bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk analysis framework for the optimum remediation of a contaminated aquifer under uncertainty: application in Lake Karla aquifer, Thessaly, Greece
Authors: Sidiropoulos Pantelis , Mylopoulos Nikitas , Lyra Aikaterini , Tziatzios Georgios A. , Loukas Athanasios 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA risk analysis framework is proposed for the optimum remediation of a contaminated aquifer under hydrogeological uncertainty. The limited information and the spatial variation of hydraulic conductivity in a real-world large-scale aquifer create uncertain conditions for decision-making when remediation schemes ought to be accompanied by the minimum possibility of failure. The primary concern is focused on safeguarding public health when groundwater is used for urban drinking purposes from a contaminated aquifer. The proposed framework is based on the conjunctive use of stochastic simulation–optimization modelling followed up by a risk analysis application on remediation trade-offs. The framework includes three main steps/procedures: (i) the model formulation of multiple realizations of groundwater flow and contaminant transport, (ii) the optimal positioning and operation of the clean-up wells determined by the method of stochastic optimization, and (iii) the risk analysis of the optimum remediation strategies through a proposed decision model, so as the one with the minimum cost and risk of failure is chosen as the most appropriate. The proposed framework is tested for two scenarios of nitrogen fertilizer application in the cultivated areas. The strategic target is the groundwater nitrate concentration minimization in an area where exceedances of nitrate concentrations have been observed and water supply wells have been operating for the last twenty years satisfying domestic needs. The results demonstrate that, when decision-making is under hydrogeological uncertainty, the combined use of stochastic optimization and risk-based decision analysis can commend the remediation strategy with the minimum cost and the highest possibility of success.
Hydrogen bonding and other non-covalent interactions at the surfaces of cellulose microfibrils
Authors: Jarvis Michael C. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIt is now established that crystalline cellulose is held together not just by hydrogen bonding, but also by dispersion forces and by electrostatic attraction modulated by stereoelectronic factors such as the exo-anomeric effect. The surface chains of native cellulose microfibrils differ in C6 conformation from crystalline cellulose and therefore form different hydrogen bonds, both outward and inward. Dispersion and electrostatic forces, influenced by cellulose conformation, also operate at the microfibril surface. The surface conformation depends on whether cellulose interacts with water, with the surfaces of other microfibrils or with non-cellulosic polymers. Cellulose-water binding competes with other binding interactions, so that diverse surface interactions are finely balanced in free energy, difficult to simulate, and dependent on local details of water structuring about which little is known, especially in the presence of dispersed chains of hemicellulosic or pectic polymers. An example is the influence of hydration on the aggregation of microfibrils as measured by neutron scattering, which is large for primary-wall cellulose and small for hardwood microfibrils. There are many consequent uncertainties about the surface interactions of hydrated cellulose microfibrils, for example how pectins associate with cellulose or why cellulose-xylan interfaces resist hydration. Evidence from a range of experimental technologies, alongside simulations, will be needed to resolve these uncertainties. The practical implications are wide-ranging, from the mechanism of plant growth and the mechanical resilience of wood to the development of novel, wood-based building materials.
Exosomal miR-767 from senescent endothelial-derived accelerating skin fibroblasts aging via inhibiting TAB1
Authors: Li Jing , Tan Jiyong , Song Qiong , Yang Xinni , Zhang Xin , Qin Hao , Huang Gaoxiang , Su Xiaoxue , Li Jing 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSkin aging is a complicated physiological process, and microRNA-mediated regulation has been shown to contribute to this process. Exosomes mediate intercellular communication through miRNAs, mRNAs and proteins, and participate in many physiological and pathological processes. Vascular endothelial cell-derived exosomes have been confirmed to be involved in the development of many diseases, however, their effects on skin aging have not been reported. In this study, senescent endothelial cells could regulate skin fibroblast functions and promote cell senescence through exosomal pathway. miR-767 was highly expressed in senescent vascular endothelial cells and their exosomes, and miR-767 is also upregulated in skin fibroblasts after treatment with exosomes derived from senescent vascular endothelial cells. In addition, transfection with miR-767 mimic promoted senescence of skin fibroblasts, while transfection with miR-767 inhibitor reversed the effect of D-galactose. Double luciferase analysis confirmed that TAB1 was a direct target gene of miR-767. Furthermore, miR-767 expression was increased and TAB1 expression was decreased in D-galactose induced aging mice. In mice that overexpressed miR-767, HE staining showed thinning of dermis and senescence appearance. In conclusion, senescent vascular endothelial cell-derived exosome mediated miR-767 regulates skin fibroblasts through the exosome pathway. Our study reveals the role of vascular endothelial cell-derived exosomes in aging in the skin microenvironment and contributes to the discovery of new targets for delaying senescence.
‘By creating plot texts, man learnt to distinguish plots in life and thus to make sense of life’: a discussion of narratology in the work of Juri Lotman
Authors: Andrew Joe 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe overall aims of this article are to revisit one of the key contributions to narratology of the late twentieth century, Juri Lotman’s The origin of plot in the light of typology of 1973, to attempt to determine its place in Lotman’s work as a whole, its relationship with the work of other theorists, as well as to suggest its value, and its applicability to literature and other manifestations of human culture. Of course, Lotman was not the first to suggest that narrative structure and plots have some claims to universality. Moreover, in the twentieth-first century story, plot and narrative—and the terms are more or less interchangeable in general usage—have become almost ubiquitous, being applied to politics, sport, history as well as cultural objects as such. In this seepage of cultural theory into popular culture, and, in fact, into everyday day parlance, Lotman’s article plays a pivotal role, and has become a modern classic of literary theory.Origins itself covers a wide area and ranges from prehistory to contemporary times. In this overview he offers myriad examples from Ancient Greece, Shakespeare, Dostoevsky and many more besides. In some ways, it is important to see this piece of 1973 as an extension of his own Struktura khudozhestvennaia teksta of three years previously. In this, one of his more rigorously structuralist works, Lotman sees semiotic space organised in binary terms along the positive / negative axis of verkh / niz. But in Origin, Lotman establishes a very powerful, infinitely replicable typology, encapsulated in the simple chain: “entry into enclosed space—exit from it.”Important refinements have been made to this model by Teresa de Lauretis in her seminal article “Desire in narrative,” where in her feminist re-reading of Lotman she does not in any way undermine the validity of Lotman’s model, but greatly enhances it. This model, especially as refined by de Lauretis, has immense applicability. For example, Turgenev’s four major novels, with their heroes entering the enclosed space of the ‘enclave’, only to fail the ‘test of love’, readily spring to mind, as do most of the stories comprising Lermontov’s A Hero of Our Time, as well as Pushkin’s Evgenii Onegin. After offering an overview of such instances, this article will give about half a dozen ‘case studies’ to provide more in-depth assessments of the applicability of Lotman’s theories. The texts to be analysed as case studies are Turgenev’s Asya, Dostoevsky’s Notes from Underground and Brothers Karamazov; Tolstoy’s Father Sergius, and the films Kommissar by Askoldov, and Bodrov’s Prisoner of the Caucasus.
