bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Carbon Nanotube Reinforced Rubber Composites
Authors: Singaravel D K , Sharma S , Kumar P 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The mechanical characteristics of nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) and carbon nanotube (CNT) nanocomposites were investigated using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations in this study. The crystal with CNT is created with a volume fraction of about 2.47% and 4.86%. The constant strain method was used to calculate the young's modulus, shear modulus, and bulk modulus of the nanocomposite. The integration of CNT inside the rubber composite matrices increased the mechanical properties. The simulation results show that the young’s, bulk, and shear modulus of NBR 2-CNT were enhanced by about 47.10%, 28.39 %, and 17.86 % respectively when compared to the pure NBR.
Molecular dynamics simulation of mechanical properties of graphene reinforced natural rubber composites
Authors: Hussain Syed Asad , Sharma Sumit 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Molecular dynamics simulation has been performed to compare the properties of graphene (GE) sheet reinforced natural rubber (NR) nanocomposites with pristine natural rubber. Three different molecular level models have been prepared, one for pristine natural rubber and the other two for 3.6% and 7.8% volume fraction of graphene in rubber nanocomposite. The Constant strain minimization approach is used to predict the mechanical properties of the developed molecular models. It has been observed that there is a significant increment of up to 83.37% in Young’s modulus, 40.06% in bulk modulus, and 23.24% in shear modulus by the addition of 7.8% volume fraction of graphene in NR nanocomposite, respectively.
Comparative Study and Analysis of Structural and Optical Properties of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles using Neem and Mint Extract prepared by Green synthesis method
Authors: Koli Kartikey , Rohtela Kartik , Meena Deshraj 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis work reports the comparative analysis and study of synthesis of Zinc oxide (ZnO) Nanoparticles by using Neem and Mint leaves’ extract by green synthesis method. Green synthesis is a non-toxic, eco-friendly, and low-cost approach to synthesize Nanoparticles. Leaves of Neem and Mint are used for synthesis of ZnO Nanoparticles by boiling at temperature 60°C. The synthesized ZnO NPs (of both extracts) are then characterized separately by using XRD (X-Ray diffraction) confirms the hexagonal (wurtzite) structure of the ZnO nanoparticles with crystalline size 25.51 nanometer and 26.29 nanometer for Neem and Mint respectively, FTIR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) shows the highest peak at 1047cm-1and 3295cm-1for Mint and Neem respectively. UV spectroscopy shows the absorption peak for ZnO nanoparticles at 366 nm and 356 nm for Mint and Neem respectively.
Finite element analysis of U-frame of robotic gait trainer for rehabilitation
Authors: Thakur K , Banwait S S , Bedi R 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The use of robotic trainers in the medical field for rehabilitation has increased in recent years due to the results they can achieve compared to conventional therapy methods. This study proposes the design of a U-frame and handrail assembly in a dynamic bodyweight support system of a robotic trainer and provides the static structural analysis of the model. Von Mises stress distribution and fatigue life of the components have been provided to ensure the safety of the model during the rehabilitation process. The material considered for the simulation on the Ansys workbench is mild steel. The peak stress value observed is 96.64 MPa. In case of fatigue failure, the model provided is safe for the infinite cycle with a safety factor of 2.5.
Study of Effect of Carbon nanotube on Tensile, Impact and Flexural properties of Carbon fibre/epoxy reinforcement polymer
Authors: Praneeth H R , Patil Shreekant , Budavi Prajwal , Srinivas G S , Usman Mohammed , Pasha Sarjil 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Aircraft is highly efficient man-made flying machine, despite its complexity. One of the most essential considerations in the design and development of an aircraft is the structure's weight. This work is concerned with fabrication and experimental investigations of the mechanical properties of Carbon fiber Reinforcement Polymers (CFRP) along with Carbon Nanotubes (CNT) as additives. The usage of high-performance polymeric composites is a valuable alternative to conventional materials due to their high mechanical properties, stiffness to weight ratio and damage tolerance. The present work evaluates mechanical properties of CNT added CFRP’s and compares it with the CFRP alone. Samples of carbon reinforced composites added with CNT are fabricated by hand lay-up process and their mechanical properties such as tensile strength, flexural strength and impact strength are investigated by the experimental study. The CNT with 0.5wt. %, 1 wt.%, and 2 wt.% are added to the carbon fiber reinforcement polymer. The addition of CNT to CFRP resulted in improvement of tensile strength by 27.5 %, 53.25 %, and 40 % respectively. The tested specimens were observed by SEM which showcased the phenomenon of fibre breakage and pull out under loading conditions.
