bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Endoscopic retrograde appendicitis therapy versus laparoscopic appendectomy versus open appendectomy for acute appendicitis: a pilot study
Authors: Shen Zhemin , Sun Peilong , Jiang Miao , Zhen Zili , Liu Jingtian , Ye Mu , Huang Weida 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
An increasing number of studies have shown the merits of endoscopic retrograde appendicitis therapy (ERAT) in diagnosing and treating acute uncomplicated appendicitis. However, no related prospective controlled studies have been reported yet. Our aim is to assess the feasibility and safety of ERAT in the treatment of acute uncomplicated appendicitis.

Methods
In this open-label, randomized trial, participants were randomly allocated to the ERAT group, laparoscopic appendectomy (LA) group and open appendectomy (OA) group. The primary outcome was the clinical success rate of the treatment. Intention-to-treat analysis was used in the study.

Results
The study comprised of 99 patients, with 33 participants in each group. The clinical success rate was 87.88% (29/33), 96.97% (32/33) and 100% (33/33) in the ERAT, LA and OA group, respectively. In the ERAT group, 4 patients failed ERAT due to difficult cannulation. In LA group, 1 patient failed because of abdominal adhesion. There were no significant differences among the three treatment groups regarding the clinical success rate (P = 0.123). The median duration of follow-up was 22 months. There were no significant differences (P = 0.693) among the three groups in terms of adverse events and the final crossover rate of ERAT to surgery was 21.21% (7/33).

Conclusion
ERAT can serve as an alternative and efficient method to treat acute uncomplicated appendicitis.
Trial registration The study is registered with the WHO Primary Registry-Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR1900025812).
Higher uric acid serum levels are associated with sarcopenia in west China: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Liu Xiaolei , Chen Xiaoyan , Hu Fengjuan , Xia Xin , Hou Lisha , Zhang Gongchang , Peng Xuchao , Sun Xuelian , Luo Shuyue , Yue Jirong , Dong Birong 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Sarcopenia is the decline in muscle strength and mass attributed to aging. The pathogenesis of sarcopenia may be triggered by oxidative stress and uric acid (UA) has strong antioxidant properties. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between UA and sarcopenia in community-dwelling adults of West China using the baseline data of West China Health and Aging Trend (WCHAT) study.

Design
A cross-sectional study.

Methods
4236 adults aged 50 years or older in communities of west China were enrolled in this study. We applied Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) 2019 criteria to define sarcopenia. Muscle mass was measured using skeletal muscle index (SMI) based on bioimpedance analysis (BIA). Handgrip strength (HGS) and gait speed (GS) were recorded, respectively. Different variables like anthropometry measures, life styles, chronic disease and blood test were collected. General linear model was done to investigate the relationship between UA and HGS/GS/SMI, adjusting age, ethnic groups, sleeping quality, education level, cognitive function, smoking history, drinking history, ADL score, and chronic disease.

Results
Participants were grouped according to UA quartiles by gender. After adjusting for potential confounders, a negative association between serum UA levels and sarcopenia was shown both in men and women. And a significant association between serum UA levels and HGS in women was shown as an inverted J shape. Besides, a positive association between the UA quartiles and SMI was observed, irrespective of gender.

Conclusions
Our results showed that higher uric acid levels were significantly correlated with higher muscle mass and grip strength among Chinese adults aged over 50. Higher UA serum levels might slow down the progression of sarcopenia.
RT-PCR negative COVID-19
Authors: Parmar Heta , Montovano Margaret , Banada Padmapriya , Pentakota Sri Ram , Shiau Stephanie , Ma Zhongjie , Saibire Kaheerman , Chopoorian Abby , O’Shaughnessy Michael , Hirsch Mitchell , Jain Priyanshi , Demirdjian Gaiane , Karagueuzian Magali , Robin Thomas , Salvati Michael , Patel Bhavana , Alland David , Xie Yingda L. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
COVID-19 is a multi-system infection with emerging evidence-based antiviral and anti-inflammatory therapies to improve disease prognosis. However, a subset of patients with COVID-19 signs and symptoms have repeatedly negative RT-PCR tests, leading to treatment hesitancy. We used comparative serology early in the COVID-19 pandemic when background seroprevalence was low to estimate the likelihood of COVID-19 infection among RT-PCR negative patients with clinical signs and/or symptoms compatible with COVID-19.

