bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Journey of Continuous Commitment to Martial Arts in Alumni Karate Practitioners
Authors: Chung Ho Jin , Lim Yi Yan , Sumartiningsih Sri 
Published: November 2022

This study aimed to explore the driving aspects of continuous commitment towards karate among Singaporean alumni karate practitioners by examining three periods of their journey; commitment to early participation, commitment to sport karate participation and commitment to present participation. The research question behind this study was what are the driving aspects of continuous commitment in alumni Karate practitioners based on early participation, sport karate participation and present participation? Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 7 black-belt karate practitioners between the ages of 21 - 26 years old. Each interview was audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. For data analysis, thematic analysis was employed and themes were identified and categorised into higher order themes. Member-checking was performed to check transcript accuracy and clarify the themes. Four driving aspects surfaced based on the three periods of commitment; Personal competency, personal enjoyment, personal well-being and personal obligations. The study further discussed the driving aspects and underlying themes that drove continuous commitment to Karate. Results of this study could benefit martial arts clubs and relevant organisations in understanding some of the factors behind karate commitment and engagement. The implications may be translated into healthy lifestyle engagement policies by government or policy-making bodies in encouraging active health and lifelong sport participation. Further research on Karate could focus on the influence of overall training time and club affiliation in driving commitment to the martial art.
Análisis cinemático de la patada Kizami Mawashi Geri en karatecas élite
Authors: Velez Uribe Jose David , Gonzalez Madrigal Leidy Katherine , Manquillo Tobón Duvan Alexis , Pérez Villegas Mateo , Restrepo Arbeláez Juan Pablo , Gómez Suárez Nicolas Eugenio 
Published: November 2022

Objetivo. Describir las características cinemáticas de la patada Kizami Mawashi Geri (KMG) en deportistas élite para establecer parámetros que permitan mejorar el desempeño en su ejecución. Métodos. Se realizó un estudio de enfoque cuantitativo, diseño observacional, transversal con alcance descriptivo en 21 deportistas, hombres y mujeres de categoría élite; los datos se capturaron con sistema 3D en un laboratorio de análisis de movimiento. Resultados. El tiempo y velocidad de impacto tuvieron una media de 0,37 s y 4,08 m/s respectivamente. En el presente artículo se describen y discuten las gráficas más relevantes de la artrocinemática de miembro inferior en la patada KMG; existen diferencias con los reportes previos. Conclusión. Esta patada es más rápida que la reportada en otros estudios de karatecas. Es un gesto complejo, cuya descripción y comprensión puede optimizar los métodos de entrenamiento y mejorar el desempeño.
Disease profile of Guillain-Barré syndrome among Indian patients receiving intravenous immunoglobulin: a real-world observational study
Authors: Rajani Anil , Patel Lav , Sharma Shreekant 
Published: November 2022

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Objectives of the study were to evaluate the real-world usage pattern of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) for the treatment of patients with Guillain‐Barré syndrome (GBS), and to understand the disease characteristics and demographic patterns of these patients.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This real-world, retrospective, analysis included data of patients with GBS who received IVIg treatment at various centers across India. The study data was collected between April 2021 and March 2022. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> A total of 3064 patients with GBS who received IVIg treatment were included. The mean (SD) age of the patients was 48.97 (14.97) years, and majority of the patients were men (68.8%). Acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (AIDP) was the most common subtype of GBS (60.5%), followed by acute motor axonal neuropathy (AMAN; 11.6%), and acute motor sensory axonal neuropathy (AMSAN; 3%). The majority (&gt;94%) of patients received IVIg therapy as first-line treatment. A large proportion of the patients (n=2402, 78.4%) were given the standard dose of 2 g/kg bodyweight (given over 5 days) and 97.1% (n=2974) of the total study population received IVIg regimen over the standard protocol of 5 days.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> In the clinical spectrum of GBS, AIDP was the most common subtype. IVIg was used at generally recommended dose and duration in patients with GBS.</p>
A study of BlockBuster laryngeal mask airway versus Fastrach/Intubating laryngeal mask airway as a conduit for blind oro-tracheal intubation: A prospective randomized controlled study
Authors: Pathak Ruchi , Modi Komal , Kanchanaa S. P.  
