bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An origami 3D patterned cellulose-based scaffold for bioengineering cardiovascular applications
Authors: Rodriguez Gabriela Melo , Trueb Donata , Köser Joachim , Schoelkopf Joachim , Gullo Maurizio 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In this work we describe the manufacturing of cellulosic, cell compatible scaffolds with an inherent 3D origami crease pattern for applications in cardiac tissue engineering. Different cellulosic materials were studied, among them cotton linters, fibers obtained from eucalyptus, pine, spruce and lyocell. Formed sheets made of cotton linters were chosen for further study due to the highest biocompatibility and mechanical properties best suited for cardiomyocytes in wet and dry conditions: E - modulus of 0.8 GPa, tensile strength of 4.7 MPa and tensile strength in wet environment of 2.28 MPa. Cell alignment is desired to achieve directional contraction of the cardiac tissue, and several options were investigated to achieve fiber alignment, e.g. a dynamic sheet former and Rapid Köthen sheet former. Although the orientation was minimal, cells cultured on the cellulose fibers grew and aligned along the fibers. Origami inspired crease patterns were applied to the cellulose scaffolds in order to introduce directional flexibility beneficial for cardiac contraction. The transfer of a Miura crease pattern was successfully applied in two ways: folding of the dried sheet between PET foils pre-formed in a 3D printed mold, and in situ wet fiber molding on a 3D-patterned mesh mounted in the sheet former’s sieve section. The latter approach enables upscaling for potential mass production.
Incidence and risk factors for early hypoglycemia in very preterm infants: the Hyporisk study
Authors: Koolen Margreet R. , Kempen Anne A M W , Maaskant Jolanda M. , Reiss Irwin , Vermeulen Marijn J. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Purpose: To determine incidence, timing and potential risk factors associated with hypoglycemia in the first day of life in very premature infants.
Methods: Retrospective cohort study including all infants born before 32 weeks of gestation between 1 July 2017 and 31 December 2020 in the Erasmus MC Sophia Children’s Hospital (Rotterdam, the Netherlands). Excluded were those who died within 24 hours after birth or with no glucose data available. We collected maternal and neonatal characteristics from patient files, as well as all routine glucose values for the first 24 hours. Hypoglycemia was defined as blood glucose value below 2.6 mmol/L. Risk factors were selected using univariable and multivariable logistic regression with stepwise backward elimination. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was performed to examine time-to-event after birth.
Results: Of 714 infants included (median gestational age 29.3 weeks, mean weight 1200 grams), 137 (19%) had at least one episode of hypoglycemia, with a median time-to-event of 126 minutes [95%-CI 105-216]. Relevant independent risk factors for hypoglycemia included two maternal (insulin-dependent diabetes [OR 2.8; 95%-CI 1.3-6.1]; antenatal steroid administration [OR 1.7, 95%-CI 1.1 - 2.7]), and four neonatal factors (no IV-access in delivery room [OR 6.1, 95% CI-3.2-11.7], gestational age in weeks [OR 1.3, 95% CI-1.2-1.5], small-for-gestational-age [OR 2.6, 95%-CI 1.4-4.8], and no respiratory support (versus non-invasive support) [OR 2.3, 95%-CI 1.0-5.3]).
Conclusion: Six risk factors were identified for hypoglycemia in the first 24 hours of life in very preterm infants, that can be used for development of prediction models, risk-based screening and updating guidelines.
