bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of risk factors for the development of cognitive dysfunction in patients with cerebral small vessel disease and the construction of a predictive model
Authors: Zhang Le , Gao Fulin , Zhang Yamin , Hu Pengjuan , Yao Yuping , Zhang Qingzhen , He Yan , Shang Qianlan , Zhang Yi 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundCognitive dysfunction in cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) is a common cause of vascular dementia. The purpose of this study was to find independent risk factors for the development of cognitive dysfunction in patients with CSVD and establish a risk prediction model, in order to provide a reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment of such patients.MethodsIn this study, clinical data of patients with CSVD admitted to the Department of Neurology in Gansu Provincial Hospital from December 2019 to December 2021 were collected, and 159 patients were finally included after strict screening according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. There were 43 patients with normal function and 116 patients with cerebral small vessel disease cognitive impairment (CSVDCI). The logistic multivariable regression model was used to screen out the independent risk factors of cognitive dysfunction in patients with CSVD, and the nomogram of cognitive dysfunction in patients with CSVD was constructed based on the results of the logistic multivariable regression analysis. Finally, the accuracy of the prediction model was evaluated by C-index, calibration curve, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA).ResultsThe results of multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that hypertension (OR = 2.683, 95% CI 1.119–6.432, P = 0.027), homocysteine (Hcy) (OR = 1.083, 95% CI 1.026–1.143, P = 0.004), total CSVD MRI Score (OR = 1.593, 95% CI 1.025–2.475, P = 0.039) and years of schooling (OR = 0.883, 95% CI 0.798–0.978, P = 0.017) were independent risk factors for the development of cognitive dysfunction in patients with CSVD. The C-index of this prediction model was 0.806 (95% CI 0.735–0.877), and the calibration curve, ROC curve, and DCA curve all showed good predictive power in the nomogram.ConclusionsThe nomogram constructed in this study has high accuracy and clinical utility in predicting the occurrence of cognitive dysfunction in patients with CSVD. For patients with CSVD with the above risk factors, active clinical intervention and prevention are required during clinical consultation and disease management to avoid cognitive impairment as much as possible.
Relationship between circadian syndrome and stroke: A cross-sectional study of the national health and nutrition examination survey
Authors: Wang Yuling , Yang Ling , Zhang Yan , Liu Junyan 
Published: August 2022

AimThe aim of this study was to assess the relationship of circadian syndrome and stroke.MethodsWe performed a cross-sectional analysis of 11,855 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database between 2005 and 2018, and collected the baseline characteristics. Multivariate logistic regression models were developed to explore the association between circadian syndrome and stroke. Simultaneously, subgroup analyses based on the difference of gender, race, and components associated with circadian syndrome also were performed. The odds ratio (OR) and 95% CI were calculated in this study.ResultsAll the participants were divided into the non-stroke group and the stroke group. There were approximately 3.48% patients exclusively with stroke and 19.03% patients exclusively with circadian syndrome in our study. The results suggested that the risk of stroke in patients with circadian syndrome was higher than that in patients without circadian syndrome (OR = 1.322, 95 CI%: 1.020–1.713). Similar associations were found in women with circadian syndrome (OR = 1.515, 95 CI%: 1.086–2.114), non-Hispanic whites with circadian syndrome (OR = 1.544, 95 CI%: 1.124–2.122), participants with circadian syndrome who had elevated waist circumference (OR = 1.395, 95 CI%: 1.070–1.819) or short sleep (OR = 1.763, 95 CI%: 1.033–3.009).ConclusionCircadian syndrome was associated with the risk of stroke. Particularly, we should pay more close attention to the risk of stroke in those populations who were female, non-Hispanic whites, had the symptoms of elevated waist circumference or short sleep.
