bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
LIVERPOOL IN VICTORIAN DOMESTIC POLITICS
Authors: Склярова Е.К. 
Published: June 2022

В статье рассматриваются особенности социального развития Ливерпуля в контексте его роли во внутренней политике Великобритании в эпоху королевы Виктории. Крупнейший город и порт Соединённого Королевства Великобритании и Ирландии одним из первых ощутил на себе все негативные последствия промышленного переворота, урбанизации и миграции населения. Как и многие другие города Великобритании, Ливерпуль фигурировал в прессе, медицинских, статистических и парламентских отчётах, как город подвалов, центр массовой миграции, трущоб, высокой смертности населения, отсутствия санитарно-технических норм и антисанитарии. Парламентские расследования и пресса указали на Ливерпуль, а также Вулверхемптон, Глазго, Дублин, Лидс, Лондон, Манчестер, Шеффилд, как города, где необходимо первоочередное проведение социальных реформ. В середине XIX в. в эпоху королевы Виктории Ливерпуль израсходовал значительные суммы денег на решение проблемы антисанитарии, уборки и мощения города, водоснабжения и освещения, жилищную реформу, организацию прачечных, общественных бань, библиотек, парков. Пионерами муниципализации и здравоохранения Ливерпуля стали — доктор Уильям Данкен, С. Хольм, Дж. Тинн. До введения общегосударственного Закона об обеспечении общественного здравоохранения 1848 г., Ливерпуль инициировал институт инспекции и санитарных врачей, жилищную реформу, систематическое вмешательство государства в решение социальных проблем.
The article examines the features of Liverpool's social development in the context of its role in the domestic politics of Great Britain in the era of Queen Victoria. The largest city and port of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland was one of the first to feel all the negative consequences of the industrial revolution, urbanization and population migration. Like many other cities in the UK, Liverpool appeared in the press, medical, statistical and parliamentary reports as a city of basements, a center of mass migration, slums, high mortality, lack of sanitary standards and unsanitary conditions. Parliamentary investigations and the press have pointed to Liverpool, as well as WolverHampton, Glasgow, Dublin, Leeds, London, Manchester, Sheffield, as cities where social reforms are needed as a priority. In the middle of the XIX century in the era of Queen Victoria, Liverpool spent significant amounts of money on solving the problem of unsanitary conditions, cleaning and paving the city, water supply and lighting, housing reform, the organization of laundries, public baths, libraries, and parks. The pioneers of municipalization and health care in Liverpool were Dr. William Duncan, S. Holm, J. Thinn. Prior to the introduction of the National Public Health Law of 1848, Liverpool initiated the Institute of inspection and sanitary doctors, housing reform, and systematic state intervention in solving social problems.
POLITICAL POLEMICS IN GREAT BRITAIN IN THE 90S OF THE XVIIITH CENTURY ON THE MATERIALS OF J. REEVS’ PAMPHLET “THOUGHTS ON THE ENGLISH GOVERNMENT”
Authors: Ковалёв М.А. 
Published: June 2022

Статья рассматривает взгляды консервативного памфлетиста конца XVIII – нач. XIX вв. Дж. Ривза. Выступив с критикой корреспондентских обществ, появившихся в Англии под влиянием Французской революции, и в защиту королевской власти и «высокой церкви», мыслитель оказался обвинённым в клевете на английскую конституцию группой влиятельных вигов. На материале памфлета Ривза автор статьи анализирует особенности «крайнего торизма» конца XVIII в. как альтернативной по отношению к бёрковской традиции консерватизма. Основанная на ревизии вигизма, концепция Ривза оказалась для своего времени не актуальной в силу религиозной интерпретации общественно-политических событий своего времени.
The article examines the views of J. Reeves, a conservative pamphleteer of the late XVIII century and the early XIX century. He criticized the corresponding societies that appeared in England under the influence of the French Revolution, and defended of the royal power and the “high church”, and was accused of a libel on the English constitution by a group of influential Whigs. The author of the article analyzes the features of “extreme Toryism” of the XVIII century as an alternative to the Burkean tradition of conservatism on the material of Reeves’ pamphlet. Reeves’ concept was based on the revision of Whiggism and became not actual for his time due to the religious interpretation of the contemporary socio-political events
«UNIONIST NATIONALISM» AND WILLIAM ROBERTSON
Authors: Мухин М.А. 
Published: June 2022

