bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early Psychosis Intervention Programme in a Healthcare Area of Málaga: a descriptive study
Authors: Sánchez Martínez E. , Gómez Sanchez-Lafuente C. , Mulero Garcia A.B. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionThe first years after a first-episode psychosis are crucial, and a comprehensive approach is essential.ObjectivesOur objective is to observe the characteristics of patients attending Early Psychosis Intervention Programme in (PITP) of the Mental Health Clinical Management Unit (UGC) of the Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga between the years 2016-2020.MethodsData for this retrospective study were derived from 135 patients included in the PITP database between the years 2016-2020 from the Mental Health UGC of the Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga. Descriptive analysis was performed using SPSS 25.0. For the comparison of variables, Student’s t was used for quantitative variables and Chi square for dichotomous ones.Results68% of the patients were men, compared to 32% women. The mean age of the patients at the beginning of the Programme was 30.76 years. 85% were 40 years or younger. 67.4% lived with their family of origin. 58.5% of the patients have had at least one hospitalization in Psychiatry. 45.9% of the patients were smokers, 33.3% consumed alcohol and 59.3% consumed other drugs. From the patients who started the Programme, 38.5% continue with the follow-up, 22.2% were discharged and 39.3% abandoned it. More results will be presented on the poster.ConclusionsIn conclusion, the patients included in the PITP of our UGC present characteristics compatible with the current bibliography. The high percentage of withdrawal from the Programme stands out, this being a very important point to address and improve.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Electrophysiological characterization of schizophrenia-associated variants in NaV1.2 sodium channel
Authors: Suslova M. , Hautvast P. , Gaebler A. , Lampert A. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionA major pathophysiological hypothesis of schizophrenia states an increased activity of glutamatergic neurons leading to an imbalance of neural excitation and inhibition (E/I-imbalance). One potential molecular mechanism of E/I-imbalance is a dysfunction of voltage-gated sodium channels, which are crucial for the generation of action potentials, the fundamental event of neuronal excitation. Indeed, patients with schizophrenia exhibit an increased burden of rare exonic variants of sodium channel genes, but the literature describing their electrophysiological effect is scarce.ObjectivesThe aim of this project is to assess the functional impact of three mutations of the Sodium Voltage-Gated Channel Alpha Subunit 2 (SCN2A) gene / NaV1.2 channel which were identified in four patients with schizophrenia, using a heterologous expression system.MethodsThree variants of the human SCN2A gene (R850P, V1282F and S1656P) were created using site-directed mutagenesis. HEK293T cells transfected with either the mutant or wild type constructs are being investigated by voltage-clamp technique, applying activation, steady-state fast inactivation, use dependency and ramp protocols.ResultsAll three mutated constructs were successfully created. Preliminary recordings from the V1282F mutant indicate a shift of both the activation and steady-state fast inactivation to the hyperpolarized direction.ConclusionsIn a subgroup of patients, E/I imbalance may be a consequence of Nav1.2 mutations leading to increased excitability of glutamatergic neurons. By integrating insights from different mutations we aim to identify traits of a potentially shared disease pathway which may provide a basis for the development of novel therapeutics.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
The relationship between white matter integrity of superior longitudinal fascicle and cognitive functions in chronic schizophrenia
