bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modelling vibro–acoustic response of lightweight square aluminium panel influenced by sound source locations for active control
Authors: Isaac Chukwuemeke William , Wrona Stanislaw , Pawelczyk Marek , Karimi Hamid Reza 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis paper uses numerical approach to give insight into the structural–acoustic response of a lightweight square aluminium panel. It takes into consideration different locations of a primary sound source in an acoustic medium and how these locations influence the response of the structural panel. Finite element method as well as the first-order deformation theory are employed for constructing the numerical model. Experimental measurements of the mode shapes and velocity frequency response of the vibrating panel are used to validate the results of the finite element model. Furthermore, vibro-acoustic emission indexes such as sound transmission loss, sound pressure level and far-field directivity of sound pressure are obtained numerically. The results show that different locations of the primary sound source significantly influence the response of the structural panel to reduce noise. Sound source typically positioned close to the structural panel lowers the efficiency of the vibrating panel to reduce noise. Moreover, the sound distribution profiles at the radiated end of the vibrating panel for the different locations of the sound source are investigated. The study shows that the variation of the zones of quiet, vibro-acoustic emission parameters and sound distribution profiles obtained can provide vital information about the best positioning of structural source for both active vibration and noise control.
Analysis of commonly expressed genes between first trimester fetal heart and placenta cell types in the context of congenital heart disease
Authors: Wilson Rebecca L. , Yuan Victor , Courtney Jennifer A. , Tipler Alyssa , Cnota James F. , Jones Helen N. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCongenital heart disease (CHD) is often associated with fetal growth abnormalities. During the first trimester of pregnancy, the heart and placenta develop concurrently, and share key developmental pathways. It is hypothesized that defective morphogenesis of either organ is synergistically linked. However, many studies determined to understand the mechanisms behind CHD overlook the contribution of the placenta. In this study, we aimed to identify commonly expressed genes between first trimester heart and placenta cells using two publicly available single cell sequencing databases. Using a systematic computational approach, we identified 328 commonly expressed genes between heart and placenta endothelial cells and enrichment in pathways including Vasculature Development (GO:0001944, FDR 2.90E−30), and Angiogenesis (GO:0001525, FDR 1.18E−27). We also found, in comparison with fetal heart endothelial cells, 197 commonly expressed genes with placenta extravillous trophoblasts, 128 with cytotrophoblasts and 80 with syncytiotrophoblasts, and included genes such as FLT1, GATA2, ENG and CDH5. Finally, comparison of first trimester cardiomyocytes and placenta cytotrophoblasts revealed 53 commonly expressed genes and enrichment in biological processes integral to cellular function including Cellular Respiration (GO:0045333; FDR 5.05E−08), Ion Transport (GO:0006811; FDR 2.08E−02), and Oxidation–Reduction Process (GO:0055114; FDR 1.58E−07). Overall, our results identify specific genes and cellular pathways common between first trimester fetal heart and placenta cells which if disrupted may concurrently contribute to the developmental perturbations resulting in CHD.
Resistance of Dickeya solani strain IPO 2222 to lytic bacteriophage ΦD5 results in fitness tradeoffs for the bacterium during infection
Authors: Bartnik Przemyslaw , Lewtak Kinga , Fiołka Marta , Czaplewska Paulina , Narajczyk Magdalena , Czajkowski Robert 
Published: June 2022

AbstractResistance to bacteriophage infections protects bacteria in phage-replete environments, enabling them to survive and multiply in the presence of their viral predators. However, such resistance may confer costs for strains, reducing their ecological fitness as expressed as competitiveness for resources or virulence or both. There is limited knowledge about such costs paid by phage-resistant plant pathogenic bacteria in their natural habitats. This study analyzed the costs of phage resistance paid by the phytopathogenic pectinolytic bacterium Dickeya solani both in vitro and in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) plants. Thirteen Tn5 mutants of D. solani IPO 2222 were identified that exhibited resistance to infection by lytic bacteriophage vB_Dsol_D5 (ΦD5). The genes disrupted in these mutants encoded proteins involved in the synthesis of bacterial envelope components (viz. LPS, EPS and capsule). Although phage resistance did not affect most of the phenotypes of ΦD5-resistant D. solani such as growth rate, production of effectors, swimming and swarming motility, use of various carbon and nitrogen sources and biofilm formation evaluated in vitro, all phage resistant mutants were significantly compromised in their ability to survive on leaf surfaces as well as to grow within and cause disease symptoms in potato plants.
