bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Which part of the blood in the knee joint is responsible for its detrimental effects? (An experimental study on the knee joint in rabbits)
Authors: Colak Tahsin Sami , Bicer Elcil Kaya , Kücük Levent , Doganavsargil Basak , Sezak Murat , Aydogdu Semih 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAimThis study aims to determine the potential causative elements which are responsible for the cartilage damage in case of frequent intra‐articular bleeding and to evaluate the effects of intra‐articular free iron and chelation of iron in the knee joint.MethodsThirty‐five New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into five groups according to substances injected into their knee joints. Plasma (group I) and cellular components (group II) of the blood harvested from the rabbits, iron (ferric hydroxide sucrose) (group III), iron&chelator (group IV) and only chelator (deferoxamine mesylate) (group V) were injected into their right knees three times a week for 12 weeks. The joint surface was examined histologically according to the classification system modified from Colombo et al. The changes in the synovial tissue were evaluated according to the scoring system modified from Madhok et al.ResultsCartilage and synovial abnormality scores were significantly higher in all study groups when compared to their own controls (p < 0.0001). Cartilage scores of groups I and V were significantly lower when compared to groups III and IV (p = 0.002 for group I and p = 0.003 for group V). Synovial abnormality score of group I was significantly lower than scores of groups III and IV (p = 0.001); and of group V lower than groups III and IV (p = 0.003 and p = 0.001, respectively).ConclusionsAll substances tested in this study caused a certain amount of damage in the cartilage tissue and led to synovial abnormalities. Both iron and iron&chelator caused more damage in the cartilage and led to more advanced synovial changes when compared to the plasma component of blood and chelator itself. Influence of iron and iron&chelators were found to be similar showing that chelation was inadequate in antagonizing the detrimental effects of iron.
Exploring the value of feminist theory in understanding digital crimes: Gender and cybercrime types
Authors: Lazarus Suleman , Button Mark , Kapend Richard 
Published: June 2022

AbstractDo men and women perceive cybercrime types differently? This article draws on the distinction between socio‐economic and psychosocial cybercrime proposed by Lazarus (2019) to investigate whether men and women hold different perceptions of digital crimes across these two dimensions. Informed by the synergy between feminist theory and the Tripartite Cybercrime Framework (TCF), our survey examined respondents’ differential perceptions of socio‐economic cybercrime (online fraud) and psychosocial cybercrime (cyberbullying, revenge porn, cyberstalking, online harassment) among men and women in the United Kingdom. The results revealed that women considered psychosocial cybercrime worse than men. Conversely, we found no differences between men and women with regard to socio‐economic cybercrime. The article concludes that psychosocial cybercrimes are more gendered than socio‐economic cybercrime, suggesting problems with the meaning of ‘cyber‐enabled crimes’, and substantiating the synergy between the TCF and feminist perspectives.
Organisational barriers to institutional change: The case of intelligence in New Zealand policing
Authors: Lindsay Angus , Bradley Trevor , Mackenzie Simon 
Published: June 2022

