bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Seasonal variation in emergent hemodialysis initiation in the late elderly: A single‐center study
Authors: Takayama Suguru , Sakurada Tsutomu , Shibagaki Yugo , Imai Naohiko 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe number of new dialysis patients, particularly among the elderly population, has been globally increasing. In Japan, patients aged ≥65 years and ≥75 years comprised 72% and 45% of patients on dialysis in 2018, respectively. Few studies have reported seasonal variations in the initiation of dialysis. We investigated the seasonal prevalence of the emergent hemodialysis initiation in the elderly.MethodsWe reviewed 479 elderly patients who initiated hemodialysis between January 2006 and December 2018. Early elderly patients were defined as patients aged between 65 and 74 years, and late elderly patients were defined as those aged ≥75 years. Emergent hemodialysis initiation was defined as initiation with a temporary vascular catheter without elective permanent vascular access or unplanned hemodialysis initiation due to patients requiring critical care regardless of elective permanent vascular access. The information collected included age, sex, and details of the initiation of hemodialysis.ResultsThe early elderly group consisted of 199 patients, and the late elderly group consisted of 279 patients. In the late elderly group, hemodialysis initiation was most frequent in winter, followed by spring, autumn, and summer (p = 0.018). Moreover, emergent hemodialysis initiation was most frequent in winter, followed by spring, autumn, and summer (p = 0.009). Emergent hemodialysis initiation due to fluid overload was most frequent in winter, followed by autumn, spring, and summer (p < 0.001). Among late elderly patients who initiated hemodialysis, 78% did not have permanent hemodialysis access at the time of the initiation of hemodialysis.ConclusionIn the late elderly group, hemodialysis initiation and emergent hemodialysis initiation were significantly more frequent in the winter than in the remaining seasons. In addition, emergent hemodialysis initiation due to fluid overload was most frequent in winter in the late elderly group.
Genealogies of exception: Writing histories of North‐East India
Authors: Sen Anandaroop 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe North‐East in India is a shorthand for a territory built on violence, commodity extraction and exceptional laws. For years now, the region has nurtured a stygian discontent. However, instead of succumbing to the despair and disapproval of technocrats and security personnel such crises usually evokes, one can find political and analytical sustenance in such turbulent histories. Often in the histories of ‘failed’ states, ‘disturbed’ frontiers and borderlands, one finds cyphers to modern governance. In this sense, the North‐East is quite au courant. In this analytically productive sense, the essay will discuss the recent and older trends of historiographies of the North‐East. How is the North‐East located within South Asian historiography? How does it speak to academic collectives beyond the Indian/South Asian historiography? How does the political discord and potential of the region shape academic engagements? Answers to these questions will provide insight into the production and nature of academic silos or lumps as the North‐East simultaneously poses as a political problematic at the heart of Indian democracy and a component of an emergent field of South‐Asian, South‐East Asian and global scholarship.
Protein profile and antioxidant capacity of processed seeds from two common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivars
Authors: Rossi Gabriela Barbosa , Seraglio Siluana Katia Tischer , Honaiser Tuany Camila , Toaldo Isabela Maia , Costa Ana Carolina de Oliveira , Faria Josias Correa de , Arisi Ana Carolina Maisonnave 
Published: December 2021

AbstractCommon bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) seeds are an economical protein source rich in bioactive compounds with antioxidant activity. In this work, we evaluated processed seeds from two common bean cultivars regarding protein profile and antioxidant capacity before and after enzymatic digestion in vitro. We provided protein maps by two‐dimensional electrophoresis (2‐DE) of seeds germinated during 36 h and 72 h. The principal component analysis (PCA) showed that protein abundance had more variation on germination times than the cultivar ones. Seeds germinated for 36 h showed greater antioxidant capacity compared to germination for 72 h and cooking, before and after enzymatic digestion. In protein isolates, cooking associated with digestion provided better antioxidant capacity. Germination time influences protein expression as well as the antioxidant capacity of common beans. Furthermore, in vitro digestion increases the antioxidant capacity of cooked bean protein isolates.
