bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
P141 Periodic breathing in preterm infants before and after hospital discharge
Authors: Yee A , Siriwardhana L , Nixon G , Walter L , Wong F , Horne R 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Introduction
Preterm infants have immature respiratory control that can manifest as periodic breathing (PB). We aimed to investigate the relationship between time spent in PB before and after hospital discharge.

Methods
Preterm infants born between 28-32 weeks gestational age were studied during daytime sleep in the supine position for 2-4 hours at 32-36 weeks post menstrual age (PMA) (N=40), 36-40 weeks PMA (N=27), 3 months (N=20) and 6 months (N=26) corrected age (CA). The amount of PB was determined as percentage of total sleep time (TST) spent in PB (%TSTPB). Infants were grouped into below and above the median (8.5%TSTPB) at 32-36 weeks and compared to 36-40 weeks, 3 and 6 months with Mann-Whitney U tests.

Results
%TSTPB was not different between 32-36 weeks PMA (median 8.5%; IQR 1.5, 15.0) and at 36-40 weeks PMA (6.6% (0.9, 15.1), and then decreased at 3 (0.4%; 0.0, 2.0) and 6 months CA (0%; 0.0, 1.1). Infants who were above the median %TSTPB at 32-36 weeks PMA spent more time in PB at 36-40 weeks PMA [18.05% (7.7, 23.9) vs 2.1% (0.6, 6.4)] and 6 months CA [0.9% (0.0, 3.3) vs 0.0% (0.0, 0.0)].

Conclusions
Percentage sleep time spent in PB did not decrease as preterm infants approached term CA, when they were ready to be discharged home. Preterm infants who had higher amounts of PB at 32-36 weeks PMA continued to have higher amounts of PB at term CA and their PB persisted up to 6 months CA.
P142 The interplay of digital work, working from home, and work-family conflict on insomnia among university employees: A moderated mediation approach
Authors: Yusman N 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has led to an increment in working from home (WFH) arrangements, causing a greater reliance on digital devices. However, excessive work-related digital use while at home may lead to greater work-family conflict (WFC), with negative consequences for sleep. Little is known about the impact of digital workload on sleep disturbances, specifically insomnia. This study aimed to investigate the interplay between digital work, WFH, and WFC on insomnia symptoms. This study used a moderated mediation model to explore the relationship between digital work demands and insomnia symptoms, mediated by WFC, and moderated by work resources and WFH. The relationships were explored using a sample of Australian university employees (N = 1932; 538 men, 1394 women; 18 to 81 years old) who completed a survey assessing their digital workload, availability of work resources, home-work life, and sleep. The model was split to compare men and women, and academic and professional staff members. A regression analysis showed that digital work demands predicted insomnia symptoms. Moderated mediation analyses revealed that WFC mediated the association between digital demands and insomnia for both men and women. In contrast, WFC did not mediate the relationship for academic and professional staff members. Both WFH and work resources did not significantly moderate the link between digital demands and insomnia. Overall findings showed that university employees reported greater insomnia symptoms when experiencing greater WFC. Findings suggest that creating boundaries around work-related digital use while at home may alleviate risk of developing sleep disturbances and improve sleep.
A cross-sectional survey of German PA employment and workforce entry
Authors: Heistermann Peter , Günther Hans-Joachim , Heilmann Claudia , Meyer-Treschan Tanja , Sesselmann Stefan , Schneke Andre , Mihatsch Lorenz , Lang Tamika , Mihatsch Walter 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT

Objective:
The contribution of physician assistants (PAs) to the German healthcare workforce has increased significantly since their introduction in 2005. From five training programs, the number has increased to the current 18, with 560 PAs awarded the PA bachelor of science degree as of 2020. Despite the growth, researchers lack systemic and reliable empirical data that provide insight into the German PA educational and professional profile. The German University Association Physician Assistant (DHPA) undertook the first nationwide cross-sectional survey on PAs in Germany to understand the German PA movement. This survey aimed to describe German PAs' entry into the profession and PA educational and job satisfaction.

