bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bruce Lee-Inspired Fluid Antenna System: Six Research Topics and the Potentials for 6G
Authors: Wong Kai-Kit , Tong Kin-Fai , Shen Yuanjun , Chen Yu , Zhang Yangyang 
Published: March 2022

While 5G is tasked to transform our lives for the better over the next 10 years, next-generation mobile communications, a.k.a. 6G, will undoubtedly demand even higher energy and spectral efficiencies capable of providing myriads of new services and experience to users everywhere they go. Although our technologies do evolve from one generation to the next, the root of the ambition in mobile communications has always been to ensure reliable performance from an uncertain, fluctuating medium. The previous generations have already seen numerous technologies such as advanced coding and signal processing, resource allocation, and most famously, multiple-input multiple-output to redeem some stability from the wireless medium. Inevitably, 6G will be built upon further disruptive technologies that enable another cycle of revolution. In this article, we examine one emerging technology, referred to as fluid antenna system that represents any software-controllable fluidic, conductive, or dielectric structure that can alter its shape and position to reconfigure the gain, radiation pattern, operating frequency, and other characteristics. Fluid antenna takes inspiration from Bruce Lee's Jeet Kune Do to innovate mobile communication systems design. In Bruce Lee's philosophy, one can imitate water to adapt combat style, whereas fluid antenna exploits the dynamic nature of fluids or switchable pixels to achieve ultimate flexibility for diversity and multiplexing benefits that have been unseen before in mobile devices, and the implication can be transformative. This article discusses the potential of fluid antenna systems for 6G, and in particular, we introduce six research topics in fluid antenna systems that if solved successfully could revolutionize mobile communications network design and optimization. This article intends to stimulate discussion that will help shape the development of 6G technologies.
Utilization of Mid-Thigh Magnetic Resonance Imaging to Predict Lean Body Mass and Knee Extensor Strength in Obese Adults
Authors: Bodkin Stephan G. , Smith Andrew C. , Bergman Bryan C. , Huo Donglai , Weber Kenneth A. , Zarini Simona , Kahn Darcy , Garfield Amanda , Macias Emily , Harris-Love Michael O. 
Published: March 2022

PurposeTo train and test a machine learning model to automatically measure mid-thigh muscle cross-sectional area (CSA) to provide rapid estimation of appendicular lean mass (ALM) and predict knee extensor torque of obese adults.MethodsObese adults [body mass index (BMI) = 30–40 kg/m2, age = 30–50 years] were enrolled for this study. Participants received full-body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), mid-thigh MRI, and completed knee extensor and flexor torque assessments via isokinetic dynamometer. Manual segmentation of mid-thigh CSA was completed for all MRI scans. A convolutional neural network (CNN) was created based on the manual segmentation to develop automated quantification of mid-thigh CSA. Relationships were established between the automated CNN values to the manual CSA segmentation, ALM via DXA, knee extensor, and flexor torque.ResultsA total of 47 obese patients were enrolled in this study. Agreement between the CNN-automated measures and manual segmentation of mid-thigh CSA was high (&gt;0.90). Automated measures of mid-thigh CSA were strongly related to the leg lean mass (r = 0.86, p &lt; 0.001) and ALM (r = 0.87, p &lt; 0.001). Additionally, mid-thigh CSA was strongly related to knee extensor strength (r = 0.76, p &lt; 0.001) and moderately related to knee flexor strength (r = 0.48, p = 0.002).ConclusionCNN-measured mid-thigh CSA was accurate compared to the manual segmented values from the mid-thigh. These values were strongly predictive of clinical measures of ALM and knee extensor torque. Mid-thigh MRI may be utilized to accurately estimate clinical measures of lean mass and function in obese adults.
Quality of Life Outcomes in a Community Cohort of Adults With an Intellectual Disability Using the Personal Outcome Scale
Authors: Burke Tom , Deffew Andrew , Stafford Owen , Docherty Caroline , Burke Sandra , Mostert Remco , van Loon Jos , Lombardi Marco , Vaughan Marianne , Brickell Robert , Keogh Mary , Mahon Wendy , O'Halloran David 
Published: March 2022

