bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of COVID‐19 on adolescent wellness in Chicago
Authors: Ezeoke Ogochukwu M. , Kanaley Madeleine K. , Brown Dannielle A. , Negris Olivia R. , Das Rajeshree , Lombard Lisa S. , Gupta Ruchi S. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPurposeThis study aimed to understand the impact of the initial COVID‐19 pandemic remote schooling period on self‐reported wellness among adolescents in Chicago.MethodsStudents (n = 55) completed a 22‐item wellness questionnaire before (February 2020) and shortly after the onset of the COVID‐19 outbreak (April 2020). Precomparisons/postcomparisons (overall and by survey item) were evaluated using two‐sided paired t‐tests with an alpha level of 0.05. Descriptive statistics were used to evaluate mean scores overall by demographic variables.ResultsSignificant differences were found in the following areas: Balance (Pre: 7.3, During: 6.4, p = 0.02), Education (Pre: 8.4, During 7.7, p = 0.03) and Friends (Pre:8.0, During: 6.3, p = 0.001). Overall wellness scores varied by demographic variables, though not significantly.ConclusionsResults suggest the onset of the pandemic impacted students' ability to effectively learn, as well as to maintain balance in their lives and social relationships. Comprehensive support is needed in these areas to promote adolescent wellness.
Obesity aggravates contact hypersensitivity reaction in mice
Authors: Majewska‐Szczepanik Monika , Kowalczyk Paulina , Marcińska Katarzyna , Strzępa Anna , Lis Grzegorz J. , Wong F. Susan , Szczepanik Marian , Wen Li 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundObesity is associated with chronic, low‐grade inflammation in tissues and predisposes to various complications, including inflammatory skin diseases. However, the link between obesity and contact hypersensitivity (CHS) is not fully understood.ObjectivesWe sought to determine the influence of obesity on T helper 1 (Th1)–mediated CHS.MethodsThe activity/phenotype/cytokine profile of the immune cells was tested in vivo and in vitro. Using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), we tested the role of a high‐fat diet (HFD)–induced gut microbiota (GM) dysbiosis in increasing the effects of CHS.ResultsExacerbated CHS correlates with an increased inflammation‐inducing GM in obese mice. We showed a proinflammatory milieu in the subcutaneous adipose tissue of obese mice, accompanied by proinflammatory CD4+ T cells and dendritic cells in skin draining lymph nodes and spleen. Obese interleukin (IL)‐17A−/−B6 mice are protected from CHS aggravation, suggesting the importance of IL‐17A in CHS aggravation in obesity.ConclusionsObesity creates a milieu that induces more potent CHS‐effector cells but does not have effects on already activated CHS‐effector cells. IL‐17A is essential for the pathogenesis of enhanced CHS during obesity. Our study provides novel knowledge about antigen‐specific responses in obesity, which may help with the improvement of existing treatment and/or in designing novel treatment for obesity‐associated skin disorders.
Differences in the temporal scale of reproductive investment across the slow‐fast continuum in a passerine
Authors: Patrick Samantha C. , Réale Denis , Potts Jonathan R. , Wilson Alastair J. , Doutrelant Claire , Teplitsky Céline , Charmantier Anne 
Published: March 2022

AbstractLife‐history strategies differ with respect to investment in current versus ‘future’ reproduction, but when is this future? Under the novel ‘temporality in reproductive investment hypothesis’, we postulate variation should exist in the time frame over which reproductive costs are paid. Slow‐paced individuals should pay reproductive costs over short (e.g. inter‐annual) time scales to prevent reproductive costs accumulating, whereas fast‐paced individuals should allow costs to accumulate (i.e. senescence). Using Fourier transforms, we quantify adjustments in clutch size with age, across four populations of blue tits (Cyanistes caeruleus). Fast populations had more prevalent and stronger long‐term changes in reproductive investment, whereas slower populations had more prevalent short‐term adjustments. Inter‐annual environmental variation partly accounted for short‐, but not long‐term changes in reproductive investment. Our study reveals individuals differ in when they pay the cost of reproduction and that failure to partition this variation across different temporal scales and environments could underestimate reproductive trade‐offs.
