bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Black Cumin Extract (Nigella sativa Linn.) on Closure Time of Incision Wound in Swiss Webster Mice
Authors: Febrianto Verent , Bulan Susanti , Lesmana Dian 
Published: March 2022

Abstract: Incision wounds in dentistry can be caused by several procedures inter alia incision of abscess, odontectomy, extraoral incision, parotidectomy, and others. Certain drugs are needed to accelerate wound healing and prevent infection. Generally, anti-inflammatory drugs such as steroids and non-steroids are given to accelerate wound healing. Herbal remedies such as black cumin extract can also be an alternative to be applied topically. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of black cumin extract on closure time of incision wound on the back of male Swiss Webster mice. This was a laboratory and experimental study. Subjects were 36 Swiss Webster mice divided into two groups. Incision wounds were performed on the back of each subjects. Group I was not given any treatment meanwhile group II was treated with topical application of black cumin extract. The Mann Whitney test showed that the mean wound closure time of group II was 9.7 days, meanwhile of group I was 12.7 days (p=0.0000855). In conclusion, there was a significant effect of black cumin extract on the closure time of the incision wound on the back of Swiss Webster mice which resulted in the fastest complete wound closure on the 8th day.Keywords: black cumin extract; wound closure time Abstrak: Luka insisi dalam bidang kedokteran gigi dapat disebabkan oleh berbagai prosedur, seperti insisi abses, odontektomi, insisi ekstraoral, parotidektomi, dan sebagainya. Pemberian obat diperlukan untuk mempercepat penyembuhan luka dan mencegah terjadinya infeksi. Umumnya, obat anti-inflamasi seperti steroid maupun nonsteroid dapat diberikan untuk mempercepat penyembuhan luka. Obat herbal seperti ekstrak jintan hitam dapat menjadi alternatif yang diaplikasikan secara topikal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak jintan hitam terhadap waktu penutupan luka insisi pada punggung mencit Swiss Webster jantan. Jenis penelitian ialah eksperimental laboratorik. Subyek penelitian berjumlah 36 ekor mencit Swiss Webster jantan yang dibagi menjadi dua kelompok. Semua subyek dibuat luka insisi pada punggung. Kelompok I tidak diberikan perlakuan sedangkan kelompok II diberi perlakuan aplikasi ekstrak jintan hitam secara topikal. Hasil uji Mann-Whitney menunjukkan rerata waktu penutupan luka insisi kelompok II ialah 9,7 hari, sedangkan pada kelompok I 12,7 hari (nilai p=0,0000855). Simpulan penelitian ini ialah terdapat pengaruh bermakna dari ekstrak jintan hitam terhadap waktu penutupan luka insisi pada punggung mencit Swiss Webster yaitu terjadi penutupan luka sempurna paling cepat pada hari ke-8.Kata kunci: ekstrak jintan hitam; waktu pentupan luka
Kesesuaian Perhitungan, Penyetoran, Pelaporan, dan Pencatatan PPh 21 berdasarkan Ketentuan Perpajakan
Authors: Nurvan Andreas Avellino , Susanto Yulius Kurnia 
Published: March 2022

Abstrak
Tujuan pengabdian kepada masyarakat adalah untuk melihat apakah perhitungan, penyetoran, pelaporan dan pencatatan Pajak Penghasilan Pasal 21 yang dilaksanakan oleh Perusahaan sudah sesuai dengan aturan yang berlaku. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif dengan menggunakan data Perusahaan dan membandingkan dengan aturan yang berlaku yaitu Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia No. 6 Tahun 2008 tentang Pajak Penghasilan, PMK No. 242/PMK.03/2014, PMK No. 252/PMK.03/2008, PMK No. 9/PMK.03/2018, dan PER-16/PJ/2016. Berdasarkan hasil dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada perbedaan perhitungan yang dilakukan oleh perusahaan dan teori. Penyetoran sudah sesuai dengan PMK No. 242/PMK.03/2014. Pelaporan sudah sesuai dengan PMK No. 9/PMK.03/2018 dan Perusahaan sudah melakukan pencatatan sesuai dengan standar Akuntansi yang berlaku.
Abstract
This society objective is to see whether the calculation, deposit, reporting and recording of Article 21 Income Tax carried out by Firm is in accordance with applicable regulations. The method used is a descriptive method where uses the required data from Firm and compares it with the applicable regulations, namely the Republic of Indonesia Law no. 6 of 2008 concerning Income Tax, PMK No. 242/PMK.03/2014, PMK No. 252/PMK.03/2008, PMK No. 9/PMK.03/2018, and PER-16/PJ/2016. Based on the results conducted, it can be concluded that there are differences in the calculations carried out by firm and the theory. The deposit is in accordance with PMK No. 242/PMK.03/2014. Reporting is in accordance with PMK No. 9/PMK.03/2018 and Firm have recorded in accordance with applicable accounting standards.
Complicaciones nefrourológicas en pacientes sometidos a resección pulmonar según la utilización o no de sondaje vesical
Authors: Martín-Baeza Sonia , Franco-de la Fuente Livia , Vila-Cubell Isabel , Díaz-Sánchez Esther , Gasulla-Guillermo Alicia Irene , Navarro- Ripoll Ricard 
Published: March 2022

