bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The convulsive syndrome in the structure of alcohol withdrawal syndrome with delirium
Authors: Kuzminov V. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionWithdrawal states with delirium, having convulsive syndrome in their structure, are one of the most severe emergency conditions in psychiatry.ObjectivesA total of 160 patients were examined with delirium alcohol withdrawal. Prognostic factors of occurrence of convulsive syndrome in the withdrawal syndrome of alcohol were studied.MethodsClinical, psychopathological, electrophysiological.ResultsIt was found that the most significant prognostic factors seizures were: severe bloating condition, the duration of hard drinking, the total dose of drinking alcohol before the breakdown of consumption alcohol. Convulsive syndrome not always correlated with marked vegetative disorders in the state of withdrawal of alcohol. Convulsive syndrome that appeared after the development of delirious syndrome often indicated a more serious conditionIt is suggested that the convulsive pattern of response to the severe condition of alcohol withdrawal is formed in some young patients under the influence of endogenous factors, but is realized under certain situational conditions - long binge drinking, massive consumption o alcohol before the break of the reception of alcohol, the use of psychoactive drugs with stimulating effect. In the electrophysiological examination, there were significant differences in the group of patients with convulsive syndrome in the current admission from the group of patients with convulsive syndrome in the past and the group without convulsive syndrome in the state of abolition of alcohol.ConclusionsIt is emphasized that when indicating the seizures in the state of abolition of alcohol in the past, the beginning of treatment is necessary to begin even in a state of binge drinking.
Service user perspectives on coercion in mental health
Authors: Nomidou A. 
Published: February 2022

GAMIAN-Europe is a patient-driven pan-European organisation, representing and advocating for the interests and rights of persons with psychosocial disabilities.While recovery is a deeply personal journey it is also a product of interaction facilitated or impeded through the dynamic interplay of many forces, such as among characteristics of the individual, of the environment and of the exchange. To move recovery forward, recovery-oriented systems in recovery-facilitating environments are needed. Mental health professionals can either facilitate or hinder this journey. Service users and families want to feel they are more than their medical concerns, more than ‘the suicidal’ in room five. Respecting individuals and their human rights, active and engaged listening, including patients in their own healing plan, promoting wellness and engaging with compassion build trust between patients and health care professionals, leading to willingness to follow through with care plans. At the same time, by creating emotional connections and environments, not only can frequent burnouts be prevented, but productivity can be increased.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Community mental healthcare in lebanon
Authors: Charara R. , El-Khoury J. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionLebanon is a medium-income country in the Eastern Mediterranean which has seen a surge in interest in mental health following years of stagnation. The mental health needs of the country for severe psychiatric disorders are underserved.ObjectivesThe aim of our study is to describe community mental healthcare services in Lebanon and to address local opportunities and challenges.MethodsA review of the literature using local resources along with expert opinion was undertaken to synthesize the evidence.ResultsPolitical instability, chronic underfunding and widespread stigma have contributed to maintaining a traditional model of private clinics affiliated with inpatient and long-stay psychiatric units. A number of initiatives have been launched to cater for patients with psychotic disorders and to offer partial hospitalization for others with mood-related conditions. In parallel, the Ministry of Public Health, with international funding, has been instrumental in efforts to standardize care at a national level, particularly for early detection and treatment in primary care. The priorities of the national mental health programme are consistent with the global trend in shifting services to the community. Hurdles remain, in line with those facing countries with similar socio-demographics and resources. These include limited third-party coverage of mental health, absence of training opportunities in multidisciplinary community settings and some clinicians’ reluctance to update their ways of working.ConclusionsDevelopment of a local workforce dedicated to providing a patient-centred approach in the least restrictive settings, is essential for consolidating community care in Lebanon. This would be reinforced by (overdue) legislation and implementation of a mental health law.
Do we really listen?