Published: November 2022

A Laryngeal Mask Airway (LMA) has two parts, a simple breathing tube and a mask. The mask at the laryngeal end of the tube aligns against the glottis and provides better channel of ventilation than the face mask. There have been modifications in the basic design of the LMA to incorporate gastric drainage channel and some devices are also equipped with a channel for intubation to secure airway by guiding endotracheal tube (ETT) through it. In this study we evaluated the performance of two LMA devices that can aid in rescue ventilation and are also equipped with a channel for intubation namely the BlockBuster LMA(2012) and the Fastrach/ Intubating LMA(1997) for blind oro-tracheal intubation in terms of First attempt success rate and Over-all success rate of intubation. A hundred consenting patients of age group 18-60 years and ASA status I or II, were randomly allocated into two groups Group BB (BlockBuster LMA) and Group FT (Fastrach LMA) with 50 patients each. Standard anesthesia technique was used for both groups. After insertion of airway device, cuff was inflated and ventilation was attempted (maximum 2 attempts). Once ventilation was achieved, ETT of appropriate size was inserted through LMA (maximum 2 attempts). The correct placement of ETT was confirmed by capnography. Data was collected for number of attempts of tracheal intubation, time taken for intubation and complications. First attempt success rate of intubation was more in Blockbuster LMA than Fastrach LMA. Over-all success rate of Intubation was 100% for both devices. Time taken for intubation and incidence of post-operative sore throat was less in BlockBuster LMA than Fastrach LMA(p-value&#60;0.05). Blockbuster LMA is better conduit for oro-tracheal intubation than Fastrach LMA in terms of higher first attempt success rate, lesser time taken for intubation and lesser post-operative complications.
Cmentarz wojenny w Szadkowicach – próba identyfikacji poległych żołnierzy na podstawie zachowanych nagrobków
Authors: Czyżewski Bartłomiej 
Published: November 2022

W okresie listopada–grudnia 1914 r. na ziemi szadkowskiej doszło do zaciekłych walk między armiami Niemiec, Austro-Węgier oraz Rosji. W ich efekcie powstało w okolicach Szadku kilkanaście cmentarzy i kwater wojennych, na których pochowano poległych żołnierzy. Jednym z takich miejsc jest istniejący do dzisiaj cmentarz wojenny w Szadkowicach. Początkowo na jego terenie spoczęło 21 żołnierzy, jednak wskutek ekshumacji i likwidacji innych cmentarzy wojennych ostatecznie pogrzebano tam ok. 200 poległych. Wraz ze szczątkami żołnierzy na cmentarz w Szadkowicach trafiły także pomniki nagrobne ze zlikwidowanych nekropolii. Do czasów współczesnych zachowało się na szadkowickim cmentarzu jedynie 60 takich obiektów, przy czym na zaledwie 33 z nich znajdują się jakiekolwiek inskrypcje. Opierając się na napisach z nagrobków autor artykułu podjął próbę zidentyfikowania poległych żołnierzy i ustalenia na podstawie zachowanych dokumentów, w jakich jednostkach służyli, gdzie się urodzili i mieszkali, czy mieli rodzinę.
Elevating Equity and Inclusion for People with Intellectual Disabilities: A Nursing Student Sexual Health Promotion Project
Authors: Edwards Allison P. 
Published: November 2022

Background People with intellectual disabilities experience barriers regarding sexual health education. Nursing education insufficiently addresses the care of people with disabilities. Sexual health promotion is a teaching opportunity for nursing students. Objective Nursing students aimed to improve sexual health literacy among people with intellectual disabilities through educational seminars. Results Gender-matched group education conducted for people with intellectual disabilities in their home setting enhanced sexual health literacy. Discussion/Conclusions People with intellectual disabilities are at risk for sexual abuse and may possess insufficient information compared to their peers without disabilities. Sexual health promotion education for people with intellectual disabilities should occur on a regular basis.
