bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of next‐generation sequencing and cobas EGFR mutation test v2 in detecting EGFR mutations
Authors: Murakami Shuji , Yokose Tomoyuki , Shinada Kanako , Isaka Testuya , Katakura Kengo , Ushio Ryouta , Kondo Tetsuro , Kato Terufumi , Ito Hiroyuki , Saito Haruhiro 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundAs the number of genetic mutations that must be tested increases, the Oncomine Dx Target test (ODxTT), which can simultaneously detect multiple cancer‐related genes is becoming the main test used in preference to single‐molecule testing. In this study, we evaluated the performance of ODxTT and cobas EGFR mutation test v2 (cobas EGFR), one of the single‐molecule tests, in detecting EGFR mutations.MethodsSamples from 211 patients diagnosed with NS‐NSCLC were tested simultaneously or sequentially with the cobas EGFR mutation test and ODxTT. We compared the success and detection rates of both tests and evaluated their equivalence by determining the concordance rate and k‐coefficient of both tests.ResultsThe success rate in detecting EGFR mutations was 95.7% for ODxTT and 100% for cobas EGFR. EGFR mutations were detected in 26.5% of samples with ODxTT and in 28.0% with cobas EGFR. For the 200 samples successfully analyzed with both tests, the concordance rate and k‐coefficient were 97.5% and 0.938, respectively. ODxTT failed to detect two exon 19 deletion mutations (p.E746_P753delinsVS and p.E746_P753delinsLS), and cobas EGFR failed to detect three instances of an exon 19 deletion (p.L747_P753delinsS), L861R, and an exon 20 insertion.DiscussionThe success rate of ODxTT is slightly inferior to that of cobas EGFR. ODxTT shared a high concordance rate and k‐coefficient with cobas EGFR in detecting EGFR mutations, but discordant results between the two tests were observed in a few cases, mainly due to the difference of detectable EGFR variants.
Toward a theorizing strategy with components of terminologies, classifications, and nursing theories
Authors: Brandão Marcos Antônio Gomes , Santana Rosimere Ferreira 
Published: October 2022

PurposeThis article describes a theorizing strategy that integrates the components of classifications or terminologies with elements of grand or middle‐range theories.MethodsThe source of metatheoretical data to support the strategy was the levels of theories by Dickoff et al. (1968). Terminological data sources were professional classifications and terminologies.FindingsThe authors synthesized data and philosophical, metatheoretical, theoretical, and terminological knowledge from primary sources on the subject to construct arguments and demonstrate suitable links.ConclusionsThe proposal presented in this article of a strategy for building theories integrates theories and classifications or standardized nomenclatures. It applies levels of theorization: scrutiny of phenomena, description, conceptualization, naming, relationship, modeling, and operationalization to achieve higher levels of explanatory, predictive, and prescriptive properties on generated theory.Implications for Nursing PracticeThe implications for practice and research are connected to the theorizing strategy proposed in this article. We assume that using professional language at all levels of theorization can ensure that the concepts generated are closer to clinical practice.
Prenatal alcohol exposure exacerbates acute sensorimotor deficits and impedes long‐term behavioral recovery from the effects of an adult‐onset cerebrovascular ischemic stroke
Authors: Bake Shameena , Hurst David A. , Miranda Rajesh C. , Sohrabji Farida 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundPrenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) is a significant risk factor for developmental disability, although its health consequences across the lifespan are poorly understood. Here, we hypothesized that latent brain and systemic consequences of PAE influence resiliency to adult‐onset neurological disease, specifically, cerebrovascular ischemic stroke.MethodsPregnant Sprague–Dawley rats were exposed episodically to ethanol during the fetal neurogenic period. Adult (5 months) male and female PAE and control offspring were subjected to endothelin‐1‐induced unilateral middle cerebral artery occlusion. In the acute injury phase outcomes including stroke volume and neurological, endocrine, and gut permeability markers were assessed. Because the effects of stroke in human populations evolve over months to years, we also assessed hippocampal‐ and amygdala‐dependent memory function and social interaction preference up to 6 months following a stroke, in middle‐aged offspring.ResultsPrenatal alcohol exposure did not alter infarct volume, but significantly increased neurological deficits in both sexes, and impaired interhemispheric sensorimotor integration in PAE females. The IGF‐1/IGFBP3 ratio, a measure of bioavailable IGF‐1, was significantly reduced, while circulating levels of bacterial lipopolysaccharide, an inflammagen, were significantly increased in PAE males. In PAE females, the circulating IGF‐1/IGFBP3 ratio was significantly increased and estradiol‐17b levels were significantly reduced. The intestinal fatty acid binding protein, a surrogate marker of gut permeability was also significantly increased in PAE females. Longer‐term deficits in hippocampal‐associated memory and social interactions were observed in PAE males, while deficits in amygdala‐dependent memory were observed in PAE females.ConclusionsPAE contributes to adverse effects on brain health and decreased resiliency in response to a common adult‐onset neurovascular disease, cerebrovascular ischemic stroke.
