bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mechanical behaviour of hybrid fibre reinforced cementitious composites exposed to high temperatures
Authors: Shuling Gao , Jiayao Zhang , Yanping Zhu , Zhe Wang 
Published: May 2022

Hybrid engineered cementitious composites (HECCs) combine the advantages of different fibres. However, based on current knowledge, the mechanical behaviours of HECC mixed with polyvinyl alcohol fibre (PVAF), steel fibre (SF) and basalt fibre (BF) exposed to high temperature still require study. The mechanical properties of HECCs can be obtained from tensile and compressive experiments. The mechanical properties of PVAF -ECC (mixed with only PVAF), BF-ECC (mixed with only BF), SF-ECC (mixed with only SF), HECC-PB (mixed with PVAF and BF) and HECC-PS (mixed with PVAF and SF) with additions of 65%, 70% or 78% fly ash (FA) at room temperature were investigated. The mechanical properties of the above five materials mixed with 70% FA were also investigated after high-temperature exposure. In these tests, the mixtures were heated to 200°C, 400°C or 600°C and then cooled to room temperature. According to the appearance change, strength change, mass loss, ductility loss and failure form of the specimens, HECC-PS was found to have the best tensile and compressive behaviours after high-temperature exposure. This material is thus suitable as a plastering layer on the surface on masonry structures to ensure the safety of masonry in high-temperature environments.
Risk of bias analysis in diabetic retinopathy randomized clinical trials evaluated by RoB-1 tool from Cochrane systematic reviews
Authors: Mozetic Vânia , Barros Valéria , Denadai Lucas , Bueno de Moraes Nilva Simeren 
Published: May 2022

The objective of clinical trials is to answer about intervention in the real-world, for which they must be properly designed and executed by presenting the results reliably with the findings and in a clear way. OBJECTIVES: To identify the risk of bias in clinical trials about interventions for diabetic retinopathy and/or diabetic macular edema from Cochrane systematic reviews. METHODS: A sensitive search strategy was designed to search Cochrane systematic reviews of interventions in diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema. The assessment of the risk of bias was captured as presented by the author. FINDINGS: We found eight SR and one meta-analysis network totaling 116 randomized clinical trials. Our sample revealed that among the domains randomization, allocation secret, masking of participants and personnel, incomplete outcomes, selective outcomes and others, the risk of bias assessed as low ranged from 30.4 to 49.1%; unclear risk between 22 to 56% and high risk from 1 to 21.7%. CONCLUSIONS: The risk of bias in diabetic retinopathy randomized clinical trials exists in high frequency and the reader must be aware of it.
Seismicity around Southern Lake Erie during 2013–2020 in Relation to Lake Water Level
Authors: Yao Dongdong , Huang Yihe , Xue Liang , Fu Yuning , Gronewold Andrew , Fox Jeffrey L. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The water level change in the Great Lake region can modulate stresses in the nearby fault system and potentially induce earthquakes. We perform a systematic analysis of local seismicity around southern Lake Erie during 2013–2020 to investigate the relation between seismicity and lake water level change. We obtain a newly detected catalog of tectonic earthquakes, which reveals 20–40 M &gt; 0 earthquakes/yr before 2019. The peak seismicity rate in 2019 is dominated by active aftershocks following the 2019 ML 4.0 Ohio earthquake. The clustering analysis reveals both clusters with multiple events and stand-alone events that might represent isolated zones of crustal weakness in this region. The absolute location analysis identifies a group of earthquakes around the epicenter of the 1986 M 5 earthquake, which might be linked to the nearby injection activities. To evaluate the potential interaction with changing water loading of Lake Erie, we then model the coulomb stress change (ΔCSC) caused by elastic lake-water loading and find that ΔCSC strongly depends on effective friction coefficient (μ′). Considering the geometry of the receiver fault, higher lake water level results in positive ΔCSC and would promote failure when μ′≤0.3, and leads to negative ΔCSC and would discourage rupture when μ′&gt;0.3. Further analysis indicates a lack of temporal correlation between long-term seismicity and water level variations before the 2019 Ohio sequence, suggesting that water level fluctuations do not modulate long-term seismicity. However, we cannot fully rule out the impact of increasing water level on reactivating the fault that hosted the 2019 Ohio earthquake sequence because of the uncertainty of μ′. Our results highlight the necessity of denser and closer monitoring of lake seismicity to further investigate the impact of changing water loading on reactivating shallow faults in this region.
