bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Three-Dimensional Microstrip Antennas for Uniform Phase Response or Wide-Angular Coverage GPS Applications
Authors: G. Clark Ken , M. Tranquilla Jim , M. Al-Rizzo Hussain 
Published: November 2022

In this chapter, three-dimensional microstrip antennas operating in the dominant TM10 mode of the L1 band at 1.57542 GHz are presented, which either provide uniform phase response and stable phase center, or wide angular beam coverage. A Finite-Difference Time-domain scheme has been developed and used to elucidate the interplay between the proposed antennas and several ground plane configurations. Experimental results are presented and compared to simulations to illustrate the impact of several 3-D geometries on the phase response, phase center, half power beam width, gain, and polarization purity. We report for the first-time novel three-dimensional microstrip antenna topologies for precise surveying applications by fostering a nearly uniform phase response when the 3D structure is bent by angles ranging from 15° to 30° without significantly compromising the gain and polarization performance of the equivalent flat patch antenna. The proposed antennas exhibit half-power-beamwidths up to 40 and 80% greater than the equivalent flat structure that can be realized if positioned downward and upward respectively, for bend angles above 45° accompanied with a variety of spatial coverage patterns to suit applications involving highly dynamic platforms.
Alpha-Glutamyl-Tryptophan in the Treatment of Chronic Atrophic Gastritis, Associated with Helicobacter pylori
Authors: P. Uspensky Yury , V. Baryshnikova Natalia , A. Fominykh Yulia , A. Krasnov Alexey , V. Petlenko Sergey , A. Apryatina Vera 
Published: November 2022

To evaluate the effectiveness of alpha-glutamyl-tryptophan as a cytoprotector in comparison with the control group (placebo) as part of the complex therapy of chronic atrophic H. pylori (HP)-associated gastritis. A total of 121 patients with chronic atrophic HP-associated gastritis were observed in 3 research centers. Before and after treatment blood test “Gastropanel”, stomach endoscopy with biopsies of atrophied mucosa for histological examination, rapid urease test for H. pylori detection, and daily pH-metry were performed. After HP eradication, according to randomization, the study drug (n = 61) or placebo (n = 60) was administered twice a day, in the morning 20–30 minutes before meals and in the evening before bedtime for 28 days. Alpha-glutamyl-tryptophan intake is associated with a statistically significant increase in acidity index according to pH-metry (p = 0.001), an increase in the ratio of pepsinogen I/pepsinogen II (p = 0.003), decrease in the level of gastrin-17 (p = 0.005), increase in the number of glands per 1 mm2 of the gastric mucosa (р = 0.028). Alpha-glutamyl-tryptophan in the treatment of chronic atrophic HP-associated gastritis has a superior regenerative effect compared with placebo, and promotes the restoration of acid-forming and pepsin-forming functions of the stomach.
Genetic Disorders of Calcium and Phosphorus Metabolism Related with Parathyroid Glands
Authors: Dilruba Aslanger Ayça 
Published: November 2022

Calcium (Ca), phosphorus (phosphate, HPO4), and magnesium (Mg) are essential nutrients that are critical for the structural integrity and functions of the body. Therefore, disorders of calcium and phosphorus metabolism lead to serious and even life-threatening consequences such as skeletal and cardiovascular morbidity. Parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcitonin, and the active form of vitamin D (calcitriol, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3) hormones are the main hormones that are responsible for regulating the calcium and phosphorus level in the blood. Hypoparathyroidism is due to insufficient circulating parathyroid hormone levels characterized by hypocalcemia and hyperphosphatemia. Besides being an isolated condition or a component of a complex syndrome, the causes of hypoparathyroidism are rarely genetic. Primary hyperparathyroidism is a disorder that results in excessive, uncontrolled production of parathyroid hormone. Rarely, primary hyperparathyroidism caused by genetic disorders is associated with an inherited familial germline mutation syndrome such as familial isolated hyperparathyroidism and multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 and type 2A. Although genetic disorders are not the most common cause of hyper/hypoparathyroidism, molecular analyses have identified an increasing number of genes that cause loss or gain of function of genes related to calcium and phosphorus metabolism.
Co rozumět nezbytnou loajalitou?
Authors: Josková Lucie 
Published: November 2022

