bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and increased blood pressure in normotensive subjects: a population-based study
Authors: Lee Dong-Hwa , Park Jong Eun , Kim So Young , Jeon Hyun Jeong , Park Jong-Hyock 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Insulin resistance (IR) is an important contributor to the development of hypertension (HTN), and the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index has been proposed as a simple, reliable marker of IR. This study investigated the association between the TyG index and blood pressure (BP) elevation in a large general population.

Methods
The study enrolled 15,721 adults with no history of cardiometabolic diseases from the 2016–2019 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Participants were classified into quartiles based on the TyG index and BP was categorized as normal BP, elevated BP, pre-HTN, and HTN. The associations of the TyG index with BP categories were assessed using multivariate multinomial logistic regression models with normal BP as the reference group.

Results
The mean systolic/diastolic BP and prevalence of HTN increased with the TyG index (P for trend < 0.001). The continuous TyG index had a strong dose-response relationship with increased odds of elevated BP, pre-HTN, and HTN. Compared with the lowest TyG index quartile, the highest TyG index quartile was significantly associated with higher odds of having elevated BP (odds ratio [OR], 1.52; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.24–1.87; P for trend < 0.001), pre-HTN (OR, 2.22; 95% CI, 1.95–2.53; P for trend < 0.001), and HTN (OR, 4.24; 95% CI, 3.49–5.16; P for trend < 0.001).

Conclusion
We found that a higher TyG index was positively associated with the risk of increased BP in normal healthy individuals. This study suggests that the TyG index might serve as a potential predictor of HTN. However, further studies with larger sample sizes and various target populations in longitudinal designs are needed.
One class classification for the detection of β2 adrenergic receptor agonists using single-ligand dynamic interaction data
Authors: Chiesa Luca , Kellenberger Esther 
Published: October 2022

AbstractG protein-coupled receptors are involved in many biological processes, relaying the extracellular signal inside the cell. Signaling is regulated by the interactions between receptors and their ligands, it can be stimulated by agonists, or inhibited by antagonists or inverse agonists. The development of a new drug targeting a member of this family requires to take into account the pharmacological profile of the designed ligands in order to elicit the desired response. The structure-based virtual screening of chemical libraries may prioritize a specific class of ligands by combining docking results and ligand binding information provided by crystallographic structures. The performance of the method depends on the relevance of the structural data, in particular the conformation of the targeted site, the binding mode of the reference ligand, and the approach used to compare the interactions formed by the docked ligand with those formed by the reference ligand in the crystallographic structure. Here, we propose a new method based on the conformational dynamics of a single protein–ligand reference complex to improve the biased selection of ligands with specific pharmacological properties in a structure-based virtual screening exercise. Interactions patterns between a reference agonist and the receptor, here exemplified on the β2 adrenergic receptor, were extracted from molecular dynamics simulations of the agonist/receptor complex and encoded in graphs used to train a one-class machine learning classifier. Different conditions were tested: low to high affinity agonists, varying simulation duration, considering or ignoring hydrophobic contacts, and tuning of the classifier parametrization. The best models applied to post-process raw data from retrospective virtual screening obtained by docking of test libraries effectively filtered out irrelevant poses, discarding inactive and non-agonist ligands while identifying agonists. Taken together, our results suggest that consistency of the binding mode during the simulation is a key to the success of the method.
Data and image storage on synthetic DNA: existing solutions and challenges
Authors: Dimopoulou Melpomeni , Antonini Marc 
Published: October 2022

AbstractStorage of digital data is becoming challenging for humanity due to the relatively short life-span of storage devices. Furthermore, the exponential increase in the generation of digital data is creating the need for constantly constructing new resources to handle the storage of this data volume. Recent studies suggest the use of the DNA molecule as a promising novel candidate which can hold 500 Gbyte/mm$$^3$$

