bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of long working hours on mental health among Chinese medical residents: A multi-center cross-sectional study (Preprint)
Authors: Bai Song , Li Zhiyuan , Liu Dongmei , Liu Xiuping , Su Hui 
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND

Long working hours are common among medical residents and may increase the risk of mental disorders.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to investigate this risk among Chinese medical residents.

METHODS

This multi-center, cross-sectional study was conducted in February 2020; 1,343 residents from eight hospitals in Northeastern China were included in the final analysis. The data were collected from participants via self-reported questionnaires. Depression and anxiety were measured by the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and the General Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) scale, respectively. Adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were determined after adjusting for potential confounders by binary unconditional logistic regression.

RESULTS

The effective response rate was 87.61%. Among the 1,343 participants, 12.88% (173), 9.90% (133), and 9.68% (130) had experienced major depression, major anxiety, and suicidal ideation, respectively. We found that longer weekly worktime increased the risk of major depression, particularly in those who worked for more than 60 hours per week (≥ 61 hours vs. ≤ 40 hours, OR=1.87, P for trend = 0.003). However, this trend was not observed for either major anxiety or suicidal ideation (P for trend > 0.05 for both).

CONCLUSIONS

This study revealed that there was a considerable incidence of poor mental health among medical residents; furthermore, the longer weekly worktime was associated with a higher risk of major depression, especial for those who worked more than 60 hours per week, but this association was not observed in either major anxiety or suicidal ideation. This may help policymakers to develop targeted interventions.
Sex Ratio and Size at First Maturity of Snakehead Gudgeon (Giuris margaritacea) Caught with Gillnets at Bolano Sau Lake, Parigi Moutong District
Authors: Putera Aswad Eka , Nurdin Muh Saleh , Hasanah Nur , Ndobe Samliok , Mansyur Kasim 
Published: July 2022

Tujuan penelitian adalah mengidentifikasi keramahan alat tangkap jaring insang terhadap aktifitas penangkapan ikan payangka di Danau Bolano Sau melalui kajian sex ratio dan ukuran pertama kali matang gonad. Penelitian dilakukan di perairan Danau Bolano Sau pada bulan Agustus sampai Desember 2019. Sampel ikan payangka diperoleh dari hasil tangkapan nelayan yang menggunakan jaring insang dengan mesh size 3½ inchi. Analisis sampel dilakukan di Laboratorium Kualitas Air, Sekolah Tinggi Perikanan dan Kelautan, Palu. Perbedaan sex ratio ikan payangka menggunakan uji Chi-square sedangkan ukuran pertama kali matang gonad diduga berdasarkan metode Spearman–Karber. Ikan payangka yang tertangkap dengan jaring insang di Danau Bolano Sau berukuran 79-163 mm. Sex ratio antara jantan dan betina tidak seimbang dimana jantan lebih dominan daripada betina. Ukuran pertama kali matang gonad sebesar 119, 19 mm. Sehingga disarankan ukuran layak tangkap ikan payangka > 120 mm. Penggunaan jaring insang dalam aktifitas penangkapan ikan payangka berpengaruh terhadap keseimbangan populasi jantan dan betina namun sangat selektif terhadap ukuran.
Growth of Male Turkey at Different Energy Levels
Authors: Awal  , Sarjuni Sri , Tantu Rizal Y. 
Published: July 2022

