bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is sacral nerve modulation reprogramming effective after permanent implantation for faecal incontinence?
Authors: Desprez Charlotte , Grange Audrey , Gourcerol Guillaume , Deperrois Alexis , Garçonnet Oriane , Leroux Clémence , Mosni Grégory , Poux Laurence , Breemeersch Justine , Goblot Cécile , Kepka Sébastien , Ruillon Julie , Vannier Margot , Bridoux Valérie , Leroi Anne‐Marie 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAimSacral nerve modulation (SNM) is recommended as a first‐line surgical therapy for patients with faecal incontinence (FI). During patient follow‐up, it is recommended that stimulation settings be reprogrammed to optimize patient outcomes. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of stimulator reprogramming in patients with an implanted SNM device to treat FI.MethodThe data from patients who received a permanent SNM implant in a single centre from January 2008 to December 2019 were retrospectively analysed. Symptoms that occurred after implantation, the stimulator settings of the SNM device and changes made at each follow‐up visit were noted. The efficacy of reprogramming was determined by assessing patient satisfaction.ResultsOf the 117 patients (male/female 4/113; mean age 59.5 ± 11.8 years) with a SNM implant for FI, 84 (72%) had at least one symptom requiring reprogramming of the stimulator, most often during the first year after implantation (p = 0.05). The most frequently reported symptoms were loss of efficacy (68.5%; p = 1 × 10−3) and pain (20.5%; p = 1 × 10−3). Reprogramming was effective 53% of the time when treating loss of efficacy and 76% of the time when treating pain. When the stimulation parameters were reprogrammed at least four consecutive times to correct a symptom, the reprogramming was less effective in treating the symptom (p = 0.02).ConclusionRegular follow‐up of patients with SNM device implants associated with reprogramming of stimulation parameters to improve the treatment of reported symptoms would optimize the efficacy of SNM.
Laparoscopic ovarian transposition in teenage and young women with locally advanced rectal cancer: Respite amidst cancer chaos
Authors: Shylasree Thumkur S. , Singh Pooja , Kazi Mufaddal , Gupta Stuti , Engineer Reena , Patil Prachi S. , DeSouza Ashwin , Saklani Avanish 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAimOvarian transposition is an established surgical technique to salvage ovaries in premenopausal women requiring pelvic radiation. The success rate of ovarian transposition varies widely depending on the route, technique of surgery, type of cancer and treatment. Here, we aimed to analyse the effectiveness of laparoscopic ovarian transposition (LOT) in teenage and young women prior to pelvic radiation in locally advanced rectal cancers (LARC).MethodsPatients who underwent LOT for rectal cancers were retrieved from a prospectively maintained database from June 2013–September 2019. Disease characteristics, return of menstrual function and oncological outcomes were analysed.ResultsA total of 46 women with a mean age of 25.2 years who underwent LOT at the cancer centre were included in the study. Seventy percent were nulliparous. All patients were fit for discharge by 24 h. Mean time to start radiation was 19.6 days (range 3–47 days). Median follow‐up of patients was 42 months. A total of 41 patients were assessable for ovarian function, 65.5% had resumption of menses. Median ovarian survival was 79 months and 5‐year ovarian survival was 54%. Median overall survival from rectal cancer was 51 months.ConclusionLaparoscopic ovarian transposition is a safe and effective technique of ovarian protection from the gonadotoxic effects of pelvic radiation in LARC. It does not delay primary treatment and does not compromise oncological outcomes. Long‐term follow‐up is required to evaluate fertility and quality of life.
Robotic abdominal resection of tailgut cysts – A technical note with step‐by‐step description
Authors: Solís‐Peña Alejandro , Ngu Lena W. S. , Kraft Carré Miquel , Gomez Jurado María José , Vallribera Valls Francesc , Pellino Gianluca , Espin‐Basany Eloy 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAimHere, we describe a step‐by‐step standardized technique for tailgut cyst resection using a single‐docking robotic approach.MethodEach step of the technique is illustrated using a composite collection of four operative patient videos to demonstrate the advantages and feasibility of this technique. The robot platform utilised is Da Vinci Xi.ResultsFive female patients have undergone this operation in our unit. The size of tumours ranged from 12 to 45 mm. Median operating time was 100 min (range 90–150). Mean blood loss in all the patients was less than 50 ml. There were no major intraoperative complications. One patient had a postoperative presacral collection which required radiological drainage. Length of stay in all patients was one day.ConclusionsThis technique using a single‐docking robotic approach appears safe and feasible. The robotic approach results in improved dexterity and more accurate dissection, better retraction and excellent vision which improves the ease of operating in the pelvis. Therefore, this approach can be replicated for use in a wide variety of patients with tailgut cysts.
Safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of single and multiple topical ophthalmic administration of imatinib mesylate in healthy subjects
Authors: Na Joo Young , Huh Ki Young , Yu Kyung‐Sang , Hyon Joon Young , Koo Hye Cheong , Lee Jong Ho , You Ji Chang , Chung Jae‐Yong 
Published: February 2022

AbstractFor the long‐term efficacy of dry eye disease treatment, relieving underlying inflammation is necessary. Imatinib mesylate is a novel ophthalmic formulation of imatinib mesylate, which is expected to alleviate inflammation by inhibiting the discoidin domain receptor 1 activity. This study aims to evaluate the safety and pharmacokinetics of imatinib mesylate in healthy subjects. A randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled study was conducted. In a single ascending dose, 16 subjects received a single eye drop of imatinib mesylate 0.1%, 0.3%, or matching placebo. In the multiple ascending dose (MAD), subjects received multiple eye drops of imatinib mesylate 0.1%, 0.3%, or matching placebo once daily for 7 days. Safety and tolerability were assessed by ophthalmic examination, including the visual analog scale (VAS) to monitor the burning sensation in the eyes. A total of four treatment‐emergent adverse events (TEAEs) occurred during the study. All TEAEs were mildly severe with no serious cases. VAS results in the 0.1% MAD group exhibited highest score of two points, whereas it was less than one point in others. Insignificant difference between the imatinib mesylate and placebo groups in the VAS results was seen. After a single dose administration of imatinib mesylate 0.1%, all plasma concentrations were below the lower limit of quantification. The peak plasma concentrations of imatinib were less than 0.54 µg/L in all groups. In conclusion, a single and multiple topical ophthalmic administration of imatinib mesylate was well‐tolerated in healthy subjects. Because there was minimal systemic exposure to imatinib, the adverse effect in the body seems to be insignificant.
Anomalous right ventricular muscle bands obstructing a large apical muscular ventricular septal defect: From fetal to post‐natal three‐dimensional assessment
Authors: Farruggio Silvia , Caruso Elio 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAnomalous right ventricle muscle bands and apical ventricular septal defect are two anomalies sometimes associated. We report a fetal diagnosis of a large apical ventricular septal defect, right intraventricular obstruction caused by anomalous muscle bands; consequently, the high right intraventricular pressure resulted in a right‐to‐left bulging of ventricular septum and moderate tricuspid regurgitation. Postnatal echocardiogram confirmed the fetal diagnosis and defined accurately the right ventricular anatomy through the three‐dimensional echocardiographic assessment.
Assessment model blending formative and summative assessments using the SOLO taxonomy
Authors: Svensäter Gunnel , Rohlin Madeleine 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIntroductionFormative assessment with emphasis on feedback has been linked to developmental purposes of assessment, whilst summative assessment is assumed to focus on judgemental and quality assurance purposes. This dichotomy is questioned but designs to blend formative and summative assessments in constructive ways are rare in health care education.Materials and MethodsWe have designed an assessment model blending formative and summative assessments. In the formative assessment at the end of a course, students’ responses to real‐life scenarios with questions demanding responses at the relational level of understanding were assessed at three levels of understanding (incorrect, descriptive and relational) modified after the SOLO taxonomy. Students were presented with individual feedback for each response. At the summative assessment of a subsequent course, the students’ new responses were assessed underpinning a final judgement of students’ performance. The assessment model was justified across three student cohorts.ResultsBoth formative and summative assessment events of the model provided information about the levels of understanding, unique to each student. A comparison of results from the assessments demonstrated that most responses developed to a higher level of understanding. With the summative assessment, it was possible to make judgements about whether or not individual students passed the pre‐set standards.ConclusionsWe argue that the current assessment model presents real interdependence between formative and summative assessments and can provide information that meets the needs of students as learners, education institutes and health care organisations. The SOLO taxonomy can be used to emphasise the importance of developing and assessing cognitive complexity.
Interacting global change drivers suppress a foundation tree species
Authors: Flory S. Luke , Dillon Whalen , Hiatt Drew 
Published: February 2022

AbstractEcological stress caused by climate change, invasive species and anthropogenic disturbance is driving global environmental change, but how these stressors interact to impact native species are poorly understood. We used a field experiment to test how two stressors (drought and plant invasion byImperata cylindrica) interacted to determine the effects of a third stressor (fire) on a foundation tree species (Pinus palustris). The invasion combined with prolonged drought resulted in shorter trees than invasion alone. The invasion also resulted in 65% greater fuel loads, four times taller flames, greater maximum temperatures and longer heating duration. Consequently, nearly all tree mortality occurred due to a synergistic interaction between the drought + invasion treatment and fire, where invasion caused taller flames that impacted trees that were shorter due to drought. These findings demonstrate that synergy amongst ecological stressors can dramatically impact native species, with significant implications for forecasting the effects of multiple stressors under global change.
