bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Penetration and ligament formation of viscoelastic droplets impacting on the superhydrophobic mesh
Authors: Mehrizi Abbasali Abouei , Lin Shiji , Sun Lijie , Wang Yile , Chen Longquan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSpraying occurs by the impact of water droplets on the superhydrophobic wire meshes by liquid penetration during the spreading and recoiling. We have shown that adding a small amount of high molecular weight polymer (PEO) alters the ligaments formation and stabilizes them due to its high elasticity. Consequently, it suppresses droplet spray during droplet spreading and recoiling (recoil penetration). In the wide range of the impact velocities, the penetrated ligaments retracted back to the mesh after reaching the maximum length and eventually merged with the droplet on the mesh. The empirical fitting shows that the ligament evolution follows the parallel spring-dashpot model of Kelvin–Voigt. The additive polymer also changes the recoil penetration mechanisms from cavity collapse to cavity detachment due to the higher retraction velocity of the cavity near the mesh that is induced by the upward flow formed by the retraction of the ligaments to the mother droplet. A model based on mass conservation is proposed to calculate the variation of the maximum ligament size.
Solvent-particles interactions during composite particles formation by pulsed laser melting of α-Fe2O3
Authors: Shakeri M. S. , Polit O. , Grabowska-Polanowska B. , Pyatenko A. , Suchanek K. , Dulski M. , Gurgul J. , Swiatkowska-Warkocka Z. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis work thoroughly investigates chemical solvent-particles interactions during the formation of composite particles by pulsed laser melting of α-Fe2O3. Two solvents, with different dielectric constants, such as ethyl acetate (εr = 6) and ethanol (εr = 24.6), were examined in terms of their effect on the morphology, size, and phase composition of iron oxide composites. We calculated the laser fluence curves using the heating-melting-evaporation approach to identify the critical particle size that undergoes the phase changes first. We assessed the temperature of the particles irradiated with 390 mJ/pulse.cm2in both solvents, including the heat dissipation between the particles and the liquid. The phase diagram of the Fe–O–C–H system was calculated to determine the temperature–pressure relationship of the system in equilibrium. We also employed an in situ GC–MS analysis to identify the volatile products during irradiation. Based on our experimental results, we concluded that the final diameter of the composites increases from 400 to 600 nm, along with the decreasing dielectric constant of the solvent, which is related to the different polarization of the organic liquid and the degree of particle agglomeration. The reduction of hematite in ethanol proceeded much faster, ending up with Fe/FeCx, while in ethyl acetate, it ended up with Fe3O4. Among all the particles, those with a diameter of 200 nm have the highest temperature and undergo the phase transition first. The temperature of a 200 nm composite particle in ethanol is slightly lower than in ethyl acetate, i.e. 1870 K as compared to 1902 K. Phase equilibrium diagrams proved the existence of Fe, FeO, and Fe3O4as the preferred phases at about 1900 K. Our research provides a new insight into the process of submicron particle formation during pulsed laser irradiation and allows proposing a mechanism for the growth of particles of different size and phase composition depending on the solvent.
Mortality rate of high cardiovascular risk patients with mild cognitive impairment
Authors: Yaneva-Sirakova Teodora , Traykov Latchezar 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPeople with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) may be at higher risk of death than normal aging ones. On the other hand, patients with cardiovascular risk factors are also with higher risk of death. It may be logical to question then if the combination of MCI and cardio-vascular risk factors (in most cases arterial hypertension) can lead to higher mortality rate than expected both for high cardio-vascular risk patients and for the general population. This hypothesis is important in the light of effective early screening and prophylaxis. The general death rate of patients with very high-cardio-vascular-risk was compared in the subgroups of normal cognition and MCI. We used MMSE and MoCA (reassessment 6 months apart), Geriatric Depression scale and 4-point version of the scale for evaluating the performance in instrumental activities of daily living (4-IADL) in 249 patients. The patients also had laboratory testing, ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, ECG and echocardiography. The general mortality rate of this very high cardio-vascular risk group was assessed 8–10 years afterwards and also compared to the general national death rate published for the corresponding period from the National Social Security Institute of Bulgaria. We registered significantly higher general death rate in patients with MCI and very high cardio-vascular risk as compared to the group without MCI. The logistic regression analysis attributed approximately 14.6% of the mortality rate in this high-risk group to MCI. The major cardio-vascular risk factor was arterial hypertension—with 63.85% of the patients with home blood pressure values not in the target range at the initial cognitive screening. During the neuropsychological reevaluation 56.43% were with poor control despite the multidrug antihypertensive regimen. It is known that MCI is correlated with cardiovascular risk factors with the leading role of arterial hypertension. We found that the combination of MCI and arterial hypertension can lead to higher mortality rate than in the general aging population. This has important clinical implications for the everyday practice.
