bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evidence-Based Practice: Efektivitas Metode Horizontal dan Roll Terhadap Penurunan Indeks Plak Gigi
Authors: Enisah Enisah , Maryani Ai , Toscania Annafis N. , Hendrawati Dian , Rachmawati Evi , Lugina Gira , Melianawati Lina , Kulsum Maria U. , Arief Risca , Suparji Suparji , Pramanik Yulia R. 
Published: January 2022

Kasus anak dengan karies gigi anak kelas 1 sampai kelas 3 di Sekolah Dasar (SD) Muhammadiyah 2 Kelurahan Kebon Jayanti Kota Bandung yaitu 69 anak dari 87 anak (79,31 persen) dari total jumlah murid kelas tersebut. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu systematic review mengenai efektifitas menyikat gigi metode horizontal dan roll terhadap penurunan indeks plak sebagai evidence-based practice (EBP). Metode penelitian menggunakan Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) Systematic Review yang terdiri dari 11 daftar pertanyaan. Pembuatan rumusan pertanyaan klinis menggunakan format PICOT. Hasil systematic review diperoleh sebanyak 3 bukti dari hasil penelitian. Nilai CASP Systematic Review sebesar 77 persen dan memiliki level of evidence 3, karena penelitian tersebut menggunakan desain studi quasi experiment. Metode horizontal lebih efektif dibandingkan dengan metode roll dalam menurunkan indeks plak pada gigi pada anak usia sekolah dasar. Metode horizontal dapat diaplikasikan untuk menurunkan indeks plak pada siswa kelas 1 sampai 3 di SD Muhammadiyah 2 Kelurahan Kebonjayanti Kota Bandung. Abstract: The case of children with dental caries in grade 1 to 3 at Elementary School (SD) Muhammadiyah 2, Kelurahan Kebonjayanti, Bandung City, namely 69 out of 87 children (79.31 percent) of the total number of students. The objective of this systematic review is to obtain the effectiveness of horizontal and roll brushing methods on the reduction of the teeth plaque index as evidence-based practice (EBP). The research method uses the Critical Appraisal Skills Program (CASP) Systematic Review which consists of 11 lists of questions. Formulation of clinical questions using the PICOT format. The results of the systematic review obtained as much as 3 evidence from the research results. The CASP Systematic Review score is 77 percent and has a level of evidence 3 because this research uses a quasi-experimental study design. The horizontal method is more than the roll method in reducing the plaque index on teeth in children. It can be applied to reduce the plaque index in grade 1 to 3 at SD Muhammadiyah 2, Kelurahan Kebonjayanti, Bandung City.
Penerapan Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point Pada Penyelenggaraan Masakan Rendang (Faktor Fisik dan Kimia)
Authors: Irmayanti Dasyu 
Published: January 2022

The process of cooking beef rendang takes a long time. Food safety of rendang quality can be guaranteed by the effectiveness of the Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) system to the prevention of food contamination from hazard potential by identifying critical control points at all cooking step processes. The purpose of the research is to know HACCP Implementations of Rendang dish at Padang X restaurant in Bandar Lampung 2020. This is qualitative research with an observational descriptive approach. The informant of research is supervisor, chef, assistant of chef, and waitress. Selection of informants by purposive sampling technic. The analysis of research is using the HACCP principal and Miles and Huberman Theory. The physical factors of critical control points: unclean kitchen sanitation and bad personal hygiene of food handler. The chemical of critical control points is using plastic packaging and equipment washing fluids. Based on research to the owner of Padang X restaurant recommended increasing food safety quality to make HACCP team and good practicing of personal hygienes. ABSTRAK: Rendang dari daging sapi diolah dengan proses memasak yang cukup lama. Keamanan pangan masakan rendang dapat terjamin kualitasnya dengan adanya penerapan sistem Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) yang efektif untuk melakukan pencegahan kontaminasi makanan dari bahaya potensial dengan mengidentifikasi titik kendali kritis di setiap tahapan proses pengolahan masakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana penerapan HACCP dari pengolahan masakan rendang yang diproduksi Rumah Makan Padang X di Bandar Lampung Tahun 2020. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif observasional. Informan penelitian ini: Supervisor, Ketua Juru Masak (chef), Asisten Juru Masak, dan Pramusaji. Pemilihan informan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Analisis penelitian menggunakan prinsip HACCP dan teori dari Miles dan Huberman. Titik kendali kritis faktor fisik berupa sanitasi dapur yang tidak bersih dan personal hygiene penjamah makanan yang belum baik. Faktor kimia memiliki titik kendali kritis pada penggunaan kemasan plastik dan cairan pencuci peralatan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, pemilik rumah makan padang disarankan untuk meningkatkan kualitas keamanan pangan dengan membentuk tim HACCP dan penjamah makanan dapat membiasakan personal hygiene yang baik dan benar.
Ivermectin dan Covid-19: Sebuah Tinjauan Literatur
Authors: Wijaya Henry , Saraswati Niluh Ayu Sri , Amanda Devinqa Adhimah 
Published: January 2022