Prediction model for suicide based on back propagation neural network and multilayer perceptron
Authors: Lyu Juncheng , Shi Hong , Zhang Jie , Norvilitis Jill 
Published: August 2022

IntroductionThe aim was to explore the neural network prediction model for suicide based on back propagation (BP) and multilayer perceptron, in order to establish the popular, non-invasive, brief and more precise prediction model of suicide.Materials and methodData were collected by psychological autopsy (PA) in 16 rural counties from three provinces in China. The questionnaire was designed to investigate factors for suicide. Univariate statistical methods were used to preliminary filter factors, and BP neural network and multilayer perceptron were employed to establish the prediction model of suicide.ResultsThe overall percentage correct of samples was 80.9% in logistic regression model. The total coincidence rate for all samples was 82.9% and the area under ROC curve was about 82.0% in the Back Propagation Neural Network (BPNN) prediction model. The AUC of the optimal multilayer perceptron prediction model was above 90% in multilayer perceptron model. The discrimination efficiency of the multilayer perceptron model was superior to BPNN model.ConclusionsThe neural network prediction models have greater accuracy than traditional methods. The multilayer perceptron is the best prediction model of suicide. The neural network prediction model has significance for clinical diagnosis and developing an artificial intelligence (AI) auxiliary clinical system.
Serum metabolomic characterization of PLA2G6-associated dystonia–parkinsonism: A case-control biomarker study
Authors: Chen Chen , Lou Min-Min , Sun Yi-Min , Luo Fang , Liu Feng-Tao , Luo Su-Shan , Wang Wen-Yuan , Wang Jian 
Published: August 2022

IntroductionPhospholipase A2 Group VI (PLA2G6), encoding calcium-independent phospholipase A2, has been isolated as the gene responsible for an autosomal recessive form of early-onset Parkinson’s disease (namely, PARK14). Compared to idiopathic Parkinson’s disease (iPD), PARK14 has several atypical clinical features. PARK14 has an earlier age at onset and is more likely to develop levodopa-induced dyskinesia. In iPD, serum metabolomics has observed alterations in several metabolic pathways that are related to disease status and clinical manifestations. This study aims to describe the serum metabolomics features of patients with PARK14.DesignThis case-control biomarker study tested nine patients diagnosed with PARK14. Eight age and sex-matched healthy subjects were recruited as controls. To evaluate the influence of single heterozygous mutation, we enrolled eight healthy one-degree family members of patients with PARK14, two patients diagnosed with early-onset Parkinson’s disease (EOPD) who had only a single heterozygous PLA2G6 mutation, and one patient with EOPD without any known pathogenic mutation.MethodsThe diagnosis of PARK14 was made according to the diagnostic criteria for Parkinson’s disease (PD) and confirmed by genetic testing. To study the serum metabolic features, we analyzed participants’ serum using UHPLC-QTOF/MS analysis, a well-established technology.ResultsWe quantified 50 compounds of metabolites from the serum of all the study subjects. Metabolites alterations in serum had good predictive accuracy for PARK14 diagnosis (AUC 0.903) and advanced stage in PARK14 (AUC 0.944). Of the 24 metabolites that changed significantly in patients’ serum, eight related to lipid metabolism. Oleic acid and xanthine were associated with MMSE scores. Xanthine, L-histidine, and phenol correlated with UPDRS-III scores. Oleic acid and 1-oleoyl-L-alpha-lysophosphatidic acid could also predict the subclass of the more advanced stage in the PLA2G6 Group in ROC models.ConclusionThe significantly altered metabolites can be used to differentiate PLA2G6 pathogenic mutations and predict disease severity. Patients with PLA2G6 mutations had elevated lipid compounds in C18:1 and C16:0 groups. The alteration of lipid metabolism might be the key intermediate process in PLA2G6-related disease that needs further investigation.
