bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between metabolic syndrome and radiographic spine osteoarthritis: Cross‐sectional analysis using data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Authors: Kim Seong‐Kyu , Choe Jung‐Yoon 
Published: January 2022

AbstractObjectiveA relationship between spine osteoarthritis (OA) and metabolic syndrome has not been established. This study evaluated whether metabolic syndrome is associated with radiographic spine OA in the Korean population.MethodsA total of 2252 subjects older than 50 years who underwent plain radiography of the lumbar spine during the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2012 were enrolled. Radiographic grading of the lumbar spine was performed using the Kellgren‐Lawrence (K‐L) grading scale, ranging from grade 0 to grade 2. K‐L grade 2 was defined as lumbar spine OA, while those of K‐L grade 0 or 1 were defined as controls.ResultsThe prevalence of spine OA was 28.1% (n = 689). The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in spine OA was not different from that among controls. The cumulative number of metabolic syndrome components was significantly different between spine OA and controls (P = .027). Subjects with K‐L grade 1 or grade 2 showed higher proportion of metabolic syndrome and its cumulative components than those of K‐L grade 0. Two or 3 or more metabolic syndrome components were significantly associated with spine OA (P = .012 and P = .010, respectively). Abnormal waist circumference was weakly associated with spine OA (odds ratio 1.233, 95% CI 1.000‐1.520, P = .050). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that older age and female gender were linked with spine OA, but not metabolic syndrome.ConclusionThis study found lack of association between metabolic syndrome and radiographic spine OA.
Learning and investment under demand uncertainty in container shipping
Authors: Jeon Jihye 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis article investigates the role of demand uncertainty in explaining cyclical investment fluctuations in the container shipping industry. I develop and estimate a dynamic oligopoly model with learning in which firms choose investment and scrapping. In this model, firms are uncertain about the true parameters in the underlying process for demand, and form and revise their beliefs using available information. Counterfactual analysis reveals that uncertainty about the demand process amplifies investment cycles through (i) leading firms to revise beliefs more drastically as they experience demand fluctuations, and (ii) intensifying strategic incentives among firms.
Do Sell‐Side Analysts Play a Role in Hedge Fund Activism? Evidence from Textual Analysis*
Authors: Chen Huimin (Amy) , Shohfi Thomas D. 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACTWe investigate variation in information production by sell‐side analysts and its potential role in hedge fund activist intervention, an important external corporate governance mechanism that creates shareholder value. Using textual analysis to derive an activism dictionary from intervention objectives and tactics, we find substantially more activism content in pre‐intervention analyst reports of target firms than propensity score matched control firms. Activism content is associated with more detailed reports containing more quantitative information. Target firm intervention‐date stock returns are significantly higher when activist intention (13D) filings are supported by reports with more general and objective‐specific activism content. Of activists' public letters to stakeholders, 31.9% directly mention sell‐side analysis, amplifying the association between target returns and analyst report information. The relationship between analyst information and activism returns is robust to using brokerage closures as an exogenous shock and is consistent with analyst incentives. Activist funds with no prior disclosed position in target firms and more experienced funds capture higher returns from sell‐side information. Overall, our results suggest sell‐side analysts play a significant informational role in supporting hedge fund activism.
The Impact of Control Systems on Corporate Innovation†
Authors: Miller Brian P. , Sheneman Amy G. , Williams Brian M. 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACTThis study examines the impact of control systems on corporate innovation. Innovation is key to firm performance and growth, allowing corporations to stay competitive in their industry. We expect control systems to improve information flows within the firm by allowing managers to better identify and patent their most valuable intellectual property. Despite our prediction that control systems positively impact innovation, a priori, this relation is unclear as these same control systems may create an overly restrictive bureaucratic environment that may mitigate the benefits of effective controls for innovation. Using various measures of control system quality, we find evidence that effective control systems are associated with more innovation. Overall, the results of our study suggest effective control systems are associated with the ability of a firm to leverage its innovative projects. Our results suggest that corporations with effective control systems are more likely to be able to react to market and technology changes by ensuring their best ideas are patented.
Are investments in material corporate social responsibility issues a key driver of financial performance?
Authors: Badía Guillermo , Gómez‐Bezares Fernando , Ferruz Luis 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn this study, we address a lesser‐studied aspect of corporate social responsibility (CSR): distinguishing between investments in material versus immaterial CSR issues. The financial performance of stock portfolios formed according to material and general CSR issues is examined over the period 2007 to 2018 in the European Union and the United States. We find that materiality is relevant to finding the best and worst firms both in terms of CSR and financial performance, more significantly in the EU than in the US market. However, general CSR scores, including material and immaterial issues, do not discriminate the best firms.
Vegetation phenology in the Argentinean Wet Chaco: Assessing seasonality and precipitation dependence throughNDVI MODIStime series (2000–2018)
Authors: Bigerna Marina , Bazylenko Andriy , Torrella Sebastián 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPlant phenology, that is, the timing of plant growth and development, is sensitive to climate and land‐use changes. Despite its importance in the context of global change, little is known about the plant phenology of subtropical regions. In the Argentinean Wet Chaco region, which is currently under high pressure due to land‐use intensification, the phenology patterns of its natural land covers are remarkably understudied. This important aspect of vegetation functioning can be effectively monitored through indices based on satellite imagery, such as the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). Thus, in this work, we used the NDVI from MODIS imagery to analyse plant phenology in the Argentinean Wet Chaco and discuss its implications in the current context of global change. NDVI time series were analysed for the period 2000–2018 for the following plant categories: riparian forest, forest islet, dense and open palm savanna and flooding grassland. Their seasonality and precipitation marginal response (PMR) were also assessed. The riparian forest presented the highest NDVI annual mean values and lowest PMR, followed by the forest islet. The flooding grassland presented the highest seasonality and palm savannas the highest precipitation dependence, with even higher PMR values in drier years. Climate change models predict an increase in precipitation in the region. If this occurs, palm savannas and flooding grasslands could present a more stable phenology. This would imply better conditions for cattle grazing and would, thus, reinforce the current land‐use pressure. On the contrary, this increase in precipitation would not have an impact over the photosynthetic activity of both types of forest, since our results suggest that this parameter is not limited by rainfall. In the current context of climate change and land‐use intensification, the results obtained provide key knowledge for a better use, management and conservation of the environments of the Argentinean Wet Chaco.Abstract in Spanish is available with online material.
Editorial: concurrent fatty liver and chronic viral hepatitis: a dual calamity leading to increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma?
Authors: Wang Jennifer , Pillai Anjana A. 
Published: January 2022

