bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Expression Pattern of Pyroptosis-Related Genes Predicts the Prognosis and Drug Response of Skin Cutaneous Melanoma
Authors: Zhou Bin , Sha Shanshan , Tao Juan , Li Jun , Shen Chen , Zhu Jinjin , Tan Lulu , Dong Liyun , Huang Changzheng 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Skin cutaneous melanoma (SKCM) is a highly malignant tumor that typically undergoes early metastasis. Pyroptosis, as a special programmed cell death process that releases inflammatory factors and has been widely studied in tumors, but its role in SKCM has not been fully elucidated. In this present study, we examined the relationship between pyroptosis and the prognosis of SKCM through bioinformatic analysis of RNA-sequencing data. Our results demonstrated that pyroptosis is a protective factor associated with SKCM prognosis. A higher pyroptosis score was associated with a more favorable overall survival (OS). We used weighted gene co-expression networks analysis (WGCNA) to establish an effective prognosis prediction model based on 12 pyroptosis-related genes. We then validated it in two independent cohorts. Furthermore, a nomogram combining clinicopathological characteristics and a pyroptosis-related gene signature (PGS) score was designed to effectively predict the prognosis of SKCM. Additionally, we analyzed the potential roles of pyroptosis in the tumor immune microenvironment and drug response. Interestingly, we found that the elevated infiltration of multiple immune cells, such as CD4+T cells, CD8+T cells, dendritic cells, and M1 macrophages, may be associated with the occurrence of pyroptosis. Pyroptosis was also related to a better response of these lesions to interferon-α, paclitaxel, cisplatin and imatinib. Through Spearman correlation analysis of the 12 pyroptosis-related genes and 135 chemotherapeutic agents in the Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer database, we identified SLC31A2 and COL4A5 as being associated with resistance to most of these drugs. In conclusion, the PGS is an effective prognostic indicator in SKCM, and also has an association with the SKCM immune microenvironment and drug response.
Lysophosphatidic acid modulates CD8 T cell immunosurveillance, metabolism, and anti-tumor immunity
Authors: Turner Jacqueline , Fredrickson Malia , D'Antonio Marc , MacBeth Morgan , Gulick Robert Van , Katsnelson Elizabeth , Chimed Tugs-Saikhan , McCarter Martin , D'Alessandro Angelo , Robinson William , Couts Kasey , Pelanda Roberta , Tobin Richard , Torres Raul 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a bioactive lipid which increases in concentration locally and systemically across different cancer types. Yet, the exact mechanism(s) of how LPA affects CD8 T cell immunosurveillance during tumor progression remain unknown. We show LPA receptor (LPAR) signaling by CD8 T cells promotes tolerogenic states via metabolic reprogramming and potentiating exhaustive differentiation to modulate anti-tumor immunity. We found LPA levels predict response to immunotherapy and Lpar5 signaling drives exhausted phenotypes on CD8 T cells. Importantly, we identify a novel function of Lpar5 to regulate CD8 T cell respiration, proton leak, and reactive oxygen species. Together, our findings reveal that LPA serves as a lipid-regulated immune checkpoint by modulating metabolic efficiency through LPAR5 signaling on CD8 T cells. Our study offers key insights into the mechanisms governing adaptive anti-tumor immunity and demonstrates LPA could be exploited as a novel T cell directed therapy to improve dysfunctional anti-tumor immunity.
Tumor-associated macrophages and Schwann cells promote perineural invasion via paracrine loop in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Zhang Bin , Guo Xiaofeng , Ye Huilin , Huang Leyi , Zhang Yuting , Li Zhiguo , Su Dan , Lin Longfa , Zhou Peng , Lu Yanan , Chen Rufu , Zhou Quanbo 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is frequently accompanied by perineural invasion (PNI), which has been associated with excruciating neuropathic pain and malignant progression. However, the relationship between PNI and tumor stromal cells has not been clarified.
Results
We show that more macrophages are expressed around nerves with PNI compared with normal nerves in murine and human PNI specimens. Besides, tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) promote the activation of Schwann cells by upregulating the expression of GFAP. Mechanistically, TAMs activate Schwann cells through bFGF/PI3K/Akt/ c-myc/GFAP pathway. In turn, Schwann cells secrete IL-33 to recruit macrophages into the perineural milieu and facilitate the M2 pro-tumorigenic polarization of macrophages. Besides, high expression of macrophage marker CD68 or activated schwann cells marker GFAP is associated with an increased incidence of PNI and indicates a poor prognosis for PDAC patients.
