bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oral Health Knowledge and Behavior among Public Primary Schoolchildren in Lagos, Nigeria
Authors: Nzomiwu Chioma Love , Ayedun Oladipupo Solomon , Orenuga Omolola Olubunmi 
Published: August 2022

Aim:
To evaluate the oral health knowledge and behavior among primary school pupils.

Patients, Materials and Methods:
This was a cross-sectional, descriptive study, in which a systematic sampling method was used to enroll 450 subjects into the study. The data collection tool was a self-administered, structured, pretested questionnaire.

Results:
Of the 450 enrollees, 434 pupils who duly completed their questionnaires participated in the study. Their mean age was 11.7 ± 1.64 years and more than half (229, 52.8) of the pupils were of male gender. About half (52.3%) of the pupils had adequate level of oral health knowledge. Majority had never visited a dentist (75%) before and had never used dental floss (66.6%). A higher proportion (72.3%) of the pupils with adequate level of oral health knowledge received parental supervision during brushing, had visited the dentist, and had frequent dental visit.

Conclusion:
The study revealed that about half of the study population had adequate level of knowledge. It also revealed inadequate oral health behaviour among the pupils. Pupils who had adequate knowledge had better behaviour.
Profile of Polycythaemia Vera in South Western Nigeria
Authors: Osho Patrick Olanrewaju , Ojo Maltida Adesuwa , Osho Evelyn Salewa 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Polycythaemia vera (PV) is the most common myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs), others include essential thrombocytosis and primary myelofibrosis. PV is a Philadelphia chromosome-negative MPN, it is a rare haematologic disorder seen primarily in adults aged 60 years and older, with a higher prevalence in men.

Aim:
The aim of this study is to record the prevalence and explain the epidemiological, clinical, and biological PV in teaching hospital in South Western Nigeria.

Materials and Methods:
Case notes of all patients with a diagnosis of polycythaemia vera managed at the University of Medical Sciences Teaching Hospital, Ondo state, over a 3-year period between January 2018 and November 2021 were reviewed. The clinical and laboratory findings were extracted from the case records. SPSS-16 (SPSS Inc., USA) and Microsoft Excel statistical software packages were used for statistical calculations.

Results:
A total of 26 cases of PV were managed at University of Medical Sciences, Ondo state, during the period of the review. There were 20 male and 6 female, with the mean age for males 41.61 ± 18.1 and 32.33 ± 0.52 for females. Majority of the patients in the study (53.8%) had headache and fatigue, 54.5% of the patients experienced dizziness, itching and visual disturbance, hypertension, weight loss, and subconjunctival haemorrhage were found in 6 (23.08%), 5 (19.20%), and 4 (15.40%), respectively, night sweat, dyspepsia, and splenomegaly accounted for (1) 3.85%. None of the patients experienced thrombosis and bleeding. Six of the patients were able to pay for Janus Kinase 2 (JAK2) mutation in which 4 of the results were positive for JAK2 mutation while 2 patients were able to afford to pay for serum erythropoietin; the results were below the normal value. All the patients were able to pay for full blood count, peripheral blood film, and bone marrow aspirations. The average packed cell volume for males was 59.7 ± 2.3 and 55.22 ± 4.9 for females while the mean blood and platelets count in our study was 11.19 ± 1.23 and 486 ± 122.3 × 109/l.

Conclusion:
The study showed a low prevalence of PV in Nigeria although most cases of PV were seen among the young adults < 60 years of age affecting their life expectancy because it has a detrimental effect on their work productivity, family life, and social life.
Attitudes of Female Medical Doctors in Nigeria to Cosmetic Surgery
Authors: Michael Afieharo I. , Ugwu Ebere Osinachi , Aladesanwa Francisca Oluwatosin 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Though increasing, the demand for cosmetic surgery in Nigeria is low compared to developed countries. Gender is the most predictive sociodemographic factor in determining attitude to cosmetic surgery.

Aim:
This study aimed to determine the attitudes of female medical doctors in Nigeria to cosmetic surgery.

