bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Impact of an Organization-Wide Electronic Health Record (EHR) System Upgrade on Physicians' Daily EHR Activity Time: An EHR Log Data Study
Authors: Wong Lori , Sexton Kevin W. , Sanford Joseph A. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Objective This article assesses the impact of a health care organization's electronic health record (EHR) upgrade on providers' daily EHR activity time.
Methods Daily EHR activity time (minutes/day) was acquired through EHR log data that automatically tracks user activity. Subjects were attending and resident physicians in the departments of family medicine, hospitalist medicine, and the neonatal intensive care unit working in the inpatient setting. The EHR upgrade occurred in August 2020, and the comparison groups were pre-upgrade (May 31, 2020–July 25, 2020) and post-upgrade (August 30, 2020–October 31, 2020). A two-tailed, two-sample t-test was used to assess statistical significance.
Results The pre-upgrade group had 146 users, and the post-upgrade group had 140 users. There was no statistically significant difference between the pre-upgrade group (mean (M): 104.74 minutes/day, standard deviation [SD]: 70.64) and post-upgrade group (M: 103.38 minutes/day, SD: 64.77), even after splitting the data by user type and user type and department.
Conclusion This study showed no significant difference in daily EHR activity time post-upgrade. More research is needed to truly understand the impact of EHR upgrades on user efficiency. Understanding the content of each upgrade might be key in understanding their effect on users, and we hope to explore that in the future.
Can dogs increase children’s attention and concentration performance? A randomised controlled trial.
Authors: Hediger Karin , Turner Dennis C. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Many practitioners report that the presence of an animal, or interaction with an animal, increases the attention and concentration of children, elderly persons or patients. Previous studies support this impression via indirect variables, but direct effects on children’s attention performance have not yet been measured. We therefore designed a study that used neuropsychological concentration tasks to test the effect of the presence of dogs, and contact with dogs, on children’s performance. In a randomised, controlled crossover trial, 24 children between 10-14 years completed a memory task and three neuropsychological attention tests. We also used passive infrared hemoencephalography (PIR HEG) to assess a biological correlate of attention. The children interacted with either a trained therapy dog or the robotic dog AIBO for 15 minutes before they completed the tests. We found that the learning effect in the memory test, as well as in the neuropsychological attention test “Cancellation Screen”, was significantly enhanced (
p
= 0.021) when children were in the presence of, or interacted with the dog. No such effect was found in the two attention tests, “Continuous Performance Test” and “Divided Attention Bimodal”. In the presence of the robotic dog, attention processes measured in frontal brain activity, via PIR HEG, were significantly reduced over time during the test “Divided Attention Bimodal” (
p
< .001). These processes did not decrease in the presence of the real dog. We found no such difference during the two other attention tests. Moreover, the PIR HEG signal was significantly higher in general in all three attention tests in the presence of the dog. We conclude that interacting with a dog, or the presence of a dog, may increase children’s attention and concentration performance.
An investigation into the efficacy of therapy dogs on reading performance in 6-7 year old children
Authors: Wohlfarth Rainer , Mutschler Bettina , Beetz Andrea , Schleider Karin 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

There is scientific evidence that the presence of a therapy dog can positively impact on the performance of cognitive tasks (e.g.
Gee et al., 2010
). The aim of this study was to examine the effects of a therapy dog on reading performance. Twelve children in second grade, aged 6 to 7 years old, were randomly assigned to two groups in a cross-over design. Six boys and six girls read a text in the presence of a dog and, in another session, a similar text in the presence of a human confederate. Several parameters of the reading performance and human-dog interaction were assessed. In our study a therapy dog rather than a friendly female student improved the reading performance of children in three out of four task parameters: correct word recognitions, correct recognitions of punctuation marks, and correct line breaks. There was no significant influence of the dog on reading time. The four reading parameters did not show significant correlations with the total length of eye or body contact with the dog. Results in this study are consistent with previous research that documented a positive impact on the performance of cognitive tasks in preschoolers due to the presence of a therapy dog (e.g.
Gee et al., 2012
). Our results add two new aspects. Firstly, data indicate that the presence of a dog can also be beneficial for older children. Secondly, the promotion of performance also applies to reading.
