bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adaptive Optimal Sustainability Framework In Urban Water Supply System Under Different Runoff Scenarios
Authors: Moudi Mahdi 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Recent droughts have caused a crisis in the water supply procedure, because as available water resources become more limited, the imbalance between the growing water demand and water supply in different sectors leads to unsustainability in the system. Thus, this study proposes a dynamic model to optimize water supply system under different scenarios aimed at improving sustainability of system. In fact, due to the negative impacts of the water crisis, the sustainability of the dynamic water supply system is evaluated and optimized according to the performance indicators of the system. Also, to investigate the proposed model, a real case study of the Sistan basin in Iran over ten years period is conducted. Based on the model, different management insights along with the scenario analysis are considered in order to assess the sustainability of system in more detail. According to the final output, the highest level of sustainability is related to the domestic sector because it has higher reliability and less vulnerability than other sectors.
Evaluation of user experiences for the Clean Team Ghana container-based sanitation service in Kumasi, Ghana
Authors: Tidwell James B. , Nyarko Kwabena B. , Ross Ian , Dwumfour-Asare Bismark , Scott Pippa 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
There are few affordable and acceptable sanitation solutions for dense, low-income urban settlements. Though container-based toilets are a safely managed sanitation solution, little is known about user experiences to inform how such a solution should be viewed by governments. We conducted a before and after enrolment study of objective and subjective measures of sanitation quality due to the Clean Team Ghana (CTG) container-based toilet service in Kumasi, Ghana from June to December 2019. We collected data immediately prior to installation and 10 weeks afterwards for 292 customers. Most of them initially used public toilets with good structural quality, but sometimes these toilets had poor hygiene, lacked handwashing facilities, and required a 14.3-min mean time to use. We found that CTG delivered a high-quality service that positively impacted the quality of life of customers, saved them money, reduced gender gaps in the quality of life, and addressed the needs of those with physical disabilities. Problems with the CTG service, such as leaking, filling, smelling, or not being replaced as scheduled, were reported by fewer than 10% of customers. This evaluation supports the growing body of evidence that container-based sanitation provides a service valued by users in dense urban settlements.
The synthesis of an amended membrane coated with graphene oxide and dopamine and guanidyl-based modifier and its antifouling properties
Authors: Dongmei Li , Wenjie Li , Shubin Li , Zhiqiang Zhan , Junyu Liao , Tianyue Zhang , Xiaoyong Liu , yi Huang , Haiqiang Chen , Zhicheng Liao 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The membrane fouling issue has aroused great concern. To improve their antifouling properties, surface grafting with oxidative deposition were employed to amend a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane. The modifiers were amino-modified graphene oxide (AMGO), dopamine (DPA) and 1,3-diaminoguanidine hydrochloride (DAGH). To take bovine serum albumin (BSA, 1 g/l) as an example of organic materials, BSA interception rate and pure water flux recovery rate increased to 93.65% and 66.74%, respectively, while the corresponding values for the original membrane were much lower (72.82% and 31.72%). The optimum synthesis conditions were found to be 1.5 mg/ml of DPA, 1 wt% of DAGH, 2 mg/ml of AMGO, 4 h of DPA oxidation deposition time and 1 h of AMGO grafting time. Many functional groups like C = N, -NH2, C = O and -OH improved the membrane surface hydrophilicity leading to a higher resistance to organic pollution. Dopamine and guanidyl facilitated the antimicrobial performance of the modified membrane, whose antimicrobial rate was up to 96%, while the raw membrane had no antimicrobial activity. The amended membrane possessed 40% higher mechanical strength than the initial one. It could withstand a high pumping suction force. The noteworthy property was that the irreversible fouling rate decreased by 55%. Therefore, the amended membrane could restore its flux much more easily.
Evaluation of a Digitally Guided Self-Rehabilitation Device Coupled With Telerehabilitation Monitoring in Patients With Parkinson Disease (TELEP@RK): Open, Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Blanc Margaux , Roy Anne-Laure , Fraudet Bastien , Piette Patrice , Le Toullec Elodie , Nicolas Benoit , Gallien Philippe , Leblong Emilie 
Published: February 2022

Background
Parkinson disease is a neurodegenerative disease causing a progressive loss of autonomy. This requires long-term rehabilitation care. Currently, new technologies are being developed for use in daily life, and there is a progressive implementation of telerehabilitation.

