bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
AD-RISK FACTORS AND TIMED UP AND GO TASKS IN IMPAIRED AND UNIMPAIRED OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Price Ashley , Stradtman Megan , Alber Jessica , Durkin Maeve 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The Timed Up and Go (TUG) is a clinical assessment tool evaluating mobility and dual-task function. This study examined TUG performance in a sample of cognitively unimpaired (CU) older adults at low risk (LR)/high risk (HR) for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and a group of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients. 194 older adults aged 55-80 (82 M, 112 F) comprised 3 groups: 75 CU LR, 76 CU HR, and 32 MCI. Having at least one copy of the APOE E4 allele designated CU participants as high risk for AD. The TUG is a 20-foot walking task, and TUG-DT adds serial subtractions to the original task to determine dual-task cost (DTC). Both TUG and TUG-DT tasks were completed (2 runs each) during clinical assessment. DTC was calculated for both number of steps and time to completion to determine the change in performance from single to dual task. Univariate ANOVA assessed the group differences in key TUG outcome variables (number of steps, time to completion). Though the completion time for TUG-run1 was as expected (LR&lt; HR&lt; MCI), practice effects were suspected in TUG-run2 as group completion times were not significantly different. Additionally, significant differences were identified in TUG-DT time between LR and MCI (p=&lt; 0.001) and HR and MCI (p=0.003). There were significant differences in TUG/TUG-DT steps between the LR and HR groups and LR and MCI. This suggests improved gait efficiency in the LR CU group, compared to both the HR and the patient group. DTC for time or steps showed no significant group differences.
AGING TRAJECTORY OF THE JAPAN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY AGENCY INDEX OF COMPETENCE (JST-IC): THE OTASSHA STUDY
Authors: Kawai Hisashi , Imamura Keigo , Ejiri Manami , Sasai Hiroyuki , Fujiwara Yoshinori , Ihara Kazushige , Hirano Hirohiko , Obuchi Shuichi 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The Japan Science and Technology Agency Index of Competence (JST-IC) was developed to measure higher levels of competence than measured by the Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Index of Competence (TMIG-IC), which evaluates higher-level functional capacity necessary for independent daily life. This study compared the aging trajectory between the JST-IC and TMIG-IC among community-dwelling older Japanese individuals. The participants were 775 adults who participated in the health check-up of the Otassha study three or more times between 2014 and 2019. Three patterns of aging trajectories of the JST-IC and TMIG-IC were identified using group-based trajectory modeling. Each subscale trajectory of the JST-IC included technology usage, information practices, life management, and social engagement. Scores for the high (30.4%), medium (15.5%), and low (15.2%) JST-IC trajectories decreased by 1-2 points according to age. High stability (49.9%), late-onset decrease (41.2%), and early onset decrease (8.9%) TMIG-IC trajectories were identified, and the late-onset and early onset decrease groups decreased by 1-3 points with age. Scores for technology usage, life management, and social engagement declined with age, similar to the total score of the JST-IC; however, scores for information practice tended to remain at the same level as at 65 years of age. The participants in this study participated in a longitudinal survey, and higher-level functional capacity was almost maintained; however, we found that the JST-IC score gradually declined with age in all patterns. It has been suggested that this decline is associated with a decline in technology usage, life management, and social engagement.
