bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Constraints on parameter choices for successful time-series prediction with echo-state networks
Authors: Storm L , Gustavsson K , Mehlig B 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Echo-state networks are simple models of discrete dynamical systems driven by a time series. By selecting network parameters such that the dynamics of the network is contractive, characterized by a negative maximal Lyapunov exponent, the network may synchronize with the driving signal. Exploiting this synchronization, the echo-state network may be trained to autonomously reproduce the input dynamics, enabling time-series prediction. However, while synchronization is a necessary condition for prediction, it is not sufficient. Here, we study what other conditions are necessary for successful time-series prediction. We identify two key parameters for prediction performance, and conduct a parameter sweep to find regions where prediction is successful. These regions differ significantly depending on whether full or partial phase space information about the input is provided to the network during training. We explain how these regions emerge.
The physiological blood concentration of phenylalanine-proline can ameliorate cholesterol metabolism in HepG2 cells
Authors: Banno Arata , Yamamoto Mako , Mijiti Maihemuti , Takeuchi Asahi , Ye Yuyang , Oda Natsuki , Nishino Nanami , Ebihara Akio , Nagaoka Satoshi 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
We have previously reported that the dipeptide Phe-Pro affects lipid metabolism in vivo and in vitro, but very little is known regarding the mechanism of action of Phe-Pro after it is absorbed by the intestines via PepT1. In this study, we administered a single oral dose of Phe-Pro to rats and quantified its concentration in the portal plasma using LC-TOF/MS analysis. Additionally, the physiological blood concentration of Phe-Pro was added to the lipid accumulation model of HepG2 cells to decrease intracellular cholesterol and increase the expression of CYP7A1 and PPARα mRNA levels. Moreover, we analyzed the binding of PPARα and Phe-Pro using AlphaFold2. We found that Phe-Pro is a ligand for PPARα. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that shows Phe-Pro to be present in the portal plasma. We found for the first time that Phe-Pro ameliorated cholesterol metabolism in HepG2 cells.
ImaGene: a web-based software platform for tumor radiogenomic evaluation and reporting
Authors: Sukhadia Shrey S , Tyagi Aayush , Venkataraman Vivek , Mukherjee Pritam , Prasad Pratosh , Gevaert Olivier , Nagaraj Shivashankar H 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Summary
Radiographic imaging techniques provide insight into the imaging features of tumor regions of interest, while immunohistochemistry and sequencing techniques performed on biopsy samples yield omics data. Relationships between tumor genotype and phenotype can be identified from these data through traditional correlation analyses and artificial intelligence (AI) models. However, the radiogenomics community lacks a unified software platform with which to conduct such analyses in a reproducible manner. To address this gap, we developed ImaGene, a web-based platform that takes tumor omics and imaging datasets as inputs, performs correlation analysis between them, and constructs AI models. ImaGene has several modifiable configuration parameters and produces a report displaying model diagnostics. To demonstrate the utility of ImaGene, we utilized data for invasive breast carcinoma (IBC) and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and identified potential associations between imaging features and nine genes (WT1, LGI3, SP7, DSG1, ORM1, CLDN10, CST1, SMTNL2, and SLC22A31) for IBC and eight genes (NR0B1, PLA2G2A, MAL, CLDN16, PRDM14, VRTN, LRRN1, and MECOM) for HNSCC. ImaGene has the potential to become a standard platform for radiogenomic tumor analyses due to its ease of use, flexibility, and reproducibility, playing a central role in the establishment of an emerging radiogenomic knowledge base.

Availability and implementation
www.ImaGene.pgxguide.org, https://github.com/skr1/Imagene.git.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at https://github.com/skr1/Imagene.git.
