bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The accuracy of non-contrast brain CT scan in predicting the presence of a vascular etiology in patients with primary intracranial hemorrhage
Authors: Abbasi Bita , Ganjali Raheleh , Akhavan Reza , Tavassoli Ahmadreza , Khojasteh Fatemeh 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Introduction: Spontaneous intraparenchymal cerebral hemorrhages (SIPH) account for 10-15% of cases of acute stroke. stratification of these patients according to the risk of harboring an underlying vascular etiology would help for selecting the patients who mostly benefit from multidetector CT angiography (MDCTA). The aim of this study was to Evaluate the accuracy of non-contrast brain CT (NCCT) in predicting the presence of a vascular etiology in patients with SIPH.
Materials and Methods: In this retrospective study, we used NCCT criteria to predict the presence of vascular etiology in SIPH patients.
Results: Of the 385 evaluated patients, 21.3% had an underlying vascular etiology. Independent predictors of the vascular etiology included age< 50 years, no history of hypertension and coagulation disorder, lobar hemorrhage, concurrent IVH or SAH, and significant perilesional edema. We used the independent predictors of vascular etiology and NCCT classification to create a practical scoring system to predict the risk of vascular ICH (VICH). VICH score ≤4 had 76.8% Sensitivity and 90.1% Specificity for prediction of a positive MDCTA.
Conclusion: The VICH score was successful in the prediction of vascular etiology in this retrospective cohort of 385 patients.
Super-Nernstian pH Sensor based on Doping-lessTunnel-Field effect transistor
Authors: Rasool Zuber , Amin S. Intekhab , Majeed Lubna , Bashir Ishrat , Seraj Anjar , Anand Sunny 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In this work, we have developed doping less tunneling field-effect transistor (DL-TFET) based pH sensor which can detect the pH variation in an aqueous (electrolyte) medium. The source-sided underlapped technique is employed to achieve better sensitivity. The simulated results were extracted with the help of the software package TCAD-Silvaco. In this work, we have compared the pH sensing capabilities of both conventionally doped TFET (C-TFET) and DL-TFET having the same configuration. Result suggests that the sensitivity of DL-TFET is equal to that of C-TFET. Since DL-TFET already exhibits superiority over C-TFET in terms of better immunity against RDF, low fabrication cost and complexity, it can be used as a better alternative to C-TFET based ISFETs. Furthermore, in this work, we have discussed and demonstrated how the performance and sensitivity of the DL-TFET device can be further increased by the use of low energy band materials like germanium in the source region and high K dielectric materials like Al2O3 as a sensitive oxide layer underneath the underlapped region. The voltage sensitivity achieved by DL-TFET in this work is 312 mV/pH which surpasses the Nernst limits by more than 5 times.
Association of globalization with the burden of opioid use disorders 2019. A country-level analysis using targeted maximum likelihood estimation.
Authors: Barbalat Guillaume , Reddy Geeta , Franck Nicolas 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
The “opioid crisis” has been responsible for hundreds of thousands deaths in the US, and is at risk of dissemination worldwide. Within-country studies have demonstrated that the rise of opioid use disorders (OUD) is linked to increased access to opioid prescriptions and to so-called “diseases of despair”. Both have been related to the emergence of globalization policies since the 1980s. First, globalized countries have seen a reorganization of healthcare practices towards quick and easy answers to complex needs, including increased opioid prescriptions. Second, despair has gained those suffering from the mutations of socio-economic systems and working conditions that have accompanied globalization policies (e.g. delocalization, deindustrialization, and the decline of social services). Here, using data with high quality ratings from the Global Burden of Disease database, we evaluated the country-based association between four levels of globalization and the burden of OUD 2019.
Results
The sample included 87 countries. Taking into account potential country-level confounders, we found that countries with the highest level of globalization were associated with a 31% increase in the burden of OUD 2019 compared to those with the lowest level of globalization (mean log difference: 0.31; 95%CI, 0.04–0.57; p = 0.02). Additional analyses showed a significant effect for low back pain (mean log difference: 0.07; 95%CI, 0.02–0.12; p = 0.007). In contrast, other mental and substance use disorders did not show any significant relationship with globalization. Finally, socio-cultural de jure globalization, which compiles indicators related to gender equality, human capital and civil rights, was specifically associated with the burden of OUD (mean log difference: 0.49; 95%CI: 0.23,0.75; p < 0.001).
