bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outcome-relevante Anästhesiologie: intraoperatives hämodynamisches Monitoring und Management
Authors: Vokuhl Christina , Briesenick Luisa , Saugel Bernd 
Published: February 2022

ZusammenfassungHämodynamisches Monitoring und Management ist ein wichtiger Bestandteil einer jeden Narkose und damit von großer Bedeutung für die tägliche anästhesiologische Praxis. In diesem Beitrag
werden die Grundlagen des hämodynamischen Monitorings dargelegt und die Relevanz eines intraoperativen hämodynamischen Managements aufgezeigt.
Factors Associated with Kinesiophobia in Patients with Knee
Osteoarthritis
Authors: Acar Manolya , Sönmezer Emel , Yosmaoğlu H. Baran 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Purpose This study aims to determine factors affecting kinesiophobia in
patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA).
Materials and Methods The fear of movement was measured using the Tampa
Scale of Kinesiophobia in 60 patients with knee OA. Pain intensity was assessed
with the Visual Analog Scale, quality of life with the Nottingham Health Profile
(NHP), disability with the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities
Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), anxiety and depression with the Hospital Anxiety
and Depression Scale (HADS), balance with the Berg Balance Scale, mobility with
the Timed Up and Go Test, and the physical activity status was measured with the
International Physical Activity Questionnaire.
Results Physical mobility and emotional reactions subscales of NHP, all
WOMAC subscales and the HADS depression subscale were significantly related to
kinesiophobia. Muscle strength, ROM, level of physical activity, balance,
mobility and anxiety were not significantly related to kinesiophobia. Quality of
life and disability explained 34.4% of the variation in the Tampa Scale
of Kinesiophobia.
Conclusions Kinesiophobia was associated with quality of life, disability
and depression. It may be useful for clinicians to pay attention to the
evaluation of psychosocial characteristics instead of physical performance
parameters in order to increase treatment success in OA patients.
How does Spinal Mobility Affect Balance and Postural Control in
Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis? A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Balim Hatice , Unver Bayram , Sevik Kevser , Unver Fatma 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Purpose Alterations in spinal mobility lead to impaired postural control
and balance, an increased risk of falls and a decrease in quality of life. The
purposes of this study were to investigate the relationship between spinal
mobility, postural control and balance and to compare spinal mobility and
balance with a view to disease severity in patients with ankylosing spondylitis
(AS).
Methods 137 patients with AS were divided into 2 groups by tragus-to-wall
distance (TWD): (Group I=mild AS, n=51), (Group
II=moderate AS, n=86). Balance was assessed with the Single-Leg
Balance Test, the Timed Up and Go Test (TUG) and the Berg Balance Scale (BBS).
Spinal mobility was measured by BASMI Index [TWD, cervical rotation (CR),
Modified Schober Test (MST), lumbar lateral flexion (LLF), intermalleolar
distance (IMD) and thoracic expansion (TE)] and was compared between the groups.
The association with balance was investigated.
Results Spinal mobility and BBS scores in Group II were worse than in
Group I (p<0.05). Static balance and TUG of the groups were similar
(p>0.05). Dynamic balance was weakly correlated with MST, LLF and IMM
and moderately correlated with CR, TE and BASMI. Static balance was weakly
correlated with spinal mobility (p<0.05). There was no correlation
between TWD and any balance domains (p>0.05).
Conclusions In patients with AS, spinal mobility and dynamic balance
worsen as the disease progresses, whereas static balance does not change. Such
changes in mobility and balance can negatively affect patients’
participation in daily life and increase their risk of falls. Therefore,
detailed evaluation of balance, balance training and fall prevention approaches
need to be implemented in the rehabilitation programs of patients with AS.
Plastic Surgery Practice during COVID Times
Authors: Bhaskaran Deepak , Chandran Aswathy , T.M Sheeja Rajan 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Introduction COVID-19 has affected plastic surgeons like never before. We conducted an all-India survey to find how the practice was affected among public/private sector, reconstructive/aesthetic practice, and consultants/residents. We have proposed some solutions to the identified problems, which are supported by previous literature.
