bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
WMO Global Annual to Decadal Climate Update: A Prediction for 2021–25
Authors: Hermanson Leon , Smith Doug , Seabrook Melissa , Bilbao Roberto , Doblas-Reyes Francisco , Tourigny Etienne , Lapin Vladimir , Kharin Viatcheslav V. , Merryfield William J. , Sospedra-Alfonso Reinel , Athanasiadis Panos , Nicoli Dario , Gualdi Silvio , Dunstone Nick , Eade Rosie , Scaife Adam , Collier Mark , O’Kane Terence , Kitsios Vassili , Sandery Paul , Pankatz Klaus , Früh Barbara , Pohlmann Holger , Müller Wolfgang , Kataoka Takahito , Tatebe Hiroaki , Ishii Masayoshi , Imada Yukiko , Kruschke Tim , Koenigk Torben , Karami Mehdi Pasha , Yang Shuting , Tian Tian , Zhang Liping , Delworth Tom , Yang Xiaosong , Zeng Fanrong , Wang Yiguo , Counillon François , Keenlyside Noel , Bethke Ingo , Lean Judith , Luterbacher Jürg , Kolli Rupa Kumar , Kumar Arun 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
As climate change accelerates, societies and climate-sensitive socioeconomic sectors cannot continue to rely on the past as a guide to possible future climate hazards. Operational decadal predictions offer the potential to inform current adaptation and increase resilience by filling the important gap between seasonal forecasts and climate projections. The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) has recognized this and in 2017 established the WMO Lead Centre for Annual to Decadal Climate Predictions (shortened to “Lead Centre” below), which annually provides a large multimodel ensemble of predictions covering the next 5 years. This international collaboration produces a prediction that is more skillful and useful than any single center can achieve. One of the main outputs of the Lead Centre is the Global Annual to Decadal Climate Update (GADCU), a consensus forecast based on these predictions. This update includes maps showing key variables, discussion on forecast skill, and predictions of climate indices such as the global mean near-surface temperature and Atlantic multidecadal variability. it also estimates the probability of the global mean temperature exceeding 1.5°C above preindustrial levels for at least 1 year in the next 5 years, which helps policy-makers understand how closely the world is approaching this goal of the Paris Agreement. This paper, written by the authors of the GADCU, introduces the GADCU, presents its key outputs, and briefly discusses its role in providing vital climate information for society now and in the future.
Influence of the Workload and Years of Experience of Nurses on Hemodialysis Quality Using Korean National Hemodialysis Adequacy Evaluation Data
Authors: Kim Yunmi , Lee Kyounga 
Published: April 2022

The aim of this study is to examine the influence of nurses’ workload and years of experience on the rate of patients with normal calcium–phosphorus products levels and the adequacy evaluation grade of hemodialysis (HD) facilities using 2015 and 2018 national HD adequacy evaluation data. The data of 616 hospital-level outpatient HD facilities were analyzed using multiple linear regression and ordinal logistic regression. A higher rate of nurses with ≥2 years of HD experience was correlated with a higher rate of patients with normal calcium–phosphorus levels. As the average daily number of HD cases per nurse increased, the probability of HD facilities’ receiving the higher adequacy evaluation grade decreased by 83% (odds ratio (OR)=.17, 95% confidence interval (CI)=.14–.22), whereas it increased by 4% as the rate of nurses with ≥2 years of HD experience increased by 1%p (OR=1.04, 95% CI=1.03–1.05). Reducing the nursing workload by maintaining sufficient nurses and increasing the rate of nurses with ≥2 years of HD experience would improve the quality of HD and patient outcomes.
“I was Born to do This”: Faculty Experiences Teaching Graduate-Level Diversity Courses
Authors: Morgan Melissa L. , Marin Patricia 
Published: April 2022

