bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Difference in the alveolar bone remodeling between the adolescents and adults during upper incisor retraction: a retrospective study
Authors: Zheng Ya , Zhu Chenjing , Zhu Meng , Lei Lang 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to compare the difference of alveolar bone remodeling between the adolescents and adults in the maxillary incisor area during retraction. This retrospective study included 72 female patients who needed moderate anchorage to correct the bimaxillary protrusion. Subjects were further divided into the minor group (n = 36, 11–16 years old) and adult group (n = 36, 18–35 years old). Digital lateral cephalography and cone beam CT scanning were taken in each patient before (T0) and after treatment (T1). Cephalometry was conducted to assess incisor retraction, while alveolar bone thickness (ABT), alveolar bone distance (ABD), and alveolar bone area (ABA) were detected to assess changes in the alveolar bone. No difference in the inclination of upper incisors was observed at both T0 and T1 between two groups. Changes in the alveolar bone showed a similar tendency with bone apposition on the labial side and bone resorption on the palatal side in both groups. Less increase in the labial ABT (T1–T0) and more decrease in the palatal ABT (T1–T0) was found in the adult group, leading to less total ABT in the adult group. Higher reduction in ABD (T1–T0) was found in the adult group. Moreover, more decrease in the ABA (T1–T0) was found in the adult group. Adult patients have less alveolar bone support after treatment when compared with young adolescents. Orthodontists should take the age into consideration to reduce the potential periodontal risks during the treatment planning.
Music reading experience modulates eye movement pattern in English reading but not in Chinese reading
Authors: Liao Weiyan , Li Sara Tze Kwan , Hsiao Janet Hui-wen 
Published: June 2022

AbstractHere we tested the hypothesis that in Chinese-English bilinguals, music reading experience may modulate eye movement planning in reading English but not Chinese sentences due to the similarity in perceptual demands on processing sequential symbol strings separated by spaces between music notation and English sentence reading. Chinese–English bilingual musicians and non-musicians read legal, semantically incorrect, and syntactically (and semantically) incorrect sentences in both English and Chinese. In English reading, musicians showed more dispersed eye movement patterns in reading syntactically incorrect sentences than legal sentences, whereas non-musicians did not. This effect was not observed in Chinese reading. Musicians also had shorter saccade lengths when viewing syntactically incorrect than correct musical notations and sentences in an unfamiliar alphabetic language (Tibetan), whereas non-musicians did not. Thus, musicians’ eye movement planning was disturbed by syntactic violations in both music and English reading but not in Chinese reading, and this effect was generalized to an unfamiliar alphabetic language. These results suggested that music reading experience may modulate perceptual processes in reading differentially in bilinguals’ two languages, depending on their processing similarities.
Identification of hub pathways and drug candidates in gastric cancer through systems biology
Authors: Salarikia Seyed Reza , Kashkooli Mohammad , Taghipour Mohammad Javad , Malekpour Mahdi , Negahdaripour Manica 
Published: June 2022

AbstractGastric cancer is the fourth cause of cancer death globally, and gastric adenocarcinoma is its most common type. Efforts for the treatment of gastric cancer have increased its median survival rate by only seven months. Due to the relatively low response of gastric cancer to surgery and adjuvant therapy, as well as the complex role of risk factors in its incidences, such as protein-pomp inhibitors (PPIs) and viral and bacterial infections, we aimed to study the pathological pathways involved in gastric cancer development and investigate possible medications by systems biology and bioinformatics tools. In this study, the protein–protein interaction network was analyzed based on microarray data, and possible effective compounds were discovered. Non-coding RNA versus coding RNA interaction network and gene-disease network were also reconstructed to better understand the underlying mechanisms. It was found that compounds such as amiloride, imatinib, omeprazole, troglitazone, pantoprazole, and fostamatinib might be effective in gastric cancer treatment. In a gene-disease network, it was indicated that diseases such as liver carcinoma, breast carcinoma, liver fibrosis, prostate cancer, ovarian carcinoma, and lung cancer were correlated with gastric adenocarcinoma through specific genes, including hgf, mt2a, mmp2, fbn1, col1a1, and col1a2. It was shown that signaling pathways such as cell cycle, cell division, and extracellular matrix organization were overexpressed, while digestion and ion transport pathways were underexpressed. Based on a multilevel systems biology analysis, hub genes in gastric adenocarcinoma showed participation in the pathways such as focal adhesion, platelet activation, gastric acid secretion, HPV infection, and cell cycle. PPIs are hypothesized to have a therapeutic effect on patients with gastric cancer. Fostamatinib seems a potential therapeutic drug in gastric cancer due to its inhibitory effect on two survival genes. However, these findings should be confirmed through experimental investigations.
