bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PULSE PRESSURE AND HEART RATE LEVEL DO NOT INFLUENCE THE ACCURACY OF HEART RATE MEASUREMENT WITH AN OSCILLOMETRIC DEVICE
Authors: Palatini Paolo , Fania Claudio , Saladini Francesca 
Published: June 2022

Objective:
Little information is available on the accuracy of oscillometric devices for the measurement of heart rate (HR) and on whether the device performance may depend on the level of pulse pressure or HR. Our aim was to determine whether these variables can influence the accuracy of an oscillometric device for the measurement of HR during rest and exercise.

Design and method:
The Microlife WatchBPO3 was tested in 36 subjects from the general population (mean age, 72.9 years; 18 men). HR was measured at rest and during stress testing on a cycle ergometer in order to increase HR by 15% or more. Pulse detection started during the deflation phase a few pulses before the systolic point and ended a few pulses after the diastolic point. Thus, the number of pulse intervals used to measure HR differed from subject to subject in relation to the level of pulse pressure and HR. The device HR was compared with HR measured by pulse palpation in triplicate by two observers.

Results:
The mean device–observer HR difference was 0.9 ± 2.1 bpm at rest and 0.6 ± 2.6 bpm during exercise (mean ± DS HR increase, 20.3 ± 3.5%). The number of pulse intervals taken into account ranged from 14 to 28 at rest (mean ± DS, 20.4 ± 3.5) and from 16 to 35 during exercise (mean ± DS, 23.0 ± 4.1) and was correlated to pulse pressure and HR (p < 0.0001 for both rest and exercise). A close correlation was found between HR measured by the observers and the device at rest (r = 0.978) and during exercise (r = 0.973). Kappa statistics showed a very good agreement between device and observers both at rest (kappa scores, 0.82–0.88) and during exercise (kappa scores, 0.81 and 0.86 for the two exercise steps). The device-observer HR differences at rest and during exercise were all within 6 bpm and were unrelated to the level of HR (p> = 0.12) and pulse pressure (p> = 0.84).

Conclusions:
The present study shows that the oscillometric device Microlife WatchBP O3 is able to provide reliable HR measurements during rest and mild exercise. The device performance was not influenced by the level of pulse pressure or HR.
COMPARISON OF AMBULATORY AND HOME BLOOD PRESSURE TELEMONITORING WITH PHYSICAL INACTIVITY MONITORING
Authors: Muzik Jan , Peleska Jan , Holubova Anna , Camek Rene , Navratil Vojtech , Fiala Dominik , Doksansky Marek , Hana Karel , Vranka Jakub , Hronova Julie , Chrolenko Anna , Jiravova Maria , Dolezil David , Jizofova Marie 
Published: June 2022

Objective:
Combined use of office BP (OBP) and out-of-office BP evaluation (ABPM or HBPM) is recommended according to recent guidelines. Aim of the study was to compare the results of BP measurement (BPM) by these methods while improving reliability of HBPTM by the physical activity monitoring.

Design and method:
BP monitor For a P30Plus was used both for office BP and 3 months home BP telemonitoring (HBPTM) study in triplets on each occasion. Frequency of ABPM (SEIVA TonoTrack) measurement was 15 min during day and 30 min during night. Patients were given preconfigured sets for HBPTM containing For a P30Plus, mobile phone and Xiaomi MiBand 2 smart wristband. 144 treated essential hypertensives aged 24–85 years, 60% males, were referred by their physicians as well controlled. Their therapy was not changed during this study. BP and HR values were accessible to patients and their physicians on a secured server. The demanded 5 minutes of physical inactivity before and during BPM were checked in informed patients by smart wristbands to increase the reliability of HBPTM. Undesired physical activity before and during BP measuring process was shown as the footmark symbol near to BP value in HBPTM logbook. Data were evaluated using a linear mixed model adjusted for gender, age, and BMI.

