bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using a parallel corpus to adapt the Flesch Reading Ease formula to Czech
Authors: Bendová Klára 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Text readability metrics assess how much effort a reader must put into comprehending a given text. They are, e.g., used to choose appropriate readings for different student proficiency levels, or to make sure that crucial information is efficiently conveyed (e.g., in an emergency). Flesch Reading Ease is such a globally used formula that it is even integrated into the MS Word Processor. However, its constants are language-dependent. The original formula was created for English. So far it has been adapted to several European languages, Bangla, and Hindi. This paper describes the Czech adaptation, with the language-dependent constants optimized by a machine-learning algorithm working on parallel corpora of Czech and English, Russian, Italian, and French, respectively.
On Conceptual and Axiological Aspects of the Word Mutter ʻMotherʼ in Context (Based on Corpus Material)
Authors: Braxatorisová Anita 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This paper focuses on a linguistic image of mother in German languages. It seeks to grasp it through a typical context of the German word Mutter ʻmotherʼ. The research is based on results of distributional and thematic analyses of these words. These analyses are used as a base for reconstructing prototypical characteristics of “mother” and the related concepts used by speakers of German. The paper develops these findings into compiling the most frequent collocations and other (mostly contextual) information gathered by the use of corpus tools. The paper concludes with an outline of unconscious axiological processes used in evaluating the image of mother on the good/bad axis.
Income, Nationality and Subjectivity in Media Text
Authors: Elmerot Irene 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This article takes a bird’s eye view of how positive or negative sentiments in the news press about countries and nationality nouns seem to reflect the country’s general income groups. The study focuses on the four income groups classified by the World Bank and their co-occurrence with positively and negatively classified adjectives from the Subjectivity Lexicon for Czech. A search in the journalistic subcorpus of the SYN series, release 8 of the Czech National Corpus, results in a time line covering three decades. Previous research on subjectivity has either focused on other parts of the Subjectivity Lexicon or on fewer adjectives from other languages. In this article, it is argued that the income groups are treated in descending order, i.e., the higher the income, the more positive the sentiment. Even when the most influential groups in the top and bottom are removed, the result holds. Discourse concerning global war and peace, and the security of different nations, is also detected as a result.
Lexical Bundles in the Corpus of Slovak Judicial Decisions
Authors: Zumrík Miroslav 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The paper follows the tradition of research in legal linguistics and into formulaic language, specifically into lexical bundles. The aim of the paper is to describe lexical bundles in samples from the corpus of Slovak judicial decisions OD-JUSTICE by means of quantitative characteristics of the identified bundles and by their comparison with bundles found in two other specialized corpora: the corpus of Slovak legal regulations and the corpus of annual reports by Slovak public institutions. For the identification of bundles, the concept of the h-point was used. Identified bundles are described with respect to their maximal, minimal, average, median and mode values, distributions and ratios. The aim of the paper is to outline an interpretation of these bundle characteristics with regard to communicative function(s) of compared document genres.
Influence of conversion coatings on the resistance of adhesive joints to undercorrosion
Authors: Janoško E. , Guzanová A. , Szelag P. , Draganovská D. , Moro R. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The paper deals with the application of conversion coatings for the preparation of surfaces before adhesive bonding of galvanized and non-galvanized steels. The morphology of the coatings was monitored by electron microscopy. The corrosion characteristics of the conversion coatings were determined by linear polarization. Steels treated with conversion coatings were used to form bonded joints using three structural adhesives. The resistance of the joints to undercorrosion was determined following the change in the load-bearing capacity of the joints after exposure in the climatic chamber.
Mitigation of chloride induced corrosion in reinforced concrete structures and its modeling
Authors: Němeček J. , Trávníček P. , Němečková J. , Kruis J. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The paper is primarily focused on the description of transport of harmful species in concrete such as chlorides on one side and transport of corrosion inhibitors and nanoparticles used to diminish corrosion of steel reinforcement or seal the microstructure of concrete on the other side. The studied processes are helpful in reverting the chloride induced corrosion of the reinforcement in reinforced concrete structures. The transport mechanisms are summarized with the emphasis on their mathematical description and numerical solution. The paper shows modeling results of the processes including a comparison with experimental data on several typical examples. The efficiency of the methods is shown supported by experimental and numerical results. A good correlation of the models with experiments is achieved.
