bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Distinct spectral dynamics of implanted cardiac defibrillator signals in spontaneous termination of polymorphic ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation in patients with electrical and structural diseases
Authors: Calvo David , Salinas Lucia , Martínez-Camblor Pablo , García-Iglesias Daniel , Alzueta Javier , Rodríguez Anibal , Romero Rafael , Viñolas Xavier , Fernández-Lozano Ignacio , Anguera Ignasi , Villacastín Julián , Bodegas Andrés , Fontenla Adolfo , Jalife José , Berenfeld Omer 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Aims
To determine the spectral dynamics of early spontaneous polymorphic ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation (PVT/VF) in humans.

Methods and results
Fifty-eight self-terminated and 173 shock-terminated episodes of spontaneously initiated PVT/VF recorded by Medtronic implanted cardiac defibrillators (ICDs) in 87 patients with various cardiac pathologies were analyzed by short fast Fourier transform of shifting segments to determine the dynamics of dominant frequency (DF) and regularity index (RI). The progression in the intensity of DF and RI accumulations further quantified the time course of spectral characteristics of the episodes. Episodes of self-terminated PVT/VF lasted 8.6 s [95% confidence interval (CI): 8.1–9.1] and shock-terminated lasted 13.9 s (13.6–14.3) (P &lt; 0.001). Recordings from patients with primarily electrical pathologies displayed higher DF and RI values than those from patients with primarily structural pathologies (P &lt; 0.05) independently of ventricular function or antiarrhythmic drug therapy. Regardless of the underlying pathology, the average DF and RI intensities were lower in self-terminated than shock-terminated episodes [DF: 3.67 (4.04–4.58) vs. 4.32 (3.46–3.93) Hz, P &lt; 0.001; RI: 0.53 (0.48–0.56) vs. 0.63 (0.60–0.65), P &lt; 0.001]. In a multivariate analysis controlled by the type of pathology and clinical variables, regularity remained an independent predictor of self-termination [hazard ratio: 0.954 (0.928–0.980)]. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis of DF and RI intensities demonstrated increased predictability for self-termination in time with 95% CI above the 0.5 cut-off limit at about t = 8.6 s and t = 6.95 s, respectively.

