bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improper handling of vomitus as a risk factor in the human norovirus outbreak in a kindergarten in Wuyi County, Zhejiang Province, China
Authors: Sun Wanwan , Pang Zhifeng , He Yuanyuan , Chen Yijuan , Pan Jinren , Gao Jian , Miao Ziping 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This study investigated an outbreak in a kindergarten in Wuyi County of acute gastroenteritis concerning a large number of students and teachers. We performed a case-control study, and collected information on the layout of the school, symptoms, onset time of all cases and vomiting sites. A total of 62 individuals fit the definition of probable cases; among these, there were 19 cases of laboratory-confirmed norovirus infection. Nausea and vomiting were the most common symptoms in the outbreak. Seven student norovirus patients vomited in the school. The odds ratio (OR) of norovirus illness was 15.75 times higher among teachers who handled or interacted with student vomitus without respiratory protection than compared to those without this type of exposure (OR 15.75, 95% CI 1.75–141.40). Nine samples were successfully genotyped; eight samples were norovirus GII.2[P16], one sample was norovirus GII.4 Sydney[P16]. This study revealed that improper handling of vomitus is a risk factor of norovirus infection. Therefore, more attention should be given to train school staff in knowledge of disinfection.
Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy presenting as heart failure in a child
Authors: Truong Terence , Herron Christopher , Lawrence David , Galas James 
Published: May 2022

AbstractArrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy is an uncommon diagnosis in the paediatric population, most commonly presenting with arrhythmia. We report an 11-year-old male presenting with right heart failure due to biventricular systolic dysfunction found to have arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy with de novo Desmin and MYH7 mutations.
Phenotypic characterization of Amaro coffee (Coffea arabica L.) local accessions using multi-variate techniques at Awada, Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Alemayehu Desalegn , Garedew Weyessa , Tesfaye Abebe Abush 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAs a country of origin of coffee, Ethiopia is endowed with an immense diversity of the crop in its diverse coffee-growing agro-ecologies. Amaro Kelo is one of the major coffee production agro-ecologies in Ethiopia, where the genetic diversity of its landrace coffee germplasm was not properly characterized previously. The study aimed to characterize 64 Amaro Kelo local coffee accessions to understand the potential of the accessions for utilization in future coffee genetic improvement efforts. The experiment was laid out in an 8 × 8 simple lattice design with two replications at Awada Agricultural Research Sub-Center. Data were collected on 19 quantitative and 10 qualitative traits, and subjected to multivariate analyses, i.e. cluster and principal component analyses. The cluster analysis identified five clusters based on the quantitative characters, and the distances between most of the clusters were highly significant at P < 0.01. Principal component analysis revealed the first six principal components with Eigenvalues greater than one accounted for 77.7% of the total variation. The first two principal components with respective contributions of 23.32 and 18.85% cumulatively accounted for 42.2% of the total variation in the accessions. In addition, high values of Shannon-diversity index were found for the qualitative traits: branching habit, growth habit, fruit shape, overall appearance and stem habit. In general, the multivariate analyses confirmed the presence of high variation among the studied Amaro-Kelo coffee accessions that might serve as an important genetic resource for future coffee genetic improvement or conservation efforts.
Ceres’ Broad‐Scale Surface Geomorphology Largely Due To Asymmetric Internal Convection
Authors: King Scott D. , Bland Michael T. , Marchi Simone , Raymond Carol A. , Russell Christopher T. , Scully Jennifer E. C. , Sizemore Hanna G. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWhile we now know much about the volatile‐rich world of Ceres from the Dawn mission, the deep interior remains something of an enigma, shrouded by a crust composed of water ice, carbonates, phyllosilicates, salts and clathrate hydrates. While smaller than most active moons or planets, Ceres has many features commonly associated with active, icy bodies including: hydrothermal, cryovolcanic, and tectonic features. Yet on active icy moons tidal heating is a significant component of the thermal budget; it is unclear whether radiogenic heating alone would be sufficient to supply the heat necessary for Ceres' interior to undergo solid‐state convection. Here we show that transient asymmetric convection develops as the temperature within the body rises from heat generated by the decay of long‐lived radionuclides (e.g., U, Th, K). The onset of transient asymmetric convection may reconcile a number of puzzling features on Ceres including: the missing large craters, Hanami Planum—the region of thickened crust, the gravity and crustal thickness, and the lithospheric stress state represented by the Samhain Catenae. Hemispheric‐scale instabilities may also be important in the evolution of small bodies with small cores throughout the solar system, including the small icy moons of Saturn and Uranus as well as Kuiper belt objects.
