bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Making a Cocoon: The Social Factors of Pandemic Misinformation Evaluation
Authors: Wan Yi , Thompson Kim M. 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACTThis study explores the social factors that may impact individuals' evaluation process of pandemic‐related misinformation through a socio‐cognitive lens. We conducted eight semi‐structured interviews to collect data from individuals. Content analysis was guided by framework analysis of the interview transcripts. The social factors revealed in the study are social identity, social groups, social authorities, social spaces, social media, and social algorithms. These factors work together and isolate individuals from heterogeneous information. Social identity may decide other factors; correspondingly, the information filtered by social groups, authorities, spaces, media, and algorithms reinforces individuals' social identity. The tendency may reinforce bias on pandemic information and put people at risk. The research may provide an implication to information platforms to reconsider their algorithm designs and a direction for information literacy training programs to break the deficit assumption on individuals.
Creating an Undergraduate Data Science Program in a Disciplinary and Institutional Context in an iSchool
Authors: Zhang Yin , Zeng Marcia Lei 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACTData science (DS) programs have grown to address the workforce demand in an increasingly data‐driven society. Given that DS is highly interdisciplinary and individual institutions have various academic structures, creating a new DS program needs to consider many factors. This poster details the process of how to create an undergraduate DS minor program with considerations of the following key questions: (1) What is the general background of DS education landscape and iSchools? (2) What is the institutional context of DS education, i.e., what are gaps in the institutional DS education? How does the proposed program fit in and distinguish itself from other DS programs on campus? (3) How to navigate the DS approval process with multiple DS programs on campus? This work will help those who plan to create and revise a DS program that benefits students and fits in the broad DS education landscape and their own institution.
The Influence of Open Access on the Academic Purification Effect of Retracted Publications: A Causal Inference Analysis
Authors: Zheng Er‐Te , Fu Hui‐Zhen 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACTRecently, open access has gradually become an important publishing model in scientific research, while the academic purification effect of open access on flawed publications needs to be further explored. In this study, we use the methods of entropy balancing matching (EBM) and difference in difference (DID) in causal inference to examine the academic purification effect of different open access levels. The results show that in the retraction speed, limited open access papers had the slowest retraction speed, non‐open access had the second and full open access had the fastest, reflecting the best performance of full open access in the detection of problematic papers. As for post‐retraction citation changes, the citation of limited open access papers declined slightly slower than that of non‐open access papers after retraction, while the citation of full open access papers showed an increase rather than a decrease. The next step of the research is to discover what factors may cause the above results.
A Comparison of Source Distribution and Result Overlap in Web Search Engines
Authors: Yagci Nurce , Sünkler Sebastian , Häußler Helena , Lewandowski Dirk 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACTWhen it comes to search engines, users generally prefer Google. Our study aims to find the differences between the results found in Google compared to other search engines. We compared the top 10 results from Google, Bing, DuckDuckGo, and Metager, using 3,537 queries generated from Google Trends from Germany and the US. Google displays more unique domains in the top results than its competitors. Wikipedia and news websites are the most popular sources overall. With some top sources dominating search results, the distribution of domains is also consistent across all search engines. The overlap between Google and Bing is always under 32%, while Metager has a higher overlap with Bing than DuckDuckGo, going up to 78%. This study shows that the use of another search engine, especially in addition to Google, provides a wider variety in sources and might lead the user to find new perspectives.
“I Try to Find a Balance”: Investigating Strategies for Self‐Regulating Covid News Consumption
Authors: Zappia Corina , Makri Stephann 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACTExcessive news consumption during global crises (e.g., through regularly monitoring fast‐moving developments), can result in information fatigue and anxiety. Indeed, research has highlighted dangerous risks to mental wellbeing from “over‐consumption” of Covid‐related news. While prior research has examined how people find Covid‐related information and sometimes avoid it to prevent overwhelm, no existing studies have investigated how people leverage information seeking, encountering and avoidance (often in concert) to self‐regulate their Covid news consumption. We conducted a two‐week diary study and follow‐up interviews with 16 people. An inductive Thematic Analysis identified several strategies for self‐regulating Covid news consumption: short‐term avoidance of all Covid news, selective avoidance (e.g., of news on particular Covid topics), selective consumption of Covid news from particular sources, news perceived to be within one's control, or news likely to be of personal benefit and conscious consumption of Covid news by limiting time spent consuming it, relying on passively encountering (rather than actively seeking) it and consuming it less frequently by returning to pre‐pandemic news‐browsing routines. An understanding of Covid news self‐regulation strategies can help digital platforms that provide crisis‐related news better support people in regulating their information consumption more effectively which, in turn, can help safeguard their mental wellbeing.
