bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Static: Low Frequency Energy Harvesting and Power Transfer for the Internet of Things
Authors: Thangarajan Ashok Samraj , Nguyen Thien Duc , Liu Mengyao , Michiels Sam , Yang Fan , Man Ka Lok , Ma Jieming , Joosen Wouter , Hughes Danny 
Published: January 2022

The Internet of Things (IoT) is composed of wireless embedded devices which sense, analyze and communicate the state of the physical world. To achieve truly wireless operation, today’s IoT devices largely depend on batteries for power. However, this leads to high maintenance costs due to battery replacement, or the environmentally damaging concept of disposable devices. Energy harvesting has emerged as a promising approach to delivering long-life, environmentally friendly IoT device operation. However, with the exception of solar harvesting, it remains difficult to ensure sustainable system operation using environmental power alone. This paper tackles this problem by contributing Static, a Radio Frequency (RF) energy harvesting and wireless power transfer platform. Our approach comprises autonomous energy management techniques, adaptive power transfer algorithms and an open-source hardware reference platform to enable further research. We evaluate Static in laboratory conditions and show that 1) ambient RF energy harvesting can deliver sustainable operation using common industrial sources, while 2) wireless power transfer provides a simple means to power motes at a range of up to 3 m through a variety of media.
Observations of Pole-to-Pole, Stratosphere-to-Ionosphere Connection
Authors: Goncharenko L. P. , Harvey V. L. , Randall C. E. , Coster A. J. , Zhang S.-R. , Zalizovski A. , Galkin I. , Spraggs M. 
Published: January 2022

The behavior of the Earth’s middle atmosphere and ionosphere is governed by multiple processes resulting not only from downward energy transfer from the Sun and magnetosphere but also upward energy transfer from terrestrial weather. Understanding the relative importance of mechanisms beyond solar and geomagnetic activity is essential for progress in multi-day predictions of the Earth’s atmosphere-ionosphere system. The recent development of research infrastructure, particularly in Antarctica, allows the observation of new ionospheric features. Here we show for the first time that large disturbances observed in the Arctic winter polar stratosphere (20–50 km above ground and at 60–90°N) during a sudden stratospheric warming event are communicated across the globe and cause large disturbances in the summertime ionospheric plasma over Antarctica (60–90°S). Ionospheric anomalies reach ∼100% of the background level and are observed for multiple days. We suggest several possible terrestrial mechanisms that could contribute to the formation of upper atmospheric and ionospheric anomalies in the southern hemisphere.
Femtosecond Laser-Based Additive Manufacturing: Current Status and Perspectives
Authors: Kaligar Atiq Basha , Kumar Hemnath Anandan , Ali Asghar , Abuzaid Wael , Egilmez Mehmet , Alkhader Maen , Abed Farid , Alnaser Ali Sami 
Published: January 2022

The ever-growing interest in additive manufacturing (AM) is evidenced by its extensive utilisation to manufacture a broad spectrum of products across a range of industries such as defence, medical, aerospace, automotive, and electronics. Today, most laser-based AM is carried out by employing continuous-wave (CW) and long-pulsed lasers. The CW and long-pulsed lasers have the downside in that the thermal energy imparted by the laser diffuses around the irradiated spot and often leads to the creation of heat-affected zones (HAZs). Heat-affected zones may degrade the material strength by producing micro-cracks, porous structures and residual stresses. To address these issues, currently, attempts are being made to employ ultrafast laser sources, such as femtosecond (fs) lasers, in AM processes. Femtosecond lasers with pulse durations in the order of 10−15 s limit the destructive laser–material interaction and, thus, minimise the probability of the HAZs. This review summarises the current advancements in the field of femtosecond laser-based AM of metals and alloys. It also reports on the comparison of CW laser, nanosecond (ns)/picosecond (ps) lasers with fs laser-based AM in the context of heat-affected zones, substrate damage, microstructural changes and thermomechanical properties. To shed light on the principal mechanisms ruling the manufacturing processes, numerical predictions are discussed and compared with the experimental results. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this review is the first of its kind to encompass the current status, challenges and opportunities of employing fs lasers in additive manufacturing.
Comparative Effects of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors on Serum Electrolyte Levels in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Pairwise and Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Zhang Jingjing , Huan Yonghong , Leibensperger Mark , Seo Bojung , Song Yiqing 
Published: January 2022

Key Points

The relative efficacy of each specific sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor compared with the other in affecting electrolytes has rarely assessed in head-to-head trials.The study aimed to maximize statistical power to summarize direct and indirect evidence using both pairwise and network meta-analyses.Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors significantly increased serum magnesium and phosphate levels, supporting a class effect of sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibition.

