bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Go green: evaluating an XR application on biodiversity in German secondary school classrooms
Authors: Mulders Miriam , Träg Kristian H. , Kirner Lara 
Published: January 2025

AbstractOne discussion in the context of education for sustainable development centers around the importance of suitable teaching materials for promoting pro-environmental attitudes. Especially applications that let learners travel to otherwise difficult to reach places seem promising for digital sustainability education that is both accessible and socially just. Applications for German-speaking learners are however rare, and it has often not been checked whether those that exist are fit for classroom use. Therefore, this paper focuses on an investigation of the Virtual Reality (VR) learning application "On Biodiversity’s Tracks", developed by greenpeace, with a focus on the environment of the Amazon rainforest. In an experimental study, (1) VR-based and (2) traditional lesson conditions were compared in terms of their effects on self-appraisal of knowledge, interest, and attitude. Pre- and post-questionnaires were used to uncover between-subject and within-subject effects. 172 students at eight secondary schools in Germany were recruited. The results revealed that both experimental conditions were effective regarding increase of self-appraised knowledge. An increase in interest was barely found in either condition. Changes at the attitudinal level could mostly not be discovered. Further analyses highlighted that, unlike the experimental conditions, there were significant differences in self-rated learning outcomes between the types of schools. In general, our results indicate that VR learning applications can contribute to the teaching of topics such as sustainability and biodiversity in a target group-oriented and meaningful way. However, further research is needed to adequately assess VR learning effectiveness, especially regarding affective learning outcomes, due to their importance for sustainable behaviors of subsequent generations.
Contestations in the emerging soil-based carbon economy: towards a research agenda
Authors: Ingram Julie , Maye Damian , Reed Mark 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis paper highlights the need to consider the processes and relations in the political, knowledge, technical and socio-material complex that underpins the emergence of a soil-based carbon economy. This economy, characterised by the proliferation of voluntary soil-based carbon markets, carbon farming policies, supply chain and other initiatives, operates through private mechanisms (offsetting, insetting) and public policy instruments. This emerging economy entails a number of inherent political and knowledge contestations associated with claims around the mitigation potential of soil carbon sequestration and carbon farming. We adapt a social ecological systems (SES) framework to understand these contestations and draw on a corpus of agricultural, ecological, political and social science literatures to identify and pose critical questions for future research. We conceptualise the emerging soil-based carbon economy as interactions and outcomes among actors embedded within a defined SES (governance, resource systems, resource units, actors). Five themes are identified: Marketisation, abstraction and technogovernance; Power relations and expert knowledge; Disputing the meaning and value of soil carbon; Disruptions: new interfaces, configurations and actor relations; Uncertainties and capabilities. These underpin a research agenda proposal. We argue that an integrative conceptualisation is essential to equitably account for the broad mix of social, technical, economic, political, and ecological contexts in which soil carbon is embedded and present options for operationalising the conceptualisation.
Coronary Intervention Outcomes in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis
Authors: Ang Song Peng , Chia Jia Ee , Iglesias Jose , Usman Muhammed Haris , Krittanawong Chayakrit 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Purpose of Review
This review assesses the outcomes of coronary interventions in patients with liver cirrhosis and coronary artery disease (CAD), focusing on the clinical challenges posed by cirrhosis-related hemodynamic and coagulopathic changes. It highlights essential considerations for managing these patients, who have an increased risk of adverse events during coronary procedures.

Recent Findings
Recent studies have shown that patients with liver cirrhosis undergoing PCI experience significantly higher mortality rates compared to non-cirrhotic patients, particularly in the context of STEMI and NSTEMI. Coagulopathy and thrombocytopenia increase the risk of bleeding and vascular complications during interventions. Radial access has been suggested as a safer alternative to femoral access in these patients due to reduced bleeding complications. Additionally, contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is a prevalent risk, with cirrhotic patients demonstrating higher rates of acute kidney injury post-PCI. Preventive strategies such as minimizing contrast exposure and utilizing intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) are recommended.

