bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New exploration of bladder cancer-related immune gene biomarkers in predicting the prognosis of urinary system tumors
Authors: Zheng Jun , Zhang Junyong , Zhang Weili 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: Bladder cancer (BLCA) ranks first among genitourinary system tumors in terms of its incidence, and it is associated with poor prognosis due to its high recurrence and metastasis rates. In recent years, in-depth research on tumor microenvironment (TME) and immune infiltration has greatly improved the management of urinary system tumors, especially for advanced BLCA. Therefore, this study aimed to construct a risk scoring model with related immune genes as the independent prognostic factors, so as to estimate BLCA survival according to immune gene expression characteristics. Methods: Here, we downloaded clinical and mRNA data of BLCA in TCGA database and utilized them as the model test set. Clinical samples with incomplete tumor staging or grading information were excluded from this study. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between BLCA and normal tissues were identified for GO and KEGG functional enrichment. Further, the prognostic DEGs were obtained by screening the identified DEGs. Thereafter, univariate, multivariate and Lasso regression analyses were performed on immune genes from the as-identified prognostic DEGs. As a result, four independent related immune genes (OAS1, APOBEC3H, LBP1, ANHAK) were obtained, which were then incorporated in the construction of an immune risk scoring model. Finally, TCGA-clear cell renal cell carcinoma (CCRCC) was used as a validation set to validate the risk model.Results: Upon multivariate analyses of both test and validation sets, the four independent genes used to construct the risk scoring model were the independent prognostic factors. As revealed by Kaplan-Meier (KM) curve of BLCA, patient survival time showed significant negative relation to risk score, as verified in validation set. Moreover, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve suggested that, the area under the curve (AUC) was greatly improved when the risk score was used in combination with clinical characteristics, revealing that the risk score might have a better diagnostic value in clinic. Conclusion: This study builds an immune risk assessment model based on the relationship between immunity and BLCA. Finally, four immune-associated prognostic genes were obtained, and the applicability of the model constructed using these four genes to predict urinary system tumors was verified.
Breastfeeding and its Determinants
Authors: Lopes Edna Duarte , Monteiro Alzerina Maria Rocha Lima , Varela Djenifa Odília Barbosa Fernandes Cardoso , Trigueiros Dulcineia Elisa Lima Rodrigues , Spencer Irina Maia , Soares Janice de Jesus Xavier , Vieira Nívia Maria da Luz Pires 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background

Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) is essential for maternal and child health. Breast milk is considered the most appropriate food for children in the first years of life. Studies conducted in Cape Verde (1) show a prevalence of EBF below the recommended values (2). The determining factors of early weaning in the country are not known. The present study aims to estimate the prevalence of EBF and identify its determinants in Cape Verde.
Method

This is a cross-sectional, observational, quantitative, and analytical study. The study population consisted of mothers of children aged 2 years or younger who were users of health centers on the islands of Santo Antão, S. Vicente, Sal, Santiago, and Fogo. The chi-square test was used to evaluate the association between the duration of EBF and the variables maternity leave, maternal education, family income, and health care. A binary logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the effects of the following variables as predictors of breastfeeding: maternal age, maternal education, marital status, family income, location of residence, pregnancy planning, prenatal care, number of prenatal visits, maternity leave, birth weight, breastfeeding in the first hour after delivery, parity, and breastfeeding counseling.
Results

A total of 1717 mothers aged between 13 and 49 years (Md = 26 years) were interviewed. Most were single (58.9%), had a secondary education (57%), were unemployed (59.3%), and resided in Santiago (35.7%). Breast milk being the best food for the baby/a developmental aid (33%) was the most prevalent reason for breastfeeding. The most cited reasons for stopping breastfeeding or never having breastfed were work (19.8%), insufficient milk (16%), and not liking to breastfeed (9.0%). At the time of data collection, 32.50% of the mothers had breastfed, and 49.2% continued to breastfeed exclusively but without reaching the 6 months necessary for breastfeeding to be considered EBF.
Conclusion

The prevalence of EBF in Cape Verde can be considered moderate. Maternal age, educational level, number of prenatal visits, and parity were significantly associated with breastfeeding. There was no significant relationship of maternity leave, maternal education, and family income with EBF. Receiving breastfeeding counseling was the only health care variable that was associated with the duration of EBF (p = 0.029).