It's Still Rock and Roll to Me: A Model of Online Browsing Behaviour
Authors: Zhang Huiwen , Buchanan George , Kelly Ryan , Twidale Michael , Chang Shanton , McKay Dana 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACTBrowsing has long been acknowledged as a critical information seeking strategy. Previous research on information browsing—browsing for books, videos or other items for which decisions have to be made based on an information surrogate—has focused on browsing in a physical context, and much of it predates technology found online today. We lack empirical data from the contemporary digital context to describe how people browse online. This study adopted scenario‐based interviews and observations to investigate people's online information browsing behaviour. Based on a qualitative analysis of the data, we proposed an online browsing journey model formed by four iterative activities: Choose the Browsing Collection, Select Candidates from the Browsing Collection, Inspect the Selected Candidates, Generate and Edit the Candidate list. This model offers novel insight into how people browse in the existing online context, which also forms the basis for further online browsing research.
Mixed H2/H∞ model reference control of linear parameter‐varying discrete‐time systems with real‐time application to aeropendulum system
Authors: Abdullah Ali , Borham Nirvana 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe investigation of this paper revolves around the problem of designing mixed model reference control (MRC) systems of linear parameter‐varying discrete‐time systems. In this paper, two types of mixed MRC systems are considered. These two types are the mixed state‐feedback and the mixed dynamic output‐feedback MRC systems that are designed using a parameter‐dependent Lyapunov function. The experimental results of the aeropendulum system are used to evaluate and show the effectiveness of the proposed controllers. The results indicate the satisfactory performances of the closed‐loop systems.
Afterword 2
Authors: Stadius Peter 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn this afterword, Peter Stadius ties together the chapters in Nordic Media Histories of Propaganda and Persuasion and summarizes some of the book’s key themes. Among other things, Stadius emphasizes the importance of Nordic cooperation—as well as the difficulties of such cooperation. Furthermore, Stadius underlines that the concept of propaganda is related to the regional concept of folkbildning, which tends to be described as a cornerstone of Nordic democracy.
Mobilized for Propaganda: Danish Journalists in British Exile, 1940–1945
Authors: Seidenfaden Emil Eiby 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis chapter sketches the activities of Danish journalists in British exile, 1940–1945 with a particular emphasis on their engagement with “propaganda”. Drawing on Danish private archives, and British official records, it analyses how these journalists were constantly obliged to negotiate contradictory legitimacies. Their professional identity as journalists became challenged by their obligation to serve British war propaganda and, conversely, to assist in the Danish exile community’s efforts to salvage Denmark’s international standing following the Danish “policy of negotiation” with Germany. It argues that due to a combination of the creativity of the journalists and the development of the war, they were able, during its last phase (1944–1945), to take on new roles as facilitators of a news and intelligence flow between London, Stockholm and Copenhagen.
Slow Media Under Cross Pressures: US Educational Diplomacy in the Nordic Countries During the Cold War
Authors: Kortti Jukka 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis chapter examines the transatlantic educational exchange during the Cold War as the manifestation of American public diplomacy. It asks how American social sciences entered, through institutions and persons, the post-war Nordic countries. Secondly, the chapter investigates, as an example case, how one specific concept of American social sciences, namely “cross pressure”, was vernacularized in the everyday public sphere according to the Nordic newspapers. Mapping the studies conducted on educational diplomacy, particularly exchange programmes, this chapter shows how American scholarships were the central tool in mediating the ideas of American social sciences in the Nordic countries. Although they were the slow media of public diplomacy, American social sciences had a major impact on the processing of the Nordic welfare states during their fast-moving reformative years.
Pathophysiology of Female Reproduction and Clinical Management
Authors: Nappi Luigi , Sorrentino Felice , Greco Francesca , Vona Laura , Zullo Francesco Maria , Bettocchi Stefano 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe female genital system is made up of dynamic organs that change during the woman’s life cycle. Ovarian cycle consists of the growth and development of the ovarian follicle, its bursting, and transformation into the corpus luteum with relative production of estrogens and progesterone.The normal menstrual cycle is the result of the integration of the primary neuroendocrine complex (the hypothalamus–pituitary–ovarian axis) into a control system regulated by a series of peripheral mechanisms of feedback and nerve signals that result in the release of a single mature oocyte from a pool of hundreds of thousands of primordial oocytes. Alterations of these mechanisms can lead to pathological conditions and affect fertility of patients.
Laboratory and Instrumental Diagnostics
Authors: Bettocchi Stefano , Murgia Ferdinando , Greco Francesca , Morena Maria Grazia , Palieri Tea , Pisante Ambra , Fascilla Fabiana Divina , Nappi Luigi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractInfertility is nowadays a growing social problem, affecting variable percentages of population worldwide. The aim of this chapter is to expose a narrative review on current evidences in literature in the field of female infertility, critically discussing several aspects, from laboratory analysis to imaging and surgery.Infertility in females is a complex workup assessed from a hormonal, structural, and partner-based approach.