Fe3O4@SiO2-PMA-Cu magnetic nanoparticles as a novel catalyst for green synthesis of β-thiol-1,4-disubstituted-1,2,3-triazoles
Authors: Eisavi Ronak , Ahmadi Fereshteh 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe magnetic nanoparticles of Fe3O4 were synthesized through a solid-state reaction of hydrated iron (III) chloride, hydrated iron (II) chloride and NaOH, and then purified by calcination at high temperature. In order to protect ferrite nanoparticles from oxidation and agglomeration, and to manufacture a novel catalytic system of anchored copper on the magnetic substrate, the Fe3O4 was core-shelled by adding tetraethyl orthosilicate. Next, the prepared Fe3O4@SiO2 was supported by phosphomolybdic acid (PMA) as the second layer of nanocomposite at 80 °C in 30 h. Eventually, the new nanocomposite of Fe3O4@SiO2-PMA-Cu was successfully synthesized by adding copper (II) chloride solution and solid potassium borohydride. The structure of magnetic nanocatalyst was acknowledged through different techniques such as EDS, VSM, XRD, TEM, FT-IR, XPS, TGA, BET and FESEM. The synthesis of β-thiolo/benzyl-1,2,3-triazoles from various thiiranes, terminal alkynes and sodium azide was catalyzed by Fe3O4@SiO2-PMA-Cu nanocomposite in aqueous medium. In order to obtain the optimum condition, the effects of reaction time, temperature, catalyst amount and solvent were gauged. The recycled catalyst was used for several consecutive runs without any loss of activity.
CRISPR Del/Rei: a simple, flexible, and efficient pipeline for scarless genome editing
Authors: Feuer Kyra L. , Wahbeh Marah H. , Yovo Christian , Rabie Eman , Lam Anh-Thu N. , Abdollahi Sara , Young Lindsay J. , Rike Bailey , Umamageswaran Akul , Avramopoulos Dimitrios 
Published: July 2022

AbstractScarless genome editing of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) is crucial for the precise modeling of genetic disease. Here we present CRISPR Del/Rei, a two-step deletion-reinsertion strategy with high editing efficiency and simple PCR-based screening that generates isogenic clones in ~ 2 months. We apply our strategy to edit iPSCs at 3 loci with only rare off target editing.
Analysis of ultrastructure and microstructure of blackbird (Turdus merula) and song thrush (Turdus philomelos) eggshell by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray computed microtomography
Authors: Damaziak Krzysztof , Marzec Agata 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe unique structure of the egg allows for efficient reproduction on land. Although the functions of the egg are ensured by the concomitant cooperation of all its structures, the eggshell also plays a significant role. Apart from maintaining an aqueous environment within the egg along with controlled gas exchange, the color and pigmentation pattern of eggshell contributes to identification and protection. As a result of all these functions, the structure, shape, and pigmentation of eggshell greatly vary across the class of birds, and understanding these three variability-determining factors may aid in better interpretation of evolutionary mechanisms. In this study, we analyzed for the first time the structure, mineral composition, and characteristics of the pigmentation of blackbird (Turdus merula) and song thrush (Turdus philomelos) eggshells. The shell of blackbird eggs is much thicker compared to the shell of song thrush eggs which is due to a much thicker crystalline and palisade layers. In both species, strongly elongated mammillary knobs are observed, which create a large space between the mineralized shell and the egg membranes. The blackbird egg shell has a higher water vapor conductivity which is due to the larger diameter of the circle and the surface area of individual pores. The primary compound entering the mineral composition of the shell in both species is CaCO3 however, the thrush egg shells contained more Mg in all layers except the crystalline layer, and S in the crystalline and palisade layers. The two species clearly differ in the size and distribution of pigment spots on the eggshell. We suppose that the differences in shell structure and pigmentation presented in this study may in the future provide a basis for explaining the reasons for the much lower reproductive efficiency of song thrush compared to blackbird.
