bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk factors and consequences of traumatic brain injury in a Swiss male population cohort
Authors: Matei Valentin Petre , Rosca Alina Elena , Pavel Alexandru Neculai , Paun Radu Mihai , Gmel Gerhard , Daeppen Jean-Bernard , Studer Joseph 
Published: July 2022

ObjectiveTo investigate the risk factors for and the consequences (ie, substance use disorders (SUD), depression, personality traits) of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in young Swiss men.DesignThis is a three-wave cohort study. Risk factors were measured at baseline (2010–2012) and at follow-up 1 (FU1; 2012–2014), while the consequences and TBI were measured at follow-up 2 (FU2; 2016–2018).SettingSwitzerland.ParticipantsAll participants at FU2 (Mage=25.43, SD=1.25) of the Cohort Study on Substance Use Risk Factors (N=4881 young Swiss men after listwise deletion).MeasuresThe outcomes measured were TBI, SUD (ie, alcohol, nicotine, cannabis, other illicit drugs), depression and personality traits (ie, sensation seeking, anxiety-neuroticism, sociability, aggression-hostility) at FU2. The predictors were previous TBI (lifetime TBI but not in the past 12 months at FU2), SUD, personality traits and sociodemographics (highest level of achieved education, age, linguistic region) measured at FU1.ResultsAt FU2, 3919 (80.3%) participants reported to never have had TBI, 102 (2.1%) have had TBI in the last 12 months (TBI new cases), and 860 (17.6%) have had TBI during their lifetime but not in the 12 months preceding FU2 (previous TBI). Low educational attainment (OR=3.93, 95% CI 2.10 to 7.36), depression (OR=2.87, 95% CI 1.35 to 6.11), nicotine dependence (OR=1.72, 95% CI 1.09 to 2.71), high sociability (OR=1.18, 95% CI 1.07 to 1.30), high aggression-hostility (OR=1.15, 95% CI 1.06 to 1.26) and high sensation seeking (OR=1.33, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.68) at FU1 were significantly associated with TBI new cases at FU2. Previous TBI was significantly associated with nicotine dependence (OR=1.46, 95% CI 1.16 to 1.83), depression (OR=2.16, 95% CI 1.56 to 2.99) and aggression-hostility (B=0.14, 95% CI >0.00 to 0.28) at FU2.ConclusionLow educational attainment and depression are the most significant risk factors associated with increased odds of future TBI, while depression, nicotine dependence and high aggression-hostility are the main consequences of previous TBI. TBI should be considered an underlying factor in the treatment of depression, SUD or unfavourable personality profiles.
Use of computerised adaptive testing to reduce the number of items in patient-reported hip and knee outcome scores: an analysis of the NHS England National Patient-Reported Outcome Measures programme
Authors: Evans Jonathan Peter , Gibbons Christopher , Toms Andrew D , Valderas Jose Maria 
Published: July 2022

ObjectiveOver 160 000 participants per year complete the 12-item Oxford Hip and Knee Scores (OHS/OKS) as part of the NHS England Patient-Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs) programme. We used a modern computational approach, known as computerised adaptive testing (CAT), to simulate individually tailored OHS and OKS assessment, with the goal of reducing the number of questions a patient must complete without compromising measurement accuracy.MethodsWe fit the 2018/2019 PROMs data to an item response theory (IRT) model. We assessed IRT model assumptions alongside reliability. We used parameters from the IRT model with data from 2017/2018 to simulate CAT assessments. Two simulations were run until a prespecified SE of measurement was met (SE=0.32 and SE=0.45). We compared the number of questions required to meet each cut-off and assessed the correlation between the full-length and CAT administration.ResultsWe conducted IRT analysis using 40 432 OHS and 44 714 OKS observations. The OHS and OKS were both unidimensional (root mean square error of approximation 0.08 and 0.07, respectively) and marginal reliability 0.91 and 0.90. The CAT, with a precision limit of SE=0.32 and SE=0.45, required a median of four items (IQR 1) and two items (IQR 1), respectively, for the OHS, and median of four items (IQR 2) and two items (IQR 0) for the OKS. This represents a potential 82% reduction in PROM length. In the context of 160 000 yearly assessments, these methodologies could result in the omission of some 1 280 000 redundant questions per year, which equates to 40 000 hours of patient time.ConclusionThe application of IRT to the OHS and OKS produces an efficient and substantially reduced CAT. We have demonstrated a path to reduce the burden and potentially increase the compliance for these ubiquitous outcome measures without compromising measurement accuracy.
Effectiveness of women-led community interventions in improving tuberculosis preventive treatment in children: results from a comparative, before–after study in Ethiopia
Authors: Jerene Degu , Assefa Dawit , Tesfaye Kalkidan , Bayu Samuel , Seid Samuel , Aberra Fikirte , Bedru Ahmed , Khan Amera , Creswell Jacob 
Published: July 2022

