bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spatio temporal seismicity variation in earthquakes of Uttaranchal region
Authors: PRAKASH RAJESH , SRIVASTAV S. K. , GUPTA H. V. , SRIVASTAVA H. N. 
Published: January 2022

The spatio temporal variations of seismicity preceding Uttarkashi, 1991 and Chamoli, 1999 earthquakes were studied based on the data during the period 1981 to 2000 using the catalogues of earthquakes prepared by the India Meteorological Department. Two scenarios were examined. In one case the epicentral distance from the respective impending earthquakes were worked out for all the earthquakes recorded during a ten years period prior to the earthquake of Uttarkashi and Chamoli respectively. In the other case, the epicenter near latitude 30.2° N and longitude 80.2° E near India Nepal border (where earthquakes of 1966 and 1980 occurred) were considered to compute the epicentral distance. The second case was included because it is a seismically active region where Dharachulla earthquake of 1916 (magnitude 7.5) occurred. The earthquakes of 1999, 1991 and 1980 in Uttaranchal were characterised by six phases of seismic activity namely (i) first quiescence or gap, (ii) swarm, (iii) second quiescence or gap, (iv) foreshocks, (v) main shock and (vi) aftershocks. Some differences among these phases could however, be noticed which were explained through source mechanism, isoseismals, ‘b’ (Gutenberg Richter’s relationship), ‘h’ values (Omori’s law ) and fractal dimension. It is interesting to point out that prior to the occurrence of earthquake swarms (second phase) the seismic pattern exhibits the development of a seismic gap (first phase) after the decay of the aftershock activity associated with a previous large earthquake of magnitude greater than or equal to M: 6.0 in this region. We infer that this second ‘gap’ (third phase) is a characteristic of the complexity of the tectonics in the Uttaranchal. Thus, the simple Kanamori’s asperity model could be modified to consist of six phases of seismic activity in the complex tectonic zone of Garhwal Himalaya. Detailed difference in the seismicity patterns prior to the earthquake were explained by the fractal dimensions estimated from the ‘b’values.
Off shore trough and very heavy rainfall events along the West Coast of India during ARMEX-2002
Authors: MADAN O. P. , MOHANTY U. C. , IYENGER GOPAL , SHIVHARE R. P. , RAO ASKAV PRASAD , SAM N. V. , BHATLA R. 
Published: January 2022

Arabian Sea Monsoon Experiment (ARMEX) 2O02 was carried out from mid June to mid August to study the presence of off-shore trough (OST) and embedded vortices. Four cases of heavy rainfall along the west coast (rainfall exceeding 12 cm in 24 hour) of India were recorded on 14-16 June, 20-22 June, 26-28 June and 7-10 August 2002. The heavy rainfal1 event of 26-28 June was due to a low pressure system that moved from Bay of Bengal across Madhya Pradesh to Gujarat and adjoining Rajasthan. The other three heavy rainfall events were associated with the off shore trough and /or off shore vortices.
Of the various sea buoys deployed in the Arabian Sea, only one buoy located off Goa, did give hint of an OST both in strong and weak wind conditions. However, surface wind data from other buoys and QSCAT surface wind did not always support the presence of OST. The indications were very subtle and it was found difficult to observe them on the NCMRWF (National Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasting) analysis or forecast charts. In the present study it has been observed that off shore trough may be observed in weak as well as strong monsoon conditions. However, heavy rainfall events were noticed only when the monsoon current is strong both in the Arabian Sea as well as Bay of Bengal in association with some synoptic systems. In addition, an east-west shear line in wind flow pattern extending from lower to middle or upper tropospheric levels and joining the circulation features in the Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal has been noticed in all cases of heavy rainfall events. Meso-scale vortices/organized convection systems were also identified during heavy rainfall events on the basis of cloud features noticed in the satellite pictures and TRMM rain rate patterns.
Study of heavy rainfall event over West Coast of India using analysis nudging in MM5 during ARMEX-I
Authors: ROUTRAY A. , MOHANTY U. C. , DAS ANANDA  K. , SAM N. V. 
Published: January 2022

