bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Salivary parameters and periodontal inflammation in obstructive sleep apnoea patients
Authors: Tranfić Duplančić Mia , Pecotić Renata , Lušić Kalcina Linda , Pavlinac Dodig Ivana , Valić Maja , Roguljić Marija , Rogić Dunja , Lapić Ivana , Grdiša Katarina , Peroš Kristina , Đogaš Zoran 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe aim of this cross-sectional study was to objectively assess the salivary flow rate and composition and periodontal inflammation in obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) patients. The subjects, who underwent whole-night polysomnography or polygraphy, were referred for saliva sampling and periodontal examination. According to the severity of OSA based on the Apnoea Hypopnea Index (AHI) value, the subjects were classified into groups: no OSA (AHI < 5; N = 17), mild to moderate OSA (AHI 5–29.9; N = 109), and severe OSA (AHI > 30; N = 79). Salivary flow rate, pH, salivary electrolytes, and cortisol were measured from collected saliva samples. Periodontal examination included assessment of the number of teeth, dental plaque, bleeding on probing and periodontal measurements: gingival recession, probing pocket depth, clinical attachment level (CAL) and periodontal inflamed surface area (PISA) score. There were no significant differences in salivary flow rate, salivary pH, salivary electrolyte concentrations or electrolyte ratios among the groups classified according to the severity of OSA. However, subjects without OSA had higher salivary cortisol concentrations than OSA groups (p < 0.001). Increased plaque scores were associated with a higher AHI (r = 0.26; p = 0.003). According to the salivary flow rate, subjects with hyposalivation and reduced salivation had higher concentrations of salivary electrolytes and lower salivary pH than subjects with normal salivation. Subjects with hyposalivation had an increased Mg/PO4 ratio (p < 0.001) and a reduced Ca/Mg ratio (p < 0.001). Furthermore, subjects with severe OSA tended to have higher CALs and plaque volumes. In conclusion, under pathological conditions, such as OSA, multiple interactions might impact salivary flow and electrolyte composition. Complex interrelationships might affect the integrity of oral health, especially considering OSA severity, inflammation, concomitant diseases and medications.
Valorization of pineapple processing residues through acetification to produce specialty vinegars enriched with red-Jambo extract of Syzygium malaccense leaf
Authors: Bertan Fernanda Aparecida Brocco , da Silva Pereira Ronning Eduardo , Marchioro Marcelo Luis Kuhn , Oldoni Tatiane Luiza Cadorin , Dekker Robert F. H. , da Cunha Mário Antônio Alves 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe present study proposes the production of vinegars from pineapple processing residues as an eco-friendly strategy for adding value and economic strengthening of the production chain. Pineapple pulp and peel wines were produced and acetificated to vinegar by wild strains of acetic bacteria using Orlean’s method (traditional system) followed by enrichment with leaf extract of Red-Jambo,Syzygium malaccense.Appreciable phenolic contents and antioxidant potential were found in pulp and peel vinegars with the added leaf extract. Catechin, epicatechin and caffeic,p-coumaric, ferulic, and gallic acids were the main phenolic compounds found in peel vinegar. The enrichment of the vinegar with the extract promoted an increase in the content of polyphenols (443.6–337.3 mg GAE/L) and antioxidant activity. Peel wines presented higher luminosity (L*) and higher saturation index (C*), and their color tended more toward yellow than pulp wines. Acetification reduced the saturation index (C*) and led to the intensification of the hue angle in the peels vinegar. Each type of pineapple vinegar produced showed biocidal activity against different bacteria and yeast, and the addition of leaf extract potentiated the antimicrobial activity of peel vinegar, especially againstStaphalococcus aureus. The vinegars developed could find an attractive market niche in the food sector.
