bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A data‐driven ensemble ranking system of production quality across manufacturers—A case study for risk assessment in the solar industry
Authors: Lai Wing Fung , Zwetsloot Inez Maria 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn many production industries, quality assurance and risk analysis are important aspects of the procurement of products. Such analysis often takes the form of during and after production inspections performed by quality assurance companies. These inspections give insight into the quality level of each individual production batch; however, it is also often important to understand a manufacturer's overall production quality and how its quality compares to other manufacturers. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a data‐driven method to rank the production quality across manufacturers. The method is based on data from quality assurance inspections and consists of three steps. In the first step, a failure mode and effects analysis is applied for each individual manufacturer. This results in a risk assessment for identified failure modes. In the second step, the risk assessments are combined to create an overall failure index for each manufacturer. Step 2 can be designed in various ways. To ensure our final ranking is robust to the selected method, in step 3 we combine all methods into a unified rank of each manufacturer. We validate our proposed ensemble ranking method using a case study from the solar industry, where we compare our final ranking with the experts’ knowledge of manufacturer quality. It is shown that our data‐driven method identifies the high‐risk manufacturers in accordance with experts’ knowledge.
Condition‐based preventive maintenance with a yield rate threshold for deteriorating repairable systems
Authors: Huang Yeu‐Shiang , Fang Chih‐Chiang , Wijaya Stevan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractRepairable systems deteriorate with age and usage. In order to maintain acceptable reliability and prevent sudden failures, preventive maintenance (PM) is often applied to such systems. Scheduled PM actions can improve system availability and minimize losses due to breakdowns and failures. However, condition‐based PM is considered more relevant to system status than age‐based PM for deteriorating repairable systems. In this study, we consider the production yield rate as the condition variable when determining the optimal PM schedule. A non‐homogeneous Poisson process is used to describe the system deterioration, and the concept of system effective (virtual) age is also considered to make the proposed model more realistic. Three different condition‐based PM strategies are presented to provide more diverse choices for decision makers in terms of solving problems based on the situation at hand. The results show that the optimal yield rate threshold can reduce system failure while maintaining acceptable system availability and product quality with affordable costs due to a proper PM schedule. Furthermore, the results of the numerical application showed that the maintenance and penalty costs are the most sensitive to the total cost, where the adoption of the proposed PM strategies are more profitable when related costs are low.
Low‐Dimensional Metal‐Halide Perovskites as High‐Performance Materials for Memory Applications
Authors: Guan Xinwei , Lei Zhihao , Yu Xuechao , Lin Chun‐Ho , Huang Jing‐Kai , Huang Chien‐Yu , Hu Long , Li Feng , Vinu Ajayan , Yi Jiabao , Wu Tom 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMetal‐halide perovskites have drawn profuse attention during the past decade, owing to their excellent electrical and optical properties, facile synthesis, efficient energy conversion, and so on. Meanwhile, the development of information storage technologies and digital communications has fueled the demand for novel semiconductor materials. Low‐dimensional perovskites have offered a new force to propel the developments of the memory field due to the excellent physical and electrical properties associated with the reduced dimensionality. In this review, the mechanisms, properties, as well as stability and performance of low‐dimensional perovskite memories, involving both molecular‐level perovskites and structure‐level nanostructures, are comprehensively reviewed. The property–performance correlation is discussed in‐depth, aiming to present effective strategies for designing memory devices based on this new class of high‐performance materials. Finally, the existing challenges and future opportunities are presented.
Injectable Adhesive Hydrogels for Soft tissue Reconstruction: A Materials Chemistry Perspective
Authors: Mondal Pritiranjan , Chakraborty Indranil , Chatterjee Kaushik 
Published: August 2022

