bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Survival of P. falciparum infected Red Blood Cell Aggregates in Elongational Shear Flow
Authors: Joetten Anna , Schepp Anabelle , Machon Adam , Moll Kirsten , Wahlgren Mats , Krueger Timm , Westerhausen Christoph 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Rosetting, the formation of red blood cell aggregates, is a life-threatening condition in Malaria tropica and not yet fully understood. We study rosette stability using a set of microfluidic stenotic channels, with varied narrowing angle and erythrocytes of blood groups 0 and A. We find reduced ability of a rosette to pass a stenosis without disruption, the longer the tapered part of the constriction and the narrower the stenosis is. In general, this ability increases with rosette size and is 5%-15% higher in blood group A. The experimental results are substantiated by equivalent experiments using lectin-induced red blood cell aggregates, a simulation of the underlying protein binding kinetics, and lattice-Boltzmann-finite-element simulations of red blood cell aggregates.
Enrichment of drinking water with Ca and Mg by a fluidized bed recarbonization reactor: a case study of Devičie, Slovak Republic
Authors: Rapant Stanislav , Cvečková Veronika , Čermák Patrik 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
A low content of Ca and Mg in drinking water causes increased health risks. To increase the Ca and Mg contents in the drinking water supplied to the inhabitants of the village of Devičie, a prototype of a fluidized bed recarbonization reactor (RRF) was proposed and tested. A half-burnt dolomite (HBD) was used for the recarbonization. In the RRF, the HBD is kept in buoyancy with the help of water circulation. The capacity of the circulation pump is up to 5 m3 h−1 and the volume of discharged concentrate, which is added directly to the water source, is up to 0.2 m3 h−1. The volume of water circulated between the reactor and the circulating tank is many times higher than the volume of discharged water. In 24 h, the Ca and Mg contents stabilized at an equilibrium value of 80 mg L−1 for Ca and 120 mg L−1 for Mg, which corresponded to the equilibrium of formation and removal of ions from the system. The concentrate was diluted with the water in the reservoir at a ratio of 1:10, and it achieved the desired increase in Mg and Ca contents by more than 10 and 6 mg L−1, respectively.
Mechanical Properties Evaluation of Functionally Layered Cement Composites
Authors: Bagheri Ali , Sanjayan Jay , Ali Jeeva S. , Arora Jatin , Sing Karamjit 
Published: April 2022

Background:

Concrete mixtures are normally poured in single layers without intentional changes in the mixture properties within the thickness of the layers.

Objective:
In this research paper, alternative approach is introduced with Functionally Layered Concrete (FLC) composites, which have their known functions to achieve the maximum performance index.

Methods:
The performance index can be defined as the ratio of characteristics to the consumption of resources, fibres and additives. The steel fibre, polypropylene fibre, and silica fume are used in cement composites to make multilayer samples on which mechanical properties evaluations are conducted and compared to that of Mono-Layered Concrete (MLC) samples.

Results:
It is observed from the results that FLC samples have superior mechanical characteristics compared to MLC samples in terms of compressive strength, flexural strength and elastic modulus.

Conclusion:
Given that the use of fibres/additives in FLC composites is diminished, acquiring better mechanical performance with minimised consumption of resources would be possible via functionally layered composite method.
Public Transport, Ridership and Safe Travelling Environment during COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Sham Rohana , Kai Xuen Chia , Yi Ting Lee , Hye Mohammad Nazmuzaman 
Published: April 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a dramatic decrease in public transport demand. Even though public transport in Malaysia is allowed to reboot and run with total capacity after the end of a movement control order, many public transport users still worry and refuse to take public transport as their movement tools. Therefore, government and public transport service providers must pay attention to improving preventive steps to keep public transport users feeling secure. Thus, the present study proposes a research model encompassing perceived risk, standard operating procedure, and information credibility in understanding the feeling of safety among Malaysian public transport users.
Keywords: Public transport; Safety; Travelling Environment; Covid-19.
eISSN: 2398-4287 © 2022. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians/Africans/Arabians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v7i19.3217
The Effectiveness of Assistive Technologies for Older Adults and the Influence of Frailty: Systematic Literature Review of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Fotteler Marina Liselotte , Mühlbauer Viktoria , Brefka Simone , Mayer Sarah , Kohn Brigitte , Holl Felix , Swoboda Walter , Gaugisch Petra , Risch Beate , Denkinger Michael , Dallmeier Dhayana 
Published: April 2022

Background
The use of assistive technologies (ATs) to support older people has been fueled by the demographic change and technological progress in many countries. These devices are designed to assist seniors, enable independent living at home or in residential facilities, and improve quality of life by addressing age-related difficulties.

