bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The First High-contrast Images of X-Ray Binaries: Detection of Candidate Companions in the γ Cas Analog RX J1744.7-2713
Authors: Prasow-Émond M. , Hlavacek-Larrondo J. , Fogarty K. , Rameau J. , Guité L.-S. , Mawet D. , Gandhi P. , Rao A. , Steiner J. F. , Artigau É. , Lafrenière D. , Fabian A. C. , Walton D. J. , Weiss L. M. , Doyon R. , Ren 任彬 B. B. , Rhea C. L. , Bégin T. , Vigneron B. , Naud M.-E. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
X-ray binaries provide exceptional laboratories for understanding the physics of matter under the most extreme conditions. Until recently, there were few, if any, observational constraints on the circumbinary environments of X-ray binaries at ∼100–5000 au scales. It remains unclear how the accretion onto the compact objects or the explosions giving rise to the compact objects interact with their immediate surroundings. Here, we present the first high-contrast adaptive optics images of X-ray binaries. These observations target all X-ray binaries within ∼3 kpc accessible with the Keck/NIRC2 vortex coronagraph. This paper focuses on one of the first key results from this campaign; our images reveal the presence of 21 sources potentially associated with the γ Cassiopeiae analog high-mass X-ray binary RX J1744.7−2713. By conducting different analyses—a preliminary proper motion analysis, a color–magnitude diagram, and a probability of chance alignment calculation—we found that three of these 21 sources have a high probability of being bound to the system. If confirmed, they would be in wide orbits (∼450 to 2500 au). While follow-up astrometric observations will be needed in ∼5–10 yr to confirm further the bound nature of these detections, these discoveries emphasize that such observations may provide a major breakthrough in the field. In fact, they would be useful not only for our understanding of stellar multiplicity, but also for our understanding of how planets, brown dwarfs, and stars can form even in the most extreme environments.
Incorporating Measurement Error in Astronomical Object Classification
Authors: Shy Sarah , Tak Hyungsuk , Feigelson Eric D. , Timlin John D. , Babu G. Jogesh 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Most general-purpose classification methods, such as support-vector machine (SVM) and random forest (RF), fail to account for an unusual characteristic of astronomical data: known measurement error uncertainties. In astronomical data, this information is often given in the data but discarded because popular machine learning classifiers cannot incorporate it. We propose a simulation-based approach that incorporates heteroscedastic measurement error into an existing classification method to better quantify uncertainty in classification. The proposed method first simulates perturbed realizations of the data from a Bayesian posterior predictive distribution of a Gaussian measurement error model. Then, a chosen classifier is fit to each simulation. The variation across the simulations naturally reflects the uncertainty propagated from the measurement errors in both labeled and unlabeled data sets. We demonstrate the use of this approach via two numerical studies. The first is a thorough simulation study applying the proposed procedure to SVM and RF, which are well-known hard and soft classifiers, respectively. The second study is a realistic classification problem of identifying high-z (2.9 ≤ z ≤ 5.1) quasar candidates from photometric data. The data are from merged catalogs of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, the Spitzer IRAC Equatorial Survey, and the Spitzer-HETDEX Exploratory Large-Area Survey. The proposed approach reveals that out of 11,847 high-z quasar candidates identified by a random forest without incorporating measurement error, 3146 are potential misclassifications with measurement error. Additionally, out of 1.85 million objects not identified as high-z quasars without measurement error, 936 can be considered new candidates with measurement error.
Characterizing the Advective Hot Flows of Nova-like Cataclysmic Variables in the X-Rays: The Case of BZ Cam and V592 Cas
Authors: Balman Şölen , Schlegel Eric M. , Godon Patrick 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
We present a joint spectral analysis of ROSAT PSPC, Swift X-ray Telescope, and Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array Focal Plane Module A/B (FPMA/B) data of the nova-like (NL) cataclysmic variables (CVs) BZ Cam and V592 Cas in the 0.1–78.0 keV band. Plasma models of collisional equilibrium fail to model the 6.0–7.0 iron line complex and continuum with

