bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estimate of genetic variants using CNV‐Seq for fetuses with oligohydramnios or polyhydramnios
Authors: Shi Panlai , Hou Yaqin , Chen Duo , Ren Huanan , Xia Yanjie , Kong Xiangdong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundOligohydramnios or polyhydramnios, is associated with chromosomal aberrations, particularly aneuploidy. However, its correlation with copy number variation (CNV) remains unclear.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 428 cases with an abnormal level of amniotic fluid, comprising of 139 cases of single ultrasound findings (SU group) and 289 cases of multiple ultrasound findings (MU group), by CNV sequencing (CNV‐Seq) and followed their pregnancy outcomes.ResultsThe overall detection rate of clinically significant findings was 8%, with 5% in the SU group and 11% in MU group. Besides, 18 microdeletion/microduplication syndromes were detected, with the highest rate of renal cysts and diabetes syndrome (22%, 4/18). Also, the rate of termination of pregnancy in MU group was much higher than that in the SU group (29% vs. 10%, ***p < 0.001), and in the MU‐oligohydramnios subgroup, it was the highest (34%), regardless of cases with chromosomal anomaly and lost to follow‐up.ConclusionOur results showed that the abnormal level of amniotic fluid, especially combined with other ultrasound abnormalities, is closely related to chromosomal abnormalities and genetic CNVs. CNV‐Seq may be useful in investigating pregnancies with an abnormal amniotic fluid level.
Cytochrome‐mediated direct electron uptake from metallic iron by Methanosarcina acetivorans
Authors: Holmes Dawn E. , Tang Haiyan , Woodard Trevor , Liang Dandan , Zhou Jinjie , Liu Xinying , Lovley Derek R. 
Published: November 2022

Impact statementMethane‐producing microorganisms accelerate the corrosion of iron‐containing metals. Previous studies have inferred that some methanogens might directly accept electrons from Fe(0), but when this possibility was more intensively investigated, H2 was shown to be an intermediary electron carrier between Fe(0) and methanogens. Here, we report that Methanosarcina acetivorans catalyzes direct metal‐to‐microbe electron transfer to support methane production. Deletion of the gene for the multiheme, outer‐surface c‐type cytochrome MmcA eliminated methane production from Fe(0), consistent with the key role of MmcA in other forms of extracellular electron exchange. These findings, coupled with the previous demonstration that outer‐surface c‐type cytochromes are also electrical contacts for electron uptake from Fe(0) by Geobacter and Shewanella species, suggest that the presence of multiheme c‐type cytochromes on corrosion surfaces might be diagnostic for direct metal‐to‐microbe electron transfer and that interfering with cytochrome function might be a strategy to mitigate corrosion.
Surgeon and physiotherapist approaches to operative or non‐operative management of people with recurrent patellar dislocation: A case‐based UK survey
Authors: Irving Lisa , Smith Toby O. , Mandalia Vipul I. , Pratt Arthur , Dowen Daniel 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundPhysiotherapists are often key decision‐makers on when to refer patients with recurrent patellar dislocation for surgical opinion. Limited guidance exists to aid this decision. Differences in orthopaedic surgeons' and physiotherapists' views on which patients and when to refer people for surgical consideration or non‐operative care may affect outcome. This study aimed to explore orthopaedic surgeons and physiotherapists decision‐making surrounding treatment opinions for patients with recurrent patellar dislocation.MethodsAn online survey performed. UK registered and practicing orthopaedic surgeons and physiotherapists were invited to participate. The survey utilised two vignettes and a series of related questions to ascertain respondents' views on decision‐making to surgical referral for people with recurrent patellar dislocation. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and inferential statistical tests to explore factors related to responses.ResultsEighty four respondent surveys were analysed (38 surgeons, 46 physiotherapists). Overall, there was a low level of agreement amongst respondents for the management of the vignettes (k = 0.215, p = < 0.0005). Some disparity existed between the professions on the definition of recurrent patellar dislocations and the clinical features which may require an early surgical assessment. Physiotherapists were three times more likely to delay a surgical opinion for the vignettes presented in this study than the surgeons.ConclusionThis is the first study to investigate orthopaedic surgeons' and physiotherapists' views on decision‐making around surgical or non‐operative management for recurrent patellar dislocations. High‐quality research is required to underpin explicit guidance on decision‐making regarding management of recurrent patellar dislocation.
