bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Immunohistochemical Study of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor in Sebaceous Carcinoma of the Eyelid: A Potential Therapeutic Target
Authors: Zhang Ping , Tang Lijuan , Gao Huanhuan , Xu Hua , Zhang Wenxin , Lin Jianxian , Chen Shuxia 
Published: January 2022

Purpose:
To investigate the relationship between epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression and clinicopathological characteristics in sebaceous carcinoma (SbC) of the eyelid.

Methods:
Clinical records and microscopic slides of 102 cases of SbC in the eyelid were reviewed. An immunohistochemical antibody for EGFR was employed. Differentiation, pagetoid spread, and mitosis were evaluated.

Results:
Of the 102 patients, 46 (45.1%) cases were male and 56 (54.9%) cases were female (male:female, 1:1.2). The mean age of the patients was 57.32 ± 13.23 years (range, 26–85 years). Fifty-two (51%) cases occurred in the right eye and 50 (49%) cases in the left eye. The stage T1 and stage T2 cases were 71 (69.6%) and 31 (30.4%), respectively. There were 69 (67.6%) cases with pagetoid spread and 33 (32.4%) cases without pagetoid spread. There were 15 (14.7%) well-differentiated cases, 33 (32.4%) moderately differentiated cases, and 54 (52.9%) poorly differentiated cases. There was 1 (1%) case of 0 to 1/ high power field (HPF) mitosis, 46 (45.1%) cases of 2 to 5/HPF mitoses, and 55 (53.9%) cases of >5/HPF mitoses, respectively. The EGFR positivity of SbCs was 97.1% (99 cases) with 2% (2 cases) weak expression, 46.1% (47 cases) moderate expression, and 49% (50 cases) strong expression. While EGFR was weakly positive only in a few conjunctival epithelial cells and basal cells of the sebaceous glands. The EGFR expression of SbCs was related to the clinic T category statistically (P = 0.048) but not related to age, gender, differentiation, nuclear mitosis, and pagetoid spread of these tumors statistically (P > 0.05). And the differentiation of these SbCs was related to the mitosis of these tumors statistically (P < 0.001).

Conclusions:
The EGFR expression of SbCs was related to the tumor stage statistically, which implied that EGFR might be used as a prognostic marker of SbCs. EGFR is expressed in most SbC cases, which implied that it might act in the tumorigenesis mechanisms of SbC and could be a therapeutic target in the treatment of SbC for some metastatic cases.
Unsafe and Unsettling
Authors: Keller Elizabeth , Boch Samantha , Hittle Beverly M. 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT

Background
Stress remains a major occupational hazard among nurses. As the United States maintains the largest correctional system in the world, little is understood regarding the occupational stress of correctional nurses and how that stress impacts their overall health and well-being.

Question Addressed
What are the occupational/environmental stressors and professional burnout factors experienced by correctional nurses?

Review Methods
Guided by Whittemore and Knafl's methodology, an integrative review was conducted using online databases of Scopus, CINAHL, NIOSH-tic, and PubMed in July of 2021 for peer-reviewed articles ever published internationally. Key concepts of “correctional health nursing” and “occupational stress” were used in our search.

Review Results
One hundred fifty-two articles were identified. Eleven articles met eligibility criteria and were included in this review. Three key themes emerged: conflict, fear, and demands.

Discussion

Conflict arose from ethical and relational issues among coworkers, management, and incarcerated patients. Fear stemmed from physical safety concerns and workplace violence, whereas demands involved high workloads paired with a lack of organizational support. Findings revealed evidence on the unique occupational environment of correctional nursing professionals that impacted levels of stress and burnout across all types of correctional settings (e.g., jails and prisons).

