bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sleep-wake circadian rhythm pattern in young adults by actigraphy during social isolation
Authors: Díaz Dora Zulema Romero , Gavião Maria Beatriz Duarte 
Published: February 2022

Study objectives This study investigated, through wrist actigraphy, the activity-rest pattern, estimate nocturnal sleep parameters, and quantify the exposure of light (daylight and blue light) during social isolation due to COVID-19.
Methods The participants (n = 19, aged 19 - 33 years-old) wore the actigraph in nondominant wrist for 7 days. Derivation of 25 nocturnal sleep parameters was inferred from PIM mode raw data including sleep, wake, activity, and fragmentation statistics. A hierarchical cluster analysis determined the participants profiles. Mann-Whitney and independent Student t tests, linear stepwise regression and Kendalls test were applied. The significant level was a = 0.05.
Results Two clusters were formed, normal sleepers (n = 13) and short sleepers (n = 6). The participants of both clusters went to sleep after midnight, spent approximately 1 h of being awake during time in bed, their latency to persistent sleep was normal, though true sleep minutes was less than 7 h, showed a normal sleep efficiency. Daytime activity was moderate, and a circadian rhythm was irregular. The regressions showed that bedtime and nocturnal activity contributed to the variance of daytime activity and the beginning of it (p< 0.001). The midpoint during the time in bed was the most significant predictor for the start of less period activity at night (p< 0.001).
Conclusions Actigraphy inferred that during social isolation the individuals presented, despite normal sleep latency and efficiency, inconsistent sleep parameters and irregular circadian rhythm. Moreover, decreased exposure to daylight during the morning was observed.
Quality of sleep in women with menopause and its related factors
Authors: Ahmady Fatemeh , Niknami Maryam , khalesi Zahra Bostani 
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND Menopausal period is one of the most critical stages of a womans life. Complications of the menopausal period including sleep disorders can affect the physical and mental state of women. As sleep disorder has a determinant role in the quality of life, this study was conducted to evaluate postmenopausal womens quality of sleep and its related factors.
Material and Methods This cross-sectional-analytical study was conducted on 323 postmenopausal women based on convenience and consecutive sampling. The data-gathering tool consisted of two parts; sociodemographic characteristics and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Data analysis was performed using descriptive and inferential statistical tests at a significance level of p<0.05.
Results Sleep disorder was determined in 49.9% of participants. The mean PSQI score was 5.32 ± 3.881. There was a significant correlation between PSQI and age (ß = 0.29, p < 0.001) indicating that sleep disorder increased with an increase in age. There was a significant correlation between body mass index (ß = 0.599, p < 0.001) and undesired sleep quality.
Conclusions Regarding the presence of sleep disorder in almost half of the study participants, and the relationship between sleep quality and body mass index and age, it is recommended that decision and policymakers design educational consultation interventions to improve the quality and quantity of sleep in menopause women.
Sleep physiological network analysis in children
Authors: Orjuela-Cañón Alvaro David , Jutinico Andrés Leonardo , Bazurto-Zapata Maria Angelica , Duenas-Meza Elida 
Published: February 2022

Objective Physiological networks have recently been employed as an alternative to analyze the interaction of the human body. Within this option, different systems are analyzed as nodes inside a communication network as well how information fows. Several studies have been proposed to study sleep subjects with the help of the Granger causality computation over electroencephalographic and heart rate variability signals. However, following this methodology, novel approximations for children subjects are presented here, where comparison between adult and children sleep is followed through the obtained connectivities.
Methods Data from ten adults and children were retrospectively extracted from polysomnography records. Database was extracted from people suspected of having sleep disorders who participated in a previous study. Connectivity was computed based on Granger causality, according to preprocessing of similar studies in this feld. A comparison for adults and children groups with a chi-square test was followed, employing the results of the Granger causality measures.
Results Results show that differences were mainly established for nodes inside the brain network connectivity. Additionally, for interactions between brain and heart networks, it was brought to light that children physiology sends more information from heart to brain nodes compared to the adults group.
Discussion This study represents a frst sight to children sleep analysis, employing the Granger causality computation. It contributes to understand sleep in children employing measurements from physiological signals. Preliminary fndings suggest more interactions inside the brain network for children group compared to adults group.
