bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring factors that impact physical science doctoral student role identities through a multiple case study approach
Authors: McAlister Anne M. , Lilly Sarah , Chiu Jennifer L. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWe explore how physical science doctoral students navigate their role identities throughout their graduate programme. Physical science doctoral students take on many academic roles in addition to the role of scientist, including researcher, educator, and student. When social expectations of roles become internalized, they become role identities. We examined doctoral students' academic role identities as a complex system to unpack factors that constrain the behavior and define the nature of doctoral students' academic role identities. This multiple case study used open‐ended reflective questions and narrative‐style interviews with eight physical science doctoral students to explore how physical science doctoral students navigate their role identities throughout their graduate programme and the factors that may influence these identities. Responses to the reflective questions and narrative interview transcripts were qualitatively coded and salient themes are drawn through cross‐case analysis. Themes were compared across data sources to further validate the findings. Participants ascribed the most value to researcher and student identities and the least value to an educator identity. Time spent in a role, institutional recognition, advisor relationships, community in graduate school, and interest were factors that participants perceived to influence their role identities, along with the gender identity of women. Implications highlight the ways in which institutions may be able to support doctoral students in graduate school, including increased support for time management, equitable opportunities for authentic research experiences, equitable support in advisor relationships, and the importance of intentionally fostering community within science departments.
Australian cardiac sonographers' use of industry guidelines when performing a transthoracic echocardiogram
Authors: Clark Amy Maree , Quinton Ann Elizabeth , Alphonse Jennifer 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIntroductionClinical practice guidelines (CPG) are a component of evidence‐based practice allowing standardisation across departments and individuals' skill levels. Australian Cardiac Sonographers (ACS) are not obliged to follow specific CPG when performing a transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE). This research aimed to determine guidelines/workplace protocols ACS follow when performing a TTE, and what attitudes, subjective norms and perceived behavioural controls exist that may prevent adherence to guidelines.MethodsA national mixed methods online survey, exploring adherence to and opinions of guideline use when performing a TTE. The ‘Theory of Planned Behaviour’ model (attitudes, subjective norms and perceived behavioural controls) was used to develop the survey.ResultsOf n = 131 ACS, 73% reported following a mix of guidelines, practice protocol and doctor preference when performing TTE. The majority followed the American Society of Echocardiography (ASE) guidelines (59%), considered guidelines beneficial (84%) and felt encouraged to adhere to them (56%). Most however (61%) reported finding measurement or pathology discrepancies with their own TTE studies compared with those performed at other practices. Factors negatively influencing guideline adherence included insufficient guideline education, time constraints for scanning and education, leadership influence and lack of quality control. These factors were considered largely workplace dependant.ConclusionWhile the majority of ACS do not follow a single specific guideline when performing a TTE, ACS believe guidelines are important. Several negative influences may prevent adherence in different workplace environments. Further examination of national standardisation and education/quality control programs is recommended with observation of patient and economic outcomes.
Challenging the Notion ofCLILElitism: A Study of Secondary School Students' Motivation for ChoosingCLILin Norway
Authors: Bakken Jonas , Brevik Lisbeth M. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractContent and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) has been criticized for being elitist and increasing social differences. This study challenges the notion of elitism by investigating why lower secondary school students attending schools characterized by variations in socio‐economic status (SES) choose to apply for aCLILprogram. A content analysis was conducted of 85 motivation letters written by students as part of the application process to twoCLILprograms in Norway and of focus group interviews with 102 students during their first, second, or third years in these programs. The findings showed that the main motivation for applying to aCLILprogram at both schools was to improve English competence and be part of a positive, bilingual, and challenging learning environment. There were also important differences. For students at the school with highSES, the program was a good fit for their already internationally oriented lifestyle. However, students at the school with lowSESperceivedCLILas a step toward a brighter future through social mobility. These results show that a discussion of the possible elitism ofCLILeducation cannot be based solely on a comparison between the motivations and academic achievements of students inside and outsideCLILprograms.
Coordination Chemistry of Polynitriles, Part X. [Li{C5(CN)5}(H2O)]: Synthesis, Molecular and Crystal Structure of the Last Missing Alkali Metal Pentacyanocyclopentadienide
Authors: Nimax Patrick , Sünkel Karlheinz 
Published: July 2022

