bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of various periods of perfusion-pause and reperfusion on the severity of myocardial injury in the langenodorff model
Authors: Wang Le , Zheng Mingqi , Tang Yida , Yin Yajuan , Liu Yuecheng , Liu Gang 
Published: September 2022

Background To explore impact of various periods of ischemia and reperfusion on the severity of myocardial injury. Methods Langendorff model of isolated cardiac perfusion system was established in 56 rat hearts. They were randomly assigned into four groups with four different ischemia (perfusion-pause) time and reperfusion time. The levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) were measured and the size of myocardial infarction was assessed by 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining. Results The levels of AST, ALT, LDH, and CK-MB in the heart tissues and perfusate were lowest in the group I (shortest time of perfusion-pause and reperfusion) followed by the groups II, III, and IV (longest time of perfusion-pause and reperfusion) ( p < 0.05). The myocardial infarction size was smallest in the group I (6.63 ± 0.47) followed by group II (15.12 ± 1.03), group III (20.32 ± 2.18), and group IV (32.29 ± 5.42) ( p < 0.05). Two-way ANOVA analysis revealed that period of perfusion-pause and reperfusion independently and significantly affected the levels of AST and ALT in both heart tissues and perfusate ( p < 0.001). The interaction of pausing period and reperfusion significantly affected the level of AST ( p = 0.046) and CK-MB ( p = 0.001) in the perfusate. In addition, perfusion-pause period significantly affected levels of LDH and CK-MB only in the perfusate ( p < 0.001). Neither perfusate nor heart tissue LDH level was significantly affected by the interaction of perfusion-pause and reperfusion period ( p > 0.05). Conclusion The severity of myocardial injury in the Langendorff model was affected by the period of perfusion-pause and reperfusion. The longer period of perfusion-pause followed by the longer the period of reperfusion, the severe myocardial injury was found.
How well do ESWL nomograms predict treatment success in pediatric patients?
Authors: Çakıroğlu Basri , Gözüküçük Ali , Uyanik Bekir Sami 
Published: September 2022

Objective: To study was to identify the variables that influence the outcomes of pediatric SWL patients in our clinic and to compare our findings to previously published nomograms. Methods: All children who underwent SWL at a single center between 2005 and 2020 were included in this retrospective study. Depending upon the age and mental state of the children, SWL procedures were performed with or without anesthesia. Data from the hospital information system were obtained on patient characteristics, metabolic evaluation, imaging, SWL details, and post-procedure results, and their correlation with the Onal and Dogan nomograms was evaluated. Results: The present study included 112 pediatric patients in total. The average age was 8.22 ± 4.9 (83.3 ± 58.1 months, 4 months–16 years), and the median stone size was 9.5 ± 3.2 mm (4–20 mm). Even though there was quite a significant positive correlation between age and the number of shots and the intensity of shots (intensity and number of shots increased with increasing age), there was no statistical difference in the number of sessions and stone-free rates. The number of shots and sessions was significantly lower in patients with hydronephrosis ( N = 70) than in those without ( N = 42) ( p < 0.001). When the stone-free rates of patients without and with hydronephrosis were compared, it was discovered that they were 69.05% and 92.86%, respectively, which was statistically significant ( p < 0.01). Conclusions: It is believed that the nomograms developed for SWL in pediatric patients should be reviewed, and larger, prospective studies should be conducted.
Evaluation of Dexmedetomidine’s Effect on Temperature in Obese Critically Ill Patients
Authors: Atyia Sara A. , Gerlach Anthony T. , Smetana Keaton S. , Thompson Molly J. , May Casey C. 
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Previous literature showed an association between hyperthermia and dexmedetomidine (DEX) use for ongoing sedation in non-obese patients. The purpose of this study is to evaluate DEX’s effect on temperature in obese critically ill patients. Methods: This single center, retrospective, cohort study included patients ≥18 years, admitted to a surgical or medical ICU, received DEX for ≥8 hours as a single continuous infusion sedative, and weighed ≥120% of ideal body weight. Patients were excluded if they had a fever (≥38°C) and positive cultures within 48 hours of DEX initiation. The primary endpoint was a fever (Tmax of ≥38°C) within 48 hours of DEX initiation. Results: A total of 186 patients were included for evaluation. Forty-two patients (22.5%) had a fever during the first 48 hours of DEX initiation. Median weight was not different between the febrile and afebrile groups (99.4 [90.6-122.4] vs 97.6 [81.6-114.2] kg, P = .6). Median change from baseline temperature for all patients within 48 hours was an increase of .5 (.1-.8) °C, P < .001. In multiple regression analysis, duration of DEX and baseline temperature were the only significant predictors of fever development with an adjusted odds ratio of 1.041 (95% CI 1.009-1.074, P = .012) and 7.058 (95% CI 3.307-15.064, P < .001), respectively. Conclusions: This study suggests that there is a significant increase in body temperature from baseline for obese patients on DEX. Duration of DEX and baseline temperature were found to be risk factors for fever development in this population. Further studies are warranted.
Poly(arylene ether nitrile)/lamellar MXene nanosheet composite films fabricated via bio-inspired dopamine surface chemistry
Authors: Dong Hongyu , Yang Wei , Sun Ao , Zhan Yingqing , Chen Yiwen , Chen Ximin 
Published: September 2022

