bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reconstructing human Brown Fat developmental trajectory in vitro
Authors: Rao Jyoti , Chal Jerome , Marchianò Fabio , Wang Chih-Hao , Al Tanoury Ziad , Gapon Svetlana , Djeffal Yannis , Mayeuf-Louchart Alicia , Glass Ian , Sefton Elizabeth M. , Habermann Bianca , Kardon Gabrielle , Watt Fiona M. , Tseng Yu-Hua , Pourquié Olivier 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACTBrown adipocytes represent a specialized type of mammalian adipocytes able to uncouple nutrient catabolism from ATP generation to dissipate energy as heat. They play an important role in mammals, allowing non-shivering thermogenesis to regulate body temperature in response to cold exposure. In humans, the brown fat tissue is composed of small discrete depots found mostly throughout the neck and trunk region. Increasing brown fat activity either with drug treatment or cell therapy is considered a potential approach for the treatment of metabolic syndrome and obesity. The recent development of in vitro differentiation strategies relying on human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) offers the possibility to produce unlimited amounts of brown adipocytes. A strategy efficiently applied to several tissues is to recapitulate step by step the development of the tissue of interest by exposing hPSCs to the signaling cues used during normal embryonic development. However, this strategy has proven difficult to implement for brown fat as the development of this tissue is poorly understood. Here, we first used single cell RNA sequencing to characterize the development of interscapular brown fat in mouse. Our analysis identified a previously unrecognized population of brown adipocytes precursors characterized by expression of the transcription factor GATA6. We show that this precursor population can be efficiently generated from paraxial mesoderm precursors differentiated in vitro from hPSCs by modulating the signaling pathways identified in our transcriptomic analysis. These precursors can in turn be efficiently converted into functional brown adipocytes which can respond to adrenergic stimuli by increasing their metabolism resulting in heat production.
Prefrontal cortex melanocortin 4 receptors (MC4R) mediate food intake behavior in mice
Authors: Ross Rachel A , Kim Angela , Das Priyanka , Li Yan , Choi Yong Kee , Thompson Andy T , Douglas Ella , Subramanian Siva , Ramos Kat , Callahan Kathryn , Bolshakov Vadim Y , Ressler Kerry J 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundMelanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R) activity in the hypothalamus is crucial for regulation of metabolism and food intake. The peptide ligands for the MC4R are associated with feeding, energy expenditure, and also with complex behaviors that orchestrate energy intake and expenditure, but the downstream neuroanatomical and neurochemical targets associated with these behaviors are elusive. In addition to strong expression in the hypothalamus, the MC4R is highly expressed in the medial prefrontal cortex, a region involved in executive function and decision-making.MethodsUsing viral techniques in genetically modified mice combined with molecular techniques, we identify and describe the neuronal dynamics, and define the effects on feeding behavior of a novel population of MC4R expressing neurons in the infralimbic region of the cortex.ResultsHere, we describe a novel population of MC4R-expressing neurons in the infralimbic (IL) region of the mouse prefrontal cortex that are glutamatergic, receive input from melanocortinergic neurons of the arcuate hypothalamus, and project to multiple regions that coordinate appetitive responses to food-related stimuli. The neurons are depolarized by application of MC4R-specific peptidergic agonist, THIQ. Deletion of MC4R from the IL neurons causes increased food intake and body weight gain and impaired executive function in simple food-related behavior tasks.ConclusionTogether, these data suggest that MC4R neurons of the IL play a critical role in the regulation of food intake.
Neurocomputational principles underlying the number sense
Authors: Park Joonkoo , Huber David E. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMany species of animals exhibit an intuitive sense of number, suggesting a fundamental neural mechanism for representing numerosity in a visual scene. Recent empirical studies demonstrate that early feedforward visual responses are sensitive to numerosity of a dot array but not to continuous dimensions orthogonal to numerosity, such as size and spacing of the dots. However, the mechanisms that extract numerosity are unknown. Here we identified the core neurocomputational principles underlying these effects: (1) center-surround contrast filters; (2) at different spatial scales; with (3) divisive normalization across network units. In an untrained computational model, these principles eliminated sensitivity to size and spacing, making numerosity the main determinant of the neuronal response magnitude. Moreover, a model implementation of these principles explained both well-known and relatively novel illusions of numerosity perception across space and time. This supports the conclusion that the neural structures and feedforward processes that encode numerosity naturally produce visual illusions of numerosity. Together, these results identify a set of neurocomputational properties that gives rise to the ubiquity of the number sense in the animal kingdom.
A novel robotic 6DOF pose measurement strategy for large-size casts based on stereo vision
Authors: Wan Guoyang , Li Fudong , Liu Bingyou , Bai Shoujun , Wang Guofeng , Xing Kaisheng 
Published: June 2022

Purpose
This paper aims to study six degrees-of-freedom (6DOF) pose measurement of reflective metal casts by machine vision, analyze the problems existing in the positioning of metal casts by stereo vision sensor in unstructured environment and put forward the visual positioning and grasping strategy that can be used in industrial robot cell.

