bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Global impacts of projected climate changes on the extent and aboveground biomass of mangrove forests
Authors: Gouvêa Lidiane P. , Serrão Ester A. , Cavanaugh Kyle , Gurgel Carlos F. D. , Horta Paulo A. , Assis Jorge 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAimOver the past 50 years, anthropogenic activities have led to the disappearance of approximately one‐third of the world's mangrove forests and their associated ecosystem services. The synergetic combined effect of projected climate change is likely to further impact mangroves in the years to come, whether by range expansions associated with warming at higher latitudes or large‐scale diebacks linked to severe droughts. We provide an estimate of future changes in the extent and aboveground biomass (AGB) of mangrove forests at global scales by considering contrasting Representative Concentration Pathway scenarios (decade 2090–2100 under RCP 2.6 in line with the Paris Agreement expectations, and RCP 8.5 of higher emissions).LocationGlobal.MethodsBoosted regression trees fitted occurrence and AGB of mangroves against high‐resolution biologically meaningful data on air temperature, precipitation, wave energy, slope and distance to river Deltas.ResultsOn the global scale, models produced for present‐day conditions retrieved high accuracy scores and estimated a total area of 12,780,356 ha and overall biomass of 2.29 Pg, in line with previous estimates. Model projections showed poleward shifts along temperate regions, which translated into comparable gains in total area, regardless of the RCP scenario (area change RCP 2.6: 17.29%; RCP 8.5: 15.77%). However, biomass changes were dependent on the emission scenario considered, remaining stable or even increasing under RCP 2.6, or undergoing severe losses across tropical regions under RCP 8.5 (overall biomass change RCP 2.6: 12.97%; RCP 8.5: −11.51%). Such losses were particularly aggravated in countries located in the Tropical Atlantic and Eastern Pacific, and the Western and Eastern Indo‐Pacific regions (regions with losses above ~20% in overall biomass).ConclusionsOur global estimates highlight the potential effect of future climate changes on mangrove forests and how broad compliance with the Paris Agreement may counteract severe trajectories of loss. The projections made, also provided at the country level, serve as new baselines to evaluate changes in mangrove carbon sequestration and ecosystem services, strongly supporting policy‐making and management directives, as well as to guide restoration actions considering potential future changes in niche availability.
Multiaxial fatigue life prediction model with relative stress gradient and size effect
Authors: Liu Jianhui , Zhao He , Ran Yong , Hua Feilong , Zi Rong 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTo investigate the effects of notched root stress gradient and geometric size parameters on the fatigue performance of engineering components, a new multiaxial fatigue life prediction model is established. First, based on the energy‐critical plane method, the location of the dangerous plane is determined with the help of finite element (FE) analysis. Second, the sixth‐order multinomial stress function is used to study the stress/strain distribution state on the critical plane, and the relative stress gradient (RSG) function is used to find the stationary point to determine the RSG value and the magnitude of the fatigue damage zone boundary value. Specifically, for specimens with different notch types, the indexes to determine the high‐stress influence zone and the size influence factor are proposed. Finally, a multiaxial fatigue life prediction model considering RSG and size effect is established, and the compared results show that the new model has a high fatigue life prediction capability.
Validation of time temperature superposition principle for high modulus asphalt concrete in the linear viscoelastic and fatigue domains
Authors: Boussabnia Mohamed Mounir , Perraton Daniel , Di Benedetto Hervé , Lamothe Sebastien , Proteau Marc 
Published: September 2022

AbstractValidation of time–temperature superposition principle (TTSP) in the fatigue domain for a high modulus asphalt concrete (HMAC) is presented in this paper. All tests were performed in tension‐compression under strain control mode. First, TTSP was validated in the linear viscoelastic domain. Then, fatigue tests were performed under three loading conditions, 9.2°C and 5 Hz, 11.0°C and 10 Hz and 12.9°C and 20 Hz, which are equivalent regarding TTSP. Two fatigue protocols were adopted: continuous fatigue test (FT) and fatigue test with rest period (FTRP). For FT, three samples were tested at 180μm/m for each loading condition whereas for FTRP, one sample was tested at 100 μm/m. The data were analysed by comparing the dynamic modulus evolution as a function of time or the fatigue life duration. The results showed that HMAC with fatigue damage remains thermorheologically simple (i.e., respects the TTSP) in the studied temperatures range.