Path analysis of factors affecting depression in medical students
Authors: Bahroodi Parisasadat , Zeighami Reza , Sheidaei Ali 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDepression is more prevalent among medical students. Its level can be changed by different factors. The present study was designed and implemented in order to determine the path analysis of factors affecting depression in students of Qazvin University of Medical Sciences. This descriptive‐analytical study was conducted on 291 randomly selected students of Qazvin University of Medical Sciences in 2018. Data were collected using demographic characteristics questionnaires, Beck Depression Inventory and Gadzla Academic Stress Questionnaire. The data were analysed using one‐way ANOVA and F test, independent t‐test, and Pearson correlation coefficient in SPSS software version 22, and significance level 0.05. According to the path analysis final model, there was a significant relationship between age and hope for continuing education with academic stress, and there was no significant relationship between satisfaction and academic stress. There was a significant relationship between age, hope for continuing education, academic satisfaction and stress with depression (p < 0.001). According to the obtained results, measures should be taken in order to reduce individual and environmental stresses and factors effective in depression. Detection and follow‐up in disease cases, especially in the younger generation, is important in preventing debilitative effects of the disease, and its consequences should be prevented by quick and timely detection.
A tale of two lipids: Lipid unsaturation commands ferroptosis sensitivity
Authors: Rodencal Jason , Dixon Scott J. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMembrane lipids play important roles in the regulation of cell fate, including the execution of ferroptosis. Ferroptosis is a non‐apoptotic cell death mechanism defined by iron‐dependent membrane lipid peroxidation. Phospholipids containing polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are highly vulnerable to peroxidation and are essential for ferroptosis execution. By contrast, the incorporation of less oxidizable monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) in membrane phospholipids protects cells from ferroptosis. The enzymes and pathways that govern PUFA and MUFA metabolism therefore play a critical role in determining cellular sensitivity to ferroptosis. Here, we review three lipid metabolic processes—fatty acid biosynthesis, ether lipid biosynthesis, and phospholipid remodeling—that can govern ferroptosis sensitivity by regulating the balance of PUFAs and MUFAs in membrane phospholipids.
Neuropeptide F regulates feeding via the juvenile hormone pathway in Ostrinia furnacalis larvae
Authors: Yu Zhuofan , Shi Jian , Jiang Xuemin , Song Yu , Du Juan , Zhao Zhangwu 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDFeeding by pests is one of the most important reasons for reductions in agricultural crop yield. This study aimed to reveal how juvenile hormone (JH) participates in larval feeding regulation of the Asian corn borer Ostrinia furnacalis.RESULTSLarvae of O. furnacalis exhibit a daily circadian feeding rhythm, with a peak at ZT18 and a trough at ZT6 under both photoperiod (LD) and constant dark (DD) conditions, which may be eliminated by application of fenoxycarb, a JH active analogue. JH negatively regulates larval feeding as a downstream factor of neuropeptide F (NPF), in which knocking down JH increases larval feeding amount along with body weight and length. The production of JH in the brain–corpora cardiaca–corpora allata (brain–CC–CA) is regulated by brain NPF rather than gut NPF, which was demonstrated in Drosophila larvae through GAL4/UAS genetic analysis. In addition, feeding regulation of JH is closely related to energy homeostasis in the fat body by inhibiting energy storage and promoting degradation. The JH analogue fenoxycarb is an effective pesticide against O. furnacalis, controlling feeding and metabolism.CONCLUSIONThe brain NPF system regulates JH, with functions in food consumption, feeding rhythms, energy homeostasis and body size. This study provides an important basis for understanding the feeding mechanism and potential pest control of O. furnacalis. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Physics‐data‐fusion based decoupling model for coupled faults of complex electromechanical systems
Authors: Xu Jinjin , Wang Rongxi , Liang Zeming , Liu Pengpeng , Gao Jianmin , Wang Zhen 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCoupled faults are formed by the nonlinear coupling of multiple lower‐level faults in complex electromechanical systems (CES). Although fault decoupling plays a crucial role in locating fault cause and isolating fault components, it still faces challenges due to the harsh reality of common mode failure, networked propagation, and a lack of accurate fault mechanism knowledge in the fault coupling process. A novel physics‐data‐fusion‐based decoupling model for coupled faults of CES was proposed using standard meta components, rigorous formulation, and intuitive representation. First, a hierarchical graph representing the static complex decoupling model was defined by composing proposed meta models. Second, the dynamic model parameters inspired by the time‐varying fault characteristics were determined using real‐time operation data analysis. Then, based on a proposed numerical reasoning formula, the most likely fault cause was determined, which can also identify fault level by level. Finally, the decoupling model was proved to be reasonable and effective with an offshore wind turbine case. As a graphical modelling method, it handles the decoupling process by fusing static physics and dynamic data of coupled faults. While inheriting the benefits of conventional models, it overcomes the limitations of these existing methods for real‐time results. Moreover, the proposed method provided a foundation for tracing the root cause of performance fluctuations, fault detection, and isolation of CES.
