bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical Elective Choices and Motivations for Future Career Specialty Selection of Medical School Trainees and Junior Doctors of The University of the West Indies, Jamaica
Authors: Williams Johnson Jean , Graham Leohrandra , Williams Eric , Campbell Colleen , Thomas Nidhi , Gossell-Williams Maxine 
Published: January 2022

Background: Clinical electives, provide opportunities to inform future career paths. The primary purpose of this study was to examine whether the clinical electives were being used as intended i.e. to help with specialization choice and to determine the factors that influence trainee decisions for specialty training at The University of the West Indies.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between July 2019 and March 2020, using a self-administered questionnaire.
Results: 193 participants completed the questionnaire, aged 20 to 35 years, 133 (68.9%) were females. The most common electives completed were internal medicine specialties (80, 41.5%), followed by surgical specialties (53. 27.5%). Only 64(33.2%) participants reported electives used to gain experience for future career; other reasons included filling knowledge gaps (101, 52.3%), having to repeat failed clerkships (19, 9.8%). Future career preferences were the specialties of surgery (75, 40.8%), internal medicine (41, 22.3%), anaesthetics (20,10.4%) and obstetrics & gynaecology (18, 9.3%). Males showed a preference for surgical specialties (p=0.002). The use of the elective for determining career path showed significant correlation with future specialty choice (Likelihood ratio chi-square test (32) = 98.37, p<0.001). Career motivation factors correlating significantly with future specialty choices were intellectual challenge (p=0.025), income (p=0.010), prestige(p=0.015) and working hours(p=0.012).
Conclusions: There was use of clinical elective rotations as intended by senior medical students and junior doctors. Surgical specialties were the top selections especially for males. Career counseling was needed to guide beneficial use of the clinical electives and to encourage the alignment of specialty choice with trainee motivations.
Aplicación del Modelo EFQM 2020 para Servicios Sociales
Authors: Ochando Mª Victoria 
Published: January 2022

La realidad social y el modo de funcionar de las instituciones es cambiante. De ahí que resulte preciso que las organizaciones sean capaces de adaptarse y adelantarse a los cambios emergentes. Los Servicios Sociales también se han visto sumidos en grandes transformaciones y desafíos que requieren superar las carencias existentes y apostar con firmeza por sistemas de gestión de la calidad. Los modelos utilizados para la gestión de la calidad deben respetar las singularidades de Servicios Sociales, adaptarse al entorno y poner en valor la dignidad de las personas usuarias.
En este artículo, se explora la pertinencia del Modelo EFQM 2020 para Servicios Sociales.
El objetivo es identificar si los criterios y valores del Modelo EFQM 2020 son aplicables al contexto de Servicios Sociales. Se estudian los bloques de Dirección, Ejecución y Resultados del Modelo, y se evidencian algunas de las limitaciones presentes en el sistema de protección mencionado. Se incluye una comparativa entre los valores del Modelo EFQM 2020 y Servicios Sociales, donde se establecen puntos en común. Finalmente, se plantea la aplicación inicial del modelo al contexto de los Servicios Sociales.
PERUBAHAN POLA TANAM MONOKULTUR MENJADI TUMPANG SARI DI KELOMPOK TANI BAROKAH SEJAHTERA
Authors: Kuntari Wien , Rasid Sinta Aditia 
Published: January 2022

Harga jual yang rendah dan rentan mengalami kerugian pada saat panen raya, membuat Kelompok Tani Barokah Sejahtera yang selama ini menanam cabai dengan pola tanam monokultur, mencoba memperbaiki pola tanamnya dengan menggunakan pola tanam tumpangsari. Tumpang sari yang dilakukan yaitu, menanam cabe merah dengan head lettuce, dengan pertimbangan umur panen head lettuce lebih cepat, dengan harga jual yang lebih stabil. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah merumuskan ide pengembangan bisnis, serta mengkaji kelayakan perubahan pola tanam monokultur menjadi tumpang sari berdasarkan aspek non finansial dan finansial. Metode analisis menggunakan analisis SWOT, aspek non finansial dan aspek finansial. Hasil analisis dari aspek non finasial, berdasarkan aspek pemasaran memiliki pasar yang dituju yaitu pedagang pengepul dan pengecer. Aspek produksi, tersedianya bahan baku, sarana dan prasarana. Aspek sumber daya manusia, tersedianya tenaga kerja. Aspek organisasi dan manajemen terdapat struktur organisasi kelompok tani dan pembagian tugas, serta aspek kolaborasi, berkerja sama untuk distribusi produk. Hasil analisis finansial perolehan laba bersih sesudah pengembangan sebesar Rp 39.376.390. Analisis R/C ratio diperoleh sebesar 2,74. Perhitungan analisis parsial pengembangan bisnis memberikan keuntungan tambahan sebesar Rp 10.336.000. Berdasarkan analisis non finasial dan finansial pengembangan bisnis menguntungkan untuk dilaksanakan.
Training Teaching Assistants in Assessment of Lab Assignments in Computer Science at a Swedish University
Authors: Riese Emma , Kann Viggo 
Published: January 2022

