bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparing exposed and buried Kirschner wires in fixation for pediatric supracondylar humerus fractures: A propensity score-matched study
Authors: Suganuma Seigo , Tada Kaoru , Takagawa Shingo , Yasutake Hidetoshi , Shimanuki Keito , Shinmura Kazuya , Fujita Kenji , Tsuchiya Hiroyuki 
Published: October 2022

Purpose To thoroughly compare the outcomes between exposed and buried Kirschner wires (K-wires) in fixation for pediatric supracondylar humerus fractures. Methods We examined patients who underwent surgery at our institution between January 2007 and June 2021. We investigated their age, sex, fracture pattern, number of K-wires used, whether they were exposed or buried, operative time, postoperative complications, number of outpatient visits, duration from surgery to K-wire removal, total length of hospitalization, and perioperative radiographic parameters. After propensity score matching, intergroup comparisons were performed to assess the differences in postoperative complication rate, number of outpatient visits, duration from surgery to K-wire removal, total length of hospitalization, and loss of reduction. Results Propensity score matching resulted in 43 pairs in both groups. Although more patients complained of skin irritation in the buried K-wire group, there was more backing out of the K-wire in the exposed K-wire group ( p < 0.01). There were no significant differences in other complications. There were more outpatient visits in the buried K-wire group ( p < 0.01). The duration from surgery to K-wire removal and the total length of hospitalization were significantly longer in the buried K-wire group ( p < 0.01). There was no significant difference in the loss of Baumann’s angle ( p = 0.61), tilting angle ( p = 0.48), or the development of rotation ( p > 0.99) between groups. Conclusion More outpatient visits and longer lengths of hospitalization in the buried K-wire group may lead to increased costs and burden on parents.
Safety and efficacy of endovascular thrombectomy in patients with severe cerebral venous thrombosis: A meta-analysis
Authors: Nepal Gaurav , Kharel Sanjeev , Bhagat Riwaj , Coghlan Megan A , Yadav Jayant K , Goeschl Stella , Lamichhane Rajan , Phuyal Subash , Ojha Rajeev , Shrestha Gentle S 
Published: October 2022

Background Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is a rare thrombotic condition which is traditionally treated with anti-coagulation therapy. Subsets of patients with severe CVT have been treated with endovascular thrombectomy (EVT). Despite the high estimated mortality associated with severe CVT, there has been only one randomized control trial done regarding safety and efficacy of EVT in severe CVT compared to standard medical management. Evidence in this area is lacking. Objective The aim of this systematic review is to analyze all existing literature and generate robust information regarding the role of EVT in the management of patients with severe CVT. Methods This systematic review and meta-analysis followed PRISMA guideline. PubMed, Embase, Google Scholar, and CNKI were searched for eligible studies from 2007 to 2021. Safety and efficacy of EVT were evaluated by meta-analyzing recanalization status, the good functional outcome at follow-up, recurrent CVT, new hematoma. A pooled proportion with a 95% confidence interval was derived from a meta-analysis of various outcomes (CI). Results A total of 33 studies comprising 610 patients treated with EVT were included for analysis which comprised one randomized control trial, one prospective study and 31 retrospective studies. Based on pooled data, 85% of patients had good functional outcome, 62% had complete recanalization, 5% had all-cause mortality, and 3% had catheter related complications. The efficacy outcomes in this analysis had a significant heterogeneity and a subgroup analysis was also done to explain these findings. The minimum time of follow up was 3 months and varied EVT techniques were used across the studies. Conclusion This meta-analysis suggests EVT may be safe and efficacious in treating patients with severe CVT. Registration Our protocol was registered with PROSPERO: International prospective register of systematic reviews with the registration number CRD42021254760.
Endovascular Treatment of Tandem Atherosclerotic Cervical Internal Carotid Artery Occlusion in the Setting of Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Yamashita Shunsuke , Imahori Taichiro , Koyama Junji , Tanaka Kazuhiro , Okamura Yusuke , Arai Atsushi , Iwahashi Hirofumi , Mori Tatsuya , Onobuchi Kana , Sasayama Takashi 
Published: October 2022