Authors: Tyburski E. , Podwalski P. , Mak M. , Michalczyk A. , Kucharska-Mazur J. , Samochowiec J. , Sagan L. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionSome evidence suggests that disruption of integrity in the superior longitudinal fascicle (SLF) may influence cognitive functions in chronic schizophrenia (CS) but the results are inconclusive.ObjectivesUsing diffusion tensor imaging tractography, we investigated the differences in fiber integrity between patients with CS and healthy controls (HC) together with the relationship between fiber integrity and cognitive functions.MethodsForty-two patients with CS and 32 HC took part in the study. Assessment of cognitive functions was performed using Measurement and Treatment Research to Improve Cognition in Schizophrenia.Resultsshowed group differences, left and right in fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) of the SLF, where patients showed less integrity than controls. Patients performed worse attention/vigilance, working memory, verbal learning, visual learning, reasoning and problem solving, and social cognition tasks than HC. However, when premorbid IQ and level of education were controlled for, the differences were no longer statistically significant in verbal learning and social cognition. In patients with CS, a positive correlation was found between FA of the left SLF and attention/vigilance and working memory. Moreover, in this group there was a negative correlation between MD of the left and right SLF and working memory and social cognition.ConclusionsThese findings provide evidence that SLF disruption appears in patients with CS and might account for impairment of cognitive functioning. This research was funded by the Polish Minister of Science and Higher Education’s program named “Regional Initiative of Excellence” number 002/RID/2018/2019 to the amount of 12 million PLN.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Catatonia; A Case Study and Literature Review
Authors: Ogunlela A. , Raai H. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionCatatonia is a state of apparent unresponsiveness to external stimuli in a person who is awake. More common in patients with unipolar major depression or bipolar disorder. Common signs: immobility, rigidity, mutism, posturing, excessive motor activity, stupor, negativism, staring, and echolalia. We will discuss a case of a 23 year old male with schizophrenia presented with catatonia and decompensation of his schizophrenia in the context of medication non-compliance. We will discuss findings from litrature pertaining to catatonia and treatment strategies.Objectives- To discuss catatonia, its incidence in different psychiatric disorders. - To discuss literature pertaining to catatonia. - To discuss different treatment strategiesMethods- Case studyResults- Signs of catatonia: immobility, mutism, withdrawal and refusal to eat, staring, negativism, posturing, rigidity, waxy flexibility/catalepsy, stereotypy, echolalia, or echopraxia, verbigeration. - Diagnosis: Clinical, Lorazepam challenge. Bush-Francis Catatonia Rating Scale (BFCRS) - BFCR scale is used as the screening tool. If 2 of the 14 are positive, prompts further evaluation and completion of the remaining 9 items. - Differential Diagnosis include; Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome, Serotoninergic Syndrome, Malignant Hyperthermia, Akinetic Mutism, Delirium, Parkinson’s disease. - Lorazepam can be scheduled at interval doses until the catatonia resolves. - ECT in combination with benzodiazepines is used to treat malignant catatonia. - Possible complications are Physical trauma, malignant catatonia (autonomic instability, life-threatening), dehydration, pneumonia, pressure ulcers due to immobility, muscle contractions, DVT, PEConclusionsPsychiatrists need to be diligent in evaluating patients with Catatonia for other comorbid psychiatric conditions, addressing these conditions and conducting a thorough assessment and prompt treatment.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Capgras syndrome and poor facial emotion recognition
Authors: Zrelli M. , Bergaoui E. , Staali N. , Moalla M. , Lansari R. , Larnaout A. , Melki W. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionCapgras syndrome is a disorder of personal identification characterized by the delusional belief that one or more persons close to the subject have been replaced by physically identical doubles.ObjectivesTo deepen our knowledge of the Capgras syndromeMethodsA case report about a Capgras syndrome.ResultsWe report the case of a 46-year-old female patient who was admitted in February 2021 for incoherent speech and behavior disorder against her family members. Three years ago, she started to have hypochondriacal concerns. A week before her admission, she threatened her husband with a knife and she was convinced that her daughters were dead and that they had been replaced by clowns. She had a Capgras delusion with a hallucinatory and interpretative mechanism against her daughters, she reported olfactory and cenesthetic hallucinations. Biological explorations and brain CT were normal. The PANNS scale showed a positive scale of 36, a negative scale of 39, the general psychopathology scale of 53. She had a total score of 30/40 on The Penn emotion recognition test. The patient had difficulty in recognizing low intensity emotions (0 or 1) and 50% of the false responses were for the neutral emotion with responses tending towards anger first and then sadness.Conclusions
