bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antibacterial and phytochemical evaluations of Alternanthera repens (L.) and honey on Pseudomonas aeruginosa of clinical origin
Authors: Bello Olorunjuwon O. , Lebi Faith O. , Bello Temitope K. , Oluwafemi Yinka D. 
Published: July 2022

Context
Medicinal plants have long been used as a source of therapeutic agents worldwide, and herbal medicines have increasingly been employed in the treatment of diseases. Alternanthera repens is one of the underexploited plant species for its antimicrobial potentials.

Aims
This study aimed at investigating the antibacterial efficacy of the leaf and stem ethanolic extracts of A. repens and honey against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Materials and methods
The phytochemical analyses were performed on ethanolic plant extracts using the universal laboratory techniques for qualitative and quantitative determination. The agar-well diffusion method was used for the in-vitro antibacterial bioassay. The antibacterial activities of the honeys, ethanolic leaf and stem extracts, and antibiotics were compared. The minimum inhibitory concentrations and minimum bactericidal concentrations of the honeys and extracts were determined.

Statistical analysis used
The students' t-test was employed to determine the significant differences between the phytochemical constituents in the extracts and also the antibacterial activities of the ethanolic leaf and stem extracts against P. aeruginosa.

Results
Phytochemical screening showed the presence of total phenols, saponins, tannins, total flavonoids, alkaloids, cyanogenic glycosides, phytate, and terpenoids in the plant extracts. The extracts and honeys were able to inhibit the growth of the P. aeruginosa at varying concentrations (25, 50, 75, and 100%). The combinations of the honeys and ethanolic extracts of the plant parts exerted significantly higher antibacterial effects on P. aeruginosa.

Conclusion
The ethanolic extracts of A. repens possessed antibacterial properties against P. aeruginosa, which was more pronounced in combination with honey. The presence of various phytochemicals in the plant indicated its high potential for possible drug production.
A Research Protocol of an Observational Study on Efficacy of Microsoft Kinect Azure in Evaluation of Static Posture in Normal Healthy Population
Authors: Nurai Tamanna , Naqvi Waqar 
Published: July 2022

Background:
Recognition of human pose is very significant in studies involving human-computer interactions (HCIs). Microsoft's Kinect II or Microsoft's Kinect azure sensor in three-dimensional motion capturing systems shows a growing interest in vision-based HCI as they are low-cost. In this research, we introduced and ruled out the efficacy of Microsoft Kinect Azure in the evaluation of static coronal Posture in normal healthy population.

Methodology:
The research has been structured as an observational study. The total of 132 participants will be taken from AVBRH, Sawangi Meghe for study as per inclusion and exclusion criteria. With intervention the period of the study will be 6 months. It holds single period, concurrent validity evaluation comparing normal posture derived from the Kinect system.

Discussion:
This study protocol aims to evaluate the validity of the evaluation of normal human posture using Microsoft Kinect Azure. The study's expected outcome will concert on the evaluation of coronal Posture using Microsoft Kinect Azure in normal healthy population.
Exploring the Experiences of Maternal-Fetal Attachment Among Primigravida Women
Authors: Keithellakpam Memchoubi , Ray Suresh 
Published: July 2022

Background:
In India, in which the mortality rate for women is 130 per 100,000 live births and the neonatal mortality rate at 25.4 deaths per 1000 live births that makes it 12th worst among the 52 lower middle-income countries. Healthy maternal–fetal attachment (MFA) may serve to allow women to adopt optimal health practices earlier, thereby on a larger scale contribute toward the reduction of obstetric maternal and child morbidity and mortality. The objective of the study was to explore the experience of MFA among primigravida women.

Materials and Methods:
Qualitative approach was used and the research design adopted was hermeneutic phenomenology. Data were collected from six samples. The sampling technique used was the nonprobability purposive sampling technique. The tool consisted of demographic profile and a guiding questionnaire. The data were collected through one-to-one in-depth interview and field notes. To ensure the trustworthiness of the data credibility, transferability and dependability were done. The data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics, i.e., frequency and percentage for demographic variables, and thematic analysis for determining essential codes, subthemes, and themes through content analysis was used to analyze the data gathered through interview.

