bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PEIJ_PIEJ DB: A Putative Database for Intron Retention
Authors: Hong Xu 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Unlike exon skipping, intron retention is another type of important mechanism of alternative splicing in higher eukaryotes. Although high throughput tandem (MS/MS) mass spectrometry provides extensive information for rapidly identifying potentially novel alternatively-spliced protein products from experimental datasets, the possibility to identify alternative splicing events through tandem mass spectrometry relies on the database with which the spectra will be searched. In this research, the previous putative exon-exon junction database (PEEJ DB) aimed at and specified for putative exon skipping events in all kinds of alternative splicing studies is extended and a theoretical exon-intron junction and putative intron-exon junction database (PEIJ_PIEJ DB) to account for all possible exon-intron (or intron-exon) combinations and all possible intron internal retention events for every gene in the human genome from the EnsEMBL core database has been built up.Application of the constructed PEIJ_PIEJ DB to non-ETS gene fusion sequences in human prostate cancer RNA-Seq data demonstrates the putative exon-intron junction and putative intron-exon junction database (PEIJ_PIEJ DB) can identify intron retentions with reliable confidence in the non-ETS gene fusion sequences, suggesting that this putative database is helpful for scientific researchers in alternative splicing studies involving intron retention events from high-throughput experimental datasets such as proteomics datasets and next generation sequencing ones. The sourcecode implementing the database is freely available at https://sourceforge.net/projects/peij-piej.
Ensemble Model for Multiclass Imbalanced Data Using Cluster Computing of Spark
Authors: Khandekar Varsha S. , Shrinath Pravin 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Big data analysis using machine learning has become challenging problem to solve today. It become more challenging in classification problems when class distribution is imbalanced. In this paper we propose distributed ensemble model with intelligence technique based on Particle Swarm Optimization to overcome the imbalanced problem.For compensating the class imbalance first SMOTE is used to balance the minority class samples and then sampling based using Particle Swarm Optimization is applied. Here to perform fast processing whole model is implemented using spark-cluster computing which uses the underlying concept of parallel programming of spark RDD. Results of proposed system has shown the consistent improvements on several evaluation metrics and overall processing time. Evaluation of proposed system has been done using number of slaves in cluster,Precision,Recall and F-measure and also comparison between sequential and distributed ensemble model. Most of the existing techniques are showing different performance for different datasets, while proposed method has shown better generalization property which improves the data-model dependency issue. Proposed model has evaluate using KDD-CUP’99 intrusion detection and insect sensor dataset.For the datasets it shown better improvement over traditional sampling techniques.
Long-term persistence to aflibercept therapy among treatment-naïve patients with exudative age-related macular degeneration in a universal health care system: A retrospective study
Authors: Angermann Reinhard , Franchi Alexander , Frede Katharina , Stöckl Victoria , Palme Christoph , Kralinger Martina , Zehetner Claus 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to analyse the persistence rates of treatment-naïve patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) that received intravitreal aflibercept therapy in a universal health care system.
Methods
In this single-centre retrospective cohort study, we audited data of 918 treatment-naïve patients that received exclusively intravitreal aflibercept therapy for nAMD between September 2015 and May 2021. Primary outcome measures were nonpersistence (gap of ophthalmological care > 6 months) and long-term nonpersistence (> 12 months) rates.
Results
The rates of nonpersistence and long-term nonpersistence were 12.3% and 3.4%, respectively, after one year and 22.4% and 9.5%, respectively, after two years; and increased to 38.3% and 19.3%, respectively, after five years. Logistic regression analysis revealed that older age (p = 0.045), male patients (p = 0.039), patients requiring caretakers or ambulance (p = 0.001), and patients with a low visual acuity of the study eye (p = 0.010) or fellow eye (p = 0.029) were independent risk factors for long-term nonpersistence. Patients aged > 80 and > 85 years (p = 0.013 and p = 0.022, respectively) had more than twice the risk for being nonpersistent to therapy within two years of follow-up. Male patients (p = 0.033), patients requiring caretaker (p = 0.038), and patients living > 60 km from the clinic (p = 0.029) had a two times higher risk of being persistently nonpersistent to therapy.
