bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Atividade de redutase do nitrato e ajustamento osmótico em plantas jovens de ucuúba
Authors: Brito Israeli Ingrid Costa de , Rodrigues Hairon Antonio Friedrich , Cruz Cassiele Fonseca da , Becker Dhyene Rayne dos Santos , Moraes Kleslie de Carvalho , Pacheco Mauro Junior Borges , Herrera Raírys Cravo , Costa Roberto Cezar Lobo da 
Published: April 2022

A Virola surinamensis, conhecida como virola ou ucuúba, é uma espécie considerada tipicamente amazônica, cujo "habitat" são a várzea e os igapós, e que é conhecida por apresentar grande potencial econômico, vem sendo intensamente explorada nos últimos anos, culminando com a extinção de algumas populações, resultante do extrativismo seletivo. O objetivo desse estudo foi determinar a atividade da redutase do nitrato e os teores de algumas macromoleculas de plantas jovens de Virola surinamensis submetidas à aplicação de dois tratamentos hídricos (estresse/controle) e a reidratação. O experimento foi conduzido na casa de vegetação do Laboratório de Biotecnologia (BIOTEC) da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA - Campus Altamira, PA) no período de agosto à novembro de 2020. As plantas foram submetidas a dois tratamentos de regimes hídricos: irrigado (controle) e déficit hídrico, no qual a imposição do déficit hídrico foi obtida pela suspensão da irrigação por ciclos de 07 dias, durante 4 períodos, sendo o último de reidratação, assim distribuídos: Tempo 0 (zero dias de déficit hídrico), Tempo 1 (07 dias de déficit hídrico), Tempo 2 (14 dias de déficit hídrico) e Tempo 3 (Reidratação durante 07 dias), totalizando 21 dias de tratamentos. Durante o período do experimento as plantas no tratamento controle foram irrigadas diariamente para repor a água perdida pela evapotranspiração. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial (controle e déficit hídrico) totalizando 24 unidades experimentais. A suspensão da irrigação por 14 dias alterou o metabolismo das plantas jovens de ucuúba afetando diretamente na atividade da enzima redutase do nitrato e promovendo um ajustamento osmótico nas plantas com a deficiencia hídrica, causado pela diminuição do conteúdo relativo de água e dos aumentos nas concentrações de proteínas, aminoácidos solúveis totais, carboidratos solúveis totais e prolina, que foram revertidos após a reidratação, todavia não ocorrendo o mesmo com os teores dos pigmentos fotossintéticos estudados.
Four Shades of Gray
Authors: Rowberry Simon Peter 
Published: April 2022

This first book-length analysis of Amazon's Kindle explores the platform's technological, bibliographical, and social impact on publishing.
Four Shades of Gray offers the first book-length analysis of Amazon's Kindle and its impact on publishing. Simon Peter Rowberry recounts how Amazon built the infrastructure for a new generation of digital publications, then considers the consequences of having a single company control the direction of the publishing industry. Exploring the platform from the perspectives of technology, texts, and uses, he shows how the Kindle challenges traditional notions of platforms as discrete entities. He argues that Amazon's influence extends beyond “disruptive technology” to embed itself in all aspects of the publishing trade; yet despite industry pushback, he says, the Kindle has had a positive influence on publishing.
Rowberry documents the first decade of the Kindle with case studies of Kindle Popular Highlights, an account of the digitization of books published after 1922, and a discussion of how Amazon's patent filings reflect a shift in priorities. Rowberry argues that while it was initially convenient for the book trade to outsource ebook development to Amazon, doing so has had adverse consequences for publishers in the mid- and long term, limiting opportunities for developing an inclusive and forward-thinking digital platform. While it has forced publishers to embrace digital forms, the Kindle has also empowered some previously marginalized readerships. Although it is still too early to judge the long-term impact of ebooks compared with that of the older technologies of clay tablets, the printing press, and offset printing, the shockwaves of the Kindle continue to shape publishing.
