bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Penerapan Model Problem Based Learning untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Reflektif Siswa pada Materi Persamaan Linear Satu Variabel
Authors: S Samad Rizka Safira , Hamid Hasan , Afandi Ahmad 
Published: July 2022

Abstrak : Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: 1) mendeskripsikan kemampuan berpikir reflektif siswa pada materi persamaan linear satu variabel setelah diterapkannya model pembelajaran berbasis masalah (problem based learning); 2) mengetahui ada tidaknya peningkatan kemampuan berpikir reflektif siswa setelah diterapkan model pembelajaran berbasis masalah (problem based learning); 3) mengetahui bagaimana peningkatan kemampuan berpikir reflektif siswa pada materi persamaan linear satu variabel setelah diterapkannya model pembelajaran berbasis masalah (problem based learning). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen dengan desain penelitian one group pretest-posttest design. Populasi pada penelitian ini yaitu seluruh siswa kelas VII SMP Negeri 7 Kota Ternate Tahun Ajaran 2019/2020. Teknik pengambilan sampel pada penelitian ini yaitu purposive sampling dengan jumlah sampel yaitu 27 siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan instrumen tes berbentuk essay yang disusun berdasarkan indikator kemampuan berpikir reflektif. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan statistik deskriptif yaitu kriteria kemampuan berpikir reflektif siswa dan perhitungan uji gain ternormalisasi (N-Gain), sedangkan statistik inferensial menggunakan wilcoxon matched pairs test. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan: 1) kemampuan berpikir reflektif siswa kelas VII-C SMP Negeri 7 Kota Ternate pada materi persamaan linear satu variabel secara keseluruhan diperoleh kategori tinggi dengan presentase 40,7%, kategori sedang dengan presentase 48,2%, dan kategori rendah dengan presentase 11,1%; 2) peningkatan kemampuan berpikir reflektif siswa kelas VII-C SMP Negeri 7 Kota Ternate pada materi persamaan linear satu variabel dengan penerapan model problem based learning diinterpretasikan sedang; 3) penerapan model problem based learning dapat meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir reflektif siswa kelas VII-C SMP Negeri 7 Kota Ternate pada materi persamaan linear satu variabel.Kata Kunci: Problem Based Learning, Kemampuan Berpikir Reflektif, Persamaan Linear Satu Variabel
Penerapan Problem Based Learning (PBL) untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematis Siswa pada Sistem Persamaan Linear Dua Variabel (SPLDV)
Authors: Alhadad Iswan , Hamid Hasan , Syam Tonra Wilda , Siddik Rahmawati 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa setelah diterapkan Problem Based Learning (PBL). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian Pre-Eksperimen dengan desain penelitian One Group Pretest-Posttest Design. Populasi pada penelitian ini yaitu seluruh siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 16 Halmahera Selatan. Sampel penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VIII-2 yang terdiri dari 20 siswa. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan instrumen tes berbentuk tes essay. Data kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa dianalisis dengan menggunakan statistik deskriptif yaitu Pedoman Acuan Patokan (PAP) Skala 5, dan kualifikasi yang diperoleh yaitu siswa kualifikasi cukup, kurang dan gagal. Penelitian ini menggunakan software SPSS 20 for windows untuk menghitung data tidak berdistribusi normal. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan: 1) Kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa kelas VIII-2 SMP Negeri 16 Halamahera Selatansetelah diterapkannya model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning (PBL)diperoleh cukup 5 siswa dengan persentase sebesar 25%, kualifikasi kurang sebanyak 11 siswa dengan persentase sebesar 55%, kualifikasi gagal sebanyak 4 siswa dengan persentase sebesar 20%. 2) Siswa kualifikasi cukup, siswa mampu 2 indikator dari 3 indikator. Siswa mampu menuliskan diketahui dan ditanyakan, mampu memecahkan masalah namun siswa tidak melakukan pengecekan kembali jawaban. Pada siswa kualifikasi kurang, siswa mampu 1 indikator dari 3 indikator. Siswa mampu pada indikator menuliskan diketahui dan ditanyakan, siswa juga sudah menyelesaikan soal dengan menerapkan strategi eliminasi dan substitusi, namun ada kekeliruan dalam proses eliminasi. Sedangkan siswa dengan kualifikasi gagal, siswa tidak mampu pada seluruh indikator, siswa mampu menuliskan unsur yang diketahui dan tidak menulis unsur ditanyakan, siswa tidak dapat menerapkan strategi dalam memecahkan masalah. Kata kunci: Kemampuan Pemecahan masalah Matematis, Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning dan sistem persamaan linear dua varibel .