Authors: Vázquez P. García , Martinez R. Gomez 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionThe improvement perceived by the patients is a subjective measure of the psychic state, while the clinical evaluation corresponds to an objective evaluation of the psychopathological improvement performed by a psychiatrist. It is therefore relevant to evaluate whether these parameters evolve in a common way after patients have undergone an intervention in Day Hospital focusing on first psychotic episodes.ObjectivesStudy the relationship between subjective improvement and clinical evaluation.MethodsThis is a prospective study, which includes consecutive patients admitted to the Day Hospital during 2018. Their objective clinical improvement was assessed by means of the PANSS and GAF scales at admission and discharge. Subjective clinical improvement was assessed using an anonymous Likert scale with a score between 1 and 7. Sociodemographic data and other satisfaction parameters were also collected. A statistical analysis was performed using Pearson’s correlation.ResultsA total of 73 patients were included. The perception of improvement on the part of the patients is very high presenting average values close to the maximum in almost all the evaluated items. The correlation between subjective improvement and PANSS variation presented a Pearson value 0.008; p = .957 and with the GAF variation presented a Pearson correlation of -0.066; p = .578 which indicates that there is no significant correlation between the variables.Diagnostic groupsFrequencyPercentageDrugs11,4Psychosis3750.7Affective2128.8Neurosis1013.7Personality34.1Total72ConclusionsClinical evaluation and subjective perception of improvement are independent parameters.
Gender matters
Authors: Vázquez P. García , Martinez R. Gomez 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionRecently, the seasonal pattern of bipolar disorder has been accepted, with the clinical, diagnostic, treatment and prognostic consequences that this entails. It is interesting to study its epidemiological characteristics, such as the influence of gender on this pattern.ObjectivesTo study the influence of gender in the Seasonal Pattern of Bipolar Disorder.MethodsA systematic review was carried out by means of a bibliographic search in Ovid MEDLINE of articles published in the last ten years (2010-2020), using the following keywords: bipolar disorder, seasonal pattern and gender: Those studies carried out in patients who presented a seasonal pattern were selected, and the influence of gender on this was studied.ResultsThe initial search showed a total of 92 articles, of which 7 met the inclusion criteria. It was found that, indeed, gender influences both the clinical characteristics and the course, management and prognosis of the seasonality of bipolar disorder.ConclusionsThe diagnosis of the Seasonal Pattern in Bipolar Disorder continues to be an important challenge. Women more frequently present PE, associated with manic, depressive or mixed episodes, while men in depressive episodes. Men are more frequently associated with Bipolar Disorder type II and depressive episodes, and women with rapid cycling and eating disorders. Male manic episodes are associated with psychotic symptoms, and with greater severity in admissions. Women have a higher risk of Seasonal Pattern than men, with the clinical and prognostic repercussions that this entails.
Adverse childhood experiences, family relationship and generalized anxiety in the youth population in Hong Kong
Authors: Tang W.C. , Wong C.S. , Chang W. , Hui C.L. , Chan S.K. , Lee E.H. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionAdverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are shown to be risk factors for developing anxiety later in life. However, one’s family relationship acts as a protective factor between ACEs and anxiety.ObjectivesThe present study examines the interaction between ACEs and family relationship and their effect on generalized anxiety (GA) amongst the youth population in Hong Kong.MethodsParticipants aged 15-24 were recruited from a population-based epidemiological study in Hong Kong. GA in the past two weeks was assessed using GAD-7, while ACEs were measured using the childhood section of Composite International Diagnostic Interview screening scales (CIDI-SC), encompassing parental psychopathology, physical, emotional, sexual abuse, and neglect before age 17. Family relationship was measured by the Brief Family Relationship Scale (BFRS). Linear regression and a two-way ANCOVA were conducted to examine the association between ACEs, family relationship and GA, while adjusted for age and gender.Results633 (70.7%) out of 895 participants had any ACEs. ACEs significantly predicted GAD-7 scores (Β=1.272, t(891)=4.115, p<.001). Two-way ANCOVA reported a significant interaction effect of ACEs and family relationship on GA (F(1, 889)=4.398, p=.036), namely those who had any ACEs and poorer family relationship scored higher in GAD-7 (p<.001), whereas there was no difference in family relationship for those without ACEs on GA (p=.501).ConclusionsACEs increases the vulnerability to GA later in life. However, its effect on anxiety decreases when one has a better family relationship. This suggests a possible moderating role of family relationship in developing GA among younger people.
