bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Configuration Transformation Planning Method of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Cluster Based on Improved Hungarian Algorithm
Authors: Shen XiaoDong , Chen Lei 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
For the planning problem of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) formation configuration transformation, a formation configuration transformation planning method based on the improved Hungarian algorithm is proposed. By selecting a straight-line path as the movement path of UAVs in configuration transformation, the configuration transformation problem is transformed into a multi-UAV position assignment problem with constraint handling in a dynamic environment. For the Hungarian algorithm efficiency matrix power function treatment, the improved algorithm can be simultaneously bivariate integrated optimization; Introduce the time axis in the configuration space to establish the configuration-time space, and analyze the collision constraints during the dynamic transformation process in this space, and finally, the feasibility of the method is verified by simulation.
Abrupt changes detection using wavelet-based denoising analysis
Authors: Yang Chen , Zhu Li , Tian Xiangpeng , Xiao Yu , Li Qinghai , Liu Wei 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Switching power supply is an essential power supply method that exists in the development of the electronic information industry. Drive power supply has various quality problems, primarily due to the loss of power inductors; for power inductor capacity testing, making a feasibility assessment is of great significance. In this study, we present a wavelet-based approach for detecting sudden changes in the power inductor current curve. To reliably identify rapid changes in the saturation of the inductor current after energization, the discrete wavelet transform is utilized to analyze the signal within a specified subset of all scaling and translation values, displaying different local signal characteristics.
Research on Rocket Telemetry Image Classification Based on CNN
Authors: Li Mingliang , Peng Yulu , Zhao Mei , Yang Xiaobo , Wang Sheng 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The Rocket telemetry image is an important part of rocket flight data. At present, the Rocket telemetry image is still classified by manual. This method is inefficient and time-consuming. In this paper, the Rocket telemetry image is classified by using Convolutional Neural Network(CNN). Then the rocket flight stage is automatically determines by machine vision. These can set the foundation for future utilization.
Real-time density feedback control in ADITYA-U Tokamak
Authors: Patel K. , Nagora U.C. , Joshi H.C. , Pathak S.K. , Jadeja K.A. , Patel K.M. , Virani C. , Patel A. , Tanna R.L. , Kumar R. , Aich S. , Ghosh J. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
A real-time density feedback control system with a 100 GHz
heterodyne interferometer has been designed, developed, and
commissioned in ADITYA-U tokamak. It consists of three subsystems
i.e. density measurement, feedback control, and gas fuelling. A
proportional feedback controller is configured in voltage amplitude
mode to operate the piezo valve for gas injection. Experiments are
performed during plasma discharges to achieve a predefined density
evolution as well as constant density. Stickiness of the piezo
valve restricts the temporal response of the valve. It is required
to minimize during the plasma discharge for a fast density response
which is achieved by a short preceding voltage pulse known as a
stick pulse. This paper describes the implementation of a real-time
density feedback control system which is successfully validated
using another existing 140 GHz interferometer system in ADITYA-U.
Moreover, the developed system consumes low power, is cost-effective
and re-programmable, can be easily upgraded, and provides interlock
with plasma parameters.
Energy transfer in a type-I van der Waals heterostructure of WSe2/PtSe2
Authors: Wang Pengzhi , Wang Yongsheng , Bian Ang , Hao Shengcai , Miao Qing , Zhang Xiaoxian , He Jiaqi , He Dawei , Zhao Hui 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Energy transfer of a van der Waals heterostructure formed by monolayers of WSe2 and PtSe2 is studied by steady-state photoluminescence (PL) and time-resolved transient absorption spectroscopy. The heterostructure sample is fabricated by transferring a mechanically exfoliated WSe2 monolayer onto a PtSe2 monolayer film obtained by chemical vapor deposition. The sample is thermally annealed to improve the interface quality. PL of the heterostructure is quenched by four times compared to the individual WSe2 monolayer, indicating excitation transfer from WSe2 to PtSe2. Femtosecond transient absorption measurements with two configurations show that both the electrons and the holes can transfer from WSe2 to PtSe2 on a sub-picosecond time scale, while neither can transfer from PtSe2 to WSe2. These results indicate that WSe2 and PtSe2 monolayers form a type-I band alignment with both the conduction band minimum and the valence band maximum in the PtSe2 layer.