Flexible Self‐Powered Photoelectrochemical Photodetector with Ultrahigh Detectivity, Ultraviolet/Visible Reject Ratio, Stability, and a Quasi‐Invisible Functionality Based on Lift‐Off Vertical (Al,Ga)N Nanowires
Authors: Jiang Min , Zhang Jianya , Yang Wenxian , Wu Dongmin , Zhao Yukun , Wu Yuanyuan , Zhou Min , Lu Shulong 
Published: April 2022

AbstractFlexible self‐powered ultraviolet (UV) photodetectors (PDs) with an invisible functionality are essential but challenging to be fabricated for the applications of next‐generation optoelectronic devices. In this work, a flexible photoelectrochemical (PEC) (Al,Ga)N PD with three excellent characteristics, which are the ultrahigh UV/visible reject ratio, ultrahigh detectivity, and transmissivity, is proposed and demonstrated successfully. By numerical simulations, it is also found that the cross‐sectional absorption area should be a nonignorable factor affecting the photogenerated current under bending states. After continuous long‐time working or preserving, the PD performance can keep quite stable. Thanks to the pretty thin bending section of GaN connecting layer, the piezoelectric charges generated by stress are proposed to have only a limited effect in the energy band and photocurrent density. Therefore, when bending or twisting the PD at a high degree for many times, both the stable on‐off switching characteristics and photocurrent densities can still be achieved. With the demonstrated ultrahigh detectivity and stability of flexibility, this PD would enable a broad range of optoelectronic applications, including omnidirectional UV detection and wearable intelligent sensors.
Solid‐State Fluorescence of Excited‐State Cation–Anion Intermolecular Proton Transfer in 2‐(2‐Hydroxypyridyl)benzothiazole
Authors: Takahashi Keigo , Sambe Kohei , Kasahara Yotaro , Takeda Takashi , Hoshino Norihisa , Sakai Ken‐ichi , Akutagawa Tomoyuki 
Published: April 2022

AbstractA basic pyridyl unit is introduced to the excited‐state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) of 2‐(2‐hydroxyphenyl)benzothiazole fluorescent molecule, forming 2‐(2‐hydroxypyridyl)benzothiazole (1). The formation of the proton‐transferred H1+•X− salts is confirmed in X− = Cl−, Br−, BF4−, and CF3COO− (trifluoroacetate, TFA−) wherein the highly acidic HX species are easily transferred to the pyridyl unit of 1. Normal ESIPT fluorescence is observed in H1+•BF4− crystals as the ESIPT active intramolecular O−H•••N= hydrogen‐bonding conformation (Stokes shift ≈ 8500 cm−1). In contrast, the H1+•Cl−, H1−•Br−, and H1+•TFA− salts exhibit an ESIPT inert structure without any intramolecular O−H•••N= hydrogen‐bonding structure (Stokes shift ≈ 9500 cm−1), which could not be sufficiently explained by normal ESIPT fluorescence. The excited‐state monoprotonated H1+ exhibits an intermolecular cation–anion proton transfer from N−H+•••X− to N•••HX, which transforms the cationic H1+ to neutral 1, and exhibits intense green fluorescence with a large Stokes shift.
Evidence of a 2D Electron Gas in a Single‐Unit‐Cell of Anatase TiO2 (001)
Authors: Troglia Alessandro , Bigi Chiara , Vobornik Ivana , Fujii Jun , Knez Daniel , Ciancio Regina , Dražić Goran , Fuchs Marius , Sante Domenico Di , Sangiovanni Giorgio , Rossi Giorgio , Orgiani Pasquale , Panaccione Giancarlo 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe formation and the evolution of electronic metallic states localized at the surface, commonly termed 2D electron gas (2DEG), represents a peculiar phenomenon occurring at the surface and interface of many transition metal oxides (TMO). Among TMO, titanium dioxide (TiO2), particularly in its anatase polymorph, stands as a prototypical system for the development of novel applications related to renewable energy, devices and sensors, where understanding the carrier dynamics is of utmost importance. In this study, angle‐resolved photo‐electron spectroscopy (ARPES) and X‐ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) are used, supported by density functional theory (DFT), to follow the formation and the evolution of the 2DEG in TiO2 thin films. Unlike other TMO systems, it is revealed that, once the anatase fingerprint is present, the 2DEG in TiO2 is robust and stable down to a single‐unit‐cell, and that the electron filling of the 2DEG increases with thickness and eventually saturates. These results prove that no critical thickness triggers the occurrence of the 2DEG in anatase TiO2 and give insight in formation mechanism of electronic states at the surface of TMO.
