bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Atrial tachycardia related to atrial infarction treated with catheter ablation: a case report
Authors: Fujiwara Momo , Yamashita Soichiro , Takemoto Makoto , Hayashi Takatoshi 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
Atrial infarction, usually concurrent with ventricular infarction, is under-recognized. Although most patients with atrial infarction have complicated supraventricular tachyarrhythmias, its mechanism is still unknown. We report a case of atrial tachycardia (AT) related to atrial infarction treated with catheter ablation.

Case summary
A 51-year-old man was referred for acute chest pain. Electrocardiography showed a junctional rhythm with ST depression in the precordial leads. Emergency coronary angiography revealed an occluded dominant left circumflex coronary artery (LCX). A drug-eluting stent was deployed; however, the atrial branch from the distal side of the LCX was jailed by the stent and became occluded. On the 7th day, the premature atrial contractions (PACs) became frequent and changed to AT. Owing to its resistance to medication, we performed catheter ablation. The electro-anatomical map revealed counter-clockwise macro-reentrant tachycardia at the tricuspid valve annulus, with low-voltage and fragmented potential (FP) areas at the posterior wall of the right atrium (RA). After terminating the AT through linear ablation for the cavotricuspid isthmus, multiple-focus PACs originating from the FP area in the RA posterior wall were documented. Coronary angiography revealed that these damaged areas were perfused by the atrial branch of the LCX. Defragmentation in the FP area could eliminate PACs. The patient was discharged with sinus rhythm and without any complications.

Discussion
We can perform electro-anatomical mapping to identify tachycardia circuit and PACs arising from the FP area in the posterior RA, where the atrial branch was perfusing. Multiple PACs from infarcted myocardium result in tachycardia.
A case report of refractory angina in a patient with diabetes and apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Jex Nicholas , Chowdhary Amrit , Thirunavukarasu Sharmaine , Levelt Eylem 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
Using serial imaging over time, this case reviews the natural history of co-morbid Type two diabetes (T2D) and apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and assesses the potential combined impact on myocardial structure and perfusion.

Case summary
A 59-year-old patient with concomitant T2D and an apical phenotype of HCM was seen over a 11-year period with a significant burden of anginal chest pain. Chest pain was refractory to anti-anginal medical therapy and persisted at on-going follow-up. Multi-modality imaging demonstrated significant deterioration in coronary microvascular function and increased myocardial scar burden despite unobstructed epicardial coronary arteries.

Discussion
Comorbidity with T2D and apical HCM resulted in a significant increase in myocardial fibrosis and deterioration in coronary microvascular function.
Commentary—fat but fit…and cold? Potential evolutionary and environmental drivers of metabolically healthy obesity
Authors: Ocobock Cara , Niclou Alexandra 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAs global obesity rates continue to rise, it is important to understand the origin, role and range of human variation of body mass index (BMI) in assessing health and healthcare. A growing body of evidence suggests that BMI is a poor indicator of health across populations, and that there may be a metabolically healthy obese phenotype. Here, we review the reasons why BMI is an inadequate tool for assessing cardiometabolic health. We then suggest that cold climate adaptations may also render BMI an uninformative metric. Underlying evolutionary and environmental drivers may allow for heat conserving larger body sizes without necessarily increasing metabolic health risks. However, there may also be a potential mismatch between modern obesogenic environments and adaptations to cold climates, highlighting the need to further investigate the potential for metabolically healthy obese phenotypes among circumpolar and other populations as well as the broader meaning for metabolic health.
Including measures of chronic kidney disease to improve cardiovascular risk prediction by SCORE2 and SCORE2-OP
Authors: Matsushita Kunihiro , Kaptoge Stephen , Hageman Steven H J , Sang Yingying , Ballew Shoshana H , Grams Morgan E , Surapaneni Aditya , Sun Luanluan , Arnlov Johan , Bozic Milica , Brenner Hermann , Brunskill Nigel J , Chang Alex R , Chinnadurai Rajkumar , Cirillo Massimo , Correa Adolfo , Ebert Natalie , Eckardt Kai-Uwe , Gansevoort Ron T , Gutierrez Orlando , Hadaegh Farzad , He Jiang , Hwang Shih-Jen , Jafar Tazeen H , Jassal Simerjot K , Kayama Takamasa , Kovesdy Csaba P , Landman Gijs W , Levey Andrew S , Lloyd-Jones Donald M , Major Rupert W , Miura Katsuyuki , Muntner Paul , Nadkarni Girish N , Nowak Christoph , Ohkubo Takayoshi , Pena Michelle J , Polkinghorne Kevan R , Sairenchi Toshimi , Schaeffner Elke , Schneider Markus P , Shalev Varda , Shlipak Michael G , Solbu Marit D , Stempniewicz Nikita , Tollitt James , Valdivielso José M , van der Leeuw Joep , Wang Angela Yee-Moon , Wen Chi-Pang , Woodward Mark , Yamagishi Kazumasa , Yatsuya Hiroshi , Zhang Luxia , Dorresteijn Jannick A N , Di Angelantonio Emanuele , Visseren Frank L J , Pennells Lisa , Coresh Josef 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Aims
The 2021 European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guideline on cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention categorizes moderate and severe chronic kidney disease (CKD) as high and very-high CVD risk status regardless of other factors like age and does not include estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and albuminuria in its algorithms, systemic coronary risk estimation 2 (SCORE2) and systemic coronary risk estimation 2 in older persons (SCORE2-OP), to predict CVD risk. We developed and validated an ‘Add-on’ to incorporate CKD measures into these algorithms, using a validated approach.