Two-dimensional polymers made of carbonyl-bridged heterotriangulenes are promising anode materials for Li-ion batteries
Authors: Yang Youchao , Geng Weixiang , Xu Tianze , Jing Yu 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
By means of first-principles calculations, we have explored the potential of two-dimensional (2D) polymers made of carbonyl-bridged triphenylamine (CTPA) and carbonyl-bridged triphenylborane (CTPB) as electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Our investigations demonstrate that the carbonyl groups of 2D CTPB and CTPA are rather active to accommodate Li. Both 2D CTPA and CTPB show the transition from semiconductor to metal after combining with Li. The migration of Li through the pore space of 2D CTPB and CTPA is facilitated with a small diffusion barrier of 0.76 and 0.79 eV, respectively. 2D CTPB exhibits a high theoretical capacity of 760.86 mAh g−1 because it can accommodate Li at both the carbonyl sites and the surface sites of the skeleton, which is ascribed to the promotion of the electron-deficient B center. As a comparison, 2D CTPA can only combine with Li at the carbonyl sites and shows a capacity of 251.09 mAh g−1. With fast Li-diffusion ability, high capacity and low average operating voltage, 2D CTPA and CTPB are predicted to be promising non-metal anode materials for LIBs.
Templated synthesis of crystalline mesoporous CeO2 with organosilane-containing polymers: balancing porosity, crystallinity and catalytic activity
Authors: Luo Qiang , Wei Zichao , Duan Hanyi , Jin Lei , Kankanamage Rumasha N T , Shuster Seth , Suib Steven L , Rusling James F , He Jie 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
We report the synthesis of ordered mesoporous ceria (mCeO2) with highly crystallinity and thermal stability using hybrid polymer templates consisting of organosilanes. Those organosilane-containing polymers can convert into silica-like nanostructures that further serve as thermally stable and mechanically strong templates to prevent the collapse of mesoporous frameworks during thermal-induced crystallization. Using a simple evaporation-induced self-assembly process, control of the interaction between templates and metal precursors allows the co-self-assembly of polymer micelles and Ce3+ ions to form uniform porous structures. The porosity is well-retained after calcination up to 900 °C. After the thermal engineering at 700 °C for 12 h (mCeO2-700-12 h), mCeO2 still has a specific surface area of 96 m2 g−1 with a pore size of 14 nm. mCeO2 is demonstrated to be active for electrochemical oxidation of sulfite. mCeO2-700-12 h with a perfect balance of crystallinity and porosity shows the fastest intrinsic activity that is about 84 times more active than bulk CeO2 and 5 times more active than mCeO2 that has a lower crystallinity.
Evaluation of propensity score methods for causal inference with high-dimensional covariates
Authors: Gao Qian , Zhang Yu , Sun Hongwei , Wang Tong 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In recent work, researchers have paid considerable attention to the estimation of causal effects in observational studies with a large number of covariates, which makes the unconfoundedness assumption plausible. In this paper, we review propensity score (PS) methods developed in high-dimensional settings and broadly group them into model-based methods that extend models for prediction to causal inference and balance-based methods that combine covariate balancing constraints. We conducted systematic simulation experiments to evaluate these two types of methods, and studied whether the use of balancing constraints further improved estimation performance. Our comparison methods were post-double-selection (PDS), double-index PS (DiPS), outcome-adaptive LASSO (OAL), group LASSO and doubly robust estimation (GLiDeR), high-dimensional covariate balancing PS (hdCBPS), regularized calibrated estimators (RCAL) and approximate residual balancing method (balanceHD). For the four model-based methods, simulation studies showed that GLiDeR was the most stable approach, with high estimation accuracy and precision, followed by PDS, OAL and DiPS. For balance-based methods, hdCBPS performed similarly to GLiDeR in terms of accuracy, and outperformed balanceHD and RCAL. These findings imply that PS methods do not benefit appreciably from covariate balancing constraints in high-dimensional settings. In conclusion, we recommend the preferential use of GLiDeR and hdCBPS approaches for estimating causal effects in high-dimensional settings; however, further studies on the construction of valid confidence intervals are required.