ObjectivesOur objective was to evaluate the impact of a service delivery model led by membership-based associations called Iddirs formed by women on tuberculosis preventive treatment (TPT) initiation and completion rates among children.DesignComparative, before-and-after study design.SettingThree intervention and two control districts in Ethiopia.ParticipantsChildren who had a history of close contact with adults with infectious forms of tuberculosis (TB). Child contacts in whom active TB and contraindications to TPT regimens were excluded were considered eligible for TPT.InterventionsBetween July 2020 and June 2021, trained women Iddir members visited households of index TB patients, screened child household contacts for TB, provided education and information on the benefits of TPT, linked them to the nearby health centre and followed them at home for TPT adherence and side effects. Two control zones received the standard of care, which comprised of facility-based provision of TPT to children. We analysed quarterly TPT data for treatment initiation and completion and compared intervention and control zones before and after the interventions and tested for statistical significance using Poisson regression.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThere were two primary outcome measures: proportion of eligible children initiated TPT and proportion completed treatment out of those eligible.ResultsTPT initiation rate among eligible under-15-year-old children (U15C) increased from 28.7% to 63.5% in the intervention zones, while it increased from 34.6% to 43.2% in the control zones, and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.001). TPT initiation rate for U5C increased from 13% (17 out of 131) to 93% (937 out of 1010). Of the U5C initiated, 99% completed treatment; two discontinued due to side effects; three parents refused to continue; and one child was lost to follow-up.ConclusionWomen-led Iddirs contributed to significant increase in TPT initiation and completion rates. The model of TPT delivery should be scaled-up.
Applied sports science and sports medicine in women’s rugby: systematic scoping review and Delphi study to establish future research priorities
Authors: Heyward Omar , Emmonds Stacey , Roe Gregory , Scantlebury Sean , Stokes Keith , Jones Ben 
Published: July 2022

