bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Non–adjuvant polichemotherapy for advanced ovarian cancer
Authors: Nosirova F. T. , Umarzoda S. G. , Khodjieva M. M. 
Published: July 2022

Aim. To evaluate the effectiveness of non-adjuvant polichemotherapy in the combined treatment of advanced ovarian cancer. Material and methods. The material for the study was the clinical data of the 238 patients who were examined and treated in the SI “Republic Oncology scientific center” of the MHSP of the RT with morphologically proved diagnosis of ovarian cancer. The average age of patients was 45,7 ± 0,92 years. Non-adjuvant polichemotherapy was performed in 64(27,9 %) patients: 61 patients with stage III and 3 patients with stage IV of the diseases. Perfomance status of patient was evaluated by EGOG scale (WHO). The effectiveness of non-adjuvant polichemotherapy to evaluate by clinical data (scale Registry for evaluate the effectiveness of the therapy solid tumors on 4 categories, recommended by EORTC&NCL,2000y. (data of recto-vaginal bimanual observation, ultrasound and markers of tumor until treatment and after 2 cycle of the polichemotherapy). Statistical methods included program SPSS 16.0 Results and discussion. As a result of non-adjuvant polichemotherapy, complete tumor regression was noted in 16(25 %) patients, portial tumor regression was noted in 20 (31,2 %) patients, stabilization was noted in 18(28,1 %) and progression was noted in 10 (15,6 %) patients. The overall objective effectiveness of non-adjuvant polichemotherapy was equal to 84,4 %. Conclusion. The overall objective effectiveness of non-adjuvant polichemotherapy was equal to 84,4 % and allowed the achievement of optimal surgery of 43,7 % patients. Disruption of the rhythm of chemotherapy treatment contributes to the decrease in frequency of optimal cytoreductive operations and affects the outcome of the disease.
Interleukin-6 level is a powerful predictor of risk for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) among Iraqi patients
Authors: Al-Fatlawey Esraa S. , Al-Hilaly Ikhlass Ali Hussein , Omara Ali M. 
Published: July 2022

Background: Several studies demonstrate the existence of cytokine dysregulation in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), which may be associated with pathogenesis, disease progression, and patient survival. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of IL-6 levels and the risk of AML among Iraqi patients. Methods: A case-control study was carried out to analyze IL-6 levels in the serum of 60 patients with AML and a healthy control group. In this study, AML patients were divided into two groups: 30 AML before receiving treatment and 30 AML after receiving treatment. A variety of biochemical and anthropometric measurements, such as sex and age, BMI, serum IL-6, ALT, AST, urea, and creatinine levels, were examined in this study. Results: With regard to the patient group, the BMI, RBC, WBC, Hb, Lymphocytes, neutrophils, platelets, serum ALT, AST, urea, and creatinine levels revealed a significant difference compared with the control group.
Depth Profiles of Re-Os Geochemistry in Drill Cores from Hole U1530A in Brothers Volcano Hydrothermal Field, Kermadec Arc: Mobilization and Extreme Enrichment of Os by Volcanic Gas
Authors: Nozaki Tatsuo , Ishida Mizuki , Takaya Yutaro , Chang Qing , Kimura Jun-Ichi , Kato Yasuhiro 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBetter understanding metallogenesis in oceanic crust depends on costly sea-floor drilling projects in areas where metal-bearing deposits, such as sea-floor massive sulfide deposits, are currently forming. In 2018, International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) Expedition 376 recovered drill cores from an active hydrothermal field at Brothers volcano, in the Kermadec arc. These provide insight into the formation of mineral deposits along arcs, the structure and permeability of hydrothermal sites, and the relationship between the discharge of magmatic fluids and the deep biosphere. We report whole-rock major and trace element compositions and the Re-Os isotope geochemistry of hydrothermally altered volcanic rocks in a core from Hole U1530A, extending 453 m beneath the sea floor, and unaltered volcanic rocks in cores from four other drilling sites and interpret these data to better understand subseafloor mixing of hydrothermal fluids and ambient seawater. The core exhibits more radiogenic 187Os/188Os values than typical basal values in four intervals. We propose two causal mechanisms of these radiogenic values: (1) mixing between seawater and hydrothermal fluid, associated with abundant deposition of sulfide or sulfate minerals; and (2) ingress of seawater with radiogenic 187Os/188Os values, associated with abundant chlorite and high porosity. Extreme Os enrichments up to 61.5 ppb are interpreted as the result of mobilization of Os as OsO4 or OsF6 and transport by volcanic gas, which also affected the Re-Os geochemistry of the rocks from the other Expedition 376 holes. Mobilization and transport of Os by volcanic gas may be an appreciable factor in the influx of unradiogenic Os into the ocean.
Meta-Universe from the Perspective of Historical Materialism: Formation Mechanism, Critical Dimension and Reconstruction Path
Authors: Xu Xian 
Published: July 2022

