bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing the Relationship Between External and Internal Match Loads in Elite Women’s Rugby Sevens
Authors: Conte Daniele , Arruda Ademir Felipe Schultz , Clemente Filipe M. , Castillo Daniel , Kamarauskas Paulius , Guerriero Aristide 
Published: February 2022

Purpose: To assess the relationship between external and internal load during official women’s rugby seven matches. Methods: Six backs (age = 24.2 [3.2] y; height = 161.5 [7.3] cm; body mass = 59.5 [5.0] kg; playing experience = 5.3 [1.5] y) and 8 forwards (age = 22.4 [2.7] y; height = 167.0 [4.8] cm; body mass = 70.6 [5.6] kg; playing experience = 5.0 [1.5] y) belonging to the women’s rugby seven Brazilian national team were monitored across 3 international tournaments during the 2019–20 season, with 2 players excluded from the analysis since they did not participate in any investigated match. Total distance (TD), distance during high-intensity running 18.1 to 20.0 km·h−1 and >20 km·h−1 (sprinting), number of accelerations >1.8 m·s−2 (ACC), and of decelerations <1.8 m·s−2 were used as match load volume measures, while their relative values (TD per minute, high-intensity running per minute, sprinting per minute, ACC per minute, and decelerations per minute) were used as external load match intensity measures. Internal load intensity and volume were assessed using the session rating of perceived exertion (sRPE) and its value multiplied by match duration (sRPE-ML), respectively. Spearman correlations and linear mixed models were used to assess the relationships between internal and external load measures. Results: A very large relationship (ρ = .830, P < .001) was found between sRPE-ML and TD, with linear mixed models showing that TD statistically affected sRPE-ML (P < .001). Linear mixed models analysis showed that ACC per minute was also affecting the sRPE-ML (P = .017), while sprinting (P = .007) and ACC per minute (P = .005) were the only 2 measures statistically affecting sRPE. However, weak relationships (trivial to large) were found for these and all other measures. Conclusions: These results highlight that TD is the main external load measure able to anticipate the internal load responses measured via sRPE-ML in elite women’s rugby sevens.
Intrapancreatic accessory spleen with an epidermoid cyst: a malignant mimicry
Authors: Wee Jia Jia , Vu Charles K F , Ding Cristine Szu Lyn , Shelat Vishal G 
Published: February 2022

With the liberal use of CT scan for clinical diagnosis, clinicians are faced with an increasing number of pancreatic incidentalomas. Compared with other incidentalomas, pancreatic incidentalomas have higher chances of future malignant transformation. There are many differential diagnoses, and epidermoid cyst in an intrapancreatic accessory spleen (ECIPAS) is extremely rare, with only a handful of reports. Preoperative diagnosis is often complicated, and the final diagnosis is usually only made after surgical resection.We report a 34-year-old man who had an incidentally noted 2.8 cm pancreatic tail cystic lesion on a CT scan done for urinary symptoms. The lesion had a solid nodular component that was worrisome for malignancy, and the patient underwent further evaluation with an MRI scan and endoscopic ultrasound of the pancreas. The differential diagnoses of cystic degeneration of neuroendocrine tumour, branch-duct intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm with worrisome features or ectopic intrapancreatic spleen were made. A multidisciplinary tumour board recommended surgical resection given risk features of malignancy. The patient subsequently underwent a laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy with splenectomy, and histology confirmed the diagnosis of ECIPAS.Imaging characteristics of ECIPAS are non-specific, and most patients have a diagnosis made only after surgery. Therefore, more evidence is warranted for accurate preoperative imaging diagnosis to avoid unnecessary pancreatic surgery, which is not without its risks.
No association found between body checking experience and injury or concussion rates in adolescent ice hockey players
Authors: Eliason Paul , Hagel Brent E , Palacios-Derflingher Luz , Galarneau Jean-Michel , Warriyar K V Vineetha , Bonfield Stephan , Black Amanda Marie , Babul Shelina , Mrazik Martin , Lebrun Constance , Emery Carolyn 
Published: February 2022

