bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Behavioural risk patterns in adolescents with excess weight participating in the PRALIMAP-INÈS trial
Authors: Julia Chantal , Omorou Abdou , Lecomte Edith , Langlois Johanne , Touvier Mathilde , Hercberg Serge , Briançon Serge , Kesse-Guyot Emmanuelle , Guillemin Francis ,   the PRALIMAP-INÈS Trial Group
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjective:To investigate clustering of risk behaviours in adolescents with excess weight.Design:Cross-sectional analysis of baseline data from the PRALIMAP-INÈS trial. Information on food frequency consumption (fruit, vegetables, sugary products and beverages), physical activity, sedentary behaviour (week and weekend days), smoking and alcohol consumption (current frequency and intoxication episodes) and socio-demographic data was collected using self-reported questionnaires. Behavioural risk factors were entered as categorical variables in a two-step clustering procedure: multiple correspondence analysis followed by hierarchical clustering. Associations between cluster membership and socio-demographic variables were investigated using multivariable multinomial logistic regression.Setting:French PRALIMAP-INÈS trial.Participants:Adolescents with excess weight.Results:A total of 1391 participants (13–18 years old, 58·2 % female) were included in the analysis, which resulted in the identification of four groups of participants, including, respectively, 543 (39·0 %), 373 (26·8 %), 246 (17·7 %) and 229 (16·5 %) participants. Clusters 1 and 4 showed associations of rather healthy behaviours (high physical activity and low consumption of sugary products; high consumption of fruit and vegetables, respectively), while clusters 2 and 3 showed associations of rather unhealthy behaviours (high sedentary behaviour and low consumption of fruit and vegetables; smoking and alcohol consumption, respectively). Both social status and family structure were associated with cluster membership.Conclusions:Risk behaviour patterns in adolescents with excess weight were clustered in both healthier and less healthy ways, with a complex interplay with socio-demographic factors.
Evaluation of Reanalysis Temperature and Precipitation for the Andean Altiplano and Adjacent Cordilleras
Authors: Birkel S. D. , Mayewski P. A. , Perry L. B. , Seimon A. , Andrade‐Flores M. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis study compares temperature, precipitation, and other climate variables from six widely used climate reanalysis products to inform ice‐core climate proxy record calibration in the Altiplano region of the central Andes. The reanalyzes are the European Reanalysis version 5 (ERA5), European Reanalysis Interim, Modern‐Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications (MERRA2), Japanese 55‐year Reanalysis, Climate Forecast System Reanalysis and version 2 extension, and NCEP/NCAR Reanalysis version 1. These data products are validated against observations from automatic weather stations on the Quelccaya Ice Cap, Peru (5,650 m a.s.l) and Chacaltaya, Bolivia (5,238 m a.s.l), in addition to lower sites ranging in elevation 2,500–4,900 m a.s.l. Our results suggest that ERA5 provides the most robust overall depiction of temperature and precipitation across the study domain, and the data set is particularly useful for its back‐extension to 1950. However, MERRA2 produces lower precipitation error scores owing to a gaged‐based bias correction. An examination of ERA5 vertical atmospheric profiles for a latitudinal transect over Quelccaya shows considerable variability, including across major El Niño events, suggesting the need for caution when interpreting isotopic signatures in ice cores.
Seasonal to Intraseasonal Variability of the Upper Ocean Mixed Layer in the Gulf of Oman
Authors: Font Estel , Queste Bastien Y. , Swart Sebastiaan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractHigh‐resolution underwater glider data collected in the Gulf of Oman (2015–2016), combined with reanalysis data sets, describe the spatial and temporal variability of the mixed layer during winter and spring. We assess the effect of surface forcing and submesoscale processes on upper ocean buoyancy and their effects on mixed layer stratification. Episodic strong and dry wind events from the northwest (Shamals) drive rapid latent heat loss events which lead to intraseasonal deepening of the mixed layer. Comparatively, the prevailing southeasterly winds in the region are more humid, and do not lead to significant heat loss, thereby reducing intraseasonal upper ocean variability in stratification. We use this unique data set to investigate the presence and strength of submesoscale flows, particularly in winter, during deep mixed layers. These submesoscale instabilities act mainly to restratify the upper ocean during winter through mixed layer eddies. The timing of the spring restratification differs by three weeks between 2015 and 2016 and matches the sign change of the net heat flux entering the ocean and the presence of restratifying submesoscale fluxes. These findings describe key high temporal and spatial resolution drivers of upper ocean variability, with downstream effects on phytoplankton bloom dynamics and ventilation of the oxygen minimum zone.