Single I.V.-ketamine Augmentation of Newly Initiated Venlafaxine Hydrocortisone for Treatment-resistant Depression: Randomized, Double-blind Controlled Study Protocol
Authors: Du Yun , Feng Ruobing , Zhang Wenle , Fang Jiexin , Ma Ke , Wang Encong , Hu Yongdong 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: The critical issue of treating Treatment-Resistant Depression (TRD) is to improve antidepressant effect rapid onset and the recovery rates. Significant antidepressant effects of ketamine onset rapidly, but decay rapidly and repeated dosing increases the risks. This study aimed to explore the efficacy and safety of single intravenous ketamine, combined with venlafaxines hydrochloride for TRD.Methods: 32 patients with treatment-resistant depression will be randomly selected to undergo a four weeks double-blind treatment with single-dose ketamine (0.5 mg/kg over 40 min) and venlafaxine hydrochloride (4 weeks) or midazolam maleate (0.045 mg/kg over 40 min) and venlafaxine hydrochloride (4 weeks). Depressive symptoms will be measured by the Montgomery–Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) and the 16-item Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology Self-Report (QIDS-SR16). Adverse effects will be measured by the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale-4 (BPRS-4), Young Manic Rating Scale (YMRS), the Clinician-Administered Dissociative States Scale (CADSS), Frequency and Intensity of Side Effects Rating/Global Rating of Side Effects Burden (FISER/GRSEB）and Patient Rated Inventory of Side Effects (PRISE). Patients will be assessed at baseline, after intervention 1, 2, 4, 24, 48, 72 hours and 7, 14, 21 and 28 days.Discussion: This study will provide important information on whether this new combined intervention can rapidly relieve the symptoms of depression and improve the remission rates of treatment-resistant depression.
Research On The Risk And Benefit Cooperative Decision of Reservoir Flood Limited Water Level
Authors: Li Xiaoying , Zhang Yan , Tong Zechun , Niu Guo-Yue 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The inconsistency between water consumption and the annual rainfall distribution makes it important to make full use of the flood water resource. The adjustment of the flood limited water level (FLWL) is an effective way to improve the flood water utilization, where the staged control of the FLWL plays an important role. Flood season segmentation is the basis for determining the FLWL and tapping the utilization potential of flood resources. The circular distribution method is used to segment, and the relative frequency method is used to verify. Maintaining the balance between benefit and flood control safety is the key work for the FLWL decision. The performances of water supply and hydropower generation are selected to be benefit index, and the extreme risk rate is risk index. Based on the game theory, the multi-objective cooperative decision-making model is established. Nash negotiation solution of staged FLWL is obtained by Nash negotiation theorem. The optimal scheme is determined according to the fuzzy pattern recognition theory. A reservoir is taken as an example, firstly, considering that the risk and benefit are equally valued, the FLWL of the optimal scheme in the pre-flood season is 129.0m, and the post-flood season is 128.5m. By adjusting the preference value for risk and benefit, the optimal FLWL scheme under different preferences for risk and benefit in each stage is determined.
The Relationship Between Spatial Patterns of Urban Land Uses and Air Pollutants in the Tehran Metropolis, Iran
Authors: Gheshlaghpoor Soheil , Abedi Seyedeh Sanaz , moghbel masoumeh 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Context: Urban expansion has led to land use changes in metropolises, which in turn cause landscape pattern changes and intensive ecological issues in urban areas. Objective: The main objective of this research is to investigate the relationship between different land use patterns and air pollutants (NO2, SO2, CO, O3) in the metropolis of Tehran. Method:The Local Climate Zone (LCZ) scheme and Landsat 8 satellite images were used to extract urban land uses in Tehran. Additionally, Sentinel-5P satellite images were used to calculate and evaluate air pollutants in summer (2020) and winter (2021).Then, the relationship between the spatial composition and configuration of urban land uses and air pollutants was computed using Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple linear regression in summer 2020 and winter 2021.Results: The results indicate that the distribution or concentration of air pollutants is different from the spatial pattern of land use. The spatial composition and configuration of man-made land uses, including the classes of compact mid-rise, compact low-rise, large low-rise, and heavy industry, had a positive correlation with NO2 and SO2 (Sig<0/038). In contrast, the pollutant CO had a significant negative correlation with the green spaces of types A (dense trees) (Sig: 0/004, (99%)) and B (scattered trees) (Sig: 0/034, (95%)). Conversely, the spatial composition and configuration of man-made land uses had a negative correlation with O3 (Sig<0/047) while had a positive correlation with green spaces (Sig<0/047). Conclusion: The obtained results show that quantitative analysis can help to develop more complex strategies and scenarios in future research.