Phenotypic characterization and analysis of complete genomes of two distinct strains of the proposed species “L. swaminathanii”
Authors: Hudson Lauren K. , Chaggar Harleen K. , Schamp Claire N. , Claxton Michelle L. , Bryan Daniel W. , Peters Tracey L. , Song Yaxiong , Carlin Catharine R. , den Bakker Henk C. , Denes Thomas G. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractRecently, a newListeriaspecies, “Listeria swaminathanii”, was proposed. Here, we phenotypically and genotypically characterize two additional strains that were previously obtained from soil samples and compare the results to the type strain. Complete genomes for both strains were assembled from hybrid Illumina and Nanopore sequencing reads and annotated. Further genomic analysis including average nucleotide identity (ANI) and detection of mobile genetic elements and genes of interest (e.g., virulence-associated) were conducted. The strains showed 98.7–98.8% ANI with the type strain. The UTK C1-0015 genome contained a partial monocin locus and a plasmid, while the UTK C1-0024 genome contained a full monocin locus and a prophage. Phenotypic characterization consistent with those performed on the proposed type strain was conducted to assess consistency of phenotypes across a greater diversity of the proposed species (n = 3 instead of n = 1). Only a few findings were notably different from those of the type strain, such as catalase activity, glycerol metabolism, starch metabolism, and growth at 41 °C. This study further expands our understanding of this newly proposed sensu strictoListeriaspecies.
Crosslinker-free collagen gelation for corneal regeneration
Authors: Islam Mohammad Mirazul , Chivu Alexandru , AbuSamra Dina B. , Saha Amrita , Chowdhuri Sumit , Pramanik Bapan , Dohlman Claes H. , Das Debapratim , Argüeso Pablo , Rajaiya Jaya , Patra Hirak K. , Chodosh James 
Published: June 2022

AbstractDevelopment of an artificial cornea can potentially fulfil the demand of donor corneas for transplantation as the number of donors is far less than needed to treat corneal blindness. Collagen-based artificial corneas stand out as a regenerative option, having promising clinical outcomes. Collagen crosslinked with chemical crosslinkers which modify the parent functional groups of collagen. However, crosslinkers are usually cytotoxic, so crosslinkers need to be removed from implants completely before application in humans. In addition, crosslinked products are mechanically weak and susceptible to enzymatic degradation. We developed a crosslinker free supramolecular gelation strategy using pyrene conjugated dipeptide amphiphile (PyKC) consisting of lysine and cysteine; in which collagen molecules are intertwined inside the PyKC network without any functional group modification of the collagen. The newly developed collagen implants (Coll-PyKC) are optically transparent and can effectively block UV light, are mechanically and enzymatically stable, and can be sutured. The Coll-PyKC implants support the growth and function of all corneal cells, trigger anti-inflammatory differentiation while suppressing the pro-inflammatory differentiation of human monocytes. Coll-PyKC implants can restrict human adenovirus propagation. Therefore, this crosslinker-free strategy can be used for the repair, healing, and regeneration of the cornea, and potentially other damaged organs of the body.