Objective
The aim of this study (the TELEP@RK study) is to evaluate the uses of a digital self-rehabilitation device in patients with Parkinson disease and their independent physiotherapists on the scale of a health territory.

Methods
A total of 10 independent physiotherapists and 31 patients with Parkinson disease were followed for 1 year to evaluate the use of a telerehabilitation tool (digital tablet and inertial sensor) via questionnaires of the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT). The questionnaires were submitted to participants at 0, 2, and 12 months from the start of follow-up. The averages of the scores of the different determinants and constructs of the UTAUT questionnaires were compared at the different follow-up times.

Results
Among professionals, the averages of the various determinants were generally high at the beginning of the study with an average (out of 5) performance expectancy of 4.19, effort expectancy of 3.88, social influence of 3.95, facilitating conditions of 4, and intention to use of 3.97. These averages decreased over time.

Conclusions
Acceptability, acceptance, and appropriation of the tool were very high among the physiotherapists as well as the patients, despite the tool’s lack of evolution during the study. In the current health care context, these results allow us to envision a new organization of the care pathway for patients with chronic diseases, with the increased use of new technologies associated with telecare.
Exploring Older Adults’ Adoption and Use of a Tablet Computer During COVID-19: Longitudinal Qualitative Study
Authors: Kim Sunyoung , Yao Willow , Du Xiaotong 
Published: February 2022

Background
As mobile computing technology evolves, such as smartphones and tablet computers, it increasingly offers features that may be particularly beneficial to older adults. However, the digital divide exists, and many older adults have been shown to have difficulty using these devices. The COVID-19 pandemic has magnified how much older adults need but are excluded from having access to technologies to meet essential daily needs and overcome physical distancing restrictions.

Objective
This study sought to understand how older adults who had never used a tablet computer learn to use it, what they want to use it for, and what barriers they experience as they continue to use it during social isolation caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods
We conducted a series of semistructured interviews with eight people aged 65 years and older for 16 weeks, investigating older novice users’ adoption and use of a tablet computer during the nationwide lockdown due to COVID-19.

Results
Participants were gradually yet successfully accustomed to using a tablet computer to serve various daily needs, including entertainment, social connectedness, and information-seeking. However, this success was not achieved through developing sufficient digital skills but rather by applying the methods they were already familiar with in its operation, such as taking and referring to instruction notes.

Conclusions
Our findings imply that older adults without digital literacy can still benefit from a digital device for quality of later life if proper traditional methods they are already familiar with are offered in its use.
Evaluation of the Leishmania Surveillance System, Yemen, 2021
Authors: Aldaeri Magdi , Anam Labiba , Alhaidari Sami 
Published: February 2022

Background
Control of preventive chemotherapy-targeted neglected tropical diseases (PC-NTDs) depends on strengthened health systems. Efficient health information systems provide a stimulus to reaching the sustainable development goal aimed at ending PC-NTD epidemics. However, there is limited assessment of surveillance system functions linked to PC-NTDs that are hinged on the optimal performance of surveillance system attributes.

Objective
The aim of this study was to assess the usefulness and performance of the National Leishmania Control Program (NLCP), and to estimate the strength and weakness points of the system.

Methods
We followed the updated six steps of Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention (CDC) guidelines for evaluating public health surveillance systems. Data were collected using in-depth interviews with relevant stakeholders at the central level and semistructured questionnaires at the peripheral level. We used questions (yes, no) to assess the usefulness and a 5-point Likert scale to measure the attributes. The final score was interpreted as poor (<60), average (60-80), and good (>80).

Results
The NLCP seemed to be useful (86%) and some of its objectives were met. The system has average performance in flexibility (78%), simplicity (64%), acceptability (80%), and data quality (65%). Poor performance was indicated for stability (33%) and timeliness (8%). The overall performance of the NLCP was deemed to be poor (55%). Continuation of the system was the strongest point, whereas the lack of governmental and agency funds was the weakest point.

