bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Regional Differences of Guillain-Barré Syndrome in China: From South to North
Authors: Yao Jiajia , Liu Yin , Liu Shuping , Lu Zuneng 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundThe epidemiological features of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) were different in different areas; a comparison of the disease was needed to identify the variation and prognosis. We compare the epidemiological features of GBS in different areas in China.MethodA total of 1,191 patients were included. Information was collected in patients diagnosed with GBS and its variants in middle and south China, and then retrospectively reviewed. The patients were divided into four different regions: East China (n = 441), Center China (n = 566), South China (n = 77), and Southwest China (n = 107). These subregions are mainly divided by climate and geographical location. These data were compared with data from a study in East China (Shandong, n = 150) and Northeast China (Changchun, n = 750).ResultsPatients from the south and southwest China were younger than other regions (P = 0.000). A summer peak and an autumn peak were found in northern China, but more patients in winter and spring days in other areas (P = 0.000). Upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) was the preceding event of GBS patients in all regions but rarer in central China (P = 0.001). The proportion of axonal subtype was higher in central and southwest China than in other regions (P = 0.001). Patients in southwest China were more served at nadir and have the longest hospital stay (P = 0.003 and P = 0.000).ConclusionThe difference between seasonal variation and preceding events was found in different regions in China; clinical features differ among regions in China.
Prognosis Analysis and Clinical Features of Orbital Cavernous Venous Malformations With Refractory Insidious Onset
Authors: Yang Peng , Li Yong , Liu Hao-Cheng , Qiu E. , Zhang Jia-Liang , Ren Jian , Jiang Li-Bin , Liu Hong-Gang , Kang Jun 
Published: February 2022

ObjectiveThe present study aims to analyse the clinical presentation, treatment and prognosis of a group of patients with orbital cavernous venous malformation (OCVM) with an insidious onset.MethodThe clinical data of 35 patients with OCVM treated at our centre between 2003 and 2020 were retrospectively analysed. The OCVMs were classified as one of six types (I–VI) according to the orbital position of the tumour. The clinical characteristics, treatment methods and follow-up results were recorded.ResultsA total of 35 patients with OCVM under the optic nerve sheath in the orbital apex area or the common tendon ring (Types I and II) were included in the present study. In 20 cases (57.1%), patients were misdiagnosed with optic neuritis, and in 20 cases (57.1%), the tumour was not identified based on imaging. The presentation was acute or subacute in 23 cases (65.7%). All patients underwent surgery: transnasal surgery in 22 cases (62.9%) and craniotomy in 13 cases (37.1%). A total of 9 patients (25.7%) experienced postoperative complications, and 17 patients (48.6%) experienced vision improvement. The average patient age at first diagnosis was 43.3 ± 10.3 years, and the median follow-up period was 64.5 months. Overall, 14 patients (40%) experienced postoperative complications: postoperative blindness in 6 cases, postoperative vision loss in 8 cases and orbital apex syndrome in 7 cases.ConclusionPatients with Type I and Type II OCVMs are the most complex cases. They have an insidious onset and are associated with a high rate of misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis. Acute and subacute decreases in visual acuity are mainly caused by OCVM haemorrhage. The difficulty of surgical treatment and the poor prognosis of postoperative vision are characteristics of this tumour. Transnasal surgery and craniotomy can be used to remove OCVMs located in the common tendon ring or optic canal as well as those involving the intracranial area through the supraorbital fissure. Meanwhile, the orbital approach (orbitotomy) has proven to be an effective method of treating OCVMs not involving the deep orbital apex and intracranial area.
