bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SPACA6 ectodomain structure reveals a conserved superfamily of gamete fusion-associated proteins
Authors: Vance Tyler D. R. , Yip Patrick , Jiménez Elisabet , Li Sheng , Gawol Diana , Byrnes James , Usón Isabel , Ziyyat Ahmed , Lee Jeffrey E. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSPACA6 is a sperm-expressed surface protein that is critical for gamete fusion during mammalian sexual reproduction. Despite this fundamental role, little is known about how SPACA6 specifically functions. We elucidated the crystal structure of the SPACA6 ectodomain at 2.2-Å resolution, revealing a two-domain protein containing a four-helix bundle and Ig-like β-sandwich connected via a quasi-flexible linker. This structure is reminiscent of IZUMO1, another gamete fusion-associated protein, making SPACA6 and IZUMO1 founding members of a superfamily of fertilization-associated proteins, herein dubbed the IST superfamily. The IST superfamily is defined structurally by its distorted four-helix bundle and a pair of disulfide-bonded CXXC motifs. A structure-based search of the AlphaFold human proteome identified more protein members to this superfamily; remarkably, many of these proteins are linked to gamete fusion. The SPACA6 structure and its connection to other IST-superfamily members provide a missing link in our knowledge of mammalian gamete fusion.
Frontoparietal connectivity as a product of convergent evolution in rodents and primates: functional connectivity topologies in grey squirrels, rats, and marmosets
Authors: Schaeffer David J. , Gilbert Kyle M. , Bellyou Miranda , Silva Afonso C. , Everling Stefan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractRobust frontoparietal connectivity is a defining feature of primate cortical organization. Whether mammals outside the primate order, such as rodents, possess similar frontoparietal functional connectivity organization is a controversial topic. Previous work has primarily focused on comparing mice and rats to primates. However, as these rodents are nocturnal and terrestrial, they rely much less on visual input than primates. Here, we investigated the functional cortical organization of grey squirrels which are diurnal and arboreal, thereby better resembling primate ecology. We used ultra-high field resting-state fMRI data to compute and compare the functional connectivity patterns of frontal regions in grey squirrels (Sciurus carolinensis), rats (Rattus norvegicus), and marmosets (Callithrix jacchus). We utilized a fingerprinting analysis to compare interareal patterns of functional connectivity from seeds across frontal cortex in all three species. The results show that grey squirrels, but not rats, possess a frontoparietal connectivity organization that resembles the connectivity pattern of marmoset lateral prefrontal cortical areas. Since grey squirrels and marmosets have acquired an arboreal way of life but show no common arboreal ancestor, the expansion of the visual system and the formation of a frontoparietal connectivity architecture might reflect convergent evolution driven by similar ecological niches in primates and tree squirrels.
Non-destructive mapping of stress and strain in soft thin films through sound waves
Authors: Li Guo-Yang , Gower Artur L. , Destrade Michel , Yun Seok-Hyun 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMeasuring the in-plane mechanical stress in a taut membrane is challenging, especially if its material parameters are unknown or altered by the stress. Yet being able to measure the stress is of fundamental interest to basic research and practical applications that use soft membranes, from engineering to tissues. Here, we present a robust non-destructive technique to measure directly in-situ stress and strain in soft thin films without the need to calibrate material parameters. Our method relies on measuring the speed of elastic waves propagating in the film. Using optical coherence tomography, we verify our method experimentally for a stretched rubber membrane, a piece of cling film (about 10 μm thick), and the leather skin of a traditional Irish frame drum. We find that our stress predictions are highly accurate and anticipate that our technique could be useful in applications ranging from soft matter devices to biomaterial engineering and medical diagnosis.
