bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Landscape geomorphology and local‐riverine features influence Broad Whitefish (Coregonus nasus) spawning habitat suitability in Arctic Alaska
Authors: Leppi Jason C. , Falke Jeffrey A. , Rinella Daniel J. , Wipfli Mark S. , Seitz Andrew C. , Whitman Matthew S. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractLandscape‐level geomorphic processes influence the spatial and temporal arrangement of fish habitats in freshwater ecosystems and fishes move across riverscapes, selecting a suite of habitats to maximise fitness. Here, we explore the influence of geomorphology on stream channel attributes and assess Broad Whitefish (Coregonus nasus) spawning habitat potential in the Colville River in Arctic Alaska. Using high‐resolution digital surface models (5 m2), we quantified the stream network extent and summarised channel habitat attributes continuously across the drainage network. Next, we developed an intrinsic potential (IP) model for Broad Whitefish by using geomorphic channel parameters previously understood to be associated with spawning habitats (channel width, median substrate size and channel braiding) to estimate the potential of streams across the Colville River watershed to provide spawning habitat. Our model results show the majority of habitat with high IP (≥0.6) was located within the braided sections of the main channel, which encompass >1548 km, but only 2% of the total channel network. The IP model was tested by tracking radio‐tagged Broad Whitefish using aerial surveys. Prespawn fish moved into the watershed starting mid‐July and mostly used habitat with moderate to very high IP in the middle and lower watershed. Several individuals were relocated in smaller multichannels with vegetated bars that contained very low IP (≤0.2), suggesting that other factors, such as hyporheic flow, may also influence spawning habitat selection. Our study demonstrates that IP modelling offers a useful method to quantify spawning habitat potential in data‐poor riverscapes, providing useful information for managers to assess potential anthropogenic impacts and develop conservation plans to protect essential Broad Whitefish habitat.
The prognostic role of combining Krüppel‐like factor 4 score and grade of inflammation in a Norwegian cohort of oral tongue squamous cell carcinomas
Authors: Søland Tine M. , Solhaug Maren B. , Bjerkli Inger‐Heidi , Schreurs Olav , Sapkota Dipak 
Published: April 2022

AbstractKrüppel‐like factor 4 (KLF4) is a zinc‐finger transcription factor involved in inflammation, cancer development, and progression. However, the relationship between KLF4, inflammation, and prognosis in oral cancer is not fully understood. KLF4 expression levels were examined in a multicenter cohort of 128 oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) specimens from the tongue (OTSCC) using immunohistochemistry. In two external KLF4 mRNA datasets (The Cancer Genome Atlas/The Genotype‐Tissue Expression Portal), lower KLF4 mRNA expression was found in OSCC and head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) than in control oral epithelium. These data indicate that down‐regulation of KLF4 mRNA is linked to OSCC/HNSCC progression. Using Cox‐multivariate analysis, a significantly favorable 5‐year disease‐specific survival rate was observed for a subgroup of patients with a combination of high levels of KLF4 expression and inflammation. OSCC cell lines exposed to IFN‐γ showed a significant upregulation of nuclear KLF4 expression, indicating a link between inflammation and KLF4 expression in OSCC. Overall, the current data suggest a functional link between KLF4 and inflammation. The combination of high KLF4 nuclear expression and marked/moderate stromal inflammation might be useful as a favorable prognostic marker for a subgroup of OTSCC patients.
Efficacy and safety of cannabidivarin treatment of epilepsy in girls with Rett syndrome: A phase 1 clinical trial
Authors: Hurley Ellen N. , Ellaway Carolyn J. , Johnson Alexandra M. , Truong Linda , Gordon Rebecca , Galettis Peter , Martin Jennifer H. , Lawson John A. 
