bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sex differences during a cold-stress test in normobaric and hypobaric hypoxia: A randomized controlled crossover study
Authors: Hohenauer Erich , Taube Wolfgang , Freitag Livia , Clijsen Ron 
Published: September 2022

Cold and hypoxia are two stressors that are frequently combined and investigated in the scientific literature. Despite the growing literature regarding normobaric hypoxia (NH) and hypobaric hypoxia (HH), responses between females and males are less often evaluated. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the physiological sex differences following a cold-stress test under normoxia, normobaric- and hypobaric hypoxia. A total of n = 10 females (24.8 ± 5.1 years) and n = 10 males (30.3 ± 6.3 years) from a university population volunteered for this study. The cold-stress test (CST) of the right hand (15°C for 2 min) was performed using a randomised crossover design in normobaric normoxia, NH and HH. The change (∆) from baseline to post-CST up to 15 min was analysed for cutaneous vascular conductance (CVC) and the hands’ skin temperature, whilst the mean values across time (post-CST up to 15 min) were assessed for peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2), thermal sensation- and comfort. Pressure pain threshold (PPT) was assessed after the post-CST 15 min period. The hands’ skin temperature drop was higher (p = 0.01) in the female group (∆3.3 ± 1.5°C) compared to the male group (∆1.9 ± 0.9°C) only in NH. Females (−0.9 ± 0.5) rated this temperature drop in NH to feel significantly colder (p = 0.02) compared to the males (−0.2 ± 0.7). No differences were observed between sexes in NN, NH, and HH for ∆CVC, SpO2, thermal comfort and PPT. In conclusion, females and males show similar reactions after a CST under normoxia and hypoxia. Sex differences were observed in the local skin temperature response and thermal sensation only in NH.
The evaluation of playing styles integrating with contextual variables in professional soccer
Authors: Kong Lingfeng , Zhang Tianbo , Zhou Changjing , Gomez Miguel-Angel , Hu Yue , Zhang Shaoliang 
Published: September 2022

PurposePlaying styles play a key role in winning soccer matches, but the technical and physical styles of play between home and away match considering team quality in the Chinese Soccer Super League (CSL) remain unclear. The aim of this study was to explore the technical and physical styles of play between home and away matches integrating with team quality in the CSL.Materials and methodsThe study sample consists of 480 performance records from 240 matches during the 2019 competitive season in the CSL. These match events were collected using a semi-automatic computerized video tracking system, Amisco Pro®. A k-means cluster analysis was used to evaluate team quality and then using principal component analysis (PCA) to identify the playing styles between home and away matches according to team quality. Differences between home and away matches in terms of playing styles were analyzed using a linear mixed model.ResultsOur study found that PC1 presented a positive correlation with physical-related variables such as HIRD, HIRE, HSRD, and HSRE while PC2 was positively associated with the passing-related variables such as Pass, FPass, PassAcc, and FPAcc. Therefore, PC1 typically represents intense-play styles while PC2 represents possession-play styles at home and away matches, respectively. In addition, strong teams preferred to utilize intensity play whereas medium and weak teams utilized possession play whenever playing at home or away matches. Furthermore, the first five teams in the final overall ranking in the CSL presented a compensated technical-physical playing style whereas the last five teams showed inferior performance in terms of intensity and possession play.ConclusionIntensity or possession play was associated with the final overall ranking in the CSL, and playing styles that combine these two factors could be more liable to win the competition. Our study provides a detailed explanation for the impact of playing styles on match performances whereby coaches can adjust and combine different playing styles for ultimate success.
