bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A study on resonant collision in the two-dimensional multi-component long-wave–short-wave resonance system
Authors: Rao Jiguang , Kanna T. , He Jingsong 
Published: February 2022

This study focuses on the occurrence and dynamics of resonant collisions of breathers among themselves and with rational solitary waves in a two-dimensional multi-component long-wave–short-wave resonance system. These nonlinear coherent structures are described by a family of semi-rational solutions encompassing almost all known solitary waves with non-zero boundary conditions. In the case of resonant collision of parallel breathers, the original breathers split up into several new breathers or combine into a new breather. They also exhibit a mixed behaviour displaying a mixture of splitting and recombination processes. The lumps and line rogue waves—two distinct forms of rational solitary waves—can undergo partial and complete resonant collisions with breathers. In the partial resonant collisions, the lumps do not exit well before interaction but suddenly emerge from the breathers and finally keep existing for an infinite time after interaction, or they alter from existence to annihilation as one moves fromt→−∞tot→+∞. The line rogue waves arise and decay along ray waves instead of line waves. In the complete resonant collisions, the lumps first detach from breathers and then fuse into other breathers, while the line rogue waves appear and disappear along line segment waves of finite length, namely, both of the lumps and rogue waves are doubly localized in two-dimensional space as well as in time.
Vaccination of solid organ transplant recipients previously infected with SARS-CoV2 induces potent responses that extend to variants, including Omicron
Authors: Choudhary Alok , Lerman Mark , Calianese David , Khan Salman , Hunt Judson , Nikaein Afzal , Rosenberg Avi Z. , Silverberg Jonathan I. , Zyskind Israel , Honnen William , Jaijyan Dabbu K. , Kalu Erica , Pinter Abraham 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACTBackgroundMultiple factors affecting COVID19 vaccine induced antibody responses in SARS-CoV2 uninfected immunosuppressed solid organ transplant recipients have been reported; however, there is still a lack of information on non-ACE2 competing cross-CoV2 neutralizing functional antibodies induced in these cohorts, and similarly the vaccine efficacy in prior CoV2-infected immunosuppressed individuals is not well understood.MethodsCOVID19 vaccine efficacy was compared in a panel of kidney and heart transplant recipients who were either CoV2 uninfected (n=63) or CoV2 infected (n=13) prior to receiving two or three doses of mRNA vaccines using pseudoviral neutralization assays against eight CoV2 strains (the CoV2_D614G ancestral strain, alpha, beta, gamma, delta, kappa, lambda, and omicron-BA1 variants), while plasma antibody titers were determined by ELISA using recombinant CoV2-RBD-wt proteins.ResultsMinimally protective neutralizing plasma antibody titers (IC50≥ 1:50) against the variants were recorded 7-14% and 25-35% after the second and third doses respectively, with Omicron being the most resistant. In contrast, all previously infected vaccinees possessed minimal protective plasma titers against D614G after either two or three vaccine doses, with 11/13 exhibiting strong protection (IC50≥ 1:500) and 10/13 exceeding the minimal protective titer against Omicron. Absorption of the selected plasma with immobilized parental RBD removed ≥ 90% of its neutralizing activity, indicating that the dominant neutralization targets were in the RBD.ConclusionsThis study showed that CoV2 infection followed by vaccination, but not vaccination alone, induces the presence of potent highly cross-reactive CoV2 neutralizing plasma antibodies that extend to Omicron variants, even in immunosuppressed SOTRs.
Single cell analysis of menstrual endometrial tissues defines phenotypes associated with endometriosis
Authors: Shih Andrew J. , Adelson Robert P. , Vashistha Himanshu , Khalili Houman , Nayyar Ashima , Puran Radha , Herrera Rixsi , Chatterjee Prodyot K. , Lee Annette T. , Truskinovsky Alexander M. , Elmaliki Kristine , DeFranco Margaret , Metz Christine N. , Gregersen Peter K. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundEndometriosis is a common, complex disorder which is underrecognized and subject to prolonged delays in diagnosis. It is accompanied by significant changes in the eutopic endometrial lining.MethodsWe have undertaken the first single cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-Seq) comparison of endometrial tissues in freshly collected menstrual effluent (ME) from 33 subjects, including confirmed endometriosis patients (cases) and controls as well as symptomatic subjects (who have chronic symptoms suggestive of endometriosis but have not been diagnosed).ResultsWe identify a unique subcluster of proliferating uterine natural killer (uNK) cells in ME-tissues from controls that is almost absent from endometriosis cases, along with a striking reduction of total uNK cells in the ME of cases (p<10-16). In addition, an IGFBP1+ decidualized subset of endometrial stromal cells are abundant in the shed endometrium of controls when compared to cases (p<10-16) confirming findings of compromised decidualization of cultured stromal cells from cases. By contrast, endometrial stromal cells from cases are enriched in cells expressing pro-inflammatory and senescent phenotypes. An enrichment of B cells in the cases (p=5.8 × 10-6) raises the possibility that some may have chronic endometritis, a disorder which predisposes to endometriosis.ConclusionsWe propose that characterization of endometrial tissues in ME will provide an effective screening tool for identifying endometriosis in patients with chronic symptoms suggestive of this disorder. This constitutes a major advance, since delayed diagnosis for many years is a major clinical problem in the evaluation of these patients. Comprehensive analysis of ME is expected to lead to new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to endometriosis and other associated reproductive disorders such as female infertility.