Male Sex Hormones in Andrology Today
Authors: Bianchi Nicola , Prontera Olga , Dicuio Mauro , Concetti Sergio , Sforza Alessandra , Corona Giovanni 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSeveral hormonal pathways are deeply involved in the regulation of male sexual function. Testosterone (T) is involved in the modulation of all steps of sexual response from the activation (sexual desire) to the resolution (orgasm and ejaculation). Androgen receptors are deeply expressed in several brain areas involved in the control of sexual response as well as in the male genitalia tract and corpora cavernosa. At these levels, T plays a crucial role in all pathways of penile erection, including nitric oxide (NO) production and degradation, adenosine signaling, calcium sensitization, and penile smooth muscle differentiation. In addition, T is also involved in the control of ejaculatory reflex modulating male genitalia tract contractility and semen bolus expulsion. The role of other sex steroids is more limited, although estrogens seem to partially regulate male sexual desire. Thyroid system is mainly involved in the control of the ejaculatory reflex, although a possible contribution in the modulation of sexual desire and penile erection has also been supposed. Available evidence suggests that prolactin (PRL) acts in the control of sexual desire either through indirect (inducing secondary hypogonadism) or direct mechanisms (modulating dopamine and serotonin central pathways). The role of other hormonal pathways in the regulation of male sexual response appears negligible.
Sexuality and Sexual Orientation in the Twenty-First Century
Authors: Simonelli Chiara , Galizia Roberta , Eleuteri Stefano 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSexual orientation has been the subject of study by scientists for over a century. If in the past the scientific interest revolved around the question of “nature or nurture,” the current theories of sexology, which are placed in a sociological, biological, psychological, and social perspective, recognize the multifactorial nature of sexual orientation. However, although there have been socio-cultural and scientific advances with respect to different forms of sexual identity, heteronormativity is widespread in the clinical setting, in research and in society as a whole. People belonging to the LGBQ community are still victims of stigma, violence, and discrimination. Studies that integrate biological, psychological, and socio-relational factors are needed to deepen the idea that not all people develop sexual orientation along an identical path. The integration of a sex-positive approach and a biopsychosocial one among health professionals remains an important goal to be achieved in order to reduce discrimination against sexual minorities, the emotional consequences, and monetary costs on health services that can derive from it.
Gender Dysphoria: Overview and Psychological Interventions
Authors: Lavorato Elisabetta , Rampino Antonio , Giorgelli Valentina 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn the DSM V, the condition known as “Gender Identity Disorder” becomes “Gender Dysphoria” in order to avoid the stigma of being labeled as carriers of psychopathology. Gender Dysphoria (GD) refers to mental discomfort deriving by incongruence between the expressed gender and the assigned one. The term Transgender refers to identities or gender expressions that differ from social expectations typically based on the birth assigned sex. Not all people living “Gender Variance” express psychological or physic discomfort. The personal gender identity develops influenced by emotionally significant relationships and by socialeducational environment, based on predisposing biological characteristics. Most of clinical and psycho-social studies agree on multifactorial nature of this process, focusing on the combined action of biological, psychological, social and cultural factors. The first symptoms of gender dysphoria may appear from first years of life and then they may persist in puberty and adulthood. The causes of Gender Dysphoria are still unclear.Both psychosocial and biological factors have been called into question to explain the onset. The Gender Dysphoria Treatment aims to reduce, or to remove, suffering of person with GD and it is based on teamwork of psychologists, psychiatrists, endocrinologists and surgeons. The cure is, firstly, psychological and is provided by mental health experts. Hormone therapy can be prescribed to all people with persistent and well documented Gender Dysphoria if there are no medical contraindications; lastly, sex reassignment surgery. The formation and definition of transgender and transsexual identity obviously represents a specific complexity, to which is added an environmental, cultural and consequently individual and conditioning stigmatization.
The Transgender: Endocrinological Assessment
Authors: Cocchetti Carlotta , Maggi Mario , Fisher Alessandra Daphne 
Published: October 2022

AbstractGender-affirming treatment for transgender people is characterized by a multidisciplinary approach in which the endocrinologist plays a crucial role. Endocrinologists should explore the desired body changes of each person in order to guarantee a real personalized clinical approach. Most current guidelines include hormonal treatment protocols only for binary transgender people, requesting full virilization or full femininization and de-virilization. However, requests for an individualized treatment in non-binary transgender people are increasing. In this chapter, we review hormonal treatment strategies for binary and non-binary transgender people, describing available compounds, expected body modifications, and safety profile. Although literature in this field has been increasing over the last years, future studies should address long-term outcomes of hormonal treatment and the effects of personalized treatment in non-binary transgender people.
