bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of the combined application of orthokeratology and single-vision spectacles on slowing the progression of high myopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhao Congling , Cai Chunyan , Dai Hongbin , Zhang Jun 
Published: August 2022

Purpose:
The purpose of the study was to conduct a meta-analysis about the effect of the combined application of orthokeratology and single-vision spectacles on slowing the progression of high myopia.

Methods:
The literature was searched in PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, Wang Fang Data, CNKI and sinoMed. The Cochrane Handbook was used to evaluate the quality of the included randomized clinical trials, and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to evaluate the included case–control or cohort studies. The results were analyzed by Revman 5.3.

Results:
Five studies (2 randomized clinical trials, 2 case–controls, and 1 cohort study) with a total of 360 patients were included in this meta-analysis. The follow-up time was at least 1 year. Combined application of orthokeratology and single-vision spectacles were used in the experimental group. The control group used single-vision spectacles only. The pooled estimates indicated that the standardized mean difference between the 2 groups was –1.46 mm (95% confidence interval: –1.88 to –1.05; P < .05) for axial length elongation and –1.85D (95% confidence interval: –2.40 to –1.31; P < .05) for change in spherical equivalent refraction. No serious adverse events were reported in all studies.

Conclusion:
The combined application of orthokeratology and single-vision spectacles is more effective than single-vision spectacles only on slowing the progression of high myopia.
Cancer Fear, Emotion Regulation, and Emotional Distress in Patients With Newly Diagnosed Lung Cancer
Authors: Su Chia-Huei , Liu Yi , Hsu Hsin-Tien , Kao Chia-Chan 
Published: August 2022

Background
Research related to newly diagnosed lung cancer patients’ emotional regulation strategies and how these strategies influence their emotional distress is scarce.

Objective
The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between cancer fear, emotion regulation, and emotional distress in patients with newly diagnosed lung cancer.

Method
A cross-sectional, correlation research design was conducted, using self-report questionnaires: the Cancer Fear Scale, the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. A total of 117 newly diagnosed lung cancer patients were sampled.

Results
Nearly 70% of newly diagnosed lung cancer patients had a high level of cancer fear; 56.4%, depression; and 45.3%, anxiety. Depression was positively associated with cancer fear (r = 0.239, P < .01) and expressive suppression (r = 0.185, P < .05), but negatively associated with cognitive reappraisal (r = −0.323, P < .01). Anxiety was positively associated with cancer fear (r = 0.488, P < .01) but negatively associated with cognitive reappraisal (r = −0.214, P < .05). Cancer fear and cognitive reappraisal were significant explanatory factors and explained 25.2% of variance in anxiety. Cancer fear, expressive suppression, and cognitive reappraisal were significant explanatory factors and explained 16.7% of variance in depression.

Conclusions
Newly diagnosed lung cancer patients with cancer fear and who used fewer cognitive reappraisal strategies or more expressive suppression had more emotional distress.

Implications for Practice
Clinicians should be attentive to patients’ cancer fears and emotion regulation strategies as early as possible to prevent their emotional distress.
Health Care Hotspotting
Authors: Alderman Jennifer T. , Conklin Jamie 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Super-utilizers of the health care system compose a small percentage of the population, yet use the most health care resources. Hotspotting addresses this issue by providing high-quality, personalized care to this population.

Purpose:
This review examined how hotspotting has been defined, implemented, and measured.

Methods:
The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guided this review. Twelve databases were searched for hotspotting interventions in practice settings.

Results:
Sixteen studies were included. Hotspotting was primarily defined by the Camden Coalition of Healthcare Providers and relied on multiple professions, including nursing. Hotspotting interventions addressed access to care, social determinants of health, patient engagement, and health literacy. Some studies indicated that hotspotting reduced readmissions and emergency department visits and increased use in social services.