Self-efficacy and positive coping mediate the relationship between social support and resilience in patients undergoing lung cancer treatment: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Yin Yizhen , Lyu Mengmeng , Chen Yiping , Zhang Jie , Li Hui , Li Huiyuan , Xia Guili , Zhang Jingping 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundThe prognosis of patients undergoing lung cancer treatment might be influenced by mental health status. Resilience is one of the important predictors to reflect the mental health status. It has been shown that patients with higher levels of social support, self-care self-efficacy, and positive coping have greater resilience. This study aimed to determine the mediating role of self-efficacy and positive coping in the relationship between social support and psychological resilience in patients with lung cancer.MethodThis is a cross-sectional study that was conducted in in the oncology departments and thoracic surgical wards of four tertiary hospitals in Hunan Province, China, between November 2016 and November 2017. Three hundred and three patients who were undergoing treatment for lung cancer volunteered their participation in the study. Participants completed questionnaires, including the Chinese version of the Perceived Social Support Seale Scale, the Chinese version of Strategies Used by People to Promote Health Scale, and the Chinese version of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale.ResultsMediation analysis indicated that self-care self-efficacy and social support partially mediate the effect of social support on resilience. Direct paths from social support to self-efficacy, self-efficacy to positive coping, positive coping to psychological resilience, self-efficacy to psychological resilience, and social support to psychological resilience were significant (p &lt; 0.001). The indirect paths from social support to self-efficacy and self-efficacy to psychological resilience were also significant. The chain mediation from social support to self-efficacy, self-efficacy to positive coping, and positive coping to resilience were significant.ConclusionSelf-efficacy and positive coping play an important role in the relationship between social support and resilience in patients receiving cancer treatment. Social support not only directly influenced psychological resilience but also indirectly influenced psychological resilience through self-efficacy and positive coping.
Consistency analysis and conversion model establishment of mini-mental state examination and montreal cognitive assessment in Chinese patients with Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Zhou Lu , Lin Zhichuan , Jiao Bin , Liao Xinxin , Zhou Yafang , Li Hui , Shen Lu , Weng Ling 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundThe Chinese version of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE-C) and the Beijing version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA-BJ) are the most commonly used scales to screen for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) among Chinese patients; however, their consistency varies according to populations and languages. Equivalent conversion of MMSE-C and MoCA-BJ scores is important for meta-analysis.Materials and methodsMMSE-C and MoCA-BJ scoring were performed on the enrolled patients with AD (n = 332). Consistency analysis of MMSE-C and MoCA-BJ scores of patients in the conversion groups was performed. The circle-arc method was used to convert the MMSE-C scores of the conversion groups into MoCA-BJ scores, and the conversion formula was generated. The MMSE-C data of the verification group was converted to MoCA-BJ according to the formula, and the consistency analysis of the original MoCA-BJ of the verification group and the converted MoCA-BJ was performed to verify the conversion model.ResultsThe results of the consistency analysis of MMSE-C and MoCA-BJ in group A showed that the correlation coefficients of the total group, high education years subgroup, medium education years subgroup, and low education years subgroup were 0.905 (P &lt; 0.001), 0.874 (P &lt; 0.001), 0.949 (P &lt; 0.001), and 0.874 (P &lt; 0.001), respectively, with high consistency and statistical significance. After applying the circle-arc method for equivalent conversion, the consistency analysis results of the original and the converted MoCA-BJ of the patients in group B of the total group, high education years subgroup, medium education years subgroup, and low education years subgroup were 0.891 (P &lt; 0.001), 0.894 (P &lt; 0.001), 0.781 (P &lt; 0.001), 0.909 (P &lt; 0.001), respectively, with high consistency and statistical significance.ConclusionWe established and validated a model of MMSE-C and MoCA-BJ score conversion for Chinese patients with AD using the circle-arc method. This model could be useful for multi-centers clinical trials and meta-analysis.
