bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the Extreme Acid Tolerance of a Dynamic Protein Nanocage
Authors: Jones Jesse A. , Andreas Michael P. , Giessen Tobias W. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractEncapsulins are protein nanocages capable of efficient self-assembly and cargo enzyme encapsulation. They are found in a wide variety of bacteria and archaea, including many extremophiles, and are involved in iron and sulfur homeostasis, oxidative stress resistance, and secondary metabolite production. Resistance against physicochemical extremes like high temperature and low pH is a key adaptation of many extremophiles and also represents a highly desirable feature for many biotechnological applications. However, no systematic characterization of acid stable encapsulins has been carried out, while the influence of pH on encapsulin shells has so far not been thoroughly explored. Here, we report on a newly identified encapsulin nanocage (AaEnc) from the acid-tolerant bacterium Acidipropionibacterium acidipropionici. Using transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, and proteolytic assays, we demonstrate its extreme acid tolerance and resilience against proteases. We structurally characterize the novel nanocage using cryo-electron microscopy, revealing a dynamic five-fold pore that displays distinct “closed” and “open” states at neutral pH, but only a singular “closed” state under strongly acidic conditions. Further, the “open” state exhibits the largest pore in an encapsulin shell reported to date. Non-native protein encapsulation capabilities are demonstrated, and the influence of external pH on internalized cargo is explored. AaEnc is the first characterized highly acid stable encapsulin with a unique pH-dependent dynamic pore and its molecular characterization provides novel mechanistic details underlying the pH stability of large dynamic protein complexes.
Balancing p38 MAPK Signaling with Proteostasis Mechanisms Supports Tissue Integrity during Aging inC. elegans
Authors: Yuan Wang , Weaver Yi M. , Earnest Svetlana , Taylor Clinton A. , Cobb Melanie H. , Weaver Benjamin P. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractLike other p38 MAPKs,C. elegansPMK-1 is activated by phosphorylation during stress responses and inactivated by phosphatases. PMK-1 initiates immune response and blocks development when hyperactivated. Here we show that PMK-1 signaling is essential for tissue homeostasis during aging. Loss of PMK-1 accelerates progressive declines in neuronal integrity and lysosome function compromising longevity. Enhancing p38 signaling with caspase cleavage-resistant PMK-1 protects lysosomal and neuronal integrity extending a youthful phase. The cleavage-resistant PMK-1 mutant behaves oppositely to thepmk-1null in regulating both transcriptional and protein degradation programs supporting tissue homeostasis. PMK-1 activates a complex transcriptional program and requires UNC-62 (MEIS), FOS/JUN, and DAF-16 (FOXO) transcription factors to regulate lysosome formation which is both cell autonomous and non-cell autonomous. We show that during early aging the absolute phospho-p38 amount is nearly constant but maintained at a small percentage of total p38. The reservoir of non-phospho-p38 diminishes during early aging to enhance signaling without hyperactivation. CED-3 caspase cleavage limits phosphorylated PMK-1 and truncated PMK-1 is rapidly degraded by the proteasome. Modulating phospho-p38 ratio confers dynamic control for tissue-homeostasis without activating stress response to support longevity.
Nonviral base editing ofKCNJ13mutation preserves vision in an inherited retinal channelopathy
Authors: Kabra Meha , Shahi Pawan K. , Wang Yuyuan , Sinha Divya , Spillane Allison , Newby Gregory A. , Saxena Shivani , Tong Yao , Chang Yu , Abdeen Amr A. , Edwards Kimberly L. , Theisen Cole O. , Liu David R. , Gamm David M. , Gong Shaoqin , Saha Krishanu , Pattnaik Bikash R. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractClinical genome editing is emerging for rare disease treatment, but one of the major limitations is the targeted delivery of CRISPR editors. We delivered base editors to the retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE) in the mouse eye using silica nanocapsules (SNC) as a treatment for retinal degeneration. Leber Congenital Amaurosis (LCA16) is a rare pediatric blindness caused by point mutations in theKCNJ13gene, a loss-of-function inwardly rectifying potassium channel (Kir7.1) in the RPE. SNC carrying adenine base editor (ABE8e) mRNA and single-guide RNA precisely and efficiently correctedKCNJ13W53X/W53Xmutation. Editing in both patient fibroblasts (47%) and human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived RPE (LCA16-iPSC-RPE) (17%) had a negligible off-target response. Functional Kir7.1 channels were recorded from the edited LCA16-iPSC-RPE. In the LCA16 mouse model (Kcnj13W53X/+ΔR), RPE cells targeted SNC delivery of ABE8e mRNA preserved normal visual function measured by full-field electroretinogram (ERG). Moreover, multifocal ERG confirmed the topographic measure of electrical activity primarily originating from the edited retinal area at the injection site. Preserved retina structure, post-treatment, was established by Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT). This preclinical validation of targeted ion channel functional rescue, a challenge for pharmacological and genomic interventions, reinforces the effectiveness of nonviral genome editing therapy for rare inherited disorders.Graphical abstract
Inducible Bronchus-Associated Lymphoid Tissue in SARS-CoV-2 Infected Rhesus Macaques
Authors: Ma Zhong-Min , Olstad Katherine J. , Van Rompay Koen K A , Iyer Smita S. , Miller Christopher J. , Reader Rachel J 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPulmonary immunity against SARS-CoV-2 infection has not been well studied. This study investigated the distribution of immune cells int the lungs of 8 rhesus macaques experimentally infected with SARS-CoV-2, and euthanized 11-14 days later. Using immunohistochemistry, inducible bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue was found in all animals. The inducible bronchus-associated lymphoid tissues were composed of B cells, T cells, and follicular dendritic cells with evidence of lymphocyte priming and differentiation. This suggests local immunity plays an important role in the SARS-CoV-2 infection. Further study of local immunity in the lung would benefit our understanding of SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis and could lead to new interventions to control the SARS-CoV-2 infection and disease.
Optical Control of Translation with a Puromycin-Photoswitch
Authors: Ko Tongil , Oliveira Mauricio , Alapin Jessica M. , Morstein Johannes , Klann Eric , Trauner Dirk 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACTTranslation is an elementary cellular process that involves a large number of factors interacting in a concerted fashion with the ribosome. Numerous natural products have emerged that interfere with ribosomal function, such as puromycin, which mimics an aminoacyl tRNA and causes premature chain termination. Here, we introduce a photoswitchable version of puromycin that, in effect, puts translation under optical control. Our compound, termed puroswitch, features a diazocine that allows for reversible and nearly quantitative isomerization and pharmacological modulation. Its synthesis involves a new photoswitchable amino acid building block. Puroswitch shows little activity in the dark and becomes substantially more active and cytotoxic, in a graded fashion, upon irradiation with various wavelengths of visible light. In vitro translation assays confirm that puroswitch inhibits translation with a mechanism similar to that of puromycin itself. Once incorporated into nascent proteins, puroswitch, reacts with standard puromycin antibodies, which allows for tracking de novo protein synthesis using western blots and immunohistochemistry. As a cell-permeable small molecule, puroswitch can be used for nascent proteome profiling in a variety of cell types, including primary mouse neurons. We envision puroswitch as a useful biochemical tool for the optical control of translation and for monitoring newly synthesized proteins in defined locations and at precise time points.
Large neutral amino acid levels tune perinatal neuronal excitability and survival
Authors: Knaus Lisa S. , Basilico Bernadette , Malzl Daniel , Bujalkova Maria Gerykova , Smogavec Mateja , Schwarz Lena A. , Gorkiewicz Sarah , Amberg Nicole , Pauler Florian , Rülicke Thomas , Menche Jörg , Hippenmeyer Simon , Novarino Gaia 
Published: July 2022

