bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long chain ceramides raise the main phase transition of monounsaturated phospholipids to physiological temperature
Authors: Takahashi Hiroshi , Hayakawa Tomohiro , Makino Asami , Iwamoto Kunihiko , Ito Kazuki , Sato Satoshi B. , Kobayashi Toshihide 
Published: December 2022

AbstractLittle is known about the molecular mechanisms of ceramide-mediated cellular signaling. We examined the effects of palmitoyl ceramide (C16-ceramide) and stearoyl ceramide (C18-ceramide) on the phase behavior of 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC) and 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (POPE) using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS, WAXS). As previously published, the presence of ceramides increased the lamellar gel-to-lamellar liquid crystalline (Lβ–Lα) phase transition temperature of POPC and POPE and decreased the Lα-to-inverted hexagonal (Lα–HII) phase transition temperature of POPE. Interestingly, despite an ~ 30° difference in the main phase transition temperatures of POPC and POPE, the Lβ–Lα phase transition temperatures were very close between POPC/C18-ceramide and POPE/C18-ceramide and were near physiological temperature. A comparison of the results of C16-ceramide in published and our own results with those of C18-ceramide indicates that increase of the carbon chain length of ceramide from 16 to 18 and/or the small difference of ceramide content in the membrane dramatically change the phase transition temperature of POPC and POPE to near physiological temperature. Our results support the idea that ceramide signaling is mediated by the alteration of lipid phase-dependent partitioning of signaling proteins.
Vti1a/b support distinct aspects of TGN and cis-/medial Golgi organization
Authors: van Bommel Danique M. , Toonen Ruud F. , Verhage Matthijs 
Published: December 2022

AbstractRetrograde trafficking towards thetrans-Golgi network (TGN) is important for dense core vesicle (DCV) biogenesis. Here, we used Vti1a/b deficient neurons to study the impact of disturbed retrograde trafficking on Golgi organization and cargo sorting. In Vti1a/b deficient neurons, staining intensity ofcis-/medial Golgi proteins (e.g., GM130 and giantin) was increased, while the intensity of two recycling TGN proteins, TGN38 and TMEM87A, was decreased and the TGN-resident protein Golgin97 was normal. Levels and localization of DCV cargo markers, LAMP1 and KDEL were also altered. This phenotype was not caused by reduced Golgi size or absence of a TGN compartment. The phenotype was partially phenocopied by disturbing sphingolipid homeostasis, but was not rescued by overexpression of sphingomyelin synthases or the sphingolipid synthesis inhibitor myriocin. We conclude that Vti1a/b are important for distinct aspects of TGN andcis-/medial Golgi organization. Our data underline the importance of retrograde trafficking for Golgi organization, DCV cargo sorting and the distribution of proteins of the regulated secretory pathway.
Caffeic acid N-[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl] amide as a non-steroidal inhibitor for steroid 5α-reductase type 1 using a human keratinocyte cell-based assay and molecular dynamics
Authors: Lin Aye Chan Khine , Netcharoensirisuk Ponsawan , Sanachai Kamonpan , Sukma Warongrit , Chansriniyom Chaisak , Chaotham Chatchai , De-Eknamkul Wanchai , Rungrotmongkol Thanyada , Chamni Supakarn 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCaffeic acid derivatives containing amide moieties similar to those of finasteride and dutasteride were synthesized. An in vitro inhibitory activity evaluation of caffeic acid (1) and its amide derivatives (2 − 4) against the steroid 5α-reductase type 1 (SRD5A1) produced by human keratinocyte cells coupled with the non-radioactive high-performance thin-layer chromatography detection revealed that caffeic acid N-[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl] amide (4) was a promising non-steroidal suppressor, with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 1.44 ± 0.13 µM and relatively low cytotoxicity with an IC50 of 29.99 ± 8.69 µM. The regulatory role of compound 4 against SRD5A1 involved both suppression of SRD5A1 expression and mixed mode SRD5A1 inhibition. The Ki value of compound 4 was 2.382 µM based on the whole-cell kinetic studies under specific conditions. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations with AlphaFold generated the human SRD5A1 structure and confirmed the stability of compound 4 at the SRD5A1 catalytic site with greater interactions, including hydrogen bonding of the key M119 amino-acid residue than those of finasteride and dutasteride. Thus, compound 4 shows the potential for further development as an SRD5A1 suppressor for androgenic alopecia treatment.
