bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Common and distinct cortico-striatal volumetric changes in cocaine and heroin use disorder
Authors: Ceceli Ahmet O , Huang Yuefeng , Kronberg Greg , Malaker Pias , Miller Pazia , King Sarah , Gaudreault Pierre-Olivier , McClain Natalie , Gabay Lily , Vasa Devarshi , Ekin Defne , Alia-Klein Nelly , Goldstein Rita Z 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDrugs of abuse impact cortico-striatal dopaminergic targets and their morphology across substance types in common and unique ways. While the dorsal striatum drives addiction severity across drug classes, opiates impact ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) and nucleus accumbens (NAcc) neuroplasticity in preclinical models, and psychostimulants alter inhibitory control, rooted in cortical regions such as the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG). We hypothesized parallel gray matter volume (GMV) changes in individuals with cocaine or heroin use disorder (CUD/HUD): decreased GMV of vmPFC/NAcc in HUD and IFG in CUD, and putamen GMV to be associated with addiction severity. We quantified GMV in age/sex/IQ-matched individuals with CUD (n=20; 5 women), HUD (n=20; 6 women), and healthy controls (HC; n=20; 5 women), further replicated in an extended sample (combined n=96). Overall, addicted individuals had smaller vmPFC volumes than HC (p<0.05-corrected), driven by HUD (p<0.05-corrected; similar NAcc reduction). Right IFG reductions were specifically evident in CUD vs. HUD (p<0.05-corrected). Posterior putamen volume increased as a function of craving in CUD vs. HUD (p<0.05-corrected). These results indicate compression of dopamine-innervated regions (in the vmPFC and NAcc) across cocaine- or heroin-addicted individuals, more severely in the latter. For the first time we demonstrate IFG compression specifically in CUD. This group also showed a unique association between craving and increased putamen volume, together indicating a signature of enhanced cue-sensitivity and habit formation. Results suggest common and substance-specific morphometry volumetric changes in human psychostimulant or opiate addiction, with implications for fine-tuning biomarker and treatment identification by primary drug of abuse.
In vitro potency of combinatorial antifungal drugs towards Candida isolates from patients
Authors: Agarwal Sakshi , Parida Smitanjali , Jadoun Bhuvnesvri , Patel Shreya N , Moolchandani Sumit , Puniyani Himanshu , Pandey Raviranjan Kumar , Mathur Mandvi , Shrivastava Sandeep K , Kalra Aakanksha 
Published: March 2022

AbstractCandidiasis is a fungal infection (mycosis) caused by an opportunistic yeast with only 8-10 pathogenic species. In spite of the multiple classes of antifungal drugs available to combat these infections, the treatment is hampered by drug toxicity, tolerability, emergence of drug resistant isolates and many more. Combination therapy has been suggested as a possible approach to improve these treatment outcomes. This study is, therefore, aimed at the analysis of the sensitivity of Candida isolates obtained from patients towards different classes of drugs affecting multiple pathways in the pathogen life cycle. Four different individual drugs with different mechanisms of action and six different combinations of these drugs at three different proportions (1:1, 1:3, and 3:1) were used for the study. All the drug sensitivity assays were performed by the agar well diffusion method. The results were statistically analyzed using Prism software. Results have shown synergistic effects of drug combinations on the sensitivity of the isolates without much variation in the stoichiometric ratios, thereby providing an alternative to monotherapy to combat the emergence of drug resistant isolates and drying existing drug pipelines.
EphB1 controls proper long-range cortical axon guidance through a cell non-autonomous role in GABAergic cells
Authors: Assali Ahlem , Chenaux George , Cho Jennifer Y. , Berto Stefano , Ehrlich Nathan A. , Cowan Christopher W. 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACTEphB1 is required for proper guidance of cortical axon projections during brain development, but how EphB1 regulates this process remains unclear. We show here thatEphB1 conditional knockout (cKO) in GABAergic cells (Vgat-Cre orDlx1/2-Cre), but not in cortical excitatory neurons (Emx1-Cre), reproduced the cortical axon guidance defects observed in globalEphB1KO mice. Interestingly, inEphB1cKOVgatmice, the misguided axon bundles contained comingled striatal GABAergic and somatosensory cortical glutamatergic axons. In wildtype mice, somatosensory axons also co-fasciculated with striatal axons notably in the globus pallidus, suggesting that a subset of glutamatergic cortical axons normally follows long-range GABAergic axons to reach their targets. Surprisingly, the ectopic axons inEphB1KO mice were juxtaposed to major blood vessels. However, conditional loss ofEphB1in endothelial cells (Tie2-Cre), or in mural and oligodendrocyte precursor cells (Cspg4-Cre) did not produce the axon guidance defects, suggesting that EphB1 in GABAergic neurons normally promotes avoidance of these ectopic axons from following the developing vasculature. Together, our data reveal a new role for EphB1 in GABAergic neurons to influence proper cortical glutamatergic axon guidance during brain development.