ObjectivesTo compare rates of injury and concussion among U-15 (ages 13–14 years) ice hockey players playing in leagues allowing body checking, but who have a varying number of years of body checking experience.MethodsThis 5-year longitudinal cohort included U-15 ice hockey players playing in leagues where policy allowed body checking. Years of body checking experience were classified based on national/local body checking policy. All ice hockey game-related injuries were identified using a validated injury surveillance methodology. Players with a suspected concussion were referred to a study sport medicine physician. Multiple multilevel Poisson regression analysis was performed, adjusting for important covariates and a random effect at a team level (offset by game exposure hours), to estimate injury and concussion incidence rate ratios (IRRs).ResultsIn total, 1647 players participated, contributing 1842 player-seasons (195 players participating in two seasons). Relative to no body checking experience, no significant differences were found in the adjusted IRRs for game-related injury for players with 1 year (IRR=0.94; 95% CI: 0.69 to 1.28) or 2+ years (IRR=0.89; 95% CI: 0.56 to 1.40) body checking experience. No differences were found in the rates of concussion for players with 1 year (IRR=0.79; 95% CI: 0.51 to 1.22) but was significantly lower for players with 2+ years (IRR=0.51; 95% CI: 0.28 to 0.94) compared with no body checking experience.ConclusionsAmong ice hockey players aged 13–14 years participating in leagues permitting body checking, the adjusted rates of all injury were not significantly different between those that had body checking experience and those that did not. While the rates of concussion were significantly lower among those with 2+ years of body checking experience, the number of concussions potentially prevented in U-15 does not offset the number of concussions prevented through policy disallowing body checking at U-13.
Modelling the benefits of an optimised treatment strategy for 5-ASA in mild-to-moderate ulcerative colitis
Authors: Louis Edouard , Paridaens Kristine , Al Awadhi Sameer , Begun Jakob , Cheon Jae Hee , Dignass Axel U , Magro Fernando , Márquez Juan Ricardo , Moschen Alexander R , Narula Neeraj , Rydzewska Grazyna , Freddi Matthew J , Travis Simon PL 
Published: February 2022

Objectives5-aminosalicylate (mesalazine; 5-ASA) is an established first-line treatment for mild-to-moderate ulcerative colitis (UC). This study aimed to model the benefits of optimising 5-ASA therapy.MethodsA decision tree model followed 10 000 newly diagnosed patients with mild-to-moderately active UC through induction and 1 year of maintenance treatment. Optimised treatment (maximising dose of 5-ASA and use of combined oral and rectal therapy before treatment escalation) was compared with standard treatment (standard doses of 5-ASA without optimisation). Modelled data were derived from published meta-analyses. The primary outcomes were patient numbers achieving and maintaining remission, with an analysis of treatment costs for each strategy conducted as a secondary outcome (using UK reference costs).ResultsDuring induction, there was a 39% increase in patients achieving remission through the optimised pathway without requiring systemic steroids and/or biologics (6565 vs 4725 for standard). Potential steroidal/biological adverse events avoided included: seven venous thromboembolisms and eight serious infections. Out of the 6565 patients entering maintenance following successful induction on 5-ASA, there was a 21% reduction in relapses when optimised (1830 vs 2311 for standard). This translated into 297 patients avoiding further systemic steroids and 214 biologics. Optimisation led to an average net saving of £272 per patient entering the model for the induction and maintenance of remission over 1 year.ConclusionModelling suggests that optimising 5-ASA therapy (both the inclusion of rectal 5-ASA into a combined oral and rectal regimen and maximisation of 5-ASA dose) has clinical and cost benefits that supports wider adoption in clinical practice.
Outcomes of upper gastrointestinal cancer screening in high-risk individuals: a population-based prospective study in Northeast China
Authors: Yu Zhifu , Zuo Tingting , Yu Huihui , Zhao Ying , Zhang Yong , Liu Jinghua , Dong Shoulan , Wu Ying , Liu Yunyong 
Published: February 2022