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for psychiatric symptoms in long-term hospitalized veterans with schizophrenia: A randomized double-blind controlled trial
Authors: Su Xiuru , Zhao Long , Shang Yujie , Chen Yingnan , Liu Xiaowen , Wang Xuan , Xiu Meihong , Yu Huijing , Liu Lijun 
Published: September 2022

Multiple lines of evidence demonstrate that high-frequency (HF) repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) may improve clinical outcomes in patients with schizophrenia (SCZ). However, the efficacy of HF-rTMS on psychiatric symptoms remains unknown in veterans with SCZ. This study aimed to investigate whether HF-rTMS was beneficial in alleviating the clinical symptoms in veterans with SCZ. Forty-seven long-term hospitalized veterans with SCZ were randomly allocated to receive neuronavigated 10 Hz rTMS or sham stimulation over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex once daily for four consecutive weeks. Symptoms were assessed by using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale at baseline and at the end of week 4. We also collected easily available routine biochemical markers including blood sugar, lipid profiles, hormone, and blood cell counts, considering that these markers may potentially be used to predict the outcomes of rTMS treatment. We found that there was a significant interaction effect of time and group on the positive symptoms. Compared with the sham group, the positive factor score of veterans with SCZ was significantly decreased after treatment in the real rTMS group. Interestingly, the improvement of positive symptoms from baseline to 4-week follow-up was significantly associated with the whole white blood cells (WBC) counts at baseline in the real rTMS group, and baseline WBC counts were predictive of the symptom improvement after rTMS treatment. Our findings indicate that add-on 10 Hz rTMS is beneficial for clinical symptoms in veterans with SCZ. In addition, the baseline WBC counts were predictive of the outcomes after treatment.Clinical trial registrationclinicaltrials.gov, identifier NCT03774927.
Online guided meditation training (Isha Kriya) improves self-reported symptoms of anxiety and depression within 2 weeks of practice—An observational study
Authors: Hariri Sepideh , Vishnubhotla Ramana V. , Reed Preeti Upadhyay , Rayapuraju Akila , Orui Hibiki , Balachundhar Pavitra , Sadhasivam Senthilkumar , Subramaniam Balachundhar 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionAnxiety and depression have increased dramatically 2–3-fold with the COVID-19 pandemic. There is an urgent need for safe, cost-effective, and scalable approaches to alleviate this parallel mental health pandemic. Meditation has previously been shown to reduce stress, anxiety, and depression symptoms. Furthermore, online delivery of mind-body interventions will be impactful in addressing disparities in access to mental healthcare. In this observational pilot study, we investigate the impact of a digitally delivered guided meditation followed by daily practice on symptoms of anxiety and depression.MethodsInitially, 57 male and 202 female subjects enrolled in this study. Participants attended a webinar where they learned the Isha Kriya meditation practice. They were subsequently requested to perform the intervention daily for 6 weeks. Subjects were given scales to assess anxiety and depression at baseline, 2, 4, and 6 weeks following the training. The changes in the self-reported anxiety and depression scores were examined by the linear mixed effect models.ResultsParticipants completed survey responses for the following time points: baseline (n = 82), week 2 (n = 58), week 4 (n = 37), and week 6 (n = 28). During the 6 weeks of the study over 68% of subjects were compliant with their daily practice. When comparing baseline with week 2, the mean anxiety scores decreased from 25.4 to 16.8 (p &lt; 0.01, d = 1.31). Similarly, mean depression scores decreased from 15 to 8.81 (p &lt; 0.01, d = 0.9). The reduced scores for both anxiety and depression were maintained at weeks 4 and 6.ConclusionThis preliminary study assesses the effectiveness of online meditation training on self-reported symptoms of anxiety and depression. After 2 weeks of practice, those with baseline anxiety and depression showed significant improvement with a large effect size. The results from weeks 4 and 6 show sustained reduced anxiety and depression symptoms. These findings suggest that daily Isha Kriya practice could alleviate symptoms of these conditions. Future studies utilizing randomized control trials should be conducted to rigorously evaluate the benefits of this meditation practice on anxiety and depression.Trials registrationClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: NCT05065476.
