bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TaSRO1 plays a dual role in suppressing TaSIP1 to fine tune mitochondrial retrograde signalling and enhance salinity stress tolerance
Authors: Wang Mei , Wang Meng , Zhao Min , Wang Mengcheng , Liu Shupeng , Tian Yanchen , Moon Byeongho , Liang Chaochao , Li Chunlong , Shi Weiming , Bai Ming‐Yi , Liu Shuwei , Zhang Wei , Hwang Inhwan , Xia Guangmin 
Published: June 2022

Summary

Initially discovered in yeast, mitochondrial retrograde signalling has long been recognised as an essential in the perception of stress by eukaryotes. However, how to maintain the optimal amplitude and duration of its activation under natural stress conditions remains elusive in plants.

Here, we show that TaSRO1, a major contributor to the agronomic performance of bread wheat plants exposed to salinity stress, interacted with a transmembrane domain‐containing NAC transcription factor TaSIP1, which could translocate from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) into the nucleus and activate some mitochondrial dysfunction stimulon (MDS) genes. Overexpression of TaSIP1 and TaSIP1‐∆C (a form lacking the transmembrane domain) in wheat both compromised the plants' tolerance of salinity stress, highlighting the importance of precise regulation of this signal cascade during salinity stress.

The interaction of TaSRO1/TaSIP1, in the cytoplasm, arrested more TaSIP1 on the membrane of ER, and in the nucleus, attenuated the trans‐activation activity of TaSIP1, therefore reducing the TaSIP1‐mediated activation of MDS genes. Moreover, the overexpression of TaSRO1 rescued the inferior phenotype induced by TaSIP1 overexpression.

Our study provides an orchestrating mechanism executed by the TaSRO1–TaSIP1 module that balances the growth and stress response via fine tuning the level of mitochondria retrograde signalling.
Transcorneal electrical stimulation enhances cognitive functions in aged and 5XFAD mouse models
Authors: Yu Wing Shan , Aquili Luca , Wong Kah Hui , Lo Amy Cheuk Yin , Chan Leanne Lai Hang , Chan Ying‐Shing , Lim Lee Wei 
Published: June 2022

AbstractDementia is a major burden on global health for which there are no effective treatments. The use of noninvasive visual stimulation to ameliorate cognitive deficits is a novel concept that may be applicable for treating dementia. In this study, we investigated the effects of transcorneal electrical stimulation (TES) on memory enhancement using two mouse models, in aged mice and in the 5XFAD model of Alzheimer's disease. After 3 weeks of TES treatment, mice were subjected to Y‐maze and Morris water maze tests to assess hippocampal‐dependent learning and memory. Immunostaining of the hippocampus of 5XFAD mice was also performed to examine the effects of TES on amyloid plaque pathology. The results showed that TES improved the performance of both aged and 5XFAD mice in memory tests. TES also reduced hippocampal plaque deposition in male, but not female, 5XFAD mice. Moreover, TES significantly reversed the downregulated level of postsynaptic protein 95 in the hippocampus of male 5XFAD mice, suggesting the effects of TES involve a postsynaptic mechanism. Overall, these findings support further investigation of TES as a potential treatment for cognitive dysfunction and mechanistic studies of TES effects in other dementia models.
