bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trajectories of child mental health, physical activity and screen-time during the COVID-19 pandemic considering different family situations: results from a longitudinal birth cohort.
Authors: Kurz Deborah , Braig Stephanie , Genuneit Jon , Rothenbacher Dietrich 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: Many authors described a significant mental health burden of children and adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic, possibly moderated by social disparities. This analysis explores if pre-pandemic family circumstances might be related to different aspects of child health during the pandemic.
Methods: We analyzed trajectories of health related outcomes in children aged 5 to 9 years (T7 to T11) using the Ulm SPATZ Health study, a population based birth cohort study (baseline 04/2012-05/2013) conducted in the South of Germany. Outcomes were children`s mental health, quality of life, and lifestyle, such as screen-time, and physical activity. We conducted descriptive statistics of maternal and child characteristics before and throughout the pandemic. We defined three different groups of pre-pandemic family situations and used adjusted mixed models to estimate differences in means associated to the time during the pandemic vs. before the pandemic in (a) all children and in (b) children belonging to specific pre-pandemic family situations.
Results: We analyzed data of n=588 children from whom at least one questionnaire was completed between T7 and T11. When not considering pre-pandemic family situation, adjusted mixed models showed statistically significant lower mean scores of health-related quality of life among girls during vs. before the COVID-19 pandemic (difference in mean (b): -3.9 (95% confidence interval (CI): -6.4, -1.4). There were no substantial differences in mental health, in screen-time, and in physical activity neither in boys nor in girls. When considering pre-pandemic family situation boys with mothers having symptoms of depression or anxiety showed a substantial loss of health-related quality of life in the subscale friends (b: -10.5 (95% CI: -19.7, -1.4). Among girls of this group 60% of the 15 assessed outcomes were negatively associated with a remarkable loss in health related quality of life (e.g. KINDL-physical well-being difference in means: -12.2 (95% CI: -18.9, -5.4)). Furthermore, a substantial increase in screen-time was found (+2.9 h (95% CI: 0.3, 5.6)).
Conclusion: Our results suggest that the health (and behavior) of primary school-aged children is possibly impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic with adverse consequences differing by gender and very likely by pre-pandemic family situation. Especially in girls having a mother with depression or anxiety symptoms the adverse consequences of the pandemic on mental health seem to be aggregated. Boys showed fewer adverse trajectories and it needs to be further assessed which factors exactly are behind the (socioeconomic) factors such as maternal working habits and limited living space when analyzing the effect of the pandemic on children’s health.
Transformation to small cell lung cancer is irrespective of EGFR and accelerated by SMAD4-mediated ASCL1 transcription independently of RB1 in non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Ding Xi , Shi Min-xing , Liu Di , Cao Jing-xue , Zhang Kai-xuan , Zhang Run-dong , Zhang Li-ping , Ai Kai-xing , Su Bo , Zhang Jie 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Histological transformation to small cell lung cancer (SCLC) has been identified as a mechanism of TKIs resistance in EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the prevalence of transformation in EGFR-wildtype NSCLC and the mechanism are rarely understood.
Methods
We reviewed 1474 NSCLC patients to investigate the NSCLC-to-SCLC transformed cases and the basic clinical characteristics, driver gene status and disease course of them. To explore the potential functional genes in SCLC transformation, we obtained pre- and post-transformation specimens and subjected them to a multigene NGS panel involving 416 cancer-related genes. To validate the putative gene function, we established knocked-out models by CRISPR-Cas 9 in HCC827 and A549-TP53-/- cells and investigated the effects on tumor growth, drug sensitivity and neuroendocrine phenotype in vitro and in vivo. We also detected the expression level of protein and mRNA to explore the molecular mechanism involved.
Results
We firstly reported an incidence rate of 9.73% (11/113) of SCLC transformation in EGFR-wildtype NSCLC and demonstrated that SCLC transformation is irrespective of EGFR mutation status (P = 0.16). We sequenced 8 paired tumors and identified a series of mutant genes specially in transformed SCLC such as SMAD4, RICTOR and RET. We knocked out SMAD4 and RB1 in TP53-deficient NSCLC cells and firstly demonstrated that SMAD4 deficiency can accelerate SCLC transition by inducing neuroendocrine phenotype regardless of RB1 status. Further mechanical experiments identified the SMAD4 can regulate ASCL1 transcription competitively with Myc in NSCLC cells and Myc inhibitor acts as a potential subsequent treatment agent.
Conclusions
Transformation to SCLC is irrespective of EFGR status and can be accelerated by SMAD4 in non-small cell lung cancer. Myc inhibitor acts as a potential therapeutic drug for SMAD4-mediated resistant lung cancer.
Species Composition, Structure and Regeneration Status of Woody Plants and Anthropogenic Disturbances in Zijje Maryam Church Forest, Ethiopia
Authors: Gebreegziabher Berhane Gebreslassie , Mekonnen Amare Bitew , Wassie Wubetie Adinew , Ayalew Habtemaryam 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Our current study was conducted in Zijje Maryam Church forest, Ethiopia, to explore woody species composition, structure, regeneration status, and anthropogenic disturbances inside the sacred groves. The aforementioned information for adequate conservation and management of the church forest is not well documented. Fifteen main quadrats each having an area of 625m2(25m×25m) were used for vegetation and disturbance data collection. Determination of the sampled quadrants was based on the principle that minimum quadrats give the smallest possible area in which all species occurring in the church forest are present. All woody species with diameter at breast height (DBH) ≥ 2.5cm within the quadrat were identified, counted, and their height and DBH data were recorded. The criterion to start at DBH) ≥ 2.5cm was to exclude seedlings having DBH < 2.5 cm and height ≤ 0.6m. Sapling and seedling data were collected using 45 saplings and 45 seedling quadrat that measured 4 m2 and 1m2, respectively. Vegetation data analysis and ANOVA were used for statistical comparison. A total of 48 woody plant species belonging to 46 genera and 36 families were identified. Fabaceae was the dominant family containing 5 species followed by Rosaceae with 3 species. Total basal area of the church forest was 83.03m2 ha− 1. The density of seedlings, saplings, and matured woody species stem ha− 1 were 15555, 3833, and 865, respectively. Talking these densities, regeneration status of the forest was good. The Shannon diversity and evenness of woody plant species in the forest was high; 3.29 and 0.85, respectively. Juniperus procera 27.67 (9.22%) and Olea europaea were species with the highest IVI. Nearly, 22% of areas of the forest get disturbed and higher anthropogenic disturbances occurred near the edge of the forest. Gathering, clearing, and grazing are the major human disturbances that stakeholders need to tackle for conservation. Zijje Maryam church forest has heterogeneous species composition with varied seedlings and saplings. Therefore, local conservation policies recommended not only protect large forests, but also the small and valuable forests service to the needs of local people.