Gender-Specific Wage Structure and the Gender Wage Gap in the U.S. Labor Market
Authors: Rotman Assaf , Mandel Hadas 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis paper challenges the predominant conceptualization of the wage structure as gender-neutral, emphasizing the contribution that this makes to the gender wage gap. Unlike most decomposition analyses, which concentrated on gender differences in productivity-enhancing characteristics (the ‘explained’ portion), we concentrate on the ‘wage structure’ (the ‘unexplained’ portion), which can be defined as the market returns to productivity-enhancing characteristics. These returns are commonly considered a reflection of non-gendered economic forces of supply and demand, and gender differences in these returns are attributed to market failure or measurement error. Using PSID data on working-age employees from 1980 to 2010, we examine gender differences in returns to education and work experience in the U.S. labor market. Based on a threefold decomposition, we estimate the contribution of these differences to the overall pay gap. The results show that men’s returns to education and work experience are higher than women’s; and that in contrast to the well-documented trend of narrowing gender gaps in skills and earnings, the gaps in returns increase over time in men’s favor. Furthermore, the existing gender differences in returns to skills explain a much larger proportion of the gender wage gap than differences in levels of education and experience between men and women. The paper discusses the mechanisms underlying these findings.
Fouling characterisation in PVDF membrane contactors for dissolved methane recovery from anaerobic effluents: effect of surface organofluorosilanisation
Authors: Jiménez-Robles Ramón , Martínez-Soria Vicente , Izquierdo Marta 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Characterisation of the fouling attached to PVDF membranes treating an anaerobic effluent for dissolved CH4 recovery was carried out. A commercial flat-sheet PVDF membrane and a PVDF functionalised by grafting of organofluorosilanes (mPVDF) that increased its hydrophobicity were subjected to a continuous flux of an anaerobic reactor effluent in long-term operation tests (> 800 h). The fouling cakes were studied by the membrane autopsy after these tests, combining a staining technique, FTIR, and FESEM-EDX, and the fouling extraction with water and NaOH solutions. Both organic and inorganic fouling were observed, and the main foulants were proteins, polysaccharides, and different calcium and phosphate salts. Also, a significant amount of live cells was detected on the fouling cake (especially on the non-modified PVDF). Although the fouling cake composition was quite heterogeneous, a stratification was observed, with the inorganic fouling mainly in the bulk centre of the cake and the organic fouling mainly located in the lower and upper surfaces of the cake. The mPVDF suffered a more severe fouling, likely owing to a stronger hydrophobic-hydrophobic interaction with the foulants. Irreversible fouling remained on both membranes after the extraction, although a higher irreversible fouling was detected in the mPVDF; however, a complete polysaccharide removal was observed. Regarding the operation performance, PVDF showed a lower stability and suffered a severe degradation, resulting in a lower thickness and perforations. Finally, the decrease in the methane recovery performance of both membranes was associated with the fouling depositions.
Graphical Abstract
Atrial fibrillation episode patterns as predictor of clinical outcome of catheter ablation
Authors: Saiz-Vivó Javier , Corino Valentina D. A. , Martín-Yebra Alba , Mainardi Luca T. , Hatala Robert , Sörnmo Leif 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMethods for characterization of atrial fibrillation (AF) episode patterns have been introduced without establishing clinical significance. This study investigates, for the first time, whether post-ablation recurrence of AF can be predicted by evaluating episode patterns. The dataset comprises of 54 patients (age 56 ± 11 years; 67% men), with an implantable cardiac monitor, before undergoing the first AF catheter ablation. Two parameters of the alternating bivariate Hawkes model were used to characterize the pattern: AF dominance during the monitoring period (log(mu)) and temporal aggregation of episodes (beta1). Moreover, AF burden and AF density, a parameter characterizing aggregation of AF burden, were studied. The four parameters were computed from an average of 29 AF episodes before ablation. The risk of AF recurrence after catheter ablation using the Hawkes parameters log(mu) and beta1, AF burden, and AF density was evaluated. While the combination of AF burden and AF density is related to a non-significant hazard ratio, the combination of log(mu) and beta1 is related to a hazard ratio of 1.95 (1.03–3.70; p < 0.05). The Hawkes parameters showed increased risk of AF recurrence within 1 year after the procedure for patients with high AF dominance and high episode aggregation and may be used for pre-ablation risk assessment.
Graphical Abstract
Extending the shelf life of mango (Mangifera indica L.) fruits by using edible coating based on xanthan gum and pomegranate peel extract
Authors: Kumar Nishant , Pratibha  , Upadhyay Ashutosh , Trajkovska Petkoska Anka , Gniewosz Małgorzata , Kieliszek Marek 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe effect of various concentration of xanthan gum (0.5%, 1%, and 2%) based edible coating supplemented with pomegranate peel extract (0.5 mL) on functional and physico-chemical properties of mango (Mangifera indicaL.) fruits were studied during the storage period of 15 days at 22 °C. The application of xanthan gum (XG) based edible formulations with pomegranate peel extract (PPE) was found to be effective to maintain the quality attributes and characteristics like reducing weight loss, respiration rate, ethylene production, maintained total soluble solids (TSS), acidity, pH, texture property, ascorbic acid, phenols, and antioxidant activity as compared to control samples. In general, all tested formulations are effective; but edible coatings based on 2% of XG were found the most potential to prevent the postharvest characteristics of mango fruits while maintaining the quality attributes.
Dosimetry and efficacy of a tau PET tracer [18F]MK-6240 in Japanese healthy elderly and patients with Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Ohnishi Akihito , Akamatsu Go , Ikari Yasuhiko , Nishida Hiroyuki , Shimizu Keiji , Matsumoto Keiichi , Aita Kazuki , Sasaki Masahiro , Yamamoto Yasuji , Yamane Tomohiko , Senda Michio 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Objective
A new tau PET tracer [18F]MK-6240 has been developed; however, its dosimetry and pharmacokinetics have been published only for a European population. This study investigated the safety, radiation dosimetry, pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of [18F]MK-6240 in Japanese elderly subjects. Also, the pattern and extent of brain retention of [18F]MK-6240 in Japanese healthy elderly subjects and patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) were investigated. These Japanese results were compared with previous reports on non-Japanese.

