bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preoperative Anemia Is a Predictor of Worse Postoperative Outcomes Following Open Pancreatoduodenectomy: A Propensity Score-Based Analysis
Authors: Xu Jing-Yong , Tian Xiao-Dong , Yang Yin-Mo , Song Jing-Hai , Wei Jun-Min 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundPreoperative anemia is a common clinical situation proved to be associated with severe outcomes in major surgeries, but not in pancreatic surgery. We aim to study the impact of preoperative anemia on morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing open pancreatoduodenectomy and use propensity score matching (PSM) to balance the basal data and reduce bias.MethodsWe analyzed the data of consecutive patients undergoing open pancreatoduodenectomy with a complete record of preoperative hemoglobin, at two pancreatic centers in China between 2015 and 2019. Anemia is defined as hemoglobin less than 12 g/dl for male and 11 g/dl for female, following Chinese criteria. We compared clinical and economic outcomes before and after PSM and used logistic regression analysis to assess the correlation between variables and anemia.ResultsThe unmatched initial cohort consisted of 517 patients. A total of 148 cases (28.6%) were diagnosed with anemia at admission, and no case received a preoperative blood transfusion or anti-anemia therapy. After PSM, there were 126 cases in each group. The rate of severe postoperative complications was significantly higher in the anemia group than in the normal group (43.7% vs. 27.0%, p = 0.006), among which the differences in prevalence of clinically relevant postoperative pancreatic fistula (CR-POPF) (31.0% vs. 15.9%, p = 0.005) and cardiac and cerebrovascular events (4.0% vs. 0.0%, p = 0.024) were the most significant. The costs involved were more in the anemia group (26958.2 ± 21671.9 vs. 20987.7 ± 10237.9 USD, p = 0.013). Among anemic patients, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis shows the cut-off value of hemoglobin, below which, patients are prone to suffer from major complications (104.5 g/l in male and 90.5 g/l in female). Among all patients, multivariate analysis showed that preoperative obstructive jaundice [odds ratio (OR) = 1.813, 95% confidence interval (CI) (1.206–2.725), p = 0.004] and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma [OR = 1.861, 95% CI (1.178–2.939), p = 0.008] were predictors of anemia. Among paired patients, preoperative anemia [OR = 2.593, 95% CI (1.481–5.541), p = 0.001] and malignant pathology [OR = 4.266, 95% CI (1.597–11.395), p = 0.004] were predictors of postoperative severe complications.ConclusionPreoperative anemia is a predictor of worse postoperative outcomes following open pancreatoduodenectomy and needs to be identified and treated.
MicroRNA Expression Profiling in Age-Dependent Renal Impairment
Authors: Yanai Katsunori , Kaneko Shohei , Ishii Hiroki , Aomatsu Akinori , Hirai Keiji , Ookawara Susumu , Morishita Yoshiyuki 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundAge-dependent renal impairment contributes to renal dysfunction in both the general population and young and middle-aged patients with renal diseases. Pathological changes in age-dependent renal impairment include glomerulosclerosis and tubulointerstitial fibrosis. The molecules involved in age-dependent renal impairment are not fully elucidated. MicroRNA (miRNA) species were reported to modulate various renal diseases, but the miRNA species involved in age-dependent renal impairment are unclear. Here, we investigated miRNAs in age-dependent renal impairment, and we evaluated their potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets.MethodsWe conducted an initial microarray profiling analysis to screen miRNAs whose expression levels changed in kidneys of senescence-accelerated resistant (SAMR1)-10-week-old (wk) mice and SAMR1-50wk mice and senescence-accelerated prone (SAMP1)-10wk mice and SAMP1-50wk mice. We then evaluated the expressions of differentially expressed miRNAs in serum from 13 older patients (&gt;65 years old) with age-dependent renal impairment (estimated glomerular filtration ratio &lt;60 mL/min/1.73 m2) by a quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and compared the expressions with those of age-matched subjects with normal renal function. We also administered miRNA mimics or inhibitors (5 nmol) with a non-viral vector (polyethylenimine nanoparticles: PEI-NPs) to SAMP1-20wk mice to investigate the therapeutic effects.ResultsThe qRT-PCR revealed a specific miRNA (miRNA-503-5p) whose level was significantly changed in SAMP1-50wk mouse kidneys in comparison to the controls. The expression level of miRNA-503-5p was upregulated in the serum of the 13 patients with age-dependent renal impairment compared to the age-matched subjects with normal renal function. The administration of a miRNA-503-5p-inhibitor with PEI-NPs decreased the miRNA-503-5p expression levels, resulting in the inhibition of renal fibrosis in mice via an inhibition of a pro-fibrotic signaling pathway and a suppression of glomerulosclerosis in mice by inhibiting intrinsic signaling pathways.ConclusionThe serum levels of miRNA-503-5p were decreased in patients with age-dependent renal impairment. However, inhibition of miRNA-503-5p had no effect on age-dependent renal impairment, although inhibition of miRNA-503-5p had therapeutic effects on renal fibrosis and glomerulosclerosis in anin vivoanimal model. These results indicate that miRNA-503-5p might be related to age-dependent renal impairment.
