bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oral health impact of sugar‐sweetened beverage consumption among Korean adolescents
Authors: Sim EunBi , Sohn Woosung , Choi EunSil , Noh Hiejin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate the association between the frequency of SSB consumption and the prevalence of oral symptoms in adolescents.MethodsWe analysed the data collected from the 2017 (13th) Korea Youth Risk Behaviour Web‐based Survey (KYRBWS). KYRBS collected beverage consumption data from 64,991 Korean adolescents. Self‐reported oral symptoms including sensitivity to food, sharp aches and pains in the teeth, and painful or bleeding gums were also collected. Multivariable logistic regression modelling was used to test the association between the frequency of SSB consumption and oral symptoms groups.ResultsIt was found that Korean adolescents who consumed SSB at least once a week (94.4%) experienced more subjective oral symptoms (46.5%) even after controlling for confounding variables. In addition, as the frequency of SSB intake in adolescents increased, the subjective oral symptoms increased.ConclusionsThe results of this study clearly revealed that the SSB consumption impacted adolescents' subjective oral symptoms. Compared with those who did not consume SSBs, those who consumed SSBs showed increased for developing subjective oral symptoms.
Associations between perceived self‐efficacy and oral health behaviours in adolescents
Authors: Dolatabadi Samin , Bohlouli Babak , Amin Maryam 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectivesSelf‐efficacy is a strong health predictor as it affects patients' certainty about their ability to perform recommended behaviours to improve their health. The aim of this study was to examine the associations between perceived self‐efficacy and oral health behaviours among adolescents.MethodsA convenience sample of adolescents aged 12 to 18 years old was recruited from the University of Alberta dental clinic. Demographics, oral health behaviours, self‐rated oral health and task‐specific and general self‐efficacy were assessed using a questionnaire with three sections. For the comparisons of outcomes across different categories, Student t‐test, multivariate regression and chi‐squared tests were used.ResultsA total of 252 adolescents with average (SD) age of 14 (1.7) years participated in the study; 60% were girls; 81% were born in Canada; 56% were White; and 61% had dental coverage. Demographic characteristics had no significant correlation with general self‐efficacy. However, correlation coefficients indicated that younger adolescents had higher dietary self‐efficacy (negative correlation), girls had higher toothbrushing and dental visit self‐efficacy, and those with dental coverage had higher dental visit self‐efficacy. A significant association was found between toothbrushing, dietary habits and dental visits self‐efficacy (subscales of task‐specific self‐efficacy) and their respective outcomes (frequency of toothbrushing, sugar intake and regular dentist visits). General self‐efficacy was significantly associated with frequency of toothbrushing and participant's self‐rated oral health.ConclusionHigher task‐specific and general self‐efficacy correlated with better oral health behaviours among adolescents. Therefore, behavioural interventions should be designed to enhance self‐efficacy among adolescents in order to improve their oral health outcomes.
Correlation of the Vickers hardness of RO–Al2O3–SiO2 glasses with predicted liquidus temperatures
Authors: Lee Hyojin , Carty William 
Published: August 2022

AbstractVickers hardnesses of RO–Al2O3–SiO2 glasses were measured over a broad range of compositions, ranging from ternary endpoints to mixed ratios of RO (CaO with MgO, SrO, or BaO), with the systematic variation of Al2O3 and SiO2 levels. The hardnesses of CAS and MAS glasses are similar, ranging from 6.7 to 7.2 GPa, with the replacement of CaO with MgO producing a marginal increase in hardness. The substitution of SrO or BaO for CaO generally produced in a decrease in hardness down to 4.5 GPa with BaO. The sensitivity to alumina and silica levels, however, was much greater ranging from a minimum of 4.5 GPa to a maximum of ∼8.2 GPa. The correlation of the Vickers hardness with melting temperature was observed in the CAS system but generally not in the RO‐blended glasses. Overall, a combined cation field strength of modifier cations determined the hardness above the critical RO blending ratio.
