bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spinal deformity surgery is accompanied by serious complications: report from the Morbidity and Mortality Database of the Scoliosis Research Society from 2013 to 2020
Authors: Bivona Louis J. , France John , Daly-Seiler Conor S. , Burton Douglas C. , Dolan Lori A. , Seale J. Justin , de Kleuver Marinus , Ferrero Emmanuelle , Gurd David P. , Konya Deniz , Lavelle William F. , Sarwahi Vishal , Suratwala Sanjeev J. , Yilgor Caglar , Li Ying 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The Morbidity and Mortality (M&M) report of the Scoliosis Research Society (SRS) has been collected since 1965 and since 1968 submission of complications has been required of all members. Since 2009, the SRS has collected information on death, blindness, and neurological deficit, with acute infection being added in 2012 and unintentional return to the operating room (OR) being added in 2017. In this report, we use the most recent data submitted to the SRS M&M database to determine the rate of neurological deficit, blindness, acute infection, unintentional return to the OR, and death, while also comparing this information to previous reports.

Methods
The SRS M&M database was queried for all cases from 2013 to 2020. The rates of death, vision loss, neurological deficit, acute infection, and unintentional return to the OR were then calculated and analyzed. The rates were compared to previously published data if available. Differences in complication rates between years were analyzed with Poisson regression with significance set at α = 0.05.

Results
The total number of cases submitted per year varied with a maximum of 49,615 in 2018 and a minimum of 40,464 in 2020. The overall reported complication rate from 2013 to 2020 was 2.86%. The overall mortality rate ranged from 0.09% in 2018 to 0.14% in 2015. The number of patients with visual impairment ranged from 4 to 13 between 2013 and 2015 (no data on visual impairment were collected after 2015). The overall infection rate varied from 0.95 in 2020 to 1.30% in 2015. When the infection rate was analyzed based on spinal deformity group, the neuromuscular scoliosis group consistently had the highest infection rate ranging from 3.24 to 3.94%. The overall neurological deficit rate ranged from 0.74 to 0.94%, with the congenital kyphosis and dysplastic spondylolisthesis groups having the highest rates. The rates of unintentional return to the OR ranged from 1.60 to 1.79%. Multiple groups showed a statistically significant decreasing trend for infection, return to the operating room, neurologic deficit, and death.

Conclusions
Neuromuscular scoliosis had the highest infection rate among all spinal deformity groups. Congenital kyphosis and dysplastic spondylolisthesis had the highest rate of neurological deficit postoperatively. This is similar to previously published data. Contrary to previous reports, neuromuscular scoliosis did not have the highest annual death rate. Multiple groups showed a statistically significant decreasing trend in complication rates during the reporting period, with only mortality in degenerative spondylolisthesis significantly trending upwards.

Level of evidence
Level III.
Persistent Genital Arousal Disorder/Genito-Pelvic Dysesthesia caused by Sacroiliac Joint Dysfunction
Authors: Zhang Yunxu , Su Li , Ge Hong , Wang Qiang 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIntroductionPersistent genital arousal disorder/genito-pelvic dysesthesia (PGAD/GPD) consists of persistent or recurrent unwanted sensations of genital arousal that may include other types of genito-pelvic dysesthesia, which occur without concomitant sexual interest or thoughts. There are multiple triggering factors for PGAD/GPD.AimTo report the case of a 38-year-old woman with low back pain and PGAD/GPD triggered by sacroiliac joint dysfunction.MethodsThe medical data of the female patient with low back pain and PGAD/GPD were reviewed and analyzed.ResultsResetting of the subluxated sacroiliac joint resulted in complete remission of the patient's symptoms.ConclusionSacroiliac joint dysfunction may be a trigger for PGAD/GPD in some cases. Lack of relevant knowledge among patients and healthcare providers is the biggest challenge of the proper diagnosis and treatment of PGAD/GPD at present.
