bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Initial Temper on the Warm Forming Characteristics of a High Strength 7000-series Al-Zn-Mg-Cu Alloy
Authors: DiCecco S , Di Ciano M , Butcher C , Worswick M 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In this work, the formability of a developmental 7000-series copper containing aluminium alloy was assessed at room temperature (RT), 150°C, 175°C and 200°C in pre-aged (PA), peak-aged (T6) and overaged (T76) tempers using Nakazima tests with stereoscopic digital image correlation (DIC) strain measurement. The limit strains were identified using a novel curvature-based approach to detect the formation of an acute neck. The tensile mechanical properties in these warm forming processing routes were characterized with and without a paint bake cycle. Finally, a thermo-mechanical tensile simulator was used to evaluate the constitutive response of the PA and T76 tempers as a function of strain-rate and time at 175°C. Formability results found the selected PA temper to have a good room temperature formability and a mild positive response to the selected warm-forming cycles. The T6 and T76 tempers both exhibited increases in formability in response to warm forming. The PA temper had a significant positive response to short-duration warm forming and subsequent paint baking, with the yield strength increasing from 420 MPa to 512 MPa following this thermal cycle. For the T6 temper, the warm-forming cycle showed a trend characteristic of retrogression and re-aging, with the warm-forming cycle dropping the yield strength from 566 MPa to 534 MPa and the subsequent paint-bake re-aging to 554 MPa. The effect of aging during pre-heating prior to warm forming on the warm constitutive response of the PA and T76 tempers was also investigated. Both tempers exhibited rather different aging responses to short-duration thermal cycles. In the PA temper, this manifested as an increase in at-temperature yield strength and loss of hardening rate. In contrast, the T76 temper exhibited a drop in strength since this temper is already over-aged prior to warm forming. Both the PA and T76 tempers showed comparable at-temperature strain-rate sensitivity.
Prediction of risk-associated genes and high-risk liver cancer patients from their mutation profile: benchmarking of mutation calling techniques
Authors: Patiyal Sumeet , Dhall Anjali , Raghava Gajendra P S 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Identification of somatic mutations with high precision is one of the major challenges in the prediction of high-risk liver cancer patients. In the past, number of mutations calling techniques has been developed that include MuTect2, MuSE, Varscan2, and SomaticSniper. In this study, an attempt has been made to benchmark the potential of these techniques in predicting the prognostic biomarkers for liver cancer. Initially, we extracted somatic mutations in liver cancer patients using Variant Call Format (VCF) and Mutation Annotation Format (MAF) files from the cancer genome atlas. In terms of size, the MAF files are 42 times smaller than VCF files and containing only high-quality somatic mutations. Furthermore, machine learning-based models have been developed for predicting high-risk cancer patients using mutations obtained from different techniques. The performance of different techniques and data files has been compared based on their potential to discriminate high- and low-risk liver cancer patients. Based on correlation analysis, we selected 80 genes having significant negative correlation with the overall survival of liver cancer patients. The univariate survival analysis revealed the prognostic role of highly mutated genes. Single gene-based analysis showed that MuTect2 technique-based MAF file has achieved maximum hazard ratio (HRLAMC3) of 9.25 with P-value of 1.78E-06. Further, we developed various prediction models using risk-associated top-10 genes for each technique. Our results indicate that MuTect2 technique-based VCF files outperform all other methods with maximum Area Under the Receiver-Operating Characteristic curve of 0.765 and HR = 4.50 (P-value = 3.83E-15). Eventually, VCF file generated using MuTect2 technique performs better among other mutation calling techniques for the prediction of high-risk liver cancer patients. We hope that our findings will provide a useful and comprehensive comparison of various mutation-calling techniques for the prognostic analysis of cancer patients. In order to serve the scientific community, we have provided a Python-based pipeline to develop the prediction models using mutation profiles (VCF/MAF) of cancer patients. It is available on GitHub at https://github.com/raghavagps/mutation_bench.
