bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abrusamide H Impairs the Secretion of the Cytokines in RAW264.7 Cells and the Inflammatory Infiltration in Tail Transection‐Induced Zebrafish
Authors: Liu Roujia , Zhou Feirong , Yu Jiaxian , Wei Xinru , Liu Xiangying , Yuan Xujiang , Yu Chuqin 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAbrus mollis Hance (Leguminosae) has a variety of biological activities, including anti‐inflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial, antiviral, and antitumor activities. However, the specific substances responsible for the anti‐inflammatory effects are unknown. Abrusamide H (BJBS) is a truxillic acid derivative obtained from the leaves of Abrus mollis Hance and has potential anti‐inflammatory effects. In this study, we aimed to estimate the potential effect and mechanism of BJBS in inflammation by establishing lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐stimulated RAW264.7 cells in vitro and an injured zebrafish tail fin in vivo. The RAW264.7 cells were treated with different concentrations of BJBS after LPS stimulation. The production of nitric oxide (NO) was detected by Griess reaction, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were detected by an ROS assay kit. The levels of proinflammatory cytokines, including interleukin 6 (IL‐6), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF‐α), interleukin 1β (IL‐1β), and interleukin 18 (IL‐18) were measured by ELISA. Results showed that BJBS at all concentrations inhibited the proliferation of RAW264.7 macrophages after LPS stimulation by cell counting kit‐8 and the production of NO and ROS. In the BJBS treatment group, the levels of IL‐6, TNF‐α, IL‐1β, and IL‐18 decreased in a concentration‐dependent manner. The results in vivo showed that no significant difference in the survival of zebrafish between the BJBS and blank groups and BJBS inhibited the migration and aggregation of zebrafish neutrophils in a dose‐dependent manner in inflammation induced by tail transection‐induced inflammation. In conclusion, BJBS inhibited the production of NO and ROS, decreased the levels of secreted IL‐6, TNF‐α, IL‐1β, and IL‐18, and reduced the migration and aggregation of zebrafish neutrophils.
Tracheo‐esophageal fistula and pleural empyema in the course of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection—A case report
Authors: Kubik Hanna , Smyła Wiktoria , Herba Mikołaj , Białka Szymon , Rydel Mateusz 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe report a 49‐year‐old patient with COVID‐19 who developed lung abscess, pleural empyema, and tracheo‐esophageal fistula. He underwent cervicotomy, segmental tracheal resection, esophageal‐tracheal fistula excision, and suturing the esophagus, and a classic thoracotomy was performed. Despite the severe infection, the patient was discharged home after successful surgical treatment.
MIL‐53(Fe)‐derived ant nest structured porous carbon nanospheres CuFeS2/C for the determination of atropine enantiomeric impurity L‐hyoscyamine
Authors: Zhu Jiashuai , Li Kang 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn this work, an ant nest structured porous carbon nanosphere had been developed for the recognition detection of the atropine (ATP) enantiomers D‐hyoscyamine (D‐HSM) and L‐hyoscyamine (L‐HSM). Firstly, Fe‐based organic framework was used as the substrate, and Cu ions and sulfur ions were separately introduced to obtain CuFeS2 with ant nest structure by hydrothermal incubation. Then CuFeS2/C porous nanospheres (PNSs) were obtained by high‐temperature calcination. The composite‐modified electrode exhibited superior electrochemical performance for L‐HSM due to the synergistic effect of CuFeS2 cubic crystals and porous carbon, which has the high specific surface area of the ant nest structure. In addition, the molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) about L‐HSM formed with sulfonated‐β‐cyclodextrin (S‐β‐CD) and L‐arginine (L‐Arg) by cyclic voltammetry showed strong chiral recognition of D/L‐HSM (ATP). Therefore, a novel electrochemical sensor was constructed based on CuFeS2/C PNSs and MIP to detect L‐HSM by differential pulse voltammetry. Under the optimal conditions, the peak current density of L‐HSM showed a good linearity in the concentration range of 0.02–4.6 μM with LOD and LOQ of 0.45 and 1.5 nM, respectively. The oxidation peaks of L‐HSM and D‐HSM were successfully identified from the racemic ATP, and the oxidation peak potential difference (ΔEp) between them was 0.138 V. In conclusion, the sensor showed excellent reproducibility, repeatability, and stability and had been applied to the determination of L‐HSM in human serum, saliva, and ATP sulfate tablets with satisfactory results.
