bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Path following of underactuated vehicles via integral line of sight guidance and fixed‐time heading control
Authors: Zhang Pengfei , Chen Qiyuan , He Ping 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis study investigates the integral line of sight (ILOS) path‐following control problem of surface vehicles whose dynamics feature external disturbances, model uncertainties, and actuator dead zones. First, introducing the ILOS guidance law, the path‐following control problem is converted to stabilising a 2nd order nonlinear system. Subsequently, the fixed‐time observer is designed to estimate and compensate for the uncertainties and unknown external disturbances while overcoming the actuator dead zones. Finally, the trajectory tracking control strategy is designed based on the fixed‐time observer. Numerical examples are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed approaches.
Common visual part alignment for vehicle re‐identification
Authors: Lu Zefeng , Lin Ronghao , Deng Huahui , Hu Haifeng , Chen Zhenwu 
Published: March 2022

AbstractVehicle re‐identification (Re‐ID) aims at identification of images with the same vehicle ID in a cross‐camera scenario. Prior methods mainly tend to fuse global features with local features. However, huge divergence in viewpoints among cameras leads to inconsistency of local features between query and gallery images, which causes performance drop. Recently, alignment‐based methods have been proposed to handle this problem. However, previous alignment‐based methods rely on the detection accuracy of vehicle component excessively. To solve this problem, a common visual part alignment (CVPA) model to align local features between image pairs with a few visual key points in image pairs is proposed. The main contributions of CVPA include: 1) CVPA utilizes common visual feature map generated by key points to align local features without fine‐grain annotations. 2) Using key‐point coordinates based on Gaussian smoothing can reduce the negative influence of key prediction deviation, which leads CVPA to have more flexibility and better adaptability. 3) By proposing orientation‐quadruplet loss to mine hard samples, CVPA is more robust against vehicle orientation variation. Extensive experiments show the superior performance of CVPA.
Uveitis bei juveniler idiopathischer Arthritis – leitliniengerechte Diagnostik und Therapie anhand von Kasuistiken
Authors: Heiligenhaus Arnd , Deuter Christoph 
Published: March 2022

Zusammenfassung
Zielsetzung Darstellung der aktuellen deutschsprachigen interdisziplinären Leitlinie zur Diagnostik und Therapie der JIA-assoziierten Uveitis (JIA: juvenile idiopathische Arthritis)
anhand von Kasuistiken.
Material und Methoden Leitlinie der Deutschen Ophthalmologischen Gesellschaft, der Gesellschaft für Kinder- und Jugendrheumatologie, der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Rheumatologie, des
Berufsverbandes der Augenärzte Deutschlands unter Beteiligung von Patientenvertretern. Die unlängst publizierte Primärliteratur wurde kritisch bewertet hinsichtlich Evidenz und Empfehlungen;
methodisch wurden Konsensfindung mittels Delphi-Runden und eine externe Begutachtung einbezogen. Die Ergebnisse werden anhand von typischen Fallbeispielen erläutert.
Ergebnisse Bei JIA-Erstdiagnose sollten regelmäßige augenärztliche Kontrollen erfolgen mit dem Ziel, dass die Uveitis vor Manifestation irreversibler Folgeschäden diagnostiziert
wird. Entsprechend dem individuellen Schweregrad der Uveitis kann eine qualitativ hochwertige Versorgung der Patienten erzielt werden. Zur antientzündlichen Therapie finden aktuell
Kortikosteroide, konventionell synthetische (cs) und biologische (b) und andere Disease-modifying anti-rheumatic Drugs (DMARDs) Verwendung.
Schlussfolgerungen Frühzeitige Diagnose und aktuelle leitliniengerechte Therapie können die Langzeitprognose der JIA-assoziierten Uveitis wesentlich verbessern.
Fasten bei Tumorerkrankungen – ist das
ratsam?
Authors: Berger Bettina 
Published: March 2022

