bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
El Devónico del Dominio Astur-Leones de la zona Cantábrica (N de España)
Authors: Garcia-Alcalde Jenaro 
Published: March 2022

El Devónico de! Dominio Astur-Leones de la Zona Cantábrica (ZC) carece de facies adecuadas para grupos fósiles útiles en correlaciones a larga distancia. Por ello, la datación y la correlación se han ido cubriendo mediante el uso de intervalos fau­nísticos, similares a los definidos por Johnson en Nevada, basados en braquiópodos. De los 29 intervalos identificados en la ZC, los 6 primeros son extensibles al Dominio Palentino, mientras que los otros son exclusivos de! Dominio Astur-Leones debido a las facies. Las correlaciones son buenas, en general, con Celtiberia y con el Macizo Armoricano en Francia. Duran­te el Devónico, la ZC perteneció a la plataforma del N de Gondwana, cubierta por mares pericontinentales y epicontinentales. La cuenca devónica se dispuso en una gran banda arqueada, paralela a los bordes occidental y sur-occidental del área fuente: el Macizo Cantabro-Ebroico. A lo largo del Período, la ZC se mantuvo en latitudes tropicales australes, derivando hacia el Ecuador, como lo acredita la abundancia de carbonatos y el desarrollo de importantes construcciones arrecifales. La semejan­za faunística con el Macizo Renano y con los Apalaches, creció rapidamente del Emsiense Superior al Frasniense, inclicando el cierre del oceano Reico entre Gondwana y Euroamerica. A partir del Frasniense la cosmopolitización es casi total a nivel generico, aunque se conservan muchas particularidades locales, al específico.
Situación actual de los conocimientos sobre la paleoflora de la comunidad de Madrid
Authors: Álvarez-Ramis Concepción , Fernández-Marrón Teresa 
Published: March 2022

Se enumeran los trabajos paleobotánicos realizados en el marco de una serie de proyectos así como otros coordinados con cen­tros de investigación paleobotânica de Francia (Estrasburgo, Lyon, Marsella y Paris) y Hungría (Szeged). Se sintetizan los resultados obtenidos en las cuatro líneas de investigación abordadas (Paleohistología, Palinología, Paleobio­química y macroflora) y se especula sabre la cronología y medioambiente durante el Cretácico superior y el Mioceno en la Comunidad de Madrid.
Rhizaphyllum Lindstrom, 1866 (Rugosa) del Devónico Inferior (Lochkoviense) en el SE de las Montañas de Tian-Shan (NO de China)
Authors: Soto Francisco , Liao Wiehua 
Published: March 2022

En el presente trabajo se describen varias especies del genero Rhizaphyllum Lindstrom, procedentes de la Formación Arpishmebulaq (Lochkoviense), en el SE de las Montañas de Tian-Shan (provincia de Xinjiang, NO de China). Las descripciones realizadas comprenden cinco especies, de !as cuales Rhizophyllum extensum se propone como nueva, R. sp. A y R. sp. B son también, probablemente, nuevas, pero la falta de material más abundante y mejor conservado hace que ias mantengamos, por el momento, en nomenclatura abierta. R. hedini (Regnell) era conocida solo por su morfología externa y ahora se describen por primera vez sus estructuras internas. Finalmente, R. cf. enorme (Etheridge) no habia sido citada nunca en China y su presencia en el area de Arpishmebulaq confirma relaciones biogeograficas durante el Lochkoviense con los Montes Urales, Salair, Asia Central (Altai) y Este de Australia.
The March Against Onychomycosis: A Systematic Review of the Sanitization Methods for Shoes, Socks, and Textiles
Authors: Gupta Aditya K. , Simkovich Aaron J. , Hall Deanna C. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Drug based treatment of superficial fungal infections, such as onychomycosis, is not the only defense. Sanitization of footwear such as shoes, socks/stockings, and other textiles is integral to the prevention of recurrence, and reduction of spread for superficial fungal mycoses. The goal of this review was to examine the available methods of sanitization for footwear and textiles against superficial fungal infections. A systematic literature search of various sanitization devices and methods that could be applied to footwear and textiles using PubMed, Scopus, and MEDLINE was performed. Fifty-four studies were found relevant to the different methodologies, devices, and techniques of sanitization as it pertains to superficial fungal infections of the feet. These included topics of basic sanitization, antifungal and antimicrobial materials, sanitization chemicals and powder, laundering, ultraviolet, ozone, non-thermal plasma, microwave radiation, essential oils, and natural plant extracts. In management of onychomycosis it is necessary to think beyond treatment of the nail, as infections enter through the skin. Those prone to onychomycosis should examine their environment, including surfaces, shoes, and socks, and ensure that proper sanitization is implemented.
Transcriptome-wide identification and expression analysis of the KT/HAK/KUP family in Salicornia europaea L. under varied NaCl and KCl treatments
Authors: Wei Jia , Tiika Richard John , Cui Guangxin , Ma Yanjun , Yang Hongshan , Duan Huirong 
Published: March 2022