His Bark is Worse than His Bite: Perceptions and Rationalization of Canine Aggressive Behavior
Authors: Orritt Rachel , Gross Harriet , Hogue Todd 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Qualitative methods are increasingly used to investigate the complexities of the dog-human relationship. In order to inform a larger study of human dog interaction, a focus group study was carried out to address the question ‘How is aggressive behavior in dogs perceived and rationalized by people who have experience of dog behavior?’ Six focus groups, including three ‘non-professional’ groups (two groups of dog owners and one group of amateur trainers) and three ‘professional’ groups (a behaviorist group, veterinary group and academic group) were carried out, involving participants who were recruited opportunistically. The focus group transcripts were analyzed using thematic analysis. Findings indicated that participants who do not work with dogs in a professional capacity are largely defensive of dogs when discussing aggressive behavior. However, these participants also discussed factors that make a dog ‘risky’ and how responsible owners manage that risk and the characteristics of ‘dangerous dogs’. For the professional groups, aggressive behavior in dogs presents a barrier to everyday work. They considered working with the owners of dogs showing aggressive behavior and battling anthropogenic stereotypes and misconceptions to be part of the professional challenge. Professionals also contributed views on the nature of ‘dangerous dogs’ and demonstrated awareness of how perceptions could be distorted by the media and propagation of stereotypes. This research highlights the variability of perceptions about canine aggressive behavior. Findings can inform the critical interpretation of quantitative results, and offer a foundation for quantitative study of human directed aggressive behavior in dogs.
Enactive Anthrozoology: Toward an integrative theoretical model for understanding the therapeutic relationships between humans and animals.
Authors: Verheggen Theo , Enders-Slegers Marie-Jose , Eshuis Jannes 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAnthrozoology continues to advance forward in research and in professionalization of animal assisted interventions. What the discipline is still lacking, however, is a unified theoretical framework “explaining how and why relationships between humans and animals are potentially therapeutic” (Kruger & Serpell, 2010). We propose such a framework, inspired by enactivism (Varela, Thompson, & Rosch, 1992), to integrate the most prominent psychological constructs and biological facts that are currently known in anthrozoological research. Mutual, fully embodied attunement of behavior between living systems is the central concept we put forward in this paper. We address how, in the context of humans and many other animals, meaning production, communication, reflexivity, as well as the shaping of affectivity and behavioral routines all follow from this central principle. The interconnection of key anthrozoological issues and theories—including attachment theory, social support theory, and the biophilia hypothesis— are discussed in direct relation to the mutual, embodied attunement of behavior between humans and animals. We also sketch how this theoretical model may open new domains for doing research.
Homelessness and Animal Companionship in Bloomington, Indiana
Authors: Kim Christine H. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This study is the first to examine Bloomington, IN’s subpopulation of people experiencing homelessness with animals. To understand this subpopulation’s basic demographics, social service needs, and existing resources, eight families were recruited for the study from a service fair offering free veterinary care, pet supplies, and grooming to companion animals of people experiencing homelessness. The event was intended to be an isolated kick-off for a pilot year of capacity building programming in partnership with local homeless service providers. This article presents information which was collected from the first service fair through semi-structured interviews and the administration of the Lexington Attachment to Pets Scale. The data from this study reveal participants’ high attachment to their animals and a need for more pet-friendly overnight shelters. Other themes that emerge include homeless animal guardians’ restricted access to day-time services, a struggle to find temperature controlled places to sleep in extreme weather, and an absence of documentation supporting emotional support animal claims. Bloomington’s homeless advocates, direct service professionals, and program developers can ground efforts to assist people experiencing homelessness with companion animals using findings from this study.
No Pets Allowed: Landlord Attitudes Towards Pets in a Small Canadian City
Authors: Krachun Carla , Wilson McLennon J. G. , Hoddinott Joshua 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Pet ownership is associated with greater mental and physical well-being, but it can also make some aspects of life more difficult. For example, many landlords have a ‘no-pets’ policy, which is especially problematic in areas where rental units are already in short supply. We examined landlord attitudes towards tenants with pets in a small Canadian city with a consistently low vacancy rate. Sources of data included classified advertisements over a 15-year period and telephone interviews with 32 landlords currently advertising rental units. Questions examined included: has the proportion of landlords adopting a no-pets policy increased over time; which specific concerns do landlords have about pets; and what factors, if any, might increase landlords’ willingness to allow pets? Our analyses indicated an increase over time in the proportion of ads explicitly stating a no-pets policy, from less than a third in the early 2000s to more than half in the most recent years examined. These proportions were related to fluctuating vacancy rates. Interviews with landlords revealed concerns about pets that focused mostly on potential damage to rental units, with their concerns sometimes based upon past experiences. However, landlords also reported encountering similar problems when renting to tenants without pets, and of the 18 landlords who had initially posted ads explicitly stating a no-pets policy, 8 said that they would nevertheless consider pets under some conditions. Pet owners may be able to increase their ease of finding housing by addressing these factors.