ObjectivesQuality of life (QoL) is a multi-dimensional phenomenon composed of core domains that are influenced by personal characteristics, values, and environmental contributions. There are eight core domains of QoL aligned with both the United Nations and the International Association for the Scientific Study of Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (IASSIDD). The Personal Outcome Scale (POS), is a semi-structured self and proxy instrument that specifically measures these aspects of QoL for people with an intellectual disability.MethodsA total of 85 people with an intellectual disability and their primary keyworker (n = 85) took part in this study. A convenience sample recruitment strategy was employed to recruit participants during the calendar year from January–December 2020. Participants completed the self-report and proxy POS, and clinic-demographic data was also considered.ResultsQoL is higher in those who have a dedicated service planner and also for those with a less severe to profound disability. People who were in gainful employment reported significantly higher QoL as did those availing of outreach and residential services, over and above local services.ConclusionsThis research shows that there are distinct and specific factors that relate to QoL for people with an intellectual disability community-based services in Ireland. Future research could aim to investigate these longitudinally, and specifically how QoL relates to cognitive and functional outcomes.
Understanding the Sexual and Reproductive Health Experiences of Refugee and Host Community Adolescents and Youth in Rwanda During COVID-19: Needs, Barriers, and Opportunities
Authors: Meyer Katherine , Abimpaye Monique , Harerimana Jean de Dieu , Williams Christina , Gallagher Meghan C. 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundCOVID-19 has exacerbated the sexual and reproductive health (SRH) needs of those affected by humanitarian emergencies, particularly affecting adolescents and youth, whose needs are often neglected during crises. In Rwanda, the situation for refugees in Mahama Refugee Camp has worsened, as COVID-19 lockdown measures have increased needs while restricting access to basic services. Few assessments have been conducted on the SRH needs of refugees in Mahama camp, including adolescents and youth, since COVID-19. To address this gap, Save the Children (SC) undertook research utilizing SenseMaker to collect data on the SRH needs of adolescents and youth in Mahama camp, as well as in the surrounding host community.MethodologySC used SenseMaker to collect 745 data entries from adolescents and youth in Mahama camp and the surrounding host community. The application was pretested with adolescents and youth in Mahama camp before initiating the research. SenseMaker asks participants to share their stories in response to a prompt; our prompt asked participants to describe their experience seeking help with their health during COVID-19. The research team analyzed the data using simultaneous coding to examine key themes. The results were discussed with SC staff to validate the coding analysis results before conducting four focus group discussions to further clarify results and propose action steps in response to the findings.ResultsMany adolescents and youth reported significant difficulties accessing SRH information and services, including stigmatization among service providers. Provider biases and negative attitudes were repeatedly cited as barriers. Stories collected during COVID-19 show how these biases and judgmental attitudes continue to adversely affect access and use of SRH services for young people. Coercive, non-consensual, and transactional sexual incidents were reported from adolescents and youth. They cited reduced time in education spaces as a source of distress as well as increasing their level of sexual activity and associated risks. Limited data exists for SRH needs among adolescents and youth during COVID-19 in humanitarian settings. This study adds to the evidence, making the case for increased SRH prioritization for adolescents and youth in humanitarian settings, particularly when facing overlapping crises like during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Cultural Representations of Borderline Personality Disorder
Authors: Munson Katherine A. , Janney Carol A. , Goodwin Kelsie , Nagalla Madhavi 
Published: March 2022

Background/ObjectiveBorderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is characterized by unstable interpersonal relationships, impulsivity, and self-harm. There are many distinct stressors that predispose individuals to develop BPD or engage in self-harm behaviors. The objective of this systematic review was to compare methods of self-harm and psychological stressors in BPD across different cultures.MethodsA PubMed database search was conducted with the goal of capturing all articles (n = 22) that discussed methods of self-harm in BPD in any culture. Data extracted from the articles included methods of self-harm, psychological stressors, sample size, rurality, geographical location, and proportion of males to females.ResultsKey differences were noted in the methods of self-harm. Eastern nations (n = 5) reported higher rates of self-poisoning (60%) than Western nations (11%). Western nations (n = 9) reported higher rates of skin-mutilating behavior (100%) than Eastern nations (80%). Two of the articles included participants from rural settings, one in the Sundarban region of India and the other in Mississippi. Notably, the Sundarban region reported the highest rate of poisoning (93%) whereas the Mississippi region reported high rates of skin mutilation. Differences were also noted in psychological stressors as the rates of interpersonal problems were higher in Western than in Eastern nations.ConclusionsAdditional research should be conducted into the presentation of BPD in different cultures. An improved understanding of the cultural presentations of BPD could improve diagnosis and treatment in various populations.
Analysis of Short-Term Efficacy of Gasless Single-Port Laparoscopic Inguinal Lymphadenectomy Through Vulva Incision for Vulvar Cancer
Authors: Ding Jin , Teng Piaopiao , Guan Xiaoming , Luo Yonghong , Ding Huafeng , Shi Suhua , Zhou Xiufen , Ni Guantai 
Published: March 2022

