bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ERK3‐MK5 signaling regulates myogenic differentiation and muscle regeneration by promoting FoxO3 degradation
Authors: Soulez Mathilde , Tanguay Pierre‐Luc , Dô Florence , Dort Junio , Crist Colin , Kotlyarov Alexey , Gaestel Matthias , Ferron Mathieu , Dumont Nicolas A. , Meloche Sylvain 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe physiological functions and downstream effectors of the atypical mitogen‐activated protein kinase extracellular signal‐regulated kinase 3 (ERK3) remain to be characterized. We recently reported that mice expressing catalytically‐inactive ERK3 (Mapk6KD/KD) exhibit a reduced postnatal growth rate as compared to control mice. Here, we show that genetic inactivation of ERK3 impairs postnatal skeletal muscle growth and adult muscle regeneration after injury. Loss of MAPK‐activated protein kinase 5 (MK5) phenocopies the muscle phenotypes of Mapk6KD/KD mice. At the cellular level, genetic or pharmacological inactivation of ERK3 or MK5 induces precocious differentiation of C2C12 or primary myoblasts, concomitant with MyoD activation. Reciprocally, ectopic expression of activated MK5 inhibits myogenic differentiation. Mechanistically, we show that MK5 directly phosphorylates FoxO3, promoting its degradation and reducing its association with MyoD. Depletion of FoxO3 rescues in part the premature differentiation of C2C12 myoblasts observed upon inactivation of ERK3 or MK5. Our findings reveal that ERK3 and its substrate MK5 act in a linear signaling pathway to control postnatal myogenic differentiation.
Patterns of utilization and evaluation of advanced practice providers on academic hospital medicine teams: A national survey
Authors: Shannon Evan M. , Cauley Marissa , Vitale Matthew , Wines Leanne , Chopra Vineet , Greysen S. Ryan , Herzig Shoshana J. , Kripalani Sunil , O'Leary Kevin J. , Vasilevskis Eduard E. , Williams Mark V. , Auerbach Andrew D. , Mueller Stephanie K. , Schnipper Jeffrey L. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis survey study aimed to provide a contemporary appraisal of advanced practice provider (APP) practice and to summarize perceptions of the benefits and challenges of integrating APPs into adult academic hospital medicine (HM) groups. We surveyed leaders of academic HM groups. We received responses from 43 of 86 groups (50%) surveyed. Thirty‐four (79%) reported that they employed APPs. In most groups (85%), APPs were reported to perform daily tasks of patient care, including rounding and documentation. Less than half of the groups reported that APPs had completed HM‐specific postgraduate training. The reported benefits of APPs included improved perceived quality of care and greater volume of patients that could be seen. Reported challenges included training requirements and support for new hires. Further investigation is needed to determine which APP team structures deliver the highest quality care. There may be a role for expanding standardized competency‐based postgraduate training for APPs planning to practice HM.
The operational tensions in using compensation to resolve wartime mass property claims
Authors: Unruh Jon D. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe inclination to pursue monetary compensation to solve difficult large‐scale housing, land, and property (HLP) claims problems resulting from wartime population dislocation as part of peacebuilding efforts has become common in recent years. Certain donors, countries, militaries, nongovernmental organisations (NGOs), and policy organisations see compensation as a relatively quick, easy, and conclusive solution to massive numbers of destabilizing HLP claims. This article examines such a preference and finds that while the international legal, human rights, and moral foundations for using compensation in this way are significantly developed, a series of operational tensions exists that preclude compensation from being the easy remedy it is often thought to be.
