bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Race/Ethnicity Predicts School Meal Participation
Authors: Spruance Lori A. , Vo Tien 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDSchool meals have demonstrated positive effects on dietary habits of children and adolescents, yet opportunities to increase participation exist. Little is known about how participation differs by race/ethnicity or by acculturation levels, thus this study aims to identify acculturation and race/ethnicity on school meal participation of middle school students.METHODSA national convenience sample of adolescents (n = 617) was recruited to participate in a survey about acculturation and obesogenic behaviors through a Qualtrics panel. Data were analyzed in SAS version 9.4 where 2 logistic regression models were built to examine associations between school meal participation and other salient variables.RESULTSMore than a quarter (26.2%) of participants indicated they eat school lunch daily and 17.4% eat school breakfast daily. In a multivariable model, race/ethnicity, preference for school meals, taste, convenience, cost, and parent influence were all significantly related to daily school lunch participation. Race/ethnicity, time lived outside of the United States, healthiness of school meals, preference of school meals, taste, and cost were significantly related to daily school breakfast participation.CONCLUSIONSThis study establishes differences in participation rates by race/ethnicities and other factors. Child nutrition professionals should consider students from minoritized populations to understand their lack of participation, particularly because these students likely have poorer diets compared to whites. Additional factors should be considered for increasing participation, including cost, taste, and perceived healthiness.
Controls on determining the bulk water content of the Moon
Authors: Mallik Ananya , Schwinger Sabrina , Roy Arkadeep , Moitra Pranabendu 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe Moon is much wetter than previously thought. The estimated bulk H2O concentrations based on the analyses of H2O in lunar materials show a wide range from 5 to 1650 ppm. To better constrain bulk H2O in the lunar magma ocean (LMO), we model LMO crystallization and vary DH (concentration of H2O in LMO mineral/concentration of H2O in melt), interstitial melt fraction, and initial LMO depth. We take the highest and lowest values of DH reported in the literature for the LMO minerals. We assess the bulk H2O content required in the initial magma ocean to satisfy two observational constraints: (1) H2O measured in plagioclase grains from ferroan anorthosites and (2) crustal mass from GRAIL. We find that the initial bulk LMO H2O that best explains the H2O content in crustal plagioclase is strongly dependent on DH rather than interstitial melt fractions or initial LMO depths, with a drier magma ocean (10 ppm H2O) being favored with higher DH and a wetter magma ocean (100–1000 ppm H2O) with lower DH. This underscores the importance of constraining DH specific to lunar conditions in future studies. We also demonstrate that crustal mass is not an effective hygrometer.
Nutritional content and quality of processed foods and beverages advertised near schools in three cities in the north of Spain
Authors: Fernandez‐Alvarez Maria del Mar , Zabaleta‐del‐Olmo Edurne , Cachero‐Rodríguez Judit , Martin‐Payo Rubén 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe advertisement of food and beverages on television and social media has been widely assessed, evidencing its powerful influence on children's dietary patterns and the development of childhood obesity. However, there is a gap in the evidence about advertisements near schools. The aim of this study was to describe and classify the nutritional quality and information of processed foods and alcoholic and non‐alcoholic beverages advertised near schools in three cities in the north of Spain. A descriptive analysis was performed from September to December 2021 in the cities of Oviedo, Gijón and Avilés in the Principality of Asturias (Spain). The nutritional quality and information of processed foods or beverages advertised within a 500 m radius of schools were assessed. The Nutri‐Score system was used for the classification of the nutritional quality of