bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of statins exposure during pregnancy on congenital anomalies and spontaneous abortions: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Hirsch Ayala , Ternovsky Natali , Zwas Donna R. , Rotem Reut , Amir Offer , Hirsh Raccah Bruria 
Published: September 2022

Objective: To assess the effect of statin exposure during pregnancy on congenital anomalies and spontaneous abortions.Data sources: Electronic databases were searched from inception to January 2022.Study Eligibility Criteria: Cohort studies and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluate the effect of treatment with statins on congenital anomalies in general and cardiac malformations in particular. Studies evaluating spontaneous abortions were included as a secondary outcome.Study appraisal and synthesis methods: Pooled odds ratio was calculated using a random-effects model and meta-regression was utilized when applicable.Results: Twelve cohort studies and RCTs were included in the analysis. Pregnancy outcomes of 2,447 women that received statins during pregnancy were compared to 897,280 pregnant women who did not. Treatment with statins was not associated with a higher risk of overall congenital anomalies (Odd Ratio = 1.1, CI (0.9–1.3), p = 0.33, I2 = 0%). Yet, cardiac malformations were more prevalent among neonates born to statins users (OR = 1.4, CI (1.1–1.8), p = 0.02, I2 = 0%). The risk was higher when exposure occurred during the first trimester. This finding was statistically significant in cohort studies, but not in RCTs. Statin treatment was also associated with a higher rate of spontaneous abortions (OR = 1.5, CI (1.1–2.0), p = 0.005, I2 = 0%). In meta-regression analysis, no significant association between lipophilic statins and the rate of congenital anomalies was found.Conclusion: Overall, treatment with statins during pregnancy was not associated with an increased risk of congenital anomalies. A slight risk elevation for cardiac malformation and spontaneous abortions was seen in cohort studies but not in RCTs.Systematic Review Registration:clinicaltrials.gov, identifier [CRD42020165804 17/2/2020]The meta-analysis was presented online at 42nd annual meeting of SMFM. January 31-5 February 2022.
Evidence basis for using dexmedetomidine to enhance the quality of paravertebral block: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Tang Rong , Liu Yu-Qian , Zhong Hai-Lian , Wu Fang , Gao Shi-Xiong , Liu Wei , Lu Wen-Sheng , Wang Ying-Bin 
Published: September 2022

Background: Dexmedetomidine is considered an adjunct to local anaesthesia (LA) to prolong peripheral nerve block time. However, the results from a previous meta-analysis were not sufficient to support its use in paravertebral block (PVB). Therefore, we performed an updated meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy of dexmedetomidine combined with LA in PVB.Methods: We performed an electronic database search from the date of establishment to April 2022. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the combination of dexmedetomidine and LA compared with LA alone for PVB in adult patients were included. Postoperative pain scores, analgesic consumption, and adverse reactions were analyzed.Results: We identified 12 trials (701 patients) and found that the application of dexmedetomidine as a PVB adjunct reduced the postoperative pain severity of patients 12 and 24 h after surgery compared to a control group. Expressed as mean difference (MD) (95% CI), the results were −1.03 (−1.18, −0.88) (p &lt; 0.00001, I2 = 79%) for 12 h and −1.08 (−1.24, −0.92) (p &lt; 0.00001, I2 = 72%) for 24 h. Dexmedetomidine prolonged the duration of analgesia by at least 173.27 min (115.61, 230.93) (p &lt; 0.00001, I2 = 81%) and reduced postoperative oral morphine consumption by 18.01 mg (−22.10, 13.92) (p &lt; 0.00001, I2 = 19%). We also found no statistically significant differences in hemodynamic complications between the two groups. According to the GRADE system, we found that the level of evidence for postoperative pain scores at 12 and 24 h was rated as moderate.Conclusion: Our study shows that dexmedetomidine as an adjunct to LA improves the postoperative pain severity of patients after surgery and prolongs the duration of analgesia in PVB without increasing the incidence of adverse effects.
