bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sequential effects of spent coffee grounds on soil physical properties
Authors: Cervera‐Mata Ana , Molinero‐García Alberto , Martín‐García Juan Manuel , Delgado Gabriel 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSpent coffee grounds are a bio‐residue studied as soil organic amendment and it has been proven that it has short‐term effects on soil physical properties. However, its sequential effects on the cultivation of clayey soils are little studied. Therefore, an in vitro experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of increasing doses (1%, 2%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, 10%, 12.5% and 15%) of spent coffee grounds on the physical properties of a clayey soil in the Spanish Mediterranean area which is rich in smectites. The addition of spent coffee grounds increased water retention at −33 and −1500 kPa proportionally to the added amounts, but the increase in the wilting point was much larger than the field water capacity, decreasing the plant available water content. A non‐linear influence on the aggregate size is demonstrated. It increased total porosity and consequently reduced soil bulk density. This fact was reflected in the stereomicroscopy images where an increase in the pores analysed with image analysis was observed. Furthermore, SEM images corroborate that spent coffee grounds act intensely in the short‐term due to the interaction between their particles and those of clay. The 5% dose acted as a threshold dose from which the greatest effects on soil physical properties occur. In general, the use of SCG as an organic amendment is a good sustainable solution because it supposes a reuse of this bio‐residue (15 million tons per year), an increase in soil organic carbon (SCG contains ≈ 50% carbon) and an improvement of the soil physical and chemical properties.
The genome sequence ofHirschfeldia incana, a new Brassicaceae model to improve photosynthetic light‐use efficiency
Authors: Garassino Francesco , Wijfjes Raúl Y. , Boesten René , Reyes Marquez Francisca , Becker Frank F. M. , Clapero Vittoria , van den Hatert Iris , Holmer Rens , Schranz M. Eric , Harbinson Jeremy , de Ridder Dick , Smit Sandra , Aarts Mark G. M. 
Published: October 2022