Investigation of the mechanical and thermal characteristics of an eco-insulating material made of plaster and date palm fibers
Authors: Rachedi Mokhtar , Kriker Abdelouahed 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The negative impact of the production and use of building materials on the environment has become evident, so in recent decades, to find more sustainable, eco-friendly, and low-cost materials, the last research tends to reconsider the use of natural fibers and traditional building materials. This paper aims to develop a bio-composite based on the southern Algerian region's local materials consisting mainly of plaster and waste from date palm trees. Many properties were examined experimentally through previous research of our team (physical, mechanical, and microstructure characteristics) [1, 2] to characterize these materials. Several samples of bio-composite of plaster configurations with short length (20mm) and eight-weight ratios (0.5% - 4%) of palm fibers were prepared for mechanical, thermal, and physical characterizations. In addition, tested all previous properties on the specimens after 28 days of curing in normal conditions. The results show a clear improvement in the bio-composites mechanical performance (an increase in the bending strength with achieving compressive strength) and their thermal properties, which have been well developed (density, thermal conductivity, and specific heat capacity). To enhance the resistance of palm fibers to chemical degradation in the plaster's alkaline environment and improve the adhesion between them, these fibers were treated with a NaOH solution of 1% concentration. The plaster's composites reinforced with date palm fibers can be qualified as eco-friendly and thermal insulation building materials.
Behaviour of Self-Compacting Concrete incorporating Natural Perlite used as Part of Cement and as Aggregates
Authors: Mansour Sabria Malika , Ghernouti Youcef 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Perlite, a natural glassy volcanic rock could be used as supplementary cementitious material to reduce environmental pollution and the consumption of precious natural resources in the concrete industries. The aim of this work is to assess natural perlite used as 50% aggregates substitution by volume (sand or gravel) and as 10%, 15%, 20% cement substitution in self-compacting concrete. Workability characteristics and mechanical properties were analysed. Results showed that replacing 50% of natural aggregates with 50% of perlite aggregates or substituting cement with 10% of perlite powder generated the best workability characteristics and improved compressive, flexural strength, and elastic modulus of concrete at 28 days. Moreover, the results were combined to develop correlations that prove to be good between mechanical properties of self-compacting. Using perlite as aggregates offers a new source of supply and saves natural aggregates. Also, perlite used as cement substitution helps to reduce PC consumption, cost, and CO2 emission.
Influence of NaOH treatment of rubber aggregates on the durability properties of rubberized mortars
Authors: Chiraz Kechkar , Zohra Benamara F. , Ghania Nigri , Houria Hebhoub , Yacine Cherait , Belachia Mouloud 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The work presented in this paper aims to study the durability of mortars, in which part of the sand has been replaced with rubber aggregates from used tires and have undergone a surface treatment with a sodium hydroxide solution (NaOH). The substitution rates studied are 10%, 17.5%, and 25%. The results are compared with ordinary mortar and mortars with untreated rubber aggregates while samples with the same substitution rates were used. To do this, the following properties have been studied: compressive strength, flexural tensile strength, water absorption by capillarity, water absorption by total immersion, water-accessible porosity, water permeability, and resistance to the chemical degradation by sulfuric acid H2SO4.
The results obtained show that the treatment of rubber aggregates by the solution method (NaOH) presented a considerable improvement in mechanical performance (increase in compressive strength and flexural tensile strength) and better durability compared to reference mortar and mortar with untreated rubber granulate.
