bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk of Revision After Hip Fracture Fixation Using DePuy Synthes Trochanteric Fixation Nail or Trochanteric Fixation Nail Advanced
Authors: Goodnough L. Henry , Chang Richard N. , Fasig Brian H. , Prentice Heather A. , Paxton Elizabeth W. , Diekmann Glenn R. , Jackman James M. , Okike Kanu , Fang Andrew S. 
Published: March 2022

Background:Prior reports of the DePuy Synthes Trochanteric Fixation Nail Advanced (TFNA) revealed a potential mode of fatigue failure at the proximal screw aperture following fixation of extracapsular hip fractures. We sought to compare the revision risk between the TFNA and its prior-generation forebear, the Trochanteric Fixation Nail (TFN).Methods:A retrospective cohort study was performed using data from a U.S. integrated health-care system’s hip fracture registry. The study sample comprised patients who underwent cephalomedullary nail fixation for hip fracture with a TFN (n = 4,007) or TFNA (n = 3,972) from 2014 to 2019. We evaluated the charts and radiographs for patients who underwent any revision. Multivariable Cox regression was used to evaluate the risk of revision related to the index fracture.Results:At the 3-year follow-up, the cumulative probability of revision related to the index fracture was 1.8% for the TFN and 1.9% for the TFNA. After adjustment for covariates, no difference was observed in revision risk (hazard ratio [HR], 1.18 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.80 to 1.75]; p = 0.40) for the TFNA compared with the TFN. The TFNA was associated with a higher risk of revision for nonunion than the TFN (HR, 1.86 [95% CI, 1.11 to 3.12]; p = 0.018). At the 3-year follow-up, implant breakage was 0.06% for the TFN and 0.2% for the TFNA; with regard to aperture failures related to the index fracture, there were 1 failure for the TFN group and 3 failures for the TFNA group.Conclusions:In a large cohort from a U.S. hip fracture registry, the TFNA had an overall revision rate that was similar to that of the earlier TFN, with implant breakage being a rare revision reason for both groups. Chart and radiographic review found that the TFNA was associated with a higher risk of revision for nonunion.Level of Evidence:TherapeuticLevel III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Food Insecurity among Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic in the United States, July-October 2021
Authors: Singh Gopal K , Lee Hyunjung , Azuine Romuladus E. 
Published: March 2022

Background: The lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) population makes up approximately 6% of the total United States (US) population. Levels and patterns of food insecurity in the LGBT population during the COVID-19 pandemic compared with the general population are unknown. This study examines prevalence and sociodemographic correlates of food insecurity among LGBT and straight/heterosexual adults in the US.
Methods: Using the US Census Bureau’s Household Pulse Survey from July to October 2021 (N=372,542), differentials in food insecurity according to LGBT status were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression.
Results: The prevalence of food insecurity during the pandemic was 25.6% for transgender adults aged ≥18, significantly higher than that for lesbian/gay adults (11.6%), bisexual adults (13.5%), and straight/heterosexual adults (7.8%). Compared with the straight/heterosexual population, LGBT adults had lower education and income levels and higher unemployment and were more likely to be non-Hispanic White and single. Transgender adults were particularly disadvantaged with respect to socioeconomic status, job loss, and lack of health insurance. After controlling for socioeconomic and demographic covariates, lesbian/gay, bisexual, and transgender adults experienced, respectively, 36%, 35%, and 157% higher odds of food insecurity than straight/heterosexual adults. Black/African American, Hispanic, and mixed-race/ethnicity, lower education and income, lack of homeownership, divorce/separation, lack of health insurance, and recent job loss were significant predictors of food insecurity among LGBT adults. Inequalities in food insecurity by LGBT status were similar in large metropolitan areas.
Conclusions and Implication for Translation: Significant disparities in food insecurity exist withLGBT adults, particularly transgender adults, at substantially increased risk of experiencing food insecurity, economic hardship, and social disadvantage during the pandemic and likely in greater need of social and public assistance. Health policies aimed at improving the social and material conditions may lead to improved food security and health outcomes among LGBT adults and the general US population.

Copyright © 2022 Singh et al. Published by Global Health and Education Projects, Inc. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License CC BY 4.0.