ObjectivesThe strategy for upper gastrointestinal cancer (UGC) screening has not yet been determined, especially in northeast China.DesignThe sample was from an ongoing prospective population-based cohort for cancer screening.ParticipantsThis study belonged to the Chinese Urban Cancer Screening Program. The analysis was based on the recruitment of participants aged 40–74 in Northeast China from 2016 to 2017. Totally, 39 369 eligible participants were recruited, 8772 were evaluated to be at high risk for UGC, 1957 underwent endoscopy.Outcomesχ2 test and multifactor logistic regression model was performed to analyse influencing factors of participation rate. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was applied to evaluate the diagnostic power of the high-risk assessment. The Cox regression model was used to estimate hazard ratio (HR) for the potential value.ResultsThe high-risk rate was 22.28% and the participation rate of endoscopy screening was 22.31%. Factors such as age at 45–59 years, female sex, high level of education, occupation for professional and technical personnel, former drinking, secondary smoking, less physical activity, history of trauma or mental depression, history of upper gastrointestinal system disease and family history of UGC were associated with increased participation in endoscopy screening (all the p<0.05). There were five UGCs, 86 oesophageal precancerous lesions and 145 gastric precancerous lesions, and the detection rates were 0.26%, 4.39% and 7.41%, respectively. The detection rate for both oesophageal and gastric lesions increased with age and was higher for men than for women (all the p<0.05). After a 3-year follow-up, 30 UGCs had been diagnosed and the high risk of UGC increased the mortality risk ratio (HR: 1.90, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.41 to 2.56).ConclusionThe participation rate and outcomes of UGC screening were promising in our study and will provide important reference for evaluating value of UGC screening in China.
Primary care clinical management following self-harm during the first wave of COVID-19 in the UK: population-based cohort study
Authors: Steeg Sarah , Carr Matthew , Trefan Laszlo , Ashcroft Darren , Kapur Navneet , Nielsen Emma , McMillan Brian , Webb Roger 
Published: February 2022

ObjectivesA substantial reduction in self-harm recorded in primary care occurred during the first wave of COVID-19 but effects on primary care management of self-harm are unknown. Our objectives were to examine the impact of COVID-19 on clinical management within 3 months of an episode of self-harm.DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingUK primary care.Participants4238 patients with an index episode of self-harm recorded in UK primary care during the COVID-19 first-wave period (10 March 2020–10 June 2020) compared with 48 739 patients in a prepandemic comparison period (10 March-10 June, 2010-2019).Outcome measuresUsing data from the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink, we compared cohorts of patients with an index self-harm episode recorded during the prepandemic period versus the COVID-19 first-wave period. Patients were followed up for 3 months to capture subsequent general practitioner (GP)/practice nurse consultation, referral to mental health services and psychotropic medication prescribing. We examined differences by gender, age group and Index of Multiple Deprivation quintile.ResultsLikelihood of having at least one GP/practice nurse consultation was broadly similar (83.2% vs 80.3% in the COVID-19 cohort). The proportion of patients referred to mental health services in the COVID-19 cohort (4.2%) was around two-thirds of that in the prepandemic cohort (6.1%). Similar proportions were prescribed psychotropic medication within 3 months in the prepandemic (54.0%) and COVID-19 first-wave (54.9%) cohorts.ConclusionsDespite the challenges experienced by primary healthcare teams during the initial COVID-19 wave, prescribing and consultation patterns following self-harm were broadly similar to prepandemic levels. We found no evidence of widening of digital exclusion in terms of access to remote consultations. However, the reduced likelihood of referral to mental health services warrants attention. Accessible outpatient and community services for people who have self-harmed are required as the COVID-19 crisis recedes and the population faces new challenges to mental health.
Risk of psychosis in illicit amphetamine users: a 10 year retrospective cohort study
Authors: Huang Chieh-Liang , Tsai I-Ju , Lee Cynthia Wei-Sheng 
Published: February 2022

