bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Food security status of patients with type 2 diabetes and their adherence to dietary counselling from selected hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Tezera Robel , Sahile Zekariyas , Yilma Delelegn , Misganaw Equilnet , Amare Endale , Haidar Jemal 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundEven though adherence to dietary counselling for patients with diabetes is essential for improving health and preventing complications, access to an adequate and quality diet is challenging for patients living in a food-insecure household. The availability of data in this regard is limited in Ethiopia. Thus, this study assessed the food security status of patients with type 2 diabetes, their adherence to dietary counselling, and contributing factors at public hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.MethodsThis was a facility-based cross-sectional study among 602 patients with Type 2 diabetes in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, from July to August 2019. Patients were selected randomly after the total number of samples was proportionally allocated to four public hospitals. Relevant information was collected by trained data collectors using a pre-tested questionnaire. Data were entered into Epi-info version 7 and exported to SPSS version 24 for data analysis. Logistic regression analysis was employed to identify factors associated with adherence to dietary counselling.ResultThe proportion of nonadherence to dietary counselling among patients with type 2 diabetes was 67.3% (95%CI: 63.5%-71.1%). Nearly half (50.7%) of the respondents were food insecure. Of these, mildly food insecure, moderately food insecure, and severely food insecure were 8.5%, 29.2%, and 13%, respectively. Physical activity (AOR = 1.7; 95%CI: 1.1–2.9); diabetes knowledge (AOR = 1.8; 95%CI: 1.2–2.6); lack of access to information (AOR = 1.6; 95%CI: 1.1–2.6); moderately food insecure (AOR = 2.2; 95%CI: 1.3–3.7); and severely food insecure (AOR = 5.6; 95%CI: 2.1–15.0) were the major significant factors associated with nonadherence to dietary counselling.ConclusionOver two-thirds of patients with diabetes did not adhere to dietary counselling, which appears high. As a result, improving diabetes education, information access, and food security status should be considered to ensure dietary counselling adherence among type 2 diabetes patients.
Clustering of health behaviors among Japanese adults and their association with socio-demographics and happiness
Authors: Satoh Miho 
Published: April 2022

Background
Scholars have associated happiness with health behaviors, which co-occur and exert synergistic effects. Therefore, identifying clusters of health behaviors and their effect on happiness can contribute to the development of strategies for promoting happiness and improving health behaviors.

Aim
This study aimed to examine clusters of health behaviors and their associations with socio-demographics and with happiness among Japanese adults.

Methods
This study used data from the Japanese Household Panel Survey and the Keio Household Panel Survey. Questionnaires were distributed to 4,993 households out of which 1,554 responses were analyzed (participants aged 27−65 years). The survey included health behaviors (alcohol consumption, smoking, vegetable and fruit consumption, breakfast-eating habits, and physical activities), happiness, and socio-demographics. Latent class analysis was conducted to identify the clusters, whereas latent regression was employed to investigate socio-demographics related to the clusters. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine the relation between happiness and the clusters.

Results
Two health behavior clusters were identified: Cluster 1 (low substance use and good dietary habit; n = 817; 52.3%) and Cluster 2 (high alcohol, poor nutrition, and inactive; n = 737; 47.7%). Latent regression analysis indicated that all socio-demographics, barring socioeconomic status, were significantly associated with the clusters. The “low substance use and good dietary habit” cluster was significantly related with higher odds of happiness (odds ratio = 1.425, 95% confidence interval = 1.146−1.772, p = 0.001).

Conclusions
This study identified health behavior clusters among Japanese adults and established the association between the “low substance use and good dietary habit” cluster and high levels of happiness. However, the causality of the relationship between health behavior and happiness remains unclear, which highlights the need for further research to elucidate the underlying mechanisms.
Temporal characteristics of aspiration pneumonia in elderly inpatients: From resumption of oral intake to onset
Authors: Furukawa Daisuke , Yamanaka Yoshitaka , Kasai Hajime , Urushibara Takashi , Ishiwata Tomokazu , Muranishi Sachiyo 
Published: April 2022

Background
Elderly inpatients who develop fevers after resumption of oral intake are often considered to have aspiration pneumonia (AP) and be tentatively fasted. Fasting has been associated with prolonged hospital stays and decreased swallowing ability. The purpose of this study was to compare AP and other infections after resumption of oral intake in elderly inpatients and to identify the clinical characteristics.

