bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Core Transcription Programs Controlling Injury-Induced Neurodegeneration of Retinal Ganglion Cells
Authors: Tian Feng , Cheng Yuyan , Zhou Songlin , Wang Qianbin , Monavarfeshani Aboozar , Gao Kun , Jiang Weiqian , Kawaguchi Riki , Wang Qing , Tang Mingjun , Donahue Ryan , Meng Huyan , Jacobi Anne , Yin Jiani , Cai Xinyi , Hegarty Shane , Stanicka Joanna , Dmitriev Phillip , Taub Daniel , Woolf Clifford J. , Sanes Joshua R. , Geschwind Daniel H. , He Zhigang 
Published: January 2022

SUMMARYNeurodegenerative diseases are characterized by neuronal death and regenerative failure. However, gene regulatory programs governing how initial neuronal injuries lead to neuronal death remain poorly understood. In adult mice, optic nerve crush (ONC) injury, which severs all axons of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), results in massive death of axotomized RGCs and regenerative failure of survivors. We performed an in vivo CRISPR/Cas9-based genome-wide screen of 1893 transcription factors (TFs) to seek repressors of RGC survival and axon regeneration following ONC. In parallel, we profiled the epigenetic and transcriptional landscapes of injured RGCs by ATAC-seq and RNA-seq to identify critical injury responsive TFs and their targets. Remarkably, these independent analyses converged on a set of four ATF/CEBP transcription factors – ATF3, ATF4, C/EBPγ and CHOP (Ddit3) – as critical regulators of survival. Further studies indicate that these TFs contribute to two pro-death transcriptional programs: ATF3/CHOP preferentially regulate pathways activated by cytokines and innate immunity, whereas ATF4/C/EBPγ regulate pathways engaged by intrinsic neuronal stressors. Manipulation of these TFs also protects RGCs in an experimental model of glaucoma, a prevalent disease in which RGCs die. Together, our results reveal core transcription programs that transform an initial axonal insult into a degenerative result and suggest novel strategies for treating neurodegenerative diseases.
Neural Collective Matrix Factorization for Integrated Analysis of Heterogeneous Biomedical Data
Authors: Mariappan Ragunathan , Jayagopal Aishwarya , Sien Ho Zong , Rajan Vaibhav 
Published: January 2022

AbstractMotivationIn many biomedical studies, there arises the need to integrate data from multiple directly or indirectly related sources. Collective matrix factorization (CMF) and its variants are models designed to collectively learn from arbitrary collections of matrices. The latent factors learnt are rich integrative representations that can be used in downstream tasks such as clustering or relation prediction with standard machine learning models. Previous CMF-based methods have numerous modeling limitations. They do not adequately capture complex non-linear interactions and do not explicitly model varying sparsity and noise levels in the inputs, and some cannot model inputs with multiple datatypes. These inadequacies limit their use on many biomedical datasets.ResultsTo address these limitations, we develop Neural Collective Matrix Factorization (NCMF), the first fully neural approach to CMF. We evaluate NCMF on two relation prediction tasks, gene-disease association prediction and adverse drug event prediction, using multiple datasets. In each case, data is obtained from heterogeneous publicly available databases, and used to learn representations to build predictive models. NCMF is found to outperform previous CMF-based methods and state-of-the-art graph embedding methods for representation learning in our experiments. Our experiments illustrate the versatility and efficacy of NCMF for seamless integration of heterogeneous data.Availabilityhttps://github.com/ncmfsrc/ncmfContactvaibhav.rajan@nus.edu.sg
mRNA COVID-19 vaccine booster fosters B and T cell responses in immunocompromised patients
Authors: Azzolini Elena , Pozzi Chiara , Germagnoli Luca , Oresta Bianca , Carriglio Nicola , Calleri Mariella , Selmi Carlo , De Santis Maria , Finazzi Silvia , Carlo-Stella Carmelo , Bertuzzi Alexia , Motta Francesca , Ceribelli Angela , Mantovani Alberto , Bonelli Fabrizio , Rescigno Maria 
Published: January 2022

