bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Novel antiangiogenic therapy targeting biglycan using tumor endothelial cell‐specific liposomal siRNA delivery system
Authors: Maishi Nako , Sakurai Yu , Hatakeyama Hiroto , Umeyama Yui , Nakamura Takashi , Endo Rikito , Alam Mohammad Towfik , Li Cong , Annan Dorcas Akuba‐Muhyia , Kikuchi Hiroshi , Morimoto Hirofumi , Morimoto Masahiro , Akiyama Kosuke , Ohga Noritaka , Hida Yasuhiro , Harashima Hideyoshi , Hida Kyoko 
Published: March 2022

AbstractTumor blood vessels play important roles in tumor progression and metastasis. Targeting tumor endothelial cells (TECs) is one of the strategies for cancer therapy. We previously reported that biglycan, a small leucine‐rich proteoglycan, is highly expressed in TECs. TECs utilize biglycan in an autocrine manner for migration and angiogenesis. Furthermore, TEC‐derived biglycan stimulates tumor cell migration in a paracrine manner leading to tumor cell intravasation and metastasis. In this study, we explored the therapeutic effect of biglycan inhibition in the TECs of renal cell carcinoma using an in vivo siRNA delivery system known as a multifunctional envelope‐type nanodevice (MEND), which contains a unique pH‐sensitive cationic lipid. To specifically deliver MEND into TECs, we incorporated cyclo(Arg–Gly–Asp–D–Phe–Lys) (cRGD) into MEND because αVβ3 integrin, a receptor for cRGD, is selective and highly expressed in TECs. We developed RGD‐MEND‐encapsulating siRNA against biglycan. First, we confirmed that MEND was delivered into OS‐RC‐2 tumor‐derived TECs and induced in vitro RNAi‐mediated gene silencing. MEND was then injected intravenously into OS‐RC‐2 tumor‐bearing mice. Flow cytometry analysis demonstrated that MEND was specifically delivered into TECs. Quantitative RT‐PCR indicated that biglycan was knocked down by biglycan siRNA‐containing MEND. Finally, we analyzed the therapeutic effect of biglycan silencing by MEND in TECs. Tumor growth was inhibited by biglycan siRNA‐containing MEND. Tumor microenvironmental factors such as fibrosis were also normalized using biglycan inhibition in TECs. Biglycan in TECs can be a novel target for cancer treatment.
The metabolomic landscape plays a critical role in glioma oncogenesis
Authors: Masui Kenta , Cavenee Webster K. , Mischel Paul S. , Shibata Noriyuki 
Published: March 2022

AbstractCancer cells depend on metabolic reprogramming for survival, undergoing profound shifts in nutrient sensing, nutrient uptake and flux through anabolic pathways, in order to drive nucleotide, lipid, and protein synthesis and provide key intermediates needed for those pathways. Although metabolic enzymes themselves can be mutated, including to generate oncometabolites, this is a relatively rare event in cancer. Usually, gene amplification, overexpression, and/or downstream signal transduction upregulate rate‐limiting metabolic enzymes and limit feedback loops, to drive persistent tumor growth. Recent molecular‐genetic advances have revealed discrete links between oncogenotypes and the resultant metabolic phenotypes. However, more comprehensive approaches are needed to unravel the dynamic spatio‐temporal regulatory map of enzymes and metabolites that enable cancer cells to adapt to their microenvironment to maximize tumor growth. Proteomic and metabolomic analyses are powerful tools for analyzing a repertoire of metabolic enzymes as well as intermediary metabolites, and in conjunction with other omics approaches could provide critical information in this regard. Here, we provide an overview of cancer metabolism, especially from an omics perspective and with a particular focus on the genomically well characterized malignant brain tumor, glioblastoma. We further discuss how metabolomics could be leveraged to improve the management of patients, by linking cancer cell genotype, epigenotype, and phenotype through metabolic reprogramming.
