bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of covid-induced lockdown on inhabitants’ perception of indoor air quality in naturally ventilated homes
Authors: Fernández-Agüera Jesica , Domínguez-Amarillo Samuel , Campano Miguel Ángel , Al-Khatri Hanan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The intensified indoor living during the spring 2020 lockdown, with enhanced user awareness of the prevailing conditions in their homes, constituted a natural stress test for the housing design in place today. Surveys conducted during this period have yielded lessons for designing better intervention strategies for the residential sector, taking into account the systematic morphological and economic limitations of the buildings concerned. These considerations should inform the development of policies and strategies for improving environmental quality compatible with lower residential energy consumption and higher quality of life. This study explores the effect of occupant behaviour on home ventilation and the perception of the impact of indoor air quality on user health before and during lockdown. The method deployed consisted in monitoring environmental variables and conducting user surveys before and after restrictions came into force. The findings showed that prior to lockdown, occupants were unaware of or paid little heed to changes in indoor air quality, failed to perceive stuffiness, and, as a rule, reported symptoms or discomfort only at night during the summer months. During lockdown, however, users came to attach greater importance to air quality, and a greater sensitivity to odours and a heightened awareness of CO2 concentration prompted them to ventilate their homes more frequently. In the spring of 2020, occupants also indicated a wider spectrum of indisposition, in particular in connection with sleep patterns.
Sleep and Stroke: Opening Our Eyes to Current Knowledge of a Key Relationship
Authors: Brunetti Valerio , Rollo Eleonora , Broccolini Aldobrando , Frisullo Giovanni , Scala Irene , Della Marca Giacomo 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Purpose of Review
To elucidate the interconnection between sleep and stroke.

Recent Findings
Growing data support a bidirectional relationship between stroke and sleep. In particular, there is strong evidence that sleep-disordered breathing plays a pivotal role as risk factor and concur to worsening functional outcome. Conversely, for others sleep disorders (e.g., insomnia, restless legs syndrome, periodic limb movements of sleep, REM sleep behavior disorder), the evidence is weak. Moreover, sleep disturbances are highly prevalent also in chronic stroke and concur to worsening quality of life of patients.
Promising novel technologies will probably allow, in a near future, to guarantee a screening of commonest sleep disturbances in a larger proportion of patients with stroke.

Summary
Sleep assessment and management should enter in the routinary evaluation of stroke patients, of both acute and chronic phase. Future research should focus on the efficacy of specific sleep intervention as a therapeutic option for stroke patients.
C5aR1 promotes the progression of colorectal cancer by EMT and activating Wnt/β-catenin pathway
Authors: Xu Duo , Li Meirong , Ran Longyan , Li Xiaochen , Sun Xingwang , Yin Tao 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignant cancers in human, and its incidence increases gradually every year. Metastasis is an important factor leading to tumor development. The epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been proved to be closely related to tumor metastasis, yet its related mechanism in CRC remains to be explored.

Methods
We obtained the differentially expressed gene C5aR1 with SETDB1 stable overexpression and knockdown cells by RNA-seq. Cell proliferation was tested by CCK8 and colony formation assay. Migration and invasion of CRC cells were determined by the wound healing and transwell invasion assay. The potential pathway of C5aR1 in CRC was preliminarily studied by western blotting.

Results
Sequencing results showed that C5aR1 was the most differentially expressed gene. By changing the expression of C5aR1 in CRC cells, this study found that C5aR1 promoted the proliferation, colony formation, migration and invasion of CRC cells in vitro. C5aR1 accelerated the EMT process and the expression of C5aR1 altered the molecular expression of key proteins in the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.

Conclusion
C5aR1 promotes the development of CRC and accelerates the EMT process. Furthermore, C5aR1 may involve in the regulation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway in CRC.
Procedural texture patterns for encoding changes in color in 2.5D treemap visualizations
Authors: Limberger Daniel , Scheibel Willy , van Dieken Jan , Döllner Jürgen 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Treemaps depict tree-structured data while maintaining flexibility in mapping data to different visual variables. This work explores how changes in data mapped to color can be represented with rectangular 2.5D treemaps using procedural texture patterns. The patterns are designed to function for both static images and interactive visualizations with animated transitions. During rendering, the procedural texture patterns are superimposed onto the existing color mapping. We present a pattern catalog with seven exemplary patterns having different characteristics in representing the mapped data. This pattern catalog is implemented in a WebGL-based treemap rendering prototype and is evaluated using performance measurements and case studies on two software projects. As a result, this work extends the toolset of visual encodings for 2.5D treemaps by procedural texture patterns to represent changes in color. It serves as a starting point for user-centered evaluation.