SUMMARYPhotosynthesis is a key process in sustaining plant and human life. Improving the photosynthetic capacity of agricultural crops is an attractive means to increase their yields. While the core mechanisms of photosynthesis are highly conserved in C3plants, these mechanisms are very flexible, allowing considerable diversity in photosynthetic properties. Among this diversity is the maintenance of high photosynthetic light‐use efficiency at high irradiance as identified in a small number of exceptional C3species.Hirschfeldia incana, a member of the Brassicaceae family, is such an exceptional species, and because it is easy to grow, it is an excellent model for studying the genetic and physiological basis of this trait. Here, we present a reference genome ofH. incanaand confirm its high photosynthetic light‐use efficiency. WhileH. incanahas the highest photosynthetic rates found so far in the Brassicaceae, the light‐saturated assimilation rates of closely relatedBrassica rapaandBrassica nigraare also high. TheH. incanagenome has extensively diversified from that ofB. rapaandB. nigrathrough large chromosomal rearrangements, species‐specific transposon activity, and differential retention of duplicated genes. Duplicated genes inH. incana,B. rapa, andB. nigrathat are involved in photosynthesis and/or photoprotection show a positive correlation between copy number and gene expression, providing leads into the mechanisms underlying the high photosynthetic efficiency of these species. Our work demonstrates that theH. incanagenome serves as a valuable resource for studying the evolution of high photosynthetic light‐use efficiency and enhancing photosynthetic rates in crop species.
The effects of storage time and sunlight on microplastic pollution in bottled mineral water
Authors: Ravanbakhsh Mina , Ravanbakhsh Maryam , Jamali Hamzeh Ali , Ranjbaran Mehdi , Shahsavari Saied , Jaafarzadeh Haghighi Fard Neamat 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe microplastic particles (MPs) and effects of storage time and direct sunlight on the MPs in bottled mineral waters were investigated by three experiments conditions. The mean MPs concentration was 63.9 ± 38.9 MPs/L. Pellet forms, white/yellow colour and sizes < 100 μm were predominant MPs, accounted for 35.3%, 51% and 60.2% of the total MPs, respectively. Storage of bottled water under darkness and sunlight caused an increase of 1.5% and 2.5% of MPs pollution, respectively. Also, the estimated daily intake (EDI) of MPs was 2.1, 6.4 and 9.6 MPs/kg BW.day for adults, children and infants, respectively. It is concluded that high storage time and direct sunlight may lead to a greater MPs pollution in mineral water and also high human intake through drinking bottled water. Therefore, it is suggested to reduce the expiry date of the bottled mineral water and avoid sunlight contact before consumption.
Research on the Emission Characteristics of a Passenger Car Powered by Ethanol, Methanol, and Liquefied Petroleum Gas Under Real-World Running Conditions
Authors: Lou Diming , Qi Boyang , Zhang Yunhua , Fang Liang 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Alternative fuels have gained considerable attention because of their excellent sustainable energy conservation and emission reduction characteristics. In this study, emission characteristics and fuel economy of three alternative fuels were compared for a passenger car under real-world running conditions. Specifically, the portable emission measurement system (PEMS) was used to evaluate the emission performance of 10 vol% ethanol in gasoline (E10), 15 vol% methanol in gasoline (M15), and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG). The results showed considerable variation in both gaseous and particulate emissions under different running conditions. Carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbon (HC) emissions were higher on main roads, whereas particle number (PN) and particulate matter (PM) emissions were higher on expressways. Regulated emissions from the vehicle powered by three alternative fuels were lower than those of the vehicle powered by pure gasoline (G100). That is, the PN emissions of the three alternative fuels were 1–2 orders of magnitude less than those of G100, with a concomitant reduction in PM. Moreover, the proportion of nuclear-mode particles was reduced, with a maximum difference of more than 10% on expressways. LPG resulted in the cleanest gaseous and particulate emissions. M15 produced lower HC emissions than E10 because of its higher oxygen content, but led to higher carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions.
Effectiveness of Adventure Education on Health Outcomes Related to Physical, Psychological, and Social Development in Children: A Systematic Review
Authors: Peng Zhou , Lau Patrick W.C. 
Published: October 2022

Objective: This systematic review aims to investigate the impact of adventure education (AE) on children’s physical, psychological, and social development (children’s age range: 0–18 years old). Methods: The review was reported based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (PRISMA 2015). Articles were retrieved from seven databases (EMBASE, PubMed, MEDLINE, Web of Science, SPORTDiscus, PsycINFO, and Psychology Database) from 2000 to 2021. Methodological quality was examined according to Version 2 of the Cochrane risk-of-tool for randomized trials (RoB 2). Results: Eighteen studies were screened. AE was found to contribute to the improvement of physical development in nonhealthy children aged 9 to 16 years and nonhealthy children aged 3 to 7 years. All results showed a positive psychological impact of AE except for inconsistent results for self-esteem, self-efficacy, and quality of life. Moreover, AE was found to be an approach that enhanced social development among nonhealthy and healthy children aged 11–17 years and nonhealthy children aged 3–7 years. Conclusion: AE intervention produces physical, psychological, and social benefits in children. Most studies analyzed in this review focused on 9- to 18-year-old unhealthy and healthy children. Only one study involved 3- to 7-year-old unhealthy children. However, most of the studies in this field have weak methodological quality, and thus, the present evidence should be interpreted carefully. Future work with superior methodology in AE intervention would help us establish a greater degree of accuracy in this area of study. Implications: AE intervention with better study design is needed. Research also needs to be conducted to examine the effectiveness of AE on physical, psychological, and social development in healthy younger children.
Association of hyperopia with incident clinically significant depression: epidemiological and genetic evidence in the middle-aged and older population
Authors: Du Zijing , Zhang Xiayin , Hu Yijun , Huang Yu , Bulloch Gabriella , Shang Xianwen , Liang Yingying , Wu Guanrong , Wang Yaxin , Xiao Yu , Kong Huiqian , Lawali Dan Jouma Amadou Maman , Hu Yunyan , Zhu Zhuoting , Yang Xiaohong , Yu Honghua 
Published: October 2022

Aims
To investigate the association between hyperopia and clinically significant depression (CSD) in middle-aged and older individuals. The effect of genetic determinants of hyperopia on incident CSD was also explored.