Methods A survey framed in Google forms was circulated through WhatsApp and emails in August 2020. Closed and semiopen questions regarding changes in personal and professional lives, coping strategies adopted, and open questions for suggestions in improving practice, academics and measures to tackle the pandemic were included. Responses were collected in an Excel sheet and analysis done using SPSS software.
Results A total of 220 consented responses were obtained. Public hospital practitioners had to bear the COVID-related administrative as well as executive works, especially residents, which led to anxiety, family concern, burnout, and concern about the loss of skills and academics. Patient interaction was also reduced. Aesthetic surgeons bore more financial loss.
Conclusions Plastic surgeons in India faced decrease in caseload, financial loss, COVID-related duties, workload for residents, reduced academics, family and mental health problems, difficulty with personal protection equipment (PPE) during surgeries, and queries from patients. These can be solved by doing cases within the limits of protocols and safety, pooling public and private sector for COVID duties, rotating residents' groups to reduce workload, using telemedicine for academics and patient consultations, and providing social support groups to surgeons.
Antimicrobial Stewardship in the ICU
Authors: Murphy Claire V. , Reed Erica E. , Herman Derrick D. , Magrum BrookeAnne , Beatty Julia J. , Stevenson Kurt B. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIncreasing rates of infection and multidrug-resistant pathogens, along with a high use of antimicrobial therapy, make the intensive care unit (ICU) an ideal setting for implementing and supporting antimicrobial stewardship efforts. Overuse of antimicrobial agents is common in the ICU, as practitioners are challenged daily with achieving early, appropriate empiric antimicrobial therapy to improve patient outcomes. While early antimicrobial stewardship programs focused on the financial implications of antimicrobial overuse, current goals of stewardship programs align closely with those of critical care providers—to optimize patient outcomes, reduce development of resistance, and minimize adverse outcomes associated with antibiotic overuse and misuse such as acute kidney injury and Clostridioides difficile-associated disease. Significant opportunities exist in the ICU for critical care clinicians to support stewardship practices at the bedside, including thoughtful and restrained initiation of antimicrobial therapy, use of biomarkers in addition to rapid diagnostics, Staphylococcus aureus screening, and traditional microbiologic culture and susceptibilities to guide antibiotic de-escalation, and use of the shortest duration of therapy that is clinically appropriate. Integration of critical care practitioners into the initiatives of antimicrobial stewardship programs is key to their success. This review summarizes key components of antimicrobial stewardship programs and mechanisms for critical care practitioners to share the responsibility for antimicrobial stewardship.
Modern Radiation Oncology: From IMRT to Particle Therapy—Present Status and the Days to Come
Authors: Laskar Sarbani Ghosh , Kakoti Sangeeta 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThere has been tremendous technological development in the field of radiation oncology, mainly during the last few decades. Parallel advancements in imaging and accelerator technologies have contributed significantly to the same. Present-day radiation therapy is aimed at precision, in terms of physical accuracy of both its planning and delivery. This has been made possible by improvements in defining the target (use of various radiological and functional imaging modalities), advanced radiotherapy planning methods (intensity-modulated radiation therapy and recent emergence of particle therapy), and robust verification techniques (image-guided radiation therapy). These developments have enabled delivery of adequate tumoricidal doses conforming to the target, thereby improving disease control with reduced normal tissue toxicity in a wide range of malignancies. Elucidation of molecular pathways determining radioresistance or systemic effects of radiotherapy and strategies for therapeutic manipulation of the same are also being explored. Overall, we look forward to ensuring basic radiotherapy access to all patients, and precision radiation therapy to appropriate candidates (triaged by disease anatomy or biology and associated cost-effectiveness).
Implant-Supported Fixed Prosthesis in Aesthetic Zone: A Case Report
Authors: Verma Shagufta , Kalra Tarun , Kumar Manjit , Bansal Ajay 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe aim of this article is to present the clinical application of implant placement in the aesthetic zone using bone graft and leukocyte-platelet-rich fibrin to obtain desirable results. A 27-year-old male patient reported with a chief complaint of missing tooth in the anterior region due to trauma and wants to replace it with a fixed prosthesis. The patient had been undergoing orthodontic treatment for the last 3 years. After proper treatment planning, endo-osseous implant followed by alloplastic bone graft was placed and platelet-rich fibrin membrane was placed on the labial bony surface as the labial plate was thin. After 6 months, the prosthetic procedure was done.
