bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Turist Rehberliği Programlarındaki Öğretim Elemanlarına ve Öğretim Planlarına Yönelik Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: ATAY Lütfi , GÜVENÇ Alparslan , BOZDOĞAN Sedat 
Published: May 2022

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’de üniversitelerde meslek yüksekokullarındaki ön lisans ve turizm fakültelerindeki lisans düzeyinde mevcut olan turist rehberliği eğitimi veren programların öğretim elemanı ve öğretim planı açısından mevcut durumunun tespiti amaçlanmıştır. Ön lisans ve lisans düzeyindeki turizm rehberliği programları ayrı ayrı değerlendirilmiş ve bu kapsamda programlardaki öğretim elemanı, öğretim planları ve öğretilen yabancı dil derslerine ilişkin veriler değerlendirilmiştir.
Yöntem: Bu araştırmada ikincil veriler (lisans ve ön lisans programları) üzerinden bir kaynak taraması yapılmıştır. 2020 yılı verilerinin baz alındığı, kaynak taraması niteliğinde hazırlanan bu çalışmada Yüksek Öğretim Kurulu ve ilgili akademik birimlerin resmi web sitelerindeki ikincil verilerden faydalanılmıştır.
Bulgular: Verilerin analizi sonucunda turist rehberliği eğitiminde rol alan öğretim elemanlarının çoğunluğunun turist rehberliği alanında bir akademik dereceye sahip olmadıkları görülmüştür. Ayrıca, bazı öğretim planlarının program yeterliliklerinden ziyade öğretim elemanı yeterliliklerine odaklanılarak düzenlendiği ve öğretim planlarında Turist Rehberliği Meslek Yönetmeliği’nde belirtilen derslerin karşılanmasının yeterince dikkate alınmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Verilen yabancı dil derslerinde de belirli dillerde bir yoğunlaşma olduğu fakat genel olarak ikinci yabancı dil seçeneği sunma konusunda bir sorun olmadığı görülmüştür.
Tartışma: Çalışmanın bulguları alan yazındaki ilgili çalışmaların bulgu ve sonuçları ile tartışılmış, akademik birimlerdeki öğretim planı ve akademik kadro tahsisine ilişkin çeşitli öneriler ortaya konmuştur.
Kepastian Hukum Atas Perkara Penjualan Satwa Langka Kukang (Malu-Malu)
Authors: Marbun Warasman , Ridwan Muhammad 
Published: May 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini ialah untuk mengetahui pelaksanaan dalam penegakan hukum tindak pidana perdagangan satwa yang dilindungi dan untuk mengetahui pertanggungjawaban terdakwa atas hukuman yang diberikan oleh hakim, yang tidak membuat pelaku merasa jera berdasarkan Putusan Nomor 96/Pid.B/2017/PN.Bdg. Metode penelitian hukum normatif hukum yang dikaji dari berbagai aspek seperti aspek teori, filosofi, perbandingan, struktur, penjelasan pada tiap pasal dan kekuatan untuk mengikat undang-undang. Hasil dan pembahasan dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa: Pertama, penegakan hukum terhadap pelaku penjualan satwa langka menurut Undang-Undang Nomor 5 Tahun 1990 penanganan terhadap suatu kasus sangat dituntut keahlian dari para penegak hukum dalam mengungkap dan mengusut tuntas kasus tersebut, bagaimana tindak pidana yang dilakukan, siapa yang terlibat, dan lain sebagainya; Kedua, kepastian hukum atas perkara Putusan Nomor 96/Pid.B/2017/PN.Bdg tentang Jual Beli Kukang (Malu-Malu) menyatakan Terdakwa Agus Sofyan, terbukti secara sah dan meyakinkan bersalah melakukan tindak pidana.
Detection of Frequency-dependent Dispersion Measure toward the Millisecond Pulsar J2241–5236 from Contemporaneous Wideband Observations
Authors: Kaur Dilpreet , Ramesh Bhat N. D. , Dai Shi , McSweeney Samuel J. , Shannon Ryan M. , Kudale Sanjay , van Straten Willem 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Making precise measurements of pulsar dispersion measures (DMs) and applying suitable corrections for them is among the major challenges in high-precision timing programs such as pulsar timing arrays (PTAs). While the advent of wideband pulsar instrumentation can enable more precise DM measurements and thence improved timing precision, it also necessitates doing careful assessments of frequency-dependent (chromatic) DMs that were theorized by Cordes et al (2016). Here we report the detection of such an effect in broadband observations of the millisecond pulsar PSR J2241−5236, a high-priority target for current and future PTAs. The observations were made contemporaneously using the wideband receivers and capabilities now available at the Murchison Widefield Array, the upgraded Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope, and the Parkes telescopes, thus providing an unprecedentedly large frequency coverage from 80 MHz to 4 GHz. Our analysis shows the measurable changes in DM that scale with the observing frequency (ν) as δDM ∝ ν
2.5±0.1. We discuss the potential implications of such a frequency dependence in the measured DMs and the likely impact on the timing noise budget and comment on the usefulness of low-frequency observations in advancing PTA efforts.
Effect of earthworm oil on formation of collagen type III during wound healing process in BALB/c mice
Authors: Afshar Mohammad , Hassanzadeh-Taheri Mohammadmehdi , Zardast Mahmood , Naderi Zahra 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Introduction: Eisenia fetida is a species of earthworm. The oil extracted from this species has been found to have antimicrobial and antioxidant characteristics as well as omega-3, omega-6, and omega-9 fatty acids in its contents. The regenerative properties of this compound are very impressive.
Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of earthworm oil on wound healing based on collagen type III formation in the BALB/c mice.
Materials and methods: The present experimental study was conducted in Birjand, Iran, in 2019. Forty-eight male adults BALB/c mice were divided into 4 groups (12 mice in each group). The intervention group received earthworm oil, the negative and positive control groups received sesame oil and 1% nitrofurazone cream, respectively, whereas the sham group received no treatment at al. A full-thickness excision wound with a 5-mm disposable surgical punch was made on the dorsal skin of all mice after anesthesia. The wounds in groups 1, 2, and 3 were dressed twice a day. At days 4, 7, 10, and 14 after wounding, excisional biopsy was performed and the sample was examined histologically and immunohistochemically using the ImageJ software. Data were analysed by ANOVA and Tukey tests using SPSS software version 22.
Results: In the tissue samples treated with earthworm oil, the number of fibroblast cells and granulation tissue formation and epithelialization significantly increased; the thickness of type III collagen fibers in this group predominantly increased in comparison to other control groups.
Conclusions: This study has demonstrated that the earthworm oil has a positive effect on the wound healing process, especially by promoting the collagen synthesis.
Quand l’école et ATD Quart Monde nouent des partenariats
Authors: Lahanier-Reuter Dominique , Granado Clotilde 
Published: May 2022

