bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mercury accumulation in honey bees trends upward with urbanization in the USA
Authors: Waiker Prashant , Ulus Yener , Tsui Martin Tsz‐Ki , Rueppell Olav 
Published: July 2022

AbstractUrbanization has profound implications for associated ecosystems and organisms. Monitoring pollutants inform risk assessments for human and wildlife health. Honey bees (Apis mellifera) forage widely and collect food from many sources. Thus, they may be a robust integrator of environmental pollutants. Here, we collected honey bees from 10 different locations across the United States to quantify their content of total mercury (THg) and methylmercury (MeHg). Although our limited sample size prevented a meaningful statistical evaluation, we found that bees from urbanized areas had higher THg than those from rural areas, with suburban samples intermediate. The MeHg concentrations in all samples were below the detection limit. Despite its limited scope, this first preliminary dataset on Hg levels in honey bees across the United States suggests that urbanization may play a role in increasing Hg exposure to these pollinators, and that honey bees may be a useful biomonitor of the environmental presence of chemical pollutants.
Polarization Rotation Control Domain Dynamic Response Modulates Piezoelectric Properties of Lead‐Free Thin Films
Authors: Zhu Kun , Ge Guanglong , Lin Jinfeng , Bai Hairui , Shi Cheng , Li Guohui , Yan Fei , Xu Liuxue , Yang Weiwei , Zeng Huarong , Zhao Kunyu , Man Zhenyong , Wang Feifei , Shen Bo , Zhai Jiwei , Chou Xiujian 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDomain orientation engineering regulates the polarization direction of thin film and facilitates the enhancement of piezoelectric properties. A change in polarization direction implies a structural change in the piezoelectric thin film. In this work, some unexpected results are obtained by preparing three orientations of Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3‐based lead‐free piezoelectric thin films to amplify this structural change. In distinction to the conventional perception, the piezoelectric properties decrease with increasing polarization direction. This anomaly is influenced by the concentration of structural defects, and rotation of the polarization direction may induce a change in the electronic structure of the material and hence in the concentration of structural defects. Ultimately, the suppression of the domain dynamics response by increasing structural defects leads to the worst piezoelectric properties for thin films with the traditionally perceived optimal (100) orientation. The revelation of this anomaly has implications for the design of the next generation of high‐performance piezoelectric thin films.
Discrete‐time contraction constrained nonlinear model predictive control using graph‐based geodesic computation
Authors: Wei Lai , McCloy Ryan , Bao Jie , Cranney Jesse 
Published: July 2022

AbstractModern chemical processes need to operate around time‐varying operating conditions to optimize plant economy, in response to dynamic supply chains (e.g., time‐varying specifications of product and energy costs). As such, the process control system needs to handle a wide range of operating conditions whilst optimizing system performance and ensuring stability during transitions. This article presents a reference‐flexible nonlinear model predictive control approach using contraction based constraints. Firstly, a contraction condition that ensures convergence to any feasible state trajectories or setpoints is constructed. This condition is then imposed as a constraint on the optimization problem for model predictive control with a general (typically economic) cost function, utilizing Riemannian weighted graphs and shortest path techniques. The result is a reference flexible and fast optimal controller that can trade‐off between the rate of target trajectory convergence and economic benefit (away from the desired process objective). The proposed approach is illustrated by a simulation study on a CSTR control problem.
Pollen competition in hybridizingCakilespecies: How does a latecomer win the race?
