bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coastal hypoxia drives microbial diversity: Elucidation through 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing
Authors: Naik Vruti V , Damare Samir R , Shah Shruti S , Shenoy Damodar M , Mulla Amara Begum 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The formation of oxygen-depleted zones in the bottom waters is one of the most widespread phenomena in coastal areas. Upwelling episodes occurring along the west coast of India due to the southwest monsoon leads to an increase in biological productivity which further lowers the dissolved oxygen in the upwelled waters, which intensifies annually between June and October. Here, we have determined the changes in the microbial community in response to the varying oxygen levels and other physicochemical parameters at the Candolim Time Series Station using high-throughput sequencing. Amplicon Sequence Variants across all the samples collected in different seasons were mostly affiliated to the phyla Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Verrucomicrobia, Chloroflexi, Firmicutes and Planctomycetes, with the most dominant being Proteobacteria (21–41%). Statistical analysis revealed that microbial diversity differed significantly with changing DO, ammonia, nitrate and nitrite concentrations during different seasons. The microbial community shift due to seasonal hypoxia results in the differential biogeochemical cycling of essential nutrients with certain years seeing redox conditions up to sulphate reduction, while certain years seeing only nitrogen loss. Future scenario of global warming will serve as a big challenge for understanding the role of microbial diversity and its implications in the cycling of natural elements.
Electrochemical Characteristics and Capacitive Deionization Performance of Asymmetric Nanoengineered CoFe2O4 Carbon Nanomaterials Composite
Authors: Younes Hammad , Rahman Md Mahfuzur , Hong Haiping , AlNahyan Maryam , Ravaux Florent 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Capacitive deionization (CDI) is a relatively new technique that uses electric double layers (EDLs) effects, high affinity chemical groups, redox-active materials, and membranes capacitive electrosorption principle for the desalination. In this paper, hydrothermal synthesis of CFO metal oxide NPs coupled with the vacuum filtration method, or the freeze-drying method is used to fabricate high-performance nanocomposite: CFO-Graphene, CFO-CNTs, and CFO-3DrGO. Two times of hydrothermal reaction methods were conducted to fabricate the CFO-3DrGO Nanoengineered as a pseudocapacitive/EDL electrode. The results have demonstrated that the SAC of CFO–3DrGO/CFO (64.5 mg g− 1) is greater than that of the CFO–graphene/CFO (55.16 mg g− 1) and CFO–CNTs/CFO (21.5 mg g− 1) due to the better surface area of the CFO–3DrGO nanocomposite (330 m2 g− 1). The higher surface area of the CFO–3DrGO is due to the porous and interconnected 3D structure of the 3DrGO, and it provides a larger surface area to form EDL capacitance. In addition, the added porous 3DrGO entangled with the spinel crystals (CoFe2O4) in the composite allowed for a quick ion diffusion across the interconnected open macroporous structures.
Ferrostatin-1 alleviates the damage of C2C12 myoblast and mouse pelvic floor muscle induced by mechanical trauma
Authors: He Yong , Huang Guotao , Hong Shasha , Zuo Xiaohu , Zhao Zhihan , Hong Li 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Ferroptosis is a special form of regulated cell death, which is reported to play an important role in a variety of traumatic diseases by promoting lipid peroxidation and devastating cell membrane structure. PFD is a kind of disease affecting the quality and health of many women’s lives, which is closely related to the injury of the pelvic floor muscles. It has been clinically discovered that there is anomalous oxidative damage in the pelvic floor muscles of female patients with PFD, but the specific mechanism is still unclear. In this study, we explored the relationship between ferroptosis and mechanical stretch-induced pelvic floor muscle injury, whether obesity would make the muscles more susceptible to ferroptosis. Our results, in vitro, showed that mechanical stretch could induce oxidative damage to myoblasts and trigger ferroptosis. In addition, GPX4 and 15LOX-1 showed significant changes coinciding with ferroptosis, which was much more obvious in PA-treated myoblasts. Furthermore, ferroptosis induced by mechanical stretch could be rescued by ferroptosis inhibitor (ferrostatin-1). More importantly, in vivo, we found that the mitochondria of pelvic floor muscle shrank, which were consistent with the mitochondrial morphology of ferroptosis, and GPX4 and 15LOX-1 showed the same change observed in cells. In conclusion, our data indicate the intimate relationship between ferroptosis and mechanical injury of pelvic floor muscle, and provide a novel insight for PFD therapy.
