bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ethical and Methodological Considerations of Twitter Data for Public Health Research: Systematic Review
Authors: Takats Courtney , Kwan Amy , Wormer Rachel , Goldman Dari , Jones Heidi E , Romero Diana 
Published: November 2022

Background
Much research is being carried out using publicly available Twitter data in the field of public health, but the types of research questions that these data are being used to answer and the extent to which these projects require ethical oversight are not clear.

Objective
This review describes the current state of public health research using Twitter data in terms of methods and research questions, geographic focus, and ethical considerations including obtaining informed consent from Twitter handlers.

Methods
We implemented a systematic review, following PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines, of articles published between January 2006 and October 31, 2019, using Twitter data in secondary analyses for public health research, which were found using standardized search criteria on SocINDEX, PsycINFO, and PubMed. Studies were excluded when using Twitter for primary data collection, such as for study recruitment or as part of a dissemination intervention.

Results
We identified 367 articles that met eligibility criteria. Infectious disease (n=80, 22%) and substance use (n=66, 18%) were the most common topics for these studies, and sentiment mining (n=227, 62%), surveillance (n=224, 61%), and thematic exploration (n=217, 59%) were the most common methodologies employed. Approximately one-third of articles had a global or worldwide geographic focus; another one-third focused on the United States. The majority (n=222, 60%) of articles used a native Twitter application programming interface, and a significant amount of the remainder (n=102, 28%) used a third-party application programming interface. Only one-third (n=119, 32%) of studies sought ethical approval from an institutional review board, while 17% of them (n=62) included identifying information on Twitter users or tweets and 36% of them (n=131) attempted to anonymize identifiers. Most studies (n=272, 79%) included a discussion on the validity of the measures and reliability of coding (70% for interreliability of human coding and 70% for computer algorithm checks), but less attention was paid to the sampling frame, and what underlying population the sample represented.

Conclusions
Twitter data may be useful in public health research, given its access to publicly available information. However, studies should exercise greater caution in considering the data sources, accession method, and external validity of the sampling frame. Further, an ethical framework is necessary to help guide future research in this area, especially when individual, identifiable Twitter users and tweets are shared and discussed.

Trial Registration
PROSPERO CRD42020148170; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=148170
Monitoring and Identifying Emerging e-Cigarette Brands and Flavors on Twitter: Observational Study
Authors: Tang Qihang , Zhou Runtao , Xie Zidian , Li Dongmei 
Published: November 2022

Background
Flavored electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) have become very popular in recent years. e-Cigarette users like to share their e-cigarette products and e-cigarette use (vaping) experiences on social media. e-Cigarette marketing and promotions are also prevalent online.

Objective
This study aims to develop a method to identify new e-cigarette brands and flavors mentioned on Twitter and to monitor e-cigarette brands and flavors mentioned on Twitter from May 2021 to December 2021.

Methods
We collected 1.9 million tweets related to e-cigarettes between May 3, 2021, and December 31, 2021, by using the Twitter streaming application programming interface. Commercial and noncommercial tweets were characterized based on promotion-related keywords. We developed a depletion method to identify new e-cigarette brands by removing the keywords that already existed in the reference data set (Twitter data related to e-cigarettes from May 3, 2021, to August 31, 2021) or our previously identified brand list from the keywords in the target data set (e-cigarette–related Twitter data from September 1, 2021, to December 31, 2021), followed by a manual Google search to identify new e-cigarette brands. To identify new e-cigarette flavors, we constructed a flavor keyword list based on our previously collected e-cigarette flavor names, which were used to identify potential tweet segments that contain at least one of the e-cigarette flavor keywords. Tweets or tweet segments with flavor keywords but not any known flavor names were marked as potential new flavor candidates, which were further verified by a web-based search. The longitudinal trends in the number of tweets mentioning e-cigarette brands and flavors were examined in both commercial and noncommercial tweets.

Results
Through our developed methods, we identified 34 new e-cigarette brands and 97 new e-cigarette flavors from commercial tweets as well as 56 new e-cigarette brands and 164 new e-cigarette flavors from noncommercial tweets. The longitudinal trend of the e-cigarette brands showed that JUUL was the most popular e-cigarette brand mentioned on Twitter; however, there was a decreasing trend in the mention of JUUL over time on Twitter. Menthol flavor was the most popular e-cigarette flavor mentioned in the commercial tweets, whereas mango flavor was the most popular e-cigarette flavor mentioned in the noncommercial tweets during our study period.