Efektivitas Pembelajaran Berbasis Proyek Berbantuan ICT dalam Peningkatan Kemampuan Komunikasi Statistis Siswa SMP Negeri 2 Kota Ternate pada Materi Statistika
Authors: Nani Karman La , Alhaddad Idrus 
Published: July 2022

Dasar masalah penelitian ini yaitu rendahnya kemampuan komunikasi statistis (KKS), sehingga tujuannya untuk mendeskripsikan efektivitas pembelajaran berbasis proyek berbantuan (PBP berbantuan ICT) dalam peningkatan KKS siswa SMP. Jenis penelitian quasi eksperimen ini menggunakan desain kelompok kontrol pretes-postes dan menjadikan 39 siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 2 Kota Ternate sebagai sampel yang diambil secara purposive sampling dari 224 siswa. Variabel penelitian adalah pembelajaran berbasis proyek berbantuan ICT sebagai variabel bebas dan kemampuan komunikasi statistis siswa sebagai efek PBP Berbantuan ICT sebagai variabel tak bebas. Pengumpulan data menggunakan instrumen tes kemampuan komunikasi statistis dan pedoman observasi. Efektivitas PBP berbantuan ICT diukur berdasarkan: (1) ketuntasan KKS siswa, (2) pencapaian dan peningkatan KKS siswa kelas eskperimen secara signifikan lebih tinggi daripada kelas kontrol, (3) aktivitas siswa selama proses pembelajaran mencapai kategori baik, dan (4) aktivitas guru dalam mengelolah pembelajaran dalam kategori baik. PBP berbantuan ICT dikatakan efektif apabila paling sedikit tiga dari empat dasar tersebut terpenuhi dengan syarat aspek ketuntasan terpenuhi (efektif). Data primer kemampuan komunikasi statistis siswa dianalisis secara deskriptif dan inferensial. Analisis deskriptif, meliputi: pencapaian, peningkatan dan ketuntasan KKS, aktivitas siswa selama proses pembelajaran dan aktivitas guru dalam mengelolah pembelajaran. Analisis inferensial menggunakan statistik uji Mann-Whitney U. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan PBP berbantuan ICT efektif dalam meningkatkan KKS siswa karena memenuhi keempat aspek efektivitas, yaitu: (1) pencapaian dan peningkatan KKS mahasiswa yang memperoleh PBP berbantuan ICT secara signifikan lebih tinggi daripada yang memperoleh pembelajaran konvensional, (2) aktivitas mahasiswa tergolong sangat baik, dan (3) aktivitas guru dalam mengelolah PBP berbantuan ICT tergolong baik. Selanjutnya, komunikasi statistis siswa secara klasikal yang dihasilkan PBP berbantuan ICT sebesar 84,62% dari 29 mahasiswa yang mencapai kompetensi individu lebih dari sama dengan 65%. Kata Kunci: Komunikasi statistis, Kemampuan Komunikasi Statistis, Pembelajaran Berbasis Proyek Berbantuan ICT, Materi Statistika.