Composed query image retrieval based on triangle area triple loss function and combining CNN with transformer
Authors: Zhang Zhiwei , Wang Liejun , Cheng Shuli 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe existing typical combined query image retrieval methods adopt Euclidean distance as sample distance measurement method, and the model trained by triple loss function blindly pursues absolute distance between samples, resulting in unsatisfactory image retrieval performance. Meanwhile, these methods singularly adopt Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to extract reference image features. However, receptive field of convolution operation has the characteristics of locality, which is easy to cause the loss of edge feature information of reference images. In view of shortcomings of these methods, the following improvements are proposed in this paper: (1) We propose Triangle Area Triple Loss Function (TATLF), which adopts Triangle Area (TA) as measurement of sample distance. TA comprehensively considers the absolute distance and included angle between samples, so that the trained model has better retrieval performance; (2) We combine CNN with Transformer to simultaneously extract local and edge features of reference images, which can effectively reduce the loss of reference images information. Specifically, CNN is adopted to extract local feature information of reference images. Transformer is used to pay attention to the edge feature information of reference images. Extensive experiments on two public datasets, Fashion200k and MIT-States, confirm the excellent performance of our proposed method.
Age differences in knowledge, attitudes and preventive practices during the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain
Authors: González-Herrera Antonio , Rodríguez-Blázquez Carmen , Romay-Barja María , Falcon-Romero María , Ayala Alba , Forjaz María João 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis study aims at describing the evolution of Spanish population preventive practices during the COVID-19 pandemic of the between January and June 2021, and differences by age group. Data was drawn from the COSMO-Spain online survey, rounds (R) 4, 5 and 6. Multiple linear regression models with preventive practices as dependent variable were performed. Preventive practices (p = 0.001) and concern about coronavirus (p = 0.003) decreased throughout the three rounds, knowledge decreased from R4 to R6 (p = 0.002) and health literacy had a higher value in R6 (p < 0.001). Older the age was associated with higher the frequency of preventive practices, and levels of health literacy and concern about coronavirus (p < 0.001). The regression model showed that, in the 18–29 year group, a greater frequency of preventive practices was associated with being female (β = 0.20; p < 0.001), greater concern about coronavirus (β = 0.16; p < 0.018) and frequency of information seeking (β = 0.24; p < 0.001). For 61 years old and older, a higher frequency of preventive practices was associated with greater concern about coronavirus (β = 0.21; p < 0.002) and lower pandemic fatigue (β = − 0.13; p < 0.037). These findings point to the need for effective public health interventions tailored to the characteristics of age population groups.
Metal artifact reduction in kV CT images throughout two-step sequential deep convolutional neural networks by combining multi-modal imaging (MARTIAN)
Authors: Kim Hojin , Yoo Sang Kyun , Kim Dong Wook , Lee Ho , Hong Chae-Seon , Han Min Cheol , Kim Jin Sung 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis work attempted to construct a new metal artifact reduction (MAR) framework in kilo-voltage (kV) computed tomography (CT) images by combining (1) deep learning and (2) multi-modal imaging, defined as MARTIAN (Metal Artifact Reduction throughout Two-step sequentIAl deep convolutional neural Networks). Most CNNs under supervised learning require artifact-free images to artifact-contaminated images for artifact correction. Mega-voltage (MV) CT is insensitive to metal artifacts, unlike kV CT due to different physical characteristics, which can facilitate the generation of artifact-free synthetic kV CT images throughout the first network (Network 1). The pairs of true kV CT and artifact-free kV CT images after post-processing constructed a subsequent network (Network 2) to conduct the actual MAR process. The proposed framework was implemented by GAN from 90 scans for head-and-neck and brain radiotherapy and validated with 10 independent cases against commercial MAR software. The artifact-free kV CT images following Network 1 and post-processing led to structural similarity (SSIM) of 0.997, and mean-absolute-error (MAE) of 10.2 HU, relative to true kV CT. Network 2 in charge of actual MAR successfully suppressed metal artifacts, relative to commercial MAR, while retaining the detailed imaging information, yielding the SSIM of 0.995 against 0.997 from the commercial MAR.
