bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Measuring Frequency and Period Separations in Red-giant Stars Using Machine Learning
Authors: Dhanpal Siddharth , Benomar Othman , Hanasoge Shravan , Kundu Abhisek , Dhuri Dattaraj , Das Dipankar , Kaul Bharat 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Asteroseismology is used to infer the interior physics of stars. The Kepler and TESS space missions have provided a vast data set of red-giant lightcurves, which may be used for asteroseismic analysis. These data sets are expected to significantly grow with future missions such as PLATO, and efficient methods are therefore required to analyze these data rapidly. Here, we describe a machine-learning algorithm that identifies red giants from the raw oscillation spectra and captures p- and mixed-mode parameters from the red-giant power spectra. We report algorithmic inferences for large frequency separation (Δν), frequency at maximum amplitude (

ν

max

), and period separation (ΔΠ) for an ensemble of stars. In addition, we have discovered ∼25 new probable red giants among 151,000 Kepler long-cadence stellar-oscillation spectra analyzed by this method, among which four are binary candidates that appear to possess red-giant counterparts. To validate the results of this method, we selected ∼3000 Kepler stars, at various evolutionary stages ranging from subgiants to red clumps, and compare inferences of Δν, ΔΠ, and

ν

max

with estimates obtained using other techniques. The power of the machine-learning algorithm lies in its speed: It is able to accurately extract seismic parameters from 1000 spectra in ∼5 s on a modern computer (a single core of the Intel® Xeon® Platinum 8280 CPU).
The Extremely Buried Nucleus of IRAS 17208–0014 Observed at Submillimeter and Near-infrared Wavelengths
Authors: Baba Shunsuke , Imanishi Masatoshi , Izumi Takuma , Kawamuro Taiki , Nguyen Dieu D. , Nakagawa Takao , Isobe Naoki , Onishi Shusuke , Matsumoto Kosei 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The ultraluminous infrared galaxy IRAS 17208−0014 is a late-stage merger that hosts a buried active galactic nucleus (AGN). To investigate its nuclear structure, we performed high-spatial-resolution ( ∼ 0.″04 ∼ 32 pc) Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) observations in Band 9 (∼450 μm or ∼660 GHz), along with near-infrared AKARI spectroscopy in 2.5–5.0 μm. The Band 9 dust continuum peaks at the AGN location, and toward this position CO(J = 6 − 5) and CS(J = 14 − 13) are detected in absorption. Comparison with nonlocal thermal equilibrium calculations indicates that, within the central beam (r ∼ 20 pc), there exists a concentrated component that is dense (107 cm−3) and warm (>200 K) and has a large column density (

N

H

2

>

10

23

cm

−
2

). The AKARI spectrum shows deep and broad CO rovibrational absorption at 4.67 μm. Its band profile is well reproduced with a similarly dense and large column but hotter (∼1000 K) gas. The region observed through absorption in the near-infrared is highly likely in the nuclear direction, as in the submillimeter, but with a narrower beam including a region closer to the nucleus. The central component is considered to possess a hot structure where vibrationally excited HCN emission originates. The most plausible heating source for the gas is X-rays from the AGN. The AKARI spectrum does not show other AGN signs in 2.5–4 μm, but this absence may be usual for AGNs buried in a hot mid-infrared core. Further, based on our ALMA observations, we relate the various nuclear structures of IRAS 17208−0014 that have been proposed in the literature.
Central Black Hole Mass in the Distant Tidal Disruption Event Candidate of Swift J2058.4+0516
Authors: Zhang XueGuang 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In this article, the central black hole (BH) mass in the distant tidal disruption event (TDE) of Swift J2058.4+0516, the second candidate of relativistic jet birth related to a TDE, is estimated. Swift J2058.4+0516 has quite different BH masses estimated through different indirect methods in the literature. Therefore, it is necessary and interesting to determine the central BH mass in Swift J2058.4+0516 by another independent method. Here, based on the theoretical TDE model applied to describe the long-term time-dependent X-ray variabilities of Swift J2058.4+0516, the central BH mass can be well determined to be around