El discurso reproducido en discursos de posesión presidencial sudamericanos
Authors: Polanía Beltrán Fihiza 
Published: February 2022

Based on the model of Koch and Oesterreicher (2007), which defends the thesis that oral and written language present particular characteristics that are not only limited to their form, this paper will analyze political discourse as a written corpus. The speeches of Alberto Fernández, Jeanine Añez, Sebastián Piñera, Iván Duque, Lenin Moreno, Martín Vizcarra and Nicolás Maduro are the speeches of interest. Thus, the objective of this paper is to analyze the use of the discourse reproduced in South American presidential inauguration addresses. In this sense, it will seek to understand the causes and motivations behind it as well as its use. Concepción Maldonado’s (1991) work on reproduced discourse is fundamental to this task.
Basado en el modelo de Koch y Oesterreicher (2007), que defiende la tesis de que el lenguaje oral y el escrito presentan unas características particulares que no solamente se limitan a su forma, este trabajo analizará el discurso político como un corpus escrito. Siendo los discursos de Alberto Fernández, Jeanine Añez, Sebastián Piñera, Iván Duque, Lenin Moreno, Martín Vizcarra y Nicolás Maduro los discursos de interés. Así pues, el objetivo de este trabajo es analizar el uso del discurso reproducido en discursos de posesión presidencial sudamericanos. En este sentido, se buscará comprender las causas y las motivaciones detrás de ello así como su uso. El trabajo de Concepción Maldonado (1991) sobre el discurso reproducido es fundamental para esta tarea.
De lengua extranjera a lengua dominante: representaciones epilingüísticas del castellano en el Principado de Andorra
Authors: Jiménez Salcedo Juan 
Published: February 2022

The aim of this article is to study the representations of Castilian language in the Principality of Andorra. To this end, the legal and social context of languages in that country will be briefly presented, with special attention to the role they play in the educational sphere. After a description of the research methods, which are based on the ethnography of language policy, the results of a fieldwork carried out in Andorra with 23 informants considered as managers will be presented. The results will be arranged in a series of epilinguistic representation domains. The presentation of the results will be followed by a discussion.
El objetivo de este artículo es estudiar las representaciones del castellano en el Principado de Andorra. Para ello, se presentará brevemente el contexto jurídico y social de las lenguas en ese país, con especial atención al papel que estas desempeñan en el ámbito educativo. Tras la descripción de los métodos de investigación empleados, basados en la etnografía de las políticas lingüísticas, se presentarán los resultados de un trabajo de campo efectuado en Andorra con 23 informantes considerados como gestores. Los resultados se ordenarán mediante una serie de ámbitos de representación epilingüística. Tras la presentación de resultados habrá un apartado de discusión.
Vox frente a Europa: la derecha radical en Twitter durante las elecciones europeas de 2019
Authors: Oleaque Moreno Joan Manuel , Pelliser Rossell Nel.lo 
Published: February 2022

Vox, the Spanish radical right-wing party, has in the social network Twitter one of the fundamental pillars of its political communication strategy. In this paper, we review the idea of Europe projected by this political formation in its messages on the campaign for the 2019 European elections, when it obtained for the first time representation in the European Parliament. Through the critical discourse analysis applied on a sample of representative tweets, it is discovered that the subtle meanings in these messages replicate the virulence of Vox's more obvious national approaches, although under a form of greater political correctness that cannot avoid ideological perseverance.
Vox, el partido español de derecha radical, tiene en la red social Twitter uno de los pilares fundamentales de su estrategia de comunicación política. En el presente trabajo, se revisa la idea de Europa que proyecta esta formación política en sus mensajes con ocasión de la campaña electoral de las elecciones europeas de 2019, cuando obtuvo por primera vez representación en el Parlamento Europeo. A través del análisis crítico del discurso aplicado sobre una muestra de tuits especialmente representativos, se descubre que los significados sutiles en estos mensajes replican la virulencia de los planteamientos nacionales de Vox más obvios, aunque bajo una forma de mayor corrección política que no puede evitar la perseverancia ideológica.
