bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antioxidant Activity from Cymodocea serrulata Seagrass Crude Extract
Authors: Divyashri S. , Arivarasu Lakshminarayanan , Sivaperumal Pitchiah , Thangavelu Lakshmi 
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Cymodocea can be found in clear water and in the high intertidal areas.The antioxidant study of the extract of C. serrulata shows the highest free radical scavenging property on ethanol extract. This may be due to the presence of high phenolic compounds. The study brings out the medicinal value of C. serrulata which can be used as a nutraceutical compound in various food and pharmaceutical industries.Antioxidants are defending your body cell from damage caused by free radicals when they accumulated may cause oxidative stress. The synthetic antioxidants are producing more side effects, while natural antioxidants play a major role in scavenging free radicals without side-effects.
Aim: To analyse the antioxidant activity from cymodocea serrulata sea grass from crude extract.
Materials and Methodology: The fresh leaves of Cymodocea serrulata were collected from parangipettai coastal area, Tamil Nadu. The seagrass are washed thoroughly with tap water then shade dried on table tissue paper for 2-3 weeks and turn into a fine power. And 10g of dried powdered seagrass samples were mixed with 100ml of methanol/Ethanol.
Using DPPH assay, to extract 0.1ml add equal volume of DPPH 0.1 ml . After 20 min, absorb at 517 nm. Ascorbic acid is used as a standard concentration and DPPH was calculated.
Results: The result concludes that Cymodocea serrulata showed good antioxidant activity. when concentration increases the percentage of the zone of inhibition is also increased, which shows that it shows a good antioxidant activity.
Conclusion: In this study antioxidant activity was checked by using Cymodocea serrulata. Using DPPH assay, it has concluded that it has strong antioxidant activity from crude extract. In the future it can be used for medication and further studies can be done by using individual components for various particles.
Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Boerhavia diffusa Zinc Oxide Nanoparticle
Authors: Jalan R. Shradha , Arivarasu Lakshminarayanan , Rajeshkumar S. , Thangavelu Lakshmi 
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Boerhaavia diffusa is a species of flowering plant in the four o'clock family which is commonly known as punarnava, red spiderling, spreading hogweed, or tarvine. It is taken in herbal medicine for pain relief and other uses. Zinc oxide is used to treat or prevent minor skin irritations such as burns, cuts, and diaper rash. Some products may be used as sunscreen.
Materials and Methods: Bovine serum albumin was used for the assay. 2ml of bovine albumin was mixed with 400micro microliter of hyaluronic acid mediated zinc nanoparticles in different concentrations. Diclofenac sodium in different concentrations was used as standard and then incubated for 55 c for 20 min and then the result was analysed spectrometrically.
Results: According to the results, at 10μl, 20μl ,30μl , 40μl and 50μl concentration the percentage of inhibition is 25%, 50%, 75%, 85%, 90%, when compared to standard concentration and its percentage of inhibition is 95% . As the concentration increases, the percentage of inhibition also increases.
Conclusion: From the above study, it is evident that zinc sulphate nanoparticles synthesised by Boerhevia diffusa based showed a potent anti-inflammatory effect.
Exploration of Antioxidant Effects of Crude Extract of Mangrove Plant - Avicennia marina
Authors: Lakshme P. S. Thana , Roy Anitha , Sivaperumal Pitchiah , Lakshmi T. 
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Antioxidants are efficient in the prevention of human diseases. Mangroves are high bioactive compounds with good holistic bioactivities including insecticides. Avicennia marina, a mangrove plant which has its origin in South Africa included in the family Acanthaceae.
Aim: To explore the antioxidant potential of methanolic extract of mangrove plants, Avicennia marina.
Materials and Methods: The fresh leaves of Avicennia marina were collected from Pichavaram mangrove forest area. The leaves were washed and then shade dried for 2-3weeks and turned into a fine powder. ​Crude methanolic extract of Avicenna marina was prepared. Total antioxidant activity, DPPH Assay and scavenging activity of hydrogen peroxide were performed and antioxidant potential was assessed using ascorbic acid as standard.
Results: The scavenging activity increased with increase in concentration of the extract and thus antioxidant activity was dose dependent. The total antioxidant activity was more close to the ascorbic acid equivalence.
