bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transmissive and reflective switchable terahertz metasurface for phase modulation based on vanadium dioxide
Authors: Niu Junhao , Li Chunhui , Mo Wei , Yao Qianyu , Zhu Aijun 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Metasurfaces provide a powerful ability to control electromagnetic waves, but most metasurfaces only work in transmission or reflection mode. In this paper, a transmissive and reflective switchable metasurface is designed. The unit structure consists of two split-rings and vanadium dioxide (VO2) film. Utilizing the phase change characteristics of VO2, the designed metasurface works in transmission mode at 25 °C, while works in reflection mode at 68 °C. It can transform the incident circularly polarized wave at the frequency of 0.47 THz, achieving transmission cross-polarization conversion amplitude greater than 0.8 and reflection cross-polarization conversion amplitude greater than 0.9. By rotating the split-rings, full 2π gradient phase distribution is achieved. The switchable metasurface has the potential to design multifunctional devices. To prove the concept, anomalous refraction and reflection, single-foci and dual-foci focusing metalens are designed. The proposed metasurface provides an effective method to design temperature controlled meta-devices and other systems in terahertz communications.
A hybrid deep learning model approach for performance index prediction of mechanical equipment
Authors: Hou Dali , Cao Mingjia 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
To forecast the health status of mechanical equipment in industrial production, fault diagnosis systems need a fast and accurate algorithm to forecast the important performance indexes of mechanical equipment. According to the characteristics of time series, a composite variable wavelet transform, deep autoencoder and long short-term memory (CWD-LSTM) hybrid neural network forecast algorithm is proposed to carry out one-step forecast experiments on air compressor datasets. As one of the important indexes reflecting the performance of the air compressor, loading time is usually a parameter that the fault diagnosis system needs to forecast and analyze. The experimental results show that compared with the original neural network and other similar algorithms, the CWD-LSTM algorithm has obvious advantages in forecasting the loading time under a variety of detection indexes. More importantly, CWD-LSTM does not require a high update frequency of the neural network, and manufacturers do not need a frequent training model to ensure the reliability of forecast.
Rational design of selenium inserted 1T/2H mixed-phase molybdenum disulfide for energy storage and pollutant degradation applications
Authors: Namsheer K , Thomas Siby , Sharma Aditya , Thomas Susmi Anna , Sree Raj K A , Kumar Vipin , Gagliardi Alessio , Aravind Arun , Rout Chandra Sekhar 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
MoS2 based materials are recognized as the promising candidate for multifunctional applications due to its unique physicochemical properties. But presence of lower number of active sites, poor electrical conductivity, and less stability of 2H and 1T MoS2 inherits its practical applications. Herein, we synthesized the Se inserted mixed-phase 2H/1T MoS2 nanosheets with abundant defects sites to achieve improved overall electrochemical activity. Moreover, the chalcogen insertion induces the recombination of photogenerated excitons and enhances the life of carriers. The bifunctional energy storage and photocatalytic pollutant degradation studies of the prepare materials are carried out. Fabricated symmetric solid-state supercapacitor showed an exceptional capacitance of 178 mF cm−2 with an excellent energy density of 8 μWh cm−2 and power density of 137 mW cm−2, with remarkable capacitance retention of 86.34% after successive 8000 charge–discharge cycles. The photocatalytic dye degradation experiments demonstrate that the prepared Se incorporated 1T/2H MoS2 is a promising candidate for dye degradation applications. Further, the DFT studies confirmed that the Se inserted MoS2 is a promising electrode material for supercapacitor applications with higher CQ
due to a larger density of states near Fermi level as compared to pristine MoS2.
