bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of matrix solidification on the structure formation in electromagnetic suspensions
Authors: Manikas Konstantinos , Hütter Markus , Anderson Patrick D. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
For suspensions with electromagnetic particles exposed to an external field, we examine the effect of the solidification of the suspending medium on the formation of particle structures, representative of the curing of a photo-reactive resin during stereolithography. To that end, Brownian Dynamics (BD) simulations are examined in which the solidification of the suspending medium can be incorporated by increasing its viscosity in the course of time. For illustrative purposes, it is assumed that the viscosity function is known apriori in explicit and parametrized form, however, experimental data can be used as well. It is demonstrated that one can study the effects of the viscosity increase by a transformation of time, akin to the time–temperature superposition principle, but here also in the presence of thermal noise on the suspended particles. Therefore, instead of performing BD simulations with a continuously increasing viscosity (computationally inefficient), we advocate performing simulations at a constant (low) viscosity and subsequently transform time (nonlinearly) for re-interpretation of the simulation results. So doing, one can predict the formation of particle structures during on-going solidification of the suspending medium. In practice, the viscosity increase is so drastic that further evolution of the particle structure can be considered as arrested after the characteristic transition-time of the viscosity is reached. Semi-quantitative rules of thumb are formulated for the 3D-printing practitioner.

Graphical Abstract
A Dynamic Soft Sensor Based on Hybrid Neural Networks to Improve Early Off-spec Detection
Authors: Hong Seokyoung , An Nahyeon , Cho Hyungtae , Lim Jongkoo , Han In-Su , Moon Il , Kim Junghwan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSoft sensors are widely used to predict hard-to-measure quality variables in industrial processes. For efficient quality control, prediction of quality dynamics is essential to prevent off-specification production in a process. Recently, dynamic soft sensors have been developed using machine learning techniques. Time-sequential information of quality variables is important to develop a robust dynamic model, but it is rarely considered in soft sensor modeling because there are insufficient data available to construct a time series of quality variables. Hence, we propose a hybrid sequence-to-sequence recurrent neural network-deep neural network (Seq2Seq RNN–DNN) to predict the quality dynamics for an early off-spec detection system. In the RNN unit, the encoder extracts the dynamic states of the process variables, and the decoder generates a time-relevant sequence to improve the long-term time-series prediction of sensor variables. Quality dynamics are then predicted using sensor variables in the DNN unit, trained using combined dataset consisting of offline analysis and simulation data to solve the problem of insufficient data. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed networks is demonstrated using a 2,3-butanediol distillation process.
Clinical utility of the BIWACO score for patients with atrial fibrillation after percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Takeda Teruki , Dohke Tomohiro , Ueno Yoshiki , Mastui Toshiki , Fujii Masanori , Takayama Tomoyuki , Dochi Kenichi , Miyamoto Akashi , Mabuchi Hiroshi , Wada Atsuyuki 
Published: July 2022

AbstractNo predictive clinical risk scores for net adverse clinical events (NACE) have been developed for patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). We evaluated NACE to develop clinically applicable risk-stratification scores in the Bleeding and thrombotic risk evaluation In patients With Atrial fibrillation under COronary intervention (BIWACO) study, a multicenter survey which has enrolled a total of 7837 patients. We also investigated the current status and time trends for the use of antithrombotic drugs. A total of 188 AF patients who had received PCI were examined. At discharge, 65% of patients were prescribed a triple therapy (TT), 6% were prescribed a dual therapy, the remaining 29% of patients received dual-antiplatelet therapy. After 4 years, the fraction of patients continuing TT decreased by 15%, whereas oral anticoagulant alone was only 2% of patients. NACE developed in 20% of patients, resulting in death in 5% of the patients, and the remaining 13% experienced bleeding events. We developed risk scores for NACE comprising the five strongest predictive items, which we designated BIWACO scores. The area under the curve was 0.774 for NACE. Our study explored the differences in treatment practices and guideline recommendations for antithrombotic therapy. We concluded that our BIWACO score is useful for predicting clinical outcomes in AF-patients after PCI.
Characteristic retinal atrophy pattern allows differentiation between pediatric MOGAD and MS after a single optic neuritis episode
Authors: Pakeerathan T. , Havla J. , Schwake C. , Salmen A. , Bigi S. , Abegg M. , Brügger D. , Ferrazzini T. , Runge A.-K. , Breu M. , Kornek B. , Bsteh G. , Felipe-Rucián A. , Ringelstein M. , Aktas O. , Karenfort M. , Wendel E. , Kleiter I. , Hellwig K. , Kümpfel T. , Thiels C. , Lücke T. , Gold R. , Rostasy K. , Ayzenberg I. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Optic neuritis (ON) is the most prevalent manifestation of pediatric multiple sclerosis (MSped) and myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGADped) in children > 6 years. In this study, we investigated retinal atrophy patterns and diagnostic accuracy of optical coherence tomography (OCT) in differentiating between both diseases after the first ON episode.

