bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
What do we know about the experiences of migrant care workers in Australia? A scoping study
Authors: Overgaard Charlotte , Withers Matt , Mcdermott Jakob 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMigrant workers comprise a significant and growing segment of Australia's non‐professional frontline care workforce. In this article, we offer a scoping study of existing research to investigate what is known about the experiences of migrant workers employed in non‐professional care occupations in Australia. Through a systematic approach, which includes six discrete stages (Arksey and O‘Malley, 2005), we find a growing and substantial literature on migrants working in non‐professional care occupations in Australia. However, we also find that only a small number of studies are concerned with the experiences of migrant workers themselves. This article thematically maps out existing knowledge about these workers—including pathways in and out of paid care work, (under)utilisation of skills, cultural meanings attached to paid care work, experiences at work such as racism and language barriers, and finally how care work is situated in relation to workers’ private lives. We conclude by identifying major gaps in the literature and outlining important avenues for future research.
Tai Chi enhances cognitive training effects on delaying cognitive decline in mild cognitive impairment
Authors: Li Binyin , Tang Huidong , He Guiying , Jin Zhijia , He Yixi , Huang Pei , He Naying , Chen Shengdi 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIntroductionCognitive training and physical exercise have shown positive effects on delaying progression of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to dementia.MethodsWe explored the enhancing effect from Tai Chi when it was provided with cognitive training for MCI. In the first 12 months, the cognitive training group (CT) had cognitive training, and the mixed group (MixT) had additional Tai Chi training. In the second 12 months, training was only provided for a subgroup of MixT.ResultsIn the first 12 months, MixT and CT groups were benefited from training. Compared to the CT group, MixT had additional positive effects with reference to baseline. In addition, Compared to short‐time training, prolonged mixed training further delayed decline in global cognition and memory. Functional magnetic resonance imaging showed more increased regional activity in both CT and MixT.DiscussionTai Chi enhanced cognitive training effects in MCI. Moreover, Tai Chi and cognitive mixed training showed effects on delaying cognitive decline.
Green lubricants production from Nile tilapia waste and prediction of physical properties through molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Moreira Denise Ramos , Ferreira Elano Nery , Neto João Francisco Câmara , Bezerra Lucas Lima , Monteiro Norberto de Kássio Vieira , do Valle Camila Peixoto , Arruda Tathilene Bezerra Mota Gomes , de Lima Neto Pedro , Rodrigues Jailson Silva , Rodrigues Francisco Eduardo Arruda , Petzhold César Liberato , Maier Martin E. , Ricardo Nágila Maria Pontes Silva 
Published: March 2022

AbstractFish farming is a worldwide growing activity and a large amount of residues is produced in this process. The present work describes a cleaner and sustainable way to produce new lubricants from fish waste oil. Oil extracted from the Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) viscera was utilized as raw material to produce basic oil for lubricants. The products were synthesized by esterification with polyols, trimethylolpropane (TMP) and pentaerythritol (PE), using p‐toluenesulfonic acid (p‐TSA) as catalyst. The synthesized esters were characterized by infrared (IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Computational methods were used to predict the physical characteristics of the material. In addition, the main physicochemical properties were evaluated, as well as the thermal behavior and toxicity of the products against Artemia salina. The synthesized esters showed high viscosity indexes (VI > 150) and viscosities that fit the degree of application ISO‐46 and 150. Molecular dynamics simulations indicated that at room temperature the lubricants Tilapia fatty acid ‐ trimethylolpropane ester (T‐TMPE) and Tilapia fatty acid ‐ pentaerythritol ester (T‐PEE) are in liquid and gel states, respectively, confirming the experimental data. The products did not present toxicity against A. salina. In this research, we reinforce the potential of using tilapia oil from waste to produce green lubricants as a strategy to reduce damage to the environment, as well as the use of computational methods that collaborate to predict physical properties of lubricants.