Conclusions:
Patients benefit from an interprofessional, personalized approach to their care planning. Hotspotting can lead to high-quality care through building trusted relationships.
Clinical Nurse Specialist Practice
Authors: Seyller Nicole , Makic Mary Beth Flynn 
Published: August 2022

Purpose/Objectives
Prolonged mechanical ventilation results from deeper levels of sedation. This may lead to impaired respiratory muscle functioning that develops into pneumonia, increases antibiotic use, increases delirium risk, and increases length of hospitalization. A trauma and surgical intensive care unit interdisciplinary team conducted a quality improvement project to lighten sedation levels and shorten mechanical ventilation time.

Description of the Project
The project included multimodal elements to improve sedation practice. Standardizing the spontaneous awakening trial algorithm, creation of electronic health record tools, integration of sedation practices into daily rounds, and focused education for nursing were implemented in April 2021 through October 2021.

Outcome
A reduction of median hours spent on mechanical ventilation was achieved. Mechanical ventilation hours decreased from 77 to 70. Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale levels improved from a median of −2 to −1, and daily spontaneous awakening trials increased from 10% to 27% completed.

Conclusion
The quality improvement project demonstrated that, with increased daily spontaneous awakening trials and lighter sedation levels, the time patients spent on mechanical ventilation was shortened. There was no increase to self-extubation with lighter sedations levels. Shorter time on mechanical ventilation can reduce patient harm risks.
The 100 Most-Cited Manuscripts on Blepharoptosis: A Bibliometric analysis
Authors: Huang Jiuzuo , Sun Yixin , Li Zhujun , Li Yunzhu , Zhao Ru , Yu Nanze , Long Xiao 
Published: August 2022

Background:
We conducted a bibliometric analysis of blepharoptosis, obtained the top 100 most-cited articles, and then researched the characteristics of every article.

Materials and Methods:
The Web of Science Citation Index was utilized to identify articles related to blepharoptosis written in English published from 1900 to 2021 using predefined search terms. Then, the returned results were screened, and the top 100 most-cited articles were individually classified based on publication year, country of publication, source journal, total citations, authors’ specialty, level of evidence, main subject, and type of study.

Results:
The 100 most-cited articles were published between 1948 and 2014. The number of citations/articles ranged from 49 to 743. Ophthalmology journals made the greatest contributions to landmark literature (n=61). The primary focus of these 100 studies was the surgical technique (n=41). The majority of them (n=52) only achieved level 4 evidence, as a high proportion of these articles were case series (n=52). The most common country of publication was the United States (n=59).

Conclusions:
Our bibliometric analysis provides insight into the citation frequency of the most-cited articles on blepharoptosis. The landmark, highly cited articles that have shaped the landscape of blepharoptosis were identified. The results from these top 100 cited articles are helpful for present current surgical decision-making.
Adult Cleft Patients: An Exploration of Functional Needs and Treatment Barriers
Authors: Braun Sterling E. , O’Connor Michaela K. , Garg Ravi K. 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Management of cleft lip and palate has been well characterized in pediatric patients, but limited data exist regarding the long-term functional outcomes of cleft patients once they reach adulthood.

Materials and Methods:
An institutional, cross-sectional survey of adult patients with a history of cleft lip and/or palate was performed. The survey recorded patient characteristics, concerns, and barriers to care. Patient-reported outcome measures were assessed using the Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation Scale, Epworth Sleepiness Scale, Mandibular Function Impairment Questionnaire, and the CLEFT-Q Speech Modules.

Results:
A total of 63 patients (18.2%) participated in the survey. The mean patient age was 43.7 years (median: 41 y, range: 19–93 y), and the most common diagnosis was cleft lip and palate (51%) followed by isolated cleft palate (35%) and isolated cleft lip (14%). A subset of patients scored with moderate to severe dysfunction on each outcome measure including the Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation Instrument (59%), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (7%), and Mandibular Function Impairment Questionnaire (13%). Respondent scores on the CLEFT-Q Speech modules demonstrated a bimodal distribution with lower scores in a significant subset of patients with cleft palate and cleft lip and palate. Many respondents (41%) were interested in clinical evaluation but cited barriers to seeking treatment including financial barriers (35%) or lack awareness of clinical options (27%).

