bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Protocol for a Feasibility Randomised Controlled Study of a Multicomponent Intervention to Promote a Sustainable Return-To-Work of Workers on Long Term Sick Leave. PROWORK: PROmoting a Sustainable and Healthy Return-To-Work
Authors: Varela-Mato Veronica , Godfree Kate , Adem Anwar , Blake Holly , Bartle Craig , Daly Guy , Hassard Juliet , Kneller Richard , Meyer Caroline , Russell Sean , Marwaha Steven , Kershaw Charlotte , Newman Kristina , Yarker Joanna , Thompson Louise , Munir Fehmidah 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background The cost of sickness absence has major social, psychological, and financial implications for individuals and organisations. Return-to-work (RTW) interventions that support good quality communication and contact with the workplace can reduce the length of sickness absence by between 15 to 30 days. However, initiatives promoting a sustainable return-to-work for workers with poor mental health on long-term sickness absence across small, medium and large enterprises (SMEs and LEs) are limited. This paper describes the protocol of a pilot randomised controlled trial (RCT) to test the feasibility of implementing a RTW intervention across SMEs and LEs across all sectors. Methods and Design A two-arm feasibility RCT with a 4-month intervention will be conducted in SMEs and LE enterprises from the Midlands Region, UK. At least 8 organisations (4 control and intervention), and at least 60 workers and/or managers will be recruited and randomised into the intervention and control group (30 intervention, 30 control). Workers on long-term sickness absence (LTSA) (between 8 and 50 days) and managers with a worker on LTSA will be eligible to participate. The intervention is a behavioural change programme, including a managers and workers RTW toolkit. focused on supporting sickness absence and RTW through the provision of knowledge, problem-solving, action planning, goal setting and positive communication that leads to a sustainable RTW. Organisations assigned to the control group will continue with their usual practice. Measurements of mental health, RTW, work outcomes, quality-of-life, workplace support and communication and other demographic data will be taken at baseline, 2 months and 4 months. Feasibility will be assessed based on recruitment, retention, attrition, completion of measures and intervention compliance for which, specific process and research outcomes been established. A process evaluation will explore the experiences and acceptability of the intervention components and evaluation measures. Exploratory economic evaluation will be conducted to further inform a definitive trial.DiscussionThis is a novel intervention using a worker-manager approach to promote a sustainable return-to-work of workers on long-term sick leave due to poor mental wellbeing. If this intervention is shown to be feasible, the outcomes will inform a larger scale randomised control trial.Trial registration ISRCTN90032009 (retrospectively registered, date registered 15th December 2020)
Private health insurance and redistribution preferences in the Austrian health care system: A case of mere self-interest?
Authors: Resch Thomas 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Private health insurance (PHI) is a relevant financing source in many health care systems, including the Austrian one where more than a third of the population possess such an insurance. The effect of PHI on redistribution preferences in health care has been an understudied phenomenon. This article examines such a relationship. Further the mediating effect of fairness attitudes within said relationship is analysed.Methods: The data for this study come from the Austrian Corona Panel Project (ACPP). OLS regression models are employed to elicit the links between the variables.Results: In this article evidence for considerable self-interest in support for redistribution in health care with matching fairness attitudes is found. Additionally, social redistribution preferences for benefits and taxation, political party preferences and pandemic risk perception play a role. Conclusion: Health policy makers should carefully consider these relationships when adapting the public health care system to challenges, such as increased financing pressure or a pandemic. This could be done by incorporating vulnerable groups and public preferences at large in an open debate about the design of the health care system, its financing and its consequences for redistribution.
First Yield Inter-storey Drift Ratios of Composite (Steel/concrete) and Steel Frames for the Purposes of the Direct Displacement Based Design Method
Authors: Serras Dionisios , Kalapodis Nicos A. , Muho Edmond V. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The present work provides expressions about the Inter-storey Drift Ratios at the damage state of the first yield (IDRy). The proposed expressions are compatible with i) composite (steel/concrete) moment resisting frames (MRFs), ii) steel MRFs, iii) steel eccentrically braced frames (EBFs) and iv) steel buckling restrained braced frames (BRBFs) for soil types B and D. These expressions have been derived by means of statistical and regression analysis incorporating a large databank composed by numerous IDR values that correspond to the first yield of the aforementioned under-study frames. The databank has been produced after extensive dynamic analyses, considering a plethora of seismic recordings compatible with different soil types. The validity of these expressions is proved through an indicative number of numerical examples. Most importantly, the proposed expressions may constitute a very useful tool towards the direct displacement based design (DDBD), where the existing equations for the calculation of the IDRy are crude and oversimplified, leading to unreliable results. The superiority of the proposed expressions over those stipulated in the DDBD code is verifying through an additional numerical example.
