bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Ponseti Method for the Treatment of Clubfeet Associated with Down Syndrome
Authors: Portalatin Edwin , Parenti Sarah , Polk Jordan L. , Jo Chan-Hee , Zide Jacob R. , Riccio Anthony 
Published: November 2022

Category: Other Introduction/Purpose: This study aims to compare treatment characteristics and outcomes of clubfoot patients with Down Syndrome (DS) to those with idiopathic clubfoot treated with the Ponseti method. Methods: A retrospective review of prospectively gathered data was performed at a single institution over an 18-year period. Patients with idiopathic clubfeet (IC) and clubfeet associated with DS who were less than one-year old and treated by the Ponseti method were included. Initial Dimeglio score, number of casts, need for tendoachilles tenotomy, recurrence, and need for further surgery were recorded. Outcomes were classified using the Richards classification system. Results: 24 clubfeet in 15 patients with DS, and 320 IC in 225 patients were identified with an average follow-up of 62 and 65 months respectively. DS patients presented for treatment at an older age (54 vs. 16 days, p=0.000) and with lower initial Dimeglio scores (11.1 vs. 13.7, p=0.000). Tendoachilles tenotomy was performed in 79% of IC and 75% of the DS clubfeet (p=0.64). Recurrence rates were not statistically different between the groups, nor was the need for later surgery. However, recurrences in the DS group were significantly less likely to require intra-articular surgery (4.2% vs. 34.4%, p=0.02). Clinical outcomes were 83% 'good', 13% 'fair', and 4% 'poor' in DS patients, and 69% 'good', 27% 'fair', and 4% 'poor' in the idiopathic cohort (p=0.1). Conclusion: Despite milder deformity and older age at presentation, DS associated clubfeet have similar recurrence rates and clinical outcomes as their idiopathic counterparts. When deformities do relapse in DS patients, significantly less intra-articular surgery is required than for idiopathic clubfeet.
Airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness in subjects with respiratory symptoms and normal spirometry
Authors: Boulet Louis-Philippe , Boulay Marie-Ève , Côté Andréanne , FitzGerald J. Mark , Bergeron Céline , Lemière Catherine , Lougheed M. Diane , Vandemheen Katherine L. , Aaron Shawn D. 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundSubjects without a previous history of asthma, presenting with unexplained respiratory symptoms and normal spirometry, may exhibit airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) in association with underlying eosinophilic (type 2 (T2)) inflammation, consistent with undiagnosed asthma. However, the prevalence of undiagnosed asthma in these subjects is unknown.MethodsIn this observational study, inhaled corticosteroid-naïve adults without previously diagnosed lung disease reporting current respiratory symptoms and showing normal pre- and post-bronchodilator spirometry underwent fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FENO) measurement, methacholine challenge testing and induced sputum analysis. AHR was defined as a provocative concentration of methacholine causing a 20% fall in forced expiratory volume in 1 s (PC20) <16 mg·mL−1and T2 inflammation was defined as sputum eosinophils >2% and/orFENO>25 ppb.ResultsOut of 132 subjects (mean±sdage 57.6±14.2 years, 52% female), 47 (36% (95% CI 28–44%)) showed AHR: 20/132 (15% (95% CI 9–21%)) with PC20<4 mg·mL−1and 27/132 (21% (95% CI 14–28%)) with PC204–15.9 mg·mL−1. Of 130 participants for whom sputum eosinophils,FENOor both results were obtained, 45 (35% (95% CI 27–43%)) had T2 inflammation. 14 participants (11% (95% CI 6–16%)) had sputum eosinophils >2% and PC20≥16 mg·mL−1, suggesting eosinophilic bronchitis. The prevalence of T2 inflammation was significantly higher in subjects with PC20<4 mg·mL−1(12/20 (60%)) than in those with PC204–15.9 mg·mL−1(8/27 (30%)) or ≥16 mg·mL−1(25/85 (29%)) (p=0.01).ConclusionsAsthma, underlying T2 airway inflammation and eosinophilic bronchitis may remain undiagnosed in a high proportion of symptomatic subjects in the community who have normal pre- and post-bronchodilator spirometry.
Pathogen spectra in hospitalised and nonhospitalised children with community-acquired pneumonia
