bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The french (non-)compliance with the european energy policy
Authors: Engels Florian 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn the early years of the common European Energy policy, France has been labelled a black sheep or a bad pupil when it came to applying European and international energy, climate and energy market frameworks. As the country is currently engaged, in its own energy transition process (la transition énergétique) the question arises if these attributions are still valid. This article argues that several points of conflict between Paris and Brussels in the field of energy policy can still be identified today, especially in the areas of market liberalisation, the non-ETS sector and the promotion of renewable energy. Following the EU-compliance theory, the reasons for Paris’ deviations can be identified as both intentional and unintentional. On the one hand France is still politically reluctant to fully commit to Brussels energy policy objectives as they clash with the country’s view on the energy sector as a public welfare task. On the other hand, France faces systemic constraints due to its strong nuclear fleet, that dominates the country’s energy sector and therefore reduces Paris’ manoeuvrability within the European Energy framework. Because of this, France should be seen as an involuntary black sheep today, when it comes to non-compliance in EU-energy policy. Based on recent policy developments as well as energy production, consumption and GHG-emission data this article describes the current state of French and European energy and climate policies before analysing Paris’ performance towards the European framework goals as well as political reasons and structural constraints that inhibit further progress.
Psoriasis care in Germany: do patients who receive better care travel longer?
Authors: Mohr Nicole , Langenbruch Anna , Augustin Jobst , Kirsten Natalia , Augustin Matthias , Andrees Valerie 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Large variations in the quality of psoriasis care lead to patients being willing to bypass the nearest physician to receive higher quality of care. However, it remains unknown whether actual travel time is associated with quality of care. This study aimed to identify perceived quality of care determinants for travel time to the physician among patients with psoriasis in Germany. Furthermore, differences in access and perceived quality of care between urban and rural areas in Germany were analyzed.

Methods
This cross-sectional observational study based on patient-level healthcare data. Perceived quality of care and treatment satisfaction were assessed from the patients’ perspective. Travel time was estimated by the patients. Multiple regression analysis with the predictors patient characteristics, system-related variables, urbanity, and patient satisfaction with treatment, was applied to identify determinants of travel time with subgroup analyses for rural and urban areas.

Results
We included 497 patients from 29 dermatological practices in Germany. There were significant differences in psoriasis care between urban and rural areas. Longer travel time was associated with lower age, higher income, higher number of consulted dermatologists since diagnosis, rural residence, more waiting time for the first appointment, lower dermatologist density, and higher patient reported treatment satisfaction.

Discussion
The results indicate an association between actual travel time and treatment satisfaction. Patients with higher perceived quality of care travel longer for their dermatological treatment. The results are also relevant to needs related planning.
PIFs- and COP1-HY5-mediated temperature signaling in higher plants
Authors: Bian Yeting , Chu Li , Lin Huan , Qi Yaoyao , Fang Zheng , Xu Dongqing 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPlants have to cope with the surrounding changing environmental stimuli to optimize their physiological and developmental response throughout their entire life cycle. Light and temperature are two critical environmental cues that fluctuate greatly during day-night cycles and seasonal changes. These two external signals coordinately control the plant growth and development. Distinct spectrum of light signals are perceived by a group of wavelength-specific photoreceptors in plants. PIFs and COP1-HY5 are two predominant signaling hubs that control the expression of a large number of light-responsive genes and subsequent light-mediated development in plants. In parallel, plants also transmit low or warm temperature signals to these two regulatory modules that precisely modulate the responsiveness of low or warm temperatures. The core component of circadian clock ELF3 integrates signals from light and warm temperatures to regulate physiological and developmental processes in plants. In this review, we summarize and discuss recent advances and progresses on PIFs-, COP1-HY5- and ELF3-mediated light, low or warm temperature signaling, and highlight emerging insights regarding the interactions between light and low or warm temperature signal transduction pathways in the control of plant growth.
Attitudes and Practice of Health Care Providers Toward Cancer Screening: A Cross-sectional Multicenter Study, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Ahmed Gasmelseed Y. , Al Mutair Abbas , Bashir Shahinaz , Acunin Rommel , Al Aljabr Nora , Alnumari Rasha , Alarab Ghina , Hussein Siddig Mohamed , Saha Chandni , Al-Jamea Lamiaa H. , Woodman Alexander , Almusalami Eman 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Screening is a cancer prevention measure for groups who are asymptomatic, and diagnosis is a medical test for groups who are symptomatic. The occupational privilege of health care providers (HCPs) is expected to play a positive role in cancer screening practices. Therefore, this study aimed to assess perceptions and personal attitudes of HCPs regarding their decision to screen for cancer in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia.

