lower and the mean of WSS was significantly higher at 30 and 120 min in group B/M than group B/S.

Conclusion:
Intrathecal bupivacaine–midazolam combination significantly prolonged the duration of spinal anaesthesia and provided prolonged PO analgesia.
Evaluation of Four Biomarkers in Patients Chronically Infected with Trypanosoma cruzi and Their Relationship with Disease Progression
Authors: de Oliveira Dayse Elisabeth Campos , do Nascimento Tavares Suelene Brito , de Oliveira Enio Chaves , Luquetti Alejandro O. 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT.
This study evaluated four biomarkers of inflammation or fibrosis as progression indicators for heart disease in patients with Chagas disease. We compared values of these markers at the time of the first sample collection of blood (first time point) and at the time of the last collection of blood (second time point) for 103 individuals positive for Trypanosoma cruzi antibodies. They were split into two clinical groups: 52 individuals with the indeterminate form of the disease at the first time point and 51 controls that already had either cardiac involvement (N = 25) or megaviscera (megaesophagus and/or megacolon; N = 26) at that time. All individuals had an electrocardiogram performed both at the first and second time point (mean time between time points: 11 years). All samples were blind tested for galectin-3, brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), lysyl oxidase-like protein 2 (LOXL2), and troponin. Differences in concentrations between samples were analyzed using the months between samples as the covariate. This analysis showed that values for all markers, except troponin biomarker had a significative increase at the second time point for the 91 patients without progression. A similar result was obtained for NT-proBNP and LOXL2 with sera from 12 patients that progressed with cardiac disease. The single marker that showed a significative difference between groups (P = 0.01) was galectin-3. We concluded that galectin-3 was the only marker with a prognostic value in relation to the progression or worsening of heart disease in patients with Chagas disease.
Catalytic hydrogenation of cardanol derived bifunctional monomers for polymerization with diesters
Authors: Mgaya James E. 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT. Cardanol extracted from cashew nut shell liquid (agro-waste) was used to synthesize a bifunctional monomer; methyl 16-(3-hydroxyphenyl)hexadecanoate using DTBPMB modified palladium catalyst. Hydrogenation of this monomer using a Ru(acac)3/triphos/MSA catalytic system in aqueous dioxane and ammonia solution gave 3-(16-hydroxyhexadecyl)phenol (75% yield) and 3-(16-aminohexadecyl)phenol (37% yield) respectively. Polymerization of 3-(16-aminohexadecyl)phenol and 3-(16-hydroxyhexadecyl)phenol with dimethyl nonadecanedioate (a di-ester obtained from methoxycarbonylation of methyl oleate) resulted into oligomers consisting of up to nine condensed monomer units (in the volatile fraction) as was revealed by MALDI-TOF MS.

KEY WORDS: Cardanol, Bifunctional monomers, Catalytic hydrogenation, Polymerization

Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2022, 36(1), 173-186.
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v36i1.14
Optimization in Business Trade by Using Fuzzy Incidence Graphs
Authors: Rehman Fahad Ur , Rashid Tabasam , Hussain Muhammad Tanveer 
Published: March 2022

In classical graph theory, set of vertices in which every edge is incident to at least one of the vertex is called a vertex covering set and the problems of vertex covering (V C) are known as V C problems. The classical graphs do not reflflect the impact of vertex on the edge and such impact is reflflected in fuzzy incidence graphs (F IGs). We used optimization technique in a trade using clique covering (CC) in fuzzy incidence graphs (F IGs). This article includes, some basic defifinitions such as strength of clique(SC), strength of path (SP), strength of minimum clique (SMC), acceptable strength of path (ASP) and clique (ASC), robust number (RN), minimum covering number of the clique (MCNC), close measure CM, some examples and theorems in F IGs, new strategy of optimization to characterize and solve facility points problems by adopting the CC application of F IGs for a business alliance to get maximum total achievement by reducing the transportation cost. This procedure will be helpful to develop sustainable economic developmental goal of the world. Some already existing theorems in fuzzy graphs (F Gs) are also checked in F IGs. A mathematical model is defifined and a real life problem from a trade is solved keeping the fuzziness of the objects related to fuzzy incidence graph.

