bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Control of Ca2+ signals by astrocyte nanoscale morphology at tripartite synapses
Authors: Denizot Audrey , Arizono Misa , Nägerl U. Valentin , Berry Hugues , De Schutter Erik 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMuch of the Ca2+ activity in astrocytes is spatially restricted to microdomains and occurs in fine processes that form a complex anatomical meshwork, the so‐called spongiform domain. A growing body of literature indicates that those astrocytic Ca2+ signals can influence the activity of neuronal synapses and thus tune the flow of information through neuronal circuits. Because of technical difficulties in accessing the small spatial scale involved, the role of astrocyte morphology on Ca2+ microdomain activity remains poorly understood. Here, we use computational tools and idealized 3D geometries of fine processes based on recent super‐resolution microscopy data to investigate the mechanistic link between astrocytic nanoscale morphology and local Ca2+ activity. Simulations demonstrate that the nano‐morphology of astrocytic processes powerfully shapes the spatio‐temporal properties of Ca2+ signals and promotes local Ca2+ activity. The model predicts that this effect is attenuated upon astrocytic swelling, hallmark of brain diseases, which we confirm experimentally in hypo‐osmotic conditions. Upon repeated neurotransmitter release events, the model predicts that swelling hinders astrocytic signal propagation. Overall, this study highlights the influence of the complex morphology of astrocytes at the nanoscale and its remodeling in pathological conditions on neuron‐astrocyte communication at so‐called tripartite synapses, where astrocytic processes come into close contact with pre‐ and postsynaptic structures.
Enabling Green Digital Transformation through a Sustainable Systems Engineering Leadership Model
Authors: Kroculick Joseph B. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDigital transformation initiatives are seeking to apply technology to connect people through technology. Sustainable use of technology as part of digital transformation is almost an afterthought. Furthermore, a literature search suggests a gap in applying an overarching system engineering process (SEP) to achieving sustainable digital transformations. This paper contributes a definition of Sustainable Systems Engineering Leadership (SustSEL) to influenced green digital transformation derived from a systems thinking model (STM) that uses cultural considerations and environmental challenges to feed team learning. Because leadership pathways are being codified into system models that are accessible by cross‐functional teams, there is an opportunity for systems engineering leaders to use information technology to improve communications and collaboration.
Datasheet: where is requirements engineering gone? A case in Benchmarking Mobile Robotics
Authors: Brisacier‐Porchon Lorraine , Hammami Omar 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe lifecycle of a system is extended from its early conception to its retirement of service. The lifespan of Unmanned Ground Vehicles (UGVs) can be expected to last over 50 years in the defence market. In this context, the rising complexity of UGV systems imposes engineering steps that would ensure both capabilities of the system and resilience to its future inclusion in a system‐of‐system context. During its operational usage, the UGV is supposed to be manoeuvred for specifically designed purposes following user manual datasheet of the components off‐the‐shelf (COTS) that were integrated. This paper exposes the public user datasheet relevance compared to the system engineering requirements that are the artefacts of system design architecture. The use of connecting COTS user manual to system requirements is discussed, all the more if the systems are to be re‐used in a system production line.
Integrating Reliability in Conceptual Design Trade‐Off Analysis: A look at the Literature
Authors: Barker Tevari J. , Parnell Gregory S. , Pohl Edward A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis research focuses on developing models to estimate the system reliability of Unmanned Ground Vehicles using knowledge and data from similar systems. Reliability is often a stand‐alone requirement and not always fully included in performance and life cycle cost models. Traditional reliability approaches require detailed knowledge of a system and are used in later design sta ges as well as development, operational test and evaluation, and operations. The critical role of reliability and its impact on acquisition program performance, cost, and schedule motivates the need for improved system reliability models in the early design stages. This research seeks to integrate reliability, performance, and cost models in a trade‐off analysis framework in the early acquisition stages. This research uses functional analysis methods to estimate reliability Pre‐Milestone A and assess the impact of reliability on performance and cost models of early system concepts. This research us es technology readiness level (TRL), which is indexed, to assess different levels of reliability for design. An integrated cost and performance model will inform decision ‐makers on the impact of reliability before choosing a system concept for further development.
