bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Primary central nervous system CD20-negative diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: A case report
Authors: Luo Shuai , Huang Xiang , Li Yao , Wang Jinjing 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: CD20-negative diffuse large B-cell lymphoma is a very rare and heterogeneous invasive cancer characterized by chemical resistance and poor prognosis. Primary CD20-negative diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the central nervous system is even rarer, presenting great challenges in pathological diagnosis and clinical treatment.Case Presentation: We report a case of primary CD20-negative diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the CNS in a 54-year-old woman admitted to the hospital with a headache lasting more than 10 days. CT and MRI scans showed right temporal lobe lymphoma. Microscopically, large infiltrating lymphoid cells that induced brain tissue damage were observed. Immunohistochemistry showed that the tumor cells were CD79a+, PAX-5+, MUM1+, and CD20-. The patient was diagnosed with lymphoma and transferred to an oncology hospital for chemotherapy.Conclusions: To the best of our knowledge, this is one of the first reported cases of unclassifiable CD20-negative diffuse large B-cell lymphoma located in the CNS. This case report aims to deepen the understanding of clinicopathological features of this type of lymphoma and expand the scope of this disease.
A machine learning model for three years survival state prediction of HPSCC patients via multi parameters
Authors: Li Zufei , Ding Shuo , Zhong Qi , Fang Jugao , Chen Xiaohong , Huang Junwei , Zhang Yang , Huang Zhigang 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background and Objective: The survival rate of patients with hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HPSCC) was poor. The aim of this study was to establish a prediction model to predict the 3-year survival state of HPSCC patients by using artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms. Methods: The survival and clinical-pathological data of 295 patients with HPSCC in our hospital were analyzed retrospectively. 70% of the data were set as training sets and the other 30% were set as test sets. Total 22 clinical parameters which may correlated to the survival states of HPSCC patients were included as the training features. Total 12 kinds of different machine learning (ML) algorithms were used for model construction and were evaluated to find the model with the best model performance. The accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC), as well as Cohen's kappa coefficient were used to evaluated the model performance. Results: We successfully conducted a 3-year survival prediction model of HPSCC patients based on the above clinical features by using XGBoost algorithm, which is the algorithm with the best model performance among all the 12 ML algorithms. The accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, area under ROC (AUC), and kappa value of the model were 80.9%, 92.6%, 62.9%, 77.7%, 58.1%, respectively. Conclusion: The XGBoost algorithm can construct a relatively reliable prediction model of 3-year survival state of HPSCC patients. The proposed model can offer a new prognostic evaluation method for clinical treatment of HPSCC.
Uptake of the Human Papilloma Virus Vaccine and Associated Factors Among Girls Aged 9-14 Years in Buikwe District: a Cross Sectional Study.
Authors: Ndibazza Catherine , Barugahare Banson John 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Cervical cancer is one of the leading public health global concerns. Our study aimed at determining the level of uptake of the HPV vaccine and associated factors among Ugandan girls 9-14 years, to inform policy accordingly.Methodology: A cross-sectional study using mixed methods was carried out. Quantitative data were entered using Epidata and exported to Stata 14 for cleaning and analysis. Atlas.ti 6 software was used in thematic qualitative data analysis.Results: Only 30% of the girls whose mothers/caretakers were civil servants received the HPV vaccine P = 0.049, AOR=1.78 (1.00-3.18), CI=95%). Girls whose caretakers accessed health information were 2.68 times more likely to uptake the HPV vaccine (P = 0.004, AOR = 2.68(1.36-5.26), CI = 95%). To the extreme, girls whose mothers/caretakers had never heard about HPV vaccines and thought getting vaccinated is not important were less likely to uptake the HPV vaccine (P = 0.030, AOD = 0.31 (0.10-0.89), CI=95%) and (P = 000, AOD = 0.12 (0.05-0.28), CI=95%) respectively. Girls whose mothers/caretakers accessed health information through the health workers (P = 0.004, AOR = 2.68(1.36-5.26), CI = 95%) were 2.68 times more likely to uptake the HPV vaccine than any other girls in reference category.Conclusion: The level of HPV vaccine uptake among girls 9-14 years remains significantly low at 30% in Buikwe district. Vaccine uptake was negatively affected by level of formal education and health education awareness among the mothers/caretakers. There should be strategies to improve vaccine awareness and update among the key stakeholders. Nevertheless, health education enhances vaccine update and should be improved for better outcomes.
Analytical solution of the steady Navier-Stokes equation for a compressible fluid entrained by a rotating disk of finite radius using the apparatus of tunnel mathematics (subsonic case).
Authors: G. Shvydkyi O. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Equations of tunnel mathematics [3] can be applied for solving the steady Navier-Stokes equation for compressible fluid while the motion of fluid particles is described by means the velocity as a vector function. The principles of application are similar to those for incompressible fluid [2]. Especially this concerns to boundary conditions imposed on a disk surface which remain unchanged. The motion of compressible fluid entrained by a rotating disk of finite radius exhibits complex interaction pattern of main stream and compression and rarefaction simple cylindrical waves propagating in fluid (Fig. 1). If the velocity of main stream is subsonic then these simple cylindrical waves propagate in both direction of cylindrical polar coordinate r, if supersonic then only in direction of increasing of r coordinate. If the velocity of main stream becomes supersonic then forming of a shock wave is possible. However, it is impossible to reach the supersonic velocity for a fluid entrained by a rotating disk of finite radius since the only presence of centrifugal forces is not suffice for this. Moreover, when the velocity of main stream become comparable with that of sound the considerable heating of the gas and the disk occurs and we then should to deal with the equations of motion in the boundary layer together with the equation of heat transfer in it [1, p. 162, footnote]. Since the steady Navier-Stokes equation cannot describe oscillations of fluid particles obtained expressions of velocity projections and pressure relate to their time averaged values. We suppose that Reynolds number is enough large and the viscosity has in important effect on the motion of fluid only in a very small region near the disk (boundary layer). We also suppose that the fluid and the disk had at beginning the same temperatures and the energy dissipation occurs only by means internal friction.
Research Progress of Raman Spectroscopy and Raman Imaging in Pharmaceutical
Analysis
Authors: Ren Jie , Mao Shijie , Lin Jidong , Xu Ying , Zhu Qiaoqiao , Xu Ning 
Published: May 2022