A Thermal Profile across the Idaho-Montana Fold-Thrust Belt Reveals a Low-Relief Orogenic Wedge That Developed atop a Pre-Orogenic Basement High
Authors: Parker Stuart D. , Pearson David M. , Finzel Emily S. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractGrowing orogenic wedges cool rocks during exhumation of thrust hanging walls and heat them during burial of footwalls, leaving behind a resilient thermal record of earlier deformation in fold-thrust belts. In order to investigate early burial of deformed strata within the retroarc Idaho-Montana fold-thrust belt, we use Raman spectroscopy of carbonaceous material to construct a maximum temperature profile that constrains the thicknesses of eroded rocks structurally above the Lemhi arch, a pre-thrusting basement high. In the eastern portion of the study area, a sharp maximum temperature change of ~120°C occurs across the Johnson thrust, signifying that regional burial and heating predated late-stage faulting. West of here, cumulative exhumation is irregular, varying by up to 5 km over large (~75 km) wavelength folds; however, maximum temperatures in this same region are consistently ~200°C higher than correlative stratigraphic units in the adjacent foreland. The pre-thrusting, low-relief unconformity above the Lemhi arch, which served as the early décollement to the fold-thrust belt, was everywhere buried to at least ~6.5 km depth, which is ~1.5-5.0 km deeper than can be explained by stratigraphic burial. We hypothesize that between ~145 and 80 Ma, a combination of Cretaceous deposition and folding and thrusting at higher structural levels buried the décollement of the Medicine Lodge-McKenzie thrust system to this depth. These results suggest that the early orogenic wedge had exceptionally low taper. We propose that thin strata over the low-relief Lemhi arch limited the availability of potential décollements, which restricted the maximum surface slope that could be constructed in a thin-skinned system. Subsequent growth of the orogenic wedge required activation of a much deeper décollement and a switch to a thick-skinned structural style, promoting a shift from burial to exhumation of the former décollement and the underlying Lemhi arch. This suggests that the growth of an orogenic wedge is dependent on the thicknesses of the preexisting strata and the availability of potential décollements, with sedimentation and burial heating potentially playing a key role.
The Dynamic Marker-Based Production Profile Surveillance in Horizontal and Multilateral Wells at the North Caspian Offshore Fields
Authors: Husein Nadir , Malyavko Evgeny , Gazizov Ruslan , Bydzan Andrei , Kapranov Grigory , Gorbokonenko Oksana 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
During the well operation, it is important to monitor the current state of production on an ongoing basis, identify water or gas breakthroughs, analyze the reservoir depletion, and predict the well operation parameters. Production logging is a key stage of the efficient field development management.
This paper presents for the first time the results of the three-phase well surveillance on the North Caspian shelf. The specific features of the wells being studied are the presence of a motherbore and sidetracks as well as a multi-phase flow. The purpose of the studies was to acquire information on the actual inflow profile distribution and its composition, borehole contribution ratio, as well as water and gas breakthroughs in the boreholes of the wells in question based on the results of the long-term production surveillance using the innovative technology – markers for the oil, water and gas inflow.
The collected data improve the quality of technological decision-making, which further contributes to enhanced hydrocarbon recovery and reduces operating costs. The paper presents the accumulated experience in conducting the studies of horizontal and multilateral wells at the North Caspian offshore fields.
Application and Practice of Integrated Sand Control Technology in Shallow Heavy Oil Reservoirs in Kazakhstan
Authors: Tao Ye , Chen Jianhua , Liu Jianjun 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Sand production of the oil well will cause a series of additional works, such as formation damage, underground machine ground equipment damage, workover operation and sand clearing construction of the storage and transportation system, which will increase the production cost and reduce the production rate, so it has always been a bottleneck problem facing the loose sandstone reservoir. The K oilfield is a typical shallow sandstone and heavy oil reservoir in Kazakhstan, which has been facing the problem of sand production. With the decline of the cumulative injection to production ratio and the decrease of the formation pressure, the problem of sand production shows a trend of increasing year by year, which has long-term negative impacts on development and production of the reservoir.
This paper systematically summarizes the technical exploration and practice of K oilfield in sand control, sand discharging and sand cleaning, and forms different supporting modes and methods for CHOPS, pre-completion sand control, sand prevention of production well and the well workover operation.
