bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Occupational exposure to rare earth elements in mechanic workshops
Authors: Trifuoggi Marco , Aiani Maria Rita , Pagano Giovanni , Mascagni Paolo , Borea Luigi , Tez Serkan , Oral Rahime , Guida Marco , Libralato Giovanni , Giarra Antonella , Toscanesi Maria , Ranieri Pasquale , Marano Alessandra , Gianpaolo Francesco , Galbiati Elisa , Mariani Simona , Cucco Maria Grazia , Thomas Philippe J 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Rare earth elements (REEs) such as cerium and lanthanum are utilized in oil refining and as catalytic additives in the production of diesel fuel aimed at optimizing fuel combustion. Background reports from animal studies demonstrated several REE-associated adverse effects, some of which following REE inhalation of diesel exhaust particulate. This study was aimed at evaluating the occupational exposure to REEs in diesel exhaust among two groups of mechanic workers; the first group involving 20 workers from artisanal workshops lacking exhaust abatement devices in Avellino province (Italy) and the second treatment group encompassing 82 workers (controls) from two industrial industrial-shaped workshops in Como (Italy) equipped with exhaust abatement devices. The evaluated endpoints in the two donor groups were: a) urine concentrations of 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHP), as an indicator of exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs); b) urine REE concentrations, and c) REE concentrations in scalp hair. The results showed significantly higher urine 1-OHP concentrations in the first treatment group vs. controls (0.28 ± 0.07 mg/L vs. 0.12 ± 0.35 mg/L) (p<0.05), along with significantly higher frequency of smokers in these workers cases vs. controls (47.6% vs. 11.1%;) (p<0.05), and significantly higher urine REE concentrations in the same cases vs. controls (0.14 ± 0.04 mg/L vs. 0.07 ± 0.04 mg/L; ) (p<0.001). REE concentrations in scalp hair were not significantly different between the two donor groups suggesting that REEs might not be sequestered to hair during detoxification pathways.
The upregulation and SNP of Transforming growth factor-β1 in COPD patients with or without pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Liu Jie , Li Jun , Wang Jiahui , Li Yongchun , Li Qinghai , Han Wei , Li Shuangbao , Zhu Wenjing 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Pulmonary fibrosis is a common pathogenic change of COPD and associated with worse outcome, however, there is a lack of research on mechanisms of COPD with pulmonary fibrosis. In our study, we studied the influence of TGF-β1 and its single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) on COPD complicated with pulmonary fibrosis. Methods: In this research, six GEO datasets were included to screen dysregulated genes in COPD patients. The dysregulated genes were detected by PCR-DNA sequencing based on 98 COPD patients and 90 healthy volunteers. Results: Five genes were upregulated in COPD patients including CDCP1, CYP1B1, PELO, RNF24 and TGF-β1. However, of the five genes, only TGF-β and CYP1B1 expression were significantly increased in COPD compared with normal group validated by R2 database. And only TGF-β1 highly expressed in 1-4 stage of COPD versus 0 stage. The expression of TGF-β in COPD patients with fibrosis was significantly higher than normal and COPD patients. Moreover, allele C of TGF-β1 +869 locus was associated with the susceptibility of COPD and airflow restriction. The genotype frequency of CC in patients with severe airflow restriction (23.1%) was significantly higher than that in patients with mild and moderate airflow restriction (6.5%). Conclusion: TGF-β1 was upregulated in the COPD patients with fibrosis, especially in patients with pulmonary fibrosis. The SNP at +869 allele C in TGF-β1 may be a genetic locus and therapeutic target for COPD with fibrosis.
Co-expression network analysis illustrates the importance of driver genes in colorectal cancer diagnosis, prevention, and therapy
Authors: Yari Amirhosein , MotieGhader Habib , Samadzadeh Anahita , Amini Mohammad , Ebadi Zahra , Gholipour Faranak , Mokhtarzadeh Ahad , Baradaran Behzad , Tabrizi-Nezhad Parinaz , Nematzadeh Sajjad , Torkamanian-Afshar Mahsa , Lanjanian Hossein , Kiani Farzad 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most frequent kind of cancer globally, making it a significant public health problem. This project aims to construct a network to uncover potential biomarkers for diagnostic reasons, prospective EDCs for preventative applications, and potential drugs for therapeutic purposes in early-stage CRC.