Leaf transcriptome profiling of contrasting sugarcane genotypes for drought tolerance under field conditions
Authors: Contiliani Danyel Fernandes , de Oliveira Nebó João Felipe Carlos , Ribeiro Rafael Vasconcelos , Andrade Larissa Mara , Peixoto Júnior Rafael Fávero , Lembke Carolina Gimiliani , Machado Ricardo Silverio , Silva Daniel Nunes , Belloti Mariana , de Souza Gláucia Mendes , Perecin Dilermando , Pereira Tiago Campos , de Matos Pires Regina Célia , Fontoura Patrícia Rezende , Landell Marcos G. A. , Figueira Antonio , Creste Silvana 
Published: June 2022

AbstractDrought is the most detrimental abiotic stress to sugarcane production. Nevertheless, transcriptomic analyses remain scarce for field-grown plants. Here we performed comparative transcriptional profiling of two contrasting sugarcane genotypes, ‘IACSP97-7065’ (drought-sensitive) and ‘IACSP94-2094’ (drought-tolerant) grown in a drought-prone environment. Physiological parameters and expression profiles were analyzed at 42 (May) and 117 (August) days after the last rainfall. The first sampling was done under mild drought (soil water potential of −60 kPa), while the second one was under severe drought (soil water potential of −75 kPa). Microarray analysis revealed a total of 622 differentially expressed genes in both sugarcane genotypes under mild and severe drought stress, uncovering about 250 exclusive transcripts to ‘IACSP94-2094’ involved in oxidoreductase activity, transcriptional regulation, metabolism of amino acids, and translation. Interestingly, the enhanced antioxidant system of ‘IACSP94-2094’ may protect photosystem II from oxidative damage, which partially ensures stable photochemical activity even after 117 days of water shortage. Moreover, the tolerant genotype shows a more extensive set of responsive transcription factors, promoting the fine-tuning of drought-related molecular pathways. These results help elucidate the intrinsic molecular mechanisms of a drought-tolerant sugarcane genotype to cope with ever-changing environments, including prolonged water deficit, and may be useful for plant breeding programs.
The impact of obesity-related raised intracranial pressure in rodents
Authors: Westgate Connar Stanley James , Hagen Snorre Malm , Israelsen Ida Marchen Egerod , Hamann Steffen , Jensen Rigmor Højland , Eftekhari Sajedeh 
Published: June 2022

AbstractElevated intracranial pressure (ICP) is observed in many brain disorders. Obesity has been linked to ICP pathogenesis in disorders such as idiopathic intracranial pressure (IIH). We investigated the effect of diet induced obesity (DIO) on ICP and clinically relevant sequelae. Rats were fed either a control or high fat diet. Following weight gain long term ICP, headache behavior, body composition and retinal outcome were examined. Post-hoc analysis of retinal histology and molecular analysis of choroid plexus and trigeminal ganglion (TG) were performed. DIO rats demonstrated raised ICP by 55% which correlated with the abdominal fat percentage and increased non-respiratory slow waves, suggestive of altered cerebral compliance. Concurrently, DIO rats demonstrated a specific cephalic cutaneous allodynia which negatively correlated with the abdominal fat percentage. This sensitivity was associated with increased expression of headache markers in TG. Additionally, DIO rats had increased retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in vivo associated with raised ICP with a subsequent post-hoc demonstration of neuroretinal degeneration. This study demonstrates for the first time that DIO leads to raised ICP and subsequent clinically relevant symptom development. This novel model of non-traumatic raised ICP could expand the knowledge regarding disorders with elevated ICP such as IIH.
Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework‑8 (ZIF-8) modified titanium alloy for controlled release of drugs for osteoporosis
Authors: Sandomierski Mariusz , Jakubowski Marcel , Ratajczak Maria , Voelkel Adam 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe aim of this work was to prepare a biocompatible implant material that enables the release of drug for osteoporosis—risedronate. To achieve this goal, a titanium implant coated with a biocompatible Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework 8 (ZIF-8) layer was prepared that promotes osseointegration at the bone-implant interface. The modifications of the titanium alloy as well as sorption and desorption processes were confirmed using a variety of methods: SEM, EDS XPS, and FT-IR imaging (to determine surface modification, drug distribution, and risedronate sorption), and UV–Vis spectroscopy (to determine drug sorption and release profile). Both the ZIF-8 layer and the drug are evenly distributed on the surface of the titanium alloy. The obtained ZIF-8 layer did not contain impurities and zinc ions were strongly bounded by ZIF-8 layer. The ZIF-8 layer was stable during drug sorption. The drug was released in small doses for 16 h, which may help patients recover immediately after surgery. This is the first case of using ZIF-8 on the surface of the titanium alloy as carrier that releases the drug under the influence of body fluids directly at the site of the disease. It is an ideal material for implants designed for people suffering from osteoporosis.
