bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MMR profile and microsatellite instability status in colorectal mucinous adenocarcinoma with synchronous metastasis: a new clue for the clinical practice
Authors: Parente Paola , Malapelle Umberto , Angerilli Valentina , Balistreri Mariangela , Lonardi Sara , Pucciarelli Salvatore , De Luca Caterina , Pepe Francesco , Russo Gianluca , Vigliar Elena , Danza Angela , Scaramuzzi Fabio , Troncone Giancarlo , Graziano Paolo , Fassan Matteo 
Published: February 2022

AimsMucinous adenocarcinoma (MA) is associated with a high frequency of microsatellite instability (MSI). In the metastatic setting, it is crucial to establish mismatch repair (MMR) and/or MSI status. However, genetic heterogeneity between primary tumour and synchronous metastasis and the diagnostic accuracy of the assay may hamper the MMR/MSI status evaluation.MethodsIn this study, we assessed the concordance rate of the MMR/MSI status between primary tumour and paired synchronous metastasis of 25 MAs. MMR status was evaluated by immunohistochemistry (IHC), while MSI status was evaluated by using three different molecular approaches: microfluidic electrophoresis of PCR products (TapeStation 4200 platform), full-closed RTqPCR system (Idylla system) and multiplex amplification with fluorescent primers and subsequent DNA fragment analysis on an automated sequencer (Titano MSI test).ResultsThe concordance rate between primary MA and metastasis was 21/21 (100%), 23/25 (92.0%), 23/25 (92.0%) and 21/25 (84%) by using IHC, Idylla system, Titano MSI test and TapeStation 4200 system. All the four methods used in our study displayed high concordant rate, ranging from 91.0% (IHC vs Tapestation 4200 platform) to 98.0% (IHC vs Titano).ConclusionsSeveral methodologies are frequently adopted in routine practice to successfully perform MMR/MSI status analysis. The most relevant issues related to MMR/MSI status analysis in MAs concern with low percentage of neoplastic cell and abundant mucine that may affect the molecular analysis. Thus, it might be useful to acquire both primary and metastatic sample to evaluate the MMR/MSI status by integrating IHC evaluation and molecular methodologies to successfully perform molecular profiling for MA patients.
Medical treatments for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Pitre Tyler , Mah Jasmine , Helmeczi Wryan , Khalid Muhammad Faran , Cui Sonya , Zhang Melanie , Husnudinov Renata , Su Johnny , Banfield Laura , Guy Brent , Coyne Jade , Scallan Ciaran , Kolb Martin RJ , Jones Aaron , Zeraatkar Dena 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundIdiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a respiratory disorder with a poor prognosis. Our objective is to assess the comparative effectiveness of 22 approved or studied IPF drug treatments.MethodsWe searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and clinicaltrials.gov from inception to 2 April 2021. We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) for adult patients with IPF receiving one or more of 22 drug treatments. Pairs of reviewers independently identified randomised trials that compared one or more of the target medical treatments in patients with IPF. We assessed the certainty of evidence using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach for network meta-analysis. We calculated pooled relative risk (RR) ratios and presented direct or network estimates with 95% credibility intervals (95% CI), within the GRADE framework.ResultsWe identified 48 (10 326 patients) eligible studies for analysis. Nintedanib [RR 0.69 (0.44 to 1.1), pirfenidone [RR 0.63 (0.37 to 1.09); direct estimate), and sildenafil [RR (0.44 (0.16 to 1.09)] probably reduce mortality (all moderate certainty). Nintedanib (2.92% (1.51 to 4.14)), nintedanib+sildenafil (157 mL (–88.35 to 411.12)), pirfenidone (2.47% (–0.1 to 5)), pamrevlumab (4.3% (0.5 to 8.1)) and pentraxin (2.74% (1 to 4.83)) probably reduce decline of overall forced vital capacity (all moderate certainty). Only sildenafil probably reduces acute exacerbation and hospitalisations (moderate certainty). Corticosteroids+azathioprine+N-acetylcysteine increased risk of serious adverse events versus placebo (high certainty).Conclusion and relevanceFuture guidelines should consider sildenafil for IPF and further research needs to be done on promising IPF treatments such as pamrevlumab and pentraxin as phase 3 trials are completed.
Properties of charged particle multiplicities in anti-neutrino interactions of the CHORUS experiment
Authors: Kamışcıoğlu Çağın 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn this study, the charged particle multiplicity distribution produced in anti-neutrino interactions in nuclear emulsion is investigated in terms of the log-normal parametric model and KNO-G scaling for the first time. The results are based on the data collected by the CHORUS experiment in the$$\nu _{\mu }$$νμbeam from CERN SPS. The analysis of 369$$\bar{\nu }_{\mu }$$ν¯μCC events showed that anti-neutrino charged-particle multiplicity data shape is well described by a log-normal distribution. Furthermore, KNO-G scaling has been successfully applied to the data and results confirm the validity of KNO-G scaling for the anti-neutrino interactions. Finally, results are presented in detail in the form of figures and tables.
Anomalies in B mesons decays: a phenomenological approach
Authors: Alda J. , Guasch J. , Peñaranda S. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe experimental measurements on flavour physics, in tension with Standard Model predictions, exhibit large sources of lepton flavour universality violation. We perform an analysis of the effects of the global fits on the Wilson coefficients assuming the Standard Model Effective Field Theory with semileptonic dimension six operators at 1 TeV, and by including a set of different scenarios in which the New Physics contributions to the Wilson coefficients are present in one, two or three of the Wilson coefficients at a time. We compare the results of the global fit with respect to two cases: the Standard Model and the more general case in which new physics modifies three independent Wilson coefficients. The last mentioned scenario is the favoured one for explaining the tension between Standard Model predictions and B-physics anomalies, but a specific more restricted scenario can provide similar goodness with a smaller set of free parameters. A discussion of the implications of our analysis in leptoquark models is included.
Runtime Adaptation of Data Stream Processing Systems: The State of the Art
Authors: Cardellini Valeria , Lo Presti Francesco , Nardelli Matteo , Russo Gabriele Russo 
Published: February 2022

