bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Population Pharmacokinetics of Mycophenolic Acid in Renal Transplant Patients: A Comparison of the Early and Stable Posttransplant Stages
Authors: Wang Peile , Xie Hongchang , Zhang Qiwen , Tian Xueke , Feng Yi , Qin Zifei , Yang Jing , Shang Wenjun , Feng Guiwen , Zhang Xiaojian 
Published: May 2022

Mycophenolic acid (MPA) is an antimetabolic immunosuppressive drug widely used in solid organ transplantation and autoimmune diseases. Pharmacokinetics (PK) of MPA demonstrates high inter- and intra-variability. The aim of this study was to compare the population PK properties of MPA in adult renal transplant patients in the early and stable post-transplant stages and to simulate an optimal dosing regimen for patients at different stages. A total of 51 patients in the early post-transplant period (1 week after surgery) and 48 patients in the stable state (5.5–10 years after surgery) were included in the study. In the two-compartment population PK model, CL/F (23.36 L/h vs. 10.25 L/h) and V/F (78.07 vs. 16.24 L) were significantly different between the two stages. The dose-adjusted area under the concentration time curve (AUCss,12h/dose) for patients in the early stage were significantly lower than those for patients in the stable state (40.83 ± 22.26 mg h/L vs. 77.86 ± 21.34 mg h/L; p &lt; 0.001). According to Monte Carlo simulations, patients with 1.0–1.5 g of mycophenolate mofetil twice daily in the early phase and 0.50–0.75 g twice daily in the stable phase had a high probability of achieving an AUCss,12h of 30–60 mg h/L. In addition, limited sampling strategies showed that two 4-point models (C0-C1-C2-C4 and C1-C2-C3-C6) performed well in predicting MPA exposure by both Bayesian estimate and regression equation and could be applied in clinical practice to assist therapeutic drug monitoring of MPA.
The Association of CYP17A1, CYP19A1, and SHBG Gene Polymorphisms in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Susceptibility: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Xing Chuan , Zhao Han , Zhang Jiaqi , He Bing 
Published: May 2022

Objective: To elucidate the relationship between CYP17A1/CYP19A1/SHBG gene polymorphisms and PCOS susceptibility.Methods: We searched multiple databases from inception to December 2020 and meta analysis was conducted to elucidate the relationship between gene polymorphisms and PCOS risk.Results: 26 studies were included, comprising 4860 PCOS and 4043 controls. CYP17A1 rs743572 polymorphisms were found to be negatively associated with PCOS risk under dominant model (p = 0.017, OR = 0.83, 95%CI 0.72–0.97, I2 = 74.80%, Pheterogeneity = 0.000) in the general population while neither CYP19A1 rs2414096 polymorphisms (p = 0.578, OR = 0.87, 95%CI 0.54–1.41, I2 = 95.90%, Pheterogeneity = 0.000) nor SHBG rs6529 polymorphisms (p = 0.752, OR = 0.99, 95%CI 0.94–1.05, I2 = 60.90%, Pheterogeneity = 0.012) was associated with PCOS susceptibility under dominant model in the general population.Conclusion: CYP17A1 rs7435721 polymorphisms might be protective factors against PCOS in general populations.Systematic Review Registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/#myprospero, identifier CRD4202122640.
Characterization and Valuation of the Uncertainty of Calibrated Parameters in Microsimulation Decision Models
Authors: Alarid-Escudero Fernando , Knudsen Amy B. , Ozik Jonathan , Collier Nicholson , Kuntz Karen M. 
Published: May 2022

