bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH VARIASI CARBOMER DAN GLISERIN TERHADAP KUALITAS HAND SANITIZER EKSTRAK ALOE VERA
Authors: Putra I Gusti Ngurah Agung Windra Wartana , Hita I Putu Gede Adi Purwa , Septiari I Gusti Ayu Agung , Sutema Ida Ayu Manik Partha 
Published: March 2022

Kondisi pandemi COVID-19 membuat penggunaan hand sanitizer dimasyarakat menjadi meningkat. Kepraktisan merupakan salah satu alasan masyarakat lebih mengunakan sediaan antiseptik hand sanitizer dibanding membersihkan tangan dengan sabun dan air mengalir. Tingginya penggunaan hand sanitizer membuat perlu adanya inovasi produk sehingga dapat memberikan kepuasan masyarakat yang lebih maksimal. Inovasi yang sering dilakukan oleh formulator adalah inovasi formula yang terkait pembaharuan bahan bahan dalam sediaan untuk meningkatkan kualitas dari suatu produk. Dalam melakukan inovasi, perlu melewati berbagai tahapan tahapan pengujian untuk mengetahui sifat fisika dan kimia dari sediaan sehingga didapatkan sediaan hand sanitizer yang berkualitas. Penelitian ini merupakan tahapan pendahuluan dalam inovasi yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh yang dominan dari formula gelling agent carbomer dan humektan gliserin terhadap sifat fisika dan kimia dari hand sanitizer gel ekstrak lidah buaya. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian eksperimental dimana dibuat 8 formula dengan variasi gelling agent carbomer dan humektan gliserin. Kemudian dilakukan pengukuran sifat fisika dan kimia seperti viskositas, daya sebar dan pH. Data dari hasil sifat viskositas sediaan gel menghasilkan persamaan polinomial Y = 85148.37(A) + 109.16 (B) – 32936.27 (A)(B). Dari sifat daya sebar sediaan gel menghasilkan persamaan polinomial Y = -17.63 (A) + 6.69 (B) + 4.60 (A)(B). Dari hasil uji pH ke 8 formula, rata rata nilai pH yang didapat yaitu 6.8. Dari hasil penelitian dapat diperoleh kesimpulan yaitu komponen carbomer memberikan pengaruh yang dominan dibanding komponen gliserin terhadap kenaikan viskositas gel dengan nilai koefisien pengaruh sebesar 85.148.37 dan memberikan pengaruh negatif terhadap nilai daya sebar gel dengan nilai koefisien pengaruh sebesar -17.63.
The Solar Neighborhood. XLIX. New Discoveries and Orbits of M-dwarf Multiples with Speckle Interferometry at SOAR
Authors: Vrijmoet Eliot Halley , Tokovinin Andrei , Henry Todd J. , Winters Jennifer G. , Horch Elliott , Jao Wei-Chun 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We present the first results of a multiyear program to map the orbits of M-dwarf multiples within 25 pc. The observations were conducted primarily during 2019–2020 using speckle interferometry at the Southern Astrophysical Research Telescope in Chile, using the High-Resolution Camera mounted on the adaptive optics module (HRCam+SAM). The sample of nearby M dwarfs is drawn from three sources: multiples from the RECONS long-term astrometric monitoring program at the SMARTS 0.9 m; known multiples, for which these new observations will enable or improve orbit fits; and candidate multiples flagged by their astrometric fits in Gaia Data Release 2 (DR2). We surveyed 333 of our 338 M dwarfs via 830 speckle observations, detecting companions for 63% of the stars. Most notably, this includes new companions for 76% of the subset selected from Gaia DR2. In all, we report the first direct detections of 97 new stellar companions to the observed M dwarfs. Here we present the properties of those detections, the limits of each nondetection, and five orbits with periods 0.67–29 yr already observed as part of this program. Companions detected have projected separations of 0.″024–2.″0 (0.25–66 au) from their primaries and have ΔI ≲ 5.0 mag. This multiyear campaign will ultimately map complete orbits for nearby M dwarfs with periods up to 3 yr, and provide key epochs to stretch orbital determinations for binaries to 30 yr.
