bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bumetanide for Irritability in Children With Sensory Processing Problems Across Neurodevelopmental Disorders: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: van Andel Dorinde M. , Sprengers Jan J. , Keijzer-Veen Mandy G. , Schulp Annelien J. A. , Lillien Marc R. , Scheepers Floortje E. , Bruining Hilgo 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundTreatment development for neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is impeded by heterogeneity in clinical manifestation and underlying etiologies. Symptom traits such as aberrant sensory reactivity are present across NDDs and might reflect common mechanistic pathways. Here, we test the effectiveness of repurposing a drug candidate, bumetanide, on irritable behavior in a cross-disorder neurodevelopmental cohort defined by the presence of sensory reactivity problems.MethodsParticipants, aged 5–15 years and IQ ≥ 55, with ASD, ADHD, and/or epilepsy and proven aberrant sensory reactivity according to deviant Sensory Profile scores were included. Participants were randomly allocated (1:1) to bumetanide (max 1 mg twice daily) or placebo tablets for 91 days followed by a 28-day wash-out period using permuted block design and minimization. Participants, parents, healthcare providers, and outcome assessors were blinded for treatment allocation. Primary outcome was the differences in ABC-irritability at day 91. Secondary outcomes were differences in SRS-2, RBS-R, SP-NL, BRIEF parent, BRIEF teacher at D91. Differences were analyzed in a modified intention-to-treat sample with linear mixed models and side effects in the intention-to-treat population.ResultsA total of 38 participants (10.1 [SD 3.1] years) were enrolled between June 2017 and June 2019 in the Netherlands. Nineteen children were allocated to bumetanide and nineteen to placebo. Five patients discontinued (n = 3 bumetanide). Bumetanide was superior to placebo on the ABC-irritability [mean difference (MD) −4.78, 95%CI: −8.43 to −1.13, p = 0.0125]. No effects were found on secondary endpoints. No wash-out effects were found. Side effects were as expected: hypokalemia (p = 0.046) and increased diuresis (p = 0.020).ConclusionDespite the results being underpowered, this study raises important recommendations for future cross-diagnostic trial designs.
Comparison of the Efficacy of Anatomic and Non-anatomic Hepatectomy for Hepatic Alveolar Echinococcosis: Clinical Experience of 240 Cases in a Single Center
Authors: A Jide , Zhang Jingni , Chai Jinping , Zhao Shunyun , Wang Hao , A Xiangren , Yang Jinyu 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundHepatic alveolar echinococcosis (AE) is a zoonotic parasitic disease. There are more than 16,000 new cases each year, approximately 60 million people are threatened, and the annual direct economic loss is RMB 3 billion. The prevalence of AE in some areas of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau is as high as 6.0%. Radical resection, including anatomic and non-anatomic hepatectomy, for advanced AE can significantly prolong the survival time of patients. However, there is no literature compared the efficacy of anatomic and non-anatomic hepatectomy. Therefore, by comparing various clinical evaluation indices between anatomic and non-anatomic hepatectomy, this study explored the short-term and long-term efficacy of these two surgical methods for AE.MethodsThe clinical data of patients with AE who underwent radical hepatectomy at Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital from January 2015 to January 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into two groups by surgical method, that were, non-anatomic hepatectomy group and anatomic hepatectomy group. We compared these two groups focusing on basic preoperative data, such as age, sex, lesion size, and liver function parameters; main intraoperative evaluation indices, such as operation time, intraoperative porta hepatis occlusion time, intraoperative blood loss, and blood transfusion; and postoperative recovery evaluation indicators, such as postoperative liver function, incidence of surgical complications, and AE recurrence.ResultsA total of 240 patients were enrolled in this study, including 123 in anatomic hepatectomy group and 117 in non-anatomic hepatectomy group. There were no significant differences (P &gt; 0.05) between baseline characteristics. Anatomic hepatectomy group was advantageous than non-anatomic hepatectomy group regarding intraoperative blood loss (P &lt; 0.001), blood transfusion (P &lt; 0.001), and porta hepatis occlusion time (P &lt; 0.001). There were statistically significant differences in postoperative liver function (aspartate aminotransferase: P &lt; 0.001; alanine aminotransferase: P &lt; 0.001), surgical complications (P &lt; 0.001), and AE recurrence rate (P = 0.003). The median survival of patients in the anatomic hepatectomy group was 66 months, compared to 65 months in the non-anatomic hepatectomy group (χ2 = 4.662, P = 0.031).ConclusionsAnatomic hepatectomy was not only safe for AE but also showed better short-term and long-term superiority than non-anatomic hepatectomy.
