bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
LAFITE Reveals the Complexity of Transcript Isoforms in Subcellular Fractions
Authors: Zhang Jizhou , Lin Xiao , Chen Yuelong , Li Tsz‐Ho , Lee Alan Chun‐Kit , Chow Eugene Yui‐Ching , Cho William Chi‐Shing , Chan Ting‐Fung 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCharacterization of the subcellular distribution of RNA is essential for understanding the molecular basis of biological processes. Here, the subcellular nanopore direct RNA‐sequencing (DRS) of four lung cancer cell lines (A549, H1975, H358, and HCC4006) is performed, coupled with a computational pipeline, Low‐abundance Aware Full‐length Isoform clusTEr (LAFITE), to comprehensively analyze the full‐length cytoplasmic and nuclear transcriptome. Using additional DRS and orthogonal data sets, it is shown that LAFITE outperforms current methods for detecting full‐length transcripts, particularly for low‐abundance isoforms that are usually overlooked due to poor read coverage. Experimental validation of six novel isoforms exclusively identified by LAFITE further confirms the reliability of this pipeline. By applying LAFITE to subcellular DRS data, the complexity of the nuclear transcriptome is revealed in terms of isoform diversity, 3'‐UTR usage, m6A modification patterns, and intron retention. Overall, LAFITE provides enhanced full‐length isoform identification and enables a high‐resolution view of the RNA landscape at the isoform level.
MicroSweat: A Wearable Microfluidic Patch for Noninvasive and Reliable Sweat Collection Enables Human Stress Monitoring
Authors: Shajari Shaghayegh , Salahandish Razieh , Zare Azam , Hassani Mohsen , Moossavi Shirin , Munro Emily , Rashid Ruba , Rosenegger David , Bains Jaideep S. , Sanati Nezhad Amir 
Published: December 2022

AbstractStress affects cognition, behavior, and physiology, leading to lasting physical and mental illness. The ability to detect and measure stress, however, is poor. Increased circulating cortisol during stress is mirrored by cortisol release from sweat glands, providing an opportunity to use it as an external biomarker for monitoring internal emotional state. Despite the attempts at using wearable sensors for monitoring sweat cortisol, there is a lack of reliable wearable sweat collection devices that preserve the concentration and integrity of sweat biomolecules corresponding to stress levels. Here, a flexible, self‐powered, evaporation‐free, bubble‐free, surfactant‐free, and scalable capillary microfluidic device, MicroSweat, is fabricated to reliably collect human sweat from different body locations. Cortisol levels are detected corresponding to severe stress ranging from 25 to 125 ng mL−1 averaged across multiple body regions and 100–1000 ng mL−1 from the axilla. A positive nonlinear correlation exists between cortisol concentration and stress levels quantified using the perceived stress scale (PSS). Moreover, owing to the sweat variation in response to environmental effects and physiological differences, the longitudinal and personalized profile of sweat cortisol is acquired, for the first time, for various body locations. The obtained sweat cortisol data is crucial for analyzing human stress in personalized and clinical healthcare sectors.
Fundamentals and Scientific Challenges in Structural Design of Cathode Materials for Zinc‐Ion Hybrid Supercapacitors
Authors: Javed Muhammad Sufyan , Najam Tayyaba , Hussain Iftikhar , Idrees Muhammad , Ahmad Awais , Imran Muhammad , Shah Syed Shoaib Ahmad , Luque Rafael , Han Weihua 
Published: December 2022

AbstractOne of the most exciting new developments in energy storage technology is Zn‐ion hybrid supercapacitors (ZHSCs). ZHSCs combine Zn‐ion batteries with supercapacitors (SCs) to address the energy and power needs of portable devices and electric automobiles. Low energy density and the development of cathode material are significant issues for ZHSCs. This review provides an in‐depth investigation of charge storage mechanisms from SCs to ZHSCs. The advantages/disadvantages of ZHSCs, the recent development of cathode materials, and the new design for device fabrications are critically summarized. New cathode materials should be developed to achieve high energy density while preserving the inherent power capability and stability. People increasingly engage with smart electronic and hybrid gadgets, demanding flexible, resilient, and highly safe energy storage devices. ZHSC has emerged as a complete alternative to risky sodium‐ion/lithium‐ion technologies. An overview of all reported carbon‐based, biomass‐derived carbons, metal oxides, MOFs, COFs, MXenes, graphene, and composite materials employed for ZHSCs is comprehensively provided. Furthermore, cathode materials for flexible, micro, wire‐shaped, printed, and photo‐rechargeable ZHSCs are also examined with their practical challenges. This review is anticipated to offer valuable recommendations for designing and manipulating cathode materials for high‐performance ZHSCs to achieve real‐world applications.
Understanding and Minimizing VOC Losses in All‐Perovskite Tandem Photovoltaics
Authors: Thiesbrummel Jarla , Peña‐Camargo Francisco , Brinkmann Kai Oliver , Gutierrez‐Partida Emilio , Yang Fengjiu , Warby Jonathan , Albrecht Steve , Neher Dieter , Riedl Thomas , Snaith Henry J. , Stolterfoht Martin , Lang Felix 
Published: December 2022

