bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The relation between body mass index and primary dysmenorrhea: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Wu Lingsha , Zhang Jing , Tang Jie , Fang Haiyan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIntroductionThe relation between body mass index (BMI) categories and the occurrence of primary dysmenorrhea has been investigated, but the results of these studies are inconsistent and controversial. The aim of our study was to systematically review the literature and investigate the association between each category of BMI and the occurrence of primary dysmenorrhea.Material and methodsWe conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis of observational studies related to BMI and primary dysmenorrhea. Eleven databases—PubMed, Medline, Embase, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Scopus, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Chinese Science and Technology Periodical Database (VIP), Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), and Wanfang database—were systematically searched from inception to March 2022. We used the 11 items recommended by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality to assess the quality of included studies. The Q test and the I2 test were used to evaluate the heterogeneity among studies. Odds ratios (OR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) were pooled by fixed‐effects models or random‐effects models. Stata software version 16.0 was used to complete the statistical analyses.ResultsA total of 4181 articles were collected from the database, and 12 studies were included based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. A total of 29 647 participants were included in the study, with a mean baseline age of 17–45 years. All included literature was published between 2017 and 2021 and was conducted in six countries. Eleven included studies were of medium quality and one included study was of high quality. Being underweight may be related to the occurrence of primary dysmenorrhea (12 studies, n = 6545, OR 1.43, 95% CI 1.18–1.73). Being overweight (12 studies, n = 3098) and obesity (four studies, n = 94) may not be associated with the development of primary dysmenorrhea.ConclusionsBeing underweight may increase the risk of the occurrence of primary dysmenorrhea, whereas overweight and obesity might not be associated with primary dysmenorrhea. Due to the limitations of the meta‐analysis, more studies are needed to investigate the relation between each category of BMI and the occurrence of primary dysmenorrhea. To maintain a balanced diet and an appropriate lifestyle is beneficial for people to have the normal category of BMI and live a healthy life, which may play a role in preventing the occurrence of primary dysmenorrhea.
Penalized Estimation of Frailty-Based Illness–Death Models for Semi-Competing Risks
Authors: Reeder Harrison T. , Lu Junwei , Haneuse Sebastien 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSemi-competing risks refer to the time-to-event analysis setting, where the occurrence of a non-terminal event is subject to whether a terminal event has occurred, but not vice versa. Semi-competing risks arise in a broad range of clinical contexts, including studies of preeclampsia, a condition that may arise during pregnancy and for which delivery is a terminal event. Models that acknowledge semi-competing risks enable investigation of relationships between covariates and the joint timing of the outcomes, but methods for model selection and prediction of semi-competing risks in high dimensions are lacking. Moreover, in such settings researchers commonly analyze only a single or composite outcome, losing valuable information and limiting clinical utility—in the obstetric setting, this means ignoring valuable insight into timing of delivery after preeclampsia has onset. To address this gap, we propose a novel penalized estimation framework for frailty-based illness–death multi-state modeling of semi-competing risks. Our approach combines non-convex and structured fusion penalization, inducing global sparsity as well as parsimony across submodels. We perform estimation and model selection via a pathwise routine for non-convex optimization, and prove statistical error rate results in this setting. We present a simulation study investigating estimation error and model selection performance, and a comprehensive application of the method to joint risk modeling of preeclampsia and timing of delivery using pregnancy data from an electronic health record.
Rural futures? Mapping newcomers' hopes about potential resettlement in Canadian rural areas
Authors: Rishworth Andrea , Niraula Ashika , Dean Jennifer , Wilson Kathi , Ghassemi Effat , Baldo Amanda 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe Canadian government recently launched initiatives to promote immigrant settlement outside of traditional gateway cities, in small towns and rural areas. These initiatives attempt to mitigate socio‐economic impacts of population decline, and address barriers to successful integration in urban areas. Drawing on the geographies of hope, this paper examines how newcomers navigate hopes as they imagine rural resettlement in Ontario. Based on focus groups with immigrants (n = 50), the findings suggest that newcomers' imagined rural futures are a dynamic and mobile process, shaped by competing hopes for a stable life. Rural imaginaries can sometimes provide a generative space to realize hopes and develop new future aspirations, other times they can constrain hopes for intergenerational futures. We contend that newcomer hopes arise in moments of relocation uncertainty, shaped by competing visions, interests, and priorities at individual and collective scales. Newcomers' expectations of rural futures are always enlivened with a sense of optimism for what has not yet become, but are equally replete with angst and anxiety for the future. This article concludes that future geographic research on migration‐hope‐place interactions, particularly in the health subfield, should engage constructions, experiences, and enactments of hope that mediate relocations and the policies governing them.
