bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Solid locked intramedullary nailing for expeditious return of bone-setting-induced abnormal fracture union victims to work in South-western Nigeria
Authors: ADESINA Stephen Adesope , EYESAN Samuel Uwale , AMOLE Isaac Olusayo , AKINWUMI Akinsola Idowu , AWOTUNDE Olufemi Timothy , DURODOLA Adewumi Ojeniyi , OWOLABI James Idowu 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Wage earning in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) is predominantly through physical labour. Consequently, limb-related disabilities caused by abnormal fracture unions (AFUs) preclude gainful employment and perpetuate the cycle of poverty. Many AFUs result from traditional bone-setting (TBS), a pervasive treatment for long bone fractures in LMICs. The objective of this study was to accentuate the expediency of solid locked intramedullary nail in the early restoration of victims of traditional TBS-induced abnormal fracture unions (AFUs) to their pre-injury functioning, including work.Methods: One hundred AFUs in 98 patients treated with a solid locked intramedullary nail in our center over a period of 7 years were prospectively studied. Results: We found the mean age to be 47.97 years. Males constituted 63.9% of the patients’ population. Atrophic non-union accounted for 54.1% of the AFUs. The mean fracture-surgery interval was 21.30 months. By the 12th post-operative week, more than 75% of the fractures had achieved knee flexion/shoulder abduction beyond 900, were able to squat and smile (or do shoulder abduction-external rotation), and were able to bear weight fully. Conclusion: The study demonstrated the expediency of solid locked nail in salvaging TBS-induced abnormal fracture unions in a way that permitted early return to pre-injury daily activities and work, thereby reducing fracture-associated poverty.
Structural Design and Effect Analysis on a New Type of Hydraulic Oscillator Driven with Double Valve Groups
Authors: Lingxia Hou , Qiaolei Sun , Long Deng , Yuwei Liu , Ding Feng 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
A new hydraulic oscillator was designed, which was able to adjust pressure fluctuations through two sets of dynamic and fixed valves. Hydraulic oscillators can meet the frequency and axial force requirements of drilling at lower drilling fluid flow than general hydraulic oscillators. Oscillator structure was described in detail and over-flow area between the two sets of dynamic and fixed valves was calculated. Based on drilling fluid flow difference, the influence of different fluid flows on oscillator pressure drops was analyzed, its influence law was determined by the finite element software Fluent, and its effect was verified by numerical simulations. The related research is of great significance in the selection of dynamic and fixed valves and provides the theoretical basis for the optimization of the structural parameters of double-valve hydraulic oscillators.
Dengue virus-2 infection hinders autophagosome–lysosome fusion and autophagy–lysosomal degradation pathway in human umbilical vein endothelial cells
Authors: ning wu , Gou Xiaoqin , Hu Pan , Sunjian Fei , Zuo Li 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Autophagy plays a significant role in antiviral responses. Studies have shown that dengue virus-2 (DENV-2) activates autophagy, causing the endothelial cell injury. However, it remains unclear whether this injury is linked to the whole process of autophagy. This paper aimed to investigate the effects of DENV-2 on autophagic vesicle formation, autophagosome–lysosome fusion, and lysosomal degradation pathway in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). It is found that DENV-2 infection caused the formation of autophagic vesicles and increased the LC3 expression. The expression level of p62, STX17, SNAP29, and VAMP8 increased significantly in the late DENV-2 infection. Additionally, a high number of brighter lysosomal red fluorescent spots in the cytoplasm were observed after DENV-2 infection. In conclusion, DENV-2 infection activated autophagy and induced the formation of autophagic vesicles, but hindered the autophagosome–lysosome fusion and damaged the normal lysosomal acidification, thus blocking the autophagic flux.
