bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pengembangan Modifikasi Permainan Lay Up dalam Pembelajaran Bola Basket untuk Kelas VIII SMP Negeri 5 Lamongan
Authors: Brilian Cerebri , Heynoek Febrita , Fitriady Gema 
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this research is to develop a learning modification of the shooting lay up game with audio-visual media as a support tool and to determine the validity of game modification with audio-visual media on the basic technique of shooting lay up. This research is a research and development research. Data from the evaluation results of Media Experts obtained that the average validity of the audio-visual media product in the form of a video modification of the lay up game in basketball learning was 95 percent which explained that the product was very valid and very feasible to use. From the evaluation data of the Physical Education Learning Experts, it was found that the average validity of the audio-visual media product in the form of a video modification of the lay-up game in basketball learning was 84 percent which explained that the product was quite valid and feasible to use. From the data from the basketball expert evaluation, it was found that the average validity of the audio-visual media product in the form of a video modification of the lay-up game in basketball learning was 98 percent which explained that the product was very valid and very feasible to use.
Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengembangkan pembelajaran modifikasi permainan shooting lay up dengan media audio visual sebagai sarana penunjang serta untuk mengetahui validitas modifikasi permainan dengan media audio visual pada materi teknik dasar shooting lay up. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan atau research and development. Data hasil evaluasi Ahli Media diperoleh rata-rata validitas produk media audio visual yang berbentuk video modifikasi permainan lay up dalam pembelajaran bola basket sebesar 95 persen yang menjelaskan bahwa produk sangat valid dan sangat layak untuk digunakan. Dari data hasil evaluasi Ahli Pembelajaran Pendidikan Jasmani diperoleh rata-rata validitas produk media audio visual yang berbentuk video modifikasi permainan lay up dalam pembelajaran bola basket sebesar 84 persen yang menjelaskan bahwa produk cukup valid dan layak untuk digunakan. Dari data hasil evaluasi Ahli Basket diperoleh rata-rata validitas produk media audio visual yang berbentuk video modifikasi permanan lay up dalam pembelajaran bola basket sebesar 98 persen yang menjelaskan bahwa produk sangat valid dan sangat layak untuk digunakan.
Eosinophil count can predict dyspnea level in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Çekmen B. , Bildik B. , Emre Atiş Ş. , Kaya N. , Bozan Ö. , Kalkan A. 
Published: February 2022

Blood eosinophil count is associated with measurements have been used as biomarkers for eosinophil-related airway inflammation. Eosinophils are found in the airways, tissues, and blood during stable disease or acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPD). The modified Medical Research Council dyspnea scale (mMRC) and COPD assessment test (CAT) scores have been shown to be useful as novel tools for evaluating these aspects of COPD.The aim. This study aimed to investigate the relation of blood eosinophil count with the assessment scales and the number of emergency department (ED) admissions in patients with acute exacerbations COPD. Study Design. Cross-Sectional Study. Methods. Based on eosinophil count, the patients were divided into two groups: < 300 cells μL−1 and ≥ 300 cells μL−1. For these two groups, the relationship between acute exacerbation and the number of admissions to ED, the number of hospitalizations in the last one year, CAT score, mMRC score, and comorbid diseases were analyzed. Results. 166 patients was mean age 69.0, 126 (75.9%) male. Patients with high eosinophil count had fewer ED admission compared with those with low eosinophil count(5 and 10, respectively), Median mMRC score of patients with low eosinophil count was significantly higher compared with that of patients with high eosinophil count(p = 0.022).The difference between the median CAT scores of the two groups was not statistically significant. A statistically significant, negative relationship was found between the eosinophil count and mMRC scores (r = −0.219; p = 0.005). Conclusion. High levels of eosinophilia in patients presenting with AECOPD are associated with low mMRC score. Also, although not statistically significant, the number of admissions to the ED may be lower.
Reasons of non-productive water injection identification at oil fields by temperature modelling
Authors: Никонорова А.Н. , Батманова О.В. , Гуляев Д.Н. , Касимова Д.Б. , Гуськов Б.Л. , Кричевский В.М. 
Published: February 2022