Ultralow-dose Pediatric Total-body PET/CT Imaging Using an Artificial Intelligence Technique
Authors: Zhang Qiyang , Xiao Zizheng , Zhang Xu , Hu Yingying , Zhao Yumo , Wang Jingyi , Zhou Yun , Zheng Hairong , Fan Wei , Liang Dong , Hu Zhanli 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Purpose Young children are more sensitive to radiation than adults, and their absorption of effective dose can be four times higher than that of adults, inducing a higher risk of secondary injury. Here, we propose for the first time the use of artificial intelligence techniques combined with low dose CT prior information to improve image quality in ultralow-dose total-body PET/CT scans.MethodsA total of 44 pediatric patients (weight range: 8·5–50·1 kg; ages 1–12 years) who underwent total-body PET/CT at the Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center were retrospectively enrolled. 18F-FDG was administered at a dose of 3·7 MBq/kg and an acquisition of 600 s. The low-dose PET images were simulated by truncating the list-mode data to reduce the count density. The neural network uses the residual network as the basic structure and fuses low-dose CT images as the priori information into the network at different scales. The image quality was assessed by subjective and objective analyses. Bland-Altman plots were used to assess the agreement of regional SUV ratios between the image types. Statistical analysis was carried out to assess the differences in the image quality metrics and reader agreement.ResultsThe use of artificial intelligence techniques can significantly improve PET image quality. When combined with a prior CT information, the anatomical information of the images was better recovered, and the 15 seconds acquisition yields a quality equivalent to the 10 minutes acquisition, it can equivalently guide the concentration of the injected tracer to decrease, which is very important for dose-sensitive pediatric patients.ConclusionsThe proposed artificial intelligence technology is safe and can effectively enhance the quality of pediatric total-body PET/CT ultralow-dose images and has the potential to further reduce the concentration of injected tracers for clinical applications.
Prevalence and Impact of Early Prone Position on 30-day Mortality in Mechanically Ventilated Patients With COVID-19 – a Nationwide Cohort Study
Authors: Engerström Lars , Thermaenius Johan , Mårtensson Johan , Oldner Anders , Petersson Johan , Kåhlin Jessica , Larsson Emma 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: COVID-19 ARDS shares features with non-COVID ARDS but also demonstrates distinct physiological differences. Despite a lack of strong evidence, prone positioning has been advocated as a key therapy for COVID-19 ARDS. The effects of prone position in critically ill patients with COVID-19 are not fully understood, nor is the optimal time of initiation defined. In this nationwide cohort study, we aimed to investigate the association between early initiation of prone position and mortality in mechanically ventilated COVID-19 patients with low oxygenation on ICU admission.Methods: Using the Swedish Intensive Care Registry (SIR), all Swedish ICU patients ≥ 18 years of age with COVID-19 admitted between March 2020, and April 2021 were identified. A sub-cohort of patients with PaO2/FiO2 ratio ≤20 kPa on ICU admission and receiving invasive mechanical ventilation within 24 hours from ICU admission was generated. In this sub-cohort the association between early use of prone position (within 24 hours from intubation) and 30-day mortality was estimated using univariate and multivariable logistic regression models.Results: The total study cohort included 6350 ICU patients with COVID-19, of whom 46.4% were treated with prone position ventilation. Overall 30-day mortality was 24.3%. In the sub-cohort of 1714 patients with lower admission oxygenation, the utilization of early prone increased from 8.5 % in March 2020 to 48.1% in April 2021. The crude 30-day mortality was 27.2% compared to 30.2% in patients not receiving early prone positioning. We found no significant association between early use of prone positioning and survival.Conclusions: During the first three waves of the COVID-19 pandemic, almost half of the patients in Sweden were treated with prone position ventilation. We found no association between early use of prone positioning and survival in patients on mechanical ventilation with severe hypoxemia on ICU admission. To fully elucidate the effect and timing of prone position ventilation in critically ill patients with COVID-19 further studies are desirable.
Script-Based Automatic Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy Planning with Robust Optimization for Craniospinal Irradiation: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Wang Xuetao , Li Changhu , Zhao Jianling , Li Guangjun , Bai Sen 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Craniospinal irradiation (CSI) is essential for treating central nervous system malignancies. However, it is very challenging and time-consuming to design a robust treatment plan capable of delivering a uniform dose to the entire treatment volume for standard linear accelerators. This study proposes a script-based automatic planning method with robust optimization for CSI to reduce sensitivity to setup errors and increase planning efficiency.
Methods
Ten CSI patients with planning target volume (PTV) lengths between 49.8 and 85.0 cm were retrospectively studied. IMRT plans with robust optimization were generated by the automatic planning script. The plans’ sensitivities to positional inaccuracy were evaluated by deliberately shifting the middle beamsets ±5 mm longitudinally. Non-robust optimization plans were also created and compared to the robust ones. The planning time was recorded to evaluate the efficiency of the automatic CSI planning.