The Association Between Pregnancy-Related Factors and Health Status Before and After Childbirth With Satisfaction With Skilled Delivery in Multiple Dimensions Among Postpartum Mothers in the Akatsi South District, Ghana
Authors: Tuglo Lawrence Sena , Agbadja Comfort , Bruku Cynthia Sekyere , Kumordzi Vivian , Tuglo Jessica Dzigbordi , Asaaba Leticia Atiah , Agyei Mercy , Boakye Cynthia , Sakre Sylvia Mawusinu , Lu Qingyun 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundSkilled delivery has been a pronounced concern and has been investigated over the years in developing countries. An inclusive understanding of the satisfaction of postpartum mothers is vital in improving the quality of skilled delivery, which is beneath the standard in some parts of developing countries. This study assessed the association between pregnancy-related factors and health status before and after childbirth with satisfaction with skilled delivery in multiple dimensions among postpartum mothers in the Akatsi South District, Ghana.MethodsA community-based, cross-sectional study was conducted among 538 postpartum mothers who participated through the systematic sampling method. Data collection was performed through a pretested and structured questionnaire developed from the WHO responsiveness concept and other prior studies. Questions on satisfaction were categorized into six dimensions. The associations were determined using bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses.ResultsThe overall satisfaction of postpartum mothers with skilled delivery was 80.7%. The highest (89.6%) and the lowest (12.8%) satisfaction with skilled delivery were found in technical quality and financial dimensions. Analysis revealed that autonomously age and delivery procedure were significantly associated with the dimensions of communication and responsiveness. Postpartum mothers who delivered at private healthcare facilities [crude odds ratio (COR) = 1.70; (95% CI 1.00–2.90); p = 0.049] had preterm pregnancy before delivery [COR = 2.08; (95% CI 1.02–4.21); p = 0.043], had cesarean section [COR = 2.73; (95% CI 1.05–7.12); p = 0.040], and presented with complications after childbirth [COR = 2.63; (95% CI 1.09–6.35); p = 0.032] were more likely to be satisfied in the dimension of communication only compared to their counterparts. Regarding responsiveness, multiparous mothers [COR = 1.63; (95% CI 1.06–2.51); p = 0.007] were more likely to be satisfied than primiparous mothers. Overall satisfaction was significantly and positively correlated with the various dimensions of skilled delivery.ConclusionsThe majority were satisfied with five dimensions of satisfaction with skilled delivery except for the financial dimension. The District Health Directorate of Akatsi South should take into consideration these findings in their policy development for forward-looking skilled delivery.
Conservação de soro do leite integral bovino e sua influência na alimentação de leitões na fase de creche
Authors: Silva Milena Alves da , Dorásio Adryze Gabrielle , Valentim Jean Kaique , Mendes Janaína  Palermo , Oliveira Jeferson Eder  Ferreira  de , Monteiro Sabrina  Vargas , Ribeiro Bruna Pontara Villas Boas , Coutinho Juliano José de  Oliveira , Silva Ariadne  Freitas 
Published: February 2022

Objetivou-se demonstrar a melhor forma de conservação do soro de leite e verificar o desempenho de suínos na fase de creche utilizando diferentes níveis de soro de leite em substituição a dieta basal. Foram utilizados 30 leitões machos da linhagem DanBred x Large White, com peso médio de 6 kg ± 0,200g com 23 dias de idade. Os animais foram distribuídos em cinco grupos com inclusão do soro do leite integral bovino. Estes tratamentos foram realizados de acordo com a inclusão do soro de leite na ração controle, com 6 repetições por tratamento em delineamento inteiramente casualizado: D0- Dieta testemunha sem soro; D1 – substituição de 7% da dieta D0 por soro de leite; D2 – substituição de 14% da D0 por soro de leite; D3 – substituição de 21% da dieta D0 por soro de leite; D4 – substituição de 28% da dieta D0 por soro de leite. Os parâmetros avaliados quanto a qualidade do soro de leite foram a acidez em graus dornic (ºD) e com relação ao desempenho animal foram, consumo de ração, conversão alimentar, ganho de peso médio diário. Os resultados foram submetidos à análise de variância e realizado o teste de Tukey ao nível de 5 %. O melhor método de conservação do soro de leite é mantê-lo resfriado por até uma semana. A utilização do soro de leite integral em dietas de leitões na fase de creche é viável até 7%, pois apesar de aumentar o consumo de ração, melhora a conversão alimentar e consequentemente o desempenho animal.
