bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
De la survivance à la vitalité : émergence d’un champ de recherche et institutionnalisation des savoirs experts en francophonie canadienne depuis les années 1980
Authors: Wade Mathieu 
Published: January 2022

L’institutionnalisation du régime linguistique canadien depuis les années 1980 a joué un rôle structurant dans l’organisation actuelle de la collectivité francophone, dans ses représentations d’elle-même, dans ses visées, ses stratégies et ses tactiques d’action collective. Parallèlement à la réorganisation du réseau associatif francophone et à l’intensification de ses liens avec l’État, un champ scientifique propre aux communautés francophones en situation minoritaire s’est institutionnalisé. Ce champ a permis l’émergence d’un nouvel acteur francophone : l’expert. Les savoirs experts s’appuient sur trois principales notions : la vitalité ethnolinguistique, la complétude institutionnelle et la gouvernance francophone. Nous avançons que ces termes sont devenus hégémoniques, dans la mesure où ils parcourent les sciences sociales, l’État et les milieux associatif. Dans un premier temps, nous décrivons le régime linguistique canadien. Dans un second temps, nous retraçons l’émergence et l’institutionnalisation du champ des sciences sociales francophones minoritaires. Enfin, nous posons un regard critique sur la production des savoirs experts en démontrant qu’ils induisent une lecture partielle et partiale des communautés.
Les « champs relationnels » de l’Ontario français
Authors: Dupuis Serge 
Published: January 2022

Ce texte veut cerner les caractéristiques et l’évolution de la « variante franco-ontarienne » du projet national canadien-français. En s’inspirant des études du sociologue californien Rogers Brubaker sur le nationalisme transfrontalier et adaptées au cas canadien-français par le sociologue franco-ontarien Jean-François Laniel, ce texte met en relief la pertinence et les limites des relations triangulaires entre État parent, État hôte et minorité parente lorsqu’elle est appliquée aux porte-paroles franco-ontariens et à leur organe de représentation politique. Avant tout, c’est la dynamique relationnelle qui jette un nouvel éclairage sur les rapports de pouvoir et d’influence subis et exercés par les Franco-Ontariens. La division des compétences législatives entre l’État fédéral et les provinces, la reconnaissance de droits fondamentaux et l’appartenance de l’Ontario français à une Francophonie mondiale, le distingue également des exemples européens.
Les services d’accueil aux immigrants francophones en Colombie-Britannique : expériences ethniques différenciées et mobilités plurielles
Authors: Jacquet Marianne , André Gwénaëlle 
Published: January 2022

Le recrutement et l’accueil des immigrants francophones est un enjeu important pour les communautés francophones en situation minoritaire soucieuses de maintenir leur poids démographique et d’assurer leur dynamisme. Dans cet article, nous nous appuyons sur les résultats d’une recherche comparative visant à faire un bilan prospectif des services d’accueil aux immigrants francophones dans les territoires et les provinces de l’Ouest canadien. L’analyse des données montre un recours différencié aux services d’accueil en fonction de l’intersection de différents marqueurs sociaux : des expériences de mobilités sociales plurielles, un sentiment d’isolement face à des services spécialisés qui ne répondent que partiellement à des défis globaux, et l’expérience d’une triple marginalisation pour les participants issus de l’Afrique sub-saharienne.
Des 400 ans de « présence française en Ontario »aux excuses pour le Règlement 17 : Commémoration, réconciliation et conflits narratifs en Ontario français
Authors: Bock Michel 
Published: January 2022

La commémoration du 400e anniversaire de la « présence française en Ontario », en 2015, et les excuses offertes aux Franco-Ontariens par le gouvernement provincial, l’année suivante, pour le Règlement 17 (qui avait sévèrement limité l’usage du français dans les écoles de la province entre 1912 et 1927) ont généré une activité discursive considérable dans l’espace public franco-ontarien. Cette activité a donné lieu à des « conflits narratifs » qui révèlent une compréhension différenciée de l’expérience collective des Franco-Ontariens, en même temps qu’ils traduisent des rapports parfois distincts au temps historique. L’analyse de ces conflits à la lumière de la rivalité entre le « pôle » commémoratif de la « construction nationale » et celui du « postcolonialisme » permet de jeter un regard inédit sur les tensions et les débats qui structurent les rapports qu’entretiennent les Franco-Ontariens non seulement avec eux-mêmes, mais aussi avec l’« autre » (majorité anglophone, minorités ethnoculturelles francophones et peuples autochtones).
La résilience du personnel soignant à l’épreuve de la pandémie de COVID-19 : une étude dans un hôpital public en Tunisie
Authors: Dahmani Amira 
Published: January 2022