The formation of consumers' warmth and competence impressions of corporate brands: The role of corporate associations
Authors: Gidaković Petar , Zabkar Vesna 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDespite a growing body of evidence showing how consumers' impressions of corporate brands' warmth and competence lead to managerially relevant outcomes, the cognitive processes by which consumers form such impressions remain poorly understood. This study draws on theories from the cognitive and social psychology fields to develop a conceptual model that explains the formation of differentiated (i.e., nonstereotypical) warmth and competence impressions based on specific dimensions of corporate associations. These impressions transform consumers' information about a company into trust. The conceptual model was tested in a randomized between‐subjects experiment that manipulated the different dimensions of corporate associations and established the causal and mediating relationships (Study 1). To increase the external validity of Study 2, the participants rated real companies using a survey. The implications of the findings for consumer impression formation theory are discussed, and managerial recommendations for both influencing warmth and competence impressions and fostering consumer trust are provided.
Trajectory clustering and query processing analysis framework for knowledge discovery in cloud environment
Authors: Shabu Selvin Shabu Lilly Pushpam Jany , Yadav Kusum , Kariri Elham , Gola Kamal Kumar , AnulHaq Mohd , Kumar Anil 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn a cloud environment, resources should be acquired quickly and automatically released at runtime. Traditional trajectory data partitions, indexing and query processing techniques are extended, so that they can take advantage of the cloud of large clusters of highly parallel processing capabilities. There are ways with trajectory data in the cloud database query processing. The advanced sensing techniques available today caused the existence of many types of trajectory datasets whose study can form a strong basis for decision making regarding a data context. Trajectory data generally includes trajectory classification, trajectory clustering, and trajectory associations and so on. All these tools need trajectory similarity measures to get comparisons in trajectory data. Some of the popular existing methods of trajectory similarity include Euclidean distance, semantic distance and there near variants. Each variant of these techniques exhibits notable differences in measurement of similarity and computational difficulty. This paper targeted to deal with this situation with the goal of lower computational efforts in trajectory similarity computations. A two‐phase trajectory similarity measure is defined. The first phase does point level analysis of trajectory points representing all trajectories and the following phase use the analysis to find the similarities. Using a hybrid similarity framework, new means for trajectory clustering and trajectory query processing are developed. From trajectory analysis followed by trajectory clustering, evaluation of cluster quality and processing of trajectory query are undertaken in this paper in different ways from the existing methods. All the proposed developments are tested with trajectory datasets with multiple attributes and the results are more favour to proposed framework than the existing ones.
Modeling Atlantic sea scallop (Placopecten magellanicus) scope for growth on the Northeast U.S. Shelf
Authors: Zang Zhengchen , Ji Rubao , Hart Deborah R. , Chen Changsheng , Zhao Liuzhi , Davis Cabell S. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAtlantic sea scallops support one of the most valuable fisheries in the eastern United States. The scallop population is susceptible to climate‐related environmental stress. Assessing and projecting climate impacts rely on the fundamental understanding of scallop ecophysiology, including the influences of temperature and food supply on its energy balance and growth potential. In this study, we developed a scope for growth (SFG) model driven by high‐resolution hydrodynamic and biological models to assess the spatial and seasonal variability of scallop energy dynamics. The overall SFG on the Northeast U.S. Shelf is higher in May–June and lower in January–February, with substantial spatial heterogeneity. In the Mid‐Atlantic Bight (MAB), negative SFG occurs from July to October due to strong thermal stress. Particulate organic matter in detrital form is an important food source for scallops, with higher/lower contribution in the cold/warm seasons, respectively. Warming and food deficiency induce a noticeable contraction of suitable scallop habitats in the MAB, while their impacts on Georges Bank are insignificant. Known seasonal spawning patterns and observed growth rates in these regions match the patterns of SFG generated by the model. The sensitivity of SFG to the variations in food and temperature increases with scallop size. Large scallops are more likely to experience low or negative SFGs than smaller ones, implying that the habitats shrink as scallops grow older/bigger. This study provides key information about scallop growth potential and biogeography from the perspective of energy balance, thus helping the development of adaptive fisheries management strategies.
