bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vegetation cover and seasonality as indicators for selection of forage resources by local agro-pastoralists in the Brazilian semiarid region
Authors: da Cunha Sonaly Silva , Ramos Maiara Bezerra , de Almeida Humberto Araújo , Maciel Maria Gracielle Rodrigues , de Souza Stefanny Martins , Pedrosa Kamila Marques , de Faria Lopes Sérgio 
Published: September 2022

AbstractLocal knowledge and uses of forage resources are highly dynamic, and can be mediated by multiple factors, such as seasonality, floristic diversity and the morphophysiological characteristics of plants. We investigate how seasonality and vegetation cover mediate the use of forage resources. The study was carried out with agro-pastoralists from two areas of Brazilian semiarid region. To select the areas, we used the normalized difference vegetation index. We selected one area with low vegetation cover (Area I) and another with high vegetation cover (Area II). Respondents were selected using the snowball technique. Using semi-structured interviews, we collect the information about forage use in the dry and rainy seasons, preferences of ruminants and specific characteristics of plant species. A total of 57 informants were interviewed in the two areas. We used the Chi-square test to assess differences in the richness of species cited between areas, seasons (dry/rainy), origins (exotic/native) and strate (herbaceous/woody). Our results revealed that agro-pastoralists living in the area with the highest vegetation cover (Area II) cited a greater number of species. We found that the use and selection of species is guided by a series of functional characters, related to palatability and nutritional value, which change between seasons. These results highlight the vast knowledge of ecological characteristics of species and diet of ruminants acquired by agro-pastoralists during field experience, with seasonality defining the use of species. Different from what we expected, the richness of exotic species mentioned did not differ between areas. This diversity of information contributes to a better understanding of the use of forage resources and indicates the importance of including local experiences as strategies to ensure proper use and provide insights for the conservation of local resources.
A resource for integrated genomic analysis of the human liver
Authors: Zhou Yi-Hui , Gallins Paul J. , Etheridge Amy S. , Jima Dereje , Scholl Elizabeth , Wright Fred A. , Innocenti Federico 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this study, we generated whole-transcriptome RNA-Seq from n = 192 genotyped liver samples and used these data with existing data from the GTEx Project (RNA-Seq) and previous liver eQTL (microarray) studies to create an enhanced transcriptomic sequence resource in the human liver. Analyses of genotype-expression associations show pronounced enrichment of associations with genes of drug response. The associations are primarily consistent across the two RNA-Seq datasets, with some modest variation, indicating the importance of obtaining multiple datasets to produce a robust resource. We further used an empirical Bayesian model to compare eQTL patterns in liver and an additional 20 GTEx tissues, finding that MHC genes, and especially class II genes, are enriched for liver-specific eQTL patterns. To illustrate the utility of the resource to augment GWAS analysis with small sample sizes, we developed a novel meta-analysis technique to combine several liver eQTL data sources. We also illustrate its application using a transcriptome-enhanced re-analysis of a study of neutropenia in pancreatic cancer patients. The associations of genotype with liver expression, including splice variation and its genetic associations, are made available in a searchable genome browser.
Genetic variants in miR-145 gene are associated with the risk of asthma in Taiwan
Authors: Wang Shou-Cheng , Tsai Chia-Wen , Chang Wen-Shin , Hsia Ning-Yi , Mong Mei-Chin , Wang Yun-Chi , Hsia Te-Chun , Gu Jian , Bau Da-Tian 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAsthma is a chronic airway inflammation disease and the diagnosis and treatment strategies remain difficult. MicroRNAs play important roles in many biological and pathological processes including asthma development. There is no study confirming the contribution of genetic variants in miR-145 to asthma etiology. We hypothesize that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the promoter region of miR-145 may be associated with the risk of asthma in Taiwanese. We used a case–control study to test this hypothesis. In 198 asthma patients and 453 healthy controls, the genotypes of miR-145 rs4705342 and rs4705343 were determined, and the associations of miR-145 genotypes with asthma risk and severity were evaluated. The distribution of miR-145 rs4705342 genotypes between asthma patients and non-asthmatic control groups were significantly different (p = 0.0187). In multivariable logistic regression analysis, compared with the wild-type TT genotype, individuals carrying the variant genotypes had progressively decreased risks of asthma: the odds ratio (OR) for the heterogeneous variant genotype (CT) and homozygous variant genotype (CC) was 0.77 (95% CI 0.55–1.10, p = 0.1788) and 0.41 (95% CI 0.21–0.79, p = 0.0102), respectively (p for trend = 0.0187). In allelic test, the C allele was associated with a 31% reduced risk of asthma (OR = 0.69, 95% CI 0.53–0.90, p = 0.0070). In addition, the rs4705342 variant genotypes were correlated with the symptom severity (p = 3 × 10–5). Furthermore, the variant genotypes correlated with lower miR-145-5p expression level in serum (p = 0.0001). As for rs4705343, there was no differential distribution of genotypes between cases and controls. Our data provide evidence for miR-145 rs4705342 to serve as a novel biomarker for asthma risk prediction.