Prevalence of dry eye disease among patients having migraine
Authors: Karanvi Shweta B , M A Rani Sujatha , Sinha Durgesh Kumar , B J Sannidhi , KC Ranjitha , Bokhari Syed Saifullah 
Published: May 2022

To study the prevalence of dry eye disease among patients having migraine. A retrospective study review of patients who were known case of migraine headache in a tertiary hospital in 1yr from December 2019 to December 2020. A total of 400 patients were reviewed. Age ranged from 15 to 35 years. The mean age was 32 years. The study consisted of 400 patients, among which 200 patients were diagnosed to have migraine headache and 200 patients were taken as control. Total number of males included in the study were180 and females were 220. Total of 34 and 22 patients had a dry eye disease among case study group and controls respectively. The prevalence among study group was 17% and11% among the control study group. The prevalence among the case study group was found to be significantly higher compared to the control study group with p value&#60;0.05. From the study conducted we come to a conclusion of prevalence of dry eye disease among patients having migraine headache is significantly higher compared to control study group and all the patients suffering from migraine should undergo dry eye evaluation.
To study the clinical efficacy of Nd Yag peripheral iridotomy in narrow angle glaucoma
Authors: K C Ranjitha , Sujatha M.A Rani , Saifullah Bokhari Syed , Kumar Sinha Durgesh , B.K Shweta , B.J Sannidhi 
Published: May 2022

: To examine the clinical efficacy of laser peripheral iridotomy (LPI) in subjects with primary angle closure (PAC).134 patients with angle closure glaucoma were included in this retrospective study which was carried out at the glaucoma clinic, department of ophthalmology at DR B.R Ambedkar medical college and hospital over a period of 2 years. A total of 134 patients, 268 eyes were participated in this study. All were treated with LPI. The 268 eyes with Successful opening of angle more than 2 for at least 24 weeks. Follow-up ranged from 4 to 24 weeks. Gonioscopy was performed in each visit to confirm the angle status and patency of iridotomy. Success is defined as opening of more than 2 angles ITC for at least 24 weeks, with no need for further medication or laser treatment.The percentage of open angle at 4 weeks was more 2 angles in 72 eyes(26.9%), ITC&#62;3 angles in 56eyes, (20.9%) and ITC&#62;4 angles in 140 eyes are (52.2%), at 12weeks more 2 angles 48 eyes (17.9%), ITC&#62; 3angles in ,60 eyes (20.9%) ITC&#62;4 angles in 160 eyes (59.7%) and 24 weeks was more 2 angles eyes 28 (10.4%), ITC&#62; 3,60 eyes (22.4%) ITC&#62;4 angle in180 (67.2%). The success rate at 24 weeks ITC more than2 angle was 10.4%, ITC&#62;3angles 22.4% and ITC&#62; 4angles in 67.2% respectively.In all cases, IOP was measured within 1 hour and IOP elevation of greater than 8 mm Hg was observed in eyes (15.7%). Mild-to-moderate anterior chamber reaction is seen in 128 eyes, hyphema in 12 eyes, ghost images seen in 4 eyes, 4cases of macular edema, cataract progression seen in 32 eyes, and iridotomy in 52 eyes were noted.Post laser procedure combination of steroid and antibiotic medication was prescribed for 5 days and IOP pressure more 8 mmHg seen in 42 eyes(15.7%), antiglaucoma medications started and oral T. Diamox 250mg 2 tablets were prescribed followed up after 5 days to reassurance. LPI is an effective treatment option for all patients with in Primary Angle Closure suspect to prevent the acute angle closure glaucoma. LPI is a effective, compliance free, repeatable, most PACS eyes don’t receive further treatment and safe therapeutic modality having only minor, transient, self-limiting or easily controlled side effects with no sequelae. Progression to PACG is uncommon in PACS and PAC. Despite our methodology, the inherent limitations of studies should be considered, and conclusion drawn from our pooled results should be interpreted with caution. Future large-volume, well-designed with extensive follow-up are awaited to confirm and update the findings of this analysis.