χ

ν

2

larger than 2.0. Our results show nonequilibrium ionization (NEI) conditions in the X-ray plasma with temperatures of 8.2–9.4 keV and 10.0–12.9 keV for BZ Cam and V592 Cas, respectively. The centroids of He-like and H-like iron ionization lines are not at their equilibrium values as expected from NEI conditions. We find power-law spectral components that reveal the existence of scattering and Comptonization with a photon index of 1.50–1.87. We detect a P Cygni profile in the H-like iron line of BZ Cam translating to outflows of 4500–8700 km s−1 consistent with the fast winds in the optical and UV. This is the first time such a fast collimated outflow is detected in the X-rays from an accreting CV. An iron Kα line around 6.2–6.5 keV is found revealing the existence of reflection effects in both sources. We study the broadband noise and find that the optically thick disk truncates in BZ Cam and V592 Cas consistent with transition to an advective hot flow structure. V592 Cas also exhibits a quasiperiodic oscillation at

1.4

−
0.3

+
2.6

mHz. In general, we find that the two NLs portray spectral and noise characteristics as expected from advective hot accretion flows at low radiative efficiency.
How Binaries Accrete: Hydrodynamic Simulations with Passive Tracer Particles
Authors: Tiede Christopher , Zrake Jonathan , MacFadyen Andrew , Haiman Zoltán 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Linear analysis of gas flows around orbiting binaries suggests that a centrifugal barrier ought to clear a low-density cavity around the binary and inhibit mass transfer onto it. Modern hydrodynamics simulations have confirmed the low-density cavity, but show that any mass flowing from large scales into the circumbinary disk is eventually transferred onto the binary components. Even though many numerical studies confirm this picture, it is still not understood precisely how gas parcels overcome the centrifugal barrier and ultimately accrete. We present a detailed analysis of the binary accretion process, using an accurate prescription for evolving grid-based hydrodynamics with Lagrangian tracer particles that track the trajectories of individual gas parcels. We find that binary accretion can be described in four phases: (1) gas is viscously transported through the circumbinary disk up to the centrifugal barrier at the cavity wall, (2) the cavity wall is tidally distorted into accretion streams consisting of near-ballistic gas parcels on eccentric orbits, (3) the portion of each stream moving inwards of an accretion horizon radius

r

¯

≃
a

—the radius beyond which no material is returned to the cavity wall—becomes bound to a minidisk orbiting an individual binary component, and (4) the minidisk gas accretes onto the binary component through the combined effect of viscous and tidal stresses.
Optical Light Curve of 4FGL J0935.3+0901: A Flaring Black Widow Candidate
Authors: Halpern Jules P. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
I obtained time-series photometry of the compact binary candidate for the Fermi source 4FGL J0935.3+0901. Superposed on the 2.44 hr orbital modulation are day-to-day variations and frequent flaring as seen in several redback and black widow millisecond pulsars (MSPs). The short orbital period favors a black widow. While the modulation of ≤1 mag is smaller than that of most black widows, it could indicate a low orbital inclination. Although a published optical spectrum shows strong emission lines, the light curve evinces pulsar heating of the companion star rather than accretion-disk emission of a transitional MSP. Emission lines and flaring occur in the same objects, probably powered by shocks between the relativistic pulsar wind and a wind driven off the companion star. I also recovered the period in photometry from the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF). A phase-connected ephemeris derived from MDM Observatory and ZTF data spanning 4 yr yields a period of 0.10153276(36) days and an epoch for the ascending node of the putative pulsar.
From Theoretical Debates to Lived Experiences: Autoethnographic Insights on Open Educational Practices in German Higher Education
Authors: Fahrer Sigrid , Heck Tamara , Röwert Ronny , Truan Naomi 
Published: June 2022

The Open Science Fellow Program offered a community where researchers learned to work openly. Within this environment, questions came up on how to teach openly, i.e. which practices stand for open learning and teaching and which proven examples can be shared amongst colleagues and peers? Different concepts of open educational practices aim at giving answers to open learning and teaching. However, open educational practices still lack a common definition and many discussions on the topic only give minimal or implicit guidance to concrete approaches of being open - despite the creation and sharing of open educational resources.
Investigating how we, practitioners, implement concepts of open educational practices in the classroom was the activator for the autoethnographic study we describe in this paper. Starting from a literature search to seek evidence of explicit concepts of OEP, we reflected those concepts with regard to their adaptation in our own teaching and our experiences with OER-based and other teaching concepts. The paper discusses four investigated research papers that each were reflected by the four authors - practitioners in higher education in Germany. It summarizes the main findings to draw conclusion on the current state of ideas of open educational practices and their practical adaptation and implementation in learning and teaching scenarios.
Essai d’une phénoménologie de la franchise
Authors: Ayache Magali , Dumez Hervé 
Published: June 2022