Ce travail cherche à appréhender les déterminants de la résilience du personnel soignant dans le contexte de la crise sanitaire Covid-19. Son but est d’accéder à une compréhension profonde des motifs, des forces et des processus à l’oeuvre dans la dynamique complexe de la résilience.
Il paraît d’autant plus crucial de répondre à cette question qu’il semble y avoir des enseignements à tirer pour penser différemment les conditions de travail dans les hôpitaux publics. Plus particulièrement, dans le contexte pandémique actuel, le personnel soignant semble plus que jamais exposer aux risques psychosociaux et à un quotidien professionnel inédit et jonché de tensions.
Les résultats de l’étude menée auprès du personnel soignant d’un hôpital public en Tunisie ont révélé que la résilience résulte de l’activation de prédispositions, de facteurs de protection et de ressources autant personnelles qu’interpersonnelles et socioculturelles. Cette recherche a révélé que la résilience n’est pas une réaction spontanée dans un contexte professionnel marqué par l’adversité et l’incertitude. Elle est le fruit d’un mix mettant en jeu les dispositions personnelles, la dynamique de groupe, le soutien social, la stabilité familiale, le style de leadership et les contingences situationnelles. De même, l’étude souligne que la résilience génère une réelle valeur ajoutée pour les patients, les soignants et la pratique des soins aussi bien sur le plan humain, sanitaire, éthique qu’économique. Elle montre que le développement de la résilience constitue une responsabilité partagée entre le personnel soignant, le système hospitalier, les autorités sanitaires, l’encadrement et les dirigeants des établissements de santé.
Validity and reliability evidence for the Behavioral Regulation in Sport Questionnaire with Romanian professional athletes
Authors: Alexe Cristina Ioana , Alexe Dan Iulian , Mareş Gabriel , Tohănean Dragoş Ioan , Turcu Ioan , Burgueño Rafael 
Published: January 2022

Background
Despite the importance attributed to athletes’ motivation in sports performance and well-being; no measures of motivation toward sport were found in the Romanian sport context.

Objective
Grounded in self-determination theory, this research aimed to adapt and to gather validity and reliability evidence supporting the use of the Behavioral Regulation in Sport Questionnaire (BRSQ) in the Romanian sport domain.

Method
The participants were 596 Romanian professional athletes (age: M = 22.91, SD = 5.84; sports experience: M = 11.14, SD = 5.03), who 273 practiced individual sports and 323 team sports. They completed an online questionnaire survey assessing their perception of behavioral regulation, resilience and burnout in sport.

Results
Confirmatory factor analysis supported the six-factor correlated model, which was invariant across age and sport. Correlations among latent factors configured a simplex structure, underpinning the self-determination continuum. Average variance extracted values from .50 to .70 endorsed convergent validity. Scores for heterotrait-monotrait ratio of correlations as high as .88, as well as 95% confidence intervals of each interfactor correlation that did not include 1.00 supported discriminant validity. Values over .70 for Cronbach’s alpha, McDonald’s omega and Raykov’s coefficients showed a good level of reliability for each factor. Linear regression analysis revealed that while intrinsic motivation, integrated regulation and identified regulation positively predicted resilience, introjected regulation, external regulation and amotivation positively predicted burnout.