Conclusions
The NLCP was found to be useful regarding the attributes assessed; simplicity, flexibility, acceptability, and data quality were deemed to be average, whereas stability and timeliness were considered to be poor. Governmental financial support to the program is highly recommended. In addition, creating a database for staff at the peripheral level and expanding the number of health facilities that serve as Leishmania units are required.
Consumers’ Food Safety Knowledge and Practices During COVID-19 in Jordan: Web-based Survey
Authors: Al Zein Eva Inam , Rashaideh Amjad , Kheirallah Khaled , Khazally Hala , Syaheen Mamoun 
Published: February 2022

Background
In Western countries, several studies have reported changes in consumers’ behaviors regarding food safety in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The shared responsibility of food safety, between governments, food businesses, and consumers, has been well recognized and calls for extra preventive measures and recommendations to be introduced for food handlers, producers, and consumers. Little, however, is known about food safety in developing countries, including Jordan.

Objective
This study assessed the food safety knowledge and behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic era in Jordan.

Methods
A web-based, self-administered questionnaire, published via the Jordan Food and Drug Administration website and social media platforms (March-July 2021), was utilized. The questionnaire assessed COVID-19 preventive measures (11 questions), food safety knowledge, (13 questions), and food safety practices (12 questions). Descriptive statistics were presented.

Results
In total, 969 respondents gave valid responses, of which 588 (60.7%) were females, 325 (33.5%) were 38-49 years old, 628 (64.8%) were married, 623 (64.3%) had college or bachelor degrees, 376 (38.8%) were from the central region, 809 (83.5%) were living in urban settings, and 313 (32.3%) had a medical background. The mean (SD) food safety knowledge score was 8.34 (2.33; range 0-13). Mean food safety knowledge scores were significantly different (P<.05) by age, marital status, education, field of study, training in food safety, employment status, monthly family income, and area of residence but not by gender and number of family members. Statistically significant correlations between mean knowledge scores and COVID-19 practice scores (P<.001, r=0.183) and food safety practice scores (P<.001, r=0.346) were detected.

Conclusions
Consumers seem to have adequate food safety knowledge and follow COVID-19-related preventive measures, which may transfer to better food practices and prevention of diseases, such as foodborne illnesses and COVID-19. Further studies and interventions in this regard are needed in Jordan.
Impact of Multiple Hygienic Interventions on Caregivers’ Behaviors in a Conflict Setting, Yemen: Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Al-Taj Mansour , Al Serouri Abdulawed 
Published: February 2022

Background
Several household hygiene programs have been implemented by the Ministry of Public Health and Population and international nongovernment organizations to reduce the risk factors related to child morbidity and mortality in Yemen. However, no research has been conducted to assess the impact of such interventions on caregivers’ hygiene behavior. We therefore carried out a cluster-randomized controlled trial to assess whether such interventions could improve caregivers’ hygiene behavior.

Objective
The study aims to identify the impact of hygiene promotion interventions on mothers’ practices related to water, sanitation, and hygiene.

Methods
A 6-month cluster-randomized controlled trial was conducted in Hufash District of Al-Mahweet Province in Yemen from May to October 2015. In total, 20 villages were randomly selected and assigned to an intervention arm that received hygiene promotional interventions and a control arm. In total, 358 households were interviewed at baseline and the endpoint. A logistic regression model was fitted to data, and the adjusted odds ratio (AOR) was used to estimate the effect size of the intervention.

Results
The intervention made significant improvements in caregivers’ handwashing after using a latrine (AOR 2.6, 95% CI 1.75-3.90) and before feeding the baby (AOR 1.8, 95% CI 1.14-2.92), safe disposal of child feces (AOR 2.0, 95% CI 1.35-2.53), covering of remaining food (AOR 1.1, 95% CI 1.08-1.19), cleaning of cooking utensils (AOR 1.27, 95% CI 1.08-1.51), and cleanness of drinking water storage containers (AOR 1.3, 95% CI 1.17-1.46). However, the intervention had no effect on caregivers’ handwashing practices after cleaning child feces, before preparing food, and before eating a meal, as well as no improvement in cleanness of the floor of the kitchen.

