bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Maternal anemia and high hemoglobin concentrations and association with adverse maternal and infant health outcomes: an updated global systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Young Melissa F. , Oaks Brietta M. , Rogers Hannah Paige , Tandon Sonia , Martorell Reynaldo , Dewey Kathryn G. , Wendt Amanda S. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background Growing evidence suggests low and high maternal hemoglobin (Hb) concentrations may have adverse consequences for maternal and child health. There remain questions on specific Hb thresholds to define anemia and high Hb as well as how cutoffs may vary by anemia etiology and timing of assessment. Methods We conducted an updated systematic review (using PubMed and Cochrane Review) on the association between anemia (< 110 g/L) and high (≥ 130 g/L) maternal Hb concentrations at different stages of gestation (preconception; first, second, and third trimesters), as well as at any time point in pregnancy, and a range of maternal and infant health outcomes. We examined different cutoffs for defining anemia and high hemoglobin concentrations and performed stratified analyses by iron-deficiency anemia. We conducted a meta-analysis to obtain odds ratios, (OR), 95% confidence intervals. Results The updated systematic review included 148 studies. Anemia at any timepoint in pregnancy was associated with: low birthweight, LBW (OR (95% CI) 1.28 (1.22–1.35)), very low birthweight, VLBW (2.15 (1.47–3.13)), preterm birth, PTB (1.35 (1.29–1.42)), small-for-gestational age, SGA (1.11 (1.02–1.19)), stillbirth 1.43 (1.24–1.65)), perinatal mortality (1.75 (1.28–2.39)), neonatal mortality (1.25 (1.16–1.34), postpartum hemorrhage (1.69 (1.45–1.97)), transfusion (3.68 (2.58–5.26)), pre-eclampsia (1.57 (1.23–2.01)), and prenatal depression (1.44 (1.24–1.68)). For maternal mortality, the OR was higher when anemia was defined as Hb < 90 (4.83 (2.17–10.74)) compared with Hb < 100 (2.87 (1.08–7.67)). High maternal Hb was associated with: VLBW (1.35 (1.16–1.57)), PTB (1.12 (1.00-1.25)), SGA (1.17 (1.09–1.25)), stillbirth (1.32 (1.09–1.60)), maternal mortality (2.01 (1.12–3.61)), gestational diabetes (1.71 (1.19–2.46)), and pre-eclampsia (1.34 (1.16–1.56)). Stronger associations were noted earlier in pregnancy for anemia and adverse birth outcomes while the role of timing of high Hb was inconsistent. For anemia, lower cutoffs were associated with greater odds of poor outcomes; for high Hb, data were too limited to identify patterns. Information on anemia etiology was limited; relationships did not vary by iron-deficiency anemia. Conclusions Both anemia and high maternal Hb concentrations during pregnancy are strong predictors of adverse maternal and infant health outcomes. Additional research is need to establish healthy reference ranges and design effective interventions to optimize maternal Hb during pregnancy.
A mobile application to reduce death anxiety during the covid-19 pandemic: design of a high-fidelity prototype
Authors: Shakeri Aliakbar , Saeidnia Hamid Reza , Keshavarz Hamid , Babajani Afshin , Mohammadzadeh Zahra 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Individuals, organizations and society were all affected during the COVID-19 pandemic, which increased the level of death anxiety among people and patients. In cases of anxiety disorders such as death anxiety, exposure therapy is an effective and basic treatment method for which developing mobile-based applications and contents would help medical practitioners significantly. The current research aimed at reducing the burden of COVID-19 death anxiety by developing a prototype for a proposed mobile application.
Methods
The current article presents findings from an early project stage namely Exposure Therapy in Iran in which multiple interviews were conducted with psychologists for identifying criteria for content production. Afterward, two online workshops were held to develop a prototype for the user interface of the proposed application.
Result
Based on the interviews, contents on subjects like near-death experiences, habit control, death imagery, self-confidence, and anxiety management are the most essential criteria to be included in the mobile application. The online workshops emphasized the ease of use and usefulness of the mobile application. Finally, a prototype was designed as an initial version with the Figma software through high-fidelity technique.
