bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Auditory Brainstem Responses at 6 and 8 kHz in Infants With Normal Hearing
Authors: Porter Heather L. , Dubas Christina , Vicente Manuel , Buss Emily , Kaminski Jan 
Published: November 2022

Purpose:
Normative auditory brainstem response (ABR) data for infants and young children are available for 0.25–4 kHz, limiting clinical assessment to this range. As such, the high-frequency hearing sensitivity of infants and young children remains unknown until behavioral testing can be completed, often not until late preschool or early school ages. The purpose of this study was to obtain normative ABR data at 6 and 8 kHz in young infants.

Method:

Participants were 173 full-term infants seen clinically for ABR testing at 0.4–6.7 months chronological age (
M
= 1.4 months,
SD
= 1.0), 97% of whom were ≤ 12 weeks chronological age. Stimuli included 6 and 8 kHz tone bursts presented at a rate of 27.7/s or 30.7/s using Blackman window gating with six cycles (6 kHz) or eight cycles (8 kHz) rise/fall time and no plateau. Presentation levels included 20, 40, and 60 dB nHL. The ABR threshold was estimated in 5- to 10-dB steps.

Results:
As previously observed with lower frequency stimuli, ABR waveforms obtained in response to 6 and 8 kHz tone bursts decreased in latency with increasing intensity and increasing age. Latency was shorter for 8-kHz tone bursts than 6-kHz tone bursts. Data tables are presented for clinical reference for infants ≤ 4 weeks, 4.1–8 weeks, and 8.1–12 weeks chronological age including median ABR latency for Waves I, III, and V and the upper and lower boundaries of the 90% prediction interval. Interpeak Latencies I–III, III–V, and I–V are also reported.

Conclusion:
The results from this study demonstrate that ABR assessment at 6 and 8 kHz is feasible for young infants within a standard clinical appointment and provide reference data for clinical interpretation of ABR waveforms for frequencies above 4 kHz.
Translation as cultural technique
Authors: de Groote Brecht 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Even though studies at the intersection of translation and media are a burgeoning subfield within Translation Studies, the integration of media theory into the scholarship on translation remains underdeveloped. Joining a recent surge of interest in adapting media theory to a broad analysis of the impacts of the technologies that organise and support translation, this article takes up the concept of cultural technique to argue that, just as technological revolutions have reshaped translation practices, translations have structured media systems. Following its exploration of a medial methodology in Translation Studies and the benefits of a historicist perspective, the article turns to a set of case studies, all sourced from the Romantic period, which was characterised by a complex attitude to mediality and translation prefigurative of the current digital turn. The case studies demonstrate the benefits of a medial view in the study of translation.
Septal Extension Grafts in Rabbit Models: A Comparative Study Between Costal and Conchal Cartilage Grafts
Authors: Zhang Zhe , Yu Zhou , Wu Junzheng , Zhang Juan , Zhang Yu , Song Baoqiang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe septal extension graft (SEG) has become the preferred augmentation rhinoplasty technique for Asian people due to its superiority in correcting tip projection and rotation.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to build a rabbit model for SEG surgery and to compare the postoperative stability of nasal tip support provided by bilateral batten costal and conchal cartilage extension grafts.MethodsTwenty rabbits underwent SEG surgery with either bilateral batten costal cartilage graft (Group A) or bilateral batten conchal cartilage graft (Group B). Serial photographs were obtained to evaluate the change of the nasal tip shape and graft shape. The observed indices include tip projection, tip angle, shape of extension graft, and histologic features of the extension graft.ResultsTwelve weeks after the operation, 1 costal extension graft in Group A (1/10) and 3 conchal extension grafts in Group B (3/10) were reabsorbed. The costal cartilage graft showed better exterior results than conchal cartilage graft in terms of tip projection and angle relapse rate (13.01% vs 25.02% and 15.18% vs 28.73%; P &lt; .05). The costal cartilage graft maintained its structure better than the conchal cartilage graft. A greater degree of calcification and more fibrous capsules around the extension graft were found in Group A.ConclusionsA rhinoplasty rabbit model was established to compare costal and conchal autologous cartilages for SEG. This model may serve as a training tool for rhinoplasty surgeons. The costal cartilage extension graft is more reliable in terms of stability and should be given more attention.
Postoperative surveillance using low-dose computed tomography for non-small-cell lung cancer
Authors: Nakada Takeo , Takahashi Yusuke , Sakakura Noriaki , Masago Katsuhiro , Iwata Hiroshi , Ohtsuka Takashi , Kuroda Hiroaki 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
We retrospectively analysed the surgical prognosis of patients with pathological stage I non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who after complete resection underwent low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) or conventional CT as postoperative surveillance.

