bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation on utility of some novel terpenes on transungual delivery of fluconazole for the management of onychomycosis
Authors: Adin Syeda Nashvia , Gupta Isha , Ali Asad , Aqil Mohd , Mujeeb Mohd , Sultana Yasmin 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundOnychomycosis, the most prevailing affliction of the nail, accounts for approximately 90% of the toenail infection worldwide. Owing to this infection, the affected patients experience reduced quality of their life as its awful appearance undermines their daily activities and social interactions. Onychomycosis is notoriously strenuous to cure. Systemic therapy, though effective, possess severe complication of toxicities, contra‐indication, and drug–drug interaction. Albeit topical therapy is favorable to its localized effect, its potency relates to the effective concentration of the antifungal drugs achieved at the infection site. An approach to accomplish this goal would be acquiring benefits from the terpenes as penetration enhancers from natural sources. This investigation aimed to study the effectiveness of six terpenes, namely safranal, lavandulol, rose oxide, 3‐methyl‐2‐butene‐1‐ol, linalool, and limonene, as potential penetration enhancers for improved nail permeation of fluconazole through the human nail.MethodsEx vivo permeation experiments were carried out by soaking the nail clippings of human volunteers in control and working solutions containing fluconazole (5 mg/ml) per se and fluconazole (5 mg/ml) with 6% of each terpene, including safranal, lavandulol, rose oxide, 3‐methyl‐2‐butene‐1‐ol, linalool, and limonene, respectively, for 48 h. The amount of fluconazole in nail clippings was quantified using an HPLC method.ResultsStatistical analysis showed that fluconazole transungual permeation was influenced by the studied terpenes in the following order: safranal >lavandulol acetate >limonene > rose oxide (p‐value >0.05) while the other terpenes showed no significant difference with the control group and safranal represents as the most effective permeation enhancer for the transungual delivery of fluconazole.ConclusionIt is concluded that the safranal can be successfully used as a safe and potential permeation enhancer to enhance the transungual delivery of fluconazole for the treatment of onychomycosis.
Cold application for pain and anxiety reduction following chest tube removal: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Chen Chia‐Te , Tung Heng‐Hsin , Chen Yen‐Chin , Wang Jiun‐Ling , Tsai Sheng‐Han , Huang Yen‐Ta , Hsu Teh‐Fu 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAim and ObjectivesTo conduct a systematic review and meta‐analysis to evaluate the effects of cold application on pain and anxiety reduction after chest tube removal (CTR).BackgroundThe act of removing the chest tube often causes pain among cardiothoracic surgery patients.Most guidelines regarding CTR do not mention pain management. The effects of cold application on reducing pain and anxiety after CTR are inconsistent.DesignSystematic review and meta‐analysis.MethodsWe searched six databases, including Embase, Ovid Medline, Cochrane Library, Scopus, the Index to Taiwan Periodical Literature System and Airiti Library, to identify relevant articles up to the end of February 2021. We limited the language to English and Chinese and the design to randomised controlled trials (RCTs). All studies were reviewed by two independent investigators. The Cochrane Collaboration's tool was used to assess the risk of bias, Review Manager 5.4 was used to conduct the meta‐analysis. The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) methodology was used for assessing certainty of evidence (CoE).ResultsTen RCTs with 683 participants were included in the meta‐analysis. The use of cold application could effectively reduce pain and anxiety after CTR. The subgroup showed that a skin temperature drops to 13°C of cold application was significantly more effective for the immediate reduction in pain intensity after CTR compared with control group. The GRADE methodology demonstrated that CoE was very low level.ConclusionCold application is a safe and easy‐to‐administer nonpharmacological method with immediate and persistent effects on pain and anxiety relief after CTR. Skin temperature drops to 13°C or lasts 20 min of cold application were more effective for immediate reduction of pain intensity following CTR.Relevance to clinical practiceIn addition to pharmacological strategy, cold application could be used as evidence for reducing pain intensity and anxiety level after CTR.