Methods
In 3,054 840 participants from 34 datasets, we developed three Add-ons [eGFR only, eGFR + urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) (the primary Add-on), and eGFR + dipstick proteinuria] for SCORE2 and SCORE2-OP. We validated C-statistics and net reclassification improvement (NRI), accounting for competing risk of non-CVD death, in 5,997 719 participants from 34 different datasets.

Results
In the target population of SCORE2 and SCORE2-OP without diabetes, the CKD Add-on (eGFR only) and CKD Add-on (eGFR + ACR) improved C-statistic by 0.006 (95%CI 0.004–0.008) and 0.016 (0.010–0.023), respectively, for SCORE2 and 0.012 (0.009–0.015) and 0.024 (0.014–0.035), respectively, for SCORE2-OP. Similar results were seen when we included individuals with diabetes and tested the CKD Add-on (eGFR + dipstick). In 57 485 European participants with CKD, SCORE2 or SCORE2-OP with a CKD Add-on showed a significant NRI [e.g. 0.100 (0.062–0.138) for SCORE2] compared to the qualitative approach in the ESC guideline.

Conclusion
Our Add-ons with CKD measures improved CVD risk prediction beyond SCORE2 and SCORE2-OP. This approach will help clinicians and patients with CKD refine risk prediction and further personalize preventive therapies for CVD.
I Am Not Supposed to Be Treated Like This: Associations Between Age Discrimination, Perceived Social Respect for Older Adults, and Depressive Symptoms in Korean Older Adults
Authors: Lee Min-Ah , Song Rira 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Objectives
This study examines the relationships between age discrimination, perceived social respect for older adults as a proxy of perceived social climate, and depressive symptoms in older adults in Korea. In doing so, it clarifies whether and how age discrimination has a differential effect on mental health, depending on the level of perceived social respect.

Methods
This study uses multiple regression analyses to examine the data obtained from the 2020 National Survey of Older Koreans, a nationally representative survey.

Results
Findings show that age discrimination was positively associated with depressive symptoms, whereas perceived social respect for older adults was negatively associated with depressive symptoms. Older respondents exhibited fewer depressive symptoms if they felt that older adults were respected in Korea. The results also revealed a significant interaction between age discrimination and perceived social respect; age discrimination had a more harmful impact on depressive symptoms in older adults with a higher level of perceived social respect.

Discussion
The findings suggest that a positive social climate for older adults is beneficial to their mental health, but ironically, it may form a more stressful context for older adults who experience age discrimination that is characteristically opposite from their subjective evaluation of that social climate. The gap between the expected social climate and individual discriminatory experiences may have a deleterious effect on the mental health of older adults.
Intent-Based Moral Judgment in Old Age
Authors: Margoni Francesco , Cho Isu , Gutchess Angela 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Recent studies support the idea of an intent-to-outcome shift in moral judgments with age. We further assessed whether a reduced reliance on intentions is associated with aging in a preregistered study with 73 younger (20–41 years) and 79 older (70–84 years) adults, group-matched on education level.