Capgras syndrome remains poorly described in the literature and the hypotheses concerning its origin often oscillate between neuropsychological and psychodynamic. With the recent advances in neuroscience, it would be interesting to deepen its physiopathology in order to place it in a more modern nosological framework.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Convergent validity and ecological validity of the Test of Visual Perceptual Skills-4th Edition in people with schizophrenia
Authors: Chiu E.-C. , Lee Y.-C. , Lee S.-C. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionVisual perceptual deficit commonly occurs in people with schizophrenia. The Test of Visual Perceptual Skills-4th Edition (TVPS-4) is a motor-free visual perceptual measure, which includes seven subtests: visual discrimination, visual memory, spatial relationships, form constancy, sequential memory, visual figure-ground, and visual closure. However, convergent validity and ecological validity of the TVPS-4 is largely unknown, which limits its use in clinical and research settings.ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to examine convergent validity and ecological validity in people with schizophrenia.MethodsNinety-nine people with schizophrenia were assessed the TVPS-4, the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), the Behavioral Assessment of the Dysexecutive Syndrome (BADS), and the Activities of Daily Living Rating Scale III (ADLRS-III). To evaluate convergent validity, Pearson’s r were calculated among the TVPS-4 and two cognitive measures (the MMSE and the BADS). To evaluate ecological validity, we computed correlation (r) between the TVPS-4 and the ADLRS-III.ResultsThe TVPS-4 total score showed moderate correlations with two cognitive measures (r=0.65-0.70). The seven TVSP-4 domains revealed moderate correlations with two cognitive measures (r=0.42-0.69). Moderate correlation (r=0.56) was found between the TVPS-4 total score and the ADLRS-III. Moderate to high correlations (r=0.33-0.61) were noticed among the seven TVPS-4 domains and the ADLRS-III.ConclusionsThe TVPS-4 has good convergent validity and ecological validity in people with schizophrenia. The multiple domains of the TVPS-4 are useful to comprehensively identify visual perception deficits in people with schizophrenia. The TVPS-4 can adequately exhibit the degree of living independently in people with schizophrenia.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
cognitive complaints in schizophrenia: characteristics and relationship with insight
Authors: Bouhamed M. , Hentati S. , Bouaziz A. , Guermazi A. , Sallemi R. , Masmoudi J. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionPatients with schizophrenia suffer from cognitive difficulties expressed in the form of complaints as well as poor insight. The interaction of these two factors makes the management of these patients more difficult.ObjectivesTo assess subjective cognitive complaints in a population of schizophrenics and study its relationship to insight.MethodsOur study was a cross-sectional, descriptive, and analytical study of 72 stabilized schizophrenics followed up at the outpatient clinic. Subjective cognitive complaints were assessed by the SSTICS, clinical symptoms by the PANSS, and insight by the SAI-E.ResultsThe mean age of our population was 46.83± 11.6 years. The patients had a low socio-economic level in 70.1%. They were unemployed in 46.9% , consumed alcohol in 23.6%, and consumed tobacco in 58,6% of the cases. the total score on the PANSS scale was 46. They had an average score of 25 on the total SSTICS score and 20,1 on the SAI-E. Cognitive complaint scores were significantly correlated with improved insight (p=0,00),low socio-economic level (p=0.04),alcoholism (p=0.001) and smoking (p=0.01)ConclusionsCognitive complaints in schizophrenia could be influenced by the level of clinical insight and reflect a deep malaise, requiring a more targeted and optimized managementDisclosureNo significant relationships.
What Not To Do to Thrive in your Career?
Authors: Sartorius N. 