Methods
Three healthy elderly subjects and three AD patients were enrolled. Dynamic whole-body PET scans were acquired for up to 232 min after starting injection of [18F]MK-6240 (370.4 ± 27.0 MBq) for the former, while a dynamic brain scan was performed from 0 to 75 min post injection for the latter. For both groups, brain PET scans were conducted from 90 to 110 min post injection. Sequential venous blood sampling was performed to measure the radioactivity concentration in the whole blood and plasma as well as the percentages of parent [18F]MK-6240 and radioactive metabolites in plasma. Organ doses and effective doses were estimated using the OLINDA Ver.2 software. Standardized uptake value ratios (SUVRs) and distribution volume ratios (DVRs) by Logan reference tissue model (LRTM) were measured in eight brain regions using the cerebellar cortex as the reference. Blood tests, urine analysis, vital signs and electrocardiography were performed for safety assessments.

Results
No adverse events were observed. The highest radiation doses were received by the gallbladder (257.7 ± 74.9 μGy/MBq) and the urinary bladder (127.3 ± 11.7 μGy/MBq). The effective dose was 26.8 ± 1.4 μSv/MBq. The parent form ([18F]MK-6240) was metabolized quickly and was less than 15% by 35 min post injection. While no obvious accumulation was found in the brain of healthy subjects, focal accumulation of [18F]MK-6240 was observed in the cerebral cortex of AD patients. Regional SUVRs of the focal lesions in AD patients increased gradually over time, and the difference of SUVRs between healthy subjects and AD patients became large and stable at 90 min after injection. High correlations of SUVR and DVR were observed (p < 0.01).