Evaluation of the antibacterial activity of Launaea cornuta extracts
Authors: Chemweno Timothy , Mwamburi Lizzy , Keter Lucia 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Medicinal plants have been used time immemorial to treat various ailments and diseases caused by pathogenic microorganisms attributed bioactive compounds they contain. Such compounds may have developed in plants as self-defense mechanism against pests and pathogens purposely to survive and perpetuate themselves in their ecosystem. A few studies have been conducted on L. cornuta. The study sought to determine the effect of L. cornuta leaf, stem bark and root extracts against selected bacteria.
Methods
Methanol, Dichloromethane and Aqueous extracts of L. cornuta were tested for bacteriostatic and bactericidal effects against Escherichia coli ATCC 27853, Shigella dysenteriaea ATCC 13313 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923. Phytochemical screening of the extracts was performed using thin layer chromatography (TLC) with Ethyl acetate: petroleum spirit at the ratio of (3:7) as the solvent system for dichloromethane extracts while dichloromethane: methanol ratio (9.5: 0.5) solvent system was utilized for methanol extracts. Cytotoxicity of the active extracts was determined using Vero E6 cell lines. The cell cytotoxicity levels were read using an ELISA scanning Multiwell spectrophotometer (Multiskan Ex Labssytems, Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA) at 562 nm and 620 nm as reference. The cytotoxic concentration responsible for lysis and death of 50% of the cells was determined using Microsoft Office Excel 2007 software by linear regression analysis.
Results
Stem, leave and root extracts showed weaker / little or no activity with zone diameter inhibition < 10mm against the selected bacteria. No activity was observed with S. aureus. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of extracts ranged between 500mg/ml to 60 mg/ml. DCM stem bark extracts had MIC value of 62.5 mg/ml against S. dysenteriaea and 500mg/ml against S. aureus. The extracts were not cytotoxic at 1000 µg/ml which was the highest concentration tested except methanol leave extracts that were found to be moderately toxic at 493.5 µg/ml.
Conclusions
The study findings suggest that L. cornuta methanol, aqueous and dichloromethane extracts are moderately efficacious in the control of the selected bacteria.
Long Non-coding RNA MALAT1 Promotes Sepsis-Induced Testicular Injury by Targeting MiR-103-3p to Modulate TRPV4 Expression
Authors: NING JIN-ZHUO , HE KAI-XIANG , JIANG KUN , CHENG FAN 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Aberrant expression of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) is closely related to the progression of sepsis. According to research, the lncRNA MALAT1 plays an important role in the multiple organ damage caused by sepsis. However, the mechanism associated with MALAT1 in septic testicular injury is not clear. We established an animal model of LPS-induced septic testicular injury and a cellular model of LPS-induced GC-1 cell injury in mice. H&E staining was performed to detect testicular injury after LPS treatment. MALAT1, inflammatory factors and related proteins expression levels in testicular tissues were determined using qRT-PCR, western blotting and immunohistochemistry. The ROS levels in tissue were detected by MDA and SOD. MALAT1, miR-103-3p and inflammatory factors expression levels in GC-1 were detected by qRT- PCR and ELISA assay. cell viability was determined by CCK-8. Western blot, immunofluorescence assay detected proteins expression. Correlation of MALAT1, miR-103-3p and TRPV4 was verified through dual luciferase reporter and Ago2-RIP. Within the present study, our findings suggest that MALAT1 expression is elevated in both cellular and animal models. Furthermore, we discovered that MALAT1 inhibits miR-103-3p expression at the post-transcriptional level while promoting TRPV4 expression, which promotes cellular inflammation and pyroptosis. As a result, we investigated the relationship between MALAT1, miR-103-3p, and TRPV4 and discovered that MALAT1 targets miR-103-3p, whereas miR-103-3p targets TRPV4. Our study showed that MALAT1 promotes testicular inflammation and pyroptosis through modulating miR-103-3p and TRPV4 in a septic testicular injury model, suggesting that MALAT1 may be a potential therapeutic target for septic testicular injury.
