bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictors of treatment failure pain among patients with mine-explosive wounds
Authors: Kuchyn¹ Iurii , Horoshko Vasyl' 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
83.3% of patients after mine-explosive injuries received during hostilities in Ukraine have negative results of pain treatment, which leads to its chronicity. Identifying predictors of negative pain outcomes in these patients may improve their treatment outcomes.
Methods
The treatment of 660 patients was analyzed. The results of the treatment were assessed using the visual analog scale (VAS). Comparison of groups was carried out according to the Mann-Whitney test. The method of constructing univariate and multivariate logistic regression models was used to analyze the relationship between the risks of receiving a negative treatment result and factor characteristics. The quality of the models was assessed by the area under the ROC curve (AUC – Area under the ROC curve). To quantify the degree of influence of the factor characteristic, the odds ratio indicator was calculated.
Results
Predictors of negative results of pain treatment in patients with with mine-explosive wounds are: 1) method of pain treatment (p < 0.001), OR = 0.06 (95% CI 0.04–0.09); 2) high intensity of pain according to the VAS upon admission (p < 0.001), OR = 3.16 (95% CI 2.52–3.98); 3) anesthetic risk according to ASA (p = 0.049) OR = 0.67 (0.45–0.99); 4) set of indicators: method of pain treatment, age of the patient and number of injured anatomical parts of the body AUC = 0.82 (95% CI 0.79–0.85); 5) number of injured anatomical parts of the body (p = 0.015), OR = 1.17 (95% CI 1.03–1.32).
Conclusions
The conducted analysis showed that the method of pain treatment, high intensity of pain upon admission to a medical institution, anesthetic risk according to ASA is associated with a higher risk of receiving negative results of pain treatment in patients with mine-explosive injuries. Favoring the combination of pain management with regional anesthesia, controlling pain during transport to the hospital, and preventing risks related to the severity of the patient's condition can potentially improve outcomes for these patients.
Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov: Retrospectively registered on July 28, 2022 NCT05478655
Association between lipid levels and all-cause and cause-specific mortality in critically ill patients: cohort study on the eICU database
Authors: Li Shan , Zhang Wei , Liu Hongbin 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Extremely low lipid levels are considered a sign of debilitation and illness. The association between lipid levels and the risk of mortality in critically ill patients has not been well investigated. This study was designed to evaluate the association between lipid levels and all-cause and cause-specific mortality in critically ill patients using a large collaborative research database known as the eICU database. In total, 27,316 individuals with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) measurements were analyzed. A J-shaped association was observed between LDL-C, HDL-C, and TC levels and all-cause and noncardiovascular mortality, with low concentrations associated with higher risk. LDL-C, HDL-C and TC levels in the first quintile were associated with higher all-cause and noncardiovascular mortality but not with cardiovascular mortality compared to the reference quintile. There was a marked synergistic effect between low LDL-C combined with low HDL-C on the risk of mortality. Individuals with LDL-C≤95 mg/dL and HDL-C≤27 mg/dL had an increased risk of all-cause mortality (OR 1.77, 95% CI: 1.49-2.11), cardiovascular mortality (OR 1.50, 95% CI: 1.08-2.09) and noncardiovascular mortality (OR 1.98, 95% CI: 1.60-2.44). The results of this observational cohort showed that low LDL-C, HDL-C and TC levels were independently associated with higher all-cause and noncardiovascular mortality in critically ill patients.
Sarcopenia is Associated with Aggressive Clinicopathological Outcomes and is a Poor Prognostic Indicator for Surgically Treated Nonmetastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Makino Tomoyuki , Izumi Kouji , Iwamoto Hiroaki , Kadomoto Suguru , Kadono Yoshifumi , Mizokami Atsushi 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Purpose: We aimed to describe the impact of preoperative sarcopenia on the oncological outcome of nonmetastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) after surgical treatment.