BIDADARI DALAM TAFSIR ALQURAN: KOMPARASI PEMIKIRAN IBN ‘ÂSYÛR DAN AMINA WADUD
Authors: Rozin Moh 
Published: January 2022

Isu-isu gender dianggap tidak bisa dilepaskan dari pengaruh sistem teologi paling mendasar dalam agama. Dalam kaitan ini tema bidadari penting untuk dikaji, sebab merupakan bagian penting dari konsep eskatologi Islam. Sementara wacana eskatologi Islam, meskipun kerap menciptakan variasi interpretasi dan memancing perdebatan, namun faktanya diskursus tentangnya selama ini berlangsung statis. Ibn ‘Âsyûr dan Amina Wadud hadir sebagai sosok yang berusaha menghidupkan kembali pembahasan tersebut. Fokus dari kajian ini adalah bagaimana hakikat bidadari menurut Ibn ‘Âsyûr dan Amina Wadud, dan bagaimana persamaan dan perbedaan pemikiran keduanya. Metode deskriptif-analitis-komparatif digunakan untuk mengkaji pemikiran kedua tokoh tersebut terhadap ayat-ayat yang mengandung pengertian bidadari, yang meliputi term hūrun ‘īn dan azwāj. Ungkapan hūrun ‘īn, menurut Ibn ‘Âsyûr , perlu dipahami sebagai petunjuk eksistensinya, sementara bagi Amina Wadud, ungkapan tersebut perlu dipahami sebagai petunjuk metaforis, oleh sebab ungkapan yang sebenarnya dimaksudkan Alquran tentang konsep pasangan di Surga adalah ungkapan azwāj yang tidak terikat jenis kelamin. Amina Wadud mengalienasi konsep hūrun ‘īn dari konsep azwāj, sementara Ibn ‘Âsyûr menganggap kedua istilah tersebut sama atau setara. Perbedaan kontras di antara pemikiran kedua tokoh terdapat dalam argumentasi yang mereka gunakan untuk mendukung pendapat masing-masing. Hal ini berangkat dari latar belakang pemikiran dan konstruksi metodologi yang berbeda.
The Impact of the Fourth Industrial Revolution on Ethical Leadership
Authors: Hai Thanh Nguyen , Van Quang Nguyen 
Published: January 2022

Objectives: ethical leadership is a widely discussed topic, but so far there are still debates around this topic, even arguing that ethical leadership is just statements of right and wrong or that it is a style “leadership style”. Now, the impact of the fourth industrial revolution will make ethical leadership even more essential to improving leadership performance. Therefore, the aim of the study is to show the advantages and challenges of the fourth industrial revolution, these impacts on ethical leadership, so that the effects are useful to leadership performance. Focus on developing ethical leadership. Methods / Analysis: this study conducts analysis and evaluation from data sources on Science Direct, Web of Science, and Scopus, thereby showing the basic characteristics of leadership, ethics, ethical leadership, fourth industrial revolution, advantages and challenges, discussions on the impact of the fourth industrial revolution on ethical leadership. Findings: The findings of the study indicate that the ethical leadership qualities are quite stable, such as perseverance, service spirit, tolerance, power sharing, fairness, etc. The impact of the fourth technological revolution will make ethical leaders more effective in their roles, making it easier for leaders to overcome challenges, contributing to improving leadership performance. Novelty / Improvement: research shows that ethical leaders will be dedicated leaders, service-minded leaders, impacted by the fourth technological revolution, making leadership even more powerful. Virtue becomes more and more important. Therefore, in order to successfully implement the fourth industrial revolution, it is necessary to pay attention to developing ethical leadership. Doi: 10.28991/HEF-2021-02-03-05 Full Text: PDF
Water Table Effects on the Behaviors of the Reinforced Marine Soil-footing System
Authors: Vali Ramin 
Published: January 2022

This study evaluates the effects of a water table on the behaviors of a geogrid reinforced soil-footing system on marine soft soil layers in Qeshm Island, Iran. The main aim of this research is to recommend the optimum specification of the reinforced soil-footing system. A series of geotechnical tests were adopted to measure the properties of the soil profile. The impacts of the water table and the geogrid layer specifications were evaluated by the finite element analysis to investigate the system’s behaviors. Finally, the optimal reinforced soil-footing is suggested. Doi: 10.28991/HEF-2021-02-03-09 Full Text: PDF
Predicting Maternal Attachment: The Role of Emotion Regulation and Resilience during Pregnancy
Authors: ŞAHİN Berkan 
Published: January 2022

Purpose: Evidence suggests that maternal attachment (MA) is both a developmental task of pregnancy and an indicator of compliance with pregnancy and associated with prenatal health. Understanding all aspects of attachment will contribute to improving our understanding of developing preventions.
