bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Severity of Pancreatic Leak in Relation to Gut Restoration After Pancreaticoduodenectomy
Authors: Smyrniotis Vasileios , Parasyris Stavros , Gemenetzis Georgios , Margaris Ioannis , Petropoulou Zoe , Papadoliopoulou Maria , Sidiropoulos Theodoros , Dellaportas Dionysios , Vezakis Antonios , Polydorou Andreas , Kokoropoulos Panagiotis , Theodoraki Kassiani , Matsota Paraskevi , Vassiliu Panteleimon , Arkadopoulos Nikolaos 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Pancreatic leak after pancreaticoduodenectomy and gut restoration via a single jejunal loop remains the crucial predictor of patients’ outcome. Our reasoning that active pancreatic enzymes may be more disruptive to the pancreatojejunostomy prompted us to explore a Roux-en-Y configuration for the gut restoration, anticipating diversion of bile salts away from the pancreatic stump. Our study aims at comparing two techniques regarding the severity of postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) and patients’ outcome.

Methods:
The files of 415 pancreaticoduodenectomy patients were retrospectively reviewed. Based on gut restoration, the patients were divided into: cohort A (n = 105), with gut restoration via a single jejunal loop, cohort B (n = 140) via a Roux-en-Y technique assigning the draining of pancreatic stump to the short limb and gastrojejunostomy and bile (hepaticojejunostomy) flow to long limb, and cohort C (n = 170) granting the short limb to the gastric and pancreatic anastomosis, whereas hepaticojejunostomy was performed to the long limp. The POPF-related morbidity and mortality were analyzed.

Results:
Overall POPF in cohort A versus cohorts B and C was 19% versus 12.1% and 9.4%, respectively (P = 0.01 A vs B + C). POPF-related morbidity in cohort A versus cohorts B and C was 10.5% versus 7.3% and 6.3%, respectively (P = 0.03 A vs B+C). POPF-related total hospital mortality in cohorts A versus B and C was 1.9% versus 0.8% and 0.59%, respectively (P = 0.02 A vs B+C).

Conclusion:
Roux-en-Y configuration showed lower incidence and severity of POPF. Irrespective of technical skill, creating a gastrojejunostomy close to pancreatojejunostomy renders the pancreatic enzymes less active by leaping the bile salts away from the pancreatic duct and providing a lower pH.
Estimating Skeletal Maturity Using Wrist Radiographs During Preadolescence: The Epiphyseal:Metaphyseal Ratio
Authors: Huang Lauren F. , Furdock Ryan J. , Uli Naveen , Liu Raymond W. 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Although skeletal maturity is most relevant during adolescence, it has utility in treatment of younger patients in some circumstances, such as scoliosis, limb length discrepancy, or endocrinopathies. Currently, a quick, accurate, and reproducible method of estimating skeletal maturity in preadolescents using wrist radiographs is lacking.

Methods:
Serial anteroposterior wrist radiographs taken at historical growth study visits leading up to the chronological age (CA) associated with 90% of the final height (an enhanced skeletal maturity standard as compared with peak height velocity) were analyzed in 102 children. Epiphyseal and metaphyseal widths of 5 physes were evaluated: distal radius, distal ulna, first metacarpal, third metacarpal, and fifth metacarpal. Ulnar styloid height and radial styloid height were also measured, for a total of 7 epiphyseal:metaphyseal radiographic parameters. Greulich and Pyle (GP) bone age was also measured. A combination of stepwise linear regression and generalized estimating equation analyses was used to produce a skeletal maturity estimation model incorporating demographics (CA and sex) and the epiphyseal:metaphyseal ratios significantly correlated with skeletal maturity.

Results:
A total of 273 left anteroposterior hand-wrist radiographs from 56 girls (163 radiographs, range 4 to 13 y) and 46 boys (112 radiographs, range 3.8 to 15 y) were included. The demographics+ratios model had better prediction accuracy than GP only and GP with demographics (0.44, 0.87, and 0.47 y mean discrepancy from actual skeletal age, P<0.05 for both comparisons). There was no significant difference in the rate of outlier skeletal age estimates, defined as an estimate >1 year off from the true skeletal age, between the demographics+ratios model and the demographics+GP model (5.9% vs. 8.4%, P=0.12).

