bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Radiomic features derived from [18F]FET or [18F]GE-180 PET images of gliomas – does feature harmonization facilitate data pooling?
Authors: Zounek Adrian Jun , Albert Nathalie Lisa , Holzgreve Adrien , Unterrainer Marcus , Brosch-Lenz Julia , Lindner Simon , Bollenbacher Andreas , Boening Guido , Rupprecht Rainer , Brendel Matthias , von Baumgarten Louisa , Tonn Joerg-Christian , Bartenstein Peter , Ziegler Sibylle , Kaiser Lena 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Large datasets are required to ensure reliable non-invasive glioma assessment with radiomics-based machine learning methods. This can often only be achieved by pooling images from different centers. Moreover, trained models should perform with high accuracy when applied to data from different centers. In this study, the impact of reconstruction settings and segmentation methods on radiomic features derived from amino acid and TSPO PET images of glioma patients was examined. Additionally, the ability to model and thus reduce feature differences was investigated. [18F]FET and [18F]GE-180 PET data were acquired from 19 glioma patients. For each acquisition, 10 reconstruction settings and 9 segmentation methods were included to emulate multicentric data. Statistical robustness measures were calculated before and after ComBat harmonization. Differences between features due to setting variations were assessed using Friedman test, coefficient of variation (CV) and inter-rater reliability measures, including intraclass and Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients and Fleiss’ Kappa.Results: According to Friedman analyses, most features (> 60%) showed significant differences. Yet, CV and inter-rater reliability measures indicated higher robustness. ComBat resulted in almost complete harmonization (> 87%) according to Friedman test and little to no improvement according to CV and inter-rater reliability measures. [18F]GE-180 features displayed higher sensitivity to reconstruction settings than [18F]FET features.Conclusions: According to Friedman test, feature distributions could be successfully aligned using ComBat. However, depending on settings, changes in patient ranks were observed for some features and could not be eliminated by harmonization. Thus, for clinical utilization it is recommended to exclude affected features.
Protein disulfide isomerase blocks the interaction of LC3Ⅱ-PHB2 and promotes mTOR signaling to regulate autophagy and radio/chemo-sensitivity
Authors: Wang Ruru , Shang Yajing , Chen Bin , Xu Feng , Zhang Jie , Zhang Zhaoyang , Zhao Xipeng , Wan Xiang-bo , Xu An , Wu Lijun , Zhao Guoping 
Published: August 2022

AbstractProtein disulfide isomerase (PDI) is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) enzyme that mediates the formation of disulfide bonds, and is also a therapeutic target for cancer treatment. Our previous studies found that PDI mediates apoptotic signaling by inducing mitochondrial dysfunction. Considering that mitochondrial dysfunction is a major contributor to autophagy, how PDI regulates autophagy remains unclear. Here, we provide evidence that high expression of PDI in colorectal cancer (CRC) tumors significantly increases the risk of metastasis and poor prognosis of cancer patients. PDI inhibits radio/chemo-induced cell death by regulating autophagy signaling. Mechanistically, the combination of PDI and GRP78 was enhanced after endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS), which inhibits the degradation of AKT by GRP78, and eventually activates the mTOR pathway to inhibit autophagy initiation. In parallel, PDI can directly interact with the mitophagy receptor PHB2 in mitochondrial, then competitively blocks the binding of LC3Ⅱ and PHB2 and inhibits the mitophagy signaling. Collectively, our results identify PDI can reduce radio/chemo-sensitivity by regulating autophagy, which provides credence to screening for PDI to guide therapeutic decisions.
Numerical evidence for a small-scale dynamo approaching solar magnetic Prandtl numbers
Authors: Warnecke Jörn , Käpylä Maarit , Gent Frederick , Rheinhardt Matthias 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Magnetic fields on small scales are ubiquitous in the universe. Though they can often be observed in detail, their generation mechanisms are not fully understood. One possibility is the so-called small-scale dynamo (SSD). Prevailing numerical evidence, however, appears to indicate that an SSD is unlikely to exist at very low magnetic Prandtl numbers (PrM) such as are present in the Sun and other cool stars. We have performed high-resolution simulations of isothermal forced turbulence employing the lowest PrM values ever achieved. Contrary to earlier findings, the SSD turns out to be not only possible for PrM down to 0.0031, but to become even increasingly easier to excite for PrM below ≈0.05. We relate this behaviour to the known hydrodynamic phenomenon, referred to as the bottleneck effect. Extrapolating our results to solar values of PrM indicates that an SSD would be possible under such conditions.
