bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Crabgrass as an equine pasture forage: impact of establishment method on yield, nutrient composition, and horse preference
Authors: Weinert-Nelson Jennifer R , Meyer William A , Williams Carey A 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Warm-season grasses (WSG) incorporated into traditional cool-season rotational grazing systems to increase summer yields are typically established in monoculture in separate pasture areas. Few studies have evaluated alternative interseeded establishment of WSG, despite potential benefits for improving biodiversity and land-use efficiency. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of establishment method (monoculture vs. interseeded) on crabgrass pasture forage yield, nutritive value, and preference under equine grazing. Three adult standardbred mares grazed two main plots on two consecutive days (8 hr/d) for three grazing events in 2019: Jul 28/29 (GRAZE 1), Aug 20/30 (GRAZE 2), Oct 1/2 (GRAZE 3). Each main plot contained four replicates of three treatments: mixed cool-season grass (CSG); Quick-N-Big crabgrass (CRB) [Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop.] interseeded into existing cool-season grass (INT), and CRB established as a monoculture (MON). The cool-season grass mix included Inavale orchardgrass [Dactylis glomerata (L.)], Tower tall fescue [Lolium arundinaceum (Schreb.) Darbysh.], and Argyle Kentucky bluegrass [Poa pratensis (L.)]. Herbage mass (HM) and sward height (SH) were measured prior to each grazing event and samples were collected (0800–1000 h) for chemical composition analysis. Observed grazing time (GT) in each sub-plot as determined by 5-min scan sampling was utilized as marker of horse preference. Forage HM was greater in MON (8043 ± 1220 kg/ha) than CSG (5001 ± 1308 kg/ha; P = 0.003), with a trend for greater total HM in MON vs. INT (6582 ± 1220 kg/ha: P = 0.06), but HM did not differ between INT and CSG. The SH was also greatest for MON (28 ± 1.11; INT: 23.6 ± 1.11; CSG: 19.7 ± 1.37 cm; P &lt; 0.003). Forage nutrients (digestible energy and crude protein) were largely similar across treatments and met requirements of horses at maintenance. Horse GT was lower in MON (22.6 ± 3.77 min/sub-plot) than in INT (31.9 ± 3.79 min/sub-plot; P = 0.003) and there was a trend for lower GT in MON vs. CSG (29.9 ± 4.17 min/sub-plot: P = 0.07). These results indicate interseeding CRB would not effectively increase yields of traditional cool-season grass equine rotational grazing systems and would not supply similar levels of summer forage provided by monoculture establishment. Results of this study also suggest horses may prefer cool-season grass pasture forage over warm-season crabgrass.
Exposure to 3,3′,4,4′,5-Pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB126) Causes Widespread DNA Hypomethylation in Adult Zebrafish Testis
Authors: Aluru Neelakanteswar , Engelhardt Jan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractExposure to environmental toxicants during preconception has been shown to affect offspring health and epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation are hypothesized to be involved in adverse outcomes. However, studies addressing the effects of exposure to environmental toxicants during preconception on epigenetic changes in gametes are limited. The objective of this study is to determine the effect of preconceptional exposure to a dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyl (3,3′,4,4′,5-pentachlorobiphenyl [PCB126]) on DNA methylation and gene expression in testis. Adult zebrafish were exposed to 3 and 10 nM PCB126 for 24 h and testis tissue was sampled at 7 days postexposure for histology, DNA methylation, and gene expression profiling. Reduced representation bisulfite sequencing revealed 37 and 92 differentially methylated regions (DMRs) in response to 3 and 10 nM PCB126 exposures, respectively. Among them, 19 DMRs were found to be common between both PCB126 treatment groups. Gene ontology (GO) analysis of DMRs revealed that enrichment of terms such as RNA processing, iron-sulfur cluster assembly, and gluconeogenesis. Gene expression profiling showed differential expression of 40 and 1621 genes in response to 3 and 10 nM PCB126 exposures, respectively. GO analysis of differentially expressed genes revealed enrichment of terms related to xenobiotic metabolism, oxidative stress, and immune function. There is no overlap in the GO terms or individual genes between DNA methylation and RNA sequencing results, but functionally many of the altered pathways have been shown to cause spermatogenic defects.
Food Inflation and Child Health
Authors: Woldemichael Andinet , Kidane Daniel , Shimeles Abebe 
Published: April 2022