An analysis of bacteriuria rates after endourological procedures
Authors: Seenappa Nethravathy Billava , Sinha Maneesh , Krishna Prasad Thyagaraj , Krishnamoorthy Venkatesh 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMedical literature on infection rates for certain specific endourological procedures is available. However, literature is lacking in providing a comprehensive view of the overall post endoscopic infection rates and their risk factors. This article attempts to provide an understanding of overall bacteriuria rate and discuss the contributory factors for common endourological procedures performed in a dedicated urology unit. This was a retrospective analysis of all patients who underwent endourological procedures at our Institute between January 2019 and December 2019. The following factors were assessed as contributors to post‐operative bacteriuria: gluteraldehyde versus plasma sterilization of endoscopic equipments, elective versus emergency procedures, age group, the presence of pre‐operative foreign bodies, post‐operative stent, chronic kidney disease (CKD), diabetes mellitus (DM), procedure time and American Society of Anaesthesiology (ASA) grades. The overall post‐operative bacteriuria rate was 17.85% in our total study population, 6.37% had symptomatic urinary tract infection (UTI). Chronic kidney disease (OR 3.5, p < 0.003) and higher ASA grade (OR 1.92, P < 0.002) appear to confer the highest risk of bacteriuria. The factors which were associated with a trend towards a higher incidence of UTI without reaching statistical significance included: the use of gluteraldehyde versus plasma sterilization, pre‐operative implants (Foley and ureteric stents), diabetes, advanced age, endoscopy time, post‐operative stent emergency surgeries and a clinical decision against the use of prophylactic antibiotics. The overall rate of bacteriuria in all endourological procedures was 17.8%, 6.37% had symptomatic UTI. Chronic kidney disease and higher ASA grades were the most important contributing factors to develop post‐operative bacteriuria.
Cold-adapted strains as plant growth-promoting bacteria on soybean seeds and biocontrol agents against Macrophomina phaseolina
Authors: Sarli Dinorah Anabella , Gomes Gisele Teixeira , Reznikov Sebastián , Acosta Federico Francisco , Fariña Julia Inés , Delgado Osvaldo Daniel , Sánchez Leandro A. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Aim
The aim was to characterize cold-adapted bacteria by testing their PGP features and antagonistic activity against Macrophomina phaseolina, both in vitro and coating soybean seeds (Glycine max [L.] Merr.).

Methods and results
Burkholderia gladioli MB39, Serratia proteamaculans 136 and Serratia proteamaculans 137 were evaluated. In vitro tests showed that S. proteamaculans 136 and 137 produce siderophore and indole-acetic acid (IAA), solubilize phosphate and fix nitrogen. Additionally, B. gladioli MB39 and S. proteamaculans 137 showed hydrolase activity and potent antifungal effects. The biocontrol efficacy over soybean seeds was evaluated using in vitro and greenhouse methods by immersing seeds into each bacterial suspension.
As a result, S. proteamaculans 136 has improved the performance in all the seed germination evaluated parameters. In addition, S. proteamaculans 137 and B. gladioli MB39 strongly inhibited M. phaseolina, reducing the infection index values to 10% and 0%, respectively.

Conclusion
Serratia proteamaculans 136, 137 and Burkholderia gladioli MB39 showed plant growth promotion features and inhibition of Macrophomina phaseolina infection by producing different antifungal compounds.

Significance and impact of the study
Our results reinforce the application of cold-adapted Serratia proteamaculans and Burkholderia gladioli bacterial strains as candidates for developing microbial formulation to promote plant growth and guarantee antifungal protection in soybean crops.
Challenges in the delivery of sex education for people with intellectual disabilities: A Chinese cultural‐contextual analysis
Authors: Lam Angus , Yau Matthew K. , Franklin Richard C. , Leggat Peter A. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundStaff members' views can have a significant impact on sexuality issues of people with intellectual disabilities. Research on the impact of sociocultural factors in this area in the Chinese context is sparse.MethodsSemi‐structured interviews were conducted with seven professionals (social worker, nurse, life skills trainer and manager) to explore their experiences of and attitudes towards the sexual needs of people with intellectual disabilities by applying interpretative phenomenological analysis.ResultsThe study identified two major themes, each with two sub‐themes: 1. Professional handling of the sexual needs of people with intellectual disabilities (sex education and intervention); 2. Barriers (incompatible approaches and parental resistance). Participants also experienced feelings of resignation facing the barriers they encountered. Collectivism and cultural view about sex are potentially the influencing factors.ConclusionThis study highlights the need to adopt an evidence‐based sex education programme whose content and delivery should take account of cultural factors.