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious disease that has been declared a pandemic by WHO and has become a case of a health emergency in the world. This disease is caused by the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) which was first identified in China. Until now, various studies have been conducted to find the most effective drug in eradicating this pandemic. Ivermectin, an anti-parasitic drug, is known to have antiviral properties by inhibiting the entry of viruses into the cells. On this basis, Ivermectin is believed to be capable of being one of the COVID-19 therapies. This literature review is a review of emerging cases, namely COVID-19 and its relation to Ivermectin, using the published data obtained through Google Scholar, PubMed, and WHO dataIvermectin, a parasitic agent that has been approved by the FDA, was able to prevent viral proteins from entering the host cell nucleus. Ivermectin was also shown to be able to accelerate viral clearance in the body compared to the placebo group and show a significant reduction in CRP and LDH levels. Patients receiving ivermectin also showed a lower incidence of respiratory distress and a shorter duration of hospitalization. The administration of ivermectin as a COVID-19 drug can have a positive impact on patients both clinically and in the laboratory. ABSTRAK: Penyakit coronavirus (COVID-19) adalah suatu penyakit infeksi yang telah diumumkan sebagai suatu pandemi oleh WHO dan menjadi kasus gawat darurat kesehatan di dunia. Penyakit ini disebabkan oleh novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) yang pertama kali di China. Hingga saat ini berbagai penelitian telah dijalankan untuk menemukan obat yang paling efektif dalam membasmi pandemi ini. Ivermectin, obat anti parasit, diketahui memiliki sifat anti virus dengan cara menghambat proses masuknya virus ke dalam sel tubuh. Dengan dasar ini, Ivermectin dipercayai mampu menjadi salah satu terapi COVID-19. Tinjauan literatur ini merupakan sebuah tinjauan kasus emerging yakni COVID-19 dan kaitannya dengan Ivermectin, dimana sumber tulisan didapatkan melalui data google cendekia, PubMed, dan WHO. Ivermectin, suatu agen parasit yang telah disetujui oleh FDA, mampu mencegah protein virus masuk ke dalam nukleus sel host. Ivermectin juga dibuktikan mampu mempercepat klirens virus di dalam tubuh dibandingkan dengan kelompok placebo dan menunjukkan penurunan yang signifikan pada kadar CRP dan LDH. Pasien-pasien yang mendapatkan ivermectin juga menunjukkan angka kejadian distres nafas yang lebih rendah dan durasi rawat inap yang lebih singkat. Pemberian ivermectin sebagai obat COVID-19 mampu memberikan dampak yang positif kepada pasien baik secara klinis maupun laboratorium.
Stadium, Diagnosis, dan Tatalaksana Penyakit Alzheimer
Authors: Sianturi Aditya Gloria Monalisa 
Published: January 2022

Dementia is a general term for loss of memory that can occur along with behavioral or psychological symptoms in patients. The first cause of dementia patients is Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimer’s disease is a brain degenerative disease and the most common cause of dementia. In Alzheimer’s disease, there are three development stages, which is stage 1, stage 2, and stage 3 with different clinical symptoms at each stage. There are several clinical criteria for establishing a definitive diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease and also support examinations have to be carried out. Until now, Alzheimer’s treatment has not been cured. Giving some pharmacotherapy only to reduce the progression of Alzheimer’s disease.

