bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of a familial complex chromosomal rearrangement by optical genome mapping
Authors: Yang Yang , Hao Wang 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundComplex chromosomal rearrangements (CCRs) are rare chromosomal structural variations, containing a variety of rearrangements such as translocation, inversion and/or insertion. With the development of cytogenetic and molecular genetic techniques, some chromosomal rearrangements that were initially considered to be simple reciprocal translocations in the past might eventually involve more complex chromosomal rearrangements.Case presentationIn this case, a pregnant woman, who had a spontaneous abortion last year, had abnormal prenatal test results again in the second pregnancy. Applying a combination of genetic methods including karyotype analysis, chromosomal microarray analysis, fluorescence in situ hybridization and optical genome mapping confirmed that the pregnant woman was a carrier of a CCR involving three chromosomes and four breakpoints, and the CCR was paternal-origin. Her first and second pregnancy abnormalities were caused by chromosomal microdeletions and microduplications due to the malsegregations of the derivative chromosomes.ConclusionsWe presented a rare familial CCR involving three chromosomes and four breakpoints. This study provided precise and detailed information for the subsequent reproductive decision-making and genetic counselling of the patient.
Harmonic tremor from the deep part of Hakone volcano
Authors: Yukutake Yohei , Honda Ryou , Ukawa Motoo , Kurita Kei 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe feeding system of magmatic fluid from the volcanic root to a shallow magma reservoir remains a poorly understood issue. Seismic events, including volcanic tremors and low-frequency earthquakes, in a deep part beneath volcanos are key observations for understanding the feeding system at the depth. Although deep low-frequency (DLF) earthquakes beneath volcanos have been recognized universally through dense seismic observations, volcanic tremors with harmonic frequency components originating at volcanic roots have rarely been observed. Here, we report the observation of a harmonic volcanic tremor event that occurred beneath the Hakone volcano on May 26, 2019. The tremor signal continued for approximately 10 min and was recognized at seismic stations 90 km away from the Hakone volcano. The apparent velocity of the tremor wave train is 5 km/s, corresponding to the S-wave velocity of the lower crust beneath the Hakone volcano. The frequency components varied with time. In the initial part of the tremor signal, a spectrum had a broad peak of around 1.2 Hz, whereas the tremor became harmonic with a sharp fundamental peak at 0.98 Hz in the latter part, increasing its amplitude. We estimated the source location of the volcanic tremor using the relative arrival times of the waveform envelope. The optimal source locations were estimated at a deep extension of the hypocenter distribution of the DLF earthquakes beneath the Hakone volcano, around the depth level of Moho discontinuity. The DLF earthquakes were activated immediately before the onset time of the volcanic tremor and continued for several months. The harmonic volcanic tremor may have been generated by the migration of magmatic fluid in the volcano’s deep region.
Graphical Abstract
Clinical Profile and Outcome of Patients With Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2–Positive Breast Cancer With Brain Metastases: Real-World Experience
Authors: Bhargava Prabhat , Rathnasamy Narmadha , Shenoy Ramnath , Gulia Seema , Bajpai Jyoti , Ghosh Jaya , Rath Sushmita , Budrukkar Ashwini , Shet Tanuja , Patil Asawari , Desai Sangeeta , Nair Nita , Joshi Shalaka , Popat Palak , Wadasadawala Tabassum , Pathak Rima , Sarin Rajiv , Kannan Sadhana , Badwe Rajendra , Gupta Sudeep 
Published: September 2022