A virtual simulation experiment platform of subway emergency ventilation system and study on its teaching effect
Authors: Dong Sihui , Yu Fei , Wang Kang 
Published: June 2022

AbstractFor safety engineering majors, it is very important to cultivate the practical ability of professional talents. Due to the difficulty of conducting experiments in dangerous environments, a virtual simulation experiment teaching platform was established. The platform allowed students to understand the structure of the subway ventilation room, and master the control requirements of the ventilation system in the event of sudden fire, blockage, and failure in the subway. Its construction used technologies such as 3D modeling, human–computer interaction, and VR. To test the teaching effect of the simulation experiment platform, two indexes of operating skills and cognitive load were selected to study and analyze the experimental results of students. The research adopts the method of stratified sampling, 46 boys and 10 girls were selected from the first-year students majoring in safety engineering, and they were randomly divided into experimental group and control group, with 23 boys and 5 girls in each group. The experimental group used the simulation platform for teaching, while the control group used the traditional teaching method. The score of the assessment module in the platform was taken as the index of students’ operating skills, and the cognitive load test was carried out by questionnaire to test the teaching effect. The test module scores showed that the average score of the experimental group was 32.79 points higher than that of the control group, and the results of the cognitive load test questionnaire showed that the experimental group scored 35.14% lower than the control group. The research shows that the virtual simulation experiment has a stronger teaching effect than the field experiment.
Inferring the spread of COVID-19: the role of time-varying reporting rate in epidemiological modelling
Authors: Spannaus Adam , Papamarkou Theodore , Erwin Samantha , Christian J. Blair 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe role of epidemiological models is crucial for informing public health officials during a public health emergency, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. However, traditional epidemiological models fail to capture the time-varying effects of mitigation strategies and do not account for under-reporting of active cases, thus introducing bias in the estimation of model parameters. To infer more accurate parameter estimates and to reduce the uncertainty of these estimates, we extend the SIR and SEIR epidemiological models with two time-varying parameters that capture the transmission rate and the rate at which active cases are reported to health officials. Using two real data sets of COVID-19 cases, we perform Bayesian inference via our SIR and SEIR models with time-varying transmission and reporting rates and via their standard counterparts with constant rates; our approach provides parameter estimates with more realistic interpretation, and 1-week ahead predictions with reduced uncertainty. Furthermore, we find consistent under-reporting in the number of active cases in the data that we consider, suggesting that the initial phase of the pandemic was more widespread than previously reported.
Nanopore sequencing of a monkeypox virus strain isolated from a pustular lesion in the Central African Republic
Authors: Vandenbogaert Mathias , Kwasiborski Aurélia , Gonofio Ella , Descorps‐Declère Stéphane , Selekon Benjamin , Nkili Meyong Andriniaina Andy , Ouilibona Rita Sem , Gessain Antoine , Manuguerra Jean-Claude , Caro Valérie , Nakoune Emmanuel , Berthet Nicolas 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMonkeypox is an emerging and neglected zoonotic disease whose number of reported cases has been gradually increasing in Central Africa since 1980. This disease is caused by the monkeypox virus (MPXV), which belongs to the genusOrthopoxvirusin the familyPoxviridae. Obtaining molecular data is particularly useful for establishing the relationships between the viral strains involved in outbreaks in countries affected by this disease. In this study, we evaluated the use of the MinION real-time sequencer as well as different polishing tools on MinION-sequenced genome for sequencing the MPXV genome originating from a pustular lesion in the context of an epidemic in a remote area of the Central African Republic. The reads corresponding to the MPXV genome were identified using two taxonomic classifiers, Kraken2 and Kaiju. Assembly of these reads led to a complete sequence of 196,956 bases, which is 6322 bases longer than the sequence previously obtained with Illumina sequencing from the same sample. The comparison of the two sequences showed mainly indels at the homopolymeric regions. However, the combined use of Canu with specific polishing tools such as Medaka and Homopolish was the best combination that reduced their numbers without adding mismatches. Although MinION sequencing is known to introduce a number of characteristic errors compared to Illumina sequencing, the new polishing tools allow a better-quality MinION-sequenced genome, thus to be used to help determine strain origin through phylogenetic analysis.
