bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Short-period Small Planets with High Mutual Inclinations are More Common around Metal-rich Stars
Authors: Hua Xinyan , Wang Sharon Xuesong , An Dongsheng , Wang Songhu , Huang Yang , Chen Dichang , Buchner Johannes , Zhu Wei , Dai Fei , Xie Jiwei 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We present a correlation between the stellar metallicities and the mutual inclinations of multiplanet systems hosting short-period small planets (a/R
⋆ < 12, R

p
< 4 R
⊕). We analyzed 89 multiplanet systems discovered by Kepler, K2, and TESS, where the innermost planets have periods shorter than 10 days. We found that the mutual inclinations of the innermost two planets are higher and more diverse around metal-rich stars. The mutual inclinations are calculated as the absolute differences between the best-fit inclinations of the innermost two planets from transit modeling, which represent the lower limits of the true mutual inclinations. The mean and variance values of the mutual inclination distribution of the metal-rich systems are 3

.

°

1 ± 0.5 and 3

.

°

1 ± 0.4, while for the metal-poor systems they are 1

.

°

3 ± 0.2 and 1

.

°

0 ± 0.2. This finding suggests that inner planetary systems around metal-rich stars are dynamically hotter. We summarized the theories that could plausibly explain this correlation, including the influence of giant planets, higher solid densities in protoplanetary disks around metal-rich stars, or secular chaos coupled with an excess of angular momentum deficits. Planet formation and population synthesis models tracking the mutual inclination evolution would be essential to fully understand this correlation.
Mobilidade rural‑urbana e desigualdades étnico‑raciais e de Gênero no Acesso ao Auxílio Emergencial durante Governo Bolsonaro
Authors: Lima de Moraes Lorena , Sampaio Sieber Shana , Mascarenhas Fonseca Barreto Rebeca , Macedo Teles de Pontes Nicole Louise , Vieira Barros Tatiane 
Published: February 2025

A má distribuição de renda no Brasil dificulta o acesso aos direitos básicos, levando parte da população a viver em situação de vulnerabilidade social, especialmente nas regiões Nordeste e Norte. A pandemia de Covid-19 evidenciou essas discrepâncias, expressas pela dificuldade de deslocamento para acesso às políticas emergenciais, como o auxílio emergencial (AE). O isolamento social agravou os prejuízos econômicos e, embora o AE tenha amenizado essa situação, a dificuldade de acessá-lo evidenciou os desafios de mobilidade das populações rurais. Este artigo visa discutir as questões de gênero e as desigualdades socioespaciais vivenciadas por mulheres nordestinas de comunidades tradicionais e da agricultura familiar do Nordeste, considerando a mobilidade como elemento central para o acesso efetivo ao AE. Para isto, entrevistamos 74 mulheres que destacaram a mobilidade rural-urbana como entrave ao acesso às políticas sociais, além do risco de contaminação pelo coronavírus. Concluímos que o descaso do governo federal com populações pobres, rurais, negras e mulheres de cidades interioranas, configurou-se sob a égide de uma violência de Estado.
Genre et mobilité rurale-urbaine : une analyse de l’aide d’urgence durant le gouvernement Bolsonaro
Authors: Lima de Moraes Lorena , Sampaio Sieber Shana , Mascarenhas Fonseca Barreto Rebeca , Macedo Teles de Pontes Nicole Louise , Vieira Barros Tatiane 
Published: February 2025

La mauvaise répartition des revenus au Brésil rend difficile l’accès aux droits fondamentaux, conduisant une partie de la population à vivre dans une situation de vulnérabilité sociale, notamment dans les régions du Nordeste et du Nord. La pandémie de Covid-19 a mis en évidence ces écarts, exprimés par la difficulté de se déplacer pour accéder aux politiques d’urgence, comme l’aide d’urgence (AU). L’isolement social a aggravé les pertes économiques et, bien que l’AU ait atténué cette situation, la difficulté d’y accéder a mis en évidence les défis de mobilité des populations rurales. Cet article vise à discuter des questions de genre et d’inégalités socio-spatiales vécues par les femmes du Nordeste issues des communautés traditionnelles et de l’agriculture familiale du Nordeste, en considérant la mobilité comme un élément central pour un accès effectif à l’AU. Pour ce faire, nous avons interrogé 74 femmes qui ont souligné la mobilité rurale-urbaine comme un obstacle à l’accès aux politiques sociales, en plus du risque de contamination par le coronavirus. Nous concluons que le mépris du gouvernement fédéral à l’égard des populations pauvres, rurales, noires et des femmes des villes rurales constitue une violence d’État.
La résistance féministe et agroécologique au gouvernement de Jair Bolsonaro
Authors: de Souza Moreira Sarah Luiza , Saori Sheyla , Siliprandi Emma 
Published: February 2025

