bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association Between Aortic Aneurysm and Aortic Dissection With Fluoroquinolones Use in Patients With Urinary Tract Infections: A Population‐Based Cohort Study
Authors: Chen Yin‐Yang , Yang Shun‐Fa , Yeh Han‐Wei , Yeh Ying‐Tung , Huang Jing‐Yang , Tsao Shao‐Lun , Yeh Chao‐Bin 
Published: March 2022

Background
Fluoroquinolones are first‐line antibiotics recommended for the treatment of complicated urinary tract infections (UTIs), with frequent reports of adverse effects of aortic aneurysm (AA) and aortic dissection (AD). We examined whether fluoroquinolones can increase the risk of AA and AD in patients with UTIs in the Taiwanese population.

Methods and Results
We used the National Health Insurance Research Database to identify patients diagnosed with UTIs under single antibiotic treatment of fluoroquinolones and first‐, second‐, or third‐generation cephalosporins. An AA and AD diagnosis within a year constituted the study event. Multivariable analysis with a multiple Cox regression model was applied for comparing the hazard risk of AA and AD between fluoroquinolones and first‐ or second‐generation cephalosporins. Propensity score matching was performed to reduce the potential for bias caused by measured confounding variables. Among 1 249 944 selected patients with UTIs, 28 568 patients were assigned to each antibiotic group after propensity score matching. The incidence of AA and AD was not significantly different between the fluoroquinolones and first‐ or second‐generation cephalosporins (adjusted HR [aHR], 0.86 [95% CI, 0.59–1.27]). However, the mortality increased in the fluoroquinolones group (aHR, 1.10 [95% CI, 1.04–1.16]).

Conclusions
Compared with first‐ or second‐generation cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones were not associated with increased risk of AA and AD in patients with UTI. However, a significant risk of mortality was still found in patients treated with fluoroquinolones. The priority is to control infections with adequate antibiotics rather than exclude fluoroquinolones considering the risk of AA and AD for patients with UTI.
The Dawn of Editing Historical Sources in Poland in the 18th Century
Authors: Matwijów Maciej 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The paper is devoted to one of Poland’s first publications (and at the same time one counted among the largest of that time in Europe) of documentary source materials entitled Epistolae historico-familiares (vol. 1–3, Brunsbergae 1709–1711, vol. 4, Wratislaviae 1761), covering the history of Poland between 1667 and 1710. The article focuses on presenting the circumstances in which the work was created, its contents and the issues relating to the authenticity of some of the materials contained therein. The work was compiled over several years (1706–1710) in the immediate surroundings and under the guidance of Bishop of Warmia Andrzej Chryzostom Załuski and comprised ca. 2,040–2,050 textual documents, mainly his correspondence as well as various historical materials and current public life materials. Despite controversies related to Załuski falsifying some of his letters, the work has lost nothing of its significant source value to this day.
The Impact of Covid-19 on the Free Movement Regime in the North
Authors: Heinikoski Saila , Hyttinen Tatu 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In this article, we analyse the measures during the Covid-19 pandemic with which the Nordic countries Sweden, Denmark, Norway and Finland have placed restrictions based on the Free Movement Directive 2004/38/ec and reintroduced internal border controls stipulated in the Schengen Borders Code (Regulation 2016/399). Although currently regulated by these EU rules, Nordic free movement dates back to the common Nordic labour market and Nordic passport union established in the 1950s. Already in the beginning of the Covid-19 pandemic, all Nordic countries except Sweden decided to reintroduce stricter internal border controls and restrict the entry of EU citizens into their countries. The article analyses these restrictions and illustrates that the countries interpret EU rules differently, lack a common Nordic approach to EU law in the field of free movement, and compromise even the rule of law.
Legislative and Judicial Strategies in Danish Law
Authors: Vedsted-Hansen Jens 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Whereas Danish legislation traditionally accommodated international human rights obligations, as demonstrated by the 1992 incorporation of the European Convention on Human Rights, the past two decades have seen a significant counter-reaction. The changing approach has become manifest in connection with numerous restrictions of immigration and asylum policy in which international obligations were perceived as a constraint to domestic lawmaking. In order to manage the limits of international law, the Danish legislature has developed various strategies with a view to reconciling increasingly restrictive measures with human rights obligations. As compatibility became more difficult, new regulatory strategies were introduced along with rhetoric openly challenging international obligations, based on more unilateral or nationalist policy framing in light of the 2015 asylum crisis. The article will provide a typology of these strategies and analyse them in the context of judicial responses at domestic and international levels.
Alchemy and Paracelsianism at the Casino di San Marco in Florence
Authors: Hedesan Georgiana D. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This article provides a first in-depth look at the La fonderia dell’Illmo et Ecc.mo Signor Don Antonio de’ Medici, a publication that was issued at the Casino di San Marco in Florence in 1604. This work has been deemed to be lost by many scholars on the Casino, but in fact a copy of it is found in the British Library. The article analyses the contents of La fonderia, paying particular attention to the alchemy and Paracelsianism to be identified therein. La fonderia is primarily a book of medical recipes, but also contains some intriguing theoretical parts. The paper also examines the marginalia that can be found in the British Library copy of La fonderia. The article concludes with a reflection on the importance of alchemy and Paracelsianism at Don Antonio’s Casino.
Operative Surveillance of Airway Hemangiomas in PHACE Syndrome
Authors: Ramprasad Vaibhav H. , Konanur Anisha , McCoy Jennifer L. , McCormick Andrew , Jabbour Noel , Padia Reema 
Published: March 2022

