bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of GA3 on Flowering and Fruit-set in a Mutant of Tomato1
Authors: Mapelli S. , Torti G. , Badino M. , Soressi G. P. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Gibberellin A3 (GA3) promoted anther development and increased the amount of viable pollen in the short anther parthenocarpic mutant (sha-pat) of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) without inducing seeded fruits.
Effects of Flooding Level on Storage Root Formation, Ethylene Production, and Growth of Sweet Potato1
Authors: Paterson D. R. , Earhart D. R. , Fuqua M. C. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The lower 15 cm (4 nodes) of vine tip cuttings of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam. cv Jewel) were planted in blasting sand and immersed in a full strength Hoagland’s nutrient solution to a height of either 5 or 15 cm. More roots were initiated at the two lower nodes and roots were more numerous and larger by 6-12 weeks in the 5 cm immersion level while at the 15 cm level more roots originated at the upper nodes. Endogenous ethylene (C2H4) increased in the stems of plants immersed to a height of 15 cm.
‘Morris’ Plum1
Authors: Bowen H. H. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
‘Morris’ was released to fill the need for a high-quality fresh-dessert plum adapted to the Coastal Plains, where accumulated chilling is at least 750 hr. Winter cold tolerance has not been determined. ‘Morris’ fruits (Fig. 1) mature with those of Ozark Premier’ or slightly earlier and are superior in flavor and color (Tables 1 and 2).
‘Blue Moon’ Impatiens1
Authors: Weigle J. L. , Pasutti D. W. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
‘Blue Moon’ is a new cultivar developed from the New Guinea-type Impatiens collected by the U. S. Plant Introduction Service in 1970 (1). It is distinguished by large, bright, and abundant flowering and was selected for use as a bedding plant as were other Iowa State F1 hybrid releases (2).
Pears in China1
Authors: Shen Tsuin 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The culture of pear in China dates back to 2,500-3,000 years ago. Shi Jing (1), a book written about 1,000 BC, mentioned that “pears grow in wet low lands”. This apparently referred to Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai growing in the Yantze Valley, and possibly also P. calleryana Dene., now commonly used for rootstocks in East China. From many historical records, it can be inferred that by the time of the Tsing and Han dynasty 2,000 years ago, there were not only large areas of land devoted to pear growing along the Huai and Yellow Rivers, but also a number of good cultivars were grown with improved cultural methods. The book Shi Gee (100 bc) (8) states “In the north of Huai River, those who grow 1,000 pear trees are as rich as those barons who possess 1,000 families of tenant farmers”.
Influence of Fertilization, Superphosphate and Lime on Mottling of Dracaena fragrans1
Authors: Conover Charles A. , Poole Richard T. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Foliar mottling on mature leaves and reduced plant quality often occurs on Dracaena fragrans (L.) Ker-Gawl. cv. Massangeana after transfer to an interior environment. Best plant quality was obtained when single superphosphate was omitted from the potting medium, dolomite was included and plants were grown with the equivalent of 667 kg N/ha (3700 kg Osmocote 18N-3P-10K). Mottling was most severe when plants received single superphosphate and the equivalent of 1000 or more kg N/ha (5550 or more kg Osmocote 18N-3P-10K). In the second experiment, single superphosphate also increased severity of mottling during interior maintenance period and addition of dolomite to the potting medium did not lessen the severity.
The Influence of Fish Solubles on Growth and Fruiting of Tomato1
Authors: Aung L. H. , Flick G. J. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Fish soluble nutrients (FSN) applied at weekly or biweekly intervals gave comparable growth and fruit yield of greenhouse-grown tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentwn mill.) as plants fertilized with full strength Hoagland’s nutrient solution. FSN fertilization stimulated vegetative growth and delayed flowering and fruit-ripening by 5-8 days depending upon concentration and frequency of application. FSN can be a useful nutrient source for crop fertilization.
Postharvest Rhizopus Fruit Rot Resistance in Red Raspberry1
Authors: Daubeny Hugh A. , Pepin H. S. , Barritt Bruce H. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Fruits of 37 red raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) cultivars and selections (all subsequently referred to as clones) were screened for postharvest resistance to Rhizopus spp. (probably R. stolonifer [Ehr. ex Fr.] Vuill.) at Abbotsford, British Columbia and Puyallup, Washington. Among clones examined at both locations the more resistant were ‘Meeker’, ‘Nootka’, and selections 6820/54 and 6820/41 from the Scottish Horticultural Research Institute (SHRI) and the more susceptible were ‘Mailing Leo’, ‘Skeena’, ‘Haida’ and SHRI 7023/69. In addition at Abbotsford, ‘Matsqui’ and several British Columbia (BC) selections were resistant, and ‘Mailing Delight’, ‘Canby’, ‘Glen Clova’ and several BC selections were very susceptible. Two sources of resistance were apparent: intrinsic tissue resistance in clones with relatively soft fruit derived from the ‘Cuthberť cultivar, for example ‘Meeker’, ‘Nootka’ and ‘Matsqui’, and resistance associated with fruit firmness in clones derived from the black raspberry (R. occidentalism, for example SHRI selections 6820/54 and 6820/41.
