bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sharing the effort of the European Green Deal among countries
Authors: Steininger Karl W. , Williges Keith , Meyer Lukas H. , Maczek Florian , Riahi Keywan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn implementing the European Green Deal to align with the Paris Agreement, the EU has raised its climate ambition and in 2022 is negotiating the distribution of increased mitigation effort among Member States. Such partitioning of targets among subsidiary entities is becoming a major challenge for implementation of climate policies around the globe. We contrast the 2021 European Commission proposal - an allocation based on a singular country attribute - with transparent and reproducible methods based on three ethical principles. We go beyond traditional effort-sharing literature and explore allocations representing an aggregated least regret compromise between different EU country perspectives on a fair allocation. While the 2021 proposal represents a nuanced compromise for many countries, for others a further redistribution could be considered equitable. Whereas we apply our approach within the setting of the EU negotiations, the framework can easily be adapted to inform debates worldwide on sharing mitigation effort among subsidiary entities.
Cancer cells dying from ferroptosis impede dendritic cell-mediated anti-tumor immunity
Authors: Wiernicki Bartosz , Maschalidi Sophia , Pinney Jonathan , Adjemian Sandy , Vanden Berghe Tom , Ravichandran Kodi S. , Vandenabeele Peter 
Published: June 2022

AbstractImmunogenic cell death significantly contributes to the success of anti-cancer therapies, but immunogenicity of different cell death modalities widely varies. Ferroptosis, a form of cell death that is characterized by iron accumulation and lipid peroxidation, has not yet been fully evaluated from this perspective. Here we present an inducible model of ferroptosis, distinguishing three phases in the process—‘initial’ associated with lipid peroxidation, ‘intermediate’ correlated with ATP release and ‘terminal’ recognized by HMGB1 release and loss of plasma membrane integrity—that serves as tool to study immune cell responses to ferroptotic cancer cells. Co-culturing ferroptotic cancer cells with dendritic cells (DC), reveals that ‘initial’ ferroptotic cells decrease maturation of DC, are poorly engulfed, and dampen antigen cross-presentation. DC loaded with ferroptotic, in contrast to necroptotic, cancer cells fail to protect against tumor growth. Adding ferroptotic cancer cells to immunogenic apoptotic cells dramatically reduces their prophylactic vaccination potential. Our study thus shows that ferroptosis negatively impacts antigen presenting cells and hence the adaptive immune response, which might hinder therapeutic applications of ferroptosis induction.
A unique Co@CoO catalyst for hydrogenolysis of biomass-derived 5-hydroxymethylfurfural to 2,5-dimethylfuran
Authors: Xiang Shuang , Dong Lin , Wang Zhi-Qiang , Han Xue , Daemen Luke L. , Li Jiong , Cheng Yongqiang , Guo Yong , Liu Xiaohui , Hu Yongfeng , Ramirez-Cuesta Anibal J. , Yang Sihai , Gong Xue-Qing , Wang Yanqin 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe development of precious-metal-free catalysts to promote the sustainable production of fuels and chemicals from biomass remains an important and challenging target. Here, we report the efficient hydrogenolysis of biomass-derived 5-hydroxymethylfurfural to 2,5-dimethylfuran over a unique core-shell structured catalyst, Co@CoO that affords the highest productivity among all catalysts, including noble-metal-based catalysts, reported to date. Surprisingly, we find that the catalytically active sites reside on the shell of CoO with oxygen vacancies rather than the metallic Co. The combination of various spectroscopic experiments and computational modelling reveals that the CoO shell incorporating oxygen vacancies not only drives the heterolytic cleavage, but also the homolytic cleavage of H2 to yield more active Hδ− species, resulting in the exceptional catalytic activity. Co@CoO also exhibits excellent activity toward the direct hydrodeoxygenation of lignin model compounds. This study unlocks, for the first time, the potential of simple metal-oxide-based catalysts for the hydrodeoxygenation of renewable biomass to chemical feedstocks.