An attempt is made to numerically simulate one heavy rainfall event observed during 7-9 August 2002 along the west coast of India using mesoscale modeling system (MM5). The prime objective of the present study is to investigate the impact of analysis nudging using conventional and non-conventional observations at high-resolution in the mesoscale model.
Two numerical experiments are carried out with MM5 having a double nested domain viz. 60 km (coarse) and 20 km (inner) to study this heavy rainfall event. The first experiment, namely the control simulation (CNTL), global analyses is used as initial and boundary conditions. It is noticed that the model is not able to comprehensively capture the prominent features associated with organized convective processes. A second experiment, called the nudging simulation (NUDG), is carried out where the model initial and boundary conditions are improved after the insertion of observational data. Thereafter, 12 hrs analysis nudging is also applied to further improve the initial condition, before the model is allowed for free integration. Results indicate that the simulations are improved when four dimensional data assimilation using analysis nudging is performed.
Atmospheric boundary layer observations on the East Coast at Kalpakkam using Doppler mini-sodar during different seasons
Authors: SINGH A. BAGAVATH , VENKATESAN R. , SRINIVAS C. V. , SOMAYAJI K. M. 
Published: January 2022

A phased array Doppler Mini-Sodar has been installed at Anupuram near Kalpakkam nuclear site during the Coastal Atmospheric Boundary Layer Experiments (CABLE) carried out on the east coast of India. Mini-Sodar was used to measure the wind profile and investigate the coastal boundary layer development due to land-sea breeze circulation for the study of coastal dispersion of pollutants. The atmospheric boundary layer, its variability during SW (August 13, 14 : ARMEX I and September 3, 7, 11, 14) and pre-monsoon period (April 27, 28 : ARMEX II) 2003 has been studied. Large wind direction change and high vertical velocity variance were observed during the onset of sea breeze. The Thermal Internal Boundary Layer (TIBL) height has been found to increase progressively with season: summer - 170 m, SW monsoon - 210 m and NE monsoon - 325 m whereas the Nocturnal Boundary Layer (NBL) height decrease progressively during the corresponding period: summer - 370 m, SW monsoon - 340 m and NE monsoon - 210 m.
Physical and chemical characteristics of aerosols over Arabian Sea during ARMEX 2002 - 03
Authors: RAO P. S. P. , PRAVEEN P. S. , CHATE D. M. , ALI K. , SAFAI P. D. , MOMIN G. A. 
Published: January 2022

Total Suspended Particulates (TSP) and size segregated aerosols were collected over Arabian Sea during Arabian Sea Monsoon Experiment (ARMEX) campaign in the monsoon season (June- August, 2002) and in the pre-monsoon season (Feb-March, 2003) onboard Ocean Research Vessel, Sagar Kanya. All the aerosol samples were analysed for major water soluble ionic components. The higher (nearly double) TSP levels in monsoon season than those in pre-monsoon season were observed which may be due to high bubble bursting activity on sea surface due to high winds in monsoon. Chemical composition of aerosols revealed that sea salt (NaCl) is the major contributor to the total ionic composition of aerosols during the monsoon season and the anthropogenic ions i.e., SO4 and NO3 are the major contributors during the pre-monsoon seasons. The size distribution of aerosols showed bimodal with a dominant peak in coarse size. 70% of the total aerosols are contributed by coarse aerosols which are originated from sea. The aerosols were found to be in alkaline nature during the monsoon season and acidic during the pre-monsoon season.
La competencia fraseológica en la enseñanza del español como lengua extranjera: una experiencia metodológica
Authors: Villavicencio Simón Yessy , Grajales Melian Ivan Gabriel 
Published: January 2022