The Impact of a Care Recipient’s Pet on Caregiving Burden, Satisfaction, and Mastery: A Pilot Investigation
Authors: Bibbo Jessica , Proulx Christine M. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Older adults who require assistance with their own self-care most likely need assistance with pet care. These pet care tasks are likely taken on by their family caregivers (i.e., informal caregivers). However, the potential impact of an older adult’s pet on caregivers’ emotional experiences has not been explored. Role theory was used to model the impact of a care recipient’s pet (i.e., number of pet care tasks performed and the perceived costs of care recipients’ pet ownership) on caregivers’ levels of caregiving burden, satisfaction, and mastery. The moderating role of the perceived bond between the care recipient and their pet, the caregiver’s closeness to the pet, and mutuality in the caregiver-care recipient relationship were also examined. Forty-nine caregivers who did not consider themselves to be co-owner of their care recipients’ pet completed a one-time on-line survey. Path analyses controlling for perceptions of inadequate help were conducted separately for each outcome variable using the maximum likelihood for missing values. The perceived costs of the care recipients’ pet ownership were directly associated with lower caregiving mastery. The perceived bond between the care recipient and their pet moderated the association between the number of pet care tasks and satisfaction. The caregivers’ closeness to the pets moderated the association between the perceived costs and satisfaction. Caregiver-care recipient mutuality moderated the relationships between pet care tasks and burden, pet care tasks and mastery, and costs and mastery. Care recipients’ pets are likely to have an impact on the subjective experiences within the role of caregiver. These impacts are likely qualified by the human-animal bond, and to a larger extent, the caregiver-care recipient relationship.
‘Thriving Through Relationships’ as a useful adjunct to existing theoretical frameworks used in human-companion dog interaction literature
Authors: Gravrok Jennifer , Bendrups Dan , Howell Tiffani , Bennett Pauleen C. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The relationship formed between a human and a dog can be transformative. Human-Animal Interaction (HAI) research aims to understand why these relationships are so important. Within this field, human-dog relationships have been explained through various theoretical constructs, of which the ‘biophilia hypothesis’, ‘attachment theory’ and ‘social support’ are the most common. However, none of these constructs completely explain the benefits that human-dog relationships can provide. In this paper, a new theory, the Thriving Through Relationships (TTR) theory, is applied to human-dog relationships, in order to ascertain its capacity to further explain the benefits that dogs can provide to humans. The TTR theory proposes mechanisms for immediate and long-term indicators of thriving, which may add new insight into how human-dog relationships are beneficial. Multiple dimensions of thriving are used to explain how a supportive other could assist an individual to thrive, both in the face of adversity and during times of relative normalcy. The TTR theory may, therefore, enhance understanding of the transformative potential of human-dog relationships.
Accuracy of Canine vs. Human Emotion Identification: Impact of Dog Ownership and Belief in Animal Mind
Authors: Hawkins Roxanne D. , Hatin Bianca D.M. , Revesz Eszter O. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Humans are adept at extrapolating emotional information from the facial expressions of other humans but may have difficulties identifying emotions in dogs. This can increase risk for compromised dog and human welfare. Experience with dogs, and beliefs in animal minds, may influence interspecies emotional communication, yet limited research has investigated these variables. In this study, participants (n = 122 adults) were asked to identify human and dog emotional facial expressions (happiness, fearfulness, anger/aggression) through an online experimental emotion recognition task. Experience with dogs (through dog ownership and duration of current dog ownership), emotion attribution (through beliefs about animal mind), and demographics were also measured. Results showed that fear and happiness were more easily identified in human faces, whereas aggression was more easily identified in dog faces. Duration of current dog ownership, age, and gender identity did not relate to accuracy scores, but current dog owners were significantly better at identifying happiness in dog faces than non-dog owners. Dog ownership and duration of ownership related to increased beliefs about, and confidence in, the emotional ability of dogs. Additionally, belief in animal sentience was positively correlated with accuracy scores for identifying happiness in dogs. Overall, these exploratory findings show that adult humans, particularly current dog owners and those who believe in the emotionality of dogs, can accurately identify some basic emotions in dogs but may be more skilled at identifying positive than negative emotions. The findings have implications for preventing negative human-animal interactions through intervention strategies that target animal emotionality.
The Anodyne-Agent Model: A Framework for Conceptualizing the Animal’s Role in Animal-Assisted Intervention
Authors: Fournier Angela K. , Letson Elizabeth A. , Berry Thomas D. , Laitala Jennifer , Proels Lauren , Kavanaugh Kelli 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This research introduces the anodyne-agent model as a framework for conceptualizing the animal’s role in animal-assisted interventions. The model suggests animals assist interventions aimed at human health and well-being by (a) enhancing positive emotion and decreasing negative emotion, and/or (b) serving as agents in the therapeutic process. An experiment is described to demonstrate the anodyne-agent model. This investigation engaged 45 women and men in a between-groups, posttest-only experiment. Participants were randomly assigned to one of three conditions (i.e., a horse, a dog, or a no-animal control condition). Dependent measures included quantity of human-animal interaction measured with the Human-Animal Interaction Scale, positive and negative emotion measured with the Modified Dimensional Emotions Scale, and psychosocial learning measured via participant qualitative report. Results showed positive emotion was higher following sessions with an animal and correlated with quantity of human-animal interaction. Psychosocial learning differed by condition and was also associated with human-animal interaction. Findings illustrate the utility of the anodyne-agent model. Replication with larger, more diverse samples is warranted.