Results
For the ten patients enrolled in the study, homogeneous dose coverage were achieved for both robust and non-robust plans with average conformity index value of 0.827 (±0.028) and 0.841 (±0.023) (p = 0.047), homogeneity index values of 0.076 (±0.014) and 0.078 (±0.027) (p = 0.114), respectively. In robust plans, the variations of D1% and D99% were between -0.17–0.99% and -1.18–0.53% for cranial PTV, and -1.02–7.2% and -4.78–0.31% for spinal PTV, while in non-robust plans, the variations were much more significant with corresponding values of -0.53–8.31% and -5.17–0.57% for cranial PTV, and 0.53–40.14% and -46.06% to -2.01% for spinal PTV. The total planning time of a robust optimization plan was about 9-13 minutes by the automatic planning script.
Conclusions
The script-based automatic CSI planning with robust optimization could efficiently create a uniform dose coverage for the entire target volume regardless of PTV length, with the advantage of being insensitive to setup errors and standardizing the planning process.
Ethnobotanical study on Herbal tea in Qianxinan Buyi and Miao Autonomous Prefecture of southwestern Guizhou province, China
Authors: Geng Yanfei , Long Xiaofeng , Li Qingqing 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background "Herbal tea" is a kind of "tea" made from the roots, stems, leaves, flowers, fruits, and even whole plants of herbal plants. In southwestern Guizhou Province, where ethnic minorities gathering, drinking herbal tea has always been one of the methods used by the local people to prevent common diseases. Systematical records of the use of herbal tea are urgent of ethnic groups. The present study sought to investigate and analyze the traditional knowledge of the herbal tea plants used by the minority people in Qianxinan Buyi and Miao Autonomous Prefecture of southwestern Guizhou province, and reveal their utilization characteristics and its formation factors. Methods: In 2020 and 2021, field surveys of four villages were conducted in Qianxinan, with ethnobotanical methods such as semi-structured interviews and participatory observation. The relative frequency of citation (RFC) was used to determine the commonly used herbal tea plants. Herbal tea plant specimens were identified according to the Flora of China (http://www.iplant.cn/). Results: A total to 114 species of herbal tea plants belonging to 59 families 103 genera in Qianxinan, with 60% of herbal tea plants grow in wild. The families with the richest species were Asteraceae (19 species). Of the 114 species, herbaceous were common (59%); the most popular used plant parts were whole plants (35%); processing methods of most herbal tea were dried in the sun (38%); most of herbal tea preparation forms were decocted in water for oral dose (50%). 33 major medicinal functions of herbal tea were recorded, which clearing heat, detoxify, and diuresis being the most commonly. The RFC index determined the most used species was Houttuynia cordata (RFC=0.51). Conclusions: After investigation, the resources of herbal tea plants in Qianxinan are rich. However, the traditional knowledge and sustainable development and utilization of herbal tea plants need more extensive basic investigations as support. This study records the types of herbal tea plants and related information used in the Buyi and Miao Autonomous Prefecture in Southwest Guizhou Province, and lays the foundation for the development, protection and sustainable use of herbal tea resources.
Integrated waveguides and nanowires for optical spectral shaping by using Sagnac loop reflectors
Authors: Moss David 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
We propose and theoretically investigate integrated photonic filters based on two coupled Sagnac loop reflectors (SLRs) formed by a self-coupled optical waveguide. Recently we investigated integrated photonic filters based on cascaded SLRs and coupled SLRs. Here, we advance this field by presenting a unique approach of using coupled SLRs formed by a self-coupled optical waveguide. This enables us to achieve high performance filter functions including Fano-like resonances and wavelength interleaving with a simpler design and a higher fabrication tolerance by tailoring coherent mode interference in the device. Our design takes into account the device fabrication issues as well as the requirements for practical applications. As a guide for practical device fabrication, an analysis of the impact of the structural parameters and fabrication tolerance on each filter function is also provided. The Fano-like resonances show a low insertion loss (IL) of 1.1 dB, a high extinction ratio of 30.2 dB, and a high slope rate (SR) of 747.64 dB/nm. The combination of low IL and high SR promises this device for Fano resonance applications. Our device also can achieve wavelength de-interleaving function with high fabrication tolerance which is attractive for optical interleavers that need a flat-top symmetric filter shape. Optical interleavers and de-interleavers are core elements for signal multiplexing and demultiplexing in wavelength division multiplexing optical communication systems. Versatile spectral responses with a simple design, compact device footprint, and high fabrication tolerance make this approach highly promising for flexible response shaping in a wide variety of applications.
