bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of a multidimensional housing and environmental quality index (HEQI): application to the American Housing Survey
Authors: Chu MyDzung T. , Fenelon Andrew , Rodriguez Judith , Zota Ami R. , Adamkiewicz Gary 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundSubstandard housing conditions and hazardous indoor environmental exposures contribute to significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Housing indices that capture the multiple dimensions of healthy housing are important for tracking conditions and identifying vulnerable households. However, most indices focus on physical deficiencies and repair costs and omit indoor environmental exposures, as few national data sources routinely collect this information.MethodsWe developed a multidimensional Housing and Environmental Quality Index (HEQI) based on the World Health Organization’s Housing and Health Guidelines and applied it to the 2019 American Housing Survey (AHS). The HEQI consisted of ten domains associated with poor health: household fuel combustion, dampness and mold, pests and allergens, lead paint risk, high indoor temperatures, low indoor temperatures, household crowding, injury hazards, inadequate water and sanitation, and ventilation. We evaluated the validity and performance of the HEQI against three housing characteristics (i.e., year built, monthly rent costs, unit satisfaction rating) and two established indices (i.e., Adequacy Index, Poor Quality Index).ResultsApproximately 79% (92 million) of U.S. households reported at least one HEQI domain associated with poor health (mean per household: 1.3; range: 0,8). Prevalent domains included household fuel combustion (61.4%), dampness and mold (15.9%), inadequate water and sanitation (14.3%), and injury hazards (11.9%). Pests and allergens, low indoor temperatures, and injury hazards were consistently associated with older homes, lower rent costs, and lower unit satisfaction. Compared to established housing indices, the HEQI captured four new environmental domains which enabled the identification of 57.7 million (63%) more households with environmental risk factors like mold, cockroaches, crowding, household fuel combustion, and higher building leakage.ConclusionsIndoor environmental exposures are prevalent in U.S. households and not well-captured by existing housing indices. The HEQI is a multidimensional tool that can be used to monitor indoor environmental exposures and housing quality trends in the U.S. Some domains, including radon, pesticides, asbestos, noise, and housing accessibility could not be assessed due to the lack of available data in the AHS. The mounting evidence linking residential environmental exposures with adverse health outcomes underscore the need for this data in the AHS and other national surveys.
Clinical analysis and artificial intelligence survival prediction of serous ovarian cancer based on preoperative circulating leukocytes
Authors: Feng Ying , Wang Zhixiang , Cui Ran , Xiao Meizhu , Gao Huiqiao , Bai Huimin , Delvoux Bert , Zhang Zhen , Dekker Andre , Romano Andrea , Wang Shuzhen , Traverso Alberto , Liu Chongdong , Zhang Zhenyu 
Published: May 2022

AbstractCirculating leukocytes are an important part of the immune system. The aim of this work is to explore the role of preoperative circulating leukocytes in serous ovarian carcinoma and investigate whether they can be used to predict survival prognosis. Routine blood test results and clinical information of patients with serous ovarian carcinoma were retrospectively collected. And to predict survival according to the blood routine test result the decision tree method was applied to build a machine learning model.The results showed that the number of preoperative white blood cells (p = 0.022), monocytes (p < 0.001), lymphocytes (p < 0.001), neutrophils (p < 0.001), and eosinophils (p < 0.001) and the monocyte to lymphocyte (MO/LY) ratio in the serous ovarian cancer group were significantly different from those in the control group. These factors also showed a correlation with other clinicopathological characteristics. The MO/LY was the root node of the decision tree, and the predictive AUC for survival was 0.69. The features involved in the decision tree were the MO/LY, differentiation status, CA125 level, neutrophils (NE,) ascites cytology, LY% and age.In conclusion, the number and percentage of preoperative leukocytes in patients with ovarian cancer is changed significantly compared to those in the normal control group, as well as the MO/LY. A decision tree was built to predict the survival of patients with serous ovarian cancer based on the CA125 level, white blood cell (WBC) count, presence of lymph node metastasis (LNM), MO count, the MO/LY ratio, differentiation status, stage, LY%, ascites cytology, and age.
Venous return and mean systemic filling pressure: physiology and clinical applications
Authors: Persichini Romain , Lai Christopher , Teboul Jean-Louis , Adda Imane , Guérin Laurent , Monnet Xavier 
Published: May 2022

