bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Labor induction with oxytocin in pregnant rats is not associated with oxidative stress in the fetal brain
Authors: Giri Tusar , Jiang Jia , Xu Zhiqiang , McCarthy Ronald , Halabi Carmen M. , Tycksen Eric , Cahill Alison G. , England Sarah K. , Palanisamy Arvind 
Published: February 2022

AbstractDespite the widespread use of oxytocin for induction of labor, mechanistic insights into fetal/neonatal wellbeing are lacking because of the absence of an animal model that recapitulates modern obstetric practice. Here, we create and validate a hi-fidelity pregnant rat model that mirrors labor induction with oxytocin in laboring women. The model consists of an implantable preprogrammed microprocessor-controlled infusion pump that delivers a gradually escalating dose of intravenous oxytocin to induce birth at term gestation. We validated the model with molecular biological experiments on the uterine myometrium and telemetry-supported assessment of changes in intrauterine pressure. Finally, we applied this model to test the hypothesis that labor induction with oxytocin would be associated with oxidative stress in the newborn brain. Analysis of biomarkers of oxidative stress and changes in the expression of associated genes were no different between oxytocin-exposed and saline-treated pups, suggesting that oxytocin-induced labor was not associated with oxidative stress in the developing brain. Collectively, we provide a viable and realistic animal model for labor induction and augmentation with oxytocin that would enable new lines of investigation related to the impact of perinatal oxytocin exposure on the mother-infant dyad.
Association between social support and postpartum depression
Authors: Cho Hahyeon , Lee Kyeongmin , Choi Eunji , Cho Ha Na , Park Boyoung , Suh Mina , Rhee Yumie , Choi Kui Son 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPostpartum depression is common; however, little is known about its relationship to social support and postpartum depression. This study examined the association between them among South Korean women within one year of childbirth. This study was based on the 2016 Korean Study of Women’s Health-Related Issues (K-Stori), a cross-sectional survey employing nationally-representative random sampling. Participants were 1,654 postpartum women within a year of giving birth. Chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were conducted to analyze the associations between social support (and other covariates) and postpartum depression. Among participants, 266 (16.1%) had postpartum depression. Depending on the level of social support, 6.0%, 53.9%, and 40.1% of them had low, moderate, and high social support, respectively. Women with moderate or low social support were more likely to have postpartum depression (OR = 1.78, 95% CI = 1.26–2.53; OR = 2.76, 95% CI = 1.56–4.89). This trend was observed in participants with multiparity, pregnancy loss, obese body image, and employed women. Social support was associated with a decreased likelihood of postpartum depression, indicating the importance of social support, especially for women experiencing multiparity, pregnancy loss, negative body image, as well as for employed women.
Final results on the 13C(α,n)16O cross section at low energies at LUNA
Authors: Ciani Giovanni Francesc , Csedreki Laszlo , Rapagnani David , Best Andreas , Formicola Alba ,   LUNA collaboration
Published: February 2022

It is well established that the 13C(α, n)16O reaction (Q=2.215 MeV) is the major neutron source feeding the s-process in low mass (1−3M⊙) Asymptotic Giant Branch (AGB) stars. In the last decades, several measurements have been performed. Nevertheless, no dataset reaches the Gamow window (140 keV <Ec.m.<250 keV). This is due to the exponential drop of the cross section σ(E) with decreasing energy. The consequence is that the reaction rate becomes so low that the cosmic background becomes predominant in surface laboratories. A recent measurement was carried out in deep underground laboratory of Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (LNGS) in the framework of the LUNA experiment.
To measure the 13C(α, n)16O cross section at low energies, a multiple effort has been performed to suppress the background in the setup, to maximise the detector efficiency and to keep under control the target modification under an intense stable beam provided by the LUNA accelerator (<I>= 200 µA). Thanks to these accuracies, the 13C(α, n)16O cross section was measured in the center of mass energy range 230 keV <Ecm<305 keV with a maximum 20% overall uncertainty. This allowed to constrain the reaction rate at T=0.1 GK at 15% uncertainty and to lead the way for new possible astrophysical consequences.
First direct limit on the 395 keV resonance of the 22Ne(α, γ)26Mg reaction
Authors: Masha Eliana ,   for the LUNA collaboration
Published: February 2022

