bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ratiometric Detection of Al Based on the Mixing of D‐penicillamine‐Functionalized Copper Nanoclusters with Pyridoxal 5’‐phosphate
Authors: Yu Weihua , Kuang Jianhua , Hu Qingqing , Wang Zhonghua , Liao Yunwen , Cheng Zhengjun 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe excess accumulation of nonessential Al3+ in the human body can cause serious health problems, thus there is significant interest in the detection of Al3+. A new ratio fluorescent probe (RF‐probe) based on the mixing of red‐emitting D‐penicillamine (DPA) stabilized copper nanoclusters (DPA‐CuNCs) with pyridoxal 5’‐phosphate (PLP) was designed for sensitive and selective determination of Al3+. The −CHO group of PLP is expected to form an imine linkage with the free −NH2 group available of the DPA on the surface of DPA‐CuNCs. The content of Al3+ could be mensurated by the as‐prepared RF‐probe with a linear response in the range of 1.33–46.67 μmol ⋅ L−1, and corresponding limit of detection (LOD) was calculated to be 0.33 μmol ⋅ L−1. Moreover, the RF‐probe was successfully extended to the assay of Al3+ in aluminum carbonate chewing tablets, baking powder, pond water and drink water with satisfactory results compared to the standard atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS).
Ring‐necked pheasant nest site selection in a landscape with high adoption of fall‐seeded cover crops
Authors: Shirley Taylor R. , Janke Adam K. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractGrasslands provide important nesting cover for ring‐necked pheasants (Phasianus colchicus), but they have been largely reduced with intensification of row‐cropping systems, resulting in population declines for pheasants and other grassland birds across the U.S. Row‐crop intensification and landscape homogenization has had negative impacts on environmental health, and agronomic practices such as fall‐seeded cover crops seek to ameliorate some of the environmental issues. Whether fall‐seeded cover crops provide additional benefits to wildlife, such as creating nesting cover for pheasants, remains unknown. We used radio telemetry and nest searches in 365, 0.4‐ha² plots during summer of 2019 and 2020 in 3 cover types including fall‐seeded cover crops, native warm season grasses, and cool season grasses to examine nest site selection by pheasants in the agricultural dominated landscape of Washington County, Iowa. We examined nest site selection at 3 spatial scales based on cover type and specific vegetation attributes to understand factors influencing nest site selection. Highest nest densities were found in native warm season grass (0.59 nests/ha, 95% CI = 0.41–0.86), while pheasants nested at low densities in cool season grass fields (0.03 nests/ha, 95% CI = 0.00–0.21) and cover crop fields (0.03 nests/ha, 95% CI = 0.01–0.12). Most nest‐site selection occurred at the landscape level (second order) and patch level (third order) and was influenced by percent litter cover (second order) and visual obstruction or vegetation density (third order). Our findings suggest that cover crops may make minor improvements in nesting cover availability but are unlikely to replicate the needs for nesting cover provided by perennial grasslands in working landscapes and thus have little potential to reverse long‐term population declines.
The Role of Construct Specification Equations and Entropy in the Measurement of Memory
Authors: Melin Jeanette , Pendrill Leslie R. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMemory ability, together with many other constructs related to disability and quality of life, is of growing interest in the social sciences, psychology and in health care examinations. This chapter will focus on two elements aiming at understanding, predicting, measuring and quality-assuring constructs with examples from memory measurements: (i) explicit methods for testing theories of the measurement mechanism and establishment of metrological standards and (ii) substantive theories explaining the constructs themselves. Building on entropy as a principal explanatory variable, analogous to its use in thermodynamics and information theory, we demonstrate how more fit-for-purpose and valid memory measurements can be enabled. Firstly, memory task difficulty, extracted from a Rasch psychometric analysis of memory measurements of experimental data such as from the European NeuroMET project, can be explained with a construct specification equation (CSE). Based on that understanding, the CSE can facilitate the establishment of objective and scalable units through the generation of novel certified reference “materials” for metrological traceability and comparability. These formulations of CSEs can also guide how best to compose new memory metrics, through a judicious choice of items from various legacy tests guided by entropy-based equivalence, which opens up opportunities for formulating new, less onerous but more sensitive and representative tests. Finally, we propose and demonstrate how to formulate CSEs for person ability, correlated statistically and clinically with sets of biomarkers, that can be a means of providing diagnostic information to enhance clinical decisions and targeted interventions.
What Is Research, and Why Do People Do It?
Authors: Hiebert James , Cai Jinfa , Hwang Stephen , Morris Anne K , Hohensee Charles 
Published: December 2022