Abstract[Li{C5(CN)5}(H2O)] was prepared by salt metathesis between LiCl and [Ag{C5(CN)5}], followed by recrystallization from methanol. The compound crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Pnma and forms a coordination polymer. Three cyano substituents in 1,2,3 position coordinate to three different lithium ions forming a ribbon structure with adjacent 14‐membered rings, while the remaining two cyano groups act as hydrogen bond acceptors towards two water hydrogen atoms of a neighboring ribbon. As a consequence, a wavy sheet structure results.
Global General Land Use Cover Datasets with a Single Date
Authors: García-Álvarez David , Lara Hinojosa Javier , Quintero Villaraso Jaime 
Published: July 2022

AbstractGlobal general Land Use and Land Cover (LUC) datasets map all land uses and covers across the globe, without focusing on any specific use or cover. This chapter only reviews those datasets available for one single date, which have not been updated over time. Seven different datasets are described in detail. Two other ones were identified, but are not included in this review, because of its coarsens, which limits their utility: Mathews Global Vegetation/Land Use and GMRCA LULC. The first experiences in global LUC mapping date back to the 1990s, when leading research groups in the field produced the first global LUC maps at fine scales of 1 km spatial resolution: the UMD LC Classification and the Global Land Cover Characterization. Not long afterwards, in an attempt to build on these experiences and take them a stage further, an international partnership produced GLC2000 for the reference year 2000. These initial LUC mapping projects produced maps for just one reference year and were not continued or updated over time. Subsequent projects have mostly focused on the production of timeseries of global LUC maps, which allow us to study LUC change over time (see Chapter “Global General Land Use Cover Datasets with a Time Series of Maps”). As a result, there are relatively few single-date global LUC maps for recent years of reference. The latest projects and initiatives producing global LUC maps for single dates have focused on improving the accuracy of global LUC mapping and the use of crowdsourcing production strategies. The Geo-Wiki Hybrid and GLC-SHARE datasets built on the previous research in a bid to obtain more accurate global LUC maps by merging the data from existing datasets. OSM LULC is an ongoing test project that is trying to produce a global LUC map cheaply, using crowdsourced information provided by the Open Street Maps community. The other dataset reviewed here is the LADA LUC Map, which was developed for a specific thematic project (Land Degradation Assessment in Dryland). This dataset is not comparable to the others reviewed in this chapter in terms of its purpose and nature, as is clear from its coarse spatial resolution (5 arc minutes). We therefore believe that this dataset should not be considered part of initiatives to produce more accurate, more detailed land use maps at a global level.
Visualization and Communication of LUC Data
Authors: Escobar Francisco 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe increasing number of disciplines and public and private sectors interested in land use/land cover (LUC) information has boosted the demand for and the production of related cartographic products. However, the communicating power of the final maps may be impaired, if any of the cartographic transformations performed during the mapping process does not adapt well to the particular subject or area being mapped. This chapter takes the reader on a guided tour through the map production process, offering an overview of the cartographic language, the rules and practices that contribute to the success of the map as a communication tool and the most common forms in which LUC maps appear. Recent developments in geovisualization tools applied to LUC are also discussed.
Defining New Multiple $$\log \Gamma $$ -Type Functions
Authors: Marichal Jean-Luc , Zenaïdi Naïm 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn the previous chapter, we tested our results on some multiple
$$\log \Gamma $$

log
Γ
-type functions that are well-known special functions. It is clear, however, that there are many other multiple
$$\log \Gamma $$

log
Γ
-type functions that are still to be introduced and investigated, simply as principal indefinite sums of standard functions.
Further Examples
Authors: Marichal Jean-Luc , Zenaïdi Naïm 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe scope of applications of our theory is very wide since it applies to any function lying in the domain of the map Σ. In Chap. 10.1007/978-3-030-95088-0_10, we made a thorough study of some standard special functions. In Chap. 10.1007/978-3-030-95088-0_11, we defined and investigated new functions as principal indefinite sums of known functions. In the present chapter, we briefly discuss further examples that the reader may want to explore in more detail.
Uniqueness and Existence Results
Authors: Marichal Jean-Luc , Zenaïdi Naïm 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn this chapter, we establish Theorems 10.1007/978-3-030-95088-0_1#FPar4 and 10.1007/978-3-030-95088-0_1#FPar5 and show that, under the assumptions of these theorems, the sequence
$$n\mapsto f^p_n[g]$$