Upaya Penanaman Pendidikan Karakter di Sekolah Dasar Telaah Pendekatan Struktural Fungsional Talcott Parsons
Authors: Sulistiawati Anjar , Nasution Khoirudin 
Published: February 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui upaya penanaman pendidikan karakter di sekolah dasar berdasarkan teori struktural fungsional Talcott Parsons. Pendekatan penelitian ini yaitu kualitatif deskriptif dengan metode observasi dan telaah literatur. Objek materil yaitu upaya penanaman pendidikan karakter di SD Negeri Trayu dengan objek formal pendekatan struktural fungsional Talcott Parsons. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis sinkronisasi antara upaya penanaman pendidikan karakter dilapangan dengan teori struktural fungsional Talcott Parsons. Teori Talcott Parsons yaitu masyarakat sebagai suatu sistem saling berhubungan dan saling bergantung. Faktor terpenting dari suatu integrasi sistem sosial yaitu kesepakatan. Kemudian Talcott Parsons mengembangkan konsep imperatif fungsional untuk membuat sistem bertahan. Konsep imperatif ini biasanya disebut sebagai AGIL, yang merupakan singkatan dari Adaptation, Goal attainment, Integration, dan Latency. kesimpulannya bahwa penanaman pendidikan karakter di sekolah dalam hal ini dianalisis dengan pendekatan teori struktural fungsional Talcott Parsons melalui 4 tahap yaitu; tahap penetapan dengan tujuan penanaman pendidikan karakter goal attaintment, tahap adaptation sebagai proses adaptasi peserta didik dengan tata tertib dan kebiasaan di sekolah dalam rangka mencapai tujuan pendidikan karakter, tahap integration penanaman pendidikan karakter dapat diintegrasikan dengan kegiatan intrakurikuler, ko-kurikuler, dan ekstrakurikuler. Kemudian pada tahap latency strategi penanaman pendidikan karakter harus dilaksanakan secara terus menerus atau berkesinambungan.
Pengaruh Edukasi terhadap Pengetahuan Masyarkat Tentang Deteksi Dini Alzheimer di Kelurahan Labuh Baru Pekanbaru
Authors: Angga Arfina  
Published: February 2022

Penyakit alzheimer merupakan salah satu penyakit gangguan pada otak bersifat ireversibel yang menyebabkan gangguan memori, keterampilan berpikir dan perubahan perilaku. Deteksi dan diagnosis yang dilakukan lebih awal pada penyakit alzheimer akan memberikan manfaat yang membantu individu dan keluarga penderita. Edukasi berperan membantu masyarakat untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan tentang deteksi dini penyakit alzheimer. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh edukasi terhadap pengetahuan masyarakat tentang deteksi dini alzheimer di Kelurahan Labuh Baru Kota Pekanbaru. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif dengan desain quasi eksperiment pre and post test without control. Sampel penelitian adalah masyarakat yang berjumlah 30 orang dengan teknik consecutive sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan kuesioner pengetahuan deteksi dini alzheimer. Data dianalisis menggunakan statistik uji T dependen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada peningkatan pengetahuan deteksi dini alzheimer yaitu dari rata-rata 5.733 sebelum edukasi menjadi 6.633 sesudah diberikan edukasi. Hasil uji T diperoleh nilai mean 0.900 dengan standar deviasi 1.241 dan p value 0,000 artinya ada perbedaan yang signifikan pengetahuan masyarakat tentang deteksi dini alzheimer antara sebelum dan sesudah pemberian edukasi. Edukasi dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan masyarakat tentang deteksi dini dari penyakit alzheimer dan secara lebih efektif diharapkan mampu mencegah komplikasi yang dapat muncul.
Efektivitas Blackgarlic Dalam Menurunkan Tekanan Darah Pasien Hipertensi di Puskesmas Simpang Tiga
Authors: Harahap Afrida , Siska Mulyani  , Siti Hafsyah Wahyuni  
Published: February 2022

Hipertensi menjadi penyebab kematian dengan angka 23,7% dari total 1,7 juta kematian di Indonesia. Pencegahan hipertensi bisa diatasi dengan pengobatan Non Farmakologis yang salah satunya menggunakan Black garlic. Black garlic adalah produk bawang putih yang telah difermentasikan dalam jangka waktu tertentu pada suhu dan kelembapan tinggi. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif yang menggunakan desain Quasy Eksperimen dengan pendekatan one group pretest- postest. Penelitian ini dilakukan di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Simpang Tiga Pekanbaru. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah seluruh pasien hipertensi diwilayah kerja Puskesmas Simpang Tiga Pekanbaru sebanyak 3.303 kasus. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode Accidental sampling sebanyak 15 orang penderita hipertensi. Hasil penelitian di dapatkan rata-rata tekanan darah responden setelah mengkonsumsi black garlic turun, yang bisa dilihat dari nilai mean pretest dan posttest sistolik yaitu 152,40 turun menjadi 129,66, dan nilai mean pretest dan posttest diastolik juga turun yaitu dari 95,00 menjadi 82,46 dan nilai P-value 0,000. Black garlic efektif terhadap penurunan tekanan darah (sistolik dan diastolik) sebelum dan sesudah diberikan intervensi.
