bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microwaving released more polyphenols from black quinoa grains with hypoglycemic effects compared with traditional cooking methods
Authors: Zhang Yu , Yan Yu , Li Wanqi , Huang Kai , Li Sen , Cao Hongwei , Guan Xiao 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDPolyphenols were reported to exhibit inhibitory effects on digestive enzymes to regulate carbohydrates and lipid digestion. However, different cooking methods might cause differences in the composition of polyphenols in cereal grains and thus further affect their activities.RESULTSThe present study used boiling, roasting and microwaving to cook black quinoa and extracted polyphenols from them. Their total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoids content were determined, and phenolic composition was analyzed via high‐performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (HPLC–MS). Compared with other cooking methods, phenolic extract from microwaved black quinoa (PEM) showed the highest TPC value (about 2.64 mg GAE g−1). Microwaving released more phenolic acids (ferulic acid and gallic acid) from black quinoa grains. PEM also exhibited the strongest antioxidant and α‐glucosidase inhibitory activities. Lineweaver–Burk plots showed that PEM inhibited α‐glucosidase in an uncompetitive mode, which was supported by circular dichroism analysis. PEM further reduced about 20.04% of digested starch in an in vitro digestion model and suppressed postprandial blood glucose increases (about 16.91% reduction) in vivo.CONCLUSIONCollectively, our data suggested that microwaving could be an ideal method to cook quinoa in regards of its polyphenols in management of postprandial blood glucose. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
An assessment of the factors influencing loyalty among active sport event tourists: The case of Mallorca 312 in Spain
Authors: Jin Jianying , Zhou Bin , Nadal Jaume Rosselló 
Published: April 2022

AbstractTourist retention and boosted tourist loyalty are fundamental factors for sport event marketing. Using multiple linear and ordered logistic regression methods, this study examined factors that affected loyalty among active sport event tourists. The results revealed: (a) satisfaction had the greatest impacts on loyalty, with its effect on word‐of‐mouth recommendations outweighing re‐participation; (b) service quality and relationship investment quality directly affected loyalty, especially word‐of‐mouth recommendations, while social network quality did not; (c) pull factors and some socio‐demographic and behavioral characteristics also influenced loyalty. Findings in this study are important references for the sustainable development of sport event tourism, offering useful guidelines.
Monitoring potential spontaneous combustion in a coal waste dump after reclamation through unmanned aerial vehicle RGB imagery based on alfalfa aboveground biomass
Authors: Ren He , Zhao Yanling , Xiao Wu , Yang Xi , Ding Baoliang , Chen Chunfang 
Published: April 2022

AbstractSpontaneous combustion of coal waste dumps is one of the main problems in mining areas. This risk still exists even after land reclamation and ecological restoration. Once spontaneous combustion of a coal waste dump occurs after reclamation, it will lead to repeated land degradation and vegetation damage again. Focusing on this issue, a monitoring method using unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) RGB imagery based on alfalfa aboveground biomass (AGB) is proposed in this study. Two areas of a coal waste dump that suffered spontaneous combustion of coal waste after reclamation in Shanxi Province, China, were selected as the study area. Combined with the vegetation index and texture metrics extracted from UAV RGB imagery, the AGB was estimated using stepwise linear regression models. Finally, the intensity of spontaneous combustion was classified based on alfalfa AGB. In this study, our results show that: (i) the AGB estimation accuracy can be improved by combining the spectral and texture features [R2 = 0.86, root mean square error (RMSE) = 0.09 kg /m‐2, and mean absolute error (MAE) = 0.08 kg m‐2]; (ii) alfalfa AGB had a good ability to explain the underground thermal anomalies based on the deep soil temperature; (iii) Compared with the land surface temperature, alfalfa AGB was more suitable for monitoring the potential spontaneous combustion areas, especially in the initial stage, where spontaneous combustion has occurred but does not have a significant impact on the land surface. This study was intended to provide an improved method for detecting the spontaneous combustion monitoring of coal waste dumps, which may provide a reference for initial monitoring and prevention in mining areas.