Methods
We included participants who had available data on mean spherical equivalent (MSE) and were free of depression at baseline from the UK Biobank. For the phenotypic association, hyperopia was defined as MSE of+2.00 dioptres (D) or greater, and was divided into mild, moderate and high groups. Diagnosis of CSD across follow-up was determined based on electronic hospital inpatients records. For the genetic association analysis, the association between hyperopia Polygenic Risk Score and incident CSD was assessed. Mendelian randomisation was assessed for causality association.

Results
Over a median follow-up of 11.11 years (IQR: 10.92–11.38), hyperopia was significantly associated with incident CSD independent of genetic risk (HR 1.29, 95% CI 1.05 to 1.59) compared with emmetropia participants, especially in those hyperopic patients without optical correction (HR 1.38, 95% CI 1.07 to 1.76). In addition, participants in the high degree of hyperopia were more likely to have incident CSD than participants in the mild degree of hyperopia (P for trend=0.009). Genetic analyses did not show any significant associations between hyperopia and incident CSD (p≥0.1).

Conclusions
Hyperopia was significantly associated with an increased risk of incident CSD. This was independent of genetic predisposition to hyperopia, emphasising the importance of regular vision screening and correction of hyperopia to reduce the risk of CSD regardless of genetic risk.
Impact of COVID-19 infection rates on admissions for ambulatory care sensitive conditions: nationwide difference-in-difference design in Japan
Authors: Kaneko Makoto , Shimizu Sayuri , Oishi Ai , Fushimi Kiyohide 
Published: October 2022

