bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implant site development requirements in an advanced dental education program: A series of 290 implants
Authors: Muñoz Sergio , Johnson Thomas M. , Dutner Joseph M. , Lancaster Douglas D. , Lincicum Adam R. , Stancoven Brian W. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPurposeOur purpose was to assess the frequency and impact of various site development procedures provided before, during, and after implant placement in an advanced dental education program.MethodsWe evaluated all implant cases completed by two residents in each of three consecutive periodontics residency classes. Dependent variables included implant failure, complication occurrence, presence of radiographic bone loss, and need for tissue augmentation. We analyzed these outcomes against a panel of explanatory covariates.ResultsOur study sample involved 370 site development procedures at 290 implant sites in 160 patients. Three factors exhibited statistically significant associations with need for tissue augmentation: alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) (odds ratio [OR] 0.28; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.13, 0.57), immediate implant placement (IIP) (OR 0.21; 95% CI 0.10, 0.47), and implant submergence (OR 8.3; 95% CI 4.5, 15.3). Four factors predicted treatment complications: ARP (OR 6.1; 95% CI 1.3, 29.1), IIP (OR 6.1; 95% CI 1.06, 35.3), implant submergence (OR 5.3; 95% CI 1.1, 24.9), and mandibular arch (OR 31.3; 95% CI 1.9, 500). Anterior sites (OR 2.7; 95% CI 1.3, 5.8) were more likely to receive IIP.ConclusionsIn the evaluated sample, implant placement at a site exhibiting a favorable volume of native bone was rare. Seventy‐eight percent of sites received hard tissue grafting during the treatment phase. The use of ARP or IIP at tooth extraction reduced subsequent tissue augmentation requirements. Education and training in ARP and other site development procedures may enhance the clinical practice and treatment outcomes of implant surgeons.
Exploring a brief medical improvisational performing arts intervention for genetic counseling graduate students
Authors: Li Weilong , Scherr Courtney L. , Fenter Remington B. , Watson Katie L. , Wicklund Catherine A. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPsychosocial counseling is the foundation of genetic counseling. Genetic counseling students are required to receive in‐depth training on psychosocial counseling techniques. In other medical disciplines, “medical improv,” an educational method derived from improvisational theatre, has been used to allow trainees to practice clinical skills without also having to focus on medical knowledge they've not yet mastered. The present study aims to investigate the acceptability of medical improv as an educational tool for genetic counseling students. Fourteen genetic counseling students and new genetic counselors completed a 2‐hr medical improv workshop and participated in follow‐up interviews to discuss the workshop. Participants’ responses to the intervention were positive, with 92.9% of participants responding that they would recommend medical improv training to other genetic counseling students. Participants described the medical improv workshop as helping build psychosocial skills in a safe environment, which may facilitate the use of more advanced counseling skills in clinical situations. By training students to practice psychosocial skills and building students’ confidence, medical improv may help genetic counseling students and genetic counselors be more effective in challenging clinical situations, and to feel more comfortable in experimenting with new ideas and psychosocial techniques in their clinical practice.
South Korean counselors’ perceived multicultural counseling competence: Relationship with openness to experience, perceived general counseling competence, and multicultural counseling education/practice
Authors: Kim Minjeong , Cho Hwa Jin 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis study investigated variables related to the perceived multicultural counseling competence (MCC) of South Korean counselors. The relationship between perceived MCC and demographic information was explored, and effects of openness to experience, general counseling competence, and multicultural counseling education/practice on perceived MCC were examined. Results revealed no relationship with demographic information and perceived MCC and significant effects of general counseling competence and multucultural counseling education/practice on perceived MCC. Implications for multicultural counseling training and future research are discussed.