ObjectivesIn part 1, the objective was to undertake a systematic scoping review of applied sports science and sports medicine in women’s rugby, and in part 2 to develop a consensus statement on future research priorities.DesignIn part 1, a systematic search of PubMed (MEDLINE), Scopus and SPORTDiscus (EBSCOhost) was undertaken from the earliest records to January 2021. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020, the PRISMA extension for Scoping Reviews, and the PRISMA extension protocols were followed. In part 2, 31 international experts in women’s rugby (ie, elite players, sports scientists, medical clinicians, sports administrators) participated in a three-round Delphi consensus method. These experts reviewed the findings from part 1 and subsequently provided a list of priority research topics in women’s rugby. Research topics were grouped into expert-based themes and expert-based subthemes via content analysis. Expert-based themes and expert-based subthemes were ranked from very low to very high research priority on a 1–5 Likert scale. Consensus was defined by ≥70% agreement. The median research priority agreement and IQR were calculated for each expert-based theme and subtheme.Data sourcesPubMed (MEDLINE), Scopus and SPORTDiscus (EBSCOhost).Eligibility criteria for selecting studiesStudies were eligible for inclusion if they investigated applied sports science or sports medicine in women’s rugby.ResultsIn part 1, the systematic scoping review identified 123 studies, which were categorised into six sports science and sports medicine evidence-based themes: injury (n=48), physical performance (n=32), match characteristics (n=26), fatigue and recovery (n=6), nutrition (n=6), and psychology (n=5). In part 2, the Delphi method resulted in three expert-based themes achieving consensus on future research priority in women’s rugby: injury (5.0 (1.0)), female health (4.0 (1.0)) and physical performance (4.0 (1.0)).Summary/ConclusionThis two-part systematic scoping review and Delphi consensus is the first study to summarise the applied sports science and sports medicine evidence base in women’s rugby and establish future research priorities. The summary tables from part 1 provide valuable reference information for researchers and practitioners. The three expert-based themes that achieved consensus in part 2 (injury, female health and physical performance) provide clear direction and guidance on future research priorities in women’s rugby. The findings of this two-part study facilitate efficient and coordinated use of scientific resources towards high-priority research themes relevant to a wide range of stakeholders in women’s rugby.
Urate crystal deposition is associated with inflammatory markers and carotid artery pathology in patients with intercritical gout: results from the NOR-Gout study
Authors: Hammer Hilde Berner , Rollefstad Silvia , Semb Anne Grete , Jensen Gro , Karoliussen Lars Fridtjof , Terslev L , Haavardsholm Espen A , Kvien Tore K , Uhlig Till 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundGout is of unknown reason associated with cardiovascular disease. Ultrasound is sensitive for detecting crystal deposition and plasma calprotectin is a sensitive inflammatory marker. This study explores the associations between crystal deposition, inflammation and carotid artery pathology.MethodA cross-sectional analysis of baseline assessments from the NOR-Gout study was undertaken. Crystal deposition was assessed by ultrasound (double contour, tophi, aggregates) and dual-energy CT (DECT) and laboratory assessments included plasma calprotectin. The carotid arteries were bilaterally examined for carotid intima–media thickness (cIMT) and presence of plaques. Spearman correlations, Mann-Whitney tests and linear regression analyses were used to explore associations between crystal deposition, inflammatory markers,and carotid pathology.Results202 patients with intercritical gout (95.5% men, mean (SD) age 56.5 (13.8) years, disease duration 7.9 (7.7) years) were included. Calprotectin was correlated with all scores of crystal deposition by ultrasound (r=0.26–0.32, p<0.001) and DECT (r=0.15, p<0.05). cIMT was correlated with sum score aggregates (r=0.18–0.22, p<0.05). Patients with large tophi had higher levels of calprotectin as well as more frequent carotid plaque (p<0.05).ConclusionsStudy findings point towards crystal deposition contributing to subclinical inflammation with subsequent vascular implications. However, future longitudinal studies are needed to confirm such causal relationships.
End-of-life care quality measures: beyond place of death
Authors: Hoare Sarah , Antunes Bárbara , Kelly Michael P , Barclay Stephen 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundHow quality in healthcare is measured shapes care provision, including how and what care is delivered. In end-of-life care, appropriate measurement can facilitate effective care and research, and when used in policy, highlight deficits and developments in provision and endorse the discipline necessity. The most prevalent end-of-life quality metric, place of death, is not a quality measure: it gives no indication of the quality of care or patient experience in the place of death.AimTo evaluate alternative measures to place of death for assessing quality of care in end-of-life provision in all settings.MethodWe examine current end-of-life care quality measures for use as metrics for quality in end-of-life care. We categorise approaches to measurement as either: clinical instruments, mortality follow-back surveys or organisational data. We review each category using four criteria: care setting, patient population, measure feasibility, care quality.ResultsWhile many of the measure types were highly developed for their specific use, each had limitations for measuring quality of care for a population. Measures were deficient because they lacked potential for reporting end-of-life care for patients not in receipt of specialist palliative care, were reliant on patient-proxy accounts, or were not feasible across all care settings.ConclusionNone of the current end-of-life care metric categories can currently be feasibly used to compare the quality of end-of-life care provision for all patients in all care settings. We recommend the development of a bespoke measure or judicious selection and combination of existing measures for reviewing end-of-life care quality.
Plastron color patterns allow for individual photo-identification in two different chelonian species
Authors: Salom-Oliver Marta , Ruiz de la Hermosa Amengual Andreu , Aguiló-Zuzama Aina , Ribas-Serra Arnau , Vallespir Juan , Tejada-Gavela Silvia , Pinya Samuel 
Published: July 2022