The impact of asynchronous online anatomy teaching and smaller learning groups in the anatomy laboratory on medical students’ performance during the Covid‐19 pandemic
Authors: Chang Ming‐Fong , Liao Meng‐Lin , Lue June‐Horng , Yeh Chi‐Chuan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDue to the Covid‐19 pandemic, National Taiwan University anatomy teachers adopted asynchronous online video teaching and reduced the size of anatomy laboratory groups in April 2020. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of these changes on medical students’ learning. Before Covid‐19, the performance of the 2019–2020 cohort was significantly better than that of the 2018–2019 cohort. However, the implementation of modified teaching strategies significantly lowered the laboratory midterm score of the 2019–2020 cohort in the second semester. Conversely, the final laboratory examination score of the 2019–2020 cohort was significantly higher than that of the 2018–2019 cohort. Through correlation analysis, lecture and laboratory examination scores were highly correlated. Additionally, the difference in lecture and laboratory z‐scores between two cohorts, the Likert scale survey and free‐text feedback of the 2019–2020 cohort, were conducted to show the impact of modified teaching strategies. There were several important findings in this study. First, the change in teaching strategies may temporarily negatively influence medical students to learn anatomy. Besides, analyzing the performance of laboratory assessments could be a complementary strategy to evaluate online assessments. Applying lecture examination scores to predict laboratory performance was a feasible way to identify students who may have difficulty in learning practical dissection. Finally, reducing group size together with reduced peer discussion may have a negative effect on learning cadaver dissection for students with low academic performance. These findings should be taken into consideration when anatomy teachers apply new teaching strategies in anatomy courses.
Output feedback adaptive RISE control for uncertain nonlinear systems
Authors: Yang Guichao , Zhu Tao , Yang Fengbo , Cui Longfei , Wang Hua 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn this article, committed to extending the robust integral of the sign of the error (RISE) feedback control to the working condition of output feedback, a novel output feedback controller with a continuously bounded control input which combines the adaptive control and integral robust feedback will be proposed for trajectory tracking of a family of nonlinear systems subject to modeling uncertainties. A novel adaptive state observer (ASO) with disturbance rejection performance is creatively constructed to derive real‐time estimation of the unmeasured state signals. Moreover, a projection‐type adaption law is integrated to handle parameter uncertainties and an integral robust term is employed to deal with external disturbances. It is shown that asymptotic estimation performance and meanwhile asymptotic tracking result can eventually be derived. Simulation validations are implemented to demonstrate the high tracking performance of the presented controller. Notably, the synthesized control algorithm can be readily extended to the Euler–Lagrange systems. Typically, it can be extended to practical electromechanical equipment such as three‐dimensional vector forming robots to improve the real‐time forming accuracy.
Blockchain for the circular economy: Theorizing blockchain's role in the transition to a circular economy through an empirical investigation
Authors: Böhmecke‐Schwafert Moritz , Wehinger Marie , Teigland Robin 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBlockchain is increasingly lauded as an enabler of the transition to a circular economy. While there is considerable conceptual research and some empirical studies on this phenomenon, scholars have yet to develop a theoretical model of blockchain's role in this transition. Grounded in the sustainability transition literature, this paper addresses this gap through the following research question: What role does blockchain play in the transition to a circular economy? Following an abductive approach, we conducted interviews with ground‐level experts implementing blockchain innovations for the circular economy across Europe and the United States. Through a thematic analysis, we derived a theoretical model of the relationships among (1) drivers and barriers of the transition to a circular economy, (2) blockchain innovation for the circular economy, (3) technical challenges of blockchain, and (4) the circular economy. While blockchain plays a moderating role, interviewees considered it only an infrastructural resource rather than a panacea.