ERPs responses to dominance features from human faces
Authors: Miao Chengguo , Li Xiaojun , Derrington Edmund , Moisan Frédéric , Li Yansong , Dreher Jean-Claude 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSocial dominance is an important feature of social life. Dominance has been proposed to be one of two trait dimensions underpinning social judgments of human faces. Yet, the neural bases of the ability to identify different dominance levels in others based on intrinsically facial cues remains poorly understood. Here, we used event-related potentials to determine the temporal dynamics of facial dominance evaluation based on facial features signaling physical strength/weakness in humans. Twenty-seven participants performed a dominance perception task where they passively viewed faces with different dominance levels. Dominance levels did not modulate an early component of face processing, known as the N170 component, but did modulate the late positive potential (LPP) component. These findings indicate that participants inferred dominance levels at a late stage of face evaluation. Furthermore, the highest level of dominant faces and the lowest level of submissive faces both elicited higher LPP amplitudes than faces with a neutral dominance level. Taken together, the present study provides new insights regarding the dynamics of the neurocognitive processes underlying facial dominance evaluation.
Long-term ambient hydrocarbon exposure and incidence of urinary bladder cancer
Authors: Zhang Han-Wei , Tsai Zhi-Ren , Kok Victor C. , Peng Hsiao-Ching , Chen Yau-Hung , Tsai Jeffrey J. P. , Hsu Chung Y. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractParticulate matter and volatile organic compounds, including total hydrocarbons (THCs), are major ambient air pollutants. Primary nonmethane hydrocarbons (NMHCs) originate from vehicle emissions. The association between air pollution and urinary bladder cancer (UBC) is debatable. We investigated whether long-term exposure to ambient hydrocarbons increases UBC risk among people aged ≥ 20 years in Taiwan. Linkage dataset research with longitudinal design was conducted among 589,135 initially cancer-free individuals during 2000–2013; 12 airborne pollutants were identified. Several Cox models considering potential confounders were employed. The study outcomes were invasive or in situ UBC incidence over time. The targeted pollutant concentration was divided into three tertiles: T1/T2/T3. The mean age of individuals at risk was 42.5 (SD 15.7), and 50.5% of the individuals were men. The mean daily average over 10 years of airborne THC concentration was 2.25 ppm (SD 0.13), and NMHC was 0.29 ppm (SD 0.09). Both pollutants show long-term monotonic downward trend over time using the Mann–Kendall test. There was a dose-dependent increase in UBC at follow-up. UBC incidence per 100,000 enrollees according to T1/T2/T3 exposure to THC was 60.9, 221.2, and 651.8, respectively; it was 170.0/349.5/426.7 per 100,000 enrollees, corresponding to T1/T2/T3 exposure to NMHC, respectively. Without controlling for confounding air pollutants, the adjusted hazard ratio (adj.HR) was 1.83 (95% CI 1.75–1.91) per 0.13-ppm increase in THC; after controlling for PM2.5, adj.HR was even higher at 2.09 (95% CI 1.99–2.19). The adj.HR was 1.37 (95% CI 1.32–1.43) per 0.09-ppm increase in ambient NMHC concentration. After controlling for SO2 and CH4, the adj.HR was 1.10 (95% CI 1.06–1.15). Sensitivity analyses showed that UBC development risk was not sex-specific or influenced by diabetes status. Long-term exposure to THC and NMHC may be a risk factor for UBC development. Acknowledging pollutant sources can inform risk management strategies.
Sustaining self-restraint until the middle of the COVID-19 pandemic in Tokyo
Authors: Ishii Yoshinao , Hayakawa Keiichiro , Chikaraishi Makoto 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe analyzed time-series changes in people’s purpose-specific mobility characteristics owing to the COVID-19 pandemic in the Tokyo area of Japan, where only legally non-binding requests for self-restraint were enforced. A multiple regression analysis was conducted with the objective variable being the mobile population in the Tokyo area per 500 m square grid estimated from mobile spatial statistical data for 2 years from 10/01/2019 to 9/30/2021. This study period ranges from pre- to mid-pandemic. The explanatory variable was the number of buildings by type per 500 m square grid obtained from building statistical data to determine behavioral changes by mobility purpose. The analysis revealed that self-restraint was sustained until the middle of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Tokyo area regardless of the purpose of mobility and whether a state of emergency was declared.