Abstractspiepr Abs1Every day people do research as they gather information to learn about something of interest. In the scientific world, however, research means something different than simply gathering information. Scientific research is characterized by its careful planning and observing, by its relentless efforts to understand and explain, and by its commitment to learn from everyone else seriously engaged in research. We call this kind of research scientific inquiry and define it as “formulating, testing, and revising hypotheses.” By “hypotheses” we do not mean the hypotheses you encounter in statistics courses. We mean predictions about what you expect to find and rationales for why you made these predictions. Throughout this and the remaining chapters we make clear that the process of scientific inquiry applies to all kinds of research studies and data, both qualitative and quantitative.
How Do You Formulate (Important) Hypotheses?
Authors: Hiebert James , Cai Jinfa , Hwang Stephen , Morris Anne K , Hohensee Charles 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBuilding on the ideas in Chap. 1, we describe formulating, testing, and revising hypotheses as a continuing cycle of clarifying what you want to study, making predictions about what you might find together with developing your reasons for these predictions, imagining tests of these predictions, revising your predictions and rationales, and so on. Many resources feed this process, including reading what others have found about similar phenomena, talking with colleagues, conducting pilot studies, and writing drafts as you revise your thinking. Although you might think you cannot predict what you will find, it is always possible—with enough reading and conversations and pilot studies—to make some good guesses. And, once you guess what you will find and write out the reasons for these guesses you are on your way to scientific inquiry. As you refine your hypotheses, you can assess their research importance by asking how connected they are to problems your research community really wants to solve.
Knowledge Integration and Open Social Innovation for Sustainable Development
Authors: Soda Osamu 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis chapter will consider Goal 11. In particular, Target 11.2 focuses on Inclusive and Sustainable Urbanization. By 2030, it aims to enhance the capacity for participatory, integrated, and sustainable human settlement planning and management. Target 4.7 in SDGs Goal 4 is Education for Sustainable Development and Global Citizenship, which educates people about sustainable lifestyles, global citizenship, and the contribution that culture makes to sustainable development. However, the outcomes of education require a long time. Education changes people’s minds, local cultures, and socioeconomic systems. This process requires knowledge integration from diverse sectors, especially for historically accumulated knowledge. It is necessary to develop new theoretical and practical skills for building local context. The case study describes several good practices in Japan.
Rural Development in Japan
Authors: Ochiai Mototsugu 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn this chapter, I will give an overview of the development of rural areas in Japan and then refer to the problems that they currently face, such as the weakening of the community, deterioration of the management function of the local environment, deterioration of the function of agricultural producers, damage caused by wildlife birds and beasts, and response to climate change and disasters. Thereafter, I shall discuss the rebuilding of communities through exchanges with cities, establishing next-generation agriculture by utilizing information and communication technology (ICT), developing renewable energy by utilizing local resources, and establishing new connections that complement each other’s roles within the region, as necessary, for sustainable rural development in the future. Hence, this chapter is related to all 17 goals because it describes the sustainable development of rural areas and, in particular, contributes to the “Sustainable Cities and Communities” of SDG 11.
Ecology and Sustainable Development in Japan