Discrimination, Inclusion, and Anti‐System Attitudes among Muslims in Germany
Authors: Grewal Sharan , Hamid Shadi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMuslims in Europe and North America face high rates of discrimination and hostility. Less clear are the consequences of this prejudice on Muslims’ political attitudes. Leveraging a survey of 1,330 Muslims in Germany, we show that Muslims who have personally experienced discrimination exhibit higher anti‐system tendencies: more supportive of violence, more supportive of Islamism, and less supportive of democracy and secularism. We also find that these patterns are concentrated among Muslims who believe they “suffer alone,” not believing other Muslims experience similar hostility. Finally, through a priming experiment, we find causal evidence that German Chancellor Angela Merkel's inclusive rhetoric and policies toward Muslims may help mitigate these dynamics, reducing perceptions of discrimination and in turn producing pro‐system sentiments.
Accounting for Corporate Human Rights: Literature Review and Future Insights
Authors: ElKelish* Walaa Wahid 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis paper examines previous literature on accounting for corporate human rights (AHR) to identify the main research themes and development, conduct critical evaluations and open up new pathways towards future research. A structured literature review was conducted using 164 relevant published journal articles. Data were from the Scopus database over the last 22 years. The majority of research on AHR focuses on strategy/management and non‐discrimination themes, with little research in other areas such as child labour. Research in this field is at an early stage, with more focus on adoption and implementation issues. There is a need for more in‐depth and grounding analysis on the power networks among participants in broader institutional systems to provide more understanding of the underlying mechanisms. This paper discusses several suggestions such as alternative accounting and networking models to support the field, debates possible remedies to overcome drawbacks and presents options for future research. Several useful practical implications are provided for academics, corporate managers and regulators to bridge the gap between accounting and human rights practices and to enhance corporate social responsibility.
Asynchronous Functional Linear Regression Models for Longitudinal Data in Reproducing Kernel Hilbert Space
Authors: Li Ting , Zhu Huichen , Li Tengfei , Zhu Hongtu 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Motivated by the analysis of longitudinal neuroimaging studies, we study the longitudinal functional linear regression model under asynchronous data setting for modeling the association between clinical outcomes and functional (or imaging) covariates. In the asynchronous data setting, both covariates and responses may be measured at irregular and mismatched time points, posing methodological challenges to existing statistical methods. We develop a kernel weighted loss function with roughness penalty to obtain the functional estimator and derive its representer theorem. The rate of convergence, a Bahadur representation, and the asymptotic pointwise distribution of the functional estimator are obtained under the reproducing kernel Hilbert space framework. We propose a penalized likelihood ratio test to test the nullity of the functional coefficient, derive its asymptotic distribution under the null hypothesis, and investigate the separation rate under the alternative hypotheses. Simulation studies are conducted to examine the finite-sample performance of the proposed procedure. We apply the proposed methods to the analysis of multitype data obtained from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) study, which reveals significant association between 21 regional brain volume density curves and the cognitive function. Data used in preparation of this paper were obtained from the ADNI database (adni.loni.usc.edu).
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19): Focus on peripheral blood cell morphology
Authors: Zini Gina , d'Onofrio Giuseppe 
Published: October 2022

SummaryNumerous studies have shown peculiar morphological anomalies in COVID‐19 patients' smears. We searched all the peer‐reviewed scientific publications that explicitly reference the cytomorphological alterations on peripheral blood smears of patients with COVID‐19. We extracted data from sixty‐five publications (case reports, patient group studies, reviews, and erythrocyte morphology studies). The results show that frequent alterations concern the morphology of lymphocytes (large lymphocytes with weakly basophilic cytoplasm, plasmacytoid lymphocytes, large granular lymphocytes). Neutrophils display abnormal nuclei and cytoplasm in a distinctive cytomorphological picture. Besides a left shift in maturation, granulations can be increased (toxic type) or decreased with areas of basophilia. Nuclei are often hyposegmented (pseudo‐Pelger‐Huёt anomaly). Apoptotic or pycnotic cells are not uncommon. Monocytes typically have a large cytoplasm loaded with heterogeneous and coalescing vacuoles. Platelets show large and giant shapes. The presence of erythrocyte fragments and schistocytes is especially evident in the forms of COVID‐19 that are associated with thrombotic microangiopathies. Such atypia of blood cells reflects the generalized activation in severe COVID‐19, which has been demonstrated with immunophenotypic, molecular, genetic, and functional methods. Neutrophils, in particular, are involved in the pathophysiology of hyperinflammation with cytokine storm, which characterizes the most unfavorable evolution.
