bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and validation of a simple clinical nomogram for predicting obstructive sleep apnea
Authors: Sun Xishi , Zheng Zhenzhen , Liang Jinhua , Chen Riken , Huang Huili , Yao Xiaoyun , Lei Wei , Peng Min , Cheng Junfen , Zhang Nuofu 
Published: January 2022

SummaryObstructive sleep apnea is the most common type of sleep breathing disorder. Therefore, the purpose of our research is to construct and verify an objective and easy‐to‐use nomogram that can accurately predict a patient’s risk of obstructive sleep apnea. In this study, we retrospectively collected the data of patients undergoing polysomnography at the Sleep Medicine Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University. Participants were randomly assigned to a training cohort (50%) and a validation cohort (50%). Logistic regression and Lasso regression models were used to reduce data dimensions, select factors and construct the nomogram. C‐index, calibration curve, decision curve analysis and clinical impact curve analysis were used to evaluate the identification, calibration and clinical effectiveness of the nomogram. Nomograph validation was performed in the validation cohort. The study included 1035 people in the training cohort and 1078 people in the validation cohort. Logistic and Lasso regression analysis identified age, gender, diastolic blood pressure, body mass index, neck circumference and Epworth Sleepiness Scale as the predictive factors included in the nomogram. The training cohort (C‐index = 0.741) and validation cohort (C‐index = 0.745) had better identification and calibration effects. The areas under the curve of the nomogram and STOP‐Bang were 0.741 (0.713–0.767) and 0.728 (0.700–0.755), respectively. Decision curve analysis and clinical impact curve analysis showed that the nomogram is clinically useful. We have established a concise and practical nomogram that will help doctors better determine the priority of patients referred to the sleep centre.
Conserved and distinct roles of H3K27me3 demethylases regulating flowering time in Brassica rapa
Authors: Poza‐Viejo Laura , Payá‐Milans Miriam , San Martín‐Uriz Patxi , Castro‐Labrador Laura , Lara‐Astiaso David , Wilkinson Mark D. , Piñeiro Manuel , Jarillo José A. , Crevillén Pedro 
Published: January 2022

AbstractEpigenetic regulation is necessary for optimal organism development and preservation of gene expression profiles in the cell. In plants, the trimethylation of histone H3 lysine 27 (H3K27me3) is a silencing epigenetic mark relevant for developmental transitions like flowering. The floral transition is a key agronomic trait; however, the epigenetic mechanisms of flowering time regulation in crops remain poorly understood. Here we study the Jumonji H3K27me3 demethylases BraA.REF6 and BraA.ELF6 in Brassica rapa. Phenotypic characterization of novel mutant lines and genome‐wide H3K27me3 chromatin immunoprecipitation and transcriptomic analyses indicated that BraA.REF6 plays a greater role than BraA.ELF6 in fine‐tuning H3K27me3 levels. In addition, we found that braA.elf6 mutants were early flowering due to high H3K27me3 levels at B. rapa homologs of the floral repressor FLC. Unlike mutations in Arabidopsis thaliana, braA.ref6 mutants were late flowering without altering the expression of B. rapa FLC genes. Remarkably, we found that BraA.REF6 regulated a number of gibberellic acid (GA) biosynthetic genes, including a homolog of GA1, and that GA‐treatment complemented the late flowering mutant phenotype. This study increases our understanding of the epigenetic regulation of flowering time in B. rapa, highlighting conserved and distinct regulatory mechanisms between model and crop species.
