bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Entrepreneurial intention of matric commerce students: An empirical study
Authors: Phetha Mondli H. , Amoo Akinlawon , Adam Jamila K. 
Published: September 2022

Background: In the first quarter of 2021, the official unemployment rate in South Africa was 32.6%. Among young persons between the ages of 15 and 34, the figure was 46.3%. One in two young people in the labour market are unemployed, Entrepreneurship is widely recognised as an effective mechanism to address the tripartite challenges of unemployment, inequality, and poverty.Aim: The study’s aim was to look into the factors that influence matric commerce students’ entrepreneurial intentions in rural KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.Setting: A survey was conducted among commerce students in 11 districts of KwaZulu-Natal.Methods: The study was based on a sample of 433 commerce students from the matric commerce students, South Africa. Data were gathered through a self-administered questionnaire using a five-point Likert scale. Descriptive statistics, confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modelling were performed on the data.Results: The results of the study show that attitude towards entrepreneurship, entrepreneurial self-efficacy and entrepreneurial education are key drivers of entrepreneurial intention. The study found no evidence of innovativeness as a driver of entrepreneurial intention.Conclusion: The study recommends that the department of basic education should develop strategies that will help innovative and creative students to embrace entrepreneurship. This is because entrepreneurs typically operate in perfect market conditions, with homogeneous products and freedom of entry and exit, so innovativeness is critical.
Temporal trends in ultrasound utilisation in the radiology department of a tertiary hospital
Authors: Siyeka Nwabisa , Da Silva Michelle , Pitcher Richard D. 
Published: September 2022

Background: Little is known about the combined impact of increasing ultrasound usage by clinical disciplines outside radiology and technical advances in other specialised radiological modalities on the role of ultrasound in tertiary-level radiology departments.Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate temporal trends in ultrasound utilisation in a tertiary-level radiology department.Method: An institutional review board-approved retrospective descriptive study in the radiology department of Tygerberg Hospital (TBH). The nature and number of ultrasound performed in 2013 and 2019 were retrieved from the TBH radiology information system (RIS). These were compared, expressed as a proportion of the overall annual radiology workload and stratified by location (ultrasound suite, interventional suite, mammography suite). Ultrasound suite examinations were analysed by body part and age (0–13 years; 13 years) and interventional suite workload by procedure.Results: The overall radiology workload decreased by 8%, reflecting the interplay between decreased plain radiography (–19%) and general fluoroscopy (–0.3%) and increased computed tomography (27%), magnetic resonance (23%) and fluoroscopically guided procedures (22%).There was a 12% increase in ultrasound utilisation. Ultrasound remained the second most common specialised imaging investigation throughout, after computed tomography. Ultrasound suite services were stable (–1%) representing a balance between decreased abdominal (–22%) and arterial (–16%) scans, and increased musculoskeletal (67%), small part (65%) and neonatal brain scans (41%). There were substantial increases in interventional (90%) and mammography suite (199%) services.Conclusion: Ultrasound remains a key modality in the tertiary-level radiology department, with an evolving pattern of clinical applications.
Comparison of the Efficacy of Intraperitoneal Instillation of Butorphanol Versus Nalbuphine as Adjuvants to Ropivacaine for Postoperative Pain Relief in Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy Under General Anesthesia
Authors: Mahajan Lakshmi , Singh Arvinder Pal , Kaur Suzen Sumeet , Kumari Anita 
Published: September 2022

Background and Aims:
Postoperative pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy is very common complication hindering the early return of routine activity. Since agonist opioids are not easily available, the most common drug used for intraoperative analgesia is intravenous butorphanol in our institute. The purpose of our study is to compare the analgesic effect of intraperitoneal butorphanol and nalbuphine as additives with ropivacaine in laparoscopic cholecystectomy for postoperative pain.

Setting and Design:
Randomized, double-blind prospective study undertaken after approval from the Institutional Ethics Committee.