Electrode experimental study of optimal tourmaline powders for filtration enhancement
Authors: Zheng Jiawen , He Weidong , Guo Yinghe , Shen Ruiqing , Liu Jingxian 
Published: October 2022

AbstractTourmaline (TM) has received extensive interest in the purification field due to its unique spontaneous polarization. In this paper, the effects of three sizes of purified TM samples on the air filters were studied. The electrode performance of TM samples was investigated using piezoelectric and pyro‐electric experiments. The results show an electrode from the 0.074 mm separated TM had the superior property. Three types of TM powders with the highest B2O3% content were adhered to the filter to evaluate the filtration performance. Elbaite 0.074 mm with 9.34 B2O3% content had the optimal filtration efficiency when the pressure drop increased slightly. The Rietveld method was used to refine the samples X‐Ray diffraction patterns to obtain the crystal structure. The electrostatic adsorption caused by the TM spontaneous polarization contributes to improving the filtration property of the filter materials.
Bioinspired Fluorescent Polymers: Synthesis, Processing, and Applications†
Authors: Xu Hongxue , Zhang Wei , Wang Mingfeng 
Published: October 2022

Comprehensive SummaryThe discovery of fluorescent proteins has inspired a lot of interest to develop synthetic polymers with similar structures and functionalities. In this review article, we first give a brief introduction for the discovery, the structural characteristics and optical properties of fluorescent proteins, using green fluorescent protein (GFP) as an example. In the body part of article, we summarize recent advances in molecular design, synthesis and processing of bioinspired fluorescent polymers with unique optical properties such as high fluorescence quantum yield and robust photostability. Several major approaches highlighted here include the recombination of organic chromophores and proteins, and synthesis of the bioinspired polymers containing a single fluorophore in each polymer chain. The optical properties and applications of some representative bioinspired fluorescent polymers in bioimaging, sensing and imaging‐guided therapy are also elucidated.
Realizing Stable Carbonate Electrolytes in Li–O2/CO2 Batteries†
Authors: Chen Kai , Du Jia‐Yi , Wang Jin , Yang Dong‐Yue , Chu Jiang‐Wei , Chen Hao , Zhang Hao‐Ran , Huang Gang , Zhang Xin‐Bo 
Published: October 2022

Comprehensive SummaryThe increasing demand for high‐energy storage systems has propelled the development of Li‐air batteries and Li‐O2/CO2 batteries to elucidate the mechanism and extend battery life. However, the high charge voltage of Li2CO3 accelerates the decomposition of traditional sulfone and ether electrolytes, thus adopting high‐voltage electrolytes in Li‐O2/CO2 batteries is vital to achieve a stable battery system. Herein, we adopt a commercial carbonate electrolyte to prove its excellent suitability in Li‐O2/CO2 batteries. The generated superoxide can be captured by CO2 to form less aggressive intermediates, stabilizing the carbonate electrolyte without reactive oxygen species induced decomposition. In addition, this electrolyte permits the Li metal plating/stripping with a significantly improved reversibility, enabling the possibility of using ultra‐thin Li anode. Benefiting from the good rechargeability of Li2CO3, less cathode passivation, and stabilized Li anode in carbonate electrolyte, the Li‐O2/CO2 battery demonstrates a long cycling lifetime of 167 cycles at 0.1 mA·cm–2 and 0.25 mAh·cm–2. This work paves a new avenue for optimizing carbonate‐based electrolytes for Li‐O2 and Li‐O2/CO2 batteries.
