bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New bioactive compounds characterized by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry in hydro‐methanol and petroleum ether extracts of Prosopis farcta (Banks & Sol.) J. F. Macbr weed
Authors: Gholamalipour Alamdari Ebrahim , Taleghani Akram 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to identify and characterize the chemical composition present in aerial parts of Prosopis farcta in petroleum ether and hydro‐methanol extracts through LC‐PDA‐ESI‐MS/MS and GC‐MS techniques respectively for the first time. The plant samples were collected from northeast of Iran during maturity stage. LC–MS/MS profile revealed 47 phenolic compounds in hydro‐methanol extracts, including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and their glycoside derivatives. Flavonoid‐O‐glycosides (19), flavonoid aglycones (11), phenolic acid derivatives (9), flavonoid‐C‐glycosides (4), and flavonoid‐O, C‐glycosides (1) were dominant class phenolics in all studied parts. The extracts contained a significant amount of major compounds, including gallic and vanillic acids, luteolin, apigenin, phloridzin, and vicenin‐2. Also, GC–MS analysis of petroleum ether extracts showed that fatty acids, organic acids, steroids, terpenoids, and hydrocarbons were the group of major compounds in all parts. Twenty‐four, 27, and 25 components were identified, which represent 99.2%, 96.1%, and 99.4% of the total composition in fruits, leaves, and stems, respectively. These results suggested that other genetic resources of P. farcta can be further explored to screen genotypes with high bioactive compounds and purification of phytochemical compounds, which are valuable to produce, expand, and develop natural antioxidants in production of bio‐medicine and food.
Risk assessment for comprehensive meteorological disaster of winter wheat based on multisource gridded data: A case study in the upper Huaihe River basin, China
Authors: Zhao Mingjie , Shi Xiaofang , Sun Xiaolin , Jin Ke , Duan Zheng , Gao Chao 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCrop production security is an essential guarantee for the prosperity of country and the well‐being of people. In the context of frequent occurrence of extreme weather events, how to comprehensively evaluate the risk of multiple hazards and quantitatively describe spatial differences will be one of the significant topics in agricultural disaster mitigation. In this study, based on the gridded meteorological data and other datasets (crop, socioeconomic, disaster loss, and actual planting location) from 2000 to 2020, multihazard risk model for different growth period was built to assess the comprehensive risk of winter wheat in the upper Huaihe River basin (UHRB), China. The conclusions were as follows: (a) The spatial distribution of continuous rain risk increased gradually from north to south; the area of the highest lodging risk was located in the east; the spatial trend of drought risk was the highest in the south and the lowest in the northeast. (b) The weights of continuous rain, lodging, and drought disasters were 41, 31, and 28%, respectively, which indicated that winter wheat in UHRB was most affected by continuous rain during the harvest period. (c) The spatial distribution of comprehensive disaster risk assessment showed that the higher risk areas were located in the central and southern parts (Huaibin, Linquan, Luoshan). After verification by historical disasters information, the results are credible, providing a concrete scientific basis for implementing regional agricultural disaster response measures.
Customized sea‐surface temperature indicators linking to streamflow at different timescales
Authors: Ganapathy Abinesh , Agarwal Ankit 
Published: September 2022

AbstractInvestigation of SST–streamflow connectivity unravels the large‐scale climate influences that may have a potential role in modulating local hydrological components. Most studies exploring this relationship only focus on a single timescale; however, various atmospheric and oceanic phenomena occur at different temporal scales, which must be considered. This study examines the association of sea surface temperature (SST) and streamflow in Germany, divided into three regions, viz. Alpine, Atlantic and Continental, at timescales ranging from seasonal to interannual by integrating wavelet transform and complex network techniques. Wavelet transform is used to decompose the time series into multiple frequency signals. The network theory identifies the spatial connections for the 99 percentile correlation coefficient value based on these decomposed signals. The degree centrality metric is used to evaluate the characteristics of the spatially embedded networks. Our results re‐establish known SST regions that have a potential connection with the various streamflow regions of Germany. Spatial patterns that resemble the North Atlantic SST tripole‐like pattern is predominant for Alpine streamflow regions at finer timescale. Equatorial Atlantic Mode regions observed for Atlantic streamflow at interannual timescale and Vb weather system connected regions in the Mediterranean Sea have appeared for all the streamflow regions of Germany. Besides, continental streamflow regions exhibited combined characteristics of the Alpine and Atlantic streamflow spatial patterns. In addition to the above regions, we also identify the scale‐specific patterns in the Pacific, Indian and Southern Ocean regions at different timescales.