Conclusion
The findings supported safety and efficacy of [18F]MK-6240 as a tau PET tracer for Japanese populations. Even though the number of subjects was limited, the radiation dosimetry profiles, pharmacokinetics, and biodistribution of [18F]MK-6240 were consistent with those for non-Japanese populations.

Trial registration
Japan Pharmaceutical Information Center ID, JapicCTI-194972.
Copper-based metal halides for X-ray and photodetection
Authors: Qiu Fu , Lei Yutian , Jin Zhiwen 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCopper-based metal halides have become important materials in the field of X-ray and photodetection due to their excellent optical properties, good environmental stability and low toxicity. This review presents the progress of research on crystal structure/morphology, photophysics/optical properties and applications of copper-based metal halides. We also discuss the challenges of copper-based metal halides with a perspective of their future research directions.
Graphical Abstract
Serum insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 as a promising diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in esophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma
Authors: Ding Tian-Yan , Peng Yu-Hui , Hong Chao-Qun , Huang Bin-Liang , Liu Can-Tong , Luo Yun , Chu Ling-Yu , Zhang Biao , Li Xin-Hao , Qu Qi-Qi , Xu Yi-Wei , Wu Fang-Cai 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Esophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma (EJA) lacks serum biomarkers to assist in diagnosis and prognosis. Here, we aimed to evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic value of serum insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 (IGFBP3) in EJA patients.