Toxicity and genotoxicity of imidacloprid in the tadpoles of Leptodactylus luctator and Physalaemus cuvieri (Anura: Leptodactylidae)
Authors: Samojeden Caroline Garcia , Pavan Felipe André , Rutkoski Camila Fátima , Folador Alexandre , da Fré Silvia Pricila , Müller Caroline , Hartmann Paulo Afonso , Hartmann Marilia 
Published: July 2022

AbstractImidacloprid is a neonicotinoid insecticide used to control agricultural pests around the world. This pesticide can have adverse effects on non-target organisms, especially in aquatic environments. The present study evaluated the toxicity of an imidacloprid-based insecticide in amphibians, usingLeptodactylus luctatorandPhysalaemus cuvieritadpoles as study models. Spawning of both species were collected within less than 24 h of oviposition from a non-agricultural land at Erechim, Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil. Survival, swimming activity, body size, morphological malformations, and genotoxic parameters were analyzed at laboratory conditions. A short-term assay was conducted over 168 h (7 days) with five different concentrations of imidacloprid (3–300 µg L−1) being tested. The insecticide did not affect survival, although the tadpoles of both species presented reduced body size, malformed oral and intestine structures, and micronuclei and other erythrocyte nuclear abnormalities following exposure to this imidacloprid-based compound. Exposure also affected swimming activity inL. luctator, which reflected the greater sensitivity ofL. luctatorto imidacloprid in comparison withP. cuvieri. The swimming activity, body size, and malformations observed inL. luctatorand the morphological malformations found inP. cuvieriindicated that even the lowest tested concentration of the insecticide were harmful to amphibians. At concentrations of over 3 μg L−1,P. cuvieripresents a smaller body size, and both species are affected by genotoxic cell damage. This demonstrates that imidacloprid is potentially toxic for the two study species at environmentally relevant concentrations.
Biopolymeric superabsorbent hydrogels enhance crop and water productivity of soybean–wheat system in Indo-Gangetic plains of India
Authors: Rajanna G. A. , Manna Suman , Singh Anupama , Babu Subhash , Singh V. K. , Dass Anchal , Chakraborty Debashis , Patanjali Neeraj , Chopra Indu , Banerjee Tirthankar , Kumar Anil , Khandelwal Ashish , Parmar Balraj S. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractEnvironmental crises, declining factor productivity, and shrinking natural resource is a threat to global agricultural sustainability. The task is much more daunting in the Indo-Gangetic northern plains of India, where depletion of the underground water table and erratic rains due to the changing climate pose a major challenge to agriculture. To address these challenges a field investigation was carried out during 2016–2018 to test the efficacy of biopolymeric superabsorbent hydrogels namely Pusa Hydrogel (P-hydrogel: a semi-synthetic cellulose derivative-based product) and kaolin derivative of Pusa Hydrogel (K-hydrogel: semi-synthetic cellulose derivative) to assess their effect on crop and water productivity, soil moisture, root dynamics, and economics of soybean (Glycine max L.)–wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) system under three irrigation regimes namely full irrigation, limited irrigation and rainfed. The results revealed that the full irrigation along with P-hydrogel led to enhanced grain yield, biomass yield, and water productivity (WP) of soybean (1.61–10.5%, 2.2–9.5%, and 2.15–21.8%, respectively) and wheat (11.1–18.3%, 12–54% and 11.1–13.1%, respectively) over control plots. Likewise, under water stressed plots of rainfed conditions with P-hydrogel exhibited 52.7 and 20.6% higher system yields (in terms of wheat equivalent yield) over control and other combinations during the respective study years. Whereas the magnitude of increase in system yield under limited irrigation with P-hydrogel was ~ 15.1% and under full irrigation with P-hydrogel was 8.0–19.4%. Plots treated with P-hydrogel retained 3.0–5.0% higher soil moisture compared to no-hydrogel plots, while K-hydrogel treated plots held the lower moisture (4.0–6.0%) than the control. In terms of profitability, full irrigation along with P-hydrogel plots registered 12.97% higher economic returns over control. The results suggested that P-hydrogel (2.5 kg ha−1) reduces runoff water loss in full irrigation applied plots and retained more water, where loss of water is more thus reduces number of irrigations. Hence P-hydrogel with irrigation water is a viable option for sustainable production of soybean-wheat systems in the Indo-Gangetic plains of India and other similar eco-regions of the world.
