bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Donor perspectives on strengthening capacity development for conservation
Authors: Santy Andrea , Loffeld Thirza A.C. , Paterson Stuart , Copsey Jamieson A. , Bakarr Mohamed I. , Rainer Helga , Rehse Eva , Bjorgvinsdottir Steina , Scholfield Katy , Kiragu Mwangi Mike A. , Christen Catherine A. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractGlobal perspectives on the pathways for developing capacity for conservation remain limited. Hindering the robustness of solutions is a dearth of opportunities to foster discussion and dialogue among capacity development practitioners, academics, partners, beneficiaries and donors. Additionally, little is known about donor perspectives on capacity development, and about pathways to developing a more sustainable investment in capacity development for conservation. The 2019 Capacity Building for Conservation Conference in London, UK, provided a unique opportunity to convene more than 150 capacity development practitioners from the global conservation community. The Conference included structured opportunities to hear donor perspectives on strengthening capacity development. Session leaders took detailed notes to document donor perspectives and the discussions around them. A thematic analysis of this empirical evidence resulted in the identification of four key themes with corresponding recommendations, consisting of (1) collaborative design of capacity development initiatives, (2) monitoring and evaluation, (3) longer-term and flexible investments, and (4) building strong relationships between donors and grantees. Given the Convention on Biological Diversity is currently drafting the long-term strategic framework for capacity development post-2020, and global calls to protect significant portions of our land- and seascapes, our recommendations are timely and may inform a way forward.
Biological sex, by-products, and other continuous variables
Authors: Neuhoff John G. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Sex/gender is a continuous variable that researchers frequently treat as dichotomous. This practice can mask continuous underlying adaptive traits and yield spurious dichotomous “sex differences.” As such, many sex differences in self-protection may be evolutionary by-products of underlying adaptations rather than adaptations themselves. Binary analysis of continuous sex/gender is ill-considered science that can contribute to inequality and counterproductive public policy.
An expanded “staying alive” theory (SAT) underplays complexity in Homo sapiens
Authors: Fuentes Agustín 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The target article takes myriad human female patterns and aligns them as a unit emerging from an expanded version of “staying alive” theory (SAT). Females and males do differ, however, to treat the complexity of human response to threats as an explicit, evolved sexually dimorphic package is not reflective of current knowledge regarding health, sex/gender, and behavior in Homo sapiens.
Female advantage in threat avoidance manifests in threat reaction but not threat detection
Authors: March David S. , Gaertner Lowell 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Threat avoidance involves both detection of a threatening stimulus and reaction to it. We demonstrate with empirically validated stimuli (that are threatening, nonthreatening-negative, neutral, or positive) that threat detection is more pronounced among males, whereas threat reactivity is more pronounced among females. Why women are less efficient detectors of threat challenges Benenson et al.'s conceptual analysis.
Women need to stay alive and protect reproductive choice
Authors: McDonald Melissa M. , James Rachel M. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Defense of reproductive choice is an important motivation in women's self-protection psychology for which the “staying alive theory” cannot fully account. Evidence indicates that some elements of women's self-protection psychology function to protect reproductive choice rather than survival, or may be equally well explained by either motivation. Integrating perspectives will result in greater explanatory breadth and precision in theory testing.
Harm or protection? Two-sided consequences of females' susceptible responses to multiple threats
Authors: Lin Jingyuan , Cuijpers Pim , Li Hong , Lei Yi 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The target article presented a plausible argument that females' susceptibility to threats might be self-protection for staying alive, but some evidence requires scrutiny. We need to consider (1) the biases of narrative reviews, (2) subjective life quality, and (3) the shadow side of extreme reactions to threats before concluding that females' threat-based response is a self-protection mechanism that promotes survival.
Reply to Jay on Subjective Consequentialism and Deontic Variance
Authors: Forschler Scott 
Published: July 2022

AbstractChristopher Jay has recently argued that one version of subjective consequentialism is objectionable because it entails ‘arbitrary deontic variance’ in which the permissibility of some action can depend upon an arbitrary, non-moral choice of which possible results of the action to investigate or even reflect upon. This author argues that this deontic variance is actually entirely innocuous, and results from what may be the best subjective strategy for such investigation and reflection in cases involving uncertainty and cognitive limitations.