Authors: Jalali Tara , Rosinger Hanna S. , Hodgins Kathryn A. , Fournier‐Level Alexandre J. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPremiseHybridization between cross‐compatible species depends on the extent of competition between alternative mates. Even if stigmatic compatibility allows for hybridization, hybridization requires the heterospecific pollen to be competitive. Here, we determined whether conspecific pollen has an advantage in the race to fertilize ovules and the potential handicap to be overcome by heterospecific pollen in invasiveCakilespecies.MethodsWe used fluorescence microscopy to measure pollen tube growth after conspecific and heterospecific hand‐pollination treatments. We then determined siring success in the progeny relative to the timing of heterospecific pollen arrival on the stigma using CAPS markers.ResultsIn the absence of pollen competition, pollination time and pollen recipient species had a significant effect on the ratio of pollen tube growth. In long‐styledC. maritima(outcrosser), pollen tubes grew similarly in both directions. In short‐styledC. edentula(selfer), conspecific and heterospecific pollen tubes grew differently.Cakile edentulapollen produced more pollen tubes, revealing the potential for a mating asymmetry wherebyC. edentulapollen had an advantage relative toC. maritima. In the presence of pollen competition, siring success was equivalent when pollen deposition was synchronous. However, a moderate 1‐h advantage in the timing of conspecific pollination resulted in almost complete assortative mating, while an equivalent delay in conspecific pollination resulted in substantial hybrid formation.ConclusionsHybridization can aid the establishment of invasive species through the transfer of adaptive alleles from cross‐compatible species, but also lead to extinction through demographic or genetic swamping. Time of pollen arrival on the stigma substantially affected hybridization rate, pointing to the importance of pollination timing in driving introgression and genetic swamping.
Journey to wellness: A socioecological analysis of veterans in recovery from substance use disorders
Authors: Grisamore Simone P. , Nguyen Rebecca L. , Wiedbusch Elzbieta K. , Guerrero Mayra , Cope Carlie E. A. , Abo Mary G. , Jason Leonard A. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSubstance use disorders are increasingly prevalent among veterans in the United States. Veterans in recovery face unique challenges, such as high rates of psychiatric comorbidities, difficulties adjusting to civilian life, and inadequate housing and mental health services. While prior research has explored veterans' experiences in recovery, studies have not implemented a multilevel perspective in their analyses. The current qualitative study examined how individual veteran experiences intersect with interpersonal and systemic factors. Semistructured focus groups were conducted with veterans who were former or current residents of recovery homes (N = 20). Thematic analysis was utilized to explore veterans' personal experiences through the CHIME‐D framework (connectedness, hope & optimism, identity, meaning in life, empowerment, and difficulties). The data were further analyzed within a socioecological model (intrapersonal, interpersonal, and community). Each component of the CHIME‐D framework was salient across all focus groups, with connectedness, empowerment, and difficulties being the most prominent themes that occurred across all socioecological levels. Results suggest that recovery initiatives can effectively assist veterans by promoting empowerment, facilitating social connections, and addressing cooccurring difficulties across multiple socioecological contexts. Additionally, treatment programs should encourage veterans to take on meaningful roles in their communities. Future research should continue to explore veterans' recovery experiences using a socioecological model.
Evaluation of polyurethane/nylon 6(3) blend membranes for enhancedCO2separation
Authors: Kiani Sahar , Raisi Ahmadreza 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn this study, the polyurethane (PU)/nylon 6(3) blend membranes were developed for gas separation applications, and influence of blending Nylon 6(3) in PU on the microstructure, and separation performance of the blend membranes was investigated. The PU was synthesized via a two‐step polymerization technique. The blend membranes were characterized by SEM, DSC, XRD, and FTIR analysis. The SEM results showed that the blend membranes containing 20 wt% or less nylon 6(3) had less interaction than those containing higher nylon 6(3) contents. At 50 wt% of nylon 6(3), the compatibility between two polymers and reducing CO2permeability was observed. The blending of nylon 6(3) into the PU matrix decreased the chain mobility of the membrane, increased the membrane crystallinity, and led to a rough microstructure. The neat PU and nylon 6(3) membranes had the CO2/N2selectivity of 43.1 and 14.2, respectively, while the PU60/PA40 blend membrane had the CO2/N2 selectivity of 61.9. The PU50/PA50 blend showed the highest selectivity (22.4) for CO2/CH4 separation. The CO2, CH4, and N2permeabilities in all membranes were enhanced by increasing upstream pressure.