Tumor marker response to SARS‐CoV‐2 infection among patients with cancer
Authors: Gunn Alexander H. , Tashie Carolyn , Wolf Steven , Troy Jesse D. , Zafar Yousuf 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundInflammatory responses from benign conditions can cause non‐cancer‐related elevations in tumor markers. The severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) induces a distinct viral inflammatory response, resulting in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19). Clinical data suggest carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen 19–9 (CA 19–9), and cancer antigen 125 (CA 125) levels might rise in patients with COVID‐19. However, available data excludes cancer patients, so little is known about the effect of COVID‐19 on tumor markers among cancer patients.MethodsWe conducted a case series and identified patients with a positive SARS‐CoV‐2 PCR test, diagnosis of a solid tumor malignancy, and a CEA, CA 19–9, CA 125, or CA 27–29 laboratory test. Cancer patients with documented COVID‐19 infection and at least one pre‐ and two post‐infection tumor marker measurements were included. We abstracted the electronic health record for demographics, cancer diagnosis, treatment, evidence of cancer progression, date and severity of COVID‐19 infection, and tumor marker values.ResultsSeven patients were identified with a temporary elevation of tumor marker values during the post‐COVID‐19 period. Elevation in tumor marker occurred within 56 days of COVID‐19 infection for all patients. Tumor markers subsequently decreased at the second time point in the post‐infectious period among all patients.ConclusionWe report temporary elevations of cancer tumor markers in the period surrounding COVID‐19 infection. To our knowledge this is the first report of this phenomenon in cancer patients and has implications for clinical management and future research.
Organizational culture and leadership in Egypt, Iran, and Turkey: The contextual constraints of society and industry
Authors: Bayraktar Secil , Karacay Gaye , Dastmalchian Ali , Kabasakal Hayat 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDrawing on institutional theory, this paper aims to examine whether society and industry act as constraining factors on organizational culture and leadership preferences in three countries in the Middle East and North Africa. The sample includes 55 organizations in Egypt, Iran, and Turkey operating in the finance and food industries. The findings show that organizational culture and leadership preferences vary across different societies in the region. Moreover, some organizational culture practices differ across industries, whereas leadership preferences do not. These findings demonstrate the importance of context (mainly on society and partially on industry) on shaping organizational culture and perceived leadership effectiveness. The practical implications suggest that managers must be aware that even countries in the same region have practice differences.
Electrooxidation‐Induced C(sp3)–H/C(sp2)–H Radical‐Radical Cross‐Coupling between Xanthanes and Electron‐Rich Arenes
Authors: Liang Yuwei , Niu Linbin , Liang Xing‐An , Wang Shengchun , Wang Pengjie , Lei Aiwen 
Published: March 2022

Comprehensive SummaryThe arylation of C(sp3) − H bonds has been a priority research topic in organic synthesis. Minsici reactions have been the powerful methods for C(sp3) − C(sp2) bonds formation. Despite its mature development, the scopes of arenes are usually suitable for electron‐deficient heterocyclic compounds, rather than electron‐rich arenes. Herein, we report an electrooxidation‐induced alkylation of electron‐rich arenes with H2 evolution under exogenous oxidant‐free conditions, avoiding the utilization of metal catalysts. This protocol is well performed with various electron‐rich aniline derivatives and nitrogen‐containing heterocyclic compounds. We anticipate that this electro‐oxidative C(sp3) − H arylation represents an important expansion for the classic arenes alkylation, thereby proving an attractive strategy for the developments of radical cross‐coupling chemistry.
