bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Residual variance and asset pricing in the art market
Authors: Mei Jianping , Moses Michael , Zhou Yi 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we compute residual variance of art prices to examine asset pricing in contemporary art market. Our empirical work shows a few interesting results. First, we discover that the residual variance is significantly and positively related to the average price level achieved by an artist. Second, the residual variance has additional explanatory power in terms of how often the artist’s works are cited and exhibited, even after we control for artist fixed (reputation) effects. Third, collectors tend to value more those artworks with higher residual variance. Artworks by those artists with high residual variance tend to outperform the market within and out of sample. One possible explanation of our results is that residual variance could be a proxy for creative risk taking by contemporary artists. The most creative artists dare to take more risks, which results in higher residual price volatility of their artworks.
The Impact of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Patients with Inborn Errors of Immunity: the Experience of the Italian Primary Immunodeficiencies Network (IPINet)
Authors: Giardino Giuliana , Milito Cinzia , Lougaris Vassilios , Punziano Alessandra , Carrabba Maria , Cinetto Francesco , Scarpa Riccardo , Dellepiane Rosa Maria , Ricci Silvia , Rivalta Beatrice , Conti Francesca , Marzollo Antonio , Firinu Davide , Cirillo Emilia , Lagnese Gianluca , Cancrini Caterina , Martire Baldassare , Danieli Maria Giovanna , Pession Andrea , Vacca Angelo , Azzari Chiara , Fabio Giovanna , Soresina Annarosa , Agostini Carlo , Spadaro Giuseppe , Badolato Raffaele , Cicalese Maria Pia , Aiuti Alessandro , Plebani Alessandro , Quinti Isabella , Pignata Claudio 
Published: April 2022

AbstractCOVID-19 manifestations range from asymptomatic to life-threatening infections. The outcome in different inborn errors of immunity (IEI) is still a matter of debate. In this retrospective study, we describe the experience of the of the Italian Primary Immunodeficiencies Network (IPINet). Sixteen reference centers for adult or pediatric IEI were involved. One hundred fourteen patients were enrolled including 35 pediatric and 79 adult patients. Median age was 32 years, and male-to-female ratio was 1.5:1. The most common IEI were 22q11.2 deletion syndrome in children (26%) and common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) in adults (65%). Ninety-one patients did not require hospital admission, and among these, 33 were asymptomatic. Hospitalization rate was 20.17%. Older age (p0.004) and chronic lung disease (p0.0008) represented risk factors for hospitalization. Hospitalized patients mainly included adults suffering from humoral immunodeficiencies requiring immunoglobulin replacement therapy and as expected had lower B cell counts compared to non-hospitalized patients. Infection fatality rate in the whole cohort was 3.5%. Seroconversion was observed is 86.6% of the patients evaluated and in 83.3% of CVID patients. 16.85% of the patients reported long-lasting COVID symptoms. All but one patient with prolonged symptoms were under IgRT. The fatality rate observed in IEI was slightly similar to the general population. The age of the patients who did not survive was lower compared to the general population, and the age stratified mortality in the 50–60 age range considerable exceeded the mortality from 50 to 60 age group of the Italian population (14.3 vs 0.6%;p < 0.0001). We hypothesize that this is due to the fact that comorbidities in IEI patients are very common and usually appear early in life.
An Optimized Collaborative Scheduling Algorithm for Prioritized Tasks with Shared Resources in Mobile-Edge and Cloud Computing Systems
Authors: Amer Amira A. , Talkhan Ihab E. , Ahmed Reem , Ismail Tawfik 
Published: April 2022