A comparative analysis of maximum likelihood estimation and artificial neural network modeling to assess electrical component reliability
Authors: Çolak Andaç Batur , Sindhu Tabassum Naz , Lone Showkat Ahmad , Akhtar Md Tanwir , Shafiq Anum 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis study focuses on accurately predicting the behavior of new power function distribution using neural network and optimizing it using maximum likelihood estimation. The main motivation of this study is that there is no study in the literature that optimizes and predicts the reliability analysis of lifetime models by combining artificial neural networks and maximum likelihood estimation methods. The numerical findings of the reliability investigations and the values got from maximum likelihood estimation and artificial neural network modeling have been examined and investigated carefully. For the artificial neural network models, the R value was 0.99999 and the deviation ratios were lower than 0.08%. The findings reveal that artificial neural networks are a powerful and useful mathematical tool for analyzing the reliability of lifetime models and numerical study findings via maximum likelihood estimation are completely in accord with artificial neural network prediction results.
A Giant solitary fibrous tumour resected through median sternotomy
Authors: Rimpa Theofani , Athanassiadi Kalliopi , Eleftheriou Kostantinos , Vourlakou Christina , Chrysovergis Ioannis , Diakonikolaou Zacharias , Katsaounou Paraskevi , Kalomenidis Ioannis 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSolitary fibrous tumour of the pleura (SFT) is rare neoplasms and consist less than 5% of the primary tumours of the pleura. In the English literature, very few cases of giant solitary fibrous tumours have been described. We report a clinical case of an intrathoracic giant SFT of the pleura in a 62‐year‐old female patient. Additionally, we reviewed the clinical, imaging and histopathological features, the therapeutic management and the clinical course of giant SFTs published in the English literature. For this, we conducted a comprehensive electronic search at the PubMed using the key words giant, huge, big and enormous.
Unknown input observer design for linear time‐invariant systems—A unifying framework
Authors: Tranninger Markus , Niederwieser Helmut , Seeber Richard , Horn Martin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis article presents a new observer design approach for linear time invariant multivariable systems subject to unknown inputs. The design is based on a transformation to the so‐called special coordinate basis (SCB). This form reveals important system properties like invertability or the finite and infinite zero structure. Depending on the system's strong observability properties, the SCB allows for a straightforward unknown input observer design utilizing linear or nonlinear observers design techniques. The chosen observer design technique does not only depend on the system properties, but also on the desired convergence behavior of the observer. Hence, the proposed design procedure can be seen as a unifying framework for unknown input observer design.
Distributed adaptive NN control for nonlinear multi‐agent systems with function constraints on states
Authors: Ma Yuzhen , Yuan Fengyi , Liu Yan‐Jun , Liu Lei , Xu Tongyu 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAn adaptive neural network (NN) distributed tracking control strategy is proposed for nonlinear strict‐feedback multi‐agent systems, which is affected by time‐varying full state constraints. The influence of asymmetric state constraints is also considered. The constraint bounds are related to both state vectors and time. Different from the usual constant boundary or function boundary, the constraint boundary adopted in this article not only considers the influence of state variables, but also takes time into consideration, which makes the constraint boundary more flexible and more difficult to solve. In addition, in order to solve the disturbance of the unknown function in the system, this article adopts the NN technology to realize the approximation effect of the unknown function, and designs a adaptive distributed controller based on the asymmetric obstacle Lyapunov function and backward step method, the closed‐loop signals are proved to be CSUUB. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by a simulation example.
