bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of robust insoluble anhydrite whiskers from desulphurization gypsum containing organic matter via improved hydrothermal‐calcination process for the removal of lead and zinc ions
Authors: Liu Shuang , Ma Wenjing , Li Yun , Chen Xueqing , Cao Jilin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundAn improved hydrothermal‐calcination method was used to convert desulphurization gypsum containing organic matter (OM‐gypsum) to insoluble anhydrite (II‐CaSO4) whiskers, where OM‐gypsum was directly transformed to soluble anhydrite (γ‐CaSO4) whiskers via the hydrothermal method followed by calcination. The synthesized II‐CaSO4 whiskers were applied for the removal of lead ion (Pb(II)) and zinc ion (Zn(II)).ResultsThe synthesized II‐CaSO4 whiskers possessed a smooth surface, large aspect ratio, and high whiteness of above 90%. The mother liquor after synthesis could be recycled. The synthesized II‐CaSO4 whiskers exhibited maximum adsorption capacities of 641.03 mg/g and 14.00 mg/g for Pb(II) and Zn(II), respectively, under optimal adsorption conditions. The pseudo‐second‐order model and Langmuir isotherm model were appropriate for describing the adsorption process of II‐CaSO4 whiskers. Compared with II‐CaSO4 whiskers calcined from hemihydrate gypsum and the short and columnar II‐CaSO4 crystals, the synthesized II‐CaSO4 whiskers in this work possessed a superior adsorption performance.ConclusionThe improved hydrothermal‐calcination process could completely remove the organic matter from OM‐gypsum, and the direct formation of γ‐CaSO4 intermediate helped avoid the lattice collapse caused by the removal of water molecules during calcination. The excellent adsorption performance of the synthesized II‐CaSO4 whiskers in this work could be attributed to their large negatively charged surface areas, which were formed by the large aspect ratio and excellent stability. This work provides a practical method for the comprehensive utilization of chemical gypsum containing organic impurities. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Ganglion cell complex thickness with spectral domain optical coherence tomography and correlations in a normative pediatric South Asian cohort
Authors: Nadeem Sana 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSpectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD‐OCT) was used to assess the perifoveal Ganglion cell complex (GCC) thickness in healthy Pakistani children. 174 eyes of 87 healthy children (3 to 16 years) were included after a thorough eye examination. Significant refractive error was excluded (>± 5 DS), glaucoma, ocular pathology, intraocular surgery, trauma, and systemic ailments. The perifoveal GCC analysis was done by Optopol Revo 80® high resolution SD‐OCT. The average age was 11.1 ± 3.12 years. The average GCC thickness globally was 120.01 ± 76.74 μm, superiorly; 117.51 ± 8.77 μm, superonasally; 120.47 ± 8.78 μm, superotemporally, 103.83 ± 8.25 μm, inferiorly; 117.41 ± 8.71 μm, inferonasally 120.57 ± 8.88 μm, and inferotemporally; 107.15 ± 7.69 μm. The average GCC thickness was positively correlated with axial length (p = .02) and the GCC thickness in all sectors was significantly higher amongst males as compared to females (p < .05). Our study provides normative data for the macular GCC thickness in healthy children of our population. GCC thickness estimation is an important diagnostic parameter in glaucoma and optic neuropathies. Establishing a normative database for our pediatric population would help immensely in the diagnosis and monitoring of optic nerve disorders.Research Highlights
Spectral domain optical coherence tomography guided measurement of the ganglion cell complex thickness of the Pakistani pediatric population has not been done before.
Our study provides normative data for the macular ganglion cell complex in healthy children of our population and studies its correlations with age, gender, intraocular pressure, axial length, refractive status, and corneal thickness.
This will guide us in optic nerve and neurological disease diagnosis and monitoring.