Как правило, при разработке нефтяного месторождения ключевую роль играет система поддержания пластового давления, состоящая из ряда нагнетательных скважин, предназначенных для закачки воды. Однако не всегда объем закачиваемого флюида достигает целевого пласта и выполняет свои функции по вытеснению нефти. Довольно часто закачиваемая вода уходит в соседние пласты из-за перетоков, прорывов, образования трещин и др. В этих случаях можно говорить о непроизводительной закачке. Непроизводительная закачка – частое явлением на нефтяных месторождениях, которое приводит к существенным потерям как в добыче, так и в экономике предприятия. Поэтому изучение способов диагностики и контроля непроизводительной закачки является актуальной задачей. В настоящей работе приведено термическое моделирование, на базе которого удалось установить закономерности поведения трещин при непроизводительной закачке и предложить подход, направленный на повышение информативности скважинных температурных исследований.
Typically, a reservoir pressure maintenance system with anumber of injectorsis a key factor in the oil field development. However, the volume of injected fluid does not always reach the target formation. Often, injected water is discharged into adjacent reservoirs due to crossflows, breakthroughs, fracturing, etc. In these cases, we can talk about nonproductive injection. Nonproductive injection is a frequent issue in oil fields, which leads to significant losses in both oil production and the money. Therefore, the study of methods for diagnosing and controlling nonproductive injection is an urgent task for many scientists. This paper provides an analysis of temperature modeling, on the basis of which it was possible to establish the regularities of fracture behavior during nonproductive injection and propose an approach to increase the information content of downhole temperature logging.
On the ratio of uncertainties in the information-time dyad and the value of its constant
Authors: Клименко И.С. , Палкин Е.А. 
Published: February 2022

Рассмотрено соотношение неопределенностей в паре информация – время для квантового уровня представления и регистрации информации. Обсуждены условия, обеспечивающие возможность регистрации информации, несомой микросостоянием системы. Естественным образом введена константа, характеризующая взаимосвязь неопределенности (неточности) измерения результата генерации и/ или обмена информацией с длительностью этого процесса при заданной температуре.
The relation of uncertainties in the information-time pair for the quantum level of information representation and registration is considered. The conditions providing the possibility of registering information carried by the microstate of the system are discussed. A constant is naturally introduced that characterizes the relationship between the uncertainty (inaccuracy) of measuring the result of generating and/or exchanging information with the duration of this process at a given temperature.
Comparison of probable code number PNC and cyclic redundancy code CRC
Authors: Турдиев О.А. , Хомоненко А.Д. , Гофман М.В. 
Published: February 2022

