bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transversus abdominis plane block with different bupivacaine concentrations in children undergoing unilateral inguinal hernia repair: a single-blind randomized clinical trial
Authors: Karadeniz Meltem Savran , Atasever Ayşe Gülşah , Salviz Emine Aysu , Bingül Emre Sertaç , Çiftçi Hayriye Şentürk , Dinçer Müşerref Beril , Sungur Mukadder Orhan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Current knowledge on the ideal local anesthetic concentration for the ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane block (TAPB) in pediatrics is scarce. The purpose of this study is to compare the efficacy of US-guided TAPB at two different concentrations of bupivacaine in pediatrics undergoing unilateral inguinal hernia repair.

Methods
After random allocation, 74 children aged 1–8 were randomized to receive US-guided TAPB by using 1 mg.kg− 1 bupivacaine as either 0,25% (0,4 ml.kg− 1) (Group 1) or 0,125% (0,8 ml.kg− 1) (Group 2) concentration. All blocks were performed under general anesthesia, immediately after the induction, unilaterally with a lateral approach. All subjects received intravenous 15 mg/kg paracetamol 0.15 mg/kg dexamethasone and 0.1 mg/kg ondansetron intraoperatively. The primary outcome was the efficacy which is assessed by postoperative FLACC behavioral pain assessment score at 15′, 30′, 45′, 1 h, 2 h, 6 h, and 24 h. The secondary outcomes were to assess the total dose of rescue analgesic consumption, length of hospital stay, the incidence of side effects, complications and satisfaction levels of the patients’ parents and the surgeons.

Results
Sixty-four children were recruited for the study. Postoperative pain scores were equal between the two groups. There was no need for a rescue analgesic in any group after the postoperative 6thhour. No local or systemic complication or side effect related to anesthesia or surgery was reported.

Conclusion
TAPB using 1 mg.kg− 1 bupivacaine administered as either high volume/low concentration or low volume/high concentration was providing both adequate analgesia and no side effects.

Trial registration
This trial was retrospectively registered at Clinicaltrals.gov, NCT04202367.
Healthcare providers’ and policymakers’ experiences and perspectives on barriers and facilitators to chronic disease self-management for people living with hypertension and diabetes in Cameroon
Authors: Mogueo Amélie , Defo Barthelemy Kuate , Mbanya Jean Claude 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundHypertension and diabetes are chronic noncommunicable diseases ranked among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in resource-limited settings. Interventions based on patient empowerment (PE) have been shown to be effective in the management of these diseases by improving a variety of important health outcomes. This study aims to examine from the healthcare providers’ and policymakers’ experiences and perspectives, the facilitators and barriers in the management of hypertension and diabetes for patient empowerment to achieve better health outcomes in the context of the healthcare system in Cameroon.MethodsWe carried out a qualitative study involving three levels of embedded analysis in a public primary healthcare delivery system in Cameroon, through 22 semi-structural interviews with healthcare providers and policymakers and 36 observations of physicians’ consultations. We combined thematic and lexicometric analyses to identify robust patterns of differences and similarities in the experiences and perspectives of healthcare providers and policymakers about direct and indirect factors associated with patients’ self-management of disease.ResultsWe identified 89 barriers and 42 facilitators at the central, organizational, and individual levels; they were preponderant at the organizational level. Factors identified by healthcare providers mainly related to self-management of the disease at the organizational and individual levels, whereas policymakers reported factors chiefly at the central and organizational levels. Healthcare providers involved in the decision-making process for the delivery of healthcare tended to have a sense of ownership and responsibility over what they were doing to help patients develop self-management abilities to control their disease.ConclusionWhile interventions focused on improving patient-level factors are essential to PE, there is a need for interventions paying more attention to organizational and political barriers to PE than so far. Interventions targeting simultaneously these multilevel factors may be more effective than single-level interventions.
Lifelong versus not lifelong death wishes in older adults without severe illness: a cross-sectional survey
Authors: Elzinga Elke , Zomers Margot , van der Burg Kiki , van Veen Sisco , Schweren Lizanne , van Thiel Ghislaine , van Wijngaarden Els 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Some older adults with a persistent death wish without being severely ill report having had a death wish their whole lives (lifelong persistent death wish; L-PDW). Differentiating them from older adults without severe illness who developed a death wish later in life (persistent death wish, not lifelong; NL-PDW) can be relevant for the provision of adequate help and support. This study aims to gain insight into the characteristics, experiences, and needs of older adults with a L-PDW versus older adults with a NL-PDW and into the nature of their death wishes.