Learning at your brain’s rhythm: individualized entrainment boosts learning for perceptual decisions
Authors: Michael Elizabeth , Covarrubias Lorena Santamaria , Leong Victoria , Kourtzi Zoe 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Training is known to improve our ability to make decisions when interacting in complex environments. However, individuals vary in their ability to learn new tasks and acquire new skills in different settings. Here, we test whether this variability in learning ability relates to individual brain oscillatory states. We use a visual flicker paradigm to entrain individuals at their own brain rhythm (i.e. peak alpha frequency) as measured by resting-state electroencephalography (EEG). We demonstrate that this individual frequency-matched brain entrainment results in faster learning in a visual identification task (i.e. detecting targets embedded in background clutter) compared to entrainment that does not match an individual’s alpha frequency. Further, we show that learning is specific to the phase relationship between the entraining flicker and the visual target stimulus. EEG during entrainment showed that individualized alpha entrainment boosts alpha power, induces phase alignment in the pre-stimulus period, and results in shorter latency of early visual evoked potentials, suggesting that brain entrainment facilitates early visual processing to support improved perceptual decisions. These findings suggest that individualized brain entrainment may boost perceptual learning by altering gain control mechanisms in the visual cortex, indicating a key role for individual neural oscillatory states in learning and brain plasticity.
Occupations Associated With Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection and Vaccination, US Blood Donors, May 2021–December 2021
Authors: Shah Melisa M , Spencer Bryan R , Feldstein Leora R , Haynes James M , Benoit Tina J , Saydah Sharon H , Groenewold Matthew R , Stramer Susan L , Jones Jefferson M 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundThere are limited data on the risk of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in the United States by occupation. We identified occupations at higher risk for prior SARS-CoV-2 infection as defined by the presence of infection-induced antibodies among US blood donors.MethodsUsing a nested case-control study design, blood donors during May–December 2021 with anti-nucleocapsid (anti-N) testing were sent an electronic survey on employment status, vaccination, and occupation. The association between previous SARS-CoV-2 infection and occupation-specific in-person work was estimated using multivariable logistic regression adjusting for sex, age, month of donation, race and ethnicity, education, vaccination, and telework.ResultsAmong 85 986 included survey respondents, 9504 (11.1%) were anti-N reactive. Healthcare support (20.3%), protective service (19.9%), and food preparation and serving related occupations (19.7%) had the highest proportion of prior infection. After adjustment, prior SARS-CoV-2 infection was associated with healthcare practitioners (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 2.10; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.74–2.54) and healthcare support (aOR, 1.82; 95% CI, 1.39–2.40) occupations compared with computer and mathematical occupations as the referent group. Lack of coronavirus disease 2019 vaccination (aOR, 16.13; 95% CI, 15.01–17.34) and never teleworking (aOR, 1.17; 95% CI, 1.05–1.30) were also independently associated with prior SARS-CoV-2 infection. Construction and extraction occupations had the highest proportion of unvaccinated workers (30.5%).ConclusionsWorkers in healthcare, protective services, and food preparation had the highest prevalence of prior SARS-CoV-2 infection. Occupational risks for SARS-CoV-2 infection remained after adjusting for vaccination, telework, and demographic factors. These findings underscore the need for mitigation measures and personal protection in healthcare settings and other workplaces.
Differential-Aided Preimage Attacks On Round-Reduced Keccak
Authors: Wei Congming , Dong Xiaoyang , Meier Willi , Qin Lingyue , Fu Ximing 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
At FSE 2008, Leurent introduced the preimage attack on MD4 by exploiting differential trails. In this paper, we apply the differential-aided preimage attack to Keccak with the message modification techniques. Instead of directly finding the preimage, we exploit differential characteristics to modify the messages, so that the differences of their hashing values and the changes of given target can be controlled. By adding some constraints, a trail can be used to change one bit at a time and reduce the time complexity by a factor of 2. When the number of rounds increases, we introduce two-stage modification techniques to satisfy part of constraints as well. In order to solve other constraints, we also combine the linear-structure technique and accordingly give a preimage attack on 5-round Keccak[$r=1440,c=160,l=80$].
