bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Haematological Effects of Extract of Parkia Biglobosa Plants in West African Dwarf (WAD) Goats Infected With Haemonchus Contortus
Authors: Josiah James Gana , Jiya Zipporah , Obi Okechukwu Anthony 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The effects of stem bark extracts of Parkia biglobosa on haematological parameters of West African Dwraf (WAD) goats averagely weigh 10kg was investigated. The plant was sourced from Tsaragi community in Edu LGA, Kwara State, Nigeria and extracted with methanol to yield crude methanol stem bark extract (CMSBE). This CMSBE was partitioned with n- Hexane, ethyl acetate and water to yield additional ethyl acetate (EA) fraction and aqueous (AQ) fraction. The haematological parameters evaluation were carried out in 18 WAD goats infected with Haemonchus contortus in six groups of completely block design at three animals per group. Group A and B were dosed with 5mL/kg of distilled water and 6.25mg/kg of Albendazole (ABZ) for negative and positive control respectively. Groups C and D with 1000mg/kg and 2000mg/kg of CMSBE respectively and groups E and F with 1000mg/kg of EA fraction and AQ fraction each respectively. The haematological parameters evaluated were Parked cell volume (PCV), haemoglobin concentration (Hb), total red blood cell (TRBC), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) and differential white blood cell count such as neutrophils, lymphocytes and monocytes, eosinophils, neutrophils and basophils. The results showed that CMSBE, EA fraction and AQ fraction have no significant (P > 0.05) effect on haematological paremeters of WAD goats based on the doses used. However, the increase in Hb, RBC and PCV observed in this study suggested that P. biglobosa extracts may be pursued for their clinical relevance in the management of anaemia and in treatment of infectious disease caused by helminth parasites like H. contortus. It is therefore, recommended to establish a baseline indices for haematological parameters on the basis of factors such as sex, age, breed, and nutrition of animals and carry out further studies to determine the effects of these factors on these indices.
Screening of Single-stranded DNA Aptamer Specific for Florfenicol and Application in Detection of Food Safety
Authors: Shi Minghui , Liu Ruobing , Zhang Fuyuan , Chitrakar Bimal , Wang Xianghong 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In this work, single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) aptamers specific to florfenicol (FF) having high binding affinity were prepared using magnetic-bead-based systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment technique (MB-SELEX). After 10 rounds of MB-SELEX screening, aptamers that can simultaneously recognize FF and its metabolite FFA were obtained. The aptamer with the lowest dissociation constant (Kd) was truncated and optimized based on secondary structure analysis. The optimal aptamer selected was Apt-14t, with a length of 43 nt and its dissociation constant was 4.66 ± 0.75 nM, which was about 7 times higher than that of the full-length sequence. The potential binding sites and interactions with FF were demonstrated by molecular docking simulations. In addition, a colorimetric strategy for nanogold aptamers was constructed. The linear detection range of this method was 0.00128–500 ng/mL and the actual detection limit was 0.00128 ng/mL. Using this strategy to detect florfenicol in actual milk and eggs samples, the spiked recoveries were 88.9% − 123.1% and 84.0% − 112.2%, respectively and the relative standard deviation was less than 5.6%, showing high accuracy.
Testing the Amati and Yonetoku correlations for short gamma-ray bursts
Authors: Zitouni Hannachi , Guessoum Nidhal , Azzam Walid Jameel 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
We use a sample of Swift and Fermi short gamma-ray bursts (SGRBs) to test the validity of the Amati and Yonetoku correlation relationships that were originally found for long bursts. The first relationship is between Ep,i, the intrinsic peak energy of the GRB prompt emission, and Eiso, the equivalent isotropic energy. The second relationship is between Ep,i and Liso, the peak isotropic luminosity. The sample is composed of 17 Swift SGRBs and 5 Fermi SGRBs that have a measured redshift and whose spectral parameters, with their uncertainties, are available online. The uncertainties (error bars) on the values of the calculated energy flux P, of the energy Eiso, and of the peak isotropic luminosity peak Liso are estimated using a Monte Carlo approach. We find that SGRBs’ energy and luminosity quantities (Ep,i, Eiso, and Liso) can be correlated with Amati- and Yonetoku-like relations reasonably well (good or moderately good Person r-values and reduced chi-squares), although the data show large scatter and hence large error bars on the slope and the intercept of the fitting line. Our results are consistent with other similar works, though we here use the largest sample of SGRBs so far on this topic. We also find that Eiso and Liso seem to evolve with redshift as (1 + z) 4.9±0.3 and (1 + z) 5.5±0.9 , respectively, with a moderate goodness of fit. However, we caution that this is probably due to selection effects rather than being a genuine redshift evolution of Eiso and Liso.