Universal Testing Policy for COVID-19 in Pregnancy: A Systematic Review
Authors: Hashim Nur Amirah Farhanah , Mahdy Zaleha Abdullah , Abdul Rahman Rahana , Kalok Aida Hani Mohd , Sutan Rosnah 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundThe coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has spread at an accelerated rate. WHO reported that in the general population, the majority are either asymptomatic or mildly infected. In view of the high risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission from a pregnant woman to her newborn, healthcare workers and other patients, it is a raised concern whether universal testing should be implemented in this targeted population. The current guidelines have not recommended a universal testing policy. In certain European countries, however, the policy was implemented by some hospitals in regions with high prevalence of COVID-19 infection.Aim(s)To assess the justification for universal screening of pregnant women for COVID-19 prior to admission in labor through systematic review of antenatal prevalence of asymptomatic infection, hence risk of inadvertent spread of infection.Materials and MethodsThree databases confined to PubMed, Ovid and Science Direct were used to search for articles from November 2019 onwards published in the English language. The search was conducted using the keywords “COVID-19” or “coronavirus” or “SARS-CoV-2” and “pregnancy” or “pregnant” or “obstetric” or “labor” and “universal” or “testing” or “prevalence”. The review was registered with PROSPERO.ResultsThe search result retrieved 34 studies, with the majority consisting of retrospective cohort studies, while other studies such as prospective cohort study, research letters and a case series were also identified. A total of 19,958 pregnant women were universally tested until the date of report. Overall, the prevalence of universal testing among pregnant women presenting to labor and delivery units are higher in Western regions. From the total number of pregnant women 5.3% tested positive and among these, the majority (75.5%) did not manifest any symptoms at the time of testing.ConclusionIn areas with high prevalence of COVID-19 infection, the implementation of a universal testing policy among pregnant women presenting to labor and admission units may be cost effective in helping to curb disease transmission.Systematic Trial Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42020184248, PROSPERO: CRD42020184248.
The Relationship Between Attentional Bias, Anxiety Sensitivity, and Depression and Anxiety Symptoms: Evidence From the COVID-19 Pandemic in China
Authors: Li Shiyi , Li Xiao 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic has led to observed increases in reported mental health issues, such as depression and anxiety symptoms. There is evidence attentional bias is associated with depression and anxiety, and it has been further suggested that anxiety sensitivity has a role in both the development and maintenance of depression and anxiety symptoms. Understanding these relationships may help inform preventative interventions for those at risk of mental health concerns. The present study explores the role of anxiety sensitivity, specifically physical and cognitive concerns, as a potential mediator of the relationship between attentional bias with depression and anxiety symptoms.MethodParticipants (n = 460) were recruited from the general population in China, and completed an online survey between February and March, 2020 which included the Attention to Positive and Negative Information Scale (APNI), Anxiety Sensitivity Index-3 (ASI-3) and Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21). After exploring the correlations between the measures, mediation analysis was performed to explore the role of anxiety sensitivity (physical and cognitive subscales) in the relationship between attentional bias and depression and anxiety (as measured by the DASS-21).ResultsThe results indicated that negative attention bias was significantly positively correlated with physical and cognitive concerns, physical and cognitive concerns were significantly positively correlated with depression and anxiety, and negative attention bias was significantly positively correlated with depression and anxiety (all ps &lt; 0.001). Physical and cognitive anxiety sensitivity mediated the relationship between negative attention bias and both anxiety and depression symptoms.ConclusionNegative bias was associated with levels of anxiety and depression, and physical and cognitive anxiety sensitivity mediated associations between negative bias and anxiety and depression symptoms. The study provides theoretical support for intervention and guidance on individual mental health during the pandemic, and helps individuals increase their concern to negative emotions.