lncRNA DLG1‐AS1 promotes cervical cancer cell gemcitabine resistance by regulating miR‐16‐5p/HDGF
Authors: Zou Min‐Jun , Cheng Xiao‐Rong , Liu Rui‐Feng 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAimTo investigate the long non‐coding RNA DLG1 Antisense RNA 1 (lncRNA DLG1‐AS1) mechanism in cervical cancer cells with gemcitabine (GEM) resistance.MethodsQuantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) was used to detect DLG1‐AS1, miR‐16‐5p, and hepatoma‐derived growth factor (HDGF) expression in cervical cancer cells. The effects of DLG1‐AS1 knockdown on cell viability, proliferation, and apoptosis were investigated in GEM‐resistant cervical cancer cells. The binding of DLG1‐AS1 with miR‐16‐5p and of miR‐16‐5p with HDGF was confirmed through dual‐luciferase reporter assays. HDGF expression was detected through Western blotting. A xenograft model was established using stably transfected GEM‐resistant cervical cancer cells to detect the role of DLG1‐AS1 in tumorigenesis in vivo.ResultsDLG1‐AS1 expression was significantly elevated in HeLa/GEM and SiHa/GEM cells. DLG1‐AS1 silencing significantly reduced the viability and proliferation of GEM‐resistant cervical cancer cells. DLG1‐AS1 also promoted GEM sensitivity in cervical cancer cells by inhibiting miR‐16‐5p. Moreover, the tumor volume in nude mice in the DLG1‐AS1 knockdown group decreased after GEM treatment. In addition, DLG1‐AS1 targeted miR‐16‐5p, and miR‐16‐5p targeted HDGF. The miR‐16‐5p inhibitor reversed the DLG1‐AS1 knockdown effect in GEM‐resistant cervical cancer cells.ConclusionKnockdown of DLG1‐AS1 promoted GEM sensitivity in cervical cancer cells by regulating miR‐16‐5p/HDGF.
A Blessing and a Curse: Institutional Embeddedness of Longstanding MNE Subsidiaries in Emerging Markets
Authors: Röell Christiaan , Arndt Felix , Kumar Vikas 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis article examines the institutional strategies of multinational enterprises (MNEs) operating in an emerging market, drawing attention to how longstanding foreign subsidiaries proactively negotiate their involvement with socio‐political actors. We build on institutional logics to explain how MNE subsidiaries develop sustained political, cultural, and cognitive embeddedness. Using an inductive, interpretive study of four century‐old Dutch MNE subsidiaries with a colonial legacy in Indonesia, we examine these three dimensions of the institutional environment, finding that local employees embedded in both the MNE and the host country sets of logics ‒ rather than expatriate managers ‒ most effectively facilitated sustained institutional embeddedness. Our findings also suggest that embedding practices in host institutional contexts and developing structures that align with host institutional expectations provided a platform for the unfolding of institutional strategies by local employees. However, MNE subsidiaries face contrasting logics between home and host country institutions, placing significant strains on MNEs’ ability to enact change.
Detrimental impact of temporomandibular disorders (mis)beliefs and possible strategies to overcome
Authors: Cintra Débora N. , de Oliveira Sara A. S. , Lorenzo Isadora A. , Costa Dyna Mara F. , Bonjardim Leonardo R. , Costa Yuri M. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAimThis topical review presents common patients’ misbeliefs about temporomandibular disorders (TMD) and discusses their possible impact on the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis. We also discussed the possible influence of the beliefs and behaviours of healthcare providers on the beliefs of patients with TMD and suggested possible strategies to overcome the negative impacts of such misbeliefs.MethodsThis topical review was based on a non‐systematic search for studies about the beliefs of patients and healthcare professionals about TMD in PubMed and Embase.ResultsPatients’ beliefs can negatively impact the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of TMD. These beliefs can be modulated by several factors such as culture, psychosocial aspects, gender, level of knowledge and previous experiences. Moreover, primary healthcare professionals, including dentists, may lack sufficient experience and skills regarding TMD diagnosis and treatment. Misbeliefs of the healthcare professionals can be based on outdated evidence that is not supported by rigorous methodological investigations. Education and dissemination of knowledge to patients and the general population are effective for prevention, promotion of health and disruption of the cycle of misinformation and dissemination of misbeliefs.ConclusionThe lack of basic information about TMD and the dissemination of mistaken and outdated concepts may delay the diagnosis, hinder the treatment, and consequently increase the risk of worsening the condition. Education is key to overcome TMD misbeliefs.