Genome-Wide Transcriptome Analysis of the orphan crop tef (Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter) Under Long-term Low Calcium Stress
Authors: Ligaba-Osena Ayalew , Salehin Mohammad , Numan Muhammad , Wang Xuegeng , Choi Sang-Chul , Jima Dereje , Bobay Louis-Mari , Guo Wanli 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+) is one of the essential mineral nutrients for plant growth and development. However, the effects of long-term Ca2+ deficiency in orphan crops such as tef (Zucc.) Trotter], which accumulate high levels of Fe in the grains, remained unknown. Tef is a staple crop for nearly 70 million people in East Africa, particularly in Ethiopia and Eritrea. It is rich in mineral nutrients (Ca, Fe, Zn, and Mn), vitamins, and essential amino acids. In this study, tef plants were grown in a hydroponic solution containing optimum (1 mM) or low (0.01 mM) Ca2+, and plant growth parameters and whole-genome transcriptome were analyzed. Ca+2-deficient plants exhibited leaf necrosis, leaf curling, and growth stunting symptoms. Ca2+ deficiency significantly decreased root and shoot Ca, potassium (K), and copper content in both root and shoots. At the same time, it greatly increased root iron (Fe2+) content, suggesting the role of Ca2+ in the uptake and/or translocation of these minerals. Transcriptomic analysis using RNA-seq revealed that members of Ca2+ channels, including the cyclic nucleotide-gated channels (CNGC) and glutamate receptor-like channels (GLRs), Ca2+-transporters, Ca2+-binding proteins (CBP) and Ca2+-dependent protein kinases (CDPK) were differentially regulated by Ca+2 treatment. Moreover, several Fe/metal transporters, including members of vacuolar Fe transporters (VIT), yellow stripe-like (YSL), natural resistance-associated macrophage protein (NRAMP), and oligo-peptide transporters (OPT), were differentially regulated between shoot and root in response to Ca2+ treatment. Taken together, our findings suggest that Ca2+ deficiency affects plant growth and mineral accumulation by regulating the transcriptomes of several transporters and signaling genes.
The ankle joint: In contrast to passive kinematics, active kinematics are not primarily determined by morphological features
Authors: Wolf Peter , Moor Roman , Lundberg Arne , Nester Christopher , Arndt Anton , Graf Eveline 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Knowledge about the orientation of the ankle joint axis is limited to studies of tarsal morphology and of quasistatic movements. The aim of our study was therefore to determine the axis during walking. Intracortical bone pins were used to monitor the kinematics of the talus and tibia of five healthy volunteers. The finite helical axis was determined for moving windows of 10% stance phase and its orientation reported if the rotation about the axis was more than 2°. A representative axis for ankle dorsi- and plantarflexion was also estimated based on tarsal morphology. As reported by literature, the morphology-based axes were inclined more medially upwards for dorsiflexion than for plantarflexion. However, when a mean of the finite helical axis orientations was calculated for each walking trial for dorsiflexion (stance phase 15-25%) and for plantarflexion (stance phase 85-95%), the inclination was less medially upwards in dorsiflexion than in plantarflexion in four out of five participants. Thus, it appears that the inclination of the ankle joint axis for dynamic loading situations cannot be estimated from either morphology or quasi-static experiments. Future studies assessing muscle activity, ligament behaviour and articulating surfaces may help to identify the determining factors for the orientation of the ankle joint axis.
Avoiding the antenatal counselling faux pax: Bridging the gap between prenatal prognostication and postnatal outcome.
Authors: Elayedatt Rinshi Abid , Krishnan Vivek , udayakumaran suhas 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Closed spina bifida (CSB) is rare in prenatal literature and various lesions are grouped under this broad nosological entity CSB, leading to confusing and misleading prognostic conclusions.
Methods
This is a retrospective observational cohort study of prenatally detected CSB cases using two-dimensional ultrasound, complemented by three-dimensional ultrasonography and fetal MRI in indicated cases, from October 2014 to October 2021 in a tertiary level single centre.
Results
The most common upper vertebral level of CSB was lumbar in 66.6% (10/15). The sub-classification of lesions based on prenatal ultrasound showed an agreement in 53% of the cases. 60% had associated abnormalities identified postnatally, the most common being anorectal malformation seen in 33.3%. On postnatal follow-up, 46.6% had bowel incontinence and bladder dysfunction, 33.3% developed lower limb deformities.