Patients and methods
The records of patients who were admitted to a public tertiary hospital and referred for evaluation of swallowing disability were retrospectively reviewed to identify those who had developed AP, non-AP, or urinary tract infection (UTI) after resumption of oral intake. Eligible patients were enrolled consecutively in the study. The patient characteristics, physical findings, laboratory data, oral intake status at the time of onset of symptoms, and rate of discontinuation of oral intake after onset of infection were compared between the three types of infection.

Results
A total of 193 patients developed an infectious illness after resuming oral intake. Among them, 114 patients had a diagnosis of AP (n = 45), non-AP (n = 24), or UTI (n = 45). There were no significant differences in patient characteristics, physical findings or laboratory data between the group with AP and the other two groups. AP developed at a median of 6 (range 1–16) days after resumption of oral intake. The rate of discontinuation of oral intake was 91.1% in the AP group, 58.3% in the non-AP group, and 26.7% in the UTI group, respectively.

Conclusion
Infectious diseases other than AP should be considered in the differential diagnosis when nosocomial fever develops in elderly inpatients more than 17 days after resuming oral intake. Furthermore, nosocomial fever after resuming oral intake has many causes other than AP, and discontinuation of oral intake should be carefully considered.
Construction and Visualization of the Ontology of the Educational Course for the Digital Information Space of the University
Authors: Polovikova O.N. , Shiryaev V.V. , Kozlov D.S. 
Published: April 2022

Despite the significant volume of educational courses published on the university's information portals, there is no full or partial mechanism for obtaining the necessary information in one place and an accessible form. Each course is a separate resource, without the ability to build logical connections (navigational transitions) between adjacent or sequential courses and courses of the same thematic cluster or subject area. The lack of systematization of e-courses does not allow realizing a full-fledged contextual search and navigation between related resources.
Within the framework of this study, the problem of constructing and presenting an ontology of an electronic course is considered. Applied solutions to this problem will significantly increase the constructiveness of existing services for working with training courses and provide a new set of opportunities based on the systematization of knowledge. As a structure of knowledge representation, it is proposed to use a structured set of concepts (terms) that describe the theoretical and practical aspects of the electronic course. Such a domain ontology is represented as a semantic network, which can be visualized by a specialized software tool or using a graphical library, for example, d3 for the JavaScript language.
Dysphagia and Odynophagia in a Cardiac Transplant Patient: A Case of Mycophenolic Acid–Induced Esophagitis and Esophageal Stricture
Authors: Schell Trevor L. , Lindholm Christopher R. , Grimes Ian 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT
Mycophenolic acid (MPA) is associated with many gastrointestinal (GI) side effects that vary in severity and location. Upper GI effects have previously been attributed to topical mucosal irritation similar to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug pathology. We describe a case of severe MPA-induced esophagitis complicated by esophageal stricture in a patient receiving multiple formulations of MPA, including oral enteric-coated mycophenolate sodium and mycophenolate mofetil administered both intravenous and by J-tube. Endoscopy revealed complete resolution of esophagitis following discontinuation of all MPA formulations, demonstrating that upper GI toxicity may occur because of local and systemic effects.
Silent Kawasaki Disease Affecting Multiple Coronary Arteries in a 39-Year-Old Egyptian Woman
Authors: Singab Hamdy , Sami Gamal , Tag El Sabah Mahmoud 
Published: April 2022