Results:
Out of six samples, 50% were in the age group of 18–25 years, 33.3% each studied up to secondary and graduation education, 83.3% were homemaker, no one with significant past medical and surgical history, 83.3% of them were in 36–40 weeks of gestation, all had a history of nausea and vomiting, and all women taken antenatal care information from health personnel. A total of 8 themes, 28 subthemes, and codes were generated. The themes emerged were experience as ready for change, feeling of life, social and family support, self-awareness, embracing motherhood, health promotional practices, hopeful anticipation, positivity, and gratitude.
Nail Changes in the Chronic Kidney Failure – A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Kabra Ruchita , Acharya Sourya , Shukla Samarth , Kumar Sunil 
Published: July 2022

Background:
Nail manifestations observed in chronic renal failure (CRF) patients are multifarious and heterogeneous in nature. The prime objective of the study is to evaluate the prevalence and features of various kinds of nail manifestations in the patients of CRF. CRF causes heterogeneous pathology of nail which may be or may not be associated with renal condition itself, complications related to it and its therapy.

Objective:
To study nail changes in the patients of CRF whether managing conservatively or on maintenance hemodialysis (HD).

Patients and Methods:
The study consists of 100 patients suffering from CRF. Nails of these 100 patients suffering from CRF were examined and different kinds of nails were appreciated and frequencies of the same type of nails in different patients were noted.

Results:
Nail changes found in chronic kidney disease are longitudinal ridges, half and half nails, leukonychia, pitting nails, onychomycosis, absence of lunula, splinter hemorrhage, and onycholysis as decreasing trend they observed.

Conclusions:
Nail changes that are seen on examination of patients with CRF managing on HD are very frequent and nail changes if found earlier can be an indicator for early diagnosis of systemic diseases.
Study of left ventricle hypertrophy, dilatation, and ejection fraction changes before and after kidney transplantation
Authors: Elkohly Noha Mohamed , Abdelfadeel Mohamed Abdelnasr Abdelkareem , Elsharqawy Eman Mohamed , Zeid Montasser Mohamed 
Published: July 2022

Background
People with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) are at risk of developing serious cardiovascular complications. Left ventricular hypertrophy is the most prevalent cardiac finding observed. Renal transplantation is the best renal replacement modality offered to these patients with an expected improvement in cardiovascular complications. The aim of this work the present study aims to compare changes in left ventricle hypertrophy, dilatation, and ejection fraction before and after kidney transplantation.

Patients and methods
This cross-sectional study included 30 renal transplant recipients. Echocardiography was performed for all patients before transplantation and 6–12 months after transplantation. Patients with a reported history of posttransplant rejection or heart failure were excluded from the study. All patients were on hemodialysis before transplantation, and the mean postrenal transplant duration was 10.33 ± 1.95 months. All patients received the same posttransplant immunosuppressive regimen.

Results
The mean left ventricular ejection fraction before and after renal transplantation was 59.70 ± 7.86 and 68.82 ± 7.93, respectively (P<0.001). The mean left ventricular mass index showed a significant improvement from 144.1 ± 44.15 before transplant to 115.1 ± 38.79 after transplant, with a P value of 0.002.

Conclusion
According to the results of this study, renal transplantation can improve left ventricle parameters in patients with ESRD.
Association of Autoimmune Thyroiditis with Latent Autoimmune Diabetes of Adults (LADA)
Authors: Sangma Himalina S. , Singh Anshul , Srivastava Anubha , Singh Ram Siya , Misra Vatsala 
Published: July 2022

Objective:
The aim of this work was to study the association of autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) in the patients of latent autoimmune diabetes of adult (LADA).

Materials and Methods:
The subjects included were more than 30 years of age, presenting with the deranged glycemic profile. After GAD65 autoantibody testing, they were grouped into LADA positive and LADA negative groups. Simultaneously, a thyroid workup for the presence of AIT was done.