Demensia merupakan hilangnya ingatan yang bisa timbul bersama dengan gejala gangguan perilaku maupun psikologis pada seseorang. Penyebab pertama penderita demensia adalah penyakit Alzheimer. Penyakit Alzheimer adalah penyakit degeneratif otak dan penyebab paling umum dari demensia. Pada penyakit Alzheimer terdapat beberapa stadium perkembangan penyakit Alzheimer yaitu stadium 1, stadium 2, dan stadium 3 dengan gejala klinik yang berbeda di setiap stadium. Terdapat beberapa kriteria klinis dalam penegakan diagnosis definitif penyakit Alzheimer serta harus dilakukan pemeriksaan penunjang. Pada tatalaksana penyakit Alzheimer hingga saat ini memang belum dapat disembuhkan, Pemberian obat-obatan hanya untuk mengurangi progresifitas penyakit Alzheimer.
Early detection of Fetal Acrania on first-trimester sonography: a case report
Authors: Sanjaya I Nyoman Hariyasa , Pemayun Cokorda Istri Mirayani , Pirgantari Ni Komang Anik , Sakuntari Made Diah Vendita , Purwanti Ni Wayan Dewi , Gianni NI Putu Nining , Putri Ni Luh Made Diah Mas Cahyani , Satriani Ni Luh Md Dwi Laxmi , Mintariani Firsta Sesarina , Padmawati Ni Luh Putu Yulia , Agustini Anak Agung Wahyu Putri 
Published: January 2022

Introduction. Fetal Acrania is a rare fetal malformation characterized by the complete or partial absence of a skull covering the fetal brain. In the absence of a hard covering of the soft brain tissue, Acrania is known as a universally lethal malformation. Here we present a Fetal Acrania case detected by sonographic examination at our Center.
Case Description. A 36 years old female was referred to the obstetric department to undergo an in-depth sonographic evaluation as a previous examination reveals a potential congenital fetal anomaly. Our sonographic evaluation revealed a singleton, live fetus, 12 weeks gestational age in cephalic presentation and longitudinal lie. One obvious malformation was a well-formed fetal brain without the surrounding cranium (Acrania). The absence of cranium was the main and only malformation. The absence of cranium was evident as the fetal brain was easily compressed on probe pressure, and the brain appeared like floating in the amniotic fluid over the base of the skull. Therapeutic abortion was carried out. The termination was conducted by administering four tablets of 200 mcg misoprostol sublingually and repeated 24 hours later. No adverse reaction or complication on termination. The aborted fetal examination confirmed the lack of fetal cranium.
Conclusion. Although seemingly obvious, the first-trimester diagnosis of fetal Acrania must be made with caution as the fetal cranium is not fully calcified before 10- 11 weeks. As Acrania is a universally lethal malformation, therapeutic abortion is indicated.
BANKS LIQUIDITY RATIO AND RETURN ON EQUITY OF NIGERIA DEPOSIT MONEY BANK IN NIGERIA
Authors: Akinroluyo, Bankole Isaac , Dimgba Chidinma 
Published: January 2022

This study investigated banks liquidity ratio and return on equity of Nigeria deposit money bank in Nigeria in which banks liquidity ratio and return on equity of Nigeria deposit money bank and effect of acid-test-ratio on banks financial leverage were examined. The study population of the study comprised Nigeria deposit money banks listed on the floor of Nigeria Stock Exchange as at 2021. Sample of bank selected was Zenith Plc, Guaranty Trust Bank Plc (GTB), First Bank Nigeria Limited, Access Bank Plc, and United Bank for Africa Plc based on global ranking order and the fact that they are listed on Nigeria Stock Exchange. To determine the effect of banks liquidity ratio and return on equity of Nigeria deposit money bank, Panel Ordinary Least Square (OLS) regression model was employed to analyze the data collected for the period of 2006-2020. The findings of this study revealed coefficient of 0.049927 which implies 1% change in current ratio would result to 4% increase change in operating efficiency and p-value of 0.0183 shows that current ratio has statistical significant effect on operational efficiency of the selected banks within the period under study; coefficient of 0.023031 implies 1% increase change in acid test ratio (ATC) would lead to 2% increase change in bank’s financial leverage of the selected DMBs, p-value of 0.01433 shows that acid test ratio has statistical significant effect on financial leverage of the selected banks within the period under study. The study recommends that the study recommends Nigerian banks should strive to maintain optimal liquidity ratio to achieve efficiency in its operations and reduce operational expenses to the barest minimal.
Keywords: Liquidity Ratio, Return on Equity, Current Ratio, Operational Efficiency, Acid Test Ratio and Financial Leverage.
Marx, ciencia de la contingencia
Authors: Stark Alejo 
Published: January 2022