Nanostructure Engineering of Sn‐Based Catalysts for Efficient Electrochemical CO2 Reduction
Authors: Ren Tiyao , Miao Zhengpei , Ren Lu , Xie Huan , Li Qing , Xia Changlei 
Published: November 2022

AbstractExcessive anthropogenic CO2 emission has caused a series of ecological and environmental issues, which threatens mankind's sustainable development. Mimicking the natural photosynthesis process (i.e., artificial photosynthesis) by electrochemically converting CO2 into value‐added products is a promising way to alleviate CO2 emission and relieve the dependence on fossil fuels. Recently, Sn‐based catalysts have attracted increasing research attentions due to the merits of low price, abundance, non‐toxicity, and environmental benignancy. In this review, the paradigm of nanostructure engineering for efficient electrochemical CO2 reduction (ECO2R) on Sn‐based catalysts is systematically summarized. First, the nanostructure engineering of size, composition, atomic structure, morphology, defect, surficial modification, catalyst/substrate interface, and single‐atom structure, are systematically discussed. The influence of nanostructure engineering on the electronic structure and adsorption property of intermediates, as well as the performance of Sn‐based catalysts for ECO2R are highlighted. Second, the potential chemical state changes and the role of surface hydroxides on Sn‐based catalysts during ECO2R are introduced. Third, the challenges and opportunities of Sn‐based catalysts for ECO2R are proposed. It is expected that this review inspires the further development of highly efficient Sn‐based catalysts, meanwhile offer protocols for the investigation of Sn‐based catalysts.
Synergistic Effect of Fe Single‐Atom Catalyst for Highly Efficient Microwave‐Stimulated Remediation of Chloramphenicol‐Contaminated Soil
Authors: Zhou Chang , Sun Qi‐Meng , Cao Qiang , He Jing‐Hui , Lu Jian‐Mei 
Published: November 2022

AbstractChloramphenicol (CAP) has long been used extensively in agriculture and is severely toxic to the biological environment. Microwave catalysis appears a promising method for soil remediation due to its fast and effective heat transfer, but it is challenging to prepare catalysts with good electromagnetic wave absorption and robust catalytic activity. In this study, atomically dispersed Fe on three‐dimensional N‐doped carbon supports (3D Fe‐NC) is firstly used for microwave remediation of soil. Thanks to the synergistic effect of microwave “hot spots” and reactive oxygen species (•OH, •O2−), 3D Fe‐NC can completely remove 99.9% of CAP in 5 min. The removal rate constant is nearly twice that of commercial activated carbon. Significantly, the germination rate of lettuce seeds in microwave‐repaired soil contaminated by CAP reaches 70%. This work demonstrates the application of Fe single‐atom catalyst in microwave remediation of contaminated soil, providing a novel insight for agricultural soil remediation.
