bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness Of Rapid Palatal Expansion (RPE) In Class II Maloclusion and The Relationship With Muscle Contraction In Childhood Growth: Systematic Review
Authors: Achmad Harun , Ardiansya Reza 
Published: March 2022

Background: In general, patients with Class II malocclusion are often associated with a narrow transverse dimension. The shape of the narrowed jaw space can cause various problems such as crowding, jaw mismatch, protrusion of incisors. Given this, the use of Rapid Maxillary Expansion or Rapid Palatal Expansion is a treatment option that has been the choice for decades.
Objective: To systematically review the benefits of using RPE in the improvement of malocclusion in child development. This device is used to correct maxillary constriction and posterior crossbite. Methods: From four database sources PubMed, GoogleScholar, Wiley and Cochrane from 2016 to 2021. Thedatabase search process used the keywords "Rapid Palatal Expansion" "Rapid Maxillary Expansion" "Class II", from full journals published in less than 5years.
Results: After eliminating duplicated articles, the abstract title of each article was analyzed from 136 articles which were excluded a total of 123 articles. Thetext of the article is complete and meets the eligibility as many as 13 articles.
Conclusion: Rapid Palatal Expansion is effective in correcting class II malocclusion in child development.
Effects of Bionator Devices on Orofacial Muscle Strength in the Treatment of Class II Malocclusion in Developmental Phase: Systematic Review
Authors: Achmad Harun , Sesioria Arrang 
Published: March 2022

Background: Class II malocclusion is a common condition. The most common clinical presentation is a mandibular deficiency. Treatment with functional devices is an option that can be used for the treatment of malocclusion. In an era of evolving treatments, Bionator is still widely used in clinical practice.
Objective: The purpose of this systematic review was to analyze the effectiveness of the treatment of class II malocclusion with the Bionator device in the growth and development phase. Methods: Data collection was carried out by searching literature on article search sites, namely Pubmed, Cochrane, Wiley, Google Scholar and Science Direct which were published from 2011 to 2021. The search was carried out from March to April 2021. Data search was carried out systematically using the bionator keyword. malocclusion class II, orofacial muscles, growth and development.
Results: After eliminating published articles, the title and abstract of each article in the analysis amounted to 132 articles, 106 articles were excluded. The full text articles from the exclusion results were re-analyzed and 16 articles were excluded. The text of the article is complete and meets the eligibility of as many as 10 articles.
Conclusion: From all the studies reviewed, the Bionator device can improve class II malocclusion in children.
Effect of Volatile Oils on De-Bonding of Polycarbonate Bracket Reinforced with Ceramic Filler: A Quantitative Study (Part 1)
Authors: Linjawi Amal Ibrahim , Hashim Hayder Abdalla 
Published: March 2022

Introduction: The introduction of esthetic brackets is a new clinical approach in the field of orthodontics. Two main types of esthetic brackets have been developed and became widely available; the polycarbonate brackets, and the ceramic brackets. Both types have faced two significant de-bonding problems: (1) enamel and bracket fracture. The two problems have been well documented and continue to be of concern to clinicians.
Aim: The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate quantitatively the effect of three volatile oils and their combinations on the de-bonding of ceramic brackets.
Material and Method: Polycarbonate brackets reinforced with ceramic filler were bonded to one hundred and eighty (180) sound extracted human premolars using Transbond XT light curing adhesive. The teeth were then distributed into the following groups according to the type of volatile oil and period of application: clove oil (5 & 30 minutes), peppermint oil (5 & 30 minutes), Black seed volatile oil (5 & 30 minutes), and mixture of peppermint + Black seed volatile oils (5 & 30 minutes) in addition to control group. The brackets were then de-bonded using the Instron Universal Testing Machine and the de-bonding force was recorded for each type of the volatile oils in different times of application.
Result: The result revealed that the Black seed volatile oil gave the lowest de-bonding force in 5 minutes and 30 minutes of application whereas the mixture of the Black seed oil + peppermint oils gave the highest force in both time of application. Further, the peppermint oil application for 5-minute was found to be in the second rank whereas the Clove oil was in the third rank. Furthermore, in the 30 minutes of application the Clove oil was in the second rank whereas the peppermint was found to be in the third rank and the combination of Black seed oil + peppermint oil shows the highest debonding force.
Conclusion: Despite the limitation of the present study result, an assumption has been drawn from the results obtained that (1) the 5- minutes of black seed or peppermint volatile oils application can be considered the best debonding agent compared to the other volatile oils; (2) the clove oil can be used after de-bonding to facilitate the final cleansing-up of enamel surface. To confirm the latter assumption, further investigations are needed.
Energy Consumption from Transport Sector and CO₂ Emission: A Case of Kandahar City
Authors: Khan Wais , Karger Naqibullah 
Published: March 2022