Broadband photodetector based on SnTe nanofilm/n-Ge heterostructure
Authors: Song Liyuan , Tang Libin , Hao Qun , Teng Kar Seng , Lv Hao , Wang Jingyu , Feng Jiangmin , Zhou Yan , He Wenjin , Wang Wei 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Combining novel two-dimensional materials with traditional semiconductors to form heterostructures for photoelectric detection have attracted great attention due to their excellent photoelectric properties. In this study, we reported the formation of a heterostructure comprising of tin telluride (SnTe) and germanium (Ge) by a simple and efficient one-step magnetron sputtering technique. A photodetector was fabricated by sputtering a nanofilm of SnTe on to a pre-masked n-Ge substrate. J–V measurements obtained from the SnTe/n-Ge photodetector demonstrated diode and photovoltaic characteristics in the visible to near-infrared (NIR) band (i.e. 400–2050 nm). Under NIR illumination at 850 nm with an optical power density of 13.81 mW cm−2, the SnTe/n-Ge photodetector exhibited a small open-circuit voltage of 0.05 V. It also attained a high responsivity (R) and detectivity (D*) of 617.34 mA W−1 (at bias voltage of −0.5 V) and 2.33 × 1011 cmHz1/2W−1 (at zero bias), respectively. Therefore, SnTe nanofilm/n-Ge heterostructure is highly suitable for used as low-power broadband photodetector due to its excellent performances and simple device configuration.
The radiosensitizing effect of platinum nanoparticles in proton irradiations is not caused by an enhanced proton energy deposition at the macroscopic scale
Authors: Behrends C , Bäcker C M , Schilling I , Zwiehoff S , Weingarten J , Kröninger K , Rehbock C , Barcikowski S , Wulff J , Bäumer C , Timmermann B 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Objective. Due to the radiosensitizing effect of biocompatible noble metal nanoparticles (NPs), their administration is considered to potentially increase tumor control in radiotherapy. The underlying physical, chemical and biological mechanisms of the NPs’ radiosensitivity especially when interacting with proton radiation is not conclusive. In the following work, the energy deposition of protons in matter containing platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs) is experimentally investigated. Approach. Surfactant-free monomodal PtNPs with a mean diameter of (40 ± 10) nm and a concentration of 300 μg ml−1, demonstrably leading to a substantial production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), were homogeneously dispersed into cubic gelatin samples serving as tissue-like phantoms. Gelatin samples without PtNPs were used as control. The samples’ dimensions and contrast of the PtNPs were verified in a clinical computed tomography scanner. Fields from a clinical proton machine were used for depth dose and stopping power measurements downstream of both samples types. These experiments were performed with a variety of detectors at a pencil beam scanning beam line as well as a passive beam line with proton energies from about 56–200 MeV. Main results. The samples’ water equivalent ratios in terms of proton stopping as well as the mean proton energy deposition downstream of the samples with ROS-producing PtNPs compared to the samples without PtNPs showed no differences within the experimental uncertainties of about 2%. Significance. This study serves as experimental proof that the radiosensitizing effect of biocompatible PtNPs is not due to a macroscopically increased proton energy deposition, but is more likely caused by a catalytic effect of the PtNPs. Thus, these experiments provide a contribution to the highly discussed radiobiological question of the proton therapy efficiency with noble metal NPs and facilitate initial evidence that the dose calculation in treatment planning is straightforward and not affected by the presence of sensitizing PtNPs.
Artificial intelligence methods for applied superconductivity: material, design, manufacturing, testing, operation, and condition monitoring
Authors: Yazdani-Asrami Mohammad , Sadeghi Alireza , Song Wenjuan , Madureira Ana , Murta-Pina João , Morandi Antonio , Parizh Michael 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
More than a century after the discovery of superconductors (SCs), numerous studies have been accomplished to take advantage of SCs in physics, power engineering, quantum computing, electronics, communications, aviation, healthcare, and defence-related applications. However, there are still challenges that hinder the full-scale commercialization of SCs, such as the high cost of superconducting wires/tapes, technical issues related to AC losses, the structure of superconducting devices, the complexity and high cost of the cooling systems, the critical temperature, and manufacturing-related issues. In the current century, massive advancements have been achieved in artificial intelligence (AI) techniques by offering disruptive solutions to handle engineering problems. Consequently, AI techniques can be implemented to tackle those challenges facing superconductivity and act as a shortcut towards the full commercialization of SCs and their applications. AI approaches are capable of providing fast, efficient, and accurate solutions for technical, manufacturing, and economic problems with a high level of complexity and nonlinearity in the field of superconductivity. In this paper, the concept of AI and the widely used algorithms are first given. Then a critical topical review is presented for those conducted studies that used AI methods for improvement, design, condition monitoring, fault detection and location of superconducting apparatuses in large-scale power applications, as well as the prediction of critical temperature and the structure of new SCs, and any other related applications. This topical review is presented in three main categories: AI for large-scale superconducting applications, AI for superconducting materials, and AI for the physics of SCs. In addition, the challenges of applying AI techniques to the superconductivity and its applications are given. Finally, future trends on how to integrate AI techniques with superconductivity towards commercialization are discussed.
