bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Expansion microscopy allows high resolution single cell analysis of epigenetic readers
Authors: Acke Aline , Van Belle Siska , Louis Boris , Vitale Raffaele , Rocha Susana , Voet Thierry , Debyser Zeger , Hofkens Johan 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Interactions between epigenetic readers and histone modifications play a pivotal role in gene expression regulation and aberrations can enact etiopathogenic roles in both developmental and acquired disorders like cancer. Typically, epigenetic interactions are studied by mass spectrometry or chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing. However, in these methods, spatial information is completely lost. Here, we devise an expansion microscopy based method, termed Expansion Microscopy for Epigenetics or ExEpi, to preserve spatial information and improve resolution. We calculated relative co-localization ratios for two epigenetic readers, lens epithelium derived growth factor (LEDGF) and bromodomain containing protein 4 (BRD4), with marks for heterochromatin (H3K9me3 and H3K27me3) and euchromatin (H3K36me2, H3K36me3 and H3K9/14ac). ExEpi confirmed their preferred epigenetic interactions, showing co-localization for LEDGF with H3K36me3/me2 and for BRD4 with H3K9/14ac. Moreover addition of JQ1, a known BET-inhibitor, abolished BRD4 interaction with H3K9/14ac with an IC50 of 137 nM, indicating ExEpi could serve as a platform for epigenetic drug discovery. Since ExEpi retains spatial information, the nuclear localization of marks and readers was determined, which is one of the main advantages of ExEpi. The heterochromatin mark, H3K9me3, is located in the nuclear rim whereas LEDGF co-localization with H3K36me3 and BRD4 co-localization with H3K9/14ac occur further inside the nucleus.
Clinical significance and molecular annotation of cellular morphometric subtypes in lower-grade gliomas discovered by machine learning
Authors: Liu Xiao-Ping , Jin Xiaoqing , Seyed Ahmadian Saman , Yang Xu , Tian Su-Fang , Cai Yu-Xiang , Chawla Kuldeep , Snijders Antoine M , Xia Yankai , van Diest Paul J , Weiss William A , Mao Jian-Hua , Li Zhi-Qiang , Vogel Hannes , Chang Hang 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Background
Lower-grade gliomas (LGG) are heterogeneous diseases by clinical, histological, and molecular criteria. We aimed to personalize the diagnosis and therapy of LGG patients by developing and validating robust cellular morphometric subtypes (CMS) and to uncover the molecular signatures underlying these subtypes.

Methods
Cellular morphometric biomarkers (CMBs) were identified with artificial intelligence technique from TCGA-LGG cohort. Consensus clustering was used to define CMS. Survival analysis was performed to assess the clinical impact of CMBs and CMS. A nomogram was constructed to predict 3- and 5-year overall survival (OS) of LGG patients. Tumor mutational burden (TMB) and immune cell infiltration between subtypes were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test. The double-blinded validation for important immunotherapy-related biomarkers was executed using immunohistochemistry (IHC).

Results
We developed a machine learning (ML) pipeline to extract CMBs from whole-slide images of tissue histology; identifying and externally validating robust CMS of LGGs in multicenter cohorts. The subtypes had independent predicted OS across all three independent cohorts. In the TCGA-LGG cohort, patients within the poor-prognosis subtype responded poorly to primary and follow-up therapies. LGGs within the poor-prognosis subtype were characterized by high mutational burden, high frequencies of copy number alterations, and high levels of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and immune checkpoint genes. Higher levels of PD-1/PD-L1/CTLA-4 were confirmed by IHC staining. In addition, the subtypes learned from LGG demonstrate translational impact on glioblastoma (GBM).

Conclusions
We developed and validated a framework (CMS-ML) for CMS discovery in LGG associated with specific molecular alterations, immune microenvironment, prognosis, and treatment response.
Changes in Tobacco Use in the Early Phase of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic in Hong Kong: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Zhang Xiaoyu , Sun Yuying , Cheung Derek Yee Tak , Wang Man Ping , Wu Yongda , Chak Kin Yeung , Chen Jianjiu , Leung Lok Tung , Li William Ho Cheung , Lam Tai Hing , Ho Sai Yin 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Introduction
Changes in tobacco use and related personal and environmental factors amid the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic can be captured by qualitative studies, but they are few in non-Western populations.

Aims and Methods
We assessed the perceived links between tobacco use and COVID-19, and changes in the use of cigarettes, electronic cigarettes (ECs), and heated tobacco products (HTPs) in the early phase of the pandemic in Hong Kong, where lockdown was not implemented. Semi-structured telephone interviews were conducted from January to June 2021 in 95 participants (36 EC users, 28 HTP users, and 32 exclusive cigarette users). Transcriptions were coded using deductive and inductive approaches, and factors for changes were nested in the social-ecological model.

