bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“It’s on Me”: Perspectives of College Students Without Complex Medical Needs Learning to Manage Their Health Care
Authors: Rea Kelly E. , Armah Annabelle E. , Eaton Cyd K. , Suveg Cynthia , Davis Molly 
Published: November 2022

Objective: Most of the transition literature has examined adolescents and young adults with special health care needs, though many youth will eventually transition to adult health care providers, regardless of medical complexity. This study addressed this gap by examining transition needs and experiences specifically within a college student sample of emerging adults without complex medical needs. Methods: One hundred eight college students ( Mage = 20.93 years, SD = 1.14) completed interviews and questionnaires regarding transition. The most difficult and easiest aspects of health care self-management were thematically coded. Differences in questionnaires were assessed across sources of transition education. Results: Fifty-two percent of college students reported receiving education about managing health care from medical providers versus 95% from caregivers. Notably, 57% desired more support. Those receiving medical provider education reported higher responsibility. Students reported most difficulty managing health insurance. Results were similar across racial and ethnic groups and genders. Conclusions: Gaps in transition preparation include low rates of medical provider education and support regarding health insurance. College students receiving education from medical providers reported greater health care responsibility. Provider-led transition education is needed for college students without complex medical needs. Implications for Impact Statement This study suggests that college students without complex medical conditions experience gaps in transition preparation. Although half reported talking to their medical provider about transitioning to adult care, many desired more support, with the greatest difficulty reported in learning to manage health insurance.
Child and adult adiposity and subtype-specific endometrial cancer risk: a multivariable Mendelian randomisation study
Authors: Kennedy Oliver J. , Bafligil Cemsel , O’Mara Tracy A. , Wang Xuemin , Evans D. Gareth , Kar Siddhartha , Crosbie Emma J. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIncreased adiposity is a known risk factor for endometrial cancer (EC). This study aimed to disentangle the separate causal roles of child and adult adiposity on EC risk in adults, including endometrioid and non-endometrioid histological subtypes using multivariable Mendelian randomisation. These analyses employed genetic associations derived from UK Biobank as proxies for child and adult body size in 12,906 cases and 108,979 controls that participated in the Endometrial Cancer Association Consortium. In multivariable analyses, adult body size increased overall EC (OR 2.30, 95% CI 1.73–3.06) and endometrioid EC risk (OR 2.28, 95% CI 1.65–3.16), while child body size had minimal effect. In contrast, child body size (OR 2.26, 95% CI 1.03–4.99) but not adult body size increased non-endometrioid EC risk. As such, child adiposity has an indirect effect on endometrioid EC risk that is mediated by adult adiposity but has a direct effect on non-endometrioid EC risk that is independent of adult adiposity. These novel findings indicate that interventions targeting adiposity during distinct periods in life have a critical role in preventing subtype-specific EC.
Muscular Swedish mutant APP-to-Brain axis in the development of Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Pan Jin-Xiu , Lee Daehoon , Sun Dong , Zhao Kai , Xiong Lei , Guo Hao-Han , Ren Xiao , Chen Peng , Lopez de Boer Raquel , Lu Yuyi , Lin Helena , Mei Lin , Xiong Wen-Cheng 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia. Notably, patients with AD often suffer from severe sarcopenia. However, their direct link and relationship remain poorly understood. Here, we generated a mouse line, TgAPPsweHSA, by crossing LSL (LoxP-STOP-LoxP)-APPswe with HSA-Cre mice, which express APPswe (Swedish mutant APP) selectively in skeletal muscles. Examining phenotypes in TgAPPsweHSA mice showed not only sarcopenia-like deficit, but also AD-relevant hippocampal inflammation, impairments in adult hippocampal neurogenesis and blood brain barrier (BBB), and depression-like behaviors. Further studies suggest that APPswe expression in skeletal muscles induces senescence and expressions of senescence-associated secretory phenotypes (SASPs), which include inflammatory cytokines and chemokines; but decreases growth factors, such as PDGF-BB and BDNF. These changes likely contribute to the systemic and hippocampal inflammation, deficits in neurogenesis and BBB, and depression-like behaviors, revealing a link of sarcopenia with AD, and uncovering an axis of muscular APPswe to brain in AD development.