AbstractInjectable bioadhesives offer several advantages over conventional staples and sutures in surgery to seal and close incisions or wounds. Despite the growing research in recent years few injectable bioadhesives are available for clinical use. This review summarizes the key chemical features that enable the development and improvements in the use of polymeric injectable hydrogels as bioadhesives or sealants, their design requirements, the gelation mechanism, synthesis routes, and the role of adhesion mechanisms and strategies in different biomedical applications. It is envisaged that developing a deep understanding of the underlying materials chemistry principles will enable researchers to effectively translate bioadhesive technologies into clinically‐relevant products.
How solid–liquid adsorption affects the liquid–vapor interface in pores
Authors: Zhou Junwen , Wei Changfu , Dong Yi 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe augmented Young–Laplace (AYL) equation has been widely used to describe the liquid–vapor interfaces affected by capillarity and adsorption, particularly in nanoporous or clay minerals where strong adsorptive interaction prevails. Still, how adsorption ultimately shapes the liquid–vapor interface in pores remains elusive. All current forms of the AYL equation only consider the attractive van der Waals interaction for complete wetting surface and are mostly an extension of the general equation based on thermodynamic principles without rigorous derivation. In this paper, closed forms of the AYL equations are derived by variational calculus method for two typical pore models considering effects of capillarity and adsorption, based on the minimization of free energy for the equilibrium system. The van der Waals, electrical, and structural forces are incorporated as disjoining pressure into the proposed AYL equations to quantify effects of both attractive and repulsive interactions (hence complete and partial wetting conditions) on interfacial geometry and equilibrium matric potential. Numerical calculation algorithms are established to solve the interfacial geometric profiles and characteristics. The proposed model illustrates a transition region on the interface where geometry and physical characteristics are drastically altered under adsorption compared with sole capillarity. Different surface wettabilities are examined for interface profiles and curvature distributions. An apparent contact angle on the partial wetting surface is identified that is approaching complete wetting as the adsorption dominates when pore size reduces. Water retention and interparticle force demonstrate clear distinctions in their evolution, with different particle sizes and varying half‐filling angles under adsorptive conditions as water volume changes.
A Conceptualized Land Use System and Data to Support Integrated Landscape Assessments in Austria
Authors: Karner Katrin , Mitter Hermine , Schönhart Martin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIntegrated landscape assessments allow to analyze land use systems with high temporal and spatial resolution while considering socioeconomic and biophysical aspects. The proper definition of the land use system at the landscape scale and the availability of input data are prerequisites for such assessments. We develop a conceptualized land use system including farm scale factors, socioeconomic and sociocultural factors as well as environmental factors. We research available data sources related to the land use system and tailored to integrated landscape scale assessments and identify data gaps for Austria as a case study. Finally, we discuss options to improve data availability and quality, e.g., by seeking support from stakeholders. In interdisciplinary research, it is challenging to include all factors relevant to the land use system, and hence careful selection is required according to research scope, scale, and data availability.
Integration of International Female Immigrants in Rural Austria: A Case Study in the Alpine Pinzgau-Pongau Region
Authors: Tunst-Kamleitner Ulrike , Larcher Manuela 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis article analyses the integration process of international immigrant women in the peripheral rural Pinzgau-Pongau region in Salzburg, Austria. Against the background that research on the development of rural regions that neglects the category of gender is of limited significance, a gender-specific perspective is adopted. We conducted nine biographically-oriented guided interviews with women from Syria, Turkey, Lithuania, and Romania to record their subjective experiences and views. The results show that the immigrant women are well educated and highly motivated to learn German and to improve their professional skills. Nevertheless, it remains difficult for them to develop their human capital in the region.
Fazit: Repolitisierung der ‚tiefen‘ Vermarktlichung – das Beispiel öffentliche Auftragsvergabe
Authors: Jaehrling Karen , Stiehm Christin 
Published: August 2022

