bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
NF-kappa B expression in resected specimen of colonic cancer is higher compared to its expression in inflammatory bowel diseases and polyps
Authors: Berkovich Liron , Gerber Mirit , Katzav Aviva , Kidron Debora , Avital Shmuel 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
NF-Kappa B has a significant role in inflammatory processes as well as in colorectal cancer. The aim of this study was to compare the expression of NF-kappa B in colonic adenocarcinoma specimen, colonic adenomas and inflammatory colonic tissues. Patients with colorectal cancer (CRC), colonic adenomas and inflammatory processes undergoing surgery were recruited. Following a routine pathological evaluation tissue samples were stained using anti NF-κB monoclonal antibodies. Expression of NF-κB was quantified using IMAGEJ program for immunohistochemistry staining. Samples were also stained and quantified for CEA expression.Fifty-six patients were included. 30 cancers, 6 polyps and 20 inflammatory processes. Expression of NF-κB was similar between polypoid and inflammation etiologies. However, it was significantly higher in CRC compared to both (p<0.05). In cancer patients, NF-κB expression in the resection margins was correlated with positive node status. CEA expression was higher in the cancer group, less in the IBD group and the lowest in the colonic non diseased margins. Our results provide a supportive evidence that NF-κB pathway is strongly involved in colon cancer development and metastasis. Interestingly, expression of NF-κB in benign polypoid lesions was as high as in inflammatory etiologies. This support the role of NF-κB early in the adenoma to carcinoma sequence. Further research is needed to evaluate the exact role of NF-κB in tumor progression in order to look for diagnostic and therapeutic possibilities.
Exploring heat and cold wave susceptible areas of India using consistency and frequency coupled novel approach
Authors: Sarda Rajesh , Halder Doli , Das Priyanka , Pal Swades 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
A good many studies identified year-specific heat wave (HW) and cold wave (CW) using a percentile approach, the present study tried to identify and grade consecutive two and five days HW and CW spells using consistency and frequency coupled approach using the Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) endorsed gridded data across India since 1961 to 2021. The entire period was split into dry (1961–1990) and wet (1991–2021) phases to explore the long-term average of extreme temperature patterns and HW and CW change. The study revealed that wider parts of north western and central India were prone to statistically significant 30 years, 7 years, and 1-year average extreme temperature hot spot, and J & K and parts of north western India were prone to cold-spot (at 95 and 99% levels). The hot-spot and cold-spot dominated areas were again spotted as highly consistent and high-intensity HW and CW. About 60–65% area of north-western and central India was found consistent HW covering north western and central India. However, frequency and consistency coupled with HW intensity were recognized at five patches of the same area. Rajasthan and Delhi regions were found as the most intense HW zone. The average phase-wise change of HW was not very clear, however, some grids of this region recorded an increasing frequency of HW. CW intensity was increased by 13–26% in the northwestern tract over the phases. HW and CW matrix exhibited the co-existence of high intensity of HW and CW in the Rajasthan and Delhi region indicating high socio-ecological susceptibility. The findings of this study would be instrumental for regional priority planning and building adaptive capacity for combating the situation.
A Non-Repetitive Semantic Approach for Truth Discovery Over the Web
Authors: Sryh Said , AbouTrab Mohammad Saeed 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
As the number of web pages on the internet grows, so do the conflicts between data gathered by search engines from different sources, primarily websites. Search engines require a conflict-resolving system that can quantify the truth of obtained data and assess the reliability of the information offered by sources. This paper presents a non-repetitive semantic approach for resolving data conflicts on search engines by including correctness elements into indexed data and estimating the trustwor-thiness of websites from which data are retrieved. Using the same dataset, our approach is validated in comparison with another approach based on several factors such as execution speed, information veracity efficiency and the error rate of sources’ trust. The approach shows promising results and outperforming the other approach. The execution time to process the dataset is about half an hour for our approach against four hours for the other one. The F1 measure of information truth calculations and the area under the ROC curve are around 88 and 94 percent, respectively. The source trustworthiness error is around 0.09 for our approach where is about 0.17 for the other one.
