bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Attention Biases for Eating Disorder-Related Stimuli Versus Social Stimuli in Adolescents with Anorexia Nervosa – An Eye-Tracking Study
Authors: Sfärlea Anca , Radix Anne Kathrin , Schulte-Körne Gerd , Legenbauer Tanja , Platt Belinda 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAnorexia nervosa (AN) is characterized by attention biases for eating disorder-related information as well as altered attentional processing of social information. However, little is known about the interplay between the altered attentional processing of these two types of information. The present study investigates attention biases for eating disorder-related information (pictures of bodies) versus social information (pictures of faces), in adolescents with AN. Attention biases were assessed via eye-tracking during a passive-viewing task in which female bodies and faces were presented simultaneously and thus competed directly for attention. Female adolescents (13–18 years) with AN (n = 28) were compared to a clinical comparison group (adolescents with major depression; n = 20) and a comparison group of adolescents with no mental illness (n = 24). All groups looked longer at bodies than at faces, i.e., showed attention biases for bodies in maintenance of attention. These biases were more pronounced in adolescents with AN than in both comparison groups, particularly for underweight bodies, at the expense of looking less at social stimuli. The results indicate “dual” attention biases in adolescents with AN (i.e., towards bodies and away from emotional faces) which could have a twofold negative impact on eating disorder psychopathology: increased attention to eating disorder-related information might directly influence eating disorder symptoms while less attention to social information might have an indirect influence through the amplification of interpersonal difficulties.
Hello Darkness, My Old Friend: Moderating a Random Intercept Cross-lagged Panel Model of Loneliness and Symptoms of Anxiety and Depression
Authors: Kristensen Sara Madeleine , Urke Helga Bjørnøy , Larsen Torill Bogsnes , Danielsen Anne Grete 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe present study investigated the trait- and state-like associations between loneliness and symptoms of anxiety and depression during three years in middle to late adolescence. The moderating effect of gender and social self-efficacy was examined on the hypothesised model. The sample consisted of 1508 Norwegian upper secondary school students (61% female; mean age at T1 = 16.33; 52.9% high socioeconomic position; 70.6% Norwegian-born). We found 1) strong and positive trait- and state-like associations between loneliness and symptoms of anxiety and depression, 2) that anxiety and depressive symptoms consistently predicted later loneliness but not the other way around, 3) that gender moderated parts of the state-like associations between loneliness and symptoms of anxiety and depression, and 4) that social self-efficacy had no moderating effect on the longitudinal relationship between loneliness and anxiety and depressive symptoms. The present study might inform future research, theory development, and intervention strategies in middle to late adolescent samples.
La Nature et le corps du roi
Authors: Bührer-Thierry Geneviève 
Published: November 2022

RésuméDans son livre La Nature et le roi.Environnement, pouvoir et société à l’âge de Charlemagne (740-820), Jean-Pierre Devroey traite en profondeur, à travers plusieurs chapitres, de la personne du roi dans la bonne marche du monde, mettant ainsi en évidence la pluralité des héritages dans la construction idéologique du monde carolingien. Se poser la question de la place du roi au sein de la Nature permet d’appréhender cette médiation si particulière, qui repose en grande partie sur le corps du roi et puise à différentes traditions, largement reformulées dans le cadre d’une pensée chrétienne. Depuis les influences insulaires, notamment irlandaises, jusqu’à la culture de cour de la fin du ixe siècle, on possède des indices montrant que le corps du roi carolingien – mais sans doute aussi celui de la reine – constitue un élément de stabilité au sein du cosmos dont il garantit l’équilibre à condition de rester dans la « voie droite ». Ces conceptions s’estompent largement après le xie siècle dans la mesure où le roi n’est plus reconnu comme médiateur privilégié entre le Nature et la surnature.
