bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Hydro-particle-mesh Code for Efficient and Rapid Simulations of the Intracluster Medium
Authors: He Yizhou , Trac Hy , Gnedin Nickolay Y. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
We introduce the cosmological HYPER code based on an innovative hydro-particle-mesh (HPM) algorithm for efficient and rapid simulations of gas and dark matter. For the HPM algorithm, we update the approach of Gnedin & Hui to expand the scope of its application from the lower-density intergalactic medium (IGM) to the higher-density intracluster medium (ICM). While the original algorithm tracks only one effective particle species, the updated version separately tracks the gas and dark matter particles, as they do not exactly trace each other on small scales. For the approximate hydrodynamics solver, the pressure term in the gas equations of motion is calculated using robust physical models. In particular, we use a dark matter halo model, ICM pressure profile, and IGM temperature–density relation, all of which can be systematically varied for parameter-space studies. We show that the HYPER simulation results are in good agreement with the halo model expectations for the density, temperature, and pressure radial profiles. Simulated galaxy cluster scaling relations for Sunyaev–Zel’dovich (SZ) and X-ray observables are also in good agreement with mean predictions, with scatter comparable to that found in hydrodynamic simulations. HYPER also produces lightcone catalogs of dark matter halos and full-sky tomographic maps of the lensing convergence, SZ effect, and X-ray emission. These simulation products are useful for testing data analysis pipelines, generating training data for machine learning, understanding selection and systematic effects, and for interpreting astrophysical and cosmological constraints.
Phytochemical Analysis Both of Water and Ethanol Extract from Some Herbs Combinations, Nanoemulsion Formulation, and Antioxidant Effects
Authors: Atun Sri , Pertiwi Kartika R , Qolbiah Mahclisatul , Safa Salsabila 
Published: February 2022

AIM: The purpose of this study was to analyze the phenolic content and antioxidant activity of both water and ethanol extracts of a combination of several herbs (Phyllanthus urinaria, Andrographis paniculata, Curcuma longa, Zingiber officinale, Citrus limon, and Cymbopogon citratus), as well as product development in the form of nanoemulsions.

METHODS: The research was conducted by making three combinations of herbs mixtures with various compositions (Formulas A, B, and C). The combined herbs powder was then made in the form of water and ethanol extracts. The ethanol extract of each herbal combination was then made also in the form of a nanoemulsion by spontaneous emulsion.

RESULTS: The ethanol extract of each herbs combination contained higher phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity than the water extract. The nanoemulsion product of the combined herbs ethanol extract had a particle size of 21.1; 34.9; and 50.7 nm and showed high antioxidant activity.

CONCLUSION: The combined several herbs (P. urinaria, A. paniculata, C. longa, Z. officinale, C. limon, and C. citratus) ethanol extract and its nanoemulsion products have the potential to be developed as natural antioxidants.
Modifiable Factors and Incident Gout Across Ethnicity Within a Large Multiethnic Cohort of Older Adults
Authors: Thompson Mika D. , Wu Yan Yan , Cooney Robert V. , Wilkens Lynne R. , Haiman Christopher A. , Pirkle Catherine M. 
Published: February 2022

