bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Literatura i kultura polska na niemieckich uniwersytetach: praktyki i wyzwania dydaktyczne
Authors: Bednarczuk Monika , Rutz Marion 
Published: April 2022

Artykuł proponuje bliższe spojrzenie na zakres, konteksty i metody badań nad literaturą i kulturą polską i ich nauczaniem na wybranych niemieckich uniwersytetach. Autorki, opierając się na własnych doświadczeniach dydaktycznych na kierunkach studiów licencjackich i magisterskich z komponentem polonistycznym, po pierwsze, określają specyfikę polonistycznych studiów literaturoznawczych w Niemczech na tle uwarunkowań kulturowych i polityczno-ekonomicznych. Po drugie, prezentują problematykę oraz strukturę wybranych zajęć, jakie prowadziły. Wyjaśniają powody, dla których określone teksty i ramy interpretacyjne wydały im się najbardziej odpowiednie, oraz wymieniają najważniejsze wyzwania, z jakimi mierzyć się muszą słuchacze i wykładowcy, w tym kwestie strukturalne, finansowe i kulturowe. Artykuł dowodzi, że różnice między polonistyką krajową a niemiecką mogą być inspirujące dla nich obu. Pozytywnym aspektem niemieckiego modelu jest zwłaszcza szersze, komparatystyczne (głównie, lecz nie tylko slawistyczne) spojrzenie na literaturę i kulturę polską.
„Gęby za lud walczące…” – Czesław Zgorzelski o Mickiewiczowskim rękopisie „N⁰ 38”
Authors: Jańczyk Urszula 
Published: April 2022

Przedmiotem artykułu jest niepublikowany dotąd tekst profesora Czesława Zgorzelskiego ze zbiorów Biblioteki Uniwersyteckiej KUL, poświęcony Mickiewiczowskiemu rękopisowi nr 38, zawierającemu trzy drobne utwory liryczne: [Broń mnie przed sobą samym…], [Pytasz za co Bóg trochą sławy mnie ozdobił…] oraz [Gęby za lud walczące…]. W tekście tym autor stara się odpowiedzieć na pytania, w jaki sposób te trzy zapisy znalazły się na jednej stronie luźnej karty oraz jaka jest relacja między tymi zapisami. W toku analizy autor stwierdza, że Mickiewiczowski rękopis nie zawiera urywków – jak sądził Stanisław Pigoń – a samodzielne utwory, niewymagające uzupełnień ani dopełnień. Ponadto Zgorzelski stawia tezę, iż nie ma między tymi utworami powiązań dostatecznie wyrazistych, by można je było traktować jako wzajemne uzupełnienia. Prezentowany tekst został opatrzony wstępem oraz notą edytorską.
Wanderings and Moments of Pause: Biblical Motifs in Mistyka Gór [Mountain Mysticism] by Roman E. Rogowski
Authors: Dutka Elżbieta 
Published: April 2022

Mistyka gór [Mountain Mysticism] is a book which has been reprinted several times, translated into several languages, and described as “legendary”, especially for those readers who are lovers of mountains. The author – R.E. Rogowski – is a priest, theologian, scholar and mountaineer. Mistyka gór is of a hybrid nature, lying on the border between literature and theology. This article proposes an interpretation of this book from a geopoetics perspective, as a meditative guide to Israel, an autobiography, and a mountain narrative. In each of these cases, the biblical motifs of mountains play a crucial role. Peaks mentioned in the Bible mark the pilgrimage trail, order the story of the author’s life, and stand as the mountaineer’s goals. They also form pretexts for a broader existential reflection. Rogowski writes about his mountain wanderings and moments of pause, which have both literal and metaphorical meanings. He primarily draws attention to these pauses. They signify not only a chance to rest, but also to pray and contemplate. It makes Rogowski’s book both unique and original.
The Effect of Neonatal Training Programs on NICU Nurses’ Knowledge and Practice in the Military and Police Hospitals of Khartoum State, Sudan
Authors: Adam Rabab.Mohamed , Bassyonie Elssayed Buthina 
Published: April 2022