Implications
Better assessment and consistent evaluation of the health and well-being of correctional nurses and their correctional nursing environments are needed. Additional resources to reduce stress, along with ensuring policies that mitigate ethical challenges, workplace violence, and bullying, may promote professional and safe workspaces.
Higher Sexually Transmissible Infection Test Yield Among Men Who Have Sex With Men Attending a Community-Based Testing Site Compared With a Clinical Service In Sydney, Australia
Authors: Rees Heulwen , Callander Denton , Goddard Sian Louise , Griggs Elizabeth , Prott Gary , Clifton Brent , Templeton David James 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
From January 2014 to December 2015, the overall yield of sexually transmitted infections testing among asymptomatic MSM was two-fold higher at a community-based versus clinic-based service. Compared with the clinic-based service, yield of chlamydia (9.0% vs 4.9%; P = 0.010), gonorrhea (6.5% vs 3.1%; P < 0.001), and infectious syphilis (0.9% vs 0.1%; P = 0.024) were all higher at the community-based service.
Retrospective Cohort Study of the Incidence and Outcomes of Jarisch-Herxheimer Reactions After Treatment of Infectious Syphilis in Late Pregnancy
Authors: Macumber Stephen , Singh Ameeta E. , Gratrix Jennifer , Robinson Joan L. , Smyczek Petra , Rathjen Lindsay , Sklar Cameron 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Of 39 pregnant women at ≥20 weeks' gestation treated with benzathine penicillin G for infectious syphilis, we identified only 2 mild Jarisch-Herxheimer reactions. There were no immediate fetal sequelae. Data from our study do not support the recommendation for routine admission for the treatment of infectious syphilis in late pregnancy.
Feasibility, Acceptability, and Potential Cost-Effectiveness of a Novel Mobile Phone Intervention to Promote Human Immunodeficiency Virus Testing Within Social Networks in Tanzania
Authors: Ostermann Jan , Njau Bernard , Masaki Martha , Mtuy Tara , Itemba Dafrosa , Hobbie Amy , Yelverton Valerie , Moore Spencer , Yamanis Thespina , Thielman Nathan M. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Among 145 individuals surveyed in Tanzania, 42% indicated willingness to test for human immunodeficiency virus in response to a confidential, phone-based text message. On average, participants were likely to provide contact information for 1.5 members of their social networks, suggesting high feasibility and moderate acceptability of a novel mHealth human immunodeficiency virus testing intervention.
Training Effectiveness and Impact on Safety, Treatment Quality, and Communication in Prehospital Emergency Care: The Prospective Longitudinal Mixed-Methods EPPTC Trial
Authors: Häske David , Beckers Stefan K. , Dieroff Marc , Gliwitzky Bernhard , Hofmann Marzellus , Lefering Rolf , Münzberg Matthias 
Published: January 2022

Background
Emergency training is designed to improve medical care teams’ knowledge, practical skills, and treatment procedures in patient care to increase patient safety. This requires effective training, but the multifactorial effects of training are difficult to measure.

Methods
We assessed the impact of emergency team training on treatment procedures and quality, processes, technical skills, and nontechnical skills in simulated trauma emergencies in a longitudinal analysis, using videos that were recorded before (t
0), immediately after (t
1), and 1 year after the training (t
2). The training was evaluated with the validated PERFECT checklist, which includes 7 scales: primary assessment, secondary assessment, procedures, technical skills, trauma communication, nontechnical skills, and a global performance scale.
The primary end point was the change from before a training intervention (t
0) to 1 year after training (t
2), measured by a metric point score. The second end point was the impact of the intervention from before training to after and from immediately after training to 1 year later.

Results
A total of 146 trainings were evaluated. In simulated traumatological emergencies, training participants showed significantly better treatment capacity after 1 year (t
0: 28.8 ± 5.6 points versus t
2: 59.6 ± 6.6 points, P < 0.001), with greater improvement from t
0 to t
1 (28.8 ± 5.6 points versus 65.1 ± 7.9 points, P < 0.001). The most significant change from t
0 to t
2 was seen in the primary assessment, with a mean change of 11.1 ± 5.1, followed by the scale of the procedure (6.1 ± 3.0) and nontechnical skills (6.0 ± 3.0).