ZusammenfassungFasten ist eine Jahrhunderte alte Praxis, die auch in vielen Religionen zu Hause
ist. In die Naturheilkunde hielt das Fasten über Ärzte Einzug,
die für ihre eigene Genesung positive Erfahrung damit machten. Die
wissenschaftliche Forschung begann in Europa erst vor wenigen Jahren, wobei die
gesundheitsförderlichen Abläufe des Fastens und ihre Bedeutung
für die unterschiedlichen Erkrankungen untersucht wurden. Auch wenn
für zahlreiche Erkrankungen die wissenschaftlichen Hinweise auf die
gesundheitsförderliche Wirkung des Fastens zunahmen, so galt doch
für Tumorerkrankungen generell, dass hier das Fasten nicht geeignet sei.
Erst unlängst hat hier ein Umbruch stattgefunden. Insbesondere liegen
Forschungsergebnisse für das Kurzeitfasten vor, welche zeigen, dass
Fasten bei Tumorerkrankten die Belastungen durch Nebenwirkungen senkt und die
Wirksamkeit der Chemotherapie verbessern kann.
Interventionelle radiologische Verfahren in der Onkologie –
Update 2021
Authors: Henze Jörn , Maintz David 
Published: March 2022

Zusammenfassung
Transarterielle Tumorembolisationen wie die transarterielle
Chemoembolisation (TACE) und die selektive interne Radiotherapie (SIRT) haben
sich als Therapieoption bei primären und sekundären Lebertumoren
etabliert und werden in onkologischen Zentren i.d.R.
routinemäßig durchgeführt.
Transkutane Thermoablationen wie Radiofrequenzablation (RFA) und
Mikrowellenablation (MWA) haben sich als i.d.R. kurative Therapieoptionen bei
primären und sekundären Lebertumoren etabliert. Darüber
hinaus werden die Verfahren zunehmend auch bei Nieren- und Lungentumoren
eingesetzt.
Neue Verfahren Mit hochintensivem fokussiertem Ultraschall (HIFU) ist eine
nicht invasive Thermoablation möglich, bisher zugelassene Indikationen
sind die Behandlung von Uterusmyomen, Prostatakarzinomen und Knochentumoren. Die
irreversible Elektroporation (IRE) ist ein nicht thermisches Ablationsverfahren,
das sich insbesondere in der Therapie von fortgeschrittenen, inoperablen
Pankreaskarzinomen etabliert hat.
Maximal Thymectomy via Mini Sternotomy with Pleural Preservation
Authors: Patel Gaurav , Reddy Bojja V. Kishore , Patil Prakash 
Published: March 2022

Background There are different surgical techniques used for maximal thymectomy. Each technique has its own advantages and disadvantages. We propose a mini sternotomy with pleural preservation approach for complete maximal thymectomy.Methods Over time range of 5 years, 32 patients with diagnosis of thymoma with or without myasthenia gravis (MG) underwent maximal thymectomy by mini sternotomy in our institute. Patient records were examined for the following parameters: age, sex, preoperative medication, symptoms of MG as per Myasthenia Gravis Foundation of America grading system, operating time, duration of postoperative ventilation, length of stay in the intensive care unit, overall length of hospitalization, and postoperative complications.Results The mean age of patients in our study was 43.66. Sex ratio in this study was almost equal. Sixty-nine percent of patients were stage I thymoma according to Masaoka staging. Size of the tumor ranged from 3 to 8 cm with mean size being 4.54 cm. Complete resection with negative tumor margins was possible in all the cases. Four patients had intraoperative pleural injury out of which two patients required intercostal tube insertion. We did not have any serious postoperative complications with no perioperative mortality.Conclusions Mini sternotomy allows maximal removal of thymus through a less invasive approach and is associated with a significantly smoother postoperative course, less overall complications, and good clinical outcome. It is a simple technique that can be performed by any thoracic and surgical oncologists especially in Indian subcontinent where facilities of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery and robotic video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery are not available in all areas and are expensive.
Soil microbial biomass and oxy-hydroxides contribute to aggregate stability and size distribution under different land uses in the Central Andes
Authors: Coca-Salazar Alejandro , Cornelis Jean-Thomas , Carnol Monique 
Published: March 2022