Can a supranational medicines agency restore trust after vaccine suspensions? The case of Vaxzevria
Authors: Albanese Andrea , Fallucchi Francesco , Verheyden Bertrand 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Over the first half of March 2021, the majority of European governments suspended Astrazeneca's Vaxzevria vaccine as a precaution following media reports of rare blood clots. We analyse the impact of the European Medicines Agency's (EMA) March 18th statement assuring the public of the safety of Vaxzevria and the immediate reinstatement of the vaccine by most countries on respondents' intention to get vaccinated.By relying on survey data collected in Luxembourg and neighbouring areas between early March and mid-April, we observe that the willingness to be vaccinated was severely declining in the days preceding the EMA statement. We implement a regression discontinuity design exploiting the time at which respondents completed the survey and find that the vaccine reinstatement substantially restored vaccination intentions.
The Prognostic Value of Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment on the Management of Older Patients With Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Chun You Jin , Kim Kwang Joon , Lee Ji Yeon , Choi Ji Won , Kim Tae Hee , Kim Hye Ryun , Cho Byoung Chul , Hong Min Hee , Kim Chang Oh 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background The prognostic value of a comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) for the management of older cancer patients remains to be established. This study investigated the association of each CGA variable with overall survival (OS) in older small cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients.Methods A retrospective cohort enrolled 21 older SCLC patients over 65 years from March 2018 to 2019 at the Yonsei Cancer Center. The CGA was performed before treatment and included the following instruments: Frailty, a circumference of arm/calf, body mass index (BMI), sarcopenia (e.g., Timed Up and Go test [TUG], grip strength), comorbidity, polypharmacy, function, nutrition, depression, and cognitive function. The correlations of oncological and geriatric variables with OS were determined. The log-rank test and a Cox model were used for the analysis. Prognostic factors of OS were examined by using the Kaplan-Meier method.Results The median age was 75 years (range 67-85). All patients had the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (ECOG PS) 0-2. The median survival was 9.93 months (1.53-36.30). Among CGA parameters, activities of daily living (ADL) and nutritional status had significant differences in OS in univariate analysis. In multivariate analysis, only nutritional status was independently associated with survival (HR 0.17 [95% CI 0.05-0.57]). Median OS for low nutritional status was 5.63 months and the normal nutrition group was 15.5 months (p = .004).Conclusions Geriatric assessment detects more information than routine oncological evaluation alone, such as ECOG PS. Pre-treatment nutritional status measured by CGA appears to be a predictor of OS in older SCLC patients. A prospective study with larger sample size is desirable in the future.
Impact of chronic co-infection in pulmonary Mycobacterium avium complex disease after treatment initiation
Authors: Urabe Naohisa , Sakamoto Susumu , Shimanuki Yui , Kanokogi Takumi , Motohashi Takumi , Anzai Nanami , Kato Chiaki , Yamaguchi Asuka , Tokita Nozomi , Homma Sakae , Kishi Kazuma 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: The impact of co-infection with other pathogenic microorganisms after initiation of treatment for pulmonary Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) disease has not been clearly demonstrated. This study sought to clarify clinical outcomes of co-infection with MAC after antimycobacterial therapy for MAC.Methods: Co-infection status was designated as the detection of pathogenic microorganisms other than MAC in at least two consecutive sputum cultures 6-24 months after initiation of treatment. Chest computed tomography (CT) findings and culture results were compared between co-infection and MAC alone groups. Results: The co-infection and MAC alone groups comprised 12 and 36 patients, respectively. The proportion of patients with sputum culture positive for MAC after 24 months of therapy did not differ significantly between the two groups [25% (3/12) vs. 16.7% (6/36); p=0.671]. The proportion of patients with improved chest CT score after 24 months of starting treatment compared to baseline was significantly lower for the co-infection group than for the MAC alone group [16.7% (2/12) vs. 79.4% (27/34); p<0.001]. In the co-infection group, mean CT score values at 12 and 24 months did not differ from baseline. However, the MAC alone group showed significant improvement at 12 and 24 months compared with baseline.Conclusions: Co-infection with other pathogenic microorganisms has no effect on the therapeutic efficacy of MAC but interferes with improvement in chest CT findings.