The Effect of Oxygen Concentration on the Release of Peach Leaf Buds from Rest1
Authors: Erez A. , Couvillon G. A. , Kays S. J. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
‘Redhaven’ peach (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch) that were in rest were exposed for 96 hours to 2.5, 5, 10.5, or 21% O2. A second group was exposed to 2.5% O2 for 1, 2, 4, or 6 days. Bud break was enhanced only by 2.5 or 5% O2. Rest release was also influenced by the duration of exposure to low O2. Plants exposed for 2, 4, or 6 days to 2.5% O2 showed faster bud break than did those exposed to the same concentration for 0 or 1 day.
Rooting, Survival, and Development of Several Peach Cultivars Propagated from Semihardwood Cuttings1
Authors: Couvillon G. A. , Erez A. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Semi-hardwood peach cuttings of 13 cultivars of peach (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch) collected in 2 locations were successfully rooted and transplanted to the field. Rooting was influenced by indolebutyric acid (IBA) concentration and basal wounding.
Chemical Thinning Response of ‘Delicious’ Apples to Volume of Applied Water1
Authors: Herrera-Aguirre Estaban , Unrath C. R. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Thinning spray combinations of naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), (2-chloroethyl) phosphonic acid (ethephon), and 1-naphthyl N-methyl carbamate (carbaryl) were applied to ‘Delicious’ apples (Malm domestica Borkh). In 1975, 280 dekaliters per hectare (DPH) showed large variation over 3 locations. In 1976 applications based on “tree row volume” (TRV) showed uniform thinning across the same (1975) locations.
Color Quality Evaluation Of Horticultural Crops
Authors: Francis F. J. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Quality measurement in all foods has been extremely important in the past and certainly will be no less so in the future. The trend towards a better nutritional delivery system, combined with a reduction in overall calories in our diet, will make fruits and vegetables even more important (5). Improved nutritional content will have to be accompanied by good sensory appeal because food that isn't eaten is of little importance in our diet Sensory appeal will have to be quantified, so it behooves the scientists in related areas to develop and interpret sophisticated tools to measure sensory appeal as an aid to the plant breeders.
Nondestructive Evaluation Of Internal Quality
Authors: Dull G. G. , Birth G. S. , Magee J. B. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In addressing the subject of nondestructive evaluation of internal quality of horticultural crops, the establishment of an understanding of quality is needed at the outset. Dull (4) has defined nondestructive quality evaluation (NDQE) as “a gaining of meaningful information which can be used in making judgments, both positive and negative, about the degree of excellence of a food with out altering the physical and chemical properties of that food.” In order to make judgments about a specific quality situation, one must select specific physical and/or chemical properties to be measured. A list of those properties would include weight, diameter, titratable acidity, pH, total nitrogen and concentration of soluble solids, sucrose, glucose, fructose, malic acid, citric acid, chlorophyll, carotene, anthocyanins, dry matter, proteins, amino acids, fat, starch, cellulose, pectins, and hemicellulose.
Effects of Triacontanol on Sweet Potatoes1
Authors: Bouwkamp J. C. , McArdle R. N. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Triacontanol, applied at 100 ppb to sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam increased percent dry weight and percentage nitrogen (dry weight basis) of leaves soon after treatment but had no measurable effect on root yields, root protein or percentage dry matter of the roots.
Effect of Camptothecin on the Storage Quality of Radishes1
Authors: Wang C. Y. , Buta J. G. , Hruschka H. W. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
A 5-minute dip in a suspension of camptothecin, a naturally occurring growth regulator, at 5×10–2 mM or at higher concentrations inhibited both adventitious root growth and top sprouting of partially trimmed (tops trimmed to 5 mm) radishes (Raphanus sativus L., cvs. Comet and Stop Light) during 2 weeks of storage at 10° or 20°C. The treatment also reduced weight loss but did not affect changes in red color or ascorbic acid content. Camptothecin was ineffective in inhibiting sprouting when tops were trimmed to 25 mm. Radishes stored at 0° had no new root or top growth and thus showed no effect of the camptothecin treatment.
