bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bi-Metallic films of Gold, MXene, and Graphene nano film-based Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensor for Malaria Detection: A Numerical Analysis
Authors: Uniyal Arun , Chauhan Brajlata , Pal Amrindra 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In this proposed work, an SPR-based biosensor with dual nanofilms of a gold metal, 2-Dimensional MXene, and graphene has been proposed to detect different malaria stages. The principal obeyed by the sensor design is attenuated total reflection (ATR) with a modified Kretschmann-based configuration. Numerical computational results give the higher sensitivity for our proposed design as 227.9 degree/RIU (for single MXene and dual graphene layers at RI variation of 1.33 to 1.38 with a change of 0.01) and 258.28 degree/RIU(for trophozoite stage of malaria disease), with other performance parameters like DA computed as equal to 0.14 degree-1 , QF as 31 RIU-1 and 35.5 RIU-1, FWHM as 7.35 degree and 7.27 degree for single MXene, dual graphene nanofilms and trophozoite stage respectively. The suggested biosensor can diagnose the various stages of severe malaria disease by measuring the refractive index alteration in red blood cells (RBCs).
Inhibitory of active dual cancer targeting 5-Fluorouracil nanoparticles on liver cancer in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Cheng Mingrong , Dejian Dai 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In the previous experiments, biotin (Bio) was grafted onto CS to synthesize biotin-modified chitosan (Bio-CS) with liver cancer targeting efficacy, but there is still room for improvement in the targeting of Bio-CS to liver cancer. Based on the high expression of folate (FA) receptors on the surface of liver cancers, FA was grafted onto Bio-CS by chemical synthesis to optimize the synthesis of folic acid-modified biotinylated chitosan (FA-CS-Bio), verified by infrared spectroscopy and 1H-NMR. FA-CS-Bio/Fluorouracil (5-FU) nanoparticles had an obvious sustained release effect. Compared with Bio-CS, FA-CS-Bio could promote the inhibition of the proliferation and migration of liver cancer by 5-FU, and the concentration of 5-FU in hepatoma cells was significantly increased. Laser confocal experiments confirmed that FA-CS-Bio caused a significant increase in the fluorescence intensity in liver cancer cells. In terms of animal experiments, FA-CS-Bio increased the concentration of 5-FU in liver cancer tissue by 1.6 times on the basis of Bio-CS and the number of monophotons in liver cancer tissue by in vivo dynamic imaging experiments was significantly stronger than that of Bio-CS, indicating that the targeting ability of FA-CS-Bio was further improved. Compared with Bio-CS, FA-CS-Bio can significantly prolong the survival time of an orthotopic liver cancer transplantation model in mice and has a relieving effect on liver function damage and bone marrow suppression caused by 5-FU. In conclusion, FA-CS-Bio has significantly improved liver cancer targeting ability, prolonged the survival period of tumor-bearing mice, and alleviated the toxic and side effects caused by 5-FU.
Engine Oil Quality Deterioration Estimation Using Integrated Sensory System
Authors: Shinde Harish M. , Bewoor Anand K. , Kumar Ravinder , Elsheikh Ammar H. , Singh Dheerendra vikram , Sengottain S. , Panchal Hitesh 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Engine oil deterioration level affects working and performance of internal combustion engine. Hence, it is necessary to compare the deterioration level of engine oils, with focus on kinematic viscosity, oxidation, nitration etc. which are important oil testing parameters. If without quantifying the remaining useful life of the engine oil, it is changed too early, results in insufficient use of already depleting resources and also unwanted impact on environment while disposing. Changing the engine oil too late with deteriorated quality, will hamper the performance of engine. To determine optimum point for changing engine oil, in present study oil testing is carried out for vehicle which is due for servicing. The oil samples collected randomly from vehicles which came to an authorized service station for servicing covering a large range from the first servicing to the fifth servicing were tested. Oil samples were first tested by a viscometer and FTIR spectroscopy in a laboratory as per standard. The samples were then tested on a setup of sensors designed and developed by the authors. The results provided a fairly strong positive relationship between important engine oil deterioration parameters such as kinematic viscosity, oxidation and nitration with the determination coefficient R2 = 0.97.Out of total collected samples about 8% samples were within usable limit. The study uncovers different oil deterioration sensor methods which provide low cost, on-site handy solutions for oil condition monitoring and the forecasting of the remaining useful life of the engine oil.
RNA-seq analysis, targeted long-read sequencing, and in silico prediction to unravel pathogenic intronic events and predict the regulatory mechanisms underlying complex splicing abnormalities in patients with dystrophinopathy
Authors: Okubo Mariko , Noguchi Satoru , Awaya Tomonari , Hosokawa Motoyasu , Tsukui Nobue , Ogawa Megumu , Hayashi Shinichiro , Komaki Hirofumi , Mori-Yoshimura Madoka , Oya Yasushi , Takahashi Yuji , Fukuyama Tetsuhiro , Funato Michinori , Hosokawa Yousuke , Kinoshita Satoru , Matsumura Tsuyoshi , Nakamura Sadao , Oshiro Azusa , Terashima Hiroshi , Nagasawa Tetsuro , Sato Tatsuharu , Shimada Yumi , Tokita Yasuko , Hagiwara Masatoshi , Ogata Katsuhisa , Nishino Ichizo 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Dystrophinopathy is caused by alterations in DMD. Approximately 1% of patients remain genetically undiagnosed because intronic variations are not detected by standard methods. Here, we combined laboratory and in silico analyses to identify disease-causing genomic variants in genetically undiagnosed patients and determine the regulatory mechanisms underlying abnormal DMD transcript generation. DMD transcripts from 20 genetically undiagnosed dystrophinopathy patients in whom no exon variants were identified, despite dystrophin deficiency on muscle biopsy, were analyzed by transcriptome sequencing. Genome sequencing captured intronic variants and their effects were interpreted using in silico tools. Targeted long-read sequencing was applied in cases with suspected structural genomic abnormalities. Abnormal DMD transcripts were detected in all cases analyzed. Exonization of intronic sequences was observed in 15 cases and exon skipping in one case; 13 single nucleotide variants and three structural rearrangements were identified as causal genomic variations. DMD transcripts were aberrantly spliced and polyadenylated in two cases in which chromosome rearrangements were detected. In one case, DMD transcripts were terminated due to nucleotide repeat expansion. Our combined analysis approach successfully identified pathogenic events. Detection of diseasing-causing mechanisms in DMD transcripts could inform the therapeutic options for patients with dystrophinopathy.
Effects of Riceberry rice bran oil supplementation on oxidative stress, cardiovascular risk biomarkers, and cardiac autonomic nervous system activity in older adults with prehypertension
Authors: Prasertsri Piyapong , Boonla Orachorn , Vierra Jaruwan , Yisarakun Waranurin , Koowattanatianchai Sukrisd , Phoemsapthawee Jatuporn 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
In this study, we aimed to measure the changes in the biomarkers of oxidative stress, cardiovascular disease risk, and the activity of the cardiac autonomic nervous system in older adults with prehypertension after supplementation with Riceberry rice bran oil.
Methods
In total, 35 women aged 60–76 years with prehypertension were randomly allocated to two groups, one of which was supplemented with rice bran oil (n = 18) and the other with Riceberry rice bran oil (n = 17) at 1,000 mg (500 mg × 2 capsules) daily for 8 weeks. The primary outcomes, including oxidative stress and cardiovascular risk biomarkers, and secondary outcomes, including heart rate variability and blood pressure, were determined before and after the 8-week supplementation.
Results
The levels of plasma malondialdehyde, blood glutathione disulfide, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha were significantly decreased, and the ratio of reduced glutathione to glutathione disulfide significantly increased in both groups after supplementation (all p < 0.05). No significant differences were noted between groups. Heart rate variability and blood pressure were not statistically significantly different after supplementation in both groups.
Conclusions
Supplementation with Riceberry rice bran oil for 8 weeks may attenuate oxidative stress and inflammation in older adults with prehypertension. The effects of a longer supplementation period or use in hypertensive persons should be further investigated, especially with regard to blood pressure and cardiac autonomic nervous system activity.
Trial registration:
This trial was registered March 22, 2019 at https://www.thaiclinicaltrials.org as TCTR20190322002.
What Rare Disease Patient Advocacy Groups Are Doing to Mitigate the Effects of Disparities
Authors: Drell Debbie , De Silva Ashanthi , Lee Cornelia 
Published: June 2022

