bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Machine learning aplicado al análisis del rendimiento de desarrollos de software
Authors: Gil-Vera Victor Daniel , Seguro-Gallego Cristian 
Published: May 2022

Las pruebas de rendimiento son determinantes para medir la calidad de los desarrollos de software, ya que permiten identificar aspectos que se deben mejorar en pro de alcanzar la satisfacción del cliente. El objetivo de este trabajo fue identificar la técnica óptima de Machine Learning para predecir si un desarrollo de software cumple o no con los criterios de aceptación del cliente. Se empleó una base de datos de información obtenida en pruebas de rendimiento a servicios web y la métrica de calidad F1-score. Se concluye que, a pesar de que la técnica de Random Forest obtuvo el mejor puntaje, no es correcto afirmar que sea la mejor técnica de Machine Learning; la cantidad y la calidad de los datos empleados en el entrenamiento desempeñan un papel de gran importancia, al igual que un procesamiento adecuado de la información.
Performance tests are crucial to measure the quality of software developments, since they allow identifying aspects to be improved in order to achieve customer satisfaction. The objective of this research was to identify the optimal Machine Learning technique to predict whether or not a software development meets the customer's acceptance criteria. A dataset with information obtained from web services performance tests and the F1-score quality metric were used. This paper concludes that, although the Random Forest technique obtained the best score, it is not correct to state that it is the best Machine Learning technique; the quantity and quality of the data used in the training play a very important role, as well as an adequate processing of the information.
Carga cognitiva y control atencional en puertorriqueños con trastorno obsesivocompulsivo
Authors: Santiago-Mejias Stephanie , Martinez Karen G. , Centeno Frances , Sellas Carlos 
Published: May 2022

Trasfondo:El control ejecutivo de la atención media la resolución de problemas y la acción voluntaria y está implicado en la regulación de las emociones. Se ha reportado que el control atencional está afectado en personas con trastorno obsesivo-compulsivo (TOC). Sin embargo, no se ha considerado la influencia de la carga cognitiva y la distracción en la ejecución de tareas, lo que pudiera tener un impacto en el control atencional. En este estudio evaluamos si la carga cognitiva alta y baja influyen en el control atencional de personas con TOC, en comparación con un grupo control. Método:Quince adultos puertorriqueños con TOC (M=31.60, DE=10.70) y 26 saludables (M=28.42, DE=10.73) participaron en el estudio. Se administró el Attention Network Test y una tarea de carga cognitiva para evaluar el control atencional. Resultados:No se observaron diferencias significativas en las puntuaciones de alerta, orientación y control atencional entre los grupos en ambas condiciones de carga cognitiva (p>0.05). Solo se observó una diferencia significativa en el control atencional de los participantes con TOC (z=1.99, p=0.047) y del grupo control (z=-2.83, p=0.005) durante tareas con carga cognitiva baja y alta. Conclusiones:Ambos grupos experimentaron menor interferencia de distractores bajo alta carga cognitiva, lo que sugiere un mayor control de la atención durante esta condición. Es posible que el aumento de carga cognitiva pueda reducir la distracción en puertorriqueños saludables y aquellos con TOC. Tomar en cuenta la carga cognitiva puede facilitar el entrenamiento cognitivo para el control atencional y aumentar la flexibilidad cognitiva, mejorando la respuesta al tratamiento.