PURPOSEThere are sparse data in patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)–positive breast cancer with brain metastases from real-world settings, especially where access to newer targeted therapies is limited.METHODSThis was a single institution, retrospective cohort study of patients with HER2-positive breast cancer diagnosed between January 2013 and December 2017 to have brain metastases and treated with any HER2-targeted therapy. The main objectives were to estimate progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) from the time of brain metastases.RESULTSA total of 102 patients with a median age of 52 (interquartile range, 45-57) years were included, of whom 63 (61.8%) had received one line and 14 (13.7%) had received two lines of HER2-targeted therapies before brain metastasis, 98 (96.1%) were symptomatic at presentation, 22 (25.3%) had solitary brain lesion, 22 (25.3%) had 2-5 lesions, and 43 (49.4%) had ≥ 5 lesions. Local treatment included surgical resection in nine (8.9%) and radiotherapy in all (100%) patients. The first HER2-targeted therapy after brain metastasis was lapatinib in 71 (68.6%), trastuzumab in 19 (18.6%), lapatinib and trastuzumab in three (2.9%), trastuzumab emtansine in four (3.9%), and intrathecal trastuzumab in five (4.9%) patients. At a median follow-up of 13.9 months, the median PFS and OS were 8 (95% CI, 6.2 to 9.8) months and 14 (95% CI, 10.8 to 17.2) months, respectively, with a 2-year OS of 25% (95% CI, 16.7 to 34.4). The median PFS in patients who received lapatinib-capecitabine regimen (n = 62) was 9.0 (95% CI, 7.3 to 10.7) months.CONCLUSIONThere was a substantial clinical benefit of local and systemic therapy in patients with brain metastases and HER2-positive disease in a real-world setting with limited access to newer HER2-targeted drugs.
A Cucurbit[6]uril-Based Supramolecular Assembly as a Multifunctional Material for the Detection and Removal of Organic Explosives and Antibiotics
Authors: Han Xiaodong , Wang Shuo , Liu Mei , Liu Lihui 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
A novel cucurbit[6]uril-based (CB[6]) supramolecular assembly H2NDS·CB[6] (1) (CB[6] = cucurbit[6]uril, H2NDS = 1,6-naphthalenedisulfonic acid) was successfully synthesized using H2NDS as the “structure inducer”. The fluorescence results showed that 1 could be used as a fluorescence sensor for the detection of organic explosives 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) and 2,4,6-trinitrophenol (TNP), and isoquinoline antibiotics berberine (BER) and palmatine (PAL) in aqueous solution by fluorescence quenching at parts per billion (ppb) levels. Even more exciting, BER exhibits aggregation induced effect (AIE) functionality with 1 in aqueous solution through noncovalent interaction. We have successfully utilized this phenomenon to detect BER, and the limit of detection (LOD) was lower than the fluorescence quenching detection method by 1. This result suggests that we can use the AIE phenomenon of BER to further distinguish 4-NP and TNP from BER. Simultaneously, 1 also displays high adsorption abilities towards BER. As far as we known, there is no report of CB[6]-based supramolecular assembly for both detection and removal of antibiotics. This method is also applied to reliably and accurately detect these analyte concentrations in actual sample water and calf serum.
The impact of baseline 18F-FDG PET-CT on the management and outcome of patients with gastric cancer: a systematic review
Authors: Foley Kieran G , Coomer Will , Coles Bernadette , Bradley Kevin M 
Published: September 2022

Objective: CT and staging laparoscopy are routinely used to stage patients with gastric cancer, however the role of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) combined with CT (PET-CT) is uncertain. This systematic review synthesised the evidence regarding the impact of baseline PET-CT staging on treatment decisions and patient outcomes. Methods: Systematic database searches were performed without date restriction. Studies reporting data in patients with gastric adenocarcinoma who underwent radiological staging were included. One reviewer screened titles and abstracts for suitability and two reviewers extracted data from included articles. Primary outcome was the reported change in management after PET-CT. Secondary outcomes were the rates of recurrence and overall survival between patients staged with and without PET-CT. Risk of bias was assessed using the ROBINS-I tool. PROSPERO registration (CRD42022304314). Results: Data from 11 studies recruiting 2101 patients between 2012 and 2021 were included. PET-CT was performed in 1422 patients. Change of management varied between 3% and 29% of cases. No studies compared recurrence or survival rates between patients staged with or without PET-CT. Adenocarcinoma of intestinal subtype tended to be more FDG-avid compared to diffuse or signet-ring subtypes. No randomised data existed, and studies were considered low quality with high risk of bias. Conclusion: Evidence for the additional value of PET-CT in the gastric cancer staging pathway is limited. All studies reported a positive impact by preventing those with undetected metastatic disease on CT undergoing futile surgery. Future national guidelines should consider routine staging PET-CT in gastric cancer. Advances in knowledge: Studies indicated that FDG PET-CT added benefit in gastric cancer staging by detecting more distant metastases, but these studies were generally of low quality and at high risk of bias. Intestinal subtype of gastric adenocarcinoma tended to be more FDG-avid and therefore more distant metastases were subsequently detected.
Inflammatory cytokines affecting cardiovascular function: a scoping review
Authors: Kristanti Risma Aprianda , Bramantoro Taufan , Soesilawati Pratiwi , Hariyani Ninuk , Suryadinata Arief , Purwanto Bambang , Nugraha Alexander Patera , Tengku Ahmad Noor Tengku Natasha Eleena binti 
Published: September 2022