Extreme value distributions describe interannual variability in the seasonal North Atlantic phytoplankton bloom
Authors: Britten Gregory L. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe North Atlantic phytoplankton bloom depends on a confluence of environmental factors that drive transient periods of exponential phytoplankton growth and interannual variability in bloom magnitude. I analyze interannual bloom variability in the North Atlantic via extreme value theory where the generalized extreme value distribution (GEVD) is fitted spatially to annual maxima of satellite‐measured surface chlorophyll. I find excellent agreement between the observed distribution of interannual bloom maxima and those predicted from the GEVD. The spatial distribution of fitted GEVD parameters closely follows basin bathymetry where the largest extremes and heaviest distribution tails are found on the continental shelves and slopes. Trend analyses suggest weak evidence for changes in GEVD parameters, despite regional trends in mean chlorophyll levels and sea surface temperature. These results provide a framework to quantify interannual bloom variability and call for further work examining how extreme blooms propagate through food webs and contribute to carbon export.
Coronavirus Disease 2019 and Related Parkinsonism: The Clinical Evidence Thus Far
Authors: Boura Iro , Chaudhuri Kallol Ray 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid‐19) pandemic has fueled both research and speculation, as to whether it could be a “perfect storm” for a post‐Covid emergence of parkinsonism in some susceptible individuals, analogous to the post‐encephalitic parkinsonism reported after the 1918 influenza epidemic. This theory is further augmented by reports of a pathogenic effect of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus‐2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) on the central nervous system with specific impact on the dopaminergic pathway, as well as the possibility of the virus to selectively bind to Angiotensin‐Converting Enzyme‐2 (ACE‐2); these molecules are expressed abundantly in the midbrain dopamine neurons and, are likely involved in several cellular mechanisms cited in Parkinson's Disease (PD) pathophysiology.Objectives—MethodsTherefore, we performed a review of the literature up to February 2022 to explore the current landscape considering published cases of new‐onset parkinsonism after a SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in otherwise healthy individuals. We summarized their clinical features, diagnostic and treatment approaches, discussing potential underlying mechanisms in light of PD pathogenesis theories.ResultsTwenty cases that developed parkinsonian features simultaneously or shortly after a reported SARS‐CoV‐2 infection were reviewed. In 11 of them, parkinsonism appeared in the context of encephalopathy, while four patients developed post‐infectious parkinsonism without encephalopathy, and four bore similarities to idiopathic PD. Nine patients exhibited a good response to dopaminergic therapy, while four responded to immunomodulatory treatment.ConclusionsAvailable data does not yet justify a clear association between the Covid‐19 pandemic and a parkinsonism wave. However, vigilance is necessary, as long‐term effects might have not been revealed.
Injectable and self‐healing biobased composite hydrogels as future anticancer therapeutic biomaterials
Authors: Khan Musammir , Koivisto Janne T. , Kellomäki Minna 
Published: April 2022

AbstractSelf‐healing composite hydrogels are prepared from sustainable biopolymers by a green chemistry approach and analyzed by physicochemical and mechanical characterization techniques for future injectable anticancer biomaterials. Water‐soluble chitosan (WSC) was prepared by grafting polyethylene glycol (PEG), glutamic acid and gallic acid onto the chitosan chain by carbodiimide chemistry. This WSC showed fast gelation (t ≈ < 60 seconds) with benzaldehyde‐terminated 4‐arm‐PEG as a crosslinker through an amine/aldehyde Schiff base reaction. The compression modulus of these gels can be controlled between 6 and 67 kPa, which was dependent on both the crosslinker content as well as the total solid content (T%). It showed injectability and complete self‐healing ability at the lower solid content (T = 2%). The hydrogel nanocomposites (HNCs) were synthesized together with gold (Au) and silver (Ag) nanoparticles (NPs) and tested for cytotoxicity using fibroblast cells (WI‐38) for 48 hours, which showed good biocompatibility. The in‐vitro assay against cancer cells (U87MG) for 48 hours indicated that only the HNCs with incorporated AuNPs were effective agents for cancer cell apoptosis in contrast to pristine gel, pure NPs (Ag and AuNPs) and HCNs with AgNPs. Therefore, these HNCs could be effective chemotherapeutic materials for designing anticancer nanomedicines in the future.
