bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Barriers to Practice of Pharmaceutical Care in a Tertiary Hospital in Nigeria
Authors: Amibor Kingsley , Agbese B. O. , Mokwunye C. 
Published: October 2022

Pharmaceutical care continues to gain worldwide acceptance since its introduction over two decades ago. In Nigeria, a variety of forces is slowing down the implementation of pharmaceutical care in healthcare institutions. This study was carried out to determine the barriers to implementation of pharmaceutical care in a tertiary hospital in Nigeria. These were achieved through the use of a prospective, cross-sectional study using a structured, pretested and self-administered questionnaire to 55 hospital pharmacists in Asaba in July 2018. The four-part Questionnaire evaluated demographics of respondents, knowledge of and reasons for not implementing pharmaceutical care and willingness to practice pharmaceutical care if perceived barriers were removed. Data obtained were analyzed using SPSS Version 22. Descriptive and chi square statistics were obtained. A P-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. A total of 55 questionnaires were administered to hospital pharmacists practicing at the Federal Medical Centre, Asaba, in 2018. Fifty questionnaires were returned, giving a response rate of 90.9%. Majority (80.0%) were aged 21-30 years, there were more females (56.0%) than males, most were single (74.0%), a third (34.0%) were holders of the Doctor of Pharmacy degree, nearly half (42.0%) were in practice for less than one year. Barriers identified were difficulty in accessing patients clinical and laboratory data, lack of acceptance by physicians and nurses, lack of space, inadequate number of pharmacists, pharmaceutical care is not feasible without financial incentives, pharmaceutical care required too much time, lack of clinical knowledge, Pharmaceutical care required too much effort, and lack of communication skills. Analysis of sex versus respondents was significant for those who felt pharmaceutical care was not feasible without financial incentives. (c2 = 12.236, *P = 0.022) with female respondents taking the lead (56.0%). This study revealed barriers that are militating against the practice of pharmaceutical care in the study area. Concerted efforts to address these challenges that will involve the management of the hospital, update lectures, attitudinal change by pharmacists and introduction of remuneration for additional services rendered by pharmacists are recommended.
Effects of Organic Manure: Amirthakaraisal and Cow Dung on Performances of Greengram (Vigna radiata) Grown in Pots
Authors: Priyanth H. , Sutharsan S. , Rifnas L. M. , Srikrishnah S. 
Published: October 2022

Green gram (Vigna radiata) is an annual important pulse crop that mainly grown in tropical, subtropical and, temperate regions of Asia. Traditionally it is grown on commercial scale with synthetic fertilizer and on subsistent scale with organic manure. Amirthakaraisal is an organic liquid nutrient solution containing of N, P and K. The present study was conducted with the objective of investigating the effect of combination of Amirthakaraisal and Cow dung on the growth and yield of Vigna radiata. The experiment was conducted as a pot experiment with six treatments and ten replicates in a completely randomised design (CRD). Which was maintained in open field. The treatments are T1 -100% Amirthakaraisal, T2 - 75% Amirthakaraisal and 25% Cow dung, T3 - 50% Amirthakaraisal and 50% Cow dung, T4 - 25% Amirthakaraisal and 75% Cow dung, T5 - 100% Cow dung, T6 – control(zero treatments). Treatments were applied two week interval according to the pot area. Growth and yield parameters were measured and analysed statistically using ANOVA and means were compared with DMRT at 5% significance level.. The results proved that T3- 50% Amirthakaraisal and 50% Cow dung significantly (P < 0.05) increased the dry weight of shoot (27.27 %), , number of pods per plant (31.03 %), weight of 100 seeds (29.78 %), total yield (33.73 %) in comparison to plants without application of organic manure(T6). T3 given best results when comparing with T1, T2, T4, T5 and also T3 plants were expose their 50% flowering 30 days after planting compared with other treatments. Therefore, it could be concluded with the final yield of Vigna radiata that application of 50% Amirthakaraisal and 50% Cow dung to soil increased the growth and yield performance of Vigna radiata.
A DISCOURSE ANALYSIS OF FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE USED IN THE LECTURE OF USTAD ABDUL SOMAD LC.MA.
Authors: Amna Shally 
Published: October 2022

