bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Monitoring responses of NDVI and canopy temperature in a rice field to soil water and meteorological conditions
Authors: Irsyad F , Oue H , Mon M M 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Aerial photography of the vegetation canopy is an effective approach for spatial monitoring and evaluating physiological plant conditions precisely and accurately. This study aimed to obtain the relationship between the response of NDVI and canopy temperature in the rice field to soil water (before and after the irrigation process) and meteorological variables. This study was conducted in Matsuyama, Japan, with a rice cultivar (Oryza sativa L. cv. Koshihikari) and focused on the heading and flowering stage (July 31 - August 10, 2020). Aerial photographs were successfully detected the spatial variation of NDVI and canopy temperature across the rice fields. Taken NDVI by the UAV camera was successfully correlated with the SPAD value at the same point (R2= 0.96), and thermal imagery by UAV also successfully correlated with the hand-held temperature measurement at the same point (R2=0.84). NDVI values in the wet soil condition of the rice field were higher than those in the dry condition. Moreover, the canopy temperature in the dry area was higher than in the wet area by an average difference of 0.63 °C. The yield with high soil water content was significantly higher (P=0.03) than those in the lower condition by 0.28 kg/m2.
Nutrient characteristic of vacuum fried-dendeng lambok
Authors: Rini B , Nanda R F , Syukri D 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The nutritional characteristics of the beef on the production of vacuum fried dendeng lambok as a specific traditional food at West Sumatera, Indonesia was evaluated. The nutritional properties such as amino acids, fatty acids and in-vitro protein digestibility of the vacuum fried dendeng lambok was compared with the conventional frying process. As the result, there was a difference on the nutritional characteristics between vacuum fried dendeng lambok and conventional fried dendeng lambok. All parameters such as amino acids, fatty acids and of vacuum fried dendeng lambok in-vitro protein digestibility of the vacuum fried dendeng lambok indicated the higher value compared to conventional fried dendeng lambok. It can be suggested that the utilization of vacuum frying process could increase the nutritional value of fried dendeng lambok.
Toxicity Test of Laban Fruits (Vitex pinnata Linn) by Using Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) Methode
Authors: Rasyid M I , Yuliani H , Triandita N , Angraeni L , Anggriawin M 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Laban plant (Vitex pinnata Linn) is one of the plants used as traditional medicine to prevent or treat a disease. Almost all parts of this plant can be used as medicine, such as the leaves, bark, roots and fruit. Acehnese people use this fruit to heal ulcers that are used by swallowing. However, until now there has been no study on the threshold for using laban fruit as traditional medicine. The use of inappropriate levels can cause a risk of health problems. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out an analysis to determine the safe limit of concentrations that can be consumed without causing side effects. Toxicity test was carried out in vivo using the Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) method with Artemia salina Leach shrimp larvae as test animals. Result showed that the ethanolic extract of laban fruit was toxic with an LC50 value of 600,608 mg/L.
Magnetism between magnetic adatoms on monolayer NbSe2
Authors: Sarkar S , Cossu F , Kumari P , Moghaddam A G , Akbari A , Kvashnin Y O , Di Marco I 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In this work, we report on an ab-initio computational study of the electronic and magnetic properties of transition metal adatoms on a monolayer of NbSe2. We demonstrate that Cr, Mn, Fe and Co prefer all to sit above the Nb atom, where the d states experience a substantial hybridization. The inter-atomic exchange coupling is shown to have an oscillatory nature accompanied by an exponential decay, in accordance with what theory predicts for a damped Ruderman–Kittel–Kasuya–Yosida interaction. Our results indicate that the qualitative features of the magnetic coupling for the four investigated adatoms can be connected to the fine details of their Fermi surface. In particular, the oscillations of the exchange in Fe and Co are found to be related to a single nesting vector, connecting large electrons and hole pockets. Most interestingly, this behavior is found to be unaffected by changes induced on the height of the impurity, which makes the magnetism robust to external perturbations. Considering that NbSe2 is a superconductor down to a single layer, our research might open the path for further research into the interplay between magnetic and superconducting characteristics, which could lead to novel superconductivity engineering.
Comprehensive environmental performance index (CEPI): an intuitive indicator to evaluate the environmental quality over time
Authors: Latif Nazia 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Current environmental indicators assess environmental quality, but no single indicator measures the overall environmental performance of a country, state, or region in an easy and intuitive methodology. This paper provides a simple but informative indicator known as the Comprehensive Environmental Performance Index (CEPI) for 48 Asian countries for the period from 1996 to 2020. The CEPI represents a step toward clarity by combining six different indicators (Ecological Footprint, Environmental Quality, environmental vulnerability, environmental sustainability, adjusted net savings, and pressure on nature) data into one indicator. Contrary to other indices, the CEPI does not use complex mathematical procedures but is designed for simplicity, which facilitates understanding and applying economics to professionals and laymen. We adopt PCA (Principal Component Analysis) to maximize ease of understanding. In addition to Raw CEPI, which gives equal weightings to its components, we build weighted CEPI and show that the two indices behave similarly to the Asian data.
