bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Portal and mesenteric venous calcification in patient with advanced cirrhosis
Authors: Pan Bing , Lyu ShaoCheng , He Qiang 
Published: October 2022

Rationale:
The incidence of portal and mesenteric venous calcifications in patients with cirrhosis has rarely been reported. It is also very difficult to determine the vascular lesions in preoperative imaging examination. The liver cirrhosis patients associated with portal venous calcification have high postoperative complications and mortality, but poor prognosis.

Patient concerns:
We present a patient (45-year-old male), who was admitted to the hospital with liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension associated symptoms.

Diagnoses:
Abdominal imaging computed tomography confirmed the presence of calcification in the portal vein system.

Interventions:
The patient underwent allogeneic liver transplantation.

Outcomes:
The patient died 2 days after liver transplantation.

Lessons:
Calcification in the portal vein system is extremely rare, and always occurs in patients with long-standing liver cirrhosis with portal hypertension gastroesophageal varices and splenomegaly. The presence of portal vein calcification on computed tomography may be a sign of portal vein thrombosis, which may result in a difficult transplantation, and poor prognosis.
Clinicopathological and prognostic value of lncRNAs expression in gastric cancer: A field synopsis of observational studies and databases validation
Authors: Xu Xiaona , Duan Fujiao , Ng Shiutin , Wang Haili , Wang Kaijuan , Li Yilin , Niu Guanghui , Xu Erping 
Published: October 2022

Background:
The purpose of this study was to evaluate existing evidence in the field of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and prognosis of gastric cancer.

Methods:
A comprehensive literature search was performed through the electronic database. The combined hazard ratios (HRs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), or progression free survival (PFS) were calculated to assess the strength of the association. Kaplan–Meier (KM) plotter was used to verify lncRNA HOX transcript antisense RNA (HOTAIR) expression and OS.

Results:
Overall, a significant correlation between high lncRNAs expression and poor OS was explored in patients with gastric cancer (HR = 1.78, P < .001). Subgroup analysis based on statistical methods indicated the high expression of lncRNAs in log-rank (HR = 1.87, P < .001) and multivariate analysis (HR = 1.71, P < .001) were all significantly correlated with the poor OS. Clinicopathological parameters analysis showed the lncRNA expression were significantly associated prognosis, including TNM stage, tumor size, pathological differentiation, lymph nodes metastasis, distance metastasis, invasion depth and Lauren’s classification. It was consistent with the verification results of bioinformatics database for lncRNA HOTAIR (P < .001).

Conclusion:
Our study confirmed the expression of lncRNAs and clinicopathological features may serve as effective indicators of prognosis in patients with gastric cancer.
Bilateral verses bilateral with tri-segmental endoscopic drainage using metal stents for high-grade malignant hilar biliary obstructions: A multicenter, randomized controlled trial: BRAVE study (BRAVE study)
Authors: Matsumoto Kazuyuki , Mitsuhashi Toshiharu , Kawamoto Hirofumi , Ishida Etsuji , Fujii Masakuni , Akimoto Yutaka , Seki Hiroyuki , Ishihara Yuki , Ogawa Taiji , Yamazaki Tatsuhiro , Fujii Yuki , Kato Hironari 
Published: October 2022

Introduction:
Bilateral endoscopic drainage with self-expanding metallic stent (SEMS) can be used to manage hilar malignant biliary obstruction (HMBO) more effectively in comparison to unilateral drainage. An increased drainage area is predicted to prolong stent patency and patient survival. However, few reports have described the utility of trisegmental drainage and the benefits of using trisegmental drainage remain unknown. Thus, we launched a randomized clinical trial (RCT) to compare the clinical outcomes between bilateral and trisegmental drainage using SEMSs in patients with high-grade HMBO.