Microplastic extraction from agricultural soils using canola oil and unsaturated sodium chloride solution
Authors: Kononov Andrei , Hishida Motoya , Suzuki Kazuki , Harada Naoki 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Environmental pollution by microplastics (MPs) has become a global problem, but little is known about MPs in soils. This is because MP extraction methods from soils have not yet been standardized. In this study, we tried to establish a simple and economical method to extract soil MPs using the buoyancy of canola oil and the density separation process using sodium chloride (NaCl). First, the ability and suitability of seven different oils to extract MP from soil were investigated and canola oil was selected. Then, the spiking and recovery test was performed with canola oil and NaCl solution for low-density polyethylene (LDPE), polypropylene (PP), and polyvinylchloride (PVC) as follows: 1) soil and MP mixtures were prepared, 2) 5 g L-1 NaCl and canola oil were added and shaken thoroughly, 3) the oil phase containing MPs were separated after sedimentation, 4) the extracted MPs were rinsed with 99.5% ethanol, and 5) the organic adherents to the extracted MPs were digested with hydrogen peroxide. After drying and incineration, the substantial recovery rates were calculated. In the spiking and recovery test for MP particles (<1 mm) from five typical Japanese agricultural soils, the recoveries of LDPE, PP, and PVC were 95.2-98.3%, 95.2.7-98.7%, and 76.0-80.5%, respectively, higher than those obtained by the density separation using saturated NaCl solution. In conclusion, the method is effective for extracting MPs, especially LDPE and PP, from soils and is less sensitive to soil type, texture, and physicochemical properties.
Reproducvtive health needs of women with Human papillomavirus (HPV): A systematic review
Authors: Galeshi Mina , Shirafkan Hoda , Yazdani Shahla , motaghi Zahra 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background:Human papillomavirus is one of the most important sexually transmitted viruses that causes cervical cancer. In women undergoing cervical screening, it is important to be aware of ways to minimize anxiety.The present systematic review was conducted to determine the reproductive health needs of women with HPV.Methods:In this systematic review, articles without time constraints were searched in PubMed,Scopus,Web of Science, Google Scholar and Iranian Magiran,SID and Iranmedex. Keywords used: HPV, Information, Want, Need, Know, etc. and their Persian equivalents in the title and abstract of the articles.Papers after identification independently by two researchers Contradictions were evaluated and discussed with the third author.Results: At first 1056articles were retrieved which after removing,13articles published between2004-2021were entered.The studies were mostly qualitative(N=9),quantitative(N=3), and one was unclear.Most qualitative studies collected data using individual interviews(N=7), two qualitative studies,narratives of HPV patients from a website of patient experiences and questions. The quality evaluation showed that good=8, Average=2, and one was of poor.Conclusion:Surveys showed that the majority of women had unanswered questions about their HPV test results. The information that women thought was helpful in interpreting their test results included having a high-risk type of HPV, the risk of short-term and long-term cancer, and cancer survival statistics for the virus. Women also needed information about sexual transmission, how HPV tested positive in a long-term relationship, and the potential consequences for their partners and the risk of re-infection. Younger women had questions about whether HPV could affect fertility.
Plant Functional Type Specific Response to Nitrogen Addition under Different Rainfall Regimes
Authors: Mishra Swati , Singh Hema 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Grassland productivity is one of the critical characteristics which is co-constrained by nitrogen and water availability. Therefore, an understanding of how grasslands species respond to atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition and rainfall variability needs to be systematically and quantitatively evaluated on temporal scales. In this study, we performed an experiment to evaluate the responses of aboveground and belowground biomass of grassland community and aboveground biomass of grasses, forbs and legumes at a tropical location for two years (2017–2019) using rainout shelters to simulate three rainfall conditions with three N levels. The study indicates that a higher water and nitrogen input significantly increases the aboveground and belowground biomass of the tropical grassland community in the first year but in the second year in N2 (20g N m− 2/yr− 1) plots under all the rainfall conditions, both above and belowground biomass decreased. Interestingly, rainfall had a significant effect on grasses and forbs but not on legumes while nitrogen treatment had a significant effect on all three plant functional groups. On a temporal scale, we found the significant effect of years on belowground biomass of grassland community, grasses and forbs only. Only grasses exhibited the significant interactive effect of rainfall and nitrogen. Observed plant functional type-dependent plant response to changes in rainfall regime and N input indicates that future changes in productivity of tropical grassland due to anthropogenic changes will be strongly dependent on the direction of changes in species composition.