The Czech Civil Code as well as the Business Corporations Act stipulate that a member of an elected body is obliged to act with necessary loyalty. This contribution deals with the question of how the adjective “necessary” should be understood and whether there are different levels of loyalty. In general, administrators of matters of others are able to interfere in the sphere of entitled persons in various ways and the disclosure of the entitled person´s sphere of interest determines the intensity (content) of the duty of loyalty. Members of elected bodies of business corporations are able to affect interests of business corporation fundamentally and therefore their duty of loyalty is very intensive. Nevertheless, there are considerable differences which are reflected (inter alia) in the intensity (content) of duty of loyalty. A member of an elected body must never enrich himself at the expense of the business corporation.
Soutěžní právo, podnik jako subjekt nebo objekt
Authors: Pelikánová Irena 
Published: November 2022

This article attempts to explain the concept of “undertaking” in European law, especially in the jurisprudence of the Court of Justice. The problem is whether an undertaking should be considered a subject (person) or an object in EU Competition law. My contention is that the Court of Justice confuses these concepts. On the one hand it alleges that only enterprises are subjects but on other hand, it examines the responsibility of the parent company and its subsidiaries inside an enterprise. Companies are the exclusive addressees of the Commission‘s Decisions. The second problem examined concerns decisions imposing joint and several liability for fines on companies inside a liable enterprise. The Court has refused to rule on the division of fines stating that this is the exclusive competence of the national judge. However, national courts have raised many questions regarding competence and applicable law. This contribution also considers the Advocate General’s Opinion in Sumal, in which he states that although the Commission is free to decide who will pay the fine when an enterprise is sanctioned, in the framework of civil responsibility litigation, the national judge can decide that a company not designated in the Commission decision is liable. The judgement Sumal follows the Opinion. My article concludes by raising some theoretical questions relating to the topic.
Všeobecná úprava právnických osôb a právo obchodných společnosti
Authors: Csach Kristián 
Published: November 2022

The different legal forms of private law legal persons have developed side by side. Changes in the way legal persons are used as well as the possibility of derogatory regulation have led to the overlapping of legal person forms. This has also led multiple countries to develop a general regulation of corporate law, which draws heavily on the experience of company law. The paper builds on Josef Bejček’s reflections on commercial law without the Commercial Code and on the interconnection of civil and commercial law perspectives regarding a fundamental part of commercial law. It outlines the arguments in favour of a general regulation of law of legal entities but also its limits, using the example of corporate membership. It seeks to defend the conclusion that neither the possible generalisation of corporate rules into general corporate law nor the possibility of analogous application of the rules of one legal form to another legal form are a threat to company law.
MAKNA RUGI BAGI PETANI JAGUNG (Studi pada Masyarakat Desa Pongongaila, Kec. Pulubala, Kab. Gorontalo)
Authors: Abdullah Mei 
Published: November 2022

Rugi ataupun untung adalah masalah yang sering dihadapi oleh petani dalam menjalankan usaha pertanian. Dalam penelitian ini peneliti menggunakan metode kualitatif dalam mengeksplorasi perilaku petani jagung Dusun Tumba, Desa Pongongaila, Kecamatan Pulubala, Kabupaten Gorontalo dalam menghadapi kerugian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa para petani ketika dihadapkan pada kerugian usaha adalah Memahami laba dan rugi dengan benar, menekan biaya dan meningkatkan skill, berupaya berinvestasi tanpa hutang, tawakkal dan inropeksi diri.
Al-Maqashid Syariah Performance in Islamic Bank
Authors: Anggrayni Lilly 
Published: November 2022