Design/methodology/approach
A multikeypoints detection network Binocular Attention Hourglass Net is constructed, which can complete the two-dimensional positioning of the left and right cameras of the stereo vision system at the same time and provide reconstruction information for three-dimensional pose measurement. Generate adversarial networks is introduced to enhance the image of local feature area of object surface, and the three-dimensional pose measurement of object is completed by combining RANSAC ellipse fitting algorithm and triangulation method.

Findings
The proposed method realizes the high-precision 6DOF positioning and grasping of reflective metal casts by industrial robots; it has been applied in many fields and solves the problem of difficult visual measurement of reflective casts. The experimental results show that the system exhibits superior recognition performance, which meets the requirements of the grasping task.

Research limitations/implications
Because of the chosen research approach, the research results may lack generalizability. The proposed method is more suitable for objects with plane positioning features.

Originality/value
This paper realizes the 6DOF pose measurement of reflective casts by vision system, and solves the problem of positioning and grasping such objects by industrial robot.
Evaluating e-commerce website qualities: personality traits as triggers
Authors: Tseng Fan-Chen , Huang Tzu-Ling , Cheng T. C. E. , Teng Ching-I 
Published: June 2022

PurposeThe five-factor model (FFM), a popular personality typology that identifies five key personality traits, has been used to predict use intention in various e-commerce applications, but the role of FFM in triggering certain evaluations of the various quality dimensions of e-commerce websites has not been examined, revealing a gap, i.e. the authors do not know how the five personality traits impact evaluations of the quality dimensions of e-commerce websites. The 3Q model—which comprises system quality (SysQ), information quality (IQ), and service quality (SQ), spanning 13 quality dimensions—is helpful for evaluating website quality, but the model neglects user characteristics and their impacts on quality evaluation, posing another gap, i.e. the authors do not know how user characteristics impact the user's evaluation of quality dimensions. Thus, the authors used the FFM to extend the 3Q model to explain how user personality predicts the evaluation of websites in the 13 quality dimensions.Design/methodology/approachThe authors used an online survey to collect responses from 392 online shoppers. Structural equation modeling was used to test the hypotheses.FindingsThe authors found that openness in a shopper predicts their favorable evaluation of a website in the quality dimensions of format and flexibility; conscientiousness predicts favorable evaluation in terms of completeness, accuracy, currency, timeliness, and service reliability; neuroticism predicts unfavorable evaluation in terms of reliability, accessibility, and assurance; and extraversion predicts favorable evaluation in terms of responsiveness; while agreeableness did not predict empathy.Originality/valueIn sum, the authors successfully used the FFM to theoretically extend the 3Q model, which clarifies the usefulness and pathways of personality in formulating strategies for e-commerce success.
The growing importance of lidar technology
Authors: Bogue Robert 
Published: June 2022

Purpose
This paper aims to provide an insight into light detection and ranging (lidar) technology and its growing applications in robotics.

Design/methodology/approach
Following a short introduction, this paper first describes the main lidar techniques and then provides details of a selection of recent academic and corporate research and development activities. This is followed by a discussion of existing and emerging applications. Finally, conclusions are drawn.

Findings
Lidar technology has been the topic of extensive development activity and several principles which differ from the original concept have been commercialised. Lidars are used in all manner of autonomous mobile robots (AMRs) across a broad sector of industries for navigation and have recently started to penetrate the domestic robot market. They have the potential to play a central role in the emerging families of driverless passenger cars and commercial vehicles. In the future, the markets for lidar are expected to expand dramatically as the technology continues to evolve and improve and autonomous vehicles, AMRs and drones become ever-more commonplace.

Originality/value
This paper illustrates the growing importance of lidar to robotics by providing details of the technology, developments and applications.
Workplace ostracism and organizational change cynicism: moderating role of emotional intelligence
Authors: Sahoo Bharat Chandra , Sia Surendra Kumar , Mishra Lalit Kumar , Wilson M.J. Antony 
Published: June 2022

Purpose
The current work explores the relationship between workplace ostracism, emotional intelligence (EI) and organizational change cynicism. This paper also aims to examine how dimensions of EI moderate the relationship between workplace ostracism and organizational change cynicism.

Design/methodology/approach
This study intends to examine the contribution of independent variable as well as moderating variable towards the outcome. Therefore, Pearson product–moment correlation and moderated regression analyses have been carried out to verify the hypotheses. To validate the tools upon the employees of India, authors have carried out measurement model analyses through AMOS and checked their composite reliability, convergent validity (average variance extraction [AVE]) and discriminant validity (square root of AVE). This study followed a simple random sampling technique with 276 employees (Male: N = 150, Mage = 34.34, female: N = 126, Mage = 31.57) from three manufacturing units of Odisha, an Eastern part of India.