Statistical Analysis:
The Student's unpaired t test and chi-square test (χ2 test) were used to test for the significance of the difference in AIT between LADA and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) subjects as applicable. A value of P < 0.05 was taken as significant.

Results:
A total of 77 patients were included in the study. The mean age was 48 ± 13 years and M:F ratio was 1:3. A high frequency of AIT was found in the LADA group (80%) when compared to the true T2DM group (35%). Mean values of both anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody (anti-TPO) and anti-thyroglobulin antibody (anti-TG) antibodies were found to be significantly different between LADA and T2DM. Percentage positivity for anti-TPO, anti-TG, as well as combined anti-TPO and anti-TG were also found to be significantly different.

Conclusion:
Based on the significant association of AIT with LADA found in our study, we recommend all AIT patients to undergo simultaneous screening for LADA for a multimodal treatment.
Patient Reported Attitude, Practice, Satisfaction, and Quality of Life on Insulin Degludec/Insulin Aspart
Authors: Kovil Rajiv 
Published: July 2022

Objective:
The study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude, practice, satisfaction, and quality of life (QoL) of adult patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) on insulin degludec/insulin aspart (IDegAsp).

Materials and Methods:
Data were collected through an online survey from patients with T2D being treated with IDegAsp at a single center in India.

Results:
Survey was completed by 247 participants. On the Likert scale, 1 to 5 (1: most difficult and 5: most easy), 41.6% and 26.6% scored 5 and 4, respectively, for ease of increasing or decreasing the dose. Most participants (n = 190) consulted a physician to adjust the dose; 53.3% and 28.8% scored 5 and 4, respectively, for a good experience while injecting IDegAsp; 89.8% of participants felt their QoL improved with a reduction in the number of pricks; 86.7% participants found it comfortable to inject IDegAsp in different social situations; 94.2% reported they could manage their day to day activities better after initiating IDegAsp. After initiating IDegAsp, the oral antidiabetic (OAD) pill burden reduced from three to one or two pills in 70% of patients.

Conclusions:
Our survey-based study shows the majority of participants found it easy to administer IDegAsp, inject IDegAsp in different social situations, they were able to increase and decrease the dose with ease, and benefited from reduced injection pricks and reduced OAD pill burden. The survey points towards a positive attitude towards achieving glycemic control with IDegAsp.
Prevalence Estimation of Diabetes Mellitus Among Tuberculosis Cases, Its Risk Factors, and Treatment Outcome in Rajkot City
Authors: Ranpariya Pooja N. , Solanki Harsha M. , Chudasama Rajesh K. 
Published: July 2022

Background:
Tuberculosis (TB) and diabetes mellitus (DM) are the world's leading public health issues. TB with DM co-morbidity adversely affects prognosis of individual diseases and its treatment outcome.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted at five TB units of Rajkot city for five quarters. Newly registered pulmonary TB (PTB) patients having DM during the study period were included as cases. All cases were followed up at the end of treatment to observe outcomes. Information was collected in a pretested proforma using the interview technique.

Results:
The prevalence of DM among PTB cases was 5%. Maximum cases were in 51–60 years (34.4%), male: female ratio was 3:1, living in urban slum (53.1%), literate (81.2%), and from middle socio-economic class (65.6%). One-fourth of the cases had family (28.1%) and past history (28.1%) of TB, and more than one-third (37.5%) of the cases had family history of DM. All cases were on daily drug adherence, and most of them (83%) were on regular follow-up. Significant association was observed with urban slum (P = 0.03) and family history of diabetes (P = 0.04) among cases. At the end of continuation phase, 82.8% of the cases were cured and 4.7% of the cases had completed treatment.

Conclusion:
The study reported 5% of DM among newly registered TB cases and family history of DM as its significant risk factor.
Knowledge and practices of health-care workers regarding face mask in hospital
Authors: Maradia Mitali , Patil Rupali , Gajjar Shivani 
Published: July 2022

Aim and Objective:
The aim of the study is to know the knowledge and practices of health-care workers regarding surgical face mask.