AbstractVenous return is the flow of blood from the systemic venous network towards the right heart. At steady state, venous return equals cardiac output, as the venous and arterial systems operate in series. However, unlike the arterial one, the venous network is a capacitive system with a high compliance. It includes a part of unstressed blood, which is a reservoir that can be recruited via sympathetic endogenous or exogenous stimulation. Guyton’s model describes the three determinants of venous return: the mean systemic filling pressure, the right atrial pressure and the resistance to venous return. Recently, new methods have been developed to explore such determinants at the bedside. In this narrative review, after a reminder about Guyton’s model and current methods used to investigate it, we emphasize how Guyton’s physiology helps understand the effects on cardiac output of common treatments used in critically ill patients.
Efficacy and safety of Elian Granules in treating chronic atrophic gastritis: study protocol for a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter clinical trial
Authors: Gu Zhijian , Jia Qingling , Cong Jun , Cen Rong , Chen Yongqi , Wu Chenheng , Gong Biao , Tang Xudong , Ling Jianghong 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Multifocal atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia are considered to be important links in the gastric precancerous cascade. However, there are no specific drugs for these conditions. Although many studies have shown that traditional Chinese medicine is effective with no serious side effects, these studies have not been scientifically rigorous trials. Our aim is to design a high-quality trial for a Chinese patent medicine, Elian Granules, to investigate its efficacy and safety in treating patients with chronic atrophic gastritis with or without intestinal metaplasia.

Methods
This is a phase II, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter clinical trial. A total of 240 participants will be assigned to a treatment or placebo control group in a 1:1 ratio. The experimental drug or placebo will be taken with boiling water, two small bags (24.2 g) each time, twice a day, half an hour after a meal, for 24 weeks. The primary outcome is the observation of histological changes in the gastric mucosa of patients with atrophic gastritis with or without intestinal metaplasia after 6 months based on the OLGA/OLGIM staging systems. The secondary outcomes include the assessment of dyspepsia and quality of life based on the dyspepsia symptom score and the quality-of-life scale.

Discussion
This study is designed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Elian Granules in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter manner. This trial may not only provide evidence for a phase III clinical trial, but also an alternative option for the treatment of chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG).

Trial registration
Registry Platform For Evidence-Based Traditional Chinese Medicine ChiMCTR2000003929. Registered on 13 September 2020
Chondroitin sulfate enhances the barrier function of basement membrane assembled by heparan sulfate
Authors: Tao Chenqi , Makrides Neoklis , Chuang Jen-Zen , Wu Yihua , Brooks Steven E. , Esko Jeffrey D. , Sung Ching-Hwa , Zhang Xin 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
Glycosaminoglycans are ubiquitously expressed polysaccharides that are attached to proteoglycans. Here, we showed that ablation of the heparan sulfate (HS) polymerase Ext1 in retinal progenitor cells did not affect initial progression of retinal angiogenesis, but it disrupted the pruning of blood vessels and establishment of arterioles and venules. In the absence of retinal HS, blood vessels were also vulnerable to high oxygen tension in early postnatal stages, which could be rescued by exogenous vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), consistent with the role of retinal HS in the fine-tuning of VEGF signaling. Furthermore, we observed that the retinal inner limiting membrane (ILM) was disrupted by deletion of Ext1 in a timing-specific manner, suggesting that retinal HS is required for the assembly but not the maintenance of the basement membrane. Lastly, we showed that further deletion of C4st1, a chondroitin sulfate (CS) sulfation enzyme, did not affect the assembly of the ILM but, when combined with Ext1 deletion, it aggravated the retinal permeability by disrupting the retinal glycocalyx. These results demonstrate an important role of CS and HS in establishing the barrier function of the extracellular matrix.
Rural-Urban Differences in Breast Cancer Surgical Delays in Medicare Beneficiaries
Authors: Zipkin Ronnie J. , Schaefer Andrew , Wang Changzhen , Loehrer Andrew P. , Kapadia Nirav S. , Brooks Gabriel A. , Onega Tracy , Wang Fahui , O’Malley Alistair J. , Moen Erika L. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Delays between breast cancer diagnosis and surgery are associated with worsened survival. Delays are more common in urban-residing patients, although factors specific to surgical delays among rural and urban patients are not well understood.

