bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Silica Particle‐Mediated Growth of Single Crystal Graphene Ribbons on Cu(111) Foil
Authors: Li Yunqing , Choe Myeonggi , Jin Sunghwan , Luo Da , Bakharev Pavel V. , Seong Won Kyung , Ding Feng , Lee Zonghoon , Ruoff Rodney S. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe authors report the growth of micrometer‐long single‐crystal graphene ribbons (GRs) (tapered when grown above 900 °C, but uniform width when grown in the range 850 °C to 900 °C) using silica particle seeds on single crystal Cu(111) foil. Tapered graphene ribbons grow strictly along the Cu<101> direction on Cu(111) and polycrystalline copper (Cu) foils. Silica particles on both Cu foils form (semi‐)molten Cu–Si–O droplets at growth temperatures, then catalyze nucleation and drive the longitudinal growth of graphene ribbons. Longitudinal growth is likely by a vapor–liquid–solid (VLS) mechanism but edge growth (above 900 °C) is due to catalytic activation of ethylene (C2H4) and attachment of C atoms or species (“vapor solid” or VS growth) at the edges. It is found, based on the taper angle of the graphene ribbon, that the taper angle is determined by the growth temperature and the growth rates are independent of the particle size. The activation enthalpy (1.73 ± 0.03 eV) for longitudinal ribbon growth on Cu(111) from ethylene is lower than that for VS growth at the edges of the GRs (2.78 ± 0.15 eV) and for graphene island growth (2.85 ± 0.07 eV) that occurs concurrently.
A review of normalization and differential abundance methods for microbiome counts data
Authors: Swift Dionne , Cresswell Kellen , Johnson Robert , Stilianoudakis Spiro , Wei Xingtao 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe recent development of cost‐effective high‐throughput DNA sequencing technologies has tremendously increased microbiome research. However, it has been well documented that the observed microbiome data suffers from compositionality, sparsity, and high variability. All of which pose serious challenges when analyzing microbiome data. Over the last decade, there has been considerable amount of interest into statistical and computational methods to tackle these challenges. The choice of inference aids in the selection of the appropriate statistical methods since only a few methods allow inferences for absolute abundance while most methods allow inferences for relative abundances. An overview of recent methods for differential abundance analysis and normalization of microbiome data is presented, focusing on methods that are accessible but have not been widely covered in previous literature. In detailed descriptions of each method, we discuss assumptions and if and how these methods address the challenges of microbiome data. These methods are compared based on accuracy metrics in real and simulated settings. The goal is to provide a comprehensive but non‐exhaustive set of potential and easily‐accessible tools for differential abundance and normalization of microbiome data.This article is categorized under:
Statistical Models > Generalized Linear Models
Software for Computational Statistics > Software/Statistical Software
Statistical Learning and Exploratory Methods of the Data Sciences > Modeling Methods
Recursive movements of eastern wild turkey broods in the southeastern United States
Authors: Bakner Nicholas W. , Cohen Bradley S. , Collier Bret A. , Chamberlain Michael J. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractProductivity of wild turkey (Meleagris gallopavo) populations throughout the southeastern United States has declined over the past several decades. Although population trajectory is driven primarily by annual reproduction, wild turkey managers have little information regarding the behavioral ecology of broods immediately post‐hatch. Broods are known to revisit areas within their ranges, but revisitation behavior is poorly understood spatially and temporally. Thus, identifying patterns of visitation and revisitation can increase understanding of brood behavior. We monitored 94 brooding females until brood failure or 28 days after hatch to evaluate movements and to quantify landcover and vegetation density at revisited locations which we defined as a 100‐m radius circular buffer around each GPS location. Average time between revisitation was 1.05 days (SD = 2.01). Revisited areas were associated with increased proportions of open treeless, pine (Pinus spp.), and pine‐hardwood landcover types and decreased proportions of hardwood forest landcover. Our results indicate that broods frequently revisit areas, presumably due to understory structure that increases available forage and reduces predation risk. However, future research should evaluate recursion and its relationship to habitat selection as it could be driven by development (i.e., aging) of the brood over time.
Haptic Discrimination of Different Types of Soft Materials
Authors: Cavdan Müge , Doerschner Katja , Drewing Knut 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWe interact with different types of soft materials on a daily basis such as salt, hand cream, etc. Recently we have shown that soft materials can be described using four perceptual dimensions which are deformability, granularity, viscosity, and surface softness [1]. Here, we investigated whether humans can actually perceive systematic differences in materials that selectively vary along one of these four dimensions as well as how judgments on the different dimensions are correlated to softness judgments. We selected at least two material classes per dimension (e.g., hair gel and hand cream for viscosity) and varied the corresponding feature (e.g., the viscosity of hair gel). Participants ordered four to ten materials from each material class according to their corresponding main feature, and in addition, according to their softness. Rank orders of materials according to the main feature were consistent across participants and repetitions. Rank orders according to softness were correlated either positively or negatively with the judgments along the associated four perceptual dimensions. These findings support our notion of multiple softness dimensions and demonstrate that people can reliably discriminate materials which are artificially varied along each of these softness dimensions.
A Multi-modal Haptic Armband for Finger-Level Sensory Feedback from a Prosthetic Hand
Authors: Berkovic Alexandre , Laganier Colin , Chappell Digby , Nanayakkara Thrishantha , Kormushev Petar , Bello Fernando , Rojas Nicolas 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis paper presents the implementation and evaluation of three specific, yet complementary, mechanisms of haptic feedback—namely, normal displacement, tangential position, and vibration—to render, at a finger-level, aspects of touch and proprioception from a prosthetic hand without specialised sensors. This feedback is executed by an armband worn around the upper arm divided into five somatotopic modules, one per each finger. To evaluate the system, just-noticeable difference experiments for normal displacement and tangential position were carried out, validating that users are most sensitive to feedback from modules located on glabrous (hairless) skin regions of the upper arm. Moreover, users identifying finger-level contact using multi-modal feedback of vibration followed by normal displacement performed significantly better than those using vibration feedback alone, particularly when reporting exact combinations of fingers. Finally, the point of subjective equality of tangential position feedback was measured simultaneously for all modules, which showed promising results, but indicated that further development is required to achieve full finger-level position rendering.
Larger Skin-Surface Contact Through a Fingertip Wearable Improves Roughness Perception
Authors: Gueorguiev David , Javot Bernard , Spiers Adam , Kuchenbecker Katherine J. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWith the aim of creating wearable haptic interfaces that allow the performance of everyday tasks, we explore how differently designed fingertip wearables change the sensory threshold for tactile roughness perception. Study participants performed the same two-alternative forced-choice roughness task with a bare finger and wearing three flexible fingertip covers: two with a square opening (64 and 36 mm$$^2$$