The research is aimed to analyze a discourse of figurative languages used in the lecture of Ustad Abdul Somad, LC.MA. (UAS) which is held in Pasaman District, West Sumatera province.The research is qualitatively descriptive approached. In conducting the research, the data are collected by using documentation technique. The data are categorized by referring to Perrine’s category namely personification, metaphor, hyperbole and paradox. The Data are transcript from Indonesian language into English language. To analyze the data, the research uses discourse analysis and descriptive method. The findings of the research are 98 expressions of figurative languages found in the lecture of UAS for 70 minutes namely 34.6 % the expressions of paradox, 25.5% the expressions of hyperbole, 20.4% the expression of metaphor and 19.3 % the expression of personification. These figures are analyzed by using the context of the utterances.
UNDERSTANDING NEW LANGUAGE: MUTUAL INTELLIGIBILITY IN ROMANCE LANGUAGE PAIR
Authors: Oktavia Diana 
Published: October 2022

This paper concerns to the strategy applied by speakers of mutual intelligibilitity languages pairs in Europe, especially in Romance language pair, Portuegese and Spanish. Initial studies found a receptive multilingulism as a great strategy to break the gap of communication within these two languages. It is found that the speakers of both Portuegese and Spanish are able to communicate and understand each other even though they do not speak each other language. It happens because those two languages resemble each other and they have a large number of cognate words which makes them recognizable. However, it is also found that Portuegese speakers can understand Spanish easier than Spaniards understand Portuegese, because Portuegese is more complicated than spanish.
An Analysis of Students’ Need For Learning English At Islamic Boarding School
Authors: Habibah Nur 
Published: October 2022

The aim of this study was to describe what are students’ need in their effort to learn English at Al Baqiyatus Sholihat Islamic Boarding School. This research was descriptive quantitative research. The subject of this study were 180 respondents. The finding of the data showed that most of students have been learning English for 1,5 and they only learn English at Islamic boarding school and no one of students learn English outside of the school. Based on students attitude towards their English language learning, the majority of students learn English because they want to pass the exam (78.33%) and they can use internet better (75.00%). Based on students’ English language skill, the researcher found that listening (87.22%) became students’ favorite skill and reading (72.2%) became the difficult skill or the skill that students need to more practice. Refers to the way student learn that most of students like to learn English by working as a whole class (92.22%) and reading text/stories (78.33%). Students like to learn vocabularies by hearing new words (81.67%) then, students learned grammar by doing written exercise at school (75.00%) and by oral practice in class (63.89%). Refers to the English favorite topic that most of students like the topic such as family/friends/people/relationship (93.89%) and they like the topic that related with Islam knowledge.
21st CENTURY EDUCATION 21st CENTURY EDUCATION
Authors: Bebasari Mardiani 
Published: October 2022

Tujuan dari penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi adanya perubahan yang terjadi pada dunia pendidikan di abad 21. Abad pertengahan yang ada pada abad 21 berkembangnya informasi dan teknologi dengan sangat cepat. Penelitian yang dilakukan dalam jurnal ini dengan menggunakan studi kepustakaan untuk melihat melalui tulisan dari buku mengenai pendidikan pada abad 21. Hasil penelitian dapat dilihat bahwa terdapat perubahan kondisi yang terjadi pada dunia pendidikan di abad 21. Kondisi yang terjadi pada abad 21 akan lebih ramai karena membutuhkan tantangan keterampilan yang baik dalam dunia pendidikan, kapasitas dalam berpikir, kreatif dan analisis dalam memecahkan persoalan. Pendidikan pada abad 21 bertujuan untuk mewujudkan cita-cita luhur bangsa dengan menjadi masyarakat yang bahagia dan sejahtera, mempunyai kedudukan yang terhormat sama dengan negara lain dan mempunyai kualitas pada sumber daya manusia. Dapat disimpulkan dengan adanya pendidikan pada abad 21 maka ciri yang dapat dilihat yaitu manusia dapat memanfaatkan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi dalam segala bidang kehidupan, baik dalam bidang pendidikan, pada kemampuan pembelajaran lebih ditekankan pada peserta didik untuk dapat mencari tahu dari berbagai sumber dan dapat merumuskan segala persoalan dan dapat berpikir analitis.
Kata kunci: Pendidikan Abad 21
Tujuan dari penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi adanya perubahan yang terjadi pada dunia pendidikan di abad 21. Abad pertengahan yang ada pada abad 21 berkembangnya informasi dan teknologi dengan sangat cepat. Penelitian yang dilakukan dalam jurnal ini dengan menggunakan studi kepustakaan untuk melihat melalui tulisan dari buku mengenai pendidikan pada abad 21. Hasil penelitian dapat dilihat bahwa terdapat perubahan kondisi yang terjadi pada dunia pendidikan di abad 21. Kondisi yang terjadi pada abad 21 akan lebih ramai karena membutuhkan tantangan keterampilan yang baik dalam dunia pendidikan, kapasitas dalam berpikir, kreatif dan analisis dalam memecahkan persoalan. Pendidikan pada abad 21 bertujuan untuk mewujudkan cita-cita luhur bangsa dengan menjadi masyarakat yang bahagia dan sejahtera, mempunyai kedudukan yang terhormat sama dengan negara lain dan mempunyai kualitas pada sumber daya manusia. Dapat disimpulkan dengan adanya pendidikan pada abad 21 maka ciri yang dapat dilihat yaitu manusia dapat memanfaatkan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi dalam segala bidang kehidupan, baik dalam bidang pendidikan, pada kemampuan pembelajaran lebih ditekankan pada peserta didik untuk dapat mencari tahu dari berbagai sumber dan dapat merumuskan segala persoalan dan dapat berpikir analitis.
Kata kunci: Pendidikan Abad 21
Тополандшафтные исследования курганов раннего железного века западной части Жетысу Алатау
Authors: Антонов Михаил Александрович , Горячев Александр Анатольевич , Хисматуллин Рафаэль Курмангалиевич 
Published: October 2022

