bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of managerial attributes on cash holding and investment efficiency and the mediator role of cash holding
Authors: Arianpoor Arash , Mehrfard Niloufar 
Published: October 2022

Purpose
The present study aims to explore the impact of managerial attributes on cash holding and investment efficiency and the mediating role of cash holding for companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange.

Design/methodology/approach
Information about 178 companies in 2014–2021 was examined. In the present study, managerial overconfidence, managerial myopia and managerial ability were considered as the managerial attributes.

Findings
The present findings showed that managerial attributes (i.e. overconfidence, myopia and ability) have a significant effect on investment efficiency. In addition, cash holding has a significant positive effect on investment efficiency. Furthermore, cash holding plays a mediating role in the relationship between managerial attributes and investment efficiency.

Originality/value
There is a gap in the impact of managerial attributes on cash holding and investment efficiency and investigating the mediating role of cash holding. This gap creates an opportunity for studying these variables in depth. The present study contributes to the identification of factors influencing investment efficiency to advance future studies and support practical efforts. This study contributes to a better understanding of the effect of managerial attributes on investment decisions in the context of diverging opinions about manager-specific effects on company’s outcomes.
Customer knowledge orientation as a key to business model innovation of free-to-fee switch
Authors: Chiu Wen-Hong , Dai Zong-Jie , Chi Hui-Ru , Lin Pei-Kuan 
Published: October 2022

PurposeThis study aims to explore the innovative strategies of business model of the free-to-fee switch, the relationship between the business model innovation and customer knowledge and further develop a conceptual model.Design/methodology/approachThis study adopts a multiple case study method with abductive research logic, following the replication logic to select samples. A total of eight outstanding companies with altogether 312 free-to-fee switch events were selected from 1998 to 2021.FindingsA strategic matrix with four innovative business models for the free-to-fee switch is generated. The parallelism between the models and customer knowledge orientations is also found. Further, the study develops the conceptual model regarding customer knowledge orientation as a key mediation.Research limitations/implicationsThe study highlights the conceptualization definition of customer knowledge orientation and its mediation effect to the business model innovation of free-to-fee switch, which is a new issue compared with previous research. Furthermore, it reveals that there exists organizational ambidexterity, which brings a new definition of customer knowledge orientation.Practical implicationsThis study suggests how to integrate customer knowledge orientations to support the marketing process of the business model of free-to-fee switch. It also proposes a specific mechanism to conduct the free-to-fee switch with the introduction of four innovative strategic models and eight evolutional paths.Originality/valueThis study creatively proposes the strategic matrix and the conceptual model of business model innovation of free-to-fee switch. Moreover, a new conceptual definition of customer knowledge orientation is specified.
Harnessing technological innovation capabilities by the mediating effect of willingness to share tacit knowledge: a case from Pakistani software SMEs
Authors: Sherani  , Zhang Jianhua , Riaz Muhammad , Boamah Fredrick Ahenkora , Ali Sher 
Published: October 2022

PurposeThe study aims to explore the impact of tacit knowledge sharing (TKS) factors and its consequences in the form of technological innovation capabilities (TICs) within Pakistani software small–medium enterprises (SSMEs).Design/methodology/approachDrawing upon the social exchange theory (SET), the study used a quantitative approach and structural equation modeling (SEM) to test hypotheses with 220 valid data collected from 23 Pakistani software SSMEs.FindingsThe peer influence (PI) has positive and significant effect on collaborative culture (CC), willingness to share tacit knowledge (WSTK) and TICs. Organizational trust (OT) has a positive and significant impact on CC and TIC. Whereas, CC possessed positive and significant effect on WSTK and insignificant on TIC. Furthermore, WSTK has positive and significant effect on TIC. Finally, WSTK partially mediates the relationship between PI and TIC whereas WSTK fully mediates the relationship between CC and TIC.Research limitations/implicationsThe study enriches the research on knowledge sharing and TIC. This research investigates the precursors of tacit knowledge-sharing willingness and their consequences in software SMEs; future studies need to examine tacit knowledge-seeking willingness and its consequences not only in software enterprises but also in other industrial sectors. Besides, it needs to evaluate types of innovative capabilities in software SMEs.Practical implicationsThe study suggested that the practitioners need to strengthen TKS in the form employees’ updated skills and expertise which ultimately fosters software enterprise’s innovative capabilities to attain competitive advantages in a specific industry.Originality/valueThis research is one of the few studies to examine the potential antecedents of WSTK and their final effects within software SMEs in the form of TICs. As currently it is observed, an incredible increase of skills oriented innovations in firms particularly in the software domain and IT industry. Therefore, this study emphasizes how PI, OT and WSTK positively affect TIC of Pakistani software SMEs. However, the study could be considered as a guideline for the academia and practitioners who attempt to strengthen the technological innovations capabilities in software SMEs.
Religion and disclosure of non-GAAP earnings
Authors: Jiang Wei , Kim Pureum , Son Myungsoo 
Published: October 2022

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to examine whether non-generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) earnings disclosed by firms headquartered in high religious areas (religious firms) are more informative. The non-GAAP disclosure is voluntary and not subject to external audits, and it is difficult to verify the accuracy ex post, which provides management with incentives to strategically use non-GAAP reporting. This study examines religiosity as a potential governance mechanism that reduces management opportunism.