Conclusions
The BRSQ is shown to be a valid and reliable measure of the six types of behavioral regulation in the Romanian sport context.
The Effect of Vaping and Nicotine-containing Liquids to Suppress the Immune System: A Pilot Study
Authors: Anand Sanjana , Wilkerson Madeline , Malkin Robert 
Published: January 2022

Aims: We present a pilot study to illustrate how the impact of vaping can be quickly and conclusively documented in a large population and appropriate subpopulations.
Methods: It has been predicted that with longer duration and higher frequency of vaping, there would be a higher frequency of, a longer duration of, and more severe flu and cold symptoms — indicating a negative impact on the immune system. Studies have linked electronic cigarettes and vaping to respiratory and cardiovascular issues, drastic changes in blood pressure, and the reduced function of tissues and cells in the lungs, but only in small populations, making generalization to the entire population less convincing. A sample of 120, 18–22-year-olds in northern California were asked to complete a 14-question, two-minute, anonymous survey. Those with pre-existing respiratory ailments or a family history of respiratory ailments were excluded from the study along with those who smoke cigarettes or have smoked cigarettes in the past. The survey collected the frequency and time spent vaping and the severity, frequency, and longevity of the flu and cold symptoms. Responses were converted into numerical values and analyzed.
Results: Those who vaped more often had more severe flu and cold symptoms (p<0.005). However, no strong trends were present as can be expected from a pilot study. A power analysis based on this pilot data suggests that only 667 subjects would be required to answer the short survey to reach statistical significance.
Conclusion: A quick survey was created to show the negative effects of vaping on a general population. Showing effects generalizable to the entire population would require a very reasonably sized sample and could easily allow analysis of subpopulations.
Effectiveness of Exposure to Virtual Learning before Cadaveric Dissection to Study Anatomy for Students in Health Sciences at DMIMSU Wardha, Maharashtra
Authors: Fulmali Darshna , Thute Preeti P. , Keche Harsha Atul , Chimurkar Vilas K. 
Published: January 2022

Background: Anatomage dissection table offers detailed and interactive anatomical images which complement the anatomy textbook and the cadaveric studies. In this regard, the study was carried out to assess the effectiveness of exposure to virtual learning on the Anatomage table before cadaveric dissection and to assess the perception of students about the virtual dissection.
Methods: A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted on 200 first phase medical students from Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Science, Sawangi, Meghe, Wardha. Study participants were divided into two groups, group A and group B. Group A performed dissection of the triangle of the neck on the Anatomage table before performing the traditional dissection of the same region while group B performed traditional only. Pre and post-tests were conducted for both group participants using a pre-validated questionnaire. 5 point Likert scale was used for obtaining feedback from study participants. The student's t-test was used for statistical analysis.
Results: Observation Post-test score in group A, exposed to virtual dissection prior to cadaveric dissection was 9.18 (Std = 0.84) as compared to the post-test score of 7.11 (Std = 7.01) in group A which was not exposed to the virtual dissection table. 144 (72 %) of students agreed that virtual dissection helps in better understanding of the complex relation of structure with each other and 152 (76 %) students feel that prior exposure to virtual dissection develops an interest in cadaveric dissection.
Conclusions: Exposure to virtual dissection before cadaveric dissection was very effective way to learn anatomy for students of first MBBS as students were used to enjoy learning anatomy when virtual dissection was complemented with used before real cadaveric dissection.
Awareness of Emergency Eye Diseases and Red Flag Symptoms in Population of Western Province
Authors: Shehri Abdulaziz , Alharthi Atheer Ayad , Alshehri Bushra Faisal , Aljuaid Ahlam Mohammed , Alhuthali Hanan Rizieq , Alzahrani Khames T. 
Published: January 2022

Background: Emergency eye disease can lead to visual loss when the patient delay seeking medical care quickly due to poor knowledge and awareness of red flags and symptoms that eventually end by late diagnosis then possibly devastating outcomes for example permanent visual loss. This study aims to examine the level of awareness and knowledge regarding different emergency eye diseases in Western Province, kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Methodology: This is a cross sectional study conducted via online questionnaire and approved by research ethics of Taif university. SPSS version 25 was used for statistical analysis. Chi-squared, Mann-Whitney and Kruskal Wallis tests were applied, and a P-value of <0.05 was considered as statistically significant.
Result: A total of 702 participants to the online questionnaire from the western province of Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, with 565 (80.5%) females and 137 (19.5%) males. Regarding the awareness of different emergent ocular diseases, acute angle closure glaucoma has the highest awareness level (41.7%) and the least was giant cell arteritis (12.4%).
Conclusion: This study reflected the awareness and knowledge of retinal detachment, giant cell arteritis and central retinal occlusion in average population of the western province, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia which was extremely low. This will have an impact on seeking medical care early with delay in diagnosis and implementation of treatment that results in significant visual complications. So, we need to raise awareness of society about different emergency ocular conditions and red flags to help overcome the negative outcomes.
Rapid Plastic Deformation of Cancer Cells Correlates with High Metastatic Potential
Authors: Yan Zishen , Xia Xingyu , Cho William C. , Au Dennis W. , Shao Xueying , Fang Chao , Tian Ye , Lin Yuan 
Published: January 2022

