bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Steering Control and Stability Analysis for an Autonomous Bicycle through Reduced Dynamics with Servo-Constraints
Authors: liu caishan , xiong Jiaming , Yu Ruihan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Stability of rider-controlled bicycles is related to the appropriate coupling between leaning and steering. Inspired by this driving experience, we propose a linear control law between steer and lean angles to balance motion of an unmanned bicycle. The selection of the control parameters is based on stability analysis for the controlled bicycle dynamics, in which the control law and the constant rear-wheel velocity ω0 serve as servo-constraints imposed to the bicycle system. To facilitate the stability analysis of the controlled motion, we use tools from geometric mechanics to reduce the bicycle's dynamics, leading to a two-dimensional dynamic system. We thereafter study its relative equilibria and related stability. Theoretical results show that there is a critical value of ωc, above which the bicycle can move in a stable uniform straight forward motion, and below which a pair of relative equilibria related to stable uniform circular motion exist. The driving rule of steering toward a fall (STF) and counter-steering (CST) can also be explained theoretically. Finally, we fabricate a powered autonomous bicycle and propose an error correction algorithm to eliminate the drift error of the gyroscope sensor. Our experimental results are in good agreement with the theoretical predictions. Generally, this paper presents the mathematical basis for designing the more advanced and intelligent autonomous bicycles, and may find potential applications in other vehicle systems.
Outcome of endodontic microsurgery using different calcium silicate-based retrograde filling materials: a cohort retrospective cone-beam computed tomographic analysis
Authors: Eskandar Rawan , Al-Habib Mey , Barayan Mohammed , Edrees Hadeel 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Purpose

To evaluate the outcomes of endodontic microsurgery (EMS) using mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA; Dentsply Sirona, Charlotte, NC, USA), EndoSequence root repair material (RRM putty; Brasseler, Savannah, GA), and injectable Bioceramic (BC) sealer (Brasseler USA) followed by the application of RRM putty (lid-technique) as root-end filling materials.

Methods

One hundred and ten patients with a minimum follow-up period of 1 year, who underwent EMS in the period between 2016 and 2020 at King Abdulaziz University Dental Hospital, were recruited for clinical and radiographic follow-up. Radiographic assessment was performed using periapical radiographs (PAs) and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Volumetric analysis of periapical radiolucencies (PARLs) was performed using Amira software.

Results

Seventy-nine patients (103 teeth) attended the follow-up visit, with an average follow-up period of 24 months (recall rate = 74.5%). All three groups of retrograde filling materials (MTA, RRM putty, and lid-technique) showed high success rates on both PA (85.7%, 85.4%, 94.1%, respectively) and CBCT imaging (67.9%, 75.6%, 88.2%, respectively), without any significant difference. Overall, a slight agreement was noted between the PA and CBCT outcomes, with a statistically significant difference (P = 0.029). None of the patient-, tooth-, or treatment-related factors significantly influenced the outcomes of EMS. Adequate density of root canal filling material was significantly associated with a high percentage of completely healed cases on CBCT (P = 0.044). The volume of PARLs was significantly reduced (P < 0.001) during the follow-up period of 1–4 years.

Conclusions

EMS showed high success rates on both PA and CBCT when MTA, RRM putty or lid-technique were used as retrograde filling materials. CBCT imaging is more precise in detecting the healing outcome of EMS compared with PA.
A model to analyze human and organizational factors contributing to pandemic risk assessment in manufacturing industries: FBN-HFACS Modelling
Authors: Khoshakhlagh Amirhossein , Laal Fereydoon , Zarei Esmaeil , Dalakeh Fatemeh , Safarpour Hamid , Madvari Rohollah Fallah 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