Five years of #MedRadJClub: An impact evaluation of an established twitter journal club
Authors: Bolderston Amanda , Meeking Kim , Snaith Bev , Watson Julia , Westerink Adam , Woznitza Nick 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIntroductionTwitter journal clubs are a relatively new adaptation of an established continuing professional development (CPD) activity within healthcare. The medical radiation science (MRS) journal club ‘MedRadJClub’ (MRJC) was founded in March 2015 by a group of academics, researchers and clinicians as an international forum for the discussion of peer‐reviewed papers. To investigate the reach and impact of MRJC, a five‐year analysis was conducted.MethodsTweetchat data (number of participants, tweets and impressions) for the first five years of MRJC were extracted and chat topics organised into themes. Fifth anniversary MRJC chat tweets were analysed and examples of academic and professional outputs were collated.ResultsA total of 59 chats have been held over five years with a mean of 41 participants and 483,000 impressions per hour‐long synchronous chat. Ten different tweetchat themes were identified, with student engagement/preceptorship the most popular. Eight posters or oral presentations at conferences, one social media workshop and four papers have been produced. Qualitative analysis revealed five core themes relating to the perceived benefits of participation in MRJC: (1) CPD and research impact, (2) professional growth and influencing practice, (3) interdisciplinary learning and inclusion, (4) networking and social support and (5) globalisation.ConclusionMRJC is a unique, multi‐professional, global community with consistent engagement. It is beneficial for both CPD, research engagement, dissemination and socialisation within the MRS community.
On the road toward highly efficient and large volume three‐dimensional‐printed liquid chromatography columns?
Authors: Gritti Fabrice , Nawada Suhas 
Published: February 2022

The current performance of commercially packed liquid chromatography columns is limited by the random structure of the packed bed and by the wall‐to‐center heterogeneity of its structure. The minimum reduced plate heights observed are not smaller than 1.4, whereas they could theoretically be as low as 0.1 for dense and perfectly ordered packings of spheres. To bridge this gap, a wide inner diameter column with an ordered macroporous structure is printed in three dimensions by stereolithography of poly(ethylene glycol diacrylate) resin. Feature sizes below 100 μm are achieved by combining conventional polymer stereolithography with photolithography using photomasks. A layer‐by‐layer polymerization is performed by alternating two distinct photomasks having horizontally and vertically oriented patterns. Despite the inevitable printing imperfections, minimum reduced plate heights around unity are measured for nonretained analytes. The next challenges for the successful printing of highly efficient and large volume liquid chromatography columns are threefold: reducing the feature size down to below 10 μm, keeping minimum the unevenness of the flow channel dimensions, and tackling additive manufacturing of silica aerogels at such small feature sizes for higher mechanical stability and broader range of retention/selectivity than those delivered by polymer materials.
Effect of Culture Conditions on Cellulose Production by a Komagataeibacter xylinus Strain
Authors: Zhang Heng , Chen Chuntao , Yang Jiazhi , Sun Bianjing , Lin Jianbin , Sun Dongping 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBacterial cellulose (BC) is an abundant biopolymer with a wide range of potential industrial applications. However, the industrial application of BC has been hampered by inefficient production. This study aims to investigate the influence of a spontaneous mutation that results in decreased cellulose production by a Komagataeibacter xylinus strain. The yields of cellulose are significantly different under different culture conditions, which imply that the shearing force is responsible for the selection of spontaneous mutants. Fermenter culture conditions under shake‐flask culture conditions are further simulated. The shearing force activates the conversion of microbial cells to Cel− mutants, and the accumulation of water‐soluble exopolysaccharides is observed. The Cel+ cells under agitated culture are not easily converted into Cel− mutants upon the addition of water‐soluble exopolysaccharides synthesized by K. xylinus and a viscous polysaccharide, such as xanthan gum. The conversion ratio of Cel+ cells to Cel− mutants is strongly related to the shearing force and viscosity of the fermentation broth. The synthetic pathways of bacterial cellulose and water‐soluble polysaccharides are independent of each other at the genetic level. However, a substrate competitive relationship between these two polysaccharides is found, which is significant in terms of the optimization of cellulose production in commercial processes.