Quantification and visualization of the tooth extraction effects on face with spatially dense geometric morphometrics
Authors: Fan Yi , Liu Zhiyu , Chen Gui , Han Bing , Song Guangying , Matthews Harold , Claes Peter , Jiang Ruoping , Xu Tianmin 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPurposeTo apply geometric morphometrics and multivariate statistics to evaluate changes of the face for female Chinese patients who underwent orthodontic treatment with different type of anchorage control.MethodsForty‐six adult female patients were enrolled including 33 four first premolar extraction cases (17 patients with mini‐implants for maximum anchorage control and 16 patients without mini‐implants) and 13 non‐extraction cases with minimum treatment duration of 15 months. Spatially dense correspondence was established among all the images The pre‐and post‐treatment average faces of the two extraction groups and the non‐extraction group were generated. Partial least squares regression was used to test the statistical significance of the effects of treatment for different anchorage choice.ResultsThe upper and lower lips were retruded significantly after treatment in the extraction groups. In the maximum anchorage control group, the temple and cheek were depressed by approximately 1 mm, and the zygomatic regions were increased in the mid‐face. However, these changes were not statistically significant. In comparison, no statistically significant facial changes occurred in the non‐extraction group.ConclusionsThe anchorage choice and the removal of four first premolar extraction influence lip shape as well as the perioral regions. However, extraction treatment does not impact the appearance of the cheeks and temples on a statistically level, as compared to orthodontic treatment without premolar extractions. Spatially dense geometric morphometric facilitates comprehensive treatment effect quantification and visualization on the full facial changes for improving orthodontic outcome evaluation.
Pneumoparotid: Practical impact of Surgeon performed Ultrasound in an effective Diagnostic Approach
Authors: Goncalves Miguel , Sievert Matti , Mantsopoulos Konstantinos , Schapher Mirco Lothar , Mueller Sarina Katrin , Iro Heinrich , Koch Michael 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectivesPneumoparotid is characterized by air inclusions in the parotid duct system. Use of ultrasound has proved valuable for evaluating air inclusions in various parts of the body; the diagnostics of this condition has not been systematically analyzed, however. The aim of this study was to evaluate the value of ultrasound in the detection of air inclusions along the parotid duct system and its closer characterization.MethodsRetrospective analysis was carried out of patients diagnosed with pneumoparotid between 2005 and 2020 in a salivary gland center. Ultrasound was performed in all cases, and features of air inclusions were described. Reference standard was the clinical demonstration of foamy saliva after gland massage and/or sialendoscopic evidence of intraductal air inclusions.ResultsTwenty‐one patients were identified (48.8 ± 3.8 years). Two were associated with wind instruments; seven were iatrogenic, following treatment for duct stenosis; one after radiotherapy; four with known bruxism and seven were idiopathic and without associated conditions. On ultrasound examination, pneumoparotid was characterized by three phenomena: flattened, mobile hyperechoic reflexes, dirty shadows with reverberation or “sunbeam effect,” and shifting shadows during gland massage.ConclusionsUltrasound was useful for characterizing pneumoparotid in a fast and practical way and could serve as imaging tool of first choice.
Household size, T regulatory cell development, and early allergic disease: a birth cohort study
Authors: Ponsonby Anne‐Louise , Collier Fiona , O’Hely Martin , Tang Mimi L. K. , Ranganathan Sarath , Gray Lawrence , Morwitch Ellen , Saffery Richard , Burgner David , Dwyer Terence , Sly Peter D. , Harrison Leonard C. , Vuillermin Peter ,   BIS Investigator Group
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundChildren born to larger households have less allergic disease. T regulatory cell (Treg) development may be a relevant mechanism, but this has not been studied longitudinally.ObjectiveWe aim to (i) describe how prenatal and postnatal environmental factors are associated with Treg development and (ii) investigate whether serial Treg measures predict allergic outcomes at 1 year of age.MethodsA birth cohort (n = 1074) with information on prenatal and postnatal early life factors. Both naïve Treg (nTreg) and activated Treg (aTreg) cell populations (as a proportion of CD4+ T cells) were available in 463 infants at birth (cord blood), 600 at 6 months, and 675 at 12 months. 191 infants had serial measures. Measures of allergic status at 12 months were polysensitization (sensitization to 2 or more allergens), clinically proven food allergy, atopic eczema, and atopic wheeze.ResultsInfants born to larger households (3 or more residents) had higher longitudinal nTreg proportions over the first postnatal year with a mean difference (MD) of 0.67 (95% CI 0.30–1.04)%. Higher nTreg proportions at birth were associated with a reduced risk of infant allergic outcomes. Childcare attendance and breastfeeding were associated with higher longitudinal nTreg proportions (MD 0.48 (95% CI 0.08–0.80)%.ConclusionMultiple prenatal and postnatal microbial factors are associated with nTreg and aTreg development. Larger household size was associated with higher nTreg at birth which in turn was associated with reduced allergic sensitization and disease at 12 months of age.