Strong Anonymous Communication System Based on Segment Routing Over SDN
Authors: Feng Li , Ni Xiaoling , Ling Zhen , Wang Liangmin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Software defined networking (SDN) has brought a novel networking paradigm for achieving the goal of anonymous communication. In this paper, we propose a strong anonymous communication scheme based on segment routing (STAR), which does not need all forwarding devices to support OpenFlow protocol and is easy to deploy in SDNs. In STAR, by expanding the packet format of segment routing via Sphinx protocol, the required routing information is encrypted and hidden in the packet header to prevent the enemy from associating with the communication parties. Moreover, to avoid the adversary connecting the communication parties based on load information, the trust controller is employed as an auxiliary node to negotiate the symmetric key between the communication parties for encrypting the packet load. The theoretical analysis shows that, when the adversary compromises multiple intermediate nodes, a low correct linking probability and effective attack resistance are obtained, which proves the weak correlation and stronger anonymity of STAR. Besides, evaluation results confirm that, compared with existing anonymous systems, the proposed STAR can ensure stronger anonymity and higher throughput (83.7% for that of no anonymity) by just introducing very small communication latency (microseconds) and resource cost. Especially for the large-volume data in large-scale SDNs, the advantages will be more obvious.
Pledge-and-Review Bargaining: from Kyoto to Paris
Authors: Harstad Bård 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA tractable dynamic model of international climate policies is analysed. The choice of bargaining game influences participation levels, emission quotas and technology investment levels. I derive several predictions that are arguably consistent with the differences between the 1997 Kyoto Protocol and the 2015 Paris Agreement—including the transitioning from the former to the latter.
Ventricular morphology of single-ventricle hearts has a significant impact on outcomes after Fontan palliation: a meta-analysis
Authors: Ponzoni Matteo , Azzolina Danila , Vedovelli Luca , Gregori Dario , Di Salvo Giovanni , D’Udekem Yves , Vida Vladimiro , Padalino Massimo A 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
A conclusive interpretation of the role of ventricular dominance in outcomes after Fontan palliation has not been formulated yet. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of scientific literature to give an insight into the impact of ventricular morphology in single-ventricle palliation, focusing on its influence on survival, morbidities, ventricular performance and functional capacity.

METHODS
A systematic review of PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus databases was performed. A random-effect meta-analysis was conducted, and survival data were reconstructed using the published Kaplan–Meier survival curves.

RESULTS
Twenty-seven studies were selected, for a total of 4529 left-dominant versus 4844 right-dominant patients. Estimated survival at 1, 5, 10, 20 and 30 years of follow-up was 0.99 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.98–0.99], 0.95 [95% CI = 0.94–0.96], 0.92 [95% CI = 0.91–0.93], 0.86 [95% CI = 0.84–0.88] and 0.68 [95% CI = 0.65–0.83] for left-dominant patients and 0.94 [95% CI = 0.93–0.95], 0.89 [95% CI = 0.88–0.9], 0.85 [95% CI = 0.83–0.87], 0.69 [95% CI = 0.63–0.75] and 0.59 [95% CI = 0.5–0.69] for right-dominant patients, respectively. Survival was statistically lower for right-dominant patients (P &lt; 0.001), with an hazard ratio for the mortality of 2.38 (2.03–2.80); also, they displayed significantly longer hospital stay, worse ventricular function, larger ventricular volumes and a higher incidence of moderate or severe atrioventricular valve regurgitation when compared to left-dominant patients.

CONCLUSIONS
According to our meta-analysis, the morphology of the dominant ventricle has a significant impact on outcomes after Fontan palliation. Right-dominant patients experience an inferior long-term survival when the anatomical right ventricle is included in the systemic circulation.
May Measurement Month 2018: an analysis of blood pressure screening results from Benin
Authors: Houehanou Corine , Sonou Arnaud , Adjagba Philippe , Dohou Hugues , Hounkponou Murielle , Kpolédji Gwladys , Saka Dominique , Assogba Gildas , Assani Salimatou , Wang Wei , Beaney Thomas , Poulter Neil R , Codjo Léopold , Houenassi Martin D 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Hypertension is the strongest cardiovascular risk factor worldwide. May Measurement Month (MMM) is an international campaign for blood pressure (BP) screening initiated by the International Society of Hypertension. This work aims to estimate the proportion and the levels of awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in participants of the MMM survey in Benin in 2018. A cross-sectional survey focused on people aged ≥18 years was conducted in May 2018 in nine rural and urban areas in Benin. A sampling of volunteers was done. BP was measured following the MMM protocol. Hypertension was defined as a systolic BP ≥140 mm Hg and/or a diastolic BP ≥90 mm Hg (mean of the second and third readings) and/or taking antihypertensive medication. Linear regression was used to identify BP associations. A total of 2035 people were screened, including 55.9% women. The mean age was 44.2 ± 15.9 years. The percentage with hypertension was 35.4%. Of 721 participants with hypertension, 56.2% were aware of their diagnosis, 39.7% were on antihypertensive medication, and 13.6% were controlled (&lt;140/90 mmHg). The results confirm the significant proportion of hypertension in Benin. Education programs on risk factors, early detection, and better management strategies should be developed.