Universal Health Coverage for Undocumented Migrant Workers in Thailand: Challenges in Policy Implementation
Authors: Tawaytibhongs Orawan 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: The number of international migrants has been increasing from 2.8% of the world population in 2010 to 3.6% in 2020 according to a recent estimation of the United Nations (UN). One of the many challenges in migrants’ health is to obtain universal health coverage (UHC) in the host countries. The Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) urge policymakers to achieve UHC for all regardless of their nationality that each country is responsible for planning and implementing adequate policies towards migrant’s health. According to the Thai migration report in 2019, almost 5 million non-Thai are residing in Thailand. A majority are low-skilled migrant workers (LSMW) from neighbouring countries including Cambodia, Laos, and Myanmar (CLM). Only half of the LSMW, including the undocumented migrant workers (UMW), were covered by public health insurance in 2018. A significant number of UMW has no entitlement to any health insurance due to various barriers. The study was to review the gaps and challenges in health policies related to migrant workers. Recommendation will be introduced as the conclusion. Methods: Literature review from Pubmed, Biomed Central, and Google Scholar and discussion using WHO Universal Health Coverage cube as a framework Results: From the literature review showed the evolution of Thailand’s migration policies and migrant health insurance schemes. Intersectoral collaboration among the Ministry of Interior (MOI), the Ministry of Labour (MOL), and the Ministry of Public Health (MOPH) has been established yet fragmented with bureaucratic nature. Gaps in migrant health policy implementation persist due to the restrictive nature of migrant policies. The processes of providing social protection in health (SPH) to UMW are more of legalizing than protecting of human rights. The discourse that migrants are a burden to the health system still prevails. Discrimination towards LSMW has substantial negative impact on migrant health policies. The accessibility to basic health services remained limited. Additionally, little was achieved regarding the promotion of equal rights and working opportunities. Conclusion: To increase SPH for the vulnerable population is more than providing financial coverage. Improving access to social health assistance will have positive impact on the health outcomes of migrant workers. This paper proposes practical implementation at local health system.
Use and subjective experience of the impact of a motor-assisted movement exerciser in people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a multicentre observational study
Authors: Maier André , Gaudlitz Marcel , Grehl Torsten , Weyen Ute , Steinbach Robert , Großkreutz Julian , Rödiger Annekatrin , Koch Jan Christoph , Lengenfeld Teresa , Weydt Patrick , Günther René , Wolf Joachim , Baum Petra , Metelmann Moritz , Dorst Johannes , Ludolph Albert Christian , Kettemann Dagmar , Norden Jenny , Koc Ruhan Yasemin , Walter Bertram , Hildebrandt Barbara , Münch Christoph , Meyer Thomas , Spittel Susanne 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Objective: Motor-assisted movement exercisers (MME) enable device-assisted physical therapy delivered in domestic settings. This observational study captures the frequency of MME use, subjective experience of the therapy provided and MME recommendation. Method: The prospective cohort study was implemented at ten ALS centres (02/2019-10/2020) and coordinated by the research platform Ambulanzpartner. Participants assessed symptom severity, frequency of use and subjective benefit of therapy on a numerical rating scale (NRS, 0 to 10 points). The likelihood of recommending the MME was determined by the Net Promotor Score (NPS). Results: Data for 144 participants were analysed. Weekly MME applications ranged from 1 to 4 in 41%, 5 to 7 in 42% and >7 in 17% of participants. Particularly positive results were achieved in the following domains: amplification of a sense of achievement (67%), diminution of the feeling of having rigid limbs (63%), diminution of the feeling of being immobile (61%), improvement of general wellbeing (55%) and reduction of muscle stiffness (52%). Participants with more pronounced self-rated muscle weakness were more likely to note a beneficial effect on preservation and improvement of muscle strength under MME treatment (p<0.05). The NPS for the MME was high (+61). Conclusion: High-frequency MME-assisted treatment (defined as a minimum of five sessions a week) was administered in the majority of participants (59%) in addition to physical therapy. Most patients stated to have achieved their individual objectives of MME intervention as evidenced by a high level of satisfaction. The results underline the justification for extended MME treatment as part of the ALS care concept.
