bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Topical Medicine Potency of Musa paradisiaca var. sapientum (L.) kuntze as Oral Gel for Wound Healing: An In Vitro, In Vivo Study
Authors: Budi Hendrik Setia , Anitasari Silvia , Ulfa Ninik Mas , Juliastuti Wisnu Setyari , Aljunaid Mohammed , Ramadan Doaa Elsayed , Muzari Koko , Shen Yung-Kang 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Objective Topical application of ambonese banana (Musa paradisiaca var. sapientum (L.) kuntze) stem sap gel (GEGPA) on the socket wound area showed an increase in the expression of platelet-derived growth factor-BB, while decrease in the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 and 9. The aim of this study is to achieve standard formulation of GEGPA through stability, viscosity, distribution area, and drugs release for oral gel wound healing.
Materials and Methods This is an in vitro and in vivo study with the randomized posttest only control group design. The gel was formulated according to the composition of each group by adding hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), Lexgard, propylene glycol, and cold water to obtain 100 g of gel. Observations were made through the following tests: stability, viscosity, distribution area, drug release, and histopathological analysis of tooth extraction wound healing.
Statistical analysis Data were analyzed using a one-way analysis of variance (α = 0.05) with GraphPad Prism-8 statistical software.
Results The study showed that the GEGPA formulation was stable against changes in consistency, color, smell, homogeneity, and pH value. There is a significant difference between groups with respect to viscosity (p = 0.0001), adhesion (p = 0.004), dispersion (p = 0.000), and fibroblast cell numbers on days 3 and 5 (p = 0.007 and p = 0.001). There is no interaction between the active ingredients and the gel base of all formulations. Formulation 3 had better properties in terms of viscosity, broad distribution, and drug release compared with other groups. Application of GEGPA to tooth extraction wounds showed a significant proliferation of fibroblast cells on days 3 and 5.
Conclusions The formulation of M. paradisiaca var. sapientum (L.) kuntze extract with HPMC and propylene glycol obtained a gel preparation, GEGPA, that was organoleptically stable and met the topical gel standard for wounds in the oral cavity.
Anchusa italica Retz. Hydro-Alcoholic Extract through Attenuation of Oxidative Stress Exerts an Anticonvulsant Effect on the Pentylenetetrazole-Induced Seizure in Mice
Authors: Rahimi-Madiseh Mohammad , Nasiri-Boroujeni Shakiba , Lorigooini Zahra , Nazari Meysam , Sadeghian Reihaneh , Rafieian-Kopaei Mahmoud , Amini-Khoei Hossein 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIntroduction It has been shown that oxidative stress is involved in the pathophysiology of seizure. Current anticonvulsants have side effects, thus further studies are needed to find new agents with low side effects. Anchusa italica Retz. has been suggested to have antioxidant and neuroprotective effects. The present study aimed to determine the anticonvulsant effects of A. italica hydro-alcoholic extract on pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced seizures in mice focusing on its possible antioxidative stress properties.Materials and Methods Sixty mice were randomly divided into six groups. The intervention groups received the A. italica extract at the doses of 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg, 30 minutes before the injection of PTZ, whereas the positive control group received phenobarbital. The seizure threshold was then recorded.Results A. italica extract significantly increased the seizure threshold. The extract significantly increased serum and prefrontal cortex total antioxidant capacity compared with the control group. The A. italica extract significantly reduced serum and prefrontal cortex malondialdehyde and nitrite levels compared with the control group.Conclusions The results showed the anticonvulsant effects of A. italica extracts on the PTZ-induced seizure in mice is partially due to the attenuation of oxidative stress.
Anxiety and Depression among Family Caregivers of Children with Epilepsy in Burkina Faso
Authors: Dabilgou Alfred Anselme , Dravé Alassane , Bague Boubacar , Kyelem Julie Marie Adeline , Belem Zowentalé , Napon Christian , Millogo Athanase , Karfo Kapouné , Kaboré Jean 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackground Epilepsy is a common and chronic neurological disorder influencing children's cognitive and behavioral performance. Primary caregivers of children with epilepsy (CWE) report high levels of depression and anxiety.Patients and Methods We performed a cross-sectional study on caregivers of CWE in the Neurology Department of Yalgado Ouédraogo University Teaching Hospital from May 7, 2020 to August 18, 2020. The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory scale and Beck Depression Inventory scale were assessed to screen anxiety and depression.Results One hundred caregivers with a mean age of 37.75 ± 10.69 years were included in the study. The majority of them were female gender (73%), aged <40 years (59%), and residing in rural areas (79%). Most of caregivers were female gender (73%) and the mothers of children (67%). The majority of CWE were boys (55%), having generalized epilepsy (55%) and epilepsy duration less than 6 years (74%). Anxiety was observed in 56%, depression in 27%, and both anxiety and depression in 23% of caregivers. The factors influencing anxiety among caregivers were female gender (p = 0.04), being patient's mothers (p = 0.04), and caring male patients (p = 0.04). The factors associated with caregiver's depression were being married (p = 0.03) and caring patients with five seizures per year (p = 0.04).Conclusion Our study revealed very high rates of anxiety and depressive disorder among caregivers of CWE in Burkina Faso.