The 22Ne(α, γ)26Mg reaction (Q = 10614.74 keV) competes with the 22Ne(α, n)25Mg reaction (Q = −478.34 keV) which is the main source of neutrons for the s-process in low-mass Asymptotic Giant Branch and massive stars. The cross sections of these reactions are crucial to fix the cross over temperature at which (α, n) rate exceeds the (α, γ) one. Moreover, the uncertainty on the 22Ne(α, γ)26Mg reaction rate affects also the nucleosynthesis of isotopes between 26Mg and 31P in intermediate-mass stars.
At lower temperatures (T < 300 MK) where the (α, γ) channel is dominant, the rate of the 22Ne(α, γ)26Mg reaction is influenced by several resonances. The present study focuses on the Eα = 395 keV resonance which so far have been studied only indirectly leading to a wide range of possible values for its resonance strength (10−15 −10−9 eV).
The experiment has been completed at LUNA using the intense alpha beam of the LUNA 400 kV accelerator and a windowless differential-pumped gas target combined with a high efficiency BGO detector. Experimental details and preliminary results will be shown.
The dual role of martensitic transformation in fatigue crack growth
Authors: Wang Xiaogang , Liu Chenghuan , Sun Binhan , Ponge Dirk , Jiang Chao , Raabe Dierk 
Published: February 2022