La franchise est une relation économique entre deux acteurs indépendants, le franchiseur et le franchisé. À ce titre, elle se prête bien à l’application de modèles économiques (théorie de l’agence, théorie des contrats incomplets, coûts de transaction, etc.) ou gestionnaires (théorie des parties prenantes, empowerment , gestion de la créativité, etc.). Mais Dant (2008 ; Dant et al. , 2011) a fait remarquer que l’on manquait d’une véritable phénoménologie de cette relation complexe. Cet article tente de produire cette phénoménologie sous la forme d’un étagement ordonné de descriptions : une description minimale (une relation économique entre deux agents qui chacun y trouvent son intérêt), puis des éléments de complexification (une relation économique déséquilibrée, autre qu’économique, multi-niveau, en réseau, agonistique). Enfin sont identifiés les scénarios dynamiques de la relation de franchise.
La gouvernance territoriale de l’innovation digitale dans le secteur patrimonial : les enseignements d’une recherche-action
Authors: Gatelier Elsa , Suquet Jean-Baptiste 
Published: June 2022

Les technologies numériques constituent une opportunité, pour les sites touristiques patrimoniaux, de significativement améliorer l’expérience de visite et de dynamiser l’économie de leurs territoires. Mais cette opportunité technologique se heurte aux difficultés du secteur à innover, notamment du fait de la taille modeste de très nombreux sites. La littérature en innovation touristique préconise généralement de favoriser l’innovation via un système d’innovation qui rassemble une pluralité d’acteurs à une échelle élargie, permettant ainsi de dépasser le handicap de taille des organisations patrimoniales. Nous proposons avec cet article d’approfondir cette préconisation en montrant, à l’aide des travaux en économie territoriale, les enjeux de gouvernance territoriale inhérents à cette démarche. L’analyse du déroulement d’un projet européen d’innovation digitale dans le secteur patrimonial met en évidence la tension récurrente entre les aspects « génériques » et « spécifiques », et la nécessité pour les acteurs d’inventer des pratiques de coordination au niveau méso du projet. L’article met en lumière une problématique fondamentale de gouvernance territoriale des projets d’innovation dans le secteur patrimonial, et souligne en particulier l’importance de pratiques de coordination permettant l’apprentissage et la mise en relation des acteurs au sein du projet.
Plutôt un ou deux ripeurs derrière le camion-poubelle ? Quand la réalité du travailleur brise le rêve du gestionnaire
Authors: Salmon Isabelle , Juban Jean-Yves , Abord de Chatillon Emmanuel 
Published: June 2022

Le concept de gestion des âges se révèle impuissant à lutter contre l’exclusion des salariés vieillissants du marché du travail, notamment pour raison de santé. C’est en nous interrogeant sur une nouvelle idée, la gestion de l’employabilité et des parcours par la santé au travail, que nous avons abordé cette question dans le cadre d’un travail de recherche ancré sur le terrain de la collecte des déchets. Il s’agit d’étudier les conséquences sur les conditions du travail d’une décision « gestionnaire » : le passage d’équipes de deux salariés de la collecte d’ordures ménagères (ou « ripeurs ») à un seul. Nous bénéficions d’une opportunité consistant à enrichir l’approche gestionnaire par l’apport d’un physiologiste et d’une ergonome. Cette approche pluridisciplinaire peu courante nous permet de confronter la tentation gestionnaire d’optimisation rationnelle des coûts à la matérialité de ses conséquences sur les conditions de travail, et même sur la santé des ripeurs. L’exposé de ces résultats amène alors le gestionnaire donneur d’ordres, l’espace d’un appel d’offres, à se changer en préventeur, prouvant que les deux mondes, celui du gestionnaire et celui du préventeur, ne sont pas étanches.
Paris-São Paulo par la Société Générale : les chemins (de fer) de l’épargne française (1906-1918)
Authors: Ouriemmi Oussama 
Published: June 2022

