bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An experimental investigation on the impact of wind turbine noise on polysomnography-measured and sleep diary-determined sleep outcomes
Authors: Liebich Tessa , Lack Leon , Hansen Kristy , Zajamsek Branko , Micic Gorica , Lechat Bastien , Dunbar Claire , Nguyen Duc Phuc , Scott Hannah , Catcheside Peter 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Study Objectives
Carefully controlled studies of wind turbine noise (WTN) and sleep are lacking, despite anecdotal complaints from some residents in wind farm areas and known detrimental effects of other noises on sleep. This laboratory-based study investigated the impact of overnight WTN exposure on objective and self-reported sleep outcomes.

Methods
Sixty-eight participants (38 females) aged (mean ± SD) 49.2 ± 19.5 were recruited from four groups; N = 14, living &lt;10 km from a wind farm and reporting WTN related sleep disruption; N = 18, living &lt;10 km from a wind farm and reporting no WTN sleep disruption; N = 18, reporting road traffic noise-related sleep disruption; and N = 18 control participants living in a quiet rural area. All participants underwent in-laboratory polysomnography during four full-night noise exposure conditions in random order: a quiet control night (19 dB(A) background laboratory noise), continuous WTN (25 dB(A)) throughout the night; WTN (25 dB(A)) only during periods of established sleep; and WTN (25 dB(A)) only during periods of wake or light N1 sleep. Group, noise condition, and interaction effects on measures of sleep quantity and quality were examined via linear mixed model analyses.

Results
There were no significant noise condition or group-by-noise condition interaction effects on polysomnographic or sleep diary determined sleep outcomes (all ps &gt; .05).

Conclusions
These results do not support that WTN at 25 dB(A) impacts sleep outcomes in participants with or without prior WTN exposure or self-reported habitual noise-related sleep disruption. These findings do not rule out effects at higher noise exposure levels or potential effects of WTN on more sensitive markers of sleep disruption.

