bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Variations in the substrate composition and microbial community structure in the anaerobic fermentation process using the green algae Enteromorpha prolifera
Authors: Ai Chao , Tong Aijun , Wen Jiahui , Chen Ruoxin , Huang Yajun , Zhao Chao 
Published: November 2022

AbstractEnteromorpha prolifera is a nutrient-rich green alga and abound in the Yellow Sea and the Bohai Sea of China. In this study, E. prolifera was anaerobically digested for biogas production. The variations of chemical compositions and microbial community structure as well as the physical structure of E. prolifera in anaerobic digestion process were investigated. This is the first report of multiple ways to deeply analysis the process of E. prolifera anaerobic digestion. Results from the present work showed that the biogas obtained from E. prolifera anaerobic digestion could achieve 409.7 mL•g− 1 TS with an average methane concentration of 53.2%, and the VFAs content in substrate played a vital role for driving the biogas production of flora. Moreover, S1 of Thermotogaceae and Cenarchaeum, the dominant bacteria and archaea in digestion flora, respectively, played important roles in degrading E. prolifera, acidizing slurry, and providing methanogenic substrate for methanogens.
Graphical Abstract
Realizing multiple-qubit entangling gate in Rydberg atoms via soft quantum control
Authors: Yun Meng-Ru , Cheng Shuming , Yan L.-L. , Jia Y. , Su S.-L. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Entangling gates are important for the generation of entanglement in quantum communicational and computational tasks. In this work, we propose an efficient protocol to realize the multi-qubit entangling gates with high fidelity in Rydberg atoms. Particularly, we apply the technique of soft quantum control to design the off-resonant pulses such that the atoms are driven to the ground-state subspace via unconventional Rydberg pumping. Thus, our scheme is insensitive to the decay effect as all atoms are only virtually excited. Moreover, Gaussian temporal modulation is further adopted to improve its robustness against the model uncertainty, such as operating time and environment noise. Finally, we perform numerical simulation to validate the effectiveness of our scheme. Hence, our work has potential applications in quantum information processing based on Rydberg atoms.
Achieving Competency in Fiber-Optic Intubation Among Resident Physicians After Higher- Versus Lower-Fidelity Task Training: A Randomized Controlled Study
Authors: Melvin Martina T. , Siddiqui Naveed T. , Wild Evan , Parotto Matteo , Perelman Vsevolod S. , You-Ten Kong Eric 
Published: November 2022

BACKGROUND:
The high-fidelity ORSIM (Airway Simulation Ltd) and the low-fidelity wooden-block fiber-optic task trainers allow users to familiarize themselves with the psychomotor skills required to manipulate the fiber-optic scope.

METHODS:
This single-center study aimed to compare residents’ performance of fiber-optic intubation after 2 different types of task training. Twenty-four residents with experience of <8 fiber-optic intubations were randomized to either the ORSIM or a wooden-block task trainer. In a single teaching session, the resident performed 20 fiber-optic intubations on their assigned task trainer. This implied simulator competence. In the 4 months after this training, all subjects then attempted to perform a fiber-optic intubation on an American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) I or II anesthetized patient whose airway was preoperatively assessed as normal. The primary outcome was the cumulative sum (CUSUM) learning curves obtained as the residents trained on their respective task trainers. Secondary outcomes included: the mean time (in seconds) to perform each of the 20 fiber-optic intubations on their assigned task trainer, the total simulator training time, global rating scale score, checklist score, and time to carina when performing fiber-optic intubation on the patient.

RESULTS:
The CUSUM analysis showed that the ORSIM group achieved simulator competence faster. The mean time to perform fiber-optic intubation was shorter in the ORSIM group. A 2-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test suggests that the combined effect of group (wooden-block or ORSIM) and time is statistically significant (P < .05).
Total training time (mean, 899 s ± 440 s vs 1358 s ± 405 s; 95% confidence interval [CI], 100.46–818.54; P = .01) was also significantly better in the ORSIM group.
No significant difference was found between the 2 groups (P > 0) in terms of global rating scale, checklist score, and time to reach the carina (P >.05) when performing the fiber-optic intubation on the patient.