Brain‐Targeted HFn‐Cu‐REGO Nanoplatform for Site‐Specific Delivery and Manipulation of Autophagy and Cuproptosis in Glioblastoma
Authors: Jia Wenhui , Tian Hailong , Jiang Jingwen , Zhou Li , Li Lei , Luo Maochao , Ding Ning , Nice Edouard C. , Huang Canhua , Zhang Haiyuan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDurable glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) management requires long‐term chemotherapy after surgery to eliminate remaining cancerous tissues. Among chemotherapeutics, temozolomide is considered as the first‐line drug for GBM therapy, but the treatment outcome is not satisfactory. Notably, regorafenib, an oral multi‐kinase inhibitor, has been reported to exert a markedly superior effect on GBM suppression compared with temozolomide. However, poor site‐specific delivery and bioavailability significantly restrict the efficient permeability of regorafenib to brain lesions and compromise its treatment efficacy. Therefore, human H‐ferritin (HFn), regorafenib, and Cu2+ are rationally designed as a brain‐targeted nanoplatform (HFn‐Cu‐REGO NPs), fulfilling the task of site‐specific delivery and manipulating autophagy and cuproptosis against GBM. Herein, HFn affords a preferential accumulation capacity to GBM due to transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1)‐mediated active targeting and pH‐responsive delivery behavior. Moreover, regorafenib can inhibit autophagosome‐lysosome fusion, resulting in lethal autophagy arrest in GBM cells. Furthermore, Cu2+ not only facilitates the encapsulation of regorafenib to HFn through coordination interaction but also disturbs copper homeostasis for triggering cuproptosis, resulting in a synergistical effect with regorafenib‐mediated lethal autophagy arrest against GBM. Therefore, this work may broaden the clinical application scope of Cu2+ and regorafenib in GBM treatment via modulating autophagy and cuproptosis.
Interfacial Engineering of Co3O4/Fe2O3 Nano‐Heterostructure Toward Superior Li‐O2 Batteries
Authors: Zhao Yajun , Tang Wenhao , Liu Wenhong , Kong Xianghua , Zhang Dawei , Luo Hao , Teng Kewei , Liu Ruiping 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA major issue with Li‐O2 batteries is their slow oxygen reduction and evolution kinetics, necessitating catalysts with high catalytic activity to improve reaction kinetics and cycle stability. Herein, a nano‐heterostructured catalyst composed of Co3O4 and Fe2O3 (Co3O4/Fe2O3) with a porous rod morphology is achieved through an interfacial engineering strategy by constructing Fe2O3 on the Co3O4 surface, which can function as a high‐performance cathode in order to efficiently encourage the oxygen reduction and evolution while also reduce the battery polarization during charging and discharging. The density functional theory (DFT) calculations show the differences in charge density at the interface of nano‐heterostructures, demonstrating the occurrence of an electron transfer process in the interface region of Co3O4 and Fe2O3, implying a strong electronic coupling transfer, and in turn changing the electronic structure of the Co3O4. This significantly reduces the adsorption energy of LiO2 intermediates, thereby effectively lowering the overpotential. The resultant Li‐O2 battery has larger discharge specific capacity, lower overpotential for the efficient oxygen evolution/reduction, as well as good cycling stability of 280 cycles. This work demonstrates an effective method to fabricate the nano‐heterostrucutred materials with enhanced catalytic efficiency for advanced energy applications.
Temperature‐Regulated Core Swelling and Asymmetric Shrinkage for Tunable Yolk@Shell Polydopamine@Mesoporous Silica Nanostructures
Authors: Qiao Minghang , Xing Yi , Xie Lei , Kong Biao , Kleitz Freddy , Li Xiaoyu , Du Xin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractFacile and controllable synthesis of functional yolk@shell structured nanospheres with a tunable inner core (‘yolk') and mesoporous shell is highly desirable, yet it remains a great challenge. Herein, xx developed a strategy based on temperature‐regulated swelling and restricted asymmetric shrinkage of polydopamine (PDA) nanospheres, combined with heterogeneous interface self‐assembly growth. This method allows a simple and versatile preparation of PDA@mesoporous silica (MS) nanospheres exhibiting tunable yolk@shell architectures and shell pore sizes. Through reaction temperature‐regulated swelling degree and confined shrinkage of PDA nanospheres, the volume ratio of the hollow cavity that the PDA core occupies can easily be tuned from ca. 2/3 to ca. 1/2, then to ca. 2/5, finally to ca. 1/3. Owing to the presence of PDA with excellent photothermal conversion capacity, the PDA@MS nanocomposites with asymmetric yolk distributions can become a colloidal nanomotor propelled by near‐infrared (NIR) light. Noteworthily, the PDA@MS with half PDA yolk and microcracks in silica shell reaches 2.18 µm2s−1of effective diffusion coefficient (De) in the presence of 1.0 W cm−2NIR light. This temperature‐controlled swelling approach may provide new insight into the design and facile preparation of functional PDA‐based yolk@shell structured nanocomposites for wide applications in biology and medicine.