Conclusions
We found a lower nonpersistence rate in patients with nAMD treated with aflibercept compared to that of current literature. Multiple independent risk factors were correlated with long-term nonpersistence, early nonpersistence, or complete loss to follow-up. Considering the possible consequences of reduced compliance, further strategies are urgently needed for patients at risk of nonpersistence to therapy.
The Effect Of Goal-Directed Fluid Therapy On The Development Of Acute Renal Failure In Patients With Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Ozdemir Imge , Ozdemir Ibrahim Halil , Ozturk Tulun , Amanvermez Dilsad , Yıldırım Funda 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective: AKI occurs in 5% to 42% of patients after cardiac surgery. The primary aim of this study was to investigate the effect of goal-directed fluid therapy in the perioperative period on the development of AKI in the early period in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.Methods: The study was designed prospectively at single academic center. Patients undergoing cardiac surgery were divided into two groups according to perioperative fluid management: Group Control (Group C, n=30): Fluid management was performed with traditional monitoring method. Group Study (Group S, n=30): It was performed with transesophageal doppler and transthoracic doppler fluid management. Clinical and hemodynamic data were recorded at preoperative (t0), postoperative 4th hour (t2), 24th hour (t3) and 48th hour (t4). Serum creatinine, GFR, Cystatin-C and KIM-1 values were measured as AKI indicators.Results: Postoperative fluid requirement was significantly lower in the study group (p=0.002). Postoperative total balance was significantly more negative in the study group than in the control group (p<0.0001). ERT requirement was significantly lower in the study group compared to the control group (intraoperative, p=0.02; postoperative, p=0.002). Cystatin-C was significantly lower in the study group at the postoperative 24th and 48th hours. (respectively, p<0.04, p<0.02). AKI development rates were similar between the groups (p>0.05).Conclusion: GDFT should be considered in the foreground because it shortens the length of hospital stay and reduces unnecessary fluid load in patients who are scheduled for major surgery. Cystatin-C can be used more prominently in the evaluation of AKI as a biomarker.
Comparative Postnatal Cytoarchitecture of some non-cranial nerve nuclei in the African giant rat (Cricetomys gambianus).
Authors: Ogbonnaya Obioma , Ibe Chikera Samuel , Ikpegbu Ekele 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This study postnally compared the cytoarchitecture of inferior olivary nucleus, dorsal and medial nuclei of corpus trapezoidium and; lateral nucleus of reticular formation in African giant rat (AGR). Thirty captive; apparently healthy AGRs consisting ten each of neonates, juveniles and adults were used. Following sedation, euthanasia was achieved by perfusion of 4% paraformaldehyde via left ventricle; head was cut and fixed for three days in 10% formaldehyde before harvesting the brain. Normal histological procedure was performed and tissues stained with Thionin and Haematoxylin-Eosin stains. The following were found: (a) The fibre shaft of inferior olivary nucleus was characterized by radial glial cells in neonates; neurons formed with undivided nucleus in juveniles; three major subnuclei of inferior olive principal, inferior olive dorsal, and inferior olive medial and two minor subnuclei of inferior olive ventrolateral protrusion and inferior olive Beta in adults. (b) The dorsal nucleus of corpus trapezoidium had oligodendrocytes in their nucleus and thick axons in neurons of all age groups. (c) There were numerous immature migrating neurons of radial glial fiber shaft within extracellular matrix of lateral nucleus of reticular formation in neonates, with numerous blood vessels in all age groups. (d) The medial trapezoid body was characterized by numerous giant pyramidal cells in adults. The relatively poor, improved and dominant acoustic structures in neonates, juveniles and adults respectively; with their visual structures generally poorly developed, though better in adults, is an indication that adults have better audition and vision followed by juveniles and lastly neonates.
