bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nurse admissions at a specialized mental health programme: A pre‐Covid‐19 retrospective review (2000–2019)
Authors: Braquehais M. Dolores , Mozo Xulián , Gausachs Eva , Santiago Regina , Llavayol Enric , González‐Irizar Olga , Nieva Gemma , Valero Sergi , Ramos‐Quiroga José A. , Bruguera Eugeni 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAimsNursing is a stressful and emotionally demanding profession. To date, few mental health treatment interventions have been developed for them worldwide. This study aims to explore referral trends in nurses with mental disorders admitted to a pioneer specialized mental health programme in Europe from 2000 to 2019.DesignA retrospective observational study of 1297 medical e‐records of nurses with mental health disorders admitted to the Galatea Care Programme in Barcelona was conducted.MethodsThree periods were analysed: 2000–2006, 2007–2012 and 2013–2019. Socio‐demographic and clinical variables were compared. Diagnoses followed Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM‐IV‐TR) criteria.ResultsGender and age at referral did not change over time. Self‐referrals grew from 85.1% in the first period to 95.3% in the last period; inpatient admissions decreased from 24.1% to 18.2%, although this was not significant; nurses were less frequently on sick leave on admission over time (59.1% vs. 45.7%); they were more likely to have a temporary contract in the second period (9.5% vs. 4.8% and 4%) and prevalence of main diagnosis changed with a considerable decrease in affective and substance use disorders after 2006 and a progressive increase in adjustment disorders during the whole period.ConclusionFree, voluntary, highly confidential programmes for nurses with mental disorders may enhance voluntary and earlier help seeking. These findings can be considered when implementing specialized interventions for them in other settings.What problem did the study address?Nursing is a stressful and emotionally demanding profession. To date, few specialized mental health services have been developed for them worldwide. This study aims to explore referral trends in nurses with mental disorders admitted to a pioneer programme in Europe, the Galatea Care Programme in Barcelona, from 2000 to 2019.What were the main findings?The number of referrals to the programme grew especially after the first 7‐year period. Admissions were more likely to be voluntary during the last period. Prevalence of substance use disorders at admission dropped steadily while prevalence of adjustment disorders progressively increased over the two decades. Nurses were also less likely to be on sick leave at admission.Where and on whom will the research have impact?Free, voluntary, highly confidential programmes for nurses with mental disorders may enhance voluntary and earlier help seeking. These findings can be considered when implementing specialized interventions for them in other settings.
Exploring experiential elements, strategies and outcomes of quality participation for children with intellectual and developmental disabilities: A systematic scoping review
Authors: Bruno Natasha , Richardson Alanna , Kauffeldt Kaitlyn D. , Tomasone Jennifer R. , Arbour‐Nicitopoulos Kelly , Latimer‐Cheung Amy E. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectiveQuality participation, defined as satisfying and enjoyable involvement, is one of the most valued life outcomes for children with intellectual and developmental disabilities. To broaden understandings of quality participation, our review explored participation experiences of children with intellectual and developmental disabilities.MethodUtilising an established systematic scoping review methodology, data were collected using three search tools (peer‐reviewed databases, grey literature databases and Google). Inclusion criteria required that children with intellectual and developmental disabilities and/or their proxies provided descriptions of quality participation experiences in any life domain.ResultsA total of 35 articles met the inclusion criteria. Quality participation strategies (30 total) and outcomes (8 total) were categorised according to six experiential elements (autonomy, belongingness, challenge, engagement, mastery and meaning).ConclusionFindings provide novel insight for building quality experiences across current and future participation initiatives.
Factors associated with workers' attitudes towards employment of persons with intellectual disabilities in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Elahdi Ayman , Alnahdi Ghaleb H. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundPersons with intellectual disabilities have the right to pursue and acquire gainful employment and thereby obtain the psychological, social and economic benefits derived from employment.AimsThis study aimed to examine workers' attitudes towards and perspectives with respect to the challenges of employing persons with intellectual disabilities.MethodThe sample was composed of 168 persons (60% male). Participants responded to a questionnaire that assessed their attitudes towards working with persons with intellectual disabilities (ATWQ) and a challenges questionnaire (CHQ).Results and ConclusionThis study found that familiarity (frequency of contact) and having a previous work experience with someone with an intellectual disability were positively associated with workers' attitudes towards employing persons with intellectual disabilities. Furthermore, owners and supervisors were more reluctant to accept the practice of employing persons with intellectual disabilities than were employees. No differences were found by gender. Implications based on the findings are discussed herein.