This study is aim to examined the effect of maqashid syariah performance. This study employed Maqashid Syariah Index and content analysis as the method of analysis. The Islamic Banks usually employed the conventional yardstick in measuring the IBs performance and firm value. Otherwise, this yardstick is not fit with the condition of IBs. Therefore this study suggests the usage of the IMSPM as the tool measurement of IBs performance, that more complete than the conventional yardstick. This study had important contribution for practitioners of IBs and also Islamic accounting researchers.
Pengaruh Media Pembelajaran Bigbook terhadap Kemampuan Menyimak Anak TK Al-Wathaniyah Kecamatan Kota Timur Kota Gorontalo
Authors: Kuku Alfasana , Arsyad Lukman 
Published: November 2022

Tujuan Penelitian ini yaitu ingin mengetahui apakah ada pengaruh media pembelajaran bigbook terhadap kemampuan menyimak anak. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian eksperimen dengan menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif untuk mendapatkan informasi yang lengkap dan mendalam mengenai pengaruh media pembelajaran bigbook terhadap kemampuan menyimak anak pada kelompok A TK Al- wathaniyah kecamatan kota timur kota gorontalo. Populasi dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 18 sehingga penelitian ini dikatakan sebagai penelitian populasi. Selanjutnya pengumpulan data penulis menggunakan observasi, angket, tes dan dokumentasi, dan jenis analisis data menggunakan tahapan SPSS 16. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian uji t menunjukkan bahwa media pembelajaran bigbook memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap kemampuan menyimak anak yaitu sebesar 95% dan di peroleh thitung = -23.252 dan nilai sig.(2-tailed) = 0.000. Sebab Nilai signifikannya 0.000 < 0.005 maka H0 di tolak dan Hi diterima. Dengan demikian media pembelajaran bigbook berpengaruh positif terhadap kemampuan menyimak anak. Dari penelitian ini guru dapat mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh pemberian media pembelajaran bigbook terhadap kemampuan menyimak anak. Sehingga diharapkan kepada guru lebih kreatif memilih media yang digunakan sehingga peserta didik lebih bersemangat untuk menerima pelajaran.
Pengaruh Media Film Animasi Nussa dan Rara terhadap Perkembangan Kecerdasan Spiritual Anak Kelas A1 PPAUD IT Lukmanul Hakim Limboto
Authors: Mannassai Annisa Fahmi , Wiwik Pratiwi  
Published: November 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh media film animasi Nussa dan Rara terhadap perkembangan kecerdasan spiritual anak kelas A1 PPAUD IT Lukmanul Hakim Limboto. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif eksperimen dan desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah pre-eksperimental designs (nondesigns) dengan bentuk One Group Pretest-Posttest. Subjek dalam penelitian adalah peserta didik dari kelas A1 di PPAUD IT Lukmanul Hakim Limboto sebanyak 14 anak. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah Nonprobability Sampling dengan cara teknik Sampling Jenuh. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa media film animasi Nussa dan Rara memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap perkembangan kecerdsasan spiritual anak kelas A1 di PPAUD IT Lukmanul Hakim Limboto. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari hasil uji hipotesis yang menunjukkan nilai signifikansi sebesar 0.001 lebih kecil dari 0.05 dimana secara statistik terbukti bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara film animasi Nusa dan Rara terhadap kecerdasan spiritual anak kelas A1 PPAUD IT Lukmanul Hakim Limboto.
Pengembangan Teori Pembelajaran Humanisme menurut Jurgen Habermas serta Relevansinya dalam Pendidikan Islam
Authors: Labaso' Syahrial , Hestiana Ratna 
Published: November 2022