ObjectivesSARS-CoV-2 infection (COVID-19) has affected tertiary medical institutions and primary care. Admission for ambulatory care sensitive conditions (ACSCs) is an important indicator of primary care quality. However, no nationwide study, especially in Asia, has examined the association between admissions for ACSCs and local surges in COVID-19. This study aimed to examine how the number of admissions for ACSCs has changed in Japan between the areas with higher and lower rates of COVID-19 infection.DesignThis was a retrospective two-stage cross-sectional study. We employed a difference-in-difference design to compare the number of hospital admissions for ACSCs between the areas with higher and lower rates of COVID-19 infection in Japan.SettingThe study used a nationwide database in Japan.ParticipantsAll patients were aged 20 years and above and were admitted due to ACSCs during the study period between March and September 2019 (before the pandemic) and between March and September 2020 (during the pandemic).ResultsThe total number of ACSC admissions was 464 560 (276 530 in 2019 and 188 030 in 2020). The change in the number of admissions for ACSCs per 100 000 was not statistically significant between the areas with higher and lower rates of COVID-19 infection: 7.50 (95% CI −87.02 to 102.01). In addition, in acute, chronic and preventable ACSCs, the number of admissions per 100 000 individuals did not change significantly.ConclusionAlthough admissions for ACSCs decreased during the COVID-19 pandemic, there was no significant change between the areas with higher and lower rates of COVID-19 infection. This implies that the COVID-19 pandemic affected the areas with higher infection rates and the areas with lower rates.
Heterozygous pathogenic variants involvingCBFBcause a new skeletal disorder resembling cleidocranial dysplasia
Authors: Beyltjens Tessi , Boudin Eveline , Revencu Nicole , Boeckx Nele , Bertrand Miriam , Schütz Leon , Haack Tobias B , Weber Axel , Biliouri Eleni , Vinkšel Mateja , Zagožen Anja , Peterlin Borut , Pai Shashidhar , Telegrafi Aida , Henderson Lindsay B , Ells Courtney , Turner Lesley , Wuyts Wim , Van Hul Wim , Hendrickx Gretl , Mortier Geert R 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundCleidocranial dysplasia (CCD) is a rare skeletal dysplasia with significant clinical variability. Patients with CCD typically present with delayed closure of fontanels and cranial sutures, dental anomalies, clavicular hypoplasia or aplasia and short stature. Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2)is currently the only known disease-causing gene for CCD, but several studies have suggested locus heterogeneity.MethodsThe cohort consists of eight subjects from five unrelated families partially identified through GeneMatcher. Exome or genome sequencing was applied and in two subjects the effect of the variant was investigated at RNA level.ResultsIn each subject a heterozygous pathogenic variant inCBFBwas detected, whereas no genomic alteration involvingRUNX2was found. ThreeCBFBvariants (one splice site alteration, one nonsense variant, one 2 bp duplication) were shown to result in a premature stop codon. A large intragenic deletion was found to delete exon 4, without affectingCBFBexpression. The effect of a second splice site variant could not be determined but most likely results in a shortened or absent protein. Affected individuals showed similarities withRUNX2-related CCD, including dental and clavicular abnormalities. Normal stature and neurocognitive problems were however distinguishing features.CBFBencodes the core-binding factor β subunit, which can interact with all RUNX proteins (RUNX1, RUNX2, RUNX3) to form heterodimeric transcription factors. This may explain the phenotypic differences betweenCBFB-related andRUNX2-related CCD.ConclusionWe confirm the previously suggested locus heterogeneity for CCD by identifying five pathogenic variants inCBFBin a cohort of eight individuals with clinical and radiographic features reminiscent of CCD.
Retrodural space of Okada in the posterior ligamentous complex region: clinical and anatomical findings relevant to lumbar interlaminar epidural injection
Authors: Kim Shin Hyung , Cho Tae-Hyeon , Kim Hee Jung , Kwon Hyun-Jin , Kwak Hyun-Ho , Shin Kang-Jae , Lee Yong Suk , Yang Hun-Mu 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundThe retrodural space of Okada is a potential space posterior to the ligamentum flavum that allows communication with the bilateral facet joints. However, the actual anatomy of this space has not been clearly visualized to date. We sought to investigate the characteristics of patients showing contrast spreading to the facet joint space during epidural injection and to clarify the anatomical structures of the retrodural space and adjacent ligamentous tissues in cadaveric specimens.MethodsFluoroscopic images of patients who underwent fluoroscopy-guided lumbar interlaminar epidural injection were assessed for contrast flow to the facet joints. Patient demographics, preprocedural imaging study findings, and epidural approaches were analyzed. The anatomical study included the sectional dissection, micro-CT imaging, and histological evaluation of lumbar spine specimens from 16 embalmed cadavers.ResultsFluoroscopic images of 605 epidural injections were analyzed. Among them, 36 with inadvertent spread into the facet joints (5.9%) were identified. Multivariate analysis revealed that facet joint pathologies were significantly associated with inadvertent spread into the facet joints (OR 4.382; 95% CI 1.160 to 16.558; p=0.029). Micro-CT and histological findings consistently showed a retrodural space between the ligamentum flavum and interspinous ligament. Various anatomical communication routes in the posterior ligamentous complex leading to this space were observed in specimens with degenerative and pathological changes.ConclusionDegenerative and pathological facet joint changes were associated with a higher incidence of spread into the retrodural space during epidural injection. Our findings confirm anatomical evidence for a false loss of resistance before the needle enters the epidural space.
Safety and Efficacy of Intraventricular Immunovirotherapy with Oncolytic HSV-1 for CNS Cancers
Authors: Kang Kyung-Don , Bernstock Joshua D. , Totsch Stacie K. , Gary Sam E. , Rocco Abbey , Nan Li , Li Rong , Etminan Tina , Han Xiaosi , Beierle Elizabeth A. , Eisemann Tanja , Wechsler-Reya Robert J. , Bae Sejong , Whitley Richard , Gillespie G. Yancey , Markert James M. , Friedman Gregory K. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Purpose:
Oncolytic virotherapy with herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV) has shown promise for the treatment of pediatric and adult brain tumors; however, completed and ongoing clinical trials have utilized intratumoral/peritumoral oncolytic HSV (oHSV) inoculation due to intraventricular/intrathecal toxicity concerns. Intratumoral delivery requires an invasive neurosurgical procedure, limits repeat injections, and precludes direct targeting of metastatic and leptomeningeal disease. To address these limitations, we determined causes of toxicity from intraventricular oHSV and established methods for mitigating toxicity to treat disseminated brain tumors in mice.