3

(1000 times more than HDD drives). Any digital information can be synthesized into DNA in vitro and stored in special tiny storage capsules that can promise reliability for hundreds of years. The stored DNA sequence can be retrieved whenever needed using special machines that are called sequencers. This whole process is very challenging, as the process of DNA synthesis is expensive in terms of money and sequencing is prone to errors. However, studies have shown that when respecting several rules in the encoding, the probability of sequencing error is reduced. Consequently, the encoding of digital information is not trivial, and the input data need to be efficiently compressed before encoding so that the high synthesis cost is reduced. In this paper, we present a survey on the storage of digital data in synthetic DNA, explaining the problem which is tackled by this novel field of study, present the main processes included in the storage workflow as well as the history of different studies and the most well-known algorithms that have been proposed in the bibliography on DNA data storage.
Patient satisfaction with e-oral health care in rural and remote settings: a systematic review
Authors: Emami Elham , Harnagea Hermina , Shrivastava Richa , Ahmadi Motahareh , Giraudeau Nicolas 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundDuring the past decade e-oral health technology has been used to address the oral health care challenges in rural and remote settings. This review systematically evaluated the literature on patient satisfaction with e-oral health care in rural and remote communities.MethodsThe systematic review included interventional and observational studies published between 1946 and 2021, in the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Global Health. Patient satisfaction with received oral health care using self-reported measures, at any time after the intervention, was the main outcome of the review. The other primary outcomes were undesirable consequences of the health care (e-health or conventional) such as diagnostic error. The secondary outcomes considered were waiting time, number of visits, travel, and the cost of oral health care. Two independent researchers assessed the risk of bias using the ROBINS-I risk of bias assessment tool for non-randomized studies.ResultsAmong 898 studies, 16 studies were included in the review. In most studies reporting patient satisfaction, all patients had shown willingness for teleconsultation for a dental problem and they were mostly satisfied due to saved travel time, saved working days, and prompt treatment onset. Most of the studies acknowledged teledentistry as a cost-effective and cost-saving method. Moreover, the teledentistry consultations showed diagnostic reliability and validity values comparable to conventional dental consultations. The majority of studies were considered level 4 and 3b, due to limited sample populations, analysis based on limited alternatives or costs, non-consistent sensitivity analysis, failure to appropriately control known confounders, and/or failure to carry out an appropriate follow-up of patients.ConclusionAvailable evidence indicates that e-oral health is associated with higher patient satisfaction and has been found to be an effective and reliable method for patients in rural and remote areas. Therefore, in these areas, the use of e-oral health should be encouraged. However, methodological inconsistencies in the current evidence suggest the need for long-term cohort studies and clinical trials, as well as cost analysis on e-oral health in rural settings.Systematic review registrationThe systematic review protocol was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) under the registration number CRD42016039942.
Longitudinal patterns of the relation between anxiety, depression and posttraumatic stress disorder among postpartum women with and without maternal morbidities in Northwest Ethiopia: a cross-lagged autoregressive structural equation modelling
Authors: Malaju Marelign Tilahun , Alene Getu Degu 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
The postpartum period is a time where mothers can undergo significant changes that increase vulnerability for depression, anxiety and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms.
However, the direct and indirect factors of depression, anxiety and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms and their direction of relationships following childbirth is not well investigated in Ethiopia. The aim of this study was to determine the direct and indirect factors of depression, anxiety and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms and their direction of relationships following childbirth.

Methods
A total of 775 women consented to participate at the first, second and third follow-up of the study (6th, 12th and 18th week of postpartum period) during October, 2020 – March, 2021.
Women were recruited after childbirth and before discharge using the World Health Organization maternal morbidity working group criteria to identify exposed and non-exposed groups. A cross-lagged autoregressive path analysis and linear structural equation modelling were carried out using Stata version 16 software.

Results
Prevalence rates of anxiety were 18.5%, 15.5% and 8.5% at the 6th, 12th and 18th week of postpartum respectively. The prevalence rates for depression were also found to be 15.5%, 12.9% and 8.6% respectively during the same follow up period and for posttraumatic stress disorder it was found to be 9.7%, 6.8% and 3.5% at the 6th, 12th and 18th week of postpartum respectively. Moreover, anxiety and depression were found to be a causal risk factors for posttraumatic stress disorder in the postpartum period. Direct maternal morbidity, fear of childbirth, higher gravidity, perceived traumatic childbirth and indirect maternal morbidity were found to have a direct and indirect positive association with depression, anxiety and posttraumatic stress disorder. In contrast, higher parity, higher family size and higher social support have a direct and indirect negative association.