Enhanced anticancer effect of quercetin microparticles formulation obtained by spray drying
Authors: Caruana Roberto , Montalbano Francesco , Zizzo Maria Grazia , Puleio Roberto , Caldara Gaetano , Cicero Luca , Cassata Giovanni , Licciardi Mariano 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis study unravels a formulation made of food‐based microparticles (MPs) able to control the release of quercetin, a natural anticancer compound, which activity is only limited by its poor aqueous solubility and consequent low bioavailability. To solve this issue, a spray‐dried micro delivery system was developed using a bench mini spray dryer B290 Buchi. The resulting MPs were only manufactured with food‐derived ingredients such as whey proteins and milk, avoiding the use of any other synthetic material. These microparticles were characterised with a testing campaign encompassing either the physical–chemical characterisation with SEM, DSC and DLS, or the technological and biological features with in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo studies, the latter being characterised by a human colon cancer xenograft model. These studies showed as the quercetin solubility and release rate improved when tested in condition mimicking oral administration, resulting in a general improvement of its bioavailability and the consequent anticancer activity. This study shows as the whey proteins may serves as natural adjuvant able to provide valuable technological features when used to manufactures micro carriers by spray drying.
Missed nursing care, nurse staffing levels and patient safety outcomes in low‐income country acute care settings: An observational study
Authors: Assaye Ashagre Molla , Wiechula Richard , Schultz Timothy J. , Feo Rebecca 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAimsThe aim of this study was to measure the level of missed nursing care and determine its relationship with nurse staffing and patient safety outcomes in acute care settings in Ethiopia.BackgroundMissed nursing care in hospitals increases the likelihood of patient adverse events, complications, disability and death. However, little is known about the level of missed nursing care and its impact on patient outcomes in low‐income countries.MethodsAn observational study was conducted comprising of a survey of nurses at two time points (n = 74 and 80, respectively) and a medical record review of 517 patients in four units across two hospitals between September 2018 and March 2019.ResultsThe level of missed nursing care in the study units was very high. The hospital type and hours nurses worked during the last week were significantly associated with missed nursing care. A unit increase in missed nursing care score increased the incidence of adverse patient outcomes by 10%.ConclusionThere was a higher level of missed nursing care in the study units compared with similar studies from high‐income countries. Higher level of missed nursing care was significantly associated with higher incidence of adverse patient safety outcomes.
Comparative proteome analysis identified CD44 as a possible serum marker for docetaxel resistance in castration‐resistant prostate cancer
Authors: Keresztes Dávid , Csizmarik Anita , Nagy Nikolett , Módos Orsolya , Fazekas Tamás , Bracht Thilo , Sitek Barbara , Witzke Kathrin , Puhr Martin , Sevcenco Sabina , Kramer Gero , Shariat Shahrokh , Küronya Zsófia , Takács László , Tornyi Ilona , Lázár József , Hadaschik Boris , Lászik András , Szűcs Miklós , Nyirády Péter , Szarvas Tibor 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBaseline or acquired resistance to docetaxel (DOC) represents a significant risk for patients with metastatic prostate cancer (PC). In the last years, novel therapy regimens have been approved providing reasonable alternatives for DOC‐resistant patients making prediction of DOC resistance of great clinical importance. We aimed to identify serum biomarkers, which are able to select patients who will not benefit from DOC treatment. DOC‐resistant PC3‐DR and DU145‐DR sublines and their sensitive parental cell lines (DU145, PC3) were comparatively analyzed using liquid chromatography‐coupled tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS). Results were filtered using bioinformatics approaches to identify promising serum biomarkers. Serum levels of five proteins were determined in serum samples of 66 DOC‐treated metastatic castration‐resistant PC patients (mCRPC) using ELISA. Results were correlated with clinicopathological and survival data. CD44 was subjected to further functional cell culture analyses. We found at least 177 two‐fold significantly overexpressed proteins in DOC‐resistant cell lines. Our bioinformatics method suggested 11/177 proteins to be secreted into the serum. We determined serum levels of five (CD44, MET, GSN, IL13RA2 and LNPEP) proteins in serum samples of DOC‐treated patients and found high CD44 serum levels to be independently associated with poor overall survival (p = 0.001). In accordance, silencing of CD44 in DU145‐DR cells resulted in re‐sensitization to DOC. In conclusion, high serum CD44 levels may help identify DOC‐resistant patients and may thereby help optimize clinical decision‐making regarding type and timing of therapy for mCRPC patients. In addition, our in vitro results imply the possible functional involvement of CD44 in DOC resistance.