Functional non-invasive detection of glycolytic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Heid Irina , Münch Corinna , Karakaya Sinan , Lueong Smiths S. , Winkelkotte Alina M. , Liffers Sven T. , Godfrey Laura , Cheung Phyllis FY , Savvatakis Konstatinos , Topping Geoffrey J. , Englert Florian , Kritzner Lukas , Grashei Martin , Tannapfel Andrea , Viebahn Richard , Wolters Heiner , Uhl Waldemar , Vangala Deepak , Smeets Esther M.M. , Aarntzen Erik H.J.G. , Rauh Daniel , Weichert Wilko , Hoheisel Jörg D. , Hahn Stephan A. , Schilling Franz , Braren Rickmer , Trajkovic-Arsic Marija , Siveke Jens T. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC) lacks effective treatment options beyond chemotherapy. Although molecular subtypes such as classical and QM (quasi-mesenchymal)/basal-like with transcriptome-based distinct signatures have been identified, deduced therapeutic strategies and targets remain elusive. Gene expression data show enrichment of glycolytic genes in the more aggressive and therapy resistant QM subtype. However, whether the glycolytic transcripts are translated into functional glycolysis that could further be explored for metabolic targeting in QM subtype is still not known. Methods: We used different patient-derived PDAC model systems (conventional and primary patient derived cells, patient derived xenografts (PDX) and patient FFPE samples) and performed transcriptional and functional metabolic analysis. These included: RNAseq and Illumina HT12 bead array, in vitro Seahorse metabolic flux assays and metabolic drug targeting, and in vivo hyperpolarized [1-13C]pyruvate and [1-13C]lactate magnetic resonance spectroscopy (HP-MRS) in PDAC xenografts. Results: We found that glycolytic metabolic dependencies are not unambiguously functionally exposed in all QM PDACs. Metabolic analysis demonstrated functional metabolic heterogeneity in patient-derived primary cells and less so in conventional cell lines independent of molecular subtype. Importantly, we observed that the glycolytic product lactate is actively imported in the PDAC cells and used in mitochondrial oxidation in both classical and QM PDAC cells, although more actively in the QM cell lines. By using hyperpolarized 13C-magnetic resonance spectroscopy (HP-MRS), we were able to non-invasively identify highly glycolytic PDAC xenografts by detecting the last glycolytic enzymatic step and prominent intra-tumoral [1‑13C]pyruvate and [1-13C]lactate interconversion in vivo.Conclusion: Our study adds functional metabolic phenotyping to transcriptome-based analysis and proposes a functional approach to identify highly glycolytic PDACs as candidates for anti-metabolic therapeutic avenues.
Diagnostic Delay in Adult Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review
Authors: Cross Eleanor , Saunders Benjamin , Farmer Adam D. , Prior James A. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
The extent of diagnostic delay in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is incompletely understood. We aimed to understand the extent of diagnostic delay of IBD in adults and identify associations between patient or healthcare characteristics and length of delay.
Methods
Articles were sourced from EMBASE, Medline and CINAHL from inception to April 2021. Inclusion criteria were adult cohorts (18 ≥ years old) reporting median time-periods between onset of symptoms for Crohn’s disease (CD), ulcerative colitis (UC) or IBD (i.e., CD and UC together) and a final diagnosis (diagnostic delay). Narrative synthesis was used to examine the extent of diagnostic delay and characteristics associated with delay. Sensitivity analysis was applied by the removal of outliers.
Results
Thirty-one articles reporting median diagnostic delay for IBD, CD or UC were included. After sensitivity analysis, the majority of IBD studies (7 of 8) reported a median delay of between 2-5.3 months. From the studies examining median delay in UC, three quarters (11 of 16) reported a delay between 2–6 months. In contrast, three quarters of the studies (17 of 23) including CD samples, reported a delay of between 2–12 months. No characteristic had been examined enough to understand their role in diagnostic delay in these populations.