De « chiens de garde » à traducteurs de signaux : sur la relation entre les journalistes économiques et les sources du monde de la politique monétaire
Authors: Lamoureux Samuel 
Published: March 2022

Cet article s’intéresse à la relation entre les journalistes économiques et les sources du monde de la politique monétaire, et ce plus particulièrement lors de la publication du Rapport sur la politique monétaire par la Banque du Canada. Cette relation est analysée en termes d’asymétrie et de collaboration : les sources de la Banque du Canada et les économistes des banques privées s’imposent comme un passage obligé lors du travail de couverture, mais les journalistes tirent également profit de cette collaboration car celle-ci leur permet d’être plus efficaces et de gagner du temps. La politique monétaire est très peu propice au travail d’enquête car les journalistes économiques considèrent que leur rôle n’est pas de critiquer ou de surveiller la banque centrale, mais bien de « traduire » ses signaux vers le public.
Les suicides des résistants de France 1940-1944
Authors: Sautel Déborah 
Published: March 2022

Au cours de la Seconde Guerre mondiale, une centaine de résistants environ se sont suicidés en France. S’il est souvent affirmé qu’ils se sont donné la mort pour protéger leurs camarades, leurs suicides n’en constituent pas moins un phénomène complexe. Il s’agit d’abord de montrer en quoi les suicides sont corrélés tant à l’intensification de la répression qu’à ses différentes formes. Sont ensuite examinés les problèmes moraux concernant les suicides vis-à-vis des camarades, de la famille des résistants et de leur religion. Enfin, l’influence des circonstances et des lieux (maquis, salles d’interrogatoire, prisons, etc.) sur les modalités des suicides est démontrée. L’article vise ainsi à donner un aperçu d’ensemble des causes des suicides des résistants lors du conflit mondial.
« L’enfant et la solitude » de René Maran : réflexions génétiques
Authors: Little Roger 
Published: March 2022

En l’absence d’une version imprimée, cette étude présente une analyse du poème de René Maran « L’Enfant et la Solitude » que l’on connaît grâce à deux manuscrits conservés à la Bibliothèque municipale de Bordeaux et, sur la base de modifications stylistiques, suggère un ordre chronologique.
Experimental Evaluation of Amphoteric and Switchable Surfactants for Improving Foam Performance Under Harsh Reservoir Conditions
Authors: Xiong Ding , Ahmed Shehzad , Alameri Waleed , Al-Shalabi Emad W. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Foam injection is designed to reduce the effects of high reservoir heterogeneities and fluid viscosity contrasts during gas flooding, and hence, improve sweep efficiency. However, harsh reservoir conditions in the Middle Eastern reservoirs pose a serious problem to foam stability, leading to a poor mobility control for foam injection. In this study, different surfactant types and their combinations were tested to screen and optimize foam performance in harsh salinity (20 wt%) at high pressure and high temperature (HPHT) conditions (1000 psi and 80 °C) based on series of bulk foam experiments. For this purpose, different commercial amphoteric and amine-based switchable surfactants were utilized and their compatibility in 20 wt% brine were ensured at HPHT conditions. Initial screening was performed by conducting series of foam stability and foaming ability tests at high temperature. The surface tension and surfactant solution rheology tests were performed to analyze foam behavior. The mixtures of amphoteric and amine-based surfactants were then investigated to improve bulk foam performance. Foam stability and foam texture at different foam qualities under HPHT conditions were also studied.
Bulk foam experiments showed that betaine (B-1235) surfactant outperformed other surfactant types through achieving the highest foam generation with excellent foam stability performance. Betaine foam endurance was found to be comparable to that of viscoelastic diamine surfactant. However, poor foam generation was observed when diamine was used as a single surfactant. The optimum concentration for betaine surfactant was found to be 0.25 wt%. A mixture of betaine and amine-based surfactant improved the latter foam properties and its performance was found to be higher than that of single surfactant. The foam stability of mixed surfactant was approximately 8 folds higher than that of single amine-based surfactant. Furthermore, foam texture directly controls foam decay profile, and the optimum foam quality based on static pressurized foam cell test was found to be 90% due to the formation of uniform and closely packed bubbles. This research identified high performing individual as well as a mixed surfactant systems for designing foam EOR projects for Middle Eastern harsh reservoir conditions.
