bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dietary and nutritional interventions in children with cerebral palsy: A systematic literature review
Authors: Rebelo Fernanda , Mansur Isabela Rodrigues , Miglioli Teresa Cristina , Meio Maria Dalva Baker , Junior Saint Clair Gomes 
Published: July 2022

Background
Cerebral palsy is an extremely severe brain injury associated with multiple nutritional and clinical issues, such as underweight, gastroesophageal reflux, constipation, and nutrient deficiency. Evidence-based dietary and nutritional interventions may improve the quality of life of children with cerebral palsy.

Aim
Systematically review randomized clinical trials evaluating nutritional and dietary interventions in the clinical, nutritional, and neurodevelopmental aspects of children with cerebral palsy.

Methods
A search was performed in electronic databases (LILACS, Medline, Web of Science, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane Library, ClinicalTrials.gov, Brazilian Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations, ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Database, OpenGrey) using keywords. The search was firstly performed in May 2020 and updated on June 18th, 2021. Eligible studies were randomized clinical trials, that included children between 2 and 12 years old, and evaluated the effect of nutritional or dietetic interventions on clinical, nutritional or neurodevelopmental outcomes. Risk of bias was investigated using the RoB-2 tool. The study was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42020181284).

Results
Fifteen studies were selected. Positive results included the use of whey-based or pectin-enriched enteral formulas for gastroesophageal reflux (n = 6); 25-hydroxy-vitamin D supplementation for hypovitaminosis D (n = 2); supplementation with lipid mixture or diet with high-density energy for improvements in anthropometric measures (n = 2); supplementation with probiotics, prebiotics, symbiotics or magnesium for constipation (n = 2); nutritional support system for gross motor function (n = 1); lactoferrin and iron hydroxide polymaltose for iron deficiency anemia (n = 1); and educational intervention to improve feeding skills (n = 1). The overall risk of bias was high for 60% of the studies, and some concerns were raised for the remaining 40%.

Conclusion
Some promising dietary and nutritional interventions may promote important clinical improvements for patients with cerebral palsy. However, evidence is weak, as few clinical trials have been published with many methodological errors, leading to a high risk of bias.
Effects of soil treated fungicide fluopimomide on tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) disease control and plant growth
Authors: Jiang Lili , Wang Hongyan , Zong Xiaojuan , Wang Xiaofang , Wu Chong 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Fluopimomide is a novel acid amide fungicide registered for the control of many plant pathogens. In the present study, the effects of soil-treated fluopimomide on soil micro biomass, disease incidence, plant growth, soil enzyme activity, and marketable yield of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) were investigated via field trial. In addition, the application prospect in China was also evaluated. In the experiment, five treatments with three replications and a randomized complete block design were followed. The treatments were: furrow application of fluopimomide (25% suspension concentrate, SC) at the dosage of 375, 750, and 1,500 g ha−1, which was recommended, double recommended, and quadruple recommended dosages, respectively. Besides, common control fungicide fluopicolide (5% SC) furrow was applied at recommended application dosages of 750 mL ha−1, and a non-treated control was also undertaken. Results indicated that fluopimomide exhibited no effects on the amount of soil bacteria and actinomycetes, and its inhibition effect on fungi amount could be recovered at 60 days after treatment (DAT). With the recommended application dosage, fluopimomide could efficiently reduce the number of plant pathogens in soil by 79.56–85.80%, significantly reduce the disease incidences in tomato plants by 80.00–88.24%, and improve plant height by 13.25–24.05% and marketable yield by 16.88%. Furthermore, soil enzymes exhibited a complex response to fluopimomide, and AOB and nifH gene copy numbers were increased by the double and quadruple recommended dosage of fluopimomide. Based on the above results, fluopimomide could be recommended as an efficient fungicide for the tomato field.
Recognizing pro-𝖱 closures of regular languages
Authors: Almeida Jorge , Costa José Carlos , Zeitoun Marc 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Given a regular language L, we effectively construct a
unary semigroup that recognizes the topological closure of L in the
free unary semigroup relative to the variety of unary semigroups
generated by the pseudovariety