Conclusion: This study concludes that the methanolic extract of Avicenna marina is capable of scavenging a wide range of free radicals for which it can be exploited for the treatment of various free radical mediated diseases. It is evident that mangrove species as a collective are rich sources of antioxidants, phenolics and antimicrobial compounds.
Evaluation of Morphology and Prevalence of Palatogingival Grooves on Affected Maxillary Anterior Teeth using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography
Authors: Sathawane Ramhari , Sukhadeve Vidyarjan , Gaikwad Romita , Talatule Dhiran , Deshmukh Pranada , Tayade Charwak 
Published: February 2022

Background: Palatogingival groove (PG), a developmental anomaly, originates in cingulum and extends to varying distances apically. It is an ideal pathway for oral bacteria to invade periodontal tissues causing periodontal damage, pulp necrosis, apical periodontitis and endo-periodontal deformity which is not easily perceived until sinus tract infection appears in mouth. It presents a challenge to most clinicians as it requires an interdisciplinary approach to diagnosis and treatment planning.
Aim and Objective: To evaluate the prevalence and characteristics of palatogingival grooves (PGs) in maxillary anterior teeth on CBCT.
Materials and Methods: CBCT examinations of 707 teeth in 120 patients (Female-41, Male-79) were evaluated retrospectively. Maxillary central incisors, lateral incisors and canine were investigated for the presence or absence of PGs and PG type using the Gu classification (type I, II, or III). 3D CBCT images were used for evaluation of PGs. Radiographic features of PGs were noted and differences were evaluated and results were obtained. Differences was considered significant for p ≤ 0.05.
Results: The PGs were observed in 61 teeth. Type 1 PG is found more prevalent in males (30.37%) than in females (12.19%) followed by type 2(male-12.65%, females-4.87%) and type 3 (male-3.75%). Higher prevalence for Type 1 PG was seen in the lateral incisor followed by central incisor and canine and had a male predominance. Type 2 PG showed equal prevalence for lateral & central incisor and male predominance. Type 3 PG showed higher prevalence for lateral incisors and male predominance.
Conclusion: Prevalence of PGs was found to be 8.62%. PG facilitate bacterial colonization leading to periodontitis, pulp necrosis and endo-periodontal lesion in an apparently normal tooth which pose challenges in its diagnosis and management for survival of tooth.
Flexible and Alternately Layered High‐Loading Film Electrode based on 3D Carbon Nanocoils and PEDOT:PSS for High‐Energy‐Density Supercapacitor
Authors: Huang Hui , Zhao Yongpeng , Cong Tianze , Li Chengwei , Wen Ningxuan , Zuo Xueqing , Guo Yuan , Zhang Hao , Fan Zeng , Pan Lujun 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe development of flexible carbon‐based film electrodes with high loading and sufficient electron/ion transport channels is of great significance but still challenging. Herein, a flexible high‐loading (over 15 mg cm–2) film with 3D hierarchical pores is prepared by an alternate deposition of carbon nanocoils (CNCs) and poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS). The unique alternate architecture of CNC/PEDOT:PSS bilayers possesses porous structure constructed by interconnected CNCs, which serves as transfer channels and storage chambers of ions. Meanwhile, the PEDOT:PSS layers anchoring CNCs function as not only the cement to ensure the stability of the film structure but also the current collectors to improve electron transfer kinetics between interlayers. The film electrode shows excellent flexibility and electrochemical properties. It delivers a high areal capacitance of 1402.5 mF cm–2 at 0.25 mA cm–2 and a superior stability even at an extremely high current density of 50 mA cm–2 after 10 000 cycles. The corresponding solid‐state supercapacitor has great energy storage ability and steady capacitance response under various deformation. The device achieves a superb energy density of 211 μW h cm–2 with a wide potential window of 2 V. This strategy paves a road for the controllable fabrication of high‐performance flexible electrodes and supercapacitors.