CONCLUSIONS:
ORSIM showed superiority in terms of the CUSUM learning curve in reaching competence faster in fewer attempts. There was no statistically significant difference in residents’ performance when translated to clinical practice on a patient. This information should assist course directors when choosing task trainers for fiber-optic intubation training programs.
The prospect of genetically engineering natural killer cells for cancer immunotherapy
Authors: Poon Angie Yu Ching , Sugimura Ryohichi 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
The use of natural killer (NK) cells in cancer immunotherapy demonstrates promising potential, yet its efficacy is often limited due to the loss of tumor-killing capacity and lack of specificity in vivo. Here, we review current approaches to confer enhanced tumor-killing capacity and specificity by genetic engineering. Increasing sensitivity to cytokines and protecting NK cells from the immune checkpoint endowed sustainability of NK cells in the tumor microenvironment. Transducing chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) in NK cells successfully targeted both hematologic and solid tumors in preclinical models. The use of human pluripotent stem cells as an expandable and genetically amenable platform offers a stable source of engineered NK cells for cancer immunotherapy. We highlight that CAR-NK cells from human pluripotent stem cells are a promising approach for cancer immunotherapy.
Reducing the aneuploid cell burden – cell competition and the ribosome connection
Authors: Baker Nicholas E. , Montagna Cristina 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
Aneuploidy, the gain or loss of chromosomes, is the cause of birth defects and miscarriage and is almost ubiquitous in cancer cells. Mosaic aneuploidy causes cancer predisposition, as well as age-related disorders. Despite the cell-intrinsic mechanisms that prevent aneuploidy, sporadic aneuploid cells do arise in otherwise normal tissues. These aneuploid cells can differ from normal cells in the copy number of specific dose-sensitive genes, and may also experience proteotoxic stress associated with mismatched expression levels of many proteins. These differences may mark aneuploid cells for recognition and elimination. The ribosomal protein gene dose in aneuploid cells could be important because, in Drosophila, haploinsufficiency for these genes leads to elimination by the process of cell competition. Constitutive haploinsufficiency for human ribosomal protein genes causes Diamond Blackfan anemia, but it is not yet known whether ribosomal protein gene dose contributes to aneuploid cell elimination in mammals. In this Review, we discuss whether cell competition on the basis of ribosomal protein gene dose is a tumor suppressor mechanism, reducing the accumulation of aneuploid cells. We also discuss how this might relate to the tumor suppressor function of p53 and the p53-mediated elimination of aneuploid cells from murine embryos, and how cell competition defects could contribute to the cancer predisposition of Diamond Blackfan anemia.
Measuring the psychosocial wellbeing of Rohingya mothers in Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh: Psychometric properties of an MHPSS assessment battery
Authors: Nguyen Amanda , Bhardwaj Anvita , Rahaman Kh Shafiur , Barua Suzit , Le Roch Karine , Lasater Molly , Schojan Matthew , Lee Catherine , Berg Kim , Murray Sarah M 
Published: November 2022