Evaluating Upstaging in Ductal Carcinoma In Situ Using Preoperative MRI‐Based Radiomics
Authors: Hong Minping , Fan Sijia , Yu Zhexuan , Gao Chen , Fang Zhen , Du Liang , Wang Shiwei , Chen Xiaobo , Xu Maosheng , Zhou Changyu 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundAbout 20%–40% of patients diagnosed with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) by core needle biopsy (CNB) will develop invasive cancer at the time of excision. Improving the preoperative diagnosis of DCIS is important for surgical planning.PurposeTo establish an MRI‐based radiomics nomogram for preoperatively evaluating the upstaging of DCIS patients and help with risk stratification.Study TypeRetrospective.PopulationA total of 227 patients (50.5 ± 9.7 years; 67 upstaged DCIS) were divided into training (n = 109), internal (n = 47), and external (n = 71) validation cohort.Field Strength/Sequence1.5‐T or 3‐T, dynamic contrast‐enhanced (DCE) imaging, and diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI).AssessmentDCIS lesions were manually segmented using ITK‐SNAP software and 1304 radiomic features were extracted from DCE, DWI, and apparent diffusion coef‐ficient (ADC) maps, respectively. A radscore was calculated by a random forest algo‐rithm based on DCIS upstaging‐related radiomic features, which selected by a coarse‐to‐fine method including interclass correlation coefficient, single‐factor anal‐ysis, and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) method. Uni‐variate and multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the independent risk factors, including age, location, lesion size, estrogen receptor (ER) status, and other clinico‐pathologic factors. Finally, Mann‐Whitney U tests were performed to com‐pare the differences in radscore between low/intermediate and high nuclear grade groups for pure DCIS patients.Statistical TestsStudent's t‐tests or Mann–Whitney U tests, chi‐square‐tests, or Fisher's‐tests, univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis, calibration curve, Youden index, the area under the curve (AUC), Delong test, net reclassification improvement (NRI), and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI) analyses.ResultsEight important radiomic features (two from ADC, three from DWI, and three from DCE) were selected for calculating radscore. Clinical model including age and ER was established with AUCs of 0.747 and 0.738 in the internal and external validation cohorts, respectively. A combined model integrating age, estrogen receptor (ER), and radscore were also constructed with AUCs of 0.887 and 0.881. Further subgroup analysis showed that pure DCIS patients with different nuclear grade have significant differences in radscore.Data ConclusionMultisequence MRI radiomics may preoperatively evaluate the upstaging of DCIS and might provide personalized image‐based clinical decision support.Evidence Level4.Technical EfficacyStage 2.
Study on AC interference law of high voltage AC cable to submarine pipeline and safe distance
Authors: Zhu Zhenhong , Liang Yi , Chen Le , Liu Yang , Du Yanxia 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn recent years, due to the large‐scale construction of wind power and shore power projects, the amount of submarine high‐voltage AC cables has been increasing year by year, and they often form a “common corridor” in parallel with adjacent submarine pipelines, resulting in AC interference on pipelines. A lot of research has been carried out on the AC interference law of buried pipelines onshore. However, there is a lack of discussion on the AC interference suffered by submarine pipelines from high‐voltage AC cables. How to understand the AC interference law of high‐voltage AC cables to submarine pipelines and determining the safe distance has become an urgent demand in practical production. Based on this, this paper established a calculation model for AC interference suffered by submarine pipelines from high‐voltage AC cables on through CDGES software. Through simulation calculation, the influence laws of many factors such as parallel distance between AC cables and pipelines, parallel length, cable load current, anticorrosive coating resistivity, and longitudinal pipeline resistance per unit length on AC interference parameters of pipelines were investigated. It was found that the degree of AC interference increases with the increase of the anticorrosive coating resistivity, the load current, and the longitudinal pipeline resistance per unit length, as well as the decrease of the parallel interval. However, with the increase of the parallel length, the AC interference voltage and current density of the pipeline increase firstly, then decrease, and at the end remains unchanged, and it was found that there existed the parallel length with the maximum AC interference and the saturation parallel length with unchanged AC interference. Based on the principles of electromagnetic induction and AC circuits, the main reasons for the parallel length with maximum AC interference and the saturation parallel length were analyzed in this paper. The safe distances avoiding AC corrosion under different parallel lengths and load currents were discussed, which can provide a reference for the evaluation of AC interference of submarine pipelines and the selection of submarine routing.
