bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Angiography versus FFR guided complete revascularization versus culprit‐only revascularization for patients presenting with STEMI: Network meta‐analysis
Authors: Okuya Yoshiyuki , Gohil Kavita , Moussa Issam D. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis study aimed to compare the outcomes of different revascularization strategies among patients presenting with ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and multivessel coronary artery disease (MVD) undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). MVD is present in about one‐half of patients presenting with STEMI. Despite several randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing complete revascularization (CR) and culprit‐only revascularization (COR), the optimal PCI strategy for STEMI patients with MVD remains unsettled. Moreover, it is unclear whether angiography‐guided CR or fractional flow reserve (FFR)‐guided CR is associated with better outcomes. PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Library were searched for RCTs comparing CR strategies with COR strategy in patients with STEMI between January 1, 2000 and September 30, 2021 were identified. A frequentist network meta‐analyses were performed for three PCI strategies: (1) COR; (2) angiography‐guided CR; and (3) FFR‐guided CR. Ten RCTs including 7979 patients were included. A strategy of angiography‐guided CR or FFR‐guided CR was associated with a significantly lower rate of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) and unplanned revascularization compared with COR. Although there were no statistical significant difference between angiography‐guided CR and FFR‐guided CR, P score analysis showed that angiography‐guided CR was ranked as the best strategy for reducing MACE, all‐cause mortality, cardiovascular death, recurrent myocardial infarction, and unplanned revascularization. In patients presenting with STEMI and MVD undergoing primary PCI, angiography‐guided CR or FFR‐guided CR improve outcomes compared with COR. Furthermore, the strategy of angiography‐guided CR ranked as the best revascularization strategy in those patients.
Numerical Analysis of Conjugate Heat Transfer of Supercritical CO2 and Pb‐Bi in Tube‐in‐Tube Channels
Authors: Ali Kashif , Qaisrani Mumtaz A. , Rehman Haseeb Ur , Ali Hafiz Muhammad , Rehman Zia Ur , Baluch Mansoor A. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis work presents a numerical analysis of conjugate heat transfer in an annular channel with turbulence models for supercritical CO2 (tube side) and Pb‐Bi (annular side) as working fluids to understand the impact of flow constraints and heat transfer. By using the Navier‐Stokes formulation and the energy equation clarifying concurrent flow buildup and conjugate heat transmittance in tubes, several turbulent Prandtl models were solved numerically. The turbulent Prandtl number Prt of Pb‐Bi was used to refine the consistency of the arithmetical simulation. By comparing Prt, temperature fluctuation, and heat flux density, it was concluded that the existing Prt model should be used with caution in the numerical calculation of liquid metals having low Pr. The heat transfer and flow phenomena at different Prt values are significantly different.
Ferroelasticity in Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Perovskites
Authors: Li Jie , Zhu Yang , Huang Pei‐Zhi , Fu Da‐Wei , Jia Qiang‐Qiang , Lu Hai‐Feng 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMolecular ferroelastics have received particular attention for potential applications in mechanical switches, shape memory, energy conversion, information processing, and solar cells, by taking advantages of their low‐cost, light‐weight, easy preparation, and mechanical flexibility. The unique structures of organic–inorganic hybrid perovskites have been considered to be a design platform for symmetry‐breaking‐associated order–disorder in lattice, thereby possessing great potential for ferroelastic phase transition. Herein, we review the research progress of organic–inorganic hybrid perovskite ferroelastics in recent years, focusing on the crystal structures, dimensions, phase transitions and ferroelastic properties. In view of the few reports on molecular‐based hybrid ferroelastics, we look forward to the structural design strategies of molecular ferroelastic materials, as well as the opportunities and challenges faced by molecular‐based hybrid ferroelastic materials in the future. This review will have positive guiding significance for the synthesis and future exploration of organic–inorganic hybrid molecular ferroelastics.