1.05

−
0.29

+
0.39

×

10

5

M

⊙

, after considering the suggested intrinsic beaming effects from such relativistic jets tightly related to TDEs. Moreover, Swift J2058.4+0516 is a unique object in the space of BH masses versus energy transfer efficiencies of the reported TDE candidates, providing interesting clues to detect and/or anticipate candidates of relativistic TDEs that cause the birth of relativistic jets.
Broadening and Redward Asymmetry of Hα Line Profiles Observed by LAMOST during a Stellar Flare on an M-type Star
Authors: Wu Yuchuan , Chen Hechao , Tian Hui , Zhang Liyun , Shi Jianrong , He Han , Lu Hongpeng , Xu Yu , Wang Haifeng 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Stellar flares are characterized by sudden enhancement of electromagnetic radiation in stellar atmospheres. So far, much of our understanding of stellar flares has come from photometric observations, from which plasma motions in flare regions could not be detected. From the spectroscopic data of LAMOST DR7, we have found one stellar flare that is characterized by an impulsive increase followed by a gradual decrease in the Hα line intensity on an M4-type star, and the total energy radiated through Hα is estimated to be of the order of 1033 erg. The Hα line appears to have a Voigt profile during the flare, which is likely caused by Stark pressure broadening due to the dramatic increase in electron density and/or opacity broadening due to the occurrence of strong nonthermal heating. Obvious enhancement has been identified in the red wing of the Hα line profile after the impulsive increase in the Hα line intensity. The red-wing enhancement corresponds to plasma moving away from the Earth at a velocity of 100–200 km s−1. According to our current knowledge of solar flares, this red-wing enhancement may originate from: (1) flare-driven coronal rain, (2) chromospheric condensation, or (3) a filament/prominence eruption either with nonradial backward propagation or with strong magnetic suppression. The total mass of the moving plasma is estimated to be of the order of 1015 kg.
Kinematic Decomposition of the H i Gaseous Component in the Large Magellanic Cloud
Authors: Oh Se-Heon , Kim Shinna , For Bi-Qing , Staveley-Smith Lister 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
We perform a profile analysis of the combined H i data cube of the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) from observations with the Australia Telescope Compact Array and the Parkes radio telescope. For the profile analysis, we use a newly developed algorithm that decomposes individual line profiles into an optimal number of Gaussian components based on a Bayesian nested sampling. The decomposed Gaussian components are then classified into kinematically cold, warm, and hot gas components based on their velocity dispersion. The estimated masses of the kinematically cold, warm, and hot gas components are ∼12.2%, ∼58.3%, and ∼29.5% of the total H i mass of the LMC, respectively. Our analysis reveals the highly complex H i structure and kinematics of the LMC that are seen in previous studies but in a more quantitative manner. We also extract the undisturbed H i gas bulk motions and derive new H i gas bulk rotation curves of the LMC by applying a 2D tilted-ring analysis. In contrast to previously derived H i rotation curves, the newly derived bulk rotation curves are much more consistent with the carbon star kinematics, with rotation velocity linearly increasing in the inner part and reaching a maximum of ∼60 km s−1 at the outermost measured radius. By comparing the lower bulk rotation curves with previous studies, we conclude that there is a lower dynamical contribution of dark matter in the central part of the LMC.
Cosmic Reionization on Computers: Evolution of the Flux Power Spectrum
Authors: Mishra Nishant , Gnedin Nickolay Y. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
We explore the evolution of the flux power spectrum in the Cosmic Reionization On Computers simulations. We find that, contrary to some previous studies, the shape of the flux power spectrum is rather insensitive to the timing of reionization. However, the amplitude of the flux power spectrum does strongly evolve with time, and that evolution is almost perfectly correlated with the timing of reionization. We show how such correlation can be used in a (futuristic) measurement to determine the redshift of overlap of ionized bubbles.
Multiscale Decomposition of Astronomical Maps: A Constrained Diffusion Method
Authors: Li Guang-Xing 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