ObjectiveTo investigate the feasibility and short-term efficacy of gasless single-port laparoscopic inguinal lymphadenectomy through vulva incision (VEIL-V).MethodsThe data of 9 patients diagnosed as vulvar squamous cell carcinoma who underwent single-port laparoscopic inguinal lymph node dissection through vulvectomy incision were retrospectively analyzed. And 13 patients who underwent laparoscopic inguinal lymph node dissection through lower abdominal subcutaneous approach as the control group (VEIL-H). The operation time, blood loss, numbers of unilateral lymph nodes, hospitalization time, and complications between the two groups were compared.ResultsThe operation time of VEIL-V was 56.11 ± 5.94 min, which were shorter than that of VEIL-H (74.62 ± 5.50 min; P = 0.013). Bleeding amount in the VEIL-H was 29.44 ± 2.56, which was significantly lower than that of the VEIL-H group (43.08 ± 4.14 ml; P = 0.021). In the two groups, the numbers of unilateral lymph nodes harvested were similar. The differences in the postoperative hospital stay, skin, and lymphatic complications were not statistically significant.ConclusionCompared with VEIL-H, gasless single-port laparoscopic inguinal lymphadenectomy through vulva incision reduces the difficulty of operation with shorter operation time, and less blood loss, which can be a safe and mini-invasive surgical approach.
Prevention of Incident Hypertension in Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea Treated With Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty or Continuous Positive Airway Pressure: A Cohort Study
Authors: Lin Yi-Chih , Chen Chun-Tien , Chao Pin-Zhir , Chen Po-Yueh , Liu Wen-Te , Tsao Sheng-Teng , Lin Sheng-Feng , Bai Chyi-Huey 
Published: March 2022

PurposeTo determine whether treatment with uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP) or continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) prevents hypertension, compared to those not receiving any treatment.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted among 413 patients with OSA (age ≥ 35 years) at the Shuang Ho Hospital between 2009 and 2016. The patients were divided into three groups: UPPP, CPAP, and non-treatment groups. Data about the personal characteristics, history of comorbidities, and polysomnography (PSG) reports were collected at baseline. A Cox model with inverse probability of treatment weighting was used to adjust for confounders and baseline diversity.ResultsAfter multivariate adjustment and weighting for incident hypertension, patients in both the CPAP and UPPP groups showed a significant preventive effect on hypertension than in the non-treatment group. Moreover, patients in the CPAP group had lower event rates than those in the UPPP group.ConclusionUPPP can prevent the development of new-onset hypertension in patients with OSA. CPAP had a better preventive effect than UPPP. UPPP might be a good alternative for reducing the risk of the onset of hypertension when compliance to CPAP is poor.
Non-sliding Fixation Shows Improved Clinical Outcomes for Displaced Femoral Neck Fractures as Compared to Sliding Fixation
Authors: Xu Xiangyu , Lv Yang , Cui Zengzhen , Fan Jixing , Zhou Fang , Tian Yun , Ji Hongquan , Zhang Zhishan , Guo Yan , Yang Zhongwei , Hou Guojin 
Published: March 2022

ObjectiveTo compare the clinical outcomes between use of sliding fixation (three cannulated screws, TCS) and non-sliding fixation (four cannulated screws, FCS) in the treatment of femoral neck fractures.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 102 patients with fresh femoral neck fractures treated with TCS (60 cases) and FCS (42 cases) between January, 2018 and December, 2019. The demographic data, follow-up time, hospitalization time, operation time, blood loss, length of femoral neck shortening (LFNS), soft tissue irritation of the thigh (STIT), Harris hip score, and complications (such as internal fixation failure, non-union, and avascular necrosis of the femoral head) were also collected, recorded, and compared between the two groups.ResultsA total of 102 patients with an average age of 60.9 (range, 18–86) years were analyzed. The median follow-up time was 25 (22 to 32) months. The LFNS in the FCS group (median 1.2 mm) was significantly lower than that in the TCS group (median 2.8 mm) (P &lt; 0.05). In the Garden classification, the number of displaced fractures in the TCS group was significantly lower than that in the FCS group (P &lt; 0.05). The median hospitalization time, operation time, blood loss, reduction quality, internal fixation failure rate (IFFR), STIT, and Harris hip score were not statistically different between the two groups (P &gt; 0.05). However, in the subgroup analysis of displaced fractures, the LFNS (median 1.2 mm), STIT (2/22, 13.6%), and Harris hip score (median 91.5) of the FCS group at the last follow-up were significantly better than the LFNS (median 5.7 mm), STIT (7/16, 43.8%), and Harris hip score (median 89) of the TCS group (P &lt; 0.05). No complications such as incision infection, deep infection, pulmonary embolism, or femoral head necrosis were found in either group.ConclusionTCS and FCS are effective for treating femoral neck fractures. For non-displaced fractures, there was no significant difference in the clinical outcomes between the two groups. However, for displaced fractures, the LFNS of the FCS is significantly lower than that of the TCS, which may reduce the occurrence of STIT and improve the Harris hip score.
When to Reduce and Fix Displaced Lesser Trochanter in Treatment of Trochanteric Fracture: A Systematic Review
Authors: Yang Ao-Lei , Mao Wei , Wu Jun-Guo , He Yi-Qun , Ni Hao-Fei , Li Hai-Long , Dong You-Hai 
Published: March 2022

