bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterisation of the Multimodal Care Provided by Uk Chiropractors: a Survey
Authors: Walker Keith R , Swait Gabrielle 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Evidence indicates that chiropractors provide multimodal care. However this has not been characterised for any individual condition, other than low back pain and for maintenance/wellness care. It is also unclear how treatment approaches may be implemented over a course of care. The modalities utilised by chiropractors in the United Kingdom (UK) have not been evaluated since 1977. The study’s purpose was to characterise the initial phase of care, provided by chiropractors, for different presenting conditions.
Methods
A prospective longitudinal survey was conducted. Participating chiropractors recruited first time patients to the study and subsequently recorded in an electronic data collection form the care approaches used for each presenting condition. This was repeated for up to 4 consecutive visits over a maximum period of 1 month. Data were descriptively analysed to characterise the modalities used for each condition and whether these were introduced at the first visit, formed a core approach used at every visit, or were introduced at a later point within the early phase of care.
Results
137 chiropractors provided data from 3687 visits for different conditions. Multimodal care was provided across all different conditions. Most patients received manual therapy that included articular and soft tissue techniques. Exercise approaches were used for many patients, across most conditions. Pain education was used at a moderate level (more frequently than previously reported) for most conditions. A wide range of other approaches were used at lower frequencies. Some differences in approach between conditions were identified. Chiropractors usually introduced an intervention at the first visit, frequently continuing this as a core approach to the early phase of care. Exercise had a slightly greater tendency than other approaches to be introduced later.
Conclusions
This survey characterised for the first time the high level of multimodal care provided by participating chiropractors in the UK for all individual presenting conditions, across the initial phase of care. Limitation in the generalisability of the study findings may exist. The rationale for differences in multimodal care between conditions is unclear and the level of concordance with clinical guidelines and best evidence remains to be established.
Early Short-Term Rehabilitation Improves Patient Satisfaction For Total Knee Arthroplasty On Discharge: A Retrospective Observational Study
Authors: Guo Zheng , Lu Lintao , Wang Jian , Wang Cheng , Ma Xiaoyuan , Dai Guofeng 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Early initiated rehabilitation is generally thought to be conducive in achieving optimal results following total knee arthroplasty (TKA). However, the impact of early rehabilitation on patient satisfaction has not been elucidated. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of an early short-term rehabilitation by therapist on inpatient satisfaction and functional outcomes.Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 2 cohorts of patients who had undergone TKAs between November 1, 2020, and August 31, 2021. Patients in therapist group received a therapist-led rehabilitation program, while patients in conventional group received a common rehabilitation program guided by surgeons. The programs were both started on postoperative day (POD) 1 and lasted for 3 days. Outcomes included patient satisfaction, Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) pain score, range of motion (ROM) on POD4 and functional outcomes at 3 and 6 weeks postoperative.Results: A total of 113 patients (79% female) were included, with 59.2% were satisfied, and 40.8% dissatisfied. In the multivariable logistic regression analysis, therapist rehabilitation significantly improved the overall satisfaction (2.5; 95% CI, 1.1-5.7) and ROM (7.5°; 95% CI, 1.9-12.7) respectively, but reduced pain without a significance as well as the functional scores at 3 weeks after surgery. The multivariate adjusted smoothing spline plots between age and satisfaction percent showed therapist is more important for patients over 65 years.Conclusion: Early short-term therapist rehabilitation enhanced patient satisfaction and ROM during the inpatient time, especially for patients more than 65 years.