Significance
About 90% of all mechanical service failures are caused by fatigue. Avoiding fatigue failure requires addressing the wide knowledge gap regarding the micromechanical processes governing damage under cyclic loading, which may be fundamentally different from that under static loading. This is particularly true for deformation-induced martensitic transformation (DIMT), one of the most common strengthening mechanisms for alloys. Here, we identify two antagonistic mechanisms mediated by martensitic transformation during the fatigue process through in situ observations and demonstrate the dual role of DIMT in fatigue crack growth and its strong crack-size dependence. Our findings open up avenues for designing fatigue-resistant alloys through optimal use of DIMT. They also enable the development of physically based lifetime prediction models with higher fidelity.
Adaptive benchmarking design for additive manufacturing processes
Authors: Spitaels Laurent , Rivière-Lorphèvre Edouard , Demarbaix Anthonin , Ducobu François 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Standards enabling the objective tolerancing and evaluation of dimensional and geometrical performances of additive manufacturing (AM) printers are still missing. The design, printing and measurements of geometrical benchmark test artefacts (GBTA) is the current solution proposed in literature. However, the current GBTA with fixed dimensions cannot cover most of the available printing area of printers with large building platform dimensions. This article proposes to solve this problem by developing an adaptive GBTA design whose main dimensions can be adapted to any common 3D printer. Moreover, an innovative design is implemented to decrease the risk of warping. The adaptive GBTA will then be used to characterise the performances of two different architecture material extrusion printers (Ultimaker 2+ and Pollen AM Series MC). Dimensional and geometrical accuracy, as well as top surface topography, were evaluated. The Ultimaker printer could reproduce features with maximum deviations below the tolerance interval (IT) 13 of the ISO 286-1, while the Pollen machine achieved a higher IT of 15 or 16. The highest geometrical deviations were observed for the coaxiality of cylinders oriented along the build direction (Ultimaker: 0.250 mm and Pollen: 0.497 mm). Top surface topography exhibited higher Ra values for Pollen (13.7 µm) than for Ultimaker 2+ (4.9 µm). The performances of the Pollen printer were lower than the Ultimaker machine in terms of surface topography, dimensional and geometrical accuracy. The proposed adaptive GBTA design covers most of the printing areas exhibited by Pollen and Ultimaker printers and offers flexibility to test other printers even with larger or smaller dimensions.
Implementing variable doping and work function engineering in β-Ga2O3 MOSFET to realize high breakdown voltage and PfoM
Authors: Goyal Priyanshi , Kaur Harsupreet 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In this paper, the impact of workfunction engineering and lightly doped region near drain has been studied on lateral β-Ga2O3 metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) by employing exhaustive technology computer aided design simulations. The theoretically predicted value of breakdown voltage and power figure of merit (PFoM) for Ga2O3 based devices has not been achieved yet, and hence in order to improve these parameters, variable channel doping and work function engineering have been implemented on lateral β-Ga2O3 MOSFET for the first time in the present work. A thorough comparative assessment has been drawn by comparing the characteristics of the proposed device which incorporates work function engineering along with a variable doping in channel such that higher doping is near the source side and a lower doping region is near the drain end with conventional, doping engineered and work function engineered β-Ga2O3 devices and it is demonstrated that the proposed device offers significant improvement in breakdown voltage and PFoM. Furthermore, the performance of all devices under consideration has been evaluated at high temperatures as well and it is demonstrated that the proposed device offers superior performance in comparison to other devices, and hence is a suitable contender for high voltage and high temperature applications.
Interplay of vibration- and environment-assisted energy transfer
Authors: Li Zeng-Zhao , Ko Liwen , Yang Zhibo , Sarovar Mohan , Whaley K Birgitta 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
We study the interplay between two environmental influences on excited state energy transfer in photosynthetic light harvesting complexes, namely, vibrationally assisted energy transfer (VAET) and environment-assisted quantum transport (ENAQT), considering a dimeric chromophore donor–acceptor model as a prototype for larger systems. We demonstrate how the basic features of the excitonic energy transfer are influenced by these two environments, both separately and together, with the environment being fully quantum in the case of VAET and treated in the Haken–Strobl–Reineker classical limit in the case of ENAQT. Our results reveal that in the weak noise regime, the presence of a classical noise source is detrimental to the energy transfer that is resonantly assisted by the exciton-vibration interactions intrinsic to VAET. In the strong noise regime we reproduce all the features of ENAQT, including the turnover into a Zeno regime where energy transfer is suppressed, and VAET is insignificant.
Automatic Space Debris Extraction Channel Based on Large Field of view Photoelectric Detection System
Authors: Jiang Ping , Liu Chengzhi , Yang Wenbo , Kang Zhe , Li Zhenwei 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Space target detection is the core technology of space surveillance system. The large field of view telescope has strong space detection capabilities, and its realization also faces many challenges. We propose an automatic extraction algorithm for space debris, aiming to automatically extract information about space targets. Our method is mainly divided into three parts. In the first stage, image denoising processing is carried out for various noise interference in the image. The proposed wavelet transform and total variational hybrid filtering algorithm are applied to eliminate noise, which reduces the impact of noise on target detection and greatly retains target information. In the second stage, we propose an improved morphological operator to eliminate uneven background. The third stage uses Hough transform to obtain candidate debris targets. These images were taken during an observation campaign, the observatory is located in Jilin. Experimental results show that the target detection algorithm proposed in this paper can effectively extract space target information and solve the problem of space target detection for large-field telescopes.
Enhanced fluorescence from semiconductor quantum dot-labelled cells excited at 280 nm
Authors: McFarlane Mollie , Hall Nicholas , McConnell Gail 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) have significant advantages over more traditional fluorophores used in fluorescence microscopy including reduced photobleaching, long-term photostability and high quantum yields, but due to limitations in light sources and optics, are often excited far from their optimum excitation wavelengths in the deep-UV. Here, we present a quantitative comparison of the excitation of semiconductor QDs at a wavelength of 280 nm, compared to the longer wavelength of 365 nm, within a cellular environment. We report increased fluorescence intensity and enhanced image quality when using 280 nm excitation compared to 365 nm excitation for cell imaging across multiple datasets, with a highest average fluorescence intensity increase of 3.59-fold. We also find no significant photobleaching of QDs associated with 280 nm excitation and find that on average, ∼80% of cells can tolerate exposure to high-intensity 280 nm irradiation over a 6-hour period.
Effects of PTFE coating modification on tribological properties of PTFE/aramid self-lubricating fabric composite
Authors: Wang Juan , Huang Xiongrong , Wang Wei , Han Haosheng , Duan Hongyu , Yu Senlong , Zhu Meifang 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)/aramid fabric composites are currently widely used as self-lubricating bearing liners. In this study, a PTFE composite coating was performed to improve the friction stability of the PTFE/aramid fabric composite in long-term friction. Effects of the surface modification on the composite tribological properties were studied using ball-on-disk friction tests. Results showed that under different sliding condition, the friction coefficient of the modified and unmodified fabric composite were similar after sliding of 240 min. However, the friction coefficient curves of the unmodified fabric composite increased first, then decreased, and then increased, while that of the modified fabric composite increased first and then stabilized. At a sliding speed of 4.5 m min−1 and load of 50 N, the unmodified fabric composite worn out at ∼200 min, but the modified fabric composite was still stable after 240 min. SEM results confirmed that the PTFE composite coating had a good film forming property, which improved the wear resistance and friction stability of the composite in long-term friction especially under high sliding speed. These results give a reference for the development of self-lubricating plain bearing liners with long lifespans.
To rarefy or not to rarefy: robustness and efficiency trade-offs of rarefying microbiome data
Authors: Hong Johnny , Karaoz Ulas , de Valpine Perry , Fithian William 
Published: February 2022

