bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Annually Resolved Profiles of δ34S and Sulfate in Shallow Ice Core DF01 (Dome Fuji, Antarctica) Spanning the Nineteenth Century and Their Geochemical Implications
Authors: Takahashi Kazuya , Sahoo Yu Vin , Nakai Yoichi , Motoyama Hideaki , Motizuki Yuko 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWe report the results of a high‐sensitivity sulfur‐isotope (δ34S) analysis of samples from shallow ice core DF01 from Dome Fuji, East Antarctica, and present chronological profiles of the data with an annual resolution covering the entire nineteenth century. In the δ34S and non‐sea‐salt (nss)‐sulfate ([SO42−]nss) profiles, the signals of five well‐known nineteenth century volcanic eruptions were confirmed: Krakatau 1883 (and Tarawera 1886), Makian 1861, Cosiguina 1835, Tambora 1815, and Unknown 1809. Due to large influence of sulfate caused by volcanic eruptions in the first half of the nineteenth century, the averages of nss‐sulfur‐isotope composition (δ34Snss) and [SO42−]nss for the second half (+14.6‰ and 67.6 μg/L), calculated after excluding these prominent signals, were found to differ from those of the first half century (+9.1‰ and 84.1 μg/L). We also examined anomalous variations other than the five major volcanic signals in the δ34S and [SO42−]nss profiles based on not only variations in δ34S and [SO42−]nss but also variations in the concentrations of other ions. We then identified the presence of three additional volcanic signals: Babuyan 1831, Galunggung 1822, and an unknown volcanic eruption around 1807. The latter two signals confirmed for the first time in Antarctic ice cores. Other δ34S and [SO42−]nss anomalies may be related to an influx of coastal air masses, a nonstratospheric volcanic eruption near Antarctica or an increase in the relative contribution of a stratospheric component to the precipitation in inland Antarctica. These demonstrate the importance of obtaining the annually resolved, continuous δ34S profile over a certain period.
Investigating geographic differences in environmental chemical exposures in maternal and cord sera using non-targeted screening and silicone wristbands in California
Authors: Goin Dana E. , Abrahamsson Dimitri , Wang Miaomiao , Park June-Soo , Sirota Marina , Morello-Frosch Rachel , DeMicco Erin , Trowbridge Jessica , August Laura , O’Connell Steven , Ladella Subhashini , Zlatnik Marya G. , Woodruff Tracey J. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Differential risks for adverse pregnancy outcomes may be influenced by prenatal chemical exposures, but current exposure methods may not fully capture data to identify harms and differences.

Methods
We collected maternal and cord sera from pregnant people in Fresno and San Francisco, and screened for over 2420 chemicals using LC-QTOF/MS. We matched San Francisco participants to Fresno participants (N = 150) and compared detection frequencies. Twenty-six Fresno participants wore silicone wristbands evaluated for over 1500 chemicals using quantitative chemical analysis. We assessed whether living in tracts with higher levels of pollution according to CalEnviroScreen correlated with higher numbers of chemicals detected in sera.

Results
We detected 2167 suspect chemical features across maternal and cord sera. The number of suspect chemical features was not different by city, but a higher number of suspect chemicals in cosmetics or fragrances was detected in the Fresno versus San Francisco participants’ sera. We also found high levels of chemicals used in fragrances measured in the silicone wristbands. Fresno participants living in tracts with higher pesticide scores had higher numbers of suspect pesticides in their sera.

Conclusions
Multiple exposure-assessment approaches can identify exposure to many chemicals during pregnancy that have not been well-studied for health effects.
Hsa-miR-30a-3p overcomes the acquired protective autophagy of bladder cancer in chemotherapy and suppresses tumor growth and muscle invasion
Authors: Hwang Thomas I-Sheng , Chen Po-Chun , Tsai Te-Fu , Lin Ji-Fan , Chou Kuang-Yu , Ho Chao-Yen , Chen Hung-En , Chang An-Chen 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBladder cancer (BC) is the second most common urologic cancer in western countries. New strategies for managing high-grade muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) are urgently required because MIBC has a high risk of recurrence and poor survival. A growing body of evidence indicates that microRNA has potent antitumorigenic properties in various cancers, and thus, therapeutic strategies based on microRNA may show promising results in cancer therapy. Analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database indicated that hsa-miR-30a-3p is downregulated in human BC. Our in vitro investigation demonstrated that hsa-miR-30a-3p suppresses the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and MMP-9 and reduces the cell invasive potential of BC cells. Furthermore, hsa-miR-30a-3p directly targets ATG5, ATG12, and Beclin 1; this in turn improves the chemosensitivity of BC cells to cisplatin through the repression of protective autophagy. In a tumor-xenograft mice model, hsa-miR-30a-3p suppressed muscle invasion. Cotreatment with hsa-miR-30a-3p enhanced the antitumor effect of cisplatin in reducing tumor growth in BC. The current study provides a novel strategy of using hsa-miR-30a-3p as an adjuvant or replacement therapy in future BC treatment.
Red edge effect and chromoselective photocatalysis with amorphous covalent triazine-based frameworks
Authors: Zou Yajun , Abednatanzi Sara , Gohari Derakhshandeh Parviz , Mazzanti Stefano , Schüßlbauer Christoph M. , Cruz Daniel , Van Der Voort Pascal , Shi Jian-Wen , Antonietti Markus , Guldi Dirk M. , Savateev Aleksandr 
Published: April 2022