Tetrahalidometallate(II) Ionic Liquids with More than One Metal: The Effect of Bromide versus Chloride
Authors: Balischewski Christian , Bhattacharyya Biswajit , Sperlich Eric , Günter Christina , Beqiraj Alkit , Klamroth Tillmann , Behrens Karsten , Mies Stefan , Kelling Alexandra , Lubahn Susanne , Holtzheimer Lea , Nitschke Anne , Taubert Andreas 
Published: July 2022

AbstractFifteenN‐butylpyridinium salts – five monometallic [C4Py]2[MBr4] and ten bimetallic [C4Py]2[M0.5aM0.5bBr4] (M=Co, Cu, Mn, Ni, Zn) – were synthesized, and their structures and thermal and electrochemical properties were studied. All the compounds are ionic liquids (ILs) with melting points between 64 and 101 °C. Powder and single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction show that all ILs are isostructural. The electrochemical stability windows of the ILs are between 2 and 3 V. The conductivities at room temperature are between 10−5and 10−6 S cm−1. At elevated temperatures, the conductivities reach up to 10−4 S cm−1at 70 °C. The structures and properties of the current bromide‐based ILs were also compared with those of previous examples using chloride ligands, which illustrated differences and similarities between the two groups of ILs.
Fusobacterium nucleatum impairs DNA mismatch repair and stability in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck
Authors: Hsueh Chi‐Yao , Lau Hui‐Ching , Huang Qiang , Gong Hongli , Sun Ji , Cao Pengyu , Hu Chunyan , Zhang Ming , Tao Lei , Zhou Liang 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundDysbiosis of the laryngeal microbiota has been demonstrated to the development of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), but the association of Fusobacterium and Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum) with DNA mismatch repair (MMR) and microsatellite instability (MSI) has not been investigated.MethodsThe abundance of Fusobacterium and F. nucleatum, the status of deficient MMR (dMMR) and MSI, and MMR‐related gene expression were analyzed in 171 HNSCC tissues, 61 paired para‐tumor tissues, and 60 vocal cord polyp tissues. The molecular mechanism of F. nucleatum and MMR‐related gene expression were investigated in two human HNSCC cell lines (Tu 686 and FD‐LSC‐1).ResultsOur results demonstrated that a high Fusobacterium abundance was detected in the HNSCC tissues and was exaggerated in the recurrent patients. We further found that a high Fusobacterium abundance was detected in the HNSCC tissues with dMMR and MSI. The Fusobacterium abundance was negatively correlated with the expression of MLH1, MSH2, and MSH6 in the HNSCC tissues. The Fusobacterium abundance was closely associated with the F. nucleatum abundance in the HNSCC tissues. F. nucleatum increased miR‐205‐5p expression to suppress MLH1, MSH2, and MSH6 expression via the TLR4‐ and MYD88‐dependent innate immune signaling pathway, resulting in dMMR, DNA damage, and cell proliferation in HNSCC.ConclusionsF. nucleatum impacts HNSCC epigenetic changes in tissues with dMMR to promote DNA damage and cell proliferation by suppressing MMR‐related gene expression via the TLR4/MYD88/miR‐205‐5p signaling pathway, which is valuable in the development of efficient strategies for HNSCC prevention and treatment.LAY SUMMARYThis study clearly indicates that Fusobacterium induced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) aggressiveness to affect poor prognosis in HNSCC patients by epigenetic alteration of DNA mismatch repair (MMR) and microsatellite instability. Moreover, the research has shown that Fusobacterium nucleatum ( F. nucleatum ) impacts HNSCC epigenetic changes in tissues with deficient MMR to promote DNA damage and cell proliferation by suppressing MMRrelated gene expression via the TLR4/MYD88/miR‐205‐5p signaling pathway.
Non‐Precious Metal‐Doped Carbon Materials Derived From Porphyrin‐Based Porous Organic Polymers for Oxygen Reduction Electrocatalysis
Authors: Sun Hanxue , Zhou Peilei , Tian Zhuoyue , Ye Xingyun , Zhu Zhaoqi , Ma Chonghua , Liang Weidong , Li An 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe cathodic oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is important in the development of renewable energy devices, to produce novel and non‐precious metal catalysts with high electrocatalytic activity to reduce the consumption of non‐renewable platinum (Pt) catalyst. In this work, we developed N‐doped and Fe/N dual‐doped porous carbons as catalysts for ORR simply by high‐temperature pyrolysis of porphyrin‐based conjugated microporous polymers (CMPs). By combination of heteroatom doping, highly porous structure and tubular morphology, the as‐prepared carbon samples exhibited high electrocatalytic activity with 4‐electron transfer mechanism, nearly close to the commercial Pt/C catalyst. In particular, among these samples, the Fe/N‐CMP‐1000 displayed a higher onset potential (0.95 eV), positive half‐wave potential (0.85 eV) and limiting current density value (5.1 mA cm−2) as well as good durability and better methanol tolerance contrasting with Pt/C catalyst, suggesting that the as‐prepared metal‐free catalysts from porphyrin‐based CMPs show great potential for ORR.