Admission Homocysteine as a Potential Predictor for Delayed Cerebral Ischemia After Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Authors: Zhang Tiesong , Zhang Luyuan , Nie Kehui , Yang Jun , Lou Haiyan , Wang Jincheng , Huang Sicong , Gu Chenjie , Yan Min , Zhan Renya , Pan Jianwei 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundDelayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) is a primary cause of poor prognosis after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) and needs close medical attention in clinical practice. Homocysteine (Hcy) has been implicated in cerebrovascular diseases. This study aimed to investigate whether serum Hcy could help to predict the occurrence of DCI in aSAH patients, and compare its diagnostic value with traditional methods.MethodsWe enrolled 241 aSAH patients in this study. Serum Hcy levels were collected from each patient. The baseline information was reviewed and analyzed. The binary logistic regression was used to explore the relation of serum Hcy levels with occurrence of DCI, and diagnostic performance of serum Hcy for predicting DCI was evaluated using a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.ResultsThe admission serum Hcy levels were found significantly higher in aSAH patients with DCI than those without (P &lt; 0.001). The serum Hcy levels were positively correlated with the World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies (WFNS) scores, modified Fisher scores as well as Hunt and Hess scores at admission. Multivariate analysis revealed that occurrence of DCI was associated with serum Hcy levels (Odds Ratio [OR] = 1.257; 95% Confidence Interval [CI], 1.133–1.396, P &lt; 0.001), modified Fisher scores (OR = 1.871; 95%CI, 1.111–3.150, P = 0.018) and Hunt and Hess scores (OR = 2.581; 95%CI, 1.222–5.452, P = 0.013) after adjusting for the significant variables in univariate analysis. Meanwhile, serum Hcy levels achieved good performance for DCI prediction (area under the curve [AUC], 0.781; 95%CI, 0.723–0.831, P &lt; 0.001).ConclusionSerum homocysteine might have the potential to be a useful and cost-effective biomarker for predicting the occurrence of DCI in aSAH patients.
Precancerous Conditions of the Lips’ Red Border
Authors: Сёмченко И.М. , Макарова О.В. , Пронорович О.Н. 
Published: February 2022

В статье представлено описание многоступенчатого процесса канцерогенеза, освещены этиологические факторы и факторы риска развития онкопатологии в полости рта и на красной кайме губ. Подробно освещены диагностика, дифференциальная диагностика и профилактика при облигатных и факультативных предраках красной каймы губ. Рассмотрены основные подходы в тактике стоматологов при предраковых заболеваниях в контексте онконастороженности.
The article presents a description of the multistage process of carcinogenesis, highlights the etiological and risk factors for the development of oncopathology in the oral cavity and on the lips’ red border. Diagnostics, differential diagnostics and prevention of obligate and facultative precancer of the lips’ red border are covered in detail. The main approaches in the tactics of dentists for precancerous conditions in the context of cancer vigilance are considered.