Conclusions
Our proposed methods can successfully identify new e-cigarette brands and flavors mentioned on Twitter. Twitter data can be used for monitoring the dynamic changes in the popularity of e-cigarette brands and flavors.
O trotskista Mário Pedrosa e a crise do Modernismo brasileiro
Authors: Oliveira Edson Luiz 
Published: November 2022

O artigo busca demonstrar as afinidades entre Mário Pedrosa, Leon Trotsky, o criador do Exército Vermelho e o líder do movimento surrealista, André Breton. Uma análise de suas biografias aponta para trajetórias muito diversas, mas a convergência de ideais. Trotsky e Breton reuniram-se no México, em 1938, para escrever o “Manifesto Por uma Arte Revolucionária Independente”, onde se proclamava o princípio de total liberdade em arte, permanecendo sempre fiel à revolução socialista. Enquanto Pedrosa iniciou o seu compromisso com a função social da arte na conferência “As tendências sociais da arte e Käthe Kollwitz”, onde conectou a natureza política da arte moderna à dinâmica social num momento em que o Modernismo brasileiro passava por profunda crise ideológica. Pedrosa e Trotsky jamais se encontraram pessoalmente, apesar do brasileiro ter participado ativamente na fundação da IV Internacional. Assim, Pedrosa permaneceu fiel por toda vida ao ideal trotskista de “toda licença em arte”.
Construindo tesselações hiperbólicas no disco de Poincaré com o GeoGebra
Authors: Nós Rudimar Luiz , Dias Albon Alfred James 
Published: November 2022

Apresentamos neste trabalho algumas características da geometria do disco de Poincaré, uma geometria hiperbólica no plano, e associamos algumas obras do artista gráfico holandês Maurits Cornelis Escher com tesselações no círculo. Empregamos também as ferramentas hiperbólicas do GeoGebra para construir figuras bidimensionais e uma tesselação no disco de Poincaré com triângulos hiperbólicos. Concluímos que o GeoGebra é uma ótima ferramenta para ser explorada no estudo de geometrias não Euclidianas no plano, principalmente no curso de Licenciatura em Matemática.
Stand up Clown: pontos de contato entre as práticas do stand up comedy e do palhaço
Authors: Fernandes Coelho Thiago Henrique , Wuo Ana Elvira 
Published: November 2022

Esse estudo surge a partir do interesse do autor em relação ao tema comédia, a aliado as experiências em disciplinas no curso de teatro. A proposta do projeto inicial teve como uns dos objetivos o levantamento bibliográfico sobre a história da comédia nas bibliotecas e redes sociais. Contudo, em conversas realizadas na orientação, e participação em vivências no grupo de pesquisa sobre comicidade[1] e também na observação dos palhaços em visitas no hospital, do projeto de extensão “Pediatras do Riso”[2]. A partir da práxis e reflexões teóricas descritas acima observou-se as formas diferenciadas com que as duas linhas de trabalho se apresentam para uma plateia, por esse motivo surgiu o interesse de tentar estudar outras formas de comicidade tais como o stand up. Relacionar o stand up com o palhaço, agregando um trabalho de campo em convivência com os palhaços e o próprio autor da pesquisa participando como palhaço no hospital. Para tal, dá-se uma breve definição da etimologia da palavra palhaço e um breve resumo da história do stand up. Com isso, foi definido categorias de observação para tentar tecer comparações, tais como: corporal, textual, temática, crítica e a recepção.Com base no estudado e discutido, considere-se que um dos pontos que mais liga o stand up com o palhaço/clown é a naturalidade/espontaneidade, também o fato de os dois não terem medo de se colocar como ridículos.. A exposição das fraquezas, do fracassar na vida, que são traços humanos, o homem não é feito só de sucesso, temos o lado fracassado, o imperfeito. A comédia mostra como o ser humano é imperfeito nos seus comportamentos.[1] GECA- Grupo de Estudos da Comicidade do Ator.[2] Projeto do curso de teatro com a Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, no Hospital das Clínicas.
Quantitative and Descriptive Paradermal Anatomy of Dendrobium discolour and Phalaenopsis amabilis Orchid Leaves
Authors: Handayani Tundjung Tripeni , Pramono Eko 
Published: November 2022