Policy Dialogue: Twenty Years of Test-Based Accountability
Authors: Ravitch Diane , Forte Denise , Moss Princess , Reville Paul 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSince No Child Left Behind was signed into law, test-based accountability has become a core feature of the K-12 public education system in the United States. The approach, it would seem, is here to stay. Yet that is not to say that anything resembling a consensus has emerged. Over the past twenty years, critics have continued to raise questions about the theory of change underlying test-based accountability, and scholars have detailed a variety of unintended consequences associated with it.If test-based accountability is both likely to persist and imperfect in its design, then it is critical to consider how its shortcomings might be addressed. In service of that aim, and in keeping with the mission of this feature, this Policy Dialogue explores future possibilities by starting, first, with a look at the past. In this particular case, participants were asked to address one simple question: “What have we learned from two decades of high-stakes testing?”As regular readers of HEQ are aware, these dialogues usually feature a historian in conversation with a scholar or practitioner from the world of policy. In this case, the choice of Diane Ravitch was a natural one, particularly given the fact that she is a member of HEQ's editorial board. A research professor at New York University, she is also a former assistant US secretary of education and the author of several books about measurement and accountability.Rather than select a single interlocutor, however, the editors chose to pair her with three leaders who represent the broad range of viewpoints in the field: Denise Forte, Princess Moss, and Paul Reville. Denise Forte is the interim CEO of The Education Trust. She brings to our conversation twenty years of experience in congressional staff roles, including as the staff director for the House Committee on Education and the Workforce. Princess Moss is vice president of the National Education Association and cochair of the NEA's task force on measurement and accountability. In prior work with the NEA's Executive Committee, she helped develop the group's position on reauthorization of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act—from NCLB to the Every Student Succeeds Act. Paul Reville is the Francis Keppel Professor of Practice of Educational Policy and Administration at the Harvard Graduate School of Education and former secretary of education for the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Nearly a decade before the passage of NCLB, he played a key role in the development of the Massachusetts Education Reform Act of 1993, which instituted standards-based accountability across the state.HEQ Policy Dialogues are, by design, intended to promote an informal, free exchange of ideas between scholars. At the end of the exchange, we offer a list of references for readers who wish to follow up on sources relevant to the discussion.
“The Eye of the Juvenile Court”: Report Cards, Juvenile Corrections, and a Colorado Street Kid, 1900-1920
Authors: Morris Wade H. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAndrew Monroe [pseud.] (b. 1894) was a Colorado street kid whose acts of truancy and theft landed him before the state's early juvenile courts, and his youth was marked by attempts at escape from reform school. His childhood and youth provide insights into the mechanics of how systems of juvenile corrections operated in the early twentieth century. To enforce new truancy laws, Progressive Era child-savers relied on report cards for the surveillance of probationers, categorizing children like Andrew as “stubborn,” “unyielding,” and “disobedient.” Ultimately, Andrew's refusal to comply with these new forms of institutional control serves as a case study for the challenges that children faced in escaping an apparatus that reduced them to the label of “delinquent.”
A survey study of the association between active utilization of National Healthcare Safety Network resources and central-line–associated bloodstream infection reporting
Authors: Adams Barker Caitlin M. , Stewart Kathleen O. , Dowling-Schmitt Miriam C. , Calderwood Michael S. , Kim Justin J. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn this survey of 41 hospitals, 18 (72%) of 25 respondents reporting utilization of National Healthcare Safety Network resources demonstrated accurate central-line–associated bloodstream infection reporting compared to 6 (38%) of 16 without utilization (adjusted odds ratio, 5.37; 95% confidence interval, 1.16–24.8). Adherence to standard definitions is essential for consistent reporting across healthcare facilities.