Destabilization of carbon in tropical peatlands by enhanced weathering
Authors: Klemme Alexandra , Rixen Tim , Müller Moritz , Notholt Justus , Warneke Thorsten 
Published: September 2022

AbstractEnhanced weathering is a carbon dioxide (CO2) removal strategy that accelerates the CO2 uptake and removal from the atmosphere by weathering via the dispersion of rock powder. Warm and humid conditions enhance weathering and among the suggested target areas for enhanced weathering are tropical peatlands. However, the effect of enhanced weathering on peatland carbon stocks is poorly understood. Here, we present estimates for the response of CO2 emissions from tropical peat soils, rivers and coastal waters to changing soil acidity induced by enhanced weathering application. We estimate that the potential carbon uptake associated with enhanced weathering is reduced by 18–60% by land-based re-emission of CO2 and is potentially offset completely by emissions from coastal waters. Our findings suggest that in contrast to the desired impact, enhanced weathering may destabilize the natural carbon cycle in tropical peatlands that act as important carbon sinks and protect against coastal erosion.
Social Co‐OS: Cyber‐human social Co‐operating system
Authors: Kato Takeshi , Kudo Yasuyuki , Miyakoshi Junichi , Owa Misa , Asa Yasuhiro , Numata Takashi , Mine Ryuji , Mizuno Hiroyuki 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe novel concept of a Cyber‐Human Social System (CHSS) and a diverse and pluralistic ‘mixed‐life society’ is proposed, wherein cyber and human societies commit to each other. This concept enhances the Cyber‐Physical System (CPS), which is associated with the current Society 5.0, a social vision realised through the fusion of cyber (virtual) and physical (real) spaces following information society (Society 4.0 and Industry 4.0). Moreover, the CHSS enhances the Human‐CPS, the Human‐in‐the‐Loop CPS (HiLCPS), and the Cyber‐Human System by intervening in individual behaviour pro‐socially and supporting consensus building. As a form of architecture that embodies the CHSS concept, the Cyber‐Human Social Co‐Operating System (Social Co‐OS) that combines cyber and human societies is shown. In this architecture, the cyber and human systems cooperate through the fast loop (operation and administration) and slow loop (consensus and politics). Furthermore, the technical content and current implementation of the basic functions of the Social Co‐OS are described. These functions consist of individual behavioural diagnostics, interventions in the fast loop, group decision diagnostics and consensus building in the slow loop. Subsequently, this system will contribute to mutual aid communities and platform cooperatives.
Path planning of hyper‐redundant manipulators for narrow spaces
Authors: Su Haoxiang , Liu Manlu , Liu Hongwei , Huo Jianwen , Gou Songlin , Su Qing 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCompared with the traditional manipulator, the hyper‐redundant manipulator has the advantage of high flexibility, which is particularly suitable for all kinds of complex working environments. However, the complex space environment requires the hyper‐redundant manipulator to have stronger obstacle avoidance ability and adaptability. In order to solve the problems of a large amount of calculation and poor obstacle avoidance effects in the path planning of the hyper‐redundant manipulator, this paper introduces the ‘backbone curve’ approach, which transforms the problem of solving joint path points into the behaviour of determining the backbone curve. After the backbone curve approach is used to design the curve that meets the requirements of obstacle avoidance and the end pose, the least squares fitting and the improved space joint fitting are used to match the plane curve and the space curve respectively, and the angle value of each joint of the manipulator is limited by the algorithm. Furthermore, a fusion obstacle avoidance algorithm is proposed to obtain the joint path points of the hyper‐redundant manipulator. Compared with the classic Jacobian iteration method, this method can avoid obstacles better, has the advantages of simple calculation, high efficiency, and can fully reflect the geometric characteristics of the manipulator. Simulation experiments have proven the feasibility of the algorithm.