Learning Needs Assessment of Postmenopausal Women in a Rural Community, Karnataka, India
Authors: Veigas Jacintha , K. Rajgopal , Sudhakar Christopher 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Introduction Every woman uniquely experiences menopause. The problems can be either well managed or prevented if a woman is well informed. Healthy women are productive and establish healthy families. It is important therefore to find out what a woman needs to learn about menopause.
Objective To determine the learning needs of the women at the postmenopausal period.
Materials and Methods The study adopted an exploratory approach using a cross-sectional design. The setting was selected conveniently. The investigator took a simple random sampling technique. Demographic proforma and learning needs assessment opinionnaire were used to collect data.
Results Most of the subjects (28.8%) were belonging to 51 to 55 years of age. The majority of the subjects (75%) attained menopause between the age of 41 and 50 years. More than third-fourth of the subjects (77.5%) were of a nuclear family. Eighty percent of the subjects were married. Around 68.8% had secondary education; 71.3% were housewives. Subjects had significant learning needs in the areas of “lifestyle modification” (mean % = 44.42) and “sexual health” (mean % = 35.75). Eighty-one percent felt that they needed to give more importance to their children than their health. Thirty-nine subjects ranked “prevention of bone loss and joint pain” as their first preference of learning, 19 ranked “mental health” as their seventh preference; and 20 subjects ranked “sexual health” as their eighth preference of education.
Conclusion There is a need to train women on lifestyle modification and the promotion of sexual health during the postmenopausal period. They do need information on the enhancement of physical and mental health.
Poor Accuracy of Intraoperation Medial Proximal Tibial Angle Measurement Compared to Alignment Rod Methods in Open-Wedge High Tibial Osteotomy for Medial Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Kubota Mitsuaki , Kim Yougji , Kaneko Haruka , Yoshida Keiichi , Ishijima Muneaki 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe alignment rod is widely used as an index for intraoperative alignment but alignment error is inevitable. The purpose of this study was to verify the accuracy of lower limb alignment correction by measurement of mechanical medial proximal tibial angle (MPTA) as an index in open-wedge high tibial osteotomy (OWHTO). This study was retrospective case series. This study involved 152 patients undergoing OWHTO for primary medial osteoarthritis. Alignment rod or MPTA measurement board was used as an index of optimal correction in OWHTO. Alignment rod was used from October 2013 to May 2017, and MPTA measurement board was used from June 2017 to April 2020. The correction using an alignment rod was that the weight-bearing line ratio (WBLR) passed through 62.5% of the tibial plateau which was defined as Fujisawa's point under intraoperative fluoroscopy (A rod group). The correction using MPTA measurement board was aligning the intraoperative MPTA to the preplanned angle (MPTA group). Preplanned optimal alignment was defined as Fujisawa's point in all patients. Knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome measure (KOOS), Knee Society scoring system objective knee score (KSS), 3-m timed up-and-go test (TUG), single-limb standing test (SLS), and isometric muscle strength of quadriceps and hamstrings were assessed as clinical results. WBLR, MPTA, joint-line convergence angle (JLCA), and joint-line obliquity (JLO) were assessed as radiological results preoperatively and at 1 year after surgery. The clinical and radiological results after OWHTO were compared with both groups. Postoperative WBLR in A rod group was closer to the target alignment (Fujisawa's point: 62.5) than in the MPTA group at all stage (A rod group vs. MPTA group: 63.1 vs. 54.6 at 6 months; 62.0 vs. 53.4 at 1 year; p < 0.001). There were no significant differences in the clinical results between both groups. The intraoperative measurement of medial proximal tibial angle has a risk of undercorrection after OWHTO. His study is a retrospective case series and reflects level of evidence IV.
Evaluation of Hypervascular Focal Liver Lesions Utilizing Virtual Monoenergetic Images from Third-Generation Dual-Source Dual-Energy Computed Tomography
Authors: Narappulan Niyas , Arunachalam Venkatesh Kasi , Alavandar Ezhilmathi , Selvaraja Swathigha , Renganathan Rupa , Cherian Mathew 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Objectives The purpose of our study was to evaluate the virtual monochromatic imaging in detecting hypervascular focal liver lesions in the late arterial phase with third-generation dual-source dual-energy computed tomography and to assess its image quality.
