bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is deficit irrigation with saline waters a viable alternative for winegrowers in semiarid areas?
Authors: Martínez-Moreno Alejandro , Pérez-Álvarez Eva , López-Urrea Ramon , Intrigliolo Diego , González-Centeno M. Reyes , Teissedre Pierre-Louis , Gil-Muñoz Rocío 
Published: February 2022

Two of the main challenges of Mediterranean viticulture is low water quality and the risk of increasing concentrations of mineral salts in the root zone. This work was undertaken to study the impact of saline deficit irrigation on grape and wine phenolic composition, as well as on the sensory profile of the wines. The experiment was carried out during three consecutive years (2016-2018) in a commercial vineyard of cv. Monastrell (Vitis vinifera L.) grafted onto 1103P rootstock located in D.O. Jumilla (SE Spain). Three watering regimes were carried out: i) the control (“Control”): the vines were irrigated with water of standard quality, ii) Sulfate treatment (“Sul”): the vines were irrigated with saline water (Na₂SO₄ + MgSO4), and iii) Chloride treatment (“Chl”): the vines were irrigated with saline water (NaCl). The same amount of irrigation water was applied to all the treatments. The water electrical conductivity was 1.8 dS/m for Control and 5 dS/m for the saline treatments (Sul and Chl). Both the Sul and Chl treatments reduced the berry weight in all the study years compared to Control, although this difference was statistically significant in the last year only (p ≤ 0.05). No significant differences (p > 0.05) were observed in the grape quality parameters. However, the saline treatments slightly increased grape total soluble solids (TSS) in two out of the three study years compared to Control. Regarding the phenolic composition, no significant differences (p > 0.05) among treatments were found in grapes and wines. In general, the wines from vines irrigated with saline waters received the best scores by the panel in the sensory profile analysis. The use of saline waters could be employed in the case of water scarcity, as long as the vineyard is planted on a rootstock tolerant to salinity, such as 1103P, and the vineyard soil has a texture that favours leaching.
Unusual Presentation of a Clavicle Fracture Locked Under the First Rib with Global Brachial Plexus Injury
Authors: Babu T. Shanmukha , Devendra Agraharam , Venkatramani Hari , Bharadwaj Praveen , Dheenadhayalan Jayaramaraju , Rajasekaran Shanmuganathan 
Published: February 2022

Case:
Thoracic penetration of the medial half of clavicle fracture is rare and can be life-threatening and limb-threatening because of its proximity to the pleura and neurovascular structures. We report an unusual presentation of the medial portion of clavicle fracture locked under the first rib associated with the pneumothorax and global brachial plexus palsy successfully reduced by gentle manipulation. Partial injury to the subclavian vein was repaired. Nerve transfer was performed for brachial plexus palsy. The patient showed good functional recovery.

Conclusion:
Reduction of locked intrathoracic clavicle fracture was performed safely by gentle manipulation. Subsequent appropriate interventions for the brachial plexus palsy led to a good outcome.
Compartment Syndrome Secondary to Intraosseous Access Abutting Tibial Stem Cement Mantle of a Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Chughtai Morad , Pang Aaron , Khan Taiba , Cantrell William A. , Mesko Nathan W. , Kamath Atul F. 
Published: February 2022

Update
This article was updated on June 15, 2022, because of a previous error. One of the author's names was incorrect. The correct name is William A. Cantrell.
An erratum (JBJS Case Connect. 2022;12[2]:e21.00655ER) has been published for this article.

Case:
A 79-year-old man 6 days status-post left total knee arthroplasty (TKA) presented to our institution from an outside hospital (OSH) after a suspected STEMI and ventricular fibrillation arrest. At the OSH, intraosseous (IO) access was placed in his right tibia. Orthopaedics was consulted for compartment syndrome at the IO access site. X-rays demonstrated this was secondary to the IO access abutting the cement mantle of a stemmed tibial component of a remote TKA, for which the patient required emergent fasciotomies.

Conclusions:
Healthcare providers should be cognizant of potential orthopaedic hardware that can impede proper introduction of IO access.