Intelligent route to design efficient CO2 reduction electrocatalysts using ANFIS optimized by GA and PSO
Authors: Gheytanzadeh Majedeh , Baghban Alireza , Habibzadeh Sajjad , Jabbour Karam , Esmaeili Amin , Mashhadzadeh Amin Hamed , Mohaddespour Ahmad 
Published: December 2022

AbstractRecently, electrochemical reduction of CO2into value-added fuels has been noticed as a promising process to decrease CO2emissions. The development of such technology is strongly depended upon tuning the surface properties of the applied electrocatalysts. Considering the high cost and time-consuming experimental investigations, computational methods, particularly machine learning algorithms, can be the appropriate approach for efficiently screening the metal alloys as the electrocatalysts. In doing so, to represent the surface properties of the electrocatalysts numerically,d-band theory-based electronic features and intrinsic properties obtained from density functional theory (DFT) calculations were used as descriptors. Accordingly, a dataset containg 258 data points was extracted from the DFT method to use in machine learning method. The primary purpose of this study is to establish a new model through machine learning methods; namely, adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) combined with particle swarm optimization (PSO) and genetic algorithm (GA) for the prediction of *CO (the key intermediate) adsorption energy as the efficiency metric. The developed ANFIS–PSO and ANFIS–GA showed excellent performance with RMSE of 0.0411 and 0.0383, respectively, the minimum errors reported so far in this field. Additionally, the sensitivity analysis showed that the center and the filling of thed-band are the most determining parameters for the electrocatalyst surface reactivity. The present study conveniently indicates the potential and value of machine learning in directing the experimental efforts in alloy system electrocatalysts for CO2reduction.
A real‐time decoupling trajectory planning method for on‐road autonomous driving
Authors: Lu Yongkang , He Shenghuang , Li Yanzhou , Wu Yuanqing , Zhong Wenjian 
Published: December 2022

AbstractTrajectory planning is a core technology for autonomous vehicle directlyreflecting the driving safety and efficiency. In this paper, a spatial‐speed decoupled planning method is studied for real‐time trajectory generation in the on‐road environment. The proposed approach mainly includes two parts: optimization‐based lateral planning and selection‐based longitudinal speed planning. The optimization‐based lateral planning is employed to generate an optimal collision‐free and smooth path by solving a quadratic programming problem. Specifically, the lateral planning first constructs a safe corridor by integrating obstacles and initial risky corridor together in the Frénet frame. The safe corridor is useful for quadratic programming problem formulation. The selecting‐based longitudinal speed planning is proposed to generate a suitable and continuous velocity trajectory. The novel speed selector considering four cases is designed to select a more suitable reference velocity in different lane situations. The continuous velocity trajectory is obtained by solving piecewise continuous quartic polynomial. As a result, the combination of the spatial path and the velocity trajectory is the final planning result. The proposed algorithm is tested extensively in a simulation environment. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm has good real‐time property and practical validity.
Flexible dispatching method for park‐level integrated energy systems considering energy cascade utilization
Authors: Chen Zhanpeng , Hu Yan , Tai Nengling , Fan Feilong , Huang Wentao 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe complex energy conversion and the volatility of renewable energy/load bring great challenges to the operation of the park‐level integrated energy system (PIES). To overcome this challenge, this paper proposes a multi‐timescale flexible dispatching method to fully exploit the flexibility of PIES in the energy cascade utilization mode. The cascade utilization model for energy flow is firstly established to analyse the coupling and complementary of heterogeneous energy. On this basis, the supply‐demand general equations of multi‐energy flexibility are proposed, which accurately quantify the ability to cope with uncertainty through mutual flexibility. Through coordinated complementation and mutual exchange of multi‐grade flexibility, the system realizes the suppression of random power fluctuations. The scheduling model includes day‐ahead dispatch and intraday multi‐time scale dispatch, which can satisfy the adjustment speed requirements of different energy. Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed method effectively enhances the flexibility and economy of system operation. The flexible demand for energy of all grades can be satisfied. Compared with the flexible dispatch in the triple energy supply structure, the operating cost is reduced by 9.07%.