Error traps in acute pain management in children
Authors: Vecchione Tricia M. , Agarwal Rita , Monitto Constance L. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractProviding effective acute pain management to hospitalized children can help improve outcomes, decrease length of stay, and increase patient and parental satisfaction. Error traps (circumstances that lead to erroneous actions or undesirable consequences) can result in inadequately controlled pain, unnecessary side effects, and adverse events. This article highlights five error traps encountered when managing acute pain in children. They include failure to appropriately assess pain, optimally utilize regional anesthesia, select suitable systemic analgesics, identify and treat medication‐related side effects, and consider patient characteristics when choosing medication or dosing route. These issues are easily addressed when the clinician is cognizant of ways to anticipate, identify, and mitigate or avoid these errors.
Spouse bereavement and brain pathologies: A propensity score matching study
Authors: Kim Jee Wook , Byun Min Soo , Lee Jun Ho , Yi Dahyun , Kim Min Jung , Jung Gijung , Lee Jun‐Young , Lee Yun‐Sang , Kim Yu Kyeong , Kang Koung Mi , Sohn Chul‐Ho , Lee Dong Young ,   for the KBASE Research Group
Published: June 2022

AimSpouse bereavement is one of life's greatest stresses and has been suggested to trigger or accelerate cognitive decline and dementia. However, little information is available about the potential brain pathologies underlying the association between spouse bereavement and cognitive decline. We aimed to investigate that lifetime spouse bereavement is associated with in vivo human brain pathologies underlying cognitive decline.MethodsA total of 319 ever‐married older adults between the ages of 61 and 90 years underwent comprehensive clinical assessments and multimodal brain imaging including [11C] Pittsburgh compound B‐positron emission tomography (PET), AV‐1451 PET, [18F] fluorodeoxyglucose‐PET, and magnetic resonance imaging. Participants were classified as experiencing no spouse bereavement or spouse bereavement, and comparisons using propensity score matching (59 cases and 59 controls) were performed.ResultsSpouse bereavement was significantly associated with higher cerebral white matter hyperintensity (WMH) volume compared with no spouse bereavement. Interaction and subsequent subgroup analyses showed that spouse bereavement was significantly associated with higher WMH in the older (>75 years) subgroup and among those with no‐ or low‐skill occupations. In addition, spouse bereavement at 60 years or older affects WMH volume compared with no spouse bereavement, whereas spouse bereavement at younger than 60 years did not. No group differences were observed in other brain pathologies between spouse bereavement categories.ConclusionsThe findings suggest that the spouse bereavement may contribute to dementia or cognitive decline by increasing cerebrovascular injury, particularly in older individuals and those with no‐ or low‐skill occupations.
Acceptability and utility of a virtual pediatric transplant peer mentoring program: A mixed‐methods analysis of a novel quality improvement program
Authors: Criss Steven Dean , Dageforde Leigh Anne , Coe Taylor Makena , Brandes Rachel Ariel , Li Sienna , Keegan‐Pitts Eileen , Ritter Rachel , Luby Barb , Ladin Keren , Yeh Heidi 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundAdolescent transplant patients are at increased risk for graft loss at a period when they also suffer from illness‐related social isolation, which has been exacerbated by the COVID‐19 pandemic. The Peer Mentoring Program (PMP), developed in 2018, was adapted to a virtual format in 2020 due to COVID‐19. Our objective is to evaluate the acceptability, utility, and potential impact of the in‐person and virtual versions of the PMP on participants.MethodsWe performed convergent mixed‐methods analysis of the experiences of patients participating in the PMP for quality improvement purposes.ResultsSurveys and focus group invitations were sent to 18 current program participants, with 17 patients responding to the survey and 13 patients participating in focus groups. In this study, 82% were satisfied and 88% would recommend PMP; 76% identified other PMP members as people they would like to keep in touch with. Qualitative analysis revealed three themes: (1) a supportive community of peers, (2) reduced isolation, and (3) receiving accurate information from providers.ConclusionsThere is a prominent need for greater peer support among adolescent transplant patients transitioning to adulthood, especially with the increased isolation associated with COVID‐19. The virtual adaptation could be an important, permanent supplement to in‐person events.