DEPRESSION ANXIETY STRESS SCALE IN OLDER ADULTS: ITEM RESPONSE THEORY AND CONFIRMATORY FACTOR MODELS
Authors: Liu Wen , Zimmerman M Bridget , Hadlandsmyth Katherine , Smith Tracey , Buckwalter Joseph A , Green David M , Dindo Lilian , Rakel Barbara 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The Depression Anxiety & Stress Scale (DASS) is a commonly used tool to assess patient-reported symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress, and has been translated into multiple languages. This study examined the psychometric properties of DASS in older U.S. Veterans who experience knee pain prior to Total Knee Arthroplasty. A total of 660 Veterans (age 66.7 □ 9.1 years; 88% male; 72.2% white, 61% married) were consented and screened for enrollment in an on-going, double-blind, two-arm, randomized controlled trial, evaluating the efficacy of an Acceptance and Commitment Therapy intervention. All Veterans completed DASS during post-consent screening. Confirmatory Factor Analysis was conducted to examine the fit of the data to a 3-factor structure (Depression, Anxiety, Stress). After unidimensionality was confirmed, Item Response Theory (IRT) analysis was conducted to examine item difficulty and discrimination within each factor. The 3-factor structure showed desirable model fit such that there were strong correlations among three factors (r ranges =.837-.883, p&lt;.001). The three factors showed acceptable to desirable internal consistency (Cronbach alpha=0.904 for Depression, 0.767 for Anxiety, 0.883 for Stress). DASS showed acceptable model fit as a 3-factor model to IRT. Items in each factor showed acceptable discriminations and spread evenly on difficulty levels. Item and test information curves were unimodal and nearly symmetric. DASS has been adopted worldwide as a self-report assessment of distress. Findings support the use of the 3-factor structure in older Veterans. Further research is needed to investigate performance of DASS in Veterans with more diversity in gender and socioeconomic status.
DYNAPENIA-OBESITY AND PHYSICAL FUNCTION AMONG MEXICAN AMERICAN OLDER ADULTS: NATIVITY DIFFERENCES
Authors: Brandt Anita , Snih Soham Al 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We used data from the Hispanic Established Population for the Epidemiological Study of the Elderly to examine nativity differences in the relationship between dynapenia-obesity and physical function decline over 12-years of follow-up (2004/05-2016) among 767 Mexican Americans aged ≥75 years with a score ≥7 on the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) at baseline. Measures included socio-demographics, medical conditions, body mass index (BMI), depressive symptoms, cognitive function, and disability. Dynapenia was defined as handgrip strength (&lt; 27 Kg in males and &lt; 17 Kg in females). Obesity was defined as BMI ≥30 Kg/m2. Participants were grouped into four groups: No dynapenia – No obesity (n=360), obesity only (n=135), dynapenia only (n=203), and dynapenia-obesity (n=60). Physical function was assessed with the SPPB test. Linear Mixed models were used to estimate the population average change in SPPB as a function of dynapenia-obesity groups by nativity, controlling for all covariates. Participants with dynapenia only experienced a greater (β=-0.75, SE=0.24, p-value=0.0016) decline in physical function compared to those with No dyanpenia – No obesity among US-Born, controlling for all covariates. Participants with dynapenia-obesity group experienced a greater (β=-1.72, SE=0.53, p-value=0.0015) decline in physical function compared to those with No dynapenia – No obesity among foreign-born, controlling for all covariates. In conclusion, the relationship between dynapenia-obesity groups and physical function decline differed by nativity. Dyanpenia-obesity only was associated with decline in physical function among foreign-born. These findings highlight the need to promote healthy weight and improve muscle strength to prevent physical function decline in this population.
EVALUATING PSYCHOMETRIC PROPERTIES OF THE SOCIAL FRAIL INDEX IN COMMUNITY-DWELLING OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Roopsawang Inthira , Aree-Ue Suparb , Chintapanyakun Teepatad 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Social frailty has become a concern issue in older adults since it has a negative impact on older adults’ health with various dimensions including physical and mental health leading to a decline in the ability to self-care, increasing depression, or engaging in social activities. The original version of the Social Frail Index—Japanese— has been translated into various languages, but no information is available in Thai language. The aim of this cross-sectional study, therefore, was to evaluate the valid and psychometric properties of the Social Frail Index Thai version to further explore social frailty and its associated health consequences in Thai older adults. After translation using back translation technique, the Social Frail Index was confirmed for its validity and reliability in 380 dwelling-community Thai older adults living in four regions in Thailand. Participants responded to the Demographic and Health Information Questionnaire and the Social Frail Index. Results revealed that the item-level content validity index (I-CVI) and scale-level content validity index based on the universal agreement method (S-CVI/UA) were 0.96 and 0.80, respectively. The construct validity— Confirmatory Factor Analysis—confirmed that the model showed a well fit for the whole model. The factor loading ranged from.331 to.969 with a variance of 11.00-93.90. For its reliability, inter-ratter reliability of Kappa coefficient was.87 and internal consistency reliability of Cronbach Alpha was.80, indicating a good level. It can be concluded that the Social Frail Index Thai version was valid and reliable for evaluating social frailty in Thai older adults.