The meta-universe is an object world in which reality and virtuality are linked by science and technology. The meta-universe originated from philosophers' questioning of the universe and was driven by the modernity of capitalism. It realizes the threefold satisfaction in the philosophical sense, but hinders the all-round and free development of human beings, promotes the instrumental rationality but weakens the value rationality. To reconstruct the value of the meta-universe in the socialist context, we must adhere to the path of scientific and technological innovation oriented by people's interests. Consolidate the position of Marxism and accelerate the establishment of anti-monopoly system in digital world governance.
ALCUNE RIFLESSIONI SUI DOCENTI CHE INSEGNANO NEI “PERCORSI DI ALFABETIZZAZIONE E APPRENDIMENTO DELLA LINGUA ITALIANA”
Authors: Deiana Igor 
Published: July 2022

Attraverso un’analisi delle caratteristiche del corpo docente dei Percorsi di alfabetizzazione e apprendimento della lingua italiana, il presente contributo si propone di evidenziare alcuni dei punti di forza e debolezza di questi corsi. Sulla base di quanto emerso da un’indagine rivolta ai docenti che vi insegnano si metterà a fuoco il profilo degli insegnati della scuola primaria e degli altri docenti che lavorano in questi corsi. Ci si concentrerà sulla loro formazione iniziale, l’eventuale conseguimento di specializzazioni in italiano L2, l’esperienza maturata rispetto all’insegnamento dell’italiano L2 e LS, la frequenza di momenti di formazione e aggiornamento e i bisogni formativi dichiarati dagli stessi intervistati. Inoltre, grazie a quanto emerso da un’indagine rivolta esclusivamente ai docenti di Lingua italiana per discenti di lingua straniera, noti anche come A23, si proporranno alcune riflessioni rispetto alle caratteristiche dei docenti che lavorano in questi corsi.

Some reflections on teachers who teach in “literacy and Italian language learning courses”
This paper concentrates on the the Provincial Centre for Adult Education, commonly called CPIA (Centro Provinciale per l’Istruzione degli Adulti) and in particular on Literacy and Italian language courses for foreigners (Percorsi di alfabetizzazione e apprendimento della lingua italiana or Percorsi AALI). Based on the results of two surveys administrated to a sample of CPIA’s teachers in 2019 and 2020, the focus is on the teachers of Percorsi AALI. Starting from the analysis of the teacher profiles, the quality of Percorsi AALI is examined by the critical aspects in order to understand the causes.
LE ISTRUZIONI NEI MANUALI PER L’INSEGNAMENTO DELL’ITALIANO L2
Authors: Semplici Stefania 
Published: July 2022

Partendo dall’analisi di un corpus di istruzioni tratte da manuali di italiano L2 di recente pubblicazione destinati ad apprendenti di quattro diversi livelli di competenza linguistica, la ricerca descritta in questo contributo si è proposta di indagare in primo luogo il rapporto fra istruzioni e tecniche didattiche. Analizzando le istruzioni tramite un apposito data base la ricerca ha quindi consentito di evidenziare la relazione fra le tecniche didattiche e il momento del percorso didattico nel quale vengono utilizzate, anche in riferimento alle operazioni didattiche svolte. Infine, si è voluto indagare la tipologia di tecniche didattiche in riferimento ai diversi livelli di competenza linguistica.