Nos cursos de espanhol como língua estrangeira da Universidad de Oriente, Cuba, há evidência de uma interpretação limitada do significado léxico em relação ao desenvolvimento da competência fraseológica do estudante não falante de espanhol, o que dificulta suas possibilidades interativas no contexto de imersão sociocultural, neste caso, cubano. Por esta razão, este artigo demonstra a sistematização dos procedimentos fraseodidáticos por meio de uso de um conto literário: "Mercado libre", do José Soler Puig (1916-1996). Para tanto, são examinado s alguns pressupostos teóricos que permitem ao professor compreender e implementar esses procedimentos a partir da sequência de tarefas de aprendizagem exemplificadas (ALESSANDRO, 2015; AVENTÍN FONTANA, 2005; BARRIEL GUEVARA; VILLAVICENCIO SIMÓN; FERNÁNDEZ ORTIZ, 2017; CORPAS PASTOR, 1996; DUMBRAVESCU; MERINO MAÑUECO, 2012; GÓMEZ MOLINA, 2000; TAVARES , 2017; LEIBRANDT, 2006; LÓPEZ VÁZQUEZ, 2011; MADRID, 2002; PAIVA, 2019; RUIZ GURILLO, 2000; SARACHO ARNÁIZ, 2015; SITMAN; LERNER, 1999; SZYNDLER, 2015; TIMOFEEVA TIMOFEEV, 2013; VILLAVICENCIO SIMÓN; GRAJALES MELIAN, 2009, 2012; VILLAVICENCIO SIMÓN; TARDO FERNÁNDEZ, 2018). A análise revela a importância do tratamento do conto literário para o aprendizado de unidades fraseológicas como conteúdo apropriado para o desenvolvimento da competência fraseológica no ensino do espanhol como língua estrangeira.
Democracia, desenvolvimento e accountability no plano local: estudo sobre as prestações de contas dos municípios piauienses
Authors: Carvalho Valter Rodrigues , Carvalho Cláudio Rêgo 
Published: January 2022

Este artigo busca observar a associação entre os fatores socioeconômicos e a prática de accountability dos gestores públicos piauienses nos anos de 2010 a 2013. É um estudo de caso sobre alguns municípios selecionados e analisados através de pesquisa qualitativa e quantitativa. Foi possível evidenciar que os municípios com maiores IDHMs mostraram práticas de accountability societal mais robustas devido ao maior pluralismo social e organizacional e capacidades estatais. A partir da aprovação/reprovação das contas de gestão, os municípios de maior IDHM demonstraram maior accountability societal. Concluímos que um controle do tipo alarme de incêndio – pressão social vinda da sociedade – evitou que o controle fosse apenas do tipo patrulha de polícia – accountability horizontal realizada pelo TCE-PI –, resultando em prestações de contas regularizadas e de acordo com as regras da boa gestão pública.
A (In)Constitucionalidade E A (I)Legitimidade Do Artigo 122: Implicações Dogmáticas Da Autonomia No Direito Penal
Authors: Tourinho Luciano De Oliveira Souza , Silva Sotero Ana Paula , Louzada Lívia Cardoso 
Published: January 2022

O presente artigo objetiva examinar a (in)constitucionalidade e a (i)legitimidade do art. 122 do Código Penal, recentemente alterado pela Lei 13.968/19, que tipifica a participação no suicídio e na automutilação de outrem. O problema se encontra no conflito entre o interesse estatal na proteção dos bens jurídicos vida e integridade física e o legítimo interesse no respeito à autonomia daquele que pratica a autolesão. A solução para tal situação mostra-se controvertida e extremamente relevante, precisamente ao direito penal. A pergunta a que se direciona a pesquisa é se pode o direito penal cominar responsabilidade àquele que auxilia, instiga ou induz outrem ao cometimento de suicídio ou automutilação. A partir desse questionamento, por meio do método exploratório e da abordagem lógico-dedutiva, expõe-se a insuficiência dos fundamentos que supostamente legitimam a criminalização da participação em suicídio e automutilações e, simultaneamente, projeta-se uma proposta de tratamento adequado às condutas descritas no tipo em exame.
Livro Didático Adaptado em Libras: espelho da cultura educacional
Authors: Miranda Dayse Garcia 
Published: January 2022