Osteomielite fúngica do quadril associado a artrite séptica: Relato de caso
Authors: Gonçalves João Rodolfo Radtke , Tres Karine Emanuele , Narciso Laura Serraglio , Corrêa Ricardo , Perez Rodrigo Duarte 
Published: February 2022

ResumoOsteomielites fúngicas, principalmente associadas à artrite séptica, são incomuns no Brasil, e por isso às vezes de difícil diagnóstico e tratamento. Relatamos um caso de uma paciente jovem, sem fator de risco imunossupressor, com o desenvolvimento de uma osteomielite e evolução para artrite séptica do quadril. O diagnóstico foi realizado após a sua drenagem cirúrgica e visualização do Cryptococcus Neoformans à anatomia patológica. Foi instaurado o tratamento antifúngico, com remissão total dos sintomas. Como não há consenso em relação ao tratamento de osteomielites fúngicas, descrevemos este relato de caso para atentar ortopedistas sobre a importância do diagnóstico diferencial nas artrites de quadril e a boa evolução do tratamento clínico após a drenagem e isolamento do patógeno.
Liberação endoscópica do túnel cubital na neurite hansênica do nervo ulnar
Authors: Leite José Alberto Dias , Sampaio Antônio Carlos Delgado , Leite Claudio Manoel Gonçalves da Silva , Leite Janaina Gonçalves da Silva , Sampaio Marina Vasconcelos , Lima Diego Ariel de 
Published: February 2022

Resumo
Objetivos Os objetivos deste estudo foram caracterizar melhor o papel da liberação endoscópica do túnel cubital na neurite hansênica e determinar se há melhora da dor, sensibilidade e força com esta técnica minimamente invasiva.
Métodos Um total de 44 procedimentos endoscópicos para descompressão do nervo ulnar no cotovelo foram realizados em pacientes previamente diagnosticados com neurite por hanseníase. Os critérios de inclusão foram indicação cirúrgica para liberação do nervo ulnar e insucesso do tratamento clínico por 4 semanas em pacientes com síndrome do túnel cubital que sofreram deterioração progressiva da função motora ou sensitiva do nervo ulnar apesar do tratamento de 1 mg/kg/dia de prednisona e fisioterapia. A liberação endoscópica foi realizada com CTS Relief Kit (Linvatec. Largo, FL, EUA) e um artroscópio padrão de 4 mm e 30°.
Resultados O estudo incluiu 39 pacientes, sendo 29 (74,4%) homens e 10 (25,6%) mulheres. A idade dos pacientes variou de 12 a 64 anos (33 ± 14,97). Cinco pacientes foram submetidos à liberação bilateral. A liberação provocou melhora estatisticamente significativa de dor (p = 0,002), sensibilidade (p <0,001) e força (p <0,001). Os melhores resultados foram obtidos quando a liberação ulnar foi realizada em menos de 6 meses após a indicação da cirurgia. Nenhum procedimento foi convertido de endoscópico para aberto. Não foram relatadas complicações maiores (infecção, lesão vascular e lesão nervosa). Um paciente apresentou subluxação do nervo ulnar.
Conclusão A liberação endoscópica do nervo ulnar no cotovelo na neurite hansênica traz benefícios verdadeiros e seguros para o paciente, como melhora da dor, sensibilidade e força.
