bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Novel glucose-lowering drugs and the risk of acute kidney injury in routine care; the Stockholm CREAtinine Measurements (SCREAM) project
Authors: Alkas Jim , Bosi Alessandro , Sjölander Arvid , Barany Peter , Elinder Carl-Gustaf , Fu Edouard L. , Carrero Juan Jesus 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Introduction
Little is known about the comparative effects of sodium glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i), glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP1-RA), or dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4i) on the risk of acute kidney injury (AKI) in routine care, which may differ from the controlled setting of trials.

Methods
Observational study comparing risks of AKI among new users of SGLT2i, GLP1-RA or DPP-4i in the region of Stockholm, Sweden, during 2008–2018. AKI was defined by ICD-10 codes and creatinine-based KDIGO criteria. We used inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) to adjust for 60 potential confounders, weighted Kaplan–Meier curves and Cox regression to estimate hazard ratios and absolute risks.

Results
We included 17,407 participants who newly initiated DPP-4i (N = 10,605), GLP1-RA (N = 4448) or SGLT2i (N = 2354). Mean age was 63 years (39% women) and median (IQR) eGFR was 89 (73–100) ml/min/1.73 m2. During a median follow-up of 2.5 years, 1411 participants experienced AKI. SGLT2i users had the lowest incidence rate of AKI, 18.3 [CI 95% 14.1–23.4] per 1000 person years, followed by GLP1-RA (22.5; 19.9–25.3) and DPP-4i (26.6; 25–28.2). The weighted 3-year absolute risk for AKI was 5.79% [3.63–8.52] in the SGLT2i group, compared with 7.03% [5.69–8.69] and 7.00% [6.43–7.58] in the GLP1-RA and DPP-4i groups, respectively. The adjusted hazard ratio was 0.73 [CI 95% 0.45–1.16] for SGLT2i vs. DPP-4i, and 0.98 [CI 95% 0.82–1.18] for GLP1-RA vs. DPP-4i.

Conclusion
This study of routine care patients initiating novel glucose-lowering drugs showed similar occurrence of AKI between therapies, and suggests lower risk for SGLT2i.
Towards intelligent illumination systems: from the basics of light science to its application
Authors: Zandi Babak , Khanh Tran Quoc 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe development and design of lighting systems is closely linked to the physiology of the human visual system. Whereas with the first generation of light sources, the visual appearance of objects in an illuminated environment was only possible by adjusting the level of illuminance. In contrast, with modern semiconductor light-emitting diode (LED) systems, the emitted spectrum can be flexibly varied. This new degree of freedom has led to an interdisciplinary field of research, aiming to explore the effect of light on humans in terms of physiological, psychological and cognitive parameters and to model their mechanisms or make them quantifiable via mathematical metrics. Today’s quality assessment of light spectra is composed of metrics that combine colour perception, contrast sensitivity, visual sensation, non-visual responses and cognitive preference. A lighting system that takes these aspects into account is commonly referred to as an integrative lighting solution or Human Centric Lighting. This article describes the current knowledge about the human eye’s visual and non-visual processing system, the development of colour rendering metrics, and the light-induced effect on nocturnal melatonin suppression. Then, the basic concept of an intelligent and individually adaptable lighting system will be discussed.Practical Relevance: This article deals with the basics of light science and covers the fundamental aspects of intelligent lighting systems, which with the help of multi-channel LED luminaires, could address the visual properties of light and the human circadian system separately via metameric spectra.