Graphical abstract
Laparoscopic versus open repair of perforated peptic ulcers: analysis of outcomes and identification of predictive factors of conversion
Authors: Tartaglia Dario , Strambi Silvia , Coccolini Federico , Mazzoni Alessio , Miccoli Mario , Cremonini Camilla , Cicuttin Enrico , Chiarugi Massimo 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
The surgical treatment for perforated peptic ulcers (PPUs) can be safely performed laparoscopically. This study aimed to compare the outcomes of patients who received different surgical approaches for PPU and to identify the predictive factors for conversion to open surgery.

Methods
This retrospective study analyzed patients treated for PPUs from 2002 to 2020. Three groups were identified: a complete laparoscopic surgery group (LG), a conversion to open group (CG), and a primary open group (OG). After univariate comparisons, a multivariate analysis was conducted to identify the predictive factors for conversion.

Results
Of the 175 patients that underwent surgery for PPU, 104 (59.4%) received a laparoscopic-first approach, and 27 (25.9%) required a conversion to open surgery. Patients treated directly with an open approach were older (p < 0.0001), had more comorbidities (p < 0.0001), and more frequently had a previous laparotomy (p = 0.0001). In the OG group, in-hospital mortality and ICU need were significantly higher, while the postoperative stay was longer. Previous abdominal surgery (OR 0.086, 95% CI 0.012–0.626; p = 0.015), ulcer size (OR 0.045, 95% CI 0.010–0.210; p < 0.0001), and a posterior ulcer location (OR 0.015, 95% CI 0.001–0.400; p = 0.012) were predictive factors for conversion to an open approach.

Conclusion
This study confirms the benefits of the laparoscopic approach for the treatment of PPUs. Previous laparotomies, a greater ulcer size, and a posterior location of the ulcer are risk factors for conversion to open surgery during laparoscopic repair.
An over review of desertification in Xinjiang, Northwest China
Authors: Yu Xiang , Lei Jiaqiang , Gao Xin 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDesertification research in arid and semi-arid regions has always been actively pursued. In China, the problem of desertification in Xinjiang has also received extensive attention. Due to its unique geography, many scholars have conducted corresponding research on the desertification status of Xinjiang. In this paper, we comprehensively reviewed desertification in Xinjiang, and compared the underlying mechanisms of desertification and the status of desertification conditions after the implementation of ecological control projects. On a larger scale, desertification in Xinjiang can be divided into soil salinization inside oases and sandy desertification on the edges of oases. Human activities are considered the main cause of desertification, but natural factors also contribute to varying degrees. Research on the mechanisms of desertification has effectively curbed the development of desertification, but unreasonable use of land resources accelerates the risk of desertification. For desertification control, there are several key points. First, desertification monitoring and the early warning of desertification expansion should be strengthened. Second, monitoring and reversing soil salinization also play an important role in the interruption of desertification process. It is very effective to control soil salinization through biological and chemical methods. Third, the management of water resources is also essential, because unreasonable utilization of water resources is one of the main reasons for the expansion of desertification in Xinjiang. Due to the unreasonable utilization of water resources, the lower reaches of the Tarim River are cut off, which leads to a series of vicious cycles, such as the deterioration of ecological environment on both sides of the river and the worsening of desertification. However, in recent years, various desertification control projects implemented in Xinjiang according to the conditions of different regions have achieved remarkable results. For future studies, research on the stability of desert-oasis transition zone is also significantly essential, because such investigations can help to assess the risk of degradation and control desertification on a relatively large scale.
Rachitismo ipofosfatemico legato al cromosoma X (XLH) nel paziente adulto
Authors: Marcucci Gemma , Brandi Maria Luisa 
Published: October 2022