AbstractChromoselective photocatalysis offers an intriguing opportunity to enable a specific reaction pathway out of a potentially possible multiplicity for a given substrate by using a sensitizer that converts the energy of incident photon into the redox potential of the corresponding magnitude. Several sensitizers possessing different discrete redox potentials (high/low) upon excitation with photons of specific wavelength (short/long) have been reported. Herein, we report design of molecular structures of two-dimensional amorphous covalent triazine-based frameworks (CTFs) possessing intraband states close to the valence band with strong red edge effect (REE). REE enables generation of a continuum of excited sites characterized by their own redox potentials, with the magnitude proportional to the wavelength of incident photons. Separation of charge carriers in such materials depends strongly on the wavelength of incident light and is the primary parameter that defines efficacy of the materials in photocatalytic bromination of electron rich aromatic compounds. In dual Ni-photocatalysis, excitation of electrons from the intraband states to the conduction band of the CTF with 625 nm photons enables selective formation of C‒N cross-coupling products from arylhalides and pyrrolidine, while an undesirable dehalogenation process is completely suppressed.
Multivariate analysis of disorder in metal–organic frameworks
Authors: Sapnik Adam F. , Bechis Irene , Bumstead Alice M. , Johnson Timothy , Chater Philip A. , Keen David A. , Jelfs Kim E. , Bennett Thomas D. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe rational design of disordered frameworks is an appealing route to target functional materials. However, intentional realisation of such materials relies on our ability to readily characterise and quantify structural disorder. Here, we use multivariate analysis of pair distribution functions to fingerprint and quantify the disorder within a series of compositionally identical metal–organic frameworks, possessing different crystalline, disordered, and amorphous structures. We find this approach can provide powerful insight into the kinetics and mechanism of structural collapse that links these materials. Our methodology is also extended to a very different system, namely the melting of a zeolitic imidazolate framework, to demonstrate the potential generality of this approach across many areas of disordered structural chemistry.
Integrated profiling of human pancreatic cancer organoids reveals chromatin accessibility features associated with drug sensitivity
Authors: Shi Xiaohan , Li Yunguang , Yuan Qiuyue , Tang Shijie , Guo Shiwei , Zhang Yehan , He Juan , Zhang Xiaoyu , Han Ming , Liu Zhuang , Zhu Yiqin , Gao Suizhi , Wang Huan , Xu Xiongfei , Zheng Kailian , Jing Wei , Chen Luonan , Wang Yong , Jin Gang , Gao Dong 
Published: April 2022