Methods
Patients were retrospectively identified in eight tertial referral centers. OCT, VEP and high/low-contrast visual acuity (HCVA/LCVA) have been investigated > 6 months after the first ON. Prevalence of pathological OCT findings was identified based on data of 144 age-matched healthy controls.

Results
Thirteen MOGADped (10.7 ± 4.2 years, F:M 8:5, 21 ON eyes) and 21 MSped (14.3 ± 2.4 years, F:M 19:2, 24 ON eyes) patients were recruited. We observed a significantly more profound atrophy of both peripapillary and macular retinal nerve fiber layer in MOGADped compared to MSped (pRNFL global: 68.2 ± 16.9 vs. 89.4 ± 12.3 µm, p < 0.001; mRNFL: 0.12 ± 0.01 vs. 0.14 ± 0.01 mm3, p < 0.001). Neither other macular layers nor P100 latency differed. MOGADped developed global atrophy affecting all peripapillary segments, while MSped displayed predominantly temporal thinning. Nasal pRNFL allowed differentiation between both diseases with the highest diagnostic accuracy (AUC = 0.902, cutoff < 62.5 µm, 90.5% sensitivity and 70.8% specificity for MOGADped). OCT was also substantially more sensitive compared to VEP in identification of ON eyes in MOGAD (pathological findings in 90% vs. 14%, p = 0.016).

Conclusion
First MOGAD-ON results in a more severe global peripapillary atrophy compared to predominantly temporal thinning in MS-ON. Nasal pRNFL allows differentiation between both diseases with the highest accuracy, supporting the additional diagnostic value of OCT in children with ON.
Long-term safety, discontinuation and mortality in an Italian cohort with advanced Parkinson’s disease on levodopa/carbidopa intestinal gel infusion
Authors: Garrì Federica , Russo Francesco Paolo , Carrer Tommaso , Weis Luca , Pistonesi Francesca , Mainardi Michele , Sandre Michele , Savarino Edoardo , Farinati Fabio , Del Sorbo Francesca , Soliveri Paola , Calandrella Daniela , Biundo Roberta , Carecchio Miryam , Zecchinelli Anna Lena , Pezzoli Gianni , Antonini Angelo 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Introduction
Levodopa/carbidopa intestinal gel (LCIG) is an effective treatment in patients with advanced Parkinson’s disease (PD) with consolidated evidence of clinical efficacy. However, only few studies have assessed long-term safety, causes of discontinuation, mortality, and relative predictors.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective analysis of 79 PD patients treated with LCIG between 2005 and 2020 in two Italian Neurological Centers, recording all adverse events (AEs), including weight loss (WL). Kaplan–Meier curve was used to estimate the time to discontinuation and survival. Cox proportional hazard model was employed to identify predictors of discontinuation and mortality, while Pearson’s correlation was used to analyze predictors of WL.

Results
The average follow-up was 47.7 ± 40.5 months and the median survival from disease onset was 25 years. There were three cases of polyradiculoneuropathy Guillain–Barre syndrome-like, all occurred in the early years of LCIG treatment. Twenty-five patients died (32%), 18 on LCIG (including one suicide) and seven after discontinuation. The mean WL was 3.62 ± 7.5 kg, which correlated with levodopa dose at baseline (p = 0.002), levodopa equivalent daily dose (LEDD) baseline (p = 0.017) and off-duration (p = 0.0014), but not dyskinesia. Peristomal complications emerged as a negative predictor of discontinuation (p = 0.008).