MRI based radiomics enhances prediction of neurodevelopmental outcome in very preterm neonates
Authors: Wagner Matthias W. , So Delvin , Guo Ting , Erdman Lauren , Sheng Min , Ufkes S. , Grunau Ruth E. , Synnes Anne , Branson Helen M. , Chau Vann , Shroff Manohar M. , Ertl-Wagner Birgit B. , Miller Steven P. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractTo predict adverse neurodevelopmental outcome of very preterm neonates. A total of 166 preterm neonates born between 24–32 weeks’ gestation underwent brain MRI early in life. Radiomics features were extracted from T1- and T2- weighted images. Motor, cognitive, and language outcomes were assessed at a corrected age of 18 and 33 months and 4.5 years. Elastic Net was implemented to select the clinical and radiomic features that best predicted outcome. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curve was used to determine the predictive ability of each feature set. Clinical variables predicted cognitive outcome at 18 months with AUROC 0.76 and motor outcome at 4.5 years with AUROC 0.78. T1-radiomics features showed better prediction than T2-radiomics on the total motor outcome at 18 months and gross motor outcome at 33 months (AUROC: 0.81 vs 0.66 and 0.77 vs 0.7). T2-radiomics features were superior in two 4.5-year motor outcomes (AUROC: 0.78 vs 0.64 and 0.8 vs 0.57). Combining clinical parameters and radiomics features improved model performance in motor outcome at 4.5 years (AUROC: 0.84 vs 0.8). Radiomic features outperformed clinical variables for the prediction of adverse motor outcomes. Adding clinical variables to the radiomics model enhanced predictive performance.
Anthropogenic influence of temperature changes across East Asia using CMIP6 simulations
Authors: Allabakash Shaik , Lim Sanghun 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe present study explores the impact of anthropogenic forcings (ANT) on surface air temperatures (SATs) across East Asia (EA) over a long period (1850–2014) using the new Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) datasets. Based on CMIP6 multi-model ensemble simulations, the historical simulations (twentieth century) and future (twenty-first century) SAT projections were investigated. Our calculations show that during 1850–2014, the combination of ANT and natural (NAT) (‘ALL = ANT + NAT’) forcings increased the EA’s SAT by 0.031 °C/decade, while a high increase of 0.08 °C/decade due to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The ANT forcing rapidly increased after 1969. As a result, SAT change was enhanced at a rate of 0.268 °C/decade and 0.255 °C/decade due to GHG and ALL forcings, respectively. Human-induced GHG emissions were the dominant factors driving SAT warming and will also contribute to substantial future warming trends. Additionally, the optimal fingerprinting method was used to signify the influence of ANT forcing on climate change in EA. In a two-signal analysis, the ANT forcing was distinctly detected and detached from NAT forcing. In three-signal analyses, GHG forcing was dominant and separated from AER and NAT forcings. The future projections from 2015 to 2100 were examined based on CMIP6 socioeconomic pathway emission scenarios.