Dissolved nitrogen form mediates phycocyanin content in cyanobacteria
Authors: Gladfelter Matthew F. , Buley Riley P. , Belfiore Angelea P. , Fernandez‐Figueroa Edna G. , Gerovac Bridget L. , Baker Nicole D. , Wilson Alan E. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Chemically reduced nitrogen forms are increasing in aquatic systems and beginning to reach concentrations not previously measured. Despite this, little research has examined the potential of reduced nitrogen forms to encourage excess nitrogen storage and promote algal bloom longevity compared to oxidised forms.

A 2‐week field, pulse‐application experiment was carried out using 1,100‐L plastic limnocorrals to examine cyanobacterial community response to three nitrogen forms, including nitrate, ammonium, and urea (added as 600 µg N/L). Cell pigments and counts were used to calculate cell‐specific pigment concentrations, and cell‐associated microcystin concentrations were also measured to examine toxin response to a shift in nitrogen source.

Results showed that, upon nitrogen introduction, extracellular nitrogen quickly decreased in accordance with an increase in cellular phycocyanin 72 hr after fertilisation. Ammonium and urea treatments had more phycocyanin/cell than nitrate or control treatments at 72 hr. After 72 hr, phycocyanin content quickly decreased, consistent with the use of nitrogen from phycobiliproteins. Despite the decrease in light‐harvesting pigments, the total number of cyanobacterial cells increased in the ammonium and urea treatments after 2 weeks. Cyanobacterial particulate toxin (microcystin) quotas were not affected by nitrogen additions.

Results show that reduced nitrogen forms encourage greater nitrogen storage as pigments and increase bloom longevity compared to oxidised forms.

Findings support previous studies that suggest reduced nitrogen forms encourage greater cell density and algal bloom persistence. Results further point to excess nitrogen storage as another mechanism that allows cyanobacteria to dominate freshwater systems despite variable environmental conditions.
Oral Health and Nutritional Intake in Community‐Dwelling 90‐Year‐Old Japanese People: A Cross‐Sectional Study
Authors: Karawekpanyawong Raksanan , Nohno Kaname , Kubota Yu , Ogawa Hiroshi 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIntroductionThis study aimed to determine the relationship between dentition, mastication, salivation and nutritional intake in 90‐year‐old Japanese people.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study included 84 participants (39 men and 45 women) aged 90 years. We used questionnaires to collect demographic information, smoking status, nutritional intake and higher‐level functional capacity. Nutritional intake was assessed using the validated Brief‐Type Self‐Administered Diet History Questionnaire, and higher‐level functional capacity was assessed using the Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Index of Competence (TMIG‐IC) questionnaire. Oral examinations, masticatory performance tests, stimulated salivary flow rate (SSF) tests, blood tests, blood pressure tests and body mass index (BMI) assessments were conducted. Univariable and multivariable linear regression analyses were performed.ResultsMultivariable linear regression analyses adjusted for sex, education, TMIG‐IC and BMI ≤20 kg/m2 showed that participants with masticatory performance <173 mg/dL had lower intake of folic acid and vitamin A than those with masticatory performance ≥173 mg/dL. SSF was positively associated with intake of vitamin A. The number of teeth was positively associated with the intake of β‐carotene. With smaller effect sizes, masticatory performance, SSF and number of teeth were also associated with the intake of various micronutrients and carbohydrates.ConclusionLower masticatory performance, lower SSF and fewer teeth were associated with a lower intake of several micronutrients, such as vitamin A, β‐carotene and folic acids, in Japanese individuals of advanced age. Oral health practitioners should pay careful attention to the nutritional intake of older people with poor mastication, dry mouth and severe tooth loss.