Method
Participants were presented with a set of moral cases to evaluate, created by varying orthogonally the valence (neutral, negative) of the information regarding the agent’s intentions and the action’s outcomes.

Results
The two age groups did not differ in the extent they relied on intentions in moral judgment.

Discussion
These results suggest that an intent-to-outcome shift might not be found in all aging populations, challenging prevailing theories suggesting that aging is necessarily associated with a reduced reliance on intentions.
Characterization of the Complete Chloroplast Genome of Four Species in Callerya
Authors: Chen Zhi , Jin Chen , Wang Xiaoyun , Deng Yaqiong , Tian Xiaodan , Li Xunxun , Zhang Qinxi , Zeng Yanli , Liao Jiawei , Zhang Ling 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
Callerya reticulata (Bentham) Schot, Callerya dielsiana (Harms) P.K. Loc ex Z. Wei & Pedley, Callerya nitida var. hirsutissima (Z. Wei) X.Y. Zhu, and Callerya nitida (Bentham) R. Geesink, which belongs to the Leguminosae family, are important medicinal plants in China. The genus Callerya includes 26 species, 18 species are distributed in China, and the vine stems of some species are used as traditional medicinal herbs because they have important pharmacological activity. Due to the high similarity of appearance, it is difficult to identify them in the market by appearance alone. Therefore, circulating of Callerya-related materia medica on the market is confusing, sometimes even leading to drug safety problems. It is urgent to develop molecular methods for their identification.

Objective
To sequence and analyze the complete chloroplast (cp) genomes of C. reticulata, C. dielsiana, C. nitida var. hirsutissima, and C. nitida and to analyze their cp genome differences as a basis for seeking easier DNA barcoding for their identification.

Method
After using Illumina high-throughput sequencing and nanopore sequencing to obtain the genome data, some bioinformatics software was used to assembly and analyze the molecular structure of cp genomes.

Results
The complete cp genomes of the four species were circular molecules, which ranged from 130 435 to 132 546 bp, and GC contents ranged from 33.89% to 34.89%. Each of them includes a large single-copy region, a small single-copy region, and without large inverted repeat regions.

Conclusions
These results suggested that highly variable regions of the four cp genomes would provide useful plastid markers, which could be used as a potential genomic resource to resolve phylogenetic questions and provide a reference for mining specific DNA barcodes of these species.

Highlights
Our study provided highly effective molecular markers for subsequent phylogenetic analysis, species identification, and biogeographic analysis of Callerya.
Temporal Changes in Cholangiocarcinoma Incidence and Mortality in the United States from 2001 to 2017
Authors: Javle Milind , Lee Sunyoung , Azad Nilofer S , Borad Mitesh J , Kate Kelley Robin , Sivaraman Smitha , Teschemaker Anna , Chopra Ishveen , Janjan Nora , Parasuraman Shreekant , Bekaii-Saab Tanios S 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
Previous studies report increasing cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) incidence up to 2015. This contemporary retrospective analysis of CCA incidence and mortality in the US from 2001-2017 assessed whether CCA incidence continued to increase beyond 2015.

Patients and Methods
Patients (≥18 years) with CCA were identified in the National Cancer Institute Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results 18 cancer registry (International Classification of Disease for Oncology [ICD-O]-3 codes: intrahepatic [iCCA], C221; extrahepatic [eCCA], C240, C241, C249). Cancer of unknown primary (CUP) cases were identified (ICD-O-3: C809; 8140/2, 8140/3, 8141/3, 8143/3, 8147/3) because of potential misclassification as iCCA.

Results
Forty-thousand-and-thirty CCA cases (iCCA, n=13,174; eCCA, n=26,821; iCCA and eCCA, n=35) and 32,980 CUP cases were analyzed. From 2001-2017, CCA, iCCA, and eCCA incidence (per 100 000 person-years) increased 43.8% (3.08 to 4.43), 148.8% (0.80 to 1.99), and 7.5% (2.28 to 2.45), respectively. In contrast, CUP incidence decreased 54.4% (4.65 to 2.12). CCA incidence increased with age, with greatest increase among younger patients (18-44 years, 81.0%). Median overall survival from diagnosis was 8, 6, 9, and 2 months for CCA, iCCA, eCCA, and CUP. From 2001-2016, annual mortality rate declined for iCCA (57.1% to 41.2%) and generally remained stable for eCCA (40.9% to 37.0%) and for CUP (64.3% to 68.6%).