Cytokine Profile in Aqueous Humor of Patients With Ocular Toxocariasis
Authors: Jiang Zhaoxin , Sun Limei , Ding Xiaohu , Zhang Ting , Li Songshan , Ding Xiaoyan 
Published: May 2022

PurposeOcular toxocariasis (OT) is a vision-threatening disease with a largely unknown intraocular pathogenesis. Herein, we determined the cytokine expression profile in aqueous humor (AH) of patients with OT.MethodsThis is a retrospective case-control study of cytokine levels in AH of patients with OT and uveitis and control subjects. Thirty samples from eyes with OT, 23 from eyes with non-OT uveitis, and 25 from eyes with age-related cataract were analyzed using a multiplexed magnetic bead immunoassay. Thirty-one cytokines were detected and classified into 5 categories: T-helper type 1 (Th1) -associated cytokines, Th2-associated cytokines, Th17 cytokine, proinflammatory mediators, and growth factors.ResultsIn the 31 cytokines, 9 cytokines were undetectable, including IL-1a, IL-1b, IL-2, IL-3, IL-12p70, IL-17A, TGF-a, TNF-β, and IFN-g. From the 22 cytokines, 13 exhibited significantly increased expression in the OT group than in the control group, including TNF-a, IFN-a2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-9, IL-10, IL-13, sCD40L, PDGF-AA, PDGF-AB/BB, FLT3l, and EGF. There were 5 cytokines exhibited significantly increased expression in the OT group than in non-OT group, including IL-5, IL-9, IL-10, IL-13, and PDGF-AA. There was no significantly decreased expression in any cytokines in the OT group when compared with control or non-OT groups. To the 5 cytokines that showed significant difference in OT group alone, IL-10 and IL-13 exhibited more than 13-fold increase, and IL-5 showed the most obvious as 27-fold increase in OT patients, when compared with that in control group.ConclusionThe cytokine profile expression in aqueous humor from patients with ocular toxocariasis was investigated, and our findings suggest that Th1 and Th17 cytokine responses are not enhanced, whereas the cytokine status was polarized toward a Th2 response. Our findings also suggest the involvement of IL-5, IL-10, and IL-13 in the immunopathogenesis of ocular toxocariasis.
Long-Term Cost-Effectiveness of Severity-Based Triaging for Large Vessel Occlusion Stroke
Authors: Gao Lan , Moodie Marj , Yassi Nawaf , Davis Stephen M. , Bladin Christopher F. , Smith Karen , Bernard Stephen , Stephenson Michael , Churilov Leonid , Campbell Bruce C. V. , Zhao Henry 
Published: May 2022

Background and Purpose:Pre-hospital severity-based triaging using the Ambulance Clinical Triage For Acute Stroke Treatment (ACT-FAST) algorithm has been demonstrated to substantially reduce time to endovascular thrombectomy in Melbourne, Australia. We aimed to model the cost-effectiveness of an ACT-FAST bypass system from the healthcare system perspective.MethodsA simulation model was developed to estimate the long-term costs and health benefits associated with diagnostic accuracy of the ACT-FAST algorithm. Three-month post stroke functional outcome was projected to the lifetime horizon to estimate the long-term cost-effectiveness between two strategies (ACT-FAST vs. standard care pathways). For ACT-FAST screened true positives (i.e., screened positive and eligible for EVT), a 52 mins time saving was applied unanimously to the onset to arterial time for EVT, while 10 mins delay in thrombolysis was applied for false-positive (i.e., screened positive but was ineligible for EVT) thrombolysis-eligible infarction. Quality-adjusted life year (QALY) was employed as the outcome measure to calculate the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) between the ACT-FAST algorithm and the current standard care pathway.ResultsOver the lifetime, ACT-FAST was associated with lower costs (–$45) and greater QALY gains (0.006) compared to the current standard care pathway, resulting in it being the dominant strategy (less costly but more health benefits). Implementing ACT-FAST triaging led to higher proportion of patients received EVT procedure (30 more additional EVT performed per 10,000 patients). The total Net Monetary Benefit from ACT-FAST care estimated at A$0.76 million based on its implementation for a single year.ConclusionsAn ACT-FAST severity-triaging strategy is associated with cost-saving and increased benefits when compared to standard care pathways. Implementing ACT-FAST triaging increased the proportion of patients who received EVT procedure due to more patients arriving at EVT-capable hospitals within the 6-h time window (when imaging selection is less rigorous).