Amelioration of Doxorubicin-Induced Cognitive Impairment by Quercetin in a Rat Model of Breast Cancer
Authors: Ramalingayya Grandhi Venkata , John Jeena , Gourishetti Karthik , Nayak Pawan Ganesh , Rao C. Mallikarjuna , Kishore Anoop , Alnasser Sulaiman M. , Hussain Shalam M. , Krishnadas Nandakumar 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe management of breast cancer by chemotherapeutic agents has significantly increased the survival rates and, at the same time, raised concerns about the side effects caused by these agents on healthy tissues. Chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment resulting from non-CNS malignancies like breast cancer has emerged as a significant challenge among cancer survivors due to its negative impact on the quality of day-to-day life activities. Using doxorubicin-based chemotherapy as a preclinical model for chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment, we assessed the effect of quercetin on behavioral memory alterations in tumor-bearing female rats in vivo and changes in neurite length and apoptosis in PC12 cell lines in vitro. Quercetin is purported to have neuroprotective effects in different preclinical models of human neurological conditions because of its possible anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Mammary carcinoma was induced by intraperitoneal administration of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea followed by doxorubicin administration once in 5 days (50 days). Pre-treatment with quercetin began 1 week before the chemotherapy and continued till the end of the chemotherapy cycle. Mechanistically, quercetin produced protection against doxorubicin-induced neurotoxicity by decreasing apoptosis and had a neurogenic effect evidenced by the prevention of toxicant-induced inhibition of neurite establishment. Quercetin reversed episodic and spatial memory deficits caused by doxorubicin treatment assessed by novel object recognition memory and Morris water maze, respectively. Taken together, our findings suggest that cytotoxic effects of doxorubicin may be a contributor to neurogenic impairment in tumor-bearing animals, leading to memory deficits. Therefore, quercetin could be a promising therapeutic strategy for doxorubicin-related cognitive impairment, thus imparting hope for improved quality of life among cancer survivors.
Graphical Abstract
Tunable vortex Majorana modes controlled by strain in homogeneous LiFeAs
Authors: Liu Wenyao , Hu Quanxin , Wang Xiancheng , Zhong Yigui , Yang Fazhi , Kong Lingyuan , Cao Lu , Li Geng , Peng Yi , Okazaki Kozo , Kondo Takeshi , Jin Changqing , Xu Jinpeng , Gao Hong-Jun , Ding Hong 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe iron-based superconductors (FeSCs) have recently emerged as a promising single-material Majorana platform by hosting isolated Majorana zero modes (MZMs) at relatively high temperatures. To further verify its Majorana nature and move forward to build topological quantum qubits, it is highly desirable to achieve tunability for MZMs on homogeneous FeSCs. Here, with an in-situ strain device, we can controllably create MZMs on the homogeneous surface of stoichiometric superconductor LiFeAs by altering its chemical potential. The evolution of discrete energy modes inside a strained vortex is found to mimic exactly as the predicted topological vortex case, proving the Majorana nature of emerging zero modes of vortex. More importantly, our work provides a controllable method for MZM in a homogeneous FeSC, and such achievement of tunability of MZMs in the FeSC Majorana-material platform is an important step towards their application in topological quantum computation.
12,000 years of landscape evolution in the southern White Mountains, New Hampshire, as recorded in Ossipee Lake sediments
Authors: LeNoir James , Cook Timothy L. , Snyder Noah P. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractContinuous records of sediment yield spanning from the late glacial through the Holocene to the present day provide an important opportunity to investigate landscape evolution over various timescales in response to a variety of natural and anthropogenic forcing mechanisms. This study investigates variations in sediment yield and landscape evolution in the 768 km2watershed of Ossipee Lake, New Hampshire, USA. We pair subbottom sonar observations with analyses of lacustrine sediment cores to interpret a 12,000+ yr record of lake sedimentation in terms of changes in sediment yield and landscape evolution. Our results indicate high rates of sediment redistribution following deglaciation at ~14,500 to ~12,000 cal yr BP, followed by a period of gradually decreasing sediment yield until ~9000 cal yr BP, marking the termination of the most intense period of paraglacial landscape adjustment. From 9000 cal yr BP to 1850 CE, sediment yield is highly variable and reveals a slightly increasing trend that we attribute to a dominant hydroclimatic control on erosion driven by increasing effective precipitation in the region throughout the Holocene. Despite evidence for a highly dynamic landscape and an abundance of unconsolidated glacigenic surface deposits throughout the watershed, we interpret a modest erosional impact from anthropogenic land use.