Conclusions
LCIG has a relatively satisfactory long-term safety profile and efficacy and a relatively low rate of discontinuation. Peristomal complications may represent a predictor of longer duration of therapy. According to the mortality analysis, LCIG patients show a long lifespan. Delaying the initiation of LCIG does not affect the sustainability of LCIG therapy.
Health and related behaviours of fly-in fly-out workers in the mining industry in Australia: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Asare Bernard Yeboah-Asiamah , Robinson Suzanne , Powell Daniel , Kwasnicka Dominika 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Fly-In Fly-Out (FIFO), which entails travelling mostly from the urban areas to stay and work in remote areas for designated periods and travel back home to spend designated days of leave, has become a common work arrangement in the mining sector globally. This study examined the mental and physical health of FIFO workers and described their health-related behaviours during on-and off-shift periods.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted with FIFO workers (N = 216) in the mining industry in Australia who completed an online survey. Paired t-test and McNemer’s analysis examined the differences in health-related behaviours during workers’ on-and off-shift days. Logistic regression examined the predictors of physical health and psychological distress status of FIFO workers.

Results
Workers reported longer sleep duration (7.5 ± 1.5 h vs 6.3 ± 1.2 h, p < 0.001) and better sleep quality (78.2% vs 46.3%, p < 0.001) during off-shift nights than on on-shift nights. Smoking prevalence was 26.4%, and workers reported smoking a similar number of cigarettes per day during on-and off-shift days. Most workers reported drinking alcohol (86.1%) and more often at risky levels during off-shift than on-shift days (57.9% vs 34.3%, p < 0.001). Fruits and vegetable consumption was low but with higher vegetable intake during off-shift days (2.8 ± 1.4 vs 2.3 ± 1.3 serves, p < 0.001). Workers had good physical health status (91.2%), but 71.4% were overweight/obese and 33.4% indicated high levels of psychological distress. Working on long shifts (OR 6.63, 95% CI 1.84–23.91) and smoking (OR 7.17, 95% CI 2.67–19.26) were linked to high psychological distress.

Conclusions
The prevalence of psychological distress and risky health behaviours was high. Interventions should aim to reduce psychological distress and support multiple behaviour changes, considering FIFO work-related characteristics including long shift hours.
Quenched universality for deformed Wigner matrices
Authors: Cipolloni Giorgio , Erdős László , Schröder Dominik 
Published: July 2022

AbstractFollowing E. Wigner’s original vision, we prove that sampling the eigenvalue gaps within the bulk spectrum of a fixed (deformed) Wigner matrix H yields the celebrated Wigner-Dyson-Mehta universal statistics with high probability. Similarly, we prove universality for a monoparametric family of deformed Wigner matrices $$H+xA$$

H
+
x
A

with a deterministic Hermitian matrix A and a fixed Wigner matrix H, just using the randomness of a single scalar real random variable x. Both results constitute quenched versions of bulk universality that has so far only been proven in annealed sense with respect to the probability space of the matrix ensemble.
Component Order Connectivity in Directed Graphs
Authors: Bang-Jensen Jørgen , Eiben Eduard , Gutin Gregory , Wahlström Magnus , Yeo Anders 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA directed graph D is semicomplete if for every pair x, y of vertices of D, there is at least one arc between x and y. Thus, a tournament is a semicomplete digraph. In the Directed Component Order Connectivity (DCOC) problem, given a digraph $$D=(V,A)$$

D
=
(
V
,
A
)

and a pair of natural numbers k and $$\ell $$
ℓ
, we are to decide whether there is a subset X of V of size k such that the largest strongly connected component in $$D-X$$

D
-
X

has at most $$\ell $$
ℓ
vertices. Note that DCOC reduces to the Directed Feedback Vertex Set problem for $$\ell =1.$$

ℓ
=
1
.

We study the parameterized complexity of DCOC for general and semicomplete digraphs with the following parameters: $$k, \ell ,\ell +k$$

k
,
ℓ
,
ℓ
+
k

and $$n-\ell $$

n
-
ℓ

. In particular, we prove that DCOC with parameter k on semicomplete digraphs can be solved in time $$O^*(2^{16k})$$

O
∗

(

2

16
k

)

but not in time $$O^*(2^{o(k)})$$

O
∗

(

2

o
(
k
)

)

unless the Exponential Time Hypothesis (ETH) fails. The upper bound $$O^*(2^{16k})$$

O
∗

(

2

16
k

)

implies the upper bound $$O^*(2^{16(n-\ell )})$$

O
∗

(

2

16
(
n
-
ℓ
)

)

for the parameter $$n-\ell .$$

n
-
ℓ
.