Results:
There was no significant difference in mean systolic BP (SBP) of both HBPT week cycle (132.6 ± 10.6 vs. 131.3 ± 9.9 mmHg) and daytime ABPM (135.8 ± 11.5 vs. 134.0 ± 10.6 mmHg) during the time period, respectively. Mean SBP of daytime ABPM was significantly higher (p < 0.001) compared to mean SBP of HBPTM both at entry (135.8 ± 11.5 vs. 132.6 ± 10.6 mmHg) and exit (134.0 ± 10.6 vs. 131.3 ± 9.9 mmHg).

Conclusions:
Mean SBP of both HBPTM and daytime ABPM were consistent during the study. Daytime ABPM was consistently significantly higher by approximately 3 mmHg compared to HBPTM with the checked 5 min rest before BPM by smart wristbands. Our results suggest, that both methods are comparable.
DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS AFFECTING NOCTURNAL BLOOD PRESSURE VARIABILITY IN THE GENERAL POPULATION: RESULTS OF A LARGE DIGITAL STUDY USING AN OPTICAL BLOOD PRESSURE MONITOR
Authors: Perruchoud David , Cortes Meritxell , Sola Josep , Lobo Melvin D. , Wuerzner Gregoire , Fisher Naomi D.L. 
Published: June 2022

Objective:
The association between blood pressure variability (BPV) and increased cardiovascular risk is complex, and robust analyses have been limited by methodologic and statistical challenges. Short-term BVP has generally been assessed by ambulatory monitoring, and longer-term by repeated office measures. Recent advancements in optical sensors providing frequent and non-disruptive BP readings around the clock allow first characterization of night-to-night nocturnal BPV in a large population.

Design and method:
We nalysed 210’000 nocturnal systolic and diastolic BP (SBP, DBP) readings from 1’538 adults who wore the CE-marked Aktiia BP monitor for two weeks between April and November 2021 in Europe: mean age 56 ± 11 years, BMI 27 ± 5 Kg/m2, SBP 132 ± 14 mmHg, DBP 82 ± 10 mmHg; 15% females. For each user, we studied the variability of nocturnal BP over two weeks: we first averaged all BP readings from each night (midnight to 6am), and then calculated the standard deviation of the averaged values across nights. We finally adjusted a multivariate logistic regression to identify factors associated with high or low nocturnal BPV (defined as BPV above or below the mean of our population) based on gender, age, body mass index (BMI), and daytime home BP (measured twice by an upper-arm oscillometric cuff on day one of the monitoring period). This analysis was performed for both systolic and diastolic BPV.

Results:
High nocturnal systolic BPV was more likely in males (OR 1.37, CI:1.02–1.83, p = 0.035), and subjects younger than 55 years (OR 1.51, CI:1.23–1.86, p < 0.001). High nocturnal diastolic BPV was more likely in females (OR 1.63, CI:1.23–2.16, p = 0.001), and subjects with a BMI below 30 kg/m2 (OR 1.71, CI:1.32–2.20, p < 0.001). Daytime upper-arm cuff BP (systolic > = 135mmHg or diastolic > = 85mmHg) did not show a statistically significant effect in either of the two models (all p> 0.2).

Conclusions:
This digital investigation showed greater night-to-night variability of nocturnal systolic BP in male and young subjects, and greater variability of nocturnal diastolic BP in females and non-obese subjects. The large-scale deployment of wearable medical devices that continuously record BP enables observations that may help elucidate adverse cardiovascular risk profiles in the general population.
ASSOCIATION OF INTER-ARM SYSTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE DIFFERENCES WITH ARTERIOSCLEROSIS AND ATHEROSCLEROSIS: A COHORT STUDY OF 117,407 PEOPLE
Authors: Lee Seung-Jae , Kang Jeonggyu , Lee Jong Young , Sung Ki-Chul 
Published: June 2022

Objective:
Inter-arm blood pressure differences (IADs) are known to be associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes. We evaluated the distribution of IADs in a large cohort of apparently healthy people and the association of IADs with brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) and coronary artery calcium (CAC).
Methods: Blood pressure was measured in both arms of 117,407 people who participated in the Kangbuk Samsung Health Study. IAD was defined as the absolute difference in systolic blood pressure in both arms and was confirmed by measuring the baPWV using an automatic oscillometric device. Arterial stiffness was measured by the baPWV, and CAC was assessed using multi-detector computed tomography.