Kalkun merupakan salah satu jenis unggas dari ordo Galliformes, genus Meleaagriss yang mulai menjadi perhatian masyarakat untuk dibudidayakan. Budidaya kalkun di Indonesia masih sangat kurang, sebagian besar para peternak lebih memilih jenis unggas lain. Ternak kalkun merupakan jenis ternak unggas yang potensial dikembangkan sebagai ternak pedaging, karena memiliki ukuran tubuh yang besar dan mampu memanfaatkan bahan pakan baik berupa butiran dan hijauan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pertumbuhan kalkun jantan umur 19-25 minggu pada tingkat energi berbeda. Penelitian telah dilaksanakan di kandang percobaan Fakultas Peternakan dan Perikanan di Desa Sibalaya Selatan, Kecamatan Tanambulava, Kabupaten Sigi, pada tanggal 24 Juni – 29 Juli 2018. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 3 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan. Perlakuannya adalah R1 = Ransum dengan Energi Metabolis 2800 Kkal/Kg, R2 = Ransum dengan Energi Metabolis 2900 Kkal/Kg, R3 = Ransum dengan Energi Metabolis 3000Kkal/Kg. Peubah yang diamati adalah konsumsi ransum, pertambahan bobot badan dan konversi ransum. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan berpengaruh nyata (P<0,05) terhadap konsumsi ransum, tidak memberikan pengaruh nyata (P>0,05) terhadap pertambahan bobot badan dan konversi ransum. Penggunaan level energi 3000 Kkal/kg memberikan hasil positif terhadap konsumsi ransum pada kalkun jantan umur 19-25 minggu.
Management’s Reporting Motives and the Leniency of Auditors’ Internal Control Evaluations: The Role of Organizational Identification and Auditor-Type
Authors: Commerford Benjamin P. , Mullis Curtis , Stefaniak Chad M. 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT
In a quasi-experiment with external (EA), in-house internal (IIA), and outsourced internal auditors (OIA) as participants in their natural roles, we compare auditors’ internal control evaluations in the presence of differing management reporting motives. Grounded in Organizational Identity (OID) Theory, we find EAs’ evaluations are more (less) lenient when management’s motive is less (more) self-serving. We provide evidence that management’s motives affect EAs’ evaluations because management is a conduit for EAs’ OID and because EAs adopt an affiliative protective orientation. In contrast, we find no evidence management’s motives affect IIAs’ evaluations or that management is an OID conduit for IIAs. Finally, we find that although OIAs and IIAs exhibit similar OID levels, on average, OIAs’ evaluations are more lenient than IIAs’. Our results clarify how auditors form OID, how it manifests into protective behaviors, and suggest EAs’ preference to rely on OIAs’ work over IIAs’ may inadvertently diminish audit quality.
Comparison of Tofogliflozin and Glimepiride Effects on Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Participants With Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized, 48-Week, Open-Label, Active-Controlled Trial
Authors: Takeshita Yumie , Honda Masao , Harada Kenichi , Kita Yuki , Takata Noboru , Tsujiguchi Hiromasa , Tanaka Takeo , Goto Hisanori , Nakano Yujiro , Iida Noriho , Arai Kuniaki , Yamashita Tatsuya , Mizukoshi Eishiro , Nakamura Hiroyuki , Kaneko Shuichi , Takamura Toshinari 
Published: July 2022

OBJECTIVE
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a liver phenotype of type 2 diabetes and obesity. Currently, the efficacy of sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors and sulfonylureas in liver pathology and hepatic gene expression profiles for type 2 diabetes with NAFLD are unknown.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
We conducted a 48 week, randomized, open-label, parallel-group trial involving participants with biopsy-confirmed NAFLD. A total of 40 participants were randomly assigned to receive once daily 20 mg tofogliflozin or 0.5 mg glimepiride. The primary outcome was the percentage of participants with at least an improvement in all individual scores for histological categories of steatosis, hepatocellular ballooning, lobular inflammation, and fibrosis by at least 1 point. The secondary end points were the changes in liver enzymes, metabolic markers, and hepatic gene expression profiles.

RESULTS
Fibrosis scores improved in the tofogliflozin group (60%, P = 0.001), whereas the change from baseline did not differ significantly between the groups (P = 0.172). The histological variables of steatosis (65%, P = 0.001), hepatocellular ballooning (55%, P = 0.002), and lobular inflammation (50%, P = 0.003) were improved in the tofogliflozin group, whereas only hepatocellular ballooning was improved in the glimepiride group (25%, P = 0.025). Hepatic gene expression profiling revealed histology-associated signatures in energy metabolism, inflammation, and fibrosis that were reversed with tofogliflozin.

