bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Student Live Behaviour Monitoring During Virtual Class using Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Rohith Reddy A.L. , Anish Gandhi K. , Thakrimul Jaffer S. , Srilekha M.K. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Due to the unexpected change in events in the world, most sectors have been badly affected. One of the main sectors in the educational sector, where many educational institutions have chosen online platforms to continue their education. It has increased the distance between faculty and students which, by the inputs taken from the polls conducted to find out about student academic engagement, has been described as showing that the interest in studies has decreased compared to classroom education. Most of the faculties have been familiar with the online tools for education, but there has been a gap between student and teacher engagement in the online classroom. The tool comes in handy in this situation to understand how the student has been listening to the whole class and to analyze and present a report based on the student’s behavior. The primary objective of this project is to create a self-sufficient agent that can offer information to both teachers and pupils. The level of student involvement is directly related to important academic outcomes like critical thinking and the marks students get on a topic. This Research acts as an add-on feature to the existing virtual meet platform such as zoom etc.
Correction of radial distortion for fish eye lens camera model using code V
Authors: Vijay Kumar Gowda B N , Gauni Sabitha , Maik Vivek 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This work proposes a design of compensation for radial distortion of the barrel and pincushion distortion on picture geometry, both of which damage the image by utilizing the fisheye design model in the code v tool as the basis for the compensation. In order to prevent the picture's form from degrading, this model was constructed using image angle height mapping. As a result, there are two stages to this paper. The first step is to create a fish eye design model that has a field of vision (FOV) of 180 degrees by selecting the most appropriate optical design specification and design parameters. The second step is an examination of the design model utilizing several Code V choices, such as 2D image simulation (ISM), modulation transfer function, spot diagram, and distortion grid. Radial distortion compensation suggests the projection mapping model as a solution to this problem; this model also incorporates the stereographic approach. The compensation outcome is displayed by the 2D picture simulation using the most advanced quantitative measurements and state-of-the-art methods.
Identification of Casting Product Surface Quality Using Alex net and Le-net CNN Models
Authors: Shanthalakshmi M , mishra Susmita , Jananee V , Narayana Perumal P , Manoj Jayakar S 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Casting is a manufacturing process in which a fluid product is normally poured into a mold, which contains a hollow cavity of the preferred form, and afterwards allowed to solidify. A Casting defect is an undesirable abnormality in a metal casting procedure. There are lots of types of issues in casting like blow openings, pinholes, burr, shrinkage issues, product flaws. Defects are an undesirable thing in the casting Industry. In this job, we extracted different casting items features and then applied convolutional neural network-based models for the discovery of the casted item is great or otherwise. So, it observed that neural networks can record the colours as well as textures of casting particularly to respective, which looks like human decision-making. This design is to deploy the Django internet framework. We try out different surfaces as input to convolutional neural networks for the efficient classification of the surface defect.
Enhancing the design by optimizing MTF performance of MLA with overlapping aperture
Authors: Sreenivasulu Medara , Vijay Kumar Gowda B N , Maik Vivek 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we introduced a novel microlens array (MLA) design approach with the use of overlapped apertures. The chief ray tracing and paraxial imaging optics are utilised in projection imaging analysis. This work makes MLA structure design requirements more flexible. The proposed design is small and compact. It provides homogeneous illumination over the whole field of view (FOV). In the demonstration, a comparison of the sample 3x3 MLA projector and the proposed 3x3 MLA projector with the same aperture size is illustrated with the help of overlapped apertures. Finally, the proposed MLA projection imaging simulations are accomplished. It substantially outperforms the basic design in terms of FOV and modulation transfer function (MTF). We performed comparative analysis for proposed design with the help of diffraction MTF analysis tool. Our research will aid in the development and exploration of more efficient and advanced compact MLA projection optical systems.
A Hybrid Machine Learning Based Feature Selection Technique for Attack Detection in NIDS
Authors: Karthika J , Loganathan Sathyapriya , Vanathi M. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Network security has arisen as a critical investigation area in the last period as the internet and communiqué technologies have grown in popularity. The network is protected by firewalls, antivirus software, and intrusion detection systems (IDS) and its related assets in a cyberspace against unauthorised access. These include a network-based intrusion detection system (NIDS) that constantly screens network traffic for hostile and suspicious behaviour in order to ensure the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the data being transmitted over the Internet. However, researchers have made huge efforts to improve detection accuracy while decreasing False Alarm Rates (FAR) and to detect novel incursions, but they still confront difficulties. There has been an increase in the use of IDS systems based on machine learning and deep learning (ML and DL) in recent years. The study’s main goal is to detect attacks using a hybrid ML technique, and essential traits are identified via the Crow Search Algorithm (CSA). In order to improve classification accuracy, the decision tree is mapped to the Extreme Learning Machine (ELM). The decision tree selects features that are good at classifying. Additional weights for the selected features are calculated to improve their categorization accuracy. On the KDDCup dataset, the experiment is carried out in terms of a variety of parameter metrics.