Conclusions
Our study demonstrates that the bFGF/IL-33 positive feedback loop between Schwann cells and TAMs is essential in the process of PNI of PDAC. The bFGF/PI3K/Akt/c-myc/GFAP pathway would open potential avenues for targeted therapy of PDAC.
Effects of boric acid on alveolar sockets filling after dental extraction in rats
Authors: Costa Renan R. da , Cunha Gabriela da , Freitas Raquel D. S. , Weber João B. B. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose: After extraction, dental alveolus filling aims to reduce bone loss and maintain the alveolus volume to patient rehabilitation. Boric acid (BA) is a boron-derived compound that displays osteogenic properties, being an interesting candidate for alveoli filling. This study aims to investigate the osteogenic capacity of the local application of BA in dental socket preservation.
Methods:32 male Wistar rats were submitted to right upper incisor extraction and randomly divided in 4 groups (n=8): control group (no intervention), BA (8 mg/kg) socket filling, bone graft (Cerabone®, Botiss, Germany), and BA + bone graft in equal parts. Animals were euthanized 28 days after dental extraction. MicroCT and histological analysis were performed to evaluate the newly formed bone on the dental alveolus.
Results: MicroCT analysis demonstrated that bone volume fraction (BV/TV), bone surface (BS), bone surface/bone volume ratio (BS/BV), bone surface density (BS/TV), trabecular thickness (Tb.Th), total bone porosity (Po-tot), and total volume of pore space (Po.V(tot)) from BA and BA + bone graft rats were significantly different from the control group. Histological evaluation displayed a delayed bone repair in BA rats, with the presence of connective tissue and inflammatory infiltrate. The BA + bone graft group demonstrated histological aspects like the bone graft animals, however, with less organized osteoblasts, suggesting inferior bone repair.
Conclusion:Osteogenic capacity did not depend on the BA local application after 28 days of dental extraction. The presence of inflammation in the BA group can represent toxicity induced by the substance dosage used.
Effect of various types of gut microbiota in patients on the diminished ovarian reserve
Authors: Li Gaoyu , Jiao Jiao , Xiang Shasha , Dong Sitong , Fu Lingjie , Zuo Na , Guan Wenzheng , Li Weishang , Miao Lei , Yao Weifan , Feng Tao , Li Da , Zhu Xuan , Wang Xiuxia 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) is a type of reproductive endocrine disease associated with infertility and premature menopause due to the decline in the number and quality of oocytes. In recent years, studies have been conducted on the relationship between gut microbiota and reproductive health, our objective was to find a solid relationship between gut microbiota and DOR.
Methods
After rigorous inclusion criteria, 34 women with DOR and 30 normal ovarian reserve controls were recruited at the Reproductive Medical Center of Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University from March to December 2021. Serum levels of AMH, basal sex hormones, AFC, gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids were measured in two groups.
Results
Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) sequencing technology and gas chromatography was introduced to find a significant difference of the composition and metabolites of gut microbiota between DOR and healthy individuals. After careful comparison of Prevotella/Bacteroides frequencies, we found that individuals with Prevotella /Bacteroides > 0.01 had a higher possibility with DOR. In addition, receiver operating characteristic and spearman correlation analysis were applied to identify butyrate and isobutyrate as a mark to predict the risk of DOR. After canonical correlation analysis, we found that in patients with Prevotella enterotype, Akkermansia muciniphila and Enterobacteria could be considered as harmful bacteria. Based on the above results, an intervention was conducted on six patients who suffered from DOR. After 28 day intervention, the concentration of Enterobacteria and isobutyrate were significantly reduced, meanwhile the amounts of Bifidobacteria were significantly increased. Finally, the concentrations of antral follicle count (AFC) were increased and two thirds of them were successfully pregnant.
Conclusions
In summary, we defined population with Prevotella/Bacteroides > 0.01 as Prevotella enterotype and found that Prevotella enterotype was closely related to DOR. Akkermansia muciniphila, Enterobacteria, Bifidobacteria, butyrate, and isobutyrate could be used as biomarkers to predict the ovarian reserve in two enterotypes. And different dietary interventions for two enterotypes and have demonstrated significant clinical effects.