Context Agricultural intensification leads to land use changes with potential consequences for soil aggregate stability and size distribution, affecting nutrient and water retention capacity, aeration, sequestration of soil organic carbon, and biogeochemical cycling. Aims This study evaluated soil aggregate stability and size distribution under potato, fallow and Eucalyptus globulus L. land uses in Cambisols of the eastern branch of the Central Andes, Bolivia. We also investigated the relation between aggregates and total C, extractable C, oxy-hydroxides, microbial biomass and activity. Methods Aggregate stability, size distribution and oxy-hydroxides were measured in soil samples from eight plots of each land use. Key results Compared to fields cultivated with potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), Eucalyptus increased aggregate stability, megaaggregate content, and C and N in the free silt + clay fraction. Fallow did not lead to significant changes in soil structure. Soil aggregate stability was related to both microbial biomass and oxy-hydroxides. Microbial biomass C, microbial activity and dithionite extractable Fe were positively related to megaaggregates and aggregate stability. Oxalate extractable Fe and Mn were related to microaggregates. Conclusions The plantation of Eucalyptus is suitable for soil structural amelioration and C sequestration, but its introduction to cultivated areas should be carefully evaluated due to its effects on soil chemistry and microbiology. Short-term fallowing did not contribute to the maintenance of soil structure. Implications In a context of land uses change, modifications of microbial biomass and activity would affect megaaggregate formation and stability. Alternative management practices are required to maintain soil structure and optimize sustainable land use of cultivated and fallow fields.
Death of a genre?
Authors: Zillén Erik 
Published: March 2022