Published: April 2022

SummaryObjectiveRett syndrome (RTT), commonly caused by methyl‐CpG‐binding protein 2 (MECP2) pathogenic variants, has many comorbidities. Fifty to ninety percent of children with RTT have epilepsy, which is often drug‐resistant. Cannabidivarin (CBDV), a non‐hallucinogenic phytocannabinoid, has shown benefit in MECP2 animal models. This phase 1 trial assessed the safety and tolerability of CBDV in female children with RTT and drug‐resistant epilepsy, as well as the effect on mean monthly seizure frequency (MMSF), the electroencephalogram (EEG), and non‐epilepsy comorbid symptoms.MethodsFive female children with drug‐resistant epilepsy and a pathogenic MECP2 variant were enrolled. Baseline clinical and laboratory assessments, including monthly seizure frequency, were recorded. CBDV oral solution (50 mg/ml) was prescribed and titrated to 10 mg/kg/day. Data collected included pharmacokinetics, seizure type and frequency, adverse events, EEG, and responses to the Rett Syndrome Behaviour Questionnaire and Rett Syndrome Symptom Severity Index, and were compared to baseline data.ResultsAll five children reached the maximum CBDV dose of 10 mg/kg/day and had a reduction in MMSF (median = 79% reduction). Three children had MMSF reduction > 75%. This corresponded to an overall reduction in seizure frequency from 32 to 7.2 seizures per month. Ninety‐one percent of adverse events were mild or moderate, and none required drug withdrawal. Sixty‐two percent were judged to be unrelated to CBDV. Thirty‐one percent of adverse events were identified as possibly related, of which nearly all were mild, and the remainder were later assessed as RTT symptoms. Hypersomnolence and drooling were identified as related to CBDV. No serious adverse events reported were related to CBDV. No significant change was noted in EEG or non‐epilepsy‐related symptoms of RTT.SignificanceA dose of 10 mg/kg/day of CBDV is safe and well tolerated in a pediatric RTT cohort and suggests improved seizure control in children with MECP2‐related RTT.
Does technology‐enhanced communication improve Helicobacter pylori eradication outcomes?—A meta‐analysis
Authors: Chua Branden Qi Yu , Chong Vanessa Wei Shan , Teng Thomas Zheng Jie , Chia Christopher Tze Wei , Aung Myint Oo , Shelat Vishal G 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundHelicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a highly prevalent organism that can induce an inflammatory state in the upper gastrointestinal tract and lead to complications such as peptic ulcer and gastric cancer. The treatment regime is complicated, and mild‐to‐moderate adverse effects are common, making patient compliance a key determinant of successful eradication. One attractive strategy is to leverage on technology‐enhanced communication (TEC) strategies. However, the current data on the efficacy of TEC modalities in improving H. pylori eradication are limited. This is the first meta‐analysis evaluating its effectiveness to the best of our knowledge. Thus, it is essential to evaluate the current body of evidence to learn the impact of TEC initiatives.MethodsA literature search was done on PubMed, World of Science, and Embase. A total of 9 studies variably reported on compliance rate, eradication rate, adverse effect rate, symptom relief, patient satisfaction, treatment cost, patient disease awareness, and follow‐up rates.ResultsThis meta‐analysis showed that TEC initiatives significantly improve patient compliance (OR 4.52, 95% CI 2.09 – 9.77, p < .01) and eradication rate (OR 1.98, 95% CI 1.34 – 2.93, p < .01) but not adverse effect rate (OR 0.65, 95% CI [0.27 – 1.57], p = .34). Due to the small number of studies and population sample, patient satisfaction, symptom relief, treatment costs, disease awareness, and follow‐up rates were assessed qualitatively.ConclusionTEC initiatives effectively improve compliance to the H. pylori eradication regime and increase the eradication rate.