An improved method for isolation and flow cytometric characterization of intrahepatic leukocytes from fatty and fibrotic liver tissues
Authors: Kandhi Rajani , Variya Bhavesh , Ramanathan Sheela , Ilangumaran Subburaj 
Published: July 2022

AbstractFlow cytometry is an imperative tool to characterize alterations in a wide range of immune cell populations during inflammatory conditions and disease states that affect the liver such as the obesity‐induced non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease and liver fibrosis. Identification and quantification of immune cell subsets from the liver is critically dependent on efficient isolation of intrahepatic leukocytes. The isolation of leukocytes from fatty and fibrotic livers and processing the cells for flow cytometry can be challenging with respect to cell yields, purity and most importantly, the level of autofluorescence resulting from fat deposition. Here, we describe an efficient method for isolating intrahepatic leukocytes from mice fed with high fat diet and propose a strategy to alleviate autofluorescence during phenotyping by multicolor flowcytometry. We also describe a gating strategy for robust identification of granulocytes, pro‐inflammatory, anti‐inflammatory and transitional state monocyte subsets, dendritic cells, B cell, T lymphocyte subpopulations and NK cell subsets. Overall, the procedures described here will allow simultaneous processing of several samples while ensuring reproducible cell isolation and efficient noise reduction required for reliable characterization of intrahepatic leukocytes from the fatty liver tissues.
The relationship between emotional intelligence and parental stress management during the Covid‐19 pandemic
Authors: Mohammadi Fatemeh , ShoaaKazemi Mehrangiz 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis study planned and conducted to investigate the relationship between emotional intelligence and parental stress management during the Covid‐19 pandemic. Taking into account the role of emotional intelligence parameters in stress management, this study aimed to show how a family can stand on its own feet and overcome the crisis safely. We used a descriptive correlational method. The statistical population of the study included all parents living in Tehran who underwent the stress of the Coronavirus in 2021. The statistical sample included 420 randomly selected parents. Goleman Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire and Stress Management and Coping Skills Questionnaire were used for data collection. Data analysis was performed using Pearson's Correlation Coefficient Test and stepwise regression method. The results showed that the stress response factor plays an important role in the increase of the emotional intelligence score (scale), and a positive and significant relationship was observed between them with 99% confidence. We found a positive and significant relationship between empathy and parental stress management parameters during the Covid‐19 pandemic with 99% confidence. There is a significant negative relationship between self‐motivation and parental stress management during the Covid‐19 pandemic with 95% confidence. Relaying on the findings of our study, we concluded that we can help families to manage the parental stress during the Covid‐19 pandemic by strengthening the empathy parameter of emotional intelligence and reducing premature and unmanaged sensitiveness.
Clinical impact of tumour burden on the efficacy of PD‐1/PD‐L1 inhibitors plus chemotherapy in non‐small‐cell lung cancer
Authors: Miyawaki Taichi , Kenmotsu Hirotsugu , Doshita Kosei , Kodama Hiroaki , Nishioka Naoya , Iida Yuko , Miyawaki Eriko , Mamesaya Nobuaki , Kobayashi Haruki , Omori Shota , Ko Ryo , Wakuda Kazushige , Ono Akira , Naito Tateaki , Murakami Haruyasu , Mori Keita , Harada Hideyuki , Endo Masahiro , Takahashi Kazuhisa , Takahashi Toshiaki 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundProgrammed cell death 1 (PD‐1)/programmed cell death ligand (PD‐L1) inhibitors plus chemotherapy (ICI + Chemo) is the standard treatment for advanced non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the impact of tumour burden on the efficacy of ICI + Chemo remains unknown.MethodsWe retrospectively evaluated 92 patients with advanced NSCLC treated with ICI + Chemo. Tumour burden was assessed as the sum of the longest diameter of the target lesion (BSLD) and number of metastatic lesions (BNMLs). We categorised the patients into three groups based on the combined BSLD and BNML values.ResultsSixty‐eight patients (74%) had progressive disease or died. Forty‐four patients (48%) in the low‐BSLD group had a median progression‐free survival (PFS) of 9.5 months, whereas patients in the high‐BSLD group had a median PFS of 4.6 months (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.54, p = 0012). Twenty‐five patients (27%) in the low‐BNML group had a median PFS of 9.6 months, whereas patients in the high‐BNML group had a median PFS of 6.5 months (HR = 0.51, p = 0.029). Low‐BSLD and low‐BNML were associated independently with improved PFS in multivariate analysis. Analysis of the tumour burden combined with BSLD and BNML revealed a trend towards improved PFS as the tumour burden decreased, with median PFS of 22.3, 8.7, and 3.9 months in the low‐ (N = 13), medium‐ (N = 42) and high‐burden (N = 37) groups respectively.ConclusionsOur findings demonstrated that a high tumour burden negatively impacts the efficacy of ICI + Chemo in patients with advanced NSCLC.