Anchoring a Xenogeneic Antigen‐Guided Immune Activation System to Tumor Cell Membrane for Solid Tumor Treatment
Authors: Wang Jingwen , Wang Jing , Xu Junjie , Hou Ting , Yin Li , Chen Huan , Ma Yu , Chen Wanting , Wang Zhiyi , Hou Yanglong , Ding Ya 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe low immunogenicity of tumor antigens and their limited expression on the surface of tumor cells are important reasons for the low response rate of cancer immunotherapy, especially for solid tumors. Here, a physical anchoring strategy to label a safe xenogeneic antigen to the surface of tumor cells in vivo for effective and selective guide of immune response is demonstrated. Specifically, dandelion‐like nanovesicle (DNV‐OVA) assembled by amphiphilic Au‐Fe3O4 Janus nanoparticles as the anchoring device and employing ovalbumin (OVA) as a model antigen is constructed. The DNV‐OVA plays two important roles in body. It labels “non‐self” signals (OVA, 51.0%) to tumor cell surface, thereby effectively inducing antibody dependent cell‐mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). In parallel, the ADCC mechanism releases tumor antigens from lysed tumor cells, which are phagocytosed by dendritic cells and selectively activate T cells. These T cells precisely control the proliferation of residual tumor cells. Anchoring xenogeneic antigens to tumor cells is a universal approach applicable to a broad range of solid tumors.
Cobalt(III) Complexes as Bifunctional Hydrogen‐Bond Donor Catalysts Featuring Halide Anions for Cyclic Carbonate Synthesis at Ambient Temperature and Pressure: A Mechanistic Insight
Authors: Emelyanov Mikhail A. , Lisov Alexey A. , Medvedev Michael G. , Maleev Victor I. , Larionov Vladimir A. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe metal‐templated hydrogen bond donors (HBD) are prospective catalytic systems for the activation of organic molecules in chemical reactions. Here we report the application of the chiral cationic Co(III) complexes based on commercially available (S,S)‐1,2‐diaminocyclohexane and (R,R)‐1,2‐diphenylethylendiamine and salicylaldehydes with an iodide counter‐anion as bifunctional one‐component hydrogen bond donor/nucleophilic catalysts for the conversion of carbon dioxide with epoxides into valuable cyclic carbonates under solvent‐ and co‐catalyst free conditions. We demonstrated that (R,R)‐1,2‐diphenylethylendiamine based complex Λ(R,R)‐2 is superior to (S,S)‐1,2‐diaminocyclohexane based Δ(S,S)‐1 a catalyzing the reaction at ambient conditions (RT and 1 bar CO2). The TON and TOF values of 850 and 35 h−1, respectively, were achieved at low catalyst loading (0.1 mol %) at 10 bars of CO2 and 100 °C. Furthermore, the Co(III) complexes catalyzed the reaction with diluted air/CO2 mixture (15 vol % of CO2) producing the desired styrene carbonate in up to 75% yield. A plausible catalytic cycle consistent with all experimental observations was proposed based on DFT calculations. The DFT calculations elucidated the difference in the ring opening step in cases of propylene oxide and styrene oxide. In addition, the kinetic resolution of terminal epoxides was observed with selectivity factor (s) of up to 1.6 in case of the complex Λ(R,R)‐2.
Addressing the disparities in dementia risk, early detection and care in Latino populations: Highlights from the second Latinos & Alzheimer's Symposium
Authors: Quiroz Yakeel T. , Solis Michele , Aranda María P. , Arbaje Alicia I. , Arroyo‐Miranda Mirna , Cabrera Laura Y. , Carrasquillo Minerva Maria , Corrada Maria M. , Crivelli Lucia , Diminich Erica D. , Dorsman Karen A. , Gonzales Mitzi , González Héctor M. , Gonzalez‐Seda Ana L. , Grinberg Lea T. , Guerrero Lourdes R. , Hill Carl V. , Jimenez‐Velazquez Ivonne Z. , Guerra Jorge J. Llibre , Lopera Francisco , Maestre Gladys , Medina Luis D. , O'Bryant Sid , Peñaloza Claudia , Pinzon Maria Mora , Mavarez Rosa V. Pirela , Pluim Celina F. , Raman Rema , Rascovsky Katya , Rentz Dorene M. , Reyes Yarissa , Rosselli Monica , Tansey Malú Gámez , Vila‐Castelar Clara , Zuelsdorff Megan , Carrillo Maria , Sexton Claire 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe Alzheimer's Association hosted the second Latinos & Alzheimer's Symposium in May 2021. Due to the COVID‐19 pandemic, the meeting was held online over 2 days, with virtual presentations, discussions, mentoring sessions, and posters. The Latino population in the United States is projected to have the steepest increase in Alzheimer's disease (AD) in the next 40 years, compared to other ethnic groups. Latinos have increased risk for AD and other dementias, limited access to quality care, and are severely underrepresented in AD and dementia research and clinical trials. The symposium highlighted developments in AD research with Latino populations, including advances in AD biomarkers, and novel cognitive assessments for Spanish‐speaking populations, as well as the need to effectively recruit and retain Latinos in clinical research, and how best to deliver health‐care services and to aid caregivers of Latinos living with AD.
