bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ambidexterity's influence on export strategy development—The case of the Indian pharmaceutical industry
Authors: Kolte Ashutosh , Festa Giuseppe , Rossi Matteo , Thrassou Alkis , Vrontis Demetris , Christofi Michael 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis study investigates the influence that business ambidexterity of the Indian pharmaceutical industry can exert on exports, after the evolution from producer—often with the support of foreign direct investments (FDIs)—to researcher. The growth rate of the sector has changed pace with the introduction of new rules regarding patents, impelling pharma enterprises to invest in research and development (R&D), also for the peculiar category of AYUSH. However, many aspects of this industrial evolution are, if anything, under researched. To fill this gap in knowledge, this research adopts a quantitative methodology on secondary data to investigate the effects and potentialities of ambidexterity, providing evidence from descriptive and inferential statistics. Insisting on traditional production of generics (exploitation) and investing in R&D (exploration) have been coherent with the rise in exports, but several factors still impede the development of the commercial potential of the Indian pharmaceutical industry, mostly due to low per capita health care spending, absence of reliable infrastructure, and severe market competition.
Use of bone anchors for the treatment of partial and complete traumatic elbow luxations: A retrospective case series of three dogs
Authors: Logothetou Vasileia , Pappa Eirini , Pettitt Rob , Comerford Eithne 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThree dogs presented with traumatic lateral elbow luxation following road traffic accidents. Concurrent injuries included skin abrasions and coxofemoral luxation. All luxations were reduced and stabilised with bone anchors through a lateral approach to the elbow joint and had an augmented or prosthetic lateral collateral ligament placed. One elbow joint was stabilised with FASTak anchor (Arthrex, Karsfeld, Germany) and two with suture anchors by IMEX bone anchor (Veterinary, Longview, TX). Reluxation occurred in one case 24 hours after discharge requiring revision surgery. Median follow‐up time for the three cases was 180 days (range: 49–2920) and the functional outcome was considered excellent in all cases as determined by veterinary assessment, clinical record reviews, owner communication and Liverpool Osteoarthritis in Dogs (LOAD) questionnaire. In conclusion, placement of bone anchors with augmentation of the lateral collateral ligament for management of traumatic elbow luxation in dogs is a good alternative to previously reported surgical techniques.
Free‐Standing Few‐Layer Tellurene Nanosheets: Simple Solution‐Phase Synthesis and Electronic Structure
Authors: Bhui Animesh , Roychowdhury Subhajit , Sen Arpita , Waghmare Umesh V. , Biswas Kanishka 
Published: May 2022