Objective
We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of ATs on relevant outcomes with a focus on frail older adults.

Methods
A systematic literature review of randomized controlled trials evaluating ATs was performed according to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. The Ovid Medline, PsycINFO, SocIndex, CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature), CENTRAL (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials), and IEEEXplore databases were searched from January 1, 2009, to March 15, 2019. ATs were included when aiming to support the domains autonomy, communication, or safety of older people with a mean age ≥65 years. Trials performed within a laboratory setting were excluded. Studies were retrospectively categorized according to the physical frailty status of participants.

Results
A total of 19 trials with a high level of heterogeneity were included in the analysis. Six device categories were identified: mobility, personal disease management, medication, mental support, hearing, and vision. Eight trials showed significant effectiveness in all or some of the primary outcome measures. Personal disease management devices seem to be the most effective, with four out of five studies showing significant improvement of disease-related outcomes. Frailty could only be assessed for seven trials. Studies including participants with significant or severe impairment showed no effectiveness.

Conclusions
Different ATs show some promising results in well-functioning but not in frail older adults, suggesting that the evaluated ATs might not (yet) be suitable for this subgroup. The uncertainty of the effectiveness of ATs and the lack of high-quality research for many promising supportive devices were confirmed in this systematic review. Large studies, also including frail older adults, and clear standards are needed in the future to guide professionals, older users, and their relatives.

Trial Registration
PROSPERO CRD42019130249; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=130249
The Prevalence and Impact of Fake News on COVID-19 Vaccination in Taiwan: Retrospective Study of Digital Media
Authors: Chen Yen-Pin , Chen Yi-Ying , Yang Kai-Chou , Lai Feipei , Huang Chien-Hua , Chen Yun-Nung , Tu Yi-Chin 
Published: April 2022

Background
Vaccination is an important intervention to prevent the incidence and spread of serious diseases. Many factors including information obtained from the internet influence individuals’ decisions to vaccinate. Misinformation is a critical issue and can be hard to detect, although it can change people's minds, opinions, and decisions. The impact of misinformation on public health and vaccination hesitancy is well documented, but little research has been conducted on the relationship between the size of the population reached by misinformation and the vaccination decisions made by that population. A number of fact-checking services are available on the web, including the Islander news analysis system, a free web service that provides individuals with real-time judgment on web news. In this study, we used such services to estimate the amount of fake news available and used Google Trends levels to model the spread of fake news. We quantified this relationship using official public data on COVID-19 vaccination in Taiwan.

Objective
In this study, we aimed to quantify the impact of the magnitude of the propagation of fake news on vaccination decisions.

Methods
We collected public data about COVID-19 infections and vaccination from Taiwan's official website and estimated the popularity of searches using Google Trends. We indirectly collected news from 26 digital media sources, using the news database of the Islander system. This system crawls the internet in real time, analyzes the news, and stores it. The incitement and suspicion scores of the Islander system were used to objectively judge news, and a fake news percentage variable was produced. We used multivariable linear regression, chi-square tests, and the Johnson-Neyman procedure to analyze this relationship, using weekly data.

Results
A total of 791,183 news items were obtained over 43 weeks in 2021. There was a significant increase in the proportion of fake news in 11 of the 26 media sources during the public vaccination stage. The regression model revealed a positive adjusted coefficient (β=0.98, P=.002) of vaccine availability on the following week's vaccination doses, and a negative adjusted coefficient (β=–3.21, P=.04) of the interaction term on the fake news percentage with the Google Trends level. The Johnson-Neiman plot of the adjusted effect for the interaction term showed that the Google Trends level had a significant negative adjustment effect on vaccination doses for the following week when the proportion of fake news exceeded 39.3%.

Conclusions
There was a significant relationship between the amount of fake news to which the population was exposed and the number of vaccination doses administered. Reducing the amount of fake news and increasing public immunity to misinformation will be critical to maintain public health in the internet age.
The Mental Health Impact of Daily News Exposure During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Ecological Momentary Assessment Study
Authors: Kellerman John K , Hamilton Jessica L , Selby Edward A , Kleiman Evan M 
Published: April 2022

Background
Consumption of distressing news media, which substantially increased during the COVID-19 pandemic, has demonstrable negative effects on mental health.