The effectiveness of in‐office dental bleaching with and without sonic activation: A randomized, split‐mouth, double‐blind clinical trial
Authors: de Moura Martins Leandro , de Azevedo Cardoso Gabriel Guedes , de Lima Liliane Motta , Rezende Marcia , Sutil Elisama , Reis Alessandra , Loguercio Alessandro D. , da Silva Luciana Mendonça 
Published: December 2021

AbstractObjectiveThis study was aimed at comparing the bleaching efficacy and bleaching sensitivity (BS) of two higher‐concentration in‐office bleaching gels (37% carbamide peroxide [CP] and 38% hydrogen peroxide [HP]) applied under two conditions: alone or in association with sonic activation.MethodsFifty‐six volunteers were randomly assigned in the split‐mouth design into the following groups: CP, CP with sonic activation (CPS), HP, and HP with sonic activation (HPS). Two in‐office bleaching sessions were performed. Color was evaluated using Vita Classical, Vita Bleachedguide, and digital spectrophotometer at baseline and at 30 days post‐bleaching. Absolute risk and intensity of BS were recorded using two pain scales. All data were evaluated statistically (color changes [t test], BS [Chi‐square and McNemar test], and BS intensity [VAS; t test; NRS; Wilcoxon; α = 0.05]).ResultsSignificant and higher whitening was observed for HP when compared with CP (p < 0.04). However, higher BS intensity was observed in the former (p < 0.001). No significant difference was observed in whitening effect or BS when the HP or CP bleaching gels were agitated (sonic application) compared with when they were not (p > 0.05).ConclusionThe 37% CP gel demonstrated lower bleaching efficacy and lower BS compared with the 38% HP bleaching gel. The whitening effect was not influenced by the use of sonic activation.Clinical significanceThe use of 37% CP gel did not achieve the same whitening effect when compared to 38% HP gel used for in‐office bleaching. The use of sonic activation offers no benefit for in‐office bleaching.
Professional and psychological perceptions of emergency nurses during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A qualitative study
Authors: Kandemir Didem , Yılmaz Ayşegül , Sönmez Betül 
Published: December 2021

AbstractAimTo explore the changing roles and responsibilities, difficulties, feelings, and coping strategies of emergency nurses during the COVID‐19 pandemic.MethodsThis study was conducted as a qualitative study using a phenomenological approach. A total of 12 emergency nurses were recruited using purposive sampling from a COVID‐19‐designated hospital in Konya, Turkey for qualitative study. Data were collected through semi‐structured individual interviews in January 2021. The data were analyzed using the content analysis method with the MAXQDA 2020 software program. The study conforms to the consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research checklist.ResultsFour theme categories emerged from the data analysis: (a) “Increasing roles and responsibilities as an emergency nurse”; (b) “Difficulties of working in pandemic conditions”; (c) “Emotional responses in the pandemic”; and (d) “Strategies for coping with the effects of the pandemic”. In this study, it was determined that emergency nurses had increased roles and responsibilities due to physicians being in the background, fulfilled their roles and responsibilities in a chaotic working environment, experienced many positive and negative feelings together or gradually, and applied individual coping strategies.ConclusionsThis study indicated that emergency nurses fulfilled their increasing roles and responsibilities on the frontlines in a chaotic working environment during the pandemic. Despite many negative feelings, it was determined that they tried to show psychological adjustment and resilience with a strong professional commitment and social support.
