bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hearing From You: Design Thinking in Audiological Research
Authors: Young Taegan , Pang Jermy , Ferguson Melanie 
Published: March 2022

Purpose:
The purpose of this article is to describe the emerging use of design thinking methodologies in hearing health care research using a participatory action approach with a consumer and community involvement panel, audiologists, and adults with hearing loss.

Method:
Two connected hearing health care projects that adopted design thinking principles are presented here as case studies. Case 1 investigated the applicability and acceptability of smart voice assistant technology as post–hearing aid fitting support. Case 2 investigated the feasibility of providing support for new adult patients with hearing loss before they attend their hearing assessment appointment.

Discussion:
The design thinking process provided a flexible structure in which researchers were able to empathize with stakeholders, define their unmet needs, and ideate potential connected hearing health care solutions to develop and evaluate prototypes in clinical and home settings.

Conclusion:
Utilizing a needs-based, collaborative design thinking approach to conduct development in hearing health care research is a viable and novel option to produce innovative, relevant, and translational hearing health solutions that address stakeholder needs.
Examining Face Validity of Visual Stimuli Used in Preference Assessments for Older Adults With Communication Impairments
Authors: Burshnic-Neal Vanessa L. , Knollman-Porter Kelly , Topper Rachel H. , McConnell Eleanor S. , VanHaitsma Kimberly , Abbott Katherine M. 
Published: March 2022

Purpose:
Preference assessment is integral to person-centered treatment planning for older adults with communication impairments. There is a need to validate photographs used in preference assessment for this population. Therefore, this study aimed to establish preliminary face validity of photographs selected to enhance comprehension of questions from the Preferences for Everyday Living Inventory–Nursing Home (PELI-NH) and describe themes in older adults' recommendations for revising photographic stimuli.

Method:
This qualitative, cognitive interviewing study included 21 participants with an average age of 75 years and no known cognitive or communication deficits. Photographic stimuli were randomized and evaluated across one to two interview sessions. Participants were asked to describe what the preference stimuli represented to them. Responses were scored to assess face validity. Participants were then shown the PELI-NH written prompt and asked to evaluate how well the photograph(s) represented the preference. A semideductive thematic analysis was conducted on interview transcripts to summarize themes in participant feedback.

Results:
Forty-six (64%) stimuli achieved face validity criteria without revisions. Six (8%) stimuli achieved face validity after one partial revision. Twenty (28%) stimuli required multiple revisions and reached feedback saturation, requiring team review for finalization. Thematic analysis revealed challenges interpreting stimuli (e.g., multiple meanings) and participant preferences for improving photographs (e.g., aesthetics).