Methods
We used a 100% sample of fee-for-service Medicare claims during 2007–2014 to identify 238,491 women diagnosed with early-stage breast cancer undergoing initial surgery and assessed whether they experienced biopsy-to-surgery intervals > 90 days. We employed multilevel regression to identify associations between delays and patient, regional, and surgeon characteristics, both in combined analyses and stratified by rurality of patient residence.

Results
Delays were more prevalent among urban patients (2.5%) than rural patients (1.9%). Rural patients with medium- or high-volume surgeons had lower odds of delay than patients with low-volume surgeons (odds ratio [OR] = 0.71, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.58–0.88; OR = 0.74, 95% CI = 0.61–0.90). Rural patients whose surgeon operated at ≥ 3 hospitals were more likely to experience delays (OR = 1.29, 95% CI = 1.01–1.64, Ref: 1 hospital). Patient driving times ≥ 1 h were associated with delays among urban patients only. Age, black race, Hispanic ethnicity, multimorbidity, and academic/specialty hospital status were associated with delays.

Conclusions
Sociodemographic, geographic, surgeon, and facility factors have distinct associations with > 90-day delays to initial breast cancer surgery. Interventions to improve timeliness of breast cancer surgery may have disparate impacts on vulnerable populations by rural-urban status.
Dynamics of the range of Cytisus scoparius (L.) Link (Fabaceae) in Eastern Europe (Ukraine and Belarus)
Authors: Melnyk Victor , Baransky Alexander , Savchuk Sergey , Dubovyk Dmitryi , Leostrin Artem , Melnyczenko Natalia 
Published: May 2022

Regularities of dynamics of geographical didstribution of Scotch broom (Cytisus scoparius (L.) Link., Fabaceae) in the East European plain (Ukraine, Belorus) over the past 200 years are established. This species absent in floristic reports of XIX century, so for at that time it was not the component of native flora of this region. It was a cultivated species in forestries for wild animals forage. From places of cultivation C. scoparius was penetrated to natural ecosystems, occupying the niches in outskirts of forest massives, forest openings, forest cultivated coenoses, in ecotons between forests and ploughed fields, along forest rouds and paths. The rate of migration of C. scoparius increase in XX century and especially in XXI century in connections with getting warmer of climate and intensive anthropogenic change of environment (wood felling on a mass scale, absence of treatnunt on a vast places of ploughed fields, presents of many open pits and dumps of rocks, where C. scoparius found suitable habitats). Strong frost and drought are slow down, but do not stop migrating of C. scoparius in East. Inclution C. scoparius in Red Date Book of former Soviet Union was mistakenly.
Risk in the activities of football companies on the example of Olympique Lyonnais and GKS Katowice
Authors: Grabowski Artur 
Published: May 2022

Purpose: The aim of the paper is to present the economic situation of two publicly listed companies: GKS Katowice (Poland) and Olympique Lyonnais (France). Both enterprises have different ownership models: Olympique Lyonnnais is a privately owned club, and GKS Katowice belongs to a municipal government. However, both clubs operate in the realities of different market economic system (Poland and France) and also at a different level of economic development. It is common that football companies function under uncertainty and risk. This is heightened by additional characteristic factors for this type of activity such as uncertainty of outcome in sports competition. The adoption of professional sport activities also automatically runs to the risk, but this is not the only problem that the company has to face. In addition, both clubs had to deal with new challenges: COVID-19 pandemic and lockdowns. The paper presented the functioning of both football companies during the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdowns.
Methodology: The first part of this research study discusses some particular points of the business strategy and risk management in the context of football companies’ management. The economic and financial situation of two football companies is presented, namely: Olympique Lyonnais and GKS Katowice. The focus is on sports, economic and financial criteria to assess the standing of football companies. This paper combines the conclusions from secondary data analysis, content analysis of web­sites as well as qualitative and quantitative analysis. The study also employs a comparative analysis.
Research and practical limitations: Football companies are in the need to take several actions: a) continuously search for new sources of financing and diversification of activities, b) conclude long sponsorship agreements. Building a solid financial foundation and looking into the future can help football companies get through times of various crises and the COVID-19 pandemic.
Comparing surgical strategies for end-stage anteromedial osteoarthritis
Authors: Mikkelsen Mette , Wilson Hannah A. , Gromov Kirill , Price Andrew J. , Troelsen Anders 
Published: May 2022