Objective: PHACE is a rare syndrome that can present with airway hemangiomas. Management for these patients is variable and the utilization of operative endoscopic airway evaluation has not been described. The objectives of this study were to identify the incidence of airway symptoms in patients being evaluated for PHACE syndrome and determine the utility of operative endoscopy. Methods: An IRB-approved retrospective cohort study was conducted on consecutive pediatric patients with head and neck infantile hemangioma (IH) evaluated in a multi-disciplinary vascular anomalies center between 2013 and 2019. Patients were included if they were being worked up for PHACE syndrome and had an otolaryngology evaluation. Demographics, clinical, and surgical variables were collected. Results: There were 317 patients with head and neck IH. Thirty-six patients met inclusion criteria. The majority of patients were female (31/36; 86.1%) and less than half of the patients (15/36; 41.7%) were eventually diagnosed with PHACE syndrome. Median age at presentation was 2 months (range 0-82 months). A total of 28/36 (77.8%) of patients were managed with propranolol. The majority of the patients presented without aerodigestive symptoms; however, 16/36 (44.4%) of patients presented with symptoms such as stridor, hoarseness, and dysphagia. A total of 20/36 (55.6%) of patients underwent operative endoscopy. A total of 8/20 (40.0%) of patients who underwent operative endoscopy had operative intervention. Of the entire cohort, only 2/15 (13.3%) patients diagnosed with PHACE were found to have a subglottic hemangioma. Both patients presented with stridor. Conclusion: Operative endoscopy remains useful in the workup of PHACE syndrome to identify subglottic hemangiomas, however there may be relatively low yield in asymptomatic patients. In office flexible laryngoscopy may be a less invasive means to examine the subglottic region. A multi-center prospective study would be necessary to evaluate incidence of subglottic hemangiomas in asymptomatic patients evaluated for PHACE.
Effects of Soft Tissue Sleep Surgery on Morbidly Obese Patients
Authors: Shaikh Noah , Tumlin Parker , Greathouse Zachery , Bulbul Mustafa G. , Coutras Steven W. 
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Morbidly obese patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are often intolerant of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). The effects of sleep surgery in this population is not well documented, and sleep surgery is generally avoided due to the expectation of poor outcomes, leaving these patients untreated. Methods: This retrospective study included 42 patients with a body mass index (BMI) ≥40.0 and OSA with a preoperative apnea hypopnea index (AHI) ≥5. Preoperative BMI ranged from 40.0 to 69.0 kg/m2. Preoperative AHI ranged from 7.2 to 130.0. Of 42 patients, 12 (28.6%) underwent concurrent pharyngeal and retrolingual surgery. Subgroup analysis of change in AHI was measured with respect to preoperative OSA severity, change in preoperative BMI, and BMI severity. Univariate linear and logistic regression was performed assessing change in AHI and surgical success with respect to age, sex, preoperative AHI, preoperative BMI, change in BMI, total procedures, palatal procedure, retrolingual procedure, nasal procedure, and multilevel procedures. Results: The mean AHI improved from 45.9 ± 31.8 to 31.9 ± 31.6 ( P = .007). Epworth sleepiness score (ESS) improved from 13.2 ± 5.5 to 9.6 ± 5.4 ( P = .00006). Lowest oxygen saturation (LSAT) improved from 74.4 ± 10.7 to 79.9 ± 10.4 ( P = .002). About 33.3% of patients had surgical success (AHI < 20 with at least 50% reduction in AHI). Preoperative AHI was the most significant factor for change in AHI in univariate and multivariate models ( P = .015). Conclusion: Sleep surgery is effective in reducing OSA burden in most morbidly obese patients and can result in surgical cure for a third of patients.
Spirituality in the health curricula in Canada: A review
Authors: Pilato Kelly A , Michaelson Valerie 
Published: March 2022