AbstractChromatin accessibility plays an essential role in controlling cellular identity and the therapeutic response of human cancers. However, the chromatin accessibility landscape and gene regulatory network of pancreatic cancer are largely uncharacterized. Here, we integrate the chromatin accessibility profiles of 84 pancreatic cancer organoid lines with whole-genome sequencing data, transcriptomic sequencing data and the results of drug sensitivity analysis of 283 epigenetic-related chemicals and 5 chemotherapeutic drugs. We identify distinct transcription factors that distinguish molecular subtypes of pancreatic cancer, predict numerous chromatin accessibility peaks associated with gene regulatory networks, discover regulatory noncoding mutations with potential as cancer drivers, and reveal the chromatin accessibility signatures associated with drug sensitivity. These results not only provide the chromatin accessibility atlas of pancreatic cancer but also suggest a systematic approach to comprehensively understand the gene regulatory network of pancreatic cancer in order to advance diagnosis and potential personalized medicine applications.
Digitally-embroidered liquid metal electronic textiles for wearable wireless systems
Authors: Lin Rongzhou , Kim Han-Joon , Achavananthadith Sippanat , Xiong Ze , Lee Jason K. W. , Kong Yong Lin , Ho John S. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractElectronic textiles capable of sensing, powering, and communication can be used to non-intrusively monitor human health during daily life. However, achieving these functionalities with clothing is challenging because of limitations in the electronic performance, flexibility and robustness of the underlying materials, which must endure repeated mechanical, thermal and chemical stresses during daily use. Here, we demonstrate electronic textile systems with functionalities in near-field powering and communication created by digital embroidery of liquid metal fibers. Owing to the unique electrical and mechanical properties of the liquid metal fibers, these electronic textiles can conform to body surfaces and establish robust wireless connectivity with nearby wearable or implantable devices, even during strenuous exercise. By transferring optimized electromagnetic patterns onto clothing in this way, we demonstrate a washable electronic shirt that can be wirelessly powered by a smartphone and continuously monitor axillary temperature without interfering with daily activities.
Cooperative catalysis by a single-atom enzyme-metal complex
Authors: Li Xiaoyang , Cao Yufei , Luo Kai , Zhang Lin , Bai Yunxiu , Xiong Jiarong , Zare Richard N. , Ge Jun 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAnchoring single metal atoms on enzymes has great potential to generate hybrid catalysts with high activity and selectivity for reactions that cannot be driven by traditional metal catalysts. Herein, we develop a photochemical method to construct a stable single-atom enzyme-metal complex by binding single metal atoms to the carbon radicals generated on an enzyme-polymer conjugate. The metal mass loading of Pd-anchored enzyme is up to 4.0% while maintaining the atomic dispersion of Pd. The cooperative catalysis between lipase-active site and single Pd atom accelerates alkyl-alkyl cross-coupling reaction between 1-bromohexane andB-n-hexyl-9-BBN with high efficiency (TOF is 540 h−1), exceeding that of the traditional catalyst Pd(OAc)2by a factor of 300 under ambient conditions.
Genomes of leafy and leafless Platanthera orchids illuminate the evolution of mycoheterotrophy
Authors: Li Ming-He , Liu Ke-Wei , Li Zhen , Lu Hsiang-Chia , Ye Qin-Liang , Zhang Diyang , Wang Jie-Yu , Li Yu-Feng , Zhong Zhi-Ming , Liu Xuedie , Yu Xia , Liu Ding-Kun , Tu Xiong-De , Liu Bin , Hao Yang , Liao Xing-Yu , Jiang Yu-Ting , Sun Wei-Hong , Chen Jinliao , Chen Yan-Qiong , Ai Ye , Zhai Jun-Wen , Wu Sha-Sha , Zhou Zhuang , Hsiao Yu-Yun , Wu Wan-Lin , Chen You-Yi , Lin Yu-Fu , Hsu Jui-Ling , Li Chia-Ying , Wang Zhi-Wen , Zhao Xiang , Zhong Wen-Ying , Ma Xiao-Kai , Ma Liang , Huang Jie , Chen Gui-Zhen , Huang Ming-Zhong , Huang Laiqiang , Peng Dong-Hui , Luo Yi-Bo , Zou Shuang-Quan , Chen Shi-Pin , Lan Siren , Tsai Wen-Chieh , Van de Peer Yves , Liu Zhong-Jian 
Published: April 2022

AbstractTo improve our understanding of the origin and evolution of mycoheterotrophic plants, we here present the chromosome-scale genome assemblies of two sibling orchid species: partially mycoheterotrophic Platanthera zijinensis and holomycoheterotrophic Platanthera guangdongensis. Comparative analysis shows that mycoheterotrophy is associated with increased substitution rates and gene loss, and the deletion of most photoreceptor genes and auxin transporter genes might be linked to the unique phenotypes of fully mycoheterotrophic orchids. Conversely, trehalase genes that catalyse the conversion of trehalose into glucose have expanded in most sequenced orchids, in line with the fact that the germination of orchid non-endosperm seeds needs carbohydrates from fungi during the protocorm stage. We further show that the mature plant of P. guangdongensis, different from photosynthetic orchids, keeps expressing trehalase genes to hijack trehalose from fungi. Therefore, we propose that mycoheterotrophy in mature orchids is a continuation of the protocorm stage by sustaining the expression of trehalase genes. Our results shed light on the molecular mechanism underlying initial, partial and full mycoheterotrophy.
Low-overhead distribution strategy for simulation and optimization of large-area metasurfaces
Authors: Skarda Jinhie , Trivedi Rahul , Su Logan , Ahmad-Stein Diego , Kwon Hyounghan , Han Seunghoon , Fan Shanhui , Vučković Jelena 
Published: April 2022

