bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lineage diversity within a widespread endemic Australian skink to better inform conservation in response to regional‐scale disturbance
Authors: Dissanayake Duminda S. B. , Holleley Clare E. , Sumner Joanna , Melville Jane , Georges Arthur 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMuch attention is paid in conservation planning to the concept of a species, to ensure comparability across studies and regions when classifying taxa against criteria of endangerment and setting priorities for action. However, various jurisdictions now allow taxonomic ranks below the level of species and nontaxonomic intraspecific divisions to be factored into conservation planning—subspecies, key populations, evolutionarily significant units, or designatable units. Understanding patterns of genetic diversity and its distribution across the landscape is a key component in the identification of species boundaries and determination of substantial geographic structure within species. A total of 12,532 reliable polymorphic SNP loci were generated from 63 populations (286 individuals) covering the distribution of the Australian eastern three‐lined skink, Bassiana duperreyi, to assess genetic population structure in the form of diagnosable lineages and their distribution across the landscape, with particular reference to the recent catastrophic bushfires of eastern Australia. Five well‐supported diagnosable operational taxonomic units (OTUs) existed within B. duperreyi. Low levels of divergence of B. duperreyi between mainland Australia and Tasmania (no fixed allelic differences) support the notion of episodic exchange of alleles across Bass Strait (ca 60 m, 25 Kya) during periods of low sea level during the Upper Pleistocene rather than the much longer period of isolation (1.7 My) indicated by earlier studies using mitochondrial sequence variation. Our study provides foundational work for the detailed taxonomic re‐evaluation of this species complex and the need for biodiversity assessment to include an examination of cryptic species and/or cryptic diversity below the level of species. Such information on lineage diversity within species and its distribution in the context of disturbance at a regional scale can be factored into conservation planning regardless of whether a decision is made to formally diagnose new species taxonomically and nomenclaturally.
Type III procollagen peptide level can indicate liver dysfunction associated with volume overload in acute heart failure
Authors: Shirakabe Akihiro , Okazaki Hirotake , Matsushita Masato , Shibata Yusaku , Shigihara Shota , Nishigoori Suguru , Sawatani Tomofumi , Sasamoto Nozomi , Kiuchi Kazutaka , Atsukawa Masanori , Itokawa Norio , Arai Taeang , Kobayashi Nobuaki , Asai Kuniya 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAimThe role of serum type III procollagen peptide (P3P) level in the acute phase of acute heart failure (AHF) requires clarification. We hypothesized that serum P3P level is temporarily higher during the acute phase, reflecting liver dysfunction due to congestion.Methods and resultsA total of 800 AHF patients were screened, and data from 643 patients were analysed. Heart failure was diagnosed by the treating physician according to the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guidelines, and included patients being treated with high‐concentration oxygen inhalation (including mechanical support) for orthopnea, inotrope administration, or mechanical support for low blood pressure, and various types of diuretics for peripheral or pulmonary oedema. In all cases, diuretics or vasodilators were administered to treat AHF. The patients were divided into three groups according to their quartile (Q) serum P3P level: low‐P3P (Q1, P3P ≤ 0.6 U/mL), mid‐P3P (Q2/Q3, 0.6 < P3P <1.2 U/mL), and high‐P3P (Q4, P3P ≥ 1.2 U/mL). The plasma volume status (PVS) was calculated using the following formula: ([actual PV − ideal PV]/ideal PV) × 100 (%). The primary endpoint was 365 day mortality. A Kaplan–Meier curve analysis showed that prognoses, including all‐cause mortality and heart failure events within 365 days, were significantly (P < 0.001) worse in the high‐P3P group when compared with the mid‐P3P and low‐P3P groups. A multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that high PVS (Q4, odds ratio [OR]: 4.702, 95% CI: 2.012–20.989, P < 0.001), high fibrosis‐4 index (Q4, OR: 2.627, 95% CI: 1.311–5.261, P = 0.006), and low estimated glomerular filtration rate per 10 mL/min/1.73 m2 decrease (OR: 1.996, 95% CI: 1.718–2.326, P < 0.001) were associated with high P3P values. The Kaplan–Meier curve analysis demonstrated a significantly lower survival rate, as well as a higher rate of heart failure events, in the high‐P3P and high‐PVS groups when compared with the other groups. A multivariate Cox regression model identified high P3P level and high PVS as an independent predictor of 365 day all‐cause mortality (hazard ratio [HR]: 2.249; 95% CI: 1.081–3.356; P = 0.026) and heart failure events (HR: 1.586, 95% CI: 1.005–2.503, P = 0.048).ConclusionA high P3P level during the acute phase of AHF served as a comprehensive biomarker of liver dysfunction with volume overload (i.e. liver congestion) and renal dysfunction. A high P3P level at admission may be able to predict adverse outcomes in AHF patients.
