bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A finite element level set method based on adaptive octree meshes for thermal free‐surface flows
Authors: Xu Songzhe , Zhu Qiming , Fernando Milinda , Sundar Hari 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWe develop a parallel finite element computational framework based on the level set method and adaptive octree meshes for free‐surface flows. The discretized governing formulations are stabilized using a residual‐based variational multiscale method. We redistance the level set field and restore mass conservation after each time step. The octree mesh is adaptively refined according to the interface location, and the load is rebalanced across processes. The adaptive octree‐based level set method is verified and validated using a canonical problem of dam break without obstacle, and a mesh convergence study is carried out in this problem. The surface tension is further considered via a continuum surface force model in the method and validated using a problem of single bubble rising in ambient liquid. A parallel scaling analysis of this method is also performed for the bubble rising problem. The energy equation and Marangoni effect are finally considered in the method and validated using a problem of thermocapillary droplet migration with and without gravity. This work illustrates the ability of the framework to accurately model and predict free‐surface flows under various scenarios.
A higher tumor volume and undernutrition at diagnosis adversely affect the survival of children with Wilms tumor: A study of 200 patients
Authors: Rahiman Emine A , Trehan Amita , Jain Richa , Menon Prema , Kakkar Nandita , Srinivasan Radhika , Sodhi Kushaljit Singh , Saxena Akshay Kumar , Kapoor Rakesh , Bansal Deepak 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundDistinct prognostic factors for Wilms tumor (WT) in low‐ and middle‐income countries need identification.MethodsRetrospective study of patients with WT managed by the International Society of Pediatric Oncology (SIOP) approach for over 11 years (2005–2016) at a single center in Chandigarh, India.ResultsThe study included 200 patients (median age: 33.5 months). The tumor stage (SIOP) distribution included stage I (30%), II (36%), III (14%), IV (17%), and V (3%). The histology‐risk groups were low (8%), intermediate (84%), and high risk (9%). At diagnosis, 68 out of 190 (36%) patients were underweight. The median tumor volume at diagnosis was 481 ml (interquartile ratio [IQR]: 306.9, 686.8, n = 146). Following neoadjuvant chemotherapy, it reduced to 110 ml (IQR: 151.2, 222, n = 77). Treatment was abandoned in 20.5% of the patients. Treatment‐related mortality occurred in 13 of 179 (7.2%) patients. Relapse occurred in 26 of 158 (16.5%) patients. The 3‐year overall survival (OS) and event‐free survival (EFS) of patients who completed therapy were 78.3 and 72%, respectively. The stage (p = .013) and histology (p = .023) influenced OS. A lower OS in stage II (75.4%) versus stage III disease (83.7%) suggested understaging. Patients with a higher tumor volume at diagnosis (p = .005; odds ratio [OR]: 0.99; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.99–1.00) or a lower weight‐for‐age z‐score (p = .002; OR: 1.68; 95% CI: 1.21–2.33) had an increased risk of death or relapse.ConclusionsThe 3‐year OS and EFS of children who completed therapy were 78.3 and 72%, respectively. A higher tumor volume and lower weight‐for‐age z‐score at diagnosis were identified as distinct adverse prognostic factors. A likely suboptimal lymph node assessment (intraoperative and histopathology) contributed to the understaging of stage III to II disease and reduced survival.
Weibull reliability plots to study the strain rate effect on interfacial strengths of carbon fiber reinforced epoxy composites
Authors: Seif Charbel Y. , Hage Ilige S. , Hamade Ramsey F. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractTwo‐parameter Weibull reliability plots are utilized to determine the effects of strain rate on the interfacial strengths of unidirectional carbon fiber reinforced epoxy (CFRE) composites. Laminate specimens with two different fiber orientations are tested to failure under flexural loading. Type 1 laminates with fibers running parallel to specimen length (fiber orientation of 0° with respect to specimen span length) enable measuring inter‐laminar shear strength (ILSS) of the interface (between adjacent lamina) with locus of failure along beam mid ply. Seventy‐two type 1 laminates are tested at five levels of flexural strain rates: 1.89 * 10−5 to 9.37 * 10−2 s−1. Type 2 laminates with fibers running perpendicular to specimen length (fiber orientation of 90° with respect to specimen span length) enable measuring intra‐laminar (matrix/fiber) peel strength (ILPS) for tensile (mode I) strength of the matrix/fiber interface with locus of failure at beam bottom ply. Thirty‐six type 2 laminates are tested at three levels of flexural strain rates: 2.09 * 10−5 to 3.49 * 10−3 s−1. For each level of strain rate, Weibull plots are constructed. Stress values at failure probability (Pf) of 63.1% are assigned as strength values. The results show a slight decrease of the Weibull modulus, m, with increasing strain rates. The modulus decreases from 12.37 to 10.49 and from 11.11 to 9.68, for laminates type 1 and 2, respectively. For laminates type 1, ILSS increases with increasing strain rates rising 16.1% over the range of the tested strain rates. For laminates type 2, ILPS increases with increasing strain rates rising 38.1% over the range.