Authors: Kurokawa Satoshi 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis chapter fits Goal 15 of the SDGs and analyzes the protection and sustainable use of territorial ecosystems in Japan, focusing on sustainable agricultureand forestry. The beautiful natural landscape and pristine nature in Japan are protected in nature parks. After the Earth Summit in 1992, the government committed to protecting socio-ecological landscapes referred to as “satoyama.” They include farmland, pastureland, and forests for logging. They are deteriorating because the population of farmers and forestry workers is declining and aging. The Natural Parks Act introduced a scheme to ensure that environmental NGOs maintain these areas on behalf of the farmers and forest workers. Modernization of agriculture has caused the loss of biodiversity in farmlands. Restoration projects have been implemented to restore biodiversity in rural areas. To reduce farmland abandonment, the government grants subsidies to help encourage eco-friendly agriculture. The government is encouraging active farmers to scale-up agricultural management to be competitive in the marketplace. Solar sharing is one way to help farmers. Ecologically sustainable development is thus interwoven with social and economic factors.
Mainstreaming Flora Conservation Strategies into the Mitigation Hierarchy to Strengthen Environmental Impact Assessment
Authors: Fernandes Taís Nogueira , dos Santos Fernando Marino Gomes , Gontijo Flávio Dayrell , da Silva Filho João Alves , Castilho Alexandre Franco , Sánchez Luis Enrique 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe application of the mitigation hierarchy (MH) to mining projects is challenging in situations of locational overlap between endemic flora and mineral deposits. We review flora surveys conducted in connection with the environmental impact assessment of several iron ore mining projects in an area of high degree of endemism in Eastern Amazon to discuss the practical implications of anticipating conservation strategies. Desktop studies and secondary data review were conducted to guide field searches to determine the distribution of endemic flora, resulting in 45 out of 46 endemic plant species having their known distribution extended to new areas. A framework for positioning flora conservation strategies in the MH is presented. Specific habitat requirements and scarce knowledge about endangered and endemic flora species are a conservation obstacle, since essential information to define species conservation strategies may be lacking. We show that anticipating conservation strategies can minimize time-lag uncertainties related to restoration success and biodiversity offsets. The more effort is placed in the preventative steps of the MH, the smaller the time-lag between impact (biodiversity losses) and conservation outcomes (biodiversity gains), decreasing uncertainties and reducing risks to biodiversity.
Fluorescence Cholangiography Using Indocyanine Green Improves the Identification of Biliary Structures During Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
Authors: D'Acapito Fabrizio , Cucchetti Alessandro , Solaini Leonardo , Serenari Matteo , Framarini Massimo , Ercolani Giorgio 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundThis cross‐sectional survey aimed to determine whether fluorescence cholangiography using indocyanine green (ICG‐FC) can improve the detection of the cystic duct and the main bile duct during laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC).MethodsThe survey was distributed to 214 surgeons (residents/faculties) in 2021. The confidence in the identification of the cystic duct and of the main bile duct was elicited on a 10‐point Likert scale before/after the use of ICG‐FC. This was repeated for three LCs ranging from a procedure deemed easy to a LC for acute cholecystitis.ResultsThere were 149 responses. ICG‐FC increased the responders’ confidence in identifying the cystic duct, raising the median value from 6 (IQR, 5–8) with white light up to 9 (IQR, 9–10) with ICG‐FC (paired p < 0.001). This increase was even more evident when identifying the main bile duct, where the median confidence value increased from 5 (IQR, 4–7) with white light to 9 (IQR, 8–10) with the use of ICG‐FC (p < 0.001). ICG‐FC significantly increased the detection of residents of the main bile duct in case of intermediate difficulty LCs and in LCs for acute cholecystitis.ConclusionsThe results support that the use of near‐infrared imaging can ameliorate detection of biliary structures, especially of the main bile duct and this was particularly true for young surgeons and in more complex situations.
Iterative 3D modeling of thermal effects in end-pumped continuous-wave HO3+:YAG lasers
Authors: Rupp Marius , Eichhorn Marc , Kieleck Christelle 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe present a highly accurate model for end-pumped continuous-wave $$\hbox {Ho}^{3+}$$