mTORi‐based immunosuppression reduces HCC recurrence at the expense of increased adverse side effects: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Zhang Gongming , Duan Binwei , Li Guangming 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSirolimus and everolimus are mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors (mTORi) that can reduce relapse rates following liver transplantation (LT) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Herein, we performed a systematic review and meta‐analysis to investigate the efficacy of mTORi and calcineurin inhibitors (CNI) in reducing HCC recurrence and survival adverse effects (AEs) in HCC patients after LT. Systematic literature searches were conducted using MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases up to October 2021. The primary outcomes of interest were tumor recurrence rates and overall survival. The secondary outcomes were the characterization and incidence of AEs. A total of 38 trials involving 10,607 participants was included in the analysis. The incidence of recurrence and overall mortality was significantly lower in the mTORi than in the CNI group (relative ratio [RR]: .78, 95% confidence interval [CI]: .68‒.89 and RR: .76, 95% CI: .67‒.86, respectively). The incidence of some AEs and complications such as acne, anemia, abnormal healing, dyslipidemia, depression, diarrhea, edema, headache/migraine, hypercholesterolemia, incisional hernia, infection, leukopenia, mouth ulceration, pyrexia, proteinuria, pruritis, rash, and thrombocytopenia were higher in the mTORi than in the CNI group. mTORi reduced the recurrence incidence and overall 5‐year mortality rate but increased many other incidences of AEs compared with that by CNI. Therefore, clinicians should be aware of the risks and benefits of mTORi use when managing patients undergoing LT for HCC.
Student perceptions of the current drinking culture in three Australian residential colleges: Drinking motives, consequences and recommendations for harm minimisation strategies
Authors: Davidson Lily , Mefodeva Valeriya , Walter Zoe , Hides Leanne 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIntroductionSystemic cultural factors related to excessive alcohol consumption have been identified in Australian university residential colleges. In this mixed methods study, we conducted focus groups with student leaders at three Australian residential colleges. We aimed to explore students' perceptions of alcohol use and related consequences in their current college environment and gather feedback from students on the utility of alcohol harm minimisation strategies in this context.MethodsIn November 2020, 77 student leaders from three colleges participated in focus groups. Each focus group ran for 1.5–2 hours and included three sections: (i) quantitative survey; (ii) semi‐structured group interview; and (iii) feedback on a potential alcohol harm minimisation workshop.ResultsThe survey revealed that 81% of participants reported drinking hazardously. Thematic analysis of the interview data indicated many students perceived college as a supportive environment regarding students' alcohol use choices (direct peer pressure to drink was uncommon). However, indirect social influence to drink appeared to maintain a ‘culture of intoxication’. Specifically, social norms to attend college events (where drinking is implied) and modelling of excessive drinking were key indirect influences on heavy drinking norms. Students were aware and accepting of many alcohol harm minimisation strategies and interested in improving current strategies.Discussion and ConclusionsDespite the supportive college environment described by students, regarding alcohol use choices, a ‘culture of intoxication’ driven by indirect social influences was evident. Student leaders' interest in increasing the availability of harm minimisation strategies highlights the potential utility of peer‐led alcohol interventions in colleges.
Novel weight estimation equation for children with cerebral palsy in low‐resource settings: Validation in a population‐based cohort
Authors: Jahan Israt , Ruiz Brunner Maria de las Mercedes , Muhit Mohammad , Hossain Iskander , Cuestas Eduardo , Cieri M. Elisabeth , Condinanzi Ana L. , Escobar Zuluaga L. Johana , Badawi Nadia , Khandaker Gulam 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAimTo validate a novel equation to estimate weight from mid‐upper arm circumference (MUAC) among children with cerebral palsy (CP) in rural Bangladesh.MethodChildren with CP aged 2 to 18 years registered in the Bangladesh CP Register were randomly selected. Data on sociodemographics, Gross Motor Function Classification System level, and anthropometric measurements were extracted. Bland–Altman plots with a 95% agreement limit and Lin's concordance correlation coefficient with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were reported to measure agreement between observed and estimated weight. Percentage error was used to determinate the method's accuracy.ResultsThere were 497 participants with a mean age at assessment of 9 years (SD 4 years 11 months) (47.7% female). Lin's concordance correlation coefficient between the observed and estimated weights was 0.90 (95% CI 0.89–0.92). Bland–Altman plots showed a reasonable accuracy of the equation in the study cohort. The mean percentage error of the equation was 5.04%. The average difference between observed and estimated weights was −1.02 kg (SD 5.1). The differences between observed and estimated weights were significantly greater among children with weight‐for‐age, height‐for‐age, or BMI‐for‐age z‐scores less than or equal to −4.InterpretationIt is possible to predict the weight of children with CP from MUAC with sufficient accuracy. The equation can be used for populations in low‐resources and low‐ and middle‐income countries.What this paper adds

The equations predict the weight of children with cerebral palsy from their mid‐upper arm circumference reasonably accurately.
