bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of powdered and beaded chitosan materials modified with ZnO for removing lead (II) ions
Authors: Ngamsurach Pimploy , Namwongsa Nitthawan , Praipipat Pornsawai 
Published: October 2022

AbstractLead contamination in wastewater may affect aquatic organisms, the environment, and human consumption because it is a highly toxic metal that caused human health effects. Thus, it is recommended to remove lead before releasing it into the environment. Powdered and beaded chitosan materials modified with ZnO were synthesized and investigated by various characterized techniques. Lead removal efficiencies of chitosan materials were studied by batch experiments, adsorption isotherms, and kinetics. Chitosan powder (CP), chitosan beads (CB), chitosan beads mixed ZnO (CZB), and chitosan beads coated ZnO (ZCB) were synthesized. CP represented a semi-crystalline structure while CB was an amorphous structure. CZB and ZCB were semi-crystalline structures with ZnO peaks. CP was a scaly-sheet and coarse surface while CB, CZB, and ZCB were sphere shapes with scaly-sheet surfaces. C, O, and N were the main chemical elements in chitosan materials, and Zn was detected in CZB and ZCB. O–H, N–H, and C–O were the main functional groups of chitosan materials. All chitosan materials had high lead removal efficiencies of more than 92%, and Freundlich and pseudo-second-order kinetic models well explained their adsorption patterns and mechanisms. Therefore, both adding metal oxide and changing material form are recommended for improving material efficiency, and ZCB was a good offer for further industrial applications.
Modification of SWCNTs with hybrid materials ZnO–Ag and ZnO–Au for enhancing bactericidal activity of phagocytic cells against Escherichia coli through NOX2 pathway
Authors: Al Rugaie Osamah , Jabir Majid S. , Mohammed Mustafa K. A. , Abbas Ruaa H. , Ahmed Duha S. , Sulaiman Ghassan M. , Mohammed Salman A. A. , Khan Riaz A. , Al-Regaiey Khalid A. , Alsharidah Mansour , Mohany Khalid M. , Mohammed Hamdoon A. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractZinc oxide-silver (ZnO–Ag), and zinc oxide-gold (ZnO–Au) nano-composites were prepared through wet chemical process and laced into single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) to yield ZnO–Ag-SWCNTs, and ZnO–Au-SWCNTs hybrids. These nano-composite-laced SWCNTs hybrids were characterized using Raman spectroscopic, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses. The hybrids were evaluated for their effects on phagocytic cells and bactericidal activity against the gram-negative bacteria E. coli. Their phagocytic cell activities and intracellular killing actions were found to be significantly increased, as the ZnO–Ag-SWCNTs and ZnO–Au-SWCNTs nano-hybrids induced widespread clearance of Escherichia coli. An increase in the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) also led to upregulated phagocytosis, which was determined mechanistically to involve the phagocyte NADPH oxidase (NOX2) pathway. The findings emphasized the roles of ZnO–Ag- and ZnO–Au-decorated SWCNTs in the prevention of bacterial infection by inhibiting biofilm formation, showing the potential to be utilized as catheter coatings in the clinic.
De novo Y1460C missense variant in NaV1.1 impedes the pore region and results in epileptic encephalopathy
Authors: Plumereau Quentin , Ebdalla Aya , Poulin Hugo , Appendino Juan Pablo , Scantlebury Morris H. , Au Ping Yee Billie , Chahine Mohamed 
Published: October 2022

AbstractEpilepsy is a common neurological disorder characterized by recurrent unprovoked seizures. SCN1A encodes NaV1.1, a neuronal voltage-gated Na+ channel that is highly expressed throughout the central nervous system. NaV1.1 is localized within the axon initial segment where it plays a critical role in the initiation and propagation of action potentials and neuronal firing, predominantly in γ-amino-butyric-acid (GABA)ergic neurons of the hippocampus. The objective of this study was to characterize a de novo missense variant of uncertain significance in the SCN1A gene of a proband presented with febrile status epilepticus characterized by generalized tonic clonic movements associated with ictal emesis and an abnormal breathing pattern. Screening a gene panel revealed a heterozygous missense variant of uncertain significance in the SCN1A gene, designated c.4379A>G, p.(Tyr1460Cys). The NaV1.1 wild-type (WT) and mutant channel reproduced in vivo and were transfected in HEK 293 cells. Na+ currents were recorded using the whole-cell configuration of the patch-clamp technique. This NaV1.1 variant (Tyr1460Cys) failed to express functional Na+ currents when expressed in HEK293 cells, most probably due to a pore defect of the channel given that the cell surface expression of the channel was normal. Currents generated after co-transfection with functional WT channels exhibited biophysical properties comparable to those of WT channels, which was mainly due to the functional WT channels at the cell surface. The NaV1.1 variant failed to express functional Na+ currents, most probably due to pore impairment and exhibited a well-established loss of function mechanism. The present study highlights the added-value of functional testing for understanding the pathophysiology and potential treatment decisions for patients with undiagnosed developmental epileptic encephalopathy.