Design and method:
Blood pressure was measured in both arms of 117,407 people who participated in the Kangbuk Samsung Health Study. IAD was defined as the absolute difference in systolic blood pressure in both arms and was confirmed by measuring the baPWV using an automatic oscillometric device. Arterial stiffness was measured by the baPWV, and CAC was assessed using multi-detector computed tomography.

Results:
The mean IAD in the overall subjects was 3.09 ± 2.83 mmHg, 6 mmHg in the 90th percentile, 8 mmHg in the 95th percentile, and 10 mmHg in the 97th percentile. In the multivariable-adjusted analysis of 92,949 subjects excluding those with a history of HTN, DM, and cardiovascular disease (CVD), increasing IAD did not statistically increase the risk of developing a CAC > 0. However, IAD was associated with a baPWV of > 1,400 cm/s (odds ratio [95% confidence interval], 1.23 [1.13–1.35] in the total cohort, 1.19 [1.08–1.31] in males, and 1.39 [1.11–1.73] in females).

Conclusions:
More than 97% of all participants had an IAD of 10 mmHg or less. IAD was significantly associated with arterial stiffness, reflecting arteriosclerosis, but not the presence of CAC, reflecting atherosclerosis. IAD may be a valuable tool for the early detection of asymptomatic, low-risk individuals with subclinical arterial disease.
CYCLOOXYGENASE-2 INHIBITION AS A NEW TOOL TO COMBAT ANGIOGENESIS INHIBITOR-INDUCED HYPERTENSION AND RENAL TOXICITY
Authors: Van Dorst Daan , Colafella Katrina Mirabito , Van Doorn Leni , Van Veghel Richard , Garrelds Ingrid , Mathijssen Ron , Danser Jan , Versmissen Jorie 
Published: June 2022

Objective:
Angiogenesis inhibitors are effective anti-cancer agents, but also cause hypertension and renal injury. Earlier, we observed in rats that high-dose aspirin (capable of blocking cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 and -2) prevented these side effects better than low-dose aspirin (blocking COX-1 only). Therefore, we hypothesized that selective COX-2 inhibition would prevent toxicity during angiogenesis inhibition, and that this toxicity involves a reduced ratio of vasodilator/constrictor COX-derived prostanoids, i.e., prostacyclin (PGI2) and thromboxane (TXA2).

Design and method:
Male WKY rats received vehicle, angiogenesis inhibition (sunitinib (SU), 14 mg/kg/day) alone or combined with COX-2 inhibition (celecoxib, 10 mg/kg/day), a PGI2 analogue (iloprost 100 mcg/kg/day), or a dual TXA2 synthase/receptor antagonist (picotamide, 2.5 mg/kg/day) for 8 days (n = 7–8/group). Mean arterial pressure (MAP) was measured via radiotelemetry, vascular function was assessed via wire myography, and biochemical measurements were performed by ELISA.

Results:
SU induced a rapid increase in MAP (16 ± 2 vs. 3 ± 1 mmHg after vehicle on day 6, P < 0.001), which was blunted by celecoxib (10 ± 2 mmHg on day 6, P = 0.06 versus SU), temporarily attenuated by iloprost (on treatment days 1–2) and unaffected by picotamide. Wire myography demonstrated a trend towards increased vasoconstrictor response to endothelin-1 in iliac arteries after SU, which was prevented by celecoxib (P < 0.001). SU increased albuminuria (0.6 ± 0.1 vs. 0.3 ± 0.1 mg/24 h after vehicle; P < 0.001), and this was prevented by celecoxib only (0.4 ± 0.1 mg/24 h, P = 0.01 vs. SU). SU increased the PGI2/TXA2 ratio in both plasma (3.0 ± 1.1 vs. 0.6 ± 0.2 after vehicle, P = 0.02) and urine (23 ± 2.1 vs. 0.9 ± 0.2 after vehicle, P < 0.0001).