MLBioIGE: integration and interplay of machine learning and bioinformatics approach to identify the genetic effect of SARS-COV-2 on idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis patients
Authors: Tanzir Mehedi Sk , Ahmed Kawsar , Bui Francis M , Rahaman Musfikur , Hossain Imran , Tonmoy Tareq Mahmud , Limon Rakibul Alam , Ibrahim Sobhy M , Moni Mohammad Ali 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, is a current concern for people worldwide. The virus has recently spread worldwide and is out of control in several countries, putting the outbreak into a terrifying phase. Machine learning with transcriptome analysis has advanced in recent years. Its outstanding performance in several fields has emerged as a potential option to find out how SARS-CoV-2 is related to other diseases. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) disease is caused by long-term lung injury, a risk factor for SARS-CoV-2. In this article, we used a variety of combinatorial statistical approaches, machine learning, and bioinformatics tools to investigate how the SARS-CoV-2 affects IPF patients’ complexity. For this study, we employed two RNA-seq datasets. The unique contributions include common genes identification to identify shared pathways and drug targets, PPI network to identify hub-genes and basic modules, and the interaction of transcription factors (TFs) genes and TFs–miRNAs with common differentially expressed genes also placed on the datasets. Furthermore, we used gene ontology and molecular pathway analysis to do functional analysis and discovered that IPF patients have certain standard connections with the SARS-CoV-2 virus. A detailed investigation was carried out to recommend therapeutic compounds for IPF patients affected by the SARS-CoV-2 virus.
Chlorhexidine and Mupirocin for Clearance of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Colonization After Hospital Discharge: A Secondary Analysis of the Changing Lives by Eradicating Antibiotic Resistance Trial
Authors: Miller Loren G , Singh Raveena , Eells Samantha J , Gillen Daniel , McKinnell James A , Park Steven , Tjoa Tom , Chang Justin , Rashid Syma , Macias-Gil Raul , Heim Lauren , Gombosev Adrijana , Kim Diane , Cui Eric , Lequieu Jennifer , Cao Chenghua , Hong Suzie S , Peterson Ellena M , Evans Kaye D , Launer Bryn , Tam Steven , Bolaris Michael , Huang Susan S 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Background
The CLEAR Trial demonstrated that a multisite body decolonization regimen reduced post-discharge infection and hospitalization in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) carriers. Here, we describe decolonization efficacy.

Methods
We performed a large, multicenter, randomized clinical trial of MRSA decolonization among adult patients after hospital discharge with MRSA infection or colonization. Participants were randomized 1:1 to either MRSA prevention education or education plus decolonization with topical chlorhexidine, oral chlorhexidine, and nasal mupirocin. Participants were swabbed in the nares, throat, axilla/groin, and wound (if applicable) at baseline and 1, 3, 6, and 9 months after randomization. The primary outcomes of this study are follow-up colonization differences between groups.

Results
Among 2121 participants, 1058 were randomized to decolonization. By 1 month, MRSA colonization was lower in the decolonization group compared with the education-only group (odds ration [OR] = 0.44; 95% confidence interval [CI], .36–.54; P ≤ .001). A similar magnitude of reduction was seen in the nares (OR = 0.34; 95% CI, .27–.42; P &lt; .001), throat (OR = 0.55; 95% CI, .42–.73; P &lt; .001), and axilla/groin (OR = 0.57; 95% CI, .43–.75; P &lt; .001). These differences persisted through month 9 except at the wound site, which had a relatively small sample size. Higher regimen adherence was associated with lower MRSA colonization (P ≤ .01).

Conclusions
In a randomized, clinical trial, a repeated post-discharge decolonization regimen for MRSA carriers reduced MRSA colonization overall and at multiple body sites. Higher treatment adherence was associated with greater reductions in MRSA colonization.
