bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nonthyroidal illness syndrome as marker of severity in pediatric high dependency units
Authors: Passos Leonardo Daumas , Barbosa Adauto Dutra Moraes 
Published: January 2022

Background:
Limited data is available in children with nonthyroidal illness syndrome (NTIS) and its association with prognosis in acute illness. This study was conducted to compare thyroid function as marker of severity with pediatric risk of mortality (PRISM) and pediatric index of mortality (PIM) in pediatric high dependency unit (PHDU).

Subjects and Methods:
This was a prospective, cross-sectional observational study of 225 patients, aged 1–14 years with respiratory symptoms, admitted to a PHDU in a secondary care hospital in Brazil. PRISM-IV and PIM-2 scores were calculated and serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free T4, T3, and T4 levels were measured on admission. The presence of NTIS was considered in patients with total T3 below reference values, which may be associated with normal or low levels of total T4.

Results:
The mean age of the study population was 52.9 ± 35.9 months; Male-to-female ratio is was 1.2. All patients had normal free T4 levels. In 65.9% of cases, TSH remained within normal limits, while 34.1% were below the reference range for age. The prevalence of NTIS was 45.8%. Total T3 was normal in 54.2% and total T4 was normal in 90.2% of cases. Low total T3 with normal total T4 was found in 36% of patients while both total T3 and T4 were low in 9.8% of cases. Lower PRISM IV scores (P = 0.0014) and lower PIM-2 scores (P < 0.0001) were significantly correlated with absence of NTIS.

Conclusions:
Patients without evidence of NTIS have lower disease severity scores and a better prognosis.
Effect of Salivary Antimicrobial Factors on Microbial Composition of Tongue Coating in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease with Phlegm-Stasis Syndrome
Authors: Ye Juan , Su Ke-Lei , Xu Yue-Hua , Yang Yang , Zhou Qian , Gao Wei , Cai Xue-Ting , Wei Qing-Yun , Cao Meng , Cao Peng 
Published: January 2022

Objective:
Phlegm-stasis syndrome is one of the most common traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndromes and found in 59% of patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) in routine TCM clinical practice in China. One of the diagnostic criteria of phlegm-stasis syndrome is its characteristic white-greasy and thin tongue coating. We have previously reported that different types of tongue coating have different microbiome characteristics that can be used as diagnostic markers. However, the microbial characteristics of tongue coating of CHD patients with phlegm-stasis syndrome, including coating feature and underlying reason of formation, have rarely been reported. Herein, we examined the characteristic microbiome of tongue coating, and discussed the cause of tongue coating formation via salivary proteins in patients with phlegm-stasis syndrome.

Methods:
We examined white-greasy and thin tongue coatings obtained from 10 patients with CHD having phlegm-stasis syndrome (n = 10), and compared with those of patients with almost no coating – patients with Qi-Yin deficiency syndrome (n = 10) – and healthy controls (n = 10). 16S rRNA sequencing of tongue coating microbiome and isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ)-based quantitative analysis of salivary proteins were used to detect tongue coating and salivary protein separately. Salivary levels of sIgA, lysozyme, and amylase were detected by ELISA.

Results:
We identified Candidatus_Saccharimonas and Candidate_division_TM7_norank as the prominent members of tongue coating in patients with CHD having phlegm-stasis syndrome. Salivary proteins involved in biological processes, pentose phosphate pathway, and complement and coagulation cascades were among the differentially expressed proteins identified in patients with CHD having phlegm-stasis syndrome on iTRAQ analysis. Moreover, the formation of microbiota in tongue coating was associated with salivary sIgA, lysozyme, and saliva flow rate.