2D lamellar MXene nanosheets have shown the promising candidate for preparing dielectric polymer composites due to their excellent electrical and mechanical properties. However, the high dielectric loss and low temperature resistance restrict their further application, which are still big challenges. In this work, MXene nanosheets were modified by dopamine mediated chemical crosslinking with polyethylenimine, which was further incorporated into the temperature-resistant poly (arylene ether nitrile) (PEN) matrix via a simple solution-casting method to prepare the dielectric MXene/PEN composite film. Specially, the insulating layer originated from polyethylenimine and polydopamine not only enhanced the interface polarization and the uniform dispersion of MXene in the polymer matrix, but also prevented the formation of conductive network. As a result, the MXene/PEN composite film achieved the high dielectric constant of 13.3 (1 kHz) when filling content was 7 wt%, and the dielectric loss was suppressed to 0.042. As the filling content reached 5 wt%, the MXene/PEN composite film had the maximum tensile strength and tensile modulus of 70.9 MPa and 3042.6 MPa, respectively, while maintaining a high elongation at break larger than 6.5%. In addition, the composite film retained the thermal decomposition temperature (T10%) of 460–521°C and the glass transition temperature higher than 149°C. Therefore, this work provides an alternative way to prepare thermally stable and dielectric polymer composite film with high mechanical strength and low dielectric loss, which is essential to the modern electronic applications.
Do Patient Demographics and Performance Status Influence Opioid Dose in Cancer Pain?
Authors: Rowe Catherine E , Wong Aaron K , Buizen Luke , Hawke Justin , Le Brian 
Published: September 2022

Context: There is limited evidence on the role of objective parameters in influencing analgesic use in cancer pain management. Objective: To investigate the significance of objective parameters (age, male/female and performance status) in influencing opioid dose. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional audit of adult inpatients with metastatic cancer at a major cancer centre from 1 January 2016 to 31 December 2018, who were prescribed slow release opioids for cancer pain on discharge. Main outcome measures were demographics (age, male/female and performance status), oral morphine equivalent daily dose (oMEDD) and adjuvant analgesic use. Results: Of the 7,747 eligible records, 215 patient records fulfilled inclusion criteria. Older patients (≥75 years) received half of the median oMEDD dose (30 mg) compared to their youngest counterparts (60 mg oMEDD in age ≤50 years) ( P = .003). No significant differences were observed between oMEDD and male/female and performance status. Conclusion: Older patients are prescribed half the opioid dose compared to their younger counterparts. This highlights the importance of vigilance in opioid prescribing in the elderly in order to balance side effects with under treatment. Although no other significant relationships were observed, future studies comparing objective patient parameters with opioid prescription may uncover other at risk populations.
A Pilot Study of the Gut Microbiota Associated With Depressive Symptoms and Sleep Disturbance Among Chinese and Korean Immigrants in the United States
Authors: Hope Chloe , Shen Natalie , Zhang Wenhui , Noh Hye In , Hertzberg Vicki S. , Kim Sangmi , Bai Jinbing 
Published: September 2022