Factors related to parenting stress among fathers of preschool children in Japan
Authors: Kachi Yuko , Ochi Manami , Kato Tsuguhiko , Otsuka Miyako , Takehara Kenji 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundEven though fathers participate in childcare at a higher rate than before, there remains a lack of research on the factors that contribute to parenting stress among fathers. This study explored the socioeconomic and demographic factors associated with parenting stress among fathers of preschool children.MethodsOur study included 17 645 fathers who participated in the 2016 Comprehensive Survey of Living Conditions in Japan. Parenting stress was assessed using a single question. Socioeconomic and demographic factors were predictors. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to estimate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for parenting stress.ResultsOverall, 6.6% fathers experienced parenting stress. Fathers with a youngest child aged 0–2 years were more likely to experience parenting stress than those with a youngest child aged 3–6 (OR: 1.45, 95% CI: 1.25–1.68). Compared with fathers who lived in two‐parent households without grandparents, those who lived in single‐father households (both with and without grandparents) were more likely to experience parenting stress (OR: 12.13, 95% CI: 5.60–26.29 and OR: 4.19, 95% CI: 2.04–8.60, respectively). Furthermore, there was a significant negative association between education and parenting stress.ConclusionsHaving a child aged 0–2 years, single fatherhood, and higher education were associated with parenting stress among fathers of preschool children. Healthcare professionals need to be aware of these factors when supporting fathers in raising their children.
Worldwide overview of reproduction, juvenile collection, spat production and cultivation of pen shells
Authors: Chávez‐Villalba Jorge , Reynaga‐Franco Felipe de Jesús , Hoyos‐Chairez Francisco 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPen shells hold some potential for cultivation, but information on aquaculture activities is fragmentary, and no sustained or commercial production of any such species is currently in place. We reviewed information available worldwide on reproductive cycles, wild juvenile collection, spat production in hatcheries and cultivation systems for 45 pen shell species. We found information on the topics of interest for 15 species, Atrina maura and Atrina pectinata being the most studied. Reproductive cycles have been described for ten species, but size at first maturity has been reported only for A. maura and Pinna rugosa. Onion mesh bags and mosquito nets are the materials used for wild juvenile collection of most species. Nevertheless, seed collection has decreased for some species because of overexploitation, diseases or trawling that has severely impacted populations, so spat production in hatcheries is a fundamental aspect. Yet, hatcheries face challenges due to the high mortality of umbo larvae and during metamorphosis, and larvae produced by broodstock with overmature gonads. Market size individuals can be produced using culture methods currently available, but hatchery protocols and culture devices must be tailored specifically for pen shells. Reduced availability of wild spat and limited spat production in hatcheries are major constraints for developing and sustaining cultures. Studies on reproduction and spat production are necessary, as well as the implementation of protection measures and development of restoration plans for pen shell populations. Apparently, there is insufficient information available to foster the development of aquaculture, with tensions between preserving species and aquaculture programmes.
La ley de seguros uruguaya No. 19.678 de 26/10/2018
Authors: Signorino Barbat Andrea 
Published: January 2022

En la República Oriental del Uruguay, la Ley 19.678 vigente desde el 19 de noviembre de 2018, actualizó nuestra legislación sobre seguros. Se trata de la última Ley de seguros sancionada en Latinoamérica. La Ley refiere no solamente al contrato de seguros sino también a otros aspectos relacionados con la materia y el mercado asegurador. Se trata de una Ley especial sobre seguros, que moderniza las disposiciones que sobre éstos contiene nuestro Código de Comercio de 1865.
La mencionada Ley, publicada como “Aprobación de modificaciones en el marco legal del mercado de seguros”, constituye un verdadero hito en el país pues sin dudas, contiene novedades de gran impacto en el contrato de seguros y en el mercado asegurador uruguayo.
En este artículo recorreremos en forma general la ley, para dar una primera aproximación de sus novedades al lector.