Multifunctional Anti-Alzheimer’s Disease Effects of Natural Xanthone Derivatives: A Primary Structure-Activity Evaluation
Authors: Hu Xiaoyu , Liu Chan , Wang Kaichun , Zhao Lanxue , Qiu Yu , Chen Hongzhuan , Hu Jiangmiao , Xu Jianrong 
Published: May 2022

Background: A series of α-Mangostin (α-M) derivatives were designed and synthesized. α-M and four analogues were evaluated for their multifunctional anti-Alzheimer’s disease (anti-AD) effects on fibrillogenesis, microglial uptake, microglial degradation, and anti-neurotoxicity of Aβ, as well as LPS-induced neuroinflammation. The differences in bioactivities were analyzed to understand the structure-activity relationship for further modifications.Purpose: This study aims to investigate the anti-AD effects of α-M and elucidate its structure-activity relationship by comparing difference between α-M and several analogues.Methods: Aβ fibrillogenesis was detected by Thioflavin T fluorometric assay. The levels of Aβ1-42 and inflammatory cytokines were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Neuron viability was examined by the CCK-8 assay. The morphology of ZO-1 of bEnd.3 cultured in BV-2-conditioned medium was evaluated by immunofluorescence staining.Results: Aβ fibrillogenesis was significantly inhibited by co-incubation with α-M, Zcbd-2 or Zcbd-3. α-M, Zcbd-2, Zcbd-3, and Zcbd-4 decreased the levels of Aβ1-42 and inflammatory cytokines, and promoted Aβ uptake, degradation and anti-inflammation effects inflammation in microglia. α-M and Zcbd-3 protected neuron viability from Aβ-induced neurotoxicity, and preserved tight junction integrity of bEnd.3 against LPS-induced neuroinflammation.Conclusion: Zcbd-3 acted as α-M almost in all effects. The structure-activity analysis indicated that the 3-methyl-2-butenyl group at C-8 is essential for the bioactivity of α-M, while modifying the double hydroxylation at the C-2 position may improve the multifunctional anti-AD effects.
Long Short-Term Memory Network for Development and Simulation of Warfarin Dosing Model Based on Time Series Anticoagulant Data
Authors: Kuang Yun , Liu Yaxin , Pei Qi , Ning Xiaoyi , Zou Yi , Liu Liming , Song Long , Guo Chengxian , Sun Yuanyuan , Deng Kunhong , Zou Chan , Cao Dongsheng , Cui Yimin , Wu Chengkun , Yang Guoping 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundWarfarin is an effective treatment for thromboembolic disease but has a narrow therapeutic index, and dosage can differ tremendously among individuals. The study aimed to develop an individualized international normalized ratio (INR) model based on time series anticoagulant data and simulate individualized warfarin dosing.MethodsWe used a long short-term memory (LSTM) network to develop an individualized INR model based on data from 4,578 follow-up visits, including clinical and genetic factors from 624 patients whom we enrolled in our previous randomized controlled trial. The data of 158 patients who underwent valvular surgery and were included in a prospective registry study were used for external validation in the real world.ResultsThe prediction accuracy of LSTM_INR was 70.0%, which was much higher than that of MAPB_INR (maximum posterior Bayesian, 53.9%). Temporal variables were significant for LSTM_INR performance (51.7 vs. 70.0%, P &lt; 0.05). Genetic factors played an important role in predicting INR at the onset of therapy, while after 15 days of treatment, we found that it might unnecessary to detect genotypes for warfarin dosing. Using LSTM_INR, we successfully simulated individualized warfarin dosing and developed an application (AI-WAR) for individualized warfarin therapy.ConclusionThe results indicate that temporal variables are necessary to be considered in warfarin therapy, except for clinical factors and genetic factors. LSTM network may have great potential for long-term drug individualized therapy.Trial RegistrationNCT02211326; www.chictr.org.cn:ChiCTR2100052089.
Hybrid Assembly and Annotation of the Genome of the Indian Punica granatum, a Superfood
Authors: Usha Talambedu , Middha Sushil Kumar , Babu Dinesh , Goyal Arvind Kumar , Das Anupam J. , Saini Deepti , Sarangi Aditya , Krishnamurthy Venkatesh , Prasannakumar Mothukapalli Krishnareddy , Saini Deepak Kumar , Sidhalinghamurthy Kora Rudraiah 
Published: May 2022

The wonder fruit pomegranate (Punica granatum, family Lythraceae) is one of India’s economically important fruit crops that can grow in different agro-climatic conditions ranging from tropical to temperate regions. This study reports high-quality de novo draft hybrid genome assembly of diploid Punica cultivar “Bhagwa” and identifies its genomic features. This cultivar is most common among the farmers due to its high sustainability, glossy red color, soft seed, and nutraceutical properties with high market value. The draft genome assembly is about 361.76 Mb (N50 = 40 Mb), ∼9.0 Mb more than the genome size estimated by flow cytometry. The genome is 90.9% complete, and only 26.68% of the genome is occupied by transposable elements and has a relative abundance of 369.93 SSRs/Mb of the genome. A total of 30,803 proteins and their putative functions were predicted. Comparative whole-genome analysis revealed Eucalyptus grandis as the nearest neighbor. KEGG-KASS annotations indicated an abundance of genes involved in the biosynthesis of flavonoids, phenylpropanoids, and secondary metabolites, which are responsible for various medicinal properties of pomegranate, including anticancer, antihyperglycemic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities. The genome and gene annotations provide new insights into the pharmacological properties of the secondary metabolites synthesized in pomegranate. They will also serve as a valuable resource in mining biosynthetic pathways for key metabolites, novel genes, and variations associated with disease resistance, which can facilitate the breeding of new varieties with high yield and superior quality.