Methods: Data on 299 Japanese patients with nonmetastatic RCC who underwent radical treatment at Kanazawa University Hospital between October 2007 and December 2018 were extracted. Clinicopathological features and survival prognosis of patients stratified by the presence or absence of sarcopenia as indicated by the psoas muscle mass index were retrospectively analyzed.
Results: Of 299 patients, 114 (38.1%) were classified as sarcopenic. The sarcopenia group showed a larger tumor size, worse pathological tumor stage and histological grade, and more frequent micro-/lymphovascular invasion than the nonsarcopenia group. Furthermore, sarcopenia was associated with a shorter overall survival and metastasis-free survival (p = 0.019 and 0.036, respectively). Multivariate analysis identified sarcopenia as a significant and independent predictor of overall survival (hazard ratio, 2.529; p = 0.034).
Conclusion: Sarcopenia is a significant factor indicating worse pathological outcomes and poor survival prognosis in surgically treated nonmetastatic RCC.
Attracting Adolescents to Become Doctors and Nurses: Differential Importance of Personal and Environmental Factors in 61 Economies
Authors: Guo Luyang , Hau Kit-Tai 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Doctors and nurses play a fundamental role in maintaining global health systems and achieving universal healthcare coverage. However, significant shortages persist, and little is known about the popularity of these careers among young people in various economies, nor the relative impact of personal inputs and contextual factors.
Methods
Using the large-scale Programme of International Student Assessment (PISA) 2018, we showed the recent distribution of adolescents’ doctor and nurse career expectations in 61 economies. With multilevel logistic regression and hierarchical linear regression, we examined the relative importance of economic indicators, health work conditions, and personal background factors in shaping adolescents’ health career expectations.
Results
Additional health expenditure (with the impact of gross domestic product [GDP] controlled) and health work environment explained one-third of the variance in adolescents’ doctor and nurse career expectations. In contrast, personal background factors (gender, social status, and academic ability) were less influential. Specifically, work safety was crucial in attracting adolescents to doctor careers in high-GDP economies, while salaries mattered more for nurses in less developed economies.
Conclusions
In government planning, it is critical to increase health expenditure and improve health working conditions to enhance young people’s motivation to pursue doctors and nursing careers. Specifically, high-GDP economies should provide a safer work environment for health workers to attract adolescents to doctor careers, whereas, in less developed economies, offering better salaries is more essential in filling their nursing workforce shortages.
Trial registration
No human participants were involved in this study.
Long COVID prevalence, follow-up and use of resources in Primary Care: a confirmed case series study
Authors: Rogero-Blanco Eloisa , Medina-García Rodrigo , Jerez-Fernández Pablo , Machín-Hamalainen Santiago , Vilà-Torelló Clara , Herranz-López Marta , López-Rodríguez Juan A , group COVID-AP group COVID-AP 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background

SARS-CoV-2 infection may produce symptoms for longer than 4 weeks (long COVID). Its duration, causes and consequences are still not well known. The objective of this study is to estimate the prevalence of long COVID, its signs and symptoms and the use of resources in adult patients in Primary Care (PC).

Methods

Observational, descriptive, retrospective case series study performed in PC. Patients older than 18 years who had a positive polymerase chain reaction test for SARS-CoV-2 from February 29th until April 15th, 2020 were included. Variables related to clinical symptoms and use of resources were registered from 4 weeks after the confirmed COVID-19 case notification, up to 39 weeks.

Results

Mean age of the 267 patients analyzed was 57 years old (16.0 SD) and 55.8% were women. In the acute phase, 61.8% of the patients required hospitalization and 43.8% suffered bilateral pneumonia. Long COVID prevalence found was 45.7% (CI 95% 39.6–51.9), and 53.3% of them had symptoms longer than 12 weeks. Most common symptoms were dyspnea (45.1%, CI 95% 36.1–54.3), asthenia (42.6%, CI 95% 33.7–51.9), cough (24.6%, CI 95% 17.2–33.2), and neuropsychiatric disorders (18%, CI 95% 11.7–26). 98.4% of long COVID patients required contact with PC during follow-up, with an average of 6.7 (5.0 SD) contacts. At least 45.1% had a lab test, 34.4% a chest x-ray and 41.8% required work leave. Factors associated with a higher number of contacts with PC included developing ARDS (IRR 1.7, CI 95% 1.2–2.2), long COVID (IRR 2.9, CI 95% 2.5–3.4), requiring a work leave (IRR 2.4, CI 95% 2.1–2.9), and the need of hospitalization (IRR 1.5, CI 95% 1.2–1.9).

