bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mechanistic assessment of tolerance to iron deficiency mediated by Trichoderma harzianum in soybean roots
Authors: Kabir Ahmad Humayan , Rahman Md Atikur , Rahman Md Mostafizur , Brailey-Jones Philip , Lee Ki-Won , Bennetzen Jeffrey L. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Aims
Iron (Fe) deficiency in soil is a continuing problem for soybean (Glycine max L.) production, partly as a result of continuing climate change. This study elucidates how Trichoderma harzianum strain T22 (TH) mitigates growth retardation associated with Fe-deficiency in a highly sensitive soybean cultivar.

Methods and Results
Soil TH supplementation led to mycelial colonization and the presence of UAOX1 gene in roots that caused substantial improvement in chlorophyll score, photosynthetic efficiency and morphological parameters, indicating a positive influence on soybean health. Although rhizosphere acidification was found to be a common feature of Fe-deficient soybean, the upregulation of Fe-reductase activity (GmFRO2) and total phenol secretion were two of the mechanisms that substantially increased the Fe availability by TH. Heat-killed TH applied to soil caused no improvement in photosynthetic attributes and Fe-reductase activity, confirming the active role of TH in mitigating Fe-deficiency. Consistent increases in tissue Fe content and increased Fe-transporter (GmIRT1, GmNRAMP2a, GmNRAMP2b and GmNRAMP7) mRNA levels in roots following TH supplementation were observed only under Fe-deprivation. Root cell death, electrolyte leakage, superoxide (O2•–) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) substantially declined due to TH in Fe-deprived plants. Further, the elevation of citrate and malate concentration along with the expression of citrate synthase (GmCs) and malate synthase (GmMs) caused by TH suggest improved chelation of Fe in Fe-deficient plants. Results also suggest that TH has a role in triggering antioxidant defence by increasing the activity of glutathione reductase (GR) along with elevated S-metabolites (glutathione and methionine) to stabilize redox status under Fe-deficiency.

Conclusions
TH increases the availability and mobilization of Fe by inducing Fe-uptake pathways, which appears to help provide resistance to oxidative stress associated with Fe-shortage in soybean.

Significance and Impact of the Study
These findings indicate that while Fe deficiency does not affect the rate or degree of TH hyphal association in soybean roots, the beneficial effects of TH alone may be Fe deficiency-dependent.
How to use pace mapping for ventricular tachycardia ablation in postinfarct patients
Authors: Guenancia Charles , Supple Gregory , Sellal Jean‐Marc , Magnin‐Poull Isabelle , Benali Karim , Hammache Nefissa , Echivard Mathieu , Marchlinski Francis , de Chillou Christian 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe aim to describe the technical aspects of pace mapping (PM), as well as the two typical patterns of pacing correlation maps during ventricular tachycardia (VT) ablation. The first main pattern is focal, with a gradual and eccentric decrease of the QRS correlation from the area with the best PM correlation. This focal pattern may be associated with two clinical situations: (1) with some endocardial points showing a good correlation compared to VT morphology: true endocardial exit of VT or endocardial breakthrough of either an intramural or an epicardial circuit; (2) without any endocardial points showing a good correlation compared to VT morphology: the VT may originate from the other ventricle, but the presence of an intramural or an epicardial circuit should be considered in patients with a structural heart disease. The second pattern is the presence of PM points exhibiting a good correlation close to other PM points showing a poor correlation compared to VT morphology: this abrupt change in paced QRS morphology over a short distance indicates divergence of activation wavefronts between these sites and suggests the presence of a slow conduction channel: the VT isthmus.