Effects of high-intensity interval training in combination with detraining on mental health in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Santos Isis K. , Pichini Gabriel S. , Daniel d. Ferreira Carlindo , Dantas Pedro B. , Browne Rodrigo A. V. , de Queiros Victor , Soares Gustavo M. , Gonçalves Ana K. , Cabral Breno G. , Maranhão Tecia Maria O. , Dantas Paulo Moreira S. 
Published: September 2022

This study aimed to investigate the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and detraining on the quality of life and mental health of 23 women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Participants were randomly assigned to the HIIT group (n = 12) [26.0 ± 3.92] and the control group (n = 11) [26.6 ± 4.68]. HIIT sessions comprised 40–60 min, 3 days a week for 12 weeks, followed by detraining for 30 days. We assessed the quality of life using the Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) and mental health by the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21), and we compared group changes on these variables at three time points: 1) at baseline, 2) after 12 weeks of HIIT (or no training), and 3) after 30 days of detraining (or no training). The participants were classified as overweight and had a high percentage of body fat (41.5%) and irregular menstrual cycles (amenorrhea) (66.7%). Throughout training, participants in the HIIT group reported improvements in domains of the quality of life: functional capacity (M = 80.4 ± 3.4 vs. M = 87.0 ± 3.1), physical role functioning (M = 72.5 ± 9.4 vs. M = 81.8 ± 9.7), and general health perception (M = 48.6 ± 4.6 vs. M = 69.0 ± 5.8). Regarding anxiety symptoms (M = 6.4 ± 1.6 vs. M = 3.7 ± 0.7) and depression symptoms (M = 6.7 ± 1.6 vs. M = 3.8 ± 0.9), those reduced significantly after HIIT. After a 30-day detraining period, there was an increase in the significant change in the quality of life; however, domains of mental health showed instability. In summary, the HIIT program promoted improvements in the quality of life and mental health in women with PCOS. The 30 days of detraining changed the benefits in the quality of life and stability in the changes in mental health domains.
How prosocial behaviors are maintained in China: The relationship between communist authority and prosociality
Authors: Sheng Jing , Luo Shuilian , Jiang Bo , Hu Yousong , Lin Shuang , Wang Li , Ren Yashi , Zhao Chunling , Liu Zixin , Chen Jun 
Published: September 2022

ObjectiveNumerous studies have demonstrated that religious belief is associated with prosocial behavior. However, how do they maintain cooperation in societies with a predominating atheist population, such as China? Different primings (explicit, subliminal, implicit) and a quasi-experiment are used to examine the link between communist authority and prosocial behaviors among college students in China.Materials and methodsIn Study 1 (N = 398), the subjects’ communist authority in the university lab was primed by a communist-authority video. In Study 2 (N = 296), we compared the priming effects of communist authority and religion on prosocial intention. Study 3 (N = 311) investigated the priming effect of communist authority on prosocial behaviors by employing a scrambled sentence task in the university lab. A quasi-experiment was conducted in Study 4 (N = 313).ResultsResults showed that communist-authority, a reminder of secular authorities, increased prosociality among college students. And empathy moderated the relationship between secular authorities and prosociality in Study 3 and Study 4.DiscussionCommunist authority, a secular authority prime, has a positive effect on promoting prosocial behaviors. These results provided a feasible yet novel way to reveal the mechanism of the relationship between secular authorities and prosociality in China.