Heteroleptic Dirhodium(II) Complexes with Redox‐Active Ferrocenyl Ligands: Synthesis, Electrochemical Properties, and Redox‐Responsive Chemoselectivity in Carbene C−H Insertion
Authors: Ruzhylo Illia , Sournia‐Saquet Alix , Moreau Alain , Delord Tom , Manoury Eric , Poli Rinaldo , Labande Agnès 
Published: March 2022

AbstractA series of original heteroleptic dirhodium(II) complexes (4 a–j) of formula [Rh2(OAc)3(L)], where L is a redox‐active ferrocenecarboxylate ligand, has been prepared. These dirhodium(II) complexes have been characterised by NMR, mass spectrometry and cyclic voltammetry. All complexes show a quasi‐reversible redox behaviour for the ferrocenyl unit. The latter can be selectively oxidised by [N(4‐C6H4Br)3]+BF4−. Four selected heteroleptic complexes 4 a, 4 b, 4 f and 4 i, have been evaluated as catalysts for the intramolecular decomposition of a diazo compound 5. The ratio between the aromatic substitution product 6 and the aliphatic C−H insertion product 7 increases (up to 19 % increase) when using the in situ generated oxidised form of the dirhodium(II) complexes (4 a+BF4− to 4 i+BF4−). This shows that the oxidation of the ferrocenecarboxylate ligand has an effect on the chemoselectivity of the dirhodium‐catalysed diazo decomposition, and thus that the electronic properties of a complex can be tuned without exchanging ligands.
Quinazolinone Alkaloid Febrifugine and Its Analogues To Control Phytopathogenic Diseases Caused by Oomycete Fungi
Authors: Fehr Marcus , Koch Andreas , Merget Benjamin , Winter Christian 
Published: March 2022

AbstractControlling phytopathogenic diseases caused by oomycete fungi is still a challenge in crop protection research. Studies on identifying new starting points to control phytopathogens revealed that the quinazolinone alkaloids febrifugine (1) and halofuginone (2) are efficiently inhibiting the growth of Phytophthora infestans in microtiter tests. However, despite the very good in vitro activity of 0.13 and 0.06 ppm in IC50, respectively, both compounds did not exhibit a good control of P. infestans on tomato plants. Creating a homology model of prolyl‐tRNA synthetase – the molecular target of halofuginone – helped to understand the interactions between 2 and the binding pocket and guided the synthesis of further derivatives. Ultimately, we found that deoxy‐febrifugine (14) and halofuginol (17) and its derivatives were able to control P. infestans also on the plant.
Versatile Synthesis of rac‐ and meso‐Hydroxymethyl Cyclohexenoids Containing Phenyl Groups: α‐/β‐Glucosidase Activities, Inhibition Kinetics and Molecular Docking Studies
Authors: Sevmezler Sedat , Çol Sümeyye , Emirik Mustafa , Ceylan Davut , Baran Arif 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe effective strategy has been developed to synthesize a series of monophenyl and diphenyl carbasugar analogues, from the cycloadduct reaction of furan and maleic anhydride, containing halogen groups based on the conduritol scaffold. The strategy mainly consists of reduction, esterification, bromination, formation of new double bond and replacement of bromine with phenyl by Suzuki coupling reaction. New phenyl‐substituted carbasugars were obtained by cleavage of the oxo bridge and subsequent hydrolysis of the esters. The structures of the target compounds were defined using different chemical methods. In vitro inhibitory activity studies, kinetic and molecular docking studies were performed against α‐, β‐glucosidase enzymes for the final compounds.