Methods
Between April and October 2020, we conducted serologic testing of patients with (i) signs and symptoms of COVID-19 who were repeatedly negative by RT-PCR (‘Probables’; N = 20), (ii) signs and symptoms of COVID-19 but with a potential alternative diagnosis (‘Suspects’; N = 15), (iii) no signs and symptoms of COVID-19 (‘Non-suspects’; N = 43), (iv) RT-PCR confirmed COVID-19 patients (N = 40), and (v) pre-pandemic samples (N = 55).

Results
Probables had similar seropositivity and levels of IgG and IgM antibodies as propensity-score matched RT-PCR confirmed COVID-19 patients (60.0% vs 80.0% for IgG, p-value = 0.13; 50.0% vs 72.5% for IgM, p-value = 0.10), but multi-fold higher seropositivity rates than Suspects and matched Non-suspects (60.0% vs 13.3% and 11.6% for IgG; 50.0% vs 0% and 4.7% for IgM respectively; p-values < 0.01). However, Probables were half as likely to receive COVID-19 treatment than the RT-PCR confirmed COVID-19 patients with similar disease severity.

Conclusions
Findings from this study indicate a high likelihood of acute COVID-19 among RT-PCR negative with typical signs/symptoms, but a common omission of COVID-19 therapies among these patients. Clinically diagnosed COVID-19, independent of RT-PCR positivity, thus has a potential vital role in guiding treatment decisions.
Machine-learning based prediction of prognostic risk factors in patients with invasive candidiasis infection and bacterial bloodstream infection: a singled centered retrospective study
Authors: Li Yaling , Wu Yutong , Gao Yali , Niu Xueli , Li Jingyi , Tang Mingsui , Fu Chang , Qi Ruiqun , Song Bing , Chen Hongduo , Gao Xinghua , Yang Ying , Guan Xiuhao 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Invasive candidal infection combined with bacterial bloodstream infection is one of the common nosocomial infections that is also the main cause of morbidity and mortality. The incidence of invasive Candidal infection with bacterial bloodstream infection is increasing year by year worldwide, but data on China is still limited.

Methods
We included 246 hospitalised patients who had invasive candidal infection combined with a bacterial bloodstream infection from January 2013 to January 2018; we collected and analysed the relevant epidemiological information and used machine learning methods to find prognostic factors related to death (training set and test set were randomly allocated at a ratio of 7:3).

Results
Of the 246 patients with invasive candidal infection complicated with a bacterial bloodstream infection, the median age was 63 years (53.25–74), of which 159 (64.6%) were male, 109 (44.3%) were elderly patients (> 65 years), 238 (96.7%) were hospitalised for more than 10 days, 168 (68.3%) were admitted to ICU during hospitalisation, and most patients had records of multiple admissions within 2 years (167/246, 67.9%). The most common blood index was hypoproteinemia (169/246, 68.7%), and the most common inducement was urinary catheter use (210/246, 85.4%). Moreover, the most frequently infected fungi and bacteria were Candida parapsilosis and Acinetobacter baumannii, respectively. The main predictors of death prognosis by machine learning method are serum creatinine level, age, length of stay, stay in ICU during hospitalisation, serum albumin level, C-Reactive protein (CRP), leukocyte count, neutrophil count, Procalcitonin (PCT), and total bilirubin level.

Conclusion
Our results showed that the most common candida and bacteria infections were caused by Candida parapsilosis and Acinetobacter baumannii, respectively. The main predictors of death prognosis are serum creatinine level, age, length of stay, stay in ICU during hospitalisation, serum albumin level, CRP, leukocyte count, neutrophil count, PCT and total bilirubin level.
Different lens power calculation formulas for the prediction of refractive outcome after phacoemulsification with silicone oil removal
Authors: Hou Yanan , Liu Lei , Wang Gang , Xie Junwei , Wang Yi 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Formulas predicting intraocular lens power have not been compared in silicone oil-tamponaded eyes. The study aims to compare six intraocular lens power assessment formulas in silicone oil-tamponaded eyes.