Cet article s’intéresse à l’impact du démantèlement des politiques publiques sous le gouvernement de Jair Bolsonaro (2018-2022, Brésil) sur la vie des femmes rurales ; présente des expériences locales de réseaux et de mouvements féministes et agroécologiques qui construisaient des stratégies de résistance pendant cette période et analyse comment ces mouvements se sont organisés pour affronter le gouvernement et contribuer par la suite à la reconstruction du pays. Les Réseau Agroécologique des Femmes Agricultrices et Réseau Semences Agroécologiques sont présentés, ainsi que les stratégies politiques de la Marche Mondiale des Femmes, du Groupe de Femmes de l’Articulation Nationale d’Agroécologie, et de la Marche des Margaridas. L’article conclut sur le fait que, outre le processus de résistance, ces articulations ont été fondamentales pour réaffirmer la centralité des femmes rurales en tant que sujets politiques dans la reconstruction du pays, d’un point de vue populaire et féministe.
Addressing systemic racism in South Africa: A missio-public theological perspective
Authors: Nanthambwe Patrick 
Published: February 2025

Thirty years after the end of apartheid, South Africa continues to grapple with the deep-seated challenge of systemic racism. Despite significant strides towards equality, racial disparities persist in various sectors, impacting access to education, healthcare and economic opportunities. This enduring legacy of apartheid underscores the urgent need for effective interventions that transcend policy reform and tackle the social and cultural foundations of racial bias. This article argues that when integrated with missional engagement, public theology offers a transformative framework for addressing racism in South Africa. As a discipline concerned with the interplay between faith and societal issues, public theology invites the church to participate actively in social justice, promoting reconciliation and inclusivity within diverse communities. By embracing its prophetic role, the church can contribute to dismantling racial prejudice through dialogue, advocacy and grassroots actions that resonate with faith communities and the broader public. The missional approach within public theology emphasises the church’s calling to serve society, not merely as a religious entity but as a beacon of hope and justice. Through intentional acts of service, solidarity and community empowerment, mission-focussed public theology can expose and confront systemic inequalities. This approach seeks to raise awareness and encourage ethical practices, shaping a national ethos that values and upholds human dignity. Ultimately, this study posits that a missio-public theology approach can foster a cohesive strategy for addressing the persistent issue of racism, paving the way for a more equitable and reconciled South African society.Intradisciplinary and/or interdisciplinary implications: The article contributes to theology’s role in addressing South Africa’s challenges by presenting a practical framework for tackling systemic racism through public theology and missiology. It highlights the church’s transformative, prophetic and reconciliatory role, enriching scholarly discourse on theology’s engagement with societal issues. This perspective fosters interdisciplinary approaches to addressing social justice in South Africa and beyond.
Retinal Vascular Tumors
Authors: Al-Etr Salma F. , Khattab Ayman M. , Macky Tamer A. , Salah Shaymaa Hassan , El-Agha Mohamed-Sameh H. , Hamza Hany S. , El Qadi Layla 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Intraocular retinal vascular tumors represent main four distinct entities, which include retinal capillary hemangioma, retinal cavernous hemangioma, retinal vasoproliferative tumor, and as well as retinal arteriovenous communications (Wyburn-Mason syndrome). Choroidal hemangiomas whether circumscribed or diffuse are among retinal vascular tumors presentation. In this review article, these entities will be discussed in detail with emphasis on recent updates in the diagnosis and management. To select the best treatment option, it is very important to identify the clinical signs including the exact site, the size of the tumor, and as well as any vision-threatening complications. Different treatment modalities include cryotherapy, argon laser photocoagulation, transpupillary thermotherapy, brachytherapy, or external beam irradiation.
Phacomatoses
Authors: Abdelkader Mai A. , Khattab Ayman M. , El-Agha Mohamed-Sameh H. , El-Helw Mostafa A. , Macky Tamer A. , Hassanein Dina H. , Meqdad Yasmine A. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Phacomatoses are a diverse group of illnesses with varying patterns of inheritance. Although the central nervous system is the primary target of these disorders, they can also affect the skin, viscera, eye, and other connective tissues, with varying clinical presentations. Nowadays, there are currently over 30 entities in this group. In our review, we will demonstrate the hereditary pattern, systemic and ocular features, and as well as diagnostic criteria of the most common phacomatosis syndromes.
Dimethyl fumarate improves nuclear factor erythroid-related factor 2-mediated antioxidant response to ameliorate functional and molecular deficits in experimental diabetic neuropathy
Authors: Jindam Amrutha , Kalvala Anil Kumar , Arruri Vijay Kumar , Das Sourav , Kumar Ashutosh 
Published: February 2025