Materials and Methods:
This was an analytic cross-sectional study involving female medical doctors practicing in Nigeria between September 2021 and October 2021. Self-administered questionnaires were distributed to participants via social media platforms and during the Medical Women's Association of Nigeria's 22nd Biennial Conference. Attitude to cosmetic surgery was assessed using the Acceptance of Cosmetic Surgery Scale (ACSS). An independent samples t-test/analysis of variance test was used to determine the mean significant differences between the study characteristics and ACSS scores. Sociodemographic and medical practice factors associated with willingness to undergo cosmetic surgery were determined using Chi-square/Fisher's exact test. P ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:
There were 181 respondents. Most of them were young (mean age: 35.94 ± 7.19 years), married (126 [69.6%]), and practiced in tertiary institutions (137 [75.7%]). Sixty-two (34.3%) respondents were willing to undergo cosmetic surgery in the future, while only five (2.8%) had undergone prior cosmetic surgery. ACSS analysis revealed that most, 133 (73.5%), respondents had a positive attitude to cosmetic surgery. However, none of the study characteristics were significant predictors of attitude to or willingness to undergo cosmetic surgery.

Conclusion:
Most of the participants had a positive attitude to cosmetic surgery, but were unwilling to undergo one. Further qualitative studies are needed.
Age of Pubertal Maturation of Girls in South Western Nigeria
Authors: Oyewole Omosalewa Adetutu , Oduwole Abiola , Adediran Adekunle Saheed 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Secondary sexual characteristics appear at puberty with rapid physical, emotional, and cognitive developments. In girls, thelarche is usually the first sign of puberty, followed by the growth of pubic hair. In Nigeria, unlike many developed countries, there are few studies on puberty.

Aim:
This study aims to document the age of attainment of all the Tanner stages of sexual maturation, the sequence of these events, and the age of attainment of menarche among female secondary school students in Abeokuta.

Subjects and Methods:
This was a descriptive cross-sectional study carried out among girls with an age range between 10 and 20 years of schooling in Abeokuta, South-West Nigeria. Multistage randomly selected participants answered questions on the pro forma. Physical examination including pubertal staging was done. The data were analyzed using Microsoft Excel® 2010 and SPSS 22.0.

Results:
Seven hundred and eleven subjects were recruited. The mean age of the subjects was 14.4 ± 1.9 years. The earliest sign of puberty among the subjects, B2, was seen at a mean age of 12.4 ± 1.5 years, followed by the onset of pubic hair development, and PH 2 at a mean age of 13.4 ± 1.7 years. The mean age of attainment of menarche was 13.1 ± 1.7 years, while the age for completion of pubic hair development is 16.2 ± 1.6 years. Out of 499 subjects who had attained menarche, 324 (64.9%) were in Stage 4 of breast development and 307 (61.5%) were in Stage 3 of pubic hair development.

Conclusion:
The age of onset and completion of pubertal maturation in this study is 12.4 ± 1.5 years and 16.2 ± 1.6 years, respectively. Thelarche as the first sign of puberty is followed by pubic hair development.
A Rare Case of Primary Hodgkin's Lymphoma of the Pancreas
Authors: Abrari Andleeb , Shehwar Durre , Hussain Bilal , Akhtar Kafil 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Primary pancreatic lymphoma is an extremely rare entity presenting 2.0% of extranodal malignant lymphomas and 0.5% of all pancreatic masses. We present the case of primary pancreatic Hodgkin's lymphoma in a 62-year-old male, who presented with right hypochondrial pain, nausea, vomiting, yellowish discoloration of skin and sclera, accompanied by generalized itching for 3 weeks without any significant loss of appetite and weight loss. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) showed a reddish bulge in the head of the pancreas due to the growth. EUS-guided biopsy revealed extensive infiltration by dyscohesive lymphoid cells with classic morphology of mononuclear Reed–Sternberg cells, in a background of lymphocytes and eosinophils. This rare report will be of significant diagnostic help to clinicians and pathologists in accurately diagnosing such cases as there is a high likelihood of misinterpreting these as pancreatic adenocarcinoma, which may impact patient management and survival.
Thymic Carcinoid Presenting as Cushing's Syndrome
Authors: Deodhar Anand , Kulkarni Dinesh , Kharche Kishor , George Thomas 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Primary neuroendocrine tumors of the thymus (NETTs) are rare neoplasms and are biologically aggressive. These are more frequently seen in the third to fifth decade of life. Endocrinopathies such as Cushing's syndrome, acromegaly, or multiple endocrine neoplasia-1 are associated in 50% of cases. These tumors usually present with the invasion of surrounding mediastinal structures. The long-term outcome of NETT is poor due to high risk of recurrence or metastasis. Prognosis depends on the stage, invasion, resection, and possible association of endocrinopathies. We present this case of a 17-year-old male clinically diagnosed as Cushing's syndrome with hypothyroidism, without adrenal mass but with anterior mediastinal mass, and it histologically turned out to be carcinoid of the thymus. Although thymic carcinoids are known to present with Cushing's syndrome, we have not come across with its association of hypothyroidism. Total thymectomy was performed for the case. The patient is on regular follow-up for the past 3 years, he is totally asymptomatic and not on any medication.
Addition of Metoclopramide to Triple Antiemetic Therapy Towards Prevention of Anthracycline-Based Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting in Breast Cancer Patients
Authors: Rudresha A. H. , Abhilash G. H. , Lokanatha D. , Babu M. C. Suresh , Lokesh K. N. , Rajeev L. K. , Saldanha Smitha , Jacob Linu Abraham , Pandey Amit , Dubey Priyesh , Babbar Pooja 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Objective:
The aim of this study was to evaluate if addition of metoclopramide to the triplet antiemetic therapy is superior to the triplet antiemetic therapy for prevention of delayed chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting.