AbstractMotivationMicrobiome datasets provide rich information about microbial communities. However, vast library size variations across samples present great challenges for proper statistical comparisons. To deal with these challenges, rarefaction is often used in practice as a normalization technique, although there has been debate whether rarefaction should ever be used. Conventional wisdom and previous work suggested that rarefaction should never be used in practice, arguing that rarefying microbiome data is statistically inadmissible. These discussions, however, have been confined to particular parametric models and simulation studies.ResultsWe develop a semiparametric graphical model framework for grouped microbiome data and analyze in the context of differential abundance testing the statistical trade-offs of the rarefaction procedure, accounting for latent variations and measurement errors. Under the framework, it can be shown rarefaction guarantees that subsequent permutation tests properly control the Type I error. In addition, the loss in sensitivity from rarefaction is solely due to increased measurement error; if the underlying variation in microbial composition is large among samples, rarefaction might not hurt subsequent statistical inference much. We develop the rarefaction efficiency index (REI) as an indicator for efficiency loss and illustrate it with a dataset on the effect of storage conditions for microbiome data. Simulation studies based on real data demonstrate that the impact of rarefaction on sensitivity is negligible when overdispersion is prominent, while low REI corresponds to scenarios in which rarefying might substantially lower the statistical power. Whether to rarefy or not ultimately depends on assumptions of the data generating process and characteristics of the data.Availability and implementationSource codes are publicly available at https://github.com/jcyhong/rarefaction.Supplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Immunometabolic adaptation and immune plasticity in pregnancy and the bi-directional effects of obesity
Authors: Rees April , Richards Oliver , Chambers Megan , Jenkins Benjamin J , Cronin James G , Thornton Catherine A 
Published: February 2022

