bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Measurement Error Versus Repeated Measurements: A Guide Describing Two Methods for Computing Bias and Precision of Migration Measurements From Double Examinations Using Radiostereometric Analysis
Authors: Niesen Abigail E. , Hull Maury L. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Radiostereometric analysis is a method to measure implant migration where an ISO standard recommends double examinations (i.e., acquisition of two independent sets of biplanar images on the same day) to compute bias (i.e., mean) and precision (i.e., standard deviation) of differences in repeated migration measurements (termed repeated measurement statistics). However, repeated measurement statistics do not provide information regarding trueness of the measurements. Double examinations also can be used to compute measurement error statistics (i.e., mean and standard deviation of migration measurements relative to trueness). Our objectives were to derive measurement error and repeated measurement population parameters in six degrees of freedom (6DOF) and in maximum total point motion (MTPM), demonstrate quantitative differences by computing measurement error and repeated measurement statistics from a clinical study for an example implant, and demonstrate the importance of determining mean measurement error in MTPM. Three key findings were: (1) in 6DOF, measurement error and repeated measurement statistics were nearly identical; (2) for MTPM, measurement error and repeated measurement statistics had different means of 0.21 mm and 0.00 mm, respectively, but similar standard deviations; and (3) mean measurement error in MTPM is important for drawing conclusions about early implant stability. Because measurement error statistics are the same as repeated measurement statistics in 6DOF but provide additional information in the form of mean measurement error in MTPM, researchers should report measurement error instead of repeated measurement statistics. Furthermore, the ISO standard should be revised to include measurement error statistics.
Robust Control of a Biophysical Model of Burst Suppression
Authors: Ampleman Stephen , Ching ShiNung 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Burst suppression is a phenomenon in which the electroencephalogram (EEG) of a pharmacologically sedated patient alternates between higher frequency and amplitude bursting to lower frequency and amplitude suppression. The level of sedation can be quantified by the burst suppression ratio (BSR), which is defined as the amount of time that an EEG is suppressed over the amount of time measured. Maintaining a stable BSR in patients is an important clinical problem, which has led to an interest in the development of BSR-based closed-loop pharmacological control systems. Methods to address the problem typically involve pharmacokinetic (PK) modeling that describes the dynamics of drug infusion in the body as well as signal processing methods for estimating burst suppression from EEG measurements. In this regard, simulations, physiological modeling, and control design can play a key role in producing a solution. This paper seeks to add to prior work by incorporating a Schnider PK model with the Wilson–Cowan neural mass model to use as a basis for robust control design of biophysical burst suppression dynamics. We add to this framework actuator modeling, real-time burst suppression estimation, and uncertainty modeling in both the patient's physical characteristics and neurological phenomena to form a closed-loop system. Using the Ziegler–Nichols tuning method for proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control, we were able to control this system at multiple BSR set points over a simulation time of 18 h in both nominal, patient varied with noise added and with reduced performance due to BSR bounding when including patient variation and noise as well as neurological uncertainty.
Improved Interfacial Property of Na3V2(PO4)3@C Cathode: Application of NaODFB-Based Ether Electrolyte in Sodium-Ion Batteries
Authors: Wang Jie , Lu Hongli , Zhang Jingjing , Li Shiyou 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Sodium-ion batteries are considered as one of the most promising energy storage technologies that may replace lithium-ion batteries in the future. NaODFB, a new chelated sodium salt with the specific structural, has not been widely concerned by researchers. In this work, the compatibility of different NaODFB-based ether electrolytes in half-cell/full-cell systems with Na3V2(PO4)3 (NVP) cathode materials was compared. The correlation between the electrochemical performance of NVP@C/Na half cells in NaODFB-based ether electrolytes and the composition of the cathode electrolyte interface (CEI) film on the electrode surface was analyzed by electrochemical tests and other characterizations to better understand the important role of NaODFB-based ether electrolytes in the formation of the CEI film on the electrode material surface. This research provides a novel idea for the industrial design of Na-ion battery electrolyte and has significant guidance for the application of NaODFB in Na-ion battery.
P13 Vitamin D preparations: what’s in the bottle?
Authors: Wan Mandy , Patel Anish , Patel Jignesh , Rait Greta , Jones Stuart , Shroff Rukshana 
Published: April 2022