Effective field theory of waterfall in hybrid inflation
Authors: Gong Jinn-Ouk , Mylova Maria 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
We examine the validity of the classical approximation of the waterfall phase transition in hybrid inflation from an effective field theory (EFT) point of view. The EFT is constructed by integrating out the waterfall field fluctuations, up to one-loop order in the perturbative expansion. Assuming slow-roll conditions are obeyed, right after the onset of the waterfall phase, we find the backreaction of the waterfall field fluctuations to the evolution of the system can be dominant. In this case the classical approximation is completely spoiled. We derive the necessary constraint that ensures the validity of the EFT.
Mobile data collection of wireless sensor networks with speed control
Authors: Xin Qiangwei , Zhang Wei 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Reducing delay has an important position in the data collection of wireless sensor networks. Current mobile sink may use single antenna to collect data, but necessarily use two antennas if the data amount is large. The purpose of the research is to reduce the delay of data collection. Unlike many traditional methods, our approach has not parking positions of mobile sink in the process of data collection. We propose an algorithm based on speed control of mobile sink that reduces the delay of data collection. The algorithm combines speed control and two antennas of mobile sink. Our algorithm ensures reducing the delay of data collection.
Transmission path optimization Based on Efficiency Communication System
Authors: Fan Jin , Lim Kit Guan , Ee Chuo Helen Sin , Tan Min Keng , Farzamnia Ali , Teo Kenneth Tze Kin 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Routing is the core of wireless sensor network deployment. This paper points out the research focus of the wireless sensor network transmission path and discusses the optimization problem of the transmission based on grid model. In this paper, routing attribute table that is maintained by the nodes, the density and relative distance of node distribution, is used to determine the clustering method. At the same time, the developed algorithm combines the relative position of the cluster and the base station to further improve the routing method of the sub-cluster head, Finally, the algorithm analyzes the influence of different parameters on the transmission path, and use the simulation experiments to evaluate the conclusions.
Multi-messenger observations of thunderstorm-related bursts of cosmic rays
Authors: Chilingarian A. , Hovsepyan G. , Karapetyan T. , Khanykyanc Y. , Pokhsraryan D. , Sargsyan B. , Chilingaryan S. , Soghomonyan S. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
We present the facilities of the Aragats Space Environmental Center in Armenia used during multi-year observations of the thunderstorm ground enhancements (TGEs) and corresponding environmental parameters. We analyze the characteristics of the detectors, operated on Aragats, and describe the coordinated detection of TGEs by the network of scintillators, field meters, and weather stations. By using a fast synchronized data acquisition system, we reveal correlations of the multivariate data on time scales from nanoseconds to minutes, which allow us to gain insight into the TGE and lightning origin and their interrelations. Also, we demonstrate how different coincidences of multilayered detector operation can select various species of secondary cosmic rays.