The relationship between patient-reported health-related quality of life and malnutrition risk in cirrhosis: an observational cohort study
Authors: Hui Yangyang , Cui Binxin , Wang Xiaoyu , Mao Lihong , Li Yifan , Sun Mingyu , Yang Wanting , Guo Gaoyue , Fan Xiaofei , Sun Chao 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPatients with cirrhosis experience worse health-related quality of life (HRQoL), and attempts are warranted further exploration of modifiable factors to improve HRQoL. Data on the impact of malnutrition risk on HRQoL among cirrhosis are limited; thus, we aimed to strengthen understanding by clarifying the relationship between nutritional status and low HRQoL in patients with decompensated cirrhosis. Consecutive inpatients with cirrhosis attending our department within a tertiary hospital were studied. Generic health profiles and malnutrition risk were evaluated by the EuroQol-5D (EQ-5D) and Royal Free Hospital-Nutritional Prioritizing Tool (RFH-NPT) score, respectively. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to determine association of malnutrition risk with low HRQoL. In this cohort of 364 patients with median age of 64 years and 49·5 % male, 55·5 % of the study population reported impairment pertinent to HRQoL in at least one dimension in terms of the EQ-5D. Moreover, malnutrition risk (RFH-NPT score: β coefficient = −0·114, P = 0·038) was proved to be independently associated with poor HRQoL in multiple analysis, after adjustment for significant variables like age, BMI and markers of decompensation. Notably, we found that health dimensions representing physical function (i.e. mobility, self-care and usual activities) are substantially affected, while malnourished patients reported less frequencies of complaints in other domain such as anxiety/depression. In conclusion, the risk of malnutrition assessed by the RFH-NPT score is independently associated with low HRQoL. It is operational to improve HRQoL by identifying patients at high malnutrition risk and providing timely nutrition treatment.
Climate-controlled organic matter accumulation as recorded in the Upper Jurassic Argiles de Châtillon Formation, a shallow-marine counterpart of the Kimmeridge Clay Formation
Authors: van der Hoeven I. C. , Verreussel R. M. C. H. , Riboulleau A. , Tribovillard N. , van de Schootbrugge B. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMudstones from the Argiles de Châtillon Formation exposed in the Boulonnais region of Northern France represent a proximal lateral equivalent of the organic-rich Kimmeridge Clay Formation. The Argiles de Châtillon Formation is composed of two subunits that straddle the Kimmeridgian–Tithonian boundary. Each subunit contains an organic-rich interval. The two conspicuous organic-rich intervals have been linked to either periods of high sea level or greenhouse warming. Here, we use palynology to further understand climate and environmental mechanisms that drove organic matter enrichment. We use bulk organic carbon isotope records (δ13Corg) to correlate the Boulonnais sections with those of the Kimmeridge Clay Formation. The palynological results suggest that the stratigraphically lower organic-rich interval (Kimmeridgian) was deposited under suboxic to anoxic stratified conditions. A large-scale climate shift from cooler/humid to warmer/arid conditions marked the Kimmeridgian–Tithonian boundary, influencing organic matter enrichment in the stratigraphically higher organic-rich interval (Tithonian). In contrast with the lower organic-rich interval, there are no indications of stratified conditions for the higher organic-rich interval. Within this thicker organic-rich interval, cyclic variations in amorphous organic matter distribution, total organic carbon and δ13Corgtrends on a 2 m scale are observed. They co-occur with fluctuations of the palynological assemblages, indicative of more humid versus arid climate conditions, likely alternating on a ∼100 kyr eccentricity timescale. Our results show that under the most humid phases of these overall arid climate conditions, sulfurization of carbohydrates was the dominant control on organic matter preservation. This climate-controlled process that drives organic matter enrichment in the Tithonian can be recognized on a basin-wide scale.