A variant-proof SARS-CoV-2 vaccine targeting HR1 domain in S2 subunit of spike protein
Authors: Pang Wei , Lu Ying , Zhao Yan-Bo , Shen Fan , Fan Chang-Fa , Wang Qian , He Wen-Qiang , He Xiao-Yan , Li Ze-Kai , Chen Tao-Tao , Yang Cui-Xian , Li You-Zhi , Xiao Si-Xuan , Zhao Zu-Jiang , Huang Xu-Sheng , Luo Rong-Hua , Yang Liu-Meng , Zhang Mi , Dong Xing-Qi , Li Ming-Hua , Feng Xiao-Li , Zhou Qing-Cui , Qu Wang , Jiang Shibo , Ouyang Songying , Zheng Yong-Tang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants, commonly with many mutations in S1 subunit of spike (S) protein are weakening the efficacy of the current vaccines and antibody therapeutics. This calls for the variant-proof SARS-CoV-2 vaccines targeting the more conserved regions in S protein. Here, we designed a recombinant subunit vaccine, HR121, targeting the conserved HR1 domain in S2 subunit of S protein. HR121 consisting of HR1–linker1–HR2–linker2–HR1, is conformationally and functionally analogous to the HR1 domain present in the fusion intermediate conformation of S2 subunit. Immunization with HR121 in rabbits and rhesus macaques elicited highly potent cross-neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 and its variants, particularly Omicron sublineages. Vaccination with HR121 achieved near-full protections against prototype SARS-CoV-2 infection in hACE2 transgenic mice, Syrian golden hamsters and rhesus macaques, and effective protection against Omicron BA.2 infection in Syrian golden hamsters. This study demonstrates that HR121 is a promising candidate of variant-proof SARS-CoV-2 vaccine with a novel conserved target in the S2 subunit for application against current and future SARS-CoV-2 variants.
Distal 2q duplication in a patient with intellectual disability
Authors: Suzuki Toshifumi , Osaka Hitoshi , Miyake Noriko , Fujita Atsushi , Uchiyama Yuri , Seyama Rie , Koshimizu Eriko , Miyatake Satoko , Mizuguchi Takeshi , Takeda Satoru , Matsumoto Naomichi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe report on a patient with a distal 16.4-Mb duplication at 2q36.3-qter, who presented with severe intellectual disability, microcephaly, brachycephaly, prominent forehead, hypertelorism, prominent eyes, thin upper lip, and progenia. Copy number analysis using whole exome data detected a distal 2q duplication. This is the first report describing a distal 2q duplication at the molecular level.
A conserved megaprotein-based molecular bridge critical for lipid trafficking and cold resilience
Authors: Wang Changnan , Wang Bingying , Pandey Taruna , Long Yong , Zhang Jianxiu , Oh Fiona , Sima Jessica , Guo Ruyin , Liu Yun , Zhang Chao , Mukherjee Shaeri , Bassik Michael , Lin Weichun , Deng Huichao , Vale Goncalo , McDonald Jeffrey G. , Shen Kang , Ma Dengke K. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCells adapt to cold by increasing levels of unsaturated phospholipids and membrane fluidity through conserved homeostatic mechanisms. Here we report an exceptionally large and evolutionarily conserved protein LPD-3 in C. elegans that mediates lipid trafficking to confer cold resilience. We identify lpd-3 mutants in a mutagenesis screen for genetic suppressors of the lipid desaturase FAT-7. LPD-3 bridges the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and plasma membranes (PM), forming a structurally predicted hydrophobic tunnel for lipid trafficking. lpd-3 mutants exhibit abnormal phospholipid distribution, diminished FAT-7 abundance, organismic vulnerability to cold, and are rescued by Lecithin comprising unsaturated phospholipids. Deficient lpd-3 homologues in Zebrafish and mammalian cells cause defects similar to those observed in C. elegans. As mutations in BLTP1, the human orthologue of lpd-3, cause Alkuraya-Kucinskas syndrome, LPD-3 family proteins may serve as evolutionarily conserved highway bridges critical for ER-associated non-vesicular lipid trafficking and resilience to cold stress in eukaryotic cells.
