bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is it Time for FPMRS to Prescribe Vibrators?
Authors: Dubinskaya A , Horwitz R , Shoureshi P , Anger J , Scott V , Eilber K 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Only recently, the stigma of women using vibrators for sexual pleasure has started to fade. However, for many it still remains a taboo and surrounded with anxiety despite a variety of potential health benefits from its use. Due to the sensitive nature of the conditions Female Pelvic Medicine and Reconstructive Surgery (FPMRS) specialists treat, they are best suited to review and recommend vibrators to women as a health maintenance intervention.

Objective
The aim of this review is to evaluate the current utilization and recommendations of vibrator use.

Methods
We performed a systematic review of PubMed, clinicaltrials.gov, Ovid and the Cochrane databases from inception to January 2021. The search was based on the keywords: "sex toy woman", "pelvic vibrator", "sexual stimulation vibrator", "vaginal vibrator” "vibrator pelvic floor", “vibrator incontinence”. Five hundred forty-nine relevant articles were identified. Studies that met inclusion criteria (original research, female subjects, vibrators studied for health benefit) were reviewed. Exclusion criteria included expert opinion or content was not related to our aims. A total of 17 original studies met the criteria and were reviewed in depth.

Results
The studies naturally fell into four topics: sexual function (8), pelvic floor muscles (2), incontinence (6), and vulvodynia (1) . Among the identified studies, vibrators were considered as an accepted modality to enhance a woman's sexual experience, positively correlated with increased sexual desire, satisfaction, and overall sexual function. Vibratory stimulation can improve pelvic floor muscles strength, vulvodynia, and incontinence.

Conclusions
Vibrators are not well studied and given the promising benefits demonstrated in the articles identified, more research efforts should be directed towards investigating their utility. Considering the potential pelvic health benefits of vibrators, their recommendation to women should be included in our pelvic floor disorder treatment armamentarium.

Disclosure
No
Female Sexual Dysfunction: A Reddit Analysis of the Lost Libido
Authors: Belcher R , Sim D , Meykler M , Owens-Walton J , Hassan N , Rubin R , Malik R 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Female sexual dysfunction (FSD) encompasses difficulties with sexual desire, libido, arousal, orgasm and pain. These medical problems are often multi-factorial in origin and can cause significant distress to patients. FSD can be a particularly sensitive topic to discuss, and patients may not feel comfortable seeking help from healthcare providers.

Objective
We aimed to evaluate the experience of women with low libido on Reddit, an anonymous forum-based platform that allows users to interact with a global audience, to gain a better understanding of how FSD affects patients.

Methods
The subreddit “TwoXChromosomes” was queried using the Reddit Application Programming Interface (API) for posts using the keywords “libido” and “sex drive”. Posts that were deleted, archived or unrelated to themes of FSD were excluded. Threads were qualitatively analyzed using the grounded theory approach. Five independent researchers read and coded each thread identifying dominant themes and emergent concepts.

Results
Qualitative analysis of eighty five threads and approximately 2,900 comments resulted in 5 preliminary themes: medications effects on libido, the interplay between libido and relationships, the purpose of sex, the psychological impact of FSD, and challenges with healthcare. Users frequently described a decrease in libido secondary to medications, particularly antidepressants and hormonal birth control, with resolution upon stopping or switching medications. Users with low libido also reported positive sexual/romantic relationships, suggesting that their sexual dysfunction is unrelated to their partner; however, many posters discussed the challenges navigating a relationship with mismatched libido. Users discussed the role sex plays in relationships, whether as way to develop intimacy between partners or to achieve orgasm. Additionally, users described feeling distressed and anxious about their FSD. Finally, posters expressed dissatisfaction with healthcare providers and the healthcare system when trying to address their concerns.

Conclusions
Reddit serves as a resource and support group for users experiencing FSD. Posters share their experiences with low libido and its effect on their relationships. Many women discussed various psychological consequences of FSD, which suggests that a patient-centered approach is critical in managing FSD. Similarly, our research demonstrates a gap between provider based sexual health care concerns and patient concerns, emphasizing the need for greater awareness of and improved provider education about FSD.

Disclosure
Any of the authors act as a consultant, employee or shareholder of an industry for: Sprout (Raliegh, NC), Absorption Pharmaceuticals, Urovant Sciences, Inc.
#Menopause: The Menopause Ontology Project
Authors: Davenport A , Elissa T , Kingsberg S , Iglesia C 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Medical professionals and patients increasingly utilize social media to connect and share healthcare information. Twitter is a popular social media platform with 186 million users in 2020 alone. Twitter users employ hashtags-terms or phrases proceeded by the “#” symbol-to aggregate data about related subjects. Hashtag ontologies are groups of hashtags used to standardize terminology and facilitate easier communication.