Strain‐Induced Large Anomalous Nernst Effect in Polycrystalline Co2MnGa/AlN Multilayers
Authors: Wang Jian , Lau Yong‐Chang , Zhou Weinan , Seki Takeshi , Sakuraba Yuya , Kubota Takahide , Ito Keita , Takanashi Koki 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe anomalous Nernst effect (ANE), one of the thermoelectric effects in a magnet, is recently attracting growing interest with its potential for the next generation high‐efficiency energy‐harvesting applications. However, the reported thermoelectric conversion efficiencies with ANE are small compared to those with Seebeck effect, which hampers its practical application. Unlike the intensive effort of seeking novel materials with large intrinsic ANE, here a new pathway is proposed to enhance the ANE by exploiting the strain induced in a multilayer structure. A large anomalous Nernst coefficient of 4.9 µV K−1 is achieved for a polycrystalline Co2MnGa/AlN multilayer film deposited on an amorphous substrate, which is larger than 3.8 µV K−1 for a polycrystalline Co2MnGa single layer film. The enhanced ANE is attributed to the effect of interfacial strain on the Seebeck coefficient, which is barely discussed yet. Since the AlN layer is available on any substrate materials, even on a flexible polyimide substrate large ANE is successfully achieved for the Co2MnGa/AlN stack. The findings and demonstration have opened a way to develop the ANE‐based potential applications.
Two‐scale continuum model for simulation of acid fracturing in carbonate reservoirs with two main mineral components
Authors: Su Xuhang , Qi Ning , Shi Xiangke , Yang Xiao , Deng Dawei , Li Xiaqing 
Published: April 2022

AbstractTo investigate the morphological changes of acid‐etched fractures during acid fracturing in carbonate reservoirs with different mineral compositions, this article develops acid fracturing mathematical models and numerical simulation methods for pore type carbonate reservoirs based on the classic two‐scale continuum model. Practically, these morphological changes of fractures are quantified by characterizing the porosity variation, and different acid‐rock reaction models are built for dolomite and calcite. Compared with physical simulation, the models proposed in the study are accurate in simulating the acid‐etched fracture morphological evolution during acid fracturing. Moreover, efforts are made to evaluate numerical simulation results of acid fracturing in reservoirs with different mineral contents under conditions of different acid pump rates and concentrations. It is recommended to apply higher pump rates and lower acid‐rock reaction rates in reservoirs with higher calcite contents, while lower pump rates and higher acid‐rock reaction rates are recommended for reservoirs with higher dolomite contents.
Automatic data‐driven stoichiometry identification and kinetic modeling framework for homogeneous organic reactions
Authors: Xing Yafeng , Dong Yachao , Goergakis Christos , Zhuang Yu , Zhang Lei , Du Jian , Meng Qingwei 
Published: April 2022

AbstractData‐driven and knowledge‐driven methods are two approaches used in studying reaction kinetics. This article proposes a hybrid‐modeling framework for homogeneous synthesis reactions, which combines the advantages of high level of automation in the data‐driven approach and improved accuracy in the knowledge‐driven approach. A constrained enumeration method is proposed to generate possible candidate stoichiometries, and dynamic response surface methodology, target factor analysis, and mass balance are used together for identifying stoichiometries one‐by‐one, without the necessity of an expert‐generated candidate list. Then, the previously screened stoichiometries are formed into different groups that represent candidate reaction systems, and the group (or groups) with the greatest likelihood will be identified, based on kinetic fitting and reaction dynamic criteria. This framework has been demonstrated by several examples of different reaction systems. The true reaction stoichiometries are all correctly identified, and the accurate kinetic models are obtained, showing satisfactory performance of the proposed method.