Development of a model to predict antidepressant treatment response for depression among Veterans
Authors: Puac-Polanco Victor , Ziobrowski Hannah N. , Ross Eric L. , Liu Howard , Turner Brett , Cui Ruifeng , Leung Lucinda B. , Bossarte Robert M. , Bryant Corey , Joormann Jutta , Nierenberg Andrew A. , Oslin David W. , Pigeon Wilfred R. , Post Edward P. , Zainal Nur Hani , Zaslavsky Alan M. , Zubizarreta Jose R. , Luedtke Alex , Kennedy Chris J. , Cipriani Andrea , Furukawa Toshiaki A. , Kessler Ronald C. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundOnly a limited number of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) respond to a first course of antidepressant medication (ADM). We investigated the feasibility of creating a baseline model to determine which of these would be among patients beginning ADM treatment in the US Veterans Health Administration (VHA).MethodsA 2018–2020 national sample of n = 660 VHA patients receiving ADM treatment for MDD completed an extensive baseline self-report assessment near the beginning of treatment and a 3-month self-report follow-up assessment. Using baseline self-report data along with administrative and geospatial data, an ensemble machine learning method was used to develop a model for 3-month treatment response defined by the Quick Inventory of Depression Symptomatology Self-Report and a modified Sheehan Disability Scale. The model was developed in a 70% training sample and tested in the remaining 30% test sample.ResultsIn total, 35.7% of patients responded to treatment. The prediction model had an area under the ROC curve (s.e.) of 0.66 (0.04) in the test sample. A strong gradient in probability (s.e.) of treatment response was found across three subsamples of the test sample using training sample thresholds for high [45.6% (5.5)], intermediate [34.5% (7.6)], and low [11.1% (4.9)] probabilities of response. Baseline symptom severity, comorbidity, treatment characteristics (expectations, history, and aspects of current treatment), and protective/resilience factors were the most important predictors.ConclusionsAlthough these results are promising, parallel models to predict response to alternative treatments based on data collected before initiating treatment would be needed for such models to help guide treatment selection.
(Just Thinking of) Uncertainty Increases Intolerance of Uncertainty
Authors: Parker Suzanne C. , Ahrens Anthony H. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract. Intolerance of uncertainty is a far-reaching – yet not widely examined – construct with clinical and nonclinical associations. The current study implemented a brief reflection on uncertainty hypothesized to increase tolerance of uncertainty. The group who engaged in the reflection ( n = 50) was compared to an active control condition ( n = 50). Results demonstrated the opposite of the primary hypothesis: simply reflecting on uncertainty significantly increased intolerance of uncertainty (vs. tolerance of uncertainty). Results also demonstrated that those higher in mindfulness were higher in tolerance of uncertainty, with the “nonreactivity” factor of mindfulness contributing unique variance. These findings suggest multiple factors that might contribute to both tolerance and intolerance of uncertainty. This study indicates that investigations of interventions that include training in mindfulness and its component of nonreactivity might be particularly warranted.
Reduced hippocampal gray matter volume is a common feature of patients with major depression, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia spectrum disorders
Authors: Brosch Katharina , Stein Frederike , Schmitt Simon , Pfarr Julia-Katharina , Ringwald Kai G. , Thomas-Odenthal Florian , Meller Tina , Steinsträter Olaf , Waltemate Lena , Lemke Hannah , Meinert Susanne , Winter Alexandra , Breuer Fabian , Thiel Katharina , Grotegerd Dominik , Hahn Tim , Jansen Andreas , Dannlowski Udo , Krug Axel , Nenadić Igor , Kircher Tilo 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMajor depressive disorder (MDD), bipolar disorder (BD), and schizophrenia spectrum disorder (SSD, schizophrenia, and schizoaffective disorder) overlap in symptomatology, risk factors, genetics, and other biological measures. Based on previous findings, it remains unclear what transdiagnostic regional gray matter volume (GMV) alterations exist across these disorders, and with which factors they are associated. GMV (3-T magnetic resonance imaging) was compared between healthy controls (HC; n = 110), DSM-IV-TR diagnosed MDD (n = 110), BD (n = 110), and SSD patients (n = 110), matched for age and sex. We applied a conjunction analysis to identify shared GMV alterations across the disorders. To identify potential origins of identified GMV clusters, we associated them with early and current risk and protective factors, psychopathology, and neuropsychology, applying multiple regression models. Common to all diagnoses (vs. HC), we identified GMV reductions in the left hippocampus. This cluster was associated with the neuropsychology factor working memory/executive functioning, stressful life events, and with global assessment of functioning. Differential effects between groups were present in the left and right frontal operculae and left insula, with volume variances across groups highly overlapping. Our study is the first with a large, matched, transdiagnostic sample to yield shared GMV alterations in the left hippocampus across major mental disorders. The hippocampus is a major network hub, orchestrating a range of mental functions. Our findings underscore the need for a novel stratification of mental disorders, other than categorical diagnoses.