Methods and analysis:
This study was conducted as a multicenter randomized control trial (RCT) in 8 high-volume medical centers in Japan, and will prove the non-inferiority of bilateral drainage to trisegmental drainage. Patients with unresectable HMBO with Bismuth type IIIa or IV who pass the inclusion and exclusion criteria will be randomized to receive bilateral or trisegmental drainage at a 1:1 ratio. At each center, the on-site study investigators will obtain informed consent from the candidates, and will use an electronic data capture system (REDCap) to input necessary information, and register candidates with the registration secretariat. The primary endpoint is the rate of non-recurrent biliary obstruction (RBO) at 180 days after SEMSs placement. A −10% non-inferiority margin is assumed in the statistical analysis of the primary endpoint. Secondary endpoints include the rate of technical and clinical success, time to recurrent biliary obstruction (TRBO), causes of RBO, procedure-related adverse events (AEs), procedure time, TRBO with or without endoscopic sphincterotomy, overall survival, and the technical and clinical success rates at reintervention.

Discussion:
If the non-inferiority of bilateral drainage is demonstrated, it is predicted that the procedure time will be shortened and the medical cost will be reduced, which will be beneficial to the patient and the medical economy.

Trial registration:
Registered in Japan Registry of Clinical Trial-Registration (trial number. jRCTs062220038). This version number 1. Protocol dated Jun 23, 2022.
Exploration of hub genes involved in PCOS using biological informatics methods
Authors: Zhou Fei , Xing Yuling , Cheng Tiantian , Yang Linlin , Ma Huijuan 
Published: October 2022

Background:
The aim of this study was to find underlying genes and their interaction mechanism crucial to the polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) by analyzing differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between PCOS and non-PCOS subjects.

Methods:
Gene expression data of PCOS and non-PCOS subjects were collected from gene expression omnibus (GEO) database. GEO2R were used to calculating P value and logFC. The screening threshold of DEGs was P < .05 and | FC | ≥ 1.2. GO annotation and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) signaling pathway enrichment analysis was performed by using DAVID (2021 Update). The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of DEGs was constructed by using the STRING database, and the hub genes were recognized through Hubba plugin of Cytoscape software.

Results:
PCOS and non-PCOS subjects shared a total of 174 DGEs, including 14 upregulated and 160 downregulated genes. The GO biological processes enriched by DEGs mainly involved actin cytoskeleton organization, positive regulation of NF-κB signaling pathway, and positive regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway. The DEGs were significantly enriched in cytoplasm, nucleus and cytosol. Their molecular functions mainly focused on protein binding, calmodulin binding and glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase activity. The PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis were highlighted as critical pathways enriched by DEGs. 10 hub genes were screened from the constructed PPI network, of which EGF, FN1 and TLR4 were mainly enriched in the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.

Conclusion:
In this study, a total of 174 DEGs and 10 hub genes were identified as new candidate targets for insulin resistance (IR) in PCOS individuals, which may provide a new direction for developing novel treatment strategies for PCOS.
Traumatic lateral atlantoaxial dislocation combined with a type II odontoid fracture in a patient with ankylosing spondylitis: A case report
Authors: Eun Jongpil , Oh Youngmin 
Published: October 2022

Rationale:
Traumatic lateral atlantoaxial dislocation (AAD) combined with an odontoid fracture is extremely rare. The standards applicable to management of the traumatic lateral AAD are still in flux due to the infrequency of this injury.

Patient concerns:
We present a unique case of traumatic lateral AAD combined with a type II odontoid fracture in a patient with ankylosing spondylitis (AS).

Diagnosis:
Spinal computed tomography showed ankylosis of the entire spine from the sacroiliac joint to the cervical spine. On the cervical X-ray the head was rotated to the right with anterior subluxation of the C1 and odontoid tip relative to C2. The coronal computed tomography (CT) scan also revealed left lateral dislocation of C1 on C2 with a horizontal translation of the odontoid tip. On the axial and sagittal CT scan, the left C1 lateral mass was displaced anteriorly and locked by C2 body

Interventions:
We performed occipito-cervical fusion (OCF) after successful manual reduction under general anesthesia.

Outcomes:
The patient’s recovery from surgery was uneventful and without complication. At the 3 year follow-up the patient was asymptomatic and reportedly satisfied with the surgery.