The CSF Vancomycin Concentration in Patients With Post-operative Intracranial Infection Can Be Predicted by the WBCs to Total Cells Ratio and the Serum Trough Concentration
Authors: Fan Ming-Chao , Sun Jia-Lin , Sun Jian , Ma Jun-Wei , Wang Nian , Fang Wei 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundThe pharmacokinetics of vancomycin in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is an important basis for evaluating the bactericidal effect. The accuracy of using serum vancomycin concentrations only to estimate the CSF concentrations remains controversial, may lead to underdosing.ObjectivesThe aims of this study were to evaluate the vancomycin exposure in CSF, investigate the factors affecting the vancomycin blood–brain barrier (BBB) penetration, and to establish the prediction model of vancomycin concentration in CSF.MethodsEligible patients were included and given a standard dose of vancomycin. At the fifth dose, the blood and CSF samples were collected 0.5 h before the start of infusion of vancomycin, and 1, 2, 3, and 8 h from the start of infusion, and were measured by the enzyme-multiplied immunoassay technique using the Siemens Viva-E Drug Testing System.ResultsThe AUCCSF/serum of patients with intracranial infection was higher than that of patients without (p = 0.001). The CSF concentration was relatively stable between dosing periods (p = 0.095). The area under the concentration–time curve (AUC) ratio of CSF to serum (AUCCSF/serum) in patients with intracranial infection ranged from 15.1 to 80.1% (33.23 ± 19.31%; median, 26.25%). The CSF vancomycin AUC levels were affected by the serum trough concentration (B: 5.23 ± 2.36, t = 2.22, p = 0.039), and were mainly affected by the CSF white blood cells (WBCs)/total cells (B: 113.96 ± 35.10, t = 3.25, p = 0.004) (Y = −17.86 + 5.23 × serum trough concentration + 113.96 × CSF [WBCs/total cells]; R2 = 0.473, F = 8.542, p = 0.002).ConclusionsAfter intravenous administration of vancomycin, the CSF concentration curve was fluctuated gently. The CSF vancomycin concentration in patients with postoperative intracranial infection can be predicted by the WBCs to total cells ratio and the serum trough concentration, and help to adjust the administration of vancomycin.
Diagnostic Accuracy of Magnetic Resonance Enterography for the Evaluation of Active and Fibrotic Inflammation in Crohn’s Disease
Authors: Loch Florian N. , Kamphues Carsten , Beyer Katharina , Klauschen Frederick , Schineis Christian , Weixler Benjamin , Lauscher Johannes C. , Dorenbeck Marc , Bayerl Christian , Reiter Rolf 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundDespite the success of standard magnetic resonance enterography (MRE) in detecting Crohn’s disease (CD), characterization of strictures and, thus, therapy guidance is still limited. The aim of the study was to determine diagnostic accuracy of MRE in detecting or ruling out active inflammation and identifying fibrotic lesions in patients with terminal ileal CD with histopathology as reference.MethodsSixty-seven consecutive patients (median age 32 years, range 19–79 years) with terminal ileal CD were retrospectively enrolled between January 2015 and October 2020. The median interval between MRE and surgery was 9 days (range 0–86 days). Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value (PPV and NPV, respectively), and area under the curve (AUC) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for the MRE-based AIS (acute inflammation score) using the histopathology of surgical specimens as the reference standard.ResultsSensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV for detecting or ruling out active inflammation were 100% (CI, 0.94–1.00; 0.44–1.00; 0.93–1.00; 0.31–1.00) using an AIS cut-off of &gt;4.1. AUC was 1.00 (CI, 1.00–1.00; p &lt; 0.01). In all patients with fibrotic changes only and no active inflammation, AIS was &lt;4.1. Interobserver agreement was substantial (κ = 0.65, p &lt; 0.01).ConclusionOur study has shown an excellent diagnostic performance of the MRE-based AIS for determining whether active inflammation is present or lesions are due to chronic changes in ileal CD using the histopathology of surgical specimens as reference. These findings indicate that the MRE-based AIS allows a better determination of the inflammatory stage of terminal ileal CD, which facilitates the decision to perform surgery.