Background:We evaluated the implications of different approaches to characterize the uncertainty of calibrated parameters of microsimulation decision models (DMs) and quantified the value of such uncertainty in decision making.Methods:We calibrated the natural history model of CRC to simulated epidemiological data with different degrees of uncertainty and obtained the joint posterior distribution of the parameters using a Bayesian approach. We conducted a probabilistic sensitivity analysis (PSA) on all the model parameters with different characterizations of the uncertainty of the calibrated parameters. We estimated the value of uncertainty of the various characterizations with a value of information analysis. We conducted all analyses using high-performance computing resources running the Extreme-scale Model Exploration with Swift (EMEWS) framework.Results:The posterior distribution had a high correlation among some parameters. The parameters of the Weibull hazard function for the age of onset of adenomas had the highest posterior correlation of −0.958. When comparing full posterior distributions and the maximum-a-posteriori estimate of the calibrated parameters, there is little difference in the spread of the distribution of the CEA outcomes with a similar expected value of perfect information (EVPI) of $653 and $685, respectively, at a willingness-to-pay (WTP) threshold of $66,000 per quality-adjusted life year (QALY). Ignoring correlation on the calibrated parameters’ posterior distribution produced the broadest distribution of CEA outcomes and the highest EVPI of $809 at the same WTP threshold.Conclusion:Different characterizations of the uncertainty of calibrated parameters affect the expected value of eliminating parametric uncertainty on the CEA. Ignoring inherent correlation among calibrated parameters on a PSA overestimates the value of uncertainty.
The Development of a Short Chinese Version of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory
Authors: Du Qingyun , Liu Haowen , Yang Chengjiao , Chen Xiaoyu , Zhang Xiaoyuan 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundFew studies on anxiety in China have used the full version of the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) due to its length, despite its numerous advantages. The goal of this study was to develop a short Chinese version of the STAI and examine its reliability and validity among the general Chinese population and psychiatric patients diagnosed with anxiety.MethodA total of 1,142 participants were invited to test the short Chinese version of the STAI; item analysis, validity testing and internal consistency reliability analysis were performed. Subsequently, 40 participants were enrolled to assess retest reliability 1 week later. Finally, 330 participants, including 33 psychiatric patients with anxiety, were used to assess the criterion and empirical validity. The Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) were used as criteria, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was conducted to evaluate the discrimination of the short version of the STAI between the groups with and without anxiety disorders.ResultThe short Chinese version of the STAI contains six items for each subscale (STAI-S-6 and STAI-T-6). The Pearson correlation coefficients between the two shortened Chinese versions of the STAI and the full-length STAI were 0.970 and 0.962, the Cronbach’s α coefficients were 0.871 and 0.842, and the retest reliability values were 0.728 and 0.813 (p &lt; 0.001). Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the 2-factor model achieved an adequate model fit: for the STAI-S-6, CFI = 0.986, TLI = 0.974, and RMSEA = 0.075, and for the STAI-T-6, CFI = 0.994, TLI = 0.988, and RMSEA = 0.052. The short Chinese version of the STAI had a significant positive correlation with the SAS score (r = 0.289, 0.313; p &lt; 0.001) and a negative correlation with the SWLS score (r = −0.476, 0.554; p &lt; 0.001). A significant difference in the level of anxiety was found between participants with and without anxiety disorders. The diagnostic accuracy of the STAI-S-6 and STAI-T-6 for major anxiety disorder was acceptable, with areas under the ROC curves of 0.798 and 0.745, respectively.ConclusionThe short Chinese version of the STAI demonstrates sound psychometric properties and is applicable in evaluating the level of anxiety in Chinese populations.
Cognitive and Experienced Flexibility in Patients With Anorexia Nervosa and Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
Authors: Sternheim Lot Catharina , van Passel Boris , Dingemans Alexandra , Cath Danielle , Danner Unna Nora 
Published: May 2022

ObjectiveAnorexia nervosa (AN) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) share a neuropsychological profile characterized by cognitive inflexibility as evident in set-shifting problems, and by strong detail focus. Clinically, both patient groups display a strong rigidity which may be explained by these neurocognitive difficulties. Cognitive inflexibility may hinder treatment uptake and help explain suboptimal treatment outcomes in both AN and OCD. This is the first study to compare clinical AN and OCD groups andto examine similarities and differences in cognitive flexibility. Specifically, this study aims to investigate neuropsychological outcomes and self-reported difficulties in both clinical groups and a control group, and explore associations between the different flexibility outcomes and illness.MethodTwo hundred participants (61 AN, 72 OCD and 67 HC) performed neuropsychological tasks on set-shifting abilities (Trail Making Task, Stroop color-word interference, Intradimensional-Extradimensional shift task), detail focus (Group Embedded Figures Test) and self-reported set-shifting abilities and attention to detail (DFlex).ResultsSimilarities between patient groups were found in terms of reduced set-shifting ability on the Trail Making Task and detail focus. Moreover, both patient groups self-reported more set-shifting problems but a less strong detail focus than HC, which in turn were not related to neuropsychological task outcomes in either of the groups. In both patient groups longer illness duration was associated to longer reaction times in the switching tasks and for both groups symptom severity was associated to higher experienced inflexibility and attention to detail.ConclusionCognitive inflexibility processes are largely similar in patients with AN and OCD. Both patient groups report inflexibility, yet this is unrelated to neuropsychological outcomes. Illness duration seems to contribute to poorer set-shifting and higher illness severity is linked to more experienced inflexibility. Findings highlight the need for entangling different domains of cognitive flexibility and detail focus and examining self-report measures for a cohesive understanding of clinically relevant flexibility weaknesses in AN and OCD.
Transurethral Incision of the Bladder Neck at Three Points with a Needle-Type Electrode for Bladder Neck Contracture
Authors: Cao Guihua , Liu Liangcheng , Du Jianping , Li Wei , Li Qiang , Luo Na , Liu Xun , Zhou Junjie , Wu Tao 
Published: May 2022