This study presents a holistic model based on Fuzzy Bayesian
Network-Human Factor Analysis and System Classification (FBN-HFACS)
to analyze contributing factors in the pandemic, Covid 19, risk
management under uncertainty. The model contains three main phases
include employing a) HFACS to systematically identify influencing
factors based on validation using content validity indicators, b)
Fuzzy Set Theory to obtain the prior probability distribution of
contributing factors in pandemic risk and address the epistemic
uncertainty and subjectivity, and finally, c) Bayesian network to
develop causality model of the risk, probabilistic inferences and
handle parameter and model uncertainties. The Ratio of Variation
(RoV), as BN-driven importance measures, is utilized to conduct
sensitivity analysis and explore the most critical factors that
yield effective safety countermeasures. The model is tested to
investigate four large manufacturing industries in South Khorasan
(Iran). It provided a deep understanding of influencing human and
organizational factors and captured dependencies among those
factors, while quantitative finding paves a way to efficiently make
risk-based decisions to deal with the pandemic risks under
uncertainty.
Spin Aharonov-Bohm Effect
Authors: Chen Jing-Ling , Fan Xing-Yan , Xie Xiang-Ru 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The Aharonov-Bohm (AB) effect is an important discovery in quantum theory and electrodynamics. It serves as a surprising quantum phenomenon in which an electrically charged particle can be affected by an electromagnetic potential, despite being confined to a region in which both the magnetic field and electric field are zero. This fact gives the electromagnetic potentials greater significance in quantum physics than in classical physics. Actually the original AB effect belongs to an ``electromagnetism-type". A certain type of vector potential is crucial for building the corresponding type of AB effect. In this work, we focus on the ``spin-type" AB effect. First, we derive the spin vector potential by considering a particle with a spin operator. Second, based on the spin vector potential we propose the spin AB effect, which is a gedanken double-slit interference experiment and is possible to observed in the lab. Third, we discuss the connections between the spin vector potential and some important spin interactions and predict a new type of spin-orbital interaction. Our result advances the study of the potential theory and opens a new avenue of the spin AB effect.
An unusual case of nickel induced gingival enlargement and literature review: rare or ignored ?
Authors: Fernandes Gabriela , Nagar Saurabh R. , Pandey Nishant L. , Rajpari Kamil N. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background: Gingival enlargement is defined as an abnormal overgrowth of gingival tissues. A case of a 34–year–old female presenting with maxillary chronic inflammatory gingival enlargement associated with a nickel wire allergy is reported here. Replacement of the wire, good oral hygiene therapy and surgical therapy was carried out to provide a good aesthetic outcome. Histopathological evaluation was done of the excised specimen. There is only one similar case reported in literature to the best of our knowledge and ours is the second case.
Result: A Histopathological diagnosis of inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia was established. No recurrence was reported at the end of 1 year.
Conclusion: The patient should be made aware of the allergy at the initial visit and oral hygiene instructions should be reinforced at every visit. The significance of patient compliance during and following therapy as an important factor in the success of treatment.
Dexmedetomidine is a safe and useful palliative sedative for refractory dyspnoea in patients with terminal-stage cancer
Authors: Li Na , Wang Yu-Mei , Cui Meng 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background: Dyspnoea affects a considerable percentage of patients with terminal-stage cancer, and clinical guidelines recommend palliative sedation for patients with refractory dyspnoea, which cannot be alleviated with current therapies. Midazolam is currently the most commonly used sedative; however, it can cause serious adverse reactions, such as respiratory/circulatory depression. Hence, there is a need to discover an alternative sedative. Dexmedetomidine (DEX) has an “awake sedation” effect and is a promising alternative for palliative sedation; however, little is known regarding its use in patients with end-stage dyspnoea. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the safety and usefulness of DEX for palliative sedation of patients with refractory dyspnoea, especially focusing on those with terminal-stage cancer.
Methods: This retrospective study included patients with terminal-stage cancer who received DEX for palliative sedation owing to refractory dyspnoea in the hospice ward from January 2018 to October 2022. We analysed their general data, dyspnoea conditions, sedation details, sedative treatment effect, dyspnoea relief, and changes in vital signs before and after sedation, via paired t-tests.
Results: We included 17 patients with terminal-stage cancer who received DEX palliative sedation at a dose of 0.2-0.9 µg/kg·h for refractory dyspnoea, among whom 6 (35%) received a loading dose of 1 µg/kg in 10 min. After 1 h of sedation and at the maximum sedation dose, the Respiratory Distress Observation Scale and Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale scores decreased significantly compared with those before sedation (all P<0.001), as did the respiratory rate (P=0.024 and P=0.008, respectively). The heart rate and blood oxygen saturation did not significantly change after 1 h of sedation or at the maximum sedation dose, whereas the systolic and diastolic blood pressure after 1 h of sedation were significantly lower than those before sedation (both P=0.015); however, these findings were not observed at the maximum sedation dose.
Conclusions: According to these results, DEX is a promising palliative sedative for patients with terminal-stage cancer, as it safely and permanently relieved the symptoms of refractory dyspnoea without inducing serious adverse reactions, such as respiratory depression. Therefore, DEX may greatly enhance the quality of life for patients with terminal-stage cancer.
An accessible deep learning tool for voxel-wise classification of brain malignancies from perfusion MRI
Authors: Garcia-Ruiz Alonso , Pons-Escoda Albert , Grussu Francesco , Naval-Baudin Pablo , Monreal-Aguero Camilo , Hermann Gretchen , Karunamuni Roshan , Ligero Marta , Lopez-Rueda Antonio , Oleaga Laura , Berbis Alvaro , Martin-Noguerol Teodoro , Luna-Alcala Antonio , Seiber Tyler , Majos Carlos , Perez-Lopez Raquel 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Non-invasive differential diagnosis of brain tumours is currently based on the assessment of tumour vascularity through magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) coupled with dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC). However, given its limited accuracy, reaching a definitive diagnosis often requires complex neurosurgical interventions that compromise the patients’ quality of life. We applied deep learning on DSC images from histology-confirmed patients with glioblastoma, metastasis or lymphoma, the three most common brain malignancies. The convolutional neural network trained on ~ 50,000 voxels from 40 patients provided intra-tumour probability maps that yielded clinical-grade diagnosis. Performance was tested in 400 additional cases and an external validation cohort (n = 128). The tool reached a three-way accuracy of 0.78, superior to standard diagnosis with cerebral blood volume (0.55) and percentage of signal recovery (0.59) perfusion metrics. Our open-access software, Brain Enhancing Region Radiological analysis (BERRY), demonstrates the potential of voxel-wise probability maps for differential diagnosis of brain tumours using standard-of-care MRI.
RETRACTED: Physio-metabolic and clinical consequences of wearing face masks -Systematic review with meta-analysis and comprehensive evaluation
Authors: Kisielinski Kai , Hirsch Oliver , Wagner Susanne , Wojtasik Barbara , Funken Stefan , Klosterhalfen Bernd , Manna Soumen Kanti , Prescher Andreas , Sukul Pritam , Sönnichsen Andreas 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Arithmeticity of $\mathbb{C}$-Fuchsian subgroups of some non-arithmetic lattices
Authors: Jiang Yueping , Wang Jieyan , Yang Fang 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
We study the arithmeticity of C-Fuchsian subgroups of some non-arithmeticlattices constructed by Deraux, Parker and Paupert. Our results give an answer to thequestion raised by Wells in his doctoral thesis.
Sharing Price Announcements
Authors: Janssen Maarten , Karamychev Vladimir A. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
We present a simple model where before competing in prices, firms announce which prices they intend to choose. Deviating from these announcements involves a cost. We show that sharing pricing intentions results in prices being set above their competitive levels. In particular, all equilibria result in prices that are higher than in the absence of announcements. When the deviation cost of not sticking to the price announcement is high the unique equilibrium market outcome is asymmetric as with price leadership. When this cost is low, a symmetric equilibrium exists with even higher prices. Product differentiation is a key ingredient to these results.
JEL Classification: D440, L960
An Intelligent Compaction Analyser: A versatile platform for real-time recording, monitoring and analysing of road material compaction
Authors: Ranasinghe Rajitha , Sounthararajah Arooran , Kodikara Jayantha 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This study aims to develop an innovative retrofittable platform with cutting-edge hardware and software tools to advance the current state of intelligent compaction technology. We built a prototype of this platform from the ground up, hereafter referred to as the Intelligent Compaction Analyser (ICA) platform. This platform is designed to provide the following novel features: [i] simultaneous visualisation of multiple intelligent compaction measurement values (ICMVs) in real-time during compaction; [ii] versatility to retrofit to an existing conventional roller; [iii] ability to incorporate corrections for different ICMV parameters reflecting variable field conditions; [iv] customization of construction specifications as needed for performance-based compaction; [v] ability to record key roller parameters such as speed, vibration frequency and amplitude for further analysis; and (vi) capability to monitor the raw vibration signal pattern and its frequency spectrum. In this paper, we provide the basic design concepts of this platform, outline its functionalities and capabilities, and provide initial field validation results. The results show that the ICA platform is effective in calculating conventional acceleration amplitude-based ICMVs and stiffness-based parameters, and in displaying the spatial distributions of these parameters in a colour-coded map in real-time during compaction.
Non-LGE Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Patients with Cardiac Amyloidosis
Authors: Rempakos Athanasios , Papamichail Adamantia , Loritis Konstantinos , Androulakis Emmanouil , Lama Nikki , Briasoulis Alexandros 
Published: December 2022