Light-induced charge generation in polymeric nanoparticles restores vision in advanced-stage retinitis pigmentosa rats
Authors: Francia S. , Shmal D. , Di Marco S. , Chiaravalli G. , Maya-Vetencourt J. F. , Mantero G. , Michetti C. , Cupini S. , Manfredi G. , DiFrancesco M. L. , Rocchi A. , Perotto S. , Attanasio M. , Sacco R. , Bisti S. , Mete M. , Pertile G. , Lanzani G. , Colombo E. , Benfenati F. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractRetinal dystrophies such as Retinitis pigmentosa are among the most prevalent causes of inherited legal blindness, for which treatments are in demand. Retinal prostheses have been developed to stimulate the inner retinal network that, initially spared by degeneration, deteriorates in the late stages of the disease. We recently reported that conjugated polymer nanoparticles persistently rescue visual activities after a single subretinal injection in the Royal College of Surgeons rat model of Retinitis pigmentosa. Here we demonstrate that conjugated polymer nanoparticles can reinstate physiological signals at the cortical level and visually driven activities when microinjected in 10-months-old Royal College of Surgeons rats bearing fully light-insensitive retinas. The extent of visual restoration positively correlates with the nanoparticle density and hybrid contacts with second-order retinal neurons. The results establish the functional role of organic photovoltaic nanoparticles in restoring visual activities in fully degenerate retinas with intense inner retina rewiring, a stage of the disease in which patients are subjected to prosthetic interventions.
Hsp multichaperone complex buffers pathologically modified Tau
Authors: Moll Antonia , Ramirez Lisa Marie , Ninov Momchil , Schwarz Juliane , Urlaub Henning , Zweckstetter Markus 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAlzheimer’s disease is a neurodegenerative disorder in which misfolding and aggregation of pathologically modified Tau is critical for neuronal dysfunction and degeneration. The two central chaperones Hsp70 and Hsp90 coordinate protein homeostasis, but the nature of the interaction of Tau with the Hsp70/Hsp90 machinery has remained enigmatic. Here we show that Tau is a high-affinity substrate of the human Hsp70/Hsp90 machinery. Complex formation involves extensive intermolecular contacts, blocks Tau aggregation and depends on Tau’s aggregation-prone repeat region. The Hsp90 co-chaperone p23 directly binds Tau and stabilizes the multichaperone/substrate complex, whereas the E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase CHIP efficiently disassembles the machinery targeting Tau to proteasomal degradation. Because phosphorylated Tau binds the Hsp70/Hsp90 machinery but is not recognized by Hsp90 alone, the data establish the Hsp70/Hsp90 multichaperone complex as a critical regulator of Tau in neurodegenerative diseases.
GenomicSuperSignature facilitates interpretation of RNA-seq experiments through robust, efficient comparison to public databases
Authors: Oh Sehyun , Geistlinger Ludwig , Ramos Marcel , Blankenberg Daniel , van den Beek Marius , Taroni Jaclyn N. , Carey Vincent J. , Greene Casey S. , Waldron Levi , Davis Sean 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMillions of transcriptomic profiles have been deposited in public archives, yet remain underused for the interpretation of new experiments. We present a method for interpreting new transcriptomic datasets through instant comparison to public datasets without high-performance computing requirements. We apply Principal Component Analysis on 536 studies comprising 44,890 human RNA sequencing profiles and aggregate sufficiently similar loading vectors to form Replicable Axes of Variation (RAV). RAVs are annotated with metadata of originating studies and by gene set enrichment analysis. Functionality to associate new datasets with RAVs, extract interpretable annotations, and provide intuitive visualization are implemented as the GenomicSuperSignature R/Bioconductor package. We demonstrate the efficient and coherent database search, robustness to batch effects and heterogeneous training data, and transfer learning capacity of our method using TCGA and rare diseases datasets. GenomicSuperSignature aids in analyzing new gene expression data in the context of existing databases using minimal computing resources.