Conclusion

Almost half of the patients of this study developed long COVID, similar to preceding works. Most frequent persistent symptoms were dyspnea, asthenia, and cough.
Use of resources such as lab tests, chest x-rays, work leaves, PC appointments and hospital referrals, was two to six times greater among long COVID patients, in contrast with those who did not develop long COVID. Requiring hospitalization and having a severe disease at onset was associated to a higher number of PC contacts.
Rapid Analysis of Estrogens in Meat Samples by High Performance Liquid Chromatography with Fluorescence Detection
Authors: Yu Shuiqiang , You Jinmao , Lu Zhihao , Wang Yu , Shi Xinxin , Zou Xiaocong , Tan Jiangkun , Sun Zhiwei , Li Zan , Ji Zhongyin , Song Cuihua 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
An novel reagent named 4-(N-methyl-1,3-dioxo-benzoisoquinolin-6-yl-oxy)benzene sulfonyl chloride (MBIOBS-CI) for the determination of estrogens in food samples by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescence detection has been developed. Estrogens could be easily labeled by MBIOBS-Cl in the Na2CO3-NaHCO3 buffer system at pH 10.0. The complete labeling for estrogens could be accomplished within five minutes, the corresponding derivatives exhibited strong fluorescence with the maximum excitation and emission wavelengths at 249nm and 443nm, respectively. The derivatization conditions, such as the molar ratio of reagent to estrogens, derivatization time, pH, temperature and buffers were optimized. Derivatives were sufficiently stable to be efficiently analyzed by HPLC with a reversed-phase Agilent ZORBAX 300SB-C18 column with a good baseline resolution. Excellent linear correlations were obtained for all estrogen derivatives with correlation coefficients greater than 0.9998. Ultrasonic-Assisted extraction was used to optimize the extraction of estrogens from meat samples with a recovery higher than 82%. The detection limits (LOD, S/N=3) of the method ranged from 0.95 to 3.3 μg· kg-1. The established method, which is fast, simple, inexpensive, and environment friendly, is successfully applied for the detection of four steroidal estrogens from meat samples with little matrix interference.
Dynamical variations of the COVID-19 with the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron of Kazakhstan and Pakistan
Authors: Cui Qianqian , Shi Zhengli , Li Shizhu , Yimamaidi Duman , Hu Ben , Zhang Zhuo , Saqib Muhammad , Zohaib Ali , Gulnara Baikadamova , Yersyn Mukhanbetkaliyev , Hu Zengyun 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background The ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic with the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron virus bring a formidable challenge to control and prevention for all the countries, especially for the low development countries. Hence, taking Kazakhstan and Pakistan as examples, this study aims to explore the COVID-19 transmissions with the omicron virus at different contact rates, quarantined rates and test rates.
Methods A disease dynamical model is applied in which the population is divided into different individuals. Three time stages are divided according to the omicron transmission characteristics: first outbreak period, calm period and the second outbreak period. The population contact, population quarantine and disease test are considered with five different scenarios to analysis their impacts on the disease. Four statistical metrics are employed to quantify the model's performance, including the correlation coefficient (CC), normalized absolute error (NAE), normalized root mean square error (RMSE) and distance between indices of simulation and observation (DISO).