AbstractMalnutrition is one of the most important early life shocks that have lasting effects on health. An often neglected cause of malnutrition and hidden hunger is high food inflation, particularly in developing countries. This study uses the Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey data, matching each child's early life age in months from the time of conception with the corresponding local monthly food price data to examine the medium-term and long-term impacts of exposure to food inflation during the critical early life window—pregnancy and infancy—on child health. Exposure to one percentage point higher month-to-month food inflation while in utero increases the risk of under-five stunting by 0.95 percent. The impacts are heterogeneous depending on the month of exposure, highlighting the complicated biological mechanisms through which malnutrition during early life affects human growth. The results are robust to various empircal specifications and potential biases arising from survivor sample selection and age misreporting.
Proximal Femoral Screw Hemiepiphysiodesis in Children With Cerebral Palsy Improves the Radiographic Measures of Hip Subluxation
Authors: Zakrzewski Allyson M. , Carl Jacob R. , McCarthy James J. 
Published: April 2022

Background:
Proximal femoral screw hemiepiphysiodesis (PFSH) is a promising technique for treatment of hip subluxation in children with cerebral palsy (CP). The aim of this study is to report radiographic outcomes of PFSH and to evaluate its role in changing the natural history of hip displacement in children with CP.

Methods:
This is a single center retrospective chart review of children with CP that underwent PFSH with at least 2 years of radiographic follow-up. Demographic information, surgical details, complications, additional surgical procedures, and need for screw exchange were recorded. Radiographs were assessed for migration percentage (MP), neck shaft angle (NSA), head shaft angle (HSA), and articular trochanter distance preoperatively as well as at 6 months, 1 year, 2 year, and latest follow-up postoperatively. Hips were divided into group 1 (no previous hip surgery) and group 2 (PFSH performed after hip reconstruction). Hips with 2 years of preoperative radiographic data were included in the natural history cohort.

Results:
Twenty-three patients (44 hips) met inclusion criteria with an average age of 7.3±1.7 years and a mean follow-up of 33.5 months. Group 1 and group 2 had 32 and 12 hips, respectively. Group 1 had significant improvement in all parameters (ΔMP=5%, ΔNSA=13 degrees, ΔHSA=15 degrees) group 2 showed improvements in NSA and HSA (ΔNSA=4 degrees ΔHSA=8 degrees) with only HSA reaching significance and MP remaining unchanged. All radiographic measurements worsened in the 2 years before surgery (N=25, natural history group) and improved after PFSH. Screw exchange occurred in 12 hips (27.2%) at an average of 33 months (range 27 to 42 mo) with 2 hips also undergoing pelvic osteotomy at that time. Three hips had a MP >50% at follow-up with 2 hips in group 1 undergoing hip reconstruction. No complications were noted.

Conclusion:
PFSH effectively alters proximal femoral growth and can improve hip subluxation in children with CP. Screws often need to be exchanged and hips should be carefully monitored.

Level of Evidence:
Level III—retrospective comparative study.
A Comparison of Generalized and Individualized Vestibular Rehabilitation Therapy in a Military TBI Sample
Authors: Vander Vegt Christina B. , Hill-Pearson Candace A. , Hershaw Jamie N. , Loftin Megan C. , Bobula Selena A. , Souvignier Alicia R. 
Published: April 2022

Objective:
To compare clinical outcomes between active duty service members receiving generalized versus individualized vestibular rehabilitation treatment (GVRT and IVRT, respectively) for persistent vestibular-related symptoms following mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI).

Setting:
An outpatient TBI rehabilitation clinic.

Participants:
Fifty-seven participants with persistent vestibular-related symptoms following mTBI were randomly assigned to the GVRT (n = 28) or IVRT (n = 29) group, stratified by dizziness-related impairment severity. Forty-two participants (n = 21 per group) completed the posttreatment evaluation and were included in analyses.

Design:
We employed a single-site, randomized, pre-/posttest experimental design. The GVRT program consisted of eight 45-minute group-based treatment sessions and IVRT consisted of three 30-minute one-on-one treatment sessions both to be completed within 8 weeks. Group assignment was not blinded to study personnel or participants. Research evaluations were completed approximately 2 weeks prior to treatment initiation and following treatment completion.

