bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Which Factors Are Associated With Reproductive Outcomes of DOR Patients in ART Cycles: An Eight-Year Retrospective Study
Authors: Li Lu , Sun Bo , Wang Fang , Zhang Yile , Sun Yingpu 
Published: June 2022

IntroductionWomen with diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) have a lower pregnancy rate and higher cancellation rate compared to those without DOR when seeking assisted reproductive technology. However, which factors are associated with reproductive outcomes and whether AMH is a predictor of clinical pregnancy remain unclear.ObjectiveThis retrospective study was designed to find factors associated with reproductive outcomes in DOR patients and then discuss the role of AMH in predicting cycle results among this population.MethodA total of 900 women were included in the study. They were diagnosed with DOR with the following criteria: (i) FSH &gt; 10 IU/L; (ii)AMH &lt; 1.1 ng/ml; and (iii) AFC &lt;7. They were divided into different groups: firstly, based on whether they were clinically pregnant or not, pregnant group vs. non-pregnant group (comparison 1); secondly, if patients had transferrable embryos (TE) or not, TE vs. no TE group (comparison 2); thirdly, patients undergoing embryo transfer (ET) cycles were divided into pregnant I and non-pregnant I group (comparison 3). The baseline and ovarian stimulation characteristics of these women in their first IVF/ICSI cycles were analyzed. Logistic regression was performed to find factors associated with clinical pregnancy.ResultsOf the 900 DOR patients, 138 women got pregnant in their first IVF/ICSI cycles while the rest did not. AMH was an independent predictor of TE after adjusting for confounding factors (adjusted OR:11.848, 95% CI: 6.21-22.62, P&lt; 0.001). Further ROC (receiver operating characteristic) analysis was performed and the corresponding AUC (the area under the curve) was 0.679 (95% CI: 0.639-0.72, P&lt; 0.001). Notably, an AMH level of 0.355 had a sensitivity of 62.6% and specificity of 65.6%. However, there was no statistical difference in AMH level in comparison 3, and multivariate logistic regression showed female age was associated with clinical pregnancy in ET cycles and women who were under 35 years old were more likely to be pregnant compared to those older than 40 years old (adjusted OR:4.755, 95% CI: 2.81-8.04, P&lt; 0.001).ConclusionAMH is highly related to oocyte collection rate and TE rate,and 0.355 ng/ml was a cutoff value for the prediction of TE. For DOR patients who had an embryo transferred, AMH is not associated with clinical pregnancy while female age is an independent risk factor for it.
Shear Wave Elastography in the Diagnosis of Peripheral Neuropathy in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease Stage 5
Authors: Li Xuan , Sun Haoqi , Zhang Zhaoguang , Liu Jing , Xu Huiying , Ma Lin , Zhang Haibo , Li Jialin , Luo Qian , Wang Xiangming , Guo Min , Guo Zhentao , Chen Xuexun 
Published: June 2022

ObjectiveTo observe the feasibility of shear wave elastography (SWE) in the diagnosis of peripheral neuropathy in patients undergoing hemodialysis [chronic kidney disease stage 5 dialysis (CKD5D)].MethodsForty patients with CKD5D were divided into a uremic peripheral neuropathy (UPN) group (n = 25) and a non-UPN group (n = 15) according to the results of a neuro-electrophysiological examination. Sixteen healthy control subjects were also enrolled in this study. Two-dimensional ultrasound examination was conducted, and SWE was then performed to measure Young’s modulus of the tibial nerve. The left and right diameters (D1), anterior and posterior diameters (D2), perimeter (C), cross-sectional area (CSA), and Young’s modulus (E) were measured three times at the same non-entrapment site. The average values were recorded and calculated. The following evaluation indices were also analyzed: sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC).ResultsD1, D2, C, and CSA were not significantly different among the three groups (P &gt; 0.05). However, the difference in the E value among the three groups was statistically significant (P &lt; 0.05). The AUC was 0.889 based on the E value. Using a tibial nerve E value of 48.35 kPa as the cutoff value, the sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV were 86.0%, 84.0%, 81.1%, and 88.1%, respectively.ConclusionsSWE is useful for the diagnosis of peripheral neuropathy in patients with CKD5D. Young’s modulus of 48.35 kPa for the tibial nerve is the optimal cutoff value and has the best diagnostic efficiency for peripheral neuropathy in CKD5D patients.
High-Speed Rail Opening and Green Innovation—Evidence From China
Authors: Yu Xiaolin , Wan Kai 
Published: June 2022