Non‐linear capital structure dynamics
Authors: Botta Marco , Colombo Luca Vittorio Angelo 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWe investigate the capital structure and the dynamic behaviour of firms' debt ratios in a large sample of companies from 52 countries. Our findings support a complex view of capital structure decisions, with firm, macroeconomic and institutional factors interacting in the determination of both the optimal leverage and the adjustment process towards it. This results in a complex non‐linear dynamic behaviour of firms' debt‐to‐equity ratios. These interactions contribute for almost two thirds of the explained heterogeneity of the target leverage, and around one third of the speed of adjustment towards the optimal capital structure. Overall, our results suggest that market timing and pecking order arguments prevail in the short run, while a dynamic trade‐off mechanism with costly readjustment matters mainly in the long run.
Activation of the STING‐IRF3 pathway involved in psoriasis with diabetes mellitus
Authors: Xiaohong Li , Zhenting Zhang , Yunjie Yu , Wei Cai , Xiangjin Xu , Kun Xie , Xin Lin , Lu Lin , Jun Lu , Pin Chen 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPsoriasis and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) share similar inflammatory pathways in their pathogenesis. The stimulator of interferon genes (STING)‐interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) pathway has recently been shown to play an important role in immune and metabolic diseases. In this study, we investigated the activation of the STING‐IRF3 pathway in human immortalized keratinocytes (HaCaT) cells treated with palmitic acid (PA) and imiquimod (IMQ). Additionally, we detected the STING‐IRF3 pathway in diabetic mice with imiquimod (IMQ)‐induced psoriasis and assessed the potential of STING inhibitor C‐176. Furthermore, skin samples from patients with psoriasis and diabetes were collected for immunohistochemical analysis. The results indicated that the STING‐IRF3 pathway was activated in HaCaT cells. Moreover, the STING pathway was also found to be induced in the skin tissue of diabetic mice with psoriasis; the inflammatory responses were ameliorated by treatment with C‐176. In the skin tissue samples of patients with psoriasis and diabetes, immunohistochemistry showed that the expression levels of STING and phosphorylated IRF3 were also significantly increased. Thus, we conclude that the STING‐IRF3 pathway is involved in the inflammatory response in the manifestation of psoriasis with T2DM. Inhibition of the activation of the STING pathway can ameliorate the development of psoriasis in diabetes and could be targeted for the development of therapeutic agents for these conditions.
Protozoan phagotrophy from predators to parasites: An overview of the enigmatic cytostome‐cytopharynx complex of Trypanosoma cruzi
Authors: Etheridge Ronald Drew 
Published: February 2022

AbstractEating is fundamental and from this basic principle, living organisms have evolved innumerable strategies to capture energy and nutrients from their environment. As part of the world's aquatic ecosystems, the expansive family of heterotrophic protozoans uses self‐generated currents to funnel prokaryotic prey into an ancient, yet highly enigmatic, oral apparatus known as the cytostome‐cytopharynx complex prior to digestion. Despite its near ubiquitous presence in protozoans, little is known mechanistically about how this feeding organelle functions. Intriguingly, one class of these flagellated phagotrophic predators known as the kinetoplastids gave rise to a lineage of obligate parasitic protozoa, the trypanosomatids, that can infect a wide variety of organisms ranging from plants to humans. One parasitic species of humans, Trypanosoma cruzi, has retained this ancestral organelle much like its free‐living relatives and continues to use it as its primary mode of endocytosis. In this review, we will highlight foundational observations made regarding the cytostome‐cytopharynx complex and examine some of the most pressing questions regarding the mechanistic basis for its function. We propose that T. cruzi has the potential to serve as an excellent model system to dissect the enigmatic process of protozoal phagotrophy and thus enhance our overall understanding of fundamental eukaryotic biology.