Genomic analysis uncovers laccase-coding genes and biosynthetic gene clusters encoding antimicrobial compounds in laccase-producing Acinetobacter baumannii
Authors: Pooalai Renuka , Khongfak Supat , Leungtongkam Udomluk , Thummeepak Rapee , Kunthalert Duangkamol , Sitthisak Sutthirat 
Published: July 2022

AbstractLaccases are multicopper oxidase family enzymes that can oxidize various substrates. In this study, we isolated laccase-producing Acinetobacter spp. from the environment, and one isolate of laccase-producing Acinetobacter baumannii, designated NI-65, was identified. The NI-65 strain exhibited constitutive production of extracellular laccase in a crude extract using 2,6-dimethoxyphenol as a substrate when supplemented with 2 mM CuSO4. Whole-genome sequencing of the NI-65 strain revealed a genome size of 3.6 Mb with 3,471 protein-coding sequences. The phylogenetic analysis showed high similarity to the genome of A. baumannii NCIMB8209. Three laccase proteins, PcoA and CopA, that belong to bacterial CopA superfamilies, and LAC-AB, that belongs to the I-bacterial bilirubin oxidase superfamily, were identified. These proteins were encoded by three laccase-coding genes (pcoA, copA, and lac-AB). The lac-AB gene showed a sequence similar to that of polyphenol oxidase (PPO). Gene clusters encoding the catabolized compounds involved in the utilization of plant substances and secondary metabolite biosynthesis gene clusters encoding antimicrobial compounds were identified. This is the first report of whole-genome sequencing of laccase-producing A. baumannii, and the data from this study help to elucidate the genome of A. baumannii to facilitate its application in synthetic biology for enzyme production.
Cross-sectional computed tomography assessment of exophthalmos in comparison to clinical measurement via Hertel exophthalmometry
Authors: Klingenstein A. , Samel C. , Garip-Kübler A. , Hintschich C. , Müller-Lisse U. G. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractTo determine protrusion assessment via Hertel exophthalmometry in comparison to measurement on Computed Tomography (CT). Retrospective blinded comparison of exophthalmos measurements on axial CT with Hertel exophthalmometry measurements in 113 patients. Descriptive statistics, Pearson’s correlation, Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney-U test were employed for analysis. Mean difference of proptosis between both eyes was 2.4 (SD ± 2.0) mm in CT and 2.2 (SD ± 2.0) mm in Hertel measurements. Proptosis of 0–2 mm was present in 69 (61.1%), and > 2 mm in 42 (38.9%) patients in Hertel measurements (CT 64 (56.6%), and 49 (43.4%) patients). Pearson’s coefficient showed a correlation of 0.793 between both methods (p < 0.001). Accuracy of Hertel measurement depended significantly from the examiners’ experience (< 5 (group 1), 5–15 (2) and > 25 (3) years, p = 0.042, Kruskal–Wallis analysis; p = 0.086 group 1 vs. 2, p = 0.014 group 1 vs. 3, p = 0.688 group 2 vs. 3, Mann–Whitney-U-test), reflected by levels of Pearson’s coefficient (correlation of both methods 0.691 (group 1), 0.837 (2) and 0.831 (3), respectively, p = 0.01). Generally, Hertel exophthalmometry correlates well with CT measurements. Subgroup analysis confirmed a superior quality of Hertel measurements in favour of experienced examiners. Teaching of accurate Hertel exophthalmometry should be improved. Assessment of exophthalmos using standardized criteria should be implemented for imaging reports.
Phase-separated Ca and Mg-based nanoparticles in SiO$$_{2}$$ glass investigated by molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Fourmont Jorel , Blanc Wilfried , Guichaoua Dominique , Chaussedent Stéphane 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe development of new applications based on glass doped with nanoparticles is growing in interest during the last years. The structure and properties of Ca-based silicate nanoparticles formed in situ in a silica matrix through a phase separation mechanism were investigated by using Molecular Dynamics simulations and compared to nanoparticles formed from MgO-codoping. We showed that such nanoparticles have non-spherical shape, are amorphous and inhomogeneously distributed in the host glass. In this modeled structure, a release of non-bridging oxygen atoms, due to a depolymerization phenomenon of the nanoparticles’ silica network, was observed. Besides, we demonstrated that nanoparticles’ composition is size-dependent. Compared to Mg-silicate nanoparticles, Ca-based nanoparticles are larger, less concentrated in Ca, and we observed a steeper concentration change during the phase separation process. Those differences are related to the diffusion coefficients of Ca and Mg. This numerical analysis informs on the alkaline-earth nanoparticles’ properties within a host silica glass, which can be a relevant guide for the development of new materials for applications such as nanoparticle-doped optical fibers.