A comparative study between fiber orientation closure approximations and a new orthotropic closure
Authors: Al‐Qudsi Ahmad , Çelik Hakan , Neuhaus Jonas , Hopmann Christian 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn injection and compression molding simulation, orientation tensors provide an efficient way with less computational effort to calculate flow‐induced fiber orientations. In these flow calculations, the solution of any even‐ordered orientation tensor needs the following even higher‐ordered orientation tensor. Therefore, a closure is used in order to approximate the higher‐ordered orientation tensor as a function of the components of the lower‐ordered orientation tensors. There exist many closures of the fourth‐order orientation tensor in terms of the second‐order orientation. This paper gives a review with mathematical details for different closure approximations including simple closures, composite closures, eigenvalue‐ based orthotropic closures, invariant‐based closures, and neural‐network‐ based closures. Moreover, a new closure approximation that assumes an orthotropic stiffness tensor was suggested in this work. The results of the closure approximations were validated through the comparison of Young moduli between the closure approximations and the experimental results for both short‐ and long‐fiber‐reinforced composites.
EMI shielding of cobalt, red onion husk biochar and carbon short fiber‐PVA composite on X and Ku band frequencies
Authors: Devi G. , Nagabhooshanam N. , Chokkalingam Mohan , Sahu Santosh Kumar 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis present study discusses the effects of doped novel cobalt‐onion peel‐based water soluble Poly vinyl alcohol (PVA) composite for its electromagnetic interference shielding (EMI) effectiveness in high‐frequency bands such as X and Ku region. The primary aim of this study was to prepare a flexible electromagnetic shielding material for protecting electronic gadgets from the EMI effect. The biochar particles were prepared from red onion peel and mixed with cobalt/chopped carbon fiber (CCF) to form a compound structure. According to the results, the biochar and CCF addition improved the relative permittivity up to 9.6. Similarly, the hysteresis analysis showed a broad “S” curve for 2 vol% cobalt‐added PVA composite. Moreover the doped composites are better in mechanical properties and the highest tensile strength of 79 MPa with Shore‐D hardness of 37 was noted for PV3 composite designation. Finally, the highest wave shielding of −44.37 dB and − 49.62 dB for X and Ku band were observed for composite designation PVA4. This EMI shielding effectiveness improved composites could be used as shielding material for modern industrial, defense, and medical applications.
High strength, self‐healing, and anti‐freezing polyurethane ionogel based on multiple hydrogen bonding for wearable strain sensor
Authors: Wen Xiao , Xu Junhuai , Wang Haibo , Du Zongliang , Wang Shuang , Cheng Xu 
Published: July 2022

AbstractHydrogel‐based electronic skin sensors often suffer from low mechanical properties, poor durability, and low temperature resistance. Herein, an ionogel was fabricated by casting the water‐borne polyurethane (WPU) and 1‐ethyl‐3‐methylimidazoliumdicyanamide (EMIM:DCA). The imidazolidinyl urea with multiple hydrogen bonds as chain extenders was introduced into WPU systems. Owing to the multiple hydrogen bonds, the ionogels exhibited good mechanical properties with a tensile stress of 1.45–12.09 MPa, a strain of 730%–860%, and good resilience. Moreover, the mechanical properties, conductivity, and sensing ability of the ionogels could be conveniently healed with the assistance of heat. EMIM:DCA endowed the ionogels with excellent ionic conductivity at room temperature (1.8–246 μS cm−1). In addition, due to the low vapor pressure of EMIM:DCA, the ionogel exhibited excellent anti‐freezing property at −20°C. The ionogel can be assembled into a sensor to monitor the movements of human body with good responsiveness and stability.