This paper is concerned with the prospective estimation of energy consumption in the transport sector. To determine the long-term energy consumption targets for transport in Kandahar city. Later on CO2 emission is calculated based on energy consumption in transport sector of Kandahar city from year 2017 to 2020 and the amount of emission is forecasted till 2030. Upon conducting this research it is found out that transport demand has increased during the last few years due to change in population growth and GDP. As a result, traffic congestion, road accidents, parking problems and air quality are worsening. In addition to those, lack of proper transport management system, public transport infrastructure and insufficient road capacity are adding growing energy demand and environmental problems of Kandahar transport sector. In order to avoid such problems, this research is conducted to focus on the energy demand and CO2 emission only in transport sector of the Kandahar city.
This study has focused on energy demand and emission of CO2 from passenger transport sector of Kandahar city from 2017 to 2020. If there is no policy intervention, energy demand can reach from 5.5 TJ in 2017 up to 14.8 TJ in 2030. Again gasoline passenger vehicles contributes the most in energy demand and emission. CO2 emission can reach from 381 Thousand metric tons in 2020 up to 860.9 Thousand metric tons in 2030.
Out of all vehicle types of transportation, private cars are responsible for 26% of energy share, motorbikes consuming the most and reaching up to 35%.
The Legal Translation Profession in Morocco: Perceptions of Moroccan Sworn Translators
Authors: El Ghazi Omar 
Published: March 2022

Morocco has Recently witnessed an increasing demand for legal translation services as a result of the establishment of various relations with many countries all over the world. These relations have given birth to partnerships and agreements in the public and private sectors. Such agreements and contracts used to be drafted either in French or Arabic. But recently, there has been a tendency to draft them in English as well. This article sets out to shed some light on the present situation of translation in Moroccan higher education institutions, the status of the translation profession in Morocco and the certification process of sworn translators, and finally, the perceptions and views of Moroccan sworn translators about the current challenges and future prospects of legal translation practice in Morocco.
Karakteristik Sifat Fisis Tanah Daerah Potensi Longsor di Jalur Sitinjau Lauik Padang-Solok, Sumatera Barat
Authors: Pajri Panji , Budiman Arif 
Published: March 2022

Pengukuran sifat fisis tanah pada lereng yang telah terjadi longsor dan yang belum terjadi longsor di jalur Sitinjau Lauik telah diteliti dengan metode American Standard Testing and Material (ASTM). Pengamatan dilakukan pada lereng yang telah terjadi longsor (L1 dan L4) dan lereng yang belum terjadi longsor (L2 dan L3). Sampel tanah diambil pada bagian atas tengah, dan bawah dengan kedalaman 30 cm dan 75 cm. Hasil pengukuran sifat fisis tanah menunjukkan bahwa jenis tanah dari keempat lereng didominasi oleh tanah liat berpasir dan lempung. Nilai koefisien keseragaman dengan rentang 2,34âˆ’21,48, nilai koefisien gradasi dengan rentang 0,69âˆ’3,01, nilai berat spesifik dengan rentang 2,00âˆ’2,32, dan nilai kadar air jenuh tanah dengan rentang 24,95âˆ’38,60%. Potensi longsor pada lereng L1 masih tinggi yang diidentifikasi dari jenis tanah lempung yang masih berada pada medan gelincir dan kadar air yang tinggi. Lereng yang belum mengalami longsor (L2 dan L3) memiliki potensi longsor yang sangat tinggi karena jenis tanah yang mengandung lempung. Kandungan fraksi lempung yang sedikit pada lereng L4 menyebabkan potensi longsor pada lereng ini terbilang rendah. Berdasarkan jenis tanah yang mengandung lempung dan kemiringan rata-rata, lereng yang berpotensi longsor dari yang terbesar adalah lereng L3, L1, L2, dan L4.Â Measurement of the physical properties of soil on slopes that have occurred landslides and those that have not occurred in the Sitinjau Lauik line has been investigated using the American Standard Testing and Materials (ASTM) method. Observations were made on slopes that had landslides (L1 and L4) and slopes where landslides had not occurred (L2 and L3). Soil samples were taken at the top, middle, and bottom with a depth of 30 cm and 75 cm. The results of the measurement of the physical properties of the soil show that the soil types of the four slopes are dominated by sandy loam and clay. The values of the uniformity coefficient are ranging from 2.34 to 21.48, the value of the grading coefficient are ranging from 0.69 to 3.01,weight values specifics are ranging from 2.00 to 2.32, and soil saturated water content valuesare ranging from 24.95% to 38.60%. The potential for landslides on the L1 slope is still high, which is identified from the type of clay soil that is still in a sliding field and has high water content. Slopes that have not experienced landslides (L2 and L3) have a very high potential for landslides due to the type of soil that contains clay. The small clay fraction content on the L4 slope causes the potential for landslides on this slope to be low. Based on the type of soil that contains clay and the average slope, the slopes with the largest potential for landslides are the slopes L3, L1, L2, and L4.
Pemodelan Spasial Kerentanan Kebakaran Hutan dan Lahan di Kalimantan Timur
Authors: Novita Shania Ellens , Vonnisa Mutya 
Published: March 2022

Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang pemodelan spasial kebakaran hutan dan lahan di Provinsi Kalimantan Timur. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor pemicu, membangun model spasial dan memetakan tingkat kebakaran hutan dan lahan yang terjadi di Provinsi Kalimantan Timur sebagai wilayahÂ ibukota baru Indonesia.Â Pemodelan spasial kebakaran hutan dan lahan ini diambil dengan mempertimbangkan faktor manusia dan biofisik yang mempengaruhi kebakaran hutan dan lahan.Â MetodeÂ Composite Mapping AnalysisÂ (CMA)Â digunakan untuk mengembangkan model. Penelitian iniÂ menemukan bahwa jarak dari jaringan jalan, jarak dari desa/permungkiman,Â keberadaan gambut, tutupan lahan dan curah hujan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap risiko kebakaran lahan dan hutan.Â Model spasialÂ yang diperoleh dari penelitian memiliki koefisien determinasiÂ 0,90. Validasi model menunjukkan bahwa model dapat memprediksi risiko kebakaran hutan dan lahan dengan akurasi 54,33 %. Model tersebut menggambarkan bahwa sekitar 54,5 % risiko kebakaran hutan dan lahan disebabkan oleh faktor manusia diantaranya jarak terhadap desa, jarak terhadap jalan dan tutupan lahan, sedangkan sisanya sebesar 45,5% disumbang oleh faktor biofisikÂ diantaranya keberadaan gambut dan curah hujan.Â Spatial model of land and forest fire risk in East Kalimantan ProvinceÂ has been developedÂ toÂ identify the main causes of forest and land fires. The purpose of this study is also to build spatial models and map the level of forest and land firesÂ in East Kalimantan Province as the candidateÂ of new capital of Indonesia. The model was derived by considering human and biophysical factors that affect the forest and land fires. The Composite Mapping Analysis (CMA) method was used to develop the model. Distance from the road network, distance from villages/settlements, peatlands, land cover and rainfall have a significant effect on the risk of land and forest fires. The spatial model has a determination coefficient of 0.90. Model can predict the forest and land fire risk providing 54.33 % of accuracy.Â The model described that approximately 54.5 % of forest and land fire risk is contributed by human factors including distance to the village, distance to the road and land cover, while the rest of 45.5 %, is contributed by biophysical factors including peatlandsÂ Â and rainfall.
Pengaruh Perubahan Fraksi Volume Terhadap Kekritisan Desain Gas-Cooled Fast Reactor Berbahan Bakar Uranium Nitride
Authors: Novalianda Sari , Ramadhan Andri 
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini menyajikan pengaruh perubahan fraksi volume desainÂ Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Gas-Cooled Fast Reactor (GFR) berbahan bakar Uranium Nitride. Fraksi volume reaktor cepat terdiri dari bahan bakar, kelongsong dan pendingin. Penelitian ini terdiri dari tiga desain sel bahan bakar dengan perbedaan fraksi voleme yang terdiri dari fuel, caldding, dan coolant yaitu desain A 55%:10%:35%, desain B 60%:10%:30% dan 65%:10%:25% untuk desain C. Parameter survey yang diukur adalah faktor kekritisan reaktor yaitu keff, kinf dan perubahan level burnup terhadap waktu burnupnya. Perhitungan desain GFR menggunakan seperangkat program Standart Reactor Analysis Code (SRAC). Hasil perhitungan ketiga desain reaktor, didapat bahwaÂ desain B berbahan bakar Uranium Nitride dengan pengayaan 9,5% uranium 235 dan fraksi volume 60% bahan bakar, 10 % kelongsong dan 30% pendingin mencapai kondisi kritis pada keff > 1,008 dan kinf > 1,012. Desain reaktor B dapat beroperasi selama 10 tahun tanpa proses refueling dengan excess reactivity 0,031%.Â The research presents the effect of changes in the volume fraction on the criticality of the Uranium Nitride Gas-Cooled Fast Reactor (GFR) design. The fast reactor volume fraction consists of fuel, cladding, and coolant. This research consisted of three fuel cell designs his research consists of three fuel cell designs with different volumes fraction consisting of fuel, cladding, and coolant namely A design 55%:10%:35%. B design 60%:10%:30% and 65%:10%:25% for C design. The survey parameters measured were the criticality of the reactor, namely keff, kinf, and burnup level changes with the burnup time. GFR design calculations use a set of Standard Reactor Analysis Code (SRAC) programs. The third calculation of the reactor design, found that design B was fueled with Uranium Nitride with enrichment of 9.5% uranium 235 and volume fraction of 60% fuel, 10% cladding, and 30% coolant reached critical conditions at keff> 1,008 and kinf> 1,012. Design B reactor can operate for 10 years without refueling with an excess reactivity of 0.031%.
Identifikasi Batuan Andesit Menggunakan Metode Geolistrik 2D di Daerah Pengaron, Kalimantan Selatan
Authors: Simamora Selvy Tiurma , Wahyono Sri Cahyo , Siregar Simon Sadok 
Published: March 2022