Background Little research has focused on teaching graduate-level diversity courses, particularly from the faculty standpoint. Such pedagogy calls for unique skills and contains many challenges. Objective The purpose of the study was to better understand what works and what is needed to support instructors of graduate-level diversity courses, as well as common challenges that these instructors face. Method Using Charmaz’ Constructivist Grounded Theory approach, data from 20 qualitative interviews were analyzed for emergent themes. Results Four over-arching themes emerged: (a) Challenges in Teaching the Course, (b) Impact on the Instructor, (c) Coping with Course Challenges, and (d) Feelings about Teaching Multicultural Courses. Conclusion Findings suggest the unique nature of graduate-level diversity courses, and the need for resources and support for instructors of such courses. Teaching Implications Teaching diversity courses can take a personal and professional toll on the instructor. University systems should be aware of this and support structures and resources for such teaching.
“I Have Removed My Ceiling”: Qualitative Experiences of Teachers on Their Professional Development
Authors: Garces-Bacsal Rhoda Myra , Elhoweris Hala , Mohamed Ahmed , Almuhairy Osha , Safi Mohammad , Moustafa Ashraf , Alzyoudi Mohammed 
Published: April 2022

Gifted education in the United Arab Emirates is a nascent field that is coming into greater visibility with corresponding governmental and institutional support over the past 15 years. Massive efforts are now being strategically put in place, which includes actively training teachers to meet the government’s aim to prioritize giftedness and innovation at all levels and sectors, so that classroom pedagogies align with said initiatives to support gifted students. However, there is limited information about how teachers perceive the efficacy of the training they have received. This research aims to highlight the voices of teachers who received professional development on teaching the gifted over a 2-year period. Research findings revealed how teachers conceptualized “innovation” in their own teaching practice with the gifted, the participants’ perceptions on program impact, and the challenges faced in implementing what they have learned in their professional development.
Management of a severe abdominal compartment complicating fulminant cardiogenic-septic shock: An abdominal arterio-venous single-tube ECMO bypass saved a young patient’s life after OHCA
Authors: Kreutz Julian , Mardini Amar , Schäfer Ann-Christin , Schieffer Bernhard , Markus Birgit 
Published: April 2022

Introduction In severe cardiogenic shock, for example, following cardiac arrest, the implantation of an extracorporeal hemodynamic assist device often seems to be the last option to save a patient’s life. However, even though our guidelines provide a class-IIa-recommendation to implant a veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (vaECMO) device in these patients, the accompanying disease- and device-associated complications and their consequences remain challenging to handle. Case presentation A 43-year-old patient presented with severe cardiogenic-septic shock with a complicating abdominal compartment due to a prolonged out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). A loss of function of the vaECMO, implanted immediately after admission, impended due to increasing intra-abdominal pressure. This dangerous situation was resolved by crafting an experimental “arterio-venous shunt,” using the side port of the reinfusion (arterial) vaECMO cannula and a downstream large-volume central access in the right femoral vein toward the abdominal venous system, which led to the patient’s full recovery. Conclusion In patients with cardiogenic shock, the use of catecholamines and implantation of extracorporeal assist devices alone do not ensure successful therapy. To optimize the outcome, device- and disease-associated complications must also be managed in a timely and minimally invasive procedure.
Effect of neuromuscular electrical stimulation on exercise capacity in patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A randomised controlled trial
Authors: Péran Loic , Beaumont Marc , Le Ber Catherine , Le Mevel Patricia , Berriet Anne Cécile , Nowak Emmanuel , Consigny Maëlys , Couturaud Francis 
Published: April 2022