Experimental and optimization studies of Ultrasonic assisted friction stir weldments of AA2014-T651 using Graph theory
Authors: Lam Suvarna Raju , Venu Borigorla 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Joining of Al-Cu based alloys such as AA2014-T651 is very difficult by fusion welding techniques due to liquefaction and solidification cracks. Therefore, solid state welding namely Friction Stir Welding (FSW) is most suitable to join these alloys. The main objective of this work is to identify the most influenced process parameters such as rotation speed of the tool, and tool traverse speed and their levels for fabricating the weldments by FSW process with using ultrasonic vibrations (UAFSW). A set of experiments were carried out using the plain cylindrical and taper threaded cylindrical tool pin profile at different levels of process parameters and experimental results were collected. A graph theory and utility concept was proposed and found an optimal working condition for better weldment properties. The UAFSW process enhanced the AA2014-T651 weldment mechanical characteristics at 1100 rev/min of tool rotation speed, and 40 mm/min of tool traverse speed. The tensile strength, yield strength, percentage of elongation, impact strength and micro hardness were found to be 431.69 MPa, 307.47 MPa, 11.66%, 8.32 J, and 139 HV respectively at optimal working condition. The weld joint obtained using a taper threaded tool pin profiled with ultrasonic vibration exhibits 95% joint efficiency compared to the weldments made by plain cylindrical taper tool pin profile with ultrasonic vibration. The measured characteristics have been correlated with microstructure and fracture features. The optimized responses were verified by the validation test.
HOXA11-AS1 promotes PD-L1 mediated immune escape and metastasis of hypopharyngeal carcinoma by facilitating the association of PTBP1 with FOSL1
Authors: Zhou Zheng , Liu Qian , Zhang Gehou , Mohammed Diab , Amadou Sani , Tan Guolin , Zhang Xiaowei 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
The metastatic characteristics of hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HSCC) led to many diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. The identification of functional long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) would contribute to investigate effective strategies for the diagnosis and treatment of HSCC.
Methods
RT-qPCR, western blot, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence assay were used to detect the related gene expression. Flow cytometry was used to measure the percentage of CD8+ and CD4+ T cells. CCK-8 and transwell assays were performed to analyze the functional role of HOXA11-AS1. The targeted relationship of FOSL1/PD-L1 promoter was measured by ChIP and dual-luciferase reporter assays. RNA pull-down and RIP assays were used to measure the interaction between HOXA11-AS1, FOSL1 and PTBP1. Tumor xenograft study was used to analyze the function of HOXA11-AS1 in vivo.
Results
HOXA11-AS1, PD-L1 and FOSL1 were up-regulated in HSCC, and HOXA11-AS1 was positively correlated with PD-L1. HOXA11-AS1 knockdown upregulated CD8 + T cells and the concentration of IFN-γ, while decreased the proliferation, migration and invasion of HSCC cells. FOSL1 bound to PD-L1 promoter and increased its expression. HOXA11-AS1 enhanced the stability of FOSL1 mRNA by binding to PTBP1. Overexpression of HOXA11-AS1 or PTBP1 increased the expression of FOSL1 and PD-L1. Knockdown of PD-L1 arrested the inhibiting function of HOXA11-AS1 overexpression on CD8+ T cells content. Knockdown of HOXA11-AS1 inhibited the immune escape and metastasis through regulating PD-L1 by down-regulating FOSL1 in vivo.
Conclusion
HOXA11-AS1 promoted PD-L1 expression through up-regulating FOSL1 levels by PTBP1, thereby facilitating the immune escape, proliferation and metastasis of HSCC cells.