Low‐complexity and robust MLP‐mixer aided detector design based on deep learning for differential subcarrier index modulation
Authors: Zhang Haotian , Jiang Yuan , Zhao Lei 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDifferential subcarrier index modulation (DSIM) system provides resource efficient information transmission without the need of channel state information and equalisation. However, maximum likelihood detector applied in DSIM possesses high complexity, which obstructs its practical application. To address this issue, in this letter, an intelligent detector is proposed to learn the transmission patterns of DSIM to demodulate the received signals with lower complexity. In this design, the received signals are pre‐processed based on the domain knowledge at first, and then input to the deep neural network composed of multi‐layer perceptrons for further bit data estimation. Complexity analysis is provided to demonstrate the superiority of the proposed design, and simulation results validate that the intelligent detector can achieve similar average bit error rate with higher robustness compared with the benchmark system.
Prediction of strain engineerings that amplify recombinant protein secretion through the machine learning approach MaLPHAS
Authors: Markova Evgenia A. , Shaw Rachel E. , Reynolds Christopher R. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis article presents a discussion of the process of precision fermentation (PF), describing the history of the space, the expected 70% growth over the next 5 years, various applications of precision fermented products, and the markets available to be disrupted by the technology. A range of prokaryotic and eukaryotic host organisms used for PF are described, with the advantages, disadvantages and applications of each. The process of setting up PF and strain engineering is described, as well as various ways that computational analysis and design techniques can be employed to assist PF engineering. The article then describes the design and implementation of a machine learning method, machine learning predictions having amplified secretion (MaLPHAS) to predict strain engineerings, which optimise the secretion of a recombinant protein. This approach showed an in silico cross‐validated R2 accuracy on the training data of up to 46.6% and in an in vitro test on a Komagataella phaffii strain, identified one gene engineering out of five predicted, which was shown to double the secretion of a heterologous protein and outperform three of the best‐known edits from the literature for improving secretion in K. phaffii.
A dynamic optimization method for power distribution network operation with high ratio photovoltaics
Authors: Liu Keyan , Zhan Huiyu , Wei Yuhan , Kang Tianyuan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWith the high ratio distributed photovoltaics (PVs) penetration to the distribution network (DN), the bearing capacity, integration capacity, consuming capacity and controlling capacity of DN for PVs are all facing great challenges. Enhancing the flexible regulation and operation optimization capabilities of DN have become key factors to satisfy these new challenges. For the operation optimization problem of high ratio PVs penetration, a novel quasi‐equal curtailment ratio (QCR) constraint of PVs is proposed in the dynamic optimization method for DN operation. Firstly, the uncertainty of high ratio PVs and their active power deviations are discussed. And a dynamic optimization framework of PVs based on optimal power flow (OPF) has been proposed. Secondly, the optimization model for high ratio PVs is formulated with multi‐objective of maximum PVs output, minimum voltage deviation and minimum line loss, under the equality and inequality constraints of power flow, PVs power generation limit, QCR of PVs and so on. Then the multi‐objective optimization problem (MOP) is transformed into a single‐objective optimization problem (SOP) by weighting coefficients, and solved by sequential quadratic programming (SQP) with trust‐region (TR) searching algorithm. Finally, the proposed method is tested, verified and compared with the primal dual interior point (PDIP) and traditional SQP algorithms in IEEE 33‐bus, PG&E 69‐bus, 292‐bus and 1180‐bus test cases. The experimental results show the rapidity and robustness of the proposed method.
A distributed model predictive control method combined with delay compensator for multiple vehicle platoons
Authors: Xu Mingchang , Luo Yugong , Kong Weiwei , Li Keqiang 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWith an increasing number of vehicles on the road, multiple‐vehicle platoons have become a new solution under communication constraints. However, the existing studies seldom consider the effect of the tail vehicle on the information transfer and platoon control over long distances, and thus the control performance under time‐varying delays is unacceptable. In this study, a hierarchical multi‐platoon control architecture considering the backbone platoon and sub‐platoons is proposed under non‐ideal communication conditions, where the backbone platoon layer communication topology is designed to achieve backbone platoon control and appropriate coordination among sub‐platoons. Distributed model predictive controllers (DMPCs) for backbone‐ and sub‐platoons that integrate delay compensation have been proposed. Buffers and delay compensators in the proposed DMPC are designed to reduce the interference caused by non‐ideal communications. The asymptotic stability is analyzed at the sub‐ and multi‐platoon levels. The results show that compared with traditional DMPC without a compensator, the proposed DMPC can eliminate the velocity lag and steady‐state spacing errors and maintain the maximum velocity and spacing errors within 0.11 m/s and 0.17 m, respectively, under certain operating conditions. Thus, the proposed method guarantees the stability of multiple platoons under both the constant and time‐varying delay conditions.