Conclusions
Team trainings with intensive scenario training and short theoretical inputs lead to a significant improvement in simulated care of severely injured patients, especially in identifying and intervening in life-threatening symptoms, processes, and nontechnical skills, even 1 year after the course. Positive, longitudinally positive effects were also in communication and subjective safety of prehospital health care personnel.
Assessing Impact: Implementing an Opioid Prescription Protocol in Otolaryngology
Authors: Thal Arielle G. , Ahmed Sadia , Kim Stanley , Yang Christina J. , Gao Qi , Gangar Mona , Mehta Vikas 
Published: January 2022

Objective
A lack of guidance for pain control after otolaryngology surgery can lead to overprescription of opioids. We implemented a postoperative site-specific opioid prescription protocol and analyzed the impact on opioid prescriptions.

Methods
This is a retrospective cohort study. A postoperative opioid prescription protocol was implemented within our otolaryngology department at a tertiary academic medical center on January 1, 2020. Retrospective chart review was completed for all patients undergoing otolaryngology surgery from November 1, 2019, to February 29, 2020 (2 months before and after initiation of intervention; n = 1070). The primary outcome was change in the amount of opioid prescribed for the preintervention and postintervention cohorts. Unplanned contact related to pain and opioid refills were tracked to assess pain control.

Results
A total of 940 cases were included; adult and pediatric data were analyzed separately. There were 489 pediatric cases, 250 preintervention and 239 postintervention. There was a significant decrease in the amount of opioid prescribed per pediatric patient in the postintervention cohort (2.7 versus 0.32 morphine milligram equivalents, P = 0.02), and 99% of patients were not prescribed opioids at all. There was no significant change in unplanned contact, and no refills were required. There were 451 adult cases, 200 preintervention and 251 postintervention. There was no statistically significant decrease in the amount of opioid prescribed per adult patient (56.8 versus 51.7 morphine milligram equivalents, P = 0.23). There was no significant increase in unplanned contact or refills.

Conclusions
A postoperative opioid prescribing protocol can reduce the amount of opioid prescribed without increasing unplanned contact or opioid refills.
A Deep Learning Approach to Predicting Disease Progression in Multiple Sclerosis Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Storelli Loredana , Azzimonti Matteo , Gueye Mor , Vizzino Carmen , Preziosa Paolo , Tedeschi Gioachino , De Stefano Nicola , Pantano Patrizia , Filippi Massimo , Rocca Maria A. 
Published: January 2022

Objectives
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an important tool for diagnosis and monitoring of disease course in multiple sclerosis (MS). However, its prognostic value for predicting disease worsening is still being debated. The aim of this study was to propose a deep learning algorithm to predict disease worsening at 2 years of follow-up on a multicenter cohort of MS patients collected from the Italian Neuroimaging Network Initiative using baseline MRI, and compare it with 2 expert physicians.

Materials and Methods
For 373 MS patients, baseline T2-weighted and T1-weighted brain MRI scans, as well as baseline and 2-year clinical and cognitive assessments, were collected from the Italian Neuroimaging Network Initiative repository. A deep learning architecture based on convolutional neural networks was implemented to predict: (1) clinical worsening (Expanded Disability Status Scale [EDSS]–based model), (2) cognitive deterioration (Symbol Digit Modalities Test [SDMT]–based model), or (3) both (EDSS + SDMT–based model). The method was tested on an independent data set and compared with the performance of 2 expert physicians.

Results
For the test set, the convolutional neural network model showed high predictive accuracy for clinical (83.3%) and cognitive (67.7%) worsening, although the highest accuracy was reached when training the algorithm using both EDSS and SDMT information (85.7%). Artificial intelligence classification performance exceeded that of 2 expert physicians (70% of accuracy for the human raters).

Conclusions
We developed a robust and accurate model for predicting clinical and cognitive worsening of MS patients after 2 years, based on conventional T2-weighted and T1-weighted brain MRI scans obtained at baseline. This algorithm may be valuable for supporting physicians in their clinical practice for the earlier identification of MS patients at risk of disease worsening.
An Ethical Framework for Conducting Active-Shooter Simulation in the Healthcare Environment
Authors: Ketterer Andrew R. , Austin Andrea L. 
Published: January 2022