Methods
This prospective study included patients with silicone oil-tamponaded eyes scheduled for silicone oil removal, phacoemulsification, and intraocular lens implantation at Chongqing Aier Eye Hospital (June 2019 to December 2019). Implanted intraocular lens power was used to predict postsurgical spherical equivalence using SRK/T, Holladay 1, Holladay 2, Haigis, Hoffer Q, and Barrett Universal II, and assess those formula’s predictive accuracy with predictive error.

Results
The analysis included 47 eyes in 47 patients (28 and 19 eyes with normal and long axial length, respectively). Postoperative spherical equivalence at 6 months in normal and long axial length eyes was − 0.6 ± 0.96 and − 0.8 ± 1.52 D, respectively. Predictive error values for SRK/T, Holladay 1, Holladay 2, Haigis, and Hoffer Q and Barrett Universal II were − 0.18 ± 0.92, − 0.15 ± 0.88, − 0.06 ± 0.94, − 0.15 ± 0.87, and − 0.05 ± 0.90 D and − 0.06 ± 0.90, respectively, for normal axial length eyes and 0.15 ± 1.16, 0.46 ± 1.17, 0.28 ± 1.11, − 0.04 ± 1.12, 0.49 ± 1.09 D and 0.11 ± 0.99, respectively, for long axial length eyes. For normal axial length eyes, predicted outcomes were similar to actual outcomes for all formulas. For long axial length eyes, predicted outcomes differed significantly from measured postsurgical values for Holladay 1, Holladay 2, and Hoffer Q (P < 0.05) but not SRK/T or Haigis or Barrett Universal II .

Conclusions
The formulas had comparable predictive accuracy in silicone oil-tamponaded eyes with normal axial length, but Haigis or SRK/T or Barrett Universal II may be preferable in long axial length eyes.

Trial registration
ChiCTR1900023215.
Adapting and testing a brief intervention to reduce maternal anxiety during pregnancy (ACORN): report of a feasibility randomized controlled trial
Authors: O’Mahen Heather A. , Ramchandani Paul G. , King Dorothy X. , Lee-Carbon Leonie , Wilkinson Esther L. , Thompson-Booth Chloe , Ericksen Jennifer , Milgrom Jeannette , Dunkley-Bent Jacqueline , Halligan Sarah L. , Fearon Pasco 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
We investigated the acceptability and feasibility of a new brief intervention for maternal prenatal anxiety within maternity services in London and Exeter, UK.

Methods
One hundred fourteen pregnant individuals attending their 12-week scan at a prenatal clinic with elevated symptoms of anxiety (GAD-7 score of ≥7) were randomly assigned to either the ACORN intervention + Treatment as usual (TAU) (n = 57) or to usual care only (n = 57). The ACORN intervention consisted of 3 2-h group sessions, led by a midwife and psychological therapist, for pregnant individuals and their partners. The intervention included psychoeducation about anxiety, strategies for problem-sovling and tolerating uncertainty during pregnancy, including communicating about these with others, and mindfulness exercises.

Results
Engagement rates with ACORN met or exceeded those in primary care services in England. In the intervention arm, 77% (n = 44) of participants attended at least one session, 51% (n = 29) were adherent, defined as attending two or more sessions. Feedback was positive, and participants in the ACORN treatment group demonstrated evidence of a larger drop in their levels of anxiety than the participants in the TAU-only group (Cohen’s d = 0.42).

Conclusion
The ACORN intervention was acceptable to pregnant individuals and their partners and resulted in reductions in anxiety. With further evaluation in a larger-scale trial with child outcomes, there is significant potential for large scale public health benefit.
Pro-inflammatory diet and depressive symptoms in the healthcare setting
Authors: Belliveau Rachel , Horton Sydney , Hereford Courtney , Ridpath Lance , Foster Robert , Boothe Emily 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Depression is a highly prevalent disease affecting more than 350 million people and has recently been associated with low-grade chronic inflammation. The role of diet in the development of a pro-inflammatory state was demonstrated in a recent study that found a high Empirical Dietary Inflammatory Index (EDII) score was associated with increased concentrations of circulating plasma inflammatory markers. It is becoming increasingly clear that diet and depression are linked, but the relationship itself has not been determined with absolute certainty. Pharmacologic and device assisted therapies are considered our most advanced treatments for major depressive disorder, though numerous studies suggest that they are not sufficient. Exploring the relationship of a pro-inflammatory diet and depressive symptoms is crucial for a holistic, evidenced-based approach to treating depression.