Remove or redistribute: re-examining the pollution haven hypothesis from ambient regions
Authors: Ma Rong , Shi Xiaojun 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis paper re-examines the pollution haven hypothesis (PHH) by taking environmental regulation in ambient regions as a critical determinant concurrent with own regulation. Exploiting the Two Control Zones policy in China as a quasi-natural experiment, we find that both the curbing effect of the local environmental regulation and the spillover effect of ambient regions affect high-polluting foreign direct investment (FDI) location. Moreover, reallocated FDI results in redistributing instead of reducing pollutant emissions. Our evidence enriched by spatial spillover primarily supports the PHH in the context of China. It suggests a national-wide coordinated environmental policy with a unified goal performs better than separately implementing stringent regulations in highly polluted areas.
An evaluation of adherence to folic acid supplementation in pregnant women during early gestation for the prevention of neural tube defects
Authors: Linnell Anna , Murphy Niamh , Godwin Jon , Cremona Alexandra 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjective:Neural tube defects (NTD) are potentially preventable by periconceptual folic acid supplementation. Women with obesity are at higher risk of NTD, therefore, are recommended a higher dose of 5 mg folic acid to mitigate this risk. The aim of this study was to evaluate maternal practice of folic acid supplementation amongst the antenatal population in relation to maternal obesity status.Design:Prospective observational study.Setting:Women ≤18 weeks’ gestation at their first antenatal appointment attending University Maternity Hospital Limerick (Ireland) were recruited. Maternal height and weight were measured. Obesity was defined at a threshold of ≥30·0 kg/m2 and ≥27·5 kg/m2 when adjusting for ethnicity. A two-part questionnaire captured maternal characteristics and assessed supplementation compliance, commencement and dosage. Fisher’s exact test for independence analysed differences in variables. A P value of <0·05 was considered significant.Participants:A total of 328 women participated over a duration of 6 weeks.Results:Mean gestational age was 12·4 ± 1·4 weeks and mean BMI 26·7 kg/m2 ± 5·2 kg/m2. 23·8 % (n 78) were classified as obese. 96·5 % (n 315) were taking folic acid and 95·7 % (n 314) supplemented daily. 30·2 % (n 99) commenced supplementation 12 weeks prior to conception. Overall, 57·9 % (n 190) of women met folic acid supplementation dose requirements. 89·1 % (n 55) of women with obesity did not. Women with obesity were less likely to meet the higher folic acid supplementation dose requirements (P =< 0·001).Conclusion:Folic acid supplementation practices within this cohort were suboptimal to prevent their risk of NTD. This study showed inadequate compliance of folic acid supplementation, and inadequate dosage for women with obesity. Increased patient education and awareness are needed within the antenatal period of pregnancy to bring folic acid supplementation practices in line with best practice guidelines.
Low Spirits and Immoderate Meditations in Venedikt Erofeev's Moskva-Petushki
Authors: Vaingurt Julia 
Published: July 2022

My article analyzes Venedikt Erofeev's cultivation of weakness via alcoholic intoxication in Moskva-Petushki against the grain of its standard interpretations. The critical consensus holds that the protagonist (and by extension, the author, with whom he shares his name and autobiographical details) is a sober drunk and a holy fool. By contrast, I read the protagonist's failure to reach his destination and his untimely death in a less celebratory light. Intoxication functions as a means of spiritual seclusion, of finding oneself through the process of “falling out” of all social systems. Via this categorical renunciation of any affiliation, the protagonist aims to escape conscription into any acts of cruelty or destruction ranging from historical atrocities to the most quotidian application of force. The protagonist makes a superhuman effort to avoid any form of belonging out of the ethical imperative not to injure, but ends up inflicting harm upon himself and his loved ones anyway. My point here, then, is that the poema does not celebrate the protagonist's attempt to reach salvation via weakness and solitude, but ambivalently explores the aesthetic and ethical possibilities and limits of his choice as well as the feasibility and desirability of such radical freedom.
Political Participation and Engagement in East Germany Through ChileanNueva Canción
Authors: FREEDMAN JESSE 
Published: July 2022

AbstractChilean musical and political themes were an important element of East German life during the socialist presidency of Salvador Allende (1970–1973) and the violent military dictatorship (1973–1990) that overthrew him. The musical movementnueva canción(new song) was critical in mobilising solidarity with Chile around the world. In East Germany, the state-sponsoredSingebewegung(singing movement) and theLiedermacher*innen1(song makers) who were sometimes more openly critical both performed Chilean themes and covers. In addition to promoting solidarity, both groups drew on the musical identity of this group to arouse political participation towards different ends.