Background: The spiritual dimensions of health offer important protective benefits to young people. Yet, little is known about how concern for these is operationalised for youth in school curricula. Objectives: This rapid review examined if, and if so how, the spiritual dimensions of health were being conceptualised in school curricula and, in turn, how the curricula proposed that the spiritual health of young people is best supported. Method: Using National Collaborating Centre for Methods and Tools (NCCMT) guidelines, we conducted a rapid review of all 10 provincial and 3 territorial physical education and health curricula in Canada. Data included all curriculum documents containing any reference(s) to spiritual/spirituality/religion that were extracted into a master table. Coding and thematic analysis were used to categorise and synthesise the data iteratively. Results: In total, 115 curricula documents were retrieved from the web, of which 67 were included for screening. Analyses revealed how the spiritual dimensions of health are used in curricula overall and provide evidence that while the spiritual dimensions of health offer important protective benefits to Canadian young people, they are often not included in health curricula in Canada, and when they are, they are not always rooted in theory or evidence. Conclusion: Details about how the spiritual dimensions of health are operationalised in the school curriculum remain underdeveloped and vague. Some curricula offer promising ideas about how the spiritual dimensions of health can be used to support child health and well-being. However, educational settings currently provide a missed opportunity to support the spiritual health of young Canadians.
Effectiveness of physical therapy given by telerehabilitation on pain and disability of individuals with shoulder pain: A systematic review
Authors: Gava Vander , Ribeiro Larissa Pechincha , Barreto Rodrigo Py Gonçalves , Camargo Paula Rezende 
Published: March 2022

Objective To systematically review the effects of physical therapy given by telerehabilitation on pain and disability in individuals with shoulder pain. Data sources PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, LILACS, Cochrane, Web of Science, SCOPUS, SciELO and Ibecs were searched in January/2022. Methods This systematic review followed PRISMA guidelines. Randomized controlled trials investigating the effects of physical therapy given by telerehabilitation on pain and disability in patients with shoulder pain were included. The quality and level of the evidence were assessed with the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool and GRADE, respectively. The effect sizes of the main outcomes were also calculated. Results Six randomized controlled trials were included with a total sample of 368 patients with shoulder pain. Four and two randomized controlled trials were assessed as low and high risk of bias, respectively. Three randomized controlled trials assessed shoulder post-operative care, two assessed chronic shoulder pain, and one assessed frozen shoulder. Very low to low evidence suggests that there is no difference between telerehabilitation and in-person physical therapy or home-based exercises programs to improve pain and disability in patients with shoulder pain. Low evidence suggests that telerehabilitation is superior to advice only to improve shoulder pain (effect size: 2.42; 95% Confidence Interval: 1.72, 3.06) and disability (effect size: 1.61; 95% Confidence Interval: 1.01, 2.18). Conclusions Although telerehabilitation may be a promising tool to treat patients with shoulder pain and disability, the very low to low quality of evidence does not support a definite recommendation of its use in this population.
Demonstrating the protective effect of a 70-year-old occupational exposure limit against pneumoconiosis caused by mica
Authors: Fried Kristian W , DeLeo Paul C 
Published: March 2022