Transitory Yellowing of Chinese Cabbage1
Authors: Kratky B. A. , Ko W. H. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Transitory yellowing, a new disease of Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris L. ssp pekinensis Rupr.), was noticed in 1971 in the Lalamilo area on the Island of Hawaii. The disease was not associated with pathogenic microorganisms. The susceptibility varies with cultivar but no cultivar proved to be resistant. In the disease-free Volcano area no symptoms developed on plants growing in soil collected from the diseased area at Lalamilo. Application of a complete fertilizer or pH adjustment of soil did not alleviate the disease symptoms. Disease symptoms disappeared within 3 days when plants were transported from a diseased area to a healthy area. Results suggest that the new disease is caused by an unknown airborne agent present in the diseased area.
Citrus Pollen Storage1
Authors: Sahar N. , Spiegel-Roy P. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The storage life of ‘Clementine’ mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco) and Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf. pollen was effectively extended in an oxygen-free atmosphere. ‘Clementine’ pollen held at 4°C enabled satisfactory germination (20%) up to 7 weeks; a similar rate of germination was maintained after 20 weeks by use of N atmosphere. By combining deepfreeze temperatures (−18°) with either N or CO2 atmosphere for pollen storage, a germination rate of 13% was maintained after 57 weeks. With Poncirus, lower germination rates were obtained (7-9% after 57 weeks), but results paralleled those obtained with ‘Clementine’ mandarin pollen. Poncirus pollen, stored in an oxygen-free atmosphere at −18° for one year, maintained its fertilizing capacity.
Propagation of Gypsophila paniculata from Cuttings12
Authors: Kusey William E , Weiler T. C. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Terminal cuttings of Gypsophila paniculata L. cv. Bristol Fairy rooted and established well in peat cylinders or foam or cellulose fiber blocks. Rooting was improved by a 5 or 30 second basal dip using indolebutyric acid (IBA) at 3,000-10,000 mg/liter 45% ethanol.
Evaluation of Potassium-enriched Clinoptilolite as a Potassium Source for Potting Media1
Authors: Hershey David R. , Paul J. L. , Carlson R. M. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
A sample of clinoptilolite with an exchangeable K, Na, Ca and Mg content of 160.0, 33.5, 18.7, and 0.4 meq/100 g was evaluated as a slow-release К fertilizer by leaching and growth studies of Chrysanthemum morifolium, Ramat. Potassium release from an amended potting medium indicated that clinoptilolite did not behave like a soluble K source but was very similar to slow-release fertilizers. A single application of 50 g clinoptilolite per 1.5 liters of potting medium produced 3-month chrysanthemum yields equal to those obtained with a daily irrigation with 234 ppm K.
Vegetative Propagation of Abies fraseri by Stem Cuttings1
Authors: Hinesley L. Eric , Blazich Frank A. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Rooting of Fraser fir [Abies fraseri (Pursh) Poir.] stem cuttings decreased as stock plant age increased from 5 to 12 to 22 years. Indolebutyric acid (IBA) at 5000 ppm increased rooting of cuttings from 12- and 22-year old trees.
Effects of Auxin on Rooting of Ixora acuminata1
Authors: Rauch Fred D. , Yamakawa Roy M. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Rooting of the difficult-to-root Ixora acuminata was improved by application of a combination of indolebutyric acid (IBA) and napthalenacetic acid (NAA) to the base of cuttings.
‘Dixielee’ Watermelon1
Authors: Crall J. M. , Elmstrom G. W. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
‘Dixielee’ watermelon (Citrullus lanatus [Thunb.] Matsum. & Nakai) produces round striped fruits with intense red flesh. It grows vigorously and is resistant to race 1 anthracnose, Colletotrichum lagenarium (Pass.) Ellis & Halsted, and highly resistant to fusarium wilt, Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht. f. sp. niveum [E. F. Sm.] Snyd. & Hans. Because of its tough rind, firm flesh, attractive flesh color, high soluble solids, and excellent eating quality, ‘Dixielee’ is expected to help meet the need for additional high quality cultivars for commercial watermelon production in Florida and other producing areas as well as appeal to home gardeners who place a high priority on fruit quality.