Materials and Methods In our study, 80 patients were included. Contrast-enhanced images in the late arterial phase (in the dual-energy mode) were acquired and were post-processed in Syngo, via workstation, using Monoenergetic + software. Five sets of images, one polychromatic energy image (corresponding to 120 kVp single-energy image) and four virtual monoenergetic image (VMI) sets at 40, 50, 60, and 70 keV levels, were generated. All these images were analyzed both objectively and subjectively. The attenuation values were measured, and the contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) of liver and tumor were measured and compared objectively in each dataset. Image noise, image contrast, and diagnostic confidence for liver lesion detection were analyzed subjectively using a five-point scale system. Statistical analysis was performed using Kolmogorov–Smirnov, analysis of variance, and Kruskal–Wallis tests.
Results Among the VMI, maximum image noise was observed in the 40 keV image, with a gradual reduction in the image noise being noted with an increase in the VMI energy. The CNR of the hepatic parenchyma and the tumor gradually increased with a reduction in VMI energy from 70 to 40 keV. On subjective analysis, image contrast and image noise were observed to be more in low VMI datasets. In lesion detection, diagnostic confidence with an excellent confidence level was observed with a decrease in VMI energy.
Conclusion VMI datasets of 40 to 70 keV from third-generation dual-source DECT provide superior diagnostic accuracy for detecting hypervascular liver lesions. Considering the image noise and lesion detection rate among the VMI datasets, 60 keV VMI is the most helpful dataset for increased liver lesion detection with good image quality.
Adult Left Colocolic Intussusception Successfully Managed by Left Hemicolectomy and Primary Anastomosis
Authors: Rajput Deepak , David Lena Elizabath , Sharma Oshin , Gupta Amit , Siddeek Rohik Anjum T. , Phulware Ravi Hari 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIntussusception, although quite common in children with the classic triad of cramping abdominal pain, bloody diarrhea, and palpable masses, is a rare cause of acute abdomen with myriad presentations in adults. It is defined as the telescoping of a proximal segment of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, called the intussusceptum, into the lumen of the adjacent distal segment of the GI tract, called intussuscipiens. Due to its different manifestations and time course, adult colonic intussusception often poses a diagnostic challenge for emergency doctors. The treatment of colonic intussusception in adults typically involves surgery, often with bowel resection and anastomosis followed by a defunctioning loop ileostomy. We report a case of left-sided colocolic intussusception secondary to a tubular adenoma as the lead point, which was successfully treated by resection and primary anastomosis. The pathological diagnosis of the lesion was reported as adenocarcinoma and resected bowel margins were found free of the tumor.
Principles and Available Hardware in DECT
Authors: Alavandar Ezhilmathi , Arunachalam Venkatesh Kasi , Narappulan Niyas , Mahadevan Gowtham S. , Kashyap Ravindar , Mehta Pankaj , Cherian Mathew 
Published: February 2022

AbstractComputed tomography (CT) has undergone a phenomenal evolution since its introduction in 1971 and has revolutionized diagnostic radiology. It is now the cornerstone of diagnostic imaging and has become an inevitable part of the management of patients. Among all the advancements and breakthroughs witnessed over the years, the most recent and most advanced is the dual-energy CT (DECT), also known as spectral CT, introduced in 2006. In DECT, two datasets are obtained by scanning with two different energy spectra (low and high energy). The difference in attenuation can differentiate materials with different elemental compositions but similar attenuation in single-energy CT. Therefore, it has widespread clinical applications based on its potential for material decomposition and virtual monoenergetic imaging. In this review, the principle and hardware of DECT will be presented with an overview of its clinical applications.
Role of Dual-Energy Computed Tomography in Gallbladder Disease: A Review
Authors: Singh Tarvinder , Gupta Pankaj 
Published: February 2022

AbstractGallbladder diseases are common and include a spectrum ranging from benign to cancer. Imaging plays an integral role in the diagnosis and in guiding appropriate management. While most patients with gallstone (GS) diseases can be evaluated with ultrasound, those with complicated GS disease, suspicion of cancer, or staging of cancer need additional cross-sectional imaging. Computed tomography (CT) is widely available and is often the imaging test of choice following an equivocal ultrasound or negative ultrasound in patients with unexplained symptoms. Conventional CT has limited sensitivity in detecting GS or common bile duct stones. In other scenarios, including diagnosis of acute cholecystitis (AC) and characterization of gallbladder wall thickening, an increase in accuracy using novel techniques is desirable. Dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) is increasingly incorporated into clinical practice. DECT has shown promising results in the detection of cholesterol stones that otherwise go unnoticed on conventional CT. However, its role beyond GS disease has largely been unexplored. In this review, we discuss the available literature on the DECT in biliary diseases and discuss the potential applications of this technique.
