bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Outcome of Chronic Subdural Hematoma (SDH) In Terms of Recurrence with Drain and without Drain
Authors: Afridi Ehtisham Ahmed , Ihsan Adil , Naz Shabana , Ali Gohar , Ali Asghar , Khalid Shah 
Published: January 2022

Background/Objectives: Chronic subdural hematoma commonly reported in neurosurgical practices. Variations are reported in neurosurgical practices regarding the treatment of chronic subdural hematoma (SDH). This study determined the outcomes of SDH with Drain and without Drain in terms of recurrence and effectiveness.
Material and Methods: A randomized control trial was conducted in the Department of Neurosurgery Ayub Teaching Hospital Abbottabad. Group-A patients were subjected to drainage of chronic subdural hematoma without drain and Group-B patients were subjected to drainage with drain. All patients were followed up to one month for recurrence of subdural hematoma like on CT-scan.
Results: Overall, the recurrence of chronic subdural hematoma in both groups was seen in 16.7% of patients and the procedures were effective in 83.3% of patients. In Group A, 79.6% of patients were successfully treated through burr hole with irrigation, while 20.4% of patients had recurrent chronic SDH. In Group B, only 13% of patients had a recurrence, while 87% of patients were successfully treated with burr with the closed continuous drainage system. An insignificant difference (p-value: 0.302) existed between groups for both types of procedures.
Conclusion: The patients who were treated with burr hole and irrigation of the subdural space with normal saline had high recurrence incidence than those with burr hole with closed continuous drainage system.
The Role of Radiology (X-Ray versus Computed Tomography) in Medicolegal Cases Presented at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Pakistan
Authors: Altaf Rabail , Razaque Abdul , Hussain Mohsin , Memon Asghar Ali , Memon Imran khan , Pirya Nargis , Rehman Abdur , Abbas Kiran 
Published: January 2022

Objectives: A prospective observational study was aimed to assess the role of plain radiographs and computed tomography in detecting head injuries presented at the medicolegal office at the Forensics and Radiology Departments, Gambat Medical Hospital, Sindh.
Material and Methods: All cases referred from the Medicolegal Office (MLO) with head injury were included. All victims underwent X-ray head and computed tomography skull was done with 1 or 1.5 cm thick axial sections without administration of intravenous contrast. The radiological reports of X-ray head and CT scans were documented and comparatively evaluated.
Results: Mean age was 38.63 ± 3.91 years. In 51 (45.13%) cases, X-ray was able to detect skull fracture, while CT scan detected 64(56.64%) skull fractures. There were 54 (84.3%) true positives, 3 (2.6%) false positives, 10(8.8%) false negatives, and 40 (40.7%) true negatives. The accuracy of X-ray to detect skull fracture was 88.50%.
Conclusion: X-ray had a sensitivity and specificity of 84.38% and 93.88%, respectively. It is a reliable tool to detect skull fractures in victims of assault in comparison with CT scans. X-ray is also associated with low dose radiation exposure as compared with CT scan which delivers 70 times more exposure than the former.
Post-Operative Complications of Surgery for Chronic Subdural Hematoma (SDH) and Prevention
Authors: Smaija Shahid , Nawaz Feroze , Noor Sajjad , Ullah Habib , Bokhari Faisal , Ahmad Mumtaz 
Published: January 2022

Objective: The study aimed to determine the rate and type of complications during surgery for treatment of chronic subdural hematoma and assess ways for their prevention.
Material and Methods: A total of 50 patients of chronic SDH were selected from the Neurosurgery Department of Bahawal Victoria Hospital. Patients were treated surgically with a single burr hole evacuation under local anesthesia, introduced a subdural drain, nursed in a head-down position for 24 hours, and given plenty of fluids orally and intravenous route. The surgical technique involved a formation of a single burr hole at the point of maximum density.
Results: Out of 50, 43 patients recovered smoothly postoperatively and discharged on the 7th postoperative day. Two patients were re-operated due to inadequate evacuation or reaccumulation. One patient developed subdural empyema post-operatively and expired in spite of good antibiotic cover. In one patient subdural drain penetrated the brain parenchyma resulting in dysphasia. Another patient formed an intracerebral hematoma due to irrigation of the cavity with pressure. One patient with GCS 4/15 developed seizures postoperatively and expired after one hour. One patient developed gross subdural tension pneumocephalus after removing the subdural drain was re-operated and recovered.
Conclusion: Single burr hole evacuation of chronic SDH under local anesthesia is the most accepted surgical treatment. Using proper aseptic surgical techniques, the introduction of the minimum necessary length of the subdural catheter to avoid penetration into the brain parenchyma, followed by careful irrigation of the subdural cavity can help prevent complications.
Medico-Legal Cases (MLC) Presented at a Tertiary Care Center and Acute Symptoms of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder among the Survivors
Authors: Altaf Rabail , Shaikh Muhammad Rafique , Memon Asghar Ali , Pirya Nargis , Malik Farah , Jogi Muhammad Ayoub , Abbas Kiran 
Published: January 2022