ZusammenfassungDie Entwicklungen in der öffentlichen Auftragsvergabe lassen sich einerseits als Lehrstück für den übergreifenden Trend einer 'tiefen' Vermarktlichung begreifen, der seit den 1990er Jahren selbst in bereits marktförmig organisierten gesellschaftlichen Teilbereichen eine Intensivierung von Wettbewerbsprinzipien befördert hat. Dennoch ist dies nur ein Teil des Bildes. Denn der rote Faden, der sich durch unsere Befunde zieht, ist trotz allem eine Doppelbewegung von Vermarktlichung und ‚Einbettung‘ (Polanyi) zugunsten gesellschaftlicher Ziele jenseits bloßer ökonomischer Freiheitsrechte. Das liegt wesentlich daran, dass es über alle Schauplätze der Entscheidungsfindung hinweg zu einer (Re-)Politisierung – im Sinne einer Infragestellung, Pluralisierung und Konkurrenz der dort produzierten Normen durch politische und zivilgesellschaftliche Akteure – gekommen ist. Dieser Politisierung an den verschiedenen Schauplätzen der vergabespezifischen Entscheidungsfindung gilt das Hauptaugenmerk dieser Zusammenfassung. Mit dem Begriff der 'variegated de-marketization' wird für eine Forschungsagenda geworben, die sich für die Entwicklungsdynamiken und Erscheinungsformen real existierender Ansätze einernicht-neoliberalenPolitik und Praxis interessiert, ohne zugleich die anhaltenden Effekte der ‚tiefen Vermarktlichung‘ außer Acht zu lassen.
Einführung: Vergaberechtsreformen: Paradigmenwechsel, ‚langer Schatten‘ marktliberaler Rechtsprechung oder ‚institutional layering‘?
Authors: Jaehrling Karen , Stiehm Christin 
Published: August 2022

ZusammenfassungDie umfassende Vergaberechtsmodernisierung, die durch die reformierten europäischen Vergaberechtsrichtlinien aus dem Jahr 2014 in vielen europäischen Ländern eingeleitet wurde, kann als Meilenstein in der Politisierung der öffentlichen Auftragsvergabe bezeichnet werden. Das Ergebnis der Vergaberechtsmodernisierung wird allerdings von den beteiligten Akteuren wie auch in der Literatur recht unterschiedlich gewürdigt. Dokumentiert die Reform einen ‚Paradigmenwechsel‘ zugunsten der sozial verantwortlichen Auftragsvergabe? Oder dominiert auch hier letzten Endes der „lange Schatten“ der marktliberalen Rechtsprechung des Europäischen Gerichtshofs (Schmidt 2018)? Die Analyse in diesem Teil verdeutlicht, dass die Gesetzesentwicklung sich als Doppelbewegung aus ‚Sozialpolitisierung‘ und Vermarktlichung der Auftragsvergabe kennzeichnen lässt. Die beiden Entwicklungslinien lösen einander nicht ab, sondern überlagern sich eher und bestehen bis heute nebeneinander her.
Einführung: Vergabepraxis als ‘Street-level Market Making’
Authors: Jaehrling Karen , Stiehm Christin 
Published: August 2022

