bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Axon Initial Segments Are Required for Efficient Motor Neuron Axon Regeneration and Functional Recovery of Synapses
Authors: Teliska Lindsay H. , Dalla Costa Irene , Sert Ozlem , Twiss Jeffery L. , Rasband Matthew N. 
Published: September 2022

The axon initial segment (AIS) generates action potentials and maintains neuronal polarity by regulating the differential trafficking and distribution of proteins, transport vesicles, and organelles. Injury and disease can disrupt the AIS, and the subsequent loss of clustered ion channels and polarity mechanisms may alter neuronal excitability and function. However, the impact of AIS disruption on axon regeneration after injury is unknown. We generated male and female mice with AIS-deficient multipolar motor neurons by deleting AnkyrinG, the master scaffolding protein required for AIS assembly and maintenance. We found that after nerve crush, neuromuscular junction reinnervation was significantly delayed in AIS-deficient motor neurons compared with control mice. In contrast, loss of AnkyrinG from pseudo-unipolar sensory neurons did not impair axon regeneration into the intraepidermal nerve fiber layer. Even after AIS-deficient motor neurons reinnervated the neuromuscular junction, they failed to functionally recover because of reduced synaptic vesicle protein 2 at presynaptic terminals. In addition, mRNA trafficking was disrupted in AIS-deficient axons. Our results show that, after nerve injury, an intact AIS is essential for efficient regeneration and functional recovery of axons in multipolar motor neurons. Our results also suggest that loss of polarity in AIS-deficient motor neurons impairs the delivery of axonal proteins, mRNAs, and other cargoes necessary for regeneration. Thus, therapeutic strategies for axon regeneration must consider preservation or reassembly of the AIS.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTDisruption of the axon initial segment is a common event after nervous system injury. For multipolar motor neurons, we show that axon initial segments are essential for axon regeneration and functional recovery after injury. Our results may help explain injuries where axon regeneration fails, and suggest strategies to promote more efficient axon regeneration.
The effect of funding non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) on invasive procedures performed to identify trisomy 21 pregnancies: A population-based cohort study
Authors: Levesque Marianne , Allen Victoria M. , Woolcott Christy G. , Brock Jo-Ann K. 
Published: September 2022

Background: Screening for Trisomy 21 in Nova Scotia has traditionally included serum integrated prenatal screening (SIPS, maternal serum screening), and integrated prenatal screening (maternal serum screening with nuchal translucency, IPS) for those patients considered to be at high risk. In 2016, non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) became available as a funded second tier screen for pregnancies at high risk for Trisomy 21 in Nova Scotia.Objective: To compare pregnancy characteristics and number of diagnostic procedures performed for high risk of Trisomy 21 before and after introduction of funded NIPT in Nova Scotia.Methods: This population-based retrospective cohort study evaluated pregnancies with diagnostic testing and/or NIPT which were identified through the IWK Health Clinical Genomics Laboratory Database. Maternal chart review was performed for each pregnancy to confirm eligibility and collect demographic data. Descriptive statistics comparing number of diagnostic procedures and pregnancy characteristics were performed among two epochs – pre-NIPT (2012-2015) and post-NIPT (2016-2019) using Fisher’s exact test, and rates of Trisomy 21 confirmed by diagnostic testing between the two epochs were described.Results: The population incidence of Trisomy 21 remained stable and maternal demographics were similar between the two epochs; after the introduction of funded NIPT, the number of diagnostic procedures decreased, and when diagnostic testing was performed, the procedures were 6-fold more likely to confirm Trisomy 21 (95% CI 2.6-12.9) following high risk screening.Conclusion: The decrease in diagnostic procedures with an increase in the prenatal detection of Trisomy 21 demonstrated in this study illustrates the value of NIPT in a population with limited resources for first trimester screening.
Novel Implementation of State Reporting Policy for Substance-Exposed Infants
Authors: Sieger Margaret Lloyd , Nichols Cynthia , Chen Shiyi , Sienna Melissa , Sanders Marilyn 
Published: September 2022

BACKGROUND
The Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act’s provisions concerning hospitalist and child protective services response to infants with prenatal substance exposure (IPSE) were revised in 2016 to address the impact of the opioid epidemic. In 2019, Connecticut unveiled a statewide hospital reporting infrastructure to divert IPSE without safety concerns from CPS using a deidentified notification to CPS and a plan of safe care (POSC). Connecticut is the first state to implement a separate, deidentified notification system.

