bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The İmpact Of The Apelinergic System In Coronary Collateral Formation
Authors: Ozsoyler Ibrahim , Ucak Haci Ali , Badak Tolga Onur , Cakallioglu Ahmet , Bayraktar Muhammed , Arslan Ahmet Suha 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: İn coronary artery disease, the positive contribution of the presence of coronary collateral circulation to the course of the disease is known. As for the factors that trigger the formation of collateral circulation and interactions at the cellular level, no satisfactory results have yet been reached. Studies on this issue will also pave the way for potential treatment opportunities in the future. The aim of this study is to try to determine the relationship between coronary collateral circulation and elabela and apelinergic system.Methods: This is a cross sectional study. Totally 150 subjects were included the study. Demographic data, laboratory test data, and comorbidities were collected from the hospital data. Welch, One Way Anova, Chi-Square, and Kruskal-Wallis H tests were used for comparison of the groups. Games-Howell, Tukey HSD, and Dunn tests were used for post-hoc analysis where necessary.Results: Evaluating the differences between the groups in terms of the parameters examined. Looking at which groups the differences arise from; it was observed that the statistically significant difference observed for elabela, HDL-C, NT-ProBNP, LVEF and HS-C-Reactive protein was between all groups separately.Conclusions: In this study, we aim to reveal a positive relationship between the development of coronary collateral vessels and apelinergic systems. Our results indicated that Elabela protein could be evaluated as a potential agent for treatment.
Clinical Significance of Germline Telomere Length and Associated Genetic Factors in Patients with Neuroblastoma
Authors: Sung Ki Woong , Bae Joon Seol , Lee Ji Won , Joung Je-Gun , Cho Hee Won , Ju Hee Young , Yoo Keon Hee , Koo Hong Hoe 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Studies investigating the relationship between germline telomere length and the clinical characteristics of tumors are very limited. This study evaluated the relationship between germline telomere length and the clinical characteristics of neuroblastoma. In addition, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) was performed to investigate the genetic factors associated with telomere length. Methods: The telomere length of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 186 patients with neuroblastoma was measured by quantitative PCR. The association between germline telomere length and clinical characteristics, including long-term survival, was investigated. For the GWAS, genotyping was performed with a high-density Illumina bead chip. After strict quality control checks of the samples, an association analysis was conducted. Results: An extra-abdominal primary site, lower stage (stage 1/2), MYCN non-amplified tumor, and being in the low-risk group were associated with longer telomere lengths (P = 0.015, 0.007, 0.046 and 0.042, respectively). Patients with longer third telomeres had longer event-free survival than other patients (P = 0.032). In the GWAS, rs2492082, located in the 3’UTR of the HIVEP3 gene, showed the highest association with telomere length (P = 1.7E-06). Patients with long telomeres had a recessive allele A. A gene-based analysis using the VEGAS2 algorithm showed that the CNTN4 gene had the most significant association with telomere length (P = 1.0E-06). Patients with the CC homozygote in the rs71311728 marker within the CNTN4 gene had a longer telomere length than those with the TC heterozygote. A gene ontology analysis showed that genetically susceptible genes associated with telomere length were mainly distributed in neurite morphogenesis and neuron development.Conclusions: Longer germline telomere length is associated with favorable prognostic factors at diagnosis and eventually better event-free survival in patients with neuroblastoma. In addition, the GWAS demonstrated that genetic markers and genes related to telomere length are associated with neurite morphogenesis and neuron development. A further study with a larger cohort of patients and functional studies are needed.