Results
To this end, we identified driver genes linked with early-stage colorectal cancer and used the R package WGCNA to design a co-expression network. Following that, modules were chosen, and possible biomarkers were identified using the Cytoscape software and the TCGA database. Then, using the comptox database, we identified probable EDCs and created an EDC-GENE network. Finally, we introduced EDCs with a high degree of risk. The drug-gene network was then reconstructed to find viable therapies for colorectal cancer in its early stages. The co-expression network was constructed using the 1108 driver Genes’ mRNA expression values of 70 early-stage CRC and 12 healthy control samples. The clustering results show that the overlapping gene set is divided into 27 modules. Our study identified five modules (indicated in dark green, dark orange, light cyan, royal blue, and purple) according to the average linkage hierarchical clustering and Zsummary less than 2. Then we find 17 high degree genes of these modules as potential biomarkers for diagnostic issues. Moreover, we explored 25 possible high degrees of Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals that affect the main genes of each module for preventing purposes. Finally, we identified 27 potential high degree drugs that affect the primary genes of each module as treating aims. Then, these biomarkers, EDCs, and drugs that may be tested as a basis for future research were introduced.
Conclusions
This research aimed to identify potential biomarkers for diagnostic purposes, prospective EDCs for prevention, and potential therapeutic agents in colorectal cancer in its early stages. These biomarkers, EDCs, and medications will aid in diagnosing, preventing, and treating colorectal cancer in its early stages.
Oxidative stress, dysfunctional energy metabolism, and destabilizing neurotransmitters altered cerebral metabolic profile in a rat model of a simulated heliox saturation diving to 4.0 Mpa
Authors: Liu Xia , Fang Yiqun , Xu Jiajun , Yang Tao , Xu Ji , He Jia , Liu Wenwu , Yu Xuhua , Wen Yukun , Zhang Naixia , Li Ci 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
A better understanding of the neurological molecular mechanisms induced by an extreme environment of hyperbaric decompression could contribute to the improvement of diving procedures. The main objective of the present study was to determine metabolic profile changes in the brains of rats after simulated heliox saturated diving (HSD) to 400 meters of sea water (msw) (4.0 MPa) with heliox to 5 bar (pO2 = 50 kPa) compared to the blank controls. Alterations in the polar metabolome in the rat brain due to hyperbaric heliox saturation were investigated in cortex, hippocampus, and striatum tissue samples by applying an NMR-based metabolomic approach coupled with biochemical detection in the cortex. The reduction in glutathione and taurine levels may hypothetically boost antioxidant defenses during saturation diving, which was also proven by the increased malondialdehyde level, the decreased superoxide dismutase, and the decreased glutathione peroxidase in the cortex. The concomitant decrease in aerobic metabolic pathways and anaerobic metabolic pathways comprised downregulated energy metabolism, which was also proven by the biochemical quantification of the metabolic enzymes Na-K ATPase and LDH in cerebral cortex tissue. The significant metabolic abnormalities of amino acid neurotransmitters, such as GABA, glycine, and aspartate, decreased aromatic amino acids, including tyrosine and phenylalanine, both of which are involved in the metabolism of dopamine and noradrenaline, which are downregulated in the cortex. In particular, a decline in the level of N-acetyl aspartate is associated with neuronal damage. In summary, hyperbaric decompression of a 400 msw HSD affected the brain metabolome in a rat model, potentially including a broad range of disturbing amino acid homeostasis, metabolites related to oxidative stress and energy metabolism, and destabilizing neurotransmitter components. These disturbances may contribute to the neurochemical and neurological phenotypes of HSD.