Conclusions
For designing and developing suitable applications to relieve the anxiety caused by COVID-19 death, the identified criteria for content production and the proposed prototype would help software designers to develop related applications in the current challenging time.
Therapeutic effect and mechanism of Daikenchuto in a model of methotrexate-induced acute small intestinal mucositis
Authors: Li Peilin , Inoue Yusuke , Miyamoto Daisuke , Adachi Toshiyuki , Okada Satomi , Adachi Tomohiko , Soyama Akihiko , Hidaka Masaaki , Kanetaka Kengo , Ito Shinichiro , Sadatomi Daichi , Mogami Sachiko , Fujitsuka Naoki , Gu Weili , Eguchi Susumu 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Daikenchuto (DKT) has positive therapeutic effects on improving various gastrointestinal disorders. The present study investigated whether or not DKT has a potential therapeutic effect on chemotherapy-induced acute small intestinal mucositis (CIM) in a rat model. Intraperitoneal injection of 10 mg/kg methotrexate (MTX) every 3 days for a total of 3 doses was used for induction of CIM in a rat model. The MTX and DKT-MTX groups were injected with MTX as above from the first day, and the DKT-MTX and DKT groups were administered 2.7% DKT via the diet at the same time. The Control and DKT groups were given the same volume of placebo. The body weights, food intake and plasma diamine oxidase (DAO) levels were measured every three days. The rats were euthanized on day 15, and small intestinal samples were collected for histological, histochemical, and mRNA analyses. The DKT-MTX group showed an improvement in the body weight and conditions of gastrointestinal disorders as well as increased levels of DAO in plasma and in the small intestinal villi. The pathology results showed that small intestinal mucosal injury in the DKT-MTX group was less severe than that in the MTX group. Immunohistochemistry for myeloperoxidase and malondialdehyde and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) for TGF-β1 and HIF-1α showed that DKT attenuated peroxidative damage and inflammatory responses. The crypts in the DKT-MTX group contained more Ki-67-positive cells than MTX group. The ZO-1 immunofluorescence results showed that DKT promoted repair of the small intestinal mucosal barrier. RT-qPCR for the amino acid transporters EAAT3 and BO+AT also confirmed that DKT promoted mucosal repair and thus promoted nutrient absorption in the small intestine. DKT protected against MTX-induced CIM in a rat model by reducing inflammation, stimulating cell proliferation, and stabilizing the mucosal barrier.
Effects of capping on microbial populations and contaminants immobilization in an old unlined landfill
Authors: Morita Alice Kimie Martins , Sakamoto Isabel K. , Varesche Maria Bernadete Amancio , Wendland Edson 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This research aimed at evaluating the effects of capping on the mitigation of impacts generated by a closed unlined landfill in São Carlos, SP, Brazil. Physicochemical and microbiological analyses (16S rRNA sequencing) of buried solid waste samples were performed, in capped and uncapped areas. Even though leachate pockets could still be encountered in capped areas, the capping construction reduced oxygen availability and created more reducing conditions, propitiating the development of sulfate-reducing bacteria and possibly contributing to the precipitation of the metals Pb, Cd, Ni, Co, As, and Zn as metal sulfides, causing their immobilization. The microbial populations adapted to the anaerobic conditions created under capped zones belonged to the phyla Firmicutes, Chloroflexi and Euryarchaeota and the genera Methanosaeta, Hydrogenispora, Smithella,and Gelria. Differently, the phyla Acidobacteria, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Actinobacteria were more abundant in samples from the uncapped zones, in which the abundance of different genera varied homogeneously. Methanogenic activity was not impaired by the intervention measure, as assessed by the Specific Methanogenic Activity (SMA). Capping of old unlined landfills brings benefits to the immobilization of metals and does not impair microbial degradation, being effective for the mitigation of impacts on soils and water resources.
