bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of Cure-Reflow Profile and High-Temperature Operation of Additively Printed Conductive Circuits on Performance and Reliability
Authors: Lall Pradeep , Narangaparambil Jinesh , Hill Curtis 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
For many years, traditional rigid PCBs have been utilized in many applications and have been shown to be reliable in a number of applications. There hasn’t been much research on flexible electronics device attachment techniques and process reliability. There has been prior research done on copper sintering using various methodologies, but there is no prediction model to apply the underlying information directly for predicting the performance of the printed electronics. The sintering process determines the electrical performance of printed traces, and it is necessary to comprehend and estimate the resistivity of printed traces. This study developed a regression model based on an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) to predict resistivity. Because flexible substrates allow for more flexibility, it is critical to create a reliable way of attaching components to circuits that can endure various motions. Micro dispensing equipment was employed in this investigation to print conductive traces, an electrically conductive adhesive (ECA), and low-temperature solder (LTS) for component attachment pads. There is little understanding of SMD attachments’ behavior on additively printed flexible substrates, and we examined different aspects of their performance in this study.
Design of Buck Converter With Control System for Electric Vehicle Using SiC Device With Thermal Loss Model
Authors: Gupta Utsav , Vass-Varnai Andras 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In today’s day and age, power electronic components are found in all areas of an electric vehicle, from power train to motors and from battery to ancillary loads. Power converters are used to optimize energy management in an automobile. While doing the electrical design of a power converter, the thermal aspects are usually neglected causing a vast difference in the simulation and real-life application. This paper aims to show how taking thermal characteristics into account for a power converter is beneficial and how it influences the results.
On the Viscoelastic Property Measurement of Filled Polymers by Dynamic Mechanical Analyzer (DMA)
Authors: Phansalkar Sukrut Prashant , Han Bongtae , Akbari Ehsan , Vaitiekunas Paulius 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Dynamic mechanical analyzers (DMA) are routinely practiced in the semiconductor industry to measure the viscoelastic behavior of highly filled thermosetting polymers. The highly filled polymers possess unique challenges in viscoelastic property measurements where set-and-forget style of DMA operation do not always produce the most accurate data due to a large change in modulus over operating and/or manufacturing temperature excursions. This paper discusses the unique challenges associated with the highly filled polymers first and proposes a procedure to determine a proper set of testing parameters.
A Three-Face Utilized Heat Sink Design for 3-D Integrated 75 kVA Intelligent Power Stage (IPS)
Authors: Mirza Abdul Basit , Xu Xiaoqiang , Emon Asif Imran , Luo Fang , Chen Shikui 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This paper proposes a three-face utilized heat sink design for a 3-D integrated SiC-based 75 kVA Intelligent Power Stage (IPS). The structure enables maximum utilization of the heat sink where all three faces of the heat sink are utilized to hold the power devices. For loss estimation from power devices, Model Based Optimization (MBO), an efficiency calculation algorithm, is developed to estimate power loss at 75 kVA for the IPS, which needs to be dissipated efficiently by the heat sink. Further for simplified and cost-effective heat sink fabrication, cylindrical holes are considered to replace conventional fins. A parametric analysis is performed using SOLIDWORKS to determine optimum number of holes for efficient heat spreading and airflow. The simulation results show that heat sink based on cylindrical holes is effective in keeping the MOSFET die temperature under 120 °C in continuous operation, with 35% reduction heat sink volume compared with the conventional single-sided cooled design.
Topology Optimization of Heat Sink for 3d Integrated Power Converters
Authors: Xu Xiaoqiang , Mirza Abdul Basit , Gao Lingfeng , Luo Fang , Chen Shikui 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This paper proposes a density-based topology optimization scheme to design a heat sink for the application of a 3D integrated SIC-based 75 kVA Intelligent Power Stage (IPS). The heat sink design considers the heat conduction and convection effects with forced air cooling. The objective function is to minimize the thermal compliance of the whole structure. A volume constraint is imposed to reduce the overall volume of the designed heat sink to make it conformal to the underlying power devices. Some numerical techniques like filtering and projection schemes are employed to render a crisp design. Some 2D benchmarks examples are first provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. Then a 3D heat sink, especially designed for the 3D IPS, is topologically optimized. The classic tree-like structure is reproduced to reinforce the convection effect. Some comparisons with the intuitive baseline designs are made through numerical simulation. The optimized heat sinks are shown to provide a more efficient cooling performance for the 3D integrated power converter assembly.