METHODS
We investigated 416 patients who underwent lobectomy or segmentectomy between January 2013 and December 2016. We compared the prognosis between the LDCT and conventional CT groups using the propensity score-matched analysis.

RESULTS
The median follow-up period was 57 months. Cancer recurrence occurred in 47 patients (11.3%). In the entire cohort (n = 416), recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) were better in the LDCT group (P = 0.001 and 0.002, respectively). Both intrathoracic recurrence and distant metastasis were higher in the conventional group (P = 0.015 and 0.009, respectively). However, there was no statistical difference in the factors leading to recurrence detection (routine radiological examination, symptoms and elevated tumour markers: all P &gt; 0.05). Both groups were matched using a ratio of 1:1. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.788. A total of 226 patients were successfully matched. After matching, there was no statistical difference between the 2 groups for RFS and OS (P = 0.263 and 0.226). There were also no statistical differences in recurrence rate, the factors leading to recurrence detection or recurrence site (all P &gt; 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS
After using propensity score matched, RFS and OS did not differ significantly between LDCT and conventional CT groups. Retrospective comparisons suggest no disadvantages of using LDCT for postoperative surveillance of pathological stage I NSCLC. Further validation will be needed in the future.
Chronic cholecystitis from Raoultella planticola infection associated with adenomyomatous hyperplasia
Authors: Doherty Gerald , Kreinces Jason , Souza Fabiola , Kim Daniel E 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
A 67-year-old woman presented with lower abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting and fatigue. Computed tomography was suggestive of cholecystitis, but neither ultrasound nor magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography found evidence of cholecystitis or biliary ductal dilatation. The patient was started on piperacillin-tazobactam, and blood cultures revealed gram-negative-rod bacteremia. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy was performed and bile cultures grew Raoultella planticola susceptible to ciprofloxacin, which was identical to the speciation of her positive blood cultures. In addition, pathology revealed adenomyomatous hyperplasia of the gallbladder and chronic cholecystitis. Unlike other cases of R. planticola cholecystitis, our patient had no significant risk factors for the infection—no history of immunosuppression, diabetes mellitus, nor underlying malignancy. We discuss the current knowledge of R. planticola infection in the setting of chronic cholecystitis and adenomyomatous hyperplasia.
Our first Pfannenstiel incisional hernia. A case report
Authors: Yordanis Hernandez Cervantes Barbara , Almager Acevedo Fernando , Martinez Lopez Duniesky , Guzman Lambert Radisnay , Rodriguez Gonzalez Mariuska 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The incidence of the Pfannenstiel incisional hernia (IH) is the lowest of all IHs, it can occur due to patient-related factors or faulty technique in closure of the deeper layer. The use of prosthetic mesh repair is heralding a new era of tension-free herniorrhaphy, while the optimal location for its implantation remains controversial. As a result, no strategy or technique has become the gold standard for its repair. We report our first experience with an IH through Pfannenstiel in a 49-year-old obese female patient. Inlay polypropylene open mesh repair was performed. As the only complication, the patient presented with a seroma in the wound, which was aspirated, and she is currently asymptomatic with outpatient consultation follow-up. Pfannenstiel IHs have received minimal attention on the optimal surgical approach and postoperative results, making this case a good starting point for future studies.
Fuel subsidy reform, decentralized electricity markets and renewable energy trade: evidence for a successful energy transition in the Middle East and North Africa Region
Authors: Shaar Tanya Leila , Leal-Arcas Rafael 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
The past few decades have witnessed widespread attempts by the international community to combat rising global temperatures. Without a doubt, instruments such as the Paris Agreement have proven essential in fighting climate change by promoting the use of renewable energy and energy transitions. Problematically, regions that rely heavily on fossil fuel consumption, such as the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, have struggled in undertaking their energy transitions and decarbonizing their economies. As such, this article aims to discuss the evidence for a widespread energy transition in the MENA region via economic, legal and social reforms. This article argues that to achieve a successful energy transition in the region, the removal of fuel subsidies must occur, the decentralization of energy markets promoted and renewable trade incentivized. It suggests that fossil fuel exporting MENA countries should continue to diversify their economies in order to reduce reliance on their energy sectors. In turn, this will enable them to undertake fossil fuel subsidy reforms and invest money into renewable energy projects uninterruptedly. To add to this, MENA countries should look to decentralize their energy markets to reduce their reliance on fossil fuels for energy production. Decentralized solar energy, in specific, has extensive potential in the region and would enable a transition toward energy self-sufficiency. This article then concludes that trade practices and climate mitigation are mutually exclusive, and proposes recommendations on how the World Trade Organization can be used to better promote energy transitions.
Eddic Poetry
Authors: Gunnell Terry 
Published: November 2022