Dendrobium dan Phalaenopsis merupakan sumber daya genetik anggrek yang semakin langka, sehingga perlu dilakukan upaya pemuliaan untuk melestarikannya. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui karakter morfologi dan anatomi Dendrobium dan Phalaenopsis. Metode yang digunakan yakni sayatan paradermal pada epidermis daun anggrek yang diamati secara mikroskopik, kuantitas anatominya, dan kualitas gambarnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan faktor tunggal dengan dua jenis anggrek yang digunakan dalam rancangan acak kelompok, serta variabel kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kedua permukaan Dendrobium memiliki Panjang dan lebar stomata yang hampir sama, sedangkan pada Phalaenopsis pada permukaan bawah daun memiliki ukuran stomata yang sedikit lebih besar dibandingkan dengan permukaan atas. Dendrobium memiliki bentuk sel epidermis atas heksagonal, jenis stomata parasite dan bagian bawah tetrasitik, sedangkan daun Phalaenopsis di permukaan bawah dan atas adalah tetrasitik. Stomata terdapat pada permukaan atas dan bawah daun anggrek Dendrobium dan Phalaenopsis. Berdasarkan dari penelitian yang telah dilakukan terdapat perbedaan pada jumlah stomata, bentuk sel epidermis dan jenis stomata pada permukaan daun atas dan bawah anggrek Dendrobium maupun Phalaenopsis.

Kata kunci: Anatomi, Anggrek, Dendrobium, Paradermal, Phalaenopsis.

Dendrobium and Phalaenopsis are genetic resources of orchids that are increasingly rare, so breeding efforts are needed to preserve them. The purpose of this study was to determine the morphological and anatomical characters of Dendrobium and Phalaenopsis. This research was conducted in April-September 2021 at the Botanical Laboratory of the Biology Department, University of Lampung. The method used is a paradermal incision on the epidermis of orchid leaves which was observed microscopically, the anatomical quantity, and the image quality. This study used a single factor with two types of orchids used in a randomized block design, as well as qualitative and quantitative variables. The results showed that the two surfaces of Dendrobium had almost the same length and width of stomata, while Phalaenopsis on the lower surface of the leaves had stomata size which was slightly larger than the upper surface. Dendrobium has a hexagonal upper epidermal cell shape, parasite stomata type and the bottom is tetracytic, while Phalaenopsis leaves on the lower and upper surfaces are tetracytic. Stomata are found on the upper and lower surfaces of the leaves of Dendrobium and Phalaenopsis orchids. Based on the research that has been done, there are differences in the number of stomata, the shape of the epidermal cells and the type of stomata on the upper and lower leaf surfaces of Dendrobium and Phalaenopsis orchids.

Keywords: Anatomy, Orchid, Dendrobium, Paradermal, Phalaenopsis.
Mesenchymal stem cells and connective tissue diseases: From bench to bedside
Authors: Shi Yue , Jiang Nan , Li Mengtao , Zeng Xiaofeng , Tian Xinping 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The pathogenesis of connective tissue diseases (CTDs), represented by systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic sclerosis (SSc), primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS), and idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM), includes various immune cells involved in both innate and adaptive immunity. The mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are unique due to their regulatory effect on immunity. This makes them a promising therapeutic approach for patients with immune-mediated disorders such as CTD. The safety and clinical efficacy of MSC treatment in CTD have been tested in a growing number of preclinical and clinical studies. Administration of MSCs has consistently shown benefits with both symptomatic and histologic improvement in CTD animal models. MSC therapies in severe and drug-resistant CTD patients have shown promise in a number of the pilot studies, cohort studies, and randomized controlled trials in SLE, RA, and SSc, but some problems still need to be resolved in the transition from the bench to the bedside. The relevant studies in pSS and IIM are still in their infancy, but have displayed encouraging outcomes. Considerable efficacy variations have been observed in terms of the route of delivery, time of MSC injection, origin of the MSCs and dosage. Furthermore, the optimization of conventional drugs combined with MSC therapies and the applications of novel cell engineering approaches requires additional research. In this review, we summarize the current evidence about the immunoregulatory mechanism of MSCs, as well as the preclinical and clinical studies of MSC-based therapy for the treatment of CTDs.
Predictors of progression in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies with interstitial lung disease
Authors: Cao Heng , Huang Jiao , Chang Jie , Zhu Yaqin , Liang Junyu , Sun Chuanyin , Lin Jin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs) are a group of connective tissue diseases that afect multiple organ systems, including the lungs. Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is the most common and heterogeneous complication of IIMs, with its degree ranging from mild to fatal. Thus, it is critical to identify clinical features and validated biomarkers for predicting disease progression and prognosis, which could be beneficial for therapy adjustment. In this review, we discuss predictors for rapid progression of IIM-ILD and propose guidance for disease monitoring and implications of therapy. Systematic screening of myositis-specific antibodies, measuring serum biomarker levels, pulmonary function tests, and chest high-resolution computer tomography will be beneficial for the evaluation of disease progression and prognosis.
Hypervolemia suppresses dilutional anaemic injury in a rat model of haemodilution
Authors: Cakir Muzaffer Utku , Yavuz-Aksu Berna , Aksu Ugur 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background and Objectives
Haemodilution leads to complications in clinical practice. It is exactly unknown whether this damage is caused by the fluid or by the stretching of the vascular bed. We aimed to compare two different haemodilution techniques at the same anaemic level.