Flexural response of glass/epoxy composites to thermal shocks and conditioning environment in varying loading rate
Authors: Shrivastava Ruchir , Singh K. K. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The structural integrity of composites faces severe challenge in the form of environmental extremes. Therefore, its performance in those cases were of great interest. In the present work, flexural strength of glass/epoxy composites were analysed in the environment of thermal shock generated by cryogenic exposure as well by thermal conditioning. Four cases were chosen, room temperature (RT), cryogenic conditioning (LN), thermal conditioning below (BG) and above glass transition temperature (AG). The exposure time for all the environments was kept constant at 24 hours. These responses are investigated with two sets of loading rates (i) 1 mm/minute and (ii) 10 mm/min. The experimental results indicate that; all three scenarios deeply impact the flexural response of the specimen. The first set experiences changes in flexural strength, strain, and chord modulus by (2.75, -8.52, 11.32), (21.36, 39.75, -6.47), (-35.8, -11.37, -22.94) % with LN, BG and AG condition respectively. Moreover, with high rate of loading these responses change by (-23.89, -28.41, -5.17), (-37.45, -43.56, -1.86), (-19.4, -27.46, 16.37) % respectively. The prolonged exposure indicates a strain hardening phenomenon in LN specimen, which improves the flexural strength with a 1 mm/min loading rate. However, this plasticization of the specimen was unable to bear the load at an elevated rate of loading, and therefore a loss in all the properties is seen with a 10 mm/min loading rate. Therefore, it is anticipated that the properties will further deteriorate with a higher rate of loadings.
Assessment of ply sequencing on the mechanical performance of hybrid composite materials
Authors: Suresh Arjun P , Budhe S , Sekar K 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The importance of natural fiber composites (NFC) has been growing day by day owing to their lower cost and biodegradable nature. The hybridization of Natural fiber with another natural or synthetic fiber helps obtain combined advantages. In the present paper, an investigation of ply sequencing with combination of natural and synthetic fiber layer studied under tensile and flexural loading. The natural fibers used in the study are Jute (J) and Flax (F) and synthetic fiber is Glass (G). The matrix used is Epoxy with hardener. The six layer of ply sequences studied are JJJJJJ, JJFFJJ, JJGGJJ and GJJJJG. Fabrication of Composite specimen is conducted using Hand lay- up Method. The composite specimen is subjected to tensile and flexural loading at room temperature. Elastic modulus and Flexural modulus are assessed using the theoretical model Classical Lamination Theory (CLT). The results showed that hybridization has improved mechanical properties significantly. The sequence GJJJJG exhibited extremely higher flexural strength compared to sequence JJGGJJ, this shows the ply sequence optimally helps to achieve properties as desired in a particular application with the same cost. Theoretical model predicts the properties with reasonable error limit of 10-12%.
Development of Eco-Friendly Composite Brake Pad Lining Material by Using Agave Fiber
Authors: Gunjal Samir S. , Chougule Nagesh K. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
A brake is the most critical safety and important performance component in vehicles. Brake pads were formerly manufactured mainly using asbestos as the friction material (30-70%). Thermally stable temperature for asbestos is up to the 500°C. Asbestos is strong, flexible & available at a reasonable cost but is carcinogenic in nature. This causes serious health problems like lung cancer hence it got banned in India on 21 January 2011. Recently some alternatives are used like low-metallic, semi- metallic, non-asbestos organic & ceramic brake pads but none of these are as good as asbestos in function. So, the purpose of the study is come with a new eco-friendly material. As per the study, it is found that Agave fiber is the right alternative material to asbestos since agave fiber has high strength, is readily available & economical. Further experimentation was done by performing various tests like hardness test, oil socking test, water socking test, Flame resistance test, compression test, pin on disc, and specific gravity to prove that brake Pads manufactured using Agave fiber as the brake material passes through variable testing as per required Standard & the confirms with the standard reference. And the outcomes of this research show that Agave powder can be used supplant for asbestos in brake pad liner material manufacturing.