ZusammenfassungDer zweite Teil des Buchs widmet sich der Vergabepraxis und stellt den Schwerpunkt unserer eigenen Untersuchung dar. Diese Schwerpunktsetzung beruht auf der grundlegenden Annahme, dass Märkte nicht lediglich durch einschlägige Gesetzegestaltet werden, sondern auch durch die alltäglichen Entscheidungen und Interaktionen der Verwaltung mit Akteuren, die von diesen Entscheidungen betroffen sind. ‚Market making‘ ist mit anderen Worten zu guten Teilen ‚street-level market making‘: Auf den unteren Politik- und Verwaltungsebenen, die das vergabespezifische Regelwerk anwenden, wird wesentlich mit darüber bestimmt, wie stark der Preiswettbewerb um staatliche Aufträge eingeschränkt oder intensiviert wird. Unsere Analyse der Vergabepraxis schließt damit an eine Reihe von Studien zum beruflichen Ethos öffentlich Bediensteter unter dem Einfluss von Vermarktlichung oder ‚Ökonomisierung‘ an, die in diesem Kapitel kurz rekapituliert werden. Sie erweitert diese Perspektive aber, indem sie nach den Werthaltungen, Dilemmata und Handlungspraktiken fragt, die sich aus der skizziertenDoppelbewegungvon Vermarktlichung und Sozialpolitisierung ergeben.
Accumulation-point amplitudes in string theory
Authors: Maldacena Juan , Remmen Grant N. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We point out some common qualitative features of the Coon amplitude — a family of deformations of the Veneziano amplitude with logarithmic Regge trajectories — and the open string scattering amplitude for strings ending on a D-brane in AdS. Both reduce to the Veneziano amplitude at relatively low energies. Both systems have an accumulation point in their spectrum, with an infinite number of states below a certain energy. The approach to this point is very similar. Both have the same high-energy fixed-angle behavior. Nevertheless, we find some differences in the spectrum of states with highest angular momentum. These similarities suggest that there may exist a string background that realizes the Coon amplitude.
The evolution of Hooke’s law under finite plastic deformations for fiber-reinforced materials
Authors: Stahn Oliver , Bertram Albrecht , Müller Wolfgang H. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWhen an elastoplastic material undergoes large plastic deformations, the elastic law and particularly the stiffness tetrad will evolve. This evolution is strongly dependent on the particular material. In the present paper, we consider a fiber-reinforced composite with fibers in different distinct directions. These directions introduce the anisotropy into the material behavior, particularly into the elastic law. Under plastic deformations, these directions are deformed together with the material (in contrast to crystal plasticity). This effect is called material plasticity and gives the basis for our new method. It consists of superimposing transversely isotropic stiffnesses for each fiber direction at any stage of the deformation process. A comparison for different composites and deformation paths shows the range of applicability of this method.
An approach to weld dissimilar polycarbonate and high-density polyethylene by friction stir spot welding
Authors: Sidhom Andro , Naga Soheir , Kamal Ahmed 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe friction stir spot welding of polymeric materials has been examined extensively; conversely, only a few researchers have addressed the friction stir spot welding of dissimilar polymers. In this study, the possibility of friction stir spot welding of dissimilar polycarbonate to high-density polyethylene is examined, which has not been previously investigated. The influence of welding parameters, namely, tool rotational speed and dwell time, was investigated experimentally, whereas the plunging depth, plunging rate, and tool geometry were kept constant during all tests. The induced temperature and the weld lap shear force were recorded and analyzed. Both materials are welded successfully by friction stir spot welding. At 2300 rpm and 40 s dwell time when the polycarbonate sheet was on the top, the maximum lap shear force of 0.37 kN was obtained. The findings demonstrated that an effective weld might be attained at a moderate frictional heating temperature slightly below the melting temperature Tm and glass transition temperature Tg of both welded materials. At very low temperatures, poor weld quality was obtained. When temperatures extensively increased, the results deteriorated to exhibit weak joint lap shear values because of the presence of cavities and pores in the weld junction.
Analytic Smoothing and Nekhoroshev Estimates for Hölder Steep Hamiltonians
Authors: Barbieri Santiago , Marco Jean-Pierre , Massetti Jessica Elisa 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn this paper we prove the first result of Nekhoroshev stability for steep Hamiltonians in Hölder class. Our new approach combines the classical theory of normal forms in analytic category with an improved smoothing procedure to approximate an Hölder Hamiltonian with an analytic one. It is only for the sake of clarity that we consider the (difficult) case of Hölder perturbations of an analytic integrable Hamiltonian, but our method is flexible enough to work in many other functional classes, including the Gevrey one. The stability exponents can be taken to be $$(\ell -1)/(2n{\varvec{\alpha }}_1...{\varvec{\alpha }}_{n-2})+1/2$$

(
ℓ
-
1
)

/

(
2
n

α

1

.
.
.