The Connectional Anatomy of Visual Mental Imagery: Evidence From a Patient with Left Occipito-Temporal Damage
Authors: Hajhajate Dounia , Kaufmann Brigitte , Liu Jianghao , Siuda-Krzywicka Katarzyna , Bartolomeo Paolo 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Most of us can use their “mind’s eye” to mentally visualize things that are not in their direct line of sight, an ability known as visual mental imagery. Extensive left temporal damage can impair patients’ visual mental imagery experience, but the critical locus of lesion is unknown. Our recent meta-analysis of 27 fMRI studies of visual mental imagery highlighted a well-delimited region in the left lateral midfusiform gyrus, which was consistently activated during visual mental imagery, and which we called the Fusiform Imagery Node (FIN). Here we describe the connectional anatomy of FIN in neurotypical participants and in RDS, a right-handed patient with an extensive occipitotemporal stroke in the left hemisphere. The stroke provoked right homonymous hemianopia, alexia without agraphia, and color anomia. Despite these deficits, RDS had normal subjective experience of visual mental imagery and reasonably preserved behavioral performance on tests of visual mental imagery of object shape, object color, letters, faces, and spatial relationships. We found that the FIN was spared by the lesion. We then assessed the connectional anatomy of the FIN in the MNI space and in the patient’s native space, by visualizing the fibers of the inferior longitudinal fasciculus (ILF) and of the arcuate fasciculus (AF) passing through the FIN. In both spaces, the ILF connected the FIN with the anterior temporal lobe, and the AF linked it with frontal regions. Our evidence is consistent with the hypothesis that the FIN is a node of a brain network dedicated to voluntary visual mental imagery. The FIN could have a specific role in integrating high-level visual representations in domain-preferring regions in the ventral temporal lobe with elements of semantic knowledge stored in the anterior temporal lobe and in the language circuits.
Obtaining Single Shot High-Resolution Frequency Spectrum of an Ultra-Short Signal Using an Analog Optical Auto-Correlation Technique
Authors: Zhou Weimin 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
It is very difficult to obtain a high-resolution real-time frequency spectrum from an ultra-short duration pulsed high frequency signals due to the lack of a high speed analog-to-digital converters (ADC). Even if such an ADC exist, there is a fundamental limit by the uncertainty principle for the ultra-short observation/detection/digitization time. This work demonstrated a Radio frequency (RF)-Photonic real time spectrum analyzing technique by sending a single 30ns short microwave signal pulse into a fiber optic recirculation loop circuit to perform analog auto-correlation to resolve a two-tone signal pulse separated by 25 MHz for a 50 GHz wideband spectrum. This optical correlation technique allow us to increase the observation/measurement time by keep the “live” signal in the loop system over long time and “stretching” time using the dispersion of the two RF sidebands for time-correlation. This technique provides a “snapshot” in the frequency domain of ultra-short or transient events without the need of a high-speed ADC, and is able to push the fundamental physical limit in spectrum analyzation of short duration signals.
The effect of polyethersulfone and nylon 6 micromembrane filters on the pyraclostrobin detection：Adsorption performance and mechanism
Authors: Shao Xiaolan , Liu Lejun , Li Hui , Luo Yue , Zhao Jingyu , Liu Shuai , Yan Bei , Wang Dan , Luo Kun , Liu Min , Bai Lianyang , Li Xiaoyun , Liu Kailin 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Adsorption of test substances on micromembrane filters during sample pretreatment before qualitative and quantitative analysis has greatly affected the accuracy of the measurement. In the present study, it was found that the adsorption rate of pyraclostrobin reached 77.7-100% when water samples of pyraclostrobin (1 mL) were filtered with polyethersulfone (PES) and nylon 6 filters. Therefore, the adsorption mechanisms were investigated from the kinetics, isotherms, and thermodynamics of the pyraclostrobin adsorption process, combined with Attenuated Total Reflection-Fourier Transform Infra-Red (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) analysis. The adsorption of pyraclostrobin on the PES micromembrane is chemical adsorption; while Nylon 6 is physical adsorption. However, pyraclostrobin adsorption onto surface sites of Nylon 6 micromembrane was mostly through physical monolayer. The π-π electron-donor-acceptor (EDA) between pyraclostrobin and PES may promote the adsorption of PES to pyraclostrobin, and hydrogen bonding between pyraclostrobin and Nylon 6 micromembrane may be involved in the adsorption. Our study also proved the addition of methanol and iodine solution was an effective strategy to reduce the adsorption effects and to increase the accuracy of the detection.