Methods:
PA alumni of all universities affiliated with the DHPA and all subscribers of the Facebook online social media platform PA Blog were invited to complete an online questionnaire.

Results:
Of the 282 PAs who completed the survey, 77% were female and under age 25 years. Almost all (94%) were employed, predominantly as PAs (91%, 241 of 265), although some held other positions. Most worked full time (87%), with some citing child-care needs as reasons for part-time employment (n = 21). Few reported unemployment (1.4%, 4 of 282). Eighty-two percent said they would probably or very likely choose the same course of study again. Most employed participants found the inclusion of frequent rotations between didactic and clinical training in PA programs beneficial. However, a small number of participants (26.8%) agreed that German PA programs' didactic and clinical teaching objectives were well aligned.

Conclusions:
German PAs have a high level of satisfaction with their profession and report low unemployment. Improvement in the alignment of didactic and clinical educational objectives to improve academic qualifications and satisfaction emerged as an area of research.
The impact of omics research on our understanding of osteoarthritis and future treatments
Authors: Beier Frank 
Published: November 2022

Purpose of review
To review recent studies using ‘Omics’ approaches (genomics, proteomics, metabolomics, single cell analyses) in patient populations and animal models of osteoarthritis (OA), with the goal of identifying disease-modifying mechanisms that could serve as therapeutic and diagnostic targets.

Recent findings
The number of genes, pathways and molecules with potential roles in OA pathogenesis has grown substantially over the last 18 months. Studies have expanded from their traditional focus on cartilage and gene expression to other joint tissues, proteins and metabolites. Single cell approaches provide unprecedented resolution and exciting insights into the heterogeneity of cellular activities in OA. Functional validation and investigation of underlying mechanisms in animal models of OA, in particular genetically engineered mice, link Omics findings to pathophysiology and potential therapeutic applications.

Summary
Although great progress has been made in the use of Omics approaches to OA, in both animal models and patient samples, much work remains to be done. In addition to filling gaps in data sets not yet existing, integration of data from the various approaches, mechanistic investigations, and linkage of Omics data to patient stratification remain significant challenges.
Hospital Occupational Health Service Network and Reporting Systems in Taiwan From 2008 to 2021
Authors: Shih Ping , Chu Po-Ching , Huang Ching-Chun , Guo Yue Leon , Chen Pau-Chung , Su Ta-Chen 
Published: November 2022

Objective
To evaluate the provision of occupational health services at hospitals following the establishment of the Network of Occupational Disease and Injury Service in 2007.

Methods
A review of occupational health services during 2008 to 2021 was conducted. The medical practice–based reporting system was compared with the database of compensated occupational diseases (ODs) from Taiwan's Labor Insurance.

Results
First-time outpatient visits for occupational evaluation and total visits to Network of Occupational Disease and Injury Service health care institutions increased from 1777 and 9435 to 12,092 and 23,210, respectively. Reported ODs increased from 1626 to 2043 with a peak of 2791. Up to 1380 workers evaluated for work resumption in 2021. Similar to the increasing trend in reported ODs, the number of compensated ODs increased over years.

Conclusion
The health service needs of Taiwanese workers from OD evaluation to vocational rehabilitation are increasing.
Predictors of missed school days among military connected families: A feasibility study
Authors: Gehring Janet , Robert Rebecca C. 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT

Background:
There is a paucity of research specific to military children's health, especially those with special needs. This may be partly attributed to the difficulty in accessing military connected families as a population. Yet, given the recognized importance of military connected families to the national security agenda, a need exists for studies to explore factors underlying child and family health.

Purpose:
We sought to identify factors among a sample of military children with special health care needs (CSHCN) predictive of missed school days, a commonly used measure of health and one used by NPs to monitor chronic conditions management success.