Significant progress has been achieved in the construction of transportation infrastructure in China, where a high-speed rail network of considerable scale and high operational speed has been formed. Against the backdrop of China’s current keynote on “carbon peaking” and “carbon neutrality,” the high-speed rail as a modern, green mode of transport, has become a key force in promoting green technological innovation and maintaining sustainable economic development. This paper focuses on the relationship between the opening of high-speed rail and urban green innovation and the mechanisms behind it. This study utilized panel data on Chinese cities from 2000 to 2018, taking the opening of high-speed rail as a quasi-natural experiment. It focuses on the impact and mechanism of the opening of the high-speed railway on urban green innovation by using the double-difference space Durbin model. Findings indicate that high-speed rail plays a significant role in promoting urban green innovation and that the spatial spillover effect is substantial. The results of the heterogeneity test indicate that high-speed rail can enhance urban green innovation in non-resource-based cities. The impact mechanism of high-speed railways on urban green innovation mainly comes from the flow of innovative personnel and capital, a strategy of local governments to strengthen environmental regulations and improve regional advantages. This paper also indicates that high-speed rail has an inverted U-shaped trend in promoting urban green innovation, and the optimal radius is 200 km from the nucleus city.
Construction and Comprehensive Analysis of the ceRNA Network to Reveal Key Genes for Benign Tracheal Stenosis
Authors: He Yanpeng , Zou Chunyan , Cai Zhigang 
Published: June 2022

Objective: To explore the possible biological functions of the differentially expressed genes in patients with benign tracheal stenosis, and to provide a valuable molecular basis for investigating the pathogenesis of benign tracheal stenosis.Method: Whole transcriptome sequencing was performed on blood samples collected from patients with benign tracheal stenosis and normal controls. Differentially expressed mRNA, lncRNA, and circRNA were analyzed using the DESeq2 package. The protein interaction networks for differentially expressed mRNAs were constructed by STRING. The results of gene co-expression network analysis, Starbase database prediction, and differential gene expression were combined to construct a competing endogenous RNA network. The transcription factors of key genes were predicted using the Network Analyst database and a transcription factor-mRNA regulatory network was constructed. The classical pathways, intermolecular interaction networks, and upstream regulatory components of key genes were analyzed using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA). Finally, the DGIDB database was used to predict the potential therapeutic drugs to target the identified key genes.Result: Based on mRNA, lncRNA and circRNA expression data, we found that differentially expressed mRNAs were enriched in oxygen transport, neutrophil activation, immune response, and oxygen binding. Then the pearson correlation between mRNAs of 46 key genes and lncRNAs and cricRNAs were calculated, and the correlation greater than 0.9 were selected to construct the co-expression network of “mRNA-lncRA” and “mRNA-cricRNA.” Moreover, a “lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA” network and a “circRNA-miRNA-mRNA” network were constructed. IPA analysis showed that the 46 key genes were significantly associated with inflammatory activation and acute respiratory distress syndrome. The constructed TF-mRNA regulatory network was composed of 274 nodes and 573 interacting pairs. 251 potential therapeutic drugs were identified from the DGIDB database.Conclusion: This study analyzed the differential genes associated with benign tracheal stenosis and explored the potential regulatory mechanisms, providing a scientific reference for further studies on the pathogenesis of benign tracheal stenosis.
External Assessment of the Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis One-Year Functional Status Score in Chinese Pediatric Patients
Authors: Luo Hanyu , Li Yuhang , Zheng Yaxin , Zhou Lvli , Yang Jiaxin , Fang Zhixu , Jiang Yan , Wang Juan , Yao Zhengxiong , Chen Min , Jiang Li 
Published: June 2022