Ho

3
+

:YAG laser resonators, based on a vectorial beam propagation method (BPM) algorithm. Thermal effects in the laser crystal like thermal lensing and stress birefringence are taken into consideration. The implementation of these effects is based on an iterative method, which updates the temperature and displacement in the crystal at specific roundtrip intervals. An experimental $$\hbox {Ho}^{3+}$$

Ho

3
+

:YAG resonator cavity in continuous wave operation is used to validate the model. At higher pump powers, the resonator reaches its stability limit and shows beam distortions, which is well replicated with the presented model.
Identification of low and very high-risk patients with non-WNT/non-SHH medulloblastoma by improved clinico-molecular stratification of the HIT2000 and I-HIT-MED cohorts
Authors: Mynarek Martin , Obrecht Denise , Sill Martin , Sturm Dominik , Kloth-Stachnau Katja , Selt Florian , Ecker Jonas , von Hoff Katja , Juhnke Björn-Ole , Goschzik Tobias , Pietsch Torsten , Bockmayr Michael , Kool Marcel , von Deimling Andreas , Witt Olaf , Schüller Ulrich , Benesch Martin , Gerber Nicolas U. , Sahm Felix , Jones David T. W. , Korshunov Andrey , Pfister Stefan M. , Rutkowski Stefan , Milde Till 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMolecular groups of medulloblastoma (MB) are well established. Novel risk stratification parameters include Group 3/4 (non-WNT/non-SHH) methylation subgroups I–VIII or whole-chromosomal aberration (WCA) phenotypes. This study investigates the integration of clinical and molecular parameters to improve risk stratification of non-WNT/non-SHH MB. Non-WNT/non-SHH MB from the HIT2000 study and the HIT-MED registries were selected based on availability of DNA-methylation profiling data. MYC or MYCN amplification and WCA of chromosomes 7, 8, and 11 were inferred from methylation array-based copy number profiles. In total, 403 non-WNT/non-SHH MB were identified, 346/403 (86%) had a methylation class family Group 3/4 methylation score (classifier v11b6) ≥ 0.9, and 294/346 (73%) were included in the risk stratification modeling based on Group 3 or 4 score (v11b6) ≥ 0.8 and subgroup I–VIII score (mb_g34) ≥ 0.8. Group 3 MB (5y-PFS, survival estimation ± standard deviation: 41.4 ± 4.6%; 5y-OS: 48.8 ± 5.0%) showed poorer survival compared to Group 4 (5y-PFS: 68.2 ± 3.7%; 5y-OS: 84.8 ± 2.8%). Subgroups II (5y-PFS: 27.6 ± 8.2%) and III (5y-PFS: 37.5 ± 7.9%) showed the poorest and subgroup VI (5y-PFS: 76.6 ± 7.9%), VII (5y-PFS: 75.9 ± 7.2%), and VIII (5y-PFS: 66.6 ± 5.8%) the best survival. Multivariate analysis revealed subgroup in combination with WCA phenotype to best predict risk of progression and death. The integration of clinical (age, M and R status) and molecular (MYC/N, subgroup, WCA phenotype) variables identified a low-risk stratum with a 5y-PFS of 94 ± 5.7 and a very high-risk stratum with a 5y-PFS of 29 ± 6.1%. Validation in an international MB cohort confirmed the combined stratification scheme with 82.1 ± 6.0% 5y-PFS in the low and 47.5 ± 4.1% in very high-risk groups, and outperformed the clinical model. These newly identified clinico-molecular low-risk and very high-risk strata, accounting for 6%, and 21% of non-WNT/non-SHH MB patients, respectively, may improve future treatment stratification.
Biomechanical behavior of posterior metal-free cantilever fixed dental prostheses: effect of material and retainer design
Authors: Kasem Ammar T. , Elsherbiny Abdallah Ahmed , Abo-Madina Manal , Tribst João Paulo M. , Al-Zordk Walid 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Objective
To study the fracture resistance and stress distribution pattern of translucent zirconia and fiber-reinforced composite cantilever resin-bonded fixed dental prostheses (RPFDPs) with two retainer designs.

Materials and methods
Forty human mandibular molars were divided into two groups according to the retainer design. The restorations included a premolar pontic and 2 retainer designs: (D1) inlay ring retainer and (D2) lingual coverage retainer. Each main group was then divided according to the material used (n = 10): zirconia (Z) or fiber-reinforced composite (FRC) (F). Restorations were cemented using dual polymerizing adhesive luting resin. All specimens were thermo-cycled (5–55 °C for 10,000 cycles), then subjected to dynamic loading (50 N, 240,000, and 1.6 Hz) and fracture resistance test. The finite element analysis includes the two models of retainer designs used in the in vitro test. Modified von Mises stress values on enamel, dentin, luting resin, and restorations were examined when the restorations failed.