Parametric multi-objective optimization of fused deposition modelling (FDM) with biopolymer using Grey-Taguchi method
Authors: Sharma Kuldeep , Kumar Kapil 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
For ecological sustainability, the synthetic polymers are being continuously replaced by biopolymers due to their unique properties of biocompatibility and biodegradability. Ploy-lactic acid (PLA) is a well-known engineering biopolymer because of its versatile use in bioengineering, textile and packing industries. For the customized engineering applications, the mechanical properties, namely tensile strength and shore hardness of PLA specimens printed by FDM which is an economical 3D printed technique has been investigated in this article. Taguchi’s L9 orthogonal array (OA) is used as a design of experiment. The influence of process parameters namely layer height, nozzle temperature, raster angle and surrounding pressure on mechanical properties of 3D printed specimens has been analysed by using Analysis of variance (ANOVA). ANOVA is employed to identify the significance and percent contribution of a particular process parameter on each mechanical property separately. In the end, grey relational analysis (GRA) is used as a multi-objective optimization tool to fabricate a better specimen with comprehensive mechanical properties.
Development of Eco-Friendly Bricks for Sustainable Construction
Authors: Puri Dr. Vishal , Kumar Satyam , Grover Khushi , Sharma Mukul 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Plastic and stubble are some of the industrial and agricultural wastes whose disposal has become a menace over the last decade. Their extreme production has impacted their disposal which in turn is deteriorating the environment. This study presents four different brick development methodologies utilizing plastic and stubble wastes in building bricks. First brick was developed using the application of stubble having a 1:5 cement to sand ratio. The second had the application of PET bottle with 1:3 cement to sand ratio. The third and fourth bricks were developed using waste plastic polybags. The study further evaluated the performance analysis, energy efficiency along with a comparative cost analysis. A comparative analysis was also carried out with the conventional fly ash bricks. Study observed that the energy efficiency of such bricks is significantly higher and their application potential as building bricks is immense. However, the strength of such bricks was observed to be lower. This further requires optimization of design mix and plastic waste. For stubble-based bricks further long term, durability analysis is required.
Color Vision Deficiency Survey in Anatomic Pathology
Authors: Flotte Thomas J , Cornell Lynn D 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Objectives
To learn what color vision–deficient pathologists and cytotechnologists consider their most significant problems and advantages as well as any accommodations.

Methods
An anonymous online survey developed for practicing pathologists and cytotechnologists regarding their experiences with stains was sent to the members of 4 national societies.

Results
We received 377 responses. Twenty-three people, all men, identified themselves as color vision deficient, with 22 reporting red-green color vision deficiency and 1 reporting uncertain type. Eight pathologists and cytotechnologists indicated that they thought that their color vision deficiency conferred advantages to them, including a greater appreciation of morphology, with less confusion resulting from variations in stain quality or intensity. Nineteen pathologists and cytotechnologists thought that their color vision deficiency conferred disadvantages; the most common disadvantages stated were the identification of eosinophils and acid-fast bacilli. Other difficulties included interpretation of RBCs and nucleoli and sometimes Alcian blue, Brown and Brenn, Congo red, crystal violet, Fite, Giemsa, mucicarmine, periodic acid–Schiff, and fluorescence in situ hybridization stains. Only 2 of the color vision–deficient pathologists and cytotechnologists found digital slides more difficult than glass slides.

Conclusions
Color vision–deficient pathologists and cytotechnologists report that they have developed approaches to viewing slides that do not compromise their interpretations. Digital pathology may provide several approaches for aiding color vision–deficient pathologists with the interpretation of certain stains.
