bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of pulsed electromagnetic field therapy in the management of complex regional pain syndrome type 1: A randomized-controlled trial
Authors: Cömertoğlu İsmail , Güneş Seçilay , Halil Elhan Atilla , Üstüner Evren , Kutlay Şehim , Adile Küçükdeveci Ayşe 
Published: March 2022

Objectives: This study aims to investigate whether pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) therapy in addition to a conventional rehabilitation program is effective on pain and functioning in patients with type 1 complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS-1) of the hand.
Patients and methods: Between March 2013 and January 2015, a total of 32 patients (16 males, 16 females; mean age: 50.1±13.1 years; range, 25 to 75 years) were included. The patients were randomly allocated into two groups. The control group (n=16) received a conventional rehabilitation program consisting of physical modalities, exercises, and occupational therapy, whereas the PEMF group (n=16) received additional PEMF (8 Hz, 3.2 mT) to the affected hand. The primary outcome measure was pain intensity using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS). Secondary outcome measures were grip and pinch strength, hand edema, hand dexterity, and hand activities. All patients received 20 therapy sessions (five sessions/week, four weeks in total) and were evaluated before and after the therapy and at the first-month follow-up.
Results: Both groups showed significant improvements in primary and secondary outcomes (p<0.05) after the therapy and at follow-up. When the groups were compared in terms of improvements in assessment parameters, no statistically significant difference was found between the two groups in any of the outcomes (p>0.05).
Conclusion: The PEMF in addition to conventional rehabilitation program did not provide additional benefit for pain and hand functions in CRPS-1. Future studies using different application parameters such as frequency, intensity, duration, and route may provide a better understanding of the role of PEMF in CRPS-1 treatment.
Subject specific muscle synergies and mechanical output during cycling with arms or legs
Authors: Cartier Théo , Vigouroux Laurent , Viehweger Elke , Rao Guillaume 
Published: March 2022

Background
Upper (UL) and lower limb (LL) cycling is extensively used for several applications, especially for rehabilitation for which neuromuscular interactions between UL and LL have been shown. Nevertheless, the knowledge on the muscular coordination modality for UL is poorly investigated and it is still not known whether those mechanisms are similar or different to those of LL. The aim of this study was thus to put in evidence common coordination mechanism between UL and LL during cycling by investigating the mechanical output and the underlying muscle coordination using synergy analysis.

Methods
Twenty-five revolutions were analyzed for six non-experts’ participants during sub-maximal cycling with UL or LL. Crank torque and muscle activity of eleven muscles UL or LL were recorded. Muscle synergies were extracted using nonnegative matrix factorization (NNMF) and group- and subject-specific analysis were conducted.

Results
Four synergies were extracted for both UL and LL. UL muscle coordination was organized around several mechanical functions (pushing, downing, and pulling) with a proportion of propulsive torque almost 80% of the total revolution while LL muscle coordination was organized around a main function (pushing) during the first half of the cycling revolution. LL muscle coordination was robust between participants while UL presented higher interindividual variability.

Discussion
We showed that a same principle of muscle coordination exists for UL during cycling but with more complex mechanical implications. This study also brings further results suggesting each individual has unique muscle signature.
Relation between lymphocyte to monocyte ratio and survival in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Chen Zhonglan , Wang Ziqiong , Li Youping , Chen Xiaoping , He Sen 
Published: March 2022

Background
The lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) has been proposed as a novel prognostic factor in malignancies and cardiovascular diseases. Our study aimed to ascertain whether LMR is a useful biomarker in discriminating the hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) patients at higher risk of all-cause mortality.

Methods
This retrospective study consisted of 354 adult HCM patients. Cox’s proportional hazards regression models were used to analyze the association between LMR and all-cause mortality. Smooth curve fitting was conducted to explore the linear relationship between LMR and all-cause mortality.