Barriers to incorporation of indoor environmental quality (IEQ) principles into building designs
Authors: Afful Aba Essanowa , Ayarkwa Joshua , Acquah Godwin Kojo Kumi , Osei-Asibey Dickson , Osei Assibey Ama Antwi Darkwah 
Published: March 2022

PurposeThis research presents a comprehensive review of the literature on the barriers to incorporating indoor environmental quality (IEQ) principles into building designs. The aim was to identify these barriers in the literature and subsume them under broad categories for the development of a framework showing the interrelationships among the barriers.Design/methodology/approachThe research design used a systematic desktop review which comprised of three levels of screening. The first level allowed for a broad selection of papers; the second level of screening was done to limit the results to papers within the construction industry, and the third level of screening limited the documents strictly to the publication period of 2000–2021.FindingsTwenty-four (24) barriers were identified in the literature, including lack of integrated design teams, which ranked the highest in appearance, high initial costs, poor market for IEQ buildings and higher design charges among others. The identified barriers were classified into six (6) categories namely capacity barriers, economic barriers, process-related barriers, cultural barriers, client-related barriers and steering barriers.Practical implicationsThe findings of this study would enable practitioners and policymakers to better understand what is preventing the widespread adoption of IEQ designs in the built environment and devise actionable strategies to overcome them. It adds to the body of knowledge on IEQ research by categorizing the various barriers that prevent the delivery of IEQ projects.Social implicationsThe developed barriers in this research can serve as a useful checklist to future researchers who may want to validate the barriers to IEQ designs in empirical studies and in different settings.Originality/valueThe interconnectivity revealed by the web-like framework allows for an appreciation of the various barriers of IEQ adoption which would help in expanding the current knowledge on IEQ beyond the narrow scope of isolated barriers. The fact that the papers selected in this study are not limited geographically, underscores the wide applicability of the findings in the global construction industry.
Communality in microbial stress response and differential metabolic interactions revealed by time‐series analysis of sponge symbionts
Authors: Taylor Jessica A. , Díez‐Vives Cristina , Nielsen Shaun , Wemheuer Bernd , Thomas Torsten 
Published: March 2022

SummaryThe diversity and function of sponge‐associated symbionts is now increasingly understood; however, we lack an understanding of how they dynamically behave to ensure holobiont stability in the face of environmental variation. Here, we performed a metatransciptomic analysis on three microbial symbionts of the sponge Cymbastela concentrica in situ over 14 months and through differential gene expression and correlation analysis to environmental variables uncovered differences that speak to their metabolic activities and level of symbiotic and environmental interactions. The nitrite‐oxidizing Ca. Porinitrospira cymbastela maintained a seemingly stable metabolism, with the few differentially expressed genes related only to stress responses. The heterotrophic Ca. Porivivens multivorans displayed differential use of holobiont‐derived compounds and respiration modes, while the ammonium‐oxidizing archaeon Ca. Nitrosopumilus cymbastelus differentially expressed genes related to phosphate metabolism and symbiosis effectors. One striking similarity between the symbionts was their similar variation in expression of stress‐related genes. Our time‐series study showed that the microbial community of C. concentrica undertakes dynamic gene expression adjustments in response to the surroundings, tuned to deal with general stress and metabolic interactions between holobiont members. The success of these dynamic adjustments likely underpins the stability of the sponge holobiont and may provide resilience against environmental change.