Immunohistochemical localization of MD2, a co-receptor of TLR4, in the adult mouse brain
Authors: Liang Huazheng , Li Zhen , Dong Qianyu , Wan Hanxi , Gao Xiaofei , Xiong Lize 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: MD2, a co-receptor of a classical proinflammatory protein TLR4 whose activation leads to neuroinflammation. It is widely accepted that TLR4 is expressed on the cell surface of microglia and astrocytes, and MD2 is expected to be expressed by these cells as well. However, our previous study showed that neurons from certain nuclei also expressed MD2. Whether MD2 is expressed by other brain nuclei is still unknown. It is the aim of the present study to map the distribution of MD2 positive cells in the adult mouse brain.Methods: Immunohistochemical staining against MD2 was completed to localize MD2 positive cells in the mouse brain by comparing the location of positive cells with the mouse brain atlas. Retrograde tracing and double immunofluorescence staining with both MD2 and TH were conducted to examine whether dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra projecting to the striatum were MD2 positive.Results: MD2 positive cells were found in the majority of mouse brain nuclei with clusters of cells in the olfactory bulb, cortices, the red nucleus, and cranial nuclei. Subcortical nuclei had heterogenous staining of MD2 with more prominent cells in the basolateral and the central amygdaloid nuclei. The ventral pallidum and the diagonal bands had positive cells with similar density and shape. Prominent cells were present in thalamic nuclei which were nearly homogenous, reticular formation of the brainstem where cells were dispersed with similar density. The hypothalamus had fewer outstanding cells compared with the thalamus. The red nucleus, the substantia nigra, and the ventral tegmental area in the pretectum had outstanding cells with the latter two containing dopaminergic neurons projecting to the striatum as shown in retrograde tracing and double fluorescence staining. Raphe, sensory cranial, and deep cerebellar nuclei also had MD2 positive cells with moderate density.Conclusion: MD2 is present not only in glial cells, but also in neurons. Some MD2 positive dopaminergic neurons in SNC and VTA projected to the striatum.
Construction of immune related prognostic model for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma based on single cell RNA-seq analysis
Authors: Chen Kai , Wang Qi , Liu Xinxin , Wang Feng , Ma Yongsu , Zhang Shupeng , Shao Zhijiang , Yang Yinmo , Tian Xiaodong 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
There are no reliable biomarkers for early diagnosis and prognosis evaluation in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Single cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) revealed tumor microenvironment heterogeneity in PDAC. This study aimed to construct immune-related prognostic model of PDAC based on scRNA-seq. Multiple scRNA-seq datasets for PDAC were retrieved from online databases and combined with scRNA-seq results from and our previous study. The malignant ductal cells were identified through calculating CNV scores. The common immune related signatures were identified to develop prognostic model using scRNA-seq and TCGA_PAAD datasets. The expression and distribution of key signature gene SPP1 was explored by scRNA-seq and multicolor immunohistochemistry. The robust markers of malignant ductal cells in PDAC were found. Five immune-related signatures, including SPP1, LINC00683, SNHG10, LINC00237, CASC19 were used to develop risk score formula to predict the overall survival of PDAC patients. We also constructed an easy-to-use nomogram, combining risk score, N stage, and margin status of PDAC. The expression level of SPP1 was related to the prognosis and immune regulators. In addition, we found that SPP1 was mainly expressed in ductal cells and macrophages in PDAC. In conclusion, we constructed a promising prognostic model based on immune related genes and LncRNAs for PDAC using scRNA-seq and TCGA_PAAD datasets.
SA-SI treatment：A potential method to maintain the quality and protein properties on mackerel (Pneumatophorus japonicus) during storage
Authors: LAN Weiqing , DU Jintao , LIU Lin , PU Tianting , ZHOU Yuxiao , XIE Jing 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The study investigated the effect of slurry ice (SI), slightly acidic electrolyzed water-slurry ice (SAEW-SI), antioxidants of bamboo leaves-slurry ice (AOB-SI), and slightly acidic electrolyzed water combined with antioxidants of bamboo leaves-slurry ice (SA-SI) on the protein characteristics and quality of mackerel. The results showed that SA-SI treatment significantly inhibited the growth of microorganisms (P < 0.05), which registered about 1.5 logarithm cycle lower than SI. Moreover, it was obtained that SA-SI treatment significantly inhibited (P < 0.05) the increase in carbonyl content, TCA-soluble peptide, myofibrillar fragmentation index (MFI) and surface hydrophobicity. Additionally, the results of SDS-PAGE and atomic force microscope (AFM) confirmed that SA-SI effectively delayed the degradation of myofibrillar protein, which were consistent with the results of the secondary and tertiary structure. Therefore, SA-SI might be a promising method which could delay the oxidation and the degradation of protein; thus, the excellent quality of mackerel was maintained with the best sensory evaluation.