Este artigo se propõe a tratar especificamente do livro didático (LD) adaptado em língua de sinais (LS) pensando esse suporte pedagógico como espelho da cultura escolar. A discussão apoiará em pesquisadores — Basso (2003), Souza (2015), Moses, Golos e Holcomb (2018), Krusser (2017), Munakata (2016), Ramos (2013), Miranda (2010, 2019) e Silva et al. (2013) — que discutem sobre materiais didáticos específicos para crianças surdas. Dessa forma, intenciona uma revisão da literatura pertinente ao tema. Apresentar uma reflexão sobre a relação da escola com os materiais didáticos adaptados em Libras, à entrada das Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação (TICs) no ambiente escolar, a como os alunos leem esse texto sinalizado e a como as adaptações em língua de sinais podem construir sentidos a partir desse novo formato de leitura. Por fim, apontar as conjecturas descritas por estudiosos da área quanto a esses materiais didáticos.
Visualização de ontologias: perspectivas para a representação de domínios modelizados
Authors: Regly Tainá , Campos Maria Luiza de Almeida 
Published: January 2022

Objetivo: Trata do uso de visualizações para representar ontologias de domínio. Objetivo: identificar as técnicas de visualização da informação aptas a representar esse Sistema de Organização do Conhecimento. Metodologia: uma abordagem qualitativa, de natureza aplicada e objetivo exploratório onde foi realizado um estudo bibliográfico. Resultados: apresenta e exemplifica as técnicas e ferramentas lista identada, árvores de links e nós, visualização zoomable, preenchimento de espaço, foco mais contexto e paisagem 3D. Conclusões: aponta a inexistência de uma técnica apropriada a todos os cenários onde uma visualização de ontologia pode estar inserida.
Plataforma cineasterna: o serviço de streaming em bibliotecas públicas da Suécia
Authors: Sundström Admeire Da Silva Santos 
Published: January 2022

Apresenta a Plataforma Cineasterna, que é utilizada como serviço de streaming nas bibliotecas públicas da Suécia, também aborda a origem das bibliotecas públicas na Suécia e como esta vem se relacionando ao longo do tempo, principalmente na atualidade, com o empréstimo de materiais audiovisuais e foca no serviço streaming. Para atingir os objetivos, utilizou-se o método de pesquisa bibliográfica por meio de uma revisão sistemática da literatura, pesquisa de campo a duas bibliotecas públicas suecas, e descrição da usabilidade da plataforma Cineasterna. Como resultado, compreendeu-se que a lei de depósito legal para os audiovisuais foi uma decisão de grande importância para compreensão destes enquanto documentos pertencentes a biblioteca no país em questão. Aponta-se também o limite linguístico da plataforma. Além disso, a modalidade de empréstimo por streaming traz novas discussões para área da Ciência da Informação, tais como direitos autorais, plataformas digitais e necessidade de constante inovações nos serviços e produtos das unidades de informação.
SOURCES FOR STUDYING PEASANT PROTEST IN SAMARA PROVINCE IN 1918–1922
Authors: Мистрюгов П.А. 
Published: January 2022

В статье рассмотрены документальные материалы по истории протестной активности кре-стьянства в Самарской губернии. Выявленные документы относятся к деятельности чрезвычайных структур советской власти, задействованных в деле ограничения протестов, принимавших различ-ные формы. Автор обращается к опубликованным сборникам документов и источникам, извле-ченным из центральных (Государственный архив Российской Федерации, Российский государст-венный военный архив, Российский государственный архив социально-политической истории, Центральный архив ФСБ России) и региональных (Центральный государственный архив Самар-ской области и Самарский областной государственный архив социально-политической истории) архивов.
The article examines documentary materials on the history of peasant protests in the Samara prov-ince, which relate to the activities of the extraordinary structures of the Soviet government, involved in the suppression of the peasantry. The author refers to published collections of documents and sources ex-tracted from the central (State Archives of the Russian Federation, Russian State Archives of Social and Political History, Central Archives of the FSB of Russia) and regional archives (Central State Archives of the Samara Region and Samara Regional Archives of Social and Political History).
AT THE ORIGINS OF THE TWO-PARTY SYSTEM IN ENGLAND
Authors: Лабутина Т.Л. 
Published: January 2022