Print and online textual news media coverage ofUKlow‐risk drinking guidelines from 2014 to 2017: A review and thematic analysis
Authors: Kersbergen Inge , Buykx Penny , Brennan Alan , Brown Jamie , Michie Susan , Holmes John 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIntroductionThe UK low‐risk drinking guidelines were revised in 2016. Drinkers were primarily informed about the guidelines via news media, but little is known about this coverage. This study investigated the scale and content of print and online textual news media coverage of drinking guidelines in England from February 2014 to October 2017.MethodsWe searched the Nexis database and two leading broadcasters' websites (BBC and Sky) for articles mentioning the guidelines. We randomly selected 500 articles to code for reporting date, accuracy, tone, context and purpose of mentioning the guidelines, and among these, thematically analysed 200 randomly selected articles.ResultsArticles mentioned the guidelines regularly. Reporting peaked when the guidelines revision was announced (7.4% of articles). The most common type of mention was within health‐ or alcohol‐related articles and neutral in tone (70.8%). The second most common was in articles discussing the guidelines' strengths and weaknesses, which were typically negative (14.8%). Critics discredited the guidelines' scientific basis by highlighting conflicting evidence and arguing that guideline developers acted politically. They also questioned the ethics of limiting personal autonomy to improve public health. Criticisms were partially facilitated by announcing the guidelines alongside a ‘no safe level of drinking’ message, and wider discourse misrepresenting the guidelines as rules, and highlighting apparent inconsistencies with standalone scientific papers and international guidelines.Discussion and ConclusionsNews media generally covered drinking guidelines in a neutral and accurate manner, but in‐depth coverage was often negative and sought to discredit the guidelines using scientific and ethical arguments.
When it pays off to take a look: Infants learn to follow an object’s motion with their gaze—Especially if it features eyes
Authors: Michel Christine , Pauen Sabina , Hoehl Stefanie 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSocial cues and instrumental learning are two aspects potentially fostering early gaze following. We systematically investigated the influence of social features (schematic eyes vs. reverse‐contrast eyes) and gaze‐contingent reinforcement (elicited vs. not elicited) on 4‐month‐olds’ learning to attend to gaze‐cued objects. In 4 experiments, we tested infants’ (N = 74) gaze following of a turning block with schematic or reverse‐contrast eyes. In Experiments 1 and 2, infants could elicit an attractive animation in a training phase via interactive eye tracking by following the turning of the block. Experiments 3 and 4 were yoked controls without contingent reinforcement. Infants did not spontaneously follow the motion of the block. Four‐month‐olds always followed the block after training when it featured schematic eyes. When the block featured reverse‐contrast eyes, the training phase only affected infants’ looking behavior without reinforcement. While speaking to a certain degree of plasticity, findings stress the importance of eyes for guiding infants’ attention.
Exogenous calcium application enhances salt tolerance of sweet sorghum seedlings
Authors: Yang Wenjing , Gao Yinping , Wang Xuemei , Li Simin , Zheng Hongxiang , Chen Zengting , Wu Fenghui , Du Xihua , Sui Na 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe intensification of global soil salinization has seriously decreased crop yield. At the same time, the rapid increase in population has raised the demand for crop yields. Reasonable use of saline‐alkali land and cultivation of salt‐tolerant crops through transgenic technology becomes more important. Sweet sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.)], as an important energy crop, resists abiotic stress effectively. In our previous salt tolerance gene‐screening experiment of sweet sorghum, it was found that applying calcium ions could alleviate salt stress of sweet sorghum to some extent. Therefore, 10 and 20 mM CaCl2 were applied to explore the effect of exogenous calcium application on salt stress. Compared with the sweet sorghum treated by salt stress, the dry and fresh weight of the plants were significantly increased, and the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) was decreased after applying calcium ions. At the same time, diaminobenzidine and nitro blue tetrazolium chloride monohydrate staining results showed that the contents of H2O2 and O2−• in the plants after calcium application were lower than those only treated with salt stress. To investigate the regulation mechanism of exogenous calcium application alleviating salt stress, RNA‐seq analysis was performed using libraries established in Roma roots under normal and NaCl treatment. Combined with Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes analysis, we found that calcium‐related genes were more involved in the oxidation‐reduction process and carbohydrate metabolism pathway. Among all differentially expressed genes, 12 known functional genes were further explored based on functional annotations and existing studies. To detect whether these 12 genes are related to salt response, we treated the Arabidopsis mutants of their homologous genes with 150 mM NaCl for 7 days. Among them, atglr3.5, atgad4, atiqm4, atglr2.8 and annat7 showed worse growth, lower survival rate and higher MDA content than WT under salt stress. This indicates that applying exogenous calcium can affect the expression of SbGR3.4, SbGADX1, SbIQM4, SbGR2.8 and SbAnnD7, which can regulate the expression of genes related to the lignin degradation, absorption of NH4+, and ubiquitination‐proteasome pathway, energy metabolism and cleaning of ROS accumulation in sweet sorghum under salt stress, so as to enhance the salt tolerance of plants.