En su libro On the Nature of Marx’s Things Jacques Lezra hereda otro Marx, y otro materialismo. Un materialismo aleatorio, un materialismo de la contingencia dinámica de Marx y sus “cosas”. Tal “corriente subterránea” del materialismo aleatorio es excavada por Lezra en su desvío por las cartas, cuadernos y notas “privadas” de un joven Marx que trabajaba en su tesis de doctorado. Siguiendo el hilo necrofilológico de Lezra, que se topa con Lucrecio y sus “cosas,” encontramos que, paralelamente, Marx también busca un concepto de ciencia en su tesis: lo que tentativamente nombramos ciencia de la contingencia. Ciencia, no ya disciplinaria, que abre la posibilidad de una alianza con el materialismo performativo de Karen Barad que desplaza el humanismo de los “nuevos materialismos” desde una reflexión critica que piensa a la par de otra ciencia de la contingencia, también de cierta herencia lucreciana, con la cual Marx no llegó a pensar: la mecánica cuántica.
En su libro On the Nature of Marx’s Things Jacques Lezra hereda otro Marx, y otro materialismo. Un materialismo aleatorio, un materialismo de la contingencia dinámica de Marx y sus “cosas”. Tal “corriente subterránea” del materialismo aleatorio es excavada por Lezra en su desvío por las cartas, cuadernos y notas “privadas” de un joven Marx que trabajaba en su tesis de doctorado. Siguiendo el hilo necrofilológico de Lezra, que se topa con Lucrecio y sus “cosas,” encontramos que, paralelamente, Marx también busca un concepto de ciencia en su tesis: lo que tentativamente nombramos ciencia de la contingencia. Ciencia, no ya disciplinaria, que abre la posibilidad de una alianza con el materialismo performativo de Karen Barad que desplaza el humanismo de los “nuevos materialismos” desde una reflexión critica que piensa a la par de otra ciencia de la contingencia, también de cierta herencia lucreciana, con la cual Marx no llegó a pensar: la mecánica cuántica.
Climate change over India as revealed by critical extreme temperature analysis
Authors: RAO G. S. PRAKASA , MURTY M. KRISHNA , JOSHI U. R. , THAPLIYAL V. 
Published: January 2022

Extreme weather events such as high and low temperatures, heavy rainfall etc. claim thousands of lives and cause extensive damage to natural and regional economy. According to a report of the Bureau of Canada (Ungar 1999) there were no natural disasters before 1987 which caused insured losses of more than US $ 1 billion. During the past decade there have been 18 such disasters. The finding supports the fact that the impacts of these extreme events in terms of economic losses are increasing.
The paper presents a study of critical extreme maximum/minimum temperature days for 103 well distributed stations over the country for a data period of 30 years from 1971-2000. The trends are studied separately for stations south of 20° N, north of 20° N, coastal stations and NE Indian stations by using least square method and the significance is tested using t-statistic. The results are presented.
Association of Mortality and Charlson Comorbidity Index in Surgical Spinal Trauma Patients at a Level I Academic Center
Authors: McGee Andrew , Levitt Eli B. , Prather John C. , Crowther Doug , McGwin Gerald , Theiss Steven 
Published: January 2022

Objectives:
The Charlson Comorbidity Index score (CCI) records the presence of comorbidities with various weights for a total score to estimate mortality within 1 year of hospital admission. Our study sought to assess the association of CCI with mortality rates of patients undergoing surgical intervention.

Study Design:
Retrospective study.

Methods:
Retrospective study of patients with surgical spinal trauma at a large academic level I trauma tertiary center from 2015 to 2018. Information collected included age, sex, American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status, body mass index, Charlson comorbidities, injury severity score, the presence of spinal cord injury, and mortality. Mortality was measured at 30 days, 90 days, and 1 year. Descriptive and bivariate analyses were completed. The results were significant at P < 0.05.