Workplace violence in a 20 year follow-up study of norwegian physicians: The roles of gender, personality and stage of career
Authors: Nøland S. , Taipale H. , Mahmood J. , Tyssen R. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionWorkplace violence (WPV) is a worldwide health problem with major individual and societal consequences. Previously identified predictors of WPV include working in psychiatry and work stress.ObjectivesTo investigate WPV trends during Norwegian doctors’ careers and assess individual long-term predictors in a longitudinal study.MethodsTwo nationwide medical student cohorts (n=1052) who graduated 6 years apart were surveyed at graduation (T1, 1993/94 and 1999) and 4 (T2), 10 (T3), 15 (T4) and 20 (T5) years after graduation (Figure 1). WPV was measured as multiple threats or acts of violence experienced at least twice. Individual predictors were obtained at T1 and work-related factors at T2–T5. WPV was analysed using repeated measures (Generalized Estimating Equations).ResultsThe prevalence of multiple threats and acts of violence declined at T2–T5 (p<0.001). Adjusted predictors of threats were male gender (odds ratio, OR 2.76, [95% confidence interval] 1.73–4.40; p<0.001), vulnerability traits (OR 0.90, [0.82–0.99]; p=0.031), older cohort (OR 1.63,[1.04–2.58], p=0.035) and working in psychiatry (OR 7.50, [4.42–12.71]; p<0.001). Adjusted predictors of acts were male gender (OR 3.37, [1.45–7.84]; p=0.005), older cohort (OR 6.08, [1.68–21.97]; p=0.006) and working in psychiatry (OR 12.34, [5.40–28.23]; p<0.001).ConclusionsHigher rates of multiple threats and acts of violence were observed during early medical careers, with men at higher risk. Low levels of vulnerability traits (neuroticism) predicted independently the experience of violent threats. A cohort effect indicated a reduction in WPV (both threats and acts) in the younger cohort.
Medical assessement of 3 years of activities in mahdia’s psychiatric department
Authors: Kacem M. , Khouaja M. , Aoun M.H. , Zarrouk L. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionThe field of psychiatry extends from diagnosis to treatment, including prevention and various cognitive behavioral and emotional disorders.ObjectivesTo study the activity of Mahdia’s psychiatric department in order to improve its outcomes.MethodsThis study was retrospective based on reporting data of the inpatients during 3 years (2016-2018) and then analyzing them.ResultsThis study involved 395 patients with an average age 36.6 years. The sex ratio M/F was 1.58. The prevalence of the disorders was more marked with the low socio-economic level, school failure and unemployment. 37% had a family psychiatry history and schizophrenia was the most common. 75.5% had a personal psychiatric history and 16.8% had a history of suicide attempt. Schizophrenia (28%), Bipolar Disorder (22.1%) and Depression (14.7%) were the main conditions. The majority 79.2% had irregular medical follow-up, 44% had poor therapeutic adherence. The majority 86.6% were hospitalized without consent. The most common reason was aggression and the average length of stay was 19.47 days. The mean duration of parenteral therapy was 4.38 days. Electro-convulsive therapy was indicated for only 16 patients. Typical antipsychotics were the most prescribed 37.4%. The exit treatment was monotherapy in 14.3% and polytherapy in 83.4%. The exit destination was home in 98% and the obligation follow-up was only indicated in 2.8% (11patients).ConclusionsThis study is at the heart of psychiatric news with many questions around these coercive practices at legal and ethical level, particularly respect for freedom, legitimacy of these measures, patients’ safety and the quality of the treatments.