Kawasaki disease, an acute febrile illness, can cause vasculitis in the coronary arteries. It is the chief acquired cause of myocardial infarction and sudden cardiac death in infants, children, and young adults in developed countries. We report a case of chronic, silent Kawasaki disease complicated by multivessel thrombosis in a 39-year-old Egyptian woman. The patient presented with progressive, unstable angina but was otherwise asymptomatic and at negligible risk of ischemic heart disease. Coronary angiograms showed critical arterial stenosis with multiple aneurysms. During revascularization surgery, the patient's harvested left internal mammary artery was found to have occlusive lesions and aneurysmal areas that made it unfit for bypass grafting, and subsequent histopathologic examination revealed features characteristic of chronic Kawasaki disease–associated systemic vasculitis.
We think that this is only the second report of Kawasaki disease in the Arabian Mediterranean region. In addition to the patient's case, we discuss the epidemiology and management of Kawasaki disease, in hopes of increasing clinicians' awareness.
Standardization and Adaptation of International Franchising in Morocco: The case of fast food franchises
Authors: SAYL ZINEB 
Published: April 2022

This article aims to analyze the appropriate level of standardization and adaptation that has determined the success of international franchising in Moroccan market.
We propose a comparative study between two American fast food franchises: McDonald's and Subway. The success of McDonald's franchise and the failure of Subway franchise in Moroccan market, suppose that there are key factors to entry in this market. We therefore present a managerial and marketing analyze of each case to determine the appropriate level of standardization and adaptation.
The results indicate that the international franchise system maintains a high level of the standardization of the business package, it is also evident to modify the methods of operations and marketing mix strategy to adapting their products to specific behavior of the Moroccan consumer. Moreover, the results suggest that the McDonald's franchise adapts a higher level of adaptation than the subway to entry Morocco.
COMET
Authors: Jin Sian , Zhang Chengming , Jiang Xintong , Feng Yunhe , Guan Hui , Li Guanpeng , Song Shuaiwen Leon , Tao Dingwen 
Published: April 2022

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are becoming increasingly deeper, wider, and non-linear due to the growing demands on prediction accuracy and analysis quality. Training wide and deep neural networks require large amounts of storage resources such as memory because the intermediate activation data must be saved in the memory during forward propagation and then restored for backward propagation. However, state-of-the-art accelerators such as GPUs are only equipped with very limited memory capacities due to hardware design constraints, which significantly limits the maximum batch size and hence performance speedup when training large-scale DNNs. Traditional memory saving techniques either suffer from performance overhead or are constrained by limited interconnect bandwidth or specific interconnect technology.
In this paper, we propose a novel memory-efficient CNN training framework (called COMET) that leverages error-bounded lossy compression to significantly reduce the memory requirement for training in order to allow training larger models or to accelerate training. Our framework purposely adopts error-bounded lossy compression with a strict error-controlling mechanism. Specifically, we perform a theoretical analysis on the compression error propagation from the altered activation data to the gradients, and empirically investigate the impact of altered gradients over the training process. Based on these analyses, we optimize the error-bounded lossy compression and propose an adaptive error-bound control scheme for activation data compression. Experiments demonstrate that our proposed framework can significantly reduce the training memory consumption by up to 13.5X over the baseline training and 1.8X over another state-of-the-art compression-based framework, respectively, with little or no accuracy loss.
EMI in Chinese higher education: the Muddy water of ‘Englishisation’
Authors: McKinley Jim , Rose Heath , Curdt-Christiansen Xiao Lan 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
English in Chinese higher education has shifted from being taught as a foreign language alongside other disciplinary-focussed courses to becoming an important medium of instruction used for learning and teaching non-language related academic subjects. While using English medium instruction (EMI) seems a natural and neutral academic exercise, the switch has muddied the water of EMI implementation and caused a number of social and academic issues for both students and lecturers. These problems include unfair promotion opportunities, unequal access to EMI classes, inadequate learning outcomes, and poor teaching quality. This special issue builds on past and current EMI work that explores issues related to EMI implementation in Chinese higher education institutions and in classrooms. Through the selection of several empirical papers, the special issue shines light on current knowledge, policies and practices of EMI in China to pave the way for research-informed recommendations.
A posteriori error analysis of Banach spaces-based fully-mixed finite element methods for Boussinesq-type models
Authors: Gatica Gabriel N. , Inzunza Cristian , Ruiz-Baier Ricardo , Sandoval Felipe 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In this paper we consider Banach spaces-based fully-mixed variational formulations recently proposed for the Boussinesq and the Oberbeck–Boussinesq models, and develop reliable and efficient residual-based a posteriori error estimators for the 2D and 3D versions of the associated mixed finite element schemes. For the reliability analysis, we employ the global inf-sup condition for each sub-model, namely Navier–Stokes and heat equations in the case of Boussinesq, along with suitable Helmholtz decomposition in nonstandard Banach spaces, the approximation properties of the Raviart–Thomas and Clément interpolants, further regularity on the continuous solutions, and small data assumptions. In turn, the efficiency estimates follow from inverse inequalities and the localization technique through bubble functions in adequately defined local Lp spaces. Finally, several numerical results including natural convection in 3D differentially heated enclosures, are reported with the aim of confirming the theoretical properties of the estimators and illustrating the performance of the associated adaptive algorithm.
Well posedness of magnetohydrodynamic equations in 3D mixed-norm Lebesgue space
Authors: Liu Yongfang , Zhu Chaosheng 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we introduce a new metric space called the mixed-norm Lebesgue space, which allows its norm decay to zero with different rates as