Background: Hypothermia in neonates is a life-threatening condition. It happens due to the extrinsic thermal variations that contrast the intrauterine area. Early detection methods such as increased awareness and good nursing care play an important role in the prevention of hypothermia in newborns and reduce the consequences and death resulting from it. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of training programs on nurses’ knowledge and practice with respect to caring for neonates with hypothermia.
Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted in the military and police hospitals in Khartoum State, Sudan. A total of 47 nurses meeting the study inclusion criteria and agreeing to participate were included. The necessary research data were collected using a structured interview and a checklist pre and three months post intervention. Training program on neonatal hypothermia was offered to nurses which included the definition, causes, signs and symptoms, and treatment and prevention of neonatal hypothermia. Data were analyzed using the SPSS v.20; descriptive and inferential statistics (t-test and chi-squared test) were used with p-values < 0.05 considered as statistically significant.
Results: All participants were female nurses aged 20–30 years, with a mean age of 27.7 ± 5.3 years. A majority of them (40 [85.1%]) had a BSc degree in nursing. Their experiences were varied, but the most common was 1–5 years, followed by 6–10 years (15 [32%] and 14 [29.8%], respectively). Nurses’ knowledge about observing and monitoring temperature pre intervention was 73%, which increased to 94.3% post intervention with a P-value = 0.03. Additionally, nurses’ practice in cases of hypothermia pre intervention was 80.01%, which increased to 82.9% post intervention. Their pre intervention practice around placing the baby under radiant warmer was 72.3%, which changed to 93.6% post intervention with a P-value = 0.006.
Conclusion: Implementation of the training program on neonatal hypothermia was very effective and significantly increased nurses’ level of knowledge and practices. We recommend similar training programs should be given to all nurses working in the neonatal intensive care units in Sudan.
Histopathological Features of Whipple Pancreaticoduodenectomy in Sudan: A Single-center Experience
Authors: Mekki Salwa O. , Zulfu Azza A. , Dabora Abderrhaim , Elhaj Waleed , Osman Salah , Ahmed Musaab , Ahmed Mohamed H. 
Published: April 2022

Background: Periampullary tumors (PATs) are rare and Whipple pancreaticoduodenectomy is the commonest surgical approach for its management. The aim of this study was to analyze the histopathological features of Whipple-resected periampullary tumors in Sudanese patients.
Methods: This retrospective descriptive study included 62 cases of Whipple resection seen in a center in Khartoum, Sudan from January 2016 to June 2021. The specimens were assessed for nine features of the tumor: site of the tumor (whether within the periampullary region), size of the tumor, histological type of the tumor, grade, perineural invasion, lymph vascular invasion, surgical margin status, lymph node metastasis status, and the pathological stage (pTNM).
Results: In total, 62 cases, 40 (64.5%) males and 22 (35.5%) females, were included. Age ranged from 20 to 90 years with a mean age of 56.08 years (±12.98 SD). Of the 62 cases, 58 were malignant (93.5%), while 4 cases were benign (6.5%). The pancreas was the commonest site for malignant tumors (53.4%), followed by the ampulla (24.1%), duodenum (15.5%), and distal common bile duct tumors (DCBD) (7%). The maximum tumor size was 8 cm, and the number of lymph nodes resected ranged from 3 to 33. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDACs) showed the highest percentage of perineural (62.1%) and lymphovascular (55.2%) invasions, and a positive margin was seen in four cases. The most common tumor stage was pT3pN1pMx.
Conclusion: PATs in the Sudanese population showed histological diversity regarding subtyping, grading, and staging. Further studies involving molecular prognostic features will support improving patient management.
The Antibiotic Resistance and Multidrug Resistance Pattern of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli at Soba University Hospital: A Descriptive Retrospective Survey
Authors: Eezzeldin Hagir Mohamed , Badi Safaa , Yousef Bashir Alsiddig 
Published: April 2022