Conclusions
All CSBs do not have a uniformly favourable prognosis. The prognosis of CSB depends on the pathological type, the presence of associated abnormalities and the management.
Full neuroendoscopic contralateral longitudinal fissure approach to resection of parafalcine meningioma via falx cerebri – Retractorless surgical technique: case report
Authors: Li Ming , Zhao Yu , Ji Hongming , Chen Shengli , Zhang Gangli , Zhang Shiyuan , Zhao Jianwei , Liu Jiangtao , Wang Kaixuan , Li Pengfei , Li Hang , Hu Changchen 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: We reported one case of parafalcine meningioma, using a full neuroendoscopic contralateral longitudinal fissure approach to completely resect meningioma through the falx cerebri.Case presentation: This case was a 50-year-old female with a right anterior cerebral parafalcine meningioma. Her left limbs had decreased sensations of temperature, tactile and pain than the right side, muscle strength was grade IV, and Babinski sign was positive on the left. CT and MRI showed a mass on the right frontoparietal with edema.The patient was in supine position and the head was rotated 20 degrees to the opposite side. A neuronavigation was employed to perform a precise surface localization of parafalcine meningioma. Under neuroendoscopy, a contralateral craniotomy and a longitudinal fissure approach were followed by an incision of dura to expose arachnoid, then arachnoid was separated until falx cerebri along its surface. Neuronavigation was employed again to precisely locate the projection of meningioma in the contralateral falx cerebri. According to the position, firstly removed the invaded falx cerebri, blocked the blood supply of the meningioma, then completely resected the meningioma without retraction of normal brain tissue.Conclusion: This report explored a full neuroendoscopic contralateral longitudinal fissure approach to complete resect parafalcine meningioma via falx cerebri using retractorless surgical technique. This approach can reduce the retraction of normal brain tissue to enhance protection of brain function, while maximizing the total resection rate of parafalcine meningioma.
Characteristic distribution and molecular properties of normal cellular prion protein in human endocrine and exocrine tissues
Authors: Koyama Sachiko , Noguchi Hideko , Yagita Kaoru , Hamasaki Hideomi , Shijo Masahiro , Yoshimura Motoi , Inoshita Kohei , Sasagasako Naokazu , Honda Hiroyuki 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Prion disease is an infectious and fatal neurodegenerative disease. Human prion disease autopsy studies have revealed abnormal prion protein (PrPSc) deposits in the central nervous system and systemic organs. In deer, chronic wasting disease has also become a global problem, with PrPSc in saliva and feces. Therefore, understanding normal cellular prion proteins (PrPc) characteristics in human systemic organs is important since they could be a PrPSc source. This study used western blotting and immunohistochemistry to investigate endocrine and exocrine tissues, such as the human pituitary, adrenal, submandibular glands and the pancreas. All tissues had 30–40 kDa PrP signals, which is a slightly higher molecular weight than normal brain tissue. We also identified a 16–20 kDa PrP C-terminal fragment in the adrenal gland, pancreas, and submandibular glands. Most cytoplasmic PrP-positive adenohypophyseal cells were immunopositive for nuclear pituitary-specific positive transcription factor 1. The adrenal medulla and islet cells of the pancreas were PrP-positive and colocalized with chromogranin A. The duct epithelium in the submandibular gland and pancreas were immunopositive for PrP. This study reports the characteristic molecular properties and detailed tissue localization of PrPc in endocrine and exocrine tissues, which is important for infection control and diagnosis.
Efficacy and safety of triplet chemotherapy plus anti-EGFR agent in metastasis colorectal cancer:A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wu Qian , Wang Huan , Zhang Suqin , Zeng Yifei , Yang Wei , Pan Wenjun , Hong Guodai , Gao Wenbin 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Currently, controversies on optimal treatment of potentially respectable metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients still exist. There were encouraging results reported in studies exploring the efficacy on triplet chemotherapy plus anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (anti-EGFR) target agents. Thus, we conducted a meta-analysis aiming to evaluate the efficacy and safety of triplet chemotherapy plus anti-EGFR target agents.