We propose a new, efficient multiscale method to decompose a map (or signal in general) into component maps that contain structures of different sizes. In the widely used wave transform, artifacts containing negative values arise around regions with sharp transitions due to the application of band-limited filters. In our approach, the decomposition is achieved by solving a modified, nonlinear version of the diffusion equation. This is inspired by the anisotropic diffusion methods, which establish the link between image filtering and partial differential equations. In our case, the artifact issue is addressed where the positivity of the decomposed images is guaranteed. Our new method is particularly suitable for signals which contain localized, nonlinear features, as typical of astronomical observations. It can be used to study the multiscale structures of astronomical maps quantitatively and should be useful in observation-related tasks such as background removal. We thus propose a new measure called the “scale spectrum,” which describes how the image values distribute among different components in the scale space, to describe maps. The method allows for input arrays of an arbitrary number of dimensions, and a python3 implementation of the algorithms is included in the Appendix and available at https://github.com/gxli/constrained_diffusion_decomposition.
SEGUE-2: Old Milky Way Stars Near and Far
Authors: Rockosi Constance M. , Sun Lee Young , Morrison Heather L. , Yanny Brian , Johnson Jennifer A. , Lucatello Sara , Sobeck Jennifer , Beers Timothy C. , Allende Prieto Carlos , An Deokkeun , Bizyaev Dmitry , Blanton Michael R. , Casagrande Luca , Eisenstein Daniel J. , Gould Andrew , Gunn James E. , Harding Paul , Ivans Inese I. , Jacobson H. R. , Janesh William , Knapp Gillian R. , Kollmeier Juna A. , Lépine Sébastien , López-Corredoira Martín , Ma Zhibo , Newberg Heidi J. , Pan Kaike , Prchlik Jakub , Sayers Conor , Schlesinger Katharine J. , Simmerer Jennifer , Weinberg David H. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The Sloan Extension for Galactic Understanding and Exploration 2 (SEGUE-2) obtained 128,288 low-resolution spectra (R ∼ 1800) of 118,958 unique stars in the first year of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey III (2008–2009). SEGUE-2 targeted prioritized distant halo tracers (blue horizontal-branch stars, K giants, and M giants) and metal-poor or kinematically hot populations. The main goal of SEGUE-2 was to target stars in the distant halo and measure their kinematics and chemical abundances to learn about the formation and evolution of the Milky Way. We present the SEGUE-2 field placement and target selection strategies. We discuss the success rate of the targeting based on the SEGUE-2 spectra and other spectroscopic and astrometric surveys. We describe the final SEGUE-2/SDSS-III improvements to the stellar parameter determinations based on the SEGUE Stellar Parameter Pipeline. We report a (g − i) color−effective temperature relation calibrated to the IRFM. We evaluate the accuracy and uncertainties associated with these stellar parameters by comparing with fundamental parameters, a sample of high-resolution spectra of SEGUE stars analyzed homogeneously, stars in well-studied clusters, and stars observed in common by the APOGEE survey. The final SEGUE spectra, calibration data, and derived parameters described here were released in SDSS-III Data Release 9 and continue to be included in all subsequent SDSS Data Releases. Because of its faint limiting magnitude and emphasis on the distant halo, the public SEGUE-2 data remain an important resource for the spectroscopy of stars in the Milky Way.
Neptune’s Pole-on Magnetosphere: Dayside Reconnection Observations by Voyager 2
Authors: Jasinski Jamie M. , Murphy Neil , Jia Xianzhe , Slavin James A. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The “pole-on” configuration occurs when the polar magnetosphere of a planet is directed into the solar wind velocity vector. Such magnetospheric configurations are unique to the ice giant planets. This means that magnetic reconnection, a process that couples a magnetosphere to the solar wind, will be different at the ice giants when they are pole-on compared to other planets. The only available in situ measurements of a pole-on magnetosphere are from the Neptune flyby by Voyager 2, which we analyze in this paper. We show that dayside magnetopause conditions were conducive to magnetic reconnection. A plasma depletion layer in the magnetosheath adjacent to the magnetopause was observed. Plasma measurements inside the magnetospheric cusp show evidence of multiple reconnection taking place at the magnetopause before the spacecraft crossed the open–closed field line boundary. A possible traveling compression region from a nearby passing flux rope was also observed, providing further supporting evidence that multiple X-line reconnection occurred during the flyby. During a perfectly pole-on configuration, reconnection will not depend on the orientation of the interplanetary magnetic field, as is the case at other planetary magnetospheres. The rate of reconnection will not vary because the area of the dayside magnetopause where antiparallel shears occur will be approximately equal for all interplanetary magnetic field orientations. Therefore, we suggest that rotating into and out of the pole-on configuration will likely drive the “on–off”/“switch-like” dynamics observed in simulations. Consequently, the pole-on configuration is most likely an important rotational phase for driving ice giant magnetospheric dynamics.
Les perceptions managériales du contrôle réglementaire : Une étude de cas sur l’accréditation des hôpitaux
Authors: Vega Miguel 
Published: April 2022