Factors influencing small and medium enterprises’ innovativeness: Evidence from manufacturing companies in Harare, Zimbabwe
Authors: Makanyeza Charles , Mabenge Blessing Kudzai , Ngorora‐Madzimure Grace Portia Kuda 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe study investigated factors influencing innovativeness in small and medium enterprises (SMEs). Using empirical data from 330 SMEs, structural equation modelling was employed to test the factors that influence innovativeness at the level of the firm, namely the firm's resources, government support and institutional policies, networks and collaborations, the organization's innovative culture, local knowledge diffusion, and facilitating conditions. Results show that the firm's resources, government support and institutional policies, and networks and collaborations each positively influences innovativeness at the level of the firm. On the contrary, the organization's innovative culture, local knowledge diffusion and facilitating conditions were found to have insignificant effects on innovativeness. It is recommended that, to increase innovativeness, SMEs should invest in building up their resources in terms of both tangible and intangible resources. They can also lobby the government for support and to institute policies that promote innovativeness. Furthermore, SMEs are advised to build networks and collaborations with other institutions such as colleges, universities, research institutions and well‐established and innovative firms. SMEs in developing and emerging markets can benefit from these findings.
Gut microbiota and growth performance of offspring are influenced by wet nurse in pigs using cross‐fostering trial
Authors: Mao Jiangdi , Zhang Yu , Liu Jianxin , Wang Haifeng 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDNursing mom can regulate the gut microbiome succession in offspring. However, it remains unclear whether these effects are long‐term and what effect it has on the growth performance of piglets. This study aimed to develop a cross‐fostering model of piglets and investigate the effect of maternal environment on gut microbiota, even the growth performance of the offspring, and if this effect could be maintained in the long term.RESULTSFour groups of piglets were generated as follows (n = 12): Duroc piglets nursed by their birth mom (Dd) or Yorkshire sows (Yd), Yorkshire piglets nursed by Duroc sows (Dy) or their birth mom (Yy). The study found that cross‐fostering improved the growth performance of piglets for a long time. The gut microbiota of piglets was mainly determined by the breeds of nursing moms before weaning, and it was more and more influenced by their breeds after weaning, but the influence of birth mom breeds still existed. The linear discriminant analysis (LDA) effect size (LEfSe) analysis and Spearman correlation analysis showed that Sutterella, Butyricimonas and Alistipes, which were affected by nursing mom before weaning, had a strong positive correlation with the growth performance of piglets before weaning. Candidatus_Soleaferrea and Treponema, which were affected by both nursing mom and piglet breed after weaning, were significantly negatively correlated with the growth performance of piglets long after weaning.CONCLUSIONOur results revealed that both the breeds of piglets and their birth moms influence the gut microbiota of piglets for a long time, even after weaning. Additionally, this effect might be related to the growth performance of piglets. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
In silico tools to assess the potential allergenicity of shiitake mushrooms (Lentinula edodes)
Authors: Vashisht Srishti , Singh Naresh , Sharma Akansha , Saini Neeru , Gaur Shailendra Nath , Arora Naveen 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDComputational tools may have an edge over conventional methods for the preliminary evaluation of food allergenicity. In this study, the allergenic potential of Lentinula edodes was evaluated and validated using in silico tools.RESULTSThe potential cross‐reactivity of mushroom proteins with fungal allergens was determined using sequence alignment – the Fast Alignment (FASTA) and Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) algorithm. Eight L. edodes proteins were cross‐reactive with allergens from fungal origin, showing 52%–89% sequence identity using FASTA algorithm‐based alignment. The BLAST data were corroborated by percentage identity and query coverage. Physico‐chemical property‐based allergenicity was deciphered by AlgPred, Allermatch, and AllergenFP software, which predicted six out of eight proteins as