Abstract:
The analytical investigation of the pharmaceutical process monitors the critical process parameters of
the drug, beginning from its development until marketing and post-marketing, and appropriate corrective action
can be taken to change the pharmaceutical design at any stage of the process. Advanced analytical methods,
such as Raman spectroscopy, are particularly suitable for use in the field of drug analysis, especially for qualitative
and quantitative work, due to the advantages of simple sample preparation, fast, non-destructive analysis
speed and effective avoidance of moisture interference. Advanced Raman imaging techniques have gradually
become a powerful alternative method for monitoring changes in polymorph distribution and active pharmaceutical
ingredient distribution in drug processing and pharmacokinetics. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy
(SERS) has also solved the inherent insensitivity and fluorescence problems of Raman, which has made good
progress in the field of illegal drug analysis. This review summarizes the application of Raman spectroscopy
and imaging technology, which are used in the qualitative and quantitative analysis of solid tablets, quality control
of the production process, drug crystal analysis, illegal drug analysis, and monitoring of drug dissolution
and release in the field of drug analysis in recent years.
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-induced Thyroid Disorders: A Single Center
Experience
Authors: Fallahi Poupak , Patrizio Armando , Antonelli Alessandro , Ferrari Silvia Martina 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) foster T lymphocytes to fight cancer, but they can also trigger immune-related adverse events (irAE) in various organs, including thyroid dysfunction that can manifest itself in terms of both hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism or subclinical disease.

Objective:
Based on previous observations, this study evaluated the impact of oncological immunotherapy on the development of thyroid dysfunction in a cohort of patients treated with ICI at our institution.

Methods:
We collected 10 cases of thyroid irAE that emerged from 24 cancer patients treated with immunotherapy, belonging to a cohort of 120 patients sent to our clinic by the Oncology Department of our institution, between December 2016 and March 2020.