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Kim et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16706 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16765
Editorial: global liver fat accumulation and global health–towards a sustainable development goal
Authors: Ayonrinde Oyekoya T. , Van Rooyen Derrick M. 
Published: January 2022

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Lazarus et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16720 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16768
Letter: combination of common and novel rare NUDT15 variants should also be considered—authors' reply
Authors: Chao Kang , Zhu Xia , Gao Xiang 
Published: January 2022

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Chao et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16600 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16719
Letter: loss of response to anti‐TNFα agents depends on treatment duration in patients with inflammatory bowel disease—authors' reply
Authors: Mahmoud Remi , Schultheiss Johannes P. D. , Fidder Herma H. , Oldenburg Bas 
Published: January 2022

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Schultheiss et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16605 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16713
Editorial: concurrent fatty liver and chronic viral hepatitis: a dual calamity leading to increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma? Authors' reply
Authors: Kim Mi Na , Ahn Sang Hoon 
Published: January 2022

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Kim et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16706 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16732
Editorial: global liver fat accumulation and global health—towards a sustainable development goal. Authors' reply
Authors: Lazarus Jeffrey V. , Mark Henry E. , Rinella Mary E. , Colombo Massimo 
Published: January 2022

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Lazarus et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16720 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16750
CenteringPregnancy in the Netherlands: Who engages, who doesn’t, and why
Authors: Wagijo Mary‐ann R. , Crone Mathilde R. , van Zwicht Birgit S. , van Lith Jan M. M. , Schindler Rising Sharon , Rijnders Marlies E. B. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundCenteringPregnancy (CP), a model of group antenatal care, was implemented in 2012 in the Netherlands to improve perinatal health; CP is associated with improved pregnancy outcomes. However, motivating women to participate in CP can be difficult. As such, we explored the characteristics associated with CP uptake and attendance and then investigated whether participation differs between health care facilities. In addition, we examined the reasons why women may decline participation and the reasons for higher or lower attendance rates.MethodsData from a stepped‐wedge cluster randomized controlled trial were used. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to determine associations among women's health behavior, sociodemographic and psychosocial characteristics, health care facilities, and participation and attendance in CP.ResultsA total of 2562 women were included in the study, and the average participation rate was 31.6% per health care facility (range of 10%‐53%). Nulliparous women, women <26 years old or >30 years old, and women reporting average or high levels of stress were more likely to participate in CP. Participation was less likely for women who had stopped smoking before prenatal intake, or who scored below average on lifestyle/pregnancy knowledge. For those participating in CP, 87% attended seven or more out of the 10 sessions, and no significant differences were found in women's characteristics when compared for higher or lower attendance rates. After the initial uptake, group attendance rates remained high.ConclusionA more comprehensive understanding of the variation in participation rate between health care facilities is required, in order to develop effective strategies to improve the recruitment of women, especially those with less knowledge and understanding of health issues and smoking habits.
LncSIK1 enhanced the sensitivity of AML cells to retinoic acid by the E2F1/autophagy pathway
Authors: Wang Ke , Liu Jun‐da , Deng Ge , Ou Zi‐yao , Li Shu‐fang , Xu Xiao‐ling , Zhang Mei‐Ju , Peng Xiao‐Qing , Chen Fei‐hu 
Published: January 2022

AbstractObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate the biological impacts and possible mechanisms of a novel lncRNA, LncSIK1, in AML progression and retinoic acid‐regulated AML cell development.Materials and MethodsThe expression pattern of LncSIK1 was evaluated by qPCR and fluorescence in situ hybridization. CCK‐8 assay, immunofluorescence, Wright‐Giemsa staining, flow cytometry and Western blotting were performed to assess cell proliferation and differentiation. Bioluminescence imaging and H&E staining were used to detect AML progression in vivo. RNA or chromatin immunoprecipitation assays were conducted to measure the interaction of E2F1 and LncSIK1 or the LC3 and DRAM promoters. Autophagy was measured by transmission electron microscopy and Western blotting.ResultsLncSIK1 was silenced in bone marrow mononuclear cells from AML patients compared with those from healthy donors. LncSIK1 strengthened the effect of retinoic acid in inducing cell differentiation and inhibiting cell proliferation in AML cells. Moreover, the silencing of LncSIK1 was critical to maintaining AML leukaemogenesis, as LncSIK1 enhancement retarded AML progression in vivo. Mechanistically, in NB4 cells, LncSIK1 recruited the E2F1 protein to the promoters of LC3 and DRAM and induced autophagy‐dependent degradation of the oncoprotein PML‐RARa. However, LncSIK1 blocked E2F1 expression and the E2F1‐mediated transcription of LC3 and DRAM, thereby relieving aggressive autophagy in Molm13 cells.ConclusionsTaken together, these data indicated that LncSIK1 was an important regulator of AML development through regulating the E2F1/autophagy signalling pathway.
Diagnostic preferences include discussion of etiology for adults with cerebral palsy and their caregivers
Authors: Aravamuthan Bhooma R. , Shusterman Michele , Green Snyder Leeanne , Lemmon Monica E. , Bain Jennifer M. , Gross Paul ,   For Simons Searchlight,   For the Cerebral Palsy Research Network
Published: January 2022