A spatiotemporal analysis of NO2 concentrations during the Italian 2020 COVID‐19 lockdown
Authors: Fioravanti Guido , Cameletti Michela , Martino Sara , Cattani Giorgio , Pisoni Enrico 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWhen a new environmental policy or a specific intervention is taken in order to improve air quality, it is paramount to assess and quantify—in space and time—the effectiveness of the adopted strategy. The lockdown measures taken worldwide in 2020 to reduce the spread of the SARS‐CoV‐2 virus can be envisioned as a policy intervention with an indirect effect on air quality. In this paper we propose a statistical spatiotemporal model as a tool for intervention analysis, able to take into account the effect of weather and other confounding factor, as well as the spatial and temporal correlation existing in the data. In particular, we focus here on the 2019/2020 relative change in nitrogen dioxide (NO) concentrations in the north of Italy, for the period of March and April during which the lockdown measure was in force. We found that during March and April 2020 most of the studied area is characterized by negative relative changes (median values around 25%), with the exception of the first week of March and the fourth week of April (median values around 5%). As these changes cannot be attributed to a weather effect, it is likely that they are a byproduct of the lockdown measures. There are two aspects of our research that are equally interesting. First, we provide a unique statistical perspective for calculating the relative change in the NO by jointly modeling pollutant concentrations time series. Second, as an output we provide a collection of weekly continuous maps, describing the spatial pattern of the NO 2019/2020 relative changes.
Programmed mechanisms of status epilepticus‐induced neuronal necrosis
Authors: Fujikawa Denson G. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractExcitotoxicity is the underlying mechanism for all acute neuronal injury, from cerebral ischemia, status epilepticus, traumatic CNS injury, and hypoglycemia. It causes morphological neuronal necrosis, and it triggers a programmed cell death program. Excessive calcium entry through the NMDA‐receptor‐operated cation channel activates two key enzymes—calpain I and neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS). Calpain I, a cytosolic enzyme, translocates to mitochondrial and lysosomal membranes, causing release of cytochrome c, endonuclease G, and apoptosis‐inducing factor (AIF) from mitochondria and DNase II and cathepsins B and D from lysosomes. These all translocate to neuronal nuclei, creating DNA damage, which activates poly(ADP) ribose polymerase‐1 (PARP‐1) to form excessive amounts of poly(ADP) ribose (PAR) polymers, which translocate to mitochondrial membranes, causing release of truncated AIF (tAIF). The free radicals that are released from mitochondria and peroxynitrite, formed from nitric oxide (NO) from nNOS catalysis of L‐arginine to L‐citrulline, damage mitochondrial and lysosomal membranes and DNA. The end result is the necrotic death of neurons. Another programmed necrotic pathway, necroptosis, occurs through a parallel pathway. As investigators of necroptosis do not recognize the excitotoxic pathway, it is unclear to what extent each contributes to programmed neuronal necrosis. We are studying the extent to which each contributes to acute neuronal necrosis and the extent of cross‐talk between these pathways.
Evaluation of annual performance for building‐integrated photovoltaics based on 2‐terminal perovskite/silicon tandem cells under realistic conditions
Authors: Nguyen Dong C. , Murata Fumihiro , Sato Kota , Hamada Masaya , Ishikawa Yasuaki 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe authors optimized the thickness of the layers in the 1.67‐eV‐bandgap‐perovskite sub‐cell of a 2‐terminal perovskite/silicon monolithic tandem solar cell under standard test conditions to get the current matching between the top and the bottom sub‐cells. Based on that optimized structure of the tandem cell, we characterized, calculated, and analyzed the annual output energy and the annual efficiency of the tandem cells on the facades and the rooftop of buildings under realistic conditions composed of module temperature, realistic illumination irradiance, and incident angle directly measured in Gifu, Japan in 2015. Consequently, the obtained annual output energy is 279.52, 238.89, 129.99, and 115.21 kWh/m2with the corresponding annual efficiency of 22.42%, 19.70%, 10.50%, and 9.19% for the tandem solar cells mounted on the rooftop, the south, east, and west facades of the buildings, respectively. Thus, the rooftop and the south face of the buildings are the preferred directions for the BIPV application to gain higher energy.