Results:
From the analysis of the data, thyroid irAE emerged after a median time of 9 weeks, and they occurred mainly in females. Regardless of the initial presentation (thyroiditis with thyrotoxicosis, hypothyroidism, or worsening of the previous subclinical hypothyroidism), later all patients developed persistent hypothyroidism which required hormone replacement therapy with levothyroxine. This finding was confirmed by a statistically significant increase in the median value of TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone) between the pre-ICI treatment and subsequent phases and, for the first time, by a reduction in the median value of the thyroid volume estimated by neck ultrasound, a sign of destructive thyroiditis.

Conclusions:
Our results confirm that patients undergoing immunotherapy should be monitored for potential thyroid dysfunction with biochemical assessments and changing in thyroid volume estimated by ultrasound could be helpful in the diagnostic work-up.
An Approach to Psychiatric Illness in Rheumatology Clinics
Authors: Mathew Stephanie , Orzechowski Nicole , Teja Nikhil , Thakur Devendra , Scudder Paige , Albert Daniel 
Published: May 2022

Abstract:
Rheumatologists encounter patients with psychiatric illnesses daily in their practice;
however, formal training in rheumatology does not sufficiently equip rheumatologists with guidance
for managing common psychiatric illnesses. This study reviews common clinical situations
involving psychiatric symptoms, their relationship with rheumatologic conditions, and their effects
on clinical presentation and management. We illustrate key principles in a case-based format and
reflect on the management of psychiatric components. Based on these discussions and a brief review
of the epidemiology of psychiatric illnesses, we emphasize the prevalence and significance of
these problems in daily practice.
The Effect of a Combined Topical Herbal Cream on the Incidence and
Severity of Striae Gravidarum in Primiparous Women: A Randomized
Clinical Trial
Authors: Alirezaei Somayeh , Yazdanpanah Mohammad Javad , Esmaeili Habibollah , Khadem Nayereh , Zabolinejad Naghmeh , Sadeghi Fatemeh , Roudsari Robab Latifnejad 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Striae gravidarum, which occurs in most pregnancies, is unpleasant for
women, and its treatment is costly. A preventive measure for this condition is applying herbal oils to
maintain the skin's elasticity. The current study investigated the effect of a topical combined herbal
cream on the occurrence and severity of striae gravidarum in primiparous women.

Methods:
In this triple-blind randomized clinical trial, 90 primiparous women in their first trimester
of pregnancy, attending healthcare centres in Mashhad, Iran, were randomly allocated into two
groups of herbal cream and placebo, from which 54 completed the study. The intervention group received
0.3 g of the cream, topically, composed of Calendula (Pot marigold), Anthemis nobilis
(Chamomile), Pelargonium Graveolens (Rose Geranium), Theobroma oil (Cocoa Butter) and
Soybean, twice a day for three days a week from 14-16 to 27-30 weeks of gestation and the placebo
group received a moisturizing cream. At the gestational age of 38-40 weeks, the incidence and severity
of striae on the abdominal skin were evaluated using the Atwal numerical scoring system and
digital photography.

Results:
There was a significant difference between the prevalence of striae in the intervention and
placebo group (43.3% vs 87.5%) (P<0.0001). Also, a significant difference was seen between the
two groups in terms of the severity of the striae (P < 0.001). In the intervention group, the severity
of striae in 86.7%, 13.3%, and 0% of the cases was mild, moderate, and severe, respectively, whereas,
in the placebo group, it was occurred as mild, moderate, and severe in 37.5%, 58.3%, and 4.2%
of the cases.

Conclusion:
Considering the effect of topically applied herbal cream, it is recommended that health care
providers suggest pregnant women to use such herbal creams to avoid striae gravidarum development.

Clinical Trial Registration Number:
IRCT20190305042927
Automatic Localization and Identification of Thoracic Diseases from
Chest X-rays with Deep Learning
Authors: Xin Xiaoyan , Zhang Jian , Wang Wei , Zhang Bing , Zhang Shuai , Tang Tianyi , Peng Xin , Zhang Yanqiu , Yang Wen , Li Wenfei 
Published: May 2022

Background:
There are numerous difficulties in using deep learning to automatically locate
and identify diseases in chest X-rays (CXR). The most prevailing two are the lack of labeled data of
disease locations and poor model transferability between different datasets. This study aims to tackle
these problems.