Malaria in Refugee Children Resettled to a Holoendemic Area of Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Hauser Manuela , Kabuya Jean-Bertin B , Mantus Molly , Kamavu Luc K , Sichivula James L , Matende Wycliffe M , Fritschi Nora , Shields Timothy , Curriero Frank , Kvit Anton , Chongwe Gershom , Moss William J , Ritz Nicole , Ippolito Matthew M 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundMalaria is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in refugee children in high-transmission parts of Africa. Characterizing the clinical features of malaria in refugees can inform approaches to reduce its burden.MethodsThe study was conducted in a high-transmission region of northern Zambia hosting Congolese refugees. We analyzed surveillance data and hospital records of children with severe malaria from refugee and local sites using multivariable regression models and geospatial visualization.ResultsMalaria prevalence in the refugee settlement was similar to the highest burden areas in the district, consistent with the local ecology and leading to frequent rapid diagnostic test stockouts. We identified 2197 children hospitalized for severe malaria during the refugee crisis in 2017 and 2018. Refugee children referred from a refugee transit center (n = 63) experienced similar in-hospital mortality to local children and presented with less advanced infection. However, refugee children from a permanent refugee settlement (n = 110) had more than double the mortality of local children (P &lt; .001), had lower referral rates, and presented more frequently with advanced infection and malnutrition. Distance from the hospital was an important mediator of the association between refugee status and mortality but did not account for all of the increased risk.ConclusionsMalaria outcomes were more favorable in refugee children referred from a highly outfitted refugee transit center than those referred later from a permanent refugee settlement. Refugee children experienced higher in-hospital malaria mortality due in part to delayed presentation and higher rates of malnutrition. Interventions tailored to the refugee context are required to ensure capacity for rapid diagnosis and referral to reduce malaria mortality.
Repair with a pulmonary neovalve in tetralogy of Fallot: does this avoid ventricular dysfunction?
Authors: Guerrero Albert Franz , Pineda-Rodríguez Ivonne Gisel , Palacio Andres Mauricio , Obando Carlos Eduardo , Chalela Tomas , Camacho Jaime , Villa Carlos , Umaña Juan Pablo , Sandoval-Reyes Nestor Fernando 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Given the anatomical variations of tetralogy of Fallot (TOF), different surgical techniques can be used to achieve correction. Transannular patches (TAPs) are the most commonly used technique; they are associated with right ventricular dysfunction, the incidence of which can be reduced through pulmonary valve preservation.

METHODS
Between January 2010 and July 2019, we performed 274 surgical corrections of tetralogy of Fallot at Fundación Cardioinfantil; 63 patients (23%) underwent repair with a TAP in addition to a pulmonary neovalve (Group I), 66 patients (24.1%) received a TAP without a pulmonary valve (Group II) and 145 patients (52.9%) had a repair with valve preservation (Group III). We analysed patient’s characteristics before, during and after surgery at a 30-day follow-up.

RESULTS
We found that patients in Group III were older (P = 0.04). Group II had the lowest level of O2 saturation before surgery (82%, P = 0.001). Cardiopulmonary bypass and aortic cross-clamp times were longer in Group I (P &lt; 0.001). Right ventricular dysfunction was less frequent in Group III (15.9%, P = 0.011). Severe residual pulmonary regurgitation was more common in Group II (21.9%, P = 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS
Preservation of the pulmonary valve is an important factor for immediate postoperative management of tetralogy of Fallot. Patients who were repaired with a TAP with or without a pulmonary neovalve had a higher incidence of right ventricular dysfunction than those with pulmonary valve preservation.
The impact of urbanization on outcrossing rate and population genetic variation in the native wildflower, Impatiens capensis
Authors: Rivkin L Ruth , Johnson Marc T J 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Cities are one of the fastest growing ecosystems on the planet, and conserving urban biodiversity is of primary importance. Urbanization increases habitat fragmentation and may be particularly problematic for native plant species which often exist in small, remnant populations in cities. We studied the effects of urbanization on Impatiens capensis, a self-compatible native wildflower, which is an important nectar and pollen source for native bees and hummingbirds. We sampled I. capensis from six populations located in urban and rural habitats in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. We sequenced the DNA of 43 families (N = 86 individuals) using genotype-by-sequencing to obtain 5627 single nucleotide polymorphisms. From each parent and offspring, we estimated individual outcrossing rates, population-level genetic diversity and genetic structure among populations. We found that 95% of plants were outcrossed, and populations were genetically differentiated, where urban populations contained a subset of the genetic variation found in rural populations. Urban populations exhibited lower genetic diversity than rural populations, and we detected a relationship between population census size and habitat on genetic diversity. Despite high outcrossing rates, our results suggest that urbanization reduces the genetic diversity of I. capensis populations, potentially increasing the vulnerability of these populations to long-term population declines and extirpation in response to urbanization.