Summary
Managing CAD in cirrhotic patients requires careful consideration of their unique pathophysiological state. Higher in-hospital mortality, bleeding risks, and vascular complications necessitate tailored procedural strategies, such as radial access and contrast minimization. The balance between thrombotic and bleeding risks is critical in decision-making, with IVUS and hydration strategies being promising approaches. Further research is required to optimize treatment protocols and improve long-term outcomes for this high-risk population.
Evaluation of the Quality of Wheat and Millet Composite Flour and Application for Production Biscuits Fortified with White Sweet Potato Flour
Authors: Eid Walaa A. M. , Abdelgalil Zeinab A. H. , Abd-Elsattar Hayat H. , Bakry Amr M. , Tian Hailong , Huang Jihong , Wang Peng , Hamed Yahya S. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis investigation clarifies the effect of utilizing composite flour prepared using millet flour (MF) and wheat flour (WF) in the development and quality analysis of biscuits enriched with white sweet potato flour (WSPF). Two variations of composite flour were formulated: A (WF: MF = 75:25) and B (WF: MF = 50:50). WSPF was used to substitute 10%, 20%, and 30% (w/w) of composite flour to produce biscuits. The results demonstrated that the ratio of ash (2.91%) and fiber content (5.11%) of WSPF powder was higher than those of the MF (2.27% and 2.63%) and WF (1.13% and 1.65%), respectively. In addition, fat, ash, and fiber content of the composite flour increased with increasing MF level. Total phenols (847.95 mg/g) and antioxidant properties (847.95%) of WSPF were higher than those of the MF and WF flour and composite flour formula. Increasing MF ratio in the composite flour led to a significant reduction in water absorption capacity, oil absorption capacity, bulk density, and swelling capacity. Ash and fiber content of the baked biscuits increased with the increased WSPF level. Based on the findings of the sensory evaluation, the biscuits made from composite flour and WSPF were significantly comparable in all sensory attributes. Overall, production of biscuit samples from composite flour made of millet flour and wheat, and enriched with WSPF, will not only improve the nutritional quality of the product and develop biscuits as a novel food with more functional components but also enhance the utilization of cereals and root crops.
Offshore intermediate hosts for inshore digeneans? A report of infections of Clavogalea (Digenea: Lepocreadiidae) in pleuston
Authors: Yong Russell Q-Y. , Cribb Thomas H. , Louvard Clarisse 
Published: January 2025

AbstractObservations of trematode (Platyhelminthes: Digenea) intermediate stages that infect pleustonic (surface-drifting) oceanic pelagic cnidarians and molluscs are relatively rare. The majority of trematode species reported from pleuston belong to the superfamily Hemiuroidea, of which many species infect oceanic pelagic fishes as definitive hosts. Recent surveys on pleustonic organisms cast ashore on beaches in southeast Queensland, Australia, which found extensive infections by hemiuroid intermediate stages also found the first instance of intermediate stages of another trematode superfamily common in pelagic fishes (the Lepocreadioidea) infecting pleustonic organisms. Specifically, we found lepocreadioid metacercariae in the blue sea slugs Glaucus atlanticus and Glaucilla cf. marginata (both Glaucidae), the violet sea snail Janthina janthina (Epitoniidae) and the blue button hydrozoan Porpita porpita (Porpitidae). Molecular sequence data showed these lepocreadioid metacercariae to be a near-match to Clavogalea trachinoti (Fischthal & Thomas, 1968), which infects species of the shallow inshore-restricted carangid genus Trachinotus Lacépède. This finding indicates that, in addition to playing a substantial role in the infection transmission of trematodes in the open ocean, pleustonic fauna are also potentially important in the transmission of trematodes in shallow inshore environments.
Evaluating Nanotrap Microbiome Particles as A Wastewater Viral Concentration Method
Authors: Shaffer Marlee , North Devin , Bibby Kyle 
Published: January 2025

