bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A preliminary, observational study using whole-blood RNA sequencing reveals differential expression of inflammatory and bone markers post-implantation of percutaneous osseointegrated prostheses
Authors: Miller Andrew , Jeyapalina Sujee , Agarwal Jay , Mansel Mitchell , Beck James Peter 
Published: May 2022

Aims
While the benefits of direct skeletal attachment of artificial limbs are well recognized, device failure due to infection and insufficient osseointegration remain obstacles to obtaining consistently successful outcomes. Currently, the potential for device failure is assessed by subjective pain, clinical function scores, radiographic evidence of bone atrophy, and the presence of radiolucent lines at the bone-implant interface, and subjective pain and function scores. Our hypothesis is that measurable biological indices might add another objective means to assess trends toward bone and stomal healing. This longitudinal cohort study was undertaken to identify potential serological biomarkers suggestive of bone remodeling and the presence of stomal tissue inflammation.

Methods
Ten unilateral transfemoral amputee veterans, who were implanted with a percutaneous osseointegrated (OI) skeletal limb docking system, were recruited to participate in this IRB-approved study. Venous blood samples were obtained from before the Stage 1 Surgery up to 1 year following the Stage 2 Surgery. Whole-blood RNA was extracted, sequenced, mapped, and analyzed. Of the significant differentially expressed (DEGs) genes (p<0.05) identified, four genes of interest (IL12B, IL33, COL2A1, and SOST) were validated using qPCR. Enrichment analysis was performed to identify significant (p<0.01) Gene Ontology (GO) terms.

Results
Most differentially expressed genes were only detected at PoS1 immediately after the first surgery. Of the significant genes identified, IL12B and IL33 were related to inflammation, and COL2A1 and SOST were associated with bone remodeling. These four genes were identified with greater than 20 log fold-change.

