bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Universal Global Cloning of Continuous Variables Entanglement
Authors: Ge Li , Xin Jun , Zhang Lin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIt is impossible to perfectly duplicate an unknown entangled state while preserving inseparability, which is known as the entanglement no‐cloning principle. Nevertheless, approximate cloning of entanglement is allowed by quantum mechanics. A universal entanglement cloning machine (UECM) duplicates an entangled state such that the quality of its entanglement replicas does not depend on the input. To duplicate entanglement shared between two parties, 1‐to‐N universal local entanglement cloning machine (ULECM) has already been proposed (Weedbrook, et al., Phys. Rev. A, 77, 052313 (2008)), which employs two local UECMs to copy each party of the entangled state. However, the ULECM can never preserve the inseparability in its replicas. Here, a 1‐to‐N universal global entanglement cloning machine (UGECM) that takes the entire entangled state as the input and then globally clone it to produce replicas is proposed. It is demonstrated that the UGECM outperforms the ULECM both in terms of the fidelity and the inseparability preservation. In addition, the UGECM is of more simple and easy structure, compared with the UGECM. Such a UGECM may find its new applications in quantum entanglement broadcasting.
Control of Selectivity in FeCl3‐Catalyzed Aerobic Oxidation of Cycloketones
Authors: Zhao Qi , Wang Yongtao , Wang Yu , Hu Qixuan , Yao Jia , Wen Zeyu , Li Haoran 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe FeCl3‐catalyzed aerobic oxidation of ketones always gives rise to the α‐C−C cleavage product, having challenges to afford hydroxyl keto compounds. Here we report an effective control of the main product from keto acid to α‐hydroxyl ketone, by reducing the concentration of FeCl3 catalyst, together with the use of DMSO as the solvent. In addition, mechanistic investigations suggested the same FeCl3‐coordinated peroxide intermediate for both hydroxylation and C−C cleavage routes, and emphasize the role of DMSO as both ligand and reductant. This work provides a new approach for selective aerobic oxidation under Lewis acid catalysis.
Rapid Ring‐Opening Polymerization of γ‐Butyrolactone toward High‐Molecular‐Weight Poly (γ‐butyrolactone) by an Organophosphazene Base and Bisurea Binary Catalyst
Authors: Liu Yiming , Xu Jizhe , Zhang Yiming , Shen Yong , Li Zhibo 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe low temperature condition, long reaction time and associated high energy inputs involved in the polymerization process still hampered the scalable production of poly(γ‐butyrolactone) (PγBL) via ring‐opening polymerization (ROP) of low strained γBL due to its unfavorable thermodynamics. In this contribution, we presented the rapid ROP of γBL using a bisurea in combination with an organophosphazene base as the binary catalyst. Well‐defined PγBL samples with various terminal groups were prepared by using different alcohol initiators. The bisurea as a co‐catalyst exhibited much higher catalytic activity even compared to the most active monourea in previous report as supported by the kinetic experiments. A moderate monomer conversion of 61% was achieved within 10 mins, producing high‐molecular‐weight PγBL with Mn up to 37.5 kDa and good mechanical properties. The short polymerization time considerably reduced the energy cost for the ROP of γBL conducted at low temperature condition. This study may clear away obstacles for the scalable production and practical applications for PγBL.
Highly Active Catalytic CO2 Hydrogenation to Lower Olefins via Spinel ZnGaOx Combined with SAPO‐34
Authors: Yuan Hao , Zheng Heping , Ren Yu , Xiao Daqiang , Ran Longteng , Guo Yujing , Mao Luyao , Tang Jianhua 
Published: December 2022

AbstractA key primary method for creating a carbon cycle and carbon neutrality is the catalytic hydrogenation of CO2 into high value‐added chemicals or fuels. In this work, ZnGaOx oxides were prepared by parallel co‐precipitation and physically mixed with SAPO‐34 molecular sieves prepared by hydrothermal synthesis to produce ZnGaOx/SAPO‐34 bifunctional catalysts, which were evaluated for the catalytic synthesis of lower olefins (C2=−C4=) from carbon dioxide hydrogenation. It was demonstrated that the reaction process requires oxygen defect activation, synergistic hydrogenation, and CO2 alkaline adsorption of ZnGaOx. The spinel structure of ZnGaOx has more abundant oxygen defects and alkaline adsorption sites than the ZnGaOx solid solution, which effectively enhances the catalytic performance. The CO2 conversion was 28.52%, the selectivity of C2=−C4= in hydrocarbons reached 70.01%, and the single‐pass yield of C2=−C4= was 10.95% at 370 °C, 3.0 MPa, and 4800 mL/gcat/h.
