bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Frequency-based Hilbert emotional feature space for emotion detection using machine learning
Authors: Rakesh Raveena Arasikere , Suthaharan Shan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Human emotions are high-dimensional and heterogeneous. It is very challenging to study and develop efficient machine learning techniques under these conditions. We define an emotion as a high-dimensional feature vector and treat its features as observations that are drawn from a low-dimensional Hilbert space. We also project every emotional feature vector onto a frequency domain and capture their directional frequencies. Our approach extracts the origins of their spatial frequencies using circularly-connected frequencies in the frequency domain, and constructs a Hilbert emotional feature space (HEFS). We validate the intrinsic features in the proposed HEFS using the classification performance of random forest (RF) classifiers as a quantitative measure. We also use precision scores, confusion matrices, and receiver operating characteristic curves to quantify the classification performance and validate the significance of the modeled frequencies. Our finding is that human emotions can be detected with high-performance scores of RF using the proposed feature vectors.
Determination of Natural Radioactivity Levels and Radiation Hazards from the Soil of Tin Mining in Kyerwa District, Tanzania
Authors: Gurisha Mikidadi S. , Makoba Atumain A. , Banzi Firmi P. , Kiyengo Hellen E. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The activity concentrations of natural radionuclides 238U, 232Th and 40K in soil samples from the Tin mining in Kyerwa District were measured by gamma spectrometry using Sodium Iodide detector. The results showed that, the mean activity concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K were 90.68, 65.45 and 630.95Bq/kg, respectively. All the activity concentrations in the studied samples were higher than the world average values of 32Bq/kg for 226Ra, 45Bq/kg for 232Th and 420Bq/kg for 40K. Radiological hazard assessments due to these natural radionuclides were carried out. The radium equivalent activity (Raeq), external hazard index (Hex), internal hazard index (Hin) and radioactivity level Index (Iγ) were calculated to assess the radiological hazards due to presence of natural radionuclides in the soil samples. The results showed that the mean values of Raeq, Hex, Hin and Iγ were 230.6, 0.628, 0.861 and 0.831Bq/kg, respectively. These values were lower than the world criteria values 370 for Raeq, ≤ 1 for Hex, ≤ 1 for Hin and ≤ 1 for Iγ respectively. Absorbed Dose Rate in Air (DR), Annual Effective Dose Equivalent (AEDE) and Annual gonadal equivalent dose (AGED) were also estimated for the mining areas in Kyerwa. The results showed that the mean values for DR, AEDE and AGED were 106.8nGy/h, 1.07mSv/y, and 744.4µSvy-1 respectively. The mean values were higher than those of the worldwide average which are 57 nGyh− 1 for DR, 0.07mSv/y for AEDE and 2984µSvy-1 for AGED. Therefore, mining activities in Kyerwa District can poses radiological hazard to the mining community. In this study therefore, we recommend performing periodical inspection at the mining areas, monitoring of the mining workers and the level of activity concentrations of different radionuclides in the mining area.
Global analysis of nonlinear second-mode development in a Mach-6 boundary layer from high-speed schlieren data
Authors: Sousa Cole E. , Kennedy Richard E. , King Rudolph A. , Bathel Brett F. , Weisberger Joshua M. , Laurence Stuart J. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The second-mode instability on a 7◦ half-angle sharp cone at Mach 6 is analyzed using high-speed calibrated schlieren imagery at a frame rate near the expected fundamental frequency. Experiments were conducted in the NASA Langley 20-Inch Mach 6 facility at unit Reynolds numbers between 6.56×106 and 9.71×106 m−1. Time-resolved pixel intensity signals throughout the boundary layer are reconstructed using spatially available data in the schlieren images to recover an effective sampling rate of over 10 MHz; these are then converted to quantitative density gradients using a thin-lens-based calibration technique. A global analysis is performed on the schlieren data to investigate the nonlinear growth of the second-mode fundamental and harmonic content. Pointwise measures of the autobicoherence are used to identify specific triadic interactions and the locations of their highest levels of quadratic phase coupling. Significant resonance interactions between the second-mode fundamental and harmonic instabilities were found along with interactions between these and the mean flow. Bispectral mode decomposition is employed to educe the flow structures associated with these interactions. A similar analysis is performed for the power spectrum, with power spectral densities computed for each pixel’s time-series and spectral proper orthogonal decomposition employed to derive the modal structure and energy of the flow at specific frequencies. Comparisons between the bispectral quantities and second-mode power show that nonlinear interactions, particularly resonance interactions, are closely correlated with spatiotemporal modulation of disturbances during the nonlinear stage of transition.