Structural basis for defective membrane targeting of mutant enzyme in human VLCAD deficiency
Authors: Prew Michelle S. , Camara Christina M. , Botzanowski Thomas , Moroco Jamie A. , Bloch Noah B. , Levy Hannah R. , Seo Hyuk-Soo , Dhe-Paganon Sirano , Bird Gregory H. , Herce Henry D. , Gygi Micah A. , Escudero Silvia , Wales Thomas E. , Engen John R. , Walensky Loren D. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractVery long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (VLCAD) is an inner mitochondrial membrane enzyme that catalyzes the first and rate-limiting step of long-chain fatty acid oxidation. Point mutations in human VLCAD can produce an inborn error of metabolism called VLCAD deficiency that can lead to severe pathophysiologic consequences, including cardiomyopathy, hypoglycemia, and rhabdomyolysis. Discrete mutations in a structurally-uncharacterized C-terminal domain region of VLCAD cause enzymatic deficiency by an incompletely defined mechanism. Here, we conducted a structure-function study, incorporating X-ray crystallography, hydrogen-deuterium exchange mass spectrometry, computational modeling, and biochemical analyses, to characterize a specific membrane interaction defect of full-length, human VLCAD bearing the clinically-observed mutations, A450P or L462P. By disrupting a predicted α-helical hairpin, these mutations either partially or completely impair direct interaction with the membrane itself. Thus, our data support a structural basis for VLCAD deficiency in patients with discrete mutations in an α-helical membrane-binding motif, resulting in pathologic enzyme mislocalization.
Future Southern Ocean warming linked to projected ENSO variability
Authors: Wang Guojian , Cai Wenju , Santoso Agus , Wu Lixin , Fyfe John C. , Yeh Sang-Wook , Ng Benjamin , Yang Kai , McPhaden Michael J. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe Southern Ocean is a primary heat sink that buffers atmospheric warming and has warmed substantially, accounting for an outsized portion of global warming-induced excess heat in the climate system. However, its projected warming is highly uncertain and varies substantially across climate models. Here, using outputs from Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase six models, we show that Southern Ocean warming during the twenty-first century is linked to the change in amplitude of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Models simulating a larger increase in ENSO amplitude systematically produce a slower Southern Ocean warming; conversely, a smaller increase in ENSO amplitude sees a stronger warming. The asymmetry in amplitude and teleconnection between El Niño and La Niña produce cumulative surface wind anomalies over the southern high latitudes, impacting Southern Ocean heat uptake. The magnitude of inter-model ENSO variations accounts for about 50% of the uncertainty in the projected Southern Ocean warming.
Second-look arthroscopic and magnetic resonance analysis after internal fixation of osteochondral lesions of the talus
Authors: Choi Young Rak , Kim Bom Soo , Kim Yu Mi , Park Jae Yong , Cho Jae Ho , Ahn Joong Taek , Kim Hyong Nyun 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to evaluate cartilage quality after internal fixation of osteochondral lesion of the talus (OLT) using second-look arthroscopies and MRIs. Thirty-four patients underwent internal fixation of OLTs involving large bone fragments. Twenty-one of these patients underwent second-look arthroscopies and 23 patients underwent MRIs postoperatively. The arthroscopic findings were assessed using the International Cartilage Repair Society (ICRS) grading system, and the MRI findings were evaluated using the Magnetic Resonance Observation of Cartilage Repair Tissue (MOCART) score. Five of the patients who underwent second-look arthroscopies showed normal cartilage, 12 showed nearly normal cartilage, 3 showed abnormal cartilage, and 1 showed severely abnormal cartilage, according to the overall ICRS repair grades. All the patients who achieved bone fragment union showed normal, or nearly normal cartilage upon second-look arthroscopy. The ICRS and MOCART scores were significantly higher for the patients with bone fragment union compared to those with nonunion (ICRS scores: 10.3 ± 1.5 vs. 6.0 ± 2.0,p < 0.001, MOCART score: 88.3 ± 10.0 vs. 39.0 ± 20.4,p < 0.001). Low signal intensities of the bone fragments on preoperative T1-weighted MRIs were not associated with nonunion (Fisher's exact test,p = 0.55), and the signal intensities increased postoperatively to levels similar to the underlying talus when bone union was achieved. Second-look arthroscopy and MRI showed normal, or nearly normal, cartilage after internal fixation of OLTs when bone union was achieved. The nonunion of bone fragments resulted in inferior cartilage quality.