2

, respectively) and the third with no opening. The results showed that adding the large opening improved the 75% JND by a factor of 2 times compared to the fully covered finger: the higher the skin-surface contact area, the better the roughness perception. Overall, the results show that even partial skin-surface contact through a fingertip wearable improves roughness perception, which opens design opportunities for haptic wearables that preserve natural touch.
Design of a 2-DoF Haptic Device for Motion Guidance
Authors: Kuang Lisheng , Marchal Maud , Aggravi Marco , Giordano Paolo Robuffo , Pacchierotti Claudio 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWe present a 2-degrees-of-freedom (2-DoF) haptic device, which can be either used as a grounded or a hand-held device. It is composed of two platforms moving with respect to each other, actuated by two servomotors housed in one of structures. The device implements a rigid coupling mechanism between the two platforms, based on a three-legged 3-4R constrained parallel linkage, with the two servomotors actuating two of these legs. The device can apply position/kinesthetic haptic feedback to the user hand(s). This paper presents the device and its kinematics, together with a human subjects experiment where we evaluate its capabilities to provide meaningful directional information.
Furekit: Wearable Tactile Music Toolkit for Children with ASD
Authors: Qi Di , Shibasaki Mina , Kamiyama Youichi , Tanaka Sakiko , Kawasaki Bunsuke , Mitsuhashi Chisa , Pai Yun Suen , Minamizawa Kouta 
Published: May 2022