CONCLUSIONS
Tofogliflozin and, to a lesser degree, glimepiride led to liver histological and metabolic improvement in participants with type 2 diabetes and NAFLD, with no significant difference between the agents. The hepatic expression of the genes involved in energy metabolism, inflammation, and fibrosis was well correlated with liver histological changes and rescued by tofogliflozin. We need further confirmation through long-term larger-scale clinical trials of SGLT2 inhibitors.
Influence of displacement ventilation on the distribution of pollutant concentrations in livestock housing
Authors: Ruifeng Zhang , Hao Wang , Zhenjun Xu 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Under replacement ventilation conditions, a simplified physical model of a tall space (livestock house) was established using ProSim software, and the relevant boundary conditions were set. The airflow size and direction distribution under different air supply and exhaust airflow conditions were obtained by slicing, and the simulation results showed that appropriately increasing the air supply and exhaust airflow helps to increase the pollutant emission rate so that pollutants can be discharged in time, but when the air supply and exhaust airflow were increased to a certain extent, these will cause the airflow vortex phenomenon near the pollutant source, which will enhance the mixing effect of pollutants and surrounding air, making up the pollutant concentration also. The study found that when the indoor air supply and exhaust air volume is increased by 45 times/h, the replacement ventilation effect is optimal and the indoor pollutant concentration is the lowest.
The Effects of Sensory Marketing on Clothing-Buying Behavior
Authors: Tekin Selen , Kanat Seher 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Nowadays, intensive rivalry forces enterprises and brands to strive for differentiation. Use of marketing strategies, which can allure the consumers, effectively is one of the ways of differing oneself from one's rivals. Sensory marketing strategy, which affects the buying behavior and perception of consumers by alluring their senses, is one the marketing strategies whose importance and use have increased in recent years. This strategy also has been intensively used by enterprises that produce and market clothing products, which are one of the basic needs of consumers. In this context, this research study aims to analyze the effects of sensory marketing on clothing-buying behavior. The research aims to reveal how consumers in Turkey, which is one of the leading global clothing exporters and at the same time which is one of the significant markets, are affected by sensory marketing factors during the clothing purchase process. In accordance with the aim of the research, a survey was conducted of consumers who live in the three biggest cities of Turkey and whose ages are 18 and over. The data, which were obtained from field research, were analyzed statistically and suggestions are made to enterprises and brands that produce clothing products and/or market clothing products, on the basis of the study's findings.
The role of foreign aid in the transformation of Iraq's society and economy
Authors: Jaber Hadi 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Foreign aid helps in transforming nations and ensuring that they attain economic development. Foreign aid levels in Iraq are higher than those of its oil-producing neighbors due to numerous factors that are discussed in the present study. Iraq is the second largest oil producer in the Middle East after Saudi Arabia, but some activities within the country have curtailed development, leaving it at the mercy of foreign nations and investors. The present study aims to evaluate the level of foreign aid in Iraq, comparing it to its oil-rich neighbors. It highlights various factors that have increased Iraq's dependence on foreign aid and the role and management of this assistance. The article shows how negative factors like war, poor governance, and corruption have contributed to the over-reliance on foreign aid, in spite of Iraqbeing endowed with natural resources. The qualitative evaluation of the development of Iraq's oil aid reveals that continued reliance on foreign aid will jeopardizes the country's economic development.
Behavior of Vertically Confined Square Footing on Reinforced Sand under Centric Inclined Loading
Authors: Kirtimayee B. , Samadhiya Narendra Kumar 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This study presents the behavior of vertically confined square footing on geogrid-reinforced sand under centric inclined loading through a series of experimental tests. The load was applied at 5°, 10° and 20° angles of inclination with the vertical. The tests were conducted on surface footing, footing with confiner and footing with confiner and horizontal reinforcement configurations subjected to inclined loading. Parametric variations like depth of the confiner (d=1B, 1.5B, 2B), number of geogrid layers (N; varies with variation in depth of confiner), and spacing between horizontal reinforcements (Y=0.25B, 0.5B, 0.75B, 1B) have been investigated at the top surface dimension of confiner (D) as 1.0B, 1.5B and 2.0B (where B is the width of the model footing). Results show that combined effect of confiner and horizontal reinforcement increases the ultimate bearing capacity of footing significantly compared to only confiner for all angle of inclinations. It can also be observed that load bearing capacities decrease with increase in angles of inclination and record the minimum improvement at 20° angle of inclination. Improvement in bearing capacities and reduction in settlement of footing analyzed in terms of bearing capacity ratio (BCR) and settlement reduction factor (SRF) are compared for all footing configurations. To summarize, the test results showed that confiner along with reinforcement can be considered as an economic ground improvement technique for shallow foundations to counter against heavily inclined loading.
Surveillance, Whistleblowing or Ignorance of the GDPR?
Authors: Wasiak Dariusz , Narolski Jerzy , Soczyński Tomasz 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe article is an attempt to draw attention to the intention of the Ministry of Family and Social Policy to shape its own legal policy with regard to the ability of the officials of the Social Insurance Institution (ZUS) to obtain information about individuals subject to official control. Within the proposed changes to Art. 61a of the Act of 25 June 1999 on cash benefits from social insurance in the event of sickness and maternity (Journal of Laws 1999, 60.636, as amended), the Ministry, not taking into account the requirement to ensure the existence of constitutionally guaranteed rights and freedoms, consciously shapes the law positive for full-range surveillance of every person covered by the interest of ZUS. In such circumstances, after adopting the amendments by the Polish Parliament (Sejm), ZUS will be included in the group of law enforcement authorities, as the scope of powers and possibilities its officials in the field have of obtaining information will be unlimited.
Evaluation of the Impact of the Ayurvedic Formulation ”Amruthotharam” on Obesity-Related Diabetic and Hepatic Disorders
Authors: Manish Kumar Gupta  , Ketaki Dhane  , Birendra Shrivasttva  , Supriya Hyam  , Sujit Nagare  
Published: July 2022