Design/methodology/approach
Using a comprehensive sample from 2010 to 2018, the authors conduct univariate analyses and regression tests. Religiosity is measured by the number of religious adherents in the Metropolitan Statistical Areas of a firm’s headquarter location.

Findings
This study finds that religious firms disclose non-GAAP earnings more frequently compared to non-religious firms. This study further documents that religiosity is negatively associated with aggressive non-GAAP reporting. It also finds that items excluded by religious firms in calculating non-GAAP earnings are less associated with future performance, suggesting that these excluded items are transient and, thus, of higher quality. Finally, the market returns on unexpected non-GAAP earnings (i.e. earnings response coefficients) are greater for religious firms. Overall, the results of this study show that non-GAAP reporting by religious firms is more likely to be informative rather than opportunistic.

Research limitations/implications
Despite the authors’ best endeavors, this study does not fully address the issue of endogeneity, and therefore, the results of this study must be interpreted as strong association rather than causation.

Practical implications
Religious social norms (regional level) can complement a firm’s corporate governance and ethical codes (firm level) by attenuating undesirable, opportunistic management practices. These findings should be informative to investors who assess the quality non-GAAP disclosures. The findings of this study are also relevant to regulators [e.g. the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)] when they allocate limited resources. The SEC may use less resources for monitoring firms headquartered in religious areas and apply the saved resources on monitoring riskier firms.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to show that religiosity may act as a potential monitoring mechanism that attenuates aggressive non-GAAP earnings and enhances the informativeness of non-GAAP. The findings of this study suggest that religious social norms (regional level) can complement a firm’s corporate governance and ethical codes (firm level) by restricting undesirable, opportunistic management practices.
Influence of Ag particle shape on mechanical and thermal properties of TIM joints
Authors: Myśliwiec Marcin , Kisiel Ryszard , Kruszewski Mirosław J. 
Published: October 2022

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to develop and test the thermal interface materials (TIM) for application in assembly of semiconductor chips to package. Good adhesion properties (>5 MPa shear strength) and low thermal interface resistance (better than for SAC solders) are the goal of this research.

Design/methodology/approach
Mechanical and thermal properties of TIM joints between gold plated contacts of chip and substrate were investigated. Sintering technique based on Ag pastes was applied for purpose of this study. Performance properties were assessed by shear force tests and thermal measurements. Scanning electron microscopy was used for microstructural observations of cross-section of formed joints.

Findings
It was concluded that the best properties are achieved for pastes containing spherical Ag particles of dozens of micrometer size with flake shaped Ag particles of few micrometers size. Sintering temperature at 230°C and application of 1 MPa force on the chip during sintering gave the higher adhesion and the lowest thermal interface resistance.

Originality/value
The new material based on Ag paste containing mixtures of Ag particles of different size (form nanometer to dozens of microns) and shape (spherical, flake) suspended in resin was proposed. Joints prepared using sintering technique and Ag pastes at 230°C with applied pressure shows better mechanical and thermal than other TIM materials such as thermal grease, thermal gel or thermally conductive adhesive. Those material could enable electronic device operation at temperatures above 200°C, currently unavailable for Si-based power electronics.
ZnO-based chemi-resistive sensors for CO2 detection: a review
Authors: Stramarkou Marina , Bardakas Achilleas , Krokida Magdalini , Tsamis Christos 
Published: October 2022

Purpose
Carbon dioxide (CO2) has attracted special scientific interest over the last years mainly because of its relation to climate change and indoor air quality. Except for this, CO2 can be used as an indicator of food freshness, patients’ clinical state and fire detection. Therefore, the accurate monitoring and controlling of CO2 levels are imperative. The development of highly sensitive, selective and reliable sensors that can efficiently distinguish CO2 in various conditions of temperature, humidity and other gases’ interference is the subject of intensive research with chemi-resistive zinc oxide (ZnO)-based sensors holding a privileged position. Several ZnO nanostructures have been used in sensing applications because of their versatile features. However, the deficient selectivity and long-term stability remain major concerns, especially when operating at room temperature. This study aims to encompass an extensive study of CO2 chemi-resistive sensors based on ZnO, introducing the most significant advances of recent years and the best strategies for enhancing ZnO sensing properties.