AbstractMandatory maternal metabolic and immunological changes are essential to pregnancy success. Parallel changes in metabolism and immune function make immunometabolism an attractive mechanism to enable dynamic immune adaptation during pregnancy. Immunometabolism is a burgeoning field with the underlying principle being that cellular metabolism underpins immune cell function. With whole body changes to the metabolism of carbohydrates, protein and lipids well recognised to occur in pregnancy and our growing understanding of immunometabolism as a determinant of immunoinflammatory effector responses, it would seem reasonable to expect immune plasticity during pregnancy to be linked to changes in the availability and handling of multiple nutrient energy sources by immune cells. While studies of immunometabolism in pregnancy are only just beginning, the recognised bi-directional interaction between metabolism and immune function in the metabolic disorder obesity might provide some of the earliest insights into the role of immunometabolism in immune plasticity in pregnancy. Characterised by chronic low-grade inflammation including in pregnant women, obesity is associated with numerous adverse outcomes during pregnancy and beyond for both mother and child. Concurrent changes in metabolism and immunoinflammation are consistently described but any causative link is not well established. Here we provide an overview of the metabolic and immunological changes that occur in pregnancy and how these might contribute to healthy versus adverse pregnancy outcomes with special consideration of possible interactions with obesity.
Rapid Isolation and Hypoglycemic Activity of Secondary Metabolites of Eurotium cristatum by High-Speed Countercurrent Chromatography
Authors: Li Pengchegn , Zhu Xiaohan , Xiao Mi , Su Yanqi , Yu Shanshan , Tang Jintian , Xue Hongkun , Cai Xu 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In this study, secondary metabolites of Eurotium cristatum were isolated and purified by high-speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC), and their hypoglycemic activities were studied. The general-useful estimate of solvent systems (GUESS) for counter-current chromatography was employed to select the appropriate solvent systems of n-hexane-ethyl acetate-methanol-water (HEMW, 4:6:5:5, v/v/v/v) for HSCCC practice, and three compounds were separated from the crude ethyl acetate extract of E. cristatum in one single step; 6.1 mg of Compounds 1, 5.6 mg of Compound 2 and 3.8 mg of Compound 3 were obtained from 100 mg of crude extract with a stationary phase retention of 75%. The compounds were then identified as emodin methyl ether, chrysophanol and emodin, respectively. The activity of the target compounds in the secondary metabolites of E. cristatum was verified by testing their inhibition on α-glucosidase activity and molecular docking simulation. The results showed that emodin, chrysophanol and emodin methyl ether had significant inhibitory effects on the α-glucosidase activity. This work confirmed the effectiveness of HSCCC in the separation of compounds in complex extracts and provided reference for further research and application of E. cristatum.
Use of erythropoiesis-stimulating agents in children with chronic kidney disease: a systematic review
Authors: Bruce Gordon , Schulga Peter , Reynolds Ben C 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT

Background
Erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) revolutionized the management of anaemia in chronic kidney disease (CKD) when introduced in the late 1980s. A range of ESA types, preparations and administration modalities now exist, with newer agents requiring less frequent administration. Although systematic reviews and meta-analyses have been published in adults, no systematic review has been conducted investigating ESAs in children.

Methods
The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses statement for the conduct of systematic reviews was used. All available literature on outcomes relating to ESAs in children with CKD was sought. A search of the MEDLINE, CINAHL and Embase databases was conducted by two independent reviewers. Inclusion criteria were published trials in English, children with chronic and end-stage kidney disease and use of any ESA studied against any outcome measure. An assessment of risk of bias was carried out in all included randomized trials using the criteria from the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. Two tables were used for data extraction for randomized and observational studies. Study type, participants, inclusion criteria, case characteristics, follow-up duration, ESA type and dosage, interventions and outcomes were extracted by one author.

Results
Of 965 identified articles, 58 were included covering 54 cohorts. Six were randomized trials and 48 were observational studies. A total of 38 studies assessed the efficacy of recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO), 11 of darbepoetin alpha (DA) and 3 of continuous erythropoietin receptor activator (CERA), with 6 studies appraising secondary outcome measures exclusively. Recruitment to studies was a consistent challenge. The most common adverse effect was hypertension, although confounding effects often limited direct correlation. Two large cohort studies demonstrated a greater hazard of death independently associated with high ESA dose. Secondary outcome measures included quality of life measures, growth and nutrition, exercise capacity, injection site pain, cardiovascular function, intelligent quotient, evoked potentials and platelet function.

Conclusions
All ESA preparations and modes of administration were efficacious, with evidence of harm at higher doses. Evidence supports individualizing treatments, with strong consideration given to alternate treatments in patients who appear resistant to ESA therapy. Further research should focus on randomized trials comparing the efficacy of different preparations, treatment options in apparently ESA-resistant cohorts and clarification of meaningful secondary outcomes to consolidate patient-relevant indices.