Rather than being a genre in its own right, “Eddic poetry” is essentially a body of poetry dealing with Old Nordic mythology and Old Nordic/Germanic heroes that was preserved for the main part in two Icelandic manuscripts from the late thirteenth and early fourteenth centuries: the Codex Regius (GKS 2365 4to: c. 1270) and the AM 748 IA 4to (c. 1300) (see Manuscripts of the Eddic Poems). The term is also used for certain other mythological poems from the same period that have been composed in the main two meters used in these manuscripts (see Meters of the Eddic Poems), most particularly Hyndluljóð, contained in the Flateyjarbók manuscript (GKS 1005 fol.; late 14th century); and Rígsþula, contained in the Ormsbók manuscript (Codex Wormianus: AM 242 fol.; mid-14th century). Originally believed to have been preserved intact in the oral tradition from pagan times (the official Christianization of Iceland and Norway occurring c. 1000), the poems are now seen as having originated at different times (see Dating of the Eddic Poems), some viewed as having a potentially pre-Christian background while others appear to be more recent (in part or as a whole). Whatever the case, it seems evident that the Icelandic scholar Snorri Sturluson (b. 1119–d. 1241), who composed the so-called Prose Edda (also referred to as Snorra Edda) in c. 1220, using several Eddic poems as sources on pre-Christian Nordic mythology, viewed these works as having been ancient. In spite of various discussions about their exact place of origin, it is evident that many of the Eddic poems (which were referred to under this name by later scholars in order to differentiate them from Snorri’s Prose Edda) have their roots outside Iceland in the Nordic and Germanic countries, the narratives of the heroic Eddic poems containing memories that appear to go back several hundred years. The main source of the Eddic poems, the Codex Regius, evidently written and edited by Christian Icelanders, is divided into two parts, the first dealing with mythology, including the creation and ending of the world in Vǫluspá (the Prophecy of the Seeress), followed by various poems in different meters dealing with the gods Óðinn (Odin/Wotan), Freyr (Frey), Þórr (Thor), and Loki, while the second contains material dealing with the lives of the heroes, Helgi Hjǫrvarðsson, Helgi Hundingsbani, and then Sigurðr Fáfnisbani (the killer of the serpent Fáfnir) and his family. For logical reasons, in the following bibliography, emphasis is placed on more recent scholarship, although several earlier works that are still relevant are also mentioned.
Whole person HIV services: a social science approach
Authors: Van Heerden Alastair , Humphries Hilton , Geng Elvin 
Published: November 2022

Purpose of review
Globally, approximately 38.4 million people who are navigating complex lives, are also living with HIV, while HIV incident cases remain high. To improve the effectiveness of HIV prevention and treatment service implementation, we need to understand what drives human behaviour and decision-making around HIV service use. This review highlights current thinking in the social sciences, emphasizing how understanding human behaviour can be leveraged to improve HIV service delivery.

Recent findings
The social sciences offer rich methodologies and theoretical frameworks for investigating how factors synergize to influence human behaviour and decision-making. Social–ecological models, such as the Behavioural Drivers Model (BDM), help us conceptualize and investigate the complexity of people's lives. Multistate and group-based trajectory modelling are useful tools for investigating the longitudinal nature of peoples HIV journeys. Successful HIV responses need to leverage social science approaches to design effective, efficient, and high-quality programmes.