Постановка задачи: необходимость обеспечения целостности данных, передаваемых в сетях связи, актуализация вопроса формирования контрольных сумм, используемых при анализе целостности. При этом целесообразно снижение вычислительной сложности алгоритмов формирования контрольных сумм. Целью работы является сравнение вычислительной сложности и показателей обнаружения ошибок моделей формирования вероятного кода числа PNC (Probable Number Code) и циклического избыточного кода CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Code). Новизна работы состоит в том, что для сравнения вычислительной сложности и показателей обнаружения ошибок выполнен анализ моделей PNC и CRC. Результат: на основе проведенного анализа моделей подтверждается снижение вычислительной сложности алгоритма формирования контрольных сумм в модели PNC по сравнению с CRC. Практическая значимость: модель вероятного кода числа может применяться в протоколах сетей передачи данных, а также для обоснования перспективности дальнейших исследований в этом направлении.
Statement of the problem: The need to ensure the integrity of data transmitted in communication networks, actualizes the issue of forming checksums used in the analysis of integrity. In this case, it is advisable to reduce the computational complexity of the algorithms for generating checksums. The aim of the work is to compare the computational complexity and error detection rates of the models for the formation of the probable number code PNC (Probable Number Code) and the cyclic redundancy code CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Code). The novelty of the work lies in the fact that PNC and CRC models were analyzed to compare the computational complexity and error detection rates. Result: on the basis of the analysis of the models, the reduction in the computational complexity of the algorithm for generating checksums in the PNC model in comparison with the CRC is confirmed. Practical significance: the model of the probable code of a number can be used in protocols of data transmission networks, as well as to substantiate the prospects for further research in this direction.
Development of a Formulation of Vanishing Cream Containing Wheat Germ Oil with Safe Preservation, and Measurement of Antioxidants in the Cream by a Rapid Method
Authors: Robatjazi Seyed Morteza , Goodarzi Narges , Ettehadi Hossein Ali , Samadieh Samira , Zeinoddini Mehdi 
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Wheat germ is a by-product of the wheat mill and contains 10 to 15% of the oil. The use of wheat germ oil in cosmetics is because this oil contains ceramide that prevents skin aging and can preserve the skin.
Material and Methods: A vanishing oil in water (O/W) cream based on wheat germ oil was made and formulated. The antioxidants of the cream were extracted, and the best extraction conditions were obtained by the Taguchi method. Four factors of temperature, time, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and round per minute (RPM) were investigated at three levels. To maintain consumer health, carcinogenic preservatives such as parabens were removed from the formulation, and a new composition of methylpropanediol, capryl glycol, and phenylpropanoldiol (OMP) was used in the formulation. At microbial testing, two standard strains of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were selected as representative of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The stability of the antioxidants of wheat germ oil in the cream structure was studied.
Results: In the extraction of the antioxidants from the cream structure, the highest impact was related to the DPPH factor (78%) and temperature (14%), respectively. A growth inhibition zone of 24mm diameter was observed for S. aureus and 16mm for P. aeruginosa. The wheat germ oil cream was completely stable at 37°C after 30 days.
Conclusion: A vanishing herbal cream was formulated base on OMP composition with a very good antimicrobial activity. A rapid extraction and measurement method of the cream antioxidants was established and optimized based on DPPH.
Profitability of the Three Types of Smallholder Pig Farming in Indonesia: An Adaptation of Enterprise Budgeting Method
Authors: Keraru Ester Nurani , Harianto Harianto , Yusalina Yusalina 
Published: February 2022

This study aims to analyze the production cost structure and to measure the profitability of three types of smallholder pig farming, namely farrow-to-finish, pig-finishing, and pig-nursery in Indonesia. This study employed the data from the Statistics Indonesia-Livestock Business Household Survey (ST2013-STU). The measurement of profitability was carried out by calculating the profitability of three types of pig farming business using the adapted enterprise budgeting method. Based on the production cost structure, the percentage of pig feed costs accounted for more than 70% of the total cash of the three types of pig farming. The percentage of unpaid labor costs is more than 50% of the total non-cash. Based on the measurement results of the profitability indicators, it can be shown that the pig-finishing type has the highest profitability among the three types of smallholder pig farming. Government policies are needed to increase pig farmers' access to financing and better pig farming technology.
Minimal Clinically Important Changes in HOOS-12 and KOOS-12 Scores Following Joint Replacement
Authors: Soh Sze-Ee , Harris Ian A. , Cashman Kara , Heath Emma , Lorimer Michelle , Graves Stephen E. , Ackerman Ilana N. 
Published: February 2022

Background:
For patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) to provide meaningful information to support clinical care, we need to understand the magnitude of change that matters to patients. The aim of this study was to estimate minimal clinically important changes (MCICs) for the 12-item Hip disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (HOOS-12) and Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS-12) among people undergoing joint replacement for osteoarthritis.

