bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic characterization of two North Italian villages: A story of isolation, ancient admixture, and genetic drift
Authors: Mezzavilla Massimo , Cocca Massimiliano , Maisano Delser Pierpaolo , Francescatto Margherita , de Gemmis Paola , Segat Daniela , Cattelan Paola , Da Meda Marina , Magnini Luigi , Bettineschi Cinzia , de Guio Armando , Gasparini Paolo 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectivesPopulation isolates represent a focus of interest because of their particular genetic history and the possibility of mapping peculiar deleterious variants. Here we investigated the pattern of genetic variation in two North Italian villages: Rotzo (RTZ) and Stoccareddo (STC), in the Asiago plateau.Materials and methodsWe genotyped over 800 individuals for more than 600.000 markers. We investigated the isolation level by analyzing runs of homozygosity (ROH) and the level of population structure. Then we estimated the time of admixture and the relationship between ancient genomes and these two villages. Finally, we looked at the effect of genetic drift on deleterious variants.ResultsWe highlighted a different isolation level between RTZ and STC; despite the average number of ROH being similar between the two villages, RTZ shows a higher level of total homozygosity. We estimated, from different sources, that the time of admixture for the ancestors of these two populations was between 113 and 88 generations ago.We discovered that a deleterious variant in MCUB gene (rs78025076), which is linked to several lipid traits, is entirely absent in RTZ and at 1%frequency in STC. In contrast, the risk allele frequency is 2% in Europe and 2.4% in North‐East Italy.DiscussionThese results show the importance of a genetic characterization of geographically isolated populations. Their vast array of past history could highlight specific events in the past and help describe deleterious variants and traits distribution in different regions.
A Universal Photoactivatable Tag Attached to Fluorophores Enables Their Use for Single‐Molecule Imaging
Authors: Zhang Xuebo , Guan Daoming , Liu Yawei , Liu Jinyang , Sun Kuangshi , Chen Song , Zhang Yanxin , Zhao Bingjie , Zhai Tianli , Zhang Yunxiang , Li Fuyou , Liu Qian 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSingle molecule localization microscopy based on photoactivation is a powerful tool for investigating the ultrastructure of cells. We developed a general strategy for photoactivatable fluorophores, using 2,3‐dihydro‐1,4‐oxathiine group (SO) as a tag to attach to various skeletal structures, including coumarin, BODIPY, rhodamine, and cyanine. The conjugation of SO resulted in a significant loss of fluorescence due to photoinduced electron transfer (PeT). Under the irradiation of excitation light, singlet oxygen generated by the fluorophores converted the SO moiety into its ester derivative, terminated the PeT process, and restored the fluorescence. Single molecule localization imaging was achieved using a dual functional illuminating beam in the visible, acting as both the activating and the exciting source. We successfully applied these photoactivatable probes for time‐lapse super‐resolution tracking in living cells and super‐resolution imaging of microtubule structures in neurons.
Thiolated, Reduced Palladium Nanoclusters with Resolved Structures for the Electrocatalytic Reduction of Oxygen
Authors: Zhuang Shengli , Chen Dong , You Qing , Fan Wentao , Yang Jun , Wu Zhikun 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAlthough thiolated, reduced Group 11 metal nanoclusters with atomic monodispersity have been repeatedly reported in the past decade, their Pd analogues have not been reported thus far. In this work, we provide a resolution for the challenging synthesis and obtain for the first time an atomically monodisperse thiolated, reduced Pd (q=+0.75) nanocluster with a di‐tetrahedron Pd8kernel and a +3 charged interstitial B atom, as revealed by ESI‐MS, SCXRD, etc. μ‐6 B is found for the first time in Group 10 and 11 metal nanoclusters. More importantly, the as‐obtained Pd nanoclusters show better catalytic activity compared to 1.4 nm Pd nanoparticles, Pd2complexes and even a commercial Pt/C catalyst for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), having significant implications for the influence of the metal charge state and space structure on the catalytic activity.