Methods:
We built a new form of bounding box dataset and developed a two-stage model for disease
localization and identification of CXRs based on deep learning. The dataset marks anomalous regions
in CXRs but not the corresponding diseases, different from all previous datasets. The advantages of
this design are reduced labor of annotation and fewer possible errors associated with image labeling.
The two-stage model combines the robustness of the region proposal network, feature pyramid network,
and multi-instance learning techniques. We trained and validated our model with the new bounding
box dataset and the CheXpert dataset. Then, we tested its classification and localization performance
on an external dataset, which is the official split test set of ChestX-ray14.

Results:
For classification result, the mean area under the receiver operating characteristic curve
(AUC) metrics of our model on the CheXpert validation dataset was 0.912, which was 0.021, superior
to the baseline model. The mean AUC of our model on an external testing set was 0.784, whereas the
state-of-the-art model got 0.773. The localization results showed comparable performance to the stateof-
the-art models.

Conclusion:
Our model exhibits a good transferability between datasets. The new bounding box dataset
is proven to be useful and shows an alternative technique for compiling disease localization datasets.
Bartter-like Syndrome Induced By Tacrolimus in a Renal Transplanted
Boy: A Case Report
Authors: Dias Raphael Figuiredo , da Costa Monteiro Mateus , Silva Renata Aguiar Menezes , Diniz Mirella Monique Lana , Simões e Silva Ana Cristina 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Losing-salt tubulopathies, such as Bartter syndrome, are rare and usually
inherited due to mutations of tubular reabsorption channels of the nephrons. Despite its scarcity,
some cases of acquired losing-salt tubulopathies have been described. In this case report, we discuss
the main aspects of Bartter syndrome and present a rare pediatric case of probable tacrolimusinduced
Bartter-like syndrome in a renal transplanted boy.

Case Presentation:
A ten-year-old male patient with end-stage renal disease due to endo and extra
capillary glomerulonephritis was submitted to renal transplantation from a deceased donor. The
post-operatory evolution was satisfactory with normalization of serum creatinine levels, mild hypertension,
and the absence of metabolic disorders. The immunosuppression protocol included tacrolimus
(0.3 mg/kg/day), mycophenolate (455 mg/m2/day) and prednisone (0.5 mg/kg/day). Two
months later, the patient was hospitalized due to vomiting, dehydration, intense hypokalemia (1.3
mEq/L), hyponatremia (125 mEq/L), and hypochloremia (84 mmol/L). During hospitalization, he
evolved with polydipsia (3000 mL/day) and polyuria (120-160 mL/m2/h) associated with major elevation
of urinary potassium excretion, hypercalciuria, mild metabolic alkalosis, hyperfiltration,
and proteinuria. The tacrolimus dose was reduced under the suspicion of tubular dysfunction, leading
to a better metabolic profile. However, the patient developed a Banff IIb graft rejection, which
required pulse therapy and elevation of tacrolimus and mycophenolate doses. Recovery of renal
function parameters occurred, but the metabolic disorders worsened following tacrolimus dose elevation.
The patient required chronic potassium, chloride, and sodium replacement.

Conclusion:
After administering immunosuppressive medications, physicians should be aware of
the possibility of Bartter-like or other losing-salt tubulopathies syndromes that can affect metabolic
homeostasis. The suspicion must always be considered in the case of a transplanted patient who
presents dehydration and hydroelectrolytic disorders right after the commencement of nephrotoxic
immunosuppressive drugs, including tacrolimus and cyclosporine.
Design and Performance Analysis of Low Sub-threshold Swing p-Channel
Cylindrical Thin-film Transistors
Authors: Akkili Viswanath G. , Srivastava Viranjay M. 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Tin monoxide (SnO) attracts considerable interest for p-channel Cylindrical
Thin Film Transistors (CTFTs) applications due to their merits, including low hole effective mass, Sn s
and O p orbital hybridization at the valance band maxima, and ambipolar nature, among other p-type
oxide semiconductors.