Resveratrol promotes osteogenesis and angiogenesis through mediating immunology of senescent macrophages
Authors: Hang Ruiqiang , Wang Jiahui , Tian Xue , Wu Ruifeng , Hang Ruiyue , Zhao Yuyu , Sun Yonghua , Wang Honggang 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Orthopedic implants have been used clinically to restore the functions of the compromised bone tissues, but there is still a relatively high risk of failure for elderly people. A critical reason is pro-inflammatory immune microenvironment created by senescent macrophages with homeostasis imbalance impairs osteogenesis and angiogenesis, two major processes involved in implant osseointegration. The present work proposes to use resveratrol as an autophagy inducing agent to upregulate the autophagy level of senescent macrophages to restore homeostasis, consequently generating a favorable immune microenvironment. The results show 0.1–1 μM of resveratrol can induce autophagy of senescent macrophages, promote cell viability and proliferation, reduce intracellular reactive oxygen species level, and polarize the cells to pro-healing M2 phenotype. The immune microenvironment created by senescent macrophages upon resveratrol stimulation can promote osteogenesis and angiogenesis, as manifested by upregulated proliferation, alkaline phosphatase activity, type I collagen secretion, and extracellular matrix mineralization of senescent osteoblasts as well as nitric oxide production, migration, and in vitro angiogenesis of senescent endothelial cells. In addition, resveratrol-loaded silk fibroin coatings can be fabricated on titanium surface through electrophoretic co-deposition and the coatings show beneficial effects on the functions of senescent macrophages. Our results suggest resveratrol can be used as surface additive of titanium implants to promote osseointegration of elderly people though regulating immunology of senescent macrophages.
Genetic risk for schizophrenia is associated with increased proportion of indirect connections in brain networks revealed by a semi-metric analysis: evidence from population sample stratified for polygenic risk
Authors: Dimitriadis S I , Perry G , Lancaster T M , Tansey K E , Singh K D , Holmans P , Pocklington A , Davey Smith G , Zammit S , Hall J , O’Donovan M C , Owen M J , Jones D K , Linden D E 
Published: July 2022

AbstractResearch studies based on tractography have revealed a prominent reduction of asymmetry in some key white-matter tracts in schizophrenia (SCZ). However, we know little about the influence of common genetic risk factors for SCZ on the efficiency of routing on structural brain networks (SBNs). Here, we use a novel recall-by-genotype approach, where we sample young adults from a population-based cohort (ALSPAC:N genotyped = 8,365) based on their burden of common SCZ risk alleles as defined by polygenic risk score (PRS). We compared 181 individuals at extremes of low (N = 91) or high (N = 90) SCZ-PRS under a robust diffusion MRI-based graph theoretical SBN framework. We applied a semi-metric analysis revealing higher SMR values for the high SCZ-PRS group compared with the low SCZ-PRS group in the left hemisphere. Furthermore, a hemispheric asymmetry index showed a higher leftward preponderance of indirect connections for the high SCZ-PRS group compared with the low SCZ-PRS group (PFDR &lt; 0.05). These findings might indicate less efficient structural connectivity in the higher genetic risk group. This is the first study in a population-based sample that reveals differences in the efficiency of SBNs associated with common genetic risk variants for SCZ.
Unsedated transnasal endoscopy for the detection of Barrett’s esophagus: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Huibertse Lotte J , Peters Yonne , Westendorp Dieuwertje , Siersema Peter D 
Published: July 2022

SummaryConventional esophagogastroduodenoscopy (cEGD) is currently the gold standard endoscopic procedure for diagnosis and surveillance of Barrett’s esophagus (BE). This procedure is however less suitable for widespread screening because of its invasiveness and costs. An alternative endoscopic procedure is unsedated transnasal endoscopy (uTNE). We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy, patient tolerability, technical success rate, and safety of uTNE compared with cEGD for detecting BE and related neoplasia. PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library were searched for studies that reported the diagnostic accuracy of uTNE compared with cEGD for detecting BE and related neoplasia. Eight prospective studies were included, in which 623 patients underwent both uTNE and cEGD. Pooled sensitivity and specificity of uTNE for detecting columnar epithelium were 98% (95% CI 83–100%) and 99% (95% CI 82–100%), respectively. Pooled sensitivity and specificity of uTNE for detecting intestinal metaplasia in biopsies were 89% (95% CI 78–95%) and 93% (95% CI 71–98%), respectively. In three of the six studies that reported patient tolerability, a higher patient tolerability of uTNE compared with cEGD was reported. The technical success rate of uTNE ranged from 89% to 100% and no (serious) adverse events were reported. This systematic review and meta-analysis provides evidence that uTNE is an accurate, safe, and well-tolerated procedure for the detection of columnar epithelium and can be considered as screening modality for BE.