Methods
We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science for relevant studies published from December 2004 to October 2021 for studies observing the efficacy of triplet chemotherapy plus anti-EGFR target agents in mCRC patients. Primary outcomes were objective response rate (ORR) and R0 resection rate (R0RR), secondary outcomes were median progression-free survival (mPFS), median overall survival (mOS) and toxicity. Data were analyzed with R software 4.1.2.
Results
14 studies comprising 762 patients with mCRC were included in this meta-analysis. After treatment with triplet chemotherapy plus anti-EGFR target agents, pooled ORR was 82% (95%CI = 76%-88%, I2 = 76%), pooled R0RR of colorectal liver metastasis (CLM) was 59% (95%CI = 49%-68%,I2 = 60%), both used a random-effects model. The mPFS ranged from 9.5 to 17.8 months, mOS ranged from 24.7 to 62.5 months. 648 grade 3 or 4 adverse events were reported, the most described were: Diarrhea (174/648), neutropenia (157/648) and skin toxicity (95/648). The pooled rates were 29% (95%CI = 20%-39%,I2 = 84%), 28% (95%CI = 20%-37%,I2 = 77%) and 17% (95%CI = 11%-24%,I2 = 66%), respectively.
Conclusions
Triplet chemotherapy plus anti-EGFR agent therapy seems to be capable of increasing the ORR of mCRC patients and R0RR of CLM patients. Toxicity of this treatment are manageable. High-quality randomized controlled trial(RCT) studies are required for further validation.
Identification and genomic characterization of major effect bacterial blight resistance locus (BB-13) in Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)
Authors: Gowda S Anjan , Shrestha Navin , Harris Taylor M , Phillips Anne Z , Fang Hui , Sood Shilpa , Zhang Kuang , Bourland Fred , Bart Rebecca , Kuraparthy Vasu 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Cotton bacterial leaf blight (CBB), caused by Xanthomonas citri subsp. malvacearum (Xcm) has been periodically a damaging disease in the U.S.A. Identification and deployment of genetic resistance in the cotton cultivars is the most economical and efficient means of reducing the crop losses due to CBB. In the current study, a combined genome-wide association study (GWAS) and linkage-mapping approach was used to map the CBB resistance gene in Upland cotton. An elite diversity panel of 380 accessions, genotyped with the Cotton 63K single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array and phenotyped with race-18 of CBB was used in the GWAS. The GWAS localized the CBB resistance to a 2.01 Mb region in the long arm of chromosome D02. Mapping of this CBB resistance was further resolved using linkage mapping in an F6 recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from Acala Maxxa × Arkot 8102. The CBB resistance in Arkot 8102 showed monogenic inheritance. The CBB resistance locus (BB-13) was mapped within the 0.95 cM interval near the telomeric region in the long arm of chromosome D02. Flanking SNP markers, i25755Gh (p = 19.29) and i46775Gh (p = 19.29) of the BB-13 locus from the linkage analysis showed the highest significant marker-trait associations (MTAs) in the GWAS study. Using these SNPs, we targeted the BB-13 locus to a 371 Kb genomic region on chromosome D02. Candidate gene analysis identified thirty putative gene sequences in the targeted region. Nine of the thirty putative genes were involved in disease resistance in plants.
Determination of the risks of failure of locomotive diesel engines
Authors: Baranovskyi Denys , Myamlin Sergey , Muradian Leonty 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The operation of locomotives diesel engines involves aging and physical wear of parts, components and assemblies, which leads to a decrease in the probability of failure-free operation and an increase in the number of failures. To increase the probability of failure-free operation and reduce the number of failures of locomotives diesel engines, a certain maintenance system is applied. To manage of diesel engines maintenance processes in a locomotive depot, it is proposed to use the risks of failures. The article presents mathematical models of the risks of failures depending on the operating parameters of diesel engines. Based on the developed models, it is possible to manage the maintenance processes. Comparison of theoretical and experimental results confirms the adequacy of the developed mathematical models and confirms the effectiveness of the proposed approach to determining the risks of failure of diesel engines for managing maintenance processes in a locomotive depot. As a result, a maintenance process for 5D49 diesel engines in the locomotive depot was developed. By managing the maintenance processes of 5D49 diesel engines in a locomotive depot, it was determined that the optimal mileage is 45,000 km. The resource of 5D49 diesel engines in a locomotive depot in the management of maintenance processes increased by 2.4...5.5% compared to the existing maintenance system.