Tailoring the active site for the oxygen evolution reaction on a Pt electrode
Authors: Iizuka Kazuki , Kumeda Tomoaki , Suzuki Kota , Tajiri Hiroo , Sakata Osami , Hoshi Nagahiro , Nakamura Masashi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractHighly active electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) are essential to improve the efficiency of water electrolysis. The properties of OER active sites on single-crystal Pt electrodes were examined herein. The OER is markedly enhanced by repeated oxidative and reductive potential cycles on the Pt(111) surface. The OER activity on Pt(111) is nine times higher in the third cycle than that before the potential cycles. OER activation by potential cycling depends on the (111) terrace width, with wider (111) terraces significantly enhancing the OER. The oxidation/reduction of the Pt(111) surface produces atomic-sized vacancies on the terraces that activate the OER. Structural analysis using X-ray diffraction reveals that the active sites formed by potential cycling are defects in the second subsurface Pt layer. Potential cycling induces the bowl-shaped roughening of the electrode surface, wherein high-coordination number Pt atoms at the bottom of the cavities activate the OER.
Influence of the first-mover advantage on the gender disparities in physics citations
Authors: Kong Hyunsik , Martin-Gutierrez Samuel , Karimi Fariba 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMounting evidence suggests that science and engineering fields suffer from gender biases. In this paper, we study the physics community, a discipline where women are still under-represented and gender disparities persist. To reveal such inequalities, we perform a paper matching analysis using a robust statistical similarity metric. Our analyses indicate that women’s papers tend to have lower visibility in the global citation network, a phenomenon significantly influenced by the temporal aspects of scientific production. Within pairs of similar papers, the authors that publish first tend to obtain more citations. From the group perspective, men have cumulative historical advantages due to women joining the field later and at a slower rate. Altogether, these results indicate that the first-mover advantage plays a crucial role in the emergence of gender disparities in citations of women-authored papers in the physics community.
Multi‐modal fusion method for human action recognition based on IALC
Authors: Zhang Yinhuan , Xiao Qinkun , Liu Xing , Wei Yongquan , Chu Chaoqin , Xue Jingyun 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn occlusion and interaction scenarios, human action recognition (HAR) accuracy is low. To address this issue, this paper proposes a novel multi‐modal fusion framework for HAR. In this framework, a module called improved attention long short‐term memory (IAL) is proposed, which combines the improved SE‐ResNet50 (ISE‐ResNet50) with long short‐term memory (LSTM). IAL can extract the video sequence features and the skeleton sequence features of human behaviour. To improve the performance of HAR at a high semantic level, the obtained multi‐modal sequence features are fed into a couple hidden Markov model (CHMM), and a multi‐modal IAL+CHMM method called IALC is developed based on a probability graph model. To test the performance of the proposed method, experiments are conducted on the HMDB51, UCF101, Kinetics 400k, and ActivityNet datasets, and the obtained recognition accuracy are 86.40%, 97.78%, 81.12%, and 69.36% on the four datasets, respectively. The experimental results show that when the environment is complex, the proposed multi‐modal fusion method for HAR based on the IALC can achieve more accurate target recognition results.
Dynamic convolutional capsule network for In‐loop filtering in HEVC video codec
Authors: Su LiChao , Cao Mengqing , Yu Yue , Chen Jian , Yang XiuZhi , Wu Dapeng 
Published: October 2022

AbstractRecently, several in‐loop filtering algorithms based on convolutional neural network (CNN) have been proposed to improve the efficiency of HEVC (High Efficiency Video Coding). Conventional CNN‐based filters only apply a single model to the whole image, which cannot adapt well to all local features from the image. To solve this problem, an in‐loop filtering algorithm based on a dynamic convolutional capsule network (DCC‐net) is proposed, which embeds localized dynamic routing and dynamic segmentation algorithms into capsule network, and integrate them into the HEVC hybrid video coding framework as a new in‐loop filter. The proposed method brings average 7.9% and 5.9% BD‐BR reductions under all intra (AI) and random access (RA) configurations, respectively, as well as, 0.4 dB and 0.2 dB BD‐PSNR gains, respectively. In addition, the proposed algorithm has an outstanding performance in terms of time efficiency.
