bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Low-grade mucinous neoplasms (LAMN) of the appendix in Germany between 2011 and 2018: a nationwide analysis based on data provided by the German Center for Cancer Registry Data (ZfKD) at the Robert Koch Institute (RKI)
Authors: Köhler Franziska , Reese Lena , Hendricks Anne , Kastner Carolin , Müller Sophie , Lock Johan F. , Germer Christoph-Thomas , Wiegering Armin 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Introduction
Low-grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasms (LAMN) are semi-malignant tumors of the appendix which are incidentally found in up to 1% of appendectomy specimen. To this day, no valid descriptive analysis on LAMN is available for the German population.

Methods
Data of LAMN (ICD-10: D37.3) were collected from the population-based cancer registries in Germany, provided by the German Center for Cancer Registry Data (Zentrum für Krebsregisterdaten—ZfKD). Data was anonymized and included gender, age at diagnosis, tumor staging according to the TNM-classification, state of residence, information on the performed therapy, and survival data.

Results
A total of 612 cases were reported to the ZfKD between 2011 and 2018. A total of 63.07% were female and 36.93% were male. Great inhomogeneity in reporting cases was seen in the federal states of Germany including the fact that some federal states did not report any cases at all. Age distribution showed a mean age of 62.03 years (SD 16.15) at diagnosis. However, data on tumor stage was only available in 24.86% of cases (n = 152). A total of 49.34% of these patients presented with a T4-stage. Likewise, information regarding performed therapy was available in the minority of patients: 269 patients received surgery, 22 did not and for 312 cases no information was available. Twenty-four patients received chemotherapy, 188 did not, and for 400 cases, no information was available. Overall 5-year survival was estimated at 79.52%. Patients below the age of 55 years at time of diagnosis had a significantly higher 5-year survival rate compared to patients above the age of 55 years (85.77% vs. 73.27%).

Discussion
In this study, we observed an incidence of LAMN in 0.13% of all appendectomy specimen in 2018. It seems likely that not all cases were reported to the ZfKD; therefore, case numbers may be considered underestimated. Age and gender distribution goes in line with international studies with females being predominantly affected. Especially regarding tumor stage and therapy in depth information cannot be provided through the ZfKD-database. This data analysis emphasizes the need for further studies and the need for setting up a specialized registry for this unique tumor entity to develop guidelines for the appropriate treatment and follow-up.
Appearance-based health promotion messages for increasing fruit and vegetable consumption: gender, age and adverse effects
Authors: Appleton Katherine M. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Aim
This study sought to investigate the effects of body-weight-based compared to health-based public health messages for encouraging fruit and vegetable consumption, dependent on gender and age, while also gauging adverse consequences.

Subject and methods
Using an independent groups design, male and female participants, aged 18–65 years, were randomized to view either a weight-based (N = 245) or a health-based (N = 231) public health message for increasing fruit and vegetable consumption, and intentions to consume, immediate selection and subsequent consumption of fruit and vegetables and biscuit/cake-bars, adverse consequences and various confounders were assessed.

Results
Weight-based messages resulted in greater immediate selection and subsequent fruit and vegetable consumption compared to health-based messages in females (smallest Beta = 0.375, p = 0.04), specifically younger females (least significant Beta = 0.683, p = 0.04). No effects were found in males. Intentions to consume fruit and vegetables, biscuit/cake-bars and subsequent biscuit/cake-bar consumption were predicted only by confounders. Adverse consequences of the messages were low (χ2(1) = 44.16, p < 0.05; smallest t(148) = 10.22, p < 0.01), and did not differ between weight-based and health-based messages (χ2(2) = 2.72, p > 0.05; largest t(278) = 0.75, p = 0.46).