Objectives: An observational, prospective study was conducted to determine the incidence and risk factors associated with victims of physical assault and symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
Material & Methods: All the registered medico-legal cases reported to the emergency department of Gambat hospital were included in the study. The data was collected on a predefined questionnaire including age, gender, mode of injury, weapon of the injury, type of assault (blunt or penetrating), firearm injuries, and road traffic accidents from medico-legal registers. Impact of Event Scale (IES) was used to assess Post-traumatic stress disorder.
Results: The mean age (SD) of victims was 29.3 (10.25) years. Blunt injuries were experienced by 47 (31.33%) victims. The majority of the victims suffered road traffic collision injuries, 59 (39.33%). Forty-eight (32%) victims had substantially higher IES scores (above 37) that confirmed severe PTSD that may contribute to the suppression of the immune system’s functioning among survivors. The majority of the victims were between 18 and 40 years.
Conclusion: The most common cases were related to road traffic collisions followed by blunt injuries. The incidence rate of PTSD was also prevalent in these individuals. Thus, strategies should be developed to prevent such incidents and those who suffer from such traumatic events must be offered psychiatric consultation.
Emergency Department Outcome of Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury – A Retrospective Study from Pakistan.
Authors: Yaqoob Uzair , Javeed Farrukh , Rehman Lal , Pahwani Mashika , Madni Sara , Uddin Muhammad Muizz 
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of global morbidity and mortality in both adults and children. As with other severe injuries, the outcome of TBIs is also gravely related to the quality of emergency care. Effective emergency care significantly contributes to reduced morbidity and mortality. This study was ensued to evaluate the characteristics of TBIs in Pakistan and their outcomes in the emergency department (ED).
Methods: This retrospective review included records of all TBI patients seen in the Neurosurgical ED of Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Karachi, Pakistan from 1st September 2019 till 7th December 2019.
Results: During the study period, 5,546 patients with TBI were seen in the ED; an estimated 56.5 patients per day. There were 4,054 (73.1%) male and 1,492 (26.9%) female patients. Most of these (26%) were of age <10 years. The most common culprit of TBI was road traffic accidents (RTAs) (n=2,163; 39%) followed by accidental fall (n=1,785; 32.2%). Head injury was mostly mild (n=4,034; 72.8%) and only 265 (4.7%) had a severe injury. Only 10% (n=549) patients were admitted for further treatment, 16% were managed in the ED then discharged, and 67% were immediately discharged from the ED after the first examination and necessary management. The ED mortality rate of TBIs was 2.2% (n=123/5,546) in our study. All of these cases had severe head injuries.
Conclusion: Major culprits of TBI are RTAs and accidental falls. TBIs are mostly mild-to-moderate and the ED mortality rate is low.
Incidence of Epilepsy and Drug Dependence after Post Traumatic Contusions Managed Conservatively
Authors: Sheikh Faiq , Saleem Rabia , Nasir Jamal , Sultan Ahmed , Rauf Abuzar , Anwar Chaudhary Muhammad 
Published: January 2022

contusions managed conservatively.
Material and Methods: A prospective observational study was carried out in, Punjab Institute of Neurosciences, Lahore. A total of 97 patients, from 15-65 years, who were diagnosed with cerebral contusions and being managed conservatively were enrolled from July 2019 to December 2019. They were followed-up for 12 – 18 months.
Results: A total of 23% patients developed early post-traumatic seizures (PTS) and 11% of patients developed late post-traumatic seizures with mild to moderate brain injury.6% of patients with early PTS used antiepileptic drugs (AED) for at least three months during follow up and 7% with late PTS used AED. 8% of patients developed late PTS without any early PTS. The results of our study show that among 23% early PTS and 11% late PTS only 3 % actually required to use AED for at least 6months. To prevent this, 3% of the population 44% were using AED supplementary.
Conclusion: In our study, the incidence of early and late PTS is comparable to the other studies. The non-judicious use of the anti-epileptic drug is common in our country which leads to an increase in the risk of drug resistance and cost-intensive for poor patients in developing countries as prophylactic and excessive use of anti-epileptics does not affect the PTE.
Surgical Outcome of Brain Abscess after Single Burrhole Aspiration Technique in Terms of Glasgow Outcome Scale
Authors: Khan Alamgir , Ahmad Fayyaz , Rehman Ehsan-ur- 
Published: January 2022