Abnormal degree centrality in first-episode medication-free adolescent depression at rest: A functional magnetic resonance imaging study and support vector machine analysis
Authors: Guo Xin , Wang Wei , Kang Lijun , Shu Chang , Bai Hanpin , Tu Ning , Bu Lihong , Gao Yujun , Wang Gaohua , Liu Zhongchun 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundDepression in adolescents is more heterogeneous and less often diagnosed than depression in adults. At present, reliable approaches to differentiating between adolescents who are and are not affected by depression are lacking. This study was designed to assess voxel-level whole-brain functional connectivity changes associated with adolescent depression in an effort to define an imaging-based biomarker associated with this condition.Materials and methodsIn total, 71 adolescents affected by major depressive disorder (MDD) and 71 age-, sex-, and education level-matched healthy controls were subjected to resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) based analyses of brain voxel-wise degree centrality (DC), with a support vector machine (SVM) being used for pattern classification analyses.ResultsDC patterns derived from 16-min rs-fMRI analyses were able to effectively differentiate between adolescent MDD patients and healthy controls with 95.1% accuracy (136/143), and with respective sensitivity and specificity values of 92.1% (70/76) and 98.5% (66/67) based upon DC abnormalities detected in the right cerebellum. Specifically, increased DC was evident in the bilateral insula and left lingual area of MDD patients, together with reductions in the DC values in the right cerebellum and bilateral superior parietal lobe. DC values were not significantly correlated with disease severity or duration in these patients following correction for multiple comparisons.ConclusionThese results suggest that whole-brain network centrality abnormalities may be present in many brain regions in adolescent depression patients. Accordingly, these DC maps may hold value as candidate neuroimaging biomarkers capable of differentiating between adolescents who are and are not affected by MDD, although further validation of these results will be critical.
Examination of the importance of anger/irritability and limited prosocial emotion/callous-unemotional traits to understand externalizing symptoms and adjustment problems in adolescence: A 10-year longitudinal study
Authors: Urben Sébastien , Habersaat Stéphanie , Palix Julie , Fegert Jörg M. , Schmeck Klaus , Bürgin David , Seker Süheyla , Boonmann Cyril , Schmid Marc 
Published: September 2022

ObjectiveWithin a longitudinal study (10-year follow-up), we aim to examine the role of anger/irritability and limited prosocial emotion/callous-unemotional traits in predicting externalizing symptoms and adjustment problems in individuals formerly in youth residential care institutions.MethodThese dimensions were assessed in 203 young adults, with baseline assessments during youth residential care and a follow-up 10 years later.ResultsIn general, emotional problems and psychopathological symptoms did not reduce over time. Analyses of regression revealed that a younger age at baseline, anger/irritability both at baseline assessment, and regarding their aggravation over time refer to significant predictors of the level of externalizing symptoms at 10-year follow-up (R2 = 0.431) and the worsening of externalizing symptoms over time (R2 = 0.638). Anger/irritability has been observed to be a significant predictors of both the level of adjustment problems at 10-year follow-up (R2 = 0.471) and its worsening over time (R2 = 0.656).DiscussionOur results suggest that dysregulation of anger/irritability is a key factor in the prediction of long-term externalizing symptoms and adjustment problems as well as its worsening over time. Possible implications for intervention and prevention are discussed.
Influence of positive and negative affect on self-management among patients with early chronic kidney disease during the COVID-19 pandemic: The mediating and suppressing effect of ego depletion
Authors: Cui Yi , Li Rong , Yang Tianqi , Wang Hua , Jin Shasha , Liu Na , Liu Hongbao , Zhang Yinling 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundSelf-management in patients with early chronic kidney disease (CKD) can effectively delay damage to renal function. However, with the continuous spread of COVID-19, patients cannot receive timely treatment, which can lead to different affects, resulting in ego depletion and serious challenges to self-management. This study aimed to investigate the mediating and suppressing roles of ego depletion on the relationship between positive and negative affect and self-management among patients with early CKD during the COVID-19 pandemic in China.MethodsA total of 383 patients with early CKD from three tertiary hospitals were enrolled by convenience sampling in our cross-sectional study from September 2021 to March 2022. Participants completed the Sociodemographic Questionnaire, Positive Affect and Negative Affect Scale, Self-Regulating Fatigue Scale and Chronic Kidney Disease Self-Management Instrument. A structural equation model was conducted to test the mediating and suppressing effects of ego depletion on the relationship between positive and negative affect and self-management.ResultsThe average score of the participants' self-management was 84.54 (SD: 19.72), and nearly 60% of them were at low and moderate levels. The mediating effect of positive affect on self-management through ego depletion was significant (β = 0.248, 95% CI: 0.170 to 0.376), accounting for 53.22% of the total effect. The suppressing effect of negative affect on self-management through ego depletion was significant (β = −0.191, 95% CI: −0.310 to −0.118), and the absolute value of the ratio of the suppressing effect to the direct effect was 66.55%.ConclusionsEgo depletion partially mediated the relationship between positive affect and self-management while suppressing the relationship between negative affect and self-management among patients with early CKD during the COVID-19 pandemic. The reduction of patients' ego depletion must be taken as the intervention target to improve self-management and delay the progression of CKD.