Association between microbiological risk factors and neurodegenerative disorders: An umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses
Authors: Wang Xin , Jiang Deming , Li Tianxiong , Zhang Xiao , Wang Ran , Gao Song , Yang Fengyi , Wang Yan , Tian Qi , Xie Chunrong , Liang Jinghong 
Published: September 2022

The role of microbiological factors in the development of neurodegenerative diseases is attracting increasing attention, while the relationship remains debated. This study aimed to comprehensively summarize and evaluate the associations between microbiological factors and the risk of neurodegenerative disorders with an umbrella review. PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane library were used to search for papers from the earliest to March 2021 for identifying meta-analyses and systematic reviews that examined associations between microbiological factors and neurodegenerative diseases. AMSTAR2 tool was employed to evaluate the methodical quality of systematic reviews and meta-analyses. The effect size and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were recalculated with a random effect model after the overlap was recognized by the corrected covered area (CCA) method. The heterogeneity of each meta-analysis was measured by the I2 statistic and 95% prediction interval (95% PI). Additionally, publication bias and the quality of evidence were evaluated for all 37 unique associations. Only 4 associations had above the medium level of evidence, and the rest associations presented a low level of evidence. Among them, helicobacter pylori (HP), infection, and bacteria are associated with Parkinson's disease (PD), and the other one verifies that periodontal disease is a risk factor for all types of dementia. Following the evidence of our study, eradication of HP and aggressive treatment of periodontitis are beneficial for the prevention of PD and dementia, respectively. This umbrella review provides comprehensive quality-grade evidence on the relationship between microbial factors and neurodegenerative disease. Regardless of much evidence linking microbial factors to neurodegenerative diseases, these associations are not necessarily causal, and the evidence level is generally low. Thus, more effective studies are required.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/#searchadvanced, PROSPERO, identifier: CRD42021239512.
Association between age and the presence and mortality of breast cancer synchronous brain metastases in the United States: A neglected SEER analysis
Authors: Che Wenqiang , Wang Yujiao , Wang Xiangyu , Lyu Jun 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundThe extent of the relationship between age and the presence of breast cancer synchronous brain metastases (BCSBMs) and mortality has not yet been well-identified or sufficiently quantified. We aimed to examine the association of age with the presence of BCSBMs and all-cause and cancer-specific mortality outcomes using the SEER database.MethodsAge-associated risk of the presence and survival of BCSBMs were evaluated on a continuous scale (restricted cubic spline, RCS) with logistic or Cox regression models. The main endpoints were the presence of BCSBMs and all-cause mortality or cancer-specific mortality. Cox proportional hazards regression and competing risk models were used in survival analysis.ResultsAmong 374,132 adult breast cancer patients, 1,441 (0.38%) had BMs. The presence of BCSBMs displayed a U-shaped relationship with age, with the highest point of the curve occurring at the age of 62. In both the younger (age ≤ 61) and older (age ≥ 62) groups, the observed curve showed a nearly linear relationship between age and the presence of BCSBMs. The relationship between age and all-cause mortality (ASM) and cancer-specific mortality (CSM) was linear. Older age at diagnosis was associated with a higher risk of ASM (HR 1.019, 95% CI: 1.013–1.024, p &lt; 0.001) and CSM (HR 1.016, 95% CI: 1.010–1.023, p &lt; 0.001) in multivariable Cox models. Age (sHR 1.007, 95% CI 1–1.013, p = 0.049) was substantially related to a significantly increased risk of CSM in competing risk models.ConclusionAge had a non-linear U-shaped relationship with the presence of BCSBMs and a linear relationship with BCSBMs mortality.
Developing a guideline for measuring workplace non-Gaussian noise exposure based on kurtosis adjustment of noise level in China
Authors: Zhang Meibian , Hu Yong , Qiu Wei , Gao Xiangjing , Zeng Anke , Shi Zhihao , Xin Jiarui , Bai Shixing , Sun Xin 
Published: September 2022

ObjectiveThere is no unified standard for measuring workplace non-Gaussian noise (known as complex noise) exposure. This study aimed to develop a draft guideline for measuring workplace non-Gaussian complex noise exposure based on noise temporal structure adjustment.MethodsNoise exposure level, e.g., the A-weighted sound pressure level normalized to a nominal 8-h working day (LEX,8h), was adjusted using the temporal structure (expressed by kurtosis) of noise. Noise waveform analysis or the instrument's direct reading was used.ResultsThe framework of the draft guideline included measurement metrics, the protocol using kurtosis to adjust LEX,8h, technical requirements for measuring instruments, measurement steps, data analysis, and measurement recording.ConclusionThe draft guideline could provide a basis for accurately measuring workers' exposure to non-Gaussian noise.