Received: 22 February 2022 | Revised: 14 March 2022 | Accepted: 24 March 2022

Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work.
COMPARISON OF THE CONSEQUENCE OF RUBBER BAND LIGATION VERSUS MILLIGAN MORGAN HEMORRHOIDECTOMY IN 3RD DEGREE HEMORRHOIDS
Authors: Ahsan Nasim  , Shafaq Ibrahim  , Naila Jabbar  
Published: March 2022

Background: Treatment possibilities vary according to patient’s presenting complaints and stage of disease and range from topical applications and dietary modifications to office procedures like rubber band ligation and sclerotherapy to surgical management like hemorrhoidectomy and stapled anopexy. Among these procedures, rubber band ligation (RBL) and hemorrhoidectomy are the most frequently performed.
Objectives: To compare the outcome (in terms of post-operative pain and bleeding)of rubber band ligation versus Milligan Morgan hemorrhoidectomy in 3rd degree hemorrhoids.
Materials & Methods: Total 86 patients with 3rd degree hemorrhoids, 25-60 years of age of both genders were selected. Group A included the cases in which rubber band ligation was done while group B included the cases where Milligan Morgan hemorrhoidectomy was done. All the patients were assessed up to 72 hours for outcome (bleeding and post -operative pain).
Results: The mean age in group A was 38.58 ± 7.57 years and in group B was 38.21 ± 7.33 years. Out of 86 patients, 59 (68.60%) were males and 27 (31.40%) were females with ratio of 2.2:1. Patients with post-operative pain in Group A were 04 (9.30%) and in group B were 32 (74.42%) after hemorrhoidectomy (p-value = 0.0001). Post-operative bleeding was seen in 02 (4.65%) after rubber band ligation and in 12 (27.91%) after hemorrhoidectomy (p-value = 0.003).
Conclusion: This study concluded that the post-operative pain and bleeding is less after rubber band ligation in 3rd degree hemorrhoids as compared to Milligan Morgan hemorrhoidectomy.
Development and evolution of an anomalous Asian dust event across Europe in March 2020
Authors: Tositti Laura , Brattich Erika , Cassardo Claudio , Morozzi Pietro , Bracci Alessandro , Marinoni Angela , Di Sabatino Silvana , Porcù Federico , Zappi Alessandro 
Published: March 2022

Abstract. This paper concerns an in-depth analysis of an
exceptional incursion of mineral dust over southern Europe in late March
2020 (27–30 March 2020). This event was associated with an anomalous
circulation pattern leading to several days of PM10 (particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than 10 µm) exceedances in
connection with a dust source located in central Asia; this is a rare source of dust for Europe, which is more frequently affected by dust outbreaks from the Sahara
Desert. The synoptic meteorological configuration was analyzed in detail,
and the aerosol evolution during the transit of the dust plume over northern
Italy was assessed at high time resolution by means of optical particle
counting at three stations, namely Bologna, Trieste, and Mt. Cimone,
allowing for the revelation of the transport timing among the three locations.
Back-trajectory analyses supported by Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS) maps allowed for the location of the mineral dust source area in the Aralkum region. Therefore, the event was analyzed by observing the particle number size distribution with the support of chemical composition analysis. It is shown that the PM10 exceedance recorded is associated with a large fraction of coarse particles, which is in agreement with mineral dust properties. Both the in situ number size distribution and the vertical distribution of the dust plume were cross-checked using lidar ceilometer and aerosol optical depth (AOD) data from two nearby stations and showed that the dust plume (in contrast to those originating from the Sahara Desert) traveled close to the ground (up to a height of about 2 km). The limited mixing layer height caused by high concentrations of absorbing and scattering aerosols caused the mixing of mineral dust with other locally produced ambient aerosols, thereby potentially increasing its
morbidity effects.
Professional Women and Elder Care in Contemporary Japan: Anxiety and the Move Toward Technocare
Authors: Aronsson Anne 
Published: March 2022