potential allergens. Sequence alignment showed 66%–86% conservancy between mushroom protein and known fungal allergens. Secondary structure and amino acid composition supported structural affinity between query and fungal proteins. Three‐dimensional structures of five mushroom proteins were generated, quality assessed, and superimposed with fungal allergens, suggesting possible allergenicity of mushroom proteins. An enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) demonstrated immunoglobulin E (IgE) binding in 13 out of 21 food‐hypersensitive patients' sera.CONCLUSIONIn silico tools provide preliminary indications about the potential allergenicity and cross‐reactivity of mushroom proteins. This approach may be used for the prelusive allergenicity assessment of allergen sources. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Absorption of iron from Tegillarca granosa using an in vitro simulated digestion and Caco‐2/HepG2 co‐culture system
Authors: Sun Bolun , Zhang Panxue , Zhang Jinjie , Huang Tao , Li Chao , Yang Wenge 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundIron‐deficiency anemia is one severe micronutrient malnutrition and has captured worldwide attention. This study evaluated the in vitro iron absorption of two iron‐binding proteins (hemoglobin and ferritin) from Tegillarca granosa. In addition, the protein structure–iron absorption relationship and the regulatory effect of hepcidin on cellular iron absorption were explored.ResultsOur findings revealed that both hemoglobin and ferritin extracted from T. granosa contained abundant iron‐binding sites, as evidenced by stronger peaks in amide I and II regions compared with the two proteins from humans. Less β‐sheet (27.67%) structures were found in hemoglobin compared with ferritin (36.40%), probably contributing to its greater digestibility and more release of available iron. This was confirmed by the results of Caco‐2/HepG2 cell culture system that showed iron absorption of hemoglobin was 26.10–39.31% higher than that of ferritin with an iron content of 50–150 μmol L−1. This high iron absorption of hemoglobin (117.86–174.10 ng mg−1) could also be due to more hepcidin produced by HepG2 cells, thereby preventing ferroportin‐mediated iron efflux from Caco‐2 cells. In addition, the possible risk of oxidative stress was evaluated in cells post‐iron exposure. In comparison with ferrous sulfate, a common iron supplement, Caco‐2 cells treated with the iron‐binding proteins had a 9.50–25.73% lower level of intracellular reactive oxygen species, indicating the safety of hemoglobin and ferritin.ConclusionCollectively, the data of this research would be helpful for understanding the key features and potential of developing hemoglobin and ferritin from T. granosa as novel iron supplements. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Independent Roles of Molecular Mobility and Zeta Potential on Supramolecular Surfaces in the Sequence of RAW264.7 Macrophage Responses
Authors: Tanaka‐Takemura Yuka , Arisaka Yoshinori , Hakariya Masahiro , Masuda Hiroki , Mikami Ryo , Sekiya‐Aoyama Ruriko , Iwata Takanori , Yoda Tetsuya , Ono Takashi , Yui Nobuhiko 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSurface properties of biomaterials affect the morphologies and inflammatory responses of macrophages. Recently, biomaterial design utilizing these properties has been explored to build a scaffold for balancing the immune system in vivo. In the present study, polyrotaxane surfaces with different functional groups including methyl, amino, and sulfo groups are utilized to clarify the effect of molecular mobility and zeta potential of these surfaces on RAW264.7 macrophage responses. At 24 h post‐seeding, the majority of the cells adhere onto each surface, and the initial spreading is suppressed by more negatively‐charged polyrotaxane surfaces. From 24 to 48 h of incubation, the spreading areas on the unmodified and methylated surfaces significantly increase, whereas those on the aminated and sulfonated surfaces remain unchanged. These results suggest that the initially cellular spreading process depends on the zeta potential, while the subsequent spreading process is governed by the molecular mobility. After lipopolysaccharide stimulation, the less mobile surfaces induce higher expression of inflammation‐related genes than highly mobile surfaces, suggesting that molecular mobility is the main factor modulating the inflammatory activity in macrophages. These findings indicate that the zeta potential and molecular mobility of polyrotaxane surfaces may play independent roles in the sequence of macrophage responses.