Conclusions:
We explored the characteristics of microbial composition of tongue coating patients with CHD having phlegm-stasis syndrome and identified correlations between salivary proteins and microbiome formation, providing a theoretical and mechanistic basis for tongue coating formation.
Influence of Allium Sativum (Garlic), Zingiber officinale (Ginger) and Syzygium aromaticum (Clove) Extract against Larvae of Aedes mosquitoes (Culicidae: Diptera)
Authors: Aminu M.A. , Hafiz M.S. , Shehu S.A. , Azeezat  , Namadina M.M. , Haruna H. , Mukhtar M.M. , Tasi’u S. , Yunusa A.Y. , Biliyaminu A. , Umar A.B. , Maitama F.Y. 
Published: January 2022

Mosquito control has become more difficult due to the unsystematic use of synthetic chemical insecticides which have inauspicious effect on the environment. Botanical phyto-chemicals with mosquitocidal potential are now recognized as potent alternative insecticides to replace synthetic insecticides in mosquito control programs due to their excellent larvacidal activities. The present study assessed the influence of A. sativum (garlic), Z. officinale (ginger) and S. aromatic (clove) extracts against Aedes mosquitoes. Larvacidal activities of three indigenous plant extracts were studied in the range 5.0 to 30.0mg/l in the laboratory bioassay against fourth instar larvae of Aedes sp. The mortality were subjected to probit analysis to determine the lethal concentration (LC50) to kill 50 percent of treated larvae of Aedes sp. Data obtained were analyzed by Comparing experimental groups and control groups with significance level established at p<0.05. All plants tasted showed effects after 24hrs of exposure at different concentration (mg/l). However the highest mortality was found in A. Sativum (garlic) and Z. officinale (ginger) against larvae of Aedes mosquitoes with LC50 = 42.50% (2.685) and LC50 = 30.01% (4.461) mg/l, while S. aromatic(clove) was found to have lowest mortality at LC50 = 24.50% (5.52) respectively. It is therefore recommended that A. sativum(Gallic), S. aromatic (Clove) has showed larvacidal effects against Aedes mosquitoes and could be served as alternative form of botanical control against mosquitoes .
Keywords: A. sativum (garlic), Z. officinale (ginger) and S. aromatic (clove), Extracts, Aedes mosquitoes
The Effect of Cooking on the Goitrogenic (cyanogenic glycosides and glucosinolates) Content of Pumpkin Leaves (Telfairia occidentalis) and Spinach Leaves (Spinacia olairaceae)
Authors: Oruma Y.U. , Abraham O.J. , Odiba P.A. , Egwemi I.O. , Okwutachi A.M , Aye G.A , Yahaya A. 
Published: January 2022

Fresh ugwu (Telfairia occidentalis) and spinach (Spinacia olairaceae) leaves play important roles in human nutrition. Leafy vegetables including Telfairia occidentalis and Spinacia olairaceae are considered as agents of transmission of goitrogens which interfere with iodine uptake thus causing goiter. Cyanogenic glycosides are naturally occurring goitrogens found in staple foods in the tropics. Thiocyanate and isothiocyanate have been demonstrated as the goitrogenic principles of cyanogenic plants Thiocyanate ion acts as a goitrogen when present at high concentration especially when the iodine content of the diet is low. Thiocyanate inhibits the uptake of iodine by the iodide pump of the thyroid gland thus acting as a goitrogen which suppresses thyroid function leading to goiter. This study examined the effect of cooking on the goitrogenic potential of Ugwu and Spinach leaves. A total of (10g) of fresh/ andraw ugwu and spinach leaves were randomly collected and cooked. All samples were examined according to standard methods for detection of goitrogens. The cyanogenic glycosides content of rawand fresh ugwu leaves were 1. 6mg /kg - 1. 82mg/ kg while that of cooked leaves were 0. 004mg/ kg - 0. 0 l3mg/ kg. The glucosinolates content for raw and fresh Ugwu leaves were15.7mg/kg-17.28mg/kg, while that of cooked Ugwu leaves were 11.18mg/kg- 12.51mg/kg . For Spinach the cyanogenic glycosides content for raw and fresh were 0.24mg/kg-1.28mg/kg, while that of cooked spinach were 0.013mg/kg- 0.00Smg/kg. The glucosinolates content for raw and fresh spinach were 4.0mg/kg-2.64mg/kg while those of the cooked leaves were 2.52mg/kg-1.82mg/kg. there was a significant diference (P=0.085) in the level of reduction of glucosinolate content between raw and cooked Ugwu leaves and Spinach. There is also a significant difference (p=3.04) in the concentration of glucosinolates between Ugwu leaves and Spinach. Ugwu leaves had a higher concentration of glucosinolates than spinach in both fresh (raw) and cooked conditions respectively. These findings provide evidence that the risk of acquiring goiter from the consumption of ugwu and spinach leaves is reduced when cooked.
Keywords: Ugwu leaves, Spinach leaves, Cooking, Goitrogens, Cyanogenic glycosides, Glucosinolates
Mathematical Model to Determine Motion of Infinitesimal Mass When Primaries Are both Radiating and Triaxial
Authors: Emmanuel Atanyi Yusuf , Oduwole H.K. , Aimufua Gilbert , Abam Ayeni O. 
Published: January 2022