AbstractMobile edge computing (MEC) is a promising technology that has the potential to meet the latency requirements of next-generation mobile networks. Since MEC servers have limited resources, an orchestrator utilizes a scheduling algorithm to decide where and when each task should execute so that the quality of service (QoS) of each task is achieved. The scheduling algorithm should use the least possible resources required to meet the service demands. In this paper, we develop a two-level cooperative scheduling algorithm with a centralized orchestrator layer. The first scheduling level is used to schedule tasks locally on MEC servers. In contrast, the second level resides at the orchestrator and assigns tasks to a neighboring base station or the cloud. The tasks serve in accordance with their priority, which is determined by the latency and required throughput. We also present a resource optimization algorithm for determining resource distribution in the system in order to ensure satisfactory service availability at the minimum cost. The resource optimization algorithm contains two variations that can be employed depending on the traffic model. One variant is used when the traffic is uniformly distributed, and the other is used when the traffic load is unbalanced among base stations. Numerical results show that the cooperative model of task scheduling outperforms the non-cooperative model. Furthermore, the results show that the suggested scheduling algorithm performs better than other well-known scheduling algorithms, such as shortest job first scheduling and earliest deadline first scheduling.
Prioritization of hazards for risk and resilience management through elicitation of expert judgement
Authors: Ioannou Ioanna , Cadena Jaime E. , Aspinall Willy , Lange David , Honfi Daniel , Rossetto Tiziana 
Published: April 2022

AbstractRisk assessment in communities or regions typically relies on the determination of hazard scenarios and an evaluation of their impact on local systems and structures. One of the challenges of risk assessment for infrastructure operators is how to identify the most critical scenarios that are likely to represent unacceptable risks to such assets in a given time frame. This study develops a novel approach for prioritizing hazards for the risk assessment of infrastructure. Central to the proposed methodology is an expert elicitation technique termed paired comparison which is based on a formal mathematical technique for quantifying the range and variance in the judgements of a group of stakeholders. The methodology is applied here to identify and rank natural and operational hazard scenarios that could cause serious disruption or have disastrous effects to the infrastructure in the transnational Øresund region over a period of 5 years. The application highlighted substantial divergences of views among the stakeholders on identifying a single ‘most critical’ natural or operational hazard scenario. Despite these differences, it was possible to flag up certain cases as critical among the natural hazard scenarios, and others among the operational hazards.
Non-fragile tracking control of constrained Waverider Vehicles with readjusting prescribed performance
Authors: Bu Xiangwei , Jiang Baoxu , Feng Yin’an 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe purpose of this article is to solve the fragile problem of prescribed performance control (PPC) with application to Waverider Vehicles (WVs). By fragile problem, it denotes that tracking errors may break away from prescribed funnels if actuators are saturated. Firstly, we propose a new type of readjusting prescribed performance which adaptively readjusts its prescribed funnels such that the spurred transient performance and steady-state performance are still guaranteed for tracking errors in the presence of actuator saturation. Then, we extend the finite-time PPC into the non-affine model of WVs, ensuring that tracking errors always evolve within prescribed funnels. Furthermore, the improved back-stepping procedure without the derivation of virtual control law is utilized to develop non-fragile tracking controllers, and specially, there is no need of any fuzzy/neural approximation, avoiding the computational burden problem. Finally, compared simulation results are presented to verify the effectiveness and advantage.
Quality Assurance of PBPK Modeling Platforms and Guidance on Building, Evaluating, Verifying and Applying PBPK Models Prudently under the Umbrella of Qualification: Why, When, What, How and By Whom?
Authors: Frechen Sebastian , Rostami-Hodjegan Amin 
Published: April 2022