Conclusion
Postnatal mental health screening, early diagnosis and treatment of maternal morbidities, developing encouraging strategies for social support and providing adequate information about birth procedures and response to mothers’ needs during childbirth are essential to improve maternal mental health in the postpartum period.
ENT characteristics and therapeutic results in multisystemic disorders of mitochondrial encephalomyopathy
Authors: Long Haishan , Wen Cheng , Zhao Juan , Wang Jiawei , Li Yang , Fu Xinxing , Huang Lihui 
Published: October 2022

AbstractHere we report the evaluation of the frequency of subjective and objective otolaryngologic findings and therapeutic results in 32 patients with mitochondrial encephalomyopathy (MEM) from September 2001 to June 2021. Our analysis included studying the patients’ family histories, the clinical manifestations of MEM, and the therapeutic effects of treatments. The patients’ ages ranged from 2 to 77 years, with a median age of 12.3 years. We found that MEM ENT symptoms were characterized by hearing loss, dysphagia, and facial weakness. Most cases of sensorineural hearing loss were bilateral symmetrical progressive or sudden deafness since adolescence, which were often underestimated. Associated neuromuscular symptoms required mtDNA testing. Dysphagia and facial weakness occurred preferentially in middle-aged patients, and muscle biopsies were advised. Distortion product otoacoustic emissions and auditory brainstem responsetesting were more sensitive and reliable than pure tone averages for objective monitoring of pathogenesis. Administration of the mitochondrial synthase complex benefited patients with acute episodes. If patients did not fully recover and exhibitedresidual language deficits, hearing aids or cochlear implants were recommended. Counsel was given regarding synthetical treatments for facial weakness, endoscopic circopharyngealmyotomy for dysphagia, and surgical correction of ptosis. This study demonstrates that increased awareness of these symptoms is important to address appropriate interventions and avoid complications such as ablepsia, aphasia, social isolation, malnutrition, aspiration pneumonia, and heart failure in the setting of MEM.
Humanitarian policymaking as networked governance: social network analysis of the Global Compact on Refugees
Authors: Clark-Ginsberg Aaron , Balagna Jay , Nam Cyd Stacy , Casagrande Maya , Wilkinson Olivia 
Published: October 2022

AbstractHumanitarian policymaking is a form of ‘networked governance,’ involving many different stakeholders working in parallel to influence each other and to shape policy agendas. This article uses social network analysis (SNA), a research technique used to understand complex structures of relations between stakeholders, to begin to understand policymaking from this networked governance perspective. To do so, we examine one of the most significant refugee policy processes in recent history, the 2016–2018 efforts to formulate and adopt the Global Compact on Refugees (GCR). Starting with the policy network of one stakeholder involved in GCR, the Joint Learning Initiative on Faith and Local Community, we survey 24 representatives of organizations involved in the GCR policymaking process. In doing so, we identify the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, World Vision, and the International Council of Voluntary Agencies as three influential stakeholders in this network of mostly international NGOs. We note limited engagement of local and private sector actors but argue that this may or may not be problematic from a perspective of networked governance and equity. Through examining the Joint Learning Initiative policy network, this article offers new evidence concerning who is influential in international refugee policymaking space and contributes to an understanding of humanitarian action as a networked governance enterprise. We also show, as proof of concept, the ways SNA can be used to gain an understanding of the dynamics of policymaking systems and the patterns of influence within them.
Redesigning a cap-and-trade program for air emissions by agent-based modeling
Authors: Huang Hsing-Fu , Ma Hwong-Wen 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis paper establishes a virtual model based on the concept of agent-based method and cost-effectiveness analysis to determine the feasibility of reviewing and improving the cap-and-trade program, using the air emission program in Taiwan as a case study. We adjusted the emission baseline, reduction target proportion, and trading platform under the scheme and simulated the emission reduction and trading behavior of each type of pollutant in different cases.Based on the comparative results of the modeling schemes analyzed in this paper, it is suggested that to improve the distribution of reduction targets without including trading systems can result in the most reduction amount in the study regions. Compared with an approach that includes a trading system, the proposed method provides a simple approach without any obvious increase in the reduction objects’ average cost per unit of reduction. However, this approach makes it difficult for newly proposed investment projects to settle in the region to acquire the offset; therefore, an alternative measure should be designed for this purpose in such a case. When policy-makers default on making decisions based on air emission caps, a reduction scheme based on a supported trading system will be more adaptable for economic development. It is recommended to consider the maximum emission of the previous 7 years as a baseline, along with a trading platform, for making the market more effective and ensuring a smaller impact on the reduction target of the polluters.
Identifying core strategies and mechanisms for spreading a national medicines optimisation programme across England—a mixed-method study applying qualitative thematic analysis and Qualitative Comparative Analysis
Authors: Ziemann Alexandra , Sibley Andrew , Tuvey Sam , Robens Sarah , Scarbrough Harry 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Achieving widespread adoption of innovations across health systems remains a challenge. Past efforts have focused on identifying and classifying strategies to actively support innovation spread (replicating an innovation across sites), but we lack an understanding about the mechanisms which such strategies draw on to deliver successful spread outcomes. There is also no established methodology to identify core strategies or mechanisms which could be replicated with fidelity in new contexts when spreading innovations. We aimed to understand which strategies and mechanisms are connected with successful spread using the case of a national medicines optimisation programme in England.