A Digital Twin Approach for deepened Classification of Patients with Hepatitis, Fibrosis and Cirrhosis
Authors: Palaniappan Ramya , Surendran Suseendran 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
With the advent of digital Healthcare system, the world has started to implement various technologies to promote better and quality healthcare solutions to the individuals, increase the life expectancy and reduce the healthcare cost. One among them, is the Digital Twin (DT) which takes the Digital healthcare to its next stage of providing patient tailored treatment to the people. Digital Twin (DT) is the concept of creating the replica of an existing process, workflow or an asset, which enables the data flow between the real component and its counterpart. Accordingly, a hepatitis infection level classifier was built with machine learning and deep learning algorithms to diagnose liver infection and classify the type of hepatitis infection. The implemented models successfully predicted the type of liver infection – hepatitis, fibrosis and cirrhosis with high accuracy. The Artificial Neural network (ANN) outperforms traditional machine learning algorithms in handling sample data related to liver infection. The predicted results have shown that integrating DT to the smart healthcare field would improve the healthcare procedures to provide specific patient tailored treatment and will bring together the patients and healthcare professionals to a smart and intelligent Health- Ecosystem.
Performance of Outage Probability and Ergodic Sum Rate for Two-User Paired NOMA Downlink System
Authors: Shanmugavel G , Vasanthi M S 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) is a technique to support a massive number of users to access the radio resources simultaneously and frequently. Existing conventional multiple access has been exhausting and insufficient for providing physical layer services in fifth Generation (5G) cellular systems. The user-pairing principle is adapted to resolve this issue that fulfils the maximum sum rate and channel utility. But it is lacking when a user with a near gain enters a user pair. Therefore, this paper considers a single pair occupying two different gain users who understand practical circumstances by evaluating outage probability using the stochastic geometry method. The paired users will calculate the ergodic sum rate and calculates the closed-loop solution for the outrage probability. The outage probability performance is obtained between NOMA paired users and the traditional multiple access approaches.
Wearable Virtual Keyboard for Visually Impaired Person
Authors: Sekar Adhiyamaan , Pulim Snigdha Reddy , Jeyasekar A 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Wearable devices are the future of mobile technology, with all the exciting possibilities they offer in terms of ease of usage, compactness, and the ergonomical aspects of such devices. They provide easy accessibility for not only people seeking easier, faster and flexible ways of communicating information between devices, but also individuals with limited mobility, needing disability assistance and with partial or complete blindness. But for the widespread market of upcoming, new-age technology such as wearables, there aren’t a lot of options supporting outputs on peripherals other than a screens. As possible future prospects of wearable technology can be their use in virtual environments - to ease navigation in a simulated reality, in healthcare to provide more efficient and quick input of patient data while diagnosing diseases and prescribing medicines, and so on. In this paper, we discuss the making and workings of a wearable keyboard glove that can be used as a keyboard after being connected to a mobile device, smartwatch, or laptop. The setup consists of gloves that have Bluetooth, Switches, and flex sensors. The device can be used as a keyboard by using a combination of the results from the Flex Sensors that are mounted on the fingers. The device measures the movement of the fingers, records the gesture, and maps a character to each gesture. The gestures are recognized by measuring the change in resistance of the flex sensors and then converting them to an angle through a scaling formula. These values are then divided into three equal parts using a mapping function. This effectively gives us three different positions for each finger to recognize spread into 4 fingers. Switches are also provided for the thumb fingers to detect its position. This provides us with a theoretical total number of gestures of 162. The said gesture is sent via Bluetooth to the paired smart device.
Design of Digital FIR Filter with Systolic Architecture using Reversible Logic Gates
Authors: Pondreti Pushpalatha , Babulu K 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The design of Digital filters plays a prominent role in the present scenario. The delay and area are the two major components that need to be concentrated on. The delay tap present in FIR filters should be suppressed to inflate the speed of the system. In this paper, the FIR filter design using systolic architecture with associative technique is implemented. This system includes a number of identical elements that are interconnected one after another by programmed manner to get the specified output. Here the proposed systolic FIR is compared with TDA logic block using bisection technique. There will be a greater reduce of critical path using the systolic architecture. To intensify the speed and to truncate the system delay the processing elements such as adders, multipliers and delay elements are designed by reversible logic operations. The proposed filter is better in many aspects such as density of gates, power consumption and delay outputs compared with existing filter. Experimental results are performed using the Xilinx ISE tool.