Critical incident exposure among custody and noncustody correctional workers: Prevalence and impact of violent exposure to work‐related trauma
Authors: Jaegers Lisa A. , El Ghaziri Mazen , Katz Ian M. , Ellison Jared M. , Vaughn Michael G. , Cherniack Martin G. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundCorrectional workers are at high risk for exposure to trauma, both as direct violence and as threats to their safety and well‐being. The distress associated with these critical incidents (CIs) affects mental and physical health. Current tools are limited for detecting CIs in this workforce and are therefore insufficient for addressing correctional worker trauma.MethodsCommunity prison employees (N = 105) self‐reported CIs using the adapted Correctional Worker Critical Incident Survey (CWCIS). We examined: (1) prevalence of CIs and occurrences, (2) differences in exposures to CIs by custody and noncustody staff, and (3) differences in job satisfaction, posttraumatic stress (PTSD), lower back disease, and health behaviors, such as missed work and sleep.ResultsCIs occurred among most staff (59%) and more often for custody staff as compared to noncustody staff. CIs most often experienced were coworker injury, exposure to disease, and badly beaten adults (frequency 10−50). For the 1−9 frequency category, the most described events were: seeing someone dying, life threatened, and coworker injury. PTSD was identified in 44% of staff, and those who experienced CIs reported lower job satisfaction, greater feelings of PTSD, and more work absences than those not experiencing CIs (p < 0.05).ConclusionsCIs and PTSD are prevalent among custody and noncustody correctional workers; and job dissatisfaction, PTSD, and work absence are significantly worse for those who experienced CIs. The CWCIS detected CIs; future study is needed to inform trauma prevention, reduction, and rehabilitation interventions specific to correctional work.
To drum or not to drum: Selectivity in tree buttress drumming by chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus) in the Nimba Mountains, Guinea
Authors: Fitzgerald Maegan , Willems Erik P. , Gaspard Soumah Aly , Matsuzawa Tetsuro , Koops Kathelijne 
Published: April 2022

AbstractChimpanzees live in fission‐fusion social organizations, which means that party size, composition, and spatial distribution are constantly in flux. Moreover, chimpanzees use a remarkably extensive repertoire of vocal and nonvocal forms of communication, thought to help convey information in such a socially and spatially dynamic setting. One proposed form of nonvocal communication in chimpanzees is buttress drumming, in which an individual hits a tree buttress with its hands and/or feet, thereby producing a low‐frequency acoustic signal. It is often presumed that this behavior functions to communicate over long distances and is, therefore, goal‐oriented. If so, we would expect chimpanzees to exhibit selectivity in the choice of trees and buttresses used in buttress drumming. Selectivity is a key attribute of many other goal‐directed chimpanzee behaviors, such as nut‐cracking and ant dipping. Here, we investigate whether chimpanzees at the Seringbara study site in the Nimba Mountains, Guinea, West Africa, show selectivity in their buttress drumming behavior. Our results indicate that Seringbara chimpanzees are more likely to use larger trees and select buttresses that are thinner and have a greater surface area. These findings imply that tree buttress drumming is not a random act, but rather goal‐oriented and requires knowledge of suitable trees and buttresses. Our results also point to long‐distance communication as a probable function of buttress drumming based on selectivity for buttress characteristics likely to impact sound propagation. This study provides a foundation for further assessing the cognitive underpinnings and functions of buttress drumming in wild chimpanzees.
Comparison between midazolam and propofol in acute phase for ventilated patients with sepsis: a post‐hoc analysis of the DESIRE trial
Authors: Miyagawa Noriko , Kawazoe Yu , Sato Tetsuya , Kushimoto Shigeki , Miyamoto Kyohei , Ohta Yoshinori , Morimoto Takeshi , Yamamura Hitoshi ,   DESIRE Trial Investigators
Published: April 2022

AimThere are few assessments of sedatives during the acute phase under sedation protocols for patients with sepsis. We aimed to compare the influence of different sedation strategies using midazolam and propofol under light sedation on clinical outcomes of ventilated patients with sepsis.MethodsThis study was a post‐hoc analysis of data from the dexmedetomidine for sepsis in the ICU Randomized Evaluation (DESIRE) trial. Patients were divided into propofol and midazolam groups based on continuously used drug, and sedation control between groups compared on day three. We assessed the incidence of delirium, length of ICU stay, number of ventilator‐free days within the first 28 days, and mortality after 28 days.ResultsThe midazolam and propofol groups consisted of 51 and 66 patients, respectively. Both groups had similar characteristics, except for age and emergency surgery. The number of well‐controlled sedation patients in the propofol group on day three was significantly higher than that in the midazolam group (odds ratio [OR] 3.9, 95% CI [1.30, 11.7]). The incidence of daily coma and delirium within the initial week was different between groups and increased with midazolam administration (P = 0.0138). The number of Confusion Assessment Method for ICU‐positive patients was significantly higher in the midazolam group than in the propofol group (OR 5.71, 95% CI [2.30, 14.2]).ConclusionIn patients with sepsis required mechanical ventilation, sedation with midazolam based on a light sedation protocol may be associated with inappropriate sedation during the acute phase, with increased coma and delirium as compared to propofol.