Un discours de la méthode pour une histoire environnementale du haut Moyen Âge
Authors: Watteaux Magali 
Published: November 2022

RésuméLe dernier livre de Jean-Pierre Devroey, La Nature et le roi. Environnement, pouvoir et société à l’âge de Charlemagne (740-820), paru en 2019, offre une véritable leçon de méthode historique en même temps qu’il incarne les premiers développements de l’histoire environnementale dans le champ de la médiévistique. Bien que l’auteur assume l’inscription de sa recherche dans le contexte actuel des débats et des inquiétudes sur le réchauffement climatique, sa force est de plaider pour une histoire environnementale dégagée de tout déterminisme naturel. La présente contribution propose de revenir sur ce qui caractérise la méthode de J.-P. Devroey, en particulier s’agissant de l’articulation entre événements climatiques ou biologiques et crises frumentaires. Enfin, des convergences peuvent être discernées avec de récents travaux en histoire du droit, en archéogéographie et en géoarchéologie, qui dessinent les contours des synthèses plus vastes restant à écrire.
Worse than Hitler and Nazi Germany: Swiss Diplomats and the Cultural Revolution
Authors: Knüsel Ariane 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis article relies on reports written by Swiss diplomats during the Cultural Revolution in Beijing to discuss how they experienced the Cultural Revolution, and how the violence and chaos that they witnessed in 1966 and 1967 affected their mental health. Switzerland's importance as a hub for China in Western Europe meant that the Swiss diplomats were not harmed by the Red Guards. As a result, the Swiss diplomats gained a unique perspective among Beijing's foreign diplomats, observing and documenting the Cultural Revolution in fascinating detail in their reports to Bern. However, while they were protected from outright violence, they struggled with the helplessness they felt in the face of Red Guard brutality, being forced to witness the suffering of their colleagues and employees, traumatizing some of them to such an extent that they had to leave Beijing.
CLAUDIUS’ HUMILIATION AT SUETONIUS, DIVVS CLAVDIVS 8
Authors: O'Bryhim Shawn 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSuetonius says that court jesters put slippers on Claudius’ hands while he napped during Caligula's dinner parties so that he would rub his face with them when he awoke. Since touching someone with the sole of a shoe was an insult, the joke is that Claudius insulted himself when he unwittingly rubbed his own face with the slippers.
PINDAR, NEMEAN 1.24
Authors: Lane Nicholas 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis note considers a Pindaric crux. It argues that Aristarchus’ ‘solution’ should not have been so readily accepted because the evidence can be interpreted differently, giving more satisfactory sense if ἐϲλ᾽ ὡς rather than ἐϲλούϲ is read for the manuscripts’ ἐϲλόϲ.
‘Monarchical modern’: the making of Mysore city, 1880–1940
Authors: Nair Janaki 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe unique status of the city of Mysore arose from the fact that it was divested of all administrative functions save that of the Palace establishment. Principles of city planning were innovatively pursued, through a combination of sovereign authority and diverse forces, techniques and devices more properly associated with ‘governmentality’. It was among the first cities in India to have a City Improvement Trust in 1903. An investigation of the work of the Mysore City Improvement Trust in its negotiations with the municipality on the one hand and the Palace establishment on the other foregrounds the ‘monarchical’ as a specific form of power. What were the specific forms of material and temporal ‘ordering’ that came to distinguish Mysore city from its counterparts? This article looks at four distinct moments of this journey, related respectively to sanitizing, botanizing, ornamentalizing and spectacularizing, together producing a ‘depth of historical distance’.
Effects of Volcanic Aerosols on the Genesis of Tropical Cyclone Wukong (2018)
Authors: Liu Haiyang , Tang Xiaodong , Gu Jian‐Feng 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe short‐range impacts of volcanic aerosols from the eruption of the Kilauea volcano on the genesis of tropical cyclone (TC) Wukong in 2018 are investigated by numerical simulations, as distinct from the studies on the aerosol climate effects. The aerosol−radiation and aerosol−cloud effects are isolated through sensitivity experiments. For the aerosol−radiation effect, the radiative cooling at the low levels and heating above by aerosols southeast of Wukong's periphery induce stable sinking and decrease latent heating in the environment far from the storm center. Therefore, the sea‐level pressure increases there, enhancing low‐level radial inflow to the storm, inner‐core convection and the release of latent heat, which is conducive to TC genesis. For the aerosol−cloud effect, volcanic aerosols in storm circulation can be converted into cloud condensation nuclei, invigorating inner‐core convection, and subsequently favoring TC genesis. However, the nonlinear effect resulting from the interaction between aerosol−radiation and aerosol−cloud effects is not conducive to TC genesis, because it weakens the aerosol−cloud effect through the deposition of aerosols and also limits the aerosol−radiation effect through the increasing of peripheral convection.