AbstractSARS-CoV-2 vaccination has proven effective in inducing an immune response in healthy individuals and is progressively allowing to overcome the pandemic. Recent evidence has shown that response to vaccination in some vulnerable patients may be diminished, and it has been proposed a booster dose. We tested the kinetic of development of serum antibodies to the SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein, their neutralizing capacity, the CD4 and CD8 IFN-γ T cell response in 328 subjects, including 131 immunocompromised individuals (cancer, rheumatologic, and hemodialysis patients), 160 healthcare workers (HCW) and 37 subjects older than 75 yo, after vaccination with two or three doses of mRNA vaccines. We stratified the patients according to the type of treatment. We found that immunocompromised patients, depending on the type of treatment, poorly respond to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines. However, an additional booster dose of vaccine induced a good immune response in almost all of the patients except those receiving anti-CD20 antibody. Similarly to HCW, previously infected and vaccinated immunocompromised individuals demonstrate a stronger SARS-CoV-2 specific immune response than those who are vaccinated without prior infection.Summary blurbImmunocompromised patients poorly respond to two doses of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines. However, an additional booster dose elicits a strong humoral and cellular immune response in these subjects.
Autonomy and new modes of control in digital work contexts – a mixed-methods study of driving professions in food logistics
Authors: Ruiner Caroline , Klumpp Matthias 
Published: January 2022

Purpose Digitalization is changing organizations with positive and negative impacts such as increased autonomy on the one hand and increased surveillance and control on the other hand. In this context, new modes of control occur: in addition to managerial control, new modes of control are multi-directed, stemming from colleagues, customers and underlying algorithms. This paper investigates the interrelation of autonomy and new modes of control in digital work contexts from the workers’ perspectives.Design/methodology/approach Empirical data are based on a mixed-methods approach combining qualitative interviews with 25 and a quantitative questionnaire with 127 workers from urban food logistics organizations in Germany.Findings The results show that new modes of control are relevant for work engagement in digital work contexts: managerial and algorithm control are perceived as support. Peer and customer control are perceived as coercion.Originality/value Besides investigating the interrelation of autonomy and control and differentiating new modes of control, our study also makes important contributions to the perception of control as support and coercion.
Managerial coaching: a paradox-based view
Authors: Dhar Udayan 
Published: January 2022

PurposeStudies on managerial coaching have documented the challenges and complexities involved. Therefore, this study aims to develop a conceptual framework to understand these challenges.Design/methodology/approachThis article uses the lens of paradox theory and intentional change theory to develop a conceptual framework to explain that managerial coaching is the source of emergent tensions.FindingsIn this study, four tensions that emerge in the socio-psychological response of the team member and their bi-directional impacts are described, namely, the tensions between change and continuity; autonomy and structure; short and long-term orientations; and authenticity and social influence.Originality/valueThe theory developed in this paper could help researchers design methodologically rigorous studies on managerial coaching effectiveness.
A theoretical exploration of out-group versus in-group perspectives on the dynamics of team effectiveness
Authors: Vlas Radu , Nguyen Huy Will , Vlas Cristina O. 
Published: January 2022

Purpose
Past research on transactive memory systems (TMS) often treated the focal team as an isolated entity. Previous literature overlooked two aspects of TMS: its existence beyond the boundaries of the focal team (further referred to as out-group TMS) and the way the out-group TMS helps teams adapt and remain effective when the circumstances change. This study aims to fill this gap by exploring the overlooked aspects of TMS on the dynamics of team effectiveness.

Design/methodology/approach
This study adopts a theoretical perspective and proposes two sets of propositions. First set explores the overlooked construct of out-group TMS and defines the boundaries of its applicability by building on Lewis’ (2003) dimensions of TMS. Second set explores ways in which out-group TMS can combine with in-group TMS to enable higher team effectiveness in fast-paced settings facing uncertainty and change.

Findings
The study’s conceptual perspective builds the grounds for improving scholars’ understanding of the drivers of team effectiveness in relation to the locus of TMS. The study investigates ways to combine in-group and out-group TMS and conceptually discusses their effects on team effectiveness: a mediation, an interaction and an additive model. The investigation concludes that out-group TMS plays a critical role and that overlooking its impact can be devastating for organizations in fast-paced environments.