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Authors: Vanpoucke Danny EP , Delgove Marie AF , Stouten Jules , Noordijk Jurrie , De Vos Nils , Matthysen Kamiel , Deroover Geert GP , Mehrkanoon Siamak , Bernaerts Katrien V 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe cover image is based on the Research Article A machine learning approach for the design of hyperbranched polymeric dispersing agents based on aliphatic polyesters for radiation‐curable inks by Danny EP Vanpoucke et al., https://doi.org/10.1002/pi.6378.
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Medicinal herbs in treating chemotherapy‐induced nausea and vomiting: A review
Authors: Rajabalizadeh Reza , Ghasemzadeh Rahbardar Mahboobeh , Hosseinzadeh Hossein 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCancer development entangles with mutation and selection for cells that progressively increase capacity for proliferation and metastasis at the cellular level. Surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy are the standard treatments to manage several types of cancer. Chemotherapy is toxic for both normal and cancer cells and can induce unfavorable conditions, such as chemotherapy‐induced nausea and vomiting (CINV), that reduce patients' quality of life. Emesis after chemotherapy is categorized into two classes acute and delayed. Since ancient times, herbal medicines have been used in various cultures to manage stomachache, vomiting, and nausea. In this manuscript, the antiemetic mechanisms of several herbal medicines and their preparations such as Zingiber officinale (5‐HT, NK‐1 receptor and muscarinic antagonist activity), Mentha spicata (5‐HT antagonist activity), Scutellaria baicalensis (antioxidant activity), Persumac (useful in delayed phase through antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, and anti‐contractile properties) and Rikkunshito (supportive in acute and delayed phase through 5‐HT receptor antagonist activity) have been reviewed to show their potential effects on decreasing CINV and attract scientists attention to formulate more herbal medicine to alleviate CINV in cancer patients. However, it is crucial to say that additional high‐quality investigations are required to firmly verify the clinical effectiveness and safety of each plant/compound.
Clinical characteristics and outcomes in pulmonary manifestations of systemic sclerosis: Contribution from pulmonary hypertension and interstitial lung disease severity
Authors: Sangani Ruchika A. , Lui Justin K. , Gillmeyer Kari R. , Trojanowski Marcin A. , Bujor Andreea M. , LaValley Michael P. , Klings Elizabeth S. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPatients with systemic sclerosis complicated by both pulmonary hypertension (SSc‐PH) and interstitial lung disease (SSc‐PH‐ILD) have poor prognosis compared to those with SSc‐PH or SSc‐ILD alone. Little is known of how ILD severity affects outcomes in those with SSc‐PH, or how PH severity affects outcomes in those with SSc‐ILD. Herein, we aimed to delineate clinical features of patients with SSc‐PH and SSc‐ILD and determine to what degree PH and ILD severity contribute to mortality in patients with SSc. We conducted parallel retrospective studies in cohorts of patients with SSc‐PH and SSc‐ILD. We categorized ILD severity by pulmonary function testing and PH severity by cardiopulmonary hemodynamics. Our primary outcome was all‐cause mortality from time of PH or ILD diagnosis for the SSc‐PH and SSc‐ILD cohorts, respectively. We calculated adjusted risks of time to all‐cause mortality using Cox proportional hazards models. In patients with SSc‐PH, severe ILD (HR: 3.54; 95% CI: 1.05, 11.99) was associated with increased hazards for all‐cause mortality. By contrast, mild and moderate ILD were not associated with increased mortality risk. In patients with SSc‐ILD, both moderate (HR: 2.65; 95% CI: 1.12, 6.31) and severe PH (HR: 6.60; 95% CI: 2.98, 14.61) were associated with increased hazards for all‐cause mortality, while mild PH was not. Through our parallel study design, the risk of all‐cause mortality increases as severity of concomitant ILD or PH worsens. Therapies that target slowing disease progression earlier in the disease course may be beneficial.