Background: A chronic inflammatory process can cause disorders on the cardiovascular system. It is caused by an enhancement of inflammatory cytokines that can decrease the heart working-function. This article aims to review inflammatory cytokines that can cause the cardiovascular system disease. Methods: The review process began by taking articles from two databases, namely PubMed and SpringerLink without using the publication year limit. The reviewed article was a research article using human samples, which analyzed the impact of inflammatory cytokines on cardiovascular disease or the risk level of cardiovascular disease. Result: From a total of 3926 articles originating from two databases, 21 obtained articles have matched with the inclusion criteria for the review process. Of those 21 articles, 17 reported an increased effect of inflammatory cytokines on cardiovascular disease, while four articles showed no association between increased inflammatory cytokines and cardiovascular disease. There were six inflammatory cytokines that could affect cardiovascular disease, namely: TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-17 where cytokine IL-6 is confirmed by as many as 14 articles, TNF-α as many as six articles, and IL-1 β as many as three articles as inflammatory cytokines that could affect cardiovascular function. Conclusion: The increased level of inflammatory cytokines can be a trigger for decreased function and cause the disease in the cardiovascular system.
Predictors of face mask use during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia: Application of the health belief model, psychological distress and health motivation
Authors: Wulandari Devi , Purba Fredrick Dermawan , Alfikalia Alfikalia , Kertamuda Fatchiah Ekowati , Rahmania Tia , Sabrina Olivia Ayu , Hidayah Kurnia Nurul , Fatimah Syarifah 
Published: September 2022

Background: High infection rates of COVID-19 in Indonesia require attention, especially transmission and prevention behaviors. One way to lower infection rates is the use of face masks. However, people's adherence to its usage when in public is still low. This necessitates the exploration of predictors of the use of masks to increase community compliance. This study further aims to investigate the predictors of face mask use by applying the Health Belief Model, anxiety, stress, depression, and health motivation. Methods: A total of 255 respondents from Jakarta, Bandung, Tangerang, and Banten filled out an online questionnaire. Furthermore, hierarchical multiple regression was used to detect predictors associated with face mask use. Results: The results showed that the high perceived benefits and health motivation were higher in individuals who used a face mask when in public, while those who have high perceived barriers likely do not use masks. The respondent's level of psychological distress, including depression, anxiety, and stress were not associated with face mask use. Conclusions: Therefore, these findings highlight the importance of personal appraisal regarding COVID-19 and its prevention behaviors. Comfortable mask design, and emphasizing the benefits of using masks in the community improve compliance.
Factors associated with poor outcomes among people living with HIV started on anti-retroviral therapy before and after implementation of “test and treat” program in Coastal Kenya
Authors: Mwamuye Isaac Chome , Karanja Simon , Msanzu Joseph Baya , Adem Aggrey , Kerich Mary , Ngari Moses 
Published: September 2022

Objectives
To determine the factors associated with poor outcomes among people living with HIV (PLHIV) started on anti- retroviral therapy before and after implementation of “Test and treat” program in 18 facilities in Coastal Kenya.