A systematic review on Treacher Collins syndrome: Correlation between molecular genetic findings and clinical severity
Authors: Ulhaq Zulvikar Syambani , Nurputra Dian Kesumapramudya , Soraya Gita Vita , Kurniawati Siti , Istifiani Lola Ayu , Pamungkas Syafrizal Aji , Tse William Ka Fai 
Published: October 2022

AbstractTreacher Collins syndrome (TCS, OMIM: 154500) is a rare congenital craniofacial disorder that is caused by variants in the genesTCOF1,POLR1D,POLR1C, andPOLR1B. Studies on the association between phenotypic variability and their relative variants are very limited. This systematic review summarized the 53 literatures from PubMed and Scopus to explore the potential TCS genotype–phenotype correlations with statistical analysis. Studies reporting both complete molecular genetics and clinical data were included. We identified that the molecular anomaly withinTCOF1(88.71%) accounted for most TCS cases. The only true hot spot forTCOF1was detected in exon 24, with recurrent c.4369_4373delAAGAA variant is identified. While the hot spot forPOLR1D,POLR1C, andPOLR1Bwere identified in exons 3, 8, and 15, respectively. Our result suggested that the higher severity level was likely to be observed in Asian patients harboringTCOF1variants rather thanPOLR1. Moreover, common 5‐bp deletions tended to have a higher severity degree in comparison to any variants within exon 24 ofTCOF1. In summary, this report suggested the relationship between genetic and clinical data in TCS. Our findings could be used as a reference for clinical diagnosis and further biological studies.
PriFit: Learning to Fit Primitives Improves Few Shot Point Cloud Segmentation
Authors: Sharma G. , Dash B. , RoyChowdhury A. , Gadelha M. , Loizou M. , Cao L. , Wang R. , Learned‐Miller E. G. , Maji S. , Kalogerakis E. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe present PriFit, a semi‐supervised approach for label‐efficient learning of 3D point cloud segmentation networks. PriFit combines geometric primitive fitting with point‐based representation learning. Its key idea is to learn point representations whose clustering reveals shape regions that can be approximated well by basic geometric primitives, such as cuboids and ellipsoids. The learned point representations can then be re‐used in existing network architectures for 3D point cloud segmentation, and improves their performance in the few‐shot setting. According to our experiments on the widely used ShapeNet and PartNet benchmarks, PriFit outperforms several state‐of‐the‐art methods in this setting, suggesting that decomposability into primitives is a useful prior for learning representations predictive of semantic parts. We present a number of ablative experiments varying the choice of geometric primitives and downstream tasks to demonstrate the effectiveness of the method.
Flexible Goals Require that Inflexible Perceptual Systems Produce Veridical Representations: Implications for Realism as Revealed by Evolutionary Simulations
Authors: Berke Marlene D. , Walter‐Terrill Robert , Jara‐Ettinger Julian , Scholl Brian J. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractHow veridical is perception? Rather than representing objects as they actually exist in the world, might perception instead represent objects only in terms of the utility they offer to an observer? Previous work employed evolutionary modeling to show that under certain assumptions, natural selection favors such “strict‐interface” perceptual systems. This view has fueled considerable debate, but we think that discussions so far have failed to consider the implications of two critical aspects of perception. First, while existing models have explored single utility functions, perception will often serve multiple largely independent goals. (Sometimes when looking at a stick you want to know how appropriate it would be as kindling for a campfire, and other times you want to know how appropriate it would be as a weapon for self‐defense.) Second, perception often operates in an inflexible, automatic manner—proving “impenetrable” to shifting higher‐level goals. (When your goal shifts from “burning” to “fighting,” your visual experience does not dramatically transform.) These two points have important implications for the veridicality of perception. In particular, as the need for flexible goals increases, inflexible perceptual systems must become more veridical. We support this position by providing evidence from evolutionary simulations that as the number of independent utility functions increases, the distinction between “interface” and “veridical” perceptual systems dissolves. Although natural selection evaluates perceptual systems only on their fitness, the most fit perceptual systems may nevertheless represent the world as it is.
Conservation of rare and cryptic species: Challenges of uncertainty and opportunities for progress
Authors: Martin Marie E. , Delheimer Matthew S. , Moriarty Katie M. , Early Desiree A. , Hamm Keith A. , Pauli Jonathan N. , Mcdonald Trent L. , Manley Patricia N. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractEffective conservation of at‐risk species presents a conundrum, often requiring rapid status assessments and timely actions regardless of the adequacy of best available information. Here, we present a case study on Humboldt martens (Martes caurina humboldtensis), a rare and cryptic carnivore listed as threatened in 2020 under the United States Endangered Species Act. Given their rarity, many aspects of Humboldt marten population ecology remain understudied. To help inform marten conservation, we conducted exploratory analyses to estimate population growth by incorporating empirically derived data into two demographic modeling approaches. Population growth rates from each approach exhibited substantial variability and were uninformative to evaluating population status. Our results highlight the inherent difficulties of studying cryptic animals and exemplify the issues of using sparse or uncertain data in potentially consequential circumstances. Considering the shortcomings of our findings, we provide a framework of reliable actions to improve future conservation outcomes for poorly‐understood species.