n
↦

f

n

p

[
g
]
converges uniformly on any bounded subset of
$$\mathbb {R}_+$$

ℝ

+

. We also discuss the particular case where the sequence n↦g(n) is summable. Lastly, we provide historical notes on Krull-Webster’s theory and some of its improvements.
Asymptotic Analysis
Authors: Marichal Jean-Luc , Zenaïdi Naïm 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe asymptotic behavior of the gamma function for large values of its argument can be summarized as follows: for any a ≥ 0, we have the following asymptotic equivalences (see Titchmarsh (The Theory of Functions, 2nd edn. Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1939, Section 1.87))
$$\displaystyle \begin{aligned} \Gamma (x+a) ~\sim ~ x^a\,\Gamma (x) \mbox{as }x\to \infty {\,},\end{aligned} $$

Γ
(
x
+
a
)

∼

x

a

Γ
(
x
)
as

x
→
∞

,

$$\displaystyle \begin{aligned}\Gamma (x) ~\sim ~ \sqrt {2\pi }{\,}e^{-x}x^{x-\frac {1}{2}} \mbox{as }x\to \infty {\,},\end{aligned} $$

Γ
(
x
)

∼

2
π

e

−
x

x

x
−

1

2

as

x
→
∞

,

$$\displaystyle \begin{aligned}\Gamma (x+1) ~\sim ~ \sqrt {2\pi x}{\,}e^{-x}x^x \mbox{as }x\to \infty {\,}, \end{aligned} $$

Γ
(
x
+
1
)

∼

2
π
x

e

−
x

x

x

as

x
→
∞

,
where both formulas (6.2) and (6.3) are known by the name Stirling’s formula.
Summary of the Main Results
Authors: Marichal Jean-Luc , Zenaïdi Naïm 
Published: July 2022

AbstractNow that we have collected a number of relevant results on multiple
$$\log \Gamma $$