PurposeThis study aims to evaluate the efficacy of transurethral incision of the bladder neck (TUIBN) at three points with a needle-type electrode for treatment of bladder neck contracture (BNC).Materials and MethodsBetween January 2016 and April 2021, the bladder necks of 53 patients with BNC after surgery were incised by the needle-type electrode at the 5, 7, and 12 O’clock positions. Patient’s preoperational characteristics, peri- and postsurgical outcomes, such as time of operation, postoperative bladder irrigation, and postoperative hospital stay, and data of the international prostate symptom score (IPSS), maximum flow rate (Qmax), and postvoid residual (PVR) were recorded 3 and 6 months after surgery.ResultsAll 53 cases of BNC were successfully treated in 35.00 (25.00, 45.00) min with 18.00 (14.00, 21.00) h for postoperative bladder irrigation with little intraoperative bleeding (less than 50 mL). The postoperative hospital stay ranged from 2 to 8 days, a mean of 3.50 (3.00, 5.00) days. No major intraoperative or postoperative complications were observed. All cases that underwent follow-up assessment at 3 and 6 months after the surgery showed significantly decreased IPSS and PVR and increased Qmax compared to preoperation ones (p ≤ 0.001). Of these 53 patients, there was no recurrence in severe BNC patients, but 5 of 53 (9.4%) BNC patients developed BNC again within 6 months and required repeated TUIBN. Thirty patients comprised five recurrent cases with a follow-up period of more than 1 year.ConclusionsTUIBN at three points provides a safe, effective, and reliable option in treating patients with BNC.
Bibliometric Analysis of Mexican Publications on Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery From 1949 to 2021
Authors: Carrillo-Ruiz José Damián , Armas-Salazar Armando , Navarro-Olvera José Luis , Beltrán Jesús Q. , Bowles Brigham , González-Garibay Guillermo , Lee Ángel 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundStereotactic and functional neurosurgery (SFN) is a rapidly evolving field and some emerging countries, especially Mexico, have made significant contributions to this discipline. A bibliometric analysis has never been performed in Latin America, and this would be particularly important to show the areas that remain poorly studied, and design research strategies for the future.MethodsScopus was queried using keywords pertaining to functional neurosurgery, restricting the affiliation country to Mexico, and considering documents published after 1949. Added to the initial search, a complementary literature exploration by author, considering the publications of the most productive neurosurgeons, was performed. A descriptive statistical analysis was carried out.ResultsFrom 5,109 articles, only 371 were eligible. Scientific production has gradually increased with time. Epilepsy (31%) and movement disorders (27.4%) were the most studied neurological conditions, whereas the other 41.6% corresponded to pain, behavior disorders, spinal cord injuries, neuromodulation, stereotactic biopsies, and SFN history. Level of evidence was predominantly level V (59.1%). Publication output is highly skewed to Mexico City, which represents 78.4% of national production. Relative to factors associated with impact of research, publications in English had more citations (28.5 mean citations per paper), and journals with an impact factor greater than one had more than 10 mean citations per paper.ConclusionsMexico has experienced an increase in the productivity of SFN literature, addressing the most prevalent issues in the country (epilepsy and motor disorders). However, it is necessary to report studies with a higher level of evidence, as well as to decentralize the research collaborating with national institutions outside Mexico City. On the other hand, it is imperative to promote scientific production in English and in high-impact indexed journals to increase the visibility of our production. We would like to call upon our colleagues in other countries to reproduce our methodology, in order to determine the factors associated with the impact and productivity on SFN research.
Predictores de mortalidad intrahospitalaria y de mal pronóstico funcional en pacientes sometidos a evacuación quirúrgica de hemorragia intracerebral
Authors: Saal-Zapata Giancarlo , Vargas-Urbina John , Reyes-Narro Gianfranco , Rodríguez-Calienes Aarón , Rodríguez-Varela Rodolfo 
Published: May 2022