SommarioIl rachitismo ipofosfatemico legato al cromosoma X (XLH) è una rara malattia congenita caratterizzata da perdita renale del fosfato e conseguente ipofosfatemia. I pazienti adulti con XLH possono presentare manifestazioni cliniche molto variabili da forme lievi a più gravi, comprendenti: osteomalacia, fratture e pseudofratture, deformità ossee, dolore osseo, malattie dentali, entesopatie (calcificazioni dei legamenti e giunzioni teno-ossee), debolezza muscolare, malattie articolari degenerative, rigidità, ridotta mobilità articolare e ridotta funzionalità fisica, e perdita dell’udito. La risposta al trattamento convenzionale con supplementazioni di fosfato e calcitriolo/alfacalcidolo risulta insoddisfacente in molti pazienti, senza alcun effetto sostanziale sul decorso della patologia e con potenziali complicanze endocrinologiche e renali a lungo termine. Recentemente, sono state pubblicate delle linee guida comprendenti raccomandazioni e suggerimenti sulla gestione clinica e farmacologica dei pazienti affetti da XLH anche in età adulta. Tuttavia, ad oggi, non c’è un consenso generale sulle indicazioni di trattamento nei pazienti adulti. In questa Rassegna descriveremo le principali caratteristiche cliniche dell’XLH nell’adulto, vantaggi e limiti della terapia convenzionale, delle nuove terapie e le prospettive future.
How Did Corona Crisis Managers in Germany Make Sense of the Psychosocial Situation?
Authors: Lüttschwager Nils , Stelzmann Daniela , Gerhold Lars , Sterl Sebastian 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAlongside its immediate consequences for physical health, the current Coronavirus pandemic and the associated containment measures have led to multiple psychosocial consequences for the population. While virus containment is the main motive of crisis management, there is, so far, little evidence on how crisis management actors consider findings about the psychosocial state of the German population. This paper therefore examines the role of psychosocial consequences within the work of crisis management organizations during the Corona pandemic in Germany. Against the theoretical background of the sensemaking concept, 14 qualitative interviews were conducted with decision-makers from municipal and state administrations, public health departments, aid organizations, and critical infrastructure organizations. Our results indicate that crisis managers perceive aspects related to the psychosocial situation as relevant, but in a very selective way. They use different and often non-scientific sources to acquire knowledge about the psychosocial consequences. In sum, these aspects do not play a major role in decision-making processes. We argue that the perception and processing of psychosocial consequences depend in particular on the organizational context such as goals, plausibility assumptions, identity conceptions, and problem frames. In order to extend theoretical models of psychosocial crisis management, more detailed knowledge of sensemaking processes in crisis management organizations is necessary.
Peridynamic Surface Elasticity Formulation Based on Modified Core–Shell Model
Authors: Oterkus Selda , Oterkus Erkan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractContinuum mechanics is widely used to analyse the response of materials and structures to external loading conditions. Without paying attention to atomistic details, continuum mechanics can provide us very accurate predictions as long as continuum approximation is valid. There are various continuum mechanics formulations available in the literature. The most common formulation was proposed by Cauchy 200 years ago and the equation of motion for a material point is described by using partial differential equations. Although these equations have been successfully utilised for the analysis of many different challenging problems of solid mechanics, they encounter difficulties when dealing with problems including discontinuities such as cracks. In such cases, a new continuum mechanics formulation, peridynamics, can be more suitable since the equations of motion in peridynamics are in integro-differential equation form and do not contain any spatial derivatives. In nano-materials, material properties close to the surfaces can be different than bulk properties. This variation causes surface stresses. In this study, modified core–shell model is utilised to define the variation of material properties in the surface region by considering surface effects. Moreover, directional effective material properties are obtained by utilising analytical and peridynamic solutions.
Energy practices and population cohorts: the case of Mexico
Authors: Bardazzi Rossella , Pazienza Maria Grazia , Sanin Maria Eugenia 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDeveloping countries are advancing towards universal energy access with high fertility rates and young population. Socio-demographic and economic evolutions will influence future energy consumption patterns. Herein, we use Mexico as a case study to estimate determinants of residential electricity consumption as well as the importance that a shift in generational preferences has on such energy demand. We build an original pseudo-panel of Mexican households to separately estimate generational and age effects on the use of electricity. Our findings are in line with the few studies performed for developed countries, but the magnitudes are four times stronger. This means that, as they grow older, younger generations in Mexico increase their electricity consumption at a much faster rate than in developed countries. This may represent a significant obstacle in the way of meeting future energy demand, particularly in the context of the energy transition.
Ratiocination