Conclusions:
Cognitive interviewing was useful for improving face validity of stimuli pertaining to personal care topics. Abstract and subjective preferences (e.g., cultural traditions) may be more challenging to represent. This study provides a framework for further testing with older adults with cognitive, communication, and hearing impairments.
Point cloud completion by dynamic transformer with adaptive neighbourhood feature fusion
Authors: Liu Xinpu , Xu Guoquan , Xu Ke , Wan Jianwei , Ma Yanxin 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPoint cloud completion aims to reconstruct detailed structures from partial observations. However, previous methods often suffered from inaccurate neighbourhood feature extraction and rough reconstruction of complex structures, which is difficult to complete detailed semantic shapes. To solve this problem, we present a method that applies dynamic transformers with adaptive neighbourhood feature fusion operations to resume complete point clouds. Firstly, we propose an adaptive neighbourhood feature extraction module, which contains a learnable global neighbourhood selection strategy and a traditional local k‐nearest neighbour strategy to dynamically select neighbourhood points according to the shape of different objects. Secondly, we observed that traditional point generation methods based on folding‐series operations limit their capacity of generating complex and faithful shapes. Inspired by cell division, we regard the process of reconstructing as point splitting and propose a genetic hierarchical point generation module, which means current points can inherit shape features from previous points and generate more detailed structures of their own. Extensive experiments of point cloud completion are carried out on PCN and Completion3D datasets to verify the effectiveness of our method. The average category chamfer distances of our method are 7.17(×10−3) in PCN and 7.96(×10−4) in Completion3D, which has better completion performance than other methods.
Comparison Between Sonography-Based and Surgical Evaluation of Endometriotic Lesions Using the #Enzian Classification – A Retrospective Data Analysis
Authors: Di Giovanni Alessandra , Montanari Eliana , Hudelist Gernot , Malzoni Mario , Keckstein Joerg 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose To compare the location and sizes of deep endometriosis (DE) lesions evaluated by preoperative transvaginal sonography (TVS) in different #Enzian compartments with intraoperatively assessed DE location and size.
Materials and Methods Retrospective data analysis of 93 women undergoing TVS and surgery for DE in 2019 at a tertiary referral center for endometriosis.
Results #Enzian compartment C (rectum) showed the highest rate of exact concordance with 74% of cases, which increased to 87% when a tolerance margin of a maximum of 3mm for TVS measurements was taken into account. For compartment B (uterosacral ligaments, parametria) and compartment A (vagina, rectovaginal space), the rates of exact concordance were slightly lower. In compartment O (ovary), high exact concordance rates similar to those observed for compartment C were observed. In compartment T (tubo-ovarian unit), most reliable estimations were seen for slight (TVS T1) and severe adhesions (TVS T3). There were only a few cases of missed lesions as well as false positives on TVS: Sensitivity was 100% for all compartments except for A and B left (97%) and FB (urinary bladder, 86%); specificity was 100% for FB, FI (other intestinal locations), FU (ureters) and O right, 86%-98% for A, B right, C, O left and FO (other extragenital lesions) and 70% for B left.
Conclusion The preoperative evaluation of the location and size of DE lesions by TVS in different #Enzian compartments is accurate, providing a detailed presurgical description of the extent of ovarian and deep endometriosis and associated minor or severe adhesions.
Impfpflicht light
Authors: Roßius Sabrina 
Published: March 2022

ZusammenfassungÜber die einrichtungsbezogene Impfpflicht ist viel diskutiert worden. Zum 15. März tritt sie nun – in einer soften Version – in Kraft. Es stellt sich wieder einmal heraus: Nichts wird so heiß gegessen, wie es gekocht wird!
Effect of Tele-Guided Imagery on Stress among Caregivers of Chronic Neurological Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Gupta Minakshi , Chakraverty Sneha 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Background and Objectives Chronic neurological conditions impose a burden on caregivers as they are a major contributor for disability-adjusted life years of patients. Stress is the common psychological concern of caregivers. This randomized controlled study examined the effect of tele-guided imagery on stress among caregivers of these neurological patients.

Methods Thirty caregivers were selected for participation in study as per the inclusion criteria and were randomly assigned into experimental and control groups. Initial caregivers' mental health screening was performed with the mini-mental state examination tool. For outcome measure, perceived stress scale (PSS) score tool was utilized and both pre- and postintervention scores were noted. Effect of tele-guided intervention was compared with the control group.

Results Significant difference was noted in the PSS scores among the caregivers receiving tele-guided imagery when compared with controlled group caregivers.

Conclusion Tele-guided imagery is an effective tool for stress management among caregivers. Also, it improves the individual's mental health aspect.
Complex Neurovascular Syndromes: Is the Compressing Vessel Alone the Culprit?
Authors: Kulkarni Aniruddh 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Objective To describe and correlate the clinical, radiological, and intraoperative findings in patients with refractory neurovascular syndromes (NVS) not responding to conventional medical management and to determine the surgical outcome of the microvascular decompression (MVD) procedure.

Methods Medical records of 17 patients with NVS (trigeminal neuralgia [TN] = 14 and hemifacial spasm = 3) who underwent surgery for symptom relief from January 2018 to July 2021 with follow-up data (1–36 months) were retrospectively analyzed. Patient demographics (age, sex), clinical features (site, duration of symptoms, distribution), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings, micro-neurosurgical details (type of surgery, obstructive vessel), and postoperative outcome and complications were recorded.

Statistical Analysis Descriptive analysis was performed. Variables were presented as either mean and standard deviation or frequency and percentages.