Safety and Tolerability Study of Sotrovimab (VIR-7831) Prophylaxis Against COVID-19 Infection in Immunocompromised Individuals with Impaired SARS-CoV-2 Humoral Immunity
Authors: Gonzalez-Bocco Isabel H , Beluch Katherine , Cho Alyssa , Unger-Mochrie Gillian M , Lahoud Chloe , Reyes Fabiola A , Moshovitis Dimitrios G , Wang Wei , Hammond Sarah P , Manne-Goehler Jennifer , Koo Sophia 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Since August 2021, multiple vaccines have been approved to prevent infection with SARS-CoV-2; however, 20-40 % of immunocompromised people fail to develop SARS-CoV-2 spike antibodies after COVID-19 vaccination and remain at an exceptionally high risk of infection and more severe illness than non-immunocompromised hosts. Sotrovimab (VIR-7831) is an engineered monoclonal antibody that targets a highly conserved epitope on the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein. It is neither renally excreted nor metabolized by P450 (CYP) enzymes; therefore, interactions with concomitant medications are unlikely, which is an important consideration for patients receiving multiple immunosuppressive medications. In this Phase II open-label safety and tolerability study protocol, we propose to evaluate the safety and tolerability of sotrovimab as pre-exposure prophylaxis for immunocompromised individuals.Methods: We will enroll a total of 93 eligible immunocompromised adults with a negative or low-positive (<50 U/mL) SARS-CoV-2 spike antibody. In Phase 1, the first 10 patients will participate in a lead-in pharmacokinetics (PK) cohort study to determine the optimal dosing interval between two sequential doses of sotrovimab. Phase 2 will expand this population to 50 participants to examine rates of infusion-related reactions (IRR) with a 30-minute 500mg sotrovimab IV infusion. Phase 3 will be an expansion cohort for further assessment of the safety and tolerability of sotrovimab in this patient population. In Phase 4, the first 10 patients receiving 2000mg IV of sotrovimab on the second sotrovimab infusion day (Treatment Day 2) will comprise a lead-in safety cohort that will inform the duration of observation following administration of the drug, with the observation period being reduced from two hours to one hour for the remaining study population if none of these patients have a grade 3-4 infusion-related reaction. The patients will be followed for safety and COVID-19 events for an additional 36 weeks after the second dose.Discussion: In a previous Phase III randomized, placebo-controlled pivotal trial, there were no significant differences in the prevalence of adverse events in patients receiving sotrovimab vs. placebo. Thus, we propose to study the safety and tolerability of sotrovimab (VIR-7831) prophylaxis against COVID-19 infection and evaluate its PK in immunocompromised individuals with impaired SARS-CoV-2 humoral immunity. We also aim to determine COVID-19 infections over the study period and self-reported quality of life measures over the course of the study.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05210101
Plant-soil interactions of an invasive plant species and its non-invading congener differ in soil from their original range
Authors: Florianová Anna , Hanzelková Věra , Drtinová Lucie , Pánková Hana , Cajthaml Tomáš , Münzbergová Zuzana 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare plant-soil feedback (PSF) of globally invasive Cirsium vulgare in its native range with its non-invading congener C. oleraceum. We assessed changes in soil nutrients and biota following soil conditioning by each species and compared performance of plants grown in self-conditioned and control soil, from which all, some or no biota was excluded. The invasive species depleted more nutrients than the non-invasive species and coped better with altered nutrient levels. The invasive species had higher seedling emergence which benefited from the presence of unconditioned (non-specific) microbes. Biomass of the invasive species increased less in presence of self-conditioned microbiota and decreased more in presence of self-conditioned larger-sized biota compared to unconditioned biota than biomass of the non-invasive species. The invasive species showed greater ability to decrease its root-shoot ratio in presence of harmful biota and thus reduce their negative effects on its performance.The results show that the invasive species is more limited by self-conditioned pathogens in the native range and benefits more from unconditioned mutualists, and thus may benefit more from loss of specialized soil biota in a secondary range. Our study highlights the utility of detailed PSF research in the native range of species for understanding the factors that regulate performance of invasive and non-invasive species in their native range, and for pinpointing the types of biota involved in their regulation and how this regulation changes across the plants life cycle.