Conclusions:
Many cleft patients have persistent needs or concerns in adulthood, especially regarding speech and nasal breathing. Systemic barriers pose challenges to these patients undergoing clinical evaluation.
Buccal Myomucosal Flap for Reconstruction of Red Lip Defects Close to Mouth Angle
Authors: Gao Qianqian , Yang Zhe , Ma Ning , Wang Weixin , Li Yangqun 
Published: August 2022

Background:Owing to the special esthetic and functional role in the face, red lip reconstruction presents a challenge to plastic surgeons. Various reconstructive techniques can be employed to fix the red lip defects close to the mouth angle. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate that the buccal myomucosal flap could be an available option to repair red lip defects with preservation of its esthetics and function.Methods:A single-center, retrospective study of 7 patients with red lip defects who were treated with buccal myomucosal flap was conducted between June 2017 and March 2022. All patients were followed up for at least 6 months including questionnaires and photography.Results:Of these 7 patients, 2 were women, and 5 were men. The average age was 14.3 years (range, 1–32 y). All the buccal myomucosal flaps survived well. All the donor sites were closed directly without complications. The average follow-up time was 33.4 months (range, 6–57 mo). All patients were satisfied with the aesthetic and functional results.Conclusion:The buccal myomucosal flap is versatile and reliable, with the advantages of rich vascularity, flexible design, and easy access. This study was presented to highlight that the flap could be a good candidate to treat red lip defects close to the mouth angle.
Prognostic Factors for Lymph Node Metastases in pT1 Colorectal Cancer Differ According to Tumor Morphology: A Nationwide Cohort Study
Authors: Ebbehøj Anders L. , Smith Henry G. , Jørgensen Lars N. , Krarup Peter-Martin 
Published: August 2022

Objective:
To investigate whether there is a differential impact of histopathological risk factors for lymph node metastases (LNM) in pedunculated and nonpedunculated pT1 colorectal cancers (CRC).

Background:
Tumor budding, lymphovascular invasion (LVI), and venous invasion (VI) are recognized risk factors for LNM in pT1 CRC. Whether the importance of these factors varies according to tumor morphology is unknown.

Methods:
Patients undergoing resection with lymphadenectomy for pT1 CRC in Denmark from January 2016 to January 2019 were identified in the Danish Colorectal Cancer Database and clinicopathological data was reviewed. Prognostic factors for LNM were investigated using multivariable analyses on the cohort as a whole as well as when stratifying according to tumor morphology (pedunculated vs. nonpedunculated).

Results:
A total of 1167 eligible patients were identified, of whom 170 had LNM (14.6%). Independent prognostic factors for LNM included LVI [odds ratio (OR)=4.26, P<0.001], VI (OR=3.42, P<0.001), tumor budding (OR=2.12, P=0.002), high tumor grade (OR=2.76, P=0.020), and age per additional year (OR=0.96, P<0.001). On subgroup analyses, LVI and VI remained independently prognostic for LNM regardless of tumor morphology. However, tumor budding was only prognostic for LNM in pedunculated tumors (OR=4.19, P<0.001), whereas age was only prognostic in nonpedunculated tumors (OR=0.61, P=0.003).

Conclusions:
While LVI and LI were found to be prognostic of LNM in all pT1 CRC, the prognostic value of tumor budding differs between pedunculated and nonpedunculated tumors. Thus, tumor morphology should be taken into account when considering completion surgery in patients undergoing local excision.
Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli clonal complex 32, including serotype O145:H28, in the UK and Ireland
Authors: Rodwell Ella V. , Chan Yung-Wai , Sawyer Clare , Carroll Anne , McNamara Eleanor , Allison Lesley , Browning Lynda , Holmes Anne , Godbole Gauri , McCarthy Noel , Jenkins Claire 
Published: August 2022

Introduction. Shiga toxin-producing

Escherichia coli

(STEC) O157:H7 has been the most clinically significant STEC serotype in the UK for over four decades. Over the last 10 years we have observed a decrease in STEC O157:H7 and an increase in non-O157 STEC serotypes, such as O145:H28.

Gap Statement. Little is known about the microbiology and epidemiology of STEC belonging to CC32 (including O145:H28) in the UK. The aim of this study was to integrate genomic data with patient information to gain a better understanding of the virulence, disease severity, epidemic risk assessment and population structure of this clinically significant clonal complex.