Background
The KT/HAK/KUP (KUP) transporters play important roles in potassium (K+) uptake and translocation, regulation of osmotic potential, salt tolerance, root morphogenesis and plant development. However, the KUP family has not been systematically studied in the typical halophyte Salicornia europaea L., and the specific expression patterns of SeKUPs under NaCl condition and K+ deficiency are unknown.

Methods
In this study, SeKUPs were screened from PacBio transcriptome data of Salicornia europaea L. using bioinformatics. The identification, phylogenetic analysis and prediction of conserved motifs of SeKUPs were extensively explored. Moreover, the expression levels of 24 selected SeKUPs were assayed by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR).

Results
In this study, a total of 24 putative SeKUPs were identified in S. europaea. Nineteen SeKUPs with the fixed domain EA[ML]FADL were used to construct the phylogenetic tree, and they were divided into four clusters (clusters I–IV). MEME analysis identified 10 motifs in S. europaea, and the motif analysis suggested that 19 of the identified SeKUPs had at least four K+ transporter motifs existed in all SeKUPs (with the exception of SeKUP-2). The RT-qPCR analysis showed that the expression levels of most SeKUPs were significantly up-regulated in S. europaea when they were exposed to K+ deficiency and high salinity, implying that these SeKUPs may play a key role in the absorption and transport of K+ and Na+ in S. europaea.

Discussions
Our results laid the foundation for revealing the salt tolerance mechanism of SeKUPs, and provided key candidate genes for further studies on the function of KUP family in S. europaea.
The Effects of Isokinetic and Functional Training on Strength and Ability to Perform Daily Activities in Knee Osteoarthritis Patients
Authors: Subramanian Shenbaga Sundaram , Krasilshchikov Oleksandr , Senthil P. , Gaowgeh Riziq Allah Mustafa , Alfawaz Saad S. , Neamatallah Ziyad 
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Despite the well-known fact that exercises are the effective treatment in OA, exact modalities, amount and types of exercise that would be beneficial and not destructive to the affected joint are unknown and most effective types and combinations of exercise and the amount of those are still unclear. Study objectives included assessing the effects of Isokinetic Training (IT) and Functional Task Training (FT) on the peak torque at various angular velocities, pain, ability to perform daily activities and basic functional mobility in osteoarthritis patients.
Materials and Methods: Eligible 48 patients (considering possible dropouts) who fulfilled the criteria were selected and randomly assigned to isokinetic training (IT) functional training (FT) and control with no exercise (CG) groups to participate in an intervention program involving baseline, mid- (6 weeks) and post- intervention (12 weeks) assessment through isokinetic testing to assess patient’s quadriceps peak torque at 90°/s, 120°/s and 180°/s angular velocities; WOMAC physical function questionnaire to assess patient’s pain, stiffness and ability to perform daily activities; timed up and go test (TUG) to assess subjects’ basic functional mobility.
Results: Both training modalities improved patient’s strength, pain, and ability to perform daily activities and basic functional mobility with significant improvements at mid- and post-tests as compared to controls. FT group has equaled IT group in strength gains at every tested angular velocity, FT group was significantly superior in physical function.
Conclusion: Both interventions brought significant improvements in studied variables with FT group emerging superior in physical function domain.
Multi-Detector Computed Tomography for Evaluating Characteristics, Distribution and Extension of Mediastinal Masses
Authors: Jayprakash Bhansali Pratik , Guru Bhushita Nilesh , Dhande Rajasbala Pradeep 
Published: March 2022