Objective To compare strengthening by neuromuscular electrical stimulation versus cycle ergometer training during a pulmonary rehabilitation program, in patients with severe to very severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Design A prospective randomized controlled study. Setting Two inpatient pulmonary rehabilitation centers. Subjects Patients with severe to very severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and multidimensional index to predict risk of death ≥5, were randomly assigned to receive neuromuscular electrical stimulation or cycle ergometer training during pulmonary rehabilitation. Main measures The primary endpoint was the change in exercise capacity using 1-min sit-to-stand test Secondary endpoints were the changes in exercise capacity using 6-min walk test, quadriceps strength, quality of life and dyspnea. Results 102 patients were included. After 3 weeks, 47 patients in the neuromuscular electrical stimulation group, and 45 in the cycle ergometer training group were able to be analyzed. No significant difference was seen in the evolution of exercise capacity using 1-min sit-to-stand test (3.3 ± 3.8 and 2.6 ± 4.1) and 6-min walk test (37.8 ± 58.4 and 33.1 ± 46.7), in the evolution of quadriceps strength and endurance (9.2 ± 12.9 and 6.6 ± 16.1; 9.0 ± 13.2 and 6.2 ± 17.0), in the evolution of quality of life (St George's Respiratory Questionnaire: −11.3 ± 11.7 and −8.1 ± 11.6; COPD Assessment Test: −5.7 ± 7.1 and −4.7 ± 7.0), or in the evolution of dyspnea using Dyspnea 12 (−5.5 ± 10.2 and −5.9 ± 8.5) except using modified medical research council scale (95% confidence interval: 0.48 [0.05; 0.91], p = 0.027). Conclusion We found no significant difference between the two programs on exercise capacity, quadriceps strength and quality of life.
Development of a text message-based headache diary in adolescents and children
Authors: Kellier Danielle J , Marquez de Prado Blanca , Haagen Dana , Grabner Philip , Raj Nichelle R , Lechtenberg Lara , Velasquez Gerardo , Hsu Jesse Y , Farrar John T , Hershey Andrew D , Szperka Christina L 
Published: April 2022

Background International guidelines recommend diaries in migraine trials for prospective collection of headache symptoms. Studies in other patient populations suggest higher adherence with electronic diaries instead of pen-and-paper. This study examines the feasibility of a text message-based (texting) diary for children and adolescents with headache. Methods This is a secondary analysis of data from a study validating a pediatric scale of treatment expectancy. We developed a Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act-compliant texting diary collecting headache characteristics, medication use, and disability with 3–5 core daily questions for 4 or 12 weeks depending on headache treatment. Adherence was incentivized. Results 93 participants consented to the expectancy study. Five participants opted for a paper diary for follow-up. 88 participants chose the texting diary with 28 4-week and 60 12-week participants. Five participants did not complete the enrollment visit. Of those remaining 83, 89% of 4-week and 93% of 12-week participants responded on at least 80% of days. On average, participants fully completed 88% (4-week cohort) and 90% (12-week) of diary entries. Conclusions Text messages are a promising method for collecting patient-reported data. Adherence was similar to that reported for paper diaries in other pediatric migraine trials, but time-stamped entries ensure real-time data collection.
Opioid Use After Simple Arthroscopic Knee Surgery
Authors: Scarcella Michael J. , Farrow Lutul D. , Jones Morgan H. , Rosneck James , Briskin Isaac , Spindler Kurt P. 
Published: April 2022

Background: Evidence-based prescribing guidelines are lacking for opioids after most orthopaedic surgical procedures. Hypothesis: Opioids are commonly overprescribed after simple knee arthroscopy. Study Design: Case-control study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: A cohort of 174 patients who underwent simple arthroscopic knee surgery were prospectively evaluated using data from the Outcome Management and Evaluation database. All patients received 10 combined hydrocodone 5 mg and acetaminophen 325 mg pills postoperatively. Patients were excluded if they (1) had revision surgery, (2) had concomitant complex surgery (eg, ligament surgery, osteotomy), (3) had current opioid use, (4) had open surgery for removal of hardware, (5) or had bilateral knee surgery. Total opioid consumption was reported at the first postoperative visit, and a distribution was created based on patient response. Based on the distribution, patients were separated into low (0-2 pills) versus high (3 or more pills) opioid consumption groups for evaluating risk factors for opioid use. The risk factors included were age, body mass index, smoking status, education level, baseline pain (Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score pain subscale [KOOS Pain]), and baseline mental health (Veterans RAND 12-Item Health Survey Mental Component Score), as well as intraoperative findings such as synovial characteristics and extent of osteoarthritis in the multivariate model. Results: Total opioid consumption ranged from 0 to 19 pills. The median pill count was 2 (25th; 75th interquartile range, 0; 4). Of total patients, 59% were categorized as having low opioid consumption, and the remaining 41% were in the high opioid consumption group. Only 23 patients (13.2%) took 6 or more pills. Preoperative pain as measured by KOOS Pain score was a significant predictor of high opioid consumption postoperatively (odds ratio, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.95-0.99; P = .003). Conclusion: The clinically relevant conclusion is that opioids are overprescribed after simple arthroscopic knee surgery. Based on distribution, the authors recommend that 4 pills be prescribed after simple arthroscopic knee surgery. After accounting for confounding variables, preoperative pain was associated with higher postoperative opioid consumption.
Research of permanent magnetic levitation system: Analysis, control strategy design, and experiment
Authors: Zhao Chuan , Sun Feng , Jin Junjie , Pei Wenzhe , Xu Fangchao , Oka Koichi , Zhang Ming 
Published: April 2022