Characterization and fabrication of poly(butylene adipate‐co‐terephthalate)/nanocrystalline cellulose composite membranes for heavy metal ion separation
Authors: Kian Lau Kia , Jawaid Mohammad , Mahmoud Mohamed H. , Saba Naheed , Fouad Hassan , Alothman Othman Y. , Vaseashta Ashok 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe purpose of this work was to produce poly(butylene adipate‐co‐terephthalate) (PBAT) membranes packed with nanocrystalline cellulose (NCCs) using an phase inversions technique induced by water vapor and crystallization. Four membranes containing NCCs at concentrations ranging from 0% to 3% were produced and characterized utilizing a variety of materials research techniques. The 3% NCC‐filled membrane exhibited a conspicuous and well‐assimilated polymeric structure during morphological testing. Meanwhile, increasing the NCCs from 0% to 3% loadings may enhance membrane porosity while simultaneously decreasing pore size. The thermal resistance of the clean membrane was boosted significantly by a 1% NCC loading, but dropped significantly with 2% and 3% NCC loadings owing to the blazing behavior of sulfated nanocellulose. Additionally, when compared to other samples, the membrane with a 3% NCC loading exhibited the highest mechanical characteristics for Young's modulus (3.34 GPa), elongation at break (9.7%), and tensile strength (32.9 MPa). The continuous operation test revealed that a 3% NCC loaded membrane had maximum removal effectiveness for metal ions of chromium with 92% and manganese with 90%. Hence, the NCCs‐filled PBAT composite membranes have high potential for treatment of wastewater streams in the future.
Tubulin deacetylase NDST3 modulates lysosomal acidification: Implications in neurological diseases
Authors: Tang Qing , Li Xiangning , Wang Jiou 
Published: September 2022

AbstractNeurological diseases (NDs), featured by progressive dysfunctions of the nervous system, have become a growing burden for the aging populations. N‐Deacetylase and N‐sulfotransferase 3 (NDST3) is known to catalyze deacetylation and N‐sulfation on disaccharide substrates. Recently, NDST3 is identified as a novel deacetylase for tubulin, and its newly recognized role in modulating microtubule acetylation and lysosomal acidification provides fresh insights into ND therapeutic approaches using NDST3 as a target. Microtubule acetylation and lysosomal acidification have been reported to be critical for activities in neurons, implying that the regulators of these two biological processes, such as the previously known microtubule deacetylases, histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) and sirtuin 2 (SIRT2), could play important roles in various NDs. Aberrant NDST3 expression or tubulin acetylation has been observed in an increasing number of NDs, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia (ALS/FTD), schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, Alzheimer's disease (AD), and Parkinson's disease (PD), suggesting that NDST3 is a key player in the pathogenesis of NDs and may serve as a target for development of new treatment of NDs.
The counselor education experiences of foreign‐born faculty: Teaching multicultural counseling
Authors: Luo Ye , Cartwright Angie D. , Hecht Liesl , Morris Hailey , Quinn Carol 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe explored the experiences of eight foreign‐born faculty who taught multicultural counseling courses and found six themes related to intersectionality, negative experiences, and environmental factors. Implications for this study include suggestions for supporting foreign‐born faculty on environmental, departmental, and interpersonal levels.
Charakterisierung und Qualitätssicherung von Oberflächenvorbehandlungen auf Kunststoffbauteilen
Authors: Heilig Michael , Kraus Eduard , Hochrein Thomas , Bastian Martin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMit dem Ziel der Benetzungs‐, Adhäsions‐ und Langzeitstabilitätssteigerung werden auf Kunststoffoberflächen oft Vorbehandlungen für Lackier‐ und Klebprozesse durchgeführt. Aufgrund der Vielzahl an verfügbaren Charakterisierungsverfahren von aktivierten Kunststoffoberflächen wird ein Überblick über etablierte Charakterisierungsmöglichkeiten gegeben, die sich zum Einstellen von Prozessen oder der Qualitätssicherung eignen. Zudem werden neue vielversprechende Forschungsansätze zur flächigen und zerstörungsfreien Qualitätskontrolle von aktivierten Kunststoffoberflächen diskutiert.