Referral Criteria for Chronic Kidney Disease: Implications for Disease Management and Healthcare Expenditure - Analysis of a Population-Based Sample
Authors: Kiel Simone , Weckmann Gesine , Chenot Jean-François , Stracke Sylvia , Spallek Jacob , Angelow Aniela 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background Clinical practice guidelines recommend specialist referral according to different criteria. The aim was to assess recommended and observed referral rate and health care expenditure according to recommendations from:· Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO,2012)· National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE,2014)· German Society of Nephrology/German Society of Internal Medicine (DGfN/DGIM,2015)· German Society of General Practitioners and Family Physicians (DEGAM,2019)· Kidney failure risk equation (NICE,2021)MethodsData of the population-based cohort Study of Health in Pomerania were matched with claims data. Proportion of subjects meeting referral criteria and corresponding health care expenditures were calculated and projected to the population of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern.ResultsData from 1927 subjects were analysed. Overall proportion of subjects meeting referral criteria ranged from 4.9% (DEGAM) to 8.3% (DGfN/DGIM). The majority of patients eligible for referral were ≥60 years. Estimated population level costs varied between €1,432,440 (DEGAM) and €2,386,186 (DGfN/DGIM). From 190 patients with eGFR < 60 ml/min, 15 had a risk of end stage renal disease >5% within the next 5 years.ConclusionsApplying different referral criteria results in different referral rates and costs. Referral rates exceed actually observed consultation rates. Criteria need to be evaluated in terms of available workforce, resources and regarding over- and underutilization of nephrology services.
Analysis of Rare Thalassemia Genetic Variants Based on Third Generation Sequencing
Authors: Peng Cuiting , Zhang Haixia , Chen Han , Ren Jun , Du Ze , Zhao Tong , Mao Aiping , Xu Ruofan , Lu Yulin , Wang He , Chen Xinlian , Liu Shanling 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Thalassemia is a group of common hereditary anemia that cause significant morbidity and mortality around the world, yet precisely diagnosing of thalassemia especially for rare thalassemia variants are still challenging. Long range PCR and long-molecule sequencing on the PacBio Sequel II platform utilized in this study could cover the entire HBA1, HBA2 and HBB gene which enable to diagnose most of common and rare types of thalassemia variants. In this study, 100 cases of suspected thalassemia were conducted traditional thalassemia testing and third generation sequencing for thalassemia genetic diagnosing. Compared with traditional diagnostic methods, here additional 10 cases of rare clinically significant variants, including 3 cases of structure variants (SVs) and 7 cases of single nucleotide variations (SNVs) were identified, of which a case with -α3.7 subtype III (-α3.7III) was first identified and validated in Chinese population. Other rare variants of 11.1 kb deletions (--11.1/αα), triplicate α-globin genes (aaa3.7/αα) and rare SNVs have also been thoroughly detected. The results showed that rare thalassemia variants are not rare but just been miss-diagnosed by conventional methods. The results further validated third generation sequencing as a promising method for rare thalassemia genetic testing.
The Role of Notch Signaling in Endometrial Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem-like Cells Maintenance
Authors: Zhang Sisi , Chan Rachel , Ng Ernest H.Y. , Yeung William S.B. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Human endometrium undergoes cycles of regeneration in reproductive women and endometrial mesenchymal stromal/stem like cells (eMSC) contribute to this process. Notch signaling is essential for the homeostasis of somatic stem cells, however its role in eMSC remains largely unknown.Methods: RT-qPCR was used to compare the activity of Notch signaling between endometrial fibroblast (eSF) and eMSC. Flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, western blotting, ﻿in vitro clonogenicity and proliferation assays were used to assess the properties of eMSC after Notch signaling activation or inhibition. The crosstalk between Notch and Wnt signaling in eMSC was determined by western blotting, in situ proximity ligation assay and luciferase assay. Using a label-retaining cell method, hematoxylin-eosin staining, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence and western blotting were applied to characterize the features of label-retaining stromal cells (LRSC) in mouse menstrual-like model. Intrauterine injection of Notch inhibitor was performed at the time of breakdown to explore the potential role Notch signaling in endometrial regeneration in vivo.Results: The gain and loss function showed that activation of Notch signaling promoted eMSC maintenance, while inhibition displayed opposite effect. Activation of Notch pathway better maintained eMSC in a quiescent state. However, these quiescent eMSC can re-enter into the cell cycle depending on Notch and Wnt activity in the microenvironment, suggesting a crosstalk between two signaling pathways. In a mouse menstrual-like model, Notch signaling was highly involved in the dynamic endometrial remodeling event. Suppression of Notch signaling significantly reduced the proliferation of Notch1+ label-retaining stromal cells and consequently delayed the endometrial repair.Conclusions: These results demonstrate the importance of Notch signaling in regulating the endometrial stem/progenitor cells in vitro and in vivo. ﻿Understanding the precise mechanism of endometrial stem/progenitor cells provides a promising therapeutic approach for women with atrophic endometrium or Asherman syndrome.