Introducción: La implementación del protocolo ERAS (Enhanced Recovery After Surgery) en cirugía torácica ha implicado un cambio en el manejo perioperatorio de los pacientes. Una de las nuevas recomendaciones es evitar la colocación sistémica del catéter urinario en cirugía pulmonar. Existe poca evidencia en la bibliografía sobre las complicaciones nefrourológicas (URC) postoperatorias. Por ello, diseñamos un estudio con el fin de evaluar la incidencia de URC en la población sometida a resección pulmonar por videotoracoscopia. Material y Métodos: Realizamos un estudio longitudinal y prospectivo en la Unidad de Reanimación Postanestésica (URPA) en un hospital de tercer nivel durante el periodo comprendido entre abril 2019 y julio del 2020. Se recogieron variables perioperatorias así como la presencia de URC. Resultados: De los 62 pacientes (82%) ingresaron en URPA sin catéter urinario, 5 (8%) presentaron URC. El 60% (3 de 5) de los pacientes con complicaciones presentaban volúmenes vesicales estimados por ecografía altos (>300 ml) a su ingreso en URPA y el 80% (4 de 5) a las 4 horas. Estas complicaciones no implicaron un deterioro significativo de la función renal durante el ingreso. Conclusiones: La recomendación de evitar el sondaje urinario en cirugía de resección pulmonar parece una práctica segura, aunque existe una incidencia no despreciable de URC en el postoperatorio inmediato. Sería muy interesante disponer de herramientas que permitan una detección y monitorización de los pacientes con riesgo incrementado para favorecer la detección precoz de complicaciones.
Contractility and myosin heavy chain content of skeletal muscle engineered from adult and aged rats
Authors: Dennis Robert , Kosnik Paul 
Published: March 2022

Functional three-dimensional skeletal muscle constructs (myooids) were engineered from myogenic cells harvested from the muscles of adult and aged rats. Myooids formed by self-organization of myogenic cells in the absence of an artificial scaffold and were maintained in culture. Myooid excitability and contractility were measured at days 1, 3, 7, and 24 after myooid formation. Skeletal muscle myosin heavy chain (MHC) content was measured and MHC isoforms were separated on SDS-PAGE gels and quantified. Adult and aged rat myooids had only ~35-60% of the skeletal muscle MHC content of control skeletal muscle from rats, the remaining MHC content consisting of isoforms found in cultured fibroblasts but not in control skeletal muscle. In addition, myooids expressed only developmental isoforms of skeletal muscle MHC, known to generate less specific force than adult isoforms. Myooids from aged rats generated greater normalized force than myooids from adult rats, but only 1-3% of that for adult skeletal muscle controls. Normalizing for skeletal muscle MHC content and isoform expression predicts myooid forces of ~6-18% of control adult skeletal muscles. We hypothesize that the remaining force deficit is due to cellular and sub-cellular disorganization—Myooids lack the density and organization of sarcomeric arrays seen in skeletal muscle.
The Microbiome and Neurotransmitter Activity
Authors: LaGreca Mandana , Skehan Leanne , Hutchinson Deborah 
Published: March 2022