Detection of early myocardial cell death in owl monkeys (Aotus nancymai) using complement component C9 immunohistochemistry in formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded heart tissues: A retrospective study
Authors: Gozalo Alfonso S. , Lambert Lynn E. , Zerfas Patricia M. , Elkins William R. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundOwl monkeys are commonly used in biomedical research which is affected by the high incidence of cardiomyopathy in this species. Occasionally, owl monkeys with no clinical signs of heart disease are found dead and at necropsy show no, or very mild, cardiomyopathy. A possible explanation for sudden death is acute myocardial infarction; however, early myocardial changes may be difficult to assess by conventional stains and light microscopy.MethodsComplement component C9 immunohistochemistry was performed in paraffin‐embedded heart tissue samples from owl monkeys who died suddenly, or were euthanized due to sickness, to determine whether these animals suffered from acute myocardial infarcts.Results and ConclusionC9 deposits were found in the myocardium of 19 out of 20 (95%) animals. The findings in this study suggest owl monkeys suffer from acute myocardial infarcts, and complement component C9 immunohistochemistry may be a useful diagnostic tool.
Corrective treatment for tear trough deformity in a young population utilizing two‐dimensional fat injections
Authors: Su Yongsheng , Zhong Jieguang , Lu Shurong 
Published: December 2021

AbstractObjectivesTear trough deformity (TTD) is becoming a growing concern for those seeking facial rejuvenation, and various treatment strategies have been reported. Among treatment options is micro‐autologous fat injection, which appears to be an effective approach to recontour the tear trough in the young. The study we present here investigated the reliability and effectiveness of two‐dimensional fat injections (TDFI) in the treatment of young patients with TTD.MethodsThis study evaluated patients with TTD who underwent TDFI between December 2018 and December 2020. The proposed procedure involved ligament releasing and fat injection into the tear trough in two different directions.ResultsThe average age of the 102 enrolled patients was 25.9 ± 3.8 years. Significant improvement and maintenance of TTD were observed during the follow‐up period (13.2 months average) with no major complications being observed. Improvement of dark cycles and enhanced aegyo sal were observed. Patient satisfaction based upon self‐administered post‐procedure questionnaires disclosed that 58.8% were very satisfied, 38.2% were satisfied, and 2.9% neutral with the results.ConclusionsTwo‐dimensional fat injections is an effective and reliable method with high satisfaction and low risk of complication. Long‐term results demonstrated its utility for young‐type TTD.
Analysis of pathogenic factors of Candida albicans and the effect of vaginal immunization on recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis in mice
Authors: Shao Ming‐Kun , Qi Wen‐Jin , Hou Meng‐Yao , Luo Dan‐Dan 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe role of fungal pathogenic factors and the immune response of the vaginal epithelium in vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) and recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (RVVC) are still unclear. Our study wants to clarify whether there are differences in pathogenic factors between VVC and RVVC strains, confirm the roles of pathogenic factors in the pathogenesis of RVVC, and analyze the influence of pathogenic factors on vaginal host immunity.MethodsVVC‐ and RVVC‐causing Candida albicans strains were genotyped with 25S rDNA. Drug susceptibility assays using a modified alamarBlue broth microdilution method were carried out. Milk culture medium and egg yolk culture medium were used to measure the secreted aspartate protease (Sap) and phospholipase (Plb) activity of the samples. We used C. albicans with different Sap activity levels to induce RVVC in mice and measured interleukin 4 (IL4), interleukin 8 (IL8), and interleukin 17 (IL17) in vaginal lavage fluid at different stages of RVVC infection.ResultsThere were no significant differences between VVC and RVVC fungi except that the Sap activity was lower for RVVC‐causing C. albicans than for VVC‐causing C. albicans. C. albicans with both strong Sap and weak Sap induced RVVC in mice. C. albicans with strong Sap had a reduced RVVC infection rate. In addition, C. albicans with strong Sap stimulated the vaginal epithelium to secrete more IL4, IL8, and IL17.ConclusionCompared with that of VVC‐causing C. albicans, the Sap activity of RVVC‐causing C. albicans was lower. C. albicans with strong Sap was less capable of causing repeated vaginal infections than that with weak Sap and stimulated the vaginal epithelium to produce more cytokines.