iTRAQ‐based quantitative proteomics reveals biomarkers/pathways in psoriasis that can predict the efficacy of methotrexate
Authors: Yan K.X. , Meng Q. , He H. , Zhu H.W. , Wang Z.C. , Han L. , Huang Q. , Zhang Z.H. , Yawalkar N. , Zhou H. , Xu J.X. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundMethotrexate (MTX) is the first‐line medicine to treat psoriasis. So far, there has been less research on protein biomarkers to predict its efficacy by the proteomic technique.ObjectivesTo evaluate differentially expressed proteins in peripheral mononuclear cells (PBMCs) between good responders (GRs) and non‐responders (NRs) after MTX treatment, compared with normal controls (NCs).MethodsWe quantified protein expression of PBMCs with four GRs and four NRs to MTX and four NCs by isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ), analysing and identifying proteins related to efficacy of MTX in 18 psoriatic patients.ResultsA total of 3177 proteins had quantitative information, and 403 differentially expressed proteins (fold change ≥1.2, P < 0.05) were identified. Compared to NCs, upregulated proteins (ANXA6, RPS27A, EZR, XRCC6), participating in the activation of NF‐κB, the JAK–STAT pathway and neutrophil degranulation were detected in GRs. The proteins (GPV, FN1, STOM), involving platelet activation, signalling and aggregation as well as neutrophil degranulation were significantly downregulated in GRs. These proteins returned to normal levels after MTX treatment. Furthermore, Western blotting identified the expression of ANXA6 and STAT1 in PBMCs, which were significantly downregulated in GRs, but not in NRs.ConclusionsWe identified seven differentially expressed and regulated proteins (ANXA6, GPV, FN1, XRCC6, STOM, RPS27A and EZR) as biomarkers to predict MTX efficacy in NF‐κB signalling, JAK–STAT pathways, neutrophil degranulation, platelet activation, signalling and aggregation.
Line‐field confocal optical coherence tomography of psoriasis, eczema and lichen planus: a case series with histopathological correlation
Authors: Verzì A.E. , Broggi G. , Micali G. , Sorci F. , Caltabiano R. , Lacarrubba F. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundLine‐field confocal optical coherence tomography (LC‐OCT) is a novel, non‐invasive technique that provides in vivo, high‐resolution images in both vertical and horizontal sections.ObjectivesThe aim of the study was to evaluate LC‐OCT imaging in some inflammatory disorders and to correlate the resulting features with histopathology.MethodsThe retrospective study included patients with histopathological confirmed diagnosis of plaque psoriasis, atopic eczema and lichen planus, who were imaged with LC‐OCT before the biopsy. LC‐OCT was performed with the commercially available LC‐OCT device.ResultsA total of 15 adult patients with histopathologically proven plaque psoriasis (N: 5), atopic eczema (N: 5) and lichen planus (N: 5) were included. In all cases, LC‐OCT allowed the in vivo recognition of the main microscopic features of the examined inflammatory skin disease, with a strong correlation with histopathology.ConclusionsAlthough future studies on larger series of patients are necessary, LC‐OCT, based on these preliminary findings, may represent a promising tool in inflammatory skin disorders with potential applications including enhanced diagnosis, biopsy guidance, follow‐up and treatment monitoring.
Identification of a cis‐sex chromosome transition in banded geckos (Coleonyx, Eublepharidae, Gekkota)
Authors: Keating Shannon E. , Greenbaum Eli , Johnson Jerry D. , Gamble Tony 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSex‐determination systems are highly variable amongst vertebrate groups, and the prevalence of genomic data has greatly expanded our knowledge of how diverse some groups truly are. Gecko lizards are known to possess a variety of sex‐determination systems, and each new study increases our knowledge of this diversity. Here, we used RADseq to identify male‐specific markers in the banded gecko Coleonyx brevis, indicating this species has a XX/XY sex‐determination system. Furthermore, we show that these sex‐linked regions are not homologous to the XX/XY sex chromosomes of two related Coleonyx species, C. elegans and C. mitratus, suggesting that a cis‐sex chromosome turnover—a change in sex chromosomes without a concomitant change in heterogamety—has occurred within the genus. These findings demonstrate the utility of genome‐scale data to uncover novel sex chromosomes and further highlight the diversity of gecko sex chromosomes.