Invitro Activity of Tigecycline against Multidrug-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae from Blood Stream Infection in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Nepal
Authors: Yadav Ajay , Khanal Basudha , Bhattarai Narayan Raj 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Multidrug resistant (MDR) enterobacteriaceae like extended spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL) and metallo-beta lactamase (MBL) are being encountered as the causative agents of blood stream infection. To overcome this, accurate diagnosis of MDR pattern with appropriate antibiotics is required. Tigecycline is a broad spectrum antibiotic which exhibit strong activity against MDR enterobacteriaceae. This study is aimed to find out resistance pattern like ESBL and MBL with invitro activity of tigecycline against enterobacteriaceae.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Microbiology, B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, from 1st September 2014 to 31st August 2015. Confirmation for ESBL was done as recommended by Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI) and MBL production was detected by double disk synergy test. Antibiotic sensitivity test against tigecycline was done by Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Results: 192 (1.70%) enterobacteriaceae were isolated throughout the study. Among them, 94 (49%) were ESBL, 51 (26.5%) were carbapenemase and 22 (11.5%) were MBL producers. A total of 64 (33.4%) isolates were found to be MDR. None of the isolates was resistant against tigecycline.Conclusion: Tigecycline is found to have excellent invitro activity against MDR enterobacteriaceae from BSI.
Improve Generalization in Deep Neural Network using Multivariate Statistical Knowledge Transformation
Authors: Morabbi Sajedeh , Soltanizadeh Hadi , Mozaffari Saeed , Fadaeieslam MohammadJavad 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Most DNNs are trained in an over-parametrized regime. In this case, the numbers of their parameters are more than available training data which reduces the generalization capability and performance on new and unseen samples. generalization of deep neural networks (DNNs) has been improved through applying various methods such as regularization techniques, data enhancement, network capacity restriction, injection randomness, etc. In this paper, we proposed an effective generalization method, named multivariate statistical knowledge transformation, which learns feature distribution to separate samples based on variance of deep hypothesis space in all dimensions. Moreover, the proposed method uses latent knowledge of the target to boost the confidence of its prediction. Our method was evaluated on CIFAR-10 and CIFAR-100 datasets. The multivariate statistical knowledge transformation produces competitive results, compared with the state-of-the-art methods. Experimental results show that the proposed method improves the generalization of a DNN by 5% in test error and makes it much faster to converge in total runs.
Effects of Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 Beta Gene Polymorphisms on the Plasma Concentration of Aripiprazole in Chinese Patients with Schizophrenia
Authors: Xu Zhizhong , Wen Chunyan , Huang Yinghua , Yuan Qianfa , Zhang Xianhua , Lin Duoduo , Liu Liangsheng , Wang Wenqiang 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This study explored the differences in glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta (GSK3β) gene polymorphisms between patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls and investigated the association between gene polymorphisms and plasma concentration of aripiprazole. We enrolled 127 patients with schizophrenia and 125 healthy controls from southern Fujian. The genotypes of rs6438552, rs12630592, and rs3732361 loci of GSK3β were evaluated by sequencing with amplified polymerase chain reaction, and the plasma concentration of aripiprazole was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. All three locus of GSK3β had three genotypes each. The genotype distribution in each locus was not significantly different, but there was a significant difference in the allele frequency between the schizophrenia and control groups within each locus. Linkage disequilibrium analyses of the three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) revealed strong linkage. The haplotype analysis results showed two haplotypes in the three SNPs of GSK3β. The plasma concentrations, dose-corrected concentrations, and normalized concentrations of aripiprazole were significantly different among the different genotypes of the three SNPs. In conclusion, the rs6438552, rs12630592, and rs3732361 loci of GSK3β may be involved in schizophrenia, and GSK3β gene polymorphism may be correlated with the plasma concentration of aripiprazole.