We complement the latter by showing that there is no algorithm of time complexity $$O^*(2^{o({n-\ell })})$$

O
∗

(

2

o
(

n
-
ℓ

)

)

unless ETH fails. Finally, we improve (in dependency on $$\ell $$
ℓ
) the upper bound of Göke, Marx and Mnich (2019) for the time complexity of DCOC with parameter $$\ell +k$$

ℓ
+
k

on general digraphs from $$O^*(2^{O(k\ell \log (k\ell ))})$$

O
∗

(

2

O
(
k
ℓ
log
(
k
ℓ
)
)

)

to $$O^*(2^{O(k\log (k\ell ))}).$$

O
∗

(

2

O
(
k
log
(
k
ℓ
)
)

)

.

Note that Drange, Dregi and van ’t Hof (2016) proved that even for the undirected version of DCOC on split graphs there is no algorithm of running time $$O^*(2^{o(k\log \ell )})$$

O
∗

(

2

o
(
k
log
ℓ
)

)

unless ETH fails and it is a long-standing problem to decide whether Directed Feedback Vertex Set admits an algorithm of time complexity $$O^*(2^{o(k\log k)}).$$

O
∗

(

2

o
(
k
log
k
)

)

.
Exploring the perceived impact of social support on the health behaviours of people living with and beyond cancer during the COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative study
Authors: Miller Natalie , Conway Rana , Pini Simon , Buck Caroline , Gil Natalie , Lally Phillippa , Beeken Rebecca J. , Fisher Abigail 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Purpose
Social support facilitated healthy behaviours in people living with and beyond cancer (LWBC) before the COVID-19 pandemic. Little is known about how social support impacted their health behaviours during the pandemic when social restrictions were imposed. The aim of this study was to qualitatively explore how social support was perceived to impact the health behaviours of people LWBC during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods
Semi-structured interviews were conducted via telephone with 24 adults living with and beyond breast, prostate and colorectal cancer. Inductive and deductive framework analysis was used to analyse the data.

Results
Five themes developed. These were (1) Companionship and accountability as motivators for physical activity, (2) Social influences on alcohol consumption, (3) Instrumental support in food practices, (4) Informational support as important for behaviour change and (5) Validation of health behaviours from immediate social networks.

Conclusion
This study described how companionship, social influence, instrumental support, informational support and validation were perceived to impact the health behaviours of people LWBC during the COVID-19 pandemic. Interventions for people LWBC could recommend co-participation in exercise with friends and family; promote the formation of collaborative implementation intentions with family to reduce alcohol consumption; and encourage supportive communication between partners about health behaviours. These interventions would be useful during pandemics and at other times. Government policies to help support clinically extremely vulnerable groups of people LWBC during pandemics should focus on providing access to healthier foods.
Automatic reconstruction of irregular shape defects in pulsed thermography using deep learning neural network
Authors: Liu Haochen , Li Wenhan , Yang Lichao , Deng Kailun , Zhao Yifan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractQuantitative defect and damage reconstruction play a critical role in industrial quality management. Accurate defect characterisation in Infrared Thermography (IRT), as one of the widely used Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) techniques, always demands adequate pre-knowledge which poses a challenge to automatic decision-making in maintenance. This paper presents an automatic and accurate defect profile reconstruction method, taking advantage of deep learning Neural Networks (NN). Initially, a fast Finite Element Modelling (FEM) simulation of IRT is introduced for defective specimen simulation. Mask Region-based Convolution NN (Mask-RCNN) is proposed to detect and segment the defect using a single thermal frame. A dataset with a single-type-shape defect is tested to validate the feasibility. Then, a dataset with three mixed shapes of defect is inspected to evaluate the method’s capability on the defect profile reconstruction, where an accuracy over 90% on Intersection over Union (IoU) is achieved. The results are compared with several state-of-the-art of post-processing methods in IRT to demonstrate the superiority at detailed defect corners and edges. This research lays solid evidence that AI deep learning algorithms can be utilised to provide accurate defect profile reconstruction in thermography NDT, which will contribute to the research community in material degradation analysis and structural health monitoring.
Meta-analytical analysis on components released from resin-based dental materials
Authors: De Angelis Francesco , Sarteur Nela , Buonvivere Matteo , Vadini Mirco , Šteffl Michal , D’Arcangelo Camillo 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Resin-based materials are applied in every branch of dentistry. Due to their tendency to release substances in the oral environment, doubts have been raised about their actual safety. This review aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the last decade literature regarding the concentrations of elutable substances released from dental resin-based materials in different type of solvents.