Sulfasalazine decreases astrogliosis‐mediated seizure burden
Authors: Alcoreza Oscar , Jagarlamudi Sai , Savoia Andrew , Campbell Susan L. , Sontheimer Harald 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectivePreviously, we reported that inhibition of the astrocytic cystine/glutamate antiporter system xc‐ (SXC), using sulfasalazine (SAS), decreased evoked excitatory signaling in three distinct hyperexcitability models ex vivo. The current study expands on this work by evaluating the in vivo efficacy of SAS in decreasing astrogliosis‐mediated seizure burden seen in the beta‐1 integrin knockout (B1KO) model.MethodsVideo‐EEG (electroencephalography) monitoring (24/7) was obtained using Biopac EEG acquisition hardware and software. EEG spectral analysis was performed using MATLAB. SAS was used at an equivalence of doses taken by Crohn’s disease patients. Whole‐cell patch‐clamp recordings were made from cortical layer 2/3 pyramidal neurons.ResultsWe report that 100% of B1KO mice that underwent 24/7 video‐EEG monitoring developed spontaneous recurrent seizures and that intraperitoneal administration of SAS significantly reduced seizure frequency in B1KOs compared to B1KOs receiving sham saline. Spectral analysis found an acute reduction in EEG power following SAS treatment in B1KOs; however, this effect was not observed in nonepileptic control mice receiving SAS. Finally, whole‐cell recordings from SXC knockout mice had hyperpolarized neurons and SXC‐B1 double knockouts fired significantly less action potentials in response to current injection compared to B1KOs with SXC.SignificanceTo devise effective strategies in finding relief for one‐in‐three patients with epilepsy who experience drug‐resistant epilepsy we must continue to explore the mechanisms regulating glutamate homeostasis. This study explored the efficacy of targeting an astrocytic glutamate antiporter, SXC, as a novel antiepileptic drug (AED) target and further characterized a unique mouse model in which chronic astrogliosis is sufficient to induce spontaneous seizures and epilepsy. These findings may serve as a foundation to further assess the potential for SAS or inform the development of more potent and specific compounds that target SXC as a novel treatment for epilepsy.
The Ecumenical Factor in African Theology and Ecclesiology
Authors: Maluleke Tinyiko 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn addition to the continental and national councils of churches and ecumenical theological institutions, Black and African theologies are some of the most ecumenical initiatives in Africa. This article explores the ecumenical factor in the emergence and the continued flourishing of Black and African theologies. Notably, these theologies have, from their earliest days, endeavoured to include indigenous religions and cultures as well as environmental issues. This essay also outlines a sample of the most prominent types of ecumenical theologies in contemporary Africa, arguing that these theologies are simultaneously the result of an ecumenical outlook and the greatest advocates for ecumenism in Africa.
Propositions on Ecumenicity
Authors: Pedroso Mateus Odair 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe 14 propositions in this article were prepared for the opening session of the international online consultation “Teaching Ecumenism in the Context of World Christianity,” organized in June 2021 by the Ecumenical Institute at Bossey and related programme units in the World Council of Churches. They were drafted as a discussion starter, based on two observations: the first is that the notion of “World Christianity,” in the sense that it is understood in the title of the conference, presupposes a critical reference to the interrelated Eurocentric projects of global modernization and Christianization; the second is the truism that the understanding of ecumenicity and the teaching of ecumenism are interwoven.
A miniaturized thin‐plate low cycle fatigue test method at elevated temperature
Authors: Li Ming , Maskill Shane , Wen Zhixun , Yue Zhufeng , Sun Wei 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis study aims to develop a high‐temperature low cycle fatigue test method using a nonstandard miniature thin‐plate specimen in order to characterize the cyclic viscoplasticity behavior of a component material. For demonstration, fully reversed strain‐range controlled low cycle fatigue and creep‐fatigue tests at 600°C have been performed for a martensitic steel using standard‐sized full‐scale specimens and miniaturized thin‐plate specimens, respectively. Because the displacement is not directly measured from the uniform gauge section of the miniaturized specimen, a geometry‐dependent scaling factor is obtained and used to convert the uniaxial strain. The results obtained are shown that the miniaturized test method developed in this work has exhibited a clear possibility to produce comparable low cycle fatigue data with those that are normally obtained by conventional standard specimen tests.