Population‐based cellular kinetic characterization of ciltacabtagene autoleucel in subjects with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma
Authors: Wu Liviawati S. , Su Yaming , Li Claire , Zhou Wangda , Jackson Carolyn C. , Sun Yu‐Nien , Zhou Honghui 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe aims of this work were to develop a population pharmacokinetic (PK) model for chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) transgene after single intravenous infusion administration of ciltacabtagene autoleucel in adult patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma. CAR transgene level in blood were measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) from 97 subjects in a phase Ib/II CARTITUDE‐1 study (NCT03548207), with a targeted cilta‐cel dose of 0.75 × 106 (range 0.5–1.0 × 106) CAR positive viable T‐cells per kg body weight. The population PK model development was primarily guided by the current mechanistic understanding of CAR‐T kinetics and the principles of building a parsimonious model. Cilta‐cel PK was adequately described by a two‐compartment model (with a fast and a slow apparent decline rate from each compartment, respectively) and a chain of four transit compartments with a lag time empirically representing the process from infused CAR‐T cell to measurable CAR transgene. No apparent relationship was observed between cilta‐cel dose (i.e., the actual number of CAR positive viable T‐cells infused), given the narrow dose range, and the observed transgene level. Based on covariate search and subgroup analysis of maximum systemic CAR transgene level (Cmax) and area under curve from the first dose to day 28 (AUC0–28d), none of the investigated subjects' demographics, baseline characteristics, and manufactured product characteristics had significant effects on cilta‐cel PK. The developed model is deemed robust and adequate for enabling subsequent exposure‐safety and exposure‐efficacy analyses.
The question of collaboration between secular feminists and pious feminists in Turkey
Authors: Dokumacı Pınar 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis paper examines two seemingly opposing trends in the women's rights movement in Turkey: the first trend indicates growing numbers of feminist collaborations and alliances while the second highlights heightened levels of identity‐ridden dissent and polarization. By focusing on the relationship between self‐identified “pious feminists” and “secular feminists” in Turkey this paper argues that, rather than opposing ends of a continuum, these two trends are in a relational flow. Based on a rich ethnographic study and discourse analysis, I analyze secular feminist and pious feminist perceptions of a possible long‐term collaboration between the two groups as equal partners and by mutual consent. I delineate the relational and affective dimensions of collaborations that may initiate as well as hinder new solidarities based on difference. I argue that the shared civil society encounters between secular and pious women's rights groups in Turkey present opportunities for “feminist iterations” that are contingent, performative, and opaque which require what Lugones calls “complex communication” in addition to the deliberative dialogue.
Effect of sacubitril/valsartan on cognitive impairment in colchicine‐induced Alzheimer's model in rats
Authors: Hammadi Sami H. , Hassan Madiha A. , Allam Eman A. , Elsharkawy Amal M. , Shams Sherouk S. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAlzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex neurodegenerative disease. There is epidemiological evidence that heart failure (HF) patients are at higher risk of developing AD, and the impact of sacubitril/valsartan, the first angiotensin receptor‐neprilysin inhibitor (ARNI) approved for HF, on cognitive functions is still controversial. To investigate the effect of sacubitril/valsartan on cognitive functions in colchicine‐induced AD rat model. Forty adult male Wistar rats were equally allocated into four groups (each of 10 rats): Group I: normal control, Group II: intracerebroventricular injection of colchicine (15 μg/5 μl/bilaterally), Group III: colchicine (15 μg/5 μl/bilaterally, icv) + oral sacubitril/valsartan (100 mg/kg/day) for 25 days, and Group IV: colchicine (15 μg/5 μl/bilaterally, icv) + oral valsartan (50 mg/kg/day) for 25 days. Behavioral assessment was done using Morris water maze and passive avoidance tasks. Biochemically, β‐amyloid (1–40 and 1–42) peptides, oxidative stress (malondialdehyde and superoxide dismutase) and inflammatory (tumor necrosis factor‐alpha) parameters were measured in hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. Sacubitril/valsartan exaggerated colchicine‐induced cognitive impairment in both Morris water maze and passive avoidance tasks and was associated with significant increase in β‐amyloid accumulation, oxidative stress, and inflammation versus valsartan. Sacubitril/valsartan caused deleterious effect on cognitive impairment and biochemical alterations in colchicine‐induced AD rat model. Hence, special caution should be taken following long‐term intake of ARNI on cognitive functions.