AbstractMechanical stirring of bulk Te in N‐methyl‐2‐pyrrolidone (NMP) solution at room temperature resulted in the formation of free‐standing few‐layer (∼1.2–2.8 nm) crystalline ultrathin nanosheets of tellurene with a large lateral thickness (∼1–1.6 μm) as confirmed by atomic force microscopy (AFM). High‐resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) confirms the presence of α‐ and β‐phases of tellurene. First‐principle density functional theoretical (DFT) based electronic structure calculations demonstrate the indirect band gap of bi‐layer β‐tellurene. The band gap decreases with increasing number of layers in the tellurene nanosheet.
Novel constraints on neutrino physics beyond the standard model from the CONUS experiment
Authors:   The CONUS collaboration, Bonet H. , Bonhomme A. , Buck C. , Fülber K. , Hakenmüller J. , Heusser G. , Hugle T. , Lindner M. , Maneschg W. , Rink T. , Strecker H. , Wink R. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The measurements of coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CEνNS) experiments have opened up the possibility to constrain neutrino physics beyond the standard model of elementary particle physics. Furthermore, by considering neutrino-electron scattering in the keV-energy region, it is possible to set additional limits on new physics processes. Here, we present constraints that are derived from Conus germanium data on beyond the standard model (BSM) processes like tensor and vector non-standard interactions (NSIs) in the neutrino-quark sector, as well as light vector and scalar mediators. Thanks to the realized low background levels in the Conus experiment at ionization energies below 1 keV, we are able to set the world’s best limits on tensor NSIs from CEνNS and constrain the scale of corresponding new physics to lie above 360 GeV. For vector NSIs, the derived limits strongly depend on the assumed ionization quenching factor within the detector material, since small quenching factors largely suppress potential signals for both, the expected standard model CEνNS process and the vector NSIs. Furthermore, competitive limits on scalar and vector mediators are obtained from the CEνNS channel at reactor-site which allow to probe coupling constants as low as 5 ∙ 10−5 of low mediator masses, assuming the currently favored quenching factor regime. The consideration of neutrino-electron scatterings allows to set even stronger constraints for mediator masses below ∼ 1 MeV and ∼ 10 MeV for scalar and vector mediators, respectively.
Coupled Eulerian–Lagrangian simulation and experimental investigation of indexable drilling
Authors: Svensson Daniel , Andersson Tobias , Andersson Lassila Andreas 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn many industries, indexable insert drills are used to cost effectively produce short holes. However, common problems such as chatter vibrations, premature tool wear and generation of long curly chips that cause poor chip evacuation make optimization of the drilling process challenging and time-consuming. Therefore, robust predictive models of indexable drilling processes are desirable to support the development towards improved tool designs, enhanced cutting processes and increased productivity. This paper presents 3D finite element simulations of indexable drilling of AISI4140 workpieces. The Coupled Eulerian–Lagrangian framework is employed, and the focus is to predict the drilling torque, thrust force, temperature distributions and chip geometries. To reduce the computational effort, the cutting process is modelled separately for the peripheral and the central inserts. The total thrust force and torque are predicted by superposing the predicted result for each insert. Experiments and simulations are conducted at a constant rotational velocity of 2400 rpm and feed rates of 0.13, 0.16 and 0.18 mm/rev. While the predicted torques are in excellent agreement, the thrust forces showed discrepancies of 12 - 20% to the experimental measured data. Effects of the friction modelling on the predicted torque and thrust force are outlined, and possible reasons for the thrust force discrepancies are discussed in the paper. Additionally, the simulations indicate that the tool, chip and the local workpiece temperature distributions are virtually unaffected by the feed rate.
Regularity of the distance function from arbitrary closed sets
Authors: Kolasiński Sławomir , Santilli Mario 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWe investigate the distance function $$\varvec{\delta }_{K}^{\phi }$$

δ

K

ϕ

from an arbitrary closed subset K of a finite-dimensional Banach space $$ (\mathbf {R}^{n}, \phi ) $$

(

R

n

,
ϕ
)

, equipped with a uniformly convex $$ \mathscr {C}^{2} $$

C
2

-norm $$ \phi $$
ϕ
. These spaces are known as Minkowski spaces and they are one of the fundamental spaces of Finslerian geometry (see Martini et al. in Expo Math 19:97–142, 2001, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0723-0869(01)80025-6). We prove that the gradient of $$\varvec{\delta }_{K}^{\phi }$$

δ

K

ϕ

satisfies a Lipschitz property on the complement of the $$\phi $$
ϕ
-cut-locus of K (a.k.a. the medial axis of $$\mathbf {R}^{n} {{\,\mathrm{\sim }\,}}K$$

R

n

∼

K

) and we prove a structural result for the set of points outside K where $$\varvec{\delta }_{K}^{\phi }$$