Objective
To create a hashtag ontology specific to menopause.

Methods
This study analyzed tweets including the hashtag #menopause between November 2019 and November 2021 to identify co-occurring hashtags related to menopause. Tweets performed by the International Society for the Study of Women's Sexual Health, North American Menopause Society, International Menopause Society, and International Society of Sexual Medicine amongst others were included in analysis. To analyze hashtag utilization amongst all Twitter users, hashtags from the “Top” tweets Twitter search function from October 2021 were also analyzed. Co-occurring hashtags were recorded as well as the type of user who performed the tweet during the “Top” tweets analysis. The Society of Gynecologic Surgeons hashtag ontology was also reviewed as a cross reference and for completeness. Social media influencers and experts reviewed and edited the hashtag list. The hashtags were then grouped by subject and the ontology was finalized.

Results
We analyzed three-hundred eighty-two tweets with #menopause. Major societies produced 231 tweets and expert influencers produced 53 tweets. Using the “Top” tweets search function from October 2021, we identified 98 additional tweets. Of the users included in the “Top” tweets, 40% were patient advocates or advocacy groups; 38% were medical professionals, academics, societies, or journals; and 22% were general users. In total, 123 unique hashtags were identified. After social media influencer and expert review, 32 hashtags were included in the final ontology. The ontology was then grouped into the following categories based on subject matter: general, premature menopause, hormones, sexual function, and genital disorders. The finalized ontology appears in Table 1.

Conclusions
Social media is an important tool for medical professionals and patients. Our study is the first to develop a hashtag ontology specific to menopause. Adoption of a hashtag ontology with standardized terminology by medical professionals may facilitate easier communication with peers and patients.

Disclosure
No
Sextual Relationships: Is Sexting a Relationship Enhancer in Intimate Partner Relationships?
Authors: Baker A 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Humans have expressed erotic desires with written words for millennia, and sexting has become one of the newest ways of expressing these desires. A few scholars have investigated the association between sexting and satisfaction within a relationship, and this study seeks to add to the ongoing literature. Previous studies have demonstrated a significant relationship between sexting and relationship/sexual satisfaction.

Objective
Sexting and attachment styles have also been studied showing that each attachment style utilizes sexting in different ways. This study examined relationships between sexting and (a) sexual satisfaction, (b) relationship satisfaction, (c) sexual communication, and (d) general communication.

Methods
A convenience sample of 465 adults completed an anonymous online survey discussing their intimate partner relationship.

Results
This study found that the frequency of sexting had a positive association with all relationship outcomes. It was also found that individuals who were more securely attached sexted less frequently. Whereas higher levels of sexual communication and general communication predicted higher sexting frequency.

Conclusions
This study explored the positive impact sexting can have on these important relationship constructs. This research provides clinicians and educators alike with reliable data that can assist them with informing adult clients on ways they can utilize sexting in a meaningful and positive way.

Disclosure
No
Myocardial Infarction: Need for Sexual Counseling for Both Partners
Authors: Bachmann GA , Hutchinson-Colas J , Tarabey S , Kostis J 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Data suggest that sexual function issues are not uniformly addressed in individuals who have experienced a myocardial infarction (MI). Fewer sex counseling opportunities are offered to the spouse/sexual partner (who also may have health issues) regarding the stress they may experience in engaging in a sexual relation with a partner who underwent this event. The CDC reported that over a five-year period (2012-2016), there were more than 10 million MI/stroke admissions in the US. Many individuals develop sexual dysfunction after an MI. Not only is the MI survivor affected, but the marital dyad is negatively affected as well. These data suggest that sexual counseling should be routinely provided to both the individual who has had an MI and to their sexual partner.

Objective
This literature review aims to review and assess the consistency and adequacy of sexual counseling that is offered to MI survivors and their partners. It also aims to review the possible benefits of sexual counseling for MI survivors and their partners.

Methods
A literature review was conducted on sexual function of MI survivors with the specific focus on sexual counseling provided to these individuals and to their sexual partners. PubMed/Medline and Google Scholar were used with keyword combinations that included, “sexual function after MI/stroke,” “sexual satisfaction,” and “sexual counseling”.