Le mouvement ATD Quart Monde noue des partenariats avec les acteurs de terrain et leurs hiérarchies respectives : l’Éducation nationale, les communes etc., autour de questions vives concernant en particulier les relations entre les écoles et les familles en situation de grande pauvreté. Une des démarches soutenant ces projets est celle du croisement des savoirs et des pratiques avec les personnes en situation de pauvreté, une démarche originale qui autorise les confrontations des savoirs des différents groupes d’acteurs et qui a pour objectif l’élaboration de nouveaux savoirs. Au travers de deux projets, nous décrivons certaines règles et principes de ces démarches, au travers des déroulés, des obstacles et des succès que les travaux menés dans ce cadre peuvent rencontrer : modifications des représentations, inventions de dispositifs pédagogiques etc., en insistant particulièrement sur les tensions auxquelles sont soumis tous les acteurs de ces expériences, professionnels, parents, accompagnateurs, etc.
Implant Insertion Procedure of the Port Delivery System With Ranibizumab: Overview and Clinical Pearls
Authors: Pieramici Dante J. , Wieland Mark R. , Stewart Jay M. , Chang Robert T. , Gune Shamika A. , Malhotra Varun K. , Barteselli Giulio , Awh Carl C. 
Published: May 2022

OBJECTIVE:
To describe the Port Delivery System with ranibizumab implant insertion procedure.

METHODS:
A surgical procedure based on the clinical trial program in patients with retinal diseases.