Authors: Wetzke Martin , Schütz Katharina , Kopp Matthias Volkmar , Seidenberg Jürgen , Vogelberg Christian , Ankermann Tobias , Happle Christine , Voigt Gesche , Köster Holger , Illig Thomas , Lex Christiane , Schuster Antje , Maier Ralph , Panning Marcus , Barten Grit , Rohde Gernot , Welte Tobias , Hansen Gesine 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundPaediatric community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a leading cause of paediatric morbidity. However, particularly for outpatients with paediatric CAP, data on aetiology and management are scarce.MethodsThe prospective pedCAPNETZ study multicentrically enrols children and adolescents with outpatient-treated or hospitalised paediatric CAP in Germany. Blood and respiratory specimens were collected systematically, and comprehensive analyses of pathogen spectra were conducted. Follow-up evaluations were performed until day 90 after enrolment.ResultsBetween December 2014 and August 2020, we enrolled 486 children with paediatric CAP at eight study sites, 437 (89.9%) of whom had radiographic evidence of paediatric CAP. Median (interquartile range) age was 4.5 (1.6–6.6) years, and 345 (78.9%) children were hospitalised. The most prevalent symptoms at enrolment were cough (91.8%), fever (89.2%) and tachypnoea (62.0%). Outpatients were significantly older, displayed significantly lower C-reactive protein levels and were significantly more likely to be symptom-free at follow-up days 14 and 90. Pathogens were detected in 90.3% of all patients (one or more viral pathogens in 68.1%; one or more bacterial strains in 18.7%; combined bacterial/viral pathogens in 4.1%). Parainfluenza virus andMycoplasma pneumoniaewere significantly more frequent in outpatients. The proportion of patients with antibiotic therapy was comparably high in both groups (92.4% of outpatientsversus86.2% of hospitalised patients).ConclusionWe present first data on paediatric CAP with comprehensive analyses in outpatients and hospitalised cases and demonstrate high detection rates of viral pathogens in both groups. Particularly in young paediatric CAP patients with outpatient care, antibiotic therapy needs to be critically debated.
Impact of computed tomographic patterns and extent on clinical management and outcomes of patients with organising pneumonia
Authors: Huang Tang-Hsiu , Wei Sheng-Huan , Huang Li-Ting , Er Hong-Ping , Yu Yu-Ting , Lee Chung-Ta , Tseng Yau-Lin , Wu Chao-Liang 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundOrganising pneumonia (OP) has variable clinical and radiographic presentations and unstandardised treatments. Most patients with OP have favourable outcomes, but some develop respiratory insufficiency, experience recurrence or die. In this study we investigated the impact of computed tomographic (CT) patterns and extent of OP on the diagnostic and therapeutic management that patients received, and that on the therapeutic response and prognosis (particularly the risk of respiratory insufficiency and death).MethodsWe retrospectively studied 156 patients with OP followed at our hospital between 2010 and 2021. The diagnosis was confirmed histologically and verified by multidisciplinary specialists. We performed Firth's logistic regression to determine the relationship between CT features and aetiologies, management and outcomes including the risk of severe disease (defined as the need for supplemental oxygen or mechanical ventilation). We conducted Kaplan–Meier analyses to assess survival differences.ResultsPatients exhibiting multilobe involvement or mixed patterns, or both, were more likely to have secondary OP and receive immunosuppressants. Higher proportions of these patients experienced recurrence. Compared to patients with single-lobe involvement and single-pattern, they also had an enhanced risk of severe disease (the adjusted odds ratio for patients who simultaneously had multilobe involvement and mixed patterns was 27.64; 95% confidence interval 8.25–127.44). Besides, these patients had decreased survival probabilities.ConclusionDifferent CT features of OP impact patients’ management and prognosis. When treating patients with OP exhibiting multilobe involvement or mixed patterns, or both, it is important to identify the possible causative aetiology and follow closely for adverse outcomes.
Experimental system of care coordination for the home return of patients with metastatic cancer: a survey of general practitioners
Authors: Gimenez Laëtitia , Druel Vladimir , Bonnet Anastasia , Delpierre Cyrille , Grosclaude Pascale , Rouge-Bugat Marie-Eve 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
To promote improved coordination between general practice and hospital, the French clinical trial CREDO (“Concertation de REtour à DOmicile”) is testing an innovative experimental consultation for patients with metastatic cancer who are returning home. This consultation involves the patient, the patient’s referring GP (GPref) and a GP with specific skills in oncology (GPonc) in a specialized care center. The objective of our study is to explore the satisfaction of GPsref about this consultation, in the phase of interaction between GPonc and GPref.