Materials and Methods:
A randomized single-blind trial was performed on 200 chemotherapy-naïve breast cancer patients who have to receive anthracycline-based highly emetogenic chemotherapy (HEC). The patients were randomized to study arm (n = 100) and control arm (n = 100). Triplet antiemetic therapy (fosaprepitant on day 1, 5-HT3 antagonist on day 1, and dexamethasone for days 1–4) was used in both the arms and metoclopramide (day 1–5) was added to the study arm. Response to antiemetic prophylaxis was assessed in terms of “complete response (CR),” “only nausea,” and “both nausea and vomiting.” CR is defined as no nausea, no vomiting, and no rescue medication during the overall phase (days 1–5). Nausea/vomiting was detected by using the Visual Analog Scale and its impact on quality of life was determined by using the Functional Living Index Emesis (FLIE) score.

Results:
The demographical and clinical features were similar in both the groups. Majority of patients in both the arms presented with Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group PS 0, Stage III, and positive hormone receptor status. CR was observed more in the study arm than that of the control arm (51% vs. 37%; P = 0.046). The mean total FLIE score was 29.23 in the study arm and 31.16 in the control arm (P = 0.036).

Conclusion:
This study resulted in a significant CR and clinically relevant improvement in FLIE score for addition of metoclopramide to triple antiemetic prophylaxis. Therefore, a quadruple antiemetic combination including metoclopramide might be an antiemetic prophylaxis option for breast cancer patients receiving anthracycline-based HEC for better compliance to treatment.
Left ventricular diastolic reserve by exercise stress echocardiography in prediabetes
Authors: Al-Gburi Abdulameer Jasim Jawad 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT

Objectives:
The objective of this study was to evaluate if the diastolic reserve is different in prediabetes versus control during exercise.

Materials and Methods:
During the resting stage and graded supine bicycling exertion (25 W, 3 min increment), the mitral inflow and septal mitral annular velocities were determined in 50 patients with prediabetes (21 females, mean age 48 ± 16 years) and 50 gender- and age-matched controls. None demonstrated rest or inducible cardiac ischemia on echocardiography.

Results:
Between the two study groups, the velocities of the mitral inflow (E) and septal mitral annulus (E′) at rest are not significantly different. E′ during exercise, on the other hand, was significantly lower in individuals with prediabetes than in controls (8.57 ± 2.46 vs. 9.82 ± 2.42 cm/s at 25 W, P = 0.012; 9.42 ± 1.93 vs. 11.15±2.97 cm/s at 50 W, P = 0.001). E/E′ behaves oppositely during exercise with a value that is significantly higher in patients with prediabetes.

Conclusion:
The diastolic reserve of the left ventricle, as determined by the change in E′ and E/E′ throughout exercise, is abnormal in individuals with prediabetes who do not have overt cardiac disease. Using exercise stress echocardiography may be helpful for the early recognition of subclinical diastolic dysfunction in prediabetics which may have clinical repercussions in the future.
IMPLEMENTASI KOMPUTASI AWAN DI DIREKTORAT JENDERAL KEKAYAAN INTELEKTUAL (DJKI)
Authors: Anggriani Harimurti Dyan 
Published: August 2022