Extra‐gonadal mature teratoma: A case report of retroperitoneal location with a literature review
Authors: Mahjoubi Mohamed Farès , Hamdi Kbir Ghassen , Maatouk Mohamed , Messaoudi Sohaib , Rezgui Bochra , Ben Moussa Mounir 
Published: July 2022

AbstractExtra‐gonadal mature teratoma is a benign tumor occurring rarely in adults. The retroperitoneal localization constitutes less than 4%. Treatment consists of surgical resection. Histological examination is essential for definitive diagnosis. We reported an unusual case of mature retroperitoneal teratoma discovered in a young man with abdominal pain.
Unusual facial lesions in H syndrome
Authors: Rekik Mariem , Bahloul Emna , Ben Rejeb Mohamed , Sellami Khadija , Charfi Slim , Chouk Hamza , Boudaouara Tahya , Turki Hamida 
Published: July 2022

AbstractH Syndrome is a rare genodermatosis. It may include facial involvement such as: facial telangiectasia, both hypo‐ and hyperpigmented lesions, hirsutism, swollen cheeks due to subcutaneous infiltration and eczematous lesions. We describe a new facial phenotype with dermoscopic and histological features in the spectrum of non‐Langerhans cell histiocytosis.
Dynamic Multi‐Objective Optimization of Autocatalytic Esterification in a Semi‐Batch Reactor
Authors: Rohman Fakhrony Sholahudin , Zahan Khairul Azly , Aziz Norashid 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe catalytic esterification of ‐butyl propionate in a semi‐batch reactor is examined using dynamic, nonlinear programming‐based optimization. To solve the conflicting bi‐objective of minimizing the final time tf and maximizing the conversion Xc, the ε‐constraint, weighted sum, and NSGA‐II (non‐dominated sorting genetic algorithm II) techniques were implemented. By computing performance measurements like hypervolume, pure diversity, and spacing, these multi‐objective optimization techniques were compared to the characteristics of the Pareto solution. Each Pareto solution point comprises a unique combination of optimal feed flow rate and temperature trajectories. These solutions provide various options for evaluating trade‐offs while establishing the best operating strategy.
Rearranged Dichapetalin‐Type Triterpenoids with Cytotoxic Activity from Dichapetalum gelonioides
Authors: Gao Xin‐Hua , Wang Xi‐Yuan , Zhou Jun‐Su , Zhang Yan , Liu Hong‐Chun , Zhou Bin , Yue Jian‐Min 
Published: July 2022

Comprehensive SummaryDichagelinoids A—C (1—3), three unusual dichapetalin‐type triterpenoids, together with two biogenetically related derivatives dichagelinoids D and E (4 and 5) were isolated and characterized by solid data from Dichapetalum gelonioides. Compounds 1—3 possess a common rearranged C ring and different C6—C2 modified motifs at the A rings. Biological evaluation revealed that compounds 1—3 showed distinct cytotoxic activity against the tested human cancer cell lines.