Conclusions
These findings suggest that OUD may have inherent underpinnings linked to globalization, and more particularly socio-cultural aspects of globalization. Key factors may be increased rights to access prescriptions, as well as increased feelings of despair related to the erosion of local cultures and widening educational gaps.
Per-Fluorinated Azo- and Azomethane-Based Organic Polymers Developed Via Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution Mechanism: Synthesis, Thermal, Optical Properties, Porosity and Environmental Applications
Authors: Altarawneh Suha S. , El-Kaderi Hani M. , Richard Alexander J. , Alakayleh Osama M. , Almatarneh Mansour H. , Ababneh Taher S. , Al-Momani Lo’ay A. , Aldalabeeh Rawan H. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
A new series of ether-linked, per-fluorinated organic polymers bearing azo- (-N = N-) and azomethane (-C = N-) organic linkers was reported. The synthetic methodology relied on applying the nucleophilic aromatic substitution reaction (NAS) to fluorinated linkers (e.g. decafluorobiphenyl and hexaflourobenzene) and diols of azo- and azomethane linkers. The successful formation of the new structures revealing ether-linkage substitution of selected fluorine sites was confirmed by 1H-, 13C-, 19F-NMR and FTIR. All polymers were thermally stable in the range of 350–500 °C due to the variation of fluorine and nitrogen contents. The extended conjugation of the polymers was confirmed by the changes in the UV-Vis spectra of the organic linkers and their corresponding polymers. A notable hypsochromic shift was observed in all cases, which was more pronounced with azo-based fluorinated chains due to the H-bonding on the nitrogen sites, chain conformations and planarity. The optical band gap (Eg) of the polymers was determined from the UV-Vis. The Eg values of azo-based fluorinated polymers were higher by 1eV compared to their corresponding linkers. The 19F-NMR analysis confirmed two types of NAS on both the ortho- and para- positions of the fluorinated linkers. These connections created the possibility of developing cross-linked frameworks beside the open-chain confirmation with tailored hydrophobic nature. The cross-linking formation was characterized by porosity measurements, including surface area (SA), pore size and pore volume. The highest measured values were recorded for the azo-based polymer (DAB-Z-1h), which reached 438 m2/g and a pore volume of 0.35 cm3/g. A surface area of 105 m2/g was the lowest for the open-chain azomethane-based polymer (DAB-A-1O) with a pore volume of 0.0872 cm3/g. The beneficial formation of porous structures with varied hydrophobic nature was investigated as adsorbents for separating water/benzene, water/phenol and the selective binding of methane/carbon dioxide gases from the air. The most hydrophobic polymers that contain the decafluorbiphenyl linker were suitable for benzene separation, and the superior methane uptake values were 6.14 and 3.46 mg/g, for DAB-Z-1O and DAB-A-1O, respectively. On the other hand, DAB-Z-1h, with the highest surface area (438 m2/g) and rich with nitrogen sites, has the highest CO2 uptake at 298 K (17.25 mg/g).
Best Thermoelectric Efficiency of Ever-Explored Materials
Authors: Ryu Byungki , Chung Jaywan , Kumagai Masaya , Mato Tomoya , Ando Yuki , Gunji Sakiko , Tanaka Atsumi , Yana Dewi , Fujimoto Masayuki , Imai Yoji , Katsura Yukari , Park SuDong 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

A thermoelectric device is a heat engine that directly converts heat into electricity. Many materials with a high figure of merit ZT have been discovered in anticipation of a high thermoelectric efficiency. However, there has been a lack of investigations on efficiency-based material evaluation, and little is known about the achievable limit of thermoelectric efficiency. Here, we report the highest thermoelectric efficiency using 13,353 published materials. The thermoelectric device efficiencies of 808,610 configurations are calculated under various heat-source temperatures (Th) when the cold-side temperature is 300 K, solving one-dimensional thermoelectric integral equations with temperature-dependent thermoelectric properties. For infinite-cascade devices, a thermoelectric efficiency larger than 33% (≈1/3) is achievable when Th exceeds 1400 K. For single-stage devices, the best efficiency of 17.1% (≈1/6) is possible when Th is 860 K. Leg segmentation can overcome this limit, delivering a very high efficiency of 24% (≈1/4) when Th is 1100 K.