Effect of nitrogen topdressing on planting density response of grain yield in maize with different planting pattern cultivation
Authors: Liang Song , Yoshihira Taiki 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe investigated the maize grain yield in response to nitrogen topdressing at different planting densities and planting patterns (twin row, TR; narrow row, NR; and conventional row, CR) over 3 years using early‐maturing cultivars. The P8025 grain yield was higher with a nitrogen topdressing of 6 g/m2 (N6) than without a nitrogen topdressing (N0) at all planting densities in 2017, 2018, and 2019. The difference between the nitrogen topdressing treatments was largest at a planting density close to 10 plants per square meter, which resulted in the highest grain yield in the N0 plot. The rank order for the grain yields among planting patterns was TR ≥ NR > CR in the three analyzed years. Changes in grain yield associated with planting densities followed significant negative quadratic regression curves for all planting patterns. In both the N0 and N6 plots, the grain yield response to planting density was more stable for TR cultivation than for CR and NR cultivation. The rank order for the nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) among planting patterns was TR ≥ NR ≥ CR. The differences in the NUE among planting patterns were higher at higher planting densities. The high NUE observed for TR and NR cultivation was due to the high topdressed nitrogen absorption rate (Nab) at a planting density less than 8.9 plants per square meter as well as the efficiency of the grain yield increase resulting from absorbed nitrogen (Ngy) at a planting density greater than 10.3 plants per square meter. The higher NUE for TR cultivation than for NR cultivation at 12.1 plants per square meter was because of a difference in Ngy and was unrelated to Nab. These results suggest that the improvement of planting pattern (TR, NR) can enhance the effect of topdressed nitrogen on grain yield in maize due to the increase of Nab or Ngy according to the planting density.
BEYOND HISTORICISM AND UNIVERSALISM: EPIC, HISTORY, AND MEMORY
Authors: Tozzi Thompson Verónica 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACTIn The Concept of History, Dmitri Nikulin rehearses an alternative philosophy of history, thus accompanying a certain revival of interest in this discipline since the end of the twentieth century. Conceptualizing an alternative philosophy of history is of fundamental relevance in the context of the global problems that deepen every day in our contemporary world. Undoubtedly, philosophy must be attentive to the present demands and interests of representing the past, whether by the sectors of power or by various dissident collectives, for failing to reflexively address questions of substantive philosophy of history surely leaves room for the (unacknowledged) validity of the teleological‐universalist narrative. The historical trajectory delineated by the modern conception of history is centered on the uniqueness and unity of history and establishes a divide between historical and nonhistorical (or prehistoric) peoples. Nikulin, by contrast, seeks to produce a pluralistic conception of multiple histories, for which he elaborates a notion of “the historical” present in every time period and human culture (oral and written). A central distinction to be established from the beginning, according to Nikulin, is between “the historical” and “history.” The historical is nothing other than lists of names, things, actions, and facts to be preserved, and we can find these lists in any culture in any time and place. Such lists are governed by some organizing principle that determines what not to forget. Chapters 3 (“The Epic of History”), 4 (“The Homer Galaxy”), and 5 (“The Logos of History”) are, in my view, the most novel and stimulating parts of the book. There, “the historical” (those detailed and organized lists) comes with a narrative (fabula). The historical/fable dyad constitutes the structure of history, which is instantiated in multiple histories but which, in itself (as a structure), is not historical but invariant in each and every history. The seven chapters that make up The Concept of History run through various examples of reflections on and problems related to the subject in ancient history, a period in which Nikulin himself is a recognized specialist. The centrality of ancient Greek history in this study does not imply a commitment to the thesis that history emerged in Greek culture. According to Nikulin, where there are human beings, there is history.