Data Mining Meets Machine Learning: A Novel ANN‐based Multi‐body Interaction Docking Scoring Function (MBI‐score) Based on Utilizing Frequent Geometric and Chemical Patterns of Interfacial Atoms in Native Protein‐ligand Complexes
Authors: Khashan Raed , Tropsha Alexander , Zheng Weifan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAccurate prediction of binding poses is crucial to structure‐based drug design. We employ two powerful artificial intelligence (AI) approaches, data‐mining and machine‐learning, to design artificial neural network (ANN) based pose‐scoring function. It is a simple machine‐learning‐based statistical function that employs frequent geometric and chemical patterns of interacting atoms at protein‐ligand interfaces. The patterns are derived by mining interfaces of “native” protein‐ligand complexes. Each interface is represented by a graph where nodes are atoms and edges connect protein‐ligand interfacial atoms located within certain cutoff distance of each other. Applying frequent subgraph mining to these interfaces provides “native” frequent patterns of interacting atoms. Subsequently, given a pose for a protein‐ligand complex of interest, the pose‐scoring function (the information‐processing unit or neuron) calculates the degree of matching between the interaction patterns present at the pose's interface and the native frequent patterns. The pose‐scoring function takes into account the frequency of occurrence of the matching native patterns, the size of the match, and the degree of geometrical similarity between pose‐specific and matching native frequent patterns. This novel “multi‐body interaction” pose‐scoring function (MBI‐Score) was validated using two databases, PDBbind and Astex‐85, and it outperformed seven commonly used commercial scoring functions. MBI‐Score is available atwww.khashanlab.org/mbi‐score.
Respiration induced B1+ changes and their impact on universal and tailored 3D kT‐point parallel transmission pulses for 7T cardiac imaging
Authors: Aigner Christoph Stefan , Dietrich Sebastian , Schmitter Sebastian 
Published: February 2022

PurposeHuman heart imaging at ultra‐high fields is highly challenging because of respiratory motion‐induced artefacts and spatially heterogeneous profiles. This work demonstrates that respiration resolved 3D ‐maps can be used with a dedicated tailored and universal parallel transmission (pTx) pulse design to compensate respiration related changes in subjects performing shallow and deep breathing (SB/DB).MethodsThree‐dimensional (3D) ‐maps of the thorax were acquired in 31 subjects under SB and in 15 subjects under SB and DB. Different universal and tailored non‐selective pTx pulses were designed from non‐respiration resolved (NRR) and respiration resolved (RR) reconstructions of the SB/DB ‐maps. The performance of all pulses was tested with RR‐SB/DB ‐maps. Respiration‐robust tailored and universal pulses were applied in vivo in 5 subjects at 7T in 3D gradient‐echo free‐breathing scans.ResultsAll optimized pTx pulses performed well for SB. For DB, however, only the universal and the tailored respiration‐robust pulses achieved homogeneous flip angles (FAs) in all subjects and across all respiration states, whereas the tailored respiration‐specific pulses resulted in a higher FA variation. The respiration‐robust universal pulse resulted in an average coefficient of variation in the FA maps of 12.6% compared to 8.2% achieved by tailored respiration‐robust pulses. In vivo measurements at 7T demonstrate the benefits of using respiration‐robust pulses for DB.ConclusionUniversal and tailored respiration‐robust pTx pulses based on RR ‐maps are highly preferred to achieve 3D heart FA homogenization at 7T when subjects perform DB, whereas universal and tailored pulses based on NRR ‐maps are sufficient when subjects perform SB.
Multi‐patch variational differential quadrature method for shear‐deformable strain gradient plates
Authors: Torabi Jalal , Niiranen Jarkko , Ansari Reza 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe integration of generalized differential quadrature techniques and finite element (FE) methods has been developed during the past decade for engineering problems within classical continuum theories. Hence, the main objective of the present study is to propose a novel numerical strategy called the multi‐patch variational differential quadrature (VDQ) method to model the structural behavior of plate structures obeying the shear deformation plate theory within the strain gradient elasticity theory. The idea is to divide the two‐dimensional solution domain of the plate model into sub‐domains, called patches, and then to apply the VDQ method along with the FE mapping technique for each patch. The formulation is presented in a weak form and due to the ‐continuity requirements the corresponding compatibility conditions are applied through the patch interfaces. The Lagrange multiplier technique and the penalty method are implemented to apply the higher‐order compatibility conditions and boundary conditions, respectively. To show the efficiency of the proposed method, numerical results are provided for plate structures with both regular and irregular solution domains. The provided numerical examples demonstrate the applicability and accuracy of the method in predicting the bending and vibration behavior of plate structures following the higher‐order plate model.