METHODS
We used notification and birth data to determine rates per 1000 births. We employed multinomial logistic regression to understand factors associated with 3 mutually exclusive outcomes: (1) diversion with POSC, (2) report with POSC, or (3) report without POSC.

RESULTS
During the first 28 months of policy implementation, hospitalists submitted over 4700 notifications (8% of total Connecticut births). Over three-quarters (79%) of notifications included marijuana exposure, and 21% included opioid exposure. Fewer than 3% included alcohol exposure. Black mothers were disproportionally overrepresented among notifications compared with the state population, and all other race groups underrepresented. Over half of identified IPSE were diverted. Type of substance exposure was the strongest predictor of outcome, controlling for maternal age and race group.

CONCLUSIONS
Connecticut Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act diverted IPSE without provider safety concerns away from child protective services. Substance exposure type was associated with the dyad’s outcome at hospital discharge. Nonuniversal screening practices may contribute to racial disproportionality in implementation.
Patients Satisfaction with Dental Service, School of Dentistry, University of Costa Rica
Authors: Gutierrez-Marín Natalia , López-Soto Andrea 
Published: September 2022

The objective of this research was to use the Dental Satisfaction Questionnaire to determine the level of patient’s satisfaction who come to the School of Dentistry of the University of Costa Rica. The research was conducted with the entire population of patients who received dental care in the Undergraduate Student Clinics of the School of Dentistry between April and September 2021. A digital survey was generated with the questions of the DSQ and sociodemographic variables, which was sent by email. Descriptive statistics were performed to establish the absolute and relative frequency, as well as measures of central tendency and variability, according to the nature of the variables. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used in the conformity assessment of the data for the normal distribution. The relationships between the scores obtained from the Dental Satisfaction Questionnaire and the sociodemographic variables were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U Test and the Kruskal-Wallis Test. A response rate of 36% was obtained. 98.5% of the subjects were satisfied with the services received. There was a statistically significant difference between the frequency of visits and the dental satisfaction scale (p=0.001). The scoring by type of clinic with regards to access, pain management, cost and availability were statistically significant (p=0.001, p=0.014, p=0.001, p=0.001, respectively). The differences in the relationship between the age groups and access was significant (p=0.014); in addition to that between education level and cost (p=0.001). A large majority of patients who come to the services of the School of Dentistry UCR are satisfied with the service received.
Review on magnetocaloric high-entropy alloys: Design and analysis methods
Authors: Law Jia Yan , Franco Victorino 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe search for high-performance functional alloys with improved service life and reliability entails the optimization of their mechanical properties. Recently, the high-entropy alloy (HEA) design concept has found new alloys with excellent mechanical properties. It utilizes multiprincipal elements to yield high configurational entropy of mixing, entailing a large compositional freedom with wide window of opportunities for property exploration. Their functional properties are usually modest when compared to conventional materials. The discovery of HEAs with optimal combination of mechanical and functional properties would be a leap forward in the reliability of functional devices. This review article focuses on magnetocaloric HEAs, the design approaches, and the appropriate analysis methods for their performance. We will highlight the efficient strategic search within the vast HEA space, which has been instrumental for significantly enhancing MCE performance, closing the pre-existing gap between magnetocaloric HEAs and high-performance conventional magnetocaloric materials. Outlook for future directions will also be included.
Graphical abstract
Latihan ladder drill dan shuttle run dapat memengaruhi kecepatan atlet bulutangkis Pusat Latihan Kota Malang untuk Porprov tahun 2022
Authors: Islamiati Dien Oktaviandri , Yunus Mahmud , Abdullah Ahmad 
Published: September 2022