Background
Previous studies have reported that sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors (SGLT2is) affect levels of serum electrolytes, especially magnesium. This study aimed to integrate direct and indirect trial evidence to maximize statistical power to clarify their overall and comparative effects in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Methods
We systematically searched PubMed, EMBASE, CENTRAL, and ClinicalTrials.gov up to January 2021 to identify eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of SGLT2is that reported mean changes in serum electrolytes, including magnesium, sodium, potassium, phosphate, and calcium. We performed both random-effects pairwise and network meta-analyses to calculate the weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).

Results
In total, we included 25 RCTs involving 28,269 patients with T2D and 6 SGLT2is. Compared with placebo, SGLT2is were significantly associated with elevations in serum magnesium by 0.07 mmol/L (95% CI, 0.06 to 0.08 mmol/L) and serum phosphate by 0.03 mmol/L (95% CI, 0.02 to 0.04 mmol/L). Our network meta-analysis showed no evidence of significantly superior efficacy of any specific SGLT2 inhibitor over the others, although dapagliflozin was associated with a larger increment in serum magnesium (WMD=0.16 mmol/L) compared with other SGLT2is. Similarly, no statistically detectable differences among the effects of SGLT2is on serum levels of other electrolytes were detected.

Conclusions
SGLT2is significantly increased serum magnesium and phosphate levels, consistent with a class effect of SGLT2 inhibition. However, further investigations of long-term efficacy and safety in patients with T2D with different clinical phenotypes are needed.
Effect of Cyclophosphamide and Glucocorticoid Therapy in IgA Nephropathy: A Single-Center Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Beck Nicolas , Walz Gerd , Schneider Johanna 
Published: January 2022

Key Points

Immunosuppressive therapy with cyclophosphamide combined with glucocorticoids improves kidney function, proteinuria, and hematuria.Immunosuppressive therapy with cyclophosphamide combined with glucocorticoids is safe for infectious complications.

Background
IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common primary glomerulonephritis in adults, which causes ESKD in ≤45% of patients in the long term. The optimal therapeutic approach remains undetermined. In this study, we report the results of a single-center retrospective analysis of patients with IgAN.

Methods
We retrospectively evaluated the therapeutic approach and outcome of all patients at our center with biopsy-proven IgAN between 2000 and 2020, focusing on the effect of intravenous cyclophosphamide therapy combined with glucocorticoids (“immunosuppressive therapy group”). The control group received standard supportive care.

Results
Patients in the immunosuppressive therapy group had worse kidney function before the initiation of therapy, as indicated by higher serum creatinine, more proteinuria, and a higher degree of hematuria than the control group; they also displayed a higher body mass index. The Oxford classification of IgA nephropathy (MEST-C score) suggested more inflammatory activity in the immunosuppressive therapy group, including more crescents and endocapillary hypercellularity. During the follow-up, proteinuria and hematuria decreased in both groups, and to a significantly greater extent in the immunosuppressive therapy group. Cyclophosphamide treatment significantly improved kidney function as determined by the fold-change of eGFR during the observation period. The number of infections and hospitalizations did not differ, but the incidence of diabetes was increased in the immunosuppressive therapy group.

Conclusions
This study suggests immunosuppressive therapy with cyclophosphamide combined with glucocorticoids improves kidney function, proteinuria, and hematuria. The therapy was safe for infectious complications, but was associated with an increased incidence of diabetes, which might be attributable in part to the use of steroids in patients with a higher body mass index at baseline. Although immunosuppressive therapy in IgAN remains controversial, our findings suggest that at least some patients benefit from more aggressive therapy.
LUTAS E RESISTÊNCIA DE UMA PROFESSORA AO MAGISTÉRIO NA ESCOLA JOSÉ DE ALENCAR -1982
Authors: Pereira da Costa Maria Clelia 
Published: January 2022