Hubungan antara demokrasi dan Hak Asasi Manusia (HAM) memiliki ikatan yang signifikan pada pertanyaan bagaimana kompatibilitas antara Islam dan hak asasi manusia. Cukup banyak aspek yang diperdebatkan oleh semua kalangan dan termasuk kalangan umat Islam dalam sepanjang sejarah perkembangan demokrasi. Tujuan pembuatan makalah ini adalah mengidentifikasi kesiapan DJKI selaku instansi pemerintahan dalam mengimplementasi teknologi cloud computing dengan menganalisa bagaimana kendala yang ada sebagai pokok permasalahan hingga solusi yang ditawarkan berupa penyewaan aplikasi SaaS serta tantangan yang dirasakan selaku instansi pemerintahan yang masih terikat dengan payung hukum juga kebijakan terkait pendanaan. Metode Penelitian yang digunakan penulis pada penelitian ini adalah studi kasus. keluhan dirasakan ketika salah satu staff pemeriksa mengeluh kendala pada perangkatnya yang apabila mengalami kerusakan maka tidak bisa menyelamatkan data yang ada pada perangkat tersebut. Namun tantangan kembali dirasakan mengingat DJKI merupakan instansi pemerintahan dibawah naungan Kementerian Hukum dan HAM yang mengharuskan pengadaan menggunakan anggaran negara (APBN). Pemilihan cloud computing pun menjadi salah satu solusi mengatasi kendala yang ada dengan menawarkan kelebihan seperti penyimpanan yang menggunakan teknologi komputasi awan dimana data juga dapat diakses dimana saja, pembayaran layanan yang disesuaikan dengan apa yang ingin konsumen gunakan (pay as you go), juga menyediakan layanan yang dapat digunakan untuk monitoring dan mengoptimalkan penggunaan sumber daya.
PEMANFAATAN FLY ASH DALAM PENCEGAHAN AIR ASAM TAMBANG DAN UJI KELARUTAN LOGAM DENGAN SKALA LABORATORIUM
Authors: Simangunsong Sumihar , Manalu Reynaldo 
Published: August 2022

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi Pemanfaatan Fly Ash Dalam Pencegahan Air Asam Tambang Dan Uji Kelarutan Logam Dengan Skala Laboratorium. Dalam penelitian ini, akan diketahui nilai pH dan kandungan kadar logam yang terdapat pada sampel air lindian dengan melukan uji Leach Column Test (LCT) selama 20 hari.Hasil penelitian yang didapatkan adalah nilai pH dari sampel campuran Batuan Breksi Vulkanik dengan Fly Ash 5,21 di hari ke-10 dan 5,43 di hari ke-20. Dan ini menaikkan nilai pH dari 2,3 untuk batuan breksi vulkanik tanpa campuran. Konsentrasi logam dari air lindian campuran breksi vulkanik dengan fly ash berkisar (0,0004 sampai 0,009) mg/L dan hal tersebut menurunkan konsentrasi logam pada batuan breksi vulkanik tanpa campuran (0,000015 sampai 3460) mg/L berdasarkan parameter yang di uji yaitu Cu(0.006 mg/L), Cd(0.002 mg/L), Zn(0.001 mg/L), Pb(0.003 mg/L), As(0.0004 mg/L), Ni(0.009 mg/L), Cr(0.005 mg/L), Hg(0.0004 mg/L).
PENGARUH REFORMASI KURIKULUM PENDIDIKAN INDONESIA TEHADAP KUALITAS PEMBELAJARAN
Authors: Tampubolon Rameyanti , Gulo Yona , Nababan Rosma 
Published: August 2022

UU No. 20 tahun 2003 bertujuan untuk mengembangkan potensi peserta didik dalam kekuatan spritual, akhlak mulia, kecerdasan, pegendalian diri, serta keterampilan yang dibutuhkan. Untuk tercapainya tujuan pendidikan nasional ini, Pemerintah selalu berupaya memperbaiki kualitas pendidikan melalui reformasi kurikulum pendidikan, dengan tujuan memperbaiki dan mengembangkan kurikulum sebelumnya. Hal ini terlihat dari seringnya Indonesia mengalami perubahan kurikulum sejak tahun 1947, 1964, 1968, 1973, 1975, 1984, 1994, 1997, 2004, 2006, Kurikulum 2013, hingga sekarang era revolusi industri 5.o dikenal kurikulum merdeka. Namun, reformasi kurikulum sering menimbulkan persoalan dikalangan masyarakat sekolah maupun umum. Permasalahan yang timbul adalah bagaimana penerapannya dan alasan dibalik