Natural marks have increasingly been used as a tool for individual identification in capture–mark–recapture techniques. Photo-identification is a noninvasive alternative to traditional marking techniques, allowing individual recognition of species through time and space. We tested the APHIS (Automatic Photo Identification Suite) software as a software capable of identifying individuals of Hermann’s Tortoise ( Testudo hermanni Gmelin, 1789) and European Pond Turtle ( Emys orbicularis (Linneaus, 1758)) in different populations during capture–release sessions in the field based on plastron color patterns, since they can be used as natural marks for identification. For this individual identification, spot pattern matching (SPM) and image template matching (ITM) procedures were tested, achieving 100% success of individuals recognized in both procedures and visually verified by comparing the images. However, the ITM procedure was more efficient at recognizing recaptures than SPM because ITM allowed faster recapture verification, since most of the matches were directly placed in the first position on the candidate list. Previous studies used photo-identification on freshwater or sea turtles but never with terrestrial tortoise species. Consequently, it was corroborated that APHIS is a competent and efficient software considering photo-identification of T. hermanni and E. orbicularis, and that it can be applied to close species with similar and unique individual color patterns in their plastron.
Identification of novel candidate of brown planthopper resistance gene Bph44 in rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Kiswanto Iwan , Soetopo Lita , Adiredjo Afifuddin Latif 
Published: July 2022

The brown planthopper (BPH, Nilaparvata lugens Stål) is still considered a major threat to rice farmers. Exploring novel resistance genes that relate to the BPH population in the targeted rice-growing area might be a suitable solution. We identified and mapped the gene locus using 175 lines of F2:3 populations derived from Balamawee × PD601. Genomic analysis was then used to identify the candidate gene governing the resistance toward BPH. We discovered a novel genetic locus for BPH resistance in the long arm of chromosome 4 linked to markers Q31 and RM17007 at 4.76 and 5.42 cM, respectively, with total phenotypic variation reaching 52.21% at LOD 29.68. The tolerance mechanism influences the nature of this resistance, as shown by the Functional Plant Loss Index. The resistance level, mechanism of resistance, and physical mapping reveal that the resistance genes in this study differ from the previous study, therefore, we propose this novel gene as Bph44.
Shape Invariance of Solvable Schrödinger Equations with the Generalized Hyperbolic Pöschl-Teller Potential
Authors: Li Min , Zhong Shi-Kun , Dong Li , Xiong Lu-Lin , Luo Guang 
Published: July 2022

In atomic and molecular physics, the Pöschl-Teller potential and its modified form (hyperbolic Pöschl-Teller potential) are particularly significant potentials. It is of great importance to study the Schrödinger equation with those potentials. In this paper, we further extend the hyperbolic Pöschl-Teller potential through generalizing the superpotential of that potential of the form Atanh (αx)-Bcoth (αx) to the more general form -Atanh (npx)-Bcoth (mpx). First, we introduce briefly the shape invariance and the potential algebra in supersymmetric quantum mechanics. Second, we derive three additive shape invariances, which are related to parameters

A

and

B

of the partner potentials with the generalized superpotential, and discuss the eigenfunctions and eigenvalues in detail. Although the superpotential has two parameters, those shape invariances still belong to the one-parameter form. The reason is that there is always a constraint relationship between

A

and

B

in the additive shape invariance of the partner potentials. Third, through the potential algebra approach, we obtain the relevant shape invariance and calculate the corresponding eigenvalue of the Schrödinger equation with the potential of the generalized superpotential. The calculation shows that the algebraic form shape invariance of the partner potentials with that superpotential is anastomotic to the above. Last, we make a summary and outlook.
The Challenges of HLA Class I Loss in Cancer Immunotherapy: Facts and Hopes
Authors: Aptsiauri Natalia , Garrido Federico 
Published: July 2022