Main Measures:
Outcome measures included Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) and Activities-specific Balance Confidence Scale (ABC) total scores, Sensory Organization Test (SOT) composite equilibrium and sensory input ratio scores, Head Shake SOT (HS-SOT) conditions 2 and 5, and horizontal and vertical Dynamic Visual Acuity. Separate mixed-effects models were used to compare clinical outcomes between the GVRT and IVRT groups.

Results:
Both groups demonstrated significant improvement from pre- to posttreatment on self-reported dizziness-related impairment (DHI [F
(1,41) = 16.28, P < .001]) and balance performance with and without head movement (composite equilibrium score [F
(1,41) = 16.58, P < .001, effect size [ES] = 0.43], somatosensory [F
(1,41) = 6.79, P = .013, ES = 0.26], visual [F
(1,41) = 6.49, P = .015, ES = 0.29], vestibular [F
(1,41) = 22.31, P < .001, ES = 0.55], and HS-SOT condition 5 [F
(1,38) = 23.98, P < .001, ES = 0.64]). Treatment effects did not differ between groups on any of the outcome measures.

Conclusions:
We provide preliminary evidence that differences in clinical outcomes do not exist between participants receiving generalized versus individualized VR. Further research is needed to determine comparative effectiveness between these 2 treatment approaches for persistent vestibular-related symptoms following mTBI.
The effect of asynchronous group discussions on nurse practitioner student debriefing experience in virtual simulation
Authors: Casler Kelly , Bobek Heidi , Pittman Oralea , Tornwall Joni 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT
Debriefing facilitates student learning of critical concepts and faculty evaluation of simulation learning outcomes. However, effective practices in debriefing after virtual simulation, including the impact of software-generated performance feedback and asynchronous group debriefing, are not well understood. Student perceptions of two different methods of postsimulation debriefing were explored by comparing software-generated performance feedback only versus software-generated feedback combined with an asynchronous, faculty-facilitated, online discussion based on the 3D Model of Debriefing. The Debriefing Experience Scale was used to evaluate self-reported debriefing experiences in 68 advanced practice nursing students before and after implementation of an online discussion-board debriefing strategy. Students reported an improved debriefing experience when simulation software-generated feedback was combined with asynchronous online discussion compared with automated software-generated feedback alone. Implications for faculty are discussed including lessons learned to support online, asynchronous debriefing experiences, and how to engage students in meaningful discussions that triangulate feedback from the simulation software, peers, and their instructor.
Management of adverse effects associated with pegylated Escherichia coli asparaginase on coagulation in the treatment of patients with NK/T-cell lymphoma
Authors: Yang Jing , Guo Xiangyun , Guo Sutang , Yan Hongxia , Chai Limin , Guo Yimeng , Li Zhenhua , Hao Zhiying , Su Liping 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (NK/TL) is a chemotherapy-sensitive disease, and asparaginase-based chemotherapy has become the standard primary treatment for patients with this malignancy recently. The objective of this study was to evaluate the adverse reactions on blood coagulation of the administered pegylated Escherichia coli (E coli) asparaginase (PEG-ASP) to the NK/TL patients. Clinical data of 71 NK/TL patients (range 13–73 years), who received 239 cycles of chemotherapy treatment containing PEG-ASP in the Hematology Department of Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital of China from January 2016 to December 2019 were analyzed retrospectively. Data of prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), fibrinogen (FBG), and antithrombinIII (ATIII) were obtained at the time points routinely and statistically analyzed. There were statistical differences between the monitored parameters of baseline day0 (the day before use of PEG-ASP, named day0) and those of day3 (the 3rd day after treatment) to day6, and data showed all of the indicators could recover within 21 days. The events included PT prolonged in 33 patients (46.5%), APPT prolonged in 41 patients (57.7%, 20 patients with APTT >60 seconds), FBG decreased in 49 patients (69.0%, 12 patients with FBG <1 g/L), and ATIII decreased in 52 patients (73.2%). The patients’ average number of cycles received was 2.3 for PT (>14 seconds), 2.5 for APTT (>35 seconds), 2.7 for FBG (<2 g/L), and 2.6 for D-dimer (>550 ng/mL). Compared with those at day0, PT and APTT prolonged sharply at day3 (P < .05), reached the peak at day12, maintained the prolonged level from day3 to day15, and gradually recovered at day 21. FBG and ATIII significantly decreased at day6 and day3 respectively (P < .05), both of them fell to the minimum at day12, and then returned the normal. The D-dimer levels were no significantly change during the whole treatment course. The APTT >60 seconds or FBG <1 g/L side effects were improved by symptomatic treatment of supplementation of fresh frozen plasma or cryoprecipitate infusion, no concomitant bleeding or thrombotic events emerging. Our data suggested although chemotherapy including PEG-ASP impacted moderately on the coagulation function of NK/TL patients, clinically monitored regularly were necessary and most NK/TL patients can complete the chemotherapy cycles successfully.
Acupuncture and moxibustion for cancer-related psychological disorders
Authors: Jiang Yan , Liang Dan , He Yadi , Wang Jing , Xu Guixing , Wang Jun 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Introduction:
Cancer-related psychological disorders (CRPD) with high incidence are often underdiagnosed and undertreated. Although, some studies suggested that acupuncture and moxibustion (AM) are effective and safe for CRPD, lacking strong evidence, for instance, the relevant systematic review, meta-analysis, and randomized control trial (RCT) of a large sample, multicenter, makes the effects and safety remain uncertain. The aim of protocol is to evaluating the RCTs of AM for CRPD to verify the association of AM with the improvement of CRPD.