Research has revealed that the gut microbiota impacts human health through several mechanisms, including modulating the immune response within the intestine, production of metabolites, and through the production of short chain fatty acids and vitamins. In this paper we explore the ability of microorganisms to produce key neurotransmitters or impact their expression through cell receptors. Neurotransmitter imbalances are implicated in a variety of human illnesses including anxiety, depression, insomnia, autism, multiple sclerosis and functional gastrointestinal disorders. A new research field is emerging to develop psychobiotics. Psychobiotics consist of probiotics or the prebiotics which support probiotic growth and they have shown to have a beneficial impact on psychiatric or neurological disorders. Understanding the unique contributions of various bacterial strains to the production or expression of neurotransmitters is a key component in the development of these new therapies. The neurotransmitters explored include serotonin (SERT), gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA), melatonin, catecholamines (CATs) and histamine. The aim of this paper is to review and summarize the available literature on the inter-relationship between various microbes in the gut microbiome and neurotransmitter activity. This includes commensals, pathogens as well as probiotics. The collected information will provide a reference guide for correlating certain disease states and conditions to microbial activity and helping clinicians select appropriate commercially available probiotics supplements and foods for optimizing health associated with the particular neurotransmitters discussed in this review.
Magnetohydrodynamic Wave Mode Identification in Circular and Elliptical Sunspot Umbrae: Evidence for High-order Modes
Authors: Albidah A. B. , Fedun V. , Aldhafeeri A. A. , Ballai I. , Brevis W. , Jess D. B. , Higham J. , Stangalini M. , Silva S. S. A. , Verth G. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we provide clear direct evidence of multiple concurrent higher-order magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) modes in circular and elliptical sunspots by applying both proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) and dynamic mode decomposition (DMD) techniques on solar observational data. These techniques are well documented and validated in the areas of fluid mechanics, hydraulics, and granular flows but are relatively new to the field of solar physics. While POD identifies modes based on orthogonality in space and provides a clear ranking of modes in terms of their contribution to the variance of the signal, DMD resolves modes that are orthogonal in time. The clear presence of the fundamental slow sausage and kink body modes, as well as higher-order slow sausage and kink body modes, have been identified using POD and DMD analysis of the chromospheric Hα line at 6562.808 Å for both the circular and elliptical sunspots. Additionally, for the various slow body modes, evidence for the presence of the fast surface kink mode was found in the circular sunspot. All of the MHD mode patterns were cross-correlated with their theoretically predicted counterparts, and we demonstrated that ellipticity cannot be neglected when interpreting MHD wave modes. The higher-order MHD wave modes are even more sensitive to irregularities in umbral cross-sectional shapes; hence, this must be taken into account for more accurate modeling of the modes in sunspots and pores.
Radio-loud versus Radio-quiet Gamma-Ray Bursts: The Role of Binary Progenitors
Authors: Lloyd-Ronning Nicole 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We explore the possibility that radio-loud gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) result from the collapse of massive stars in interacting binary systems, while radio-quiet GRBs are produced by the collapse of single massive stars. A binary collapsar system can have the necessary angular momentum and energy budget to explain the longer prompt gamma-ray durations and higher isotropic energies seen in the the radio-loud subsample of long GRBs. Additionally, binary systems can lead to rich and extended circumstellar environments that allow for the presence of the long-lived radio afterglows seen in the radio-loud systems. Finally, the relative fraction of stars in binary systems versus single-star systems appears consistent with the fraction of radio-loud versus radio-quiet GRBs.
CAHA/PPAK Integral-field Spectroscopic Observations of M81. I. Circumnuclear Ionized Gas
Authors: Li Zongnan , Li Zhiyuan , García-Benito Rubén , Feng Shuai 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Galactic circumnuclear environments of nearby galaxies provide unique opportunities for our understanding of the coevolution between supermassive black holes and their host galaxies. Here, we present a detailed study of ionized gas in the central kiloparsec region of M81, which hosts the closest prototype low-luminosity active galactic nucleus, based on optical integral-field spectroscopic observations taken with the CAHA 3.5 m telescope. It is found that much of the circumnuclear ionized gas is concentrated within a bright core of ∼200 pc in extent and a surrounding spiral-like structure known as the nuclear spiral. The total mass of the ionized gas is estimated to be ∼2 × 105
M
⊙, which corresponds to a few percent of the cold gas mass in this region, as traced by co-spatial dust extinction features. Plausible signature of a biconical outflow along the disk plane is suggested by a pair of blueshifted/redshifted low-velocity features, symmetrically located at ∼120–250 pc from the nucleus. The spatially resolved line ratios of [N ii]/Hα and [O iii]/Hβ demonstrate that much of the circumnuclear region can be classified as a LINER. However, substantial spatial variations in the line intensities and line ratios strongly suggest that different ionization/excitation mechanisms, rather than just a central dominant source of photoionization, are simultaneously at work to produce the observed line signatures.
The Transition Region between Brightest Cluster Galaxies and Intracluster Light in Galaxy Groups and Clusters
Authors: Contini E. , Chen H. Z. , Gu Q. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We take advantage of a state-of-art semianalytic model of galaxy formation, and the model presented by Contini & Gu, to investigate the mass distribution of brightest cluster galaxies (BCGs) and intracluster light (ICL) by addressing two points: (1) the region of transition between a BCG-dominated distribution and an ICL-dominated one, and (2) the relation between the total BCG+ICL mass and the ICL mass alone. We find the transition radius to be independent of both BCG+ICL and halo masses, with an average of 60 ± 40 kpc, in good agreement with previous observational measurements, but given the large scatter it can be considered as a sort of physical separation between the two components only on a cluster scale. From the analysis of the M
ICL–M
BCG+ICL relation, we construct a method able to extract the ICL mass directly from knowledge of the BCG+ICL mass. Given the large scatter in low-mass systems, such a method under/overpredicts the true value of the ICL in a significant way, up to a factor of three in the worst cases. On the other hand, for