EXAMINING THE DIMENSIONALITY OF FUNCTIONAL DISABILITY MEASURES FOR OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Upton Rachel , Robinson Kristen 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The National Survey of Older Americans Act Participants (NSOAAP) is an annual survey that evaluates programs on aging funded by Title III of the Older Americans Act (OAA). This session will discuss a cross-sectional study that used item factor analysis (IFA) and 2021 NSOAAP data to examine the dimensionality of functional disability measures used to classify older adults potentially at-risk for nursing home placement. Functional disabilities comprised limitations in activities of daily living (ADLs) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs). ADLs were defined as basic physical tasks required for independently caring for oneself (e.g., eating, bathing) (Fleishman, Spector, & Altman, 2002). IADLs similarly involved independent living activities such as going outside or performing housework. Research suggests that older adults can be classified as potentially at-risk for institutionalization if they display three or more functional disabilities (Tillery, 2021). However, no studies have examined whether current ADL-/IADL-limitation measures used to identify potentially at-risk older adults were unidimensional, such that these measures were accurately scored as reflecting a single construct versus being broken down into multiple, multidimensional subscales (Reise et al., 2010). Analyses focused on caregivers who reported ADL-/IADL-limitations for their care recipients and received OAA Title III caregiver support services within the past year. IFA models indicated that the ADL-limitation measure exhibited a unidimensional factor structure. Bifactor models suggested that the IADL-limitation measure was not unidimensional, with a significant portion of item variance attributed to additional subdomains or subscale(s). Overall, findings reveal the importance of assessing dimensionality for functional disability measures.
IDENTIFICATION OF ITEMS ASSESSING GENERATIVITY AND EGO INTEGRITY IN A LONGITUDINAL STUDY OF AGING
Authors: Duchow Olivia , James Bryan , Yoneda Tomiko 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Generativity, the seventh stage from Erikson’s psychosocial stages of development, is defined as the willingness to guide and inspire younger generations to promote generational wellbeing. The final stage, ego integrity, is characterized by an overall sense of life accomplishment and fulfillment. Although reminiscence therapy increases generativity and ego integrity, the extent to which these constructs are associated with health outcomes in older adulthood is unclear, as most work in this field relies on experimental designs and small samples. Thus, in the current work, we aim to develop a scale assessing generativity and ego integrity based on items administered to older adults in the Memory and Aging Project (MAP; N=~1700; Mage=65 years), which is a longitudinal study of older adults in the Chicago region with up to 24 annual measurement occasions until death. Development of this scale will permit follow-up investigation of the impact of generativity and ego integrity on long-term health outcomes, such as incident dementia diagnosis and mortality risk. Based on the existing literature, we identified numerous generativity and ego integrity scales (k=12). We then identified all potential items administered to MAP participants that may overlap with these items. Using artificial intelligence, we identified conceptually overlapping items to create a novel scale assessing generativity and ego integrity in MAP. We will report the discriminant validity, construct validity, and test-retest reliability of this scale.