A scoring screening system based on machine learning for immunotherapy beneficiaries in triple-negative breast cancer
Authors: Gou Qiheng , Liu Zijian , Xie Yuxin , Deng Yulan , Ma Ji , Li Jiangping , Zheng Hong 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: The role of the tumor microenvironment (TME) in predicting prognosis and therapeutic efficacy has been demonstrated. Nonetheless, no systematic studies have focused on TME patterns or their function in the effectiveness of immunotherapy in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC).Methods: In this study, we comprehensively estimated the TME infiltration patterns of 491 TNBC patients from four independent cohorts, and three cohorts that received immunotherapy were used for validation. The TME subtypes were comprehensively evaluated based on immune cell infiltration levels in TNBC, and the TME score was identified and systematically correlated with representative tumor characteristics. Eventually, we sequenced 80 TNBC samples as an external validation cohort to make our conclusions more convincing.Results: Two distinct TME subtypes were identified and were highly correlated with immune cell infiltration levels and immune-related pathways. More representative TME scores calculated by machine learning could reflect the fundamental characteristics of TME subtypes and predict the efficacy of immunotherapy and prognosis of TNBC patients. A low TME score, characterized by activation of immunity and ferroptosis, indicated an activated TME phenotype and better OS. A high TME score, characterized by the activation of immunosuppressive cells such as CAFs, MDSCs, TAM-M2, cancer stem cells, and a lack of adequate immune infiltration, indicated an immune-suppressed TME phenotype and poorer survival. Low TME scores showed a better response to immunotherapy in TNBC by TIDE analysis and sensitivity to multiple drugs in GDSC analysis. A low TME score showed a significant therapeutic advantage in patients in the three immunotherapy cohorts.Conclusions: TME subtypes played an essential role in assessing the diversity and complexity of the TME in TNBC. The TME score could be used to evaluate the TME of an individual tumor to enhance our understanding of the TME and guide more effective immunotherapy strategies. Depicting a sweeping landscape of the TME characteristics of TNBC may therefore help to interpret the responses of TNBC to immunotherapies and provide new strategies for the treatment of cancers.
Use of mobile phones for rehabilitative services among prosthetics users in rural Acholi sub- region of northern Uganda: Findings from a qualitative study
Authors: Yagos Walter Onen , Moro Emmanuel Ben , Huck Jonny , Nirmalan Mahesh 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Digital technologies such as mobile phones have shown potential as one of the vital tools for use in healthcare and related services. However, little has been done to explore the use of mobile phones in prosthetics rehabilitative services, especially in the Acholi sub-region of northern Uganda. We address this gap by exploring ownership of the mobile phone, knowledge of the use of mobile phone applications, use of mobile phones relating to prosthetics rehabilitative services and challenges faced in using the mobile phone.Methods: We conducted semi-structured one-on-one interviews with 16 prosthetics users. Results: More prosthetics users (56%) owned mobile phones compared to those without (44%). Many who owned and use a mobile phone are knowledgeable about applications for calls and messaging. Very few prosthetics users had some knowledge of the internet and use the internet applications for e-mail and social media purposes. Out of the nine participants who owned a mobile phone, eight reported using it to call orthopaedic workshops to seek prosthetics rehabilitative services. The common services are associated with new prostheses, diseases, wound management and training on the use of prostheses. Common challenges in using mobile phones were the cost of airtime, few charging places and insufficient skills. Conclusion: Despite the challenges in using a mobile phone, our results suggest that some prosthetics users owned a mobile phone and used it for issues relating to prosthetics rehabilitative services. Promoting the use of the mobile phone for prosthetic rehabilitative services among prosthetics users is necessary, but with consideration of the factors that hinder the use of mobile phones.