Methods
Normovolemic or hypervolemic haemodilution was performed on twelve adult male Wistar rats. In the normovolemic procedure, blood was withdrawn and instantaneously administered with similar amounts of 6% hydroxyethyl starch (HES 130/0.4). Fluid was administered without withdrawing blood in the hypervolemic procedure. In both models, a 25% haematocrit level was targeted and kept at this level for 90 min to deepen the anaemia effect. Besides haemodynamics measurement, renal function (creatinine, blood urea nitrogen) and injury (tissue norepinephrine, malondialdehyde) were evaluated. Also, systemic hypoxia (lactate), oxidative stress (malondialdehyde, ischaemia-modified albumin), inflammation (tumour necrosis factor-alpha [TNF-α]), osmotic stress, adrenal stress (norepinephrine, epinephrine), and vascular stretching (atrial natriuretic peptide [ANP]) were assessed.

Results
Arterial pressure in the normovolemic group was lower than in the hypervolemic group. Serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, and lactate levels were higher in the normovolemic group. Tissue norepinephrine and malondialdehyde levels were higher in the normovolemic group. Serum ANP, malondialdehyde, ischaemia-modified albumin, free haemoglobin, syndecan-1, and TNF-α were higher in both groups compared to respective baseline.

Conclusions
Normovolemic haemodilution may lead to hypoxic kidney injury. The hypervolemic state may be advantageous if fluid is to be administered. Thus, the effect of the fluid itself can be relatively masked.
Vaccine-induced rabies in a red fox in Poland
Authors: Smreczak Marcin , Orłowska Anna , Müller Thomas , Freuling Conrad M. , Kawiak-Sadurska Magdalena , Trębas Paweł 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Introduction
Rabies as a zoonosis threatens public health worldwide. Several thousand people die each year of infections by the rabies virus (RABV). Oral rabies vaccination (ORV) of wildlife was successfully implemented in many European countries and led to rabies being brought under control there. In Poland, ORV was introduced in 1993 using vaccines containing an attenuated strain of the rabies virus. However, attenuated rabies viruses may have residual pathogenicity and cause the disease in target and non-target animals.

Material and Methods
A red fox carcass was tested as part of national rabies surveillance, and its brain was screened for RABV infection using two conjugates and a fluorescent antibody test (FAT). The rabies virus was isolated in mouse neuroblastoma cells by rabies tissue culture infection test (RTCIT), and viral RNA was detected by heminested reverse transcriptase PCR (hnRT-PCR) as well as by quantitative real-time RT-PCR (rtRT-qPCR). An amplicon of 600 bp was subjected to Sanger sequencing. To differentiate between vaccine and field RABV strains, PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) using the Dra I, Msp I, Nla IV and Mbo II restriction endonucleases was performed.