Antipsychotic medication and the elderly
Authors: Jardak D. , Omri S. , Feki R. , Smaoui N. , Thabet J. Ben , Zouari L. , Charfi N. , Bouali M. Maalej , Maalej M. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionIn recent years, the use of antipsychotics (AP) has been widely debated for reasons concerning their efficacy and safety in the elderly.ObjectivesWe aimed to assess the prescription of AP in the elderly subjects.MethodsWe led a retrospective and descriptive study. We extracted all patients aged 65 years or older who consulted the psychiatric outpatient unit at the Hedi Chaker hospital in Sfax –Tunisia between January 1 and December 31 2019 and who were treated with AP. General, clinical and therapeutic data were collected from medical records.ResultsThe mean age of patients was 71,7 years. Medical conditions were observed in 53,1% of them. The reasons for consultation were behavioral disturbances (34,4%), insomnia (18,8%) and memory impairment (15,6%). The main retained diagnoses were dementia (40,6%), mood disorders (28,1%), delusional disorder (15,6%). The indications for prescribing antipsychotics were disruptive behavior (59,4%) and delirium/hallucinations (34,4%). Laboratory examinations and electrocardiogram were performed respectively in 46,8% and 15,6% of cases. AP treatment was prescribed in 90,6% of cases right from the first consultation. Atypical AP were prescribed in 56,2% of cases. Adverse effects were noted in 18,7% of patients. The average time to get a response was 7.3 weeksConclusionsThe use of AP in the elderly requires an individual assessment, case by case; particular caution is recommended.Conflict of interestNo significant relationships.
The position of the polish bishops’ conference on LGBT+ – philosophical, theological, clinical and political aspects
Authors: Kosmowski W. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionPracticing medicine cannot disregard cultural conditions. Philosophy and religion are elements of culture. For several years in Poland, various circles have discussed the extensive LGBT issues. A document of Polish Bishops on this subject appeared on 28.08.2020. In 2018, 91.8% of people over 16 years old in Poland declared affiliation to the Roman Catholic Church (Statistics Poland 2020).ObjectivesThe aim of the study is to present different perspectives of effects of that publication, including ethical evaluation and references to clinical practice.MethodsStatements of protagonists and antagonists of this document in Polish were analyzed. Collected arguments were divided into types: philosophical – by philosophy branches (e.g. ethics, philosophical anthropology), theological and clinical.ResultsAs of 29.09.2020 – 85,200 results in the Google Search after typing (in Polish) “Polish Episcopal Conference LGBT”. The use of philosophical arguments by both parties results from the adaptation of different systems, e.g. regarding philosophical anthropology, some assume the immutability of human nature, others – its variability and susceptibility to shaping, e.g. human sexuality. Some emphasize the importance of non-discrimination, while others indicate the need to consider human essence in determining directions of actions.ConclusionsProfessionals should help everyone, regardless of conditions, in accordance with conscience and contemporary medical knowledge [Polish Code of Medical Ethics]. They should try to understand patients and the context of symptoms. Familiarizing oneself with arguments of both sides helps in this. But polemical language makes dialogue difficult. What for one is a “venerable tradition”, for another is a “stereotype” or “discrimination”.
Perception of otherness - the role of personality and demographic variables
Authors: Preiss M. , Doubková N. , Jonáš J. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionThe idea that personality can influence our perception of ‘otherness’ is widely accepted within the literature of social sciences. Undoubtedly, the principle of dehumanization played an important role in genocides during the 20th and 21st centuries. In totalitarian or post-totalitarian regimes ‘otherness’ may present a challenge to the absolute power. Recent studies showed that negative attitudes toward ‘otherness’ – also known as xenophobia – are on a rise in the Czech Republic.A deeper analysis of the personality in relation with perception of otherness is still missing.ObjectivesThe presentation analyse the personality variables associated with the perception of otherness and compare the differences between various age groups, genders, individuals with different levels of education, and above all, the differences between various groups. Several contrast groups are compared - general population, high neuroticism sample, personality disorder sample, xenophobic and xenophilic sample.MethodsBogardus Scale of Social Distance as a measure of perception of otherness is compared with in-depth analysis of personality functioning (Semi-Structured Interview for Personality Functioning DSM–5, STiP-5.1).ResultsWe analyze the results of five samples with respect to demographic variables, variables of personality functioning and try to point out the relationship between more attitudes and underlying personality functioning. The importance of some demographic variables (as age) and connections between personality functioning (Self and Interpersonal) and social distance is emphasized and discussed.ConclusionsThe project help us to understand perception of otherness in light of demographic and relative power of personality factors.