The difference between observed and estimated weights ranged between 0 kg and ± 5 kg in 81.5% of children.
Sex and Gross Motor Function Classification System level did not affect the accuracy of the equations.
The equations were less accurate for estimating the weight of severely undernourished children.
Cheek‐to‐cheek: Communal nesting in an ephemeral pool‐breeding frog
Authors: Gould John , Clulow John , Clulow Simon 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCommunal nesting is a behaviour exhibited by some oviparous species, the adults of which deposit their eggs over the same time period in a common area and possibly in direct physical contact. While this may occur inadvertently, it is proposed to be an adaptive trait in some species. Herein, we describe both solitary and communal nesting behaviours in the sandpaper frog (Lechriodus fletcheri). Field observations over two consecutive breeding seasons revealed that adults of this species frequently deposit their eggs in frothed nests alongside those of other mating pairs to form floating communal rafts or “masses” on the surface of the water. The presence of communal masses despite; (i) the relatively small number of nests deposited within each breeding episode and (ii) the space available for nests to be deposited separately within a pool, both indicate that some adults are deliberately choosing to lay their nests together. We propose that adults are thus engaging in a form of social behaviour and that communal nesting may be highly advantageous for improving offspring survival by complimenting the anti‐predator properties of the froth nest. This is because the communal mass further isolates embryos from the external environment during development prior to hatching, given a reduction in the surface area relative to volume of each nest that composes the mass. While future research is required to determine why both solitary and communal nesting behaviours are exhibited in this species, it could suggest that there are certain costs associated with communality that occasionally outweigh the benefits.
NHS knowledge and library services in England in the digital age
Authors: Lacey Bryant Sue , Bridgen Richard , Hopkins Emily , McLaren Catherine , Stewart David 
Published: September 2022

AbstractNational Health Service (NHS) knowledge and library services in England are integrating digital advances into their systems and services. Health Education England (HEE) leads on the development of NHS library services. A key workstream focuses on (1) improving the infrastructure to enable discovery and management of digital knowledge resources; (2) collaborating with local teams to establish regional library management systems that are integrated with the new national discovery service for healthcare staff and learners. This article explores initiatives on resource discovery as well as the need for system‐wide partnership working to ensure that biomedical knowledge in computable form is findable, accessible, interoperable and reusable. Low levels of health and digital literacy pose a significant barrier to using health information and accessing health services. A range of interventions are aimed at enhancing citizens' digital and health literacy skills. The education and life‐long learning needs of the knowledge and library services workforce are considered. Working with CILIP and higher education institutions, HEE delivers a range of educational offers through its Learning Academy. As Artificial Intelligence and automation are implemented in health systems, knowledge and library staff form a crucial bridge between technology and those who use it.
Evaluation of renal parenchyma stiffness in children with nephropathy by shear wave elastography: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Yao Shixiang , Liu Xiao , Wang Hongying , Yu Hongkui 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe role of shear wave elastography (SWE) in assessing renal parenchymal stiffness in children with nephropathy is obscure. This systematic review and meta‐analysis investigated this issue.Materials and MethodsPubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library databases were searched for studies evaluating renal parenchyma stiffness in children with nephropathy by SWE from inception to October 2021. The search was not limited by language. Two investigators independently screened the literature and extracted data. Any discrepancies were resolved via discussion with the senior professor. Study quality was assessed by the Newcastle‐Ottawa Scale and the standardized mean difference of shear wave velocity (SWV) for the evaluation of renal parenchyma stiffness was determined.ResultsEight studies involving a total of 496 children with nephropathy and 353 healthy children were selected. Eight studies used SWV as parameters of renal parenchyma stiffness. The SWV was not significantly different in children with renal lesion than in those without renal lesion, with a standardized mean difference of 0.49 (95% confidence level, −0.40 to 1.39, p = 0.28). There was a high heterogeneity between studies.ConclusionAlthough there was significant difference in SWE of renal parenchyma between controls and patients in each study we included, statistical differences were not seen after results of all research were amalgamated due to different diseases with different pathomechanisms. SWE could be used to evaluate renal parenchymal stiffness in children with kidney disease after more well‐designed and high‐quality studies with a large sample size will be performed in the future.