Aiming to realize levitation for a novel permanent magnetic levitation system, this paper proposes a double control strategy. The coupled dynamic model with two subsystems was established at first. According to the analysis of stable levitation, four joint control strategies of air gap length and rotation angle were designed. Then, the controller parameters tuning was implemented utilizing the improved PSO (particle swarm optimization) algorithm with non-linear inertia weight. At last, step response simulations and experiments were carried out to compare the performance of the proposed four control strategies. Results demonstrate the validity of PSO using for tuning proportional-integral-derivative (PID) parameters. In addition, the parallel double PD controller and cascade double PD controller both have better dynamic performance but more significant steady-state error. When using PID control for the air gap, the error could be eliminated. Compared with the parallel PID-PD control strategy, the cascade control is competitive in terms of 0.03 s rising time, 4.3 s settling time, and 24% peak overshoot.
Zyne: Growth Pangs in a Commoditized Market
Authors: Gopal Vajjhala Venkata , Muralidharan Harisankar , Rao K S Venugopal , Ch Jyothi 
Published: April 2022

Marketing entails challenges. It is even more challenging in developing markets such as India. This case revolves around the challenges faced by a relatively new entrant in the Indian home furnishings market—Zyne. Launched in 2010 and managed by Raman, a third-generation entrepreneur, the case revolves around the opportunities and challenges faced by Zyne and the options it has for effectively positioning itself in the competitive home furnishing market. The company faces a host of challenges in its quest for expanding its market presence. The market for home furnishings is growing but is highly fragmented, with many small and fringe players in the fray. Zyne must ensure good product quality, competitive pricing, higher promotional expenditures and an effective channel strategy to succeed in such a market. It must also extend its channel reach to more prospective markets. As the market matures, new entrants will enter as the investments needed to enter this market are relatively low, and many companies depend on cheaper imports. The company is at a crossroads and plans to establish itself alongside more established rivals such as Bombay Dyeing. Given the backdrop, Raman, armed with an MBA degree, does not want to let go of the opportunity and wishes to assess three options: (i) enter into alliances with international brands and gain entry into more established retail channels, (ii) review and revamp its distribution network and (iii) enhance investments at point of viewing in retail outlets and train the sales personnel in stores to push the Zyne brand.
Avoiding Fifth Metatarsal Intramedullary Screw Head Cuboid Impingement: A Weightbearing Computed Tomography Anatomic Study
Authors: Garcia-Lopez Edgar , Marcaccio Stephen , Beals Timothy C. , Hsu Raymond Y. 
Published: April 2022

Background: Multiple case reports of fifth metatarsal (MT) intramedullary fixation highlight symptomatic hardware with screw head impingement on the cuboid. We developed a fifth MT intramedullary screw trajectory model using weightbearing computed tomography data. The goal was to assess for cuboid impingement with simulated intramedullary screw position, Methods: For 20 weightbearing foot computed tomographs (CTs), an automated tool was used to simulate fifth MT screw fixation in the ideal trajectory down the shaft and with a 7-mm screw head. (1) The closest distance from the simulated ideal trajectory to the cuboid in 3 dimensions was measured. A measurement less than 3.5 mm (the radius of the screw head) indicated screw head impingement on the cuboid if not countersunk into the metatarsal. (2) In 3 dimensions, a simulated screw head was then advanced from the proximal tip of the metatarsal distally into the metatarsal until it was entirely avoiding the cuboid. Results: In this model, 95% (19/20) of the patients would have cuboid impingement if the screw was not countersunk. The average ideal pin start distance was 0.15 mm (SD 2.4 mm) inside the cuboid. In this cohort, the screw head would have to be countersunk an average of 8.1 mm (SD 2.7 mm) relative to the proximal tip of the metatarsal to avoid cuboid impingement. For all cases, the simulated fluoroscopic oblique view was a reliable indicator of cuboid impingement, demonstrating visible overlapping of the screw with the cuboid. The overlap resolved on the oblique foot view once the screw was sufficiently countersunk, confirmed on 3-dimensional imaging. Conclusion: The ideal guidewire placement for fifth MT intramedullary fixation is directly against the cuboid. Approximately 95% of patients would have cuboid impingement if the screw is not countersunk. The oblique fluoroscopic view of the foot is a reliable assessment of screw head impingement on the cuboid. Level of Evidence: Level III, retrospective study.
A systematic review on physical function, activities of daily living and health-related quality of life in COVID-19 survivors
Authors: de Oliveira Almeida Katna , Nogueira Alves Iura Gonzalez , de Queiroz Rodrigo Santos , de Castro Marcela Rodrigues , Gomes Vinicius Afonso , Santos Fontoura Fabiane Costa , Brites Carlos , Neto Mansueto Gomes 
Published: April 2022