Objective
This study examines the proximal impact of daily exposure to news about COVID-19 on mental health in the first year of the pandemic.

Methods
A sample of 546 college students completed daily ecological momentary assessments (EMAs) for 8 weeks, measuring exposure to news about COVID-19, worry and optimism specifically related to COVID-19, hopelessness, and general worry.

Results
Participants completed >80,000 surveys. Multilevel mediation models indicated that greater daily exposure to news about COVID-19 is associated with higher same-day and next-day worry about the pandemic. Elevations in worry specifically about COVID-19 were in turn associated with greater next-day hopelessness and general worry. Optimism about COVID-19 mediated the relationship between daily exposure to COVID-19 news and next-day general worry but was not related to hopelessness.

Conclusions
This study demonstrates the mental health impact of daily exposure to COVID-19 news and highlights how worry about the pandemic contributes over time to hopelessness and general worry.
The Moderating Effects of Disability on Mobile Internet Use Among Older Adults: Population-Based Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Yang Eunjin , Lee Kyung Hee 
Published: April 2022

Background
The preferred devices to access the internet are changing from personal computers to mobile devices, and the number of older adults with or without disabilities is rapidly increasing in an aging society. However, little is known about the moderating effects of disability on mobile internet use among older adults.

Objective
This study aimed to examine the levels of mobile internet use and factors associated with this use among older adults according to their disabilities. In addition, moderating effects of disability on mobile internet use were investigated.

Methods
This study consisted of a secondary data analysis using the 2020 Digital Divide Survey conducted in South Korea. The single inclusion criterion was participants being aged 55 years or older; accordingly, 2243 people without disabilities and 1386 people with disabilities were included in the study. Multiple regression analyses considering complex sample designs were conducted to identify mobile internet use factors and to test the moderating effects of disability on mobile internet use.

Results
Older adults with disabilities used mobile internet less than older adults without disabilities. However, disability status had moderating effects on the relationships between mobile internet use and (1) operational skills regarding mobile devices (B=0.31, P=.004), (2) internet use skills (B=1.46, P<.001), (3) motivation to use digital devices (B=0.46, P=.01), and (4) attitude toward new technology (B=0.50, P=.002). The results revealed that these positive relationships were stronger among older adults with disabilities than among adults without disabilities.

Conclusions
Although older adults and people with disabilities are considered vulnerable populations regarding technology adoption, disability creates a stronger association between several determinants and actual mobile internet use. Therefore, policy makers and practitioners should pay attention to older adults with disabilities to deliver appropriate information-literacy education. Older adults with disabilities could be the primary beneficiaries of mobile services and new technology.
Emerging Trends and Research Foci in Artificial Intelligence for Retinal Diseases: Bibliometric and Visualization Study
Authors: Zhao Junqiang , Lu Yi , Qian Yong , Luo Yuxin , Yang Weihua 
Published: April 2022

Background
Patients with retinal diseases may exhibit serious complications that cause severe visual impairment owing to a lack of awareness of retinal diseases and limited medical resources. Understanding how artificial intelligence (AI) is used to make predictions and perform relevant analyses is a very active area of research on retinal diseases. In this study, the relevant Science Citation Index (SCI) literature on the AI of retinal diseases published from 2012 to 2021 was integrated and analyzed.

Objective
The aim of this study was to gain insights into the overall application of AI technology to the research of retinal diseases from set time and space dimensions.

Methods
Citation data downloaded from the Web of Science Core Collection database for AI in retinal disease publications from January 1, 2012, to December 31, 2021, were considered for this analysis. Information retrieval was analyzed using the online analysis platforms of literature metrology: Bibliometrc, CiteSpace V, and VOSviewer.

Results
A total of 197 institutions from 86 countries contributed to relevant publications; China had the largest number and researchers from University College London had the highest H-index. The reference clusters of SCI papers were clustered into 12 categories. “Deep learning” was the cluster with the widest range of cocited references. The burst keywords represented the research frontiers in 2018-2021, which were “eye disease” and “enhancement.”