Sense of body ownership and body agency in schizophrenia
Authors: Rossetti Ileana , Repossi Martina , Florio Vincenzo , Demartini Benedetta , Conca Andreas , Gambini Orsola , Maravita Angelo 
Published: November 2022

AbstractRecent research suggests that embodiment sensations (sense of body ownership and sense of body agency) are altered in schizophrenia. Using a mirror box illusion setup, we tested if the anomalous embodiment experience depends on deficient processing of visuomotor synchrony, disrupted processing of movement mode, or both. The task required participants to press a lever with their index while looking at the image of the experimenter’s hand moving on a similar lever. The illusion of embodiment could arise because looking toward the direction of their own hand the participant saw the reflection of the experimenter’s hand visually superimposed to his own one through a mirror. During the illusion induction, we systematically varied visuomotor asynchrony (4 delays were imposed on the movement of the experimenter’s hand) and the mode of movement (the participant could perform active vs. passive movements). The strength of the illusion of embodiment of the external hand was assessed with explicit judgments of ownership and agency. Patients’ data showed an anomalous modulation of ownership with respect to visuomotor synchrony manipulation and an altered modulation of agency with respect to both visuomotor synchrony and movement mode manipulations. Results from the present study suggest that impairments affecting both the processing of temporal aspects of visuomotor signals and the processing of type of movement underlie anomalous embodiment sensations in schizophrenia. Hypotheses about potential deficits accounting for our results are proposed.
SARS-CoV-2 detection by targeting four loci of viral genome using graphene oxide and gold nanoparticle DNA biosensor
Authors: Babadi Arman Amani , Rahmati Shahrooz , Fakhlaei Rafieh , Heidari Reza , Baradaran Saeid , Akbariqomi Mostafa , Wang Shuang , Tavoosidana Gholamreza , Doherty William , Ostrikov Kostya 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe current COVID-19 pandemic outbreak poses a serious threat to public health, demonstrating the critical need for the development of effective and reproducible detection tests. Since the RT-qPCR primers are highly specific and can only be designed based on the known sequence, mutation sensitivity is its limitation. Moreover, the mutations in the severe acute respiratory syndrome β-coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) genome led to new highly transmissible variants such as Delta and Omicron variants. In the case of mutation, RT-qPCR primers cannot recognize and attach to the target sequence. This research presents an accurate dual-platform DNA biosensor based on the colorimetric assay of gold nanoparticles and the surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) technique. It simultaneously targets four different regions of the viral genome for detection of SARS-CoV-2 and its new variants prior to any sequencing. Hence, in the case of mutation in one of the target sequences, the other three probes could detect the SARS-CoV-2 genome. The method is based on visible biosensor color shift and a locally enhanced electromagnetic field and significantly amplified SERS signal due to the proximity of Sulfo-Cyanine 3 (Cy3) and AuNPs intensity peak at 1468 cm-1. The dual-platform DNA/GO/AuNP biosensor exhibits high sensitivity toward the viral genome with a LOD of 0.16 ng/µL. This is a safe point-of-care, naked-eye, equipment-free, and rapid (10 min) detection biosensor for diagnosing COVID-19 cases at home using a nasopharyngeal sample.
Clinical-pharmacological drug information center of Hannover Medical School: experiences and analysis from a tertiary care university hospital
Authors: Heck Johannes , Stichtenoth Dirk O. , Sabau Ruxandra , Schröder Christoph , Engeli Stefan , Pape Thorben , O’Connell Nina , Schumacher Carsten , Krause Olaf , Koop Felix 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDrug information centers (DICs) are institutions dedicated to provide objective, independent, and up-to-date information on drugs and their rational use. To overcome the lack of recent DIC reports from central Europe, we analyzed all queries (n = 594) submitted to the DIC run by the Institute for Clinical Pharmacology of Hannover Medical School between October 2018 and April 2022. Approximately one in three queries (31.1%; 185/594) was submitted by internists. 82.8% (492/594) of the queries were patient-specific, while the remaining 17.2% (102/594) were general queries. Adverse drug reactions (ADRs), indications/contraindications, and pharmacodynamic interactions (PDIs) represented the three most frequently addressed query categories, being involved in 44.8% (266/594), 43.3% (257/594), and 34.3% (204/594) of all queries, respectively (assignment of more than one category per query was possible). As compared to general queries, patient-specific queries were statistically significantly more often related to ADRs, PDIs, and pharmacokinetic interactions (PKIs) (ADRs: 35.3% vs. 46.7%, P = 0.034; PDIs: 14.7% vs. 38.4%, P < 0.001; PKIs: 20.6% vs. 31.5%, P = 0.028). To demonstrate the complexity of queries submitted to the clinical-pharmacological DIC, we present and comment on an illustrative selection of queries.