Results
Two-thirds of participants perceived their infection susceptibility was the same as never tobacco users, and 44.2% perceived more severe COVID-19 disease if infected. Amid the pandemic, tobacco use decreased overall but increased indoors for all three products. Increased tobacco use was mostly attributed to increased emotional distress, while decreases were attributed to various personal (health concerns) and environmental factors (e.g., COVID-19 regulations). Perceived convenience and lower costs were reasons for increased EC use. Limited access to HTPs was compensated by cigarette use.

Conclusions
Many participants were unaware of the potential harm of tobacco use on COVID-19. Overall tobacco use decreased due to COVID-19 regulations, which may not be sustainable post-pandemic. Indoor consumption increased, supporting a comprehensive smoke-free policy that covers private indoor areas. Better cessation services targeting EC, HTP, and cigarette use are needed.

Implications
Smokers need better awareness of the risk of tobacco use on COVID-19. Smoking cessation services can be improved by offering brief advice, strengthening advocacy against secondhand smoke, and covering EC and HTP use, highlighting their potential harms to users and others, and their risk of addiction and relapse to cigarette use.
Unity and Universality, Locality and Diversity in Anglicanism
Authors: Williams Rowan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe challenge of being the church ‘local, regional, universal’ forms the subject matter of the first Anglican-Roman Catholic International Commission (ARCIC) agreed statement to draw explicitly on Receptive Ecumenism: Walking Together on the Way (2017). This chapter examines part of that challenge from an Anglican perspective aware of a heritage plagued by temptations of political positivism, nationalism, insularity, and cultural self-satisfaction but which also attempts to embody a faithfulness to the conviction of authoritative revelation and universal Christian consensus and continuity. It first sketches the historical context in which the Church of England sought to develop processes of theological discernment which avoided a supreme magistracy—whether located in the papal office or the court of Christian princes. Having located the dilemma of historic Anglicanism as the denial of a central executive authority, while remaining concerned for a Christian identity that is not simply local, the chapter moves on to consider some current issues which illustrate the ongoing nature of this dilemma, including the ordination of women and the Anglican Covenant. Such Anglican self-scrutiny raises a question for all churches regarding a language and practice of faith that is not dependent on any kind of magistracy.
‘Mutual Flourishing’ in the Church of England
Authors: Thomas Gabrielle 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis chapter employs Receptive Ecumenism both to: (a) identify a wound in the practice of the Church of England; and (b) suggest a possible way forward through drawing on theology which lies at the heart of the Orthodox Christian tradition. It begins by describing recent research drawing on the principles of Receptive Ecumenism to investigate women’s experiences of working in various churches in England. During this research, several Anglican ordained priests identified what they described as a ‘wound’ in the current practice of the Church of England; namely, the outworking of ‘mutual flourishing’ as described in the ‘Five Guiding Principles’. The chapter then explores how the image of God in the theology of Gregory of Nazianzus might contribute to healing this ‘wound’ as a gift to be received into the life of the Church of England from an Orthodox theological tradition.
Developing Catholic Understanding and Practice of Ordained Ministry through Receptive Learning
Authors: Lennan Richard 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe ordained ministry, in both its theology and practice, has long been an obstacle to deeper communion between the Christian churches. This chapter explores how receptive learning might alter the ecumenical landscape in relation to this ordained ministry of the Catholic Church. Three periods of development are considered: (a) Vatican II; (b) between the council and the end of the century; and (c) the twenty-first century. Principles from the Second Vatican Council are compared with relevant ecumenical documents from the Faith and Order Commission of the World Council of Churches. Recognizing the hermeneutical nature of reception, ways in which insights from contemporary theology might help to create among the churches an environment conducive to receptive learning about ordained ministry are proposed.
Receptive Ecumenism and the Local Church
Authors: Pound Marcus 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis chapter presents and evaluates ‘Receptive Ecumenism and the Local Church’, a collaborative research project in practical ecclesiology undertaken in the North East of England with six major Christian denominations. The aim was to model how the principles behind Receptive Ecumenism could be practically applied to the local churches in the region. The project drew on a range of specialisms from ecclesiology, practical theology, sociology, anthropology, education, and organizational specialists, alongside local practitioners and key church personnel. It employed a mixture of qualitative and quantitative methods, bringing the data explicitly into close conversation with the relative churches. This was a transformative study of the churches, not simply analysing the respective organizational cultures of the participant denominations but also facilitating shared ecclesiological learning across the denominations, asking how, in the light of experienced difficulties within their own church, the members of each ecclesial grouping might fruitfully learn from the respective best practice of the other participant groupings. The current chapter provides a detailed summary of the project and its major findings for the participant churches, and a critical evaluation of both the project and the role of ecumenical practice at the local level.
Revelation,Sensus Fidelium, and Receptive Ecumenism
Authors: Rush Ormond 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe benefits of Receptive Ecumenism are becoming increasingly appreciated within ecumenical circles. A primary focus is the way a particular Christian tradition can learn from another and, in a mutual exchange of gifts, receive gifts that have not been part of one’s own tradition. This chapter views this dynamic in terms of recognizing differing ‘senses of the faith’ that the Holy Spirit has brought forth within the baptized of different churches. It proposes that Catholic discernment of the sensus fidelium, as presupposed in Lumen Gentium 12, should also include the sensus fidei of other Christians, and that ecumenical dialogues play a crucial role in that ecclesial discernment.
Receiving Scripture Again from One Another
Authors: Higton Mike 
Published: June 2022