Background: The area in the thorax between the lungs is Mediastinum which is surrounded above by thoracic inlet, in front by sternum, below by diaphragm, back by vertebral column laterally by pleura of both lungs. Multiple classification systems are used by doctors. Shields classification system is most commonly used, however the conventional Fraser and Paré, Felson, and other categorization are in daily use in radiology. The present schemes used in practice of radiology is more of nonanatomic divisions based primarily on the chest radiograph. So a typical classification based on multi detector CT is demanded to describe mediastinum and make to the purpose differential diagnoses. This study aims to assess characteristics, distribution and extension of Mediastinal masses by MDCT and correlate the histopathological diagnosis to CT scan findings.
Methodology: This will be a prospective study conducted at AVBRH, Wardha. Total 100 patients with Mediastinal Masses diagnosed clinically and on Chest X ray will be enrolled in the study. Contrast CT scan of all patients will be done. Histopathology reports of masses (FNAC/Biopsy) will be collected.
Results: Significant accuracy of mediastinal CT in diagnosing the mediastinal masses and a significant corelation to FNAC/biopsy reports is expected.
Conclusion: MDCT will prove to be an useful evaluation method for diagnosis and classification of mediastinal masses.
Use of Systemic Doxycycline as An Adjunct to Initial Periodontal Therapy in Mild to Moderate Generalized Periodontitis: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Rabi Hakam , Assaf Mohammad 
Published: March 2022

Background: Antibiotics like doxycycline can show an anti-bacterial effect which can reduce the bacterial load and promote healing in patients with chronic periodontitis.
Aim: To evaluate the use of doxycycline as an adjunct to initial periodontal therapy in mild to moderate periodontitis.
Materials and Methods: Randomized controlled clinical trial was done on 24 patients. Plaque index score, bleeding on probing, periodontal pocket depth and attachment loss was evaluated at six-week and twelve-week intervals after treatment with systemic doxycycline along with deep scaling and placebo medication with deep scaling. Data obtained was analyzed using SPSS software version 22. T-test was used to compare results between the two groups.
Results: Independent T-test shows statistically significant reduction in plaque index score, bleeding on probing, periodontal pocket depth at six-week interval in doxycycline group as compared to the control group with deep scaling alone. There was a statistically significant gain in the attachment level at six-week interval in doxycycline group than initial periodontal therapy alone. This result was not statistically significant at the twelve-week interval.
Conclusion: The study shows doxycycline as a good adjunct to initial periodontal therapy; however, more studies are required to obtain strong evidence.
Measurement issues in empirical research: improving measures of operations strategy and advanced manufacturing technology
Authors: Boyer Kenneth K , Pagell Mark 
Published: July 2002

AbstractOur objective in this paper is to examine measures used in survey‐based research in operations management. Specifically, we examine measures commonly used to assess operations strategy and advanced manufacturing technology in survey‐based research. Examining two measures provides the ability to examine problems common to many of the measures used in operations management research. In addition, the two measures are addressing two different levels of strategic analysis: competitive priorities and a specific structural decision that (should) support these priorities. This should give us a broader understanding of the measurement issues we are facing as a field. We argue that while many of the commonly employed measures display many worthwhile properties, further refinement of measures and methods is needed to improve the field as a whole. Suggestions to improve measures and methods used in the field are then offered.
Differences in the pathogenesis of bacteria isolated from contact‐lens‐induced infiltrative conditions
Authors: Willcox Mark D P , Hume Emma B H 
Published: July 2002

Purpose:The purpose of this study was to examine the ability of Gram‐negative bacteria isolated from the non‐infectious condition contact‐lens‐induced acute red eye (CLARE) and infectious microbial keratitis (MK) to infect the eyes of mice.Methods:One cornea of BALB/c mice was scratched with a needle and 5 × 106bacteria applied. Bacterial types used werePseudomonas aeruginosa, Haemophilus influenzae, Serratia marcescens, Stenotrophomonas maltophiliaandAeromonas hydrophilia. The mice were killed after 1, 4 and 24 h and examined by slit lamp, histology and microbiology.Results:CLARE strains were unable to infect the mouse corneas. The eyes inoculated with the CLARE strains had low levels of polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMN) in the stroma. All eyes that had MK contained bacteria and large numbers of PMN after 24 h.Conclusions:The development of CLARE or MK is dependent on the type of bacteria with specific bacterial types being responsible for CLARE or MK.
SURGICAL ADHESIONS: EVIDENCE FOR ADSORPTION OF SURFACTANT TO PERITONEAL MESOTHELIUM
Authors: Chen Y. , Hills B. A. 
Published: July 2002