Pengembangan Alat Peraga Papan Al-Sintacs Materi Trigonometri Siswa Kelas X MA DDI Galesong Baru
Authors: Usman Muhammad Rizal 
Published: July 2022

Penelitian ini membahas tentang pengembangan alat peraga PAPAN AL-SINTACS pada materi trigonometri kelas X. Bertujuan untuk mengembangkan alat peraga matematika materi trigonometri yang valid, praktis, dan efektif.Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian Research & Development atau penelitian dan pengembangan dengan mengacu pada model ADDIE yaitu analysis, desain, development, implementation, dan evaluation yang disarankan oleh Steven J McGriff. Subjek uji coba pada penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas X MA DDI Galesong Baru Kota Makassar. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah lembar validasi, lembar pengamatan pengelolaan pembelajaran, lembar aktivitas siswa, lembar angket respons guru dan siswa, serta tes hasil belajar.Berdasarkan hasil ujicoba yang dilakukan, diperoleh bahwa (1) hasil validasi alat peraga oleh validator media sebesar 3,7 berada pada kategori sangat valid dengan interval , (2) Praktis diperoleh berdasarkan respons guru dalam kategori positif yakni 89,5% dan kemampuan guru dalam mengelola pembelajaran diperoleh rata-rata 3,6berada pada kategori sangat baik dengan interval ,(3) Efektif berdasarkan respons siswa terhadap alat peraga dengan persentase sebesar 91%, aktivitas siswa dalam kategori sangat baik yakni 83%dengan interval persentase , dan tes hasil belajar berada dalam kategori tinggi dengan persentase ketuntasan belajar keseluruhan siswa sebesar 83,3%. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa pada tahap uji coba yang dilaksanakan, alat peraga PAPAN AL-SINTACS materi trigonometri siswa kelas X MA DDI Galesong Baru Kota Makassar telah memenuhi kriteria valid, praktis, dan efektif.
TELESCOPIC NUMERICAL SEMIGROUPS WITH MULTIPLICITY TEN AND EMBEDDING DIMENSION THREE
Authors: SÜER Meral , İLHAN Sedat 
Published: July 2022

In this work, we give parametrizations of telescopic numerical semigroups with multiplicity ten and embedding dimension three.
We also express some of its invariants in terms of generators of these semigroups such as the Frobenius number, genus and Sylvester number.
Comportamento ortoréxico em estudantes de Nutrição
Authors: Rodrigues Alexandra Magna , Dargham Munira Mohamad , Oliveira Adriana Mônica Pinto de 
Published: July 2022

Problema: Estudantes de nutrição apresentam comportamento de risco para o desenvolvimento de Ortorexia Nervosa. Objetivo: Identificar comportamento de risco para o desenvolvimento de Ortorexia Nervosa em estudantes de nutrição. Métodos: Estudo transversal realizado com estudantes do sexo feminino do curso de Nutrição com idade igual ou maior que 18 anos do interior paulista, Brasil. Aplicou-se um questionário com informações sobre idade, estatura, peso autorreferidos e ano do curso; a Escala de Silhuetas para avaliar a percepção da imagem corporal e o ORTO 15 para identificar comportamento ortoréxico. Resultados: Participaram da pesquisa 182 alunas. Verificou-se que 88,5% apresentaram comportamento ortoréxico, independentemente da idade e ano cursado (p>0,05). Observou-se que 71,4% estavam eutróficas e que 34% apresentaram insatisfação com imagem corporal. Entretanto, não houve associação do comportamento ortoréxico com o estado nutricional e com a percepção da imagem corporal (p>0,05). Conclusão: A maioria das estudantes de nutrição apresentaram comportamento ortoréxico, independente do ano cursado, estado nutricional, percepção corporal ou idade. Tais achados apontam a necessidade de outros estudos sobre a complexa e ainda pouco elucidada temática da Ortorexia Nervosa, especialmente entre os profissionais de Nutrição que deveriam ter uma relação adequada, e não obsessiva com o alimento, considerando os aspectos biológicos, sociais e culturais da alimentação saudável.