Lessons:
Traumatic AAD with an odontoid fracture is an exceedingly uncommon cervical spine injury. A lateral subluxation with a type II odontoid fracture in a patient with AS is rarer still, so much so that this type of subluxation was not classifiable using any of the previously developed classification systems. In this patient with AS, posterior OCF with internal fixation was necessary to avoid hardware failure, particularly in light of the intensive stress caused by AS.
Comparison of hallux valgus deformed ballerinas and sedentary individuals in terms of balance parameters
Authors: Ozkunt Okan , Kaya Ozcan , Kurt İrem 
Published: October 2022

Background:
We aimed to compare static and dynamic balance parameters and health quality parameters in ballerina and non-ballerina adolescents with hallux valgus deformity.

Methods:
Forty five volunteer female adolescent ballet students between the ages of 7 and 17, with hallux valgus were recruited. Group 1 = in the control group, 31 sedentary adolescents with hallux valgus were included. Group 2 = Romberg test and Flamingo test were used for static balance. The SEBT (Star Excursion Balance Test) was used to measure dynamic balance.

Results:
Age, sex, and body mass index (BMI) characteristics were similar between ballerina and control groups (P < .05). The Romberg test stands upright with closed eyes, with a significant difference 47.22 in group 1 and 38.13 in group 2. In contrast there was a significant difference between the two groups in the Romberg test single limb with eyes open and closed. For open eyes single limb test mean score was 55.06 in ballerinas and 44.2 in sedentary group, similarly single limb test with closed eyes mean score was 25.68 in group 1 and 18.67 in group 2.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, the results of this study show that ballerinas have better single-limb and closed-eye balance than sedentary individuals with HV deformities.
Antibodies against Toxoplasma gondii positive in serum and aqueous humor to diagnose clinically suspected ocular toxoplasmosis: A case report
Authors: Niu Lixia , Wang Sufang , Li Yunyun , Liu Jun 
Published: October 2022

Introduction:
Previously, diagnosis of ocular toxoplasmosis is based on clinical symptoms and Toxoplasma serology. Checking serological indicators often cannot reflect the real intraocular situation, and may even mislead clinicians to make wrong judgments.

Patient concerns:
A 38-year-old male patient visited our ophthalmology clinic with a chief complaint of decreased vision for about 5 days in his right eye.

Diagnosis:
Aqueous humor sample analysis found Toxoplasma DNA detectable, and Toxoplasma immunoglobulin G (IgG) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) to be positive. His serum Toxoplasma IgG was also positive (10.04 IU/mL; reference range: 0 to 7.2 IU/mL). Therefore, the final diagnose was ocular toxoplasmosis involving his right eye.

Interventions:
Oral prednisone 60 mg/day and azithromycin 0.25 g/day were started. Oral antibiotic treatment for toxoplasma was continued for 4 weeks, and prednisone followed by weekly stepwise tapering in steps of 10 mg/day.

Outcomes:
The BCVA and fundus of right eye remained stable after treatment at follow-up.

Conclusions:
This article reported a case of ocular Toxoplasma gondii infection diagnosis by serum and aqueous humor antibody tests. We provide some additional information on the T gondii infection diagnosis.
Efficacy and safety of acupuncture in the treatment of foot drop in post-stroke: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Gao Ying , Gang Xiaochao , Yuan Yue , Yin Kai , Gong Xiaoyan 
Published: October 2022

Background:
Foot drop is a common complication in post-stroke. Patients with foot drop are at high risk for falls and fall-related injuries. Accordingly, it can reduce independence and quality of life in patients. Clinical studies have confirmed that acupuncture is effective in treating foot drop in post-stroke. However, there is a lack of systematic review exploring the efficacy and safety of acupuncture treatment. This study aims to assess the efficacy and safety of acupuncture in the treatment of foot drop in poststroke from the results of randomized controlled trials.

Methods:
We will search articles in 8 electronic databases including the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, the Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, the China National Knowledge Infrastructure, the Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, Wanfang Data Database, and the Chinese Scientific Journal Database for RCTs of acupuncture treated foot drop in post-stroke from their inception to 10 August 2022. We will analyze the data meeting the inclusion criteria with the RevMan V.5.4 software. Two authors will assess the quality of the study with the Cochrane collaborative risk bias tool. We will evaluate the certainty of the estimated evidence with the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) method. Data analysis will be performed using STATA 16.0.

Results:
This study will review and evaluate the available evidence for the treatment of foot drop in post-stroke using acupuncture.