Telah dilakukan penelitian untuk mengidentifikasi lapisan batuan andesit menggunakan metode geolistrik 2D dengan konfigurasi Schlumberger di daerah Pengaron, Kalimantan Selatan. Pengukuran dilakukan untuk lima lintasan dengan panjang tiap lintasan 270 m. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah memodelkan penampang lintang nilai resistivitas 2D, menentukan jenis litologi, kedalaman dan ketebalan batuan andesit di daerah penelitian. Berdasarkan hasil pengolahan data diperoleh tiga lapis jenis batuan. Lapisan pertama merupakan lapisan top soil dengan nilai resistivitas 39â€“116 Î©m, lapisan kedua adalah lempung dengan nilai resistivitas 143â€“298 Î©m dan lapisan ketiga merupakan batuan andesit dengan nilai resistivitas 320â€“1.000 Î©m. Hasil interpretasi 2D menunjukkan bahwa batuan andesit memiliki nilai resistivitas 382â€“1.000 Î©m pada kedalaman 10-77 m dan ketebalan 10â€“55 m.Â Research has been carried out to identify andesite rock layers using 2D geo-electrical method with Schlumberger configuration in the Pengaron area, South Kalimantan. Measurements were made for five tracks with a length of each track being 270 m. The purpose of this research is to model the cross section of 2D resistivity values, determine the type of lithology, depth and thickness of andesite rocks in the study area. Based on the results of data processing, three layers of rock types were obtained. The first layer is the top soil layer with a resistivity value of 39â€“116 Î©m, the second layer is clay with a resistivity value of 143â€“298 Î©m and the third layer is andesite rock with a resistivity value of 320â€“1,000 Î©m. The 2D interpretation results show that andesite rocks have a resistivity value of 382â€“1,000 Î©m at a depth of 10-77 m and a thickness of 10â€“55 m.
Studi Relokasi Hiposenter Aftershock Gempa Yogyakarta 2006
Authors: Shinta Velli , Pujiastuti Dwi , Aulia Atin Nur 
Published: March 2022