SUMMARYSurprisingly little is known about the critical metabolic changes that neural cells have to undergo during development and how even mild, temporary shifts in this program can influence brain circuitries and behavior. Inspired by the discovery that mutations in SLC7A5, a transporter of metabolically-relevant large neutral amino acids, lead to a form of autism spectrum disorder, we employed metabolomic profiling to study the metabolic states of the cerebral cortex across different stages of life. We found that the cerebral cortex undergoes significant metabolic remodeling throughout development, with certain groups of metabolites showing stage-specific changes. But what are the consequences of interfering with this metabolic program? By manipulating Slc7a5 expression in neural cells, we found that the metabolism of large neutral amino acids and lipids in the cerebral cortex are highly interconnected. Deletion of Slc7a5 in neurons perturbs specifically the postnatal metabolic state leading to a shift in lipid metabolism and a stage- and cell-type-specific alteration in neuronal activity patterns, resulting in a long-term cortical circuit dysfunction.
KsgA facilitates ribosomal small subunit maturation by proofreading a key structural lesion
Authors: Sun Jingyu , Kinman Laurel F. , Jahagirdar Dushyant , Ortega Joaquin , Davis Joseph H. 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACTRibosome assembly is orchestrated by many assembly factors, including ribosomal RNA methyltransferases whose precise role is poorly understood. Here, we leverage the power of cryo-EM and machine learning to discover that the bacterial methyltransferase KsgA performs a novel “proofreading” function in assembly of the ribosomal small subunit by recognizing and partially disassembling particles that have matured but are not competent for translation. We propose that this activity allows inactive particles an opportunity to reassemble into an active state, thereby increasing overall assembly fidelity. Detailed structural quantifications in our datasets additionally enabled expansion of the Nomura assembly map to highlight rRNA helix and r-protein interdependencies, which newly details how binding and docking of these elements are tightly coupled. These results have wide-ranging implications in our understanding of the quality control mechanisms governing ribosome biogenesis, and showcase the power of heterogeneity analysis in cryo-EM to unveil functionally relevant information in biological systems.
Questioning the phenomenon of void in the built environment through a multidisciplinary perspective
Authors: Grabar Marie , Dupre Karine 
Published: July 2022