Novel sustainable filter for virus filtration and inactivation
Authors: Purwar Tanya , Esquivel-Puentes Helber Antonio , Pulletikurthi Venkatesh , Li Xing , Doosttalab Ali , Nelson Clarice E. , Appiah Rita E. , Blatchley Ernest R. , Castano Victor , Castillo Luciano 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic has caused a multi-scale impact on the world population that started from a nano-scale respiratory virus and led to the shutdown of macro-scale economies. Direct transmission of SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2) and its variants through aerosolized droplets is a major contributor towards increasing cases of this infection. To curb the spread, one of the best engineered solutions is the use of face masks to prevent the passage of infectious saliva micro-droplets from an infected person to a healthy person. The commercially available masks are single use, passive face-piece filters. These become difficult to breathe in during strenuous activities. Also, they need to be disposed regularly due to accumulation of unwanted particulate and pathogens over time. Frequent disposal of these masks is unsustainable for the environment. In this study, we have proposed a novel design for a filter for enhanced virus filtration, better breathability, and virus inactivation over time. The filter is called Hy–Cu named after its (Hy) drophobic properties and another significant layer comprises of copper (Cu). The breathability (pressure drop across filter) of Hy–Cu is tested and compared with widely used surgical masks and KN95 masks, both experimentally and numerically. The results show that the Hy–Cu filter offers at least 10% less air resistance as compared to commercially available masks. The experimental results on virus filtration and inactivation tests using MS2 bacteriophage (a similar protein structure as SARS-CoV-2) show that the novel filter has 90% filtering efficiency and 99% virus inactivation over a period of 2 h. This makes the Hy–Cu filter reusable and a judicious substitute to the single use masks.
Fink: Early supernovae Ia classification using active learning
Authors: Leoni M. , Ishida E. E. O. , Peloton J. , Möller A. 
Published: June 2022

Context. The Vera C. Rubin Observatory Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST) will produce a continuous stream of alerts made of varying sources in the sky. This data flow will be publicly advertised and distributed to scientists via broker systems such as FINK, whose task is to extract scientific information from the stream. Given the complexity and volume of the data to be generated, LSST is a prime target for machine learning (ML) techniques. One of the most challenging stages of this task is the construction of appropriate training samples which enable learning based on a limited number of spectroscopically confirmed objects.
Aims. We describe how the FINK broker early supernova Ia (SN Ia) classifier optimizes its ML classifications by employing an active learning (AL) strategy. We demonstrate the feasibility of implementing such strategies in the current Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) public alert data stream.
Methods. We compared the performance of two AL strategies: uncertainty sampling and random sampling. Our pipeline consists of three stages: feature extraction, classification, and learning strategy. Starting from an initial sample of ten alerts, including five SNe Ia and five non-Ia, we let the algorithm identify which alert should be added to the training sample. The system was allowed to evolve through 300 iterations.
Results. Our data set consists of 23 840 alerts from ZTF with a confirmed classification via a crossmatch with the SIMBAD database and the Transient Name Server (TNS), 1600 of which were SNe Ia (1021 unique objects). After the learning cycle was completed, the data configuration consisted of 310 alerts for training and 23 530 for testing. Averaging over 100 realizations, the classifier achieved ~89% purity and ~54% efficiency. From 01 November 2020 to 31 October 2021 FINK applied its early SN Ia module to the ZTF stream and communicated promising SN Ia candidates to the TNS. From the 535 spectroscopically classified FINK candidates, 459 (86%) were proven to be SNe Ia.
Conclusions. Our results confirm the effectiveness of AL strategies for guiding the construction of optimal training samples for astronomical classifiers. It demonstrates in real data that the performance of learning algorithms can be highly improved without the need of extra computational resources or overwhelmingly large training samples. This is, to our knowledge, the first application of AL to real alert data.
ALMA imaging of the cold molecular and dusty disk in the type 2 active nucleus of the Circinus galaxy
Authors: Tristram Konrad R. W. , Impellizzeri C. M. Violette , Zhang Zhi-Yu , Villard Eric , Henkel Christian , Viti Serena , Burtscher Leonard , Combes Françoise , García-Burillo Santiago , Martín Sergio , Meisenheimer Klaus , van der Werf Paul P. 