Challenges and Lessons Learnt Operating During Covid 19 Pandemic in Remote Location: A Success Story of Mauritania Deepwater Abandonment and Decommissioning Campaign
Authors: Ahmad Zaini Ahmad Hafizi , Johan Ahmad Luqman , Allapitchai M. Shahril Majid , Liew William Sin Yoong , Sellapan Sattiyaraju , Heboul El Khalil Mohamed M’Bareck , Abdul Razak Mohd Hairi , Yaakub M. Yuzmanizeil 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In March 2020, upon declaration of the COVID-19 pandemic, operator was faced with difficulty of continuing operation as the Host Country activated border lockdown. The operator managed to continue operations for remaining well and demobilized drillship and personnel safely. Operator has successfully retrieved three (3) subsea Xmas Trees, P&A three (3) wells and intervened six (6) other wells for tubing cutting before operations was suspended due to COVID-19 pandemic. Operator used the suspension phase to devise a methodology to resume operation in the prevailing COVID-19 pandemic situation. The challenges faced during the COVID-19 pandemic as well as the steps taken for resumption are highlighted in this paper.
It is expected that this paper will serve as guidance in highlighting challenges and efforts taken to resume operation in the event of unforeseen suspension due to any reasons. It is also hoped that the details shared in this paper can assist other Operators in better operation planning for remote locations.
Minimising Downtime During Multiple Valves Change Outs on Critical Gas Export Pipelines
Authors: Raja Ismail Raja Zahirudin , Wan Dagang Wan Ahmad Izuddin , Lie Rolf Gunnar 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
To enable the safe replacement of five valves whose passing rates exceeded allowable limits, PETRONAS Carigali Sdn Bhd (PCSB) in 2017 used a three-module high pressure isolation tool (HPIT) to isolate one 24-inch and two 32-inch critical gas export pipelines at ANDR-A in the Angsi field in offshore Peninsular Malaysia. The SmartPlug® tool provided a double block and monitor (DBM) isolation without requiring depressurization or bleeding down the entire pipeline, which avoided prolonged shutdown. Because the three pipelines shared a common header at the ANDR-A topside, they required simultaneous isolation. Although HPIT had been deployed on main gas export pipelines several times before in Malaysia, this was the first time three isolations were required to be executed at the same time on the same platform during a single shutdown campaign. This Case Study describes the steps taken from planning, site visit and engineering to the safe and successful execution of the isolations.
Fully Coupled Thermal-Hydraulic-Mechanical Analysis of Hydraulic Fracture in Offshore Cuttings Re-Injection
Authors: Zhang Shuai , Feng Yongcun , Li Bin 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Cuttings reinjection is an effective way to treat oilfield waste. There is still a risk of slurry leakage during the field operations although cuttings re-injection technology has been widely used. The study of fracture initiation and propagation during cuttings re-injection is important for operational design. Fracturing is a complex physical process that combines fluid seepage, temperature diffusion, stress change, and rock damage. In offshore cuttings re-injection projects, the temperature difference between the injection slurry and the formation has a significant impact on the fracture behaviors, especially in high-temperature-high-pressure (HTHP) formations. In this paper, a fully coupled thermal-hydraulic-mechanical (THM) model was developed by the cohesive element method for modeling cuttings re-injection. The multi-physical field evolution in cuttings re-injection process in HTHP offshore formation was studied. The simulation results show that the cooling effect of the injection fluid causes the contraction of the formation which leads to an increase in the tensile stress of the rock and a decrease in the formation fracture pressure. The cooling effect results in a wider and shorter fracture than the case without the consideration of the cooling effect. Therefore, it allows more slurry to be injected in a limited near-wellbore zone, reducing the risk of slurry leakage during the injection process. The cooling effect is positively correlated with the temperature difference between the injection slurry and the formation.
