bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of ethanol on GluN1/GluN2A and GluN1/GluN2B NMDA receptor‐ion channel gating kinetics
Authors: Peoples Robert W. , Ren Hong 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate receptor (NMDAR) is a major molecular target of alcohol action in the central nervous system, yet many aspects of alcohol's modulation of the activity of this ion channel remain unclear. We and others have shown that ethanol inhibition of NMDAR involves alterations in gating, especially a reduction in mean open time. However, a full description of ethanol's effects on NMDAR kinetics, including fitting them to a kinetic model, has not been reported.MethodsTo determine ethanol's effects on NMDAR kinetics, we used steady‐state single‐channel recording in outside‐out patches from HEK‐293 cells transfected with recombinant GluN1/GluN2A or GluN1/GluN2B NMDAR subunits. Very low glutamate concentrations were used to isolate individual activations of the receptor.ResultsIn both subunit types, ethanol, at approximate whole‐cell IC50 values (156 mM, GluN2A; 150 mM, GluN2B), reduced open probability (po) by approximately 50% and decreased mean open time without changing the frequency of opening. Open and shut time distributions exhibited two and five components, respectively; ethanol selectively decreased the time constant and relative proportion of the longer open time component. In the GluN2A subunit, ethanol increased the time constants of all but the longest shut time components, whereas in the GluN2B subunit, shut times were unchanged by ethanol. Fitting of bursts of openings (representing individual activations of the receptor) to the gating portion of a kinetic model revealed that ethanol altered two rates: the rate associated with activation of the GluN2A or GluN2B subunit, and the rate associated with the closing of the longer of the two open states.ConclusionsThese results demonstrate that ethanol selectively alters individual kinetic rates and thus appears to selectively affect distinct conformational transitions involved in NMDAR gating.
Basal cell carcinomas of the scalp after radiotherapy for tinea capitis: Clinicopathological study in a case series of 96 patients with analysis of 427 tumours
Authors: Cardoso José Carlos , Alves Francisca , Calado Rebeca , Batista Mariana , Carreira Isabel Marques , Tellechea Oscar 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackground/ObjectivesLow‐dose X‐ray radiotherapy to treat tinea capitis during childhood is a well‐known risk factor for scalp basal cell carcinomas (BCCs). Post‐radiotherapy BCCs are often multiple, and it has been suggested that they display more aggressive features. Our main objective was to study the clinicopathological aspects of post‐radiotherapy BCCs to evaluate their biological behaviour and identify features that may differ from other BCCs.MethodsWe performed an observational, retrospective study assessing multiple clinical and pathological characteristics of patients with post‐radiotherapy BCCs.ResultsWe studied 96 patients with 427 post‐radiotherapy scalp BCCs. Post‐radiotherapy BCCs were often multiple (median of 4 lesions/patient, ranging from 1 to 54). Significant comorbidities included a high incidence of thyroid disease and meningiomas. Recurrences were observed in 23% of patients, but there may be confounding factors, such as referral bias, heterogenous treatment modalities and occurrence of new tumours due to field effect. We found a high incidence of infundibulocystic BCCs (in 14.6% of patients and corresponding to 5.4% of the total number of tumours), trichoblastomas (5.2%) and neurofibromas of the scalp (10%).ConclusionsThis study is consistent with the occurrence of multiple lesions (sometimes numerous) and a relatively high tendency for recurrence in post‐radiotherapy BCCs, as suggested by previous studies. We also found a high incidence of the infundibulocystic variant and a higher risk of follicular tumours and neurofibromas, which suggests that radiotherapy may influence the type of differentiation of BCCs and contribute to induce neoplasms of different cell lines.