Numerical simulation of complex flow structures and pressure fluctuation at rotating stall conditions within a centrifugal pump
Authors: Alubokin Anthony A. , Gao Bo , Ning Zhang , Yan Longlong , Jiang Junxiang , Quaye Evans K. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractRotating stall contributes to global oscillation vibration problems, accompanied by noise and possible turbomachinery damage. This study with special emphasis on the vaned diffuser investigates the unsteady pressure interaction with the stall within the pump. A low specific speed centrifugal pump (ns = 69), fitted with a vaned diffuser is modeled and studied. The model pump performance curve shows the characteristic positive slope at 30% of the best efficiency point flow rate; 1.0 ΦΝ which is attributed to the stall phenomena. A finite volume method is employed with unsteady computations initialized utilizing shear stress transport k‐ω before proceeding with DDES. Pressure fluctuation and velocity magnitude normalized values are used to investigate the evolution of stall cell generation. The root mean square (RMS) values and normalized pressure (Cp) values are elicited to gain insight into pressure pulsation within the flow domain. The distinguished “starfish” shape is observed for monitor points md1 to md20, with the RMS trend decreasing with increasing flow rate from the pump shut off. Although in the vaned diffuser flow channel, an increase in pressure fluctuation along the flow channel toward the trailing edge is observed, the vaned diffuser channel shows a similar trend. The stall cell propagates at a speed of ΩRS = 0.078 at 0.2 ΦΝ, while at 0.1 ΦΝ propagates at a speed of ΩRS = 0.087; the stall speed tends to increase approaching pump shut off. Three distinguishable stall channels are observed from the flow structure for a five vaned diffuser; entering the stall, stalled, and stall recovery stages, within the flow channels.
Design of a targeted next‐generation DNA sequencing panel for pediatric T‐cell lymphoblastic lymphoma to unravel biology and optimize treatment
Authors: Ruether Charlotte , Wuensch Christian , Randau Gerrit , Michgehl Ulf , Trautmann Marcel , Hartmann Wolfgang , Sandmann Sarah , Dugas Martin , Khanam Tasneem , Burkhardt Birgit 
Published: March 2022

AbstractLow incidence and molecular heterogeneity of pediatric T‐cell lymphoblastic lymphoma (T‐LBL) require an international, large‐scale effort to identify novel clinical biomarkers. The ongoing international clinical trialLBL2018(NCT04043494) represents an ideal opportunity to implement a common analytic approach. Targeted next‐generation sequencing is well‐suited for this purpose; however, selection of relevant target genes for T‐LBL remains subject of ongoing debates. Our group has recently designed and evaluated a first target panel of 80 candidate genes for T‐LBL. The present study aimed at developing a novel optimized gene panel for large‐scale application and to promote an international agreement on a common core panel. Small sequence variants obtained from our former study were systematically analyzed and classified with regards to pathogenic relevance, to prioritize candidate genes. Additional genes were curated from literature and online databases for a more comprehensive analysis of relevant functions and signaling pathways. The new target panelTGP‐T‐LBLentails 84 candidate genes which are key actors in NOTCH, PI3K‐AKT, JAK–STAT, RAS signaling, epigenetic regulation, transcription, DNA repair, cell cycle regulation, and ribosomal function. From our former gene panel, 35 out of 80 candidate genes were selected for the novel panel. Forty‐six out of 84 genes are currently being analyzed in the ongoing international trial LBL2018. Exploratory analysis of prognostic relevance on mutation‐level suggested a potential association ofPIK3CAvariants c.1624G>A(p.Glu542Lys) and c.1633G>A(p.Glu545Lys) to occurrence of relapse, emphasizing particular relevance of mutation analysis in PI3K‐AKT signaling. Our approach promotes comprehensive and clinically relevant mutational profiling of pediatric T‐LBL.
