bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Morphology aware data augmentation with neural language models for online hybrid ASR
Authors: Tarján Balázs , Fegyó Tibor , Mihajlik Péter 
Published: November 2022

AbstractRecognition of Hungarian conversational telephone speech is challenging due to the informal style and morphological richness of the language. Neural Network Language Models (NNLMs) can provide remedy for the high perplexity of the task; however, their high complexity makes them very difficult to apply in the first (single) pass of an online system. Recent studies showed that a considerable part of the knowledge of NNLMs can be transferred to traditional n-grams by using neural text generation based data augmentation. Data augmentation with NNLMs works well for isolating languages; however, we show that it causes a vocabulary explosion in a morphologically rich language. Therefore, we propose a new, morphology aware neural text augmentation method, where we retokenize the generated text into statistically derived subwords. We compare the performance of word-based and subword-based data augmentation techniques with recurrent and Transformer language models and show that subword-based methods can significantly improve the Word Error Rate (WER) while greatly reducing vocabulary size and memory requirements. Combining subword-based modeling and neural language model-based data augmentation, we were able to achieve 11% relative WER reduction and preserve real-time operation of our conversational telephone speech recognition system. Finally, we also demonstrate that subword-based neural text augmentation outperforms the word-based approach not only in terms of overall WER but also in recognition of Out-of-Vocabulary (OOV) words.
Nominal groups in deaf and hearing students’ narratives: A functional perspective
Authors: Manar Marsandi 
Published: November 2022

Understanding the language aspect of deaf students in reference to their hearing counterparts plays a salient role in providing language teaching and learning treatment for the former. As the initial effort to contribute to the language pedagogy for individuals with deafness, this study reveals the patterns of nominal groups in the Indonesian narratives of four deaf senior high school students and four hearing students of the same level. A qualitative text analysis was adopted as the research design to investigate the nominal group patterns in both data sets. Eight narratives about “being chased by a dog” were first identified in terms of their schematic structure. Then the ‘things’ or ‘participants’ in the stories were analysed based on the experiential nominal group framework of Halliday and Matthiessen (2004), consisting of Deictic, Numerative, Epithet, Classifier, Thing, and Qualifier. The analysis of nominal group patterns shows that ‘participants’ in the four stories of deaf writers were most frequently represented with Thing only (76.9%), Thing + Deictic (17.9%), Thing + Qualifier (3.8%), and Thing + Epithet (1.3%). In the compositions of their hearing peers, five other patterns were also employed, including those with three constituents like Thing + Deictic + Qualifier. The findings of this study hint at the simplified nature of deaf students’ nominal groups. In narratives, complex nominal group patterns contribute to representing things specifically. It is expected that further treatment can be provided to assist deaf students in making meaning of their narratives functionally, for example, by using complex nominal group patterns.
Estimates of the ground accelerations at Point Reyes Station during the 1906 San Francisco earthquake
Authors: Anooshehpoor Abdolrasool , Heaton Thomas H. , Shi Baoping , Brune James N. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We have developed an analytical solution for the rocking and overturning response of a two-dimensional, symmetric rigid block subject to a full sine wave of horizontal ground acceleration. We use this solution to provide lower-bound estimates of the peak ground acceleration at Point Reyes Station, California, during the 1906 San Francisco earthquake that toppled the San Francisco-bound train. Our results, for a 3% damping ratio, indicate that for a single cycle of a sine wave the minimum toppling accelerations at 1, 1.5, and 2 Hz are 0.35g, 0.5g, and 1.05g, respectively. For more realistic accelerograms the toppling accelerations are about 1.1g (complex synthetic) and 0.76g (Lucerne record of the 1992 Landers earthquake).
Multimodal function optimization with a niching genetic algorithm: A seismological example
Authors: Koper Keith D. , Wysession Michael E. , Wiens Douglas A. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We present a variant of a traditional genetic algorithm, known as a niching genetic algorithm (NGA), which is effective at multimodal function optimization. Such an algorithm is useful for geophysical inverse problems that contain more than one distinct solution. We illustrate the utility of an NGA via a multimodal seismological inverse problem: the inversion of teleseismic body waves for the source parameters of the MW 7.2 Kuril Islands event of 2 February 1996. We assume the source to be a pure double-couple event and so parametrize our models in terms of strike, dip, and slip, guaranteeing that two global minima exist, one of which represents the fault plane and the other the auxiliary plane. We use ray theory to compute the fundamental P and SH synthetic seismograms for a given source-receiver geometry; the synthetics for an arbitrary fault orientation are produced by taking linear combinations of these fundamentals, yielding a computationally fast forward problem. The NGA is successful at determining that two major solutions exist and at maintaining the solutions in a steady state. Several inferior solutions representing local minima of the objective function are found as well. The two best focal solutions we find for the Kuril Islands event are very nearly conjugate planes and are consistent with the focal planes reported by the Harvard CMT project. The solutions indicate thrust movement on a moderately dipping fault—a source typical of the convergent margin near the Kuril Islands.
Crustal deformation processes and the stability of the Gutenberg-Richter relationship
Authors: Wesnousky Steven G. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractGlobal and regional surveys of earthquakes show that empirically determined b-values of the Gutenberg-Richter distribution are remarkably stable, generally limited to values of −1 ± 0.2. Here I interpret observations from California, New Zealand, and Japan to suggest that the stability of the b-value is a manifestation of a physical process; specifically, the tendency of crustal strains to organize along relatively discrete zones. Given a portion of the earth's crust subject to a displacement field, displacement is accommodated by a system of fault lengths that obey a power law distribution. With continued displacement, longer faults develop at the expense of shorter faults and take up an increasingly greater portion of the displacement budget. Shifts in regional displacement directions lead to reversals of these trends. The changes in the ratio of long faults to short faults in a region is thus accompanied by changes in the relationship between fault length and fault slip rate. Because the recurrence of earthquakes on faults is a function of both fault length and fault slip rate, the deformation process may result in a system of feedback that inhibits changes in the b-value as fault populations change. A corollary to the idea is that the magnitude-frequency statistics of seismicity may be attributed to the same physical processes that are responsible for the development of plate tectonic boundaries and the gross spatial distribution of seismicity around the globe.
Judicial Preview sebagai Mekanisme Penakaran Konstitusionalitas Rancangan Undang-Undang
Authors: Yulianto Alfian 
Published: November 2022