Objetivo: Determinar predictores de mortalidad intrahospitalaria y mal pronóstico funcional en pacientes sometidos a cirugía por hemorragia intracerebral.
Materiales y métodos: Se analizaron las historias clínicas, reportes operatorios y tomografías cerebrales de pacientes con hemorragia intracerebral desde marzo 2018 hasta marzo de 2020. Se realizó un análisis de regresión logística univariado y multivariado para determinar predictores independientes de mortalidad intrahospitalaria y mal pronóstico funcional al alta.
Resultados: La mortalidad intrahospitalaria fue de 33.7% (n = 31 pacientes). Predictores independientes de mortalidad fueron el sexo femenino (OR = 3.01; p = 0.031) y un Glasgow < 8 puntos al ingreso (OR = 3.19; p = 0.031). Un mal pronóstico funcional luego de la intervención se encontró en 77 pacientes (83.7%). Predictores independientes de mal pronóstico funcional fueron una Escala de Rankin modificada > 3 (OR = 15.5; p = 0.01) y déficit motor pre-operatorio (OR = 8.95; p = 0.042).
Conclusiones: En pacientes con diagnóstico de hemorragia intracerebral tratados con cirugía se encontró una alta mortalidad y morbilidad. El sexo femenino y factores clínicos como el estado de conciencia y el estado funcional al ingreso fueron predictores independientes de mortalidad intrahospitalaria y mal pronóstico funcional.
Karakteristik Mutu Bakso Ikan Tuna dengan Penambahan Tepung Agar-Agar
Authors: Samudra Muhammad Jihad , Taher Nurmeilita , Onibala Hens , Reo Albert , Mewengkang Hanny , Mentang Feny 
Published: May 2022

The quality of fish balls is one of the indicators used in the food industry, this study aims toanalyze the best quality of tuna fish balls with the addition of gelatin flour by increasing theanalysis of water content, ash content, crude fiber content and organoleptic. The method that will be used in this research is descriptive exploratory with 4, namely the addition of agar-agar flour (T0), the addition of 6g of gelatin flour (T1), the addition of 8g of agar-agar flour (T2) and the addition of 10g of agar-agar flour (T3 ). The results of data analysis showed that the addition of agar-agar flour was able to improve the quality of tuna fish balls, the addition of 10g agar-agarflour was the best treatment with a round and neat shape of meatballs with a distinctive smell oftuna and jelly with a strong gel texture and does not break when folded, water content is 72.57%,ash content is 0.62%, crude fiber is 29.61%.
One-shot beam-forming with adaptively weighted compound of multiple transmission angles and subbands
Authors: Saito Yuta , Tagawa Norio 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
We previously proposed a beamformer that adaptively compounds echoes for different subbands and transmission angles. This methodology requires the transmission and reception of multiple plane waves. Thus, in the present study, we examine a method that approximates the previous method with one transmission and reception. We assign different subbands to each transmission direction angle and simultaneously transmit one shot as a chirp signal; hence, echoes for all subbands can be received simultaneously. Then, through pulse compression, the received echo is separated into each subband, and we apply our previously proposed compound procedure to achieve imaging using one-shot beamforming. The evaluation of the method performance was conducted by finite element simulation. The results show that the obtained image is almost the same resolution as the original beamformer, but with a worse contrast. The cause and solution of the contrast deterioration are also reported in this paper.
USO VARIÁVEL DA CONCORDÂNCIA VERBAL EM CONSTRUÇÕES DE VOZ PASSIVA SINTÉTICA NA ESCRITA DE TEXTOS JORNALÍSTICOS CEARENSES
Authors: Magalhães Hugo Leonardo Pereira , Carvalho Hebe Macedo de 
Published: May 2022

Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar a variação da concordância verbal em construções de voz passiva sintética, à luz dos pressupostos teórico-metodológicos da Sociolinguística Variacionista (LABOV, 2008 [1972]). Os dados foram coletados em dois jornais da cidade de Fortaleza, considerando os gêneros textuais: editorial, artigo de opinião e notícia. Os resultados indicam que 59,5% das ocorrências apresentam o verbo com marca explícita de plural em relação ao sintagma nominal posposto no plural. Formas verbais perifrásticas e infinitivas favorecem a não concordância verbal, nesse tipo de construção. O gênero notícia desponta com maior percentual de formas verbais sem marca flexional de plural em relação ao SN posposto.
Palavras-chave: concordância verbal; voz passiva sintética; jornais cearenses.
AVALIAÇÃO E ATITUDES SOCIOLINGUÍSTICAS NO PORTUGUÊS EUROPEU MADEIRENSE
Authors: Bazenga Aline 
Published: May 2022