PurposeThe aim of this article is to understand the definitions, trends and gaps currently existing in the literature regarding the concept of void in the built environment.Design/methodology/approachThe method used for this article is based on a bilingual narrative literature review, the authors being fluent both in French and English. The advantage of any literature review is that it allows researchers to gather and analyse existing academic literature on a specific subject. The chosen technique gives a thorough understanding of the study and helps in identifying research gaps. The literature review was sequential, online and used ScienceDirect, Scopus and Sage Knowledge as databases.FindingsThere are three main findings regarding this literature review. The first shows that the void is lacking consensus regarding its definition and attributes, yet this is unanimously considered as an existing space in the city. The second finding shows that voids are talking to our emotions and perceptions and more studies could investigate a new planning/design approach in taking this into consideration. At last, the third findings shows that there are some gaps that need to be further researched, such as the difference between Western and Eastern cultures to use voids in architecture.Originality/valueIn compiling 35 articles focussing on the void, this article proposes a valuable source of knowledge regarding this topic, as well as delineates new research directions.
A cross cultural examination of “off-price” fashion shopping
Authors: Mortimer Gary , Grimmer Martin , Grimmer Louise , Wang Shasha , Su Jin 
Published: July 2022

PurposeThe “off-price” retailing concept is defined as the presentation of limited inventories of products in a “disorganised” retail environment which provides an extra level of “challenge” to the shopping experience. Research has identified “off-price” shoppers as those who approach this challenging experience in a purposeful, task-driven way. This current research contributes new knowledge by testing the impact of antecedents (i.e. involvement) on the “off-price” shopper experience and the moderating role of national culture across two distinct cultural groups.Design/methodology/approachData were collected via a self-completed, anonymous, online survey provided to a sample of Australian (n = 355) and Chinese (n = 400) shoppers who were identified as regularly shopping for fashion in “off-price” retail stores.FindingsThe research found that the consumer's level of involvement positively impacted their “off-price” shopping experience in terms of effort/mastery and pride. However, in contrast to current knowledge of East-Asian and Western cultural variances, limited moderation effects were identified. All national cultural dimensions interacted with product involvement in influencing consumer pride. Whilst product involvement decreased with pride in higher individualism, uncertainty avoidance, long-term orientation and indulgence cultures, these reversed in cultures with a lower score in these four dimensions.Originality/valueThis new research extends knowledge of “off-price” shopper behaviour by testing the levels of involvement and experience across two distinctly different cultures – East Asian and Western – and challenges existing knowledge of cultural variances. Further, the work extends the use of achievement goal theory as an approach to delineate these consumers from other cohorts.
How fakes make it through: the role of review features versus consumer characteristics
Authors: Azimi Shabnam , Chan Kwong , Krasnikov Alexander 
Published: July 2022

Purpose
This study aims to examine how characteristics of an online review and a consumer reading the review influence the probability that the consumer will assess the review as authentic (real) or inauthentic (fake). This study further examines the specific factors that increase or decrease a consumer’s ability to detect a review’s authenticity and reasons a consumer makes these authenticity assessments.

Design/methodology/approach
Hypothesized relationships were tested using an online experiment of over 400 respondents who collectively provided 3,224 authenticity assessments along with 3,181 written self-report reasons for assessing a review as authentic or inauthentic.

Findings
The findings indicate that specific combinations of factors including review valence, length, readability, type of content and consumer personality traits and demographics lead to systematic bias in assessing review authenticity. Using qualitative analysis, this paper provided further insight into why consumers are deceived.

Research limitations/implications
This research showed there are important differences in the way the authenticity assessment process works for positive versus negative reviews and identified factors that can make a fake review hard to spot or a real review hard to believe.

Practical implications
This research has implications for both consumers and businesses by emphasizing areas of vulnerability for fake information and providing guidance for how to design review systems for improved veracity.