Effects of Supplementation of Ferulic Acid (FA) on Growth Performance, Activities of Digestive Enzymes, Antioxidant Capacity and Lipid Metabolism of Large Yellow Croaker (Larimichthys crocea) Larvae
Authors: Xu Wenxuan , Huang Wenxing , Yao Chuanwei , Liu Yongtao , Yin Zhaoyang , Mai Kangsen , Ai Qinghui 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
A 30-day feeding trial was conducted to investigate effects of supplementation of ferulic acid (FA) on growth performance, activities of digestive enzyme, antioxidant responses and lipid metabolism of the large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea) larvae. Four isonitrogenous and isolipidic micro-diets were formulated with graded levels of FA (0, 20, 40, and 80 mg/kg). Results showed that larvae fed the diet with supplementation of 40 mg/kg FA had significantly higher survival rate, while the specific growth rate was significantly higher in larvae fed diets with 40 and 80 mg/kg FA than the control group (P < 0.05). Activities of trypsin in pancreatic segments (PS) and intestinal segments, lipase in PS and Alkaline phosphatase in brush border membrane were significantly increased by supplementation of FA compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Supplementation of FA significantly increased activities of total superoxide dismutase and catalase, and reduced the malondialdehyde content compared to the control group. Meanwhile, activities of lysozyme, total nitric oxide synthase and nitric oxide content were significantly improved by supplementation of FA in diets. Furthermore, results revealed that supplementation of FA reduced the lipid accumulation in visceral mass of larvae fed the diet with 40 mg/kg FA probably through inhibiting gens expression of lipogenesis-related genes (scd1, fas and dgat2) and promoting expression of lipid catabolism-related genes (aco, cpt1, and hl). In conclusion, appropriate supplementation of 40 mg/kg FA could improve the survival and growth performance of large yellow croaker larvae through increasing digestive, antioxidant capacity and promoting lipid metabolism.
Using phytoplankton taxonomy diversity indices to assess trophic states in the biggest quake lake in China
Authors: Cai yang , Qi lin , MA chao , Lu xinxin , Fan Yawen 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Water eutrophication is widely associated with the explosion of phytoplankton productivity and the overdominance of some harmful phytoplankton species. Phytoplankton diversity indices are useful tools for describing trophic states. The relationship between phytoplankton diversity indices and trophic states is a relevant approach to assess water quality, but this approach has rarely been used to evaluate water quality in large quake lakes. To test the usefulness of phytoplankton diversity indices in water quality assessment, we investigated the taxonomy diversity-trophic state index (TSI) relationships for lakes in the second-largest quake lake worldwide, (Jingpo Lake, in China). Our results showed that Cyanophyta and Bacillariophyta were abundant at most stations during the study period. The Bacillariophyta assemblage was closely associated with organic pollution. The Margalef index and Shannon–Weaver index were relevant tools for evaluating trophic changes during the study period. The Pielou index had a weak ability to describe nutrient changes. Our findings highlight that phytoplankton taxonomy diversity indices are relevant tools in water quality assessment, but a selection of the fit index is necessary.
Reactivity-Tunable Palladium Precatalysts with Favorable Catalytic Properties in Suzuki–Miyaura Cross-Coupling Reactions
Authors: Liang Siou-Wei , Guo Yingjie , Lee Wan-Ching , Zeng Pin-Rui , Lin Tzu-Hao , Lu I-Chung , Chang Yu-Chang 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In this study, two (HO)R2P→Pd(II)Cl2←NHC precatalysts (1s) were designed and synthesized. Using these precatalysts, yields of unreactive aryl chloride, benzyl chloride, and benzoyl chloride were obtained in three to tens of minutes. Upon deprotonation, density-functional theory calculations and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry revealed that NHC was dissociated from the deprotonated precatalysts. Subsequently, the anionic (O−)R2P→Pd(II)Cl2 species could be reduced using ethoxide to form Pd(0) catalytic species. The cation and anion functions of salt additives were elucidated. The cation size could be used to modulate the catalytic properties of 1s through outer-sphere electrostatic interactions between the coordinated R2P(O−) and alkali metal ions. Through this study, we newly designed Pd(II) precatalysts with superb catalytic properties that are stable and highly efficient.