LncRNA FOXD3‐AS1 aggravates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury by inactivating the Redd1/AKT/GSK3β/Nrf2 signaling pathway via the miR‐128/TXNIP axis
Authors: Chen Baozeng , Zheng Lingling , Zhu Teng , Jiao Kai 
Published: September 2022

AbstractLong noncoding RNA forkhead box D3‐antisense RNA 1 (FOXD3‐AS1) is associated with cardiovascular diseases, but its roles in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury and the related signaling pathway have not been fully reported. We aimed to investigate the roles and mechanism of action of FOXD3‐AS1 in myocardial I/R injury. An in vivo myocardial I/R injury mouse model and an in vitro hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) cardiomyocyte model was established. Quantitative reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, and immunofluorescent assays were performed to examine the expression levels of FOXD3‐AS1, microRNA (miR)‐128, thioredoxin‐interacting protein/regulation of development and DNA damage response 1/protein kinase B/glycogen synthase kinase 3β/nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2 (TXNIP/Redd1/AKT/GSK3β/Nrf2) pathway‐related proteins and apoptosis‐related proteins. The interactions between FOXD3‐AS1 and miR‐128 and miR‐128 and TXNIP were analyzed by Spearman's correlation test, predicted by ENCORI, and verified by dual‐luciferase reporter assay. In addition, the levels of cardiac injury markers and oxidative stress markers were evaluated by corresponding kits. Cell Counting Kit‐8 assays and flow cytometry were performed to assess cell viability and apoptosis. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was applied to observe the effect of FOXD3‐AS1 on the morphology of myocardial I/R injured tissues. The results showed that the FOXD3‐AS1 and TXNIP were highly expressed, whereas miR‐128 was expressed at low levels in I/R myocardial tissues and H/R‐induced H9c2 cells. FOXD3‐AS1 directly targeted miR‐128 to reduce its expression. TXNIP was confirmed as a downstream target of miR‐128. Knockdown of FOXD3‐AS1 led to the alleviation of I/R injury in vivo and in vitro. FOXD3‐AS1 enhanced the expression of TXNIP by sponging miR‐128, which inhibited the Redd1/AKT/GSK3β/Nrf2 pathway. Both inhibition of miR‐128 and overexpression of TXNIP reversed the cardioprotective effect of FOXD3‐AS1 small interfering RNA in H/R‐induced H9c2 cells.
Analysis of genotype–phenotype correlation in patients with α‐thalassemia from Fujian province, Southeastern China
Authors: Pan Yali , Chen Meihuan , Zhang YanHong , Zhang Min , Chen Lingji , Lin Na , Xu Liangpu , Huang Hailong 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundThere is a high carrying rate of α‐thalassemia in Fujian province. However, there are few large‐scale studies on the correlation between genotype and phenotype in Fujian province. The purpose of this study was to analyze the phenotype and genotype in a cohort of 2923 patients with α‐thalassemia in Fujian province, so as to provide reference data for screening and diagnosis of α‐thalassemia in Fujian province.MethodsThe genotype of α‐thalassemia was detected by PCR reverse dot blot assay, gap‐PCR, single PCR, nested PCR, and sequencing. Clinical and hematological indices of 2923 patients were collected, and the correlation between genotype and phenotype was analyzed.ResultsAmong 10,350 patients, 2923 cases were found with α‐thalassemia, with a detection rate of 28.24%. Among them, ‐‐SEA/αα was the most common genotype, accounting for 64.80%. In addition, rare α‐thalassemia genotypes were detected in Fujian province, including ‐‐THAI/αα (0.41%), HKαα/‐‐SEA (0.03%), and the novel α‐thalassemia gene mutation CD5 (GCC>ACC) (HGVS named HBA1: c.16G>A) (0.03%). Patients with deletional genotypes of α‐thalassemia were found to have higher RBC and lower Hb, MCV, MCH, and HbA2 than patients with non‐deletional genotypes of α‐thalassemia (p < 0.05).ConclusionThe clinical phenotype of α‐thalassemia is influenced by molecular mechanisms. HBA1: c.16G>A mutation is a novel mutation that was first reported in Fujian province, which enriches the human hemoglobin mutation spectrum.