AbstractOver recent decades Intelligence‐led Policing (ILP) has become a central component of the attempts by New Zealand Police (NZP) to engineer a transformative shift away from ‘reactive’ policing to more ‘proactive’ approaches to crime reduction. ILP appeared to offer an effective response to increasingly complex crime problems, an expanded ‘mission’ and growing public demand, by placing crime intelligence central to decision making. As part of an international study exploring police intelligence, we conducted 20 in‐depth semi‐structured interviews with Police Intelligence staff at all levels of the police hierarchy. Our findings highlight five critical barriers to implementing a successful ILP project in New Zealand. We suggest ILP has not delivered its promised effect of catalysing a major reorientation of the modes of frontline policing or its delivery and argue that this is due to the structural resilience of traditional police cultural reluctance to allow long‐established practice and procedural norms to be fundamentally changed.
Encounters among Environmental Education and Eco‐Art in the Anthropocene
Authors: Tsevreni Irida 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis study explores the potential of the interdisciplinary zone that is created when art meets environmental education in the Anthropocene. It shares the findings of an eco‐art project that took place in the framework of an environmental education course, where the undergraduate students were encouraged to create eco‐art pieces, to investigate environmental problems/issues through art and to communicate their findings with the class. The research reflects on students' artworks and reveals the environmental problems and issues that were important for them. Furthermore, it discusses four dimensions of students' ecological consciousness that emerged: a) criticism for the ecological crisis and overconsumption, b) human‐nature relationship, c) empathy for nonhuman beings and d) vision of an ecological future. The paper highlights the need for an experiential and creative pedagogical path in the process of the empowerment of the ecological consciousness in the field of environmental education.
A potential intellectual property issue with the way in which some nomenclature code decisions are made
Authors: Maxwell Stephen J. , Underdown Michael 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis article examines the legal status of nomenclature codes and their application to denomination in certain forms of intellectual property, in particular plant breeder's rights and patents for micro‐organisms. Its objective is to show how rigidity and the absence of appeals against nomenclature decisions can have adverse effects on the rights and even earning potential of applicants.
Extinction and replacement events shaped the historical biogeography of Arctic mammals in Europe: new models of species response
Authors: Stojak Joanna , Jędrzejewska Bogumiła 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT

The historical biogeography of the terrestrial mammals in Europe has been widely studied on the basis of fossil records and molecular makers. However, to date, only one model of species' responses to glacial–interglacial cycles during the glacial episodes of the Quaternary, especially during the Last Glacial Maximum, has been proposed: the ‘expansion‐contraction model’.

The ‘expansion‐contraction model’ is more appropriate for thermophilous and temperate species than for Arctic species. We hypothesise that the responses of cold‐adapted species to the temperature fluctuations during glacial cycles cannot be explained by this model.

In this review, we synthesise and describe, for the first time, the historical biogeography of various cold‐adapted terrestrial mammalian taxa (small mammals, herbivores, and carnivores) in Eurasia during the last glaciation (especially during the Last Glacial Maximum), and identify mechanisms underlying their response to glacier pulsation and severe climate fluctuations.

We formulate the paradigm for the biogeography of cold‐adapted mammalian taxa in Europe, and identified three response models to glacial–interglacial cycles: 1) ‘extinction and genetic diminution’ for Lasiopodomys gregalis, Dicrostonyx spp. and Lemmus lemmus, 2) ‘extinction and replacement’ for Alopex lagopus, Gulo gulo and Rangifer tarandus, and 3) ‘contraction and gene transfer’ for Lepus timidus and Martes zibellina.

Knowledge of past biogeography is essential for understanding how cold‐adapted taxa are responding to anthropogenic climate warming, and for on‐going biodiversity and habitat conservation in the Anthropocene. There is no doubt that cold‐adapted, Arctic species are suffering the most from global warming.
Good for patients but not learners? Exploring faculty and learner virtual care integration
Authors: Shepherd Lisa , McConnell Allison , Watling Christopher 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe pandemic catapulted the adoption of virtual care far ahead of its anticipated maturation date, forcing faculty to role model and teach learners with barely enough time to master it themselves. With a scant body of prepandemic literature now accompanied by experience gained under extraordinary circumstances, we can benefit from understanding ad hoc strategies implemented by those on the front lines and from listening to learners about what is working and what is not. The purpose of this study was to explore the experience of learner integration into virtual care from both the faculty and learner perspectives.MethodsUsing a constructivist grounded theory methodology and sociomateriality as a sensitising concept, we recruited participants using purposeful and theoretical sampling from a Canadian University with limited prepandemic virtual care provision. We interviewed 16 faculty and 5 learners spanning a breadth of specialties and years of practice/education to probe their experience of teaching and learning virtual care. Data collection and analysis were conducted iteratively with themes identified through constant comparative analysis.ResultsIntegrating learners into virtual care proved challenging initially because of a lack of familiarity with the process and later because of disrupted workflow, triggered by the structure and logistics of the virtual care clinic. Both faculty and learners identified learning deficiencies in the virtual care experience when compared with in‐person clinics, but several unique and valuable learning affordances were noted. All faculty expressed a desire to keep virtual care as part of their future clinic practice, but paradoxically most felt that they were unlikely to include learners.ConclusionsTraining learners in virtual care is an educational challenge that will not disappear with COVID‐19, even if our participants wished it could. The perceived value for patients but not learners begs a reconsideration of the sociomaterial contribution to this pandemic paradox.
Quantitative risk assessment of rabies being introduced into mainland France through worldwide noncommercial dog and cat movements
Authors: Crozet Guillaume , Rivière Julie , Rapenne Elisa , Cliquet Florence , Robardet Emmanuelle , Dufour Barbara 
Published: June 2022