δ

K

ϕ

is pointwise twice differentiable, providing an answer to a question raised by Hiriart-Urruty (Am Math Mon 89:456–458, 1982, https://doi.org/10.2307/2321379). Our results give sharp generalisations of some classical results in the theory of distance functions and they are motivated by critical low-regularity examples for which the available results gives no meaningful or very restricted informations. The results of this paper find natural applications in the theory of partial differential equations and in convex geometry.
Ultrasound-induced protein restructuring and ordered aggregation to form amyloid crystals
Authors: Pathak Rachana , Bhangu Sukhvir Kaur , Martin Gregory J. O. , Separovic Frances , Ashokkumar Muthupandian 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAmyloid crystals, a form of ordered protein aggregates documented relatively recently, have not been studied as extensively as amyloid fibres. This study investigates the formation of amyloid crystals with low frequency ultrasound (20 kHz) using β-lactoglobulin, as a model protein for amyloid synthesis. Acoustic cavitation generates localised zones of intense shear, with extreme heat and pressure that could potentially drive the formation of amyloid structures at ambient bulk fluid temperatures (20 ± 1 °C). Thioflavin T fluorescence and electron microscopy showed that low-frequency ultrasound at 20 W/cm3 input power induced β-stacking to produce amyloid crystals in the mesoscopic size range, with a mean length of approximately 22 µm. FTIR spectroscopy indicated a shift towards increased intermolecular antiparallel β-sheet content. An increase in sonication time (0–60 min) and input power (4–24 W/cm3) increased the mean crystal length, but this increase was not linearly proportional to sonication time and input power due to the delayed onset of crystal growth. We propose that acoustic cavitation causes protein unfolding and aggregation and imparts energy to aggregates to cross the torsion barrier, to achieve their lowest energy state as amyloid crystals. The study contributes to a further understanding of protein chemistry relating to the energy landscape of folding and aggregation. Ultrasound presents opportunities for practical applications of amyloid structures, presenting a more adaptable and scalable approach for synthesis.
Graphical abstract
Checkpoint-inhibitor induced Polyserositis with Edema
Authors: Zierold Sarah , Akcetin Larissa Semra , Gresser Eva , Maier Anna Marie , König Alexander , Kramer Rafaela , Theurich Sebastian , Tomsitz Dirk , Erdmann Michael , French Lars E. , Rudelius Martina , Heinzerling Lucie 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
As immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) are increasingly being used due to effectiveness in various tumor entities, rare side effects occur more frequently. Pericardial effusion has been reported in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after or under treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors. However, knowledge about serositis and edemas induced by checkpoint inhibitors in other tumor entities is scarce.

Methods and results
Four cases with sudden onset of checkpoint inhibitor induced serositis (irSerositis) are presented including one patient with metastatic cervical cancer, two with metastatic melanoma and one with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In all cases treatment with steroids was successful in the beginning, but did not lead to complete recovery of the patients. All patients required multiple punctures. Three of the patients presented with additional peripheral edema; in one patient only the lower extremities were affected, whereas the entire body, even face and eyelids were involved in the other patients. In all patients serositis was accompanied by other immune-related adverse events (irAEs).

Conclusion
ICI-induced serositis and effusions are complex to diagnose and treat and might be underdiagnosed. For differentiation from malignant serositis pathology of the punctured fluid can be helpful (lymphocytes vs. malignant cells). Identifying irSerositis as early as possible is essential since steroids can improve symptoms.
Which femoral neck for a dual mobility cup? A biomechanical evaluation
Authors: Wegrzyn Julien , Longaray Jason , Baez Rafael , Herrera Lizeth 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Purpose
This study aimed to evaluate polyethylene (PE) damage and wear lesions to the chamfer of mobile components under mobile and fixed femoral neck impingement at the third articulation, and to determine which femoral neck characteristics should be considered with a dual mobility cup to limit those lesions.

Methods
Two femoral neck geometries (cylindrical and quadrangular) with two surface finishing roughness (rough and polished), and two head-to-neck ratios (28- and 22.2-mm diameter femoral heads) were evaluated in a hip simulator testing. For each characteristic, six femoral necks were tested with six dual mobility cups under fixed and mobile femoral neck impingement conditions. Chamfer PE damage and volumetric wear were evaluated and compared for each femoral neck characteristic and impingement condition.

Results
Under mobile impingement condition, femoral neck characteristics did not significantly affect PE damage and wear lesions to the chamfer (p = 0.283 to 0.810). However, under fixed impingement condition, significantly higher PE damage and wear lesions to the chamfer were produced by the quadrangular geometry compared to the cylindrical geometry (p = 0.004 to 0.025). In addition, with the quadrangular geometry, rough surface finishing was demonstrated to increase volumetric wear of the chamfer (p = 0.009). No significant influence of head-to-neck ratio was observed on PE damage and wear lesions to the chamfer (p = 0.244 to 0.714).