New Property Averaging Scheme for Volume of Fluid Method for Two-Phase Flows With Large Viscosity Ratios
Authors: Rajendran Sucharitha , Manglik Raj M. , Jog Milind A. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
To predict liquid–gas two-phase flow, accurate tracking of the evolving liquid–gas interface is required. Volume-of-fluid (VoF) method has been used for computationally modeling such flows where a single set of governing equations are solved for both phases along with an advection equation for the volume fraction. Properties in each cell are determined by a linear weighted average of the properties of the two fluids based on the phase fraction. While the method predicts water–air flows well, the predictions tend to deviate significantly from experiments for liquids with high viscosity. A new property averaging technique is proposed, which is shown to provide accurate results for high viscosity liquids. Computational predictions using open-source VoF solver inter-foam and the proposed method are compared with experimental data for multiple two-phase applications. Four different problems, viz., suspended drop, jet breakup, drop impact on thin films, and on liquid pools, are considered to extensively validate the new method. Data for aqueous solutions of propylene and ethylene glycol are used to cover a range of surface tension (72–36 mN/m) and viscosities (1–40 mPa·s). For all cases, the modified VoF solver is observed to perform significantly better than the original VoF method. It reduces spurious currents in simulations of a drop suspended in the air. For the cases of a drop impacting on a pool and during drop generation from liquid jets, the time progression of the surface tension governed dynamics is improved from the slower estimate of the inter-Foam solver.
Physics Informed Deep Neural Net Inverse Modeling for Estimating Model Parameters in Permeable Porous Media Flows
Authors: Pashaei Kalajahi Amin , Perez-Raya Isaac , D'Souza Roshan M 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
We present a method that combines a physics-informed deep neural network and Stokes' second problem to estimate the porosity and the permeability of a porous medium. Particularly, we investigate the accuracy of physics-informed deep neural networks in predicting the hidden quantities of interest, such as velocity and unknown parameters, including permeability and porosity, by employing different network architectures and different sizes of input data sets. The employed neural network is jointly trained to match the essential class of physical laws governing fluid motion in porous media (Darcy's law and mass conservation) and the fluid velocities in the domain or region of interest. Therefore, the described approach allows the estimation of hidden quantities of interest. This strategy conditions the neural network to honor physical principles. Thus, the model adapts to fit best the data provided while striving to respect the governing physical laws. Results show that the proposed approach achieves significant accuracy in estimating the velocity, permeability, and porosity of the media, even when the neural network is trained by a relatively small input data-set. Also, results demonstrate that using the optimal neural network architecture is indispensable to increase the porosity and permeability prediction accuracy.
The Effect of Weber Number on Spray and Vaporization Characteristics of Liquid Jets Injected in Air Crossflow
Authors: Kamin Manu , Khare Prashant 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis paper details a numerical investigation conducted to systematically evaluate the effects of aerodynamic Weber number, in the range from 68 to 136, on spray characteristics and gaseous fluid dynamics when liquid jets are injected in high-temperature air crossflow. The momentum flux ratio and air temperature for all the cases studied in this research effort are 9 and 573 K, respectively. The computations are conducted using an Eulerian–Lagrangian framework, where the gas phase is modeled by the compressible form of the Navier–Stokes equations and the liquid phase is treated in the Lagrangian frame with appropriate models to account for jet injection and breakup phenomena. A modified version of two-way coupling, which takes into account the finite size of the dispersed phase, is used to account for the exchange of mass, momentum, energy and species between the two phases. Turbulence closure is achieved using the large eddy simulation technique. As a first step, the framework is validated against measurements for non-vaporizing and vaporizing conditions—our results agree well with experimental data. Next, three computations in the range of Weber numbers mentioned above are conducted—the effect of Weber number is quantified in terms of the spatiotemporal evolution of the mass fraction of the vaporized liquid, detailed distributions of droplet sizes, their velocities, and volumetric fluxes. It is found that with an increase in the Weber number, the droplet sizes and the penetration depth monotonically decreased. As a result, at higher Weber number conditions, the vaporized liquid in the domain increases due to the overall enhancement in the effective surface area of the liquid phase.