Multiple auxiliary classifiers GAN for controllable image generation: Application to license plate recognition
Authors: Shvai Nadiya , Hasnat Abul , Nakib Amir 
Published: October 2022

AbstractOne of the main challenges in developing machine learning (ML) applications is the lack of labeled and balanced datasets. In the literature, different techniques tackle this problem via augmentation, rendering, and over‐sampling. Still, these methods produce datasets that appear less natural, exhibit poor balance, and have less variation. One potential solution is to leverage the Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) which achieves remarkable results in the generation of high‐fidelity natural images. However, expanding the ability of GANs' to control generated image attributes with supervisory information remains a challenge. This research aims to propose an efficient method to generate high‐fidelity natural images with total control of its main attributes. Therefore, this paper proposes a novel Multiple Auxiliary Classifiers GAN (MAC‐GAN) framework based on Auxiliary Classifier GAN (AC‐GAN), multi‐conditioning, Wasserstein distance, gradient penalty, and dynamic loss. It is therefore presented as an efficient solution for highly controllable image synthesis red that allows to enrich and re‐balance datasets beyond data augmentation. Furthermore, the effectiveness of MAC‐GAN images on a target ML application called Automatic License Plate Recognition (ALPR) under limited resource constraints is probed. The improvement achieved is over 5% accuracy, which is mainly due to the ability of the MAC‐GAN to create a balanced dataset with controllable synthesis and produce multiple (different) images with the same attributes, thus increasing the variation of the dataset in a more elaborate way than data augmentation techniques.
Avons-nous trop de médecins en France ?
Authors: Burdillat Martine 
Published: October 2022

Alors que les médecins n’ont jamais été aussi nombreux qu’aujourd’hui, la « crise de la
démographie médicale » retient l’attention publique. Deux raisons principales peuvent expliquer ce
paradoxe. Tout d’abord la densité médicale amorce une décroissance qui devrait se prolonger
pendant une dizaine d’années. La forte densité médicale actuelle masque ensuite des disparités
criantes, entre les territoires et entre les différents métiers médicaux. En outre, ces perspectives
s’annoncent dans un contexte qui voit s’affirmer la question des inégalités d’accès aux soins, en
particulier dans leur dimension financière.
Vers un programme national de recherche en santé publique : Quelles perspectives pour la recherche en santé publique ?
Authors: Chêne Geneviève , Alla François 
Published: October 2022

La recherche en santé publique est une science de l’observation et de l’intervention. « Sont considérées
comme relevant du champ de la recherche en santé publique: l’ensemble des activités de recherche
reliées à la santé et au bien-être de la population et à leurs déterminants, qui visent la production,
l’intégration, la diffusion et l’application de connaissances scientifiques, valides et pertinentes à
l’exercice des fonctions de santé publique. » Par là même, le périmètre de la recherche en santé
publique suit l’évolution des concepts, champs et modes d’intervention de la santé publique.
EFSUMB Clinical Practice Guidelines for Point-of-Care Ultrasound: Part One (Common Heart and Pulmonary Applications) SHORT VERSION
Authors: Jarman Robert David , Colclough Anna , McDermott Cian , Bøtker Morten , Knudsen Lars , Harris Tim , Albaroudi Bilal , Albaroudi Omar , Haddad Mahmoud , Darke Robert , Berry Edward , Breslin Tomas , Fitzpatrick Gareth , Flanagan Leah , Olusanya Olusegun , Craver Dominic , Omar Adhnan , Simpson Thomas , Cherian Nishant , Dore Martin , Prosen Gregor , Kay Sharon , Villén-Villegas Tomás , Gargani Luna , Carley Simon , Woo Michael , Dupriez Florence , Hussain Arif , Via Gabriele , Connolly James Anthony , Peck Marcus , Melniker Larry , Walden Andrew , Attard Biancardi Mark Anthony , Żmijewska-Kaczor Olga , Lalande Elizabeth , Geukens Paul , McLaughlin Russell , Olszynski Paul , Hoffmann Beatrice , Chin Eric , Muhr Christopher , Kim Daniel J. , Mercieca Andre , Shukla Dharmesh , Hayward Simon , Smith Michael , Gaspari Romolo , Smallwood Nick , Pes Philippe , Tavazzi Guido , Corradi Francesco , Lambert Michael , Morris Craig , Trauer Michael , Baker Kylie , Bystrzycki Adam , Goudie Adrian , Liu Rachel , Rudd Lynne , Dietrich Christoph F. , Jenssen Christian , Sidhu Paul S. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Objective To evaluate the evidence and produce a summary and recommendations for the most common heart and lung point-of-care ultrasound (PoCUS).