AbstractFrance has been rabies‐free among nonflying mammals since 2001. Despite this status, the rabies virus has been introduced several times through noncommercial pet movements, posing a threat of infection by this 100%‐lethal zoonosis among local animal and human populations. To quantify the risk of rabies being introduced through worldwide noncommercial dog and cat movements, we performed a quantitative risk assessment using stochastic scenario tree modeling. The mean annual probability of at least one rabies introduction incident was 0.35 (median: 0.24, 90% prediction interval (PI) [0.04; 0.98]) and the mean annual number of rabies‐infected pets introduced through pet movements was 0.96 (median: 0.27, 90% PI [0.04; 3.88]). These results highlight a nonnegligible, even high risk due to the associated consequences of such events. In alternative scenario testing, preventive anti‐rabies vaccination proved to be an effective measure since removing the vaccination requirement led to a > 15‐fold increase in risk. The serological testing requirement had less of an effect (approximately two‐fold increase when removed) and the posttest waiting period to ensure that antibodies were not linked to an infection had a negligible effect. Any change in pet owner compliance, especially regarding vaccination, could have a major impact on the risk. This study also shows that reinforced border control staff training could be more effective in reducing risk than more frequent checks. These results provide quantitative data for assessing the probability of the rabies virus entering France, and could help policymakers decrease this risk in rabies‐free areas.
Collaboration and Friendship in the Photography of Juno Gemes
Authors: Potts Rowena , Gemes Juno , Peters‐Little Frances 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn this dialogue, I speak with distinguished Australian photographer Juno Gemes about a retrospective collection of her work that she is in the process of compiling at her studio on the banks of the Hawkesbury River in New South Wales. Provisionally titledSomething Personal: Chronicles of the Movement 1978–2022, it will include photographs produced during a long‐term collaboration between Gemes and her friend Frances Peters‐Little, a Gamilaraay Yuwaalaraay filmmaker and historian with whom I also spoke for this dialogue. Combined, these conversations provide insight into the social relations, protocols, and ethics that shape and inform Gemes' ongoing photographic practice.
AN ENERGY SYSTEM EVALUATION OF RURAL ELECTRIFICATION OF BARANGAY PURAY, RODRIGUEZ, RIZAL, PHILIPPINES
Authors: Olalo Joselito , Dela Cruz Catherine Joy , Generoso Krizzia 
Published: June 2022

Rural electrification in the Philippines is one of the main problems in the country. In this study, the possible electrification of Barangay Puray using three alternatives, namely, solar power, generator set and Meralco connection was analyzed. The stakeholders in this study were the people of the barangay, the local government of Rizal and the Meralco Corporation. Some assumptions are made, one of which is that the local government of Rizal will pay the capital costs for solar power and generator set, while the residents of the barangay will pay the government within 25-year period of the study. Here, two cases were introduced, whether the residents will pay the capital and maintenance costs or the maintenance costs only. The values of the initial costs and maintenance costs were compared and used to get the generation cost of the system. The results showed different values, with total of 189,889,720 pesos for the solar power while for the generator set was 235,425,304 pesos, thus the conclusion was made for the perspective of each of the stakeholder. For the residents of Barangay Puray, the most feasible was the solar power utility system. For the local government of Rizal, the generator set was more advantageous. While the Meralco Corporation would need the road laid out first before the electrification even it only has capital cost of 10,721,984 pesos in which the MOE was disregarded.
PREDICTION OF MULTI-SEAM MINING-INDUCED SURFACE SUBSIDENCE IN UNDERGROUND COAL MINE IN INDONESIA
Authors: Pongpanya Phanthoudeth , Sasaoka Takashi , Shimada Hideki 
Published: June 2022

This paper attempts to predict the surface subsidence induced by multi-seam longwall mining in the PT Gerbang Daya Mandiri (GDM) underground coal mine in Indonesia. Several numerical models of multi-seam longwall mining under various depths were built in the finite difference code software “FLAC3D” which was used as a tool for numerical simulations. Effect of mining sequence and influence of lower seam mining were firstly investigated. The angle of draw (AoD) and maximum surface subsidence (Smax) were used to describe characteristics of the surface subsidence. Based on simulated results, it is indicated that the undermining provides a better mining sequence in multi-seam longwall mining compared to the overmining. Mining the coal seam in an undermining order will not cause any difficult mining conditions in a lower seam, whereas some ground control problems in an upper seam are expected when the coal seam is mined in an overmining order. Under all mining depths in the undermining, extracting the lower seam panels significantly influences the magnitude of surface subsidence. The AoD and Smax increase significantly after all panels in the lower seam is mined. This indicates that very large surface subsidence is expected when multi-seam mining is applied at GDM underground coal mine. An application of some countermeasures such as adopting a large pillar width and a small panel width is suggested in this underground coal mine in order to minimize the surface subsidence caused by multi-seam longwall mining. Minimizing the surface subsidence by adopting a large pillar width and a small panel width is therefore numerically investigated in this paper. Based on simulated results, it is found that the AoD and Smax decrease significantly when larger pillar width and narrower panel width are adopted. The use of larger pillar width and narrower panel width result in smaller AoD and Smax.
Contribution of the carotid body to thermally mediated hyperventilation in humans
Authors: Gibbons Travis D. , Dempsey Jerome A. , Thomas Kate N. , Campbell Holly A. , Stothers Tiarna A. M. , Wilson Luke C. , Ainslie Philip N. , Cotter James D. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractHumans hyperventilate under heat and cold strain. This hyperventilatory response has detrimental consequences including acid–base dysregulation, dyspnoea, decreased cerebral blood flow and accelerated brain heating. The ventilatory response to hypoxia is exaggerated under whole‐body heating and cooling, indicating that altered carotid body function might contribute to thermally mediated hyperventilation. To address whether the carotid body might contribute to heat‐ and cold‐induced hyperventilation, we indirectly measured carotid body tonic activity via hyperoxia, and carotid body sensitivity via hypoxia, under graded heat and cold strain in 13 healthy participants in a repeated‐measures design. We hypothesised that carotid body tonic activity and sensitivity would be elevated in a dose‐dependent manner under graded heat and cold strain, thereby supporting its role in driving thermally mediated hyperventilation. Carotid body tonic activity was increased in a dose‐dependent manner with heating, reaching 175% above baseline (P < 0.0005), and carotid body suppression with hyperoxia removed all of the heat‐induced increase in ventilation (P = 0.9297). Core cooling increased carotid body activity by up to 250% (P < 0.0001), but maximal values were reached with mild cooling and thereafter plateaued. Carotid body sensitivity to hypoxia was profoundly increased by up to 180% with heat stress (P = 0.0097), whereas cooling had no detectable effect on hypoxic sensitivity. In summary, cold stress increased carotid body tonic activity and this effect was saturated with mild cooling, whereas heating had clear dose‐dependent effects on carotid body tonic activity and sensitivity. These dose‐dependent effects with heat strain indicate that the carotid body probably plays a primary role in driving heat‐induced hyperventilation.
imageKey points
Humans over‐breathe (hyperventilate) when under heat and cold stress, and though this has detrimental physiological repercussions, the mechanisms underlying this response are unknown.
The carotid body, a small organ that is responsible for driving hyperventilation in hypoxia, was assessed under incremental heat and cold strain.
The carotid body drive to breathe, as indirectly assessed by transient hyperoxia, increased in a dose‐dependent manner with heating, reaching 175% above baseline; cold stress similarly increased the carotid body drive to breathe, but did not show dose‐dependency.
Carotid body sensitivity, as indirectly assessed by hypoxic ventilatory responses, was profoundly increased by 70–180% with mild and severe heat strain, whereas cooling had no detectable effect.
Carotid body hyperactivity and hypersensitivity are two interrelated mechanisms that probably underlie the increased drive to breathe with heat strain, whereas carotid body hyperactivity during mild cooling may play a subsidiary role in cold‐induced hyperventilation.
La televisión abierta Argentina en el escenario digital
Authors: Carboni Ornela Vanina 
Published: June 2022