Synthesis and characterization of polyurethane rigid foam by using feedstocks received from renewable and recyclable resources
Authors: Sarim Muntajab , Alavi Mir Mohammad , Dargah Maryam 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The mimicry reactions used in the industrial field based on pure materials to obtain products is very important in order to achieve a circular economy and a green environment. This time around, the idea is that all raw materials are wastes. In addition to synthesizing biodiesel, this study aims to synthesize polyurethane rigid foams from recyclable materials such as liquid wastes and solid plastic wastes. The study follows preparation of a new class of biopolyols by reacting a mixture of crude glycerin-based polyol and epoxidized used cooking oil with polyethylene terephthalate, polyurethane, and bisphenol-polycarbonate wastes. Then, fabrication of polyurethane rigid foams by blending synthesized biopolyols with commercial polyol at ratios 20%, 40%, and 60% occurs. The properties of biopolyols and fabricated rigid foams was investigated by nuclear magnetic resonance, infrared spectrometer, thermal gravimetric analyzer, scanning electron microscope, and dynamic mechanical thermal analyzer. The results show that the biopolyols are valuable products for polyurethane manufactures. Moreover, the fabricated rigid foams show nonsignificant changes at the commercial and industrial level.
Early temporary mechanical circulatory support for cardiogenic shock: an emulated target trial analysis based on a prospective cohort
Authors: Ughetto Aurore , Eliet Jacob , Nagot Nicolas , David Hélène , Bazalgette Florian , Marin Grégory , Kollen Sébastien , Mourad Marc , Zeroual Norddine , Muller Laurent , Gaudard Philippe , Colson Pascal 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background: Encouraging results in several series of patients on refractory cardiogenic shock (CS) led to the consideration of including temporary mechanical circulatory support (TMCS) in the guidelines for CS management. Benefit on survival might be improved when TMCS devices are initiated early. This study assessed early TMCS for CS in the real-world condition of a cardiac assistance regional network.
Methods: We examined the clinical features and outcomes of patients treated with TMCS, using data from a prospective cohort of patients admitted for CS in a cardiac assistance regional network. Patients were eligible when CS included systolic blood pressure (SBP) <90 mmHg despite adequate filling pressure or need of catecholamine to maintain SPB>90 mmHg, signs of congestion or tissue hypo-perfusion or blood lactate >2mmol/L. TMCS indication, veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) or percutaneous left ventricle assistance (Impella) was based on the initial severity of CS or if shock was refractory to medical treatment. To estimate the effect of early TMCS on mortality, we emulated a target trial of TMCS implantation versus no TMCS within 24 hours of ICU admission. Patients were followed until hospital discharge, death, or 180 days. Inverse probability of treatment weighting with propensity score was used to adjust for confounders.
Results: Among 372 patients, 246 were included in the study: 121 treated by early TMCS (TMCS group) and 125 not treated by early TMCS (controls). Median age was 59.5 years, 71.9% were male, and the main etiologies were acute myocardial infraction (MI) (46.8%) and decompensated heart failure (27.2%). Crude in-hospital mortality was 38% (46/121) in the TMCS group and 22.4% (28/125) in the control group. After emulation, in-hospital mortality was not different between the TMCS group and the control group (HR=0.91, 95%CI:0.65-1.26). In sub-group analyses, in-hospital mortality was not different among patients with MI (HR=0.82, 95%CI:0.52-1.32), with other etiology than MI (HR=1.19, 95%CI:0.70-2.04), and with VA-ECMO only (HR=0.87, 95%CI:0.62-1.22). TMCS patients had two-fold longer hospital stays, and a higher rate of complications than controls.
Conclusion: In this emulated target trial from real-world data, patients with CS treated with early TMCS had no improvement in survival compared to controls.