QuestionAmphetamine use is a risk factor for psychosis, which imposes a substantial burden on society. We aimed to investigate the incidence of psychosis associated with illicit amphetamine use and whether rehabilitation treatments could influence the psychosis risk.Study selection and analysisA retrospective cohort study was conducted using the population based Taiwan Illicit Drug Issue Database (TIDID) and the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD), from 2007 to 2016. We identified 74 601 illicit amphetamine users as the amphetamine cohort and 2 98 404 subjects as the non-amphetamine cohort. The incidence rate of newly diagnosed psychosis was the main outcome. Cox proportional hazards models were applied to assess the effects of amphetamine, and the Kaplan–Meier method was used to estimate the cumulative psychosis incidence curves.FindingsIllicit amphetamine users were 5.28 times more likely to experience psychosis than those without illicit drug use records. The risk was higher for subjects with multiple arrests for amphetamine use. A greater hazard ratio (HR) magnitude was observed in female patients. We also observed a significant decrease in the risk of psychosis in patients receiving rehabilitation treatments during deferred prosecution (adjusted HR 0.74, 95% CI 0.61 to 0.89).ConclusionsIllicit amphetamine use was associated with an increased incidence of psychosis. The risk was identified across all age groups, particularly in women and in those arrested multiple times, and was inversely correlated with rehabilitation treatments for amphetamine misuse.
Effect of CYB2B6 (c.516G&gt;T), CYP2C9 (c.1075A&gt;C) and UGT1A9 (c.98T&gt;C) polymorphisms on propofol pharmacokinetics in patients submitted to colonoscopy: a cohort study
Authors: Poma Mara Aparecida Maricato , Ribeiro Junior Howard Lopes , Costa Eugênio Araújo , Paier Carlos Roberto Koscky , Brasil Laís Lacerda , Lima Luína Benevides , Nobre Livia Maria Soares , Leite Tayales Tavares , Lima-Júnior Roberto César Pereira , Quidute Ana Rosa Pinto , de Moraes Maria Elisabete Amaral , de Moraes Filho Manoel Odorico 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Background
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of CYB2B6 (c.516G&gt;T, rs3745274), CYP2C9 (c.1075A&gt;C, rs1057910) and UGT1A9 (c.98T&gt;C, rs72551330) polymorphisms on the pharmacokinetics of single-drug propofol in adult patients undergoing intravenous sedation.

Methods
In this prospective clinical study, a total of 124 patients undergoing anaesthesia with propofol, as a single drug, were evaluated when undergoing colonoscopy procedure. Clinical variables were obtained from the patient’s anamnesis prior to performing the anaesthetic procedure, in the moment of the patient’s loss of consciousness, during the colonoscopy exam (recorded every 5 min) and in the awakening time.

Results
Polymorphic genotypes for the rs3745274 and rs1057910 polymorphisms were associated with bispectral index, target-controlled infusion (TCI)/effector concentration of propofol and TCI/plasma concentration of propofol values. Based on multivariate analysis, it was observed that weight, age, surgery time, systolic blood pressure and the rs1057910 polymorphism corresponded to predictive values for the dose of propofol used. Weight (B = 4.807±0.897), age (B = 1.834±0.834) and duration of surgery (B = 8.164±1.624) corresponded to factors associated with increased propofol dose, while systolic blood pressure (B = −1.892±0.679) and the genotypes (AA vs CA) of the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs1057910 CYPP2C9 gene (B = −74.161±26.820) decreased the total dose of propofol used.

Conclusion
We concluded that the rs1057910 and rs3745274 polymorphisms affect the metabolism of propofol in patients exclusively submitted to this drug. Thus, the knowledge of the polymorphic genotypes of the CYPP2C9 and CYB2B6 genes may be predictive of different metabolising phenotypes, suggesting expected behaviours of BIS parameter in the anaesthetic procedure, which contributes to safer monitoring by anaesthesiologists during the clinical intervention.
Allergic conditions and risk of rheumatoid arthritis: a Swedish case–control study
Authors: Kronzer Vanessa L , Westerlind Helga , Alfredsson Lars , Crowson Cynthia S , Klareskog Lars , Holmqvist Marie , Askling Johan 
Published: February 2022