Methodology. Isolates of

E. coli

belonging to CC32 (n=309) in the archives of public health agencies in the UK and Ireland were whole-genome-sequenced, virulence-profiled and integrated with enhanced surveillance questionnaire (ESQ) data, including exposures and disease severity.

Results. Overall, diagnoses of STEC belonging to CC32 (290/309, 94 %) in the UK have increased every year since 2014. Most cases were female (61 %), and the highest proportion of cases belonged to the 0–4 age group (53/211,25 %). The frequency of symptoms of diarrhoea (92 %), abdominal pain (84 %), blood in stool (71 %) and nausea (51 %) was similar to that reported in cases of STEC O157:H7, although cases of STEC CC32 were more frequently admitted to hospital (STEC CC32 48 % vs O157:H7  34 %) and/or developed haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS) (STEC CC32 9 % vs O157:H7 4 %).
The majority of STEC isolates (268/290, 92 %) had the stx2a/eae virulence gene combination, most commonly associated with progression to STEC HUS. There was evidence of person-to-person transmission and small, temporally related, geographically dispersed outbreaks, characteristic of foodborne outbreaks linked to nationally distributed products.

Conclusion. We recommend more widespread use of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the detection of all STEC serogroups, the development of consistent strategies for the follow-up testing of PCR-positive faecal specimens, the implementation of more comprehensive and standardized collection of epidemiological data, and routine sharing of sequencing data between public health agencies worldwide.
Pre-Service Education and Continuous Professional Development on Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting for maternal health professionals working in OECD countries: A Scoping Review Protocol
Authors: Apini-Welcland Lisa , Daniele Marina A.S. , Rocca-Ihenacho Lucia , McCourt Christine 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe aim of this scoping review is to map the available evidence on pre-service education and continuous professional development (CPD) for maternal health professionals providing services to pregnant women with Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting (FGM/C) in OECD countries.FGM/C is a form of gender-based violence and has become a global phenomenon due to changing patterns in migration flows. Pre-service education curricula and CPD for maternal health professionals need to ensure FGM/C inclusion in order to provide quality services in high-prevalence countries or those serving as home for diaspora communities.Inclusion criteria are studies, training curricula for the education of midwives, doctors or other health professionals providing maternity services, protocols and guidelines on FGM/C training, other online FGM/C training resources from OECD countries. Documents from 2010 onwards will be included. Studies in English, Spanish, French, Italian, Portuguese and German are eligible for inclusion.The search will be carried out using keywords derived from the Population-Concept-Context (PCC) framework and entered into three databases. A grey literature search will be conducted to identify additional material, policy documents, training resources and PhD theses. The search strategy will be supplemented by focused searching for guidelines and other online resources on FGM/C and CPD activities as well as study curricula. Key personnel from education institutions, professional associations, regulatory bodies and FGM/C experts will be contacted to contribute to the review based on their knowledge and experience. All eligible material will be objectively summarized and transferred into a standardized data extraction form.Findings will be collated by type, search studies or educational curricula to draw overall conclusions about the status of professional training opportunities in OECD countries.
Coping strategies employed by transgender youth with higher and lower quality of life
Authors: Chinazzo Ítala Raymundo , Vaitses Fontanari Anna Martha , de Brito Silva Bruno , Rodrigues Lucca P. , Costa Angelo Brandelli , Rodrigues Lobato Maria Inês 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTransgender youth are especially susceptible and vulnerable to mental health concerns. Minority Stress Theory may explain these mental health concerns and avoidance to seek healthcare provision in this population. Understanding transgender youth adaptive and maladaptive coping mechanisms may help create strategies that promote quality of life and reduce the negative influence of stress on their mental health. Our study aims to measure the quality of life of Brazilian binary and non-binary transgender youth and analyze the association with their coping strategies used for dealing with general social and gender-related stress. Participants were recruited through Facebook advertisement directed to young Brazilians, aged from 16 to 24 years, who “liked” pages or joined groups related to