Streamflow Prediction in Highly Regulated, Transboundary Watersheds Using Multi‐Basin Modeling and Remote Sensing Imagery
Authors: Du Tien L. T. , Lee Hyongki , Bui Duong D. , Graham L. Phil , Darby Stephen D. , Pechlivanidis Ilias G. , Leyland Julian , Biswas Nishan K. , Choi Gyewoon , Batelaan Okke , Bui Thao T. P. , Do Son K. , Tran Tinh V. , Nguyen Hoa Thi , Hwang Euiho 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDespite the potential of remote sensing for monitoring reservoir operation, few studies have investigated the extent to which reservoir releases can be inferred across different spatial and temporal scales. Through evaluating 21 reservoirs in the highly regulated Greater Mekong region, remote sensing imagery was found to be useful in estimating daily storage volumes for within‐year and over‐year reservoirs (correlation coefficients [CC] ≥ 0.9, normalized root mean squared error [NRMSE] ≤ 31%), but not for run‐of‐river reservoirs (CC < 0.4, 40% ≤ NRMSE ≤ 270%). Given a large gap in the number of reservoirs between global and local databases, the proposed framework can improve representation of existing reservoirs in the global reservoir database and thus human impacts in hydrological models. Adopting an Integrated Reservoir Operation Scheme within a multi‐basin model was found to overcome the limitations of remote sensing and improve streamflow prediction at ungauged cascade reservoir systems where previous modeling approaches were unsuccessful. As a result, daily regulated streamflow was predicted competently across all types of reservoirs (median values of CC = 0.65, NRMSE = 8%, and Kling‐Gupta efficiency [KGE] = 0.55) and downstream hydrological stations (median values of CC = 0.94, NRMSE = 8%, and KGE = 0.81). The findings are valuable for helping to understand the impacts of reservoirs and dams on streamflow and for developing more useful adaptation measures to extreme events in data sparse river basins.
Three‐Dimensional Permeability Inversion Using Convolutional Neural Networks and Positron Emission Tomography
Authors: Huang Zitong , Kurotori Takeshi , Pini Ronny , Benson Sally M. , Zahasky Christopher 
Published: March 2022

AbstractQuantification of heterogeneous multiscale permeability in geologic porous media is key for understanding and predicting flow and transport processes in the subsurface. Recent utilization of in situ imaging, specifically positron emission tomography (PET), enables the measurement of three‐dimensional (3‐D) time‐lapse radiotracer solute transport in geologic media. However, accurate and computationally efficient characterization of the permeability distribution that controls the solute transport process remains challenging. Leveraging the relationship between local permeability variation and solute advection behavior, an encoder‐decoder based convolutional neural network (CNN) is implemented as a permeability inversion scheme using a single PET scan of a radiotracer pulse injection experiment as input. The CNN can accurately capture the 3‐D spatial correlation between the permeability and the radiotracer solute arrival time difference maps in geologic cores. We first test the inversion accuracy using synthetic test datasets and then test the accuracy on a suite of experimental PET imaging datasets acquired on four different geologic cores. The network‐predicted permeability maps from the geologic cores are used to parameterize forward numerical models that are directly compared with the experimental PET imaging data. The results indicate that a single trained network can generate robust 3‐D permeability inversion maps in seconds. Numerical models parameterized with these permeability maps closely capture the experimentally observed solute arrival time behavior. This work provides an unprecedented approach for efficiently characterizing multiscale permeability heterogeneity in complex geologic samples.