AUTOMATED CONTROL OF A GEOTHERMAL PLANT: THE CHOICE OF SOFTWARE TOOLS ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE KHANKALA GEOTHERMAL PLANT
Authors: Минцаев М. Ш. , Хакимов З. Л. , Лабазанов М. А. , Марсов В. И. , Илюхин А. В. 
Published: May 2022

В статье приведено общее описание автоматизированной системы управления технологическим процессом (АСУТП) действующей на Ханкальском месторождении геотермальной станции с циркуляционной схемой отбора глубинного тепла Земли. Приводится структура АСУТП как классической трехуровневой системы с описанием структуры, функционала различных уровней. Проведен краткий обзор имеющегося базового и специализированного программного обеспечения для разработки различных подсистем АСУТП и обоснован выбор наиболее оптимальных и рациональных программных решений. Проведен обзор, приведены сравнительные характеристики ряда языков программирования стандарта МЭК 61131-3 и приводится обоснование выбора языка FBD для создания управляющей программы. В заключении отмечается, что опытная и промышленная эксплуатации Ханкальской геотермальной станции подтвердили эффективность и надежность выбранных схемных и программно-аппаратных решений.
The article provides a general description of the automated process control system (APCS) of a geothermal station operating at the Khankala field with a circulating scheme for extracting the deep heat of the Earth.The structure of the automated process control system as a classical three-level system with a description of the structure and functionality of various levels is given.A brief review of the available basic and specialized software for the development of various subsystems of process control systems was carried out and the choice of the most optimal and rational software solutions was substantiated.A review is carried out, comparative characteristics of a number of programming languages of the IEC 61131-3 standard are given, and the rationale for choosing the FBD language for creating a control program is given.In conclusion, it is noted that the pilot and industrial operation of the Khankala geothermal station confirmed the effectiveness and reliability of the selected circuit and software and hardware solutions.
PROTECTION OF WEB CONTENT FROM ILLEGITIMATE ROBOTIC COPYING
Authors: Демина Р. Ю. , Ажмухамедов И. М. 
Published: May 2022

Владельцы онлайн-сервисов, содержащих какой-либо полезный контент или пользовательские данные заинтересованы в выявлении и блокировке роботизированного сбора информации. Парсинг часто применяется злоумышленниками с целью составления недобросовестной конкуренции в условиях рыночных отношений или даже мошенничества. Особый интерес также представляют пользовательские данные, которые предоставляются ими на различных сервисах. В статье рассмотрены как общие принципы сбора данных, так и типовые меры противодействия. Даны рекомендации по защите от парсинга как статически, так и динамически выводимого контента. Приведены примеры применения некоторых механизмов защиты от парсинга. Также рассмотрены способы защиты графического контента и особенности обнаружения ботов в онлайн-играх. В статье приведены примеры как успешной защиты от нелегитимного копирования, так и менее эффективной, по мнению авторов данной статьи.
Owners of online services containing any useful content or user data are interested in identifying and blocking the robotic collection of information. Parsing is often used by attackers to create unfair competition in market conditions or even fraud. Of particular interest is also the user data that they provide on various services. The article discusses both the general principles of data collection and typical countermeasures. Recommendations are given for protection against parsing of both statically and dynamically displayed content. Examples of application of some mechanisms of protection against parsing are given. Also considered are ways to protect graphic content and features of detecting bots in online games. The article provides examples of both successful protection against illegitimate copying, and less effective, according to the authors of this article.
Pengaruh Kualitas Pelayanan, Nilai Pelanggan, Kualitas Produk, Dan Harga Terhadap Kepuasan Pelanggan Ichiban Sushi Di Palembang Trade Center
Authors: Elvina Cindy , Lestari Retno Budi 
Published: May 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh kualitas pelayanan, nilai pelanggan, kualitas produk, dan harga terhadap kepuasan pelanggan Ichiban Sushi di Palembang Trade Center. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif yang dilakukan pada pelanggan Ichiban Sushi di Palembang Trade Center. Metode pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah non probability sampling dengan jenis purposive sampling dengan sampel sebanyak 230 responden. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel kualitas pelayanan, nilai pelanggan, kualitas produk, dan harga berpengaruh positif dan signifikan secara parsial dan simultan terhadap kepuasan pelanggan Ichiban Sushi di Palembang Trade Center.