Methods
In the Netherlands, in April 2019, a cross-sectional survey study was conducted among a large representative sample of 32,477 citizens aged 55 years and older. Respondents with a L-PDW (N = 50) were compared with respondents with a NL-PDW (N = 217) using descriptive statistics, Kruskal–Wallis tests, and Fisher’s exact tests.

Results
Respondents with a L-PDW were relatively younger and less often had (step)children. They less often looked back on a good and satisfying life with many good memories and more often reported trauma. Older adults with a NL-PDW more often reported loss and bereavement. Overall, the groups showed a lot of similarities. Both groups reported a death wish diverse in nature, numerous health problems, and a variety of needs for help and support.

Conclusions
Some of the differences we found between the groups might be particularly relevant for the provision of adequate help and support to older adults with a L-PDW (i.e., their past and trauma) and to older adults with a NL-PDW (i.e., their loss and bereavement). The heterogeneity of both groups and the diverse nature of their death wish indicate that careful assessment of the death wish, its background, and underlying needs is required to provide personalized help and support to older adults with a death wish.
Results of a Web-based survey of 2105 Greek migraine patients in 2020: demographics, clinical characteristics, burden and the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the course of migraine
Authors: Dermitzakis Emmanouil V. , Kouroudi Aikaterini , Argyriou Andreas A. , Spingos Konstantinos C. , Bilias Konstantinos , Vikelis Michail 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe Greek Society of Migraine and Headache Patients (GSMHP), maintaining a strong commitment to research and information, conducted its second web-based online survey named "Migraine in Greece—2020", following its first one conducted in 2018. The 2020 study included 2,105 migraine patients who were called to answer 151 questions. The purposes of the current research were to record the demographic and clinical characteristics of migraine patients in Greece, including the severity and effects of migraine on respondents' quality of life, as well as to survey the effects of the coronavirus pandemic on the course of migraine. Our population, internet-based study provides data that will hopefully contribute to better comprehend the clinical phenotype and course of migraine during the COVID-19 pandemic.
The interaction between antenatal care and abnormal temperature during delivery and its relationship with postpartum care: a prospective study of 1,538 women in semi-rural Uganda
Authors: Rahim Nicholas E. , Ngonzi Joseph , Boatin Adeline A. , Bassett Ingrid V. , Siedner Mark J. , Mugyenyi Godfrey R. , Bebell Lisa M. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Postnatal care (PNC) is an important tool for reducing maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. However, what predicts receipt and maintenance in PNC, particularly events during pregnancy and the peripartum period, is not well understood. We hypothesized that fever or hypothermia during delivery would engender greater health consciousness among those attending antenatal care, leading to greater PNC engagement after hospital discharge and our objective was to evaluate this relationship.

Methods
Women were prospectively enrolled immediately postpartum at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital (MRRH). We collected postpartum vital signs and surveyed women by telephone about PNC receipt, fever, and infection at two and six weeks postpartum. Our outcome of interest was receipt of PNC post-discharge, defined as whether a participant visited a health facility and/or was hospitalized in the postpartum period. Our explanatory variables were whether a participant was ever febrile (> 38.0˚C) or hypothermic (< 36.0˚C) during delivery stay and whether a participant attended at least 4 antenatal care (ANC) visits. We used logistic regressions to estimate the association between ANC and fever/hypothermia with PNC, including an interaction term between ANC and fever/hypothermia to determine whether there was a modifying relationship between variables on PNC. Regression models were adjusted for age, marital status, parity, HIV serostatus, Mbarara residency, and whether the participant was referred to MRRH,

Results
Of the 1,541 women, 86 (5.6%) reported visiting a health facility and/or hospitalization and 186 (12.0%) had an abnormal temperature recorded during delivery stay. Of those who reported at least one visit, 59/86 (68.6%) delivered by cesarean, 37/86 (43.0%) reported post-discharge fever, and 44/86 (51.2%) reported post-discharge infection. Neither ANC attendance, abnormal temperature after delivery, nor their interaction term, were significantly associated with post-discharge PNC. The included covariates were not significantly associated with the outcome.

Conclusions
While the overall proportion of women reporting post-discharge PNC was low, those who reported visiting a health facility and/or hospitalization had high proportions of post-discharge fever, post-discharge infection, and cesarean delivery, which suggests that these visits may have been related to problem-focused care. No significant associations between ANC and PNC were observed in this cohort. Further research assessing ANC quality and PNC visit focus is needed to ensure ANC and PNC are optimized to reduce morbidity and mortality.
Trends in hospitalization and in-hospital mortality rates among patients with lung cancer in Spain between 2010 and 2020
Authors: Galindo-Utrero Abraham , San-Román-Montero Jesús María , Gil-Prieto Ruth , Gil-de-Miguel Ángel 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Lung cancer is the third most frequent tumor and the main cause of death by tumor in Spain. Although the incidence and mortality are still significantly higher in men than in women, the disparity between the sexes is decreasing. The objective of this study was to analyze the evolution of lung cancer hospitalization and in-hospital mortality rates in Spain from 2010 to 2020.