The elder population in Japan is increasing drastically, causing a number of issues that have not yet surfaced in most Western countries. Demographic data from Japan reveal that the Japanese have the longest lifespan globally, resulting in the world’s highest population of older adults. Concurrently, the country has a rapidly declining birth rate. As the population ages, the workforce is shrinking and leaving a high number of elders with fewer caregivers to meet their needs. At present, the Japanese government is developing robotic care solutions to overcome the elder care labor shortage and implementing a new agenda to introduce social robots into the field. This article discusses professional women in Japan and their burden of caring for aging relatives and how introducing robotic care devices might reduce current anxieties regarding the provision of elder care. It analyzes the elder care strategies of 12 white-collar professional women in their forties and fifties and examines the extent to which gendered, expected at-home caregiving affects their professional commitments and associated anxieties. The findings below provide crucial insight into the most effective strategies that can be used by Japanese women to balance their careers with responsibilities to care for older relatives, particularly when it is impossible to predict the intensity of caregiving in the future.
PENGELOLAAN RUANG PUBLIK (STUDI KASUS PEMBANGUNAN ALUN-ALUN LAMONGAN)
Authors: Rohmah Eva Nur Laily 
Published: March 2022

Abstrak: Ruang publik merupakan salah satu komponen penting dalam tata ruang kota. Setiap kota yang ada di Indonesia dituntut untuk menyediakan ruang publik sebebsar 20 % dan hal tersebut telah dituangkan dalam perundang-undangan yang ada di Indonesia. Keberadaan ruang publik sendiri selalu menjadi agenda pembahasan yang serius bagi pemerintah pusat maupun daerah, hal tersebut dikarenakan ruang publik selalu menjadi incaran seluruh elemen masyarakat. Pembangunan Alun-Alun ini memang secara umum dilakukan untuk mewujudkan Lamongan sebagai kota ramah lingkungan. Dalam artikel ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif. Alun-Alun harus memiliki peran yang dapat mewadahi kebutuhan masyarakat akan semua akan fungsi ruang terbuka publik. Bukan hanya fokus pada satu fungsi yang berjalan. Jika dilihat dari fungsi alun-alun sebagai ruang terbuka publik, maka-maka alun-alun harusnya memiliki fungsi sosial dan fungsi ekologi. Sebagi wujud terpenuhinya syarat terciptanya ruang publik yang sesuai strandart pembangunan Nasional, pemerintah Lamongan telah berupayah membangun ruang terbuka yang pro publik.
Kata Kunci: Ruang Publik, Tata Ruang

Abstract: Public space is one of the important components in urban spatial planning. Every city in Indonesia is required to provide 20% public space and this has been stated in the existing legislation in Indonesia. The existence of public space itself has always been a serious discussion agenda for the central and regional governments, this is because public space has always been the target of all elements of society. The development of this square is generally carried out to realize Lamongan as an environmentally friendly city. This article uses descriptive research methods. The square must have a role that can accommodate the needs of the community for all the functions of public open spaces. Don't just focus on one running function. If viewed from the function of the square as a public open space, then the square should have a social function and an ecological function. As a manifestation of the fulfillment of the requirements for the creation of public spaces in accordance with the national development standards, the Lamongan government has made efforts to build open spaces that are pro-public.
Keywords: Public Space, Spatial
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN DISCOVERI LEARNING PADA MATERI TEKS ANEKDOT KELAS X SMK N JATIROGO
Authors: Faizah Nurul 
Published: March 2022

Pembelajaran yang menemukan konsep melalui serangkaian data atau informasi yang diperoleh melalui pengamatan atau percobaan. discovery lerning digunakan untuk membangun konsep dibawah pengawasan guru dimana pembelajaran tersebut merupakan pembelajaran kognitif yang menuntut guru untuk lebih kreatif menciptakan situasi yang dapat membuat peserta didik belajar aktif menemukan pengetahuan sendiri. Satuan pendidikan SMK dipilih untuk menjadi obyek penelitian dikarenakan peserta didik memperoleh mata pelajaran bahasa indonesia kompetensi dasar memahami teks anekdot. Strategi yang dilakukan guru untuk meningkatkan efektivitas dan keaktifan belajar peserta didik yaitu dengan cara memanfaatkan model pembelajaran discovery learning.
UPAYA MENINGKATAN PRESTASI BELAJAR DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN PENDEKATAN KONSTRUKTIVISME PADA MATA PELAJARAN PPKN
Authors: Kandar Kandar 
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian tindakan (action research) sebanyak dua siklus. Setiap siklus terdiri dari empat tahap yaitu: rancangan, kegiatan dan pengamatan, refleksi, dan refisi. Sasaran penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas IV SDN Kadungrembuk Sukodadi. Data yang diperoleh berupa interview, hasil tes formatif, lembar observasi kegiatan belajar mengajar. Dari hasil analis didapatkan bahwa prestasi belajar siswa mengalami peningkatan dari siklus I sampai siklus II yaitu, siklus I (41%), siklus II (100%). Simpulan dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa pendekatan konstruktivisme dapat berpengaruh positif terhadap prestasi belajar Siswa kelas IV SDN Kadungrembuk Sukodadi, serta pendekatan pembelajaran ini dapat digunakan sebagai salah satu alternativ pembelajaran PPKn.
HEGEMONI GRAMSCI DALAM NOVEL SURAT CINTA DARI BIDADARI SURGA KARYA AGUK IRAWAN
Authors: Sa'adah Lilis , Mustofa Musofa , Sukowati Ida 
Published: March 2022