Originality/value
This study unveils the unique and previously underexplored dynamics of transactive memory in teams with looser boundaries. Further, it extends scholars’ understanding of team cognition in contemporary, fast-paced business environments.
Drought impacts on microbial trait distribution and feedback to soil carbon cycling
Authors: Malik Ashish A. , Bouskill Nicholas J. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Quantifying the impact of drought on microbial processes and its consequences for soil carbon cycling is hindered by the lack of underlying mechanistic understanding. Therefore, there is a need to scale up the physiological response to changing water status from individual soil microbes to collective communities across different ecosystems.

Here we propose the use of a framework that incorporates trait‐based ecology to link drought‐impacted microbial processes to rates of soil carbon decomposition and stabilisation. We briefly synthesise existing knowledge on the effects of drought on microbial physiology at the individual to community scale, before integrating this understanding within a framework incorporating life‐history strategy, ecological strategy and biochemistry.

This framework highlights a dynamic allocation to high yield (Y), resource acquisition (A) and stress tolerance (S) pathways as environmental conditions change. Y‐A‐S strategies represent sets of traits that tend to correlate due to physiological or evolutionary trade‐offs. This framework enables assessment of microbial processes along two key environmental gradients of water and resource availability, both of which are constrained by drought.

The variable chemistry of biomass and necromass produced under different physiological strategies in response to drying–rewetting impacts organic matter decomposition and stabilisation in soils, and should also be considered when quantifying soil carbon balance. We highlight that diversion of resources away from microbial growth can alter soil organic matter chemistry and its persistence depending on the kind of microbial compounds produced.

To advance such a framework, we highlight avenues of research that would enable the further identification and quantification of traits linked to Y‐A‐S strategies and the physiological outcomes at the community level under drought and rewetting, and conclude by hypothesising how ecosystem‐level changes might feedback on to the soil carbon cycle. A scalable understanding of microbial drought‐response mechanisms affecting soil carbon cycling will transform the way microbial physiology is represented in ecosystem studies.

Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
Executive summary of the 2021 SAEM consensus conference: From bedside to policy: Advancing social emergency medicine and population health through research, collaboration, and education
Authors: Schoenfeld Elizabeth M. , Lin Michelle P. , Samuels‐Kalow Margaret E. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundSocial emergency medicine (social EM) examines the intersection of emergency care and the social factors that influence health outcomes. In 2021, the SAEM consensus conference focused on social EM and population health, with the goal of prioritizing research topics, creating collaborations, and advancing the field of social EM.MethodsOrganization of the conference began in 2019 within SAEM. Cochairs were identified and a planning committee created the framework for the conference. Leaders for subgroups were identified, and subgroups performed literature reviews and identified additional stakeholders within EM and community organizations. As a result of the COVID‐19 pandemic, the conference format was modified.ResultsA total of 246 participants registered for the conference and participated in some capacity at three distinct online sessions. Research prioritization subgroups were as follows—group 1: ED screening and referral for social and access needs; group 2: structural competency; and group 3: race, racism, and antiracism. Thirty‐two “projects in progress” were presented within five domains—identity and health: people and places; health care systems; training and education; material needs; and individual and structural violence.ConclusionsDespite ongoing challenges posed by the COVID‐19 pandemic, the 2021 SAEM consensus conference brought together hundreds of stakeholders to define research priorities and create collaborations to push the field forward.
Low versus high level of response to alcohol affects amygdala functional connectivity during processing of emotional stimuli
Authors: McKenna Benjamin S. , Anthenelli Robert M. , Smith Tom L. , Schuckit Marc A. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundLow levels of response (low LR) to alcohol predict heavy drinking and alcohol problems. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies of emotion processing have shown that low LR individuals exhibit lower activation in task‐related brain regions following both placebo and alcohol administration, but these studies did not examine functional brain networks that might contribute to the phenomena. The current study expands upon the earlier results by evaluating whether functional connectivity differences between the amygdala and other brain regions modulated by emotional face processing are associated with LR. Based on prior findings, we hypothesized that low LR is related to lower functional connectivity in fronto‐amygdalar functional circuits, which underlie the processing of emotional stimuli.MethodsSecondary analyses were conducted on data from a double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, within‐subjects, cross‐over study in 108 18‐to‐25‐year‐old low and high LR sex‐matched pairs without alcohol use disorder at baseline. Participants performed modified emotional faces processing tasks after receiving placebo or approximately 0.7 ml/kg of ethanol. Psychophysiological interaction analyses examined functional connectivity between left and right amygdalae and related brain circuits using LR‐by‐alcohol general linear models. The data included 54 sex‐matched pairs with 216 fMRI scans comprising alcohol and placebo conditions.ResultsCompared with individuals with high LR, low LR subjects demonstrated lower functional connectivity between the amygdala and the frontal lobes, insula, and parietal regions, while processing angry and happy faces. Interactions showed lower connectivity following alcohol in low LR and higher connectivity in high LR groups.ConclusionsLow LR individuals demonstrated lower functional connectivity in response both to placebo and a modest dose of ethanol. Attenuated connectivity among low LR individuals when processing emotional faces may contribute to an impaired ability to recognize alcohol intoxication in social situations and to appraise angry and happy emotions irrespective of whether alcohol is consumed.
Inadequate neuraxial anaesthesia in patients undergoing elective caesarean section: a systematic review
Authors: Patel R. , Kua J. , Sharawi N. , Bauer M.E. , Blake L. , Moonesinghe S. R. , Sultan P. 
Published: January 2022