Clinical Trial Registration
ACTRN12619000501145, UTN U1111-1229-6126. Establishing the physiological and sleep disruption characteristics of noise disturbances in sleep. https://www.anzctr.org.au/. This study was prospectively registered on the Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry.
Wnt5a Promotes AT1 and Represses AT2 Lineage-Specific Gene Expression in a Cell-Context-Dependent Manner
Authors: Li Changgong , Peinado Neil , Smith Susan M , Zhou Jing , Gao Feng , Kohbodi GoleNaz , Zhou Beiyun , Thornton Matthew E , Grubbs Brendan H , Lee Matt K , Bellusci Saverio , Borok Zea , Chen Ya-Wen , Minoo Parviz 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Lung maturation is not limited to proper structural development but also includes differentiation and functionality of various highly specialized alveolar cell types. Alveolar type 1 (AT1s) cells occupy nearly 95% of the alveolar surface and are critical for establishing efficient gas exchange in the mature lung. AT1 cells arise from progenitors specified during the embryonic stage as well as alveolar epithelial progenitors expressing surfactant protein C (Sftpcpos cells) during postnatal and adult stages. Previously, we found that Wnt5a, a non-canonical Wnt ligand, is required for differentiation of AT1 cells during the saccular phase of lung development. To further investigate the role of Wnt5a in AT1 cell differentiation, we generated and characterized a conditional Wnt5a gain-of-function mouse model. Neonatal Wnt5a gain-of-function disrupted alveologenesis through inhibition of cell proliferation. In this setting Wnt5a downregulated β-catenin-dependent canonical Wnt signaling, repressed AT2 (anti-AT2) and promoted AT1 (pro-AT1) lineage-specific gene expression. In addition, we identified 2 subpopulations of Sftpchigh and Sftpclow alveolar epithelial cells. In Sftpclow cells, Wnt5a exhibits pro-AT1 and anti-AT2 effects, concurrent with inhibition of canonical Wnt signaling. Interestingly, in the Sftpchigh subpopulation, although increasing AT1 lineage-specific gene expression, Wnt5a gain-of-function did not change AT2 gene expression, nor inhibit canonical Wnt signaling. Using primary epithelial cells isolated from human fetal lungs, we demonstrate that this property of Wnt5a is evolutionarily conserved. Wnt5a therefore serves as a selective regulator that ensures proper AT1/AT2 balance in the developing lung.
Striving for Organizational Impact through Individual Impact: A Humanistic Management Approach Involving Social Work Supervisors
Authors: Zheng Guanghuai , Lyu Xinshu , Wang Yean 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn today’s era of new public management, respecting the dignity and worth of social workers in organizational management poses a challenge to social work agencies. This research explores whether individual self-actualization can be integrated with organizational development by using a humanistic management approach. Authors sampled 672 supervisors from Chinese social work agencies. A structural equation model was built and tested to examine the relationships between four latent variables: (1) professional competence (PC), (2) organizational citizenship behaviors (OCBs), (3) individual impact, and (4) organizational impact, taking into account the moderating effect of professional associations. The results indicate that individual impact is a mediator between supervisors’ PC/OCBs and organizational impact. Meanwhile, professional associations play a moderating role in the relationship between supervisors’ PC and organizational impact. Findings provide the basis for a humanistic management strategy for social work agencies that focuses on the individual impact of key people to maximize organizational impact. Moreover, professional associations should strengthen the link between individual impact and organizational impact.
Citizenship Status and Restrictive Policies Affect Participation in Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF)
Authors: Cheng Tyrone C , Lo Celia C 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This study examined relationships between participation in Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) programs and citizenship status, and between TANF participation and restrictive TANF policies. Its sample of 8,657 adults (yielding 66,680 person-years, the units of analysis) was extracted from a 2001–2009 national longitudinal data set. Generalized estimating equations showed TANF participation to be associated in a positive direction with prior TANF receipt and with poverty, single motherhood, number of dependent children, and race/ethnicity (specifically African American, Hispanic, and other racial/ethnic minority groups). Negative associations were found between participation and the following: citizen status, being less educated, being unemployed, being younger, and availability of state funds for noncitizens. The variables birth outside United States and policy of rendering noncitizens ineligible were not significantly associated with participation. This study’s main finding was that noncitizens were less likely than citizens to participate in TANF, regardless of nativity or restrictiveness of TANF policies. This debunks the notion that immigrants should be barred from the United States because they burden its welfare system. Other implications for policy are discussed as well.
Advancing forward—narrowing the divide between powers of advancement and powers of appointment
Authors: Embley Oliver 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Oliver Embley explains the differences between powers of advancement and powers of appointment, including how such powers can be exercised to benefit non-objects of a trust. The article discusses the differences between powers of advancement and appointment and how modern trust deeds have blurred the lines between the two. The article considers PQ and another v RS and others [2019] EWHC 1643 (Ch) and how a power of appointment can be exercised to benefit a non-object of a trust.
Postdischarge outcomes of COVID-19 patients from South Asia: a prospective study
Authors: Abeysuriya Visula , Seneviratne Suranjith L , De Silva Arjuna P , Mowjood Riaz , Mowjood Shazli , de Silva Thushara , de Mel Primesh , de Mel Chandima , Wijesinha R S , Fernando Amitha , de Mel Sanjay , Chandrasena Lal 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Background
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) may cause clinical manifestations that last for weeks or months after hospital discharge. The manifestations are heterogeneous and vary in their frequency. Their multisystem nature requires a holistic approach to management. There are sparse data from the South Asian region on the outcomes of hospital-discharged COVID-19 patients. We assessed the posthospital discharge outcomes of a cohort of Sri Lankan COVID-19 patients and explored the factors that influenced these outcomes.

Methods
Data were prospectively collected from patients who were discharged following an admission to the Nawaloka Hospital, Sri Lanka with COVID-19 from March to June 2021. At discharge, their demographic, clinical and laboratory findings were recorded. The patients were categorised as having mild, moderate and severe COVID-19, based on the Sri Lanka Ministry of Health COVID-19 guidelines. Following discharge, information on health status, complications and outcomes was collected through clinic visits and preplanned telephone interviews. A validated (in Sri Lanka) version of the Short Form 36 health survey questionnaire (SF-36) was used to assess multi-item dimensions health status of the patients at 1, 2 and 3 mo postdischarge.