Of Mumps and Men: Masculinity and the Severity of a Vaccine Preventable Disease in Western Medicine, 1760s–1960s
Authors: Conis Elena 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis article, based on an analysis of English language medical literature on mumps’ manifestation in men, women and children from the late eighteenth to the early twentieth century, examines the role of gender in shaping conceptualisations of mumps’ severity and medical significance. Over time, gendered social roles undermined the medical notion of mumps as a severe disease of women while elevating mumps’ reputation as a severe and significant disease of men, eventually casting the disease as a threat to masculinity. When the modern mumps vaccine was commercialised in the 1960s, its development built on a long history of gendered conceptualisations of mumps and its use cast children as safeguards of a legacy of masculine citizenship defined by military activity and fatherhood.
Population density modulates insect progenitive plasticity through the regulation of dopamine biosynthesis
Authors: Liu Kai , Yuan Longyu , Yue Lei , Chen Weiwen , Kang Kui , Lv Jun , Zhang Wenqing , Pang Rui 
Published: March 2022

AbstractInsect fecundity is a quantitative phenotype strongly affected by genotypes and the environment. However, interactions between genotypes and environmental factors in modulating insect fecundity remain largely unknown. This study investigated the impact of population density on the fecundity of Nilaparvata lugens (brown planthopper; BPH) carrying homozygous high‐ (HFG) or low‐ (LFG) fecundity homozygous genotypes. Under low population densities, the fecundity and population growth rate of both genotypes showed similar increasing trends across generations, while the trends between HFG and LFG under high population densities were opposite. Through a combination of temporal analysis and weighted gene co‐expression network analyses on RNA‐seq data of HFG and LFG under low and high population densities in the 1st, 3rd, and 5th generations, we identified 2 gene modules that were associated with these density‐dependent progenitive phenotypes. Four pathways related to the neural system were simultaneously enriched by the 2 gene modules. Furthermore, Nlpale, which encodes a tyrosine hydroxylase, was identified as a key gene. The RNA interference of this gene and manipulation of its downstream product dopamine significantly affected the basic and density‐dependent progenitive phenotypes of BPH. These findings indicated that dopamine biosynthesis is the key regulatory factor that determines fecundity in response to density changes in different BPH genotypes. Thus, this study provides insights into the interaction of a typical environmental factor and insect genotype during the process of population regulation.
The effect of low‐level laser on the quality of dentin barrier after capping with bioceramic material: A histomorphometric analysis
Authors: Alharbi Hanan , Khalil Wafaa , Alsofi Loai , Binmadi Nada , Elnahas Ayman 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe study aims to investigate the quality of dentin barriers and pulp reaction to EndoSequence Root Repair Material (ERRM) combined with low‐level laser application. In eight dogs, pulps were exposed via class V, half of the samples received low‐level diode laser at 870 nm. Thereafter, cavities were capped with fast‐set or regular‐set ERRM. The specimens were processed for histomorphological and immunohistochemical examination after 2 weeks and 2 months. Dentin bridges were observed in all samples, and 87.5% were complete. The low‐level laser group had significantly more reparative dentin area than the non‐lased group (p < 0.05). The dentin bridges were found to have an unprecedented tubularity of 43%–89%. Tiny dentin island formation was observed within the material particles. Initial mild‐to‐moderate inflammatory reactions were observed, which subsided after 2 months. RUNX2 and osteocalcin staining were evident for all samples at both time intervals. Low‐level laser combined with bioactive ERRM is effective in inducing reparative dentin formation.
Clinical outcome of intrauterine administration of peripheral mononuclear cells or human chorionic gonadotropin in unexplained implantation failure
Authors: Mei Jie , Yan Yuan , Jiang Ruyv , Zhu Ying‐chun , Ding Lijun , Sun Haixiang 
Published: March 2022

AbstractProblemIntrauterine administration of autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) or human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) has been proposed to facilitate embryo implantation, while its effect on clinical outcome of women with previous implantation failure (RIF) in frozen/thawed embryo transfer (FET) cycles is still unclear.Method of studyA total 523 patients having not experienced successful clinical pregnancy were enrolled in our study, including 207 repeat implantation failure (RIF) patients, and 316 patients with previous implantation failures but failed to meet the diagnostic criteria for RIF (non‐RIF). Autologous PBMCs were cultured with hCG for 4 h in the hCG‐activated PBMC‐treated group (n = 73 in RIF patients, n = 112 in non‐RIF patients), and then intrauterine administered 2 days before FET. In the hCG‐treated group (n = 67 in RIF patients, n = 100 in non‐RIF patients), recombinant hCG was administered 2 days before FET. The control group (n = 67 in RIF patients, n = 104 in non‐RIF patients) underwent FET without intrauterine administration.ResultsIn RIF patients, the clinical pregnancy rate of the above three groups are 56.16%, 53.73%, and 43.28%, respectively (p = .276). The implantation rate and live birth rate showed no significant differences (p > .05). For non‐RIF patients, higher clinical pregnancy rate was also seen in PBMC intrauterine group (57.15%) and hCG intrauterine group (58.00%) than controls (50.96%) but without statistical significance. There were no significant differences of implantation rate and live birth rate (p > .05).ConclusionIntrauterine administration of hCG‐activated PBMC and hCG did not improve clinical outcomes for both RIF and non‐RIF patients before FET embryo transfer.