Discussion
This biomechanical study emphasized that femoral neck characteristics are critical with dual mobility cup and tend to favor a cylindrical geometry particularly whether fixed impingement at the third articulation occurs.
Lateral malleolar fractures Weber Type A and B: does percutaneous intramedullary screw confer a solid alternative to the traditional neutralization plate?
Authors: Zawam Sherif Hamdy , Mabrouk Mohamed Goda , El-Desouky Mahmoud Ahmed 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To compare the clinical results, complication rates, and radiographic outcome between both methods of fixation of lateral malleolar fractures: lateral neutralization plates and intramedullary fully threaded screws.

Patients and methods
This prospective case series study involved 73 patients with fractured lateral malleolus of type A, B according to Weber classification, to whom internal fixation was performed by either lateral plate and screws construct (Group A) or intramedullary screw (Group B). All patients were followed up for 12 months at least, with an average follow-up time of 12.7 months.

Results
There was no significant difference in the functional outcome score between both groups. The intramedullary screw group had a significantly shorter operative time and time to full union (P<0.001 and =0.006 respectively). There was a relatively higher accuracy of reduction with the plate fixation group, but it was statistically insignificant. There was a relatively fewer complication rate with the use of intramedullary screw fixation compared to plate fixation.

Conclusion
The use of intramedullary fixation is a good alternative for plate fixation in low fibular fractures (Weber A and B). Although plate fixation provides an optimal anatomic reconstruction of the fractures, intramedullary fixation may have a lower risk of complications.
The predictability study of the two flavors of ENSO in the CESM model from 1881 to 2017
Authors: Liu Ting , Song Xunshu , Tang Youmin 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn this study, we evaluated the predictability of the two flavors of the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) based on a long-term retrospective prediction from 1881 to 2017 with the Community Earth System Model. Specifically, the Central-Pacific (CP) ENSO has a more obvious Spring Predictability Barrier and lower deterministic prediction skill than the Eastern-Pacific (EP) ENSO. The potential predictability declines with lead time for both the two flavors of ENSO, and the EP ENSO has a higher upper limit of the prediction skill as compared with the CP ENSO. The predictability of the two flavors of ENSO shows distinct interdecadal variation for both actual skill and potential predictability; however, their trends in the predictability are not synchronized. The signal component controls the seasonal and interdecadal variations of predictability for the two flavors of ENSO, and has larger contribution to the CP ENSO than the EP ENSO. There is significant scope for improvement in predicting the two flavors of ENSO, especially for the CP ENSO.
Endolymphatic hydrops in the unaffected ear of patients with unilateral Ménière’s disease
Authors: Guajardo-Vergara Carlos , Suárez-Vega Victor , Dominguez Pablo , Manrique-Huarte Raquel , Arbizu Lorea , Pérez-Fernández Nicolás 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Current studies show that frequency tuning modification is a good marker for the detection of endolymphatic hydrops (EH) employing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with Ménière’s disease (MD). The purpose of the present study is to analyze the auditory and vestibular function with audiometric and vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials (VEMP) responses, respectively, in both the affected and unaffected ears of patients with unilateral MD using MRI as diagnostic support for the degree of EH.

Methods
We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 76 consecutive patients with unilateral definite MD (age 55 (28–75); 39 women, 37 men). MRI was used through intravenous gadolinium administration, audiometry, and VEMPs. Functional tests were performed up to a week after the MRI. All were followed up one year after imaging utilizing clinical, auditory, and vestibular testing to rule out bilateral involvement.

Results
In the unaffected ear, the mean pure-tone average is normal even in cases with hydrops and, for a similar severity of hydrops is significantly lower than in the affected ear. Significant differences for the amplitude of the response at 0.5 kHz, at 1 kHz between the affected and unaffected ears were found to be lower in the affected ears. The relative amplitude ratio (1 Kz–0.5 kHz) was significantly lower in the affected ear and in the case of the oVEMP response depends on the degree of EH. The response in the unaffected ear was not modified by the presence or the degree of hydrops.

