bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Positivity‐preserving scheme without separated method for 2D convection–diffusion equations on polygonal meshes
Authors: Lan Bin , Li Haiyan , Dong Jianqiang 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe present a finite volume scheme for 2D steady convection–diffusion equations on arbitrary convex polygonal meshes. The method uses auxiliary unknowns on the cell‐edge and cell‐node of the mesh, and the continuous flux is computed to be a two‐point nonlinear flux. Since the transpose of the coefficient matrix is an M‐matrix, it is guaranteed that the scheme is positive. We propose a new strategy, which aims that providing a scheme without separated method to compute the value on the cell‐edge without previous reconstruct. Numerical results show that our scheme is positive on polygonal meshes for both diffusion‐dominated and convection‐dominated problems and has second‐order accuracy for solutions.
Understanding the role of parents' social connectedness in children's behavioral wellbeing in low‐income communities: A study protocol
Authors: Plesko Corinne M. , Tobin Karin , Gross Deborah 
Published: December 2022

AbstractGroup‐based parent‐training (PT) is one of the most common and well‐established approaches for strengthening parenting skills and reducing child behavior problems. When offered in school settings, the social connections formed among participants may generate additional benefits for parents, schools, and children. However, to date there has been limited research on the potential benefits or harms associated with social connectedness (SC) in group‐based PT. This paper describes the study protocol for an ongoing National Institute of Nursing Research‐funded mixed‐methods study that aims to examine the extent to which group‐based PT, delivered in elementary schools serving families from predominantly low‐resource communities, generates SC among parents and if SC is associated with greater (a) reduction in child behavior problems and (b) engagement in their child's education. Using a prospective descriptive design, the study is nested within an ongoing quasi‐experimental parent study evaluating the group‐based PT intervention, the Chicago Parent Program (CPP) in Baltimore City schools. Challenges for this study include recruitment and retention of parents with constraints caused by the COVID‐19 pandemic. The study uses multiple methods and informants to understand the potential mechanisms underlying PT group effects and results have the potential to serve as an important foundation for future studies focused on SC, its impacts on parent‐child outcomes in low‐resource settings, and strategies for strengthening SC in health promotion interventions.Patient or Public ContributionChicago Parent Program was developed with input from an advisory board of parents. Additionally, the parent study protocol was written and is co‐led in partnership with a community organization.
Extracranial germ cell tumours in children and adolescents: Results from the French TGM13 protocol
Authors: Faure‐Conter Cecile , Orbach Daniel , Sudour‐Bonnange Hélène , Verité Cecile , Mansuy Ludovic , Rome Angelique , Dumesnil Cecile , Thebaud Estelle , Renard Marleen , Hameury Frederic , Flechon Aude , Blanc Ellen , Dijoud Frederique , Fresneau Brice , Chabaud Sylvie 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundChemotherapy for non‐seminomatous germ cell tumours (NSGCT) exposes to dose‐dependent toxicities. The TGM13‐NS protocol (EudraCT 2013‐004039‐60) aimed to decrease the chemotherapy burden compared to the previous TGM95 protocol while maintaining the 5‐year event‐free survival (EFS) at 80% or more.ProcedurePatients less than 19 years of age with disseminated NSGCT were enrolled (May 2014 to May 2019) and stratified into four groups: two intermediate‐risk (IR: localised tumour with low tumour markers [TM]) groups treated with VBP (vinblastine–bleomycin–cisplatin): three courses for IR1 (ovarian tumour any age/testis tumour less than or equal to 10 years) and four courses for IR2 (extragonadal tumour 10 years or less) groups, and two high‐risk (HR: metastatic and/or high TM) groups treated with etoposide–cisplatin and either ifosfamide (VIP) or bleomycin (BEP): three courses for HR1 (ovarian tumour any age/testis tumour less than or equal to 10 years and low TM/testis tumour more than 10 years and very low TM) groups and four courses for HR2 (remainder) groups.ResultsOne hundred fifteen patients were included: median age of 12.8 years (0.4–18.9); tumour sites: 44 ovaries, 37 testes and 34 extragonadal. The 5‐year EFS and overall survival (OS) were 87% (95% CI: 80–92) and 95% (89–98), respectively (median follow‐up: 3.5 years, range: 0.2–5.9), similar to those of the TGM95 protocol (5‐year EFS 89% (84–93), 5‐year OS 93% (89–95), p = .561). The 5‐year EFS were 93% (95% CI: 80–98), 88% (71–95) and 79% (62–90) for ovarian, testicular and extragonadal tumours, respectively. The 5‐year EFS varied (p = .02) according to the risk groups: 90% (66–97), 64% (30–85), 95% (72–99) and 87% (74–94) for IR1, IR2, HR1 and HR2, respectively. TM decline adjusted to tumour site, and alpha‐fetoprotein (AFP) level revealed a prognostic impact of time to normalisation on EFS: HR = 1.03 (1.003–1.007).ConclusionRisk‐adapted and globally decreased chemotherapy burden maintains excellent outcomes, exclusive of the IR2 group, which warrants more intensive chemotherapy.
