bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stabilized Multi‐Electron Reactions in a High‐Energy Na4Mn0.9CrMg0.1(PO4)3 Sodium‐Storage Cathode Enabled by the Pinning Effect
Authors: Li Jie , Zhao Xudong , He Pingge , Liu Yukun , Jin Junteng , Shen Qiuyu , Wang Yao , Li Shengwei , Qu Xuanhui , Liu Yongchang , Jiao Lifang 
Published: July 2022

AbstractNa superionic conductor (NASICON)‐type Na4MnCr(PO4)3 has attracted extensive attention among the phosphate sodium‐storage cathodes due to its ultra‐high energy density originating from three‐electron reactions but it suffers from severe structural degradation upon repeated sodiation/desodiation processes. Herein, Mg is used for partial substitution of Mn in Na4MnCr(PO4)3 to alleviate Jahn–Teller distortions and to prolong the cathode cycling life by virtue of the pinning effect induced by implanting inert MgO6 octahedra into the NASICON framework. The as‐prepared Na4Mn0.9CrMg0.1(PO4)3/C cathode delivers high capacity retention of 92.7% after 500 cycles at 5 C and fascinating rate capability of 154.6 and 70.4 mAh g−1 at 0.1 and 15 C, respectively. Meanwhile, it can provide an admirable energy density of ≈558.48 Wh kg−1 based on ≈2.8‐electron reactions of Mn2+/Mn3+, Mn3+/Mn4+, and Cr3+/Cr4+ redox couples. In situ X‐ray diffraction reveals the highly reversible single‐phase and bi‐phase structural evolution of such cathode materials with a volume change of only 6.3% during the whole electrochemical reaction. The galvanostatic intermittent titration technique and density functional theory computations jointly demonstrate the superior electrode process kinetics and enhanced electronic conductivity after Mg doping. This work offers a new route to improve the cycling stability of the high‐energy NASICON‐cathodes for sodium‐ion batteries.
Chiral Non‐Fullerene Acceptor Enriched Bulk Heterojunctions Enable High‐Performance Near‐Infrared Circularly Polarized Light Detection
Authors: Liu Lixuan , Yang Yang , Zhu Lingyun , Zhang Jianqi , Chen Kun , Wei Zhixiang 
Published: July 2022

AbstractOrganic photodetectors that can sensitively convert near‐infrared (NIR) circularly polarized light (CPL) into modulable electrical signals have promising applications in spectroscopy, imaging, and communications. However, the preparation of chiral NIR organic photodetectors with simultaneously high dissymmetry factor, responsivity, detectivity, and response speed is challenging. Here, direct CPL detectors based on the bulk heterojunctions (BHJs) of chiral BTP‐4Cl non‐fullerene acceptor with dilute achiral PM6 donor are constructed, which successfully address these issues. The chiral acceptor‐enriched BHJs with a donor/acceptor ratio of 1/10 achieve an optimal trade‐off between chiroptical properties and optoelectronic performance. The supramolecular chirality from the acceptor aggregates provides the BHJs with a true absorption dissymmetry factor (gabs) of ±0.02 at 830 nm, the highest value among NIR‐sensitive detectors, which endows the photodetector with a photocurrent dissymmetry factor (gsc) of ±0.03. Impressively, the photodetector demonstrates an external quantum efficiency as high as 60%, a responsivity of 0.4 A W−1, a detectivity of 3 × 1011 Jones (based on noise current), and a fast response speed on the microsecond scale with the −3 dB bandwidth over 7000 Hz in the NIR region. This study exhibits a promising strategy for building high‐performing direct NIR CPL detectors by introducing supramolecular chirality into BHJs.
Has the acceleration of privatization become inevitable in Bahrain?
Authors: Khayati Anis 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBahrain remains the most vulnerable Gulf country due to its limited savings and sharp rise in debt levels, leaving it exposed to high financing risks. The financial crisis has been deepened by the economic double blow of the decline in oil prices and the effects resulting from the outbreak of the coronavirus pandemic. Bahrain has decreased subsidies and increased taxes on many products. Those measures seem, however, insufficient to mitigate the negative impacts on the economy. This paper presents a model based on a comparison between fast privatization and gradual privatization strategies undertaken in some Bahraini economic sectors. It shows that the contribution of privatization to economic restructuring is only as effective as the commitment of the government to maintain a high pace of privatization. This condition can provide needed revenues, and can particularly foster private investments and initiatives. Therefore, it may represent an appropriate context to elevate Bahrain out of the present equilibrium characterized by slow privatization and government dominance on the economy.