À travers un examen des différentes caractéristiques du système d’accréditation d’un hôpital, la présente étude a permis de mieux comprendre comment l’équipe de direction perçoit le contrôle réglementaire. L’étude montre comment ce système, imposé de l’extérieur, s’est transformé en un modèle hybride articulant deux objectifs difficiles à concilier : la conformité et la performance. Les dirigeants perçoivent l’accréditation comme un système capacitant lorsqu’elle les aide à atteindre ces deux objectifs organisationnels sans trop limiter leur action. Bien que le système ait d’abord été perçu comme coercitif en raison de son manque de souplesse, une perception plus favorable s’est rapidement imposée du fait de sa dimension globale et de l’approche adoptée par la direction dans la mise en œuvre des changements organisationnels. Cette étude contribue aux recherches sur le contrôle capacitant en mettant en lumière l’importance des processus d’apprentissage organisationnel, dont la dissonance organisatrice et le dialogue constructif, pour expliquer l’évolution de la perception coercitive/capacitante du contrôle. Associés à une plus grande transparence, ces processus aident les dirigeants à canaliser les tensions entre les différents acteurs. Codes JEL M41, M48
Où commence « l’extrême » ?
Authors: Quinchon-Caudal Anne 
Published: April 2022

Bien que l’on parle couramment d’« extrême droite » et que l’aspect autodescriptif de ce terme semble rendre sa définition évidente, il est en réalité difficile de conférer à cette notion un contenu conceptuel rigoureux. Comment délimiter réellement cet objet aux contours flous ? On peut également se demander, si l’on aborde la question à l’échelle européenne et sur une période de plus de 70 ans, quelles sont les différences de sensibilité, intimement liées aux histoires nationales et aux situations particulières, qui font varier le curseur de l’extrême d’un pays à un autre.
La Main rouge : complots, terrorismes et appareils d’État
Authors: Lebourg Nicolas 
Published: April 2022

De 1952 à 1960, une organisation terroriste néofasciste nommée « la Main rouge » (MR) frappa dans divers pays d’Europe et d’Afrique. Depuis, enquêtes et témoignages ont affirmé que les services secrets français auraient inventé la MR. L’enquête de police effectuée lors des faits démontre pourtant que la manipulation d’État ne représentait pas toute la MR, et que les réseaux d’extrême droite y jouaient leur rôle.
La force probante des actes de l’état civil étrangers modifiée par la loi bioéthique : du sens à donner à l’exigence de conformité des faits à la réalité « appréciée au regard de la loi française »…
Authors: Bidaud Christine 
Published: April 2022

La nouvelle loi bioéthique a été adoptée le 2 août 2021. La majeure partie des travaux a porté sur l’ouverture de la procréation médicalement assistée aux couples de femmes et aux femmes seules, la possibilité d’accéder à l’identité du donneur de gamète, les recherches sur les embryons humains et d’autres questions relevant réellement de la bioéthique. Quant à la gestation pour autrui, le sujet s’est invité plus subrepticement dans les débats : il s’agissait de mettre un coup d’arrêt à la jurisprudence de la Cour de cassation sur la transcription des actes de naissance étrangers des enfants issus d’une gestation pour autrui.
Recyclage d’une ressource primaire et pouvoir de marché : le cas Alcoa
Authors: Ba Bocar Samba 
Published: April 2022