Authors: Sung Winnie 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn this paper, I analyse the nature of a particular form of theoretical reasoning—ratiocination. Ratiocination is purposeful, self-conscious, deliberatively controlled reasoning. I will argue that ratiocination concludes when the ratiocinator believes that she ought to believep. In Section 1, I suggest that the way a reasoner’s mind moves in ratiocination is different from the way her mind moves in non-ratiocinative reasoning. Such a difference should motivate an analysis that focuses just on ratiocination. In Section 2, I provide a general characterisation of ratiocination and distinguish it from non-ratiocinative reasoning. I draw a distinction between non-deliberative rational control and deliberative rational control. I then argue that the ratiocinator always exercises the latter. Since theoretical reasoning is a norm-governed activity and since ratiocination involves deliberatively controlled reasoning, the ratiocinator necessarily tries to control her mental movements in a way that is in line with the normative requirements of this activity. In Section 3, I argue that ratiocination ends when the ratiocinator believes that she ought to believep. I further explain the nature of the ‘ought’ in the ratiocinator’s belief that she ought to believep. In Section 4, I address possible objections to the account on offer and explain why my account does not undermine our general understanding of the nature of theoretical reasoning. I explain that my claim is compatible with the claim that reasons to be rational are transparent to reasons to believep. I also discuss why the ratiocinator’s belief that she ought to believepis not an intermediate stage in ratiocination. Finally, I argue that ratiocination, as described, is compatible with the claim that belief is truth-governed.
Antarctic iceberg distribution revealed through three decades of systematic ship-based observations in the SCAR International Iceberg Database
Authors: Orheim Olav , Giles A. Barry , Moholdt Geir , (Jo) Jacka T. H. , Bjørdal Are 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn 1981, the Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research endorsed a program for ship-based collection of Antarctic iceberg data, to be coordinated by the Norwegian Polar Institute (NPI). From the austral summers 1982/1983 to 1997/1998, icebergs were recorded from most, and up to 2009/10 by fewer research vessels. The NPI database makes up 80% of the SCAR International Iceberg Database presented here, the remainder being Australian National Antarctic Research Expedition observations. The database contains positions of 374 142 icebergs resulting from 34 662 observations. Within these, 298 235 icebergs are classified into different size categories. The ship-based data are particularly useful because they include systematic observations of smaller icebergs not covered by current satellite-based datasets. Here, we assess regional and seasonal variations in iceberg density and total quantities, we identify drift patterns and exit zones from the continent, and we discuss iceberg dissolution rates and calving rates. There are significant differences in the extent of icebergs observed over the 30 plus years of observations, but much of these can be ascribed to differences in observation density and location. In the summer, Antarctic icebergs >10 m in length number ~130 000 of which 1000 are found north of the Southern Ocean boundary.
Memory and the urban environment: experiencing the streets of Severan Timgad
Authors: Lamare Nicolas 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis article draws on the notion of collective memory to address the experience of urban space in antiquity. Focusing on Timgad in the Severan period as a case study, it mainly engages with the city plan and its streets, the public buildings that lined them, and their honorific inscriptions. Based on top-down and bottom-up processes, it highlights how the built landscape was staged to create a memory of the urban space and its development, but also how the inhabitants themselves were able to contribute to fostering this memory through everyday urban practices.
ERDŐS–LIOUVILLE SETS
Authors: CHALEBGWA TABOKA PRINCE , MORRIS SIDNEY A. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn 1844, Joseph Liouville proved the existence of transcendental numbers. He introduced the set
$\mathcal L$
of numbers, now known as Liouville numbers, and showed that they are all transcendental. It is known that
$\mathcal L$
has cardinality
$\mathfrak {c}$
, the cardinality of the continuum, and is a dense
$G_{\delta }$
subset of the set
$\mathbb {R}$
of all real numbers. In 1962, Erdős proved that every real number is the sum of two Liouville numbers. In this paper, a set W of complex numbers is said to have the Erdős property if every real number is the sum of two numbers in W. The set W is said to be an Erdős–Liouville set if it is a dense subset of
$\mathcal {L}$
and has the Erdős property. Each subset of
$\mathbb {R}$
is assigned its subspace topology, where
$\mathbb {R}$
has the euclidean topology. It is proved here that: (i) there exist
$2^{\mathfrak {c}}$
Erdős–Liouville sets no two of which are homeomorphic; (ii) there exist
$\mathfrak {c}$
Erdős–Liouville sets each of which is homeomorphic to
$\mathcal {L}$
with its subspace topology and homeomorphic to the space of all irrational numbers; (iii) each Erdős–Liouville set L homeomorphic to
$\mathcal {L}$
contains another Erdős–Liouville set
$L'$
homeomorphic to
$\mathcal {L}$
. Therefore, there is no minimal Erdős–Liouville set homeomorphic to
$\mathcal {L}$
.
THE CHROMATIC NUMBER OF -FREE GRAPHS
Authors: LAN KAIYANG , ZHOU YIDONG , LIU FENG 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe diamond is the complete graph on four vertices minus one edge;
$P_n$
and
$C_n$
denote the path and cycle on n vertices, respectively. We prove that the chromatic number of a
$(P_6,C_4,\mbox {diamond})$
-free graph G is no larger than the maximum of 3 and the clique number of G.
Learning the Brexit Lesson? Shifting Support for Direct Democracy in Germany in the Aftermath of the Brexit Referendum
Authors: Steiner Nils D. , Landwehr Claudia 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe June 2016 Brexit referendum sent international shock waves, possibly causing adjustments in public opinion not only in the UK, but also abroad. We suggest that these adjustments went beyond substantive attitudes on European integration and included procedural preferences towards direct democracy. Drawing on the insight that support for direct democracy can be instrumentally motivated, we argue that the outcome of the Brexit referendum led (politically informed) individuals to update their support for referendums based on their views towards European integration. Using panel data from Germany, we find that those in favour of European integration, especially those with high political involvement, turned more sceptical of the introduction of referendums in the aftermath of the Brexit referendum. Our study contributes to the understanding of preferences for direct democracy and documents a remarkable case of how – seemingly basic – procedural preferences can, in today's internationalized information environment, be shaped by high-profile events abroad.