COVID salivary diagnostics: A comparative technical study
Authors: Nguyen‐Kim Hanh , Beckmann Christiane , Redondo Maurice , Ziliox Jérémy , Vallet Virginie , Berger‐Sturm Karin , Overbeck Jan Von , Alberi Auber Lavinia 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSince the beginning of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic, molecular diagnostics of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) have taken center stage in the detection of infected individuals for isolation purposes but also in the mass surveillance as a preventive strategy to contain the virus spread. While nasopharyngeal swabs (NPS) have remained the golden standard substrate, salivary diagnostic for SARS‐CoV‐2 has been proposed as an alternative and noninvasive measure in vulnerable individuals. Nevertheless, there is a widespread assumption that salivary reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) does not match the quality of testing using NPS and particular care should be taken in respect to food or beverage intake, when sampling saliva. Our study indicates that without any precaution in the selection of 190 patients, nor restriction over the time window of sampling, there is 99% match in the COVID‐19 positivity between NPS and saliva when using RT‐PCR, with a reported Delta in thermal cycles (Cts) values for the viral genes Envelope (E) and Open reading frame 1ab (Orf1ab) between 0 and 2, a 98.7% sensitivity and 100% specificity. This high accuracy is maintained in pooling configurations that can be used for mass‐testing purposes in professional and educational settings. The further advantage to using crude saliva as compared to NPS or mouthwash is that direct methods yield robust results. Overall, our study validates and promotes the use of salivary diagnostic for COVID‐19 eliminating the need of a medical practitioner for the sampling, resolving the unpleasantness of the NPS intervention and empowering the patient to do self‐testing in times of need.
Direction of non‐recoverable strain in the glenohumeral capsule following multiple anterior dislocations: Implications for anatomic Bankart repair
Authors: Takenaga Tetsuya , Yoshida Masahito , Chan Calvin K. , Musahl Volker , Debski Richard E. , Lin Albert 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe study aimed to analyze the direction of non‐recoverable strain and determine the optimal direction for anatomic capsular plication within four sub‐regions of the inferior glenohumeral capsule following multiple dislocations. Seven fresh‐frozen cadaveric shoulders were dissected. A grid of strain markers was affixed to the inferior glenohumeral capsule. Each joint was mounted in a 6‐degree‐of‐freedom robotic testing system and repeatedly dislocated in the anterior direction 10 times at 60° of abduction and 60° of external rotation of the glenohumeral joint. The 3D positions of the strain markers were compared before and after dislocations to define the non‐recoverable strain. The strain map was divided into four sub‐regions. The angles of deviation between each maximum principle strain vector and the anterior band of the inferior glenohumeral ligament (AB‐IGHL) or posterior band of the IGHL (PB‐IGHL) for the anterior and posterior regions of the capsule were determined. The mean direction of all strain vectors in each sub‐region was categorized. The direction of the non‐recoverable strain in the anterior‐band and anterior‐axillary‐pouch sub‐regions was categorized as parallel to the AB‐IGHL, whereas the posterior‐axillary‐pouch and posterior‐band sub‐regions were mostly perpendicular to the PB‐IGHL. Clinical Significance: Plication of the anteroinferior capsule parallel to the AB‐IGHL may be preferred during arthroscopic Bankart repair to restore anatomy; posteroinferior capsular plication may also be necessary and best performed perpendicular to the PB‐IGHL. The direction of the capsular injury remains the same irrespective of the number of dislocations. This study provides the scientific and quantitative rationale for an anatomic approach to capsular plication.
Implementation of a best‐practice guideline: Early enteral nutrition in a neuroscience intensive care unit
Authors: Barhorst Sunshine , Prior Richard M. , Kanter Daniel 
Published: May 2022

AbstractCurrent evidence suggests that early enteral nutrition is a best practice and leads to improved clinical outcomes. An evidence‐based practice project was implemented in a busy neurointensive care unit in a midwestern tertiary care facility that was designed to improve care by implementing the early nutrition portion of Guidelines for the Provision and Assessment of Nutrition Support Therapy in the Adult Critically Ill Patient: Society of Critical Care Medicine and the American Society for Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition. The Registered Nurses’ Association of Ontario's (RNAO) Toolkit: Implementation of Best Practice Guidelines (BPGs) was selected and followed to guide implementation and achieve optimal results. During a 90‐day implementation period, this project resulted in a 100% improvement in early nutrition. Interventions included the use of a series of cards that reminded the team to order enteral nutrition and prepacked bundles of nasogastric tube supplies. The RNAO toolkit served as a structured and effective step‐by‐step methodology for the implementation of a BPG.