Results The mean (standard deviation) age of patients in our study cohort was 52.6 (12.2) years. TN was common in females (64.3%). The mean duration of symptoms was longer in patients with hemifacial spasms than in patients with TN (3.3 vs. 2.7 years). While the right side was commonly affected in TN (64.3%), the left side was common in hemifacial spasm (66.7%). Most common neuralgia symptoms were distributed along the V2V3 (maxillary and mandibular division) branches (42.9%). MRI revealed neurovascular conflict in nine patients, epidermoid tumor in three patients, classical vestibular schwannoma in two patients, and short cisternal segments in three patients. Intraoperatively, superior cerebellar artery was the main offending vessel in TN followed by anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA) and venous compression, while tortuous vertebral artery and AICA along with thickened entangled arachnoid were seen in hemifacial spasms. Almost all patients (88.2%) reported immediate postoperative complete pain relief. One patient died secondary to chest infection after a month.

Conclusion Arachnoid entanglement around the neurovascular bundle along with vascular compression over the cranial nerves is the main cause of NVS. Advanced micro-neurosurgical techniques used in MVD achieve excellent outcomes with improved quality of life. However, identifying the refractory NVS not responding to conventional medical management and early surgical management are paramount.
Analysis of biodiversity data suggests that mammal species are hidden in predictable places
Authors: Parsons Danielle J. , Pelletier Tara A. , Wieringa Jamin G. , Duckett Drew J. , Carstens Bryan C. 
Published: March 2022

SignificanceOnly an estimated 1 to 10% of Earth’s species have been formally described. This discrepancy between the number of species with a formal taxonomic description and actual number of species (i.e., the Linnean shortfall) hampers research across the biological sciences. To explore whether the Linnean shortfall results from poor taxonomic practice or not enough taxonomic effort, we applied machine-learning techniques to build a predictive model to identify named species that are likely to contain hidden diversity. Results indicate that small-bodied species with large, climatically variable ranges are most likely to contain hidden species. These attributes generally match those identified in the taxonomic literature, indicating that the Linnean shortfall is caused by societal underinvestment in taxonomy rather than poor taxonomic practice.
Solid organic-coated ammonium sulfate particles at high relative humidity in the summertime Arctic atmosphere
Authors: Kirpes Rachel M. , Lei Ziying , Fraund Matthew , Gunsch Matthew J. , May Nathaniel W. , Barrett Tate E. , Moffett Claire E. , Schauer Andrew J. , Alexander Becky , Upchurch Lucia M. , China Swarup , Quinn Patricia K. , Moffet Ryan C. , Laskin Alexander , Sheesley Rebecca J. , Pratt Kerri A. , Ault Andrew P. 
Published: March 2022

Significance
Physical and chemical properties of individual atmospheric particles determine their climate impacts. Hygroscopic inorganic salt particles mixed with trace amounts of organic material are predicted to be liquid under typical tropospheric conditions in the summertime Arctic. Yet, we unexpectedly observed a significant concentration of solid particles composed of ammonium sulfate with an organic coating under conditions of high relative humidity and low temperature. These particle properties are consistent with marine biogenic-derived new particle formation and growth, with particle collision hypothesized to result in the solid phase. This particle source is predicted to have increasing relevance in the context of declining Arctic sea ice and increasing open water, with impacts on clouds, and therefore climate.
Protein cost minimization promotes the emergence of coenzyme redundancy
Authors: Goldford Joshua E. , George Ashish B. , Flamholz Avi I. , Segrè Daniel 
Published: March 2022

SignificanceMetabolism relies on a small class of molecules (coenzymes) that serve as universal donors and acceptors of key chemical groups and electrons. Although metabolic networks crucially depend on structurally redundant coenzymes [e.g., NAD(H) and NADP(H)] associated with different enzymes, the criteria that led to the emergence of this redundancy remain poorly understood. Our combination of modeling and structural and sequence analysis indicates that coenzyme redundancy may not be essential for metabolism but could rather constitute an evolved strategy promoting efficient usage of enzymes when biochemical reactions are near equilibrium. Our work suggests that early metabolism may have operated with fewer coenzymes and that adaptation for metabolic efficiency may have driven the rise of coenzyme diversity in living systems.
A carlactonoic acid methyltransferase that contributes to the inhibition of shoot branching in
Arabidopsis
Authors: Mashiguchi Kiyoshi , Seto Yoshiya , Onozuka Yuta , Suzuki Sarina , Takemoto Kiyoko , Wang Yanting , Dong Lemeng , Asami Kei , Noda Ryota , Kisugi Takaya , Kitaoka Naoki , Akiyama Kohki , Bouwmeester Harro , Yamaguchi Shinjiro 
Published: March 2022