Methods
This observational, cross-sectional, multicenter study explored the satisfaction of GPsref who had participated in this type of consultation, via a telephone survey.

Results
One Hundred GPsref responded to the questionnaire between April and September 2019 (overall response rate: 55%). 84.5% were satisfied with the consultation, and the majority were satisfied with its methods. Half of the GPsref learned new information during the consultation, three-quarters noted an impact on their practice, and 94.4% thought that this type of coordination between the GPref and the oncology specialist could improve general practice - hospital coordination.

Conclusions
For GPs, the CREDO consultation seems to be practical and effective in improving the coordination between general medicine and hospital. GPs would benefit from such coordination for all patients with cancer, several times during follow-up and at each occurrence of a medically significant event.
Cardiometabolic profile of 15057 elderly Spanish workers: association of sociodemographic variables and tobacco consumption
Authors: Ramírez-Manent J. I. , Altisench Jané B. , Arroyo Bote S. , López Roig C. , González San Miguel H. , López-González A. A. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Aging of the world population is one of the most significant demographic changes of our time. Populations older than 60 years are heterogeneous, and age is an independent cardiovascular risk factor aggravated by frailty, obesity, and diabetes, and influenced by several factors, including sex and socioeconomic status. The objective of this study was to calculate cardiovascular risk in workers of both sexes over 60 years of age and to assess whether there are difference s by sex, social class, smoking, and type of job.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was carried out in 15,057 elderly Spanish workers from different autonomous communities in Spain and with different labor occupations. Anthropometric, sociodemographic, clinical, and laboratory values were determined. People were classified according to age from 60 to 64 years inclusive and from 65 to 69 years, smokers and non-smokers, and both blue-collar and white-collar workers. Subsequently, a multivariate analysis was carried out.

Results
Men, blue-collar workers, smokers, and aging were factors that influenced cardiovascular risk: with an OR of 3.27 (95% CI: 2.64–4.05) in people 65 years of age or older versus the younger group, and an OR of 3.15 (95% CI: 2.69–3.69) in smokers versus non-smokers. A stronger independent association was found between smoking, age, and cardiovascular risk. The risk of developing non-alcoholic fatty liver and liver fibrosis was much higher in men than in women, with an OR of 4.06 (95% CI: 3.66–4.50) for the former and an OR of 2.10 (95% CI: 1.95–2.26) for the BARD index.

Conclusions
The highest risk groups were observed in male subjects with a history of smoking and blue-collar workers and, as such, should be considered for cardiovascular risk screening programs.
Point prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in Sweden at six time points during 2020
Authors: Groenheit Ramona , Beser Jessica , Kühlmann Berenzon Sharon , Galanis Ilias , van Straten Edward , Duracz Jan , Rapp Marie , Hansson Disa , Mansjö Mikael , Söderholm Sandra , Muradrasoli Shaman , Risberg Anna , Ölund Richard , Wiklund Andreas , Metzkes Kristoffer , Lundberg Matilda , Bacchus Philip , Tegmark Wisell Karin , Bråve Andreas 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
In order to estimate the prevalence and understand the spread of SARS-CoV-2 in Sweden, the Public Health Agency of Sweden, with support from the Swedish Armed Forces, conducted a series of point prevalence surveys between March and December 2020.

Methods
Sampling material and instructions on how to perform self-sampling of the upper respiratory tract were delivered to the homes of the participants. Samples were analysed by real-time PCR, and the participants completed questionnaires regarding symptoms.