Настоящая работа посвящена анализу дистанционных и натурных исследований тополандшафтных особенностей курганов раннего железного века у западных склонов Жетысу Алатау. По итогам работ на этой территории выделена группа из 386 памятников с погребальными сооружениями в виде насыпей полусферической формы, а также рвами и валами по их периметру. Базируясь на данной выборке археологических объектов, составлена предварительная карта памятников, которая представляет характер распространения объектов с подобными признаками в предгорной и горной зонах западных отрогов Жетысу Алатау. Выяснено, что наиболее плотная концентрация курганов со рвами зафиксирована в районе гор Бастобе, Когалинской долине и междуречье Коксу и Каратала. Здесь же сосредоточено около 390 наиболее крупных «царских» курганов региона. В культурных традициях населения раннего железного века существовали инварианты архитектурных особенностей погребальных комплексов. Наиболее массовую серию представляют курганы со рвами по периметру насыпи (216), остальные 170 памятников содержат погребальные сооружения с «внешними» рвами, когда между насыпью и рвом имелись площадки округлой или квадратной форм. В некоторых случаях квадратные рвы заменяются валами той же формы, а у округлых рвов прослеживаются невысокие валы по внутреннему периметру. Среди могильников с наиболее крупными по размерам курганами выделяется группа из 14 памятников, где отмечены сооружения с «внешними» рвами, которые прерываются «мостиками» с противоположных сторон, преимущественно по оси запад–восток. Статистический анализ показывает, что для данного микрорайона такие археологические объекты составляют от 30 до 40% от общей численности памятников раннего железного века. Это говорит в пользу того, что на определенном историческом этапе носители этих традиций погребальной обрядности занимали доминирующее положение на территориях у западных склонов Жетысу Алатау. Курганы с аналогичной архитектоникой и тополандшафтной ситуацией на территории Юго-Восточного Казахстана нигде больше не встречаются, за исключением высокогорных долин рек Кеген, Шалкодесу, Текес, Каркара и Шелек. Это может свидетельствовать об определенных этнокультурных связях жителей данных регионов. Анализ архитектурных особенностей на основе аналогий с известными исследованными комплексами показывает, что, вероятней всего, данные памятники были сооружены в сакское время (VI‑III вв. до н.э.) и маркируют развитие одного родоплеменного объединения.
KAJIAN FILSAFAT HUKUM EKONOMI ISLAM TERHADAP IMPLEMENTASI AKAD BA’I AL-MURABAHAH DAN ISTISHNA DALAM PEMBIAYAAN KPR SYARIAH
Authors: Syahputra Irham 
Published: October 2022