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Awareness among Females in the UAE: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Zaitoun Balkis , Kubaisi Abdullah Al , AlQattan Noora , Alassouli Yahya , Mohamed Alshaimaa , Alameeri Huriya , Mohammed Ghada 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) is a common hormonal disorder affecting females of reproductive age. Clinical guidelines recommend following diagnostic criteria of PCOS based on an appropriate assessment of patient’s clinical presentation and history. Sufficient awareness among population will prompt females to seek medical attention when necessary. This study aimed to assess knowledge and awareness about PCOS among females above the age of 18 in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), and to correlate the level of awareness with women's backgrounds, demographics, and education levels.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study involving interviews of 430 females using a 21-items questionnaire that assessed participants' awareness of PCOS as a term, its causes, symptoms, complications, treatment, and prevention. IBM® SPSS® Statistics version 23 was used for data analysis.
Results: Among 349 participants familiar with the term PCOS, only 21.74% showed sufficient awareness of the syndrome (95% CI = 17.77-25.71%). Being knowledgeable of PCOS was significantly associated with having a previous diagnosis (p=0.002) and with studying or working in a medical field (p<0.001). In addition, females who knew someone diagnosed with PCOS were 5 times more likely to be more aware compared to those who didn’t (95% CI = 2.5-10.8; p<0.001). Age, education level, and nationality showed no correlation with the level of awareness.
Conclusions: Overall, PCOS awareness level was insufficient in the study sample. Participants whose source of information was medical practitioners demonstrated more accurate knowledge. Accordingly, awareness of PCOS needs to be raised among females in the UAE, aiding early diagnosis and improving patient-oriented outcomes.
A study on villages of the planning of water infrastructure planning: 25 villages in Shaanxi Province as an example
Authors: Li Jing , Yu Ruoxi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This thesis provides a water infrastructure planning strategy based on an analysis and evaluation of the present situation, which more effectively integrates the current scenario of rural development while adjusting to the trend of population development and resource allocation in rural China. In the north-central area of Shaanxi Province, 25 villages were chosen for field study in order to get a comprehensive grasp of the population and land-use conditions. The size and population of the area needing sewage and drainage infrastructure are estimated by the projection of rural population decline and the projection of rural building land scale and land-use adjustment. On this basis, sewage and drainage facilities are subsequently planned, including the contents of a three-compartment septic tank, sedimentation tank, sewage network, and ecological treatment tank. This type of water infrastructure design may not only enhance the living environment of the region but also efficiently address the issues of water collection and agricultural irrigation in the desert tablelands, enabling the efficient use of resources and sustainable growth of the community.
Suitability of treated FS using Jatropha curcas on unplanted sand drying beds for agricultural use in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
Authors: Mmasi Doglas Benjamin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The huge amount of water in faecal sludge (FS) has been presented as one of the major faecal sludge management (FSM) challenges and concerns. Jatropha curcas (JC) has been adopted as a dewatering and disinfection solution for FS treatment. However, very little is known about the agricultural suitability of their physical–chemical characteristics, nutrient and pathogen levels. The agricultural suitability of by-products from the unplanted sand drying beds was investigated by assessing the physical–chemical parametric indices, Wilcox diagram and pathogen removal rate. The qualitative method was adopted for both untreated and treated FS samples. A total of 60 samples for dry sludge and 70 samples for both leachates from control and JC chambers were analyzed for three months. Its agricultural suitability was judged by the level of salinity and sodium hazard in leachate and pathogen levels. The results showed that the salinity level of leachate from the JC chamber falls under medium- and low-risk levels. The removal efficiency of Escherichia coli by JC in leachate was from 7 ± 2 × 109 CFU/g to 6 ± 1 × 102 CFU/100 mL. Treating FS with JC is suitable for reducing salinity and sodium hazards in leachate hence favourable for irrigation. Further treatment of dry sludge is required before being used for agriculture.
Passive monitoring of soluble pesticides linked to cannabis cultivation: a multi-scale analysis
Authors: Medel Ivan D. , Gabriel Mourad W. , Wengert Greta M. , Filigenzi Michael S. , Clifford Deana L. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Several studies have documented the use of pesticides in cannabis cultivation. In northern California, one of the top cannabis production regions, several studies have identified cannabis-related impacts on multiple terrestrial wildlife species. To date, research has not focused on the potential for cannabis-related pesticides to contaminate downstream waterways and aquatic species. We conducted a two-part multi-scale study utilizing polar organic chemical integrative samplers (POCIS) to monitor pesticide contamination (1) immediately downstream and upstream of illegal public land cannabis cultivation complexes in low-order tributaries and (2) below a gradient of private land cannabis cultivation operations within higher-order streams. Diazinon and carbofuran were confirmed within sensitive headwater streams downstream of illegal public land cultivation sites in remote settings within four National Forests. Diazinon demonstrated higher downstream transport potential, with overland and in-stream flow distances totaling up to 186 m downstream of cultivation areas. While carbofuran displayed greater temporal longevity, being detected over 490 days after the last estimated pesticide application, no positive detections were identified within POCIS deployed within higher-order catchments. The utility of targeted POCIS deployed within low-order catchments is validated and confirms downstream cannabis-related water contamination on National Forest lands.
Effect Of Acetaldehyde On Aggregation Of Neuronal Tau
Authors: He Rong-Qiao , Luo Jian-Ying 
Published: November 2022