Simulation of Performance Evaluation Model for Medical-Elderly Care Integrated Institutions Based on System Dynamics
Authors: Shi Yongqiang , Fan Fangfang , Zhang Zhiyong 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
This paper takes the Chinese medical-elderly care integration model as the background, and aims to quantitatively explore the impact of different investment levels on the performance of the medical-elderly care integrated institutions.
Methods
Using the method of system dynamics, this paper divides the performance evaluation system of the medical-elderly care integrated institutions into three subsystems: input subsystems, output subsystems, and result subsystems, establishes a system dynamics model of performance evaluation for the medical-elderly care integrated institutions. Then set the integrated medical-elderly care service content, human input, material input, and policy support as the key elements, and finally use Vensim PLE software for simulation.
Results
The four key elements have different degrees of improvement in the performance of the medical-elderly care integrated institutions. Among them, the integrated medical-elderly care service content and the human input have the most significant impact on the performance of institutions. The model simulation results show that the system appears emergence phenomenon: the improvement rate of the combined effect of multiple factors is always higher than the sum of the improvement rates of the individual factors.
Conclusion
The integration of service content and resource investment in the combination of medical and elderly care can promote the performance of elderly care institutions effectively. Policy support plays an important role in promoting the development of institutional medical-care integration models. Managers should formulate the development strategy of elderly care institutions from a systematic perspective, and pay attention to the integration of "medical" and "elderly care" resources.
Assessment of quality of commercially available some selected edible oils accessed in Ethiopia
Authors: Tolesa Leta Deressa , Chala Tolesa Fita , Abdi Gemechu Fikadu , Geleta Tekalign Kejela 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Objective
In the present study, an effort has been performed to determine trans fatty acid, free fatty acid, and cholesterol content of some selected edible oils in Ethiopia. Five brands of locally made different edible oil samples were purchased from super markets of Ethiopia. The quality of these edible oils was analyzed by evaluating their chemical properties such as acid, saponification and peroxide values using standard methods (titrimetric technique).
Results
The results of the study revealed that maximum and minimum acid value was 5.59 ± 0.02 mg/g for Beksa (Niger oil) and 0.11 ± 0.02 mg/g for Tena (sunflower) oil respectively. Similarly, the saponification value showed (223.2 ± 0.39 mg/kg) for Tena and (173.4 ± 0.46 mg/kg) for Beksa. The maximum peroxide value was observed in Lulu (vegetable oil; 11.67 ± 0.11 meq O2/kg) and minimum value found in Sunny (sunflower oil; 2.84 ± 0.05 meq O2/kg). The highest total free fatty acid as oleic acid was observed in Beksa (2.95 ± 0.03%) and lowest total free fatty acid in Tena oil (0.06 ± 0.03%). On the other hands, two trans fatty acids; oleic acid (C 18:1) and linoleic acid (C 18:2) were detected in the 5 edible oils by using GC method.
Relationship Between Poverty and Diet Among High School Students in Okinawa, Japan: a Cross-sectional Study Using a Questionnaire Survey Among High School Students and Their Parents
Authors: Kyan Yurika 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Because most Japanese high schools do not have school lunch programs, the students' meals depend on the economic situation of the household. However, few studies on the relation between diet and poverty have been conducted in Japanese high school students. This study aimed to clarify the relationship between poverty and diet among Japanese high school students. Methods: A cross-sectional study using a questionnaire survey was conducted among 2,792 pairs of high school students and their parents in Okinawa, Japan. High school students were asked about the frequency of breakfast intake and consumption of the following food groups: fish and meat, fish and meat products, vegetables, fruits, milk and dairy products, sweets, sugar-sweetened beverages, instant noodles, and fast food. Households with an income of less than 1.22 million yen were considered to belong to the poverty group, whereas those with higher income belonged to the non-poverty group. Chi-square tests and logistic regression analyses were performed to examine the association between poverty and diet. Results: The poverty group accounted for 18.5%. Compared to the non-poverty group, those in the poverty group had a higher OR for sugar-sweetened beverages (OR=1.38; 95% CI=1.04, 1.82), instant noodles (OR=3.10; 95% CI= 1.57, 6.13), fast food (OR=2.76; 95% CI=1.37, 5.54) more than once a day. This association remained significant even after adjusting for confounders. Conclusions: High school students in the poverty group tended to consume ultra-processed foods. These results suggest the need to provide high school students without school lunch programs in a healthy food environment that considers their socioeconomic status.