Findings
Results showed that workplace ostracism was positively related to organizational change cynicism. However, only two dimensions of EI, namely, appraisal and regulation of self-emotion (ARSE) and other’s emotional appraisal were negatively related to organizational change cynicism. Moderated regression analysis indicates that positive relationship between workplace ostracism and organizational change cynicism is stronger for employees with low ARSE and other emotional appraisals than those with higher scores.

Practical/implications
The researchers conclude this paper with inputs for developing a suitable training module on EI, specifically focusing on various emotional management skills.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is first of its kind on workplace ostracism and organizational change cynicism among Indian employees in the manufacturing sector. This study also examines the moderating role of EI on workplace ostracism and organizational change cynicism, which has been somehow inadequate in the present epoch.
Awareness on agricultural entrepreneurship among youth farmers: an empirical study from Western Nepal
Authors: Devkota Niranjan , Joshi Ashok , Khanal Ghanashyam , Mahapatra Sushanta Kumar , Gautam Nabaraj , Paudel Udaya Raj , Bhandari Udbodh 
Published: June 2022

PurposeAgriculture, since time immemorial, has been a major sector in reducing poverty, accelerating economic activities and source of sustainability of a nation. As most of the youth in the 21st century are targeting the youth's career in the non-agricultural sector, attracting and involving the youths in agribusinesses is the need of the hour. In this regard, the research tries to understand the awareness and involvement of youth farmers in agripreneurship in Western Nepal.Design/methodology/approachUsing a structured questionnaire, data were collected from both primary and secondary sources. On the basis of descriptive and inferential analysis, the ordered logit model is employed in the study. The research is based on explanatory research design through identifying farmers' awareness of agriculture entrepreneurship from 324 farmers of Bedkot Municipality, Kanchanpur, Nepal.FindingsStudy findings have shown that agricultural knowledge with overall awareness is statistically significant. Ordered logistic regression indicated that sex has somehow influenced technical and entrepreneur skills while agriculture information highly influenced education and training. The result shows that agricultural training is still the requirement of one-fourth of the farmers, whereas another quarter of farmers need subsidies.Research limitations/implicationsThe study suggests that in order to enhance awareness, training, subsidy, market management and development program are widely needed. In the backdrop of declining agro-products and food security challenges, the study targets to offer an understanding to policymakers and stakeholders on addressing the dire need of agripreneurship among the youths around the world.Originality/valueThe study summarizes the state of knowledge of agripreneurship of Nepalese farmers, identifies emerging issues and policy implications and priorities for future applied research.
“What’s it really worth?” A meta-analysis of customer-perceived relationship value in B2B markets
Authors: Geiger Ingmar , Naacke David 
Published: June 2022

Purpose
Research on customer-perceived relationship value (CPRV) in business-to-business (B2B) markets has flourished over the past two decades. This paper aims to meta-analytically take stock of this research stream. It creates a comprehensive overview of the theoretical bases of CPRV research and establishes CPRV in its nomological network. The latter includes relationship benefits and sacrifices, offer quality, trust, switching costs, satisfaction, commitment, loyalty and salience of alternatives. Meaningful boundary conditions of the links to and from CPRV emerge from this research.

Design/methodology/approach
To locate suitable primary studies for inclusion in this meta-analysis, a comprehensive literature search was performed. Selection criteria ensured that only suitable B2B samples were included. Meta-analytical random and mixed-effects models were performed on a sample of k = 83 independent data sets from 94 primary publications, with a total n = 22,305.

Findings
All constructs are strongly related to CPRV in the expected direction, except for switching costs and salience of alternatives with a moderate relationship and relationship sacrifices with a non-significant mean association. Firm type (manufacturing, non-manufacturing), key informant role (purchaser, non-purchaser), supplier offering type (goods, services) and measurement approach (reflective, formative) function as boundary conditions in the moderation analysis.

Originality/value
This study is one of the very rare meta-analyses that draws exclusively from B2B marketing primary studies. It summarizes and solidifies the current theoretical and empirical knowledge on CPRV in business markets. The novel inclusion of boundary conditions offers additional insight over primary studies and makes for interesting new research directions.
Miniaturized bandwidth reconfigurable microwave bandpass filter
Authors: P. Ponnammal , J. Manjula 
Published: June 2022

Purpose
Modern wireless communications need novel microwave components that can be effectively used for high data rate and low-power applications. The operating environment decides the severity of the noise coupled to the transceiver system from the ambient environment. In a deep fading environment, narrowband systems fail where the wideband systems come for rescue. Thus, the microwave components are ought to switch between the narrowband and wideband states. This paper aims to study the design of a bandpass filter to meet the requirements by appropriately switching between the dual narrowband frequencies and single ultra-wideband frequency band.