Compared with chronic diseases affecting larger populations, rare disease (RD) patients experience great inequities in diagnosis, care, and research. Within RDs, health disparities compound these inequities, as marginalized communities experience additional barriers in accessing clinical care and are often underrepresented from participation in research and clinical trials. For almost 40 years, the National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD), a RD umbrella organization with over 300 nonprofit organizational members, has led efforts to understand and address inequities for the RD community through innovative research, programming, and collaboration with patients, caregivers, practitioners, and external stakeholders.
The beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 brought to light longstanding disparities and discrimination for marginalized communities as well as pivotal racial justice movements. These events spurred many RD nonprofit organizations’ interest in increasing outreach and engagement with minoritized communities within RDs and diversifying their organization internally. Building on the increased interest in diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI), NORD has focused on collecting case studies from within NORD and its member organizations to capture current efforts to improve DEI within the RD ecosystem. One way clinicians can work to mitigate the effects of disparities is to collaborate with RD patient organizations; this article provides a means by which clinicians and researchers can understand some of the challenges RD nonprofit organizations face in bridging disparities and learn about solutions to supporting marginalized patients within their communities. Clinicians are encouraged to join NORD in our policy efforts advocating to ensure patient access to health care providers practicing in a different state vis-à-vis telehealth.
Atypical Antipsychotic Drugs in Dual Disorders: Current Evidence for Clinical
Practice
Authors: Martinotti Giovanni , Chiappini Stefania , Mosca Alessio , Miuli Andrea , Santovito Maria Chiara , Pettorruso Mauro , Skryabin Valentin , Sensi Stefano L. , Giannantonio Massimo Di 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Concurrent disorder or dual diagnosis refers to a combination of substance use disorders and mental disorders that occur in the same patient simultaneously. These conditions pose significant clinical and healthcare impacts and are often underdiagnosed, undertreated, and complex to manage.