Multi-kingdom gut microbiota analyses define COVID-19 severity and post-acute COVID-19 syndrome
Authors: Liu Qin , Su Qi , Zhang Fen , Tun Hein M. , Mak Joyce Wing Yan , Lui Grace Chung-Yan , Ng Susanna So Shan , Ching Jessica Y. L. , Li Amy , Lu Wenqi , Liu Chenyu , Cheung Chun Pan , Hui David S. C. , Chan Paul K. S. , Chan Francis Ka Leung , Ng Siew C. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractOur knowledge of the role of the gut microbiome in acute coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and post-acute COVID-19 is rapidly increasing, whereas little is known regarding the contribution of multi-kingdom microbiota and host-microbial interactions to COVID-19 severity and consequences. Herein, we perform an integrated analysis using 296 fecal metagenomes, 79 fecal metabolomics, viral load in 1378 respiratory tract samples, and clinical features of 133 COVID-19 patients prospectively followed for up to 6 months. Metagenomic-based clustering identifies two robust ecological clusters (hereafter referred to as Clusters 1 and 2), of which Cluster 1 is significantly associated with severe COVID-19 and the development of post-acute COVID-19 syndrome. Significant differences between clusters could be explained by both multi-kingdom ecological drivers (bacteria, fungi, and viruses) and host factors with a good predictive value and an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.98. A model combining host and microbial factors could predict the duration of respiratory viral shedding with 82.1% accuracy (error ± 3 days). These results highlight the potential utility of host phenotype and multi-kingdom microbiota profiling as a prognostic tool for patients with COVID-19.
Intranasal delivery of a rationally attenuated SARS-CoV-2 is immunogenic and protective in Syrian hamsters
Authors: Liu Shufeng , Stauft Charles B. , Selvaraj Prabhuanand , Chandrasekaran Prabha , D’Agnillo Felice , Chou Chao-Kai , Wu Wells W. , Lien Christopher Z. , Meseda Clement A. , Pedro Cyntia L. , Starost Matthew F. , Weir Jerry P. , Wang Tony T. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractFew live attenuated severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccines are in pre-clinical or clinical development. We seek to attenuate SARS-CoV-2 (isolate WA1/2020) by removing the polybasic insert within the spike protein and the open reading frames (ORFs) 6–8, and by introducing mutations that abolish non-structural protein 1 (Nsp1)-mediated toxicity. The derived virus (WA1-ΔPRRA-ΔORF6-8-Nsp1K164A/H165A) replicates to 100- to 1000-fold-lower titers than the ancestral virus and induces little lung pathology in both K18-human ACE2 (hACE2) transgenic mice and Syrian hamsters. Immunofluorescence and transcriptomic analyses of infected hamsters confirm that three-pronged genetic modifications attenuate the proinflammatory pathways more than the removal of the polybasic cleavage site alone. Finally, intranasal administration of just 100 PFU of the WA1-ΔPRRA-ΔORF6-8-Nsp1K164A/H165A elicits robust antibody responses in Syrian hamsters and protects against SARS-CoV-2-induced weight loss and pneumonia. As a proof-of-concept study, we demonstrate that live but sufficiently attenuated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines may be attainable by rational design.
Wireless theranostic smart contact lens for monitoring and control of intraocular pressure in glaucoma
Authors: Kim Tae Yeon , Mok Jee Won , Hong Sang Hoon , Jeong Sang Hoon , Choi Hyunsik , Shin Sangbaie , Joo Choun-Ki , Hahn Sei Kwang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractGlaucoma is one of the irreversible ocular diseases that can cause vision loss in some serious cases. Although Triggerfish has been commercialized for monitoring intraocular pressure in glaucoma, there is no smart contact lens to monitor intraocular pressure and take appropriate drug treatment in response to the intraocular pressure levels. Here, we report a precisely integrated theranostic smart contact lens with a sensitive gold hollow nanowire based intraocular pressure sensor, a flexible drug delivery system, wireless power and communication systems and an application specific integrated circuit chip for both monitoring and control of intraocular pressure in glaucoma. The gold hollow nanowire based intraocular pressure sensor shows high ocular strain sensitivity, chemical stability and biocompatibility. Furthermore, the flexible drug delivery system can be used for on-demand delivery of timolol for intraocular pressure control. Taken together, the intraocular pressure levels can be successfully monitored and controlled by the theranostic smart contact lens in glaucoma induced rabbits. This theranostic smart contact lens would be harnessed as a futuristic personal healthcare platform for glaucoma and other ocular diseases.