Conclusion
Whole-blood RNA-seq data from 10 patients who previously underwent percutaneous osseointegrated lower limb implantation revealed four genes of interest that are known to be involved in inflammation or bone remodeling. If verified in future studies, these genes may serve as markers for predicting optimal bone remodeling and stomal tissue healing following OI device implantation.
The effects of endogenously‐ and exogenously‐induced hyperketonemia on exercise performance and adaptation
Authors: Dearlove David J. , Soto Mota Adrian , Hauton David , Pinnick Katherine , Evans Rhys , Miller Jack , Fischer Roman , Mccullagh James S.O. , Hodson Leanne , Clarke Kieran , Cox Pete J. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractElevating blood ketones may enhance exercise capacity and modulate adaptations to exercise training; however, these effects may depend on whether hyperketonemia is induced endogenously through dietary carbohydrate restriction, or exogenously through ketone supplementation. To determine this, we compared the effects of endogenously‐ and exogenously‐induced hyperketonemia on exercise capacity and adaptation. Trained endurance athletes undertook 6 days of laboratory based cycling (“race”) whilst following either: a carbohydrate‐rich control diet (n = 7; CHO); a carbohydrate‐rich diet + ketone drink four‐times daily (n = 7; Ex Ket); or a ketogenic diet (n = 7; End Ket). Exercise capacity was measured daily, and adaptations in exercise metabolism, exercise physiology and postprandial insulin sensitivity (via an oral glucose tolerance test) were measured before and after dietary interventions. Urinary β‐hydroxybutyrate increased by ⁓150‐fold and ⁓650‐fold versus CHO with Ex Ket and End Ket, respectively. Exercise capacity was increased versus pre‐intervention by ~5% on race day 1 with CHO (p < 0.05), by 6%–8% on days 1, 4, and 6 (all p < 0.05) with Ex Ket and decreased by 48%–57% on all race days (all p > 0.05) with End Ket. There was an ⁓3‐fold increase in fat oxidation from pre‐ to post‐intervention (p < 0.05) with End Ket and increased perceived exercise exertion (p < 0.05). No changes in exercise substrate metabolism occurred with Ex Ket, but participants had blunted postprandial insulin sensitivity (p < 0.05). Dietary carbohydrate restriction and ketone supplementation both induce hyperketonemia; however, these are distinct physiological conditions with contrasting effects on exercise capacity and adaptation to exercise training.
Basic concept and application of conducting polymers for environmental protection
Authors: Baharin Siti Nor Atika , Rusmin Ruhaida , Sambasevam Kavirajaa Pandian 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Recently, the importance of sustainable environment has been engaged in many science practices and learning. This article intends to provide teachers in secondary school and research beginners with knowledge background on conducting polymers (CPs) for its application in environmental protection studies. A concise and straightforward discussion on the basic concept of CPs and its role as i) sensors for gas pollutants ii) photocatalyst are explained. A general workflow to guide readers in identifying and validating suitable sensors is included. In addition, the article provides a step-by-step guideline to assist readers in performing photocatalytic degradation experiments associated with CPs.
Wireless power transfer topology analysis for inkjet-printed coil
Authors: Sahu Pradeep Kumar , Jena Satyaranjan , Behera Subrat , Sahu Madan Mohan , Prusty Soubhagya Ranjan , Dash Ritesh 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The fabricated inkjet-printed coils (IPCs) are a suitable candidate for near-field wireless power transmission (WPT) to the next generation of high-performance implantable medical devices with extreme size constraints that will target intraocular and intracranial spaces. It is a challenging task for anyone to design an efficient inductive link for power transmission as, the secondary coil (receiver element) is placed 3 mm under the skin surface. This paper focuses on an analytical comparison among the basic four topologies of the WPT system in terms of compensation requirement and power efficiency. Hence, designers can choose the best possible topology depending on the coupling coefficient, coil design, and load impedance. In this work, the printed coil is designed with 10 layers of 10 μm thickness, respectively, in both cases. The effect of IPCs on the secondary side is briefly analyzed by considering the parasite resistance of the coil for compensation; the behavior of the system is not significantly affected by using the printed coils for compensation on the primary side. As the compensating capacitance does not depend on the parasite resistance, the series–series topology is preferable for the WPT system. The efficiency decreases due to the presence of parasite resistance in the printed coils. Moreover, it is required to choose an efficient topology as the efficiency varies from 56% to only 38%.
Rack1 regulates pro-inflammatory cytokines by NF-κB in diabetic nephropathy
Authors: Wu Keqian , Peng Rui , Mu Qiuyu , Jiang Yongxue , Chen Jingshou , Ming Rui , Zhao Jie , Zhang Zheng , Sun Yan 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the chronic microvascular diseases of diabetes. Studies revealed that inflammation is involved in the development of DN. However, its mechanisms are not fully clear. Here, we screened DN-related mRNAs by RNA sequencing in the renal tissues of db/db DN mice and normal control mice. The Swiss-Model, ZDOCK 3.0.2 and PyMOL 2.3.2 were applied for bioinformatics analysis. In total, we obtained 6,820 mRNAs that were dysexpressed in DN. Among them, Receptor for Activated C Kinase 1 (Rack1) was focused on for its high fold changes and high values of fragments per kilobase million (FPKM) in both two groups (FPKM >100). Moreover, Rack1 was highly expressed in DN in vivo and in vitro. Results displayed that the expressions of pro-inflammatory cytokines Mcp-1 and Tnf-α were increased when Rack1 was overexpressed in cells cultured with low glucose while the expressions of Mcp-1 and Tnf-α were decreased when Rack1 was silenced in cells cultured with high glucose. Furthermore, results showed that the established DN inflammatory factor nuclear factor NF-kappa-B (NF-κB) was regulated by Rack1 via the direct interaction between Rack1 and NF-κB subunits P50 and P65. In summary, this identified Rack1 could play an important role in the inflammation of DN via NF-κB, which can provide new insight for DN research.
Reconfigurable second-order optical all-pass filter
Authors: Chen Yu , Xu Lu , Jiang WeiJun , Wang Lin , Cui Shuai , Yu Yu , Yu Yuan , Zhang Xinliang 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The optical all-pass filter (APF), which exhibits a constant amplitude response and a variable phase response, is a key to manipulating the optical phase without inducing signal amplitude distortion. High-order APFs are significantly demanded because they can afford large time delays and phase shifts. However, to date, only first-order APFs based on lossy waveguides have been reported. Although high-order APFs can be simply obtained by cascading multiple first-order APFs, the complexity and size are increased. To solve this problem, we propose and demonstrate a second-order APF using Mach–Zehnder interferometer-assisted microring resonators. The device is fabricated based on a silicon-on-insulator platform. Based on the second-order APF, an adjustable time delay between 553 and 948 ps is obtained, and the corresponding amplitude variation is less than 1.7 dB. Meanwhile, a microwave photonic phase shifter is also obtained based on the APF. The microwave phase shift can be adjusted from 0 to 3.27π, with an RF power variation within 2.4 dB. Additionally, the second-order APF can be reconfigured to a first-order APF, which significantly enhances its flexibility. The reconfigured first-order APF can realize an adjustable time delay between 257 and 429 ps, and the amplitude variation is less than 0.9 dB. The proposed high-order APF provides a novel approach to manipulating optical signals.
Experimental analysis of a laser beam propagating in angular turbulence
Authors: Enoch Gareth Daniel , Chetty Naven 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In this work, a Gaussian laser beam is propagated through a thermally turbulent region before passing through a point diffraction interferometer to produce a circular interferogram. This was done to ascertain how turbulent windstreams of various wind speeds and temperatures affect a laser beam when directed at different angles to the beam axis. The interferometric results portray a clear dependence on the angle of application. That is, deviations away from 90° result in increased wavefront fluctuations. The refractive index structure constant, Rytov variance, and Fried’s parameter were computed to quantify each turbulent model. The attributed strength regimes of these atmospheric parameters were in varying degrees of agreement with the interferometric data. These contradictions and resulting conclusions were discussed in full.
Estimation of the covariance structure from SNP allele frequencies
Authors: van Waaij Jan , Li Zilong , Wiuf Carsten 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
We propose two new statistics,