Analysis of Myocarditis Among 252 Million mRNA-1273 Recipients Worldwide
Authors: Straus Walter , Urdaneta Veronica , Esposito Daina B , Mansi James A , Sanz Rodriguez Cesar , Burton Paul , Vega José M 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Background
Growing evidence indicates a causal relationship between SARS-CoV-2 infection and myocarditis. Post-authorization safety data have also identified myocarditis as a rare safety event following mRNA COVID-19 vaccination, particularly among adolescent and young-adult males after dose 2. We further evaluated the potential risk by querying the Moderna global safety database for myocarditis/myopericarditis reports among mRNA-1273 recipients worldwide.

Methods
Myocarditis/myopericarditis reports from 18 December 2020 to 15 February 2022 were reviewed and classified. The reported rate after any known mRNA-1273 dose was calculated according to age and sex, then compared with a population-based incidence rate to calculate observed-to-expected rate ratios (RRs).

Results
During the study period, 3017 myocarditis/myopericarditis cases among 252 million mRNA-1273 recipients who received at least 1 dose were reported to the Moderna global safety database. The overall reporting rate was 9.23 per 100 000 person-years, which was similar to the expected reference rate (9.0 cases per 100 000 person-years; RR [95% confidence interval (CI)], 1.03 [.97–1.08]). When stratified by sex and age, observed rates were highest for males aged &lt;40 years, particularly those 18–24 years (53.76 per 100 000 person-years), which was higher than expected (RR [95% CI], 3.10 [2.68–3.58]). When considering only cases occurring within 7 days of a known dose, the observed rate was highest for males aged 18–24 years after dose 2 (4.23 per 100 000 doses administered).

Conclusions
Myocarditis/myopericarditis rates were not higher than expected for the overall population of mRNA-1273 recipients but were higher than expected in males aged 18–24 years, with most cases occurring 7 days after dose 2.
Durability of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Messenger RNA Booster Vaccine Protection Against Omicron Among Healthcare Workers With a Vaccine Mandate
Authors: Richterman Aaron , Behrman Amy , Brennan Patrick J , O’Donnell Judith A , Snider Christopher K , Chaiyachati Krisda H 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Background
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron variant has spread rapidly throughout the world since being identified in South Africa in November 2021. Few studies have assessed primary series and booster vaccine effectiveness against Omicron among US healthcare workers

Methods
We conducted a test-negative case-control design to estimate BNT162b2 and mRNA1273 primary vaccination and booster effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2 infection and symptomatic coronavirus disease 2019 during an Omicron surge among employees of the University of Pennsylvania Health System. The study period was between 1 July 2021 and 5 April 2022. We defined the Delta period as 1 July to 12 December 2021 and the Omicron period as beginning 12 December 21.

Results
Our sample included 14 520 tests (2776 [19%] positive)—7422 (506 [7%] positive) during Delta and 7098 (2270 [32%] positive) during Omicron. Benchmarked against Delta, the vaccine effectiveness of 2 vaccine doses was lower during Omicron, with no significant protection against infection. Booster doses added significant protection, although they also showed reduced effectiveness during Omicron. Compared with findings in employees who had received 2 vaccine doses, 3 doses of BNT162b2 had a relative effectiveness of 50% (95% confidence interval, 42%–56%) during Omicron, relative to 78% (63%–87%) during Delta; 3 doses of mRNA1273 had a relative effectiveness of 56% (45%–65%) during Omicron, relative to 96% (82%–99%) during Delta. Restricting the sample to symptomatic tests yielded similar results to our primary analysis. After initial waning in BNT162b2 booster protection against infection, it remained largely stable for ≥16 weeks after vaccination.