Tribological properties of cyclic phenylene sulfide heat‐treated carbon fiber/polyphenylene sulfide composites
Authors: Qiu Xiaotao , Gu Aiqun , Tang Siqi , Tang Wenjian , Yu Zili 
Published: December 2022

AbstractHigh‐performance self‐lubricating polyphenylene sulfide (PPS)/carbon fiber (CF) composites were obtained by treating the CF surface with heat‐treated cyclic phenylene sulfide oligomers (CPS). The influence of CPS treat conditions on the structure and properties such as mechanical and tribological performance of the composites were studied in detail. The results indicate that the PPS/CPS‐sized CF composites exhibit higher mechanical strength and better tribological performance than the PPS/original CF composites, especially under the condition of higher loads and speeds (300 N × 200 rpm and 200 N × 200 rpm). The performance enhancement is reasonably ascribed to the improved compatibility of the modified CF with the PPS matrix. Further structural analysis reveals that the modified CF treated at 300°C under N2(CF‐300N) has the most similar structure to the PPS matrix, which makes the comprehensive performances of PPS/CF‐300N composites superior to the products obtained under the other heat‐treatment conditions.
Nanotechnology approach for exploring the enhanced bioactivities, biochemical characterisation and phytochemistry of freshly prepared Mentha arvensis L. nanosuspensions
Authors: Sahar Pakiza , Ali Tayyab , Naeem Muhammad , Hussain Fatma 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIntroductionMentha arvensis L. is the most valuable medicinal plant that possesses anti‐inflammatory, hepatoprotective, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties. There are few studies available in the literature about M. arvensis L nanoparticles, but their nanosuspensions‐based information remains unclear and needs further study.ObjectiveThis study was designed to explore the nanotechnology approach for biochemical characterisation, enhanced bioactivities, and photochemistry of freshly prepared M. arvensis L. nanosuspensions.MethodologyNanosuspensions of M. arvensis L. leaves were prepared by following the nanoprecipitation method. In this study, we performed structural and biochemical characterisation through analyses of Fourier‐transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), phase contrast microscopy and enhanced bioactivities; antioxidant, alpha‐amylase inhibition, glycation inhibition and cytotoxicity assays.ResultsFTIR analysis revealed the presence of phenols, amines hydroxyl, carboxylic acid, alkenes, alkenes and alkynes. HPLC analysis revealed the presence of chlorogenic acid, a principal phenolic component. Biofilm inhibition activity revealed that the growth formation of Escherichia coli inhibited up to 62.4% and 53.35% by leaves extract and nanosuspension, respectively. However, the growth of Staphylococcus aureus was not inhibited by nanosuspension and extract. Nanosuspension and extract exhibited 155.92 mg, 108.11 mg gallic acids per 100 g of dry weight total phenolic content and 233.44 mg, 163.933 mg catechin per 100 g of dried weight total flavonoid content in extract and nanosuspension, respectively. Antioxidant activity revealed the scavenging potential of nanosuspensions and extract was 41.01% and 12.07%, respectively. Alpha‐amylase inhibiting activity of nanosuspension and extract was 36% and 33%, while, the antiglycation potential of nanosuspension and extract were 41.68% and 35.18%, respectively. Nanosuspensions and extract showed maximum hemolytic activity at 12.91% and 17.18%, respectively.ConclusionThese cost‐effective nanoformulations could serve as a platform for therapeutic purposes in controlling the high risk of infectious diseases and designing efficient plant nanosuspensions by discovering novel bioactive compounds in an adequate manner.