Classification prediction of pancreatic cystic neoplasms based on radiomics deep learning models
Authors: Liang Wenjie , Wang Pan , Tian Wuwei , Wang Yubizhuo , Zhang Hongbin , Ruan Shijian , Shao Jiayuan , Wang Yifan , Zhang Xiuming , Huang Danjiang , Ding Yong , Bai Xueli 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Preoperative prediction of pancreatic cystic neoplasm (PCN) differentiation has significant value for implementation of personalized diagnosis and treatment plan. This study aims to build radiomics deep learning (DL) models using computed tomography (CT) data for preoperative differential diagnosis of common cystic tumors of pancreas.Methods: Clinical and CT data of 193 patients with PCN was collected for the study. Among these patients, 99 were pathologically diagnosed with pancreatic serous cystadenoma (SCA), 55 with mucinous cystadenoma (MCA) and 39 with intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN). The regions of interest (ROIs) were obtained based on manual image segmentation of CT scans. The radiomics model and radiomics-DL model were constructed using support vector machines (SVMs). Moreover, in combination with clinical and radiological features, the best combined feature set was obtained by Akaike information criterion (AIC) analysis, and the fused model was constructed using logistic regression.Results: For SCA differential diagnosis, the fused model performed the best and obtained average area under the curve (AUC) of 0.916. It had a best feature set including position, polycystic features (≥6), cystic wall calcification, pancreatic duct dilatation and radiomics-DL score. As for MCA and IPMN differential diagnosis, the fused model with AUC of 0.973 had a best feature set including age, communicate with pancreatic duct and radiomics scores.Conclusions: The radiomics, radiomics-DL and fused model based on CT images have a favorable differential diagnostic performance for SCA, MCA and IPMN. These findings may be beneficial to the formulation of individualized management strategies.
Elevating Mentorship Competency for Sustained Impact through the University of Zambia Mentor Training Program
Authors: Rose Elizabeth S. , Gavarkavich Diane , Nzala Selestine H. , Goma Fastone M. , Reed Kristin , Chi Benjamin H. , Deepak Aditi , Parker Océane J. , Heimburger Douglas C. , Martin Marie H. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
BackgroundThe University of Zambia’s (UNZA) Mentor Training Program, established in 2018, is conducted annually to strengthen the mentorship capacity of the UNZA PhD program for the health professions. This intensive five-session course trains faculty members in the mentorship of students. Established by senior UNZA leaders and US-based collaborators, this program was designed to address gaps in mentorship identified at the institutional level. Faculty facilitators developed the course curriculum and used a train-the-trainer model to ensure program sustainability. Participants were faculty members and current or future mentors of PhD and Master of Medicine students. MethodsTo assess the program’s impact, faculty mentors and their mentees completed a 26-item questionnaire on mentoring competencies at the end of a mentor’s participation in the course and one year later. The competencies included: maintaining effective communication, aligning expectations, assessing understanding, fostering independence, addressing diversity, and promoting professional development. Competency scores were compared longitudinally to quantify potential changes in mentoring behaviors.ResultsMentors and mentees alike noted mentor growth in all competency domains from post-course to one year later, providing evidence that the program may have sustained and positive effects on mentoring behaviors over time. Analysis of mentors’ self-ratings indicated a 20% increase in perceived competency from pre-training to one year later; mentees noted a 7% increase in mentors’ competency during the same period. Salient areas of growth corresponded with topics of emphasis and in-depth discussions in the course, including addressing diversity, aligning expectations, assessing capacities, motivating mentees, and fostering independence. ConclusionsThese findings suggest that mentors internalized this content and transferred it to behavior change. The behavioral changes may reveal a larger change in the institutional environment around the mentoring of students. The UNZA Mentor Training Program appears to have sustained impact after a year and should bode well for future benefits to students, faculty, and the institution.