Methods
320 participants were recruited from November 2016 to January 2020, who were randomly divided into a training cohort (112 normal controls and 102 EJA patients including 24 early-stage patients) and a validation cohort (56 normal controls and 50 EJA patients including 12 early-stage patients). We used receiver operating characteristics curve (ROC) to evaluate diagnostic value. The predictive performance of the nomogram was evaluated by the concordance index (C-index).

Results
Serum IGFBP3 levels were significantly lower in early-stage EJA or EJA patients than those in controls (P < 0.01). Measurement of serum IGFBP3 demonstrated an area under curve of 0.819, specificity 90.18% and sensitivity 43.14% in training cohort. Similar results were observed in validation cohort (0.804, 87.50%, 42.00%). Importantly, serum IGFBP3 had a satisfactory diagnostic value for early-stage EJA (0.822, 90.18%, 45.83% and 0.811, 84.48%, 50.00% in training and validation cohorts, respectively). Furthermore, survival analysis demonstrated that lower serum IGFBP3 level was related to poor prognosis (P < 0.05). Cox multivariate analysis revealed that serum IGFBP3 was an independent prognostic factor (HR = 0.468, P = 0.005). Compared with TNM stage, a nomogram based on serum IGFBP3, tumor size and TNM stage indicated an improved C-index in prognostic prediction (0.625 vs. 0.735, P = 0.001).

Conclusions
We found that serum IGFBP3 was a potential diagnostic and prognostic marker of EJA. Meanwhile, the nomogram might predict the prognosis of EJA more accurately and efficiently.
Estimation of groundwater quality using an integration of water quality index, artificial intelligence methods and GIS: Case study, Central Mediterranean Region of Turkey
Authors: Taşan Sevda 
Published: November 2022

AbstractGroundwater is one of the most important natural resources in the world and is widely used for irrigation purposes. Groundwater quality is affected by various natural heterogeneities and anthropogenic activities. Consequently, monitoring groundwater quality and assessing its suitability are crucial for sustainable agricultural irrigation. In this study, the suitability of groundwater for irrigation was determined by using sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), residual sodium carbonate (RSC), Kelly index (KI), percentage of sodium (Na%), magnesium ratio (MR), potential salinity (PS) and permeability index (PI). The groundwater samples were collected and analyzed from 37 different sampling stations for this purpose. Along with suitability analysis, artificial neural network (ANN) and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) models were used to predict irrigation water quality parameters. The models were evaluated by comparing the measured values and the predicted values using the statistical criteria [coefficient of determination (R2), mean absolute error (MAE), root mean square error (RMSE) and Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NS)]. In the estimation of all irrigation water quality parameters, the ANN model has performed much higher compared with the ANFIS model. Spatial distribution maps were generated for measured and ANN model-estimated irrigation water quality indices using the IDW interpolation method. Spatial distributions of groundwater quality indices revealed that MR was higher than the allowable limits in most of the study areas and the other quality criteria were within the permissible limits. It has been determined that the interpolation maps obtained as a result of artificial intelligence methods have appropriate sensitivity when compared with the observed maps. Based on the present findings, ANN models could be used as an efficient tool for estimating groundwater quality indices in unsampled sections of the study area and the other regions with similar conditions.
Potable water production from ambient moisture
Authors: Şenol Ramazan , Salman Osamah , Kaya Zekeriya 
Published: November 2022

AbstractNowadays, with the rapid increase in world population, potable water shortage has started to create serious problems. Many factors such as increased water consumption, environmental problems and climate change cause the decrease in potable water resources. In this study, a fully automatic system which produces water from ambient humidity developed to provide solutions especially in areas where access to clean and potable water resources is difficult. Moisture and salt are used for raw material. CaCl2 salt is not very good for moisture absorption, but when compared with other salts, it can provide a great advantage under human health and cost. The machine is also reinforced with electrical equipment and measures the ambient temperature, pressure values and humidity, consumed energy and prints it on the memory card (SD card) in real time. While the system is running, it can be controlled and read over the phone. Experiments have been carried out and the changes in the amount of water produced and the amount of salt consumed depending on the ambient humidity and temperature have been investigated. The amount of energy consumed by the system was also analyzed. It was observed that the amount of water produced was directly proportional to the ambient humidity.