Design/methodology/approach
An overview of the different ZnO nanostructures used for CO2 sensing and their synthesis methods is presented, focusing on the parameters that highly affect the sensing mechanism and, thus, the performance of CO2 sensors.

Findings
The selectivity and sensitivity of ZnO sensors can be enhanced by adjusting various parameters during their synthesis and by doping or treating ZnO with suitable materials.

Originality/value
This paper summarises the advances in the rapidly evolving field of CO2 sensing by ZnO sensors and provides research directions for optimised sensors in the future.
Slow tourism: the relationship between tourists’ slow food experiences and their quality of life
Authors: Huang Ting-Yen (Tim) , Chen Joseph S. , Ramos William D. 
Published: October 2022

Purpose
This study aims to define the concept of slow tourism, describe tourists’ slow food experiences and examine the relationship between the tourists’ slow food experience and their quality of life (QOL).

Design/methodology/approach
An online survey distributed through the Amazon MTurk platform yields 453 valid questionnaires. Confirmatory factor analysis and structure equational modeling are used to analyze the data.

Findings
The results reveal that authenticity and slowness significantly affect tourists’ slow food experience, while environmental consciousness does not influence tourists’ slow food experiences. Further, the slow food experience elicits a positive impact on the tourists’ QOL.

Originality/value
This study contributes to delineating the scope of slow food experiences, which remains unexplored in previous studies and gives further insight into how they impact life quality. This paper expands the body of knowledge by establishing three factors influencing slow food experiences and further provides valuable advice for tourism marketers at slow destinations.
Deciphering the interactions between plant species and their main fungal root pathogens in mixed grassland communities
Authors: Ampt Eline A. , Francioli Davide , van Ruijven Jasper , Gomes Sofia I. F. , Maciá‐Vicente Jose G. , Termorshuizen Aad J. , Bakker Lisette M. , Mommer Liesje 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Plant diversity can reduce the risk of plant disease, but positive, and neutral effects have also been reported. These contrasting relationships suggest that plant community composition, rather than diversity per se, affects disease risk. Here, we investigated how the diversity and composition of plant communities drive root‐associated pathogen accumulation belowground.

In a temperate grassland biodiversity experiment, containing 16 plant species (forbs and grasses), we determined the abundance of root‐associated fungal pathogens in individual plant species growing in monocultures and in four‐species mixtures through Illumina MiSeq amplicon sequencing.

In the plant monocultures, we identified three major fungal pathogens that differed in host range: Paraphoma chrysanthemicola, associated with roots of forb species of the Asteraceae family, Slopeiomyces cylindrosporus, associated with grass species, and Rhizoctonia solani, associated with multiple forb and grass species. In mixtures, there was no significant reduction in relative abundance of these pathogens in their host species as compared to monocultures. However, in mixtures, there was a significant increase in relative abundance of each pathogen in several non‐host and host plant species. Across mixtures, plant community composition affected pathogen relative abundance in individual plant species. This effect was driven by the presence of a particular neighbouring plant species (depending on the pathogen), rather than functional group composition (i.e. grass/forb ratio) or averaged pathogen pressure (based on monocultures) of all neighbours. Specifically, the presence of neighbour host species Achillea millefolium significantly increased P. chrysanthemicola, but decreased R. solani relative abundance in several host and non‐host plant species in mixtures.