В рамках статьи оспаривается тезис исследователя Александра дю Туа, согласно которому шотландский историк Уильям Робертсон является ранним представителем «юнионистского национализма». Указывается на то, что «юнионистские националисты» испытывали гордость от принадлежности к шотландской нации, а чувства собственного достоинства и исключительности пронизывали их культуру, но при этом носители шотландской идентичности не были противниками единого с Англией государства. Выявляется отношение У. Робертсона к прошлому Шотландии, а также степень поддержки историком внутренней автономии Северной Британии. Рассматривается отношение У. Робертсона к объединению Англии и Шотландии в рамках Великобритании. Делается вывод о том, что нет существенных оснований полагать, что У. Робертсон придерживался взглядов, которые можно было бы отнести к «юнионистскому национализму». Отмечается, что исследование дю Туа поднимает проблему, которая не была затронута в более ранних научных работах и требует тщательного изучения.
This article examines a statement by scholar Alexander du Toit that Scottish historian William Robertson is an early proponent of unionist nationalism. It is pointed out that unionist nationalists were proud to be a part of Scottish nation, and the sense of their own dignity and pre-eminence ran through their culture. However, holders of Scottish identity were not opposed to a united states with England. The article points out how William Robertson felt towards the history of Scotland as well as the degree to which he supported autonomy for North Britain. The researchers make a conclusion that there is no substantial ground to claim that William Robertson had political views attributable to unionist nationalism. This article also notes that the work by du Toit raises an issue, not touched upon yet by earlier scientific studies, that demands a closer examination
Insights into enhanced machine learning techniques for surface water quantity and quality prediction based on data pre-processing algorithms
Authors: Panahi Javad , Mastouri Reza , Shabanlou Saeid 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Quality and quantity of streamflow are crucial components in the management and control of water resources according which are challenging due to their nonstationarity and uncertainty path. This paper presented an ensemble data pre-processing-based machine learning (ML) algorithm for the decision-support of water resource management and water pollution control at the watershed scale due to the nonlinear path of streamflow. In the proposed hybrid model, a new time–frequency analysis algorithm, variational mode decomposition (VMD), is implemented to deal with the nonlinearity and nonstationary of a streamflow process. The VMD is exploited to decompose the original water quality and quantity series into a series of intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) with different frequencies. Therefore, an ensemble algorithm, bootstrap aggregating (bagging) algorithm is coupled with two common ML, reduced error pruning tree (REPT) and random forest (RF), to predict all the decomposed modes using VMD. Then, in order to reduce the variance among the base classifiers of the proposed ML, a bootstrap aggregation technique was recruited. Finally, the predicting value of the original water quality and quantity series is obtained by adding up the predicting results of all the decomposed modes. The proposed hybrid decomposition–ensemble model has been applied to two stations in Karoon River, Iran. Results obtained from this study indicate that the proposed hybrid decomposition–ensemble model can capture the nonlinear characteristics of a streamflow process in terms of water quality and quantity simultaneously and thus provide more accurate predicting results compared with those models without data frequency decomposing.
Green is the New Black: Emerging Environmentally Friendly Prospects in
the Synthesis of Quinoxaline Derivatives
Authors: Phongphane Lacksany , Azmi Mohamad Nurul 
Published: June 2022

Abstract:
Functionalized polysubstituted quinoxalines have been widely reported to possess appealing biological activities of great pharmaceutical importance which drew researchers into exploring promising synthetical protocols. On top of that, prospects on green chemistry are driving research paradigms into more cost-effective, facile, environmental-friendly, sustainable, and scalable approaches. This paper reviews the green synthesis methods of quinoxaline derivatives using recyclable heterogeneous catalysts, green solvents and energy-mediated methods that have been extensively studied and published since 2010 to offer an insight into the ongoing greener trend in the scientific field.
Mediterranean Diet Adherence and Physical Activity Level in Adolescents
During the Lockdown in the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-sectional
Study in Greek Island of Rhodes
Authors: Chatzinikola Charistoula , Papavasileiou Vasileios , Koutelidakis Antonios 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Nutrition is involved in various ways in the 17 distinct SDGs of United Nations Agenda 2030. The COVID-19 pandemic is testing the world threatening health, nutrition, education, and social protection.