Trial registration number: NCT03528291, registered trials May 18, 2017
Determinants of Household Food Security Resilience: Lessons from Rwanda
Authors: Bolarinwa Olufemi Daniel , Ogundari Kolawole , Aromolaran Adebayo B. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This study contributes to the emerging literature on household food security resilience by harmonizing food security indicators which capture different dimensions of food security, to compute a household food security resilience index that simultaneously reflects different dimensions of food security status. The estimated Poisson model had characteristics of the household, household head, sources of income, asset asset-related variables and other intuitive variables that could affect household food security resilience. Noteworthy in the results are the positive effect of income diversification, household savings, employment of household heads in the non-agricultural sector, gender, job stability, and education on household food security resilience. On the other hand, household size, dependent ratio, household head living away from the family, and being a seasonal worker or a daily paid worker are some variables that negatively impact household food security resilience. Although the negative coefficient of the income-generating sources of household food security resilience seems counterintuitive, this result shows that increase in the number of household businesses could impose time and resource constraints that could ultimately affect the food and nutritional security of the household over time.
A Novel Pythagorean Fuzzy Data Envelopment Analysis Model: An Assessment of Indian Public Sector Banks
Authors: Sahil Mohammad Aqil , Kaushal Meenakshi , Lohani Q.M. Danish 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Fuzzy data envelopment analysis (FDEA) is an efficient modeling technique to rank decision-making units (DMUs) with imprecise inputs/outputs. It is a linear programming problem that constructs an optimal frontier line, known as an efficient frontier. The role of the efficient frontier is to distinguish between the efficient DMUs with inefficient DMUs such that all efficient DMUs lie on the frontier line. Whereas the inefficient DMUs are enveloped by the frontier line. This optimization problem aims to improve the efficiency score of each inefficient DMU, that is, to move them to the efficient frontier. In this study, we propose a novel approach called the Pythagorean approach, which is both input and output oriented. The proposed approach is implemented in the CCR model, and a new version of the BCC model is introduced, namely a novel Pythagorean BCC model. The deterministic form of the Pythagorean BCC model is extended to a fuzzy environment to deal with the vagueness of the given dataset. In the paper, a new form of a non-linear fuzzy number, namely a sine-shaped fuzzy number, has been introduced to display the higher order of uncertainty. Consequently, the Pythagorean BCC model is further extended to a novel Pythagorean fuzzy BCC model. The model's efficacy is finally tested in the Indian public sector banks.
Exploring the link between self-management of migraine and emotional wellbeing. A cross-sectional online survey of community- dwelling migraine sufferers
Authors: Filzmoser Nicola , Webber Iman , Kerr Gabrielle , Alaa Aos , Asmar Marie Iine El , Karki Manisha , Sasco Eva Riboli , El-Osta Austen 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
An estimated 15.9% of adults live with migraine disease which impacts their physical, emotional and social wellbeing. To target the disease comprehensively, research recommends a multidisciplinary approach to migraine management. Yet, at present, migraine management primarily centres around pharmaceutical treatments. The aim of this study was to investigate the extent that emotional awareness could influence the uptake of self-care behaviours of community-dwelling adults with migraine.
Methods
A cross-sectional online survey explored personal experiences with migraine disease, and strategies or behaviours to manage migraine attacks. We surveyed 170 young adults with migraine in community settings in the United Kingdom, Austria, Germany and the United States. Chi-squared tests were used to investigate differences in ratings of migraine prevention and management strategies between users and non-users of the strategies. Univariable logistic regressions were used to assess the effectiveness of self-care behaviours to manage or prevent migraine attacks.
Results
Most (85%) respondents had experienced migraine for over five years, where 42% of attacks usually lasted several days. The most common diagnoses in the cohort were migraine without aura (38.9%) and migraine with aura (29%). Staying hydrated was the most popular preventative strategy (87%), 70.2% used prescription medication and 64.9% changed their diet and/or supplements. Nearly all respondents stated that their mood or emotions could trigger their migraine attacks. Keeping a headache or mood diary was the lowest-rated prevention strategy and was rated as "probably ineffective" or causing "no change" in preventing migraine attacks. Over a third (39.7%) kept track of their physical wellbeing and symptoms to identify triggers (65.8%), show reports to a healthcare professional (59.6%), understand when they must take medication (48.1%), track improvements (67.3%) or deteriorations (67.3%).