Family members' experience of well‐being as racial/ethnic minorities raising a child with a neurodevelopmental disorder: A qualitative meta‐synthesis
Authors: Emmanuel Crisma J. , Knafl Kathleen A. , Hodges Eric A. , Docherty Sharron L. , O'Shea Thomas Michael , Santos Hudson P. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractRaising a child with a neurodevelopmental disorder has often been associated with poorer quality of life and family functioning. Yet, many family members describe themselves as resilient and capable of achieving well‐being. Whether and how this occurs in racial/ethnic minority families remains largely unexplored. The aim of this study was to systematically synthesize qualitative studies exploring how families from a racial/ethnic minority background in the United States (1) experienced well‐being and (2) responded to challenges they faced while caring for a child diagnosed with three selected neurodevelopmental disorders: autism spectrum disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and intellectual disability. A systematic literature search was conducted in November and December of 2019 and updated in October 2021. Three themes were developed based on included studies: “moving toward well‐being as a caregiver,” “family and culture: impact on well‐being,” and “community and culture: impact on well‐being.” The findings in this review indicate that to develop well‐being, racial/ethnic minority families faced additional barriers, including racial/ethnic discrimination and stigma within their family and cultural community. The knowledge generated has the potential to identify areas of intervention to promote resilience and well‐being in racial/ethnic minority families raising a child with a neurodevelopmental disorder.
Infant weight growth patterns, childhood BMI, and arterial health at age 10 years
Authors: Monasso Giulietta S. , Silva Carolina C. V. , Santos Susana , Goncalvez Romy , Gaillard Romy , Felix Janine F. , Jaddoe Vincent W. V. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectiveAssociations of obesity with cardiovascular disease may originate in childhood. This study examined critical periods for BMI in relation to arterial health at school age.MethodsAmong 4,731 children from a prospective cohort study, associations of infant peak weight velocity, both age and BMI at adiposity peak, and BMI trajectories with carotid artery intima‐media thickness and carotid artery distensibility at 10 years were examined.ResultsA 1‐standard deviation score (SDS) higher peak weight velocity and BMI at adiposity peak were associated with higher intima‐media thickness (0.10 SDS; 95% CI: 0.06 to 0.13 and 0.08 SDS; 95% CI: 0.05 to 0.12) and lower distensibility (−0.07 SDS; 95% CI: −0.10 to −0.03 and −0.07 SDS; 95% CI: −0.11 to −0.03) at 10 years. For distensibility, current BMI explained these associations. Children within the highest BMI tertile at ages 2 and 10 years had the lowest distensibility (p < 0.05), but similar intima‐media thickness, compared with children constantly within the middle tertile.ConclusionsInfant weight growth patterns and childhood BMI are associated with subtle differences in carotid intima‐media thickness and carotid distensibility at school age. For distensibility, current BMI seems critical. Follow‐up is needed to determine whether these associations lead to adult cardiovascular disease.
Maximum power tracking of variable‐speed wind energy conversion systems based on a near‐optimal servomechanism control system
Authors: Sarsembayev Bayandy , Zholtayev Darkhan , Do Ton Duc 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn this article, integral servomechanism based state‐dependent Riccati equation (SDRE) nonlinear output feedback control for wind energy conversion systems (WECSs) has been proposed. The numerical off‐line solving the proposed SDRE control requires to formulate algebraic Riccati equation and algebraic Lyapunov equation. This method approximates the solution of SDRE with Taylor series expansions which are solved with MATLAB solvers. The maximum power point tracking is achieved by defining relation between the optimal angular shaft speed and maximum power providing optimal tip speed ratio in variable‐speed WECSs. The proposed control can significantly reduce the angular shaft speed errors of the permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG)‐based WECSs without use of disturbance observers to compensate model uncertainties, modeling errors and noise as in the conventional SDRE control method. The simulation results demonstrate the superior results under mean average errors and root mean square error evaluation methods of the angular shaft speed of PMSG. The performance of the proposed integral servomechanism based SDRE control system has been improved by 80.67% and 80.05% in both scenarios compared to the conventional SDRE control based on compensation technique with disturbance observers.