Findings
The first survey in the Stockholm region in March 2020 included 707 participants and showed a SARS-CoV-2 prevalence of 2.5%. The following five surveys, performed on a national level, with between 2461 and 2983 participants, showed SARS-CoV-2 prevalences of 0.9% (April), 0.3% (May), 0.0% (August), 0.0% (September), and 0.7% (December). All positive cases who responded to questionnaires reported experiencing symptoms that occurred from 2 weeks before the date of sampling up to and including the date of sampling.

Interpretation
None of the individuals shown to be PCR-positive were asymptomatic at the time of sampling or in the 14 days prior to sampling. This is in contrast to many other surveys in which a substantial proportion of positive cases have been reported to be asymptomatic. Our surveys demonstrate a decreasing ratio between notified cases and the observed prevalence throughout the year, in line with increasing testing capacity and the consecutive inclusion of all symptomatic individuals in the case definition for testing.
Sport and self-esteem in people living with HIV: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Grandiere Perez Lucia , Allavena Clotilde , Sécher Solène , Durand Sylvain , Grégoire Antoine , Vandamme Yves-Marie , Hitoto Hikombo , Leautez-Nainville Sophie , Michau Christophe , Billaud Eric 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
In the general population, sport activity is associated with better health and better self-esteem. Among people living with HIV (PLHIV), sport activity could also be associated with better self-esteem. The main objective of our study was to assess the association between sport activity and self-esteem among people living with HIV. The secondary objectives were to evaluate the associations between sport activity with fatigue as well as with pain.

Methods
We performed a cross-sectional observational study among PLHIV in our region (Pays de la Loire in France). Each adult seen in routine HIV care was invited to participate in the study. Participants were invited to fill out self-questionnaires about sport activity, self-esteem, fatigue, and pain. The 2 groups of participants with and without sport activity were compared with a T Student test for self-esteem, fatigue, and pain scales.

Results
Among the 1160 people included in the study, 47% performed sport activity. The self-esteem score was better in the “sporting group” compared with the “non sporting group” (Rosenberg mean scale 32.7 ± 5.1/40 vs 31.9 ± 5 p = 0.01). The Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy Fatigue scale showed a lower fatigue in the sporting group than in the non-sporting group (mean total score 125 ± 22 vs 118 ± 24 p < 0.0001). The sporting group had a lower mean pain score (1.1 ± 1.8) than the non sporting group (1.4 ± 1.9 p = 0.004).

Conclusions
Among PLHIV in our region, sport activity was associated with better self-esteem, lower fatigue and lower pain. Sport activity should be included in patient care for people living with HIV.
The cultural adaptation of the go wish card game for use in Flanders, Belgium: a public health tool to identify and discuss end-of-life preferences
Authors: Dupont Charlèss , Smets Tinne , Monnet Fanny , Eneslätt Malin , Tishelman Carol , Van den Block Lieve 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Public health tools like the Go Wish card game from the US, have been found useful to support people in reflecting on their end-of-life preferences, but a cultural adaptation is essential for their success. In the present study, we explore the necessary cultural adaptations to the Go Wish cards by applying an extensive, systematic, and community-engaging negotiating procedure to facilitate the use of the cards in the general population of Flanders, Belgium.

Methods
We used an iterative cultural adaptation process with repeated discussions with various community organizations and representatives of minority and religious groups. After that, the cards were evaluated by 12 healthcare professionals in relation to: linguistic equivalence to the original version, applicability, comprehensibility, and relevance per card. Additional testing with potential users preceded final adjustments.

Results
We found that stakeholders were keen to engage throughout the process of cultural adaptation and we were able to make a range of cultural adaptations for the use of the cards in Flanders. All original statements were rephrased from passive to more active statements. Sixteen out of 36 cards were adjusted to make them more culturally appropriate for use in Flanders, e.g., “to meet with clergy or a chaplain” to “having a spiritual counselor as support.” Three new cards were added: two with statements appropriate to the Belgian patient rights and euthanasia legislation and one extra Wild Card. Potential users (n = 33) felt that the cards supported conversations about end-of-life preferences.