Abstract:
Cardiac involvement is the leading cause of death in patients with cardiac amyloidosis. Early recognition
is crucial as it can significantly change the course of the disease. Until now, the imaging modality of
choice for diagnosing cardiac amyloidosis has been cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) with late gadolinium
enhancement (LGE). LGE-CMR in patients with cardiac amyloidosis reveals characteristic LGE patterns
that lead to a diagnosis while also correlating well with disease prognosis. However, LGE-CMR has numerous
drawbacks that the newer CMR modality, T1 mapping, aims to improve. T1 mapping can be further
subdivided into native T1 mapping, which does not require the use of contrast, and ECV measurement, which
requires the use of contrast. Numerous T1 mapping techniques have been developed, each one with its own advantages
and disadvantages when it comes to procedure difficulty and image quality. A literature review to identify
relevant published articles was performed by two authors. This review aimed to present the value of T1
mapping in diagnosing cardiac amyloidosis, quantifying the amyloid burden, and evaluating the prognosis of patients
with amyloidosis with cardiac involvement.
Hedychium coronariumJ. Koenig: Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry, Biological Activities and Future Aspects
Authors: Arya Sushila , Kumar Ravendra , Prakash Om , Rawat Avneesh , Mahawer Sonu Kumar , Rawat Dharmendra Singh , de Oliveira Mozaniel 
Published: December 2022

