bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outcomes After Major Surgical Procedures in Octogenarians: A Nationwide Cohort Study
Authors: Elfrink Arthur K. E. , Alberga Anna J. , van Berge Henegouwen Mark I. , Scheurs Wilhelmina H. , van der Geest Lydia G. M. , Verhagen Hence J. M. , Dekker Jan‐Willem T. , Grünhagen Dirk J. , Wouters Michel W. J. M. , Klaase Joost M. ,   DICA Study Group, Voeten Daan M. , Suurmeijer J. Annelie , Warps Anne‐Loes , van der Woude Lisa , Detering Robin , Wolfhagen Nienke 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIntroductionAging of the worldwide population has been observed, and postoperative outcomes could be worse in elderly patients. This nationwide study assessed trends in number of surgical resections in octogenarians regarding various major surgical procedures and associated postoperative outcomes.MethodsAll patients who underwent surgery between 2014 and 2018 were included from Dutch nationwide quality registries regarding esophageal, stomach, pancreas, colorectal liver metastases, colorectal cancer, lung cancer and abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA). For each quality registry, the number of patients who were 80 years or older (octogenarians) was calculated per year. Postoperative outcomes were length of stay (LOS), 30 day major morbidity and 30 day mortality between octogenarians and younger patients.ResultsNo increase in absolute number and proportion of octogenarians that underwent surgery was observed. Median LOS was higher in octogenarians who underwent surgery for colorectal cancer, colorectal liver metastases, lung cancer, pancreatic disease and esophageal cancer. 30 day major morbidity was higher in octogenarians who underwent surgery for colon cancer, esophageal cancer and elective AAA‐repair. 30 day mortality was higher in octogenarians who underwent surgery for colorectal cancer, lung cancer, stomach cancer, pancreatic disease, esophageal cancer and elective AAA‐repair. Median LOS decreased between 2014 and 2018 in octogenarians who underwent surgery for stomach cancer and colorectal cancer. 30 day major morbidity decreased between 2014 and 2018 in octogenarians who underwent surgery for colon cancer. No trends were observed in octogenarians regarding 30 day mortality between 2014 and 2018.ConclusionNo increase over time in absolute number and proportion of octogenarians that underwent major surgery was observed in the Netherlands. Postoperative outcomes were worse in octogenarians.
Predischarge cerebral oxygenation and psychomotor outcome in very preterm infants: is there an association?
Authors: Martini Silvia , Savini Silvia , Sansavini Alessandra , Corvaglia Luigi 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis observational study aimed to investigate whether predischarge cerebral oxygenation (CrSO2), monitored by near-infrared spectroscopy, correlates with later psychomotor outcome in very preterm infants. Infants <32 weeks’ gestation or <1500 g without evidence of major brain lesions underwent a 3-h continuous CrSO2 monitoring before hospital discharge. Psychomotor development was assessed at 6, 12, 18, and 24 months using the Griffiths Mental Developmental Scales. The developmental quotients (DQ) at each follow-up appointment were correlated with predischarge CrSO2. Significant correlations were adjusted for possible confounders. Sixty-three infants were enrolled. A significant correlation between CrSO2 and DQ was observed at 6 months ca (p=0.010), but not at later psychomotor assessments. This correlation was confirmed significant (b=0.274, p=0.038) even after the adjustment for relevant covariates. Conclusion: According to these preliminary findings, the association between predischarge CrSO2 and psychomotor development over the first 24 months in preterm infants without major brain lesions is time-limited. Hence, this parameter may not represent an effective predictor for medium-term neurodevelopment.

What is Known:• Prematurity is a major risk factor for adverse neurodevelopment. • The validation of clinical tools for psychomotor outcome prediction may aid to identify high-risk preterm infants who might benefit from early interventions.