𝖱

{\mathsf{R}}

of all finite

ℛ

{\mathcal{R}}

-trivial
semigroups. In particular, we obtain a new effective solution of the
separation problem of regular languages by

𝖱

{\mathsf{R}}

-languages.
The role of gentle algebras in higher homological algebra
Authors: Haugland Johanne , Jacobsen Karin M. , Schroll Sibylle 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
We investigate the role of gentle algebras in higher homological algebra. In the first part of the paper, we show that if the module category of a gentle algebra Λ contains a d-cluster tilting subcategory for some

d
≥
2

{d\geq 2}

, then Λ is a radical square zero Nakayama algebra. This gives a complete classification of weakly d-representation finite gentle algebras. In the second part, we use a geometric model of the derived category to prove a similar result in the triangulated setup. More precisely, we show that if

𝒟
b

⁡

(
Λ
)

{\operatorname{\mathcal{D}}^{b}(\Lambda)}

contains a d-cluster tilting subcategory that is closed under

[
d
]

{[d]}

, then Λ is derived equivalent to an algebra of Dynkin type A. Furthermore, our approach gives a geometric characterization of all d-cluster tilting subcategories of

𝒟
b

⁡

(
Λ
)

{\operatorname{\mathcal{D}}^{b}(\Lambda)}

that are closed under

[
d
]

{[d]}

.
Estimating marginal treatment effects under unobserved group heterogeneity
Authors: Hoshino Tadao , Yanagi Takahide 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This article studies the treatment effect models in which individuals are classified into unobserved groups based on heterogeneous treatment rules. By using a finite mixture approach, we propose a marginal treatment effect (MTE) framework in which the treatment choice and outcome equations can be heterogeneous across groups. Under the availability of instrumental variables specific to each group, we show that the MTE for each group can be separately identified. On the basis of our identification result, we propose a two-step semiparametric procedure for estimating the group-wise MTE. We illustrate the usefulness of the proposed method with an application to economic returns to college education.
Explicit universal minimal constants for polynomial growth of groups
Authors: Lyons Russell , Mann Avinoam , Tessera Romain , Tointon Matthew 
Published: July 2022