CT perfusion-based delta-radiomics models to identify collateral vessel formation after revascularization in patients with moyamoya disease
Authors: Li Jizhen , Zhang Yan , Yin Di , Shang Hui , Li Kejian , Jiao Tianyu , Fang Caiyun , Cui Yi , Liu Ming , Pan Jun , Zeng Qingshi 
Published: August 2022

PurposeTo build CT perfusion (CTP)-based delta-radiomics models to identify collateral vessel formation after revascularization in patients with moyamoya disease (MMD).MethodsFifty-three MMD patients who underwent CTP and digital subtraction angiography (DSA) examination were retrospectively enrolled. Patients were divided into good and poor groups based on postoperative DSA. CTP parameters, such as mean transit time (MTT), time to drain (TTD), time to maximal plasma concentration (Tmax), and flow extraction product (FE), were obtained. CTP efficacy in evaluating surgical treatment were compared between the good and poor groups. The changes in the relative CTP parameters (ΔrMTT, ΔrTTD, ΔrTmax, and ΔrFE) were calculated to evaluate the differences between pre- and postoperative CTP values. CTP parameters were selected to build delta-radiomics models for identifying collateral vessel formation. The identification performance of machine learning classifiers was assessed using area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC).ResultsOf the 53 patients, 36 (67.9%) and 17 (32.1%) were divided into the good and poor groups, respectively. The postoperative changes of ΔrMTT, ΔrTTD, ΔrTmax, and ΔrFE in the good group were significantly better than the poor group (p &lt; 0.05). Among all CTP parameters in the perfusion improvement evaluation, the ΔrTTD had the largest AUC (0.873). Eleven features were selected from the TTD parameter to build the delta-radiomics model. The classifiers of the support vector machine and k-nearest neighbors showed good diagnostic performance with AUC values of 0.933 and 0.867, respectively.ConclusionThe TTD-based delta-radiomics model has the potential to identify collateral vessel formation after the operation.
Alterations in local activity and functional connectivity in patients with postherpetic neuralgia after short-term spinal cord stimulation
Authors: Fan Xiaochong , Ren Huan , Bu Chunxiao , Lu Zhongyuan , Wei Yarui , Xu Fuxing , Fu Lijun , Ma Letian , Kong Cunlong , Wang Tao , Zhang Yong , Liu Qingying , Huang Wenqi , Bu Huilian , Yuan Jingjing 
Published: August 2022

IntroductionThe efficacy of short-term spinal cord stimulation (stSCS) as a treatment for neuropathic pain in patients with postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) has already been validated. However, the potential alterations in brain functionality that are induced by such treatment have yet to be completely elucidated.MethodsThis study use resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) to detect the changes in regional homogeneity (ReHo) and degree centrality (DC) related to stimulator-induced pain relief in patients with PHN. A total of 10 patients with PHN underwent an MRI protocol at baseline and after stSCS. Alterations in ReHo and DC were then compared between baseline and after stSCS. We investigated the relationship between clinical parameters and functional changes in the brain.ResultsClinical parameters on pain, emotion, and sleep quality were correlated with ReHo and DC. ReHo and DC were significantly altered in the middle temporal gyrus, precuneus, superior frontal gyrus, supramarginal gyrus, inferior parietal lobule, rolandic operculum, middle occipital gyrus, superior parietal gyrus, and the precentral gyrus after stSCS. A significant correlation was detected between ReHo changes in the middle occipital gyrus, precuneus, inferior parietal gyrus, and changes in pain, emotion, and sleep quality. A significant negative correlation was detected between DC changes in the middle temporal gyrus, rolandic operculum, supramarginal gyrus, precuneus, inferior parietal gyrus, and changes in pain, emotion, and sleep quality.ConclusionThis study found that stSCS is able to induce ReHo and DC changes in patients with PHN, thus suggesting that stSCS can change brain function to alleviate pain, sleep, and emotional disorder.
Global adoption of single-shot targeted intraoperative radiotherapy (TARGIT-IORT) for breast cancer—better for patients, better for healthcare systems
Authors: Vaidya Jayant Sharad , Vaidya Uma Jayant , Baum Michael , Bulsara Max Kishor , Joseph David , Tobias Jeffrey S. 
