bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Soybean rust detection and disease severity classification by remote sensing
Authors: Negrisoli Matheus Mereb , Negrisoli RaphaelMereb , da Silva FlavioNunes , Lopes Lucasda Silva , Souza Júnior Franciscode Sales de , Velini Edivaldo Domingues , Carbonari Caio Antonio , Rodrigues Sergio Augusto , Raetano Carlos Gilberto 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe detection and monitoring of soybean rust (SBR) through remote sensing is promising because of the importance of the crop and the aspects of the disease. We evaluated the effects of different levels of SBR severity on soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] leaflets reflectance aiming for the construction of a disease classification model. Leaflet reflectance was evaluated on two cultivars (susceptible and partially resistant) at four disease severity levels: healthy, low, moderate, and high. Leaflets were collected in the field and taken to the laboratory for spectral evaluation through the spectrophotometer UV 2700 coupled with Integrating Sphere Attachment ISR‐603, in the range of 270–1000 nm. The feasibility of using a collection of vegetation indices (VIs) and data dimensionality reduction through multiple factor analysis (MFA) was evaluated, and a classification model was constructed. Ten algorithms were assessed based on precision, sensibility, and accuracy parameters, using 80% of the dataset as training data and 20% as testing dataset. The visible range and red edge region contributed more significantly to the disease prediction and classification model. The MFA performed satisfactorily in the dimensionality reduction and unveiled the effect of specific wavelengths on the classification of each class. Most of the VIs studied had high correlation performance across the severity classes. Classification accuracy and precision were >70% for all models. Linear support vector machine with the collection of VIs achieved the best results. This study provides a practical path for developing a detection model to be integrated into SBR management programs.
Networks Underlie Temporal Onset of Dysplasia‐Related Epilepsy: A MELD Study
Authors: Cohen Nathan T. , You Xiaozhen , Krishnamurthy Manu , Sepeta Leigh N. , Zhang Anqing , Oluigbo Chima , Whitehead Matthew T. , Gholipour Taha , Baldeweg Torsten , Wagstyl Konrad , Adler Sophie , Gaillard William D. ,   Multi‐Centre Epilepsy Lesion Detection (MELD) Project
Published: June 2022

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to evaluate if focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) co‐localization to cortical functional networks is associated with the temporal distribution of epilepsy onset in FCD.MethodsInternational (20 center), retrospective cohort from the Multi‐Centre Epilepsy Lesion Detection (MELD) project. Patients included if >3 years old, had 3D pre‐operative T1 magnetic resonance imaging (MRI; 1.5 or 3 T) with radiologic or histopathologic FCD after surgery. Images processed using the MELD protocol, masked with 3D regions‐of‐interest (ROI), and co‐registered to fsaverage_sym (symmetric template). FCDs were then co‐localized to 1 of 7 distributed functional cortical networks. Negative binomial regression evaluated effect of FCD size, network, histology, and sulcal depth on age of epilepsy onset. From this model, predictive age of epilepsy onset was calculated for each network.ResultsThree hundred eighty‐eight patients had median age seizure onset 5 years (interquartile range [IQR] = 3–11 years), median age at pre‐operative scan 18 years (IQR = 11–28 years). FCDs co‐localized to the following networks: limbic (90), default mode (87), somatomotor (65), front parietal control (52), ventral attention (32), dorsal attention (31), and visual (31). Larger lesions were associated with younger age of onset (p = 0.01); age of epilepsy onset was associated with dominant network (p = 0.04) but not sulcal depth or histology. Sensorimotor networks had youngest onset; the limbic network had oldest age of onset (p values <0.05).InterpretationFCD co‐localization to distributed functional cortical networks is associated with age of epilepsy onset: sensory neural networks (somatomotor and visual) with earlier onset, and limbic latest onset. These variations may reflect developmental differences in synaptic/white matter maturation or network activation and may provide a biological basis for age‐dependent epilepsy onset expression. ANN NEUROL 2022;92:503–511
Investigations of quasi‐static indentation properties of 3D printed polyamide/continuous Kevlar/continuous carbon fiber composites