Coffee pulp as a source for polyphenols extraction using ultrasound, microwave, and green solvents
Authors: González‐González Gerardo Manuel , Palomo‐Ligas Lissethe , Nery‐Flores Sendar Daniel , Ascacio‐Valdés Juan Alberto , Sáenz‐Galindo Aidé , Flores‐Gallegos Adriana Carolina , Zakaria Zainul Akmar , Aguilar Cristobal N. , Rodríguez‐Herrera Raúl 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCoffee pulp is rich in bioactive compounds. Currently, the use of “green methodologies” is being sought that promote cleaner, safer extraction protocols with lower energy consumption. The present study proposes the extraction of polyphenolic compounds from the coffee pulp through the use of methodologies such as ultrasound and microwave. Different extraction conditions were evaluated, varying the mass:volume ratio and the water:ethanol ratio. The mineral content, the amount of total and condensed polyphenols was determined as well as the characterization of the coffee pulp polyphenolic extracts by FT‐IR, and HPLC‐MS. The main mineral in the coffee pulp was potassium. The total content of polyphenols using ultrasound‐microwave extraction was 165.2‐328.9 mg GAE/g, where the best ratio was 1:16 m/v and the water/ethanol ratio showed no difference in the levels of polyphenol extraction. Likewise, for condensed polyphenols, values between 10.06‐20.52 mg CE/g were obtained. The main polyphenols were 3‐p‐coumaroylquinic acid, 3‐feruloylquinic acid, quercetin 3′,7‐dimethyl ether, (+)‐gallocatechin, 2,3‐dihydroxybenzoic acid, (–)‐epicatechin‐(2a‐7)(4a‐8)‐epicatechin 3‐O‐galactoside, and 1,3‐dicaffeoylquinic acid. Therefore, the coffee pulp can be used to obtain bioactive compounds through green methodologies such as ultrasound and microwave.
Factor structure of Pre‐Loss Grief‐12 in caregivers of people living with dementia
Authors: Park Juyoung , Levine Hannah , Galvin James E. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIntroductionThe objective was to develop and refine a version of the Prolonged‐Loss Grief‐12 (PG‐12) specific to caregivers of people living with dementia. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was performed to test the fit of the data from the caregivers and to assess the factor structure of the PG‐12 in order to evaluate pre‐loss grief accurately by identifying relevant items and eliminating items that are not appropriate for caregivers of persons with dementia.MethodsA total of 699 eligible caregivers of persons living with dementia (PLWDs) were recruited through relevant dementia associations and organizations. The e‐mail for recruitment provided potential participants with information about the study and detailed instructions on how to participate by following a link to the online survey. Secondary analysis was based on the survey data. CFA was conducted via the Full Information Maximum Likelihood estimation method to test the unidimensional model of PG‐12 in the study population. Standard procedures were used to establish the parameters in the factor loading, factor variance‐covariance, and uniqueness matrices.ResultsThe initial model was modified to develop a better fitting model and to detect misfitting parameters in the PG‐12 by deleting irrelevant items for the PLWD's caregiver. The adjusted dementia‐specific 10‐item version (PG‐10‐D) had significantly improved fit indices. An overall assessment of fit indicated that the model adequately approximated the data. Factor loadings ranged from 0.53 to 0.85.DiscussionWe found that the dementia‐specific, unidimensional PG‐10‐D, modifying the original PG‐12, may be useful and parsimonious in assessing and quantifying pre‐loss grief in dementia caregivers. Future studies are needed to further test its validity and reliability.Highlights
First study to evaluate a dementia‐specific 10‐item version (PG‐10‐D) of the Prolonged‐Loss Grief‐12 (PG‐12).
PG‐10‐D is useful in assessing and quantifying pre‐loss grief in caregivers.
PG‐10‐D could be an early identifier of caregivers at risk for pre‐loss grief.
PG‐10‐D could be the standard measure for effective intervention for caregivers.