Evaluation of wound healing effects of micronized acellular dermal matrix in combination with negative pressure wound therapy: In vivo study
Authors: Cho Jeongmok , Hwang Hyun , Song Shin Young , Suh Hyunsuk Peter , Hong Joon Pio 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAcellular dermal matrix (ADM) grafts can provide coverage for full‐thickness skin defects and substitute for dermal defects. We tested the effectiveness of micronized ADM (mADM) as a dressing material, combined with negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT), for managing superficial wounds. We compared the wound healing effect of mADM in combination with NPWT with those of gelatin and mADM applied with a foam dressing. These therapeutic materials were applied to 36 cm2 excisional wounds in a porcine full‐thickness skin defect model. Wound healing kinetics and new tissue formation were assessed 10 days after the initial treatment by measuring the wound area. Collagen deposition and neovascularization were histologically evaluated. Compared with the other two groups, mADM plus NPWT combination group had a significantly larger wound area at the baseline (P = .0040), but the smallest on the 7th day (P = .0093). In addition, collagen formation and neovascularization were more histologically promoted than in the other two groups. mADM showed better results than the gelatin group but less collagen and revascularization than the combination group, and there was no significant difference in wound area. Our results show that the combination of mADM and NPWT has a synergistic wound healing effect.
Estimation of genetic parameters for important traits using a multi‐trait model in late‐feathering Qingyuan partridge hens in China
Authors: Kang Huimin , Ren Meiyu , Li Shanshan , Lu Yuedan , Deng Xuqing , Zhang Zhengfen , Gan Jiankang , Wei Jindui , Hua Guohong , Yu Hui , Li Hua 
Published: September 2022

AbstractQingyuan partridge chicken is one of the most well‐known Chinese indigenous yellow broilers. In breeding programmes, five traits are usually selected when the chickens are 105 days old, namely body weight (BW), comb height (CH), shank length (SL), shank girth (SG) and feather maturity (FM). The objective of this study was to estimate the genetic parameters of these five traits, especially direct additive genetic correlations, to lay the foundation for balanced selection of Qingyuan partridge chickens. Approximately 9600 records were used for estimation. Variance components for these five traits were estimated using three multi‐trait models incorporating different effects via Gibbs sampling. Based on model 1 in which the random effects included direct additive genetic effects and residuals, the estimated direct heritabilities for BW, CH, SL, SG and FM were 0.29 ± 0.04, 0.53 ± 0.04, 0.47 ± 0.04, 0.43 ± 0.05 and 0.18 ± 0.03, respectively. The direct genetic correlations ranged from −0.08 to 0.46. When additionally considering maternal additive genetic effects (model 2), the estimates of direct heritabilities and absolute values of direct additive genetic correlations were smaller. The heritabilities were 0.14 ± 0.04, 0.40 ± 0.02, 0.34 ± 0.05, 0.27 ± 0.05 and 0.12 ± 0.03 for BW, CH, SL, SG and FM, respectively. The direct additive genetic correlations ranged from −0.33 to 0.36. More specifically, the direct additive genetic correlations between BW and CH, SL, SG and FM were 0.19 ± 0.13, 0.15 ± 0.15, 0.36 ± 0.15 and − 0.33 ± 0.21, respectively. The genetic correlations of FM with SL, SG and CH were − 0.15 ± 0.15, −0.08 ± 0.17 and 0.18 ± 0.15, respectively. The direct genetic correlations between CH and SG and SL were − 0.02 ± 0.11 and − 0.20 ± 0.11, respectively, and that between SL and SG was 0.19 ± 0.11. The total heritabilities and maternal additive genetic correlations ranged from 0.16 to 0.44 and from −0.13 to 0.61, respectively. The third model also included the maternal permanent environmental effect for BW. The estimates of direct heritability, direct additive genetic correlation, total heritability and maternal additive genetic correlation were only slightly different from those based on the second model. Therefore, the maternal additive genetic effect has a large effect on the estimation of genetic parameters, and it is better to consider this effect in the genetic evaluation of these five traits. Relatively high direct and maternal additive genetic correlations for most trait pairs suggested that it is better to jointly evaluate these five traits in breeding programmes.