Haemophilia management and treatment: An Italian survey on patients’, caregivers’ and clinicians’ point of view
Authors: Cortesi Paolo Angelo , Rocino Angiola , Preti Daniele , Fragomeno Anna , Cucuzza Francesco , Ceresi Nicola , Santoro Cristina , Ferretti Antonietta , Fornari Arianna , Antonazzo Ippazio Cosimo , Facchetti Rita , Cozzolino Paolo , Biasoli Chiara , Cassone Cristina , Coppola Antonio , Mantovani Lorenzo G. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIntroduction: Haemophilia management and patients’ quality of life significantly improved. However, data on current patients’, caregivers’ and clinicians’ satisfaction and limitations of treatments and haemophilia management are limited.Aim: Assessing the management satisfaction and unmet needs from the perspective of Italian patients with haemophilia (PWH) without inhibitors (or caregivers if children) and of specialist physicians.Methods: Surveys (for patients≥18 years, caregivers of children and haemophilia specialists) were developed by a multidisciplinary working group and conducted from November 2019 to June 2020.Results: Among 275 participants, 120 (43.6%) were PWH without inhibitors, 79 (28.7%) caregivers and 37 (13.4%) clinicians. Patients and caregivers perceived a higher control of the disease compared to clinicians. However, more than 40% of patients and caregivers reported to feel significantly conditioned by the risk of bleeding during their daily life. PWH reported a 6‐month mean/median (range) of bleeds 2.3/.0 (0‐24) and caregivers 1.3/.0 (0‐16) in children. The treatment burden (frequency of administration) was not satisfactory for more than half adults and caregivers of children treated with prophylaxis. A good access to treatment, haemophilia centres and medical service was reported, with issues associated to the multidisciplinary approach and treatment at emergency department.Conclusions: This large national study provides an updated overview of haemophilia care in Italy from different points of views, highlighting positive aspects and unmet needs. This information can guide future interventions to improve haemophilia management and the assessment of impact of new treatment options.
Considerations for cutaneous physiologic changes of pregnancy that fail to resolve postpartum
Authors: Anzelc Madison J. , Bechtel Mark A. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPregnancy prompts many adaptive and unique physiologic modifications, with cutaneous changes being possibly the most noticeable. These cutaneous changes are of interest to physicians, since they must be diagnosed as anticipated normal physiologic changes or potentially harmful and managed accordingly. Research has been conducted on physiologically normal and abnormal cutaneous manifestations of pregnancy but is lacking in regard to the persistence of these changes after delivery. This prompts the question as to whether these are normal physiologic changes taking longer to resolve, abnormal changes that may have been previously misdiagnosed, or a separate underlying change that is incorrectly attributed to a common dermatosis caused by pregnancy. Some of the conditions that may persist longer than expected during or after pregnancy, and thus require further workup for an underlying condition, include telogen effluvium, severe hirsutism, palmar erythema, and striae. The objective of this review is to focus on these four common cutaneous physiologic changes of pregnancy, and what to consider when they do not resolve as expected.
Impact of oleuropein on rheology and breadmaking performance of wheat doughs, and functional features of bread
Authors: Renoldi Niccolò , Lucci Paolo , Peressini Donatella 
Published: February 2022

SummaryOleuropein (OP) is a polyphenol present in drupes and leaves of olive tree with health benefits and, as antioxidant, potentiality to alter gluten functionality. Effects of OP inclusion to wheat flour (0.01% and 0.02% on flour weight basis) on dough rheology and breadmaking performance, and bread features were investigated. Farinograph, uniaxial extension and shear rheometry (oscillatory and creep‐recovery) were applied. Doughs containing OP were stronger, more elastic, and less sticky indicating the ability of OP to act as flour improver. The strengthening effect of OP on gluten led to the increase in bread volume and softer crumb compared to control. A lower crumb density of bread with the addition of OP was related to a higher in vitro glycaemic response. An increase in the antioxidant capacity of bread made with the phenolic compound was also found.
Effect of oil oxidation on aggregation of wheat gluten–peanut oil complexes during extrusion
Authors: Chen Yu , Liang Ying , Tian Xiaoling , Wang Xiaohua , Liu Hao , Jia Feng , Zhang Xia , Wang Jinshui 
Published: February 2022

SUMMARYTo better understand the aggregation mechanism of wheat gluten–peanut oil complex (WPE), the oxidation properties of peanut oil and wheat gluten at different extrusion temperatures were investigated. With the increase in extrusion temperature from 100 to 180 °C, the total oxidation value of peanut oil in WPE increased from 5.04 ± 0.26 to 10.01 ± 0.87, and the carbonyls content of gluten increased from 21.73 ± 0.62 to 31.43 ± 0.58 nmol mg−1. The results of surface hydrophobicity and carbonyls content indicated that peanut oil could induce gluten oxidation in WPE. The morphology of the extrudates showed that the addition of peanut oil promoted the aggregation of gluten protein. These results enhance our understanding of the interactions between peanut oil and gluten in extrudates and provide a theoretical basis for gluten‐based extrudates with favourable textural properties.