Aridity‐Dependent Land Surface Skin Temperature Biases in CMIP5/6
Authors: Wu Wen‐Ying , Yang Zong‐Liang 
Published: July 2022

AbstractLand surface skin temperature, a critical indicator of climate change, connects the water and energy cycles between the land and the atmosphere. Here, we evaluate the simulations of land surface skin temperature from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) and CMIP6 models with satellite‐based datasets and reanalysis. We find systematic cold skin temperature biases over arid regions in CMIP5/CMIP6 simulations. Over arid and semi‐arid regions, latent heat biases drive skin temperature biases by evaporative cooling. Over humid regions, surface downward shortwave and albedo biases are relatively more critical. Spatial patterns of biases remain similar in the latest CMIP6 simulations, suggesting systematic biases in land‐atmosphere interactions. These biases need to be corrected or considered while using models for future projections.
Novel role of COX6c in the regulation of oxidative phosphorylation and diseases
Authors: Wang Changyu , Lv Jianjun , Xue Chengxu , Li Jiawen , Liu Yanqing , Xu Danni , Jiang Yuting , Jiang Shuai , Zhu Minghui , Yang Yang , Zhang Shaofei 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCytochrome c oxidase subunit VIc (COX6c) is one of the most important subunits of the terminal enzyme of the respiratory chain in mitochondria. Numerous studies have demonstrated that COX6c plays a critical role in the regulation of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and energy production. The release of COX6c from the mitochondria may be a hallmark of the intrinsic apoptosis pathway. Moreover, The changes in COX6c expression are widespread in a variety of diseases and can be chosen as a potential biomarker for diagnosis and treatment. In light of its exclusive effects, we present the elaborate roles that COX6c plays in various diseases. In this review, we first introduced basic knowledge regarding COX6c and its functions in the OXPHOS and apoptosis pathways. Subsequently, we described the regulation of COX6c expression and activity in both positive and negative ways. Furthermore, we summarized the elaborate roles that COX6c plays in various diseases, including cardiovascular disease, kidney disease, brain injury, skeletal muscle injury, and tumors. This review highlights recent advances and provides a comprehensive summary of COX6c in the regulation of OXPHOS in multiple diseases and may be helpful for drug design and the prediction, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of diseases.
Enhanced inflammation and suppressed adaptive immunity in COVID-19 with prolonged RNA shedding
Authors: Tang Xiaohua , Sun Rui , Ge Weigang , Mao Tingting , Qian Liujia , Huang Chongquan , Kang Zhouyang , Xiao Qi , Luo Meng , Zhang Qiushi , Li Sainan , Chen Hao , Liu Wei , Wang Bingjie , Li Shufei , Lin Xiaoling , Xu Xueqin , Li Huanzheng , Wu Lianpeng , Dai Jianyi , Gao Huanhuan , Li Lu , Lu Tian , Liang Xiao , Cai Xue , Ruan Guan , Xu Fei , Li Yan , Zhu Yi , Kong Ziqing , Huang Jianping , Guo Tiannan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractLittle is known regarding why a subset of COVID-19 patients exhibited prolonged positivity of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Here, we found that patients with long viral RNA course (LC) exhibited prolonged high-level IgG antibodies and higher regulatory T (Treg) cell counts compared to those with short viral RNA course (SC) in terms of viral load. Longitudinal proteomics and metabolomics analyses of the patient sera uncovered that prolonged viral RNA shedding was associated with inhibition of the liver X receptor/retinoid X receptor (LXR/RXR) pathway, substantial suppression of diverse metabolites, activation of the complement system, suppressed cell migration, and enhanced viral replication. Furthermore, a ten-molecule learning model was established which could potentially predict viral RNA shedding period. In summary, this study uncovered enhanced inflammation and suppressed adaptive immunity in COVID-19 patients with prolonged viral RNA shedding, and proposed a multi-omic classifier for viral RNA shedding prediction.