SummaryNeuraxial anaesthesia is widely utilised for elective caesarean section, but the prevalence of inadequate intra‐operative anaesthesia is unclear. We aimed to determine the prevalence of inadequate neuraxial anaesthesia for elective caesarean section; prevalence of conversion from neuraxial anaesthesia to general anaesthesia following inadequate neuraxial anaesthesia; and the effect of mode of anaesthesia. We searched studies reporting inadequate neuraxial anaesthesia that used ≥ ED95 doses (effective dose in 95% of the population) of neuraxial local anaesthetic agents. Our primary outcome was the prevalence of inadequate neuraxial anaesthesia, defined as the need to convert to general anaesthesia; the need to repeat or abandon a planned primary neuraxial technique following incision; unplanned administration of intra‐operative analgesia (excluding sedatives); or unplanned epidural drug supplementation. Fifty‐four randomised controlled trials were included (3497 patients). The overall prevalence of requirement for supplemental analgesia or anaesthesia was 14.6% (95%CI 13.3–15.9%); 510 out of 3497 patients. The prevalence of general anaesthesia conversion was 2 out of 3497 patients (0.06% (95%CI 0.0–0.2%)). Spinal/combined spinal–epidural anaesthesia was associated with a lower overall prevalence of inadequate neuraxial anaesthesia than epidural anaesthesia (10.2% (95%CI 9.0–11.4%), 278 out of 2732 patients vs. 30.3% (95%CI 26.5–34.5%), 232 out of 765 patients). Further studies are needed to identify risk factors, optimise detection and management strategies and to determine long‐term effects of inadequate neuraxial anaesthesia.
What about the fellow eye in treatment of neovascular age‐related macular degeneration? Analysis of data from the Swedish macula register
Authors: Lövestam Adrian Monica , Schroeder Marion , Westborg Inger 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPurposeTo analyse the development of neovascular age‐related macular degeneration (nAMD) in the fellow eye in patients initially presenting with unilateral nAMD, using data from the Swedish Macula Register.MethodsThis observational study included data on treatment‐naïve patients who initially underwent unilateral treatment for nAMD, and then required bilateral treatment, between 2010 and 2018, according to the Swedish Macula Register (SMR). The data were also stratified according into three time periods (2010–2013; 2014–2016; 2017–2018). Treatment duration, best‐corrected visual acuity (BCVA) in the first and second eye, number of injections in the first eye before falling ill in the second, and the time between the last injection in the first eye and the start of treatment of the fellow eye were analysed.Results5216 out of 28 670 (18%) patients treated for nAMD subsequently required bilateral treatment. The mean age was 77.7 ± 7.3 years, and 69% were female. The mean duration of treatment of the first eye before nAMD was diagnosed in the fellow eye was 1.58 years, and the mean number of injections in the first eye was 8.9 ± 8.6. Best‐corrected visual acuity, according to the ETDRS chart, was higher in the second eye at the time when treatment started in that eye compared to treatment start in the first eye: 62.8 (14.7) versus 57.6 (15.5); p < 0.001, and was higher in the 66% whose first eye was still undergoing treatment: 63.6 ± 14.5 versus 61.0 ± 14.8; p = 0.001.ConclusionsThe mean duration of treatment of the first eye before treatment started in the fellow eye was 19 months, and treatment of the second eye had started within 2 years in 61% of the patients. Best‐corrected visual acuity was higher in the second eye than in the first eye at the start of treatment of that eye and was higher in the second eye at the start of treatment of that eye when the first eye was still being treated.
Annular atrophic lichen planus: a review of the literature
Authors: Santhosh Parvathy , George Mamatha 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAnnular atrophic lichen planus (AALP) is a rare variant of lichen planus. It is differentiated from other variants of lichen planus by a reduction of elastin fibers in the superficial dermis, which is a feature specific to this subtype. It has clinical features of both annular and atrophic lichen planus and has a chronic course. AALP does not usually respond to topical or systemic steroids, and a consensus regarding a treatment ladder is yet to be reached. Topical tacrolimus may be considered as a treatment option. Annular atrophic lichen planus is a relatively unknown condition, which may remain undiagnosed and difficult to manage, owing to a paucity of literature and lack of consensus on management.
Strong Allee effect and basins of attraction in a discrete‐time zoonotic infectious disease model
Authors: Yakubu Abdul‐Aziz , Ziyadi Najat 
Published: January 2022