Summary
To improve our HIV response, implementation scientists, interventionists, and public health officials must respond to the context in which people make decisions about their health. Translating biomedical efficacy into real-world effectiveness is not simply finding a way around contextual barriers but rather engaging with the social context in which communities use HIV services.
Development and Validation of a Symptom Based Scoring System for Bowel Dysfunction after Ileoanal Pouch Reconstruction: The Ileoanal Pouch Syndrome Severity Score
Authors: Cavallaro Paul , Bordeianou Liliana ,   On behalf of the PROPS Scientific Committee
Published: November 2022

BACKGROUND:
The Patient-Reported Outcomes After Pouch Surgery Delphi Consensus Study identified 7 symptoms and 7 consequences as key domains for evaluating and analyzing ileoanal pouch function.

OBJECTIVE:
To utilize items identified as priorities by the Patient-Reported Outcomes After Pouch Surgery Delphi Consensus Study to create a validated tool for quantifying pouch function.

DESIGN:
Patients were administered a questionnaire-based survey eliciting responses regarding frequency of a variety of bowel symptoms.

SETTING:
Pouch patients were recruited at inflammatory bowel disease centers and via patient advocacy websites.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:
Associations between items and quality of life were computed in a score generation cohort of 298 patients by logistic regression modeling. Individual score values were designated to items to create an additive score titled the Ileoanal Pouch Syndrome Severity Score. Validity was tested in a subsequent cohort of 386 patients using receiver operating characteristic area under the curve. In addition, test-rest validity, convergent validity, and clinical validity were evaluated.

RESULTS:
After determination of item weights, the range of possible scores was 0 to 145. Score ranges were then determined as cutoff values for “ileoanal pouch syndrome.” The score was then validated on the second patient cohort, with a receiver operating characteristic area under the curve of 0.83. Importantly, worsening severity of Ileoanal Pouch Syndrome Score significantly correlated with higher rates of poor quality of life. Lastly, the questionnaire was rigorously validated to show test-retest validity, convergent validity compared to other bowel function scores, and clinical validity.

CONCLUSIONS:
This study developed a patient-centered, clinically useful scoring system that can quantify the range and severity of symptoms experienced by ileoanal pouch patients and their correlation with quality of life.
HIV risk perception and self-reported risk behaviors among men who have sex with men using social media in Beijing, China and its implications on HIV testing
Authors: Zhao Yafang , Bromberg Daniel J , Khoshnood Kaveh , Dai Alec , Li Zhen , Sheng Yu 
Published: November 2022