Quantum Version of the k‐NN Classifier Based on a Quantum Sorting Algorithm
Authors: Quezada L. F. , Sun Guo‐Hua , Dong Shi‐Hai 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn this work a quantum sorting algorithm with adaptable requirements of memory and circuit depth is introduced, and is used to develop a new quantum version of the classical machine learning algorithm known as k‐nearest neighbors (k‐NN). Both the efficiency and performance of this new quantum version of the k‐NN algorithm are compared to those of the classical k‐NN and another quantum version proposed by Schuld et al. Results show that the efficiency of both quantum algorithms is similar to each other and superior to that of the classical algorithm. On the other hand, the performance of the proposed quantum k‐NN algorithm is superior to the one proposed by Schuld et al. and similar to that of the classical k‐NN.
Photocatalytic Overall Water Splitting Under Visible Light Enabled by a Particulate Conjugated Polymer Loaded with Palladium and Iridium**
Authors: Bai Yang , Li Chao , Liu Lunjie , Yamaguchi Yuichi , Bahri Mounib , Yang Haofan , Gardner Adrian , Zwijnenburg Martijn A. , Browning Nigel D. , Cowan Alexander J. , Kudo Akihiko , Cooper Andrew I. , Sprick Reiner Sebastian 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPolymer photocatalysts have received growing attention in recent years for photocatalytic hydrogen production from water. Most studies report hydrogen production with sacrificial electron donors, which is unsuitable for large‐scale hydrogen energy production. Here we show that the palladium/iridium oxide‐loaded homopolymer of dibenzo[b,d]thiophene sulfone (P10) facilitates overall water splitting to produce stoichiometric amounts of H2 and O2 for an extended period (>60 hours) after the system stabilized. These results demonstrate that conjugated polymers can act as single component photocatalytic systems for overall water splitting when loaded with suitable co‐catalysts, albeit currently with low activities. Transient spectroscopy shows that the IrO2 co‐catalyst plays an important role in the generation of the charge separated state required for water splitting, with evidence for fast hole transfer to the co‐catalyst.
Ionic Liquid Stabilizes Olefin Facilitated Transport Membranes Against Reduction
Authors: Park Sejoon , Morales‐Collazo Oscar , Freeman Benny , Brennecke Joan F. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractSeparation of olefins from their paraffin analogs relies on energy‐intensive cryogenic distillation. Facilitated transport‐based membranes that reversibly and selectively bind olefins, but not paraffins, could save considerable amounts of energy. However, the chemical instability of the silver ion olefin‐binding carriers in such membranes has been a longstanding roadblock for this approach. We discovered long‐term carrier stability against extended exposure to hydrogen, a common contaminant in such streams. Based on UV/Vis absorption and Raman spectroscopy, along with XRD analysis results, certain ionic liquids solubilize silver ions, and anion aggregates surrounding the silver ion carriers greatly attenuate their reduction by hydrogen. Here, we report the stability of olefin/paraffin separation properties under continuous exposure to high pressure hydrogen, which addresses a critical technical roadblock in membrane‐based olefin/paraffin separation.
Dynamic Covalent Self‐Assembly of Chloride‐ and Ion‐Pair‐Templated Cryptates
Authors: Hollstein Selina , Shyshov Oleksandr , Hanževački Marko , Zhao Jie , Rudolf Tamara , Jäger Christof M. , von Delius Max 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWhile supramolecular hosts capable of binding and transporting anions and ion pairs are now widely available, self‐assembled architectures are still rare, even though they offer an inherent mechanism for the release of the guest ion(s). In this work, we report the dynamic covalent self‐assembly of tripodal, urea‐based anion cryptates that are held together by two orthoester bridgeheads. These hosts exhibit affinity for anions such as Cl−, Br−or I−in the moderate range that is typically advantageous for applications in membrane transport. In unprecedented experiments, we were able to dissociate the Cs⋅Cl ion pair by simultaneously assembling suitably sized orthoester hosts around the Cs+and the Cl−ion.