Conclusion subsections:
This study will determine the efficacy and safety of acupuncture applied to post-stroke individuals with foot drop.
Use of PDSA Cycles to Increase Aspiration Risk and Swallow Screening Documentation in the Hospitalized General Medical Patient Care Population
Authors: Jaekel Camilla , Becker Denise Peters , Voss Yvonne 
Published: October 2022

Background:
Aspiration, while hospitalized, can lead to increases in length of stay and health care costs. Nurses must identify patients at risk of aspiration early to initiate appropriate precautions.

Local Problem:
An increase in-hospital patient aspirations at a Midwestern hospital prompted a review of events, which identified opportunities to improve identification of patients' risk factors and completion of the bedside swallow screening.

Methods:
Interventions were identified via a causal factor tree analysis and an impact-effort grid then deployed using the Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) methodology.

Interventions:
Interventions deployed included game based-learning, a unit-based champion, and the use of visual cues to identify patients at risk for aspiration.

Results:
After 3 PDSA cycles, documentation of patients' aspiration risk factors on admission increased by 40%, with a 51.3% increase in bedside swallow screening results.

Conclusion:
Iterative PDSA cycles successfully tested staff engagement strategies to improve aspiration risk and swallow screening documentation compliance.
Who Are the Local Policy Innovators? Cluster Analysis of Municipal Tobacco Control Policies in Massachusetts
Authors: Feng Wenhui , Lischko Amy , Martin Erika G. , Skeer Margie , Kaplan Anna , Wang Yihua , Stopka Thomas J. 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT

Context:
Tobacco use is a leading cause of preventable death, yet it is challenging to establish public policy to reduce tobacco use. Massachusetts has been a national leader in tobacco control, and its policy-making patterns can be informative to the country.

Objective:
To identify factors associated with the adoption of tobacco policy within 351 Massachusetts municipalities.

Design:
We obtained the 2019 Massachusetts municipality-level tobacco control policy information from Massachusetts' Tobacco Automated Fact Sheet Information system and compiled it with data from American Community Survey, Massachusetts Municipal Association, and Massachusetts state government's Web sites. We used k-means clustering method to identify statistical clustering patterns and hotspot analysis (Getis-Ord Gi*) and Local Indicators of Spatial Association to identify geographic clustering patterns. We then performed multinomial logistic regression to identify factors associated with policy clusters.

Setting:
Massachusetts.

Participants:
Three hundred fifty-one municipalities in Massachusetts.

Main Outcome Measure:
Policy clusters—groups of municipalities with similar tobacco control policy behaviors.

Results:
Based on the k-means analyses, we identified 3 clusters in Massachusetts municipal tobacco control policy behaviors: 54% (N = 191) of municipalities were “Policy Leaders” with a high adoption rate of the 6 tobacco control policies; 18% (N = 63) were “Peer-Influenced Actors” focused on tobacco purchase restrictions for individuals younger than 21 years; and 28% (N = 97) were “Policy Non-Actors,” with no tobacco control policies in place. Policy Leaders were geographically clustered in larger cities and the MetroWest region. Policy Non-Actors were clustered in rural areas of Western and Central Massachusetts. Larger municipal population size, higher municipal tax income, and higher percentages of residents voting Democratic were associated with higher policy adoption activities.

Conclusions:
Local variation in the adoption of tobacco policies may exacerbate inequities in tobacco use and population health. Opportunities remain to implement additional tobacco control regulations at the local level to promote public health.
Pregnancy Outcomes Among Perinatally HIV-Infected Women in Spain
Authors: Nogueira López Javier , Prieto-Tato Luis , Escosa-García Luis , Bernardino José I. , Muñoz Eloy , Díez Cristina , Carrasco Itzíar , Ryan Pablo , Guillén-Martín Sara , Ramos-Amador José Tomás , Navarro María Luisa , Holguín Africa , Sainz Talía ,   The CoRISpe Group
Published: October 2022

Background:
An increasing number of women living with perinatally acquired HIV are reaching adulthood and becoming pregnant. Achieving viral suppression is challenging in this population frequently exposed to numerous antiretroviral regimens. This study describes the long-term outcomes of pregnant women living with perinatally acquired HIV in Spain.