Lung cancer relapse in total intravenous and inhaled anesthesia in video-assisted thoracic surgery
Authors: Chou Hsiu-ping , Lin Kuan-Hsun , Huang Hsu-Kai , Tsai Yuan-Ming , Kuo Yen-Shou , Wu Ti-Hui , Chen Ying-Yi , Lai Hou-Chuan , Huang Tsai-Wang 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background:: This study aimed to investigate the recurrence of lung cancer following resection with total intravenous anesthesia and volatile anesthetics.Methods: Patients who underwent surgical resection for lung cancer between January 2015 and April 2020 were analyzed for clinical data, anesthesia, surgical approaches, and outcomes.Results: Overall, 1087 patients with lung cancer were identified and grouped according to whether they received propofol or sevoflurane anesthesia based on intubation status. A total of 321 and 758 patients who received propofol and sevoflurane anesthesia were eligible for analysis, respectively. After propensity score matching, 317 patients remained in each group. Sex, tumor size, operative time, and age differed significantly between both groups. Those who received sevoflurane and propofol anesthesia had a 5-year overall survival rate of 91.2% and 95.6% (p = 0.52) and a 5-year disease-free survival rate of 83.2% and 85.3% (p = 0.711), respectively. Multivariate Cox-regressions analysis revealed that operative time and tumor size were independent factors for postoperative relapse.Conclusions: Total intravenous anesthesia can be safely administered for patients requiring surgery. Moreover, this retrospective study showed no significant difference in relapse rates between anesthesia types over the initial 5 years after surgical resection for lung cancer.Trial registration: This study is retrospectively registered in institutional review board of Tri-service general hospital (TSGHIRB B202105116).
Arrays of TiO2 nanosphere monolayer on GaN-based LED for the improvement of light extraction
Authors: Kim Dohyun , Jung Uijin , Jung Bomseumin , Kim Kyoung-kook , Park Jinsub 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
We report on the fabrication of TiO2 nanospheres (NSs) monolayer arrays for enhancement of light extraction quantum efficiency of GaN-based light-emitting diodes (LEDs). The fabricated TiO2 NSs monolayer arrays composed of different phases of anatase (An-) and amorphous (Am-) TiO2, the arrays were transferred onto the topmost layer of LED chips via facile icing transfer method. The LED chips covered with Am-TiO2 NSs monolayer arrays shows 3.0- times enhanced light output power intensity compared with reference LED chips at a fixed injection current of 100 mA. The enhanced light extraction of LED chips by Am-TiO2 NSs monolayer can be attributed to an high transmittance (91.1%) in visible and increased light extraction probability of photons generated in LEDs, resulting from the enhanced light coupling efficiency by reduced total internal reflection (TIR). Finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulation results also agreed well with the experimentally observed results. Based on the experimental and theoretical results, our suggested Am- and An-TiO2 NSs arrays can be considered as a very facile and effective method to improve the device performance of various visible LEDs chips.
Identification of Sex from Humerus of Skeletons using Discriminant Analysis: A study on Contemporary Sri Lankan Population
Authors: Selvamalai Thiraviyam , Nawarathna Lakshika S. , Nanayakkara Deepthi 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This pioneering study aims to identify the significant differences between males and females in their scale of measurements and thereby determine the sex using the humerus, the long bone between the shoulder and elbow joints of the Sri Lankan population. We analysed the dimensions of maximum length, intercondylar breadth, and the vertical and transverse diameter of left and right side humerus measured in millimetres (mm) of 86 humeri (46 males and 40 females) in Sri Lankan adults. To identify the significant mean differences between the male and female dimensions of humeri, paired sample t-test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test were used. Moreover, linear and quadratic discriminant functions for each univariate and multivariate variable were considered to determine the sex. All four humeral dimensions were significantly larger for males compared to females. The univariate quadratic linear discriminant function is better than the linear discriminant function for the sex estimation with higher accuracy. Both left and right transverse diameter provide 99% accuracy using univariate quadratic discriminant functions, while the maximum length of humerus showed the lowest accuracy in determining the sex. The multivariate discriminant function provided lower accuracy than the univariate quadratic discriminant function. Therefore, the study concludes that a univariate quadratic discriminant function with either the left or right transverse diameter of the humerus would be the best way to predict sex for the contemporary Sri Lankan population.