Calcium Silicate Whiskers‐Enforced Poly(Ether‐Ether‐Ketone) Composites with Improved Mechanical Properties and Biological Activities for Bearing Bone Reconstruction
Authors: Wang Jin , Lei Jie , Hu Yanru , Meng Lihui , Li Wenchao , Zhu Fang , Xie Bing , Wang Youfa , Yang Cao , Wu Qingzhi 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPoly (ether‐ether‐ketone) (PEEK) displays promising potential application in bone tissue repair and orthopedic surgery due to its good biocompatibility and chemical stability. However, the bio‐inertness and poor mechanical strength of PEEK greatly limit its application in load‐bearing bones. In this study, calcium silicate whiskers (CSws) are synthesized and then compounded with PEEK to fabricate the PEEK/CSw composites with excellent mechanical properties, biological activity. Compared with PEEK, the PEEK/CSw composites exhibited higher hydrophilicity and ability to deposit hydroxyapatite on the surface. CSws are evenly dispersed in the PEEK matrix at 10 wt% content and the mechanical strength of the PEEK/CSw composite is ≈96.9 ± 2.4 MPa, 136.3 ± 2.4 MPa, and 266.0 ± 3.2 MPa, corresponding to tensile strength, compressive strength, and bending strength, respectively, which is 20%, 18%, and 52% higher than that of pure PEEK. The composites improve the adhesion, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. Furthermore, PEEK/CSw composite remarkably improves bone formation and osteointegration, which has higher bone repair capacity than PEEK. These results demonstrate that the PEEK/CSw scaffolds display superior abilities to integrate with the host bone and promising potential in the field of load bearing bone repair.
Thermo‐Tautochromic Polymer Architectures from Tertiary Methyl Red Amides
Authors: Jaik Thorben G. , Jonas Ulrich 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe ammonium‐azonium tautomerism of protonated push–pull‐ or dialkylaminoazobenzenes has been subject of research for single molecular dyes but not for the interesting architectures of polymers or gels. To address this gap in knowledge, two different types of polymer systems are devised. First, a 2‐oxazoline of o‐methyl red is developed for cationic ring‐opening copolymerization with 2‐methyl‐2‐oxazoline. Second, a piperazine acrylamide of o‐methyl red is synthesized for free radical copolymerization with N‐hydroxyethyl acrylamide and a benzophenone acrylamide. The resulting copolymer can be photocrosslinked and swollen in water to form a hydrogel. Investigation of the optical properties of these systems in response to temperature variation reveals unusual phenomena related to the stability and dynamics of the ammonium‐azonium tautomerism in aqueous media. Reversible and irreversible thermochromic phenomena are found for completely protonated, partially protonated, and neutral states of the systems. Reversible thermochromism is linked to an ammonium‐azonium tautomerism, while irreversible thermochromism is a consequence of hydrolysis at unusually low temperatures, apparently catalyzed by intramolecular hydrogen bonding motifs between the tertiary amide in ortho‐position to the protonated azo bridge. Hydrolysis is strongly affected by the particular molecular structure of the copolymer. In the hydrogel, hydrolysis rates decrease by a reduced degree of conformational freedom.
Study of Nanoparticle–Polymer Interactions via the Mechanical Stretching of Surface‐Enhanced Raman Scattering Substrates
Authors: Xin Wenwen , Huang Jie , Chen Qiuxian , Sun Yiwei , Chen Hongyu , Liu Xueyang 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIt is shown that the aligned electrospun fibers are a convenient platform for studying the mechanical effects on nanomaterials, particularly when using surface‐enhanced Raman scattering as a sensitive tool of monitoring. The ligands on the surface of the embedded Au nanoparticles fall off easily with the shear force from the stretching, in contrast to the counterparts protected by polymer/silica shells. Upon stretching, the chains of Au nanoparticles will reversibly break, as revealed by the dramatic changes in the longitudinal plasmon absorption. It is believed that such a platform will open a window for understanding mechanical effects at the nanoscale, and also a new means for synthetic control.
Synthesis and characterization of novel conformers of (E)‐2‐(3‐nitro‐H‐imidazo[1,2‐a]pyridin‐2‐ylthio)‐N′‐benzylideneacetohydrazide derivatives
Authors: Ablo Evrard , Coulibaly Souleymane , Coulibali Siomenan , Signo Kouassi , Achi Patrick‐Armand , Giraud Nicolas , Bertho Gildas 
Published: September 2022

AbstractEighteen new N‐acylhydrazones (9a–r) containing the imidazo[1,2‐a]pyridine scaffold were synthesized through a seven steps reaction sequence, ending with a condensation of 2‐(3‐nitro‐H‐imidazo[1,2‐a]pyridin‐2‐ylthio)acetohydrazide with various benzaldehyde derivatives (8a–r). All synthesized compounds were characterized by 1D NMR (1H and 13C NMR) and 2D NMR (NOESY) spectroscopic analyses and high‐resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). The analysis of 1H NMR data performed at room temperature in deuterated dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO‐d6) revealed the presence of (E)‐2‐(3‐nitro‐H‐imidazo[1,2‐a]pyridin‐2‐ylthio)‐N′‐benzylideneacetohydrazide (9a–r) as a mixture of two conformers, namely, syn‐periplanar E (sp E) and anti‐periplanar E (ap E). For all N‐acylhydrazones that were synthesized, the sp E conformer was found to be the major form except in the case of hydrazone derived from o‐hydroxybenzaldehyde.