Originality/value
This research is one of the few works that explicates how people assess information authenticity and their consequent assessment accuracy in the context of online reviews.
Impacts of brand digitalization on brand market performance: the mediating role of brand competence and brand warmth
Authors: Li Yao , Song Xuge , Zhou Mi 
Published: July 2022

PurposeThis study examines the relationship between brand digitalization and brand market performance, mediated by brand competence and brand warmth and moderated by brand familiarity, from a consumer perspective.Design/methodology/approachThis study conducted a 2 (brand digitalization: yes vs no) × 2 (brand familiarity: high vs low) between-subject experiment and administered a survey with 693 valid responses. Two-way analysis of variance, Hayes' PROCESS macro and a linear regression model were used to analyze the data.FindingsBrand digitalization positively affects brand market performance, which is mediated by brand competence and brand warmth. In addition, brand familiarity has a moderating effect on the relationship between brand digitalization and brand market performance, as well as on the mediating effect of brand competence and brand warmth.Practical implicationsBrand managers should enhance the integration of digital technologies into brand building and management and develop brand communication strategies that emphasize brand digitalization based on consumers' brand familiarity.Originality/valueThis study advances current knowledge of the drivers of brand performance by constructing the concept of brand digitalization and examining its role in improving brand market performance. Additionally, this study deepens our understanding of the relationship between digital technology usage and consumer brand response by examining the mediating effect of brand competence and brand warmth and the moderating effect of brand familiarity.
Gender equality boost for regenerative tourism: the case of Karenni village Huay Pu Keng (Mae Hong Son, Thailand)
Authors: Nitsch Brigitte , Vogels Charlotte 
Published: July 2022

PurposeThis paper display how “objectifying” forms of tourism can be converted into a more gender-equal regenerative tourism.Design/methodology/approachThe methodology generates shared understandings about the opportunities and challenges of implementing regenerative tourism by stimulating gender equality. The research design is based on qualitative research methods. Using a transformative tourism development process of the Karenni village Huay Pu Keng in Thailand, which is the first and only village that made this transition, the results of a process to stimulate the empowerment of women have been described.FindingsThe desk research and conversations reported in the findings of this paper provide important insights in the social impacts in relation to gender equality and women empowerment. The community has become a role model for transformative tourism in relation to gender equality. Findings included that women are more involved in tourism activities, which has created a positive shift towards a gender balance. However, there is still a difference in education and participation between men and women. The study further reveals how tourism contributes to enliven the indigenous traditions and cultures and be a model for future developments in creating life-long meaningful experiences.Originality/valueInsights of the first and only Karenni village that made a transition to community-based tourism demonstrate how the community has been empowered. It improved the gender balance to make strategic decisions towards transforming their futures. Exploring this process is therefore valuable, as it contains knowledge that can be advantageous for other communities and research.
Talent identification strategy in Latin American multinationals: perceptions of corporate actors
Authors: Golik Mariela Natacha , Blanco Maria Rita 
Published: July 2022

Purpose
Talent identification is a critical process of any Global Talent Management system, and little is known about it in Latin American multinationals (multilatinas). This study aims to understand, through the perceptions of Corporate Global Talent Managers, the talent identification strategy in place, the factors involved and the sources of the tools for its implementation.

Design/methodology/approach
The sample is made up of 17 multilatinas (Argentina, Brazil, Mexico, Chile and Colombia). Semi- structured interviews were conducted with Corporate Global Talent Managers.

Findings
Results reveal that the standardisation strategy constitutes the main trend. This choice is explained by numerous factors such as the new corporate structures, the entry mode via mergers and acquisitions, the national/regional culture, geographical closeness and shared cultural affinity, organizational culture, host country management practices and level of integration between headquarters and subsidiaries. Most of the multilatinas do not rely on “best practices”; they prefer home-made tools instead. Several factors were identified. Conclusions and further research are presented.

Originality/value
This paper attempts to fill a perceived gap in the literature investigating, empirically, the talent identification strategy in multilatinas.
How accountants responded to the financial fallout owing to the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Botes Vida , Davey Howard , Esposo Daniel , Smit Bruce Rust 
Published: July 2022

Purpose
Before the COVID-19 pandemic, the last time a crisis affected businesses worldwide by putting economies into hibernation was in 1918 – the Great Influenza Pandemic. Environmental, social and governance frameworks require businesses to respond to such crises as it significantly changes the business environment. With approximately 2.84 million accountants existing across 130 countries, this study aims to determine whether the accounting profession responded to this crisis. As these responses can provide insights into the type of activities accountants performed during the lockdown, the authors analysed them for emerging themes and identified changes in the way that accountants performed tasks.

Design/methodology/approach
Using search engines, the authors examined publicly available secondary sources such as websites of professional bodies, the Big Four and mid-tier accounting firms and government organisations using the keyword “COVID-19” to identify responses on issues faced by accountants during the 2020 lockdown period in New Zealand. The authors used interpretive text analysis to examine the responses for emerging themes.

Findings
The accountants’ responses to the COVID-19 pandemic emphasised information technology and soft skills but most importantly the interaction, integration and immersion of technical skills with information technology and soft skills. The findings also highlight changes in the way accountants performed their tasks.

Originality/value
The study insights enable accounting academics to better understand the interconnection between hard and soft skills for incorporating it in syllabi, thereby preparing students for future roles. In addition, the study findings will assist both practitioners and researchers to explore the emerging changes in the way accountants perform their tasks.