Devitalizing noise-driven instability of entangling logic in silicon devices with bias controls
Authors: Ryu Hoon , Kang Ji-Hoon 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe quality of quantum bits (qubits) in silicon is highly vulnerable to charge noise that is omnipresent in semiconductor devices and is in principle hard to be suppressed. For a realistically sized quantum dot system based on a silicon-germanium heterostructure whose confinement is manipulated with electrical biases imposed on top electrodes, we computationally explore the noise-robustness of 2-qubit entangling operations with a focus on the controlled-X (CNOT) logic that is essential for designs of gate-based universal quantum logic circuits. With device simulations based on the physics of bulk semiconductors augmented with electronic structure calculations, we not only quantify the degradation in fidelity of single-step CNOT operations with respect to the strength of charge noise, but also discuss a strategy of device engineering that can significantly enhance noise-robustness of CNOT operations with almost no sacrifice of speed compared to the single-step case. Details of device designs and controls that this work presents can establish practical guideline for potential efforts to secure silicon-based quantum processors using an electrode-driven quantum dot platform.
Carbon dioxide-enhanced metal release from kerogen
Authors: Ho Tuan A. , Wang Yifeng 
Published: September 2022

AbstractHeavy metals released from kerogen to produced water during oil/gas extraction have caused major enviromental concerns. To curtail water usage and production in an operation and to use the same process for carbon sequestration, supercritical CO2 (scCO2) has been suggested as a fracking fluid or an oil/gas recovery agent. It has been shown previously that injection of scCO2 into a reservoir may cause several chemical and physical changes to the reservoir properties including pore surface wettability, gas sorption capacity, and transport properties. Using molecular dynamics simulations, we here demonstrate that injection of scCO2 might lead to desorption of physically adsorbed metals from kerogen structures. This process on one hand may impact the quality of produced water. On the other hand, it may enhance metal recovery if this process is used for in-situ extraction of critical metals from shale or other organic carbon-rich formations such as coal.
Application of PLC and HMI in the CO2 transcritical refrigeration experimental platform
Authors: Gao Jianye , Wang Jinfeng , Xie Jing 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe paper adopted SIMATIC PLC as the control center and cooperates with SIMATIC KTP900 basic touch screen and GRM533YW-C IOT module to design a CO2 transcritical refrigeration experiment platform (EXP). The EXP acquired analog signals from sensors through PLC expansion modules. The PLC communicated with the touch screen and the IoT module through PROFINET to achieve data interaction. In the EXP, the touch screen and the remote devices had separate control interfaces, both of which can perform system control and real-time data display. The control strategy and abnormal alarm of CO2 transcritical refrigeration system was accomplished in PLC. In the cooling experiment, the maximum deviation value of temperature was less than 0.4 °C in the refrigeration container. In the 750 W load step experiment, the static error of the temperature was ± 0.2 °C in the refrigeration container, and the static error of the superheat was ± 0.17 K. This indicated that the EXP had excellent control quality. The different control strategies for the compressor, gas cooler fan, auxiliary cooler fan, EEV and pressure regulating valve can be realized in the EXP. Therefore, the performance optimization of CO2 transcritical refrigeration system in different operating conditions can be studied.