Background: The irrational use of antibiotics for the treatment of urinary tract infections (UTIs) may lead to increased antimicrobial resistance among uropathogenic Escherichia coli (E. coli), as well as multidrug resistance worldwide, which will limit available treatment options for UTIs caused by these organisms. This study aimed to determine the resistance pattern of E. coli causing UTIs in out-patients and in-patients of Soba University Hospital.
Methods: Data were collected from the laboratory records in the Department of Microbiology in Soba Teaching Hospital by using a predesigned checklist and then analyzed using the statistical package for social sciences. Bivariate analysis (Chi-square test) was used to compare between variables.
Results: Out of the 231 E. coli urine cultures, 160 (69.3%) were collected from females. The results showed high resistance to ampicillin (92.4%), amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (83.3%), cephalexin (90.6%), cefuroxime (72%), ceftazidime (71%), ceftriaxone (72%), ciprofloxacin (68%), and co-trimoxazole (75.3%). Collectively, around 188 (81.4%) were multidrug-resistant. On the other hand, the sensitivities of E. coli isolates were 68.8%, 93.1%, 89.4%, and 100% to gentamicin, amikacin, and carbapenems, respectively.
Conclusion: The rate of E. coli resistance was observed to be high to the commonly prescribed drugs for UTIs, including ampicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, different cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, and co-trimoxazole. However, E. coli showed lower resistance rates to nitrofurantoin, amikacin, and carbapenems. Thus, these drugs can be reserved for the empirical treatment of UTIs caused by E. coli.
Impacts de l’envahissement de Sida cordifolia L. sur la diversité herbacée d’un parcours pastoral sahélien : la vallée du Goulbi N’Kaba de Mayahi au Niger
Authors: Laouali Abdou , Abdoul Razak Sani Tari , Achirou Moutari 
Published: April 2022

L’espèce végétale Sida cordifolia pose de sérieux problèmes pour les systèmes d’élevage. Son développement réduit particulièrement, la disponibilité du fourrage dans les aires de pâture en voix de dégradation et les couloirs de passage. Cette étude a pour but d’évaluer les impacts de développement de l’espèce sur la diversité des plantes herbacées autour de la vallée de Goulbi N’Kaba de Mayahi. Des relevés phytosociologiques ont été effectués dans quatre (4) communes à travers la méthode des points quadrats, sur des sites soumis et non soumis à la lutte physique contre cette plante envahissante. Elle se révèle la plus compétitive vis-à-vis des autres herbes dans les sites non soumis à la lutte, avec une contribution spécifique de 35,43%. La méthode de lutte physique utilisée s’avère rentable en réduisant le recouvrement de S. cordifolia de 35,43% à 4,71%. La diversité est faible dans les sites non soumis à la lutte contre S. cordifolia (H = 2,5). Elle est moyenne dans les sites soumis à la lutte (H=3,1). Les deux types de sites présentent peu d’espèces communes (JACCARD (Pj) = 40% soit 0,4). Cette étude a contribué à la connaissance des impacts de S. cordifolia sur la diversité herbacée de la zone concernée et contribuera sans doute à élaborer des stratégies de lutte efficace contre cette herbe envahissante qui impacte négativement le développement des espèces fourragères.
The plant species Sida cordifolia poses serious problems for livestock systems. Its development particularly reduces the available fodder in the pasture areas in the path of degradation and the corridors of passage. The aim of this study is to assess the impacts of the development of the species on the diversity of herbaceous plants around the Goulbi N'Kaba valley of Mayahi. Phytosociological surveys were carried out in four (4) municipalities using the quadrat point method, on sites subject and not subject to the physical fight against this invasive plant. It is found to be the most competitive against other grasses in sites not subject to control, with a specific contribution of 35.43%.The physical control method used was effective by reducing the recovery of S. cordifolia from 35.43% to 4.71%. Diversity is low in sites not subject to control of S. cordifolia (H = 2.5). It is average in the sites subject to control (H=3.1). The two types of sites have few common species (JACCARD (Pj) = 40% or 0.4). This study has contributed to the knowledge of the impacts of S. cordifolia on the herbaceous diversity of the area concerned and will undoubtedly contribute to the development of effective control strategies against this invasive weed which negatively impacts the development of forage species.
Lipase Activity, Hematological and Blood Biochemistry of Osphronemus gouramy Fed with Suplementation of Spirulina platensis and Chlorella vulgaris
Authors: Simanjuntak Sorta Basar Ida , Hana Hana , Yunida Riska , Zuwanda Maditaningtyas Hawwa 
Published: April 2022