LGBTQ+ movement. Gender identity was evaluated by the Two Steps Method. Coping was evaluated by the Coping with Stress Checklist; and quality of life, by the Quality of My Life questionnaire. The final sample consisted of 185 participants. Out of the total, 95 (46.34%) identified as transgender boys, 45 (21.95%) as transgender girls, and 65 (31.71%) as non-binary youth. The mean age was 18.61 years (SD 2.43). The study found that 53.9% of the sample had low self-perceived quality of life, 48.0% depression, and 68.3% anxiety. Better quality of life was related to socialization (p=0.02), whereas a worse quality of life was related to avoidance attitudes (p=0.05), concerning coping with general stress. The study found no association between coping strategies for gender-related stress and quality of life. The Brazilian transgender youth may need support to develop adaptive coping skills to deal with both general and gender-related stress. Also, social interventions against prejudice are needed to achieve better results in the quality of life for transgender youth. Mental health professionals should explore the unique needs and stressors of transgender identity and explore adaptive coping strategies.
First detection of Monkeypox virus genome in sewersheds in France
Authors: Wurtzer Sebastien , Levert Morgane , Dhenain Eloise , Boni Mickael , Tournier Jean Nicolas , Londinsky Nicolas , Lefranc Agnès ,   Obepine SIG, Ferraris Olivier , Moulin Laurent 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA monkeypox virus outbreak is currently spreading in multiple non-endemic countries since May 2022. The atypical clinical profile of patients has led to a very likely underestimation of the number of cases at the beginning of epidemic. The detection and quantification of the Monkeypox virus genome in sewersheds in Paris (France) correlated temporally with the identification of the first case of infection and the spread of the disease within the population connected to the sewage system.
A biologically plausible dynamic deep network for recognizing structure from motion and biological motion
Authors: Gundavarapu Anila , Chakravarthy V Srinivasa 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACTA breakthrough in the understanding of dynamic 3D shape recognition was the discovery that our visual system can extract 3D shape from inputs having only sparse motion cues such as (i) point light displays and (ii) random dot displays representing rotating 3D shapes - phenomena named as biological motion (BM) processing and structure from motion (SFM) respectively. Previous psychological and computational modeling studies viewed these two as separate phenomena and could not fully identify the shared visual processing mechanisms underlying the two phenomena. Using a series of simulation studies, we describe the operations of a dynamic deep network model to explain the mechanisms underlying both SFM and BM processing. In simulation-1, the proposed Structure from Motion Network (SFMNW) is trained using displays of 5 rotating surfaces (cylinder, cone, ellipsoid, sphere and helix) and tested on its shape recognition performance under a variety of conditions: (i) varying dot density, (ii) eliminating local feature stability by introducing a finite dot lifetime, (iii) orienting shapes, (iv) occluding boundaries and intrinsic surfaces (v) embedding shape in static and dynamic noise backgrounds. Our results indicate that smaller dot density of rotating shape, oriented shapes, occluding boundaries, and dynamic noise backgrounds reduced the model’s performance whereas eliminating local feature stability, occluding intrinsic boundaries, and static noise backgrounds had little effect on shape recognition, suggesting that the motion of high curvature regions like shape boundaries provide strong cues in shape recognition. In simulation-2, the proposed Biological Motion Network (BMNW) is trained using 6 point-light actions (crawl, cycle, walk, jump, wave, and salute) and tested its action recognition performance on various conditions: (i) inverted (ii) scrambled (iii) tilted (iv) masked (v) actions, embedded in static and dynamic noise backgrounds. Model performance dropped significantly for the presentation of inverted and tilted actions. On the other hand, better accuracy was attained in distinguishing scrambled, masked actions, performed under static and dynamic noise backgrounds, suggesting that critical joint movements and their movement pattern generated in the course of action (actor configuration) play a key role in action recognition performance. We also presented the above two models with mixed stimuli (a point light actions embedded in rotating shapes), and achieved significantly high accuracies. Based on the above results we hypothesize that visual motion circuitry supporting robust SFM processing is also involved in the BM processing. The proposed models provide new insights into the relationships between the two visual motion phenomena viz., SFM and BM processing.