Identification and therapeutic evaluation of ALK rearrangements in non‐small‐cell lung cancer
Authors: Zhao Ruiying , Guo Lianying , Zhang Bo , Zhao Jikai , Xiang Chan , Chen Shengnan , Shao Jinchen , Zhu Lei , Ye Min , Han Yuchen 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis study aimed to present a comprehensive assessment of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) rearrangements evaluated by DNA/RNA‐based next‐generation sequencing (NGS) and Ventana immunohistochemistry (IHC) in patients with non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and to evaluate the therapeutic outcomes of ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) treatment. We investigated ALK gene fusions in 14,894 patients with NSCLC using Ventana IHC and NGS, including 12,533 cases detected via DNA‐based NGS and 2,361 cases using RNA‐based NGS. The overall percentage agreement (OPA), positive percentage agreement (PPA), and negative percentage agreement (NPA) were calculated when comparing the results between NGS and IHC. The therapeutic responses to ALK‐TKIs were also evaluated. In total, 3.50% (439/12,533) of specimens were NGS ALK‐positive (NGS‐p) in the DNA‐based NGS cohort and 3.63% (455/12,533) were IHC ALK‐positive (IHC‐p). The OPA of NGS was 99.60%, whereas its PPA and NPA were 92.75 and 99.86%, respectively. In the adenocarcinoma (ADC) subcohort, the PPA was 95.69%. In the RNA‐based NGS cohort, 2.20% (52/2,361) of specimens were NGS‐p and 2.63% (62/2,361) were IHC‐p. The OPA of NGS was 99.49%; its PPA and NPA were 82.26 and 99.96%, respectively. Thirteen patients with discordant results received ALK‐TKI treatment. In the seven NGS‐p/IHC‐negative (IHC‐n) patients, the overall response rate (ORR) was 85.4% (6/7) and the disease control rate (DCR) was 100%. In the six NGS‐negative/IHC‐p patients, the ORR was 66.7% (4/6) and the DCR was 100%. In summary, a high concordance of ALK gene fusion detected via NGS and IHC was observed in this study. DNA‐based NGS had a higher OPA, PPA, and PPA in the ADC subcohort, whereas RNA‐based NGS had a higher NPA. Overall, the results suggest that the combination of NGS and IHC can improve the accuracy of ALK fusion detection; hence, a result determination algorithm for clinical detection of ALK gene fusion was also proposed.
An In Vitro Microneutralization Assay for Influenza Virus Serology
Authors: Cuevas Frans , Kawabata Hisaaki , Krammer Florian , Carreño Juan Manuel 
Published: July 2022

AbstractInfluenza is an infectious respiratory disease with significant morbidity and mortality rates among people of all ages. Influenza viruses spread and evolve rapidly in the human population. Different immune histories, given by previous exposures to influenza virus infections and/or vaccinations, result in a great diversity of humoral and cellular immune responses. Understanding protective immune responses induced against circulating virus strains and potential pandemic strains is vital for infection prevention and disease mitigation. Vaccine formulations for seasonal influenza must be reformulated annually to stay abreast of occurring virus mutations. Assays to measure the capacity of antibodies to neutralize influenza viruses provide a good estimate of protection against future infections with strains similar or identical to those used in the assay. Here, we describe a detailed protocol of our standard in vitro microneutralization assay to assess the neutralization activity of polyclonal sera or purified monoclonal antibodies. © 2022 The Authors. Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.This article was corrected on 27 August 2022. See the end of the full text for details.Basic Protocol: Microneutralization assay to assess virus inhibition by serum or monoclonal antibodiesSupport Protocol 1: Preparation of cDMEMSupport Protocol 2: Preparation and aliquoting of TPCK‐treated trypsinSupport Protocol 3: Inactivation of serum samples by RDE treatment
Towards Solving the PFAS Problem: The Potential Role of Metal‐Organic Frameworks
Authors: FitzGerald Laura I. , Olorunyomi Joseph F. , Singh Ruhani , Doherty Cara M. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPer‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a group of recalcitrant molecules that have been used since the 1940s in a variety of applications. They are now linked to a host of negative health outcomes and are extremely resistant to degradation under environmental conditions. Currently, membrane technologies or adsorbents are used to remediate contaminated water. These techniques are either inefficient at capturing smaller PFAS molecules, have high energy demands, or result in concentrated waste that must be incinerated at high temperatures. This Review focuses on what role metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) may play in addressing the PFAS problem. Specifically, how the unique properties of MOFs such as their well‐defined pore sizes, ultra‐high internal surface area, and tunable surface chemistry may be a sustainable solution for PFAS contamination.