AbstractUnderstanding performance losses in all‐perovskite tandem photovoltaics is crucial to accelerate advancements toward commercialization, especially since these tandem devices generally underperform in comparison to what is expected from isolated layers and single junction devices. Here, the individual sub‐cells in all‐perovskite tandem stacks are selectively characterized to disentangle the various losses. It is found that non‐radiative losses in the high‐gap subcell dominate the overall recombination in the baseline system, as well as in the majority of literature reports. Through a multi‐faceted approach, the open‐circuit voltage (VOC) of the high‐gap perovskite subcell is enhanced by 120 mV. Employing a novel (quasi) lossless indium oxide interconnect, this enables all‐perovskite tandem solar cells with 2.00 V VOC and 23.7% stabilized efficiency. Reducing transport losses as well as imperfect energy‐alignments boosts efficiencies to 25.2% and 27.0% as identified via subcell selective electro‐ and photo‐luminescence. Finally, it is shown how, having improved the VOC, improving the current density of the low‐gap absorber pushes efficiencies even further, reaching 25.9% efficiency stabilized, with an ultimate potential of 30.0% considering the bulk quality of both absorbers measured using photo‐luminescence. These insights not only show an optimization example but also a generalizable evidence‐based optimization strategy utilizing optoelectronic sub‐cell characterization.
Provenance, genotype, and flooding influence growth and resource acquisition characteristics in a clonal, riparian shrub
Authors: Palmquist Emily C. , Ogle Kiona , Whitham Thomas G. , Allan Gerard J. , Shafroth Patrick B. , Butterfield Bradley J. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPremiseRiparian plants can exhibit intraspecific phenotypic variability across the landscape related to temperature and flooding gradients. Phenotypes that vary across a climate gradient are often partly genetically determined and may differ in their response to inundation. Changes to inundation patterns across a climate gradient could thus result in site‐specific inundation responses. Phenotypic variability is more often studied in riparian trees, yet riparian shrubs are key elements of riparian systems and may differ from trees in phenotypic variability and environmental responses.MethodsWe tested whether individuals of a clonal, riparian shrub, Pluchea sericea, collected from provenances spanning a temperature gradient differed in their phenotypes and responses to inundation and to what degree any differences were related to genotype. Plants were subjected to different inundation depths and a subset genotyped. Variables related to growth and resource acquisition were measured and analyzed using hierarchical, multivariate Bayesian linear regressions.ResultsIndividuals from different provenances differed in their phenotypes, but not in their response to inundation. Phenotypes were not related to provenance temperature but were partially governed by genotype. Growth was more strongly influenced by inundation, while resource acquisition was more strongly controlled by genotype.ConclusionsGrowth and resource acquisition responses in a clonal, riparian shrub are affected by changes to inundation and plant demographics in unique ways. Shrubs appear to differ from trees in their responses to environmental change. Understanding environmental effects on shrubs separately from those of trees will be a key part of evaluating impacts of environmental change on riparian ecosystems.
Anesthesia outcomes in lysosomal disorders: CLN3 and GM1 gangliosidosis
Authors: Luckett Amelia , Yousef Muhammad , Tifft Cynthia , Jenkins Kisha , Smith Andrew , Munoz Andrea , Quimby Rachel , Porter Forbes D. , Dang Do An Ngoc 
Published: December 2022