This model has examined the motion of an infinitesimal particle when both primaries are radiating and triaxial in the framework of the Circular Restricted Three Body Problem (CR3BP). It was observed that the equations of motion were affected by perturbing forces (triaxiality and radiation pressures) of the primary bodies. Analytically, the locations of equilibrium points were obtained and applied to the binary systems Kruger 60 (AB) and Achird to obtain the numerical results with the help of MathLab software. Numerical investigations reveal that locations of equilibrium points of this problem have been determined and the effect of increasing triaxiality on the position of equilibrium point were obtained with graphical results. It reveal that the infinitesimal mass moves in the direction of the bigger primary towards the line joining the primary bodies. The linear stability of the equilibrium points has also been examined and a numerical solution of the analytical result was applied to the binary stars Kruger 60. It was found that the triangular points are unstable which means that the instability exist as a result of the presence of perturbation forces (Radiation and Triaxiality).
Keywords: Model, Motion, Infinitesimal, Radiating, Triaxial.
Évaluation du risque d’érosion sur quelques sols de la plaine de Lubumbashi, R.D. Congo
Authors: Muamba Kalenda Bwandamuka Franco , Banza Mukalay John , Katumbwe Ndandula Franck , Kabwe Masangu Francis , Mwamba Kasongo Michel , Mayamba Makanda Gaillard , Nkulu Mwine Fyama Jules , Kasongo Lenge Mukonzo Emery 
Published: January 2022

Le contrôle de l’érosion hydrique des sols est l’une des préoccupations importantes en agriculture pluviale, notamment sous les climats tropicaux. Dans la plaine de Lubumbashi, deux sites agricoles (ferme Kasapa et le périmètre agroforestier de Mukoma) ont été étudiés en vue d’y évaluer le risque d’érosion hydrique du sol. Des cartes thématiques des différents facteurs d’érosion, tels que décrits dans l’Équation universelle de pertes de sol, ont été intégrées dans un Système d’Information Géographique, permettant ainsi de : (1) démêler leur complexité et leur interdépendance dans l’analyse des risques d’érosion et (2) cerner l’impact et la contribution de chacun d’eux aux pertes en sol. Cette démarche a permis de : (1) hiérarchiser les différentes zones de sites étudiés selon leurs degrés de sensibilité à l’érosion et (2) déterminer le taux d’érosion par le ruissellement en nappe (30,8 t/ha/an en moyenne pour la ferme Kasapa et de 3,6 t/ha/an pour le site de Mukoma). Par ordre d’importance, les facteurs décisifs qui contrôlent l’érosion hydrique dans la plaine de Lubumbashi sont : la pente, l’érodibilité des sols et la couverture végétale.
The control of soil erosion by water is one of the major concerns in rainfed agriculture, especially in tropical climates. In the plain of Lubumbashi, two agricultural sites (Kasapa farm and the agroforestry perimeter of Mukoma) have been studied to assess the risk of soil erosion. Thematic maps of the various erosion factors, as described in the Universal Soil Losses Equation, were integrated into a Geographic Information System to (1) unravel their complexity and interdependence in the analysis of erosion risks and (2) identify the impact and contribution of each of them to soil losses. This approach allowed us to (1) prioritize the different areas of the studied sites according to their degree of sensitivity to erosion and (2) determine the rate of sheet erosion by runoff (30.8 t/ha/year on average for the Kasapa farm and 3.6 t/ha/year for the Mukoma site). In order of importance, the decisive factors that control water erosion in the Lubumbashi plain are: slope, soil erodibility and vegetation cover.
Da’wah Visual Channel Telegram Rumaysho
Authors: Akbar Fajar Tri 
Published: January 2022