Results
In the 12-month period after an MI, ∼36-48% of men and ∼46-59% of women reported a decrease in sexual activity. Reasons for diminished sexual activity included not only fear of triggering another MI that may be fatal, but also emotional issues, such as depression, and physical limitations. However, sexual relations after an MI do not appear to increase mortality to a significant degree. That is, maintaining or increasing sexual activity frequency after the first six months after MI is associated with improved survival, as shown by studies such as the Translational Research Investigating Underlying Disparities in Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients’ Health Status (TRIUMPH) registry. Despite these data, it appears that few clinicians include sexual health counseling for this population. Of even greater concern, MI survivors are often told to restrict sexual activity. Also of concern, there are no data that address the need for partners to have counseling as well in order to address their sexual needs and concerns. Partners also should be counseled, as many may be concerned about sexual activity triggering an MI recurrence in their partner.

Conclusions
With all the benefits of sexual activity, including emotional wellness, improved physical fitness, reduction of inflammation and cortisol response to stress, sexual health and wellness discussions should be included as part of the post-MI visits. Partners also should be offered sexual counseling by the clinician as well. Sexual wellness for both partners may positively impact a stronger relationship and decrease marital stress.

Disclosure
No
Beneficial Effects of Intrarosa® (Vaginal Prasterone) on the Vaginal Histology of Women With VVA Treated or not With Aromatase Inhibitors: A Breakthrough in the Understanding of the Role of Androgens in Vaginal Health
Authors: Bouchard C , Ouellet J , Coté I , Dumas M , Dury A 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT

Introduction
The vaginal mucosa relies on a constant turnover of its epithelium to remain healthy. Epithelial parabasal cells divide and fill up with glycogen as they get pushed towards the vaginal lumen. They end up desquamating and releasing glycogen for the resident lactobacilli to feed on and acidify the medium. The stimulation required for this quintessential mechanism to go on has historically been attributed to estrogens, however, growing clinical evidence supports that androgens may play a role. Aromatase inhibitors (AI) are used in breast cancer survivors to completely inhibit the synthesis of estrogens. Administering a steroid precursor such as prasterone (DHEA) to patients suffering from vulvovaginal atrophy (VVA) and taking AI will therefore only result in local synthesis of androgens, but no estrogens.

Objective
We set out to compare the histological changes an atrophic vaginal mucosa goes through with prasterone treatment, with and without exclusion of the estrogenic benefits by AI.

Methods
A Wittner punch was used to collect biopsies both before and after 12 weeks of treatment with 6.5 mg intravaginal prasterone daily (Intrarosa®). Upon collection, samples were formalin fixed and paraffin embedded for further processing. Morphological assessment of the biopsies was conducted using Masson's trichrome staining. Six menopausal women suffering from VVA and meeting the inclusion criteria were recruited, as well as two breast cancer survivors on AI.

Results
The degree of epithelial atrophy visible at baseline histology for VVA patients was variable, but all six patients had the histological characteristics of a thick, healthy epithelium by the end of the study. At baseline, both patients on aromatase inhibitors had a very thin, flattened epithelium. Following treatment with prasterone and despite the aromatase inhibitors, the epithelium showed striking histological improvements, regaining thickness, ridges and glycogen synthesis.

Conclusions
Although there is some level of clinical evidence in the literature suggesting that androgens can help treat symptoms of the genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM), data presented here are believed to be the first demonstration of profound beneficial effects of androgens on VVA, independently from estrogens. While further studies are warranted to better understand the respective contributions of androgens and estrogens to the benefits observed with prasterone in the treatment of GSM, the data presented here strongly suggests that androgens play a significant role in the physiopathology of VVA.