Objective:
We assessed the quality of current pharmacological recommendations for the management of dual diagnosis, particularly by evaluating the use of second-generation antipsychotics (SGA).

Method:
A literature search was performed using the PubMed and Scopus databases for publications up to September 21, 2021, without any time restrictions. The following search strings were used: (aripiprazole OR brexpiprazole OR cariprazine OR paliperidone OR risperidone OR quetiapine OR clozapine OR olanzapine) AND (psychosis OR schizophrenia OR schizoaffective) AND (“substance use disorder” OR cocaine OR alcohol OR cannabis OR heroin OR “double diagnosis” OR “dual diagnosis”)) NOT (animal OR rat OR mouse) NOT (review or meta-analysis).

Results:
The search produced a final set of 41 articles. Most patients were males and were affected by schizophrenia, with cannabis the most abused substance, followed by alcohol. Aripiprazole was the most used drug, either orally or by long-acting formulations, followed by risperidone with oral and long-acting formulations, clozapine, olanzapine, and quetiapine.

Conclusion:
The findings highlight the use of SGA for the treatment of psychotic symptoms in comorbidity with substance use. Future studies on people with dual diagnosis and focused on long-term evaluations are warranted and need to investigate the efficacy of newly introduced molecules, such as partial D2 agonists and long-acting injectable antipsychotics.
Effect of C. cyminum and L. sativum on Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of
Antidiabetic Drug Gliclazide
Authors: I. Al-Suwaydani Abdulelah , Alam Mohd A. , Raish Mohammed , A. Bin Jardan Yousef , Ahad Abdul , I. Al-Jenoobi Fahad 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Numerous herbs are reported to have anti-hyperglycemic activity and are frequently used in
combination with prescription drugs to lower the blood glucose levels in diabetic patients, without proper knowledge
about the possibility of herb-drug interaction.

Objectives:
To investigate the effect of cumin and garden cress on pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics
(PD) of gliclazide (GLZ) in nicotinamide-streptozotocin diabetic model.

Methods:
Diabetic animals of groups II-IV were treated with GLZ, cumin, ‘cumin + GLZ’, garden cress and ‘garden
cress + GLZ’. Herb’s treatments were given for two weeks, and GLZ was administered in a single dose. Blood glucose
levels (BGLs) were measured at pre-determined time points. Plasma samples of pharmacokinetic study were
analyzed using UPLC-MS/MS. GLZ fragment at m/z 324.1>127 was monitored.