The role of stereotactic neurosurgery as a symptomatic treatment for autism spectrum disorders: a systematic review
Authors: Wu Yang , Shi Yi-feng , Li Jia-ming , Gao Yuan , Xu Yang-yang , Tian Rui , He Jiao-jiang , Li Deng-hui , Deng Hao , Xiao Ling-long , Xiong Bo-tao , Zhang Wei , Wang Meng-qi , Wang Wei 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Although stereotactic neurosurgery has been applied in autism spectrum disorders (ASD), its safety and efficacy remain elusive due to the limited sample size. We aimed to investigate the safety and efficacy of stereotactic neurosurgery for ASD by systematically reviewing the literature through the PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane databases. A total of 11 studies with 36 patients were included. 16 patients (44.44%) received deep brain stimulation (DBS), 10 patients (27.78%) underwent radiofrequency ablation (RA), and 10 patients (27.78%) underwent gamma knife radiosurgery and RA. The therapeutic targets of 11 patients (42.31%) were the amygdala, and the surgical indication of 10 patients was aggression; the ventral anterior limb of the internal capsule or medial forebrain bundle was regarded as the target for 6 patients (23.08%), and the surgical indication was OCD. The mean Yale-Brown-Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) score of 19 patients was 31.37 at baseline. After a median follow-up time of 48 months, the mean Y-BOCS score decreased to 18.32, and the mean improvement rate was 42.74%. After a median follow-up duration of 48 months (range: 2-120), the mean Overt Aggression Scale score of 15 patients was reduced from 11.20 to 4.40, and the mean improvement rate was 59.59%. There were a total of 8 patients whose cardinal symptoms benefited from the surgery. Seven patients (19.44%) suffered adverse events after stereotactic neurosurgery. Stereotactic neurosurgery is an effective and safe therapy to alleviate the symptoms of aggressive behaviors and OCD in ASD patients. DBS has the potential to improve the social contact difficulty and communication disorders of ASD.
Metabolic stress constrains fermentative production of L-cysteine in Escherichia coli by accelerating transposition through mobile genetic elements in synthetic plasmid constructs
Authors: Heieck Kevin , Arnold Nathanael David , Brück Thomas Bartholomäus 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
L-cysteine is an essential chemical building block in the pharmaceutical-, cosmetic-, food and agricultural sector. Conventionally, L-cysteine production relies on the conversion of keratinous biomass mediated by hydrochloric acid. Today, fermentative production based on recombinant E. coli, where L-cysteine production is streamlined and facilitated by synthetic plasmid constructs, is an alternative process at industrial scale. However, space-time yields and process stability are still to be optimised for improved economic viability. We simulate an industrial fermentation process with Escherichia coli harbouring various L-cysteine production plasmid constructs.
Results
In a comparative experimental design, theE. coli K12 production strain W3110 and the reduced genome strain MDS42, almost free of insertion sequences, were used as hosts. Data indcates that W3110 populations acquire growth fitness at the expense of L-cysteine productivity within 60 generations, while production in MDS42 populations remains stable. For the first time, the negative impact of predominantly insertion sequence family 3 and 5 transposases on L-cysteine production is reported, by combining differential transcriptome analysis with NGS based deep plasmid sequencing. Furthermore, metabolic clustering of differentially expressed genes supports the hypothesis, that metabolic stress induces rapid propagation of plasmid rearrangements, leading to reduced L-cysteine yields in evolving populations over industrial fermentation time scales.
Conclusion
The results of this study implicate how selective deletion of insertion sequence families could be a new route for improving industrial L-cysteine or even general amino acid production using recombinant E. coli hosts. Instead of using minimal genome strains, a selective deletion of certain IS families could offer the benefits of adaptive laboratory evolution (ALE) while maintaining enhanced L-cysteine production stability.
Identification and Interpretation of Gait Analysis Features and Foot Condition by Explainable AI
Authors: Özates Mustafa Erkam , Yaman Alper , Salami Firooz , Campos Sarah , Wolf Sebastian I. , Schneider Urs 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
Clinical gait analysis is a crucial step for identifying foot disorders and surgery planning. However, a large amount of gait data makes this assessment difficult and time-consuming. There are separate efforts to reduce its complexity by manually or automatically finding features (e.g. minimum of a joint angle in a specific axis), identifying the foot condition by Machine Learning (ML), and interpreting the outcome by explainable artificial intelligence (xAI).
Methods
In this article, we explore the potential of state-of-the-art ML algorithms to automate all these steps for a set of 6 foot conditions. New features are created manually and then recursive feature elimination is employed based on Support Vector Machines (SVM) and Random Forest (RF) to eliminate the features with low variance. SVM, RF, K-nearest Neighbor (KNN), Logistic Regression (LREGR), and Majority Voting (MV) algorithms are compared for classification and Local Interpretable Model-agnostic Explanation (LIME) is used for the interpretation of the outcome of the ML models. 40 features are eliminated and 334 features are given to the classifier models as inputs.
Results
The foot conditions are classified with a maximum average accuracy of 0.86 by KNN and MV, maximum average recall of 0.97 by KNN, and max average F1 score of 0.86 by KNN and MV.