Published: August 2022

Micro abstractTargeted intraoperative radiotherapy (TARGIT-IORT) is delivered immediately after lumpectomy for breast cancer. We estimated its impact. At least 44,752 patients with breast cancer were treated with TARGIT-IORT in 260 centres in 35 countries, saving &gt;20 million miles of travel and preventing ~2,000 non–breast cancer deaths. The TARGIT-IORT website (https://targit.org.uk/travel) provides maps and tools to find the nearest centre offering TARGIT-IORT and travel savings.BackgroundTargeted intraoperative radiotherapy (TARGIT-IORT) delivers radiotherapy targeted to the fresh tumour bed exposed immediately after lumpectomy for breast cancer. TARGIT-A trial found TARGIT-IORT to be as effective as whole-breast radiotherapy, with significantly fewer deaths from non–breast cancer causes. This paper documents its worldwide impact and provides interactive tools for clinicians and patients.MethodCentres using TARGIT-IORT provided the date of the first case and the total number of patients. We plotted these data on a customised Google Map. An interactive web-based tool provided directions to the closest centre. Using the data from the TARGIT-A trial, we estimated the total savings in travel miles, carbon footprint, and the number of non–breast cancer deaths that might be prevented.ResultsData from 242 (93%) of the 260 centres treating patients from 35 countries were available. From the first patient treated in 1998 to early 2020, at least 44,752 women with breast cancer have been treated with TARGIT-IORT. The TARGIT-IORT website (https://targit.org.uk/travel) displays the Google Map of centres with number of cases and an interactive tool for patients to find the nearest centre offering TARGIT-IORT and their travel savings. Scaling up to the already treated patients, &gt;20 million miles of travel would have been saved and about 2,000 deaths prevented.ConclusionOne can ascertain the number of patients treated with a novel treatment. These data show how widely TARGIT-IORT has now been adopted and gives an indication of its beneficial worldwide impact on a large number of women with breast cancer.
Real-time fully automated dosimetric computation for CT images in the clinical workflow: A feasibility study
Authors: Porzio Massimiliano , Anam Choirul 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundCurrently, the volume computed tomography dose index (CTDIvol), the most-used quantity to express the output dose of a computed tomography (CT) patient’s dose, is not related to the real size and attenuation properties of each patient. The size-specific dose estimates (SSDE), based on the water-equivalent diameter (DW) overcome those issues. The proposed methods found in the literature do not allow real-time computation of DW and SSDE.PurposeThis study aims to develop a software to compute DW and SSDE in a real-time clinical workflow.MethodIn total, 430 CT studies and scans of a water-filled funnel phantom were used to compute accuracy and evaluate the times required to compute the DW and SSDE. Two one-sided tests (TOST) equivalence test, Bland–Altman analysis, and bootstrap-based confidence interval estimations were used to evaluate the differences between actual diameter and DW computed automatically and between DW computed automatically and manually.ResultsThe mean difference between the DW computed automatically and the actual water diameter for each slice is −0.027% with a TOST confidence interval equal to [−0.087%, 0.033%]. Bland–Altman bias is −0.009% [−0.016%, −0.001%] with lower limits of agreement (LoA) equal to −0.0010 [−0.094%, −0.068%] and upper LoA equal to 0.064% [0.051%, 0.077%]. The mean difference between DW computed automatically and manually is −0.014% with a TOST confidence interval equal to [−0.056%, 0.028%] on phantom and 0.41% with a TOST confidence interval equal to [0.358%, 0.462%] on real patients. The mean time to process a single image is 13.99 ms [13.69 ms, 14.30 ms], and the mean time to process an entire study is 11.5 s [10.62 s, 12.63 s].ConclusionThe system shows that it is possible to have highly accurate DW and SSDE in almost real-time without affecting the clinical workflow of CT examinations.