The evolution of pre‐mRNA splicing and its machinery revealed by reduced extremophilic red algae
Authors: Wong Donald K. , Grisdale Cameron J. , Slat Viktor A. , Rader Stephen D. , Fast Naomi M. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe Cyanidiales are a group of mostly thermophilic and acidophilic red algae that thrive near volcanic vents. Despite their phylogenetic relationship, the reduced genomes of Cyanidioschyzon merolae and Galdieria sulphuraria are strikingly different with respect to pre‐mRNA splicing, a ubiquitous eukaryotic feature. Introns are rare and spliceosomal machinery is extremely reduced in C. merolae, in contrast to G. sulphuraria. Previous studies also revealed divergent spliceosomes in the mesophilic red alga Porphyridium purpureum and the red algal derived plastid of Guillardia theta (Cryptophyta), along with unusually high levels of unspliced transcripts. To further examine the evolution of splicing in red algae, we compared C. merolae and G. sulphuraria, investigating splicing levels, intron position, intron sequence features, and the composition of the spliceosome. In addition to identifying 11 additional introns in C. merolae, our transcriptomic analysis also revealed typical eukaryotic splicing in G. sulphuraria, whereas most transcripts in C. merolae remain unspliced. The distribution of intron positions within their host genes was examined to provide insight into patterns of intron loss in red algae. We observed increasing variability of 5′ splice sites and branch donor regions with increasing intron richness. We also found these relationships to be connected to reductions in and losses of corresponding parts of the spliceosome. Our findings highlight patterns of intron and spliceosome evolution in related red algae under the pressures of genome reduction.
The current landscape of Acute Care for Elders units in the United States
Authors: Rogers Stephanie E. , Flood Kellie L. , Kuang Qiao Yu , Harrison James D. , Malone Michael L. , Cremer Julia , Palmer Robert M. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe clinical benefits of Acute Care for Elders (ACE) units have been established for over 25 years. However, how widely disseminated ACE units are in the United States and the degree of fidelity to the key elements of this model of care are unknown. Our objective was to identify all existing ACE units in the United States and to obtain detailed information about variations in implementation.MethodsThe strategy to identify current ACE units began with online searches and snowball sampling using contacts from professional societies and workgroups. Next, a request for information regarding the existence of ACE units was sent to the remaining US hospitals listed in a national hospital database. An online survey was sent to identified ACE unit contacts to capture information on implementation characteristics and the five key elements of ACE units.ResultsThere were 3692 hospitals in the database with responses from 2055 (56%) hospitals reporting the presence or absence of an ACE unit. We identified 68 hospitals (3.3%) with an existing or previous ACE unit. Of these 68 hospitals, 50 (74%) completed the survey and reported that 43 ACE units were currently open and 7 had been closed. Of the 43 currently open ACE units, most are affiliated with an academic hospital and there is variable implementation of each of the five key ACE elements (from 69% to 98%).ConclusionsAmong the 50 hospitals to complete the survey, 43 current ACE units were identified, with variable fidelity to the key elements. Estimates of prevalence of ACE units and fidelity to key elements are limited by nonresponses to the national survey request by nearly half of hospitals.
Association between willingness to deprescribe and health outcome priorities among U.S. older adults: Results of a national survey
Authors: Green Ariel R. , Aschmann Hélène , Boyd Cynthia M. , Schoenborn Nancy 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundIt is not known whether older adults' willingness to deprescribe is associated with their health outcome priorities related to medications.MethodsA cross‐sectional survey was conducted from March–April 2020 using a nationally representative online panel. The survey presented two vignettes: (1) a preventive medicine; and (2) a symptom‐relief medicine. Participants were asked whether they would be willing to stop each medicine if their doctor recommended it, and to rate their level of agreement with two health outcome priorities statements: “I am willing to accept the risk of future side effects … to feel better now,” and “I would prefer to take fewer medicines, even if … I may not live as long or may have bothersome symptoms sometimes.” Ordinal logistic regression was used to examine associations between willingness to stop each medicine, baseline characteristics and health outcome priorities.ResultsOf 1193 panel members ≥65 years invited to participate, 835 (70%) completed the survey. Mean (SD) age was 73 years; 496 (59%) had taken a statin and 124 (15%) a prescription sedative‐hypnotic. 507 (61%) were willing to stop preventive medicines; 276 (33%) were maybe willing. 419 (50%) were willing to stop symptom‐relief medicines; 380 (46%) were maybe willing. Prioritizing fewer medicines was associated with higher odds of being willing to stop symptom‐relief medicines (aOR 1.43 [95% CI 1.02–2.00]) and preventive medicines (aOR 1.52 [95% CI 1.05–2.18]). Prioritizing now over future was associated with lower odds of being willing to stop symptom‐relief medicines (aOR 0.62 [95% CI 0.39–1.00]). Current/prior use of statins was associated with lower willingness to stop preventive medicines (aOR 0.66 [95% CI 0.48–0.91]).ConclusionsOlder adults' health outcome priorities related to medication use are associated with their willingness to consider deprescribing. Future research should determine how best to elicit patients' health outcome priorities to facilitate goal‐concordant decisions about medication use.