AbstractMetastasis plays a crucial role in tumor development, however, lack of quantitative methods to characterize the capability of cells to undergo plastic deformations has hindered the understanding of this important process. Here, a microfluidic system capable of imposing precisely controlled cyclic deformation on cells and therefore probing their viscoelastic and plastic characteristics is developed. Interestingly, it is found that significant plastic strain can accumulate rapidly in highly invasive cancer cell lines and circulating tumor cells (CTCs) from late‐stage lung cancer patients with a characteristic time of a few seconds. In constrast, very little irreversible deformation is observed in the less invasive cell lines and CTCs from early‐stage lung cancer patients, highlighting the potential of using the plastic response of cells as a novel marker in future cancer study. Furthermore, author showed that the observed irreversible deformation should originate mainly from cytoskeleton damage, rather than plasticity of the cell nucleus.
Quantifying Efficiency Limitations in All‐Inorganic Halide Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Yuan Ye , Yan Genghua , Hong Ruijiang , Liang Zongcun , Kirchartz Thomas 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWhile halide perovskites have excellent optoelectronic properties, their poor stability is a major obstacle toward commercialization. There is a strong interest to move away from organic A‐site cations such as methylammonium and formamidinium toward Cs with the aim of improving thermal stability of the perovskite layers. While the optoelectronic properties and the device performance of Cs‐based all‐inorganic lead‐halide perovskites are very good, they are still trailing behind those of perovskites that use organic cations. Here, the state‐of‐the‐art of all‐inorganic perovskites for photovoltaic applications is reviewed by performing detailed meta‐analyses of key performance parameters on the cell and material level. Key material properties such as carrier mobilities, external photoluminescence quantum efficiency, and photoluminescence lifetime are discussed and what is known about defect tolerance in all‐inorganic is compared relative to hybrid (organic–inorganic) perovskites. Subsequently, a unified approach is adopted for analyzing performance losses in perovskite solar cells based on breaking down the losses into several figures of merit representing recombination losses, resistive losses, and optical losses. Based on this detailed loss analysis, guidelines are eventually developed for future performance improvement of all‐inorganic perovskite solar cells.
Flexible Construction of Functionalized‐Pyrroles under Palladium or Copper Catalysis in the Presence of BF3 ⋅ Et2O
Authors: Liu Yin , Liu Teng , Yan Biwei , Wei Kun , Guo Wusheng 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWe have developed a flexible approach enabling the access to highly functionalized pyrroles under palladium or copper catalysis in the presence of BF3 ⋅ Et2O. This catalytic methodology utilizes commercially available amines as reaction partners, and features ample scope, scalable and friendly operations with the generation of only water as byproduct. The generality of this protocol is demonstrated by the successful preparation of a range of di‐, tri‐, tetra‐ and pentasubstituted pyrroles. This methodology is amenable for the synthesis and derivatization of bioactive compounds.magnified image
Winter annual grass control and crop safety in quizalofop‐resistant wheat cultivars
Authors: Hildebrandt Curtis , Haley Scott , Shelton Chad W. , Westra Eric P. , Westra Philip , Gaines Todd 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWinter annual grass species such as jointed goatgrass (Aegilops cylindrica Host), downy brome (Bromus tectorum L.), and feral rye (Secale cereale L.) negatively affect winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) yields. To generate a novel in‐crop selective herbicide trait for winter annual grass control, mutagenesis was used to generate multiple winter wheat lines resistant to the acetyl co‐A carboxylase (ACCase) inhibitor quizalofop p‐ethyl (QPE). Field trials were performed to assess crop safety for wheat lines with one or two homoeologous mutations and to assess winter annual grass control with QPE treatments. Crop safety parameters including visual injury rating, plant height, grain yield, and kernel weight were evaluated following QPE treatment at multiple growth stages. The susceptible winter wheat cultivar Hatcher displayed 100% crop injury when treated at tillering in early spring or at jointing in late spring. Single‐gene lines generally had crop injury and yield loss, especially at the jointing application timing. The two‐mutation cultivars Incline AX and LCS Fusion AX had low to no injury or yield loss from QPE applications at all timings and no injury from high rate QPE applications (93 and 185 g ha−1) in either the fall or the spring. Control of downy brome and feral rye was highest (92–99%), while jointed goatgrass control ranged from a low of 73% at 93 g a.i. ha−1 to a high of 98% at 109 a.i. ha−1 QPE. Our data indicate that the targeted winter annual grass weeds are controlled by QPE at rates that have acceptable crop safety for two‐mutation QPE‐resistant wheat cultivars.
Backaction Evading and Amplification of Weak Force Signal in an Optomechanical System
Authors: Chao Shi‐Lei , Wang Da‐Wei , Yang Zhen , Zhao Cheng‐Song , Peng Rui , Zhou Ling 
Published: January 2022