Evaluating a therapeutic window for precision medicine by integrating genomic profiles and p53 network dynamics
Authors: Choi Minsoo , Park Sang-Min , Cho Kwang-Hyun 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe response variation to anti-cancer drugs originates from complex intracellular network dynamics of cancer. Such dynamic networks present challenges to determining optimal drug targets and stratifying cancer patients for precision medicine, although several cancer genome studies provided insights into the molecular characteristics of cancer. Here, we introduce a network dynamics-based approach based on attractor landscape analysis to evaluate the therapeutic window of a drug from cancer signaling networks combined with genomic profiles. This approach allows for effective screening of drug targets to explore potential target combinations for enhancing the therapeutic window of drug responses. We also effectively stratify patients into desired/undesired response groups using critical genomic determinants, which are network-specific origins of variability to drug response, and their dominance relationship. Our methods provide a viable and quantitative framework to connect genotype information to the phenotypes of drug response with regard to network dynamics determining the therapeutic window.
Coiled-coil structure of meiosis protein TEX12 and conformational regulation by its C-terminal tip
Authors: Dunce James M. , Salmon Lucy J. , Davies Owen R. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMeiosis protein TEX12 is an essential component of the synaptonemal complex (SC), which mediates homologous chromosome synapsis. It is also recruited to centrosomes in meiosis, and aberrantly in certain cancers, leading to centrosome dysfunction. Within the SC, TEX12 forms an intertwined complex with SYCE2 that undergoes fibrous assembly, driven by TEX12’s C-terminal tip. However, we hitherto lack structural information regarding SYCE2-independent functions of TEX12. Here, we report X-ray crystal structures of TEX12 mutants in three distinct conformations, and utilise solution light and X-ray scattering to determine its wild-type dimeric four-helical coiled-coil structure. TEX12 undergoes conformational change upon C-terminal tip mutations, indicating that the sequence responsible for driving SYCE2-TEX12 assembly within the SC also controls the oligomeric state and conformation of isolated TEX12. Our findings provide the structural basis for SYCE2-independent roles of TEX12, including the possible regulation of SC assembly, and its known functions in meiotic centrosomes and cancer.
Multiscale characterization reveals oligomerization dependent phase separation of primer-independent RNA polymerase nsp8 from SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Xu Jinxin , Jiang Xin , Zhang Yulong , Dong Yan , Ma Changli , Jiang Hanqiu , Zuo Taisen , Chen Rui , Ke Yubin , Cheng He , Wang Howard , Liu Jinsong 
Published: September 2022

AbstractRNA replication and transcription machinery is an important drug target for fighting against coronavirus. Non-structure protein nsp8 was proposed harboring primase activity. However, the RNA primer synthesis mechanism of nsp8 is still largely unknown. Here, we purified dimer and tetramer forms of SARS-CoV-2 nsp8. Combined with dynamic light scattering, small-angle neutron scattering and thermo-stability analysis, we found that both dimer and tetramer become loosened and destabilized with decreasing salt concentration, and the dimer form is more stable than the tetramer form. Further investigation showed that nsp8 dimer and tetramer can undergo phase separation but exhibit different phase separation behaviors. Nsp8 dimer can form liquid-like droplets in the buffer with a low concentration of NaCl; phase separation of nsp8 tetramer depends on the assistance of RNA. Our findings on different phase separation behaviors of nsp8 dimer and tetramer may provide insight into the functional studies of nsp8 in coronavirus.
Quantum simulation for topological Euler insulators
Authors: Zhao Wending , Yang Yan-Bin , Jiang Yue , Mao Zhichao , Guo Weixuan , Qiu Liyuan , Wang Gangxi , Yao Lin , He Li , Zhou Zichao , Xu Yong , Duan Luming 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAlthough recent studies have established a powerful framework to search for and classify topological phases based on symmetry indicators, there exists a large class of fragile topology beyond the description. The Euler class characterizing the topology of two-dimensional real wave functions is an archetypal fragile topology underlying some important properties. However, as a minimum model of fragile topology, the two-dimensional topological Euler insulator consisting of three bands remains a significant challenge to be implemented in experiments. Here, we experimentally realize a three-band Hamiltonian to simulate a topological Euler insulator with a trapped-ion quantum simulator. Through quantum state tomography, we successfully evaluate the Euler class, Wilson loop flow, entanglement spectra and Berry phases to show the topological properties of the Hamiltonian. The flexibility of the trapped-ion quantum simulator further allows us to probe dynamical topological features including skyrmion-antiskyrmion pairs and Hopf links in momentum-time space from quench dynamics.