Effects of growth on muscle architecture of knee extensors
Authors: Mogi Yasuyoshi , Wakahara Taku 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the effects of growth on the muscle architecture of knee extensors. The present study included 123 male children and adolescents. The muscle thicknesses of the rectus femoris (RF) and vastus intermedius (VI), and pennation angles and fascicle lengths of RF were measured in three regions using ultrasonography technique at rest. The relative muscle thickness was calculated by dividing the absolute muscle thickness by body mass1/3. The years from age at peak height velocity were estimated for each participant, and used as a maturity index. The maturity index was significantly correlated with the relative muscle thicknesses of RF and VI in all regions. The slope of the relationship between the maturity index and the relative muscle thickness did not differ significantly between muscles within the same region or between regions within the individual muscles. The fascicle length and pennation angle of RF were significantly correlated with the absolute muscle thickness in all regions. In the proximal RF region, the coefficient of correlation between the muscle thickness and fascicle length was significantly greater than that between the muscle thickness and pennation angle. The present results showed that growth changes in muscle thickness were uniform between and within RF and VI. Our findings suggest that growth changes in the muscle thickness of RF depend on the increases in both pennation angle and fascicle length, but their contributions to the growth of muscle thickness differ among muscle regions.
Decoding a gene expression program that accompanies the phenotype of sporadic and basal cell nevus syndrome‐associated odontogenic keratocyst
Authors: Kalogirou Eleni‐Marina , Foutadakis Spyros , Koutsi Marianna A. , Vatsellas Giannis , Vlachodimitropoulos Dimitrios , Petsinis Vassilis , Sklavounou Alexandra , Agelopoulos Marios , Tosios Konstantinos I. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundOdontogenic keratocyst is characterized by local aggressive behavior and a high recurrence rate, as well as its potential to develop in association with the basal cell nevus syndrome. The aim of this study was to decode the gene expression program accompanying odontogenic keratocyst phenotype.Methods150‐bp paired‐end RNA‐sequencing was applied on six sporadic and six basal cell nevus syndrome‐associated whole‐tissue odontogenic keratocyst samples in comparison to six dental follicles, coupled with bioinformatics and complemented by immunohistochemistry.Results2654 and 2427 differentially expressed genes were captured to characterize the transcriptome of sporadic and basal cell nevus syndrome‐associated odontogenic keratocysts, respectively. Gene ontologies related to “epidermis/skin development” and “keratinocyte/epidermal cell differentiation” were enriched among the upregulated genes (KRT10, NCCRP1, TP63, GRHL3, SOX21), while “extracellular matrix organization” (ITGA5, LOXL2) and “odontogenesis” (MSX1, LHX8) gene ontologies were overrepresented among the downregulated genes in odontogenic keratocyst. Interestingly, upregulation of various embryonic stem cells markers (EPHA1, SCNN1A) and genes committed in cellular reprogramming (SOX2, KLF4, OVOL1, IRF6, TACSTD2, CDH1) was found in odontogenic keratocyst. These findings were highly shared between sporadic and basal cell nevus syndrome‐associated odontogenic keratocysts. Immunohistochemistry verified SOX2, KLF4, OVOL1, IRF6, TACSTD2/TROP2, CDH1/E‐cadherin, and p63 expression predominantly in the odontogenic keratocyst suprabasal epithelial layers.ConclusionThe odontogenic keratocyst transcriptomic profile is characterized by a prominent epidermal and dental epithelial fate, a repressed dental mesenchyme fate combined with deregulated extracellular matrix organization, and enhanced stemness gene signatures. Thus, we propose a developed epidermis‐like phenotype in the odontogenic keratocyst suprabasal epithelial cells, established in parallel to a significant upregulation of marker genes related to embryonic stem cells and cellular reprogramming.