Generating Models for Item Preknowledge
Authors: Gorney Kylie , Wollack James A. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDetection methods for item preknowledge are often evaluated in simulation studies where models are used to generate the data. To ensure the reliability of such methods, it is crucial that these models are able to accurately represent situations that are encountered in practice. The purpose of this article is to provide a critical analysis of common models that have been used to simulate preknowledge. Both response accuracy (RA) and response time (RT) models are considered. The justifications and supporting evidence for each model are evaluated using three real data sets, and the impact of generating model on detection power is examined in two simulation studies.
Effects of heat shock on energy metabolism and antioxidant defence in a tropical fish speciesPsalidodon bifasciatus
Authors: Resende Anna Carolina , Mauro Carneiro Pereira Diego , Cristina Schleger Ieda , Dmengeon Pedreiro de Souza Maria Rosa , Alvez Neundorf Ananda Karla , Romão Silvia , Herrerias Tatiana , Donatti Lucélia 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPredictions about global warming have raised interest in assessing whether ectothermic organisms will be able to adapt to these changes. Understanding the physiological mechanisms and metabolic adjustment capacity of fish subjected to heat stress can provide subsidies that may contribute to decision‐making in relation to ecosystems and organisms subjected to global climate change. This study investigated the antioxidant defence system and energy metabolism of carbohydrate and protein responses in the gill, liver and kidney tissues ofPsalidodon bifasciatus(Garavello & Sampaio 2010), a Brazilian freshwater fish used in aquaculture and in biological studies, following exposure to heat shock at 31°C for 2, 6, 12, 24 and 48 h. The fish presented signs of stress in all tissues tested, as evidenced by increased lipid peroxidation concentration at 2 h and phosphofructokinase, hexokinase and malate dehydrogenase activity at 48 h in the gills; increased glutathione‐S‐transferase activity at 12 h, citrate synthase activity at 24 h and concentration of reduced glutathione (GSH) concentration at 12 and 48 h in the liver; and through increased activity of superoxide dismutase at 48 h, glutathione reductase at 24 h, glucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase at 48 h and concentration of GSH at 24 h in the kidney. In the kidneys, changes in the antioxidant system were more prominent, whereas in the gills, there were greater changes in the carbohydrate metabolism. These results indicated the importance of glycolysis and aerobic metabolism in the gills, aerobic metabolism in the liver and pentose‐phosphate pathway in the kidneys during homeostasis. The biomarker response was tissue specific, with the greatest number of biomarkers altered in the gills, followed by those in the kidneys and liver.
Determination of thermal properties (and their uncertainties) during the cooling of apples (Malus communis)
Authors: Santos Newton Carlos , da Silva Wilton Pereira , Gomes Josivanda Palmeira , Barros Sâmela Leal , Silva Cleide Maria D. P. S. E. , Santiago Ângela Maria , da Silva Júnior Aluizio Freire 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe present study goal was to determine the thermal properties of apples during their cooling. Fuji apple was cooled in a domestic refrigerator by natural convection. Thermal properties were determined assuming the geometry of an equivalent sphere. An optimizer software (LS Optimizer) was used for the inverse problem. A new heat conduction software was developed to solve the direct problem, using the spherical geometry of the diffusion equation with the boundary condition of the third kind. Thus, thermal properties of apples and their uncertainties were calculated during cooling. The developed software for the direct problem was used to simulate the cooling kinetics for any previously specified point within the sphere. The fitting of the simulated curve to the experimental points showed coefficient of determination (R2) greater than 0.99 and low values of the chi‐square function (). Therefore, it can be concluded that the spherical geometry and the boundary condition of the third kind were adequate to describe the process of heat removal for apple. Determined values of thermal diffusivity and convective heat transfer coefficient wereα = (1.38 ± 0.07) × 10−7 m2 s−1andh = (1.360 ± 0.018) × 10−6 m s−1, respectively, with confidence intervals of 95.4%. Another confirmation of the developed model was the fact that the thermal diffusivity was similar to the estimate by Riedel correlation (α = 1.38 × 10−7 m2 s−1). The position of the thermocouple in the equivalent sphere calculated by numerical solution wasr = 6.6 mm.Practical ApplicationsOne of the main contributions of this paper is the calculation of thermal parameters along cooling with their uncertainties. This will result in very accurate simulation of the pasteurization and freezing processes. Furthermore, the values obtained in the study can be used to predict new cooling curves for the same product, but with different dimensions.