In Vitro and In Silico Antioxidant Efficiency of Bio-Potent Secondary Metabolites From Different Taxa of Black Seed-Producing Plants and Their Derived Mycoendophytes
Authors: Hassane Abdallah M. A. , Hussien Saleh M. , Abouelela Mohamed E. , Taha Taher M. , Awad Mohamed F. , Mohamed Hassan , Hassan Mohammad M. , Hassan Mohammad H. A. , Abo-Dahab Nageh F. , El-Shanawany Abdel-Rehim A. 
Published: July 2022

Oxidative stress is involved in the pathophysiology of multiple health complications, and it has become a major focus in targeted research fields. As known, black seeds are rich sources of bio-active compounds and widely used to promote human health due to their excellent medicinal and pharmaceutical properties. The present study investigated the antioxidant potency of various black seeds from plants and their derived mycoendophytes, and determined the total phenolic and flavonoid contents in different extracts, followed by characterization of major constituents by HPLC analysis. Finally, in silico docking determined their binding affinities to target myeloperoxidase enzymes. Ten dominant mycoendophytes were isolated from different black seed plants. Three isolates were then selected based on high antiradical potency and further identified by ITS ribosomal gene sequencing. Those isolated were Aspergillus niger TU 62, Chaetomium madrasense AUMC14830, and Rhizopus oryzae AUMC14823. Nigella sativa seeds and their corresponding endophyte A. niger had the highest content of phenolics in their n-butanol extracts (28.50 and 24.43 mg/g), flavonoids (15.02 and 11.45 mg/g), and antioxidant activities (90.48 and 81.48%), respectively, followed by Dodonaea viscosa and Portulaca oleracea along with their mycoendophytic R. oryzae and C. madrasense. Significant positive correlations were found between total phenolics, flavonoids, and the antioxidant activities of different tested extracts. The n-butanol extracts of both black seeds and their derived mycoendophytes showed reasonable IC50 values (0.81–1.44 mg/ml) compared to the control with significant correlations among their phytochemical contents. Overall, seventeen standard phenolics and flavonoids were used, and the compounds were detected in different degrees of existence and concentration in the examined extracts through HPLC analysis. Moreover, the investigation of the molecular simulation results of detected compounds against the myeloperoxidase enzyme revealed that, as a targeted antioxidant, rutin possessed a high affinity (−15.3184 kcal/mol) as an inhibitor. Taken together, the black seeds and their derived mycoendophytes are promising bio-prospects for the broad industrial sector of antioxidants with several valuable potential pharmaceutical and nutritional applications.
Physical Model Test on the Deformation Mechanism of Reservoir Bank Slopes With Sand Layers Under Coupled Hydro-Mechanical Conditions
Authors: Zhu Junhua , Lv Qing , Xie Dian , Zeng Runzhong , Wang Ning , Qiao Jianwei , Cai Weibin 
Published: July 2022

A reservoir area is mostly located in the canyon area, and the geological structure is complex. There are a large number of unstable slopes on the bank of the reservoir. The stability of bank slope is greatly affected by water storage and reservoir water regulation. In addition, sudden rainstorm and other external factors can reduce slope stability. In this article, the physical model test is used to study the seepage field and deformation characteristics of typical reservoir bank slopes with sand layers under different rainfall intensities, different water level fluctuation rates, and their coupling effects. The model has a length of 4.0 m, a width of 1.0 m, and a height of 0.9 m, and the piezometers and white balls are used to monitor the pore water pressures and displacements inside the slope model individually. The results show that the responsiveness of pore water pressure inside the slope lags behind both water level fluctuation and rainfall. The lag time is inversely proportional to the water level fluctuation rates under the single water level fluctuation condition, while it is proportional to water level fluctuation rates in the water level decline stage under the coupling effect condition. The rapid impoundment of the reservoir area has a strengthening effect on the stability of the reservoir bank slope. However, accelerated deformation of the slope occurs in the stage of water level decline, and the deformation rate is proportional to the water level fluctuation rates.