Abstract:
Acetaldehyde at a low concentration (0.25%) induces recombinant tau polymeriz.ation distinguishably without using chemic.al cross-linker disuccinimidyl su (DSS). The aggregation of the hyperphosphorylated tau occurs in the solution of acetaldehyde at 0.05%. It appears that formation of neurofibrillary tangles in alcoholics may be correlated to acetaldehyde besides alcoho and the abnormal tau phosphorylation may accelerate acetaldehyde-induced tau polymeriz.ation.
A Review of Antidepressant Effects and Mechanisms of Three Common
Herbal Medicines: Panax ginseng, Bupleurum chinense, and Gastrodia
elata
Authors: Mu Dan , Ma Qin 
Published: November 2022

Objectives:
Major depressive disorder (MDD) has been reported to affect an increasing
number of individuals due to the modern lifestyle. Because of its complicated mechanisms and recurrent
attacks, MDD is considered a refractory chronic disease. Although the mainstream therapy for
MDD is chemical drugs, they are not a panacea for MDD because of their expensiveness, associated
serious adverse reactions, and endless treatment courses. Hence, we studied three kinds of herbal medicines,
namely, Panax ginseng C.A. Mey (PGM), Bupleurum chinense DC (BCD), and Gastrodia elata
Blume (GEB), and reviewed the mechanisms underlying their antidepressant properties to provide a
reference for the development of antidepressants and clinical medications.