Summary
Taking as its starting point the scholarly discussion about the possible death of the Aesopic fable towards the end of the eighteenth century, this article proposes a broadening of perspective, arguing for a thorough examination of the impact of modernity on some of the basic contexts and conditions of the genre. Four contextual factors are, subsequently, placed under scrutiny: the ethics of virtue, the rhetorical category of exemplum, the anthro­po­morphi­zation of animals, and the poetological principle of prodesse et delectare. All of these factors may be considered as vigorous and interrelated components of premodern culture, and all four of them, moreover, constituted fundamental prerequisites for the conceptualization and functioning of the Aesopic genre. By analysing how the emerging paradigm of modernity diminished the position and importance of these contextual factors, the article seeks to demonstrate the existence of an undeniable dividing line in European fable history somewhere around 1800.
Green extractivism and financialisation in Mozambique: the case of Gilé National Reserve
Authors: Bruna Natacha 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT
With the global environmental crisis intensifying, capitalism has extended the reach of financialisation through the creation of new financial assets that rely on further commodification of nature. Using the case of a national reserve in Mozambique, the paper examines the emergence of green extractivism as a consequence of deepening financialisation, an extractivism which is building on pre-existing relations of unequal and asymmetric exchange between industrialised and extractive economies. The article focuses on the linkages between financialisation and extractivism and nature-based financial mechanisms, whose operationalisation impacts on rural social reproduction. It is argued that the emergence of green extractivism, supported by green funds and loans, is intensifying the extractive character of the Mozambican economy. The case study shows, that with the support of philanthrocapitalism, the process of financialisation led by mature economies supports the appropriation of nature through green extractivist programmes in the periphery, with adverse implications for development and for rural subsistence.
Entanglement dynamics of an open moving-biparticle system driven by classical-field
Authors: Wang Qilin , Liu Rongfang , Zou Hong-Mei , Long Dan , Wang Jia 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In this work, the entanglement dynamics of a moving-biparticle system driven by an external classical field are investigated, where the moving-biparticle system is coupled with a zero temperature common environment. The analytical expressions of the density operator and the entanglement can be obtained by using the dressed-state basis when the total excitation number is one. We also discuss in detail the effects of different parameters on the entanglement dynamics. The results show that the classical driving can not only protect the entanglement, but also effectively eliminate the influence of the qubit velocity and the detuning on the quantum entanglement.
Cosmology of Extended Proca-Nuevo
Authors: de Rham Claudia , Garcia-Saenz Sebastian , Heisenberg Lavinia , Pozsgay Victor 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Proca-Nuevo is a non-linear theory of a massive spin-1 field
which enjoys a non-linearly realized constraint that distinguishes
it among other generalized vector models. We show that the theory
may be extended by the addition of operators of the Generalized
Proca class without spoiling the primary constraint that is
necessary for consistency, allowing to interpolate between
Generalized Proca operators and Proca-Nuevo ones. The constraint is
maintained on flat spacetime and on any fixed curved background.
Upon mixing extended Proca-Nuevo dynamically with gravity, we show
that the constraint gets broken in a Planck scale suppressed way.
We further prove that the theory may be covariantized in models that
allow for consistent and ghost-free cosmological solutions. We study
the models in the presence of perfect fluid matter, and show that
they describe the correct number of dynamical variables and derive
their dispersion relations and stability criteria. We also exhibit,
in a specific set-up, explicit hot Big Bang solutions featuring a
late-time self-accelerating epoch, and which are such that all the
stability and subluminality conditions are satisfied and where
gravitational waves behave precisely as in General Relativity.
Determination of the responsivity of a predictable quantum efficient detector over a wide spectral range based on a 3D model of charge carrier recombination losses
Authors: Tran Trinh , Porrovecchio Geiland , Smid Marek , Ikonen Erkki , Dönsberg Timo , Gran Jarle 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We present a method to determine the internal quantum deficiency (IQD) of a predictable quantum efficient detector (PQED) based on measured photocurrent dependence on bias voltage and a 3D simulation model of charge carrier recombination losses. The simulation model of silicon photodiodes includes wafer doping concentration, fixed charge of SiO2 layer, bulk lifetime of charge carriers and surface recombination velocity as the fitted parameters. With only one set of physical photodiode defining parameters, the simulation shows excellent agreement with experimental data at power levels from 100 μW to 1000 μW with variation in illumination beam size. We could also predict the dependence of IQD on bias voltage at the wavelength of 476 nm using photodiode parameters determined independently at 647 nm wavelength. The fitted values of doping concentration and fixed charge extracted from the simulation model are in close agreement with the expected parameter values determined earlier. At bias voltages larger than 5 V at the wavelength of 476 nm, the internal quantum efficiency of one of the tested PQEDs is measured to be 0.999 970 ± 0.000 027, where the relative expanded uncertainty of 0.000 027 is one of the lowest values ever achieved in spectral responsivity measurement of optical detectors.
How geometrically frustrated systems challenge our notion of thermodynamics
Authors: Bauer Wolfgang Rudolf 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Although Boltzmann’s definition of entropy and temperature are widely accepted, we will show scenarios which apparently are inconsistent with our normal notion of thermodynamics. We focus on generic geometrically frustrated systems (GFSs), which stay at constant negative Boltzmann temperatures, independent from their energetic state. Two weakly coupled GFSs at same temperature exhibit, in accordance with energy conservation, the same probability for all energetic combinations. Heat flow from a hot GFS to a cooler GFS or an ideal gas increases Boltzmann entropy of the combined system, however the maximum is non-local, which, in contrast to conventional thermodynamics, implies that both subsystems maintain different temperatures here. Re-parametrization can transform these non-local into local maxima with corresponding equivalence of re-defined temperatures. However, these temperatures cannot be assigned solely to a subsystem but describe combinations of both. The non-local maxima of entropy restrict the naive application of the zeroth law of thermodynamics. Reformulated this law is still valid with the consequence that a GFS at constant negative temperature can measure positive temperatures. Heat exchange between a GFS and a polarized paramagnetic spin gas, i.e. a system that may achieve besides positive also negative temperatures, drives the combined system to a local-, or non-local maximum of entropy, with equivalent or non-equivalent temperatures here. Energetic constraints determine which scenario results. In case of a local maximum, the spin gas can measure temperature of the GFS like a usual thermometer, however, this reveals no information about the energetic state of the GFS.
Numerical studies for an ab initio investigation into the Boltzmann prescription in statistical mechanics of large systems
Authors: Dossetti V , Viswanathan G M , Kenkre V M 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We present numerical investigations into the question of the validity of the Boltzmann prescription in statistical mechanics for large systems, addressing the issue of whether extensivity of energy implies the extensivity of the Boltzmann entropy. The importance of the question stems from the fact that it is currently considered open by some investigators but quite settled by others. We report ab initio results for gas-like Hamiltonian systems with long-range as well as short-range interactions, based on simulations that explicitly consider more than 230 ≈ 109 states of the full Hilbert space. The basis of the technique is Monte Carlo algorithms. Despite the largeness of the numbers used, careful inspection shows that the systems studied are still too small to settle uniquely the issues raised. Therefore, the new approach outlined represents a first step in addressing on first principles the question of non-extensive statistical mechanics. General theoretical comments are also supplied to supplement the numerical investigations.
Frontiers in computing for artificial intelligence
Authors: Humble T.S. , Perdue G.N. , Fahim F. , Lamm H. , Schram M. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAn emerging diversity of computational platforms offers many different approaches to adopting the paradigm of artificial intelligence to the study of electron-ion collisions. Here we review several leading candidates in this computational frontier and their workflows for experimental applications of artificial intelligence that may impact the future Electron-Ion Collider. We discuss the motivation for exploring novel methods to solve artificial intelligence and machine learning problems including with customized devices, quantum simulation, and heterogeneous computing systems. These technologies offer promising approaches to address some of the leading concerns of future computing that may impact the Electron-Ion Collider but they will require further development and testing in order to support future planning efforts.
Nested closed paths in two-dimensional percolation
Authors: Song Yu-Feng , Tan Xiao-Jun , Zhang Xin-Hang , Jacobsen Jesper Lykke , Nienhuis Bernard , Deng Youjin 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
For two-dimensional percolation on a domain with the topology of a disc, we introduce a nested-path (NP) operator and thus a continuous family of one-point functions