Plant defense promoting potential of novel endophytic Bacillus mycoid in combination with rock phosphate under contaminated soil
Authors: Shahzad Asim , Aslam Uzma , Ferdous Shazia , Qin Mingzhou , Siddique Anam , Irfan Muhammad , Billah Motasim , Naeem Muhammad , Yasmin Humaira , Mahmood Zahid , Areeb Ahsan , Kayani Sadaf 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The industrial wastes comprise toxic heavy metals in huge amount which is adequate to cause noxiousness to crop plants. The zinc (Zn) and nickel (Ni) are nutrients that are crucial for plant life especially for plants growth but these elements are poisonous to plants when they are present in high concentrations. The present study was conducted to isolate endophytic bacteria from Vibernum grandiflorum and to assess the endophytic bacterial strain Bacillus mycoid (Acc MW979613) and Rock phosphate potential to overcome the stress of zinc (Zn) and nickel (Ni) toxicity on wheat plant. The concentration of nickel (Ni) (100mg/kg) and zinc (Zn) (100mg/kg) was used and eight different treatments applications were made by using Bacillus mycoid (Acc MW979613) and rock phosphate. Rock phosphate (0.2g/kg) was added in soil and experiment was conducted using complete randomized design (CRD) with three replicates. The results showed that Bacillus mycoid and application of rock phosphate (RP) significantly affected the plant growth and defense system. The treatment T12 was most prominent in which the shoot length was 57%, leaf width was 13%, protein content was 20% and sugar content was 34% higher than control respectively. In (T3) Cu content was 128%, Ca content was 219% and K content was 85% and in (T4) Mn content was 326%,Na content was 449% and K content was 84% respectively. It is concluded that Zn and Ni adversely affected the growth of wheat (Triticum aestivum) plant; however combine application of Bacillus mycoid and Rock phosphate (RP) suppressed the toxicity of zinc (Zn) and nickel (Ni) and increased plant growth, enzymes activity and nutrients uptake in wheat plants. The novel endophytic bacteria (Bacillus mycoid) and rock phosphate can be useful in combination to overcome metal stress which can improve plants growth and yield.
Increasing Marginal Tendency to Tax Avoidance, Inequality and Economic Growth
Authors: Qi Zixiang , Wang Bicong , Wang Yaxin , Lv Yongqiang 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
According to increasing marginal tendency to tax avoidance, we establish a dynamic theoretical model and derive an optimal path of economic growth only using dimensionless parameters, which illustrates an inverted U-curve relationship between economic growth and income inequality in the long run. This finding stands in sharp contrast to the Kuznets curve—whereby inequality first increases and then decreases during economic process. Instead, the growth shows a trend of moving upward and then downward as the Gini coefficient increases. We present empirical evidence consistent with our model by controlling for endogeneity.JEL Classification: O41 , O11 , E13
Post-acute myocardial infarction differences in physical activity behavior, anxiety, and depression levels
Authors: Shajrawi Abedalmajeed , Masa'deh Rami , Saifan Ahmad , AbuRuz Mohannad , Khalil Heba , Hweidi Issa , Al-Akash Hekmat 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
The temperature-independent paramagnetism susceptibility peak at zero magnetic fields in the non-topological WSe2 single crystal
Authors: huang shiu-ming , Hung Kuo-Yi , Wang Pin-Cing , Li Chang-Yu , Chou Mitch 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The temperature-independent paramagnetic peaks are observed in the non-topological WSe2 single crystal. This is contrary to previous observation that the temperature-independent paramagnetic peaks in topological materials originate from the spin texture of the topological surface state.Weak ferromagnetic characteristic was observed from the susceptibility measurement from 300 to 5 K. The high resolution transmission electron microscope supports that the ferromagnetism originates from lattice dislocation at different layer plane and axis. The temperature-independent paramagnetism susceptibility peak might originate from the ferromagnetism induced by the lattice dislocation.PACS numbers: 73.20.At, 73.25.+i, 71.18.+y
A nondestructive compaction quality evaluation of runway construction with GPR data
Authors: Cheng lili , Lu Ji , Zhou Cheng 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Compaction quality evaluation of rockfill materials is an essential link in the construction process of runway. However, the traditional on-site limited sampling detection is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also destructive. To address this challenge, the application of non-destructive ground penetrating radar (GPR) in runway compaction quality detection under different compaction conditions is discussed in this paper, combining laboratory test and field investigation. It is found that the crest factor (CF) index based on Hilbert -Huang transform (HHT) analysis of GPR signal can better detect the compaction quality. Based on an runway case, through the HHT analysis of GPR signals collected in the field, it is verified that the CF index can be used to predict the relative compaction of rockfill material, and the average error rate is 4.03%. At the same time, the kriging interpolation method is used to estimate the compaction quality of any point, and the corresponding evaluation heat map of compaction quality is generated. This method can greatly shorten the detection time in the construction process and provide a certain reference for the determination of the insufficient compaction area in the construction process.