Authors: Wang Kui , Zhu Wanying , Li Shixian , Peng Yong , Ahzi Said 
Published: June 2022

Abstract3D printing technologies are widely used in aerospace, automobile, and other fields due to their rapid manufacture of strong and lightweight products without additional molds and components. However, the relatively low mechanical behaviors of 3D printed composites were due to the weak pristine matrix and the inherent porosity of the fused deposition modeling (FDM) technology. This drawback was compensated by the addition of hybrid continuous fibers for improving the comprehensive and designable characteristics. In addition, the properties of the hybrid composites could be influenced by changing the processing parameters. Therefore, this work aims to study the mechanical properties of designed 3D printed hybrid continuous carbon and Kevlar fibers reinforced polyamide (PA)‐based composites with different fiber layer locations and stacking sequences. The quasi‐static indentation (QSI) tests were conducted to evaluate the mechanical behaviors of the printed composites. The deformation and failure mechanisms of the printed composites were revealed by fractography. Results demonstrated that the printed composites with the middle fiber layer locations showed the highest force value (Fmax) and higher energy absorption capabilities than the printed composites with the fiber layers placed in other locations, which was attributed to the delayed cracking propagation and large delamination, respectively.
Social media engagement and crowdfunding performance: The moderating role of product type and entrepreneurs' characteristics
Authors: Lee Chang Heon , Zhao J. Leon 
Published: June 2022

AbstractEntrepreneurs are showing an increasing focus on understanding and managing their social media strategies to optimize the success of their crowdfunding campaigns. While much of the current crowdfunding literature focuses on the roles of social media engagement in the funding performance of crowdfunded projects, in this study, drawing on social media engagement theory, we examine how product and entrepreneur characteristics moderate the influence of social media engagement on funding performance in the reward‐based crowdfunding. Using a dataset of technology crowdfunded projects, we investigated whether Facebook and Twitter engagements affect funding outcomes and if so, how the two interact with each other and their influences vary by project type (hardware and software) and entrepreneur characteristics (gender, experience, and social capital). We found that both Facebook and Twitter engagements positively affect funding, but the two weaken each other's impact, particularly for hardware products. Additionally, Facebook engagements had a larger effect on funding outcomes in the early days of a campaign driven by its prelaunch efforts, whereas Twitter engagements had a larger impact in later days. Furthermore, our findings indicated that Facebook engagement is more influential for hardware products. An entrepreneur's internal social capital built inside the crowdfunding platform also weakened the effects of Facebook engagements generated outside the platform, whereas Twitter engagements on subsequent funding had less influence on experienced entrepreneurs. Our findings suggest that Facebook mainly serves as a channel to show the significant commitment of entrepreneurs to their projects and increase persuasiveness, while Twitter helps to raise awareness by broadcasting crowdfunding campaigns among potential investors.
Revisiting the therapeutic potential of tocotrienol
Authors: Ranasinghe Ranmali , Mathai Michael , Zulli Anthony 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe therapeutic potential of the tocotrienol group stems from its nutraceutical properties as a dietary supplement. It is largely considered to be safe when consumed at low doses for attenuating pathophysiology as shown by animal models, in vitro assays, and ongoing human trials. Medical researchers and the allied sciences have experimented with tocotrienols for many decades, but its therapeutic potential was limited to adjuvant or concurrent treatment regimens. Recent studies have focused on targeted drug delivery by enhancing the bioavailability through carriers, self‐sustained emulsions, nanoparticles, and ethosomes. Epigenetic modulation and computer remodeling are other means that will help increase chemosensitivity. This review will focus on the systemic intracellular anti‐cancer, antioxidant, and anti‐inflammatory mechanisms that are stimulated and/or regulated by tocotrienols while highlighting its potent therapeutic properties in a diverse group of clinical diseases.