Calibrated comparison of SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody levels in response to protein-, mRNA-, and vector-based COVID-19 vaccines
Authors: Karbiener Michael , Farcet Maria R , Zollner Andreas , Masuda Taisei , Mori Mitsuhiro , Moschen Alexander R , Kreil Thomas R 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies have been suggested to reflect the efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines. This study reports the direct comparison of the SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody response elicited by a protein- (NVX-CoV2373), an mRNA- (Comirnaty), and a vector-based (Vaxzevria) COVID-19 vaccine, calibrated against the WHO international SARS-CoV-2 antibody standard, and further supports the use of neutralizing antibody levels as correlate of protection.
Radiofluorination of A Highly Potent ATM Inhibitor As A Potential PET Imaging Agent
Authors:   Claudia Fraser1, Ajenjo Javier , Veal Mathew , Dias Gemma , Chan Chung , O’Neill Edward , Destro Gianluca , Lau Doreen , Pacelli Anna , Gouverneur Veronique , Hueting Rebekka , Cornelissen Bart 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Purpose: Ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) is a key mediator of the DNA damage response, and several ATM inhibitors (ATMi) are currently undergoing early phase clinical trials for the treatment of cancer. A radiolabelled ATMi to determine drug pharmacokinetics could assist patient selection in a move towards more personalised medicine. The aim of this study was to synthesise and investigate the first 18F-labelled ATM inhibitor [18F]1 for non-invasive imaging of ATM protein and ATMi pharmacokinetics.Methods: Radiofluorination of a confirmed selective ATM inhibitor (1) was achieved through substitution of a nitro-precursor with [18F]fluoride. Uptake of [18F]1 was assessed in vitro in H1299 lung cancer cells stably transfected with shRNA to reduce expression of ATM. Blocking studies using several non-radioactive ATM inhibitors assessed binding specificity to ATM. In vivo biodistribution studies were performed in wild-type and ATM-knockout C57BL/6 mice using PET/CT and ex vivo analysis. Uptake of [18F]1 in H1299 tumour xenografts was assessed in BALB/c nu/nu mice.Results: Nitro-precursor 2 was synthesised with an overall yield of 12%. Radiofluorination of 2 achieved radiochemically pure [18F]1 in 80 ± 13 min with a radiochemical yield of 20 ± 13% (decay-corrected) and molar activities up to 80 GBq/μmol (n=11). In vitro, cell associated activity of [18F]1 increased over one hour, and retention of [18F]1 dropped to 50% over two hours. [18F]1 uptake did not correlate with ATM expression, but could be reduced significantly with an excess of known ATM inhibitors, demonstrating specific binding of [18F]1 to ATM. In vivo, fast hepatobiliary clearance was observed with tumour uptake ranging 0.13-0.90%ID/g after one hour.Conclusion: Here we report the first radiofluorination of an ATM inhibitor and its in vitro and in vivo biological evaluations, revealing the benefits but also some limitations of 18F-labelled ATM inhibitors.
High-flow Nasal Cannula Oxygen Therapy as Initial Respiratory Management for Severe COVID-19-induced Respiratory Failure: a Single-center Observational Study
Authors: Nakai Toshihiro , Umemura Yutaka , Nishida Takeshi , Mitsuyama Yumi , Watanabe Atsushi , Fujimi Satoshi 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: The efficacy and safety of high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) oxygen therapy in severe respiratory failure, especially induced by COVID-19, has not been fully elucidated. We aimed to examine the usefulness of HFNC compared to invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) as initial respiratory management for severe COVID-19-induced respiratory failure.Methods: In this retrospective observational study, we enrolled and categorized the patients with COVID-19-induced severe respiratory failure who were intolerant of conventional oxygen therapy into two groups: 1) patients who initially received HFNC (HFNC group) and 2) patients who initially underwent IMV (IMV group). The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. The secondary outcomes were ventilator-free days within 28 days, intensive care unit (ICU)-free days within 28 days, and respiratory failure days defined as the length from day 1 to achieving successful weaning from both HFNC and IMV.Results: We analyzed 182 patients (HFNC group, n=81; IMV group, n=101). There was no difference in in-hospital mortality between the two groups (19% in the HFNC group vs. 25% in the IMV group, p=0.37). Initial use of HFNC was not associated with mortality in the univariate analysis (OR, 0.69; CI, 0.34–1.42; p=0.31) and inverse probability of treatment weighting analysis using propensity scoring (OR, 1.01; CI, 0.37–2.77; p=0.984). Ventilator-free days within 28 days were significantly longer in the HFNC group than those in the IMV group (median, 22 days [interquartile range (IQR), 2–28 days] vs. median, 14 days [IQR, 0–20 days], p<0.001). ICU-free days within 28 days were significantly longer in the HFNC group than those in the IMV group (median, 23 days [IQR, 0–28 days] vs. median, 15 days [IQR, 0–20 days], p<0.001). Respiratory failure days were relatively shorter in the HFNC group, but the difference was not statistically significant (p=0.071).Conclusions: Among patients with severe COVID-19-induced respiratory failure, HFNC compared to IMV resulted in a statistically significant increase in ventilator-free and ICU-free days within 28 days without increasing in-hospital mortality. This study showed the potential for HFNC to be an effective alternative to IMV as initial respiratory management for severe COVID-19-induced respiratory failure.