ObjectiveGout disproportionately affects older Pacific Islander and Black populations relative to White populations. However, the ethnic-specific determinants remain understudied within these groups, as well as within other ethnicities. We examined gout incidence and associations with behavioral factors, including diet, alcohol, and smoking, within a large multiethnic population of older adults from the Multiethnic Cohort Study, which linked prospective cohort data to Medicare gout claims between 1999–2016.MethodsUsing samples of Black (n = 12,370), Native Hawaiian (n = 6459), Japanese (n = 29,830), Latino (n = 17,538), and White (n = 26,067) participants, we conducted multiple Cox regressions, producing hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs.ResultsRelative to White individuals, Native Hawaiians had the highest risk of gout (HR 2.21, 95% CI 2.06–2.38), followed successively by Black and Japanese participants, whereas Latino individuals had a lower risk of gout (HR 0.78, 95% CI 0.73–0.83). Alcohol use was associated with an increased risk, with significantly greater effects observed among Japanese participants drinking ≥ 3 drinks per day (HR 1.46, 95% CI 1.27–1.66), or > 5 beers per week (HR 1.29, 95% CI 1.17–1.43), compared to White individuals (Pinteraction < 0.001). Former smokers with ≥ 20 pack-years had an increased risk (HR 1.14, 95% CI 1.06–1.22). Higher dietary quality was associated with a decreased gout risk, with the largest effect observed among White participants (HRQ5vsQ1 0.84, 95% CI 0.79–0.90), whereas vitamin C was weakly associated with a decreased risk of gout only among Japanese individuals (HR 0.91, 95% CI 0.85–0.98).ConclusionOverall, notable ethnic differences were observed in both gout risk and associations with modifiable behavioral factors. Our findings offer crucial insights that may improve precision in preventing and managing gout.
Anakinra in Patients With Systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: Long-term Safety From the Pharmachild Registry
Authors: Giancane Gabriella , Papa Riccardo , Vastert Sebastiaan , Bagnasco Francesca , Swart Joost F. , Quartier Pierre , Antón Jordi , Kamphuis Sylvia , Sanner Helga , Glerup Mia , De Benedetti Fabrizio , Tsitsami Elena , Remesal Agustin , Moreno Estefania , De Inocencio Jaime , Myrup Charlotte , Pallotti Chiara , Koné-Paut Isabelle , Franck-Larsson Karin , Malmström Håkan , Cederholm Susanna , Pistorio Angela , Wulffraat Nico , Ruperto Nicolino 
Published: February 2022

ObjectiveTo evaluate the long-term safety profile of anakinra in patients with systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (sJIA).MethodsData from patients with sJIA enrolled in the Pharmachild registry (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03932344) prior to September 30, 2018, and treated with anakinra were analyzed. The study endpoints were the occurrence of non-serious adverse events (SAEs) of at least moderate severity and SAEs, including macrophage activation syndrome (MAS), and the duration of anakinra treatment with reasons for discontinuation. All endpoints were analyzed overall by 6-month time windows, and in different treatment sets represented by those patients treated continuously with anakinra for at least 12, 18, and 24 months (set-12, -18, and -24, respectively).ResultsThree hundred six patients were enrolled. Of these patients, 46%, 34%, and 28% had been treated for at least 12, 18, and 24 months, respectively. Two hundred and one AEs, mostly represented by infections, were reported for 509.3 patient-years (PY) with an overall incidence rate (IR) of 39.5 per 100 PY. Among 56 SAEs (IR 11.0/100 PY), 23.2% were infections and 19.6% MAS episodes. The IR of AEs was higher during the first 6 months of anakinra treatment, followed by decreasing IRs in the long-term treatment sets. Treatment discontinuation occurred in 76% of patients, most frequently in the first 6 months, because of inefficacy (43%), remission (31%), or AEs/intolerance (15%). No deaths or malignancies occurred during anakinra treatment.ConclusionThe results of the present study confirm the long-term safety profile of anakinra in patients with sJIA and demonstrate an overall decreasing incidence of AEs over time. [ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01399281 and NCT03932344]
Consensus Approach to a Treat-to-target Strategy in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis Care: Report From the 2020 PR-COIN Consensus Conference
Authors: El Tal Tala , Ryan Meghan E. , Feldman Brian M. , Bingham Catherine April , Burnham Jon M. , Batthish Michelle , Bullock Danielle , Ferraro Kerry , Gilbert Mileka , Gillispie-Taylor Miriah , Gottlieb Beth , Harris Julia G. , Hazen Melissa , Laxer Ronald M. , Lee Tzielan Chang , Lovell Daniel , Mannion Melissa , Noonan Laura , Oberle Edward , Taylor Janalee , Weiss Jennifer E. , Toruner Cagri Yildirim , Morgan Esi M. 
Published: February 2022