Data stream processing (DSP) has emerged over the years as the reference paradigm for the analysis of continuous and fast information flows, which often have to be processed with low-latency requirements to extract insights and knowledge from raw data. Dealing with unbounded dataflows, DSP applications are typically long running and thus, likely experience varying workloads and working conditions over time. To keep a consistent service level in face of such variability, a lot of effort has been spent studying strategies for runtime adaptation of DSP systems and applications. In this survey, we review the most relevant approaches from the literature, presenting a taxonomy to characterize the state of the art along several key dimensions. Our analysis allows us to identify current research trends as well as open challenges that will motivate further investigations in this field.
A Compact Frequency and Radiation Reconfigurable Antenna for 5G and Multistandard Sub-6 GHz Wireless Applications
Authors: Ullah Shakir , Elfergani Issa , Ahmad Inzamam , Din Iftikhar Ud , Ullah Sadiq , Rehman Khan Wasi Ur , Ahmad Toufeeq , Habib Usman , Zebiri Chemseddine , Rodriguez Jonathan 
Published: February 2022

This paper presents a reconfigurable antenna operating in three modes at different frequency bands with pattern reconfiguration. Frequency and pattern reconfigurability are achieved using four PIN diodes. In particular, two diodes are mounted in the radiating part of the hexagon shape to perform the frequency reconfiguration of the antenna. The other two PIN diodes are connected with the inverted L-shaped and CPW ground by changing the main lobe beam steering to achieve the pattern reconfiguration. An antenna has been designed, fabricated, and numerically and experimentally assessed. The prototype of the antenna is fabricated on a commercially available FR-4 substrate of thickness 1.6 mm (

ε

r

= 4.3). Thus, the proposed antenna supports several 5G sub-6 GHz bands (3.1 GHz, 4.1 GHz, and 3.8 GHz), WiFi (2.45 GHz), as well as (7.8 GHz, 9.5 GHz) X-Band Satellite applications. The obtained results are quite promising. In particular, it is observed that the measured results are in close agreement with the simulation results, and the proposed (compact) antenna prototype can be a prospective candidate for future portable devices, sensor networks, and telecommunication applications.
CT Image under Improved Fuzzy C-Means Clustering Algorithm for Evaluation of the Relationship between Cerebrospinal Fluid Change and Communicating Hydrocephalus after Decompressive Craniectomy in Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Zhang Yanmin , Zhang Chunyue , Wang Yan 
Published: February 2022