AbstractA scheme of backaction evading and amplification of weak force signal is presented in an optomechanical system. By introducing the frequency modulation of the cavity field, the system can achieve the quantum nondemolition measurement interaction so that the backaction evading can be reached. With the help of the mechanical squeezing, the weak force signal can be amplified, which equals to amplifying the mechanical response function, reducing additional noise as well as thermal noise of mechanical oscillator. The current scheme opens up an alternative method for simultaneously surpassing the standard quantum limit and enhancing the mechanical response, and also reducing the mechanical thermal noise.
Highly Efficient Conversion of Propargylic Alcohols and Propargylic Amines with CO2 Activated by Noble‐Metal‐Free Catalyst Cu2O@ZIF‐8
Authors: Gu Ai‐Ling , Zhang Ya‐Xin , Wu Zhi‐Lei , Cui Hui‐Ya , Hu Tian‐Ding , Zhao Bin 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe cyclization reactions of propargylic alcohols and propargylic amines with CO2 are important in industrial applications, but it was a great challenge that non‐noble‐metal catalysts catalyzed both reactions under mild conditions. Herein, the catalyst Cu2O@ZIF‐8 was prepared by encapsulating Cu2O nanoparticles into robust ZIF‐8, and it can effectively catalyze the cyclization of both propargylic alcohols and propargylic amines with CO2 into valuable α‐alkylidene cyclic carbonates and oxazolidinones with turnover numbers (TONs) of 12.1 and 19.6, which can be recycled at least five times. The mechanisms were further uncovered by NMR, FTIR, 13C isotope‐labeling experiments and DFT calculations, in which Cu2O and DBU can synergistically activate the C≡C bond and the hydroxy/amino group of substrates. Importantly, it is the first example of a noble‐metal‐free catalyst that can catalyze both propargylic alcohols and propargylic amines with CO2 simultaneously.
Flexible silicone‐hollow glass microballoon syntactic foams for application in fire protective clothing
Authors: Tripathi Manorama , Parthasarathy Surekha , Yadav Raju , Roy Prasun Kumar 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis work deals with the development of flexible syntactic foams based on silicone and hollow glass microballoons (HGMs) for potential application as a lightweight thermal cum vapor barrier in fire‐protective ensembles. HGMs offer excellent thermal insulation and their inclusion into silicone leads to significant weight reduction, while improving the level of protection. Flexible silicone foams containing different types and loadings of HGMs were prepared and it was observed that high‐density microballoons (K46) survived compression molding process, due to their superior crushing strength (6000 psi) as compared to K15 (300 psi). The specific quasi‐static mechanical properties increased proportionally to the extent of loading. The inclusion of HGMs did not alter the curing behavior of silicone resin. Syntactic foams (40% HGMs) were coated onto glass fabric (GF) to prepare composites and thermal protective performance tests were performed to establish their effect on heat transfer. The protection level was higher for syntactic foam containing K46 glass microballoons, as compared to K15. The second‐degree burn time increased from 6.4 s (neat GF) to 10s for syntactic foam‐coated GF. Our studies demonstrate the potential of the developed syntactic foam‐coated GFs as a vapor cum thermal barrier in fire protective clothing.