MONTREAL COGNITIVE ASSESSMENT SURVEY ADAPTATION IN A COMMUNITY-BASED OLDER ADULT SAMPLE, 2019–2020 NHANES
Authors: Walker Jenny , Patel Roshni , Omura John , Ali Akilah , Olivari Benjamin , McGuire Lisa 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The U.S. population is aging. Some degree of cognitive change is expected as a natural part of healthy aging. Understanding the prevalence of potential impairments in community-based samples is necessary for prioritization of public health efforts. We analyzed Montreal Cognitive Assessment Survey Adaptation (MoCA-SA) data from the 2019-2020 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). The full MoCA-SA was administered to a convenience sample of 1,123 individuals aged ≥60 years. Excluding incomplete inventories yielded a final analytic sample of 895. The MoCA-SA contains 20 items and is scored 0-20, with values &lt; 17 indicative of lower cognitive performance. Scores were also analyzed for 8 subscales: orientation, naming, visual construction, executive function, attention, language fluency, abstraction, and memory. Estimates were stratified across three age categories: 60-69, 70-79, and ≥80 years. Overall, 71.2% (unweighted; 95% CI 68.2-74.1) of participants aged ≥60 years scored &lt; 17. People aged ≥80 years scored significantly lower on the orientation and memory and higher on abstraction than those aged 60-69 years. No age-related differences were identified in the remaining subscales. While changes in cognition are a normal part of aging, not all changes are healthy. Only a healthcare provider can diagnose cognitive impairments such as Alzheimer’s disease. People experiencing changes in cognition that interfere with daily life should speak with their healthcare provider about their concerns and ways to promote brain health. Additional work is needed to determine how the MoCA-SA corresponds to cognitive functioning in daily life and which subscales may drive differences in community samples.
SENSITIVITY OF FALL RISK CUTOFFS USING LAB AND REMOTE MEASURES ON OLDER PROSTATE CANCER SURVIVORS
Authors: Guidarelli Carolyn , Stoyles Sydnee , Dieckmann Nathan , Sokolova Alexandra , Graff Julie , Roeland Eric , Winters-Stone Kerri 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Prostate cancer survivors (PCS) treated with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) have increased fall risk due to treatment-related side effects on musculoskeletal health. Fall risk is typically measured in the lab or clinic using objective assessments validated in community-dwelling older adults. It is unknown whether the same cutoffs will identify PCS at risk of falls. Conducting these assessments remotely has become more prevalent in research; however, it remains unclear whether different cutoffs are required using this modality. Thus, we explored the sensitivity and specificity of traditional fall risk cutoff scores using lab and remote measures to correctly classify faller status among older PCS. We used baseline data on 243 older (mean age 74.5 years) PCS from the GET FIT Prostate trial (NCT03741335). We captured fall history over the past year and completed lab and/or remote assessments of the 3-meter Timed Up and Go (TUG), 4-meter usual walk (4mUW), 5x Sit-to-Stand (5xSTS), and short physical performance battery (sPPB). We classified fall risk as TUG ≥13.5s, 4mUW ≤1.0m/s, 5xSTS ≥12s, sPPB ≤9, and faller ≥1 fall. Overall, 37.9% (n=92) reported a fall within the last year. Each test had similar sensitivity and specificity with AUCs of 58.5%, 56.3%, 55.4% and 56.0% for the lab-based TUG, 4mUW, 5xSTS, and sPPB, respectively. AUCs for remote testing were similar. Regardless of measure or modality, traditional fall risk cutoff scores do not accurately classify faller status in PCS exposed to ADT, leaving clinical practice with few tools to identify men at risk of falls.
SHORT PHYSICAL PERFORMANCE BATTERY OUTPERFORMS COMMON PHYSICAL PERFORMANCE TESTS IN OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Banarjee Chitra , Choudhury Renoa , Park Joon-Hyuk , Xie Rui , Fukuda David , Stout Jeffrey , Thiamwong Ladda 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Interdisciplinary evaluation of older adults’ healthcare is a priority in the prevention of chronic health conditions and the maintenance of daily functioning. While studies have evaluated different physical performance tests (PPTs) from a retrospective view in predicting mortality or cardiopulmonary health, it remains unclear which of the commonly used PPTs are most effective at evaluating the current health of older adults. Various PPTs have been shown to be important predictors of mortality; however, few studies have compared the relevance of different PPTs to older adults’ physical activity, static balance, body mass index, and fear of falling within the same population of older adults. The present study evaluates 53 older adults using three different PPTs Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), 6-minute walk test (6MWT), and Incremental Shuttle Walk Test (ISWT)) and constructs multiple linear regression models with measures of physical activity, static balance, and fear of falling, as assessed by an accelerometer, BTrackS balance plate, and the short Falls Efficacy Scale-International (FES-I), respectively. The models reveal that SPPB provides the most comprehensive value as indicated by a greater R2 value (0.573), and performance on the SPPB predicts physical activity (p=0.041) and fear of falling (p&lt; 0.001). ISWT predicted body mass index (BMI, p=0.019) and fear of falling (0.010), whereas 6MWT predicted only fear of falling. The results indicate the value of a multi-component, comprehensive test such as the SPPB in evaluating the health of older adults and further distinguish ISWT as more predictive of overall health than the 6MWT in older adults.