Peripheral dentinogenic ghost cell tumour
Authors: Cabo Ivan , Saura André , Cardoso Ana Rita , Cardoso José Azenha 
Published: January 2022

The dentinogenic ghost cell tumour (DGCT) is a rare benign neoplasm, which histologically presents itself as an aberrant keratinisation of the epithelium, ghost cells and dentinoid material. Depending on its location there are two different types of DGCT, central or peripheral, with different clinical characteristics. By 2019, there were only 57 cases of DGCT published: 39 of the central type and 18 of the peripheral type.In this clinical case, the authors describe the case of a 78-year-old man with a painless and slow growing mandibular lump. The diagnosis of peripheral DGCT was made by incisional biopsy and the treatment consisted of radical excision with upper marginal mandibulectomy.The aim of the article is to report a clinical case of a rare pathology and, consequently, to help diagnose and better understand its biological behaviour.
CC-90001, a c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) inhibitor, in patients with pulmonary fibrosis: design of a phase 2, randomised, placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Popmihajlov Zoran , Sutherland Donna J , Horan Gerald S , Ghosh Atalanta , Lynch David A , Noble Paul W , Richeldi Luca , Reiss Theodore F , Greenberg Steven 
Published: January 2022

IntroductionIdiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive and often fatal interstitial lung disease (ILD); other ILDs have a progressive, fibrotic phenotype (PF-ILD). Antifibrotic agents can slow but not stop disease progression in patients with IPF or PF-ILD. c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs) are stress-activated protein kinases implicated in the underlying mechanisms of fibrosis, including epithelial cell death, inflammation and polarisation of profibrotic macrophages, fibroblast activation and collagen production. CC-90001, an orally administered (PO), one time per day, JNK inhibitor, is being evaluated in IPF and PF-ILD.Methods and analysisThis is a phase 2, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study evaluating efficacy and safety of CC-90001 in patients with IPF (main study) and patients with PF-ILD (substudy). Both include an 8-week screening period, a 24-week treatment period, up to an 80-week active-treatment extension and a 4-week post-treatment follow-up. Patients with IPF (n=165) will be randomised 1:1:1 to receive 200 mg or 400 mg CC-90001 or placebo administered PO one time per day; up to 25 patients/arm will be permitted concomitant pirfenidone use. Forty-five patients in the PF-ILD substudy will be randomised 2:1 to receive 400 mg CC-90001 or placebo. The primary endpoint is change in per cent predicted forced vital capacity from baseline to Week 24 in patients with IPF.Ethics and disseminationThis study will be conducted in accordance with Good Clinical Practice guidelines, Declaration of Helsinki principles and local ethical and legal requirements. Results will be reported in a peer-reviewed publication.Trial registration numberNCT03142191.
Combination of ultrasound-based mechanical disruption of tumor with immune checkpoint blockade modifies tumor microenvironment and augments systemic antitumor immunity
Authors: Abe Shinya , Nagata Hiroshi , Crosby Erika J , Inoue Yoshiyuki , Kaneko Kensuke , Liu Cong-Xiao , Yang Xiao , Wang Tao , Acharya Chaitanya R , Agarwal Pankaj , Snyder Joshua , Gwin William , Morse Michael A , Zhong Pei , Lyerly Herbert Kim , Osada Takuya 
Published: January 2022

BackgroundDespite multimodal adjuvant management with radiotherapy, chemotherapy and hormonal therapies, most surgically resected primary breast cancers relapse or metastasize. A potential solution to late and distant recurrence is to augment systemic antitumor immunity, in part by appropriately presenting tumor antigens, but also by modulating the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). We previously validated this concept in models of murine carcinoma treated with a novel predominately microcavitating version of high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU), mechanical high-intensity focused ultrasound (M-HIFU). Here we elucidated the mechanisms of enhanced antitumor immunity by M-HIFU over conventional thermal high-intensity focused ultrasound (T-HIFU) and investigated the potential of the combinatorial strategy with an immune checkpoint