Autumn Vertical distribution of zooplankton in the Oxygen Minimum Zone of the Eastern Tropical North Pacific.
Authors: Lorda Jaime Färber , Data Bertrand Färber 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
A general pattern of vertical zooplankton distribution is described, including 22 MOCNESS tows with a 48-h cycle of stratified zooplankton sampling; it showed no day-night differences in the vertical distribution of zooplankton, except for euphausiids. Most zooplankton groups sampled between 500 m and 0 m migrate only across the upper 100 m. Zooplankton carbon was three times higher in the upper 100 m than in the 100–500 m layer of the water column sampled. A difference of 1/24 between the shallower layer (0–50 m) and the 150–200 m layer was found. Euphausiids migrated into the Oxygen Minimum Zone (OMZ) during the day. Zooplankton migration was restrained to the upper 100-m layer by the shallow OMZ. Twenty-four zooplankton groups were studied, showing a ~ 50% reduction in the number and abundance of these groups inside the OMZ. These findings support the Habitat Compression Hypothesis (HCH). A Principal Component Analysis showed that vertical zooplankton distribution is limited by oxygen, concentrated mostly within the upper 100 m. The two most abundant euphausiid species were the vertical migrator Euphausia lamelligera (49.3%) and the non-migrator Stylocheiron affine (39.8%). Most zooplankton assemblages do not migrate across the oxycline.
A Study of Jamming Resource Allocation Based on a Hyperheuristic Framework
Authors: Hao Zelong , Wang Xing , Wang Jundi 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

There are massive data and rapidly changing battlefield situations in modern electronic warfare, which is a challenge to jamming resource allocation. It is difficult for the existing optimization algorithms to balance optimization capability and calculation speed at the same time. To solve this problem, this study proposes an improved genetic selection electronic warfare operator hyperheuristic (GAEWHH) algorithm. As an emergent optimization algorithm, the hyperheuristic (HH) framework has not previously been applied to the problem of jamming resource allocation. This is a two-level algorithm framework that can isolate problem domains. The high level uses an improved genetic algorithm to search the heuristic space, and four electronic warfare operators (EWOs) based on the problem domain are designed for the low level to search the solution space. Combining different EWOs can change the population diversity, evolution direction and algorithm complexity of the GAEWHH algorithm, which improves the algorithm performance to meet battlefield situation requirements. The experiment shows that for large-scale problems, the GAEWHH algorithm is better than the mainstream evolutionary algorithm in terms of optimization capability and better than Google OR-Tools in terms of calculation speed. In this way, the GAEWHH algorithm achieves a balance between optimization capability and calculation speed.