Significance

Strigolactones (SLs) are a group of apocarotenoid hormones, which regulates shoot branching and other diverse developmental processes in plants. The major bioactive form(s) of SLs as endogenous hormones has not yet been clarified. Here, we identify an
Arabidopsis
methyltransferase, CLAMT, responsible for the conversion of an inactive precursor to a biologically active SL that can interact with the SL receptor in vitro. Reverse genetic analysis showed that this enzyme plays an essential role in inhibiting shoot branching. This mutant also contributed to specifying the SL-related metabolites that could move from root to shoot in grafting experiments. Our work has identified a key enzyme necessary for the production of the bioactive form(s) of SLs.
Pathogen-mediated natural and manipulated population collapse in an invasive social insect
Authors: LeBrun Edward G. , Jones Melissa , Plowes Robert M. , Gilbert Lawrence E. 
Published: March 2022

SignificanceInvasive social insects are among the most damaging of invasive organisms and have proved universally intractable to biological control. Despite this, populations of some invasive social insects collapse from unknown causes. We report long-term studies demonstrating that infection by a microsporidian pathogen causes populations of a globally significant invasive ant to collapse to local extinction, providing a mechanistic understanding of a pervasive phenomenon in biological invasions: the collapse of established populations from endogenous factors. We apply this knowledge and successfully eliminate two large, introduced populations of these ants. More broadly, microsporidian pathogens should be evaluated for control of other supercolonial invasive social insects. Diagnosing the cause of unanticipated population collapse in invasive organisms can lead to applied solutions.
Genome-wide CRISPR screen reveals CLPTM1L as a lipid scramblase required for efficient glycosylphosphatidylinositol biosynthesis
Authors: Wang Yicheng , Menon Anant K. , Maki Yuta , Liu Yi-Shi , Iwasaki Yugo , Fujita Morihisa , Guerrero Paula A. , Silva Daniel Varó’n , Seeberger Peter H. , Murakami Yoshiko , Kinoshita Taroh 
Published: March 2022

Significance
Scramblases translocate lipids across the lipid bilayer without consumption of ATP, thereby regulating lipid distributions in cellular membranes. Cytosol-to-lumen translocation across the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane is a common process among lipid glycoconjugates involved in posttranslational protein modifications in eukaryotes. These translocations are thought to be mediated by specific ER-resident scramblases, but the identity of these proteins and the underlying molecular mechanisms have been elusive. Here, we show that CLPTM1L, an integral membrane protein with eight putative transmembrane domains, is the major lipid scramblase involved in efficient glycosylphosphatidylinositol biosynthesis in the ER membrane. Our results validate the long-standing hypothesis that lipid scramblases ensure the efficient translocations of lipid glycoconjugates across the ER membrane for protein glycosylation pathways.
Protest movements involving limited violence can sometimes be effective: Evidence from the 2020 BlackLivesMatter protests
Authors: Shuman Eric , Hasan-Aslih Siwar , van Zomeren Martijn , Saguy Tamar , Halperin Eran 
Published: March 2022

Significance
The effects of recent protests for racial equality, particularly when they included violence, are currently of public and academic interest. To better understand these effects, we combine a dataset of all 2020 BlackLivesMatter protests with survey data containing measures of prejudice and support for police reform. Protests were not associated with reductions in prejudice, but were associated with increases in support for police reform. Specifically, a mix of nonviolent and violent protests was associated with an increase in police-reform support among conservatives living in liberal areas. This study highlights the importance of considering multiple measures of protest effectiveness and suggests that mass protest (including when it mixes nonviolence and violence) can be effective at advancing the movement’s goals.
Multidecadal declines in particulate mercury and sediment export from Russian rivers in the pan-Arctic basin
Authors: Zolkos Scott , Zhulidov Alexander V. , Gurtovaya Tatiana Yu. , Gordeev Vyacheslav V. , Berdnikov Sergey , Pavlova Nadezhda , Kalko Evgenia A. , Kuklina Yana A. , Zhulidov Danil A. , Kosmenko Lyudmila S. , Shiklomanov Alexander I. , Suslova Anya , Geyman Benjamin M. , Thackray Colin P. , Sunderland Elsie M. , Tank Suzanne E. , McClelland James W. , Spencer Robert G. M. , Krabbenhoft David P. , Robarts Richard , Holmes Robert M. 
Published: March 2022