A phenomenon that is no longer strange to see today is the use of gadgets by all levels of society, from children to the elderly, all of whom have made gadgets a must-have item and carried everywhere. As an effort to continue to do da’wah productively, da'wah through visual content can be used as a solution to deal with the gadget phenomenon in society and to deal with difficult circumstances and situations during this pandemic. In addition, doing da'wah through visual content is a very significant way to spread Islamic teachings, because the trend of visual content is more favorable and can attract more attention than content that only contains writing. This study aims to determine the content of visual da'wah contained in the posters on the Rumaysho Telegram channel and the techniques used in making these posters. The research method used is descriptive qualitative method, which provides descriptive data from the results of the analysis on the posters of the Rumaysho Telegram channel as many as 10 posters. The data collection technique that the author uses is content analysis. The results of the research that has been done show that the posters on the Rumaysho Telegram channel are made by paying attention to design elements and with various design techniques, then the theme of the message content in each poster is made according to the problems and events that are currently hot in the community. In the future, the Rumaysho Telegram channel is expected to continue to develop its creative ideas and continue to improve the ability of design techniques so that the content presented always feels new, it is also hoped that the Rumaysho Telegram channel can maximize the features available on Telegram so that it can follow the trend of using gadgets by the community.
Keywords: visual da'wah; da'wah message; design technique; Telegram channel
PENGEMBANGAN LEMBAR KERJA PESERTA DIDIK (LKPD) BERORIENTASI LITERASI SAINTIFIK DALAM PEMBELAJARAN SAINS DI TENGAH PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Muliastrini Ni Ketu Erna , Putra Gotama Putu Bayu Ariska , Putra I Putu Suardika 
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang dan menerapkan lembar kerja peserta didik (LKPD) berorientasi literasi saintifik untuk pembelajaran IPA SD. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas IV SD Insan Mandiri Karangasem Tahun Akademik 2019/2020 yang berjumlah 38 orang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan lembar kegiatan peserta didik berorientasi literasi saintifik sesuai tahap inti pendekatan saintifik, yang telah ditinjau dan dinilai oleh para pakar. Pelaksanaan menunjukkan bahwa literasi saintifik siswa belum dilatih secara optimal, walau rancangan lembar kegiatan literasi saintifik ini dapat ditanggapi oleh siswa selama pembelajaran jarak jauh.
MAKNA NGUSABHA GEDEBONGDI DESA ADAT NGIS KECAMATAN MANGGIS KABUPATEN KARANGASEM
Authors: Dani Budiantara I Ketut , Sugiarka I Gede 
Published: January 2022