Laser annealing-induced phase transformation behaviors of multicomponent metal alloy, oxide and nitride nanoparticle combinations
Authors: Li Yun , Tay Yee Yan , Buenconsejo Pio , Manalastas William , Tu Wei Han , Lim Hong Kit , Salim Teddy , Thompson Michael , Madhavi Srinivasan , Tay Chor Yong , Tan Kwan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Multicomponent inorganic nanoparticles made up of dissimilar elements have enormous potentials in various fields and applications such as catalysis, energy generation and bioengineering. Developments of facile rapid synthesis routes toward functional multicomponent nanoparticles of metals and ceramics with control of single/mixed crystalline structure configurations as well as understanding their transformative behaviors to enable unexpected properties, however, have remained challenging. Here we describe a transient laser heating strategy to generate multicomponent metal alloy, oxide and nitride nanoparticles. Laser irradiation of the identical metal salt mixture under different millisecond heating times provides direct control of cooling rates and thereby results in multicomponent alloy nanoparticles with tunable single- and multiphasic solid solution characteristics, atomic compositions, nanoparticle morphologies and physicochemical properties. Extending the elemental selection to nitride-forming precursors enables laser-induced carbothermal reduction and nitridation of multicomponent tetragonal rutile oxide nanoparticles to the cubic rock salt nitride phase. The combination of laser heating with spatially resolved X-ray diffraction facilitates combinatorial studies of phase transitions and reaction pathways of multicomponent nanoparticles. These findings provide a general strategy to design nonequilibrium multicomponent metal alloys and ceramic materials amalgamations for fundamental studies and practical applications such as carbon nanotube growth, water splitting and antimicrobial applications.
Climate, Disease and Imperial Expansion: Medico-Geographical Exploration of the Kazakh Steppe Between the 1760s and 1860s
Authors: Афанасьева А.Э. 
Published: August 2022

Статья посвящена истории медико-географического изучения Казахской степи в период активного продвижения России в регионе в 1760-х – 1860-х гг. Исследуются описания природных условий Степи российскими врачами, чиновниками, путешественниками, анализируются их выводы о влиянии окружающей среды на здоровье местного населения и российских гарнизонов. Рекомендации российских авторов по сохранению здоровья войск и переселенцев в степном климате сопоставляются с европейскими правилами «тропической гигиены» XVIII–XIX вв.
The article focuses on the history of medico-geographical studies of the Kazakh steppe in the period of active Russian expansion in the region between the 1760s and 1860s. It examines descriptions of the Steppe environment by Russian doctors, officials and travellers and analyses their conclusions on the impact of the Steppe’s natural conditions on human health. Their recommendations on preserving the health of troops and settlers in the Steppe are compared with the rules of “tropical hygiene” formulated in European medical literature of the time.
Н.И. БУХАРИН О ЛИТЕРАТУРНОМ ПРОЦЕССЕ И ЛИТЕРАТУРНОЙ ПОЛИТИКЕ В ПОСЛЕРЕВОЛЮЦИОННЫЙ ПЕРИОД
Authors: Коваленко Н.В. 
Published: August 2022

Выступление Н.И. Бухарина на литературном совещании 1925 г. отражает идеи в области литературной политики как части системы взглядов на развитие культуры и становление новой социокультурной модели в послереволюционный период. Анализ текста показал, что основой взглядов Бухарина было сочетание заимствованных им у А.А. Богданова представлений об обществе как о системе взаимосвязанных элементов и о классовой культуре и его собственных представлений о культурном «созревании» пролетариата как класса уже после революции, а также о переходном периоде между капитализмом и социализмом как об отдельном историческом этапе.