AbstractMotivated by the Feline immunodeficiency virus, the virus that causes AIDS in cat populations, we use discrete‐time infectious disease models with demographic strong Allee effect to examine the impact of the fatal susceptible‐infected (SI) infections on two different types of growth functions: Holling type III or modified Beverton–Holt per‐capita growth function (compensatory density dependence), and Ricker per‐capita growth function with mating (overcompensatory density dependence). The occurrence of the strong Allee effect in the disease‐free equation renders the SI population model bistable, where the two coexisting locally asymptotically stable equilibrium points are either the origin (catastrophic extinction state) and the second fixed point (compensatory dynamics) or the origin and an intrinsically generated demographic period population cycle (overcompensatory dynamics). We use the basic reproduction number, , and the spectral radius, , to examine the structures of the coexisting attractors. In particular, we use MATLAB simulations to show that the fatal disease is not only capable of enlarging or shrinking the basin of attraction of the catastrophic extinction state, but it is also capable of fracturing the basins of attraction into several disjoint sets. Thus, making it difficult to specify the asymptotic zoonotic SI disease outcome in terms of all initial infections. The complexity of the basins of attractions appears to increase with an increase in the period of the intrinsically generated demographic population cycles.Recommendations for Resource Managers:

Worldwide, disease agents which originate from animals or products of animal origin, such as Ebola virus, COVID‐19, West Nile virus, or malaria are responsible for millions of deaths each year.
To help improve control and ultimately eradicate future pandemics in human populations, we use a Feline immunodeficiency virus disease model with the strong Allee effect to understand outbreaks of zoonotic diseases. In general, the strong Allee effect renders a population bistable with a catastrophic extinction state coexisting with a persistence state.
We use the basic reproduction number and the spectral radius to obtain conditions for outbreaks of zoonotic diseases and conditions for zoonotic disease extinction.
We show that a fatal zoonotic disease is not only capable of enlarging or shrinking the basin of attraction of the catastrophic extinction state, but it is also capable of fracturing the basins of attraction into several disjoint sets. Thus, making it difficult to specify the asymptotic zoonotic disease outcome in terms of all initial infections.
The complexity of the basins of attractions appears to increase with an increase in the period of the demographic population cycles.