Cosmological bounce in a modified gravity framework
Authors: Chattopadhyay Surajit 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe present study reports the bouncing cosmology of f(T) gravity with holographic Ricci form of density, that is, . Taking two forms of scale factor, namely exponential and power‐law, we have reconstructed f(T) gravity and accordingly derived expressions for the equation of state parameter in the bouncing scenario. The reconstructed equation of state parameter for the exponential form of scale factor showed a symmetric pattern about the turnaround point or bouncing point. Finally, we checked the stability of the models through the squared speed of sound and demonstrated how the stability depends upon the value of ξ.
Gross anatomical study of the subcutaneous structures that create the three‐dimensional shape of the buttocks
Authors: Han Aya , Inoue Eiko , Kikuchi Keishiiro , Haikata Yuto , Tabira Yoko , Iwanaga Joe , Saga Tsuyoshi , Kiyokawa Kensuke , Watanabe Koichi 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to clarify the subcutaneous structures involved in the morphology of the gluteal region for clinical application. Thirty‐seven formalin‐fixed cadavers and one soft‐fixed cadaver were used in this study. Gluteal tissue was removed from five formalin‐fixed cadavers. A horizontal section and sections parallel to the long axis of the body were made from the excised tissue, and the subcutaneous fat was removed to observe the fibrous structure within the subcutaneous fat. Two formalin‐fixed cadavers and one soft‐fixed cadaver were used to perform conventional gross anatomical dissection and histological examination. On 30 formalin‐fixed cadavers, the thickness of the subcutaneous fat was measured in various areas of the buttocks. The thickness of subcutaneous fat was thicker in the center of the buttocks and thinner on the lateral buttocks. Superficial fascia (SF) was found only in the upper buttock, being indistinct in the lower buttock. In the sacral and coccygeal areas, the dermis was tightly adhered to the bone as a single mass. Fibers arose from around the iliac crest to the SF. On the medial side of the gluteal fold, a strong fiber arose from the sciatic tubercle and inserted into the gluteus maximus and dermis. By identifying the characteristic subcutaneous structures of the gluteal region, we were able to identify the anatomical structures that shape the three‐dimensional morphology of the buttocks. These findings may be useful in surgical treatments such as improving the buttock shape.
Poverty stigma, mental health, and well‐being: A rapid review and synthesis of quantitative and qualitative research
Authors: Inglis Greig , Jenkins Pamela , McHardy Fiona , Sosu Edward , Wilson Claire 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPoverty is associated with higher rates of mental illness and lower levels of well‐being. Poverty affects mental health and well‐being through a range of mechanisms, one of which may be experiences of stigma associated with living in poverty or accessing services designed to assist individuals on low incomes (including social security). The aim of this study was to synthesise published research on the relationship between individuals' experiences of poverty stigma and aspects of mental health and well‐being. A rapid review was undertaken of quantitative and qualitative research published between January 2005 and February 2021. In total, 22 (5 quantitative and 17 qualitative or mixed methods) studies met the inclusion criteria, the findings of which were extracted and analysed using thematic synthesis. Experiences of poverty stigma were found to be associated with four broad aspects of mental health and well‐being: negative self‐evaluations, diminished social well‐being, negative affect, and mental ill‐health. Several forms of poverty stigma, including self, received, perceived, anticipated, and endorsed stigma were implicated in these associations. Poverty stigma may contribute to inequalities in mental illness and well‐being, although further quantitative and longitudinal research is required to test its impact on mental health.