RESULTS:
An infusion line is placed in the infero-temporal quadrant; a superotemporal quadrant corneal traction suture is recommended. The superotemporal quadrant peritomy of 6 × 6 mm is executed with gentle, purposeful tissue handling. Generous posterior and lateral sub-Tenon's capsule dissection creates laxity for the subsequent closure. Adequate scleral hemostasis is achieved with wet-field cautery to maintain a clean field. The implant is filled under magnification with a customized formulation of ranibizumab. A precise 3.5-mm-long scleral incision (4 mm posterior and parallel to the limbus) is created to ensure proper implant fit. The exposed pars plana undergoes laser ablation to reduce vitreous hemorrhage risk. A pars plana incision is made, and the implant is inserted perpendicular to the globe and seated flush against the sclera. Complete closure of both the conjunctiva and Tenon's capsule with scleral anchoring and mild tissue overhang at the anterior limbus is performed to reduce conjunctival erosion and retraction risks.

CONCLUSION:
The procedure is straightforward yet requires precise preoperative and intraoperative preparation and standardized surgical techniques.

[

Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina.
2022;53:249–256.]
Refill-Exchange Procedure of the Port Delivery System With Ranibizumab: Overview and Clinical Trial Experience
Authors: Khanani Arshad M. , Graff Jordan M. , Marcus Dennis M. , Wykoff Charles C. , Jhaveri Chirag D. , Barteselli Giulio , Malhotra Varun K. , Menezes Alicia R. , Callaway Natalia F. 
Published: May 2022

PURPOSE:
To describe the Port Delivery System with ranibizumab refill-exchange procedure.

METHODS:
Procedure based on the clinical trial program in patients with retinal diseases.

RESULTS:
The refill-exchange procedure is performed under topical anesthesia and strict aseptic conditions. Supplemental task lighting and magnification are recommended throughout the procedure. Ranibizumab is aseptically transferred from the vial with the filter needle and air is removed from the syringe. The filter needle is then replaced with the refill needle; any remaining air is removed from the syringe and the plunger is advanced to the 0.1-mL mark. Targeting the implant septum center, the refill needle is inserted perpendicularly to the globe until the soft stop contacts the conjunctiva (perpendicular orientation and conjunctival contact are maintained throughout the procedure); a cotton-tipped applicator is recommended for globe stabilization. The entire syringe contents are slowly injected over 5–10 seconds while existing solution fills the fluid collection reservoir. Once completed, the needle is carefully withdrawn while maintaining perpendicularity. The procedure can be successfully performed in rare, specific cases, including subconjunctival thickening or fibrous capsule formation, fluid-filled bleb formation, and corneal patch grafts.

CONCLUSION:
The procedure is straightforward but distinct from intravitreal injections and requires adherence to standardized techniques. With appropriate preparation, the procedure can be performed in specific cases.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina.
2022;53:257–265.]
Noninvasive Measurement of Oxygen Saturation in Human Retinal Blood Vessels and Tissues With Multispectral Confocal Imaging
Authors: Khoobehi Bahram , Wafapoor Hussein , Eaton Alexander , Liu Ruixue , Firn Kim , Kubilay Tara 
Published: May 2022

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
Proof of concept for the first system of noninvasive human retinal vessel and tissue oxygenation measurement in axial and radial directions.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
A confocal imaging system capable of calculating and mapping relative retinal blood oxygenation in radial and axial directions from three eyes of two healthy subjects was built. The relationship between oxygenation and retinal depth in vivo was analyzed to illustrate application of this novel system.

RESULTS:
The system shows capacity for measuring oxygenation along retinal depth for the first time. (1) Arteriovenous oxygenation difference decreases with blood vessel diameter. (2) Artery-tissue oxygenation difference is greater than vein-tissue oxygenation difference in the same region. (3) Intravascular-extravascular oxygenation difference decreases with blood vessel diameter. (4) Oxygenation data reported with a 95% CI are as follows: A1 91.5% ± 18.2%, V1 32.8% ± 18.6%, A2 97.3% ± 17.8%, V2 64.4% ± 11.2%, A3 73.2% ± 19.1%, V3 52.9% ± 15.3%, and Tissue 56.6% ± 00.4%.

CONCLUSION:
This article demonstrates proof of concept for retinal oxygenation calculation in radial and axial dimensions for the first time. Initial results provide biological validity to this method. Future aims include further characterization of this system's results in healthy subjects and subsequent comparison of oxygenation between diseased and healthy retinae.

[

Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2022;53:275–283.