Methods:
An extensive range of medicinal, clinical, and chemistry databases and search engines were
used for our literature search. We searched the literature using certain web literature search engines,
including Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, CNKI (China National Knowledge Infrastructure),
and Web of Science

Results:
Experimental research found that active compounds of these three medicines exhibited good
antidepressant effects in vivo and in vitro. Clinical investigations revealed that single or combined
treatment of these medicines improved certain depressive symptoms. Antidepressant mechanisms are
summarized based on this research.

Conclusion:
The antidepressant mechanism of these three medicines includes but is not limited to
ameliorating inflammation within the brain, reversing the hypothalamic-pituitary adrenal axis (HPA)
system hyperfunction, inhibiting monoamine neurotransmitters reuptake, anti-neuron apoptosis and
preventing neurotoxicity, and regulating depressive-related pathways such as the BDNF pathway and
the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway.
Relationship Between Dark Triad, Coping Styles, Sensation Seeking And Substance Use Among Youth
Authors: Brajković Lovorka , Jelinčić Klara , Kopilaš Vanja 
Published: November 2022

Aims:
This study aimed to analyze the frequency of substance use in young people and to determine to what extent consumption is defined by the Dark triad of Personality, sensation seeking and stress coping styles.

Methods:
The study was conducted on 367 participants aged 18 to 30 years. The questionnaire was composed of the sociodemographic questionnaire, the Short Dark Triad (SD-3), Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced Inventory (COPE), and the Sensation Seeking Scale (SSS-V).

Results:
Our results showed that young people most frequently use marijuana, followed by psychostimulants (cocaine, speed, crystal methamphetamine), psychostimulants with hallucinogenic properties (MDMA) and finally hallucinogenic drugs (LSD, PCP). Reported alcohol use was moderate to frequent. Hierarchical regression analysis showed that statistically significant predictors of psychoactive substance use explaining 45.1% of total variance were age, gender, psychopathy, Machiavellianism, boredom susceptibility, disinhibition and experience seeking. Statistically significant predictors of alcohol use explaining 19.6% of total variance were avoidant coping, disinhibition and sensation seeking.

Conclusion:
These findings are useful in both the theoretical and practical domains of psychology in detecting groups at risk for later development of psychoactive substance use.
Meloxicam Performances for Copper Corrosion Inhibition in 1M
HNO3: Experimental and Theoretical Approaches
Authors: Donatien Ehouman Ahissan , Amara Bamba , Kalifa Mariko , Eric Kouakou , Massogbè Diabate , Ali Sanou , Rodrigue Kouakou Adjoumani , Marius Niamien Paulin 
Published: November 2022

Background:
Copper is a metal that is widely used in many fields such as industry
and construction, etc. These different industrial sectors use acid solutions such as
nitric acid and hydrochloric acid, etc. The use of acid solutions in the industrial environment
causes degradation of materials. In recent decades, the use of corrosion inhibitors
has become very essential.

Objective:
The objective of our study is to test the performance of meloxicam as a copper
corrosion inhibitor in a nitric acid medium.

Methods:
The studies were conducted using the gravimetric method and density functional
theory (DFT) at B3LYP/6-311G (d, p) level of theory. The inhibitory efficiency
of the molecule increases with increasing concentration of Meloxicam, but decreases
with increasing temperature. The adsorption of the molecule on the copper surface follows
the Villamil model.

Results:
The thermodynamic quantities of adsorption and activation were determined
and discussed. Quantum chemical calculations have allowed determining the molecular
descriptors.

