bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Infomóvel - An Information system for managing HIV/AIDS patients in rural areas of Mozambique: A Design Science Research Approach
Authors: Karajeanes Esmeralda Maria Montenegro , BILA Dulce Celina , LUIS Mildrad , TOVELA Milagre , RAMANLAL Nehaben , Anjos Custódio Dos , Vaz Paula , LAPÃO Luis 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Mobile health (mHealth) is gradually revolutionizing the way medical care is delivered worldwide. In Mozambique, a country with a high human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevalence where antiretroviral treatment (ART) coverage is s77% accompanied by 67% of retention rate, the use of mHealth technology may boost the ART, by delivering care beyond health facilities and reaching underrepresented groups. Leveraging new technologies is crucial to reach the 95-95-95 UN (United Nations) target by 2030. Here we describe the design, implementation and piloting phase of development of a mHealth platform (“Infomóvel”) whose intended use is coupled to community health workers (CHW) and aims at improving access, adherence and retention to HIV care services.Infomóvel was designed, developed and implemented using the Design Science Research Methodology (DSRM). In this paper, DSRM’s different activities are explained, from the definition of the problem through observational study following of objectives for a solution, which leads to the design and development of platform proposal. Demonstration phase was carried out in one region of Mozambique, before the usability evaluation of the web platform was carried out to made adjustment on the platform. Results: The Infomóvel flowchart and physical process architecture start with ART patients registered in patients tracking system who have accepted home visits. The case manager checks the file and through the website www.commcarehq.org, imports the file into the database of Infomóvel set on the cloud server. Case manager application, performs synchronization with Infomóvel Server database, allowing to import recent data and to access to the list of CHW and the list of new patients. The CHW with his phone accesses in his application the list of patients by priority, type of visit and allows to record the geographical coordinates.Conclusion: Results obtained from Infomóvel bring a growing body of evidence that supports the use of mHealth approaches in Mozambique, and it can be scaled-up and better exploited to manage patients with chronic diseases, if the patients are stable. However, additional studies should be conducted after this pilot in order to quantify the resources needed to implement the approach on a larger scale.
Inhibit of low water activity on conidia germination in Aspergillus flavus
Authors: Jia Sifan , Qi Desheng 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In this study, we explored the mechanism underlying Aspergillus flavus conidia germination inhibited by decreased water activity. The impact of low water activity was analyzed at 4 h, 8 h and 12 h. Additionally, we demonstrated that low water activity affected cell shape and decreased cell sizes. Transcriptomics found numerous differentially expressed genes (DEGs) during the first 12 h of germination, with 654 DEGs observed among 4 h, 8 h and 12 h. Especially, more DEGs were detected at 8 h of germinating. Therefore, proteomics was performed at 8 h, and 209 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were speculated, with 94 up-regulated and 115 down-regulated. Combined analysis of KEGG of transcriptomics and proteomics demonstrated that the dominant pathways were nutrient metabolism and translation. We also found several DEGs and DEPs in Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) pathway. Therefore, we concluded that low water activity inhibited conidia germination, caused unregular morphology. Also, low water activity influenced expression of creA, TreB in carbohydrate metabolism, Clr4, RmtA in amino acid metabolism and RPL37, RPL3 in translation in Aspergillus flavus.
Exploration and revision of the content for "Mental Health Scale for Middle School Students (MSSMHS)"---Expert consensus and analysis of reliability and validity
Authors: Chen Xiong , Liu Zhongchun , Ai Chunqi 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Objective
Primary and secondary school students in a unique stage of development, has a unique psychological age characteristics, their mental health screening should be appropriate for their psychological development characteristics. The contents of middle school students mental health Scale (MSSMHS) were explored and revised, and the reliability and validity of the revised scale were tested.
Methods
The middle school and high school students in Shiyan city of Hubei province were selected by random cluster sampling, and the revised mental health scale for middle school students was used to investigate. The 57 items of the original scale were revised, and SPSS25.0 statistical software was used for statistical analysis of the data. Cronbach's Alpha coefficient under Alpha was used to test the reliability of the scale. Factor analysis was used for structural validity analysis.
Results
The results of factor analysis, correlation analysis and internal consistency coefficient showed that the revised scale had high reliability, and its validity also met the requirements of psychological measurement.
Conclusion
The revised content of "MSSMHS" reasonably avoids cultural taboos and sensitive words of "suicide", and has good reliability and validity, which is worth popularizing in the practice of psychological assessment of middle school students.
Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of sex workers of three South African towns towards female condom use and contraceptives
Authors: Sitonga Noluvuyo , Nomatshila Sibusiso C. , Phalane Mahlane , Chitha Wezile W. , Mabunda Sikhumbuzo A. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Female sex workers are a marginalised and highly vulnerable population who are at risk of HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases, harassment and unplanned pregnancies. However, little is known about the acceptability and usage of female condoms and contraceptives among sex workers in small South African towns like Brits, Rustenburg and Grahamstown. Methods: This study is a quantitative study design with both descriptive and analytical components, undertaken in September 2018. A validated, researcher-administered questionnaire adapted from the South African Youth Risk Behaviour Survey was used. Data were analysed using STATA 14.1. Normally distributed numerical data are summarised using the mean, standard deviation and range. Numerical data that were not normally distributed are summarised using the median and interquartile range. Simple linear regression is used to compare two numerical variables. The prevalence ratio (PR) is used to determine the association of two categorical variables. The level of significance is p-value<0.05.Results: Sixty-nine (69) participants are reported on in this study which recorded an HIV prevalence of 30.4% (n=21/69). A high number of participants had completed high school (60.9%); the median age of entry into sex work was 16 and the median sexual debut was 15 years. More than half of the participants (37/69 or 53.6%) were cohabiting. In general, condom use during transactional sex was not consistent as it affected their income. Participants who reported barriers to condom use were 90% more likely to have adequate knowledge than those who did not and this was statistically significant (PR=1.9; p-value<0.0001).Conclusion: Sex workers, like all members of society have a right to access to promotive, preventive and curative healthcare and should thus have their health needs known and addressed. This study is one of few such efforts for small rural towns in South Africa.
Utilizing Three-Dimensional Head-Lesser Trochanter Distance Could Further Reduce Leg Length Inequality in Primary Bipolar Hemiarthroplasty: A Retrospective Cohort Study with Propensity Score Matching
Authors: Oh Seungbae , Kim Yong-Sik , Kwon Soon-Yong , Lim Young-Wook , Park Hyunwoo , Park Jongwoo , Song Joo-Hyoun 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
The aim of this study was to investigate whether the use of three-dimentional (3-D) computed tomography (CT) based head-lesser trochanter distance (HLD) could reduce leg length discrepancy (LLD) more than the use of a two-dimentional (2-D) plain film method in primary bipolar hemiarthroplasty.
Methods
Propensity score matching (PSM) analysis was used to adjust confounding factors. A retrospective comparative analysis of 128 patients was performed. In the control group, the leg length was equalized using the 2-D plain film based HLD. In the study group, primary bipolar hemiarthroplasty was performed using the 3-D CT based HLD method. Postoperative LLDs were compared between the two groups using the method of Ranawat. In addition, Harris Hip Score (HHS) was evaluated and compared at one year after surgery.
Results
Significant difference was observed in mean postoperative LLD between the 2-D HLD group and the 3-D CT HLD group: 1.6 ± 1.2 mm (range, 0.1-6.0 mm) and 1.1 ± 1.2 mm (range, 0.1–5.1 mm), respectively (p < 0.05). Also, a higher percentage of patients in the 3-D CT HLD group had an LLD less than 2 mm. Mean HHS at one year after surgery showed no significant difference between the two groups.
Conclusions
To minimize the occurrence of LLD, HLD measurement from a CT scanner may be more accurate than an X-ray. 2-D and 3-D HLD difference in the 3-D CT HLD group was statistically significant. Using 3-D CT based HLD method might decrease the possibility of an LLD over 2 mm.
Rapid Relapse of Symptomatic Omicron SARS-CoV-2 Infection Following Early Suppression with Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir
Authors: Charness Michael , Gupta Kalpana , Stack Gary , Strymish Judith , Adams Eleanor , Lindy David , Mohri Hiroshi , Ho David 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
We describe relapse of COVID-19 symptoms and SARS-CoV-2 viral load following nirmatrelvir/ritonavir (NM/R) in 10 non-immunocompromised patients aged 31 to 71-years-old. Most patients improved rapidly after treatment with NM/R and had negative antigen or PCR tests prior to relapse on Days 9-12 of their illness. Relapse symptoms were described most frequently as cold symptoms, though some patients experiencing a recurrence of fatigue and headache. All relapses resolved without additional antiviral treatment. Viral load during relapse was comparable to levels during initial infection. Sequencing in three patients indicated that relapse was not due to a treatment-emergent mutation or infection with a different viral strain. One symptomatic and one presymptomatic patient transmitted SARS-CoV-2 to family members during relapse. The presence of high viral load and the occurrence of two transmission events suggest that patients with relapse should isolate until antigen testing is negative.