CD20+CD22+ADAM28+ B Cells in Tertiary Lymphoid Structures Promote Immunotherapy Response
Authors: Wu Zhenghao , Zhou Junjie , Xiao Yunxiao , Ming Jie , Zhou Jing , Dong Fang , Zhou Xiaoqi , Xu Zhuoshuo , Zhao Xiangwang , Lei Ping , Huang Tao 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundAs the indication for immunotherapy is rapidly expanding, it is crucial to accurately identify patients who are likely to respond. Infiltration of B cells into many tumor types correlates with a good response to immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy. However, B cells’ roles in the anti-tumor response are far from clear.MethodsBased on single-cell transcriptomic data for ICI-treated patients, we identified a B-cell cluster [BIR (ICI-Responsive B) cells] and described the phenotype, cell–cell communication, biological processes, gene signature, and prognosis value of BIR cells through bioinformatic analysis, tissue immunofluorescence, and animal experiments. Surgery samples from 12 non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) patients with adjuvant checkpoint blockade were evaluated as external validation.ResultsBIR cells were identified as a subset of CD20+CD22+ADAM28+ B cells with a memory phenotype. Bioinformatic analysis revealed that BIR cells had enhanced cell viability and epigenetic regulation, and that ALOX5AP, MIF, and PTPRC/CD45 expressed by myeloid cells may be critical coordinators of diverse biological processes of BIR cells. Immunofluorescence confirmed the presence of BIR cells in tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) in skin SCC, RCC, CRC, and breast cancer. BIR-associated gene signatures correlate with positive outcomes in patients with melanoma, glioblastoma, NSCLC, HNSCC, or RCC treated with ICI therapy, and BIR-cell density predicted NSCLC patients’ response to checkpoint immunotherapy. In line with this, melanoma-bearing mice depleted of BIR cells were resistant to ICIs.ConclusionsCD20+CD22+ADAM28+ BIR cells were present in cancer-associated TLS and promoted the response to ICI therapy.
15-Month Health Outcomes and the Related Risk Factors of Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients From Onset: A Cohort Study
Authors: Sun Liang-Liang , Wang Jian , Wang Yu-Sheng , Pan Xiao , Luo Jun , Liu Hua , Jiang Yi-Rou , Zhuang Xin , Lin Liang , Li Gan-Cheng , Zhao Jun-Wei , Wang Wei , Wang Yuan-Jing , Wang Zhi-Hao , Shan Hong-Biao , Chen Shuai-Shuai , Chen Jun-Lin , Xu Zhao-Wei , Bai Yong-Hai , Huang Hai , Xie Wei-Fen 
Published: May 2022

ObjectiveThe long-term impact of COVID-19 on patient health has been a recent focus. This study aims to determine the persistent symptoms and psychological conditions of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 15 months after onset, that patients first developed symptoms. The potential risk factors were also explored.MethodsA cohort of COVID-19 patients discharged from February 20, 2020 to March 31, 2020 was recruited. Follow-ups were conducted using validated questionnaires and psychological screening scales at 15 months after onset to evaluate the patients' health status. The risk factors for long-term health impacts and their associations with disease severity was analyzed.Findings534 COVID-19 patients were enrolled. The median age of the patients was 62.0 years old (IQR 52.0–70.0) and 295 were female (55.2%). The median time from onset to follow-up was 460.0 (451.0–467.0) days. Sleep disturbance (18.5%, 99/534) and fatigue (17.2%, 92/534) were the most common persistent symptoms. 6.4% (34/534) of the patients had depression, 9.2% (49/534) were anxious, 13.0% (70/534) had insomnia and 4.7% (25/534) suffered from post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Multivariate adjusted logistic regression analysis showed that glucocorticoid use during hospitalization (OR 3.58, 95% CI 1.12–11.44) was significantly associated with an increased risk of fatigue. The OR values for anxiety and sleep disorders were 2.36 (95% CI 1.07–5.20) and 2.16 (95% CI 1.13–4.14) in females to males. The OR value of PTSD was 25.6 (95% CI 3.3–198.4) in patients with persistent symptoms to those without persistent symptoms. No significant associations were observed between fatigue syndrome or adverse mental outcomes and disease severity.Conclusions15-month follow-up in this study demonstrated the need of extended rehabilitation intervention for complete recovery in COVID-19 patients.