Los procesos de digitalización y convergencia tecnológica representan un desafío para los medios de comunicación en el siglo XXI. La tradicional industria televisiva debió adaptar la distribución de contenidos audiovisuales a través de diversas pantallas.
De este modo, el estudio de carácter descriptivo y exploratorio observa la distribución de los contenidos a través de Internet por parte de las emisoras televisivas en abierto de Argentina y su adaptación al ecosistema mediático digital con la aparición de competidores emergentes del universo online. El diseño metodológico de tipo cualitativo analiza la distribución de contenidos audiovisuales en la red por parte de las emisoras televisivas en abierto de Argentina (El Trece, Telefe y TV Pública), para ello se procedió a la revisión bibliográfica y a la realización de entrevistas a los responsables de las áreas digitales.
La infografía periodística española. Una evaluación de cuatro destacados medios (1994, 2007 y 2018)
Authors: CASTAÑEDA ZUMETA AITOR 
Published: June 2022

La infografía periodística en los diarios es una comunicación visual informativa que se ocupa de lo más relevante de un asunto significativo por medios figurativos y convenciones abstractas. Así se ha entendido desde el comienzo de la tecnología informática gráfica, y de ello hay múltiples muestras en algunos de los principales medios españoles de mayor audiencia, con los que podemos comparar el pasado y presente de la infografía periodística.
Para ello, se ha propuesto el estudio de los periódicos ABC, El País, La Vanguardia y El Periódico, analizando 711 infografías de 19 secciones, desde 1994 (década de oro de la infografía española) hasta 2018 con un método cuantitativo y cualitativo por variables (Valero Sancho, 1999), referidas a la cantidad de infografías en los diarios, días de semana de publicación, características formales (tamaño, proporción y ubicación en página), y su tipología según el citado método.
Barriers to body temperature monitoring among prehospital personnel: a qualitative study using the modified nominal group technique
Authors: Scott Remi William , Fredriksen Knut 
Published: June 2022

ObjectivesTo identify and explore barriers that healthcare professionals working as prehospital care (PHC) providers at the University Hospital of North Norway experience with temperature monitoring and discover solutions to these problems.Study designQualitative study using the modified nominal group technique.Materials and methods14 experienced healthcare professionals working in air and ground emergency medical services were invited to the study. Initially, each participant was asked to suggest through email topics of importance regarding barriers to prehospital thermometry. Afterwards, they received a list of all disparate topics and were asked to individually rank them by importance. The top-ranked topics were discussed in a consensus meeting. The meeting was audio-recorded and a transcript was written and then analysed through an inductive thematic analysis.Results13 participants accepted the invitation. 63 suggestions were reduced to 24 disparate topics after removal of duplicates. Twelve highly ranked topics were discussed during the consensus meeting. Thematic analysis revealed 47 codes that were grouped together into six overarching themes, of which four described challenges to monitoring and two described potential solutions: equipment dissatisfaction, little focus on patient temperature, fear of iatrogenic complications, thermometry subordinated, more focus on temperature and simplification of thermometry.ConclusionTo increase the frequency of temperature measurement on correct indication, we suggest introducing PHC protocols that specify patients and conditions where an accurate temperature measurement should have high priority. Furthermore, there is a profound need for more suitable techniques for temperature monitoring in the prehospital setting.