Performance Analysis and Modeling Based on LTE-A Field Measurements: a City Center Example
Authors: Kurnaz Cetin , Kola Ahmet Furkan , Esenalp Murat Oguz 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The wireless communication channel is the critical parameter that affects the throughput in the LTEA network. The user equipment measures the quality of the wireless channel as the channel quality indicator (CQI) value and transmits it to eNodeB. The eNodeB uses the CQI value to select the adaptive modulation and coding method to achieve the highest throughput. This study analyzes the LTE-A network based on actual field measurements. Measurements were taken at 80 different locations in Samsun (Turkey) city center using TEMS Investigation software. RSRP, RSRQ, SINR, CQI, and throughput values were recorded for each measurement in a stationary position while downloading 500 MB of data. Then, the averages of these recorded data were calculated, and detailed analyses were performed. At the end of the study, the effects of RSRP, RSRQ, SINR, and CQI on the throughput value in the LTE-A network were examined, and a novel mathematical model was proposed that gives the relationship between them with 88.85% accuracy. It has also been observed that the accuracy of the proposed model can be increased by 4% with GRNN. In the last stage of the study, a new CQI mapping method based on real-field measurements for the LTE-A system was developed.
Design and Development of Underwater ROV for Dam Inspection
Authors: Elangovan Muniyandy , Yuvan Siddarth B , Uduupa Govindram R , Babu Mohan M 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
India is a developing country that relies heavily on agriculture. A large number of dams have been built to store water and use it when it is required for agriculture. Physical inspection is currently performed outside of the dam, but it is not done efficiently inside the dam due to a lack of technology to reach the bottom of the dam and the wall inside the water. Keeping those criteria in mind, this project has created a vehicle (robot) that can dive into the dam water and take video and possibly photographs to verify the consistency of the wall's condition. This system includes a camera for capturing damage and estimating the need for wall reinforcement. It helps to identify the weaker or damaged part of the dam wall. Outside the Dam, a monitoring system is installed to collect data from the ROV and determine if additional action is required for additional inspections. Since there isn't enough light in the deeper parts of the dam, lighting is needed. It is recommended to have a small pump to get the water so that the consistency of the water can be checked at any time. This vehicle can assist the community in maintaining high-quality water in a dam for human consumption while reducing the risk of human injury during an inspection.
Surface electromyography study on asymmetry in paravertebral muscle degeneration in patients with degenerative lumbar scoliosis
Authors: Xie Hongru , Liu Jianan , He Yinchuan , Zhang Zepei , Dong Hongtao , Meng Lin , Miao Jun 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: The asymmetry of paravertebral muscle (PVM) degeneration in degenerative lumbar scoliosis (DLS) patients has been extensively studied by imaging and histological examination and has not yet been verified by surface electromyography (sEMG) techniques.Objective:To study the relationship between the surface electromyography (sEMG) and degenerative characteristics of paravertebral muscles (PVMs) in patients with degenerative lumbar scoliosis (DLS).Method:In twenty DLS patients and fifteen healthy subjects, sEMG activity of the PVMs at the level of the upper end vertebra (UEV), apical vertebra (AV) and lower end vertebra (LEV) was measured during static standing and dynamic standing forward flexion and backward extension tasks. Action segmentation was achieved according to inertial measurement unit (IMU) data.The sEMG characteristics of the PVMs on the convex and concave sides were compared, and the relationship of these data with the Cobb angle and lumbar lordotic angle (LL) was analyzed.Results:In the DLS group, there was no difference in sEMG activity between the convex and concave sides at the UEV or AV level， but in the motion and return phases of the standing forward flexion task (P=0.000, P=0.015) and the maintenance and return phases of the standing backward extension task (P=0.001, P=0.01), there was a significant difference in sEMG activity between the convex and concave sides at the LEV level.Asymmetrical sEMG activity at the LEV level was negatively correlated with the Cobb angle (F=93.791，P <0.001) and LL angle (F=65.564，P <0.001).Conclusion:In the DLS group, asymmetrical sEMG activity of the PVMs appeared at the LEV level, with the concave side being more active than the convex side. This sEMG characteristics were consistent with their imaging and histological degenerative features and correlated with bone structural parameters.