Objective:
The objective of this study was to assess the adolescents’ adherence to the Mediterranean diet that attended senior high school in the Greek city of Rhodes during the lockdown period.

Methods:
In this cross-sectional, observational study the sample of the research was 227 students aged 11-15 years old, that self-reported their weight and height and completed validated questionnaires for their nutritional attitudes.

Results:
The percentages of students who were overweight/obese were 22.5% of the total sample (17.2% overweight and 5.3% obese) according to the IOTF (International Obesity Taskforce) cutoffs and 30.4% (21.6% overweight and 8.8% obese) according to the WHO (World Health Organization) cutoffs. The average KIDMED score of the sample was medium (6.00) and the adherence to the Mediterranean diet of the sample needs improvement.

Conclusion:
Results support a shift from traditional Mediterranean diet to more unhealthy eating patterns. Adolescents' limited physical activity mainly on weekdays was reported, and further research could examine the role of distant education for this behavior. Policies and strategies targeting the students’ population are essential for adolescents’ nutrition education and the improvement of their dietary habits toward the sustainable Mediterranean diet, during the specific circumstances of covid pandemic.
Recent Advancements in Multimodal Medical Image Fusion Techniques
for Better Diagnosis: An Overview
Authors: Guruviah Velmathi , Haribabu Maruturi , Yogarajah Pratheepan 
Published: June 2022

Abstract:
Medical imaging plays a vital role in medical diagnosis and clinical treatment. The biggest
challenge in the medical field is the correct identification of disease and better treatment. Multi-modal
Medical Image Fusion (MMIF) is the process of merging multiple medical images from different modalities
into a single fused image. The main objective of the medical image fusion is to obtain a large
amount of appropriate information (i.e., features) to improve the quality and make it more informative
for increasing clinical therapy for better diagnosis and clear assessment of medical-related problems.
The MMIF is generally considered with MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging), CT (Computed Tomography),
PET (Positron Emission Tomography), SPECT (Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography),
MRA (Magnetic Resonance Angiography), T1-weighted MR, T2-weighted MR, X-ray, and ultrasound
imaging (Vibro-Acoustography). This review article presents a comprehensive survey of existing
medical image fusion methods and has been characterized into six parts: (1) Multi-modality
medical images, (2) Literature review process, (3) Image fusion rules, (4) Quality evaluation metrics
for assessment of fused image, (5) Experimental results on registered datasets and (6) Conclusion. In
addition, this review article provides scientific challenges faced in MMIF and future directions for
better diagnosis. It is expected that this review will be useful in establishing a concrete foundation for
developing more valuable fusion methods for medical diagnosis.
Extraction and Purification of Bioactive Peptide with Antimicrobial
Properties from Horseshoe Crab
Authors: Oli Ajay Kumar , Shivshetty Nagaveni , Javaregowda Palaksha Kanive , Revanna Kelmani Chandrakanth 
Published: June 2022

Abstract:
Peptides are small biomolecules that act as bioactive or host defense molecules. These
peptides have a significant role in medicine because of their broad spectrum antimicrobial properties. Marine sources are the largest supply of peptides and natural small molecules since they represent half of the total global biodiversity. Among the different crab species, the horseshoe crab is
widely used for extracting the peptides. The horseshoe crab is a marine and brackish water arthropod; it plays a crucial role in the reel and whelk fishing industry and the production of important
pharmaceutical bioactive components. This review highlights the details of the extraction and purification of antimicrobial peptides from the horseshoe crab. These peptides represent trends and
opportunities for the future, with a focus on the pharmaceutical industries.
Extraction of Trace Quantities of Copper Using Novel Modified Magnetite
Nanoparticles for Atomic Absorption Spectrometry Analysis
Authors: Pourbasheer Eslam , Morsali Somayeh , Ansari Samira , Mirtamizdoust Babak , Vojoudi Hossein , Ganjali Mohammad Reza 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Copper is one of several heavy metals. A low concentration of copper is vital for
animals and plants, whereas it is highly toxic to aquatic plants and bacteria in a high concentration. Therefore,
copper ions in water and food must be controlled, and as a result, the development of novel methods
for the determination of copper in water samples is of interest.