Textbooks instructions for teaching Italian L2
The article describes the analysis of a corpus of recently published Italian L2 textbooks for learners of four different language proficiency levels. By means of a specifically designed database, the analysis investigates the relationship between instructions and teaching techniques in order to highlight their relationship, both focusing on the teaching/learning process, and the learners’ linguistic proficiency.
The Kids Could Be Alright: A Call for Comprehensive Sexual Education
Authors: Kollars Kate 
Published: July 2022

Providing children with education to keep them healthy and safe shouldn’t be a partisan issue. It’s common sense. And as discussion around the #MeToo movement has shown, it’s more important now than ever. Stories of sexual assault have become daily news in the U.S., but the state of sexual education remains shockingly inadequate. Only 24 states require sexual education be taught, and only 13 states require the information to be medically accurate.1 Parents (independent of race, income, or party affiliation) overwhelmingly want their children to learn about sexual health in school,2 but a chasm remains between what families want and what is actually being taught.
The influence of patient gender in healthcare professional decision-making: an interaction analysis of simulation debriefings
Authors: Gauci Andrea Amato , Attoe Chris , Woodhead Charlotte , Hatch Stephani L , Kainth Ranjev 
Published: July 2022

Previous research suggests that gender bias is pervasive in health care and has deleterious effects on treatment outcomes for patients. When developing and improving training on gender bias, we need to further our understanding of how such topics arise and are sustained in conversations between healthcare professionals (HCPs). The aim of this study is to analyze the influence of patient gender in HCP decision-making by analyzing how they surface, discuss and manage topics around gender.An ethnomethodological qualitative study using discursive psychology and conversation analysis was implemented to examine 10 simulation debriefs in a specialized mental healthcare simulation centre in London. Video footage was obtained from mental health simulation training courses on bias in clinical decision-making, involving HCPs from mixed healthcare professions. Following transcription of selected segments, the debriefs were analyzed and repeated patterns of interaction were captured in distinct themes.Four main themes were identified from the data, indicating some of the ways in which conversations about gender are managed: collaboration (to encourage discussion), surprise (when unexpected topics arose), laughter (to diffuse tense situations) and silence (demonstrating careful thinking). Patients with mental health conditions were perceived differently in terms of treatment decisions due to existing gender biases.The persistence of gender bias that may result in discrimination in health care with negative consequences attests to the need for greater awareness and training development at various levels to include an intersectional approach.
Tocopherol Enhances the Antioxidant Defense System and Histomorphometric Parameters in The Gastrointestinal Tract of Rats Treated with Sodium Arsenite
Authors: Oladokun Olayemi 
Published: July 2022

Arsenic compromises the gastrointestinal integrity and function via the body's anti-oxidative system breakdown. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the effects of tocopherol on redox imbalance and histoarchitectural alterations in rats' gastrointestinal tract exposed to sodium arsenite. Sodium arsenite and graded doses of tocopherol were administered orally into experimental rats assigned to different groups for four weeks concurrently. Redox status assay was done in homogenized samples by spectrophotometry. Parietal cell mass and mucous cell density (stomach), villus height and crypt depth (ileum), goblet cells count, and crypt depth (colon) were evaluated by histomorphometry. Inflammatory cells infiltration was also assessed using a semi-quantitative procedure. Sodium arsenite caused a significant increase in Malondialdehyde and Myeloperoxidase but, decreased Superoxide dismutase, Catalase, Nitric oxide, Glutathione peroxidase, Glutathione, and Glutathione-S-Transferase. Tocopherol treatment reversed the changes (p<0.05) though not largely dose-dependent. Furthermore, tocopherol annulled sodium arsenite-induced increase in parietal cell mass and decrease in mucous cell density in the stomach, decrease in villus height and villus height/crypt depth ratio in the ileum, and decrease in goblets cells and increase in crypt depth in the colon. Moreover, activated inflammatory cell infiltration by sodium arsenite was mitigated by tocopherol. Sodium arsenite provokes not only marked inflammatory cellular infiltration but a focal loss of glands, hyperplasia of crypts, atrophic villi, and hypertrophy of Peyer’s patches in the intestines, which are all lessened with tocopherol treatment. These findings underscore the anti-oxidative properties of tocopherol as a potent dietary factor against sodium arsenite toxicity in the gastrointestinal tract.
Keywords: Tocopherol, arsenic, stomach, ileum, colon
Anosmia pada COVID-19
Authors: Samuel Ishak , Wreksoatmodjo Budi Riyanto 
Published: July 2022