Inferring past refugia and range dynamics through the integration of fossil, niche modelling and genomic data
Authors: Mestre Frederico , Barbosa Soraia , Garrido‐García José A. , Pita Ricardo , Mira António , Alves Paulo C. , Paupério Joana , Searle Jeremy B. , Beja Pedro 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAimReconstructing species' glacial refugial history and demographic changes over time has greatly relied on comparing inferences from multiple methods while not sufficiently acknowledging their limitations. Here, we aim to integrate as fully as possible complementary methods in ecology, genomics and palaeobiology to improve the reconstruction of species biogeographical history.LocationSouth‐western Europe.TaxonCabrera vole (Microtus cabrerae).MethodsWe compiled and mapped the raw fossil data of the Cabrera vole for the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and Mid‐Holocene (MH). Alongside, we projected the calibrated ecological niche model (ENM) of the species' current distribution for the LGM, the Younger Dryas and the MH. Complementarily, we used previously obtained Genotyping‐by‐Sequencing data to evaluate the demographic history and range expansion patterns of all four Evolutionarily Significant Units of the species, in an integrative framework.ResultsENM‐inferred refugial areas and genomic modelling consistently supported northern Iberian glacial refugia for the Cabrera vole. This contrasted with the higher fossil abundance of the species in southern and eastern Iberia and southern France from the LGM to the MH. Our results suggest that populations in areas with high fossil abundance went extinct, and were later replaced by northern Iberian populations such that they did not contribute significantly to the current gene pool.Main conclusionsOur integrative approach indicates how the range of the Cabrera vole fluctuated in response to environmental change during and following the LGM. Despite methodological limitations, the ENM and genomic approaches produced generally congruent results. Instead, the fossil record may misrepresent the ancestral distribution of this species and should be considered cautiously for ancestral distribution reconstruction, considering that it also reflects the fossilization conditions. Overall, our study supports the idea that integrative approaches are essential to provide an accurate and well‐supported picture of historical refugial areas and range dynamics.
Engaging the consumer in disinvestment in public healthcare: Concerns, perspectives and attitudes of older adults
Authors: Pu Dai , Bonnici Rachel , Haines Terry 
Published: September 2022

AbstractRationaleLow‐value care in public health can be addressed via disinvestment with the support of disinvestment research generated evidence. Consumers' views of disinvestment have rarely been explored despite the potential effects of this process on the care they will receive and the importance of consumer participation in decision‐making in public healthcare.Aims and ObjectivesThis study aimed to understand consumer concerns, perceptions and attitudes towards disinvestment processes, with the goal of providing recommendations to health service researchers and managers to more effectively engage consumers in shared decision‐making in public healthcare.MethodWe conducted semistructured interviews using four scenarios describing the principles of disinvestment, how and why it could be undertaken, and a fifth scenario that described a real‐life application of these principles. These scenarios were presented to participants in a written word document or a digital story during semistructured interviews. Participants were 18 community‐dwelling older adults who were recruited via convenience sampling. Questions were addressed to the participants regarding their feelings and concerns towards disinvestment, their participation as consumers in disinvestment processes, as well as their preference for communicating information about disinvestment to patients and families.ResultsFour major themes emerged around the negative perception of disinvestment and positive perception of research. Participants were concerned that the removal of a clinical activity was mainly the result of financial constraints in hospital systems. At times, participants indicated that disinvestment and its justifications were not easily understood. Participants expressed a need for consumer advocacy not always through themselves, but via others with more expertize; a single consumer is insufficient in representing the broader consumer perspective. Participants stressed the importance of transparency in relation to research evidence and decision‐making outcomes. Face‐to‐face dissemination of information by expert staff was preferred, which could be supplemented with clear and concise written materials.ConclusionConsumers' main perception of disinvestment processes was that the removal of a clinical care activity depended on financial imperatives from hospital administration and political agendas. This tended to cause suspicion about reasons behind the removal of care, which overshadowed comprehension of the ineffective/inconclusive evidence that were key to disinvestment.