AbstractModeling and simulation emerges as a fundamental asset of drug development. Mechanistic modeling builds upon its strength to integrate various data to represent a detailed structural knowledge of a physiological and biological system and is capable of informing numerous drug development and regulatory decisions via extrapolations outside clinically studied scenarios. Herein, physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling is the fastest growing branch, and its use for particular applications is already expected or explicitly recommended by regulatory agencies. Therefore, appropriate applications of PBPK necessitates trust in the predictive capability of the tool, the underlying software platform, and related models. That has triggered a discussion on concepts of ensuring credibility of model-based derived conclusions. Questions like ‘why’, ‘when’, ‘what’, ‘how’ and ‘by whom’ remain open. We seek for harmonization of recent ideas, perceptions, and related terminology. First, we provide an overview on quality assurance of PBPK platforms with the two following concepts. Platform validation: ensuring software integrity, security, traceability, correctness of mathematical models and accuracy of algorithms. Platform qualification: demonstrating the predictive capability of a PBPK platform within a particular context of use. Second, we provide guidance on executing dedicated PBPK studies. A step-by-step framework focuses on the definition of the question of interest, the context of use, the assessment of impact and risk, the definition of the modeling strategy, the evaluation of the platform, performing model development including model building, evaluation and verification, the evaluation of applicability to address the question, and the model application under the umbrella of a qualified platform.
Dynamic path learning in decision trees using contextual bandits
Authors: Ju Weiyu , Yuan Dong , Bao Wei , Ge Liming , Zhou Bing Bing 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWe present a novel online decision-making solution, where the optimal path of a given decision tree is dynamically found based on the contextual bandits analysis. At each round, the learner finds a path in the decision tree by making a sequence of decisions following the tree structure and receives an outcome when a terminal node is reached. At each decision node, the environment information is observed to hint on which child node to visit, resulting in a better outcome. The objective is to learn the context-specific optimal decision for each decision node to maximize the accumulated outcome. In this paper, we propose Dynamic Path Identifier (DPI), a learning algorithm where the contextual bandit is applied to every decision node, and the observed outcome is used as the reward of the previous decisions of the same round. The technical difficulty of DPI is the high exploration challenge caused by the width (i.e., the number of paths) of the tree as well as the large context space. We mathematically prove that DPI’s regret per round approached zero as the number of the rounds approaches infinity. We also prove that the regret is not a function of the number of paths in the tree. Numerical evaluations are provided to complement the theoretical analysis.
Organic Cation Transporter-Mediated Accumulation of Quinolinium Salts in the LV Myocardium of Rodents
Authors: Grievink Hilbert , Shamni Ofer , Krajewski Seweryn , Steczek Łukasz , Gründemann Dirk , Mishani Eyal , Abourbeh Galith 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Quaternary ammonium salts have demonstrated marked accumulation in the left ventricular (LV) myocardium of rodents and swine. To investigate the mechanism underlying this uptake, the present study examined the interaction of [18F]fluoroethylquinolinium ([18F]FEtQ) with the family of organic cation transporters (OCTs).

Procedures
The cellular uptake of [18F]FEtQ into HEK293 cells, expressing human OCT1, -2, or -3 (HEK293-hOCT), and its inhibition by corticosterone was evaluated in vitro. The inhibitory effect of decynium 22 (D 22) in vivo was also studied, using PET/CT of HEK293-hOCT tumor-bearing mice. Furthermore, the distribution kinetics of [18F]FEtQ were determined in rats, with and without pre-administration of corticosterone, and following administration to a non-human primate (NHP).

Results
The accumulation of [18F]FEtQ in HEK293-hOCT cells was 15–20-fold higher than in control cells and could be inhibited by corticosterone. in vivo, the uptake of [18F]FEtQ in the LV myocardium of corticosterone-treated rats was significantly reduced compared to that of untreated animals. Similarly, following administration of D 22 to HEK293-hOCT tumor-bearing mice, the peak tumor uptake of [18F]FEtQ was reduced by 40–45 % compared to baseline. Contrary to the distinct accumulation of [18F]FEtQ in the LV myocardium of rats, no cardiac uptake was observed following its administration to a NHP.