Power Spectrum Inception of F2 Layer at Solar Terrestrial Region of Pakistan
Authors: Jan Bulbul , Afridi Faisal Ahmed Khan , Nawaz Faisal , Yousufzai Muhammad Ayub Khan , Ahmed Arsalan , Mehmood Faraz , Baig Mirza Jawwad 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In this study, we introduce a recent approach to implement the wavelet analysis of ionospheric parameters and anomaly detection during ionospheric irregularities over Pakistan. The most important aspect of the wavelet analysis is the timefrequency distribution representation of the signal. This study investigates the variability of ionospheric F2 layer and utilizes critical frequency (foF2) of F2 layer during the year 2008-2017 in Pakistan region. The results of this study identify the most important bands of low frequency variations, which are very relevant for study of periodicities measurements of F2 layer. Moreover, Morlet wavelet has revealed that generally the global wavelet power spectrum (GWPS) is the most prominent in the annual cycles. The multifaceted interactions of ionospheric fluctuations with different time scales, e.g. annual, biannual, become significant due to higher peaks appear during the periods 128-256, 256-512 and 512-1024 days in daily data sets. The wavelet trend revales a noticeablel power range between the 2–16 day bands, representing an annual fluctuation for daily observations of F2 layer. The low deviation in a frequency range highlights the existence of seasonality in the F2 layer during the study period. These results emphasize that foF2 observations exhibit irregular distrabances with non-stationary power at different frequencies.The study will be helpful for stakeholders and government authorities because high frequency sky-waves users schedule their programs one month in advance, but they also need day by day information about the ionospheric conditions in order to revise programs.
Pre-treatment with IL-6 potentiates β-cell death induced by pro-inflammatory cytokines
Authors: Oliveira Viviane Rosa , Paula Carolina Cavalcante , Ortis Fernanda 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Type I Diabetes mellitus (T1D) is characterized by a specific destruction of β-cells by the immune system. During this process pro-inflammatory cytokines are released in the pancreatic islets and contribute for β-cells demise. Cytokine-induced iNOS activation, via NF-B, is implicated in induction of β-cells death, which includes ER stress activation. Physical exercise has been used as an adjunct for better glycemic control in patients with T1D, since it is able to increase glucose uptake independent of insulin. Recently, it was observed that the release of IL-6 by skeletal muscle, during physical exercise, could prevent β-cells death induced by pro-inflammatory cytokines. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in this beneficial effect on β-cells are not yet completely elucidated. Our aim was to evaluate the effect of IL-6 on β-cells exposed to pro-inflammatory cytokines. Results: Pre-treatment with IL-6 sensitized INS-1E cells to cytokine-induced cell death, increasing cytokine-induced iNOS and Caspase-3 expression. Under these conditions, however, there was a decrease in cytokines-induced, p-eIF2-α and p-IRE1expression, proteins related to ER stress. To address if this prevention of adequate UPR response is involved in the increase in β-cells death markers induced by IL-6 pre-treatment, we used a chemical chaperone (TUDCA), which improves ER folding capacity. Use of TUDCA increased cytokines-induced Caspase-3 expression in the presence of IL-6 pre-treatment. However, there is no modulation of p-eIF2-α expression by TUDCA in this condition. Conclusion: Treatment with IL-6 alone is not beneficial for β-cells, leading to increased cell death markers and impaired UPR activation. In addition, TUDCA has not been able to restore ER homeostasis or improve β-cells viability under this condition, suggesting that other mechanisms may be involved.