ObjectiveTreat to target (T2T) is a strategy of adjusting treatment until a target is reached. An international task force recommended T2T for juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) treatment. Implementing T2T in a standard and reliable way in clinical practice requires agreement on critical elements of (1) target setting, (2) T2T strategy, (3) identifying barriers to implementation, and (4) patient eligibility. A consensus conference was held among Pediatric Rheumatology Care and Outcomes Improvement Network (PR-COIN) stakeholders to inform a statement of understanding regarding the PR-COIN approach to T2T.MethodsPR-COIN stakeholders including 16 healthcare providers and 4 parents were invited to form a voting panel. Using the nominal group technique, 2 rounds of voting were held to address the above 4 areas to select the top 10 responses by rank order.ResultsIncorporation of patient goals ranked most important when setting a treatment target. Shared decision making (SDM), tracking measurable outcomes, and adjusting treatment to achieve goals were voted as the top elements of a T2T strategy. Workflow considerations, and provider buy-in were identified as key barriers to T2T implementation. Patients with JIA who had poor prognostic factors and were at risk for high disease burden were leading candidates for a T2T approach.ConclusionThis consensus conference identified the importance of incorporating patient goals as part of target setting and of the influence of patient stakeholder involvement in drafting treatment recommendations. The network approach to T2T will be modified to address the above findings, including solicitation of patient goals, optimizing SDM, and better workflow integration.
COVID-19 Hospitalizations, Intensive Care Unit Stays, Ventilation, and Death Among Patients With Immune-mediated Inflammatory Diseases Compared to Controls
Authors: Eder Lihi , Croxford Ruth , Drucker Aaron M. , Mendel Arielle , Kuriya Bindee , Touma Zahi , Johnson Sindhu R. , Cook Richard , Bernatsky Sasha , Haroon Nigil , Widdifield Jessica 
Published: February 2022

ObjectiveTo investigate coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) hospitalization risk in patients with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) compared with matched non-IMID comparators from the general population.MethodsWe conducted a population-based, matched cohort study using health administrative data from January to July 2020 in Ontario, Canada. Cohorts for each of the following IMIDs were assembled: rheumatoid arthritis (RA), psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis (PsA), ankylosing spondylitis, systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases (SARDs), multiple sclerosis (MS), iritis, inflammatory bowel disease, polymyalgia rheumatica, and vasculitis. Each patient was matched with 5 non-IMID comparators based on sociodemographic factors. We compared the cumulative incidence of hospitalizations for COVID-19 and their outcomes between IMID and non-IMID patients.ResultsA total of 493,499 patients with IMID (417 hospitalizations) and 2,466,946 non-IMID comparators (1519 hospitalizations) were assessed. The odds of being hospitalized for COVID-19 were significantly higher in patients with IMIDs compared with their matched non-IMID comparators (matched unadjusted odds ratio [OR] 1.37, adjusted OR 1.23). Significantly higher risk of hospitalizations was found in patients with iritis (OR 1.46), MS (OR 1.83), PsA (OR 2.20), RA (OR 1.42), SARDs (OR 1.47), and vasculitis (OR 2.07). COVID-19 hospitalizations were associated with older age, male sex, long-term care residence, multimorbidity, and lower income. The odds of complicated hospitalizations were 21% higher among all IMID vs matched non-IMID patients, but this association was attenuated after adjusting for demographic factors and comorbidities.ConclusionPatients with IMIDs were at higher risk of being hospitalized with COVID-19. This risk was explained in part by their comorbidities.
An Educational Intervention to Decrease the Number of Emergency Incidents of Restraint and Seclusion on a Behavioral Health Unit
Authors: Dixon Marian , Long Elizabeth M. 
Published: February 2022

Background:
The objective of this study was to implement an educational intervention on an inpatient, behavioral health care unit with the goal of reducing the number of crisis interventions of seclusion or restraint.

Method:
A quasi-experimental pretest and posttest design using De-escalate Anyone, Anywhere, Anytime training was employed with a focus of an increased understanding of a range of de-escalation techniques to use instead of restraint and seclusion.

Results:
A convenience sample of 21 mental health employees participated in the training. The rates of restraint declined from a mean of 6 preintervention to 2 postintervention. The number of seclusions on the designated unit declined from a mean of 4.33 preintervention to a mean of 1.667 postintervention.

Conclusion:

These data suggest that an educational intervention to increase the knowledge of direct care staff in a broad range of de-escalation techniques resulted in a reduction in the use of restraint and seclusion. Ongoing training for nursing staff may reassure them of the efficacy of alternative methods for dealing with aggressive patients.

[
J Contin Educ Nurs
. 2022;53(2):70–76.]
Clinical Nurses' Continuing Education Needs in Acute Burn Care
Authors: Oh Dana , Choi Yun-Jung 
Published: February 2022

Objective:
The purpose of this research was to explore clinical nurses' continuing education needs in caring for patients with acute burns.