AbstractNatural history studies of pediatric rare neurometabolic diseases are important to understand disease pathophysiology and to inform clinical trial outcome measures. Some data collections require sedation given participants' age and neurocognitive impairment. To evaluate the safety of sedation for research procedures, we reviewed medical records between April 2017 and October 2019 from a natural history study for CLN3 (NCT03307304) and one for GM1 gangliosidosis (NCT00029965). Twenty‐two CLN3 individuals underwent 28 anesthetic events (age median 11.0, IQR 8.4–15.3 years). Fifteen GM1 individuals had 19 anesthetic events (9.8, 7.1–14.7). All participants had the American Society of Anesthesiology classification of II (8/47) or III (39/47). Mean sedation durations were 186 (SD = 54; CLN3) and 291 (SD = 33; GM1) min. Individuals with GM1 (6/19, 31%) were more frequently prospectively intubated for sedation (CLN3 3/28, 11%). Minor adverse events associated with sedation occurred in 8/28 (28%, CLN3) and 6/19 (32%, GM1) individuals, frequencies within previously reported ranges. No major adverse clinical outcomes occurred in 47 anesthetic events in pediatric participants with either CLN3 or GM1 gangliosidosis undergoing research procedures. Sedation of pediatric individuals with rare neurometabolic diseases for research procedures is safe and allows for the collection of data integral to furthering their understanding and treatment.
Coordination of Polyketide Release and Multiple Detoxification Pathways for Tolerable Production of Fungal Mycotoxins
Authors: Cao Fei , Ma Lie‐Feng , Hu Long‐Shuang , Xu Chu‐Xuan , Chen Xuepeng , Zhan Zha‐Jun , Zhao Qing‐Wei , Mao Xu‐Ming 
Published: December 2022

AbstractEfficient biosynthesis of microbial bioactive natural products (NPs) is beneficial for the survival of producers, while self‐protection is necessary to avoid self‐harm resulting from over‐accumulation of NPs. The underlying mechanisms for the effective but tolerable production of bioactive NPs are not well understood. Herein, in the biosynthesis of two fungal polyketide mycotoxins aurovertin E (1) and asteltoxin, we show that the cyclases in the gene clusters promote the release of the polyketide backbone, and reveal that a signal peptide is crucial for their subcellular localization and full activity. Meanwhile, the fungus adopts enzymatic acetylation as the major detoxification pathway of 1. If intermediates are over‐produced, the non‐enzymatic shunt pathways work as salvage pathways to avoid excessive accumulation of the toxic metabolites for self‐protection. These findings provided new insight into the interplay of efficient backbone release and multiple detoxification strategies for the production of fungal bioactive NPs.
Synthesis, polymerization, and thermal properties of novel oxazine‐functional bismaleimides and their conversion to high performance benzoxazole resins
Authors: Xu Jilei , Chen Ping , Ma Shuaijiang , Zhu Guohao 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn this work, three bismaleimides containing cardo and ortho‐oxazine structures, with dual advantages of bismaleimide and benzoxazine resins, were synthesized. Their chemical structures were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The polymerization behaviors of bismaleimides were investigated using non‐isothermal differential scanning calorimetry and in situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Results showed that the inclusion of both, bismaleimide and benzoxazine, provided a new structure with better thermal stability and solubility, as compared to the same type and commercial bismaleimides. The ortho‐oxazine functionalized bismaleimide resin exhibited excellent thermal stability up to 440°C, whereas the carbon residue rate reached 73% at 800°C. Additionally, further thermal rearrangement of the internal structure of the polymer at high temperature provided a benzoxazole structure that had better thermal stability. The rearrangement due to the thermal changes was confirmed by in situ FTIR and solid‐state 13C‐NMR spectroscopy. Based on the micro calorimetry characterization, it is found that both the bismaleimide and the benzoxazole resins formed after thermal rearrangement have excellent flame‐retardant properties.
One‐step synthesis of silver nanoparticles exposed on the chitosan‐covered polyamide 6 electrospinning nanofibers
Authors: Lou Chenxi , Liu Xinwen , Yang Cong , Ye Fenxia , Zhou Qi 
Published: December 2022

AbstractA one‐step method was developed for synthesizing Ag nanoparticles exposed on the chitosan‐covered polyamide 6 (CS‐Ag@PA6) nanofibers by the in‐situ reduction of silver nitrate during the electrospinning process. The bioderived CS was employed as a stabilizer and chelating carrier of Ag0/Ag+ through its functional groups. CS was also used as a tractive agent to promote the surface migration of Ag atoms owing to its polyelectrolytic properties and immiscibility with PA6. Formic acid was used as the co‐solvent for PA6 and CS and the reducing agent for Ag+. It was verified that the Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs) with 31.7% Ag0 were embedded inside the pure PA6 nanofibers. However, the incorporation of CS achieved the AgNPs with an improved reduction efficiency (i.e., 67.5% of Ag0). In particular, the CS nanolayers were covered on the PA6 nanofiber skeleton, where the AgNPs migrated on the surface of the CS nanolayers. This surface migration of CS and AgNPS endowed a significantly enhanced catalytic activity to the reduction of 4‐nitrophenol, where the reduction rate constant (k) and turnover frequency (TOF) were an order of magnitude higher than that of the CS‐free nanofibers.
Integration of laser level survey, photogrammetry and GPR to examine the deterioration of Roman mosaics: A case study of Venus house, Volubilis, Morocco
Authors: Lachhab Ahmed , Benyassine El Mehdi , Atki Mustapha 
Published: December 2022