products and nutritional information, calories, fat, saturated fat, carbohydrates, sugars, protein and salt in 100 g or ml of each product was calculated. A total of 73.5% of the products were classified as “foods to eat less often and in small amounts,” and 22.6% and 46.3% were classified as D or E, respectively, according to the Nutri‐Score system. Finally, 57.5%, 56.4% and 78.5% of the products showed a medium to high content of fat, saturated fat and sugar, respectively. In conclusion, the food and drink advertisements surrounding schools in the assessed cities promote many products of low nutritional value, rich in fat, saturated fat and sugars, which have high obesogenic potential.
Exposing othering in nursing education praxis
Authors: Nye Caitlin M. , Canales Mary K. , Somayaji Darryl 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis paper defines and analyzes the processes of “othering” as they manifest in the practice and praxis of nursing education. Othering is bound up in the establishment and reinforcement of norms, and shores up power inequities that negatively impact faculty, students, and patients. While previous analyses have addressed othering in nursing more broadly, this paper adds a consideration of the multiple processes of othering that operate within the context of nursing education spaces. Cases from recent nursing education literature are interpreted through the frameworks of exclusionary, inclusionary, and structural othering, and provide specific illustrations of the concepts described. The paper concludes by arguing for an application of norm‐critical pedagogical practice to counteract, disrupt and dismantle othering processes within nursing education.
Impact of antegrade enema initiation on healthcare utilization in pediatric patients: A population‐based cohort study
Authors: Gould Michelle J. , Marcon Margaret A. , Nguyen Geoffrey C. , Benchimol Eric I. , Moineddin Rahim , Swayze Sarah , Kopp Alexander , Ratcliffe Elyanne M. , Merritt Neil , Davidson Jacob , Langer Jacob C. , Mistry Niraj , Lorenzo Armando J. , Temple Michael , Walsh Catharine M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundWhen constipation is refractory to first‐line interventions, antegrade enema use may be considered. We aimed to assess the impact of this intervention on healthcare utilization.MethodsWe conducted a population‐based, quasi‐experimental study with pre–post comparison of the intervention group and a non‐equivalent control group using linked clinical and health administrative data from Ontario, Canada. Subjects included children (0–18 years) who underwent antegrade enema initiation from 2007 to 2020 and matched controls (4:1) from the general population. To assess the change in healthcare utilization following antegrade enema initiation, we used negative binomial generalized estimating equations with covariates selected a priori.Key ResultsOne hundred thirty‐eight subjects met eligibility criteria (appendicostomy = 55 (39.9%); cecostomy tube = 83 (60.1%)) and were matched to 550 controls. There was no significant difference in the change in the rate of hospitalizations (rate ratio (RR) 1.05, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.35–1.75), outpatient visits (RR 1.05, 95% CI 0.91–1.18), or same‐day surgical procedures (RR 1.51, 95% CI 0.60–2.43) across cases in 2 years following antegrade enema initiation compared with controls. Cases had an increased rate of emergency department (ED) visits, which was not observed in controls (RR 1.52, 95% CI 1.11–1.79), driven in part by device‐related complications.Conclusions and InferencesUnderstanding healthcare utilization patterns following antegrade enema initiation allows for effective health system planning and aids medical decision‐making. The observed increase in ED visits for device‐related complications speaks to the need to improve preventive management to help mitigate emergency care after initiation of antegrade enemas.
Light acclimation interacts with thylakoid ion transport to govern the dynamics of photosynthesis in Arabidopsis
Authors: von Bismarck Thekla , Korkmaz Kübra , Ruß Jeremy , Skurk Kira , Kaiser Elias , Correa Galvis Viviana , Cruz Jeffrey A. , Strand Deserah D. , Köhl Karin , Eirich Jürgen , Finkemeier Iris , Jahns Peter , Kramer David M. , Armbruster Ute 
Published: November 2022