Objective To analyze the published studies that investigated the physical function, activities of daily living and health-related quality of life in COVID-19 survivors. Design Systematic review. Methods We searched MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, SciELO, and Cochrane Library for studies that evaluated the physical function, activities of daily living and health-related quality of life after COVID-19 from the earliest date available to July 2021. Two independent reviewers screened and selected the studies. The Newcastle Ottawa Scale was used to evaluate methodological quality. Results We included 35 studies in this systematic review. Of the 35 studies included, 28 were cohort, and 7 cross-sectional studies The studies demonstrated that COVID-19 survivors had reduced levels of physical function, activities of daily living, and health-related quality of life. Furthermore, incomplete recovery of physical function, and performance in activities of daily living were observed 1 to 6 months post-infection. Discussion Physical disability and reduction in health-related quality of life is a common condition in post-COVID-19 and impairments may persist up to 1 to 6 months. Researchers and clinicians can use these findings to understand the potential disabilities and rehabilitation needs of people recovering from the COVID-19.
Association of statin pre-treatment with baseline stroke severity and outcome in patients with acute ischemic stroke and received reperfusion treatment: An observational study
Authors: Escudero-Martínez Irene , Matusevicius Marius , Pavia-Nunes Ana , Sevcik Petr , Nevsimalova Miroslava , Rand Viiu-Marika , Kõrv Janika , Cappellari Manuel , Mikulik Robert , Toni Danilo , Ahmed Niaz 
Published: April 2022

Background: Statins have an important role in stroke prevention, especially in high-risk populations and may also affect the initial stroke severity and outcomes in patients taking them before an ischemic stroke. Aims: Our aim was to evaluate the association of statin pre-treatment with the severity in acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Methods: We analyzed AIS patients received intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) and/or endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) and recorded in the SITS International Thrombolysis and Thrombectomy Registry from 2011 to 2017. We identified patients with statin information at baseline. The primary outcome was baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score. Secondary outcomes were NIHSS score at 24 h, symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (SICH) and functional outcome at 90 days after acute intervention. Multivariable linear and logistic regression and propensity score matching (PSM) was used to quantify the effect of statin pre-treatment. Results: Of 93,849 patients, 23,651 (25.2%) were treated with statins prior the AIS. Statin pre-treatment group was older and had higher comorbidity. Median NIHSS at baseline was similar between groups. In the adjusted and PSM analysis, statin pre-treatment was inversely associated with baseline NIHSS (odds ratio (OR) = 0.77, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.6–0.99 and OR for PSM 0.73, 95% CI = 0.54–0.99, p = 0.004) and independently associated with mild stroke defined as NIHSS ⩽8 in adjusted and PSM analysis (OR = 1.21, 95% CI = 1.1–1.34, p < 0.001 and OR for PSM 1.17, 95% CI = 1.05–1.31, p = 0.007). Regarding secondary outcomes, there were no differences in functional outcomes, death nor SICH rates between groups. Conclusion: Prior treatment with statins was associated with lower NIHSS at baseline. However, this association did not translate into any difference regarding functional outcome at 90 days. No association was found regarding SICH. These findings indicate the need of further studies to assess the effect on statin pre-treatment on initial stroke severity.