AbstractFast and accurate electromagnetic simulation of large-area metasurfaces remains a major obstacle in automating their design. In this paper, we propose a metasurface simulation distribution strategy which achieves a linear reduction in the simulation time with the number of compute nodes. Combining this distribution strategy with a GPU-based implementation of the Transition-matrix method, we perform accurate simulations and adjoint sensitivity analysis of large-area metasurfaces. We demonstrate ability to perform a distributed simulation of large-area metasurfaces (over 600λ × 600λ), while accurately accounting for scatterer-scatterer interactions significantly beyond the locally periodic approximation.
Single-crystalline-level properties of ultrathin SrRuO3 flexible membranes with wide and clean surface
Authors: Kim Dongha , Jung Wook Ki , Lee Shinbuhm 
Published: April 2022

AbstractTransferring single-crystalline (SC) membranes to flexible substrates has been increasingly studied, enabling emerging functionality and enhanced performance of various devices. A commonly used support-assisted transfer process inevitably leaves dirty residue on material surfaces, limiting the further development of surface-related applications. Here, we scale down the thickness of flexible SC SrRuO3(SRO) membranes to 15 nm with a clean surface area of 2.5 × 2.5 mm2. This is accomplished by making the polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate surface hydrophilic via oxygen plasma treatment, thereby reducing the surface tension. The ultrathin, clean, wide, and flexible SC SRO membranes guarantee a high transmittance of up to 60%, a low resistivity of 10−4−10−3Ω cm at room temperature, and band ferromagnetism below 150 K with a high magnetic moment of ~0.5μB/Ru at 10 K. The SC-level properties of our SRO membranes imply their potential use in state-of-the-art platforms for next-generation electronics and energy devices.
Scalable and low-cost fabrication of flexible WS2 photodetectors on polycarbonate
Authors: Quereda Jorge , Kuriakose Sruthi , Munuera Carmen , Mompean Federico J. , Al-Enizi Abdullah M. , Nafady Ayman , Diez Enrique , Frisenda Riccardo , Castellanos-Gomez Andres 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWe present a low-cost and easy-to-implement technique to fabricate large-area WS2 photodetector devices onto transparent and flexible polycarbonate substrates. The method relies on the deposition of large-area (in the cm scale) thin films (~30 nm thick) of WS2 by a recently introduced abrasion-induced method. Interdigitated electrical contacts are then deposited by thermal evaporation through a shadow mask. The photodetectors present well-balanced performances with an good trade-off between responsivity (up to 144 mA/W at a source-drain voltage of 10 V and illumination power of 1 μW) and response time (down to ~70 µs) and a detectivity value of 108 Jones. We found that the devices perform very reversibly upon several illumination and straining cycles and we found a moderate device-to-device variation.
A comparative study of the dissolution mechanisms of amorphous and crystalline feldspars at acidic pH conditions
Authors: Cagnon Benjamin , Daval Damien , Cabié Martiane , Lemarchand Damien , Gin Stéphane 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe dissolution of amorphous and crystalline oligoclase, a Na-feldspar with traces of Ca and K, was investigated at 90 °C and acidic pH of 1.5 and 3 to unravel the impact of long- and short-range orders on silicate dissolution mechanisms. Experiments were conducted in solutions spiked with 29SiO2(aq) and saturated with respect to SiO2(am). Through morphology, structural, and composition characterizations, we showed that on the amorphous samples (glass samples), the altered layer was mostly formed by leaching, while a combination of both interfacial precipitation and leaching explains the layers formed on the crystalline sample. As expected, the altered layer was thicker at the most acidic pH and it became passivating on crystalline sample at pH 3. The alteration was faster on amorphous oligoclase than on its crystalline equivalent due to the more open structure of the glass. The preferential release of Al was suggested to play a key role, by weakening the silicate network of both substrates. Finally, in this study, a large overestimation of the global alteration of the materials was noticed based on the solution analyses. Discrepancies with solid analyses were attributed to an underestimation (≥2-fold factor) of the total reactive surface area.
Plasma branched-chain and aromatic amino acids correlate with the gut microbiota and severity of Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Zhang Yi , He Xiaoqin , Qian Yiwei , Xu Shaoqing , Mo Chengjun , Yan Zheng , Yang Xiaodong , Xiao Qin 
Published: April 2022