Teaching assistants (TAs), students who assist the faculty, are widely used in computer science (CS) courses. Previous studies have, however, shown that TAs could be poorly prepared and need training. Particularly, an interview study has shown that one of the areas where the TAs experience uncertainty is when assessing students’ oral presentations of their lab assignments. Based on that result and by interviewing course coordinators, we have developed and offered training workshops about assessment in CS. We invited our TAs in the introductory CS courses to participate on a voluntary basis. By distributing pre-workshop surveys at the beginning of each semester, and post-workshop surveys at the end of the semesters, to both workshop attendees (50) and non-attendees (44), we studied how the TAs conducted the assessments and what impact the training workshop had on their self-reported practice. Both surveys had 11 identical statements that the TAs were asked to rate on a 7-point Likert scale. We also conducted interviews with four workshop attendees and three non-attendees. The results showed a significant difference between the two groups in the post-workshop survey: workshop attendees disagreed more with the statement “I try to assess students' understanding rather than the program”, which is more in line with the instructions given. In addition, when comparing pre- and post-workshop answers, the workshop attendees stated that they were less inclined to ask for help, experienced that the lab instructions were not detailed enough, and were more inclined to ask questions that convinced them that the students had written the program themselves. In the control group, no significant differences between pre- and post-tests were found.
Religious Encounters in Togo: Vodun and the Roman Catholic Church
Authors: Brivio Alessandra 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The article discusses the struggle between vodun priests and Roman Catholic missionaries in Togo during the first decades of the twentieth century. I analyze several cases that involved the two traditions and follow the tensions aroused by a new vodun called Goro. Assuming that the Catholic religion is pervaded by the culture of presence, my aim is to show that such religious conflict cannot be fully understood solely as a response to political tensions and personal incertitude engendered by the new colonial order. It needs to be viewed also in the light of a number of concepts that brought the perspectives of the Catholic missionaries closer to those of the vodun priests.
STUDI LITERATUR LATIHAN VERTICAL JUMP TERHADAP TEKNIK BLOCK PADA PERMAINAN BOLA VOLI
Authors: Pardiman  , Aden Wijaya  , Siti Euis Kartika  
Published: January 2022

Teknik dasar block merupakan salah kunci utama untuk mendapatkan poin dari lawan. Bendungan atau block berfungsi untuk menghadang serangan lawan dari dekat net sekaligus sebagai serangan balik ke pihak lawan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui studi literatur pengaruh latihan vertical jump terhadap teknik block pada permainan bola voli. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian studi literatur yang terdiri dari beberapa sumber seperti sumber primer dan sumber sekunder. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan melalui berbagai sumber yang relevan berupa jurnal maupun buku, maka peneliti menemukan bahwa vertical jump berpengaruh signifikan terhadap teknik dasar block bola voli. Pernyataan ini didukung oleh berbagai penelitian terdahulu. Hal ini terbukti pada penelitian yang telah dilakukan oleh beberapa peneliti yang terdahulu dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada pengaruh yang signifikan latihan vertical jump terhadap kemampuan block bola voli, hasil yang didapatkan dari penelitian yang telah dilakukan bahwa vertical jump memiliki pengaruh yang positif terhadap teknik block bola voli.
114 Latent Environmental Errors Revealed: Using <i>in situ</i> Simulation to Check the Safety of Returning Theatres to Operating After Being Repurposed as a Ventilator Inpatient Unit
Authors: Machin Jon , Schofield Louise , Blackshaw Jon , Taylor-Jones Vidhi , Rimmer Neil , Parker Michael , McFarlane Helen , Harrison Mike , Taylor Jon 
Published: January 2022