Genetic diversity of viruses infecting cnidium plants (Cnidium officinale) in Japan: cnidium vein yellowing virus (CnVYV), cnidium virus X (CnVX) and cucumber mosaic virus (CMV)
Authors: Iwai Kazuma , Kon Tatsuya , Abe Haruki , Honma Hiroshi , Kawasumi Naoki , Kawakami Hiroko , Kawashimo Midori , Sakurai Miki , Fuji Shin-ichi 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
We report the infection efficiency and genetic diversity of three different viruses, cnidium yellowing vein virus (CnVYV), cnidium virus X (CnVX), cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), which are associated with yellowing and mosaic symptoms in Cnidium officinale plants in Iwate and Hokkaido, Japan. The rate of viral infection is extremely high and we found that all collected samples were infected with CnVYV. Phylogenetic analysis using coat protein (CP) sequences suggested that these three viral species had infected before or just after the cnidium plants were introduced in Japan.
Proximal Hyperdense Middle Cerebral Artery Sign is Associated with Increased Risk of Hemorrhagic Transformation after Endovascular Thrombectomy: A Multi-center Retrospective Study
Authors: Kang Zhiming , Wu Lishuo , Sun Dong , Zhou Gang , Wu Xiangbo , Qiu Han , Mei Bin , Zhang Junjian 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Objective: To investigate whether hyperdense middle cerebral artery sign (HMCAS) on pretreatment no-contrast CT (NCCT) is associated with hemorrhagic transformation (HT) after endovascular thrombectomy (EVT).
Methods: Patients with acute middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion who received EVT between January 2018 and December 2021 in three comprehensive hospitals were retrospectively evaluated. They were divided into negative HMCAS, proximal HMCAS, and distal HMCAS groups, among whom differences were compared. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed to investigate the association between HMCAS and HT.
Results: 318 patients were included, among whom 149 (46.9%) had HMCAS with 107 (71.8%) in the proximal HMCAS group and 42 (28.2%) in the distal HMCAS group. Patients with proximal HMCAS had higher National Institute of Health Stroke Scale scores (p = 0.006) and lower Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Scores (p < 0.001). Large artery atherosclerosis was more frequent in the negative HMCAS group while cardioembolism was more common in the positive HMCAS groups (p = 0.007). The rate of HT was higher in the proximal HMCAS group than that in the negative HMCAS group (61.7% vs 43.2%, p < 0.05). Proximal HMCAS was associated with HT in univariate analysis (unadjusted OR = 2.117, 95%CI: 1.291–3.471, p = 0.003) and remained an independent risk factor of HT in multivariate logistic regression analysis (adjusted OR = 1.989, 95%CI: 1.170–3.380, p = 0.011).
Conclusion: Proximal HMCAS on initial NCCT was independently associated with HT in patients who received EVT for acute MCA occlusion.
SCL-SKG:Software Knowledge Triplet Extraction with Span-level Contrastive Learning
Authors: Tang Mingjing , Zhang Shu , Zheng Ming , Ma Zifei , Gao Wei 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The text of software knowledge community contains abundant knowledge of software engineering field. The software knowledge triplet can be extracted automatically and efficiently to form the software knowledge graph, which is helpful for software knowledge-centric intelligent applications, such as intelligent question answering, automatic document generation and software expert recommendation. Most existing methods are confronted with problems of task dependence and entity overlap. In this paper, we propose a software knowledge triplet extraction method based on span-level contrastive learning. From the level of sentence sequence modelling, we model the sentence sequence with span as a unit, and generate abundant positive and negative samples of entity span through the span representation layer to avoid the problem that the token-level method cannot select overlapping entities. From the level of feature learning, we propose supervised entity contrastive learning and relation contrastive learning, which obtain enhanced feature representation of entity span and entity pair through positive and negative sample enhancement and contrastive loss function construction. Experiments are conducted on the dataset which is constructed based on texts of the StackOverflow, and show that our approach achieves a better performance than baseline models.