Genome-wide bidirectional CRISPR screens identify mucins as host factors modulating SARS-CoV-2 infection
Authors: Biering Scott B. , Sarnik Sylvia A. , Wang Eleanor , Zengel James R. , Leist Sarah R. , Schäfer Alexandra , Sathyan Varun , Hawkins Padraig , Okuda Kenichi , Tau Cyrus , Jangid Aditya R. , Duffy Connor V. , Wei Jin , Gilmore Rodney C. , Alfajaro Mia Madel , Strine Madison S. , Nguyenla Xammy , Van Dis Erik , Catamura Carmelle , Yamashiro Livia H. , Belk Julia A. , Begeman Adam , Stark Jessica C. , Shon D. Judy , Fox Douglas M. , Ezzatpour Shahrzad , Huang Emily , Olegario Nico , Rustagi Arjun , Volmer Allison S. , Livraghi-Butrico Alessandra , Wehri Eddie , Behringer Richard R. , Cheon Dong-Joo , Schaletzky Julia , Aguilar Hector C. , Puschnik Andreas S. , Button Brian , Pinsky Benjamin A. , Blish Catherine A. , Baric Ralph S. , O’Neal Wanda K. , Bertozzi Carolyn R. , Wilen Craig B. , Boucher Richard C. , Carette Jan E. , Stanley Sarah A. , Harris Eva , Konermann Silvana , Hsu Patrick D. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes a range of symptoms in infected individuals, from mild respiratory illness to acute respiratory distress syndrome. A systematic understanding of host factors influencing viral infection is critical to elucidate SARS-CoV-2–host interactions and the progression of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Here, we conducted genome-wide CRISPR knockout and activation screens in human lung epithelial cells with endogenous expression of the SARS-CoV-2 entry factorsACE2andTMPRSS2. We uncovered proviral and antiviral factors across highly interconnected host pathways, including clathrin transport, inflammatory signaling, cell-cycle regulation, and transcriptional and epigenetic regulation. We further identified mucins, a family of high molecular weight glycoproteins, as a prominent viral restriction network that inhibits SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro and in murine models. These mucins also inhibit infection of diverse respiratory viruses. This functional landscape of SARS-CoV-2 host factors provides a physiologically relevant starting point for new host-directed therapeutics and highlights airway mucins as a host defense mechanism.
Symptoms and risk factors for long COVID in non-hospitalized adults
Authors: Subramanian Anuradhaa , Nirantharakumar Krishnarajah , Hughes Sarah , Myles Puja , Williams Tim , Gokhale Krishna M. , Taverner Tom , Chandan Joht Singh , Brown Kirsty , Simms-Williams Nikita , Shah Anoop D. , Singh Megha , Kidy Farah , Okoth Kelvin , Hotham Richard , Bashir Nasir , Cockburn Neil , Lee Siang Ing , Turner Grace M. , Gkoutos Georgios V. , Aiyegbusi Olalekan Lee , McMullan Christel , Denniston Alastair K. , Sapey Elizabeth , Lord Janet M. , Wraith David C. , Leggett Edward , Iles Clare , Marshall Tom , Price Malcolm J. , Marwaha Steven , Davies Elin Haf , Jackson Louise J. , Matthews Karen L. , Camaradou Jenny , Calvert Melanie , Haroon Shamil 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is associated with a range of persistent symptoms impacting everyday functioning, known as post-COVID-19 condition or long COVID. We undertook a retrospective matched cohort study using a UK-based primary care database, Clinical Practice Research Datalink Aurum, to determine symptoms that are associated with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection beyond 12 weeks in non-hospitalized adults and the risk factors associated with developing persistent symptoms. We selected 486,149 adults with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection and 1,944,580 propensity score-matched adults with no recorded evidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Outcomes included 115 individual symptoms, as well as long COVID, defined as a composite outcome of 33 symptoms by the World Health Organization clinical case definition. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) for the outcomes. A total of 62 symptoms were significantly associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection after 12 weeks. The largest aHRs were for anosmia (aHR 6.49, 95% CI 5.02–8.39), hair loss (3.99, 3.63–4.39), sneezing (2.77, 1.40–5.50), ejaculation difficulty (2.63, 1.61–4.28) and reduced libido (2.36, 1.61–3.47). Among the cohort of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2, risk factors for long COVID included female sex, belonging to an ethnic minority, socioeconomic deprivation, smoking, obesity and a wide range of comorbidities. The risk of developing long COVID was also found to be increased along a gradient of decreasing age. SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with a plethora of symptoms that are associated with a range of sociodemographic and clinical risk factors.