Exploring the social care‐related quality of life outcomes of adults with intellectual disabilities through the use of Talking Mats®
Authors: Darvell Cathy , Bradshaw Jill 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundViews on social care related quality of life (SCRQol) are typically gathered directly from individuals or from proxy informants. Easy‐read options are available, although such methods may not be accessible to those with greater communication challenges.MethodsFifteen people with intellectual disabilities were interviewed about their SCRQoL using Talking Mats® (TM). A descriptive approach was taken to exploring what people had to say.ResultsParticipants reported high levels of satisfaction with living conditions and personal care routines. They were mostly satisfied with the level of choice and control they had and with their carers.ConclusionsPeople with intellectual disabilities who have greater communication challenges can make meaningful contributions to the assessment of the care they receive. Talking Mats is one tool which can be used to support people with intellectual disabilities to give their views.
Impact on right ventricular performance in patients undergoing permanent pacemaker implantation: Left bundle branch pacing versus right ventricular septum pacing
Authors: Huang Xinyi , Lin Manxin , Huang Shufen , Guo Jincun , Li Linlin , Chen Simei , Huang Kunhui , Wu Jian , Su Maolong , Cai Binni 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe novel method of left bundle branch pacing (LBBP) has been reported to achieve better electrical and mechanical synchrony in the left ventricle than conventional right ventricular pacing (RVP). However, its effects on right ventricle (RV) performance are still unknown.MethodsConsecutive patients undergoing dual‐chamber pacemaker (PM) implantation for sick sinus syndrome (SSS) with normal cardiac function and a narrow QRS complex were recruited for the study. The pacing characteristics and echocardiogram parameters were measured to evaluate RV function, interventricular and RV synchrony, and were compared between ventricular pacing‐on and native‐conduction modes.ResultsA total of 84 patients diagnosed with SSS and an indication for pacing therapy were enrolled. Forty‐two patients (50%; mean age 65.50 ± 9.30 years; 35% male) underwent successful LBBP and 42 patients (50%; mean age 69.26 ± 10.08 years; 33% male) RVSP, respectively. Baseline characteristics were similar between the two groups. We found no significant differences in RV function [RV‐FAC (Fractional Area Change)%, 47.13 ± 5.69 versus 48.60 ± 5.83, p = .069; Endo‐GLS (Global Longitudinal Strain)%, −28.88 ± 4.94 versus −29.82 ± 5.35, p = .114; Myo‐GLS%, −25.72 ± 4.75 versus −25.72 ± 5.21, p = .559; Free Wall St%, 27.40 ± 8.03 versus −28.71 ± 7.34, p = .304] between the native‐conduction and LBBP capture modes, while the RVSP capture mode was associated with a significant reduction in the above parameters compared with the native‐conduction mode (p < .0001). The interventricular synchrony in the LBBP group was also superior to the RVSP group significantly.ConclusionLBBP is a pacing technique that seems to associate with a positive and protective impact on RV performance.
Laboratory testing and antihypertensive medication adherence following initial treatment of incident, uncomplicated hypertension: A real‐world data analysis
Authors: Beall Reed F. , Leung Alexander A. , Quinn Amity E. , Salmon Charleen , Scory Tayler D. , Bresee Lauren C. , Ronksley Paul E. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this study on medication adherence among newly diagnosed patients with uncomplicated, incident hypertension, we conducted a retrospective cohort study using available administrative and laboratory data from April 1, 2012 to March 31, 2017 in Alberta, Canada to understand the extent to which baseline laboratory assessment and/or subsequent follow‐up was associated with persistence with antihypertensive therapy. We determined the frequency of baseline and follow‐up testing and compared the rates of medication persistence by patient‐, neighbourhood‐, and treatment‐related factors. Of 103 232 patients with newly diagnosed, uncomplicated hypertension who filled their first prescription within our study timeframe, 52.5% were non‐persistent within 6 months. Persistent patients were more often female and residing in neighbourhoods with higher social status (with exception to rurality). Aside from older age, the strongest predictor of persistence was performance of laboratory testing related to hypertension with an apparent effect in which higher levels of medication persistence were seen with more frequent laboratory testing. We concluded that medication persistence was far from optimal, dropping off considerably after 6 months for more than half of patients. Medication persistence is a substantial barrier to realizing the full societal benefits of antihypertensive treatment. Ongoing follow up with patients, including laboratory testing, may be a critical component of better long term treatment persistence.