Biosorption of Dimethyl Phthalate From Aqueous Solution Using Yeast-based Silver Nanoparticle
Authors: Omoyeni Temitayo , Erkurt Hatice 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Biosorption provides the reduction of pollution effluents to environmentally satisfactory cutoff points in a financially savvy and ecologically benevolent way by using microorganisms and nanotechnology. Due to its availability and dimethyl phthalate sorption capability, Saccharomyces cerevisiae was considered for biosorption of dimethyl phthalate in the last decade. In this Study dried S.cerevisiae with Silver Nanoparticle was used for dimethyl phthalate biosorption. The influence of operative conditions such as pH, temperature, initial DMP concentration, adsorbent dosage, and contact time was examined. Optimization of operational parameters shows that the optimum concentrations of YB-AgNPs for effective removal of DMP were 700 µg/ml at pH 5 after 5mins and 0.5g at 30-500C for YB-AgNPs biomass concentration. Using three isothermal models, the data obtained from the experiment were analyzed, and the parameters were estimated for each isothermal and related coefficient. The Langmuir isotherm model in this study suits best for biosorption of Dimethyl phthalate. In order to evaluate biosorption kinetics, three kinetic models were used, and it was observed that biosorption follows a second pseudo-order model of a ratio coefficient as high as (R2 = 1). The analysis of thermodynamics test data revealed that the process was spontaneous and feasible. The mechanism of biosorption was defined as physisorption. Therefore, the results obtained show that inactive YB-AgNPs can be an easy and affordable alternative to costly activated carbon for the treatment of dimethyl phthalate from wastewater.
Left adrenal venous drainage into the inferior vena cava in a pheochromocytoma patient with ectopic pelvic kidney
Authors: Sengun Berke , Iscan Yalin , Sormaz Ismail Cem , Aksakal Nihat , Poyanli Arzu , Tunca Fatih , Senyurek Yasemin Giles 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
PurposeTo describe a very rare variant adrenal venous anatomy in a left-sided pheochromocytoma case with left adrenal vein draining into the inferior vena cava (IVC).Case ReportA 66-year-old female with an incidentally discovered left adrenal mass was referred to our clinic for further diagnostic work up. She had a 3-years history of hypertension. Abdominal magnetic resonance imaging which has been performed for essential thrombocytopenia revealed a left adrenal mass. She was diagnosed as pheochromocytoma by further laboratory workup. Preoperative imaging with computed tomography (CT) angiography showed that left kidney was ectopically localized in pelvis, and left adrenal vein was draining directly into the IVC. A laparoscopic transabdominal left adrenalectomy was performed. Final pathology result was consistent for pheochromocytoma. DiscussionVariant adrenal venous anatomy is rare. There are only a few case reports on patients with left adrenal vein draining into the IVC. Although there are handful of autopsy studies, these studies were performed on normal adrenal glands. The number of clinical reports on variant adrenal venous anatomy is limited. Clinical studies revealed that most commonly seen variant adrenal venous anatomy were number based and were associated with larger tumor size and pheochromocytoma. Preoperative CT imaging could be used too improve the identification of venous anatomy. ConclusionIn this report, we present a very rare case of an adult patient with left ectopic kidney who had undergone laparoscopic adrenalectomy for left adrenal tumor and had left adrenal vein draining into the IVC. Preoperative CT imaging identified the variant adrenal venous anatomy in this patient.