<p>Sejak tanggal 11 Maret 2020, WHO telah mendeklarasikan COVID-19 sebagai pandemi. Gejala COVID-19 yang paling umum adalah demam, malaise, dan batuk kering, namun dapat juga muncul gejala gangguan penghidu atau anosmia. Anosmia pada COVID-19 dapat disebabkan oleh invasi langsung oleh virus melalui epitel hidung dan bulbus olfaktorius pada reseptor ACE2. Anosmia pada COVID-19 ini dapat timbul tiba-tiba atau didahului oleh gejala ringan seperti batuk kering. Tatalaksana anosmia pada COVID-19 masih terus berkembang dan diteliti lebih lanjut.</p><p>Since March 11, 2020, WHO has declared COVID-19 a pandemic. The most common symptoms of COVID-19 are fever, malaise, and dry cough, but there can also be symptoms of olfactory dysfunctions including anosmia. Anosmia in COVID-19 can be caused by direct viral invasion through the nasal epithelium and olfactory bulb at the ACE2 receptor. Anosmia in COVID-19 can spontaneously appear or preceded by mild symptoms such as dry cough. The management of anosmia in COVID-19 is still developing and needs more in-depth research.</p><p> </p>
Aliado silencioso: Alemania Occidental y la modernización del sector de la defensa en España, 1945-1986
Authors: Sanz Díaz Carlos 
Published: July 2022

Este artículo reconstruye la lógica política, tecnológica y económica de las relaciones entre España y Alemania en el ámbito de la defensa entre 1945 y 1986 desde el punto de vista de las aportaciones alemanas a la modernización militar de España. La RFA fue una fuente destacada de transferencias tecnológicas a España, aunque muy por detrás de Estados Unidos y Francia. La década de 1945-1955 y el periodo democrático a partir de 1975 ofrecieron las condiciones más favorables para el intercambio, primero esencialmente bilateral y privado, y después cada vez más oficial y multilateral en el marco de la OTAN.
Point-of-Care Anti-Counterfeit Medicines Technologies
Authors: Iloh GU , Akodu B A , Emeka E A 
Published: July 2022

Background: Substandard and falsified medicines pose a serious threat to public health throughout the world but disproportionately afflict under-resourced nations with weak pharmaceutical regulatory mechanisms. The prescription of medicines is an event in which a medical practitioner(MP) is a decision maker for the ultimate consumer who is the patient.
Aim: The study was aimed at describing awareness, identification, utilization, and barriers to utilization of point of-care overt anti-counterfeit medicine technologies(ACMTs) and the drivers, dangers and preventive measures of substandard and falsified medicines among MPs in Abia State.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study done on 178 MPs in Abia State, Nigeria. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire that elicited information on awareness, identification, utilization of overt ACMTs and its barriers. The drivers, dangers and preventive measures for substandard and falsified medicines were also studied.
Results: The mean age±SD of the respondents was 34±8.2 (Range 24-72 years). There were 159(89.3%) males. All the respondents (100%) were aware of the point-of-care overt ACMTs with the most commonly identified types being labelling (100%), packaging (100%), printing graphics (100%), and mobile authentication numbers(MAN) (100%). The most commonly utilized ACMTs were labelling (100%), packaging (100%) and printing (100%) technologies. Time constraint (100%) was the predominant predisposing barrier to utilization of overt ACMTs. The commonest classes of falsified and substandard medicines were anti-malarial (100%), anti-bacterial (100%) and analgesics (100%). The most common driver and danger of substandard and falsified medicines alluded to by the respondents were poor pharmaceutical products regulatory systems (100%) and treatment failures (100%), respectively. The most recommended preventive measure was securing supply chain of medicines (100%).
Conclusion: Awareness of point-of-care overt ACMTs was very high but did not appear to translate to comparable utilizations for all types. The most commonly utilized overt ACMTs were labelling, packaging and printing technologies. Time constraint was identified as a possible predominant barrier to utilization of overt ACMTs. The commonest classes of substandard and falsified medicines were anti-malarial, anti-bacterial and analgesic medicines. It was believed that the commonest driver of substandard and falsified medicines was poor pharmaceutical products regulatory system and all these could result in treatment failures. Securing supply chain of medicinal products may serve as an effective preventive measure.
Pattern and Predictors of Patients' Willingness to Comply with Recommendations after Surgical Consultations in a Teaching Hospital in Nigeria
Authors: Okonta K E , Ogaji D S 
Published: July 2022