Toluene NAPL Oxidation by Ferrous Activated Persulfate in a Fractured Rock Glass Replica
Authors: Kalogerakis Georgina C. , Liu Zhipeng , Furbacher Paul , Mondal Pulin K. , Sleep Brent E. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractNon‐aqueous phase liquids (NAPLs), such as toluene, often contaminate the subsurface. In this study, we focus on the transformation of toluene NAPL trapped in a single glass replica of a rock fracture via in situ chemical oxidation (ISCO) with ferrous activated persulfate. The trapped toluene consisted of a main trapped blob surrounded by smaller blobs. Over 53 days, successive persulfate injections into the fracture were interspersed with periods of water flushing. During persulfate injections, effluent toluene concentrations were below 0.04 mM. The rebound toluene concentrations during intervening water flushing periods decreased from 0.9 to 0.3 mM over the study. The smaller toluene blobs were removed by dissolution and partial oxidation. The main toluene blob was reduced in area by 35.5% and in volume by 37.3% due to dissolution and partial oxidation. The main blob changed in shape with reduction in size and there was also formation of an oxidation by‐product zone around the blob. The reduction in toluene effluent concentrations with time over successive persulfate injections and periods of water flushing was attributed to reductions in the NAPL‐water interfacial area of the blob and the formation of the by‐product zone surrounding the blob, which resulted in limited toluene dissolution. Analysis of by‐products of toluene oxidation by ferrous activated persulfate suggests that oligomers were part of the by‐product zone formed in the fracture. Gas bubbles were also observed in the fracture and may have formed from toluene oxidation and persulfate decomposition.
Seasonality of Four Types of Baroclinic Instability in the Global Oceans
Authors: Feng Ling , Liu Chuanyu , Köhl Armin , Wang Fan 
Published: May 2022

AbstractDistinct geographical distributions of four types of mesoscale baroclinic instabilities (BCIs) exist in the global oceans, implying preferences of surface or subsurface mesoscale eddies to specific regions. This study explores seasonal variations of global BCI types and their dependence on varying background ocean states with a focus on three representative regions. First, the regions of the Kuroshio Extension and Gulf Stream are representative for distinctive seasonal transition of BCI types: the Charney surface BCIs prevail in winter, while the Phillips BCIs prevail in summer, which is controlled by weak (strong) upper‐layer stratification in winter (summer) but is less impacted by the seasonal changes in the mean flow‐induced shear. Second, the region covering both the tropics and subtropics of the North Pacific (10°N–35°N) is representative for seasonal meridional migration of the border between the domains of the Phillips and the Charney surface BCIs; their border migrates equatorward (poleward) in spring and summer (autumn and winter), which is primarily caused by the equatorward (poleward) shift of both the North Equatorial Current and the Subtropical Countercurrent in spring and summer (autumn and winter), and is secondarily modulated by the variation in the upper‐layer stratification. Third, the Antarctic Circumpolar Current region is chosen to represent a weak seasonal variation of BCIs. Those seasonal variations in BCI types are further demonstrated as being associated with seasonal variations of baroclinic conversion rate, implying possible generation of corresponding eddies.
Association of arterial stiffness and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction in the elderly population – results from the CARLA study
Authors: Schott Artjom , Kluttig Alexander , Mikolajczyk Rafael , Greiser Karin Halina , Werdan Karl , Sedding Daniel , Nuding Sebastian 
Published: May 2022

AbstractArterial stiffness has been suspected as a cause of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction and may thereby contribute to the development of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). However, this association is derived from a small number of studies and application of outdated criteria to diagnose HFpEF. This study aimed to investigate the association of arterial stiffness measured by the augmentation index (AIx) and criteria for diagnosing HFpEF according to the recommended HFA-PEFF score. Our analysis based on data from the first follow-up of the CARdiovascular Disease, Living and Ageing in Halle study. The current analysis included participants with available information about comorbidities and risk factors for HFpEF, parameters for calculation of the HFA-PEFF and noninvasive AIx estimated by applanation tonometry. The association of AIx and HFA-PEFF was investigated through descriptive and inductive statistics. A total of 767 participants were included in the analysis. AIx was associated with E/eʼ, left ventricular wall thickness (LVWT), relative wall thickness, left ventricular mass index (LVMI) and NT-proBNP but not with eʼ or left atrial volume index. However, after adjustment for confounders, only LVMI and LVWT remained associated with AIx. Males with a high AIx had a 3.2-fold higher likelihood of HFpEF than those with a low AIx. In contrast, that association was not present in females. In summary, AIx is associated with the morphological domain of the HFA-PEFF score represented by LVMI and LVWT. Higher values of AIx are associated with a higher likelihood for HFpEF in elderly males but not in females.