Summary

Understanding photosynthesis in natural, dynamic light environments requires knowledge of long‐term acclimation, short‐term responses, and their mechanistic interactions. To approach the latter, we systematically determined and characterized light‐environmental effects on thylakoid ion transport‐mediated short‐term responses during light fluctuations.

For this, Arabidopsis thaliana wild‐type and mutants of the Cl− channel VCCN1 and the K+ exchange antiporter KEA3 were grown under eight different light environments and characterized for photosynthesis‐associated parameters and factors in steady state and during light fluctuations. For a detailed characterization of selected light conditions, we monitored ion flux dynamics at unprecedented high temporal resolution by a modified spectroscopy approach.

Our analyses reveal that daily light intensity sculpts photosynthetic capacity as a main acclimatory driver with positive and negative effects on the function of KEA3 and VCCN1 during high‐light phases, respectively. Fluctuations in light intensity boost the accumulation of the photoprotective pigment zeaxanthin (Zx). We show that KEA3 suppresses Zx accumulation during the day, which together with its direct proton transport activity accelerates photosynthetic transition to lower light intensities.

In summary, both light‐environment factors, intensity and variability, modulate the function of thylakoid ion transport in dynamic photosynthesis with distinct effects on lumen pH, Zx accumulation, photoprotection, and photosynthetic efficiency.
The relationship between baseline axial length and axial elongation in myopic children undergoing orthokeratology
Authors: Lin Weiping , Li Na , Lu Kunpeng , Li Zhaochun , Zhuo Xiaohua , Wei Ruihua 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPurposeTo investigate the correlation between the baseline axial length (AL) and axial elongation in myopes undergoing orthokeratology (ortho‐k).MethodsThis was a retrospective study. During the 1‐year follow‐up, 1176 children (aged 8–14 years) were included and divided into an ortho‐k group (n = 588) and a single‐vision spectacle group (n = 588). The ortho‐k group participants (8–11 years of age) who completed the 3‐year follow‐up (n = 150) were further divided into three subgroups stratified by their baseline AL: subgroup 1 (AL < 24.5 mm), subgroup 2 (24.5 ≤ AL < 26 mm) and subgroup 3 (AL ≥ 26 mm). AL was measured at baseline and during the annual visit.ResultsThe ortho‐k group exhibited slower 1‐year axial elongation (39% reduction) than the spectacle group. The 1‐year axial elongation was negatively correlated with initial age in both groups. A negative association between 1‐year axial elongation and baseline AL was observed in the ortho‐k group but not in the spectacle group. However, this relationship only existed in ortho‐k participants 8–11 years of age. For the younger ortho‐k participants who completed the 3‐year follow‐up, the annual axial elongation was significantly higher in subgroup 1 for the first and second years but not in the third year compared with subgroups 2 and 3.ConclusionAxial elongation was negatively correlated with baseline AL in the ortho‐k group. Children aged 8–11 years with longer baseline AL (≥24.5 mm) demonstrated slower annual axial elongation during the first 2 years of ortho‐k treatment, which may provide insight into establishing individual guidelines for controlling myopia using ortho‐k in children with different baseline characteristics.
Grass pollen exposure is associated with higher readmission rates for pediatric asthma
Authors: Batra Mehak , Dharmage Shyamali C. , Newbigin Edward , Tang Mimi , Abramson Michael J. , Erbas Bircan , Vicendese Don 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundPediatric asthma hospital readmission is a burden on the individual and costly for Australian hospitals. Grass pollen's role, a known trigger for asthma admissions, is unexamined in readmissions. We examined the association between grass pollen and pediatric asthma readmission.MethodsThe Victorian Admitted Episodes Dataset was used to identify all primary admissions with a principal diagnosis of asthma in children aged 2–18 years between 1997 and 2009. Readmissions were defined as subsequent admissions within 28 days of index admission discharge. Generalized additive models were used to assess associations between readmission, grass pollen season, and daily grass pollen counts, lagged and cumulative. Models were further stratified by sex and age group.ResultsMean daily readmission was higher during grass pollen season than other times of the year, incidence rate ratio (IRR) 1.44 (95% CI, 1.03, 2.02) and for children aged 2–5 years, IRR 1.99 (1.26, 3.14). Same day grass pollen was nonlinearly associated with daily readmission for the 13–18 age group between 110 and 256 grains/m3, p < .01. Lag 2 grass pollen was nonlinearly associated with daily readmissions overall (p = .03), boys (p = .01), and younger age groups 2–5 (p = .02) and 6–12 (p < .001).ConclusionsGrass pollen exposure was associated with higher readmission rates for pediatric asthma. Treatment plans prior to discharge could be implemented to reduce the likelihood of readmission by younger children during the pollen season.
Upgrading the genome of an elite japonica rice variety Kongyu 131 for lodging resistance improvement
Authors: Wang Chen , Feng Xiaomin , Yuan Qingbo , Lin Kangxue , Zhang Xiaohui , Yan Li , Nan Jianzong , Zhang Wenqi , Wang Rongsheng , Wang Lihong , Xue Qian , Yang Xiaowen , Liu Zhixia , Lin Shaoyang 
Published: November 2022