Metoidioplasty in Gender Affirmation: A Review
Authors: Stojanovic Borko , Bencic Marko , Bizic Marta , Djordjevic Miroslav L. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMetoidioplasty is a variant of the gender affirmation technique neophalloplasty, where a hormonally enlarged clitoris is reconstructed to become a small penis. The goals of metoidioplasty are male appearance of the genitalia, voiding in standing position, and completely preserved erogenous sensation of the neophallus. However, it does not enable penetrative sexual intercourse due to the small dimensions of the neophallus. Basic principles of metoidioplasty were established 50 years ago, and many refinements of the technique have been reported since. The latest improvements are based on the advances in urethroplasty, perioperative care, and new insights into female genital anatomy. The current metoidioplasty technique is a one-stage procedure that includes vaginectomy, straightening and lengthening of the clitoris, urethral reconstruction by combined flaps and grafts, and scrotoplasty with insertion of testicular implants. Good aesthetic, functional, and psychosexual outcomes are achieved with this type of neophalloplasty.
Patrones de lesión en resonancia magnética de un primer episodio de luxación patelar en niños y adolescentes
Authors: Tuca María , Pineda Tomás , Nuñez Mauricio , Zilleruelo Nicolás , Olmedo Cristián , Figueroa David 
Published: June 2022

Resumen
Objetivo Caracterizar las lesiones de ligamento patelofemoral medial (LPFM) y las lesiones osteocondrales luego de un primer episodio de luxación patelar (LP) en pacientes jóvenes.
Métodos Se evaluaron un total de 91 resonancias magnéticas de pacientes menores de 18 años (edad promedio: 14,5 años), con un primer episodio de LP, en un único centro, entre 2008 y 2012. Se analizaron la ubicación y la extensión de la lesión del LPFM, y la ubicación y el tamaño de las lesiones osteocondrales.
Resultados Se encontraron lesiones del LPFM en el 49,5% (45) de los casos, y se observaron roturas totales y parciales del LPFM en el 10,9% (10) y el 39,5% (36), respectivamente. De las roturas totales, el 70% (7) fueron en la inserción rotuliana, el 20% (2), en la inserción femoral, y el 10%, multifocales. De las lesiones parciales, el 72% fueron rotulianas, el 19,4%(7), femorales, y el 8,3% (3), multifocales. Las lesiones osteocondrales se encontraron presentes en el 38% (35) de los casos; el 62,8% (22) se localizaron en la rótula y el 34,2% (12) en el cóndilo femoral lateral, mientras que solo el 3% (1) fueron multifocales.
Conclusión La lesión del LPFM se encontró en la mitad de los casos de nuestra muestra, y, de los casos de lesiones parciales, la inserción rotuliana es el patrón más común en pacientes esqueléticamente inmaduros que presentan una LP por primera vez. Más de un tercio de los niños con LP por primera vez tendrá una lesión osteocondral concomitante, principalmente en la rótula.
Nivel de Evidencia Nivel III.
Digital soil mapping in Australia. Can it achieve its goals?