Gender Equality Theology and Essentialism: Catholic Responses to Gender‐Based Violence and Inequality in Papua New Guinea
Authors: Hermkens Anna‐Karina , Kenneth Roselyne , McKenna Kylie 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACTThis paper addresses how Christianity, and in particular Catholicism, is deployed in response to gender‐based violence (GBV) in Papua New Guinea. It provides insights into the various ways the Catholic community, Church, and its clergy respond to and manage GBV. Focusing on a case study in the Autonomous Region of Bougainville in Papua New Guinea, the article reveals how Gender Equality Theology is used and received to address GBV in this region. What transpires is that despite supporting social change, Gender Equality Theology also advocates a particular status quo by essentialising gender relations, and thereby excluding non‐binary gender identifications and relations. The article will discuss this paradox, highlighting the importance of vernacularisation and how despite its conservatism, Gender Equality Theology provides victims, survivors, counselors, and activists with resources to respond to GBV and change gender inequality in the region.
EBV infection mediated BDNF expression is associated with bladder inflammation in interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome with Hunner's lesion
Authors: Jhang Jia‐Fong , Liu Cheng‐Der , Hsu Yung‐Hsiang , Chen Chien‐Chin , Chen Hsiang‐Chin , Jiang Yuan‐Hong , Wu Wan‐Chen , Peng Chih‐Wen , Kuo Hann‐Chorng 
Published: November 2022

AbstractInterstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome with Hunner's lesion (HIC) is characterized by chronic inflammation and nerve hyperplasia; however, the pathogenesis of HIC remains a mystery. In this study, we detected both Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) latency infection genes EBNA‐1 and LMP‐1 and EBV lytic infection BZLF‐1 and BRLF‐1 expression in the HIC bladders, indicating the coexistence of EBV persistence and reactivation in the B cells in HIC bladders. Upregulation of EBV‐associated inflammatory genes in HIC bladders, such as TNF‐α and IL‐6, suggests EBV infection is implicated in the pathogenesis of bladder inflammation. Nerve hyperplasia and upregulation of brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) were noted in the HIC bladders. Double immunochemical staining and flow cytometry revealed the origin of BDNF to be EBV‐infected B cells. Inducible BDNF expression was noted in B cells upon EBV infection, but not in the T cells. A chromatin immunoprecipitation study revealed BDNF transcription could be promoted by cooperation between EBV nuclear antigens, chromatin modifiers, and B‐cell‐specific transcription. Knockdown of BDNF in EBV‐infected B cells resulted in the inhibition of cell proliferation and viability. Downregulation of phosphorylated SMAD2 and STAT3 after BDNF knockdown may play a role in the mechanism. Implantation of latent EBV‐infected B cells into rat bladder walls resulted in a higher expression level of CD45 and PGP9.5, suggesting tissue inflammation and nerve hyperplasia. In contrast, implantation of BDNF depleted EBV‐infected B cells abrogated these effects. This is the first study to provide insights into the mechanisms underlying the involvement of EBV‐infected B cells in HIC pathogenesis. © 2022 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Impact of magnetic resonance angiography parameters on stroke prevention therapy in pediatric patients with sickle cell anemia
Authors: Strumph Kaitlin , Morrone Kerry , Dhillon Parmpreet , Hsu Kevin , Gomes William , Silver Ellen , Lax Daniel , Peng Qi , Lee Seon Kyu , Manwani Deepa , Mitchell William 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundDegree of cerebrovascular stenosis in pediatric patients with sickle cell anemia (SCA) informs need for chronic transfusion therapy, which has significant risks. Flow artifact, intrinsic to magnetic resonance angiography (MRA), is dependent on technical parameters and can lead to overinterpretation of stenosis. The primary objective of this study was to document any change in stroke prevention therapy that could be attributed to the implementation of a standardized MRA scanning protocol for patients with SCA.MethodsA standardized MRA scanning protocol with an echo time of less than 5 ms was implemented at Montefiore Medical Center (MMC), NY in May 2016. Retrospective chart review identified 21 pediatric patients with SCA, with an MRA head both pre‐ and post‐May 2016. Arterial stenosis on MRA, machine parameters, and treatment plans were compared pre‐ and post‐implementation.ResultsTen of the 21 patients met inclusion criteria. Previously seen stenosis was re‐classified to a lower degree in six of the 10 patients, leading to discontinuation of transfusions in five patients. No patients required escalation of therapy to chronic transfusions.ConclusionOptimizing flow artifact by decreasing echo time to less than 5 ms can improve accurate interpretation of cerebrovascular disease, and ensure appropriate treatment plans are in place for stroke prevention. This is especially important for implementing “TCD With Transfusions Changing to Hydroxyurea (TWiTCH)” clinical trial results in the real‐world setting.