Conclusions
This work demonstrates a role for weight-based compared to health-based public health promotion messages for increasing fruit and vegetable selection and consumption in young females. Adverse consequences following the messages were low, but care may still be needed.
Protein Biomarkers in Blood Reflect the Interrelationships Between Stroke Outcome, Inflammation, Coagulation, Adhesion, Senescence and Cancer
Authors: Fuellen Georg , Walter Uwe , Henze Larissa , Böhmert Jan , Palmer Daniel , Lee Soyoung , Schmitt Clemens A. , Rudolf Henrik , Kowald Axel 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe most important predictors for outcomes after ischemic stroke, that is, for health deterioration and death, are chronological age and stroke severity; gender, genetics and lifestyle/environmental factors also play a role. Of all these, only the latter can be influenced after the event. Recurrent stroke may be prevented by antiaggregant/anticoagulant therapy, angioplasty of high-grade stenoses, and treatment of cardiovascular risk factors. Blood cell composition and protein biomarkers such as C-reactive protein or interleukins in serum are frequently considered as biomarkers of outcome. Here we aim to provide an up-to-date protein biomarker signature that allows a maximum of mechanistic understanding, to predict health deterioration following stroke. We thus surveyed protein biomarkers that were reported to be predictive for outcome after ischemic stroke, specifically considering biomarkers that predict long-term outcome (≥ 3 months) and that are measured over the first days following the event. We classified the protein biomarkers as immune‑inflammatory, coagulation-related, and adhesion-related biomarkers. Some of these biomarkers are closely related to cellular senescence and, in particular, to the inflammatory processes that can be triggered by senescent cells. Moreover, the processes that underlie inflammation, hypercoagulation and cellular senescence connect stroke to cancer, and biomarkers of cancer-associated thromboembolism, as well as of sarcopenia, overlap strongly with the biomarkers discussed here. Finally, we demonstrate that most of the outcome-predicting protein biomarkers form a close-meshed functional interaction network, suggesting that the outcome after stroke is partially determined by an interplay of molecular processes relating to inflammation, coagulation, cell adhesion and cellular senescence.
Left atrial appendage sealing performance of the Amplatzer Amulet and Watchman FLX device
Authors: Korsholm Kasper , Kramer Anders , Andersen Asger , Saw Jacqueline , Nørgaard Bjarne Linde , Jensen Jesper Møller , Nielsen-Kudsk Jens Erik 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
The left atrial appendage (LAA) sealing properties of the Amplatzer Amulet and Watchman FLX devices were compared using cardiac computed tomography (CT) follow-up.

Methods
Single-center cohort study of patients undergoing LAAO between 2017 and 2020. Two consecutive cohorts were enrolled, one treated with the Amplatzer Amulet (n = 150) up till 2019, and a second cohort treated with the Watchman FLX (n = 150) device from 2019. Cardiac CT was performed 2 months postprocedure. The primary outcome was complete LAA occlusion defined as no visible peri-device leak (PDL) and absence of contrast patency in the distal LAA. Secondary outcomes included PDL, contrast patency without visible PDL, PDL area, and periprocedural complications.

Results
Complete occlusion was achieved in 39 (30.5%) of the Amulet group, compared to 89 (71.8%) of the FLX group, p < 0.001. A PDL at the Amulet disc was present in 65 (50.8%), at the lobe in 16 (12.5%), and at both the disc and lobe in 13 (10.2%). For FLX, a PDL was present in 20 (16.1%). Contrast patency without visible PDL was observed in 24 (18.8%) and 15 (12.1%) of the Amulet and FLX group, respectively. The PDL area at the Amulet mid-lobe was 92 mm2 (59–158) and 32 mm2 (IQR 28–96) for FLX, p = 0.019. Device-related thrombosis occurred in 1 (0.7%) and 2 (1.3%), respectively (p = 0.99), with periprocedural adverse events occurring in 6 (4%) and 8 (5.3%) of the Amulet and FLX group (p = 0.79).