Background Among tandem occlusions, atherosclerotic cervical internal carotid artery occlusion (ACICAO) can be technically challenging and associated with its unique complications. We evaluated our experience with endovascular treatment (EVT) of ACICAO in the setting of acute ischemic stroke. Methods In total, 154 consecutive patients who underwent EVT for acute anterior circulation stroke at our institute were retrospectively reviewed. Patients with tandem ACICAO were analyzed in this study. Procedures, recanalization rates, complications, and prognoses were evaluated. Results Ten patients (6%) of all 154 patients had ACICAO. In nine (90%) of the 10 patients, cervical lesions were successfully crossed and intervened upon. Four patients underwent stenting and five underwent angioplasty alone, followed by intracranial procedure. Eight patients (80%) achieved successful recanalization following mechanical thrombectomy for intracranial occlusion. However, one patient had massive subarachnoid hemorrhage during the procedure and another patient developed massive intracranial hemorrhage after EVT, both after stenting. Four of the five patients who initially underwent angioplasty alone subsequently underwent staged endarterectomy or stenting for residual stenosis on or after the next day. The single patient in whom the cervical lesion could not be crossed and another with reocclusion after EVT underwent a rescue bypass procedure due to persistent ischemic symptoms. After 90 days, four patients (40%) were functionally independent (modified Rankin scale score 0-2). Conclusions Our experience suggests that EVT for ACICAO is technically feasible; however, it involves the potential risk of several significant complications. To avoid serious hemorrhagic complications, cervical lesions may be better treated with angioplasty alone first.
A Single-Centre Retrospective Analysis of Radial Versus Femoral Prostate Artery Embolization
Authors: Zakeri Simon Arian , Mohammad Fahad , Nowakowska Magdalena , Kakani EBIR Nirmal , Ananthakrishnan Ganapathy 
Published: October 2022

Purpose: To determine whether route of access, transradial or transfemoral, leads to any discernible differences in patient radiation or contrast medium exposure as well as procedure time in elective prostate artery embolization (PAE). Methods: This retrospective study included sixty patients in total: n = 30 in the radial PAE group, and n = 30 in the femoral PAE group. All procedures were performed in a single angiography suite between May 2018 and January 2021, using a standard kit for each type of vascular access, the same microcatheter/wire combination and embolic agent to super-selectively target and embolize one or both prostate arteries. Outcome measures included dose area product (DAP, µGym 2 ), air kerma (mGy), fluoroscopy time (mins), procedure time (mins) and volume of contrast medium used (mL). Adverse events were also recorded. Results: The radial and femoral groups were matched for age (73.2 ± 7.5 vs 71.3 ± 10.14, P = .41) and body mass index (27.53 ± 5.08 vs 26.41 ± 3.93, P = .38). No significant difference in dose area product, air kerma, fluoroscopy time, procedure time or volume of contrast medium used was found between radial and femoral PAE. No adverse events occurred in either group. Conclusion: Radial PAE is safe and comparable to femoral PAE with respect to patient radiation exposure, contrast medium usage, and procedure duration. Radial access is a useful skill to add to the armament of the interventional radiologist in elective PAE.
Lower Limb Weakness due to Spinal Venous Congestion in Chronic Inferior Vena Cava Occlusion: A Case Report
Authors: Lui Dennis H , Williamson Hannah M , Hamilton George , Drebes Anja , Davies Neil , Lim Chung S 
Published: October 2022