What is New:• In infants without major brain lesions, predischarge CrSO2correlates with psychomotor outcome at 6 months ca but not later, indicating a short time predictability.
Association between duration of early empiric antibiotics and necrotizing enterocolitis and late-onset sepsis in preterm infants: a multicenter cohort study
Authors: Dierikx Thomas H. , Deianova Nancy , Groen Jip , Vijlbrief Daniel C. , Hulzebos Christian , de Boode Willem P. , d’Haens Esther J. , Cossey Veerle , Kramer Boris W. , van Weissenbruch Mirjam M. , de Jonge Wouter J. , Benninga Marc A. , van den Akker Chris H. , van Kaam Anton H. , de Boer Nanne K. H. , Visser Douwe H. , Niemarkt Hendrik J. , de Meij Tim G. J. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe threshold to initiate empiric antibiotics for suspicion of early-onset sepsis (EOS) is low in preterm infants. Antibiotics’ effects on short-term outcomes have recently been debated. We aimed at exploring the extent of early empiric antibiotic exposure (EEAE) in preterm infants and the association between the duration of EEAE with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and late-onset sepsis (LOS) within different EEAE groups. EEAE practice for suspicion of EOS was evaluated in all included infants (gestational age < 30 weeks) born in 9 centers in the Netherlands and Belgium between Oct. 2014 and Jan. 2019. EEAE association with NEC and LOS development was analyzed by multivariate regression. After excluding 56 EOS cases, 1259 infants were included. A total of 1122 infants (89.1%) were exposed to empirical antibiotics for the suspicion of EOS of whom 802 (63.7%) had short (≤ 72 h) and 320 (25.4%) prolonged EEAE (> 72 h). Infants with EEAE ≤ 72 h had a lower incidence of NEC compared to both infants without EEAE (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 0.39; 95% confidence interval (CI) [0.19–0.80]; p = 0.01) and with prolonged EEAE (> 72 h) (aOR [95%CI]: 0.58 [0.35–0.96]; p = 0.03). With every additional day of EEAE, LOS incidence decreased (aOR [95%CI]: 0.90 [0.85–0.97]; p = 0.003).Conclusion: Almost 90% of preterm infants who have negative blood culture results in the first 72 h of life are exposed to EEAE under suspicion of EOS. One-fourth has prolonged EEAE. Duration of EEAE was differently associated with NEC and LOS incidence. The effects of antibiotics, and potentially induced microbial dysbiosis related to development of NEC and LOS, should further be explored.

What is Known:• Preterm infants often receive antibiotics empirically directly after birth for suspicion of early-onset sepsis.• The effects of the duration of early empirical antibiotic exposure on the risk for necrotizing enterocolitis and late-onset sepsis are debated.

What is New:• Almost 90% of preterm infants with a gestational age below 30 weeks are exposed to antibiotics empirically after birth despite negative culture results. In a quarter of these culture-negative infants, empirical antibiotics are prolonged.• A short course of empirical antibiotics (≤72h) is associated with decreased odds for necrotizing enterocolitis compared to both prolonged (>72h) or no empirical antibiotics after birth. Furthermore, every additional day of empirical antibiotic exposure is associated with decreased risk for late-onset sepsis in the first month of life.
Computer-aided anatomy recognition in intrathoracic and -abdominal surgery: a systematic review
Authors: den Boer R. B. , de Jongh C. , Huijbers W. T. E. , Jaspers T. J. M. , Pluim J. P. W. , van Hillegersberg R. , Van Eijnatten M. , Ruurda J. P. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Minimally invasive surgery is complex and associated with substantial learning curves. Computer-aided anatomy recognition, such as artificial intelligence-based algorithms, may improve anatomical orientation, prevent tissue injury, and improve learning curves. The study objective was to provide a comprehensive overview of current literature on the accuracy of anatomy recognition algorithms in intrathoracic and -abdominal surgery.

Methods
This systematic review is reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guideline. Pubmed, Embase, and IEEE Xplore were searched for original studies up until January 2022 on computer-aided anatomy recognition, without requiring intraoperative imaging or calibration equipment. Extracted features included surgical procedure, study population and design, algorithm type, pre-training methods, pre- and post-processing methods, data augmentation, anatomy annotation, training data, testing data, model validation strategy, goal of the algorithm, target anatomical structure, accuracy, and inference time.