Identification and characterization of pyrethroid-resistant miRNAs in the genome of malaria vector Anopheles Sinensis
Authors: Xu Xia , Asghar Sana , Hu Changjiang , Si Feng-Ling , Tao Fei , Chen Bin 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: microRNAs (miRNAs) are small endogenous non-coding RNAs that play important roles in many developments, differentiation, apoptosis, and innate immunity in insects. Pyrethroid resistance has become the unique largest obstacle for the mosquito control, and An. sinensis is the main malaria vector mosquito in Eastern and other Asian countries. Methods: We investigated miRNA expression profiles associated with pyrethroid-resistant in An. sinensis by Illumina Hiseq sequencing. Meanwhile, we applied bioinformatics methods to identify miRNAs and their target genes associated with pyrethroid resistance in. miRNAs selected in the bioinformatics approach were confirmed by RT-qPCR. In addition, dual luciferase reporter was also performed to verify the interaction of miRNA and its target genes.Results: We obtained 7,120,612- 7,157,914 clean RNA sequencing reads from the different sample sequencing. A total of 329 miRNAs (included 246 novel ones) were identified by Illumina Hiseq sequencing. Thirty-nine miRNAs were significantly down-regulated in the pyrethroid-resistant populations in comparison of those in susceptible strain. Furthermore, 1909 and 6696 target genes were predicted for the dysregulated 20 known and 19 novel miRNAs respectively. GO annotation and KEGG pathway analyses for the predicted genes of dysregulated miRNAs revealed that they might be involved in a broad range of biological processes related with the pyrethroids, such as integral component of plasma membrane, intracellular binding, catalytic activity, signal transduction, protein transport and several key pathways including ABC transporters. Through miRNA-gene network analysis, 13 key miRNAs and 34 mRNAs of their target genes were predicted. Consistent with the RNA-seq results, nine miRNAs are significantly down-regulated by RT-qPCR in pyrethroid-resistant strains of An. sinensis. In addition, luciferase reporter assay demonstrated that miR-87 directly bound with the 3’UTR of target gene Sinensis_GLEAN_10013226. Conclusion: This study provides the whole-genome information of miRNAs and their characteristics in An. sinensis, which lays an important foundation for further research on miRNAs associated with pyrethroid resistance. Targeting the miRNA-mRNA network may be a new strategy to overcome insecticide resistance in mosquito vectors.
Combining OSMAC, Metabolomic and Genomic Methods on Termite Symbiotic Fungi for the Production and Annotation of Halogenated Azaphilones and Ilicicolins
Authors: Hebra Téo , Pollet Nicolas , Touboul David , Eparvier Véronique 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
We mined a collection of termite mutualistic strains from French Guiana to explore metabolites of symbiotic microorganisms. Molecular networks reconstructed from a metabolomic analysis using LC-ESI-MS/MS methodology led us to identify two families of chlorinated polyketides, i.e. azaphilones from Penicillium sclerotiorum and ilicolins from Neonectria discophora. To define the biosynthetic pathways related to these two types of scaffolds, we used a whole genome sequencing approach followed by hybrid assembly from short and long reads. We found two biosynthetic gene clusters including two FAD-dependent halogenases. To exploit the enzymatic promiscuity of the two identified FAD halogenases, we sought to biosynthesize novel halogenated metabolites. An OSMAC strategy was used and resulted in the production of brominated analogs of ilicicolins and azaphilones as well as iodinated analogs of azaphilones.