Statistical Study of Approaching Strong Diffusion of Low‐Energy Electrons by Chorus and ECH Waves Based on In Situ Observations
Authors: Fukizawa M. , Sakanoi T. , Miyoshi Y. , Kazama Y. , Katoh Y. , Kasahara Y. , Matsuda S. , Kumamoto A. , Tsuchiya F. , Matsuoka A. , Kurita S. , Nakamura S. , Shoji M. , Teramoto M. , Imajo S. , Shinohara I. , Wang S.‐Y. , Tam S. W.‐Y. , Chang T.‐F. , Wang B.‐J. , Jun C.‐W. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractInner magnetospheric electrons are precipitated in the ionosphere via pitch‐angle (PA) scattering by lower band chorus (LBC), upper band chorus (UBC), and electrostatic electron cyclotron harmonic (ECH) waves. However, the PA scattering efficiency of low‐energy electrons (0.1–10 keV) has not been investigated via in situ observations because of difficulties in flux measurements within loss cones at the magnetosphere. In this study, we demonstrate that LBC, UBC, and ECH waves contribute to PA scattering of electrons at different energy ranges using the Arase (ERG) satellite observation data and successively detected the moderate loss cone filling, that is, approaching strong diffusion. Approaching strong diffusion by LBC, UBC, and ECH waves occurred at ∼2–20 keV, ∼1–10 keV, and ∼0.1–2 keV, respectively. The occurrence rate of the approaching strong diffusion by high‐amplitude LBC (>50 pT), UBC (>20 pT), and ECH (>10 mV/m) waves, respectively, reached ∼70%, ∼40%, and ∼30% higher than that without simultaneous wave activity. The energy range in which the occurrence rate was high agreed with the range where the PA diffusion rate of each wave exceeded the strong diffusion level based on the quasilinear theory.
Physical Limnology and Sediment Dynamics of Lago Argentino, the World's Largest Ice‐Contact Lake
Authors: Van Wyk de Vries Maximillian , Ito Emi , Shapley Mark , Brignone Guido , Romero Matias , Wickert Andrew D. , Miller Louis H. , MacGregor Kelly R. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractProglacial lakes, whose numbers have been growing around the world, may drive accelerated glacier retreat and provide valuable records of past glacier and climatic changes. Despite their importance, few studies have investigated the sedimentary properties and processes acting within large proglacial lakes. Lago Argentino (LArg) is a 1,500 km2 ice‐contact lake on the eastern flank of the Southern Patagonian Icefield. Here, we describe the results from a detailed analysis of 47 sediment cores obtained throughout this lake basin, supplemented with remotely sensed data. We show that: (a) LArg exhibits a seasonal variation in sediment properties (varves); (b) varve formation results from three distinct processes, driven by seasonal changes in glacial sediment input, seasonal changes in fluvial sediment input, and seasonal variations in lake mixing; and (c) distance from glacier calving fronts provides the first‐order control on sediment grain size and accumulation rate. Our findings highlight the exceptional preservation of annual laminations within proglacial lakes, their potential for reconstructing past glacier changes, and their relevance for forecasting future glacier–lake interactions.
All-optical modulation of quantum states by nonlinear metasurface
Authors: Zhang Di , Chen Yang , Gong Shengchao , Wu Wei , Cai Wei , Ren Mengxin , Ren Xifeng , Zhang Shuang , Guo Guangcan , Xu Jingjun 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMetasurfaces have proven themselves an exotic ability to harness light at nano-scale, being important not only for classical but also for quantum optics. Dynamic manipulation of the quantum states is at the heart of quantum information processing; however, such function has been rarely realized with metasurfaces so far. Here, we report an all-optical dynamic modulation of the photonic quantum states using the nonlinear metasurface. The metasurface consists of a metallic nanostructure combined with a photoisomerizable azo layer. By tuning the plasmonic resonance through optically switching the azo molecules between their binary isomeric states, we have realized dynamic control of transmission efficiencies of orthogonally polarized photons and also the phase delay between them, thereby an entangled state was efficiently controlled. As an illustration, a quantum state distillation has been demonstrated to recover a Bell state from a non-maximally entangled one to that with fidelities higher than 98%. Our work would enrich the functions of the metasurface in the quantum world, from static to dynamic modulation, making the quantum metasurface going practical.