Au tournant du XX e siècle, l’épargne française est impliquée dans des investissements aventuriers présentés au public par les banques. Le cas de la Brazil Railway est à cet égard édifiant. Introduite sur le marché français par la Société Générale et ses partenaires, la compagnie collecte en quelques années d’énormes sommes d’argent. Celles-ci sont rapidement mises en danger du fait des desseins gigantesques de son management. Le présent article met en lumière les risques subis par l’épargne française, et les pratiques managériales et financières qui les portent.
Actualiser l’ Encyclopédie de Diderot et d’Alembert au XIX e siècle : le Grand Dictionnaire universel (1866-1890) et La Grande Encyclopédie (1885-1902)
Authors: Jacquet-Pfau Christine 
Published: June 2022

Monuments lexicographiques de la seconde moitié du xix e siècle, Le Grand Dictionnaire universel du xix e siècle de Larousse et La Grande Encyclopédie sous la direction de Berthelot et al. s’inscrivent explicitement dans l’actualisation de l’ Encyclopédie de Diderot et d’Alembert. Si cette filiation permet d’observer des constantes dans les discours encyclopédiques qu’ils développent, leur projet éditorial, leur méthodologie et les descriptions mises en œuvre révèlent des motivations et des procédés lexicographiques différents. En un demi-siècle, la dynamique encyclopédique s’est modifiée, en partie sous l’influence du positivisme, notamment en s’adaptant à la nécessité d’exposer des connaissances scientifiques qui se spécialisaient de plus en plus vite (émergence de la terminologie) et qui s’adressaient à un public de plus en plus large (importance de la vulgarisation).
Accumulation du capital et cycles de l’économie chinoise de 1952 à 2014
Authors: Herrera Rémy , Long Zhiming 
Published: June 2022

Sur la base d’une définition aussi rigoureuse que possible du périmètre du secteur industriel, et de la construction de stocks d’actifs fixes d’entreprises et de capital physique productif, nous calculons des indicateurs de taux de profit au niveau de la comptabilité d’entreprises et de la comptabilité nationale pour la Chine de 1952 à 2014. Les résultats obtenus selon ces deux approches sont assez similaires et peuvent être synthétisés comme suit : i) une baisse tendancielle du taux de profit est observable sur la longue période, et ce pour les deux niveaux d’analyse. ii) Les fluctuations de court terme de taux de profit font apparaître, à l’échelle macroéconomique, une succession de cycles, rarement complets, dont l’amplitude se réduit avec le temps. iii) Plus d’un tiers de la période couverte est concernée par des années récessives pour la composante cyclique du taux de profit ; les plus forts reculs étant enregistrés, par ordre décroissant, après la rupture entre la Chine et l’Union soviétique (1961-1963), au moment de la Révolution culturelle (1968), dans le courant des années 1950, lors de la transition post-Mao (1976-1977), après les événements de Tian’anmen (1989-91), et enfin avec la diffusion des crises de la mondialisation (qui ont touché la Chine en 1998, 2001, 2009, et à nouveau depuis 2012).
L’octroi de crédit bancaire aux PME françaises depuis les réformes de Bâle. Sociologie d’une évaluation
Authors: Serve Stéphanie 
Published: June 2022