Studi relokasi hiposenter aftershock gempa Yogyakarta 2006 telah diteliiti melalui pengolahan data waveform aftershock gempa Yogyakarta pada 16 Juni s.d 5 Juli 2006.Â Data model kecepatan gelombang 1D Jawa Tengah digunakan sebagai model kecepatan awal. Identifikasi distribusi hiposenter gempa bumi diperoleh menggunakan metode Joint Hypocenter Determination (JHD) dan program Velest. Lokasi hiposenter ini selanjutnya di plot pada peta menggunakan GMT (Generic Mapping Tools). Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa persebaran hiposenter gempabumi membentuk tiga buah cluster, berada dibagian timur kemudian membelok ke arah selatan Sesar Opak. Hiposenter memiliki pola persebaran membentuk suatu bidang sesar. Kemudian, hasil penelitian menemukan adanya rambatan energi di sepanjang zona lemah Sesar Opak dari sesar aktif di bagian timur. Nilai RMS residual relokasi hiposenterÂ menunjukkan hasil yang cukup akurat yaitu sebesar 0,0596 detik dan menghasilkan model kecepatan yang tidak jauh berbeda dengan model kecepatan awal (Jawa Tengah).Â The relocation study of the 2006 Yogyakarta earthquake aftershock hypocenter has been investigated through the processing of the Yogyakarta earthquake aftershock waveform data from 16 June to 5 July 2006. Data from the 1D wave velocity model of Central Java is used as the initial velocity model. Identification of the earthquake hypocenter distribution was obtained using the Joint Hypocenter Determination (JHD) method and the Velest program. The hypocenter location is then plotted on the map using GMT (Generic Mapping Tools). The results showed that the hypocenter of the earthquake formed three clusters, located in the eastern part and then veered to the south of the Opak Fault. The hypocenter has a distribution pattern to form a fault plane. Then, the results of the study found energy propagation along the weak zone of the Opak Fault from an active fault in the eastern part. The RMS value of the residual hypocenter relocation shows a fairly accurate result of 0.0596 seconds and produces a velocity model that is not much different from the initial velocity model (Central Java).
Efecto del método de aplicación del fertilizante químico en la productividad del cultivo de café (Coffea arábica)
Authors: Meza Pérez Gilder 
Published: March 2022

<p>Los fertilizantes son importantes, desde un punto vista agronómico, para el aumento de la productividad de los cultivos. El rendimiento depende principalmente de la cantidad de nutrientes, época y técnica de aplicación. El objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar el efecto de la fertilización empleando diferentes métodos de aplicación (drench, Fertirriego y granulado) sobre la productividad del cultivo de café (<em>Coffea arábica</em>). Esta investigación se realizó en una parcela con densidad de 3333 plantas /hectárea, en el ámbito de intervención de la Cooperativa Agraria Cafetalera Shunte, distrito de Shunte, provincia de Tocache, departamento de San Martín. Para el análisis estadístico, se empleó un diseño de bloques completos al azar con tres repeticiones y cuatro tratamientos (incluyendo el control). Se aplicó una dosis de fertilizante siguiendo la formulación de nutrición balanceada de Mavolta (1996) para el cultivo de café. Los resultados señalan una productividad de 1560 kg/ha con la técnica drench, 1472 kg/ha con la técnica fertirriego, 924 kg/ha con la técnica granulada y 642 kg/ha con el control. Realizando una comparación de medias, no existen diferencias significativas en la productividad del café entre el método de aplicación del fertilizante tipo drench y Fertirriego. Sin embargo, realizando un análisis de costos, la técnica drench resulta ser más económica, conveniente y práctica para la aplicación del fertilizante y permitiendo alcanzar valores de productividad similar al obtenido por la técnica Fertirriego. </p>
Desafios do enfermeiro no gerenciamento em centro de material e esterilização: revisão integrativa
Authors: Cioccari Maria Luiza , Lima Suzinara Beatriz Soares de , Betat Marcella Gabrielle , Fogaça Neto Victório Martins , Holkem Giovania Aparecida de Lima , Lourenço Adriana Brum , Santos Karla Priscilla Paulino dos 
Published: March 2022

Objetivo: Identificar os desafios do enfermeiro no gerenciamento do Centro de Materiais e Esterilização. Métodos: Trata-se de uma Revisão integrativa de literatura, realizada de janeiro a julho de 2020, nas bases eletrônicas: Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, Coordenação de aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior, Scientific Electronic Library Online e PubMed. Os descritores utilizados foram: Enfermeiras e Enfermeiros, Esterilização e Gerenciamento. Resultados: Foram selecionados 16 artigos, tratam-se sobre dimensionamento de pessoal, atividades que competem aos enfermeiros, experiências e vivências dos profissionais no Centro de Materiais e Esterilização, educação e perfil dos trabalhadores, formação do Enfermeiro, organização do trabalho, visibilidade do setor, a percepção das unidades atendidas e a educação continuada. Considerações finais: Constatou-se a deficiência, durante a formação do profissional e também na educação continuada dos estudos relacionados ao Centro de Materiais e Esterilização. O enfermeiro através da educação continuada e conjunta às unidades consumidoras trará valorização e reconhecimento. Estudos mais aprofundados a respeito desse tema se fazem cada vez mais necessários. Para reduzirem a escassez de conhecimentos sobre a realidade do CME e consequentemente, do seu enfermeiro gestor.