Methods and analysis:
Eight electric databases (4 English databases and 4 Chinese databases) will be searched from inception to Mar. 2022. There will be no restrictions on the category of the language. The RCTs of AM for CRPD unlimited to any type of cancer will be included. Depression and anxiety scores will be the primary outcome indicators. Two researchers will independently complete study selection, evaluate the risk of bias, and extract the data. The RevMan 5.2 software will be used to conduct data synthesis using the random-effects model. The weighted mean differences or standardized mean differences with 95% CIs will be used to present the results of measurement data, and the risk ratios with 95% CIs will be used to express the counting data. Additionally, we will use the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation to assess evidence quality.

Main results:
The results of the meta-analysis will be presented with tables and figures.

Ethics and dissemination:
The results of this meta-analysis and meta-regression will be disseminated via publication in peer-reviewed journals and will be published at relevant conferences. The data to be used will not contain individual patient data; therefore, there is no need to worry about patient privacy.

PROSPERO registration number:
CRD42020177219.
Identification of a novel mutation in CYBB gene in a Chinese neonate with X-linked chronic granulomatous disease
Authors: Zhang Jie , Fan Meili , Chen Mengmeng , Wang Huihui , Miao Na , Yu Haihua , Zhang Lehai , Deng Qianqian , Yi Changying 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Rationale:
X-linked chronic granulomatous disease (X-CGD) is an X-linked recessive disorder of the Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase system that can cause primary immunodeficiency. Mutations in the CYBB gene located in Xp21.1 were accounting for X-CGD disease. More than 600 mutations have been identified as the cause of X-CGD in various populations worldwide.

Patient concerns and diagnosis:
In this study, the proband suffered from elevated white blood cells (WBC, 23.65 × 109/L), mainly in neutral (16.4 × 109/L). The neutrophil oxidative index of the patient was 2.13, which was extremely low, whereas his mother was 69.0 (Ref >100). Next, next-generation sequencing of the primary immunodeficiency diseases -related gene panel was performed. One novel mutation was identified in the CYBB gene in the CGD case: c.55C>G in exon 2. The mutation was verified by Sanger sequencing. The mother of the patient was heterozygous for the c.55C>G mutation, and the father was normal. These mutations were not present in the 100 unrelated normal controls.

Interventions and outcomes:
The patient died from severe and uncontrollable pulmonary infection at 3 months of age.

Lessons:
The identification of these mutations in this study further expands the spectrum of known CYBB gene mutations and contributes to the genetic counseling and prenatal molecular diagnosis of X-CGD.
Cancer and obstructive sleep apnea
Authors: Cao Yuan , Ning Pu , Li Qiao , Wu Shuang 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Objective:
The relationship between cancers and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has been discussed for decades. However, the previous meta-analysis led to opposite conclusions. To further investigate this controversial issue, we performed this systematic review and meta-analysis update.

Methods:
PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were systematically searched and studies on “cancer and OSA” were all included. Two reviewers independently searched articles, extracted data, and assessed the quality of included studies. Moreover, the overall incidence of cancer and OSA in corresponding populations was calculated.