A Set of Options for Stimulation of Wells
Authors: Isaev Anatoliy Andreevich , Takhautdinov Rustem Shafagatovich , Malykhin Vladimir Ivanovich , Sharifullin Almaz Amirzyanovich , Aliev Mekhrali Mirzaliogly 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The most effective well interventions employed by Shehsmaoil Management Company LLC (Republic of Tatarstan, Russia) are the following [1-4]:
– hydraulic fracturing (HF), – forced gas extraction unit from a wellbore annulus.
The article addresses the issues of increasing recoverable reserves of oil, oil recovery factor, speeding up development, improving the profitability of deposits and fields (with carbonate deposits) as a whole through the introduction of proppant fracturing technology (PHF), multistage fracturing in wells with horizontal endings, drilling a compact grid of wells with subsequent fracturing. It is indicated that optimization of PHF (transition to hybrid hydraulic fracturing) by combining low-viscosity and cross-linked fluids depending on the performance during test injections made it possible to stabilize product's water cut, increase well productivity in terms of oil and stabilize oil recovery reduction rate.
All relevant operations are implemented by three functioning hydraulic fracturing fleets operated that uses the equipment mounted on all-terrain chassis. The paper reviews and summarizes the application results of various fracturing fluid systems: borate-crosslinked guar fluids, Bioxan modified natural polysaccharide, fluids based on fresh water or viscoelastic surfactants, guar-free low-viscosity and high-viscosity water-based polymer systems, synthetic gelling agent. All the described systems feature the required sand trapping properties, so it is the price of the systems that determines the best choice.
The article considers a portable set of equipment for forced extraction of gas from the wellbore annulus and its subsequent pumping into the oil pipeline by means of gas extraction sets of the KOGS type.
In the conditions of shallow fields with hard-to-recover reserves the Company specialists encounter the challenge of increasing the profitability of development. The main reserves of the fields under consideration are confined to carbonate targets, and the reserves of deposits of the Kizelovsky gorizont of the Tournaisian stage occupy a considerable place by their quantity. Development of this object is mainly complicated by the following factors: complex geological structure, viscous, heavy and resinous oil, low reservoir temperatures and pressures. For the reasons of low efficiency of classical development systems, systems of reservoir pressure increase, it is necessary to develop, test, introduce new methods of intensification, new elements of development - compaction of well grid, horizontal wells (HW) with the following multistage fracturing. The fields considered in the article are tectonically controlled by the Western slope of South Tatar arch and Eastern edge of Melekesskaya depression, territorially located in Tatarstan.
Managed Pressure Drilling and Managed Pressure Cementing: First Successful Implementation of Advanced Technologies for Unique Wells with Constant Inflow in Slim Drill Project
Authors: Kaidarov Almas , Magda Andrey , Samarin Andrey , Aliyev Fuad , Kazakbayeva Zhanna 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
While drilling well in the Pre-Caspian basin, a presumably technogenic nature zone of influx was exposed, which did not fit into the model of the geological structure of the section. Attempts of influx management were unsuccessful. The well had to be abandoned without reaching the target. This article describes the experience of Managed Pressure Drilling and Cementing technologies deployment, process features and equipment hookup in unconventional wellhead configuration and Slim Drill type of rig.
Application of MPD technology made reaching target depth successful in the condition of constant water influx. Drilling proceeded in complicated geological conditions: simultaneous crossflow between influx and losses zones, as well as drilling mud gradual replacement by formation fluid. Bottomhole pressure was controlled by Surface Back Pressure made by MPD choke and sealed wellhead using a Rotary Control Device (RCD). The compact set of MPD equipment was rigged up as ergonomically as possible due to space restriction of slim hole drilling techniques.
The MPD technology made it possible to complete the construction of the section without curing losses and weighting the drilling fluid up to control technogenic influx, safely and effectively control bottomhole pressure and achieve geological targets. MPD tests were performed at various depths to determine formation pressure and formation integrity, which made it possible to determine the drilling window for successful construction of the section. After finishing drilling, a pull out of hole and well logging was carried out in an open hole on a drilling pipe with pressure control, which was previously impossible due to the high intensity of influx.