Judicial preview adalah suatu mekanisme pengujian konstitusionalitas suatu produk hukum yang belum di sahkan sebagai undang-undang sebagai upaya untuk menjaga kualitas dan konstitusionalitas suatu produk hukum. Fokus dari skripsi ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah judicial preview layak untuk diberlakukan di Indonesia. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kepustakaan (library reasearch) yang menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan bersifat diskriptif anailitis. yaitu dengan studi kepustakaan berupa mengumpulkan data sekunder dengan bahan-bahan tulisan baik berupa peraturan perundang-undangan serta literatur-literatur terkait dengan pengujian peraturan perundang-undangan. Temuan dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa judicial preview layak diberlakukan di Indonesia. guna membenahi dan meningkatkan kualitas produk hukum di Indonesia, Untuk meningkatkan kualitas dan konsistensi suatu undang-undang terhadap konstitusi sekaligus sebagai kontrol atas kinerja DPR serta co-legislator lainnya, maka perlu diadakan perubahan dalam mekanisme legislasi baru di Indonesia, dan mekanisme tersebut dapat dilakukan dengan penambahan konsep judicial preview dalam proses legislasi di Indonesia. melihat banyaknya problematika yang terjadi di dalam pembentukan undang-undang di Indonesia, mulai dari kepentingan yang tidak untuk kepentingan umum sampai kurang medalamnya pemahaman dan pengimplementasian konstitusi oleh pembuat undang-undang maka dangat tepat jika diberlakukan Judicial preview. Dalam memasukkan judicial preview kedalam mekanisme legislasi di Indonesia, yakni ketika telah terbentuknya kesepakatan antara DPR dengan Presiden maka pimpinan DPR mengajukan judicial preview ke Mahkamah Konstitusi untuk menguji konstitusionalitas suatu rancangan undang-undang. Kemudian setelah Mahkamah Konstitusi menyatakan suatu rancangan undang-undang tersebut sesuai dengan konstitusi, maka baru DPR bersama dengan Presiden menandatangani pengesahan undang-undang tersebut.
Implementation of Women Representatives in Regional Legislative Election in Salatiga 2019 (Study of the Gerindra Party and the Nasdem Party)
Authors: Ayuningsih Ambar 
Published: November 2022

Political parties, as a democratic institution, have a strategic role in empowering women in politics. One of the crucial roles of the party is to guide women party cadres to be prepared to become qualified women cadres and, at the same time to boost women representation in politics, especially in the legislative body. Women representation in politics is needed because society needs to have balanced views between the needs of men and women. Besides, the formulated public policy must also represent the interests of both. This type of research is qualitative research as a socio-legal research by expressing symptoms thoroughly and by the context through collecting data from the field and interacting directly with the two parties in the City of Salatiga, namely the Gerindra Party and the Nasdem Party, as well as candidates women from both parties. The policy adopted by the Gerindra Party and the Nasdem Party by applying the open and closed recruitment method has resulted in the fulfillment of a 30% quota for women’s representation so that the implication of the Gerindra and Nasdem Party legislative candidates has been determined as a permanent candidate in the 2019 concurrent elections.
Mekanisme Pemakzulan (Impeachment) Presiden: Studi Pebandingan Negara Indonesia dan Brasil
Authors: Prabowo Edi 
Published: November 2022