Context Depression is prevalent among Asian Americans (AsA) during the COVID-19 pandemic, and depression often leads to sleep disturbance in this population. The gut microbiota (GM) plays a critical role in mental health and sleep quality, and the composition of the GM is largely unknown among AsA. Objectives Examine associations of the GM with depressive symptoms and sleep disturbance among Chinese and Korean American immigrants. Methods Depressive symptoms (PROMIS Short Form-Depression) and sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index [PSQI]) were collected via surveys. PROMIS measure T-score > 55 indicates positive depressive symptoms, and a total PSQI score > 5 indicates sleep disturbance. 16S rRNA V3-V4 gene regions were sequenced from fecal specimens to measure GM. Permutational multivariate analysis of variance and linear discriminant analysis effect size were applied to examine associations of the GM with symptoms. Results Among 20 participants, 55% ( n = 11) reported depressive symptoms and 35% ( n = 7) reported sleep disturbance. A higher α-diversity was marginally associated with lower depressive symptoms: Chao1 (r = −0.39, p = 0.09) and Shannon index (r = −0.41, p = 0.08); β-diversity distinguished participants between categories of depressive symptoms (weighted UniFrac, p=0.04) or sleep disturbance (Jaccard, p=0.05). Those with depressive symptoms showed a higher abundance of Actinobacteria, while those without depressive symptoms had a higher abundance of Bacteroidetes. No significant taxa were identified for sleep disturbance. Conclusions Gut microbial diversity showed promising associations with depressive symptoms and sleep disturbance among Chinese and Korean immigrants. Specific taxa were identified as associated with depressive symptoms. Future studies with a larger sample size are warranted to confirm our findings.
Neurofilament-light and contactin-1 association with long-term brain atrophy in natalizumab-treated relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis
Authors: van Lierop Zoë YGJ , Noteboom Samantha , Steenwijk Martijn D , van Dam Maureen , Toorop Alyssa A , van Kempen Zoé LE , Moraal Bastiaan , Barkhof Frederik , Uitdehaag Bernard MJ , Schoonheim Menno M , Teunissen Charlotte E , Killestein Joep 
Published: September 2022

Background: Despite highly effective treatment strategies for patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), long-term neurodegeneration and disease progression are often considerable. Accurate blood-based biomarkers that predict long-term neurodegeneration are lacking. Objective: To assess the predictive value of serum neurofilament-light (sNfL) and serum contactin-1 (sCNTN1) for long-term magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)–derived neurodegeneration in natalizumab-treated patients with RRMS. Methods: sNfL and sCNTN1 were measured in an observational cohort of natalizumab-treated patients with RRMS at baseline (first dose) and at 3 months, Year 1, Year 2, and last follow-up (median = 5.2 years) of treatment. Disability progression was quantified using “EDSS-plus” criteria. Neurodegeneration was measured by calculating annualized percentage brain, ventricular, and thalamic volume change (PBVC, VVC, and TVC, respectively). Linear regression analysis was performed to identify longitudinal predictors of neurodegeneration. Results: In total, 88 patients (age = 37 ± 9 years, 75% female) were included, of whom 48% progressed. Year 1 sNfL level (not baseline or 3 months) was associated with PBVC (standardized (std.) β = −0.26, p = 0.013), VVC (standardized β = 0.36, p < 0.001), and TVC (standardized β = −0.24, p = 0.02). For sCNTN1, only 3-month level was associated with VVC (standardized β = −0.31, p = 0.002). Conclusion: Year 1 (but not baseline) sNfL level was predictive for long-term brain atrophy in patients treated with natalizumab. sCNTN1 level did not show a clear predictive value.
Multilingual repertoires and identity in social media: Syrian refugees on Facebook
Authors: McEntee-Atalianis Lisa , Ateek Mohammed , Gardner-Chloros Penelope 
Published: September 2022