Mutant IL7R collaborates with MYC to induce T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Oliveira Mariana L. , Veloso Alexandra , Garcia Elaine G. , Iyer Sowmya , Pereira Clara , Barreto Vasco M. , Langenau David M. , Barata João T. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractT-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is an aggressive pediatric cancer. Amongst the wide array of driver mutations, 10% of T-ALL patients display gain-of-function mutations in the IL-7 receptor α chain (IL-7Rα, encoded by IL7R), which occur in different molecular subtypes of this disease. However, it is still unclear whether IL-7R mutational activation is sufficient to transform T-cell precursors. Also, which genes cooperate with IL7R to drive leukemogenesis remain poorly defined. Here, we demonstrate that mutant IL7R alone is capable of inducing T-ALL with long-latency in stable transgenic zebrafish and transformation is associated with MYC transcriptional activation. Additionally, we find that mutant IL7R collaborates with Myc to induce early onset T-ALL in transgenic zebrafish, supporting a model where these pathways collaborate to drive leukemogenesis. T-ALLs co-expressing mutant IL7R and Myc activate STAT5 and AKT pathways, harbor reduced numbers of apoptotic cells and remake tumors in transplanted zebrafish faster than T-ALLs expressing Myc alone. Moreover, limiting-dilution cell transplantation experiments reveal that activated IL-7R signaling increases the overall frequency of leukemia propagating cells. Our work highlights a synergy between mutant IL7R and Myc in inducing T-ALL and demonstrates that mutant IL7R enriches for leukemia propagating potential.
High resolution multispectral spatial light modulators based on tunable Fabry-Perot nanocavities
Authors: Mansha Shampy , Moitra Parikshit , Xu Xuewu , Mass Tobias W. W. , Veetil Rasna Maruthiyodan , Liang Xinan , Li Shi-Qiang , Paniagua-Domínguez Ramón , Kuznetsov Arseniy I. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSpatial light modulators (SLMs) are the most relevant technology for dynamic wavefront manipulation. They find diverse applications ranging from novel displays to optical and quantum communications. Among commercial SLMs for phase modulation, Liquid Crystal on Silicon (LCoS) offers the smallest pixel size and, thus, the most precise phase mapping and largest field of view (FOV). Further pixel miniaturization, however, is not possible in these devices due to inter-pixel cross-talks, which follow from the high driving voltages needed to modulate the thick liquid crystal (LC) cells that are necessary for full phase control. Newly introduced metasurface-based SLMs provide means for pixel miniaturization by modulating the phase via resonance tuning. These devices, however, are intrinsically monochromatic, limiting their use in applications requiring multi-wavelength operation. Here, we introduce a novel design allowing small pixel and multi-spectral operation. Based on LC-tunable Fabry-Perot nanocavities engineered to support multiple resonances across the visible range (including red, green and blue wavelengths), our design provides continuous 2π phase modulation with high reflectance at each of the operating wavelengths. Experimentally, we realize a device with 96 pixels (~1 μm pitch) that can be individually addressed by electrical biases. Using it, we first demonstrate multi-spectral programmable beam steering with FOV~18° and absolute efficiencies exceeding 40%. Then, we reprogram the device to achieve multi-spectral lensing with tunable focal distance and efficiencies ~27%. Our design paves the way towards a new class of SLM for future applications in displays, optical computing and beyond.