Conclusions
This systematic review provides robust insight into the extent of diagnostic delay in IBD, particularly in CD, and suggests further intervention is needed to reduce delay. Furthermore, our findings provide a benchmark value range, which such future work can be measured against.
Multiscale spatially explicit modelling of livestock depredation by reintroduced tiger (Panthera tigris) to predict conflict risk probability
Authors: Malviya Manjari , Krishnamurthy Ramesh 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Context: Spatial modelling of human-carnivore conflict has recently gained traction, and predictive maps have become a great tool to understand the distribution of present and future conflict risk. However, very few such studies consider scale and use appropriate spatial modelling tools. Objectives: We aimed to understand the ecological predictors of human-tiger (Panthera tigris) conflict and predict livestock predation risk by reintroduced tigers in Panna Tiger Reserve, Central India. By modelling livestock kill as a function of various tiger relevant ecological variables at multiple scales employing spatially explicit statistical tools. Methods: We used geostatistical modelling to create raster layers of covariates (prey, cover, human activities), following which we did univariate scaling. We then modelled livestock loss by tiger using spatial Generalized Additive Model (geoGAM), predicted and mapped conflict risk probability. Results: We found that prey and shrub cover, both selected at a fine scale, were key ecological determinants of human-tiger conflict. Prey showed an inverse relationship with livestock predation and shrub nonlinear; livestock predation increasing with an increase in shrub cover but decreasing beyond a certain point. Thus, in habitats where optimum ambush cover is available but prey presence is low at fine-scale, carnivores are more likely to depredate domestic livestock since livestock have lost most of their anti-predator behaviours. Conclusions: Livestock kill by tiger is a culmination of predator choice and foraging tactics, and prey vulnerability and defence mechanism. The spatially explicit predation risk map produced in this study can guide adequate human-tiger conflict prevention measures.
Association between serum zinc levels and clinicopathological characteristics in patients with gastric cancer
Authors: Namikawa Tsutomu , Utsunomiya Masato , Yokota Keiichiro , Munekage Masaya , Uemura Sunao , Maeda Hiromichi , Kitagawa Hiroyuki , KOBAYASHI Michiya , Hanazaki Kazuhiro 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Purpose
This study aimed to evaluate the association between clinicopathologic features and serum zinc levels in preoperative patients with gastric cancer.
Methods
The study enrolled 83 patients scheduled for gastric cancer surgery at the Kochi Medical School. Clinical data were obtained to investigate associations between clinicopathological features, including nutritional indicators and serum zinc levels. Serum zinc deficiency was defined as serum zinc level < 80 µg/dL.
Results
The median zinc level of the 83 patients was 73 µg/dL (range, 20–152 µg/dL), and serum zinc deficiency was present in 66.3% of patients. Albumin was significantly lower in the zinc low level group than in the normal group (3.9 g/dL vs. 4.4 g/dL, P < 0.001), and the median serum zinc level was significantly lower in the albumin < 4.1 g/dL group than in the albumin ≥ 4.1 g/dL group (69 µg/dL vs. 82 µg/dL, P < 0.001). Lymphocyte count was significantly lower in the zinc low level group than in the normal group (1500 vs. 1810 years, P = 0.041). The median serum zinc level was significantly lower in the age ≥ 74 group than in the age < 74 (71 µg/dL vs. 76 µg/dL, P = 0.002). Serum zinc levels showed a significant positive correlation with serum albumin (r = 0.637, P = 0.009).
Conclusions
Serum zinc deficiency was found in 66.3% of preoperative patients with gastric cancer, which was highly correlated with serum albumin.