The occipito-atlantal cistern
Authors: Li Yun-Fei , Wei Rui-Xue , Yang Kai-Qi , Hack Gary D , Chi Yan-Yan , Tang Wei , Sui Xue-Jun , Zhang Meng-Liang , Sui Hong-Jin , Yu Sheng-Bo 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

The cisterna magna has been defined as the space between the inferior margin of the cerebellar vermis to the level of the foramen magnum, while an enlarged dorsal subarachnoid space at the occipito-cervical junction extending from the foramen magnum to the upper border of the axis (C2) is still ignored. Recently, the myodural bridge complex is proved to drive the cerebral spinal fluid flowing via this region, we therefore introduce the “occipito-atlantal cistern (OAC)” to better describe the subarachnoid space and provide a detailed rationale. The present study utilized several methods, including MRI, gross anatomical dissection, P45 sheet plastination, and three-dimensional visualization. OAC was observed to be an enlarge subarachnoid space, extending from the foramen magnum to the level of the C2. In the median sagittal plane, OAC was a funnel shape and its anteroposterior dimensions were 15.92 ± 4.20 mm at the level of the C0, 4.49 ± 1.25 mm at the level of the posterior arch of the C1, and 2.88 ± 0.77mm at the level of the arch of the C2, respectively. In the median sagittal plane, the spino-dural angle of the OAC was calculated to be 35.10 ± 6.91 degrees, and the area of OAC was calculated to be 232.28 ± 71.02 mm2. The present study provides OAC is a subarachnoid space independent from the cisterna magna. Because of its distinctive anatomy, as well as theoretical and clinical significance, OAC deserves its own name.
Flexitraits, natural chemical tracers of plant competition and productivity in Pacific mangroves
Authors: Fry Brian , O’Mara Kaitlyn , Riekenberg Philip M. , Wassenaar Leonard I. , Cormier Nicole 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Metabolomic and genomic markers have helped diagnose evolutionary pressures and environmental responses in plants. Here we use a different set of metrics, 17 biochemical measures made at the whole tissue or bulk tissue level, to study resource use and productivity among Pacific mangroves. Three mangrove species Bruguiera gynmorhiza (BRGY), Rhizphora apiculate (RHAP), and Sonneratia albans (SOAL) were studied across 5 sites on the island of Kosrae, Federated States of Micronesia with measurements of the following chemical metrics: C, N, P, K, Na, Mg, Ca, B, S, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn elements and isotope values d2H, d13C, d15N, and d34S. Species were remarkably distinct in chemical profiles, showing significant differences across all metrics. This indicated long-term resource use partitioning and optimization, with metrics showing physiology and patch-related differences. The patch differences meant that metrics were not really fixed in species, but represented flexible traits (“flexitraits”) in fingerprinting mangrove ecology. Effects of tree harvesting could be fingerprinted with the metrics at one of the Kosrae sites. Modeling showed two results. 1) Conservation efforts aimed at enhancing abundance of conservative species like BRGY that have low N and P probably should involve removal of competing SOAL and RHAP rather than nutrient reductions. 2) While P most limited mangrove growth rates, water was a strongly co-limiting factor. This study introduces a new physiological parameter to plant ecology, a water-to-phosphorus ratio, “normalized d13C/P” or “f13C/P”, that should generally help diagnose how plant N and P nutrient use can be co-limited by water.
Participation, production, satisfaction and recommendation of academic leagues: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Goergen Diego Inácio , Magadan Eduarda Druck , Antonello Ivan Carlos Ferreira , Poli-de-Figueiredo Carlos Eduardo 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The academic leagues are collectives of students, under teacher supervision, formatted as a regular longitudinal program of university extension. They are very common on Brazilian medical schools and are gaining even more ground among the extracurricular activities.
PURPOSE: To evaluate the activities of medical students who participate in academic leagues and their influence on professional training.
METHOD: Exploratory, quantitative, and descriptive cross-sectional study using an online questionnaire for students in the last two years of graduation at a medical school in Rio Grande do Sul/Brazil, in January and February 2022.
RESULTS: Sample of 71 students (36.4% of the total population). On average, each student participated in 3.56 (± 1.55) leagues. Students who were already in their sixth year, who had published a paper, or who had average grades above 8.6 reported participation in a significantly higher average number of leagues. The more leagues the student participated and the more satisfied he was with them, the more he recommended participation to other students. In addition to the leagues, the average participation in different complementary activities by students was 3.00 (± 1.01) activities, especially internships, tutoring, volunteering, and scientific initiation. The average number of papers published was 1.12 (±1.35), with 31 students (43.66%) without any publications. The correlation between the number of leagues per student and papers published was positive, with a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.89.