Re-defining the classification of heterotopic ossification of the elbow: A retrospective study
Authors: Wang Haochen , Zhu Yong , Lin Zhangyuan , Zhao Ruibo , Long Haitao , Cheng Liang 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background None of the existing classifications of heterotopic ossification (HO) of the elbow is based on anatomy, therefore they cannot accurately guide or predict excision. This study was to evaluate the anatomical morphology of HO of the elbow resulting from different etiologies and to propose a new HO classification system based on three-dimensional (3D) mapping technology. Methods We retrospectively included 76 cases of HO of the elbow from 2014 to 2021. All their demographic and etiologic information were collected and imported into medical imaging software. The distribution of the HO of the elbows and the 3D heat map was then created to evaluate the location and pattern of the HO. The volume of each HO based on mapping model and the length of the HO were measured to better analyze the characteristics of different types of HO. Results From the aggregated 3D image of the 76 HO cases, 85.53% have affected the dorsal side of the elbow, especially on the humeroulnar side (81.58%). And 26.32% have involved the anterior part of elbow, few cases were distributed among the radial head (10.53%) and olecranon fossa (1.32%). Subsequently, in accordance with the anatomical and morphological characteristics, a new HO classification of the elbow was proposed. The kappa score for inter- and intra-observer agreement of this classification system was 0.86 (95% CI, 0.72 -1.00) and 0.90 (95% CI, 0.78 -1.00), respectively. Conclusion This new HO classification system of the elbow may help surgeons to speculate the possible pathological anatomy and to design the best preoperative plan for excision.
CT-Based Deep Learning Enables Postoperative Recurrence Prediction for Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Wakiya Taiichi , Ishido Keinosuke , Kimura Norihisa , Nagase Hayato , Kanda Taishu , Ichiyama Sotaro , Soma Kenji , Matsuzaka Masashi , Sasaki Yoshihiro , Kubota Shunsuke , Fujita Hiroaki , Sawano Takeyuki , Umehara Yutaka , Wakasa Yusuke , Toyoki Yoshikazu , Hakamada Kenichi 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Preoperatively accurate evaluation of risk for postoperative recurrence contributes to maximizing the therapeutic success of surgical resection for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA). This study aimed to investigate the potential of deep learning (DL) algorithms for predicting postoperative early recurrence through the use of preoperative images. We collected the dataset, including preoperative plain computed tomography (CT) images, from 41 patients undergoing curative surgery for iCCA at multiple institutions. We built a CT patch-based predictive model using a residual convolutional neural network and used 5-fold cross-validation. The prediction accuracy of the model was analyzed. We defined early recurrence as recurrence within a year after surgical resection. Of the 41 patients, early recurrence was observed in 20 (48.8%). A total of 71,081 patches were extracted from the entire segmented tumor area of each patient. The average accuracy of the ResNet model for predicting early recurrence was 98.2% for the training dataset. In the validation dataset, the average sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were 97.8%, 94.0%, and 96.5%, respectively. Furthermore, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.994. Our CT-based DL model exhibited high predictive performance in projecting postoperative early recurrence, proposing a novel insight into iCCA management.