Published: September 2022

What not to do to thrive in your career The presentation will examine options that are usually available to psychiatrists during their training and early in their career and propose criteria which should be used to select or discard them. Among the criteria proposed – in addition to personal interest - should be the amount of time that engaging in a particular pursuit might take, the potential gain of the engagement later on in one’s career, the likelihood of expanding the circle of friends and acquaintances and several others.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
The first psychotic episode with religious delusion in adolescence and young adults: premanifest stage
Authors: Kaleda V. , Popovich U. , Romanenko N. , Gedevani E. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionThe study of the premanifest stages of the first psychotic episode with religious delusion is relevant due to the lack of clarity in differentiating normal religiosity from pathological and, as a consequence, a relatively longer period of an untreated psychotic state, which negatively affects both the course of the disease and its outcomes. Another important factor is the high risk of antisocial, autoaggressive and suicidal behavior at different stages of the disease.ObjectivesThe aim of the study is to identify the conditions for the formation of religious delusion in adolescence and young adults, to analyze the correlations between religiosity at the pre-manifest stage and the subsequent manifest psychotic episode with religious delusions of different content.MethodsThe 57 male patients at a young age (16-25 years) with a manifest psychotic episode (F20, F25 according to ICD-10) with religious delusion (delusion of sin (21,6 %), delusion of demonic possession (29,4 %), antagonistic and messianic delusion (39,2 %), oneiroid with religious content (9,8 %)) were studied with the clinical-psychopathological, psychometric (PAS) methods. The religiosity of patients in premorbid was assessed with the Duke University Religion Index (DUREL) questionnaire.ResultsOf greatest importance in the formation of psychotic episode with religious content is hereditary burden, premorbid personality structure, high scores on the PAS scale.ConclusionsThe presence or absence of religiosity in premorbid doesn’t matter to formation of psychotic episode with religious delusion.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Late onset schizophrenia and delusional disorder: activity of platelet energy, glutamate, and glutathione metabolizing enzymes
Authors: Pochueva V. , Savushkina O. , Boksha I. , Tereshkina E. , Prokhorova T. , Sheshenin V. , Vorobyeva E. , Burbaeva G. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionAlterations of glutamate, energy and glutathione metabolism contribute to the pathogenesis of psychotic disordersObjectivesRevealing clinical-biological correlations in patients with late onset schizophrenia and delusional disorder by determining clinical parameters and activity of platelet enzymes of energy, glutamate, and glutathione metabolism.Methods27 women of 45-80 years old were studied, with late onset schizophrenia or delusional disorder. Activity of platelet cytochrome c-oxidase (COX), glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST), and scores by PANSS, HAMD, MMSE, and CGI-S were evaluated twice: before and after the 28-th day of treatment. Activity of COX, GDH, GR, and GST was measured once in 23 women of 44-81 years old comprising the control group.ResultsAs compared with controls, only GDH activity was found significantly decreased (before and after treatment, p<0.001). Clusterisation of patients by enzymatic activities resulted in 3 clusters significantly different by COX, GDH and GST. Significant correlations were found between enzymatic activities and scores by psychometric scales: in the cluster 1 (n=9) baseline COX activity correlated with scores by PANSS positive subscale (R=0.9, p=0.001) and with scores by MMSE (R=-0.9, p=0.002); in the cluster 2 (n=12) GR activity after treatment negatively correlated with scores by PANSS (R=-0.9, p=0.001), PANSS negative subscale (R=-0.8, p=0.004), and CGI-S (R=-0.9, p=0.001).ConclusionsThe revealed correlations between enzymatic activities and clinical parameters give hope on detection of useful biochemical markers which, after enlargement of patients’ group with late onset psychotic disorders, would be validated for prediction of the pharmacotherapy efficiency and outcome of treatment.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
First episode-psychosis: Short- and long-term outcomes and related features predicting the transition to schizophrenia
Authors: Jabeur M. , Gassab L. , Boughamoura S. , Mhalla A. , Zaafrane F. , Gaha L. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionThe occurrence of a first episode-psychosis in adolescents or young adults represents a difficult struggle with an uncertain and divergent outcome, since the clinician does not have at his disposal the clinical elements sufficient to predict these different disease trajectories.ObjectivesOur aims are to describe the socio-demographic, clinical characteristics and the short and long-term outcomes of a first episode-psychosis and to identify the predictive factors of the transition to schizophrenia.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective study about 117 patients hospitalized for a first episode-psychosis in the Psychiatric Department of Monastir (Tunisia). Sociodemographic and clinical features were collected using a pre-established