Perfect Single‐Magnon Generator Based on a Hybrid Cavity‐Magnonic System
Authors: Li Shi‐Yan , Zhu Ai‐Dong 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA theoretical scheme for a single‐magnon generator based on a hybrid cavity‐magnonic system, in which a microwave cavity is coupled to the magnetostatic mode through the magnetic dipole interaction and coupled to a superconducting qubit (transmon) through electric dipole interaction, and the virtual excitation of microwave photons mediates the interaction between the magnon mode and the transmon qubit, is proposed. The magnon blockade effect is studied based on the coexistence mechanism of anharmonicity of energy levels and multipath interference, and a global optimal condition of magnon blockade is obtained. The numerical results with accessible experimental parameters demonstrate that under this global optimal condition, a perfect single‐magnon generator with a second‐order correlation function tends to zero and a higher single‐magnon number can be achieved even at ambient temperature up to 25 mK. The current scheme is proposed based on the lithographically scalable and superconducting circuit compatible design, which provides convenience for precisely and flexibly engineering in experiments. It is expected to be used as an integrated single‐quanta generator in quantum network.
Highly oriented poly (m‐phenyleneisophthalamide)/polyacrylonitrile based coaxial nanofibers integrated with electrospunpolyacrylonitrile‐silvernanoparticle: Application in air filtration of particulate and microbial contaminants
Authors: Robert Berly , Nallathambi Gobi 
Published: February 2022

AbstractOn account of increasing attention paid to global air quality problem, air filter media with low‐pressure drop, good strength, and excellent removal efficiency towards pathogens have gradually become a research hotspot. Polymeric electrospun nanofibrous membranes with large surface area to volume ratio, and adjustable porous structure, have attracted increased attention in air filtration applications. In this work, as an innovative extension of classical electrospinning procedure, coaxial electrospinning is used to produce high‐strength fiber with core–sheath structures. The as‐produced poly(m‐phenylene isophthalamide) (PMIA: as the core)/polyacrylonitrile (PAN: as the shell) based coaxial nanofibers integrated with a layer of electrospun PAN–silver nanoparticle membrane, can filter both particulate matter and microbes. Significantly, poly(m‐phenylene isophthalamide)/PAN membrane will exhibit uniform axial alignment of nanofibers, which can effectively improve mechanical strength of filter media along the orientation direction. Benefiting from structural features including the presence of anti‐microbial agent, the developed composite polymeric filter membrane exhibits very low pressure drop (24.52 Pa), 99% filtration efficiency, 9.809 MPa tensile strength and good anti‐microbial activity against Gram‐positiveBacillus subtilisand Gram‐negativeEscherichia coli. Besides, this work provides a versatile platform for exploring coaxial nanofibrous membrane in air filtration application, since it is still in emerging and immature phase.
A framework of digital technologies for the circular economy: Digital functions and mechanisms
Authors: Liu Qinglan , Trevisan Adriana Hofmann , Yang Miying , Mascarenhas Janaina 
Published: February 2022

AbstractDigital technology is regarded as providing a promising means of moving production and consumption towards the circular economy. However, it is still unclear which functions of digital technologies are most useful to improving circularity, and how these functions could be used to enhance different circular economy strategies. This paper aims to address this knowledge gap by conducting a systematic literature review. After examining 174 papers, creating 782 original codes and 259 second‐round codes, the study identifies 13 critical functions of digital technologies which are most relevant to circular economy strategies. The paper then proposes a framework which reveals seven mechanisms of how these digital functions can enhance different circular economy strategies. The framework also reveals which combinations of the digital functions and circular economy strategies have already been studied extensively as well as where there may be gaps. This indicates which digital functions are more mature in terms of possible implementation for circular economy as well as what missing links there are in the empirical and theoretical research. The study advances the synergies between digital technologies and the circular economy paradigm through the lens of digital functions. The proposed framework and mechanisms build a theoretical foundation for future research, and we highlight five research areas for further studies. This study also provides a structured way for managers to explore the appropriate digital functions for their CE strategies, so as to identify required digital technologies and new value creation through digital functions.