Acute Fatigue Responses to Occupational Training in Military Personnel: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Heilbronn Brian , Doma Kenji , Sinclair Wade , Connor Jonathan , Irvine-Brown Lachlan , Leicht Anthony 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Military personnel are required to undertake rigorous physical training to meet the unique demands of combat, often leading to high levels of physiological stress. Inappropriate recovery periods with these high levels of physical stress may result in sub-optimal training and increased risk of injury in military personnel. However, no reviews have attempted to examine the magnitude of training-induced stress following military training activities. The aim of this systematic review was to assess the magnitude of physiological stress (physical, hormonal, and immunological) following task-specific training activities in military personnel.

Methods
An extensive literature search was conducted within CINAHL, PubMed, Scopus, SportDiscus, and Web of Science databases with 7,220 records extracted and a total of 14 studies eligible for inclusion and evaluation. Study appraisal was conducted using the Kmet scale. Meta-analysis was conducted via forest plots, with standard mean difference (SMD, effect size) and inter-trial heterogeneity (I2) calculated between before (preactivity) and after (12–96 hours postactivity) military-specific activities for biomarkers of physiological stress (muscle damage, inflammation, and hormonal) and physical performance (muscular strength and power).

Results
Military training activities resulted in significant levels of muscle damage (SMD = −1.28; P = .003) and significant impairments in strength and power (SMD = 0.91; P = .008) and testosterone levels (SMD = 1.48; P = .05) up to 96 hours postactivity. There were no significant differences in inflammation (SMD = −0.70; P = .11), cortisol (SMD = −0.18; P = .81), or insulin-like growth factor 1 (SMD = 0.65; P = .07) when compared to preactivity measures.

Conclusions
These findings indicate that assessments of muscle damage, anabolic hormones like testosterone, strength, and power are effective for determining the level of acute stress following military-specific activities. With regular monitoring of these measures, appropriate recovery periods may be implemented to optimize training adaptations and occupational performance, with minimal adverse training responses in military personnel.
Priors on red galaxy stochasticity from hybrid effective field theory
Authors: Kokron Nickolas , DeRose Joseph , Chen Shi-Fan , White Martin , Wechsler Risa H 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
We investigate the stochastic properties of typical red galaxy samples in a controlled numerical environment. We use halo occupation distribution (HOD) modelling to create mock realizations of three separate bright red galaxy samples consistent with data sets used for clustering and lensing analyses in modern galaxy surveys. Second-order Hybrid Effective Field Theory (HEFT) is used as a field-level forward model to describe the full statistical distribution of these tracer samples, and their stochastic power spectra are directly measured and compared to the Poisson shot-noise prediction. While all of the galaxy samples we consider are hosted within haloes with sub-Poisson stochasticity, we observe that the galaxy samples themselves possess stochasticities that range from sub-Poisson to super-Poisson, in agreement with predictions from the halo model. As an application of our methodology, we place priors on the expected degree of non-Poisson stochasticity in cosmological analyses using such samples. We expect these priors will be useful in reducing the complexity of the full parameter space for future analyses using second-order Lagrangian bias models. More generally, the techniques outlined here present the first application of HEFT methods to characterize models of the galaxy–halo connection at the field level, revealing new connections between once-disparate modelling frameworks.