Results:
Of the 1434 titles identified, 22 articles involving more than 32.1 million patients were included in this meta-analysis. An overall incidence of OSA positive individuals in cancer was 46 (95%CI, 27–67)%, and the prevalence of cancers in OSA patients reached 1.53 (95%CI, 1.01–2.31) times higher than non-OSA individuals.

Conclusion:
This meta-analysis indicated that there was a high prevalence of OSA in cancer patients, and individuals with OSA were more likely to develop tumors, and the incidence was related to the severity of OSA.
Performance characterization of PCR-free whole genome sequencing for clinical diagnosis
Authors: Zhou Guiju , Zhou Meizhen , Zeng Fanwei , Zhang Ningzhi , Sun Yan , Qiao Zhihong , Guo Xueqin , Zhou Shihao , Yun Guojun , Xie Jiansheng , Wang Xiaodan , Liu Fengxia , Fan Chunna , Wang Yaoshen , Fang Zhonghai , Tian Zhongming , Dai Wentao , Sun Jun , Peng Zhiyu , Song Lijie 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
To evaluate the performance of polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-free whole genome sequencing (WGS) for clinical diagnosis, and thereby revealing how experimental parameters affect variant detection.
Five NA12878 samples were sequenced using MGISEQ-2000. NA12878 samples underwent WGS with differing deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) input and library preparation protocol (PCR-based vs PCR-free protocols for library preparation). The depth of coverage and genotype quality of each sample were compared. The performance of each sample was measured for sensitivity, coverage of depth and breadth of coverage of disease-related genes, and copy number variants. We also developed a systematic WGS pipeline (PCR-free) for the analysis of 11 clinical cases.
In general, NA12878-2 (PCR-free WGS) showed better depth of coverage and genotype quality distribution than NA12878-1 (PCR-based WGS). With a mean depth of ∼40×, the sensitivity of homozygous and heterozygous single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of NA12878-2 showed higher sensitivity (>99.77% and >99.82%) than NA12878-1, and positive predictive value exceeded 99.98% and 99.07%. The sensitivity and positive predictive value of homozygous and heterozygous indels for NA12878-2 (PCR-free WGS) showed great improvement than NA128878-1. The breadths of coverage for disease-related genes and copy number variants are slightly better for samples with PCR-free library preparation protocol than the sample with PCR-based library preparation protocol. DNA input also influences the performance of variant detection in samples with PCR-free WGS. All the 19 previously confirmed variants in 11 clinical cases were successfully detected by our WGS pipeline (PCR free).
Different experimental parameters may affect variant detection for clinical WGS. Clinical scientists should know the range of sensitivity of variants for different methods of WGS, which would be useful when interpreting and delivering clinical reports.
Effect of resisted exercise on autonomic cardiac modulation in elderly women
Authors: Isidoro Naerton José Xavier , Oliveira Fernando Rocha , Raimundo Rodrigo Daminello 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Heart rate variability (HRV) is an important cardiac health marker, with lower values indicating a reduction in vagal control of cardiac rhythm and decreasing significantly with advancing age. In this study, we evaluated the effects of strength exercises for the upper and lower limbs on cardiac autonomic modulation in elderly women.
We registered 29 participants using a portable RS800CX heart rate monitor to record the RR intervals. For the collection of HRV data, the volunteers remained seated at rest for 10 minutes. After the rest period, the participants performed the exercises. Immediately after the exercise protocol, the subjects remained seated at rest for 30 minutes. HRV indices were analyzed in the following periods: rest, 0 to 10 minutes, 5 to 10 minutes, 10 to 20 minutes, and 20 to 30 minutes. Systolic arterial pressure and diastolic arterial pressure were measured in the following periods: rest, immediately after exercise, and 30 minutes after exercise.
Regarding the mean of the RR intervals, heart rate, and indexes of the time and frequency domains surveyed, there were no statistically significant differences between the 4 moments in the protocols for upper and lower limbs. No significant differences were found in systolic and diastolic pressures between the 3 time points surveyed in the protocols for the upper and lower limbs.
Resistance exercises performed with low-intensity loads and a greater number of repetitions did not promote significant variations in cardiac autonomic modulation and blood pressure levels, showing good safety in elderly women.