Monitoring microalgal growth of Chlorella minutissima with a new all solid‐state contact nitrate selective sensor
Authors: Balkanlı Nihat Erdem , Işıldak İbrahim , İnan Benan , Özer Tuğba , Özçimen Didem 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAs third generation feedstock, microalgae are microorganisms that can grow only in the optimum conditions. There are parameters including the concentration of macro and microelements in nutrient solution, pH, temperature and light intensity that have significant impact on microalgal growth. In recent years, various sensing devices have been developed for sensitive measurement of these parameters during microalgal growth. In this study, a new potentiometric nitrate selective sensor was developed to indicate the nitrate uptake of microalgae and the effect of nitrate nutrient on microalgal growth, specifically, and this sensor was successfully applied to determine nitrate concentration in medium during microalgal growth. Moreover, the effects of nitrate, carbonate and phosphate concentration in the growth medium on biomass production of Chlorella minutissima were investigated by using Box–Behnken design method, and optimum conditions were determined for the highest biomass production of microalgae. As a result of the experiments, it was seen that the highest C. minutissima production was achieved using the medium consist of 2.63 g/L NaNO3, 0.35 g/L Na2CO3 and 0.4 g/L KH2PO4. Statistically, it was observed that there was a proportional relationship between the microalgae production and investigated parameters such as carbon, nitrogen and phosphate amounts of culture mediums. The electrode showed a wide linear range between 1.0 × 10−1 and 5.0 × 10−5 M with a detection limit of the 5 × 10−6 M and the response time was found as 10 s. The results showed that developed nitrate selective sensor could be successfully applied for continuous measurement of nitrate in microalgal productions at reduced cost.
On the Curcumin and β‐Cyclodextrin Interaction in Aqueous Media. Spectrophotometric and Electrochemical Study
Authors: Martínez‐Guerra Jorge , Palomar‐Pardavé Manuel , Romero‐Romo Mario , Corona‐Avendaño Silvia , Guzmán‐Hernández Dafne‐Sarahia , Rojas‐Hernández Alberto , Ramírez‐Silva María Teresa 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIt is shown from UV/Vis spectrophotometry measurements, that up to two inclusion complexes between curcumin and β‐cyclodextrin, namely H3Cur(β‐CD) and H3Cur(β‐CD)2, can be formed in aqueous solution at pH=3.6, where the fully protonated and neutral species of curcumin, H3Cur, predominate depending on the β‐CD concentration. The thermodynamic formation constants of these supramolecular complexes were determined and the molar absorptivity coefficients of H3Cur, H3Cur(β‐CD) and H3Cur(β‐CD)2 species were assessed. In the absence of β‐CD, curcumin degradation increases linearly with time at a rate of 3.25 % min−1. However, in its presence, the rate drastically diminishes to 0.11 % min−1. These results were corroborated from independent electrochemical measurements using a bare carbon paste electrode. At 0.01 M β‐CD the first voltammogram cycle displayed single anodic and cathodic peaks while the second cycle is formed by two anodic peaks and one cathodic, all of them being due to single‐electron adsorption‐controlled processes. The current of these peaks can be used to quantify curcumin concentration in real samples.
Do sustainable institutional investors influence senior executive compensation structures according to their preferences? Empirical evidence from Europe
Authors: Focke Maximilian 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis paper examines whether sustainable institutional investors promote corporate social responsibility (CSR)‐contingent components (e.g., environmental or social aspects) in senior executive compensation in order to align top management interests in the promotion of sustainability with their own. Empirical analyses of a sample of 5979 firm‐year observations from European firms over the 2010–2017 period showed that the presence of sustainable institutional investors positively predicts the likelihood of firms offering CSR‐contingent compensation contracts. This paper significantly contributes to prior empirical research, which predominantly focuses on the effectiveness of CSR‐contingent components within compensation structures. Sustainable institutional investors as a potential driver of CSR‐contingent components have not yet been examined. We specifically investigate institutional investors that have either a substantial or a time‐dependent belief in CSR. Our results indicate that sustainable institutional investors represent a central external corporate governance mechanism and tend to align top management preferences with their own via compensation structures.