Spirulina platensis and Chlorella vulgaris are algae that contain high nutrients, such as protein, vitamins, and minerals. The purpose of this study was to determine the lipase activity, hematological, blood biochemistry and to obtain the most effective supplementation of Spirulina platensis and Chlorella vulgaris in feed to enhance lipase activity, hematological parameter, blood biochemistry of gourami. The study was conducted experimentally in which 100 gourami fish were assigned randomely to the following treatments: P1 = Spirulina platensis 6 g kg-1 feed; P2 = Chlorella vulgaris 4 g kg-1; P3 = Spirulina platensis 3 g kg-1 + Chlorella vulgaris 2 g kg-1; P4 = Spirulina platensis 2 g kg-1 + Chlorella vulgaris 3 g kg-1; and C = feed without supplementation as control, in four replicates. Lipase activity was measured in various digestive organs at pH 2, 5, 7, 8 and 10. The results showed that supplementation of Spirulina platensis and Chlorella vulgaris affected lipase activity; hematological parameter and blood biochemistry of gourami. The combination Spirulina platensis + Chlorella vulgaris supplementation in feed showed the highest increased of the lipase activity, hematological parameter and blood biochemistry of gourami. Spirulina platensis + Chlorella vulgaris supplementation in feed might improve growth and immunity since the increase of digestive enzyme functioning which enhances feed utilization and the increase of biochemical parameters of blood, respectively.
Empang Parit as Silvofishery Model to Support Conserving Mangrove and Increasing Economic Benefit of Social Community
Authors: Hilmi Endang , Nugroho Setiyo , Sudiana Eming 
Published: April 2022

Mangrove, estuary and lagoon ecosystem can be used as the aquatic organism habitat. These ecosystems also have good suitability to support activity of silvofishery system. Empang parit as a model of silvofishery using the integrating between the conservation activity of mangrove and aquatic ecosystem with increasing of benefit income for fisherman. This research aimed to analyze the model and pattern of empang parit, environment factor of empang parit and benefit cost analysis of empang parit. The research used vegetation analysis, water quality analysis, cash flow analysis, satellite image analysis, and geographical information analysis. The research explained that empang parit required water temperatur between 29 – 32.6oC, water brightnes between 30 – 60 cm, water salinity between 15 -32 ppt, pH between 7 – 81 and dissolve oxygen between 3.9 – 8.3 mg/L.The empang parit also need Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Heritiera littoralis and Excoecaria agallocha, Rhizophora mucronata and Rhizophora apiculate to cover empang parit system. And empang parit gave postive economic value based on value of NPV between 2.754.703–3.871.542 IDR, IRR between 21–48 and R/C between 2.26–2.32.Keywords : Empang parit; silvofishery system; economic valuation; water quality; mangrove coverage
Mini Special Issue on Studies of Historical and Archaeological Materials for Disaster Research
Authors: Ebara Masaharu , Satake Kenji 
Published: April 2022