V

̂

$\hat{V}$

and

S

̂

$\hat{S}$

, to disentangle the population history of related populations from SNP frequency data. If the populations are related by a tree, we show by theoretical means as well as by simulation that the new statistics are able to identify the root of a tree correctly, in contrast to standard statistics, such as the observed matrix of F
2-statistics (distances between pairs of populations). The statistic

V

̂

$\hat{V}$

is obtained by averaging over all SNPs (similar to standard statistics). Its expectation is the true covariance matrix of the observed population SNP frequencies, offset by a matrix with identical entries. In contrast, the statistic

S

̂

$\hat{S}$

is put in a Bayesian context and is obtained by averaging over pairs of SNPs, such that each SNP is only used once. It thus makes use of the joint distribution of pairs of SNPs. In addition, we provide a number of novel mathematical results about old and new statistics, and their mutual relationship.
Aggression in diplomatic notes – a pragmatic analysis of a Chinese-American conflict in times of colonisation
Authors: House Juliane , Kádár Dániel Z. , Liu Fengguang , Song Yulong 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This study examines veiled aggression in diplomatic language use from the point of view of speech acts. More specifically, we examine how the speech act of ‘Tell’ is used to realise aggression in a small corpus of diplomatic notes written between February and May 1844, exchanged between a US American and a Chinese diplomat. Tell, by default, presents a ‘neutral’ informative illocution. However, in contexts of diplomatic conflicts, particularly when a threat is made, realising Tell often helps the aggressor to deliver menacing messages under a veneer of civility. Tell is also often intertwined with other speech acts through which aggression is realised, such as Request and Complain. By modelling the aggressive function of Tell in the ritual genre of diplomatic notes, this paper fills a knowledge gap by studying aggression in a setting in which aggression operates within the boundaries of the ritual frame of a diplomatic genre.
Shear Wave Velocity Measurements in Tropical Peat Using In-house Device
Authors: KIN TAT LEE , DURAISAMY YOUVENTHARAN 
Published: May 2022