The Voting Rights Act and the curious case of three‐judge district court panels
Authors: Mak Maxwell , Sidman Andrew H. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractA major avenue through which Voting Rights Act (VRA) cases are adjudicated is three‐judge district court panels. These panels mix district and circuit court judges and exist in federal law to force certain important legal questions to be decided in a multimember environment. Using an original dataset of VRA cases decided by three‐judge district court panels, we find that these panels do not operate as intended. We find that the circuit court judges on these panels vote their own preferences consistently, unmoved by strategic or collegial considerations. District court judges, on the other hand, appear to defer to their circuit court brethren.
The logic behind entrustable professional activity frameworks: A scoping review of the literature
Authors: Hennus Marije P. , van Dam Marjel , Gauthier Stephen , Taylor David R. , ten Cate Olle 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIntroductionEntrustable professional activities (EPAs), discrete profession‐specific tasks requiring integration of multiple competencies, are increasingly used to help define and inform curricula of specialty training programmes. Although guidelines exist to help guide the developmental process, deciding what logic to use to draft a preliminary EPA framework poses a crucial but often difficult first step. The logic of an EPA framework can be defined as the perspective used by its developers to break down the practice of a profession into units of professional work. This study aimed to map dominant logics and their rationales across postgraduate medical education and fellowship programmes.MethodsA scoping review using systematic searches within five electronic databases (Medline, Embase, Google Scholar, Scopus and Web of Science) was performed. Dominant logics of included papers were identified using inductive coding and iterative analysis.ResultsIn total, 42 studies were included. Most studies were conducted in the United States (n = 22; 52%), Canada (n = 6; 14%) and the Netherlands (n = 4; 10%). Across the reported range of specialties, family medicine (n = 4; 10%), internal medicine (n = 4; 10%), paediatrics (n = 3; 7%) and psychiatry (n = 3; 7%) were the most common. Three dominant logics could be identified, namely, ‘service provision’, ‘procedures’ and/or ‘disease or patient categories’. The majority of papers (n = 37; 88%) used two or more logics when developing EPA frameworks (median = 3, range = 1–4). Disease or patient groups and service provision were the most common logics used (39% and 37%, respectively).ConclusionsMost programmes used a combination of logics when trying to capture the essential tasks of a profession in EPAs. For each of the three dominant logics, the authors arrived at a definition and identified benefits, limitations and examples. These findings may potentially inform best practice guidelines for EPA development.
Recruitment and retention of volunteer multiple mini interview interviewers: Understanding their motivations
Authors: Allen Louise M. , Palermo Claire , Hay Margaret 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundWithout volunteer interviewers, many universities would not be able to run multiple mini interviews (MMIs) due to the prohibitive cost of paying interviewers. Despite the opportunity cost borne by volunteers, many interviewers participate in multiple MMI sessions per year and volunteer year after year. There is surprisingly little research into what motivates interviewers to volunteer as MMI interviewers. This research aims to explore both what motivates individuals to volunteer to interview in MMIs for undergraduate medical selection and what adds and detracts value from their participation.MethodsWe applied a qualitative sequential two‐phase design consisting of open‐ended survey questions, followed by semi‐structured interviews to explore interviewers' motivators in more depth. The survey data on motivators and the six functions from the volunteer functions inventory (VFI) informed interview data collection and provided a lens through which to examine MMI interviewer motivations. Content analysis was used to analyse the survey data. Framework analysis was used to analyse the interview data.ResultsThe survey was completed by 108 interviewers (50% response rate), and 19 semi‐structured interviews were conducted (54% response rate). From the content analysis, the time commitment of involvement was the biggest detractor identified by participants. Through the framework analysis, five overarching motivators were developed: (i) acting on values, (ii) gaining understanding, (iii) gaining personal satisfaction and gratification, (iv) shaping the future workforce and (v) having social interaction. These mirrored five of the six functions proposed in the VFI.ConclusionsThere are a range of motivating factors that influenced the participants' decision to volunteer as an interviewer for MMIs. Some motivations were for the benefit of others, some were self‐serving, and some a combination of both. Universities should utilise these motivating factors to aid in targeted recruitment of volunteer interviewers.