Design
A cross-sectional multicenter survey study was conducted. A well-designed and validated questionnaire was distributed to the HCPs at three tertiary hospitals in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia.

Results
Out of 900 health care providers who received the questionnaire, 372 completed it. Two-thirds, 247 (66.4%) of them were nurses and the rest were physicians and the mean age was 34.1 ± 7.1 years. Regardless of gender, profession, or age, the overall rate of belief in the importance of regular cancer screening was high; 91.4%. The number of participants who did not screen for colonoscopy was significantly higher than those who screened. The number of females in the age group of between 45 and 54 years who screened with mammography was significantly higher than non-screened. In a similar way, male HCPs above 54 years who got themselves screened for Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) were significantly higher than those who did not.

Conclusions
Findings of the current research and existing evidence specifically for the Saudi community indicated a need to raise awareness, emphasizing the role of HCPs in motivating themselves, their families, and their patients to implement various cancer screening programs.
The Thinning Cash Cattle Market: Evaluating Sample Size, Policy Prescriptions, and Pricing Proxies
Authors: Brester Gary W. , Swanser Kole , Crosby Brett 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMany cattle producers and producer organizations are concerned that the live cattle negotiated market has become too thin. The percentage of live cattle procured through direct negotiations has declined below 20%, while the percentage procured through formulas has increased to more than 60%. Most formulas are based on directly negotiated cattle prices. Proposed legislation mandating that a larger percentage of live cattle be procured through negotiations represents a market intervention. We show that live cattle futures prices are good proxies for negotiated cash prices, while being less restrictive for meeting proposed cash cattle procurement percentage requirements.
Cost and healthcare utilization of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia estimated from linked antimicrobial resistance surveillance and hospital claims data in Japan
Authors: Shoji Tomokazu , Muto Ryusei , Fukuda Haruhisa , Muraki Yuichi , Kawata Keishi , Akazawa Manabu 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Objective:
To compare the incremental costs and healthcare utilization of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteremia with those of methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) bacteremia.

Design:
Retrospective cohort study using data from April 2014 to March 2015.

Setting:
Antimicrobial resistance surveillance and hospital claims data from 16 Japanese hospitals.

Patients:
The study included 73 patients with S. aureus bacteremia: 23 with MRSA and 50 with MSSA.

Methods:
MRSA bacteremia was identified using blood cultures and drug-susceptibility tests. MRSA- and MSSA-related medical practices were evaluated. The costs were calculated and compared. All the medical costs were classified into empirical and definitive therapy periods and expressed in Japanese yen (JPY, 1 USD = 106 JPY). Additionally, costs at aggressive and passive bacterial test-performing facilities were compared.

Results:
No significant differences existed in MRSA-related resource use per patient episode between MRSA and MSSA bacteremia during empirical therapy. However, during definitive therapy, in MRSA bacteremia compared with MSSA bacteremia, this difference was higher. The average MRSA-related costs of empirical therapy for MRSA and MSSA were 13,380 and 9,140 JPY (126 and 86 USD) per patient, and for definitive therapy, they were 69,810 and 29,510 JPY (659 and 278 USD) per patient, respectively. No significant differences were noted. Conversely, the average examination costs during definitive therapy differed significantly: 9,740 vs 3,850 JPY (92 vs 36 USD), respectively (P = .0294). Furthermore, the incremental costs in aggressive facilities were lower for the definitive therapy period than those in passive facilities.