Time to reconcile research findings and clinical practice on upper limb neurorehabilitation
Authors: Boccuni Leonardo , Marinelli Lucio , Trompetto Carlo , Pascual-Leone Alvaro , Tormos Muñoz José María 
Published: July 2022

The problemIn the field of upper limb neurorehabilitation, the translation from research findings to clinical practice remains troublesome. Patients are not receiving treatments based on the best available evidence. There are certainly multiple reasons to account for this issue, including the power of habit over innovation, subjective beliefs over objective results. We need to take a step forward, by looking at most important results from randomized controlled trials, and then identify key active ingredients that determined the success of interventions. On the other hand, we need to recognize those specific categories of patients having the greatest benefit from each intervention, and why. The aim is to reach the ability to design a neurorehabilitation program based on motor learning principles with established clinical efficacy and tailored for specific patient's needs.Proposed solutionsThe objective of the present manuscript is to facilitate the translation of research findings to clinical practice. Starting from a literature review of selected neurorehabilitation approaches, for each intervention the following elements were highlighted: definition of active ingredients; identification of underlying motor learning principles and neural mechanisms of recovery; inferences from research findings; and recommendations for clinical practice. Furthermore, we included a dedicated chapter on the importance of a comprehensive assessment (objective impairments and patient's perspective) to design personalized and effective neurorehabilitation interventions.ConclusionsIt's time to reconcile research findings with clinical practice. Evidence from literature is consistently showing that neurological patients improve upper limb function, when core strategies based on motor learning principles are applied. To this end, practical take-home messages in the concluding section are provided, focusing on the importance of graded task practice, high number of repetitions, interventions tailored to patient's goals and expectations, solutions to increase and distribute therapy beyond the formal patient-therapist session, and how to integrate different interventions to maximize upper limb motor outcomes. We hope that this manuscript will serve as starting point to fill the gap between theory and practice in upper limb neurorehabilitation, and as a practical tool to leverage the positive impact of clinicians on patients' recovery.
Risk factors for delayed postoperative hyponatremia in patients with non-functioning pituitary adenomas undergoing transsphenoidal surgery: A single-institution study
Authors: Huang Yinxing , Wang Meina , Wu Jianwu , Lin Kunzhe , Wang Shousen , Zhang Fangfang 
Published: July 2022

PurposeWe aimed to assess factors influencing the occurrence of delayed hyponatremia after transsphenoidal surgery (TSS) in patients with a non-functional pituitary adenoma (NFPA).MethodsWe retrospectively collected the clinical data of patients who underwent TSS for NFPA between January 2016 and January 2021. The pituitary region was preoperatively scanned with 3.0 T magnetic resonance imaging. The risk factors for delayed postoperative hyponatremia for NFPA were identified by univariate and multivariable logistic regression analysis.ResultsWe selected 166 patients with NFPA who fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Delayed postoperative hyponatremia occurred in 28 patients and did not in 138. Multivariable logistic regression analyses demonstrated that higher odds of developing delayed postoperative hyponatremia were independently associated with larger craniocaudal dimension (OR = 1.128, P = 0.034), as well as preoperative hyperprolactinemia (OR = 2.618, P = 0.045) and larger preoperative pituitary stalk deviation angle (OR = 3.033, P = 0.022).ConclusionWe identified the independent risk factors for delayed hyponatremia after TSS for NFPA; these included preoperative hyperprolactinemia, craniocaudal diameter, and preoperative pituitary stalk deviation angle.