Significance
Russian rivers are the predominant source of riverine mercury to the Arctic Ocean, where methylmercury biomagnifies to high levels in food webs. Pollution controls are thought to have decreased late–20th-century mercury loading to Arctic watersheds, but there are no published long-term observations on mercury in Russian rivers. Here, we present a unique hydrochemistry dataset to determine trends in Russian river particulate mercury concentrations and fluxes in recent decades. Using hydrologic and mercury deposition modeling together with multivariate time series analysis, we determine that 70 to 90% declines in particulate mercury fluxes were driven by pollution reductions and sedimentation in reservoirs. Results suggest that Russian rivers likely dominated over all other sources of mercury to the Arctic Ocean until recently.
Enhanced magnetism and suppressed magnetoelastic coupling induced by electron doping in Ca1−
x
Y
x
MnReO6
Authors: Cavichini A S , Orlando M T D , Fantini M C A , Tartaglia R , Galdino C W , Damay F , Porcher F , Granado E 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The Ca2MnReO6 double perovskite is a spin–orbit-assisted Mott insulator with exotic magnetic properties, including a largely non-collinear Mn2+ spin arrangement and nearly orthogonal coupling between such spins and the much smaller Re 5d magnetic moments. Here, the electron-doped compound Ca1−x
Y
x
MnReO6 (x = 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3) is reported and a detailed investigation is conducted for x = 0.3. Neutron and x-ray powder diffraction confirm that nearly full chemical order is maintained at the Mn and Re sites under the Y substitution at the Ca site. X-ray absorption measurements and an analysis of the Mn–O/Re–O bond distances show that the Mn oxidation state remains stable at +2 whereas Re is reduced upon doping. The electron doping increases the magnetic ordering temperature from T
c = 121 to 150 K and also enhances significantly the ferromagnetic component of the Mn spins at the expense of the antiferromagnetic component at the base temperature (T = 3 K). The lattice parameter anomalies at T
c observed in the parent compound are suppressed by the electron doping. The possible reasons for the enhanced magnetism and the suppressed magnetoelastic coupling in Ca1.7Y0.3MnReO6 are discussed.
Pressure-enhanced superconductivity in cage-type quasiskutterudite Sc5Rh6Sn18 single crystal
Authors: Lingannan Govindaraj , Joseph Boby , Sundaramoorthy Muthukumaran , Kuo Chia Nung , Lue Chin Shan , Arumugam Sonachalam 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Sc5Rh6Sn18 with a cage-type quasiskutterudite crystal lattice and type II superconductivity, with superconducting transition temperature T
c = 4.99 K, was investigated under hydrostatic high-pressure (HP) using electrical transport, synchrotron x-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy. Our data show that HP enhance the metallic nature and T
c of the system. T
c is found to show a continuous increase reaching to 5.24 K at 2.5 GPa. Although the system is metallic in nature, Raman spectroscopy investigations at ambient pressure revealed the presence of three weak modes at 165.97, 219.86 and 230.35 cm−1, mostly related to the rattling atom Sc. The HP-XRD data revealed that the cage structure was stable without any structural phase transition up to ∼7 GPa. The lattice parameters and volume exhibited a smooth decrease without any anomalies as a function of pressure in this pressure range. In particular, a second order Birch–Murnaghan equation of state can describe the pressure dependence of the unit cell volume well, yielding a bulk modulus of ∼97 GPa. HP Raman investigations revealed a linear shift of all the three Raman modes to higher wavenumbers with increasing pressure up to ∼8 GPa. As the pressure enhances the bond overlap, thus inducing more electronic charges into the system, HP-XRD and Raman results may indicate the possibility of obtaining higher T
c with increasing pressures in this pressure range.