W

k

≡

⟨

R
⋅

k

ℓ

⟩

, where ℓ is the number of independent (i.e., non-overlapping) nested closed paths surrounding the center, k is a path fugacity, and

R

projects on configurations having a cluster connecting the center to the boundary. At criticality, we observe a power-law scaling

W

k

∼

L

−

X

NP

, with L the linear system size, and we determine the exponent X
NP as a function of k. On the basis of our numerical results, we conjecture an analytical formula,

X

NP

(

k

)

=

3

4

ϕ

2

−

5

48

ϕ

2

/

(

ϕ

2

−

2

3

)

with k = 2 cos(πϕ), which reproduces the exact results for k = 0, 1 and agrees with the high-precision estimate of

X
NP

for other k values. In addition, we observe that W
2(L) = 1 for site percolation on the triangular lattice with any size L, and we prove this identity for all self-matching lattices.
Polydimethylsiloxane brushes and the search for extraterrestrial life
Authors: Golovin Kevin , Khatir Behrooz , Recla Letícia , Azimi Dijvejin Zahra , Zhao Xiaoxiao 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The low temperature and high pressure tribological properties of polydimethylsiloxane brushes with ice are explored to demonstrate their feasibility as an exterior coating for an off-world cryobot. Successful deposition of the brushes on silicon and glass was confirmed with a contact angle hysteresis < 2° and a surface roughness below 1 nm. The friction factor of the brushes roughly doubled when the temperature was lowered from +20 °C to −20 °C, but it decreased by 55% when the normal force was increased from 0.5 N to 16 N. When sheared, adhered ice slid on the brushes at a shear stress around 21 kPa, and this did not increase with an additional normal pressure of up to 98 kPa. A glass rod coated with the brushes served as a cryobot surrogate and was frozen within cores of −10 °C ice 1–3 cm high. Weight attached to the rod enabled it to cleanly slide completely through the ice cores at the ambient −10 °C, i.e. without melting the ice. Together, these results indicate that polydimethylsiloxane brushes may be a feasible exterior coating for an off-world cryobot that would enable it to slide through the frozen surface of potentially life-harboring bodies such as Europa or Enceladus, avoiding the need to melt the entire cryobot’s exterior.
Quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics studies on the intrinsic properties of typical ester oil molecules
Authors: Jia Dan , Li Jian , Zhan Shengpeng , Jin Yongliang , Cheng Bingxue , Tu Jiesong , Li Yinhua , Duan Haitao 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The molecular structure of lubricating oil affects its lubrication properties, catalytic and hydrolytic stability, and anti-wear properties. Based on the idea of material genomics, researchers are trying to find the correlation between structural characteristics and functional performances of lubricating oil, but the correlation can only explore the influence weight of structural parameters on performance, it is also very important to research the influence mechanism. In this study, through quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics calculations, (i) the spatial configurations of four typical ester lubricants with different chain length structures were studied, (ii) effects of active functional groups and charge distribution on the properties of the ester lubricants were discussed, and (iii) electronic transition and molecular orbital contributions were compared. The calculated results are expected to provide considerable support for theoretical research on the anti-wear and anti-oxidation mechanisms of ester lubricants and assist the rapid design, development and application of lubricating materials.