Composition and Chemical Variability of the Essential Oil from Aerial Parts of Cladanthus scariosus, an Endemic Species to the Moroccan High Atlas
Authors: El Hafidi Souad , Bakhy Khadija , Ouhssine Mohammed , Benzakour Abderrahim , Khamar Hamid , Casanova Joseph , Paoli Mathieu , Tomi Félix 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCladanthus scariosus (Ball) Oberpr. & Vogt is endemic to Moroccan High Atlas. It is known under the vernacular names Irezghi or Irezgui. Three essential oil samples have been isolated from aerial parts and analyzed by combination of chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques [gas chromatography (GC) in combination with retention indices (RI), gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and 13C‐NMR spectroscopy]. The compositions of oil samples were dominated by monoterpenes: α‐pinene sabinene, and terpinen‐4‐ol. Chamazulene and dihydrochamazulene isomers as well as various hemiterpene esters and analogs have been identified. To evidence a chemical variability, statistical analysis performed on 13 oil sample compositions allowed partitioning into three groups, mainly differentiated by their contents of sabinene, camphor, borneol, terpinen‐4‐ol, and germacrene D.
Density functional theory simulation of heterogeneous polymerization reactions during biomass hydrothermal carbonization
Authors: Xue Qiao , Wang Ruikun , Meng Shu , Tan Shiteng , Zhao Zhenghui , Yin Qianqian , Li Huan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCarbonaceous microspheres formed through heterogeneous polymerization reactions during hydrothermal carbonization of biomass showed a considerable effect on the mass yield and physicochemical properties of hydrochar. In exploring the growth mechanism of carbonaceous microspheres, the heterogeneous polymerization reaction of four typical organic components (5‐hydroxymethylfurfural, furfural, phenol, and p‐xylene) with the surficial functional groups of carbonaceous microspheres was investigated using density functional theory (DFT). Nucleophilic addition and dehydration are the main forms of polymerization reactions, and the former shows a lower reaction energy barrier than the latter by 100 kJ/mol, indicating that the nucleophilic addition reactions likely occur compared to dehydration reactions. And phenol likely promotes the growth of microspheres. In addition, the surficial furan ring structure of carbonaceous microspheres opened through ring opening, hydrogen atom transfer, and molecular space structure conversion in sequence. Among these reaction steps, the furan ring opening through hydration was the rate‐limiting reaction step, which showed the highest energy barrier with a value of 394.51 kJ/mol. However, the ring opening of furan rings could form more active sites, such as carbonyl groups, for subsequent polymerization reactions, indicating an increased potential for further reactions with aqueous‐phase organic components.
Integrating Carbohydrate and C1 Utilization for Chemicals Production
Authors: Willers Vivian Pascal , Beer Barbara , Sieber Volker 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn the face of increasing mobility and energy demand, as well as the mitigation of climate change, the development of sustainable and environmentally friendly alternatives to fossil fuels will be one of the most important tasks facing humankind in the coming years. In order to initiate the transition from a petroleum‐based economy to a new, greener future, biofuels and synthetic fuels have great potential as they can be adapted to already common processes. Thereby, especially synthetic fuels from CO2 and renewable energies are seen as the next big step for a sustainable and ecological life. In our study, we directly address the sustainable production of the most common biofuel, ethanol, and the highly interesting next‐generation biofuel, isobutanol, from methanol and xylose, which are directly derivable from CO2 and lignocellulosic waste streams, respectively, such integrating synthetic fuel and biofuel production. After enzyme and reaction optimization, we succeeded in producing either 3 g L−1 ethanol or 2 g L−1 isobutanol from 7.5 g L−1 xylose and 1.6 g L−1 methanol. In our cell‐free enzyme system, C1‐compounds are efficiently combined and fixed by the key enzyme transketolase and converted to the intermediate pyruvate. This opens the way for a hybrid production of biofuels, platform chemicals and fine chemicals from CO2 and lignocellulosic waste streams as alternative to conventional routes depending solely either on CO2 or sugars.