Analysis of transition from intravenous iron sucrose to ferric carboxymaltose infusions in pediatric patients with intestinal failure
Authors: Kaenkumchorn Tanyaporn K. , Rosete Beatrice E. , Carlin Kristen , Fukasawa Shiho , Horslen Simon P. , Wendel Danielle 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundIron supplementation is required for pediatric patients with intestinal failure (IF). There is a paucity of literature on optimal iron formulation and outcomes in this patient population that requires ongoing supplementation. The aim of this study was to assess outcomes in pediatric patients with IF receiving iron sucrose (IS) vs ferric carboxymaltose (FCM) iron infusions.MethodsThis was a single‐center observational cohort study of pediatric patients with IF requiring ongoing intravenous iron supplementation. Patients were transitioned from IS to FCM as iron therapy. Longitudinal linear mixed‐effects models and generalized estimating equations were used to compare outcomes, including hematologic, iron, and growth parameters for 12‐month treatment duration on each iron formulation. Adverse effects were descriptively summarized.ResultsTwenty‐three patients were included. Sixteen received IS and later switched to FCM, five received IS only, and two received FCM only. Most patients' etiology of IF was short bowel syndrome (FCM: 81%, IS: 83%). No differences were seen over time for iron, hematologic, and growth metrics between IS and FCM. The median number of infusions over 12 months for those taking IS was 15 (interquartile range [IQR] = 13–26) and 2 for FCM (IQR = 1–2). Asymptomatic hypophosphatemia was noted in both groups. Similar central line–associated bloodstream infection rates were noted.ConclusionIS and FCM infusions both maintained hematologic and iron parameters with no significant difference noted between the two types of iron, though the number of FCM infusions was significantly less. No significant adverse effects were noted.
Association of antler asymmetry with hoof disease in elk
Authors: Wild Margaret A. , Sargeant Glen A. , Garrison Kyle , Conradson Dylan 
Published: May 2022

AbstractTreponeme‐associated hoof disease (TAHD) is an emergent disease of elk (Cervus canadensis) in the Pacific West of the United States. Although lesions are usually restricted to the feet, anecdotal reports suggested increased prevalence of abnormal antlers in affected elk. We used hunter harvest reports for 1,688 adult male elk harvested in southwestern Washington, USA, during 2016‐2018, to evaluate anecdotal reports. We used Akaike's Information Criterion to compare 18 logistic regression models describing the prevalence of asymmetrical antlers, indicated by unequal antler point counts. Our leading model (84% of model weight) described additive effects of TAHD (odds ratio = 1.91; 95% CI = [1.49, 2.44]) and maximum number of antler points. Confidence intervals overlapped zero for all other parameters, which described ecotypic, geographic, and age‐related effects. Effects of physical injury on antler development have been described elsewhere; however, injuries leading to instances of antler deformity do not have population‐level management implications. In contrast, we describe effects of a transmissible disease that was reported by hunters in >35% of adult male elk and was associated with an increase of ≥16 percentage points in the prevalence of gross asymmetry. Unequal point counts are quite common in elk with otherwise typical antlers and seem unlikely to attract public notice or be attributed to hoof lesions; thus, we suspect our results and anecdotal reports reflect more prominent deformities that are important to stakeholders who enjoy hunting and wildlife viewing.
The scavenger spyglass: how recruiting hunters to watch carrion boosts wildlife research
Authors: McTee Michael , Stone Katharine 
Published: May 2022

AbstractHunters support scavengers with seasonal pulses of carrion. If those hunters also deploy remote cameras at kill sites, they could simultaneously contribute data to wildlife research while gaining first‐hand knowledge of scavenger ecology. In 2018–2020, we recruited hunters to monitor carcasses and offal with remote cameras across western Montana, USA. We increased our sampling effort by also setting up cameras following successful elk (Cervus canadensis) hunts at a private ranch. Cameras recorded 19 scavenger species. Golden eagles (Aquila chrysaetos) appeared at 55% of sites, and 3 individuals wore auxiliary markers, demonstrating how hunters can augment efforts to detect tagged wildlife. Cameras also documented elusive predators (e.g., wolves [Canis lupus]) and a seasonality of scavenging among American black bears (Ursus americanus). At 42% of the sites, ≥1 cervid investigated the carrion within 1 m, a behavior that may transmit the prions associated with chronic wasting disease. Hunters are willing and competent citizen scientists that can help generate wildlife observations at a broad spatial scale.