Conclusions:
When combined with CA and sex data, measurement of the epiphyseal:metaphyseal ratios of the left first and third metacarpals allows for improved skeletal maturity estimation compared with the GP technique.

Clinical Relevance:
Our modified wrist skeletal maturity system offers a relatively quick and reproducible method for estimating skeletal maturity extending into the juvenile age range. This study is a level III retrospective study of longitudinal human growth data obtained from the Bolton Brush Collection in Cleveland, Ohio.
Treatment of STAT5b-RARA positive acute promyelocytic leukemia by Venetoclax combining with homoharringtonine, cytarabine: A case report and literature review
Authors: Zhang Guangji , Song Yang , Wan Li , Liu Kaiqi , Qiu Shaowei , Wang Jianxiang , Mi Yingchang 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Introduction:
Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is mostly due to the chromosome translocation t (15; 17) (q22; q12), leading to the formation of PML-RARA fusion protein. Some patients carried rare translocation involving RARA gene, who were called variant APL caused by RAR family (RARA, RARB, and RARG) and partner genes. STAT5b-RARA was a rare type of molecular genetic abnormality with unfavorable prognosis which have been reported in only 18 cases in variant APL. Knowledge of STAT5b-RARA (+) APL treatment is still limited.

Case report:
We presented a 38-year-old female variant APL case, who was STAT5b-RARA positive detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The patient failed to respond after four-drug combined induction chemotherapy: idarubicin, cytarabine, all trans retinoic acid, and arsenic trioxide (As2O3). Then, the patient was re-induced with azacytidine, but still failed to achieve complete remission (CR). Next, she was treated with Venetoclax combining with homoharringtonine and cytarabine as the salvage therapy and achieved CR. Later, the patient received hematopoietic stem cell transplantation after 4 cycles of consolidation therapy.

Conclusion:
Venetoclax combining with homoharringtonine and cytarabine has been used as the salvage therapy in the STAT5b-RARA positive APL successfully.
EFFICIENCY OF LASER PHOTOCOAGULATION ON THE PREVENTION OF RETINAL DETACHMENT IN ACUTE RETINAL NECROSIS
Authors: Chen Man , Zhang Meiqin , Chen Haoyu 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Retinal detachment is a severe complication of acute retinal necrosis, threatening vision. The published articles on the effectiveness of laser in preventing retinal detachment in acute retinal necrosis are controversial. Therefore, we aim to evaluate whether prophylactic laser is effective for retinal detachment after acute retinal necrosis.

Methods:
PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases were searched, and the retrieved records were screened. Each included study has well-defined laser-treated group and control group without laser treatment or with enough data for manual grouping. The quality of the included studies was assessed using ROBINS-I (“Risk Of Bias In Nonrandomized Studies—of Interventions”). Meta-analysis was conducted to calculate the pooled odds ratios and their 95% confidence interval. Sensitivity analysis was used to test the solidarity, and subgroup analysis was performed to determine the source of heterogeneity.

Results:
Fourteen studies with a total of 532 eyes were eventually included. The quality of the included studies was moderate. The combined results showed that the pooled odds ratio was 0.61 (95% confidence interval [0.41∼0.90], P < 0.05, I2 = 27%). Sensitivity analysis showed that the odds ratios were similar when excluding any study. Subgroup analysis showed moderate heterogeneity among three subgroups (I2 = 48.0%, P = 0.15 for heterogeneity), and the odds ratio in antiviral therapy and steroid combined with prophylactic laser was 0.43 (95% confidence interval [0.25∼0.74], P < 0.05, I2 = 0%).