HISTORY OF EMOTIONAL SUFFERING: FROM EMOTIONS TO NEEDS IN THE HISTORY OF EMOTIONS
Authors: RADENOVIC LJILJANA , AKKAD IL 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACTQuestions about the nature of emotions and the role of emotional expressions have been addressed frequently in the study of the history of emotions. However, the extent to which emotional suffering is present in the cultures and societies of the past is seldom queried. Our first goal is to identify criteria that historians of emotions can use to evaluate the emotional suffering of the people they study. We locate these criteria not in the theory of emotions, whether Norbert Elias's psychoanalytic theory or William M. Reddy's theory of emotives, but in the theory of basic, universal human needs proposed by Richard M. Ryan and Edward L. Deci. Although we agree with most contemporary historians of emotions that emotions themselves can be understood only within the context of a particular culture, we propose that additional inquiry into basic needs and their satisfaction could help historians of emotions cast more light on the inner lives of the members of the societies they investigate. Our second goal is to apply these insights to the case of acedia, a peculiar psychological state experienced by the Desert Fathers. We examine what acedia was for the Desert Fathers by analyzing Evagrius's writings. Our goal here is to capture what historians of emotions regularly do; that is, we aim to reconstruct how monks of the fourth century felt, expressed, and thought about emotions from within their own monastic culture. In addition, we analyze acedia from the perspective of the theory of needs. In this way, we hope to show how the theory of needs can help historians in their endeavors to understand the past.
Heat capacity of complex aluminoborosilicate glasses
Authors: George Jaime L. , Sugawara Toru , Ohira Toshiaki , Kruger Albert A. , Vienna John D. 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACTFor nuclear waste vitrification in the Tank Waste Treatment and Immobilization Plant (WTP) at the Hanford site, waste feed is charged into a continuously fed electric melter and the molten glass is poured into stainless steel containers to solidify. The heat from the molten glass must be removed from the facility within plant operating constraints, making knowledge of thermal properties of the waste glasses critical. The heat capacity of Hanford low‐activity waste glasses with systematic variations in composition were studied using complementary thermal analyses – power‐compensated differential scanning calorimetry (pcDSC) at 50–630°C, heat‐flux differential scanning calorimetry (hfDSC) at 200–800°C, and drop calorimetry at 600–1200°C. Variations of the heat capacity with composition have been observed around the transition temperature (Tg) and above, particularly when B2O3 and Al2O3 is varied. Above Tg, all glasses exhibit decreasing heat capacity with increasing temperature. A correlation was found between this curve and the fraction B[4]2O3 in glasses, suggesting boron coordination plays a role in this anomalous behavior. These measurements will be used as critical input to validate the heat balance calculations used for facility design and thus the overall operation of the WTP.
Social insurance reform and absenteeism in Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Kieu‐Dung , Tran Van‐AnhThi , Nguyen Duc‐Thanh 
Published: March 2022

There has been very little research into sickness absence in Vietnam. This article reveals how the labor market might adjust to more generous illness benefits offered by the Vietnam Social Insurance Law. In the study, we combined the difference‐in‐differences and matching techniques and used data from four waves of the Vietnam Labor Force Survey. The results indicate that the generosity of the benefits positively links to both the incidence and the duration of sick leave. The article also sheds light on the mechanism underlying the relationship by disaggregating the effects on gender, income, and job tenure groups. The results support current government efforts to enhance the public social insurance system.Key Practitioner Message:•Sickness insurance affects sick leave incidence and duration;•Low‐income workers and female workers are sensitive to sickness benefits reform;•There is a link between job tenure and sick leave.
Social assistance dynamics in Norway revisited: A two‐decade prospective study of trajectories of young social assistance recipients
Authors: Lorentzen Thomas , Dahl Espen 
Published: March 2022

This article revisits earlier research on social assistance (SA) dynamics by applying a holistic life‐course approach, made possible by sequence analysis. We followed the life‐course over 20 years of young recipients of SA in Norway. The data material was derived from administrative data collected and linked by Statistics Norway. The study population was first‐time SA recipients aged 18–24 years in 1995. In addition to SA, spells of social security, schooling, work and earnings were examined. We found that SA plays a minor role over time, but that social security receipt constitutes an important trajectory for more than a quarter of the SA population. Education and work with medium earnings make up distinctly different and rather successful trajectories for about half of the SA population. Gender and early school‐leaving matter for trajectory affiliation. Women’s trajectories are to a greater extent than men’s characterised by unstable employment and low‐paid work.