Confined-domain crosslink-enhanced emission effect in carbonized polymer dots
Authors: Tao Songyuan , Zhou Changjiang , Kang Chunyuan , Zhu Shoujun , Feng Tanglue , Zhang Shi-Tong , Ding Zeyang , Zheng Chengyu , Xia Chunlei , Yang Bai 
Published: March 2022

AbstractRevealing the photoluminescence (PL) origin and mechanism is a most vital but challenging topic of carbon dots. Herein, confined-domain crosslink-enhanced emission (CEE) effect was first studied by a well-designed model system of carbonized polymer dots (CPDs), serving as an important supplement to CEE in the aspect of spatial interactions. The “addition-condensation polymerization” strategy was adopted to construct CPDs with substituents exerting different degrees of steric hindrance. The effect of confined-domain CEE on the structure and luminescence properties of CPDs have been systematically investigated by combining characterizations and theoretical calculations. Such tunable spatial interactions dominated the coupling strength of the luminophores in one particle, and eventually resulted in the modulated PL properties of CPDs. These findings provide insights into the structural advantages and the PL mechanism of CPDs, which are of general significance to the further development of CPDs with tailored properties.
Neurophysiology in psychosis: The quest for disease biomarkers
Authors: Wang Baihan , Zartaloudi Eirini , Linden Jennifer F. , Bramon Elvira 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPsychotic disorders affect 3% of the population at some stage in life, are a leading cause of disability, and impose a great economic burden on society. Major breakthroughs in the genetics of psychosis have not yet been matched by an understanding of its neurobiology. Biomarkers of perception and cognition obtained through non-invasive neurophysiological tools, especially EEG, offer a unique opportunity to gain mechanistic insights. Techniques for measuring neurophysiological markers are inexpensive and ubiquitous, thus having the potential as an accessible tool for patient stratification towards early treatments leading to better outcomes. In this paper, we review the literature on neurophysiological markers for psychosis and their relevant disease mechanisms, mainly covering event-related potentials including P50/N100 sensory gating, mismatch negativity, and the N100 and P300 waveforms. While several neurophysiological deficits are well established in patients with psychosis, more research is needed to study neurophysiological markers in their unaffected relatives and individuals at clinical high risk. We need to harness EEG to investigate markers of disease risk as key steps to elucidate the aetiology of psychosis and facilitate earlier detection and treatment.
Sex-specific involvement of the Notch–JAG pathway in social recognition
Authors: Jaaro-Peled Hanna , Landek-Salgado Melissa A. , Cascella Nicola G. , Nucifora Frederick C. , Coughlin Jennifer M. , Nestadt Gerald , Sedlak Thomas W. , Lavoie Joelle , De Silva Sarah , Lee Somin , Tajinda Katsunori , Hiyama Hideki , Ishizuka Koko , Yang Kun , Sawa Akira 
Published: March 2022

AbstractUnder the hypothesis that olfactory neural epithelium gene expression profiles may be useful to look for disease-relevant neuronal signatures, we examined microarray gene expression in olfactory neuronal cells and underscored Notch–JAG pathway molecules in association with schizophrenia (SZ). The microarray profiling study underscoredJAG1as the most promising candidate. Combined with further validation with real-time PCR, downregulation ofNOTCH1was statistically significant. Accordingly, we reverse-translated the significant finding from a surrogate tissue for neurons, and studied the behavioral profile ofNotch1+/−mice. We found a specific impairment in social novelty recognition, whereas other behaviors, such as sociability, novel object recognition and olfaction of social odors, were normal. This social novelty recognition deficit was male-specific and was rescued by rapamycin treatment. Based on the results from the animal model, we next tested whether patients with psychosis might have male-specific alterations in social cognition in association with the expression ofNOTCH1orJAG1. In our first episode psychosis cohort, we observed a specific correlation between the expression ofJAG1and a face processing measure only in male patients. The expression ofJAG1was not correlated with any other cognitive and symptomatic scales in all subjects. Together, although we acknowledge the pioneering and exploratory nature, the present work that combines both human and animal studies in a reciprocal manner suggests a novel role for the Notch–JAG pathway in a behavioral dimension(s) related to social cognition in psychotic disorders in a male-specific manner.