The Asymmetric Correlation and Causality between the European Union Carbon Market and Fossil Energy Markets before and after COVID-19
Authors: Wang Shuo , Chen Xuesheng , Yuan Di , Yan Xiaodong 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This paper analyzes the correlation and causality between the European Union carbon emission allowance market and international fossil energy markets. Asymmetric correlation is examined using local Gaussian correlation and asymmetric causality is assessed using a quantile Granger causality test. Empirical results show that, after the COVID-19 outbreak, the EU carbon emission market is more correlated to the crude oil market, but it is less linked to the coal futures market. In contrast to the UK natural gas futures market, the EU carbon emission market shows contagion with the US natural gas market. During the COVID-19 pandemic, unidirectional causality from the EU carbon emission market to the fossil energy market has been becoming bidirectional.JEL classification: C22, I18, O13, O52, Q43
Aniline-naphthylamine copolymer as sorbent for needle trap device
Authors: Roostaie Ali , Haddad Reza , Mohammadiazar Sirwan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In current work, aniline-naphthylamine copolymers were prepared using electrochemical technique and then applied as a new sorbent for needle trap extraction of some volatile organic compounds from aqueous solution in headspace mode. The scanning electron microscopy and infrared spectrometry techniques were used to characterization of synthesized aniline-naphthylamine copolymers of aniline and naphthylamine. The results showed that aniline-naphthylamine copolymer compared to unmodified polymer, has higher porosity and non-uniform structures. The significant parameters of the sorbent preparation and extraction process such as the type and concentration of polymer, time and voltage of electrochemical deposition, the extraction time and temperatures and salt content were studied and optimized. The modified device is sensitive and fast providing good analytical parameters so that the detection limit of 0.9-2 ng L− 1 and the quantification limit of 3–7 ng L− 1 along with equilibrium time of 20 minutes were obtained. The linearity of method was obtained in the range of 15-1500 ng L− 1 with R2 > 0.9996. The method repeatability was considered at 50 ng L− 1 and relative standard deviations of 3–5% were obtained. To finish, the performance of proposed device was studied via the extraction of selected analytes in real water samples and the relative recovery values were found to be in the range of 94–102%, showing no matrix effect.
Construction of ceRNA network mediated by circRNAs screening from microarray and identification of novel biomarkers for myasthenia gravis
Authors: Kong Xiaotong , Wu Tao , Chen Zhimin , Cai Hanlu , Wang Yu , He Ping , Liu Peifang , Li Lei , Peng Shanshan , Tian Kuo , Wang Jianjian , Zhang Huixue , Wang Lihua 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background:
Recent studies have revealed that circRNA can serve as ceRNA to participate in the development of multiple autoimmune diseases. However, the ceRNA regulatory mechanism mediated by circRNA in myasthenia gravis is not yet investigated in detail. Our study aims to explore the key circRNA as ceRNA and biomarker for the progression of MG.
Methods:
We used circRNA microarray to explore DECs from MG compared with control. Then we predicted the target miRNA asscociated with DECs and screened miRNAs by the algorithm of random walk with restart. DECM network was constructed to present the relationship of miRNA and circRNA. Based on the miRNAs in DECM, we predicted the target genes from different database. Next, we constructed the circRNA-miRNA-mRNA ceRNA regulated network (CMMC) to identify the hub objects. Protein–protein interaction (PPI) network analysis and module analysis were performed using the genes from CMMC. The GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were carried out to analyze the function of the circRNA via targeting genes. Hypergeometric test was calculated to identify the significant circRNA-gene pairs. Following, we detected the expression of hub-circRNAs by RT-PCR.
Results:
5 up-regulated circRNAs and 16 down-regulated circRNAs were obtained from microarray. 16 circRNAs and 184 miRNAs were screening by RWR algorithm and used to construct DECM. Then, 16 DECs, 184 miRNAs and 127 genes were integrated to construct the CMMC network. Based on CMMC, we identified 5 hub circRNA (hsa_circ_0004183; hsa_circ_0089153; hsa_circ_0035381; hsa_circ_0046669 and hsa_circ_0048764). We found that the expression level of hsa_circ_0004183 and hsa_circ_0035381 were upregulated and hsa_circ_0089153 had the low expression level in MG compared with control. In the end, we considerd that hsa_circ_0004183 or hsa_circ_0089153 may play key roles in the occurence of MG through miR-145-5p/SMAD4 axis.
Conclusions:
We found that hsa_circ_0004183, hsa_circ_0035381 and hsa_circ_0089153 can be seen as the valuable potential novel biomarker for MG. hsa_circ_0004183 or hsa_circ_008915 may participate the pathology of MG via miR-145-5p/SMAD4 axis.