Descriptions of six new species in White Cloud Mountain minnow Tanichthys albonubes complex (Cypriniformes: Tanichthyidae) in southern China
Authors: Jin Jinjin , Li Chao , Zhao Jun 
Published: February 2022

AbstractTanichthys albonubes is a critically endangered freshwater fish in South China and is classified as a second‐class state‐protected animal in China. It is also a colourful ornamental fish and has been introduced into many countries and regions around the world. Previous studies have revealed that there are seven cryptic species in the T. albonubes complex. Here, six new species of these cryptic species were diagnosed and described based on external morphology, colour patterns and osteological characteristics: Tanichthys shenzhenensis sp. nov., Tanichthys huidongensis sp. nov., Tanichthys luheensis sp. nov., Tanichthys dongxingensis sp. nov., Tanichthys guipingensis sp. nov. and Tanichthys hainanensis sp. nov. In addition, an identification key to the genus Tanichthys was provided. The key diagnosable characteristics of six new species in T. albonubes complex include the margin colour of dorsal and anal fins, the number of branched dorsal and anal fins, the relative position of the orbitosphenoid to the parasphenoid, the states of the neural complex, the states of the neural spine of the fourth vertebra and the anterior process of the innominatum. These six new species were also well supported by the phylogenetic tree and uncorrected p‐distances based on Cyt b sequences. The distribution pattern of the genus Tanichthys is characterized by point‐like, discontinuous distribution and geographically isolated on a large scale with narrow distribution ranges of each species. This study provides scientific data for the taxonomy, conservation status assessment and evolution of Tanichthys.
Taxonomic re‐appraisal for toothfish (Dissostichus: Notothenioidea) across the Antarctic Polar Front using genomic and morphological studies
Authors: Arkhipkin Alexander I. , Brickle Paul , Lee Brendon , Shaw Paul W. , McKeown Niall J. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe Patagonian toothfish, Dissostichus eleginoides, is one of the largest predatory fishes inhabiting Southern Ocean waters spanning the Antarctic Polar Front (APF), a prominent biogeographic boundary restricting gene flow and driving species divergence between Antarctic and sub‐Antarctic waters. In the light of emerging threats to toothfish conservation and sustainability, this study investigated genetic [mtDNA sequences and genome wide nuclear single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)] and morphological data to critically evaluate the taxonomic status of toothfish north (Chile and Patagonian shelf) and south (South Georgia and South Sandwich Islands) of the APF. mtDNA revealed reciprocally monophyletic lineages on either side of the APF with coalescent analysis indicating these diverged during the Pleistocene. Integration with data from other sources suggests the Chilean/Patagonian lineage is endemic. SNP analysis confirmed restricted nuclear gene flow between both groups and revealed a consensus suite of positive outlier SNPs compatible with adaptive divergence between these groups. Finally, several morphological features permit unequivocal assignment of individuals to either of the clades. Based on the genetic, phenotypic and ecological divergence, the authors propose that toothfish on either side of the APF be recognised as distinct species, with the name D. eleginoides used for toothfish occurring in South American waters north of the APF and toothfish south of the APF being classified using the new name D. australis reflecting their southern distribution.
Fast and sensitive graphene oxide‐DNAzyme‐based biosensor for Vibrio alginolyticus detection
Authors: Tian Xueqing , Hu Jinfei , Wei Tong , Ding Wen , Miao Qingzhen , Ning Zhe , Fan Shihui , Wu Hangjie , Lu Jing , Lyu Mingsheng , Wang Shujun 
Published: February 2022

AbstractDNAzymes have been widely and effectively used for the detection of pathogenic bacteria, which pose a serious public health threat. However, the rapid and cost‐effective detection of such bacteria remains a major challenge. In this study, we successfully selected Vibrio alginolyticus‐specific DNAzymes. The activity of the candidates was assessed via fluorescence intensity and gel electrophoresis. The DNAzyme DT1 had a detection limit of 31 CFU/ml for V. alginolyticus and exhibited high specificity. Graphene oxide (GO) was used to develop a DNAzyme‐based fluorescent sensor for the detection of V. alginolyticus, which significantly improved detection performance and shortened the reaction time as little as 10 s. The proposed method was then validated using crab, shrimp, fish, clam, and oyster samples. This study thus provides a new method for the rapid and sensitive detection of V. alginolyticus.