Methods
The reports of the Minimum Basic Data Set (MBDS) at hospital discharge were used to retrospectively analyze the data of all patients with a primary diagnosis of lung cancer, according to the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-9-CM and ICD-10-CM).

Results
Between 2010 and 2020, there were 315,263 hospitalizations and 70,490 deaths from lung cancer in Spain, the majority (~ 80%) in men. Overall, the rates of hospitalization and in-hospital mortality from lung cancer showed a downward trend throughout the period, although the number of new diagnoses and the absolute number of deaths in women increased. Due to the aging of the population, the degree of comorbidity in patients with lung cancer, although it remains relatively low, is also on the rise.

Conclusion
Lung cancer represents a substantial clinical and economic burden for patients and for the National Health System, so it is necessary to promote primary prevention campaigns, as well as to develop more effective population screening measures to detect cancers early and increase the patient survival.
Adaptation of Essential Care for Every Baby educational program to improve infant outcomes in the context of Zika
Authors: McNelis Kera , Prasanphanich Nina , Martin-Herz Susanne P. , Carter Terrell , Merchant Hannah Foehringer , Patterson Janna , Hager Salwan , Chitashvili Tamar , Jarvis Shivon Belle , Kamath-Rayne Beena D. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
The outbreak and ongoing transmission of Zika virus provided an opportunity to strengthen essential newborn care and early childhood development systems through collaboration with the US Agency for International Development Applying Science to Strengthen and Improve Systems (USAID ASSIST). The objective was to create a system of sustainable training dissemination which improves newborn care-related quality indicators in the context of Zika.

Methods
From 2018–19, USAID ASSIST supported a series of technical assistance visits by the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) in four Caribbean countries to strengthen the clinical capacity in care of children potentially affected by Zika through dissemination of Essential Care for Every Baby (ECEB), teaching QI methodology, coaching visits, and development of clinical care guidelines. ECEB was adapted to emphasize physical exam findings related to Zika. The first series of workshops were facilitated by AAP technical advisors and the second series were facilitated by the newly trained local champions. Quality of care was monitored with performance indicators at 134 health facilities.

Results
A repeated measures (pre-post) ANOVA was conducted, revealing significant pre-post knowledge gains [F(1) = 197.9, p < 0.001] on knowledge check scores. Certain performance indicators related to ECEB practices demonstrated significant changes and midline shift on the run chart in four countries.

Conclusion
ECEB can be adapted to incorporate important local practices, causes of neonatal morbidity and mortality, and differing healthcare system structures, which, as one part of a larger technical assistance package, leads to improved performance of health systems.
Factors associated with insomnia and suicidal thoughts among outpatients, healthcare workers, and the general population in Taiwan during COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Lin Yi-Hsuan , Chen Jung-Sheng , Huang Po-Ching , Lu Mei-Yun , Strong Carol , Lin Chung-Ying , Griffiths Mark D. , Ko Nai-Ying 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundInsomnia and suicidal thoughts are two of the negative impacts that have been caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Identifying the factors that contribute to these psychological problems may help develop strategies to sustain the mental health of the public. The present study examined the psychosocial impacts caused by the COVID-19 pandemic among different populations in Taiwan, and investigated the relationships between these psychosocial variables, insomnia, and suicidal thoughts.MethodsBetween September 2020 and May 2021, online questionnaires including psychometrically validated scales were distributed to a convenience sample of outpatients (n = 205), healthcare workers (HCWs) (n = 500), and individuals in the general population (n = 1200) in Taiwan to collect data regarding their insomnia severity, suicidal thoughts, fear of COVID-19, trust of information, and resilience. Multivariate logistic regression methods were used to identify variables associated with suicidal thoughts and insomnia.ResultsGreater fear of COVID-19 was significantly associated with suicidal thoughts: odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.155 (1.002–1.330) for outpatients; 1.127 (1.035–1.228) for HCWs; and 1.100 (1.130–1.222) for those in the general population. Higher resilience was significantly associated with lower insomnia: OR (95% CI) = 0.819 (0.725–0.926) for outpatients; 0.803 (0.728–0.887), for HCWs; 0.829 (0.785–0.875), and for those in the general population. In addition, there was a statistically significant association between insomnia diagnosis and greater fear of COVID-19 among HCWs (OR [95% CI] = 1.102 [1.062–1.144]) and those in the general population (OR [95% CI] = 1.079 [1.053–1.106]). Among outpatients, there was a statistically significant association between suicidal thoughts and lower trust of information (OR [95% CI] = 0.794 [0.646–0.976]), while among those in the general population there was a statistically significant association between suicidal thoughts and higher insomnia severity (OR [95% CI] = 1.175 [1.13–1.222]). A statistically significant association was also found between insomnia diagnosis and higher suicidal thoughts among those in the general population (OR [95% CI] = 3.455 [2.338–5.106]).ConclusionsTrust of information, fear, and resilience were important factors for suppressing suicidal thoughts and insomnia among the three study populations. Health policies that monitor psychological status and build resiliency of the public are recommended to help develop tailored strategies for different populations affected by the COVID-19 pandemic.
Social capital and willingness to participate in COVID-19 vaccine trials: an Italian case-control study
Authors: Terraneo Marco , Quaglia Valeria , Nuvolati Giampaolo , Bani Marco , Russo Selena , Strepparava Maria Grazia , Capici Serena , Cavaliere Rebecca , Cazzaniga Marina Elena 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
What leads healthy people to enter in a volunteer register for clinical trials? This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the decision to volunteer in clinical trials for a COVID-19 vaccine and social capital, in a sample of healthy volunteers in Italy. Since social capital is characterized by trust, reciprocity, and social and political participation, we claim that it is key in leading individuals to actively take action to protect public health, and to take a risk for the (potential) benefit not only of themselves but for the entire community.