The role of the capability, opportunity, and motivation of firms for using human resource analytics to monitor employee performance: A multi‐level analysis of the organisational, market, and country context
Authors: Bechter Barbara , Brandl Bernd , Lehr Alex 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe digitalisation of business processes has led to the availability of (big) data which increasingly allows firms to analyse their workforce using HR analytics. On the basis of a cross‐national multi‐level analysis and a data set that covers more than 20,000 firms in all member states of the European Union we investigate the reasons why some firms make use of human resource (HR) analytics to monitor employee performance while others refrain from doing so. We show that the use of HR analytics depends upon firm characteristics as well as contextual factors. In terms of firm characteristics, we find that firms require the structural and managerial capability to make use of HR analytics. For contextual factors, our findings show that some market factors motivate firms to make use of HR analytics while the institutional, that is, juridico‐political, and cultural environment in which firms are embedded influences firms' opportunities to use HR analytics.
Corporatization of public services
Authors: Andrews Rhys , Clifton Judith , Ferry Laurence 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe corporatization of public services by moving services previously provided in‐house into various types of arms‐length corporate forms of organization is becoming an important trend at multiple levels of government. Although the use of such corporate forms to deliver public services is not a new phenomenon, evidence on the impact of corporatization on public services provision is only slowly emerging. In this symposium, we aim to advance our understanding of the theoretical and practical implications of corporatization through empirical analyses of its dynamics in a range of different settings. In this introductory article, we begin by explaining what is meant by the corporatization of public services and the different forms that it can take, before summarizing the existing evidence on the governance, accountability, and performance of corporatized public services. We then describe the articles included in the symposium and conclude by outlining a future research agenda for studying corporatization.
Exploring the empirical connection between student, teacher, school, and district‐level variables on fifth grade students' mathematics achievement
Authors: Polly Drew , Wang Chaung , Petty Teresa , Binns Ian 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis study used hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) to examine the relationship of student, teacher, school, and district‐level variables on students' mathematics achievement as measured on the Grade 5 end of year assessment in North Carolina. Analyses indicated that there were statistically significant relationships between gains in student achievement and students' gender and ethnicity, teachers' advanced degrees (e.g., Master's and Doctorate), teachers' years of experience, and National Board Certification status. In terms of school and district‐level variables, there were statistically significant relationships between students' mathematics achievement and the district's teachers' ratings of their job satisfaction as well as the district's percentages of teachers who had either graduate degrees and National Board Certification. Future research should examine the influence of these variables on mathematics achievement in other populations as well as tease out specific instructional practices in classrooms that may contribute to gains in student outcomes.