Intrusion detection framework using auto‐metric graph neural network optimized with hybrid woodpecker mating and capuchin search optimization algorithm in IoT network
Authors: Govindaraju Shanthi , Vinisha Wilson Vimala Rani , Shajin Francis H. , Sivasakthi D. Adhimuga 
Published: September 2022

SummaryIntrusion detection systems (IDSs) are the major component of safe network. Due to the high volume of network data, the false alarm report of intrusion to the network and intrusion detection accuracy is the problem of these security systems. The reliability of Internet of Things (IoT) connected devices based on security model is employed to protect user data and preventing devices from engaging in malicious activity. In this article, intrusion detection framework using auto‐metric graph neural network optimized with hybrid woodpecker mating and capuchin search optimization algorithm in IoT Network (IDF‐AGNN‐HYB‐WMA‐CSOA‐ IoT) is proposed. Initially the attacks affected in the IoT data is taken from the dataset such as CSIC 2010 dataset, ISCXIDS2012 dataset, then these data are preprocessed and the features are extracted to remove the redundant information using improved random forest with local least squares. Then the malicious attacks and the normal attacks are classified using the auto‐metric graph neural network. At last hybrid woodpecker mating and capuchin search optimization algorithm (Hyb‐WMA‐CSOA) is utilized to optimize the weight parameters of AGNN. The performance of ISCXIDS2012 dataset of the proposed method shows higher accuracy 25.37%, 29.57%, and 18.67%, compared with existing methods, such as IDF‐ANN‐IoT, IDF‐BMM‐IoT and IDF‐DNN‐IoT respectively.
On the Radical‐Induced Degradation of Quaternary Ammonium Cations for Anion‐Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells and Electrolyzers
Authors: Nemeth Tamas , Nauser Thomas , Gubler Lorenz 
Published: September 2022

AbstractFour benzylic‐type quaternary ammonium (QA) compounds with different electron density at the phenyl group were evaluated for their susceptibility against degradation by radicals. Time‐resolved absorption spectroscopy indicated that radicals with oxidizing and reducing character were formed upon oxidation by HO⋅ and O⋅− (conjugate base of HO⋅). It was estimated that, dependent on the QA, 18–41 % of the formed radicals were oxidizing with standard electrode potentials (E0) above 0.276 V and 13–23 % exceeded 0.68 V, while 13–48 % were reducing with E0<−0.448 V. The stability of these model compounds against oxidation and reductive dealkylation was evaluated at both neutral and strongly alkaline conditions, pH 14. Under both conditions, electron‐donating groups promoted radical degradation, while electron‐withdrawing ones increased stability. Therefore, durability against radical‐induced degradation shows an opposite trend to alkaline stability and needs to be considered during the rational design of novel anion‐exchange membranes for fuel cells and electrolyzers.
A 12.5 Gb/s 0.13‐μm CMOS inductorless transimpedance amplifier with 1 pF input capacitance for optical communications
Authors: Parapari Elmira Semsar , Parapari Ehsan Semsar , Koozehkanani Ziaddin Daie , Toofan Siroos 
Published: September 2022

SummaryThis paper proposes an inductorless fully differential transimpedance amplifier (TIA) with a single‐ended photo current to offer high bandwidth for applications of beyond 10 Gb/s optical communications. The presented TIA provides a much lower input impedance by modifying the cross‐coupled regulated cascode (CC‐RGC) configuration. The introduced method is able to enhance the bandwidth in the presence of wide range of input photodiode capacitance from small to large values, with a negligible increase in the peaking of frequency response. The proposed circuit is designed and simulated using the TSMC 130‐nm CMOS technology to validate the proposed technique. The post‐layout simulation results show that the TIA delivers a transimpedance gain of 46.5 dB
, a bandwidth of 8.8 GHz, and an input‐referred current noise of 33 pA/√Hz. The circuit occupies an active area of 0.004 mm2 and consumes 9.8 mW from a 1.3 V supply. Furthermore, the robustness of the proposed TIA is verified by means of the Monte Carlo simulations.