Contextualizing policy implementation, challenges, and plans for improving breast cancer early detection programs in Indonesia
Authors: Yuniar Popy , Kardinah Kardinah , Sinulingga Dian , Kartikawati Anggi , Sirait Lady , Widyastuti Widyastuti , Utomo Budi , Moorin Rachael , Norman Richard , Makate Marshall , Robinson Suzanne 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Late-stage breast cancer (BC) is commonly diagnosed in limited-resource countries such as Indonesia. The lack of information for decision-making emphasizes the need for efforts to support evidence-informed practice for improving BC early detection in Indonesia. This study attempts to understand the local context evidence on policy implementation, challenges, and plans for enhancing BC early detection programs in Indonesia. The evidence gained from this study will help harness the power of scientific reasoning that shapes theories of how BC early detection intervention works and its operationalization in practice.
Methods
This study engaged three interrelated phases of qualitative methods. Phase I involved a document analysis in determining the predominant strategy and approach to the landscape of BC early detection programs. Phase II was an in-depth interview to clarify the operationalization of the technical aspect, eliciting stakeholder experiences and their perceptions about the factors supporting or hindering goal achievement. In phase III, two consecutive collaborative expert workshops and a collaborative learning process nested with the Indonesia Project ECHO team for Knowledge Summaries for Comprehensive Breast Cancer Control.
Results
Current BC early detection strategies to downstage women's symptomatic breast abnormalities are considered an essential preparatory step before starting a screening program at the enhanced or maximal level of resources. However, the absence of an integrated cancer registry system renders it impossible to measure the full effect of the program implementation as a public health policy. Emphasis on improving structural barriers during the follow-up of abnormalities, patient navigation for referrals, and a surveillance system to track the times from presentation to diagnosis and diagnosis to treatment is needed for Indonesia's early detection services continuum.
Conclusion
The local context presented in this research increased the usability and usefulness of relevant evidence for decision-makers, thus bridging the gap in translating research findings into healthcare practice for BC early detection in Indonesia. Importantly, attention to providing a clear national guideline, developing a highly interoperable screening registry system, and ensuring the sustainability of pilot sites on mammography screening is critical to the success of expected outcomes.
Comparison of a human acellular dermal matrix and a polypropylene mesh for pelvic floor reconstruction: a randomized trial study in a rabbit model
Authors: Peró Marta , Castells-Sala Cristina , Alserawan Leticia , Casani Laura , Babot Josep Oriol Juan , Jorba Ignasi , Pérez Maria Luisa , Moga Esther , Otero Jorge , López-Chicón Patricia , Badimon Lina , Serrat Anna Vilarrodona , Roda Oriol Porta 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Non-absorbable polypropylene (PP) meshes have been widely used in surgical reconstruction of the pelvic floor disorders. However, they are associated with serious complications. Human acellular dermal matrices (hADM) have demonstrated safety and efficacy in reconstructive medicine, but their suitability and efficacy at vaginal level is not known. This study compares the biological performance of PP mesh and a newly developed hADM. 20 rabbits were randomized to receive the hADM graft or the PP mesh. Grafts were surgically implanted in the abdominal wall and vagina. After 180 days, grafts were explanted and evaluated. The vaginal mesh extrusion rate was higher in the PP group (33% vs 0%, p = 0.015). Full integration of the vaginal grafts was more frequent in the hADM group, where 35% of the grafts were difficult to recognize. In the PP group, the vaginal mesh was identified in 100% of the animals (p = 0.014). In PP group, the infiltrates had a focal distribution and were mostly located in the internal part of the epithelium, while in the hADM group, the infiltrates had a diffuse distribution. Additionally, the hADM group also presented more B-lymphocytes and less T-lymphocytes. Biomechanical analysis showed that hADM had lower resistance to stress. Moreover, PP mesh stiffness and elasticity were higher. Then, hADM is associated with fewer clinical complications, as well as better tissue integration. However, it shows greater incorporation into the surrounding native tissue, especially in the vaginal location, undergoing a reduction in its biomechanical properties 6 months after implantation.