Effects of the 5′‐Triphosphate Metabolites of Ribavirin, Sofosbuvir, Vidarabine, and Molnupiravir on CTP Synthase Catalysis and Filament Formation: Implications for Repurposing Antiviral Agents against SARS‐CoV‐2
Authors: Gillis Thomas D. , Bearne Stephen L. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractRepurposing of antiviral drugs affords a rapid and effective strategy to develop therapies to counter pandemics such as COVID‐19. SARS‐CoV‐2 replication is closely linked to the metabolism of cytosine‐containing nucleotides, especially cytidine‐5′‐triphosphate (CTP), such that the integrity of the viral genome is highly sensitive to intracellular CTP levels. CTP synthase (CTPS) catalyzes the rate‐limiting step for thede novobiosynthesis of CTP. Hence, it is of interest to know the effects of the 5′‐triphosphate (TP) metabolites of repurposed antiviral agents on CTPS activity. UsingE. coliCTPS as a model enzyme, we show that ribavirin‐5′‐TP is a weak allosteric activator of CTPS, while sofosbuvir‐5′‐TP and adenine−arabinofuranoside‐5′‐TP are both substrates. β‐d‐N4‐Hydroxycytidine‐5′‐TP is a weak competitive inhibitor relative to CTP, but induces filament formation by CTPS. Alternatively, sofosbuvir‐5′‐TP prevented CTP‐induced filament formation. These results reveal the underlying potential for repurposed antivirals to affect the activity of a critical pyrimidine nucleotide biosynthetic enzyme.
The comparative evaluation of the effects of quercetin, α‐tocopherol, and chlorhexidine dentin pretreatments on the durability of universal adhesives
Authors: Moradian Marzieh , Saadat Maryam , Sohrabniya Fatemeh , Afifian Mohammad 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the effects of chlorhexidine, quercetin, and α‐tocopherol on the shear bond strength of universal adhesives in the short (24h) and long term (6 months).Material and MethodsNinety‐six extracted sound molars were collected and divided randomly into four groups: control (no treatment), 2% chlorhexidine, 10% α‐tocopherol, and 1% quercetin. The solutions were prepared and applied to the teeth for 60 s, followed by application of All‐Bond universal adhesive and composite build‐up. Half of the specimens in each group (n = 12) were tested for shear bond strength (SBS) after 24 h of storage and the other half were kept in distilled water for 6 months and then tested for shear bond strength. The shear bond strength test was performed and the failure modes were determined using a stereomicroscope. The data were analyzed using two‐way analysis of variance and Tukey's post hoc tests with p ˂ .05 as the significance level.ResultsThe results of the two‐way analysis of variance test showed that there was no significant difference in immediate SBS, and after 6 months, α‐tocopherol had the lowest SBS in comparison to the control and CHX subgroups (p < .05). The t‐test showed that the shear bond strength in the α‐tocopherol and quercetin groups was significantly decreased after 6 months.ConclusionIt can be concluded that the solutions used in this study had no adverse effect on immediate SBS. After 6 months, the CHX could preserve SBS in comparison to other groups.
Biomarker profiles in heart failure with preserved vs. reduced ejection fraction: results from the DIAST‐CHF study
Authors: Eidizadeh Abass , Schnelle Moritz , Leha Andreas , Edelmann Frank , Nolte Kathleen , Werhahn Stefanie Maria , Binder Lutz , Wachter Rolf 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAimsChronic heart failure (HF) is a common disease and one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) are different diseases with distinct as well as comparable pathophysiologies and diverse responses to therapeutic agents. We aimed to identify possible pathobiochemical signalling pathways and biomarkers in HFpEF and HFrEF by using a broad proteomic approach.Methods and resultsA total of 180 biomarkers in the plasma of a representative subgroup (71 years old) of HFpEF (70% female) with a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≥ 50% and HFrEF (18% female) with an LVEF ≤ 40% patients (n = 127) from the Prevalence and Clinical Course of Diastolic Dysfunction and Diastolic Heart Failure (DIAST‐CHF) trial were examined and compared with a healthy control group (n = 40; 48% female). We were able to identify 35 proteins that were expressed significantly different in both HF groups compared with the control group. We determine 29 unique proteins expressed in HFpEF and 33 unique proteins in HFrEF. Significantly up‐regulated trefoil factor 3 (TFF3) and down‐regulated contactin‐1 could be identified as previously unknown biomarkers for HF. However, TFF3 is also a predictive factor for the occurrence of a cardiovascular event in HFpEF patients. In HFpEF, serine protease 27 was found at reduced levels for the first time, which could offer a new therapeutic target. Additionally, network analyses showed a special role of platelet‐derived growth factor subunit A, Dickkopf‐related protein 1, and tumour necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 6 in HFpEF patients, whereas perlecan and junctional adhesion molecule A stood out in the HFrEF group. Overall, signalling pathways of metabolic processes, cellular stress, and iron metabolism seemed to be important for HFrEF, whereas for HFpEF, oxygen stress, haemostasis, cell renewal, cell migration, and cell proliferation are in the foreground.ConclusionsThe identified proteins and signalling pathways offer new therapeutic and diagnostic approaches for patients with chronic HF.