Esta pesquisa apresenta análises sobre avaliação linguistica no português europeu madeirense, através de corpora (entrevistas sociolinguísticas selecionadas a partir da amostra Funchal do CORPORAPOT e Corpus Sociolinguístico do Funchal (CSF)) e de questionários no âmbito de trabalhos de investigação realizados por Andrade (2014), Rodrigues (2018) e Nunes (2019). Foram selecionadas para um exame mais detalhado, duas variáveis sociolinguísticas, objeto de estudos anteriores focados na produção linguística: a realização anafórica de OD (variantes não padrão - ele, lhe e realização nula - e variante padrão, com clítico o) e as construções existenciais (variante não padrão - com ter - e variante padrão - com haver). O objetivo central é contribuir para o conhecimento mais aprofundado da sociedade insular, amplamente heterogênea do ponto de vista sociodemográfico e linguístico. Pretende-se, ainda, refletir sobre a possível influência dos significados sociais dos usos linguísticos e dos mecanismos subjacentes a esta inter-relação, de modo a melhor perceber se estamos perante uma comunidade de fala madeirense ou de uma pluralidade de comunidades de fala locais, geográfica e socialmente situadas na ilha da Madeira. Os resultados mostram, por um lado, que os falantes madeirenses têm consciência da diversidade linguística existente no território insular e do seu significado social, e, por outro, existe uma tendência à correlação entre variáveis sociolinguísticas e variáveis sociais (idade e nível de escolaridade dos participantes) que deverá ser levada em conta nos futuros trabalhos de investigação.
Palavras-Chave: Avaliação Sociolinguística; Variáveis Linguísticas; Português Madeirense.
AVALIAÇÃO DA VARIAÇÃO TER/HAVER EXISTENCIAIS E DA CONCORDÂNCIA VERBAL COM HAVER EXISTENCIAL NA LÍNGUA ESCRITA
Authors: Vitório Elyne Giselle de Santana Lima Aguiar 
Published: May 2022

Com o objetivo de analisarmos se há significados sociais positivos, negativos ou neutros associados ao uso dos verbos ter e haver em contextos existenciais na língua escrita, mensuramos as normas subjetivas de estudantes universitários do sertão alagoano em relação à variação ter e haver em sentenças existenciais e à variação na concordância verbal com haver existencial na escrita. Para tanto, recorremos à Teoria da Variação Linguística (LABOV, 2008 [1972]) e adotamos uma abordagem direta (FASOLD, 1996; MORENO FERNÁNDEZ, 1998), considerando sete parâmetros de julgamento social: formal, conservador, sofisticado, bonito, escrever bem, ler muito e nível de estudo. Os dados mostram uma avaliação mais neutra para o uso do verbo ter, mas uma avaliação mais positiva para a pluralização do verbo haver existencial. O uso do verbo ter é mais associado à escolarização mais baixa, não ser formal e não ser conservador, ao passo que a pluralização de haver é mais avaliada como formal, sofisticada e associada ao nível mais alto de estudo.
Palavras-chave: Variação linguística. Avaliação linguística. Sentenças existenciais.
MULTILINGUISMO NOS PALOP: PERFIL SOCIOLINGUÍSTICO E AVALIAÇÃO LINGUÍSTICA EM GUINÉ-BISSAU
Authors: Rubio Cássio Florêncio 
Published: May 2022

Nos Países Africanos de Língua Oficial Portuguesa (PALOP), o português encontra-se em situação de contato com outras idiomas e, em determinados contextos, com línguas étnicas, já presentes naqueles territórios em período pré-colonial. Considerando essas situações de contato linguístico, buscamos apresentar reflexões sobre o contexto sociolinguístico de falantes multilíngues de Guiné-Bissau, associando a caracterização sociolinguística da comunidade à avaliação das línguas em contato. Como subsídio teórico principal, amparamo-nos nos pressupostos da Sociolinguística Variacionista (LABOV, 1966, 2008). Os resultados empregados na discussão provêm de corpus composto de 100 inquéritos coletados entre estudantes guineenses no Brasil e em Guiné-Bissau (RUBIO; CÁ, 2019; CÁ; RUBIO, 2019). Aponta-se, na comunidade, status elevado da língua portuguesa, apesar do emprego de outras línguas locais em situações do dia a dia. Constata-se uma divisão funcional de uso das línguas entre os falantes multilíngues inseridos nesta realidade.
Palavras-chave: Multilinguismo. Contato linguístico. Português. Crioulo guineense. Línguas étnicas.