Materials and Methods:
In this study, 90 patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy were randomly divided into three groups: group A received intraperitoneal ropivacaine 0.2% of 20 mL with butorphanol 2 mg; Group B received intraperitoneal ropivacaine 0.2% 20 mL with nalbuphine 10 mg; and Group C received intraperitoneal ropivacaine 0.2% 20 mL with 0.9% normal saline. The primary outcome was to compare the analgesic efficacy of butorphanol with nalbuphine and the duration of postoperative pain relief. The secondary outcomes included the comparison of hemodynamic parameters, frequency of rescue analgesia, and complications among the three groups.

Statistical Analysis:
The data analysis was carried out with ANOVA and Chi-square test using the SPSS software version 26.0.

Results:
The mean of the Numeric Rating Scale pain score was insignificant in Group A versus B at all-time intervals indicating similar efficacy of butorphanol and nalbuphine in terms of pain relief postoperatively. However, the time to first rescue analgesia was significantly higher in Group A (5.70 ± 3.57 h), followed by Group B (3.95 ± 2.06 h) and Group C (2.50 ± 1.24 h).

Conclusion:
Butorphanol is better analgesic than nalbuphine as postoperative pain-free period was relatively more with lesser complications.
Comparison of Phenylephrine and Norepinephrine for Prevention of Hypotension in Patients Undergoing Cesarean Section Under Spinal Anesthesia – A Randomized Prospective Study
Authors: Renu Wakhloo , Heena Bhagat , Megha Gandotra , Era Suri 
Published: September 2022

Background:
Hypotension is a common side effect of spinal anesthesia for cesarean section with incidence of upto 71%. Various vasopressors are available for counteracting spinal hypotension each with different pharmacological profile. Norepinephrine is currently one of the feasible options for prophylaxis of spinal induced hypotension in patients undergoing cesarean section.

Aims:
To compare efficacy of phenylephrine and norepinephrine for reducing incidence of hypotension in patients undergoing cesarean section under spinal anesthesia and their effect on neonatal outcome. The primary outcome compared was incidence of hypotension (defined as fall in systolic blood pressure of >20% from the baseline value or a value <90 mmHg). The secondary outcomes noted were incidence of bradycardia, nausea, vomiting in the mother, and neonatal outcome.

Methodology:
A total of 80 singleton full term pregnant patients of American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) grade II scheduled for elective cesarean section were randomly assigned to 2 groups of 40 patients each. Group P received phenylephrine 50 mcg and Group N received norepinephrine 10 mcg as intravenous bolus over 1 min immediately after the patient had been made supine after giving spinal anesthesia. The vital parameters, adverse effects, and neonatal outcome were assessed and analyzed statistically.

Results:
Intraoperatively, norepinephrine group had a significantly higher mean heart rate than phenylephrine group. Neonatal outcome was similar in both the groups with respect to appearance, pulse, grimace, activity, and respiration (Apgar) scores and umbilical arterial pH.

Conclusions:
In cesarean section under spinal anesthesia, norepinephrine efficacy in rescuing maternal hypotension is similar to that of phenylephrine without obvious maternal or neonatal adverse outcomes and with a lower incidence of bradycardia.
Inadvertent Intravenous Injection of Carboprost in a COVID-19-Positive Patient
Authors: Nazir Nazia , Chopra Deepti 
Published: September 2022

We present a case report of an inadvertent administration of intravenous carboprost in a COVID-19-positive parturient who was taken up for an emergency caesarean section for meconi um-stained liquor. Unintentionally, the patient was administered intravenous carboprost instead of ondansetron. The patient developed breathlessness, uneasiness and hypertension. Despite the mishap, the patient fully recovered and was discharged after 15 days. Although the medical error in the present case was non-harmful, the treating doctor discussed the case with the patient.