Parent-led cognitive behaviour therapy for child anxiety problems: overcoming challenges to increase access to effective treatment
Authors: Creswell Cathy , Chessell Chloe , Halliday Gemma 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackground:Anxiety problems have a particularly early age of onset and are common among children. As we celebrate the anniversary of the BABCP, it is important to recognise the huge contribution that cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) has made to the treatment of anxiety problems in children. CBT remains the only psychological intervention for child anxiety problems with a robust evidence base, but despite this, very few children with anxiety problems access CBT. Creative solutions are urgently needed to ensure that effective treatments can be delivered at scale. Here we focus on parent-led CBT as this offers a potential solution that is brief and can be delivered by clinicians without highly specialised training. Over the last decade there has been a substantial increase in randomised controlled trials evaluating this approach with consistent evidence of effectiveness. Nonetheless clinicians, and parents, often have concerns about trying the approach and can face challenges in its delivery.Method:We draw on empirical evidence and our clinical experience to address some of these common concerns and challenges, with particular emphasis on the key principles of empowering parents and working with them to provide opportunities for new learning for their children.Conclusions:We conclude by highlighting some important directions for future research and practice, including further evaluation of who does and does not currently benefit from the approach, determining how it should be adapted to optimise outcomes among groups that may not currently get maximum benefits and across cultures, and capitalising on recent technological developments to increase engagement and widen access.
Surface Dust Redistribution on Mars From Interannual Differences in Temperature and Albedo
Authors: Bapst J. , Piqueux S. , Edwards C. S. , Wolfe C. , Hayne P. O. , Kass D. M. , Kleinböhl A. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe present climate of Mars is punctuated by recurring dust storm events, where dust is lifted from the surface and is transported by the atmosphere. Dust addition or removal can brighten or darken the surface, as well as affect thermal insulating properties because of its low thermal conductivity. Of particular interest is the recurrence of global dust storms (GDSs) and whether their frequency is controlled by the replenishment or depletion of finite surface reservoirs between events. Global climate models predict changes in dust coverage before and after global storms, but output varies substantially regarding the amounts and locations of transported dust. The analysis of global, multiyear observations of surface temperature and albedo from orbit can constrain changes in dust coverage and/or thickness. We calculate and map interannual differences in surface temperature from Mars Year (MY) 24 through MY35 to identify regions of dust redistribution. Regional temperature changes across the MY25 GDS can be explained by changes in albedo and do not require changes in surface thermal properties, supporting extremely small dust thickness changes. Across the MY34 GDS, we find less extensive changes in surface temperature, indicating a reduced impact on dust redistribution compared to MY25. However, we identify a region between Acidalia and Arabia Terra that experienced substantial dust removal and positively correlates with visible high‐resolution orbital images. Our work supports minuscule changes in dust thickness from the observed GDSs and is consistent with effectively infinite dust reservoirs on timescales of at least 103 years.
Subsurface Lateral Flows Buffer Riparian Water Stress Against Snow Drought
Authors: Graup L. J. , Tague C. L. , Harpold A. A. , Krogh S. A. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn the Sierra Nevada, CA, the Mediterranean climate exposes montane forests to water stress during the summer drought. Normally, spring snowmelt alleviates summer water stress, especially in riparian ecosystems that receive subsurface lateral inputs from groundwater. However, snow drought could potentially eliminate these beneficial effects. This research investigates how subsurface lateral redistribution mediates hillslope‐scale vegetation responses to snow drought. We apply a spatially‐distributed ecohydrologic model (Regional Hydro‐Ecologic Simulation System (RHESSys)) to a snow‐dominated watershed in the Sierra Nevada. We incorporate observed sap flow data along a hillslope to estimate relative differences in water stress for upslope and riparian sites, and constrain RHESSys drainage parameter uncertainty. Our model results show that subsurface lateral inputs buffer riparian water stress against snow drought. For all drought types, both upslope and riparian sites experience substantial losses of net primary productivity (NPP), and on average upslope sites are more adversely affected (upslope loss of NPP = 45% vs. riparian = 28%). Dry droughts from a lack of rain or snow induce substantial loss of biomass for upslope and riparian trees because of low annual precipitation, but a small snowpack retained during cold, dry years slightly alleviates these effects and delays water stress by 2 weeks in riparian areas and 3 weeks upslope. While riparian forests are often buffered against drought stress, our study also shows that riparian forests can suffer from water stress. We found 21% of drought scenarios where riparian trees experience greater water stress than upslope trees that were mostly associated with wet and warm snow droughts.