Disclosure
Yes, this is sponsored by industry/sponsor: Endoceutics
Education through smoke and ash: thinking without method and the argument for a post-growth education
Authors: White Ricky John , Wolfe Melissa Joy 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis paper speculates as to the material consequences of the ecological crisis for the current objectives of the education system in the State of Victoria. Drawing upon new materialist thought, it presents a post-qualitative inquiry into the lead author’s experiences as an educator during a 2014 fire event in the Latrobe Valley region of Gippsland, Victoria, Australia, known as the Hazelwood Coal Mine Fire. By engaging in thinking without method it unfolds an argument that a political preference for certain theories has resulted in economic growth becoming a key objective of Victoria’s education system. It explores alternative theoretical perspectives, including the theory that there are limits to growth. This theoretical shift implies that any meaningful response to the ecological crisis will require a transition to a post-growth society. The paper considers the implication of this alternative theory for the current objectives of the education system in the State of Victoria. In so doing, it considers what it might mean if we accepted our response-ability to educate for a post-growth society rather than for a society surrounded by smoke and ash.
On the structure of (personal) pronouns in Inuktut
Authors: Compton Richard 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis article examines the internal structure of personal pronouns in Inuktut. Building on previous work on syntactic variation and universals in personal pronoun systems (Harley and Ritter 2002, Ghomeshi and Massam 2020) and drawing on arguments that these and demonstrative pronouns are structurally complex (Déchaine and Wiltschko 2002, Leu 2015), it is argued that Inuktut pronouns are morphosyntactically complex, with exponents realizing multiple functional heads as well as an overt root. In particular, it is claimed that (local) person is represented twice, both as a root and in a higher functional projection. Previous arguments that Inuktut pronouns should instead be analyzed as D heads based on Adnominal Pronoun Constructions are also addressed (Yuan 2018, 2021).
When Do First Ladies Run for Office? Lessons from Latin America
Authors: Arana Araya Ignacio , Guerrero Valencia Carolina 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACTBetween 1999 and 2016, 20 former first ladies ran 26 times for the presidency, vice presidency, or Congress in Latin America. Despite the growing importance of this unique type of candidate, political analysts routinely describe them as mere delegates of ex-presidents. We argue that this view has overlooked the political trajectory of former first ladies, and we claim that women with elected political experience should be regarded as politicians who use the ceremonial role of first lady as a platform to enhance their careers. We hypothesize that first ladies with elected political experience are more likely to run for office as soon as they leave the executive branch. We test our argument by analyzing the 90 former first ladies who were eligible to become candidates in 18 Latin American countries from 1999 to 2016. The results support our argument, opening a new research agenda in the study of women’s representation.
Locating a cultural identity in the use of metaphorical proverbs among the Tai Ahoms of Assam: a study through oral literature
Authors: Phukan Khammoun , Nath Arup K. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis article is an attempt to explore the role of Tai Ahom proverbs as a marker of cultural identity in the realm of postmodern society. Using or choosing culturally driven speech in communication is a linguistic behaviour which reflects the character of the people, their worldview, and thus their uniqueness or difference from the ‘other’. In another way, this might be a conscious way of projecting self. This qualitative study on proverbs of Tai Ahom language and culture adopts the methods of ethnography and textual analysis. A cultural hermeneutic model, along with the participant observation method, was used to collect the data. Finally, the Tai Ahom community of Sivasagar district of Assam, India was chosen as the locus for the research. The findings show that the proverbs are deeply woven by the Ahom community's cultural heritage, history, pride, advice, and satire. Hence, this article provides an insight into Tai Ahoms’ way of living and their worldview. In locating the Tai Ahom's cultural identity within the homogenised bigger community of ‘Assamese’ or akhomiya, this study could help in understanding the differences or uniqueness of the Tai Ahom and thereby the Assamese identity in the present context.
Labour market policies and support for populist radical right parties: the role of nostalgic producerism, occupational risk, and feedback effects
Authors: Bergman Matthew E. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractOne of the growing constituencies of populist movements has been those facing labour market risks. These individuals are hypothesized to be the most likely to find themselves in need of government protection or service provision as their occupations face challenges from abroad through global competition, domestically through competition from immigrant labour, or technologically from automation. Nations, however, vary in how their populations experience such risks. Some nations expend greater effort on job placement or retraining programmes. Others provide legislative protections for workers that shield them from the potential of lost employment. Using data from the latest three rounds of the European Social Survey, this paper seeks to examine how individual-level preferences towards populist radical right parties are mediated by the visibility/size of contemporary county-level efforts to ameliorate labour market risk in a sample of 14 West European nations. The analysis distinguishes whether occupational characteristics and/or government policies have a differential impact on supporting populist radical right parties. While labour market policies might be designed to mitigate labour market risk, for many individuals, they have the effect of intensifying support for populist parties.
Informal international law-making: A way around the deadlock of international humanitarian law?
Authors: Janssens Pauline Charlotte , Wouters Jan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractOver the last two decades, international humanitarian law (IHL) has seen a stalling with regard to States’ willingness to adopt treaties or to be formally involved in the development of IHL. This raises the question of whether holding on to the doctrine of sources as laid down in Article 38 of the Statute of the International Court of Justice is the only way to meaningfully further develop IHL. Indeed, in recent years IHL instruments have often dispensed with certain formalities that are traditionally linked to (the formal sources of) international law; this phenomenon is also called “informal international law-making” (IIL). The present contribution will analyze IIL as an alternative way forward in light of the current “deadlock” caused by States’ unwillingness to conclude new IHL treaties or to recognize customary IHL. In this article, we will investigate and assess the opportunities, shortcomings and pitfalls offered by informality by looking into examples of IIL within IHL. More concretely, we will look into State practice in relation to (1) the Safe Schools Declaration, (2) the Tallinn Manual and Tallinn Manual 2.0, and (3) the Montreux Document. Most importantly, our findings will assess whether IIL can overcome one of its alleged main disadvantages: its lack of effectiveness.