Professional capital and social work futures: Contemporary challenges for Australian social work
Authors: Papadopoulos Angelika , Egan Ronnie 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The future of social work preoccupies scholars and educators in the field, with consideration periodically extending beyond ‘trends’ to the fundamental question of whether social work per se even has a future. A recurring theme in these debates concerns social work’s professional project, and whether professionalisation enhances or undermines social work’s values and aims. Whilst contributing to the conceptual articulation of a social work habitus, few of these contributions are informed by the views of practitioners in the field. This article analyses 122 practitioners’ perspectives on current issues for social work, through data taken from a survey conducted in Victoria, Australia in 2018. Practitioners’ perspectives are analysed in relation to the theoretical construct of professional capital. In contrast to modernist interpretations of professionalisation-as-status typical of polemical works, a professional capital perspective construes social work’s professional project as a legitimation strategy, the primary aim of which is to secure recognition of the unique view of the social world which informs social work practice. From that perspective, arguments against professionalisation misrecognise the role professionalisation plays in securing social work’s future, unwittingly placing its future in jeopardy.
Development and Validation of Green Chromatographic Approaches for Simultaneous Determination of Aspirin, Rosuvastatin and Clopidogrel in their Tertiary Mixture
Authors: Youssrey Aya , Hegazy Maha A , Morsi Amani , Essam Hebatallah M 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Reduction of environmental pollution sources is the main target of green chemistry; it is applied across the life cycle of a chemical product. Scientists try to switch to eco-friendly practices to diminish the negative impact of chemicals and solvents on the environment. Analytical chemistry is one of the main fields that mounted green chemistry approach. In this work, sensitive and selective green chromatographic methods with UV detection are described for the simultaneous determination of aspirin, rosuvastatin and clopidogrel. The first proposed method is an RP-HPLC one, which was described and successfully validated for the simultaneous separation and determination of the three components on Prontosil Hyperchom C18 (250 × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) column using an isocratic elution. The second method was a TLC spectrodensitometry in which the three components were separated, identified and quantified. The drugs were applied on silica gel plates, and developed using n-heptane: acetone: glacial acetic acid (60:40:0.4, by volume). The three drugs resolved bands were quantified by spectrodensitometric scanning at 240 nm. Both methods were validated according to ICH, statistically compared to the official methods with full greenness investigation to confirm that the proposed methods are viable alternatives for quality assessment of this combination.
High prevalence of abdominal obesities and metabolically unhealthy individuals in a highly urbanized district of India: findings of a cross-sectional survey in Puducherry
Authors: Sivanantham Parthibane , Sahoo Jaya Prakash , Lakshminarayanan Subitha , Bobby Zachariah , Kar Sitanshu Sekhar 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundAbdominal obesities are better markers for predicting cardiovascular abnormalities than risk stratification based only on body mass index (BMI). We aimed to estimate the prevalence of abdominal adiposities using predictive equations for Asian Indian adults and to determine the prevalence of metabolically healthy subjects among those overweight/obese and with normal BMI.MethodsA community-based survey was conducted among those aged 18–69 years in the district of Puducherry between February 2019 and February 2020. We surveyed 2,560 individuals selected through multi-stage cluster random sampling from urban and rural areas (50 wards and 50 villages, respectively) of the district. Anthropometric measurements, such as height, weight, waist circumference, and blood pressure were recorded from each participant. Fasting blood sample was collected from each alternate participant to estimate metabolic risk factors.ResultsOver four-fifths (85.6%; 95% CI: 84.2–86.9) and two-thirds (69.7%; 95% CI: 67.9–71.6) of the population in the district had high levels of intra-abdominal adipose tissue (IAAT) and total abdominal fat (TAF), respectively. Both the risk factors were significantly higher among women and urban population. About 43% (95% CI: 41–44.9) of the population had high abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue (SCAT) with a significantly higher prevalence among the urban population. Among those overweight/obese (n = 773), almost all 99.4% (95% CI: 98.7–99.9) were metabolically unhealthy. Among subjects with normal BMI (n = 314), only about 2.9% (95% CI: 1.3–4.8) were metabolically healthy.ConclusionWe highlight the substantially high prevalence of IAAT, TAF, and SCAT in the district of Puducherry. Almost all the study population was metabolically unhealthy irrespective of their BMI levels.