Conclusion
In the unaffected ear, hydrops is not associated with hearing deterioration. For a similar degree of hydrops, hearing loss is significantly greater in the affected ear. The endolymphatic hydrops in the vestibule induces a frequency bias in the VEMP response only in the affected ear and not in the unaffected ear. Because of these findings we consider that hydrops does not represent an active disorder in the unaffected ear.
Elevated serum Neurofilament Light chain (NfL) as a potential biomarker of neurological involvement in Myotonic Dystrophy type 1 (DM1)
Authors: Nicoletti Tommaso F. , Rossi Salvatore , Vita Maria Gabriella , Perna Alessia , Guerrera Gisella , Lino Federica , Iacovelli Chiara , Di Natale Daniele , Modoni Anna , Battistini Luca , Silvestri Gabriella 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Cognitive and behavioural symptoms due to involvement of the central nervous system (CNS) are among the main clinical manifestations of Myotonic Dystrophy type 1 (DM1). Such symptoms affect patients’ quality of life and disease awareness, impacting on disease prognosis by reducing compliance to medical treatments. Therefore, CNS is a key therapeutic target in DM1. Deeper knowledge of DM1 pathogenesis is prompting development of potential disease-modifying therapies: as DM1 is a rare, multisystem and slowly progressive disease, there is need of sensitive, tissue-specific prognostic and monitoring biomarkers in view of forthcoming clinical trials. Circulating Neurofilament light chain (NfL) levels have been recognized as a sensitive prognostic and monitoring biomarker of neuroaxonal damage in various CNS disorders.

Methods
We performed a cross-sectional study in a cohort of 40 adult DM1 patients, testing if serum NfL might be a potential biomarker of CNS involvement also in DM1. Moreover, we collected cognitive data, brain MRI, and other DM1-related diagnostic findings for correlation studies.

Results
Mean serum NfL levels resulted significantly higher in DM1 (25.32 ± 28.12 pg/ml) vs 22 age-matched healthy controls (6.235 ± 0.4809 pg/ml). Their levels positively correlated with age, and with one cognitive test (Rey’s Auditory Verbal learning task). No correlations were found either with other cognitive data, or diagnostic parameters in the DM1 cohort.

Conclusions
Our findings support serum NfL as a potential biomarker of CNS damage in DM1, which deserves further evaluation on larger cross-sectional and longitudinal studies to test its ability in assessing brain disease severity and/or progression.
The Future Direction of Pit Lakes: Part 2, Corporate and Regulatory Closure Needs to Improve Management
Authors: Vandenberg Jerry , Schultze Martin , McCullough Cherie D. , Castendyk Devin 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPit lakes may present significant risks to ecological and human receiving environments but can also provide beneficial end use opportunities. The understanding of many processes that influence the magnitude of these risks and opportunities remains limited, and even where our understanding is adequate, the application of that knowledge is not consistently applied. From initial planning to long-term closure, regulation and corporate management of pit lake closure can be improved to realise more sustainable pit lake legacies. In this two-part manuscript, we recommend focus areas for future research by academics (Part 1), and strategies to structurally improve the practice of pit lake closure for mining industry regulators, corporate sustainability officers, global practice leads, and site mine closure planners (Part 2). Here we identify barriers that often limit the understanding of pit lake processes and closure practices and suggest ways that corporate leaders, closure practitioners, and regulators can improve pit lake management. Recommended corporate changes include: conducting risk assessments at an early planning stage; funding pit lake research and trials; allowing data sharing and case study publication; avoiding the simplifying assumption of a fully mixed pit lake when making predictions; integrating climate change into pit lake predictions; improving the quality of technical reporting; generating industry guidance for pit lake rehabilitation; maximizing opportunities for subaqueous, in-pit disposal of mine wastes; creating a positive legacy through beneficial uses of pit lakes; and verifying predictions using long-term monitoring. Recommended regulatory advancements include: raising expectations of corporate pit lake closure planning and execution; acknowledging good pit lake closure examples; balancing the need to simulate long closure periods with expectations of model reliability; considering the value of pit lakes as future water resources during permitting; and requiring closure costing and bonding commensurate to closure risk.