Conclusions
The quinolinium salt derivative [18F]FEtQ interacts with the family of OCTs, and this interaction could account, at least in part, for the increased uptake in the LV myocardium of rodents. Nonetheless, its low affinity for hOCT3 and the results of PET/CT imaging in a NHP indicate a limited clinical applicability as a radiopharmaceutical for cardiac and/or OCT imaging.
Transfersomal eosin topical delivery assisted by fractional CO2 laser for photodynamic treatment of palmar hyperhidrosis: case study
Authors: Fadeel Doaa A. Abdel , Fadel Maha , Tawfik Abeer , Omar Yasser 
Published: April 2022

AbstractHyperhidrosis is a condition in which the cholinergic receptors on the eccrine glands are overstimulated, resulting in excessive sweating. It is considered a serious cosmetic and psychological problem that affects the patient’s quality of life. Searching for novel treatment modalities is required to minimize the side effects and to attain better patient satisfaction.Photodynamic therapy (PDT), using eosin as a photosensitizer, is developed as a promising modality of the treatment of palmar and axillary hyperhidrosis. In this study, we treated six cases suffering palmar hyperhidrosis by applying the fractional CO2 laser prior to PDT session. For PDT, a hydrogel of eosin loaded in a transfersomes as a nano-delivery carrier was applied for 5 min, followed by irradiation by intense pulsed light (IPL). The prepared transfersomes loaded by eosin were spherical in shape with encapsulation efficiency of 33 ± 3.5%, particle size 305.5 ± 5.7 nm, average zeta potential of − 54 ± 7.6 mV with 80 ± 4% of the loaded eosin was released after 3 h. Two cases achieved 90% improvement after four sessions, three patients needed six sessions to show 75% improvement, while one patient showed only 25% improvement after six sessions. This resulted in shortening the time of PS application and decreasing the number of sessions required to achieve acceptable improvement. More clinical studies on large number of patients are required to optimize the results.
Graphical abstract
Prediction of post-stroke cognitive impairment by Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) performances in acute stroke: comparison of three normative datasets
Authors: Salvadori Emilia , Cova Ilaria , Mele Francesco , Pomati Simone , Pantoni Leonardo 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Cognitive assessment in acute stroke is relevant for identifying patients at risk of persistent post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI). Despite preliminary evidence on MoCA accuracy, there is no consensus on its optimal score in the acute stroke setting to predict PSCI.

Aims
(1) To explore whether the application of different normative datasets to MoCA scores obtained in the acute stroke setting results in variable frequency of patients defined as cognitively impaired; (2) to assess whether the normality cut-offs provided by three normative datasets predict PSCI at 6–9 months; (3) to calculate alternative MoCA cut-offs able to predict PSCI.

Methods
Consecutive stroke patients were reassessed at 6–9 months with extensive neuropsychological and functional batteries for PSCI determination.

Results
Out of 207 enrolled patients, 118 (57%) were followed-up (mean 7.4 ± 1.7 months), and 77 of them (65%) received a PSCI diagnosis. The application of the normality thresholds provided by the 3 normative datasets yielded to variable (from 28.5% to 41%) rates of patients having an impaired MoCA performance, and to an inadequate accuracy in predicting PSCI, maximizing specificity instead of sensitivity. In ROC analyses, a MoCA score of 22.82, adjusted according to the most recent normative dataset, achieved a good diagnostic accuracy in predicting PSCI.