El valor de la vista sobre la ciudad: el caso los apartamentos en Envigado
Authors: Agudelo Torres Jorge Enrique , Ospina Espinoza Oscar Alonso , González Virviescas Erika Paola 
Published: April 2022

El estudio del sector inmobiliario ha suscitado la atención de una gran cantidad de investigadores alrededor del mundo. A pesar de ello, en Colombia el impacto ha sido limitado, toda vez que la información de valores reales de venta de bienes inmuebles es bastante limitada en el país. En este artículo se emplearon modelos de regresión geográficamente ponderada, con el fin de analizar la influencia de la vista sobre la ciudad en las viviendas del municipio de Envigado, Colombia. El principal hallazgo de este estudio radica en que en la medida en que un apartamento que tiene una vista sobre la ciudad tiende a venderse por unos valores superiores a aquellos que no la tienen, constituyéndose en una externalidad positiva
A Side Contact Model of Joint Considering the Horizontal Distance Distribution Between Asperities
Authors: Wang Shijun , Fan Lingsong , Wu Jingwei , Li Pengyang 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
A side contact model of joint is proposed, which considers the horizontal distance distribution and side contact between the asperities on the contact surfaces. The Leica DCM3D microscope is applied to collect the profile data of the grinding surfaces. After analyzing the profile data by the statistical method, it is found that the horizontal distance distributions between asperities on the contact surfaces show an approximate normal distribution. Based on the discovery, a contact model of joint considering the horizontal distance distribution and side contact between asperities is established by statistical theory. The simulation results of the model show that the dimensionless tangential contact stiffness of joint is always lower than that of the GZQ model under the condition of the same dimensionless average distance of contact surfaces and P/T. When the standard deviation of horizontal distance between asperities decreases, both the dimensionless tangential contact stiffness of joint and the dimensionless normal contact stiffness increase. The finite element analysis and the modal experiment based on the contact model are carried out. It is found that the first three modal frequencies and modal shapes obtained from finite element analysis are in good agreement with those from the modal experiment, and compared with the modal frequencies from experiment, the modal frequencies from finite element analysis based on the model proposed in this paper show less error than those of finite element analysis based on the GZQ model. Therefore, this model proposed in this paper can more accurately predict the dynamic characteristics of joint.
Neural Network Based Transfer Learning for Robot Path Generation
Authors: Tang Houcheng , Notash Leila 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In this paper, an artificial neural network (ANN)-based transfer learning approach of inverse displacement analysis of robot manipulators is studied. ANNs with different structures are applied utilizing data from different end-effector paths of a manipulator for training purposes. Four transfer learning methods are proposed by applying pretrained initial parameters. Final training results of ANN with transfer learning are compared with those of ANN with random initialization. To investigate the rate of convergence of data fitting comprehensively, different values of performance targets are defined. The computing epochs and performance measures are compared. It is presented that, depending on the structure of ANN, the proposed transfer learning methods can accelerate the training process and achieve higher accuracy. Depending on the method, the transfer learning improves the performance differently.
Influence of Vane Trailing Edge Flow on the Formation of Cavity Cells and Rim Sealing
Authors: Monge-Concepción Iván , Siroka Shawn , Berdanier Reid A. , Barringer Michael D. , Thole Karen A. , Robak Christopher 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Hot gas ingestion into the turbine rim seal cavity is an important concern for engine designers. To prevent ingestion, rim seals use high-pressure purge flow; however, the penalty is that excessive use of the purge flow decreases engine thermal efficiency. In this paper, a one-stage turbine operating at engine-representative conditions was used to study the effect of steady and time-resolved under-platform cavity temperatures and pressures across a range of coolant flowrates in the presence of vane trailing edge (VTE) flow. This study correlates time-resolved pressure with time-resolved temperature to identify primary frequencies driving ingestion. At certain flowrates, the time-resolved pressures are out of phase with the temperatures, indicating ingestion. Measurements from high-frequency response pressure sensors in the rim seal and vane platform were also used to determine rotational speed and quantity of large-scale structures (cells). In a parallel effort, a computational model using Unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (URANS) was applied to determine swirl ratio in the rim seal cavity and time-resolved rim sealing effectiveness. The experimental results confirm that at low purge flowrates, the VTE flow influences the unsteady flow field by decreasing pressure unsteadiness in the rim seal cavity. Results show an increase in purge flow increases the number of unsteady large-scale structures in the rim seal and decreases their rotational speed. However, VTE flow was shown to not significantly change the cell speed and count in the rim seal. Simulations point to the importance of the large-scale cell structures in influencing rim sealing unsteadiness, which is not captured in current rim sealing predictive models.