Isolation, Culture, and Characterization of Primary Salivary Gland Cells
Authors: Su Xinyun , Pillai Sangeeth , Liu Younan , Tran Simon D. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPrimary cells are an essential tool for in vitro studies and are obtained directly from living tissues or organs. They closely mimic the physiological state and maintain in vivo functions for short periods of time under optimal conditions. Isolation and culture of salivary gland (SG) cells are useful to decipher the various mechanisms involved in salivary gland dysfunction. However, unlike some other primary cell cultures, SG cell cultures from patient‐derived tissues present several challenges. They are difficult to obtain, culture, expand, and characterize due to their sensitive heterogenous cell population and limited expansion potential. In addition, the majority of saliva‐secreting acinar cells fail to maintain a differentiated state ex vivo for long periods, and eventually succumb to an acinar‐to‐ductal metaplasia, losing their secretory phenotype and functions. Herein, we describe two detailed protocols for primary SG cell isolation, culture, and expansion from human (or mouse) salivary tissues using serum‐free culture media. We also describe the growth kinetics of these primary cells along with their immunocytochemical characterization. © 2022 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Preparation of SG single‐cell culture from freshly obtained human or mouse SG tissues.Basic Protocol 2: Preparation of SG explant culture from freshly obtained human or mouse SG tissues
MHD Casson nanofluid flow over a stretching surface with melting heat transfer condition
Authors: Kumar Tirumala Prasanna , Uma Madhugi Sreenivasarao 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn this current communication thermal characteristics of non‐Newtonian fluid flow over a stretching surface with a melting heat transfer effect are discussed. Casson's rheological model is adapted to explain non‐Newtonian fluid flow characteristics. The boundary value problem comprising momentum, energy, and concentration equations is turned into a system of ordinary differential equations and then solved by applying the shooting method. Detailed analysis of important engineering quantities such as skin friction and Nusselt number are computed for the non‐Newtonian (Casson) model and Newtonian model. Some of the important outcomes are: melting parameter increases velocity and decreases temperature. Thermophoresis and Brownian motion parameters increase temperature profiles.
Scalable, thin asymmetric composite solid electrolyte for high‐performance all‐solid‐state lithium metal batteries
Authors: Wang Guoxu , Liang Yuhao , Liu Hong , Wang Chao , Li Dabing , Fan Li‐Zhen 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAll‐solid‐state Li metal batteries (ASSLMBs) have been considered the most promising candidates for next‐generation energy storage devices owing to their high‐energy density and safety. However, some obstacles such as thick solid electrolyte (SSEs) and unstable interface between the solid‐state electrolytes (SSEs) and the electrodes have restricted the practical application of ASSLBs. Here, the scalable polyimide (PI) film reinforced asymmetric ultra‐thin (~20 μm) composite solid electrolyte (AU‐CSE) with a ceramic‐rich layer and polymer‐rich layer is fabricated by a both‐side casting method and rolling process. The ceramic‐rich layer not only acts as a “securer” to inhibit the lithium dendrite growth but also redistributes Li‐ions uniform deposition, while the polymer‐rich layer improves the compatibility with cathode materials. As a result, the obtained AU‐CSE demonstrates an ionic conductivity of 1.44 × 10−4 S cm−1 at 35°C. The PI‐reinforced AU‐CSE enables Li/Li symmetric cell stable cycling over 1200 h at 0.2 mA cm−2 and 0.2 mAh cm−2. Li/LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 and Li/LiFePO4 ASSLMBs achieve superior performances at 35°C. This study provides a new way of solving the interface problems between SSEs and electrodes and developing high‐energy‐density ASSLMBs for practical applications.