Prevalence of hepatitis B and hepatitis C in migrants from sub-Saharan Africa at Al Kufra in SE Libya in transit toward Europe
Authors: Saaed Frhat M. A. , Ongerth Jerry E. 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACTBackgroundViral hepatitis has become a universally established health care challenge due to its worldwide distribution chronic persistence, complications, and high prevalence with unchecked conditions in areas like sub-Saharan Africa. A high proportion of asymptomatic infections allows serious complications in patients who are infected. These asymptomatic infected people pose a serious risk for the transmission of infection to healthy population. This study aimed to detect and examine the prevalence of both HBV and HCV carriers among 3248 newly arrived migrants from different parts of sub-Saharan Africa in Al Kufra, Libya, a remote agricultural North African city. All these migrants were required by the Libyan authorities to undergo a complete medical check-up for different purposes such as joining for new jobs, and for obtaining licenses for trade and commerce.MethodologyUAT sera from 3,248 migrants, aged 18–53 years, attending the Al Kufra city hospital from January 01 to December 31, 2019, were screened for HBsAg and anti-HCV antibody by rapid tests and positive samples were further tested by ELISA method.Resultsthe results showed that 761/3248 (23.4%) of the migrants were positive for HBV and 1014/3248 (31.2%) were positive for HCV.ConclusionMigrants newly arrived from sub-Saharan African carry high rates of Hepatitis B and C infections. It is important to increase awareness about occupational health, and the risks of HBV and HCV transmission to the local population. The study results indicate the value of preemployment medical check-up and regular investigation and illustrates the importance of understanding the potential impact on migrant destination populations.
Operationalising the Centiloid Scale for [18F]florbetapir PET Studies on PET/MR
Authors: Coath William , Modat Marc , Cardoso M Jorge , Markiewicz Pawel , Lane Christopher A , Parker Thomas D , Keshavan Ashvini , Buchanan Sarah M , Keuss Sarah E , Harris Matthew J , Burgos Ninon , Dickson John , Barnes Anna , Thomas David L , Beasley Daniel , Malone Ian B , Wong Andrew , Erlandsson Kjell , Thomas Benjamin A , Schöll Michael , Ourselin Sebastien , Richards Marcus , Fox Nick C , Schott Jonathan M , Cash David M ,   the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACTPurposeThe Centiloid scale provides a systematic means of harmonising amyloid-β PET measures across different acquisition and processing methodologies. This work explores the Centiloid transformation of [18F]florbetapir PET data acquired on a combined PET/MR scanner and processed with methods that differ from the standard Centiloid pipeline.MethodsThe Standard PiB and Florbetapir Calibration datasets were processed using a standardised uptake value ratio (SUVR) pipeline with MRI parcellations from the Geodesic Information Flow (GIF) algorithm in native PET space. We generated SUVRs using whole cerebellum (GIF_WCSUVR) and eroded white matter (GIF_WMSUVR) reference regions, with and without partial volume correction (PVC). Linear regression was used to calibrate these processing pipelines to the standard Centiloid approach. We then applied the resulting transformation to 432 florbetapir scans from the Insight 46 study of mostly cognitively normal individuals aged ∼70 years, and defined Centiloid cutpoints for amyloid-β positivity using Gaussian-mixture modelling.ResultsGIF-based SUVR processing pipelines were suitable for conversion according to Centiloid criteria. For GIF_WCSUVR, cutpoints translated to 14.2 Centiloids, or 11.8 with PVC. There was a differential relationship between florbetapir uptake in WM and WC regions in Florbetapir Calibration and Insight 46 datasets, causing implausibly low Centiloid values for GIF_WMSUVR. Linear adjustment to account for this difference resulted in Centiloid cutpoints of 18.1 for GIF_WMSUVR (17.0 with PVC).ConclusionOur results show florbetapir SUVRs acquired on PET/MR scanners can be reliably converted to Centiloids. Acquisition or biological factors can have large effects on Centiloid values from different datasets, we propose a correction to account for these effects.