Applying the family stress model to parental acculturative stress and Latinx youth adjustment: A review of the literature
Authors: Miller Michelle , Csizmadia Annamaria 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe unique challenges and stressors that occur during acculturation, which are often referred to as acculturative stress (AS), have been associated with psychosocial and health challenges that influence parents, youth, and family functioning. Less is known about the role of parental acculturative stress (PAS) and its association to youth adjustment in Latinx families. Highlighting the role of stress in family mechanisms and youth adjustment, the family stress model (FSM) is increasingly used to inform research that explores the association between PAS and youth adjustment in Latinx families. However, integration of its key components is limited in existing work. This article seeks to critically review and integrate research on PAS and Latinx immigrant‐origin youth outcomes by situating the literature within the FSM framework. Findings are analyzed through the FSM lens to identify future directions for research.
Monetary Policy in a Schumpeterian Growth Model with Vertical R&D Sectors
Authors: HUANG CHIEN‐YU , WU YOUCHANG , YANG YIBAI , ZHENG ZHIJIE 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe explore the growth and welfare effects of monetary policy in a Schumpeterian economy with cash‐in‐advance (CIA)‐constrained research and development (R&D) investment in both the upstream and downstream sectors. We show that the nominal interest rate can have an inverted‐U relation with economic growth due to its effects on labor allocations between manufacturing and R&D and between the R&D sectors. Furthermore, aggregate R&D overinvestment is generally sufficient but not necessary for the Friedman rule of zero nominal interest rates to be suboptimal. Calibrated using data from U.S. manufacturing firms, our model features a positive welfare‐maximizing nominal interest rate despite aggregate R&D underinvestment.
Method for quantifying the reaction degree of slag in alkali‐activated cements using deep learning‐based electron microscopy image analysis
Authors: Teck Priscilla , Snellings Ruben , Elsen Jan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we present a methodology for measuring the reaction degree of ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) in alkali‐activated cements using neural network based image analysis. The new methodology consists of an image analysis routine in which the segmentation of the back scattered electron (BSE) (SEM) images is based on a deep learning U‐net. This methodology was applied to and developed for NaOH‐activated slag cements and validated against independently measured XRD results. In a next step the developed method was applied to NaOH‐Na2SO4‐activated systems, to check the broader applicability. The neural networks based image analysis results were shown to correlate well with the XRD results. Once the model was trained, it segmented images fast and accurately. Furthermore, the model trained on the NaOH‐activated systems was readily applicable on NaOH‐Na2SO4‐activated system indicating that the model generalises well. As such, the developed methodology and models can be more performant and robust than conventional threshold‐based image segmentation. The method's accuracy, replicability and transferability make it a promising tool for material analysis and characterisation.
The Neutral Zone Approach with CAD‐CAM Record Bases
Authors: Choi Seonghee , Kim Sunjai , Chang Jae‐Seung 
Published: March 2022

AbstractLack of adequate retention, support, and stability in the complete denture can be attributed to a poor fit or incorrect shape of the polished surfaces. This article presents a case using the neutral zone technique effectively with the fabrication of computer‐aided design and computer‐aided manufacturing (CAD‐CAM) record bases in an edentulous patient with severely resorbed alveolar ridges and discusses the overall treatment steps and clinical implications of this technique. A stable neutral zone and an accurate jaw relation were recorded using CAD‐CAM record bases and stability of complete denture was optimized by arranging denture teeth and reforming polishing surfaces in the neutral zone. A new complete denture was fabricated for a patient with atrophic alveolar ridges by a technique utilizing the neutral zone with CAD‐CAM record bases.