Fine‐needle aspiration biopsy diagnosis of histiocyte‐rich rhabdomyoblastic tumor (inflammatory leiomyosarcoma): A case report
Authors: McHugh Kelsey E. , Kilpatrick Scott E. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractHistiocyte‐rich rhabdomyoblastic tumor (HRRMT) is an exceedingly rare soft tissue tumor of primitive myogenic differentiation. We report herein a case involving the soft tissue in the left lateral peri‐scapular region in a 68‐year‐old female with a 2‐month history of a non‐painful soft tissue mass. Ultrasound revealed a solid, ovoid subcutaneous mass lesion that lacked significant internal vascularity. Percutaneous fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy with concomitant core needle biopsy was performed, and a diagnosis of HRRMT was rendered. Cytologic smears were hypercellular, composed of a mixture of foamy histiocytes and a variably cohesive population of epithelioid and plasmacytoid to vaguely spindled cells in cohesive clusters and singly dispersed. Histologic material showed sheets of epithelioid and plasmacytoid to spindled cells with admixed foamy histiocytes with distended, vacuolated cytoplasm. To our knowledge, this is the first reported example of HRRMT evaluated by FNA biopsy.
A new GTSeq resource to facilitate multijurisdictional research and management of walleye Sander vitreus
Authors: Euclide Peter T. , Larson Wesley A. , Bootsma Matthew , Miller Loren M. , Scribner Kim T. , Stott Wendylee , Wilson Chris C. , Latch Emily K. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractConservation and management professionals often work across jurisdictional boundaries to identify broad ecological patterns. These collaborations help to protect populations whose distributions span political borders. One common limitation to multijurisdictional collaboration is consistency in data recording and reporting. This limitation can impact genetic research, which relies on data about specific markers in an organism's genome. Incomplete overlap of markers between separate studies can prevent direct comparisons of results. Standardized marker panels can reduce the impact of this issue and provide a common starting place for new research. Genotyping‐in‐thousands (GTSeq) is one approach used to create standardized marker panels for nonmodel organisms. Here, we describe the development, optimization, and early assessments of a new GTSeq panel for use with walleye (Sander vitreus) from the Great Lakes region of North America. High genome‐coverage sequencing conducted using RAD capture provided genotypes for thousands of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). From these markers, SNP and microhaplotype markers were chosen, which were informative for genetic stock identification (GSI) and kinship analysis. The final GTSeq panel contained 500 markers, including 197 microhaplotypes and 303 SNPs. Leave‐one‐out GSI simulations indicated that GSI accuracy should be greater than 80% in most jurisdictions. The false‐positive rates of parent‐offspring and full‐sibling kinship identification were found to be low. Finally, genotypes could be consistently scored among separate sequencing runs >94% of the time. Results indicate that the GTSeq panel that we developed should perform well for multijurisdictional walleye research throughout the Great Lakes region.
Chia seeds (Salvia hispanica L.): A therapeutic weapon in metabolic disorders
Authors: Khalid Waseem , Arshad Muhammad Sajid , Aziz Afifa , Rahim Muhammad Abdul , Qaisrani Tahira Batool , Afzal Fareed , Ali Anwar , Ranjha Muhammad Modassar Ali Nawaz , Khalid Muhammad Zubair , Anjum Faqir Muhammad 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe growth of functional components containing agricultural foods is enhancing because these components aid the human body against different chronic diseases. Currently, chia seeds basically belong to the mint family and are edible seeds of Salvia hispanica. These seeds are composed of different functional components including fiber, polyphenols, antioxidants, omega‐3 fatty acid vitamins, minerals, and peptides. Besides, these seeds are also a good source of vegetable protein, unsaturated fat, carbohydrates, and ash. Chia seed components are helpful in cardiovascular disease (CVD) by reducing blood pressure, platelet aggregation, cholesterol, and oxidation. In GI‐tract‐related diseases like diabetes and constipation, chia fiber reduces the blood glucose level and provides bulk to stool. However, antioxidants and polyphenols are protected beta cells of the pancreas from inflammation. These components are protected from the cell damage of the different body parts, which can provide help in different types of cancer including breast, colorectal, liver, and pancreatic. Conclusively, some pervious studies approved that chia seed components are played important role in chronic diseases.