Conclusion:
A case with inadvertent intravenous administration of carboprost in a COVID-19-positive parturient is reported with a good outcome.
Arms race in the 21st century: consequences and mitigating measures
Authors: Abdulmajid M. Na’inna,  , Vladmir Anti-Dwanso,  
Published: September 2022

Historically, arms races generate a great deal of interest both in the academia and policy circles for a variety of reasons. They are widely believed to have significant consequences for states' security. In the debate over their consequences, one side holds that arms races increase the probability of war by undermining military stability and straining political relations. The opposing view holds that engaging in an arms race is often a state's best option for avoiding war when faced with an aggressive adversary. The 21st Century is witnessing the return of arms race amongst states. Coupling with the advancements in technology, the menace of arms race in the 21st Century, therefore, if not curtailed could lead to war more devastating than witnessed in the last century. Using basic content analysis the study revealed that the 21st Century arms races are mainly in the area of nuclear weapons, hypersonic missiles, missile defence, cyber-warfare, and space weaponisation. The arms races are prominently amongst the world’s great powers such as the United States of America, Russia, and China as well as developing states like Iran and North Korea. This study discovered that nuclear weapons are still at the forefront of arms race in the 21st Century, despite efforts to reduce their role in global affairs and to negotiate further reductions in quantity. Also, states like the USA, China, and Russia are exploiting the advantage of speed and manoeuvrability to engage in arms race in hypersonic missiles. This has prompted nations to compete in the development of missile defences in order to counter the present missile threats. Furthermore, in anticipation for future warfare, nations such as the USA, China, and Russia are in arms race to weaponsise space by deploying space to space, earth to space and space to earth weapons, where appropriate. War in the 21st Century could in turn lead to more human, material, and environmental casualties due to the latest advancement in technologies and modernisation of existing weapons and associated equipments. Consequently, measures are needed to ensure that arms races in the 21st Century, if not eliminated, are reduced to the barest minimum in order to promote international peace and security. Renewed commitments on existing arms control measures, formulation of new arms control measures, and the complete elimination of nuclear weapons are the measures that could be considered.
Spectral problem for the Laplacian and a selfadjoint nonlinear elliptic boundary value problem
Authors: Gezahegn Natnael , Abdi Tadesse 
Published: September 2022

In this paper, we present some connections between the spectral problem,
−Δu(x) = λ1u(x) in Ω,u(x) = 0 on ∂Ω
and selfadjoint boundary value problem,
Δu(x) − λ1u(x) + g(x, u(x)) = h(x) in Ω,u(x) = 0 on ∂Ω,
where λ1 is the smallest eigenvalue of −∆, Ω ⊆ Rn is a bounded domain, h ∈ L2(Ω) and the nonlinear function g is a Caratheodory function satisfying a growth condition. We initially investigate the existence of solutions for the spectral problem by considering the selfadjoint boundary value problem. The selfadjoint boundary value problem is then considered for both existence and estimation results. We use degree argument in order to show that the selfadjoint boundary value problem has a solution instead of the Landesman-Lazer condition or the monotonocity assumption on the second argument of the function g.
In this paper, we present some connections between the spectral problem,
and selfadjoint boundary value problem,
where λ1 is the smallest eigenvalue of −∆, Ω ⊆ Rn is a bounded domain, h ∈ L2(Ω) and the nonlinear function g is a Caratheodory function satisfying a growth condition. We initially investigate the existence of solutions for the spectral problem by considering the selfadjoint boundary value problem. The selfadjoint boundary value problem is then considered for both existence and estimation results. We use degree argument in order to show that the selfadjoint boundary value problem has a solution instead of the Landesman-Lazer condition or the monotonocity assumption on the second argument of the function g.
A study of Proximal Humerus Fractures treated by Locking Compression plating
Authors: Komuravalli Varun Krishna , Reddy N Vamsi 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Background: The treatment of proximal humerus fractures is always a challenge for the Orthopedic surgeon. Proximal humeral fractures are a regular presence in clinics. In the past, the standard treatment method was conservative. The results and functional outcomes, on the other hand, were not favorable. The functional outcomes have been known to improve after the development of locking compression plates. The purpose of this study was to see how functional proximal humerus fractures were treated with locking compression plates fared.