Differential recruitment of monocyte‐derived macrophages in control and stellate cell‐depleted mice during recurrent carbon tetrachloride‐induced acute liver injury
Authors: Sharma Akanksha , Kudira Ramesh , Wang Jiang , Miethke Alexander , Gandhi Chandrashekhar R. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractLiver depleted of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) is resistant to ischemia/reperfusion‐, concanavalin A‐, and acetaminophen‐induced acute injury. Whether HSCs regulate carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)‐induced acute liver injury is not known. CCl4 treatment damages pericentral hepatocytes that express CCl4‐metabolizing Cyp2E1 and activates HSCs. We investigated whether HSC‐depletion in mice transgenic for thymidine kinase under the glial fibrillary acidic protein promoter (GFAP‐TK‐Tg) confers resistance to injury and inflammation due to CCl4 rechallenge. GFAP‐TK‐Tg or wild type (WT) mice were administered 0.16 ml/kg CCl4 (3× at 3 days intervals), then 40 μg/g/day ganciclovir for 10 days. The treatment depletes ~70%–75% HSCs from GFAP‐TK‐Tg but not WT mice while the liver recovers from earlier CCl4‐induced injury. Mice were then administered CCl4, and liver injury and inflammation were determined at 24 h. HSC‐depleted and HSC‐sufficient mice showed similar CCl4‐induced hepatocyte necrosis and oxidative stress. However, increase in F4/80+ macrophages, but not CD68+ cells, was greater in CCl4 rechallenged HSC‐depleted compared to HSC‐sufficient mice. Expression of tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), CCL2, and CXCL1 increased similarly, whereas increase in interleukin‐6 (IL6), IL1β, and IL10 expression was higher in CCl4 rechallenged HSC‐depleted compared to HSC‐sufficient mice. CCl4 rechallenge of HSC‐sufficient mice rapidly activated HSCs causing significant fibrosis with increased expression of Col1a1, transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1), tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases 1 (TIMP1); increase in TIPM1 was much lower and metalloproteinases 13 (MMP13) greater in CCl4 rechallenged HSC‐depleted mice. Interestingly, hepatic recruitment of both profibrogenic (Ly6Chi) and antifibrogenic restorative (Ly6Clo) macrophages, and neutrophils was significantly greater in CCl4 rechallenged HSC‐depleted mice. These data suggest that CCl4 directly damages hepatocytes but HSCs regulate inflammation. Rapid fibrogenesis in CCl4 rechallenged HSC‐sufficient mice recovered from earlier injury indicates that even transiently activated HSCs that had reverted to the quiescent phenotype remain primed to become reactivated.
Towards sustainable separation and recovery of dichloromethane and methanol azeotropic mixture through process design, control, and intensification
Authors: Kong Zong Yang , Yang Ao , Segovia‐Hernández Juan Gabriel , Putranto Aditya , Sunarso Jaka 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundHere we analysed the possibility of improving the sustainability performance for the recovery of dichloromethane and methanol from a binary azeotropic mixture using different energy‐intensified extractive distillation‐based processes: side‐stream extractive distillation (SSED), thermally coupled extractive distillation (TCED), and extractive dividing wall column (EDWC). The sustainability performance of the different processes was analysed based on three main factors: total annual cost (TAC), CO2 emissions, and condition number.ResultsThe EDWC was found to give the best improvement in terms of TAC and CO2 emissions by about 18% and 21%, relative to conventional extractive distillation (CED). These however were traded‐off by the increase in conditional number (CN) by 186 times, signifying a complex dynamic characteristic for the EDWC. Thus, the SSED was suggested as an alternative sustainable option as it also provides significant improvement in TAC and CO2 emissions by about 11%, and 18% with respect to the CED, whilst providing the least reduction in operational controllability, as evidenced by the marginal increase in the CN of about 1.5 times. We also investigated the dynamic performance of the SSED and found that the SSED provides identical dynamic performance in handling both ±10% throughput and ±5% feed composition disturbances as those of the CED.ConclusionAmong the different processes, SSED is the best sustainable alternative that provides compromised steady‐state (i.e. TAC and CO2 emissions) and dynamic (i.e. control) performance for the recovery of dichloromethane and methanol. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Perspectives of people living with HIV‐1 on implementation of long‐acting cabotegravir plus rilpivirine in US healthcare settings: results from the CUSTOMIZE hybrid III implementation‐effectiveness study