Implementation and Hardware Acceleration of Wiener filter algorithm using Vivado High Level Synthesis HLS for X-ray baggage Images
Authors: Kayalvizhi R , Malarvizhi S 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Many computer vision applications require a real-time image de-noising technique. In recent years to detecting hazardous materials using X-ray baggage images is important means of airport security applications. The image denoising functions to aid decision making by humans is a predictable area of critical need. However, implementing the image processing approach in Hardware Description Language is time consuming and difficult to debug. With High Level Synthesis HLS, the designer may take advantage of libraries to reap the benefits of working at a higher level of abstraction while producing high-performance hardware. HLS tools, on the other hand, provide prospective solutions to hardware design. HLS tools provide us with extensive design assessment capabilities as well as a wide range of optimization strategies. In this research article, Intellectual Property IP core of wienerfilter algorithm is built utilizing HLS and implemented on ZYNQ platform for X-ray baggage image screening applications. We used Pipeline Pragma techniques added to the HLS environment improved performance, and the results were far better than predicted. The solution using the Pragma method with pipelining was to optimize area and 89 percent clock cycle reduction, and the relevance of the pipeline with this speed was well suitable to improve real time performance.
Performance Analysis of InAs-GaAs Gate-all-around Tunnel Field Effect Transistors (GAA-TFET) for Analog/ RF applications
Authors: Saravanan M , Parthasarathy Eswaran , Ramkumar K 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The purpose of this study to explore the performance of InAs-GaAs Gate-all-around (GAA) tunnelling field effect transistors (TFETs) in analogue and RF applications. The TCAD tool was used to assess the device’s overall performance. In order to achieve the InAs-GaAs channel design, the suggested TFET features a gate oxide made of SiO2 near the drain and HfO2 near the source region. As a result of the hetero dielectric gate oxide being used, the tunnelling width at junction between drain and channel (JDC) and junction between source and channel (JSC) is reduced, and the ON-current at the drain-channel junction is increased (ION). Device simulations have revealed that the SiO2-HfO2 gate dielectric has a low off-current (IOFF) of 2.27 x 10−17 A/m, a high enhanced ION of 7.39 x 10−6 A/m. At the time of operation, the sub-threshold swing (SS) was 16.8 mV/dec. Because of its low power consumption, the device could potentially be a better choice for power management circuits used in energy harvesting applications, according to the findings.
Influence of physical parameters on the capacitance of laminated busbars for electric vehicles
Authors: Venugopal Aravind , Robert Femi 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Laminated busbars are essential for highly efficient, high power density applications, especially in the electric transportation sector, due to their unique electrical and mechanical characteristics. Stray parameters in laminated busbars pose a real challenge to designers in industries and researchers in the field since controlling these are crucial in busbar performance. Laminated busbar inductance has been studied extensively in the literature. However, very few works have focussed exclusively on the capacitance of the laminated busbar. In this paper, the impacts of busbar physical parameters on capacitance are studied in detail using Finite Element Modelling (FEM) software, ANSYS Q3D Extractor. The variation of capacitances on laminated busbars concerning several factors such as the busbar dimensions, terminals and apertures on the busbar structure, conductor and insulator materials are analysed.
Performance Improvement of Power Transmission Networks Under Stressed Condition
Authors: Mohanty Swati , Samal Padarbinda , Senapati Rudra Narayan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The traditional method of power generation is not capable of fulfilling the increasing electricity demand. The main objective of installing DG is to put less pressure on the centralized power system and to install them nearer to the load or the consumer. DG and FACTS devices allocation in distribution systems has proved to improve the system performance that is the reduction in power loss, improved voltage profile, controlled power transfer capability, active and reactive power flow, improved transient and dynamic stability, better voltage regulation, etc. In this paper, simultaneous allocation of DG and UPFC is done by using an exhaustive search technique to study the impact on the system in overloading conditions. The main objective is to minimize losses. The power flow analysis is done by using the Newton Raphson method and tested on the IEEE 3-bus system and IEEE 14-bus system in Mi Power 9.0 software.
Design of Novel Solar Tree Phyllotaxy for Enhanced Performance
Authors: Divya Navamani J , Lavanya A , Geetha A 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Major part of rural areas in India has public health institutions like Sub centre (SC), primary health centre (PHC) and community health centre (CHC). Indian government often receives a report from PHC about infant mortality. The major reason of that is lack of neonatal incubators and improper immunization. Hence in order to provide a sufficient incubator with proper immunization storage system, continuous power supply is needed. PHCs are smaller in infrastructure and subjected to frequent power cuts. Taking the above issue into the consideration, an isolated solar tree for PHC is proposed. Many researchers have made researches on different solar structure. Hence this study also focusses on designing different phyllotaxy of the solar tree. The designed solar trees are proposed to implement in a rural area, a remote monitoring of the panel parameters like temperature, voltage and current must be done for the whole setup. If any abnormality occurs, say an increase in dust may lead to poor system efficiency and permanent structural damages to the panel. The online monitoring system will detect this deviation from the nominal value and offer a proper cleaning mechanism (water spray) which will maximum efficiency of the PV system.