Effect of Different Decellularization Protocols on Reendothelialization with Human Cells for a Perfused Renal Organoid of the Rat
Authors: Sauter Johannes , Degenhardt Hannes , Tuebel Jutta , Foehr Peter , Knoeckel Philipp , Florian Kira , Charitou Fiona , Burgkart Rainer , Schmitt Andreas 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
BackgroundScaffolds for tissue engineering can be received by whole organ decellularization while maintaining the site-specific extracellular matrix and the vascular tree. One among other decellularization techniques is the perfusion-based method using specific agents e.g. SDS for the elimination of cellular components. While SDS can disrupt the composition of the extracellular matrix and impair the adherence and growth of site-specific cells there are indications that xenogeneic cell types may benefit from protein denaturation by using higher detergent concentrations. The aim of this work is to investigate the effect of two different SDS-concentrations (i.e. 0.66% and 3%) on the ability of human endothelial cells to adhere and proliferate in an acellular rat kidney scaffold.Material and methodsAcellular rat kidney scaffold was obtained by perfusion-based decellularization through the renal artery using a standardized protocol including SDS at concentrations of 0.66% or 3%. Subsequently cell seeding was performed with human immortalized endothelial cells EA.hy 926 via the renal artery. Recellularized kidneys were harvested after five days of pressure-controlled dynamic culture followed sectioning, histochemical and immunohistochemical staining as well as semiquantitative analysis.ResultsEfficacy of decellularization was verified by absence of cellular components as well as preservation of ultrastructure and adhesive proteins of the extracellular matrix. In semiquantitative analysis of recellularization, cell count after five days of dynamic culture more than doubled when using the gentle decellularization protocol with a concentration of SDS at 0.66% compared to 3%. Detectable cells maintained their endothelial phenotype and presented proliferative behavior while only a negligible fraction underwent apoptosis.ConclusionRecellularization of acellular kidney scaffold with endothelial cells EA.hy 926 seeded through the renal artery benefits from gentle decellularization procedure. Because of that, decellularization with a SDS concentration at 0.66% should be preferred in further studies and coculture experiments.
Development of a screening algorithm for borderline personality disorder using electronic health records
Authors: Wang Fei , Zang Chengxi , Goodman Marianne , Zhu Zheng , Yang Lulu , Yin Ziwei , Tamas Zsuzsanna , Sharma Vikas_Mohan , Shao Nan 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Borderline personality disorder (BoPD or BPD) is highly prevalent and characterized by reactive moods, impulsivity, behavioral dysregulation, and distorted self-image. Yet the BoPD diagnosis is underutilized and patients with BoPD are frequently misdiagnosed resulting in lost opportunities for appropriate treatment. Automated screening of electronic health records (EHRs) is one potential strategy to help identify possible BoPD patients who are otherwise undiagnosed. We present the development and analytical validation of a BoPD screening algorithm based on routinely collected and structured EHRs. This algorithm integrates rule-based selection and machine learning (ML) in a two-step framework by first selecting potential patients based on the presence of comorbidities and characteristics commonly associated with BoPD, and then predicting whether the patients most likely have BoPD. Leveraging a large-scale US-based de-identified EHR database and our clinical expert’s rating of two random samples of patient EHRs, results show that our screening algorithm has a high consistency with our clinical expert’s ratings, with area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) 0.837 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.778-0.892], positive predictive value 0.717 (95% CI 0.583-0.836), accuracy 0.820 (95% CI 0.768-0.873), sensitivity 0.541 (95% CI 0.417-0.667) and specificity 0.922 (95% CI 0.880-0.960). Our aim is, to provide an additional resource to facilitate clinical decision making and promote the development of digital medicine.
The Benefits of Short-Term Preoperative Nutritional Intervention for Cleft Surgery Eligibility
Authors: Mikhail Shady , Chattopadhyay Lily , DiBona Melissa , Steppling Charlotte , Kwadio Dede , Ramamonjisoa Anjaramamy , Gallardo Wendy , Almendarez Fatima , Sylvester Beau , Rosales Samanta , Nthalika Ibrahim , Collier Zachary , III William Magee , Auslander Allyn 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Children with orofacial clefts (OFCs) are highly susceptible to malnutrition, with severe malnutrition restricting their eligibility to surgery. Ready-to-use therapeutic foods (RUTF) are an effective treatment for children with malnutrition; however, the effectiveness of short-term preoperative nutritional supplementation in in patients with OFCs has not been demonstrated. We studied the effectiveness of RUTF in patients with OFCs prior to surgery. Methods: A cohort of patients with OFC from Ghana, Honduras, Malawi, Madagascar, Nicaragua, and Venezuela was followed by Operation Smile from June 2017 to January 2020. These patients were enrolled in a nutrition program that provided RUTF and tracked age, weight, and length/height at each visit. A WHO Weight-for-Length (WLZ) or Weight-for-Height (WHZ) Z-score was calculated for each patient to longitudinally track malnutrition status. Patients were tracked to being sufficiently nourished (Z >= -1) with a secondary outcome of receiving surgery. Results: A total of 556 patients were recruited between June 2017 and January 2020. Initially, 28.2% (N=157) were diagnosed with severe, 21.0% (n=117) with moderate, and 50.7% (n=282) with mild malnutrition. 324 (58.3%) patients presented for at least one return visit. Of the 324 patients who returned, 207 (63.7%) reached optimal nutrition status– 32 (15.5%) with initial severe, 30 (14.5%) with moderate, and 145 (70.0%) with mild malnutrition. By the second visit, the mean z-score increased significantly from -2.5 (moderate malnutrition) to -1.7 (mild malnutrition) (p<0·001). The mean time to attain Z >= -1 was 6 weeks with a range of 1 to 103 weeks. There was a significant difference by country in the proportion of patients who improved (p<0.001). Conclusion: Malnutrition prevents many children with OFC from receiving surgical care even when provided for free creating a larger disparity in access to surgery. In an average of 6 weeks and approximately $25 USD per patient, RUTF supported over 60% of patients to nutritionally healthy and eligible for surgery, making it an effective, short-term preoperative nutritional intervention. Through unique partnerships, cost-effective, large-scale nutrition programs can play a pivotal role in ensuring those at the highest risk of living with unrepaired OFC receive timely and safe surgical care.