Clinical implications of chyle leakage following esophagectomy
Authors: Schafrat Pascale J M , Henckens Sofie P G , Hagens Eliza R C , Eshuis Wietse J , Gisbertz Suzanne S , Laméris Wytze , van Berge Henegouwen Mark I 
Published: July 2022

Summary
The clinical consequences of chyle leakage following esophagectomy are underexposed. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical implications of chyle leakage following esophagectomy. This retrospective study of prospectively collected data included patients who underwent transthoracic esophagectomy in 2017–2020. Routinely, the thoracic duct was resected en bloc as part of the mediastinal lymphadenectomy. Chyle leakage was defined as milky drain fluid for which specific treatment was initiated and/or a triglyceride level in drain fluid of ≥1.13 mmol/L, according to the Esophagectomy Complications Consensus Group (ECCG) classification. Primary endpoints were the clinical characteristics of chyle leakage (type, severity and treatment). Secondary endpoints were the impact of chyle leakage on duration of thoracic drainage and hospital stay. Chyle leakage was present in 43/314 patients (14%), of whom 24 (56%) were classified as severity A and 19 (44%) as severity B. All patients were successfully treated with either medium chain triglyceride diet (98%) or total parental nutrition (2%). There were no re-interventions for chyle leakage during initial admission, although one patient needed additional pleural drainage during readmission. Patients with chyle leakage had 3 days longer duration of thoracic drainage (bias corrected accelerated (BCa) 95%CI:0.46–0.76) and 3 days longer hospital stay (BCa 95%CI:0.07–0.36), independently of the presence of other complications. Chyle leakage is a relatively frequent complication following esophagectomy. Postoperative chyle leakage was associated with a significant longer duration of thoracic drainage and hospital admission. Nonsurgical treatment was successful in all patients with chyle leakage.
TRPM4 inhibition by meclofenamate suppresses Ca2+-dependent triggered arrhythmias
Authors: Vandewiele Frone , Pironet Andy , Jacobs Griet , Kecskés Miklos , Wegener Jörg , Kerselaers Sara , Hendrikx Lio , Verelst Joren , Philippaert Koenraad , Oosterlinck Wouter , Segal Andrei , Van Den Broeck Evy , Pinto Silvia , Priori Silvia G , Lehnart Stephan E , Nilius Bernd , Voets Thomas , Vennekens Rudi 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Aims
Cardiac arrhythmias are a major factor in the occurrence of morbidity and sudden death in patients with cardiovascular disease. Disturbances of Ca2+ homeostasis in the heart contribute to the initiation and maintenance of cardiac arrhythmias. Extrasystolic increases in intracellular Ca2+ lead to delayed afterdepolarizations and triggered activity, which can result in heart rhythm abnormalities. It is being suggested that the Ca2+-activated nonselective cation channel TRPM4 is involved in the aetiology of triggered activity, but the exact contribution and in vivo significance are still unclear.

Methods and results
In vitro electrophysiological and calcium imaging technique as well as in vivo intracardiac and telemetric electrocardiogram measurements in physiological and pathophysiological conditions were performed. In two distinct Ca2+-dependent proarrhythmic models, freely moving Trpm4−/− mice displayed a reduced burden of cardiac arrhythmias. Looking further into the specific contribution of TRPM4 to the cellular mechanism of arrhythmias, TRPM4 was found to contribute to a long-lasting Ca2+ overload-induced background current, thereby regulating cell excitability in Ca2+ overload conditions. To expand these results, a compound screening revealed meclofenamate as a potent antagonist of TRPM4. In line with the findings from Trpm4−/− mice, 10 µM meclofenamate inhibited the Ca2+ overload-induced background current in ventricular cardiomyocytes and 15 mg/kg meclofenamate suppressed catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia-associated arrhythmias in a TRPM4-dependent manner.

Conclusion
The presented data establish that TRPM4 represents a novel target in the prevention and treatment of Ca2+-dependent triggered arrhythmias.