Materials and methods
All the literature published on dental journals between January 2010 and April 2022 was searched using international databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science). Due to strict inclusion criteria, only 23 papers out of 877 were considered eligible. The concentration of eluted substances related to surface and volume of the sample was analyzed, considering data at 24 h as a reference. The total cumulative release was examined as well.

Results
The most eluted substances were HEMA, TEGDMA, and BPA, while the less eluted were Bis-GMA and UDMA. Organic solvents caused significantly higher release of substances than water-based ones. A statistically significant inverse correlation between the release of molecules and their molecular mass was observed. A statistically significant positive correlation between the amount of released molecule and the specimen surface area was detected, as well as a weak positive correlation between the release and the specimen volume.

Conclusions
Type of solvent, molecular mass of eluates, and specimen surface and volume affect substances release from materials.

Clinical relevance
It could be advisable to rely on materials based on monomers with a reduced elution tendency for clinical procedures.
Anti-vinculin antibodies as a novel biomarker in Egyptian patients with systemic sclerosis
Authors: Ibrahim Noha Hosni , Fawzy Iman Mahmoud , Gouda Tahany Mahmoud , El Sayed Rasha Abdel Hameed , Morsi Maha Hosni , Sabry Al Shimaa Mohamed , Hashaad Nashwa Ismail 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Introduction
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an autoimmune disorder that causes vasculopathy and scarring, most commonly in the lungs and skin, but it can also affect other organs. Endothelial vinculin plays a critical role in angiogenesis regulation. Therefore, vinculin overexpression in SSc may give rise to anti-vinculin antibodies, which may contribute to the development of SSc vasculopathy. The current research aims to (1) determine whether anti-vinculin autoantibodies play a significant role in the diagnosis of SSc and (2) compare anti-vinculin serum levels between two scleroderma patient populations, namely, pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH)–predominant and interstitial pulmonary fibrosis (IPF)–predominant groups.

Methods
This research included 140 participants categorized into three groups: group I—patients with PAH-predominant; group II—patients with ILD-predominant; group III—the control group. Anti-vinculin antibodies were detected in serum samples collected from all participants using ELISA. All subjects underwent high-resolution computed tomography (CT), diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide, and pulmonary function tests.

Results
Patients in group I (PAH-predominant group, N = 35) were 41.3 [± 11.4] years old, with 80% being women. Patients in group II (ILD-predominant group, N = 35) were 41.0 [± 11.5] years old. The SSc group showed significantly higher anti-vinculin antibody levels than the control group (P < 0.001). The PAH-predominant group demonstrated significantly higher anti-vinculin antibody levels and anti-vinculin positivity than the ILD-predominant group.

Conclusion
Anti-vinculin antibodies in the blood appear to be diagnostic biomarkers for scleroderma. Furthermore, they shed light on some novel perspectives on the pathophysiology of specific lung fibrotic changes.

Key Points• This study included two groups of systemic sclerosis patients (PAH-predominant group, ILD-predominant group) as well as a control group to investigate the significance of anti-vinculin antibodies in such cases.• Our results have demonstrated that anti-vinculin antibodies can play a significant role in diagnosing and monitoring systemic sclerosis disease.
Die deutsche Abhängigkeit von russischem Gas
Authors: Gleißner Werner , Follert Florian 
Published: July 2022

ZusammenfassungRisikomanagement erscheint zunächst als originär betriebswirtschaftliches Sujet. Globale Krisen wie die internationale Finanzkrise, die COVID-19-Pandemie oder der russische Angriffskrieg sowie die daraus folgenden energiepolitischen Fragen zeigen jedoch, dass der staatliche Umgang mit Risiken eine systematische Integration in den politischen Entscheidungsprozess benötigt. Es ist essenziell, Entscheidungstragende für staatliches Risikomanagement zu sensibilisieren und Instrumente sowie Institutionen aufzuzeigen, die in der Lage sein könnten, die gegenwärtige Risikoblindheit zu mindern, um Deutschland aus der Perspektive des Risikomanagements zu einem „robusten Staat“ weiterzuentwickeln.