Mechanism Exploration of Youth Ischemic Stroke by Metabolomics Analysis
Authors: Wang Fude , Liu Xianfei , Li Shuangshuang , Du Pengcheng , Lu Zilin , Chang Sheng , Dong Jian , Zhou Jian 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The onset age of acute ischemic stroke (IS) is gradually younger, which brings great challenges and burden to the medical system. For stroke patients, time is the brain cells, so any method contributes to rapid identification or diagnosis of stroke is extremely meaningful. Metabolomics analysis provides us with new means and ideas for discovering potential stroke-related biomarkers and understanding the pathogenesis of youth IS. In this study, fifty-five patients with IS were assigned in two groups(senior or junior) according to the age(60-year-old) and were performed serum metabolomics analysis based on Liquid Chromatography coupled to tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS) system. Forty differential metabolites were selected, mainly ceramides, lipids, and amino acids, which are mainly related to aging, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and antitumor mechanisms. The pathway analysis showed that the differential metabolites were mainly enriched in sphingolippid metabolism, glycine metabolism, serine and threonine metabolism, glycerol phospholipid metabolism, biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids, linoleic acid metabolism, and vitamin B6 metabolism. Our study suggests that the mechanism of IS in young adults was most likely associated with elevated plasma lactose ceramide levels and abnormal sphingolipid metabolic pathway.
Neutrophil-derived COX-2 has a key role during inflammatory hyperalgesia
Authors: Carvalho Nathalia Santos , Lemes Julia Borges Paes , Pagliusi Marco , Machado Ana Carolina , Malange Kauê Franco , Pral Lais Passariello , Fachi José Luís , Massucato Catarine Nishijima , Santos Gilson Gonçalves dos , Tambeli Claudia Herrera , Sartori Cesar Renato , Vinolo Marco Aurélio Ramirez , Parada Carlos Amilcar 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Inflammation is a vital process for the injured tissue restoration and one of its hallmarks is inflammatory hyperalgesia. The cyclooxygenase (COX) pathway is strongly related to the inflammatory and painful process. Usually, the COX-1 isoform is described as homeostatic, while COX-2 is characterized as inducible in inflammatory conditions. Although it is well known that neutrophil cells are the first to arrive at the inflamed site and the major source of COX-2 is still unknown the specific role of neutrophil-derived Cox-2 in the pain process is. Thus, in the present study, we demonstrate for the first time that neutrophil-derived COX-2 plays a key role in peripheral inflammatory hyperalgesia. Conditional knockout mice for Cox-2 in neutrophils (Cox-2fl/fl: Mrp8cre+/−) exhibited higher pain sensitivity after carrageenan (CG) injection and long-lasting IL-1β-induced hyperalgesia compared with the control group (COX-2fl/fl). Also, CG-induced inflammation in Cox-2fl/fl: Mrp8cre+/− mice showed Cox-1 overexpression, and increased neutrophil migration and pro-inflammatory cytokines (e.g., IL-1β and CXCL1). These findings revealed that neutrophil Cox-2 has an important role in the regulation of inflammatory hyperalgesia.
Naringin, an agent for statin-associated diabetes: A preliminary study
Authors: Keni Raghuvir , Nayak Pawan Ganesh , Kumar Nitesh , Nandakumar Krishnadas 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Statins have long been used to treat hypercholesterolemia and are the highest prescribed class of drugs for this condition. Though generally considered safe, new pieces of evidence has increasingly linked them with the development of diabetes amongst users. The risk of development of diabetes is both drug and patient dependent. Amongst the numerous hypotheses proposed to explain this, one suggests that the development of diabetes on prolonged usage of statin in high doses may be linked to beta-cell death or dysfunction. To that end, in this study, we explore the potential of naringin in ameliorating the detrimental effects of stain associated pancreatic beta-cell death. Our findings go on to show that naringin can prevent the loss of live cells to atorvastatin induced beta-cell death.