In this paper the author examines the speech of N. I. Bukharin at the literary conference of 1925, which reflected his ideas in the field of literary policy as part of the system of views on the development of culture and the formation of a new socio-cultural model in the post-revolutionary period. The analysis of the text showed that the basis of these views of Bukharin was a combination of the ideas he borrowed from A.A. Bogdanov about society as a system of interrelated elements and about class proletarian culture and his own ideas about the cultural «maturation» of the proletariat as a class already after the revolution, as well as about the transition period between capitalism and socialism as a separate historical stage.
Ennodius. Self-Presentation of the Late Antiquity Rhetor
Authors: Тюленев В.М. 
Published: August 2022

В статье рассматривается вопрос о том, каким образом Магн Феликс Эннодий, позднеантичный ритор и священнослужитель, формирует в своих сочинениях собственный образ и презентует его читателю. В частности, показано, что он всячески стремится убедить свою аудиторию, что принятие им духовного сана открыло для него новый этап жизни, идеалом которой стало смирение и «безмолвие». В то же время творчество Эннодия убеждает в том, что он стремится показать себя как человека деятельного, заботящегося о жителях своей провинции, о своей семье, человека, ставшего центром коммуникационной сети, включающей первых лиц Остготского королевства и римской Церкви.
The article considers the question of how Ennodius, a late antique rhetorician and clergyman, forms his own image in his works and presents it to the reader. Particularly, it is shown that he as hard as possible seeks to convince his audience that the creation of his spiritual dignity opened for him a new stage of life, the ideal of which was humility and "silence". At the same time, the work of Ennodius convinces that he seeks to show himself as an active person, caring about the inhabitant of his province, about his family, a person who has become the center of a communication network which includes the leaders of the Ostrogothic kingdom and the Roman Church.
Cinema-atlas of the USSR: “Kamchatka” by Nikolai Konstantinov (1927)
Authors: Головнев И.А. 
Published: August 2022

На рубеже 1920–1930-х гг. в СССР получило развитие производство фильмов этно-географической тематики. Квинтэссенцией научно-исследовательских и фильмо-про-изводственных подходов стал амбициозный государственный проект «Киноатлас СССР», предполагавший создание 150-серийного альманаха о народностях и регионах страны. Научная основательность, кинематографическая поэзия и марксистская философия оказались слиты в сформировавшемся в результате этих процессов направлении научного кино. На примере архивного фильма «Камчатка» Николая Константинова, автор рассматривает особенности практического воплощения творческих и идеологических положений проектировавшегося советского киноатласа.
At the turn of the 1920s–1930. in the USSR the production of films on ethno-geographical topics was developed. The quintessence of research and film-production approaches was the ambitious state project «Cinema Atlas of the USSR», which assumed the creation of a 150-part almanac about the nationalities and regions of the country. Scientific thoroughness, cinematic poetry and Marxist philosophy were merged in the direction of scientific cinema that was formed as a result of these processes. The article, based on the example of the archival film «Kamchatka» by Nikolai Konstantinov, examines the features of the practical embodiment of the creative and ideological provisions of the projected Soviet cinema-atlas.
“Don't Give, Fatherland, to be Silent”: Books of Memory as a Commemoration form of the Afghan War 1979–1989 in the Post-Soviet Republics
Authors: Рабуш Т.В. 
Published: August 2022

Участие в афганской войне 1979–1989 гг., продлившейся почти все последнее десятилетие существования СССР, принимали все советские республики. Одна из коммеморативных практик, принятых в память об афганской войне – это издание книг Памяти, посвященных соотечественникам, погибшим в Афганистане. В настоящей статье автор рассмотрит, как эта практика реализуется в государствах постсоветского пространства и является ли она в целом востребованной и распространенной.
All Soviet republics took part in the Afghan war 1979–1989, which lasted almost the entire last decade of the existence of the USSR. One of the commemorative practices adopted in memory of the Afghan war is the publication of Books of Memory dedicated to compatriots who died in Afghanistan. In this article, the author will consider how this practice is implemented in the states of the post-Soviet space and whether this practice is in demand and widespread.