Methodology:
We used a secondary data analysis design and multivariable logistic regression with a subsample of military connected families from the National Survey of CSHCN identified by their reported insurance type.

Results:
We identified 1,656 military CSHCN. According to the adjusted model, hours of care per week, family work hours change, and activity limitations for the child were positive predictors of ≥4 missed school days per year.

Conclusion/Implications:
Our models identified important predictors of missed school days among military children that may inform assessments, interventions, and referrals by nurse practitioners caring for them. We identified a robust sample of military CSHCN from the National Survey of CSHCN by using self-reported insurance, a novel and simple approach to conducting a focused study of this population. Although feasible, this sampling approach was not without limitations. We advocate for including military connected families within sampling frameworks of national surveys to ensure that studies with this critical and unique population continue.
Screening History and Survival Among Women With Cervical Cancer in Puerto Rico
Authors: Gómez-Vargas Vanessa , Ortiz-Ortiz Karen J. , Almodóvar-Rivera Israel , Torres-Cintrón Carlos R. , Deshmukh Ashish A. , Ortiz Ana P. 
Published: November 2022

Objectives
Cervical cancer incidence is rising in Puerto Rico (PR). Screening for cervical cancer could prevent the occurrence of the disease or lead to its early detection, translating to survival benefits. In this study, we evaluated the association of cervical cancer screening status with tumor diagnosis and survival among Hispanic women living in PR.

Methods
We analyzed data for 506 incident cases of primary cervical cancer diagnosed from the period 2011–2014, identified through the PR Central Cancer Registry. We ascertained screening status 3 years before cervical cancer diagnosis using data from the period 2008–2014 from the PR Central Cancer Registry-Health Insurance Linkage Database. Patients were followed until 2019. Our outcomes of interest were stage at diagnosis and survival.

Results
Most women (78.86%) were covered by public insurance (Medicare and/or Medicaid), and 69.57% underwent screening 3 years before their diagnosis. The proportion of cases diagnosed with localized stage was significantly greater among the screened group compared with those unscreened (43.5% vs 33.1%, p < .0001). Multivariate analysis showed that women insured through Medicaid were less likely to have been screened when compared with women with private insurance (odds ratio = 0.29; 95% CI = 0.16–0.52). Five-year survival was significantly greater among screened (72%) than unscreened (54%) women (plog-rank < 0.05). The multivariate Cox proportional hazards model showed that women who received screening had a 39% (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.61; 95% CI = 0.43–0.87) lower risk of death compared with unscreened women.

Conclusion
Our findings exemplify survival benefits among women who underwent cervical cancer screening in PR. Interventions to improve screening uptake and adherence are a public health priority.
Geneplot: a coordinate conversion approach for graphical representation of protein domain data on the exon-intron structure of a gene
Authors: Gonzalez-Ibeas Daniel 
Published: November 2022