EGOC inhibits TOROID polymerization by structurally activating TORC1
Authors: Prouteau Manoël , Bourgoint Clélia , Felix Jan , Bonadei Lenny , Sadian Yashar , Gabus Caroline , Savvides Savvas , Gutsche Irina , Desfosses Ambroise , Loewith Robbie 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Target Of Rapamycin Complex 1 (TORC1) is a protein kinase controlling cell homeostasis and growth in response to nutrients and stresses. Glucose depletion triggers a pronounced redistribution of TORC1 from a dispersed localisation over the vacuole surface into a large, inactive condensate called a TOROID (TORC1 Organised in Inhibited Domain). However, the molecular mechanisms governing this transition were unclear. Here, we show that acute depletion and repletion of EGO Complex (EGOC) activity is sufficient to control TOROID distribution, independently of other nutrient-signalling pathways. A 3.8 Å-resolution 3D reconstruction of TORC1 from TOROID cryo-EM data together with interrogation of key interactions in vivo provided structural insights into TORC1-TORC1’ and TORC1-EGOC interaction interfaces. These data support a model in which glucose-dependent activation of EGOC triggers binding to TORC1 at an interface required for TOROID assembly, resulting in inhibition of TORC1 polymerisation and release of active TORC1 dimers.
The association between the flat feet and the symptoms of knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Cheng Cheng-Kung , Zhang Min , Nie Mao-dan , Qi Xin-zheng , Ke Song , Li Jun-wei , Shui Yang-yang , Zhang Zhuo-yue , Wang Min 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the association between the flat feet and the symptoms of knee osteoarthritis (OA). Methods: 95 participants with knee osteoarthritis were recruited for this study. Knee osteoarthritis was evaluated using a combination of Kellgren-Lawrence (K-L) grade, femoral-tibial angle (FTA), knee pain and physical function. The Arch Index (AI) was used to assess the severity of flat feet, with subjects being divided into groups with no flat feet, mild flat feet and severe flat feet. A chi-square test, continuous variable t test and Mann-Whitney U test were used to compare differences in K-L grade, knee pain, physical function and femoral-tibial angle. Regression analysis was performed to assess the correlation between the flat feet and the characteristics of knee osteoarthritis. Results: Flat feet was associated with a significantly increased risk of having a larger varus angle (beta: -2.306; 95% confidence interval (CI): -3.703, -0.909; p = 0.001), higher pain score (beta: 0.356; 95% CI: 0.130, 0.582; p = 0.002) and greater loss of physical function (beta: 0.281; 95% CI: 0.071, 0.491; p = 0.009). Severe grades of flat feet were associated with an increased risk of pain (beta: -0.289; 95% CI: -0.543, -0.035; p = 0.026). However, the severity of flat feet was not associated with K-L grade, FTA or physical function. Conclusion: There was a significant association between the presence of flat feet and symptoms of knee OA, and severe flat feet was found to aggravate OA-related knee pain. Active treatment to correct flat feet is recommended to relieve symptoms associated with knee OA. Level of Evidence: Level II
SWI2/SNF2 Chromatin Remodeling ATPases SPLAYED and BRAHMA Control Embryo Development in Rice
Authors: Xun Qian , Mei Min , Song Ye , Rong Chenyu , Liu Jiajun , Zhong Tianhui , Ding Yanfeng , Ding Chengqiang 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In plants, SPLAYED (SYD) and BRAHMA (BRM) encode chromatin remodeling ATPases that use the energy derived from ATP hydrolysis to restructure nucleosomes and render certain genomic regions available to transcription factors. However, the function of SYD and BRM on rice growth and development is unknown. Here, we constructed ossyd and osbrm mutants using CRISPR/Cas9 technology and analyzed the effects of mutations on rice embryo development. We discovered that the ossyd and osbrm mutants exhibited severe defects during embryonic development, whereas endosperm development was normal. These results indicated that the development