Experimental Design:
HSV-sensitive CBA/J mice received intraventricular vehicle, inactivated oHSV, or treatment doses (1×107 plaque-forming units) of oHSV, and toxicity was assessed by weight loss and IHC. Protective strategies to reduce oHSV toxicity, including intraventricular low-dose oHSV or interferon inducer polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly I:C) prior to oHSV treatment dose, were evaluated and then utilized to assess intraventricular oHSV treatment of multiple models of disseminated CNS disease.

Results:
A standard treatment dose of intraventricular oHSV damaged ependymal cells via virus replication and induction of CD8+ T cells, whereas vehicle or inactivated virus resulted in no toxicity. Subsequent doses of intraventricular oHSV caused little additional toxicity. Interferon induction with phosphorylation of eukaryotic initiation factor-2α (eIF2α) via intraventricular pretreatment with low-dose oHSV or poly I:C mitigated ependyma toxicity. This approach enabled the safe delivery of multiple treatment doses of clinically relevant oHSV G207 and prolonged survival in disseminated brain tumor models.

Conclusions:
Toxicity from intraventricular oHSV can be mitigated, resulting in therapeutic benefit. These data support the clinical translation of intraventricular G207.
Colorectal Cancer Metastases in the Liver Establish Immunosuppressive Spatial Networking between Tumor-Associated SPP1+ Macrophages and Fibroblasts
Authors: Sathe Anuja , Mason Kaishu , Grimes Susan M. , Zhou Zilu , Lau Billy T. , Bai Xiangqi , Su Andrew , Tan Xiao , Lee HoJoon , Suarez Carlos J. , Nguyen Quan , Poultsides George , Zhang Nancy R. , Ji Hanlee P. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Purpose:
The liver is the most frequent metastatic site for colorectal cancer. Its microenvironment is modified to provide a niche that is conducive for colorectal cancer cell growth. This study focused on characterizing the cellular changes in the metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) liver tumor microenvironment (TME).

Experimental Design:
We analyzed a series of microsatellite stable (MSS) mCRCs to the liver, paired normal liver tissue, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq). We validated our findings using multiplexed spatial imaging and bulk gene expression with cell deconvolution.

Results:
We identified TME-specific SPP1-expressing macrophages with altered metabolism features, foam cell characteristics, and increased activity in extracellular matrix (ECM) organization. SPP1+ macrophages and fibroblasts expressed complementary ligand–receptor pairs with the potential to mutually influence their gene-expression programs. TME lacked dysfunctional CD8 T cells and contained regulatory T cells, indicative of immunosuppression. Spatial imaging validated these cell states in the TME. Moreover, TME macrophages and fibroblasts had close spatial proximity, which is a requirement for intercellular communication and networking. In an independent cohort of mCRCs in the liver, we confirmed the presence of SPP1+ macrophages and fibroblasts using gene-expression data. An increased proportion of TME fibroblasts was associated with the worst prognosis in these patients.

Conclusions:
We demonstrated that mCRC in the liver is characterized by transcriptional alterations of macrophages in the TME. Intercellular networking between macrophages and fibroblasts supports colorectal cancer growth in the immunosuppressed metastatic niche in the liver. These features can be used to target immune-checkpoint–resistant MSS tumors.