Methods: The study design was prospective cohort study. The relationship between emotion regulation skills or psychological resilience of pregnant women in the second or third trimester period and postpartum MA was investigated. After written consent was obtained, two interviews were completed with the participants. In the first interview, Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale-Brief Form (DERS), Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) was applied to all participants. In the second interview, the Maternal Attachment Inventory (MAI) was applied to the participants in the 30-40 days postpartum period.
Results: Of the 120 women recruited, 77 completed two interviews. A negative correlation between MAI scores and DERS scores (p=0.001) and a positive correlation between MAI scores and CD-RISC scores (p
Assessment of neck pain, low back pain and disability in patients isolated at home due to mild-COVID-19: a cross-sectional study
Authors: BARĞI Gülşah , ÖZONAY Kübra 
Published: January 2022

Purpose: Neck pain (NP), low back pain (LBP) and related disability status in patients with COVID-19 have been not known yet. Therefore, pain and related disability status in patients with mild COVID-19 was investigated in current study.
Methods: Patients with mild-COVID-19 (n=45, 40.64±17.18 yr) were included in current study. Pain perception (Numeric Rating Scale) and disability status (Neck Disability Index (NDI), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI)) were evaluated remotely on the online forms at pre-COVID-19, isolation, and post-COVID-19 periods between 18 February 2021 and 9 May 2021.
Results: NP existed in 9 (20%) patients (resting: 0.96±2.29, activity: 1.02±2.42) at pre-COVID-19, 16 (35.6%) patients (resting: 1.93±3.02, activity: 2.27±3.52) at isolation and 6 (13.3%) patients (resting: 0.62±1.81, activity: 0.87±2.31) at post-COVID-19 periods (p
Effect of preliminary laser treatment of 12Cr18Ni10Ti steel surfaces on their diffusion welding
Authors:   LLC “Aviaspace Technologies”, Liushinskii A. V. , Petrovskii V. N. ,   National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Yolkin V. N. ,   N.A. Dollizhal Research and Design Institute of Power Engineering
Published: January 2022

Specific features of the influence of laser processing applied to surfaces of 12Cr18Ni10Ti stainless steel samples on formation of bonding by the diffusion welding are considered. The laser fluency was 2.1; 3.2 and 4.3 J/sm2, the diameter of spot was 220 µm. The beam scanning was carried out both in one direction and in two perpendicular directions. As a result of the laser processing with different mode parameters, there on their surfaces are formed microroughnesses of different heights. The researches demonstrated that the size of these microroughnesses is the main factor having an influence on the strength of welded joints. It agrees well with the data of experiments carried out earlier. The preliminary laser treatment of welding surfaces before diffusion welding brings a possibility to lower the temperature of a diffusion bonding process.