An improved four‐layer capacitor voltage control strategy combined with arm current control for transformerless modular multilevel converters
Authors: Liu Dan , Xiong Ping , Xiao Fan , Lai Jinmu , Ji Xiaotong , Wang Wei 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn order to improve the performance of the transformerless modular multilevel converters (MMC) under AC and DC grid fault conditions, this paper proposes an improved four‐layer capacitor voltage control strategy combined with arm current control. The proposed control strategy consists of overall submodule capacitor voltage averaging control, leg‐balancing control with flexible weight factor W, arm‐balancing control with zero‐sequence suppression, and inner‐arm individual balancing control. The new concept of weight factor W for leg‐balancing control is also originated, considering negative‐sequence current and DC circulating current jointly from power point of view. The proposed approach effectively realizes the capacitor voltage balance, ac‐side current tracking, and unwanted circulating current elimination. The practical implementation of the proposed control strategy and the experimental results from a downscale three‐phase transformerless MMC prototype are presented to validate the performance of the proposed four‐layer capacitor voltage control strategy under grid faults.
Compressive detection of multiple targets in passive bistatic radar
Authors: Ma Junhu , Rui Xi 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe problem of compressive detection of multiple targets in a passive bistatic radar system consisting of one illuminator of opportunity and one receiver is considered. Specifically, a measurement matrix is designed to remove the direct‐path and multi‐path interference and obtain the compressive observations simultaneously. Considering that the degree of sparsity, that is, the number of targets, is unknown, an orthogonal matching pursuit (OMP)‐based detector, referred to as the ‖rk‖∞‐based OMP detector, is proposed by analysing the distribution characteristics of the infinite norm of the residual. It is shown that the test statistic of the proposed detector leads to an order statistic, and then a closed‐form expression of probability of false alarm and detection of the proposed detector is provided. Finally, numerical simulations are conducted to verify the theoretical analysis and illustrate the performance of the proposed detector relative to several benchmark detectors.
Tau-PET Bildgebung der Demenzerkrankungen
Authors: Bischof Gérard N. 
Published: December 2022

ZusammenfassungDie Ablagerung von Tau-Proteinen ist ein grundlegendes pathophysiologisches Merkmal vieler neurodegenerativer Demenzerkrankungen. Die Entwicklung sensitiver Tau-PET Tracer in den letzten Jahren hat die Lokalisation von Tau-Ablagerungen in unterschiedlichen klinischen neurodegenerativen Phänotypen in vivo ermöglicht. Bei der Alzheimer Demenz sind die räumlichen Muster der Tau-Pathologie in temporalen, parietalen und frontalen Regionen mit der Neurodegeneration und klinischen Symptomatik korreliert. Des Weiteren zeigen sich Zusammenhänge mit der Schwere der kognitiven Beeinträchtigung und der gemessenen Tau-Last, sodass Tau-PET in Zukunft einen hohen Nutzen in der klinischen Anwendung zugesprochen werden könnte. Bei primären Tauopathien, neurodegenerative Erkrankungen wie z.B. PSP und CBD, deren dominantes pathophysiologisches Merkmal die Ansammlung von Tau-Proteinen im Gehirn sind, steht die Validierung der wissenschaftlich genutzten Tau-PET Tracer noch aus, aber erste Hinweise aus Studien mit Tau-PET Tracern der zweiten Generation sind vielversprechend. Diese zeigen, dass die räumliche Verteilung der Tracer-Anreicherung bei primären Tauopathien von dem räumlichen Verteilungsmuster bei der Alzheimer Demenz unterschieden werden kann.Dennoch fehlen aktuell wichtige Validierungsstudien, die in größeren Kohorten den direkten
klinischen Nutzen der Tau-PET Bildgebung belegen. Auf der anderen Seite haben die bisherigen
wissenschaftlichen Erkenntnisse, die durch die Tau-PET Bildgebung gewonnen wurden, bereits
einen wesentlichen Beitrag zum Zusammenhang von Tau-Pathologie und Neurodegeneration
geleistet.