Design, preparation and characterization of Fe 3 O 4 @SiO 2 @ECH@Thiocarbazide@Au(III)@Chitosan nanoparticles as a catalyst for the synthesis of 3, 4-dihydropyrano [3,2 -c]chromenes
Authors: Karkon Elahe Gholamiyan , Mostafavi Hossein 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
A magnetic nanostructured iron/silica/ linker/ gold ions/ chitosan, has been synthesized to achieve an efficient and reusable catalyst characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning, and transmission electron microscopies, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, vibrating sample magnetometry, and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. To improve their stability and increase surface the achieved multilayer nanocomposite has been capsulated in chitosan and glutaraldehyde network. It was found that the obtained nanoparticles have diameter size from 43 to 72 nm. The optimized nanocatalyst applied an efficient and easy friendly procedure for the synthesis of 3, 4-dihydropyrano [3,2-c]chromenes from aromatic aldehyde or aromatic glyoxal, malononitrile, and cyclohaxane-1,3-dione in water at room temperature. The prepared nanocatalyst will be quickly recovered employing an external magnet and reused several times without significant activity loss.
Multi-source sensor data and worn surface topography for tribo-informatics research
Authors: Ma Yufei , He Ke , Yin Nian , Zhang Zhinan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Real-time monitoring of the wear state of key components of mechanical equipment is one of the key engineering applications of tribology. It can be realized with the help of data-driven technology. In this study, the multiple-source sensor data and the surface topography of the disc specimen during the tribo-test were collected using the pin-on-disc test. The pin material was polyimide, and the disc material was titanium alloy. During the test, the surface topography of the disc specimen was collected by restarting multiple times for single pair of specimens. The data collected by the sensors of the tribometer itself include the applied normal load, the measured friction force, the calculated friction coefficient, the position of the pin, and the rotational speed of the disc. The data collected by the data acquisition platform include the vibration data in three directions, sound pressure, and audio data. The data collected by the white-light interferometer are the surface topography of the four worn areas on the disc. These data can be used to explore the trend of surface topography during the friction process and to verify the performance of different data-driven methods in studying the correlation between surface topography and multi-source sensor data.
SH3 Domain-Binding Glumatic Acid-Rich Protein-Like 3 is closely associated with hyperglycemia and poor outcome in Epstein-Barr Virus-negative Gastric Carcinoma
Authors: Li Houqiang , Zheng Lanqing , Fu Peiling , Chen Xin , Zhang Xia , Yu Xunbin , Chen Zhizhong , Zhong Guodong , Chen Xiaoyan , Lu Mei , Chen Linying 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
SH3 domain-binding glutamate acid-rich protein-like 3 (SH3BGRL3) has recently been indicated in several human cancers. However, its relationship with gastric cancer (GC) remains exclusive.
Methods
Using multiple online bioinformatic tools to evaluate the messenger RNA(mRNA) levels of SH3BGRL3 in GC from the database of The Cancer Genome Atlas, Genotype-Tissue Expression, and Gene Expression Omnibus. RT-qPCR and tissue microarray-based immunohistochemistry were performed to observe SH3BGRL3 expression concerning clinicopathological parameters and outcomes in GC patients. Significantly differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of SH3BGRL3 were enriched and visualized. Meanwhile, the associations between SH3BGRL3 expression and immune infiltrating cells were explored.
Results
SH3BGRL3 exhibited aberrant expression in tumor tissues compared to the adjacent normal tissues at mRNA levels and protein expression, especially in EBVnGC. Higher SH3BGRL3 expression is significantly associated with increasing TNM staging, tumor budding, perineural invasion, EGFR expression, and a notably higher preoperative blood glucose concentration in clinical specimens. Multivariate analysis revealed that higher SH3BGRL3 expression was an independent adverse prognostic factor for the overall survival of EBVnGC patients (HR = 1.666, p = 0.018). Furthermore, the stratified analysis showed SH3BGRL3 phenotype could refine prognostication in patients. The C-index of the nomogram was 0.740 when combining SH3BGRL3 with other clinicopathological parameters, which indicated a good model for clinical follow-up decisions. Gene functional enrichment analysis revealed that the DEGs of SH3BGRL3 were mainly enriched in regulating ATP metabolism, ATP synthesis, oxidative phosphorylation, and electron transport chain in GC. Higher SH3BGRL3 expression was significantly positively correlated with the infiltrating macrophages in GC.
Conclusion
SH3BGRL3 was upregulated in GC, particularly in EBVnGC. Higher SH3BGRL3 expression was closely associated with hyperglycemia and poor outcomes in EBVnGC patients, suggesting a potential biomarker and prognostic predictor.