Synthesis. Our results indicate that interactions between different plant species—both host and non‐hosts—and fungal pathogens underlie the effects of plant diversity on root pathogen abundance. Non‐host species may act as pathogen reservoirs in diverse plant communities, as they harboured certain pathogens in mixtures, but not in monocultures. Additionally, particular host species can strongly affect pathogen abundance in other (host and non‐host) plant species in plant mixtures, suggesting clear effects of species identity in the diversity–disease relationship. Below‐ground disease risk thus depends on plant community composition rather than diversity per se, via specific interactions between plant species and their root‐associated pathogens.
Using network analyses to characterise Australian and Canadian frequent attenders to the emergency department
Authors: Zhou Jonathan G , Cameron Peter A , Dipnall Joanna F , Shih Kingsley , Cheng Ivy 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo explore and compare the characteristics of frequent attenders to the ED at an Australian and a Canadian tertiary hospitals by utilising a network analysis approach.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective population‐based study using administrative data over the 2018 and 2019 calendar years. Participants were from a tertiary hospital in Melbourne, Australia, and Toronto, Canada. Frequent attenders were defined as patients with four or more visits in 12 months. Characteristics of younger (18–39 years), middle‐aged (40–69 years) and older (70 years and older) frequent attenders were described using descriptive statistics and network analyses.ResultsYounger frequent attenders were characterised by mental illness and substance use, while older frequent attenders had high rates of physical (including chronic) diseases. Middle‐aged frequent attenders were characterised by a combination of mental and physical illnesses. These findings were observed at both hospitals. Across all age groups, the network analyses between the Melbourne and Toronto hospitals were different. Among older frequent attender visits, more diagnoses were associated with high triage acuity at the Toronto hospital than at the Melbourne hospital. Some associations were similar at both sites, for example, the negative correlation between high triage acuity and joint pain.ConclusionYounger, middle‐aged and older frequent attenders have distinct characteristics, made readily apparent by using network analyses. Future interventions to reduce ED visits should consider the heterogeneity of frequent attenders who have needs specific to their age, presenting problems and jurisdiction.
Long‐term survival analysis of patients with stage IIIB‐IV non‐small cell lung cancer complicated by type 2 diabetes mellitus: A retrospective propensity score matching analysis
Authors: Li Xuejiao , Fang Haiyan , Zhang Dongwei , Xia Liming , Wang Xiang , Yang Jingping , Zhang Shaohu , Su Ya , Zhu Yongfu 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to determine the effect of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) on overall survival (OS) of patients with stage IIIB–IV non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed patients with stage IIIB–IV NSCLC from January 2015 to December 2018 in the Department of Oncology at the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Kaplan–Meier plots, log‐rank tests, and Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to describe the effect of T2DM on the OS of patients with stage IIIB–IV NSCLC.ResultsThis study collected data on 76 patients with NSCLC and T2DM (group A) and 214 NSCLC patients without T2DM (group B). After propensity score matching (PSM) analysis, 74 patients were included in each group. The mean OS of all patients was 17 months (range, 11–31 months). The mean OS of group A was 15 months (range, 8–25 months) and the mean OS of group B was 20 months (range, 14–39 months). The mean OS of group B was longer than group A, and the difference was statistically significant. Univariate analysis of the clinical data showed that T2DM and complications were significantly correlated with the prognosis of patients with stage IIIB‐IV NSCLC (p = 0.003 and p = 0.034). Multivariate Cox model analysis showed that T2DM and complications were independent prognostic factors for patients with stage IIIB–IV NSCLC (p = 0.002 and p = 0.024, respectively).ConclusionStage IIIB–IV NSCLC patients without T2DM have an increased OS compared to patients with stage IIIB–IV NSCLE and T2DM.
Analysis between high risk of myocardial infarction with non‐obstructive coronary artery disease in single center and occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular events
Authors: Kong Meihong , Liu Fuzhong , Zhu Zhuoxian 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate and compare the general information, medication, and the occurrence time of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) between patients with myocardial infarction with non‐obstructive coronary artery myocardial infarction (MINOCA) and those with obstructive coronary artery disease (MICAD).MethodsA total of 325 acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients were included (MINOCA: n = 31; MICAD: n = 294). The general information and medication of patients were recorded, including age, gender, prevalence of type 2 diabetes, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), proportion of mitral regurgitation, cTn level, triglyceride level, electrocardiogram (ECG) findings, and drugs used (statins, drugs improving ventricular remodeling, antiplatelet drugs). The above indexes were compared, and statistical analysis was performed at different time points of MACE.ResultsMACE occurred significantly more in the MICAD group than in the MINOCA group (38.8% vs. 12.9%; p = .004) after 1 month to 1.5 years of treatment. The earlier the period of MACE occurred in patients with high coronary artery stenosis, it was an independent risk factor for the occurrence of MACE from 1 month to 1 year after surgery (p = .002), while the later the occurrence of MACE in patients with LVEF ≥55% (p = .029). It was not related to gender, cTn, and electrocardiography (ECG) indexes.ConclusionA correlation can be established between the risk factors of MINOCA and the occurrence time of MACE. In addition, MICAD is more commonly seen in male patients and patients with a higher cTn level and lower LVEF.
How to eliminate the uncovered market: A duopoly model with government intervention
Authors: Yao Dongmin , Zhang Pengyuan , Meng Xiaoyu 
Published: October 2022

AbstractTo eliminate poverty, government intervention is critical for addressing uncovered markets. To assess how this can be done effectively, this study constructs a two‐firm model with government intervention. The study focuses on the preconditions, methods, and effects of different government intervention strategies. There are three main findings. (1) When consumer income levels fall below a certain threshold, an uncovered market segment is created, and government intervention should be introduced. (2) Government intervention strategies can be divided into subsidy‐type, production‐type and mixed‐type, and each type achieves a different level of consumer surplus. Given a level of consumer surplus, the optimal strategy is affected by production costs. (3) For production‐type and mixed‐type intervention strategies, when the market is covered, lower intervention costs can achieve higher consumer surplus if government production costs are low. Furthermore, the optimal subsidy‐type intervention strategy varies with the changes in product quality if relaxing the precondition of market coverage.