]
Low-Gradient Aortic Stenosis; the Diagnostic Dilemma
Authors: Alkhalaila Osama , Shehadat Mansour Al 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
Low-gradient (LG) aortic valve stenosis (AS) constitutes a significant subset among patients with severe aortic stenosis. This entity represents one of the most challenging heart conditions when it comes to diagnosis and management, mainly because of the discrepancy between the small aortic valve area (≤1.0 cm2) that is considered a severe AS, and low mean transvalvular pressure gradient (<40 mmHg), which is one of the criteria for nonsevere AS. LG AS is divided according to transvalvular aortic flow rate into normal-flow LG AS and low-flow LG (LFLG) AS; the latter category can be divided further according to left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) into classical LFLG AS if LVEF is depressed or paradoxical LFLG AS if LVEF is preserved. The primary diagnostic challenge in patients with LG AS is to confirm that AS is truly severe and not pseudosevere, which is assessed mainly by either dobutamine stress echocardiography or multidetector computed tomography. The management of symptomatic true severe LG AS is mainly by aortic valve replacement (AVR), whether surgical or transcatheter approach. Patients with LG severe AS have a generally worse prognosis and higher mortality compared with patients with high-gradient severe AS. Despite the survival benefit of AVR in patients with true severe LG AS, these patients have higher surgical risk post-AVR compared with high-gradient AS patients. Early recognition and correct diagnosis of a patient with LG AS is crucial to improve their mortality and morbidity.
Diagnosis and Therapeutic Cardiac Catheterization of Symptomatic Bicuspid Aortic Stenosis in the Pediatric Population
Authors: Yassin Haytham , Al-Saloos Hesham 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) is the most common congenital heart disease with a prevalence of 0.5%–1.3% of the population. Many children with BAV are asymptomatic. Clinically relevant abnormal valve function usually occurs in adulthood. However, in rare cases, children can fail to thrive which requires valvular intervention. In this review, we will explore in more detail the anatomy of the BAV, clinical presentation of BAV, diagnosis of BAV, and its function by echocardiography, and indications for transcatheter intervention in the pediatric population.
Internet Addiction Predicted Insomnia Among Bangladeshi Undergraduate Students at the time of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Ali Mohammad , Tasnim Zarin , Ahsan Gias Uddin 
Published: May 2022

Objective:
The prevalence of Internet addiction (IA) and insomnia among the student cohort was high. The COVID-19 pandemic adversely influenced both critical emerging public health concerns. Our study aimed to determine the prevalence of IA and insomnia and assess the relationship among the problems at the crucial time of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods:
A pilot survey was conducted among undergraduate students of an educational institute by inviting participants to use an electronically randomly selected e-mail address provided by the affiliated institute. Descriptive analysis was conducted to identify the student subgroups with a higher prevalence of insomnia; however, a multiple regression analysis was employed to identify the predictors of insomnia.

Results:
Insomnia and IA prevalence was 49.4% and 81.7%, respectively. Age group, gender, relationship status, family income, family type, living location, tobacco use, and exercise habits and physical illness history were associated with insomnia. However, regression analysis suggested that maintaining a relationship, being physically ill in the last year, and IA could predict insomnia independently.

Conclusion:
Institutional initiatives are recommended to reduce the high burden of insomnia and IA. A large sample size cross-sectional and longitudinal study is warranted to generalize these findings and determine the in-depth relationship between IA and insomnia.
Developmental Pb2+ -Exposure Induces Cardiovascular Pathologies in Adult Male Rats
Authors: Okeke Evelyn , Neuwirth Lorenz S. , El Idrissi Abdeslem 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Developmental lead (Pb2+) exposure has been historically shown to alter the pathological functions of the cardiovascular system at high blood lead levels (i.e.,>15 μg/dL). However, given the time that has elapsed in the field (i.e., some 30 years), there is a great need for less clinical and more basic research on the cardiopathology of low blood lead levels (lBLLs; i.e.,<10 μg/dL). Further, most of the prior literature had focused solely on males as they had been reported to be more vulnerable to Pb2+ induced cardiovascular pathology.

Aims and Objectives:
To generate a model system of Pb2+-induced cardiovascular pathology that would be consistent with past reports, the present study examined male Long–Evans Hooded rats that were perinatally Pb2+ exposed (i.e., via their food with 996 ppm lead acetate in the rat chow) up until weaning (i.e., postnatal day 22; blood lead levels [BLLs]: 10–15 μg/dL) and were then removed from Pb2+ exposure for nearly 1.5 months (i.e., BLLs >3.33 μg/dL).