A cross‐sectional survey of moral distress and ethical climate – Situations in paediatric oncology care that involve children’s voices
Authors: Ventovaara Päivi , af Sandeberg Margareta , Petersen Gitte , Blomgren Klas , Pergert Pernilla 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAimTo assess experiences of morally distressing situations and perceptions of ethical climate in paediatric oncology care, with a focus on situations that involve children's voices.DesignCross‐sectional survey.MethodsRegistered Nurses at all four paediatric oncology centres in Denmark were asked to complete a web‐based questionnaire with Danish translations of the Swedish Moral Distress Scale‐Revised (MDS‐R) and the Swedish Hospital Ethical Climate Survey‐Shortened (HECS‐S). Data analysis included descriptive statistics and non‐parametric correlation tests.ResultsNurses (n = 65) perceived morally distressing situations as rather uncommon, except for those that involved shortage of time, poor continuity of care and unsafe staffing levels. Most nurses (83%) found it disturbing to perform procedures on school‐aged children against their will, and 20% reported that they do this often. Perceptions of ethical climate were positive and healthcare professionals were perceived to be attentive to children's wishes.
No child left behind: Building a comprehensive sickle cell disease care oasis in the Lake County, Indiana care desert
Authors: Brown Leticia C. , Hampton Kisha C. , Bloom Ellen M. , Lawson DeAuntae , Cooper Sarah H. , Meier Emily Riehm 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundSickle cell disease (SCD) leads to end‐organ damage and shortened life expectancy. The second highest incidence of SCD in Indiana is in Lake County, but until 2017, there was no SCD expert within 65 miles. The Indiana Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center (IHTC) developed the Sickle Care coordination OutReach and Education (SCORE) program in 2017 to bring high‐quality, guideline‐based care to children with SCD.ProcedureThe St. Vincent IRB deemed this retrospective analysis of SCORE clinic care from 2017 to 2020 exempt. Data on the number of transcranial Dopplers (TCD) performed, HU dosing escalation, and vaccine rates were collected along with the number of school and home visits completed.ResultsFifty‐three children, adolescents, and young adults completed 288 SCORE clinic visits during the study period; over 75% completed at least three clinic visits. Mean HU dose increased significantly with SCORE clinic care. TCD screening rates increased every year starting in 2018 through 2020 when we added local care coordination. One hundred seventy‐three vaccines were administered in SCORE outreach clinics. The PPSV23 vaccines had a 100% acceptance rate, and seasonal influenza had a 75.8% acceptance rate.ConclusionAccess to care coordination services and local hematology specialty care alleviates barriers to care and enables comprehensive SCD care delivery to children in need. Prior to the establishment of the SCORE clinic, 75% of children in Lake County were not receiving recommended stroke screening. The SCORE clinic model demonstrates feasibility and impact when delivering on the promise of high‐quality care for children with SCD.
Lidocaine for dinutuximab‐associated pain? A multicenter retrospective observational cohort study
Authors: Featherly Julianna , Baxter Wojnowicz Sarabeth , Steidl Kelly , Burgess Jeni 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundDinutuximab, an immune‐mediated therapy indicated for high‐risk neuroblastoma, targets the protein disialoganglioside (GD2) on neuroblastoma cells, neurons, and peripheral nerve fibers. Off‐target effects lead to severe nerve pain. Pain regimens including continuous infusion opioids are required during treatment courses. Our institution utilizes a combination of intravenous (i.v.) lidocaine infusions and morphine for the treatment of dinutuximab‐associated neuropathic pain.ObjectiveThe primary outcome of this study was to compare morphine equivalents for cycle 1 of dinutuximab at an institution that uses i.v. lidocaine (primary) versus those that do not (comparison). Secondary outcomes included both dinutuximab infusion time and safety of i.v. lidocaine.MethodsA retrospective, multicentered, electronic chart review was performed at three tertiary academic medical centers. Patients between 0 and 18 years of age during their first course of dinutuximab were included to evaluate the primary outcome of adjuvant morphine equivalents needed.ResultsTwenty‐one patients were identified for inclusion. Total morphine equivalents at the primary institution were 1.87 mg/kg versus 1.79 mg/kg at the comparison institutions (P = 0.413). Dinutuximab infusion time was statistically significantly less at the primary institution: 610.5 minutes versus 676.23 minutes (P = 0.046). Only one patient at the primary institution experienced nausea, vomiting, and paresthesias.ConclusionsThis study did not find a statistically significant difference in morphine equivalents between patients receiving i.v. lidocaine and those who did not. Lidocaine use resulted in a statistically significant lower dinutuximab infusion time. Our data suggest it is a safe adjuvant medication, for use outside of the pediatric intensive care unit, in the treatment of dinutuximab‐associated neuropathic pain.