Integrated analysis of immune- and apoptosis-related lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network in Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis of children
Authors: Huang Lingfei , Li Yanhong , Xie Yi , Liu Fei , Mao Jianhua , Miao Jing 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in the regulation of immunological and apoptotic function. Here, we aimed to explore critical immune- and apoptosis-related lncRNAs in the occurrence and development of Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis (HSPN) in children. Through differentially expressed analysis, we identified differentially expressed lncRNAs, immune- and apoptosis-related mRNAs in the peripheral blood samples of children with HSPN. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses validated the immunological and apoptotic roles of the differentially expressed immune-related and apoptosis-related mRNAs. Following, we analyzed the correlations of differentially expressed lncRNAs and immune- and apoptosis-related mRNAs by Spearman’s correlation analysis, and determined 100 critical immune- and apoptosis-related lncRNAs in HSPN of children. Based on competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNA) mechanism, we constructed the immune- and apoptosis-related lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network in HSPN of children, and validated the expression levels of lncRNAs in the lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network. Collectively, we proposed that the immune- and apoptosis-related lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network might participate in the modulation of pathogenesis of HSPN in children. In addition, the lncRNAs in the immune- and apoptosis-related lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network (upregulated SNHG3, LINC00152, TUG1, GAS5, FGD5-AS1, DLEU2, and SCARNA9; downregulated SNHG1, NEAT1, DISC1-IT1, and PVT1) could become novel biomarkers for the diagnosis of HNSP in children.
Effectiveness of BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 third vaccines during pregnancy: A national observational study in Israel
Authors: Guedalia Joshua , Lipschuetz Michal , Calderon-Margalit Ronit , Cohen Sarah , Goldman-Wohl Debra , Kaminer Tali , Melul Eli , Shefer Galit , Sompolinsky Yishai , Walfisch Asnat , Yagel Simcha , Beharier Ofer 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
BACKGROUND
Current guidelines recommend a third dose of COVID-19 vaccine for pregnant women, although data regarding effectiveness during pregnancy are lacking.
METHODS
We conducted a national, population-based, historical cohort study of all pregnant women in Israel who delivered between August 1, 2021 and March 22, 2022. Data were analyzed by COVID-19 waves (Delta variant in the summer of 2021 and Omicron, BA.1, variant in the winter of 2022) and vaccination status of the women. We compared the third and second doses of vaccine effectiveness in preventing COVID-19-related hospitalizations during pregnancy. Time-dependent Cox proportional-hazards regression models were used to estimate the hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for COVID-related outcomes according to vaccine dose. Vaccine effectiveness was estimated as 1-HR.
RESULTS
A total of 82,659 and 33,303 pregnant women were followed during the Delta and Omicron waves, respectively. Compared with the second dose, the third dose effectively prevents hospitalization with SARS-CoV-2 infection, with estimated effectiveness of 97% (95% CI 95–99%) during the Delta period. During the Omicron period, the third dose, but not the second dose, compared to unvaccinated, significantly effectively protects against COVID-19- related outcomes with estimated effectiveness of 43% (95% CI 31–53%), 97% (95% CI 72–100%), and 94% (95% CI 43–99%) in preventing hospitalization with SARS-CoV-2 infection, significant, and severe disease, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS
A third dose of the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine during pregnancy, given at least 5 months after the second vaccine dose, significantly enhanced protection against adverse COVID-19-related outcomes.
Dynamic Local Binary Pattern Based Feature Extraction for Satellite Image Change Detection
Authors: Asokan Anju 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
With the use of remote sensing imagery to model the natural phenomena such as disaster management mitigation, urban development etc., the need to assess the changes due to this phenomena is highly critical. The remote sensing data is complex in terms of the color and textural variations. Feature extraction is a crucial step in remote sensing image classification which directly affects the classification accuracy. The extraction of textural features on such images which are rich in spatial information is extremely important. There are many feature extraction techniques already available in the literature. But the main drawback of the existing techniques is the lack of obtaining the minute information embedded in the image. This is a critical stage in enhancing the change detection result. This paper presents a Dynamic Local Binary Pattern (DLBP) for textural feature extraction for satellite image change detection. The quantitative analysis of the proposed method is carried out by computing the kappa coefficient, false alarm and missed alarm.