Risk factors associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes and postpartum exacerbation in women with myasthenia gravis
Authors: Zhou Qian , Yin Weifan , Zhu Jiahao , Duan Weiwei , Li Yi , Jin Wanlin , Yang Huan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractProblemMyasthenia gravis (MG), an autoimmune neuromuscular disease affecting women of childbearing age, exerts an impact on pregnancy, and vice versa. The purposes of the study were to evaluate adverse pregnancy outcomes and postpartum exacerbation in a cohort of Asian MG women, and to explore the predictors for these outcomes.Methods of StudyThirty‐seven MG pregnancies of 33 women followed in Xiangya and the second Xiangya hospitals between January 2012 and January 2022, were included in this study. Baseline maternal data, maternal complications, and neonatal outcomes were extracted from medical records. MG courses were evaluated during pregnancy and postpartum 1 year.ResultsIn 5.4% of cases, MG exacerbation was reported during gestation, mostly in the third trimester, and in 38.9% in the postpartum period. Maternal complications were measured in 59.5% of women, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) taking the lead (29.7%) followed by premature rupture of membranes (PROMs) (18.9%). Transient neonatal MG (TNMG) and hyperbilirubinemia (HB) were seen in 24.3% of newborns. Body mass index (BMI) was the only independent predictor for maternal obstetric complications (p = .017), while thyroid disorders for GDM (p = .006). Younger mothers tended to give birth to babies with TNMG (p = .015). Primipara was the only risk factor for HB (p = .015). Higher gestational BMI gain (GBG) (p = .049) and without thyroid disorder (p = .017) were independent risk factors for puerperal exacerbation. Activated partial thromboplastin time and thyroid‐stimulating hormone levels could be reliable to predict puerperal exacerbation.ConclusionsMost MG patients have unaffected courses during pregnancy but face a higher rate of maternal and fetal complications. Risk factors identified in our study aid the management of pregnancy in MG women.
PCI for acute myocardial infarction in patients with a pre‐existing LVAD, does it improve survival?
Authors: Warner Eric D. , Ullah Waqas , Farber Jason , Brailovsky Yevgeniy , Vishnevsky Alec , Tchantchaleishvili Vakhtang , Alvarez Rene J. , Rajapreyar Indranee N. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundIt is well established that percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is a life‐saving procedure for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in the general population and is guideline‐recommended for both STEMI and NSTEMI. There is little literature regarding its use in patients with a pre‐implanted Left Ventricular Assist Device (LVAD).MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed data from the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) Database to select all US adult patients (>18 years) with an LVAD diagnosed with an AMI divided into two groups; those who received PCI during the hospitalization and those who did not.ResultsA total of 3722 LVAD patients with AMI were identified, of these 17% of patients received PCI and 83% did not. After propensity matching of LVAD patients with AMI, there were 626 patients who received PCI and 623 who did not. Of patients receiving PCI, 37.5% had a STEMI while 29.7% of patients who did not receive PCI had STEMI. Rates of kidney injury (36.5% vs. 43.3%, OR 0.75, 95% CI 0.60–0.94, p = 0.016), sepsis (3.2% vs. 11.4%, OR 0.26, 95% CI 0.15–0.43, p < 0.001), cardiogenic shock (44.1% vs. 50.4%, OR 0.78, 95% CI 0.62–0.97, p = 0.03) and mortality (17.4% vs. 28.9%, OR 0.52, 95% CI 0.40–0.68, p < 0.001) were all better for patients receiving PCI. Vascular complications (1.4% vs. 0%, p = 0.008) and intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) (1.6% vs. 0, p = 0.004) were both more common in the group receiving PCI.ConclusionsIn this study, patients supported by LVAD with AMI had an elevated risk of mortality compared to generally accepted mortality rates of patients without LVAD. In this analysis PCI was associated with a decreased risk of mortality, cardiogenic shock, and kidney injury while increasing the risk for vascular complications and intracranial hemorrhage.
A democratic learning process: When young children under 12 years of age in child welfare services express their wishes for participation
Authors: Törrönen Maritta , Kalliola Susanna , Paaso Sari‐Anne 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis study examined the opinions of 116 Finnish children (mainly aged under 12 years), who were child welfare clients in 2021 regarding how their voices and needs should be heard and met by employees of this system. An abductive thematic analysis revealed that the nature of their participation is connected to Amartya Sen's capability approach. Children considered their rights and capabilities, the possibility to make choices and being safeguarded as important. We found that encounters with employees introduced young children to how society views them and how they can impact the course of their own lives.