Conclusion:
In patients with acute retinal necrosis, laser photocoagulation is an effective treatment to prevent retinal detachment, especially in the subgroup combined with antiviral therapy and steroid.
Yellow Plaques Around the Eyes
Authors: Medepalli Vidya M. , Langley Collins , Mockbee Chelsea S. , Brodell Robert T. , Nahar Vinayak K. 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
A 67-year-old Black man was found to have skin-colored papules and plaques on the eyelids with a yellow hue on routine annual skin examination. The patient was asymptomatic. The differential diagnosis for papules and plaques on the eyelids is reviewed based on presentations, patient histories, and distinguishing visual features. Lesions in skin of color may present a diagnostic challenge as the appearance of the same lesion in a variety of skin tones may not appear commonly in textbooks. The purpose of this case is to improve knowledge of the appearance of a common skin condition in skin of color. A primary care provider's prompt recognition of this diagnosis may promote workup and treatment for possible underlying systemic diseases, leading to decreased morbidity and improved health outcomes.
Factors Contributing to Burnout and Well-Being in Physical Therapist Students
Authors: Smith Allison , Ellison Jennifer , Bogardus Jennifer , Gleeson Peggy 
Published: May 2022

Introduction.
Burnout is a syndrome resulting from chronic workplace stress that has not been successfully managed. Prevention and management of burnout in the doctor of physical therapy (DPT) student population may help reduce the development of burnout later in their work life.

Review of Literature.
Few published studies assessing burnout have been conducted with physical therapist students. In studies with medical and nursing students, individual factors that influence the development of burnout include reduced level of physical activity, reduced level of social support, not experiencing positive life events, increased fatigue, increased stress, and decreased resilience. Environmental factors that influence the development of burnout include grading scheme and perceptions of the learning environment.

Subjects.
Participants included 20 DPT students from across the United States.

Method.
A total of 522 students from a previous study who volunteered for the present grounded theory qualitative study were stratified by burnout group (burnout and nonburnout) and geographic region. Once stratified, students were randomized and then contacted through email to set up an interview time to participate in a Zoom audio interview. A total of 20 semistructured interviews were completed ranging from 20 to 40 minutes.

Results.
Three major themes emerged from the data, each with 3 subthemes. The major themes included burnout experience, factors that negatively affected well-being, and factors that positively affected well-being.

Discussion and Conclusion.
The results of this study indicate that DPT students experienced burnout as a combination of exhaustion, disengagement, and chronic overload. Factors that negatively affected well-being while in DPT school included unmanageable stress, an excessive workload, and time pressures. Factors that positively affected well-being while in DPT school included prioritizing time, support from faculty, friends, and family, and self-awareness.
Intracranial Volumes of Healthy Children in the First 3 Years of Life: An Analysis of 270 Magnetic Resonance Imaging Scans
Authors: Brandel Michael G. , Kamel George N. , Carbulido Kristine , Belza Caitlyn , Modi Rishi , McKee Ryan , Cronin Brendan J. , Ewing Emily , Lance Samuel H. , Gosman Amanda A. 
Published: May 2022

Background:
There is a paucity of data on normal intracranial volumes for healthy children during the first few years of life, when cranial growth velocity is greatest. The aim of this study was to generate a normative predictive model of intracranial volumes based on brain magnetic resonance imaging from a large sample of healthy children to serve as a reference tool for future studies on craniosynostosis.

Methods:
Structural magnetic resonance imaging data for healthy children up to 3 years of age was acquired from the National Institutes of Health Pediatric MRI Data Repository. Intracranial volumes were calculated using T1-weighted scans with FreeSurfer (version 6.0.0). Mean intracranial volumes were calculated and best-fit logarithmic curves were generated. Results were compared to previously published intracranial volume curves.

Results:
Two-hundred seventy magnetic resonance imaging scans were available: 118 were collected in the first year of life, 97 were collected between years 1 and 2, and 55 were collected between years 2 and 3. A best-fit logarithmic growth curve was generated for male and female patients. The authors’ regression models showed that male patients had significantly greater intracranial volumes than female patients after 1 month of age. Predicted intracranial volumes were also greater in male and female patients in the first 6 months of life as compared to previously published intracranial volume curves.