Selenium metabolism and regulation of immune cells in immune‐associated diseases
Authors: Niu Ruiying , Yang Qiuli , Dong Yingjie , Hou Yueru , Liu Guangwei 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSelenium, as one of the essential microelements, plays an irreplaceable role in metabolism regulation and cell survival. Selenium metabolism and regulation have great effects on physiological systems especially the immune system. Therefore, selenium is tightly related to various diseases like cancer. Although recent research works have revealed much about selenium metabolism, the ways in which selenium regulates immune cells' functions and immune‐associated diseases still remain much unclear. In this review, we will briefly introduce the regulatory role of selenium metabolism in immune cells and immune‐associated diseases.
Reduced exercise capacity is associated with left ventricular systolic dysfunction in long‐term survivors of allogeneic hematopoietic stem‐cell transplantation
Authors: Massey Richard John , Myrdal Ole Henrik , Diep Phoi Phoi , Burman Marta Maria , Brinch Lorentz , Gullestad Lars Lysgaard , Ruud Ellen , Aakhus Svend , Beitnes Jan Otto 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPurposeExercise intolerance is a common complication in survivors of allogeneic hematopoietic stem‐cell transplantation (allo‐HSCT). The aim of this study was to determine if cardiac function measured with echocardiography is associated with exercise capacity measured with cardio‐pulmonary exercise tests in long‐term survivors treated in their youth with allo‐HSCT.MethodsThe study included 96 patients, of which 54.2% were female, aged 34.9 ± 11.6 years and 17.7 ± 9.3 years after allo‐HSCT. Reduced exercise capacity was defined as <85% of predicted‐peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak). Linear regression was used in the prediction of VO2peak (ml/kg/min). Receiver operating characteristic evaluated the accuracy of predicting reduced exercise capacity.ResultsVO2peak was 36.2 ± 7.7 ml/kg/min and 43 (44.8%) had reduced exercise capacity. Left ventricular ejection fraction was 55.4 ± 5.9% and global longitudinal strain (GLS) was −17.6% ± 2.0%. Left and right ventricular functions were significantly lower in survivors with reduced exercise capacity. Increased body mass index, lower physical activity score, reduced pulmonary function (by forced expiratory volume in 1‐s) and reduced left ventricular systolic function (by GLS) were significant independent predictors for reduced VO2peak. GLS was superior to other echocardiographical indices for identifying reduced exercise capacity (area under curve = 0.64, p = 0.014).ConclusionsLeft ventricular systolic dysfunction measured by GLS is associated with reduced exercise capacity in long‐term allo‐HSCT survivors.
Quaternary environmental and climatic history of the northern high latitudes – recent contributions and perspectives from lake sediment records
Authors: Melles Martin , Svendsen John Inge , Fedorov Grigory , Brigham‐Grette Julie , Wagner Bernd 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACTLake sediment records archive the Quaternary environmental and climatic history in northern high latitudes. Because of their spatial distribution, age range, time resolution, age control, and high sensitivity to paleoenvironmental conditions, lake records contribute to evaluating regional to hemispheric‐scale climate change. Here, we compare the characteristics of lake sediments and their qualities for paleoenvironmental and paleoclimatic reconstructions with those of other archives in northern high latitudes, and we outline the current state of research by introducing a series of regional case studies on 31 lakes as part of this special issue. The compilation shows that the coring site selection and interpretation can strongly benefit from bathymetric and seismic or hydro‐acoustic surveys. New coring techniques have become available making it possible to expand the records in length and time. Analytical work on the cores has particularly benefited from improved non‐destructive logging and scanning techniques, from the development of new proxies, and from advancements in quantitative climate reconstructions. Progress was also made in further developments of dating techniques; however, the recognition of additional isochronal events, e.g., via tephrochronology or paleomagnetic event stratigraphy, is needed to derive a better understanding of leads and lags in climate signal propagation throughout the northern high latitudes.