Conclusions
CCA incidence continued to increase from 2001-2017, with greater increase in iCCA versus eCCA, whereas CUP incidence decreased. The divergent CUP versus iCCA incidence trends, with overall greater absolute change in iCCA incidence, provide evidence for a true increase in iCCA incidence that may not be wholly attributable to CUP reclassification.
Circulating Concentrations of Nutrition-Related Factors Are Not Causally Associated With Atrial Fibrillation: A Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Huang Jian 
Published: August 2022

Abstract:
Observational studies reported conflicting results regarding the association between circulating concentrations of nutrition-related factors and atrial fibrillation (AF). The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential causal effect of 8 circulating nutrition-related factors (vitamin B12, vitamin E, folate, retinol, β-carotene, iron, zinc, and copper) on AF risk using mendelian randomization (MR). Summary-level data for the nutrition-related factors and AF were obtained from genome-wide association studies conducted among individuals of European ancestry. The genome-wide association study on AF included 60,620 cases and 970,216 controls. A 2-sample MR design was applied for evaluating the causal association. In the primary MR analyses, the inverse variance–weighted method did not identify any causal effect of circulating concentrations of vitamin B12 [β = 0.000, standard error (SE) = 0.021, P = 0.994], vitamin E (β = 0.080, SE = 0.152, P = 0.600), retinol (β = 0.098, SE = 0.397, P = 0.806), folate (β = −0.006, SE = 0.052, P = 0.901), β-carotene (β = 0.014, SE = 0.025, P = 0.560), iron (β = −0.009, SE = 0.072, P = 0.905), zinc (β = 0.038, SE = 0.032, P = 0.239), and copper (β = −0.012, SE = 0.023, P = 0.589) on AF. The MR-Egger and MR pleiotropy residual sum and outlier (MR-PRESSO) analyses did not suggest the presence of pleiotropy. In addition, the lack of association remained in the leave-one-out analysis. This MR study indicates no causal association of circulating concentrations of vitamin B12, vitamin E, folate, retinol, β-carotene, iron, zinc, and copper with AF.
Efficacy and Safety of De-escalation of Antiplatelet Therapy After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials
Authors: Bai Nan , Ma Ying , Niu Ying , Zhong Peng-Yu , Shang Yao-Sheng , Wang Zhi-Lu 
Published: August 2022

Abstract:
Considering that there is no definite conclusion on the efficacy and safety of switching from potent P2Y12 inhibitors to clopidogrel, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of patients with acute coronary syndromes undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention and compared the efficacy and safety of de-escalation or not of antiplatelet therapy. The relevant randomized controlled trials were included by searching several databases. Net adverse clinical events were identified as the composite end point, which was defined as a composite of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, revascularization, stroke, and bleeding at 12 months after acute coronary syndromes. The efficacy end points were cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, revascularization, stroke, all-cause death, and stent thrombosis. Bleeding was designed as the safety end point. The risk ratio and 95% confidence intervals of end point events were calculated by the fixed-effects model. Six randomized controlled trials with 7627 patients met inclusion criteria. There were significant differences in the risk of net adverse clinical events (RR, 0.67, CI, 0.58–0.78, P < 0.00001) and bleeding end point (0.61, 0.52–0.71, P < 0.00001) between the 2 groups. However, there were no significant differences in the risk of all efficacy end points. In general, the strategy of de-escalation from prasugrel or ticagrelor to clopidogrel can reduce the incidence of net adverse clinical events and bleeding events in patients with ACS undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention.
Hypersensitivity of Zebrafish htr2b Mutant Embryos to Sertraline Indicates a Role for Serotonin Signaling in Cardiac Development
Authors: Kent Mitchell E. , Hu Bo , Eggleston Timothy M. , Squires Ryan S. , Zimmerman Kathy A. , Weiss Robert M. , Roghair Robert D. , Lin Fang , Cornell Robert A. , Haskell Sarah E. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract:
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are antidepressants prescribed in 10% of pregnancies in the United States. Maternal use of SSRIs has been linked to an elevated rate of congenital heart defects, but the exact mechanism of pathogenesis is unknown. Previously, we have shown a decrease in cardiomyocyte proliferation, left ventricle size, and reduced cardiac expression of the serotonin receptor 5-HT2B in offspring of mice exposed to the SSRI sertraline during pregnancy, relative to offspring of untreated mice. These results suggest that disruption of serotonin signaling leads to heart defects. Supporting this conclusion, we show here that zebrafish embryos exposed to sertraline develop with a smaller ventricle, reduced cardiomyocyte number, and lower cardiac expression of htr2b relative to untreated embryos. Moreover, zebrafish embryos homozygous for a nonsense mutation of htr2b (htr2b