Cross-Sectional Study of HPV Self-Sampling among Indian Women—A Way Forward
Authors: Anand Kavita V. , Mishra Gauravi A. , Pimple Sharmila A. , Biswas Sanjay K. , Kulkarni Vasundhara Y. , Salunke Gaurav 
Published: February 2022

AbstractMolecular human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA is a recommended test for any country planning cervical cancer screening as a national policy. The emerging literature proposes HPV self-sampling (HPV-SS) as a feasible implementing strategy in low-income settings. The success of this strategy would depend on developing impactful health education materials, understanding modalities toward generating awareness, and precision in performing the screening test among beneficiaries. The current paper is an interim analysis of ongoing research undertaken to understand the acceptability of HPV-SS among Indian women across different community settings. The study design has two modalities for generating awareness: (1) health education arm wherein the awareness and steps of collecting self-sample are explained by health personnel, and (2) the pamphlet arm wherein pictorial illustrations depicting the steps to conduct HPV-SS are distributed among women. The quality of samples is compared with primary health worker samples (PHW-S). Initial results of this study support the acceptance of HPV-SS (97%) among urban slum settings. An agreement between HPV-SS and PHW-S was demonstrated to be 95.1%. The results of the pamphlet arm were comparable to the health education arm in every aspect. The art-based strategy seems like a promising communication modality for generating awareness toward cervical cancer screening using HPV-SS in low-resource settings.
Delegation, Compliance, and Judicial Decision Making in the Court of Justice of the European Union
Authors: Cheruvu Sivaram , Krehbiel Jay N. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractCourts regularly delegate tasks to individual or small subsets of judges. While a substantial literature addresses delegation in the context of American courts, less is known about why and how courts delegate from a comparative perspective. With many of the world’s high courts using panel systems (also known as “chambers”) by which the court delegates cases to subsets of judges, this limitation of the extant literature leaves a number of empirical and theoretical questions unanswered. We argue that the threat of noncompliance presents one factor influencing a court’s delegation of cases to panels. From our expectation that a court will not delegate cases with a greater risk for noncompliance to panels, we then derive empirical implications for case disposition and a court’s willingness to rule contrary to the legal merits in a case. We analyze panel usage at the Court of Justice of the European Union to support our account.
Interface imperfection effects on spin transfer torque switching: an atomistic approach
Authors: Ramesh Akhil K , Cheng Chih-Wei , Ku Ting-Chia , Rana Vaibhav , Gangwar Pratisha , Singh Pushparaj , Tseng Yuan-Chieh 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The further commercialization of spintronic memory devices depends on the development of methods by which to assess performance. This paper presents an approach to the atomistic investigation of switching performance in spin transfer torque magneto-resistive random access memory (MRAM) devices with the use of interface imperfection model. Switching simulation in the nanosecond regime was made possible under this model, and we first time demonstrate that switching time is inversely proportional to interface imperfection (i.e. roughness). In investigating the damping of CoFeB/MgO films, we analyzed the effective damping constant α
eff, which cannot be accurately predicted for ferromagnetic layers of less than 2 nm using existing micromagnetic models. The proposed model includes a roughness parameter, which has nearly no effect on the effective damping constant in films of >2 nm, but a profound effect in films of <2 nm, reaching a 27% decrease in a 1.0 nm CoFeB film. Our finding is supported by the experimental data of classic references. We expect that these results will prove valuable in magnetic simulation and research on MRAM with ultrathin films.
Enhancement and tuning of the defect-induced electroluminescence of ZnO mesoporous layers in the visible range
Authors: Roland Iännis , Schanne Domitille , Bogicevic Alexandra , Degiron Aloyse 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
We show a way to pattern the visible electroluminescence of solution-processed mesoporous ZnO layers. Our approach consists in locally changing the nanoscale morphology of the coated ZnO layers by patterning the underlying surface with thin metallic patches. Above the metal, the ZnO film is organized in clusters that enhance its defect-induced electroluminescence. The resulting emission occurs over a large continuum of wavelengths in the visible and near-infrared range. This broad emission continuum is filtered by thin film interferences that develop within the device, making it possible to fabricate LEDs with different colours by adjusting the thickness of their transparent electrode. When the metallic patterns used to change the morphology of the ZnO layer reach sub-micron dimensions, additional plasmonic effects arise, providing extra degrees of freedom to tune the colour and polarization of the emitted photons.