PurposeTo systematically evaluate the benefits of reducing and fixing displaced lesser trochanter (LT) of trochanteric fractures and when this procedure is worth the effect.MethodsFrom database establishment through March 2021, four online databases (PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, and Web of Science) were searched for relevant literature that investigated reduction and fixation for displaced LT of trochanteric fractures. The papers were then screened by two reviewers independently and in duplicate according to prior inclusion and exclusion criteria. Demographic data as well as data on fracture types, surgical protocols, and surgical outcomes were recorded, analyzed, and interpreted.ResultsTotal 10 clinical studies with 928 patients were included, in which 48 cases had intact LT and 880 cases involved the displaced LT, of which 196 (22.27%) cases underwent reduction and fixation for LT while the rest of 684 (77.73%) cases not. In these studies, complications were evaluated as a more applicable predictive parameter for operation than postoperative hip function.ConclusionIt was beneficial to reduce and fix the displaced LT when one of the conditions below occurred: displacement distance of LT ≥2 cm, quantity of comminuted LT fragments ≥2, and range of LT fragments in medial wall ≥75%; the fracture line of LT fragments reaching or exceeding the midline of the posterior wall.
A Clinical-Radiomic Model for Predicting Indocyanine Green Retention Rate at 15 Min in Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Wu Ji , Xie Feng , Ji Hao , Zhang Yiyang , Luo Yi , Xia Lei , Lu Tianfei , He Kang , Sha Meng , Zheng Zhigang , Yong Junekong , Li Xinming , Zhao Di , Yang Yuting , Xia Qiang , Xue Feng 
Published: March 2022

Purpose:The indocyanine green retention rate at 15 min (ICG-R15) is of great importance in the accurate assessment of hepatic functional reserve for safe hepatic resection. To assist clinicians to evaluate hepatic functional reserve in medical institutions that lack expensive equipment, we aimed to explore a novel approach to predict ICG-R15 based on CT images and clinical data in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).MethodsIn this retrospective study, 350 eligible patients were enrolled and randomly assigned to the training cohort (245 patients) and test cohort (105 patients). Radiomics features and clinical factors were analyzed to pick out the key variables, and based on which, we developed the random forest regression, extreme gradient boosting regression (XGBR), and artificial neural network models for predicting ICG-R15, respectively. Pearson's correlation coefficient (R) was adopted to evaluate the performance of the models.ResultsWe extracted 660 CT image features in total from each patient. Fourteen variables significantly associated with ICG-R15 were picked out for model development. Compared to the other two models, the XGBR achieved the best performance in predicting ICG-R15, with a mean difference of 1.59% (median, 1.53%) and an R-value of 0.90. Delong test result showed no significant difference in the area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROCs) for predicting post hepatectomy liver failure between actual and estimated ICG-R15.ConclusionThe proposed approach that incorporates the optimal radiomics features and clinical factors can allow for individualized prediction of ICG-R15 value of patients with HCC, regardless of the specific equipment and detection reagent (NO. ChiCTR2100053042; URL, http://www.chictr.org.cn).
Improvement of Negative Psychological Stress Response in Elderly Patients With Femoral Neck Fracture by Integrated High-Quality Nursing Model of Medical Care
Authors: Li Qun , Wang Yin , Shen Xiang 
Published: March 2022

ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to explore the nursing effect and negative psychological stress response of elderly patients with femoral neck fracture by applying the high-quality nursing mode of medical care.MethodsA total of 130 elderly patients with femoral neck fractures hospitalized in our hospital from January 2020 to June 2021 were randomly divided into the control group and observation group, with 65 patients in each group. The control group adopted the conventional nursing mode, while the observation group adopted the high-quality nursing mode of medical care. The observation indexes selected in this study are nursing satisfaction, hip flexion activity on the 1, 15, and 30 days after the operation, the time when the affected limb was lifted off the bed actively, and the anxiety and depression of patients.ResultsOn the 1, 15, and 30 days after the operation, there were statistically significant differences between the two groups in hip flexion activity and the time when the affected limb was lifted off the bed (P &lt; 0.05). The nursing satisfaction of the observation group was 95.38%, which was statistically significant compared with the 80.00% of the control group (P &lt; 0.05). After treatment, the self rating depression scale (SDS) and self rating anxiety scale (SAS) scores in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P &lt; 0.05).ConclusionThe high-quality nursing model of medical care can effectively promote the rehabilitation of elderly patients with femoral neck fracture, reduce the negative psychological stress reaction of patients, and improve nursing satisfaction, which has important application value and guiding significance for the nursing of patients with femoral neck fracture.