Aims and objectives/purpose/research questions: This study explores the linguistic resources used on Facebook (FB) by six resettled Syrian refugees in the United Kingdom. It investigates the multilingual varieties and scripts employed, their discursive functions and their role in the construction of identity/ies. Design/methodology/approach: The study employs descriptive linguistic and discourse-centred online ethnographic approaches. These are complemented with insights from interviews with the informants. Data and analysis: The data set consists of 2,036 FB posts. Multilingual posts were subjected to a two-stage analysis: the first identified the affordances of new technologies for Arabic/English bilinguals – describing the function of different languages and scripts. The second stage employed a thematic analysis to frame a subsequent investigation of the stances taken by posters to construct identities and boundaries between themselves and others. Findings/conclusions: The study reveals how FB supports the construction and negotiation of multidimensional, complex personae, particularly in countering mainstream/media representations. It is a platform on which posters are able to display bilingual creativity. Originality: This article demonstrates the affordances of social media (SM) for newly settled Syrian refugees engaging in transnational networks. It identifies, as yet, unreported bilingual creativity in varieties of Arabic and English, particularly the use of a previously unidentified script, Englarabic. It ties this analysis to the study of identity performance and negotiation, and reveals the contested status of those now living in a new nation. Significance/implications: The study reveals how Syrian refugees employ complex linguistic repertoires in computer-mediated communication (CMC). We argue that SM platforms afford a creative, ideological space for bilingual refugees, as they negotiate their multiple identities online following resettlement. The study identifies linguistic innovation, particularly in the use of code-switching and Englarabic. It has implications for all those researching multilingual CMC creativity and identity, as well as those involved in understanding, planning for, and experiencing refugee (re)settlement.
Sociodemographic differences in opioid use and recovery following ambulatory pediatric urologic procedures
Authors: Zhu Terry , Baker Zoë G , Trabold Melissa , Kelley-Quon Lorraine I , Basin Michael F , Vazirani Ragini , Chen Jiayao , Kokorowski Paul J 
Published: September 2022

Our aim was to examine associations between sociodemographic factors and postoperative opioid use and recovery among pediatric patients undergoing outpatient urologic procedures. We retrospectively evaluated 831 patients undergoing ambulatory urologic procedures from 2013 to 2017 at an urban pediatric hospital. Patients were evaluated for days of opioid use and days until return to baseline behavior. Differences in outcomes by race/ethnicity, primary language, median neighborhood household income, and health insurance type were analyzed using negative binomial regression models. Overall, patients reported a median of 1.0 day (IQR: 2.0) of postoperative opioid use and 3.0 days (IQR: 6.0) of recovery time. After controlling for covariates, patients with non-English speaking parents took opioids for 26.5% (95% CI: 11.4–41.7%) longer and had 27.8% (95% CI: 8.1–51.0%) longer recovery time than patients with English-speaking parents. Hispanic patients took opioids for 27.5% (95% CI: 0.1–54.9%) longer than White patients. Patients with public insurance used opioids for 47.6% (95% CI: 5.0–107.4%) longer than privately insured patients. Non-English speaking, Hispanic, and publicly insured patients had a longer duration of postoperative opioid use than primarily English-speaking, White, and privately insured patients, respectively. Identifying these disparities is important for designing equitable postoperative care pathways.
CAROTIDSCORE.RU—The first Russian computer program for risk stratification of postoperative complications of carotid endarterectomy
Authors: Kazantsev AN , Abdullaev IA , Danilchuk LB , Shramko VA , Korotkikh AV , Chernykh KP , Bagdavadze GSH , Zharova AS , Kharchilava EU , Lider RYU , Kazantseva YeG , Zakeryayev AB , Shmatov DV , Kravchuk VN , Zakharova KL , Artyukhov SV , Bhand HK , Chernyavtsev IA , Erofeev AA , Khorkova SM , Kulikov KA , Lutsenko VA , Matusevich VV , Morozov DYU , Peshekhonov KS , Sultanov RV , Zarkua NE , Khasanova DD , Serova NY , Shaikhutdinova RA , Gavrilova OO , Alekseeva EO , Kleschenogov AS , Sukhoruchkin PV , Taits DB , Taits BM , Palagin PD , Lebedev OV , Alekseev MV , Belov YuV 
Published: September 2022