Abstract:

OBJECTIVES:
In the present study, we tested the functional/pharmacological significance of dimethyl fumarate (DMF) in streptozotocin-induced diabetic neuropathy (DN) in rats and high glucose-exposed Neuro2a (N2a) cells.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
To evaluate the pharmacological effects of DMF on diabetic neuropathy, we assessed behavioral and functional parameters of peripheral neuropathy, oxidative stress markers, and target protein expression using immunohistochemistry/immunocytochemistry, and Western blotting in diabetic rats and hyperglycemic N2a cells.

RESULTS:
Diabetic rats exhibited hyperalgesia, allodynia, and compromised sensory and motor nerve conduction velocities in comparison to normal rats. Dorsal root ganglias of diabetic rats showed decreased antioxidant levels and increased pro-inflammatory transcription factors such as nuclear factor erythroid-related factor 2 and nuclear factor-kappa B, alongside reduced expression of the heat shock protein (HSP) 90. Administering DMF to diabetic rats for 2 weeks reversed these effects in a dose-dependent manner. We observed significant compromise in mitochondrial function, indicated by reduced mitochondrial membrane potential, increased free radical levels, and compromised mitochondrial complex activities in N2a cells exposed to elevated glucose levels. Conversely, DMF treatment restored mitochondrial function and augmented mitochondrial biogenesis through the upregulation of PGC-1α and improved chaperone activity by increasing the expression of HSP 60 and HSP 70.

CONCLUSIONS:
Overall, DMF alleviated neurobehavioral deficits in DN rats and enhanced mitochondrial function and chaperone activity under hyperglycemic conditions in both diabetic rats and N2a cells.
Knowledge, attitude and practice of Kegel exercise among pregnant women in Abha, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Othman Lujain Mohammed Bin , AlHefdhi Hayfa A. , Mahmood Syed Esam , Alamer Shorouq Amer A. , Alnaami Fajr Abdulhadi , Alkedaisi Njoud Moghram Jaber , Alqahtani Maram Abdullah , Abdullah AL Omari Tahani Khalaf 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Background:
Kegel exercise or pelvic floor muscle exercise helps in improving the strength of the pelvic floor muscles and building up their function.

Objective:
To assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of Kegel exercise among pregnant women in primary health care (PHC) setting in Abha City, Saudi Arabia.

Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 370 pregnant women. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, Chi-square tests, and P values were used to analyse the data.

Results:
Pregnant women with a higher level of education and an income of 5000 to 10000 SAR demonstrated a higher proportion of good practice. The presence of specific chronic diseases, such as psychiatric disorders and diabetes mellitus, was significantly associated with poor practice. Physicians were identified as the primary source of information about Kegel exercises, followed by social media and family/friends.