Diagnostic value of artificial intelligence-assisted system for pulmonary nodules: a retrospective observational study
Authors: Zhuo Yue , Liu Jingyu , Li Tian , Wu Jiuchun , Yu Yunda 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background: To evaluate the diagnostic value of artificial intelligence-assisted system (AIAS) for pulmonary nodules.
Method: This observational study retrospectively enrolled patients with pulmonary nodules with clear pathological findings in the Third Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University between July 2019 and May 2021. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) and multivariate logistic regression model were used to evaluate the value of AIAS in the qualitative diagnosis of pulmonary nodules.
Result: A total of 112 pulmonary nodules were enrolled in this study, the degree of pulmonary nodules invasion were resulted in benign nodules (35 cases, 31.2%) and malignant nodules (77 cases, 68.8%). There were significant differences between nodules in the benign and malignant groups in terms of age (P = 0.005), average of CT value (P = 0.030), nodule volume (P < 0.001) and malignant signs on the nodule surface (P < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the nodule volume (OR = 1.007, 95% CI: 1.003~1.010, P < 0.001) and malignant signs (OR = 7.983, 95% CI: 1.667~38.231, P = 0.009) were independent risk factors for the degree of pulmonary nodules invasion. The sensitivity and specificity of the nodule volume for diagnosing the degree of pulmonary nodules invasion were 83.3% and 88.6% when the nodal volume was 748.98 mm3. Moreover, the malignant signs could diagnose the degree of pulmonary nodules invasion with a sensitivity of 85.7% and a specificity of 71.4%. The nature of the pulmonary nodules identified by AIAS agreed well with the pathological findings by Kappa concordance test (Kappa value = 0.809, P < 0.05).
Conclusion: The AIAS may have good accuracy in the qualitative diagnosis of pulmonary nodules and might be used as an auxiliary diagnostic tool for clinicians to distinguish benign and malignant pulmonary nodules.
Classification No. of China Map: R734.2
Perioperative TAVR Leads to Higher Rates of Inpatient Mortality in Hip Fracture Patients
Authors: Pujari Amit , Yalamanchili Dheeraj R. , Garlich John M. , Debbi Eytan M. , Stephan Stephen R. , Johnson Christopher R. , Polakof Landon S. , Noorzad Ali S. , Lin Carol A. , Moon Charles N. , Little Milton T.M. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has emerged as a minimally invasive method to treat severe aortic stenosis and has been utilized in select hip fracture patients as part of their medical optimization for surgery. We compared complication rates in hip fracture patients with aortic stenosis who had perioperative TAVR (TAS) to those who did not (AS).
Methods
A retrospective review of 81 consecutive hip fracture patients with aortic stenosis (TAS: 10, AS: 71) admitted between 2014–2018 at a level 1 trauma center was performed. The outcomes of the study were inpatient mortality, postoperative complications, and length of stay (LOS).
Results
The average age of the TAS cohort was 89 years old, compared to 90 for the AS cohort (P = 0.382). Overall inpatient complications trended higher in the TAS group with 90%, compared to 62% in the AS group (P = 0.152). Amongst complications, transfusion rate was significantly higher for the TAS cohort (70% versus 30%; P = 0.027), as well as inpatient mortality rate (30% versus 4.2%; P = 0.022). Average LOS for the TAS group was 10 days versus 6 days in the AS group (P = 0.013).
Conclusion
The TAS cohort had a higher transfusion rates, longer LOS, and a higher inpatient mortality rate. Overall complication rates trended higher for the TAVR cohort.
Trial Registration:
Retrospectively registered.