perubahan kurikulum tersebut, serta apakah reformasi kurikulum memiliki pengaruh terhadap kualitas pembelajaran?. Kualitas pendidikan dan pembelajaran harus selaras dengan standart proses dalam pasal (1) Peraturan Pemerintah No 19 tahun 2005 tentang standart Nasional Pendidikan yang harus dikembangkan pelaksanaan pembelajarannya pada satuan pendidikan untuk mencapai kompetensi. Untuk tercapainya kompetensi pembelajaran diera revolusi industri 5.0, maka diperlukan kecakapan abad 21 yaitu keterampilan berpikir kritis, kecakapan berkomunikasi. kreativitas dan inovasi, mampu kolaborasi. Selain itu, supaya tujuan pembelajaran dapat meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran harus memiliki sikap dan kemampuan: menguasai kurikulum yang berjalan dan perangkat pembelajarannya, penguasaan materi dibidang studi, penguasaan metode dan teknik penilaian, komitmen atau kecintaan guru terhadap tugas, serta displin.
LEITURA PÓS-COLONIAL DE "ÚRSULA", DE MARIA FIRMINA DOS REIS
Authors: Gonçalves Rodrigo Matos da Silva 
Published: August 2022

A crítica literária pós-colonial busca estudar como se dão as produções literárias pelos povos das nações colonizadas, assim como pelos próprios colonizadores no que tange à representação desses povos, criando um movimento de resistência à colonização não apenas geográfica, mas também de gênero e de raça. Contudo, ao analisarmos essas representações em território brasileiro, um impasse é encontrado, visto que a produção literária no século XIX - século no qual o Brasil conquistou sua independência - muito se assemelha aos moldes românticos europeus, e excluem de sua narrativa o protagonismo dos indígenas, mulheres e negros escravizados. Geralmente, quando esses grupos assumem o protagonismo, é através de uma voz masculina e branca, membro-integrante de uma burguesia dominante que replicava os moldes europeus de dominação. Contudo, em 1859, na contramão desse movimento, a obra Úrsula, de Maria Firmina dos Reis, é publicada e, mesmo replicando a estrutura romântica europeia da prosa, traz em si uma abordagem diferente de personagens afrodescendentes e femininos, sendo o primeiro romance brasileiro a trazer essa representação dos grupos citados. Assim, busco analisar como a crítica literária pós-colonial é aplicada, com base nos estudos de Tolomei (2019) e Said (2011), bem como as particularidades do caso brasileiro, através das pesquisas de Morais e Lopes (2018) e Telles (2004), para que, assim, seja possível entender qual a relação da obra de Reis com a literatura pós-colonial, assim como identificar quais recursos a escritora usou para representar essa identidade nacional. Após esta pesquisa, foi possível comprovar os tópicos estabelecidos como objetivos e, deste modo, reconhecer as contribuições de Maria Firmina dos Reis para a literatura brasileira contra a colonialidade de raça e gênero.
Modelling and Stress Analysis of Shaft Work Subsidence of Underground Power Transmission Line Tunnel
Authors: Thamawong Kridsada , Raongjant Werasak 
Published: August 2022

This research presents an analysis of soil subsidence around shaft work under its construction process and drilling tunnel by finite element method (FEM). The study is focused on the underground power transmission tunnel in the Chao Phraya River construction project (Southern Bangkok Station to Suksawat Road, Thailand) of the Metropolitan Electricity Authority. This research aims to provide information for designing shaft work and preventing drilling tunnel problems. The research analyzed the soil subsidence around shaft work with 12 m of inside diameter and 1 m of thickness that located 33 m underground during constructing a tunnel chimney by sinking method. It is assumed that the analyzed horizontal reaction is the net resistance of the lateral earth pressure around the shaft work. This study found that the subsidence of soil around shaft work during the construction and drilling process had the value between 0.80 - 53.30 mm. In the part of the base slab, the soil subsidence value is between 3.40 - 16.00 mm. It can be concluded that the top of shaft work during the construction and drilling process had a soil subsidence value of 53.30 mm with dmax/H ratio of 0.00162.
HIGHLIGHTS

The Metropolitan Electricity Authority has an underground power transmission tunnel in the Chao Phraya River Construction (Southern Bangkok Station to Suksawat Road, Thailand) project which used to distribute electricity from the source station to the other side of the Chao Phraya River
This research studied the behavior of the shaft work in sinking reinforced concrete shaft work and drilling tunnel process by finite element method (FEM) with the Midas Gen 2021 program
The analysis results of the maximum soil subsidence around the shaft work wall occurred in the top area (very soft to medium stiff clay layer)

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT