bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metodología para identificar zonas y estructuras elevadas con mayor cantidad de impactos de rayos en Barrancabermeja-Yondó
Authors: Ardila Murillo Brandon Steven , Soto Ríos Edison Andrés 
Published: August 2022

Objetivo: Este trabajo presenta una metodología para determinar los sitios y las estructuras elevadas con mayor cantidad de impactos de rayo (hotspots) en Barrancabermeja y Yondó.
Metodología: Se parte de la división de la superficie de estos dos municipios en polígonos de 600 metros. De esta forma, a través de la información de actividad de rayos (impactos nube-tierra) proporcionada por la Red Colombiana de Detección Total de Rayos - LINET entre enero de 2016 y febrero de 2020, se determinó el número de impactos por polígono, lo que permitió identificar los hotspots en las zonas de estudio Así mismo, se identificaron y localizaron estructuras elevadas como torres de transmisión, antenas de telecomunicaciones y edificaciones, y se estableció para cada una de ellas un radio de influencia de 300 m, teniendo en cuenta el error medio de localización de la Red LINET, de esta manera se determinaron las 20 estructuras con mayor número de impactos de rayo.
Resultados: Se encontraron los polígonos con mayor actividad de rayos, de los cuales 34 se ubican en Barrancabermeja y 235 en Yondó, lo que concuerda con mapas de densidad de descargas a tierra hechos en la zona en donde se presenta un aumento en la cantidad de descargas por kilómetro cuadrado por año en Yondó, en comparación con Barrancabermeja. Se localizaron 616 estructuras elevadas en los municipios de Barrancabermeja y Yondó de las cuales se escogieron las 20 con mayor cantidad de impactos de rayo que corresponden en un 50 % a torres de transmisión, siendo la estructura de mayor número de impactos una torre de transmisión de 70 m de altura localizada en límites de los dos municipios de estudio con un total de 68 impactos.
Conclusiones: De las 27 estructuras elevadas encontradas en Yondó, solo 6 se ubican en algún hotspot, lo que muestra que en este municipio la presencia de alguna estructura elevada no garantiza un hotspot y que los sitios de mayor actividad de rayos no se ven influenciados por la presencia de estructuras elevadas. Ahora bien, para el caso de Barrancabermeja se hallaron 10 estructuras elevadas en un hotspot, de las cuales 7 están en el casco urbano donde se encontraron 9 hotspots, de donde se infiere que, en este municipio, el urbanismo y la presencia de estructuras elevadas si aumentan la actividad de rayos.
Financiamiento: Universidad Industrial de Santander.
Least energy sign-changing solutions for Schrödinger-Poisson systems with potential well
Authors: Chen Xiao-Ping , Tang Chun-Lei 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In this article, we investigate the existence of least energy sign-changing solutions for the following Schrödinger-Poisson system

−
Δ
u
+
V

(

x

)

u
+
K

(

x

)

ϕ
u
=
f

(

u

)

,

x
∈

R

3

,

−
Δ
ϕ
=
K

(

x

)

u

2

,

x
∈

R

3

,

\left\{\begin{array}{ll}-\Delta u+V\left(x)u+K\left(x)\phi u=f\left(u),\hspace{1.0em}& x\in {{\mathbb{R}}}^{3},\\ -\Delta \phi =K\left(x){u}^{2},\hspace{1.0em}& x\in {{\mathbb{R}}}^{3},\\ \hspace{1.0em}\end{array}\right.

where the functions

V

(

x

)

,
K

(

x

)

V\left(x),K\left(x)

have finite limits as

∣
x
∣
→
∞

| x| \to \infty

satisfying some mild assumptions. By combining variational methods with the global compactness lemma, we obtain a least energy sign-changing solution with exactly two nodal domains, and its energy is strictly larger than twice that of least energy solutions.
Diselenide-derivative of 3-pyridinol targets redox enzymes leading to cell cycle deregulation and apoptosis in A549 cells
Authors: Gandhi Vishwa V. , Bihani Subhash C. , Phadnis Prasad P. , Kunwar Amit 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The aim of present study was to understand the mechanism of action of 2,2′-diselenobis(3-pyridinol) or DISPOL in human lung cancer (A549) cells. A549 cells were treated with 10 µM (∼IC50) of DISPOL for varying time points to corelate the intracellular redox changes with its cytotoxic effect. The results indicated that DISPOL treatment led to a time dependant decrease in the basal level of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Additionally, DISPOL treatment elevated the ratio of reduced (GSH) and oxidised (GSSG) glutathione by upregulating gamma-glutamylcysteine ligase (γ-GCL) involved in GSH biosynthesis and inhibiting the activities of redox enzymes responsible for GSH utilization and recycling, such as glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and glutathione reductase (GR). Molecular docking analysis suggests putative interactions of DISPOL with GST and GR which could account for its inhibitory effect on these enzymes. Further, DISPOL induced reductive environment preceded G1 arrest and apoptosis as evidenced by decreased expression of cell cycle genes (Cyclin D1 and Cyclin E1) and elevation of p21 and apoptotic markers (cleaved caspase 3 and cleaved PARP). The combinatorial experiments involving DISPOL and redox modulatory agents such as N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and buthionine sulfoximine (BSO) indeed confirmed the role of reductive stress in DISPOL-induced cell death. Finally, Lipinski’s rule suggests attributes of drug likeness in DISPOL. Taken together, DISPOL exhibits a novel mechanism of reductive stress-mediated cell death in A549 cells that warrants future exploration as anticancer agent.
Diagnostic approach to fetal ventriculomegaly
Authors: D’Addario Vincenzo 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Ventriculomegaly (VM) is defined as an enlargement of the lateral ventricles of the developing fetal brain. The diagnosis is easily made by measuring the lateral ventricle width at the level of the atrium, which is normally <10 mm. VM is defined as mild when the atrial width is 10–12 mm, moderate 12–15 mm, severe >15 mm. VM is a non-specific sonographic sign which is common to different pathological entities and genetic conditions. When no associated anomaly can be found VM is defined as isolated. Since the prognosis of fetal VM mainly depends on the presence of associated anomalies, a careful diagnostic approach is necessary to rule out CNS and extra- CNS fetal anomalies. Magnetic Resonance Imaging can be a useful diagnostic tool complementary to ultrasound in order to recognize subtle brain anomalies, particularly cortical disorders. In this review the diagnostic approach to fetal VM will be discussed starting from ultrasound screening, moving to neurosonographic and MRI examination and genetic evaluation, in order to recognize the cause of VM and offer the appropriate counselling to the parents.
Inverse relationship between IL-6 and sodium levels in patients with COVID-19 and other respiratory tract infections: data from the COVIVA study
Authors: Atila Cihan , Monnerat Sophie , Bingisser Roland , Siegemund Martin , Lampart Maurin , Rueegg Marco , Zellweger Núria , Osswald Stefan , Rentsch Katharina , Christ-Crain Mirjam , Twerenbold Raphael 
Published: August 2022

Objective
Hyponatremia in COVID-19 is often due to the syndrome of inadequate antidiuresis (SIAD), possibly mediated by interleukin-6 (IL-6)-induced non-osmotic arginine vasopressin (AVP) secretion. We hypothesized an inverse association between IL-6 and plasma sodium concentration, stronger in COVID-19 compared to other respiratory infections.

Design
Secondary analysis of a prospective cohort study including patients with COVID-19 suspicion admitted to the Emergency Department, University Hospital of Basel, Switzerland, between March and July 2020.

Methods
We included patients with PCR-confirmed COVID-19 and patients with similar symptoms, further subclassified into bacterial and other viral respiratory infections. The primary objective was to investigate the association between plasma sodium and IL-6 levels.

Results
A total of 500 patients were included, 184 (37%) with COVID-19, 92 (18%) with bacterial respiratory infections, and 224 (45%) with other viral respiratory infections. In all groups, median (IQR) IL-6 levels were significantly higher in hyponatremic compared to normonatremic patients (COVID-19: 43.4 (28.4, 59.8) vs 9.2 (2.8, 32.7) pg/mL, P < 0.001; bacterial: 122.1 (63.0, 282.0) vs 67.1 (24.9, 252.0) pg/mL, P < 0.05; viral: 14.1 (6.9, 84.7) vs 4.3 (2.1, 14.4) pg/mL, P < 0.05). IL-6 levels were negatively correlated with plasma sodium levels in COVID-19, whereas the correlation in bacterial and other viral infections was weaker (COVID-19: R = −0.48, P < 0.001; bacterial: R = −0.25, P = 0.05, viral: R = −0.27, P < 0.001).

Conclusions
IL-6 levels were inversely correlated with plasma sodium levels, with a stronger correlation in COVID-19 compared to bacterial and other viral infections. IL-6 might stimulate AVP secretion and lead to higher rates of hyponatremia due to the SIAD in these patients.
ЗАРУБІЖНИЙ ДОСВІД ПОВОЄННОЇ ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЇ ДЕРЖАВНОГО УПРАВЛІННЯ І УРОКИ ДЛЯ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: ГУМЕНЮК Василь 
Published: August 2022

Висвітлено політико-економічні та соціальні умови і чинники, що визначали завдання і напрями трансформації органів влади в Німеччині, Японії та Південній Кореї після Другої світової війни. Обґрунтовано особливості формування їх національних моделей державного управління, зроблено деякі висновки з їх досвіду, що можуть бути корисними для України. Виокремлено особливості такого досвіду, за якими можна ідентифікувати побудову різних за інституційним забезпеченням моделей державного управління. Показано, що відмінності таких моделей мали історичні витоки, а самі моделі формувалися за специфічних для кожної країни обставин, що позначилося на механізмах і наслідках їх впливу на повоєнний розвиток держави і її місце в глобальному світі.
Висвітлено роль і шляхи реалізації міжнародної допомоги для створення ефективної системи публічного врядування, зокрема управління реалізацією донорських планів і програм економічного розвитку, приділено увагу досвіду управління «планом Маршалла» в післявоєнній Європі на прикладі Західної Німеччини. Досвід Японії і Південної Кореї дозволяє з’ясувати можливості й загрози консервативних, авторитарних і ліберальних підходів до організації державного управління в умовах повоєнної розрухи, що безпосередньо впливають на ефективність врядування і формування економічної моделі розвитку держави.
Зроблено висновки, що можуть бути корисними для України, зокрема, про: необхідність формування спроможної влади на меритократичних засадах з дотриманням принципів державного управління для відбудови економіки країни після війни; значення довіри населення до влади як ключового чинника ефективності публічного управління; вирішальну роль міжнародної підтримки і допомоги й належного її використання для успішного післявоєнного відновлення і розвитку країни; безумовну пріоритетність цілей політики, спрямованих на розвиток демократії і розумне регулювання економіки задля головної мети держави – забезпечення безпеки і високих стандартів життя населення.
Difficulties in Using Articles among EFL University Students: An Experimental Study
Authors: Muttlak Nasser Instr. Sura 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Starting to learn English articles ‘a/an, the, and the zero article’ is a major challenge for English as a Foreign Language (EFL) students. Articles are very common morphemes, and their usage is difficult for EFL learners, and it usually causes even the most advanced non-native speakers of English (NNS) to commit mistakes. Iraqi EFL students have difficulties when using English articles. This may affect negatively their exam scores. The current study conducted in the Department of English, College of Education for Women, University of Baghdad, Iraq. This research highlights Iraqi EFL first-year students’ mistakes and difficulties in using English articles. The study aims to investigate these mistakes and tries to find an appropriate solution for them. To fulfil the aims of this study, the researcher adopted pre and posttests as instruments for collecting data. The data has been analyzed by the statistical program SPSS. This study identifies the difficulties that are encountered when Iraqi EFL students use English articles.
The elderly and urban mobility: cost sensitivity of elderly people in the “oldest” Italian city
Authors: Burlando Claudia , Musso Enrico , Persico Luca 
Published: August 2022

The world is facing a series of changes that will modify the way we envisage transport planning in our cities. Demographic ageing as a consequence of higher life expectancy and lower fertility rates is a world-wide phenomenon. While ageing is indeed a triumph of scientific progress and increasing longevity is perceived as one of humanity’s greatest achievements, the transition in society needs to be managed. In the urban context, any increase in age, health, and economic conditions determines one’s ability to enjoy the urban milieu and the so-called economies of urbanisation (advantages gained from an urban location, e.g., proximity to a market, labour supply, good communications, and financial and commercial services) longer. As there are more and more elderly people in cities, urban mobility becomes crucial in making the urban environment more inclusive. In order to provide suitable policy guidelines, it is, therefore, necessary to investigate and understand senior traveller behaviour.
In this study, we investigate urban travel characteristics of people aged 65 years and over living in the city of Genoa (one of the cities with the largest population of the elderly in the EU). By utilising a structured questionnaire, the paper explores the satisfaction and motivations of approx. 600 elderly public transport users in the city. In particular, exploratory factor analysis has been used to determine the key dimensions of the satisfaction and mobility motivations, and subsequently to use them to investigate the cost sensitivity of elderly people.
Meme kanseri neoadjuvan kemoterapi sürecinde progrese ve yanıtsız hastaların yanıtlı hastalar ile karşılaştırılması
Authors: YILMAZ Cengiz , ÖZDEMİR Özlem 
Published: August 2022

Amaç: Meme kanseri neoadjuvan kemoterapi sürecinde radyolojik olarak progrese veya yanıtsız olup operasyona yönlendirilen hastalar ile tedaviye yanıtlı hastaların karşılaştırılması hedeflendi.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Hastanemizde meme kanseri nedeni ile neoadjuvan kemoterapi sonrası opere olmuş kadın hastalar retrospektif olarak tarandı. Ara radyolojik görüntülemesi olanlar çalışmaya dahil edildi. Hastalar ara görüntüleme sonuçlarına göre tedaviye yanıtlı, yanıtsız (stabil hastalık) ve progrese olmak üzere üç gruba ayrıldı. Yanıtsız veya progrese olup operasyona yönlendirilen hastalar ile yanıtlı olup kemoterapiye devam eden hastalar hasta ve tümör karakteristikleri bakımından ayrı ayrı karşılaştırıldı.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya toplam 96 kadın hasta dahil edildi. Ara radyolojik görüntüleme sonuçlarına göre hastaların %90,6’sı (87 hasta) tedaviye yanıtlıydı. Dört hasta (%4,2) tedaviye yanıtsızlık, beş hasta (%5,2) ise progresyon nedeni ile toplamda dokuz hasta (%9,4) erkenden operasyona yönlendirilmişti. Yanıtsız hastaların yanıtlı hastalara göre ortalama yaşı istatistiksel olarak anlamlı daha yüksek, tümör gradı ve Ki-67 indeksi ise daha düşük saptandı (sırasıyla; 60 vs. 49, p=0,035, 1,5 ± 0,6 vs. 2,4 ± 0,5, p=0,007 ve 10±4 vs. 37±22, p=0,003). Progrese olan hastaların yanıtlı hastalara göre tümör gradı ve Ki-67 indeksi daha yüksek olmasına rağmen istatistiksel anlamlı değildi. Tedaviye yanıtsız hastalar çoğunlukla luminal A (3/4 hasta), progrese hastalar ise çoğunlukla triple negatif (3/5 hasta) moleküler alt tipte idi.
Sonuç: Düşük proliferasyon indeksi ve gradı olan luminal meme kanserleri neoadjuvan kemoterapiye duyarsız olma eğilimindedir. Diğer taraftan yüksek proliferasyon indeksi ve gradı olan hormon reseptörleri negatif tümörler neoadjuvan tedaviye iyi yanıt verebildikleri gibi progresyon açısından da risk teşkil edebilirler. İleri klinik çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.
Akut aort transeksiyonlarının endovasküler tedavisinde başarıyı etkileyen faktörler
Authors: BALCIOĞLU Özlem , KARACA Sedat , PARILDAR Mustafa , KAHRAMAN Ümit , POSACIOĞLU Hakan 
Published: August 2022

Amaç: Bu çalışmada Akut Aort Transeksiyonu tanısıyla 2002 – 2018 yılları arasında endovasküler tedavi ile tedavi edilmiş hastaların sonuçları ve başarıyı etkileyebilecek faktörleri sunmak amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya toplam 17 hasta dahil edilmiş olup retrospektif olarak planlanmıştır. Hastaların tüm verilerine dosyaları taranarak ulaşılmış ve tüm hastaların demografik verileri kaydedilmiştir. Çalışmaya dahil edilen tüm hastalardan yazılı onam belgesi alınmıştır. Hastaların travma şekilleri ve cinsiyet oranları yüzdelik olarak hesaplanmıştır. Kesin tanı için kontrastlı torakoabdominal bilgisayarlı tomografi çekilerek endovasküler tedavi açısından değerlendirme yapılmıştır. Endovasküler tedaviye uygun görülen tüm hastalara ilk 24 saat içinde müdahale edilmiştir.
Bulgular: Çalışmamıza dahil edilen hasta grubunun evrelemesinde büyük çoğunluğu evre 4 hastalar oluşturmakta olup etiyolojide en büyük sebebin araç içi trafik kazaları olduğu göze çarpmaktadır. Çalışmaya dahil edilen 17 hastanın 2’si erken dönemde 1’i takip sürecinde kaybedilmiştir. Endovasküler tedavinin komplikasyonları olarak bilinen greftte migrasyon, psödoanevrizma ve greftte kıvrılma gibi komplikasyonlar ile karşılaşılmamıştır. On yedi hastanın 12’sinde sol subklaviyen arter kapatılmış olmasına rağmen sadece ikisine karotis – subklaviyen baypas uygulama ihtiyacı oluşmuştur.
Sonuç: Konvansiyonel cerrahiye oranla endovasküler tedavinin düşük mortalite ile uygulanabiliyor olması akut aort transeksiyonlarında mortaliteyi azaltmaktadır. Müdahalenin ilk 24 saatte, bu konuda deneyimli merkezlerde yapılması ve greft seçiminde aort çapının %10’unun aşılmaması, balon dilatasyonundan kaçınılması tedavi başarısını etkileyen en önemli faktörlerdendir.
Metabolic status is not related to dietary acid load in polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors: OMMA Tülay , ZENGİN Fatmanur Hümeyra , AYDOĞMUŞ Süheyla , ÇULHA Cavit 
Published: August 2022

Aim:Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are at high risk for obesity-related disorders, insulin resistance (IR), and metabolic syndrome (MS). Adopting potent approaches to diet enhances cardiometabolic risk profile and reproductive function. Different types of diets have provided conflicting results so far. We aimed to investigate whether dietary acid load (DAL) contributed to the metabolic process in PCOS.
Material and Method: This study included 46 newly diagnosed PCOS patients and 46 healthy individuals with matched age, sex, and BMI. Clinical, anthropometric, and biochemical measurements were obtained. We extracted net endogenous acid production (NEAP) and potential renal acid load (PRAL) scores from 24-hour dietary data recorded on a nutrient database program for three days (BeBiS software program).
Results:We concluded no statistically significant difference between the groups by NEAP (p=0.569) and PRAL (p=0.969).Patients with PCOS had higher fasting insulin levels and HOMA-IR (p
EVALUATION OF CLINICAL FEATURES AND RISK FACTORS AFFECTING BLEEDING IN PATIENTS WITH GASTROINTESTINAL ANGIODYSPLASIA
Authors: YALINBAŞ Berrin , DİZEN Hayrettin , YENİLMEZ İsmail 
Published: August 2022

AIM: The aim of the study was to evaluate the clinical features and risk factors affecting bleeding in patients with angiodysplasia.
MATERIA L AND METHOD: This retrospective study was conducted between January 2016 and December 2019, and included patients who underwent endoscopy/colonoscopy examination for any reason at two institutions (n=2177). Patients with angiodysplasia were divided into two groups according to their bleeding status, and their clinical features and risk factors affecting bleeding were analyzed.
RESULTS: Angiodysplasia was detected in 44 (2.02%) patients who underwent endoscopy and colonoscopy. Bleeding was detected in 25% (n=11) of patients with angiodysplasia. Warfarin use frequency (p=0.016) and heart disease frequency (p=0.008) were higher in patients with angiodysplasia with bleeding. Hemoglobin (p=0.001), hematocrit (p < 0.001), platelet levels (p=0.009) and total iron binding capacity (p=0.036) were found to be significantly lower in patients with bleeding angiodysplasia. It was found that patients using warfarin had a 12.917-fold higher risk of bleeding than nonusers (OR:12.917, 95%CI: 2.014-82.830, p=0.007). Bleeding was not associated with age (p=0.196), gender (p=0.326), number of lesions (p=0.063), gastric lesion (p=0.880), duodenal lesion (p=0.472), colonic lesion (p=0.947), size of lesion (p=0.789), nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs use (p=0.631), hypertension (p=0.163), cirrhosis (p=0.179), coronary artery disease (p=0.448) and heart diseases (p=0.207).
CONCLUSION: The use of warfarin increases the risk of bleeding in patients with gastrointestinal angiodysplasia. Risk factors affecting bleeding in patients with gastrointestinal angiodysplasia need to be evaluated in comprehensive prospective studies.
Trends in COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance in Spain, September 2020‒May 2021
Authors: Beca-Martínez María Teresa , Romay-Barja María , Ayala Alba , Falcon-Romero María , Rodríguez-Blázquez Carmen , Benito Agustín , Forjaz Maria João 
Published: August 2022

Objectives. To analyze factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine acceptance in Spain, over time. Methods. We used data from a national study that included 5 online surveys carried out every 2 months from September 2020 to May 2021. Each round recruited a sample of 1000 participants aged 18 years or older. We performed a multivariable logistic regression with vaccination acceptance as the dependent variable. We evaluated time trends through the interaction terms of each of the explanatory variables and the time. Results. Vaccination acceptance increased from 43.1% in September 2020 to 84.5% in May 2021. Sex, age, concerns about disease severity, health services overload, and people not wearing a face mask, together with adherence to preventive behavior, health literacy, and confidence in scientists, health care professionals’ information, and adequacy of governmental decisions, were variables associated with vaccination acceptance. Conclusions. In a changing situation, vaccine acceptance factors and time trends could help in the design of contextualized public health messages. It is important to strengthen the population’s trust in institutions, health care professionals, and scientists to increase vaccination rates, as well as to ensure easy access to accurate information for those who are more reluctant. (Am J Public Health. 2022;112(11):1611–1619. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2022.307039 )
SIGNIFICANCE OF A SMALL REGURGITALITE CONTAINING LISSAMPHIBIAN BONES, FROM THE MORRISON FORMATION (UPPER JURASSIC), WITHIN A DIVERSE PLANT LOCALITY DEPOSIT IN SOUTHEASTERN UTAH, USA
Authors: FOSTER JOHN R. , HUNT ADRIAN P. , KIRKLAND JAMES I. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
A new specimen from a plant locality in the Morrison Formation of southeastern Utah exhibits characters suggestive of a small bromalite, possibly from a fish or semi-aquatic mammal. The specimen consists of a cluster of small bones, most referable to lissamphibians, including elements of at least one small frog (possibly a tadpole) and possibly the smallest reported salamander specimen from the formation. Chemical and taphonomic characters suggest that the specimen is a regurgitalite, the first from both the Morrison Formation and the Jurassic of North America. The lissamphibian material in the bromalite represents the southernmost likely occurrence of frogs and salamanders in the formation. The possible salamander material may represent a rare juvenile rather than a new taxon, and it is morphologically more similar to Valdotriton and Comonecturoides than it is to Iridotriton. The frog material is similarly unidentifiable to specific taxon.