Measurement of neurodegeneration using a multivariate early frame amyloid PET classifier
Authors: Matthews Dawn C. , Lukic Ana S. , Andrews Randolph D. , Wernick Miles N. , Strother Stephen C. , Schmidt Mark E. ,   for the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: July 2022

AbstractIntroductionAmyloid measurement provides important confirmation of pathology for Alzheimer's disease (AD) clinical trials. However, many amyloid positive (Am+) early‐stage subjects do not worsen clinically during a clinical trial, and a neurodegenerative measure predictive of decline could provide critical information. Studies have shown correspondence between perfusion measured by early amyloid frames post‐tracer injection and fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET), but with limitations in sensitivity. Multivariate machine learning approaches may offer a more sensitive means for detection of disease related changes as we have demonstrated with FDG.MethodsUsing summed dynamic florbetapir image frames acquired during the first 6 minutes post‐injection for 107 Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative subjects, we applied optimized machine learning to develop and test image classifiers aimed at measuring AD progression. Early frame amyloid (EFA) classification was compared to that of an independently developed FDG PET AD progression classifier by scoring the FDG scans of the same subjects at the same time point. Score distributions and correlation with clinical endpoints were compared to those obtained from FDG. Region of interest measures were compared between EFA and FDG to further understand discrimination performance.ResultsThe EFA classifier produced a primary pattern similar to that of the FDG classifier whose expression correlated highly with the FDG pattern (R‐squared 0.71), discriminated cognitively normal (NL) amyloid negative (Am–) subjects from all Am+ groups, and that correlated in Am+ subjects with Mini‐Mental State Examination, Clinical Dementia Rating Sum of Boxes, and Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale–13‐item Cognitive subscale (R = 0.59, 0.63, 0.73) and with subsequent 24‐month changes in these measures (R = 0.67, 0.73, 0.50).DiscussionOur results support the ability to use EFA with a multivariate machine learning–derived classifier to obtain a sensitive measure of AD‐related loss in neuronal function that correlates with FDG PET in preclinical and early prodromal stages as well as in late mild cognitive impairment and dementia.Highlights
The summed initial post‐injection minutes of florbetapir positron emission tomography correlate with fluorodeoxyglucose.
A machine learning classifier enabled sensitive detection of early prodromal Alzheimer's disease.
Early frame amyloid (EFA) classifier scores correlate with subsequent change in Mini‐Mental State Examination, Clinical Dementia Rating Sum of Boxes, and Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale–13‐item Cognitive subscale.
EFA classifier effect sizes and clinical prediction outperformed region of interest standardized uptake value ratio.
EFA classification may aid in stratifying patients to assess treatment effect.
Toxoplasma gondii clonal type III is the dominant genotype identified in Grenadian pigs
Authors: Chikweto Alfred , Alhassan Andy , Su Chunlei , Macpherson Calum , Bhaiyat Muhammad Iqbal , Dubey Jitender P. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundToxoplasma gondii is a widespread zoonotic protozoan parasite capable of infecting all warm‐blooded animals. Although the genotypes of T. gondii in pigs have been reported worldwide, there is no information on the genotypes and diversity of T. gondii in pigs in Grenada, West Indies.ObjectivesThe aims of the present study were to isolate, genotype and determine the diversity of T. gondii genotypes in pigs.MethodsWe carried out a modified agglutination test (MAT) on blood from 149 pig hearts collected from a local meat market. Myocardial tissue homogenate from pigs that tested positive for T. gondii was homogenized and inoculated into mice for isolation of the parasite. We collected mouse tissues and extracted DNA for genotyping based on 11 polymerase chain reaction‐restriction fragment length polymorphism markers (SAG1, SAG2, alt. SAG2, SAG 3, BTUB, GRA6, L358, PK1, C22‐8, C 29‐2 and Apico).ResultsOut of the 149 pig hearts, 31 (20.8%) tested positive for T. gondii on MAT. Bioassays in mice yielded 12 isolates designated TgpgGr1 to TgpgGr12. Molecular characterisation of T. gondii revealed four genotypes as follows: ToxoDB #2‐clonal type III (seven isolates); ToxoDB #7 (three isolates); ToxoDB #13 (one isolate); ToxoDB #30 (1 isolate). Overall, ToxoDB #2 was the most common (58%). Toxo database (DB) # 13, which causes interstitial pneumonia in affected mice, has also been reported.ConclusionThe genetic diversity of T. gondii in pigs in Grenada is lower than that in other surrounding Caribbean areas.