“It's something to own”: A psychobiographical exploration of the life story of MichelleLaVaughnRobinson Obama
Authors: Winston‐Proctor Cynthia E. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveOn January 20, 2009, when Barack Obama placed his hand on the Bible and completed his oath of office as the 44th President of the United States, Michelle Obama instantly was First Lady. The purpose of this psychobiography was to interpret the meaning of Michelle Obama's life during a significant life transition.MethodThe research design included a social constructivist epistemological stance, a case study design, and an iterative process of narrative interpretation of Michelle Obama'sBecomingmemoir and documentary. My narrative inquiry led me to crystalize the research question, How does Michelle Obama narratively process her lived experiences and draw upon a pattern of autobiographical reasoning to curate her life story?ResultsMy interpretive analysis illuminated how she curated her life story with autobiographical reasoning that employs a “phenomenal woman” script and narrative metaphors based in the sound of striving and the concept of location.ConclusionThis psychobiography supports the life story theory of identity and self‐defining memory research about enduring goals of the self. It also elevates the role of positionality as a form of sociocultural methodological integrity within psychobiography. Autobiographical authenticity of her agentic self is a profound force in Michelle Obama becoming a person who can garner worldwide status as a social change agent.
Effect of worry, depression, and sensitivity to environmental stress owing to neurotic personality on risk of cardiovascular disease: A Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Rukh Gull , de Ruijter Markus , Schiöth Helgi Birgir 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis study investigated the putative causal link between neuroticism (using three genetically distinct subclusters namely depressed affect, worry, and sensitivity to environmental stress and adversity [SESA]) and cardiovascular disease (CVD).MethodA two‐sample bi‐directional Mendelian randomization (MR) approach was used. Genetic instruments were extracted from publically available GWAS summary statistics.ResultsIn forward MR analyses with neuroticism subclusters as exposures, no causal associations between worry or SESA cluster and any of the CVD traits were observed (p > .05 for all). However, a higher risk of having heart failure (odds ratio (95% confidence interval):1.32(1.12 to 1.56); p = .0011) and myocardial infarction (1.47[1.18 to 1.83]; p = 6.3 × 10‐4) associated with depressed affect cluster was observed. In reverse MR analyses with CVD traits as exposures, no significant associations were observed (p > .05 for all).ConclusionsIndividuals with high neuroticism who are more susceptible to depressive symptoms are at higher risk for developing heart failure and myocardial infarction and should be more carefully evaluated for CVD risk in clinical settings. These individuals can potentially benefit from interventions aimed at reducing depressive symptoms to decrease CVD risk. There is no evidence to suggest that being sensitive to environmental stressors or being more worried can increase the risk for CVD.
Effect of stocking density in plastic boxes without oxygenation on the transport of pirarucu,Arapaima gigas (Schinz, 1822)
Authors: Santos Marcel J. M. , Magalhães Francisco O. , Manhães João V. , Soares Itamar J. , Silva Adenilson G. , Ramos Ana P. , Schorer Marianne , Braga Luis G. T. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractFor the evaluation of the effects of the transport density of pirarucu juveniles, 210 juvenile pirarucus, Arapaima gigas (488 ± 26.5 g) were randomly distributed in 12 plastic boxes at transport densities of 98, 146, 195, and 244 g L−1. The transport was carried out on a paved highway for 4 h, and at the end of the transport, all were returned to the laboratory. After transport (AT), 8 fish from each experimental unit were transferred to 12 tanks (250 L) for the final samplings. Blood was sampled at three different times: immediately a AT, 24, and 48 h after transportation. The survival and hematocrit, cortisol, glucose, and lactate were measured. The results showed significant differences (p < 0.05) for all blood parameters, and there was no mortality throughout the experiment. At the end of the analysis, pirarucus were able to be transported at a density of 244 g L−1 for up to 4 h in open systems without oxygenation, recovering from stress until 48 h AT.