Size-dependent aerosol iron solubility in an urban atmosphere
Authors: Liu Lei , Li Weijun , Lin Qiuhan , Wang Yue , Zhang Jian , Zhu Yanhong , Yuan Qi , Zhou Shengzhen , Zhang Daizhou , Baldo Clarissa , Shi Zongbo 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSize distribution of aerosol iron (Fe) concentration and solubility determines their environmental and health impacts but they are rarely reported. In this study, size-resolved aerosol particles were collected in Hangzhou, a Chinese megacity upwind of the Asian outflow to the Pacific Ocean. Total and dissolved Fe collected under non-haze, haze, and dust conditions were determined. Results show that total Fe concentrations displayed a unimodal distribution peaking at 3.2–5.6 μm under non-haze and dust conditions, but a bimodal distribution under the haze condition peaking at 3.2–5.6 μm and 0.32–0.56 μm. Dissolved Fe under the non-haze, haze, and dust conditions all displayed bimodal size distributions with one peak in the fine-mode (0.056–1.0 μm) fraction and one peak in the coarse-mode (>1.0 μm) fraction. Fe enrichment factor in fine-mode particles under the haze condition is up to 17.8, suggesting a potential contribution from anthropogenic Fe. Fe solubility in total suspended particles under the haze condition (3.8%) is significantly higher than those under non-haze (2.6%) and particularly dust (0.5%) conditions. Furthermore, Fe solubilities in fine-mode particles under non-haze (10.8%) and haze (10.9%) conditions were much higher than those (1.5% and 2.4%) in coarse-mode particles. We found that Fe solubility was correlated positively with aerosol acidity and negatively with particle size from 0.32 to 5.6 μm. Individual particle analysis further reveals that nanosized iron oxides were internally mixed with acidic sulfates/nitrates under the haze condition. Our results indicate that the strong size dependence of aerosol Fe solubility is associated with the differences in sources of aerosol Fe and its acidic processing.
Anisotropic MagnetoMemristance
Authors: Caravelli Francesco , Iacocca Ezio , Chern Gia-Wei , Nisoli Cristano , de Araujo Clodoaldo I. L. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn the last decade, nanoscale resistive devices with memory have been the subject of intense study because of their possible use in brain-inspired computing. However, operational endurance is one of the limiting factors in the adoption of such technology. For this reason, we discuss the emergence of current-induced memristance in magnetic materials, known for their durability. We show analytically and numerically that a single ferromagnetic layer can possess GHz memristance, due to a combination of two factors: a current-induced transfer of angular momentum (Zhang-Li torque) and the anisotropic magnetoresistance (AMR). We term the resulting effect the anisotropic magneto-memristance (AMM). We connect the AMM to the topology of the magnetization state, within a simple model of a one-dimensional annulus-shaped magnetic layer, confirming the analytical results with micromagnetic simulations for permalloy. Our results open a new path towards the realization of single-layer magnetic memristive devices operating at GHz frequencies.
Air quality improvements are projected to weaken the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation through radiative forcing effects
Authors: Hassan Taufiq , Allen Robert J. , Liu Wei , Shim Sungbo , van Noije Twan , Le Sager Philippe , Oshima Naga , Deushi Makoto , Randles Cynthia A. , O’Connor Fiona M. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObservations indicate the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation-a fundamental component of the ocean’s global conveyor belt-is weakening. Although causes remain uncertain, such weakening is consistent with increasing greenhouse gases. Recent studies also suggest that anthropogenic emissions associated with air pollution can impact the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation. Here, we use four state-of-the-art chemistry-climate models to quantify how efforts to improve future air quality, via near-term climate forcer mitigation, will impact the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation. Future reductions in aerosols, ozone and precursor gases alone induces end-of-century weakening of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation by up to 10%. However, when methane reductions are also included, this weakening is offset. The responses are best explained by changes in the North Atlantic radiative forcing. Thus, efforts to improve air quality must also target methane and other greenhouse gases including carbon dioxide to avoid weakening of the world’s major ocean circulation system.
Long-Term Assessment of Bone Regeneration in Nonunion Fractures Treated with Compression-Resistant Matrix and Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 in Dogs
Authors: Castilla Andrea , Filliquist Barbro , Spriet Mathieu , Garcia Tanya C. , Arzi Boaz , Chou Po-Yen , Kapatkin Amy S. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to assess bone density, bone architecture and clinical function of canine nonunion distal appendicular long bone fractures with a defect treated with fixation, compression-resistant matrix and recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2).