During the second wave of the coronavirus pandemic, Day Surgery had been stopped for 6 months at Aintree University Hospital to respond to an influx of COVID patients. Day Surgery theatre staff had been redeployed to other areas of the hospital, including A&E and Intensive Care. The Day Surgery recovery had been repurposed as a ventilatory inpatient unit for coronavirus patients. We felt that this potentially jeopardized the confidence and competence of returning elective care staff. We hypothesized that the theatres themselves had become unsafe to accept patients for elective procedures having been used for a different purpose for such a long time. We used We aimed to improve the confidence and capability of theatre staff returning to work in elective theatres and to perform a systems test of the Day Surgery Unit to identify and rectify any latent errors.The refresher day was split into morning and afternoon sessions. The morning session comprised of two simulation sessions: cardiac arrest in recovery and a difficult airway in theatre. The afternoon comprised of sessions focussing on five anaesthetic emergencies: malignant hyperthermia, local anaesthetic toxicity, massive haemorrhage, anaphylaxis and sepsis. These sessions included locating and studying standard operating procedure (SOP) folders and locating vital equipment in the treatment of these emergencies. Participants then evaluated their confidence in managing emergencies before and after the refresher day using pre- and post-questionnaires. We also encouraged participants to raise concerns and make suggestions in a free-text section.Forty participants took part in the refresher day. Pre- and post-questionnaires indicated that participants had much-improved confidence in dealing with anaesthetic emergencies post-session. We identified several latent errors within the unit including missing and out-of-date SOP folders, missing anaphylaxis bag, no fibrescope available for the difficult airway, no key available for the malignant hyperthermia cupboard and a poorly stocked and unsealed difficult airway trolley.The results show that participants felt more confident to restart work in the Day Surgery Unit, hopefully improving their performance in critical incidents. By running
129 Using Simulation to Identify System Issues in the Emergency Department
Authors: Mulqueen Clare , Holmes Catherine , Thompson Demi , Matson Andy 
Published: January 2022

simulation (ISS) has previously been shown to be an effective tool for identifying system issues in healthcare The aim of the present study was to describe how ISS has been used to identify and address system issues in an ED setting.Each week a simulated case is selected to address specific clinical presentations and to bring out a range of clinical and non-clinical learning points. The scenarios are run in the ED using a low-fidelity mannequin and a monitor ‘app’. The scenario is run in real time, participants are required to locate and identify real kit; medications are required to be collected and additional help/senior advice is to be sought in the way that the participants would do in normal practice. After each scenario, there is a debrief, facilitated by the ISS team, in which the participants discuss and identify learning points as well as errors and systemic issues drawing both on the scenario and wider clinical experience. These points are collated and written up in the ‘MYSIM’ (an infographic sharing learning points) and distributed through a range of channels to all ED staff. Where practical solutions are required, the team feeds these back to the relevant senior nursing staff or management team to address these issues. demonstrates the system issues that we have identified and addressed so far through ISS.System issues identified and addressed so far through ISSBy running ISS, we have identified and addressed a number of system issues, which, through shared learning, has seen changes within the ED and ISS continues to be a valuable tool for improving patient safety.
55 Introduction of a Cardiac Arrest Proforma Through <i>in situ</i> Simulation Training
Authors: Thompson Demi , Holmes Catherine , Matson Andrew , Mulqueen Claire 
Published: January 2022

The use of The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of using ISS as a learning opportunity to disseminate and trial the introduction of a new cardiac arrest proforma.We ran the scenario on two separate occasions involving 11 participants. The simulation involved a low-fidelity manikin and a simulated monitor app. Real equipment is used and the simulation is run in real-time – learners were encouraged to manage the patient as they would in real life. Learners include doctors, nurses, healthcare assistants and student nurses/doctors. Learners are briefed prior to the simulation; in this particular case, the learners were informed that we would be utilizing a cardiac arrest proforma and encouraged to use this. The learners are then debriefed using a promoting excellence and reflective learning (PEARLs) framework and discussion amongst themselves is central to the debrief framework Feedback obtained from this simulation concluded that it was a valuable learning opportunity. Figure 1 shows the results of learner responses (n = 11). The scale included was 5 (strongly agree) to 1 (strongly disagree) – an average of responses is included within the graph.Using ISS to trial our proforma allowed us to implement it within the ED. Collating feedback allowed us to make amendments to our proforma based on multi-disciplinary opinions. As well as recognizing that ISS can be used to achieve this purpose, it also provided a valuable learning opportunity. ISS can be used in future to introduce new guidelines, distribute vital information and provide learning.
62 The Abcde of Converting Full Patient Simulation to a Virtual Non-Technical Skills Seminar
Authors: Butchers Colin 
Published: January 2022