Workers involved in crushing, milling, screening, and bagging of mica scrap are at increased risk to develop pneumoconiosis, a progressive material overloading of the lung that can lead to fibrosis and, in the later stages, to dyspnea. Pneumoconiosis is only seen after 10–20 years of respiratory mica exposure, and it can have a latency period of up to 40 years—today’s cases date back to exposures during the second half of the 20th century. An occupational lifetime exposure level of 3 mg/m3 respirable mica dust has been considered to present no risk of pneumoconiosis since 1951 when the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) established a 20 million particles per cubic foot (mppcf) (3.5 mg/m3 respirable particles) exposure limit. As a result, numbers of unspecified and other pneumoconioses in the United States have steadily declined since the early 1970s. Data from the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health documents a 91% decrease between 1972 and 2014 (i.e., the peak of documented cases and the latest reported data) for combined cases of aluminosis, berylliosis, stannosis, siderosis, and fibrosis from production and use of bauxite, graphite fibers, wollastonite, cadmium, Portland cement, emery, kaolin, antimony, and mica. Ample evidence indicates that the 70-year-old occupational lifetime exposure level of 3 mg/m3 respirable mica dust is protective of workers’ health.
Improvement in shop floor management using ANN coupled with VSM: A case study
Authors: Tripathi Varun , Saraswat Suvandan , Gautam Girish D 
Published: March 2022

In the present article, the authors have employed the Value Stream Mapping (VSM) technique for the existing shop floor process in an earthmoving equipment manufacturing unit. Thereafter, an Artificial Neural Network (ANN)-based information processing technique has been used for generating a prediction model of shop floor management. For developing the ANN-based prediction model, the production time involved in different processes has been collected for 31 working days. This collected data has been used for training and testing the ANN model. Thereafter, to validate the developed ANN model, more 7 days data has been collected and compared with the predicted values of model for the same input attributes. From the results, it has been found that the performance of the developed model is highly adequate for the prediction purpose with the MSE and MAE values for training data and testing data as 0.0008105545 and 0.0000008979 and 0.01012315 and 0.0001658978, respectively. Based on the acquired results it is evident that the proposed methodology may be significant in predicting the production time of the anticipated shop floor.
Investigational New Drug Enabling Nonclinical Safety Pharmacology Assessment of the Iminosugar UV-4, a Broad-Spectrum Host-Targeted Antiviral Agent
Authors: Shearer Jeffry , Wolfe Gary , Sampath Aruna , Warfield Kelly L , Kaufman Brian , Ramstedt Urban , Treston Anthony 
Published: March 2022

UV-4 (N-(9-methoxynonyl)-1-deoxynojirimycin) is a broad-spectrum antiviral drug candidate with demonstrated activity in vitro and in vivo against multiple, diverse viruses. Nonclinical safety pharmacology studies were conducted to support the filing of an Investigational New Drug (IND) application. Preliminary in vitro pharmacology testing evaluating potential for binding to “off-target” receptors and enzymes indicated no significant liability for advanced development of UV-4. The safety pharmacology of UV-4 was evaluated in the in vitro human ether-à-go-go-related gene (hERG) assay, in a central nervous system (CNS) study in the mouse (modified Irwin test), in a respiratory safety study in conscious mice using whole body plethysmography, and in a cardiovascular safety study in conscious, radiotelemetry-instrumented beagle dogs. There were no observed adverse treatment-related effects following administration of UV-4 as the hydrochloride salt in the hERG potassium channel assay, on respiratory function, in the CNS study, or in the cardiovascular assessment. Treatment-related cardiovascular effect of decreased arterial pulse pressure after 50 or 200 mg of UV-4/kg was the only change outside the normal range, and all hemodynamic parameters returned to control levels by the end of the telemetry recording period. These nonclinical safety pharmacology assessments support the evaluation of this host-targeted broad-spectrum antiviral drug candidate in clinical studies.
Attention recurrent residual U-Net for predicting pixel-level crack widths in concrete surfaces
Authors: Rao Aravinda S , Nguyen Tuan , Le Son T , Palaniswami Marimuthu , Ngo Tuan 
Published: March 2022