Results:
Cumin and garden cress have shown 15.3% and 15.9% reduction in mean BGL (1-24h) (p-value < 0.001),
respectively. GLZ reduced mean BGL by 30.0%, which was significantly better than cumin and garden cress (pvalue
<0.05). Concurrently administered “garden cress + GLZ” demonstrated the highest reduction in mean BGL
(by 40.46%) and showed a prolonged effect. There was no significant advantage of simultaneously administered
‘cumin + GLZ’. Cumin did not affect PK of GLZ. Garden cress has significantly enhanced AUC0-t (by 69.8%, pvalue
0.0013), but other PK parameters Cmax, Tmax, and Kel were close to the control group.

Conclusion:
PK/PD-based herb-drug interaction was observed. Concurrently administered garden cress + GLZ
showed improved antidiabetic effect and has enhanced GLZ bioavailability.
Recent Insights of Metformin on Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC)
Authors: Wang Kaizhen , Zhang Kuojun , Zhang Xiangyu , Chen Dong , Jiang Sheng 
Published: June 2022

Abstract:
Metformin is an oral hypoglycemic drug, the first option used to treat type 2 diabetes
mellitus due to its high efficacy and low cost. Recently, it has drawn attention among researchers
due to its new-found antitumor effect. Growing evidence showed that metformin could inhibit
cancer progression, especially in hepatocellular carcinoma, and several clinical trials are underway.
However, the underlying mechanisms of the inhibition of hepatocellular carcinoma remain
to be further explored and clarified. Herein, we reviewed the latest findings of how metformin
acts against hepatocellular carcinoma and the proposed mechanisms. In addition, we included related
preclinical trials, along with the limitations and perspectives of its treatment in hepatocellular
carcinoma, providing novel ideas for research to conquer hepatocellular carcinoma.
Targeting the Transforming Growth Factor-beta Signaling Pathway in the
Treatment of Gynecologic Cancer
Authors: Avan Amir , Ghanaatgar-Kasbi Sadaf , Pouya Farzaneh , Khoshghamat Negar , Ghorbannezhad Ghazaleh , Khazaei Majid , Hasanzadeh Malihe , Ferns Gordon A. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract:
The transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) signaling pathway has been reported to be
dysregulated in the pathogenesis of several malignancies, including gynecologic cancers. This provides
proof of concept of its potential value as a therapeutic target and prognostic biomarker in cervical cancer.
Here we provide an overview of the biological role and clinical impact of TGF-β inhibitors either
as a single agent or as a combinatorial therapy in gynecological cancers, concentrating on phase I to
phase II/III clinical trials. Aberrant TGF-β signaling may lead to carcinogenesis. Inhibition of TGF-β
represents an interesting area of focus for the treatment of gynecological cancer. Several TGF-β inhibitors
are potential anticancer agents and are undergoing clinical trials in cancer, including galunisertib,
dalantercept, and vigil. There is a growing body of data showing the potential therapeutic impact of
targeting the TGF-β pathway in different cancer types, although further studies are still warranted to
explore the value of this strategy and finding the most appropriate patients who could most benefit from
therapy.
Cucurbitacin D Inhibits the Proliferation of HepG2 Cells and Induces
Apoptosis by Modulating JAK/STAT3, PI3K/Akt/mTOR and MAPK Signaling
Pathways
Authors: Türköz Yusuf , Mehdi Üremiş Muhammed , Üremiş Nuray , Tosun Emir , Durhan Merve , Çiğremiş Yılmaz , Baysar Ahmet 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Cucurbitacin D (CuD) is a natural compound that can be isolated in various
plant families, mainly from Ecballium elaterium (L.) A. Rich. (E. Elaterium). It is a triterpenoid with
a broad spectrum of biological activity, including anti-cancer properties. Hepatocellular carcinoma,
the aggressive type of liver cancer, is an important public health problem worldwide.

Objective:
In the present study, we investigated the anticancer effect of CuD treated at different doses
on the HepG2 cell line and the underlying mechanism in vitro.

Method:
CuD was isolated from the fruit juice of E. Elaterium plant, and quantitative analysis was
performed using high-performance liquid chromatography. The cell viability effect of purified CuD
was determined by the MTT test, and also cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest effects were determined
by flow cytometry. DNA damage was evaluated with the comet test. Proteins and genes involved in
PI3K/AKT/mTOR, MAPK, and JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathways were evaluated by western blot
and qRT-PCR.