Temperature‐Precipitation Scaling Rates: A Rainfall Event‐Based Perspective
Authors: Pérez Bello Alexis , Mailhot Alain , Paquin Dominique , Paquin‐Ricard Danahé 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe intensity of extreme rainfall is expected to increase in a future climate at a rate close to 7%/°C estimated from the Clausius‐Clapeyron (CC) relationship, which represents the rate of change of the atmospheric water holding capacity with temperature. Previous studies using fixed‐interval extremes (e.g., hourly or daily) have shown that extreme rainfall can also respond to temperature increases at a rate larger than the CC scaling (super CC scaling). Temperature‐precipitation scaling rates (TPSR) were estimated through an event‐based analysis for the Northeastern North American (NNA) region, using a 50‐member large ensemble of climate simulations over the 1956–2099 period. Rainfall events (REs), in which 1‐hr annual maximums (AMs) are embedded, were analyzed. Results show that the TPSR of the RE peak intensity is determined by the duration of the RE in which they are embedded. Rainfall event duration, indicative of rainfall types (large‐scale or convective), therefore plays an essential role and should be considered when estimating the TPSR. Super CC scaling observed for 1‐hr AM in southern regions of the domain was explained by a change in the dominant rainfall type. This study also confirms previously reported results that the more extreme 1‐hr AM will be part of a shorter and probably more convective dominant RE in a future climate.
Droplet digital microfluidic system for screening filamentous fungi based on enzymatic activity
Authors: Samlali Kenza , Alves Chiara Leal , Jezernik Mara , Shih Steve C. C. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractFungal cell-wall-degrading enzymes have great utility in the agricultural and food industries. These cell-wall-degrading enzymes are known to have functions that can help defend against pathogenic organisms. The existing methods used to discover these enzymes are not well adapted to fungi culture and morphology, which prevents the proper evaluation of these enzymes. We report the first droplet-based microfluidic method capable of long-term incubation and low-voltage conditions to sort filamentous fungi inside nanoliter-sized droplets. The new method was characterized and validated in solid-phase media based on colloidal chitin such that the incubation of single spores in droplets was possible over multiple days (2–4 days) and could be sorted without droplet breakage. With long-term culture, we examined the activity of cell-wall-degrading enzymes produced by fungi during solid-state droplet fermentation using three highly sensitive fluorescein-based substrates. We also used the low-voltage droplet sorter to select clones with highly active cell-wall-degrading enzymes, such as chitinases, β-glucanases, and β-N-acetylgalactosaminidases, from a filamentous fungi droplet library that had been incubated for >4 days. The new system is portable, affordable for any laboratory, and user-friendly compared to classical droplet-based microfluidic systems. We propose that this system will be useful for the growing number of scientists interested in fungal microbiology who are seeking high-throughput methods to incubate and sort a large library of fungal cells.