Long term changes in health‐related quality of life for people with heart failure: the ECHOES study
Authors: Roalfe Andrea K. , Taylor Clare J. , Hobbs F.D. Richard 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAimsHeart failure (HF) impairs all aspects of health‐related quality of life (HRQoL), but little is known about the effect of developing HF on HRQoL over time. We aimed to report changes in HRQoL over a 13‐year period.Methods and resultsHRQoL was measured in the Echocardiographic Heart of England Screening (ECHOES) study and the ECHOES‐X follow‐up study (N = 1618) using the SF‐36 questionnaire (Version 1). Mixed modelling compared changes in HRQoL across diagnostic groups, adjusting for potential predictors and design variables. Patients who had developed HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) or HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) at rescreening had significantly greater reduction in physical functioning (PF) and role physical (RP) scores compared with those without HF; adjusted mean difference in PF: HFrEF −16.1, [95% confidence interval (CI) −22.2 to −10.1]; HFpEF −14.6, (95% CI −21.2 to −8.1); in RP: HFrEF −20.7, (95% CI −31.8 to −9.7); HFpEF −19.3, (95% CI −31.0 to −7.6). Changes in HRQoL of those with a HF diagnosis at baseline and rescreen, with exception of role emotion, were similar to those without HF but started from a much lower baseline score.ConclusionsPeople with a new diagnosis of HF at rescreening had a significant reduction in HRQoL. Conversely, for those with HF detected on initial screening, little change was observed in HRQoL scores on rescreening. Further research is required to understand the development of HF over time and to test interventions designed to prevent decline in HRQoL, potentially through earlier diagnosis and treatment optimization.
Women of Color
Authors: Zavella Patricia 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis keyword entry explores the multiple genealogies of the termwomen of colorand the ways in which social activism, anti‐coloniality, and solidarity movements produced the term. By situating the multiple genealogies ofwomen of color, the article demonstrates both its political potential for addressing forms of silencing and erasure about the experiences and scholarship by women of color through an intersectionality approach. The essay offers examples of how attention to intersectionality offers nuanced understandings of women of color experiences as well as how ethnographic methods can become more attuned to our interlocutors and our own experiences as researchers.
Effect of glutathione and α‐tocopherol on coriander green fruits essential oil
Authors: Khalid Khalid A. , Ahmed Aisha M. A. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractCoriander essential oil has several biological characters those make it an important place as a source of natural product. Due to the lack of natural products, many essential oil compounds are imitated by others made of cheap chemicals, which studies have shown to have a great danger to human health. From this point of view, it is necessary to search for new ways to increase natural products, the most important of which are essential oils. One of these methods is the use of bioregulators to modify the production of essential oil and its components to increase its biological use area. Thus, the variations of coriander green fruits essential oil were evaluated under different rates of glutathione and α‐tocopherol to determine the possibility of using them in the production of essential oil from coriander green fruits. Coriander plants were treated during cultivation at rates of glutathione (0, 0.2, 0.4 and 0.6 g L−1) without or with α‐tocopherol (0.4 g L−1). Green fruits essential oil was separated by hydro‐distillation and analysed by gas chromatography and gas chromatography/Mass spectrometry; data were statistically analysed by two ways analysis of variance. Plants treated with 0.6 g L−1 glutathione with α‐tocopherol gave the maximum values of green fruits yield and essential oil content (% and yield per plant). The major essential oil constituents were linalool, undecan‐3‐ol and yomogi alcohol; while oxygenated monoterpenes were the main fractions. Plants exposed to glutathione with α‐tocopherol doses resulted in higher values of major components and main fraction than those subjected to glutathione rates. This trial ascertained that the subordination of coriander plants to glutathione and α‐tocopherol rates led to variations in green fruits essential oil, and this, in turn, affected its biological activities.