GLADE+ : an extended galaxy catalogue for multimessenger searches with advanced gravitational-wave detectors
Authors: Dálya G , Díaz R , Bouchet F R , Frei Z , Jasche J , Lavaux G , Macas R , Mukherjee S , Pálfi M , de Souza R S , Wandelt B D , Bilicki M , Raffai P 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
We present GLADE+, an extended version of the GLADE galaxy catalogue introduced in our previous paper for multimessenger searches with advanced gravitational-wave detectors. GLADE+ combines data from six separate but not independent astronomical catalogues: the GWGC, 2MPZ, 2MASS XSC, HyperLEDA, and WISExSCOSPZ galaxy catalogues, and the SDSS-DR16Q quasar catalogue. To allow corrections of CMB-frame redshifts for peculiar motions, we calculated peculiar velocities along with their standard deviations of all galaxies having B-band magnitude data within redshift z = 0.05 using the ‘Bayesian Origin Reconstruction from Galaxies’ formalism. GLADE+ is complete up to luminosity distance $d_L=47^{+4}_{-2}$ Mpc in terms of the total expected B-band luminosity of galaxies, and contains all of the brightest galaxies giving 90 per cent of the total B-band and K-band luminosity up to dL ≃ 130 Mpc. We include estimations of stellar masses and individual binary neutron star merger rates for galaxies with W1 magnitudes. These parameters can help in ranking galaxies in a given gravitational wave localization volume in terms of their likelihood of being hosts, thereby possibly reducing the number of pointings and total integration time needed to find the electromagnetic counterpart.
Numerical investigation of non-Gaussianities in the phase and modulus of density Fourier modes
Authors: Qin Jian , Pan Jun , Yu Yu , Zhang Pengjie 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
We numerically investigate the non-Gaussianities in the late-time cosmological density field in Fourier space. We explore various statistics, including the two- and three-point probability distribution function (PDF) of phase and modulus, and their two- and three-point correlation function. Significant non-Gaussianity is observed for certain configurations. Comparing the measurement from simulation with the theoretical expansion prediction, we find that for (600 Mpc h-1)3 volume, the $\mathcal {O}(V^{-1/2})$ order term alone is sufficiently accurate to describe all the measured non-Gaussianities in not only the PDFs, but also the correlations. We also numerically find that the phase-modulus cross-correlation contributes $\sim 50{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ to the bispectrum, further verifying the accuracy of the $\mathcal {O}(V^{-1/2})$ order prediction. This work demonstrates that the non-Gaussianity of cosmic density field is simpler in Fourier space, and may facilitate the data analysis in the era of precision cosmology.
The sphere of influence of the bright central galaxies in the diffuse light of SDSS clusters
Authors: Chen Xiaokai , Zu Ying , Shao Zhiwei , Shan Huanyuan 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
The bright central galaxies (BCGs) dominate the inner portion of the diffuse cluster light, but it is still unclear where the intracluster light (ICL) takes over. To investigate the BCG–ICL transition, we stack the images of ∼3000 clusters between 0.2 &lt; $\mathit{ z}$ &lt; 0.3 in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) gri bands, and measure their BCG + ICL stellar surface mass profile $\Sigma _{*}^{\texttt {B+I}}$ down to $3{\times }10^4\,\mathrm{ M}_{\odot }\,\mathrm{kpc}^{-2}$ at $R{\simeq }1\, \mathrm{Mpc}$ (∼32 mag arcsec−2 in the r-band). We develop a physically motivated method to decompose $\Sigma _{*}^{\texttt {B+I}}$ into three components, including an inner de Vaucouleurs’ profile, an outer ICL that follows the dark matter distribution measured from weak lensing, and an intriguing transitional component between 70 and 200 kpc. To investigate the origin of this transition, we split the clusters into two subsamples by their BCG stellar mass $M_*^{\mathrm{BCG}}$ (mass enclosed roughly within 50 kpc) while making sure they have the same distribution of satellite richness. The $\Sigma _{*}^{\texttt {B+I}}$ profiles of the two subsamples differ by more than a factor of 2 at R &lt; 50 kpc, consistent with their 0.34 dex difference in $M_*^{\mathrm{BCG}}$, whereas on scales beyond 400 kpc, the two profiles converge to the same amplitudes, suggesting a satellite-stripping origin of the outer ICL. Remarkably, however, the discrepancy between the two $\Sigma _{*}^{\texttt {B+I}}$ profiles persists at above $50{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ level on all scales below 200 kpc, thereby revealing the BCG sphere of influence with radius RSOI ≃ 200 kpc. Finally, we speculate that the surprisingly large sphere of influence of the BCG is tied to the elevated escape velocity profile within rs, the characteristic radius of the dark matter haloes.