Background: Psychosocial research in humanitarian settings has been historically dominated by a focus on distress and disorder. As such, there is a need to establish the validity of instruments for a broad range of psychosocial outcomes, particularly among highly affected and under-represented populations. The current study describes the adaptation and testing of multiple psychosocial instruments among displaced Rohingya mothers in Bangladesh. Methods: We used baseline data from 600 mothers of malnourished children aged 2 and under enrolled in an intervention study in Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh. Instruments assessed distress (International Depression Symptom Scale [IDSS] and Kessler-6 [K-6]); functional impairment (World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule [WHODAS]); subjective wellbeing (global Satisfaction With Life [SWL] and Personal Wellbeing Index [PWI]; and, coping (Brief COPE and locally developed coping items). Instruments were piloted and refined, then used for data collection by Bangladeshi-Rohingya interviewer pairs. We conducted exploratory factor analysis, evaluated internal consistency, examined construct validity through correlation with other scales, and used regression models to explore demographic factors associated with psychosocial health. Results: Both the WHODAS and coping items fit 2-factor models; other scales were unidimensional. Cronbach’s alphas ranged from .76 to .90 for the refined scales. With the exception of coping, scale correlations supported construct validity; separate measures of the same construct were highly correlated, distress and impairment were moderately correlated, and both were inversely correlated with wellbeing. Correlates of poorer psychosocial health included relative socioeconomic disadvantage, current pregnancy, and being unmarried. Conclusions: Most of the standard psychosocial assessment tools performed adequately, but they did not appear to fully capture local experiences and included items of little local relevance. Findings highlight the need for further mixed methods research to develop a rich battery of instruments with cross-cultural validity, particularly for positive outcomes such as coping which was particularly challenging to assess.
Machine Learning Methods for Data-Driven Demand Estimation and Assortment Planning Considering Cross-Selling and Substitutions
Authors: Chen Zhen-Yu , Fan Zhi-Ping , Sun Minghe 
Published: November 2022

This study develops machine learning methods for the data-driven demand estimation and assortment planning problem by addressing three subproblems, that is, demand forecasting simultaneously considering cross-selling and substitutions, estimation of the cross-selling and substitution effects, and assortment optimization. These three subproblems are transformed into three sequentially related machine learning problems: collective demand forecasting, demand inference for cross-selling and substitutions, and assortment rule mining. For collective demand forecasting, related product features are introduced to consider both the cross-selling and substitution effects, and a collaborative coordinate descent method with a good convergence property is developed to make distributed demand forecasting and a global update of related product features. Using the results, demand inference adopts transfer and semisupervised learning methods to tackle the challenge of missing data in quantifying the cross-selling and substitution effects. For assortment rule mining, the assortment rules bridge the gap between prediction and optimization, and the developed heuristics obtain the best assortment using the prior knowledge discovered in demand inference. The computational results on a real-world database and a semisynthetic database show that collective demand forecasting obtained far better results than the standard demand forecasting methods and some popular graph learning methods, and the developed heuristics identified much better assortments than those obtained with the baseline methods.History: Accepted by Ram Ramesh, Area Editor for Data Science and Machine Learning.Funding: This work was supported by the construction base project of discipline innovation and talent introduction plan of Chinese higher educational institutions (111 project) [Grant B16009] and the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grant 72031002].Supplemental Material: The online appendices are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/ijoc.2022.1251 .
Incentive-Compatible Assortment Optimization for Sponsored Products
Authors: Balseiro Santiago R. , Désir Antoine 
Published: November 2022

Online marketplaces, such as Amazon, Alibaba, Google Shopping, and JD.com, allow sellers to promote their products by charging them for the right to be displayed on top of organic search results. In this paper, we study the problem of designing auctions for sponsored products and highlight some new challenges emerging from the interplay of two unique features: substitution effects and information asymmetry. The presence of substitution effects, which we capture by assuming that consumers choose sellers according to a multinomial logit model, implies that the probability a seller is chosen depends on the assortment of sellers displayed alongside. Additionally, sellers may hold private information about how their own products match consumers’ interests, which the platform can elicit to make better assortment decisions. We first show that the first-best allocation, that is, the welfare-maximizing assortment in the absence of private information, cannot be implemented truthfully in general. Thus motivated, we initiate the study of incentive-compatible assortment optimization by characterizing prior-independent and prior-dependent mechanisms and quantifying the worst-case social cost of implementing truthful assortment mechanisms. An important finding is that the worst-case social cost of implementing truthful mechanisms can be high when the number of sellers is large. Structurally, we show that optimal mechanisms may need to downward distort the efficient allocation both at the top and the bottom. This paper was accepted by Victor Martínez-de-Albéniz, operations management. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.4603 .
Appointment Scheduling Under a Service-Level Constraint
Authors: Benjaafar Saif , Chen David , Wang Rowan , Yan Zhenzhen 
Published: November 2022