Applying CO2 and ytterbium fiber lasers to high-performance production of refractory oxide nanopowders
Authors:   Institute of Electrophysics of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Osipov V. V. , Platonov V. V. ,   Institute of Electrophysics of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Lisenkov V. V. ,   Institute of Electrophysics of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tikhonov E. V. ,   Institute of Electrophysics of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: January 2022

The main features of obtaining refractory oxide nanopowders using a repetitively-pulsed CO2-laser (10,6 µm) with an average radiation power of 500 W or a CW ytterbium fiber laser (1,07 µm) with a radiation power of up to 700 W are considered. In particular, the influence of pressure, buffer gas composition and average radiation power on the size of nanoparticles and the productivity of their obtaining were studied. Depending on the thermophysical properties of the material, in atmospheric pressure air the productivity of nanopowder synthesis varies from 15 – 23 g/h (YSZ) to 350 g/h (WO3). The mass yield of nanopowder obtained upon evaporation of one target is usually is 30 wt. % of the weight of the initial target. The obtained nanopowders contain weakly agglomerated nanoparticles of spherical shape. The average size of nanoparticles 11 – 20 nm weakly depends on their material. The most important features of using a CW ytterbium laser to obtain nanopowders of refractory oxides are their high transparency for radiation of 1,07 μm, as well as the spraying of many melt droplets. These features led to a reduction in the productivity of nanopowder production and its mass yield. On the other hand, the scattering of laser radiation in porous of the initial target and its concentration in some regions makes it possible to efficiently evaporate oxide targets from materials with a refractive index of more than 1.7 – 1.75. The transition to a repetitively-pulsed mode of radiation (pulse duration 120 μs, square waveform, and peak power 600 W), an increase in the spot diameter and the speed of beam movement over the target surface made it possible to significantly reduce droplet spattering and increase the yield of Nd: Y2O3 nanopowder from 9,7 to 30 wt.% of the weight of the initial target. However, a twofold decrease in the average radiation power led to the fact that the productivity of obtaining the nanopowder was only 15 g/h. Thus, to obtain nanopowders of refractory oxides, it is desirable to use a quasi-CW fiber ytterbium laser, which is specially designed for operation in a repetitively pulsed mode. The obtained nanopowders YSZ, Nd: Y2O3, Al2O3, etc. are used for the manufacture of ceramic solid electrolytes of the YSZ type and highly transparent laser ceramics.
PERAN DAYAH DALAM MEMBENTUK KARAKTER ANAK DALAM MASYARAKAT ACEH
Authors: Muslem Muslem , Hayatina Maulida 
Published: January 2022

Abstract: The concept of character education becomes an offer to answer the phenomenon of immoral. Thus, the development of the concept of character education in accordance with regional characteristics is important to research. Dayah as the oldest Islamic educational institution in Aceh and with stories of success has proven successful in educated children's character. This study aims to find patterns of character formation for children in the Bustanul Ridha dayah, East Aceh Regency. This type of research is qualitative and used the phenomenological approach. The data collection techniques used interviews, observation and documentation. The results showed that the pattern of children's character formation used a comprehensive approach which was carried out through intracurricular and extracurricular learning. The strategy of character building puts forward the stages of moral (spiritual) inspiration compared to the stages of moral knowledge and moral feelings, and moral action in the concept of character education for children in the dayah. Keywords: : Character Education, Aceh Dayah, Islamic Education Institute Abstrak: Konsep pendidikan karakter lahir dan menjadi tawaran guna menjawab fonomena perilaku demoralisasi. Sehingga, pengembangan konsep pendidikan karakter yang sesuai dengan karakteristik kedaerahan menjadi penting untuk diteliti. Dayah sebagai sebuah lembaga pendidikan Islam tertua di Aceh dan secara stories of success telah membuktikan pembentukan karakter bagi anak-anak. Jadi, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan pola pembentukan karakter bagi anak di dayah Bustanul Ridha Kabupaten Aceh Timur. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan fenomenologi. Wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi menjadi metode dalam pengumpulan data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pola pembentukan karakter anak menggunakan pendekatan komprehensif yang dilakukan melalui pembelajaran intrakurikuler dan ekstrakurikuler. Strategi pembentukan karakter mengedepankan tahapan penjiwaan moral (spiritual) dibandingkan tahapan pengetahuan moral, tindakan dan perasaan moral dalam konsep pendidikan karakter bagi anak di dayah. Kata Kunci : Pendidikan Karakter, Dayah Aceh, Lembaga Pendidikan Islam