Effect of Molecular Weights on Metal‐Mediated Grafting of Sulfobetaine Polymers onto Solid Surfaces for Non‐Biofouling Applications
Authors: Kim Inho , Kim Yohan , Kang Sung Min 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe grafting of zwitterionic molecules onto solid surfaces is an important tool for decreasing the unwanted adsorption of biomolecules, such as proteins, bacteria, and cells. This has been achieved through various approaches, such as zwitterionic monolayer/multilayer formation, surface‐initiated polymerization of zwitterionic monomers, and grafting of presynthesized zwitterionic polymers. Recently, a coordination‐driven approach to grafting zwitterionic polymers onto solid surfaces has been discovered to be an effective method because of its versatility and robustness. However, the bacterial adhesion resistance of zwitterionic polymer grafting has been explored using only one molecular weight, and the non‐biofouling performance against other fouling organisms has remained unexamined. In this study, the characteristics of coordination‐driven surface zwitteration are systematically investigated. Sulfobetaine (SB) polymers with three different molecular weights are synthesized and employed for surface grafting. Polydopamine is used as a surface primer, and SB polymers are grafted onto the surfaces via the formation of metal‐mediated coordinate bonds. The effect of molecular weight on the grafting efficiency and non‐biofouling performance is investigated via protein adsorption and marine diatom adhesion assays. The SB polymer with a high molecular weight is found to be crucial for achieving strong resistance to protein adsorption and marine fouling.
Continuous Monitoring and Characterization of Copolymerization Reactions of Acrylate Monomers with Indistinguishable Ultraviolet Spectra Using Infrared Spectroscopy
Authors: Siqueira Julia S. , Reed Wayne F. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractApplications of Automatic Continuous Online Monitoring of Polymerization reactions (ACOMP) have steadily expanded over the past 20 years. An ultraviolet (UV) detector, often combined with a differential refractive index detector (RID), is the usual method to track monomer conversion, but the method can fail when comonomers have similar UV spectra. Here, Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) is coupled to ACOMP to separate comonomer conversion during solution copolymerization of tert‐butyl acrylate (tBA) and n‐butyl acrylate (nBA). The UV spectra of these comonomers are too similar for separation. The FTIR region between 1100 and 1410 cm−1, however, shows a strong difference between tBA and nBA peaks—1403 and 1192 cm−1, respectively. Reaction rates determined from FTIR data show that tBA's is higher than nBA's. The terpolymerization of tBA, nBA, and methyl methacrylate (MMA) is also monitored, using MMA's 1325 cm−1 peak. Reaction rates are significantly lower than in the nBA/tBA copolymerization. The incorporation of FTIR into ACOMP opens the path for further expansion to a wide variety of copolymerization reactions, including systems of three or more comonomers. It can be a key new detector in the next steps for development of fully automatic feedback control of composition and molecular weight.
Risk factors for the development of acute pyelonephritis in women with a positive urine culture
Authors: Balasubramanian Shiva , Wang Xi , Sahil Suman , Cheng An‐Lin , Sutkin Gary , Shepherd Jonathan P. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIntroductionIn treating lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), the risk of overtreatment with antibiotics must be reconciled with the risk of an untreated urinary tract infection (UTI) progressing to acute pyelonephritis (APN). Using Cerner HealthFacts, a longitudinal clinical informatics database, we aimed to determine risk factors associated with the development of APN from UTI in an effort to guide the initiation of empiric antibiotics.MethodsWe queried the Cerner HealthFacts database for women over age 18 with a positive urine culture. Any patient with an International Classification of Disease (ICD) code indicating chronic pyelonephritis was excluded. Development of APN within 30 days of the positive culture, specified by ICD coding, was our primary outcome. Patient and facility factors were assessed as potential risk factors for the development of APN using multivariable regression.ResultsOut of 58 344 women with a positive urine culture, 3.9% (2296) developed APN. Mean patient age was 54.4 ± 25.3 years. Overall, 12 variables were predictive for APN and 11 variables were protective against APN. Presence of obstructive and reflux uropathies (OR 4.58), presentation to an acute care facility (OR 3.19), urinary retention (OR 2.30), history of UTI (OR 2.19), and renal comorbidities (OR 2.07) conferred the highest odds of APN development. The most protective variable against APN development was cognitive impairment (OR 0.49).ConclusionsIdentified risk factors associated with APN development may aid decisions regarding empiric antibiotic initiation for patients presenting with LUTS while awaiting urine culture results. The relationship between cognitive impairment and progression to APN deserves further study.