Goal Presentation of the first Russian computer program ( www.carotidscore.ru ) for risk stratification of postoperative complications of carotid endarterectomy (CEE). Material and methods The present study is based on the analysis of a multicenter Russian database that includes 25,812 patients after CEE operated on from 01/01/2010 to 04/01/2022. The following types of CEE were implemented: 6814 classical CEE with plastic reconstruction of the reconstruction zone with a patch; 18,998 eversion CEE. Results In the hospital postoperative period, 0.18% developed a lethal outcome, 0.14%—myocardial infarction, 0.35%—stroke. The combined endpoint was 0.68%. For each factor present in patients, a predictive coefficient was calculated. The prognostic coefficient was a numerical indicator reflecting the strength of the influence of each factor on the development of postoperative complications. Based on this formula, predictive coefficients were calculated for each factor present in patients in our study. The total contribution of these factors was reflected in “%” and denoted the risk of postoperative complications with a minimum value of 0% and a maximum of 100%. On the basis of the obtained calculations, a computer program CarotidSCORE was created. Its graphical interface is based on the QT framework ( https://www.qt.io ), which has established itself as one of the best solutions for desktop applications. It is possible not only to calculate the probability of developing a complication, but also to save all data about the patient in JSON format (for the patient’s personal card and his anamnesis). The CarotidSCORE program contains 47 patient parameters, including clinical-demographic, anamnestic and angiographic characteristics. It allows you to choose one of the four types of CEE, which will provide an accurate stratification of the risk of complications for each of them in person. Conclusion CarotidSCORE ( www.carotidscore.ru ) is able to determine the likelihood of postoperative complications in patients undergoing CEE.
Investigation of the effect of acute to chronic glycemic ratio on major amputation development after surgical thromboembolectomy in patients with acute lower extremity ischemia
Authors: Engin Mesut , Sunbul Sadik Ahmet , Tatli Ahmet Burak , Pala Arda Aybars , Ata Yusuf , Aydın Ufuk , Ozyazicioglu Ahmet Fatih , Yavuz Senol 
Published: September 2022

Background Acute limb ischemia (ALI) is an emergency vascular pathology in which perfusion is disrupted in the lower extremity and threatens extremity viability. The admission blood glucose (ABG)/estimated average glucose (eAG) value has recently been shown as a prognostic marker in acute cardiovascular events. In this study, we aimed to investigate the predictive role of an ABG/eAG value in predicting development of early postoperative major amputation after emergency thromboembolectomy operations in patients presenting with ALI. Method Patients who admitted to our hospital with ALI between November 01, 2016 and September 01, 2021 and underwent surgical thromboembolectomy were retrospectively included in the study. Patients who did not undergo postoperative limb amputation were recorded as Group 1, and patients who underwent major amputation in the early postoperative period (in-hospital), were recorded as Group 2. Results The median age of the 226 patients included in Group 1 and 72 patients in Group 2 were 58 (34–86) years and 69 (33–91) years, respectively ( p<0.001). In univariate analysis, in-hospital amputation was found to significantly correlate with age>70 years (odds ratio [OR]: 1.914, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.351–2.319, p<0.001), PAD (OR: 1.698, 95% CI: 1.270–1.992, p = 0.002 re-embolectomy (OR: 2.184, 95% CI: 1.663–3.085, p < 0.001), admission Rutherford class (OR: 0.762, 95% CI: 0.591–0.859, p = 0.032), admission time>6 h (OR: 1.770, 95% CI: 1.480–1.152, p = 0.009), ABG (OR: 1.275, 95% CI: 1.050–1.790, p < 0.001), and ABG/eAG (OR: 1.669, 95% CI: 1.315–2.239, p < 0.001). Conclusion According to our study, we can predict patient groups with a high risk of major amputation with the ABG/eAG value calculated from the blood values of the patients at the time of admission.
An observational study to assess circulating nurses’ non-technical skills
Authors: Kalantari Reza , Zamanian Zahra , Hasanshahi Mehdi , Jamali Jamshid , Faghihi Aliakbar , Niakan Mohammad Hadi , Gheysari Somayeh 
Published: September 2022

Background: Non-technical skills are cognitive and social skills that are necessary for safe and efficient practices in operating theatre. These skills are inseparable parts of circulating nurses’ duties and help them have a good performance during surgical processes. Circulating nurses’ non-technical skills have not been closely measured, and much uncertainty still exists about the quality of their skills. This study aimed to assess circulating nurses’ non-technical skills. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 300 circulating nurses who worked in four public hospitals in Iran, during 2020. The data of demographics of the studied population were collected using a demographic questionnaire. Kalantari et al’s Circulating Practitioner’s List of Non-Technical Skills was used to assess the circulating nurses’ non-technical skills. Results: The situational awareness domain had the highest score, while leadership was the domain with the lowest mean score. There was a moderate positive relationship between the mean score of non-technical skills and the number of working years as a circulating nurse. Conclusion: Although the circulating nurses had a moderate level of non-technical skills, they had low scores in several behaviours. However, they did well in some other behaviours. Educational interventions and policymaking solutions can help improve circulating nurses’ non-technical skills.