Absenteeism in primary health centres in Nigeria: leveraging power, politics and kinship
Authors: Odii Aloysius , Onwujekwe Obinna , Hutchinson Eleanor , Agwu Prince , Orjiakor Charles Tochukwu , Ogbozor Pamela , Roy Pallavi , McKee Martin , Balabanova Dina 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundPrimary health centres (PHCs) in Nigeria suffer critical shortages of health workers, aggravated by chronic absenteeism that has been attributed to insufficient resources to govern the system and adequately meet their welfare needs. However, the political drivers of this phenomenon are rarely considered. We have asked how political power and networks influence absenteeism in the Nigerian health sector, information that can inform the development of holistic solutions.MethodsData were obtained from in-depth interviews with three health administrators, 30 health workers and 6 health facility committee chairmen in 15 PHCs in Enugu State, Nigeria. Our analysis explored how political configurations and the resulting distribution of power influence absenteeism in Nigeria’s health systems.ResultsWe found that health workers leverage social networks with powerful and politically connected individuals to be absent from duty and escape sanctions. This reflects the dominant political settlement. Thus, the formal governance structures that are meant to regulate the operations of the health system are weak, thereby allowing powerful individuals to exert influence using informal means. As a result, health managers do not confront absentees who have a relationship with political actors for fear of repercussions, including retaliation through informal pressure. In addition, we found that while health system structures cannot effectively handle widespread absenteeism, networks of local actors, when interested and involved, could address absenteeism by enabling health managers to call politically connected staff to order.ConclusionThe formal governance mechanisms to reduce absenteeism are insufficient, and building alliances (often informal) with local elites interested in improving service delivery locally may help to reduce interference by other powerful actors.
Efficacy and safety of adalimumab for inflammatory flare prevention in paediatric non-infectious anterior uveitis with peripheral retinal vascular leakage: a study protocol for a single-centre, randomised controlled trial
Authors: Song Hang , Zhao Chan , Zhang Yuelun , Li Donghui , Qian Yujing , Gao Fei , Xiao Junyan , Zhang Meifen 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionPaediatric patients with chronic anterior uveitis are more prone to suffer from the chronic course of intraocular inflammation and adverse effects of long-term immunomodulatory therapy, either topical glucocorticosteroids or systemic immunomodulatory agents. The performance of adalimumab has been shown to be fairly favourable in treating refractory non-infectious uveitis, but the detailed indication is still under investigation. This study aims to assess the efficacy and safety of adalimumab for inflammatory flare prevention in non-infectious paediatric anterior uveitis with peripheral retinal vascular leakage, compared with methotrexate.Methods and analysisChildren weighed ≥30 kg and aged between 4 and 16 years old with active non-infectious anterior uveitis with peripheral retinal vascular leakage on ultra-wildfield fluorescein fundus angiography will be included. They will be treated with a predesigned inflammatory control regimen to reach inflammatory quiescence in 1 month. After that they will be treated with either methotrexate 10 mg once a week or adalimumab once every 2 weeks and regularly followed up for 6 months. The primary endpoint is uveitis flare defined as defined as anterior chamber cell count grading increased from 0 to 1 within the observation period.Ethics and disseminationThe study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China (Approved protocol V3, dated 27 July 2021. Approval number 25-ZS-3062) and has been registered on ClinicalTrials.gov. Written informed consent will be collected from every patient and their guardians prior to study participation. The results of this trial will be presented at local and international meetings and submitted to peer-reviewed journals for publication.Trial registration numberNCT05015335.
Prevalence estimates of trafficking in persons using statistical definitions: a cross-sectional high-risk community survey in Cape Town, South Africa
Authors: Price Rumi Kato , Bender Annah K , Milazzo Floriana H , Rich Edna G. , Roman Nicolette V. , Zhang Sheldon X , Koegler Erica L 
Published: December 2022