ObjectiveTo determine the association of allergic conditions with incident rheumatoid arthritis (RA), especially in relation to smoking history and anti-citrullinated peptide antibody (ACPA) status.MethodsThis case–control study included 3515 incident RA cases and 5429 matched controls from the Epidemiological Investigation of Rheumatoid Arthritis study 1995 to 2016, including questionnaire-based information on eight allergic conditions composed from a list of 59 unique allergies. We used logistic regression and adjusted ORs (aOR) to assess the association between allergic conditions and risk of RA, adjusting for age, sex, residential area, body mass index, education, and smoking, and stratified by smoking and ACPA.ResultsA history of any reported allergy was equally common in RA (n=1047, 30%) as among population controls (n=1540, 29%), aOR 1.04, 95% CI 0.95 to 1.15. Metal, respiratory, food, plant/pollen and chemical allergies were not associated with risk of RA. By contrast, statistically significant associations were observed for animal dander allergy (6% vs 5%, aOR 1.37, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.82), especially in ACPA-positive RA (aOR 1.46 95% CI 1.06 to 2.01) and for atopic dermatitis, in particular for older and ACPA-negative RA (aOR 2.33, 95% CI 1.37 to 3.96 at age 80). Never smokers with allergic rhinitis also had increased risk of developing RA (aOR 1.30, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.68).ConclusionMost common allergies do not increase risk of RA, nor do they protect against RA. However, some allergic conditions, notably animal dander allergy, atopic dermatitis and allergic rhinitis, were associated with an increased risk for RA.
High-Temperature Rheology Characteristics of Hard Petroleum Asphalt Used in China
Authors: Li Bo , Wang Binghui , Zhang Xijun , Lin Xixiong , Zhang Yan 
Published: February 2022

Hard petroleum asphalt, which is a high modulus asphalt binder material, is used for improving asphalt pavement rutting distress. This property is attributed to the good high-temperature rheological characteristics of hard petroleum asphalt. The study investigates the performance of hard petroleum asphalt and Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene polymer modified asphalt (SBSPMA) based on three aspects: asphalt oil source, asphalt grade, and aging degree. The short-term and long-term aging of four hard petroleum asphalts and SBSPMA of comparative samples were measured using the rolling thin film oven test (RTFOT) and the pressure aging test (PAV). Firstly, the viscosity-temperature curve of hard petroleum asphalt was obtained using the Brookfield viscosity test at different temperatures combined with the improved REFUTAS formula. The complex shear modulus (

G

∗

), phase angle (δ), and rutting factor (

G

∗

/

sin

δ

) of each asphalt sample were then measured by the dynamic shear rheometer test (DSR). Furthermore, the temperature sensitivity of each asphalt sample was calculated using the complex modulus index method (GTS). The compaction and paving temperature ranges of each asphalt were then confirmed. The results showed that the high-temperature rheological characteristics of hard petroleum asphalt were similar to those of SBSPMA. The temperature sensitivity of hard petroleum asphalt was basically the same as that of SBSPMA, while the influence of aging on the

G

∗

of hard petroleum asphalt was greater than that of SBSPMA. In addition, the hard petroleum asphalt construction temperature was lower than that of SBSPMA.
Comparative Effectiveness of Carotid Stenting to Medical Therapy Among Patients With Asymptomatic Carotid Stenosis
Authors: Keyhani Salomeh , Cheng Eric M. , Hoggatt Katherine , Austin Peter C. , Madden Erin , Hebert Paul L. , Halm Ethan A. , Naseri Ayman , Johanning Jason , Abraham Ann , Bravata Dawn M. 
Published: February 2022

Background:
No completed trials have compared carotid artery stenting (CAS) to medical therapy (MT). We examined the effectiveness of CAS compared with MT in patients with asymptomatic carotid stenosis.

Methods:
We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 219 979 Veterans ≥65 years who received carotid imaging for asymptomatic carotid stenosis between 2005 and 2009 in the US Veterans Health Administration. We constructed a sample of patients who received MT (n=2509) and comparable patients who received CAS (n=551) and followed them for 5 years. Using target trial methodology, we computed weighted Kaplan-Meier curves and estimated the risk of fatal and nonfatal stroke in each group over 5 years of follow-up. We also estimated the cumulative incidence functions for fatal and nonfatal stroke accounting for nonstroke deaths as competing risks.

Results:
Five hundred fifty-one patients received CAS, and 2509 patients received MT. The observed rate of stroke or death (perioperative complications) within 30 days in the CAS arm was 2.2%. Using the target trial methodology, the 5-year risk of fatal and nonfatal stroke was similar among patients assigned to CAS (6.9%) compared with patients assigned to MT (7.1%; risk difference, −0.1% [95% CI, −2.6% to 2.7%]). In an analysis that incorporated the competing risk of death, the risk difference between the two arms remained nonsignificant (risk difference, −1.5% [95% CI, −3.0% to 0.3%]).

Conclusions:
In this sample of older male adults, we found no difference between MT and CAS in the treatment of asymptomatic carotid stenosis. Future studies in other settings are needed to confirm these findings.