Midterm postoperative results of mid‐urethral slings. Role of ultrasound in explaining surgical failures
Authors: Escura Sílvia , Ros Cristina , Anglès‐Acedo Sònia , Bataller Eduardo , Sánchez Emília , Carmona Francisco , Espuña‐Pons Montserrat 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIntroductionSurgical treatment for stress urinary incontinence (SUI) with mid‐urethral sling (MUS) is considered to have a high success rate. However, between 5% and 20% of MUS fail, with inadequate surgical implantation being a possible cause of SUI persistence or recurrence. Misplacement of a MUS can be determined by pelvic floor ultrasound (PF‐US). The aim of this study was to investigate the role of PF‐US in patients with persistent or recurrent urinary incontinence (UI) symptoms after MUS surgery for SUI with a midterm follow‐up.Materials and MethodsA historical cohort study including women undergoing MUS surgery for SUI between 2013 and 2015 was designed. The primary outcome was to correlate the sonographic parameters of MUS with SUI cure (negative International Continence Society‐Uniform Cough Stress Test, Incontinence Questionnaire‐Short Form < 5 points and no symptoms of SUI), at 5 years postsurgery. Secondary outcomes were changes of maximum urethral closure pressure (MUCP) and symptoms of urgency urinary incontinence (UUI) at 1 and 5 years after surgery.ResultsEighty‐seven patients (80 transobturator‐MUS, 7 retropubic‐MUS) were included. At 5 years all patients referred improvement of UI and objective cure of SUI was demonstrated in 81.2%. The MUS was sonographically correct in 67 (98.5%) of the 68 patients with cure of SUI. The MUS was considered incorrectly placed in only 4 (28.6%) of the 14 patients with noncured SUI. MUCP decreased from 61.9 to 48.8 cmH2O at 5 years of follow‐up (p < 0.01) and up to 53% of women had UUI symptoms after surgery, with a nonsignificant decrease compared to baseline.ConclusionPatients cured of SUI had sonographically correct MUS by PF‐US. Less than one‐third of cases of SUI persistence or recurrence after MUS surgery could be explained by a sonographically incorrect sling. Low urethral resistance and/or UUI symptoms could help to explain the remaining failures. Complete functional and anatomic studies, including urodynamics and PF‐US, should be performed before deciding on the next management strategy in patients with SUI persistence or recurrence after MUS.
Fast, interleaved, Look‐Locker–based T1 mapping with a variable averaging approach: Towards temperature mapping at low magnetic field
Authors: Fiorito Marco , Yushchenko Maksym , Cicolari Davide , Sarracanie Mathieu , Salameh Najat 
Published: September 2022

Proton resonance frequency shift (PRFS) is currently the gold standard method for magnetic resonance thermometry. However, the linearity between the temperature‐dependent phase accumulation and the static magnetic field B0 confines its use to rather high‐field scanners. Applications such as thermal therapies could naturally benefit from lower field MRI settings through leveraging increased accessibility, a lower physical and economical footprint, and further consideration of the technical challenges associated with the integration of heating systems into conventional clinical scanners.
‐based thermometry has been proposed as an alternative to the gold standard; however, because of longer acquisition times, it has found clinical use solely with adipose tissue where PRFS fails. At low field, the enhanced
dispersion, combined with reduced relaxation times, make
mapping an appealing candidate. Here, an interleaved Look‐Locker–based
mapping sequence was proposed for temperature quantification at 0.1 T. A variable averaging scheme was introduced, to maximize the signal‐to‐noise ratio throughout
recovery. In calibrated samples, an average
accuracy of 85% ± 4% was achieved in 10 min, compared with the 77% ± 7% obtained using a standard averaging scheme. Temperature maps between 29.0 and 41.7°C were eventually reconstructed, with a precision of 3.0 ± 1.1°C and an accuracy of 1.5 ± 1.0°C. Accounting for longer thermal treatments and less strict temperature constraints, applications such as MR‐guided mild hyperthermia treatments at low field could be envisioned.