Low-dose post-transplant cyclophosphamide with low-dose antithymocyte globulin for prevention of graft-versus-host disease in first complete remission undergoing 10/10 HLA-matched unrelated donor peripheral blood stem cell transplants: a multicentre, randomized controlled trial
Authors: Zu Yingling , Li Zhen , Gui Ruirui , Liu Yanyan , Zhang Yanli , Yu Fengkuan , Zhao Huifang , Fu Yuewen , Zhan Xinrong , Wang Zhongliang , Xing Pengtao , Wang Xianjing , Wang Huili , Zhou Jian , Song Yongping 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe most widely used regimens of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis in HLA-matched unrelated donor peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (MUD-PBSCT) are based on anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG) or post-transplant cyclophosphamide (PTCy). To improve the efficiency of GVHD prophylaxis, a novel regimen, composed of low-dose PTCy (20 mg/kg on day +3 and +4) and low-dose ATG (6 mg/kg), was evaluted in patients with hematological malignancies ungoing 10/10 HLA MUD-PBSCT in first remission (CR1). In our prospective, multicenter study, 104 patients were randomly assigned one-to-one to low-dose PTCy-ATG (n = 53) or standard-dose ATG (10 mg/kg, n = 51). Both the cumulative incidences (CIs) of grade II-IV acute GVHD (aGVHD) and chronic GVHD (cGVHD) at 2 years in low-dose PTCy-ATG cohort were significantly reduced (24.5% vs. 47.1%; P = 0.017; 14.1% vs. 33.3%; P = 0.013). The CI of non-relapse-mortality (NRM) was much lower (13.2% vs. 34.5%; P = 0.049) and GVHD-free, relapse-free survival (GRFS) was significantly improved at 2 years in low-dose PTCy-ATG arm (67.3% vs 42.3%; P = 0.032). The low-dose PTCy-ATG based GVHD prophylaxis is a promising strategy for patients in CR1 after 10/10 HLA MUD-PBSCT.
Nrf2 overexpression increases the resistance of acute myeloid leukemia to cytarabine by inhibiting replication factor C4
Authors: Hu Tianzhen , Pan Chengyun , Zhang Tianzhuo , Ni Ming , Wang Weili , Zhang Siyu , Chen Ying , Wang Jishi , Fang Qin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDrug resistance is a key factor in the treatment failure of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) plays a crucial role in tumor chemotherapy resistance. However, the potential mechanism of Nrf2 regulating DNA mismatch repair (MMR) pathway to mediate gene-instability drug resistance in AML is still unclear. Here, it was found that Nrf2 expression was closely related to the disease progression of AML as well as highly expressed in AML patients with poor prognostic gene mutations. Meanwhile, it was also found that the expression of Nrf2 was significantly negatively correlated with DNA MMR gene replication factor C4 (RFC4) in AML. CHIP analysis combined with luciferase reporter gene results further showed that Nrf2 may inhibit the expression of RFC4 by its interaction with the RFC4 promoter. In vitro and vivo experiments showed that the overexpression of Nrf2 decreased the killing effect of chemotherapy drug cytarabine (Ara-C) on leukemia cells and inhibited the expression of RFC4. Mechanistically, The result that Nrf2-RFC4 axis mediated AML genetic instability drug resistance might be received by activating the JNK/NF-κB signaling pathway. Taken together, these findings may provide a new idea for improving AML drug resistance.