Comparison of Lycium barbarum fruits polysaccharide from different regions of China by acidic hydrolysate fingerprinting‐based HILIC‐ELSD‐ESI‐TOF‐MS combined with chemometrics analysis
Authors: Zhao Hengqiang , Wang Ling , Yu Yi , Yang Jian , Zhang Xiaobo , Zhao Zhiguo , Ma Fangli , Hu Minghua , Wang Xiao 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIntroductionLycium barbarum is an edible fruit widely used in herbal medicines and as a functional food. Polysaccharide is one of the most important active ingredients. Only L. barbarum grown in the Ningxia region of China are officially recognised as suitable for use in traditional Chinese medicine, but the systematic comparison of L. barbarum polysaccharide between Ningxia and the other growing regions of China has been rarely reported.ObjectiveTo compare the difference of L. barbarum polysaccharide from different grown regions of China.MethodsA chemical fingerprint of L. barbarum polysaccharide hydrolysates was established based on controlled acidolysis combined with hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography‐evaporative light scattering detection‐electrospray ionisation‐time‐of‐flight‐mass spectrometry (HILIC‐ELSD‐ESI‐TOF‐MS). Then, it was employed for the comparison of L. barbarum samples from different geographical origins of China combined with chemometrics analysis.ResultsSix monosaccharides [rhamnose (Rha), xylose (Xyl), arabinose (Ara), mannose (Man), glucose (Glu), galactose (Gal)] were qualitatively and quantitatively determined and four glycoconjugates were preliminarily identified from the hydrolysates. Content determination for the polysaccharide and monosaccharide indicated obvious geographical features. The HILIC‐ELSD fingerprint combined with partial least squares‐discriminant analysis (PLS‐DA) was able to differentiate L. barbarum samples from Ningxia, Xinjiang, Gansu and Qinghai regions with 89.19% classification accuracy. Orthogonal projection to latent structure discriminant analysis (OPLS‐DA) was able to differentiate between samples from Ningxia and those from the other three growing regions, polysaccharide and Ara were the potential chemical markers.ConclusionsThese findings form the basis of a reliable method to trace the region of origin of L. barbarum sample and thereby, improve the quality control of L. barbarum therapeutic polysaccharides.
Unveiling the effect of solvent polarity on the excited state intramolecular proton transfer and hydrogen bond mechanisms of DHP
Authors: Song Yao‐Dong , Wang Qian‐Ting , Chen Li 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn this present work, using density functional theory and time‐dependent density functional theory, the mechanism of excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) of 2‐(4′‐diethylamino‐2′‐hydroxyphenyl)‐1Himidazo‐[4,5‐b] pyridine (DHP) in ether, 1‐butanol, 1‐propanol, and acetonitrile phases was systematically studied. The optimized geometry includes both normal and tautomeric structure. The fluorescence spectrum and absorption spectrum calculated based on geometric structure agree with the experimental data. The data of bond lengths and bond angles related to hydrogen bonds indicate that hydrogen bonds are strengthened in the S1 state. Frontier molecular orbital analysis combined with Hirshfeld's method shows a redistribution of electron density in different solvents. The infrared vibrational spectra show that the hydrogen bond strength decreases with the increase of solvent polarity. Finally, through the analysis of the potential energy surface, it is found that the excited state intramolecular proton transfer becomes more and more difficult as the polarity of the solvent increases.