Conclusions
Migraine management is dominated by pharmaceutical management for acute pain attacks and lifestyle changes for managing migraine long-term. Perception of the effectiveness of those techniques is high, whereas perception of interventions that target the emotional or psychological components of chronic pain management (keeping a mood diary, and mental health support) is mixed. There exists a gap between the recommended bio-psycho-social approach and the current state of migraine management.
Differences in the functional connectivity of large-scale brain networks between young adults with subclinical attention-deficit/hyperactivity and autistic traits
Authors: Hirata Risa , Yoshimura Sayaka , Kobayashi Key , Aki Morio , Shibata Mami , Ueno Tsukasa , Miyagi Takashi , Oishi Naoya , Murai Toshiya , Fujiwara Hironobu 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Attentional impairments are associated with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Previous evidence suggests both commonalities and differences in the nature of attention deficits between these disorders. This study aimed to investigate the neural correlates of ADHD and ASD traits in healthy individuals, focusing on the functional connectivity (FC) of the large-scale brain networks (LSBN) subserving attentional functions.
Methods
The participants were 61 healthy individuals (30 males; age, 21.9 ± 1.9 years). The Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS) and Autism-Spectrum Quotient (AQ) were administered as indicators of ADHD and ASD traits, respectively. Performance in the continuous performance test (CPT) was used as a behavioural measure of sustained attentional function. Functional magnetic resonance imaging scans were performed during the resting state (Rest) and during the auditory oddball task (Odd). Regions of interest (ROI)-to-ROI analyses (FDR < 0.05) were performed to examine the relationship between FCs and psychological measures. The networks of interest were the default mode (DMN), frontal-parietal (FPN), and salience (SN) networks, as these are critical for cognitive processing (including attentional processing).
Results
ASRS scores, but not the AQ scores, were correlated with less frequent commission errors and shorter reaction times in the CPT. During Odd, ASRS and AQ scores were positively correlated with FC values within the DMN and FPN, respectively. The ASRS and AQ scores were positively and negatively correlated with FC values between the FPN and SN, respectively. During Rest, AQ scores were negatively and positively correlated with FC values within the SN and those between the DMN and SN, respectively.
Limitations:
Our sample size was relatively low, we used only the CPT to assess attentional function, and we did not examine continuity from subclinical to clinical individuals in their neural substrates.
Conclusions
A better performance in the CPT by individuals with subclinical ADHD traits suggests the positive effects of these traits on sustained attention. Differential associations between LSBN FCs and ASD/ADHD traits indicate different mechanisms of attentional processing in individuals with subclinical ADHD or ASD traits. This corroborates the notion of differences in sustained and selective attention between clinical ADHD and ASD.
Potential spatial distributions of Tibetan antelope and protected areas on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, China
Authors: Hu Huawei , Wei Yanqiang , Wang Wenying , Chen Zhenning 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Climate change has been regarded as a major factor affecting the geographic distribution of many endemic rare species on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Tibetan antelope, an endemic rare wildlife, is identified as a national first-class protected wild animal in China. To explore the impacts of human activities and climate change on the spatial distribution pattern of Tibetan antelope, the MaxEnt model was used to simulate the potential distribution of Tibetan antelope under four Shared Socio-economic Pathways in 2050s and 2070s and combined the modelling results of the main forage plants considering the food chains. The results showed that the environment indicators, e.g., elevation, mean temperature of wettest quarter, slope, mean temperature of warmest quarter, landcover, max temperature of warmest month, precipitation of driest month, Stipa capillata, Oxytropis ochrocephala, human influence index, were the main factors controlling the distribution of Tibetan antelope. The potential distributions of Tibetan antelope and their 10 forage plants were significantly different under future climate scenarios such as expanding, contracting and shifting. The mean elevation of suitable habitats for Tibetan antelope all increased under the four future scenarios compared with current value. There were protection gaps for Tibetan antelope. Considering the long-distance migration, the integrity of the ecosystem including Qiangtang National Nature Reserve, Altun National Nature Reserve, and Kekexili National Nature Reserve would be established for Tibetan antelope. Our findings will provide important references for the protection and investigation of Tibetan antelope.