A novel and practical method to add video monitoring to tilt table testing
Authors: de Lange Frederik Jorrit , Hofland Willem Petrus Merijn Emmanuël , Ferrara Alessio , Gargaro Alessio , Brignole Michele , van Dijk Jan Gerrit 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAimsWe describe a novel, practical, and inexpensive method to add video recording during tilt table testing (TTT): Open-Access-Video-TTT.Methods and resultsThe Open-Access-Video-TTT set-up uses a personal computer (PC) to capture screen video data from a non-invasive-beat-to-beat (NIBTB) haemodynamic blood pressure (BP) device, combined with video recording of a patient, using Open Broadcaster Software (OBS®). The new Open-Access-Video-TTT set up was tested with both the Finometer (model Finapres Nova®, Medical Systems, the Netherlands) and the Task Force® Touch Cardio monitor (CNSystems, Austria). For this, the Finapres Nova® was enabled in ‘remote’ mode and Real Video Network Computing (RealVNC®) was installed on the PC/laptop. The Task Force® has a DisplayPort (DP) port, for which a DP/ high-definition multimedia interface (HDMI) cable and a video capture card is used to merge the signals to the PC/laptop. With this method the combined images are stored as a new video signal. TTT can be performed with any routine protocol.ConclusionsOpen Access-Video-TTT worked well for both the Finapres NOVA® and the Task Force Monitor ®. This novel method can be used easily by all physicians who wish to add video recording during TTT who do not have access to an electroencephalogram machine.
Metabolic pathways and ΔpH regulation in Escherichia coli during the fermentation of glucose and glycerol in the presence of formate at pH 6.5: the role of FhlA transcriptional activator
Authors: Gevorgyan Heghine , Khalatyan Satenik , Vassilian Anait , Trchounian Karen 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Escherichia coli is able to ferment mixed carbon sources and produce various fermentation end-products. In this study, the function of FhlA protein in the specific growth rate (µ), metabolism, regulation of ΔpH and proton ATPase activity was investigated. Reduced µ in fhlA mutant of ∼25% was shown, suggesting the role of FhlA in the growth process. The utilization rate of glycerol is decreased in fhlA ∼ 2 fold, depending on the oxidation-reduction potential values. Bacteria regulate the activity of hydrogenase enzymes during growth depending on the external pH, which manifests as a lack of hydrogen gas generation during glycerol utilization at pH values below 5.9. It is suggested that cells maintain ΔpH during the fermentative growth via formate-lactate-succinate exchange. The decrement of the value of pHin, but not of pHex in mutant cells, is regulating ΔpH and consequently proton motive force generation.
Subjective Cognitive Decline Is Associated With Lower Baseline Cognition and Increased Rate of Cognitive Decline
Authors: Morrison Cassandra , Oliver Michael D 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectivesSubjective cognitive decline (SCD) is a known risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease. However, little research has examined whether healthy older adults with SCD (SCD+) exhibit lower cognition and increased rates of cognitive decline compared to those without SCD (SCD−). The goal of this study was to examine if cognitive change over a 15-year period differs between SCD+ and SCD−.Method3,019 cognitively normal older adults (831 SCD+) from 3 Rush Alzheimer’s Disease Center cohort studies were followed annually for up to a maximum of 15 years. Due to attrition, the average follow-up time was 5.7 years. Cognition was measured using z-scores of global cognition, episodic memory, semantic memory, perceptual speed, visuospatial ability, and working memory. Linear mixed-effects models investigated whether SCD was associated with cognitive change.ResultsBoth baseline cognition and cognitive change over time differed between SCD+ and SCD−. People with SCD+ exhibited lower baseline scores and a steeper decline in global cognition, episodic memory, semantic memory, and perceptual speed. People with SCD+ did not differ from SCD− in baseline visuospatial ability or working memory but exhibited increased change over time in those two domains compared to SCD−.DiscussionThe observed results reveal that older adults with SCD+ have lower baseline cognition and steeper declines in cognition over time compared to SCD−. Older adults with SCD may be aware of subtle cognitive declines that occur over time in global cognition, episodic memory, semantic memory, perceptual speed, visuospatial ability, and working memory compared to those without SCD.