Transient atrial inflammation in a murine model of Coxsackievirus B3‐induced myocarditis
Authors: Wu Linghe , Fiet Mitchell D. , Raaijmakers Daan R. , Woudstra Linde , van Rossum Albert C. , Niessen Hans W. M. , Krijnen Paul A. J. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAtrial dysfunction is a relatively common complication of acute myocarditis, although its pathophysiology is unclear. There is limited information on myocarditis‐associated histological changes in the atria and how they develop in time. The aim of this study therefore was to investigate inflammation, fibrosis and viral genome in the atria in time after mild CVB3‐induced viral myocarditis (VM) in mice. C3H mice (n = 68) were infected with 105 PFU of Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) and were compared with uninfected mice (n = 10). Atrial tissue was obtained at days 4, 7, 10, 21, 35 or 49 post‐infection. Cellular infiltration of CD45+ lymphocytes, MAC3+ macrophages, Ly6G+ neutrophils and mast cells was quantified by (immuno)histochemical staining. The CVB3 RNA was determined by in situ hybridization, and fibrosis was evaluated by elastic van Gieson (EvG) staining. In the atria of VM mice, the numbers of lymphocytes on days 4 and 7 (p < .05) and days 10 (p < .01); macrophages on days 7 (p < .01) and 10 (p < .05); neutrophils on days 4 (p < .05); and mast cells on days 4 and 7 (p < .05) increased significantly compared with control mice and decreased thereafter to basal levels. No cardiomyocyte death was observed, and the CVB3 genome was detected in only one infected mouse on Day 4 post‐infection. No significant changes in the amount of atrial fibrosis were found between VM and control mice. A temporary increase in inflammation is induced in the atria in the acute phase of CVB3‐induced mild VM, which may facilitate the development of atrial arrhythmia and contractile dysfunction.
Development and performance evaluation of thresher for onion umbels
Authors: Pandiselvam Ravi , Kailappan R. , Imran Syed , Kothakota Anjineyulu , Sruthi N.U. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe post‐harvest unit operations of onion umbels are being carried out manually. To mechanize this process, the present study was carried out to develop an onion umbels thresher. The developed machine works on the principle of abrasive and impact actions from rasp bars. Thresher performance was evaluated at different numbers of rasp bars (2, 3, 4, and 8 numbers), feed rates (25 ± 1, 30 ± 1, and 35 ± 1 kg/h), concave clearance (6.5 and 7.5 mm), and peripheral speeds (2.5 and 3.3 m/s). At 35 ± 1 kg/h feed rate, 2 numbers of rasp bars, 7.5 mm concave clearance, and 2.5 m/s peripheral speed recorded higher threshing efficiency (97.82%) and lower seed damage (2.08%). The parameters such as the number of rasp bars on the threshing cylinder, peripheral speeds, concave clearances, and feed rates recorded significant effect (p <  0.01) on threshing efficiency and seed damage.Practical ApplicationsThe manual onion seed extraction process such as beating with sticks, cleaning of threshed onion umbels by manual sieving than further cleaning by dipping in water, sun drying, and packaging is tedious and requires 6–8 days for completing all associated unit operations. Onion umbels are subjected to impact force leading to damage of the seeds, which affects the germination rate and lower vigor index. In this context, mechanization of the onion umbels threshing process is imperative to maintain the quality of the seed.
Behavioral finance and the architecture of the asset management industry
Authors: Verlaine Michel 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe standard portfolio approach assumes that investors maximize expected utility, and that the Markowitz mean–variance standard portfolio optimization approach can be applied. Behavioral research, however, indicates that investors’ behavior with respect to risk or uncertainty is not consistent with expected utility. Notably, decision makers transform probabilities. Most of the academic literature integrating those aspects, however, focuses on so‐called financial market anomalies but does not focus on the structural impact those behavioral aspects might have, notably in terms of industrial organization of the asset management industry. This paper provides a survey of the asset management industry and argues that the architecture of the asset management industry is inconsistent with the standard expected utility framework. The origin of the industrial organization of the asset management industry stems from the convexity of the flow–performance relationship, which is due to prospect theory effects. The convexity of the flow–performance relationship explains the inflation of mutual funds and fund families, a phenomenon inconsistent with the Mutual Fund Separation Theorem.