sa16649
) were sensitized to sertraline treatment relative to wild-type embryos. Specifically, the ventricle area was reduced in the homozygous htr2b mutants treated with sertraline compared with wild-type embryos treated with sertraline and homozygous htr2b mutants treated with vehicle control. Whereas long-term effects on left ventricle shortening fraction and stroke volume were observed by echocardiography in adult mice exposed to sertraline in utero, echocardiograms of adult zebrafish exposed to sertraline as embryos were normal. These results implicate the 5-HT2B receptor functions in heart development and suggest zebrafish are a relevant animal model that can be used to investigate the connection between maternal SSRI use and elevated risk of congenital heart defects.
The Ameliorative Effect of Berberine on Vascular Calcification by Inhibiting Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress
Authors: Li Liuying , Zheng Gang , Cao Chengjian , Cao Wenzhai , Yan Hui , Chen Shumin , Ding Conghua , Gan Daohui , Yuan Jing , Che Deya , Zhu Fengya 
Published: August 2022

Abstract:
Vascular calcification (VC), which currently cannot be prevented or treated, is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular events. We aimed to investigate the ameliorative effect of berberine on VC via the activation of Akt signaling and inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS). The VC model was induced by high-dose Vitamin D3 in rats and beta-glycerophosphate in primary vascular smooth muscle cells of rat aortas, which were evaluated by Alizarin red staining to determine the calcium content and alkaline phosphatase activity. ERS was determined by the levels of GRP78 and CHOP, whereas that of the Akt signaling pathway was determined by the levels of phosphorylated Akt and GSK3β. VC was significantly ameliorated by berberine treatment in vivo and in vitro, and the inhibition of ERS and the activation of the Akt/GSK3 signaling pathway. In the vascular smooth muscle cells of primary rats, tunicamycin, an ERS activator, blocked the ameliorative effect of berberine on VC and ERS, but not the activation of Akt/GSK3. The ameliorative effects of berberine on VC, ERS, and the Akt signaling pathway were all prevented by inhibitor IV. Four-phenylbutyric acid, an ERS inhibitor, can restore the ameliorative effect of berberine on VC and ERS that was blocked by inhibitor IV. Our results are the first to demonstrate the ameliorative effect of VC that was mediated by the activation of the Akt signaling pathway and inhibition of ERS. These results may provide a new pharmaceutical candidate for the prevention and treatment of VC.
Reconstruction of Acquired Segmental Mandibular Defects Using Pedicled Mandibular Muscle Flap and Evaluation of Speech Function and Aesthetic Outcomes
Authors: Huang Zhuo-shan , Liao Jun-kun , Chen Wei-liang , Wang Yu-jia , Wu Hong 
Published: August 2022

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical effect of pedicled mandibular osteomuscular flap in the reconstouring of repair of acquired segmental mandibular defects.

Patients and Methods:
Thirteen patients with acquired segmental mandibular defects requiring secondary repair were included into the study. Pedicled mandibular osteomuscular flap was applied with strong internal fixation to repair the mandibular defects. The patients’ speech, swallowing function, and aesthetic changes were evaluated upon follow-up.

Results:
The flaps were viable in all patients. Average speech function score was 7.6±0.6. All patients had a drinking test rating of grade I or II with good masticatory efficiency. The postoperative self-assessment Visual Analog Scale score of appearance was 7.8±0.8.

Conclusions:
Pedicled mandibular osteomuscular flap is a viable choice in the secondary repair and reconstruction of mandibular acquired segmental defects. This flap could achieve better oral function with good aesthetic results.