Objectives: This case-series was aimed to determine the surgical outcome of brain abscess after a single burr hole aspiration technique in terms of the Glasgow outcome scale (GOS).
Material & Methods: 100 cases were taken in the study with brain abscess. The favourable outcome included those patients with postoperative GOS of 4 or 5, at discharge and one month postoperatively whereas unfavourable outcome included patients with postoperative GOS of less than 4, at discharge and one month postoperatively.
Results: Of the 100 patients included, there were 72 (72%) males and 28 (28%) females. The overall mean diameter of the abscess was 6.01 cm ± 1.90. Mean GOS was 2.95 ± 0.86 while mean GOS 3.79 ± 1.18. In this study 75% (n=75) patients presented with a GCS of 12 or less. Among these patients, 2 patients presented with a GCS of 5, 6 patients with a GCS of 7, 9 with GCS 8, 11 with GCS 9, 18 with GCS 10, 15 with GCS 11 and 14 patients presented with a GCS of 12. A favourable outcome was observed in 73 (73%) patients (GOS = 4 and 5), while 27 (27%) were in the unfavourable outcome group.
Conclusion: Although most of the patients present with a good neurological state, those who present with lower GCS are particularly prone to the poor postoperative outcome and higher mortality. The size of the brain abscess is also an important predictor of the postoperative outcome. The overall outcome for brain abscess aspiration was good.
Single Burr Hole Evacuation of Extradural Hematoma in Pediatric Population: An Experience from the Biggest Children Hospital of Pakistan
Authors: Awais Mian , Muner Akhtar , Ijaz Lubna , Rehman Laeeq-ur- , Rahman Ubaid-ur- , Ayesha Rimla 
Published: January 2022

Objective: To observe the outcome of single burr hole evacuation of EDH in a pediatric population.
Material and Methods: We included 52 children who had had a head injury and were diagnosed with EDH on a CT scan. Over three months, they were all admitted to the pediatric neurosurgery ward. Serial CT scans and neurological evaluations were performed on all of the youngsters regularly to monitor their progress.
Results: 52 pediatric and adolescent patients were included. The age range was 6 months to 18 years. There were 30 male and 22 female patients. All of the children have EDH as a result of head injuries sustained in various accidents. All of the youngsters underwent surgery to remove EDH through a single burr hole. On the second postoperative day, five infants underwent reoperation owing to neurological deterioration, and two children died. The result was good (mRS 0) in 44/52 (84.6%) instances, mild deficits (mRS 1–2) in 4/52 (7.6%), and severe impairments (mRS 3–5) in 2/52 (3.84%) cases six months after the event.
Conclusion: Although, EDH is a life-threatening surgical disease if not treated promptly, EDH evacuation by a single burr hole has a satisfactory prognosis in the juvenile population, with fewer complications and recurrences.
Role of Rivaroxaban in Patients with Cerebral Venous Thrombosis
Authors: Haider Syed Arslan , Batool Huma , Mukhtar Shahid , Iqbal Athar , Luqman Shoaib , Tariq Adnan 
Published: January 2022

Objective: Cerebral venous thrombosis is a common neurological disease. It has been treated so far with Warfarin that needs continuous monitoring of PT (prothrombin time) and INR (International Normalization Ratio) with potential complications due to this problem. Newer oral anticoagulants have been recommended for other thromboembolic events like pulmonary embolism and can be a good alternative treatment of CVT. We determined the effectiveness of new oral anticoagulant Rivaroxaban in patients with cerebral venous thrombosis.
Material and Methods: The study was conducted in the indoor department of Neurology, Punjab Institute of neurosciences for 1year. Magnetic cerebral venography (MRV) Brain was done at the start of Rivaroxaban, at 3 months and at 6 months where needed. The bias effect was removed by getting MRV done and reported from the same department.
Results: A total of 18 patients were enrolled in the study. One patient was lost to followup. Mean age of our patient data was 28.66 ± 6.66. 16 (88%) patients were females and 2 (11%) were males. 9 patients (50%) had clinical and radiological recovery based on MRV brain at 3 months.7 patients (38%) had recovery based on clinical and radiological parameters at 6 months. Only 1 patient had partial recanalization but that also improved clinically.
Conclusion: Rivaroxabancan is a very effective alternative for warfarin in cerebral venous sinus thrombosis which will avoid concerns commonly encountered with warfarin.
Isodense Acute Epidural Hematoma in an Anemic Patient – Diagnostic and Therapeutic Trap: A Case Report
Authors: Khan Sajid , Khan Musawer , Haq Naeem-ul- , Ali Mumtaz , Ishaq Muhammad 
Published: January 2022