ObjectivesCurrent research on trafficking in persons (TIP) relies heavily on legal and prosecutorial definitions. A public health approach has called for population-level assessment; however, identification of TIP victims lacks a standardised operational definition. This study applied the Prevalence Reduction Innovation Forum (PRIF) statistical definitions, developed by the US Department of State, to a community survey in Cape Town, South Africa.DesignsA high-risk sampling strategy was used. TIP screening questions from two instruments were matched with PRIF domain indicators to generate prevalence estimates. Sensitivity, specificity and receiver operating characteristics analyses were conducted to assess the performance of the two screeners.SettingCross-sectional survey conducted in Cape Town, South Africa, from January to October 2021.ParticipantsSouth Africans and immigrants from other nations residing in Cape Town and its surrounding areas, aged 18 or older, who met the study inclusion criteria for a set of experiences that were identified as TIP risk factors.Primary and secondary outcome measuresPrimary outcome measures were PRIF lifetime and past 12-month TIP positivity. Secondary outcome measures included individual and summary measures from the two screeners.ResultsOur PRIF algorithm yielded a TIP lifetime prevalence rate of 17.0% and past 12-month rate of 2.9%. Summary measures from each TIP screener showed an excellent range of predictive utility. The summary screener measures yielded statistically significant differences among some demographic and background categories. Several screener items were shown less predictive of the PRIF statistical definition criteria than others.ConclusionsPrevalence estimates of probable TIP were higher than those reported elsewhere. Our TIP screeners yielded an excellent range of predictive utility for the statistical definitions, promising the potential for wider applications in global and regional TIP research and policymaking. A more systematic sampling strategy is needed even if statistical definitions become widely used.
Development of ductility-related modification factor for CLT-coupled wall buildings with replaceable shear link coupling beams
Authors: Teweldebrhan Biniam Tekle , Popovski Marjan , McFadden Jasmine B.W. , Tesfamariam Solomon 
Published: December 2022