α

n
-
2

)

+
1
/
2

for the time of stability and $$1/(2n{\varvec{\alpha }}_1...{\varvec{\alpha }}_{n-1})$$

1
/
(
2
n

α

1

.
.
.

α

n
-
1

)

for the radius of stability, n being the dimension, $$\ell >n+1$$

ℓ
>
n
+
1

being the regularity and the $${\varvec{{\alpha }}}_i$$

α

i

’s being the indices of steepness. Crucial to obtain the exponents above is a new non-standard estimate on the Fourier norm of the smoothed function. As a byproduct we improve the stability exponents in the $$C^k$$

C
k

class, with integer k.
Annual movements of a migratory seabird—the NW European red-throated diver (Gavia stellata)—reveals high individual repeatability but low migratory connectivity
Authors: Kleinschmidt Birgit , Burger Claudia , Bustamante Paco , Dorsch Monika , Heinänen Stefan , Morkūnas Julius , Žydelis Ramūnas , Nehls Georg , Quillfeldt Petra 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn this study, the annual movements of a seabird species, the red-throated diver (Gavia stellata), were investigated in space and time. Between 2015 and 2017, 33 individuals were fitted with satellite transmitters at the German Bight (eastern North Sea). In addition, stable isotope analyses of feathers (δ13C) were used to identify staging areas during the previous moult. The German Bight is an important area for this species, but is also strongly affected by anthropogenic impacts. To understand how this might affect populations, we aimed to determine the degree of connectivity and site fidelity, and the extent to which seasonal migrations vary among different breeding locations in the high Arctic. Tagged individuals migrated to Greenland (n = 2), Svalbard (n = 2), Norway (n = 4) and northern Russia (n = 25). Although individuals from a shared breeding region (northern Russia) largely moved along the same route, individuals dispersed to different, separate areas during the non-breeding phase. Kernel density estimates also overlapped only partially, indicating low connectivity. The timing of breeding was correlated with the breeding longitude, with 40 days later arrival at the easternmost than westernmost breeding sites. Repeatability analyses between years revealed a generally high individual site fidelity with respect to spring staging, breeding and moulting sites. In summary, low connectivity and the distribution to different sites suggests some resilience to population decline among subpopulations. However, it should be noted that the majority of individuals breeding in northern Russia migrated along a similar route and that disturbance in areas visited along this route could have a greater impact on this population. In turn, individual site fidelity could indicate low adaptability to environmental changes and could lead to potential carry-over effects. Annual migration data indicate that conservation planning must consider all sites used by such mobile species.
Typical median effective radiation doses using an anthropomorphic bone fracture phantom for initial radiographic skeletal surveys in the investigation of suspected physical abuse
Authors: Doyle Edel , Dimmock Matthew R. , Lee Kam L. , Thomas Peter , Bassed Richard B. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
A series of 31 radiographs is recommended by the Royal College of Radiologists (RCR) when investigating suspected physical abuse (SPA).

Objective
To determine the radiation dose delivered for skeletal surveys performed for SPA in Victorian radiology departments based on their local protocols.

Materials and methods
A 5-year-old paediatric bone fracture phantom was radiographed at five radiology sites using both the RCR recommended protocol and, where applicable, the local departmental SPA protocol. The radiation doses were measured and recorded. These were scaled down to estimate the effective radiation doses for a 2-year-old child at each site and the associated radiation risks estimated.

Results
The median effective dose for all radiographic projections in the RCR skeletal survey radiographic series was 0.09 mSv. The estimated risk of radiation-induced cancer and radiation-induced death from cancer for 2-year-old children is classified as “very low,” with girls having a higher risk than boys.

Conclusion
The median effective radiation dose for the RCR skeletal survey for imaging in SPA was 0.09 mSv resulting in a “very low” additional risk of radiation-induced cancer. The authors will now aim to ascertain whether whole-body CT skeletal survey can replace the radiographic series for imaging in SPA while maintaining a comparable radiation dose.