Study Design Prospective cohort study with dogs at least 1-year post treatment. Computed tomography was performed and quantitative measurements from previous fracture sites were compared with measurements from contralateral limbs. Subjective evaluation included gait assessment and palpation.
Results Six patients met the inclusion criteria. The rhBMP-2 treated bone exhibited higher density at the periphery and lower density in the centre, similar to the contralateral limb. All patients were weight bearing on the treated limb and all fractures were healed.
Conclusion The rhBMP-2-treated bone underwent restoration of normal architecture and density. Acceptable limb function was present in all patients. The results of this study can serve as a basis for long-term response in treating nonunion fractures in veterinary patients.
On the interpretation of utterances with expressive expletives
Authors: Padilla Cruz Manuel 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Expressive adjectives or expressive expletives have been argued to voice the speaker’s attitude towards the referent of the noun with which they co-occur, even though the attitude may be felt to be expressed about the referent of another sentential constituent or the state of affairs alluded to in the sentence where they are inserted. A previous pragmatic approach suggests that this is possible because these expletives perform an individual speech act, while a syntactic approach posits a feature whose detachment from a particular constituent enables the speaker’s attitude to target the referent of another sentential constituent or even on the entire proposition expressed. This paper proposes an alternative relevance-theoretic account of the interpretation of utterances containing expressive expletives, which considers pragmatic factors and the cognitive processes in comprehension. It is grounded in contributions on the output of lexical pragmatic processes and the role of paralinguistic clues in utterance comprehension.
Onomatopoeia, translation and relevance
Authors: Sasamoto Ryoko 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
It is generally acknowledged that onomatopoeia poses challenges for translation. However, there is little research into the translation of onomatopoeia in Pragmatics. This study seeks to examine the nature of onomatopoeia and its implications for translation from the perspective of relevance theory, addressing, in particular, the following questions: (i) Can notions from pragmatics help to account for the perceived challenges involved in translating onomatopoeia? (ii) Would the showing-meaning nature affect the translation of onomatopoeia? (iii) What other factors result in difficulties in translating onomatopoeia and why? To this end, a corpus-based analysis of onomatopoeia was conducted using user-generated data provided by Cookpad Inc. Findings show that the relevance-theoretic notions of the showing-meaning continuum and perceptual resemblance can indeed help account for the perceived challenges in translating onomatopoeia. Findings also show that stylistic aspects, such as types of expressions and text types, also impact on the translation of onomatopoeia.
Quasinormal modes and Hawking radiation sparsity of GUP corrected black holes in bumblebee gravity with topological defects
Authors: Gogoi Dhruba Jyoti , Dev Goswami Umananda 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
We have obtained the Generalized Uncertainty Principle (GUP) corrected de
Sitter and anti-de Sitter black hole solutions in bumblebee gravity with a
topological defect. We have calculated the scalar, electromagnetic and
gravitational quasinormal modes for the both vanishing and non-vanishing
effective cosmological constant using Padé averaged sixth order WKB
approximation method. Apart from this, the time evolutions for all three
perturbations are studied, and quasinormal modes are calculated using the time
domain profile. We found that the first order and second order GUP parameters
α and β, respectively have opposite impacts on the quasinormal
modes. The study also finds that the
presence of a global monopole can decrease the quasinormal frequencies and the
decay rate significantly. On the other hand, Lorentz symmetry violation has
noticeable impacts on the quasinormal frequencies and the decay rate. We
have studied the greybody factors, power spectrum and sparsity of the black
hole with the vanishing effective cosmological constant for all the three
perturbations. The presence of Lorentz symmetry breaking and the GUP
parameter α decrease, while other GUP parameter β and the presence
of global monopole increase the probability of Hawking radiation to reach the
spatial infinity. The presence of Lorentz violation can make the black holes
less sparse, while the presence of a global monopole can increase the sparsity
of the black holes. Moreover, we have seen that the black hole area
quantization rule is modified by the presence of Lorentz symmetry breaking.