Laryngeal, Pharyngeal and Respiratory Involvement in Palatal Tremor
Authors: Din‐Lovinescu Corina , Blitzer Andrew 
Published: May 2022

ObjectiveTo present cases of atypical palatal tremor (PT) and showcase the variable phenomenology of this condition.Study DesignRetrospective case series.ResultsPT, or palatal myoclonus, is a movement disorder characterized by brief, involuntary rhythmic muscular contractions of the soft palate. Variants of PT have been described and include synchronous tremors in other branchial arch derivatives including the larynx, pharynx, neck, face, jaw, ocular and also respiratory and trunk muscles. We present 3 cases, including clinical videos, of atypical PT with extra‐palatal manifestations, in addition to a brief discussion of the pathophysiology and management of this condition.ConclusionVariations of PT are of interest to the practicing otolaryngologist as the clinical spectrum of this condition is wide and can present with laryngeal, pharyngeal, respiratory and other head and neck manifestations.
The effects of Ni availability on H2 production and N2 fixation in a model unicellular diazotroph: The expression of hydrogenase and nitrogenase
Authors: Li Hsin‐Ting , Tuo Sing‐How , Lu Mei‐Chen , Ho Tung‐Yuan 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWe investigated the effects of Ni concentration on hydrogen (H2) net production and nitrogen (N2) fixation rates in a model unicellular diazotrophic cyanobacterium, Cyanothece. We quantified NiFe uptake hydrogenase of the diazotroph to examine how Ni deficiency affects the expression of hydrogenase and nitrogenase and N2 fixation rates. We found that Ni availability controls its H2 net production and the expression of HupL, the major subunit of the uptake hydrogenase. Low Ni availability induced low HupL expression levels while yielding high H2 net production, and vice versa. We also identified the threshold range of Ni concentrations that may differentiate low and high H2 net production patterns in the diazotroph. However, the substantial variations in Ni availability and H2 net production did not affect nitrogenase expression and N2 fixation rates in Cyanothece. From two independent studies in the Atlantic tropical and subtropical oceans, we found that dissolved Ni concentrations and H2 oversaturation percentage exhibited a statistically significant negative correlation, which is consistent with the findings of this culture study. Overall, these results indicate that Ni availability may affect H2 net production and concentrations in the euphotic zone of the oceanic regions. H2 concentrations may be used as a promising proxy to reflect N2 fixation activities in tropical and subtropical oceans only under Ni‐deficient conditions.
Biocatalytic quantification of α‐glucan in marine particulate organic matter
Authors: Steinke Nicola , Vidal‐Melgosa Silvia , Schultz‐Johansen Mikkel , Hehemann Jan‐Hendrik 
Published: May 2022

AbstractMarine algae drive the marine carbon cycle, converting carbon dioxide into organic material. A major component of this produced biomass is a variety of glycans. Marine α‐glucans include a range of storage glycans from red and green algae, bacteria, fungi, and animals. Although these compounds are likely to account for a high amount of the carbon stored in the oceans they have not been quantified in marine samples so far. Here we present a method to extract and quantify α‐glucans (and compare it with the β‐glucan laminarin) in particulate organic matter from algal cultures and environmental samples using sequential physicochemical extraction and enzymes as α‐glucan‐specific probes. This enzymatic assay is more specific and less susceptible to side reactions than chemical hydrolysis. Using HPAEC‐PAD to detect the hydrolysis products allows for a glycan quantification in particulate marine samples down to a concentration of ≈2 µg/L. We measured glucans in three cultured microalgae as well as in marine particulate organic matter from the North Sea and western North Atlantic Ocean. While the β‐glucan laminarin from diatoms and brown algae is an essential component of marine carbon turnover, our results further indicate the significant contribution of starch‐like α‐glucans to marine particulate organic matter. Henceforth, the combination of glycan‐linkage‐specific enzymes and chromatographic hydrolysis product detection can provide a powerful tool in the exploration of marine glycans and their role in the global carbon cycle.