AbstractGraphical representation of single gene data, including subgenic features, polymorphisms and protein domains, is part of the regular routine of genome analyses. In the case of protein-coding genes, integration of such information with the exon-intron structure has advantages since intron polymorphisms may also have a biological impact, and the extent to which exons and protein domains overlap is of interest to evolutionary research. This report introducesgeneplot, an open-source Python library to generate this type of graphical output from standard file formats. The library applies a coordinate conversion approach in order to represent protein domain data on genomic areas.
Melanocortin 1 receptor regulates cholesterol and bile acid metabolism in the liver
Authors: Thapa Keshav , Kadiri James J. , Saukkonen Karla , Pennanen Iida , Cai Minying , Savontaus Eriika , Rinne Petteri 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMelanocortin 1 receptor (MC1-R) is widely expressed in melanocytes and leukocytes, and is thus strongly implicated in the regulation of skin pigmentation and inflammation. MC1-R mRNA has also been found in the rat and human liver, but its functional role has remained elusive. We hypothesized that MC1-R is functionally active in the liver and involved in the regulation of cholesterol and bile acid metabolism. We generated hepatocyte-specific MC1-R knock-out (L-Mc1r-/-) mice and phenotyped the mouse model for lipid profiles, liver histology and bile acid levels.L-Mc1r-/-mice had significantly increased liver weight, which was accompanied by elevated levels of total cholesterol and triglycerides in the liver as well as in the plasma. These mice demonstrated also enhanced liver fibrosis and a disturbance in bile acid metabolism as evidenced by markedly reduced bile acid levels in the plasma and feces. Mechanistically, using HepG2 cells as anin vitromodel, we found that selective activation of MC1-R in HepG2 cells reduced cellular cholesterol content and enhanced uptake of low- and high-density lipoprotein particlesviaa cAMP-independent mechanism. In conclusion, the present results demonstrate that MC1-R signaling in hepatocytes regulates cholesterol and bile acid metabolism and its deficiency leads to hypercholesterolemia and enhanced lipid accumulation and fibrosis in the liver.
Ex vivointestinal permeability assay (X-IPA) for tracking barrier function dynamics
Authors: Bootz-Maoz Hadar , Simon Ariel , Del Mare-Roumani Sara , Bennet Yifat , Zheng Danping , Amidror Sivan , Elinav Eran , Yissachar Nissan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe intestinal epithelial barrier facilitates homeostatic host-microbiota interactions and immunological tolerance. However, mechanistic dissections of barrier dynamics following luminal stimulation pose a substantial challenge. Here, we describe anex-vivointestinal permeability assay, X-IPA, for quantitative analysis of gut permeability dynamics at the whole-tissue level. We demonstrate that specific gut microbes and metabolites induce rapid, dose-dependent increases to gut permeability, thus providing a powerful approach for precise investigation of barrier functions.
Identification of β-III-spectrin actin-binding modulators for treatment of spinocerebellar ataxia
Authors: Guhathakurta Piyali , Rebbeck Robyn T. , Denha Sarah A. , Keller Amanda R. , Carter Anna L. , Atang Alexandra E. , Svensson Bengt , Thomas David D. , Hays Thomas S. , Avery Adam W. 
Published: November 2022

Abstractβ-III-spectrin is a key cytoskeletal protein that localizes to the soma and dendrites of cerebellar Purkinje cells, and is required for dendritic arborization and signaling. A spinocerebellar ataxia type 5 (SCA5) L253P mutation in the cytoskeletal protein β-III-spectrin causes high-affinity actin binding. Previously we reported a cell-based fluorescence assay for identification of small molecule actin-binding modulators of the L253P mutant β-III-spectrin. Here we describe a complementary,in vitro, fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) assay that uses purified L253P β-III-spectrin actin-binding domain (ABD) and F-actin. To validate the assay, we screened a 2,684-compound library of FDA-approved drugs. Importantly, the screening identified numerous compounds that decreased FRET between fluorescently labeled L253P ABD and F-actin. The activity and target of multiple Hit compounds were confirmed in orthologous co-sedimentation actin-binding assays. Through future medicinal chemistry, the Hit compounds can potentially be developed into a SCA5-specific therapeutic. Furthermore, our validated FRET-basedin vitroHTS platform is poised for screening large compound libraries for β-III-spectrin ABD modulators.
Assessing the financial sustainability of a rural livestock practice: a case of Pakistan
Authors: Lakhani Madeeha Omer , Tauseef Sana , Chattha Wajid Ali 
Published: November 2022