AbstractParticipants in the differing traditions that come together in receptive ecumenical encounter inhabit different ways of living with Scripture. Those ways involve not just differing interpretations of particular texts, but also differing habits, differing expectations, differing patterns of imagination, and differing distributions of the activities of scriptural reading. If they learn to read with each other, members of these differing traditions can at times find their settlements with Scripture fruitfully disturbed; they can learn to receive Scripture again from each other’s hands in ways that feed the ongoing development of their own traditions. Such encounter is, however, difficult—not just because of the stance of receptivity and the willingness to be perturbed that it demands of participants, but also because of the practical difficulty of discovering shared practices of reading that connect to the deep scriptural habits that animate each tradition. The analogous practice of Scriptural Reasoning—an inter-faith practice of reading—suggests something of the creativity and the patience that receptive scriptural encounter will demand.
Interdependence, Need, and Reciprocal Asymmetry in the Body of Christ
Authors: Barclay John M.G. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPaul reconfigures the ancient political metaphor of the body in significant ways. An image that is typically used to justify hierarchy is adjusted at strategic points by Paul, for both social and theological ends. The emphasis is not just on diversity (in unity) but also on need: no part of the body is self-sufficient, and no part is in the (superior) position of being only the giver. Paul pays particular attention to the parts of the body that are usually regarded as inferior, and insists that they be given greater honour. This recognizes asymmetrical relations of power and honour but suggests a reciprocal or oscillating asymmetry, whereby inequality in one dimension is offset by inequality in another. The purpose of this structure is to recognize the presence of ‘wounds’ in the body, and through reciprocal support, Paul advocates not denial of trauma but mutual support. For Paul the church is more than a mutually supportive social organization: it lives from its source in Christ, whose death has so confounded the normal understandings of power as to require this reconfiguration of community. Here love suffers with the other, and each member (and ecumenically, each church) will flourish when it gives itself into a mutual relation of Christ-dependence with others.
Towards a Spirituality of Receptive Ecumenical Learning
Authors: Clifford Catherine E. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis chapter offers a reflection on the link between receptive ecumenical learning and ‘spiritual ecumenism’, or a spirituality of ecumenism understood more broadly. Drawing from a series of biblical reflections on John 14:25–31, and John 17:20–4, it draws attention to the ways that the churches are called to ‘put on the mind of Christ’. The path of Receptive Ecumenism is a response to the call to personal and ecclesial humility, to continual renewal, conversion, and reform. Common prayer is essential to this movement, as it opens our hearts and minds to the Spirit who makes one, and enables us to discern the respective tasks of each community as together we seek to live in greater fidelity to the gospel.
Growing into the Fullness of Christ
Authors: Murray Paul D. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis chapter explores the distinctiveness of the theology and practice of ecclesial conversion at work in Receptive Ecumenism relative to other forms of ecumenical theory and engagement. It works through three main steps. First, understanding Receptive Ecumenism as a way of ecclesial conversion is shown both to be the integrating theme of this particular volume and an integral dimension of the theology and practice of Receptive Ecumenism as a whole. Second, through an appreciative comparative reflection on the Groupe des Dombes’ theology of ecclesial conversion, the distinctiveness of Receptive Ecumenism’s understanding and practice of ecclesial conversion is clarified as being fundamentally orientated not towards loss, emptying, or diminishment but towards growth into ever greater fullness. Third, the chapter presents some thoughts on the broad contours of the anticipated ecclesial end towards which Receptive Ecumenism is orientated and is intended to serve given the fundamental role of this particular understanding of ecclesial conversion in its theology and practice.
Basic Statistics for Risk Management in Banks and Financial Institutions
Authors: Bandyopadhyay Arindam 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The book provides an engaging account of theoretical, empirical, and practical aspects of various statistical methods in measuring risks of financial institutions, especially banks. In this book, the author demonstrates how banks can apply many simple but effective statistical techniques to analyse risks they face in business and safeguard themselves from potential vulnerability. It covers three primary areas of banking risks—credit, market, and operational risk, and in a uniquely intuitive, step-by-step manner, the author provides hands-on details on the primary statistical tools that can be applied for financial risk measurement and management. The book lucidly introduces concepts of various well-known statistical methods such as correlations, regression, matrix approach, probability and distribution theorem, hypothesis testing, Value at Risk (Vary), and Monte Carlo simulation techniques and provides a hands-on estimation and interpretation of these tests in measuring risks of the financial institutions. The books strike a fine balance between concepts and mathematics to tell a rich story of thoughtful use of statistical methods. The book will be of much interest to academics, risk managers, bankers, and consultants and general readers too. It emphasizes on specific risk measurement tools and techniques with data applications, templates required for data collection and analysis, numerous excel-based illustrations as well as analysis in econometric packages. Excel-based hands-on and use of econometric packages like STATA, EVIEWS, and @RISK will help practitioners, academia, and students to connect theory with application.