Latihan ladder Drill dan shuttle run merupakan latihan yang dapat meningkatkan kecepatan dalam olahraga bulutangkis, dalam mempersiapkan PORPROV 2022 atlet bulutangkis kota Malang mengikuti pemusatan latihan dan perlu dilakukan latihan kondisi fisik, dengan menerapkan latihan kecepatan. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan agar bisa melihat pengaruh latihan ladder Drill dan shuttle run terhadap kecepatan atlet bulutangkis pusat latihan Kota Malang untuk persiapan PORPROV tahun 2022. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Gor Platinum Kota Malang dan di Komplek Araya Kota Malang. Metode penelitian yang dipakai ialah kuantitatif dengan rancangan quasi experiment atau disebut eksperimen semu dan menggunakan desain penelitian one group pretest-posttest design, agar bisa diketahui dengan lebih akurat, sebelum dan sesudah diberi perlakuan. Sampel pada penelitian adalah semua atlet bulutangkis pusat latihan kota Malang yang beranggotakan 10 atlet. Latihan ladder Drill dan shuttle run dilakukan dengan program latihan dalam waktu 8 minggu dengan frekuensi latihan dua hari dalam seminggu. Tes kecepatan dilakukan dua kali, sebelum perlakuan (pre-test) dan setelah perlakuan (post-test). Hasil uji paired t test didapat nilai signifikansi 0,000 < 0,05, ini berarti ada perubahan dan menunjukkan bahwa H0 ditolak dan H1 atau hipotesis diterima. Menurut hasil penelitian yang didapat, bisa diambil kesimpulan bahwa latihan ladder drill dan shuttle run mempengaruhi kecepatan atlet bulutangkis pusat latihan Kota Malang untuk persiapan PORPROV tahun 2022.
Comparative Analytical study of Dinoprostone Gel and Hyaluronidase Injection for Induction of labour in Term Primigravida in Tertiary Rural Medical Centre of Western Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Swaroop Neelam , Bano Shaheen , Vishwakarma Soniya , Mittal Nupur , Kanti Vaibhav , Gupta Vandana , Shree Pragya 
Published: September 2022

Objective: To compare the efficacy of intracervical dinoprostone gel and hyaluronidase injection for induction of labour in term primigravida.
Materials and methods: This is a hospital based analytical prospective interventional study conducted in a rural tertiary care centre over a period of 18 months. A total of 70 patients who required induction of labour for one or another reason with Bishop score of less than 6 were included in the study. All the cases were randomly divided into two groups, Group A received dinoprostone gel and Group B received hyaluronidase injection. Chi square test & unpaired T test were applied for statistical analysis.
Results: Time interval from induction to active phase of labour was comparatively shorter in group A than in group B (10.74 ± 6.17 vs 15.94 ± 7.1) and the difference was significant (p= 0.001). Time interval from induction to delivery time was comparatively shorter in group A than group B (14.84 ± 8.86 vs 21.33 ± 7.86) and difference was significant (P= 0.009). Maternal complications were more common in group A as compared to group B.
Conclusion: This study showed that labour could be accelerated significantly by intracervical injection of hyaluronidase. Hyaluronidase injection has less maternal and fetal side-effects as compared to dinoprostone gel and can be a good choice for induction of labour.
A construção da genealogia de Foucault a partir de Nietzsche
Authors: Figueiredo Rodrigo de Oliveira 
Published: September 2022

Este artigo tem como objetivo abordar o tratamento dado por Foucault ao tema da produção dos sujeitos e objetos do conhecimento. A partir de conceitos fundamentais de Foucault como saber, poder, prática e discurso, procuro ressaltar a influência que os textos de Nietzsche dedicados ao conhecimento tiveram sobre a abordagem genealógica foucaultiana. Passando por alguns textos de teor metodológico de Foucault, pretendo mostrar como a sua genealogia é marcada por uma crítica do conhecimento em que se questiona, a partir de uma perspectiva nietzschiana, o estatuto da relação entre sujeito e objeto e os modos de constituição da verdade são questionados.
Ideias do século das luzes
Authors: Cardoso Denylson Douglas de Lima , Sá Nelson Pereira de 
Published: September 2022

O artigo elenca os elementos que demarcaram o iluminismo e suas influências na educação a partir do século XVIII. O estudo visa responder: o que foi o século das luzes e quais as suas contribuições para a educação? Como instrumento da coleta de dados priorizou-se o uso de textos em três momentos, a saber: primeiro - dos tipos “resposta à pergunta o que é o Esclarecimento?; segundo - análises sobre o pensamento rousseauniano a partir dos textos “Emílio ou da educação” e “Projeto de Educação” nas abordagens de Rousseau para suscitar debates sobre a educação humanista fundamentada na vivência do Contrato Social e nos fundamentos de uma educação para a sensibilidade do sujeito moderno; terceiro - discutir o legado das ideias iluministas no processo educacional na realidade brasileira.
A epistemologia pragmatista de John Dewey
Authors: Nascimento Edna Maria Magalhães 
Published: September 2022