Running 4-1/2" (114 mm) casing with pressure control, as well as cementing in MPC mode were applied. The surface backpressure was gradually reduced during cementing as heavy cement was pumped to minimize the risk of cement loss while controlling formation fluid influx. As a result, cement was lifted through the annulus to the wellhead, which finally eliminate the complication associated with the presence of incompatible zones of loss and influx, and to eliminate behind-the-casing flows. The economic feasibility of well construction was maintained by set of equipment adapted to non-standard conditions The first application of MPD technology on the Slim Drill (small-sized drilling rig) project successfully revitalized previously abandoned well. It shows the validity of using MPD technology by the help of optimized set of equipment. The work reveals broad prospects for replication on a previously inaccessible wells due to economic reasons.
The Concept of Large-Scale Blue Hydrogen Production in West Kazakhstan
Authors: Abuov Yerdaulet , Dauletbakov Didar , Zhakupov Daulet , Suleimenova Botakoz , Zholdayakova Saule 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The challenge of meeting ever-pressing energy demand and reducing GHG emissions presents a significant challenge. One of the recent trends in the energy transition is hydrogen, which is experiencing unseen support from various stakeholders. Hydrogen roadmaps and net-zero strategies announced by governments and companies indicate that demand for low-carbon hydrogen will increase significantly. Therefore, it is essential to establish a reliable supply of low-carbon hydrogen. In our previous work, we have shown that Kazakhstan is located between the two largest hydrogen markets - China and Europe. Natural gas can be a feedstock material for low-carbon hydrogen, which is also known as blue hydrogen.
Kazakhstan holds the 16th largest natural gas reserves in the world. Nevertheless, finding feedstock natural gas for hydrogen in Kazakhstan can be challenging. In 2020, the gross natural gas production in Kazakhstan reached 55.1 bcm of natural gas of which 34.8 bcm and 20.3 bcm are commercial and reinjected volumes, respectively. Commercial volumes are tightly used for rising domestic market and export. Reinjection volumes are also tightly used to maintain the production of oil in the largest hydrogen reservoirs of the country - Tengiz, Kashagan and Karachaganak.
In our work, we propose an approach to use reinjected gas volumes for large-scale hydrogen production while keeping the oil production targets in the largest fields as before. CO2 emissions resulting from the hydrogen production would be used to replace currently reinjected natural gas in maintaining reservoir pressure. CO2 can decrease the viscosity of the reservoir fluid, thus enhancing oil recovery (EOR). This work presents the viability of the concept in the example of the Kashagan field by showing the material balance of both surface and subsurface processes. Several development scenarios were which also involved coproduction of elemental sulfur and methanol. Blue hydrogen production was modeled in Aspen Hysys v12.1.
Intentional Travel Groups and Social Networks during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Zhou Mingzhi , Lei Shuyu , Wu Jiangyue , Ma Hanxi , Levinson David , Zhou Jiangping 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Although face-to-face social contact decreased during the COVID-19 pandemic, some people remained active in traveling and physically meeting as a group to gain benefits like sustaining intimacy and increasing productivity. These group-based activities indicate the necessity of some essential physical meetings despite high risks of virus infection from physical contact amid the pandemic. To balance the benefits of these meetings with the risks and consequences of infection, more should be done to understand the characteristics of physical social contacts and interactions before and amid the pandemic. Using multiday continuous smartcard data, we identify patterns of intentional group travel in the Hong Kong Metro system. These patterns serve as our proxies for physical (visible) interactions and social (invisible) contact networks among people who intentionally travel as a group (ITG). We measure the spatial centrality of ITGs and persistent group riders (PGRs), a subset of ITGs remaining active amid the pandemic, to infer social interactions among metro riders across different locales. By examining the social network formed by the ITG members across time, we found that its size and interconnections varied during the pandemic, and PGR members might be influential vertices in maintaining the networks’ topological properties. The findings could facilitate transit-usage-and-virus-spread modeling and the formulation of more effective pandemic countermeasures in transit-reliant cities.