Conclusions
Our findings provide a strong rationale for boosters among healthcare workers in the Omicron era.
An information theory approach to network evolution models
Authors: Farzaneh Amirmohammad , Coon Justin P 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
A novel Markovian network evolution model is introduced and analysed by means of information theory. It will be proved that the model, called network evolution chain, is a stationary and ergodic stochastic process. Therefore, the asymptotic equipartition property can be applied to it. The model’s entropy rate and typical sequences are also explored. Extracting particular information from the network and methods to simulate network evolution in the continuous time domain are discussed. Additionally, the Erdős–Rényi network evolution chain is introduced as a subset of our model with the additional property of its stationary distribution matching the Erdős–Rényi random graph model. The stationary distributions of nodes and graphs are calculated for this subset alongside its entropy rate. The simulation results at the end of the article back up the proved theorems and calculated values.
Combining GWAS and TWAS to identify candidate causal genes for tocochromanol levels in maize grain
Authors: Wu Di , Li Xiaowei , Tanaka Ryokei , Wood Joshua C , Tibbs-Cortes Laura E , Magallanes-Lundback Maria , Bornowski Nolan , Hamilton John P , Vaillancourt Brieanne , Diepenbrock Christine H , Li Xianran , Deason Nicholas T , Schoenbaum Gregory R , Yu Jianming , Buell C Robin , DellaPenna Dean , Gore Michael A 
Published: June 2022

AbstractTocochromanols (tocopherols and tocotrienols, collectively vitamin E) are lipid-soluble antioxidants important for both plant fitness and human health. The main dietary sources of vitamin E are seed oils that often accumulate high levels of tocopherol isoforms with lower vitamin E activity. The tocochromanol biosynthetic pathway is conserved across plant species but an integrated view of the genes and mechanisms underlying natural variation of tocochromanol levels in seed of most cereal crops remains limited. To address this issue, we utilized the high mapping resolution of the maize Ames panel of ∼1,500 inbred lines scored with 12.2 million single-nucleotide polymorphisms to generate metabolomic (mature grain tocochromanols) and transcriptomic (developing grain) data sets for genetic mapping. By combining results from genome- and transcriptome-wide association studies, we identified a total of 13 candidate causal gene loci, including 5 that had not been previously associated with maize grain tocochromanols: 4 biosynthetic genes (arodeH2 paralog, dxs1, vte5, and vte7) and a plastid S-adenosyl methionine transporter (samt1). Expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) mapping of these 13 gene loci revealed that they are predominantly regulated by cis-eQTL. Through a joint statistical analysis, we implicated cis-acting variants as responsible for colocalized eQTL and GWAS association signals. Our multiomics approach provided increased statistical power and mapping resolution to enable a detailed characterization of the genetic and regulatory architecture underlying tocochromanol accumulation in maize grain and provided insights for ongoing biofortification efforts to breed and/or engineer vitamin E and antioxidant levels in maize and other cereals.