form.ResultsFirst-episode psychosis affected young male subjects with low educational level. Stressors were present in 54.7%. An 8-week prodromal phase preceded the onset of the disorder in 59%. The disorder course included diagnosis of: Brief psychotic disorder (32.5%), schizophrenia (31.6%) and bipolar disorder (18.8%). The short-term outcome was characterized by a complete remission rate of 58.1% at 3 months and 37.6% at 6 months. The long-term outcome was marked by a high rate of lost to follow-up: 70.8% after 5 years. The transition to schizophrenia was linked to the presence of delirium of influence and the absence of favorable course at 3 months.ConclusionsOur results led to the identification of the profile of patients with a first episode-psychosis and the factors correlated with a diagnosis of schizophrenia. Indeed, the determination of risk factors would make it possible to adapt earlier the care.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Treatment and Qualitative Research of Schizophrenia
Authors: Ammon M. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionThe author demonstrates the psychodynamic understanding of schizophrenia and describes the ensuing personality-structural psychotherapy. Schizophrenia from a psychodynamic understanding is a disease in the core of the identity with disturbances of the personality functions of identity, ego-demarcation, aggression, fear, narcissism, perception, cognitive abilities and the body- ego. It is the concern of the author to investigate how schizophrenically structured patients and their family members experience the group dynamic field in which the patients grew up and its relations to the illness. The following five topics: contact and experiences within the family of childhood, body care and physical contact, kindergarden and school life, puberty, and contacts outside the family have been investigated.ObjectivesThe aim is to show how the family settings and backgrounds are conducive to developing schizophreniaMethodsThe author chosed for her investigation the method of biographical interviews, introduced by Witzel (1985). This method of interviewing is problem centered, object and process oriented. The analysis of the exhaustive tape-recorded interviews was made by using the method of qualitative analysis based on the grounded theory.ResultsSchizophrenia from psychodynamic understanding is a disease in the core of the identity with disturbances of the personality functions of identity, ego-demarcation, aggression, fear, narcissism, perception, cognitive abilities and the body- ego.ConclusionsIt is the concern of the author to investigate how schizophrenically structured patients and their family members experience the group dynamic social energetic field in which the patients grew up and its relations to the illnessDisclosureNo significant relationships.
The association between area-level residential instability and gray matter volume changes
Authors: Ku B. , Addington J. , Bearden C. , Cadenhead K. , Cannon T. , Compton M. , Cornblatt B. , Druss B. , Keshavan M. , Mathalon D. , Mcglashan T. , Perkins D. , Seidman L. , Stone W. , Tsuang M. , Woods S. , Walker E. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionArea-level residential instability (ARI), an index of social fragmentation, has been shown to explain the association between urbanicity and psychosis. Urban upbringing has been shown to be associated with decreased gray matter volumes (GMV)s of brain regions corresponding to the right caudal middle frontal gyrus (CMFG) and rostral anterior cingulate cortex (rACC).ObjectivesWe hypothesize that greater ARI will be associated with reduced right posterior CMFG and rACC GMVs.MethodsData were collected at baseline as part of the North American Prodrome Longitudinal Study. Counties where participants resided during childhood were geographically coded using the US Censuses to area-level factors. ARI was defined as the percentage of residents living in a different house five years ago. Generalized linear mixed models tested associations between ARI and GMVs.ResultsThis study included 29 HC and 64 CHR-P individuals who were aged 12 to 24 years, had remained in their baseline residential area, and had magnetic resonance imaging scans. ARI was associated with reduced right CMFG (adjusted β = -0.258; 95% CI = -0.502 – -0.015) and right rACC volumes (adjusted β = -0.318; 95% CI = -0.612 – -0.023). The interaction terms (ARI X diagnostic group) in the prediction of both brain regions were not significant, indicating that the relationships between ARI and regional brain volumes held for both CHR-P and HCs.ConclusionsLike urban upbringing, ARI may be an important social environmental characteristic that adversely impacts brain regions related to schizophrenia.DisclosureNo significant relationships.