Can leisure and entertainment lifestyle promote health among older people living alone in China?—A simultaneous equation approach
Authors: Qin Yinghua , Liu Jingjing , Wang Rizhen , Qi Xinye , Jiang Shengchao , Li Jiacheng , Guo Pengfei , Wu Qunhong 
Published: September 2022

ObjectivesWith the surging number of older people living alone, their lifestyles and health status have aroused increasing concern. This study aims to investigate whether a leisure and entertainment lifestyle (LEL) can improve the multidimensional health among older people living alone and try to identify the latent mechanisms among them.MethodFor this purpose, we extracted data from the Chinese General Social Survey (CGSS) and established a simultaneous equations model, comprising ordinary least square regression (OLS), two-stage least squares (2SLS), and the mediating effect model.ResultsOlder people living alone in China reported relatively better mental health status (3.64 ± 1.07), followed by physical health (3.41 ± 1.26) and social health (2.75 ± 1.18). In the OLS model, LEL significantly improved the social health of older people living alone (β = 0.054, P &lt; 0.01), followed by physical health (β = 0.042, P &lt; 0.01) and mental health (β = 0.027, P &lt; 0.01). After endogenous tests from 2SLS model and robustness tests, we found that more active LEL was associated with higher levels of physical health and mental health. However, LEL had no significant effect on the improvement of the social health of the older people living alone. Using the mediation analysis, exercise efficacy partially mediated the relationship of LEL with physical health and mental health, and the ratios were 19.75 and 24.85%, respectively. Similarly, positive life attitudes partially mediated the relationship between LEL and physical health, and LEL and mental health, with ratios of 10.65 and 26.83%, respectively.ConclusionOur findings suggested that LEL is significantly associated with better physical and mental health for older people living alone in China, and the association is mediated by exercise efficacy and positive attitudes toward life. Promoting more leisure and recreational activities, upgrading exercise efficacy, and encouraging positive life attitudes are necessary health promotion measures in active aging policies for the wellbeing of older people living alone.
Family functioning and delinquency among Chinese adolescents: Mediating effects of positive behavior recognition according to the humanistic perspective
Authors: Wan Xingli , Ji Shuming , Liu Min , Hong Binxue , Shi Wei , Du Liang , Zhao Li 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundEmpirical research on the relationship between family functioning and delinquency has been sparse, although many studies have focused on the influence of family functioning on adolescent development. The current research aimed to fill this gap by exploring the influences of family functioning on adolescent delinquency and the mechanisms connecting the processes.MethodsWe derived the baseline data from a prospective observational school-based cohort Chengdu Positive Child Development (CPCD) project. Students responded to a questionnaire containing validated measures of family functioning, positive behavior recognition, and delinquent behavior. We utilized structural equation modeling and maximum likelihood estimation to test the relationships.ResultsAcross 8811 Chinese adolescents, the incidence of delinquency behaviors among Chinese adolescents was relatively low. Family functioning and positive behavior recognition negatively predict delinquency (p &lt; 0.001). Further, positive behavior recognition partially mediated the influence of family functioning on delinquency [p &lt; 0.001, std. error = 0.01, 95% CI = (0.04, 0.07)]. Adolescents with better family functioning had little delinquency behavior, with positive behavior recognition and delinquency behavior negatively reinforcing each other.ConclusionsThis study demonstrated that family functioning was a protective factor against adolescent delinquency and revealed that positive behavior recognition was a critical mediating mechanism linking family functioning to delinquency.