Methods:
Descriptive, retrospective, multicenter study of the women living with perinatally acquired HIV who gave birth between January 2000 and December 2019 in Madrid. Epidemiological, clinical, and HIV-related data were collected from the first delivery to the end of the study period, including antiretroviral therapy, prevention strategies, and outcomes.

Results:
Sixty-three live births in 33 women were included. The mean number of pregnancies per women was 1.9 (range: 1–6). At first delivery, women's median age was 20 years (interquartile range: 18–23), 11 (33.3%) had been previously diagnosed with AIDS and 6 (18%) with mental health disorders. Forty percent became pregnant unsuppressed, whereas 81% achieved viral suppression at delivery. Treatment interruptions were common after delivery, as were losses to follow-up, with no positive effect of pregnancy on retention to care or the immune virological situation. Five women (15%) experienced a new AIDS event, and there were 2 deaths (6%) during follow-up. There was 1 case of mother-to-child transmission in a nonadherent woman in whom preventive measures could not be implemented.

Conclusions:
Pregnancy in this unique population of women living with perinatally acquired HIV poses particular challenges. Specific strategies, including a multidisciplinary approach, are needed to minimize perinatal transmission risks and improve outcomes during the postpartum period.
Impact of COVID-19 on HIV Testing Among AIDS Institute–Funded Providers in New York State–A Time Series Analysis
Authors: O'Grady Thomas J. , Yuan Yingchao , Harris Julie M. , Massaroni Ronald J. , Fuller John A. , Tesoriero James M. 
Published: October 2022

Background:
New York State (NYS) was at the intersection of the HIV epidemic and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic leading to a disruption in HIV-preventive services. This study sought to determine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and mitigation efforts on HIV-testing trends in NYS among AIDS Institute (AI)-funded providers.

Methods:
We analyzed weekly testing data from the AI Reporting System from January 1, 2017, to June 27, 2021, to fit an interrupted time series model that predicted the expected number of HIV tests among AI-funded providers in NYS had the COVID-19 pandemic not occurred. The actual observed numbers of HIV testing that occurred from weeks beginning March 15, 2020, to June 30, 2021, were compared with the number of HIV tests predicted by the model.

Results:
In the absence of the COVID-19 pandemic, our model predicted that there would have been 45,605 HIV tests among AI-funded providers between the weeks beginning March 15, 2020, to June 27, 2021. We observed 20,742 HIV tests, representing a 54.5% reduction. We observed percent decreases of greater than 50% for HIV testing among AI-funded providers for New York City (52.9%) and rest of state (59.8%) regions, male (50.6%) and female (66.8%) genders, as well as Black (59.2%), Hispanic (52.8%), mixed race (57.5%), other (50.3%), and White (50.1%) race and ethnicities.

Conclusion:
HIV testing among AI-funded providers in NYS has declined substantially following the COVID-19 pandemic, reflecting decreased access to, and/or demand for, testing among persons at elevated risk for HIV. Initiatives to increase HIV testing and maintain access to HIV prevention services need to be explored following COVID-19.
Fin whale singalong: evidence of song conformity
Authors: Romagosa Miriam , Nieukirk Sharon , Cascão Irma , Marques Tiago A. , Dziak Robert , Royer Jean-Yves , O’Brien Joanne , Mellinger David K. , Pereira Andreia , Ugalde Arantza , Papale Elena , Aniceto Sofia , Buscaino Giuseppa , Rasmussen Marianne , Matias Luis , Prieto Rui , Silva Mónica A. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMechanisms driving song learning and conformity are still poorly known yet fundamental to understand the behavioural ecology of animals. Broadening the taxonomic range of these studies and interpreting song variation under the scope of cultural evolution will increase our knowledge on vocal learning strategies. Here, we analysed changes in fin whale (Balaenoptera physalus) songs recorded over two decades across the Central and Northeast Atlantic Ocean. We found a rapid (over 4 years) replacement of fin whale song types (different inter-note intervals - INIs) that co-existed with hybrid songs during the transition period and showed a clear geographic pattern. We also revealed gradual changes in INIs and note frequencies over more than a decade with all males adopting both rapid and gradual changes. These results provide evidence of vocal learning of rhythm in fin whale songs and conformity in both song rhythm and note frequencies.