Conclusions:
In conclusion, selective COX-2 inhibition combats angiogenesis inhibitor-induced hypertension and renal toxicity. SU paradoxically increases the PGI2/TXA2 ratio, particularly in the kidney. Although this upregulation might initially be protective, it could eventually contribute to renal toxicity, most likely because PGI2 exerts deleterious effects in excessive concentrations. Targeting excessive renal PGI2 production might be another promising strategy to prevent renal toxicity during angiogenesis inhibition.
RHO KINASE BLOCKADE ALLEVIATE BLOOD PRESSURE ELEVATION AND INHIBIT VASCULAR REMODELING IN APATINIB-INDUCED HYPERTENSION TO BE CONFERMED
Authors: Li Caie , Wang Qiongying , Ma Liping , Wang Wenjuan , Yu Jing 
Published: June 2022

Objective:
Hypertension is one of the major adverse effects of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) targeting vascular endothelial growth factors. However, the mechanism underlying TKIs-induced hypertension remains unclear. Here, we evaluated BP responses at different doses of apatinib, a TKI used for anti-tumor therapy, in normotensive Wistar–Kyoto rats. Furthermore, we explored the role of the RhoA/Rho kinase (ROCK) emodellin pathway in elevation of blood pressure (BP) induced by apatinib, a selective TKI approved in China for treatment of advanced or metastatic gastric cancer. A non-specific ROCK inhibitor, Y27632, was then combined with apatinib and its efficacy in alleviating apatinib-induced hypertension was evaluated.

Design and method:
Normotensive female Wistar–Kyoto rats were exposed to two different doses of apatinib, or apatinib combined with Y27632, or vehicle for two weeks. BP was monitored by a tail-cuff plethysmography system. The mRNA levels and protein expression in the RhoA/ROCK pathway were determined, and vascular emodelling assessed.

Results:
Administration of either a high or low dose of apatinib was associated with a rapid rise in BP, reaching a plateau after 12 days. Apatinib treatment mediated upregulation of RhoA and ROCK 2 in the mid-aorta, more significant in the high dose group. However, ROCK1 expression showed no statistically significant differences. Furthermore, the mRNA level of GRAF3 decreased dose-dependently. Apatinib administration was also associated with decreased levels of MLCP, and elevated endothelin-1 (ET-1) and collagen 1, which was accompanied with increased mid-aortic media. However, treatment with Y27632 attenuated the above changes.

Conclusions:
Results of the present study indicated that apatinib treatment increased BP and promoted vascular emodelling by activating the RhoA/ROCK emodellin pathway. However, Y27632, a non-specific ROCK inhibitor, reversed apatinib-induced increase in BP and vascular emodelling. Therefore, RhoA/ROCK activation could be the underlying mechanism of apatinib-induced hypertension, while ROCK inhibitors could be potential therapeutic drugs.
HYPERTENSION AND COMORBIDITY AS MACE DEVELOPMENT RISK FACTORS IN THE EAST EUROPEAN REGION
Authors: Surunovich Julia , Podpalov Vladislav 
Published: June 2022

Objective:
To identify the impact of Hypertension and comorbidity on the MACE development in the East European Region

Design and method:
In 2007/2008- 2012/2013 5-year prospective analysis was conducted. Evaluating cardiovascular risk factors with standard questionnaires, measurements of blood pressure, electrocardiography, blood chemistry (serum C-reactively protein, uric acid and cholesterol data) were included in the survey. In 5 years we registered new cases of MACE in the Belarusian population.