CircLIFR suppresses hepatocellular carcinoma progression by sponging miR-624-5p and inactivating the GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling pathway
Authors: Yang Lei , Tan Wenliang , Wei Yingcheng , Xie Zhiqin , Li Wenxin , Ma Xiaowu , Wang Qingbin , Li Huilong , Zhang Ziyu , Shang Changzhen , Chen Yajin 
Published: May 2022

AbstractCircular RNAs have been reported to play essential roles in the tumorigenesis and progression of various cancers. However, the biological processes and mechanisms involved in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain unclear. Initial RNA-sequencing data and qRT-PCR results in our cohort showed that hsa_circ_0072309 (also called circLIFR) was markedly downregulated in HCC tissues. Kaplan–Meier analysis indicated that higher levels of circLIFR in HCC patients correlated with favorable overall survival and recurrence-free survival rates. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments indicated that circLIFR inhibited the proliferation and invasion abilities of HCC cells. We therefore conducted related experiments to explore the mechanism of circLIFR in HCC. Fluorescence in situ hybridization results revealed that circLIFR was mainly located in the cytoplasm, and RNA immunoprecipitation assays indicated that circLIFR was significantly enriched by Ago2 protein. These results suggested that circLIFR may function as a sponge of miRNAs to regulate HCC progression. We further conducted bioinformatics prediction as well as dual-luciferase reporter assays, and the results of which showed that circLIFR could sponge miR-624-5p to stabilize glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β) expression. Loss and gain of function experiments demonstrated that regulation of the expression of miR-624-5p or GSK-3β markedly affected HCC progression induced by circLIFR. Importantly, we also proved that circLIFR could facilitate the degradation of β-catenin and prevent its translocation to the nucleus in HCC cells. Overall, our study demonstrated that circLIFR acts as a tumor suppressor in HCC by regulating miR-624-5p and inactivating the GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling pathway.
piR-823 inhibits cell apoptosis via modulating mitophagy by binding to PINK1 in colorectal cancer
Authors: Wang Shuling , Jiang Xiaoyu , Xie Xiaoli , Yin Jie , Zhang Jiuna , Liu Ting , Chen Shujia , Wang Yijun , Zhou Xue , Wang Yongjuan , Cui Ruolin , Jiang Huiqing 
Published: May 2022

AbstractMitophagy plays a vital role in the maintenance of mitochondrial homeostasis and tumorigenesis. Noncoding RNA piR-823 contributes to colorectal tumorigenesis. In this study, we aim to evaluate piR-823-mediated mitophagy and its mechanistic association with colorectal cancer (CRC). Digital gene expression analysis was performed to explore the potential functions of piR-823. A piR-823 antagomir (Ant-823) was used to inhibit piR-823 expression, and piR-823 mimics (mimics-823) were used to increase piR-823 expression. Mitophagy was measured in vivo and in vitro by immunofluorescence and western blot analysis. JC-1 staining, ATP production, real-time PCR, and western blot analysis were used to measure changes in mitochondrial quality and number. siRNA transfection was used to inhibit mitophagy, and CCCP was used to induce mitophagy. RNA pull-down assays and RNA-binding protein immunoprecipitation assays were conducted to investigate the molecular mechanisms. Here, we found that CRC cells transfected with Ant-823 presented an altered expression of autophagic and mitophagy genes by Digital gene expression analysis. Ant-823 could promote Parkin activation and mitophagy in vitro and in vivo, followed by mitochondrial loss and dysfunction of some mitochondria, whereas mimics-823 exerted the opposite effects in CRC cells. The inhibition of mitophagy by siParkin alleviated Ant-823-induced mitochondrial loss and dysfunction, as well as apoptosis to a certain extent. Furthermore, piR-823 was found to interact with PINK1 and promote its ubiquitination and proteasome-dependent degradation, thus alleviating mitophagy. Finally, these findings were verifed in samples obtained by patients affected by colorectal cancer. In conclusion, we identify a novel mechanism by which piR-823 regulates mitophagy during CRC tumorigenesis by increasing PINK1 degradation.