Gender Affirming Surgery: Assigned Female at Birth
Authors: Selvaggi Gennaro 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe acronym AFAB refers to those persons who have been ‘Assigned Female at Birth’. AFAB persons who, later in life, do not identify as female, are said to present a condition named ‘Gender Incongruence’ (GI). They might identify as men, or as non-binary. Persons presenting the condition of GI might experience a Gender Dysphoria (GD), which is defined as the discomfort due to the mismatch between their anatomical characteristics and the gender in which they are self-identifying. Thus, patients with GD are requesting surgical procedure (s) in order to align one’s body—mostly chest and genitals—to best match with one’s identity. The final aim is to reduce one’s dysphoria.The World Professional Association for Transgender Health currently publishes a series of guidelines, which are named as Standards of Care, for patients presenting GI.In this chapter, we provide an overview on surgical planning and technics, and possible outcomes for Chest-Contouring-Mastectomy (CMM) and genital surgery (metoidioplasty and phalloplasty). Nearly all trans men, and many non-binary AFAB individuals might seek for CCM; the surgery mostly consists in (partial) removal of the breast glandular tissue and, often, reduction of the Nipple-Areola-Complex. Some AFAB individuals with GI are also interested in penis reconstruction: metoidioplasty consists in the surgical enlargement of an hypertrophic clitoris, while phalloplasty consists in the construction of a penis with either larger, local, or distant flaps (including free flaps). Limitations and complications of the different surgical approaches are also presented.
Female Sexual Dysfunctions: A Clinical Perspective on HSDD, FAD, PGAD, and FOD
Authors: Graziottin Alessandra , Maseroli Elisa , Vignozzi Linda 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe multidimensionality and interpersonal dimension of human sexuality make the study of female sexual dysfunction (FSD) a challenge. The aspiration to pursue a patient-centered, holistic approach collides with the need to establish commonly accepted diagnostic criteria for different disturbances in sexual functioning, involving one or multiple phases of the sexual response cycle and pain associated with sexual activity. According to recently proposed classifications, which are continuously evolving, the most relevant FSDs include hypoactive sexual desire disorder, female arousal disorder, persistent genital arousal disorder, and female orgasm disorder. The present chapter aims to provide a clinical perspective on these disorders by reviewing the most recent evidence on the pathophysiology, definitions, prevalence, leading etiologies, diagnostic tools, and key therapeutic approaches. Sexual pain-related conditions will be reviewed in another chapter.It is evident that a gender bias still exists, with prominent biological etiologies of FSDs being neglected and understudied at the expense of psychodynamic and relational determinants. Moreover, classifications should serve to advocate the advancement of our knowledge of female sexual functioning. This process goes through the practical translation of the updated nosology in a language that is intelligible to primary healthcare providers all over the world, and ultimately, to women.
Future Skills as New Currency for the World of Tomorrow
Authors: Ehlers Ulf-Daniel 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn a rapidly changing world, the discussion on Future Skills is one of the most topical in educational research. The discussion on Future Skills has been going on for a long time (starting with studies on graduate attributes), is often intangible due to conceptual ambiguity about what skills actually are, and often only refers to digital Future Skills in a reduced way. The research presented here is based on a sound empirical approach, the multi-method, and multi-part NextSkills studies. The intention of the project is to explore the demand for specific Future Skills in more detail and then, in a second step, to substantiate them in terms of educational theory. These Future Skills are classified by the “Future Skills Triple Helix-Model of Capacity to Act in Emergent Practical Contexts.” More specifically, these are skills such as ambiguity competence, ethical competence, self-competence, and others.
Improving methods and predictions at high-energy e+e− colliders within collinear factorisation
Authors: Bertone V. , Cacciari M. , Frixione S. , Stagnitto G. , Zaro M. , Zhao X. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
We illustrate how electron Parton Distribution Functions (PDFs) with next-to-leading collinear logarithmic accuracy must be employed in the context of perturbative predictions for high-energy e+e−-collision processes. In particular, we discuss how the renormalisation group equation evolution of such PDFs is affected by the presence of multiple fermion families and their respective mass thresholds, and by the dependences on the choices of the factorisation and renormalisation schemes. We study the impact of the uncertainties associated with the PDFs on physical cross sections, in order to arrive at realistic precision estimates for observables computed with collinear-factorisation formulae. We do so by presenting results for the production of a heavy neutral object as well as for $$ t\overline{t} $$
t

t
¯

and W+W− pairs, including next-to-leading-order effects of electroweak origin.