Methods
The study applied a comparative mixed-method case study approach. We compared spread activity in 15 Academic Health Science Networks (AHSN) in England, applied to one innovation case, Transfers of Care Around Medicines (TCAM). We followed two methodological steps: (1) qualitative thematic analysis of primary data collected from 18 interviews with AHSN staff members to identify the strategies and mechanisms and related contextual determinants and (2) Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) combining secondary quantitative data on spread outcome and qualitative themes from step 1 to identify the core strategies and mechanisms.

Results
We identified six common spread strategy-mechanism constructs that AHSNs applied to spread the TCAM national spread programme: (1) the unique intermediary position of the AHSN as “honest broker” and local networking organisation, (2) the right capacity and position of the spread facilitator, (3) an intersectoral and integrated stakeholder engagement approach, (4) the dynamic marriage of the innovation with local health and care system needs and characteristics, (5) the generation of local evidence, and (6) the timing of TCAM. The QCA resulted in the core strategy/mechanism of a timely start into the national spread programme in combination with the employment of a local, senior pharmacist as an AHSN spread facilitator.

Conclusions
By qualitatively comparing experiences of spreading one innovation across different contexts, we identified common strategies, causal mechanisms, and contextual determinants. The QCA identified one core combination of two strategies/mechanisms. The identification of core strategies/mechanisms and common pre-conditional and mediating contextual determinants of a specific innovation offers spread facilitators and implementers a priority list for tailoring spread activities.
Systemic analysis of eeg activation response in right and left handers
Authors: Lobasyuk B. , Bartsevich L. 
Published: October 2022

Most researchers in the study of the EEG activation response studied changes in alpha activity, while the dynamics of changes in other EEG rhythms and functional interhemispheric asymmetry (FMAA) was described and analyzed to an immeasurably lesser extent. Considering electrogenesis as a systemic category, it is advisable to study the relationships between the amplitudes of EEG rhythms using multiple regression and correlation methods of analysis. The EEG was studied on practically healthy people, students, in the state of PR and OR. Lateralization (right-handed-left-handed) was determined by EEG parameters. Activation coefficients (AC) were determined by dividing the beta-2 rhythm duration index by the alpha rhythm duration index. Relationships formed between the amplitudes of EEG rhythms were studied using calculations of multiple linear regression and correlation.
In own research we was show: when opening the eyes, the amplitude of alpha and beta-1 rhythms in right-handers and left-handers decreased statistically signifiantly. Changes in the parameters of beta-2 EEG rhythms when opening the eyes in right-handers were determined to be increased in the left and right hemispheres, and in left-handers only in the forehead-temporal abduction of the left hemisphere - an increase in the duration index. Indicators of theta rhythm in right-handed people decreased in the left and right hemispheres when opening the eyes, and in left-handers, changes in theta rhythm were manifested only in the crown-occiput abduction of the right abduction. The amplitude and frequency of the EEG delta rhythm in right-handers decreased in the left and right hemispheres, and the duration indices were determined to be statistically significantly increased in all leads, with the exception of the forehead-temporal of the left hemisphere, while in left-handers, changes in the delta rhythm were observed mainly in the right hemisphere and were expressed in a decrease in amplitudes and rhythm frequencies. In the study of FIA, the alpha-rhythm index of right-handers under PR conditions was determined to be negative, and in left-handers it was positive. Under conditions of operational rest, this indicator was positive for both left-handers and right-handers. When opening the eyes, the AC in most leads increased statistically significantly in both right-handers and left-handers.
The regression analysis revealed that the number of statistically significant regression coefficients increased significantly in the left hemisphere in right-handers under OP conditions, while in left-handers it decreased in the right hemisphere.