A deep learning framework for time series classification using normal cloud representation and convolutional neural network optimization
Authors: Hssayni El houssaine , Joudar Nour‐Eddine , Ettaouil Mohamed 
Published: October 2022

AbstractTime Series Classification (TSC) started getting a lot of attention recently, mostly due to the important real‐world applications of time series such as in the financial industry. In this context, various approaches have been proposed to treat this important and challenging problem in data mining. These approaches include deep learning models that are outperformed the traditional classification techniques. However, the choice of an optimal and efficient deep neural network for TSC is still a major problem. Motivated by this challenge, we propose in this paper, an optimized deep learning framework for TSC tasks, using normal cloud representation and convolutional neural networks optimization (NCR‐CNNO). Our approach consists of two phases: In the first one, we convert the raw time series to a matrix of characteristics using two‐dimensional normal cloud representation. In the second phase, we suggest a CNN to handle the matrix generated in the first phase, as well as, an optimization model is proposed to optimize the unnecessary and redundant parameters. Experiments conducted on extensive time series datasets demonstrate that NCR‐CNNO yields significant improvement in the performance of time series classification compared to the state of the art.
Diversity of global fisheries governance: Types and contexts
Authors: Spijkers Jessica , Mackay Mary , Turner Jemma , McNeill Asha , Travaille Kendra , Wilcox Chris 
Published: October 2022

AbstractFisheries governance systems designed to regulate fishing are often described as being highly diverse across countries. However, there is little systematic work that directly examines and describes the (dis)similarities across such systems, and how socio‐political and economic contexts drive such variation at a global scale. In this paper, we use 68 indicators from a novel dataset to examine the fisheries governance systems in place to constrain overfishing in national waters across 142 countries. We found that countries cluster in just two distinct governance groups which display different traits to constrain overfishing. Where one group takes a tougher stance on aspects regarding access to its fisheries resources, the other is more focused on gathering fisheries information and publicizing the data. The 10 greatest differences between groups relate to the gathering of information and monitoring of their fisheries, the effectiveness of compliance systems and the existence of policies around sustainability. On these key differences, one group consistently displays more far‐reaching governance traits. The overall governance capacity of a country and the national socio‐economic importance of fisheries are identified as potential drivers of this variation. Despite their differences, the two groups show substantial overlap for many indicators, particularly those that are inexpensive, but also for certain costly policies. These patterns prompt hypotheses of policy transfer or convergence across fisheries governance systems, most notably regarding ‘low‐hanging fruit’ policies.
Parenting experiences of single fathers: A meta‐synthesis
Authors: Shorey Shefaly , Pereira Travis Lanz‐Brian 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSingle‐parent families led by fathers are an increasing demographic globally, Furthermore, single fatherhood is associated with poorer self‐reported health and mental health, lifestyle practices and habits, increased health complications, psychological symptoms, hospital admissions, and higher mortality. However, there is still a dearth of evidence exploring single fathers' experiences. A systematic review and meta‐synthesis were conducted using Sandelowski and Barroso's approach. Six electronic databases were searched from each database's inception to December 2021, and 34 studies were included in this review. In total, six themes were synthesized: (i) “Doing it alone”: Double the work, stress, and tears; (ii) Beyond ambivalence and towards stability, (iii) Walking into the lion's den; (iv) Education as a foundation for a better future; (v) “Single but not alone”: Support systems; (vi) “Reconceptualising my predicament”: Double the love and growth. Our findings suggest the need to: help fathers better navigate their relationships with their children and ex‐partners, increased awareness and availability of parent‐teaching and support programs, and reform guidelines and policies to enable greater participation and involvement of fathers in future judicial systems, and social and public assistance services.