The presentation of symptomatic inferior vena cava (IVC) occlusion is variable, and no clear guidance exists on indications for invasive treatment. We describe the first documented case in the literature of IVC occlusion and venous congestion of the spine with associated neurological symptoms, successfully treated with endovascular IVC reconstruction. Case report A 31 year-old male presented with a long history of reduced sensation and motor function in his lower limbs upon waking every morning, lasting 30-50 minutes during which he was unable to ambulate. He was involved in a severe road traffic accident as a child, and was born prematurely requiring prolonged neonatal hospitalisation. Both duplex ultrasonography and magnetic resonance venography identified an occlusion of the IVC, with patent common femoral and iliac veins draining into large spinal collaterals. No other cause was identified for his symptoms. After appropriate multidisciplinary team discussion and patient counselling, the patient proceeded to have endovenous recanalization of his IVC and common iliac veins with dedicated venous stents. Post-operatively, the patient reported an immediate resolution of neurological symptoms, with an improvement in quality of life questionnaire scores and with stent patency at 9-month follow up. Conclusion IVC occlusion with symptomatic spinal venous congestion is a rare condition which may be successfully treated with endovascular iliocaval recanalization, although long-term outcomes of this treatment are still unknown.
Detection of Salmonella Typhi nucleic acid by RT-PCR and anti-HlyE, -CdtB, -PilL, and -Vi IgM by ELISA at sites in Ghana, Madagascar and Ethiopia
Authors: Panzner Ursula , Mogeni Ondari Daniel , Adu-Sarkodie Yaw , Toy Trevor , Jeon Hyon Jin , Pak Gi Deok , Park Se Eun , Enuameh Yeetey , Owusu-Dabo Ellis , Van Tan Trinh , Aseffa Abraham , Teferi Mekonnen , Yeshitela Biruk , Baker Stephen , Rakotozandrindrainy Raphael , Marks Florian 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
We aimed to assess the prevalence of Salmonella Typhi through DNA and IgM-antibody detection methods as a prelude to extended surveillance activities at sites in Ghana, Madagascar, and Ethiopia.

Methods
We performed species-specific real-time polymerase reaction (RT-PCR) to identify bacterial nucleic acid, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for detecting HlyE/STY1498-, CdtB/STY1886-, pilL/STY4539- and Vi-antigens in blood and biopsy specimens of febrile and non-febrile subjects. We generated antigen-specific ELISA proxy cut-offs by change-point analyses, and utilized cumulative sum as detection method coupled with 1000 repetitive bootstrap analyses. We computed prevalence rates in addition to odds ratios to assess correlations between ELISA outcomes and participant characteristics.

Results
Definitive positive RT-PCR results were obtained from samples of febrile subjects originating from Adama Zuria/Ethiopia (1.9%, 2/104), Wolayita Sodo/Ethiopia (1.0%, 1/100), Diego/Madagascar (1.0%, 1/100), and Kintampo/Ghana (1.0%, 1/100), and from samples of non-febrile subjects from Wolayita Sodo/Ethiopia (1%, 2/201). While IgM antibodies against all antigens were identified across all sites, prevalence rates were highest at all Ethiopian sites, albeit in non-febrile populations. Significant correlations in febrile subjects aged < 15 years versus ≥ 15 years were detected for Vi (Odds Ratio (OR): 8.00, p = 0.034) in Adama Zuria/Ethiopia, STY1498 (OR: 3.21, p = 0.008), STY1886 (OR: 2.31, p = 0.054) and STY4539 (OR: 2.82, p = 0.022) in Diego/Madagascar, and STY1498 (OR: 2.45, p = 0.034) in Kintampo/Ghana. We found statistical significance in non-febrile male versus female subjects for STY1498 (OR: 1.96, p = 0.020) in Adama Zuria/Ethiopia, Vi (OR: 2.84, p = 0.048) in Diego/Madagascar, and STY4539 (OR: 0.46, p = 0.009) in Kintampo/Ghana.