Effects of dual mycorrhizal inoculation on Pinus strobus seedlings are influenced by soil resource availability
Authors: Fahey Catherine , Bell F. Wayne , Antunes Pedro M. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
PURPOSE
Mycorrhizal interactions can drive plant productivity, diversity, and ecosystem function; however, gaps remain in our understanding of interactions among plants and different mycorrhizal types. Species in the Pinaceae primarily associate with ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi; however, some species can be colonized by arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi as rudimentary hosts. Interactions between plants and mycorrhizal fungi are expected to change along the mutualism-parasitism spectrum with changes in resource availability; however, the impacts of AM fungi on rudimentary hosts under different resource conditions are unknown.
METHODS
In this study, we assessed the individual and interactive effects of ECM and AM inoculation on Pinus strobus seedlings under factorial combinations of low, medium, or high nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) supply.
RESULTS
No AM colonization was observed at the end of the experiment; however, seedlings inoculated with AM fungi showed significantly reduced growth. AM inoculation also had the greatest effect on P. strobus tissue nutrient concentrations under low N fertilization including increased P and reduced Mn and N:P ratio. ECM colonization benefited P. strobus growth and P uptake, especially under low P availability, but ECM colonization rate itself was limited by low P. ECM colonization also improved seedling regulation of N:P ratio near optimum compared to uncolonized seedlings.
CONCLUSION
We conclude that the effects of ECM and AM inoculation on P. strobus are context dependent, which may have important implications for regeneration and early growth of P. strobus in natural and managed forests.
Peculiarities of Formation and Changes in the Rate of Tuberculosis Mortality in Altai Kray over Thirty-Year Period from 1991 to 2020
Authors: Smetanina E. A. , Smetanin A. G. 
Published: March 2022

The objective: to study the long-term changes (1991-2020) in tuberculosis mortality in population of Altai Kray and assess the impact of certain categories of citizens on the formation of this rate.Subjects and Methods: Statistical Forms no. 8, 30, and 33, statistical compilations, and medical scientific publications.Results. In order to analyze the curves reflecting changes in tuberculosis mortality in Altai Kray and Russia, these curves have been divided into three conventional periods. General trends have been identified but there are some peculiarities: a significant excess of the average longterm value of the rate versus this rate for whole of Russia; this rate increased faster in the conventional period of 1991-2005. Using the statistical method, it has been established that the formation of tuberculosis mortality rate in the population of Altai Kray was influenced by tuberculosis mortality rate in the Federal Penitentiary Service in 1997 and 1998 and in homeless people in 2005-2008.
Diapason of concomitant diseases in children with psoriasis
Authors: Valiev A. A. , Khaitov K. N. , Turdieva Sh. T. 
Published: March 2022

Introduction. Psoriasis is a common chronic immune-mediated inflammatory disease that affects the skin, nails, and joints. Despite the presence of many scientific and clinical studies, the problem of the prevalence of concomitant pathology in children with psoriasis, depending on the age category, remains poorly understood.Objective. Study of the type and frequency of detection of concomitant diseases in children and adolescents with psoriasis, depending on the age category.Materials and methods. Were examined 68 children with psoriasis from 5 to 18 years old, of both sexes, receiving treatment in a multidisciplinary clinic at the clinic of the Tashkent Pediatric Medical Institute. Anamnestic data were studied, general clinical studies were carried out, including biochemical and hormonal studies, depending on the type of concomitant pathology.Results. Studies have shown that most often concomitant diseases in psoriasis in children are characteristic of the adolescent group of patients, and the most common diseases were endocrine diseases (61.8%) in combination with metabolic disorders in the form of obesity of varying degrees (22.06%) and hyperlipidemia (16.2%). At the same time, in adolescents, the incidence of thyroid pathology is 1.7 times higher than in children from the younger age group, against the background of a high incidence of chronic diseases of the upper digestive tract (28.9% versus 17.4%). At the same time, malabsorption syndrome was more typical for children of the younger age group (13% versus 4.4%).Conclusion. The most common concomitant diseases are endocrine pathology (61.8%) against the background of metabolic disorders (38.2%), as well as chronic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract (25%), and the incidence of these pathologies increases with the age of children. These facts should be taken into account when carrying out complex medical and recreational work with these patients in an outpatient setting.