Measuring nonlinearities of a cantilever beam using a low-cost efficient wireless intelligent sensor for strain (LEWIS-S)
Authors: Robbins E , Kuether R J , Moreu F 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In the context of experimental vibration data, strain gauges can obtain linear and nonlinear dynamic measurements. However, measuring strain can be disincentivizing and expensive due to the complexity of data acquisition systems, lack of portability, and high costs. This research introduces the use of a low-cost efficient wireless intelligent sensor for strain (LEWIS-S) that is based on a portable-sensor-design platform that streamlines strain sensing. The softening behavior of a cantilever beam with geometric and inertial nonlinearities is characterized by the LEWIS-S based on high force level inputs. Two experiments were performed on a nonlinear cantilever beam with measurements obtained by the LEWIS-S sensor and an accelerometer. First, a sine sweep test was performed through the fundamental resonance of the system, then a ring-down test was performed from a large initial static deformation. Good agreement was revealed in quantities of interest such as frequency response functions, the continuous wavelet transforms, and softening behavior in the backbone curves.
Efficacy of digital health interventions on depression and anxiety in patients with cardiac disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Kaihara Toshiki , Scherrenberg Martijn , Intan-Goey Valent , Falter Maarten , Kindermans Hanne , Frederix Ines , Dendale Paul 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Aims
Depression and anxiety have a detrimental effect on the health outcomes of patients with heart disease. Digital health interventions (DHIs) could offer a solution to treat depression and anxiety in patients with heart disease, but evidence of its efficacy remains scarce. This review summarizes the latest data about the impact of DHIs on depression/anxiety in patients with cardiac disease.

Methods and results
Articles from 2000 to 2021 in English were searched through electronic databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase). Articles were included if they incorporated a randomized controlled trial design for patients with cardiac disease and used DHIs in which depression or anxiety was set as outcomes. A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed. A total of 1675 articles were included and the screening identified a total of 17 articles. Results indicated that telemonitoring systems have a beneficial effect on depression [standardized mean difference for depression questionnaire score −0.78 (P = 0.07), −0.55 (P &lt; 0.001), for with and without involving a psychological intervention, respectively]. Results on PC or cell phone–based psychosocial education and training have also a beneficial influence on depression [standardized mean difference for depression questionnaire score −0.49 (P = 0.009)].

Conclusion
Telemonitoring systems for heart failure and PC/cell phone–based psychosocial education and training for patients with heart failure or coronary heart disease had a beneficial effect especially on depression. Regarding telemonitoring for heart failure, this effect was reached even without incorporating a specific psychological intervention. These results illustrate the future potential of DHIs for mental health in cardiology.
Multiple generations of antibiotic exposure and isolation influence host fitness and the microbiome in a model zooplankton species
Authors: Cooper Reilly O , Tjards Sarah , Rischling Jessica , Nguyen David T , Cressler Clayton E 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Chronic antibiotic exposure impacts host health through changes to the microbiome. The detrimental effects of antibiotic perturbation on microbiome structure and function after one host generation of exposure have been well-studied, but less is understood about multigenerational effects of antibiotic exposure and subsequent recovery. In this study, we examined microbiome composition and host fitness across five generations of exposure to antibiotics in the model zooplankton host Daphnia magna. By utilizing a split-brood design where half of the offspring from antibiotic-exposed parents were allowed to recover and half were maintained in antibiotics, we examined recovery and resilience of the microbiome. Unexpectedly, we discovered that isolation of single host individuals across generations exerted a strong effect on microbiome composition, with microbiome diversity decreasing over generations regardless of treatment, while host body size and cumulative reproduction increased across generations. Though antibiotics did cause substantial changes to microbiome composition within a generation, recovery generally occurred in one generation regardless of the number of prior generations spent in antibiotics. Our results demonstrate that isolation of individual hosts leads to stochastic extinction of less abundant taxa in the microbiome, suggesting that these taxa are likely maintained via transmission in host populations.
The Inequitable Burden of the COVID-19 Pandemic Among Marginalized Older Workers in the United States: An Intersectional Approach
Authors: Andrea Sarah B , Eisenberg-Guyot Jerzy , Blaikie Kieran J , Owens Shanise , Oddo Vanessa M , Peckham Trevor , Minh Anita , Hajat Anjum 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Objectives
The COVID-19 pandemic has profoundly affected the lives of people globally, widening long-standing inequities. We examined the COVID-19 pandemic’s impact on employment conditions by race/ethnicity, gender, and educational attainment and the association between such conditions and well-being in older adults in the United States.