Problem definition: This paper studies an appointment system where a finite number of customers are scheduled to arrive in such a way that (1) the expected waiting time of each individual customer cannot exceed a given threshold; and (2) the appointment times are set as early as possible (without breaking the waiting time constraint). Methodology/results: First, we show that, under the service-level constraint, a prospective schedule can be obtained from a sequential scheduling approach. In particular, we can schedule the appointment time of the next customer based on the scheduled appointment times of the previous customers. Then, we use a transient queueing-analysis approach and apply the theory of majorization to analytically characterize the structure of the optimal appointment schedule. We prove that, to keep the expected waiting time of each customer below a certain threshold, the minimum inter-appointment time required increases with the arrival sequence. We further identify additional properties of the optimal schedule. For example, a later arrival has a higher chance of finding an empty system and is more likely to wait less than the duration of his expected service time. We show the convergence of the service-level-constrained system to the D/M/1 queueing system as the number of arrivals approaches infinity and propose a simple, yet practical, heuristic schedule that is asymptotically optimal. We also develop algorithms that can help system managers determine the number of customers that can be scheduled in a fixed time window. We compare the service-level-constrained appointment system with other widely studied systems (including the equal-space and cost-minimization systems). We show that the service-level-constrained system leads to a lower upper bound on each customer’s waiting time; ensures a fair waiting experience among customers; and performs quite well in terms of system overtime. Finally, we investigate various extended settings of our analysis, including customer no-shows; mixed Erlang service times; multiple servers; and probability-based service-level constraints. Managerial implications: Our results provide guidelines on how to design appointment schedules with individual service-level constraints. Such a design ensures fairness and incorporates the threshold-type waiting perception of customers. It is also free from cost estimation and can be easily applied in practice. In addition, under the service-level-constrained appointment system, customers with later appointment times can have better waiting experiences, in contrast to the situation under other commonly studied systems. Funding: Z. Yan was partly supported by a Nanyang Technological University startup grant; the Ministry of Education Academic Research Fund Tier 1 [Grant RG17/21] and Tier 2 [Grant MOE2019-T2-1-045]; and Neptune Orient Lines [Fellowship Grant NOL21RP04]. Supplemental Material: The online supplement is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2022.1159 .
Sequential Fair Allocation: Achieving the Optimal Envy-Efficiency Trade-off Curve
Authors: Sinclair Sean R. , Jain Gauri , Banerjee Siddhartha , Yu Christina Lee 
Published: November 2022

Optimizing Mobile Food Pantry Operations Under Demand Uncertainty Managing complex systems often involves making trade-offs between different objectives. A common example is seeking fairness guarantees in sequential resource allocation problems. For example, mobile food pantries are tasked with allocating resources under demand uncertainty with the goal of simultaneously minimizing inefficiency (leftover resources) and envy (deviations in allocations). In this work, we tackle a problem established from a partnership with the Food Bank of the Southern Tier in optimizing their mobile food-pantry operations. We provide an exact characterization of the achievable (envy, efficiency) pairs, showing that any algorithm achieving low envy must suffer from poor inefficiency and vice versa. We complement this exact characterization with a simple algorithm capable of achieving any desired point along the trade-off curve.
Technical Note—Greedy Algorithm for Multiway Matching with Bounded Regret
Authors: Gupta Varun 
Published: November 2022