Method:
A descriptive research design was applied. To explore clinical nurses' continuing education needs in caring for patients with acute burns, focus group interviews were conducted. Educational needs assessments in acute burn care knowledge and skills were developed based on a content analysis of the focus group interviews. The participants were clinical nurses at a burn treatment hospital. Collected data were analyzed.

Results:
The nurses showed a high educational need for nursing knowledge and skills in caring for patients with acute burns. They indicated a need for educational content covering comprehensive nursing knowledge and skills for this care, including emergency treatment and psychosocial nursing care for the physical changes induced by acute burns.

Conclusion:

A systematic continuing education program needs to be developed for nurses who care for patients with acute burns and delivered using blended learning approaches.

[
J Contin Educ Nurs
. 2022;53(2):77–82.]
A Nurse-Led Voiding Algorithm for Managing Urinary Retention After General Thoracic Surgery
Authors: Pierson Mary , Cretella Brittany , Roussel Maureen , Byrne Patricia , Parkosewich Janet 
Published: February 2022

Background
Untreated postoperative urinary retention (POUR) leads to bladder overdistension. Treatment of POUR involves urinary catheterization, which predisposes patients to catheter-associated urinary tract infections. The hospital’s rate of POUR after lobectomy was 21%, exceeding the Society of Thoracic Surgeons’ benchmark of 6.4%. Nurses observed that more patients were being catheterized after implementation of a newly revised urinary catheter protocol.

Objective
To reduce the incidence of POUR by implementing a thoracic surgery–specific nurse-led voiding algorithm.

Methods
Experts validated the voiding algorithm that standardized postoperative assessment. It was initiated after general thoracic surgery among 179 patients in a thoracic surgery stepdown unit of a large Magnet hospital. After obtaining verbal consent from patients, nurses collected demographic and clinical data and followed the algorithm, documenting voided amounts and bladder scan results. Descriptive statistics characterized the sample and the incidence of POUR. Associations were determined between demographic and clinical factors and POUR status by using the t test and χ2 test.

Results
The POUR-positive group and the POUR-negative group were equivalent with regard to demographic and clinical factors, except more patients in the POUR–positive cohort had had a lobectomy (P = .05). The rate of POUR was 8%. Society of Thoracic Surgeons reports revealed a rapid and sustained reduction in the hospital’s rates of POUR after lobectomy: from 21% to 3%.

Conclusion
The use of this nurse-led voiding algorithm effectively reduced and sustained rates of POUR.
Gota y tofos en pulpejos
Authors: Roverano S. , Sandoval C. , Zunino A. , Ceccato F. , Ortiz A. , Paira S. 
Published: February 2022

No existen datos exactos relativos a la prevalencia de tofos en pulpejos como manifestación inicial de la gota. El objetivo de este estudio es describir la población de pacientes con gota y evaluar la presencia de tofos en pulpejos de dedos de manos, pies y articulaciones interfalángicas distales, comparando los datos clínicos entre los pacientes con y sin tofos. Se reclutaron 161 pacientes con gota. Si bien los pacientes con tofos en pulpejos (12 pacientes) tenían mayor edad que aquellos sin tofos en esta localización, tenían mayor tiempo de evolución de la gota, mayor número de ellos tenían compromiso renal y menor porcentaje de enfermedades asociadas, ninguno de estos datos alcanzó signiﬁcancia estadística.
Daño orgánico en Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico (LES)
Authors: Alba Paula 
Published: February 2022