Desa Adat Ngis sampai saat ini masih melestarikan adat dan budaya leluhur. Hal ini terlihat dalam kegiatan yang berkaitan dengan upacara adat terutama dalam melaksanakan upacara Panca Yadnya. Ngusabha Gedebong merupakan salah satu upacara Panca Yadnya yang dilaksanakan umat Hindu di Desa Adat Ngis. Sesuai dengan namanya Ngusabha Gedebong sarana utama upakaranya menggunakan sarana gedebong ( batang pohon pisang). Ngusabha Gedebong dilaksanakan setahun sekali setiap Sasih Kaulu. Disamping unik, juga belum pernah dilakukan kajian mendalam tentang bentuk, dan makna Ngusabha Gedebong di desa Adat Ngis. Berkaitan dengan itu, kajian difokuskan untuk mendeskripsikan bentuk, dan makna Ngusabha Gedebong di Desa Adat Ngis tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik pendekatan empiris. Jenis penelitian kualitatif, penentuan subjek penelitian purposive sampling. Jenis data digunakan data kualitatif, sumber data primer dan sekunder. Data dikumpulkan dengan teknik observasi, wawancara, dan pencatatan dokumen; serta analisis data deskriptif dengan teknik induksi dan argumentasi. Berdasarkan hasil pembahasan disimpulkan bahwa bentuk Ngusabha Gedebong di Desa Adat Ngis yaitu merupakan jenis Dewa Yadnya yang dilaksanakan setiap satu tahun sekali, tepatnya pada purnamaning sasih kawulu, dengan sarana upacara terdiri dari : Bayuhan 1 tanding, bayuhan berisi piser/tumpeng yang terbuat dari nasi jit kuskusan dan di ujungnya berisi garam/uyah yang beralaskan kojong, bayuhan berisi belayag 11 (solas) buah,tehenan atanding berisi beras, benang putih, porosan, segau ( daun dapdap yang dialuskan/ditumbuk ),Ungkab Lawang atanding berisi beras, kelapa yang dikupas kulitnya, sampiyan pakecuan,kerik keramas, berisi segau atangkih, kunyit mekihkih atangkih, kapas dan minyak, gegine metunu atangkih, buah lemo atangkih, suah sunggar sebagai pensucian,segehan putih kuning,buu,petabuh yaitu : tuak, arak, bere,.toya anyar ( air suci yang masih sukla ), api takepan, tegteg yaitu : wakul berisi jajan, biu, tumpeng, kasa putih, sampian kejingjing, banten pejatian yang dihaturkan di Bale Agung, ajuman dan canang sari, dengan proses pelaksanaan meliputi tahap persiapan, pelaksanaan dan penutup. Sedangkan makna Nngusabha Gedebong di Desa Adat Ngis yaitu bermakna mohon kemakmuran, dan wujud syukur.
AJARAN SUSILA DALAM SATUA LEAK MASLIKUAN
Authors: Aryani Ni Komang 
Published: January 2022