Results
After full-text screening, 23 out of 7124 articles were included. Included studies showed a wide diversity, with six possible recognition tasks in 15 different surgical procedures, and 14 different accuracy measures used. Risk of bias in the included studies was high, especially regarding patient selection and annotation of the reference standard. Dice and intersection over union (IoU) scores of the algorithms ranged from 0.50 to 0.98 and from 74 to 98%, respectively, for various anatomy recognition tasks. High-accuracy algorithms were typically trained using larger datasets annotated by expert surgeons and focused on less-complex anatomy. Some of the high-accuracy algorithms were developed using pre-training and data augmentation.

Conclusions
The accuracy of included anatomy recognition algorithms varied substantially, ranging from moderate to good. Solid comparison between algorithms was complicated by the wide variety of applied methodology, target anatomical structures, and reported accuracy measures. Computer-aided intraoperative anatomy recognition is an upcoming research discipline, but still at its infancy. Larger datasets and methodological guidelines are required to improve accuracy and clinical applicability in future research.
Trial registration: PROSPERO registration number: CRD42021264226
Transinguinal preperitoneal (TIPP) vs endoscopic total extraperitoneal (TEP) procedure in unilateral inguinal hernia repair: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Posthuma J. J. , Sandkuyl R. , Sloothaak D.A. , Ottenhof A. , van der Bilt J. D. W. , Gooszen J. A. H. , Verbeek P. C. M. , in’t Hof K. H. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The Lichtenstein hernioplasty has long been seen as the gold standard for inguinal hernia repair. Unfortunately, this repair is often associated with chronic pain, up to 10–35%. Therefore, several new techniques have been developed, such as the transinguinal preperitoneal patch (TIPP) and the endoscopic total extraperitoneal (TEP) technique. Several studies showed beneficial results of the TIPP and TEP compared to the Lichtenstein hernioplasty; however, little is published on the outcome when comparing the TIPP and TEP procedures. This study aimed to evaluate outcomes after the TIPP vs the TEP technique for inguinal hernia repair.

Methods
A single-center randomized controlled trial was carried out between 2015 and 2020. A total of 300 patients with unilateral inguinal hernia were enrolled and randomized to the TIPP- or TEP technique. Primary outcome was chronic pain (defined as any pain following the last 3 months) and quality of life, assessed with Carolinas comfort scale (CCS) at 12 months. Secondary outcomes were: wound infection, wound hypoesthesia, recurrence, readmission within 30 days, and reoperation.

Results
A total of 300 patients were randomized (150 per group). After a follow-up of 12 months, we observed significantly less postoperative chronic groin pain, chronic pain at exertion, wound hypoesthesia, and wound infections after the TEP when compared to the TIPP procedure. No significant differences in quality of life, reoperations, recurrence rate, and readmission within 30 days were observed.