Trypsin‐chymotrypsin as an adjuvant to diclofenac potassium on the postoperative sequelae following mandibular third molar impactions—A comparative study
Authors: Poddar Vishal Kumar , Kapoor Swati , Arora Srimathy S. , Kumari Kusum , Kour Taneet , Kour Ramanpreet 
Published: April 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo assess the efficacy of Chymotrypsin‐trypsin with Diclofenac versus Diclofenac alone on the postoperative sequelae of lower third molar disimpactions.MethodsA total of 60 patients to undergo lower third molar surgery were divided randomly into 2 equal groups. Group 1 (30 patients) received Chymotrypsin‐trypsin with Diclofenac tablets and conventional treatment whilst Group 2 (30 patients) received Diclofenac Potassium 50 mg and conventional treatment. Pain, facial swelling, and Interincisal opening were measured for each patient on the 1st, 3rd and 7th days postoperatively.ResultsIn GROUP 1, the mean reduction of VAS Score for postoperative pain was 4.33 to 0.76, whereas GROUP 2 reported a decrease in score from 3.06 to 0.93. During the time period of Day 1 to Day 7, GROUP 1 reported a mean reduction of swelling score to 0.26 on Day 7, whilst GROUP 2 reported a swelling score of 0.80 on Day 7. For the Interincisal Opening and Trismus, GROUP 1 had mean scores from 0.40 (Day 1) to 1.10 (Day 3) and 0.26 on Day 7, whilst GROUP 2 had mean scores from 0.63 (Day 1) to 1.20 (day 3) and 0.73 at Day 7. GROUP 1 reported no Adverse symptoms, whereas GROUP 2 showed symptoms on Day 1 and Day 3.ConclusionTrypsin‐Chymotrypsin in combination with Diclofenac is an effective and superior analgesic when compared to Diclofenac alone in the treatment of postoperative sequelae of lower third molar surgery with good anti‐inflammatory activity.
Lessons learned from a delayed diagnosis of atrioesophageal fistula: A multidisciplinary approach
Authors: Wilson Zachary T , Khan Ahad , Morris Michael F , Amabile Orazio , Bahu Marwan , Uppalapu Suresh 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAtrioesophageal fistulas are a rare complication of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) that requires rapid identification and emergent surgical repair to prevent morbidity and mortality. We report a case of a 32‐year‐old man with atrial fibrillation presenting with chest pain followed by rapidly progressive sepsis and embolic cerebrovascular accident 23 days after RFA. Subtle initially overlooked findings on multiple computed tomography caused a delay in diagnosis. Atrioesophageal fistulas remain diagnostically challenging. A high index of suspicion coupled with serial computed tomography of the chest with intravenous and oral contrast reviewed by a multimodal team is essential to make a timely diagnosis.
Establishment of male‐specific sequence‐tagged site markers in Asparagus officinalis: An efficient tool for sex identification
Authors: Ahmad Naveed , Tian Ruizheng , Li Guanghui , Zhao Chuanzhi , Fan Shoujin , Sun Jie , Zhao Shuzhen , Wang Xingjun 
Published: April 2022

AbstractGarden asparagus is a major dioecious plant that serves as a model for understanding sex determination and sex chromosome evolution. The shared cytogenetic homology of the sex chromosomes, with the exception of a mega base region missing from the X chromosome, has considerably hindered the identification of male and female plants. In this study, two male‐specific sequence‐tagged site (STS) markers Asp‐YS1 and Asp‐YS2, located on the Y chromosome, were discovered for early sex identification. The Asp‐YS1 and Asp‐YS2 markers were particularly effective in amplifying a fragment of 490‐bp and 296‐bp, respectively. Most of the male progenies of selected cultivars, and one homozygous male cultivar (‘Y14’), showed male‐specific amplification using these two markers. Of the 24 tested cultivars, the results of 21 cultivars demonstrated male‐specific amplification using the newly identified STS markers suggesting greater applicability and higher specificity over the previously existed Asp1‐T7sp marker, which is limited to some commercial cultivars. These findings presented the establishment of an efficient molecular method for sex identification in asparagus, enabling the rapid selection of male parental lines in future breeding programmes.