Role of extracorporeal photopheresis in the management of children with graft‐vs‐host disease
Authors: Asensi Cantó Pedro , Sanz Caballer Jaime , Fuentes Socorro Carolina , Solves Alcaína Pilar , Lloret Madrid Pilar , Solís Ruíz Jürgen , Torres Guerola Bárbara , de la Rubia Comos Javier , Fernández Navarro José María , Gómez‐Seguí Ines 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIntroductionGraft‐vs‐host disease (GVHD) is a frequent cause of morbidity and mortality in allogeneic stem cell transplants. Extracorporeal photopheresis (ECP) is one of the most accepted second‐line treatments, but technical issues of ECP in children might be prohibitive.Materials and MethodsPatients under 18 y of age with corticodependant or corticorefractory GVHD receiving ECP at our hospital were included in this retrospective study. ECP was performed with an in‐line system (CellExTherakos) in 2013‐2014 and with an off‐line system (Spectra Optia) from 2015 onwards. Cumulative incidence curves were obtained to compare ECP efficacy among patients grouped by different baseline, apheresis, and disease characteristics. Significant variables on univariate analysis (Gray's test) were pooled into a multivariate analysis (Fine‐Gray proportional hazard regression for competing events).ResultsA total of 701 ECP sessions were performed on 33 patients between October 2013 and December 2021. In total, 97% of the sessions could be executed. In 8% of the sessions an incident was detected, most of them mild and related to catheter dysfunction. With a median follow‐up for alive patients of 33.6 mo (range, 8‐95), the composite partial and complete response cumulative incidence was 70% (95% confidence interval, 51%‐82%) and the median time to maximal response was 2.8 mo (range, 0.25‐9.8). Significantly lower response ratios were found in patients with hepatic, gastrointestinal, acute, or severe GVHD. The only variable that influenced response on multivariate analysis was GVHD severity.DiscussionECP is feasible, safe, and effective for pediatric patients with corticorefractory or corticodependant GVHD, offering a less toxic and nonimmunosuppressive treatment option.
Fabrication of superhydrophobic CoFe2O4/polyaniline/covalent organic frameworks/cotton fabric membrane and evaluation of its efficiency in separation of olive oil from water
Authors: Elmi Fard Narges , Fazaeli Reza 
Published: September 2022

AbstractFerrite cobalt (CoFe2O4)/polyaniline (PANI)/covalent organic frameworks (COF) composite was prepared. The prepared composite was coated on cotton fabric using dip‐coating method. Contact angle (CA) and adsorption capacity were investigated to evaluate the hydrophobicity and to measure the adsorption capacity of olive oil by the uncoated cotton fabric (UC) and coated cotton (CC) fabric membranes with particles. Examination of wettability behavior showed that CoFe2O4/PANI/COF/cotton fabric (CPCC) membrane with a CA of 159.4° is superhydrophobic. Effective parameters such as composite dose (g), oil/water (O/W) ratio (ml), pH, and temperature (°C) on the olive oil from water separation process were studied. The results showed that the coated membrane with a composite dose concentration 0.1 g, O/W ratio of 100/150 ml, pH equal to 7 and temperature of 25°C has separation efficiency of 99.99% for 8 s. According to the results, the highest flux obtained is about above 48,000 Lm−2 h−1.
Characteristics of wind speeds and outdoor thermal sensation considering the effect of wind speeds: An analysis based on hourly data from 1995 to 2021 in Poland
Authors: Sachindra D. A. , Nowosad M. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this study, characteristics of 10 m height wind speeds (Wsp10) and outdoor human thermal sensation taking wind speeds into account were studied over the period 1995–2021 considering 43 stations in Poland. For estimating hourly Wsp10 from wind speeds measured at different heights, first, the power law exponent was calculated using hourly 10 and 100 m wind speeds obtained from the ERA5 reanalysis project. The power law exponent was much smaller over the Baltic Sea compared to that over Poland. The power law exponent was often larger than 1/7 in Poland, and it varied spatiotemporally. During the period 1995–2021, at 19 of the 43 stations statistically significant monotonic linear trends were observed in Wsp10. It is speculated that land use changes may be one of the causes of these trends in Wsp10, although the land use–Wsp10 relationship was not straightforward. In all seasons, at all stations, except at Kasprowy Wierch (the most elevated station) daytime Wsp10 was higher than the night‐time wind speed. In winter and autumn, the highest Wsp10 occurred around 1300 UTC. In spring and summer, the highest Wsp10 occurred after 1300 UTC. This was probably because in spring and summer the peak temperature occurs later. In all seasons, low/high Wsp10 values were more/less frequent. According to the Beaufort scale and the Parczewski scale, it was understood that both low and high extreme wind conditions have reduced over the period 1995–2021. The Effective Temperature scale indicated increasing/decreasing monotonic linear trends in relatively warm/cold thermal sensation categories. The Wind Chill Temperature exposure risk scale indicated decreasing monotonic linear trends in wind chill. The rising temperature and declining frequency of strong winds are seen as the main causes of these trends.