Conclusion
Consistent with the notion that fast organized sources maintain PVT/VF in humans, reduction of frequency and regularity correlates with early self-termination. Our findings might help generate ICD methods aiming to reduce inappropriate shock deliveries.
Catheter ablation for patients with atrial fibrillation and heart failure with reduced and preserved ejection fraction: insights from the KiCS-AF multicentre cohort study
Authors: Shiraishi Yasuyuki , Kohsaka Shun , Ikemura Nobuhiro , Kimura Takehiro , Katsumata Yoshinori , Tanimoto Kojiro , Suzuki Masahiro , Ueda Ikuko , Fukuda Keiichi , Takatsuki Seiji 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAimsThe usefulness of catheter ablation (CA) for atrial fibrillation (AF) across a broad spectrum of heart failure (HF) patients remains to be established. We assessed the association of CA with both health-related quality of life (QoL) and cardiovascular events among HF patients with reduced and preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in an ‘all-comer’ outpatient-based AF registry.Methods and resultsOf 3303 patients with AF consecutively enrolled in a retrospective multicentre registry that mandated the Atrial Fibrillation Effect on QualiTy-of-life (AFEQT) questionnaire at registration and 1-year follow-up, we extracted data from 530 patients complicating clinical HF. The association between CA and both 1-year change in AFEQT Overall Summary (AFEQT-OS) scores and 2-year composite clinical outcomes (including all-cause death, stroke, and HF hospitalization) was assessed by multivariable analyses. The median duration of AF was 108 days (52–218 days), and 83.4% had LVEF &gt;35%. Overall, 75 patients (14.2%) underwent CA for AF within 1-year after registration. At 1-year follow-up, 67.2% in the ablation group showed clinically meaningful improvements of ≥ 5 points in AFEQT-OS score than 47.8% in the non-ablation group {adjusted odds ratio, 2.03 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.13–3.64], P = 0.017}. Furthermore, the composite endpoint of all-cause death, stroke, and HF hospitalization occurred less frequently in the ablation group than the non-ablation group [adjusted hazard ratio, 0.27 (95% CI: 0.09–0.86), P = 0.027].ConclusionAmong AF-HF patients, CA was associated with improved QoL and lower risk of cardiovascular events against drug therapy alone, even for patients with mildly reduced and preserved LVEF.
Characterization of circumferential antral pulmonary vein isolation areas resulting from pulsed-field catheter ablation
Authors: Bohnen Marius , Weber Reinhold , Minners Jan , Jadidi Amir , Eichenlaub Martin , Neumann Franz-Josef , Arentz Thomas , Lehrmann Heiko 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAimsThe cornerstone of pulmonary vein (PV) isolation (PVI) is a wide-area circumferential ablation (WACA) resulting in an antral PVI area. Pulsed-field ablation (PFA) is a new nonthermal ‘single-shot’ PVI technique resulting in well-characterized posterior isolation areas. However, information on circumferential PVI area is lacking. Thus, we sought to characterize the circumferential antral PVI areas after PFA-PVI.Methods and resultsAtrial fibrillation (AF) patients underwent fluoroscopy-guided PVI with a pentaspline PFA catheter. Ultra-high-density voltage maps using a 20-polar circular mapping catheter were created before and immediately after PVI to identify and quantify (i) insufficient isolation areas per antral PV segment (10-segment model) and (ii) enlarged left atrial (LA) isolation areas (beyond the antral PV segments) per LA region (8-region model). The PFA-PVI with pre- (5469 ± 1822 points) and post-mapping (6809 ± 2769 points) was performed in 40 consecutive patients [age 62 ± 6 years, 25/40 (62.5%) paroxysmal AF]. Insufficient isolation areas were located most frequently in the anterior antral PV segments of the left PVs (62.5–77.5% of patients) with the largest extent (median ≥0.4 cm2) located in the same segments (segments 2/5/8). Enlarged LA isolation areas were located most frequently and most extensively on the posterior wall and roof region (89.5–100% of patients; median 1.1–2.7 cm2 per region).ConclusionFluoroscopy-guided PFA-PVI frequently results in insufficient isolation areas in the left anterior antral PV segments and enlarged LA isolation areas on the posterior wall/roof, which both may be extensive. To optimize the procedure, full integration of PFA catheter visualization into three-dimensional-mapping systems is needed.
Prognostic value of P-wave morphology in general population
Authors: Laitinen Idamaria , Kenttä Tuomas V , Passi Jussi , Haukilahti Mira Anette E , Eranti Antti , Holkeri Arttu , Aro Aapo L , Kerola Tuomas , Noponen Kai , Seppänen Tapio , Rissanen Harri , Knekt Paul , Heliövaara Markku , Ukkola Olavi H , Junttila M Juhani , Huikuri Heikki V , Perkiömäki Juha S 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Aims
To evaluate the prognostic significance of novel P-wave morphology descriptors in general population.

Methods and results
Novel P-wave morphology variables were analyzed from orthogonal X-, Y-, Z-leads of the digitized electrocardiogram using a custom-made software in 6906 middle-aged subjects of the Mini-Finland Health Survey. A total of 3747 (54.3%) participants died during the follow-up period of 24.3 ± 10.4 years; 379 (5.5%) of the study population succumbed to sudden cardiac death (SCD), 928 (13.4%) to non-SCD (NSCD) and 2440 (35.3%) patients to non-cardiac death (NCD). In univariate comparisons, most of the studied P-wave morphology parameters had a significant association with all modes of death (P from &lt;0.05 to &lt;0.001). After relevant adjustments in the Cox multivariate hazards model, P-wave morphology dispersion (PMD) still tended to predict SCD [hazard ratio (HR): 1.006, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.000–1.012, P = 0.05) but not NSCD (HR: 0.999, 95% CI: 0.995–1.003, P = 0.68) or NCD (HR: 0.999, 95% CI: 0.997–1.001, P = 0.44). The P-wave maximum amplitude in the lead Z (P-MaxAmp-Z) predicted SCD even after multivariate adjustments (HR: 1.010, 95% CI: 1.005–1.015, P = 0.0002) but also NSCD (HR: 1.005, 95% CI: 1.002–1.009, P = 0.0005) and NCD (HR: 1.002, 95% CI: 1.000–1.005, P = 0.03).