AbstractShalom and Tao showed that a polynomial upper bound on the size of a single, large enough ball in a Cayley graph implies that the underlying group has a nilpotent subgroup with index and degree of polynomial growth both bounded effectively. The third and fourth authors proved the optimal bound on the degree of polynomial growth of this subgroup, at the expense of making some other parts of the result ineffective. In the present paper, we prove the optimal bound on the degree of polynomial growth without making any losses elsewhere. As a consequence, we show that there exist explicit positive numbersεd\varepsilon_{d}such that, in any group with growth at least a polynomial of degree 𝑑, the growth is at leastεd⁢nd\varepsilon_{d}n^{d}. We indicate some applications in probability; in particular, we show that the gap at 1 for the critical probability for Bernoulli site percolation on a Cayley graph, recently proven to exist by Panagiotis and Severo, is at leastexp⁡{-exp⁡{17⁢exp⁡{100⋅8100}}}\exp\{-\exp\{17\exp\{100\cdot 8^{100}\}\}\}.
Relationship between the height of fibular head and the incidence and severity of knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Xu Xinghui , Yang Jin , Li Jun , Yao Deping , Deng Pan , Chen Boliang , Liu Yifei 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between fibular head height and the incidence and severity of osteoarthritis associated with varus knee deformity. The fibular head height, joint line convergence angle (JLCA) and medial proximal tibial angle (MPTA) were measured in a three-dimensional model. Ordinal multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the correlation between fibular head height and Kellgren–Lawrence (K–L) grade. Pearson correlation was used to analyze the correlation between fibular head height and K–L grade. A total of 232 patients (232 knees) were finally included in the study. There were significant differences in JLCA and hip–knee–ankle angle (P < 0.05), and both JLCA and hip–knee–ankle angle increased with severe aggravation of K–L grade. Both fibular head height and MPTA decreased as the K–L grade was severely aggravated. There was a significant negative correlation between K–L grade and fibular head height (r = −0.812, P < 0.001). Furthermore, there was a significant negative correlation between fibular head height and hip–knee–ankle angle (r = −0.7905, P < 0.001). In addition to body mass index, fibular head height is a risk factor for the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis associated with varus knee deformity; the smaller the fibular head height, the more severe the degree of varus deformity.
Analysis of radiation effects of semiconductor devices based on numerical simulation Fermi–Dirac
Authors: Hu Zhanhan , Hernández Danaysa Macías , Martinez Silega Nemuri 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
To study the radiation effect of Fermi–Dirac (F–D) semiconductor devices based on numerical simulation, two methods are used. One is based on the combination of F–D statistical method and computer simulation. The method discusses the influence of temperature and light energy on the carrier number by starting from an intrinsic silicon semiconductor and carries out computer simulation on the carrier number in intrinsic silicon semiconductor. TID Sim, a three-dimensional parallel solver for ionizing radiation effects of semiconductor devices, is developed. The ionization radiation damage of typical metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) FET NMOS and bipolar transistor GLPNP is simulated. It was proved that the variation trend was close to a straight line in the temperature range (278–358 K) studied in this article. The results are consistent with those of the statistical distribution of semiconductor carriers. This method is suitable for calculating the number of semiconductor carriers, and it is an effective method to study the problems related to carrier distribution.
Factors influencing the adoption of conservation agriculture by smallholder farmers in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Authors: Nkonki-Mandleni Busisiwe , Manenzhe Nnditsheni Godfrey , Omotayo Abiodun Olusola 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe various efforts done to promote conservation agriculture (CA) in the Sub-Saharan Africa and the Republic of South Africa have diminished over time. This study was carried out to determine the factors that influenced the adoption of CA in the Okhahlamba Local Municipality of Uthukela District Municipality in Kwa-Zulu Natal Province of South Africa. It used a dataset collected through a structured questionnaire from 273 smallholder farmers. A systematic random sampling technique was used to select the households, whereas descriptive statistics (such as frequency count and percentages) and logistic regression analysis were used to determine the factors that influenced the adoption of CA. The results revealed that the respondents’ age, access to credit, visits by extension agents, and training showed a significant influence on the adoption of CA practices by farmers. The results emphasized the important role of extension agents and of more female farmers in the promotion of CA practices. The study recommended intentional and direct effort by all stakeholders in promoting and encouraging farmers’ participation at all age levels, and to make the CA programmes flexible to accommodate the illiterate farming households. The study further recommended additional extension agents to adequately guide and train farmers on CA through all-inclusive extension services.
Chemometric determination of common cold infection drugs in human urine
Authors: Ertokus Güzide Pekcan 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In this work, spectrophotometric identification of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), paracetamol (PCM), and caffeine (CAF) (common cold infection drugs) in human urine samples was investigated. For ASA, PCM, and CAF, chemometric analysis of human urine samples has proved successful. Spectrophotometric analysis of common cold infection drugs was performed using multivariate calibration methods (principal component regression [PCR] and partial least-squares regression). For the simultaneous prediction of common cold infection drugs in prepared mixes and human urine samples without prior separation, two spectrophotometric-chemometric approaches were proposed. The synthetic mixes were made with common cold infection drugs in the first stage, and the absorbance values were obtained using spectrophotometry. The quantities of common cold infection drugs in the human urine sample were calculated in the second stage. The calibration curves for each medication are linear in the concentration range of the synthetic mixes. The two methods were tested for accuracy and repeatability, and high recoveries and low standard deviations were calculated. sum of prediction residual errors, observation limit, and detection limit, and % recovery values, which are the analytical properties of the proposed methods, were 0.00029, 0.096, and 0.290, respectively; 0.0069, 0.086, and 0.260; 0.0077, 0.094, and 0.285; 0.0049, 0.066, and 0.199 for PCM, ASA, and CAF for the principal component regression method, respectively; 0.0059, 0.066, and 0.199; 0.0065, 0.069, and 0.210. The results produced using the employed chemometric methods are quick, easy, and consistent. The proposed methods are extremely sensitive and precise and have thus been effectively employed to detect active chemicals (ASA, PCM, and CAF) in human urine samples.
Early Bilateral Gonadoblastoma in a Patient with Mixed Gonadal Dysgenesis (Karyotype 45,X/46,XY): Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Trainavičius Ignas , Dasevičius Darius , Burnytė Birutė , Kemežys Robertas , Verkauskas Gilvydas 
Published: July 2022