of the embryo and endosperm is independent of each other. Consequently, the ossyd- and osbrm-null mutants did not germinate due to the abnormal embryos. Furthermore, we observed the embryos of ossyd- and osbrm-null mutants, and they indeed had distinct differentiation defects in shoot establishment, acquired during embryogenesis. To verify the function of OsSYD and OsBRM in embryogenesis, we measured the transcript levels of marker genes at different stages. Compared with wild-type, the expression levels of multiple OSH genes were significantly reduced in the mutants, which was consistent with the defective shoot establishment phenotypes. The interaction between SYD and RICE FLORICAULA/LFY (RFL) was revealed using a yeast two-hybrid screening system, suggesting that the interaction between the LFY homolog and chromatin remodeling ATPases are ubiquitous in plants. Collectively, our findings provide the basis for elucidating the function of OsSYD and OsBRM during embryo development in rice.
Is monotherapy with a beta-lactam antibiotic inferior to combination therapy with a beta-lactam antibiotic and rifampicin in treating prosthetic joint infections? A retrospective study.
Authors: Jalal Bamo , Murlasits Veronika , Boel Jonas B. , Sonntag Jesper , Michelsen Morten , Gottlieb Hans , Arpi Magnus , Nielsen Lene 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: The use of rifampicin in Prosthetic joint infections (PJI’s) is widely used, although the evidence of its effectiveness is sparce. The aim of this study was to retrospectively examine if monotherapy with a beta-lactam antibiotic was inferior to combination therapy with a beta-lactam antibiotic and rifampicin in the treatment of PJI’s of the hip and knee caused by beta-lactam sensitive staphylococci treated with debridement, antibiotics, and implant retention (DAIR). Methods: Ninety-one patients with beta-lactam sensitive PJI’s of the hip and knee from two hospitals in Denmark received DAIR between January 1, 2004 – December 31, 2013. Fifty-one patients were postoperatively treated with beta-lactam antibiotic monotherapy (control group) at one institution, while at a second institution, 40 patients received combination therapy with a beta-lactam antibiotic and rifampicin. Patients were followed for two years from the date the DAIR procedure was carried out. Hazard Ratios (HR) were calculated using Cox proportional hazards regression analysis along with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results: No significant difference in arthroplasty removal within two years was found between the two groups; rifampicin group 13 (32.5 %) vs. control group 20 (39.2 %; p=0.51). Comparing arthroplasty survival between the rifampicin group and the control group, a statistically significant difference was not found ((HR) 0.81, 95% CI 0.40 - 1.63, p = 0.55). Conclusion: This study suggests that monotherapy with a beta-lactam is not inferior to combination therapy with a beta-lactam and rifampicin in treating staphylococcal PJI’s with DAIR. We suggest that monotherapy with a beta-lactam in DAIR may be a safe option when treating staphylococcal PJI’s.
Post-COVID aspergilloma ended up with lobectomy: a case report
Authors: Saha Debmalya , Mukherjee Kaushik , Mukherjee Siddhartha , Guha Amrita , Mukherjee Suranjan 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
A 45-year diabetic male with a history of COVID-19(April,2021) was referred to our Centre for recurrent hemoptysis with suspected aspergilloma in upper lobe of the left lung. He was being managed with antifungal medication along with panel of investigations for surgical planning. CT thorax image was suggestive of aspergilloma, but bronchoscopic biopsy revealed no fungal element. Fungal biomarkers were negative for aspergillosis. Then we planned for surgical resection of the lesion but ended up with upper lobectomy because of macroscopic involvement of the surrounding lung parenchyma. Final histopathology report of the surgical specimen came out to be invasive aspergillosis. The patient was discharged on postoperative day eight with uneventful postoperative period.