Methods: This cross-sectional interventional prospective study was carried out in the Department of Orthopedics, Prathima Institute of Medical Sciences. The study included all adult patients with closed two-part and three-part proximal humerus fractures who were reported within a week after the incident. Based on the sample size calculations and inclusion and exclusion criteria a total of n=35 patients were included in the study. Patients were followed up for 12months after surgery using a typical surgical method with a locking compression plate.

Results: n=35 patients out of which n=19(54.2%) were males and n=16 (45.7%) were females. The distribution based on age involved in patients with fractures showed equal preponderance among 31-35 years and 20-25 years with n=9(25.71%).Neer's classification of fractures of proximal humerus was followed in this study. Most of the patients in n=25 (71.42%) cases were having Neer's Two-part fractures and three-part fractures were found in n=8(22.8%) and four-part in n=2(5.7%). The overall results in the study were 65.71% of patients had excellent results,20% had good results,8.5% had satisfactory results and 5.7% had poor results.

Conclusion: Locking plates are a preferable therapeutic choice for proximal humerus fractures, particularly when the bone quality is poor and the fracture is comminuted. Complication rates can be reduced by using good surgical techniques and selecting the right situations. Proximal humeral internal locking plates continue to provide strong overall functionality.
A Prospective and Retrospective Study of Bone Marrow in Patients with Pancytopenia– A Study of 150 Cases
Authors: Cheruku Swathi , Swaroopa M Jyothi , Yerragolla Sravanthi , Srikanth S 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

BACKGROUND
: The bone marrow is widely distributed organ and is the principle site for blood cells formation. The broad spectrum of disorders affects the marrow primarily or secondarily with presentation of peripheral pancytopenia. Hence, bone marrow examination is extremely helpful in evaluation of pancytopenia. This study emphasizes the different causes of pancytopenia and bone marrow morphology in cases of pancytopenia.

MATERIALS & METHODS: The present study is a retrospective and prospective study done in the department of Pathology, for a period of two years. All the relevant history, clinical details, radiological details, and biochemistry parameters were considered.

RESULTS: Out of 150 cases,96 were males and 54 were females. Majority of the patients were in the age group of 41-60 years (54%) amongst whom Megaloblastic anaemia was the most important cause of pancytopenia.

CONCLUSION: Bone marrow aspiration is relatively a very safe invasive procedure and primarily permits cytological assessment since the underlying pathology determines the management and prognosis of the patients.
Sistema del Régimen de Incorporación Fiscal, forma más competente para disminuir la informalidad en los Agronegocios en la Cuidad de Tuxpan, Veracruz
Authors: Olarte García Marcela , Elorza Martínez Oralia , Hidalgo Barrios Blanca Vianey , Pineda Moreno Araceli 
Published: September 2022

El objetivo de la presente investigación es analizar si el Régimen de Incorporación Fiscal es la forma más competente para que se disminuya la informalidad en las pequeñas y medianas empresas de agronegocios de Tuxpan, Veracruz, para conocer la importancia de sus beneficios en materia fiscal y económica, Y así lograr hacer crecer sus negocios.
En esta investigación se analizaron los conceptos y teorías claves para determinar la eficiencia del Régimen de Incorporación Fiscal que sustituyó a partir del 2014 al régimen (REPECO) Régimen de Pequeños Contribuyentes y el Régimen Intermedio. El RIF una ventaja que tiene es que no se necesita un título profesional para estar inscrito y comprender este régimen por lo tanto los contribuyentes tienen la facilidad de hacer las declaraciones bimestrales del pago de IVA y de sus ingresos ellos mismos en la plataforma mis cuentas del portal del SAT sin necesidad de un contador ya que la plataforma digital da la cuenta con instrucciones claras a seguir.
Add-on therapy with different non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents in the management of non-infectious, non-necrotizing episcleritis
Authors: Ozer Omer , Tuncer Muhammet Latif 
Published: September 2022