log
Γ
-type functions, we naturally look forward to applying them on various examples, including not only special functions related to the gamma function but also many other useful functions of mathematical analysis. Such applications will be discussed in the next three chapters. But first and foremost, it is time to take stock of the new theory we have developed and summarize what we have found and learned thus far.
Measures to Improve Fish Passage Through a Turbine
Authors: Geiger Franz , Rutschmann Peter , Stoltz Ulli 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis chapter focuses on the topic of measures to improve the fish passage through a turbine. Based on applications at the bulb units of the FIThydro Testcases of Guma, Bannwil and Obernach cost efficient and simple to apply measures are analysed. In the following two methods are presented. Applying a numerical analysis of the downstream fish passage typical physical stressor variables as strike, shear and barotrauma can be identified and correlated to the biological impact on the fish. In the FIThydro project, Voith applied the method to a wide range of operating conditions to derive fish-passage hill-charts. These allow a judgment of the physical impact on fish, dependent on the operating condition of the turbine. The studies at the Obernach lab performed by the team of the Technical University of Munich, show another method to improve fish survival rates by influencing fish pathways through the turbine. These promising results can be used for the Induced Drift Application (IDA), which are described in detail.
Modelling of Habitat Changes Related to Hydropeaking with CASiMiR
Authors: Kopecki Ianina , Schneider Matthias , Schletterer Martin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe Upper Inn River is affected by hydropeaking. To mitigate hydropeaking impacts between the villages Ovella and Prutz the diversion hydropower plant GKI has been designed to buffer fast flow changes and divert water into a bypass tunnel. This Testcase enabled the comparison between the impacted and mitigated situation. We exemplify the application of the CASiMiR hydropeaking assessment module and quantify significant improvements of the fish-ecological situation.
Public Acceptance of Hydropower
Authors: Venus Terese E. , Hinzmann Mandy , Gerdes Holger 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPublic acceptance can play an important role in determining the trajectory of hydropower development and modernization as well as the adoption of mitigation measures. Particularly in the planning stages of hydropower projects and modernization, local public resistance may delay progress and completion. For this reason, it is important to understand how to study local public perceptions of hydropower to improve project implementation and reduce public resistance. This chapter provides an overview of public perception of hydropower projects, describes methods for studying public acceptance and presents an application of the Q-methodology in four Europe case studies from hydropower-intensive regions.
Working Conditions of Young People in Luxembourg – A Health Perspective
Authors: Sischka Philipp E. , Steffgen Georges 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis chapter addresses the working conditions and well-being of young employees working in Luxembourg. Data from the “Quality of Work” project – a project that aims to assess the work quality and its relationship with well-being – was used to describe the working situation of young people in Luxembourg. Within the Quality of Work project employment quality (income satisfaction, training opportunities, career advancement, job security, difficulty of job change, and work-life-conflict), job design (participation, feedback, autonomy), work intensity (mental demands, time pressure, emotional demands), social conditions (social support, mobbing, competition) and physical conditions (physical burden, risk of accident) are seen as key factors that contribute to employee’s health, well-being and motivation (work satisfaction, vigor, burnout, general well-being, health problems). Findings show that younger employees (i.e., between 16 and 29 years) perceive more training opportunities and stronger career advancement compared to employees in the older age groups. They also report more participation, feedback and social support compared to the older age groups. On the other side, young employees report higher levels of physical burden and risk of accident. With regard to well-being, young employees report higher levels of work satisfaction and lower level of physical health problems. Regression analyses showed that the associations of certain working conditions with different well-being dimensions were not the same for the different age groups. Work satisfaction of young employees seems to be less affected by lower career advancement and lower job security compared to employees in older age groups. The present study is the first to elucidate the moderating effect of age on the association between working conditions and well-being/health in Luxembourg.
Spielsucht als Herausforderung für Gesundheit und Wohlbefinden von Jugendlichen
Authors: König Andreas 
Published: July 2022

Zusammenfassung
Computerspiele haben sich als integrativer Bestandteil von Kultur und Freizeitverhalten Jugendlicher etabliert. Nach einem Überblick zum konkreten Nutzungsverhalten werden zunächst mögliche Vorteile des Computerspielens für das soziale und psychologische Wohlbefinden Jugendlicher, sowie bezüglich kognitiver Aspekte betrachtet. Hinsichtlich einer gesundheitsschädlichen Nutzung wird plädiert, zwischen exzessivem, problematischen und süchtigen Computerspielens zu unterscheiden und für die Jugendarbeit sinnvolle diagnostische Kriterien zu finden, die eine Loslösung der Fixierung auf reine Nutzungszeiten begünstigen. Nach aktuellem Forschungsstand scheint international etwa einer von 22 Jugendlichen von einer Computerspielsucht betroffen zu sein. Existierende Prävalenzahlen für Luxemburg und seine Anrainerstaaten werden ebenfalls berichtet. Individuelle, soziale, sowie spiel- und nutzungsbezogenen Risikofaktoren erhöhen die Wahrscheinlichkeit einer Suchtentwicklung. Die daran beteiligten psychologischen Mechanismen werden überblicksartig aus einer Kompensations-, einer Bedürfnis- und einer integrativ biopsychosozialen Perspektive beleuchtet. Nach einem kurzen Überblick über den wachsenden Überlappungsbereich zwischen Glücksspiel und Computerspielen mit seinen Herausforderungen für den Jugendschutz werden Implikationen für die Prävention problematischen Spielens bei Jugendlichen diskutiert.
Health and Well-being from a Psychological Perspective
Authors: Vögele Claus 
Published: July 2022