AbstractHLA class I molecules are key in tumor recognition and T cell–mediated elimination. Loss of tumor HLA class I expression with different underlying molecular defects results in reduced antigen presentation and facilitates cancer immune evasion. It is also linked to significant changes in tumor microenvironment and tissue architecture. In this review, we summarize the current advances and future perspectives in the understanding of the mechanisms of MHC/HLA class I alterations during the natural history of tumor progression from a primary lesion to distant metastases. We also focus on recent clinical and experimental data demonstrating that lack of response to cancer immunotherapy frequently depends on the molecular nature of tumor HLA class I aberrations. Finally, we highlight the relevance of detecting and correcting the absence of tumor HLA expression to improve immunotherapy protocols.
High Levels of Complement Activating Enzyme MASP-2 Are Associated With the Risk of Future Incident Venous Thromboembolism
Authors: Damoah Christabel Esi , Snir Omri , Hindberg Kristian , Garred Peter , Ludviksen Judith K. , Brækkan Sigrid K. , Morelli Vânia M. , Mollnes Tom Eirik , Hansen John-Bjarne ,   the INVENT Consortium
Published: July 2022

Background:
Experimental studies have shown that the complement activating enzyme MASP-2 (mannose-binding lectin associated serine protease 2) exhibits a thrombin-like activity and that inhibition of MASP-2 protects against thrombosis. In this study, we investigated whether plasma MASP-2 levels were associated with risk of future venous thromboembolism (VTE) and whether genetic variants linked to MASP-2 levels were associated with VTE risk.

Methods:
We conducted a population-based nested case-control study involving 410 VTE patients and 842 age- and sex-matched controls derived from the Norwegian Tromsø Study. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) of VTE across MASP-2 quartiles. Whole-exome sequencing and protein quantitative trait loci analyses were performed to assess genetic variants associated with MASP-2 levels. A 2-sample Mendelian randomization study, also including data from the INVENT consortium (International Network of Venous Thrombosis), was performed to assess causality.

Results:

Subjects with plasma MASP-2 in the highest quartile had a 48% higher OR of VTE (OR, 1.48 [95% CI, 1.06–2.06]) and 83% higher OR of deep vein thrombosis (OR, 1.83 [95% CI, 1.23–2.73]) compared with those with MASP-2 levels in the lowest quartile. The protein quantitative trait loci analysis revealed that 3 previously described gene variants, rs12711521 (minor allele frequency, 0.153), rs72550870 (minor allele frequency, 0.045; missense variants in the
MASP2
gene), and rs2275527 (minor allele frequency, 0.220; exon variant in the adjacent
MTOR
gene) explained 39% of the variation of MASP-2 plasma concentration. The OR of VTE per 1 SD increase in genetically predicted MASP-2 was 1.03 ([95% CI, 1.01–1.05]
P
=0.0011).

Conclusions:
Our findings suggest that high plasma MASP-2 levels are causally associated with risk of future VTE.
Future Changes of East Asian Extratropical Cyclones in the CMIP5 Models
Authors: Lee Jaeyeon , Hwang Jaeyoung , Son Seok-Woo , Gyakum John R. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Future changes of extratropical cyclones (ETCs) over East Asia are investigated using the models participating in phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5). To quantify ETC frequency, intensity, and genesis changes in a warming climate, the objective tracking algorithm is applied to nine CMIP5 models. These models provide 6-hourly wind data with no missing values in the high-terrain regions. The historical simulations reasonably well capture the spatial distribution of ETC properties, except for nonnegligible biases in and downstream of the high-terrain regions. Such biases are particularly pronounced in the models with a coarse spatial resolution and smooth topography, which weaken lee cyclogenesis. The best five models, which show better performance for historical simulations than other models, are used to evaluate the possible changes of East Asian ETCs under the RCP8.5 scenario. These models project a reduced cyclogenesis on the leeward side of the Tibetan Plateau, and over the East China Sea and western North Pacific in the late twenty-first century, resulting in a reduced ETC frequency from the east coast of China to the western North Pacific. The ETC intensity also shows a hint of weakening over the North Pacific. These ETC property changes are largely consistent with an enhanced static stability and a reduced vertical wind shear in a warming climate. This result indicates that the local baroclinicity, instead of increased moisture content, may play a critical role in determining the future changes of East Asian ETCs.