Las enfermedades autoinmunes sistémicas se caracterizan por una amplia y heterogénea variedad de manifestaciones clínicas. Las medidas propuestas para evaluar el pronóstico en ellas son la actividad de la enfermedad, el daño orgánico (DO) y la calidad de vida.
El DO es definido como una pérdida permanente o cambio irreversible de la función de un órgano o sistema como consecuencia de una manifestación clínica de la enfermedad. El daño irreversible puede ser el resultado de la actividad de la enfermedad, el tratamiento recibido para la misma o ambos, y la coexistencia de comorbilidades.
Efecto de los antimaláricos sobre los diferentes dominios del índice de daño SLICC en pacientes de la cohorte GLADEL
Authors: Pons-Estel Guillermo J. , Quintana Rosana , Wojdyla Daniel , Alarcón Graciela S. , Serrano Rosa María , Ugarte-Gil Manuel , Pimentel-Quiroz Víctor , Soriano Enrique R. , Catoggio Luis J. , Scolnik Marina , Sacnun Mónica , Saurit Verónica , Caeiro Francisco , Alvarellos Alejandro , Sarano Judith , García Mercedes , Onetti Laura , Drenkard Cristina , Berbotto Guillermo , Scherbarth Hugo R. , Sato Emilia , Bonfa Eloisa , Ferreira Borba Eduardo , Costallat Lilian , Xavier Ricardo , Tavares Brenol Joao C. , Da Silva Nilzio A. , Cavalcanti Fernando , Massardo Loreto , Jacobelli Sergio , Neira Oscar , Molina José F. , Vásquez Gloria , Gómez-Puerta José A. , Gonzalez Luis Alonso , Iglesias Gamarra Antonio , Guibert-Toledano Marlene , Reyes Gil A. , Cardiel Mario H. , Pascual-Ramos Virginia , García de la Torre Ignacio , Barile Leonor , Silveira Luis H. , Amigo Mary-Carmen , Sauza del Pozo María Josefina , Acevedo-Vásquez Eduardo M. , Alfaro-Lozano José , Segami María Inés , Chacón-Díaz Rosa , Abadi Isaac , Esteva Spinetti María H. , Pons-Estel Bernardo A. 
Published: February 2022

Objetivos: estimar el efecto de los antimaláricos (AM) sobre los diferentes dominios del índice de daño SLICC (SDI).
Métodos: se estudiaron pacientes con diagnóstico clínico reciente (≤2 años) de lupus eritematoso sistémico (LES) de la cohorte GLADEL.
Teaching and Learning for Change: Education and Sustainability in South Africa
Authors: Schudel Ingrid , Songqwaru Zintle , Tshiningayamwe Sirkka , Lotz-Sisitka Heila 
Published: February 2022

Like many national curricula around the world, South Africa’s curriculum is rich in environment and sustainability content. Despite this, environmental teaching and learning can be challenging for educators. This comes at a time when Sustainable Development Goal 4 via Target 4.7 requires governments to integrate Education for Sustainable Development into national education systems.

Teaching and Learning for Change
is an exploration of how teachers and teacher educators engage environment and sustainability content knowledge, methods, and assessment practices – an exposition of quality education processes in support of ecological and social justice and sustainability.
The chapters evolve from a ten-year research programme led out of the DSI/NRF SARChI Chair in Global Change and Social Learning Systems working with national partners in the Fundisa for Change programme and the UNESCO Sustainability Starts with Teachers programme. They show the integration of education for sustainable development in teacher professional development and curricula in schools in South Africa. They reveal how university-based researchers, teachers and teacher educators have made theoretically and contextually reasoned choices about their lives and their teaching in response to calls for a more sustainable world in which education must play a role.

Teaching and Learning for Change
will be of interest to education policymakers in government, advisors and educators in educational and environmental departments, NGOs and other institutions. It will also be of interest to teacher educators, teachers and researchers in education more generally, and environment and sustainability education specifically.
METODOLOGIA E ENSINO DE CIÊNCIAS PARA SURDOS
Authors: Pires Gabriele Raquel Schneider , Bornholdt Renan 
Published: February 2022

É direito de todo cidadão acesso a qualidade de ensino e igualdade de oportunidades, visto que a inclusão é um processo onde você insere um sujeito e o inclui como parte de um todo. Na educação de surdos, o processo de inclusão se dá na inserção do sujeito em classe regular, direito esse que historicamente lhe foi negado, carregando consigo uma série de preconceitos e desentendimentos. Neste contexto, o presente artigo tem como objetivo explicar melhor quem é o sujeito surdo, como ocorreu o processo de ensino através da história, bem como orientar sobre as diferentes metodologias e adaptações norteadoras do ensino de ciências para alunos surdos. Para tal, a metodologia usada foi revisão bibliográfica, foi buscado artigos e teses que esclarecesse o tema central. Ao final, foi concluído que ainda há muito o que buscar na compreensão de uma total inclusão e suporte para os surdos em âmbito escolar, embora as metodologias atuais como o bilinguismo busquem uma melhor prática, ainda há várias lacunas e melhorias que podem ser exploradas.