Preoperative Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Prior to Sleeve Gastrectomy: To Do, or Not to Do
Authors: Okay Nermin D. , Yıldız Barış D. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThere is controversy about the requirement of preoperative upper gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy for sleeve gastrectomy patients. The aim of this study is to understand the necessity of a preoperative upper GI endoscopy before sleeve gastrectomy. In this study, the incidental findings encountered in sleeve gastrectomy pathology specimens of a cohort of patients were analyzed. A total of 270 patients who had sleeve gastrectomy at Ankara Numune Teaching Hospital, General Surgery Clinic, between 2011 and 2016 were evaluated. Histopathological examination of sleeve gastrectomy specimens was performed. Chronic gastritis in 76.6% and intestinal metaplasia in 4.1% of patients were observed. A GI stromal tumor was found in one male patient. Also, an active gastric ulcer was detected in one patient. Only 13 (4.9%) out of 270 patients had a postoperative pathology needing follow-up. None of our findings would have an impact of changing the surgical approach. Therefore, the results of this study suggested that application of a preoperative GI endoscopy is not necessary prior to sleeve gastrectomy in patients without upper GI symptoms.
Management of Primary Aggressive Tumors of the Knee
Authors: Martin John R. , Auran Richard L. , Duran Michael D. , de Comas Amalia M. , Jacofsky David J. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPrimary bone sarcomas and aggressive benign bone tumors are relatively rare. It is essential to recognize features that are concerning for these aggressive tumors based on a patient's history, physical exam, and radiographs. Physicians and other health care providers should have a high suspicion for these tumors and promptly refer these patients to orthopaedic oncologists. A multidisciplinary, team-based approach is required to obtain an accurate diagnosis and provide comprehensive care. This review discussed the appropriate work-up, biopsy principles, relevant peri-operative medical management, and surgical treatment options for patients with aggressive primary bone tumors around the knee. Primary bone sarcomas (osteosarcoma and chondrosarcoma) and aggressive benign bone tumors (giant cell tumor, chondroblastoma, and chondromyxoid fibroma) that have a predilection to the distal femur and proximal tibia are the focus of this review.
Burch Procedure: A Historical Perspective
Authors: Marquini Gisele Vissoci , Bella Zsuzsanna Ilona Katalin de Jarmy di , Sartori Marair Gracio Ferreira 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Introduction The Burch procedure (1961) was considered the gold standard treatment for stress urinary incontinence (SUI) before the midurethral slings (MUSs) were introduced, in 2001.
Objective This historical perspective of the Burch's timeline can encourage urogynecological surgeons to master the Burch technique as one of the options for surgical treatment of SUI.
Search Strategy and Selection Criteria A bibliographic search was performed in the PubMed and National Library of Medicine (NIH) databases with the terms Burch colposuspension AND history AND stress urinary incontinence in the last 20 years. The original article by Burch (1961) was included. The references were read by three authors. The exclusion criterion was studies in non-English languages. Biomedical Library Special Collections were included as historical relevant search.
Data Collection, Analysis and Main Results Some modifications of the technique have been made since the Burch procedure was first described. The interest in this technique has been increasing due to the negative publicity associated with vaginal synthetic mesh products. Twenty-nine relevant articles were included in the present review article, and numerous trials have compared Burch colposuspension with MUS.
Conclusion This historical perspective enables the scientific community to review a standardized technique for SUI. Burch colposuspension should be considered an appropriate surgical treatment for women with SUI, and an option in urogynecological training programs worldwide.
Conductivity effects during the transition from collisionless to collisional regimes in cylindrical inductively coupled plasmas
Authors: YANG Wei , GAO Fei , WANG Younian 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
A numerical model is developed to study the conductivity effects during the transition from collisionless to collisional regimes in cylindrical inductively coupled argon plasmas at pressures of 0.1–20 Pa. The model consists of electron kinetics module, electromagnetics module, and global model module. It allows for self-consistent description of non-local electron kinetics and collisionless electron heating in terms of the conductivity of homogeneous hot plasma. Simulation results for non-local conductivity case are compared with predictions for the assumption of local conductivity case. Electron densities and effective electron temperatures under non-local and local conductivities show obvious differences at relatively low pressures. As increasing pressure, the results under the two cases of conductivities tend to converge, which indicates the transition from collisionless to collisional regimes. At relatively low pressures the local negative power absorption is predicted by non-local conductivity case but not captured by local conductivity case. The two-dimensional (2D) profiles of electron current density and electric field are coincident for local conductivity case in the pressure range of interest, but it roughly holds true for non-local conductivity case at very high pressure. In addition, an effective conductivity with consideration of non-collisional stochastic heating effect is introduced. The effective conductivity almost reproduces the electron density and effective electron temperature for the non-local conductivity case, but does not capture the non-local relation between electron current and electric field as well as the local negative power absorption that is observed for non-local conductivity case at low pressures.