Results
During the follow-up, 44 patients reached the study endpoint. The all-cause mortality rate was 7.3 per 100 person-years in the first tertile and decreased across the three tertiles of LMR. With the first tertile as reference, adjusted hazard ratios (HR) for all-cause mortality were 0.43 for the second tertile (95% CI [0.20–0.91], p = 0.027) and 0.39 for the third tertile (95% CI [0.17–0.90], p = 0.028), respectively. Smooth curve fitting exhibited a nonlinear relationship between LMR values and all-cause mortality. For LMR < 6.5, per SD increase resulted in a significantly decreased risk of all-cause mortality by 62% (HR: 0.38, 95% CI [0.21–0.68]). For LMR ≥ 6.5, the all-cause mortality risk did not progressively increase. Stratified and subgroup analyses revealed similar results to the main analyses,andE-value analysis suggested robustness to unmeasured confounding.

Conclusions
The study demonstrated that LMR was an independent predictor of all-cause mortality in HCM patients, and LMR may be useful for identifying HCM patients at high mortality risk.
Factors Influencing the Utilization of Contraceptives among Adolescents in the Tamale Metropolis, Ghana
Authors: Dubik Joshua Dindiok , Asumah Mubarick Nungbaso , Nachinab Gilbert Ti-enkawol , Gariba Ayishetu , Irene Adumbire Anoome , Christabel Adimazoya Lamisi , Abondomah Amoro Rosemary 
Published: March 2022

Background: Adolescents’ sexual and reproductive health is supreme to healthy living, and because the health of adolescents is important, it has compelled most countries across the globe to put up appropriate measures to meet their needs.
Aims: The main aim of the study was to assess the factors influencing the utilization of contraceptives among adolescents in the Tamale Metropolis, Ghana.
Methods: This study employed a community-based cross-sectional design. The study recruited 374 adolescents using the multi-stage sampling technique. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25. A p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: The majority (92.8%) of the adolescents have heard about contraceptives. Half of the respondents had sex before, with only 29.4% reported to have used contraceptives in the past. Only 30.7% of the respondents felt the service providers were friendly to them, the majority (60.2%) of the study participants felt that the health practitioners did not respect their privacy during their visit. Over half (51.1%) of the respondents were unsatisfied with the location where contraceptive services are rendered. The majority (82.9%) of the study participants cannot discuss contraceptives issues freely with their parents. The study established a significant association between usage of contraceptives and age (P<0.001), level of education (P<0.001), and marital status (P<0.001).
Conclusion: The majority of respondents were sexually active, although contraception use was low in comparison to the teens' high awareness level. Factors such as poor attitudes of health practitioners, poor accessibility and availability of contraceptives, and lack of parental concern have to be addressed by key stakeholders’ engagement to holistically address adolescents’ sexual and reproductive health concerns in the metropolis.
The Objective and Subjective Outcome of Bullectomy in Patients of Bullous Lung Disease: A Prospective Study
Authors: Syed Wahid , Ganai Feroze Mohammad , Ganai Farooq , Khan Mohd Yaqub , Ahmad Mir Mushtaq 
Published: March 2022

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the outcome of bullectomy in patients with bullous lung by comparative analysis of their preoperative and postoperative pulmonary function parameters and subjective dyspnea score.
Materials and Methods: The study included 42 cases of bullous lung disease, who underwent open or video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) bullectomy at our hospital from November 2019 till January 2022. All patients were subjected to set protocol which included preoperative comprehensive history and physical examination, chest X-ray, lung CT, and pulmonary function tests. Postoperative evaluation included 3 monthly follow-up for three visits, with clinical assessment for subjective dyspnea score and pulmonary function tests (PFTs). Preoperative and postoperative comparisons of parameters were made using the student’s paired t-test to calculate the statistical significance.
Results: Primary bullous lung disease was the most common underlying lung pathology in our population, followed by COPD. Spontaneous pneumothorax was the most common presenting feature, and the most patients presented in their fourth decade of life with a history of smoking.
All cases underwent VATS/open bullectomy. Most patients were discharged on the 4th postoperative day. Statistically, significant improvement was seen in mean FEV1 (forced expiratory volume in 1st second), FVC (forced vital capacity), and FEV1/FVC. FEV1 appeared to be the most reliable indicator of postoperative progress. The subjective dyspnea score improved in a statistically meaningful way. Diffuse parenchymal disease patients had a higher rate of complications. Our research found no evidence of mortality.
Conclusion: We conclude that surgery remains the standard treatment for bullous lung disease. Most of the patients who got benefitted are those having localized disease with remaining normal parenchyma. Statistically significant improvement in subjective and objective parameters is seen in all cases. Those with the diffuse emphysematous disease need careful selection given their high complication rate.
Zika Virus: Knowledge, Attitude and Preventive Practices of Medical Doctors in a Tertiary Health Institution in Northern Nigeria
Authors: Mansur Oche Oche , Adamu Habibullahi , Yahaya Musa , Garba Illo Hudu , Abdullahi Kontagora Zainab , Muhammad Dan Madami Abdulaziz , Wali Asmau 
Published: March 2022