Two‐dimensional wavelet based statistical monitoring of image data
Authors: Koosha Mehdi , Noorossana Rassoul , Ahmadi Orod 
Published: July 2022

AbstractStatistical process monitoring techniques are widely used to monitor process stability. In high volume and highly automated processes, effective methods are required to monitor several quality characteristics of interest. Advances in imaging technology have paved the grounds to capture and analyze product images from different perspectives in real time. Advantages of considering images have led to their increasing role in process monitoring. When images are used for process monitoring, complicated data structures should be analyzed. Various methods including data transformation and dimension reduction have been proposed in the literature to cope with these complexities. In this paper, a two‐dimensional (2D) wavelet based method is proposed to monitor image data. A likelihood ratio test (LRT) is developed to monitor the expected values of wavelet coefficient, and the derived likelihood ratio based statistic is monitored over time to detect out‐of‐control conditions as well as change point estimation. This information can help practitioners to diagnose the process, find the potential assignable cause(s) and return the process to the in‐control state. One of the advantages of the proposed method compared to other competing methods is that the performance of the proposed method does not depend on the fault location. Simulation studies indicate satisfactory performance for the proposed method in detecting out‐of‐control conditions and estimating change points. Moreover, the performance of the proposed method is also compared to two existing approaches. The results reveal that the proposed approach performs superior in detecting either diagonal or square defects.
Tandem mass tagging combined with liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry technique to detect protein markers in gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma
Authors: Zheng Xiuli , Bi Yanna , Yang Tianshuo , Zhao Lianmei , Wu Mingli , Er Limian , Liu Yao , Li Shengmian 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundGastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma (GEJA) is a malignant tumor located at the junction of the esophagus and stomach, the incidence of which is increasing year by year, while screening for early biomarkers is limited. Tandem mass tagging (TMT) coupled with liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) has been used to screen for differential proteins in various cancers.MethodsDifferential proteins in GEJA and precancerous lesions were screened using TMT–LC/MS/MS, and then proteins that met expectations were selected for trend clustering analysis, combined with GO and KEGG analysis for functional annotation of differential proteins in GEJA. Then, parallel reaction monitoring and immunohistochemistry techniques were used to validate the accuracy of the proteomics data.ResultsOur group screened the differential proteins during GEJA progression using proteomics technology, analyzed the expression trends and functional regions involved in the differential proteins during carcinogenesis, and validated the accuracy of the experimental results.ConclusionsThe screening of differential proteins in GEJA carcinogenesis based on TMT–LC/MS/MS technology provides detailed information for the elucidation of GEJA progression process, pathogenesis, early screening and screening of candidate markers.
Efficient secure state estimation against sparse integrity attack for regular linear system
Authors: Li Zishuo , Mo Yilin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWe consider the problem of estimating the state of a time‐invariant linear Gaussian system in the presence of integrity attacks. The attacker can compromise out of sensors, the set of which is fixed over time and unknown to the system operator, and manipulate the measurements arbitrarily. Under the assumption that the system is regular and system matrix is non‐singular, we propose a secure estimation scheme that is resilient to ‐sparse attack as long as the system is ‐sparse detectable, which achieves the fundamental limit of secure dynamic estimation. In the absence of attack, the proposed estimation coincides with Kalman estimation with a certain probability that can be adjusted to trade‐off between performance with and without attack. Furthermore, the detectability condition checking in the designing phase and the estimation computing in the online operating phase are both computationally efficient. Two numerical examples including the IEEE 68 bus test system are provided to corroborate the results and illustrate the performance of the proposed estimator.
Synthesis of Quinoline and Polyhydroquinoline Derivatives Using Phloroglucinol Cored Amino Functionalized Dendritic Polymer as Catalyst
Authors: Vettukattil Unnikrishnan , Govindan Avudaiappan , Yousuf Naeema , Alex Saji , Krishnapillai Sreekumar 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPhloroglucinol cored primary amine‐functionalized G0 dendritic polymer (PHG−G0) was effectively synthesized. The polymer was characterized by different spectroscopic and analytical techniques including Fourier transform infrared (FT‐IR) and Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra, Thermogravimetric Analysis (TG‐DTG) and Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC). The catalytic efficiency of the PHG−G0 was evaluated in the three‐component one‐pot green synthesis of quinoline and four component synthesis of polyhydroquinoline derivatives. Quinoline derivatives were obtained 92 % of yield within 60 minutes in water/ethanol (1 : 1) (v/v) mixture as solvent and polyhydroquinoline derivatives were obtained 90 % of yield within 30 minutes in acetonitrile as solvent under reflux conditions. High amino group capacity and high thermal stability made the PHG−G0 dendritic polymer a good base catalyst. All the quinoline and polyhydroquinoline derivatives were characterized by determining the melting point, Fourier transform infrared (FT‐IR) and Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra. The present method is green, efficient, and cost‐effective. Catalyst can be reused up to four reaction cycles without any characteristic loss of its activity.