Objective:
This article analyses the influence of channel radius and the impact of dielectric materials
on the performance of SnO-based CTFT devices through 3D numerical simulations.

Methods:
The radius of the active layer in the CTFT was varied in the range from 10 nm to 30 nm, and
it has been observed that an increase in channel radius reduces the switching behavior of the devices.

Results:
The 10 nm thick CTFT exhibited superior results with a lower threshold voltage of 1.5 V and
higher field-effect mobility of 13.12 cm2/V-s over other simulated CTFTs.

Conclusion:
The obtained mobility values are superior to the existing planar TFTs reports. To improve
the device performance further, the CTFTs with various dielectric materials have been simulated and
optimized with high field-effect mobility and low sub-threshold swing values.
Effect of Cellulose Acetate (CA-398-10 NF/ EP) on Osmotically Controlled
Drug Delivery System of Amitriptyline
Authors: Sutar Nikhil , Karwa Preeti 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Amitriptyline hydrochloride is a Tricyclic Antidepressant (TCA) belonging to BCS class I exhibiting only 30-60% bioavailability and often coupled with poor patient compliance. The primary objective was to develop a formulation with commercial viability and to reduce dosing frequency in order to promote adherence of depressed patients to the treatment regime. The study also focused on reducing the dose of amitriptyline by controlling the release using osmotic technology; thereby reducing the side effects of amitriptyline.

Methods:
Controlled Porosity Osmotic Pump (CPOP) systems eliminate the need for expensive drilling processes and in turn are apt for industrial manufacturing systems where as other osmotic systems have practical limitations. Wet granulation technique was used for the formulation of CPOP tablets of amitriptyline as burst release was observed in directly compressed tablets. Screening of polymers, osmogen and weight gain were performed.

Results:
F6-D3 (3 % Di-butyl phthalate) with lactose as osmogen and HPMC K 35 M as polymer was optimized. The drug release from the optimized formulation was found to be independent of the effect of agitational intensity and pH. To confirm the osmotic release mechanism, the osmotic pressure of the dissolution medium was increased. The drug release decreased markedly due to an increase in osmotic pressure.

Conclusion:
Accelerated Stability studies were carried out in ICH certified stability chambers as per the specifications and were found to be stable. It was evident that osmotic pressure generated within the CPOP tablets along with the controlled formation of pores using Cellulose Acetate (CA-398-10 EP/ NP) was able to control the release of amitriptyline hydrochloride for 24 hours. Thus, the Oral Osmotic Drug Delivery system is a promising technology for product life-cycle strategies.
The Hepatotoxicity of Nigella sativa Oil Linked to the Route of Administration
Authors: Ghareeb Doaa , El-Zeftawy Marwa , Balbaa Mahmoud 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Even Nigella sativa oil (NSO) has several pharmacological effects; the route
of administration is critical to obtain the desired activity in which intraperitoneal injection (IP) of oil
recruits macrophages and induces inflammation.

Objective:
The current study aimed to determine the best administration route of NSO in rats either
oral or IP.

Methods:
The components of NSO, routine blood analyses, hepatic oxidative stress and proinflammatory
parameters, and liver histopathological study were evaluated.

Results:
NSO contained 32.14% E,E,Z- 1, 3 , 12- nonadecatriene- 5, 14 diol, 25% thymoquinone (TQ)
and 3.74% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). In addition, the rats who received IP injection of NSO
showed an increase in hepatic enzymes, lipid profiles, oxidative stress, and inflammatory markers.
This was associated with hepatic up-regulation of the A disintegrin and metalloproteinase 17 (ADAM-
17) genes, which are corroborated by a reduction in hepatic tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 3
(TIMP-3) concentration. These indications were seen in rats given a small amount of DMSO (NSO
vehicle), indicating that NSO-oral delivery was safer than IP.

Conclusion:
NSO-IP administration promotes the hepatic oxidative stress-inflammation axis; thus,
NSO is a generally safe chemical, especially when administered orally to experimental animals.