This study was aimed to realize the automatic segmentation of communicating hydrocephalus lesions in brain CT after decompressive craniotomy (DC) in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and discover correlation between cerebrospinal fluid changes and communicating hydrocephalus. Based on the traditional fuzzy C-means (FCM) algorithm, a new segmentation method filter-based FCM (FBFCM) algorithm was proposed. With 56 TBI patients as the research objects, the hydrocephalus lesions in CT images of patients after DC were segmented. The segmentation success rate (SSR), the segmentation coefficient Epc, the segmentation entropy Epe, and the number of iterations were indicators reflecting segmentation performance of FBFCM. The region of interest (ROI) on the segmented image was used to study the patient’s cerebral aqueduct, foramen magnum, and C2 level of the cerebrospinal fluid velocity and flow, to analyze the characteristics of the occurrence of communicative hydrocephalus. It was indicated that average Epc of FBFCM algorithm was 0.9321 ± 0.0144, Epe was 0.1126 ± 0.0081, the average number of iterations was 14.42 ± 3.79, and the segmentation success rate was 96%. Moreover, the above four indicators had statistically considerable differences compared with those of the FCM algorithm and the hard clustering algorithm (HCM) (

P

< 0.05). Analysis of the cerebrospinal fluid flow rate in patients with communicative hydrocephalus found that the cerebrospinal fluid flow rate at the midbrain aqueduct of the patient increased greatly. The net flow was 0.000 ± 0.004 mL/s in the aqueduct of the midbrain, 0.001 ± 0.006 mL/s in the foramen magnum, and 0.002 ± 0.004 mL/s in the C2 layer. In summary, the FBFCM algorithm is effective in the segmentation and processing of CT images, which can further improve the effect of this diagnosis. After examination, it is concluded that the cranial cerebrospinal fluid flow rate and flow of TBI patients are improved after DC treatment, so that the patient’s condition can be effectively relieved. It has promotion value with clinical application.
Updated Integrated Analysis of the Efficacy and Safety of Entrectinib in Patients With NTRK Fusion-Positive Solid Tumors
Authors: Demetri George D. , De Braud Filippo , Drilon Alexander , Siena Salvatore , Patel Manish R. , Cho Byoung Chul , Liu Stephen V. , Ahn Myung-Ju , Chiu Chao-Hua , Lin Jessica J. , Goto Koichi , Lee Jeeyun , Bazhenova Lyudmila , John Thomas , Fakih Marwan , Chawla Sant P. , Dziadziuszko Rafal , Seto Takashi , Heinzmann Sebastian , Pitcher Bethany , Chen David , Wilson Timothy R. , Rolfo Christian 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Purpose:
Entrectinib potently inhibits tropomyosin receptor kinases (TRKAs)/B/C and ROS1, and previously induced deep [objective response rate (ORR) 57.4%] and durable [median duration of response (DoR) 10.4 months] responses in adults with NTRK fusion-positive solid tumors from three phase I/II trials. This article expands prior reports with additional patients and longer follow-up.

Patients and Methods:
Patients with locally advanced/metastatic NTRK fusion-positive solid tumors and ≥12 months' follow-up were included. Primary endpoints were ORR and DoR by blinded independent central review (BICR); secondary endpoints included progression-free survival (PFS), intracranial efficacy, and safety. The safety-evaluable populations included all patients who had received ≥1 entrectinib dose.

Results:
At clinical cut-off (August 31, 2020), the efficacy-evaluable population comprised 121 adults with 14 tumor types and ≥30 histologies. Median follow-up was 25.8 months; 61.2% of patients had a complete (n = 19) or partial response (n = 55). Median DoR was 20.0 months [95% confidence interval (CI), 13.0–38.2]; median PFS was 13.8 months (95% CI, 10.1–19.9). In 11 patients with BICR-assessed measurable central nervous system (CNS) disease, intracranial ORR was 63.6% (95% CI, 30.8–89.1) and median intracranial DoR was 22.1 (95% CI, 7.4–not estimable) months. The safety profile of entrectinib in adults and pediatric patients was aligned with previous reports. Most treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) were grade 1/2 and manageable/reversible with dose modifications. TRAE-related discontinuations occurred in 8.3% of patients.