A team‐oriented course development experience in distance education for multidisciplinary engineering design
Authors: Say Bilge , Erden Zuhal , Turhan Cihan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBased on the multidisciplinary needs of today's complex and innovative technology, accreditation bodies of engineering demand proof of multidisciplinary teamwork in undergraduate engineering curricula. This article reports the design and conduct of a Multidisciplinary Engineering Design (MED) course initiated as a result of accreditation process requirements. The course, which consists of multidisciplinary lectures, practice sessions, and various phases of a multidisciplinary team project, was conducted online because of the COVID‐19 pandemic by a multidisciplinary team of instructors using multiple software tools to enhance collaboration. In general, the course outcomes were satisfied under the current design, and several points for further improvement and elaboration were collected via quantitative and qualitative evaluations. Accordingly, the results show that the project‐based and team‐based MED course, in terms of multidisciplinary course management and its outcomes, can benefit from the use of software tools in creating a multidisciplinary team in distance education by means of enhanced cooperation and motivation among the participants.
Expert consensus on the clinical application of antibody‐drug conjugates in the treatment of malignant tumors (2021 edition)
Authors:   Professional Committee on Clinical Research of Oncology Drugs, Chinese Anti‐Cancer Association,   Expert Committee for Monitoring the Clinical Application of Antitumor Drugs,   Breast Cancer Expert Committee of National Cancer Quality Control Center,   Cancer Chemotherapy Quality Control Expert Committee of Beijing Cancer Treatment Quality Control and Improvement Center
Published: June 2022

AbstractAntibody‐drug conjugates (ADCs) are targeted biological agents composed of a cytotoxic drug linked to a monoclonal antibody through a linker. The monoclonal antibody targets tumor cells and transports small‐molecule cytotoxic drugs for specific delivery and minimal off‐target side effects. It is necessary for clinicians to understand the molecular characteristics and mechanisms of ADCs. Patients' survival mainly depends on the appropriate dose and course of treatment and also on proper management of adverse reactions. This consensus provides a systematic review of commercially available ADCs and further discusses the clinical application and management of ADCs.
Mediastinal thymoma in a patient with previous rectal and breast cancers: A report of a case with multiple primary cancers and review of literature
Authors: Mardani Parviz , Fallahi Mohammadmehdi , Kamran Hooman , Shahriarirad Reza , Anbardar Mohammad Hossein , Soleimani Neda 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA 42‐year‐old female patient with intellectual disability was presented to us as a newly diagnosed case of thymoma. She was identified as a case of multiple primary cancers, including adenocarcinoma of the rectum, carcinoma of the breast, and mediastinal thymoma, in a 15‐year period, who underwent chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgical resection.
Atmospheric‐Temperature Chain Reaction towards Ultrathin Non‐Crystal‐Phase Construction for Highly Efficient Water Splitting
Authors: Qiu Yanling , Liu Zhiqiang , Yang Qian , Zhang Xinyue , Liu Jingquan , Liu Mengyao , Bi Tianyi , Ji Xuqiang 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCombining the self‐sacrifice of a highly crystalline substance to design a multistep chain reaction towards ultrathin active‐layer construction for high‐performance water splitting with atmospheric‐temperature conditions and an environmentally benign aqueous environment is extremely intriguing and full of challenges. Here, taking cobalt carbonate hydroxides (CCHs) as the initial crystalline material, we choose the Lewis acid metal salt of Fe(NO3)3 to induce an aqueous‐phase chain reaction generating free CO32− ions with subsequent instant FeCO3 hydrolysis. The resultant ultrathin (∼5 nm) amorphous Fe‐based hydroxide layer on CCH results in considerable activity in catalyzing the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), yielding 10/50 mA ⋅ cm−2 at overpotentials of 230/266.5 mV for OER and 72.5/197.5 mV for HER. The catalysts can operate constantly in 1.0 M KOH over 48 and 45 h for the OER and HER, respectively. For bifunctional catalysis for alkaline electrolyzer assembly, a cell voltage as low as 1.53 V was necessary to yield 10 mA cm−2 (1.7 V at 50 mA cm−2). This work rationally builds high‐efficiency electrochemical bifunctional water‐splitting catalysts and offers a trial in establishing a controllable nanolevel ultrathin lattice disorder layer through an atmospheric‐temperature chemical route.