A Deep Learning Approach with Cascade-network Design for Eyelid Tumors Diagnosis Based on Gigapixel Histopathology Images
Authors: Ye Juan , Wang Linyan , lv Dailin , Wang Yaqi , Chen Lirong , Huang Yuan , Huang Fengbo , Ashraf Davin C. Ashraf , Kersten Robert , Shao An , Ma Jingjing , Sun Lingling 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The intricate anatomy of the eyelid, and the subspecialization trend in pathology made it more difficult for general surgical pathologists to maintain high accuracy across the entire range of diverse eyelid lesions. A lack of access to subspecialty expertise, and misalignment of diagnosis for eye pathology can slow diagnostic speed, resulting in intraorbital and intracranial extension and/or systemic spread which could threaten vision and life. Here, we developed a robust diagnostic deep learning system (DLS) to detect eyelid tumors using digital histopathological sections based on 473,037 pathological patches from 794 haematoxylin-eosin [H&E] stained whole slide images (WSIs) from two hospitals. This 9-class diagnosis task included top five benign and four malignant eyelid tumors. We first proposed a cascade-network instead of single network, to use the features from both histologic pattern and cellular atypia in a holistic pattern. Our model utilizing cascade-network design achieved 1.0 and 0.946 accuracy in the test and independent test set, respectively, for benign and malignant binary classification; without cascade-network design, accuracy was 0.957 and 0.887, respectively. For multiple classification of individual disease, the DLS with cascade-network design achieved 0.989 and 0.931 overall accuracy for WSI diagnosis in the test set (9-class) and independent test set (8-class) respectively, while without cascade design achieved 0.774 and 0.662. In conclusion, this DLS, using cascade-network design, can automatically detect malignancy in histopathologic slides of common eyelid tumors with a high degree of accuracy, which also has potential to augment histopathological diagnosis for a wide range of tumors.
Comprehensive Computational Analysis Revealed Seven Novel Mutations in Human Insulin gene
Authors: Alharthi Nahed , Essa Nidal 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Insulin gene mapped on chromosome 11p15.5 consists of 3 exons, which translated to 51 residues of small globular protein secreted from the secretory granules in β-cells of the pancreatic gland. In this study, we used various computational approaches to identify nsSNPs, which probably be deleterious to the structure and/or function of insulin protein that might be associated with different disease pathophysiology. Methods: The data on human insulin gene retrieved from dbSNP/NCBI. Three functional analysis tools SIFT, Polyphen-2, Provean used to predict whether the effect of retrieved SNPs on the biological function of Insulin based on sequence homology, position-specific independent count scores and the impact of amino acid substitution on protein 3D structure. Then the shortlisted SNPs tested by three disease-associated SNPs predicting tools; Predictor of human Deleterious Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms, Pathogenic mutation prediction and SNPS&GO. Then the disease-causing SNPs analyzed to check protein stability analysis using I-mutant 2.0, and we used RaptorX server for homology modeling and its visualization analysis applied by Chimera through entering the native wild type protein structure and the mutant protein residues as input inquiry. Results: After retrieval of SNPs from the NCBI database, 130 SNPs classified as missense SNPs. From functional analysis software, 60 SNPs were predicted to be deleterious then they analyzed by disease – related software resulted on 28 SNPs, which checked for protein stability, and the final analysis revealed seven novel SNPs that decreased protein stability. Conclusion: These seven novel mutations within the proinsulin gene will give a clue for their effect on the biological function of insulin and might contribute on developing new biomarkers that will used on therapeutic and diagnostic area of different diseases.
A systematic review of needs-based triggers for palliative care for early referral of older people with non-cancer conditions
Authors: Kawashima Arisa , Evans Catherine 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Older people with non-cancer disease are less likely to be referred to palliative care services due to the inherent uncertain disease trajectory and a lack of standardised referral criteria. For older people with non-cancer conditions where prognostic estimation is unpredictable, needs-based criteria are likely more suitable. Eligibility criteria for participation in clinical trials on palliative care could inform a needs-based criteria. This review aimed to identify and synthesise eligibility criteria for trials in palliative care to construct a needs-based set of triggers for timely referral to palliative care for older people severely affected by non-cancer conditions.Methods: Systematic review. Data sources were Medline, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, CENTRAL, and ClinicalTrials.gov. were searched in September 2018 as well as hand searches. We included randomised controlled trials, including cluster randomised, pilot, and feasibility trials. We selected studies that reported the set of triggers for palliative care involvement for older people with non-cancer conditions, where >50% of the population was aged >65 years. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration's tool for assessing risk of bias.Results: 16 randomised controlled trials out of 6,732 papers were identified. We identified six major domains of trial eligibility criteria in three categories, time-based, needs-based, and medical history-based criteria. Needs-based criteria were composed of symptoms, functional status, and quality of life criteria. The major trial eligibility criteria were diagnostic criteria (n = 15 [94%]), followed by physical and psychological symptoms, medical history-based criteria, respectively (n = 9 [56%]). Conclusion: For older people with non-cancer conditions, decisions about providing palliative care should be based on the present needs related to symptoms, functional status, and quality of life. Future research should investigate if the set of needs-based criteria can be used in clinical care to identify older people with non-cancer conditions likely to benefit from palliative care and acceptability of the referral criteria for older adults and their families.