Comparative QSAR modeling of 2‐phenylindol derivatives for predicting the anticancer activity using genetic algorithm multiple linear regression and back‐propagation‐artificial neural network techniques
Authors: Bahrami Samira , Shafiei Fatemeh , Marjani Azam , Isfahani Tahereh Momeni 
Published: December 2022

AbstractQuantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR) studies on a series of 2‐phenylindole derivatives as anticancer drugs were performed to choice the important descriptor, which is responsible for their anticancer activity (expressed as pIC50). The geometry optimizations were performed on the structures using Gaussian software with the density functional B3LYP and 6‐311G(d,p) basis sets. Dragon software was used to calculate molecular descriptors, and the genetic algorithm (GA) procedure and backward regression were used to proper selection of the most relevant descriptors. The backward multiple linear regression (BW‐MLR) and backpropagation‐artificial artificial neural network (BP‐ANN) were carried out to design QSAR models. The squared correlation coefficient (R2) and the root mean squared error (RMSE) values of the GA‐MLR model were calculated to be 0.2843 and 0.7001, respectively. The BP‐ANN model was the most powerful, with the square of predictive correlation coefficient R2pred, root mean square error (RMSE), and absolute average deviation (AAD) which was equal to 0.9416, 0.0238, and 0.0099, respectively.
Fabrication of a Cation Exchange Membrane with Largely Reduced Anion Permeability for Advanced Aqueous K‐ion Battery in an Alkaline‐Neutral Electrolyte Decoupling System
Authors: Dong Wenju , Li Luping , Cheng Shuang , Huang Longjun , Yang Lexuan , Liu Yuxiu , Yao Huan , Liu Chenxu , Liu Weizhen , Ji Xu 
Published: December 2022

AbstractHerein, an efficient method to prepare sulfonated polyether ether ketone (SPEEK) based cation exchange membranes (CEMs) is developed, where polyethersulfone (PES) is used as an additive. The optimized membrane of 30 wt.%PES/SPEEK‐M exhibits a rather low anion permeability and a high ionic conductivity of 9.52 mS cm−1 together with low volume swelling in water. Meanwhile, tensile strength of the membrane is as high as 31.4 MPa with a tensile strain of 162%. As separators for aqueous K‐ion batteries (AKIBs) with decoupled gel electrolytes (Zn anode in alkaline and Prussian blue (FeHCF) cathode in neutral). Discharge voltage of the AKIB can reach 2.3 V. Meanwhile, Zn dendrites can be effectively suppressed in the gel anolyte. Specific capacities of the FeHCF cathode are 116.7 mAh g−1 at 0.3 A g−1 (close to its theoretical value), and 95.0 mAh g−1 at 1.0 A g−1, indicating good rate performance. Capacity retention of the cathode is as high as 91.2% after 1000 cycles’ cycling owing to the well remained neutral environment of the catholyte. There is almost no pH change for the catholyte after cycling, indicating good anion‐blocking or cation‐selecting ability of the 30 wt.%PES/SPEEK‐M, much better than other membranes.
Conceptual modeling to support system‐level decision‐making: An industrial case study from the Norwegian energy domain
Authors: Engen Siv , Muller Gerrit , Falk Kristin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis article explores conceptual modeling to support system‐level decision‐making during concept evaluation. The system‐level decisions made in the concept phases decide most of the systems' value and cost. The context for our research is the Norwegian energy domain. Through an industrial case study in a global subsea system supplier company, we have explored conceptual modeling to support system‐level decision‐making in the conceptual phase. From the insights and learnings gained in the industry case, the article proposes an approach for using conceptual modeling to support System‐Level Decision‐Making. Further, the article presents three examples of applications to demonstrate the use of the approach. To evaluate the approach's usefulness in the industrial setting, we conducted a survey of 37 engineers in the company of research. The engineers perceive that using the approach would improve awareness of the system context and support a holistic mindset. Furthermore, the engineers perceive the conceptual models as efficient for knowledge sharing and communication, especially in meetings between technical and non‐technical personnel. The engineers identify simplicity as a top benefit of the approach but also as a concern. Balancing the need for abstracting with the need for being specific is a crucial challenge in modeling. The survey also shows concerns about the implementation of the approach and the effort required to use the approach in daily work. The primary outcome of the research is insights into how conceptual modeling can support system‐level decision‐making in the industrial context.
Sing and Play Your Way to Reading: Building Emergent Literacy Skills in Infants and Toddlers Through Music
Authors: Hooper Alison 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe article highlights connections between music and movement activities and emergent literacy development among infants and toddlers. I review how music is linked to phonological awareness, oral language, vocabulary, and other related skills that support reading, like executive function. I also highlight the benefits of including teacher‐facilitated, hands‐on, active music experiences, even when teachers may lack confidence in their musical abilities and music training. The article provides teachers with easy‐to‐implement activities to use in the classroom to explicitly support literacy through developmentally appropriate and engaging music and movement activities, including songs, instruments, movement, and song‐based picture books.