Machine learning models including insulin resistance indexes for predicting liver stiffness in United States population: Data from NHANES
Authors: Han Kexing , Tan Kexuan , Shen Jiapei , Gu Yuting , Wang Zilong , He Jiayu , Kang Luyang , Sun Weijie , Gao Long , Gao Yufeng 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundPrevention and treatment of liver fibrosis at an early stage is of great prognostic importance, whereas changes in liver stiffness are often overlooked in patients before the onset of obvious clinical symptoms. Recognition of liver fibrosis at an early stage is therefore essential.ObjectiveAn XGBoost machine learning model was constructed to predict participants' liver stiffness measures (LSM) from general characteristic information, blood test metrics and insulin resistance-related indexes, and to compare the fit efficacy of different datasets for LSM.MethodsAll data were obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) for the time interval January 2017 to March 2020. Participants' general characteristics, Liver Ultrasound Transient Elastography (LUTE) information, indicators of blood tests and insulin resistance-related indexes were collected, including homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and metabolic score for insulin resistance (METS-IR). Three datasets were generated based on the above information, respectively named dataset A (without the insulin resistance-related indexes as predictor variables), dataset B (with METS-IR as a predictor variable) and dataset C (with HOMA-IR as a predictor variable). XGBoost regression was used in the three datasets to construct machine learning models to predict LSM in participants. A random split was used to divide all participants included in the study into training and validation cohorts in a 3:1 ratio, and models were developed in the training cohort and validated with the validation cohort.ResultsA total of 3,564 participants were included in this study, 2,376 in the training cohort and 1,188 in the validation cohort, and all information was not statistically significantly different between the two cohorts (p &gt; 0.05). In the training cohort, datasets A and B both had better predictive efficacy than dataset C for participants' LSM, with dataset B having the best fitting efficacy [±1.96 standard error (SD), (-1.49,1.48) kPa], which was similarly validated in the validation cohort [±1.96 SD, (-1.56,1.56) kPa].ConclusionsXGBoost machine learning models built from general characteristic information and clinically accessible blood test indicators are practicable for predicting LSM in participants, and a dataset that included METS-IR as a predictor variable would improve the accuracy and stability of the models.
Evolution of benzodiazepine receptor agonist prescriptions in general practice: A registry-based study
Authors: Coteur Kristien , Mamouris Pavlos , Vaes Bert , Van Nuland Marc , Matheï Catharina , Schoenmakers Birgitte 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundContrary to most European guidelines, benzodiazepine receptor agonists (BZRA) are often used continuously at a low dosage, being the most common form of long-term use. In Belgium, BZRA use is monitored by analyzing self-report data about medication use in the last 24 h. This method provides insufficient insight into the terms of use of these psychoactive drugs.AimTo describe trends in BZRA prescribing in Flanders, Belgium, between 2000 and 2019.Design and settingPopulation-based trend analysis and a case-control study for the year 2019 were done with data from a morbidity registry in general practice.MethodsRepeated cross-sectional and joinpoint regression analyses revealed trends in sex- and age-standardized prescription rates among adult patients (18+).ResultsOverall, BZRA prescriptions increased. The highest overall increase was found among male patients 18–44 years old, with an average annual percentage change of 2.5 (95% CI: 0.9, 4.3). Among 65+ female patients, a decrease was found since 2006, with an annual percentage change of −0.7 (95% CI: −1.3, −0.1). In 2019, 12% of registered patients received minimally one prescription, long-term use was observed in 5%, back pain was the most common morbidity significantly associated with a rise in BZRA prescriptions, and zolpidem was the most prescribed BZRA (22%).ConclusionDespite some statistically significant decreasing trends, an overall increase in BZRA prescriptions was observed throughout the 19-year study period, especially among long-term users of 18–44 years and 65-plus. Zolpidem became the most prescribed BZRA and warrants more attention.