Pengaruh Store Image, Store Atmosphere, Keragaman Produk, Dan Shopping Emotion Terhadap Impulse Buying (Studi Pada CV. Aladin Jaya Di Kota Palembang)
Authors: Vishella Vishella , Megawati Megawati 
Published: May 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis Store Image, Store Atmosphere, Keragaman Produk dan Shopping Emotion Terhadap Impulse Buying di CV. Aladin Jaya Kota Palembang secara parsial dan untuk menganalisis pengaruh Store Image, Store Atmosphere, Keragaman Produk dan Shopping Emotion Terhadap Impulse Buying di CV. Aladin Jaya Kota Palembang secara simultan. Metode yang digunakan untuk pengumpulan data yaitu melakukan penyebaran kuesioner dengan responden sebanyak 200 responden. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah pengunjung CV. Aladin Jaya Palembang. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan nonprobability sampling dengan metode purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa uji parsial (uji-t) variabel Store Image, Store Atmosphere, Keragaman Produk dan Shopping Emotion berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap Impulse Buying. Uji simultan (uji-F) membuktikan bahwa variabel independen adalah Store Image, Store Atmosphere, Keragaman Produk dan Shopping Emotion berpengaruh secara positif dan signifikan terhadap variabel dependen yaitu Impulse Buying.
Medo De Cair Em Idosos Com E Sem Dor Crônica Musculoesquelética
Authors: Magnani Carolina Aparecida Lopes Pereira , Moraes Julia Fernandes , Zanca Gisele Garcia 
Published: May 2022

O risco de quedas é uma das principais preocupações quanto à saúde de pessoas idosas. O medo de cair é considerado um dos fatores de risco para quedas e pode estar presente mesmo em idosos que nunca caíram. Há indícios de que o medo de cair possa ser maior em idosos com dor crônica. Sendo assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi investigar se há diferença no medo de cair entre idosos com e sem dor crônica musculoesquelética. Foram avaliados 30 idosos de ambos os sexos, sendo 20 com dor crônica musculoesquelética (idade média 77,4±9,7 anos) e 10 sem relato de dor (idade média 76,3±8,1 anos). O medo de cair foi avaliado por meio da versão brasileira da Falls Efficacy Scale International (FES-I). Os escores da FES-I foram comparados entre os grupos por meio do teste de Mann-Whitney, considerando um nível de significância de 5%. Não foi encontrada diferença significativa (p=0,66) entre os escores da FES-I dos idosos com dor crônica (28,05 ±8,91) comparados aos idosos sem relato de dor (25,27 ±4,84). Os resultados deste estudo sugerem que não há relação entre o medo de cair e a dor crônica entre idosos que vivem na comunidade. São necessários mais estudos com amostras mais representativas para melhor elucidação destas relações e seus mecanismos.
The Last Remaining Jesuit in China after Suppression in Europe
Authors: LIU Jingjing 
Published: May 2022

This paper will attempt to show the Jesuits’ situation in China and Russia through Fr Louis de Poirot (1735–1813 賀清泰)’s life. He was the last remaining Jesuit in China (the new Jesuits returned to mainland China on 11 June 1842), and was a link between the Old Jesuits and New Jesuits.The first section will introduce his life in the Chinese court. He was the last of the Western painters who worked for Qianlong along with Father Giuseppe Panzi. The two painters replaced the more famous fathers Giuseppe Castiglione and Jean-Denis Attiret. He was also in charge of the translation between Latin and Manchu for the diplomatic correspondence between Pekin and Saint Petersburg. He was the first to translate most of the Bible into Chinese and Manchu. The paper will show the attitude of Chinese Emperor and other official’s attitude to the suppression, Did they even care about the suppression of the Jesuits? What’s of any concern to them? The second section will present a precious letter received from Father General Brzozowski written on Sept. 25, 1806 with the help of the Russian ecclesiastical mission. Father General Brzozowski asked whether Fr Louis de Poirot had received Gruber’s permission to rejoin the Society and to enquire about the situation of the other fathers in China and the Chinese church. He also mentioned their attemption to enter China and the Jesuits’ situation all over the world.