L’objectif de ce travail est de comprendre comment se construit l’offre de crédit bancaire aux PME dix ans après l’entrée en vigueur des réformes dites de Bâle II. Nous nous questionnons sur la persistance d’une évaluation socialement encastrée des risques dans cet environnement financiarisé. Notre enquête montre comment les acteurs valorisent le risque de crédit par des calculs au sens de Callon et Muniesa [2003] sur les différents segments de la chaîne modelés par la structure organisationnelle de la banque. Elle met en lumière que cette évaluation du risque n’a pas pour seul objectif de le réduire, mais fait intervenir des critères moraux et des logiques d’encastrement. Le résultat de ces calculs économiques influe sur la distribution du crédit aux PME.
IL-10 and TGF-β Increase Connexin-43 Expression and Membrane Potential of HL-1 Cardiomyocytes Coupled with RAW 264.7 Macrophages
Authors: Cox Cora B , Castro Mike , Brown Thomas L , Bigley Nancy J 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Cardiac resident macrophages facilitate electrical conduction by interacting with cardiomyocytes via connexin-43 (Cx43) hemichannels. Cx43 is critical for impulse propagation and coordination between muscle contractions. Cardiomyocyte electrophysiology can be altered when coupled with noncardiomyocyte cell types such as M2c tissue-resident macrophages. Using cocultures of murine HL-1 cardiomyocytes and RAW 264.7 macrophages, we examined the hypothesis that cytokine signals, TGF-β1 and IL-10, upregulate Cx43 expression at points of contact between the two cell types. These cytokine signals maintain the macrophages in an M2c anti-inflammatory phenotype, mimicking cardiac resident macrophages. The electrophysiology of cardiomyocytes was examined using di-8-ANEPPS potentiometric dye, which reflects a change in membrane potential. Greater fluorescence intensity of di-8-ANEPPS occurred in areas where macrophages interacted with cardiomyocytes. Suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) peptide mimetic downregulated fluorescence of this membrane potentiometric stain. Cx43 expression in cocultures was confirmed by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry. Confocal images of these interactions demonstrate the Cx43 hemichannel linkages between the cardiomyocytes and macrophages. These results suggest that TGF-β1 and IL-10 upregulate Cx43 hemichannels, thus enhancing macrophage–cardiomyocyte coupling, raising the cellular resting membrane potential and leading to a more excitatory cardiomyocyte.
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Epitope Mapping for Antibodies
Authors: Yang Jiaan , Zhang Peng , Cheng Wen Xiang , Wu Gang , Niu Qing Tian , Yang Lan , Luo Shun , Lin Xianghua , Zhang Lianshan 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Epitope mapping of the interactions between severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and Abs is challenging because of complexity in protein three-dimensional structures. Protein structure fingerprint technology was applied for epitope mapping of 44 SARS-CoV-2 Abs with three-dimensional structure complexes. The results defined how the epitopes were distributed on SARS-CoV-2 and how the patterns of six CDRs from Abs participated in neutralization. Also, the residue–residue recognition revealed that certain residues had higher frequencies on the interfaces between SARS-CoV-2 and Abs, and the activity correlated with the physicochemical properties of the residues at the interface. Thus, epitope mapping provides significant lead information for development of epitope-based designs for Abs, vaccines, and diagnostic reagents. This is a bioinformatics project of structural data analysis; no animals or cells were used.
A comparative study of the effects of dexmedetomidine added as an adjuvant to bupivacaine, levobupivacaine, and ropivacaine in the brachial plexus blocks
Authors: Moolagani Ramanareddy Venkata , Annabhaktula Ashalatha , Vigrahala Padmavathi , Pilla Prasanna Eswari 
Published: June 2022

Context:
Bupivacaine is the most common local anesthetic agent used for brachial plexus blocks (BB). Due to the adverse effects noted with bupivacaine, safer alternative agents such as levobupivacaine and ropivacaine are being used now.

Aims:
Although several studies exist comparing pairs of anesthetic agents, few studies have compared all three agents using dexmedetomidine (DMT) as an adjuvant. To bridge this knowledge gap, we undertook the present study.

Settings and Design:
This was a prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled, triple-blind comparative study.

Materials and Methods:
Eighty patients were randomly allocated to four study groups: group B, given bupivacaine alone, and groups BD, LD, and RD, given twenty-five ml of 0.5% bupivacaine, 0.5% levobupivacaine, and 0.75% ropivacaine, respectively, along with DMT 0.5 μg/kg body weight. Onset of the sensory and motor blocks; duration of the sensory block, motor block and analgesia of the block were compared between the groups.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Differences between the groups were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and Tukey's honestly significant difference -β post hoc test for parametric data, and for nonparametric data, Chi-square test and Fisher's exact test were used.

Results:
The durations of analgesia observed were 7 ± 0.7, 13.4 ± 0.6, 12.7 ± 1.0, and 12.5 ± 0.6 h in groups B, BD, LD, and RD, respectively; these differences were statistically significant (F = 294.825, P < 0.001). Post hoc tests revealed a statistically significant difference between Group B and all the other groups, between the BD and LD groups, and between BD and RD groups. The times to onset of sensory blocks observed were 11.3 ± 11.3, 7.6 ± 0.8, 8.1 ± 0.8, and 8.4 ± 0.8 min in groups B, BD, LD, and RD, respectively, while the times to onset of motor blocks observed were 17.1 ± 1.5, 11.0 ± 0.9, 10.3 ± 1.0, and 10.2 ± 0.7 min in groups B, BD, LD, and RD, respectively.

Conclusions:
DMT added as an adjuvant to bupivacaine, levobupivacaine, and ropivacaine resulted in a statistically significant enhancement of the duration of analgesia.