Conclusion
Abnormalities of P-wave morphology are associated with the risk of all modes of death in general population. After relevant adjustments, PMD was still closely associated with the risk of SCD but not with NSCD or NCD. P-MaxAmp-Z predicted SCD even after adjustments, however, it also retained its association with NSCD and NCD.
A synergistic arrangement of two unrelated IS elements facilitates adjacent deletion in Micrococcus luteus ATCC49732
Authors: Barker David F 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Mutants of Micrococcus luteus strain ATCC49732 lacking the yellow pigment sarcinaxanthin were observed at an unexpectedly high frequency and the molecular basis was investigated. PCR probing revealed complete deletion of the crt biosynthetic operon in 11/14 mutants. Inverse PCR was used to identify a common breakpoint 35 kb downstream from crt precisely at the end of the right inverted repeat (IRR) of a partial ISMlu8 element that lies between two inversely oriented full-length ISMlu2. A total of three different breakpoints 5′ to crt were found with the sequence CTAG one bp 5′ to each novel junction. Analysis of 35 genomic sites with single ISMlu8 insertions showed that ISMlu8 transposase has high specificity for CTAG, implicating its key role in formation of the Δcrt deletions. No downstream deletion endpoints were observed at an immediately adjacent ISMlu8 with a nearly identical IRR in the same orientation and slightly closer to the crt operon, indicating that access of ISMlu8 transposase to the ISMlu2-flanked ISMlu8 IRR is greatly enhanced by the surrounding oppositely oriented ISMlu2s. The association of high frequency genomic rearrangement with this distinctive natural configuration of ISs from two different IS families offers a new insight into IS element evolutionary potential.
Cross-sector co-creation of a community-based physical activity program for breast cancer survivors in Colombia
Authors: Rubio María Alejandra , Mosquera Daniela , Blanco Martha , Montes Felipe , Finck Carolyn , Duval Martin , Trillos Catalina , Jaramillo Ana María , Rosas Lisa G , King Abby C , Sarmiento Olga L 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Benefits of physical activity (PA) in breast cancer survivors (BCS) are well established. However, programs to promote PA among BCS tailored to real-world contexts within low- to middle-income countries are limited. Cross-sector co-creation can be key to effective and scalable programs for BCS in these countries. This study aimed to evaluate the networking process to engage multisector stakeholders in the co-creation of a PA program for Colombian BCS called My Body. We employed a mixed-methods design including semistructured interviews, workshops and a social network analysis of centrality measures to assess stakeholders’ engagement, resources and skills enabling the collaborative work, challenges, outcomes and lessons learned. The descriptive analysis and the centrality measures of the network revealed that 19 cross-sector stakeholders engaged in the My Body collaborative network. Through ongoing communication and cooperation, My Body built relationships between the academic lead institutions (local and international), and local and national public, private and academic institutions working in public health, sports and recreation, social sciences and engineering fields. The outcomes included the co-creation of the community-based PA program for BCS, its implementation through cross-sector synergies, increased relationships and communications among stakeholders, and successful dissemination of evidence and project results to the collaboration partners and other relevant stakeholders and community members. The mixed-methods assessment enabled understanding of ways to advance cross-sector co-creation of health promotion programs. The findings can help to enable continued development of sustainable cross-sector co-creation processes aimed at advancing PA promotion.
Waterborne disease outbreaks in treated recreational water facilities: a Socio-Ecological Model perspective
Authors: Cullinan Lauren , Dunn Louise , McLean Sarah , Palombo Enzo 
Published: July 2022