The co-optimization method of tool parameters and mounting position parameters for cylindrical gears chamfering tool
Authors: He Kun , He Xiaohu , Du Yanbin , Wang Aoting , Yang Xiao 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In the process of hobbing motion chamfering of cylindrical gear tooth profiles, the tool parameters and mounting position parameters of the chamfering tool directly affect the final chamfering result. Aiming at the multi-objective optimization requirements of tool parameters and mounting position parameters of the chamfering tools, a co-optimization method of multi-parameters based on Improved Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithms-II (INSGA-II) is proposed. Firstly, considering the consistency and symmetry of chamfering result, the co-optimization model of multi-parameters is established with the minimum variance of chamfering width and thickness as the objectives, and the tool parameters and mounting position parameters as variables. Secondly, to avoid the tool parameters and mounting position parameters falling into local optimum, the normal distribution crossover operator is introduced in Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithms-II (NSGA-II) to improve the searchability, and INSGA-II and Fuzzy C-means_Grey Relational Projection (FCM_GRP) are used to optimize and decision parameter combination. Finally, to further verify the applicability of the proposed co-optimization method, the optimized parameter combination is used to calculate the tool rake face profile, and the local curve superposition is used to improve the uneven chamfering at the transition arc. Based on the simulation of tooth profile chamfering, the simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Genetic dissection of morphological variation in rosette leaves and leafy heads in cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata).
Authors: Alemán-Báez Jorge , Qin Jian , Cai Chengcheng , Zou Chunmei , Bucher Johan , Paulo Maria-João , Voorrips Roeland E. , Bonnema Guusje 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Cabbage (B. oleracea var. capitata) is an economically important vegetable crop cultivated worldwide. Cabbage plants go through four vegetative stages: seedling, rosette, folding and heading. Rosette leaves are the largest leaves of cabbage plants and provide most of the energy needed to produce the leafy head. To understand the relationship and the genetic basis of leaf development and leafy head formation, 308 cabbage accessions were scored for rosette leaf and head traits in three-year field trials. Significant correlations were found between morphological traits of rosette leaves and heads, namely leaf area with the head area, height and width, and leaf width with the head area and head height, when heads were harvested at a fixed number of days after sowing. Fifty robust quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for rosette leaf and head traits distributed over all nine chromosomes were identified with genome-wide association studies (GWAS). All these 50 loci were identified in multiple years and generally affect multiple traits. Twenty-five of the QTL were associated with both rosette leaf and leafy head traits. We discuss sixteen candidate genes identified in these QTL with an annotation related to auxin and other phytohormones, leaf development, and leaf polarity that likely play a role in leafy head development or rosette leaf expansion.
MiRNA Sequencing of Embryonic Myogenesis in Chengkou Mountain Chicken
Authors: Shi Jun’an , Li Wendong , Liu Anfang , Ren Lingtong , Zhang Pusen , Jiang Ting , Han Yuqing , Liu Lingbin 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Skeletal muscle tissue is among the largest organ systems in mammals, essential for survival and movement. Embryonic muscle development determines the quantity and quality of muscles after the birth of an individual. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a significant class of non-coding RNAs that bind to the 3'UTR region of mRNA to regulate gene function. Total RNA was extracted from the leg muscles of chicken embryos in different developmental stages of Chengkou Mountain Chicken and used to generate 171,407,341 clean small RNA reads. Target prediction, GO, and KEGG enrichment analyses determined the significantly enriched genes and pathways. Differential analysis determined the significantly different miRNAs between chicken embryo leg muscles at different developmental stages. Meanwhile, the weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) identified key modules in different developmental stages, and the hub miRNAs were screened following the KME value.Results: The clean reads contained 2047 miRNAs, including 721 existing miRNAs, 1059 known miRNAs, and 267 novel miRNAs. Many genes and pathways related to muscle development were identified, including ERBB4, MEF2C, FZD4, the Wnt, Notch, and MAPK signaling pathways. The WGCNA established the greenyellow module and gga-miR-130b-5p for E12, magenta module and gga-miR-1643-5p for E16, purple module and gga-miR-12218-5p for E19, cyan module and gga-miR-132b-5p for E21. Conclusion: These results lay a foundation for further research on the molecular regulatory mechanism of embryonic muscle development in Chengkou mountain chicken and provide a reference for other poultry and livestock muscle development studies.