Loss of reef roughness increases residence time on an idealized coral reef
Authors: Lindhart M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThrough idealized, numerical models this paper investigates flows on a reef geometry which has received significant attention in the literature; a shallow, fringing reef with deeper, shore-ward pools or lagoons. Given identical model geometries and varying only reef flat drag coefficients between model runs ($$C_D = [0.001,0.005,0.01,0.05,0.1]$$

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), two distinct circulation patterns emerge. One is related to low reef water levels and high roughness, and efficiently flushes the entire reef system resulting in low residence times (an ‘open reef’). The other is related to high reef water levels and low roughness, and in spite of the development of an offshore undertow, this dynamic is inefficient at flushing the reef-pool system and facilitating exchange flow with offshore waters (a ‘closed reef’). This paper shows that even given indistinguishable geometry and offshore conditions, this information is insufficient to predict reef dynamics, and suggests that reef roughness (and thus reef health) plays a comparable role in determining circulation patterns and residence times. Furthermore, a transition from open to closed or vice versa caused by e.g., a loss of reef roughness or increase in mean sea level could have implications for transport and mixing of nutrients and water masses, as well as larval dispersal.
Crop diversification and parasitic weed abundance: a global meta-analysis
Authors: Scott D. , Freckleton R. P. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractParasitic weeds cause huge annual losses to food production globally. A small number of species from the generaCuscuta, Orobanche, PhelipancheandStrigahave proliferated across many agroecological zones. Their control is compromised due to the lack of efficacy of conventional herbicides and their rapid adaptation to new resistant crop cultivars. A broad range of studies suggest consistent reductions in parasitic weed densities owing to increased spatial (intercropping) and temporal diversity (crop rotation). However, to date, no synthesis of this body of research has been published. Here we report the results of a meta-analysis using 1525 paired observations from 67 studies across 24 countries, comparing parasitic weed density and crop yields from monocrop and more diverse cropping systems. We found both spatial and temporal crop diversification had a significant effect on parasitic weed density reduction. Furthermore, our results show effects of spatial diversification are stronger in suppressing parasitic weeds than temporal effects. Furthermore, the analysis indicates intercrops which alter both microclimate and soil chemistry (e.g.Crotalaria, Stylosanthes, Berseem clover andDesmodium) are most effective in parasitic weed management. This analysis serves to underline the viability of crop diversification as a tool to enhance food security globally.