Eco-Friendly and Solar light Active Ti-Fe2O3 Ellipsoidal Capsules Nanostructure for Removal of Herbicides and Organic Dyes
Authors: Mohamed Hanan , Besisa Dina H. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In this work, Ti doped Fe2O3 with hollow ellipsoidal capsules nanostructure has been prepared in a green manner using plant extract (Flax seed). This new green hematite nanomaterial has been evaluated as photocatalyst for water treatment by testing its activity for degradation of bromophenol blue dye (BPB) and 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) herbicide. For a better understanding of the green material properties, a comparison with the pristine Fe2O3 nanospheres previously prepared by the same procedure is included. Structural and optical properties of the green prepared materials are studied. The results revealed the success doping of Ti4+ at Fe3+ site, without forming any of TiO2 phases. It was also found that, the Ti doping is resulted in the reduction of the band gap of Fe2O3 as well as changing the morphology. The Ti-doped Fe2O3 nanomaterial exhibited an enhanced photocatalytic activity either for BPB dye or for 2,4-D degradation with more than 2 times higher rate than that using pristine Fe2O3.
Preparation and electrochemical behavior of amorphous Co-Mo coating with high content of Mo
Authors: Tian Ya , Ma Liwen , Xi Xiaoli , Nie Zuoren 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

At present, alloy materials have been widely used as wear-resistant coatings due to good mechanical properties. In this paper, electrodeposition was used to prepare the Co-Mo coating. The electrochemical behavior of the deposition of alloy and the phase composition, morphology, composition and property of the coating have been studied. The study of process parameters found that when the concentration of Na2Mo4 is 0.05mol/L, the concentration of C6H5Na3O7 is 0.15mol/L, the pH of the solution is 7, and the temperature is 50℃, the content of Mo in Co-Mo coating is 39.56%, and the microhardness reaches the maximum value of 503HV. The study of electrochemical behavior found that when the concentration of Na2Mo4 is 0.05mol/L, the concentration of C6H5Na3O7 is 0.15mol/L, the pH of the solution is 7 and the temperature is 50℃, the most positive deposition potential, maximum exchange current density and minimum charge transfer impedance were obtained, which explained why the best performance coating can be obtained under this condition.
Endotracheal tube cuff pressure measurement techniques: safety and reliability among patients undergoing general anaesthesia for cesarean section. A prospective randomized comparative study
Authors: Kampo Sylvanus , Anabah Thomas Winsum , Bayor Fidelis , Buunaaim Alexis D. B. , Hechava Maite Esquijarosa , Osman Salia , Kuugbee Eugene Dogkotenge , Ziem Juventus B. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Objective
This study aimed to qualitatively assess and compare some techniques involved in cuff inflation and its corresponding pressure estimations as well as associated complications among patient s undergoing general anaesthesia with intubation for cesarean section at the obstetric unit of the Tamale Teaching Hospital.