Conclusions
High success scores indicate that the relation between the selected features and foot conditions should be strong and meaningful, potentially indicating clinical relevance. All models are interpreted for each foot condition for random 20 patients and the most contributing features are graphically demonstrated. The proposed ML pipeline can be easily extended for other foot conditions and retrained as new data arrives. It can help experts and physicians in the identification of foot conditions and the planning of potential surgeries.
Severe malaria in Gabon: epidemiological, clinical and laboratory features in Amissa Bongo Hospital of Franceville.
Authors: IMBOUMY-LIMOUKOU Roméo Karl , LENDONGO-WOMBO Judicael Boris , NGUIMBYANGUE-APANGOME Andhra Fecilia , BITEGHE-BI-ESSONE Jean Claude , MOUNIOKO Franck , OYEGUE-LIBAGUI Lydie Sandrine , NGOUNGOU Brice Edgar , LEKANA-DOUKI Jean-Bernard 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Malaria is the most deadly parasitic disease and continues to claim more than a half million of deaths across the world each year, mainly those of under-fives children in sub-Saharan Africa. The aim of this study was to determine the epidemiological, clinical and laboratory features of patients with severe malaria at the Centre Hospitalier Régional Amissa Bongo (CHRAB), a referral hospital in Franceville.
Method
It was an observational descriptive study conducted at CHRAB over ten months. All admitted patients at the emergency ward of all ages presenting with positive test to falciparum malaria diagnose by microscopy and rapid test with clinical signs of severe illness describe by World Health Organization were enrolled.
Results
During this study, 1065 patients were tested positive for malaria, of them 220 had severe malaria. Three quarters (75.0%) were younger than 5 years. The mean time to consultation was 3.5 ± 1 days. The most frequent signs of severity on admission were dominated by neurological disorders 92.27% in particular prostration 58.6% and convulsion 24.1%, followed by severe anemia 72.7% hyperlactatemia, 54.6%, jaundice 25% and respiratory distress 21.82%. The other forms such as hypoglycemia, haemoglobinuria, renal failure were found in low proportions <10%. Twenty-one patients died, coma (aOR = 15.54, CI = 5.43-44.41, p<0.01), hypoglycemia (aOR = 15.37, CI = 0.96-0.99, p<0.01), respiratory distress (aOR = 3.85, CI = 1.53-9.73, p=0.004) and abnormal bleeding (aOR = 16.42, CI = 3.57-104.73, p=0.003) were identified as independent predictors of a fatal outcome. Anemia was associated with decreased mortality.
Conclusion
Severe malaria remains a public health problem affecting mostly children under five years. Classification of malaria helps identify the most severely ill patients and aids early and appropriate management of the severe malaria cases.
Impact of acute cholecystitis comorbidity on prognosis after surgery for gallbladder cancer: a propensity score analysis
Authors: Kihara Yasuhiro , Yokomizo Hiroshi , Murotani Kenta 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background: Cholecystitis can represent a comorbidity during gallbladder cancer surgery; nonetheless, the prognostic impact of acute cholecystitis comorbidity remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of acute cholecystitis comorbidity on prognosis after gallbladder cancer surgery, with adjustment for background factors using propensity score analysis.
Methods: A total of 218 patients who underwent gallbladder cancer surgery at our institute between 1986 and 2022 were retrospectively included in the analysis. Patients were divided into two groups according to the presence or absence of acute cholecystitis at the time of surgery. Background factors were adjusted by including intraoperative bile leakage as a covariate in propensity score calculation. Overall survival and recurrence-free survival were compared between the two groups using one-to-one propensity score matching and inverse probability weighting.
Results: Of the 218 patients, 37 had coexisting acute cholecystitis. In one-to-one propensity score matching, the overall survival time in the acute cholecystitis group tended to be shorter than that in the non-acute cholecystitis group, although not significantly (hazard ratio, 2.41; 95% confidence interval, 0.96–6.06). Other analyses using inverse probability weighting showed significantly poor overall survival in the acute cholecystitis group. Regarding recurrence-free survivalin propensity score matching, the acute cholecystitis group showed a significantly shorter duration than the non-acute cholecystitis group (hazard ratio, 6.69; 95% confidence interval, 1.46–30.6). The inverse probability weighting-adjusted analysis also indicated a significantly higher risk of recurrence in the acute cholecystitis group.