AimThe UK incidence of vitamin D prescribing in children has increased by 26-fold in recent years.1 Public Health England recommends that children over 1 year take a daily vitamin D supplement.2 But the availability of over 200 different vitamin D products can be confusing for parents and clinicians. Our study aimed to assess the usage of licensed and unlicensed vitamin D only (VDO) preparations across primary care in England, and to compare measured and labelled vitamin D content of VDO preparations marketed in England.MethodAnalysis of the vitamin D content of randomly selected VDO preparations using reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography. Retrospective trend analysis of prescription reimbursement data for VDO prescriptions from 2008 to 2018.ResultsLicensed and unlicensed VDO preparations were available in a wide range of dose strengths from 400 to 50,000 IU. The number of licensed VDO preparations increased from 4 to 32 between 2008 and 2018, along with an increase in the proportion of VDO prescriptions fulfilled by licensed preparations. However, prescriptions of unlicensed preparations remained high and accounted for 42% of the prescription items in 2018. The 11 unlicensed preparations analysed had vitamin D concentrations ranging from 41.2 ± 10.6% to 165.3 ± 17.8% of the declared content, with only one meeting the acceptable criteria of 90-125%. The 2 licensed preparations met the required standards. There was no association between the preparation dose strength and the magnitude of percentage difference between measured and labelled contents (r=0.41, p =0.17). Unlicensed liquid preparations in dropper bottles showed the greatest inter-sample variability suggesting there may be a lack of uniformity in drop volume delivered which could lead to dose variability.ConclusionDespite the increasing availability of licensed preparations with assured quality, use of unlicensed preparations to fulfil VDO prescriptions has continued in primary care in England. Unlicensed VDO preparations marketed showed wide variations between measured and declared vitamin D contents. Younger children who are more vulnerable to harm are thus exposed to unnecessary risks of under- and over-supplementation.ReferencesWan M, Horsfall L, Basatemur E, et al. Vitamin D prescribing in children in UK primary care practices: a population-based cohort study. BMJ 2019;9:e031870.Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition. SACN vitamin D and health report 2016. Available at: https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/537616/SACN_Vitamin_D_and_Health_report.pdf
SP8 Pharmacist-led centralised prescribing service for paediatric growth hormone in South Wales
Authors: Burrows Ross 
Published: April 2022