PurposeThis research aims to investigate the feasibility of formalizing an old, informal livestock financing practice in Pakistan known as Adhyara through assessment of estimated return and risk.Design/methodology/approachThe hedonic pricing model was employed to estimate the impact of breed, weight, pregnancy status and milk yield on cattle sales price, and appropriate estimates were used for monetization. The stochastic simulation was then used to estimate the distribution of capital returns for investors in the informal livestock practice. Primary data on animal prices and attributes were obtained from a survey of dairy farms and data on terms of Adhyara deal were obtained from a survey of nomad pastoralists and current investors. In-depth interviews were also conducted with different stakeholders to get insights into this informal livestock practice and social elements.FindingsResults from the hedonic model show that the animal prices in Pakistan are highly variable depending on the animal attributes of breed, weight, milk yield and pregnancy status with an average value of PKR (Pakistani Rupee) 191,771 and standard deviation of PKR 66,762. Our stochastic simulation reveals mean estimated real return of 24 per cent. This return is competitive considering local and international investment alternatives.Social implicationsThe research identifies a lucrative and market competitive investment option and thus opens the window of opportunity to introduce grass root entrepreneurship in the livestock sector. Recommended formalization of this traditional livestock practice can boost investment creating substantial potential for the uplift of local communities and simultaneously contribute towards the goals of poverty eradication, food provision and employment generation for women.Originality/valueThis research lays out the possibility of formalizing the practice of a traditional livestock financing in an agricultural country.
Organic food and obesity: factors influencing actual purchase of organic food in COVID-19 pandemic with moderating role of organic food availability
Authors: Nguyen Nhat Tan , Zhang Qingyu , Rehman Shafique Ur , Usman Muhammad , Palmucci Dario Natale 
Published: November 2022

PurposeOrganic food consumption decreases the risk of becoming obese or overweight. This study intends to see the influence of customer perceived value, COVID-19 fear, food neophobia, effort and natural content on the intention to purchase organic food (IPOF) that leads to the actual purchase of organic food (APOF). Moreover, organic food availability is a moderator between IPOF and APOF.Design/methodology/approachPLS-SEM is used for hypothesis testing. A purposive sampling technique was followed to gather data from organic food consumers in Lahore, Gujranwala and Islamabad and a total of 479 questionnaires were part of the analysis.FindingsThe outcomes show that customer perceived value, effort and natural content is positively related to IPOF. Despite this, COVID-19 fear and food neophobia are negatively associated with IPOF. IPOF and organic food availability are positively related to APOF. Finally, organic food availability significantly moderated between IPOF and APOF.Practical implicationsThis study outcome reveals that companies of organic food can recognize customer perceived value, COVID-19 fear, food neophobia, effort, natural content and organic food availability in their decision-making if they determine the actual purchase of organic food. This study offers a valuable policy to companies of organic food to enhance customer’s behavior in purchasing organic food in Pakistan. Besides, practitioners and academicians can benefit from this study finding.Originality/valueThis initial research integrates customer perceived value, COVID-19 fear, food neophobia, effort, natural content, IPOF and organic food availability to determine APOF in the COVID-19 pandemic. Moreover, consumption value theory is followed to develop the framework.
A comparative analysis of construction workers’ mental health before and during COVID-19 pandemic in Nigeria
Authors: Oni Olatoyese Zaccheus , Olanrewaju AbdulLateef , Khor Soo Cheen , Akinbile Bolatito Folasade 
Published: November 2022

PurposeBecause of the sort of working environment and the nature of construction jobs, a high rate of poor mental health has been recorded in the construction industry. The aim of this study is to compare construction workers' mental health before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Nigeria.Design/methodology/approachA survey questionnaire was developed and administered online to building environment professionals working on construction sites. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics such as mean and standard deviation. An independent sample t-test was also conducted to determine whether there was a significant difference in the mean before and during the COVID-19 infection.FindingsThe results show that mental health challenges were more prevalent during the COVID-19 pandemic compared to before the pandemic. The result of the independent sample t-test revealed that there exists a significant difference in all the mean before and during COVID-19 except sleeping too much or too little; having low or no energy and lack of emotion that shows no significant difference.Originality/valueThis study is the first to compare the mental health of construction workers before and during COVID-19 in Nigeria. The significance of this study was that it would provide an insight for construction managers and other decision-makers on the most critical mental health challenges on construction sites, which will help in an attempt to improve the mental well-being of construction workers.