В статье автор обращается к дискуссионной в исторической науке проблеме – возникнове-нию ранних политических партий в Англии во второй половине XVII века и становлению двух-партийной системы на рубеже XVII–XVIII веков. На основе анализа произведений современников эпохи – известных деятелей просветительского движения Г. Болингброка, Дж. Свифта, Д. Дефо, Р. Стиля, Дж. Аддисона, маркиза Галифакса делается вывод о существовании в указанный период партий тори и вигов и их борьбе за власть. Ранние политические партии заметно разнились с теми, которые существуют в современном мире. В то же время нельзя сбрасывать со счетов атрибуты, одинаково присущие ранним и современным партиям (партийная пресса, клубы, партийная пропа-ганда во время избирательных кампаний, деятельность идеологов и партийных лидеров). В пользу существования двухпартийной системы в ту пору говорит и наличие как однопартийных, так и смешанных кабинетов министров. К началу XVIII века политические партии заняли прочное ме-сто в структуре государственного правления, а двухпартийная система сделалась неотъемлемой частью конституционного устройства Англии.
In the article, the author addresses the problem discussed in historical science – the emergence of early political parties in England in the second half of the XVIIth century and the formation of a two-party sys-tem at the turn of the XVII–XVIIIth centuries. Basing on the analysis of the works of contemporaries of the era – famous figures of the Enlightenment H. Bolingbroke, J. Swift, D. Defoe, R. Style, J. Addison, the Marquis of Halifax, author concludes that the Tory and Whig parties existed in this period and struggled for power. The early political parties were noticeably different from those that exist in the modern world. At the same time, it is impossible to discount the attributes that are equally inherent in early and modern parties (the party press, clubs, party propaganda during election campaigns, the activities of ideologists and party leaders). In favor of the existence of a two-party system at that time, the presence of both single-party and mixed cabinet ministers also speaks. By the beginning of the XVIIIth century, political gained a firm place in the structure of state government, and the two-party system became an integral part of the constitutional structure of England.
THE PROBLEM OF BRITISH INDIAN POSSESSIONS’ SECURITY AT THE TURN OF THE XVIII–XIXth CENTURIES
Authors: Сабитова Л.Р. 
Published: January 2022

В статье предпринята попытка осмысления британской политики по обеспечению безопас-ности владений в Индии в период вторжения Наполеона Бонапарта в османские Египет и Сирию. Обозначены исторические истоки «индийской тревоги», проанализированы позиции основных от-ветственных структур (министерства иностранных дел, Контрольного совета по делам Индии, ме-стной администрации) и выявлены противоречия между ними, определившие отсутствие четкой стратегии.
The article attempts to explain British policy of providing Indian possessions’ security during the period of Napoleon Bonaparte’s invasion in Ottoman Egypt and Syria. The historical sources of “Indian anxiety” are defined. The positions of the main responsible structures (Foreign Office, Board of Control for India, local administration) are analyzed and contradictions between them, which led to the absence of definite strategy, are eliminated.
PROBLEMS OF INTEGRATION OF CENTRAL ASIA IN THE PRACTICE OF RUSSIAN IMPERIAL DIPLOMACY (1880s)
Authors: Чернов О.А. 
Published: January 2022

В статье рассматривается проблемы интеграции Средней Азии в практике российской им-перской дипломатии.
The article deals with the problems of integration of Central Asia in the practice of Russian impe-rial diplomacy.
KORELASI TEOLOGIS ANTARA AGONIZOMAI DENGAN HALAS DAN PHOS: Komitmen Kristen untuk Menjadi Saksi Kristus
Authors: Paparang Stenly R. 
Published: January 2022