Conclusions
Findings indicate non-discriminatory stages of acute infections, though with site-specific differences. Immune responses among non-febrile, presumably healthy participants may mask recall and/or reporting bias leading to misclassification, or asymptomatic, subclinical infection signs induced by suppression of inflammatory responses. As most Ethiopian participants were ≥ 15 years of age and not at high-risk, the true S. Typhi burden was likely missed. Change-point analyses for generating ELISA proxy cut-offs appeared robust, though misclassification is possible. Our findings provided important information that may be useful to assess sites prior to implementing surveillance for febrile illness including Salmonella disease.
Estimating vaccine effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2 infection, hospitalization and death from ecologic data in Costa Rica
Authors: Fantin Romain , Herrero Rolando , Hildesheim Allan , Barboza-Solís Cristina , Aparicio Amada , Prevots D. Rebecca , Pfeiffer Ruth M. , Gail Mitchell H. ,   the RESPIRA Study Group
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Clinical trials and individual-level observational data in Israel demonstrated approximately 95% effectiveness of mRNA-based vaccines against symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection. Individual-level data are not available in many countries, particularly low- and middle- income countries. Using a novel Poisson regression model, we analyzed ecologic data in Costa Rica to estimate vaccine effectiveness and assess the usefulness of this approach.

Methods
We used national data from December 1, 2020 to May 13, 2021 to ascertain incidence, hospitalizations and deaths within ecologic units defined by 14 age groups, gender, 105 geographic areas, and day of the epidemic. Within each unit we used the proportions of the population with one and with two vaccinations, primarily tozinameran. Using a non-standard Poisson regression model that included an ecologic-unit-specific rate factor to describe rates without vaccination and a factor that depended on vaccine effectiveness parameters and proportions vaccinated, we estimated vaccine effectiveness.

Results
In 3.621 million persons aged 20 or older, there were 125,031 incident cases, 7716 hospitalizations, and 1929 deaths following SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis; 73% of those aged ≥ 75 years received two doses. For one dose, estimated effectiveness was 59% (95% confidence interval 53% to 64%) for SARS-CoV-2 incidence, 76% (68% to 85%) for hospitalizations, and 63% (47% to 80%) for deaths. For two doses, the respective estimates of effectiveness were 93% (90% to 96%), 100% (97% to 100%), and 100% (97% to 100%).

Conclusions
These effectiveness estimates agree well with findings from clinical trials and individual-level observational studies and indicate high effectiveness in the general population of Costa Rica. This novel statistical approach is promising for countries where ecologic, but not individual-level, data are available. The method could also be adapted to monitor vaccine effectiveness over calendar time.
Conventional versus modified application of COOK Cervical Ripening Balloon for induction of labor at term: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Wen Chaoyue , Liu Xuemin , Wang Ying , Wang Jun 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the modified application of COOK Cervical Ripening Balloon (CCRB) for induction of labor (IOL) at term in primipara.

Methods
A total of 227 singleton full-term pregnancies with indications of IOL were enrolled and randomly divided into the control and study groups in our hospital from January 2021 to December 2021. In the control group, a conventional method was used. Both the uterine and vaginal balloons were filled to 80 mL and removed after 12 h. In the study group, a modified method was used. The uterine and vaginal balloons were filled to 120 mL and 40 mL respectively. Light traction was given to help CCRB to be discharged after 12 h placement. Oxytocin was administered in both groups after CCRB was discharged before labor starting. The improved Bishop scores, duration of labor, and spontaneous delivery rate were evaluated in the two groups.

Results
The improved Bishop scores in the study group were 3.06 ± 0.97 at 12 h placement of CCRB and 4.37 ± 0.87 when CCRB was discharged, which were significantly higher compared to the control group (2.52 ± 0.79, p < 0.05). Duration of the first stage of labor and the full labor in the study group were significantly shorter than those in the control group ((6.17 ± 2.85) h vs. (7.27 ± 2.90) h, p = 0.010; (7.07 ± 3.18) h vs. (8.09 ± 3.11) h, p = 0.028). No difference in spontaneous delivery rate between the two groups was observed. But the delivery rate within 24 h between the two groups was significantly different (79.79% vs. 55.91%, p < 0.05). For the cases with initial Bishop scores ≤ 3, the improved score was significantly increased, the first stage of labor and the full labor were significantly shorter in the study group than those in the control group (p < 0.05). Those results were not observed in cases with initial Bishop scores of 4–6.