Conclusion
Complete LAA occlusion was achieved in a significantly higher proportion treated with the Watchman FLX compared to the Amulet device. PDL was smaller with the FLX than the Amulet. Conceptual device design differences make interpretation of results complex, and additional studies with clinical outcomes are needed.
High-elevation landforms limit the movement of invasive small mammal species
Authors: Foster Nicholas J. , Maloney Richard F. , Seddon Philip J. , Rodríguez-Recio Mariano , van Heezik Yolanda 
Published: August 2022

AbstractContextLarge-scale programs for eradication of pest mammals are confronted with the challenge of managing reinvasion. Exploiting high-elevation landscape features that naturally limit the rate of reinvasion is a strategy that is presumed to improve the success of such initiatives, however, the efficacy of doing so has not yet been investigated.ObjectivesWe aimed to assess whether high-elevation landforms limit the movements of 10 species of invasive small mammal in New Zealand to such a degree that they could be exploited in landscape-scale eradication programmes.MethodsWe determined the upper elevation limits of species’ distributions, and made spatial predictions based on occupancy models. We applied these in concert to a 310,000 ha area of rugged mountainous environments and identified landforms that function as dispersal barriers to each species of interest. We validated our predictions with existing presence/absence and GPS movement data, and tested our predictions of high-elevation landform barriers with the GPS movement data of a sample of European hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus).ResultsWe found that the extent of barriers which limited movement ranged from widespread (5/10 species), to localised, (3/10 species) to limited (2/10 species). Our predictions of hedgehog movement barriers were strongly supported by GPS movement data of 26 hedgehogs that were tracked in the study area.ConclusionsOur findings show there is enormous potential to advance landscape-scale eradication of invasive small mammals in areas adjacent to high-elevation landforms by identifying and exploiting landscape features that limit the movement of target species in the strategies of eradication programmes.
HC-1119, a deuterated Enzalutamide, inhibits Migration, Invasion and Metastasis of the AR-positive triple-negative breast Cancer cells
Authors: Wu Xuehong , Feng Wanru , Yang Mao , Liu Xunxi , Gao Mengdi , Li Xinghai , Gan Lin , He Tao 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTriple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs) are aggressive, and they develop metastasis at earlier stages, relapse more frequently, and exhibits poorer prognosis than other subtypes of breast cancer. Due to the lack of estrogen receptor for endocrine therapy and HER2 for targeted therapy, new targeted therapies for TNBCs are urgently needed. Enzalutamide is a second-generation androgen receptor (AR) inhibitor, and HC-1119 is a new synthetic deuterated enzalutamide. Owing to the isotope effect, HC-1119 has many advantages over enzalutamide, including slow metabolism, high plasma concentration and low brain exposure. However, the efficacy of HC-1119 in inhibition of AR function in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has not been studied. In this study, we found high-level AR expression in both Hs578T and SUM159PT TNBC cell lines. Activation of AR by dihydrotestosterone (DHT) in both cell lines increased AR protein, induced AR-nuclear localization, enhanced cell migration and invasion in culture, and promoted liver metastasis in mice. Importantly, cotreatment with HC-1119 of these cells efficiently abolished all of these effects of DHT on both Hs578T and SUM159PT cells. These results indicate that HC-1119 is a very effective new second-generation AR antagonist that can inhibit the migration, invasion and metastasis of the AR-positive TNBC cells.
A virtual reality classroom to teach and explore crystal solid state structures
Authors: Stella Erica , Agosti Isabella , Di Blas Nicoletta , Finazzi Marco , Lanzi Pier Luca , Loiacono Daniele 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe present an educational application of virtual reality that we created to help students gain an in-depth understanding of the internal structure of crystals and related key concepts. Teachers can use it to give lectures to small groups (10-15) of students in a shared virtual environment, both remotely (with teacher and students in different locations) and locally (while sharing the same physical space). Lectures can be recorded, stored in an online repository, and shared with students who can either review a recorded lecture in the same virtual environment or can use the application for self-studying by exploring a large collection of available crystal structures. We validated our application with human subjects receiving positive feedback.
Open texture, rigor, and proof
Authors: Zayton Benjamin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractOpen texture is a kind of semantic indeterminacy first systematically studied by Waismann. In this paper, extant definitions of open texture will be compared and contrasted, with a view towards the consequences of open-textured concepts in mathematics. It has been suggested that these would threaten the traditional virtues of proof, primarily the certainty bestowed by proof-possession, and this suggestion will be critically investigated using recent work on informal proof. It will be argued that informal proofs have virtues that mitigate the danger posed by open texture. Moreover, it will be argued that while rigor in the guise of formalisation and axiomatisation might banish open texture from mathematical theories through implicit definition, it can do so only at the cost of restricting the tamed concepts in certain ways.