AbstractWastewater-based surveillance has emerged as a powerful approach to monitoring infectious diseases within a community. Typically, wastewater samples are concentrated before viral analyses to improve sensitivity. Current concentration methods vary in time requirements, costs, and efficiency. Here, we evaluated the concentration efficiency and bias of a novel viral concentration approach, Nanotrap Microbiome Particles (NMP), in wastewater. NMP concentration efficiency was target-specific, with significantly lower concentrations of the bacterial indicator HF183 and viral indicator Carjivirus (formerly crAssphage) relative to direct extraction (1.2 × 105 vs. 3.4 × 105 GC/mL and 2.0 × 105 vs. 1.2 × 105 GC/mL, respectively), but significantly higher concentrations of the viral fecal indicator Pepper Mild Mottle Virus (PMMoV) relative to direct extraction (1.4 × 105 vs. 8.4 × 103 GC/mL). Targeted metagenomic sequencing showed that NMP resulted in significantly more unique species reads per sample than direct extractions (p < 0.001) by detecting species that went undetected by direct extractions. Key viral families identified with high abundances were Adenoviridae, Caliciviridae, Herpesviridae, Papillomaviridae, and Polyomaviridae. NMP showed differential ability for concentrating clinically relevant viral families, suggesting that the technology should be evaluated and optimized for specific viral targets before implementation.
Deepstreamensemble: streaming adaptation to concept drift in deep neural networks
Authors: Chambers Lorraine , Gaber Mohamed-Medhat , Ghomeshi Hossein 
Published: January 2025

AbstractData streams typically evolve over time, manifesting concept drift, and are applied to Deep Neural Networks (DNNs). However, DNNs are predominantly not designed to adapt, resulting in decreasing accuracy. Ideally, a DNN would detect this drift and adapt rapidly. In the streaming machine learning field, adapting models to concept drift has been the subject of research for some time. However, DNN adaptation is lagging behind as DNNs typically require a greater number of instances and increased adaptation time compared to other model types, resulting in a lack of methods that adapt the classifying DNN in a streaming environment. The focus of this study is detection and adaptation to concept drift in high dimensional data with an experimental study on images where novel sub-classes are arising. In the concept drift field, less attention has been focused upon high dimensional data. Our system, termed DeepStreamEnsemble provides existing DNNs with concept drift detection and DNN adaptation capabilities. It is the first system to utilise DNN activations and streaming classifiers for concept drift detection and adaptation. We compare with eleven other state-of-the-art methods, with DeepStreamEnsemble outperforming other leading concept drift detection and adaptation methods by between 5% and 20% on accuracy.
Starting procedure of a flying wing for an airborne wind energy system
Authors: Fuest Hendrik , Duda Dominik F. , Islam Tobias , Moormann Dieter 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAirborne Wind Energy is an emerging technology that harvests wind energy with flight systems connected via a tether to a generator at the ground. A flying wing promises a high energy output during the power generation phase due to its aerodynamic efficiency. Besides, the flying wing can take off vertically in a tailsitter configuration for operation within a limited space. Yet not part of the generation phase, the starting procedure raises main challenges to the flight system in general but especially to a flying wing. A fast transition from hover to crosswind flight is required under minimal power consumption and high wind robustness, while considering the tether connection and the limited flight envelope of the flying wing in hover state. This paper conducts a detailed analysis of the stationary trim states of the flying wing during the transition and introduces a lateral yaw-roll transition to allow for a flight within the flight envelope in both high and low wind conditions. Based on the trim states, different options for the starting procedure are evaluated and an appropriate path is selected that entails a straight-lined transition segment to enter forward flight, followed by curved flight to build up tether tension and to navigate into the power-generation zone. The first part of this transition from hover to horizontal forward flight is demonstrated in the simulation to verify the selected flight path.
Green synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles using Lyptolyngbya foveolarum and Azospirillum brasilense for wastewater treatment
Authors: El-Sheekh M. M. , Shaaban M. T. , Goda A. , Morsi H. H. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractNanotechnology applications in the treatment of wastewater are becoming a growing trend. These days, the eco-friendly production of nanoparticles is becoming increasingly vital. Among different nanoparticles multiple studies have been conducted on iron nanoparticles because of their strong reducing power and high reactivity. Two types of iron nanoparticles (magnetite Fe3O4 and hematite Fe2O3) were synthesized using Lyptolyngbya foveolarum extract and Azospirillum brasilense supernatant. Characterization via UV analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectrum, zeta potential, and (dynamic light scattering) DLS validated successfully synthesized iron oxide nanoparticles including magnetite plus hematite. The current investigation aims to compare the efficacy of each type of iron nanoparticle alone and at different concentrations to eliminate ammonia, nitrate, phosphate, COD, and BOD from wastewater. Synergism between the two types reveals removal efficiency equals 87.68%, 91.87%, 71.9%, 81.75%, and 82% with nitrate, phosphate, ammonia, COD, and BOD, respectively.
The dissimilarity between multiple management practices drives the impact on soil properties and functions
Authors: Li Huiying , Tang Bo , Lehmann Anika , Rongstock Rebecca , Zhu Yanjie , Rillig Matthias C. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Higher dissimilarity between restoration factors boosted soil microbial activities when multiple factors jointly applied.