AbstractVolubilis was founded in the second century B.C. and was one of the largest cities on the fringe of the Roman Empire. In 1997, it was listed as a world cultural heritage site by United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) and is one of the most important archaeological sites of Morocco. Volubilis is renowned for its large number of mosaic floors. Among the major mosaics of Volubilis, and undoubtedly the most remarkable ones given their aesthetic and the variety of themes they hold, are found in the house of Venus. These mosaics have been restored between the 1940s and 1950s, but unfortunately, most of these restorations are past due or nearing their ends. Today, the mosaic floors are becoming unleveled, fractured and separated from their surrounding walls. These deteriorations can be triggered by many factors including inadequate foundation, a clayey soil beneath it sensitive to moisture and the heaving of the thin concrete layer due to the expansion of the soil. The corrosion of the reinforcing bars within these concrete slabs is enabling these deformations as well. The objective of this study is to examine the causes of the mosaics' deterioration by integrating three techniques including a laser level survey, photogrammetry using a small unmanned aircraft vehicles (UAV) and ground‐penetrating radar. The methodology adopted herein can generate documentation that can be used during the preparation and decision making prior to any restoration. The restoration should not only be focused on the visible tesserae on the surface but must also consider the entire layer of the mosaics. These techniques were applied to several mosaics in Volubilis, yet only two mosaics within the house of Venus were selected for this study, and the following findings were accomplished: (1) Void spaces were found beneath the mosaic floors, (2) presence of sinking and heaving of concrete slabs and (3) potential corrosion of rebars. The three methods used in this study were in perfect concurrence in showing how the settling of the concrete slab was directly related to the deteriorations visible on the mosaic surface.
Iron‐Catalysed [3+3] Annulation of Oxime Acetates and Enaminones towards the Synthesis of Multi‐Substituted Pyridines
Authors: Bodala Varaprasad , Podugu Rajitha Lakshmi , Yettula Kumari , Gollamudi Padmarao , Vidavalur Siddaiah , Pulipaka Shyamala 
Published: December 2022