Conclusions
The findings from this trial reveal the important role that hygiene promotion can play in improving caregivers’ behaviors that could lead to better child health in high-risk communities where access to primary health care is limited.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03810430; https://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT03810430
Use and Outcomes of Induction Therapy in Well-Matched Kidney Transplant Recipients
Authors: Evans Rhys D.R. , Lan James H. , Kadatz Matthew , Brar Sandeep , Chang Doris T. , McMichael Lachlan , Gill Jagbir , Gill John S. 
Published: February 2022

Background and objectives
The optimal induction treatment in low–immune risk kidney transplant recipients is uncertain. We therefore investigated the use and outcomes of induction immunosuppression in a low-risk cohort of patients who were well matched with their donor at HLA-A, -B, -DR, -DQB1 on the basis of serologic typing.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
Our study was an observational study of first adult kidney-only transplant recipients in the United States recorded by the Organ Procurement and Transplant Network.

Results
Among 2976 recipients, 57% were treated with T cell–depleting antibodies, 28% were treated with an IL-2 receptor antagonist, and 15% were treated without induction. There was no difference in allograft survival, death-censored graft survival, or death with function between patients treated with an IL-2 receptor antagonist and no induction therapy. In multivariable models, patients treated with T cell–depleting therapy had a similar risk of graft loss from any cause, including death (hazard ratio, 1.19; 95% confidence interval, 0.98 to 1.45), compared with patients treated with an IL-2 receptor antagonist or no induction. The findings were consistent in subgroup analyses of Black recipients, patients grouped by calculated panel reactive antibody, and donor source. The incidence of acute rejection at 1 year was low (≤5%) and did not vary between treatment groups.

Conclusions
Use of induction therapy with T cell–depleting therapy or IL-2 receptor antagonists in first kidney transplant recipients who are well matched with their donor at the HLA-A, -B, -DR, -DQB1 gene loci is not associated with improved post-transplant outcomes.
ESTRATEGIAS DE AFRONTAMIENTO Y MIEDO A HABLAR EN PÚBLICO EN ESTUDIANTES UNIVERSITARIOS A NIVEL DE GRADO
Authors: Maldonado Iván , Reich Micaela 
Published: February 2022

En Uruguay son escasas las investigaciones científicas que estudian la relación entre Miedo a Hablar en Público y Afrontamiento, y menos las que estudian el papel de variables socio-demográficas. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo describir y comparar los niveles de Miedo o Ansiedad de Hablar en Púbico (CASO-A30) y las Estrategias de Afrontamiento (Brief COPE) de los estudiantes de 2do. y 4to. año a nivel de grado y la incidencia de variables socio-demográficas (Encuesta elaborada ad hoc para este estudio). La muestra analizada (n= 76), 34 alumnos de 2do. año y 42 alumnos de 4to., se compuso mayoritariamente por mujeres (88,2%) de entre 21 y 25 años (57,9%) sin actividad laboral (61,8%); aportó información por medio de cuestionarios de auto-informe, hallándose correlaciones negativas y positivas estadísticamente significativas entre las variables dependientes y algunas socio-demográficas. Se concluyó que las mujeres de entre 21 y 25 años, cursando 2do. año y sin actividad laboral evidenciaron ser la población de mayor vulnerabilidad.
El sueño de tener una Intranet que funcione como Wikipedia
Authors: Blanco Diana , Lavore Dafne , Pepe Ana Inés 
Published: February 2022

¿Cuándo Intranet se convierte en un éxito como herramienta de comunicación interna en las organizaciones? ¿Por qué algunas veces es un fracaso? En este artículo, las autoras discuten cómo la transmisión de información trasciende las posibilidades tecnológicas y la voluntad de los directores y depende, también, de las redes de comunicación informal.
Marketing por Internet
Authors: Rocca María Inés 
Published: February 2022

¿Cómo lograr que una organización aparezca mejor rankeada en los portales de búsqueda en Internet? ¿Qué criterio utilizan los grandes motores de búsqueda, como Google o Yahoo, para ubicar a una organización en los primeros lugares de búsqueda relacionadas al posicionamiento en Internet? Éstas y otras preguntas que varios nos hemos hecho en torno a este tema son las que Miguel Todaro pretende contestar en su libro Internet Marketing Methods Revealed.
Ataque de pánico. Un corto de ciencia ficción y distribución digital
Authors: Gersberg Betina 
Published: February 2022