In vitro renal calculi destruction by a high-frequency glow discharge plasma
Authors: Belov Sergej V. , Danileyko Yury K. , Pishchalnikov Roman Y. , Gudkov Sergey V. , Egorov Alexej V. , Lukanin Vladimir I. , Sidorov Vladimir A. , Tsvetkov Vladimir B. , Ali Stanislav K. , Kondrashev Sergey V. , Rotanov Evgeny G. , Shakhovskoy Andrei V. , Andreev Stepan N. , Bezrukov Evgeny A. , Glybochko Petr V. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDespite the progress made in the treatment of nephrolithiasis, the existing methods of renal calculi destruction are not ideal and have both advantages and disadvantages. Considering the process of high-frequency glow discharge formation on the surface of an electrode and in an electrolyte solution, we obtained the results on the destruction of renal calculi in vitro. It was shown that the destruction of kidney stones by glow discharge plasma was caused by several processes—the plasma induced effect of hydrated electrons and shock wave effect of the electrolyte stimulated by electrical breakdowns in the plasma. The plasma generation modes were configured by estimating the thickness of the vapor–gas layer in which the plasma burns. Thus, the average rate of contact destruction of renal calculi was measured depending on the plasma generator input power and time of plasma exposure. We conclude that the method of stone fragmentation by high-frequency electrolyte plasma is rather perspective and can be used in endoscopic urology for percutaneous and transurethral lithotripsy.
Ghost-imaging-enhanced noninvasive spectral characterization of stochastic x-ray free-electron-laser pulses
Authors: Li Kai , Laksman Joakim , Mazza Tommaso , Doumy Gilles , Koulentianos Dimitris , Picchiotti Alessandra , Serkez Svitozar , Rohringer Nina , Ilchen Markus , Meyer Michael , Young Linda 
Published: July 2022

AbstractHigh-intensity ultrashort X-ray free-electron laser (XFEL) pulses are revolutionizing the study of fundamental nonlinear x-ray matter interactions and coupled electronic and nuclear dynamics. To fully exploit the potential of this powerful tool for advanced x-ray spectroscopies, a noninvasive spectral characterization of incident stochastic XFEL pulses with high resolution is a key requirement. Here we present a methodology that combines high-acceptance angle-resolved photoelectron time-of-flight spectroscopy and ghost imaging to enhance the quality of spectral characterization of x-ray free-electron laser pulses. Implementation of this noninvasive high-resolution x-ray diagnostic can greatly benefit the ultrafast x-ray spectroscopy community by functioning as a transparent beamsplitter for applications such as transient absorption spectroscopy in averaging mode as well as covariance-based x-ray nonlinear spectroscopies in single-shot mode where the shot-to-shot fluctuations inherent to a self-amplified spontaneous emission (SASE) XFEL pulse are a powerful asset.
Spotting micro‐movements in image sequence by introducing intelligent cubic‐LBP
Authors: Esmaeili Vida , Mohassel Feghhi Mahmood , Shahdi Seyed Omid 
Published: July 2022

AbstractInvisible to naked human eyes, micro‐movements are barely noticeable. There are wide ranges of micro‐movement applications from spotting subtle changes in a volcano, vascular pulse, and blood vessel to micro‐expression detection. In the latter, some evil thoughts can be unveiled, resulting in identifying crooks and lawbreakers and it arises from involuntary subtle and short‐duration of facial muscles movements. Precise spotting of these tiny movements is possible only when multiple aspects of temporal images are scrutinized. Meanwhile, since motions often happen in one or two directions, it is rudimentary to extract complete feature sets in textural‐based approaches such as cubic Local Binary Pattern (cubic‐LBP). Approaches like cubic‐LBP also have imposed an unnecessary computation burden. Hence, in this research, a novel method named intelligent cubic‐LBP is proposed, which incorporates Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) model. This model learns to select the useful plane(s) automatically. Apex is then detected by applying Partial Autocorrelation Coefficient (PACF) on the selected plane(s). The experimental results show significant improvement in micro‐movements identification. The accuracy of the apex frame detection has elevated to 10% and 17% in the Chinese Academy of Sciences Micro‐Expressions (CASME) and the CASME II databases, respectively.