A numerical study of the interplay between Fermi acceleration mechanisms in radio lobes of FR-II radio galaxies
Authors: Kundu Sayan , Vaidya Bhargav , Mignone Andrea , Hardcastle Martin J. 
Published: September 2022

Context. Radio-loud active galactic nuclei (AGNs) are thought to possess various sites of particle acceleration, which gives rise to the observed nonthermal spectra. Stochastic turbulent acceleration (STA) and diffusive shock acceleration (DSA) are commonly cited as potential sources of high-energy particles in weakly magnetized environments. Together, these acceleration processes and various radiative losses determine the emission characteristics of these extragalactic radio sources.
Aims. The purpose of this research is to investigate the dynamical interplay between the STA and DSA in the radio lobes of FR-II radio galaxies, as well as the manner in which these acceleration mechanisms, along with a variety of radiative losses, collectively shape the emission features seen in these extragalactic sources.
Methods. A phenomenologically motivated model of STA is considered and subsequently employed on a magnetohydrodynamically simulated radio lobe through a novel hybrid Eulerian-Lagrangian framework.
Results. STA gives rise to a curved particle spectrum that is morphologically different from the usual shock-accelerated spectrum. As a consequence of this structural difference in the underlying particle energy spectrum, various multiwavelength features arise in the spectral energy distribution of the radio lobe. Additionally, we observe enhanced diffuse X-ray emission from radio lobes for cases where STA is taken into account in addition to DSA.
Posters Presented at North American Skull Base Society 2016–2018: What Factors Influence Their Publication?
Authors: Yang S. Daniel , Seu Michelle , Qiao James B. , Tsiang John Ta-Hsiang , Pecoraro Nathan , Germanwala Anand V. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Objective Research productivity impacts an individual's academic credentials and serves to advance the field of neurosurgery at large. Poster presentations allow researchers to share preliminary results with respected colleagues; however, more critical is the ability to publish peer-reviewed articles. Key factors that lead posters to journal publication are not well understood and difficult to quantify. This study investigates the association between bibliometrics of authors who presented posters at the North American Skull Base Society (NASBS) meeting and odds of journal publication.
Methods Posters from the 2016 to 2018 NASBS archive were reviewed. Hirsch-index (h-index) of first (FH) and senior (SH) authors, research type, research topic, and number of poster authors (nAuthPost) were collected. For posters published as journal articles, number of days from poster presentation to publication (nDays), number of authors in published articles (nAuthArt), and journal impact factor (JIF) were recorded.
Results One-hundred sixty-nine of 481 posters (35.1%) were published as articles. Median FH and SH for published versus unpublished posters were 7 versus 5 (p = 0.01) and 29 versus 19 (p < 0.001), respectively. When adjusted with multivariate regression, only SH (p < 0.001) and nAuthPost (p = 0.001) were significantly associated with odds of publication. Median (interquartile range [IQR]) nDays was 361 (394). Increased authors from poster to article (p = 0.017) and lower FH (p = 0.08) were correlated with increased time to publication. Median (IQR) JIF for all publications was 1.723 (1.068).
Conclusions Bibliometrics such as h-index and number of authors from posters can help objectively characterize and predict future success in research productivity.