Methods:
Individual-level data from the Australian Orthopaedic Association National Joint Replacement Registry’s pilot PROMs program were used for this analysis. Preoperative and 6-month postoperative HOOS-12 and KOOS-12 domain and summary impact scores plus a rating of patient-perceived change after surgery (on a 5-point scale ranging from “much worse” to “much better”) were available. Three anchor-based approaches—mean change, receiver operating characteristics (ROC) based on Youden’s J statistic, and predictive modeling using a binary logistic regression model—were used to calculate MCICs based on patient-perceived change.

Results:
Data were available for 1,490 patients treated with total hip replacement (THR) (mean age, 66 years; 54% female) and 1,931 patients treated with total knee replacement (TKR) (mean age, 66 years; 55% female). Using the mean change method, the MCIC ranged from 24.0 to 27.5 points for the HOOS-12 and 17.5 to 21.8 points for the KOOS-12. The ROC analyses generated comparable MCIC values (28.1 for HOOS-12 and a range of 15.6 to 21.9 for KOOS-12) with high sensitivity and specificity. Lower estimates were derived from predictive modeling following adjustment for the proportion of improved patients (range, 15.7 to 19.2 for HOOS-12 and 14.2 to 16.5 for KOOS-12).

Conclusions:
We report MCIC values for the HOOS-12 and KOOS-12 instruments that we derived using 3 different methods. As estimates obtained using predictive modeling can be adjusted for the proportion of improved patients, these may be the most clinically applicable. These MCIC values can be used to interpret important changes in pain, function, and quality of life from the patient’s perspective.