Structures and comparison of endogenous 2-oxoglutarate and pyruvate dehydrogenase complexes from bovine kidney
Authors: Liu Shiheng , Xia Xian , Zhen James , Li Zihang , Zhou Z. Hong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe α-keto acid dehydrogenase complex family catalyzes the essential oxidative decarboxylation of α-keto acids to yield acyl-CoA and NADH. Despite performing the same overarching reaction, members of the family have different component structures and structural organization between each other and across phylogenetic species. While native structures of α-keto acid dehydrogenase complexes from bacteria and fungi became available recently, the atomic structure and organization of their mammalian counterparts in native states remain unknown. Here, we report the cryo-electron microscopy structures of the endogenous cubic 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex (OGDC) and icosahedral pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC) cores from bovine kidney determined at resolutions of 3.5 Å and 3.8 Å, respectively. The structures of multiple proteins were reconstructed from a single lysate sample, allowing direct structural comparison without the concerns of differences arising from sample preparation and structure determination. Although native and recombinant E2 core scaffold structures are similar, the native structures are decorated with their peripheral E1 and E3 subunits. Asymmetric sub-particle reconstructions support heterogeneity in the arrangements of these peripheral subunits. In addition, despite sharing a similar monomeric fold, OGDC and PDC E2 cores have distinct interdomain and intertrimer interactions, which suggests a means of modulating self-assembly to mitigate heterologous binding between mismatched E2 species. The lipoyl moiety lies near a mobile gatekeeper within the interdomain active site of OGDC E2 and PDC E2. Analysis of the twofold related intertrimer interface identified secondary structural differences and chemical interactions between icosahedral and cubic geometries of the core. Taken together, our study provides a direct structural comparison of OGDC and PDC from the same source and offers new insights into determinants of interdomain interactions and of architecture diversity among α-keto acid dehydrogenase complexes.
Generation of Fermat’s spiral patterns by solutal Marangoni-driven coiling in an aqueous two-phase system
Authors: Xiao Yang , Ribe Neil M. , Zhang Yage , Pan Yi , Cao Yang , Shum Ho Cheung 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe solutal Marangoni effect is attracting increasing interest because of its fundamental role in many isothermal directional transport processes in fluids, including the Marangoni-driven spreading on liquid surfaces or Marangoni convection within a liquid. Here we report a type of continuous Marangoni transport process resulting from Marangoni-driven spreading and Marangoni convection in an aqueous two-phase system. The interaction between a salt (CaCl2) and an anionic surfactant (sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate) generates surface tension gradients, which drive the transport process. This Marangoni transport consists of the upward transfer of a filament from a droplet located at the bottom of a bulk solution, coiling of the filament near the surface, and formation of Fermat’s spiral patterns on the surface. The bottom-up coiling of the filament, driven by Marangoni convection, may inspire automatic fiber fabrication.
Osteoblast/osteocyte-derived interleukin-11 regulates osteogenesis and systemic adipogenesis
Authors: Dong Bingzi , Hiasa Masahiro , Higa Yoshiki , Ohnishi Yukiyo , Endo Itsuro , Kondo Takeshi , Takashi Yuichi , Tsoumpra Maria , Kainuma Risa , Sawatsubashi Shun , Kiyonari Hiroshi , Shioi Go , Sakaue Hiroshi , Nakashima Tomoki , Kato Shigeaki , Abe Masahiro , Fukumoto Seiji , Matsumoto Toshio 
Published: November 2022

AbstractExercise results in mechanical loading of the bone and stimulates energy expenditure in the adipose tissue. It is therefore likely that the bone secretes factors to communicate with adipose tissue in response to mechanical loading. Interleukin (IL)−11 is known to be expressed in the bone, it is upregulated by mechanical loading, enhances osteogenesis and suppresses adipogenesis. Here, we show that systemic IL-11 deletion (IL-11−/−) results in reduced bone mass, suppressed bone formation response to mechanical loading, enhanced expression of Wnt inhibitors, and suppressed Wnt signaling. At the same time, the enhancement of bone resorption by mechanical unloading was unaffected. Unexpectedly, IL-11−/− mice have increased systemic adiposity and glucose intolerance. Osteoblast/osteocyte-specific IL-11 deletion in osteocalcin-Cre;IL-11fl/fl mice have reduced serum IL-11 levels, blunted bone formation under mechanical loading, and increased systemic adiposity similar to IL-11−/− mice. Adipocyte-specific IL-11 deletion in adiponectin-Cre;IL-11fl/fl did not exhibit any abnormalities. We demonstrate that osteoblast/osteocyte-derived IL-11 controls both osteogenesis and systemic adiposity in response to mechanical loading, an important insight for our understanding of osteoporosis and metabolic syndromes.