Does a Widespread Species Have a Higher Competition Ability Than an Endemic Species? A Case Study in the Dongting Lake Wetlands
Authors: Du Yuhang , Zhou Qiaoqiao , Peng Zenghui , Peng Fangcheng , Xi Lianlian , Li Youzhi 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This study aimed to compare the competition abilities of Phragmites australis (PA), a widespread species, and Triarrhena lutarioriparia (TL), an endemic species, in the Dongting Lake wetlands. Field monitoring indicated that during flooding, the two plant species showed decreased survival percentage, which did not differ noticeably between them. Control experiment indicated that PA exhibited higher survival percentage than TL. In the field monitoring, PA showed higher aboveground biomass before flooding and higher relative elongation rate, whereas TL showed higher aboveground biomass after flooding and higher relative growth rate. However, in the control experiment, plant biomass, relative growth rate, and relative elongation rate were not obviously different between the two species, and PA showed higher competition ability than TL in the early stage and lower competition ability than those of TL in the middle and later stages. The relative yield total in both the field monitoring and control experiment were greater than one, indicating that the two plant species occupied different niches. Compared to TL, PA had higher competition ability in non-submergence habitat and lower competition ability in water submergence habitat. Niche difference between the two species enabled their coexistence in the Dongting Lake wetlands under the influence of seasonal flooding.
The 11-year solar cycle modulates the occurrence of off-season super typhoons in the western North Pacific
Authors: Yu Jin-Yi , Wu Chau-Ron , Lin Yong-Fu 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The unexpected occurrence of super typhoons outside the regular typhoon season can cause tragic loss of life and property damage. Here we show with observational analyses and climate model experiments that the occurrence frequency of off-season (November-April) super typhoons in the western North Pacific is modulated by the 11-year solar cycle through a sea surface temperature (SST) footprint mechanism. The variation in super typhoon number during 1985-2018 matches the intensity variation of the solar cycle, with the off-season typhoons occurring more (less) often during the active (inactive) periods of the cycle. The solar cycle induces an SST footprint extending equatorward from the northeastern Pacific, altering atmospheric conditions over the tropical central-to-western Pacific to affect typhoon intensities and trajectories. During active periods, the solar cycle’s footprint causes the mean Pacific Walker circulation to become weaker than normal. The weaker circulation provides favorable atmospheric conditions for super typhoon formation, which include a weak vertical wind-shear environment, a more-eastward located typhoon genesis region, and weaker background trade winds that steer typhoons westward more slowly. Typhoons can stay over ocean for a longer time under these conditions and receive more energy from the ocean to become super typhoons. The powerful and devastating 2013 typhoon Haiyan occurred near the peak of the latest active period of the solar cycle. The 11-year solar cycle can be used to aid decadal disaster preparation and management planning.