Performance of Manufacturer Cleaning Recommendations Applied to 3D Food Ink Capsules for the Control of a Human Norovirus Surrogate
Authors: Hamilton Allyson N. , Gibson Kristen E. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
With the widespread availability of 3D food printing systems for purchase, users can customize their food in new ways. Manufacturer recommendations for cleaning these machines remain untested in regard to the prevention of foodborne pathogen transmission. This study aimed to determine if manufacturer cleaning recommendations for food ink capsules utilized in 3D food printers are adequate to control human norovirus (HuNoV). A HuNoV surrogate, Tulane virus (TuV; ~6 log10 PFU/mL), was inoculated onto the interior surface of stainless steel food ink capsules. Capsules were either unsoiled or soiled with one of the following: butter, protein powder solution, powdered sugar solution, or a mixture containing all three food components. The capsules were allowed to dry and then one of three hygienic protocols was applied: manual washing (MW), a dishwasher speed cycle (DSC), or a dishwasher heavy cycle (DHC). The interaction effect between DSC and pure butter was a significant predictor of log reduction (P = 0.0067), with the pure butter and DSC combination achieving an estimated mean log reduction of 4.83 (95% CI: 4.13, 5.59). The DSC was the least effective method of cleaning when compared with MW and the DHC. The 3-way interaction effects between wash type, soil, and capsule position were a significant predictor of log reduction (P = 0.00341). Capsules with butter in the DSC achieved an estimated mean log reduction of 2.81 (95% CI: 2.80, 2.83) for the front-most position versus 6.35 (95% CI: 6.33, 6.37) for the back-most position. Soil matrix, cleaning protocol, and capsule position all significantly impact capsule cleanability and potential food safety risk. The DHC is recommended for all capsules, and the corners should be avoided when placing capsules into the dishwasher. The current study seeks to provide recommendations for users of AM and 3D food printing including consumers, restaurants, industry, and regulatory industries.
Effects of dietary Eucommia ulmoides leaf extract on growth, muscle composition, hepatopancreas histology, immune responses and microcystin-LR resistance of juvenile red claw crayfish (Cherax quadricarinatus)
Authors: Lu Yao-Peng , Zheng Pei-Hua , Xu Jia-Rui , Cao Yan-Lei , Li Jun-Tao , Hao Chen-Guang , Zhang Ze-Long , Xian Jian-An , Zhang Xiu-Xia , Wang An-Li 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of different doses of dietaryEucommia ulmoidesleaf extract (ELE) on juvenile red claw crayfish. A total number of 720 red claw crayfish (initial body weight of 0.24 ± 0.01 g) were randomly assigned to six groups and fed diets containing 0 (Diet 1), 0.5 (Diet 2), 1 (Diet 3), 2 (Diet 4), 4 (Diet 5) and 10 (Diet 6) g kg-1 of ELE for 8 weeks and challenged with microcystin-LR stress. The results indicated that dietary supplementation with 1–2 g kg-1 ELE could significantly improve the weight gain rate (WGR) and specific growth rate (SGR) of crayfish. Muscle crude protein contents of crayfish fed Diet 2, Diet 3 and Diet 4 were significantly higher than those of the control group. Compared with the control group, dietary ELE could increase total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), acid phosphatase (ACP), alkaline phosphatase (AKP) and phenoloxidase (PO) activities and decrease malondialdehyde (MDA) level of crayfish. Dietary ELE significantly increased the relative expression levels of SOD, thioredoxin 1 (TRX1), GPx, selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase (Se-GPx), cytochrome P450 (CYP450), anti-lipopolysaccharide factor (ALF) and C-type lysozyme (C-LZM) mRNA of crayfish compared with the control group during the feeding experiment. When subjected to MC-LR stress for 48 hours, the mRNA expression levels of SOD, GPx, Se-GPx, glutathione-s-transferase 1 (GST1), ALF, hemocyanin (HEM) and C-LZM in the hepatopancreas could be improved to varying degrees compared with the control group. Supplementation of 1–2 g kg-1 ELE in the feed could improve the survival rate (SR) of crayfish under MC-LR stress. These results indicated that dietary ELE (1–2 g kg-1) could improve the growth performance, muscle protein and non-specific immune response and increase the SR of crayfish under MC-LR stress by regulating the mRNA expression levels of the immune- and antioxidant-related genes.