Predictive value of serum YKL-40 and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio for the severity of coronary artery disease in patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction
Authors: Fang Caoyang , Chen Zhenfei , Pan Jianyuan , Zhang Jing , Jin Xiaoqin , Yang Mengsi , Huang Luyao 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction(STEMI) is a life-threatening coronary artery disease, inflammation plays a key role in the occurrence and development of coronary atherosclerosis. Serum YKL-40 and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratios(NLR) are both inflammatory markers. The purpose of this study is to investigate the predictive value of serum YKL-40 and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio for the severity of coronary artery disease in patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. Methods: A total of 120 STEMI patients admitted from October 2020 to February 2022 were included in the STEMI group. 71 patients without coronary sclerosis who underwent coronary angiography at the same time were in the control group. They were divided into the high Gensini score group (Gensini score > 64 points) and the low Gensini score group (Gensini score ≤ 64 points). Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between serum YKL-40 and NLR and Gensini score in the STEMI group; Multifactorial logistic regression analysis was used to study the correlation of serum YKL-40 and NLR each with coronary artery lesion degree; Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) to evaluate the predictive value of serum YKL-40 and NLR on coronary artery lesion degree. Results: The serum YKL-40 and NLR in the STEMI group were higher than those in the control group, the serum YKL-40, and NLR in the high Gensini score group were higher than those in the low Gensini score group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that serum YKL-40 and NLR were positively correlated with the Gensini score in the STEMI group. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that serum YKL-40 was an independent risk factor for the severity of coronary artery lesions. The ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve (AUC) of serum YKL-40 in the diagnosis of a high Gensini score was 0.73; The AUC of NLR in the diagnosis of a high Gensini score was 0.694. Conclusion: Both serum YKL-40 and NLR correlated with coronary artery lesion degree in STEMI patients, and serum YKL-40 was a better predictor of coronary artery lesion degree in STEMI patients than NLR.
Tool Positioning in Five Axis Machining on a Tensor Product Surface using Circular Rays
Authors: Singh Mukmeet , Bedi Sanjeev , Mann Stephen 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we give a method for positioning a toroidal tool on a tensor product surface with two points of contact. By firing vertical rays and circular rays from the tensor product surface to the toroidal cutting surface, we can find these two points of contact by solving only quadratic equations, whereas previous methods typically solve transcendental equations using iterative methods. The new method is faster than the methods presented in literature and is independent of the method used to define the part surface. In addition to general applicability, test results on three sample surfaces are presented.
Glyphosate-based Herbicide (GBH) Causes Damage in Embryo-larval Stages of Zebrafish (Danio Rerio)
Authors: Ames Jaíne , Severo Eduardo Stringini , Costa-Silva Dennis Guilherme da , Storck Tamiris Rosso , Amaral Aline Monique Blank do , Miragem Antônio Azambuja , Rosemberg Denis Broock , Loro Vânia 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Glyphosate-Based Herbicides (GBH) show risks to the environment and also to aquatic organisms, such as fish. The present work aimed to evaluate the effects of GBH exposure on Danio rerio embryos at drinking water concentrations. Zebrafish embryos were exposed to 250, 500, and 1000 µg/L of Roundup Original DI® for 96 hours. Glyphosate concentration in water, parameters physicochemical water, mortality, hatching rate, heart rate, malformations, behavior, and biomarkers were evaluated. Our results showed that at 6 hours post-fertilization (hpf), the animals exposed to GBH 500 increased mortality as compared to the control. The hatching rate increased in all groups exposed at 48 hpf as compared to the control group. The embryos exposed did not present changes in the spontaneous movement and touch response. Exposed groups demonstrated a higher number of malformations in fish embryos as compared to the control. Most malformations were: pericardial edema, yolk sac edema, body malformations, and curvature of the spine. In heart rate, we can see that bradycardia occurred in groups exposed, as predicted due to cardiac abnormalities. We recorded a significant decrease in GST (GBH 250 and GBH 500) and AChE (GBH 250) activity. No differences were found between the groups in the concentration of protein, ACAP, TBARS, ROS, NPSH, and catalase. The damage in all evaluated stages of development was aggravated by the mortality and malformations. The large-scale use of GBHs, coupled with the permissiveness of its presence could be the cause damage to the aquatic environment affecting the embryonic development of non-target organisms.