Objetivo apresentar a resistência de professoras ao exercício do magistério. Embasado nos estudos de Michel Foucault (2003). A metodologia qualitativa com entrevista semiestruturada realizada com Marlene e Perla. Os resultados indicam diversos traços de empoderamento. Palavras-Chaves: Resistência ao Magistério, Experiência de vida, Estudos foucaultianos
DESAIN JEMBATAN SUNGAI MESKOM MENGGUNAKAN GIRDER PRATEGANG
Authors: Al Ikhsan Al Ikhsan , Pribadi Juli Ardita , Puluhulawa Ndriyani 
Published: January 2022

Jembatan sungai Meskom awalnya merupakan jembatan balok T yang menghubungkan permukiman masyarakat setempat. Kondisijembatan tersebut saat ini memiliki pilar yang terlalu banyak yang berada dibawah balok T sehingga perahu-perahu nelayan tidak bisa melintasdibawah jembatan. Sehingga dicoba mendesain ulang jembatan tersebut menggunakan girder beton prategang. Dengan menggunakan girder prategangdiharapkan, sungai nantinya bisa difungsikan bagi masyarakat setempat dan perahu nelayan bisa melintas dibawah jembatan. Untuk analisa bebanmengacu pada standar pembebanan untuk jembatan SNI 1725-2016, dan SNI T-12-2004 untuk perencanaan struktur jembatan beton prategang.Desain meliputi Girder, diafragma, trotoar, slab. Hasil dari Desain yaitu lebar Slab jembatan 8 m, tebal 0,2 m, momen ultimit pada tumpuan 85,853kN, tulangan lentur negatif dan positif sama, yaitu Tulangan pokok D 16 – 100, tulangan bagi D 13 – 120.. Girder prategang menggunakan PCI girderdengan spesifikasi tinggi 0,9 m, beam spacing 2 m, mutu beton girder k-800. Kabel prestress pada desain PCI girder digunakan 4 tendon yang masing – masing terdiri dari 19 kawat jenis uncoated 7 wire super strands ASTM A-416 grade 270.Gaya prategang awal 5442,998 kN, gaya yang terjadiakibat jacking 4802,645 kN, dan gaya prategang akhir diperkirakan kehilangan tegangan (loss of prestress) 30% yaitu 3810,09 kN.
ABU KULIT PINANG SEBAGAI PENGGANTI FILLER PADA CAMPURAN AC-BC
Authors: Utami Andika , Sastra Marhadi , Zulkarnain Zulkarnain 
Published: January 2022

AbstrakAC-BC merupakan salah satu bagian dari lapis perkerasan yang berfungsi sebagai lapis antara yang menahan beban maksimum akibat beban lalu lintas. Bahanperkerasan campuran AC-BC terdiri dari agregat kasar, agregat halus, bahan pengisi (Filler) dan aspal. Penelitian ini merupakan eksperimen untuk mencarialternatif pengganti filler dengan memanfaatkan limbah abu kulit pinang karena semakin meningkatnya harga material menjadi kendala dalammewujudkan pembangunan jalan aspal beton yang lebih layak. Dalam menanggapi hal ini perlu dipikirkan suatu bahan pengganti yang dapat diperoleh denganmudah serta diproduksi misalnya memanfaatkan limbah kulit pinang sebagai filler campuran beton aspal. Tujuan dan manfaat penelitian ini adalah untukmengetahui karakteristik campuran AC-BC dengan abu pinang sebagai filler melalui pengujian marshall sehingga diketahuinya nilai Stabilitas, VIM, VMA,VFWA, Flow, MQ. Aspal yang digunakan adalah aspal pen 60/70, berdasarkan hasil pengujian didapat kadar aspal yaitu 5,0% dengan variasi campuran abupinang 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% dan 100%. Untuk komposisi agregat untuk AC-BC : agregat kasar 60,5%, agregat halus 33,5%. Hasil pengujian abu kulitpinang sebagai berikut : Stabilitas (kg) = 3517,91> 800, VIM (%) = 4,20 >3-5%, VMA (%) = 14,26>14, VFWA (%) = 70,77>63, Flow (mm) = 2,50> 2-4,Density = 2,32 MQ (kg) = 1462,63>250.
DESAIN JEMBATAN JALAN DATUK LAKSAMANA DENGANT-GIRDERMENGGUNAKANSNI 1725-2016
Authors: Ahmadi Fahrul , Puluhulawa Indriyani 
Published: January 2022