Power system coherency recognition and islanding: Practical limits and future perspectives
Authors: Chamorro Harold R. , Gomez‐Diaz Edgar O. , Paternina Mario R. A. , Andrade Manuel A. , Barocio Emilio , Rueda Jose L. , Gonzalez‐Longatt Francisco , Sood Vijay K. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractElectrical power systems are continuously upgrading into networks with a higher degree of automation capable of identifying and reacting to different events that may trigger undesirable situations. In power systems with decreasing inertia and damping levels, poorly damped oscillations with sustained or growing amplitudes following a disturbance may eventually lead to instability and provoke a major event such as a blackout. Additionally, with the increasing and considerable share of renewable power generation, unprecedented operational challenges shall be considered when proposing protection schemes against unstable electro‐mechanical (e.g. ringdown) oscillations. In an emergency situation, islanding operations enable splitting a power network into separate smaller networks to prevent a total blackout. Due to such changes, identifying the underlying types of oscillatory coherency and the islanding protocols are necessary for a continuously updating process to be incorporated into the existing power system monitoring and control tasks. This paper examines the existing evaluation methods and the islanding protocols as well as proposes an updated operational guideline based on the latest data‐analytic technologies.
Proportional‐resonant based control strategy for grid‐connected packed‐E cell inverters with Lyapunov filter‐based PLL
Authors: Biricik Samet , Komurcugil Hasan , Ahmed Hafiz , Sharifzadeh Mohammad , Mehrasa Majid , Al‐Haddad Kamal 
Published: September 2022

AbstractA proportional‐resonant (PR)‐based current control strategy for grid‐connected packed‐E cell (PEC) inverter is presented. Unlike the existing control strategies, which are based on proportional‐integral controller, developed for packed‐U cell and PEC inverters, the proposed PR‐based control strategy achieves zero steady‐state error in the grid current. Furthermore, it eliminates the necessity of employing the control loop for regulating the dc capacitor voltages. Also, the grid current synchronization is achieved by using a Lyapunov filter‐based phase locked loop (PLL). The consequence of using Lyapunov filter‐based PLL is that sinusoidal synchronization signal can be extracted from the distorted grid voltage. The performances of the proposed control strategy under steady‐state, load variation and non‐ideal grid voltage are investigated on a laboratory‐scale experimental prototype. It is reported that the control of both dc‐ and ac‐side variables of the system are accomplished.
Multi‐source heterogeneous iris segmentation method based on lightweight convolutional neural network
Authors: Huo Guang , Lin Dawei , Yuan Meng 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIris segmentation is a critical step in the iris recognition system. Since the quality of iris database taken under different camera sensors varies greatly, thus most existing iris segmentation methods are designed for a particular collection device. Meanwhile, many iris segmentation methods based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs) require a lot of computational costs and hardware costs (storage space), which are not suitable for deploying on low‐performance devices. To address the above problems, an accurate and efficient heterogeneous iris segmentation network is proposed in this paper. First, the authors design an efficient feature extraction network, which combines depth‐wise separable convolution with traditional convolution to greatly reduce model parameters and computational cost while maintaining segmentation accuracy. Then, a Multi‐scale Context Information Extraction Module (MCIEM) is proposed to extract multi‐scale spatial information at a more granular level and enhance the discriminability of the iris region. Finally, a Multi‐layer Feature Information Fusion Module (MFIFM) is proposed to reduce the loss of information during the downsampling process. Experimental results on multi‐source heterogeneous iris database show that the proposed network can not only achieve state‐of‐the‐art performance but is also more efficient in terms of required parameters, calculated load, and storage space.
Resilienz und Selbstwirksamkeitserwartung hängen mit der
Wahrnehmung der COVID-19-Symptomatik, der psychischen Gesundheit und dem Umgang
mit einer akuten COVID-19-Infektion zusammen
Authors: Kowalski Elias , Graf Johanna , Schneider Axel , Zipfel Stephan , Stengel Andreas 
Published: September 2022

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie Die COVID-19-Pandemie kann mit massiven Auswirkungen auf
die psychische Gesundheit einhergehen. Für eine Verschlechterung der
psychischen Gesundheit besonders anfällig waren z. B. Menschen
mit vorbestehender psychischer Erkrankung. Bekannt ist, dass Resilienz &
Selbstwirksamkeitserwartung Schutzfaktoren für die psychische Gesundheit
bei Belastungen und Herausforderung wie die COVID-19-Pandemie haben
können. Diese Studie untersucht erstmals die Zusammenhänge von
Resilienz & Selbstwirksamkeitserwartung mit der psychischen
Bewältigung einer akuten COVID-19-Infektion in häuslicher
Isolation.