Intelligent wireless theranostic contact lens for electrical sensing and regulation of intraocular pressure
Authors: Yang Cheng , Wu Qianni , Liu Junqing , Mo Jingshan , Li Xiangling , Yang Chengduan , Liu Ziqi , Yang Jingbo , Jiang Lelun , Chen Weirong , Chen Hui-jiuan , Wang Ji , Xie Xi 
Published: May 2022

AbstractEngineering wearable devices that can wirelessly track intraocular pressure and offer feedback-medicine administrations are highly desirable for glaucoma treatments, yet remain challenging due to issues of limited sizes, wireless operations, and wireless cross-coupling. Here, we present an integrated wireless theranostic contact lens for in situ electrical sensing of intraocular pressure and on-demand anti-glaucoma drug delivery. The wireless theranostic contact lens utilizes a highly compact structural design, which enables high-degreed integration and frequency separation on the curved and limited surface of contact lens. The wireless intraocular pressure sensing modulus could ultra-sensitively detect intraocular pressure fluctuations, due to the unique cantilever configuration design of capacitive sensing circuit. The drug delivery modulus employs an efficient wireless power transfer circuit, to trigger delivery of anti-glaucoma drug into aqueous chamber via iontophoresis. The minimally invasive, smart, wireless and theranostic features endow the wireless theranostic contact lens as a highly promising system for glaucoma treatments.
Human-ignited fires result in more extreme fire behavior and ecosystem impacts
Authors: Hantson Stijn , Andela Niels , Goulden Michael L. , Randerson James T. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractCalifornia has experienced a rapid increase in burned area over the past several decades. Although fire behavior is known to be closely tied to ecosystem impacts, most analysis of changing fire regimes has focused solely on area burned. Here we present a standardized database of wildfire behavior, including daily fire rate-of-spread and fire radiative power for large, multiday wildfires in California during 2012–2018 using remotely-sensed active fire observations. We observe that human-ignited fires start at locations with lower tree cover and during periods with more extreme fire weather. These characteristics contribute to more explosive growth in the first few days following ignition for human-caused fires as compared to lightning-caused fires. The faster fire spread, in turn, yields a larger ecosystem impact, with tree mortality more than three times higher for fast-moving fires (>1 km day−1) than for slow moving fires (<0.5 km day−1). Our analysis shows how human-caused fires can amplify ecosystem impacts and highlights the importance of limiting human-caused fires during period of extreme fire weather for meeting forest conservation targets under scenarios of future change.
Cortical Cyclin A controls spindle orientation during asymmetric cell divisions in Drosophila
Authors: Darnat Pénélope , Burg Angélique , Sallé Jérémy , Lacoste Jérôme , Louvet-Vallée Sophie , Gho Michel , Audibert Agnès 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe coordination between cell proliferation and cell polarity is crucial to orient the asymmetric cell divisions to generate cell diversity in epithelia. In many instances, the Frizzled/Dishevelled planar cell polarity pathway is involved in mitotic spindle orientation, but how this is spatially and temporally coordinated with cell cycle progression has remained elusive. Using Drosophila sensory organ precursor cells as a model system, we show that Cyclin A, the main Cyclin driving the transition to M-phase of the cell cycle, is recruited to the apical-posterior cortex in prophase by the Frizzled/Dishevelled complex. This cortically localized Cyclin A then regulates the orientation of the division by recruiting Mud, a homologue of NuMA, the well-known spindle-associated protein. The observed non-canonical subcellular localization of Cyclin A reveals this mitotic factor as a direct link between cell proliferation, cell polarity and spindle orientation.
Deep learning modeling m6A deposition reveals the importance of downstream cis-element sequences
Authors: Luo Zhiyuan , Zhang Jiacheng , Fei Jingyi , Ke Shengdong 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification is deposited to nascent transcripts on chromatin, but its site-specificity mechanism is mostly unknown. Here we model the m6A deposition to pre-mRNA by iM6A (intelligent m6A), a deep learning method, demonstrating that the site-specific m6A methylation is primarily determined by the flanking nucleotide sequences. iM6A accurately models the m6A deposition (AUROC = 0.99) and uncovers surprisingly that the cis-elements regulating the m6A deposition preferentially reside within the 50 nt downstream of the m6A sites. The m6A enhancers mostly include part of the RRACH motif and the m6A silencers generally contain CG/GT/CT motifs. Our finding is supported by both independent experimental validations and evolutionary conservation. Moreover, our work provides evidences that mutations resulting in synonymous codons can affect the m6A deposition and the TGA stop codon favors m6A deposition nearby. Our iM6A deep learning modeling enables fast paced biological discovery which would be cost-prohibitive and unpractical with traditional experimental approaches, and uncovers a key cis-regulatory mechanism for m6A site-specific deposition.