Conclusions
The classification of acute stroke patients as normal/impaired based on MoCA thresholds proposed by general population normative datasets underestimated patients at risk of persistent PSCI. We calculated a new adjusted MoCA score predictive of PSCI in acute stroke patients to be further tested in larger studies.
Variation in the prevalence of different forms of bullying victimisation among adolescents and their associations with family, peer and school connectedness: a population-based study in 40 lower and middle income to high-income countries (LMIC-HICs)
Authors: Biswas Tuhin , Thomas Hannah J. , Scott James G. , Munir Kerim , Baxter Janeen , Huda M. Mamun , Renzaho Andre M.N. , Cross Donna , Ahmed Helal Uddin , Mahumud Rashidul Alam , Mamun Abdullah A 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis study aimed to estimate the prevalence of different forms of bullying victimization experiences and their association with family functioning, peer relationships and school connectedness among adolescents across 40 lower and middle income to high-income countries (LMIC-HICs). Data were drawn from the Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children (HBSC) school-based survey of adolescents aged 11–15 years, between 2013 and 2014. We estimated the weighted prevalence by categorising experiences into traditional bullying victimization only, cyberbullying victimization only, and combined traditional and cyberbullying victimization, at country and country income classification. We used multinominal logistic regression models to estimate the adjusted association with the form of bullying victimization by demographic characteristics, family functioning, peer relationships and school connectedness. Overall, 8.0% reported traditional bullying victimization only (8.8% males, 7.4% females), 2.3% of adolescents reported cyberbullying victimization only (2.1% males, 2.2% females), and 1.7% reported combined traditional and cyber bullying victimization (1.7% males, 1.8% females). All three forms of bullying victimization during adolescence were significantly associated with poor family functioning, poor peer relations and poor school connectedness. A consistent finding is that traditional bullying victimization is considerably more common among adolescents across both LMICs and HICs than cyberbullying victimization. This study also demonstrated that a significant proportion of adolescent’s experience victimization in both forms. Positive family functioning, strong peer relationships and greater school connectedness are associated with a lower risk of both forms of bullying victimization.
Adulteration detection technologies used for halal/kosher food products: an overview
Authors: Mortas Mustafa , Awad Nour , Ayvaz Huseyin 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn the Islamic and Jewish religions, there are various restrictions that should be followed in order for food products to be acceptable. Some food items like pork or dog meat are banned to be consumed by the followers of the mentioned religions. However, illegally, some food producers in various countries use either the meat or the fat of the banned animals during food production without being mentioned in the label on the final products, and this considers as food adulteration. Nowadays, halal or kosher labeled food products have a high economic value, therefore deceiving the consumers by producing adulterated food is an illegal business that could make large gains. On the other hand, there is an insistent need from the consumers for getting reliable products that comply with their conditions. One of the main challenges is that the detection of food adulteration and the presence of any of the banned ingredients is usually unnoticeable and cannot be determined by the naked eye. As a result, scientists strove to develop very sensitive and precise analytical techniques. The most widely utilized techniques for the detection and determination of halal/kosher food adulterations can be listed as High-Pressure Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), Capillary Electrophoresis (CE), Gas Chromatography (GC), Electronic Nose (EN), Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), Enzyme-linked Immuno Sorbent Assay (ELISA), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), Near-infrared (NIR) Spectroscopy, Laser-induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS), Fluorescent Light Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy and Raman Spectroscopy (RS). All of the above-mentioned techniques were evaluated in terms of their detection capabilities, equipment and analysis costs, accuracy, mobility, and needed sample volume. As a result, the main purposes of the present review are to identify the most often used detection approaches and to get a better knowledge of the existing halal/kosher detection methods from a literature perspective.
A Simple Theory of Acting Together
Authors: GILBERT MARGARET 
Published: April 2022

AbstractI argue for an account of acting together that has a particular notion of joint commitment at its core. The account presented offers a compact explanation of four significant aspects of acting together as this is ordinarily understood: the parties have pertinent obligations to one another; each needs the concurrence of the rest with his or her untimely exit from the joint activity; an appropriate collective goal is sufficient to motivate the parties; and the parties may have personal goals contrary to the collective goal. I argue that the simplicity of the account coupled with its explanatory power argue for it in face of concerns that it takes us beyond the concepts we need to explain what it is for an individual to act alone. Indeed, there is reason to invoke joint commitment in many contexts other than acting together in which more than one person is involved. I conclude by noting that the joint commitment account of acting together plausibly accounts for the apparently transformative nature of doing things with others, citing its connection with a sense of togetherness, solidarity, and unity, as in the phrase ‘There is no I in team’.