Background: Episcleritis is a common ocular inflammatory disease that can cause red eye. It is usually managed using single or combined topical corticosteroids and topical or oral non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) as directed by clinical response. However, recurrence is possible. This study aimed to compare the effects of add-on therapies using different topical NSAIDs in the management of treatment-naive, non-infectious, non-necrotizing episcleritis.
Methods: Seventy-five eyes of 75 patients with non-infectious, non-necrotizing unilateral episcleritis were included in this study. Patients were allocated to one of three groups based on the NSAID used as add-on therapy: topical diclofenac sodium 0.1% (group D), topical nepafenac 0.1% (group N1), and topical nepafenac 0.3% (group N3). The time to symptom disappearance was defined as the recovery time.
Results: There were no statistically significant differences in age, sex, initial best-corrected distance visual acuity, and intraocular pressure between groups (all P > 0.05). The mean recovery times of groups D and N1 were comparable (12.86 ± 5.35 days and 11.45 ± 5.42 days, respectively) (P > 0.05). However, the mean recovery time of group N3 was significantly shorter (9.70 ± 3.80 days, P < 0.05). Recurrence was observed in only one patient in group N1 at 3 months, and symptoms resolved when the same medication was reinstituted. Furthermore, we noted no side effects during the follow-up period for any of the treatment modalities.
Conclusions: All three topical NSAIDs were effective add-on therapies in the management of non-infectious, non-necrotizing unilateral episcleritis. However, once-daily administration of topical nepafenac 0.3% had a shorter recovery time than topical diclofenac 0.1% and topical nepafenac 0.1%.
Pelatihan Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia Kelompok Sadar Wisata (Pokdarwis) Di Desa Wisata Suntenjaya Kecamatan Lembang Kabupaten Bandung Barat
Authors: Karini Rieke Sri Rizki Asti , Sukriadi Erie Hidayat 
Published: September 2022

The tourism potential in Suntenjaya Tourism Village, Lembang District, West Bandung Regency is very large, but it has not been fully managed professionally, so it has not been able to support regional acceptance in Sunten Jaya Tourism Village, Lembang District, West Bandung Regency, especially in improving the standard of living of the local community. Sunten Jaya Tourism Village, Lembang District, West Bandung Regency, especially POKDARWIS Eka Harapan, Sunten Jaya Village, Lembang District, West Bandung Regency, is very interested in efforts to develop regional tourism so that it indirectly has a very strategic role in realizing efforts towards its development.
The existence of the Human Resource Management Training Program in the Pokdarwis Mentoring Program in Sunten Jaya Tourism Village, Lembang District, West Bandung Regency is one of the Community Service (PkM) Stiepar Yapari in order to improve the Resource Management used in POKDARWIS Eka Harapan Village Sunten Jaya District Lembang Regency West Bandung is more comprehensive in the sense that it focuses more on improving existing Resource Management.
Mengembangkan Potensi Peternak Ayam Petelur di Masa Pandemi Melalui Digital Preneur
Authors: Andriani Rian , Noor Chairil M , Ismail Kristian , Fauzzia Willma , Hidayat Fanny Agustina 
Published: September 2022

Permasalahan UMKM pada masa pandemi COVID-19 saat ini salah satunya adalah keterbatasan dalam hal transaksi jual beli. Dengan adanya pembatasan kegiatan jual beli tersebut, pelaku bisnis dituntut untuk dapat memanfaatkan teknologi dalam mengembangkan bisnisnya. Hal ini juga berlaku bagi para peternak telur yang tergabung di Pratani Training Farm. Para peternak ayam petelur yang tergabung di Pratani Training Farm memiliki potensi untuk dikembangkan dengan pemberdayaan kewirausahaan menggunakan digitalpreneurship. Magister Manajemen Ars University melakukan kegiatan Pengabdian Masyarakat dengan mengadakan kegiatan workshop untuk memberikan pengetahuan dan keterampilan serta mensosialisasikan tentang digitalpreneur. Bentuk kegiatan yang dilakukan yaitu berupa pelatihan dengan para dosen Magister Manajemen Ars University serta para peternak telur yang tergabung di Pratani Training Farm. Kegiatan ini diharapkan dapat meningkatkan mutu dan kualitas produksi yang secara langsung juga dapat meningkatkan pendapatan para peternak ayam petelur.