Background: It has been speculated that the formation of surgical adhesions must be preceded by physical adhesion of the two surfaces, a process normally prevented by a lining of adsorbed surface‐active phospholipid (surfactant) acting as both a superb boundary (solid‐to‐solid) lubricant and a release (antistick) agent. Animal trials administering exogenous surfactant as a dry powder (ALEC™) have previously demonstrated a reduction of 80% in abdominal adhesions. Methods: Incubation of rat peritoneum (both live and excised) with radiolabelled dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine (DPPC) has been used to demonstrate adsorption; while the normal lining of surfactant in the human abdominal cavity has been confirmed by epifluorescence microscopy using Phosphin E as the hydrophobic probe. Aims: The overall aim is to confirm that peritoneal mesothelium has a lining of surfactant known for its lubricating and release properties, and that this lining can be enhanced by the adsorption of exogenous material. Results: Adsorption of DPPC to peritoneal mesothelium was 470 ng/cm
2 (n = 8) ex vivo and 598 ng/cm
2 (n = 18) in vivo, these rates being enhanced by EggPG by 62%ex vivo and 47%in vivo to reach the equivalent of almost three close‐packed monolayers. Conclusions: These results can explain the reduction in surgical adhesions previously reported in animals by administering ALEC™ (7:3 DPPC:EggPG) as a highly surface‐active dry powder, although it is now used in saline suspension to treat respiratory distress syndrome in newborns, in whom it has no side‐effects. These findings would appear to justify clinical trials for dry ALEC™ in suppressing surgical adhesions with minimal risk of an adverse reaction. The results of these trials are also discussed and found to be compatible with the known ability of surfactant to resist physical adhesion by fibronectin, the tacky ‘glue’ by which fibroblasts attach to surfaces as the first step in formation of fibrinous adhesions.
Effect of ageing and diabetes on glucose‐dependent insulinotropic polypeptide and dipeptidyl peptidase IV responses to oral glucose
Authors: Meneilly G. S. , Demuth H. ‐U. , McIntosh C. H. S. , Pederson R. A. 
Published: July 2002

Summary Aims Glucose‐dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) acts on the pancreas to potentiate glucose‐induced insulin secretion (enteroinsular axis). GIP is rapidly inactivated in vivo by the enzyme dipeptidyl dipeptidase IV (DPP‐IV). The current studies were designed to examine the effect of ageing, obesity and diabetes on GIP and DPP‐IV responses to oral glucose. Methods Healthy controls (nine middle‐aged, age 42 ± 2 years, body mass index (BMI) 33 ± 1 kg/m2; nine elderly, age 71 ± 1 years, BMI 30 ± 1 kg/m2) and patients with Type 2 diabetes (12 middle‐aged, age 44 ± 2 years, BMI 34 ± 2 kg/m2; 19 elderly, age 74 ± 1 years, BMI 31 ± 1 kg/m2) underwent a 3‐h oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) (glucose dose 40 g/m2). Results Insulin responses were similar in elderly controls and patients with diabetes, but were lower in middle‐aged patients with diabetes than in controls (308 ± 65 vs. 640 ± 109 p
M, P < 0.05). GIP responses were similar in controls and patients with diabetes in each age group, but were higher in elderly controls (middle‐aged 45 ± 13; elderly 112 ± 13 p
M, P < 0.01) and patients with diabetes (middle‐aged 55 ± 10; elderly 99 ± 10 p
M, P < 0.01). DPP‐IV levels were lower in patients with diabetes in both middle‐aged (control 0.241 ± 0.015; diabetes 0.179 ± 0.017 ΔOD/20 min, P < 0.05) and elderly groups (control 0.223 ± 0.019; diabetes 0.173 ± 0.010 ΔOD/20 min, P < 0.05). Conclusions It was concluded that ageing in obese subjects is associated with enhanced GIP responses to oral glucose. In addition, DPP‐IV activity is reduced in middle‐aged and elderly obese patients with diabetes.
Plasma lipids and urinary albumin excretion rate in Type 1 diabetes mellitus: the EURODIAB IDDM Complications Study
Authors: Mattock M. B. , Cronin N. , Cavallo‐Perin P. , Idzior‐Walus B. , Penno G. , Bandinelli S. , Standl E. , Kofinis A. , Fuller J. H. , The Eurodiab Iddm Complications Study Group  
Published: July 2002