AimTo standardise the supply and monitoring of growth hormone to children across the tertiary paediatric endocrine service and ensure cost-effective prescribing of growth hormone in children.MethodPatients identified by recorded data on the Growth Analyser® database used by the paediatric endocrine team. A pharmacist reviewed the current process and using process mapping identified ways of simplifying the registration process for new starters in different health boards. Patients and families offered to register with new service during the annual tertiary endocrine review clinic, or more urgently if issues identified and raised by the patients/family to the pharmacist. The pharmacist completed registration paperwork and prescribed growth hormone 6 monthly, ensuring appropriate monitoring is conducted before prescribing. All patients transitioned to new service recorded on Excel spreadsheet comparing monthly cost on the previous service, to monthly cost on the current service.Results150 patients identified on growth hormone across 6 health boards prescribed majority via GP with few via homecare at an approximate cost of £800,000 a year. Over 1 year now 90 patients prescribed by the pharmacist based in the paediatric endocrine team and supplied by homecare. Resulting in cost savings of £100,000 a year, an average of £1,700 per patient, with the most significant cost saving of £4,400 a year for one patient. The time taken to start a new patient on growth hormone has reduced from an average of 6 weeks to 2 weeks, due to less burden on GP and shared care agreements. Reduced burden on specialist nurses to complete paperwork, deal with queries and chase prescriptions as managed by the pharmacist. Support to consultants to ensure patients are monitored at least every 6 months as per BSPED recommendations1 and NICE guidance.2ConclusionPharmacist-led prescribing of growth hormone can reduce the burden on consultants, specialist nurses, and GP’s, and standardise the supply and support that patients and their families receive when starting growth hormone. Ensuring patients receive treatment in a timely manner and receive appropriate monitoring regardless of where they live. Supplying growth hormone via homecare is more cost-effective than supplying via primary care. Utilising a pharmacist to oversee this service, identify and approach patients and their families to transition over to the new service can achieve significant cost savings to the NHS, without adding pressure to the specialist team.ReferencesBritish Society for Paediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes (2017). Clinical Standards for GH Treatment in Childhood & Adolescence. Available at: https://www.bsped.org.uk/media/1372/gh-standards-document_nov2017.pdfNational Institute for Health and Care Excellence. (2010). Human growth hormone (somatropin) for the treatment of growth failure in children [NICE TA188].Available at: www.nice.org.uk/guidance/TA188
Estimating stillbirth and neonatal mortality rate among Rohingya refugees in Bangladesh, September 2017 to December 2018: a prospective surveillance
Authors: Amsalu Ribka , Costello Jean , Hasna Zainul , Handzel Endang 
Published: April 2022

IntroductionThere is limited literature on neonatal mortality in humanitarian emergencies. We estimated neonatal mortality and stillbirth rates; determined whether an association exists between proximity to a secondary health facility and neonatal mortality or stillbirth; and tested the correlation between the number of health facilities in a camp and neonatal mortality or stillbirth rates in Rohingya refugee camps in Bangladesh.MethodsWe conducted a prospective community-based mortality surveillance in 29 out of 34 Rohingya refugee camps between September 2017 and December 2018, covering approximately 811 543 Rohingya refugees with 19 477 estimated live births. We linked mortality surveillance data with publicly available information on camp population, number of functional health facilities and camp and health facility geospatial coordinates. Using descriptive statistics and spatial analyses, we estimated the mortality rate and tested for correlations.ResultsOverall, the estimated neonatal mortality rate was 27.0 (95% CI: 22.3 to 31.8) per 1000 live births, and the stillbirth rate was 15.2 (95% CI: 10.8 to 19.6) per 1000 total births. The majority of neonatal deaths (76.3%, n=405/531) and stillbirths (72.1%, n=202/280) occurred at home or in the community. A positive correlation existed between the camp population size and number of health facilities inside the camp (Spearman’s rho=0.56, p value<0.01). No statistically significant correlation existed between the camp neonatal mortality rate or stillbirth rate and number of health facilities inside the camp. Camps that were located closer to a secondary health facility as compared with a labour room/sexual and reproductive health unit had a lower neonatal mortality rate (p value<0.01).ConclusionsThe results provide insight into the neonatal mortality and stillbirth rates in Rohingya refugees camps in Bangladesh during 2017–2018. Prospective community-based mortality surveillance may be a feasible method to evaluate the effectiveness of humanitarian responses in improving neonatal survival and preventing stillbirths.
Learning circles: an adaptive strategy to support food sovereignty among First Nations communities in Canada
Authors: McEachern Louise W. , Yessis Jennifer , Zupko Barbara , Yovanovich Joanne , Valaitis Renata , Hanning Rhona M. 
Published: April 2022