AbstractChildren with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) face the challenge of social interaction and communication, leading to them often requiring significant support from others in their daily lives. This includes challenges like basic communication to convey their emotions to comprehension in early education. To aid with their early development, we propose Furekit, a wearable toolkit that encourages physical interaction via audio and tactile stimuli. Furekit can be attached to various parts of the body, can be operated wirelessly, and is equipped with both a speaker and a vibrotactile actuator. The audio and tactile stimuli are triggered when touched via a conductive pad on the surface, aiming to aid these children’s learning and social experience. From our conducted workshop with children with ASD, we found that Furekit was well-received and was able to encourage their spontaneous physical movement. In the workshop, Furekit shows its potential as an educational and communication tool for children with ASD.
Discussion
Authors: Georgiades Stavros 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBy considering the interactions of two creative groups in temporary organizations during two media projects the author proposes a model illustrating how they repeatedly change formation so that individuals can manage job interdependencies and new issues arising while developing, building up, and synthesizing new ideas into a final creative solution. This theory on creative group dynamic coordination builds theory on how and why creative groups coordinate, challenges assumptions about the role of formal structures and informal practices by demonstrating how the two dynamically interact and complement each other to facilitate coordination via the emergence of what one would expect to be “un-coordinated methods”, and provides an alternative perspective to the stages the groups have to go through by emphasizing a cyclical and not a linear team developmental process.
The twisted index and topological saddles
Authors: Bullimore Mathew , Ferrari Andrea E. V. , Kim Heeyeon , Xu Guangyu 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The twisted index of 3d $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 2 gauge theories on S1× Σ has an algebro-geometric interpretation as the Witten index of an effective supersymmetric quantum mechanics. In this paper, we consider the contributions to the supersymmetric quantum mechanics from topological saddle points in supersymmetric localisation of abelian gauge theories. Topological saddles are configurations where the matter fields vanish and the gauge symmetry is unbroken, which exist for non-vanishing effective Chern-Simons levels. We compute the contributions to the twisted index from both topological and vortex-like saddles points and show that their combination recovers the Jeffrey-Kirwan residue prescription for the twisted index and its wall-crossing.
Der „schwierige“ Patient – Vestibularisdiagnostik unter erschwerten Bedingungen
Authors: Dlugaiczyk Julia 
Published: May 2022