Published: June 2022

Context.The central engines of many active galactic nuclei (AGNs) are thought to be surrounded by warm molecular and dusty material in an axisymmetric geometry, thus explaining part of the observational diversity of active nuclei.Aims.We aim to shed light on the physical properties and kinematics of the molecular material in the nucleus of one of the closest type 2 active galaxies.Methods.To this end, we obtained high angular resolution Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) observations of the nucleus of the Circinus galaxy. The observations map the emission at 350 GHz and 690 GHz with spatial resolutions of ∼3.8 pc and ∼2.2 pc, respectively.Results.The continuum emission traces cold (T ≲ 100 K) dust in a circumnuclear disk with spiral arms on scales of 25 pc, plus a marginally resolved nuclear emission peak. The latter is not extended in polar direction as claimed based on earlier ALMA observations. A significant amount (of the order of 40%) of the 350 GHz emission is not related to dust, but most likely free-free emission instead. We detect CO(3−2) and CO(6−5) as well as HCO+(4−3), HCN(4−3), and CS(4−3). The CO emission is extended, showing a spiral pattern, similar to the extended dust emission. Towards the nucleus, CO is excited to higher transitions and its emission is self-absorbed, leading to an apparent hole in the CO(3−2) but not the CO(6−5) emission. On the other hand, the high gas density tracers HCO+, HCN, and CS show a strong, yet unresolved (≲4 pc) concentration of the emission at the nucleus, pointing at a very small ‘torus’. The kinematics are dominated by rotation and point at a geometrically thin disk down to the resolution limit of our observations. In contrast to several other AGNs, no HCN enhancement is found towards the nucleus.Conclusions.The Circinus nucleus is therefore composed of at least two distinct components: (1) an optically thin, warm outflow of ionised gas containing clouds of dust which are responsible for the polar mid-infrared emission, but not seen at submillimetre wavelengths; and (2) a cold molecular and dusty disk, traced by submillimetre continuum and line emission. The latter is responsible for the bulk of the obscuration of the nucleus. These findings support the most recent radiative transfer calculations of the obscuring structures in AGNs, which find a similar two-component structure.
Desfecho a longo prazo da osteotomia valgizante e fixação com parafuso dinâmico de quadril de ângulo duplo de fratura não consolidada do colo femoral em adultos jovens
Authors: Sharma Anmol , Gupta Sandeep , Kansay Rajeev , Patil Bharath 
Published: June 2022

Resumo
Objetivo Avaliar os resultados a longo prazo da osteotomia intertrocantérica valgizante, fixada com parafuso dinâmico de quadril (DHS, na sigla em inglês) de ângulo duplo, em fraturas não consolidadas do colo femoral em adultos jovens. Este implante permite uma liberdade maior de fixação no plano sagital. Muito poucos estudos avaliaram o desfecho do tratamento a longo prazo da fratura não consolidada do colo femoral.
Métodos Trata-se de um estudo prospectivo de intervenção que incluiu 20 pacientes com fratura não consolidada do colo femoral com idade < 60 anos, sem necrose avascular da cabeça femoral e significativa reabsorção do colo femoral. Foi realizada uma osteotomia em cunha de fechamento lateral logo acima do trocânter menor após a inserção do parafuso tipo Richard no sítio do retardo da consolidação óssea, sendo fixada com uma placa cilíndrica de ângulo duplo de 120°. O resultado foi avaliado com o uso da taxa de consolidação e da escala Harris Hip Score quanto ao desfecho funcional.
Resultados Foi obtida uma redução pós-operatória média de 28,9° do ângulo de Pauwels. Os casos que evoluíram para a consolidação alcançaram 80%, em um período médio de 7,53 meses. A média da escala Harris Hip Score foi de 86,45 no acompanhamento final.
Conclusão A osteotomia intertrocantérica valgizante e a fixação com DHS de ângulo duplo é um método confiável e eficaz para a preservação da cabeça do fêmur, promovendo a consolidação de uma fratura não consolidada do colo femoral em pacientes jovens.