Characterization and Quantification of Tryptophan‐ and Tyrosine‐derived Hydroperoxides†
Authors: Jayme Stella Boutris , Prado Fernanda Manso , Massafera Mariana Pereira , Ronsein Graziella Eliza , Di Mascio Paolo 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACTThe reaction of singlet oxygen (1O2) with the amino acids tryptophan and tyrosine, either free or inserted in peptides or proteins, gives rise to hydroperoxides. To understand the impact of these hydroperoxides in complex biological systems, methods allowing their characterization and accurate quantification must be available. In this work, hydroperoxides derived from tryptophan and tyrosine and from peptides containing these amino acids were synthesized by photooxidation, and characterized by high‐resolution mass spectrometry. In addition, experiments were carried out to compare two colorimetric methods commonly used for quantification of peroxides, namely the iodometric and the ferric‐xylenol orange assays. For the tryptophan hydroperoxide, the quantifications obtained by colorimetric methods were then compared to that obtained by NMR. The results showed that for the ferric‐xylenol orange method, the stoichiometry between peroxide and Fe3+ ions varies considerably. On the other hand, for the iodometric assay, the stoichiometry peroxide:I3− ions is always 1:1. However, the kinetics of the reactions of peroxides with I− vary, and the assay must be performed in anaerobic conditions. Thus, the iodometric method is more appropriate for precise quantification of a given peroxide. The characterization and accurate quantification of biological peroxides is key to understand the mechanisms involved in redox processes.
Physiological correlates of support forself‐expansionand links to goal pursuit in retirement
Authors: Tomlinson Jennifer M. , Feeney Brooke C. , J. Peters Brett , Zhang Yiyue 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPartner support for self‐expansion has been associated with long‐term health and retirement satisfaction, yet the underlying physiological correlates are unknown. We predicted that partner support for self‐expansion would be associated with short‐term physiology and behavior as well as long‐term goal pursuit. And 100 couples with at least one retiree within 2 years of retirement visited the laboratory and had a discussion of the retirees' future goals for retirement. We recorded behaviors and physiological responses during the discussion, assessed immediate feelings of capability afterwards, and then assessed goal pursuit one year later. Laboratory results indicated that partner support for self‐expansion was linked to increased stroke volume reactivity in the support‐recipient (suggesting a greater challenge response), which in turn predicted greater feelings of capability of accomplishing the goal, particularly for males. In addition, decreases in the support‐provider's pre‐ejection period reactivity (greater sympathetic arousal) during the discussion were associated with greater partner support for self‐expansion in the lab, suggesting that support providers offer greater levels of support when they exhibit greater physiological signs of task engagement. Longitudinal follow‐up results indicated that immediate feelings of capability of accomplishing the goal following a discussion about that goal predicted goal pursuit 1 year later. This research leverages a dyadic design and a multi‐method approach (involving physiology, observed behavior, and perceptions) to show that couple members' physiology during goal discussions has long‐term implications for a support‐recipient's ability to accomplish goals.
Coming to terms with public participation in decision making: Balancing clarity and impact in the Aarhus Convention
Authors: Zhao Yankun , Butcher Bill 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPublic participation in decision making plays an essential role in achieving sustainable development goals. The 1998 Aarhus Convention, a benchmark in this field, fosters this role and, in its Article 6, sets out procedures and standards for implementing public participation in decision making on specific activities. Given the widespread adoption and recognition of the Aarhus Convention, it is important to clarify these standards to guide the design of public participation regulation and its implementation and practice. To that end, this article identifies and analyses the major interpretative issues that arise from the terminology adopted in Article 6 and examines the balance between clarity in the terminology and the impact of the provision. The article also suggests a series of best practice principles for better implementing the Aarhus Convention and achieving effective public participation.
Occult Mönckeberg medial calcinosis of the facial and infraorbital arteries in an elderly edentulous patient
Authors: Brooks John K. , Shin Kyungmin , Price Jeffery B. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractMönckeberg medial calcinosis (MMC) is a potentially serious vasculopathy involving calcification of the arterial tunica media of the extremities, heart, and other viscera. There are a limited number of cases reported in the dental literature, usually associated with the facial artery. Although MMC is often discerned as an occult radiologic finding in middle‐aged adults, its presence may serve as a harbinger for end‐stage renal disease, diabetes, other pathologic processes, and possible regional hypoperfusion. The objective of this report is to feature an elderly patient with MMC of the facial and infraorbital arteries. In addition, a brief review of published cases of MMC and its differential diagnosis have been provided. It is recommended that affected patients be referred for a comprehensive medical assessment. Timely discovery of calcified arteries may improve patient outcomes.