SummaryDeveloping a new rice variety requires tremendous efforts and years of input. To improve the defect traits of the excellent varieties becomes more cost and time efficient than breeding a completely new variety. Kongyu 131 is a high‐performing japonica variety with early maturity, high yield, wide adaptability and cold resistance, but the poor‐lodging resistance hinders the industrial production of Kongyu 131 in the Northeastern China. In this study, we attempted to improve the lodging resistance of Kongyu 131 from perspectives of both gene and trait. On the one hand, by QTL analysis and fine mapping we discovered the candidate gene loci. The following CRISPR/Cas9 and transgenic complementation study confirmed that Sd1 dominated the lodging resistance and favourable allele was mined for precise introduction and improvement. On the other hand, the Sd1 allelic variant was identified in Kongyu 131 by sequence alignment, then introduced another excellent allelic variation by backcrossing. Then, the two new resulting Kongyu 131 went through the field evaluation under different environments, planting densities and nitrogen fertilizer conditions. The results showed that the plant height of upgraded Kongyu 131 was 17%–26% lower than Kongyu 131 without penalty in yield. This study demonstrated a precise and targeted way to update the rice genome and upgrade the elite rice varieties by improving only a few gene defects from the perspective of breeding.
Clinical approach to acute cellular rejection from the pediatric heart transplant society
Authors: Bansal Neha , Everitt Melanie D. , Nandi Deipanjan , Spinner Joseph , Conway Jennifer , Magnetta Defne A. , Profita Elizabeth L. , Townsend Madeleine , Alejos Juan Carlos , Deshpande Shriprasad R. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundEarly detection of cardiac allograft rejection is crucial for post‐transplant graft survival. Despite the progress made in immunosuppression strategies, acute cellular rejection remains a serious complication during and after the first post‐transplant year, and there is a continued lack of consensus regarding its treatment, especially in pediatric transplant patients.MethodsAn open request was placed via the listserv to the membership of the Pediatric Heart Transplant Society (PHTS). Along with a broad literature search, numerous institutional protocols were pooled, analyzed and consolidated. A clinical approach document was generated highlighting areas of consensus and practice variation.ResultsThe clinical approach document divides cellular rejection by International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation grades and provides management strategies for each, including persistent cellular rejection.ConclusionsCellular rejection treatment can be tailored to the clinical status, graft function, and the grade of cellular rejection. A case of mild and asymptomatic rejection may not require treatment, whereas a higher‐grade rejection or rejection with graft dysfunction or hemodynamic compromise may require aggressive intravenous therapies, changes to maintenance immunosuppression therapy and augmented surveillance.
Data‐driven collusion and competition in a pricing duopoly with multinomial logit demand
Authors: Loots Thomas , denBoer Arnoud V. 
Published: November 2022

We consider dynamic pricing and demand learning in a duopoly with multinomial logit demand, both from the perspective where firms compete against each other and from the perspective where firms aim to collude to increase revenues. We show that joint‐revenue maximization is not always beneficial to both firms compared to the Nash equilibrium, and show that several other axiomatic notions of collusion can be constructed that are always beneficial to both firms and a threat to consumer welfare. Next, we construct a price algorithm and prove that it learns to charge supra‐competitive prices if deployed by both firms, and learns to respond optimally against a class of competitive algorithms. Our algorithm includes a mechanism to infer demand observations from the competitor's price path, so that our algorithm can operate in a setting where prices are public but demand is private information. Our work contributes to the understanding of well‐performing price policies in a competitive multi‐agent setting, and shows that collusion by algorithms is possible and deserves the attention of lawmakers and competition policy regulators.
Molecular analysis of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) isolates from healthy food‐producing animals and humans with diarrhoea
Authors: Beraldo Livia Gerbasi , Borges Clarissa Araújo , Maluta Renato Pariz , Cardozo Marita Vedovelli , de Ávila Fernando Antônio 
Published: November 2022

AbstractEnteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) is a pathogen associated with acute diarrhoea in humans. To determine whether EPEC isolated from healthy food‐producing animals possesses the same virulence gene repertoire as EPEC isolated from human with diarrhoea, we compared six typical EPEC (tEPEC) and 20 atypical EPEC (aEPEC) from humans with diarrhoea and 42 aEPEC from healthy animals (swine, sheep and buffaloes), using pulsed‐field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), virulence markers, serotyping and subtyping of eae and tir genes. We found that human and animal isolates shared virulence genes, including nleB, nleE and nleF, which were associated with human diarrhoea. Serogroups and serotypes identified in isolates of food‐producing animals such as O26:H11, O128:H2, O76:H7, O103, O108, O111 and O145, have previously been implicated in human disease. The subtypes eae and tir were also shared between human and animal isolates, being eae‐γ1 and eae‐β1 the most prevalent in both groups, while the most common tir subtypes were α and β. Despite PFGE analysis demonstrating that EPEC strains are heterogeneous and there was no prevalent clone identified, EPEC isolated from humans and food‐producing animals shared some characteristics, such as virulence genes associated with human diarrhoea, indicating that food‐producing animals could play a role as reservoirs for those genes.
Emergency Repair of a P-381 River Water Supply Line at a Refinery in Belle Chasse, LA
Authors: Larsen Mike , Engindeniz Murat 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
A refinery in Belle Chasse, LA had a leak on a 30 in. (0.76 m) cement mortar lined and coated river water supply line in a pipe rack 40 ft (12 m) in the air. The water supply line was a P-381 Pretensioned Pipe. An attempt to wrap the line externally with a bi-directional glass FRP system was completed by others during a turnaround but the wrap failed when put under pressure, which created an emergency for the Belle Chasse Refinery. The refinery was interested in other options and this failure was a top priority to repair in place or it would have delayed startup.
The P-381 water supply line had two locations that needed to be addressed. One location had spalled mortar in the coating exposing the steel cylinder and reinforced bar, the other location had a sizeable hole/breach in the pipe and the existing wrap was drooping down from the breach, the wrap had delaminated from the host pipe.
Attendees will learn more about this emergency repair, which had to be completed within seven (7) days including step by step construction procedures that were used for this repair: Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) technology including design considerations, design methodology and the QA/QC process.
Metabolic Flexibility During Exercise in Children with Overweight/Obesity Versus Children who are Lean
Authors: Dykstra Brandon , Kuszmaul Dillon , Mahon Anthony D. 
Published: November 2022

Purpose: This study examined metabolic flexibility with respect to fat metabolism during exercise in children who are lean (n=11; 10.9[0.9] y) and overweight/obese (OW/OB; n=9; 10.3[1.2] y). Method: Participants were grouped based on body mass index percentiles for age and sex. Groups were mixed in age and sex. Participants completed two 20-minute exercise bouts on a cycle ergometer, separated by a 10-minute rest. Bout 1 consisted of 10 minutes at 50% VO2peak and 10 minutes at 75% VO2peak. Bout 2 was 20 minutes at 50% VO2peak. Absolute fat oxidation rate (FOR), FOR relative to body mass, FOR relative to fat-free mass, and proportional fat use were measured at 10 minutes of bout 1 and 5, 10, 15, and 20 minutes of bout 2. Results: Absolute FOR was higher in the OW/OB group (range: 117.8 [55.1]–206.2 [48.3] mg·min−1) than in the lean group (81.1 [32.2]–152.2 [38.2] mg·min−1); however, there were no significant main effects for group or significant interactions for proportional fat use, FOR relative to body mass, or FOR relative to fat-free mass. Conclusion: Children in this age range who are overweight/obese do not display impaired metabolic flexibility with respect to fat metabolism during exercise.