Políticas públicas e direitos sociais de trabalhadoras rurais: caso da associação Amabela, Pará
Authors: Uchôa Maria Zilomar de Sousa , Ramos Carla , Leão Lidiane Nascimento , Vieira Thiago Almeida 
Published: February 2022

O artigo apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa sobre o acesso aos direitos sociais por mulheres associadas a uma organização social rural. Para isso, foram entrevistadas 20 mulheres que fazem parte da Associação de Mulheres Trabalhadoras Rurais do município de Belterra-Pará (AMABELA), nos meses de abril a maio de 2019, visando analisar os direitos sociais que estas mulheres tinham acesso. Após análise dos dados, por meio da análise de conteúdo, os resultados obtidos possibilitaram concluir que para a concretização dos direitos sociais dentro dessa associação, é necessária a implementação de políticas públicas direcionadas às necessidades sociais daquelas mulheres, sendo imperativo que o poder público desenvolva uma postura ativa para que esses direitos sociais fundamentais sejam mais abrangentes e atendam não só as mulheres, mas todas as pessoas que fazem parte daquela comunidade, que sejam políticas extensivas e igualitárias, sempre intentando respeitar a dignidade da pessoa humana, fazendo com que essas políticas sejam políticas públicas expansivas dentro da associação, ao ponto de despertar o interesse de outras mulheres da comunidade a se associarem na AMABELA. Para além de todas essas questões, destacou-se a importância dos movimentos sociais de mulheres como responsáveis pelas informações de seus direitos, estes voltados para um planejamento de políticas públicas eficazes que contemplem as demandas dessas mulheres e de todos que fazem parte daquela comunidade.
Validity and reliability of the German multidimensional fatigue inventory in spinal muscular atrophy
Authors: Binz Camilla , Osmanovic Alma , Thomas Nele H. , Stolte Benjamin , Freigang Maren , Cordts Isabell , Griep Ramona , Uzelac Zeljko , Wurster Claudia D. , Kamm Christoph , Siegler Hannah A. , Wieselmann Gary , Hermann Andreas , Lingor Paul , Deschauer Marcus , Ludolph Albert C. , Meyer Thomas , Günther René , Hagenacker Tim , Petri Susanne , Schreiber‐Katz Olivia 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectiveFatigue is a common and burdensome symptom of spinal muscular atrophy. Given its complex interactions, different dimensions of fatigue need to be investigated. The Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory is a widely used instrument that captures five distinct dimensions. The aim of this study was to investigate the validity and reliability of the German Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory in spinal muscular atrophy and to evaluate the presence of clinically relevant fatigue.MethodsOne hundred and forty adult spinal muscular atrophy patients completed the Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory in a nationwide, multicenter, cross‐sectional study. Structural validity was explored using principal component analysis. Cronbach’s α was calculated to evaluate internal consistency. Convergent validity was assessed by correlation with a Visual Analog Scale for fatigue and the EuroQol‐Five Dimension‐Five Level Scale as a measure of quality of life.ResultsThe original five‐component model of the questionnaire constituted an acceptable fit. Internal consistency and convergent validity of general, physical, mental fatigue, and reduced activity were good. We observed a floor effect for mental fatigue. While physical fatigue exceeded the cutoff for clinically relevant fatigue, all dimensions but reduced motivation correlated negatively with quality of life. Age, depression, and ≥4 copies of the survival motor neuron 2 gene were associated with higher general/physical fatigue; unemployed participants reported higher scores for reduced activity/motivation.InterpretationThe Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory is a valid and reliable instrument to assess different dimensions of fatigue in spinal muscular atrophy. Fatigue is a relevant problem in spinal muscular atrophy and its assessment should be incorporated into standard care.
Self‐Plugging Microneedle (SPM) for Intravitreal Drug Delivery
Authors: Lee KangJu , Park SeungHyun , Jo Dong Hyun , Cho Chang Sik , Jang Ha Young , Yi Jiyeon , Kang Minkyung , Kim Jaeho , Jung Ho Yun , Kim Jeong Hun , Ryu WonHyoung , Khademhosseini Ali 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIntravitreal injection (IVI) is a common technology which is used to treat ophthalmic diseases inside eyeballs by delivering various drugs into the vitreous cavity using hypodermic needles. However, in some cases, there are possible side effects such as ocular tissue damage due to repeated injection or eyeball infection through the hole created during the needle retraction process. The best scenario of IVI is a one‐time injection of drugs without needle retraction, keeping the system of the eyeball closed. Microneedles (MNs) have been applied to ocular tissues over 10 years, and no serious side effects on ocular tissue due to MN injection have been reported. Therefore, a self‐plugging MN (SPM) is developed to perform intraocular drug delivery and to seal the scleral puncture simultaneously. The SPMs are fabricated by a thermal drawing process and then coated with a polymeric carrier of drugs and a hydrogel‐based scleral plugging component. Each coated functional layer is characterized and demonstrated by in vitro and ex vivo experiments. Finally, in vivo tests using a porcine model confirms prompt sealing of SPM and sustained intraocular drug delivery.