Incidence of brachial plexus injury with concurrent subclavian or axillary vascular injury and its influence on reconstruction
Authors: Ferris Scott , Chan Marion , Miller George 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIntroductionBrachial plexus reconstruction with free functional muscle transfers (FFMT) has become a reliable tool in the armamentarium of brachial plexus surgeon (Potter and Ferris, The Journal of hand surgery, European volume, 2017, 42,693–9). The successful execution of performing FFMT relies on favourable motor nerves for coaptation and appropriate vessels for microvascular anastomoses. Due to shared traumatic aetiology, subclavian and axillary vascular injury (SAVI) can coexist with the brachial plexus palsy and may pose a surgical dilemma with such FFMT execution.MethodWe performed a retrospective study of 100 consecutive patients who presented to our hospital with brachial plexus injury over a 10‐year period. Patient records were reviewed for concomitant SAVI and subsequent treatment that was required for both vascular (SAVI) and brachial plexus injuries (BPI).ResultsConcomitant BPI and SAVI occurred in 27% of patients. Open injuries predicted significantly higher rates of SAVI as well as complete plexus palsy. Complete plexus palsy was associated at a higher rate in the SAVI group compared to the non‐SAVI group.ConclusionCoexistence of SAVI and BPI is frequent. Complete plexus palsy and SAVI are more common in open injuries in this study. Complete plexus palsy is the most common indication for FFMT in BPI. Surgical execution of FFMT is more challenging in the setting of previous SAVI and requires careful consideration of the microsurgical plan. We recommend that all patients with previous SAVI or potential need for FFMT in this setting undergo vascular imaging at the time of acute injury and prior to any free flap reconstructive procedures.
Characterization of volumetric growth of intracranial meningiomas in Māori and Pasifika populations in New Zealand
Authors: Davis Brendan , Beldishevski‐Shotadze Otari , Ibrahim Zaid , McHugh Frances , Turner Clinton , Olson Sarah , Faull Richard , Dragunow Mike , Law Andrew J. J. , Correia Jason A. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundMāori and Pasifika populations in New Zealand have a higher incidence and prevalence of intracranial meningioma (IM). We sought to evaluate the volumetric growth rate of meningiomas under surveillance in these populations.MethodsFrom July 2002 to October 2020, 336 patients with a total of 408 IM underwent conservative management with serial radiological surveillance at Auckland City Hospital and met the criteria for the study.Inclusion criteria included: age >16 at diagnosis, ≥2 appropriate scans one or more years apart. Exclusion criteria included previous cranial irradiation, a diagnosis of Neurofibromatosis and prior treatment of meningioma.Demographic and clinical data were obtained from the electronic medical records. Imaging data were recorded from the first and last scans. We utilized open‐source image processing software (3D Slicer) for semi‐automated segmentation and volume calculation. Consistent with previous literature, we calculated the relative growth rate (RGR, %/year) and annual volume change (AVC, cm3/year) over time.ResultsFour hundred and eight meningiomas were volumetrically characterized for a mean duration of 6.2 years. The Māori and Pasifika populations (n = 134/393) demonstrated a higher RGR (31.41 versus 14.33%/year) (P = 0.026) and AVC (2.05 versus 0.95 cm3) (P = 0.025) compared to the control population. They also presented at a younger age and had a higher rate of tumour multiplicity. Males represented only 17.6% of the cohort but exhibited a higher growth rate (AVC = 2.52 cm3/year) than females (AVC = 0.99 cm3/year) (P = 0034).ConclusionsMāori and Pasifika populations in New Zealand have a higher incidence and volumetric growth rate of IM compared to a control population. This warrants further clinical, histopathological and genomic analysis.