Methods We reviewed 10 clinical domains/questions related to common heart and lung applications of PoCUS. Following review of the evidence, a summary and recommendations were produced, including assigning levels of evidence (LoE) and grading of recommendation, assessment, development, and evaluation (GRADE). 38 international experts, the expert review group (ERG), were invited to review the evidence presented for each question. A level of agreement of over 75 % was required to progress to the next section. The ERG then reviewed and indicated their level of agreement of the summary and recommendation for each question (using a 5-point Likert scale), which was approved in the case of a level of agreement of greater than 75 %. A level of agreement was defined as a summary of “strongly agree” and “agree” on the Likert scale responses.
Findings and Recommendations One question achieved a strong consensus for an assigned LoE of 3 and a weak GRADE recommendation (question 1), the remaining 9 questions achieved broad agreement with an assigned LoE of 4 and a weak GRADE recommendation (question 2), three achieved an LoE of 3 with a weak GRADE recommendation (questions 3–5), three achieved an LoE of 3 with a strong GRADE recommendation (questions 6–8) and the remaining two were assigned an LoE of 2 with a strong GRADE recommendation (questions 9 and 10).
Conclusion These consensus-derived recommendations should aid clinical practice and highlight areas of further research for PoCUS in acute settings.
The Association of Antenatal Depression and Cesarean Delivery among First-Time Parturients: A Population-Based Study
Authors: Ayala Nina K. , Schlichting Lauren , Lewkowitz Adam K. , Kole-White Martha B. , Gjelsvik Annie , Monteiro Karine , Amanullah Siraj 
Published: October 2022

Objective Antenatal depression (AD) has been considered a risk factor for cesarean delivery (CD); however, the supporting data are inconsistent. We used a large, nationally representative dataset to evaluate whether there is an association between AD and CD among women delivering for the first time.
Study Design We utilized the 2016 to 2019 Multistate Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS) from the Centers for Disease Control. First-time parturients who reported depression in the 3 months prior to or at any point during their recent pregnancy were compared with those who did not. The mode of delivery was obtained through the birth certificate. Maternal demographics, pregnancy characteristics, and delivery characteristics were compared by the report of AD using bivariable analyses. Population-weighted multivariable regression was performed, adjusting for maternal age, race/ethnicity, insurance, pregnancy complications, preterm birth, and body mass index (BMI).
Results Of the 61,605 people who met the inclusion criteria, 18.3% (n = 11,896) reported AD and 29.8% (n = 19,892) underwent CD. Parturients with AD were younger, more likely to be non-Hispanic white, publicly insured, use tobacco in pregnancy, deliver earlier, have lower levels of education, higher BMIs, and more medical comorbidities (hypertension and diabetes). After adjustment for these differences, there was no difference in risk of CD between those with AD compared with those without (adjusted odds ratio: 1.04; 95% confidence interval: 0.97–1.13).
Conclusion In a large, population-weighted, nationally representative sample of first-time parturients, there was no association between AD and CD.
Key Points
Femoral Artery Injuries in Closed Femur Shaft Fractures: Case Report
Authors: Krishna Sathya Vamsi , B. Sindhu , T.R Suhas , Sumanahalli Chandrashekar H. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Case 1 and 2 Two young male patients, sustained injury to the superficial femoral artery (SFA) following a closed femur shaft fracture. The arterial injuries were confirmed by computed tomography angiography and both underwent fracture fixation and on SFA exploration; a thrombosed arterial segment was noted at the fracture site, addressed with arteriotomy and thrombectomy to restore the vascularity. At 1-year follow-up, both patients had good union at the fracture site and a well-perfused limb.