More diverse management practices enhanced soil aggregate stability and improved soil pH.

Increasing restoration factors up to 8 factors only influenced soil properties (water stable aggregates and soil pH) but not soil microbial activities.

A range of land management practices are available to achieve better soil quality, but their combined effects remain understudied. We hypothesize that more diverse management practices, meaning higher dissimilarity, lead to stronger effects on soil functions and properties. Eight practices (biochar, compost, clay, amorphous silica, basalt, microbial inoculum, reduced physical disturbance and organic matter diversity) were selected with 20 replicates for treatments involving 2, 4, or 6 factors and 10 replicates for 8 factor treatments. We investigated the impact of individual factors, factor number, factor dissimilarity and factor composition on soil respiration, soil enzymatic activities (β-glucosidase, β-D-cellobiosidase, β-N-acetylglucosaminidase and phosphatase), soil pH, water stable aggregates and permanganate oxidizable carbon fraction. By including dissimilarity in addition to factor number, variance explained for soil respiration and enzymatic activities increased up to 54.21%. For soil pH and water-stable aggregates, explained variability increased to 65.57% and 57.38%, respectively. More diverse management practices boosted soil microbial activities, enhanced soil aggregate stability, improved soil pH while reducing labile carbon, whereas factor number only influenced water stable aggregates and soil pH. Our study highlights the importance of management practices diversity in soil functions and properties and calls for further research on synergistic combinations of diverse interventions.
On a two-sided Guionnet–Jones–Shlyakhtenko construction and interpolated free group factors arising from finite groups
Authors: Jayakumar R. , Kodiyalam Vijay 
Published: January 2025

AbstractWe formulate a two-sided Guionnet–Jones–Shlyakhtenko-like construction for a subfactor planar algebra P to define two sequences of tracial, unital associative algebras which we show are isomorphic and on completing which, we obtain a sequence $$M^k$$

M
k

of von Neumann algebras. Further, when P is the planar algebra of a finite group, we employ free probability techniques to explicitly identify $$M^1$$