Conclusion
By making community engagement a cornerstone of our adaption process, we developed a card set that potential end-users considered a supportive public health tool for reflecting and discussing end-of-life values and preferences. The described process is particularly valuable for culturally adapt interventions, especially given that community engagement in adapting interventions is essential to creating grounded interventions.
Patterns of health lifestyle behaviours: findings from a representative sample of Israel
Authors: Nudelman Gabriel , Yakubovich Sol 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundResearchers are increasingly acknowledging the importance of understanding patterns of engagement in multiple, as opposed to isolated, health behaviours. Accordingly, several studies, targeting various geographical regions, have begun to identify and characterize unique classes of individuals in terms of their engagement in health behaviours, towards gaining insights that might guide tailored health interventions. Our study extends this stream of research to the Israeli context, as well as examines whether certain sociodemographic characteristics tend to be associated with affiliation to a specific group of individuals, i.e., class membership.MethodsTwo large representative samples were obtained from the 2010 and 2017 National Social Surveys of the Israel Central Bureau of Statistics. Latent Class Analysis was used to identify different classes, based on levels of engagement in five health behaviours: fruit-and-vegetable consumption, physical activity, smoking avoidance, sleep, and influenza vaccination. Multinomial logistic regression was applied to test the associations between sociodemographic characteristics (age, gender, religion, education level) and class membership.ResultsWe identified three distinct classes (denoted “healthy”, “unhealthy”, and “mixed”). Overall, the “healthy” class was characterized by healthy levels of fruit-and-vegetable consumption and physical activity, a low rate of currently-smoking individuals, and a high proportion of influenza vaccination. The “mixed” class was characterized by healthy levels of fruit-and-vegetable consumption and sleep duration, moderate levels of physical exercise, a high proportion of currently light smokers, and a low rate of vaccination. The “unhealthy” class was marked by relatively low levels of engagement in health behaviours. Generally, older, Jewish, and more-educated individuals were more likely to belong to the “healthy” class, while young, non-Jewish, and less-educated individuals were more likely to belong to the “unhealthy” class. We further identified differences between the 2010 and 2017 samples (e.g., differences in men’s likelihood of being in the “unhealthy” class), suggesting that some behavioural patterns might have changed over time.ConclusionThis research identified three classes of engagement in health behaviours across two large and representative samples. Moreover, the classes were associated with unique sociodemographic characteristics. Consequently, our findings can highlight health-behavioural patterns relevant to different sub-populations that should be considered in public health interventions.
Care-seeking behaviour among febrile children under five in Togo
Authors: Kombate Gountante , Cakpo Gbènonminvo Enoch , Azianu Komi Ameko , Labité Matè Alonyenyo , van der Sande Marianne A. B. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Fever is one of the warning signs of poor health in children. Care-seeking in febrile children is importance in reducing child deaths and morbidity. This care-seeking by parents in children with fever is however relatively low in sub-Sahara Africa. The aim of this study is to improve understanding of the behaviour of caregivers in seeking care for children under five with fever and to identify associated modifiable risk factors in Togo.

Methods
Data from a 2013–2014 cross-sectional nationally representative malaria indicator survey was used. Advice or care-seeking is defined as any child under 5 years of age with fever in the two weeks prior to the interview for whom advice or treatment was sought in a public medical area, private medical area, store, market, or from an itinerant medicine seller. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed using Generalized Linear Models.

Results
A total of 1359 febrile children out of 6529 children under five were enrolled. Care had been sought in 38.9% of cases. In multivariate analysis, independent risk factors associated with formal care seeking were accessibility to the nearest health center (aOR = 1.52, 95% CI [1.18–1.95], mother's education level secondary and above (aOR = 1.85, 95% [1.32–2.59]), mothers who identified as belonging to animist/traditionalist religions compared to mothers who belonged to a formal religion (catholic (aOR = 2. 28, 95% [1.55–3.37]), Muslim (aOR = 2.41, 95% [1.67–3.47]), and Protestant (aOR = 1.9, 95% [1.37–2.65]), Maritime region (aOR = 0.49, 95% [0.29–0.82]) compared to Lome commune.

Conclusion
Interventions should specifically target women with limited education, not identifying as part of an official church and at longer distance from health center.