Evaluation of urine for Dirofilaria immitis antigen detection in dogs
Authors: Brown Andrew C. , Saleh Meriam N. , Fudge J. Mack , Nabity Mary B. , Verocai Guilherme G. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackground Infection by the canine heartworm,Dirofilaria immitis, causes a potentially fatal, multisystemic disease in dogs. Diagnosis ofD. immitisrelies on serologic antigen detection coupled with microfilariae identification. It has been shown that immune-complex dissociation (ICD) of serum/plasma by heat treatment increases detection of infection, especially in dogs from endemic areas and with inconsistent use of heartworm prevention. The aim of this study was to assess the use of urine for heartworm antigen detection in dogs using a commercial ELISA (DiroCHEK®). Methods Matching serum/plasma and urine of 29 experimentally infected dogs at different time points post-infection were tested to assess the feasibility of antigen detection in urine. Matching serum and urine samples of 267 dogs admitted to a spay/neuter clinic with unknown infection status were also evaluated for antigen detection. Results In the experimental samples, antigenemia was detected in 86.2% and 90.9% of samples pre- and post-ICD, respectively, while antigenuria was detected in 75.9% and 72.4% of samples pre- and post-ICD, respectively. In the clinic samples, antigenemia was detected in 7.9% of dogs pre-ICD and 12.4% post-ICD, while antigenuria was detected in 11.6% and 6.4% of dogs pre- and post-ICD, respectively. In experimental samples, sensitivity (SEN), specificity (SPE), and positive predictive value (PPV) of antigenuria were high (85%, 100%, 100%, respectively). In clinic samples, SPE and negative predictive value (NPV) were high (95% and 92%, respectively). In contrast, NPV in experimental samples (40%), and SEN and PPV in clinic samples (58% and 61%, respectively) were low. Overall kappa agreement between antigenemia and antigenuria was fair to moderate. Conclusion These data suggest that urine might be a useful and less invasive biofluid for heartworm antigen detection in dogs.
Detection of complex nitrogen-bearing molecule ethyl cyanide towards the hot molecular core G10.47+0.03
Authors: Manna Arijit , Pal Sabyasachi 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The studies of the complex molecular lines towards the hot molecular cores at millimeter and submillimeter wavelengths provide instructive knowledge about the chemical complexity in the interstellar medium (ISM). We presented the detection of the rotational emission lines of the complex nitrogen-bearing molecule ethyl cyanide(C2H5CN) towards the hot molecular core G10.47+0.03 using the Atacama Large Millimeter/Submillimeter Array (ALMA) band 4 observations. The estimated column density of C2H5CN towards the G10.47+0.03 was 7.7 (±0.5)×1016 cm−2 with a high rotational temperature of 352.9±66.8 K. The estimated fractional abundance of C2H5CN with respect to H2 towards the G10.47+0.03 was 5.70×10−9. We observed that the estimated fractional abundance of C2H5CN is similar to the simulated abundance of C2H5CN which was predicted by the three-phase warm-up model from Garrod (2013). We also discuss the possible formation mechanism of C2H5CN towards the hot molecular cores and we claim the barrierless and exothermic radical-radical reaction between CH2 and CH2CN is responsible for the production of low abundant C2H5CN (∼10−9) in the grain surface of the G10.47+0.03.
The Mustang Diaries: A Study of Mexico in Red Dead Redemption 1
Authors: Aldape Javier 
Published: December 2022

Can a form of play be used to portray the past in popular culture? Can a person engage in such an act and acquire agency of a particular time in history? Play constitutes many forms—but for the sake of this paper, it will be used in the context of video games. Using the two main schools of thought for the study of these, narratology and ludology, I intend to highlight the potential for games to not only recreate history but also interact with events and how they can provide new ways of understanding history. I will focus mainly on the Mexican Revolution and the U.S.-Mexico border relations in Rockstar’s epic western: Red Dead Redemption 1.