A Scalable Quality Assurance Process for Curating Oncology Electronic Health Records: The Project GENIE Biopharma Collaborative Approach
Authors: Lavery Jessica A. , Lepisto Eva M. , Brown Samantha , Rizvi Hira , McCarthy Caroline , LeNoue-Newton Michele , Yu Celeste , Lee Jasme , Guo Xindi , Yu Thomas , Rudolph Julia , Sweeney Shawn ,   AACR Project GENIE Consortium, Park Ben Ho , Warner Jeremy L. , Bedard Philippe L. , Riely Gregory , Schrag Deborah , Panageas Katherine S. 
Published: February 2022

PURPOSE The American Association for Cancer Research Project Genomics Evidence Neoplasia Information Exchange Biopharma Collaborative is a multi-institution effort to build a pan-cancer repository of genomic and clinical data curated from the electronic health record. For the research community to be confident that data extracted from electronic health record text are reliable, transparency of the approach used to ensure data quality is essential. MATERIALS AND METHODS Four institutions participating in AACR's Project GENIE created an observational cohort of patients with cancer for whom tumor molecular profiling data, therapeutic exposures, and treatment outcomes are available and will be shared publicly with the research community. A comprehensive approach to quality assurance included assessments of (1) feasibility of the curation model through pressure test cases; (2) accuracy through programmatic queries and comparison with source data; and (3) reproducibility via double curation and code review. RESULTS Assessments of feasibility resulted in critical modifications to the curation directives. Queries and comparison with source data identified errors that were rectified via data correction and curator retraining. Assessment of intercurator reliability indicated a reliable curation model. CONCLUSION The transparent quality assurance processes for the GENIE BPC data ensure that the data can be used for analyses that support clinical decision making and advances in precision oncology.
Noncovalent Modification Strategy with Achiral Phosphoric Acid Diesters for Designing a Chiral Brønsted Base Organocatalyst
Authors: Hara Momoko , Ogawa Aya , Minagawa Keiji , Imada Yasushi , Arakawa Yukihiro 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
A strategy for designing chiral Brønsted base organocatalysts through noncovalent modification of a chiral dibasic molecule with an achiral phosphoric acid diester is introduced for the first time. Such a molecular modification concept utilizing acid-base interactions may facilitate the on-demand design of asymmetric organocatalysts, as preliminarily demonstrated in this work.
Regenerated polymer optical fiber Bragg gratings with thermal treatment for high temperature measurements
Authors: Gunawardena Dinusha Serandi , Cheng Xin , Cui Jingxian , Edbert Geraldi , Lu Linyue , Ho Yuk Ting , Tam Hwa-Yaw 
Published: February 2022

We report for the first time, to the best of our knowledge, regenerated polymer optical fiber Bragg gratings (RPOFBGs) in ZEONEX-based polymer optical fibers (POFs). The regeneration temperature can be adjusted using a heat treatment process on the POF before FBG inscription, enabling a scalable improvement of the thermal stability of the RPOFBGs. Thermal sustainability of the RPOFBGs at high temperature conditions was investigated for their prolonged use in diverse environments. Furthermore, these RPOFBGs can withstand strain levels up to 2.8% while maintaining a good linearity, even at temperature of 110°C. The RPOFBGs are capable of short-term operation at elevated temperatures of up to 132°C, which is the standard temperature for steam sterilization with at least a 4 min exposure period. The distinction in the morphologies of the two grades of ZEONEX (E48R and 480R, ZEON Corp.) used to fabricate the optical fiber together with the characteristics of UV irradiated and regenerated gratings is explained using micro-Raman spectroscopy. Collectively, these findings provide new heights for long-term operation of POF Bragg gratings (POFBGs) at elevated temperature environments and would be applicable to a wide range of disciplines.