Methods
A retrospective cohort study design was used to study PLHIV aged > 15 years and started on ART in the periods of April to August 2016, and April to August 2017, then followed up for 24 months. Primary outcome was retention defined as being alive and on ARVs after 24 months. Death and loss to follow-up were considered as poor outcomes. Kaplan–Meier survival methods were used to describe time to primary outcome. Cox proportional regression analysis was used to determine factors associated with poor outcomes.

Results
86 patients (470 before test and treat, and 316 after test and treat cohorts) were enrolled.
Overall, the median [IQR] age was 39.3 [32.5–47.5] years and 539 (69%) were female. After 24 months, retention rates for the before (68%) and after (64%) test and start groups were similar (absolute difference: -4.0%, 95%CI: -11-3.1, P = 0.27). There were 240(31%, 95%CI 27 to 34%) PLHIV with poor outcomes, 102 (32%) and 138 (29%) occurred among the test and treat group, and delayed treatment patients respectively. In multivariable regression model, test and treat had no significant effect on risk of poor outcomes (aHR = 1.17, 95%CI 0.89–1.54). Increasing age (aHR = 0.98, 95%CI 0.97–0.99), formal employment (aHR = 0.42, 95%CI 0.23–0.76) and not being employed (aHR = 0.53, 95%CI 0.34–0.81) were negatively associated with poor outcomes. The risk of poor outcomes was higher among males compared to female patients (aHR = 1.37, 95%CI 1.03–1.82) and among divorced/separated patients compared to the married (aHR = 1.44, 95%CI 1.04–1.99).

Conclusion
Retention patterns for the “test and treat” cohort were comparable to those who started ART before “test and treat”. Patients who are males, young, divorced/separated, with poor socio-economic status had higher risks for poor clinical outcomes. Interventions targeting PLHIV who are young, male and economically disadvantaged provide an opportunity to improve the long-term outcomes.
Virtual reality immersion compared to monitored anesthesia care for hand surgery: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Faruki Adeel A. , Nguyen Thy B. , Gasangwa Doris-Vanessa , Levy Nadav , Proeschel Sam , Yu Jessica , Ip Victoria , McGourty Marie , Korsunsky Galina , Novack Victor , Mueller Ariel L. , Banner-Goodspeed Valerie , Rozental Tamara D. , O’Gara Brian P. 
Published: September 2022

Introduction
Common anesthesia practice for hand surgery combines a preoperative regional anesthetic and intraoperative monitored anesthesia care (MAC). Despite adequate regional anesthesia, patients may receive doses of intraoperative sedatives which can result in oversedation and potentially avoidable complications. VR could prove to be a valuable tool for patients and providers by distracting the mind from processing noxious stimuli resulting in minimized sedative use and reduced risk of oversedation without negatively impacting patient satisfaction. Our hypothesis was that intraoperative VR use reduces sedative dosing during elective hand surgery without detracting from patient satisfaction as compared to a usual care control.

Methods
Forty adults undergoing hand surgery were randomized to receive either intraoperative VR in addition to MAC, or usual MAC. Patients in both groups received preoperative regional anesthesia at provider discretion. Intraoperatively, the VR group viewed programming of their choice via a head-mounted display. The primary outcome was intraoperative propofol dose per hour (mg · hr-1). Secondary outcomes included patient reported pain and anxiety, overall satisfaction, functional outcome, and post anesthesia care unit (PACU) length of stay (LOS).

Results
Of the 40 enrolled patients, 34 completed the perioperative portion of the trial. VR group patients received significantly less propofol per hour than the control group (Mean (±SD): 125.3 (±296.0) vs 750.6 (±334.6) mg · hr-1, p<0.001). There were no significant differences between groups in patient reported overall satisfaction, (0–100 scale, Median (IQR) 92 (77–100) vs 100 (100–100), VR vs control, p = 0.087). There were no significant differences between groups in PACU pain scores, perioperative opioid analgesic dose, or in postoperative functional outcome. PACU LOS was significantly decreased in the VR group (53.0 (43.0–72.0) vs 75.0 (57.5–89.0) min, p = 0.018).