Conclusion
We showed that the TEP has a favorable outcome compared to the TIPP procedure, leading to less postoperative pain and wound complications, whereas recurrence rates and reoperations were equal in both the groups.
Sinus arrest following acute lateral medullary infarction
Authors: Alloush Taha K. , Alloush Adel T. , Sami Mohammed , Shokri Hossam M. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractLateral medullary syndrome (LMS) is an ischemic stroke of the medulla oblongata that involves the territory of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery. LMS is often missed as the cause of autonomic dysregulation in patients with recent brain stem stroke. Due to the location of the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS), the dorsal vagal nucleus, and the nucleus ambiguous in the lateral medulla oblongata, patients with LMS occasionally have autonomic dysregulation–associated clinical manifestations. We report a case of LMS-associated autonomic dysregulation. The case presented by recurrent syncope, requiring permanent pacemaker placement. This case shows the importance of recognizing LMS as a potential cause of life-threatening arrhythmias, heart block, and symptomatic bradycardia. Extended cardiac monitoring should be considered for patients with medullary strokes.
Assessing the Needs of Victimized Adolescents in Therapeutic Residential Care in Spain
Authors: Águila-Otero A. , Fernández-Artamendi S. , González-García C. , del Valle J. F. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractChildren and adolescents in residential care often present with emotional and/or behavioral problems associated to previous adverse experiences such as abuse and neglect. Consequently, child welfare systems have developed therapeutic residential care (TRC) programs to address the most complex needs of this population. The aim of this study is to explore the characteristics of youths in TRC comparing them with those of youth in general residential care (GRC), and to detect the factors predicting referral to TRC programs. The sample consisted of 900 adolescents aged 12–17 years old (M = 15.57; SD = 1.33; 66.2% boys), from General Residential Care (n = 554) and Therapeutic Residential Care (n = 346). Profile information was collected through official files and an ad hoc questionnaire. Mental health problems were evaluated using the youth self-report (YSR). Significant sociodemographic differences were found between groups. Also, a higher frequency of emotional abuse and neglect, worse mental health, more breakdowns in child welfare measures and risk behaviors were found among adolescents in TRC. Sociodemographic and familial characteristics, features of the protective process and risk behaviors were associated to referral to TRC programs. Youths in GRC and TRC present with mental and behavioral problems that make it necessary to implement prevention programs and early detection procedures. Screening and evaluation of youth’s mental health and establishment of concrete criteria are suggested to ensure appropriate referral to the most suitable resource according to the individual needs of adolescents.
Dissuasive effect of low emission zones on traffic: the case of Madrid Central
Authors: Moral-Carcedo Julián 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAmbitious goals to combat pollution should be supported in policies that discourage the use of private cars, notably old and more polluting vehicles. Price signals, such as a congestion tax, and traffic restrictions, such as low-emission zones (LEZ), are widely used tools among European cities to limit car use. In this paper, we look at the dissuasive effect of the implementation of the Madrid Central LEZ and analyze how traffic intensity has been affected in both the restricted area and in other zones of the city. Although the ultimate policy goal of LEZ is to reduce pollution, the instrument considered is traffic limitations, so it is important to know whether or not traffic intensity has been affected by traffic restrictions. Despite its limited extension and the adoption of long transitional periods, the LEZ of Madrid has been seriously questioned from its inception. The results show that traffic intensity has been reduced in the Madrid Central zone but has unfortunately increased in bordering areas. Previous studies on the effects of Madrid Central have not taken into account this potential substitution effect. The future design of a mobility policy in the metropolitan area of Madrid should address this undesirable outcome.
Siegel modular forms of degree two and level five
Authors: Wang Haowu , Williams Brandon 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe construct a ring of meromorphic Siegel modular forms of degree 2 and level 5, with singularities supported on an arrangement of Humbert surfaces, which is generated by four singular theta lifts of weights 1, 1, 2, 2 and their Jacobian. We use this to prove that the ring of holomorphic Siegel modular forms of degree 2 and level $$\Gamma _0(5)$$

Γ
0

(
5
)