CIRUGÍAS POR TRAUMATISMO TORÁCICO: CARACTERIZACIÓN Y VARIABLES ASOCIADAS A MORTALIDAD
Authors: González L. Roberto , Riquelme U. Alejandra , Reyes M. Rodrigo , Alarcón O. Felipe , Barra M. Sebastián , Seguel S. Enrique , Stockins L. Aleck , Jadue T. Andrés , Saldivia Z. Diego , Schaub C. Andrés , Alarcón C. Emilio 
Published: February 2022

Introducción: El traumatismo torácico (TT) es la causa de aproximadamente un cuarto de las muertes por traumatismos. Los pacientes tratados con cirugía por traumatismo torácico (CTT) presentan un amplio espectro de características y pronósticos.Objetivos: Describir características clínicas, indicaciones, temporalidad, morbilidad, mortalidad y las variables asociadas a mortalidad en pacientes con CTT.Materiales y métodos: Estudio observacional de pacientes tratados con CTT, período enero-1981 a diciembre-2019. Revisión de protocolos prospectivos de TT y base de datos. Se realizó regresión logística para variables asociadas a mortalidad. Se utilizó SPSS25® con prueba chi-cuadrado para comparar clasificación, tipo de TT y su distribución temporal, considerando significativo p<0,05.Resultados: Total 808 (18,2%) de 4.448 TT requirieron CTT. Fueron hombres 767 (94,9%) y la edad promedio fue 31,5 ± 13,8 años. El traumatismo fue penetrante y por arma blanca en la mayoría de los casos. Fueron politraumatizados 164 (20,3%). La cirugía fue urgente en 474 (58,7 %), precoz en 41 (5,0%) y diferida en 293 (36,3%) casos. La mortalidad global fue de 6,7% y fue significativamente mayor en TT contusos, politraumatizados y en cirugía urgente. La mortalidad fue 9,7% en CTT urgente, 4,9% en precoz y 2,0% en diferida (p<0,001). Se observaron variables independientes asociadas a mortalidad.Conclusión: En nuestra serie, las CTT se realizaron principalmente en hombres jóvenes con TT penetrantes. Correspondieron a un grupo heterogéneo en cuanto a las indicaciones, hallazgos y lesiones intratorácicas y/o asociadas. Múltiples variables demostraron influir significativamente en la mortalidad de los pacientes tratados con CTT.
Simple and low-temperature vacuum packaging process by using Au/Ta/Ti metal multilayer
Authors: Kariya Shingo , Matsumae Takashi , Kurashima Yuichi , Takagi Hideki , Hayase Masanori , Higurashi Eiji 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
A Au/Ta/Ti metal multilayer was developed to improve the high vacuum packaging process for microdevice fabrication. This study revealed that the wafer coated with the Au/Ta/Ti layer could form direct bonding and absorb residual gas. We investigated the effect of Ta layer thickness on the diffusion of Ti atoms. The Au/Ta/Ti metal multilayers were successfully bonded after a degassing process when the Ta barrier layer is thicker than 1.5 nm. Moreover, the Au/Ta/Ti metal film effectively absorbed the residual gas molecules by annealing at 350 °C. As the annealing temperature for the gas gettering is lower than the previous reports, the Au/Ta/Ti metal multilayer could be useful for the future vacuum packaging process.
Bispectral index monitoring in spinal anesthesia with sedation can prevent dexmedetomidine related bradycardia: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Kim Jiwook , Kim Hui Young , Yun Minsu , Lee Jeongyeop , Kim Joo-Duck , Kang Donghee 
Published: February 2022

Background: An unintentional large dose of dexmedetomidine during sedation can lead to increased side effects such as bradycardia and hypotension. We investigated whether the frequency of bradycardia in patients undergoing surgery under spinal anesthesia and sedation with dexmedetomidine was effected if bispectral index (BIS) was used to monitor the sedation.
Methodology: Fifty patients between 20 and 60 y of age, who underwent spinal anesthesia, were included in this study. The patients were divided into two groups (control and BIS groups). Patients in the control group were administered a loading dose of 1 μg/kg dexmedetomidine for the first 10 min without BIS monitoring, followed by a maintenance dose of 0.2 μg/kg/h. Patients in the BIS group received a loading dose of 1 μg/kg dexmedetomidine for the first 10 min. The maintenance dose in this group was administered at the discretion of the anesthesiologist to maintain the BIS score between 50 and 70. The baseline heart rate (HR), lowest HR, and the difference between baseline and the lowest HR were calculated.
Results: The baseline HR was 74.4 ± 11.0 beats per minute (bpm) and 80.9 ± 16.0 bpm, in the control and BIS groups respectively (p = 0.098). The difference between the baseline and lowest HR in the control and BIS groups was 19.4 ± 7.6 bpm and 25.5 ± 8.8 bpm, respectively (p = 0.011). Low baseline HR was positively correlated with a reduced lowest HR.