TEACHING THE CORNELL-PENN INTERVIEW FOR DECISIONAL ABILITIES (IDA) TO ENHANCE DECISIONAL ABILITY ASSESSMENTS
Authors: Hancock David , White Bess , Lachs David , Karlawish Jason , Lachs Mark 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Conventional approaches used by non-medical professionals to determine an individual’s ability to make decisions usually focus on cognitive indicators rather than the ability to reason around the particular risk at hand. The Cornell-Penn Interview for Decisional Abilities (IDA) is a novel, semi-structured interview tool that determines an individual’s ability to make decisions around a specific risk they are facing, such as the choice to remain in an abusive situation or refuse medical care. The IDA tool addresses a significant gap in the field of gerontology and promotes an individual’s right to self-determination while ensuring their safety and well-being. This study further validates the IDA by demonstrating the acceptability and efficacy of the educational program developed to teach the IDA to Adult Protective Services (APS) workers. The effectiveness of the IDA training was evaluated through feedback from 349 practitioners who completed the IDA training program. Participants rated the value of the learning experience highly, with an average score of 4.26 out of 5. Additionally, sentiment analysis of free response text using three different dictionaries (AFINN, BING, NRC) revealed overwhelmingly positive feedback, with words like “helpful,” “confident,” and “comfortable” frequently mentioned. The IDA represents a significant advancement in the assessment of decisional ability in the field of gerontology. This study proves that the IDA educational program effectively instructs APS professionals in using the IDA successfully as a rigorous, evidence-based approach to understand an APS client’s ability to make decisions around risks they are facing.
THE NEED FOR IMPROVED TACTILE ASSESSMENTS OF THE HAND IN OLDER ADULTS
Authors: Kabil Gül , Weber Madeline , Cook Rachel Logue , Haire Cameron , Urrego Daniel Duque , Cain Stephen , Newman-Casey Paula Anne , Brown Susan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Age-related sensorimotor declines of the hand significantly impact functional independence. Beyond muscle strength, tactile feedback provides valuable information regarding object characteristics that, in turn, can enhance manipulation skills. This is of particular interest in areas such as medication adherence - e.g. successful administration of eye drops or hearing aid adjustments. We investigated tactile acuity and dexterity in healthy young adults (23-35yo, n=23) and two groups of healthy older adults (65-76yo, n=24; 76-87yo, n=24). Participants completed assessments of strength (pinch, grip), dexterity (Grooved Pegboard Test, Arthritis Hand Function Test), tactile registration (Semmes-Weinstein Monofilament Test), and tactile pattern recognition using a custom-designed device. Both older groups performed significantly worse than young adults on all measures (p&lt; 0.001). Dexterity, tactile identification accuracy, and tactile response times were significantly worse in the 76-87yo compared to the 65-76yo group (p=0.01). In contrast, strength and median monofilament scores did not differ between the two older adult groups. Across all older adults, tactile pattern recognition and dexterity were weakly correlated (p≤0.05). In the young adult group, only tactile accuracy and performance on the Arthritis Hand Function Test were correlated (p=0.04). These results suggest that clinical assessment of tactile acuity using monofilament testing may not capture declines in hand sensibility in older adults. More complex tactile assessments may be predictive of difficulties with object manipulation tasks that worsen with advanced age and negatively impact daily self-care activities.