Adoptive NK‐cell transfer as a potential treatment paradigm for Wilms tumor: A preclinical study
Authors: Behfar Maryam , Muhammadnejad Samad , Abdolahi Shahrokh , Mohseni Rashin , Shoae‐Hassani Alireza , Monzavi Seyed Mostafa , Hamidieh Amir Ali 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundNatural killer (NK) cell therapy has been shown to be effective in the treatment of some cancers. However, the effects of this adoptive immunotherapy have not been investigated for Wilms tumor (WT). In this study, the effects of adoptive NK‐cell transfer on a patient‐derived xenograft (PDX) model of anaplastic WT were evaluated, and the impacts of cell source and ex vivo activation strategy on the therapeutic efficacy of NK‐cell product were appraised.MethodsNK cells were isolated from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (NKPB) and human cord blood (NKCB), and were expanded and activated using a cytokine cocktail. Another group of NK cells (NKET) was produced through activation with the exosomes extracted from previously challenged NKPB cells with WT. PDX‐bearing mice were treated with clinically relevant doses of NKPB, NKCB, NKET, standard chemotherapy, and placebo (phosphate‐buffered saline).ResultsPDX models treated with NKCB showed a better survival rate, though the difference among the study groups was not significant. Compared with the placebo control group, NKCB significantly improved the histopathologic response, NKPB significantly inhibited the proliferation of neoplastic cells, and NKET led to a significant decrease in the metastasis score (all p‐values <.05). Standard chemotherapy provided the greatest tumor growth inhibition and the lowest mitotic count, though it did not show any significant advantage over NK‐cell therapies in any of the outcome parameters in two‐by‐two comparisons.ConclusionsThis study spotlights the efficacy of adoptive NK‐cell transfer as a potential treatment candidate for high‐risk WT.
Clinical significance of cerebrospinal fluid soluble CD25 in pediatric hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis with central nervous system involvement
Authors: Ou Wenxin , Ma Honghao , Wei Ang , Zhao Yunze , Zhang Liping , Lian Hongyun , Zhang Qing , Chen Sitong , Wang Dong , Li Zhigang , Zhang Rui , Wang Tianyou 
Published: April 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo analyze the clinical significance of soluble CD25 (sCD25) levels in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in pediatric hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) with central nervous system (CNS) involvement.MethodsAll patients diagnosed with HLH admitted to Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University between January 1, 2017 and October 31, 2021 who received a measurement of their HLH‐related parameters and CSF sCD25 levels at admission were enrolled in this study.ResultsCSF sCD25 levels in patients with primary HLH were higher than those in patients with Epstein–Barr virus infection‐associated HLH, and the median level was 444 pg/ml. The difference in CSF sCD25 levels between the non‐CNS group and the CNS group was statistically significant (591 [259–33,643] pg/ml vs. 123 (36–437) pg/ml, p < .001). The best cutoff value of CSF sCD25 was 273.5 pg/ml (AUC = 0.987, 95% CI: 0.972–1.000), with sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive values, and negative predictive values of 96.4%, 92.8%, 81.8%, and 98.7%, respectively. CSF sCD25 in the severe CNS involvement group was significantly higher than that in the nonsevere CNS involvement group (p = .014). The 3‐year overall survival (OS) of patients with high CSF sCD25 levels was lower than that of patients with low CSF sCD25 levels(71.6% ± 8.1% vs. 93.3% ± 2.9%, hazard ratio [HR] = 3.637, p = .003).ConclusionIncreased CSF sCD25 levels in active disease can predict CNS‐HLH. Primary HLH has a higher CSF sCD25 level than Epstein–Barr virus infection‐associated HLH. Patients who are diagnosed with CNS‐HLH with CSF sCD25 levels higher than 273.5 pg/ml are more likely to develop severe CNS involvement, suggesting a poor prognosis.
Addition of arm anthropometry to body mass index for age, but not serum albumin, improves the accuracy of the nutritional assessment in severely and moderately malnourished children with cancer
Authors: Prasad Maya , Ladas Elena J. , Barr Ronald 
Published: April 2022

AbstractArm anthropometry is a more sensitive measure of nutritional status than body mass index for age (BMI) in children with cancer, but the added utility of serum albumin remains uncertain. Concordance was determined among four forms of classifying nutritional status in a cohort of undernourished children with cancer: method 1: BMI‐for‐ageZscore; method 2: method 1 + mid‐upper arm circumference (MUAC) percentile; method 3: method 2 + triceps skinfold thickness (TSFT) percentile; and method 4: method 3 + serum albumin. Concordance was highest between methods 2 and 3, followed closely by 3 and 4, indicating that addition of arm anthropometry, but not serum albumin, to BMI increased the sensitivity of baseline nutritional assessment.