Confiabilidad del WHOQOL-BREF en estudios realizados en mujeres con cáncer de mama: revisión integrativa
Authors: Martín del campo- Navarro Valeria , Orellana-Yañez Alda , Moreno- González María Mercedes 
Published: February 2022

Introducción: La calidad de vida en mujeres con cáncer de mama por su compleja multidimensionalidad ha requerido ser medida con cuestionarios tanto específicos como genéricos. Objetivo: Conocer la confiabilidad del cuestionario Calidad de Vida de la Organización Mundial de la Salud en estudios realizados en mujeres con cáncer de mama. Metodología: Revisión integrativa de artículos originales, en bases de datos PubMed, SciELO, Biblioteca Virtual en Salud, Web Of Science, con los descriptores Breast neoplasms, Calidad de Vida de la OMS, en conjugación con el boleano AND, se incluyeron artículos que mostraron confiabilidad del cuestionario Calidad de Vida de la Organización Mundial de la Salud, aplicado a mujeres con cáncer de mama, gratuitos en la web, texto completo, en idioma inglés, portugués o español, publicados entre 2009 y 2019. Se excluyeron estudios en mujeres con cáncer de mama con patología agregada. Se obtuvo muestra de 8 artículos. Resultados: Un 37.5% de los estudios analizaron alfa de Cronbach global en rangos entre 0.72 a 0.84 con media de α=0.79. Los artículos que realizaron los dominios reportaron confiabilidad media en salud física 0.77, salud psicológica 0.77, relaciones sociales 0.76 y medio ambiente 0.72, demostrando confiabilidad apropiada. Conclusión: La confiabilidad a través del alfa de Cronbach para los dominios del cuestionario calidad de vida no difiere en función a la etapa del proceso de la enfermedad, lo que indica la pertinencia del uso del cuestionario en mujeres con cáncer de mama.
Methods applied by Russia to forecast the influence on other countries
Authors: Słowik Jakub 
Published: February 2022

ObjectivesThe purpose of this article is to identify the quantitative and qualitative methods applied by Russia in planning exerting influence on other countries, including members of the Visegrád Group.MethodsThe research method used in this study consists in a systematic review of Russian and global political literature, as well as military literature, publications in the field of international relations, international politics, econometrics and forecasting, economy and management, in the aspect of the differences between the methods of forecasting the influence on other countries with respect to the methods described in international subject literature.ResultsThe conducted analysis of documents enabled the identification and drawing the characteristics of the strategic forecasting methods that Russia may apply to influence other countries. The study also identifies the institutions as well as researchers who deal with the issues related to forecasting influence on specific countries in Russia.ConclusionsBoth the identified methods and the research centres focus on ensuring the effectiveness of Russian foreign policy that requires an accurate assessment of the current situation as well as detailed forecasts of potential events (scenarios) in the future. The method that deserves particular attention is the strategic matrix method, which has probably been modified, but its essential elements are still functioning.
The Breakthrough Listen Search for Intelligent Life: Technosignature Search of Transiting TESS Targets of Interest
Authors: Franz Noah , Croft Steve , Siemion Andrew P. V. , Traas Raffy , Brzycki Bryan , Gajjar Vishal , Isaacson Howard , Lebofsky Matthew , MacMahon David H. E. , Price Danny C. , Sheikh Sofia Z. , DeMarines Julia , Drew Jamie , Worden S. Pete 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The Breakthrough Listen (BL) Initiative, as part of its larger mission, is performing the most thorough technosignature search of nearby stars. Additionally, BL is collaborating with scientists working on NASA’s Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) to examine TESS Targets of Interest (TOIs) for technosignatures. Here, we present a 1–11 GHz radio technosignature search of 61 TESS TOIs that were in transit during their BL observation at the Robert C. Byrd Green Bank Telescope. We performed a narrowband Doppler drift search with a minimum S/N threshold of 10 across a drift rate range of ±4 Hz s−1 with a resolution of 3 Hz. We removed radio frequency interference by comparing signals across cadences of target sources. After interference removal, there are no remaining events in our survey, and therefore no technosignature signals of interest detected in this work. This null result implies that at L, S, C, and X bands, fewer than 52%, 20%, 16%, and 15%, respectively, of TESS TOIs possess a transmitter with an equivalent isotropic radiated power greater than a few times 1014 W.