Conclusions: Acute cholecystitis comorbidity at the time of gallbladder cancer surgery may have a negative impact on gallbladder cancer prognosis.
A mechanistic model of the neural entropy increase elicited by psychedelic drugs
Authors: Herzog Rubén , Mediano Pedro A.M , Rosas Fernando E. , Lodder Paul , Carhart-Harris Robin , Sanz-Perl Yonatan , Tagliazucchi Enzo , Cofré Rodrigo 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Psychedelic drugs, including lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and other agonists of the serotonin 2A receptor (5HT2A-R), induce drastic changes in subjective experience, and provide a unique opportunity to study the neurobiological basis of consciousness. One of the most notable neurophysiological signatures of psychedelics, increased entropy in spontaneous neural activity, is thought to be of relevance to the psychedelic experience, mediating both acute alterations in consciousness and long-term effects. However, no clear mechanistic explanation for this entropy increase has been put forward so far. We sought to do this here by building upon a recent whole-brain model of serotonergic neuromodulation, to study the entropic effects of 5HT2A-R activation. Our results reproduce the overall entropy increase observed in previous experiments in vivo, providing the first model-based explanation for this phenomenon. We also found that entropy changes were not uniform across the brain: entropy increased in all regions, but the larger effect were localised in visuo-occipital regions. Interestingly, at the whole-brain level, this reconfiguration was not well explained by 5HT2A-R density, but related closely to the topological properties of the brain’s anatomical connectivity. These results help us understand the mechanisms underlying the psychedelic state and, more generally, the pharmacological modulation of whole-brain activity.
Trophic ecology of Octopus vulgaris paralarvae along the Iberian Canary current eastern boundary upwelling system
Authors: Roura Álvaro , Doyle Stephen R. , Castro-Bugallo Alexandra , Gonzalez Ángel F. , Strugnell Jan M. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Our knowledge of the diet of wild Octopus vulgaris is restricted to the first two weeks of its planktonic phase when they are selective hunters found in the coastal area. These small paralarvae, bearing only three suckers per arm, are transported by oceanic currents from the coast towards offshore waters where they complete the planktonic phase in two months. Herein, we have investigated the trophic ecology of O. vulgaris paralarvae as they drift from the coast into the ocean of the Iberian Canary Current (ICC) eastern boundary upwelling system, to evaluate if their specialist trophic behaviour is held throughout the planktonic phase. Paralarvae (n = 100) were collected in Northwest Spain (n = 5, three suckers per arm), across the Northwest Iberian Peninsula (n = 60, three to five suckers per arm) and off the west coast of Morocco (n = 35, three to 15 suckers per arm). Using high-throughput amplicon sequencing up to 90 different prey was identified in 95 paralarvae. Diet varied along the ICC, with the most discriminant groups being crab larvae and siphonophores in the northern part of the ICC and crab larvae and cnidarians in the south. Ontogenetic changes in the diet were detected between coastal and oceanic communities, evidenced by the decreasing contribution of coastal meroplankton and an increase in holoplankton, including siphonophores, pteropods and krill. Averaged trophic niche breadth values ranged from 0.16 to 0.31, thus suggesting that O. vulgaris paralarvae are specialist predators throughout their planktonic phase, a finding that has important implications for the aquaculture of this species.
Mental Health of Medical Students Deteriorated During Pandemic Years From COVID-19. A Multicenter Study by Questionnaire.
Authors: Alves Rodrigo , Aguilar-da-Silva Rinaldo , Vane Luiz , Vieira Joaquim , Vane Matheus , Will Emilio , Timaco Vinicius , Fossa Rodolffo 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Purpose: To assess prevalence and risk factors for stress, depression and anxiety (SDA) in medical students during quarantine by COVID-19.
Methods: A cross-sectional observational study of medical students using the DASS-21 questionnaire. Risk factors for SDA were assessed based on epidemiologic questions related to COVID-19. Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) curves were calculated for each predictor, as well as sensitivity and specificity.