Co-expression of candidate genes regulating growth performance and carcass traits of Barki lambs in Egypt
Authors: Ghanem Nasser , Zayed Mohamed , Mohamed Ismail , Mohammady Mona , Shehata M. F. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSheep are considered one of the main sources of animal protein in Egypt and the producers of sheep mutton eagers to find biological criteria for selecting fast-growing lambs that reach market weight early. Therefore, the present study aimed to find a link between the expression profile of selected candidate genes with growth performance and carcass traits of Barki lambs. Thirty-eight Barki lambs were kept and fed individually after weaning till 12 months of age and were divided into 3 groups according to growth performance (fast, intermediate, and slow-growing). Three samples were taken from different body tissues (eye muscle, liver, and fat tail) of each group, directly during slaughtering and stored at − 80 °C until RNA isolation. Real-time PCR was used to profile selected candidate genes (RPL7, CTP1, FABP4, ADIPOQ, and CAPN3) and GAPDH was used as a housekeeping gene. The results indicated that the final body weight was significantly (P ≤ 0.05) greater in the fast (49.9 kg) and intermediate (40.7 kg) compared to slow-growing animals (30.8 kg). The hot carcass weight was heavier (P ≤ 0.05) in the fast and intermediate-growing (24.57 and 19.07 kg) than slow-growing lambs (15.10 kg). The blood profiles of T3 and T4 hormones in addition to other parameters such as total protein, total lipids, and calcium level showed no clear variations among different experimental groups. At the molecular level, our data demonstrated upregulation of genes involved in protein biosynthesis (RPL7), fatty acid oxidation (CPT1), and lipolysis (FABP4) in the fast and intermediate-growing lambs in all studied tissues which facilitate protein accretion, energy expenditure, and fatty acid partitioning required for muscle building up. Moreover, the expression profile of the gene involved in muscle development (CAPN3) was increased in fast and intermediate-growing compared to slow-growing lambs in order to support muscle proper development. On the other hand, a candidate gene involved in lipogenesis (ADIPOQ) was expressed similarly in fat and liver tissues; however, its expression was increased in muscles of fast and intermediate-growing lambs compared to slow-growing animals. In conclusion, the current study indicated that the expression profile of genes involved in metabolic activities of liver, muscle, and adipose tissue is linked with the growth performance of lambs although no variations were detected in blood parameters. This provides an evidence for the importance of co-expression of these genes in body tissues to determine the final body weight and carcass characteristics of Barki sheep.
Pyrenochaeta fraxinina as colonizer of ash and sycamore petioles, its morphology, ecology, and phylogenetic connections
Authors: Bilański P. , Grad B. , Kowalski T. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPyrenochaeta fraxininawas first described in 1913 from the state of New York (USA) on petioles ofFraxinussp. Since then, the species has not been reported from North America and reports from the other regions of the world are very sparse. The results of this study onP.fraxininaare based on the material collected in various regions of Poland from 2012 to 2019. The material comprised 2700 previous year’s leaf petioles ofFraxinus excelsiorand 1970 petioles or leaf residues of eight other deciduous tree species. As a result, the occurrence of pycnidial conidiomata ofP.fraxininawas confirmed onF.excelsior(3.4% of petioles),F.mandshurica(1.5%),F.pennsylvanica(3.2%), andAcer pseudoplatanus(2.0%). The morphology of the microstructures was described based on the fresh material and compared with the holotype ofP.fraxinina. The optimal temperature for the growth of the fungus in vitro was estimated as 20 °C. The analyses based on ITS-LSU rDNA sequences and a protein coding sequence ofTUB2andRPB2genes showed thatP.fraxininaisolates form a well-supported clade in the phylogenetic trees. The species proved to be closely related toNematostoma parasiticum(asexual morphPyrenochaeta parasitica), a species occurring onAbies albain connection with needle browning disease. Interactions betweenP.fraxininaand the ash dieback pathogen,Hymenoscyphus fraxineus, were analyzed in vivo on ash petioles and in vitro in dual cultures. Among 93 petioles ofF.excelsior, for whichP.fraxininaconidiomata were detected, 26 were also colonized byH.fraxineus. Mostly, these two fungi occurred separately, colonizing different sections of a petiole. For all dual cultures, both fungi,P.fraxininaandH.fraxineus, showed growth inhibition toward the counterpartner. The role ofP.fraxininaas a saprotrophic competitor towardH.fraxineusin ash petioles is discussed.
A comparison of parameter choice rules for $$\ell ^p$$-$$\ell ^q$$ minimization
Authors: Buccini Alessandro , Pragliola Monica , Reichel Lothar , Sgallari Fiorella 
Published: August 2022