Conclusions:
In the definitive therapy period, MRSA bacteremia had higher incremental costs and greater use of healthcare resources. In addition, the incremental costs in aggressive facilities were lower than those in passive facilities.
Internet Scamming and the Techniques of Neutralization: Parents’ Excuses and Justifications for Children’s Involvement in Online Dating Fraud in Nigeria
Authors: Aborisade Richard Abayomi 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTechniques of neutralization have largely been used to explain the triadic relationship between cybercrimes, offenders and victims, while the possible involvement of the offenders’ social networks as accomplices has been ignored. Interviewing parents, a qualitative study of their children’s romance scam involvement was conducted in Nigeria, exploring the parents’ disposition towards their children’s delinquent behaviour. In all, 52 interviews were conducted, and a thematic analysis of the narratives was carried out. Findings indicated that parents’ initial opposition to cybercrimes and support for enforcing laws against perpetrators changed towards accepting their children’s involvement in romance fraud. Parents adopted their children’s neutralization techniques in accepting their deviance. These findings have important implications in understanding the depth of Internet scams and parents’ social expectations in controlling their children’s behaviours.
In-work poverty in Montenegro
Authors: Golubovic Vojin , Mirkovic Milika , Kaludjerovic Jadranka 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMontenegro has the highest in-work poverty (IWP) rates among all ex-Yugoslav countries. Although the IWP rate in Montenegro is significantly below the average poverty rate for the entire population, it has increased substantially since 2013. Despite that, IWP is rarely discussed as an important topic in the media or by policymakers, although some policies do target the working population at risk. This article starts with the identification of factors that affect IWP and differences in IWP of specific population groups between Montenegro and selected ex-Yugoslav countries (Slovenia and Serbia). As low earnings and low wages from employment are the main causes of IWP, the article focuses on the analysis of policies that influence income: minimum wage policy, family policy and tax policy and their influence on IWP of specific population groups. We use SILC data to map trends of IWP, while further analysis is based on desk review and expert interviews. We conclude that the approach to IWP in Montenegro requires more integrated policies that should target population groups most exposed to IWP.
Prediction of successful reanalysis based on eye-blink rate and reading times in sentences with local ambiguity
Authors: Karsenti Lola , Meltzer-Asscher Aya 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe present study focuses on individual differences in the ability to recover from an initial misinterpretation during the processing of garden path (GP) sentences with local syntactic ambiguity. The performance of reanalysis in GP sentences is a cognitive task that requires efficient use of executive functions and allocation of working memory resources. In this study, we explored the possible role of the neurotransmitter dopamine, which has long been implicated in cognitive control processes, in the successful performance of reanalysis. We examined whether participants’ ability to successfully reanalyze a sentence with local ambiguity can be predicted based on (1) their tonic dopamine levels, as reflected by their resting state spontaneous eye-blink rate, measured prior to the experiment; and (2) their reading time patterns in the critical region of the sentence. We ran a self-paced reading experiment in Hebrew, assessing reanalysis performance via a paraphrasing task. We observed a linear and polynomial effect of eye-blink rate on reanalysis performance, with medium rates, corresponding to medium dopamine levels, associated with best performance. We also observed an effect of reading times, with longer reading times in the critical region predicting better reanalysis performance.
Techniques for blocking the propagation of two simultaneous contagions over networks using a graph dynamical systems framework
Authors: Carscadden Henry L. , Kuhlman Chris J. , Marathe Madhav V. , Ravi S. S. , Rosenkrantz Daniel J. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe consider the simultaneous propagation of two contagions over a social network. We assume a threshold model for the propagation of the two contagions and use the formal framework of discrete dynamical systems. In particular, we study an optimization problem where the goal is to minimize the total number of new infections subject to a budget constraint on the total number of available vaccinations for the contagions. While this problem has been considered in the literature for a single contagion, our work considers the simultaneous propagation of two contagions. This optimization problem is NP-hard. We present two main solution approaches for the problem, namely an integer linear programming (ILP) formulation to obtain optimal solutions and a heuristic based on a generalization of the set cover problem. We carry out a comprehensive experimental evaluation of our solution approaches using many real-world networks. The experimental results show that our heuristic algorithm produces solutions that are close to the optimal solution and runs several orders of magnitude faster than the ILP-based approach for obtaining optimal solutions. We also carry out sensitivity studies of our heuristic algorithm.
REMARKS ON HILBERT’S TENTH PROBLEM AND THE IWASAWA THEORY OF ELLIPTIC CURVES
Authors: RAY ANWESH 
Published: August 2022