Formation of synthetic RNA protein granules using engineered phage-coat-protein -RNA complexes
Authors: Granik Naor , Katz Noa , Willinger Or , Goldberg Sarah , Amit Roee 
Published: November 2022

AbstractLiquid-solid transition, also known as gelation, is a specific form of phase separation in which molecules cross-link to form a highly interconnected compartment with solid – like dynamical properties. Here, we utilize RNA hairpin coat-protein binding sites to form synthetic RNA based gel-like granules via liquid-solid phase transition. We show both in-vitro and in-vivo that hairpin containing synthetic long non-coding RNA (slncRNA) molecules granulate into bright localized puncta. We further demonstrate that upon introduction of the coat-proteins, less-condensed gel-like granules form with the RNA creating an outer shell with the proteins mostly present inside the granule. Moreover, by tracking puncta fluorescence signals over time, we detected addition or shedding events of slncRNA-CP nucleoprotein complexes. Consequently, our granules constitute a genetically encoded storage compartment for protein and RNA with a programmable controlled release profile that is determined by the number of hairpins encoded into the RNA. Our findings have important implications for the potential regulatory role of naturally occurring granules and for the broader biotechnology field.
Charge carrier mobilities of organic semiconductors: ab initio simulations with mode-specific treatment of molecular vibrations
Authors: Hutsch Sebastian , Panhans Michel , Ortmann Frank 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe modeling of charge transport in organic semiconductors usually relies on the treatment of molecular vibrations by assuming a certain limiting case for all vibration modes, such as the dynamic limit in polaron theory or the quasi-static limit in transient localization theory. These opposite limits are each suitable for only a subset of modes. Here, we present a model that combines these different approaches. It is based on a separation of the vibrational spectrum and a quantum-mechanical treatment in which the slow modes generate a disorder landscape, while the fast modes generate polaron band narrowing. We apply the combined method to 20 organic crystals, including prototypical acenes, thiophenes, benzothiophenes, and their derivatives. Their mobilities span several orders of magnitude and we find a close agreement to the experimental mobilities. Further analysis reveals clear correlations to simple mobility predictors and a combination of them can be used to identify high-mobility materials.
Mass spectrometry captures biased signalling and allosteric modulation of a G-protein-coupled receptor
Authors: Yen Hsin-Yung , Liko Idlir , Song Wanling , Kapoor Parth , Almeida Fernando , Toporowska Joanna , Gherbi Karolina , Hopper Jonathan T. S. , Charlton Steven J. , Politis Argyris , Sansom Mark S. P. , Jazayeri Ali , Robinson Carol V. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractG-protein-coupled receptors signal through cognate G proteins. Despite the widespread importance of these receptors, their regulatory mechanisms for G-protein selectivity are not fully understood. Here we present a native mass spectrometry-based approach to interrogate both biased signalling and allosteric modulation of the β1-adrenergic receptor in response to various ligands. By simultaneously capturing the effects of ligand binding and receptor coupling to different G proteins, we probed the relative importance of specific interactions with the receptor through systematic changes in 14 ligands, including isoprenaline derivatives, full and partial agonists, and antagonists. We observed enhanced dynamics of the intracellular loop 3 in the presence of isoprenaline, which is capable of acting as a biased agonist. We also show here that endogenous zinc ions augment the binding in receptor–Gs complexes and propose a zinc ion-binding hotspot at the TM5/TM6 intracellular interface of the receptor–Gs complex. Further interrogation led us to propose a mechanism in which zinc ions facilitate a structural transition of the intermediate complex towards the stable state.