CD24 is a surrogate for ‘immune‐cold’ phenotype in aggressive large B‐cell lymphoma
Authors: Higashi Morihiro , Momose Shuji , Takayanagi Natsuko , Tanaka Yuka , Anan Tomoe , Yamashita Takahisa , Kikuchi Jun , Tokuhira Michihide , Kizaki Masahiro , Tamaru Jun‐ichi 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe tumor microenvironment (TME) is a critical regulator of the development of malignant lymphoma. Therapeutics targeting the TME, especially immune checkpoint molecules, are changing the treatment strategy for lymphoma. However, the overall response to these therapeutics for diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is modest and new targets of immunotherapy are needed. To find critical immune checkpoint molecules for DLBCL, we explored the prognostic impact of immune checkpoint molecules and their ligands using publicly available datasets of gene expression profiles. In silico analysis of three independent datasets (GSE117556, GSE10846, and GSE181063) revealed that DLBCL expressing CD24 had a poor prognosis and had a high frequency of MYC aberrations. Moreover, gene set enrichment analysis showed that the ‘MYC‐targets‐hallmark’ (false discovery rate [FDR] = 0.024) and ‘inflammatory‐response‐hallmark’ (FDR = 0.001) were enriched in CD24‐high and CD24‐low DLBCL, respectively. In addition, the expression of cell‐specific markers of various immune cells was higher in CD24‐low DLBCL than in CD24‐high DLBCL. CIBERSORT analysis of the datasets showed fewer macrophages in CD24‐high DLBCL than in CD24‐low DLBCL. Additionally, immunohistochemical analysis of 335 cases of DLBCL showed that few TME cells were found in CD24‐high DLBCL, although statistical differences were not observed. These data indicate that CD24 expression suppresses immune cell components of the TME in DLBCL, suggesting that CD24 may be a target for cancer immunotherapy in aggressive large B‐cell lymphoma.
Cardiovascular event rate and death in high‐risk secondary prevention patient cohort in Finland: A registry study
Authors: Toppila Iiro , Ukkola‐Vuoti Liisa , Perttilä Julia , Törnwall Outi , Sinisalo Juha , Hartikainen Juha , Lehto Seppo 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundA large number of patients are living with atherosclerotic cardiovascular (CV) disease and thus are at risk of life‐threatening CV events.HypothesisThis study evaluated the risk for a recurrent CV event or death in Finnish real‐world data.MethodsPatients with an incident atherosclerotic CV event between 2012 and 2016 were included in this retrospective registry study and followed for recurrent CV events or death. The risk and risk factors of recurrent CV events or death and time from the first CV event to recurrence were assessed.ResultsA total of 48,405 patients were followed from their first CV event. The event rate was 14.34 events per 100 patient‐years. Multistate models suggested that at 5 years post index CV event, 41.5% of the patients had died or suffered a recurrent CV event. Death was the most common type of subsequent event (61.5%). After the first CV event, there were rapid increases both in recurrent CV events and deaths during the next 6 months. The subsequent CV event was usually of the same type as the first, which was of the cardiac or cerebrovascular cluster.ConclusionsThe incidence of recurrent CV events and all‐cause mortality was high in patients suffering from their first CV event, particularly during the first 6 months after the index event. Death was the most common subsequent event. The event rate accelerated after each additional CV event. This suggests that the acute treatment of the index event should be followed by prompt secondary prevention measures to achieve guideline‐recommended goals as soon as possible.
Boosting Pseudo‐capacitive Sodium Storage in Ultrafine Titanium Dioxide by an In‐situ Porous Forming Strategy
Authors: Wang Xuhong , Zhang Chenrui , Tai Linlin , Wu Xinxia , Yang Jun , Geng Hongbo 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDue to its properties (stable, affordable and non‐toxic), titanium dioxide (TiO2) has a promising future as electrode material for sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs). Its Na+ insertion/deinsertion mechanism, on the other hand, results in poor electronic conductivity and sluggish ionic diffusivity, leading to rapid capacity fading. Herein, a molten salt method is employed to creat abundant carbon pores framework, being capable of supporting plentiful ultra‐fine TiO2 adhering (U‐TiO2/C). With this unique porous structure of lots of exposed active sites, the U‐TiO2/C composite provides a faster ions transport and volume expansion buffer zone during cycling. As anode for SIBs, the U‐TiO2/C manifests splendid electrochemical performance. Specifically, the U‐TiO2/C electrode delivers a high capacity of 202.7 mAh g−1 after 100 cycles at 0.1 A g−1 and 91.4 mAh g−1 at 1.0 A g−1 after 160 cycles. Even with the increased current density to 10.0 A g−1, the U‐TiO2/C electrode still performs a high capacity of 69.5 mAh g−1 after 2500 cycles. Detailed kinetic analysis has been investigated to quantificationally demonstrate that the surface pseudocapacitive storage behavior plays a dominant role in the enhanced sodium storage.