Gender equality reform and police organizations: A social justice approach
Authors: Keddie Amanda 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAttention to gender equality in paramilitary organizations such as policing has increased in recent times following numerous reports identifying high levels of sex discrimination, sexual harassment, and predatory behavior. It is well recognized that gender inequality will not be addressed without transforming the hierarchical and masculinized cultures of policing organizations. Less well recognized is the significance of situating and aligning gender equality reforms within a broader focus on organizational justice. This article illustrates this significance through reviewing key literature in the space of gender equality and policing and organizational justice and policing. It examines the ways in which gender equality reform has been approached in policing organizations with the aim of highlighting the possibilities and problematics of female‐focused approaches and broader social justice approaches. The article's contribution is theoretical. It utilizes the social justice theorizing of Nancy Fraser to enrich insights from the organizational justice, gender equality, and policing literature to articulate a productive and comprehensive approach to addressing gender and other forms of injustice within policing organizations.
Synthesis of (Fe,Cr)2O3 solid solution pigment powders for ink application
Authors: Paborji Fatemeh , Afarani Mahdi Shafiee , Arabi Amir Masoud , Ghahari Mehdi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIron chromite pigment was synthesized via solution combustion using iron(III) nitrate nonahydrate and chromium(III) nitrate nonahydrate as starting materials, and glycine, urea, citric acid, and ethylene glycol as fuels. The effect of postheating temperature on the structure, microstructure, and chromatic properties of the synthesized powders was also studied. X‐ray diffraction patterns showed that the as‐synthesized powders were amorphous to crystalline FeCr2O4 phases, depending on fuel type. Moreover, regardless of the fuel type, postheating led to the d‐space shift and oxidation and formation of (Fe,Cr)2O3 solid solution. Phase transformation of FeCr2O4 to (Fe,Cr)2O3 solid solution was observed at 500/750°C depending on the dominant phase present in the as‐synthesized particles. Fourier transform infrared analysis illustrated a shift in the band position of octahedral M–O and tetrahedral M–O bonds due to the movement of Fe cations and the lattice shrinkage by increasing the postheating temperature. Moreover, scanning electron micrographs showed that Fe0.7Cr1.3O3 semispherical fine particles consisted mainly of porous and spongy FeCr2O4 particles due to the oxidation and phase transformation during postheating. According to chromatic measurements, the ink prepared by using the powders synthesized in the presence of glycine and post‐heated at 500°C showed reddish‐brown color which could be considered a promising candidate for tile decoration application. Furthermore, rheology studies revealed that the prepared ink showed non‐Newtonian shear thinning behavior.
Beta Vulgaris root as a natural food colouring in doughnut: Dough rheological properties and bioactive composition
Authors: Ashwath Kumar K , Vanitha T , Sudha ML , Meena Kumari P , Vijayanand P , Prabhasankar P 
Published: October 2022

SummaryIn the present study, the influence of Beta vulgaris root powder (BVP) incorporated at 0%, 5%, 7.5%, 10% and 12.5% levels on the empirical and fundamental rheological characteristics; dough texture properties; nutritional and bioactive components in the doughnut were carried out. The addition of BVP, decreased the WAC (58.4%–51.2%), DDT (6.19–1.31 min), extensibility (148–95 mm), and springiness (4.56–3.24 N) and viscosity parameters to varying extent. The frequency sweep test indicated that both the dynamic moduli increased and G' was higher than G" at all levels indicating the solid elastic structure of the dough. The dimensional characteristics of the doughnuts indicated a decrease in volume (103.3–85 mL) and an increase in weight (35.8–46.7 g) and compression force (11.6–14.5 N). The sensory studies indicated that 10% BVP incorporated doughnut was highly acceptable with higher dietary fibre content. The higher retention of betacyanin (17.88 mg 100 g−1), betaxanthin (12.9 mg 100 g−1), betanin (6.61 mg 100 g−1), TPC (25.74 mg GAE 100 g−1), TFC (77.08 mg QE 100 g−1) and TAC (28.76 mMTE 100 g−1) was observed.