AbstractImages that have been contaminated by various kinds of blur and noise can be restored by the minimization of an$$\ell ^p$$ℓp-$$\ell ^q$$ℓqfunctional. The quality of the reconstruction depends on the choice of a regularization parameter. Several approaches to determine this parameter have been described in the literature. This work presents a numerical comparison of known approaches as well as of a new one.
Benchmarking Computational Shell Models
Authors: Krysl Petr , Chen Jiun-Shyan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe practice of verification of shell finite element formulations is discussed from a variety of viewpoints: The provenance of benchmark target values, the suitability of benchmark problems for different classes of shell models, the importance of reporting limit values, and the completeness of the benchmark sets are critically examined. A set of benchmark problems that are most suitable across common shell finite element models is identified.
Homicide and Criminal Maturity of Juvenile Offenders: A Critical Review
Authors: Welner Michael , DeLisi Matthew , Knous-Westfall Heather M. , Meltzer Carolyn C. , Seward James D. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn 2012, the United States Supreme Court struck down existing legislative statutes mandating life without parole sentencing of convicted homicide offenders under age 18. The Court’s core rationale credited research on brain development that concludes that juveniles are biologically less capable of complex decision-making and impulse control, driven by external influences, and more likely to change. Closer scrutiny of the research cited in the defendants’ amicus brief; however, reveals it to be inherently flawed because it did not include relevant populations, such as violent offenders; utilized hypothetical scenarios or games to approximate decision-making; ignored research on recidivism risk; made untenable leaps in their interpretation of relevance to the study of homicide, and failed to include contradictory evidence, even from the brief’s authors. In forensic assessment, a blanket assumption of immaturity based on a homicide offender’s age is not appropriate, as research has demonstrated that in relevant respects, older adolescents can be just as mature as adults. An individualized and thorough assessment of each juvenile offender, including an analysis of personal history, behavioral evidence such as pre, during, and post crime behavior, and testing data more accurately inform questions of immaturity and prognosis in juvenile violent offenders.
Out of New Guinea? Two new species of Zygogynum (Winteraceae) extend the genus west of Lydekker’s and Wallace’s Lines
Authors: Utteridge Timothy M. A. , Rustiami Himmah 
Published: August 2022

SummaryThe Winteraceae comprise 100 – 130 species in five to nine genera. The genus Zygogynum is currently thought to have a Papuasian-Pacific distribution and is only known from the western Pacific islands (New Caledonia, Vanuatu and the Solomon Islands), Australia and New Guinea, including the far western Bird’s Head Peninsula, but is not yet recorded from islands to the west of the Sahul Plate and the biogeographic boundary of Lydekker’s Line. Here, two new species of Zygogynum are described from west of both Wallace’s and Lydekker’s Lines. Zygogynum moluccanum is described from the Moluccan islands of Indonesia, and Z. sundaicum, a new species and generic record for the Sunda shelf, is described from the northern part of the Malaysian State of Sarawak in Borneo. In addition to descriptions and illustrations of the new species, the generic delimitation, fossil record and potential dispersal agents of Zygogynum are discussed.