Insect traces on Lower Gondwana plants of Ib River Basin, Odisha: First record from Late Permian sediments of India
Authors: Tripathy Geetika , Goswami Shreerup 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACTThe Ib River Basin, located in the south‐eastern part of the Son‐Mahanadi Master Basin, is renowned for its reserve of well‐diversified Lower Gondwana plant megafossils. The remains of Glossopteris flora collected from a Late Permian Gondwana (Lower Kamthi Formation) exposure, near Himgir Village, Ib River Basin, Odisha, has demonstrated a record of different types of insect traces. The structures are compatible with a variety of insect activities on fossil leaves. Different feeding traces such as leaf margin and surface feeding traces, cuspate margin feeding traces, obliterated surfaces and blotch marks are found in the Glossopteris leaves. Egg pouches found along the midrib and on the lamina in the Glossopteris leaves are the traces of egg‐laying. The various traces of insect activities recorded in the present investigation reveal the survival of a diverse insect fauna during the Late Permian Glossopteris flora of India. It is the first report of its kind in the Mahanadi Gondwana Master Basin of India, and also it is the first record of insect traces in the Late Permian sediments of India.
3D multi‐resolution attention capsule network for diagnosing multi‐pathological types of pulmonary nodules
Authors: Zhang Zhili , Xiao Taohui , Fu Yu , Gao Yuqiang , Ren Meirong , Cui Wentao , Dong Enqing 
Published: March 2022

AbstractTo achieve effective diagnosis of multi‐pathological types on pulmonary nodules, a three‐dimensional (3D) multi‐resolution attention (MRA) capsule network (3D MRA‐CapsNet‐DL) was proposed by using a self‐constructed lung CT image dataset. In the construction of 3D MRA‐CapsNet‐DL, an improved dynamic routing algorithm (DRA) with limiting the update increment (called DL) was first designed to solve the inactivation problem of a large number of vector neurons. Then, MRA was used to build three kinds of multi‐path 3D MRA‐CapsNet‐DL for multi‐pathological classification. Besides, we also investigated whether the interpolation perturbation introduced by multi‐resolution methods will affect the classification performance. Experiments showed that the proposed 3D MRA‐CapsNet‐DL can achieve a better classification (79.27% ACC and 0.9056 AUC) effect than classical convolutional neural networks (CNNs), and the interpolation disturbance has favorable and unfavorable effects on the classification performance of multi‐path and single‐path models, respectively.
DeepKla: An attention mechanism‐based deep neural network for protein lysine lactylation site prediction
Authors: Lv Hao , Dao Fu‐Ying , Lin Hao 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAs a newly discovered protein posttranslational modification, lysine lactylation (Kla) plays a pivotal role in various cellular processes. High throughput mass spectrometry is the primary approach for the detection of Kla sites. However, experimental approaches for identifying Kla sites are often time‐consuming and labor‐intensive when compared to computational methods. Therefore, it is desirable to develop a powerful tool for identifying Kla sites. For this purpose, we presented the first computational framework termed as DeepKla for Kla sites prediction in rice by combining supervised embedding layer, convolutional neural network, bidirectional gated recurrent units, and attention mechanism layer. Comprehensive experiment results demonstrated the excellent predictive power and robustness of DeepKla. Based on the proposed model, a web‐server called DeepKla was established and is freely accessible at http://lin-group.cn/server/DeepKla. The source code of DeepKla is freely available at the repository https://github.com/linDing-group/DeepKla.
Toward understanding the genetic bases underlying plant‐mediated “cry for help” to the microbiota
Authors: Wang Zhenghong , Song Yi 
Published: March 2022

AbstractCanonical plant stress biology research has focused mainly on the dynamic regulation of internal genetic pathways in stress responses. Increasingly more studies suggest that plant‐mediated timely reshaping of the microbiota could also confer benefits in responding to certain biotic and abiotic stresses. This has led to the “cry for help” hypothesis, which is supported by the identification of plant genetic regulators integrating biotic/abiotic stress signaling and microbiota sculpting. Although diverse genetic mutants have been reported to affect microbiota composition, it has been challenging to confirm the causal link between specific microbiota changes and plant phenotypic outputs (e.g., fitness benefits) due to the complexity of microbial community composition. This limits the understanding of the relevance of plant‐mediated microbiota changes. We reviewed the genetic bases of host‐mediated reshaping of beneficial microbiota in response to biotic and abiotic stresses, and summarized the practical approaches linking microbiota changes and “functional outputs” in plants. Further understanding of the key regulators and pathways governing the assembly of stress‐alleviating microbiota would benefit the design of crops that could dynamically enlist beneficial microbiota under conditions of stress.