Materials and Methods:
Rats were then subjected to cardiovascular measures of systolic and diastolic blood pressures (SBP and DBP) and heart rates. Rats were sacrificed and their hearts were weighed; their thoracic aortas were collected and examined for microstructural and morphological changes through a scanning electron micrograph.

Results:
The data showed that compared to age matched control rats, the Pb2+ exposed rats have increased SBP, DBP, and heart rate with no differences in heart weight. These data show that early developmental Pb2+ exposure comprising lBLLs can cause significant cardiovascular pathological changes in rats.

Conclusion:
The present model of developmental Pb2+-exposure occurring early in life caused Pb2+-induced cardiopathology later in life through increased hypertension and reduced elasticity of the aorta media. These cardiovascular pathologies could further increase the likelihood of accelerated fronto executive dysfunctions due to the direct action of Pb2+ on neurons through inhibition of calcium dependent processes and might also contribute to vascular dementias.
A survey on knowledge, attitude, and practices of workplace radiation safety amongst anaesthesiology personnel in northern Indian tertiary care institutes
Authors: Haldar Rudrashish , Shamim Rafat , Mondal Himel , Kannaujia Ashish Kumar , Mishra Prabhakar , Agarwal Anil 
Published: May 2022

Background and Aims:
Exposure to ionising radiation to Anaesthesiology consultants, residents, technicians and nurses (Anaesthesiology personnel) is steadily increasing as a consequence of growing usage of imaging technology for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. We conducted a questionnaire-based survey of Anaesthesiology professionals (consultants, residents, technicians and nursing staff) working in three major tertiary care medical institutes in northern India regarding the existing knowledge, attitudes and practices of radiation safety at their workplaces.

Methods:
A printed and validated 30-point questionnaire was distributed. Questions were graded into the domains of demographics (6 questions), knowledge (9 questions), attitude (4 questions) and practice (11 questions). Data obtained from the responses was collated and analysed statistically

Results:
Out of the 403 questionnaires distributed, 222 were returned completed (55%). Majority of the respondents were residents (53.60%) and males (57.20%). Many were unaware of the principle of As Low As Reasonably Achievable (ALARA), (70.7%) regarding collimators (65.85%) and their usage (41.9%). Maximum respondents stressed on the necessity of knowing the exposure dosage of radiations (89.2%) and were concerned regarding the same (87.8%). Lead apron was the commonest protection equipment and 97.3% of them were not using dosimeters. Highest levels of knowledge, attitude, and practices were demonstrated by the consultants. In terms of practices, the technicians fared better than the residents.

Conclusion:
Knowledge, attitude and practices regarding radiation protection issues and doses of radiological procedures is limited. Although all the cadres scored high on their attitude scores, the practice sector requires improvement.
A randomised prospective single-blind pilot study to compare the analgesic efficacy of thoracic epidural block and erector spinae plane block in breast cancer surgery
Authors: Karoo Khushbu , Kumar Mayank , Sinha Mamta , N Nilima 
Published: May 2022

Background and Aims:
Thoracic epidural analgesia (TEA) is an effective analgesic technique for breast surgery, although it has many associated complications. Ultrasound (US)–guided erector spinae plane (ESP) block requires less technical expertise, is safe and may be an alternative to TEA. We aimed to compare the efficacy of TEA with US-guided continuous ESP block for post-operative analgesia in patients undergoing modified radical mastectomy (MRM) surgeries.

Methods:
Sixty-six female patients of age group 18–65 years, and American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I and II, undergoing MRM surgeries were recruited. Patients received TEA in Group Ep and US-guided ESP block in Group Er, before induction of general anaesthesia. Both the groups received 0.2% ropivacaine 15 mL, followed by 5 mL.h-1
infusion for 24 h. The primary outcome was the duration of analgesia. Secondary outcomes were total doses of rescue analgesics in 24 hours and visual analogue scale (VAS) scores at 0 h, 1 h, 2 h, 4 h, 8 h, 12 h, and 24 h.

Results:
The mean duration of analgesia was 21.72 ± 4.73 hours in Ep group and 20.60 ± 5.77 hours in Er group (P = 0.39). The total dose of rescue analgesics in the postoperative period was comparable between both the groups. There was no significant difference in VAS scores between the groups over 24 h.

Conclusion:
US-guided ESP block can be used as safe and easy to perform alternative analgesic technique over thoracic epidural analgesia for peri-operative pain management in breast cancer surgeries.