Dynamics of Nigral Iron Accumulation in Parkinson's Disease: From Diagnosis to Late Stage
Authors: Du Guangwei , Wang Ernest , Sica Christopher , Chen Hairong , De Jesus Sol , Lewis Mechelle M. , Kong Lan , Connor James , Mailman Richard B. , Huang Xuemei 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundHigher nigral iron has been reported in Parkinson's disease (PD).ObjectiveThe aim is to understand the dynamics of nigral iron accumulation in PD and its association with drug treatment.MethodsSusceptibility magnetic resonance imaging data were obtained from 79 controls and 18 drug‐naive (PDDN) and 87 drug‐treated (PDDT) PD patients. Regional brain iron in basal ganglia and cerebellar structures was estimated using quantitative susceptibility mapping. Nigral iron was compared between PDDN and PDDT subgroups defined by disease duration (early [PDE, <2 years], middle [PDM, 2–6 years], and later [PDL, >6 years]). Associations with both disease duration and types of antiparkinson drugs were explored using regression analysis.ResultsCompared to controls, PDDN had lower iron in the substantia nigra (P = 0.018), caudate nucleus (P = 0.038), and globus pallidus (P = 0.01) but not in the putamen or red nucleus. In contrast, PDDT had higher iron in the nigra (P < 0.001) but not in other regions, compared to either controls or PDDN. Iron in the nigra increased with disease duration (PDE > PDDN [P = 0.001], PDM > PDE [P = 0.045]) except for PDM versus PDL (P = 0.226). Levodopa usage was associated with higher (P = 0.013) nigral iron, whereas lower nigral iron was correlated with selegiline usage (P = 0.030).ConclusionNigral iron is lower before the start of dopaminergic medication and then increases throughout the disease until it plateaus at late stages, suggesting increased iron may not be an etiological factor. Interestingly, PD medications may have differential associations with iron accumulation that need further investigation. © 2022 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Molecular heterogeneity of β‐thalassemia variants in the Eastern region of Morocco
Authors: Belmokhtar Ihab , Lhousni Saida , Elidrissi Errahhali Mounia , Ghanam Ayad , Elidrissi Errahhali Manal , Sidqi Zaina , Ouarzane Meryem , Charif Majida , Bellaoui Mohammed , Boulouiz Redouane , Benajiba Noufissa 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundβ‐thalassemia syndromes are the most common hereditary blood disorders in the world and are recognized as a major health problem in Morocco. They are characterized by the reduction or the absence of β‐globin chain synthesis. The severity of the disease depends on the nature of the variants affecting the β‐globin gene (HBB), and each ethnic group has its own mutation spectrum. Hereby, we present, for the first time, the molecular profile of β‐thalassemia in the Eastern region of Morocco.MethodsThis study concerns 39 cases from 33 families who were enrolled in the BRO Biobank. Nineteen were diagnosed with β‐thalassemia major and 20 with β‐thalassemia minor. To detect mutations of the β‐globin gene, we have used RFLP‐PCR and Sanger sequencing.ResultsNine known β‐thalassemia variants have been identified. Among these, we reported, for the first time in the Moroccan population, the Czechoslovakian variant C38/39(‐C) at homozygous state. The C39(C > T) was the most frequent variant (72.54%), followed by FSC5(‐CT) (5.88%), FSC6(−A), IVS‐1‐110(G > A), −29(A > G), C38/39(‐C) (3.92% each), and finally by IVS‐I‐1(G > A), IVS‐II‐1(G > A), and −56(G > C) (1.96%). Of particular interest this mutational spectrum of β‐thalassemia is very different from that found in previous studies in Morocco or in other North African countries.ConclusionThis study is the first contribution to the description of the molecular profile of β‐thalassemia in the Eastern region of Morocco. It shows the high molecular heterogeneity of β‐thalassemia in our country. Therefore, these results can be valuable for the implementation of carrier screening, genetic counseling, and prenatal diagnosis programs.