log

M

BCG
+
ICL

>
12

or

log

M

Halo

>
14

(where masses are in units of M
⊙), the difference between the true value and the one extracted from the M
ICL–M
BCG+ICL relation ranges between ±30%. We therefore suggest this relation as a reliable test for observational works aiming to isolate the ICL from the BCG, for systems hosted by haloes on a cluster scale.
Reply to Comments of Solomon Ferferman
Authors: Hellman Geoffrey 
Published: March 2022

Nous affirmons que le rejet d'une ontologie platoniste ne suffit pas pour justifier les restrictions predicativistes touchant a la quantification sur les sous-ensembles infinis d'entiers, puisque tout le travail que font de tels sous-ensembles concus defacon classique pent etrefait par des touts concrets d'atonies dans I'un des cadres nominalistes aujourd'hui disponibles. Notre experience de pensee mettant enjeu des tableaux infinis d'evenements physiques renforce la these de I'objectivite d'une telle conception nominaliste. Par ailleurs, certaines applications theoriques des mathematiques impredicatives - par exemple I 'utilisation des espaces de Hilbert non separables en mecanique quantique - demeurent, dont Vanalyse predicative, en depitde ses succes, ne rend pas compte. La situation est encore pire pour les mathematiques constructives, si bien qu 'il est important que le predicativiste evite la « pente glissante » que j 'ai decrite dans mon article.
Reflections on Ortega y Gasset’s ¿Qué es filosofía?
Authors: Raley Harold 
Published: March 2022

A son retour d'Allemagne, Ortega fit face à deux grands défis philosophiques : (1) le culte de l'irrationnel dans le travail d'Unamuno et (2) les lacunes qu'il a constatées dans la philosophie husserlienne. Meditations on Quixote (1914) fut sa première réponse à l'un et l'autre. Ce premier travail était un préliminaire à des exposés ultérieurs de sa philosophie arrivée à maturité. Ces efforts atteignirent un point culminant notable dans ¿Qué es filosofía ? (1929).
SARS-CoV-2 infection rates after different vaccination schemes
Authors: Toprak Oya Baydar , Ozen Sennur , Ozturk Berker , Ozturk Burcu , Ozturk Ebru , Kitapci Mehmet , Kokturk Nurdan 
Published: March 2022

Objective:
To identify effects of various nationwide vaccination protocols on the evolution of new SARS-CoV-2 infections among adult population and to evaluate the safety of mRNA (BioNTech/ Pfizer) vaccine.

Methods:
Totally 10 735 adult volunteers that received at least one dose of BioNTech/Pfizer or triple doses of CoronaVac participated in this cross-sectional-online survey between 1 and 10 September 2021. The information was collected covering a 5-month period from April 2021 to September 2021. Information about people who were vaccinated with only single and double dose CoronaVac were not included in this study.