Improve the bonding between wood veneer and wood fiber/high‐density polyethylene composite board for decoration
Authors: Zhou Xuelian , Shen Tingwen , Sun Yanan , Dun Mengyuan , Shan Weidong , Wang Weihong 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWood fiber reinforced thermoplastic composites are regarded as a kind of environmentally friendly material obtained by combining recycled thermoplastic and wood fibers together. However, they are difficult to be decorated for using due to their non‐polar, dense, and smooth surface characteristics. In this study, methods for improving the bonding strength between wood veneer and wood fiber/high‐density polyethylene (WF/HDPE) board were explored. A macromolecular coupling agent, allyl polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene epoxy‐terminated polyether (AEPH) grafted γ‐aminopropyl triethoxysilane (KH‐550) was synthesized to treat wood veneer prior to lamination with WF/HDPE board. For further improving the bonding strength between wood veneer and WF/HDPE board, a low‐density polyethylene (LLDPE) film was inserted between as adhesive. As control, KH‐550, a commonly used coupling agent and water were also used to treat the veneer. Infrared spectroscopy measurement showed that the LLDPE film combines well with both the veneer and WF/HDPE composite board. Surface bonding strength test proved that all treated veneers significantly improved the combination with WF/HDPE substrated and the LLDPE intermediate film played a key role in it. The veneering endowed the WF/HDPE composite board much better flexural properties, up to 77.39 MPa, which is 50% higher than that of WF/HDPE substrate. The AEPH‐KH‐550‐treated veneer presented the highest bonding strength and best water resistant for glue line.
Retrospective identification of prenatal fetal anomalies associated with diagnostic neonatal genomic sequencing results
Authors: Zhang‐Rutledge Kathy , Owen Mallory , Sweeney Nathaly M. , Dimmock David , Kingsmore Stephen F. , Laurent Louise C. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo determine which types of fetal anomalies are associated with postnatal diagnoses of genetic diseases by genomic sequencing and to assess how prenatal genomic sequencing could affect clinical management.MethodThis was a secondary analysis of the second Newborn Sequencing in Genomic Medicine and Public Health study that compared fetal imaging results in critically ill infants who had actionable versus negative postnatal genomic sequencing results.ResultsOf 213 infants who received genomic sequencing, 80 had available prenatal ultrasounds. Twenty‐one (26%) of these were found to have genetic diseases by genomic sequencing. Fourteen (67%) of the 21 with genetic diseases had suspected anomalies prenatally, compared with 33 (56%) of 59 with negative results. Among fetuses with suspected anomalies, genetic diseases were 4.5 times more common in those with multiple anomalies and 6.7 times more common in those with anomalies of the extremities compared to those with negative results. Had the genetic diseases been diagnosed prenatally, clinical management would have been altered in 13 of 14.ConclusionCritically ill infants with diagnostic genomic sequencing were more likely to have multiple anomalies and anomalies of the extremities on fetal imaging. Among almost all infants with suspected fetal anomalies and diagnostic genomic sequencing results, prenatal diagnosis would have likely altered clinical management.
Assessing anxiety in youth with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Moskowitz Lauren J. , Braconnier Megan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAnxiety is now recognized as one of the most common co‐occurring conditions in youth diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Despite the prevalence of this comorbid condition, accurate assessment and diagnosis of anxiety in ASD has proven difficult. This paper will address the considerable research literature on assessing anxiety in youth with ASD, including difficulties related to assessment and differential diagnosis. In addition, this paper will describe relevant tools and methods for assessing anxiety in this complex population.