Due to the pandemic, our undergraduate programme of Interprofessional (IPE) Full Patient Simulation (FPS) 2020–2021 was converted to a virtual human factors seminar using student case scenario footage and a Non-Technical ABCDE Approach Observational Tool (Seale et al. 2020). The IPE FPS programme involves students (n = 960) from medicine, physiotherapy, nursing (adult, child fields) and midwifery with three strands of scenarios covering acute adult, paediatric and obstetric scenarios. To provide meaningful learning without the use of face-to-face simulation, the principles of active learning and directed observation in simulation were applied to create a live online seminar. Using recorded footage of inter-professional discipline students participating in scenarios and the observational tool provided the resources for students to learn about the non-technical skills (NTS) in clinical practice.The aim of the study was to meet IPE graduate outcomes and to explore the significance of human factors in clinical practice.Prior to the online seminar, students were allocated into their scenario groups to prepare notes on the non-technical skills, with directive guidance from an observational tool using an ABCDE approach. Within the seminar, students worked collaboratively in small inter-professional groups to discuss their observations and prepare a presentation, guided by the debrief diamond structure of description, analysis and application Evaluation of findings demonstrated achievement of the key ‘take aways’ associated with live simulation and attainment of learning outcomes (
137 Simulated Surgical Assessment Unit – A Quality Improvement Project to Increase Medical Student Confidence In Assessment and Management of Acute Surgical Conditions Through High-Fidelity Simulation
Authors: Aziz Sumaiya , Ali Ayaa , Satheesan Steve 
Published: January 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in limited opportunities for medical students to assess patients in the Surgical Assessment Unit (SAU) at an acute teaching hospital. Inadequate exposure to acute surgical conditions affected student-reported confidence and preparedness for Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE). We hypothesized that simulation-based teaching during the pandemic could supplement disrupted learning The aim of the study was to address the quality dimension of patient safety. This Quality Improvement Project (QIP) was designed to increase student confidence by 50% in the assessment and management of acute surgical conditions, and preparedness for OSCE.The educational intervention ‘Simulated SAU’, consisting of scenarios based on common acute surgical presentations, was co-designed with project champion, placement lead, teaching fellows and medical education department, utilizing transformational leadership. Model for improvement approach was utilized with Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) cycles. During the first PDSA cycle, intervention was delivered over 3-hour sessions in March 2021 to 12 third-year medical students, through the use of simulated patients. The second cycle encompassed integration of learning points including amended scenario and debrief timings, and improved questionnaires, delivered in April 2021 to a further 11 third-year medical students. Students completed paired 14-item pre- and post-intervention paper questionnaires consisting of 5-point Likert scale questions on confidence and preparedness. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used for statistical analysis, with a p-value of <0.05 considered statistically significant.During the first cycle, student-reported median confidence in assessment increased by 50% (p = 0.01), and in management by 66.7% (p = 0.02). Students felt 50% more prepared for OSCE assessment (p = 0.02). During second cycle, median confidence in assessment increased by 100% (p = 0.003), in management by 100% (p = 0.004), and students felt 50% more prepared for OSCE assessment (p = 0.015). 100% of students felt simulated SAU is useful and future sessions would further enhance surgical learning.The QIP achieved its aim to increase student confidence with statistically significant differences, through a high-fidelity simulation intervention. Through QI methodology and leadership for improvement, this QIP has successfully bridged the educational gap resulting from the pandemic, with emphasis on delivering safe patient care. Next steps encompass integration of learning points over the following PDSA cycle, engagement of new staff and resource sharing for future implementation and sustainability. Simulated SAU intervention is low-cost, requires minimal staff and is simple to deliver, hence has the potential to become integrated within medical education across numerous educational settings and enhance patient safety.
163 Go Big or Go Home: The Use of Large-Scale Simulation
Authors: Browne Emily , Natalello Joseph 
Published: January 2022

In 2019, we carried out our first experimental large-scale simulation exercise with great success. The initial findings of the study were presented at ASPiH 2019. This is an update on our journey using large-scale inter-professional simulation (IPE). From our initial simulation, we identified the following key themes: (1) students’ educational expectations; (2) their experience of multi-disciplinary working; (3) the theory to practice gap and (4) gaining experience in a safe environment. From this, we realized that our students needed more of this type of simulation activity and that the hands-off facilitation style that we used helped with learning and preparation for practice. Students responded positively to having to put their leadership skills into practice, learning in a safe environment in a real-time situation, something that, despite great placements, they often felt unable to do in the ‘real world’. This real-time simulation-enhanced innovative thinking and emphasized human factor principles. This type of learning experience promoted learning and working together across the multi-disciplinary field with both qualified and pre-registration students. The impact of working with ‘qualified’ professionals added to the realism of the simulation. We found that the debrief was key in the development of real-time simulation as it was enhanced by good-quality debriefing. Following the initial large-scale simulation, we planned and delivered two more events before COVID-19 prevented us from continuing. Both were large-scale events, but we made adaptations each time to enhance the students’ learning experience. What we have managed to achieve over the lockdown period is to plan and prepare for further events and, in hindsight, this has better prepared us. So, what have we done in this period of enforced distancing? We have gone through a period of change management to align all our curriculum to being simulation-based, and have developed and implemented a framework for the integration of skills and simulation. We have sent (nearly) all our lecturing staff from across our courses, nursing, operating department practitioner, midwifery, paramedic, trainee nursing associate and social work on a simulation train the trainer course to understand the pedagogy and discipline that is the backbone of simulation. This has been a great success and has generated a lot of inter-professional conversations and development of simulation. We have designed and developed a large-scale simulation that can be run in a COVID compliant way.