The effect of risankizumab on achieving minimal clinically important differences in patient‐reported outcomes in patients with psoriatic arthritis: results from KEEPsAKE 1 and 2
Authors: Kristensen L.E. , Soliman A.M. , Papp K. , Barcomb L. , Eldred A. , Östör A. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundPsoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a chronic inflammatory disease that reduces the quality of life. This study assessed the effects of risankizumab (RZB) on the achievement of minimal clinically important differences (MCID) in patient‐reported outcomes (PROs).MethodsKEEPsAKE‐1 and ‐2 are randomized, placebo‐controlled Phase 3 clinical studies assessing RZB (150 mg) vs. placebo (PBO) in adult patients with PsA with inadequate response or intolerance to disease‐modifying antirheumatic drugs and/or biologics. Patients were randomized 1:1 to receive RZB or PBO for 24 weeks; starting at Week 24, all patients received RZB 150 mg through Week 52. PROs assessed were Patient's Global Assessment of Disease Activity (PtGA), Patient's Assessment of Pain, Health Assessment Questionnaire—Disability Index (HAQ‐DI), Short‐Form 36 Physical and Mental Component Summary scores (PCS and MCS, respectively), 5‐Level EQ‐5D (EQ‐5D‐5L), Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy—Fatigue (FACIT‐Fatigue), and Work Productivity and Activity Impairment (WPAI). The proportion of patients achieving MCID at Weeks 24 and 52 are reported. Odds ratios of achieving MCID with RZB treatment at Week 24, relative to PBO, were estimated by logistic regression controlling for baseline and stratification factors.ResultsIn KEEPsAKE‐1, RZB‐ vs. PBO‐treated patients were more likely to report MCID in all PROs at Week 24; similar results were obtained in KEEPsAKE‐2, except for SF‐36 MCS and WPAI presenteeism domain. In KEEPsAKE‐1 and KEEPsAKE‐2, 65% and 62% of RZB‐treated patients, respectively, reported MCID in PtGA at Week 24, which increased to 74% and 68%, respectively, at Week 52. Approximately 48% of all PBO‐treated patients reported MCID in PtGA at Week 24 and, after initiating RZB, >65% reported MCID at Week 52. Results were similar in the remaining PROs.ConclusionsThese data demonstrate that patients with PsA receiving RZB treatment are more likely to report clinically important improvements in PROs compared with patients receiving PBO.
The reporting quality of N‐of‐1 trials and protocols still needs improvement
Authors: Wei Zhipeng , Chu Xiajing , Han Jiani , Zhang Na , Li Yanfei , Yang Chaoqun , Wang Qi , Li Jiang , Belal Ahmed Atef , Yan Peijing , Li Xiuxia , Yang Kehu 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the reporting quality of single‐patient (N‐of‐1) trials and protocols based on the CONSORT Extension for N‐of‐1 trials (CENT) statement and the standard protocol items: recommendations for interventional trials (SPIRIT) extension and elaboration for N‐of‐1 trials (SPENT) checklist to examine the factors that influenced reporting quality.MethodsFour electronic databases were searched to identify N‐of‐1 trials and protocols from 2015 to 2020. Quality was assessed by two reviewers. We calculated the overall scores based on binary responses in which “Yes” was scored as 1 (if the item was fully reported), and “No” was scored as 0 (if the item was not clearly reported or not definitely stated).ResultsA total of 78 publications (55 N‐of‐1 trials and 23 protocols) were identified. The mean reporting score (SD) of the N‐of‐1 trials and protocols were 29.24 (0.89) and 29.61 (1.83), respectively. For the items related to outcomes, sample size, allocation concealment protocol, and informed consent materials, the reporting quality was low. Our results showed that the year of publication (t = ‐0.793, p = 0.872 for the trials and t = 1.352, p = 0.623 for the protocols) and the impact factor of the journal (t = 1.416, p = 0.619 for the trials and t = 0.359, p = 0.667 for the protocols) were not factors associated with better reporting quality.ConclusionWith the publication of the CENT 2015 statement and the SPENT 2019 checklist, authors should adhere to the relevant reporting guidelines and improve the reporting quality of N‐of‐1 trials and protocols.