ZusammenfassungDer Patient mit dem Leitsymptom Schwindel stellt häufig eine Herausforderung für den Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Arzt dar. Die folgende Artikelserie beleuchtet unterschiedliche Aspekte des „schwierigen“ Schwindelpatienten. Der vorliegende erste Teil widmet sich den Besonderheiten und Fallstricken bei der Anamneseerhebung und der klinisch-neurootologischen Untersuchung. Dabei werden situationsspezifische Lösungsansätze zu folgenden Themen der Anamneseerhebung aufgezeigt: Definition von Erwartungen und Zielen, „ausschweifende“ Anamnese, Beschreibung des Symptoms Schwindel, mehrere Schwindelentitäten bei einem Patienten, Diskrepanz zwischen Symptomschwere und vestibulären Befunden, kognitive Verzerrungen und der Umgang mit Emotionen. Des Weiteren werden praxisbezogene Hinweise für die neurootologische Untersuchung von Patienten mit Halswirbelsäulenproblemen und Augenbewegungsstörungen sowie bei ängstlichen Patienten gegeben.
Amplitude and frequency of wetting and drying cycles drive N2 and N2O emissions from a subtropical pasture
Authors: Friedl Johannes , Deltedesco Evi , Keiblinger Katharina M. , Gorfer Markus , De Rosa Daniele , Scheer Clemens , Grace Peter R. , Rowlings David W. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis study investigated the effects of irrigation frequency on N2 and N2O emissions from an intensively managed pasture in the subtropics. Irrigation volumes were estimated to replace evapotranspiration and were applied either once (low frequency) or split into four applications (high frequency). To test for legacy effects, a large rainfall event was simulated at the end of the experiment. Over 15 days, 7.9 ± 2.7 kg N2 + N2O-N ha−1 was emitted on average regardless of irrigation frequency, with N2O accounting for 25% of overall N2 + N2O. Repeated, small amounts of irrigation produced an equal amount of N2 + N2O losses as a single, large irrigation event. The increase in N2O emissions after the large rainfall event was smaller in the high-frequency treatment, shifting the N2O/(N2O + N2) ratio towards N2, indicating a treatment legacy effect. Cumulative losses of N2O and N2 did not differ between treatments, but higher CO2 emissions were observed in the high-frequency treatment. Our results suggest that the increase in microbial activity and related O2 consumption in response to small and repeated wetting events can offset the effects of increased soil gas diffusivity on denitrification, explaining the lack of treatment effect on cumulative N2O and N2 emissions and the abundance of N cycling marker genes. The observed legacy effect may be linked to increased mineralisation and subsequent increased dissolved organic carbon availability, suggesting that increased irrigation frequency can reduce the environmental impact (N2O), but not overall magnitude of N2O and N2 emissions from intensively managed pastures.
Prospective surveillance of colonization and disease by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) at a European pediatric cancer center
Authors: Füller Miriam A. , Kampmeier Stefanie , Wübbolding Anna M. , Grönefeld Judith , Kremer Almut , Groll Andreas H. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Children and adolescents undergoing treatment for cancer or allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation are at increased risk for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). We therefore examined the occurrence and outcome of MRSA colonization and infection in patients of a large European pediatric cancer center.

Methods
In a prospective observational cohort study conducted between 2007 and 2018, nasopharyngeal swabs for culture of MRSA were obtained from all admitted patients. The primary endpoint of the study was the colonization rate over time. Secondary endpoints included genetic relatedness of isolates, time burden of isolation measures, and results of decolonization efforts.

Results
During the study period, MRSA screening identified 34 colonized patients (median age: 10 years; range: 0–21) without trends over time. MRSA colonization was associated with the presence of classical risk factors. There was no molecular evidence of patient-to-patient transmission. A standard MRSA eradication regimen led to a lasting eradication of the organism in 26 of 34 patients. MRSA infection occurred in two patients with no associated fatalities.

Conclusion
Prospective monitoring revealed low rates of MRSA colonization and infection at our center. These low rates and the absence of patient-to-patient transmission support the effectiveness of the management bundle of MRSA identification, isolation, and decolonization.
Towards designing a generic and comprehensive deep reinforcement learning framework
Authors: Nguyen Ngoc Duy , Nguyen Thanh Thi , Pham Nhat Truong , Nguyen Hai , Nguyen Dang Tu , Nguyen Thanh Dang , Lim Chee Peng , Johnstone Michael , Bhatti Asim , Creighton Douglas , Nahavandi Saeid 
Published: May 2022

AbstractReinforcement learning (RL) has emerged as an effective approach for building an intelligent system, which involves multiple self-operated agents to collectively accomplish a designated task. More importantly, there has been a renewed focus on RL since the introduction of deep learning that essentially makes RL feasible to operate in high-dimensional environments. However, there are many diversified research directions in the current literature, such as multi-agent and multi-objective learning, and human-machine interactions. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a comprehensive software architecture that not only plays a vital role in designing a connect-the-dots deep RL architecture but also provides a guideline to develop a realistic RL application in a short time span. By inheriting the proposed architecture, software managers can foresee any challenges when designing a deep RL-based system. As a result, they can expedite the design process and actively control every stage of software development, which is especially critical in agile development environments. For this reason, we design a deep RL-based framework that strictly ensures flexibility, robustness, and scalability. To enforce generalization, the proposed architecture also does not depend on a specific RL algorithm, a network configuration, the number of agents, or the type of agents.
A hybrid inductive learning-based and deductive reasoning-based 3-D path planning method in complex environments
Authors: Segato Alice , Calimeri Francesco , Testa Irene , Corbetta Valentina , Riva Marco , De Momi Elena 
Published: May 2022