∣
x
∣
→
∞

| x| \to \infty

in different spatial directions. Then we study the well posedness for the system of magnetohydrodynamic equations in 3D mixed-norm Lebesgue spaces. By using some fundamental analysis theories in mixed-norm Lebesgue space such as Young’s inequality, time decaying of solutions for heat equations, and the boundedness of the Helmholtz-Leray projection, we prove local well posedness and global well posedness of the solutions.
The role of prevoicing, breathy-voicing and aspiration in the perception of breathy-voiced stops in Bangla
Authors: Islam MD Jahurul 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This study investigated the role of prevoicing, breathy-voicing, and plain-aspiration in the perception of the voiced-aspirated stop category in Bangla. 31 native speakers of Bangla undertook two different perception experiments where they had to identify what stop category they can hear in forced-choice MCQ tasks. Each experiment presented 25 stimuli (repeated 3 times) that were artificially manipulated; stimuli in Experiment-1 were manipulated for the duration of prevoicing and breathy-interval, while stimuli in Experiment-2 were manipulated for the duration of prevoicing and plain-aspiration. A total of 4650 response tokens were collected in two experiments. Results revealed that a prevoicing interval of about 40ms and a breathy interval of about 20–40 ms are required for the perception of voiced-aspirates. In addition, listeners showed a clear preference for breathy-voicing over plain-aspiration when categorizing sounds as voiced-aspirated stop, indicating that breathy-voicing is perceived to be better associated with voiced-aspirates. Implications for the general phonetics of voiced-aspirates are discussed in the light of the results.
Sonochemistry of actinides: from ions to nanoparticles and beyond
Authors: Nikitenko Sergey I. , Virot Matthieu , Moisy Philippe 
Published: April 2022

AbstractSonochemistry studies chemical and physical effects in liquids submitted to power ultrasound. These effects arise not from a direct interaction of molecules with sound waves, but rather from the acoustic cavitation: the nucleation, growth, and implosive collapse of microbubbles in liquids submitted to power ultrasound. The violent implosion of bubbles leads to the formation of chemically reactive species. In principle, each cavitation bubble can be considered as a microreactor initiating chemical reactions at mild conditions. In addition, microjets and shock waves accompanied bubble collapse produce fragmentation, dispersion and erosion of solid surfaces or particles. Microbubbles oscillating in liquids also enable nucleation and precipitation of nanosized actinide compounds with specific morphology. This review focuses on the versatile sonochemical processes with actinide ions and particles in homogenous solutions and heterogenous systems. The redox reactions in aqueous solutions, dissolution or precipitation of refractory solids, synthesis of actinide nanoparticles, and ultrasonically driving decontamination are considered. The guideline for further research is also discussed.
Ganzheitlicher Ablaufplan für wissensgetriebene Projekte des maschinellen Lernens in der Produktion
Authors: Blum Anne , Wilhelm Yannick , Klein Steffen , Schnur Christopher , Reimann Peter , Müller Rainer , Schütze Andreas 
Published: April 2022