Abstract:Hedychium coronarium J. Koenig belongs to the family Zingiberaceae, generally known as butterfly ginger, butterfly lily, cinnamon jasmine, garland flower and ginger lily. It is a medicinal plant grown throughout India, Southeast Asian countries, China, Japan, and Brazil. Traditionally, it is used as a febrifuge, tonic, anti-rheumatic, used to treat asthma, headache, arthritis, bronchitis, blood diseases, eye diseases, gastric diseases, and many other diseases. H. coronarium contains important secondary metabolites such as alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, esters, oxides, phenolics, flavonoids, saponins, glycosides, labdane diterpenes, and sesquiterpenes. Limonene, myrcene, p-cymene, camphene, γ-terpinene, β-pinene, 1,8-cineole, linalool, α-pinene, and 10-epi-γ-eudesmol have been identified as the main constituents of volatile oils of H. coronarium along with the key elements like trans-meta-mentha-2, 8-diene, linalool, α-terpineol, terpin-4-ol, α-pinene, γ-terpinene, and camphene. Phytochemical studies on various solvent extracts of H. coronarium revealed that the plant holds the diterpenes- coronarin-A-I, isocoronarin-D, pacovatin A; sesquiterpene- (+)-nerolidol, hedychiol A, hedychiol B 8,9-diacetate; sterols- daucosterol, stigmasterol, β-sitosterol and flavonoid- 5-hydroxy-3,7,4’-trimethoxyflavon, chrysin. Coronarin D, a bioactive compound, is reported for anti-cancer activities of H. coronarium. Diterpenes isolated from H. coronarium extracts and essential have been reported as antioxidant, antitumor, antidiabetic, antiproliferative, antihelmintic, mosquitocidal, larvicidal, antilithiatic, chemopreventive, antiophidian, insecticide, antifungal, allelopathic, and antimicrobial agent. Based on the literature, the essential oils, extracts and isolated active compounds of H. coronarium could be used to develop as flavor and fragrance agents, food preservatives, botanical pesticide, neutraceuticals and pharmaceuticals. This review paper aims to go over traditional uses, phytochemical analysis, pharmacological activities, scientific techniques for variety development, conservation, and proper utilization and identify future opportunities for H. coronarium.
Recent Progress of Calcium-Based Catalysts in Organic Transformations
Authors: Bariya Dipakkumar , Halpani Chandni , Mishra Satyendra 
Published: December 2022