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a non-communicable disease that affects people all over the world and is defined by ongoing hyperglycemia. Sulfonylureas, biguanides, -glucosidase inhibitors, and non-sulfonylurea secretagogues are a few oral hypoglycemic medications that are frequently recommended by doctors for managing diabetes. Oral hypoglycemic medication use causes noticeable negative effects, and there is currently no permanent viable treatment for DM recovery. Complementary and alternative therapies must be used to lower the incidence of disease until better medical methods are discovered. The search for an efficient medication, either by itself or in combination, to treat diabetes continues to be fruitless. This might have a viable replacement in the shape of herbal preparations, which are widely employed in conventional medical systems. In order to determine the impact of Amruthotharam kashaya prepared using a traditional method for a four-week treatment period on blood glucose levels as well as other biochemical parameters like total cholesterol, LDL, HDL, and VLDL in HFD-alloxan-induced diabetic rats, the present study was designed. Significant weight loss was also seen with diabetes management, and this was partially reversed after formulation administration. The formulation significantly decreased increased levels of a few particular biochemical markers and avoided other hyperglycemia-related complications. These findings offer scientific support for the anti-diabetic usage of a conventional formulation and imply that the administration of the formulation to rats can be used safely by humans because it lowers the levels of several biochemical factors that contribute to diabetes.
Privacy Rights Forfeiture
Authors: Hanin Mark 
Published: July 2022

Privacy rights can surely be waived. But can they also be forfeited? If so, why and under what conditions? This article takes up these questions by developing a novel theory of privacy rights forfeiture that draws inspiration from Judith Thomson’s canonical work on privacy. The paper identifies two species of forfeiture rooted in modes of negligent and reckless conduct and argues that both self-directed and other-regarding considerations play a role in grounding forfeiture. The paper also contributes to the literature by proposing a new taxonomy of how Hohfeldian entitlements can be divested generally. It likewise engages at length with a recent article by Benedict Rumbold and James Wilson in which the authors criticize Thomson’s work and appear to reject the very idea of privacy forfeiture. In response, I make the case that Rumbold and Wilson’s forfeiture-free model of privacy is unconvincing on substantive moral grounds.
SOSIALISASI DAN EDUKASI MANFAAT PENANAMAN BAKAU DI DESA PANYAMPA KECAMATAN CAMPALAGIAN KABUPATEN POLEWALI MANDAR
Authors: Ardiputra Septiawan 
Published: July 2022