AbstractTreated recreational water facilities, including swimming pools and water play parks, have often been implicated in infectious disease outbreaks. Addressing this problem is complex due to the multiple and interrelated factors contributing to outbreaks in these settings. These factors may relate to inappropriate behaviours of users and operators, lack of and inconsistent regulation of these facilities, insufficient facility maintenance, and problems associated with the design of these facilities. Given the complexity of this issue, we argue that the Socio-Ecological Model (SEM) provides a useful framework to help identify the multi-level influences and factors that have implications for designing interventions to prevent this public health problem, whilst assisting in guiding future research in this area. We apply the SEM to the current literature to help identify the influences and factors contributing to infectious disease outbreaks in treated recreational water facilities to support this argument. We also identify several gaps in the existing research that would benefit from further examination to help prevent infectious disease outbreaks in treated recreational water facilities such as public swimming pools and water play parks.
Polygenic risk score for embryo selection—not ready for prime time
Authors: Polyakov Alex , Amor David J , Savulescu Julian , Gyngell Christopher , Georgiou Ektoras X , Ross Vanessa , Mizrachi Yossi , Rozen Genia 
Published: July 2022

AbstractNumerous chronic diseases have a substantial hereditary component. Recent advances in human genetics have allowed the extent of this to be quantified via genome-wide association studies, producing polygenic risk scores (PRS), which can then be applied to individuals to estimate their risk of developing a disease in question. This technology has recently been applied to embryo selection in the setting of IVF and preimplantation genetic testing, with limited data to support its utility. Furthermore, there are concerns that the inherent limitations of PRS makes it ill-suited for use as a screening test in this setting. There are also serious ethical and moral questions associated with this technology that are yet to be addressed. We conclude that further research and ethical reflection are required before embryo selection based on PRS is offered to patients outside of the research setting.
HORuS transmission spectroscopy and revised planetary parameters of KELT-7 b
Authors: Tabernero H M , Zapatero Osorio M R , Allende Prieto C , González-Álvarez E , Sanz-Forcada J , López-Gallifa A , Montes D , del Burgo C , González Hernández J I , Rebolo R 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT
We report on the high-resolution spectroscopic observations of two planetary transits of the hot Jupiter KELT-7b (Mp = 1.28 ± 0.17MJup, Teq = 2028 K) observed with the High Optical Resolution Spectrograph (HORuS) mounted on the 10.4-m Gran Telescopio Canarias (GTC). A new set of stellar parameters are obtained for the rapidly rotating parent star from the analysis of the spectra. Using the newly derived stellar mass and radius, and the planetary transit data of the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) together with the HORuS velocities and the photometric and spectroscopic data available in the literature, we update and improve the ephemeris of KELT-7b. Our results indicate that KELT-7 has an angle λ = −10.55 ± 0.27 deg between the sky projections of the star’s spin axis and the planet’s orbital axis. By combining this angle and our newly derived stellar rotation period of 1.38 ± 0.05 d, we obtained a 3D obliquity ψ = 12.4 ± 11.7 deg (or 167.6 deg), thus reinforcing that KELT-7 is a well-aligned planetary system. We search for the presence of Hα, Li i, Na i, Mg i, and Ca ii features in the transmission spectrum of KELT-7b but we are only able to determine upper limits of 0.08–1.4 per cent on their presence after accounting for the contribution of the stellar variability to the extracted planetary spectrum. We also discuss the impact of stellar variability on the planetary data. Our results reinforce the importance of monitoring the parent star when performing high-resolution transmission spectroscopy of the planetary atmosphere in the presence of stellar activity.
Dust evolution with MUPPI in cosmological volumes
Authors: Parente Massimiliano , Ragone-Figueroa Cinthia , Granato Gian Luigi , Borgani Stefano , Murante Giuseppe , Valentini Milena , Bressan Alessandro , Lapi Andrea 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT
We study the evolution of dust in a cosmological volume using a hydrodynamical simulation in which the dust production is coupled with the MUPPI (MUlti Phase Particle Integrator) sub-resolution model of star formation and feedback. As for the latter, we keep as reference the model setup calibrated previously to match the general properties of Milky Way-like galaxies in zoom-in simulations. However, we suggest that an increase of the star formation efficiency with the local dust-to-gas ratio would better reproduce the observed evolution of the cosmic star formation density. Moreover, the paucity of quenched galaxies at low redshift demands a stronger role of active galactic nucleus feedback. We tune the parameters ruling direct dust production from evolved stars and accretion in the interstellar medium to get scaling relations involving dust, stellar mass and metallicity in good agreement with observations. In low-mass galaxies, the accretion process is inefficient. As a consequence, they remain poorer in silicate and small grains than higher mass ones. We reproduce reasonably well the few available data on the radial distribution of dust outside the galactic region, supporting the assumption that the dust and gas dynamics are well coupled at galactic scales.
End-of-Life Nursing Education in US Baccalaureate Degree Nursing Programs
Authors: Jeffers Stephanie , Black Sarah , Alessi Gianna 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
End-of-life (EOL) education in baccalaureate nursing degree programs is critical to prepare nurses to care for patients and families with complex physical and psychosocial needs at the EOL. This quantitative descriptive study examines the current state of EOL education in baccalaureate nursing programs across the United States. Results of this study show that nurse educators continue to use strategies to provide this education; however, the amount and frequency of content delivered require improvement, and support for faculty development is needed.
The General Surgery Residency Experience
Authors: Greenberg Anya L. , Cevallos Jenny R. , Ojute Feyisayo M. , Davis Denise L. , Greene Wendy R. , Lebares Carter C. ,   for the General Surgery Research Collaborative on Resident Wellbeing
Published: July 2022