Relationships between acute rejection，hemoglobin levels and BK virus infection among renal transplant recipients in China
Authors: He Qitian , Wu Xiaoning , Li Limin , Qin Weijuan , Liang Zhengyi , Xie Li 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This study aimed to explore the risk factors for BK virus （BKV） infection in renal transplant recipients（RTR） routinely treated with tacrolimus. Among the 93 RTRs enrolled in the study, 42 cases had BKV infections and 51 patients did not have BKV infections. A positive BKV result was detected by polymerase chain reaction （PCR） for the first time after renal transplantation. Eighty-seven healthy individuals and 77 patients undergoing dialysis were randomly included as controls during the study period. A logistic regression model was used to analyse potential variables in order to evaluate factors related to BKV infection in the RTRs. The results of a multivariate regression analysis indicated that a history of acute rejection (OR = 4.157; p = 0.031) and low hemoglobin were risk factors for BKV infection. Compared with the BKV-negative RTRs, the hemoglobin levels in the BKV-positive RTRs were significantly lower. Thus, the results of our study suggest that a history of acute rejection and low hemoglobin are risk factors for BKV infection after renal transplantation.
Potential diagnostic role of salivary miR-let-7a-5p as a biomarker in oral squamous cell carcinoma and oral lichen planus patients: A research article
Authors: Oliaei Saeid Jalili , Mohtasham Nooshin , Aghaee-Bakhtiari Seyed Hamid , Khazaeni Kamran , Farshbaf Alieh , Mozafari Pegah Mosannen , Mohajertehran Farnaz 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma is one of the most common oral lesions that rapid diagnosis is extremely beneficial for conventional treatment. Oral lichen planus is a pre-malignant condition with the transformation potential to oral squamous cell carcinoma. Recently, the microRNAs have been considered as the novel regulator biomarkers for gene expression and early diagnosis of malignant lesions as well as evaluation of the potential for pre-malignant changes in the lesions. So, we evaluated the miR-Let-7a-5p expression in the saliva of patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma, oral lichen planus, and control groups to achieve an early diagnostic marker.Methods:This cross-sectional study was conducted for 15 months at the Dental Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. Fresh salvia was collected from oral lichen planus patients (n = 27), oral squamous cell carcinoma patients (n = 28), and healthy individuals (n = 25). The expression of miR-let-7a-5p was evaluated among the three groups by quantitative polymerase chain reaction.Results:In this study, three groups were quantitatively and qualitatively evaluated for miR-let-7a-5p expression in saliva. The results showed that there was a statistically significant correlation in the mean quantitative and qualitative expression of miR-let-7a-5p among the three groups.Conclusions:The levels of miR-let-7a-5p expression were significantly lower in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma and oral lichen planus compared to healthy controls. The miR-let-7a-5p can be consideredas a biomarker in saliva that we propose to be potentiallyreliable in the diagnosis and prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma and also oral lichen planus transformation.
Tropical infections as occupational diseases among young volunteers in social projects
Authors: Phiri Bruno S. J. , Küpper Thomas , Kölsch Yvonne Amelie 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose: The trend of volunteering overseas has increased tremendously over the last decade. Volunteers often go to regions where they are exposed to tropical infections like malaria, dengue, typhoid fever and schistosomiasis. Health assessments have shown a high occurrence of tropical infections among young volunteers. Such tropical infections are notifiable in Germany, as they are covered by a separate branch of the social insurance system. However, there is still limited data on systematical improvement of medical prevention and health care for volunteers.Methods: This retrospective study included 457 cases with a diagnosis for a tropical infection or typhoid fever from January 2016 to December 2019. Data sets were anonymised and then analysed with descriptive statistics first. Cases of volunteers send abroad by “Weltwärts” were compared to cases of aid workers send to non-industrial countries. Results: A high occurrence of tropical infections as occupational diseases has been shown for volunteers compared to other (mostly older) aid workers being sent to tropical regions. The risk of acquiring a tropical infection was significantly higher in Africa compared to other tropical regions. Significantly, more volunteers were diagnosed with malaria during the period under review. Medical check-ups after travel were rare among volunteers.Conclusions: Data imply a disproportionate risk for malaria in Africa with a higher risk of acquiring falciparum malaria in Sub-Saharan regions. Region-specific risks need to be addressed in training seminars in order to raise awareness among young volunteers before travel. Medical examinations after travel should be mandatory and specific to a particular region.