Summary Statement
Active shooter events, although rare, are increasing in frequency in the United States, and healthcare settings are not immune to such events. Of the 277 active shooter events that took place in the United States between 2000 and 2019, 15 (4.5%) took place in healthcare facilities. Healthcare workers (HCWs) must be (1) well trained to respond to an active shooter event and (2) trained to respond to active shooter casualties. Educational activities related to active shooter events require a clear focus on goals and objectives, balanced to assure the physical and psychological safety of all participants. This article outlines how the recommendations of the National Association of School Psychologists might be adapted to conduct active shooter drills in the healthcare setting. This approach provides a framework for managing some of the ethical considerations in active shooter simulations.
Assessing Usability of Untethered Head-Mounted Displays for Medical Education
Authors: Bailey Shannon K. T. , Lewis Joanna E. , Ciccone Brendan A. , Friedland Richard L. , Reiner Colleen C. 
Published: January 2022

Introduction
Recent meta-analyses have found immersive technology to be effective for training, yet there is limited research on user experience with head-mounted displays (HMDs) in the medical domain. If emerging immersive displays do not meet usability standards in the context of healthcare simulation, the technology may cause frustration or hinder learning outcomes. This is the first experimental comparison of usability in commercial untethered, “all-in-one” HMDs for healthcare simulation.

Methods
The usability and comfort of three commercial untethered HMDs (Oculus Go, Oculus Quest, and Lenovo Mirage Solo) were tested using a randomized within-person design such that each headset was evaluated by all participants in a random sequence. During the experiment, participants (n = 9) interacted with a simulated healthcare environment in each headset and then responded to usability and comfort surveys.

Results
All of the HMDs were rated as having higher than average usability compared with an industry benchmark scale, the System Usability Scale. Only one of the headsets had a usability rating in the highest range, which was significantly higher than the lowest rated headset (P = 0.047, Cohen d = 0.901). In addition, feelings of discomfort with the headsets were low, and comfort ratings did not differ significantly between headsets (P > 0.05).

Conclusions
Untethered HMDs had acceptable user experience ratings during a healthcare simulation task, but some headsets were rated higher on usability. Because usability is important for learner engagement and training outcomes, educators should confirm that immersive displays meet usability standards before implementation.
Tardive Seizures After Electroconvulsive Therapy
Authors: Warren Nicola , Eyre-Watt Brenton , Pearson Ella , O'Gorman Cullen , Watson Emily , Lie David , Siskind Dan 
Published: January 2022

Objectives
Seizures that occur spontaneously after termination of an electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) seizure are termed tardive seizures. They are thought to be a rare complication of ECT, influenced by risk factors that affect seizure threshold. However, there has been limited review of tardive seizures with modified ECT. We aimed to review the literature to provide clinical guidance for the use of ECT after tardive seizures.

Methods
PubMed, EMBASE, PsycInfo, and CINAHL databases were searched from inception to May 2021 to identify cases of modified ECT, with evidence of a seizure occurring within 7 days of a terminated ECT seizure. Data for demographic, medical, pharmacological, anesthetic, and ECT variables as well as management strategies were collected.

Results
There have been 39 episodes of modified ECT-related tardive seizures published over a period of 40 years. In 97.4% of cases, there was at least 1 identified potential risk factor for seizures, including use of a seizure-lowering medication and/or preexisting neurological injury. Major complications were uncommon (<15% of cases); however, 1 fetal death and 1 subsequent suicide were reported. No case was diagnosed with epilepsy, although around 20% continued on antiepileptic medications. More than half of the included patients were retrialed on ECT, with only 15% developing further tardive seizures.