Dewey desenvolveu um programa doutrinário que visa mostrar como o conhecimento se funda na experiência. Essa é a dimensão científico-naturalista da sua obra. Nesse sentido, o seu projeto consiste numa rigorosa argumentação contra as explicações em que a experiência e a natureza são apresentadas com base em distinções arbitrárias. Na obra, Reconstruction in Philosophy [Reconstrução em Filosofia], Dewey desenvolveu seu projeto metafísico de dimensão historicista, propondo uma reconstrução para a filosofia. Em Experience and Nature [Experiência e Natureza], ele apresentou uma visada científica para a metafísica. Nessa obra, Dewey tenta pensar um sistema desenvolvido a partir da aplicação do método científico à filosofia tendo como base uma concepção filosófica da experiência. As concepções de Dewey acerca do conhecimento, do uso inteligente da razão e da natureza social da filosofia concorrem para a constituição de sua concepção de ciência. Nas duas obras fica evidente a sua crítica à noção tradicional de conhecimento como representação da realidade. Contra isso, Dewey passa a designar o conhecimento como um conjunto de “crenças” e “proposições” tomadas como garantias de usos ou assertividade garantida. Dewey se opõe à forma pela qual o problema epistemológico é formulado pela tradição, ou seja, a partir de uma posição realista ingênua no qual o conhecimento é visto como representação, desconsiderando o processo de conexão entre as coisas e entre o conhecedor e as coisas.
Shifted Liu-Type Estimator in The Linear Regression
Authors: Erdugan Funda 
Published: September 2022

The methods to solve the problem of multicollinearity have an important issue in the linear regression. The Liu-type estimator is one of these methods used to reduce its effect. This estimator is an estimator with two parameters denoted and . Kurnaz and Akay (2015) [6] introduced a new approach for the Liu-type estimator and called it new Liu-type (NL) estimator. This proposed estimator is based on a continuous function of rather than two parameters and includes OLS, ridge estimator, Liu estimator, and some estimators with two biasing parameters as special cases. This study aimed to improve the NL estimator by shifting. The performance of the shifted NL estimator is compared to the NL estimator and other estimators depending on the mean squared error (MSE) criterion. The real data example and simulation study reveal that the SNL estimator can be a good selection in the linear regression model.
Identification of Factors that Influence Stunting Cases in South Sulawesi using Geographically Weighted Regression Modeling
Authors: Siswanto Siswanto , Mirna Mirna , Yusran Muhammad , Syam Ummul Auliyah , Miolo Alya Safira Irtiqa 
Published: September 2022

In Indonesia, nearly seven million children under five are stunted and throughout the world, Indonesia is the country with the fifth-highest stunting prevalence. South Sulawesi ranks fourth with a high stunting potential in Indonesia. Stunting is caused by multi-dimensional factors and not only due to malnutrition experienced by pregnant women and children under five. In more detail, several factors that cause stunting are the effects of poor care, the lack of household/family access to nutritious food, and the lack of access to clean water and sanitation. In addition to maternal characteristics and parenting, the problem of stunting is also influenced by environmental factors and geographical conditions (population density, climatic conditions, and inadequate sanitation) so the spatial analysis is important to do in overcoming this problem. In spatial data, often observations at a location (space) depend on observations at other locations that are nearby (neighboring). By using Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) obtained variables that affect the prevalence of stunting in South Sulawesi Province, including the percentage of babies receiving vitamin A intake, the percentage of babies receiving exclusive breastfeeding, the percentage of babies receiving health care, the percentage of malnourished children under five, the percentage short toddlers, the percentage of infants receiving DPT-HB-Hib, Measles and BCG immunizations. for the GWR model is 81.32% and based on variables that are significant to the prevalence of stunting in South Sulawesi Province, three clusters are formed.
Pengaruh Struktur Aset dan Biaya Keagenan Terhadap Kebijakan Hutang Dimediasi dengan Profitabilitas
Authors: Hermanto  , Liem Dravinca Rona 
Published: September 2022