A Facile and Universal Method for Preparing Polyethylene Glycol‐Metal Hybrid Nanoparticles and Their Application in Tumor Theranostics
Authors: Chen Zefeng , Zeng Yaoxun , Chen Niping , Zhang Mingxia , Wang Yakun , Pan Zhenxing , Yuan Jiongpeng , Ye Zhaoyi , Li Xiaojing , Bian Wangqing , Li Haihong , Zhang Kun , He Yan , Liu Xujie 
Published: February 2022

AbstractMetal ions are of widespread interest owing to their brilliant biomedical functions. However, a simple and universal nanoplatform designed for assembling a range of functional metal ions has not been explored. In this study, a concept of polyethylene glycol (PEG)‐mediated transport of metal ions is proposed. 31 types of PEG‐metal hybrid nanoparticles (P‐MNPs) are successfully synthesized through anionic ring‐opening polymerization (ROP), “thiol‐ene” click reaction, and subsequent incorporation with multiple metal ions. Compared with other methods, the facile method proposed in this study can provide a feasible approach to design MNPs (mostly <200 nm) containing different metal ions and thus to explore their potential for cancer theranostics. As a proof‐of‐concept demonstration, four types P‐MNPs, i.e., PEG‐metal hybrid copper nanoparticles (PEG‐Cu NPs), ruthenium nanoparticles (PEG‐Ru NPs), and manganese nanoparticles (PEG‐Mn NPs) or gadolinium nanoparticles (PEG‐Gd NPs), are proven to be tailored for chemodynamic therapy, photothermal therapy, and magnetic resonance imaging of tumors, respectively. Overall, this study provides several metal ions‐based nanomaterials with versatile functions for broad applications in cancer theranostics. Furthermore, it offers a promising tool that can be utilized for processing other metal‐based nanoparticles and exploring their potential in the biomedical field.
Peri‐Acenoacene for Solution Processed Distributed Feedback Laser: The Effect of 1,2‐Oxaborine Doping
Authors: Gu Yanwei , Muñoz‐Mármol Rafael , Fan Wei , Han Yi , Wu Shaofei , Li Zhengtao , Bonal Víctor , Villalvilla José M. , Quintana José A. , Boj Pedro G. , Díaz‐García María A. , Wu Jishan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractZigzag edged nanographenes such as peri‐acenoacenes are promising materials for organic lasers, but the effects of heteroatom doping on the electronic properties and gain medium performance remain unclear. Herein, the facile synthesis of a new 1,2‐oxaborine (BO) doped peri‐tetracenotetracene derivative, the bis(1,2‐oxaborine)peri‐tetracenotetracene (BOTT‐Mes), is reported. X‐ray crystallographic analysis confirms the BO‐doped planar structure and the nonexistence of intermolecular π–π stacking in solid state. Compared with the all‐carbon peri‐tetracenotetracene derivative (TT‐Ar), the BO‐doped BOTT‐Mes exhibits more disrupted π‐conjugation at the BO sites, a lower‐lying highest occupied molecular orbital, and a larger energy gap. Due to its rigid skeleton and nonaggregative feature, it displays well‐resolved absorption and emission spectra with a small Stokes shift (8 nm) and high photoluminescence quantum yield (80%) when it is dispersed in a polystyrene (PS) thin film. Notably, 1,2‐oxaborine doping improves the film amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) performance, with a lower ASE threshold (Eth‐ASE = 66 µJ cm–2) as compared to the TT‐Ar doped PS film (Eth‐ASE = 100 µJ cm–2). Furthermore, a low threshold (22 µJ cm–2) solution‐processed distributed feedback laser is fabricated, indicating the feasibility of using BOTT‐Mes as gain medium for practical laser applications.