Objectives:
We explored differences by race/ethnicity in regard to several factors that reflect or impact wellbeing.

Background:
Physician wellbeing has critical ramifications for the US healthcare system, affecting clinical outcomes, patient experience, and healthcare economics. Within surgery, literature examining the association between race/ethnicity and wellbeing has been limited and inconclusive.

Methods:
Residents at 16 academic General Surgery training programs completed an online questionnaire. Racial/ethnic identity, gender identity, post-graduate year (PGY) level, and gap years were self-reported. Differences by race/ethnicity in flourishing (global wellbeing) as well as factors reflecting resilience (mindfulness, personal accomplishment, workplace support, workplace control) and risk (depression, emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, stress, anxiety, workplace demand) were assessed.

Results:
Of 300 respondents (response rate 34%), 179 (60%) were non-male, 123 (41%) were residents of color (ROC), and 53 (18%) were from racial/ethnic groups that are underrepresented in medicine (UIM). Relative to White residents, ROC have significantly lower flourishing and higher anxiety, and these remain significant when adjusting for gender, PGY level, and gap years. Relative to residents overrepresented in medicine (OIM), UIM residents have significantly lower emotional exhaustion and depersonalization after adjusting for gender, PGY level and gap years.

Conclusions:
Disparities in resident wellbeing based on race/ethnicity and UIM/OIM status exist. However, the experience of ROC is not homogeneous. As part of the transformative process to address systemic racism, eliminate disparities in surgical training, and reconceptualize wellbeing as a fundamental asset for optimal surgeon performance, further understanding the specific contributors and detractors of wellbeing among different individuals and groups is critical.
Lessons learned about epithelial sodium channels from transgenic mouse models
Authors: Ehret Elodie , Hummler Edith 
Published: July 2022

Purpose of review
This review provides an up-to-date understanding about the regulation of epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) expression and function. In particular, we will focus on its implication in renal Na+ and K+ handling and control of blood pressure using transgenic animal models.

Recent findings
In kidney, the highly amiloride-sensitive ENaC maintains whole body Na+ homeostasis by modulating Na+ transport via epithelia. This classical role is mostly confirmed using genetically engineered animal models. Recently identified key signaling pathways that regulate ENaC expression and function unveiled some nonclassical and unexpected channel regulatory processes. If aberrant, these dysregulated mechanisms may also result in the development of salt-dependent hypertension.
The purpose of this review is to highlight the most recent findings in renal ENaC regulation and function, in considering data obtained from animal models.

Summary
Increased ENaC-mediated Na+ transport is a prerequisite for salt-dependent forms of hypertension. To treat salt-sensitive hypertension it is crucial to fully understand the function and regulation of ENaC.