Conclusions
Seizures that occurred spontaneously after the termination of an ECT seizure are a rare complication of modified ECT. Recommencing ECT after a tardive seizure may occur after review of modifiable seizure risk factors and with consideration of antiepileptic medication and extended post-ECT monitoring.
Historical Highlights on Electroconvulsive Therapy Practice in Iraq
Authors: Younis Maha Sulaiman , Arafat S.M. Yasir 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is an established treatment option for severe psychiatric disorders. Electroconvulsive therapy practice began in Iraq in 1946, primarily to treat patients with schizophrenia. Since then, it has developed and expanded to treat mood disorders and major depression. Initially, both modified and unmodified ECT was administered to patients in Ibn Rushd and Al Rashad mental hospitals in Baghdad. The ongoing political turmoil from 3 wars, economic sanctions, and internal conflicts halted the development of mental health services across the country; ECT provision was not an exception. The practice of unmodified ECT—without general anesthesia—ceased in 2009, after the recommendations of the Royal College of Psychiatrists' Iraq Subcommittee. This closure reduced the availability and accessibility of ECT clinics nationwide because of limited access to general anesthesia. This article explores the nature of ECT services, in the context of Iraq's health care system, sociocultural norms, instability, and international codes of practice. This brief report uses the first author's work experience, few available data, and personal communication to describe the brief history of ECT practice in Iraq. This report is a baseline document for future ECT practice regulation in Iraq.
Virucidal activity and mechanism of action of cetylpyridinium chloride against SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Okamoto Nako , Saito Akatsuki , Okabayashi Tamaki , Komine Akihiko 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectiveSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the pathogen causing the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) global pandemic. Recent studies have shown the importance of the throat and salivary glands as sites of virus replication and transmission. The viral host receptor, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), is broadly enriched in epithelial cells of the salivary glands and oral mucosae. Oral care products containing cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) as a bactericidal ingredient are known to exhibit antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 in vitro. However, the exact mechanism of action remains unknown.MethodsThis study examined the antiviral activity of CPC against SARS-CoV-2 and its inhibitory effect on the interaction between the viral spike (S) protein and ACE2 using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.ResultsCPC (0.05%, 0.1% and 0.3%) effectively inactivated SARS-CoV-2 within the contact times (20 and 60 s) in directions for use of oral care products in vitro. The binding ability of both the S protein and ACE2 were reduced by CPC.ConclusionsOur results suggest that CPC inhibits the interaction between S protein and ACE2, and thus, reduces infectivity of SARS-CoV-2 and suppresses viral adsorption.
Modelling non-local neural information processing in the brain
Authors: Balkenhol Johannes , Händel Barbara , Prada Juan , Bosman Conrado A. , Ehrenreich Hannelore , Grohmann Johannes , Kistowski Jóakim v. , Wojcik Sonja M. , Kounev Samuel , Blum Robert , Dandekar Thomas 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe representation of the surrounding world emerges through integration of sensory information and actions. We present a novel neural model which implements non-local, parallel information processing on a neocolumnar architecture with lateral interconnections. Information is integrated into a holographic wave interference pattern. We compare the simulated in silico pattern with observed in vivo invasive and non-invasive electrophysiological data in human and non-human primates. Our model replicates the modulation of neural high-frequency activity during visual perception showing that phase-locked low and high-frequency oscillations self-organize efficiently and carry high information content. The simulation further models how criticality (high content) of information processing emerges given a sufficiently high number of correlated neurons. Non-local information processing, forming one holographic wave pattern, suggests a platform for emergence of conscious perception.One sentence summarySimulated non-local information processing on a neocolumnar architecture models well multiple electrophysiological observations of brain activity, including high-frequency activity during visual perception in primates.
PPRD: a comprehensive online database for expression analysis of ~45,000 plant public RNA-Seq libraries
Authors: Yu Yiming , Zhang Hong , Long Yanping , Shu Yi , Zhai Jixian 
Published: February 2022

AbstractHigh-throughput RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) has become the most popular technology for profiling gene expression in the last decade due to its low cost and high coverage. As a result, the number of RNA-seq libraries from the plant community has been increasing exponentially in recent years. For major crops, such as maize, rice, soybean, wheat, and cotton, the plant community has collected a total of ~45,000 libraries by 2021. To take full advantage of the bigdata of RNA-seq libraries, an effort to integrate all publicly available libraries via a uniformed processing pipeline and curate them into an easy-to-use searchable database is urgently needed. To address this challenge, here we present a comprehensive web-based platform, Plant Public RNA-seq Database (PPRD, http://ipf.sustech.edu.cn/pub/plantrna/). PPRD consists of a large number of RNA-seq libraries of maize (11,726), rice (19,664), soybean (4,085), wheat (5,816), and cotton (3,483) from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), Sequence Read Archive (SRA), European Nucleotide Archive (ENA), and DNA Data Bank of Japan (DDBJ) databases.