Evaluating the Rare Cases of Cortical Vertigo Using Disconnectome Mapping
Authors: Conrad Julian , Bögle Rainer , Ruehl Ria Maxine , Dieterich Marianne 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Objective In rare cases, cortical infarcts lead to vertigo. We evaluated structural and functional disconnection in patients with acute vertigo due to ischemic cortical infarcts compared to infarcts without vertigo in a similar location with a focus on the connectivity of the parieto-opercular (retro-)insular cortex (PIVC). Methods Using lesion maps from the published case reports, we computed lesion functional connectivity networks (FCN) in a set of 100 healthy individuals from the human connectome project (HCP). The probability of lesion disconnection was evaluated by white-matter disconnectome mapping. Results The lesion-FCN included vestibulo-cerebellar hubs (lobules IX, X), the vestibular nuclei, the PIVC (anterior and posterior long insular gyri, area OP2), the retroinsular and posterior insular cortex (area PIC), the multisensory vestibular ventral intraparietal area, motion-sensitive areas (temporal area MT+ and cingulate visual sulcus) as well as hubs for ocular motor control (lateral intraparietal area, cingulate and frontal eye fields). However, this was not sufficient to differentiate between lesions with and without vertigo. Disconnection of interhemispheric connections via the corpus callosum (CC) were present in all ten cases with rotational vertigo, but the CC was spared in lesions of the PIVC without vertigo. Further, the arcuate fascicle (AF) was affected in 90% of the lesions with vertigo and spared in lesions without vertigo. Conclusion Disruption of interhemispheric connections of the PIVC via the corpus callosum and intra-hemispheric disconnection via the AF seem to be the distinguishing factor between vestibular cortical network lesions that manifest with vertigo compared to those without vertigo.
Survey of neonatal resuscitation practices in metropolitan and non-metropolitan non-tertiary birthing units in New South Wales and Australian Capital Territory.
Authors: Shah Dharmesh , Jain Kalpesh , Tracy Mark , Badawi Nadia 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
PurposeNewborn infant is particularly vulnerable around the time of birth and events during this period can have impact on survival and neurodevelopmental outcomes. Having trained personnel with familiar equipment is of paramount importance. We aimed to explore the neonatal training experience of birth attendants in New South Wales (NSW) and Australian Capital Territory (ACT) and explore the variations in respiratory management and equipment use at birth. Methods We contacted 119 non-tertiary units in NSW/ACT by a written survey followed by telephone contact. A set questionnaire was offered, asking for details of the availability and skill levels of staff at neonatal resuscitation, and of the equipment available at all births.Results Staff from 103 out of 119 units (87%) participated in the study. Resuscitation at all metropolitan units was supported by qualified Paediatricians whereas midwives provided neonatal resuscitation as the first responder in a non-metropolitan unit, with support from a general medical practitioner. Twenty two percent of non-tertiary units relied on external agencies or online support for neonatal resuscitation training. Three quarters of the units used a T-piece resuscitator as the primary device to provide positive pressure ventilation, 65.3% of non-metropolitan units had blenders available, and 19% of units administered some oxygen at initiation of resuscitation. Thirty eight percent units responded having no prior knowledge of the pressure relief valve setting.Conclusion Equipment and availability of trained personnel for neonatal resuscitation in non-tertiary birthing units across NSW and ACT wary widely. The resources to provide training and education are variable.
Variations in lignin monomer contents and stable hydrogen isotope ratios in methoxy groups during the biodegradation of garden biomass
Authors: LU Qiangqiang , JIA Lili , AWASTHI Mukesh Kumar , JING Guanghua , WANG Yabo , HE Liyan , ZHAO Ning , CHEN Zhikun , ZHANG Zhao , SHI Xinwei 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Lignin is the most difficult aromatic substance to degrade. Selective biodegradation under mild conditions is a promising method, but the dynamic variations in lignin monomers during the biodegradation of lignocellulose are not fully understood. In this study, we examined degradation of lignin monomers and changes in stable hydrogen isotope ratios (δ2HLM) in methoxy groups to test the potential of Pseudomonas mandelii, Aspergillus fumigatus, and their co-culture. The degradation weight loss and net degradation loss of lignocellulosic biomass during biodegradation improved dramatically with fungal inoculation. Syringyl monolignol (S-lignin), which contains two methoxy groups, was more difficult to degrade than guaiacyl (G-lignin), which contains only one methoxy group. The δ2HLM values generally remained stable during the depolymerization of lignin. The fluctuation of δ2HLM values during the initial phase of biodegradation may be related to the loss of pectic polysaccharides (another methoxy donor) from the leaves. Our statistical analysis showed that δ2HLM values did not differ among the microbial cultures or change over time despite decreasing G/S ratios. Our results suggest that lignin monomer ratios can be used to monitor differences in microbial metabolism during lignocellulose biodegradation, whereas δ2HLM signatures cannot be used.