The Paradox of the DABUS Judgment of the German Federal Patent Court
Authors: Kim Daria 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The judgment of the German Federal Patent Court (Bundespatentgericht) in the Food container case1 holds a unique place in the worldwide series of DABUS2 cases. On the one hand, it confirmed that an artificial intelligence (AI) system cannot be regarded as an inventor under patent law, which has so far been a dominant trend in other jurisdictions concerned with the matter.3 On the other hand, it allowed the applicant Stephen Thaler, who insisted on not having invented the food container, to be designated as the inventor in the patent application, thus, opening up an opportunity for him to become the patent owner. While the case outcome may appear as a constructive compromise, one may question the internal consistency of the court’s reasoning. This analysis shows that the judgment is paradoxical in that, by allowing Thaler to be deemed the inventor of the food container, it contradicts the very principle of human creativity underlying the inventor’s (moral) right to be named – the principle that was relied upon by the adjudicating Board when denying the designation of DABUS as the inventor.
Is news media sharing an active framing process? Examining whether individual tweets retain news media frames about climate change
Authors: Hubner Austin , Dixon Graham 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Social network sites have become a primary tool for consuming and sharing news. Typically, sharing a news media article on social media involves two pieces of information: the news media frame and the individual’s commentary. With framing as an active, iterative process, we examine the extent to which individuals replicate or reframe when sharing news about climate change to Twitter. First, we conducted a framing analysis of news about climate change. Then, we assessed whether tweets sharing the news media articles in our framing analysis (n = 9,557) retained or reframed the original frame. Results show 74.64% of the tweets were not a direct replication of the original news media frame. Furthermore, the likelihood that an individual chose to reframe depended on the frame of the original article. Overall, our study illustrates how a constructionist framing approach can be applied to understand the dynamic nature of news sharing on Twitter.
Natural variations of HSFA2 enhance thermotolerance in grapevine
Authors: Liu Xinna , Chen Haiyang , Li Shenchang , Lecourieux David , Duan Wei , Fan Peige , Liang Zhenchang , Wang Lijun 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHeat stress limits growth and development of crops including grapevine which is a popular fruit in the world. Genetic variability in crops thermotolerance is not well understood. We identified and characterized heat stress transcription factor HSFA2 in heat sensitive Vitis vinifera ‘Jingxiu’ (named as VvHSFA2) and heat tolerant Vitis davidii ‘Tangwei’ (named as VdHSFA2). The transcriptional activation activities of VdHSFA2 are higher than VvHSFA2, the variation of single amino acid (Thr315Ile) in AHA1 motif leads to the difference of transcription activities between VdHSFA2 and VvHSFA2. Based on 41 Vitis germplasms, we found that HSFA2 is differentiated at coding region among heat sensitive V. vinifera, and heat tolerant Vitis davidii and Vitis quinquangularis. Genetic evidence demonstrates VdHSFA2 and VvHSFA2 are positive regulators in grape thermotolerance, and the former can confer higher thermotolerance than the latter. Moreover, VdHSFA2 can regulate more target genes than VvHSFA2. As a target gene of both VdHSFA2 and VvHSFA2, overexpression of MBF1c enhanced the grape thermotolerance whereas dysfunction of MBF1c resulted in thermosensitive phenotype. Together, our results revealed that VdHSFA2 confers higher thermotolerance than VvHSFA2, and MBF1c acts as their target gene to induce thermotolerance. The VdHSFA2 may be adopted for molecular breeding in grape thermotolerance.