Artificial Intelligence-based Predictive Analysis of Self-Advancing Goaf Edge Support (SAGES) for Improving Underground Mines Safety
Authors: Singh Ankit , Mittal Aman , Haldar Gunjan , Kumar Dheeraj 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
An efficient and robust communication channel is a critical factor in underground coal mines to ensure the safety of the working environment. Through this paper, we explore how the functionalities and operational and analytical efficiency of SAGES can be analyzed utilizing historical data acquired during the depillaring operations carried out in underground coal mines using SAGES for safety and productivity during deployment with the incorporation of IoT with Artificial Intelligence. Applying predictive machine learning of convergence, load at withdrawal, and duration of yielding, in hrs will automate the analysis of the after-effects of depillaring operations. This will ultimately help in the maintenance of components of SAGES and measures to be taken on the safety of the workplace. Linear estimators, gradient boosting, and clustering methods are employed to detect the output properties of the deployed SAGES. Further, we illustrate and analyze a fine-tuning approach for supervised and unsupervised algorithms subsequently, which are analyzed and the performance of various estimator models in our experiments are compared. To end with, we perform an ensemble of the models for each target variable.
A Proposed Digital Systematic Introduction to Measure Innovation and Creativity Levels in Interior Parametric Architectural Design
Authors: tantawy amal 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: This paper aims to investigate the extent to which parametric design tools contribute to increasing innovation in interior furniture design. The research methodology measures creativity criteria based on the theoretical background and previous studies in this field. We use Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software with samples (40 professionals) of architects, designers and specialists to analyze the survey outcomes. Our methodology consists of three stages. In the first stage, a questionnaire and a survey on the main concepts, familiarity and applications of parametric design in furniture and interior design is done. Then, the stage of measuring the success and extent of fulfillment of parametric design characteristics criteria and indices in the modern parametric furniture. Finally, comparing the levels of creativity in some proposed types of traditional and parametric furniture (i.e. chairs and tables) in furniture interior design.Results: The results show that; adoption of parametric design in interior furniture achieves good flexibility and streamlining. Also, it fulfills a good and perfect aesthetic, functional and innovative value, where the highest innovation index of 53% (good) is achieved. For parametric chairs the highest innovation index percentage is 38% (creative), while for traditional chairs is 41% (normal). The parametric tables highest percentage is 40% (creative), and for traditional tables is 57% (normal). Finally, we recommend and suggest applying in a larger scale the applied research study on all parametric interior design elements and not just some types of furniture, and examining the psychological impact on the user behavior.Conclusions the parametric design tools for interior furniture actually help designers to make significant creative and innovative designs. This because they are more than just traditional engineering design tools. In this paper, we focus on tools, criteria and indices of furniture parametric interior design and their effects on increasing the creativity levels.
Knowledge and Self-Reported Practice of Insulin Injection Device Disposal and Associated Factors among Diabetes Patients in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Loha Aynalem , Aga Fekadu , Fanta Amanuel 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background

Poor disposal practices of insulin injection device among diabetes patients lead to the accumulation of sharps within the household and can potentially result in personal injury and injuries to people in the household and general community.
Objective

This study was aimed to assess the knowledge and self-reported practice of insulin injection device disposal and associated factors among diabetes patients in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Method

A hospital based cross-sectional study was employed among 182 diabetes patients on follow-up at Diabetic Clinic of Tikur Anbesa Specialized Hospital – the Ethiopia’s single largest referral hospital – in Addis Ababa. Descriptive data was summarized using frequencies and percentage. Binary logistic regression was used to analyze the relationships between variables. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 25.
Results

About 54% of the participants had inadequate knowledge towards safe insulin injection waste disposal. More than two-thirds (73% %) of respondents had poor self-reported practice of insulin device disposal. Participants in age group between 25 and 39 years (AOR = 8.012, 95%CI = 2.168, 29.600, p-value = 0.02) and those with type 1 diabetes (AOR = 2.14, 95%CI = 1.12, 4.00, p-value = 0.020) were more likely to have adequate knowledge of insulin injection device disposal. But, participants who were urban residents (AOR = 0.197, 95%CI = 0.053, 0.730, p-value = 0.015), received information from pharmacist or friends (AOR = 0.358, 95%CI = 0.129, 0.990, p-value = 0.036), and used insulin for 5 years or bellow (AOR = 0.332, 95%CI = 0.154, 0.710, p-value = 0.014) were less likely to have adequate knowledge. Participants with type 1 diabetes (AOR = 2.1, 95%CI = 1.054, 4.200, p-value = 0.035) and who had adequate knowledge (AOR= 2.5, 95%CI = 1.025, 6.300, p-value = 0.044) were more likely to have good self-reported practice of insulin injection device disposal.
Conclusion

This study revealed that diabetes patients in Addis Ababa had poor knowledge and self-reported practice of insulin injection device disposal.