Association between vitamin D supplementation and COVID-19 infection and mortality
Authors: Gibbons Jason B. , Norton Edward C. , McCullough Jeffrey S. , Meltzer David O. , Lavigne Jill , Fiedler Virginia C. , Gibbons Robert D. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractVitamin D deficiency has long been associated with reduced immune function that can lead to viral infection. Several studies have shown that Vitamin D deficiency is associated with increases the risk of infection with COVID-19. However, it is unknown if treatment with Vitamin D can reduce the associated risk of COVID-19 infection, which is the focus of this study. In the population of US veterans, we show that Vitamin D2and D3fills were associated with reductions in COVID-19 infection of 28% and 20%, respectively [(D3Hazard Ratio (HR) = 0.80, [95% CI 0.77, 0.83]), D2HR = 0.72, [95% CI 0.65, 0.79]]. Mortality within 30-days of COVID-19 infection was similarly 33% lower with Vitamin D3and 25% lower with D2(D3HR = 0.67, [95% CI 0.59, 0.75]; D2HR = 0.75, [95% CI 0.55, 1.04]). We also find that after controlling for vitamin D blood levels, veterans receiving higher dosages of Vitamin D obtained greater benefits from supplementation than veterans receiving lower dosages. Veterans with Vitamin D blood levels between 0 and 19 ng/ml exhibited the largest decrease in COVID-19 infection following supplementation. Black veterans received greater associated COVID-19 risk reductions with supplementation than White veterans. As a safe, widely available, and affordable treatment, Vitamin D may help to reduce the severity of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Evaluate the stability of the vehicle when using the active suspension system with a hydraulic actuator controlled by the OSMC algorithm
Authors: Nguyen Duc Ngoc , Nguyen Tuan Anh 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe ride comfort is controlled by the suspension system. In this article, an active suspension system is used to control vehicle vibration. Vehicle oscillations are simulated by a quarter-dynamic model with five state variables. This model includes the influence of the hydraulic actuator in the form of linear differential equations. This is a completely novel model. Besides, the OSMC algorithm is proposed to control the operation of the active suspension system. The controller parameters are optimized by the in-loop algorithm. According to the results of the study, under normal oscillation situations, the maximum and average values of the sprung mass were significantly reduced when the OSMC algorithm was applied. In dangerous situations, the wheel is completely separated from the road surface if the vehicle uses only the passive suspension system or active suspension system with a conventional linear control algorithm. In contrast, the interaction between the wheel and the road surface is always guaranteed when the OSMC algorithm is used to control the operation of the active suspension system. The efficiency that this algorithm brings is very high.
Indication of a personality trait in dairy calves and its link to weight gain through automatically collected feeding behaviours
Authors: Carslake Charles , Occhiuto Francesca , Vázquez-Diosdado Jorge A. , Kaler Jasmeet 
Published: November 2022

AbstractFarm animal personality traits are of interest since they can help predict individual variation in behaviour and productivity. However, personality traits are currently inferred using behavioural tests which are impractical outside of research settings. To meet the definition of a personality trait, between-individual differences in related behaviours must be temporally as well as contextually stable. In this study, we used data collected by computerised milk feeders from 76 calves over two contexts, pair housing and group housing, to test if between-individual differences in feeding rate and meal frequency meet the definition for a personality trait. Results show that between-individual differences in feeding rate and meal frequency were related, and, for each behaviour, between-individual differences were positively and significantly correlated across contexts. In addition, feeding rate and meal frequency were positively and significantly associated with weight gain. Together, these results indicate the existence of a personality trait which positions high meal frequency, fast drinking, fast growing calves at one end and low meal frequency, slow drinking, and slow growing calves at the other. Our results suggest that data already available on commercial farms could be harnessed to establish a personality trait.
Development of a multi-use decision support system for scientific management and breeding of sheep
Authors: Hamadani Ambreen , Ganai Nazir A. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAs the challenges of food insecurity and population explosion become more pressing, there is a dire need to revamp the existing breeding and animal management systems. This can be achieved by the introduction of technology for efficiency and the improvement of the genetic merit of animals. A fundamental requirement for animal breeding is the availability of accurate and reliable pedigreed data and tools facilitating sophisticated computations. Keeping this in view, Smart Sheep Breeder (SSB) was developed using the waterfall methodology and multiple programming languages. It is a multi-use online artificial intelligence (AI) based and internet of things (IoT) compatible decision support system (DSS). It is capable of automatic performance recording, farm data management, data mining, biometrical analysis, e-governance, and decision-making in sheep farms. A centralized database was also developed capable of ranking sheep across multiple farms based on genetic merit and effective dissemination of germplasm. The system in India is available as a web-based tool and android application which facilitates performance recording and generates customized reports on various aspects of sheep production. SSB uses artificial intelligence and biometrical genetic algorithms to calculate breeding values, and inbreeding coefficients, construct selection indices and generate pedigree, and history sheets as well as more than 40 types of custom-tailored animal and farm reports and graphs. The algorithms used were validated using on farms using farm data and also by comparison with established methods and software. Smart Sheep Breeder could thus prove to be indispensable for the present farming systems which could be used by sheep farm managers and breeders across India.