Neuromuscular changes after a Long Distance Triathlon World Championship
Authors: Cuba‐Dorado Alba , Álvarez‐Yates Tania , Carballo‐López Javier , Iglesias‐Caamaño Mario , Fernández‐Redondo Diego , García‐García Oscar 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACTThis study aimed to determine the neuromuscular changes in muscle contractile properties and countermovement jump (CMJ) performance after a long distance (LD) triathlon, inquiring to what extent it is influenced by gender and the evaluated muscle, and to explore for response differences. Four elite (2 females and 2 males) and 18 well‐trained triathletes (3 females and 15 males) who competed in the 2019 LD Triathlon World Championship undergone, prior and post‐race, a CMJ and a muscle contractile properties assessment in vastus lateralis (VL) and biceps femoris (BF) using tensiomyography. A mixed ANOVA was carried out to detect triathletes’ neuromuscular changes after the competition. A large decrease in jump height and flight time was found in CMJ (p = 0.001, ηp2 = 0.767) with gender differences (ηp2 = 0.308). contraction (Tc), delay (Td) and sustain times (Ts) also showed a large decrease (p = 0.001, ηp2 = 0.174–0.413). However, maximum radial muscle belly displacement was not altered by the competition, but did greatly increase radial displacement velocity (p = 0.031; ηp2 = 0.212). No gender differences were found in contractile properties. Correlation analysis between race performance and the jumping and tensiomyography parameters only showed a moderate negative correlation with Tc of the BF in pre‐ and post‐competition (r = −0.44; −0.43; p = 0.05). In conclusion, triathletes after a LD World Championship suffer a sharp drop in jump performance and variations in VL's and BF's contractile properties, showing decreases in Tc, Td and Ts without gender differences. The regular use of these parameters can allow the monitoring of triathlete's neuromuscular fatigue and aid in the distribution of more efficient loads in their training cycles.
Testing regular black holes with X-ray and GW data
Authors: Riaz Shafqat , Shashank Swarnim , Roy Rittick , Abdikamalov Askar B. , Ayzenberg Dimitry , Bambi Cosimo , Zhang Zuobin , Zhou Menglei 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The presence of spacetime singularities in physically relevant solutions of the Einstein Equations is normally interpreted as a symptom of the breakdown of classical general relativity at very high densities/curvatures. However, despite significant efforts in the past decades, we do not have yet any robust theoretical framework to solve the problem of spacetime singularities. In this context, the past few years have seen an increasing interest in the study of phenomenological scenarios to describe singularity-free black holes, gravitational collapses, and cosmological models. In the present work, we consider the recent proposal by Mazza, Franzin & Liberati for a rotating regular black hole and we measure their regularization parameter l from the available X-ray and gravitational wave black hole data. For l = 0, we recover the singular Kerr solution of general relativity, while for l ≠ 0 we can have a regular black hole or a regular wormhole. Our analysis shows that the available data are consistent with a vanishing regularization parameter l and we can constrain its value. From a NuSTAR spectrum of the Galactic black hole in EXO 1846-031, we find l/M < 0.49 (90% CL). From the gravitational wave event GW190707A, we find l/M < 0.72 (90% CL).
Design of a passive optical network test scenario
Authors: Alvarado-Jaimes R , Rincón-Quintero A D , Sandoval-Rodriguez C L , Tarazona-Romero B E , Ascanio-Villabona J G 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Passive optical networks with gigabit ethernet speeds aim to bring internet and communications technologies using fiber optics to the end user. A test scenario for passive optical networks with gigabit ethernet speeds has been implemented. In this test scenario, practices are carried out from the installation of a manager for the administration, operation and maintenance of the active equipment, to the configuration of different types of services over this technology. Unicast and multicast traffic transport tests have been carried out. This test scenario of passive optical networks with low-cost gigabit ethernet speeds allowed simulations with different topologies and network configurations to be carried out and then transferred to real metropolitan networks. The design of the test scenario has been used to simulate the implementation of new technologies on this type of networks before they are implemented in the commercial networks of an Internet service provider. This test scenario has also been used for training in the design and implementation of passive optical networks with gigabit ethernet capabilities.