Methods
Using data from the Health and Retirement Study respondents interviewed between May 2020 and May 2021 when they were ≥55 years of age, we examined intersectional patterns in COVID-19-related changes in employment conditions among 4,107 participants working for pay at the start of the pandemic. We also examined the compounding nature of changes in employment conditions and their association with financial hardship, food insecurity, and poor self-rated health.

Results
Relative to non-Hispanic White men with greater than high school education (&gt;HS), Black and Latinx men and women were more likely to experience job loss irrespective of education; among those who did not experience job loss, men with ≤HS reporting Black, Latinx, or “other” race were &gt;90% less likely to transition to remote work. Participants who experienced job loss with decreased income or continued in-person employment with decreased income/shift changes had greater prevalence of financial hardship, food insecurity, and poor/fair self-rated health than others.

Discussion
The impact of COVID-19 on employment conditions is inequitably patterned and is associated with financial hardship, food insecurity, and adverse health in older adults. Policies to improve employment quality and expand social insurance programs among this group are needed to reduce growing inequities in well-being later in life.
Diversity in Social Communication and Support: Implications for Loneliness Among LGB Adults
Authors: Peterson Natasha , Lee Jeongeun , Svec Joseph , Russell Daniel 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesCurrent research indicates that structural and functional social network attributes influence older adults’ well-being. However, these linkages may vary by sexual orientation. This study examines how social communication diversity and support diversity are related to loneliness and differ between lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) and heterosexual adults.Research Design and MethodsUsing data from the American Association of Retired Persons Foundation’s Loneliness and Social Connection Survey of adults 45+ (N = 3,009), including 10% who identified as LGB, we derive entropy scores, which capture the extent to which network size and quality of relationships are evenly distributed. A series of linear regressions were conducted to examine sexual orientation, social network indicators, and their interactions in predicting loneliness.ResultsWe found a positive association between social communication diversity and loneliness. This finding was qualified by the interaction with sexual orientation. In addition, we found a negative association between support diversity and loneliness, an effect that was stronger for LGB participants than for heterosexual participants. The effect of support diversity on loneliness was much stronger for LGB adults than heterosexual adults.Discussion and ImplicationsWhile LGB adults tend to score higher on the loneliness scale overall, the findings suggest that communication and support diversity have uniquely different patterns of associations for sexual minority groups. This study highlights the importance of considering multiple dimensions of social networks and has implications for addressing loneliness for heterosexual and LGB adults.
Bertrand’s Postulate for Carmichael Numbers
Authors: Larsen Daniel 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Alford et al. [1] proved that there are infinitely many Carmichael numbers. In the same paper, they ask if a statement analogous to Bertrand’s postulate could be proven for Carmichael numbers. In this paper, we answer this question, proving the stronger statement that for all $\delta&gt;0$ and $x$ sufficiently large in terms of $\delta $, there exist at least $e^{\frac {\log x}{(\log \log x)^{2+\delta }}}$ Carmichael numbers between $x$ and $x+\frac {x}{(\log x)^{\frac {1}{2+\delta }}}$.
Sexuality, Gender, and the Colonial Violence of Humanitarian Intervention
Authors: Vernon Patrick 
Published: July 2022

AbstractRecent discussions of humanitarian intervention in international relations (IR) have often focused on the evolution of norms, and the development and contestation of the responsibility to protect (R2P) framework. While beneficial in tracing this process, most of these studies tend not to incorporate an analysis of colonialism, race, sexuality, or gender. While postcolonial studies of humanitarian intervention have done well to illustrate the relationship between humanitarian intervention and colonial violence, they still tend to neglect the study of sexuality and gender. Exploring how the sexualized, gendered, and racialized dimensions of colonialism can be incorporated into the study of humanitarian intervention, this paper proposes a queer approach. After exploring the valuable contributions of feminist scholarship, it suggests that the queer approaches of Nicola Pratt (“The Queen Boat Case in Egypt: Sexuality, National Security and State Sovereignty,” Review of International Studies 33, no. 1 [2007]: 129–44), Cynthia Weber (Queer International Relations: Sovereignty, Sexuality and the Will to Knowledge. New York, Oxford University Press, 2016), and Laura Shepherd and Laura Sjoberg (“Trans- Bodies in/of War(s): Cisprivilege and Contemporary Security Strategy,” Feminist Review 101, no. 1 [2012]: 5–23) offer some distinct contributions that build upon feminist insights. Applying these to the 2015 House of Commons debate on airstrikes against ISIL, the paper suggests that queer IR can invigorate the study of humanitarian intervention with a framework that unpacks the simultaneously gendered, sexual, and racial dimensions of colonial violence.