AbstractConcepts of health and well-being have evolved ever since ancient Greek and Roman history. Based on new approaches, which define health as the ability to adapt and manage even in the face of adversity, the concept of wellness can be understood as its proactive complement, which reflects our ability to fulfil our personal and collective human potential, and to pursue a joyful life. From this perspective, health and wellness, as complementary entities, would constitute the conceptual building blocks of well-being, which is conceived of as a state, not an ability. These considerations not only have theoretical but also practical implications in terms of the operationalisation and assessment of these concepts. It follows from this range of concepts for both health and well-being, that there is a similarly wide range of different assessments. In this chapter we provide a description, clarification and integration of these concepts from a Psychology perspective, highlighting areas that need further development and outlining complementary assessment approaches. Though overlapping in very many aspects we argue that health and well-being are related but nevertheless distinct concepts, which should be operationalized and assessed accordingly.
Konzepte, Strategien und Angebote des luxemburgischen Roten Kreuzes zur Förderung der Gesundheit und des Wohlbefindens von Jugendlichen
Authors: Deepen Marco 
Published: July 2022

ZusammenfassungIn Luxemburg befinden sich viele Jugendliche in materieller, gesundheitlicher oder sozialer Not. Ihre Notlagen haben unterschiedliche Ursachen. Wesentliche Hürden in der Jugendphase sind die Übergänge zum eigenen Wohnen, in den Arbeitsmarkt und in die bürgerschaftliche Teilhabe. Die Jugendlichen müssen Entwicklungsaufgaben bewältigen, um diese Transitionen zu meistern. Wenn sie nicht von Haus aus ausreichend für diese Aufgaben ausgestattet sind, kann das zu Umwegen, Unterstützungsbedarf oder gar zum Scheitern führen. Personale, sozioökonomische und soziale Ausstattungsmerkmale der Jugendlichen beeinflussen das Gelingen der Transitionen. Wohlbefinden und Gesundheit sind Gelingensfaktoren und gleichzeitig Resultat einer erfolgreichen Jugendphase.Für diejenigen Jugendlichen, die Unterstützung benötigen, bietet das luxemburgische Rote Kreuz vielfältige Dienste mit unterschiedlichen Strategien an: die non-formale Bildung, die Kinder- und Familienhilfe, die Soziale Arbeit und medizinische Unterstützung. Je nach Intensität und Ursprung der Situation wird ein spezifischer Dienst tätig. Ansatzpunkte konkreter Unterstützung sind die jeweiligen Transitionen, Entwicklungsaufgaben und Gelingensfaktoren.
Risk Behaviours: Tracking Youth Health and Well-Being in Bulgaria 2006–2018
Authors: Kotzeva Tatyana , Dimitrova E. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis paper aims to present the prevalence and trends of adolescents’ risky behaviours in Bulgaria over a 13-year period (2006–2018). Current tobacco smoking, drinking and alcohol abuse, current cannabis use, early sexual experience, and aggression towards schoolmates (bullying and fighting at school) are in the focus of research interest, using national representative data from the three waves (2006, 2014, 2018) of the Health Behaviour among School-Aged Children (HBSC) study. The descriptive and multivariate analysis reveals trends of decrease in smoking tobacco, excessive alcohol consumption (drunkenness), involvement in a physical fight, and the early start of sexual life as well as trends of an increase in regular alcohol consumption and cannabis use in a lifetime across the years. Additionally, the family context is a significant gradient in defining the prevalence of adolescents’ risk behaviours, in particular adolescents living in one-parent families and coming from high FAS families in Bulgaria are more likely to report risky behaviours compared to young people from low FAS families. The last part of the paper discusses the key areas for policy intervention in youth health and wellbeing in Bulgaria.
Latest developments in node-based shape optimization using Vertex Morphing parameterization
Authors: Antonau Ihar , Warnakulasuriya Suneth , Bletzinger Kai-Uwe , Bluhm Fabio Michael , Hojjat Majid , Wüchner Roland 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe latest updates on the Vertex Morphing technique for large optimization problems are shown in this work. Discussions about the challenges of node-based shape optimization in academic and industrial applications are included. The adaptive Vertex Morphing technique is demonstrated, which is easy to use in practice and allows the full exploitation of the potential of node-based shape optimization to find new designs in large-scale applications. We also show an efficient optimization method to handle different physical responses with many geometrical constraints. A state-of-the-art example of industrial importance supports the work.