Efficacy and safety of synbiotics in patients undergoing autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: A prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study
Authors: Mizutani Yu , Kawamoto Shinichiro , Takahashi Michiko , Doi Hisayo , Wakida Kumiko , Tabuchi Satoko , Tanda Masaaki , Soga Akihiro , Chijiki Ruri , Takakura Hidetomo , Kawaguchi Koji , Higashime Ako , Watanabe Marika , Ichikawa Hiroya , Matsumoto Sakuya , Sakai Rina , Goto Hideaki , Kurata Keiji , Kakiuchi Seiji , Miyata Yoshiharu , Uryu Kiyoaki , Inui Yumiko , Kitao Akihito , Yakushijin Kimikazu , Matsuoka Hiroshi , Minami Hironobu 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of synbiotics, including live microorganisms and non-digestible food ingredients, in patients undergoing high-dose chemotherapy followed by autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (auto-HSCT). This prospective, randomized, double-blind study, included patients with malignant lymphoma eligible for auto-HSCT. The patients were randomized to either a synbiotic group receiving Bifidobacterium longum (BB536) and guar gum or a placebo group receiving a placebo including dextrin. The supplements were administered twice daily from the start of conditioning chemotherapy up to 28 days after auto-HSCT. The primary endpoint was the duration of total parenteral nutrition (TPN). The secondary endpoint was safety. A total of 12 patients were included and randomized. The median duration of TPN was 15 days (range, 12–33 days) in the synbiotic group and 17.5 days (range, 0–32 days) in the placebo group, with no clear difference between the two groups. The median duration of grade 3 or higher diarrhea was shorter in the synbiotic group (2.5 vs. 6.5 days), as was the duration of hospital stay (31.5 vs. 43 days). Oral intake and quality of life regarding diarrhea and anorexia improved in the synbiotic group after engraftment. Synbiotic infections, including bacteremia, were not observed. Synbiotics may reduce gastrointestinal toxicity leading to nutritional problems and improve the quality of life of patients undergoing auto-HSCT, without severe adverse events. (The Japan Registry of Clinical Trials, No. jRCTs051180026.)
Compression and energy absorption properties of the novel truss-like lightweight material based on space group P6mm
Authors: Ma Zhenhao , Ma Wensuo , Ma Zhenyu 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Truss-like lightweight materials (TLMs) are a type of porous materials which have been widely used in aeronautics and astronautics because of excellent mechanical property and superior energy absorption capability, and these properties could be influenced by its meso-structure. Therefore, the meso-structure design is a critical task to develop high-performance TLMs. A novel meso-structure of TLM was deduced based on the symmetric operations of the space group P6mm. The mechanical model of the novel TLM was established to theoretically investigate its compression property, and it was found that the relative density and compression property of the novel TLM could be increased with the diameter-to-length ratio (d/l) and inclination angle (α) of strut. The equivalent elastic modulus, yield load and yield stress of the novel TLM could be predicted by theoretical analysis and verified by finite element analysis. The simulation results showed that the novel TLMs with varied relative densities have different loading capacity but the same failure mode. The compression and energy absorption properties of the novel TLM could be improved by increasing the structural relative density. In addition, this study indicated the novel TLM has better compression and energy absorption properties at the same relative density compared with other TLMs such as BCC and FCC, and its equivalent elastic modulus at the same relative density increased by 324.3% and 15.5%, respectively.
Experimental investigation on the hazard of geyser created by an entrapped air release in baffle-drop shafts
Authors: Yang Qinghua , Yang Qian 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The geyser phenomenon seriously threatens the safe operation of deep tunnel drainage systems and drop shaft structural safety. To simulate the geyser process in a baffle-drop shaft, a 1:50 scale model test system was used to research the response relationship between the geyser mechanism and test parameters such as water depth, inlet pressure, and inlet volume. The results show that the pressure in a baffle-drop shaft fluctuates sharply during the geyser process. This is caused by the release of a high-pressure air mass, and high-speed movement of the air–water mixture causes a local pressure imbalance in the drop shaft. A prediction formula for the maximum geyser height of a baffle-drop shaft was established by a multiple linear regression model. Geyser occurrence conditions for the baffle-drop shaft were proposed combined with the response relationship between different influence variables and geyser intensity. Except for the inlet pressure, submerged state of the baffles, and measured location, the hydrodynamic load on the bottom of the baffles is also related to the randomness of the air–water mixture jetted on the baffle bottom. The maximum hydrodynamic load on the baffle bottom during the geyser is 10 times the hydrodynamic load on the baffle surface under normal discharge conditions. This research provides a theoretical reference for the structural design and safe operation of baffle-drop shafts.