As Witnesses of Christ, striving for the Gospel and experiencing the suffering are consequence of faith. Struggle to against all sin, corruption, and the darkness of the world is manifestation from disciple’s identity as salt and light of the world. In that line, the struggle of (??????????) Christians also called as manifestation of personal identity that attached to ‘salt’ (????) and ‘light’ (???) the world. The aims from this article to explain the theological correlation between ?????????? with ???? and ???. The correlation is manifested in two contexts of responsibility: first, the responsibility of faith in preaching the Gospel, preserving the world from corruption because of sin and human wickedness, as the manifestation from identity of ???? ??? ???; and second, the responsibility as follower of Jesus Christ in radiase the light of His love as a manifestation from identity of ??? ??? ??????. A descriptive-biblical approach is used to explain the meaning of the reference texts and explain the theological correlation between ?????????? and ???? and ???.

Sebagai saksi Kristus, berjuang demi Injil dan mengalami penderitaan adalah sebuah konsekuensi iman. Perjuangan melawan dosa, kebusukan, dan kegelapan dunia adalah wujud dari identitas para murid sebagai garam dunia dan terang dunia. Sejalan dengan itu, perjuangan (??????????) orang Kristen juga merupakan wujud dari identitas personal yang melekat padanya yakni ‘garam’ (????) dan ‘terang’ (???) dunia. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan korelasi teologis antara ?????????? dengan ???? dan ???. Korelasi tersebut terwujud dalam dua konteks tanggung jawab: pertama, tanggung jawab iman dalam memberitakan Injil, mengawetkan dunia dari pembusukan karena dosa dan kejahatan manusia, sebagai perwujudan dari identitas ???? ??? ???; dan kedua, tanggung jawab sebagai pengikut Yesus Kristus dalam memancarkan terang kasih-Nya sebagai perwujudan dari identitas ??? ??? ??????. Pendekatan deskriptif-biblika digunakan untuk menjelaskan makna dari teks-teks rujukan dan menjelaskan korelasi teologis antara ?????????? dengan ???? dan ???.
PENGEMBANGAN KEPRIBADIAN PEMIMPIN GEREJA: Pokok-Pokok Pikiran Keluaran 18:13-26
Authors: Hardiyanto Soegeng A. 
Published: January 2022

Everyone, especially church leaders never want to be fail on their leadership which they conduct on their church. Any effort they do in order to reach the best. Nevertheless, they will never get it if they don’t know what the key is. Besides the grace of God on the efforts, the key, it is indeed in his/ herself, -the quaility of the person as a leader. The truth of this statement is the most important value.

Keywords: church, organization, organism, leadership, learning

ABSTRAK
Setiap orang, apalagi kalau ia seorang pemimpin organisasi gereja, tidak pernah tidak ingin berhasil dalam kepemimpinan yang tengah dilaksanakannya. Segala usaha akan ditempuhnya untuk mencapai keinginannya tersebut. Kendatipun demikian, ia tidak akan pernah berhasil dengan gemilang, manakala ia tidak mengetahui dengan tepat le­tak dari kunci rahasia keberhasilan yang ingin dicapainya itu. Padahal, kunci ra­hasia keber­hasilan dari segala usaha yang ditempuhnya itu, -di samping rahmat Tuhan, sesungguhnya terletak di dalam dirinya sendiri. Dengan kata lain, kunci keberhasilan dari se­gala macam rancang­an dan usaha yang baik dari manusia itu adalah manusianya sendiri. Ke­benaran dari pernyataan di atas tidak akan dapat dia­baikan begitu saja, oleh karena ia merupakan salah satu kebenaran dari antara kebe­nar­an-kebenaran pernyataan yang paling pen­ting di mana pun juga di belahan bumi ini di sepanjang segala zaman.