AbstractAimTo determine the views of individuals with cerebral palsy (CP) and their caregivers (CP community members) about carrying a CP diagnosis, an etiological diagnosis, or both diagnoses together.MethodWe surveyed CP community members across two registries querying their views on carrying a CP diagnosis, one type of etiological diagnosis (specifically, a genetic diagnosis), or both. Open‐ended responses were analyzed using a conventional content analysis approach.ResultsOf 197 respondents (108 adults with CP and 89 caregivers), most (75%) valued knowing the cause of their CP. Of those with a diagnostic preference, most preferred carrying both CP and etiological diagnoses together (68%). When compared with carrying an etiological diagnosis alone, significantly more respondents felt a CP diagnosis helped anticipate symptom evolution (84% vs 54%), explain symptoms to others (86% vs 48%), access services (86% vs 48%), and join support communities (78% vs 50%) (p < 0.01, χ2 test).InterpretationMost CP community members surveyed want to know the cause of their CP and would prefer carrying both CP and etiological diagnoses together. Clinical practice should evolve to meet these community needs.
User‐driven open‐source artificial pancreas systems and patient‐reported outcomes: A missed opportunity?
Authors: Vallis Michael , Holt Richard I. G. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAimThis paper aims to highlight the attributes of engagement and urgency to act to control diabetes demonstrated by open‐source artificial pancreas system users with the view that increased user involvement in research and practice can capitalize on these self‐management traits; and to outline the challenges of researching outcomes in the context of unlicensed therapies.MethodsA group of technically minded people with type 1 diabetes have reverse‐engineered commercially available diabetes devices to help them achieve the diabetes outcomes they desire. Although studies have reported improved biomedical outcomes with these artificial pancreas systems, there are only a few studies examining patient‐reported outcomes.ResultsThe investigation of patient‐reported outcomes for open‐source artificial pancreas system users has been hampered by the rapid advances in the technology, the lack of randomized controlled trials and the ethical challenges of researching unregulated technologies. There is an on‐going debate about the most appropriate types of measures to evaluate patient‐related outcomes.ConclusionsThe early adopters of open‐source artificial pancreas systems exhibit many of the characteristics that predict optimal diabetes outcomes through engagement and urgency regarding self‐management. These qualities should be harnessed to improve research in this and other areas of diabetes management.
Identification of the missing links in parasite–host networks using the dark diversity concept: a case study with two taxonomic groups of ectoparasitic arthropods and small mammalian hosts
Authors: Krasnov Boris R. , Vinarski Maxim V. , Korallo‐Vinarskaya Natalia P. , Shenbrot Georgy I. , Khokhlova Irina S. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractDark diversity (DD) is represented by species that may potentially inhabit a locality but are absent. We applied this approach to identify missing species and links in the interaction networks of fleas and gamasid mites with small mammals and asked (a) which factors affect host, parasite or interaction (= link) DD and (b) whether the probability of an interaction to be missing is associated with the host and/or the parasite traits.The DD of both parasite taxa increased with an increase in host DD. The DD of interactions increased with an increase in the DD of the respective parasite taxon. The quantity of missing flea–host links was affected by environment, whereas that of mite–host links was affected by host DD.The values of the probability of an interaction to belong to DD were similar (= repeatable) within host and flea, but not mite, species. The probability of a flea–host and a mite–host interaction to be missing was higher if social hosts that possessed complex shelter, had low population densities but large geographic ranges.The probability of a flea–host interaction to be missing was higher if a flea species was not abundant and preferred to spend most of its life on either the body or nest of its host but not both.In conclusion, we propose a relatively simple way to apply the dark diversity concept to assess the quantity of missing links in parasite–host networks, to identify these links, and to relate the probability of a link to be missing with parasite and/or host traits.
Dental student oral surgery training—Comparing the impact of COVID‐19 and cohort sizes
Authors: Thorpe Andrew Raymond Darren Scott , Hsu Joyce , Carter Eric Francis , Ullah Mafaz , Cox Stephen Clive 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIntroductionThe response to the COVID‐19 pandemic potentially reduced the clinical experience and academic education of dental trainees through reduced supervised clinical sessions. Graduating dental students, future employers and regulators may be concerned over the level of clinical experience of graduates trained within the COVID‐19 pandemic. The purpose of this study was to try and document the evidence for, and significance of, this impact.Materials and MethodsFrom dental student data in the 2017, 2018, 2019 and 2020 cohorts attending the University of Sydney, Australia, the number of dental extractions and adjunct oral surgery procedures, as well as final end‐of‐year examination results, was recorded. Results were compared to determine whether differences in experience and final academic achievement existed between these cohorts.ResultsThe smallest student cohort, 2017, demonstrated greater clinical experience than the 2018, 2019 and 2020 cohorts. The 2020 COVID‐19‐affected cohort demonstrated no statistically significant reduction in clinical experience in all measured clinical procedures when compared to the 2018 and 2019 cohorts. The decrease in city teaching hospital clinical experience was compensated by an increase in rural placements. The 2020 cohort achieved the lowest academic results, and this was statistically significant.ConclusionThe oral surgery clinical experience of the 2020 dental cohort at the University of Sydney was comparable to prior cohorts. Rural clinics were able to compensate for COVID‐19 interruptions to clinical training. The number of students in a cohort, if all other variables remain constant, appeared to affect clinical exposure to a greater extent than COVID‐19.
Leapfrog dynamics in phage‐bacteria coevolution revealed by joint analysis of cross‐infection phenotypes and whole genome sequencing
Authors: Gupta Animesh , Peng Shengyun , Leung Chung Yin , Borin Joshua M. , Medina Sarah J. , Weitz Joshua S. , Meyer Justin R. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractViruses and their hosts can undergo coevolutionary arms races where hosts evolve increased resistance and viruses evolve counter‐resistance. Given these arms race dynamics (ARD), both players are predicted to evolve along a single trajectory as more recently evolved genotypes replace their predecessors. By coupling phenotypic and genomic analyses of coevolving populations of bacteriophage λ and Escherichia coli, we find conflicting evidence for ARD. Virus‐host infection phenotypes fit the ARD model, yet genomic analyses revealed fluctuating selection dynamics. Rather than coevolution unfolding along a single trajectory, cryptic genetic variation emerges and is maintained at low frequency for generations until it eventually supplants dominant lineages. These observations suggest a hybrid ‘leapfrog’ dynamic, revealing weaknesses in the predictive power of standard coevolutionary models. The findings shed light on the mechanisms that structure coevolving ecological networks and reveal the limits of using phenotypic or genomic data alone to differentiate coevolutionary dynamics.