Levels of Evidence:
Prognostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
HETEROPODY INDEX: A SQUARE PEG IN A ROUND HOLE?
Authors: STRICKSON E. CATHERINE 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT
Heteropody Index (HI) is a tool used to calculate area differences between the manus and pes of fossil trackways. HI uses a simple length × width calculation to estimate area. However, since most foot impressions are rarely close to square in shape, HI using a different area calculation could potentially more accurately reflect differences in manus and pes foot area. In this study, accuracy of length × width (L×W) as an area estimate for basic shapes and animal footprints, was tested against two other area calculations, the area of a circle: πr2, and length × carpal width (L×CW) (the width at the most proximal point of the foot in contact with the ground). In addition, accuracy of HI calculations using these methods was tested against HI calculations using actual area of the corresponding shape or underfoot area. It was discovered that in general L×W is a better estimate for area than πr2, in most animals except ungulates. However, for those animals where L×W was a better estimate than πr2, L×CW was more accurate. This paper additionally proposes that by combining the findings of these tests with those of Strickson et al. (2019), foot area estimates for dinosaurs can be estimated more accurately using L×CW, to return an area close to estimates for soft tissue. Previous HI measurements may have overestimated extreme heteropody in sauropod dinosaurs.
Heatwaves and Health Risks in The Northern Part of Senegal: Analysing The Distribution of Temperature Related Diseases and Associated Risk Factors
Authors: Sy ibrahima , Cissé Birane , Ndao Babacar , Touré Mory , Diouf Abdoul Aziz , Sarr Mamadou Adama , Ndiaye Ousmane , Ndiaye Youssoupha , Badiane Daouda , Lalou Richard , Janicot Serge , Ndione Jacques-André 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Backgrond: The Sahelian zone of Senegal is marked by heatwave events due to temperatures increase especially in 2013 exceeding 45 ° C with an impact on morbidity and mortality rise. In order to document health impacts of recurrent extreme temperatures in this part of the country, a study was carried out combining heatwaves detection, occurrence of climate-sensitive diseases and risk factors for exposure.Methods: To do this, a set of climatic (temperatures) and health (morbidity, mortality) data were collected for April, May and June season from 2009 to 2019. These data were complemented by surveys on exposure risk factors of 1246 households. Statistical methods were used to carry out univariate and bivariate analyzes while cartographic techniques allowed visualization of the main climatic and health indicators.Results: The results show an increase in temperatures compared to seasonal normal for the 1971-2000 reference period with threshold exceedances of the 90th percentiles (42°C) for the maxima and (27°C) the minima and higher temperatures during the months of May and June. From health perspective, it was noted an increase in cases of consultation on health facilities as well as a rise in declared morbidity by households especially in the departments of Kanel (17.7%), Ranérou (16.1 %), Matam (13.7%) and Bakel (13.7%). The heatwaves of May 2013 were also associated with cases of death with a reported mortality (observed by medical staff) of 12.4% unevenly distributed according to the departments with a higher number of deaths in Matam (25, 2%) and in Bakel (23.5%) than in Podor (8.4%) and Kanel (0.8%). The morbidity and mortality distribution according to gender shows that women (57%) were more affected than men (43%). These health risks have been associated with a number of factors including age, access to drinkable water, type of fuel, type of housing and construction materials, existence of fan, an air conditioner, health antecedents, etc.Conclusion: The heatwaves recurrence has led to an upsurge in certain diseases sensitive to rising temperatures, which is increasingly a public health issue in the Sahelian zone of Senegal.
Influence of coronal-morphology of endplate and intervertebral space to cage subsidence and fusion following oblique lumbar interbody fusion
Authors: Zeng Jiancheng , XIE Tianhang , Pu Liming , Zhao Long , Lu Yufei , Yang Zhiqiang , Yang Xiandi , Song Yueming 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: The morphology of endplate was considered to be one of the influencing factors of Cage subsidence after lumbar interbody fusion (LIF). Previous radiographic evaluations on endplate mostly used sagittal X-ray or MRI. Whereas, there are few studies on the CT evaluation of endplate and intervertebral space (IVS), especially the evaluation of coronal morphology and its influence on subsidence and fusion after LIF. We aimed to measure and classify the shapes of the endplate and IVS using coronal CT imaging and evaluate the radiographic and clinical outcomes of different shapes of the endplate/IVS following oblique lateral lumbar interbody fusion (OLIF).Methods：A total of 137 patients who underwent L4-5 OLIF combined with anterolateral fixation from June 2018 to June 2020 were included. The endplate concavity depth (ECD) was measured on the preoperative coronal CT image. According to ECD, the endplate was classified as flat (< 2 mm), shallow (2-4 mm), or deep (> 4 mm). The L4-5 IVS was further classified according to endplate type. The disc height (DH), DH changes，subsidence rate, fusion rate, and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) in different endplate/IVS shapes were evaluated during 1-year follow up. Results: The ECD of L4 inferior endplate (IEP) was significantly deeper than that of L5 superior endplate (SEP) (4.20±1.07 vs 1.63±0.83, P < 0.001). Four types of L4-5 IVS were identified: shallow-shallow (16, 11.68%), shallow-flat (45, 32.85%), deep-shallow (32, 23.36%), and deep-flat (44, 32.12%). A total of 45 (32.85%) cases of cage subsidence were observed. Only one (6.25%) subsidence occurred in the shallow-shallow group，which was significantly lower than in the other three groups (19 shallow-flat, 6 deep-shallow, and 19 deep-flat ) (P < 0.05). Meanwhile，the shallow-shallow group had the highest fusion rate (15, 93.75%) and the highest rate of reach minimal clinically important difference (MCID) ODI among the four types. The shape of L4 IEP mainly affects the final fusion rate, which is higher in the shallow shape than deep ( OR=2.845, p=0.034). Conversely, L5 SEP mainly affects the rate of cage subsidence, which was flat shape higher than shallow (OR=4.364, p=0.001).Conclusion: The L4-5 IVS is an irregular shape that tends to be fornix-above and flat-down on coronal CT view. The shallow-shallow IVS has the lowest subsidence rate and best fusion result, which is possibly because it has a relatively good degree in matching either the upper or lower interface of the cage and endplates. These findings provide a basis for the further improvements in the design of the OLIF cage.