A review of multilayer and composite films and coatings for active biodegradable packaging
Authors: Wang Qiankun , Chen Wenzhang , Zhu Wenxin , McClements David Julian , Liu Xuebo , Liu Fuguo 
Published: March 2022

AbstractActive biodegradable packaging are being developed from biodegradable biopolymers which may solve the environmental problems caused by petroleum-based materials (plastics), as well as improving the shelf life, quality, nutritional profile, and safety of packaged food. The functional performance of active ingredients in biodegradable packaging can be extended by controlling their release profiles. This can be achieved by incorporating active ingredients in sandwich-structured packaging including multilayer and composite packaging. In multilayer materials, the release profile can be controlled by altering the type, structure, and thickness of the different layers. In composite materials, the release profile can be manipulated by altering the interactions of active ingredients with the surrounding biopolymer matrix. This article reviews the preparation, properties, and applications of multilayer and composite packaging for controlling the release of active ingredients. Besides, the basic theory of controlled release is also elaborated, including diffusion, swelling, and biodegradation. Mathematical models are presented to describe and predict the controlled release of active ingredients from thin films, which may help researchers design packaging materials with improved functional performance.
AC010973.2 promotes cell proliferation and is one of six stemness-related genes that predict overall survival of renal clear cell carcinoma
Authors: Liu Yingqing , Wang Jiawei , Li Lin , Qin Haibo , Wei Yuang , Zhang Xu , Ren Xiaohan , Ding Wei , Shen Xudong , Li Guangyao , Lu Zhongwen , Zhang Dong , Qin Chao , Tao Lingsong , Chen Xinglin 
Published: March 2022

AbstractExtensive research indicates that tumor stemness promotes tumor progression. Nonetheless, the underlying roles of stemness-related genes in renal clear cell carcinoma (ccRCC) are unclear. Data used in bioinformatics analysis were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Moreover, the R software, SPSS, and GraphPad Prism 8 were used for mapping and statistical analysis. First, the stemness index of each patient was quantified using a machine learning algorithm. Subsequently, the differentially expressed genes between high and low stemness index were identified as stemness-related genes. Based on these genes, a stable and effective prognostic model was identified to predict the overall survival of patients using a random forest algorithm (Training cohort; 1-year AUC: 0.67; 3-year AUC: 0.79; 5-year AUC: 0.73; Validation cohort; 1-year AUC: 0.66; 3-year AUC: 0.71; 5-year AUC: 0.7). The model genes comprised AC010973.2, RNU6-125P, AP001209.2, Z98885.1, KDM5C-IT1, and AL021368.3. Due to its highest importance evaluated by randomforst analysis, the AC010973.2 gene was selected for further research. In vitro experiments demonstrated that AC010973.2 is highly expressed in ccRCC tissue and cell lines. Meanwhile, its knockdown could significantly inhibit the proliferation of ccRCC cells based on colony formation and CCK8 assays. In summary, our findings reveal that the stemness-related gene AC01097.3 is closely associated with the survival of patients. Besides, it remarkably promotes cell proliferation in ccRCC, hence a novel potential therapeutic target.
Control methodology of synchronous lifting for the dual forging manipulator at clamping condition
Authors: Zhai Fugang , He Zhiqiang , Zhao Yanfeng , Yang Liu , Kong Xiangdong 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAsynchronous coupling force of dual forging manipulator frequently results in poor forging and even equipment failure. In this paper, a synchronous control strategy in dual forging manipulator systems (DFMS) is proposed to stabilize its operation. Kinematic model of the hanging system and finite element model of the forgings are established to investigate the relationships of tension, forging deformation and deformation rate. The rigid-flexible coupling model of DFMS is further established and simulated concerning hydraulics, mechanics and controls. A correction based on the independent feedback state difference is concerned, simulated results show good agreements with experimental data, validating the dead zone compensation algorithm of the proportional valve. Moreover, by the control strategy, the vertical synchronous error of the pincers end is rather small as ± 0.125 mm. The methodology presented in this paper represents a fundamental step towards the cooperation of DFMS and the press to realize collaborative operations.