Objectiveto assess the performance of the Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor encephalitis (NMDAR) One-Year Functional Status (NEOS) score in predicting one-year functional outcome in Chinese children with anti-NMDAR encephalitis.Methodschildren with anti-NMDAR encephalitis at the Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University were retrospectively enrolled from January 2014 to December 2020. Patients were categorized into two groups based on the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at one-year follow-up. Discrimination of the NEOS score was assessed by the area under curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic curve. Calibration of the NEOS score was assessed by comparing predicted probabilities with observed probabilities using a calibration curve and the Hosmer-Lemeshow test. The clinical practicability of the NEOS score was evaluated by performing a decision curve analysis.Resultsone hundred seventy-five children (101 females and 74 males) with anti-NMDAR encephalitis and a median age of 7.7 years were enrolled. Of those, 149 (85.1%) had a good outcome at 1 year (mRS ≤ 2), and the remaining 26 (14.9%) had a poor outcome (mRS &gt; 2). Patients with a higher NEOS score had a significantly higher mRS at one-year follow-up [Spearman r = 0.3878, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.2500-0.5103, P &lt; 0.001]. The AUC of the NEOS score was 0.870 (95% CI: 0.801-0.938, P &lt; 0.001). The observed probability and predicted probability showed moderate consistency in the calibration curve and the Hosmer-Lemeshow test (P = 0.912). The decision curve analysis showed that using the NEOS score to predict one-year outcomes could provide additional net benefit during clinical practice.Conclusionsthe NEOS score is a potentially reliable model to predict the one-year functional outcome in Chinese children with anti-NMDAR encephalitis.
Decreased Risk of Low Back Pain During Pregnancy Associated With the Use of Orthopedic Manual Therapy: A Nested Case-Control Study
Authors: Chang Wei-Chiao , Livneh Hanoch , Yen Chieh-Tsung , Hsieh Min-Chih , Lu Ming-Chi , Chen Wei-Jen , Tsai Tzung-Yi 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundRecent evidence suggests that the use of orthopedic manual therapy (OMT) may lessen the subsequent risk of low back pain (LBP), but this association has not been examined among pregnant women who are at higher risk of LBP. This study aims to determine whether the addition of OMT to conventional LBP treatment before pregnancy could decrease the subsequent risk of LBP during pregnancy.MethodsFrom Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database, we identified 68,960 women, 20–55 years of age, with first pregnancy between 2001 and 2012. We then performed a nested case-control study in which 3,846 women with newly diagnosed LBP were matched to 3,846 controls according to age and cohort entry year. Multivariate conditional logistic regression was employed to estimate the association between OMT use before pregnancy and LBP during pregnancy.ResultsOMT users had a lower risk of LBP than did non-users, with an adjusted OR of 0.86 (95% CI, 0.78–0.93). Subgroup analysis showed that women with high intensity use of OMT treatment prior to pregnancy reported the lowest level of LBP during pregnancy by nearly 30%.ConclusionThe pre-pregnancy use of OMT treatment significantly decreased LBP risk during pregnancy, especially with high-intensity use. Thus, clinicians may consider recommending OMT for pregnant women to avoid possible obstetric complications during the pregnancy.
Smartphone-Acquired Anterior Segment Images for Deep Learning Prediction of Anterior Chamber Depth: A Proof-of-Concept Study
Authors: Qian Chaoxu , Jiang Yixing , Soh Zhi Da , Sakthi Selvam Ganesan , Xiao Shuyuan , Tham Yih-Chung , Xu Xinxing , Liu Yong , Li Jun , Zhong Hua , Cheng Ching-Yu 
Published: June 2022

PurposeTo develop a deep learning (DL) algorithm for predicting anterior chamber depth (ACD) from smartphone-acquired anterior segment photographs.MethodsFor algorithm development, we included 4,157 eyes from 2,084 Chinese primary school students (aged 11–15 years) from Mojiang Myopia Progression Study (MMPS). All participants had with ACD measurement measured with Lenstar (LS 900) and anterior segment photographs acquired from a smartphone (iPhone Xs), which was mounted on slit lamp and under diffuses lighting. The anterior segment photographs were randomly selected by person into training (80%, no. of eyes = 3,326) and testing (20%, no. of eyes = 831) dataset. We excluded participants with intraocular surgery history or pronounced corneal haze. A convolutional neural network was developed to predict ACD based on these anterior segment photographs. To determine the accuracy of our algorithm, we measured the mean absolute error (MAE) and coefficient of determination (R2) were evaluated. Bland Altman plot was used to illustrate the agreement between DL-predicted and measured ACD values.ResultsIn the test set of 831 eyes, the mean measured ACD was 3.06 ± 0.25 mm, and the mean DL-predicted ACD was 3.10 ± 0.20 mm. The MAE was 0.16 ± 0.13 mm, andR2was 0.40 between the predicted and measured ACD. The overall mean difference was −0.04 ± 0.20 mm, with 95% limits of agreement ranging between −0.43 and 0.34 mm. The generated saliency maps showed that the algorithm mainly utilized central corneal region (i.e., the site where ACD is clinically measured typically) in making its prediction, providing further plausibility to the algorithm's prediction.ConclusionsWe developed a DL algorithm to estimate ACD based on smartphone-acquired anterior segment photographs. Upon further validation, our algorithm may be further refined for use as a ACD screening tool in rural localities where means of assessing ocular biometry is not readily available. This is particularly important in China where the risk of primary angle closure disease is high and often undetected.
Diagnosis of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis in High-Resolution Computed Tomography Scans Using a Combination of Handcrafted Radiomics and Deep Learning
Authors: Refaee Turkey , Salahuddin Zohaib , Frix Anne-Noelle , Yan Chenggong , Wu Guangyao , Woodruff Henry C. , Gietema Hester , Meunier Paul , Louis Renaud , Guiot Julien , Lambin Philippe 
Published: June 2022