Number of participants in multiple perpetrator sexual aggressions
Authors: Framis Andrea Gimenez‐Salinas , Ramirez Meritxell Perez , Alvarez Jose Luis Gonzalez , Soto Juan Enrique 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe present study aims to explore differences between lone, duo and 3+ group sexual aggressions by adult strangers from a Spanish sample based on victims' and offenders' socio‐demographic characteristics and sexual offences. Additionally, the study aims to provide evidence of whether duo offences should be considered a different category that MPR and whether we can differentiate them from lone and 3+ group offenders. A sample of 400 sexual stranger offenders whose victims were women over 13 years of age has been analysed to find differences and predictive variables for lone (N = 298), duo (N = 43) and 3+ group (N = 59) sexual aggressions. Kruskal–Wallis tests and chi‐squared analysis were used to compare the three groups and then multinomial logistic regression analysis were conducted to identify the predictive variables of group size. Results support previous studies comparing group sexual offences by its size; and that duos could be a singular category with more similarities with multiple perpetrator rape offences (age and ethnicity of offenders, similar violent control and sexual behaviour during the aggression). Some singularities have also been encountered, such as higher levels of alcohol and drug use of the perpetrators; severe consequences of their actions with more injuries to their victims; use of weapons; and less use of vehicles, which can be related to crime locations that are rarely outdoors.
Anthropometric deficits and the associated risk of death by age and sex in children aged 6–59 months: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Thurstans Susan , Wrottesley Stephanie V. , Fenn Bridget , Khara Tanya , Bahwere Paluku , Berkley James A. , Black Robert E. , Boyd Erin , Garenne Michel , Isanaka Sheila , Lelijveld Natasha , McDonald Christine M. , Mertens Andrew , Mwangome Martha , O'Brien Kieran S. , Stobaugh Heather , Taneja Sunita , West Keith P. , Guerrero Saul , Kerac Marko , Briend André , Myatt Mark 
Published: September 2022

AbstractRisk of death from undernutrition is thought to be higher in younger than in older children, but evidence is mixed. Research also demonstrates sex differences whereby boys have a higher prevalence of undernutrition than girls. This analysis described mortality risk associated with anthropometric deficits (wasting, underweight and stunting) in children 6–59 months by age and sex. We categorised children into younger (6–23 months) and older (24–59 months) age groups. Age and sex variations in near‐term (within 6 months) mortality risk, associated with individual anthropometric deficits were assessed in a secondary analysis of multi‐country cohort data. A random effects meta‐analysis was performed. Data from seven low‐or‐middle‐income‐countries collected between 1977 and 2013 were analysed. One thousand twenty deaths were recorded for children with anthropometric deficits. Pooled meta‐analysis estimates showed no differences by age in absolute mortality risk for wasting (RR 1.08,p = 0.826 for MUAC < 125 mm; RR 1.35,p = 0.272 for WHZ < −2). For underweight and stunting, absolute risk of death was higher in younger (RR 2.57,p < 0.001) compared with older children (RR 2.83,p < 0.001). For all deficits, there were no differences in mortality risk for girls compared with boys. There were no differences in the risk of mortality between younger and older wasted children, supporting continued inclusion of all children under‐five in wasting treatment programmes. The risk of mortality associated with underweight and stunting was higher among younger children, suggesting that prevention programmes might be justified in focusing on younger children where resources are limited. There were no sex differences by age in mortality risk for all deficits.
Are Presidential Candidates Impervious to Deception Detection? A Test of Voters' Truth‐Default
Authors: Clementson David E. , Xie Tong 
Published: September 2022

This study applies truth‐default theory (TDT) to presidential candidates. TDT holds that people tend to passively believe others without consciously considering whether they are being told the truth. But do voters have a truth‐default toward presidential candidates? In an experiment, voters across the United States (N = 294) watched a news interview in which a presidential candidate was either honest or deceptive. Party affiliation was also manipulated. Consistent with TDT, thought‐listing tasks revealed that most voters did not mention deception after exposure to the presidential campaign interview. Voters largely defaulted to the truth even when sustaining outgroup partisan exposure and deception, and when asked about the candidate's demeanor. Filling out closed‐ended scales, though, voters reported distrust, suspicion, and perceiving deceptive messaging. The discussion concerns the implications of voters' perceptions of a presidential candidate's veracity varying based on how voters are prompted.