Perovskite phase heterojunction solar cells
Authors: Ji Ran , Zhang Zongbao , Hofstetter Yvonne J. , Buschbeck Robin , Hänisch Christian , Paulus Fabian , Vaynzof Yana 
Published: November 2022

AbstractModern photovoltaic devices are often based on a heterojunction structure where two components with different optoelectronic properties are interfaced. The properties of each side of the junction can be tuned by either utilizing different materials (for example, donor/acceptor) or doping (for example, p–n junction) or even varying their dimensionality (for example, 3D/2D). Here we demonstrate the concept of phase heterojunction (PHJ) solar cells by utilizing two polymorphs of the same material. We demonstrate the approach by forming γ-CsPbI3/β-CsPbI3 perovskite PHJ solar cells. We find that all of the photovoltaic parameters of the PHJ device significantly surpass those of each of the single-phase devices, resulting in a maximum power conversion efficiency of 20.1%. These improvements originate from the efficient passivation of the β-CsPbI3 by the larger bandgap γ-CsPbI3, the increase in the built-in potential of the PHJ devices enabled by the energetic alignment between the two phases and the enhanced absorption of light by the PHJ structure. The approach demonstrated here offers new possibilities for the development of photovoltaic devices based on polymorphic materials.
Rethinking clinical study data: why we should respect analysis results as data
Authors: Barros Joana M. , Widmer Lukas A. , Baillie Mark , Wandel Simon 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe development and approval of new treatments generates large volumes of results, such as summaries of efficacy and safety. However, it is commonly overlooked that analyzing clinical study data also produces data in the form of results. For example, descriptive statistics and model predictions are data. Although integrating and putting findings into context is a cornerstone of scientific work, analysis results are often neglected as a data source. Results end up stored as “data products” such as PDF documents that are not machine readable or amenable to future analyses. We propose a solution to “calculate once, use many times” by combining analysis results standards with a common data model. This analysis results data model re-frames the target of analyses from static representations of the results (e.g., tables and figures) to a data model with applications in various contexts, including knowledge discovery. Further, we provide a working proof of concept detailing how to approach standardization and construct a schema to store and query analysis results.
Assessing data bias in visual surveys from a cetacean monitoring programme
Authors: Oliveira-Rodrigues Cláudia , Correia Ana M. , Valente Raul , Gil Ágatha , Gandra Miguel , Liberal Marcos , Rosso Massimiliano , Pierce Graham , Sousa-Pinto Isabel 
Published: November 2022

AbstractLong-term monitoring datasets are fundamental to understand physical and ecological responses to environmental changes, supporting management and conservation. The data should be reliable, with the sources of bias identified and quantified. CETUS Project is a cetacean monitoring programme in the Eastern North Atlantic, based on visual methods of data collection. This study aims to assess data quality and bias in the CETUS dataset, by 1) applying validation methods, through photographic confirmation of species identification; 2) creating data quality criteria to evaluate the observer’s experience; and 3) assessing bias to the number of sightings collected and to the success in species identification. Through photographic validation, the species identification of 10 sightings was corrected and a new species was added to the CETUS dataset. The number of sightings collected was biased by external factors, mostly by sampling effort but also by weather conditions. Ultimately, results highlight the importance of identifying and quantifying data bias, while also yielding guidelines for data collection and processing, relevant for species monitoring programmes based on visual methods.
pISA-tree - a data management framework for life science research projects using a standardised directory tree
Authors: Petek Marko , Zagorščak Maja , Blejec Andrej , Ramšak Živa , Coll Anna , Baebler Špela , Gruden Kristina 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe developed pISA-tree, a straightforward and flexible data management solution for organisation of life science project-associated research data and metadata. pISA-tree was initiated by end-user requirements thus its strong points are practicality and low maintenance cost. It enables on-the-fly creation of enriched directory tree structure (project/Investigation/Study/Assay) based on the ISA model, in a standardised manner via consecutive batch files. Templates-based metadata is generated in parallel at each level enabling guided submission of experiment metadata. pISA-tree is complemented by two R packages, pisar and seekr. pisar facilitates integration of pISA-tree datasets into bioinformatic pipelines and generation of ISA-Tab exports. seekr enables synchronisation with the FAIRDOMHub repository. Applicability of pISA-tree was demonstrated in several national and international multi-partner projects. The system thus supports findable, accessible, interoperable and reusable (FAIR) research and is in accordance with the Open Science initiative. Source code and documentation of pISA-tree are available at https://github.com/NIB-SI/pISA-tree.