Conclusion
VR immersion during hand surgery led to significant reductions in intraoperative propofol dose and PACU LOS without negatively impacting key patient reported outcomes.
Neurological manifestations in thrombotic microangiopathy: Imaging features, risk factors and clinical course
Authors: de Castro José Thiago de Souza , Appenzeller Simone , Colella Marina Pereira , Yamaguti-Hayakawa Gabriela , Paula Erich Vinícius De , Annichinno-Bizzachi Joyce , Cendes Fernando , Fabiano Reis , Orsi Fernanda Andrade 
Published: September 2022

Background and purpose
Thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) is a group of microvascular occlusive disorders that presents with neurological involvement in up to 87% of the cases. Although the central nervous system (CNS) is an important target organ in TMA, the role of neurological manifestations in the disease clinical course is not well established. In this study, we described the neurological manifestations and CNS radiological aspects in patients with a first, acute TMA event. We also examined the association between severe neurological involvement and adverse clinical outcomes in TMA.

Methods
A cohort of patients diagnosed with a first TMA event between 1995 and 2016 was included, their medical charts and imaging tests were retrospectively evaluated.

Results
A total of 49 patients were included, 85.7% were women and the mean age was 36.5 years-old (SD 13.0). Neurological manifestations were described in 85.7% of the patients, most of them (88%) were considered severe and consisted of confusion, compromised sensorimotor function, stupor, seizures, and personality change. Imaging tests were performed in 62% of the patients with neurological manifestations and detected acute CNS lesions, such as posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome, hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke were observed, in 7 (27%) of them. While the need for intensive care unit admission was greater and longer among patients with severe neurological manifestations, the number of plasma exchange sessions, the total duration of hospitalization and in-hospital death were similar between groups.

Conclusions
Severe neurological manifestations are common in first TMA events and are responsible for a worse disease presentation at admission. While the effect of neurological manifestations on acute TMA clinical course seems to be modest, these manifestations may have an important impact on the development of chronic cognitive impairment, which highlights the need for proper diagnosis and treatment.
A machine learning approach to evaluate the state of hypertension care coverage: From 2016 STEPs survey in Iran
Authors: Tavolinejad Hamed , Roshani Shahin , Rezaei Negar , Ghasemi Erfan , Yoosefi Moein , Rezaei Nazila , Ghamari Azin , Shahin Sarvenaz , Azadnajafabad Sina , Malekpour Mohammad-Reza , Rashidi Mohammad-Mahdi , Farzadfar Farshad 
Published: September 2022

Background
The increasing burden of hypertension in low- to middle-income countries necessitates the assessment of care coverage to monitor progress and guide future policies. This study uses an ensemble learning approach to evaluate hypertension care coverage in a nationally representative Iranian survey.

Methods
The data source was the cross-sectional 2016 Iranian STEPwise approach to risk factor surveillance (STEPs). Hypertension was based on blood pressure ≥140/90 mmHg, reported use of anti-hypertensive medications, or a previous hypertension diagnosis. The four steps of care were screening (irrespective of blood pressure value), diagnosis, treatment, and control. The proportion of patients reaching each step was calculated, and a random forest model was used to identify features associated with progression to each step. After model optimization, the six most important variables at each step were considered to demonstrate population-based marginal effects.

Results
The total number of participants was 30541 (52.3% female, median age: 42 years). Overall, 9420 (30.8%) had hypertension, among which 89.7% had screening, 62.3% received diagnosis, 49.3% were treated, and 7.9% achieved control. The random forest model indicated that younger age, male sex, lower wealth, and being unmarried/divorced were consistently associated with a lower probability of receiving care in different levels. Dyslipidemia was associated with reaching diagnosis and treatment steps; however, patients with other cardiovascular comorbidities were not likely to receive more intensive blood pressure management.

Conclusion
Hypertension care was mostly missing the treatment and control stages. The random forest model identified features associated with receiving care, indicating opportunities to improve effective coverage.