How the hidden quantum realm reveals the invisible
Authors: Stubbs Stuart 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCurrent infrared (IR) sensing and imaging technology is at its practical limit. Siliconbased CMOS solutions are cost‐effective but spectrally limited, while InGaAs sensors offer excellent photon conversion efficiency, but are too complex and costly. As the world experiences both a second quantum revolution and an increasing proliferation of machine sensing technology, using quantum dots to gather detailed IR data is the next frontier for sensing and imaging technology.
The efficacy of cryogenic plasma tonsillectomy in the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea‐hypopnea syndrome in children: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Liu Zhiqing , Li Sha , Mu Shan , Yang Zuo , Li Jiongke , Ding Lingyan , Han Rui , Xie Hui , Zhang Qinxiu 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundObstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) refers to the apnea and hypopnea caused by partial or complete obstruction of the upper airway collapse during sleep. The cryogenic plasma tonsillectomy is mostly used for the clinical treatment of children with OSAHS.AimsThe objective of this meta‐analysis is to investigate the clinical efficacy of cryogenic plasma tonsillectomy for OSAHS in children.Materials & MethodsThe literature search was conducted through China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Database, Embase, PubMed, and Web of Science databases. The search was from the establishment of each database to June 2022. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) meeting the criteria for partial/total cryo‐plasma tonsillectomy for treating patients with obstructive sleep apnea‐hypopnea syndrome in children were included, with data extracted. The meta‐analysis was performed using the Stata 16.0 and Review Manager 5.4. Seven RCTs were included in this study.ResultsThe results showed that the partial/complete cryo‐plasma tonsillectomy in the experimental group had a better therapeutical effective rate than the control group of patients treated with conventional surgery [Odds ratio (OR) = 2.181, 95% CI: 1.306‐3.645, P < 0.05]. Also, in terms of postoperative adverse reactions, the number of adverse reactions in the experimental group was significantly lower than in the control group (OR = 0.445, 95% CI: 0.287‐0.689, P = 0.001). The analysis of surgical efficacy showed that the operative time, intraoperative blood loss, and postoperative pain score were all significantly lower than those of the control group. Furthermore, further analysis of the apnea‐hypopnea index (AHI) and the lowest oxygen saturation (LSaO2) of the two groups showed that the cryo‐plasma tonsillectomy treatment had higher LSaO2 levels than conventional treatment [Standardized mean difference (SMD) = 0.380, 95% CI: 0.094‐0.667, P = 0.009].ConclusionThe application of cryo‐plasma tonsillectomy can significantly improve the treatment effect of OSAHS, reducing adverse reactions.