Post-traumatic acute epidural and subdural hematoma is a common neurosurgical emergency. Epidural or extradural hematoma is an accumulation of blood between the skull and dura mater, mostly appears asa hyperdense biconvex shape on computed tomography (CT) scan. In our present study, weencountered a case of an eight years old malechild brought to the hospital with head trauma in aroad traffic accident. Initial CT scan revealed an epidural hematoma, which appeared isodense rather than the usual hyperdense presentation. This unusual presentation was due to low hematocrit (HCT). Thisparticular presentation poses a diagnostic dilemma and can compromise patient managementultimately leading to treatment failure. Here, we present a case report about diagnosing and managing an anemic patient with traumatic isodense acute epidural hematoma.
The outcome of Endoscopic Supraorbital Eyebrow Approach: A Case Series Reported from PINS, Pakistan
Authors: Mahmood Khalid , Ishfaq Muhammad , Akmal Muhammad , Irfan Muhammad 
Published: January 2022

Objective: The study was conducted to evaluate the technique and results of the endoscopic supraorbital eyebrow craniotomy for resection of extra-axial skull base lesions.
Material and Methods: A case study of 70 patients who underwent the endoscopic supraorbital eyebrow approach was conducted. The patients' lesion location, the extent of excision, hospital stay, complications, and cosmetic results were all examined. A 48-hour postoperative CT scan was conducted, followed by a 6-week MRI to check for residuals. Total resection (complete), near-total resection (>90 percent), and subtotal resection (< 90 percent) were the three types of resection rates. At the follow-up appointment, the wound was evaluated for aesthetic reasons as well as any neurological impairment.
Results: There were 39% male patients and 61.4% female patients. The mean age of the patients was 37 years. Craniopharyngioma (88.57%) was reported in most of the patients. In the majority (93%) of the cases, total resection was performed. No complication was observed in 70% of the patients. 14% of patients reported Diabetes insipidus. No intraoperative complications like bleeding or tissue injury were observed. 88.57% of patients were satisfied with the surgical management.
Conclusion: With outstanding aesthetic outcomes, the endoscopic supraorbital eyebrow approach is a safe and effective minimally invasive Keyhole method to remove extra-axial anterior skull base and sellar, suprasellar, and parasellar lesions.
Penerapan dan Pelatihan SID dalam Rangka Good Corporate Governance di Kabupaten Bandung Barat Kecamatan Paromponng Jawa Barat
Authors: Harani Nisa Hanum , Habibi Roni , Setiawan Iwan 
Published: January 2022

Pada zaman yang sangat modern ini masyarakat dihimbau untuk mengetahui dan mengerti perkembangan tentang pentingnya teknologi di kehidupan. Teknologi memberikan kemudahan untuk membantu setiap kegiatan manusia baik dunia akademik, pembangunan dan lain sebagainya terutama di bidang pemerintahan (E-Government). E-Government didefinisikan sebagai suatu mekanisme interaksi baru antara pemerintah dengan masyarakat dan pihak-pihak lain yang berkepentingan, dimana pemanfaatan teknologi komunikasi dengan tujuan meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan publik. Suatu penyampaian informasi menggunakan sebuah sistemberbasis web akan lebih membantu bila menerapkan E-Government ini pada Desa Cihanjuang, Bandung Barat. Pada saat ini Desa Cihanjuang, Bandung Barat masih menggunakan sistem manual yang pada akhirnya masyarakat tidak dapat memperoleh informasi yang dibutuhkan setiap saat, sehingga banyak sekali informasi yang tidak diketahui. Untuk meningkatkan kualitas suatu layanan data dan informasi, sebuah sistemwebsite sangatlah dibutuhkan. Mengacu pada hal tersebut, maka diharapkan Desa Cihanjuang agar menggunakan sistem informasi berbasis Web dengan tujuan agar dapat mempublikasikan ke masyarakat luas serta memudahkan masyarakat mendapatkan informasi yang dibutuhkan setiap saat hanya dengan menggunakan device yang sudah terkoneksi oleh internet
Pelatihan Penyusunan Laporan Pertanggungjawaban Keuangan Sederhana Dana Desa di Desa Wangungharja
Authors: Elisabeth Christine Riani , Tanjung Riani , Suwarsa Toto , Noor Surya R 
Published: January 2022