SUMMARY Aims  To examine the relationship between increased urinary albumin excretion rate and fasting plasma lipids among male and female respondents to the EURODIAB IDDM Complications Study, and attempt to explain inconsistencies in previous reports.Methods  A cross‐sectional study of 3250 randomly selected Type 1 diabetic patients from 31 diabetes clinics in 16 European countries was carried out between 1989 and 1990. Plasma lipids and urinary albumin were measured centrally. The present analysis was confined to the subgroup of 2205 patients attending after a 10–12 h overnight fast. Mean age was 33 years (sd 10) and mean duration of Type 1 diabetes mellitus was 15 years (sd 9).Results  The prevalence of microalbuminuria (24‐h urinary albumin excretion rate 20–200 μg/min) was 21.7% (95% confidence interval 19.9–23.5) and macroalbuminuria (24‐h urinary albumin excretion rate > 200 μg/min) 7.8% (6.6–9.0). In comparison to patients with normal urinary albumin excretion rate (< 20 μg/min), and after controlling for age, sex, glycaemic control, duration of diabetes and current smoking, macroalbuminuria was associated with significantly (P < 0.01) increased fasting plasma triglycerides, cholesterol, LDL‐cholesterol, cholesterol:HDL‐cholesterol ratio and, in women, reduced HDL‐cholesterol. In men and women with microalbuminuria, the only significant association was with increased plasma triglycerides.Conclusions  These data confirm that there is an association between fasting plasma lipids and increasing urinary albumin excretion rate in European Type 1 diabetic patients. In microalbuminuric patients, however, the association was weaker than previously reported and partly explained by confounding factors.
Characteristic patterns of circadian variation in plasma catecholamine levels, blood pressure and heart rate variability in Type 2 diabetic patients
Authors: Kondo K. , Matsubara T. , Nakamura J. , Hotta N. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractAims To investigate whether Type 2 diabetic patients exhibit characteristic patterns of circadian variation in plasma levels of catecholamines, blood pressure (BP) and heart rate variability (HRV).Methods Ten Type 2 diabetic and eight control in‐patients were studied. Blood for catecholamine measurement was collected every 4 h, and non‐invasive ambulatory BP and heart rate were monitored throughout the day. HRV was determined using frequency domain methods.Results Diabetic patients showed a different pattern of circadian variation in BP and HRV from that of controls, the diurnal‐nocturnal differences (D‐N) being significantly smaller. The mean 24‐h HRV levels were reduced in diabetic subjects. The mean 24‐h plasma noradrenaline level of 1.36 ± 0.12 nmol/l in diabetic patients was significantly lower than the 2.03 ± 0.20 nmol/l in controls (P < 0.01). In contrast, no significant difference in adrenaline levels was observed. The mean 24‐h plasma noradrenaline level demonstrated a significant positive correlation with D‐N in systolic BP (r = 0.49, P = 0.0153).Conclusions The present study demonstrated distinctive patterns of circadian variation in plasma noradrenaline level, BP and HRV in Type 2 diabetic patients, associated with an abnormal circadian pattern of sympathovagal modulation.
Occupational exposure to optical radiation and the ocular health status of glassblowers*
Authors: Oriowo Olanrewaju M. , Chou B. Ralph , Cullen Anthony P. , Robinson Barbara E. 
Published: July 2002

SummaryThe occupational radiation exposure levels and the ocular health status of a sample of glass‐blowers in southern Ontario were evaluated. The form of ocular protection was also assessed. Measurements of radiant emissions from different molten glass materials were carried out. A total of six glassblowing installations, 15 glassblowers and 42 non‐glassblowers participated in the study. The spectral transmittances of samples of the protective lenses were obtained. Tonometry, biomicroscopy, ophthalmoscopy, pachometry. Schirmer tear test, endothelial photography were completed on all the volunteering subjects. The glassblowers' ocular findings were compared to those of non‐glassblowers. No indication of cataract was observed among this group of glassblowers. Although, a preponderance of grade 2 polymegethism among the glass‐blowers (47% compared to 11% in non‐glassblowers) was found, there was no significant difference in their ocular health. Variation in the corneal irradiance from occupational exposure was obtained, and in addition, the use of protective lenses was found to be inappropriate. In order to prevent against any long‐term chronic pathologic effect, the use of appropriate ocular protection is advised.