Outdoor mmWave Channel Modeling for Fixed Wireless Access at 60 GHz
Authors: De Beelde B. , Verboven Z. , Tanghe E. , Plets D. , Joseph W. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe large bandwidths that are available at millimeter wave (mmWave) frequency bands allow high‐throughput wireless communication systems that enable fixed wireless access (FWA) applications. In FWA networks, a stationary link is created between antennas installed at building facades or street furniture, such as lampposts. A Line‐of‐Sight (LOS) scenario is preferred, but to guarantee the quality of service to the user, communication should remain possible when the LOS path is obstructed. In this paper, outdoor channel models at 60 GHz are presented that can be used for the design and optimization of FWA networks, based on measurements with the Terragraph wireless system using IEEE Std. 802.11ad radios. LOS path loss measurement data is analyzed and building reflection loss, diffraction loss, and vegetation loss are measured. There is limited diffuse scattering, but reflections on the wall frame structure result in reflected paths with low losses. Existing vegetation models that are based on measurement campaigns at lower frequencies underestimate vegetation loss at mmWave frequencies, as measured excess attenuation values range from 15 to 25 dB for distances lower than 14 m. The presented channel models are used for link budget calculations for FWA networks.
Realising high aspect ratio 10 nm feature size in laser materials processing in air at 800 nm wavelength in the far-field by creating a high purity longitudinal light field at focus
Authors: Li Zhaoqing , Allegre Olivier , Li Lin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn semiconductor and data storage device manufacturing, it is desirable to produce feature sizes less than 30 nm with a high depth-to-width aspect ratio on the target material rapidly at a low cost. However, optical diffraction limits the smallest focused laser beam diameter to around half of the laser wavelength (λ/2). The existing approach to achieving nanoscale fabrication is mainly based on costly extreme ultraviolet (EUV) technology operating within the diffraction limit. In this paper, a new method is shown to achieve materials processing resolution down to 10 nm (λ/80) at an infrared laser wavelength of around 800 nm in the far-field, in air, well beyond the optical diffraction limit. A high-quality longitudinal field with a purity of 94.7% is generated to realise this super-resolution. Both experiments and theoretical modelling have been carried out to verify and understand the findings. The ablation craters induced on polished silicon, copper, and sapphire are compared for different types of light fields. Holes of 10–30 nm in diameter are produced on sapphire with a depth-to-width aspect ratio of over 16 and a zero taper with a single pulse at 100–120 nJ pulse energy. Such high aspect ratio sub-50 nm holes produced with single pulse laser irradiation are rarely seen in laser processing, indicating a new material removal mechanism with the longitudinal field. The working distance (lens to target) is around 170 µm, thus the material processing is in the far field. Tapered nano-holes can also be produced by adjusting the lens to the target distance.
Recent advances in developing active targeting and multi-functional drug delivery systems via bioorthogonal chemistry
Authors: Yi Wenzhe , Xiao Ping , Liu Xiaochen , Zhao Zitong , Sun Xiangshi , Wang Jue , Zhou Lei , Wang Guanru , Cao Haiqiang , Wang Dangge , Li Yaping 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBioorthogonal chemistry reactions occur in physiological conditions without interfering with normal physiological processes. Through metabolic engineering, bioorthogonal groups can be tagged onto cell membranes, which selectively attach to cargos with paired groups via bioorthogonal reactions. Due to its simplicity, high efficiency, and specificity, bioorthogonal chemistry has demonstrated great application potential in drug delivery. On the one hand, bioorthogonal reactions improve therapeutic agent delivery to target sites, overcoming off-target distribution. On the other hand, nanoparticles and biomolecules can be linked to cell membranes by bioorthogonal reactions, providing approaches to developing multi-functional drug delivery systems (DDSs). In this review, we first describe the principle of labeling cells or pathogenic microorganisms with bioorthogonal groups. We then highlight recent breakthroughs in developing active targeting DDSs to tumors, immune systems, or bacteria by bioorthogonal chemistry, as well as applications of bioorthogonal chemistry in developing functional bio-inspired DDSs (biomimetic DDSs, cell-based DDSs, bacteria-based and phage-based DDSs) and hydrogels. Finally, we discuss the difficulties and prospective direction of bioorthogonal chemistry in drug delivery. We expect this review will help us understand the latest advances in the development of active targeting and multi-functional DDSs using bioorthogonal chemistry and inspire innovative applications of bioorthogonal chemistry in developing smart DDSs for disease treatment.