Pathophysiological Mechanisms Explaining the Association Between Low Skeletal Muscle Mass and Cognitive Function
Authors: Oudbier Susanne Janette , Goh Jorming , Looijaard Stéphanie Marcella Leonie Maria , Reijnierse Esmee Mariëlle , Meskers Carolus Gerardus Maria , Maier Andrea Britta 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Low skeletal muscle mass is associated with cognitive impairment and dementia in older adults. This review describes the possible underlying pathophysiological mechanisms: systemic inflammation, insulin metabolism, protein metabolism, and mitochondrial function. We hypothesize that the central tenet in this pathophysiology is the dysfunctional myokine secretion consequent to minimal physical activity. Myokines, such as fibronectin type III domain containing 5/irisin and cathepsin B, are released by physically active muscle and cross the blood–brain barrier. These myokines upregulate local neurotrophin expression such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the brain microenvironment. BDNF exerts anti-inflammatory effects that may be responsible for neuroprotection. Altered myokine secretion due to physical inactivity exacerbates inflammation and impairs muscle glucose metabolism, potentially affecting the transport of insulin across the blood–brain barrier. Our working model also suggests other underlying mechanisms. A negative systemic protein balance, commonly observed in older adults, contributes to low skeletal muscle mass and may also reflect deficient protein metabolism in brain tissues. As a result of age-related loss in skeletal muscle mass, decrease in the abundance of mitochondria and detriments in their function lead to a decrease in tissue oxidative capacity. Dysfunctional mitochondria in skeletal muscle and brain result in the excessive production of reactive oxygen species, which drives tissue oxidative stress and further perpetuates the dysfunction in mitochondria. Both oxidative stress and accumulation of mitochondrial DNA mutations due to aging drive cellular senescence. A targeted approach in the pathophysiology of low muscle mass and cognition could be to restore myokine balance by physical activity.
On the Rank of Hermitian Polynomials and the SOS Conjecture
Authors: Gao Yun , Ng Sui-Chung 
Published: June 2022

AbstractLet $z\in \mathbb C^n$ and $\|z\|$ be its Euclidean norm. Ebenfelt proposed a conjecture regarding the possible ranks of the Hermitian polynomials in $z,\bar z$ of the form $A(z,\bar z)\|z\|^2$, known as the SOS conjecture, where SOS stands for “sums of squares”. In this article, we employ and extend the recent techniques developed for local orthogonal maps to study this conjecture and its generalizations to arbitrary signatures. We prove that for a given Hermitian form $\langle \cdot ,\cdot \rangle _\star $ on $\mathbb C^n$ of any signature with at least two nonzero eigenvalues, the ranks of the Hermitian polynomials of the form $A(z,\bar z)\|z\|^2_\star $ can only lie in certain disjoint intervals on the real line. Not only is this consistent with the SOS conjecture, but it also demonstrates that, in fact, the conjecture qualitatively holds in all signatures except the trivial ones. These intervals can be explicitly calculated in terms of $n$ and the signature of $\langle \cdot ,\cdot \rangle _\star $. In addition, the number of such intervals and their widths are of the same order as those stated in the SOS conjecture.
Nothing to see here: failed supernovae are faint or rare
Authors: Byrne R A , Fraser M 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT
The absence of Type IIP core-collapse supernovae arising from progenitors above 17 solar masses suggests the existence of another evolutionary path by which massive stars end their lives. The direct collapse of a stellar core to a black hole without the production of a bright, explosive transient is expected to produce a long-lived, dim, red transient known as a failed supernova. Despite the detection of a number of candidates for disappearing massive stars in recent years, conclusive observational evidence for failed supernovae remains elusive. A custom-built pipeline designed for the detection of faint transients is used to re-analyse 10 yr of observations of 231 nearby galaxies from the PTF/ZTF surveys. This analysis recovers known supernovae, and yields a number of interesting transients. However, none of these are consistent with a failed supernova. Through Monte Carlo tests the recovery efficiency of our pipeline is quantified. By assuming failed supernovae occur as a Poissonian process with zero detections in the data set, 95 per cent upper limits to the rate of failed supernovae are calculated as a function of failed supernova absolute magnitude. We estimate failed supernovae to be less than 0.61, 0.33, 0.26, or 0.23 of the core-collapse SN rate for absolute magnitudes of −11, −12, −13, and −14, respectively. Finally, we show that if they exist, the Vera C. Rubin Observatory will find 1.7–3.7 failed SNe per year for an absolute bolometric luminosity of ∼6 × 1039 erg s−1 out to distances of 33–43 Mpc, depending on their assumed spectral energy distribution.