Predicting the ideal apex of lumbar lordosis based on individual pelvic incidence and inflection point in asymptomatic adults
Authors: Wang Jingyu , Zhang Qianshi , Liu Fubing , Yuan Hui , Zhang Yi , Wang Xiaobin , Li Jing 
Published: September 2022

ObjectiveThe main aim of this study was to comprehensively explore the relationship among pelvic incidence (PI), inflection point (IP), and apex of lumbar lordosis (LLA), and establish a predictive formula for LLA based on individual PI and IP in asymptomatic Chinese adults.MethodsA total of 385 asymptomatic adults with average age 38.3 ± 11.9 years (range 20–73 years) were recruited between November 2020 and October 2021. Full-spine, standing x-rays were then obtained from each participant. Next, the following sagittal parameters were measured: PI, IP, LLA, the horizontal offset between the plumb line of the lumbar apex and that of the posterosuperior corner of S1 (LASO), the upper lumbar lordosis (ULL) and lower lumbar lordosis (LLL), lumbar lordosis (LL), and thoracic kyphosis (TK). Moreover, the association among PI, IP, and the other sagittal parameters was evaluated, followed by linear regression analyses. A P-value of &lt;0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsPI showed statistically significant correlations with LLA (rs = −0.629; P &lt; 0.01), LASO (rs = 0.537; P &lt; 0.01), LLL (rs = 0.788; P &lt; 0.01), and LL (rs = 0.663; P &lt; 0.01). On the other hand, IP also showed statistically significant correlations with LLA (rs = 0.671; P &lt; 0.01), LASO (rs = −0.493; P &lt; 0.01), LLL (rs = −0.402; P &lt; 0.01), and LL (rs = −0.283; P &lt; 0.01). The corresponding predictive formulae were displayed as follows: LLA = −0.03 * PI + 0.23 * IP + 14.45 (R2 = 0.669); LASO = 0.38 * PI−2.09 * IP + 53.62 (R2 = 0.460); and LLL = 0.58 * PI−0.88 * IP + 18.86 (R2 = 0.659).ConclusionThe specific lumbar shape should be modulated by pelvic morphology and IP level. In addition, we established predictive formulae for ideal sagittal lumbar profile based on individual PI and IP, with the overarching goal of helping surgeons to better comprehend the regulatory mechanisms of the individual sagittal lumbar alignment, and design a precise and personalized corrective plan.
Different treatments for 3- or 4-part proximal humeral fractures in the elderly patients: A Bayesian network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Guo Jiale , Peng Caiju , Hu Ziyan , Li Yehai 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundProximal humeral fractures are the third most common fracture in the body, and their incidence is rising year by year as the population ages. However, the treatment of the proximal humerus in parts 3 and 4 is still debatable, necessitating a network meta-analysis to determine the best treatment for each treatment modality.MethodsWe searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library for randomized controlled trials on proximal humeral fractures up to June 21, 2022. We performed data extraction and literature quality assessment by two independent authors and extracted constant score and reoperation rate as indicators for evaluation. Stata software, Revman software, JAGS software and the R-based BlandAltmanLeh package, gemtc package and riags package were used to perform this Bayesian network meta-analysis.ResultsFollowing screening, 11 papers with a total of 648 participants were included in the analysis. The SUCRA values for the constant score were in the following order: RSA, IMN, Conservative, HA, and LP, and the SUCRA values for the reoperation rate were LP, HA, IMN, Conservative, and RSA.ConclusionThe elderly with 3- or 4-part proximal humeral fractures should consider RSA because it received the best evaluation ranking in terms of constant score and reoperation rate.
Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42022341209, identifier: CRD42022341209.