SDG-8: Decent Work and Economic Growth
Authors: Küfeoğlu Sinan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractEconomic growth can be defined by increasing consumption due to the increase in population and reaching production amounts to meet consumption with technological developments and governmental incentives. The correct placement of people in the production and consumption equation can be expressed as decent work. Although decent work and economic growth may seem like different terms at first glance, they are inseparable terms for each other. SDG-8, Decent Work and Economic Growth, aims to attain full and productive employment, as well as respectable work, for all women and men by 2030. This chapter presents the business models of 37 companies and use cases that employ emerging technologies and create value in SDG-8. We should highlight that one use case can be related to more than one SDG and it can make use of multiple emerging technologies.
SDG-11: Sustainable Cities and Communities
Authors: Küfeoğlu Sinan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCity governance is vital for sustainable development goals and resource management and allocation as well as urban climate-related initiatives, as it is estimated that more people will reside in the urban areas in further years. As more people migrate to cities, the world steadily becomes more urbanised. The population of the cities accounts for 55% of the total population, and cities generate 85% of global gross domestic product and emit 75% of greenhouse gas emissions. SDG-11, Sustainable Cities and Communities, aims to ensure inclusive, safe, resilient, sustainable urban and human settlements by providing inexpensive transit solutions, decreasing urban sprawl, enhancing urban governance involvement, improving the protection of cultural assets and addressing urban resilience and climate change issues. This chapter presents the business models of 50 companies and use cases that employ emerging technologies and create value in SDG-11. We should highlight that one use case can be related to more than one SDG and it can make use of multiple emerging technologies.
SDG-14: Life Below Water
Authors: Küfeoğlu Sinan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractGlobal systems and processes that assure the supply of rainwater, drinking water and oxygen are regulated by oceanic temperature chemistry, currents and life. Pollution, diminished fisheries and the loss of coastal habitats all have negative impacts on the ocean’s sustainability. Such activities have severely impacted around 40% of the world’s oceans. SDG-14, Life Below Water, aims to conserve marine ecosystems by establishing regulations for removing pollutants from the sea, decreasing sea acidification and regulating the fishing sector to ensure sustainable fishing. As a result, the major incentive for this goal is to protect and utilise marine ecosystem services sustainably. This chapter presents the business models of 36 companies and use cases that employ emerging technologies and create value in SDG-14. We should highlight that one use case can be related to more than one SDG and it can make use of multiple emerging technologies.
SDG-1 No Poverty
Authors: Küfeoğlu Sinan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPoverty, which has taken shape in different dimensions under the influence of the conditions from the past to the present, can be defined as the deficiency experienced by people in fulfilling their life functions or the living standards being below the average level. This chapter presents the business models of 39 companies and use cases that employ emerging technologies and create value in SDG-1, No Poverty. We should highlight that one use case can be related to more than one SDG and it can make use of multiple emerging technologies.
SDG-6 Clean Water and Sanitation
Authors: Küfeoğlu Sinan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe sixth sustainable development goal, Clean Water and Sanitation, is to ensure that everyone has access to safe, clean water. Everyone has the right to healthy, adequate, physically accessible and affordable water for household use under the right to water security. Acknowledging that millions of people lack access to clean water for sanitation, there is an urgent need for major investments in infrastructure and governance of water provisioning to ensure public health and increase resilience for transmissible diseases and virus outbreaks. This chapter presents the business models of 36 companies and use cases that employ emerging technologies and create value in SDG-6. We should highlight that one use case can be related to more than one SDG and it can make use of multiple emerging technologies.
Motivation und Aufbau des Buches
Authors: Oswald G. , Saueressig T. , Krcmar H. 
Published: July 2022

ZusammenfassungDie digitale Transformation ist ein viel debattiertes Thema und bestimmt die Agenda von Unternehmen weltweit. Die zunehmende Digitalisierung unseres privaten, beruflichen und öffentlichen Lebens wird häufig als Veränderungsprozess bezeichnet, der die Art, wie Unternehmen untereinander konkurrieren, Werte schaffen und mit ihren Geschäftspartnern und Kunden interagieren grundlegend verändert.
Digitale Transformation bei den Berliner Philharmonikern
Authors: Soto-Setzke D. , Hoberg P. , Murgoci A. , Franzbonenkamp S. , Gaß J. , Wolff T. , Krcmar H. 