Polyethylene terephthalate‐polyethylene naphthalte copolymer films with high oxygen barrier properties via in‐situ polymerization with hydroxy‐terminated polybutadiene
Authors: Quan Li‐Jun , Liu Zhen‐Guo , Zhang Qiu‐Yu , Li Zhong‐Ming , Chen Yan‐Hui 
Published: September 2022

AbstractA series of polyethylene terephthalate‐polyethylene naphthalate (PETN) copolymer films with excellent oxygen barrier properties were prepared by introducing trace amounts of hydroxy‐terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) into PETN via in‐situ polymerization. The PETN‐HTPB copolymer films had strong oxygen scavengering capability. Due to the reaction of HTPB with oxygen, highly dense oxidized layers were formed. The introduction of HTPB also enhanced the nucleation of the PETN and increased crystallinity. The stronger oxygen scavenging capacity, the formation of the oxidized layer, and the increased crystallinity together greatly improved the oxygen barrier performance of the PETN‐HTPB films. When the HTPB content was only 1.0 wt%, the oxygen permeability of the films was as low as 18.2 cc mil m−2 day−1 0.1 MPa−1, which was about 7.5 times lower than that of the pure PETN film. The maximum oxygen scavenging amount of the samples was 8.3 ml g−1. The lowering of the diffusion coefficient instead of lowering of solubility was the main contributor to the decreasing permeability coefficient of the PETN‐HTPB films. This work provides a new idea for the preparation of high oxygen barrier polyester materials with oxygen scavenging capability.
Effect of different type of organomontmorillonites on oxygen permeability of PLA‐based nanocomposites blown films
Authors: Adrar Salima , Ajji Abdellah 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this work, four different organomontmorillonites (OMMts): Nanomer® I.30E, Dellites® 43B and 67G and Nanolin® DK2 were selected to prepare OMMt–poly (lactic acid) (PLA) nanocomposites blown films, using a two‐step process. Three weight percentage of each OMMt was mixed with PLA in a twin‐screw extruder first and then those masterbatches were used to produce OMMt–PLA nanocomposites films using a single‐screw extruder. The degree of interaction between OMMts and PLA was quantified by determining the interaction energy density (β) from the Nishi‐Wang equation. The structure and dispersion of OMMts in the PLA matrix were examined using X‐ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy, showing that all nanocomposites, except D67G‐PLA, had intercalated structure with similar dispersion. Thermal stability and crystallinity of OMMt–PLA nanocomposites films were investigated by thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), respectively. Concern the oxygen permeability, a reduction was reported by all nanocomposites. Nevertheless, the rate of decrease is different, particularly with I.30E, DK2, and D43B that presented similar dispersion. This can be related to the difference of degree compatibility of these OMMt with PLA, as shows the values of interaction parameter. The optimum oxygen barrier performance was achieved by D43B that showed the best interactions with PLA.
Registration of two novel grain sorghum nuclear male sterile mutants: BTx623ms9‐1 and BTx623ms9‐3
Authors: Chen Junping , Laza Haydee , Burow Gloria , Hayes Chad , Burke J. J. , Emendack Yves , Xin Zhanguo 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe USDA‐ARS has released two new sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] nuclear male sterile (NMS) mutants, BTx623ms9‐1 (Reg. no. GS‐791, PI 699654) and BTx623ms9‐3 (Reg. no. GS‐792, PI 699655). Both mutants were isolated from an ethylmethane sulfonate mutagenized population developed in the inbred line BTx623 and displayed stable male sterility across two environments tested. The homozygous BTx623ms9 panicle produces normal ovaries but small pale‐colored anthers with no pollen grains, making it easy to identify the sterile from the fertile panicles at the start of anthesis. Other than male sterility, the ms9 mutants are indistinctive from BTx623 wild type in morphology and development. Analyses indicate that the male sterility in BTx623ms9 mutants is controlled by recessive mutations on a single nuclear gene and differs from those that are available in currently known NMS lines (ms1, ms2, ms3, ms7, and ms8). The BTx623ms9‐1 and the BTx623ms9‐3 mutants harbor a nonsynonymous mutation (R218A) and a knockout mutation in the gene Sobic.002G221000, respectively. The causal mutations can be used to design molecular markers for efficient introduction of the Ms9 mutations into other sorghum lines. These two released NMS lines segregate for 50% pure male sterile and 50% fertile (Ms9/ms9) plants and can be maintained by pollinating sterile panicles with the pollen of the fertile plants. The two mutants can serve as female parents to create new mapping populations for genetic analysis and for evaluation of experimental hybrids.