Results Our model has high performance in simulating the COVID-19 transmission in the two countries with high CC bigger than 0.9, and the DISO smaller than 0.5. Compared with the present measures (base line), decreasing (increasing) the contact rates or increasing (decreasing) the quarantined rates can reduce (increase) the peak values of daily new cases and forward (delay) the peak value times. The impacts of the test rates on the disease are weak. When the start times of stage II is brought forward 6 days, the daily new cases are more than 8 and 5 times for Kazakhstan and Pakistan. The impacts of the start times of the stage III on the disease are contradict with the stage II.
Conclusions For the two low development countries: Kazakhstan and Pakistan, stronger intensity of control and prevention measures can be more effective on the COVID-19 control. Therefore, to reduce or cut down the omicron transmission, the strict management of the population movement should be employed. Moreover, the timely application of the strategies also plays a key role in the disease control.
Nature’s glass lace: the nanomechanics of diatom silica frustules
Authors: Cvjetinovic Julijana , Luchkin Sergey , Statnik Eugene , Davidovich Nickolai , Somov Pavel , Salimon Aleksey , Korsunsky Alexander , Gorin Dmitry 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Diatoms are single cell microalgae enclosed in silica exoskeletons (frustules) that provide inspiration for advanced hybrid nanostructure designs mimicking multi-scale porosity to achieve outstanding mechanical and optical properties. Interrogating the structure and properties of diatoms down to nanometer scale leads to breakthrough advances reported here in the nanomechanical characterization of Coscinodiscus oculus-iridis diatom pure silica frustules, as well as of air-dried and wet cells with organic content. Static and dynamic mode Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and in-SEM nanoindentation revealed the peculiarities of diatom response with separate contributions from material nanoscale behavior and membrane deformation of the entire valve. The deformation response depends strongly on silica hydration and on the support from the internal organic content. Lessons from Nature’s nanostructuring of diatoms open up pathways to new generations of nano- and microdevices for electronic, electromechanical, photonic, liquid, energy storage, and other applications.
Adapting the Diabetes Prevention Program’s Power to Prevent for implementation: a Formative Research in peri-urban setting of Bamako, Mali
Authors: Doumbia Lancina , Findley Sally , Ba Hamidou Oumar , Maiga Bonkana , Ba Aissata , Doumbia Seydou 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background: Although type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases are on the rise in Africa, there are few African community-level behavior change interventions for reducing diabetes and hypertension risk. We describe the process used to develop a pilot program adapting the evidence-based CDC Diabetes Prevention Program’s Power to Prevent (DPP-P2P) in two low-income urban communities in Bamako, Mali.
Methods: The 12 DPP-P2P group sessions and handouts were converted into culturally appropriate, pictorial presentations including multiple role-plays and demonstrations. Nineteen community health workers and 45 diabetic and hypertensive patients were recruited to give feedback on the sessions delivered in one-month at two community health centers. Changes in activity levels and diet were assessed by pre- and post-tests. Feedback was given after each session, and at the end, by focus groups conducted with both sets of participants. We performed a content analysis of the focus group discussion data and assessed pre and posttest differences in activity and diet using the Chi-square test, using Stata v. 15.1.
Results: Participants were very enthusiastic about the program. They suggested more emphasis on involving the family, verifying the low-cost of healthy eating, and including exercise guides. The level of inactivity (less than 1 weekly) dropped from 35.3% to 12.1% (P=0.026), while engaging in some form of physical activity 3 or more times in the previous week rose from 32.3% to 75.8% (P<0.001). Limitation of fat intake rose from 70.6.3% to 97.0% (P= 0.004).
Conclusion: This pilot study demonstrates the feasibility and high acceptability of adapting the DPP-P2P delivered through community health workers in a low-income periurban setting of Africa . The high attendance to different sessions, adhesion to physical activities encourage for further effectiveness studies of DPP-P2P adaptation.