L’objectif de cet article est triple. Premièrement, il étudie l’influence de la perspective du recyclage sur le pouvoir de marché d’Alcoa sur chaque période. Deuxièmement, il analyse l’impact potentiel de la saturation de la contrainte de la ressource sur le pouvoir de marché d’Alcoa à la première période. Troisièmement, il explore la variation du prix pratiqué par Alcoa lorsqu’elle est confrontée à un secteur de recyclage. Au regard de ces objectifs, nous étudions un modèle de type Cournot dans lequel Alcoa extrait l’aluminium sur deux périodes consécutives. À la deuxième période, elle est en concurrence avec un secteur de recyclage. Nos résultats peuvent être résumés comme suit. Premièrement, la perspective du recyclage augmente le pouvoir de marché d’Alcoa sur chaque période. Deuxièmement, l’effet du recyclage sur la variation des prix fixés par Alcoa dépend des élasticités de la demande. Troisièmement, l’association du caractère épuisable de la ressource avec la perspective de recyclage confère à Alcoa un pouvoir de marché plus élevé à la première période. Quatrièmement, le prix pratiqué par Alcoa peut augmenter ou diminuer au fil du temps. Classification JEL : D43, L13, L61, L72.
Health Insurance Literacy Perceptions and the Needs of a Working-Class Community
Authors: Kakar Rishtya , Combs Ryan M. , Hoepf Young Malea , Ali Nida , Muvuka Baraka 
Published: April 2022

Background:
Despite increases in the number of insured Americans, consumers continue to face barriers in accessing care. Low levels of health insurance literacy (HIL) are associated with suboptimal use of health insurance coverage. There remains a need to further contextualize the relationship between HIL and access to care, especially among insured working-class people.

Objective
This study was conducted to understand the pathways through which HIL affects health care decision-making and access to care in an urban working-class population.

Methods:
Using a qualitative descriptive approach, we conducted five focus groups with 45 adult residents of South Louisville, Kentucky. The questions explored participants' experiences of insurance enrollment, use, and health care system navigation, as well as their perceptions and needs regarding accessing health insurance information. Using inductive thematic analysis, transcripts were open coded independently by team members, a focused coding framework was agreed upon, and emergent themes were identified through constant comparison techniques.

Key Results:
Most participants placed high value on their insurance, considering it the most important benefit employers offer. Despite having adequate HIL, most participants expressed frustration with the amount of time and effort they spent to determine the best insurance plan, obtain covered health services, and settle claims, often with ineffective results. Despite having insurance, cost considerations influenced many participants' decisions to accept certain tests or treatments, in some cases resulting in delayed or foregone care.

Conclusions:

The findings of this qualitative study indicate that obtaining health care is strongly influenced both by the individual context of HIL knowledge, experience, and life circumstances, and by the structural context of the complex, bureaucratic, and costly health care system. Interventions to improve HIL should include practical examples and real-life scenarios, because HIL gained from experiential narratives was the most useful in navigating the health care system.

[
HLRP: Health Literacy Research and Practice
. 2022;6(2):e61–e69.]

Plain Language Summary:
By conducting focus groups with a working-class population, this study contextualizes the pathways through which HIL affects consumers' health care decision-making and access to care. Findings demonstrate that obtaining health care is strongly influenced both by the individual context of HIL knowledge, experience, and life circumstances, and by the structural context of the complex, bureaucratic, and costly health care system.
Silver Sintering of Packaged GaN-Devices on Printed Circuit Board
Authors: Müller Jonas , Letz Sebastian A. , Simon Flaviu-Bogdan , Bayer Christoph F. , Schletz Andreas , Görlich Jens , Nishimura Takatoshi 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Despite the higher thermal conductivity and the higher lifetime offered by silver sintering technologies, most packaged GaN devices are attached using solders due to technological difficulties in the sintering process. In this work, a silver sintering process for a packaged GaN power transistor on a printed circuit board (PCB) was successfully developed. Different sintering paste types were examined regarding their suitability for this application. Electrical measurements, shear tests, and metallographic cross sections were used for the evaluation. Numerical analyses were used to study the internal stress distribution in the GaN package after sintering depending on the paste structure. In the final sintering process, a shear strength of 20 MPa for sintering at 15 MPa and 240°C, for 300 s with electrical functional devices could be obtained by using nanoscale sintering paste. The authors contribute this to the high initial stiffness of the silver layer, which is obtained much earlier in the sintering process compared with the stiffness of a microscale silver paste. This high initial stiffness counteracts the semiconductor device deflection from the applied sintering pressure and reduces the stresses inside the semiconductor.