is minimally generated by eighteen modular forms of weights 2, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 6, 6, 6, 6, 10, 11, 11, 11, 13, 13, 13, 15.
Is Haslanger’s ameliorative project a successful conceptual engineering project?
Authors: Pinder Mark 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSupporters of conceptual engineering often use Haslanger’s ameliorative project as a key example of their methodology. However, at face value, Haslanger’s project is no cause for optimism about conceptual engineering. If we interpret Haslanger as seeking to revise how people in general use and understand words such as ‘woman’, ‘man’, etc., then her project has been unsuccessful. And if we interpret her as seeking to reveal the meaning of those words, then her project does not involve conceptual engineering. I develop and defend an alternative interpretation of Haslanger’s project and argue that, so interpreted, it is a successful conceptual engineering project after all. In so doing, I develop what I call a particularist account of the success conditions for conceptual engineering.
Surfactants in electrokinetic remediation of sediments to enhance the removal of metals
Authors: Garcia-Blas Nieves , Jimenez-Relinque Eva , Castellote Marta 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPurposeThe study focuses on the use of surfactants as enhancing solutions in electrokinetic remediation trials on sediments, with the hypothesis that they will allow heavy metals to desorb from organic matter, and thus favour their removal to the solution.Materials and methodsA total of 15 remediation trials were conducted. As enhancing solutions, four different non-ionic commercial surfactants were used, either alone or in combination with citric acid (CA) or ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) in both compartments. A comparison with distilled water was also performed. 30–40 VDC was applied between activated titanium electrodes. The pH, electroosmotic flow (EOF), mineralogy of the samples (before and after the electrokinetic tests), and the percentage of removal of Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Pb, and Hg were determined.Results and discussionEvery test showed an increase in current intensity during the first hours, and in certain cases, additional intensity peaks were found during the trial, which were mostly attributed to the establishment of EOF episodes. Depending on the case, EOF was transferred to the anolyte or the catholyte. Reversal of EOF occurred in one case, but was not detected in the others. Cr was primarily removed when CA was used. In the catholite, Ni, Cu, Zn, and Pb were extracted preferentially with EDTA. Surfactant B was more effective at removing Zn and As. Only a few treatments removed Cd with CA and surfactant C extracting the most. Hg was detected in the electrolytes of some experiments, being extracted with surfactant A in the catholyte in all cases, and with surfactant B and surfactant C with EDTA. Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb were preferentially collected in the anolyte. Cu and Zn were found in trace levels in the catholyte.ConclusionsSurfactants have been shown to help with metal solubilisation to different degrees depending on the metal. Each metal has a unique optimal species combination in the enhancing electrolyte. The direction of the EOF is determined by the chemical conditions of the system as a whole, not by the type of surfactant. Surfactants in combination with CA and EDTA improve desorption in general, which has been attributed to an increase in charge density passed during the tests rather than a symbiotic enhancement between both types of enhancing solutions.
Profiling the Potential Risks and Benefits of Emerging “Play to Earn” Games: a Qualitative Analysis of Players’ Experiences with Axie Infinity
Authors: Delic Amelia J. , Delfabbro Paul H. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe invention of blockchain technology, coupled with the growing interest in cryptocurrencies, has given rise to a new form of monetised gaming known as “Play to Earn” (PTE). “Axie Infinity” (AI) is currently the most popular PTE game, occupying a large portion of the online gaming market. In this paper, we profile the risks and benefits of PTE gaming, with a specific focus on AI. Qualitative data in the form of online chat threads was evaluated via a Thematic Analysis (TA) approach. The analysis revealed a number of themes including the dominance of extrinsically motivated gameplay in conjunction with negative appraisals of game quality, the benefits and costs of play, and the potential for PTE scholarship models to be associated with exploitation. The results did, however, indicate awareness of potential consumer risks. The findings have implications for informing consumer education, regulation, as well as areas of focus in future quantitative research.
Implementation of Actors’ Emotional Talent into Social Robots Through Capture of Human Head’s Motion and Basic Expression
Authors: Tanev Tanio K. , Lekova Anna 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe paper presents an initial step towards employing the advantages of educational theatre and implementing them into social robotics in order to enhance the emotional skills of a child and at the same time to augment robots with actors’ emotional talent. Emotional child-robot interaction helps to catch quickly a child’s attention and enhance information perception during learning and verbalization in children with communication disorders. An innovative approach for learning through art by transferring actors’ emotional and social talents to socially assistive robots is presented and the technical and artistic challenges of tracking and translating movements expressing emotions from an actor to a robot are considered. The goal is to augment the robot intervention in order to enhance a child’s learning skills by stimulating attention, improving timing of understanding emotions, establishing emotional contact and teamwork. The paper introduces a novel approach to capture movements and expressions of a human head, to process data from brain and inertial tracking devices and to transfer them into a socially assistive robot.
Correction to: Convergent numerical approximation of the stochastic total variation flow
Authors: Baňas Ĺubomír , Röckner Michael , Wilke André 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe correct two errors in our paper [4]. First error concerns the definition of the SVI solution, where a boundary term which arises due to the Dirichlet boundary condition, was not included. The second error concerns the discrete estimate [4, Lemma 4.4], which involves the discrete Laplace operator. We provide an alternative proof of the estimate in spatial dimension $$d=1$$

d
=
1

by using a mass lumped version of the discrete Laplacian. Hence, after a minor modification of the fully discrete numerical scheme the convergence in $$d=1$$

d
=
1

follows along the lines of the original proof. The convergence proof of the time semi-discrete scheme, which relies on the continuous counterpart of the estimate [4, Lemma 4.4], remains valid in higher spatial dimension. The convergence of the fully discrete finite element scheme from [4] in any spatial dimension is shown in [3] by using a different approach.