Indigenous communities in Canada are concerned about the health of their youth and the reclamation of traditional food-related skills amongst their people. Food sovereignty has an integral role in food and nutrition security, and the path to Indigenous self-determination. Learning Circles: Local Healthy Food to School (LC:LHF2S) was a community engagement model that aimed to enhance access to local, healthy, and traditional foods for youth. In each of four First Nations communities, a Learning Circle Evaluation Facilitator worked to plan and implement activities, build on community strengths, and promote partnerships. This paper describes how the model was perceived to support food sovereignty. Data included interviews, process reporting, and school surveys, and was analyzed according to pillars effective for the development of food sovereignty in Indigenous communities. Goals set by two communities incorporated food sovereignty principles, and in each community capacity-building work furthered the development of a more autonomous food system. There were many examples of a transition to greater food sovereignty, local food production, and consumption. Indigenous governance was an important theme and was influential in a community’s success. The model appears to be an adaptable strategy to support the development of food sovereignty in First Nations communities.Novelty:LC:LHF2S was a community engagement model that aimed to enhance access to local, healthy, and traditional foods for youth. The model is an adaptable strategy to support the development of food sovereignty in First Nations communities. There were many examples of a transition to greater food sovereignty, local food production, and consumption.
Red snapper (Lutjanus campechanus) abundance on oil and gas platforms based on mark–recapture methods in the northern Gulf of Mexico
Authors: Osowski Ana R. , Szedlmayer Stephen T. 
Published: April 2022

Oil and gas platforms provide reef habitat for many fish species on continental shelves. Red snapper ( Lutjanus campechanus) are an important component of these communities in the Gulf of Mexico, but abundance estimates are difficult to obtain. Hydroacoustic and visual-video surveys have been applied in previous abundance estimates, but such methods have difficulties. To improve abundance and fishing mortality ( F) estimates, mark–recapture methods were applied to red snapper at 22 platforms in the northern Gulf of Mexico from February 2017 through May 2020. Estimates were adjusted for emigration, tagging mortality, natural mortality, fisher nonreporting, and tag retention. Mean ± SE abundance·platform–1 (563 ± 107, range = 109–1407) and F (0.36, range = 0–1.25·platform–1) were not significantly affected by year, location, depth, or distance-from-shore. Based on an estimated 904 platforms, there were 508 952 (900 845 kg) red snapper on platforms. This indicated that red snapper on platforms accounted for only 1.2% of the 2016 Gulf of Mexico red snapper biomass. Thus, required removal of platforms will not significantly affect the red snapper stock in this area.
Soybean is relatively nonresponsive to K fertilizer rate or placement in Manitoba soils
Authors: Bourns Megan A. , Flaten Don N. 
Published: April 2022

There has been little comprehensive potassium (K) fertility research for soybeans in Manitoba despite recent, rapid, expansion of soybean production in the province. Our main objective was to assess the efficacy of K fertilizer rate and placement combinations to increase K uptake and seed yield of soybeans grown on low K soils. Even though the seven sites had low concentrations of ammonium acetate-extractable soil test K (STK), midseason tissue K concentration increases with K fertilization, and, at several sites, visual deficiency symptoms in or near control plots, soybean seed yield did not respond to K fertilization, regardless of K fertilizer placement and rate. In a complementary field trial, barley, a crop known historically to respond well to K fertilization in Manitoba, had substantial (>20%) increases in yield with K fertilization where soybean did not respond. Ammonium acetate STK and the current 100 mg kg−1 threshold for recommending K fertilization for soybean and barley predicted barley yield response to K fertilization in our study, but did not predict soybean yield response.
Revisiting jet clustering algorithms for new Higgs Boson searches in hadronic final states
Authors: Chakraborty A. , Dasmahapatra S. , Day-Hall H. A. , Ford B. G. , Jain S. , Moretti S. , Olaiya E. , Shepherd-Themistocleous C. H. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWe assess the performance of different jet-clustering algorithms, in the presence of different resolution parameters and reconstruction procedures, in resolving fully hadronic final states emerging from the chain decay of the discovered Higgs boson into pairs of new identical Higgs states, the latter in turn decaying into bottom-antibottom quark pairs. We show that, at the large hadron collider (LHC), both the efficiency of selecting the multi-jet final state and the ability to reconstruct from it the masses of the Higgs bosons (potentially) present in an event sample depend strongly on the choice of acceptance cuts, jet-clustering algorithm as well as its settings. Hence, we indicate the optimal choice of the latter for the purpose of establishing such a benchmark Beyond the SM (BSM) signal. We then repeat the exercise for a heavy Higgs boson cascading into two SM-like Higgs states, obtaining similar results.
A New Approach to Reduce Transverse Shear Locking of Reissner–Mindlin Plate Based on The Cell-Centered Finite Element Method
Authors: Ong Thanh Hai , Do Vuong Nguyen Van 
Published: April 2022