Conclusions: The frequency of bradycardia during sedation with dexmedetomidine decreased with BIS monitoring. Patients with a low baseline HR were more likely to develop bradycardia during sedation with dexmedetomidine. Therefore, BIS monitoring may be helpful in patients with low baseline HR.
Key words: Bispectral index monitor; Dexmedetomidine; heart rate; spinal anesthesia
Citation: Kim J, Kim HY, Yun M, Lee J, Kim JD, Kang D. Bispectral index monitoring during sedation with dexmedetomidine in spinal anesthesia prevents bradycardia: a randomized clinical trial. Anaesth. pain intensive care 2021;26(1):14-19 ;
DOI: 10.35975/apic.v26i1.1760
Medication Administration Safety Practices and Perceived Barriers Among Nurses: A Cross-Sectional Study in Northern Nigeria
Authors: Jafaru Yahaya , Abubakar Danladi 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Safe medication administration is a vital process that ensures patients' safety and quality of life. However, reports of medication errors and their solutions are lacking. The aim of this study was to examine the correlation between medication administration safety practices and perceived barriers among nurses in northern Nigeria.

Methods
A descriptive approach to research and cross-sectional design was applied to this study. The study population included nurse employees of the Zamfara State Government in northern Nigeria. Simple random sampling and systematic sampling were used in selecting the respondents of the study. Descriptive analysis and the Spearman rank-order correlation were used in data analysis.

Results
Fewer than 50% of the respondents were found to agree or strongly agree that they identify allergic patients before administering medication. Most of the respondents had agreed or strongly agreed with the following as barriers to medication administration safety practices: lack of appropriate coordination between physicians and nurses, and lack of favorable policies and facilities. There was a very weak positive correlation between medication safety practices and barriers to medication safety practices, and the correlation was statistically significant (rs = 0.180, P = 0.009).

Conclusion
There was a high level of desirable medication administration safety practices that the respondents followed. Nonidentification of a patient's allergic status and inadequate information on the effects of medications were among the identified medication administration practice gaps. There should be policies guiding medication administration in all hospitals in Zamfara, Nigeria.
Components and Forms of Aggression in Adolescents Displaying Deviant Behavior
Authors: Фомина Н.А. , Кротенко Е.В. 
Published: February 2022

В статье рассмотрена проблема личности и ее свойств на примере агрессивности девиантных подростков.Обоснована актуальность изучения агрессивности в подростковом возрасте, особенно в современных условиях развития личности.Описаны результаты исследования личностной агрессивности как единства содержательных и инструментально-динамических составляющих в рамках системно-функци­онального подхода А. И. Крупнова.Раскрыты особенности проявления различных форм агрессивного и враждебного поведения подростками, допускающими девиации в поведении.Раскрыты связи между различными составляющими агрессивности и формами агрессивного и враждебного поведения у девиантных подростков.Представленные в статье материалы вносят определенный вклад в общую и возрастную психологию, психологию личности и психологию девиантного поведения, обогащая системный подход к исследованию свойств личности новыми эмпирическими данными о специфических особенностях различных составляющих агрессивности девиантных подростков. Они могут быть использованы в практической деятельности педагогов и психологов при психолого-педагогическом сопровождении данной категории сложных подростков, а также в учебных курсах по психологическим дисциплинам.
The article focuses on the issue of personality and its characteristics using the example of aggression in adolescents displaying deviant behaviour.It accounts for the relevance of investigating aggression in adolescents, especially in the contemporary conditions of personality development.It describes the results of a research investigating aggression as a unity of conceptual and instrumental components within the framework of a systemic and functional approach developed by A. I. Krupnov.It focuses on the peculiarities of aggressive and hostile behaviour in adolescents displaying deviant behaviour.It traces connections between various components of aggression and the forms of aggressive and hostile behaviour in adolescents displaying deviant behaviour.The analyzed materials contribute to general psychology and age psychology, to personal psychology and psychology of deviant behaviour. The collected empirical data on adolescents with deviant behaviour contribute to the systemic approach to the investigation of personality. The analysed data can be used by teachers and psychologists in their practical work to improve the quality of psychological support of adolescents with deviant behaviour. They can also be useful to students who study psychology.