Reducing 4DCBCT imaging dose and time: exploring the limits of adaptive acquisition and motion compensated reconstruction
Authors: Lau Benjamin K F , Reynolds Tess , Keall Paul J , Sonke Jan-Jakob , Vinod Shalini K , Dillon Owen , O’Brien Ricky T 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This study investigates the dose and time limits of adaptive 4DCBCT acquisitions (adaptive-acquisition) compared with current conventional 4DCBCT acquisition (conventional-acquisition). We investigate adaptive-acquisitions as low as 60 projections (∼25 s scan, 6 projections per respiratory phase) in conjunction with emerging image reconstruction methods. 4DCBCT images from 20 patients recruited into the adaptive CT acquisition for personalized thoracic imaging clinical study (NCT04070586) were resampled to simulate faster and lower imaging dose acquisitions. All acquisitions were reconstructed using Feldkamp–Davis–Kress (FDK), McKinnon–Bates (MKB), motion compensated FDK (MCFDK), motion compensated MKB (MCMKB) and simultaneous motion estimation and image reconstruction (SMEIR) algorithms. All reconstructions were compared against conventional-acquisition 4DFDK-reconstruction using Structural SIMilarity Index (SSIM), signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), contrast-to-noise-ratio (CNR), tissue interface sharpness diaphragm (TIS-D), tissue interface sharpness tumor (TIS-T) and center of mass trajectory (COMT) for difference in diaphragm and tumor motion. All reconstruction methods using 110-projection adaptive-acquisition (11 projections per respiratory phase) had a SSIM of greater than 0.92 relative to conventional-acquisition 4DFDK-reconstruction. Relative to conventional-acquisition 4DFDK-reconstruction, 110-projection adaptive-acquisition MCFDK-reconstructions images had 60% higher SNR, 10% higher CNR, 30% higher TIS-T and 45% higher TIS-D on average. The 110-projection adaptive-acquisition SMEIR-reconstruction images had 123% higher SNR, 90% higher CNR, 96% higher TIS-T and 60% higher TIS-D on average. The difference in diaphragm and tumor motion compared to conventional-acquisition 4DFDK-reconstruction was within submillimeter accuracy for all acquisition reconstruction methods. Adaptive-acquisitions resulted in faster scans with lower imaging dose and equivalent or improved image quality compared to conventional-acquisition. Adaptive-acquisition with motion compensated-reconstruction enabled scans with as low as 110 projections to deliver acceptable image quality. This translates into 92% lower imaging dose and 80% less scan time than conventional-acquisition.
Fast robust optimization of proton PBS arc therapy plans using early energy layer selection and spot assignment
Authors: Engwall Erik , Battinelli Cecilia , Wase Viktor , Marthin Otte , Glimelius Lars , Bokrantz Rasmus , Andersson Björn , Fredriksson Albin 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Objective. Proton pencil-beam scanning arcs (PBS arcs) have gained much attention during the past years, due to its potential for increased clinical benefit compared to conventional proton therapy. Previous studies on PBS arcs have primarily been focused on plan quality, and lately efforts have been made to reduce the delivery time. However, the methods presented so far suffer from slow optimization processes. Approach. We present a new method for fast robust optimization of PBS arc plans. The new method assigns a single energy layer per discretized direction prior to spot weight optimization and reduces the number of initial spots considerably compared to conventional methods. We used the new method for three prostate cancer patients with a prescribed dose to the CTV of 77 GyRBE in 35 fractions. For each of the patients, four plans were created: 2-beam IMPT (2IMPT), 1-beam PBS arc (1Arc), 1-beam PBS arc without focus on reducing upward energy jumps (1Arc_unseq) and two-beam PBS arc (2Arc). Main results. All PBS arc plans show a reduced integral dose compared to their respective 2IMPT plans. In the nominal case, the average CTV D98 and D2 metrics over the three patients were best for the 2Arc, followed by 2IMPT (

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7523/7986 cGyRBE (2IMPT), 7478/7984 cGy (1Arc), 7486/7951 cGy (1Arc_unseq), 7531/7951 cGyRBE (2Arc)). The average robust target coverage in terms of V95 of the voxelwise minimum dose distribution (evaluated over 42 scenarios) was: 98.0% (2IMPT), 88.6% (1Arc), 92.5% (1Arc_unseq), 97.3% (2Arc). The optimization time, including spot selection and spot dose computation, is longest for the 2Arc plan, but is below 6 min for all patients. The maximum estimated delivery time for all types of arc plans is just above 5 min Significance. The ability for efficient treatment planning constitutes an important step towards clinical introduction of proton PBS arcs.