Result:
CuD showed both antiproliferative and cytotoxic effects against the HepG2 cell line in a dose
and time-dependent manner. It was observed that CuD induced apoptosis and blocked the cell cycle in
HepG2 cells. It was observed that the expressions of genes and some proteins that play a key role in
PI3K/AKT/mTOR, MAPK, and JAK2/STAT3 cascades were dose-dependently down-regulated and
led to activatation of the apoptotic pathway.

Conclusion:
All these results show promise that CuD may have a therapeutic effect in hepatocellular
carcinoma.
Phenolic Acids - Versatile Natural Moiety with Numerous Biological
Applications
Authors: Sehrawat Renu , Rathee Priyanka , Akkol Esra Küpelli , Khatkar Sarita , Lather Amit , Redhu Neelam , Khatkar Anurag 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Medicinal uses of natural phenolic acids and its synthetic derivatives have been augmented in recent years. Phenolic acids are chemically defined secondary plant metabolitesand being moieties or leads are much versatile in nature with a widescope of biological activities which seek the attention of researchers across the worldto synthesize different derivatives of phenolic acids and screen them for their various biological properties.These compounds are of meticulous interest due to the properties they possess and their occurrence.Based on the convincing evidences reported in the literature, it is suggested that phenolic acids andtheir derivatives are promising molecules as a drug.

Objective:
The present review article aims to bring together the information on the biosynthesis, metabolism, and sources of phenolic acids and emphasize on the therapeutic potential of phenolic acid and its synthetic derivatives to comprehensively portray the current scenery for researchers interested in designing drugs for furthering this study.

Conclusion:
Phenolic acids being moieties or lead are much versatile in nature as they possess a wide range of biological activities like antimicrobial, antioxidant, antiviral, antiulcer, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, anticancer and many more which offers researchers to explore more about these or many untapped benefits in medicinal field. The information mentioned in this article will be helpful to the forthcoming researchers working in this area. Phenolic acids have massive potential to be investigated for novel medicinal possibilities and for the development of new chemical moieties to treat different diseases of clinical importance.
SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19: Clinical Course Among Subjects HIV-1-Infected
in Sao Paulo
Authors: Monteiro Mariana A. , Prates Gabriela S. , de Lima Nascimento Najara A. , Veiga Ana Paula R. , Magri Marcello M.C. , Polis Thales J.B. , Gascon Maria R.P. , Ferreira Mauricio D. , Tiberto Larissa , Pereira Luisa O. , Alves Wagner , Fonseca Luiz A.M. , Duarte Alberto J.S. , Casseb Jorge 
Published: June 2022

Introduction:
People living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) are under risk
for co-infection with SARS-CoV-2. This population may be more prone to complications from
COVID-19 due to persistent inflammation caused by HIV and higher incidence of metabolic syndromes,
cardiovascular diseases, and malignancies, as well as being considered elderly at 50 years
of age. The objective of this study was to report SARS-CoV-2 infection frequency, clinical evolution,
and mortality in HIV-positive patients on antiretroviral therapy.

Methods:
The period of inquiry ranged from January to September 2020. Due to the social distance
and the suspension of in-person medical care during the time of the investigation, we sent electronic
questions about demographic, epidemiological, and clinical data to 403 HIV-infected patients.

Results:
Among 260 patients who answered the questionnaire, thirty-nine patients (15%) had suggestive
symptoms and were tested for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Of this, 11 had positive results
(32.4%) and no patient died of COVID-19 complications. Nine were male (3.4%), and the mean age
of the patients with positive results was 43.2 years (± 9.6). 107 patients (41.1%) were over 50 years
of age and their mean T-CD4+ cell count was 768. Eleven patients (4.2%) had a detectable HIV
RNA viral load and 127 (48.8%) had comorbidities. These variables were not associated with an increased
risk for infection.

Conclusion:
The frequency of Sars-Cov2 infection among HIV-infected is similar to the general
population, and the clinical course is associated with the presence of comorbidities and not due to
the HIV infection. However, new studies should be done to assess if this vulnerable population
could answer the vaccine anti-SARS-Cov2.