: Teori pembelajaran humanisme meyakini bahwa proses pendidikan tidak diarahkan untuk membentuk kompetensi peserta didik, tetapi sebaliknya dimaksudkan untuk mengembangkan potensi yang melekat dalam diri peserta didik itu sendiri, sebagai pribadi yang unggul dan istimewa. Sehingga sudut pandang yang digunakan ialah sudut pandang dari peserta didik sebagai individu pembelajar, sementara peran pendidik (guru) sebatas pada upaya dan usaha untuk memfasilitasi kebutuhan perkembangan diri dari peserta didik tersebut. Dalam proses pengembangannya menurut Jurgen Habermas, teori pembelajaran humanisme dapat dilaksanakan melalui tiga tahapan belajar, yaitu: belajar teknis (technical learning), belajar praktis (practical learning), dan belajar emansipatoris (emancipator learning). Melalui tiga tahapan belajar tersebut, peserta didik diharapkan dapat mencapai kesadaran yang utuh mengenai dirinya dan lingkungan sosialnya, hal inilah yang sekaligus menjadikan teori pembelajaran humanisme yang dikembangkan oleh Jurgen Habermas selaras dengan tujuan pendidikan Islam, sebab pada akhinya output dari teori pembelajaran humanisme ialah mencapai kearifan dan bijaksanaan hidup, sehingga seorang peserta didik dapat mengenali siapa dirinya, berikut peran sosial yang harus dilakukannya ditengah-tengah lingkungannya, sehingga pada akhirnya peserta didik dapat mengembangkan potensi dirinya dengan semaksimal mungkin, tanpa tercerabut dari lingkungan kulturalnya.
Peran Guru dalam Meningkatkan Budi Pekerti Anak Usia Dini di TK Negeri Pembina Limboto
Authors: Haseng Nadia , Munirah  
Published: November 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji mengenai peran guru dalam meningkatkan budi pekerti anak usia dini kelompok A di TK Negeri Pembina Limboto, dengan melihat beberapa peran, faktor pendukung dan penghambat, serta kendala dan solusi guru yang terdapat dalam proses pembelajaran yang ada di TK Negeri Pembina Limboto. Jenis penelitian ini merupakam penelitian kualitatif dengan melibatkan tiga orang guru yakni kepala sekoah, guru kelompok A1 dan guru kelompok A2. Teknik pengumpuan data berupa observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Kemudian data anaisis secara kualitatif dengan menggunakan reduksi data, display data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peran guru peran guru merupakan upaya dalam mengarahkan atau mendorong pada peserta didik dalam pembelajaran yang diajarkan sesuai kemampuan anak, sehingga dapat mengembangkan nilai-nilai tingkah laku anak yang dapat diterapkan pada kehidupan sehari-hari baik disekolah maupun lingkungan sekitarnya, maka dari itu sangat penting untuk meningkatkan budi pekerti anak sejak dini. Peningkatan budi pekerti untuk anak dilakukan dengan membiasakan anak untuk berperilaku dan bersikap sopan, disiplin, penanaman agama dan moral, bertanggung jawab, dan jujur. Adapun faktor-faktor yang menghambat budi pekerti anak usia dini adanya kurang perhatian dari orang tua serta faktor lingkungan sekitarnya, sedangkan pendukung guru dalam meningkatkan budi pekerti yaitu adanya dukungan dari orang dan kerjasama antara guru dan orang tua anak.
Language vs. Reality
Authors: Enfield N. J. 
Published: November 2022

A fascinating examination of how we are both played by language and made by language: the science underlying the bugs and features of humankind's greatest invention.
Language is said to be humankind's greatest accomplishment. But what is language actually good for? It performs poorly at representing reality. It is a constant source of distraction, misdirection, and overshadowing. In fact, N. J. Enfield notes, language is far better at persuasion than it is at objectively capturing the facts of experience. Language cannot create or change physical reality, but it can do the next best thing: reframe and invert our view of the world. In Language vs. Reality, Enfield explains why language is bad for scientists (who are bound by reality) but good for lawyers (who want to win their cases), why it can be dangerous when it falls into the wrong hands, and why it deserves our deepest respect.
Enfield offers a lively exploration of the science underlying the bugs and features of language. He examines the tenuous relationship between language and reality; details the array of effects language has on our memory, attention, and reasoning; and describes how these varied effects power narratives and storytelling as well as political spin and conspiracy theories. Why should we care what language is good for? Enfield, who has spent twenty years at the cutting edge of language research, argues that understanding how language works is crucial to tackling our most pressing challenges, including human cognitive bias, media spin, the “post-truth” problem, persuasion, the role of words in our thinking, and much more.
Monsoon Economies
Authors: Roy Tirthankar 
Published: November 2022