Identification of potential lncRNA‐miRNA‐mRNA regulatory network contributing to aldosterone‐producing adenoma
Authors: Bao Minghui , Li Haotong , Li Jianping 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAldosterone‐producing adenoma (APA) is a common cause of secondary hypertension. This study aimed to explore the lncRNA‐miRNA‐mRNA competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network to uncover molecular mechanism underlying APA. The mRNA and lncRNA expression data of APA and adjacent adrenal gland (AAG) from GSE60044, GSE64957 and GSE101894 were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database to analyse differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and lncRNAs (DElncs). Hub genes were identified by robust rank aggregation (RRA) and protein–protein interaction (PPI) network analysis. The miRcode and miRWalk network tools were used to construct the ceRNA network. 1526 upregulated and 1512 downregulated DEGs were identified, which are mainly enriched in extracellular matrix and Ca2+‐related GO terms. In the KEGG pathway analysis, Ca2+ signalling and the aldosterone synthesis and secretion pathways were enriched. ceRNA network included 2 lncRNAs, 9 miRNAs, and 13 mRNAs. The lncRNAs are MEG3 and LINC00115. The mRNAs included CCND1, TP53, GPRC5B, BMI1, COMMD3‐BMI1, ADAMTS15, STAT3, MMP2, SCN2B, CXCL12, HGF, FOS, and THBS1. Overall, this study conducted a ceRNA regulatory network analysis and identified that 2 lncRNAs and 13 mRNAs may contribute to the development of APA. These findings may provide novel diagnostic and intervention targets for APA.
Advances in seed oil extraction using ultrasound assisted technology: A comprehensive review
Authors: Junaid Pir Mohmmad , Dar Aamir Hussain , Dash Kshirod Kumar , Ghosh Tabli , Shams Rafeeya , Khan Shafat Ahmad , Singh Anurag , Pandey Vinay Kumar , Nayik Gulzar Ahmad , Bhagya Raj Gurajala Venkata Siva 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe application of ultrasonic assisted extraction to extract seed oils for multifaceted food applications is discussed in this study. Seed oils, which are notable sources of health‐promoting characteristics and reservoirs of fatty acids and phytochemicals, are being targeted for effective extraction. Conventional techniques of oil extraction, including mechanical pressing and rendering, have limitations such as low extraction rate, high energy consumption, and low yield. In this context, ultrasonic assisted extraction is green and fast oil extraction technology with a greater extraction rate and low energy consumption. Ultrasound assisted oil extraction is mostly used technique since it is environmentally friendly and can be easily integrated with other extraction processes. Ultrasound‐aided extraction uses less solvent than traditional extraction methods. In this process, cavitation bubbles form in the solvent and burst, causing changes in pressure and temperature that expedite the mass transfer of solutes into solvent. The miscella, including the solvent and oil mixture, is then desolventized using evaporators, followed by steam‐stripping to remove the extracted oil. The current review paper discusses the characteristics of ultrasonic extractions for efficient oil extraction (extraction duration, ultrasound frequency, temperature, solvent employed, and ultrasound type). The conventional and non‐conventional oil extraction methods from sources have been examined in this article, in addition to the ultrasound assisted extraction. Along with traditional and advanced oil extraction techniques, the use of ultrasonication in conjunction with other cutting‐edge techniques is covered in this article.Practical applicationsUltrasound assisted oil extraction extracts oil from vegetables, oilseeds, and nuts by using a suitable carrier. The key parameters influencing ultrasound aided extraction of oilseed include particle shape and size, moisture content of seed, amount of solvent, and extraction time/temperature. The ultimate extraction yield is influenced by the extraction time, operating frequency, operational temperature, solvent type, and proportion, and ultrasonicator design. This technique consumes less energy and requires less maintenance. It is quite efficient and reliable. On this basis, ultrasound aided extraction may be utilized commercially to increase oil extraction rate from oil seeds.