Conclusion:
The findings suggest that education, income level, chronic diseases and the source of information play significant roles in the practice of Kegel exercises among pregnant women. Healthcare providers should provide comprehensive education and ensure equal access to resources for all pregnant women. Tailored support should be provided to women with chronic diseases, and healthcare professionals should actively discuss Kegel exercises during antenatal visits. The study emphasizes the importance of multidimensional approaches to promote the practice of Kegel exercises during pregnancy and enhance pelvic floor health.
Prevalence and risk factors of hemorrhoids in Jazan Region, Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Mashbari Hassan , Iskander Othman , Alyahyawi Khalid , AlMarei Shahd O. , Maashi Afnan Q. , Mahnashi Mashael S. , Allami Maram Y. , Ageeli Fadiyah K. , Ashiri Asma M. , Homadi Jawahir M. , Thakir Mawaeed A. A. , Abujabir Ethar I. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Background:
Hemorrhoids a prevalent anorectal disorder, have gained rising attention due to their impact on public health and quality of life. Despite their significance, limited research has addressed their prevalence and associated risk factors in the Jazan Region, Saudi Arabia. Thus, this study was designed to determine the prevalence and risk factors of hemorrhoids in Jazan region, Saudi Arabia.

Methods:
This was a cross-sectional study conducted in the Jazan region, Saudi Arabia, from January to June 2023. Encompassing both urban and rural areas, the study focused on individuals aged 18 and above, excluding those with communication difficulties, mental illness, or severe conditions. Employing random sampling, a sample size of 420 was determined to ensure representation, and participants were selected using a systematic random sampling technique. The analysis was performed using R version 4.2.3.

Results:
The study included 475 participants, predominantly females (72.57%), aged 25 to 44 (53.38%), with higher education (82.28%) and Saudi nationality (98.31%). Prevalence of hemorrhoids was 13.29%, with 5.27% external, 2.53% internal, and 0.21% thrombosed hemorrhoids. Constipation (OR: 2.28, P = 0.001) and family history (OR: 4.77, P < 0.001) were significant risk factors. Complications were reported by 5.70%, including ulceration (1.05%) and severe bleeding (1.05%). Social norms hindered treatment seeking for 55.49%. While age correlated (P = 0.002 and P = 0.003) with increased odds of hemorrhoids, gender, marital status, nationality, education, employment, smoking, exercise, and fiber intake showed no significant associations.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, the study revealed a 13.2% prevalence of hemorrhoids mostly external underscoring the significance of factors such as constipation age group, fiber intake, and family history in increasing susceptibility.
Menstrual health practices among Tibetan women: An ethnographic participant observation study
Authors: Dhadwal Yukti , Kumar Ashok , Pandey Shri Ram 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Background:
Menstruation is a universal human experience, yet cultural narratives and societal attitudes around it differ greatly, impacting women’s and girls’ lives all around the world. It is often associated with shame and silence.

Objective:
This research study examines ethnographic data collected from Tibetan in-exile women in Himachal Pradesh, India. The study aims to explore the menstrual experiences, menstrual health, and hygiene management among Tibetan-in-exile women in Himachal Pradesh, India.

Methodology:
The data was collected from eleven participants through participant observation. All eleven participants were observed during their menstrual cycle period. Menstrual health observations were conducted and major insights were identified. Textual analysis using R-software was conducted to get results.

Results:
Tibetan women showed neutral to positive sentiments towards menstruation. Most participants reflected comfort and calmness through non-verbal communication and body language during their periods. They showcased responsible behaviour in the disposal of used sanitary products. Tibetan-in-exile women emphasized the need for privacy and space to manage hygiene during periods.
Clinical overview and characteristics of neonates from mothers confirmed with COVID-19 at Sulianti Saroso Infectious Disease Hospital
Authors: Tobing Agustina Nurmala , Maemun Siti , Widiantari Aninda Dinar , Wijiarti Kunti , Marlina Rosa , Mariana Nina 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Background:
Pregnant women need special attention during emergencies and infectious disease outbreaks. Pregnancy is a standalone risk factor for the severity of COVID-19, heightening the vulnerability of both the mother and foetus. Neonatal admission, foetal distress, and low birth weight were correlated to the severity of COVID-19. The aim of this study was to provide a clinical overview and characteristics of neonates from mothers who were confirmed with COVID-19.

Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted at Sulianti Saroso Infectious Disease Hospital (SSIDH) from March 2020 to December 2022. Inclusion criteria included pregnant women with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection who either gave birth in a hospital according to the regulations of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia. All newborns were tested using RT-PCR SARS-COV-2 swab tests within 24 hours after birth. We used electronic medical records as a secondary source.