Primary calibration of photodiodes with monochromatic X‐ray beams using an electrical‐substitution radiometer
Authors: Elvira Víctor H. , Lépy Marie‐Christine , Ménesguen Yves 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe electrical‐substitution cryogenic detector BOLometer for Use in the range of X‐rays (BOLUX), which was developed some years ago at CEA/DAM, has been set up and restarted now at LNHB. It has been used for the primary measurement of the intensity (total energy per unit time) of monochromatic synchrotron beams in the energy range from 3 to 30 keV. These well‐determined photon beams have been employed for the efficiency calibration of two photodiodes in terms of current induced per unit optical power at different photon energies. In a final step, we explored the possibility to use these primary‐calibrated photodiodes to determine the efficiency curve of an energy‐dispersive spectrometer based on a semiconductor detector (Silicon Drift Detector) using less intense monochromatic photon fluxes. The characteristics of the radiometer BOLUX and its principle of operation are described, and the measurements carried out at the synchrotron beamline are presented, including the determination of the beams' intensities, the direct calibration of photodiodes with respect to BOLUX and the use of one of those photodiodes as a standard transfer for the calibration of the SDD.
Sustainable Green Growth in Agriculture: The Role of Regional Cooperation
Authors: Zaman Kazi Arif Uz , Kalirajan Kaliappa 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDue to the continuous need to attain food security for the growing population, resource exploitation in the agriculture sector is evident. Hence, both production growth and sustainability have become key policy dilemmas. This paper examines the prospective roles of regional cooperation in attaining sustainable green growth in the agricultural production process. To formulate the Green Growth Index for Agriculture (GGIA), 16 South-through-East Asian countries were considered. The result implies that if the countries could work under a regional cooperation bloc, on average, they can exploit the untapped potential production of 33.8% without deploying any additional resources. Analysis for emission-management reveals that if the countries could work under a regional cooperation bloc, on average, its agriculture emission-management efficiency would be 45%. According to the GGIA, China, Japan, and South Korea have the highest overall efficiency, while Cambodia, Lao PDR, and Thailand have the lowest in this region.
Mechanization and the Intersectoral Migration of Agricultural Labor
Authors: Larson Donald F. , Bloodworth Kevin L. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractFor most countries, the historical path to development includes a sectoral shift of labor from agriculture to other sectors, an inflow of capital to agriculture, and a boost in land productivity. Early in the process of structural transformation, when populations are primarily rural and agrarian, the pace of sectoral migration can appear slow, as births that occur in much larger rural populations nearly match out-migration. As populations become increasingly urban, the dynamics shift, as rural populations experience continued out-migration matched with a declining share of births. This sets the stage for rising wages and labor-saving mechanization in agriculture. In many places, mechanization is associated with economies of scale that encourage a transformation in farm structures toward larger farms. Still, farm structures have been slow to change in Asia and Africa, where most farms are small, limiting potential productivity gains. This chapter uses a cross-country panel of data spanning five decades to examine the relationships among sectoral migration, gaps in sectoral incomes, and mechanization.
Blue Revolution in Asia: The Rise of the Shrimp Sector in Vietnam and the Challenges of Disease Control
Authors: Suzuki Aya , Nam Vu Hoang 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe aquaculture sector has grown rapidly over the last two decades, particularly in Asia, providing a larger share of seafood for human consumption than capture fisheries. It has received attention for its contribution to poverty reduction and nutrition improvement for the poor. In this essay, we illustrate the brief history of the development of the aquaculture sector in Asia and present a case of the shrimp sector in Vietnam, one of the largest exporters in the global market in recent years. We show how the sector has developed, particularly in relation to rice production, using nationally-representative household-level data. We then examine a persistent challenge faced by the sector, the frequent occurrence of disease outbreaks, based on our analyses using primary data and randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Specifically, we consider the role of spillovers among farmers and the importance of quantifying unobserved qualities in promoting the adoption of good practices. The effectiveness of digital technology in this area is discussed.