Wireless Power charging system with Self-Adjusting Charge nodes for Electric Vehicles
Authors: Kumar Nitesh , Rathod Yashpal , Kumar Shubham , Vidyasagar S 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Electrical Vehicles wireless charging emerges every year with new trends. Charging Techniques for Electric Vehicles has progressed competently in the wireless charging market. Wireless charging takes upon two coupled coils and its mutual inductance is relative to each other. In this work, a self-aligning Wireless Electric Vehicle Charging is proposed. The major idea is to upgrade the efficiency of Electric Vehicle charging through proper alignment for the Receiver and Transmitter of Electric Vehicles.
Intelligent Control for Islanded Operation of Doubly Fed Induction Generator based Wind Energy Conversion System coupled to DC Micro-Grid
Authors: Preethi Santhosam P. , Sowmmiya U. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
A single parameter based fuzzy model for controlling the Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) based Wind Energy Conversion System (WECS) to operate in islanded mode is discussed in this paper. The system employs Rotor Side Converter (RSC) and Stator Side Converter (SSC) connected back-to-back to a dc micro grid. The control scheme for both RSC and SSC employ cascaded control loops: Outer speed and inner current loop for RSC and Outer voltage and inner current loop for SSC respectively so as to provide better response during dynamic conditions. In both control schemes, the outer loop is processed and the error along with its derivative is found to produce a single variable for feeding the fuzzy model. As only one variable is involved, less memory occupancy, less complex control and computation is faster. The RSC control employs the speed reference obtained through power calculator based maximum power tracking method which is novel in its kind. The SSC employs the terminal voltage at PCC for the outer voltage loop. The simulation of the system under constant and variable wind speeds is carried out using Simpower Systems toolbox of MATLAB. The results indicate that the efficacious working of the system with faster response to dynamic variations.
Dynamic State Estimation of Electric Power Systems Using Kalman Filtering Techniques
Authors: Angel Basil , Duraisamy Maharajan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The Kalman filter (KF) algorithm analyses power system state estimation using a number of specific equations to reduce the mean squared error. The Kalman filter is used to calculate the dynamic states of a power system network, including voltage and its angle at all buses (rotor angle) with respect to a synchronously rotating reference frame (in radians) and relative angular speed (in rad./sec) of all the generators in the system. Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) and Unscented Kalman Filter (UKF) approaches were developed on the Anderson & Fouad 9-bus test power system in this proposed work, and the performance of the aforementioned techniques was examined for state estimation effectiveness.
A Five Leg Converter with Multi-Transmitter for an In-Motion Charging System
Authors: Yuvaraja S. , Narayanamoorthi R. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
A dynamic wireless power transfer (DWPT) extends the driving range of an Electric Vehicle (EV). The dependency of the bulk volume energy storage device can be reduced by electrified highways. The effective concern on the design of charging pads will improve the power transferring profile and the constant charging. The life cycle of the batteries will be increased by DWPT technology. There are several issues related to the coil design in the DWPT system including sensitive misalignment tolerance, volume to weight ratio of the couplers, and electromagnetic exposure limits. The SAE J2954 guides the designer by their developed standards on the DWPT charging system. The power transfer capability of the charging pads maintained maximum level during misalignment conditions by compensation network. The charging couplers positioned on the roadside has driven by an expandable multiple leg converter. The five-leg converter is proposed in this paper to energize the four charging couplers and the single receiver is used to charge the battery.
A novel technique for spatiotemporal dahazing of video image
Authors: Hari U. , Ruhan Bevi A. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Recently video surveillance in smart city projects is becoming more and more popular. Generally, high quality image is required in video image analysis and recognition. Often bad weather conditions like atmospheric haze, fog, and smoke affect captured outdoor images and result in loss of visibility and poor contrast. In this paper, we propose a new method for a single image and video dehazing. Many complex methods are existing for removing haze from hazy images. In this paper, we propose a method that combines dark channel prior(DCP) and bright channel prior(BCP) along with a guided filtering technique to perform effectively and efficiently by spatiotemporal means in video dehazing. To extract the global atmospheric light accurately, we exploit multiple prior DCP and BCP underlying hazy images. In addition, the rough transmission map is estimated and improvised using a guided filter to get refined transmission. The experimental result shows that our proposed algorithm enhances the colour fidelity reduces the halo effect and improves the efficiency of video dehazing.