Gender behavior and influence in acceptability of beers produced with Rubim and Mastruz
Authors: Lazzari Anderson , Barbosa Heloisa Dias , Filho Evandro Ribeiro Machado , Dada Ana Paula , Saraiva Bianka Rocha , Matumoto‐Pintro Paula Toshimi 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe consumption of craft and specialized beer across the world has changed, since it passed from something little known to a familiar product among consumers, which has led to brewers incorporating new flavors and ingredients in beer. Regarding this subject, this study aimed to determine physical–chemical properties, acceptability, and gender behavior on beers with Rubim and Mastruz as hops bitterness substitution, following the proportion: 25, 50, 75, and 100%. A consumer trial (n = 84) was conducted to determine acceptability of nine beers. The participants were asked to rate their opinion about the color, aroma, flavor, overall acceptance, and bitterness intensity. Consumers assessed purchase intention. The hops bitterness substitution affected physical–chemical and sensory properties of beers. International bitterness units (IBU) decreased with increased levels of hops substitution, and the sensorially bitterness was felt by men and women. All beers presented purchase intention for men and women. Gender influenced choices and purchase intention of beers, since women usually look for new flavors, as men are mostly influenced by previous experiences and friendship recommendation.Practical applicationsThis study brings significant information about the factors considered by consumers when they purchase and consume craft beer, aiming the influence by gender. The results were obtained by simple sensory methodologies, such as hedonic scales values, which took into consideration the consumers' appraisal and evaluated it by multivariate approaches, as Principal component analysis (PCA). With the emergence of craft beers, the results of this study emphasize consumer characteristics that can describe the relationship between perceived sensory complexity and appraisal, as well as evaluate how beer knowledge and familiarity with beer impact their decisions, which will help craft brewers market their beers effectively.
Constraints on the formation of carbonates and low‐grade metamorphic phases in the Martian crust as a function of H2O‐CO2 fluids
Authors: Semprich Julia , Filiberto Justin , Treiman Allan H. , Schwenzer Susanne P. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractLow‐grade metamorphic hydrous minerals and carbonates occur in various settings on Mars and in Martian meteorites. We present constraints on the stability of prehnite, zeolites, serpentine, and carbonates by modeling the influence of H2O‐CO2 fluids during low‐grade metamorphism in the Martian crust using compositions of a Martian basalt and an ultramafic cumulate. In basaltic compositions with 5 wt% fluid, our models predict prehnite in less oxidized, CO2‐poor conditions (≤0.44 mol kg−1 CO2) on warmer geotherms of 20 °C km−1. At fluid‐saturated conditions, epidote and laumontite are replaced by quartz, calcite, chlorite, and muscovite. In ultramafic compositions with 5 wt% fluid, antigorite (serpentine) is stable at CO2‐poor conditions of ≤0.33 mol kg−1, while talc forms at 0.05–0.56 mol kg−1 CO2. At fluid‐saturated conditions, antigorite is replaced by talc and chlorite, and at higher X(CO2) by magnesite and quartz. Our models therefore suggest that prehnite, zeolites, and serpentine have formed in a CO2‐poor environment on Mars implying that fluids during their formation either did not contain high amounts of CO2 or had degassed CO2. Carbonates and potentially talc would have formed in the presence of a CO2‐bearing fluid and therefore at different alteration stages than for prehnite, zeolites, and serpentine either in the same hydrothermal event during which the fluid composition changed gradually due to cooling and precipitation or by separate and successive alteration events with fluids of different compositions.