Conclusion:
There is a good agreement between the experimental and theoretical results.
Electrochemical studies are envisaged.
Incident early- and later-onset type 2 diabetes and risk of early- and later-onset cancer: prospective cohort study
Authors: Zhang Ying , Song Mingyang , Cao Yin , Eliassen A. Heather , Wolpin Brian M. , Stampfer Meir J. , Willett Walter C , Wu Kana , Ng Kimmie , Hu Frank B. , Giovannucci Edward L. 
Published: November 2022

<p> </p>
<p><strong>Objective</strong></p>
<p>We evaluated prospectively the association between incident early- (diagnosed under the age of 40 years) and later-onset type 2 diabetes, and early- (diagnosed before age 50) and later-onset cancer risk.</p>
<p><strong>Research Design and Methods</strong></p>
<p>We prospectively followed 228,073 eligible participants in the Nurses’ Health Studies for up to 38 years. Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using Cox models.</p>
<p><strong>Results</strong></p>
<p>We documented 18,290 type 2 diabetes, 6,520 early-onset cancer, and 36,907 later-onset cancer cases during follow-up. In fully-adjusted analyses, early-onset type 2 diabetes was associated with increased risk of early-onset total cancer (HR, 95%CI was 1.47, 1.06-2.04), diabetes-related cancer (2.11, 1.38-3.23), and obesity-related cancer (1.75, 1.08-2.82), and the risk elevations were restricted to those with BMI at age 18 of ≥21 kg/m2 (total cancer: 1.75, 1.20-2.56; diabetes-related cancer: 2.43, 1.50-3.94; obesity-related cancer: 1.84, 1.05-3.22). Early-onset type 2 diabetes was associated with higher risk of later-onset diabetes-related and obesity-related cancer specifically among individuals with higher BMI at age 18. Later-onset type 2 diabetes was associated with higher risk of later-onset total cancer (1.15, 1.11-1.20), diabetes-related cancer (1.17, 1.12-1.22), and obesity-related cancer (1.18, 1.13-1.24). In analyses based on refined timing, the HRs attenuated substantially with aging.</p>
<p><strong>Conclusions</strong></p>
<p>Incident early-onset type 2 diabetes was associated with increased risk of early-onset total cancer, and diabetes- and obesity-related cancer, especially in those with higher BMI at age 18. The impact of early-onset type 2 diabetes on cancer risk may be inherently stronger than that of later-onset type 2 diabetes.</p>
Association of Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate With Progression of Albuminuria in People With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Hanai Ko , Mori Tomomi , Yamamoto Yui , Yoshida Naoshi , Murata Hidekazu , Babazono Tetsuya 
Published: November 2022

<p> </p>
<p><strong>OBJECTIVE:</strong> To elucidate the association of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) at baseline with subsequent albuminuria development and progression in people with type 2 diabetes.</p>
<p><strong>RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS:</strong> This was a single-center, retrospective cohort study of 6,618 Japanese adults with type 2 diabetes and urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio of <300 mg/g, comprising 2,459 women and 4,159 men with a mean (± SD) age of 60 ± 12 years. The exposure was a baseline estimated GFR (eGFR, mL/min/1.73m2), treated as a categorical variable classified into five categories: ≥90, 75-90, 60-75, 45-60 and <45, as well as a continuous variable. The outcome was the category progression of albuminuria (i.e., from normoalbuminuria to micro- or macroalbuminuria, or from micro- to macroalbuminuria). The hazard ratios for the outcome were estimated using the multivariable Cox proportional hazards model. In the analysis treating baseline eGFR as a continuous variable, the multivariable-adjusted restricted cubic spline model was used.</p>
<p><strong>RESULTS:</strong> During the median follow-up period of 6.3 years, 1,190 reached the outcome. When people with a baseline eGFR of 75-90 mL/min/1.73m2 were considered the reference group, the hazard ratios (95% CI) for the outcome in those with a baseline eGFR of ≥90, 60-75, 45-60 and <45 mL/min/1.73m2 were 1.38 (1.14-1.66), 1.34 (1.14-1.58), 1.81 (1.50-2.20), and 2.37 (1.84-3.05), respectively. Furthermore, the inverse J-shaped curve was more clearly shown by the spline model.</p>
<p><strong>CONCLUSIONS:</strong> This study of Japanese adults with type 2 diabetes suggests that both a high and low GFR are implicated in the pathogenesis of albuminuria development and progression.</p>
<p> </p>