Dana desa adalah dana yang bersumber dari Anggaran Pendapatan dan Belanja Negara yang diperuntukkan bagi Desa dan Desa Adat yang ditransfer melalui Anggaran Pendapatan dan Belanja Daerah Kabupaten/Kota dan digunakan untuk membiayai penyelenggaraan pemerintahan, pembangunan, serta pemberdayaan masyarakat dan kemasyarakatan. Dana desa yang dibagikan harus dioptimalkan penyerapannya melalui Peraturan Menteri No 16 Tahun 2018 yang mencakup tentang Prioritas Pembangunan Dana Desa dan untuk meminimalisir terjadinya penyelewengan, setiap Desa harus mempertanggungjawabkan penggunaan dana desa dengan menyusun dan meloprkan Laporan Pertanggungjawaban Dana Desa. Hal mengenai pelaporan pertanggungjawaban dana desa ini kemudian menjadi kesulitan baru bagi perangkat desa karena minimnya pengetahuan mengenai penyusunan laporan pertanggungjawaban keuangan. Pelatihan diselenggarakan di dua desa yaitu Desa Wangunharja dan Desa Cihanjuang dengan tujuan untuk membantu para aparat maupun pihak-pihak lain yang berkepentingan terhadap pertanggungjawaban dana desa.
Sosialisasi Penanganan Masyarakat Dampak Social Distancing dari Wabah COVID-19 Melalui Bantuan Lansung di Desa Cihanjuang
Authors: Mulyati Erna , Hamidin Dini , Sumarna Dani Leonidas 
Published: January 2022

Desa cihanjuang terletak di antara kaki gunung Tangkuban perahu dan Burangrang. Desa Cihanjuang ini dikenal sebagai sentra penghasil kebun dan pertanian yang dapat mensuplai bukan hanya daerah Bandung saja tetapi Jakarta dan daerah perbatasan Jawa Tengah. Berdasarkan data BPS, 2017 dijelaskan bahwa Desa Cihanjuang merupakan desa dengan luas wilayah 5,54 km2. Desa ini terbagi atas 68 RT dan 15 RW. Kepadatan penduduk 3951 (orang/km2) dengan perbandingan penduduk laki-laki sebanyak 11315 orang dan perempuan 10581 orang. Menurut Data BPS disebutkan juga bahwa dari banyaknya jumlah penduduk yang tidak bekerja sebanyak 5135 orang. Adanya pengaruh covid 19 menjadikan masyarakat desa Cihanjuang terdampak pada pengurangan kegiatan, terutama sektor informal misalnya pekerja harian dan UMKM begitu juga masyarakat yang kehilangan kerja atau belum dapat kerja. Dalam mengatasi masalah tersebut, maka perlunya bantuan secara langsung untuk mengatasi masalah ini terutama bagi keluarga miskin untuk membantu dalam menyediakan kebutuhan karena terdampak dari wabah covid 19. Pelaksanaan kegiatan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (PKM) ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode filantropi, yaitu dengan menyalurkan bantuan langsung baik sembako maupun obat-obatan yang nantinya bisa membantu masyarakat untuk mencegah wabah dengan APD dan membantu masyarakat desa Cihanjuang untuk kelangsungan hidupnya dengan memberikan berupa sembako.
TANGGAP BAHAYA COVID-19 MELALUI DUKUNGAN SOSIAL DI KECAMATAN SUKASARI KOTA BANDUNG
Authors: Nurjanah Noneng , Andriyanto Achmad , Saidatuningtyas Ifa , Setiadi Hilman 
Published: January 2022

Dampak dari berbagai kebijakan yang diterapkan oleh pemerintah menimpa masyarakat yang memiliki penghasilan yang kecil. Dimana peran serta semua elemen masyarakat untuk membantu memberikan dukungan sosial sangat penting bagi kelangsungan hidup. Perilaku hidup sehat dan bersih (PHBS) yang muncul dari kesadaran diri pribadi terbukti menjadi benteng utama untuk mencegah penularan virus corona, sehingga diperlukan pemahaman dan pengetahuan yang massif. Tujuan dari kegiatan ini adalah untuk memberikan pengetahuan kepada masyarakat mengenai penyebaran coronavirus, dan memberikan pengetahuan tentang upaya pencegahan penularannya yang salah satu caranya adalah dengan melakukan perilaku hidup sehat dan bersih serta pemberian dukungan fisik pada masyarakat pra-sejahtera yang terdampak di Kecamatan Sukasari, Kota Bandung.