The desire of using sustainable materials has reignited the interest in timber-based construction. Researchers and practitioners are developing novel timber-based structural solutions. Cross-laminated timber (CLT)-coupled wall is a recently proposed system for potential use in mid- and high-rise timber construction. The National Building Code of Canada, however, does not include this system and, consequently, the seismic force modification factors are not available. This study evaluated the ductility-related force modification factor ( Rd) using the FEMA P-695 procedure. Nine archetype buildings were designed considering different design parameters: building storey height, CLT wall configuration, and coupling ratios. Using 30 ground motion records (bi-directional), rigorously selected for seismicity of Vancouver, BC, Canada, incremental dynamic analyses were performed. Collapse margin ratios were calculated to assess the adequacy of the trial Rd factors. Using an over-strength factor of 1.5, Rd = 4 is found to be acceptable for this system.
Evaluation of acetolactate synthase (ALS)-inhibiting herbicides for red sorrel (Rumex acetosellaL.) management in lowbush blueberry (Vaccinium angustifoliumAiton)
Authors: White Scott N. 
Published: December 2022

Red sorrel is a common herbaceous perennial weed species in lowbush blueberry fields that may be managed with acetolactate synthase (ALS)-inhibiting herbicides. Greenhouse and field experiments were established to determine the crop tolerance and potential efficacy on red sorrel of tribenuron-methyl, nicosulfuron + rimsulfuron, foramsulfuron, flazasulfuron, pyroxsulam, and halosulfuron-methyl. Ramet density of greenhouse-grown red sorrel plants established from root fragments was reduced by tribenuron-methyl, flazasulfuron, and pyroxsulam, though tribenuron-methyl and flazasulfuron were the most consistently effective herbicides under field conditions. Spring non-bearing year tribenuron-methyl and flazasulfuron applications reduced both non-bearing and bearing year total red sorrel ramet density and reduced non-bearing year red sorrel flowering ramet and seedling density without injuring lowbush blueberry. Fall non-bearing year tribenuron-methyl and flazasulfuron applications reduced bearing year red sorrel total and flowering ramet density, and this application timing should be evaluated further to improve understanding of crop injury risks. Fall bearing year tribenuron-methyl and flazasulfuron applications reduced non-bearing year red sorrel total and flowering ramet density but did not reduce seedling density. Nicosulfuron + rimsulfuron, foramsulfuron, pyroxsulam, and halosulfuron-methyl efficacy on red sorrel were inconsistent or limited, and these herbicides are not recommended for red sorrel management in lowbush blueberry.
Improved Calculation Method of TAD for Intertrochanteric Fractures
Authors: Wang Jialong , Long Anhua , Wang Xuefei , Zhang Yakui , Han Dacheng 
Published: December 2022

Purpose. To investigate the relative position of femur fixed screws using intramedullary systems for intertrochanteric fractures and to improve the accurate measurement method of the tip-to-apex distance (TAD) while providing a theoretical basis for the clinical treatment of such fractures. Methods. In the anteroposterior (AP) radiographs of the hip joint, the femoral neck axis through the femoral head geometry point was designated as the X-axis, while the line perpendicular to the X-axis passing through the femoral head geometry point was designated as the Y-axis. In the lateral radiographs of the hip joint, the line perpendicular to the X-axis passing through the femoral head geometry point was identified as the Z-axis. The head of the nail tip’s location projected on the three axes was described as AAP, B in the AP radiographs; and ALAT, C in the lateral radiograph. The TAD was described as XAP and XLAT. The radius of the femoral head was D. All distance units were expressed in mm. Results. When the lateral projection angle was standardized, the AAP was equal to the ALAT, while the

X

A
P

2

=

B
2

+

D
−

A

A
P

2

a
n
d

X

L
A
T

2

=

C
2

+

D
−

A

L
A
T

2

. When the lateral projection angle was not standardized, the value of C had no significant change; however, the

D
−

A

L
A
T

value changed. Conclusions. The measurement value did not match the actual values of TAD when the lateral projection angle was not standardized, possibly leading to a misinterpretation during clinical work. The XLAT should be amended using the formula

X

L
A
T

2

=

C
2

+

D
−

A

A
P

2

.
MinimuMM-seq: Genome Sequencing of Circulating Tumor Cells for Minimally Invasive Molecular Characterization of Multiple Myeloma Pathology
Authors: Dutta Ankit K. , Alberge Jean-Baptiste , Lightbody Elizabeth D. , Boehner Cody J. , Dunford Andrew , Sklavenitis-Pistofidis Romanos , Mouhieddine Tarek H. , Cowan Annie N. , Su Nang Kham , Horowitz Erica M. , Barr Hadley , Hevenor Laura , Beckwith Jenna B. , Perry Jacqueline , Cao Amanda , Lin Ziao , Kuhr Frank K. , Mastro Richard G. Del , Nadeem Omar , Greipp Patricia T. , Stewart Chip , Auclair Daniel , Getz Gad , Ghobrial Irene M. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Multiple myeloma (MM) develops from well-defined precursor stages; however, invasive bone marrow (BM) biopsy limits screening and monitoring strategies for patients. We enumerated circulating tumor cells (CTC) from 261 patients (84 monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance, 155 smoldering multiple myeloma, and 22 MM), with neoplastic cells detected in 84%. We developed a novel approach, MinimuMM-seq, which enables the detection of translocations and copy-number abnormalities through whole-genome sequencing of highly pure CTCs. Application to CTCs in a cohort of 51 patients, 24 with paired BM, was able to detect 100% of clinically reported BM biopsy events and could replace molecular cytogenetics for diagnostic yield and risk classification. Longitudinal sampling of CTCs in 8 patients revealed major clones could be tracked in the blood, with clonal evolution and shifting dynamics of subclones over time. Our findings provide proof of concept that CTC detection and genomic profiling could be used clinically for monitoring and managing disease in MM.