Conclusion Thorough clinical examination and appropriate diagnostic studies can diagnose these rare vascular injuries in closed fractures and with early vascular repair potentially limb-threatening complications can be prevented.
The Primary Cost Drivers of Outpatient Distal Radius Fracture Fixation: A Cost-Minimalization Analysis of 15,379 Cases
Authors: Hresko Andrew M. , Li Lambert T. , Bokshan Steven L. , Thirumavalavan Jeyvikram , Gil Joseph A. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background Distal radius fractures are the most common fracture of the upper extremity. While some distal radius fractures can be managed with closed reduction and immobilization, operative treatment is the standard of care, with open reduction internal fixation (ORIF) as a predominant operative method.
Questions/Purpose To investigate how patient and surgical characteristics affect the overall costs of internal fixation of distal radius fractures in adults.
Patients and Methods The 2014 State Ambulatory Surgery and Services Databases for six states were used to identify cases and surgical characteristics of distal radius fracture ORIF in adult patients.
Results Surgical variables that significantly increased cost were postoperative admission within 30 days, regional anesthesia, simultaneous endoscopic carpal tunnel release, and increasing operating room time.
Conclusion Substantial contributors to total cost are postoperative hospital admission within 30 days of surgery, use of regional anesthesia, simultaneous endoscopic carpal tunnel release, and longer operative time.
Level of Evidence Level III, retrospective cohort study.
Four-Corner Arthrodesis with a Dorsal Locking PEEK Plate: A Retrospective Case Series
Authors: Hayes Emmitt , Leswick David A. , Obaid Haron , Sauder David A. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background Four-corner arthrodesis (4CA) can be performed with a variety of methods. To our knowledge, fewer than 125 cases of 4CA with a locking polyether ether ketone (PEEK) plate have been reported, necessitating further study.
Purpose The purpose of this study was to evaluate the radiographic union rate and clinical outcomes in a series of patients who received 4CA with a locking PEEK plate.
Methods We re-examined 39 wrists in 37 patients at a mean follow-up of 50 months (median: 52 months, range: 6–128). Patients completed the Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (QuickDASH), Patient-Rated Wrist Evaluation (PRWE), and participated in measurements of grip strength and range of motion. Anteroposterior, lateral, and oblique radiographs of the operative wrist were examined for union, screw breakage and/or loosening, and lunate change.
Results The mean QuickDASH score was 24.4 and the mean PRWE score was 26.5. Mean grip strength was 29.2 kg or 84% of the nonoperative hand. Mean flexion, extension, radial deviation, and ulnar deviation were : 37.2, 28.9, 14.1, and 17.4 degrees, respectively. Eighty-seven percent of wrists achieved union; 8% had nonunion; and5% had indeterminate union. There were seven cases of screw breakage and seven cases of screw loosening (as defined by lucency or bony resorption surrounding screws). Twenty-three percent of wrists required reoperation (four total wrist arthrodesis and five reoperations for other reasons).
Conclusion 4CA with a locking PEEK plate has clinical and radiographic outcomes similar to other methods. We observed a high rate of hardware complications. It is unclear whether this implant offers a clear advantage over other methods of fixation used in 4CA.
Type of Study/Level of Evidence Level IV, therapeutic study.
Tonal iconicity and narrative transformation
Authors: Pelkey Jamin 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Building on recent research, this paper argues that left-right bilaterality and symmetrical reversibility play only a limited role in the embodied grounding of chiasmus and its cognitive and cultural affordances. Expanding such accounts to feature the bodily semiotics of vertical and transverse modeling is necessary. To better demonstrate this point and elaborate on its implications, the paper presents two narrative case studies: Sylvia Plath’s short story ‘Johnny Panic and the Bible of Dreams’ and Episode 1 of the podcast Dolly Parton’s America, entitled ‘Sad Ass Songs’. Both narratives evoke explicitly embodied blends involving analogous upper-lower body part systems; both integrate these blends with chiastic dynamics that are explicit in the syntax and implicit in the discourse pragmatics of each text; and both texts use these chiastic macro-blends to frame transformations that function as each narrative’s interpretive locus. I explicate these sense-making strategies through a semiotic discourse analysis, applying insights from Peircean semiotics and cognitive linguistics to show how chiastic meaning can be grounded in the coalescence of oppositional but complementary layers of tonal iconicity (felt resemblances) referenced by diagrammatic types and tokens, all of which are implicit in, and intrinsic to, the lived experience of habitual upright posture.