The Codon Statistics Database: A Database of Codon Usage Bias
Authors: Subramanian Krishnamurthy , Payne Bryan , Feyertag Felix , Alvarez-Ponce David 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
We present the Codon Statistics Database, an online database that contains codon usage statistics for all the species with reference or representative genomes in RefSeq (over 15,000). The user can search for any species and access two sets of tables. One set lists, for each codon, the frequency, the Relative Synonymous Codon Usage, and whether the codon is preferred. Another set of tables lists, for each gene, its GC content, Effective Number of Codons, Codon Adaptation Index, and frequency of optimal codons. Equivalent tables can be accessed for (1) all nuclear genes, (2) nuclear genes encoding ribosomal proteins, (3) mitochondrial genes, and (4) chloroplast genes (if available in the relevant assembly). The user can also search for any taxonomic group (e.g., “primates”) and obtain a table comparing all the species in the group. The database is free to access without registration at http://codonstatsdb.unr.edu.
Four cases of dermatomyositis with abnormally high anti-MDA-5 antibody titres and not high levels of serum ferritin
Authors: Umemoto Daichi , Sumitomo Shuji , Fujita Shohei , Shimizu Hayato , Oka Hideki , Kanamori Maki , Nishioka Hiroaki , Ohmura Koichiro 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT
Anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (MDA-5) antibody-positive dermatomyositis is a fatal disease presenting with rapidly progressive interstitial lung disease. High ferritin levels are a well-known poor prognostic factor. A high anti-MDA-5 antibody titre was also recently identified as a poor prognostic factor. We encountered four cases that had extremely high anti-MDA-5 antibody titres without high levels of ferritin in the initial examination. All cases were female with ages ranging between 29 and 54 years (mean age, 44 years). In the initial examination, anti-MDA-5 antibody titres were 2060–3040 (normal range, &lt;32 index), ferritin levels were 87–480 ng/ml (normal range, 2.6–129.4 ng/ml), KL-6 level was 186–1806 U/ml (normal range, &lt;500 U/ml), and creatine kinase level was normal in all patients. One patient had respiratory distress on exertion. Computed Tomography (CT) images showed mild ground-glass attenuation/reticular shadows near the pleura in all patients. Three patients were treated with a combination of high-dose glucocorticoids, intermittent intravenous cyclophosphamide, and calcineurin inhibitors, and two required plasma exchange due to the worsening of lung lesion. In these patients, ferritin and KL-6 levels tended to elevate after the beginning of treatment. Very mild pulmonary lesions disappeared in one patient treated with moderate doses of a glucocorticoid and calcineurin inhibitor. All patients survived, and one required oxygen on exertion at discharge. The condition of patients with abnormally high anti-MDA-5 antibody titres may deteriorate even though ferritin levels were not high and lung shadows are minimal at presentation. Therefore, intensive treatment needs to be considered early in the course of the disease regardless of the serum ferritin level.
GIGANTEA Is a Negative Regulator of Abscisic Acid Transcriptional Responses and Sensitivity in Arabidopsis
Authors: Siemiatkowska Beata , Chiara Matteo , Badiger Bhaskara G , Riboni Matteo , D’Avila Francesca , Braga Daniele , Salem Mohamed Abd Allah , Martignago Damiano , Colanero Sara , Galbiati Massimo , Giavalisco Patrick , Tonelli Chiara , Juenger Thomas E , Conti Lucio 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Transcriptional reprogramming plays a key role in drought stress responses, preceding the onset of morphological and physiological acclimation. The best-characterized signal regulating gene expression in response to drought is the phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA). ABA-regulated gene expression, biosynthesis and signaling are highly organized in a diurnal cycle, so that ABA-regulated physiological traits occur at the appropriate time of day. The mechanisms that underpin such diel oscillations in ABA signals are poorly characterized. Here we uncover GIGANTEA (GI) as a key gatekeeper of ABA-regulated transcriptional and physiological responses. Time-resolved gene expression profiling by RNA sequencing under different irrigation scenarios indicates that gi mutants produce an exaggerated ABA response, despite accumulating wild-type levels of ABA. Comparisons with ABA-deficient mutants confirm the role of GI in controlling ABA-regulated genes, and the analysis of leaf temperature, a read-out for transpiration, supports a role for GI in the control of ABA-regulated physiological processes. Promoter regions of GI/ABA-regulated transcripts are directly targeted by different classes of transcription factors (TFs), especially PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTOR and -BINDING FACTOR, together with GI itself. We propose a model whereby diel changes in GI control oscillations in ABA responses. Peak GI accumulation at midday contributes to establishing a phase of reduced ABA sensitivity and related physiological responses, by gating DNA binding or function of different classes of TFs that cooperate or compete with GI at target regions.