The Effect of Rice-hull Mulch on Growth, Carbohydrate Content, and Nitrogen Fixation in Phaseolus vulgaris L.1
Authors: Waters Luther , Graham Peter H. , Breen Patrick J. , Mack Harry J. , Rosas Juan C. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Mulching ‘Puebla 152’ beans with rice hulls to a depth of 4 cm reduced afternoon soil temperature, soil temperature fluctuation, and slowed the loss of soil moisture. These effects were greatest prior to canopy closure. Fresh weight of nodules, roots, stems, leaves, and total plant increased 50%, 38%, 49%, 24%, and 38%, respectively, with mulching, but pod and final seed weight were unaffected. Mulching had little effect on the concentration of soluble and insoluble carbohydrates. N2 fixation rates (C2H2 reduction) were low (≤ 0.6 µmole/plant per hr) but were as much as 3 times higher in mulched than unmulched plants.
Levels of DCPA, MTP, TPA, and Hexachlorobenzene in Radish Roots and Tops1
Authors: Archer Thomas E. , Gauer William O. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Residues of dimethyl-2,3,5,6-tetrachloroterephthalate (DCPA), monomethyl-2,3,5, 6-tetrachloroterephthalate (MTP), 2,3,5,6-tetrachloroterephthalic acid (TPA) and hexachlorobenzene (HCB) were determined in tops and roots of radish (Raphanus sativus L.) to which the herbicide had been applied as a soil treatment for preemergence control of weeds under commercial field conditions. Residues of these compounds in the radish roots were either negligible or less than the analytical method sensitivity (0.01 ppm for all compounds except HCB which was 0.001 ppm). Much more residues of DCPA were found in the radish tops ranging from about 2 to 13 ppm. Residues of the other compounds were higher in the tops, in all instances, than in the roots. Recoveries of all the chemicals in fortified controls ranged from 70 to 100%.
Leaf Calcium and Sorbitol in ‘Delicious’ Apple Trees as Influenced by Herbicides and Nitrogen Levels1
Authors: Raese J. Thomas 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The effect of combinations of soil-applied paraquat and simazine and 3 levels of supplemental ammonium nitrate on leaf calcium and sorbitol was determined in ‘Delicious’ apple trees (Malus domestica Borkh.). Levels of leaf calcium were significantly lower in plots treated with simazine + paraquat than with paraquat alone for all levels of nitrogen. Leaf size was significantly related to levels of sorbitol in the wood and bark, and sorbitol content of 2-year-old shoots was significantly related to leaf calcium levels.
Introduction to the Symposium1
Authors: Gouin Francis R. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
“And Thou Shalt Die in a Polluted Land”(Amos 7:17). The only biblical verse that specifically mentions pollution was written in 2,000 BC by the prophet Amos, a simple herdsman and gatherer of wild figs. Although he was denouncing the social and moral degeneracy of Israel during the days of Jeroboam II, he seemed to have accurately described today’s environmental pollution problem.
Sewage Sludge: Processing and Marketing Converts a Problem into Beneficial Products
Authors: Morgan Wayne C. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In recent years a decided change has become evident throughout many areas of the United States: sewage sludge is a valuable natural resource, not a problem to be disposed of! Yet this knowledge is something Kellogg Supply in cooperation with the Los Angeles County Sanitation District, has been using to advantage for crops, lawns, gardens and landscaping for over 52 years (Fig. 1, 2).
Factors Affecting Quality of Composts for Utilization in Container Media1
Authors: Hoitink H. A. J. , Poole H. A. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
A variety of publications from the United States (9, 10, 16, 22, 28), Norway (27), Belgium (4, 5, 6), Finland (18), and Japan (30) have discussed composting of tree barks for use in container media. Although differences in properties of bark from tree species are considerable, established methods for production of high quality composts are remarkably similar. The composting process comprises a complex series of biological events that remove mostly cellulose (wood and cambium) and various toxins (24, 29) from bark and leave humic acid, lignins and a variety of microorganisms as major end products. In this article, key factors are discussed that affect the composting rate of tree barks and quality of the end product. Information presented is based on research performed at the Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center during the past 8 years as well as research at other institutions. Some guidelines were established in cooperation with various commercial operations that produce compost for container media.
Ineffectiveness of Foliar Application and Pressure Trunk Injection of Mg-N Formulation for Correction of Mg Deficiency of Pecan1
Authors: Worley R. E. , Littrell R. H. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
An Mg-N formulation (RES-20482) used as a 0.25 or 0.50% spray solution or when trunk injected at 5 ml/2.54 cm of trunk circumference did not significantly increase leaf Mg of pecan (Carya illinoensis (Wang.) K. Koch).