Zusammenfassung
Vermehrt werden Daten in der Produktion erfasst und mit Hilfe maschineller Lernverfahren ausgewertet. Ziel dieser Datenanalysen ist es, Informationen über die Produktion zu erhalten. Typische Anwendungsbeispiele sind die Vorhersage der Produktqualität sowie die vorausschauende Wartung und Instandhaltung. Allerdings führen Datenanalysen aufgrund der domänenspezifischen Herausforderungen häufig zu keinen ausreichenden Analyseergebnissen. Die Kombination von Datenanalysen mit Expertenwissen stellt hierbei einen vielversprechenden Ansatz zur Lösung der domänenspezifischen Problemstellungen dar. Dieser Beitrag stellt hierzu eine neue Vorgehensweise für die Durchführung von Projekten des maschinellen Lernens mit wissensbasierten Ansätzen in der Produktion vor. In einem Ablaufplan werden notwendige Schritte und die Beteiligung der entsprechenden Experten vorgestellt. Für die Nutzung von vorhandenem Domänenwissen in der Produktion werden in diesem Artikel verschiedene Methoden zur Wissensmodellierung aufgezeigt und diskutiert. Der Ablaufplan und die Methoden zur Wissensmodellierung werden anschließend am Beispiel einer servopneumatischen Schweißzange validiert.
Die spezialgesetzliche Prospekthaftung: Missverhältnis zwischen Anbieterhaftung und Anlegerschutz?
Authors: Buck-Heeb Petra , Dieckmann Andreas 
Published: April 2022

Zusammenfassung
Durch den jüngst vom XI. Zivilsenat statuierten Vorrang der spezialgesetzlichen gegenüber der bürgerlich-rechtlichen Prospekthaftung rückt insbesondere die spezialgesetzliche Prospekthaftung wegen unterlassener Prospektveröffentlichung in den Fokus von Anlegerprozessen. Dort kommt es aber wegen eines grundlegenden Missverständnisses der h. M. zu einer erheblichen Haftungsschieflage. Der vorliegende Beitrag räumt die Fehlvorstellungen der h. M. aus. Abzustellen ist auf ein einheitliches System der spezialgesetzlichen Prospekthaftung als Kapitalmarktinformationshaftung, das allein gleichermaßen eine ausgewogene Anbieterhaftung wie einen angemessenen Anlegerschutz gewährleistet.
Oncogenic osteomalacia/phosphaturic mesenchymal tumor: clinical case and literature review
Authors: Bulycheva I. V. , Rodionova S. S. , Karpenko V. Yu. , Kolondaev A. F. , Kozlova E. V. , Buklemishev Yu. E. 
Published: April 2022

Phosphaturic mesenchymal tumor inducing development of phosphopenic osteomalacia is manifested as deformations and multiple fractures of the bones which decreases patients’ quality of life and leads to disability. Insufficient awareness about this pathology among doctors and absence of symptoms allowing its diagnosis cause late diagnosis of the disease despite application of up-to-date high-tech diagnostic methods. The optimal treatment of phosphaturic mesenchymal tumors is radical resection. However, strong connection of the tumor with the surrounding tissues and, in many cases, absence of a capsule or sclerosis (if located in the bones) complicate surgery leading to high recurrence rate. Radical resection of phosphaturic mesenchymal tumors is especially complicated in cases of localization in complex anatomical areas of the lower limbs.The disease is characterized by long timespan between first clinical signs, diagnosis, and start of treatment (sometimes, several years). Diagnosis confirmation and visualization of the details of phosphaturic mesenchymal tumor requires magnetic resonance imaging. This method allows to examine connection between the tumor and surrounding tissues and the presence of a capsule. Magnetic resonance imaging also allows to accurately determine the area of surgical intervention. Radical tumor resection leads to normalization of blood and urine biochemistry in the span of several weeks. Restoration of bone density and muscle function requires 3–6 months after the operation.