Es un cortometraje de ciencia ficción sobre la invasión y destrucción de Montevideo en manos de unos robots gigantes. El corto logró una difusión vertiginosa cuando su director, Federico Álvarez (Montevideo, 1978) lo subió a YouTube. El video captó la atención de Hollywood y Sam Raimi, productor del Hombre Araña, contrató por un millón de dólares al uruguayo para que filme en 2010 su primer largometraje de ciencia ficción, a rodarse en Uruguay y Argentina, y con un costo de producción de 30 millones de dólares.
Un juego infinito de significaciones
Authors: Zabaleta Virginia 
Published: February 2022

Las posibilidades para las investigaciones sociales se amplían y enriquecen al integrar fuentes alternativas para el análisis de datos y la generación de conocimiento. En este artículo, la autora presenta la importancia del análisis de fotografías para la investigación histórica y social, y propone caminos para desarrollar este campo en nuestro país.
Comunicar comunidad
Authors: Scafati Alejandra 
Published: February 2022

Robert White s.j. es norteamericano, especialista y profesor en Medios de comunicación, religión y cultura y Ética de la comunicación. Académico reconocido que ha hecho aportes significativos para el desarrollo teórico de la comunicación. Participa en el Comité Editorial de la revista DiaLogos de la Federación Latinoamericana de Facultades de Comunicación (FELAFACS).
El mito y los <i>mass media</i>
Authors: Mazza Javier 
Published: February 2022

¿Qué puede llegar a tener que ver el mito con el cine?, ¿con la televisión? ¿con el cómic? Dice el autor de este texto que “la palabra mito nos suena a algo alejado, ajeno, exótico, pasado de moda y que poco tiene que ver con nosotros. Le sobrevuela el fantasma del dogma y entonces lo descartamos de manera casi automática, lo desestimamos en virtud de su aparente carencia de racionalidad, de su primitivismo estereotipado.”Los defensores del valor y poder del mito aparecen, señala el autor, como unos seres anticuados, cuasi primarios, que intentan sostener una forma de pensamiento tan arcaica que nada tiene que ver con el individuo contemporáneo, el hombre de la era de los medios de comunicación masiva y el auge de la tecnología. En este artículo, Javier Mazza propone que existe una carencia de novedad en el pensamiento y en las representaciones artísticas modernas y posmodernas. Y, además, que es inconcebible pensar en una evolución del tipo moderno en el pensamiento, que es imposible creer en el cambio de un paradigma a otro como un proceso de ruptura y reconstrucción, sino que en realidad lo que tiene lugar es un proceso de adaptación y reelaboración de contenidos arquetípicos permanentes. Para ello, el autor analiza las figuras y los patrones mitológicos presentes en los medios de comunicación masiva, y muestra de qué manera podemos poner de manifiesto la conexión que existe entre los héroes mitológicos y los de los mass media.Palabras clave: mito, cultura, arquetipos, héroes mitológicos, héroes de los mass media.How can the myth possibly be related to the cinema? And with the TV or comics? This paper’s author sustains that “the word myth may sound remote, exotic, old fashioned and like something that has little to do with us. It is surrounded by the phantom of dogma, therefore we disregard it almost automatically and we underestimate it because of its apparent lack of rationality and its stereotyped primitivism.” Those who defend the value and power of the myth, the author says, are seen like antiquated beings, almost primary, trying to hold on to a way of thinking so archaic that has nothing to do with the contemporary individual, the man of the mass media era and the rise of technology. In this paper, Javier Mazza suggests that there is mainly a lack of novelty in thought and in modern and postmodern artistic representations. Also, that they say something even worse: that it is inconceivable to think of a modern-type evolution of thought and that it is impossible to believe that the change from one paradigm to another is a process of rupture and reconstruction. What really takes place is a process of adaptation and rework of permanent archetypical contents. To illustrate this point of view, the author analyzes the patterns and mythological figures present in the mass media showing in which way we can establish a clear connection between the mythological and mass media heroes.Key words: myth, culture, archetype, mythological heores, mass media heores.