Authors: Biggs Andrew J. W. , Crawford Mark , Burgess Jon , Smith Dan , Andrews Kaitlyn , Sugars Mark 
Published: June 2022

Digital soil mapping (DSM) has been used from the national to paddock scale in Australia over the past 20 years. However, there has been insufficient objective evaluation of the limitations of DSM. The continual evolution of DSM methods over time have led to a lack of operational stability that creates an ongoing risk associated with the method. The inherent modelling paradigm of DSM (a reliance on systematic variation) is a key factor that creates potentially significant constraints to the use of DSM in Australia, particularly in the context of different scales of application. Inherent covariate limitations create a further potential ceiling to what can be achieved with DSM at any point in time. As part of a more critical and objective approach to the use of the method in Australia, there is a need for more effective exploration and discussion of these and other constraints in the DSM approach. This will hopefully ensure that it is used in a fit-for-purpose and effective manner in the future.
A ferroptosis defense mechanism mediated by glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 2 in mitochondria
Authors: Wu Shiqi , Mao Chao , Kondiparthi Lavanya , Poyurovsky Masha V. , Olszewski Kellen , Gan Boyi 
Published: June 2022

Mechanisms of defense against ferroptosis (an iron-dependent form of cell death induced by lipid peroxidation) in cellular organelles remain poorly understood, hindering our ability to target ferroptosis in disease treatment. In this study, metabolomic analyses revealed that treatment of cancer cells with glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) inhibitors results in intracellular glycerol-3-phosphate (G3P) depletion. We further showed that supplementation of cancer cells with G3P attenuates ferroptosis induced by GPX4 inhibitors in a G3P dehydrogenase 2 (GPD2)-dependent manner;
GPD2
deletion sensitizes cancer cells to GPX4 inhibition-induced mitochondrial lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis, and combined deletion of
GPX4
and
GPD2
synergistically suppresses tumor growth by inducing ferroptosis in vivo. Mechanistically, inner mitochondrial membrane-localized GPD2 couples G3P oxidation with ubiquinone reduction to ubiquinol, which acts as a radical-trapping antioxidant to suppress ferroptosis in mitochondria. Taken together, these results reveal that GPD2 participates in ferroptosis defense in mitochondria by generating ubiquinol.
Indirect interpreting: Stumbling block or stepping stone?
Authors: Aguirre Fernández Bravo Elena 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIndirect interpreting, known by practitioners as ‘relay’, takes place in contexts where interpreting between two languages is carried out by means of a third, pivot language, thus creating a communicative chain between two interpreters: the one rendering an original speech into a pivot language, and the other rendering the first’s version into a different target language. Relay is used in many multilingual settings to ensure that all interlocutors can use their mother tongue, and the European Union institutions are a prominent example of such settings. Indirect interpreting is thus a reality that many professionals deal with on a daily basis. Despite this, it has not been the subject of much research as yet. This article explores the connections between indirect interpreting and the construct of quality in the ears of the interpreters who regularly give and take relay. The research first involved a focus group comprising six European Union-accredited conference interpreters with Spanish as their mother tongue. A focus group discussion aimed to identify salient issues in the giving and taking of relay across different contexts and meeting formats. The itemised concepts emerging from the discussion were then used to devise a questionnaire to gain further insight into interpreters’ concerns and ideas regarding quality indicators in indirect interpreting. Thirty professionals responded to the questionnaire. The results are analysed with a focus on the lessons that may be insightful for Translation and Interpreting Studies.
A high efficiency deep learning method for the x-ray image defect detection of casting parts
Authors: Xue Lin , Hei Junming , Wang Yunsen , Li Qi , Lu Yao , Liu Weiwei 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In the manufacturing industry, digital radiography (DR) images are often used to detect internal defects in casting parts. With the development of computer technology, increasingly more researchers use computer algorithms instead of manual inspection. However, traditional computer vision methods are generally not efficient and robust. In this study, we propose a DR image defect detection methodology based on deep learning technology. In order to train and evaluate the deep learning model, we create a casting defect DR image dataset, which includes 18 311 DR images labelled for two types of objects—defects and inclusions. In the methodology, an object detection method baseline named YOLOv3_EfficientNet, which replaces the backbone of YOLOv3_darknet53 with EfficientNet, is used. This operation leads to a significant improvement in the mean average precision value on YOLOv3 and greatly reduces the inference time and storage space. Then, a data enhancement method based on DR image features is used, which can increase the diversity of the clarity and the shapes of defects randomly. To further facilitate the deployment of models on embedded devices with an acceptable accuracy loss range, a depth separable convolution operation is adopted. Regarding the bounding box regression, we perform some relevant research in the training and inference stages of the model, and the accuracy of the model was improved in both stages of them according to the experiments. The experiments proved that every type we adopted could benefit the model’s performance.