Results:
70 new cases of MACE were developed in population of 3427 persons during 5-years survey. According to one-variable regression the MACE development was independently associated with the following risk factors adjusted for age and sex: COPD (p < 0.01), HF (p < 0.001), edema (p < 0.01), angina pectoris (p < 0.01), hypertension (p < 0.01), intermittent claudication (p < 0.05), low HDL-C level < 1.08 mmol/l, triglycerides level > 1.87 mmol/l (p < 0.05), myocardial infarction (p < 0.05), low physical activity (p < 0.1), family history of premature cardiovascular disease (p < 0.1). After including these parameters in multifactorial regression analysis and deriving the final model of MACE development (df = 1; x2 Walda = 32.2; p < 0.001) hypertension (p < 0.05), COPD (p < 0,01),HF (p < 0.01), low HDL-C level (<1.08 mmol / l) were significantly associatied with MACE development.

Conclusions:
Hypertension and comorbidity particularly dyslipidemia, COPD, HF are significant risk factors associated with MACE development in The East European Region.
SEVERE HYPERTRIGLYCERIDEMIA, THE REALITY OF A UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL
Authors: Laranjeira Francisco Soares , Raimundo Anabela , Horta Alexandra Bayão 
Published: June 2022

Objective:
Severe hypertriglyceridemia (SHTG) is defined as a serum triglyceride (TG) level > 1000 mg/dL. It is a rare condition associated with serious complications, such as acute pancreatitis (AP). A paucity of published data exists evaluating management and outcome in SHTG. So, the best treatment is still a matter of discussion. The aim of this study is to outline the demographics, management and outcome (reoccurrence and mortality) in all patients with SHTG treated at a University hospital.

Design and method:
A retrospective, observational and analytical study was carried out, through the collection of data from the clinical files of patients with SHTG admitted to the Internal and Intensive Medicine Department between 1 January 2009 and 31 December 2020, in a level III hospital. Data were nalysed using the IBM SPSSstatistics program.

Results:
The sample included 17 patients. The most common complication was AP (70.6%), followed by decompensated diabetes mellitus (DM). 84.2% required admission to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Concerning the metabolic profile: 94% were overweight; 52.9% had previous dyslipidemia; 47.1% arterial hypertension and 52.9% type 2 DM. Among patients with AP, the most common therapies instituted were insulin (82.4%) and fibrates (76.5%). 58.8% required plasmapheresis, and a single session allowed, on average, a reduction of 56.8% in the value of TGs. The criteria for implementation were mainly clinical and laboratory, including lactic acidosis (58.8%) and renal dysfunction (23.5%). There were no deaths, the readmission rate was 36.3%, all due to AP.

Conclusions:
This study shows the morbidity associated with SHTG, with a high level of admissions to the ICU and performance of plasmapheresis. This allowed a significant reduction in TG values, with the clinical severity being the main criteria for its initiation. In our population, this approach was effective, and should be highlighted, as there are no clear international guidelines on this area. Our data do not allow us to distinguish between patients with familial chylomicronemia syndrome or with multifactorial chylomicronemia. The recent appearance of specific therapy for LPL genetic deficit makes it important, and in the future the genetic study should be considered.
ROLE OF ESTIMATING PULSE WAVE VELOCITY IN COMMUNITY PHARMACIES IN SPAIN COMPARED TO SCORE
Authors: Rodilla Enrique , Adell Manuel , Vicente Baixauli , Otón Bellver , Lidón Castillo , Santiago Centelles , Edelmira Córcoles , Rosario Hernández , Sara Martínez , Zeneida Perseguer , Rosa Prats , Javier Reig , Desiré Ruiz , Fanny Ruiz , Luis Salar , José-Antonio Costa , José Chordá , Ana Gómez , Andrea Mendizábal , Teresa Climent María 
Published: June 2022

Objective:
European Guidelines clearly state the need to estimate cardiovascular (CV) risk using tables validated for this purpose. However, they also recommend assessing subclinical organ damage to improve stratification, since target organ lesions, such as arterial stiffness, estimated by brachial oscillometry, have an independent and additional prognostic value. Previous studies have shown that Community Pharmacies are able to correctly measure arterial stiffness.The objective of this study is to assess whether the estimation of arterial stiffness can improve CV risk stratification according to SCORE in Community Pharmacies.