Methoden Diese Studie ist eine querschnittliche Untersuchung von Menschen
mit akuter, PCR-diagnostizierter COVID-19-Infektion während ihrer
häuslichen Isolation. Die Rekrutierung erfolgte telefonisch über
das Gesundheitsamt Freudenstadt (Baden-Württemberg). Nach Einwilligung
erhielten die Studienteilnehmenden einen Link für einen
Online-Fragebogen. Der Fragebogen erfasste soziodemographische Aspekte,
Resilienz, Selbstwirksamkeitserwartung, COVID-19-Somatik, psychische Belastung
(Depressivität, Ängstlichkeit, somatische
Belastungsstörung), Stresserleben und Coping-Strategien. Deskriptive
Statistiken, Korrelationsanalysen und multiple lineare Regressionen mit
Resilienz & Selbstwirksamkeitserwartung als unabhängige
Variablen wurden durchgeführt.
Ergebnisse Es konnten 224 häuslich isolierte Menschen mit akuter
COVID-19-Infektion eingeschlossen werden. Eine geringere Resilienz &
geringere Selbstwirksamkeitserwartung hingen jeweils mit einer stärkeren
Wahrnehmung der somatischen COVID-19-Symptome, höherer psychischer
Belastung, erhöhter Stresswahrnehmung, geringeren
Coping-Fähigkeiten und geringerer wahrgenommener Unterstützung
zusammen.
Diskussion Resilienz & Selbstwirksamkeitserwartung sind sowohl
für die psychische Gesundheit als auch für die
Bewältigung einer akuten COVID-19-Infektion essenziell. Sie
schützen nicht nur vor negativen Effekten auf die psychische Gesundheit,
sondern verstärken gleichzeitig auch positive Effekte. Resilienz
hängt außerdem positiv mit der Wahrnehmung und Bewertung
somatischer COVID-19-Symptome zusammen, sodass sich resilientere Menschen mit
COVID-19-Infektion körperlich gesünder fühlen.
Schlussfolgerung Häuslich isolierte Menschen mit akuter
COVID-19-Infektion sollten mittels standardisierter Kurzfragebögen auf
Unterstützungsbedarf gescreent werden, um negative psychische und
somatische Folgen zu vermeiden. Bedarfsorientierte, niedrigschwellige, digitale
und individuell angepasste Interventionsprogramme sollten auch für das
häusliche Isolationssetting entwickelt und etabliert werden.
Spülen von Bisswunden ist obsolet. Eine anatomische
Studie
Authors: Rieck Bernd , Jördens Sabrina 
Published: September 2022

ZusammenfassungIn der Literatur zur Behandlung von
Tier- und Menschenbissverletzungen wird immer wieder empfohlen, zur
Säuberung der tiefen Wundabschnitte die Wunde mittels einer
Knopfkanüle oder eines Katheters und einer Spritze zu spülen.
Dadurch sollen Verschmutzungen und Fremdkörper aus der Wunde entfernt
werden. In den letzten Jahren wird nicht mehr zu Spülungen mit
großem Druck, sondern nur noch mit Vorsicht geraten.
Material und
Methodik An 8 Körperspenderpräparaten wurden an
klinisch typischen Lokalisationen mit einem speziellen Werkzeug
künstliche Bissverletzungen erzeugt und mit einer Knopfkanüle
und Spritze „gefühlt drucklos“ mit verdünnter
Tinte gespült.
Ergebnisse In allen Fällen
blieb mehr als die Hälfte der Spülflüssigkeit im
gebissenen Körperteil und verbreitete sich entlang anatomischer
Strukturen über große
Flächen.
Schlussfolgerung Die Ergebnisse
zeigen, dass eine Spülung das Ziel einer Wundreinigung verfehlt, sondern
vielmehr die Gefahr einer weiteren Kontamination der Umgebung birgt. Daher
sollte aus Sicht der Autoren eine Wundspülung mittels
Knopfkanüle bei Bisswunden unterbleiben.