Aims Treatment of end-stage anteromedial osteoarthritis (AMOA) of the knee is commonly approached using one of two surgical strategies: medial unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) or total knee arthroplasty (TKA). In this study we aim to investigate if there is any difference in outcome for patients undergoing UKA or TKA, when treated by high-volume surgeons, in high-volume centres, using two different clinical guidelines. The two strategies are ‘UKA whenever possible’ vs TKA for all patients with AMOA. Methods A total of 501 consecutive AMOA patients (301 UKA) operated on between 2013 to 2016 in two high-volume centres were included. Centre One employed clinical guidelines for the treatment of AMOA allowing either UKA or TKA, but encouraged UKA wherever possible. Centre Two used clinical guidelines that treated all patients with a TKA, regardless of wear pattern. TKA patients were included if they had isolated AMOA on preoperative radiographs. Data were collected from both centres’ local databases. The primary outcome measure was change in Oxford Knee Score (OKS), and the proportion of patients achieving the patient-acceptable symptom state (PASS) at one-year follow-up. The data were 1:1 propensity score matched before regression models were used to investigate potential differences. Results The matched cohort included 400 patients (mean age 67 years (SD 9.55), 213 (53%) female, mean BMI 30.2 kg/m2, 337 (84%) American Society of Anesthesiologists grade ≤ 2). We found a mean adjusted difference in change score of 3.02 points (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.41 to 4.63; p < 0.001) and a significantly larger likeliness of achieving PASS (odds ratio 3.67 (95% CI 1.73 to 8.45); p = 0.001) both in favour of the UKA strategy. Conclusion UKA and TKA are both good strategies for treating end-stage AMOA. However, when compared as a strategy, UKA achieved larger improvements in OKS, and were more likely to reach the PASS value at one-year follow-up. Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2022;3(5):441–447.
Population birth outcomes in 2020 and experiences of expectant mothers during the COVID-19 pandemic: A ‘born in Wales’ mixed methods study using routine data
Authors: Jones Hope , Seaborne Mike , Cowley Laura , Odd David , Paranjothy Shantini , Akbari Ashley , Brophy Sinead 
Published: May 2022

Background
Pregnancy can be a stressful time and the COVID-19 pandemic has affected all aspects of life. This study aims to investigate the pandemic impact on pregnancy experience, rates of primary childhood immunisations and the differences in birth outcomes in during 2020 to those of previous years.

Methods
Self-reported pregnancy experience: 215 expectant mothers (aged 16+) in Wales completed an online survey about their experiences of pregnancy during the pandemic. The qualitative survey data was analysed using codebook thematic analysis. Population-level birth outcomes in Wales: Stillbirths, prematurity, birth weight and Caesarean section births before (2016–2019) and during (2020) the pandemic were compared using anonymised individual-level, population-scale routine data held in the Secure Anonymised Information Linkage (SAIL) Databank. Uptake of the first three scheduled primary childhood immunisations were compared between 2019 and 2020.

Findings
The pandemic had a negative impact on the mental health of 71% of survey respondents, who reported anxiety, stress and loneliness; this was associated with attending scans without their partner, giving birth alone, and minimal contact with midwives. There was no significant difference in annual outcomes including gestation and birth weight, stillbirths, and Caesarean sections for infants born in 2020 compared to 2016–2019. There was an increase in late term births (≥42 weeks gestation) during the first lockdown (OR: 1.28, p = 0.019) and a decrease in moderate to late preterm births (32–36 weeks gestation) during the second lockdown (OR: 0.74, p = 0.001). Fewer babies were born in 2020 (N = 29,031) compared to 2016–2019 (average N = 32,582). All babies received their immunisations in 2020, but there were minor delays in the timings of immunisations. Those due at 8-weeks were 8% less likely to be on time (within 28-days) and at 16-weeks, they were 19% less likely to be on time.