Impeachment is the process of dismissing a president from his position. In this case, Indonesia and Brazil are countries that adhere to a presidential system of government, and have dismissed the president, so it is interesting to study more closely the similarities and differences in the reasons a president can be impeached and the mechanism for impeachment of presidents in both countries. the. This study uses a normative juridical approach and with descriptive analysis research specifications. The data used is data in the form of secondary and tertiary materials collected by document study techniques. In this study the authors used qualitative data analysis methods. The collected data is then processed and arranged systematically for further descriptive presentation.Departing from a different constitutional system, the reasons and mechanisms for impeachment for the president are also different. Thereasons for the impeachment of the president must be in accordancewith the constitution as the highest law, where in Indonesia it is regulated in Article 7A of the 1945 NRI Constitution, while in Brazil it is regulated in Art. 85 Brazil's 1988 Constitution. The impeachment mechanism for the president in Indonesia involves 3 (three) state institutions, namely the House of Representatives (DPR), the Constitutional Court (MK) and the People's Consultative Assembly (MPR). The mechanism starts with the right to express an opinion by the DPR, then the opinion of the DPR is assessed by the Constitutional Court. If the Constitutional Court confirms the DPR's opinion, the decision is forwarded to the MPR to be brought to the Plenary Session. And in the trial the MPR decision was a political decision (politieke beslessing).Likewise, impeachment in Brazil involves 3 (three) state institutions, namely the Council of Deputies, the Supreme Court and the Senate. The mechanism starts from the initiation of the Council of Deputies, then the Council of Deputies to form a Congressional Committee to investigate, if it is justified it will be brought to full trial. The Council of Deputies is then brought before the Senate which has full authority, led by the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court. The results of the decisions of the Senate are semi-justicial decisions. The punishment of the impeachment decision in Indonesia is to stop serving as President while Brazil is to stop serving as president and the punishment for not serving as a public official for a period of 8 years. So that the difference between the two state mechanisms lies in the nature of the impeachment decision and the punishment of the impeachment decision.
PARLIAMENTARY THRESHOLD IN CONSTITUTIONAL ELECTION IN 2019 (PHILOSOPHICAL REVIEW OF THE PRINCIPLES OF PEOPLE SOVEREIGNTY)
Authors: Maftuh Muhammad Aziz 
Published: November 2022

The 2019 Election leaves a problem with the people sovereignty in Indonesia, especially in the concept of the parliamentary threshold which is enforced at 4%. There are millions of legitimate votes that were wasted and did not convert into parliament because the party did not pass the threshold. The focus of this study is about the concept of parliamentary threshold in 2019 election which is reviewed from the people's sovereignty. This research is a library research (literature study) and employs a qualitative approach based on theoretical views and is reviewed from philosophical studies. The data is collected tin the form of documentation from various books and scientific works related to this research. Based on the results, the concept of PT in the 2019 election resulted in the occurrence of wasted votes from valid votes so that millions of valid votes originating from the people's sovereignty were wasted. All new parties and small parties have very little chance of getting into parliament to voice the aspirations of their people. The disproportionality between the votes and the number of seats acquired becomes the reason that the concept of the parliamentary threshold in the 2019 elections is against the people's sovereignty.
JUAL BELI PADI TEBASAN DENGAN SISTEM CENGKLONG KAJIAN: PERSPEKTIF MASHLAHAH MURSALAH
Authors: Lionika Deby , Nastangin Nastangin 
Published: November 2022

The sale and purchase of slashed rice with the cengklong system in Sranten Village, Karanggede District, Boyolali Regency is carried out by farmers and slashers where in the sale and purchase there is a price change that has been agreed at the beginning. This price change occurred due to the quality of rice is not good so that after all the rice was cut down and weighed the results did not match the initial prediction. Therefore, the slasher mencengklong the farmer's rice price that had been agreed at the beginning. The type of this research is field research, using a qualitative descriptive method with an empirical juridical approach. The theory used in this research is maslahah mursalah. Data collection techniques with the method of observation, interviews and documentation. The results of this research are the sale and purchase of slashed rice with the cengklong system in Sraten Village, Karanggede District, Boyolali Regency, the perspective of mashlahah mursalah has more benefits than madharot. The benefits are that the slasher can help farmers to buy their rice quickly, farmers don't need to rent rice cutting tools, the services of people to pick rice and transportation costs are all from the slasher, farmers can help the slasher by buying the rice and then selling it back to selep (the rice grinder) place, if there is a problem or madharat regarding the price of rice in cengklong slasher and farmers resolve it amicably and through deliberation so that they are mutually pleased with each other.
PEMBUBARAN LEMBAGA NEGARA NON STRUKTURAL DALAM PERATURAN PRESIDEN NO.112 TAHUN 2020 PERSPEKTIF RESTRUKTURISASI BIROKRASI
Authors: Alvanita Putri 
Published: November 2022