The effect of mutations on binding interactions between the SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain and neutralizing antibodies B38 and CB6
Authors: Barnes Jonathan E. , Lund Peik K. , Patel Jagdish Suresh , Ytreberg F. Marty 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 is the pathogen responsible for COVID-19 that has claimed over six million lives as of July 2022. The severity of COVID-19 necessitates understanding how it could evolve to escape potential treatments and ways to strengthen existing treatments. Here, we used the molecular modeling methods MD + FoldX and PyRosetta to study the SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor binding domain (S-RBD) bound to two neutralizing antibodies, B38 and CB6 and generated lists of antibody escape and antibody strengthening mutations. Our resulting watchlist with potential antibody escape mutations against B38/CB6 consists of 211/186 mutations across 35/22 S-RBD sites. Some of these mutations have been previously identified as significant in observed populations (e.g., N501Y). The list of potential antibody strengthening mutations that are predicted to improve binding of B38/CB6 to S-RBD consists of 116/45 mutations across 29/13 sites. These mutations could be used to improve the therapeutic value of these antibodies. Our results provide a basis for further studies on the effects of mutations in the S-RBD and antibodies.
Schematic Analysis and Fiducial Point of Tooth for Root Canal Therapy
Authors: Kim Dooyeol , Aldabbagh Mustafa , Makins Scott R. , Jacob Helder B. , Holland Julian N. , Jeong Ji Wook 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Objectives To identify schematic relationships between root canal axis, the cementoenamel junction (CEJ), and the contour of the clinical crown’s facial surface in maxillary central incisors. Materials and Methods 72 radiographic images of extracted maxillary central incisors with previous root canal treatment were collected. Angles (tangent angle) between the root canal axis and lines tangent to fiducial points on the facial surface 3.5 mm, 4.0 mm, 4.5 mm, 5.0 mm, and 5.5 mm cervical to the incisal edge were measured using ImageJ software. Facial-palatal CEJ widths were measured and divided into facial and palatal CEJ by the root canal axis. Generalized linear models were used to assess any relationship between CEJ widths and the constructed tangent angles. The Paired Difference T-test was performed to determine the ratio of palatal CEJ to facial CEJ widths. Results The correlation between CEJ width and angle measurements was statistically significant except at 3.5 mm (P < .05). The tangent angle values decreased from the most incisal point (22.8°) to the most cervical point (18.4°). The average value of total CEJ widths was 7.44 mm. Palatal CEJ was on average 0.22 mm greater than facial CEJ widths (P = 1.61e-6). Conclusions Using CEJ width and tangent angle of fiducial point, the root canal axis of the maxillary central incisor can be predicted. Clinical relevance Crown morphology can be applied to design a standardized endodontic access stent to aid in root canal therapy in maxillary central incisors when the canal is difficult to identify.
Exploring the role and expression pattern of WRKY transcription factor in the growth and development of Bletilla striata based on transcriptome
Authors: Li Qingqing , Huang Ceyin , Liu Chaobo , Jia Xueyan , Wen Weie , Li Lin , He Yihuai , Xu Delin 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
To explore the genetic mechanism of regulating growth and chemical biosynthesis is vital important for further studies and applications in medicinal herbs. WRKY type transcription factors (TFs) play crucial roles in the growth and development of plants. However, a comprehensive analysis of the WRKY family members in a valuable Chinese herbal orchid, Bletilla striata, or in other orchids, is limited. In this study, by applied bioinformatic programs, we screened 29 WRKY genes from former formed database and then identified their functions based on the sequences properties and explore their expression mode, and also identified some SSR molecular markers. Analysis showed that BsWRKY genes may work together to regulate plant growth and development. A single BsWRKY transcription factor may be involved in the regulation of several seemingly different processes in plants. BsWRKY genes play an important regulatory role in the synthesis of Coelonin, Hydroxybenzyl Alcohol, Dactylorhin A and Militarine. Taken together, these results provided a theoretical basis for further studies on the gene functions and regulatory mechanisms of what in B. striata.