AbstractTraditional path planning methods, such as sampling-based and iterative approaches, allow for optimal path’s computation in complex environments. Nonetheless, environment exploration is subject to rules which can be obtained by domain experts and could be used for improving the search. The present work aims at integrating inductive techniques that generate path candidates with deductive techniques that choose the preferred ones. In particular, an inductive learning model is trained with expert demonstrations and with rules translated into a reward function, while logic programming is used to choose the starting point according to some domain expert’s suggestions. We discuss, as use case, 3-D path planning for neurosurgical steerable needles. Results show that the proposed method computes optimal paths in terms of obstacle clearance and kinematic constraints compliance, and is able to outperform state-of-the-art approaches in terms of safety distance-from-obstacles respect, smoothness, and computational time.
Littlewood-Paley-Stein Theory and Banach Spaces in the Inverse Gaussian Setting
Authors: Almeida Víctor , Betancor Jorge J. , Fariña Juan C. , Rodríguez-Mesa Lourdes 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn this paper we consider Littlewood-Paley functions defined by the semigroups associated with the operator $\mathcal {A}=-\frac {1}{2}{\Delta }-x\nabla $
A
=
−

1

2

Δ
−
x
∇
in the inverse Gaussian setting for Banach valued functions. We characterize the uniformly convex and smooth Banach spaces by using $L^{p}(\mathbb R^{n},\gamma _{-1})$

L

p

(

ℝ

n

,

γ

−
1

)
- properties of the $\mathcal {A}$
A
-Littlewood-Paley functions. We also use Littlewood-Paley functions associated with $\mathcal {A}$
A
to characterize the Köthe function spaces with the UMD property.
Adverse childhood experiences and unhealthy lifestyles later in life: evidence from SHARE countries
Authors: Brugiavini A. , Buia R. E. , Kovacic M. , Orso C. E. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis paper investigates whether exposure to adverse experiences during childhood, such as physical and emotional abuse, affects the likelihood of unhealthy habits later in life. The novelty of our approach is twofold. First, we exploit the recently published data on adverse childhood experiences in 19 European countries from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement (SHARE), which enables us to account for country-specific heterogeneity and investigate the long-term effects of exposure to adverse early-life circumstances (such as smoking, drinking, excess weight and obesity) on unhealthy lifestyles later in life. Second, we estimate the effect of childhood trauma on unhealthy lifestyles separately for European macro-regions using a clustering of countries emphasising cultural differences. Our results highlight the positive effect of exposure to adverse childhood experiences on the probability of unhealthy lifestyles in the long run. Harm from parents is associated with a higher probability of smoking in adulthood, while child neglect and a poor relationship with parents increase the probability of smoking later in life.
A concise review on the cultivation of microalgal biofilms for biofuel feedstock production
Authors: Patwardhan Sanchita Bipin , Pandit Soumya , Ghosh Dipankar , Dhar Dolly Wattal , Banerjee Srijoni , Joshi Sanket , Gupta Piyush Kumar , Lahiri Dibyajit , Nag Moupriya , Ruokolainen Janne , Ray Rina Rani , Kumar Kesari Kavindra 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe enormous capability of microalgae for biomass production and co-products has recently been widely researched from a range of research approaches. Microalgae biomass has been discovered as a suitable feedstock for biofuel generation in the third generation. Although they may easily be cultivated in the laboratory, commercial cultivation involves several important considerations, including design, expense, contamination risk, and hygiene. This paper reviews some conventional microalgal cultivation methods along with some harvesting techniques. A short note on the disadvantages of conventional microalgal biofilm cultivation and the need for advanced cultivation techniques are also listed. Further, it highlights some of the modern techniques used for the cultivation of biofilm-based microalgae. It also gives brief information on the various factors affecting the formation of microalgal biofilm. A detailed description of the application of microalgal biofilm concerning biofuel generation is also reviewed.
Graphical abstract