Conclusions:
With additional clinical experience, entrectinib continues to demonstrate durable systemic and intracranial responses and can address the unmet need of a CNS-active treatment in patients with NTRK fusion-positive solid tumors.
Aortic Pulse Wave Velocity as Adjunct Risk Marker for Assessing Cardiovascular Disease Risk: Prospective Study
Authors: Valencia-Hernández Carlos A. , Lindbohm Joni V. , Shipley Martin J. , Wilkinson Ian B. , McEniery Carmel M. , Ahmadi-Abhari Sara , Singh-Manoux Archana , Kivimäki Mika , Brunner Eric J. 
Published: February 2022

Background:
Aortic pulse wave velocity is a noninvasive measure of aortic stiffness and arterial aging. Its current value in cardiovascular risk estimation practice is unknown. We aimed to establish whether aortic pulse wave velocity identified individuals with higher risk of incident major adverse cardiovascular events and improved performance of the American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk score.

Methods:
This prospective analysis included 3837 Whitehall II cohort participants screened in 2008 to 2009, and followed for 11.7 years (mean=10.3, SD=1.81), without history of stroke, myocardial infarction, or coronary heart disease.

Results:

Mean age of the sample was 65.0 years (SD=5.6), 2831 participants (73.8%) were male and mean atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk score was 13.8%. At the end of follow-up, 411 individuals (10.7%) had suffered a major cardiovascular event. Those in the highest aortic pulse wave velocity quartile were at high risk (hazard ratio, 2.99 [95% CI, 2.25–3.97]) and reached the threshold for statin medication (7.5% risk) after 5 years whereas others reached it after 10 years (difference
P
<0.001). The addition of aortic pulse wave velocity to the risk score improved the C statistic (0.68 versus 0.67,
P
=0.03) and net reclassification index (4.6%,
P
=0.04 and 11.3%,
P
=0.02).

Conclusions:
Our results show that aortic stiffness predicted major adverse cardiovascular events in a cohort of elderly individuals, improving the performance of a widely used cardiovascular disease risk estimator. Aortic pulse wave velocity measurement is scalable, radiation-free, and easy to perform. Further studies on its applicability in cardiovascular disease risk assessment in primary care settings are needed.
Recording another History: Songs, Martyrs, and the Cultural Memory of the Tunisian Left
Authors: Carnevale Alessia 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This article investigates the role of songs in recording and transmitting the history and memory of the Tunisian Left. Since its appearance in the mid-1970s, the Tunisian “committed song” has been functioning as an instrument of resistance, struggle, and popular education. Also, these songs have served as archives of a contentious history of the nation, and vehicles of shared memories through times. As such, they have significantly contributed to the construction and re-construction of a leftist cultural memory and identity. Tunisian committed songs record and celebrate popular struggles, commemorate martyrs, speak for political prisoners. By doing so, they mark the events of an alternative calendar, one denied by the historiography of the nation-state. Up to the present days, these songs continue to be performed during days of commemoration and political events, thus contributing to generating solidarity and a common path for different generations of activists. Based on lyrics and oral testimonies collected during fieldwork as well as on participant observation, this article argues that the committed song in Tunisia functions as a partisan and emotional archive of a political community, and as such it creates a space of active and collective memory and imagination.
Evaluating Coupled Climate Model Parameterizations via Skill at Reproducing the Monsoon Intraseasonal Oscillation
Authors: Orenstein Patrick , Fox-Kemper Baylor , Johnson Leah , Li Qing , Sane Aakash 
Published: February 2022