The role of respiratory syncytial virus‐ and rhinovirus‐induced bronchiolitis in recurrent wheeze and asthma—A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Makrinioti Heidi , Hasegawa Kohei , Lakoumentas John , Xepapadaki Paraskevi , Tsolia Maria , Castro‐Rodriguez Jose A. , Feleszko Wojciech , Jartti Tuomas , Johnston Sebastian L. , Bush Andrew , Papaevangelou Vasiliki , Camargo Carlos A. , Papadopoulos Nikolaos G. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIntroductionRespiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most common cause of bronchiolitis. RSV‐induced bronchiolitis has been associated with preschool wheeze and asthma in cohort studies where the comparison groups consist of healthy infants. However, recent studies identify rhinovirus (RV)–induced bronchiolitis as a potentially stronger risk factor for recurrent wheeze and asthma.AimThis systematic review and meta‐analysis aimed to compare the associations of RSV‐ and RV‐induced bronchiolitis with the development of preschool wheeze and childhood asthma.MethodsWe performed a systematic search of the published literature in five databases by using a MeSH term‐based algorithm. Cohort studies that enrolled infants with bronchiolitis were included. The primary outcomes were recurrent wheeze and asthma diagnosis. Wald risk ratios and odds ratios (ORs) were estimated, along with their 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Individual and summary ORs were visualized with forest plots.ResultsThere were 38 studies included in the meta‐analysis. Meta‐analysis of eight studies that had data on the association between infant bronchiolitis and recurrent wheeze showed that the RV‐bronchiolitis group were more likely to develop recurrent wheeze than the RSV‐bronchiolitis group (OR 4.11; 95% CI 2.24–7.56). Similarly, meta‐analysis of the nine studies that had data on asthma development showed that the RV‐bronchiolitis group were more likely to develop asthma (OR 2.72; 95% CI 1.48–4.99).ConclusionThis is the first meta‐analysis that directly compares between‐virus differences in the magnitude of virus‐recurrent wheeze and virus‐childhood asthma outcomes. RV‐induced bronchiolitis was more strongly associated with the risk of developing wheeze and childhood asthma.
Nursery City Innovation: ACELLFramework
Authors: Fan Di , Su Yiyi , Huang Xinli 
Published: March 2022

AbstractHow can innovative cities be cultivated and fertilized? Embracing and reframing insights from multidisciplinary academic discourse, we conceptualize three paired tensional dimensions, namely, the human‐society, the market‐government and the global–local tensions, to form a six‐I city innovation framework. Also termed a CELL framework, the six I‐related key elements are: human intelligence, societal incentives, government involvement, market inclination, global integration, and local interconnection. Taking a holistic view, the set of collective and interdependent institutional elements can serve to analyze the development of city innovation. The key assertion of the study is that a city's innovative ecosystem can be built up, and, more importantly, via configuring key institutional arrangements.
Managerial Practice and Diversity Climate: The Roles of Workplace Voice, Centralization, and Teamwork
Authors: Jiang Zhongnan , DeHart‐Davis Leisha , Borry Erin L. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDiversity climate—shared employee perceptions of the extent to which an organization is inclusive and fair—is of increasing interest to public administration scholars.While research has linked diversity climate to a range of employee and organizational outcomes,less is known about how common managerial practices affect diversity climate.This article addresses this gap by examining three such practices: workplace voice,centralized decision‐making,and teamwork.Each is theoretically expected to act upon both the inclusion and fairness dimensions of diversity climate.We test these expectations using regression analysis of departmental‐level data collected through surveys of four North Carolina public organizations.The results suggest that workplace voice and teamwork enhance diversity climate,while centralized decision‐making diminishes it in workplaces with mostly white employees.Practically speaking,the results imply that common management techniques that benefit public organizations also foster positive diversity climates.Evidence for PracticeEmployee perceptions of the extent to which an organization is fair and inclusive, known as diversity climate, have been linked to a range of important organizational outcomes.Common managerial practices that produce organizational benefits also appear to strengthen diversity climate, specifically workplace voice, decentralized decision‐making, and teamwork.Public managers wishing to improve diversity climate should consider giving employees meaningful voice in workplace decisions, pushing decisions downward, and fostering teamwork.