Results
We collected data on 203 patients (male, n=111 [54.7%]). The level of vaccination was significantly associated with disease severity (p&lt;0.001). Early recovery was seen in the mild group compared with the moderate and severe groups. At 3 mo, on average 98% of mild and 90% of moderate/severe patients had recovered. Based on the SF-36, physical functioning dimensions, role limitation due to physical and emotional health, energy/ fatigue, emotional well-being, social functioning, pain and general health were significantly different in the moderate/severe vs mild COVID-19 groups at 1, 2 and 3 mo postdischarge (p&lt;0.05). Twenty-three patients developed complications, of which the most common were myocardial infarction with heart failure (n=6/23; 26.1%), cerebrovascular accident (n=6/23; 26.1%) and respiratory tract infections (n=3/23; 13.01%) and there were six deaths.

Conclusions
In our cohort, receiving two doses of the COVID-19 vaccine was associated with reduced disease severity. Those with mild disease recovered faster than those with moderate/severe disease. At 3 mo posthospital discharge, &gt;90% had recovered.
The use of cholera oral vaccine for containment of the 2019 disease outbreak in Sudan
Authors: Mohamed Nouh S , Ali Yousif , Abdalrahman Sanaa , Ahmed Ayman , Siddig Emmanuel Edwar 
Published: April 2022

AbstractA cholera outbreak in Blue Nile and Sennar states, south-eastern and southern Sudan, took place during September–December 2019. An outbreak surveillance sample collection was made. Vibrio cholerae O1 Ogawa was isolated from clinical samples of all confirmed 200 and 132 cases in Blue Nile state and Sennar state, respectively. The case fatality rate was higher in Blue Nile state, 4% compared with only 2.3% in Sennar state. The Euvichol-Plus oral cholera vaccine was rapidly deployed for the first time in Sudan to the most at-risk populations in the two affected states, 1 471 188 and 1 546 542 individuals in Sennar and Blue Nile states, respectively. The rapid deployment of cholera vaccines as the major prevention and control strategy was successful and helped greatly with the containment of this epidemic. In-depth genomics studies are crucial for understanding the disease dynamics in Sudan by identifying locally circulating strains of the bacteria and further improving prevention and control strategy by characterising the susceptibility and resistance of these locally circulating strains to currently used antibiotics.
Systematic affinities of Zygophylacidae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Macrocolonia) with descriptions of 15 deep-sea species
Authors: Gu Zhangjie , Ruthensteiner Bernhard , Moura Carlos J , Liu Lihua , Zhang Rui , Song Xikun 
Published: April 2022

AbstractHydrozoans (Cnidaria) are distributed worldwide and exhibit alternating benthic polyp (hydroid) and pelagic medusan life-history forms. Zygophylacidae are a hydrozoan family with an exclusive hydroid stage throughout their life cycle. Within Hydrozoa, they are unusual in that a relatively large proportion (50%) of species occur in deep waters, but their validity and systematic affinities have been controversial for more than a century. Here, 97 deep-sea specimens, collected by manned submersible or bottom dredging, were investigated using an integrative taxonomical approach. Molecular data concatenating the 16S, 18S and 28S rRNA genes support the validity of Zygophylacidae and their placement within Macrocolonia, instead of Lafoeida. Fourteen zygophylacids and one relevant lafoeid are described or re-described, including three newly proposed species: Zygophylax lighti sp. nov. and Z. tankahkeei sp. nov. from the South China Sea, Z. pseudosibogae sp. nov. from Portugal and five species introduced by Eberhard Stechow (1883–1959) through the re-examination of type material. Four candidate generic diagnoses are discussed for future Zygophylacidae fine systematics by integrating a taxonomic review of all 74 zygophylacids. Morphological characters such as long hydrothecae and complex protective gonothecal structures mostly present in the deep-sea zygophylacids are heuristic for future functional morphology and evolutionary studies.
Perianastomotic Irrigation With Passive Drainage Dramatically Decreases POPF Rate After High-risk Pancreaticoduodenectomy
Authors: Adamenko Olga , Ferrari Carlo , Porreca Annamaria , Seewald Stefan , Groth Stefan , Gutzwiller Jean-Pierre , Kulaksiz Hasan , Schmidt Jan 
Published: April 2022

Objective:
To assess whether prophylactic irrigation and passive drainage of pancreatico-jejunal anastomosis could reduce leak and mortality rates after high-risk pancreaticoduodenectomies.

Background:
Postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) is a life-threatening complication following pancreaticoduodenectomy. Several risk factors have been proposed likewise potential mitigation strategies. Regarding the latter, surgical drain policy remains a “hot topic.” We propose an innovative approach to mitigate POPF and POPF-related mortality following high-risk pancreaticoduodenectomies.