Stepwise Protocols for Preparation and Use of Porcine Ear Skin for in Vitro Skin Permeation Studies Using Franz Diffusion Cells
Authors: Silva Izabela R. , Lima Flávia A. , Reis Eduardo C. O. , Ferreira Lucas A. M. , Goulart Gisele A. C. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe skin, the largest organ of the body, is an attractive route of topical and systemic drug administration. During the development of topical formulations, in vitro skin permeation studies using biological membranes mounted in Franz diffusion cells are a useful tool to assess the permeation of substances through the skin, and are recommended by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). Among the types of biological membranes used in such studies, porcine ear skin has been identified as the most promising, due to its similarities to human skin and its greater accessibility as compared to human skin. To standardize techniques for the preparation and use of porcine ear skin as biological membrane, here we present systematic procedures for the selection of porcine ears, their cleaning, the removal of skin from cartilage, its transformation into membranes, and its use for the in vitro assessment of the permeation of drugs from topical formulations. © 2022 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Obtaining porcine ear membranesBasic Protocol 2: Preparation of membranes from porcine ear skin and use of membranes for in vitro skin permeation studies
Combining abilities of soybean progenies and bradyrhizobium strains for biological nitrogen fixation
Authors: Carvalho João Paulo Santos , Bruzi Adriano Teodoro , Moreira Fátima Maria de Souza , Silva K. B. , Mendes Villela Gabriel 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe aim to study the biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) ability of soybean (Glycine max) progenies and their ability for symbioses using different Bradyrhizobium strains, as well as select progenies and strains that are more efficient in BNF to guide strategies in soybean breeding. An experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, evaluating 24 soybean progenies and five Bradyrhizobium strains. Mean values from analysis of variance were compared by the Scott–Knot test, and partial diallel analysis was performed to estimate general and specific combining ability. Following analysis of the greenhouse experiment, 10 soybean progenies and two Bradyrhizobium strains (SEMIA 587 and INPA 03–11B) were selected to carry out a field trial experiment. Biological nitrogen fixation was affected by genotype, strain, and genotype × strain interactions. Additive effects were predominant on the traits related to BNF, indicating that recurrent selection could be an effective breeding strategy. The progenies showed higher values for the traits related to field nodulation but did not improve seed yield. The EA‐8 progeny stood out for high yield and had good results in traits related to BNF and early maturity. The INPA 03–11B strain had the best result for seed yield, indicating high potential for use as an inoculant in soybean crops.
Enhanced Thermal Stability of Planar Perovskite Solar Cells Through Triphenylphosphine Interface Passivation
Authors: Thambidurai M. , Omer Mohamed I. , Shini Foo , Dewi Herlina Arianita , Jamaludin Nur Fadilah , Koh Teck Ming , Tang Xiaohong , Mathews Nripan , Dang Cuong 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWhile extensive research has driven the rapid efficiency trajectory noted to date for organic–inorganic perovskite solar cells (PSCs), their thermal stability remains one of the key issues hindering their commercialization. Herein, a significant reduction in surface defects (a precursor to perovskite instability) could be attained by introducing triphenylphosphine (TPP), an effective Lewis base passivator, to the vulnerable perovskite/spiro‐OMeTAD interface. Not only did TPP passivation enable a high power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 20.22 % to be achieved, these devices also exhibited superior ambient and thermal stability. Unlike the pristine device, which exhibited a sharp descend to 16 % of its initial PCE on storing in relative humidity of 10 %, at 85 °C for more than 720 h, the TPP‐passivated devices retained 71 % of its initial PCE. Hence, this study presents a facile yet excellent approach to attain high‐performing yet thermally stable PSCs.