A Unified View of Online Matching and Resource Allocation Problems Whereas small regret online algorithms for applications as diverse as network revenue management (NRM), assemble-to-order (ATO) systems, and online stochastic bin packing (SBP) are known in the literature, the design of the existing algorithms are tailored to the specific application and often use the strategy of resolving a planning linear program. In the paper “Greedy Algorithm for Multiway Matching with Bounded Regret,” Gupta proposes a unified model for studying such online matching/allocation problems. In the unified model, resources of three types—off-line (e.g., inventory in NRM), online-queueable (e.g., orders or resources in ATO systems), or online-nonqueueable (e.g., requests in NRM, items in SBP)—must be combined to create feasible configurations. Leveraging the unified framework, the author gives one simple greedy algorithm that gives small regret (bounded or logarithmic in time horizon) for these diverse applications under a mild nondegeneracy condition on the off-line planning problem.
VECSEL systems for quantum information processing with trapped beryllium ions
Authors: Burd S. C. , Penttinen J.-P. , Hou P.-Y. , Knaack H. M. , Ranta S. , Mäki M. , Kantola E. , Guina M. , Slichter D. H. , Leibfried D. , Wilson A. C. 
Published: November 2022

We demonstrate two systems based on vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VECSELs) for producing ultraviolet laser light at wavelengths of 235 and 313 nm. The systems are suitable for quantum information processing with trapped beryllium ions. Each system consists of a compact, single-frequency, continuous-wave VECSEL producing high-power near-infrared light, tunable over tens of nanometers. One system generates 2.4 W at 940 nm, using a gain mirror based on GaInAs/GaAs quantum wells, which is converted to 54 mW of 235 nm light for photoionization of neutral beryllium atoms. The other system uses a gain mirror based on GaInNAs/GaAs quantum wells, enabling wavelength extension above 1200 nm with manageable strain in the GaAs lattice. This system generates 1.6 W at 1252 nm, which is converted to 41 mW of 313 nm light that is used to laser cool trapped 9Be+ ions and quantum state preparation and detection. The 313 nm system is also suitable for implementing high-fidelity quantum gates.
Ultrasound insonation angle and scanning imaging modes for imaging dental implant structures: A benchtop study
Authors: Kripfgans Oliver D. , Goli Nikhila Devi , Majzoub Jad , De Siqueira Rafael Amorim Cavalcanti , Soki Fabiana , Chan Hsun-Liang 
Published: November 2022

Introduction
High frequency ultrasound has shown as a promising imaging modality to evaluate peri-implant tissues. It is not known if the ultrasound imaging settings might influence ultrasound’s ability to differentiate implant structures. The aim of this benchtop study was to evaluate the dependence of ultrasound on imaging angles and modes to measure implant geometry-related parameters.

Methods
A clinical ultrasound scanner (ZS3, Mindray) with an intraoral probe (L30-8) offering combinations of harmonic and compound imaging modes was employed for imaging 16 abutments and 4 implants. The samples were mounted to a micro-positioning system in a water tank, which allowed a range of -30 to 30-degree imaging angles in 5-degree increment between the probe and samples. The abutment angle, implant thread pitch and depth were measured on ultrasound, compared to the reference readings. The errors were computed as a function of the image angles and modes. All samples were replicated 3 times for 3 image modes and 11 image angles, thus resulting in 2,340 images.

Results
The mean errors of ultrasound to estimate 16 abutment angles, compared to the reference values, were between -1.8 to 2.7 degrees. The root mean squared error (RMSE) ranged from 1.5 to 4.6 degrees. Ultrasound significantly overestimated the thread pitch by 26.1 μm to 36.2 μm. The error in thread depth measurements were in a range of -50.5 μm to 39.6 μm, respectively. The RMSE of thread pitch and depth of the tested 4 implants was in a range of 34.7 to 56.9 μm and 51.0 to 101.8 μm, respectively. In most samples, these errors were independent of the image angle and modes.

Conclusions
Within the limitations of this study, high-frequency ultrasound was feasible in imaging abutments and implant fixtures independent of scanning angle within ±30° of normal incidence and for compounding and non-compounding-based imaging modes.