Assessment of Genetic Susceptibility to Multiple Primary Cancers through Whole-Exome Sequencing in Two Large Multi-Ancestry Studies
Authors: Cavazos Taylor B. , Kachuri Linda , Graff Rebecca E. , Nierenberg Jovia L. , Thai Khanh K. , Alexeeff Stacey , Van Den Eeden Stephen , Corley Douglas A. , Kushi Lawrence H. ,   Regeneron Genetics Center, Hoffmann Thomas J. , Ziv Elad , Habel Laurie , Jorgenson Eric , Sakoda Lori C. , Witte John S. 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACTUp to one of every six individuals diagnosed with one cancer will be diagnosed with a second primary cancer in their lifetime. Genetic factors contributing to the development of multiple primary cancers, beyond known cancer syndromes, have been underexplored. To characterize genetic susceptibility to multiple cancers, we conducted a pan-cancer, whole-exome sequencing study of individuals drawn from two large prospective cohorts (6,429 cases, 165,853 controls). We created two groupings of individuals diagnosed with multiple primary cancers: 1) an overall combined set with at least two cancers across any of 36 organ sites; and 2) cancer-specific sets defined by an index cancer at one of 16 organ sites with at least 50 cases from each study population. We then investigated whether variants identified from exome sequencing were associated with these sets of multiple cancer cases in comparison to individuals with one and, separately, no cancers. We identified 22 variant-phenotype associations, 10 of which have not been previously discovered and were significantly overrepresented among individuals with multiple cancers, compared to those with a single cancer. Overall, we describe variants and genes that may play a fundamental role in the development of multiple primary cancers and improve our understanding of shared mechanisms underlying carcinogenesis. Further investigation of these findings may lead to new screening strategies for individuals at risk for multiple primary cancers.
Genetic control of body weight by the human brain proteome
Authors: Gagnon Eloi , Girard Arnaud , Gobeil Émilie , Bourgault Jérôme , Couture Christian , Mitchell Patricia L. , Bouchard Claude , Tremblay Angelo , Mathieu Patrick , Michaud Andréanne , Pérusse Louis , Arsenault Benoit J. 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACTGenome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified hundreds of genetic variants associated with body weight but the biological relevance of most remains unexplored. Given the critical role of the brain in multiple biological processes associated with body weight regulation, we set out to determine whether genetic variants linked with body mass index (BMI) could be mapped to brain proteins. Using genetic colocalization, we mapped 23 loci from the largest BMI GWAS (n=806,834) to brain proteins (obtained from a dataset of >7000 dorsolateral prefrontal cortex proteins measured by mass spectrometry in >400 individuals). We also performed a proteome-wide Mendelian randomization analysis followed by genetic colocalization, which allowed us to identify an additional 48 brain proteins linked with BMI. Multi-trait colocalization suggested that more than 75% of the protein quantitative trait loci (pQTL)-BMI associations are mediated via protein expression and not via RNA expression. Single-cell sequencing from the human brain cortex revealed that the genes expressing the proteins associated with BMI may be predominantly expressed in oligodendrocytes. In the Québec Family Study, a genetic risk score (GRS) including these brain pQTLs was associated with higher dietary carbohydrate intake and lower lipid intake whereas a GRS including the 67 variants most strongly associated with BMI was not associated with dietary intake. In conclusions, we identified 71 proteins expressed in the prefrontal cortex that may be critical regulators of body weight and possibly dietary intake in humans.
Adaptation of HL7 FHIR for the exchange of patients’ gene expression profiles
Authors: Auer Florian , Abdykalykova Zhibek , Müller Dominik , Kramer Frank 
Published: February 2022

AbstractHigh-throughput technologies, especially gene expression analyses can accurately capture the molecular state in patients under different conditions. Thus, their application in clinical routine gains increasing relevance and fosters patient stratification towards individualized treatment decisions. Electronic health records already evolved to capture genomic data within clinical systems and standards like FHIR enable sharing within, and even between institutions. However, FHIR only provides profiles tailored to variations in the molecular sequence, while expression patterns are neglected although being equally important for decision making. Here we provide an exemplary implementation of gene expression profiles of a microarray analysis of patients with acute myeloid leukemia using an adaptation of the FHIR genomics extension. Our results demonstrate how FHIR resources can be facilitated in clinical systems and thereby pave the way for usage for the aggregation and exchange of transcriptomic data in multi-center studies.