Tree Implanted Zinc-bentonite Paste as a Source of Slow-release Zinc for ‘Delmas’ Pecan1
Authors: Banin A. , Navrot J. , Ron Y. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Zinc was supplied to trees of ‘Delmas’ pecan (Carya illinoensis (Wang. K. Koch) by means of Zn saturated bentonite paste implanted into the limbs. Five treatments, 0, 56, 107, 133 and 213 mg Zn per limb in the form of Zn-bentonite paste were applied to 5 years-old trees in a commercial plantation at the beginning of the growing season. Almost all the Zn was released during growth into the transpiration stream and increased the Zn-leaf concentration. No visual damage in treated limbs was caused by implantation per se, although the highest rate of Zn reduced leaf growth somewhat. The optimal dose of Zn was 107 mg/limb equivalent to only about 2-3% of the Zn usually supplied by commercial spraying.
Germination of Dieffenbachia maculata ‘Perfection’ Pollen after Storage at Different Temperature and Relative Humidity Regimes1
Authors: Henny R. J. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Pollen of Dieffenbachia maculata (Lodd.) G. Don ‘Perfection’ remained viable for 5 days when stored at 5°C and 90% relative humidity. Pollen germination declined rapidly when stored for more than 1 day at 5 or 25° without controlled humidity. Freezing of pollen was an unsuccessful storage method.
Germination of Foliage Plant Seeds in Response to Pre-sowing Ultrasonic Exposures, Water Soaks, and Fungicides1
Authors: Perry L. P. , Boodley J. W. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Seeds of Asparagus densiflorus (Kunth) Jessop ‘Sprengen’, Brassaia actinophylla Endl., and Musa balbisiana Colla., were exposed to 5 durations of ultrasonics at a frequency of 60 Hz. Some seeds were then given a 12 hour water soak before sowing. No differences were noted in germination rates for all species. The only significantly improved germination percentage occurred with seeds of Musa balbisiana given a 30 second exposure and no water soak. Seeds of Asparagus densiflorus ‘Sprengeri’, Brassaia actinophylla, Cordyline australis (G. Forst.) Hook, f., and Philodendron lundii Warm., were given 15 minute soaks in 3 concentrations of 3 fungicides before sowing but no significant differences in final germination percentage or germination rate were observed among treatments.
Chilling Injury in Dracaena sanderana and Spathiphyllum ‘Clevelandii’1
Authors: Marousky F. J. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Dracaena sanderana Hort. Sander ex M. T. Mast and Spathiphyllum ‘Clevelandii’ plants were injured when exposed to 10°C for 1 day or 13° for 2 days. The longer plants were exposed to a given chilling temperature or the lower the chilling temperature, the greater the injury. In Spathiphyllum, injury (leaf wilting or water soaking at the margins) was apparent during or immediately after the cold exposure. Affected leaf margins eventually became necrotic. In Dracaena, symptoms of injury were not apparent immediately but appeared after 3-4 days. Leaf margins eventually became chloratic and necrotic.
In Vitro Germination of Maranta leuconeura Embryos1
Authors: Henny R. J. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Germination of Maranta leuconeura E. Morr. embryos was 65% in Linsmaier and Skoog culture medium and increased to 100% with the addition of N6-[Δ2-isopentenyl] - adenine (2iP).
Accelerating Palm Seed Germination with Gibberellic Acid, Scarification, and Bottom Heat1
Authors: Nagao M. A. , Kanegawa K. , Sakai W. S. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Scarification and pre-soak treatments with water or 1000 ppm gibberellic acid (GA) accelerated seed germination of Alexandra palm [Archontophoenix alexandrae (F. J. Muell.) H. Wendl. & Drude]. Macarthur palm [Ptychosperma macarthurii (H. Wendl.) Nichols] germination was accelerated following scarification or pre-soaking in 1000 ppm GA, however, in both species greatest acceleration was obtained when the scarification and GA treatments were combined. Germination time of Macarthur palm was also reduced by 6 weeks when sown in beds heated to 27° ± 1°C.
Wisconsin (BBSR) 17 and 28 Snap Bean Breeding Lines Resistant to Pseudomonas syringae1
Authors: Hagedorn D. J. , Rand R. E. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This is a report of the development and release of the second and third breeding lines of bush bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) with resistance to the bacterial brown spot disease incited by Pseudonomas syringae van Hall. These prolific new green bean breeding lines have been designated Wisconsin (BBSR) 17 and Wisconsin (BBSR) 28, and are intended for use as parental materials in breeding programs.