Design and method:
This is an observational prospective epidemiological study in which everyone who enters the participating Community Pharmacies will be offered a voluntary measurement of blood pressure and arterial stiffness to compare the stratification of their CV risk according to SCORE with or without considering pulse wave velocity. The expected duration of the study is 12 months.

Results:
In the first month of recruitment, data from 275 patients (173 women, 102 men) were collected. Five of 39 (12.8%) patients under 40 years of age and 42 of 109 (38.5%) over 65 years of age presented pathological stiffness and could be classified as high risk even though being out of the age-range of SCORE. Of the 133 (48.4%) who were capable of calculating SCORE, the cholesterol value was available only in 69 patients (51.9%). Among them, according to SCORE, 18 patients (26.0%) were at low risk, 50 (72.5%) at moderate risk and only 1 (1.5%) at high risk, while 28 patients (21.1%) presented pathological arterial stiffness.

Conclusions:
Almost half of the people who randomly enter a community pharmacy had ages that make it impossible to calculate the CV risk by SCORE. Among them, arterial damage was detected in a third. Of the other half, one in five presented arterial damage and, therefore, high CV risk, when SCORE only detected it in a single patient. Therefore, estimating arterial stiffness in community pharmacies markedly improves detection of high CV risk compared to SCORE.
CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE RISK PREDICTION IN EASTERN EUROPE ACCORDING TO 5-YEARS PROSPECTIVE STUDY
Authors: Podpalov Vladislav , Zhurova Olga , Podpalova Olga , Surunovich Juliya 
Published: June 2022

Objective:
The aim of the study was to identify the most significant risk factors for cardiovascular diseases in Eastern European.

Design and method:
We conducted 5-years prospective andomised study of 3,500 individuals of the Belarusian population living in a district of Vitebsk in 2007/2008 (coverage of the survey was 97.9%), 2010/2011 (coverage of the survey was 77.8%) and 2012/2013 (coverage of the survey was 84.3%). The survey included standard questionnaires for detection of cardiovascular risk factors, measurements of blood pressure, electrocardiography, blood chemistry (serum CRP, uric acid and cholesterol data). In 5 years we registered new cases of hypertension, myocardial infarction, stroke and death from cardiovascular diseases in the studied population.

Results:
According to multifactorial regression analysis the risk factors for hypertension development included in the final model (df = 10; 2 Walda = 422,98; p < 0,001) were traditional risk factors, such as age (p < 0,001), sex (p < 0,23), high systolic blood pressure (>120 mmHg) (p < 0,001), high body mass index (>25,7 kg/m2) (p < 0,001), alcohol abuse (p < 0,01), heart rate (>70 beats/min) (p < 0,01), hereditary burden of stroke (p < 0,05) and new risk factors - high uric acid level (>338 mol/l) (p < 0,001), and high level of amount of ECG peaks SV1+RV5–V6 (>25 mm) (p < 0,001). The risk factors for the development of new cases of myocardial infarction, stroke and death from cardiovascular diseases included in the final model (df = 1; 2Walda = 32,2; p < 0,001) were age (p < 0,001), sex (p < 0,001), heart failure (p < 0,01), hypertension (p < 0,05), edema (p < 0,05) as well as low HDL (<1,08 mmol/l) (p < 0,01) and comorbidity, especially COPD (p < 0,01). The special role of COPD can be explained by the high prevalence of smoking in the Belarusian population (men - 60.6%, women - 13.8% (p < 0,001)).

Conclusions:
In the Belarusian population as well as traditional risk factors for cardiovascular diseases and cardiovascular death new risk factors, such as high uric acid level, high level of amount of ECG peaks SV1+RV5–V6, low HDL cholesterol and COPD, were established.