Review on Floating Offshore Wind Turbines
Authors: Jodha Shweta , Sharma Vibha Dinesh , Arul Arundhathi 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This paper provides a literature review of the research work done on floating offshore wind turbines, while discussing their technical, economic and environmental aspects. Through this study, research work in this technology is reviewed and future work recommendations are suggested.
Centuries before, wind energy paved our way into the vast oceans. Its efficient utilization in the form of sails, helped us conquer the oceans with ships. Unfortunately, wind energy lost its charm in the oil era. But now as we realign our priorities for a greener future, wind energy is yet again turning out to be a reliable energy source. It can be our tool to shift to a cleaner energy supply and realize global renewable energy targets. To make the fossil-to-wind transition possible, the innovative concept of floating offshore wind energy is providing a sophisticated mechanism to harness the wind energy exponentially and will definitely help the mankind to reinforce a sustainable grip on the oceans once again. Floating wind turbines present an economical and technically feasible approach to access the deeper water sites to obtain the rich resource of wind power. Therefore, they have the potential to be the next generation of wind technology. With the installed floating wind power capacity to increase to 250 GW by 2050 (DNV GL Report- Floating Wind: The Power to Commercialize, 2020)[23], it is safe to say, the future is floating.
First Application of Coiled Hose in Indonesia and First Deployment of Coiled Hose with Roller Boogies in the World to Access Highly Deviated Well
Authors: Pancawisna Gerardus Putra , Hidayat Reyhan , Dahnil Gitani Tsalitsah , Rahman Risal , Kurniawati Pratika Siamsyah , Marindha Rantoe , Umar Khalid , Ferdian _ , Setyaji Irwan , Masrur Muhammad , Steinsholm Stian 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The paper is aimed to present the engineering design and execution of first application of coiled hose in Indonesia to perform nitrogen unload including its first deployment with roller boogies in the world to tackle the challenge of highly deviated well.
The new well of XX-107 was completed with 2 (two) gravel pack zones and tubingless section. In order to produce the well from the gravel pack zones, completion fluid, which filled in the XX-107 well, should be displaced to ensure underbalance condition once the SSDs of those gravel pack zones were opened. After comparing several available methods, coiled hose was chosen to perform nitrogen unload due to its compact and lightweight nature in comparison to conventional coiled tubing. Coiled hose enabled seamless deployment right after the well was completed by the workover unit. Furthermore, the maximum deviation of 84 deg in XX-107 well provided additional challenge to access the well since coiled hose was gravity feed. Several simulations were performed and they resulted in the utilization of roller boogies to minimize friction during RIH and increase the reach of coiled hose in this well.
As a result, this operation achieved its main objective of displacing the completion fluid out of the well and created underbalance condition in front of the gravel pack zones. Although the efficiency was only 67.5%, it managed to create 1071 psi of underbalance value and consequently the well flowed at 8 MMscfd. Its lightweight nature was like electricline unit and it consumed less space on the upper deck of the platform. Moreover, the deployment and setup process was performed offline which optimized the operating time event further. The cumulative operating time was only 13 hours including demobilization process while in terms of logistic coiled hose only required 1 trip whereas coiled tubing unit required at least 3 trips. Lastly, this operation requires only 10 personnel for 24-hr operation in comparison to 15 coiled tubing personnel which meant, in this Covid-19 pandemic, provided less risky solution.
Longest in Asia Pacific: Robust BHA Design Optimization Using Advanced FEA Modeling for Two Consecutive Hole-Opening Sections in HPHT Well
Authors: Nik Mohd Najmi Nik Fahusnaza , Baharudin Alif Shamir , Ravendrnathan Khabilashini , Anyi Vaniel , Chai Beng Seow , Lim Jen Ming , Alexander Gregg 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Designing robust hole-opening BHA to drill two consecutive sections with interbedded formation in a deep HPHT appraisal well is exceptionally challenging. The two hole-opening sections, 17in × 20in and 14-3/4in × 17in need to retain strict verticality requirement and the final hole diameter sizes must be guaranteed to allow for smooth casing running operations. Conventional method, consisting of pilot hole drilling and a dedicated hole-opening run, is time consuming. Hence, the Operator decided to proceed with single run hole-opening while drilling approach for significant time saving benefit.