Holocene landscape evolution in northern Henan Province and its implications for archaeological surveys
Authors: Qin Zhen , Storozum Michael J. , Liu Haiwang , Kidder Tristram R. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe heartlands of many of the world's civilizations are situated within alluvial plains, where thick alluvial sediments obscure much of the archaeological record. However, the use of alluvial geoarchaeology remains patchy, particularly in the world's largest alluvial basins. We present results from our geoarchaeological survey at Neihuang County, Henan Province, China, as an example for alluvial geoarchaeological research in the North China Plain and to develop a generalized framework for landscape evolution in the area during the Holocene. We reconstruct the alluvial history of the area around Neihuang County by synthesizing stratigraphic data from seven outcrops into distinct depositional units. Our findings suggest that much of the archaeological record in the North China Plain is buried by meters of sediment or eroded away by the ancient channels of the Yellow River and other tributary streams. Therefore, the presence of buried archaeological sites and river scour in recorded outcrops suggests that the nonsystematic archaeological surveys that are commonly used to interpret cultural changes are not accurate reflections of archaeological site distributions. From the results of this case study, we recommend that archaeologists and paleoclimatologists should exercise more caution when using settlement distribution data gathered through nonsystematic pedestrian surveys to make inferences about ancient processes of cultural change or social dynamics in the North China Plain.
Quantifying golf course nitrogen use efficiency
Authors: Bekken Michael A. H. , Soldat Douglas J. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundPrevious studies have surveyed golf courses to determine nitrogen (N) fertilizer application rates on golf courses, but no previous studies have attempted to quantify how efficiently golf courses use nitrogen.MethodsThis study tests the ability of the growth potential (GP) N Requirement model as a benchmarking tool to predict a target level of N use on 76 golf courses in 5 regions of the US (Midwest, Northeast, East Texas, Florida, Northwest) and 3 countries in Europe (Denmark, Norway, UK).ResultsThe ratio of the golf course‐wide N application rate to the GP N requirement prediction (termed the nitrogen efficiency score or NES) was 0.27, indicating that golf courses used 73% less N than predicted by the model. As such, the GP N Requirement model needs to be recalibrated to predict N use on golf courses. This was achieved by adjusting the Nmax coefficient in the model. N rates on golf courses were widely variable both within and across regions. All regions had a coefficient of variation in N rates of 0.46 or greater.ConclusionsThe high variation in N rates, which is largely unexplained by climate, economic factors, grass type, and soil type, may be indicative of inefficient N use in golf course management.
Molecular characterization of SARS‐CoV‐2 from the saliva of patients in the Republic of Korea in 2020
Authors: Gu Se Hun , Song Dong Hyun , Yun Hyeongseok , Kim Jung‐Eun , Lee Seung‐Ho , Lee Hyunjin , Lee Tae Ho , Kang Seol Muk , Jung Yu Sub , Hur Gyeunghaeng , Lee Daesang 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackground and aimsDespite global vaccination efforts, the number of confirmed cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) remains high. To overcome the crisis precipitated by the ongoing pandemic, characteristic studies such as virus diagnosis, isolation, and genome analysis of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) are necessary. Herein, we report the isolation and molecular characterization of SARS‐CoV‐2 from the saliva of patients who had tested positive for COVID‐19 at Proving Ground in Taean County, Republic of Korea, in 2020.MethodsWe analyzed the whole‐genome sequence of SARS‐CoV‐2 isolated from the saliva samples of patients through next‐generation sequencing. We also successfully isolated SARS‐CoV‐2 from the saliva samples of two patients by using cell culture, which was used to study the cytopathic effects and viral replication in Vero E6 cells.ResultsWhole‐genome sequences of the isolates, SARS‐CoV‐2 ADD‐2 and ADD‐4, obtained from saliva were identical, and phylogenetic analysis using Bayesian inference methods showed SARS‐CoV‐2 GH clade (B.1.497) genome‐specific clustering. Typical coronavirus‐like particles, with diameters of 70–120 nm, were observed in the SARS‐CoV‐2 infected Vero E6 cells using transmission electron microscopy.ConclusionIn conclusion, this report provides insights into the molecular diagnosis, isolation, genetic characteristics, and diversity of SARS‐CoV‐2 isolated from the saliva of patients. Further studies are needed to explore and monitor the evolution and characteristics of SARS‐CoV‐2 variants.