Imaging characteristics of ovarian sclerosing stromal tumor
Authors: Zhou Zhifeng , Chen Xiaoqiao , Zeng Zhibin , Zhang Fangjing , Yan Jing , Hou Gangqiang 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Objectives To evaluate the specific imaging features of ovarian sclerosing stromal tumor (SST), improve its accuracy and specificity of imaging diagnosing, and prevent overestimation of malignancy and reduce unnecessary surgical procedures.Methods Eight patients with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and six with computed tomography (CT) images were analyzed in this retrospectively observational study. All cases were confirmed by postoperative pathological examination as ovarian SST. Imaging and pathological features were analyzed.Results All the 14 masses were showed cystic and solid components with outer surface of tumors contained a capsular and complete smooth rim. Eight tumors of MRI showed “lake-island” sign on T2 weighted imaging (T2WI). Two of the 6 CT cases found a flaky calcification. One case showed as a multiloculated cystic mass with irregularly thickened septae and tumor wall. The solid components in other 13 masses are comb- or wheel-like enhanced. After injection of contrast agent, the solid components in 8 cases (57.1%) appeared as early enhancement, while the other 6 cases (42.9%) appeared as progressive enhanced, and the cystic components of all cases had no enhancement in the whole course. Vascular flow signals or/and marked enhancement of blood vessels were found in 12 lesions (85.7%). Pathologic examination demonstrated pseudolobule patterns, round to spindle cells, collagenous areas, edematous hypocellular areas and prominent vasculatures.Conclusions The results demonstrated that MRI with “lake-island” signs on T2WI and MRI/CT dynamic enhencement could play a critical role in making appropriate diagnosis preoperatively.
Pathology of hepatocellular carcinoma and tumour bearing liver tissue in association with hTERT promotor mutation
Authors: Fischer Anne Kristin , Semaan Alexander , Wulff Anna-Lena , Vokuhl Christian , Goltz Diane , Fischer Hans-Peter 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
BackgroundhTERT promotor mutation represents a common and early event in hepatocarcinogenesis. Its linkage with the morphologic status of the underlying liver tissue is not really understood. We analysed the connection between the histopathological changes of tumour bearing liver tissue and the occurrence of hTERT promotor mutation in hepatocellular carcinoma, correlated with clinical data. MethodsThe study cohort comprised 160 histologically confirmed hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) in liver cirrhosis and non-cirrhosis which were investigated for hTERT promotor mutation. Frequency of hTERT promotor mutation in HCC in cirrhosis and non-cirrhosis was evaluated and correlated with potential clinical and histopathological drivers. Especially, tumour bearing non-cirrhotic liver tissue was examined regarding inflammation, modified histological activity index (mHAI), fibrosis and steatosis and its correlation with the frequency of hTERT promotor mutation in HCC. Overall survival analysis via multivariate Cox regression analysis was performed. Furthermore, hTERT antibody immunohistochemistry and molecular hTERT promotor mutation analysis of both HCC and background liver tissue were compared.ResultshTERT promotor mutation was especially related to HCC in cirrhosis compared to non-cirrhotic liver tissue (p < 0.001) and independently from cirrhosis to HCC in patients ≥ 60 (p = 0.005). Furthermore, hTERT promotor mutation was associated with liver cirrhosis caused by alcohol toxicity and hepatitis C virus infection (HCV). In non-cirrhotic liver tissue the frequency of hTERT promotor mutated HCC increased with the degree of inflammation and fibrosis. Nevertheless, 25% of hTERT promotor mutated HCC developed in normal liver tissue without HCC risk factors. Multivariate Cox regression analysis did not show an influence of hTERT promotor mutation in HCC on overall survival of 3, 5 and 16 years. Immunohistochemical analysis with the hTERT antibodies LS-B95 and 2D8 hTERT promotor mutated HCC and wildtype HCC showed a mildly stronger immunoreaction compared to the tumour bearing liver tissue (LS-B95: p < 0.01, 2D8: p < 0.01).Conclusions Our study reveals a connection between pathological changes of tumour bearing liver tissue and hTERT promotor mutation in most HCC, even in non-cirrhotic liver tissue. Immunohistochemical hTERT antibodies do not discriminate between hTERT promotor mutated and wildtype HCC.