AbstractDisturbances of circulating amino acids have been demonstrated in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, there have been no consistent results for branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) and aromatic amino acids (AAAs), and related factors have not been explored. We aimed to explore plasma BCAA and AAA profiles in PD patients, and identify their correlations with clinical characteristics and the gut microbiota. Plasma BCAA (leucine, isoleucine, and valine) and AAA (tyrosine and phenylalanine) levels were measured in 106 PD patients and 114 controls. Fecal samples were collected from PD patients for microbiota sequencing and functional analysis. We found that plasma BCAAs and tyrosine were decreased in PD patients. BCAAs and AAAs were correlated with clinical characteristics and microbial taxa, and, in particular, they were negatively correlated with the Hoehn and Yahr stage. Compared with early PD patients, BCAA and AAA levels were even lower, and microbial composition was altered in advanced PD patients. Predictive functional analysis indicated that predicted genes numbers involved in BCAA biosynthesis were lower in advanced PD patients. What’s more, the fecal abundances of critical genes (ilvB,ilvC,ilvD, andilvN) involved in BCAA biosynthesis were reduced and fecal BCAA concentrations were lower in advanced PD patients. In conclusion, the disturbances of plasma BCAAs and AAAs in PD patients may be related to the gut microbiota and exacerbated with PD severity. The microbial amino acid metabolism may serve as a potential mechanistic link.
Microscopic evidence for anisotropic multigap superconductivity in the CsV3Sb5 kagome superconductor
Authors: Gupta Ritu , Das Debarchan , Mielke III Charles Hillis , Guguchia Zurab , Shiroka Toni , Baines Christopher , Bartkowiak Marek , Luetkens Hubertus , Khasanov Rustem , Yin Qiangwei , Tu Zhijun , Gong Chunsheng , Lei Hechang 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe recently discovered kagome superconductor CsV3Sb5 (Tc ≃ 2.5 K) has been found to host charge order as well as a non-trivial band topology, encompassing multiple Dirac points and probable surface states. Such a complex and phenomenologically rich system is, therefore, an ideal playground for observing unusual electronic phases. Here, we report anisotropic superconducting properties of CsV3Sb5 by means of transverse-field muon spin rotation (μSR) experiments. The fits of temperature dependences of in-plane and out-of-plane components of the magnetic penetration depth suggest that the superconducting order parameter may have a two-gap (s + s)-wave symmetry. The multiband nature of superconductivity could be further supported by the different temperature dependences of the anisotropic magnetic penetration depth γλ(T) and upper critical field $${\gamma }_{{{{{\rm{B}}}}}_{{{{\rm{c}}}}2}}(T)$$

γ

B

c
2

(

T

)

. The relaxation rates obtained from zero field μSR experiments do not show noticeable change across the superconducting transition, indicating that superconductivity does not break time reversal symmetry.
Optimizing maturity and dose of iPSC-derived dopamine progenitor cell therapy for Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Hiller Benjamin M. , Marmion David J. , Thompson Cayla A. , Elliott Nathaniel A. , Federoff Howard , Brundin Patrik , Mattis Virginia B. , McMahon Christopher W. , Kordower Jeffrey H. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn pursuit of treating Parkinson’s disease with cell replacement therapy, differentiated induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) are an ideal source of midbrain dopaminergic (mDA) cells. We previously established a protocol for differentiating iPSC-derived post-mitotic mDA neurons capable of reversing 6-hydroxydopamine-induced hemiparkinsonism in rats. In the present study, we transitioned the iPSC starting material and defined an adapted differentiation protocol for further translation into a clinical cell transplantation therapy. We examined the effects of cellular maturity on survival and efficacy of the transplants by engrafting mDA progenitors (cryopreserved at 17 days of differentiation, D17), immature neurons (D24), and post-mitotic neurons (D37) into immunocompromised hemiparkinsonian rats. We found that D17 progenitors were markedly superior to immature D24 or mature D37 neurons in terms of survival, fiber outgrowth and effects on motor deficits. Intranigral engraftment to the ventral midbrain demonstrated that D17 cells had a greater capacity than D24 cells to innervate over long distance to forebrain structures, including the striatum. When D17 cells were assessed across a wide dose range (7,500-450,000 injected cells per striatum), there was a clear dose response with regards to numbers of surviving neurons, innervation, and functional recovery. Importantly, although these grafts were derived from iPSCs, we did not observe teratoma formation or significant outgrowth of other cells in any animal. These data support the concept that human iPSC-derived D17 mDA progenitors are suitable for clinical development with the aim of transplantation trials in patients with Parkinson’s disease.