In Situ Construction a Stable Protective Layer in Polymer Electrolyte for Ultralong Lifespan Solid‐State Lithium Metal Batteries
Authors: Zhang Dechao , Liu Zhengbo , Wu Yiwen , Ji Shaomin , Yuan Zhanxiang , Liu Jun , Zhu Min 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSolid‐state lithium metal batteries (SLMBs) are attracting enormous attention due to their enhanced safety and high theoretical energy density. However, the alkali lithium with high reducibility can react with the solid‐state electrolytes resulting in the inferior cycle lifespan. Herein, inspired by the idea of interface design, the 1‐butyl‐1‐methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide as an initiator to generate an artificial protective layer in polymer electrolyte is selected. Time‐of‐flight secondary ion mass spectrometry and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy reveal the stable solid electrolyte interface (SEI) is in situ formed between the electrolyte/Li interface. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images demonstrate that the constructed SEI can promote homogeneous Li deposition. As a result, the Li/Li symmetrical cells enable stable cycle ultralong‐term for over 4500 h. Moreover, the as‐prepared LiFePO4/Li SLMBs exhibit an impressive ultra‐long cycle lifespan over 1300 cycles at 1 C, as well as 1600 cycles at 0.5 C with a capacity retention ratio over 80%. This work offers an effective strategy for the construction of the stable electrolyte/Li interface, paving the way for the rapid development of long lifespan SLMBs.
Economics of reducing Palmer amaranth seed production in dicamba/glufosinate/glyphosate‐resistant soybean
Authors: Striegel Adam , Jhala Amit J. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIncreased prevalence of glyphosate‐resistant (GR) weeds within agronomic cropping systems has led to the readoption of pre‐emergence (PRE) herbicides and use of multiple herbicide‐resistant soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] cultivars. Herbicide programs were evaluated in the recently commercialized dicamba/glyphosate/glufosinate‐resistant (DGGR) soybean for weed control, reduction of Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri S. Watson) seed production, crop safety, and economic performance. At 35 days after pre‐emergence herbicides, acetochlor plus dicamba plus metribuzin, acetochlor/fomesafen plus dicamba, dicamba plus flumioxazin, and imazethapyr/pyroxasulfone/saflufenacil provided 80–99% control of velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti Medik.), Palmer amaranth, common lambsquarters (Chenopodium album L.), and Poaceae species. Evaluation at 14 days after early postemergence herbicides indicated PRE followed by (fb) POST applications of mixtures of acetochlor, dicamba, glufosinate, and glyphosate provided 80–99% weed control compared with 67–93% control in POST‐only programs. Most herbicide programs provided 83–99% control of grass and broadleaf weeds, with 85–91% weed biomass reductions at 28 days after late‐POST. The PRE fb POST programs reduced Palmer amaranth seed production by 94–99%, whereas POST‐only programs provided 75–83% reduction. In 2020, most programs provided gross profit margins ≥US$1,000 ha−1, with glufosinate fb glufosinate and imazethapyr/pyroxasulfone/saflufenacil fb acetochlor plus glufosinate providing $1,481 and $1,466 ha−1, respectively. Benefit/cost ratios ranged between 0.3 and 3.9 in 2019 due to hail but increased to 2.9–10.9 in 2020. Results of this study support use of PRE herbicides with multiple sites of action in DGGR soybean and indicate that glufosinate can provide POST control of GR Palmer amaranth.
Surrogate‐based optimization of a periodic rescheduling algorithm
Authors: Ikonen Teemu J. , Heljanko Keijo , Harjunkoski Iiro 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPeriodic rescheduling is an iterative method for real‐time decision‐making on industrial process operations. The design of such methods involves high‐level when‐to‐schedule and how‐to‐schedule decisions, the optimal choices of which depend on the operating environment. The evaluation of the choices typically requires computationally costly simulation of the process, which—if not sufficiently efficient—may result in a failure to deploy the system in practice. We propose the continuous control parameter choices, such as the re‐optimization frequency and horizon length, to be determined using surrogate‐based optimization. We demonstrate the method on real‐time rebalancing of a bike sharing system. Our results on three test cases indicate that the method is useful in reducing the computational cost of optimizing an online algorithm in comparison to the full factorial sampling.