Real-time characterization of regimes between continuous-wave operation and mode locking in an all-normal dispersion ytterbium-doped fiber ring laser
Authors: Gonzalez-Vidal L M , Pottiez O , Hernandez-Garcia J C , Ibarra-Villalon H E , Lauterio-Cruz J P , Bello-Jimenez M 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In the present work, the temporal dynamics of an all-normal-dispersion ytterbium-doped fiber ring laser operating in regimes intermediate between continuous-wave operation and mode locking are studied experimentally. Exploiting the segmented memory data acquisition possibilities of an ultrafast digital oscilloscope and through the use of a specifically developed algorithm, the real-time waveform evolution anchored in absolute time could be retrieved, without relying on a fixed reference carried by the signal itself, which does not exist in these regimes. By controlling the time spacing between the successively acquired frames, several dynamics taking place over different time scales could be evidenced and described. These measurements highlight in particular the evolution cycles of intense localized structures including spikes that emerge, grow, decay, interact and describe peculiar trajectories in phase-space diagrams, whereas their temporal positions evolve, driven in particular by gain dynamics. In spite of their dramatic variability, these structures are found to be enduring features of these regimes. Analysis of these data helps assessing the degree of partial mode locking associated with these dynamics. The time-domain mapping technique optimized using segmented memory data acquisition is shown to be useful to characterize precisely highly dynamical evolutions such as those revealed in this work, which are dominated by structures that present large and complex variations in amplitude, shape and position, and develop over different time scales.
Ionospheric disturbance statistics according to the Swarm satellite mission in 2014
Authors: Voloboev L A , Zakharov V I 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In the present work, based on the database of magnetic field indices Kp, AE, and Dst, we consider the relationship between geomagnetic activity and ionospheric scintillation indices S4 and RODI based on in-situ satellite measurements. 37 events with quiet and disturbed geomagnetic conditions during 2014 were selected and analyzed. The correlation coefficients of the scintillation indices with high-latitude AE and low-latitude Dst are obtained. Thus, in periods of disturbed geomagnetic conditions, the RODI10s and S4 indices are, in principle, equally related to the high-latitude AE index (with a small, up to 4% in the number of realizations, the advantage of the RODI index) In periods with quiet geomagnetic conditions, the situation changes - in 17% of cases the S4 index is better reflects a relationship with mid-latitude Dst than the RODI10s index. The indicated relationship means the presence of a linear correlation of more than 0.3 between the processes.
Research of synoptic processes in the south-east of the Russian plain during different climatic periods
Authors: Morozova S V , Denisov K E , Polyanskaya E A , Pryakhina S I , Ormeli E I , Kononova N K 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This article examines the annual and seasonal (winter and summer) changes in the frequency of occurrence of the main types of synoptic processes in the Lower Volga region in two natural climatic periods of the state of the earth climatic system - the stabilization period and the second wave of global warming. The frequency of occurrence of some types of synoptic processes revealed both climatic and seasonal differences. In the second wave of global warming, in comparison with the stabilization period, the frequency of cyclone impact on the Lower Volga region developed on the Arctic front and the number of Arctic anticyclones increase, and the frequency of polar-front cyclones and cases of the impact of the western periphery of the winter Asian anticyclone decreases. Seasonal differences in the frequency of occurrence were revealed in the Arctic anticyclones. During the second wave of global warming, these anticyclones penetrate into the Lower Volga region in summer more often than in winter. It is concluded that the contribution of the transformation factor to the observed warming increases and the role of summer seasons in the observed climatic changes increases, which is not typical for processes in the earth climatic system. It is indicated that obtained result is of great climatological significance and will serve the further development of the physical theory of climate.