Many people in the construction industry will agree that peat is a problematic material due to its compressibility behaviour. However, construction on these areas are inevitable because of the scarcity in space and suitable land for development. Hence, there is a need for proper in-situ testing on soil properties before any construction work can be carried out in peat. Shear wave (S-wave) velocity (Vs ) used to compute the small strain shear modulus, (Go ) which is an essential parameter to design structures in earthquake and vibration prone areas. The most versatile method to assess is by measuring shear wave propagation through soil samples using bender elements tests (BET). Currently, BET is limited to laboratory environments, which can be time consuming and expensive. Therefore, a portable device of BET for peat has been proposed in this research which is simple to use and economical. The proposed setup consists of an oscilloscope, digital multimeter, signal generator, signal amplifier, direct current generator and a pair of piezoelectric bender elements. Peak-to-peak method from time domain (TD) technique is implemented as the method to analyse shear waves. To validate the function of the proposed device, different types of soil samples including Ottawa sand, Kaolin S300, Silty loam, Hemic, and Fibric peat were prepared. The peat samples for this study were collected from Pekan and Maran districts in Pahang, Malaysia. With a suitable frequency input from the sine wave generated, the Vs determined from the device was used to compute Go. Results show there is only a less than 10% error in when it was compared with the typical values of tropical peat. The proposed device is also effective to differentiate the type of soil sample when tested. In summary, the proposed in-house device can be used as an indicator and to find out the initial value of Vs and Go in tropical peat soil.
Pedestrian Wind Analysis for Indian Sub-Continent
Authors: S. Jena  , Gairola Ajay , S. Cao  
Published: May 2022

Urbanization in India is causing local wind and climate changes near high-rise buildings, affecting the urban wind climate pedestrian-level winds to dangerous and uncomfortable levels. Hence, today's architectural planning Wind comfort has to not only consider the wind load and internal conditions, but also must consider the outdoor wind building design environment. This study reviewed the methods of evaluating pedestrian-level wind weather, different Wind tunnel test standards of wind comfort, and various techniques for evaluating pedestrian-level wind speed. In the CFD Numerical following section, a brief overview of the current research on this topic and the way forward in India is Modeling related to the design and configuration of windward buildings at the pedestrian level. After analysing the previous documents, the authors recommend it is very necessary to homogenize the various wind standards, as it might have different consequences for planers. Among the various wind tunnel experimental technologies, compared to the hot wire wind speed measurement method, the Irwin probe’s accuracy and simplicity is justified, and can be installed in multiple positions to measure wind speed horizontal of pedestrians at the same time. For the numerical simulation, several researchers have used the Renault medium Navier stokes-based technique, although the precision of this technique is not as good as the simulation of large eddies and the simulation of separate eddies. However, this technology is not only precise but also costs less due to its requirement of less computing resources.
Thailand Country Research 2021 on Wind Engineering Activities
Authors: Boonyapinyo Virote , J. Junruang  
Published: May 2022

In this paper, Thailand Country Research 2021 on Wind Engineering Activities is present. Firstly, development of DPT Standard 1311-50 for wind loading calculation and response of buildings in Thailand is present. The DPT Standard is financially supported by Department of Public Works and Town & Country Planning. The new standard is more accurate than the building code No.6 because it considers the wind speed zoning, surrounding terrain, building shapes, and dynamic properties. Secondly, wind engineering activities by subcomitted on wind and earthquake effects, Engineering Institute of Thailand and subcomitted on coordinations for disasters and public safety, Council of Engineers Thailand are present. Finally, research examples of wind load studies of bridges and buildings by TU-AIT wind tunnel test are also presented. The two parallel configurations of the bridge result in vortex-induced vibrations (VIV) and significantly lower the flutter speed compared with the new bridge alone. The new bridge also results in significant reduction of the flutter speed of downstream existing bridge.
Maturity-onset diabetes of the young type 3 and premature ovarian insufficiency: chance or causality: a case report and literature review
Authors: Alvarez Mauricio , Rincon Oswaldo , Alvarado Alejandra , Puentes Francisco 
Published: May 2022

Summary
We present the case of a 23-year-old patient with maturity-onset diabetes of the young type 3 (MODY 3) and premature ovarian insufficiency (POI). There is no known correlation between MODY 3 and POI, although POI can impair glucose metabolism, and MODY can cause microvascular complications such as POI. We did not find literature describing a correlation between these two pathologies nor did we find similar cases described in the literature.

Learning points

Maturity-onset diabetes of the young type 3 (MODY 3) is an infrequent cause of diabetes that should be considered in young patients with atypical presentation of type 1 or type 2 diabetes.

MODY 3 can be associated with microvascular complications of diabetes, which is why it is important to diagnose as early as possible.