AbstractEmpirically generated indices are used to evaluate the skill of a global climate model in representing the monsoon intraseasonal oscillation (MISO). This work adapts the method of Suhas et al., an extended empirical orthogonal function (EEOF) analysis of daily rainfall data with the first orthogonal function indicating MISO strength and phase. This method is applied to observed rainfall and Community Earth System Model (CESM1.2) simulation results. Variants of the CESM1.2 including upper ocean parameterizations for Langmuir turbulence and submesoscale mixed layer eddy restratification are used together with the EEOF analysis to explore sensitivity of the MISO to global upper ocean process representations. The skill with which the model variants recreate the MISO strength and persistence is evaluated versus the observed MISO. While all model versions reproduce the northward rainfall propagation traditionally associated with the MISO, a version including both Langmuir turbulence and submesoscale restratification parameterizations provides the most accurate simulations of the time scale of MISO events.
The July 2019 European Heat Wave in a Warmer Climate: Storyline Scenarios with a Coupled Model Using Spectral Nudging
Authors: Sánchez-Benítez Antonio , Goessling Helge , Pithan Felix , Semmler Tido , Jung Thomas 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Extreme weather events are triggered by atmospheric circulation patterns and shaped by slower components, including soil moisture and sea surface temperature, and by the background climate. This separation of factors is exploited by the storyline approach in which an atmospheric model is nudged toward the observed dynamics using different climate boundary conditions to explore their influence. The storyline approach disregards uncertain climatic changes in the frequency and intensity of dynamical conditions, focusing instead on the thermodynamic influence of climate on extreme events. Here we demonstrate an advanced storyline approach that employs a coupled climate model (AWI-CM-1-1-MR) in which the large-scale free-troposphere dynamics are nudged toward ERA5 data. Five-member ensembles are run for present-day (2017–19), preindustrial, +2-K, and +4-K climates branching off from CMIP6 historical and scenario simulations of the same model. In contrast to previous studies, which employed atmosphere-only models, feedbacks between extreme events and the ocean and sea ice state, and the dependence of such feedbacks on the climate, are consistently simulated. Our setup is capable of reproducing observed anomalies of relevant unconstrained parameters, including near-surface temperature, cloud cover, soil moisture, sea surface temperature, and sea ice concentration. Focusing on the July 2019 European heat wave, we find that the strongest warming amplification expands from southern to central Europe over the course of the twenty-first century. The warming reaches up to 10 K in the 4-K-warmer climate, suggesting that an analogous event would entail peak temperatures around 50°C in central Europe.

Significance Statement
This work explores a new storyline method to determine the impact of climate change on specific recent extreme events. The observed evolution of the large-scale atmospheric circulation is imposed in a coupled climate model. Variations in climate parameters, including ocean temperatures and sea ice, are well reproduced. By varying the background climate, including CO2 concentrations, it is demonstrated how the July 2019 European heat wave could have evolved in preindustrial times and in warmer climates. For example, up to 10°C warmer peak temperatures could occur in central Europe in a 4°C warmer climate. The method should be explored for other types of extreme events and has the potential to make climate change more tangible and to inform adaptation measures.
Body Image Dissatisfaction, Breastfeeding Experiences, and Self-Efficacy in Postpartum Women with and Without Eating Disorder Symptoms
Authors: Kapa Hillary M. , Litteral Jennifer L. , Keim Sarah A. , Jackson Jamie L. , Schofield Kyle A. , Crerand Canice E. 
Published: February 2022

Background: Women during the postpartum period undergo significant changes which affect body image, eating behaviors, and, potentially, breastfeeding. There is limited research about relationships among these variables, particularly related to breastfeeding experiences and self-efficacy. Research Aims: To determine: (1) the associations between eating disorder symptoms and body image, breastfeeding self-efficacy, and breastfeeding experiences; and (2) the differences in body image, breastfeeding self-efficacy, breastfeeding experiences, and breastfeeding status of postpartum women with and without clinically significant eating disorder symptoms. Methods: A secondary data analysis using a 2-group correlational, cross-sectional online survey design was used. Participants with infants 2–6 months old who had breastfed their infant at least once ( N = 204) were recruited nationally to complete a cross-sectional survey assessing breastfeeding and postpartum physical and mental health using validated measures. Linear and logistic regression evaluated differences between participants with and without eating disorder symptoms regarding their body image, breastfeeding experience and self-efficacy, and breastfeeding status (continued vs. discontinued) at 2 months postpartum. Results: Clinical eating disorder symptoms were reported by 9.8% ( n = 20). Participants with clinical eating disorder symptoms reported lower appearance evaluations ( B = -0.53, 95% CI [-0.93, -0.14]) and body image satisfaction ( B = -0.55, 95% CI [-0.87, -0.23]); reduced odds of breastfeeding at 2 months postpartum (AOR = 0.15, 95% CI [0.04, 0.56]); and lower breastfeeding self-efficacy ( B = -7.70, 95% CI [-14.82, -0.58] relative to participants without clinical symptoms. No differences between groups were observed for breastfeeding experiences. Conclusions: Participants with clinically significant eating disorder symptoms are at risk for early breastfeeding discontinuation and lower breastfeeding self-efficacy. Our findings have implications for future research and clinical care practices, including screening for body image concerns and eating disorder symptoms and supporting breastfeeding self-efficacy.