Methods:
One hundred fifty-seven patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy between January 2012 and November 2021 were included in the study. Subjects with main pancreatic duct ≤ 3 mm and soft parenchyma were classified as high-risk for POPF development. Since August 2015, high-risk patients received prophylactic irrigation and drainage of the perianastomotic area. These patients were compared with risk-matched historical controls.

Results:
We identified 73 high-risk patients. Of these, the 47 subjects receiving prophylactic perianastomotic irrigation showed significantly lower POPF rates (12.7% vs 69.2%, P < 0.001). Multivariate regression analysis confirmed the significant association between irrigation drainages and POPF (odds ratio 0.014, P = 0.01). Although not significant, mortality was lower in the irrigation group (4.2% vs 13.0%, P = 0.340). However, none of the fatalities in the irrigation-drainage group were POPF-related. No significant difference in length of hospital stay was observed between the 2 groups (18.0 vs 21.0 days, P = 0.091).

Conclusions:
Irrigation and drainage of the perianastomotic area represents a powerful approach to reduce POPF and, potentially, mortality after high-risk pancreaticoduodenectomies.
From Churg–Strauss Syndrome to Eosinophilic Granulomatosis With Polyangiitis: A Historical Review of Nomenclature and Diagnostic Criteria
Authors: Tabb Elisabeth S. , Duncan Lyn M. , Nazarian Rosalynn M. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract:
Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA) is rare vasculitis syndrome that involves the skin and other organ systems manifesting as asthma, eosinophilia, and pulmonary infiltrates. The understanding of EGPA, previously known as Churg–Strauss Syndrome, has continued to evolve from its earliest documentation in the literature in 1951. Herein, we review key historical advances in the diagnosis, classification, and nomenclature of EGPA that have shaped our understanding of this protean disorder over time.
Correlation Between Ultrasonographic Response and Anti–Tumor Necrosis Factor Drug Levels in Crohn's disease
Authors: Han Ze-Min , Elodie Welera Haissou , Yan Li-Hua , Xu Pei-Chun , Zhao Xin-Mei , Zhi Fa-Chao 
Published: April 2022

Background:
Ultrasound is valuable in tight control algorithms for Crohn's disease (CD). However, the correlation between ultrasonographic response and anti–tumor necrosis factor (TNF) drug levels remains unknown. Elucidating this correlation would be helpful in optimizing the use of anti-TNF drugs. Thus, the authors aimed to investigate this correlation.

Methods:
Between June 2020 and June 2021, all patients with CD who completed anti-TNF induction therapy were retrospectively included. Ultrasound was performed at week 0 and week 14, and proactive therapeutic drug monitoring of anti-TNF drugs was performed at week 14. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used in the correlation analysis.

Results:
Ninety-two patients (60 treated with infliximab and 32 with adalimumab) were included. At week 14, an ultrasonographic response was detected in 43 patients. Patients with ultrasonographic response had significantly higher median drug levels (5.9 mcg/mL for infliximab; 18.2 mcg/mL for adalimumab) than those without (0.9 mcg/mL for infliximab, P < 0.001; 4.8 mcg/mL for adalimumab, P < 0.001). The ROC curve showed a significant correlation between ultrasonographic response and anti-TNF drug levels (area under the curve = 0.79 for infliximab, P < 0.001; area under the curve = 0.86 for adalimumab, P < 0.001). The optimal cut-off values for infliximab and adalimumab correlated with ultrasonographic response were 5.0 and 10.5 mcg/mL, respectively. An incremental increase was observed in ultrasonographic response with higher anti-TNF drug levels.

Conclusions:
Higher anti-TNF drug levels are associated with an increased likelihood of ultrasonographic response in patients with CD.
Suboptimal Beta-Lactam Therapy in Critically Ill Children: Risk Factors and Outcome*
Authors: Van Der Heggen Tatjana , Dhont Evelyn , Willems Jef , Herck Ingrid , Delanghe Joris R. , Stove Veronique , Verstraete Alain G. , Vanhaesebrouck Sophie , De Paepe Peter , De Cock Pieter A. J. G. 
Published: April 2022

OBJECTIVES:
In critically ill children, severely altered pharmacokinetics may result in subtherapeutic β-lactam antibiotic concentrations when standard pediatric dosing regimens are applied. However, it remains unclear how to recognize patients most at risk for suboptimal exposure and their outcome. This study aimed to: 1) describe target attainment for β-lactam antibiotics in critically ill children, 2) identify risk factors for suboptimal exposure, and 3) study the association between target nonattainment and clinical outcome.