Stability of uvaia (Eugenia pyriformis Cambess) pulp subjected to freezing by static and forced air
Authors: Macedo Leandro Levate , Vilela Daiana Ribeiro , da Cunha Mariana Crivelari , Lopes de Carvalho Dias Laryanne , Carvalho Elisangela Elena Nunes , de Resende Jaime Vilela , de Barros Vilas Boas Eduardo Valério 
Published: February 2022

AbstractUvaia is a highly perishable exotic fruit. The use of preservation techniques is an important strategy to make uvaia pulp consumption and commercialization viable. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of freezing by static air (SA) and forced air (FA) on the physical, chemical and microbiological stability of uvaia (Eugenia pyriformis Cambess) pulp during 12 months of storage. The uvaia pulp exhibited color changes with a tendency to darkening, reduced pH, carotenoids, total phenolics, vitamin C, and antioxidant activity (AA) and increased titratable acidity throughout storage, despite the freezing method, although the soluble solids content was not influenced by any of the factors. Five phenolic and 12 volatile compounds were identified, the majority being gallic and chlorogenic acids, among the phenolics and ethyl and octanol hexanoate, among the volatiles. The method of freezing by FA was more effective than by SA in retaining phenolics, carotenoids, antioxidants and volatile activity, during storage. Good manufacturing practices guaranteed the microbiological quality of the pulp, preserved for 12 months, despite the freezing method. Frozen uvaia pulp can be considered a vehicle of bioactive compounds, with AA, microbiologically safe, even after 12 months of storage.Practical ApplicationsThe uvaia pulp has a peculiar flavor and aroma and can be used as an alternative raw material to conventional options in different products (yogurts, ice cream, fermented drinks, juices, and jellies). As it is a seasonal and extremely perishable fruit, freezing the pulp is an alternative to prolong the useful life of the uvaia. Qualitative parameters can be affected by the storage time and freezing method applied. Therefore, the evaluation of the influence of these factors on the quality of uvaia pulp is relevant and can be applied in the food industry to maintain the quality of the pulp.
Emerging inflammatory bowel disease demographics, phenotype, and treatment in South Asia, South‐East Asia, and Middle East: Preliminary findings from the Inflammatory Bowel Disease‐Emerging Nations' Consortium
Authors: Banerjee Rupa , Pal Partha , Hilmi Ida , Ghoshal Uday C , Desai Devendra C , Rahman Mohammed Masudur , Dutta Usha , Mohiuddin Syed A , Al Mohannadi Munnera , Philip Mathew , Ramesh Ganesh N , Niriella Madunil A , De Silva Arjuna P , de Silva Hithanadura Janaka , Pisespongsa Pises , Limsrivilai Julajak , Aniwan Satimai , Nawarathne Metthananda , Fernandopulle Nilesh , Aye Than Than , Ni Nwe , Al Awadhi Sameer , Joshi Neeraj , Ngoc Pham Thi V , Kieu Tuan V , Nguyen Anh Duong , Abdullah Murdani , Ali Ezzat , Zeid Ahmed , Sollano Jose D , Saberi Bismillah , Omar Mahmoud , Mohsin Mostafa Noor , Aftab Hafeza , Wai Tin Moe , Shastri Yogesh M , Chaudhuri Sujit , Ahmed Faruque , Bhatia Shobna J , Travis Simon P L ,   Inflammatory Bowel Disease‐Emerging Nations' Consortium (IBD‐ENC) study group
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackground and AimInflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is emerging in the newly industrialized countries of South Asia, South‐East Asia, and the Middle East, yet epidemiological data are scarce.MethodsWe performed a cross‐sectional study of IBD demographics, disease phenotype, and treatment across 38 centers in 15 countries of South Asia, South‐East Asia, and Middle East. Intergroup comparisons included gross national income (GNI) per capita.ResultsAmong 10 400 patients, ulcerative colitis (UC) was twice as common as Crohn's disease (CD), with a male predominance (UC 6678, CD 3495, IBD unclassified 227, and 58% male). Peak age of onset was in the third decade, with a low proportion of elderly‐onset IBD (5% age > 60). Familial IBD was rare (5%). The extent of UC was predominantly distal (proctitis/left sided 67%), with most being treated with mesalamine (94%), steroids (54%), or immunomodulators (31%). Ileocolic CD (43%) was the commonest, with low rates of perianal disease (8%) and only 6% smokers. Diagnostic delay for CD was common (median 12 months; interquartile range 5–30). Treatment of CD included mesalamine, steroids, and immunomodulators (61%, 51%, and 56%, respectively), but a fifth received empirical antitubercular therapy. Treatment with biologics was uncommon (4% UC and 13% CD), which increased in countries with higher GNI per capita. Surgery rates were 0.1 (UC) and 2 (CD) per 100 patients per year.ConclusionsThe IBD‐ENC cohort provides insight into IBD in South‐East Asia and the Middle East, but is not yet population based. UC is twice as common as CD, familial disease is uncommon, and rates of surgery are low. Biologic use correlates with per capita GNI.