A Self‐Assembling Flavin for Visible Photooxidation
Authors: Cariello Michele , Dietrich Bart , Thomson Lisa , Gauci Valentina , Boyer Alistair , Sproules Stephen , Cooke Graeme , Seddon Annela , Adams Dave J. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA new flavin‐based gelator is reported which forms micellar structures at high pH and gels at low pH. This flavin can be used for the photooxidation of thiols under visible light, with the catalytic efficiency being linked to the self‐assembled structures present.
Immunity gene IFITM3 variant: Relation to cognition and Alzheimer's disease pathology
Authors: Pyun Jung‐Min , Park Young Ho , Hodges Angela , Jang Jae‐Won , Bice Paula J. , Kim SangYun , Saykin Andrew J. , Nho Kwangsik ,   for the AddNeuroMed Consortium and the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: June 2022

AbstractIntroductionWe investigated single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in IFITM3, an innate immunity gene and modulator of amyloid beta in Alzheimer's disease (AD), for association with cognition and AD biomarkers.MethodsWe used data from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI; N = 1565) and AddNeuroMed (N = 633) as discovery and replication samples, respectively. We performed gene‐based association analysis of SNPs in IFITM3 with cognitive performance and SNP‐based association analysis with cognitive decline and amyloid, tau, and neurodegeneration biomarkers for AD.ResultsGene‐based association analysis showed that IFITM3 was significantly associated with cognitive performance. Particularly, rs10751647 in IFITM3 was associated with less cognitive decline, less amyloid and tau burden, and less brain atrophy in ADNI. The association of rs10751647 with cognitive decline and brain atrophy was replicated in AddNeuroMed.DiscussionThis suggests that rs10751647 in IFITM3 is associated with less vulnerability for cognitive decline and AD biomarkers, providing mechanistic insight regarding involvement of immunity and infection in AD.Highlights
IFITM3 is significantly associated with cognitive performance.
rs10751647 in IFITM3 is associated with cognitive decline rates with replication.
rs10751647 is associated with amyloid beta load, cerebrospinal fluid phosphorylated tau levels, and brain atrophy.
rs10751647 is associated with IFITM3 expression levels in blood and brain.
rs10751647 in IFITM3 is related to less vulnerability to Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis.
Protective effects of chlorogenic acid on isoflurane‐induced cognitive impairment of aged mice
Authors: Chong Hao , Xi Yang , Zhou Yan , Wang Geng 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPostoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is characterized by impairment in cognitive functions in patients following anesthesia and surgery. Chlorogenic acid (CGA) is a plant‐derived compound possessing numerous bioactive properties. The aim of this study was to investigate the therapeutic potential of CGA in isoflurane (ISO)‐induced cognitive dysfunction of aged mice, and further identify the mechanisms involved in the protective effects of CGA. A total of 80 male C57BL/6 mice, 20‐month‐old, were randomly divided into control group, isoflurane group (ISO), and ISO + 30 mg/kg CGA group and ISO + 60 mg/kg CGA. CGA was given orally once daily for 7 days to the mice and they were exposed to ISO (1.5%; 4 h). The open‐field and Morris water maze tests were used to investigate the cognitive function of mice. Pretreatment with CGA significantly attenuated ISO‐induced cognitive impairment. The levels of IL‐1β, TNF‐α, IL‐6, nuclear p65 NF‐kB, cleaved caspase‐3, and Bax were significantly increased, while the levels of IkBα and Bcl‐2 were decreased in the hippocampus 24 h after the ISO anesthesia. All the mentioned effects induced by ISO were reversed by CGA pretreatment. Furthermore, ISO exposure induced marked downregulation of SOD, CAT, HO‐1, and NQO‐1 and elevation of MDA and nuclear translocation of Nrf2 in the hippocampus tissue. All these parameters were reversed by CGA treatment. Importantly, the higher dose of CGA (60 mg/kg) showed a greater neuroprotective effect. In conclusion, these findings suggest that CGA attenuates the ISO‐induced cognitive impairment via its anti‐inflammatory, anti‐oxidative, and anti‐apoptotic properties in aged mice.