Berdasarkan analisis kualitatif deskriptif yang telah dilakukan, disusun simpulan sebagai berikut; Bentuk hegemoni yang terdapat dalam novel Surat Cinta dari Bidadari Surga karya Aguk Irawan yakni hegemoni total dan hegemoni merosot. Kedua bentuk hegemoni tersebut dapat diketahui dari uraian subbab-subbab berikut; penderitaan, hujatan dan kekerasan yang dialami para tokoh. Untuk data selengkapnya mengenai bentuk hegemoni dimuat di lampiran satu tabel data hegemoni. Jenis hegemoni menurut Gramsci terdiri atas dua yaitu, hegemoni yang disadari (kekerasan), dan hegemoni yang tidak disadari (persuasi) selain itu, merujuk dalam buku Hegemoni Budaya Priyayi dan Nilai-nilai Pendidikan Karakter dalam Novel Indonesia karangan Dr. Wijaya Heru Santosa. Jenis hegemoni, yaitu: hegemoni pendidikan, hegemoni ekonomi, hegemoni soial budaya, hegemoni kekerasan. Ruang lingkup hegemoni terjadi dalam kehidupan Latifah yang kemudian meluas dalam kehidupan tokoh-tokoh tambahan lainya. Penyebab awal adalah diri Latifah yang terhegemoni penderitaan, cacian dan kekerasan hidup. Dampak hegemoni dalam novel Surat Cinta dari Bidadari Surga karya Aguk Irawan yang paling menonjol terjadi yaitu hegemoni yang dialami Latifah, hegemoni ekonomi dan kekerasan. Hegemoni yang selalu didapatkan Latifah dari orang-orang disekitarnya. Sehingga berdampak pada penderitaan, pendidikan, kekerasan atau penganiyaan, bahkan Latifah merasa dikucilkan oleh para tetangga, para pemuda dan juga orang tua Hamzah. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menumbuhkan minat baca sastra yang lebih tinggi, dan mendapat pengetahuan lebih dalam mengenai kehidupan sosial dengan masyarakat sekitar.
Pendidikan Islam dalam Konteks Politik Daerah
Authors: Ulumuddin Ihya` 
Published: March 2022

Education and politics are very difficult to separate, and it is impossible to separate knowledge from leaving power, and vice versa, it is impossible for power to run without knowledge. Power works in the process of forming knowledge which is a form of culture.
It is impossible for education to run well in accordance with the ideal concept by totally releasing power without interference from power, especially since the capacity of educators is very limited so that they are unable to properly regulate students comprehensively and effectively.
Religious education in the process is unlikely to be separated from the socio-political problems that surround it, including in the application of the development of Islamic religious education itself. So Government regulation regarding the existence of local content is one form. As a persuasive political measure, these regulations are increasingly accepted by the community because they are relevant to the socio-cultural conditions of the local community. Therefore, strengthening the power of local authorities or district governments can also be effective. However, the theory of hegemony and power applied by the Government, in order to improve religious education, turns out to be some people who reject it. This proves that, not all knots of strength in a religious society can be hegemonized by the authorities, meaning that the socio-culture of society with religious and religious characteristics does not fully respond positively to the policies of the authorities.