Background: Mixed gonadal dysgenesis is a rare congenital and challenging condition, characterized mainly by 45,X/46,XY karyotype mosaicism, asymmetrical gonadal development and various internal and external genital anatomy. Because of frequent disorder of genital development and a higher risk of germ cell neoplasia, management of these patients is complex and requires multidisciplinary approach.Case: We present a 45,X/46,XY mixed gonadal dysgenesis patient diagnosed with gonadoblastoma in both gonads after bilateral gonadectomy at 1 year of age.Conclusions: Because of high risk for malignant transformation, gonadectomy of a streak-like gonad and biopsy with orchidopexy or gonadectomy of a dysgenetic testicle is recommended at an early age.
ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЯ ГЛОБАЛІЗАЦІЙНИХ ПРОЦЕСІВ У КОНТЕКСТІ НАСЛІДКІВ ПОВНОМАСШТАБНОГО РОСІЙСЬКОГО ВТОРГНЕННЯ В УКРАЇНУ
Authors: ПІЛЯЄВ Ігор 
Published: July 2022

Повномасштабне російське вторгнення в Україну справило серйозний системний вплив на геостратегічне, зокрема безпекове, геополітичне, економічне і фінансове, становище ключових, з точки зору глобального порядку й економічного розвитку, країн і регіонів світу. З огляду на це, визначено і проведено міждисциплінарний аналіз основних трендів трансформації глобалізаційних процесів у контексті наслідків повномасштабної війни Росії проти України.
Критичне загострення геостратегічної боротьби за світове економічне і фінансове лідерство обумовило превалювання геополітичних міркувань урядів над суто ринковими міркуваннями порівняльних переваг. За цих умов глобалізація стає надзвичайно вразливою від політичних рішень на державному і міждержавному рівнях.
Ключові актори світової економіки і політики – США, ЄС, Китай – дедалі більше розглядають свою участь у процесі глобалізації з позицій «стратегічної автономії», проте поки що ці процеси відбуваються в межах існуючої міжнародної фінансової системи і чинного глобального нормативного порядку світової торгівлі. Натомість, Росія, в умовах потужної санкційної ізоляції з боку світової демократичної спільноти, фактично взяла курс на розрив з провідними в ціннісному і регулятивному відношеннях інституціями і нормативним порядком постбіполярної доби.
Через глобальні виклики енергетичній та продовольчій безпеці й порушення ланцюгів поставок відчутно погіршилися коротко- і середньострокові перспективи зростання й капіталізації транснаціональних високотехнологічних компаній. Як наслідок, слід очікувати стрімкого, масованого і тривалого посилення тінізації багатьох сфер міжнародних економічних і валютно-фінансових відносин, зокрема, через спроби запровадження і використання різноманітних криптовалютних механізмів у «сірих зонах» менш розвинутих регіонів світу. Водночас сьогодні немає достатніх підстав для реальної біфуркації світового економічного і фінансового простору. Важливим індикатором для такого висновку може виступати політика фінансово й організаційно контрольованих Пекіном багатосторонніх банків розвитку – Азійського банку інфраструктурних інвестицій та Нового банку розвитку БРІКС.
Defining Growing Pains: A Scoping Review
Authors: O’Keeffe Mary , Kamper Steven J , Montgomery Laura , Williams Amanda , Martiniuk Alexandra , Lucas Barbara , Dario Amabile B , Rathleff Michael S , Hestbaek Lise , Williams Christopher M 
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Up to one third of children may be diagnosed with growing pains, but considerable uncertainty surrounds how to make this diagnosis. The objective of this study was to detail the definitions of growing pains in the medical literature.