Results: 1008 responses were received, with a 77.5% prevalence of any SDA disorder, 63% being severe. Prior diagnosis of psychiatric disorder was the factor with higher OR (OR 2.78 CI95% 1.44 - 14.25, p=0.044) for anxiety, as well as for depression (OR 3.37 CI95% 1.98 - 6.02, p<0.001). Prior psychiatric illness (OR 3.70 CI95% 2.21 - 6.44, p= 0.001), having a chronic illness (OR 2.09, CI95% 1.19 - 3.83, p=0.013) and male gender (OR 0.56 CI95% 0.37 - 0.86, p=0.009) were independently associated with the outcome for stress.
Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic had effects on the mental health of medical students, with previous psychiatric disorder and the presence of chronic illness being the main risk factors.
Distribution of parasitic chytrids of glacier algae in Alaska; Cryoconite holes as a hotspot of chytrid infection
Authors: Kobayashi Kino , Takeuchi Nozomu , Kagami Maiko 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Glacier algae, which are photosynthetic microbes growing on ice, considerably reduce the surface albedo of glaciers and accelerate their melting rate. The growth of glacier algae can be suppressed by parasitic chytrids, yet their impacts on algal population are still largely unknown. In this study, we described the morphology of chytrid infecting glacier alga, Ancylonema nordenskioldii, and quantified their prevalence of infection in different habitats on a mountain glacier in Alaska. Microscopic observation revealed three different morphological types of chytrids with distinct rhizoid shapes. The size of the sporangia varied probably because of the different stages of their growth, indicating that they actively propagated on the glacier. The prevalence of infection did not vary among sites with different elevations but was significantly higher in cryoconite holes (20 %) than on ice surface (4%) at all sites. This indicates that cryoconite holes are hot spots for chytrid infection of glacier algae, and the dynamics of cryoconite holes might affect the host–parasite interactions between chytrids and glacier algae, which may in turn alter surface albedo and ice melting.
The Effect of Brimonidine Tartrate 0.2% on Visual Quality after Phaco and Extended Depth of Focus Intraocular Lens Implantation
Authors: LI Yansong , LIU Zhen , ZHOU Weiwei , ZHU Yan , ZHU Yuguang 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Objective
To investigate the effect of brimonidine tartrate 0.2% ophthalmic solution on visual quality after phaco and EDOF IOLs implantation.
Methods
The prospective non-randomized study comprised 21 eyes of 21 age-related cataract patients who underwent phacoemulsification and EDOF IOLs implantation in the eye center of the Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University from July 2020 to November 2021. The pseudophakic eye was administered topically with bromonidine tartrate 0.2% at 1 month follow up after EDOF IOL implantation. Before and 2 hours,4 hours after brimonidine tartrate drops was administered topically.Under mesopic conditions,OPD-ScanⅢ was used to measure the objective visual quality such as Strehl Ratio (SR),higher order aberrations (HOA),spherical aberration (SA),Coma and Trefoil. The pupil size and palpebral fissure height were evaluated under mesopic conditions. Uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) and the best corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) were measured using a high-contrast projected logMAR chart. The Visual Functioning-14 (VF-14) scale was used to assess visual functioning and vision-related functional impairment.
Results
After brimonidine tartrate 0.2% was administered topically,compared to baseline,there were significant differences in ocular HOA,SA and Trefoil, as well as in optical quality parameters (P < 0.05). The visual quality improved and reached its optimum value 2 h after brimonidine tartrate 0.2% administration, which could last more than 4h after administration.There was no significant difference in ocular Coma after administration (P > 0.05).There were significant differences in the mesopic pupil size evaluated after 2 hours and 4 hours brimonidine administration compared to baseline (P < 0.05).The mesopic pupil size reached its minimum value 2 h after brimonidine administration. There was no significant difference in UDVA, CDVA and palpebral fissure height after brimonidine administration (P > 0.05). The VF-14 demonstrated that symptoms of glare or halos can be eliminated after brimonidine administration in 67% in pseudophakic eyes, be alleviated in 24% in pseudophakic eyes and not improved in 9% in pseudophakic eyes.
Conclusion
Brimonidine tartrate 0.2% ophthalmic solution had an antimydriatic effect under mesopic conditions in the patients with EDOF IOLs implantation. Brimonidine tartrate 0.2% may be used to improve night visual quality in pseudophakic eyes through reducing ocular HOA, SA and Trefoil,increasing SR,and alleviating symptoms of glare or halos in pseudophakic eyes.