Limiting the impact of supply chain disruptions in the face of distributional uncertainty in demand
Authors: Timonina‐Farkas Anna , Glogg René Y. , Seifert Ralf W. 
Published: June 2022

Service‐level requirements play a crucial role in eliminating stock‐outs in a production pipeline. However, delivering a specific service level can become an unattainable goal given the various uncertainties influencing both the production pipeline and customer demand and causing the manufacturer to adapt the initial strategy in response to disruptions. Such deviations from optimality frequently result in unexpected (and potentially very high) costs and are complex to manage. On the one hand, the manufacturer can use a robust or distributionally robust approach to prepare for the worst‐case disruption, ensuring that the realized cost will be lower than the estimated cost with high probability. On the other hand, this solution may lead to overly conservative production schedules. In this article, we take a different approach and develop a bilevel stochastic optimization model with chance constraints, which allows us to make the production more predictable in the event of disruptions by driving costs and optimal schedules closer to the benchmark for each scenario considered. We introduce doubly probabilistic service‐level requirements to account for two interdependent layers of uncertainty, that is, production disruptions and distributional uncertainties in customer demand. This allows us to make high‐quality production decisions with only a limited understanding of the demand pattern. Approximating the problem for a numerical solution, we guarantee tight optimality gaps for high service levels and propose an efficient solution scheme, combining robust scenario reduction with a customized Benders decomposition procedure. In the managerial section, we use the Omega× Swatch MoonSwatches example to demonstrate that a desirable doubly probabilistic service level can be attained for disruptions with a drop in demand. In the case of disruptions followed by a peak in demand, one can tighten the optimality gaps if the service level is reduced.
Exploring the meaning of journal writing in people living with dementia: a qualitative study
Authors: Tsuda Shuji , Jinno Mami , Hotta Satoko 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundPeople living with dementia face a constant struggle in re‐establishing their means of living a meaningful life. Journal writing exhibits the potential to help them regain a sense of control over their lives. This study explores the experience, meaning, and value of journal writing for people living with dementia who autonomously engage in the activity.MethodsWe conducted individual, semi‐structured interviews with eight people living with dementia who each kept a personal, paper‐based daily journal. The interviews were thematically analyzed.ResultsWe identified four main themes. Theme 1. Recognition of the harsh reality of life under dementia. Theme 2. Observation of and compensation for weaknesses. Theme 3. Reacknowledgement and reaffirmation of one's identity, and Theme 4. Resignation and regret over comparisons to one's ‘former’ self. Themes 2 and 3 suggest that journal writing enabled self‐reflection on daily activity functions and sense of self. However, Theme 4 represents the downside where an individual more acutely realises their deteriorating condition and regrets over their perceived loss of self.ConclusionWhile acknowledging the possible adverse effect of amplifying pessimistic perceptions toward life, journal writing is a powerful ‘self‐help’ strategy for people living with dementia and provides an avenue to recover and thrive.