Objective:
Different techniques have been proposed for copper ions extraction and determination. The
magnetic solid-phase extraction method is considered superior to the other method for simplicity, its
higher enrichment, and the need for lower quantities of solvents. The novel modified magnetite nanoparticles
as the sorbent, along with the atomic absorption spectrometry analysis, can be a low-cost, simple
and rapid method for this propose.

Methods:
Traces of Cu(II) in environmental samples were preconcentrated using a novel magnetic adsorbent
developed based on 2,2´-((1E,1´E)-hydrazine-1,2-diylidenebis(methanylylidene)) diphenol coated
magnetite nanoparticles. The influence of ligand concentration, amount of adsorbent, pH, type of eluent,
sample volume, and effects of interfering ions were optimized. The adsorbed species were eluted for
analysis through atomic absorption spectrometry.

Results:
A linear calibration curve was recorded from 2 to 40 μg ml-1 (r2= 0.999) under optimal conditions,
and the detection limit of the method was as low as 1.6 μg ml-1. Also, good recoveries were obtained
for the real sample analysis.

Conclusion:
The developed procedure constituted a rapid extraction, a low-cost and efficient method, and
was used for the analysis of copper ions in the tap, river, and lake water.
Unmasking of Metamizole-induced Liver Injury by Simult aneous
Development of Characteristic Agranulocytosis
Authors: Lutz Mathias , Grünewald Inga , Lenze Frank , Heinzow Hauke , Ullerich Hansjörg , Kabar Iyad , Schmidt Hartmut H. , Tepasse Phil-Robin 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Metamizole is one of the most used analgesic, antipyretic, and spasmolytic
agents in many countries worldwide. While metamizole-induced agranulocytosis is an, albeit
seldom, well-known adverse event, metamizole-associated drug-induced liver injury has been reported
rarely in the literature and hence often remains unconsidered. Here, we present a unique
case where metamizole-induced hepatotoxicity got unmasked by the simultaneous development of
characteristic agranulocytosis.

Case Report:
A 22-year-old woman without known conditions presented with a new onset of fever,
jaundice, and maculopapular rash and explicitly denied intake of any new substances. Laboratory
tests showed liver injury, granulopenia, and positive anti-nuclear and anti-mitochondrial
(AMA-M2) antibodies. Liver biopsy revealed a histological pattern characteristic of drug-induced
liver injury and bone marrow biopsy, the classical picture of metamizole-induced agranulocytosis.
Indeed the in-depth interview of the patient unveiled metamizole consumption over the last two
months. Therefore, we could diagnose metamizole-induced hepato- and myelotoxicity. Accordingly,
steroid therapy led to normalization of liver parameters and stimulation with granulocyte colony-
stimulating factor to leukocyte recovery.

Conclusion:
This case report is intended to increase the awareness of metamizole-associated druginduced
liver injury which should always be kept in mind due to its occasionally life-threatening
course. Diagnosis can be difficult particularly if anamnesis and written records are without hints
for prior metamizole intake.
Evaluation of the Acute and Subacute Toxicity of Aqueous Extract of Coriandrum
sativum L. Seeds in Wistar Rats
Authors: S’hih Youssef , Hinad Ibrahim , Gui Radia El , Elhessni Aboubaker , Mesfioui Abdelhalim , Loukili Abdechahid , Ouahidi Moulay Laarbi 
Published: June 2022

Background:
In traditional herbal medicine, the Coriandrum sativum (CS) seeds are widely used to prevent and/or treat several diseases. Despite this, research into studying its toxicity is very limited.

Objective:
This study aims at studying the acute and subacute toxicity of aqueous extract of coriander seeds (AECS) in Wistar rats.

Methods:
For acute toxicity, five dose levels (500, 1000, 2000, 3000, and 5000mgkg-1bw) are tested per single oral administration. Subacute toxicity for 28 days is achieved by daily oral administration of AECS at doses of 1000, 2000, and 3000mgkg-1bw.

Results:
No deaths or signs were recorded or observed in rats in the five groups and the control
group was after 14 days of acute toxicity study. The results of subacute toxicity revealed that the
administration of AECS caused a significant difference in the body weight of rats at doses of 2000
and 3000mgkg-1
bw, and in the development of movement disturbances, hypoactivity, drowsiness,
weakness, and diarrhea, while histopathological examination showed vascular congestion and inflammation
of the kidneys as well as hepatic necrosis. The haematological profile showed a significant
increase in the number of red and white blood cells, haemoglobin, haematocrit, and a nonsignificant
decrease is noticed in neutrophils at a dose of 3000 mgkg-1
bw.