Interpretation
Whilst the pandemic had a negative impact on mothers’ experiences of pregnancy. Population-level data suggests that this did not translate to adverse birth outcomes for babies born during the pandemic.
aqui somos um barco de aprender com o outro
Authors: Santos dos Santos Luana , Gonçalves Larisse Medeiros , Bernartt Maria de Lourdes , Pontarolo Edilson 
Published: May 2022

Esta resenha é de uma tese aborda a pesquisa-ação se realiza atuando junto a um campesinato que, recriado através da luta pela terra, organizou uma Rede Camponesa de Agroecologia como uma estratégia de luta na terra que impulsiona a resistência e enfrentamento à subordinação do capital. Essa rede foi organizada por meio de intercâmbios de trocas de saberes, baseados nos princípios metodológicos “camponês a camponês”. A tese central do trabalho é que as Redes Camponesas de Agroecologia são capazes de construir processos que contribuem com a autonomia camponesa ampliando o controle de seus territórios e, dessa forma, fortalecendo a luta na terra. Para isso, foram demonstradas e esclarecidas as formas de subordinação do campesinato pelo capital, assim como as algumas estratégias de construção da autonomia camponesa. Bem como o resgate histórico da construção do movimento agroecológico no Brasil e a compreensão teórica da agroecologia constituíram-se o ponto de partida para compreender e identificar os processos de autonomia impulsionados pela Rede Camponesa de Agroecologia. A tese aponta aponta importantes caminhos para impulsionar o desenvolvimento territórial, "mostrando que por meio da agroecologia é possível ampliar a autonomia camponesa, transformando não apenas as relações de produção, mas alterando também as relações políticas, sociais e econômicas, fortalecendo o modo de vida e o território camponês", como a própria autora descreve.
Heart rate variability as a function of menopausal status, menstrual cycle phase, and estradiol level
Authors: Ramesh Sharanya , James Matthew T. , Holroyd‐Leduc Jayna M. , Wilton Stephen B. , Sola Darlene Y , Ahmed Sofia B. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractLow estradiol status is associated with increased cardiovascular risk. We sought to determine the association between heart rate variability (HRV), a marker of cardiovascular risk, at baseline and in response to stressor as a function of menopausal status, menstrual cycle phase and estradiol level. Forty‐one healthy women (13 postmenopausal, 28 premenopausal) were studied. Eleven premenopausal women were additionally studied in the high and low estradiol phases of the menstrual cycle. HRV was calculated by spectral power analysis (low Frequency (LF), high frequency (HF) and LF:HF) at baseline and in response to graded Angiotensin II (AngII) infusion. The primary outcomes were differences in HRV at baseline and in response to AngII. Compared to premenopausal women in the low estradiol phase, postmenopausal women demonstrated lower baseline LF (p = 0.01) and HF (p < 0.001) measures, which were not significant after adjustment for age and BMI. In response to AngII, a decrease in cardioprotective HRV (ΔHF = −0.43 ± 0.46 ln ms2, p = 0.005 vs. baseline) was observed in postmenopausal women versus premenopausal women. Baseline HRV parameters did not differ by menstrual phase in premenopausal women. During the low estradiol phase, no differences were observed in the HRV response to AngII challenge. In contrast, women in the high estradiol phase were unable to maintain HRV (ΔLF = −0.07 ± 0.46 ln ms2, p = 0.048 response vs. baseline, ΔHF = −0.33 ± 0.74 ln ms2, p = 0.048 response vs. baseline). No association was observed between any measure of HRV and estradiol level. Menopausal status and the high estradiol phase in premenopausal women were associated with reduced HRV, a marker of cardiovascular risk. Understanding the role of estradiol in the modulation of cardiac autonomic tone may help guide risk reduction strategies in women.