Periodic and aperiodic contributions to theta‐beta ratios across adulthood
Authors: Finley Anna J. , Angus Douglas J. , van Reekum Carien M. , Davidson Richard J. , Schaefer Stacey M. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe ratio of fronto‐central theta (4–7 Hz) to beta oscillations (13–30 Hz), known as the theta‐beta ratio, is negatively correlated with attentional control, reinforcement learning, executive function, and age. Although theta‐beta ratios have been found to decrease with age in adolescents and young adults, theta has been found to increase with age in older adults. Moreover, age‐related decrease in individual alpha peak frequency and flattening of the 1/f aperiodic component may artifactually inflate the association between theta‐beta ratio and age. These factors lead to an incomplete understanding of how theta‐beta ratio varies across the lifespan and the extent to which variation is due to a conflation of aperiodic and periodic activity. We conducted a partially preregistered analysis examining the cross‐sectional associations between age and resting canonical fronto‐central theta‐beta ratio, individual alpha peak frequency, and aperiodic component (n = 268; age 36–84, M = 55.8, SD = 11.0). Age was negatively associated with theta‐beta ratios, individual peak alpha frequencies, and the aperiodic exponent. The correlation between theta‐beta ratios and age remained after controlling for individual peak alpha frequencies, but was nonsignificant when controlling for the aperiodic exponent. Aperiodic exponent fully mediated the relationship between theta‐beta ratio and age, although beta remained significantly associated with age after controlling for theta, individual peak alpha, and aperiodic exponent. Results replicate previous observations and show age‐related decreases in theta‐beta ratios are not due to age‐related decrease in individual peak alpha frequencies but primarily explained by flattening of the aperiodic component with age.
Cognitive control of invalid predominant ideas in insight‐like problem solving
Authors: Zhou Liyu , Yan Haiqiong , Ren Jingyuan , Li Fuhong , Luo Jing , Huang Furong 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPredominant ordinary ideas are insufficient for solving insight‐like problems; they interfere with subordinate original ideas and can produce a mental impasse. However, how people monitor and control invalid predominant ideas remains largely unknown. In the current study, participants were asked to solve a sequence of several similar practice problems that had the same solution to strengthen a predominant idea; the participants were then presented with an insight‐like test problem that could not be solved by the predominant idea. The results showed that if the test problem was similar to the practice problems in which the predominant idea could typically be applied, it elicited greater late sustained potential (LSP) over the whole brain but no conflict‐related N2 or N400 components, which suggests that the participants did not experience cognitive conflict and continued to verify the predominant but currently invalid idea. When the test problem differed from the practice problems, the items that participants reported trying to solve elicited greater N2‐N400 and LSP over the whole brain, which suggests that the participants experienced cognitive conflict and exerted more reactive control over the invalid predominant idea; in contrast, the items that participants reported thinking about how to solve did not evoke greater conflict‐related N2‐N400 components and evoked even lower LSP, which likely indicates an ineffective state. These findings demonstrate three kinds of cognitive control toward invalid predominant ideas in situations where they are typically and not typically applied and provide empirical evidence of a mental impasse in insight‐like problem‐solving behaviors.
Non‐refoulement and climate change‐induced displacement: Regional and international cross‐fertilization?
Authors: De Coninck Joyce , Soete Anemoon 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn the landmark Teitiota decision, the United Nations Human Rights Committee held that the return of an asylum seeker to his home State may trigger the non‐refoulement principle under the right to life in the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, due to harms associated to climate change and environmental degradation. Whereas the 1951 Refugee Convention remains silent on the topic, the Committee seemingly broadened the scope of the non‐refoulement principle applicable to asylum seekers to include those fleeing the effects of climate change. While hailed by many, the implications of the case should not be exaggerated. Instead, upon closer inspection, the cracks and flaws in the reasoning of the Committee become evident. The reconcilability of this decision with the obligation to ensure that rights protected by the Covenant do not become theoretical and illusory is obscure at best. This analysis adopts a two‐pronged comparative approach. First, it investigates the scope of non‐refoulement across regional human rights instruments and notable domestic cases, with a focus on how the general conditions of the country of return factor into its application. This comparative case law approach provides clarity on whether the Committee adopted a cautious or rather progressive approach in this climate change‐induced displacement case. Second, this contribution investigates the procedural burden and standard of proof in non‐refoulement cases across regional human rights bodies. As the raison d'être of this principle is to anticipate hypothetical situations of harm upon return, it is crucial to determine whether consensus or divergence exists concerning the burden and standard of proof and how this may apply to climate change‐induced displacement cases.