Result:
A total of 181 pregnant women with positive SARS-CoV-2, 103 (56.9%) gave birth, with 101 (98.1%) undergoing caesarean section. Of the 103 who gave birth, a small proportion of mothers with COVID-19 were aged <20 years or >35 years (29.13%) and had preterm deliveries (15.53%). All newborns born to SARS-CoV-2-positive mothers were alive. The severity of illness was associated with the first-minute and fifth-minute APGAR scores of newborns (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
The severity of maternal COVID-19 impacts newborns’ 1-minute and 5-minute APGAR scores. Implementing a strict COVID-19 protocol effectively prevents neonatal infections.
Inflammatory biomarkers and adverse outcome in COVID-19: Prelude for future viral pandemics
Authors: Kumar Ankit , Yendamuri Sushma , Ahmad Faiz , Mukherjee Partha B , Kumar Ravi , Manrai Manish , Muthukrishnan J , Dawra Saurabh 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Background:
Dysregulated inflammatory response plays a key role in the pathogenesis of COVID-19. The role of inflammatory markers to predict adverse clinical outcome is still controversial. The aim of this study was to analyze the association of inflammatory markers with disease outcomes independent of the effect of age and co-morbidities.

Materials and Methods:
This is a retrospective analysis of COVID-19 patients admitted at a dedicated COVID center from July 2020 to Mar 2022. Clinical characteristics and inflammatory markers namely serum Ferritin levels, CRP, D-Dimer levels, serum LDH and IL-6 Levels were studied. The following outcome parameters were collected: disease severity at onset and outcome (discharge/death).

Results:
48.4% of the of 244 COVID-19 cases included had severe disease while 51.6% had moderate disease. Mean age was 61.3 ± 14.17 years and 71.7% were males. Primary Hypertension (48.4%) and Diabetes Mellitus (39.3%) were the most common co-morbidities. Increasing age, smoking, and alcohol consumption were associated with severe disease. CRP, D-dimer, and IL-6 were independent risk factors for disease severity while CRP, D dimer, LDH, Ferritin, and NLR (Neutrophil Lymphocyte ratio) were independent predictors of disease mortality. D-dimer was the most sensitive (95.8%) and specific (92.2%) marker to predict disease severity and serum LDH was the most sensitive (74.7%) to predict disease mortality at baseline.

Conclusion:
Measurement of inflammatory markers might assist clinicians in predicting disease severity and prognosis of COVID-19. This may serve as a benchmark to understand the role of inflammatory markers in other diseases associated with dysregulated inflammatory response.
Diagnostic accuracy of interleukin-6 as a biomarker for early prediction of severe acute pancreatitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Kumar Shishir , Aziz Tarique , Kumar Rajendra , Kumar Pramod , Kumar Amit , Saha Avijit , Kumar Divakar , Niraj Mukesh Kumar 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Background:
Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an inflammatory disease of the pancreas with varying severity. The mortality rate varies from 20% to 40% among severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine that involves various infections, inflammations, and systemic disorders. Injury to acinar cells leads to necrosis, releasing proinflammatory cytokines, including IL-6, which peaks earlier. The lack of extensive data regarding the association of IL-6 with AP influences us to do this meta-analysis for early detection and treatment of AP to prevent multiorgan failure.

Methods:
We searched the PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar databases for relevant articles published from inception to June 2024. We examined the positive and negative likelihood ratios, diagnostic odds ratios, and pooled sensitivity and specificity. We used the QUADAS-2 tool to evaluate the risk of bias.

Results:
This meta-analysis included 13 studies involving 1386 patients with AP, of which 343 had SAP and 1043 had mild and moderately severe AP. The positive and negative likelihood ratios were 3.5 (95% CI 2.6 to 4.5) and 0.25 (95% CI 0.16 to 0.40). The diagnostic odds ratio of IL-6 to diagnose SAP is 14 (95% CI: 7 to 27), and the summary receiver operating characteristic curve is 0.85 (95% CI: 0.82–0.88).

Conclusion:
Based on the results of this meta-analysis, serum IL-6 is a promising biomarker for diagnosing SAP in the early stage. However, a larger-scale study involving a more extensive population is necessary due to the considerable variation between the studies.