AbstractA direct access to unsymmetrical and symmetrical multi‐substituted pyridines has been accomplished via iron‐catalysed [3+3] annulation of oxime acetates with enaminones. This protocol is featured by easily available starting materials, no requirement of expensive additives and ligands, operational simplicity, and good tolerance with diverse functional groups.
9‐Cyano‐10‐telluriumpyronin Derivatives as Red‐light‐activatable Raman Probes
Authors: Kawatani Minoru , Spratt Spencer J. , Fujioka Hiroyoshi , Shou Jingwen , Misawa Yoshihiro , Kojima Ryosuke , Urano Yasuteru , Ozeki Yasuyuki , Kamiya Mako 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPhotoactivatable fluorescence probes can track the dynamics of specific cells or biomolecules with high spatiotemporal resolution, but their broad absorption and emission peaks limit the number of wavelength windows that can be employed simultaneously. In contrast, the narrower peak width of Raman signals offers more scope for simultaneous discrimination of multiple targets, and therefore a palette of photoactivatable Raman probes would enable more comprehensive investigation of biological phenomena. Herein we report 9‐cyano‐10‐telluriumpyronin (9CN‐TeP) derivatives as photoactivatable Raman probes whose stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) intensity is enhanced by photooxidation of the tellurium atom. Modification to increase the stability of the oxidation product led to a julolidine‐like derivative, 9CN‐diMeJTeP, which is photo‐oxidized at the tellurium atom by red light irradiation to afford a sufficiently stable oxidation product with strong electronic pre‐resonance, resulting in a bathochromic shift of the absorption spectrum and increased SRS intensity.
Gebäudesimulation und BIM in der Architektenausbildung an der TU Dresden – Serie: Gebäudesimulation und Berechnungstools in der Lehre
Authors: Freudenberg Peggy , Weiss Dirk , Funcke Bastian 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDiese Artikelserie stellt den Einsatz von Computerprogrammen in der Hochschullehre der Bauphysik und Gebäudetechnik für Architekten und Bauingenieure vor.Der Artikel befasst sich mit der Integration von Gebäudesimulationstools in die Ausbildung von Architektinnen und Architekten an der Fakultät Architektur der TU Dresden. Im Gegensatz zur Ausbildung im Fachbereich Bauingenieurwesen, welche auf Nachweisrechnungen fokussiert ist, besteht für angehende Architektinnen und Architekten die Herausforderung darin, Erkenntnisse aus den Simulationsrechnungen in eine Optimierung des Entwurfs einfließen zu lassen. Datenaustauschformate und Building Information Modeling spielen vor diesem Hintergrund eine besondere Rolle. Diese Faktoren wurden an der Fakultät Architektur im Rahmen zweier Kurse eruiert, einem entwurfsbegleitenden Kurs und einem Vertiefungsseminar. In beiden Lehrformaten wurde der Einfluss von Entwurfsentscheidungen auf die Tageslichtversorgung, das Überhitzungsrisiko und das Versorgungskonzept (regenerative Energien) thematisiert. Dabei wurde mit den von den Studierenden erstellten CAD‐Modellen aus unterschiedlichen Softwareanwendungen gearbeitet und eine Überführung in BIM‐kompatible Austauschdatenformate erprobt (gbXML und IFC). Als Simulationstools kamen daher nur Softwareanwendungen in Frage, welche diese Datenformate einlesen können und die erforderlichen Simulationsrechnungen mit geringem Mehraufwand für die Modellüberprüfung und Modellkorrektur durchführen. Neben inhaltlichen Erkenntnissen zu den Entwurfsaufgaben konnten wertvolle Erfahrungen zur Datenüberführung gewonnen werden.
AlphaFold2: A versatile tool to predict the appearance of functional adaptations in evolution
Authors: Ponlachantra Khongpon , Suginta Wipa , Robinson Robert C. , Kitaoku Yoshihito 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe release of AlphaFold2 (AF2), a deep‐learning‐aided, open‐source protein structure prediction program, from DeepMind, opened a new era of molecular biology. The astonishing improvement in the accuracy of the structure predictions provides the opportunity to characterize protein systems from uncultured Asgard archaea, key organisms in evolutionary biology. Despite the accumulation in metagenomics‐derived Asgard archaea eukaryotic‐like protein sequences, limited structural and biochemical information have restricted the insight in their potential functions. In this review, we focus on profilin, an actin‐dynamics regulating protein, which in eukaryotes, modulates actin polymerization through (1) direct actin interaction, (2) polyproline binding, and (3) phospholipid binding. We assess AF2‐predicted profilin structures in their potential abilities to participate in these activities. We demonstrate that AF2 is a powerful new tool for understanding the emergence of biological functional traits in evolution.
Quantitative multicomponent analysis of a single marker–based simultaneous determination and quality assessment of nucleoside analogs from Qi Zhi capsules
Authors: Bai Biwei , Wang Xijun , Yang Le , Song Hongwei , Yan Guangli , Han Ying , Fang Heng , Sun Hui 
Published: December 2022

AbstractQi Zhi capsule (QZC) is approved by the State Drug Administration of China. The QZC consists of nine crude drugs, including astragalus, leeches, ground beetles, curcuma zedoary, hawthorn, semen cassiae, rhizoma sparganii,polygonum multiflorum,and peach kernel, of which leeches and ground beetles are Traditional Chinese Medicine of animal origin. Nucleosides are animal substances with pharmacological effects that are easy to extract and quantify. Different nucleoside analogs in distinct animal‐based formulations can be used to characterize animal‐based medicines. However, the quality control of a single indicator does not reflect the overall quality of Chinese medicine. Here, we developed a method to simultaneously determine the nucleoside analogs uracil, xanthine, hypoxanthine, uridine, guanine, and uric acid in QZCs using high‐performance liquid chromatography. Hypoxanthine was used as an internal reference to determine relative correction factors for the other five components. The six components were determined in ten different batches of QZCs. There was no significant difference between the quantitative multicomponent analysis of a single marker and the external standard method. The relative standard deviation of total nucleosides analogs of 10 batches of samples was 7%. This method can be applied to simultaneously determine multiple active components in QZCs and other nucleoside analog drugs, enabling multi‐indicator quality control.