Enhancement of color and photovoltaic performance of semi-transparent organic solar cell via fine-tuned 1D photonic crystal
Authors: Çetinkaya Çağlar , Çokduygulular Erman , Kınacı Barış , Emik Serkan , Sönmez Nihan Akın , Özçelik Süleyman 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSemi-transparent organic solar cells’ (ST-OSCs) photovoltaic and high optical performance parameters are evaluated in innovative applications such as power-generating windows for buildings, automobiles, and aesthetic designs in architectural and industrial products. These parameters require the precision design of structures that optimize optical properties in the visible region and aim to achieve the required photon harvest in UV and IR. These designs can be realized by integrating wavelength-selective photonics-based systems into ST-OSC to increase localized absorption in wavelengths greater than 600 nm and NIR and provide modifiable optical properties. In this study, methodologically, we followed highly detailed light management engineering and transfer matrix method-based theoretical and experimental approaches. We discussed the optimal structures by evaluating color, color rendering index, correlated color temperature, and photovoltaic performances for ST-OSCs, including one-dimensional photonic crystal (1D-PC) designed at different resonance wavelengths (λB) and periods. Finally, by integrating fine-tuned (MgF2/MoO3)N 1D-PC, we report the inherently dark purple-red color of the P3HT:PCBM bulk-heterojunction-based ST-OSC neutralizes with the optimal state was 0.3248 and 0.3733 by adjusting close to the Planckian locus. We also enhanced short current density from 5.77 mA/cm2 to 6.12 mA/cm2 and PCE were increased by 7.34% from 1.77% to 1.90% designed for the N = 4 period and λB = 700 nm.
Surface roughness prediction of aircraft after coating removal based on optical image and deep learning
Authors: Hu Qichun , Xu Haojun , Chang Yipeng 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTo quickly evaluate the surface quality of aircraft after coating removal, a surface roughness prediction method based on optical image and deep learning model is proposed. In this paper, the "optical image-surface roughness" data set is constructed, and SSEResNet for regression prediction of surface roughness is designed by using feature fusion method. SSEResNet can effectively extract the detailed features of optical images, and Adam method is used for training optimization. Experiments show that the proposed model outperforms the other seven CNN backbone networks compared. This paper also investigates the effect of four different learning rate decay strategies on model training and prediction performance. The results show that the learning rate decay method of Cosine Annealing with warm restart has the best effect, its test MAE value is 0.245 μm, and the surface roughness prediction results are more consistent with the real value. The work of this paper is of great significance to the removal and repainting of aircraft coatings.
Adaptive coding occurs in object categorization and may not be associated with schizotypal personality traits
Authors: Giarratana Anna O. , Kaliuzhna Mariia , Kaiser Stefan , Tobler Philippe N. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractProcessing more likely inputs with higher sensitivity (adaptive coding) enables the brain to represent the large range of inputs coming in from the world. Healthy individuals high in schizotypy show reduced adaptive coding in the reward domain but it is an open question whether these deficits extend to non-motivational domains, such as object categorization. Here, we develop a novel variant of a classic task to test range adaptation for face/house categorization in healthy participants on the psychosis spectrum. In each trial of this task, participants decide whether a presented image is a face or a house. Images vary on a face-house continuum and appear in both wide and narrow range blocks. The wide range block includes most of the face-house continuum (2.50–97.5% face), while the narrow range blocks limit inputs to a smaller section of the continuum (27.5–72.5% face). Adaptive coding corresponds to better performance for the overlapping smaller section of the continuum in the narrow range than in the wide range block. We find that participants show efficient use of the range in this task, with more accurate responses in the overlapping section for the narrow range blocks relative to the wide range blocks. However, we find little evidence that range adaptation in our object categorization task is reduced in healthy individuals scoring high on schizotypy. Thus, reduced range adaptation may not be a domain-general feature of schizotypy.