Methods
Our study investigated this association using the EDII to evaluate the inflammatory potential of diet and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) to score depression among healthcare personnel. Results from 631 participants were collected for analysis using REDCap software.

Results
High PHQ-9 scores and high EDII scores were significantly correlated (F = 18.32, p < 0.0001) even when accounting for gender, psychiatric diagnosis, physical exercise, and spiritual exercise.

Conclusions
Our findings suggest that anti-inflammatory diets can play a key role in the treatment of depression.
Acute and chronic mesenteric ischemia: single center analysis of open, endovascular, and hybrid surgery
Authors: Rebelo Artur , Mammadov Marat , Partsakhashvili Jumber , Sekulla Carsten , Ronellenfitsch Ulrich , Kleeff Jörg , John Endres , Ukkat Jörg 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
The aim of the study was to analyse the outcome of open surgical, endovascular, and hybrid interventions in the treatment of acute (AMI) and chronic (CMI) mesenteric ischemia.

Methods
Retrospective review of a cohort of mesenteric ischemia patients at a single tertiary referral center from 2015 to 2021. Primary end point was postoperative in-hospital mortality. Secondary end points were the number of bowel resections, duration of the procedure, length of postoperative intensive care treatment, length of hospital stay, revision surgery (number and type), and the nature and severity of postoperative complications according to Dindo-Clavien.

Results
A total of 64 patients, 20 with CMI and 44 with AMI, underwent open, hybrid or endovascular surgery. Bowel resection was performed in 45.5% of the patients with AMI (29.5% small intestine, 2.3% colon and 13.6% both). There was no in-hospital mortality in the CMI cohort as compared to 29.5% in the AMI cohort (p = 0.03), with no differences regarding endovascular and open surgery (29.6 vs 29.4%). Severe postoperative morbidity (Dindo-Clavien ≥ 3) was also significantly more frequent in the AMI group when compared to the CMI group (20 vs 77.3%, p < 0.001). ASA classification and intensive care stay were identified as factors associated with mortality in AMI patients.

Conclusions
Morbidity and in-hospital mortality are low in CMI patients, but substantial in AMI patients. Early diagnosis and open or endovascular treatment may be decisive for the outcome of these patients.
Is hysterosalpingo-foam sonography (HyFoSy) more tolerable in terms of pain and anxiety than hysterosalpingography (HSG)? A prospective real-world setting multicentre study
Authors: Serrano González Lucía , Pérez-Medina Tirso , Bueno Olalla Beatriz , Royuela Ana , De La Cuesta María de los Reyes , Saéz de la Mata David , Domínguez-Franjo Esther , Calles-Sastre Laura , Engels Virginia 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
In 60% of sterile couples a female factor is present, with these being tubal factors in 30–50% of cases. A tubal patency test is also required in women without a male partner undergoing fertility treatment. Thus, an accurate, safe and tolerable technique should be available. The aim of this study is to determine and to compare hysterosalpingo-foam sonography (HyFoSy) and hysterosalpingography (HSG) tolerability in terms of pain and anxiety.

Methods
This is a prospective real-world setting multicentre study conducted in two tertiary hospitals in Madrid. 210 infertile women/women without a male partner looking to get pregnant were recruited; 111 for the HyFoSy group and 99 for the HSG group. Tolerability was measured in terms of anxiety by the State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and pain by the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS).

Results
Median VAS score in HyFoSy group was 2 (P25; P75: 1; 3) versus 5 (4; 8) in HSG group, p < 0.001. The median State-STAI score in the HSG group was 18 points (10; 26) versus 10 (7; 16) in the HyFoSy group (p < 0.001); the median Trait-STAI score in the HSG group was 15 (11; 21) versus 13 (9; 17) in the HyFoSy group (p = 0.044).

Conclusions
HyFoSy shows higher tolerability to both: pain and anxiety. It is related to less pain and less post-test anxiety than HSG.
Women's interdependence after hysterectomy: a qualitative study based on Roy adaptation model
Authors: Goudarzi Fatemeh , Khadivzadeh Talat , Ebadi Abbas , Babazadeh Raheleh 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Hysterectomy is a difficult process that some women encounter that can affect their interdependence, but its impact on women’s Interdependence has received less attention. Therefore, this study aimed to explain women’s Interdependence after hysterectomy.