Conclusions
This study provides a systematic analysis method on the literature regarding AI in retinal diseases. Bibliometric analysis enabled obtaining results that were objective and comprehensive. In the future, high-quality retinal image–forming AI technology with strong stability and clinical applicability will continue to be encouraged.
Growth of Kaffir Lime (<i>Citrus hystrix</i> DC) Cell Line Derived from Seed Explant After Yeast Elicitation Using Pure and Technical Grade Yeast
Authors: Rizqi Dewi Yuliana , Damayanti Frisca , Cristy Fhea Putri , Nurulita Alisa Julia , Sasongko Aries Bagus , Semiarti Endang , Tunjung Woro Anindito Sri 
Published: April 2022

The addition of elicitors in kaffir lime (Citrus hystrix DC.) culture is one of strategies for obtaining and increasing the production of secondary metabolites. Saccharomyces cerevisiae is one of the elicitors that can be used to increase secondary metabolites such as terpenoids. However, in its use, the pure cultures of S. cerevisiae are expensive. Therefore, the first objective of this study was to analyze the ability of technical grade (commercial baker’s yeast) to be used as an elicitor and measure the growth of kaffir lime cell line after being elicited by pure and technical grade (commercial baker’s yeast). The second objective is to determine the best time to subculture kaffir lime cell line after elicitation. We observed the morphology and measured the growth curve of pure and technical grade yeast until the 4th subculture generation. Furthermore, we used both grades of yeast for elicitation. Kaffir lime cell suspension was treated with 10 ppm pure grade or 5 ppm and 10 ppm technical grade yeast for 4 days. After elicitation, kaffir lime cell lines were subcultured and their growth was analyzed. The result showed that the morphology and growth curve of technical grade until 4th subculture generations was similar to the pure grade. On the other hand, after elicitation using pure and technical grade yeast and being subcultured, the growth of the elicitated kaffir lime cell line had the same pattern as the control group, but the cell density of the control group was higher than the elicitated group. The initial stationary phase of kaffir lime cell line was on the 17th day which is the best time to subculture. The subculturing process is important to maintain the viability of the kaffir lime cell line.
Prospective Study on PDL Anesthesia as an Aide to Decrease Palatal Infiltration Pain
Authors: Crump Brian , Reader Al , Nusstein John , Drum Melissa , Fowler Sara , Draper John 
Published: April 2022

Objective:
The purpose of this prospective randomized study was to assess using a periodontal ligament (PDL) injection as an aide to decrease palatal infiltration pain.

Methods:
A total of 133 subjects randomly received a PDL injection and alternative palatal infiltration or a mock PDL injection and conventional palatal infiltration at 2 separate appointments. PDL injection was given in the mid-palatal sulcus of the maxillary first molar. Mock PDL injection consisted of only needle insertion. All subjects then received a palatal infiltration administered into the blanched gingival tissue 3 mm (alternative palatal infiltration) or 7 mm (conventional palatal infiltration) from the gingival collar. Subjects recorded needle insertion and solution deposition pain using a Heft-Parker visual analog scale (VAS).

Results:
The combined PDL injection and alternative palatal infiltration had significantly decreased mean VAS ratings for needle insertion and solution deposition pain (P &lt; .0001). Incidence of moderate/severe pain for needle insertion and solution deposition was reduced from 65% to 1% and from 65% to 2%, respectively.

Conclusion:
Providing PDL anesthesia into the mid-palatal sulcus of the maxillary first molar and then administering an alternative palatal infiltration into the blanched collar around the PDL molar site led to significant reductions in needle insertion and solution deposition pain compared with a mock PDL and conventional palatal infiltration.
The Effect of Music on Preoperative Anxiety in an Operating Room: a Single-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Wakana Keiichiro , Kimura Yukifumi , Nitta Yukie , Fujisawa Toshiaki 
Published: April 2022

Objective:
This study aimed to determine the effect of music as an intervention on relieving preoperative anxiety in patients with dental fear in an outpatient operating room (OR) before intravenous sedation (IVS).

Methods:
Sixty adult patients with dental fear undergoing dental surgery under IVS were divided into 2 groups (music and nonmusic). The music group listened to music in the waiting room until immediately before the initiation of IVS whereas the nonmusic group did not. Patient anxiety was objectively measured using heart rate variability (HRV) analysis to assess the low-frequency/high-frequency ratio as an indication of sympathetic or parasympathetic nervous system activity. Subjective preoperative anxiety was evaluated with a visual analog scale (VAS).

Results:
Heart rate variability analysis failed to demonstrate any significant difference between the 2 groups from baseline to start of IVS. There were also no significant differences between the 2 groups regarding changes in VAS scores.

Conclusion:
Music intervention was not found to reduce preoperative anxiety in patients with dental fear before IVS in the dental outpatient OR as determined by HRV analysis or VAS scores.