The Effects of Propofol on a Human in vitro Blood-Brain Barrier Model
Authors: Hughes Jason M. , Neese Olivia R. , Bieber Dylan D. , Lewis Kirsten A. , Ahmadi Layla M. , Parsons Dustin W. , Canfield Scott G. 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundRecently, the safety of repeated and lengthy anesthesia administration has been called into question, a subset of these animal studies demonstrated that anesthetics induced blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction. The BBB is critical in protecting the brain parenchyma from the surrounding micro-vasculature. BBB breakdown and dysfunction has been observed in several neurodegenerative diseases and may contribute to both the initiation and the progression of the disease. In this study we utilize a human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) derived-BBB model, exhibiting near in vivo properties, to evaluate the effects of anesthetics on critical barrier properties.MethodsiPSC-derived brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs) expressed near in vivo barrier tightness assessed by trans-endothelial electrical resistance and para-cellular permeability. Efflux transporter activity was determined by substrate transport in the presence of specific inhibitors. Trans-cellular transport was measured utilizing large fluorescently tagged dextran. Tight junction localization in BMECs was evaluated with fluorescent microscopy. The anesthetic, propofol was exposed to BMECs at varying durations and concentrations and BBB properties were monitored post-exposure.ResultsFollowing propofol exposure, BMECs displayed reduced resistance and increased permeability indicative of a leaky barrier. Reduced barrier tightness and the dysregulation of occludin, a tight junction protein, were partly the result of an elevation in matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) levels. Efflux transporter activity and trans-cellular transport were unaffected by propofol exposure. Propofol induced barrier dysfunction was partially restored following matrix metalloproteinase inhibition.ConclusionFor the first time, we have demonstrated that propofol alters BBB integrity utilizing a human in vitro BBB model that displays key in vivo characteristics. A leaky BBB enables otherwise impermeable molecules such as pathogens and toxins the ability to reach vulnerable cell types of the brain parenchyma. A robust human in vitro BBB model will allow for the evaluation of several anesthetics at fluctuating clinical scenarios and to elucidate mechanisms with the goal of ultimately improving anesthesia safety.
Effects of Lysine–Lysine Dipeptide on Serum Amino Acid Profiles, Intestinal Morphology, and Microbiome in Suckling Piglets
Authors: Deng Yuankun , Han Hui , He Liuqin , Deng Dun , Wang Jing , Yin Yulong , Li Tiejun 
Published: May 2022

AimsSmall peptides are more energy-saving and efficiently absorbed compared to amino acids. Our study aimed to evaluate the effect of the Lys-Lys dipeptide on the improvement of growth performance, amino acid metabolism, and gut development in suckling piglets.Methods and ResultsTwenty-eight newborn suckling piglets were orally administrated with 0.1%, 1%, and 5% Lys-Lys dipeptide for 21 days. Our results showed that the Lys-Lys dipeptide has no significant effect on growth performance and intestinal morphology compared with the control group. We also found that the 1% Lys-Lys dipeptide significantly increased the concentrations of serum Lys, Thr, Phe, and Pro while decreasing Cys compared to the control group. Similarly, the 5% Lys-Lys dipeptide markedly increased the concentrations of serum Lys, Iso, Thr, Asp, Glu, and Pro compared to the control group. Moreover, the Lys-Lys dipeptide downregulated the expression of jejunal Slc7a1, Slc7a2, and Slc15a1 and ileal Slc7a2. Additionally, the Lys-Lys dipeptide decreased the microbiota richness indices and relative abundance of Bacteroidales.ConclusionIn this study, we found that the Lys-Lys dipeptide contributes to the metabolism of amino acids but failed to affect the growth performance of piglets. Additionally, the Lys-Lys dipeptide decreased the relative abundance of Bacteroidales. These results provide a theoretical for the future application and research of Lys-Lys dipeptide in intestinal development of suckling piglets.