Tujuan kajian ini untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor penentu kebijakan hutang (leverage) seperti struktur aset dan biaya keagenan dan profitabilitas sebagai variabel intervening. Kajian ini memanfaatkan metode analisis linear berganda dengan jenis data sekunder. Hasil dari kajian memperlihatkan struktur aset dan biaya keagenan secara simultan berpengaruh terhadap profitabilitas, serta struktur aset, biaya keagenan dan profitabilitas juga berpengaruh secara simultan terhadap leverage. Struktur aset mempunyai dampak negatif terhadap profitabilitas dan mempunyai dampak positif terhadap leverage. Biaya keagenan mempengaruhi profitabilitas secara negatif dan mempengaruhi leverage positif. Profitabilitas mempunyai pengaruh negatif terhadap leverage. Temuan penelitian di mana perusahaan yang memperhatikan struktur aset dan biaya keagenan, dapat mengatasi kebijakan utang dan meningkatkan profitabilitasnya.
Kata Kunci : Aset, Biaya Keagenan, Profitabilitas, Leverage
Quantitative Analysis of Restrained Shrinkage Cracking in Oilwell Cement Using Digital Image Correlation
Authors: Alberdi-Pagola P. , Marcos-Meson V. , Paegle I. , Filtenborg-Simonsen P. , Afrough A. , Fischer G. 
Published: September 2022

SummaryCracking of oilwell cement sheaths may lead to loss of reservoir isolation and uncontrolled hydrocarbon leakage to the environment. This paper presents a methodology to characterize the crack pattern and quantify individual cracks in cement sheaths formed due to the restrained shrinkage of the cement, focusing on the range of 5 to 200-µm crack widths. For this purpose, high-resolution cameras are used for image acquisition together with a digital image correlation (DIC) method, and a newly developed data analysis process is applied for crack detection and quantification. The methodology is applied in a case study where cracks formed in the top and perimeter surfaces of a cement ring are detected, quantified, and classified according to crack properties such as width and orientation. The obtained information on cracks with a resolution on the micrometer level proves the effectiveness of the methodology to quantify cracks in the target width range. In addition, crack characteristics such as position, length, and orientation are also quantified, and values including spacing between cracks and cracked areas are calculated. This methodology is demonstrated in this paper to detect cracking induced by restrained drying shrinkage deformations but can be applied generally to document cracking in cement sheaths under different loading and boundary conditions.
Opportunities for the preemptive formation of decent labor remuneration for researchers in the Russian regions
Authors: Golovchin M. A. 
Published: September 2022

Objective: to assess the level of formation of conditions for decent remuneration of researchers in the Russian regions. Currently, this sphere faces either being ahead of the targets proposed by the state as part of the social policy implementation, or lagging behind them.Methods: the study uses a methodology of calculating the modified advance coefficient, which determines the growth rate of employees’ wages in comparison with the growth rate of the target indicator in the regions. The modified methodology also provides for accounting for the impact of horizontal unevenness on wages in science, which triggers the “middle income trap”. Due to this trap, measurements of the effectiveness of public policy in the studied area are not amenable to clear categorization. The coefficient implies taking into account the growth rate of wages of researchers, the growth rate of the target indicator and the weight of the region (which in turn reflects the formation of conditions for decent wages for all employees in the Russian Federation subject).Results: according to calculations based on Rosstat data for 2021, only one region showed an advanced growth rate of researchers’ salaries (Leningradskaya oblast). In the remaining 79 Russian Federation subjects, the growth rate of wages in science is lagging behind the growth rate of the target indicator (i.e., they have not used all the opportunities for the formation of decent earnings of researchers). The achievement of the target indicator (200% of the average wage of employees in the region) in these territories is due to the growth of salaries of a limited part of the staff.Scientific novelty: the study determined an algorithm for monitoring the advanced wage growth of researchers in the Russian regions and the principles of public policy (as a set of fundamental and institutional solutions) that will contribute to the formation of decent wages in Russian science.Practical significance: the main provisions and conclusions of the article can be used to form a system of state monitoring of wages in budgetary sectors, as well as to improve the “Science” national project.