Conclusion:
AECS should be used with caution as it has caused some signs of toxicity and may affect the liver and kidneys if doses are repeated. However, further studies are needed to verify and clarify the toxic aspect of Coriandrum Sativum L. seeds.
Divulging Incipient SARS-CoV-2 Delta (B.1.617.2) Variant: Possible
Interference with Global Scenario
Authors: Mukherjee Sukhes , Ray Suman Kumar 
Published: June 2022

Abstract:
SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant, also known as lineage B.1.617.2, is a variant of lineage B.1.617
of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. The B.1.617.2 variant was first discovered in India
in December 2020, and by mid-April 2021, it had become the most often reported variant. On May 31,
2021, the World Health Organization (WHO) designated it as the Delta variation. Delta is 40-60%
more transmissible than Alpha and nearly twice as transmissible as the original Wuhan strain of SARSCoV-
2, according to data. According to some evidence, the Delta variation may cause more severe
illness in unprotected people than prior variants. A rapid increase in instances of this variation has been
observed in the United Kingdom, which has been linked to travel from India and community transmission.
WHO reports that the Delta version of COVID-19 has already been found in different countries
throughout the world. According to the available information, the Delta variant appears to increase
transmissibility, secondary attack rate, hospitalization risk, and immune escape. Due to the lack of
data, the possible effects of the Delta variation on vaccination and treatment effectiveness remain unknown.
However, neutralization efficiency in vaccinated people and resistance to monoclonal antibody
therapy of the Delta variant have been documented in recent investigations.
Reducing Proteoglycan Synthesis and NOX Activity by ROCK Inhibitors:
Therapeutic Targets in Atherosclerosis
Authors: Babaahmadi-Rezaei Hossein , Rezaei Maryam , Ghaderi-Zefrehi Hossein , Azizi Masoumeh , Beheshti-Nasab Hasti , Mehta Jawahar Lal 
Published: June 2022

Abstract:
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the arteries characterized by the
accumulation of inflammatory cells in the arterial wall. Hypertension, dyslipidemia, and
hyperglycemia are major risk factors of atherosclerosis. Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK), a
serine/threonine kinase, is a downstream effector of the small GTPase RhoA. ROCK is involved in
different stages of atherosclerosis. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that ROCK signaling
plays vital roles in various cellular functions, such as contraction, migration, and proliferation of
smooth muscle cells. Dysregulation of the ROCK pathway is associated with atherosclerosis and
hypertension. Experimental studies have shown that ROCK inhibitors may have favorable effects in
ameliorating atherosclerosis. ROCK signaling has a role in proteoglycan synthesis through
transactivation of the TGF-β receptor Type I (TβRI) mediated by G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR)
agonists (endothelin-1, angiotensin II and …), and ROCK inhibitors could decrease proteoglycan
synthesis and atherosclerotic plaque formation. Based on the hypothesis that targeting ROCK
pathway may be effective in ameliorating atherosclerosis, we suggest that ROCK inhibitors may have
a potential therapeutic role in inhibition or slowing atherogenesis. However, for this hypothesis more
research is needed.
Linezolid Intoxication with Extreme Lactate Blood Levels Successfully
Treated with Dialytic Treatment in ICU: A Case Report
Authors: Schiavoni Lorenzo , Mattei Alessia , Pascarella Giuseppe , Strumia Alessandro , Nenna Antonio , Chello Massimo , Agrò Felice E. 
Published: June 2022

Introduction:
Lactic acidosis is a rare but life-threatening complication associated with pro-longed linezolid therapy. No specific treatment is suggested, except for antibiotic therapy interruption.

Case Report:
A 70-years-old woman faced severe linezolid intoxication after antibiotics therapy initi-ation for infection of a surgical sternal wound. The patient suffered from a severe increment of blood lactate and thrombocytopenia. She was admitted to ICU twice, and due to dialytic treatment, linezolid and lactate serum levels came back to normality.

Conclusion:
More studies should be conducted to evaluate the human tissue storage sites of linezolid and the influence of various factors on its clearance and plasma concentrations in critically ill patients.