PurposeTo develop handcrafted radiomics (HCR) and deep learning (DL) based automated diagnostic tools that can differentiate between idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and non-IPF interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) in patients using high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) scans.Material and MethodsIn this retrospective study, 474 HRCT scans were included (mean age, 64.10 years ± 9.57 [SD]). Five-fold cross-validation was performed on 365 HRCT scans. Furthermore, an external dataset comprising 109 patients was used as a test set. An HCR model, a DL model, and an ensemble of HCR and DL model were developed. A virtual in-silico trial was conducted with two radiologists and one pulmonologist on the same external test set for performance comparison. The performance was compared using DeLong method and McNemar test. Shapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) plots and Grad-CAM heatmaps were used for the post-hoc interpretability of HCR and DL models, respectively.ResultsIn five-fold cross-validation, the HCR model, DL model, and the ensemble of HCR and DL models achieved accuracies of 76.2 ± 6.8, 77.9 ± 4.6, and 85.2 ± 2.7%, respectively. For the diagnosis of IPF and non-IPF ILDs on the external test set, the HCR, DL, and the ensemble of HCR and DL models achieved accuracies of 76.1, 77.9, and 85.3%, respectively. The ensemble model outperformed the diagnostic performance of clinicians who achieved a mean accuracy of 66.3 ± 6.7% (p &lt; 0.05) during the in-silico trial. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) for the ensemble model on the test set was 0.917 which was significantly higher than the HCR model (0.817, p = 0.02) and the DL model (0.823, p = 0.005). The agreement between HCR and DL models was 61.4%, and the accuracy and specificity for the predictions when both the models agree were 93 and 97%, respectively. SHAP analysis showed the texture features as the most important features for IPF diagnosis and Grad-CAM showed that the model focused on the clinically relevant part of the image.ConclusionDeep learning and HCR models can complement each other and serve as useful clinical aids for the diagnosis of IPF and non-IPF ILDs.
Orthostatic Challenge Causes Distinctive Symptomatic, Hemodynamic and Cognitive Responses in Long COVID and Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
Authors: Vernon Suzanne D. , Funk Sherlyn , Bateman Lucinda , Stoddard Gregory J. , Hammer Sarah , Sullivan Karen , Bell Jennifer , Abbaszadeh Saeed , Lipkin W. Ian , Komaroff Anthony L. 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundSome patients with acute COVID-19 are left with persistent, debilitating fatigue, cognitive impairment (“brain fog”), orthostatic intolerance (OI) and other symptoms (“Long COVID”). Many of the symptoms are like those of other post-infectious fatigue syndromes and may meet criteria for myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS). Common diagnostic laboratory tests are often unrevealing.MethodsWe evaluated whether a simple, standardized, office-based test of OI, the 10-min NASA Lean Test (NLT), would aggravate symptoms and produce objective hemodynamic and cognitive abnormalities, the latter being evaluated by a simple smart phone-based app.ParticipantsPeople with Long COVID (N = 42), ME/CFS (N = 26) and healthy control subjects (N = 20) were studied just before, during, immediately after, 2 and 7 days following completion of the NLT.ResultsThe NLT provoked a worsening of symptoms in the two patient groups but not in healthy control subjects, and the severity of all symptoms was similar and significantly worse in the two patient groups than in the control subjects (p &lt; 0.001). In the two patient groups, particularly those with Long COVID, the NLT provoked a marked and progressive narrowing in the pulse pressure. All three cognitive measures of reaction time worsened in the two patient groups immediately following the NLT, compared to the healthy control subjects, particularly in the Procedural Reaction Time (p &lt; 0.01).ConclusionsA test of orthostatic stress easily performed in an office setting reveals different symptomatic, hemodynamic and cognitive abnormalities in people with Long COVID and ME/CFS, compared to healthy control subjects. Thus, an orthostatic challenge easily performed in an office setting, and the use of a smart phone app to assess cognition, can provide objective confirmation of the orthostatic intolerance and brain fog reported by patients with Long COVID and ME/CFS.
Mass Cytometry and Single-Cell Transcriptome Analyses Reveal the Immune Cell Characteristics of Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: Luo Yongxin , Liu Shiying , Li Huibiao , Hou Jiangtao , Lin Wenjia , Xu Zewen , Lu Tianyu , Li Yanwu , Peng Bin , Zhang Shijing , Han Xue , Kuang Zuoliang , Wen Yi , Cai Jiazhong , Liu Fengbin , Chen Xin-Lin 
Published: June 2022