Impairment of glucose metabolism has been demonstrated in patients with premature ovarian insufficiency and menopause.
Small RNAs are differentially expressed in autoimmune and non-autoimmune diabetes and controls
Authors: Sørgjerd Elin Pettersen , Mjelle Robin , Beisvåg Vidar , Flatberg Arnar , Grill Valdemar , Åsvold Bjørn O 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Objective
Diabetes is a heterogeneous disease and a precise diagnosis of diabetes subgroups is necessary to initiate proper early treatment and clinical management of the disease. Circulating small RNAs (sRNAs) are potentially diagnostic biomarkers in diseases, including diabetes. Here we aimed to examine whether profiles of circulating sRNAs differed between patients with autoimmune and non-autoimmune diabetes and non-diabetic controls.

Design
This cross-sectional case–control study included participants from the third survey of the HUNT study.

Methods
We performed sRNA sequencing in serum from adult-onset type 1 diabetes (n = 51), type 2 diabetes (n = 50) and latent autoimmune diabetes in adult (LADA, n  = 51), as well as non-diabetic HUNT3 participants as control group (n = 51). Differential expression analysis of the sRNAs was performed in R using limma-voom.

Results
We identified differences in sRNA expression between autoimmune (type 1 diabetes and LADA) and non-autoimmune diabetes (type 2 diabetes) and between patients with diabetes and non-diabetic controls. Focusing on miRNA, we identified 10 differentially expressed mature miRNAs and 30 differentially expressed miRNA variants (isomiRs). We also identified significant changes within other sRNA classes, including a pronounced downregulation of a tRNA fragment in patients with diabetes compared to non-diabetic controls. We created cross-validated sRNA signatures based on the significant sRNAs that distinguished patients with diabetes from non-diabetic controls, and autoimmune from non-autoimmune diabetes, with high specificity and sensitivity. sRNA profiles did not distinguish between type 1 diabetes and LADA.

Conclusions
Circulating sRNAs are differentially expressed between patients with diabetes and non-diabetic controls and between autoimmune and non-autoimmune diabetes.
Native American Literature, 901 AD? A New Reading of the Battiste Good Wintercount
Authors: Rasmussen Birgit Brander 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis essay reads the 1880 Battiste Good Wintercount as a textual conflict zone that brings Indigenous oral and pictographic literatures into dialogue with settler-colonial forms like alphabetic script and books to imagine Native futures after militant resistance. With a timeline that goes back to 901 AD, Good issues a dramatic challenge to Western scholarship on the book, writing, and literary history. He rejects requests for simulations of what Gerald Vizenor calls “tragic victimry” with literary innovation and a narrative vision of survivance. Foregrounding the authority of women, Good invokes new and ancient treaties to insist on Indigenous sovereignty. The essay explores how the literary history of Indigenous pictography informs contemporary Native writers, like N. Scott Momaday, and decolonizing struggles like those identified with the hashtags #NoDAPL and #landback. It concludes with a call to interrogate deep structures of coloniality that organize literary studies through ethnocentric conceptions of literacy, genre, period, and time.
Availability of pearl producing marine bivalves in south-eastern coast of Bangladesh and culture potentialities
Authors: Rahman Md. Ataur , Parvej Mohammed Rashed , Rashid Md. Harunor , Hoq Md. Enamul 
Published: May 2022

The present study was conducted during September 2014 to July 2015 to identify the pearl bearing bivalves in south-eastern coast of Bangladesh and culture potentialities of marine oyster in captivity based on field investigation. A total of 7 pearl bearing bivalve species were identified in the coast with a salinity of 18-34 ppt, pH 8.1-8.3 and water depth ranged 0.2-2.0 meter in their habitat. From the collected bivalves, most abundant oyster species windowpane oyster, Placuna placenta (Linnaeus, 1758) was reared in fiber glass tanks with seawater for a period of 6 months. During rearing highest survival rate of 88% was observed in T1 with sandy and gravel substratum and lowest survival rate of 78% was found in T2 with muddy substratum. Average temperature and salinity were varied between 24 °C-25 °C and 21-26 ppt respectively. From the reared oyster, highest 54 nos. small pearls in the month of April and lowest 7 pearls in December from a single P. placenta were obtained. The study proved that pearls can be obtained from the marine oysters in captivity in Bangladesh, and this offers large scale culture potentialities in our coast.