Pulmonary embolism in pediatric and adolescent patients with COVID‐19 infection during the SARS‐CoV‐2 delta wave
Authors: Cohen Clay T. , Riedl Ruth A. , Gowda Srinath T. , Sartain Sarah E. , Bashir Dalia A. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) infection in children has been associated with thrombosis, though few cases of COVID‐associated pulmonary embolism (PE) have been described. We performed a retrospective review of the nine cases of COVID‐19‐associated PE during the B.1617.2 variant surge at Texas Children's Hospital. The patient cohort largely contained unvaccinated obese adolescents. All patients were critically ill with two requiring catheter‐directed thrombolysis in addition to anticoagulation. Eight of the nine patients had COVID pneumonia along with PE. This report stresses the importance of maintaining a high index of suspicion for PE in pediatric COVID‐19 infection and vaccinating obese adolescent patients.
Evaluation of mechanical, optical, and antibacterial properties of metal‐oxide dispersed HDPE nanocomposites processed by rotational molding
Authors: Ghanbarpour Barmak , Moslemi Amin 
Published: April 2022

AbstractTo investigate the impact of zinc oxide/titanium dioxide nanoparticles on the characteristics of high‐density polyethylene, researchers used the rotational molding technique to produce polymeric nanocomposites. The nanocomposites' morphological, mechanical, optical, as well as biological characteristics, were studied using a range of characterizations. SEM analysis revealed a uniform morphology of ZnO and TiO2 nanoparticles in the polymer matrix, with 80–120 nanometers middle particle dimensions. The existence of ZnO with hexagonal wurtzite form as well as TiO2 with rutile phase was verified by XRD and XRF. Corresponded to the pure polymer, the HDPE‐ZnO/TiO2 nanocomposites' flexural modulus and tensile strength increased, but elongation at break reduced, according to mechanical characterization. UV–visible spectroscopy revealed that the HDPE‐ ZnO/TiO2 nanocomposites showed UV light absorption at wavelengths ranging from 250 to 390 nm. According to antibacterial tests and contact angle measurements, adding metal oxide NPs to HDPE improved hydrophilicity and antibacterial activity.
Exploring the diagnostic utility of genome sequencing for fetal congenital heart defects
Authors: Cao Y. , Chau M. H. K. , Zheng Y. , Zhao Y. , Kwan A. H. W. , Hui S. Y. A. , Lam Y. H. , Tan T. Y. T. , Tse W. T. , Wong L. , Leung T. Y. , Dong Z. , Choy K. W. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe diagnostic yield for congenital heart defects (CHD) with routine genetic testing is around 10%–20% when considering pathogenic CNVs or aneuploidies as positive findings. This is a pilot study to investigate the utility of genome sequencing (GS) for prenatal diagnosis of CHD.MethodsGenome sequencing (GS, 30X) was performed on 13 trios with CHD for which karyotyping and/or chromosomal microarray results were non‐diagnostic.ResultsTrio GS provided a diagnosis for 4/13 (30.8%) fetuses with complex CHDs and other structural anomalies. Findings included pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants in DNAH5, COL4A1, PTPN11, and KRAS. Of the nine cases without a genetic etiology by GS, we had outcome follow‐up data on eight. For five of them (60%), the parents chose to keep the pregnancy. A balanced translocation [46,XX,t(14; 22)(q32.33; q13.31)mat] was detected in a trio with biallelic DNAH5 mutations, which together explained the recurrent fetal situs inversus and dextrocardia that was presumably due to de novo Phelan‐McDermid syndrome. A secondary finding of a BRCA2 variant and carrier status of HBB, USH2A, HBA1/HBA2 were detected in the cohort.ConclusionsGS expands the diagnostic scope of mutation types over conventional testing, revealing the genetic etiology for fetal heart anomalies. Patients without a known genetic abnormality indicated by GS likely opted to keep pregnancy especially if the heart defect could be surgically repaired. We provide evidence to support the application of GS for fetuses with CHD.