Screening of co-pathogenic genes of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Chen Ting , Zhang Siwen , Zhou Dongmei , Lu Peipei , Mo Xianglai , Tamrakar Rashi , Yang Xi 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundNon-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, its carcinogenic mechanism is still unclear, looking for both diseases’ transcriptome levels, the same changes as we are looking for NAFLD may provide a potential mechanism of action of HCC. Thus, our study aimed to discover the coexisting pathogenic genes of NAFLD and HCC.MethodsWe performed a variance analysis with public data for both diseases. At the same time, weighted gene correlation network analysis (WGCNA) was used to find highly correlated gene modules in both diseases. The darkturquoise gene module was found to be highly correlated with both diseases. Based on the diagnosis related module genes and the differential genes of the two diseases, we constructed diagnostic and prognostic models by logistic regression, univariate Cox regression, and LASSO regression. Public datasets verified the results. Meanwhile, we built a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network based on the model genes and explored the related pathways and immune correlation involved in the two diseases by using Gene Ontology, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes, and gene set enrichment analyses. Immunohistochemistry was used to verify the different expression of ABCC5 and TUBG1 among the normal liver, NAFLD, and HCC tissues. Sodium palmitate/sodium oleate was used to establish high-fat cell models, and Real Time Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to verify the messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of ABCC5 in lipidization cells.ResultsA total of 26 upregulated genes and 87 downregulated genes were found using limma package identification analysis. According to WGCNA, the darkturquoise gene module was highly correlated with the prognosis of both diseases. The coexisting genes acquired by the two groups were only three central genes, that is, ABCC5, DHODH and TUBG1. The results indicated that the diagnostic and prognostic models constructed by ABCC5 and TUBG1 genes had high accuracy in both diseases. The results of immunohistochemistry showed that ABCC5 and TUBG1 were significantly overexpressed in NAFLD and HCC tissues compared with normal liver tissues. The Oil Red O staining and triglyceride identified the successful construction of HepG2 and LO2 high-fat models using PA/OA. The results of RT-qPCR showed that the lipidization of LO2 and HepG2 increased the mRNA expression of ABCC5.ConclusionsThe gene model constructed by ABCC5 and TUBG1 has high sensibility and veracity in the diagnosis of NAFLD as well as the diagnosis and prognosis of HCC. ABCC5 and TUBG1 may play an important role in the development of NAFLD to HCC. In addition, lipidization could upregulate the mRNA expression of ABCC5 in HCC.
Clinical study of total bone marrow combined with total lymphatic irradiation pretreatment based on tomotherapy in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation of acute leukemia
Authors: Kong Fanyang , Liu Shuaipeng , Liu Lele , Pi Yifei , Pei Yuntong , Xu Dandan , Jia Fei , Han Bin , Guo Yuexin 
Published: August 2022

ObjectiveAllogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is an effective method for the treatment of refractory and relapsed acute leukemia, and the preconditioning methods before transplantationis one of the important factors affecting the survival of patients. Radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy is the most commonly used preconditioning method before transplantation. This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of total bone marrow combined with total lymphatic irradiation as a preconditioning method before hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.MethodsSeventeen patients with acute leukemia who were admitted to our center from 2016 to 2020 were selected. The median age was 17 years (8-35). The target area for TMLI includes the total bone marrow and total lymphatic space, and the organs at risk include the lens, lungs, kidneys, intestine, heart, and liver. The patients received a total bone marrow and lymphatic irradiation preconditioning regimen, the related acute adverse reactions were graded, and the prognosis of the patients after transplantation was observed.ResultsDuring patient preconditioning, only grade 1-2 toxicity was observed, and grade 3-4 toxicity did not occur. Except for one patient whose platelets were not engrafted, all the other patients were successfully transplanted. The median time of neutrophil implantation was 14 d (9-15 d), and the median time of platelet implantation was 14 d (13-21 d). With a median follow-up of 9 months (2-48), 4 relapses occurred, 3 died, and 10 leukemia patients survived and were disease-free. One-year overall survival was 69.8%, cumulative recurrence was 19.5%, disease-free-survival was 54.2%.ConclusionThe Allo-HSCT pretreatment regimen of total bone marrow combined with total lymphatic irradiation is safe and effective in the treatment of malignant hematological diseases. Total bone marrow combined with total lymphatic irradiation may completely replace total body irradiation, and the clinically observed incidence of acute toxicity is not high.