Establishment and application of an indirect ELISA for the detection of antibodies to porcine Streptococcus suis based on a recombinant GMD protein
Authors: Dong Nihua , Wang Zhaofei , Qing Sun , Chen Xiaojun , Zhang Hailong , Zheng Jiayang , Zhang Xinya , Qiu Yafeng , Li Zongjie , Li Beibei , Liu Ke , Shao Donghua , Wei Jianchao , Sun Jianhe , Ma Zhiyong 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Streptococcus suis (S. suis) is an important zoonotic pathogen from sick and recessive carrier pigs, which poses a serious threat to animal husbandry production and public health. It usually causes horizontal transmission among pigs and the morbidity and mortality of this disease are very high. Human infection is caused through direct or indirect contact with sick pigs. The two large-scale outbreaks of S. suis in China were due to the outbreak of S. suis on pig farms, which spread to human infection, so its detection of S. suis pig herds is very important. This study developed an indirect ELISA (SS-GMD-ELISA) for the detection of S. suis antibody. The antigen-antibody response was optimized by checkerboard titration. The results of testing by ELISA for salmonella enterica, Escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus were all negative, indicating that this method had strong specificity. The results were still positive when the dilution ratio of S. suis positive serum reached 1:6,400, indicating that the method had high sensitivity. Repeatability test results showed that the intra-assay coefficient of variation and the inter-assay coefficient of variation were less than 10% ,indicating that the method had good repeatability. The seroprevalence of S. suis in 167 serum specimens collected in eastern China was also investigated and 33.5% of the samples evaluated positive for anti-S. suis IgG antibodies, indicating that the seroprevalence of S. suis was high in pig populations in China, The new SS-GMD-ELISA was a convenient, sensitive and specific diagnostic method, which provided technical support for the rapid diagnosis, epidemiological investigation and prevention and evaluation of vaccines.
Design of High Speed Arithmetic Processor Using Vedic Mathematics
Authors: ShanmugaSundaram RoobiniPriya 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Digital Computer Arithmetic is an aspect of logic design with the objective of developing algorithms in order to achieve effective utilisation of available hardware and resources. The Arithmetic and Logical Unit is the critical component of a microprocessor and a central processing Unit. ALU comprises of combinational and Arithmetic units that perform operations like AND, OR, NOR etc. and Addition, subtraction, multiplication respectively. Hence an algorithm with ultimate speed and minimum chip area are the most often used measures to determine the Efficiency of an algorithm. This Paper presents a fast scheme for arithmetic computations with reduced Area in order to achieve High Speed. Since there is a strong link between Algorithm and the technology used for its Implementation, Vedic sutras implementation in an FPGA environment due to its ease of Application is discussed here .This Paper addresses the design of High speed Architecture for Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication, Division operations using Vedic maths. The proposed Vedic Maths Sutras (computation protocol) that are discussed in the present work exhibits its efficiency in terms of speed and area utilisation, as validated on FPGA.
Biomass Characterization of Wild and Cultivated Cardoon Accessions and Estimation of Potential Biofuels Production
Authors: Mancini Micaela , Bresó Ana , Federico Rúa , Volpe Melisa Lanza , Leskovar Daniel , Cravero Vanina 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Cardoon is considered an interesting raw material to obtain second-generation biofuels, due to its perennial culture condition and its rare use as food. In addition, cardoon being a rustic species, requires few inputs, has fast growth and high lignocellulosic biomass production. However, despite its large genetic variability worldwide both cardoon botanical varieties were subject only to few (cultivated cardoon) / zero (wild cardoon) breeding programs. The aims of this study were: I) to characterize biomass quality and quantity of genotypes of wild and cultivated cardoon in order to produce different types of biofuels; II) to identify the most promising accessions to be included in breeding programs for bioenergy characteristics or to be incorporated in the local agro-productive system. Performance of twelve C. cardunculus L. accessions (six cultivated cardoon and six wild cardoon) were compared through biometric, chemical and energetic characteristics. Moreover, the potential bioethanol and biomethane yields and the energy potentially generated from direct combustion were calculated for each botanical variety. Significant differences were found between botanical varieties for several biometric traits, but not in chemical traits except for ash content. Results indicate that cardoon biomass, especially cultivated cardoon, has characteristics that make this species a promising candidate to be grown for energy purposes under very low crop inputs in the local edapho-climatic conditions. In addition, our screening identified an accession that stands out based on yield, biomass composition and potential to produce different types of biofuels/bioenergy.