Background: The pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis (UC) is closely related to immunity. The immune characteristic differences between active UC (UCa) and inactive UC (UCin) have not been completely explained. Mass cytometry (CyTOF) and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) were used to analyze the immune cells of UCa, UCin and healthy control (HC) subjects to determine the specific immune characteristics.Methods: The immune cell subsets among UCa, UCin, HC were distinguished using CyTOF analysis. scRNA-seq analysis was used to validate the results of CyTOF. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses were performed to understand the roles of differential immune cell subsets.Results: After CyTOF analysis and validation of scRNA-seq analysis, differential immune cell subsets mainly contained TNF+IL-17A++ effector memory (EM) Tregs, CXCR3+CTLA4+ EM Tregs, CXCR3++CCR7+ B cells, HLA-DR+CCR7+ dendritic cells (DCs) and CTLA-4+ natural killer (NK) cells. In comparison to HC, CCR6+TNF+CD161+ EM T cells were highly enriched in UCa and UCin. Besides, UCa was characterized by an increase in CD38+TNF+ EM Tregs, CXCR3+CCR4+ naïve B cells, HLA-DR+CD14+IL21+ macrophages/monocytes, HLA-DR+CCR7+ DCs, AHR+CD14+ cytotoxic NK (cNK) cells and CD8A+IFNG+ cNK cells. Decreases in CD38+CD27+ plasmablasts, CXCR3+CD38+ regulatory NK cells, and CXCR3+CCR7+ tolerant NK cells in UCa were discovered.Conclusions: Novel immune cell subsets which was used to distinguish UCa, UCin and HC were identified. This information might be utilized to distinguish the patients with UCa and UCin.
Multi-Timepoint Metabolic Fingerprinting of a Post-Episode Period of Hypoglycemia and Ketoacidosis Among Children With Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Małachowska Beata , Pietrowska Karolina , Młynarski Wojciech , Szadkowska Agnieszka , Krętowski Adam , Ciborowski Michał , Fendler Wojciech 
Published: June 2022

Background: Acute complications of type 1 diabetes mellitus such as diabetes ketoacidosis (DKA) and hypoglycemia (HG) are detrimental in a short- and long-term perspective. Restoration of normoglycemia and correction of pH do not mean that all metabolic disturbances caused by HG or DKA are immediately reversed.Aim: This study aimed to identify serum metabolic changes caused by an episode of DKA and HG that may indicate the mechanisms contributing to long-term consequences of DKA/HG.Materials and methods: Four groups of children with type 1 diabetes were recruited. The first two study groups included patients after an episode of DKA or HG, respectively. Additionally, two comparative groups were recruited—children with established type 1 diabetes (EDM) and patients with newly diagnosed diabetes without diabetes ketoacidosis (NDM). Serum samples were collected in three group-specific time points (since the hospital admission): HG 0h-12h–48h; DKA or NDM 0h-24h–72 h; and one random fasting sample from patients with EDM. Two batches of 100 samples each were created: for DKA batch 20 × 3 DKA patients, 10 × 3 NDM and 10 EDM; for HG batch: 10 × 3 HG patients, 25 EDM and 15 × 3 NDM. All patients within the batches were age and sex matched. Metabolic fingerprinting was performed with LC-QTOF-MS.Results: Four metabolites were associated with a DKA episode occurring in the preceding 72 h: three were found higher after the DKA episode versus comparative groups: lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) (18:1), sphingomyelins (SM) (34:0 and d18:0/15:0), and one was found lower: LPC (18:0). Similarly, four metabolites were identified for the HG episode in the last 48 h: three were found higher after the HG episode versus comparative groups: two lysophosphatidylethanolamines (LPE) (18:2 and 20:3) and one LPC (18:2); and one was found lower after the HG episode: oxy-phosphatidylocholine (PC O-34:4).Conclusions: We found eight metabolites whose levels may be traced in the serum, indicating the DKA or HG episode for up to 72 h and 48 h, respectively. Acute complications of diabetes may cause persistent metabolic disturbances long after pH and glucose level normalization.