Results
Finger palpation of the pilot balloon, predetermined volume of air, and a pressure gauge were used to measure endotracheal tube cuff pressure after intubation . Associated side effects were determined after 24 hours of endotracheal tube extubation. Data for 384 patients were included in the analysis. Cuff pressure measured among patients varied from < 20 -30 cmH 2 O for the standard manometer group, 20 to 50 cmH 2 O for the predetermined volume of air group and < 20 to < 50 cmH 2 O for the finger palpation group. Side effects were recorded in 2.3 % of patients from the standard manometer group, 53.2 % from the predetermined volume of air group and 83.6 % from the finger palpation group. The findings of this study, therefore, suggested that finger palpation of a pilot balloon and a predetermined volume of air methods are prone to cuff over inflation and post-extubation airway complications.
Analysis of age-specified prevalence and multiple HPV-type prevalence in a Chinese population
Authors: Zhou Yu-Xia , Zhang Yan-Ping , Wang Ting-Ting , Qu Xiao-Li , Zhang Xiao-Qian 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: The human papillomavirus (HPV) is one of the most widespread viruses on the planet. A previous study found that HPV prevalence has an age-related relationship. Multiple HPV infections have a bad outcome. HPV infection is linked to uterine cervical cancer, bacterial vaginitis, cervicitis, fungal vaginitis, and pelvic inflammation, among other gynecological conditions. Furthermore, HPV infection during pregnancy has a negative impact on the health of both the mother and the fetus. In Chinese women, the prevalence of HPV and the link between HPV infection and various diseases are still unknown.Methods: A Genotyping Test Kit was used to determine individual HPV genotypes (Life River Co., Shanghai, China). The prevalence of HPV types and ages was collected and analyzed by using SPSS 22.0 software.Results: The HPV infection positive rate was 20.3% overall, including HPV single genotype (74.3%), HPV double genotype (18.4%), and HPV triple infections (7.4%). The top fifth prevalent HPV genotypes were HPV52 (25.5% of the positive individuals), HPV16 (19.7%), HPV58 (21.7%), HPV51 (11.4%) and HPV39 (9.6%). The <20-year old group represented highest HPV infection rate, and HPV infection rates rise with age, especially multiple HPV infection rates. There were significant differences for fungal vaginitis (P=0.010; χ2=6.61) and cervical lesions (P=0.000; χ2=1069.60) with the health check group. The prevalence of HPV infection is significant popular among fungal vaginitis (P=0.010; χ2=6.61) and cervical lesions (P=0.000; χ2=1069.60). The early pregnant women, middle-late pregnant women HPV positive ration was lower than routine health checks HPV infection rates. hpv52: hpv58 enjoy the highest infection rate among the multiple HPV combination.Conclusion: HPV infection was serious among women in China. HPV infection is linked to one's age in Chinese. Women under the age of 20 have the highest HPV prevalence, implying that HPV vaccination is required for young people. Multiple HPV infections have a cumulative effect as people become older. It's possible that HPV infection is linked to vaginitis since vaginitis makes you more susceptible to infection. HPV infections in pregnant women are common and require additional care.
A strategic analysis of incorporating corporate environmental responsibility into managerial incentive design: A differential game approach
Authors: Teng Minmin , Zhao Meiting , Han Chuanfeng , Liu Pihui 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
As corporations’ environmental impacts come under greater scrutiny by global financial, regulatory and societal stakeholders, management scholars have increasingly focused on the role corporate governance plays in undertaking corporate environmental responsibility (CER). This paper combines managerial incentives and CER in a dynamic environment to formulate a differential game model of managerial incentive design in a duopolistic market, investigating whether companies with maximum interests are motivated to provide their professional managers with incentives related to CER and the impact of such incentives on corporate profitability, social welfare and emissions reduction. The results demonstrate that (1) employing professional managers will increase the emissions reduction efforts of firms and giving incentives to professional managers will further increase the emissions reduction level of firms. (2) When a firm employs a professional manager and pays a fixed salary, profit is slightly lower than when a manager is not employed but, if a professional manager is given CER-related incentives, profit will be greatly increased. (3) As long as professional managers are employed, social welfare will increase regardless of whether professional managers are given incentivized pay. Total social welfare is the lowest in a duopolistic market when neither firm employs a professional manager, and social welfare is the highest when both employ a professional manager and give CER-related incentives. (4) The emissions reduction of a firm increases with an increase in the income distribution coefficient π1.