AbstractLet E be an elliptic curve with positive rank over a number field K and let p be an odd prime number. Let
$K_{\operatorname {cyc}}$
be the cyclotomic
$\mathbb {Z}_p$
-extension of K and
$K_n$
its nth layer. The Mordell–Weil rank of E is said to be constant in the cyclotomic tower of K if for all n, the rank of
$E(K_n)$
is equal to the rank of
$E(K)$
. We apply techniques in Iwasawa theory to obtain explicit conditions for the rank of an elliptic curve to be constant in this sense. We then indicate the potential applications to Hilbert’s tenth problem for number rings.
A Sovereign and Virtuous Body: The Competent Muslim Woman’s Guide to Health in Thanawi’s Bihishtī Zēwar (1905)
Authors: Metcalf Barbara D. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMaulana Ashraf `Ali Thanawi, a reformist Islamic scholar, was very much part of his times in his urgent concern with women’s potential role in individual and societal “improvement,” the goal of the enormously successful encyclopedic work that included the chapter considered here. Thanawi’s teachings included generic elite male “best practices” on health and ethics, undergirded by Greco-Arabic humoral medicine in its Indian form. His text caught a historical moment when medical treatments were more craft than industrial, and when the professionalization of discrete Muslim and Hindu “systems” of Unani Tibb and Ayurveda, with Ayurveda increasingly incorporated into majoritarian Hindu nationalism, was only incipient. Health maintenance in Thanawi’s hands was a matter of empowering women to both spiritual and practical competence and responsibility, freeing them from resort to (as he saw it) quacks, ignorant midwives, and untrained women, along with dubious healers and holy men, Muslim or Hindu or any other. In its description of challenges, strategies, and resources related to health, his text offers a window into women’s everyday world. But it also raises comparative questions about the history of medicine, the history of emotions, ethnicity in a colonial context, and the potentially empowering implications of Islamic socio-religious reform for women.
Antimicrobial (ESBL) resistance genes in faecal E. coli of calves fed waste milk with antimicrobial residues
Authors: Cardoso Manuel , Prata Inês , Rebelo Inês , Nunes Telmo , Pires Ana , Carneiro Carla , Bexiga Ricardo 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis research paper aimed to evaluate the association between feeding waste milk to calves and the occurrence of antimicrobial multi-resistance by extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) enzymes through determining their production by E. coli isolates from 32 dairy farms. Among β-lactamase enzymes, ESBL provide resistance to a wide variety of β-lactam antimicrobials including penicillin and 2nd, 3rd and 4th generation cephalosporins. Feeding waste milk to calves has been observed to lead to increased antimicrobial resistance in faecal isolates of calves. In each farm included in this study, faecal samples were collected from the rectum of five healthy calves in the first month of life and pooled into a single container. Five isolates from each pool were selected and confirmed to be E. coli by amplification of the 16S rRNA gene. ESBL production was confirmed phenotypically on 148 isolates from 31 farms by use of the double-disk synergy test. Genotypic confirmation of ESBL production was performed by PCR for the genes blaCTX-M-1, −2, −8, −9 and blaCMY-2. A questionnaire was also performed and a mixed logistic regression model was used to identify risk factors for the occurrence of antimicrobial resistance. A negative binomial regression model was also used, in order to assess whether there was any association between certain farm management practices and the number of ESBL-producing E. coli isolates from each farm. Phenotypic confirmation of ESBL production was obtained on 40 E. coli isolates from 15 farms (48.4%), whereas genotypic confirmation was obtained on 55 isolates from 20 farms (64.5%). The use of three or more different intramammary antimicrobials to treat mastitis within the previous year significantly impacted the number of ESBL-producing E. coli isolates; on farms that did so, there were more isolates in which ESBL-producing E. coli was present, when compared to farms that had used less formulations within the same time span.