How interventions to mitigate climate-caused poverty and inequality in India came at a cost to environmental sustainability.
In the monsoon regions of South Asia, the rainy season sustains life but brings with it the threat of floods, followed by a long stretch of the year when little gainful work is possible and the threat of famine looms. Beginning in the late nineteenth century, a series of interventions by Indian governments and other actors mitigated these conditions, enabling agricultural growth, encouraging urbanization, and bringing about a permanent decrease in death rates. But these actions—largely efforts to ensure wider access to water—came at a cost to environmental sustainability. In Monsoon Economies, Tirthankar Roy explores the interaction between the environment and the economy in the emergence of modern India.
Roy argues that the tropical monsoon climate makes economic and population growth contingent on water security. But in a water-scarce world, the means used to increase water security not only created environmental stresses but also made political conflict more likely. Roy investigates famine relief, the framing of a seasonal “water famine,” and the concept of public trust in water; the political movements that challenged socially sanctioned forms of deprivation; water as a public good; water quality in cities; the shift from impounding river water in dams and reservoirs to exploring groundwater; the seasonality of a monsoon economy; and economic lessons from India for a world facing environmental degradation.
Transforming Nuclear Safeguards Culture
Authors: Findlay Trevor 
Published: November 2022

The role of organizational culture in international efforts to stop the spread of nuclear weapons.
In Transforming Nuclear Safeguards Culture, Trevor Findlay investigates the role that organizational culture may play in preventing the spread of nuclear weapons, examining particularly how it affects the nuclear safeguards system of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), the paramount global organization in the non-proliferation field. Findlay seeks to identify how organizational culture may have contributed to the IAEA's failure to detect Iraq's attempts to acquire illicit nuclear capabilities in the decade prior to the 1990 Gulf War and how the agency has sought to change safeguards culture since then. In doing so, he addresses an important piece of the nuclear nonproliferation puzzle: how to ensure that a robust international safeguards system, in perpetuity, might keep non-nuclear states from acquiring such weapons.
Findlay, as one of the leading scholars on the IAEA, brings a valuable holistic perspective to his analysis of the agency's culture. Transforming Nuclear Safeguards Culture will inspire debate about the role of organizational culture in a key international organization—a culture that its member states, leadership, and staff have often sought to ignore or downplay.
Intestinal Helminthiases among School Children in the Sahelian and Sudanian Zones of Chad: Prevalence and Risk Factors
Authors: Samafou Kemba , Jacques Nack , Gaël Oyono Martin , Alio Hamit Mahamat , Félix Bilong Bilong Charles 
Published: November 2022

Aims: The objective of this study was to determine the epidemiological profile of intestinal helminthiases in school children in the Sahelian and Sudanian zones of Chad.
Study Design: Cross-sectional and descriptive.
Place and Duration of Study: September 2021 to February 2022 in two of Chad's three ecological zones: the Sudanian and Sahelian zones.
Methodology: A total of 1408 stool samples were collected from school children (aged from 5 to 18 years) in 19 schools; 13 of which were in the Sudanian zone and 6 in the Sahelian zone. The analysis of these samples was carried out by the Kato-Katz method, for the detection and quantification of intestinal helminths eggs.
Results: Analysis of these samples revealed the presence of 9 helminths taxa, with an overall infestation rate of 35.87% in both zones. Ascaris lumbricoides (16.41%), Schistosoma mansoni (14.00%) and Hymenolepis nana (6.53%) were the most common helminths found. Pupils in the Sudanian zone were relatively more infested than those in the Sahelian zone, except for Taenia saginata and Ascaris lumbricoides which were more often found in the Sahelian zone. With the exception of Enterobius vermicularis, no other difference in infestation rates was observed between age groups. By gender, the only significant difference in infestation rates was noted for Schistosoma mansoni for which girls were more parasitized.
Conclusion: This study showed a high prevalence of these parasitoses in Chad and that poor hygiene favors the endemicity and persistence of these helminthiases; it also points to the need for a national helminthiases control program.