Pressable lithium disilicate ceramic versus CAD/CAM resin composite restorations in patients with moderate to severe tooth wear: Clinical observations up to 13 years
Authors: Edelhoff Daniel , Erdelt Kurt‐Jürgen , Stawarczyk Bogna , Liebermann Anja 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo report the long‐term clinical survival and failure rates of single‐tooth restorations made of pressable lithium disilicate ceramics (LS2) and CAD/CAM resin composite (RC) by two separate clinical observations.Materials and methodsTwenty‐one patients (12 female, nine male) were treated with 436 minimally invasive single‐tooth restorations made of 274 pressed LS2 (n = 12; posterior: monolithic IPS e.max Press; anterior: IPS e.max Ceram veneered, Ivoclar) or 162 milled from RC (n = 9; monolithic exp. CAD/CAM resin composite, Ivoclar). The mean age of patients was 44.1 ± 9.3 years and the mean observation time was 86.2 ± 13.5 months (7.7 ± 1.1 years), with 8.5 ± 2.7 years for LS2 and 6.7 ± 0.5 years for RC. All restorations were observed for technical/biological failures using the modified criteria of the United States Public Health Service (USPHS). Collected data were analyzed using Kaplan–Meier survival analysis and log‐rank test (α < 0.025).ResultsThe 274 LS2 restorations showed a survival of 100% and a total failure rate of 5.5%. The 162 RC restorations showed a survival of 100% and a total failure rate of 25.3%. RC restorations exhibited more material fractures (p = 0.020) and higher discoloration rates (p < 0.001).ConclusionsPressed LS2 single‐tooth restorations showed lower long‐term failure rates than restorations made of RC.Clinical significanceDespite the limitations of the clinical observations, single‐tooth restorations of both materials can be recommended for permanent use in patients with severe tooth wear.
Meta analysis on color, total flavonoids, antioxidants, frictional, mechanical, and cutting force of moringa pods
Authors: Golla Sai Preetham , Ramesh Kumar Rashmitha , Veerapandian Chandrasekar , Rangarajan Jaganmohan , Mariya Anthony Tito Anand 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe color, total flavonoids, antioxidants, frictional and mechanical properties (bending stress, hardness, puncture force, peak cutting force) and cutting power requirement of moringa pod was studied and reported. Drying curves exhibited the falling rate drying characteristics with drying rate constant (k) (−1.18 × 107–.00571 m−1) and effective moisture diffusivities (1.500 × 10−6–2.817× 10−8 m2 s−1). The Page model with high R2 (.997–.8282) and low value (.00119–.000927) shows the best fit on drying curves. The L*, a*, b* and total difference in color values varied from 47.05 to 32.5; −9.89 to 6.41; 35.76–21.07; and .07–21.07, respectively. The chlorophyll content (.353–.264 mg/g dm) and the total flavonoids (1.3023–.1050 mg QE/g dm) were recorded. The total phenolics (5.4–21.739 mg GAE/g dm) showed an increasing trend whereas the antioxidant activity (31.5102–20.922%) decreased with increasing drying temperature. The bending stress, hardness, and puncture force ranged from 6514.38 to 1189.33 N/mm2; from 14.707 to 225.16 N; from 267.625 to 25.364 N. The peak cutting forces; and power requirement for cutting on the horizontal and longitudinal direction of moringa pods were 94.67–27.27 N and 179.95–73 N; and .249–.704 W and .434–1.124 W; respectively. The SEM analysis of moringa pods substantiated the variations in mechanical properties through microstructural changes. The results indicated that aspect ratio significantly affected the drying characteristics, frictional, and mechanical properties of moringa pods. Therefore, the aspect ratio can be considered while designing cutting tools, conveying, and processing equipment.Practical ApplicationsMoringa pods are used as a vegetable in curries, soups, and cuisines in significant parts of Asia and Africa. It has good nutritional characteristics and a very tempting flavor and aroma. However, the processing and value addition of moringa lack owing to primary processing tools and value addition machines because of the non‐existence of frictional, mechanical properties, and cutting force data concerning size, that is, aspect ratio and moisture content. The study's findings can help design and develop the cutters, tools, machines, and conveyors used for the primary processing and value addition of moringa pods.