Background: Willingness of patients to comply with decisions taken during surgical consultations may influence the quality of care and health outcome.
Objective: This study determined the pattern and predictors of patients' willingness to adhere to surgical recommendations.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study involving about 490 adults recruited by systematic sampling. The content validity and internal consistency reliability of the tool which assessed patients' willingness to comply with recommendations for follow-up visit, drug prescription, investigation and surgical procedure were determined. Frequencies distribution and multivariate ordinal logistic regressions were conducted and p-value <0.05 was considered significant.
Results: A total of 466 respondents' data was analysed giving a response rate of 95.1%. The Cronbach's alpha of the questionnaire was 0.7 and the mean age of the respondents was 43.7 +15.7 years. About a fifth (18.2%) earned more than N==150,000 (»$385) and out-of-pocket payment was the prevalent mode of making payments (83.3%). Follow-up visit was the most frequent recommendation (31.8%) and patients' willingness to accept recommendations ranged from 62.7% (admission) to 93.2% (prescription). The visit status was the most consistent predictors of patients' willingness to accept the various recommendations.
Conclusion: Fewer patients were willing to accept the recommendation for an admission than other recommendations. Findings are useful in developing strategies to improve patients' adherence with recommendations following consultations with surgeons.
Keywords: Consultation; Hospital; Inpatient; Nigeria; Outpatient; Patient Acceptance of HealthCare; Teaching.
Awareness, Availability and Use of Teaching Aids and Skills Acquisition Materials in Family Medicine Training Centres in West Africa
Authors: Fatusin AJ , Oseni TIA , Salam TO , Kalala K S , Fatusin B B , Ameh P , Ayisi-Boateng N K , Bafana N A A` 
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Teaching aids and skills acquisition tools are rapidly forming an integral part of Family Medicine postgraduate training worldwide. While some training centres in West Africa have made concerted efforts to ensure their use, many still have a lot to improve on. Hence, there is a need to objectively determine its level of awareness, availability, and use in the sub-region.
Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study involving all consenting Heads of Department and Training Coordinators of all centres with current West Africa College of Physicians Family Medicine accreditation. The Google link to a questionnaire comprising socio-demographic variables, questions on awareness, availability and use of various teaching aids and skill acquisition tools was sent to the respondents via WhatsApp message. Continuous variables were expressed as mean ± standard deviation and categorical variables as frequencies and percentages. Chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were used to determine factors associated with and predictors of availability and use of teaching aids/skills acquisition tools.
Results: The response rate was 107(84.3%) from all currently accredited West Africa College of Physicians Family Medicine training centres. Their mean age was 54±7 years; they were predominantly 93(86.9%) certified as trainers. All the respondents felt the use of teaching aids/skills acquisition materials will enhance learning in their departments. However, most were aware and used traditional resources (97.2%) and non-electronic (96.3%) resources. Only 10 (9.3%) respondents had mannequins for training Resident Doctors.
Conclusion: Most Family Medicine Trainers in West Africa are aware and support the use of teaching aids/skills acquisition materials. However, the uptake is currently very low. There is an urgent need for the Postgraduate College and all stakeholders to look into ways of improving the use of teaching aids/skills acquisition materials in the sub-region.
Keywords: Awareness; Family Medicine; Skills acquisition; Teaching aids; West Africa.