Conclusions
The modified application of CCRB could benefit cervical ripening, shorten the duration of labor, especially for cases with poor cervical maturity, and improve the delivery rate within 24 h.

Trial registration
Retrospectively registered: ChiCTR2200058270. Registered 04/04/2022.
Psychometric properties of the Postpartum Depression Literacy Scale (PoDLiS) among Chinese perinatal women: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Huang Weijian , Li Xiaohan , Wu Zijing , Jiang Nan , Zhang Xu 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of the present work was to cross-culturally adapt the Postpartum Depression Literacy Scale (PoDLiS) and use a descriptive cross-sectional design to evaluate its psychometric properties in Chinese perinatal women.MethodsBrislin’s translation theory was applied to translate the PoDLiS, with subsequent cultural adaptation. The reliability and validity of the PoDLiS were determined using a questionnaire in 635 Chinese perinatal women.ResultsGood internal consistency was found (omega coefficient, 0.894) for the Chinese version of the Postpartum Depression Literacy Scale (PoDLiS-C), with omega coefficients of the six dimensions of 0.865, 0.870, 0.838, 0.777, 0.837 and 0.794, and a test–retest reliability coefficient of 0.874. The item-level content validity index (CVI) ranged from 0.8 to 1 while the scale-level CVI was 0.968. Moreover, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) determined satisfactory construct validity of the PoDLiS-C, with the six-factor model explaining 60.76% of the total variance, demonstrating good model fit (likelihood ratio χ2/df, 1.003; goodness-of-fit index, 0.916; adjusted goodness-of-fit index, 0.901; comparative fit index, 0.999; incremental fit index, 0.999; root mean square error of approximation, 0.003; and standardized root mean square error of approximation, 0.0478).ConclusionsThe PoDLiS-C has adequate psychometric properties. This tool could be used to assess the postpartum depression literacy of perinatal women in Chinese-speaking populations.
Feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of a single-arm, remotely-delivered health coaching intervention to increase physical activity and reduce sedentary behavior during pregnancy
Authors: Whitaker Kara M. , Jones Melissa A. , Dziewior Jaclyn , Anderson Megan , Anderson Chelsie , Gibbs Bethany Barone , Carr Lucas J. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Interventions targeting physical activity and sedentary behavior concurrently in pregnancy may be an ideal strategy to reduce the risk of pregnancy complications. We assessed the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of a single-arm, remotely-delivered health coaching intervention to promote physical activity and reduce sedentary behavior in pregnancy.

Methods
Women (n = 34) between 8 and 12 weeks gestation were recruited to take part in the INcreasing Steps in PREgnancy (INSPiRE) study. Participants were given an activity tracker (Fitbit Inspire) and met virtually with their health coach throughout the second and third trimesters of pregnancy. Feasibility was based on enrollment, retention, and adherence rates. Acceptance was assessed using a process evaluation survey. Intervention efficacy was based on activPAL data obtained at baseline and the end of the second trimester.

Results
Feasibility objectives were met, with greater than 70% enrollment, 97% retention, and 99% adherence. All participants reported high levels of satisfaction with the program. ActivPAL data indicated statistically significant increases in daily steps (+ 1715.8 steps/day, Cohen’s d = 0.97), stepping time (+ 1.9%, d = 0.75), standing time (+ 2.3%, d = 0.29), and decreases in total sedentary time (− 4.2%, d = 0.43) and sedentary bouts of 30 minutes (− 4.1%, d = 0.36) from baseline to the end of the second trimester, all p < 0.05. Decreases were also observed in sedentary bouts of 60 minutes (− 3.9%, d = 0.40), but this was not statistically significant.

Conclusions
The INSPiRE study demonstrated feasibility, high acceptability, and preliminary efficacy for improving movement behaviors in women during pregnancy, supporting future testing in a randomized controlled trial.