Permasalahan lingkungan hidup dewasa ini banyak dibicarakan orang karena telah tampak adanya pencemaran lingkungan yang diakibatkan oleh perbuatan manusia (Milfont et al., 2006). Menurut Kalantari dan Asadi (2010), hanya dengan mengubah perilaku manusia dapat mengurangi permasalahan lingkungan ini. Kerusakan dapat menurunkan fungsi- fungsi bakau baik secara bioekologis berupa rusaknya ekosistem maupun fungsi ekonomis berupa penurunan produksi. Kesalahan manajemen hutan bakau juga berpotensi besar terhadap degradasi fungsi bakau. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini dilaksanakan dalam bentuk sosialisasi dan edukasi, ceramah, diskusi, tanya jawab dan praktek langsung penanaman bibit bakau di Desa Panyampa. Hasil Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (PKM) ini diharapkan menjadi cikal bakal terciptanya kelestarian ekosistem kawasan bakau, masyarakat sadar lingkungan dan masyarakat yang berdaya menuju pembangunan desa berkelanjutan. Kelestarian lingkungan kawasan bakau memberikan banyak manfaat bagi masyarakat, seperti halnya masyarakat Desa Panyampa yang tinggal di kawasan pesisir pantai yang berprofesi sebagai nelayan. Kawasan hutan bakau telah membantu menjaga ketersediaan sumber daya ikan di laut yang tidak akan habis. Sumber daya tersebut dapat dimanfaatkan oleh nelayan sebagai sumber mata pencahariannya. Semoga kegiatan ini dapat berlanjut secara berkesinambungan dalam berbagai bentuk dan model karena melihat dampak dan manfaat yang dapat dirasakan oleh masyarakat desa. Sehingga diharapkan kegiatan terkait pelestarian kawasan bakau dapat manjadi program rutin bagi pemerintah desa di seluruh Indonesia khususnya desa-desa yang berada di wilayah pesisir pantai.
Motivasi Petani Pada Program Corporate Farming dan Dampaknya Terhadap Produktivitas Usahatani Di Desa Trimulyo Kecamatan Jetis Kabupaten Bantul DIY
Authors: Kartika Dina , Ismiasih Ismiasih , Yusuf Ilma Fatimah 
Published: July 2022

Alih fungsi lahan pertanian di Kabupaten Bantul menyebabkan luas panen, produksi, dan produktivitas menjadi menurun. Selain itu bentuk lahan yang sempit dan terpencar mempengaruhi efisiensi dalam kegiatan usahatani. Upaya untuk mengatasi hal tersebut dapat dilakukan dengan penataan sistem usahatani melalui program corporate farming. Program tersebut dapat terlaksana jika terdapat motivasi dari petani untuk menerapkannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui : motivasi petani terhadap program corporate farming, faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi motivasi petani terhadap program corporate farming, dan dampak program corporate farming terhadap produktivitas usahatani. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Metode penentuan lokasi dan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling, dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 30 orang petani. Metode analisis menggunakan regresi linear berganda dan uji-t. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menujukkan bahwa: motivasi petani ikut dalam program corporate farming adalah untuk memperoleh banyak kemudahan meliputi tersedianya sumber bantuan berupa bibit padi, dana stimulan, sarana dan prasarana berupa traktor, mesin tanam (transplanter) dan alat panen (combine harvester), Faktor yang berpengaruh secara signifikan pada motivasi petani terhadap program corporate farming yaitu adanya kegiatan penyuluhan, Dampak Program corporate farming terhadap produktivitas usahatani berbeda nyata. Implikasi kebijakan untuk petani dan pemerintah bahwa motivasi petani perlu ditingkatkan kembali, dan perlunya adanya pendampingan dari pemerintah secara intensif dalam penerapan program corporate farming.Kata kunci : corporate farming, dampak, motivasi, produktivitas