Associating changes in the bacterial community of rumen and faeces and milk fatty acid profiles in dairy cows fed high-starch or starch and oil-supplemented diets
Authors: Popova Milka , Ferlay Anne , Bougouin Adeline , Eugène Maguy , Martin Cécile , Morgavi Diego P. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe experiment reported in this research paper aimed to evaluate the effects of high-starch or starch and oil-supplemented diets on rumen and faecal bacteria, and explore links between the structure of bacterial communities and milk fatty acid (FA) profiles. We used four Holstein dairy cows in a 4 × 4 Latin square design. Cows were fed a diet rich in cereals (high-starch diet with 23% starch content on dry matter (DM) basis), a diet supplemented with saturated FA from Ca salts of palm oil + 18% DM starch, a diet with high content of monounsaturated FA (from extruded rapeseeds) + 18% DM starch or a diet rich in polyunsaturated FA (from extruded sunflower seeds) + 17% DM starch. At the end of each experimental period, cows were sampled for rumen and faecal contents, which were used for DNA extraction and amplicon sequencing. Partial least squares (PLS) regression analysis highlighted diet-related changes in both rumen and faecal bacterial structures. Sparse PLS discriminant analysis was further employed to identify biologically relevant operational taxonomical units (OTUs) driving these differences. Our results show that Butyrivibrio discriminated the high-starch diet and linked positively with higher concentrations of milk odd- and branched-chain FA. YS2-related OTUs were key taxa distinguishing diets supplemented with Ca salts of palm oil or sunflower seeds and correlated positively with linoleic acid in milk. Similarly, diets modulated faecal bacterial composition. However, correlations between changes in faecal and rumen bacteria were poor. With this work, we demonstrated that high-starch or lipid-supplemented diets affect rumen and faecal bacterial community structure, and these changes could have a knock-on effect on milk FA profiles.
The teat cup detachment level affects milking performance in an automatic milking system with teat cleaning and milking in the same teat cup
Authors: Lüdi Irene , Bruckmaier Rupert M. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe goal of the present study was to determine the best quarter milk flow for teat cup detachment depending on lactational stage and milking interval to optimize the milking process in automatic milking systems (AMS). Milking characteristics and post-milking teat condition were recorded in an AMS with all actions from teat cleaning to post-milking teat dipping occurring in the same teat cup and liner (GEA DairyRobot R9500). In 24 dairy cows, 12 in early (<80 DIM) and 12 in late lactation (>180 DIM), 294 milkings were recorded during 12 consecutive days. Teat cup detachment was set at a quarter milk flow of 50, 87.5 or 125 g/min. Voluntary milking intervals varied similarly in cows in early (6.1–14.8 h) and late lactation (6.3–15.7 h). Total milk yield, milk production per h and average milk flow were higher in early than in late lactation cows. Total milk yield per milking did not differ between detachment levels. The mean milking time was reduced by up to 1.5 min at the highest compared to the lowest detachment level mainly in early lactation cows (P < 0.05). However, no significant effect of the detachment level on milking time was observed at milking intervals >10 h. Average milk flow was higher at milking intervals >10 h than ≤10 h (P < 0.05). In the early lactation cows (only) the average milk flow increased with higher detachment levels (P < 0.05). Teat condition did not differ among detachment settings or milking intervals. In conclusion, teat cup detachment up to 125 g/min reduces milking time in both early and late lactation without a loss of milk yield or affecting the teat condition. Combined with a higher average milk flow through avoiding too short milking intervals, the total milking time and hence stall occupancy can be optimized by early teat cup detachment.