Abstract:
This article aims to draw the attention of the scientific community toward the use of calcium-based reagents in various organic transformations. These complexes are capable of activation and nucleophilic addition of olefins, carbonyls, nitro groups of catalysts, epoxides, methyl aromatics and alcohols. These complexes are capable of activating different functional groups for nucleophilic addition to alkene, carbonyl, nitro, epoxide, methylarene and alcohol groups. Calcium-based catalysts have broad tolerance to substrates, reaction pathways, and appear to be sustainable alternatives to transition metals, rare earth metals, for a variety of organic transformations. The scope of this review is limited to catalytic alterations mediated by calcium complexes. This is the first broad review article that covers all aspects of calcium-mediated reactions up to the year 2022.
Triazole: A New Perspective in Medicinal Chemistry and Material Science
Authors: Bezerra Morais Pedro Alves , Javarini Clara Lirian , Valim Thays Cardoso , Francisco Carla Santana , de Freitas  Ferreira Lara Chaves , Trancoso  Bottocim Ramon Ramires , Neto Álvaro Cunha , Júnior Valdemar Lacerda 
Published: December 2022

Abstract:
Triazole, which can exist in two isomeric forms: 1,2,3- and 1,2,4-triazole, is considered to be a privileged scaffold with recognized biological and pharmaceutical potential. Furthermore, due to their physicochemical properties, the applications of triazoles have been explored in fields ranging from medicinal chemistry to materials science. Triazoles have not only drawn the attention of the scientific community for all the aforementioned properties but also due to their ability to be incorporated into other bioactive and functional molecules. The connection between two pharmacophores makes it possible to potentiate specific biological activities or add different properties. Interest in the compatibility of the triazole nucleus with peptide structures is highlighted in the development of new therapeutic targets. In epigenetics, triazole is linked to various compounds that are used in the creation of new drugs that could potentially inhibit histone-modifying enzymes. Other new and potentially more effective materials that can take advantage of a triazole moiety include light-emitting diodes and solar cells, among others. Hence, we propose a novel approach to the promising applications of triazolic ring, a compound that has been gaining prominence in organic chemistry due to its applicability to many different fields.
Covalent CES2 Inhibitors Protect against Reduced Formation of Intestinal Organoids by the Anticancer Drug Irinotecan
Authors: Eades William , Liu William , Shen Yue , Shi Zhanquan , Yan Bingfang 
Published: December 2022

Background:Irinotecan is widely used to treat various types of solid and metastatic cancer. It is an ester prodrug and its hydrolytic metabolite (SN-38) exerts potent anticancer activity. Irinotecan is hydrolyzed primarily by carboxylesterase-2 (CES2), a hydrolase abundantly present in the intestine such as the duodenum. We have identified several potent and covalent CES2 inhibitors such as remdesivir and sofosbuvir. Remdesivir is the first small molecule drug approved for COVID-19, whereas sofosbuvir is a paradigm-shift medicine for hepatitis C viral infection. Irinotecan is generally well-tolerated but associated with severe/life-threatening diarrhea due to intestinal accumulation of SN-38.Objective:This study was to test the hypothesis that remdesivir and sofosbuvir protect against irinotecan-induced epithelial injury associated with gastrointestinal toxicity.Methods:To test this hypothesis, formation of organoids derived from mouse duodenal crypts, a robust cellular model for intestinal regeneration, was induced in the presence or absence of irinotecan +/- pretreatment with a CES2 drug inhibitor.Results:Irinotecan profoundly inhibited the formation of intestinal organoids and the magnitude of the inhibition was greater with female crypts than their male counterparts. Consistently, crypts from female mice had significantly higher hydrolytic activity toward irinotecan. Critically, remdesivir and sofosbuvir both reduced irinotecan hydrolysis and reversed irinotecan-reduced formation of organoids. Human duodenal samples robustly hydrolyzed irinotecan, stable CES2 transfection induced cytotoxicity and the cytotoxicity was reduced by CES2 drug inhibitor.Conclusion:These findings establish a therapeutic rationale to reduce irinotecan-gastrointestinal injury and serve as a cellular foundation to develop oral formulations of irinotecan with high safety.