AbstractInaccurate HIV risk perception is common among men who have sex with men (MSM). Accurate self-perceived risk and HIV testing are closely related and are essential in promoting HIV treatment cascade succeed. This cross-sectional study aims to 1) explore HIV risk perception and its associated sexual behaviors, 2) identify associated factors with HIV testing among Chinese MSM. Participants were recruited to an anonymous online survey in 2019 via an MSM social application. The questionnaire included sexual behaviors, HIV testing history, and the use of HIV prevention services. Logistic regression was used to explore the factors associated with higher risk perceptions and HIV testing in the past 12 months. Total 431 MSM were recruited, 73.3% had been tested for HIV in the past year and 47.80% of MSM self-reported in the high-risk group. MSM who perceived a higher risk (AOR=3.42, 95% CI:2.06-5.68), had multiple sexual partners (AOR=2.60, 95% CI:1.40-4.83), knew sex partner’s HIV status (AOR=7.96, 95% CI:4.33-14.65), and have STI diagnosis (AOR=2.76, 95% CI:1.10-6.95), were more likely to have been tested. Risk perception and sexual behavior were associated with HIV testing. Culturally adapted, theory-driven education programs are expected to utilize in improving MSM’s risk perception accuracy and HIV testing.
Barriers to contraceptive use in humanitarian settings: Experiences of South Sudan refugee women living in Adjumani district, Uganda; An exploratory design using qualitative method
Authors: Achola Roselline , Atuyambe Lynn , Nabiwemba Elizabeth , Nyashanu Mathew , Garimoi Orach Christopher 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIntroductionFamily Planning (FP) is a life-saving, empowering and cost-effective interventions for women and girls. Access to FP is still challenging to female refugees due to several barriers including language, low educational level, lack of information, influence by significant others, limited income, desire to replace lost family members, moral values, cultural and religious norms as well as personal experience with contraceptives side effects. This study explored barriers to contraceptive use among South Sudan refugee women living in Adjumani district, Uganda.MethodsAn exploratory design using qualitative method was employed involving women between the ages of 15-49 years. Purposive sampling was employed to select participants for Focus Group Discussions (FDGs) and In-depth Interviews (IDIs). Ten FDGs were conducted, each consisted of 6 to 8 participants. Two groups of females (15-19 and 20+ years) were reached. Twenty-seven IDIs were conducted with two similar categories as above. The In-depth interview and focus group discussion guides were used to collect data. The interviews were recorded verbatim and transcribed before being translated back to English from the local language. Audio recordings from the FGDs and IDIs were labelled, transcribed verbatim and translated into English. Deductive, team-based coding was implemented for codebook development, Transcripts were entered, and data coded using Atlas ti version 14. Data was analyzed using content analysis to produce the final outputs for the study.ResultsThe study found that several challenges to contraception use included gender dynamics, socially constructed myths on contraceptive use, cultural norms related to contraceptive use, limited knowledge about contraceptive use, men’s negative attitudes, antagonism of contraceptive use by leaders and reprisal of women who use contraception.ConclusionThe study concluded that there is need for community strategies to break down the barriers to contraception utilization among refugee women. Such strategies should include men and women alongside gatekeepers to enhance sustainability.
Validation of the GE Carescape V100 and Omron HEM-9210T by the AAMI/ESH/ISO 81060-2:2018 in multi-ethnic South-East Asian adult population
Authors: Chan Joel , Sophia Cai Yue , Yong Quan Joshua Ng , Mohammed Noor Syuhaidah Binte , Chong Yao Shawn Wong , Gerald Chan , Sheng Christoph Chong , Jia Wei Wayne Ng , Chambers John C. , Chiew Shia Marie Loh , Mina Theresia H. 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo ascertain the accuracy of 2 upper-arm blood pressure monitors, GE Carescape V100 Vital Signs and Omron HEM-9210T, used in a large, South-East Asian epidemiological cohort by the AAMI/ESH/ISO 81060-2:2018.Methods149 participants were recruited from the ongoing Health for Life in Singapore (HELIOS) Study in multi-ethnic Singapore.Results110 datasets were analysed. For criterion 1, the mean ± SD of differences for GE Carescape V100 was -3.5 ± 7.4/ -3.5 ± 7.4 mmHg (systolic/diastolic), and -4.2 ± 6.9/ -4.2 ± 6.9 mmHg (systolic/diastolic) for Omron HEM-9210T. For criterion 2, GE Carescape V100was -3.5 ± 5.6 / -3.5 ± 5.6 mmHg (systolic/diastolic), and -4.2 ± 4.5 / - 4.2 ± 4.6 mmHg (systolic/diastolic) for Omron HEM-9210T.ConclusionBoth GE Carescape V100 Vital Signs and Omron HEM-9210T monitor passed the AAMI/ESH/ISO 81060-2:2018 validation standard.
Microenvironmental Snail1 is a driver of immunosuppression in melanoma
Authors: Arumi-Planas Marta , Rodriguez-Baena Francisco Javier , Cabello-Torres Francisco , Gracia Francisco , Lopez-Blau Cristina , Nieto M. Angela , Sanchez-Laorden Berta 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMelanoma is an aggressive form of skin cancer due to its high metastatic abilities and resistance to therapies. Melanoma cells reside in a heterogeneous tumour microenvironment that acts as a crucial regulator of its progression. Snail1 is an epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition transcription factor expressed during development and reactivated in pathological situations including fibrosis and cancer. In this work, we show that Snail1 is activated in the melanoma microenvironment, particularly in fibroblasts. Analysis of murine models that allow stromal Snail1 depletion and therapeutic Snail1 blockade indicate that targetingSnail1activation in the tumour microenvironment decreases melanoma growth and lung metastatic burden, extending mice survival. Transcriptomic analysis of melanoma-associated fibroblasts and analysis of the tumours indicate that stromal Snail1 induces melanoma growth by promoting an immunosuppressive microenvironment and pro-tumour immunity. This study unveils a novel role of Snail1 in melanoma biology and supports its potential as a therapeutic target.