Short course of low‐dose pregabalin is effective for the treatment of restless leg syndrome in patients with cirrhosis: A pilot study
Authors: Mundada Kaustubh , Goel Amit , Paliwal Vimal Kumar , Singh Thakur Prashant , Rai Praveer , Aggarwal Rakesh 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackground and AimRestless leg syndrome (RLS) is common in patients with cirrhosis, but its treatment in such patients remains unclear. This pilot study assessed the clinical effectiveness of intravenous iron and a 6‐week course of low‐dose (75 mg/day) pregabalin for the treatment of RLS in patients with cirrhosis.MethodsIt was a prospective, interventional study that included adult patients with cirrhosis and RLS. The participants underwent serum ferritin measurement. Patients with low serum ferritin (< 75 μg/dL) were treated with intravenous iron. Those with normal ferritin levels and those with low levels whose RLS symptoms failed to respond to iron replacement were treated with oral pregabalin, initially 75 mg/day for 6 weeks, followed by 150 mg/day for 6 weeks if there was no response. Recurrence of symptoms was assessed at 6–12 weeks after stopping pregabalin.ResultsOf the 50 patients (male patients 52%; median age 48 [interquartile range: 21–65] years; median Child–Pugh–Turcotte score 8 [5–13] and median Model for End‐Stage Liver disease score 17 [12–20]) studied, 29 (58%) had low ferritin; of them, 14 (48%) responded to intravenous iron alone. Eleven of 15 (38%) patients with low ferritin and nonresponse to iron, and 16 of 21 (76%) with normal ferritin levels had a response with low‐dose pregabalin. Of the nine nonresponders who received 150 mg/day of pregabalin, four had to discontinue it because of adverse effects.ConclusionA short course of low‐dose (75 mg/day) pregabalin was effective (82%) in alleviating RLS in patients with cirrhosis. (CTRI/2019/02/017642).
Association between temporary discharge from the inpatient palliative care unit and achievement of good death in end‐of‐life cancer patients: A nationwide survey of bereaved family members
Authors: Aso Sakiko , Hayashi Naoko , Sekimoto Go , Nakayama Naoko , Tamura Keiko , Yamamoto Chieko , Aoyama Maho , Morita Tatsuya , Kizawa Yoshiyuki , Tsuneto Satoru , Shima Yasuo , Miyashita Mitsunori 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAimTo explore the unclear association between temporary discharge home from the palliative care unit and achievement of good death, in the background of increases in discharge from the palliative care unit. Association between experiences and circumstances of patient and family and duration of temporary discharge was also examined.MethodsThis study was a secondary analysis of data from a nationwide post‐bereavement survey.ResultsAmong 571 patients, 16% experienced temporary discharge home from the palliative care unit. The total good death inventory score (p < .05) and sum of 10 core attributes (p < .05) were significantly higher in the temporarily discharged and stayed home ≥2 weeks group. Among all attributes, “Independent in daily activities” (p < .001) was significantly better in the temporarily discharged and stayed home ≥2 weeks group. Regarding the experience and circumstance of patient and family, improvement of patient's appetite (p < .05), and sleep (p < .05) and peacefulness (p < .05) of family caregivers, compared to the patient being hospitalized, were associated with longer stay at home after discharge.ConclusionsPatient's achievement of good death was better in the temporarily discharged and stayed home longer group, but this seemed to be affected by high levels of independence of the patient. Temporary discharge from the palliative care unit and staying home longer was associated with improvement of appetite of patients and better sleep and mental health status of family caregivers. Discharging home from palliative care unit is worth being considered even if it is temporary.