Published: July 2022

ZusammenfassungNeue technologische Entwicklungen haben das Konsumentenverhalten auf grundlegende und vielfältige Weise verändert. Inzwischen haben diese Veränderungen auch die Kulturbranche erreicht. Vielen Organisationen aus diesem Sektor fehlen jedoch die nötigen Erfahrungen und Expertise, um sich auf eine neue Generation von Kunden in der digitalen Welt einzustellen. Die Berliner Philharmoniker entwickelten sich auf ihrer Reise der digitalen Transformation von einem traditionellen, klassischen Musikorchester zu einem digitalen Pionier. Dabei stellte sich das Orchester den Herausforderungen des digitalen Zeitalters durch die Einführung nachhaltiger organisatorischer Änderungen und durch den Erwerb neuer digitaler Kompetenzen und Fähigkeiten.
Digitale Transformation aus Perspektive der Wirtschaft
Authors: Saueressig T. , Oswald G. 
Published: July 2022

ZusammenfassungDie digitale Transformation verändert unser gesellschaftliches Zusammenleben und wirtschaftliches Handeln. Sie unterscheidet sich von vorangegangenen Transformationen vor allem durch ihre Schnelligkeit, Komplexität, Interdisziplinarität und Globalität. Daher stellt sich sowohl für Unternehmen als auch für Wissenschaft und Forschung die Frage, wie die Transformation aktiv vorangetrieben werden kann, ohne gleichzeitig von den Entwicklungen überholt zu werden. Die Antwort darauf liegt in der Modularisierung – von der Technologie bis zum Prozess. Der folgende Beitrag gibt zunächst einen Überblick zu Herausforderungen und Chancen der digitalen Transformation. Anschließend gehen wir darauf ein, warum es für Unternehmen unausweichlich ist, die digitale Transformation aktiv zu treiben, um zukunftsfähig zu bleiben. Wir liefern Impulse dazu, wie erfolgreiche Digitalisierung in Unternehmen aussehen kann und welche Rolle aktuellen Technologietrends dabei zukommt.
Erfolgreiche digitale Transformation von HR bei ZF
Authors: Farr A. , Oberaigner L. , Stadler A. , Wetzel J.-P. , Floetgen R. J. , Krcmar H. 
Published: July 2022

ZusammenfassungDie digitale Transformation stellt für die meisten Unternehmen eine große Herausforderung dar. Noch komplizierter wird es, wenn es viele Arbeiter in der Produktion sowie eine Vergangenheit mit einer Reihe von großen Fusionen und Übernahmen gibt. Der ZF-Konzern stellt sich diesem soziotechnischen Phänomen, indem er neue Technologien einsetzt und alle Mitarbeiter in den Prozess einbezieht. In den vergangenen drei Jahren hat das ZF-Personalwesen ein globales System eingeführt, um einheitliche, transparente Daten und Prozesse zu schaffen. In dieser Studie haben wir neue HR-Technologien evaluiert, die beschriebene digitale Transformation im ZF-Personalwesen untersucht und Mitarbeiterbefragungen durchgeführt. Basierend auf diesen Erkenntnissen haben wir fünf Schwerpunktbereiche für Verbesserungen identifiziert: Daten, Prozesse, Organisation, Veränderungsprozesse und IT-Systeme. Unter anderem haben wir festgestellt, dass teilweise Prozesse noch nicht optimal ausgerichtet sind und die aus der Firmenhistorie resultierende HR-Systemlandschaft Harmonisierungsbedarf aufweist. Was den Veränderungsprozess insgesamt angeht, empfehlen wir eine stärkere Promotorenrolle des Managements. Im Rahmen der anschließenden Ideation haben wir zehn Ansätze im Sinne von Stellhebeln entwickelt. Indem wir sie in den Gesamtkontext des Unternehmens stellen, liefern wir wertvolle Anregungen für mögliche zukünftige Projekte. Außerdem geben wir Einblicke in die aktuelle Mitarbeiterzufriedenheit mit der digitalen Transformation im Personalbereich von ZF. Abschließend liefern wir durch die Darstellung sowohl positiver als auch kritischer Stimmen Ideen, wie zukünftige Transformationsinitiativen bestmöglich durchgeführt werden können.
Partial implosions and quivers
Authors: Bourget Antoine , Dancer Andrew , Grimminger Julius F. , Hanany Amihay , Zhong Zhenghao 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
We propose magnetic quivers for partial implosion spaces. Such partial implosions involve a choice of parabolic subgroup, with the Borel subgroup corresponding to the standard implosion. In the subregular case we test the conjecture by verifying that reduction by the Levi group gives the appropriate nilpotent orbit closure. In the case of a parabolic corresponding to a hook diagram we are also able to carry out this verification provided we work at nonzero Fayet-Iliopoulos parameters.