Conclusions:
To the authors’ knowledge, this is the largest series of demographically representative magnetic resonance imaging–based intracranial volumes for children aged 3 years and younger. The model generated in this study can be used by investigators as a reference for evaluating craniosynostosis patients.
Endoscope-Assisted Fronto-Orbital Distraction Osteogenesis
Authors: Kalmar Christopher L. , Carlson Anna R. , Kosyk Mychajlo S. , Zapatero Zachary D. , Heuer Gregory G. , Taylor Jesse A. 
Published: May 2022

Summary:
Anterior cranial vault fronto-orbital distraction osteogenesis is a promising treatment modality for children with unicoronal craniosynostosis. A minimally invasive, endoscope-assisted approach offers the additional potential benefits of less scalp scarring, decreased blood loss, and decreased scalp dissection. In this article, the authors present a novel technique for minimally invasive, endoscope-assisted fronto-orbital distraction osteogenesis.
The Effect of Rotigotine on Cognitive Function, Daytime Sleepiness, and Sleep Problems in Parkinson Disease: An Open-Label Pilot Study
Authors: Suzuki Keisuke , Funakoshi Kei , Fujita Hiroaki , Hirata Koichi 
Published: May 2022

Background
We hypothesized that rotigotine may have a positive effect on cognitive function in patients with Parkinson disease (PD) by improving daytime motor function and sleep status.

Methods
Fifteen PD patients with sleep disturbances, defined as a PD Sleep Scale (PDSS)-2 score of 15 or greater, were included in this single-center, 3-month open-label study. Participants received 2 to 4 mg/24 h (patch content: 4.5–9 mg) rotigotine for a 3-month period. At baseline and 3 months, the patients were evaluated on the Movement Disorder Society Revision of the Unified PD Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS) parts III and IV and cognitive assessments, such as the Mini-Mental State Examination, frontal assessment battery, and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). The Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) and PDSS-2 were administered at baseline and at 1, 2, and 3 months.

Results
At 3 months, the MDS-UPDRS part III (−11.1, P < 0.0001) and MDS-UPDRS part IV (−1.1, P = 0.0013) scores significantly decreased, and off time significantly decreased (−34.6 minutes, P = 0.0085) from baseline. The PDSS-2 scores significantly decreased from baseline at 1 month (−4.2, P < 0.01), 2 months (−7.7, P < 0.0001), and 3 months (−7.3, P < 0.0001). The ESS also decreased at 1 month (−2.5, P < 0.05) and 3 months from baseline (−4.5, P < 0.01). The MoCA scores (1.6, P = 0.0029) significantly improved, but the Mini-Mental State Examination or frontal assessment battery scores did not significantly change. The mean changes from baseline to 3 months in the MoCA were negatively correlated with mean changes in the ESS scores.

Conclusions
We suggest that rotigotine could improve cognitive function by improving motor symptoms, sleep disturbance, and daytime sleepiness in patients with PD.
Using the extended parallel process model (EPPM) to explore US consumers' dining behaviors during COVID-19
Authors: Liu-Lastres Bingjie , Wen Han 
Published: May 2022

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to examine consumers' dining behaviors and explore their decision-making process when dining out during the COVID-19 pandemic.Design/methodology/approachBased on the extended parallel process model (EPPM) and the related literature, a conceptual model was developed and tested. This study conducted an online survey with 351 responses. In addition, a series of statistical analyses, including descriptive analyses and path analyses, were conducted to analyze the associations among key constructs in the proposed model.FindingsThe findings of this study confirmed the pragmatic utility of applying EPPM in a hospitality management context. The findings of this study also outline the different nature between the participants' enactment of self-protective measures and dining out activities. Lastly, while consumers are hesitant about dining out, the results showed that consumers' dining behaviors are directly related to their personality trait of sensation-seeking.Research limitations/implicationsThis study was delimited to a cross-sectional design and self-reported data. Such information may provide insights into individuals' decision-making and behaviors related to dining in a COVID-19 context. In addition, this study only includes US samples, while future studies can extend this study by including samples from different countries and cultural backgrounds.Originality/valueThis study adopts an interdisciplinary approach, which derives from tourism and hospitality management and public health. As a result, the findings of this study not only identify the major influencers affecting consumers' dining behavior but also help contextualize a public health model and contribute to the tourism and hospitality management literature.
Shape optimization of synchronous reluctance motor using sensitivity information for multiple objective functions
Authors: Shigematsu Hiroki , Wakao Shinji , Makino Hiroaki , Takeuchi Katsutoku , Matsushita Makoto 
Published: May 2022

Purpose
This paper aims to further improve the efficiency of multi-objective optimization design of synchronous reluctance motors (SynRMs) using the level set (LS) method, which has the advantage of obtaining a practical shape. The solutions obtained by gradient methods tend to be local ones due to the multi-modality of the objective function, especially when multiple objective functions. A huge number of trial calculations are required to obtain a high-quality and broadly distributed Pareto front. Therefore, it is indispensable to effectively get out of the local solutions in the optimization process with the LS method.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors propose a novel method appropriately switching multiple objective functions with high independence of sensitivity information. The authors adopt highly independent mathematical expressions for the objective functions of the average torque and torque ripple. In addition, the authors repeatedly perform the optimization while appropriately selecting the sensitivity information of one objective function from multiple ones, which enables the authors to effectively break out of local solutions in the optimization process.

Findings
The proposed method was applied to the shape optimization of SynRM flux barriers and successfully searched a more extensive and advanced Pareto front in comparison with the conventional method.

Originality/value
The proposed method adopts search spaces with mathematical high independence for average torque and torque ripple. In the optimization process, when the solution search is judged to get stuck by several criteria, the search space is alternately switched to effectively get out of local solutions.
The threshold effect of commitment-oriented HRM practices on employee job performance: the role of employee age
Authors: Yu Mingchuan , Jiao Qianying , Wang Greg G. , Liu Yuan 
Published: May 2022

PurposeTo reconcile the mixed findings on commitment-oriented human resource management (HRM) on employee job performance, this study tests whether commitment-oriented HRM has a threshold effect on employee job performance and when this threshold effect matters. The authors further tested the role of employees' age in the relationships.Design/methodology/approachThe authors conducted a survey and collected data from 601 employees in 32 firms in China, and used a multilevel approach to test the hypothesis.FindingsThe results showed that the association between commitment-oriented HRM and employee job performance was J-shaped, meaning that commitment-oriented HRM was positively related to job performance when the degree of commitment-oriented HRM exceeded a threshold. Moreover, the authors found that employee age moderated this J-shape relationship. Specifically, the curvilinear relationship between development commitment-oriented HRM and job performance was stronger in younger employees. Contrary to our prediction, the results showed that younger employees reacted more strongly to improve job performance than older employees when maintenance commitment-oriented HRM exceeded a moderate degree.Originality/valueThe findings on the J-shape effect and moderating role of employee age on the J-shape provided critical insights into understanding the mixed results of the effect of HRM. Additionally, this study provided new insight in the linkage between HRM practices and employee outcomes.
The influence of general causality orientations on self-esteem and perceived stress among undergraduate students in women-only colleges
Authors: Uruthirapathy Aareni , Dyke Lorraine 
Published: May 2022

PurposeGeneral causality orientation is a mini-theory within the self-determination theory (STD). The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of general causality orientations (autonomous, controlled, and impersonal) on perceived stress and self-esteem among students in a women-only college.Design/methodology/approachData were collected through a questionnaire administered to students (n = 132) of a small women-only university in Roanoke, Virginia, USA. The survey included questions on the three general causality orientations, perceived stress, and self-esteem; the survey also included questions on student satisfaction, financial resources, and academic performance, used as control variables in the study.FindingsAutonomous orientation was not significantly related to self-esteem or perceived stress. Controlled orientation negatively influences self-depreciation. Finally, impersonal orientation positively influenced self-depreciation and negatively affected self-confidence.Practical implicationsFaculty and administrators in women-only universities should be encouraged to implement programs that strengthen the sense of optimism among female students. Student support services that emphasize enhancing autonomous orientation could be even more helpful by offering interventions that help students overcome their impersonal orientation.Originality/valueWhile previous studies have concentrated on autonomous orientation, this study provides recommendations for overcoming impersonal orientation among female undergraduate students in women-only colleges to enhance self-esteem and reduce stress.