Cracks in concrete structures are one of the most important indicators of structural damage, and it is a necessity to detect and measure cracks for ensuring safety and integrity of concrete structures. The widely practised approach in inspecting the structures is by performing visual inspections followed by manual estimation of crack widths. This approach is not only time-consuming, laborious, and time-intensive but also prone to subjective errors and inefficient. To address these issues, we propose a novel deep learning framework for detecting cracks and then estimating crack widths in concrete surface images. Our framework handles both small- and large-sized images and provides a prediction of crack width at locations specified by the user. The proposed framework uses Attention Recurrent Residual U-Net (Attention R2U-Net) with Random Forest regressor to predict crack width with the mean prediction error of ±0.31 mm for crack widths varying from 0 to 8.95 mm and produces the lowest absolute maximum error of 1.3 mm. Our model has a coefficient of determination ( R2) of 0.91, showing a non-linear mapping function with low prediction errors. We compare our model with a combination of four other segmentation models and regression models. Our proposed model has superior performance compared to other models, and one can easily adopt our framework to a variety of Structural Health Monitoring applications using Internet of Things sensors.
Can the Nasion-Mandibula Ratio Predict Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Patients With Retrognathia?
Authors: van der Plas Pleun P. J. M. , Koudstaal Maarten J. , Pullens Bas , Mathijssen Irene M. J. , Wolvius Eppo B. , Joosten Koen F. M. 
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Robin Sequence (RS) is characterized by retrognathia, glossoptosis, and upper airway obstruction (UAO). Nonetheless, the exact role of retrognathia in RS remains unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate if measuring retrognathia could be of use next to the polysomnography (PSG) in the diagnosis of RS by differentiating RS patients and controls. Furthermore, this study endeavored to evaluate mandibular growth over time. Methods: A retrospective study was performed on RS patients without life-threatening UAO and controls. Mandibular length was assessed by using the Nasion-Mandibula Ratio (NMRatio) at the following three time points: 0 to 3 months, 1 year, and 4 years of age. Results: A total of 107 patients were included of whom 38 were diagnosed with RS. Thirty-two patients presented with clinical retrognathia but without obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), whilst 37 patients had an isolated cleft palate (CP). At 0 to 3 months, 1 year, and 4 years of age, significant higher NMRatios were found in RS patients compared to isolated CP patients, whilst no significant differences were found compared to retrognathia-only patients. Within RS patients, no significant differences were found between isolated versus non-isolated and invasively versus non-invasively treated patients. In all three patient groups, a significant decrease of the NMRatio was seen at the age of 4 years compared to 0 to 3 months and 1 year of age. Conclusions: Although the NMRatio differs between RS and isolated CP patients, a seemingly small mandible (in a-p direction) does not reflect functional outcomes in RS patients and a PSG should always be performed to confirm the diagnosis. Despite that mandibular length significantly increased after the first year of life, mandibular size of RS patients does not seem to reach values of normal infants. Accordingly, mandibular catch up growth, that is suggested to be typically present in RS patients, was not found by our study.
Crystal structure and composition of hiärneite, Ca2Zr4Mn3+SbTiO16, and constitution of the calzirtite group
Authors: Holtstam Dan , Bindi Luca 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe crystal structure of hiärneite has been refined from single-crystal X-ray diffraction data (λ = 0.71073 Å) on type material from Långban, Värmland, Sweden. The refinement converged to R1 = 0.046 based on 1073 reflections with F2 > 4σ(F2). The tetragonal unit cell, space group I41/acd, has the parameters a = 15.2344(6) Å and c = 10.0891(6) Å with Z = 8. The mineral is isostructural with calzirtite, ideally Ca2Zr5Ti2O16, with a structural topology derived from fluorite. In hiärneite, Mn3+ is ordered at a 4- to 8-fold coordinated site (with a distorted polyhedral coordination figure), without the atom splitting encountered at the corresponding Zr-dominated site of calzirtite. The end-member formula for hiärneite is established as Ca2Zr4Mn3+SbTiO16. The calzirtite group, with calzirtite, hiärneite and tazheranite (cubic ZrO2-x), has been approved by the IMA–CNMNC.