Results:
At least one side effect after single and double dose of BioNTech/Pfizer and triple doses of CoronaVac were observed in 42.1%, 42.5% and 10.9%, respectively. The most common side effects were shoulder/arm pain, weakness/fatigue, muscle/joint pain and headache. The side effects were the most frequent in single BioNTech/Pfizer, while it was the least in triple CoronaVac. The rate of positive PCR tests before vaccination was 17.6%, and decreased to 3.0% after vaccination. The rates of positive SARS CoV-2-PCR were 18.8%, 3.5%, 3.1%, 0.5% and 4.6% in single BioNTech/Pfizer, double BioNTech/Pfizer, double CoronaVac+single BioNTech/Pfizer, double CoronaVac+double BioNTech/Pfizer and triple CoronaVac, respectively. While 1.8% of PCR positive COVID-19 cases needed intensive unit care in the pre-vaccination period, intensive care unit was required in 0%, 1.5%, 2.4%, 0% and 4.2% after single BioNTech/ Pfizer, double BioNTech/Pfizer, double CoronaVac+single BioNTech/ Pfizer, double CoronaVac+double BioNTech/Pfizer and triple CoronaVac, respectively. Reinfection rate after vaccination was 0.4%.

Conclusions:
The rarity of COVID-19 infection after vaccination suggests that efficacy of vaccines is maintained. On the other hand, the data underscore the critical importance of continued public health mitigation.
Evaluation of Plasma Fibrinogen Levels before and after Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery and Its Association with the Need for Blood Products
Authors: Honarmand Azim , Bagheri Keivan , Hoghooghy Alireza , Rezaei Kazem 
Published: March 2022

Background:
The present study investigated the plasma level of fibrinogen before and after removing the pump in coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery and its relationship with the need for blood products.

Materials and Methods:
The present study was performed on 60 patients who were candidates for CABG surgery. The fibrinogen level of these patients was assessed and recorded before surgery and immediately after removing the pump. In addition, their hemoglobin level was recorded before the operation and 2 h after. In addition, the number and type of blood products transfusion were recorded intraoperatively and postoperatively and also at the intensive care unit.

Results:
Patients’ fibrinogen level after removing the pump with the mean of 130.53 ± 122.01 mg/dl decreased significantly compared to before surgery with the mean of mg/dl 224.95 ± 132.88 mg/dl (P < 0.001). In addition, the prognostic value of fibrinogen after removing the pump in determining the postoperative need of blood transfusion showed that the cut-off value of fibrinogen was < 196 mg/dl with a sensitivity of 16.82% and specificity of 80%, but it was not statistically significant (area under the curve [95% confidence interval]: 0.519 [0.350–0.689]; P = 0.825).

Conclusion:
According to the results of the present study, due to significant changes in fibrinogen levels after removing the pump compared to preoperation, it seems that this factor can play an important role in prognosis of the need to postoperative blood transfusion, although the prognostic value and the critical point mentioned in our study was not significant and it is required to do further studies.
A 10-case series of Merkel cell carcinoma in tropical Taiwan
Authors: Su Chia-Jui , Lan Jui , Lee Chih-Hung 
Published: March 2022

Background:
There are limited data discussing Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) clinicopathological characteristics in Asian patients. Furthermore, the association between two key pathogenic factors, ultraviolet (UV) radiation and Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV), remained unclear.

Objectives:
This study aimed to study the clinicopathological features in Taiwanese patients and to discuss the interaction between MCPyV infection and UV radiation-induced oxidative stress.

Methods:
We retrospectively reviewed the clinical features, pathological morphology, treatment, and outcomes of ten patients with histologically proved MCC. Eight specimens were tested for MCPyV large T-antigen. Five specimens with positive MCPyV large T-antigen were tested for 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG).

Results:
Eight (80%) patients were male, and the median age at diagnosis was 81 years. The most common primary tumor site was extremities (8 patients, 80%), with the rest located on the head and neck region (2 patients, 20%). Intermediate type was the most common pathology subtype, with more than 70% showing reactivity to MCPyV large T-antigen. Four tumors out of 5 (80%) showed 8-OHdG positivity.

Conclusion:
The study showed similar demographics with previous studies in western countries but had different tumor location frequencies when compared with northeast Asia. The high frequency of UV signature oxidative stress marker, 8-OHdG in MCPyV large T-antigen-positive tumors may indicate the correlation between UV radiation and MCPyV infection. Further studies with larger numbers of patients may be required to verify its significance.