Effect of inotropic agents on oxygenation and cerebral perfusion in acute brain injury
Authors: Coppalini Giacomo , Duvigneaud Elie , Diosdado Alberto , Migliorino Ernesto , Schuind Sophie , Creteur Jacques , Taccone Fabio Silvio , Gouvêa Bogossian Elisa 
Published: July 2022

IntroductionTissue hypoxia and insufficient energy delivery is one of the mechanisms behind the occurrence of several complications in acute brain injured patients. Several interventions can improve cerebral oxygenation; however, the effects of inotropic agents remain poorly characterized.MethodsRetrospective analysis including patients suffering from acute brain injury and monitored with brain oxygen pressure (PbtO2) catheter, in whom inotropic agents were administered according to the decision of the treating physician's decision; PbtO2 values were collected before, 1 and 2 h after the initiation of therapy from the patient data monitoring system. PbtO2 “responders” were patients with a relative increase in PbtO2 from baseline values of at least 20%.ResultsA total of 35 patients were included in this study. Most of them (31/35, 89%) suffered from non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Compared with baseline values [20 (14–24) mmHg], PbtO2 did not significantly increase over time [19 (15–25) mmHg at 1 h and 19 (17–25) mmHg at 2 h, respectively; p = 0.052]. A total of 12/35 (34%) patients were PbtO2 “responders,” in particular if low PbtO2 was observed at baseline. A PbtO2 of 17 mmHg at baseline had a sensibility of 84% and a specificity of 91% to predict a PbtO2 responder. A significant direct correlation between changes in PbtO2 and cardiac output [r = 0.496 (95% CI 0.122 to 0.746), p = 0.01; n = 25] and a significant negative correlation between changes in PbtO2 and cerebral perfusion pressure [r = −0.389 (95% CI −0.681 to −0.010), p = 0.05] were observed.ConclusionsIn this study, inotropic administration significantly increased brain oxygenation in one third of brain injured patients, especially when tissue hypoxia was present at baseline. Future studies should highlight the role of inotropic agents in the management of tissue hypoxia in this setting.
Improvement of hybrid grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ♀ × E. lanceolatus ♂) by enzyme-digested poultry by-product: Growth performance, amino acid and peptide transport capacity, and intestinal morphology
Authors: Yang Xuanyi , Zhao Xumin , Wang Guanghui , Dong Xiaohui , Yang Qihui , Liu Hongyu , Zhang Shuang , Tan Beiping , Chi Shuyan 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundAt present, fish meal (FM) resources are in short supply, and competition for food between humans and animals is becoming increasingly critical. Finding non-grain protein sources that can replace FM is the key to solving the rapid development of aquaculture.MethodsSeven trial diets were prepared with 0 g/kg (EP0), 30 g/kg (EP3), 60 g/kg (EP6), 90 g/kg (EP9), 120 g/kg (EP12), 150 g/kg (EP15), and 180 g/kg (EP18) of enzyme-digested poultry by-product meal (EPBM) by replacing of FM. A total of 630 hybrid groupers (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ♀ × E. lanceolatus ♂) were equally portioned into 21 tanks. At 8:00 and 16:00 each day, groupers were fed until they were full for a cumulative period of 8 weeks.ResultsThe results showed that 30 g/kg of EPBM significantly increased the rates of weight gain and special growth (P &lt; 0.05). Significantly higher activities of serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, catalase, and superoxide dismutase were observed in the EP3 group (P &lt; 0.05). The categories and numbers of the top 10 dominant bacteria in the phylum and genus levels were not significantly influenced by feed (P &gt; 0.05). In the proximal intestine and distal intestine, there were significantly higher expressions of SNAT3, LAAT1, CAT2, and CAT1 in the EP3 group compared with the EP0 group (P &lt; 0.05). In the EP3 group, the expressions of PepT1, LAAT1, B0, +AT, and CAT2 were significantly increased in MI than those in all other groups (except the EP0 group, P &lt; 0.05).ConclusionWhen FM was replaced by 30 g/kg of EPBM, growth performance, antioxidant capacity, and the ability to transport amino acids and peptides of hybrid grouper were significantly improved.