inhibitor, anti-PD-L1 antibody.MethodsThe antitumor efficacy of treatments was investigated in syngeneic murine breast cancer models using triple-negative (E0771) or human ErbB-2 (HER2) expressing (MM3MG-HER2) tumors in C57BL/6 or BALB/c mice, respectively. Induction of systemic antitumor immunity by the treatments was tested using bilateral tumor implantation models. Flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry, and single-cell RNA sequencing were performed to elucidate detailed effects of HIFU treatments or combination treatment on TME, including the activation status of CD8 T cells and polarization of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs).ResultsMore potent systemic antitumor immunity and tumor growth suppression were induced by M-HIFU compared with T-HIFU. Molecular characterization of the TME after M-HIFU by single-cell RNA sequencing demonstrated repolarization of TAM to the immunostimulatory M1 subtype compared with TME post-T-HIFU. Concurrent anti-PD-L1 antibody administration or depletion of CD4+ T cells containing a population of regulatory T cells markedly increased T cell-mediated antitumor immunity and tumor growth suppression at distant, untreated tumor sites in M-HIFU treated mice compared with M-HIFU monotherapy. CD8 T and natural killer cells played major roles as effector cells in the combination treatment.ConclusionsPhysical disruption of the TME by M-HIFU repolarizes TAM, enhances T-cell infiltration, and, when combined with anti-PD-L1 antibody, mediates superior systemic antitumor immune responses and distant tumor growth suppression. These findings suggest M-HIFU combined with anti-PD-L1 may be useful in reducing late recurrence or metastasis when applied to primary tumors.
CD161 expression and regulation defines rapidly responding effector CD4+ T cells associated with improved survival in HPV16-associated tumors
Authors: Duurland Chantal L , Santegoets Saskia J , Abdulrahman Ziena , Loof Nikki M , Sturm Gregor , Wesselink Tom H , Arens Ramon , Boekestijn Sanne , Ehsan Ilina , van Poelgeest Mariette I E , Finotello Francesca , Hackl Hubert , Trajanoski Zlatko , ten Dijke Peter , Braud Veronique M , Welters Marij J P , van der Burg Sjoerd H 
Published: January 2022

BackgroundExpression of killer cell lectin-like receptor B1 (KLRB1), the gene encoding the cell surface molecule CD161, is associated with favorable prognosis in many cancers. CD161 is expressed by several lymphocyte populations, but its role and regulation on tumor-specific CD4+ T cells is unknown.MethodsWe examined the clinical impact of CD4+CD161+ T cells in human papillomavirus (HPV)16+ oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC), analyzed their contribution in a cohort of therapeutically vaccinated patients and used HPV16-specific CD4+CD161+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and T cell clones for in-depth mechanistic studies.ResultsCentral and effector memory CD4+ T cells express CD161, but only CD4+CD161+ effector memory T cells (Tem) are associated with improved survival in OPSCC. Therapeutic vaccination activates and expands type 1 cytokine-producing CD4+CD161+ effector T cells. The expression of CD161 is dynamic and follows a pattern opposite of the checkpoint molecules PD1 and CD39. CD161 did not function as an immune checkpoint molecule as demonstrated using multiple experimental approaches using antibodies to block CD161 and gene editing to knockout CD161 expression. Single-cell transcriptomics revealedKLRB1expression in many T cell clusters suggesting differences in their activation. Indeed, CD4+CD161+ effector cells specifically expressed the transcriptional transactivatorSOX4,known to enhance T cell receptor (TCR) signaling via CD3ε. Consistent with this observation, CD4+CD161+ cells respond more vigorously to limiting amounts of cognate antigen in presence of interleukin (IL)-12 and IL-18 compared to their CD161- counterparts. The expression of CD161/KLRB1andSOX4was downregulated upon TCR stimulation and this effect was boosted by transforming growth factor (TGF)β1.ConclusionHigh levels of CD4+CD161+ Tem are associated with improved survival and our data show that CD161 is dynamically regulated by cell intrinsic and extrinsic factors. CD161 expressing CD4+ T cells rapidly respond to suboptimal antigen stimulation suggesting that CD161, similar to SOX4, is involved in the amplification of TCR signals in CD4+ T cells.