TRAIL protects the immature lung from hyperoxic injury
Authors: Shahzad Tayyab , Chao Cho-Ming , Hadzic Stefan , Behnke Judith , Biebach Luisa , Böttcher-Friebertshäuser Eva , Wilhelm Jochen , Hilgendorff Anne , Zimmer Klaus-Peter , Morty Rory E. , Bellusci Saverio , Ehrhardt Harald 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe hyperoxia-induced pro-inflammatory response and tissue damage constitute pivotal steps leading to bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in the immature lung. The pro-inflammatory cytokines are considered attractive candidates for a directed intervention but the complex interplay between inflammatory and developmental signaling pathways requires a comprehensive evaluation before introduction into clinical trials as studied here for the death inducing ligand TRAIL. At birth and during prolonged exposure to oxygen and mechanical ventilation, levels of TRAIL were lower in tracheal aspirates of preterm infants <29 weeks of gestation which developed moderate/severe BPD. These findings were reproduced in the newborn mouse model of hyperoxic injury. The loss of TRAIL was associated with increased inflammation, apoptosis induction and more pronounced lung structural simplification after hyperoxia exposure for 7 days while activation of NFκB signaling during exposure to hyperoxia was abrogated. Pretreatment with recombinant TRAIL rescued the developmental distortions in precision cut lung slices of both wildtype and TRAIL−/− mice exposed to hyperoxia. Of importance, TRAIL preserved alveolar type II cells, mesenchymal progenitor cells and vascular endothelial cells. In the situation of TRAIL depletion, our data ascribe oxygen toxicity a more injurious impact on structural lung development. These data are not surprising taking into account the diverse functions of TRAIL and its stimulatory effects on NFκB signaling as central driver of survival and development. TRAIL exerts a protective role in the immature lung as observed for the death inducing ligand TNF-α before.
Glutamate drives ‘local Ca2+ release’ in cardiac pacemaker cells
Authors: Xie Duanyang , Xiong Ke , Su Xuling , Wang Guanghua , Zou Qicheng , Wang Luxin , Zhang Caihong , Cao Yuting , Shao Beihua , Zhang Yixin , Zhang Peidong , Liang Dandan , Liu Yi , Chen Yi-Han 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe sinoatrial node (SAN) is the origin of the electrical signals for rhythmic heartbeats in mammals. The spontaneous firing of SAN pacemaker cells (SANPCs) triggers cardiac contraction. ‘Local Ca2+ release’ (LCR), a unique cellular activity, acts as the ‘engine’ of the spontaneous firing of SANPCs. However, the mechanism of LCR initiation remains unclear. Here, we report that endogenous glutamate drives LCRs in SANPCs. Using a glutamate sensor, we unraveled a tight correlation between glutamate accumulation and LCR occurrence, indicating a potential relationship between glutamate and LCRs. Intracellular application of glutamate significantly enhanced the LCRs in both intact and permeabilized SANPCs. Mechanistically, we revealed that mitochondrial excitatory amino acid transporter 1 (EAAT1)-dependent mitochondrial glutamate import promoted ROS generation, which in turn led to the oxidation of Ca2+-handling proteins, ultimately resulting in enhanced LCRs. Importantly, EAAT1 depletion reduced both the spontaneous firing rates of isolated SANPCs and the heart rate in vitro and in vivo, suggesting the central role of EAAT1 as a glutamate transporter in the regulation of cardiac autonomic rhythm. In conclusion, our results indicate that glutamate serves as an LCR igniter in SANPCs, adding a potentially important element to the coupled-clock theory that explains the origin of spontaneous firing. These findings shed new light on the future prevention and treatment of cardiac pacemaker cell-related arrhythmias.
Quantifying interactions on interfaces between metal particles and oxide supports in catalytic nanomaterials
Authors: Neyman Konstantin M. , Kozlov Sergey M. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMetal-support interactions can dramatically affect the properties of nanocomposite materials. Nevertheless, comprehensive studies of the interfaces between metal nanoparticles and oxide supports remain scarce due to challenges in experimental characterization. A significant understanding of the interactions at such interfaces can be obtained by combining state-of-the-art experiments with density functional calculations. In particular, this Perspective illustrates how theory and experiment can be combined to study interfacial charge transfer, the short- or long-range natures of nanoparticle-support interactions and the effects of oxide nanostructuring on the properties of supported metal particles. These studies aid our understanding of the role of metal-oxide interactions in industrially employed nanocomposites and the design of interfaces with unique properties for future applications.