A Normative View of Arts Policies
Authors: Damodaran A. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This chapter illustrates the building blocks of Cultural and Arts Policy in terms of six elements, namely ‘Philosophy’, ‘Perspective’, ‘Organizational Systems’, ‘Enabling Systems’, ‘Impacts’, and ‘Ramifications’. It is argued that the six elements offer a normative framework for evaluating culture and arts policies. The chapter proceeds to examine the culture and arts policies of the USA, Canada, Russia, Japan, and India in terms of the six building blocks proposed. The chapter also briefly surveys the contours of the culture and arts policies of the United Kingdom, France, Brazil, and Kenya. The central point highlighted in this chapter is about the divide between countries which emphasize artistic freedom in their policies and those which consider arts and culture to be functional and germane to nation building. The chapter concludes by stating that the proposed normative framework of culture/arts policy analyses will be helpful to managers of arts organizations to analyse the culture/arts policies of the countries in which they operate and determine what strategies they need to frame and pursue in order to ensure the sustenance of their organizations.
Animating the Inanimate
Authors: Damodaran A. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The onset of COVID-19 has altered the functioning of museums and biennials across the world. Consistent with the ‘deep dive approach’ employed in this book, the chapter takes a close look at three museums and a biennial. The museums chosen for detailed examination are ‘The Guggenheim’ (USA), the Victoria Memorial Hall (India), and the Montreal Museum of Fine Arts (Canada). The biennial chosen for detailed exploration is the ‘Kochi-Muziries Biennale’ (India). The objectives of the exercise are to understand the nature of operations carried out by these organizations and identifying the economic and managerial challenges faced by them prior to and during the difficult days of COVID-19. The chapter explores how the four organizations have coped with the pandemic. While Guggenheim opened up their premises on a minimal note and employed intense virtual media exposes, the Kochi-Muziries Biennale was constrained to postpone its biennial event. The Montreal Museum and the Victoria Memorial Hall also underwent protracted bouts of inactivity. The dive deep studies throw up a menu of management-related situations that holds vital lessons for budding museum managers. Similarly, the functioning of the four organizations also afford valuable lessons to the policy establishment regarding the effectiveness of cultural and arts policies.
Others
Authors: Aradau Claudia , Blanke Tobias 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis chapter investigates the algorithmic production of potentially dangerous ‘others’. Starting from the public scene opened by the case of the Al Jazeera journalist Ahmad Zaidan, wrongly identified by the SKYNET programme of the US National Security Agency as a suspect terrorist, we show how others are produced as ‘anomalies’ at the intersection of machine-learning algorithms and security practices. Methodologically, there were numerous limits to analysing the unfolding of the Zaidan scene of othering, as the work of security algorithms is kept secret. We drew on material disclosed by Snowden in conjunction with legal cases which challenged the targeting of Zaidan and another journalist, Bilal Abdul Kareem, as well as computer science literature and funded projects that expound the importance and techniques of anomaly detection. We argue that anomalies disturb binaries of normal–abnormal, friend–enemy, self–other and show how the effects of anomaly detection amount to a form of racism that Achille Mbembe has called ‘nanoracism’.
Platforms
Authors: Aradau Claudia , Blanke Tobias 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis chapter investigates how algorithmic reason becomes materialized in the infrastructure of digital platforms. While the literature on platforms has focused on data extraction, centralization, and new enclosures through monopolization, we argue that platform power emerges from the work of decomposing and recomposing small and large forms, inside and outside. With movements of externalization and internalization, platforms have become the central building blocks of all things digital. We show that platforms blur inside–outside boundaries through the dual move of taking the inside out and bringing the outside in. We then trace the effects of platform power in a scene of digital humanitarianism, which has become a particularly intense scene of digital technology production to build connectivity, gather information, reach out to target communities, and deploy resources to zones of humanitarian emergency. Through the digital method of ‘hacking’ apps produced by humanitarian actors for refugees, we show how humanitarianism becomes platformized. That means that humanitarian actors have become inextricably entwined with and dependent upon big tech platforms.