Zika virus, is an emerging arbovirus transmitted to humans through infected female Aedes species mosquitoes such as A albopictus and A aegypti via blood transfusion, sexual activities and from mother to fetus. This study aimed at assessing the knowledge, attitude and preventive practices of medical doctors at the Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital Sokoto.
This was a cross-sectional descriptive study carried out amongst medical doctors at the Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto. A set of semi structured, self- administered questionnaire was used to obtain information on knowledge, attitude and preventive practices against ZIKV using a two stage sampling method. Data collected was entered into and analyzed using SPSS statistical software version 23. The data was analyzed and summarized using frequencies, percentages, mean and standard deviation (SD) and presented as tables and charts. The Fisher’s exact test was used to establish the association between socio-demographic variables and attitude and knowledge of Zika virus infection with p- value set at p < 0.05.
The research was approved by the Health Research Ethics committee of the teaching hospital.
Most of respondents in this study had good knowledge (87.5%), positive attitude (82.1%) and good practices of prevention of ZIKV (87.5%) respectively. There was a statistically significant association between attitude and knowledge of ZIKV as the respondents with positive attitude had good knowledge of the virus (p=0.002).
Our respondents who are physicians displayed a very good knowledge, attitude and practices towards the ZIKV infection. Physicians as front line health workers are at a greater risk of being infected with ZIKV, and this underscores the need for them to always adhere to laid down standard operating procedures and universal precautionary measures. These will go a long way in reducing the morbidity and mortality associated with this infection.
Comparative Study of Otitis Media and Its Antibiotics Susceptibility Pattern in a Cohort of HIV Positive and Negative Patients
Authors: Nwajiobi F. O. , Anyamene C. O. , Abana C. C. 
Published: March 2022

Aims: This study examined the comparative study of otitis media and its antibiotics susceptibility pattern in a cohort of HIV positive and negative patients.
Study Design: A survey and laboratory analytical method was employed in the study. While a survey research design was used to sample a total of 110 patients out of a total population of 561,066 living in the study area. Laboratory analyses of the samples collected from the patients were used to analyze the data collected.
Methodology: A total of 110 ear swabs were collected, 60 from HIV positive subjects and 50 from HIV negatives subjects with otitis media.
Results: From the analysis of the data collected, results showed that 52 (86.7) samples from HIV positive patients and 44 (88%) samples from HIV negative patients yielded bacteria growth. The most predominant isolates from middle ear of HIV positive was Staphylococcus aureus, with total occurrence of 22(42.4%), followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus pneumonia, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli with occurrence of 12(23%), 7(13.5%), 6(11.5%), 5(9.6%) respectively. The most predominant from HIV negative was Staphylococcus aureus, followed by Streptococcus pneumonia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Streptococcus pyogenes with occurrence of 16(36.4%), 10(22.7%), 8(18.2%), 6(13.6%), and 4(9.1%) respectively. The result of their antibiotics susceptibility test showed that all the bacteria isolates from both subjects were fully sensitive to fluoroquinolones, while a high level of resistance was seen with the use co-trimoxazole in HIV-positive subjects.
Conclusion: Bacteria isolates from HIV positive patients were highly resistant to co-trimoxazole as compared to isolates from HIV negative patients that were sensitive to co-trimoxazole. It was also noted in the result that the sensitivity pattern of otitis media to antibiotics differs from HIV positive and HIV negative patients, thus requiring different management approaches.
Role of Point of Care Ultrasound in Confirmation of Endotracheal Tube Placement in Children
Authors: Mohamed Fekry Roshdy , El-bahnasawy Mohamed Gamal , Hasan El-shafey Mohamed , Samy Sharaf Mohamed 
Published: March 2022