Authors: Garris Cindy P. , Czarnogorski Maggie , Dalessandro Marybeth , D'Amico Ronald , Nwafor Toyin , Williams Will , Merrill Deanna , Wang YuanYuan , Stassek Larissa , Wohlfeiler Michael B. , Sinclair Gary I. , Mena Leandro A. , Thedinger Blair , Flamm Jason A. , Benson Paul , Spreen William R. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIntroductionThe CUSTOMIZE hybrid III implementation‐effectiveness study evaluated implementation of once‐monthly long‐acting (LA) cabotegravir + rilpivirine in diverse US healthcare settings. Here, we report patient participant perspectives after 12 months in CUSTOMIZE.MethodsCUSTOMIZE was a phase IIIb, 12‐month study conducted from July 2019 to October 2020 at eight diverse US HIV clinics that enrolled virologically suppressed people living with HIV‐1 (PLHIV) on a stable oral regimen to receive monthly cabotegravir + rilpivirine LA injections after a 1‐month oral lead‐in. Participants were administered quantitative surveys before injections at months 1 (baseline), 4 and 12. A randomly selected subset of participants was interviewed at baseline and month 12. Data collection at month 12 was completed by October 2020 (during the COVID‐19 pandemic).ResultsAt baseline, 109 and 34 participants completed surveys and interviews, respectively; 87% were male; 35% were Black or African American. All participants who remained in the study at month 12 (n = 102) maintained HIV‐1 RNA <50 copies/ml; two participants withdrew due to injection‐related reasons. Mean total scores measuring acceptability and appropriateness of cabotegravir + rilpivirine LA were high at baseline (4.5–4.6 out of 5) and month 12 (4.7–4.9). At month 12, 74% of participants reported nothing interfered with receiving LA injections; injection pain or soreness was the most common concern (15%). Time spent in the clinic and coming to the clinic for monthly injections was very or extremely acceptable after 12 months for most participants (93% and 87%, respectively), with 64% reporting having spent ≤30 minutes in the clinic for injection visits. At month 12, 92% of participants preferred LA injections to daily oral tablets (3%); 97% plan to continue LA treatment going forward. In month 12 interviews, 24 (77%) of 31 participants reported the COVID‐19 pandemic did not impact their ability to receive treatment.ConclusionsOnce‐monthly cabotegravir + rilpivirine LA was highly acceptable among PLHIV who were virologically suppressed on a stable antiretroviral regimen and interested in trying LA therapy, with few participants reporting challenges receiving LA injections. Implementation data from CUSTOMIZE suggest that monthly LA injections provide a convenient and appealing treatment option for PLHIV.
‘We help them, and they help us’: Reciprocity and relationality in Chinese aid to Africa
Authors: Rudyak Marina 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis paper applies Marcel Mauss'Gift Theoryin conjunction with Qin Yaqing'sRelational Theoryto Chinese foreign aid. It proposed that this approach allows to conceptualise Chinese aid to Africa as a continuous gift cycle initiated in Bandung and has been going uninterrupted till today. The paper argues through the language of reciprocity and relationality, Chinasymbolicallyaffords the recipientstatusin a way that Northern aid does not. Therealexisting power asymmetries between China and Africa do not per se translate into unlimited influence as China can never be sure of reciprocity and is obliged to keep giving continuously.
#CoreCosmeticSpecialties: An analysis of nonsurgical cosmetic procedure hashtags on Instagram
Authors: Murray Taryn N. , Guo Emily L. , Friedman Paul M. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectivesIn this study, we seek to characterize both the account credentials and content type for posts among the most popular nonsurgical cosmetic procedure hashtags on Instagram.MethodsTwenty‐five hashtags related to nonsurgical cosmetic procedures were identified with over 250,000 posts each, ranging from 256,000 to 12.1 million posts per hashtag. The first 10 posts displayed under the “Top” section for each hashtag within Instagram, as sorted by Instagram's proprietary algorithm, were analyzed for account type and content type. Posts unrelated to the cosmetic procedure or with non‐English captions were excluded. In total, 680 posts were queried with 250 posts meeting the inclusion criteria.ResultsContent creators included nonphysician providers (68%), core cosmetic physicians (12%), noncore cosmetic physicians (8%), and consumers or others (13%). Content type included before and after (45%), self‐promotional (23%), educational (17%), personal (5%), entertainment (5%), and promotional (5%). Among the different content creator types, core cosmetic physicians had the largest proportion of educational content at 38%.ConclusionsHigh‐quality educational content on Instagram from core cosmetic specialties is scarce. By increasing their presence on Instagram, core cosmetic physicians can provide patient education, counteract misinformation, and raise awareness on training and qualifications regarding nonsurgical cosmetic procedures.