Cutmarked bone of drought-tolerant extinct megafauna deposited with traces of fire, human foraging, and introduced animals in SW Madagascar
Authors: Hixon Sean W. , Domic Alejandra I. , Douglass Kristina G. , Roberts Patrick , Eccles Laurie , Buckley Michael , Ivory Sarah , Noe Sarah , Kennett Douglas J. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPeople could have hunted Madagascar’s megafauna to extinction, particularly when introduced taxa and drought exacerbated the effects of predation. However, such explanations are difficult to test due to the scarcity of individual sites with unambiguous traces of humans, introduced taxa, and endemic megaherbivores. We excavated three coastal ponds in arid SW Madagascar and present a unique combination of traces of human activity (modified pygmy hippo bone, processed estuarine shell and fish bone, and charcoal), along with bones of extinct megafauna (giant tortoises, pygmy hippos, and elephant birds), extirpated fauna (e.g., crocodiles), and introduced vertebrates (e.g., zebu cattle). The disappearance of megafauna from the study sites at ~ 1000 years ago followed a relatively arid interval and closely coincides with increasingly frequent traces of human foraging, fire, and pastoralism. Our analyses fail to document drought-associated extirpation or multiple millennia of megafauna hunting and suggest that a late combination of hunting, forest clearance, and pastoralism drove extirpations.
Changes in retro-odontoid mass after upper cervical spine surgery
Authors: Shin Jae-Won , Suk Kyung-Soo , Kim Hak-Sun , Yang Jae-Ho , Lee Hwan-Mo , Moon Sung-Hwan , Lee Byung-Ho , Park Jin-Oh , Park Sang-Jun , Park Sub-ri , Kim Sun-kyu , Garcia Jane F. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA non-neoplastic mass posterior to the dens is termed a retro-odontoid mass (R-OM). This retrospective study evaluated radiographic and clinical outcomes and R-OM changes after upper cervical spine surgery. This study included 69 patients who underwent upper cervical spine surgery, including atlantoaxial fusion, occipitocervical fusion, or decompression. All patients underwent preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Six-month follow-up MRI examinations were performed in 30 patients who had preoperative R-OMs. Radiographic outcomes of the anterior and posterior atlantodental intervals were measured using X-rays and computed tomography. The R-OM and space available for the cord (SAC) were measured using MRI. Clinical outcomes were evaluated using neck and arm pain visual analog scales, the Japanese Orthopedic Association score, the neck disability index, and the patient-reported subjective improvement rate. The anterior atlantodental interval decreased, while the posterior atlantodental interval and SAC increased postoperatively. Among the clinical outcomes, the neck and arm pain and the neck disability index decreased postoperatively, while the Japanese Orthopedic Association score increased. All clinical and radiographic outcomes improved postoperatively. The R-OM either decreased in size or disappeared after fusion surgery in all cases, except in one patient who underwent decompression surgery. In conclusion, stabilization through fusion surgery is essential for treating R-OM.
Starter culture-related changes in free amino acids, biogenic amines profile, and antioxidant properties of fermented red beetroot grown in Poland
Authors: Choińska Renata , Piasecka-Jóźwiak Katarzyna , Woźniak Łukasz , Świder Olga , Bartosiak Elżbieta , Bujak Marzena , Roszko Marek Łukasz 
Published: November 2022

AbstractFermentation of two red beet cultivars (Wodan and Alto) with single-strain starter cultures consisting of selected strains of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) of plant origin (Weissella cibaria KKP2058, Levilactobacillus brevis ZF165) and a multi-strain culture (containing W. cibaria KKP2058, L. brevis ZF165, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum KKP1822, Limosilactobacillus fermentum KKP1820, and Leuconostoc mesenteroides JEIIF) was performed to evaluate their impact on betalains, free amino acids, formation of biogenic amines, and antioxidative properties of the juice formed. Next-generation sequencing data analysis used to identify the microbial community revealed that the starter cultures promoted the dominance of the genus Lactobacillus, and decreased the proportion of spoilage bacteria compared to spontaneously fermented juices. Generally, the fermentation process significantly influenced the amount of the analyzed compounds, leading in most cases to their reduction. The observed changes in the studied parameters depended on the starter culture used, indicating different metabolic activities of the LAB strains towards bioactive compounds. The use of multi-strain starter cultures allowed to largely prevent the reduction of betacyanins and histamine formation.