Background: In the emergency department (ED), During airway management, tracheal intubation (TI) is a routine procedure in neonatal and pediatric critical care units, as well as the delivery room. The location of the endotracheal tube (ETT) should be confirmed as soon as possible since tube malposition is linked to severe complications such as aspiration, air leak syndromes, and oesophageal intubation. In perioperative, emergency, and critical care settings, ultrasound (US) gives point-of-care dynamic images of the airway.
Objective: The goal of this study is to evaluate the results of utilizing Trans-tracheal POCUS to confirm ETT implantation with other confirmatory procedures including colorimetric capnography and direct viewing.
Methods: The study was done at Al-Azhar & Tanta University Emergency Hospital and was a prospective observational study. To locate the tube, we employed tracheal sonography and an ETCO2 analyzer for capnography. We evaluated the amount of time required and the accuracy of the findings.
Results: There were a total of 40 children that required emergency endotracheal intubation. Endotracheal ETT was found in 37 (92.5%) of the patients, while esophageal ETT was seen in three (7.5%) patients. The capnography was the standard for detecting the ETT placement correctly. In 97 percent of patients, ultrasound was able to identify all esophageal intubation and confirm the insertion of an endotracheal tube (ETT) with a sensitivity of 100 percent and a specificity of 97.5 percent. The clinical assessment had misunderstood 16.2 percent of tracheal intubations and 2 out of 3 esophageal intubations.
Conclusion: POCUS is considered an accurate method in endotracheal tube insertion confirmation, resulting in safe, fast, and reliable airway management approaches.
Assay of Bio Analytical Method for the Estimation of Avelumab and Axitinib Using UPLC and Its Application to Pharmacokinetic Studies
Authors: Prasanthi S. , Himabindu G. 
Published: March 2022