Evaluation of centrifugal blood pump performances for biventricular support in the virtual simulation model
Authors: Kuroda Taiyo , Miyamoto Takuma , Horvath Dennis W. , Miyagi Chihiro , Horvath David J. , Polakowski Anthony R. , Fukamachi Kiyotaka , Karimov Jamshid H. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundDespite the advances in the left ventricular assist device (LVAD), there are still situations that require a biventricular assist device (BVAD) system. The purpose of this study was to explore and compare the system performance interactions with the HeartMate3 (HM3) and HeartWare (HVAD) in a BVAD configuration using the virtual mock loop (VML) simulation tool.MethodsThe VML simulation tool is an in silico implementation of a lumped parameter model of the cardiovascular system with mechanical circulatory support. Patients with ejection fractions of 60%, 20%, and 15% were simulated in VML, and the HVAD and HM3 in a BVAD with ventricular cannulation were applied to simulated conditions. Pump speeds that restored baseline normal hemodynamics were determined. To determine the optimal speeds for BVAD, the left and right arterial pressures (LAP, RAP) were plotted.ResultsIn the HVAD, LAP and RAP are balanced at 11 mm Hg with LVAD 3500 rpm, right ventricular assist device (RVAD) 2200 rpm; at 13 mm Hg with LVAD 3000 rpm, RVAD 1700 rpm; and at 14 mm Hg with LVAD 2500 rpm, RVAD 1300 rpm. For the HM3, at 8 mm Hg with LVAD 7000 rpm, RVAD 5000 rpm; at 9 mm Hg with LVAD 6000 rpm, RVAD 4300 rpm; and at 9.5 mm Hg with LVAD 5000 rpm, RVAD 3500 rpm.ConclusionThe RVAD/LVAD speed ratios required for atrial balance were approximately 0.6 for the HVAD and 0.7 for the HM3. However, the HVAD required RVAD speeds below its range of operation.
How does chronic burnout affect dealing with weekly job demands? A test of central propositions in JD‐R and COR‐theories
Authors: Bakker Arnold B. , Xanthopoulou Despoina , Demerouti Evangelia 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis study uses job demands–resources and conservation of resources theories to propose that chronic levels of job burnout may aggravate the positive relationship of weekly job demands with week‐level burnout symptoms, dysfunctional coping, and self‐undermining. Specifically, we hypothesize that weekly job demands (workload and emotional demands) relate positively to maladaptive behaviors through weekly burnout symptoms, particularly when chronic burnout is higher (vs. lower). We collected data among 84 employees from various occupational sectors, who first filled out a general survey, and then completed weekly diary surveys every Friday, for five consecutive weeks (total n = 415 occasions). Results of multilevel analyses generally supported the hypotheses. Weekly job demands were positively related to weekly burnout and self‐undermining only when employees scored higher on chronic burnout. Moreover, as predicted, the results showed that job demands were most strongly related to dysfunctional coping and self‐undermining through weekly burnout symptoms for individuals higher (vs. lower) in chronic burnout. These findings highlight the interplay between weekly job demands and chronic burnout in the process of resource loss.
Revisiting goodness of fit in the cultural context: Moving forward from post hoc explanations
Authors: Dong Shuyang , Dubas Judith Semon , Deković Maja 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe goodness‐of‐fit model, which proposes that developmental outcomes result from combinations of environmental and children’s factors, has contributed substantially to the recognition of person × environment processes. However, which pattern of person × environment interactions characterizes this model remains unclear, making it difficult to test or compare with other models (e.g., the differential‐susceptibility model). In this article, we offer solutions for these issues. We propose that a contrastive effect pattern best summarizes both goodness of fit and poorness of fit. We outline methodological considerations that help determine whether a person × environment interaction supports the goodness‐of‐fit model. We then discuss how person × environment interactions can be culturally specific, an issue aligned with the goodness‐of‐fit model but not other models. We illustrate cultural specificities in socialization‐by‐temperament interactions with evidence from different sociocultural groups. These theoretical and methodological refinements help clarify how person × environment interactions can be interpreted and predicted by the goodness‐of‐fit model.