Results
The rabies virus was detected in the fox’s brain using FAT, RTCIT and molecular tests. The PCR-RFLP revealed of vaccine-induced rabies, and full-length genome analysis showed 100% nucleotide sequence identity of the isolate with the reference sequences of Street Alabama Dufferin Bern (SAD Bern) vaccine strains and other vaccine-induced rabies virus isolates detected in animals and deposited in GenBank.

Conclusion
We detected vaccine-induced rabies for the first time in Poland in a fox during routine rabies surveillance.
Pengaruh Model Problem Based Learning terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa pada Materi Statistika di Kelas V SD Negeri 3 Peukan Pidie
Authors: Ali Fauzi , Yamin M. , Asharaina Asharaina 
Published: November 2022

Problem Based Learning Model is a learning model by focusing student with authentic problem so that student can construct their own mind, to grow and innovate higher skills, to make them believe in themselves. The aim of this research is to know the influence of Problem Based Learning Model toward the student achievement at statistical matery at grade V SD Negeri 3 Peukan Pidie. This research used quantitative approach and experiment by using pre-experimental designs (non-designs) and one shot case study. Sample in this research consist of 33 students, those are 20 male and 13 female. Collecting data by using essay test. Data analysis to prove hypothesis by using t-test. From data analysis and proving hypothesis t-count = 8,12 at significant grade α = 0,05 and dk = n – 1 = 33 – 1 = 32, so distribution list t1 -α (dk) = t1- 0,05(32) found t0.95(32) =1,697. Because t-count ˃ t-table = 8,12 ˃ 1,697 H0 rejected and H1 received. It can be concluded that the significant influence of Problem Based Learning Model toward student achievement at statistical matery at grade V SD Negeri 3 Peukan Pidie.
Extraction and Composition of Nutmeg’s Essential Oils (Myristica fragrans Houtt.) Based on Seed Skin Color
Authors: Makin Florian Mayesti Prima Remba , . Welsiliana , Liunokas Angreni Beaktris 
Published: November 2022

Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans Houtt.) is native to Indonesia. One of the nutmeg products that are traded and exported is seeds. Nutmeg or what is commonly called nutmeg is in great demand because it contains many aromatic compounds in the form of essential oils. This study aims to extract and determine the composition of seed essential oils based on differences in seed coat color. Fresh samples were extracted and analyzed using GC-MS. The results showed that twelve compounds were identified in B1 and eleven seed compounds of B2 which were dominated by monoterpenes, respectively 85,76% and 80,56%; the rest are aromatic phenol-ether compounds. The dominant monoterpenes of B1 and B2 seeds, are sabinene (48,57%; 46,38%), ?-pinene (13,86%; 12,45%), and ?-pinene (13,36%; 12, 36%). Aromatic phenol-ether compounds such as myristicin (11,42%) and eugenol (0,62%) for B1 seeds and myristicin (16,50%) and metoksieugenol (0,92%) for B2 seeds. Nutmeg essential oil is dominated by monoterpenes and a few aromatic phenol-ether compounds.

Keywords: nutmeg, aromatic phenol-ethers, essential oils, monoterpenes
Growth Responses Of Maize And Soybean To Application Of Rhizosphere Bacterial Consortium From Dry Land North Lombok
Authors: Hidayati Ernin , Sarkono Muhammad , Faturrahman Faturrahman 
Published: November 2022

This research aimed to study the growth responses of maize and soybean to the indigenous bacterial consortium application isolated from Lombok dryland farm. The study was tested in the sterile soil and nonsterile soil of growing media and with a different water capacity of growing media. The soil was taken from North Lombok dryland farm. Sterile soil was prepared by sterilization using an autoclave. The bacterial consortium was prepared by mixing 15 inoculums of rhizosphere bacteria isolated from Lombok dryland farm. The consortium inoculation by soil inoculation technique. The water capacity of growing media was set to 25%, 50%, and 75%. This research was done in the greenhouse scale. Growth parameters that analyzed were leaf number, leaf wide, leaf length, plant length, fresh weight of upper biomass, and dry weight of upper biomass. The results showed that plant growth is better in sterile soil compared to nonsterile soil. Plant growth is better also in the sterile soil inoculated with the bacterial consortium compared to nonsterile soil inoculated with the bacterial consortium. Plant growth was better in 75% and 50% than 25% water holding capacity of growing

Keyword: bacterial consortium, dryland farm, rhizosphere, North Lombok