Abstract: Based on Presidential Regulation No. 112 of 2020, there were 10 non-structural state institutions that were disbanded with the aim of increasing the effectiveness and efficiency of implementing government affairs and national development strategies, so it is interesting to examine from the perspective of Bureaucratic Restructuring because this theory includes institutional structural reforms. The research method used in this research is qualitative research using a normative juridical approach, namely conducting research using literature or research on legal principles. From the results of this study, it is stated that (1) The main reason for the dissolution of non-structural state institutions according to Presidential Regulation No. 112 of 2020 is an effort to increase the effectiveness and efficiency of the implementation of government work, to achieve development strategy plans and the bureaucracy which is considered too full, (2 ) The position of Non-Structural State Institutions in the constitutional system of the Republic of Indonesia is directly under the leadership of the President of the Republic of Indonesia, (3) The dissolution of Non-Structural State Institutions based on Presidential Regulation No. 112 of 2020 in accordance with the Theory of Bureaucratic Restructuring because it is in line with the form of Bureaucratic Restructuring, namely: Downsizing, Delayering, Decentralizing, Reorganization, Cost Reduction Strategy, and Competency. Where the theory of bureaucratic restructuring in the government system in Indonesia is currently seen as very important to realize a government system that is in accordance with the goals of the Indonesian state.
Parada cardiorrespiratória e cerebral: construção e validação de cenário simulado para enfermagem
Authors: Morais Soares Francisco Mayron , Magalhães Davi Santos , Cândido Duarte Michell Platiny , Dos Santos Almeida Rodrigo Guimarães , Negri Santos Elaine Cristina , De Miranda Francisco Arnoldo Nunes 
Published: November 2022

Objetivo: construir, validar e testar um cenário de simulação clínica para o manejo da parada cardiorrespiratória e cerebral para o ensino de enfermagem. Método: foi realizado design de estudo metodológico de desenvolvimento educacional realizado em três fases: elaboração de cenário simulado sobre parada cardiorrespiratória cerebral, validação do conteúdo e teste do cenário simulado com estudantes de graduação em enfermagem. A análise dos dados se deu pelo Índice de Validade de Conteúdo, considerando-se adequado um valor > 0,90 entre os juízes experts em enfermagem, e o Alfa de Cronbach para determinar a concordância da satisfação e autoconfiança na aprendizagem dos estudantes. Resultados: o cenário de simulação mostrou-se adequado para utilização no processo de ensino e aprendizagem e melhoria das competências cognitivas, comportamentais e psicomotoras, e obteve excelente índice de validação de conteúdo e na testagem do cenário foi considerado satisfatório. Conclusão: considerou-se validado e apto para o uso nas práticas simuladas.
Closed-form expressions to Gompertz-Makeham life expectancies: a historical note
Authors: Souza Filipe Costa de 
Published: November 2022

Results well known in the actuarial community about closed-form expressions to Gompertz and Gompertz-Makeham life expectancies for a person aged x are still being independently rediscovered to this day. This note seeks to acknowledge previous results about closed-form expressions to Gompertz-Makeham life expectancies, especially in the actuarial science field, hoping to stimulate interdisciplinarity and provide the background for further developments, especially since the derivation of closed-form expressions for life expectancy (and annuities) based on particular mortality laws are matters of interest for multiple fields such as actuarial science, biology, demography, statistics among others.
Migração e atividade econômica das esposas de militares da União e de trabalhadores dos setores público e privado no Brasil em 2010
Authors: Targino Pereira Cinthyonara , Silva Corrêa Cristiane , Campos Járvis , Costa José Vilton , Nóbrega Vanessa Viana da 
Published: November 2022

Militares da União podem, como parte de sua função, ter que migrar a cada dois ou três anos. Enquanto a carreira do homem militar é assegurada nessa situação, suas esposas podem não ter estabilidade suficiente para desempenharem suas carreiras no mercado de trabalho. O objetivo do presente estudo é analisar como as migrações e a carreira dos esposos podem afetar a participação das mulheres no mercado de trabalho formal. Para tanto, utilizaram-se modelos logit comparando os resultados para esposas de militares, de outros servidores públicos e de trabalhadores formais do setor privado controlando pelo tempo de migração dos casais, entre outras variáveis. Os resultados mostram que as esposas de militares participam menos do mercado de trabalho formal do que as cônjuges dos demais trabalhadores. As esposas que migraram também têm menor chance de estarem no mercado formal do que as que não migraram, independentemente da atividade do marido, a menos que tenha migrado antes do esposo e o esposo não seja militar. As mulheres de militares têm menores chances de participarem no mercado formal em qualquer situação de tempo de migração, mesmo que tenham migrado antes de seus cônjuges.