METHODS
Scoping review with 8 electronic databases and 6 diagnostic classification systems searched from their inception to January 2021. The study selection included peer-reviewed articles or theses referring to “growing pain(s)” or “growth pain(s)” in relation to children or adolescents. Data extraction was performed independently by 2 reviewers.

RESULTS
We included 145 studies and 2 diagnostic systems (ICD-10 and SNOMED). Definition characteristics were grouped into 8 categories: pain location, age of onset, pain pattern, pain trajectory, pain types and risk factors, relationship to activity, severity and functional impact, and physical examination and investigations. There was extremely poor consensus between studies as to the basis for a diagnosis of growing pains. The most consistent component was lower limb pain, which was mentioned in 50% of sources. Pain in the evening or night (48%), episodic or recurrent course (42%), normal physical assessment (35%), and bilateral pain (31%) were the only other components to be mentioned in more than 30% of articles. Notably, more than 80% of studies made no reference to age of onset in their definition, and 93% did not refer to growth. Limitations of this study are that the included studies were not specifically designed to define growing pains.

CONCLUSIONS
There is no clarity in the medical research literature regarding what defines growing pain. Clinicians should be wary of relying on the diagnosis to direct treatment decisions.
Method for Estimating the Tripartite Array Back-Azimuth Error Caused by the Far-Field Approximation
Authors: Bregman Yuri , Ben Horin Yochai 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In recent decades, tripartite arrays (i.e., three-element array) have become an important tool for various seismoacoustic applications, mainly due to their superior back-azimuth estimation. However, the back azimuth is estimated assuming the far-field approximation. Lately, tripartite arrays have been used to monitor microseismicity and aftershocks at distances comparable with the size of the array in which the far-field assumption might not hold. In this work, we determined the validity of the far-field assumption by analyzing the plane-wave errors, that is, the errors of the back azimuth and slowness computations caused by the plane-wave assumption. Computational formulas for estimating the absolute errors, due to the plane-wave assumption, were developed. Several case studies demonstrated that the plane-wave errors are not theoretical issues only and taking them into account can improve the results of field measurements. Proposed practical methods to account for plane-wave errors can improve the performance of arrays aimed to measure low magnitude events such as in induced microseismicity monitoring or on-site inspection.
The Effect of Hypnoparenting in Overcoming the Problem of Smart Device Addiction in Preschool Children at Ar Raudah Kindergarten Banjarmasin
Authors: Anggeriyane Esme , Rahayu Suci Fitri 
Published: July 2022

Background: The unwise use of smart devices in children negatively impacts psychosocial and physical health. Hypnoparenting is a communication technique involving the brain activity system between parents and children.Objective: This research aims to determine the effect of hypnoparenting in overcoming the problem of smart device addiction in preschool children.Methods: The study used a quasi-experiment design with a time-series experiment on 40 parents. A sample included 19 parents of preschool children at Ar Raudah Kindergarten Banjarmasin with a purposive sampling technique in August 2021. Inclusion criteria were parents with children with smart device addiction problems who have never applied hypnoparenting. Exclusion criteria included parents who were unable to accompany their children to sleep daily. The Independent variable was hypnoparenting, while the dependent variable was smart device addiction. The research instrument was an interview guide and observation sheet.Result: The results showed that there were 2 people (10,53%) with a low level of smart device addiction before hypnoparenting was carried out, 11 people (57.89%) with a moderate level, and 6 people (31,58%) with a high level. After hypnoparenting was carried out, there were 11 people (57.89%) with a low category, 7 people (36,84%) with a moderate category, and 1 person (5,26%) with a high category. The data analysis was conducted using the Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test with ρ value = 0.009 0.05.Conclusion: The result showed a significant effect of hypnoparenting carried out for 21 days on smart device users. Hypnoparenting could be applied by parents for 21 days before bedtime to overcome the problem of smart device addiction to optimize growth and development in preschoolers.