Combination of baseline PET/CT total metabolic tumor volume, lesion dissemination and TP53 mutations predicts rapid progression of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
Authors: Liu Cong , Shi Pengyue , Li Zhenjiang , Li Baosheng , Li Zengjun 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background: The existing International Prognostic Index (IPI) scoring system has failed to fully identify high risk population for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). The next-generation prognosis model may combine PET scanning indicators, total metabolic tumor volume (TMTV) or the largest distance between 2 lesions (Dmax) normalized with the body surface area [standardized Dmax (SDmax)], and genetic mutations to identify high-risk patients early.
Methods: We analyzed 93 patients with DLBCL treated with rituximab and CHOP/CHOP-like regimen. TMTV was calculated using the 41% maximum standardized uptake value thresholding method. From the 3D coordinates, the centroid of each lesion was automatically obtained and considered as the lesion location; Dmax was calculated and normalized by patient body surface area (BSA), given by √(weight x height)36 00, yielding SDmax. The pathological tissues of all patients before treatment were sequenced by a lymphopanel to identify mutations in 43 genes.
Results: The optimal TMTV cutoff was 210.1 cm3, and the optimal SDmax cutoff was 0.146 m-1. In multivariate analysis, high SDmax, high TMTV and A53-like subtype were independent prognostic factors of PFS (P=0.047, 0.035 and 0.031, respectively). TMTV or SDmax combined with TP53 mutations can identify significant risk stratification in patients. TMTV combined with TP53 mutations identified 3 groups with a significant difference in PFS (P=0.003): 42 patients with low TMTV regardless of TP53 status; 36 with high TMTV and wild-type TP53; and 15 with high TMTV and mutant TP53. In the three groups, 1-year PFS was 81.4%, 55.4% and 38.9%, respectively. SDmax combined with TP53 mutations also identified 3 groups with a significant difference in PFS (P < 0.001), and 1-year PFS was 84.8%, 58.3% and 32.0%, respectively.
Conclusions: In patients with low tumor burden or without distant metastasis, gene mutations seems to have little effect on prognosis. While in patients with heavy load, combination of TMTV or SDmax with TP53 mutations could lead to more accurate selection and better individualized treatment. Based on this study, we suggest that next-generation sequencing should be carried out in the newly diagnosed patients with heavy tumor load or distant metastasis in the future, so as to further distinguish the high-risk patients and guide the treatment.
Catastrophic health expenditure and its inequality in rural China: evidence from 2013-2018 CHARLS
Authors: ZHang Weile , Su Min , Li Dongxu , ZHang Tianjiao , Li Wenhui 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background: Catastrophic health expenditure (CHE) is an important indicator for measuring health inequality. Previous studies mainly focused on whole populations rather than specific vulnerable groups through the regional survey or cross-sectional data. China’s rural area is often associated with an underdeveloped economy and insufficient health resources. This study aims to update the information on the extent and trends in incidence and inequality of CHE among the households of rural China through CHARLS panel data.
Methods：Data were obtained from three waves of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS): 2013, 2015, and 2018. CHE was defined as the proportion of household health expenditures to the non-food expenditure more than 40% threshold. The inequality of CHE was measured by the concentration index. Decomposition methods were used to decompose the concentration index into its determining components.
Results：The incidence of CHE was 23.41% (95% CI: 0.22, 0.25) in 2013, 21.36% (95% CI: 0.20, 0.23) in 2015 and 28.97% (95% CI: 0.27, 0.31) in 2018 in rural households. The concentration index was negative: -0.1528 (95% CI: -0.1941, -0.1115) in 2013, -0.1010 (95% CI: -0.1442, -0. 0577) in 2015 and -0.0819 (95% CI: -0.1170, -0.0467) in 2018. Economic status, age, and chronic disease were the main contributors to the inequality of CHE.
Conclusions：The incidence of CHE in rural households of China displayed an upward trend. Furthermore, there existed a strong pro-poor inequality of CHE in rural China. Economic status, age, and chronic diseasewere the main contributors to the pro-poor inequality. Health policies to allocate resources and services are needed to satisfy the needs of rural households and provide more accessible and affordable health services. More concerns need to be directed toward households with chronic diseases and households with the elderly. Meanwhile, policymakers need to pay more attention to relieving the incidence of CHE and promoting health equality.