Xylitol-Containing Chewing Gum Reduces Cariogenic and Periodontopathic Bacteria in Dental Plaque—Microbiome Investigation
Authors: Wu Yi-Fan , Salamanca Eisner , Chen I-Wen , Su Jo-Ning , Chen Yu-Che , Wang Sin Yu , Sun Ying-Sui , Teng Nai-Chia , Chang Wei-Jen 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundDental caries and periodontal disease remain the most prevalent oral health problems in the world. Chewing xylitol gum may help reduce the risk of caries and periodontitis for dental health benefits. However, little evidence has shown healthy food estimation by sequencing 16S rDNA in oral microbial communities. This study investigated the clinical effect of xylitol chewing gum on dental plaque accumulation and microbiota composition using the PacBio full-length sequencing platform in 24 young adults (N = 24). The participants were randomly assigned to xylitol chewing gum and control (no chewing gum) groups. Participants in the chewing gum group chewed ten pieces of gum (a total of 6.2 g xylitol/day). Dental plaque from all teeth was collected for weighing, measuring the pH value, and analysis of microbial communities at the beginning (baseline, M0) and end of the 2-week (effect, M1) study period.ResultsThe results suggested a 20% reduction in dental plaque accumulation (p &lt; 0.05) among participants chewing xylitol gum for 2 weeks, and the relative abundance of Firmicutes (a type of pathogenic bacteria associated with caries) decreased by 10.26% (p &lt; 0.05) and that of Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria (two types of pathogenic bacteria associated with periodontitis) decreased by 6.32% (p &lt; 0.001) and 1.66% (p &lt; 0.05), respectively. Moreover, the relative abundance of Fusobacteria was increased by 9.24% (p &lt; 0.001), which has been proven to have a higher proportion in dental plaque of healthy adults. However, the dental plaque pH value stayed in a healthy range for the two groups.ConclusionIn conclusion, chewing xylitol gum would benefit cariogenic and periodontal bacterial reduction in the oral cavity, which could help to prevent the diseases related to these bacteria.
External Application of a Nomogram to Predict Survival and Benefit of Peripheral Blood Inflammatory Indexes in Limited-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Wei Lijuan , Hou Qing , Liu Jianting , Yao Ningning , Liang Yu , Cao Xin , Sun Bochen , Li Hongwei , Xu Shuming , Cao Jianzhong 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundQi et al. recently proposed a nomogram to reveal the prognostic value of peripheral blood inflammatory indexes (named Risk) and predict overall survival (OS) in limited-stage small cell lung cancer (LS-SCLC). However, it hasn’t undergone external application so far. This study aimed to verify the role of Risk as a prognostic variable of OS and apply the nomogram externally.MethodsWe used a retrospective analysis of clinical data of 254 patients diagnosed as LS-SCLC in Shanxi Cancer Hospital from January 2015 to December 2018 to apply Qi’s nomogram externally. We also performed subgroup analysis to explore the predictive value of Risk. The model was evaluated in terms of discrimination (the area under the ROC curve (AUC ROC) and calibration (calibration plots).ResultsThe prognosis of patients with low-Risk was significantly better than those with high-Risk in our cohort (p&lt;0.01). The AUC of 1-, 2-, and 3-year OS was 0.644, 0.666, and 0.635, respectively. The calibration curve showed a nearly ideal calibration-slope of 1-, 2-, and 3-year OS (1.00 (0.41-1.59), 1.00 (0.54-1.46) and 1.00 (0.43-1.57), respectively).ConclusionThe external application of nomogram added Risk for predicting OS in LS-SCLC patients showed a moderate-to-good performance using a cohort with different case-mix characteristics. The external application confirmed the predictive value of Risk and the usefulness of the nomogram for the prediction of OS.