Resolving Two Distinct Thermal X-Ray Components in a Compound Solar Flare
Authors: Zhou 周 Zhenjun 振军 , Liu Rui , Sun Jianqing , Zhang Jie , Ding Mingde , Cheng Xin , Wang Yuming , Yu Xiaoyu , Liu Lijuan , Cui Jun 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
X-ray emission provides the most direct diagnostics of the energy release process in solar flares. Occasionally, a superhot X-ray source is found to be above hot flare loops of ∼10 MK temperature. While the origin of the superhot plasma is still elusive, it has conjured up an intriguing image of in situ plasma heating near the reconnection site high above the flare loops, in contrast to the conventional picture of chromospheric evaporation. Here we investigate an extremely long duration solar flare, in which EUV images show two distinct flare loop systems that appear successively along a Γ-shaped polarity inversion line (PIL). When both flare loop systems are present, the hard X-ray spectrum is found to be well fitted by combining a hot component (T

e
∼ 12 MK) and a superhot component (T

e
∼ 30 MK). Associated with a fast coronal mass ejection (CME), the superhot X-ray source is located at the top of the flare arcade that appears earlier, straddling and extending along the long “arm” of the Γ-shaped PIL. Associated with a slow CME, the hot X-ray source is located at the top of the flare arcade that appears later and sits astride the short “arm” of the Γ-shaped PIL. Aided by observations from a different viewing angle, we are able to verify that the superhot X-ray source is above the hot one in projection, but the two sources belong to different flare loop systems. Thus, this case study provides a stereoscopic observation explaining the coexistence of superhot and hot X-ray-emitting plasmas in solar flares.
Modeling the Spectral Energy Distributions and Spectropolarimetry of Blazars—Application to 4C+01.02 in 2016–2017*
Authors: Schutte Hester M. , Britto Richard J. , Böttcher Markus , van Soelen Brian , Marais Johannes P. , Kaur Amanpreet , Falcone Abraham D. , Buckley David A. H. , Rajoelimanana Andry F. , Cooper Justin 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The optical radiation emitted by blazars contains contributions from synchrotron radiation by relativistic electrons in the jets, as well as thermal radiation emitted mainly by the accretion disk (AD), the broad-line region (BLR), and the host galaxy. The unpolarized radiation components from the AD, BLR, and host galaxy present themselves by decreasing the total polarization in the optical/ultraviolet (UV) spectrum. A combined model for the spectral energy distribution (SED) and degree of optical/UV polarization is constructed, enabling the disentanglement of the synchrotron and AD components. Our model is applied to the multiwavelength SED and spectropolarimetry observations of the flat-spectrum radio quasar 4C+01.02 (z = 2.1) in its 2016 July–August flaring state and 2017 July–August quiescent state, using data from the Fermi Large Area Telescope, the Southern African Large Telescope, and the Las Cumbres Observatory network of telescopes. By constraining the AD component, the mass of the supermassive black hole is obtained as ∼3 × 109
M
⊙. Furthermore, the model retrieves the characteristics of the relativistic electron distribution in the jet and the degree of ordering of the magnetic field. Our results highlight the potential of spectropolarimetry observations for disentangling thermal from nonthermal (jet) emission components, thus revealing the physics of particle acceleration and high-energy emission in active galactic nucleus jets.
Hα Dots: Direct-method Metal Abundances of Low-luminosity Star-forming Systems
Authors: Hirschauer Alec S. , Salzer John J. , Haurberg Nathalie , Gronwall Caryl , Janowiecki Steven 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Utilizing low-luminosity star-forming systems discovered in the Hα Dots survey, we present spectroscopic observations undertaken using the Kitt Peak National Observatory 4 m telescope for 26 sources. With determinations of robust, “direct”-method metal abundances, we examine the properties of these dwarf systems, exploring their utility in characterizing starburst galaxies at low luminosities and stellar masses. We find that the Hα Dots survey provides an effective new avenue for identifying star-forming galaxies in these regimes. In addition, we examine abundance characteristics and metallicity scaling relations with these sources, highlighting a flattening of both the luminosity–metallicity (L–Z) and stellar mass–metallicity (M
*–Z) relation slopes in these regimes as compared with those utilizing samples covering wider respective dynamic ranges. These local, accessible analogs to the kinds of star-forming dwarfs common at high redshift will help shed light on the building blocks that assembled into the massive galaxies common today.