Nursing management for temporary lodging facilities in Japan in the early stages of the COVID‐19 pandemic: A multiple‐case study
Authors: Kida Ryohei , Takemura Yukie , Inoue Maho , Ichikawa Naoko , Koyanagi Hiroe 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAimTemporary lodging facilities which were non‐medical facilities were established to secure beds for severely and moderately ill patients with COVID‐19, as well as for isolation, non‐contact observation, and care of mildly ill and asymptomatic patients in Japan. This study aims to understand nursing management practices adopted in these facilities by examining cases of their establishment and operation.MethodsA multiple‐case study design was used. Interviews for qualitative data collection were conducted from August to October 2020. After analyzing the nursing management practices in four temporary lodging facilities, common points were collated and integrated.ResultsFor the establishment and operation of temporary lodging facilities, a three‐layer structure based on disaster management methods was adopted: headquarters at the helm as overseers, field supervisors in the middle, and frontline nursing staff at the base. The structure had clear roles, facilitated information exchange, and provided efficient and effective nursing care. Field supervisors mainly provided psychological and clinical support for staff and served as information and interprofessional hubs.ConclusionIt is recommended that temporary lodging facilities should be organized based on principles of the division of labor. The workforce should comprise nursing staff, and experienced nursing professionals should be recruited to the higher echelons.
Simultaneous axial and radial swelling studies from 2D stereozoom images of tablet compacts composed of superdisintegrants
Authors: Arora Sagar , Sangwan Aarti , Kaur Harmeet , Singh Jasbir 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSwelling‐based disintegration is considered important for drug release from tablets and can be modified with excipients called tablet disintegrants. Swelling of tablets occurs axially and radially, and most researchers have observed both these events separately using 2D images. In the current work, we have studied these events simultaneously instead of separately under a stereozoom microscope for tablet compacts composed of high proportions of disintegrants (sodium starch glycolate, SSG and croscarmellose sodium, CCS), using water as the disintegrating medium. A hypothesis is proposed for the measurements of radial and axial swellings from a single 2D image, as horizontal lengths based on trigonometric functions for a right‐angle triangle. All predicted axial and radial lengths (as per proposed hypothesis) are found validated with respect to vernier calliper measurements for dry‐tablet compacts with a minute error of 3.809%. The axial swelling is approximately fivefolds more than that of radial swelling on the basis of normalised lengths. No particular trend can be spotted exclusively in favour of a superdisintegrant; however, the CCS‐based tablets have shown higher swelling as compared to SSG‐based tablets. From the current studies, it is evident that both axial and radial dimensions are obtainable from single 2D stereozoom images and can be successfully implemented for swelling studies of tablets.
Long‐term nucleus basalis cholinergic depletion induces attentional deficits and impacts cortical neurons and BDNF levels without affecting the NGF synthesis
Authors: Orciani Chiara , Hall Hélène , Pentz Rowan , Foret Morgan K. , Do Carmo Sonia , Cuello Augusto Claudio 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBasal forebrain cholinergic neurons (BFCNs) represent the main source of cholinergic innervation to the cortex and hippocampus and degenerate early in Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression. Phenotypic maintenance of BFCNs depends on levels of mature nerve growth factor (mNGF) and mature brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (mBDNF), produced by target neurons and retrogradely transported to the cell body. Whether a reciprocal interaction where BFCN inputs impact neurotrophin availability and affect cortical neuronal markers remains unknown. To address our hypothesis, we immunolesioned the nucleus basalis (nb), a basal forebrain cholinergic nuclei projecting mainly to the cortex, by bilateral stereotaxic injection of 192‐IgG‐Saporin (the cytotoxin Saporin binds p75ntr receptors expressed exclusively by BFCNs) in 2.5‐month‐old Wistar rats. At 6 months post‐lesion, Saporin‐injected rats (SAP) showed an impairment in a modified version of the 5‐Choice Serial Reaction Time Task (5‐choice task). Postmortem analyses of the brain revealed a reduction of Choline Acetyltransferase‐immunoreactive neurons compared to wild‐type controls. A diminished number of cortical vesicular acetylcholine transporter‐immunoreactive boutons was accompanied by a reduction in BDNF mRNA, mBDNF protein levels, markers of glutamatergic (vGluT1), and GABAergic (GAD65) neurons in the SAP‐group compared to the controls. NGF mRNA, NGF precursor, and mNGF protein levels were not affected. Additionally, cholinergic markers correlated with the attentional deficit and BDNF levels. Our findings demonstrate that while cholinergic nb loss impairs cognition and reduces cortical neuron markers, it produces differential effects on neurotrophin availability, affecting BDNF but not NGF levels.image