Results:
The highest proportion of 1-year mortality was in the patients with cervical (11.3%) and thoracolumbar injuries (7.4%) (P = 0.002). Patients with low CCI had low 1-year mortality (1.7%). Patients with high CCI had high 1-year mortality (13.8%) (P < 0.001). A significant association existed between CCI and mortality at 30 days, 90 days, and 1 year (P < 0.001). Mortality was higher in patients with spinal cord injury (14/108; 13%) than in those without (11/232; 5%) (P = 0.021). No association existed between ISS and mortality (P = 0.26).

Discussion:
The CCI was associated with a higher proportion of deaths at 30 days, 90 days, and 1 year. This association may help predict this unfortunate complication and guide the surgical team in formulating treatment plans and counseling patients and families regarding mortality associated with these injuries and the risks of surgical intervention.
From Marital Property Law To Family Property Law
Authors: Barzó Tímea 
Published: January 2022

Although the legislator prefers the institution of marriage and accepts it as a form of family relationship, the system of family relationships has altered as a result of social changes, which can also be seen in the legal regulation. Therefore, the framework of previous thinking, which is almost exclusively based on matrimonial property rights, has been modified by the social and economic changes and the consequent constant change in regulation and attitudes. As a result, not only matrimonial property regimes but also the legal relationship between persons living in a registered partnership or de facto partnership, and their relationship with third parties are covered by matrimonial property law as well. Consequently, it is necessary to apply a new comprehensive terminology to these property relations, which is family property law.
However, it can also be stated that during the development of the family property regulation, the legislator sought to incorporate guarantees into the system during the analysis of the diversity of family relationships, which prevented the endangerment of family existence, the vulnerability of the weaker partner or the rights of minors belonging to the family. However, most of the protecting provisions in the family property law apply to persons living in a marriage (registered partnership), the property relations of de facto partners are less regulated, and they contain only partially, or under certain circumstances family protection standards, legal consequences, and safeguards. The reason of this is that the legislature protects and favours marriage in principle over the other two legally regulated forms of partnership, by which it encourages young people and couples to marriage which requires mutual responsibility, solidarity, and commitment.
Religious Education in the Public Sphere in Slovenia
Authors: Staničić Frane 
Published: January 2022

Slovenia is among the few European states that explicitly do not allow religious education in public schools. This rule is prescribed by the Organization and Financing of Upbringing and Education Act (Education Act), which explicitly prohibits all religious activities in public schools. It prohibits any other kind of denominational activity in public schools and kindergartens. Several Slovene authors have argued that the area of education runs a high risk of either remaining or becoming a battlefield for ideological disputes. This study analyses the Slovenian legal regulation of religious education in public schools. First, the Slovenian model of state–church relations is explained. Then, a brief overview of the historical regulation of religious education in Slovenia’s public schools is provided in order to enable a clear understanding of current regulations.
Some Remarks on the ‘Shechita Case’ of the ECJ
Authors: Marinkás György 
Published: January 2022

This study strives to answer why the European Court of Justice’s (ECJ) ‘Centraal Israëlitisch Consistorie van België’ judgment, delivered on 17 December 2020, triggered heated reactions. Similarly, sharp criticisms were articulated regarding the recent decision of the Belgian Constitutional Court (Grondwettelijk Hof), where the Court upheld the national legislation on the ban of slaughter without prior stunning per the aforementioned ECJ judgment. This study examines the historic, theological, and scientific background of shechita and halal slaughter with reference to the aforementioned framework. Furthermore, the study strives to introduce the pros and cons of the issue to help the reader decide whether the ritual slaughter — the slaughter of animals without prior stunning but following certain rules aimed at sparing animals from useless suffering — is as humane as the modern non-religious method, where the slaughter is conducted with prior stunning. This study also examines the different theological interpretations on the acceptability of stunning animals before slaughter. In the second part, the study briefly introduces the freedom of religion-related case law of the European Court of Human Rights, and thoroughly analyses its Cha’are Shalom ve Tsedek decision. Moreover, it examines the ECJ’s two ritual slaughter cases, namely the Liga van Moskeeën and Œuvre d’assistance cases, which preceded the Centraal Israëlitisch Consistorie van België case. As a brief excursus into the jurisprudence of the national constitutional courts, this study also introduces two cases brought by the constitutional courts of Germany and Poland. Finally, the third part thoroughly analyses the Advocate General’s opinion and the judgment delivered in the Centraal Israëlitisch Consistorie van België case of the ECJ to highlight the reasons for the different interpretations of the very same EU law.