M
1

and $$M^2$$

M
2

as interpolated free group factors.
Circulation and Cross‐Shelf Exchanges in the Agulhas Bank Region
Authors: Matano R. P. , Combes V. , Palma E. D. , Strub P. T. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis modeling study analyzes the circulation over the Agulhas Bank (AB). It is suggested that the time mean circulation over the bank is primarily driven by the inflow of shelf waters from the northeastern region, and not by local forcing as previously postulated. Seasonal variations of the circulation and temperature and salinity fields are highly correlated with the atmospheric forcing. Currents shift inshore during the winter, returning to its original position during summer. The equatorward flow in the western AB, which includes a deep, previously unreported, countercurrent, strengthens during spring and summer and wanes during fall and winter. Tracer diagnostics and Eulerian mass balances reveal very energetics mass exchanges between the eastern AB and the Agulhas Current (AC). The AB Bight is the preferential site for these exchanges. Lagrangian diagnostic show 0.45 Sv of deep open‐ocean waters entrained into the bottom layer of the shelf. Cross‐shelf exchanges produce significant water mass transformations. Tides play an unexpectedly significant role on the AB circulation. Preliminary considerations suggest that shelf/open‐ocean interactions could have a significant impact on water mass conversions within the AC.
Early Career Recommendations for the Equitable Growth of a Marine Carbon Dioxide Removal Sector
Authors: Kitch G. D. , Duke P. J. , Grabb K. C. , Simancas‐Giraldo S. , Adekunbi F. O. , Addey C. I. , Arbilla L. A. , Carvalho A. C. O. , Chu S. N. , Green R. A. , Hamnca S. , Ghosh A. , Kirkland A. , Lowder K. B. , Meléndez M. , Fontela M. , Robache K. , Ringham M. C. , Rønning J. , Schockman K. M. , Stoll M. M. , Renó de Oliveira R. , Wright‐Fairbanks E. K. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIn addition to steep carbon emission reductions, all modeled pathways to reach global climate goals require carbon removal. Marine carbon dioxide removal has the potential to play a large role in drawing down legacy anthropogenic emissions due to the scalability and durability of proposed methods. While this field is rapidly expanding, a number of issues remain, including efforts to grow the industry, align projects with equity and justice goals, and ensure development of trusted, unique, durable carbon credits. We, a group of early career ocean professionals (ECOPs), provide an overview of the scale of the field, the aforementioned issues, and then make recommendations to ensure global equity and expand early career capacity in the marine carbon dioxide removal sector. We argue that substantial investment is needed to reduce costs of marine carbon dioxide removal and spur innovation in monitoring, reporting, and verification, but also in the training and development of early career researchers. Careful co‐design of marine removal projects by experienced and emerging collaborators, including local communities, can help mitigate perpetuating existing global inequalities. Given the anticipated growth of the marine carbon dioxide removal workforce, ECOPs can contribute their existing interdisciplinary expertise, if they are supported within traditional structures. Those entering the field can leverage skill sets that intersect engineering, policy, community engagement, and business. We maintain that ECOPs will be key leaders in the field, if appropriately engaged, compensated, and empowered.
Homogeneous Mixing of Sea Spray and Biomass Burning Tracer Elements Within Single Particles Observed Over Southeast Asia
Authors: Adachi K. , Sun C. , Onchang R. , Takegawa N. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAerosols from sea spray and biomass burning play an important role in climate due to their considerable abundance in the atmosphere. The magnitude of their atmospheric impact depends on the chemical and physical properties of individual particles. The elemental composition of aerosol particles from Thailand, Southeast Asia, was analyzed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) equipped with an energy dispersive X‐ray spectrometer, with a special focus on sodium (Na) and potassium (K) as tracer elements for sea spray and biomass burning, respectively. Our analysis revealed that nearly all particles with aerodynamic diameters between 300 and 700 nm contained either Na or K, with approximately 74% of the particles containing both elements, that is, homogeneously mixed in the form of sulfate. While both Na and K were present in the same particles and K‐rich particles were generally more abundant than Na‐rich particles in all samples, higher Na fractions were observed when the particles were mainly transported from the ocean. The Na and K containing aerosol particles were often mixed with soot and organic particles. These results demonstrate the significant mixing of sea spray and biomass burning aerosols during their atmospheric transport. Such mixing can affect the hygroscopicity, viscosity, and optical properties of aerosols. This study highlights the significant mixing of natural aerosols from different sources at the individual particle level and suggests the need for accurate representation of aerosol properties in climate models.