Newly identified disorder of copper metabolism caused by variants in CTR1, a high-affinity copper transporter
Authors: Batzios Spyros , Tal Galit , DiStasio Andrew T , Peng Yanyan , Charalambous Christiana , Nicolaides Paola , Kamsteeg Erik-Jan , Korman Stanley H , Mandel Hanna , Steinbach Peter J , Yi Ling , Fair Summer R , Hester Mark E , Drousiotou Anthi , Kaler Stephen G 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The high-affinity copper transporter CTR1 is encoded by CTR1 (SLC31A1), a gene locus for which no detailed genotype–phenotype correlations have previously been reported. We describe identical twin male infants homozygous for a novel missense variant NM_001859.4:c.284 G &gt; A (p.Arg95His) in CTR1 with a distinctive autosomal recessive syndrome of infantile seizures and neurodegeneration, consistent with profound central nervous system copper deficiency. We used clinical, biochemical and molecular methods to delineate the first recognized examples of human CTR1 deficiency. These included clinical phenotyping, brain imaging, assays for copper, cytochrome c oxidase (CCO), and mitochondrial respiration, western blotting, cell transfection experiments, confocal and electron microscopy, protein structure modeling and fetal brain and cerebral organoid CTR1 transcriptome analyses. Comparison with two other critical mediators of cellular copper homeostasis, ATP7A and ATP7B, genes associated with Menkes disease and Wilson disease, respectively, revealed that expression of CTR1 was highest. Transcriptome analyses identified excitatory neurons and radial glia as brain cell types particularly enriched for copper transporter transcripts. We also assessed the effects of Copper Histidinate in the patients’ cultured cells and in the patients, under a formal clinical protocol. Treatment normalized CCO activity and enhanced mitochondrial respiration in vitro, and was associated with modest clinical improvements. In combination with present and prior studies, these infants’ clinical, biochemical and molecular phenotypes establish the impact of this novel variant on copper metabolism and cellular homeostasis and illuminate a crucial role for CTR1 in human brain development. CTR1 deficiency represents a newly defined inherited disorder of brain copper metabolism.
Racial Difference in Efficacy of Golimumab in Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: Greywoode Ruby , Petralia Francesca , Ullman Thomas A , Frederic Colombel Jean , Ungaro Ryan C 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
Observational studies have described racial differences in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) genetics, clinical manifestations, and outcomes. Whether race impacts response to biologics in IBD is unclear. We conducted a post hoc analysis of phase 2 and 3 randomized clinical trials in ulcerative colitis to evaluate the effect of race on response to golimumab.

Methods
We analyzed pooled individual-level data from induction and maintenance trials of golimumab through the Yale Open Data Access Project. The primary outcome was clinical response. Secondary outcomes were clinical remission and endoscopic healing. Multivariable logistic regression was performed comparing White vs racial minority groups (Asian, Black, or other race), adjusting for potential confounders.

Results
There were 1006 participants in the induction (18% racial minority) and 783 participants in the maintenance (17% racial minority) trials. Compared with White participants, participants from racial minority groups had significantly lower clinical response (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.43; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.28-0.66), clinical remission (aOR, 0.41; 95% CI, 0.22-0.77), and endoscopic healing (aOR, 0.48; 95% CI, 0.31-0.74) at week 6. Participants from racial minority groups also had significantly lower clinical remission (aOR, 0.46; 95% CI, 0.28-0.74) and endoscopic healing (aOR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.41-0.96) at week 30. There were no racial differences in placebo response rates.

Conclusions
Ulcerative colitis participants from racial minority groups were less likely to achieve clinical response, clinical remission, and endoscopic healing with golimumab compared with White participants in induction and maintenance trials. Further studies are needed to understand the impact of race on therapeutic response in IBD.