Implementasi akad Murabahah dan Istishna dalam produk KPR Syariah akan menghilangkan unsur Riba (Bunga) dikarenakan transaksi dilakukan langsung kepada kedua belah pihak tanpa ada pihak ketiga yaitu bank (konvensional). Namun dalam pengimplementasian tersebut pihak bank dan pihak yang diberikan pembiayaan haruslah memahami tujuan dari adanya pembiayaan tersebut yaitu untuk memperolah falah sesuai dengan tujuan ekonomi islam. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk memahami prespektif filsafat ekonomi islam terhadap implementasi akad murabahah dan istishna dalam pembiayaan KPR syariah. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif dengan teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan data sekunder. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah (1) Bahwa bank syariah memiliki prinsip yang sama terhadap bank konvensional dalam pengadaan pembiayaan, (2) Pembiayaan KPR Syariah dengan akad murabahah dan Istishna memiliki kelebihannya masing-masing, (3) Pengimplementasian pembiayaan KPR Syariah khususnya di Indonesia haruslah kembali terhadap tujuan ekonomi islam.
PENERAPAN TAX PLANNING MELALUI DEDUCTIBLE DAN UNDEDUCTIBLE EXPENSE PADA PT.HALUAN NATURA, MEDAN
Authors: Elidawati  , Ng Niken Cristian , Harahap Sunarji 
Published: October 2022

PT.Haluan Natura, Medan is a company engaged in the tire trade. The phenomenon that occurs in company is that company carry out fiscal reconciliation before tax reporting. However, the company does not do tax planning first, as a result there are costs that should be used as deductible expense instead it must be corrected because it is still included in the undeductible expense category. This study uses quantitative descriptive methods, namely describing the problems that occur by using quantitative data from financial statements. The results showed that the fiscal reconciliation at PT.Haluan Natura, Medan included corrections to donations that were not in accordance with tax regulations, corrections to allowances that were not included in the income tax component of article 21, corrections to depreciation costs on assets used for certain positions, and correction of bank interest income and bank interest tax.
Keywords: Tax Planning, Deductible, Undeductible Expense.
Clinicopathologic Analysis of Kikuchi-Fujimoto Disease and Etiologic Exploration Using Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing
Authors: Wang Wei , Huang Sixia , Nong Lin , Li Xin , Li Dong , Zhang Bo , Li Ting 
Published: October 2022

Context.—
Kikuchi-Fujimoto lymphadenitis, also known as Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease (KFD), is a self-limited lymphoproliferative disease, with no definitive causative agent confirmed by traditional methods.

Objectives.—
To further explore the clinicopathologic features of KFD and clarify related pathogenic factors.

Design.—
A retrospective analysis was performed in a collection of KFD cases to review the clinical and histopathologic features, and metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) was used in 64 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues from patients with KFD.

Results.—
One hundred five of the 170 patients with KFD (61.8%) were female; 10 patients had autoimmune diseases. Four pathologic subtypes were classified: necrotic (45.9%, 78 of 170), phagocytic (32.4%, 55 of 170), proliferative (17.1%, 29 of 170), and xanthomatous (4.7%, 8 of 170). Patients younger than 40 years with unilateral cervical lymphadenopathy and small vessel fibrinous degeneration accounted for significant differences among the 4 pathologic subtypes (P &lt; .05). Among 64 patients with KFD, 9 had detectable bacterial or viral DNA—of 6 bacterial cases, 1 involved Chlamydia psittaci; while of 3 viral cases, 1 involved human beta herpesvirus 6B and 2 involved Epstein-Barr virus. No significant relationships were found between the pathologic subtypes and specific pathogens.

Conclusions.—
Only a small proportion of patients with KFD had autoimmune diseases or infections from specific pathogens, suggesting that KFD is likely a reactive lesion of lymph nodes to various circumstances. To our knowledge, this is the first and the largest study to detect pathogens with the use of mNGS on FFPE samples in KFD. Our study also further confirms that mNGS can be used on FFPE samples to detect potentially infectious agents in clinical settings.
Bird Migration with Visual Avian Navigation & Nest Nidification: The Spatial Linear Geometries Georeferencing Functionality
Authors: Basdekidou Chrysanthi 
Published: October 2022