Environmental Impacts of Cement Production on Surface Water Quality, Vegetation and Workers’ Health
Authors: Agbede Orisunmibare T. , Adeofun Clement O. , Adetunji Michael T. , Taiwo Adewale M. , Arowolo Toyin A. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The present study investigated environmental impacts of cement production on surface water quality and vegetation around the vicinity of the industry. A two-year study was conducted covering both wet and dry seasons. Water samples were collected from Akinbo River where the Cement industry discharges its liquid waste/effluents. Samples were analysed for physical and chemical parameters using standard procedures. The vegetation around the factory was studied for chlorophyll, plant density, basal areas and heights of woody species. The study also assessed the health impacts of cement production activities on the workers and the residents around the factory. The health assessment was based on the hospital information obtained from two clinics in the nearby villages. The water quality results revealed high concentrations of Ca and Fe. All the trees sampled around the study area had small basal areas and short heights. There was also a significant reduction in the chlorophyll contents of vegetations around the cement factory. The health study showed a high incidence of upper respiratory tract infections, cardiovascular diseases, arthritis, and dermatitis among the cement factory workers. The present study suggests an upward review of the dust-suppressing system in use by the industry for the protection of public health.
Evaluation of Mental Health Status in healthcare workers during COVID-19 pandemic in south west of Iran
Authors: Sarvandian Sara , Hosseinpour Shima , Hoseinynejad Khojasteh , irani Reza Davasaz , Pakseresht Sirus , Rahimi Zahra 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
During the COVID-19 pandemic, healthcare workers were exposed to risk of physical and mental health status. The aim of this study was evaluation of Mental Health Status during Covid-19 pandemic in healthcare workers in Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences.
Methods
In total, 2552 healthcare wokers that work in 24 hospitals and 212 Comprehensive health centers were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. All healthcare professional (clinical and none clinical staffs) who had been working in the hospitals and health center of AJUMS during the COVID-19 pandemic were surveyed. The three questionnaires consist of demographic, PHQ9, Kessler Scale were distributed across social media.
Results
The mean age of participants was 37.94 ± 8.07 years and 25.3% of participation was male. There was significant difference between mean score of Kessler and PHQ9 Scale on males and females (P < 0.001). Also the results showed a significant difference between depression, anxiety, and stress and working on intensive care unit. According to result of the Kessler scale 27% of participants had moderate to severe. A majority of the respondents (65.5%) in all professions had moderate to severe mental distress scores according to the Kessler scale. The results of logistic regression model illustrated that the effect of gender, work place, supporting by families and collogues, job satisfaction and feel the stress of media coverage of COVID 19 was significant on depression and anxiety (P < 0.05).
Conclusions
The present study revealed that medical and health worker suffer from great mental health problems. In this study, up to one-fifth of medical staff had stress, anxiety or depression symptoms and more than half of them had psychological distress.
Understanding the effects of site-scale water-sensitive urban design (WSUD) in the urban water cycle: a review
Authors: Meng Xuli 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWith city growth, the development of vacant or under-used land parcels is becoming more common compared to the past. The current ‘water-sensitive urban design (WSUD)’ approach to such development will improve resource efficiency, liveability, and the amenity of cities, especially natural water systems. However, there is a need to quantify the water performance of site-scale WSUD options, especially about how these options impact the ‘natural’ and ‘anthropogenic’ flows in the urban water cycle. This study reviewed research about site-scale applications, summarizing the urban water cycle studies from before development to after development. Key findings (i) include very big margin was quantified by (a) water retention (30–100%) and (b) portable water demand reduction (18–100%) for selected site-scale WSUD options through six research studies; (ii) still unclear about the selected site-scale WSUD options’ interaction performance in the urban water cycle between each water accounts, and (iii) need to clarify the site-scale WSUD option's contribution under specific rainfall scenarios. In summary, this study aims to review the literature on the urban water cycle; review the effects of site-scale WSUD options in the urban water cycle; review the water mass balance and relevant evaluation application, and highlight the opportunities for the future urban water cycle studies.