Design/methodology/approach
The design and implementation of a compact microwave filter with reconfigurable bandwidth characteristics are presented in this paper. The proposed filter is constructed using a hexagonal ring with shorted perturbation along one corner. The filter is capacitively coupled to the external excitation source. External stubs are connected to the corners of the hexagonal resonator to obtain dual passband characteristics centred at 2.1 and 4.5 GHz. The external stubs are configured to achieve bandwidth reconfigurable characteristics. PIN diodes are used with a suitable biasing network to obtain reconfiguration. In the reconfigured state, the proposed two-port filter offers a continuous bandwidth from 2.1 to 5.9 GHz. The roll-off rate along the band edges is improved by increasing the order of the filter.

Findings
The proposed filter operates in two states. In state 1, the filter operates with dual frequencies centred around 2 and 4.5 GHz with insertion loss less than <1 dB and return loss greater than 13 dB with a peak return loss of 21 and 31 dB at 2.1 and 2.15 GHz, respectively. In state 2, the filter operates from 2.1 to 5.9 GHz with insertion loss less than 1 dB and return loss greater than 12 dB. The filter exhibits four-pole characteristics with a peak return loss greater than 22 dB. Thus, the fractional bandwidth of the proposed filter is 17% and 16% in state 1, whereas the fractional bandwidth is 95% in state 2.

Originality/value
The proposed filter is the first of its kind to simultaneously offer miniaturization and bandwidth reconfiguration. The proposed second-order filter has two-pole characteristics in the narrowband state, whereas four-pole characteristics are realized in the wideband state. The growing interest in 4G and 5G wireless communications makes the proposed filter a suitable candidate for operation in the rich scattering environment.
The impact of abusive supervision differentiation on team performance in team competitive climates
Authors: Wang Yating , Zhou Mingjian , Zhu Hong , Wu Xuehua 
Published: June 2022

PurposeThis paper aims to explore the mechanism underlying the relationship between abusive supervision differentiation (ASD) and team performance. The moderating roles of inter-team and intra-team competitive climate are also examined.Design/methodology/approachThis research collects data from 419 employees and 71 supervisors from hospitals and financial companies in China. Techniques include descriptive statistics and hierarchical multiple regression are applied to analyze the data.FindingsThis research finds that (1) team relationship conflict mediated the relationship between ASD and team performance and (2) intra-team competitive climate strengthened the indirect relationship between ASD and team performance through team relationship conflict.Practical implicationsThe results indicate that organizations should take measures to minimize the occurrence of abusive supervision. Team leaders should increase self-control and avoid abusing employees. Furthermore, organizations should establish an open and fair reward and punishment system to avoid cutthroat competition.Originality/valueThis study advances our knowledge of how ASD results in poor team effectiveness. This contributes to the literature by identifying team relationship conflict as a mediating mechanism linking the negative association of ASD with team performance. Additionally, competitive climate enriches the individual-focused team-level model of abusive supervision.
Increased precipitation attenuates shrub encroachment by facilitating herbaceous growth in a Mongolian grassland
Authors: Zhu Yankun , Shen Haihua , Akinyemi Damilare Stephen , Zhang Pujin , Feng Yinping , Zhao Mengying , Kang Jie , Zhao Xia , Hu Huifeng , Fang Jingyun 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Widespread shrub encroachment is profoundly impacting the structures and functions of global drylands, and precipitation change is assumed to be one of the most critical factors affecting this phenomenon. However, there is little evidence to show how precipitation changes will affect the process.

In this study, we conducted a 6‐year precipitation manipulation experiment (−30%, ambient, +30% and +50%) to investigate the effects of precipitation changes on the growth of shrubs and herbaceous plants in a shrub‐encroached grassland in Inner Mongolia.

We found that the increasing precipitation significantly increased the mean height, coverage and above‐ground biomass of herbaceous species, while the growth of shrub species did not exhibit a significant response to precipitation changes. With increasing precipitation, the relative coverage of shrubs decreased, while that of herbs increased. The native dominant herbaceous plant (Leymus chinensis), with more sensitive maximum photosynthetic rate to the precipitation change, showed higher photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency and water use efficiency than those of the encroached shrub species (Caragana microphylla) at high soil moisture contents, reflecting that the ecophysiological characteristics of L. chinensis might provide it a competitive advantage under increased precipitation.

Our findings suggest that increasing precipitation may slow down shrub encroachment by facilitating herbaceous growth in Mongolian grasslands, and consequently affect the forage value and carbon budget in these ecosystems.

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