Japan is a country that experiences a considerable number of natural disasters. It sees frequent seismic and volcanic activity because it is located on the boundaries of multiple plates. In addition, the temperate monsoon climate brings heavy rains and therefore floods and landslides. Since ancient times, the Japanese have repeatedly recovered from various natural disasters. That history has much to teach those living alive now.
In Japan, observation systems for earthquakes and volcanic eruptions have been set up, and research based on the records of these instruments is actively being done. However, some earthquakes and eruptions repeat at intervals of hundreds of years, making the investigation of historical and archaeological materials essential if the true circumstances of such natural events and damage they caused are to be learned. A part of the historical disaster research currently being conducted in Japan is presented in this mini special issue.
This mini special issue contains four papers. Ebara’s paper, taking up the ways in which artificial development has transformed the topography in the last 500 years, considers the relationship between the original topography and the damage caused by typhoons. Kaneko’s contribution considers the damage sustained by one village that was hit by the tsunami that resulted from the great earthquake in the early 18th century. Kaneko surveys archaeological sites and tombstones that reveal that many of the victims were women and children. Sugimori et al. elucidate the exact time of the great earthquake in the 19th century by using historical materials written in Japanese, English, and Russian. Along with the importance of comparing and contrasting various literatures, the work teaches us that disasters have no borders. Murata proposes a method of utilizing archaeological excavations in earthquake research. It also presents a case in which the condition of the ground, which cannot be understood by surface observation alone, is estimated from traces of a disaster.
From these papers, readers can learn the potential of historical and archaeological materials in disaster research.
French Versus Esi: Comparison Between Two Nurse Triage Emergency Scales With Referent Scenarios
Authors: AUBRION ANTOINE , CLANET Romain , JOURDAN Jean Pierre , CREVEUIL Christian , ROUPIE Eric , MACREZ Richard 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Acute triage is needed to prioritize care and achieve optimal resource allocation in busy emergency departments. The main objective is to compare the FRench Emergency Nurse Classification in Hospital scale (FRENCH) to the American scale Emergency Severity Index (ESI). Secondary objectives are to compare for each scale the over and under-triage, the triage matching to the gold standard and the inter-individual sorting reproducibility between the nurses.METHODS: This is a prospective observational study conducting among the nursing staffs and nursing students, selected from Caen University College Hospital and Lisieux Hospital Center emergency departments between two months. Each group individually rank 60 referent clinical cases composed by scales designers. An assessment of scale practicality is collected after for each tool. The collected parameters are analyzed by a Cohen kappa concordance test (κ).RESULTS: With 8101 triage results of gold standard scenarios sorting in two scales by the same nurses, the FRENCH scale seems to give better triage results than the US ESI scale (nurse: FRENCH 60% and ESI 53%, p=0.003 ; nursing students: FRENCH 49% and ESI 42%, p<0.001). In the two groups ESI has also a big tendency to under-sort (p=0.01), particularly for the most severe patients (p<0.01). The interobserver sorting concordance for any experience gives good results for the FRENCH and the ESI without any difference (nurses : FRENCH KPQ=0.72 ESI KPQ=0.78; p=0.32 ; students KPQ=0.44 KPQ=0.55; p=0.22).CONCLUSION: The ESI and FRENCH scales comparison on 8101 sorting results shows direct validity in favor of FRENCH one and similar interobserver agreement for both scales.
A Mycobacterium tuberculosis fingerprint in human breath allows tuberculosis diagnosis
Authors: Mosquera-Restrepo Sergio , Zuberogoïtia Sophie , Gouxette Lucie , Layre Emilie , Gilleron Martine , Stella Alexandre , Burlet-Schiltz Odile , Caro Ana Cecilia , Garcia Luis , Segura César , Jaramillo Carlos Alberto Peláez , Rojas Mauricio , Nigou Jérôme 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
An estimated one third of tuberculosis (TB) cases go undiagnosed or unreported. Sputum samples, widely used for TB diagnosis, are inefficient at detecting infection in children and paucibacillary (smear negative) patients. Indeed, developing point-of-care biomarker-based diagnostics that are not sputum-based is a major priority for the WHO. Here, we tested exhaled breath condensate (EBC) for Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) molecules and assessed whether this approach allows pulmonary TB diagnosis. Mtb-specific lipids, lipoarabinomannan lipoglycan, and proteins present in EBCs unambiguously differentiate TB patients from controls. We used EBCs to track the longitudinal effects of antibiotic treatment in Mtb-infected children. In addition, Mtb lipoarabinomannan and lipid structure in EBC revealed specific metabolic and biochemical states of Mtb in the human lung. Our data collectively indicate that EBC analysis can unequivocally diagnose TB across all patient populations and monitor treatment efficacy. This affordable, rapid and non-invasive approach seems superior to sputum assays and can potentially easily be implemented at point-of-care.
Spiking attractor model of motor cortex explains modulation of neural and behavioral variability by prior target information
Authors: Rostami Vahid , Rost Thomas , Riehle Alexa , Albada Sacha van , Nawrot Martin 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
When preparing a movement, we often rely on partial or incomplete information, which can decrement task performance. In the behaving monkey we show that the degree of cued target information is reflected in both, neural variability in motor cortex and behavioral reaction times. We study the underlying mechanisms in a spiking motor-cortical attractor model. By introducing a novel and biologically realistic network topology where excitatory neuron clusters are locally balanced with inhibitory neuron clusters we robustly ensure multistable network activity across a wide range of network parameters. In application to the monkey task, the model performs target selection and accurately reproduces the task-epoch dependent reduction of trial-to-trial variability in vivo where the degree of reduction directly reflects the amount of available target information, while spiking irregularity remained constant throughout the task. In the context of incomplete cue information, the increased target selection time of the model explains the increased behavioral reaction time of the monkey. We conclude that context-dependent neural and behavioral variability are a signum of attractor computation in the motor cortex.