Importance of leaf surface and formulation properties in predicting wetting outcomes
Authors: Nairn Justin J , Forster W Alison 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDLeaf wettability is a major hurdle for the retention of agrichemical sprays that is combated, in part, by using adjuvant modified formulations. Scientists must understand the properties of the leaf surface and the formulation that govern wetting to intelligently select or formulate products to target specific pests.RESULTSA comprehensive database comprising 11 synthetic surfaces and 54 leaf surfaces (species, adaxial and abaxial sides, cultivars, and plant age) using 35 formulations (neat solutions and adjuvants solutions at different concentrations) was compiled. Surface properties of the physical roughness and chemical polarity, as quantified by the wetting tension dielectric method, and formulation properties of surface tension and polarity, as quantified by dielectric constant, were found to govern wetting. A comprehensive wetting model was developed that employed these variables and was capable of accurately predicting the wetting outcome (R2 = 0.86) on all the leaf and synthetic surfaces investigated. This model adequately predicts adjuvant formulation wetting despite exact formulation polarity being unknown.CONCLUSIONSWetting can be modelled for a wide range of surfaces and solutions. The comprehensive wetting model developed shows potential to better predict the wetting outcome of adjuvant formulations should a method to quantify the formulation dielectric constant be developed. This research provides a significant advancement in the understanding of the properties governing wetting, which may aid the selection and development of adjuvants to target specific surfaces. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Adaptive finite/fixed‐time stabilizing control for nonlinear systems with parametric uncertainty
Authors: Yu Jiangbo , Stancu Alexandru , Ding Zhengtao , Wu Yuqiang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis article investigates the adaptive finite/fixed‐time stabilizing control problem for a class of uncertain nonlinear systems. Remarkably, the studied system allows the nonlinear parametric uncertainties. Compared with the existing results on adaptive finite/fixed‐time stabilizing control, the proposed state feedback stabilizing process consists of the first phase of steering the system states into a region of the fixed‐time stability in finite‐time and the second phase of further driving the states to the origin in fixed‐time, while the other signals in closed‐loop system are kept bounded. The adaptive finite/fixed‐time stabilizing control scheme is developed using a recursive design method, which is inspired by the adding‐a‐power‐integrator technique. The proof is based on the nonsmooth finite/fixed‐time Lyapunov stability theorem developed recently for nonlinear control systems. The angular set‐point stabilizing control of a pendulum system is used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the presented algorithm.
What if it Were Otherwise? Teachers Use Exams from the Past to Imagine Possible Futures in the Teaching of Literature
Authors: Levine Sarah , Moore Daniel P. , Bene Emma , Smith Michael W. 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACTIn the United States, standardized tests shape what, how, and why English Language Arts teachers teach. For the last generation, these tests have increasingly taken a narrowly text‐centered approach to literature, making it difficult to enact or research alternatives. But what if it were otherwise? In the current study, we asked teachers to imagine alternatives to the current world of standardized testing. Drawing from a hundred years of New York state exams, we selected reader‐ and text‐centered essay prompts that represented a range of alternatives to current standardized exams. Then we interviewed 30 high school English Language Arts teachers from across the U.S., asking them to imagine what, how, and why they might teach with these alternative prompts in mind. Compared to their responses to a current Common Core aligned exam, when teachers responded to the alternative prompts, they were more likely to imagine selecting texts by authors of color, plan a wide variety of discussion‐based and writing activities, highlight the ethical dimensions of the teaching of literature, and envision the pleasure of aligning their beliefs with their instructional choices. As testing becomes more uniform, studies that imagine alternatives to the status quo allow for a broad exploration of the possibilities of language arts curriculum and instruction, as well as an understanding of teachers' untapped creativity and skill.
Cell‐Based Drug Delivery Systems Participate in the Cancer Immunity Cycle for Improved Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: Fan Xiaoyuan , Wang Kaiyuan , Lu Qi , Lu Yutong , Sun Jin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractImmunotherapy aims to activate the cancer patient's immune system for cancer therapy. The whole process of the immune system against cancer referred to as the “cancer immunity cycle”, gives insight into how drugs can be designed to affect every step of the anticancer immune response. Cancer immunotherapy such as immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy, cancer vaccines, as well as small molecule modulators has been applied to fight various cancers. However, the effect of immunotherapy in clinical applications is still unsatisfactory due to the limited response rate and immune‐related adverse events. Mounting evidence suggests that cell‐based drug delivery systems (DDSs) with low immunogenicity, superior targeting, and prolonged circulation have great potential to improve the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy. Therefore, with the rapid development of cell‐based DDSs, understanding their important roles in various stages of the cancer immunity cycle guides the better design of cell‐based cancer immunotherapy. Herein, an overview of how cell‐based DDSs participate in cancer immunotherapy at various stages is presented and an outlook on possible challenges of clinical translation and application in future development.