Materials and Methods:
This is a cross-sectional study. Mask plays a pivot role in the protection of health-care workers (HCWs) from acquiring respiratory infections, special during coronavirus-2019 outbreak. A self-constructed questionnaire that contains 10 question and answer (Q/A) regarding surgical face mask. These Q/A are for knowledge assessment of staff. We also conduct an observational survey which includes 6 points about practices of HCWs regarding face mask. The strata of personnel were included doctors, nurses, paramedical and others staff. Questions related to knowledge were in the form of multiple-choice questions with one correct answer. The knowledge–practices score was turn converted into percentage before the analysis of results – >80% score for good, 60%–80% moderate and <60% poor level knowledge.

Results:
Completed questionnaires were sent for statistical analysis. In our study, totally 109 HCWs were participated. In which (12) 11% doctors, (76) 70% nursing staff, (21) 19% paramedical staff covered. Out of which 95 (87%) were female and 14 (13%) were male. Most staff had work experience of 2–5 years. 74% staff were younger less than 30 years. Around 63% of participants knew about correct way of wearing a surgical face mask, 90% knew that there were 3 layers, 62% knew middle layer act as barrier, 64% knew the maximum duration of wearing it, 75% knew that cloth mask was not as effective as surgical mask. 88% knew that surgical mask can be reused. 87% knew surgical face mask discarded in yellow bag. 97% knew metal strip to fit nose. Majority 95% believe that mask is required in this situation. In practices, we observed 71% staff worn surgical mask, out of which 84% staff worn it correct way blue front. 9% staff worn filtering face piece type of mask, 20% staff worn cloth mask. 15% staff nose was not covered, 2.8% staff mouth was not covered, 28% staff metal strip was not pressed/fitted and 25% staff not tied their mask properly. During observation, three staff touched the front surface of mask.

Conclusion:
Knowledge and practices of HCWs regarding the use of surgical face mask were found to be good-to-moderate level.
A study on the prevalence of needle stick injuries among health-care workers of a tertiary care hospital in Aligarh
Authors: Khursheed Manal , Khan Fatima , Hashmi Zeeshan A. , Khan Haris M. , Sultan Asfia 
Published: July 2022

Context:
Globally, the reporting on the incidents of needle stick injuries (NSI) is far below the actual, and in hospitals which depend on their normal reporting systems, this figure may be up to ten times lower. NSIs can serve as a source of life-threatening infections; therefore, an insight into various factors that lead to it, along with the knowledge regarding prophylactic measures is important.

Aim:
The study aimed to develop an understanding of the causes and probability of NSI and knowledge of prophylactic measures among health-care workers (HCWs).

Settings and Design:
An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted.

Subjects and Methods:
A structured questionnaire was developed for the study.

Statistical Analysis Used:
IBM Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS), v22.0 was used.

Results:
A total of 255 HCW were recruited, which consisted of 129 doctors, 110 nurses, and 16 laboratory assistants. The results of the study found that 36.1% of the HCW suffered from NSI. Of the total reported needlestick injuries, the maximum was among the doctors and in the age group of 22–30 years. Only 35.9% had reported the incident. Injuries were mostly sustained to the fingers occurred during use in the morning shift. Majority of the HCW were aware of HBV transmissibility and were vaccinated against it. Although a substantial number (162) of HCW were aware to take post-exposure prophylaxis against HBV and HIV within 72 h, only 12% took prophylactic treatment against HIV.

Conclusions:
NSI prevention strategies should be strictly implemented at the workplace and followed during procedures.
Knowledge, attitude and practices of medical students regarding biomedical waste management
Authors: Khan Fatima , Khan Jowairiya Tehreem , Khursheed Manal , Sultan Asfia , Khan Haris M 
Published: July 2022

Context:
India generates around 3 million tonnes of medical wastes every year, an amount that is expected to grow at 8% annually. Improper handling of biomedical waste (BMW) can result in the spread of infections such as HIV-acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus in addition to being a burden on the environment. Segregation being the most important step in BMW management (BMWM) necessitates that people working in the health-care system are aware of its rules and regulations. Therefore, it is important to understand and explore any lacunae in knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding BMWM.