Marketing financial services in Africa: exploring the heterogeneous middle-class consumer across nine countries
Authors: Chikweche Tendai , Lappeman James , Egan Paul 
Published: September 2022

AbstractOur paper investigates how the heterogeneous structure of the middle class in sub-Saharan Africa influences its consumption of financial services, identifying drivers for their selection of these services. Implications for marketing practice are outlined. This research is an across-country city-based exploratory study in ten cities where structured questionnaires were used in interviews to obtain information from respondents over a period of 2 years. Our findings identify the importance of the financial realities of the three middle-class groups of the Accomplished, Comfortable and Vulnerable on their consumption of financial services and answer the question of what drives demand for these services. The three groups have varied spending and saving habits, perceptions of financial services and financial aspirations. We identify six key drivers for selecting services, namely availability, accessibility, affordability, status, security and trust. Technology is a key mediating variable of the marketing mix considerations. Marketing practice implications indicated a need for marketers to recognise the importance of the heterogeneity of the middle class and its influence on segmentation strategies. Opportunities for new approaches to new product development and marketing communication strategies that leverage the heterogeneity of the middle class are outlined. Marketers should also consider the varied influence of the drivers for the choice of financial services among the three groups. Our findings reinforce the need and potential that exist for financial services providers to improve the financial inclusion of previously marginalised consumers.
Performance Information Use in a Purpose-Oriented Network: A Relational Perspective
Authors: Nakashima Manabu 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Performance information use is an essential component of performance management, which is an important tool to manage purpose-oriented networks (PONs). Conceptualizing performance information use in PONs as network members’ presentation, discussion, and interpretation of performance information during their interactions and communication, this study explores its drivers. Extant studies on performance information use in PONs point out an association between its use and the relationships among network members, but they lack specificity regarding the association. This study focuses on and theorizes that association, relying on network theory (especially the embeddedness approach) and resource dependence theory. Network analysis techniques (Multiple Regression Quadratic Assignment Procedure and Exponential Random Graph Modeling) are applied to investigate the theory empirically, using a pair (dyad) of network members as the unit of analysis. The data were collected from 21 members in a health and human services network serving children and youth with serious emotional disturbance in a US county. Two types of performance information were used in the PON: internally and externally produced information. Despite differences in the breadth and decision-making relevance of using information from these two sources, network analyses identify three relational characteristics consistently associated with the dyads’ use of internal and external performance information: (1) frequency of communication; (2) centrality of position; and (3) extent of mutual dependency. These findings suggest that network members are likely to use performance information in relationships where the benefits of developing a shared understanding of network performance outweigh the costs of using it.
Density distribution function of a self-gravitating isothermal turbulent fluid in the context of molecular cloud ensembles – III. Virial analysis
Authors: Donkov S , Stefanov I Zh , Veltchev T V , Klessen R S 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT
In this work, we apply virial analysis to the model of self-gravitating turbulent cloud ensembles introduced by Donkov & Stefanov in two previous papers, clarifying some aspects of turbulence and extending the model to account not only for supersonic flows but for trans- and subsonic ones as well. Making use of the Eulerian virial theorem at an arbitrary scale, far from the cloud core, we derive an equation for the density profile and solve it in approximate way. The result confirms the solution ϱ(ℓ) = ℓ−2 found in the previous papers. This solution corresponds to three possible configurations for the energy balance. For trans- or subsonic flows, we obtain a balance between the gravitational and thermal energy (Case 1) or between the gravitational, turbulent, and thermal energies (Case 2) while for supersonic flows, the possible balance is between the gravitational and turbulent energy (Case 3). In Cases 1 and 2, the energy of the fluid element can be negative or zero; thus the solution is dynamically stable and shall be long lived. In Case 3, the energy of the fluid element is positive or zero, i.e. the solution is unstable or at best marginally bound. At scales near the core, one cannot neglect the second derivative of the moment of inertia of the gas, which prevents derivation of an analytic equation for the density profile. However, we obtain that gas near the core is not virialized and its state is marginally bound since the energy of the fluid element vanishes.