Two distinct subtypes of obsessive compulsive disorder revealed by a framework integrating multimodal neuroimaging information
Authors: Han Shaoqiang , Xu Yinhuan , Guo Hui‐Rong , Fang Keke , Wei Yarui , Liu Liang , Cheng Junying , Zhang Yong , Cheng Jingliang 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPatients with obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) exhibit tremendous heterogeneity in structural and functional neuroimaging aberrance. However, most previous studies just focus on group‐level aberrance of a single modality ignoring heterogeneity and multimodal features. On that account, we aimed to uncover OCD subtypes integrating structural and functional neuroimaging features with the help of a multiview learning method and examined multimodal aberrance for each subtype. Ninety‐nine first‐episode untreated patients with OCD and 104 matched healthy controls (HCs) undergoing structural and functional MRI were included in this study. Voxel‐based morphometric and amplitude of low‐frequency fluctuation (ALFF) were adopted to assess gray matter volumes (GMVs) and the spontaneous neuronal fluctuations respectively. Structural/functional distance network was obtained by calculating Euclidean distance between pairs of regional GMVs/ALFF values across patients. Similarity network fusion, one of multiview learning methods capturing shared and complementary information from multimodal data sources, was used to fuse multimodal distance networks into one fused network. Then spectral clustering was adopted to categorize patients into subtypes. As a result, two robust subtypes were identified. These two subtypes presented opposite GMV aberrance and distinct ALFF aberrance compared with HCs while shared indistinguishable clinical and demographic features. In addition, these two subtypes exhibited opposite structure–function difference correlation reflecting distinct adaptive modifications between multimodal aberrance. Altogether, these results uncover two objective subtypes with distinct multimodal aberrance and provide a new insight into taxonomy of OCD.
Potential natural products for the management of autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Sachdeva Punya , Mehdi Intizaar , Kaith Rohit , Ahmad Faizan , Anwar Md Sheeraz 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAutism in a broader sense is a neurodevelopmental disorder, which frequently occurs during early childhood and can last for a lifetime. This condition is primarily defined by difficulties with social engagement, with individuals displaying repetitive and stereotyped behaviors. Numerous neuroanatomical investigations on autistic children have revealed that their brains grow atypically, resulting in atypical neurogenesis, neuronal migration, maturation, differentiation, and degeneration. Special education programs, speech therapy, and occupational therapy have all been used to address autism‐related behavioral problems. While widely prescribed antidepressant drugs, antipsychotics, anticonvulsants, and stimulants have demonstrated response in autistic individuals. However, these medications do not fully reverse the core symptoms associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The adverse reactions of ASD medicines and an increased risk of developing various other problems, such as obesity, dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus, and thyroid disorders, prompted the researchers to investigate herbal medicines for the treatment of autistic individuals. Clinical trials are now being done to establish the efficacy of alternative techniques based on natural substances and to understand better the context in which they may be used to treat autism. This review of literature will look at crucial natural compounds derived from animals and plants that have shown promise as safe and effective autism treatment strategies.
Firm‐level impact of the global financial crisis: Evidence on innovation from Latin America
Authors: Lim King Yoong , Morris Diego 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe long‐term effects of the 2007–2009 Global Financial Crisis on Latin American economies depend on how firms altered their innovation activities in response to this and similar financially initiated shocks. We develop and test a novel theoretical framework that analyses the return to innovation for firms that survived this crisis in Latin America. We use detailed firm‐level data that allows us to understand how firms reacted to the crisis and their subsequent outcomes post‐crisis. We show, subsequent to several robustness checks, that: (i) product and process innovation are strongly correlated with each other over the business cycle; and (ii) although the return to innovation is positive (independent of the business cycle), the return to product innovation may be greater during recessionary periods.