Problem: Bird migration (eye): Georeferencing procedure with clues, rules, functionalities, and restrictions, for avian navigation and nest nidification.
Literature Knowledge: Computer vision (sensor): Robot self-referencing with the Perspective-n- Point pose estimation technique.
Aim: Hypothesis introduction and proving (“The birds also follow the same georeferencing procedure like robots in avian navigation and nest nidification”).
Methodology: (a) Reference data, images, and photography acquisition and 4-means layering (eBird dataset, Flickr imagery, CORINE land covering, and Volunteered Geographic Information);
(b) Image processing; and (c) GIS spatial overlay analysis.
Results: Statistical spatial analysis using data of the GIS overlays (the 4 layers). Correlation matrix (Avian navigation and nest nidification in low-density urban areas as these are affected by spatial linear geometries and land cover types).
Conclusion: A statistically satisfactory approach to the introduced hypothesis.
Potential Applications: Human spatial cognition and movement behavior; Children’s motor control and coordination.
Potential‐Driven Semiconductor‐to‐Metal Transition in Monolayer Transition Metal Dichalcogenides
Authors: Zhang Quan , Zhang Yang , Gao Guoping , Zhang Shengli 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe potential‐driven semiconductor‐to‐metal transition is investigated in monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides by employing a new proposed method, i.e., the fixed‐potential method (FPM). Under the same voltage, the semiconducting and metallic phases will be charged differently due to their different electronic properties. The potential‐driven phase transition process is simulated by the injection of unequal electrons in the semiconducting and metallic phases. The unequal electron injection is more consistent with the actual experimental process, although equal electron injection also can theoretically induce a phase transition. MoTe2 is chosen as a prototypical example to examine the physical mechanism. When the fixed electrode potential is above the potential of zero‐charge, excess electrons are injected into the metallic 1T’ phase instead of the semiconducting 2H phase, stabilizing the 1T’ phase. In addition, the potential‐dependent kinetics, in which the charge transfer is fluctuating, suggests that increasing the electrode potential will decrease the kinetic barrier of the 2H→1T’ transition process. The calculated relative transition voltage of 2.5 V agrees well with the experimental results, demonstrating the validity of the FPM. This study provides new insight into potential‐driven semiconductor‐to‐metal phase transitions and suggests a new theoretical approach for studies under constant voltage conditions.
A Monolithic Stochastic Computing Architecture for Energy Efficient Arithmetic
Authors: Ravichandran Harikrishnan , Zheng Yikai , Schranghamer Thomas F , Trainor Nicholas , Redwing Joan M. , Das Saptarshi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAs the energy and hardware investments necessary for conventional high‐precision digital computing continue to explode in the era of artificial intelligence (AI), a change in paradigm that can trade precision for energy and resource efficiency is being sought for many computing applications. Stochastic computing (SC) is an attractive alternative since, unlike digital computers, which require many logic gates and a high transistor volume to perform basic arithmetic operations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, sorting, etc., SC can implement the same using simple logic gates. While it is possible to accelerate SC using traditional silicon complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS) technology, the need for extensive hardware investment to generate stochastic bits (s‐bits), the fundamental computing primitive for SC, makes it less attractive. Memristor and spin‐based devices offer natural randomness but depend on hybrid designs involving CMOS peripherals for accelerating SC, which increases area and energy burden. Here, the limitations of existing and emerging technologies are overcome, and a standalone SC architecture embedded in memory and based on 2D memtransistors is experimentally demonstrated. The monolithic and non‐von‐Neumann SC architecture occupies a small hardware footprint and consumes a miniscule amount of energy (<1 nJ) for both s‐bit generation and arithmetic operations, highlighting the benefits of SC.
Solar‐Driven Reversible Hydrogen Storage
Authors: Zhang Xiaoyue , Sun Yahui , Ju Shunlong , Ye Jikai , Hu Xuechun , Chen Wei , Yao Long , Xia Guanglin , Fang Fang , Sun Dalin , Yu Xuebin 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe lack of safe and efficient hydrogen storage is a major bottleneck for large‐scale application of hydrogen energy. Reversible hydrogen storage of light‐weight metal hydrides with high theoretical gravimetric and volumetric hydrogen density is one ideal solution but requires extremely high operating temperature with large energy input. Herein, taking MgH2 as an example, a concept is demonstrated to achieve solar‐driven reversible hydrogen storage of metal hydrides via coupling the photothermal effect and catalytic role of Cu nanoparticles uniformly distributed on the surface of MXene nanosheets (Cu@MXene). The photothermal effect of Cu@MXene, coupled with the “heat isolator” role of MgH2 indued by its poor thermal conductivity, effectively elevates the temperature of MgH2 upon solar irradiation. The “hydrogen pump” effect of Ti and TiHx species that are in situ formed on the surface of MXene from the reduction of MgH2, on the other hand, plays a catalytic role in effectively alleviating the kinetic barrier and hence decreasing the operating temperature required for reversible hydrogen adsorption and desorption of MgH2. Based on the combination of photothermal and catalytic effect of Cu@MXene, a reversible hydrogen storage capacity of 5.9 wt% is achieved for MgH2 after 30 cycles using solar irradiation as the only energy source.