LOXL3‐promoted hepatocellular carcinoma progression via promotion of Snail1/USP4‐mediated epithelial‐mesenchymal transition
Authors: Li Rong , Shang Runze , Li Shunle , Ren Yifan , Shen Lin , Yang Longbao , Chen Shuo , Chen Xi , Li Junhui , Xu Meng 
Published: July 2022

AbstractLysyl‐oxidase‐like 3 (LOXL3) was reported to be essential in epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) of cancers. However, the role of LOXL3 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remained unclear. In this study, we explored clinical significance, biological functions, and regulatory mechanisms of LOXL3 in HCC. Our study found that LOXL3 expression was markedly associated with the tumor size and clinical stage of HCC, and it was highly expressed in tumor tissues of metastatic HCC patients. High expression of LOXL3 predicted a poor prognosis of HCC. TGF‐β1 treatment elevated LOXL3 protein expression and cell invasion, and reduced cell apoptosis in HCC cell lines (SMMC‐7721 and Huh‐7), while downregulation of LOXL3 reversed the promotive effects of TGF‐β1 treatment on LOXL3 protein expression and cell invasion, and the inhibitory effect on cell apoptosis. Mechanistically, LOXL3 interacted with snail family transcriptional repressor 1 (Snail1) through STRING database and RIP assay, and Snail1 bound to ubiquitin‐specific peptidase 4 (USP4) promoter by JASPAR database, luciferase reporter gene and Co‐IP assays. Overexpression of USP4 reversed the inhibitory effect of LOXL3 silence on EMT in HCC cells through deubiquitinating and stabilizing the expression of Snail1. Moreover, LOXL3‐promoted HCC EMT through Wnt/β‐catenin/Snail1 signaling pathway. In vivo study revealed that silence of LOXL3‐inhibited HCC tumor growth. In conclusion, LOXL3 silence inhibited HCC invasion and EMT through Snail1/USP4‐mediated circulation loop and Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway.
Retrospective analysis of liver lobe torsion in pet rabbits: 40 cases (2016–2021)
Authors: Sheen Joanne C. , Vella David , Hung Lily 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundLiver lobe torsion (LLT) in rabbits can be under‐recognised and potentially fatal. The clinical features of cases presented to an exotic animal veterinary service in Australia were retrospectively reviewed.MethodMedical records of confirmed rabbit LLT cases between 2016 and 2021 were reviewed for signalment, clinical signs and findings, diagnostic imaging results, management strategies and outcomes. Variables of interest were analysed for statistical association with outcome.ResultsA total of 40 rabbits were included. The mean presenting age was 56.2 months (SD 30.5). Neutered males (23/40, 57.5%) were over‐represented. Common clinical signs and findings included reduced appetite (40/40, 100%), lethargy (32/40, 80.0%), reduced faecal production (16/40, 40.0%), a doughy distended stomach (20/40, 50.0%), pale mucous membranes (19/40, 47.5%) and hypothermia (17/40, 42.5%). Anaemia and elevated plasma alanine aminotransferase and blood urea nitrogen were common clinicopathologic findings. Computed tomography (CT) was performed in 34 of 40 rabbits, confirming the presence and position of LLT (34/34, 100%), stenosis of the caudal vena cava or portal system (28/34, 82.4%) and increased free peritoneal fluid (29/34, 85.3%). Fifteen (15/40, 37.5%) rabbits were medically managed, and surgical intervention was performed in 23 of 40 (57.5%) rabbits. Overall, 30 of 40 (75.0%) rabbits survived. Surgical intervention did not confer a significant difference in outcome compared to medical management (odds ratio 0.77, 95% confidence interval 0.15‐4.10, p = 0.761).ConclusionCT can be an invaluable diagnostic modality for rabbit LLT. Favourable outcomes can be achieved in selected cases with medical management alone.