Innovation or entrepreneurship: Which comes first? Exploring the implications for higher education
Authors: Paladino Angela 
Published: June 2022

AbstractKahn's (2022) Catalyst article has posed some thought‐provoking ideas regarding the distinction between innovation and entrepreneurship. While the article posits that there is a lack of clarity over what innovation and entrepreneurship represent and critiques the teaching of these ideals across universities, the author goes further to contend that these concepts do not overlap, despite research and teachings to the contrary. Moreover, he states that the skills needed for innovation are different from those needed to be an entrepreneur. This essay response challenges the notions put forward by Kahn. I proffer that while there is now a substantial body of research in innovation and entrepreneurship, they remain comprised of multi‐definitional perspectives. This lack of cohesion and significant overlap in the scholarly community largely reflects the interrelatedness of these concepts in practice. As such, it impacts on the role of universities in how they define, position, and teach innovation and entrepreneurship. Indeed, it also has a substantial influence on the range of skills they help their students to develop. Are they to develop entrepreneurs or innovators? Or rather, do the courses offered to enable students to build the employability skills required to adapt to either area? This essay discusses some of these issues and extends a series of questions for further research.
Shift‐and‐Persist Strategy: Tendencies and Effect on Japanese Parents and Children's Mental Health1,2,3
Authors: Lee Sumin , Shimizu Haruka , Nakashima Ken'ichiro 
Published: June 2022

AbstractLow socioeconomic status has various adverse effects on health, which can be mitigated through the shift‐and‐persist (S‐P) strategy. Studies have focused on how this strategy can affect health in the face of adversity. However, that children learn this strategy from positive role models, such as parents, is an unexamined precondition of the theory. This study presents one bit of supporting evidence for this precondition by examining the similarity in S‐P among parent–child dyads using the actor‐partner interdependence model. We also examine parent and child strategies related to depressive tendencies based on mixed results in relevant research. The results from 309 parent–child pairs indicate that shifting and persisting tendencies and depressive tendencies were similar among the parent–child pairs. Furthermore, regardless of their socioeconomic status, the parents' and children's persisting scores predicted lower levels of depressive tendencies as actor effects. Although this study does not fully support S‐P theory, it provides important insights regarding similar patterns of strategic tendencies between parents and children and highlights the importance of positive role models.
Clinical outcomes and performance indicators of patients with kidney failure and acute kidney injuries in ASEAN countries
Authors: Tan Jackson , Liew Adrian , Koh David 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIntroductionThis review article reports clinical outcomes and performance indicators of patients with kidney failure (KF) and acute kidney injuries (AKI) in Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN) countries.MethodologyAssociation of South East Asian Nations data, segregated by income status, from national registries and literature were collated, compared and benchmarked against international references.ResultsThe national incidence and prevalence of treated KF ranged from 172 to 479 per million population (pmp) and 36–2255 pmp, respectively. Brunei (79%), Malaysia (66%) and Singapore (66%) had world‐leading proportions of diabetes‐related KF. Hemodialysis (HD), Peritoneal Dialysis (PD) and transplant accounted for 68–100%, 0–27% and 0–18% of all KF replacement therapy, respectively. Transplant patient survival was superior with 90%–93% at 5 years and 71%–90% at 10 years, compared to PD (44%–54%) and HD (53–64%) at 5 years.Higher‐income countries were able to achieve good anemia control, HD and PD adequacy targets, while usage of arteriovenous fistula in HD varied from 70% to 85%. Acute Kidney Injury rates ranged from 24.2% to 49.2% of high‐dependency admissions. Lower incidences of PD peritonitis and HD catheter‐related Bloodstream Infections; and PD‐favouring quality‐of‐life were evident in higher‐income countries.ConclusionAssociation of South East Asian Nations has a challenging burden of kidney disease, with extremely high incidence, prevalence, DM‐related KF and AKI rates. The magnitude of the prevailing problem calls for the creation of a regional society under the auspices of ASEAN with a shared perspective of universal, equitable and charitable access to quality renal care; consistent with the founding premises and healthcare initiatives of ASEAN.