Results
A significantly higher failure load was recorded for zirconia groups (505.00 ± 61.50 and 548.00 ± 75.63 N for D1Z and D2Z, respectively) than for FRC groups (345.00 ± 42.33 and 375.10 ± 53.62 N for D1F and D2F, respectively) (P = 0.001). With regard to failure mode, D2 showed a more favorable failure pattern than D1. Model D2 resulted in lower stresses in tooth structure than model D1, and zirconia transmitted more stresses to the tooth structure than FRC.

Conclusions
The lingual coverage retainer (D2) enhanced the biomechanical performance of the restoration/tooth complex. Considering the failure mode and tooth stress, FRC is a promising treatment option when constructing a cantilever RPFDP.

Clinical relevance
Dentists should be aware of the biomechanical behavior during the selection of the material and for the replacement of a single missing mandibular premolar tooth with minimally invasive RBFDP.
Präklinische Notfallthorakotomie in der Berliner Notfallrettung – Darstellung der Umsetzung im Land Berlin und Diskussion erster Erkenntnisse
Authors: Malysch Tom , Breuer Florian , Wolff Justus , Poloczek Stefan , Dahmen Janosch 
Published: December 2022

ZusammenfassungIm Jahr 2015 fand das Thema „traumatisch bedingter Herz-Kreislauf-Stillstand“ erstmalig Einzug in die aktualisierten Reanimationsleitlinien des European Resuscitation Council. Neben dem speziell anzuwendenden Maßnahmenbündel mit Atemwegsmanagement, Therapie der Hypovolämie, externer Blutungskontrolle und beidseitiger Thoraxentlastung sollte auch eine Notfallthorakotomie bei geeigneten Patienten erwogen werden. Um dieses Vorgehen systematisch in der Berliner Notfallrettung zu etablieren und standardisieren, hat die Ärztliche Leitung Rettungsdienst der Berliner Feuerwehr verschiedene Maßnahmen unternommen, um die optimale Ausnutzung der Schlüsselfaktoren Expertise, „elapsed time“, Equipment und „environment“ sicherzustellen. Dabei konnten im Laufe der ersten 2,5 Jahre auch bereits wichtige Erfahrungen aus der neuen Versorgungsstruktur dieser schwerstverletzten Patienten gewonnen werden.
Students’ interests for personalized learning: an analysis guide
Authors: Solari Mariana , Vizquerra María Isabel , Engel Anna 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe lack of alignment between, on the one hand, what schools seek to teach and, on the other, the students’ interests and learning objectives is leading to increasing numbers of students who are unable to derive meaning from school activities. Personalized learning strategies represent one of the most powerful ways to help students attribute meaning and personal value to their learning. This paper has two interrelated objectives. The first is to present a guide to the analysis of educational practices that work with and from students’ interests. This tool makes it possible to identify the potential of practices to reinforce and promote the meaning and personal value that students attach to their school learning. The guide is structured around three large blocks (personalization strategies, conceptions of interests, and design and development of practices), which describe the dimensions, subdimensions, questions, and levels for the analysis. The second objective is to illustrate use of the guide by analyzing two practices designed and implemented in primary school classrooms, characterized by a focus on students’ learning interests. The paper concludes by highlighting the main contributions of the guide presented, identifying some limitations, and pointing to future lines of research.
Descriptive DNA barcoding of Argas (Persicargas) arboreus and Argas (Persicargas) persicus ticks (Ixodida: Argasidae) infesting birds in Egypt
Authors: Ghallab Enas H. , Yousery Ayat , Shaalan Mona G. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractArgas ticks are primary parasites of birds with veterinary importance. Nevertheless, these ticks have received little attention regarding molecular identification studies. DNA barcoding is a powerful technique for identifying tick species besides traditional morphological identification. The present work is a first effort to divulge DNA sequences of Argas (Persicargas) arboreus from Egypt and worldwide. We used cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) from A. arboreus infesting herons, and from the fowl tick Argas (Persicargas) persicus. Our results pointed out another success for the Folmer primers that are widely used in DNA barcoding, permitting the discrimination of morphologically similar A. arboreus and A. persicus.