Approximate Big Graph Partitioning
Authors: Zhang Xin , Li Xiaoguang 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Graph partitioning is a key technique for a wide range of computingtasks over big graph data. A big graph usually needs to be loadedinto clusters and stored as partitions to facilitate graph computa-tion. However, the vertex locality is derived from the global graph instate-of-the-art of partitioning, which suffers from a high time over-head when the graph data exceeds available memory. In this paper,we propose a sample-based approach to partition graphs approximatelyin order to load a big graph into a distributed system efficiently.Firstly, we provide a theoretical bound of error gain of graph parti-tioning and put forward a degree bias sampling method to decreasethe expectation of error gain. Secondly, we propose a two-pass algo-rithm, where a representative graph is sampled and partitioned approx-imately as a partitioning function in memory in the first scan andthe reminder of the graph is allocated streamlessly in the secondscan. In comparisons with a number of previous advanced techniques,our approach can dramatically improve partitioning efficiency with asmall memory and shows better performance of edge-cuts and balance.
Personality traits and the prevalent myocardial infarction – cross-sectional study among population aged 50 years or older in Europe
Authors: Agvall Björn , Jonasson Junmei Miao 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background: Myocardial infarction (MI) is a serious condition that increases with age and is caused by atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. It is of value to identify the reasons why some are affected, and possibly, why different personality traits can be associated with increased or decreased risk for myocardial infarction.
Methods: This is a cross-sectional study based on data collected in 2017 from the European survey wave 7 of Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE). Individuals aged >50 years were included in the study. The big five personality traits, i.e., openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness and neuroticism constituted the main exposure variables and were analyzed separately. The value of each personality trait variable was divided into tertile with higher score indicating a higher level. The primary outcome was MI. The association between each personality trait and MI were examined by Logistic regression models which was used to estimate the Odds Ratios (ORs) and 95% Confidence Intervals (CI).
Results: There were 6336 participants reported having a MI in this study. Neuroticism was significantly associated with the increased OR of 1.16 (95% CI: 1.09 - 1.24) for middle level of neuroticism and 1.39 (95% CI: 1.30 - 1.49) for the high level of neuroticism. Higher level of agreeableness is significantly associated with the decrease odds of MI.
Conclusions: This cross-sectional study is based on a survey of a population aged 50 years and older in Europe. A higher level of neuroticism was associated with the increased odds of MI. A higher level of agreeableness is associated with decreased odds of MI. It has been demonstrated that different personalities are associated with different odds of suffering MI and seems to play a role as a risk factor.
Fruehwald-Koenig, K.1); Heister, L.2): Macro- and Micromechanical Behavior of Oil Palm Wood (Elaeis guineensis JACQ.): Tensile, Compression and Bending Properties
Authors: Fruehwald-Koenig Katja , Heister Lena 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Being monocotyledons, palms show distinct differences in anatomical structure compared to common wood species. Oil palm wood can be seen as a unidirectional long-fiber-reinforced bio-composite, if vascular bundles are considered reinforcements (fibers) and parenchymatous ground tissue the matrix. The elastomechanical properties in bending (fm, Em), compression parallel (fc,0) and perpendicular (fc,90) and tension parallel (ft,0, Et,0) and perpendicular (ft,90) directions to the vascular bundles of small-size test specimen show a much higher exponential increase in density, following power law relationships, than common wood species and a significant gradient over both trunk height and cross section. The rule-of-mixture cannot be confirmed for ft,0and Et,0, because the concentration of vascular bundles, as well as the share of fibers within the bundles, is greater in the periphery of the stem than in the central tissue. Furthermore, the cell wall properties themselves are not constant; cell wall thickening is more pronounced in the peripheral than in the central tissue and more in the bottom of the trunk than near the top. The “fibers” of the composite material are not homogeneous nor regularly spaced, which leads to exponents > 1 of the power law relationship. Different from common wood species, the compression strength of oil palm wood exceeds the tensile strength: fc,0: fm: ft,0are 2.2 : 3.3…1.7 : 1. The performance indices for minimum weight design by Ashby et al. (1995) are comparable to that for coconut and date palm.