Methods
This study was conducted through the administration of a questionnaire to healthy volunteers registered for a phase 1 clinical trial for a COVID-19 vaccine in the Unit Research Centre of ASST-Monza, in September 2020. The primary purpose of a phase 1 study is to evaluate the safety of a new drug candidate before it proceeds to further clinical studies. To approximate a case–control study, we randomly matched the 318 respondents to healthy volunteers (cases) with 318 people randomly selected by Round 9 of the European Social Survey (controls), using three variables, which we considered to be associated with the decision to volunteer: gender, age, and education level. To execute this matching procedure, we used the “ccmatch” module in STATA.

Results
The findings highlight the positive impact of social capital in the choice of healthy individuals to volunteer in COVID-19 vaccine clinical trials. Controlling for possible confounding factors, some exemplary results show that people with a high level of general trust have a greater likelihood of volunteering compared to people with low trust (OR = 2.75, CI = 1.58–4.77); we also found that it is more probable that volunteers are people who have actively taken action to improve things compared with people who have not (for individuals who did three or more actions: OR = 7.54, CI = 4.10–13.86). People who reported voting (OR = 3.91, CI = 1.70–8.99) and participating in social activities more than other people of their age (OR = 2.89, CI = 1.82–4.60) showed a higher probability to volunteer.

Conclusions
Together with the adoption of urgent health measures in response to COVID-19, government policymakers should also promote social capital initiatives to encourage individuals to actively engage in actions aimed at protecting collective health. Our findings make an empirical contribution to the research on vaccines and its intersection with social behaviour, and they provide useful insights for policymakers to manage current and future disease outbreaks and to enhance the enrolment in vaccine trials.
BMI and pelvimetry help to predict the duration of laparoscopic resection for low and middle rectal cancer
Authors: Teng Wenhao , Liu Jingfu , Chen Meimei , Zang Weidong , Wu Aiwen 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
In rectal cancer surgery, recent studies have found associations between clinical factors, especially pelvic parameters, and surgical difficulty; however, their findings are inconsistent because the studies use different criteria. This study aimed to evaluate common clinical factors that influence the operative time for the laparoscopic anterior resection of low and middle rectal cancer.

Methods
Patients who underwent laparoscopic radical resection of low and middle rectal cancer from January 2018 to December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed and classified according to the operative time. Preoperative clinical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-related parameters were collected. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors for predicting the operative time.

Results
In total, 214 patients with a mean age of 60.3 ± 8.9 years were divided into two groups: the long operative time group (n = 105) and the short operative time group (n = 109). Univariate analysis revealed that the male sex, a higher body mass index (BMI, ≥ 24.0 kg/m2), preoperative treatment, a smaller pelvic inlet (< 11.0 cm), a deeper pelvic depth (≥ 10.7 cm) and a shorter intertuberous distance (< 10.1 cm) were significantly correlated with a longer operative time (P < 0.05). However, only BMI (OR 1.893, 95% CI 1.064–3.367, P = 0.030) and pelvic inlet (OR 0.439, 95% CI 0.240–0.804, P = 0.008) were independent predictors of operative time. Moreover, the rate of anastomotic leakage was higher in the long operative time group (P < 0.05).

Conclusion
Laparoscopic rectal resection is expected to take longer to perform in patients with a higher BMI or smaller pelvic inlet.