Satua Bali merupakan salah satu jenis kesusastraan Bali yang dalam penyampaiannya menggunakan bahasa lisan dan di dalamnya mengandung nilai-nilai pendidikan Agama Hindu yang luhur seperti misalnya: nilai religius, nilai budaya, nilai etika atau susila, nilai estetika atau seni, serta tattwa atau filsafat. Dulu satua-satua Bali diperdengarkan atau diceritakan para orang tua kepada anak-anaknya untuk memberikan pelajaran sederhana tentang apa yang terkandung dalam satua tersebut. Sejalan dengan kemajuan teknologi pada zaman globalisasi ini, satua Bali dan bahasa Bali yang digunakan sebagai alat komunikasi sudah semakin dilupakan. Perkembangan satua Bali pada zaman sekarang hanya sebatas pada materi pelajaran bahasa daerah Bali yang hanya mendapatkan waktu yang singkat jika dibandingkan dengan pelajaran lainnya yang didapat di sekolah-sekolah formal. Berdasarkan hal tersebut dianggap penting untuk diadakannya penelitian tentang satua. Satua Leak Maslikuan dipilih sebagai objek penelitian karena jalan ceritanya menarik untuk dikaji serta karya sastra ini mengungkapkan aspek-aspek kehidupan sosial yang terdapat dalam masyarakat. Selain itu, dalam karya sastra Satua Leak Maslikuan tersirat nilai-nilai Pendidikan khususnya ajaran susila, yang selama ini masih banyak masyarakat Hindu yang belum memahami betul nilai-nilai yang terkandung di dalam cerita tersebut. Pada penelitian ini akan membahas tentang ajaran Susila yang terdapat dalam satua Leak Maslikuan. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan mitopik. Jenis data yang digunakan adalah data kualitatif dan sumber data menggunakan data primer dan sekunder. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah metode pencatatan dokumen. Hasil analisis data disajikan dengan metode formal dan informal. Berdasarkan analisis data yang dilakukan, dapat disimpulkan bahwa Ajaran Susila yang terkandung dalam satua Leak Maslikuan adalah 1) Tri Kaya Parisudha yaitu ajaran kayika parisudha dan wacika parisudha 2) Panca Yama Brata yaitu ajaran Asteya, 3) Catur Paramitha yaitu ajaran Maitri, 4) Sad Ripu yaitu krodha , dan 5) Tri Guna yaitu sifat rajas, 6) Sad Atatayi yaitu Atharwa, 7) Sapta Timira yaitu ajaran Dhana.
O SER-NO-MUNDO NA INFÂNCIA
Authors: Tibério Juliana 
Published: January 2022

O presente trabalho pretende abordar o tema da infância no pensamento do filósofo alemão Martin Heidegger (1889-1976). A investigação desse tema é conduzida a partir da seguinte problema: a criança também é um Dasein? Diante desta questão, o objetivo geral é compreender a noção de ser-no-mundo e a partir daí fazer uma análise sobre o ser-no-mundo na infância. No entanto, para tal compreensão foi necessário fazer uma introdução ao pensamento do filósofo. Dessa forma, buscou-se validar a hipótese de que para Heidegger o que esta em jogo quando se trata do ser criança é o ser-aí humano, a sua abertura para o mundo. Assim, constata-se que os significados das coisas aparecem para a criança da mesma maneira que para um adulto, no entanto, isso não quer dizer que os significados das coisas terão o mesmo sentido para ambos, pois, apenas o processo é igual. O artigo se justifica, prioritariamente, pela ausência de um debate maior sobre os vários modos de ser criança. A pesquisa é totalmente de cunho bibliográfico.
Los costos de la violencia en El Salvador
Authors: Romano Luis Ernesto 
Published: January 2022

El presente artículo expone de manera breve los resultados de un cálculo sobre lo que le cuesta al país anualmente el problema de la violencia. Este cálculo se ha realizado siguiendo una metodología de medición de costos propuesta por el BID y la OPS. El ejercicio, que incluye tanto los costos directos --en salud y seguridad-, como los indirectos --en pérdidas a la economía doméstica y nacional- arroja que en 1995, los costos de la violencia en El Salvador ascendieron a casi 800 millones de dólares, lo que significa cerca del 13 por ciento del Producto Interno Bruto de ese año.
ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 52, No. 588, 1997: 967-976.
Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Rekrutmen Pada Perusahaan Outsourcing Berbasis Web
Authors: Kusumo Haryo , Sindu Rakasiwi  
Published: January 2022

Computer technology and the internet do present many conveniences in business. Includes a web-based recruitment decision support system. In the current system, PT. X received a job application file sent to the office of PT. X, after that applicants await calls from PT. X work for the interview. Such conditions make the performance of PT. X work is considered ineffective and inefficient. Therefore we need a web-based employee recruitment system that can solve this problem. The method used in the construction of this system is the analytical method hierarchy process which is carried out in several stages, namely data collection, system requirements analysis, system analysis and design, system development, and ends with testing and revision. As a result, with a web-based recruitment system, the recruitment process is effective and efficient

Keywords: Recruitment, Outsourcing, Employment, Decision Support Systems