Aim:
The aim of this study is to develop an insight into the knowledge, attitude and practices of medical students regarding BMWM.

Settings and Design:
An institutional-based cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach was conducted.

Subjects and Methods:
A structured questionnaire prepared according to the knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) model.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Data were analysed by the IBM SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences), v20.0 software.

Results:
The participants' knowledge on BMWM was scored on a scale of 0–50. Thirty-six per cent of them scored in the range of 20–30, while 30.9% scored between 30 and 40. Three-fourths of them believed that it was important to be aware of BMW generation, hazards and legislation. About 87.09% opined that soft skills regarding BMWM should be a part of the curriculum for health-care students. About 76% of the respondents claimed to follow colour coding while discarding BMW. About 41.3% of the participants responded that they would report anyone found breaking the rules of BMWM.

Conclusions:
The study revealed that there is still a significant lack in the KAP of health-care students regarding BMWM.
The Burden of Geriatric Trauma at the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
Authors: Ogunrewo Tolulope , Alonge Oluwagbenga T. 
Published: July 2022

Background:
Geriatric populations presently account for 9% of the world population and this is expected to increase. Injuries to the elderly accounted for 5.8 million accident and emergency visits in the USA as well as 4% of patients treated for traumatic injuries in Abuja, Nigeria. Traumatic injury is therefore a major cause of morbidity in the elderly as such the need for the study in our environment.

Aims and Objectives:
The aim(s) of this article is to review the incidence and types of traumatic injury among elderly population who presented at the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria and to determine the causes of traumatic injury involving the geriatric age group in our environment.

Materials and Methods:
A retrospective hospital-based study involving the records of geriatric patients who presented with traumatic injuries between January 2014 and June 2021 at the geriatric center and the accident and emergency department of the hospital. The record was retrieved from the Total Quality Management Unit of the hospital.

Results:
About 7.61% of the traumatic injury that presented at the accident and emergency department within the study period involved geriatric patients with a male-to-female ratio of 1:1.08, whereas 0.3% of the patients for inpatient care at the geriatric center had traumatic injury. Fall was the most common cause of traumatic injury observed and fracture the most common traumatic injury observed.

Conclusion:
Less than 10% of the patients with traumatic injury who presented at the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria are in the geriatric age group. Most of the traumatic injury involving geriatric patients in our environment is due to low energy falls, and fracture is the most common injury observed, with the femur being the most affected bone. Therefore, interventions directed at reducing the incidence of falls in our environment will hopefully help in reducing the incidence of traumatic injuries in the older population.
Clinicopathological Profile of Central Nervous System Tumors in a Tertiary Hospital in Southwest Nigeria
Authors: Omon Henry Ehidiamen , Komolafe Edward O. , Olasode Babatunde J. , Ogunbameru Ronke , Adefidipe Adeyemi Abiola , Anele Christopher O. , Balogun Simon Adewale , Ajekwu Temitope O. 
Published: July 2022

Background:
Central nervous system tumors are a complex heterogeneous group of neoplasm comprising both benign and malignant tumors with varied patterns in clinical picture and histologic profile. There have been some similarities and differences seen in the pattern of clinicopathological profile worldwide, however, there is a paucity of study to show the pattern in Nigeria.

Aim:
This study aimed at describing the clinical and histopathological pattern of central nervous system tumors in our institution.

Materials and Methods:
This was a retrospective review of cases of central nervous tumors from 2010 to 2021. Information on clinical presentations and histopathology of the tumors were reviewed and analyzed.

Results:
We found 115 cases of central nervous system tumor with a mean age of 43.7 years and female preponderance. The most common presentations were headache (59 cases, 55.5%) for brain tumors and neck/back pain (16 cases, 100%) for spinal tumors. Supratentorial tumors were the most common accounting for (69 cases, 60%), and sellar region, the commonest site accounting for (25 cases, 29%) of primary brain tumors. Neuroepithelial tumors accounted for the majority (35 cases, 30.4%)

Conclusion:
Central nervous system tumors were most common in the 5th decade with female preponderance. Neuroepithelial tumors have the highest incidence in the tumor groups.