CONCLUSIONS: Students usually enter academic leagues early, participating in many of them, in addition to participating in other complementary activities. Participation in leagues is associated with complementary activities and the publication of scientific papers. Satisfied academics refer league participation to their peers, creating a cycle of increased participation among students. Academic leagues are complementary activities that have a positive impact on the training of medical students.
Conservation of Brown bears (Ursus arctos) by preserving the Persian oak forests
Authors: Salehi Alireza 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The mountain forest region of Zagros in west of Iran is one of the most important habitats for brown bear. The brown bear in Iran is declared as a protected species. This study aims to map areas of brown bears occurrence and present a descriptive relationship between the spatial distributions of brown bears and different types of land cover-use in the province of Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahamd located in southern Zagros. Data collection was accomplished from the Mid-September to the end of 2018. The snowball sampling method was used to find the interviewees who were aware about the presence of brown bears in different parts of the province. Survey respondents were given a detailed large-scale map of the province to mark the locations of their brown bear observations. The marked points were transferred to a GIS map and were buffered with home range sizes of adult brown bears (female and male) from a similar region to generate a map of relative high and low density of the presence of the brown bears. Overlying the created density map with the land cover- use map and the map of the Protected Areas (PAs) shows that the territory of the bears comprise about 38% of the total area of the province. Only about 20% of the territory is located within the PAs. Woodland and low-density forests cover about 99.8% and 50% of the territory of the bears in PAs and areas out of PAs, respectively.
Outcomes of Liver Diseases in Pregnant Females: A Study from a Large Tertiary Care Medical Center in Pakistan.
Authors: Butt Nazish , Ali Sabir , Yasmeen Haleema , Awan Ushna Jawwad , Mumtaz Khalid 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Purpose: Liver diseases are uncommon in pregnant females but challenging to manage. The present study aimed to determine the etiologies and outcomes of liver disease in pregnancy in a developing country.
Methodology: We included a total of 336 consecutive pregnant women with liver disease seen at the Department of Gastroenterology, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center from August 2019 to August 2021. Patients’ baseline demographic, clinical, and laboratory data and outcomes were collected on a pre-designed questionnaire.
Results: Among all the pregnant females, the most common liver disease was acute hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection (37.2%), followed by preeclampsia/eclampsia, hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes & low platelets (HELLP) syndrome, and hyperemesis gravidarum (HG). The most common maternal complications were a fulminant hepatic failure (FHF) in 14.9% and placental abruption in 11.0%. Fetal complications included intrauterine death (IUD) in 20.8% and preterm birth in 8.6%. The maternal and neonatal mortality rates were 11.6% and 39.6%, respectively. Among the predictors, low maternal weight, low body mass index (BMI), low hemoglobin (Hb), were associated with the increased maternal mortality. Low fetal weight, height, low maternal systolic blood pressure (SBP), low maternal Hb were the independent predictors of fetal mortality.
Conclusion: In our cohort of pregnant females in a tertiary care medical center, acute HEV was the most common liver disease, followed by preeclampsia/eclampsia, HELLP, and HG. Maternal and fetal deaths were alarming in this group of patients and demand careful management.