Significance:
In this study, we established an approach enabling the enumeration and sequencing of CTCs to replace standard molecular cytogenetics. CTCs harbored the same pathognomonic MM abnormalities as BM plasma cells. Longitudinal sampling of serial CTCs was able to track clonal dynamics over time and detect the emergence of high-risk genetic subclones.
This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 247
The Contribution and Philosophical Development of the Reformational Philosopher Herman Dooyeweerd and His Conversation with Dirk Vollenhoven
Authors: Ive Jeremy G. A. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This article builds on my previous article on Dirk H. Th. Vollenhoven (Ive 2015) and provides an overview of the development of the systematic philosophy of Herman Dooyeweerd. This article seeks to provide an overview of the key developments in the thinking of Dooyeweerd, both in the convergences arising from the conversation of the two brothers-in-law and long-term colleagues and in their divergences. Dooyeweerd and Vollenhoven worked within the tradition of Abraham Kuyper, the father of Reformational philosophy. The development of their respective philosophical systematics has tended to be addressed separately. However, I argue that the close cooperation between the two philosophers was critical in the formulation of the philosophy of the cosmonomic Idea. The philosophical conversation between the two persisted, despite critical divergences, largely aired privately. Their respective insights remained a source of mutual stimulus and complementarity foundational for Reformational philosophy.
The Launch of a New Open-Access French-English Database by the Institut national d’histoire de l’art
Authors: Chatelain Antoine , Guyot Pauline 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Scholars affiliated with the inha (Institut national d’histoire de l’art) introduce a new open access online database dedicated to collectors, travelers, military personnel, art dealers, and artists who collected Asian art from 1700–1939.
CD14+/CD31+ monocytes expanded by UM171 correct hemophilia A in zebrafish upon lentiviral gene transfer of factor VIII
Authors: Elnaggar Muhammad , Al-Mohannadi Anjud , Hasan Waseem , Abdelrahman Doua , Al-Kubaisi Mohammed J. , Pavlovski Igor , Gentilcore Giusy , Sathappan Abbirami , Kizhakayil Dhanya , Ali Aesha I. , Mohan Suruchi , Olagunju Damilola , Cugno Chiara , Grivel Jean-Charles , Borsotti Chiara , Follenzi Antonia , Da’as Sahar I. , Deola Sara 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Emerging gene therapy clinical trials test the correction of hemophilia A (HA) by replacing factor VIII (FVIII) in autologous hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Although it is known that platelets, monocyte/macrophages, and mesenchymal stromal cells can secrete transgenic FVIII, a systematic examination of blood lineages as extrahepatic sources of FVIII, to our knowledge, has not yet been performed. In this study, we sought to provide a comprehensive map of native and lentivirus-based transgenic FVIII production from HSC stage to mature blood cells, through a flow cytometry analysis. In addition, we generated a model of transient HA in zebrafish based on antisense RNA, to assess the corrective potential of the FVIII-transduced HSCs. We discovered that FVIII production begins at the CD34+ progenitor stage after cytokine stimulation in culture. Among all mature white blood cells, monocytes are the largest producers of native FVIII and can maintain protein overexpression during differentiation from HSCs when transduced by a FVIII lentiviral vector. Moreover, the addition of the HSC self-renewal agonist UM171 to CD34+ cells during transduction expanded a subpopulation of CD14+/CD31+ monocytes with excellent ability to carry the FVIII transgene, allowing the correction of HA phenotype in zebrafish. Finally, the HA zebrafish model showed that f8 RNA is predominantly localized in the hematopoietic system at the larval stage, which indicates a potential contributory role of FVIII in hematopoiesis that warrants further investigation. We believe that this study may be of broad interest to hematologists and researchers striving to advance knowledge and permanent treatments for patients with HA.