Traces of some weighted function spaces and related non‐standard real interpolation of Besov spaces
Authors: Besoy Blanca F. , Haroske Dorothee D. , Triebel Hans 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe study traces of weighted Triebel–Lizorkin spaces on hyperplanes , where the weight is of Muckenhoupt type. We concentrate on the example weight when , , and otherwise, where . Here we use some refined atomic decomposition argument as well as an appropriate wavelet representation in corresponding (unweighted) Besov spaces. The second main outcome is the description of the real interpolation space , , , , sufficiently large, , . Apart from the case the question seems to be open for many years. Based on our first result we can now quickly solve this long‐standing problem. Here we benefit from some very recent finding of Besoy, Cobos and Triebel.
Task‐based validation and application of a scanner‐specific CT simulator using an anthropomorphic phantom
Authors: Shankar Sachin S. , Felice Nicholas , Hoffman Eric A. , Atha Jarron , Sieren Jessica C. , Samei Ehsan , Abadi Ehsan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundQuantitative analysis of computed tomography (CT) images traditionally utilizes real patient data that can pose challenges with replicability, efficiency, and radiation exposure. Instead, virtual imaging trials (VITs) can overcome these hurdles through computer simulations of models of patients and imaging systems. DukeSim is a scanner‐specific CT imaging simulator that has previously been validated with simple cylindrical phantoms, but not with anthropomorphic conditions and clinically relevant measurements.PurposeTo validate a scanner‐specific CT simulator (DukeSim) for the assessment of lung imaging biomarkers under clinically relevant conditions across multiple scanners using an anthropomorphic chest phantom, and to demonstrate the utility of virtual trials by studying the effects or radiation dose and reconstruction kernels on the lung imaging quantifications.MethodsAn anthropomorphic chest phantom with customized tube inserts was imaged with two commercial scanners (Siemens Force and Siemens Flash) at 28 dose and reconstruction conditions. A computational version of the chest phantom was used with a scanner‐specific CT simulator (DukeSim) to simulate virtual images corresponding to the settings of the real acquisitions. Lung imaging biomarkers were computed from both real and simulated CT images and quantitatively compared across all imaging conditions. The VIT framework was further utilized to investigate the effects of radiation dose (20–300 mAs) and reconstruction settings (Qr32f, Qr40f, and Qr69f reconstruction kernels using ADMIRE strength 3) on the accuracy of lung imaging biomarkers, compared against the ground‐truth values modeled in the computational chest phantom.ResultsThe simulated CT images matched closely the real images for both scanners and all imaging conditions qualitatively and quantitatively, with the average biomarker percent error of 3.51% (range 0.002%–18.91%). The VIT study showed that sharper reconstruction kernels had lower accuracy with errors in mean lung HU of 84–94 HU, lung volume of 797–3785 cm3, and lung mass of −800 to 1751 g. Lower tube currents had the lower accuracy with errors in mean lung HU of 6–84 HU, lung volume of 66–3785 cm3, and lung mass of 170–1751 g. Other imaging biomarkers were consistent under the studied reconstruction settings and tube currents.ConclusionWe comprehensively evaluated the realism of DukeSim in an anthropomorphic setup across a diverse range of imaging conditions. This study paves the way toward utilizing VITs more reliably for conducting medical imaging experiments that are not practical using actual patient images.
The unexpected activist: Catholic women who donate to pro‐choice causes
Authors: O'Connor Heather A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSocial identity informs philanthropic behavior. Prior research demonstrates that donors are more likely to support individuals and groups with whom they identify. Yet individuals hold multiple social identities simultaneously. At times, these identities may be experienced as incongruent. This grounded theory study examines how the presence of incongruent identities informs philanthropic behavior by considering the experiences of Catholic women who identify as pro‐choice donors and activists. Semi‐structured interviews explore how participants' religious beliefs and practices influence their pro‐choice philanthropy and vice versa. Findings reveal a common process that participants shared in their development from children raised in conservative, pro‐life Catholic households to adults identifying as Catholic pro‐choice donors and activists. The identified process extends research into social identity in donor decision‐making while illustrating implications for practice by organizations representing controversial causes.