Comparison between retrolaminar and medial branch block in cervical facet joint arthropathy: Randomized, controlled trial
Authors: Abdelghaffar Nevert A. ,   2. Basem I. Awad
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background Cervical facet joints are considered one of the causes of chronic posterior neck pain by 54–67%. Cervical medial branch nerve blocks (CMBB) or neurolysis and intra-articular injections have been described for relieving the neck pain originate from facet joint. Methods Patients were randomly allocated into one of two groups: CMBB group where CMBB was performed at the affected dermatomal level and one level above using 0.5 mL dexamethasome (8mg/2ml) and 0.5 mL 1% lidocaine in each level, while in the cervical retrolaminar block (CRB) group, CRB was performed using 2 mL dexamethasone (4mg/1ml) and 3 mL 1% lidocaine for each affected dermatomal level. Numerical rating score (NRS) was carried out for all patients before the procedure, 2 weeks, 2 and 3 months after the procedure (where zero equals no pain and 10 equals the worst pain). Neck Disability Index (NDI) was done before the procedure and 2 weeks after the procedure. Any complication has been monitored as vascular injury, pneumothorax and epidural or spinal injection. Results NRS and NDI improved in both group with no statistically significant difference between them. The time of the procedure was shorter in CRB group, while the vascular injury was higher in CMBB group. Conclusions CRB is a good alternative to CMBB in the management of cervical facet joint pain with similar pain relief, better NDI, shorter time of procedure and no serious complications. Trial registration: registered in the clinical trials.gov (NCT05184881 ) at 11/01/2022
Response Rates of Extra-Nodal Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma to anti CD19-CAR T Cells - a Real Word Retrospective Multi-Center Study
Authors: Beyar-Katz Ofrat , Perry Chava , Bar-On Yael , Grisariu Sigal , Yehudai-Ofir Dana , Luttwak Efrat , Avni Batia , Zuckerman Tsila , Sdayoor Inbal , Stepensky Polina , Ringelstein-Harlev Shimrit , Libster Diana , Sharvit Liat , Amit Odelia , Greenbaum Uri , Gold Ronit , Herishanu Yair , Benyamini Noam , Avivi Irit , Ram Ron 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor T-cells (CAR-T) are widely used for the treatment of relapsed/refractory Diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL). The data for CAR-T cell therapy in patients with extra-nodal(EN) lymphoma is restricted. We included 126 consecutive patients with DLBCL treated with commercially available CAR-T cells (tisagenlecleucel, n=100, 79.4% and axicabtagene ciloleucel, n=26, 20.6%). At lymphodepletion , 72/126(57%) had EN disease, 42/126(33%) patients had nodal disease (ND)-only and 12/126(10%) showed no disease assessed by PET-CT. There were no significant differences in CAR-T related toxicities and in the median PFS between EN patients and ND [10.76(95% CI: 7.8-13.6) vs 14.1 (95% CI:10-18.1) months, p =0.126)]. Similarly, median OS was not significantly different [15.36 (95% CI 12.5-18.2) vs. 18.4 (95% CI 14.8-22.1) months , p =0.100]. Subgroup analysis according to the number of EN involved sites showed that median PFS and OS were significantly higher in patients with ≤ 2 EN sites [12.3 months (95% CI 9-15.5)] vs 4.28 months (95% CI 0.6-7.9), p=0.010] compared to patients with ≥3 EN sites, respectively[16.5 months (95% CI 13.4-19.6) vs 8.7 months (95% CI 4.6-12.8), p=0.05]. In multivariate cox regression analysis, increased number sites of EN disease and high LDH at lymphodepletion negatively impacted PFS (p=0.021 and <0.001, respectively), while sex, type of product administered, age and performance status did not predict PFS and OS. Of note, all the patients with involvement of gastrointestinal tract (n= 9), urinary tract (n= 9), or pharynx (n= 3) at lymphodepletion progressed or had an early relapse.
In conclusions, both short and long term outcomes were similar in patients with EN and patients with ND at lymphodepletion, however patients with specific sites of EN disease may demonstrate grim prognosis.
Methane Converted in Methanol and Energy Using a PdCu/TiO 2 in a Polymer Electrolyte Reactor – Fuel Cell Type
Authors: Godoi Camila M. , Coelho Jessica F. , Maia Victoria A. , Gomes Paulo V. R. , Zambiazi Priscilla J. , Neto Almir O. , Souza Rodrigo F.B. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Thus, the catalytic conversion of greenhouse gases such as methane into liquid fuels facilitated by the input of electrical energy presents an immense opportunity for new energy sources. This work presents a series of catalysts based on Pd-doped with Cu supported on TiO2 to evaluate the electrocatalytic activity in a fuel cell reactor for the conversion of methane to methanol and energy co-generation. The nanostructures of the catalytic materials were analyzed by TEM and by XRD. To monitor the oxidation products obtained from the methane oxidation, such as methanol and formate were employed the FTIR and Raman spectroscopy was used to qualify the methanol formation, and the HPLC was used to quantify this product. Thus, the use of TiO2 support shows promising results for the conversion of methane to methanol. In addition, the presence of Pd favors the formation of alcohol in addition to increasing the electrical power of FC.