Clinical and economic benefits of lenzilumab plus standard of care compared with standard of care alone for the treatment of hospitalized patients with Coronavirus Disease 19 (COVID-19) from the perspective of National Health Service England
Authors: Kilcoyne Adrian , Jordan Edward , Thomas Kimberly , Pepper Alicia N. , Zhou Allen , Chappell Dale , Amarapala Miyuru , Thériault Rachel-Karson , Thompson Melissa 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPurposeEstimate the clinical and economic benefits of lenzilumab plus standard of care (SOC) compared with SOC alone in the treatment of hospitalized COVID-19 patients from the National Health Service (NHS) England perspective.MethodsA cost calculator was developed to estimate the clinical benefits and costs of adding lenzilumab to SOC in newly hospitalized COVID-19 patients over 28 days. The LIVE-AIR trial results informed the clinical inputs: failure to achieve survival without ventilation (SWOV), mortality, time to recovery, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) use. Base case costs included drug acquisition and administration for lenzilumab and remdesivir and hospital resource costs based on level of care required. Clinical and economic benefits per weekly cohort of newly hospitalized patients were also estimated.ResultsIn all populations examined, specified clinical outcomes were improved with lenzilumab plus SOC over SOC treatment alone. In a base case population aged <85 years with C-reactive protein (CRP) <150 mg/L, with or without remdesivir, adding lenzilumab to SOC was estimated to result in per-patient cost savings of £1,162. In a weekly cohort of 4,754 newly hospitalized patients, addition of lenzilumab to SOC could result in 599 IMV uses avoided, 352 additional lives saved, and over £5.5 million in cost savings. Scenario results for per-patient cost savings included: 1) aged <85 years, CRP <150 mg/L, and receiving remdesivir (£3,127); 2) Black patients with CRP <150 mg/L (£9,977); and 3) Black patients from the full population (£2,369). Conversely, in the full mITT population, results estimated additional cost of £4,005 per patient.ConclusionFindings support clinical benefits for SWOV, mortality, time to recovery, time in ICU, time on IMV, and ventilator use, and an economic benefit from the NHS England perspective when adding lenzilumab to SOC for hospitalized COVID-19 patients.
Mobility restrictions as a pandemic response
Authors: Lane Hakan , Şahin Mehmet , Otto Philipp 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe COVID19 pandemic has caused a large number of infections and fatalities, causing administrations at various levels to use different policy measures to reduce viral spread by limiting public mobility. This paper analyzes the complex association between the stringency of restrictions, public mobility, and reproduction rate (R-value) on a national level for Germany. The goals were to analyze; a) the correlation between government restrictions and public mobility and b) the association between public mobilities and virus reproduction. In addition to correlations, a Gaussian Process Regression Technique is used to fit the interaction between mobility and R-value. The main findings are that: (i) Government restrictions has a high association with reduced public mobilities, especially for non-food stores and public transport, (ii) Out of six measured public mobilities, retail, recreation, and transit station activities have the most significant impact on COVID19 reproduction rates. (iii) A mobility reduction of 30% is required to have a critical negative impact on case number dynamics, preventing further spread.
Is chronic pain an affective disorder? Moderation of resting-state functional connectivity within the emotional brain by depressive symptoms
Authors: Quidé Yann , Norman-Nott Nell , Hesam-Shariati Negin , McAuley James H. , Gustin Sylvia M. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundDepressive symptoms are often comorbid to chronic pain. These conditions share aberrant emotion processing and regulation, as well as common brain networks. However, the relationship between depressive symptoms and chronic pain on emotional brain function is unclear.MethodsParticipants were 26 individuals with chronic pain (referred to as the Pain group) and 32 healthy controls (HC), who underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging and completed the Beck Depressive Inventory. Main effects of group, depressive symptom severity (total score), and their interaction were evaluated on functional connectivity from three seed regions (separately, the left and right amygdalae, the medial prefrontal cortex, mPFC) and the rest of the brain. In case of significant interaction, moderation analyses were conducted.ResultsThe group-by-depressive symptoms interaction was significantly associated with changes in connectivity between the right amygdala and the mPFC (pFWEc<0.001). Moderation analysis indicated that, compared to the HC group, the Pain group showed weaker connectivity between these regions at lower levels of depressive symptoms (p=0.018), and stronger connectivity at higher levels of depressive symptoms (p=0.001). In addition, the strength of connectivity decreased in the HC (p=0.004) and increased in the Pain group (p=0.011) as the severity of depressive symptoms increased. Finally, the Pain group showed significant weaker connectivity between the mPFC seed and the left parahippocampal gyrus compared to the HC group (pFWEc=0.015).ConclusionsThese results indicate that depressive symptoms moderate the impact of chronic pain on the emotional brain function and highlight potential implications for the choice of treatment for chronic pain.
Vaccination under the Pandemic and Political Support
Authors: Takahashi Masaki , Takaku Reo , Ashida Toyo , Ibuka Yoko 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis paper examines the impact of COVID-19 vaccination on political support. We exploit Japan’s age-based COVID-19 vaccine roll-out, prioritizing people aged 65 years and older. A regression discontinuity design based on a large-scale online survey reveals that COVID-19 vaccination increases favorable opinions of the vaccination progress in municipalities and infection control measures of municipal governments. By contrast, there is no significant effect on support for the central government. We also discovered that people with chronic diseases and low socioeconomic status are more affected. These results show that reciprocal motives and political information play an important role in evaluating public policies.