Aims: Bioanalytical methods for the estimation of Avelumab and Axitinib using UPLC have been validated and may be used in Pharmacokinetic investigations.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Engineering Chemistry, AUCE (A), Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, between September 2021 to February 2022.
Methodology: Using a C18 column (50x2.1 mm, 1.7 ) and an organic mobile phase containing 0.1 percent formic acid and Acetonitrile in a 70:30 ratio, this article provides an overview of recent advances in bioanalytical UPLC procedures.
Results: Avelumab and axitnib had linear calibration curves in the 5-100 ng/ml and 5-100 ng/ml ranges, respectively. Avelumab's precision and accuracy trial results were from 100.18 to 103.94, whereas Axitinib's were 99.39 to 100.81, according to the findings. The LQC and HQC of Avelumab and axitinib were 99.9 and 99.1 percent, respectively, in the matrix effect. There was a 0.67 and a 0.59 percent CV for the two medicines at the LQC and HQC levels respectively. In pharmacokinetic investigations, a simple and effective approach was created and used to observe the analyte of interest in bodily fluids.
Conclusion: It shows that the system's appropriateness, precision, linearity, and accuracy are all in accordance with USFDA criteria and may be used successfully for pharmacokinetic research in rabbits.
Transient refugees' social support, mental health, and physiological markers: Evidence from Serbian asylum centers
Authors: Jankovic‐Rankovic Jelena , Oka Rahul C. , Meyer Jerrold S. , Snodgrass J. Josh , Eick Geeta N. , Gettler Lee T. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectivesRefugees seeking safety across international borders are often exposed to a wide breadth of psychosocially stressful experiences that may fracture existing sources of social support and impair the generation of new social relationships, with implications for their long‐term health and resilience. Using data from recently settled refugees in two asylum centers in Serbia, we examined the associations between social support, mental health, and physiological markers.MethodsIn this mixed‐method study of refugees (age 18–50 years, n = 76), we collected key socio‐demographic information and conducted semi‐structured interviews about refugees' journey and stay in Serbia, trauma/loss, and their sources of social support. We also collected self‐reported measures of mental well‐being as well as physiological markers relevant to repeated exposure to chronic psychosocial stress (fingernail cortisol and dried blood spots for analysis of Epstein–Barr virus [EBV] antibody titers).ResultsWe found that refugees with longer journeys reported lower social support than those with shorter journeys. Refugees with lower social support reported poorer mental well‐being, greater PTSD‐related symptoms, and higher recent perceived stress than those with higher social support. We also observed that refugees with lower social support and higher recent stress, respectively, tended to exhibit higher fingernail cortisol levels. However, we did not observe comparable patterns linking EBV antibodies with psychosocial functioning.ConclusionOur cross‐sectional findings are consistent with the notion that social support is likely to be a critical component in effective interventions aimed at mitigating the adverse health effects of relocation‐related illnesses and poor social functioning as they await resettlement.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Tandem Cycloisomerization/Cross‐Coupling of Carbonyl‐ and Imine‐Tethered Alkylidenecyclopropanes
Authors: Verdugo Felipe , Rodiño Ricardo , Calvelo Martín , Mascareñas José Luis , López Fernando 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPd0 catalysts featuring phosphorus‐based monodentate ligands can detour the reactivity of carbonyl‐tethered alkylidenecyclopropanes (ACPs) from standard (3+2) cycloadditions towards tandem cycloisomerization/cross‐coupling processes. This new reactivity lies on the formation of key π‐allyl oxapalladacyclic intermediates, which are subsequently trapped with external nucleophilic partners, instead of undergoing canonical C−O reductive eliminations. Importantly, the use of imine‐tethered ACP's is also feasible. Therefore, the method provides a straightforward and stereoselective entry to a wide variety of highly functionalized cyclic alcohols and amines.
Surface‐Adaptive Capillarity Enabling Densified 3D Printing for Ultra‐High Areal and Volumetric Energy Density Supercapacitors
Authors: Li Xiaolong , Ling Shangwen , Cao Wanqiu , Zeng Li , Yuan Ruoxin , Zhang Chuhong 
Published: March 2022

AbstractEndowing supercapacitors with higher energy density is of great practical significance but remains extremely challenging. In this work, an innovative densified 3D printing enabled by a surface‐adaptive capillarity strategy is proposed for the first time. The printable ink formulated with pyrrole surface‐modified reduced graphene oxide renders the printed electrodes excellent surface tension regulability to the subsequent capillary densification, creating an intensely condensed electrode with well‐maintained structural integrity. Furthermore, simultaneous in situ nitrogen doping and hierarchical micro–meso porosity are readily realized upon post‐carbonization, encouraging enhanced capacitance and fast reaction dynamics. As a result, the printed symmetric supercapacitor delivers a double leap in areal and volumetric energy densities in both aqueous and organic electrolytes, a rarely achieved yet gravely desired attribute for 3D printed energy storage devices.
Dendrite Issues for Zinc Anodes in a Flexible Cell Configuration for Zinc‐Based Wearable Energy‐Storage Devices
Authors: Li Qing , Wang Donghong , Yan Boxun , Zhao Yuwei , Fan Jun , Zhi Chunyi 
Published: March 2022

AbstractA key application of aqueous rechargeable Zn‐based batteries (RZBs) is flexible and wearable energy storage devices (FESDs). Current studies and optimizations of Zn anodes have not considered the special flexible working modes needed. In this study, we present the Zn accumulation on the folded line and curve areas of flexible anodes. The correlation between the bending radius and the lifespan of symmetric cells is proposed. The interface contact of hydrogel electrolytes when working in a bending mode is another key factor affecting cell lifespan. After detailed analysis, the ideal cell configuration is shown to be hydrogel electrolytes with suitable chemistry, satisfactory mechanical properties, and high adhesivity. Thus a water in salt (WIS) hydrogel is proposed that demonstrates a highly stable cell performance. This work provides a new perspective in Zn anode research for the development of FESDs.