Utilizing finite element analysis modeling approach, tandem reamer BHA were designed and proposed for both hole-opening sections. The BHA consists of a PDC bit, a hydraulic-actuated reamer near the bit and a mechanical-actuated reamer above MWD tools. This BHA design concept can deliver both hole-opening and rat-hole cleaning operations in a single run. BHA optimization modeling was also done to select robust and appropriate cutting structures that can yield the most stable drilling dynamics with suitable drilling parameters.
Applying the FEA modeling recommendations in the 17in × 20in hole-opening section, the operation went smoothly as planned for the first 1184m until a vibration level increase was observed, believed to be due to an unexpected sudden increase in the hardness of the interbedded formation. Realizing the potential of similar risk happening for the next hole interval, a conventional two-runs approach was implemented in the 14-3/4in × 17in section. A pilot hole was first drilled with a steerable motor BHA for trajectory adjustment and then followed by a dedicated under-reaming only (URO) operation with a bullnose BHA. The 937m under-reaming interval was executed successfully without any downhole issues, despite lower ROP than initially expected.
Cracking Mature Subsurface Information in Complex Well Design
Authors: Abdul Ghafar Joely , Jamaldin Fadzril Syafiq , Tolioe William Amelio , Hanalim Linda , M Dan Iliyas , Mad Said Saiful Haq , Arumugam Sathiaseelan , Omar M Afiefe 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
After 29 years of production in the brown field T at Peninsular Malaysia, most of its main producing reservoirs are already depleted. Further data acquisition is crucial to resolve reservoir characterization issues, such as communication, depletion & compartmentalization. However, matured fields often have complex trajectories and depleted zones that succumb to losses during drilling. Hence, optimized data acquisition planning is required to combat both complex reservoir characterization and well operation risk.
This paper will discuss the challenges from planning to execution of efficient data acquisition and trouble-free drilling in highly deviated well while having losses and without compromising acquired data quality. The main challenges identified are to log complex multi-stacked reservoirs in shoreface and mouth-bar environment, shifted fluid contact due to production, high inclination well trajectories, wellbore stability and logging in losses environment in depleted zones. Fluid mapping while drilling (FMWD) was brought in to assess the pressure and mobility profile of those depleted reservoirs. Additionally, fluid scanning stations were planned to confirm the fluid type and downhole reservoir sampling was planned in the virgin appraisal target. The result of data acquisition has been used for reservoir characterization in terms of pressure depletion, reservoir communication and compartmentalization.
Despite the mud losses that occurred during drilling (5-50bbl/hr.), the logging operation was a success. The acquired data has led to a new understanding of the faulting area, sand continuity and reservoirs heterogeneity. The team managed to get sample of volatile oil which is 1m below the gas oil contact (GOC) and able to quantify CO2 concentration in gas & mixture phase (Oil +OBM filtrate). The result has also proved reservoirs compartmentalization that could not be seen and the log can be biased. This information is crucial in subsurface evaluation in developing matured fields. The decision to adopt the FMWD tool has helped logging operation to continue circulating with control flowrate, avoid well in static condition during long period (&gt;45mins) of logging operation where it reduces the risk of stuck pipe. There was no operational issue of stuck pipe or differential sticking while logging in losses condition.
Open hole data acquisition in mature field will always be relevant for reducing subsurface uncertainty. By deploying FMWD for real time data acquisition, the project team was able to save rig days by eliminating dedicated wireline trips and potential wiper trip post logging via conventional wireline. The value of the data acquired will also further reduce the project cost by optimizing the future well placement and well trajectory. The success achieved in this campaign can also be replicated into other brown field development that has the same challenges.