Methods
This qualitative study was performed using a directed content analysis approach in Mashhad (Iran). Thirty women with a history of hysterectomy were included in the study by purposive sampling method. Data were collected from August 2018 to November 2019 using semi-structured interviews based on the interdependence mod of the Roy adaptation model until data saturation. Data analysis was performed using MAXQDA software and the deductive approach of Elo and Kingas (J Adv Nurs 62(1):107–115, 2008. 10.1111/j.1365-2648.2007.04569.x).

Results
Data analysis led to the production of 537 initial codes from participants’ experiences. By merging and categorizing them, the theme of “increasing interdependence” emerged, which consists of 2 categories: “Evolution independence and interaction with important people in life” and “Reinforced support system”, that include six subcategories.

Conclusion
After hysterectomy, women not only feel a strong need for support from family members, especially their husbands, they are also seeking support from health care providers and their colleagues. Before the hysterectomy, it is recommended that family members be consulted to ensure the emotional support and care of women after the hysterectomy. It can help the adaptation to hysterectomy.
Early innate immune response triggered by the human respiratory syncytial virus and its regulation by ubiquitination/deubiquitination processes
Authors: Martín-Vicente María , Resino Salvador , Martínez Isidoro 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) causes severe lower respiratory tract infections in infants and the elderly. An exuberant inadequate immune response is behind most of the pathology caused by the HRSV. The main targets of HRSV infection are the epithelial cells of the respiratory tract, where the immune response against the virus begins. This early innate immune response consists of the expression of hundreds of pro-inflammatory and anti-viral genes that stimulates subsequent innate and adaptive immunity. The early innate response in infected cells is mediated by intracellular signaling pathways composed of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), adapters, kinases, and transcriptions factors. These pathways are tightly regulated by complex networks of post-translational modifications, including ubiquitination. Numerous ubiquitinases and deubiquitinases make these modifications reversible and highly dynamic. The intricate nature of the signaling pathways and their regulation offers the opportunity for fine-tuning the innate immune response against HRSV to control virus replication and immunopathology.
Age- and muscle-specific reliability of muscle architecture measurements assessed by two-dimensional panoramic ultrasound
Authors: Hagoort Iris , Hortobágyi Tibor , Vuillerme Nicolas , Lamoth Claudine J. C. , Murgia Alessio 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Age-related changes in muscle properties affect daily functioning, therefore a reliable assessment of such properties is required. We examined the effects of age on reliability, muscle quality and interrelation among muscle architecture (MA) parameters of the gastrocnemius medialis (GM), tibialis anterior (TA), and vastus lateralis (VL) muscles.

Methods
Three raters scored ultrasound (US) scans of 12 healthy younger and older adults, on fascicle length (FL), pennation angle (PA) and muscle thickness (MT). Intra- and inter-rater reliability of MA measures in rest and contraction was assessed by intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and standard error of measurements (SEM, SEM%). The relationship between MA parameters was examined using Pearson correlation coefficients. Muscle quality (MQ) was examined using mean pixel intensity.

Results
Reliability was moderate to excellent for TA in both groups (ICCs: 0.64–0.99, SEM% = 1.6–14.8%), and for VL in the younger group (ICCs: 0.67–0.98, SEM% = 2.0–18.3%). VL reliability was poor to excellent in older adults (ICCs: 0.22–0.99, SEM% = 2.7–36.0%). For GM, ICCs were good to excellent (ICCs: 0.76–0.99) in both groups, but GM SEM% were higher in older adults (SEM%Younger = 1.5–10.7%, SEM%Older = 1.6–28.1%). Muscle quality was on average 19.0% lower in older vs. younger adults. In both groups, moderate to strong correlations were found for VL FL and MT (r ≥ 0.54), and TA PA and MT (r ≥ 0.72), while TA FL correlated with MT (r ≥ 0.67) in younger adults only.

Conclusions
In conclusion, age- and muscle-specificities were present in the relationships between MT and PA, and MT and FL at rest. Furthermore, the reliability of MA parameters assessed with 2D panoramic US is acceptable. However, the level of reliability varies with age, muscle and MA measure. In older adults notably, the lowest reliability was observed in the VL muscle. Among the MA parameters, MT appears to be the simplest and most easily reproducible parameter in all muscles and age groups.