DESIGN:
Post hoc analysis of the “Antibiotic Dosing in Pediatric Intensive Care” study (NCT02456974, 2012–2019). Steady-state trough plasma concentrations were classified as therapeutic if greater than or equal to the minimum inhibitory concentration of the (suspected) pathogen. Factors associated with subtherapeutic concentrations and clinical outcome were identified by logistic regression analysis.

SETTING:
The pediatric and cardiac surgery ICU of a Belgian tertiary-care hospital.

PATIENTS:
One hundred fifty-seven patients (aged 1 mo to 15 yr) treated intravenously with amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, piperacillin-tazobactam, or meropenem.

INTERVENTIONS:
None.

MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:
Three hundred eighty-two trough concentrations were obtained from 157 patients (median age, 1.25 yr; interquartile range, 0.4–4.2 yr). Subtherapeutic concentrations were measured in 39 of 60 (65%), 43 of 48 (90%), and 35 of 49 (71%) of patients treated with amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, piperacillin-tazobactam, and meropenem, respectively. Estimates of glomerular filtration rate (eGFR; 54% increase in odds for each sd increase in value, 95% CI, 0.287–0.736; p = 0.001) and the absence of vasopressor treatment (2.8-fold greater odds, 95% CI, 1.079–7.253; p = 0.034) were independently associated with target nonattainment. We failed to identify an association between antibiotic concentrations and clinical failure.

CONCLUSIONS:
Subtherapeutic β-lactam concentrations are common in critically ill children and correlate with renal function. eGFR equations may be helpful in identifying patients who may require higher dosing. Future studies should focus on the impact of subtherapeutic concentrations on clinical outcome.
Cost-effectiveness analysis of prosthesis provision for patients with transfemoral amputation in Tanzania
Authors: Donnelley Claire A. , von Kaeppler Ericka P. , Hetherington Alexander , Shirley Corin , Haonga Billy T. , Challa Sravya T. , Andrysek Jan , Lutyens Emily Mochizuki , Mamseri Leah , Mwakasungula Geofrey , Morshed Saam , Shearer David W. 
Published: April 2022

Background:
Limb loss leads to significant disability. Prostheses may mitigate this disability but are not readily accessible in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Cost-effectiveness data related to prosthesis provision in resource-constrained environments such as Tanzania is greatly limited.

Objectives:
This study aimed to compare the cost-effectiveness of a prosthesis intervention compared with that of no prosthesis for persons with transfemoral amputations in an LMIC.

Study design:
This is a prospective cohort study.

Methods:
Thirty-eight patients were prospectively followed up. Clinical improvement with prosthesis provision was measured using EuroQuol-5D, represented as quality-adjusted life years gained. Direct and indirect costs were measured. The primary outcome was incremental cost per quality-adjusted life year, measured at 1 year and projected over a lifetime using a Markov model. Reference case was set as a single prosthesis provided without replacement from a payer perspective. Additional scenarios included the societal perspective and replacement of the prosthesis. Uncertainty was measured with one-way probabilistic sensitivity analysis.

Results:
From the payer perspective, the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) was $242 for those without prosthetic replacement over a lifetime, and the ICER was $390 for those with prosthetic replacement over a lifeime. From the societal perspective, prosthesis provision was both less expensive and more effective. One-way sensitivity analysis demonstrated the ICER remained below the willingness to pay threshold up to prosthesis costs of $763.

Conclusions:
These findings suggest prosthesis provision in an LMIC may be cost-effective, but further studies with long-term follow up are needed to validate the results.
Imaging Aldosterone-Producing Adrenocortical Carcinoma With 68Ga-Pentixafor PET/CT
Authors: Shu QiaoQiao , Deng Maoxue , Chen Yue , Liu Nan , Cai Liang 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) is a 7-transmembrane G protein–coupled receptor, and pentixafor is considered to be a potent ligand for the CXCR4 receptor. Recently, 68Ga-pentixafor has been reported as a potential PET imaging agent for CXCR4-positive tumors and inflammatory lesions, including adrenocortical lesions. We report a case of primary aldosteronism due to adrenocortical carcinoma with intense 68Ga-pentixafor activity on PET/CT.