This study investigates a new approach to solve a shear locking free on a low-order cell-centered finite element method (FECC) of the Reissner–Mindlin plate. The proposed method pursues the Lagrange piecewise of linear polynomial functions to attain the transverse displacement and rotations on the dual sub-mesh derived from the general one. The suggested theory is employed in numerical computation to verify the effectiveness and accurate performance. Detailed studies are carried out on several mesh types to compare with the analytical solutions reported by the low-order mimetic finite difference method [Beir ao Da Veiga, L., Lovadina, C. and Mora, D. [2013] “Numerical results for mimetic discretization of Reissner–Mindlin plate problems,” Calcolo 50, 209–237] and high-order mixed finite element methods [Chinosi, C. and Lovadina, C. [1995] “Numerical analysis of some mixed finite element methods for Reissner–Mindlin plates,” Comput. Mech. 16, 36–44]. The numerical results indicated that the present scheme based on the low-order FECC approximation can effectively predict on even the distorted meshes, satisfy the optimized convergence and be uniformly stable to the thin plate thicknesses.
MAPK Pathway Genetic Alterations Are Associated with Prolonged Overall Survival in Low-Grade Serous Ovarian Carcinoma
Authors: Manning-Geist Beryl , Gordhandas Sushmita , Liu Ying L. , Zhou Qin , Iasonos Alexia , Da Cruz Paula Arnaud , Mandelker Diana , Long Roche Kara , Zivanovic Oliver , Maio Anna , Kemel Yelena , Chi Dennis S. , O'Cearbhaill Roisin E. , Aghajanian Carol , Weigelt Britta , Chui M. Herman , Grisham Rachel N. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Purpose:
To characterize the somatic mutational landscape, investigate associations between genetic alterations and clinical outcomes, and determine the prevalence of pathogenic germline mutations in low-grade serous ovarian carcinomas (LGSC).

Experimental Design:
Patients with LGSC tumors who underwent panel-based sequencing of up to 505 genes were identified. Data on somatic and germline mutations; copy-number alterations; and clinicopathologic features, including age at diagnosis, platinum sensitivity, and overall survival (OS), were collected.

Results:
Following central pathology rereview, 119 patients with LGSC were identified for analysis. Of these, 110 (92%) had advanced-stage disease (stages III/IV). Somatic KRAS (33%), NRAS (11%), EIF1AX (10%), and BRAF (11%) alterations were the most common; MAPK pathway alterations were found in 60% (n = 71) of LGSCs. KRAS mutations were significantly associated with age at diagnosis more than 50 years (P = 0.02) and platinum-sensitive disease (P = 0.03). On multivariate analysis, MAPK pathway alterations (P = 0.02) and platinum sensitivity (P = 0.005) were significantly associated with improved OS. Seventy-nine patients (66%) underwent germline genetic testing; seven pathogenic germline mutations were identified: MUTYH (n = 2), BAP1 (n = 1), RB1 (n = 1), CHEK2 (n = 1), APC (n = 1), and FANCA (n = 1). There were no germline BRCA1/2 mutations. One germline MUTYH-associated LGSC harbored loss-of-heterozygosity at the MUTYH locus, and the patient with the germline BAP1 mutation also harbored a somatic BAP1 frameshift mutation.

Conclusions:
This study showed that MAPK pathway alterations in LGSC, including KRAS mutations, are independently associated with platinum sensitivity and prolonged survival. Germline data, which were limited, identified few pathogenic germline mutations in patients with LGSC.
See related commentary by Veneziani and Oza, p. 4357