Data rescue process in the context of sea level reconstructions: An overview of the methodology, lessons learned, up‐to‐date best practices and recommendations
Authors: Latapy Alexa , Ferret Yann , Testut Laurent , Talke Stefan , Aarup Thorkild , Pons Frederic , Jan Gwenaele , Bradshaw Elizabeth , Pouvreau Nicolas 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCoastal water level measurements represent one of the earliest geophysical measurements and allow an assessment of historical sea level rise and trends in tides, river flow and storm surge. However, recovery and digitization of archival tidal records have been much less widespread and systematic than, for example meteorological records. In this contribution, we discuss data rescue efforts and lessons learned in France, the United States and the United Kingdom, countries with early and extensive tide gauge networks by the mid‐19th century. We highlight the importance of (a) cataloguing the historical gauge records, as a first step towards locating them; (b) locating data in archives, and then recovering and saving data by any means necessary, including photographs and scanning; (c) obtaining metadata, including both quantitative survey records, gauge checks and clock data, but also qualitative records such as gauge notes, letters and reports; and (d) quantitative statistical analysis of data and datum quality, using both standard data‐entry checks but also tools that leverage the unique predictability of tide measurements. Methods for digitizing original analogue records are also discussed, including semi‐automatic, computer‐based methods of digitizing tidal charts (marigrams). Although the current best practice is described, future improvements are desirable and needed to make the more than estimated 10,000 station years of unused, undigitized records available to the scientific community.
Semantic context‐aware attention UNET for lung cancer segmentation and classification
Authors: Balachandran Sangeetha , Ranganathan Vidhyapriya 
Published: December 2022

AbstractLung cancer is a serious type of cancer, leading to increased mortality to death in both men and women as the symptoms are noticed only at later stages. Life span of individuals' may be extended if lung cancer is detected in its early stages. One of the imaging modalities used to diagnose lung cancer is computed tomography (CT). A nodule or mass is a small abnormal growth observed in a lung CT scan that, in most cases, may turn out to be benign. A computer‐aided system is essential to help physicians in precisely diagnosing the disease. The main objective of this work is to detect and classify the nodules in the lung CT scan images as benign or malignant. A context‐aware attention UNET architecture is proposed to segment the nodule from the lung CT scan image. Further, the segmented nodule is classified as benign or malignant using a Convolutional Neural Network architecture. The experiments are performed using the LUNA 16 and LIDC‐IDRI lung CT scan image datasets. From the results obtained, it is observed that the context‐aware attention UNET shows a noteworthy improvement in the following metrics: Dice Score, Sensitivity, Specificity, and F‐Measure. A significant improvement is obtained compared to the existing systems in detecting the lesion as a benign nodule or malignant nodule. Further, an ablation study is performed to validate the significance of each component in the architecture. The experimental results have reported 98.81% and 99.15% for specificity and sensitivity, respectively, and therefore the proposed system has potential clinical value in the detection of lung cancer.
Digitization, digitalization, and digital transformation in accounting, electronic commerce, and supply chains
Authors: O'Leary Daniel E. 
Published: December 2022

SummaryThis paper provides some basic definitions associated with digital transformation in organizations and applies those definitions to accounting, electronic commerce, and supply chains. I also drill down on the dimensions associated with digital transformation, including digital everywhere, integration (across applications and with customers and partners), and the need to reengineer processes. I examine several examples of processes ranging from digitization to digital transformation. I also examine the role of people in digitally transformed organizations and some technologies that are important to continued evolution of digitally transformed organizations. Further, we explore a number of scenarios of digital transformation. Finally, these investigations result in the determination of a number of emerging research issues.
Optimizing the classification of biological tissues using machine learning models based on polarized data
Authors: Rodríguez Carla , Estévez Irene , González‐Arnay Emilio , Campos Juan , Lizana Angel 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPolarimetric data is nowadays used to build recognition models for the characterization of organic tissues or the early detection of some diseases. Different Mueller matrix‐derived polarimetric observables, which allow a physical interpretation of a specific characteristic of samples, are proposed in literature to feed the required recognition algorithms. However, they are obtained through mathematical transformations of the Mueller matrix and this process may loss relevant sample information in search of physical interpretation. In this work, we present a thorough comparative between 12 classification models based on different polarimetric datasets to find the ideal polarimetric framework to construct tissues classification models. The study is conducted on the experimental Mueller matrices images measured on different tissues: muscle, tendon, myotendinous junction and bone; from a collection of 165 ex‐vivo chicken thighs. Three polarimetric datasets are analyzed: (A) a selection of most representative metrics presented in literature; (B) Mueller matrix elements; and (C) the combination of (A) and (B) sets. Results highlight the importance of using raw Mueller matrix elements for the design of classification models.