Jembatan Jalan Datuk Laksamana dengan panjang 20 m dan lebar 3 m, yang menghubungkan antara Desa Bukit Batu dan Desa Sukajadi Kecamatan Bukit Batu merupakan jembatan beton bertulang dengan lantai kayu yang mengalami kerusakan, diantaranya pada balok yang keropos/retak dan lantai jembatan yang mengalami pelapukan. Untuk itu direncanakanlah struktur atas jembatan dengan tipeT-Girder, yang mengacukepadaSNI1725-2016 tentang pembebanan untukjembatandanSNIT-12-2004tentangperencanaanstrukturbeton untukjembatan.Hasil desain, perhitungan plat lantai jembatan diperoleh dimensi tulangan utama D16 - 200 mm dan tulangan bagi D13 - 300 mm.Slab trotoar diperoleh tulangan pokok D16 - 200 mm, dan tulangan longitudinal D13- 400 mm. Dinding railing diperoleh tulangan lentur 2ɸ12dan tulangan geserØ8 - 100 mm.Plat injak arah memanjang dan arah melintang diperoleh dimensi tulangan D16 - 200 mm. Balok girder untuk tulangan lentur diperoleh tulangan tarik 18D32 mm dan tulangan tekan 5D32, Sedangkan tulangan geser Ø12 - 100 mmdan tulangan badan diperoleh 8Ø12.Balok diafragma diperoleh tulangan tarik dan tulangan tekan sama 3D16, Sedangkan tulangan geser Ø12 - 150 mm dan tulangan badan diperoleh 2Ø12 mm. Sementara itu untuk perletakan diperoleh dimensi 440 mm x 400mm x 129 mm.
DESAIN JEMBATAN KOMPOSIT PADA SUNGAI JALAN ANTARA RUPAT UTARA
Authors: Amri Syahrul , Puluhulawa Indriyani 
Published: January 2022

Jembatan adalah bagian dari sistem transportasi nasional yang mempunyai peranan penting. Jembatan yang terletak pada Sungai Jalan Antara awalnya adalah jembatan kayu. Dikarenakan kondisi Jembatan ini sudah mengalami kerusakan terutama pada bagian lantai, maka direncanakan menggunakan jembatan dengan jenis struktur komposit. Perencanaan ini telah dilakukan analisis beban yang mengacu pada Standart Pembebanan untuk Jembatan RSNI T-02-2005 dan untuk perencanaan struktur baja jembatan SNI T-03-2005. Tahapan perencanaan diawali dengan penentuan dimensi girder, elastomer bearing, diafragma, lantai, trotoar, tiang sandaran, dan plat. Hasil yang diperoleh yaitu tulangan utama slab D13-200. Profil girder baja menggunakan baja WF900×300×16×28 mm dengan jarak antar girder 1,5 m. Penambahan cover plate 300×10mm pada tengah bentang sepanjang 15 m, dan diafragma baja WF 500×200×10×16 mm dengan jarak antar diafragma 5,5 m.
EVALUASI KEANDALAN EMBUNG DI KOMPLEK PERKANTORAN PEMERINTAH KOTA PEKANBARU AKIBAT PEMEKARAN KECAMATAN TENAYAN RAYA
Authors: Yasri Desi , Haniza Sjelly , Cahyono Adam Priyo 
Published: January 2022

Pengalihan fungsi lahan menjadi Komplek Perkantoran Pemerintah Kota Pekanbaru menyebabkan masuknya air kedalam tanah menjadi berkurang dan limpasan permukaan (surface runoff) dari wilayah Kecamatan Tenayan Raya Kota Pekanbaru menjadi meningkat.Pembangunan embung di kawasan tersebut bertujuan sebagai resapan air, pengendali banjir dan sumber air baku bagi daerah sekitar Kelurahan Bencah Lesung.Pertumbuhan penduduk dan perubahan batas wilayah berdasarkan Peraturan Wali Kota Pekanbaru Nomor 188 Tahun 2017 tentang Penetapan Batas Wilayah Kelurahan menjadi dasar perlunya evaluasi keandalan embung. Penelitian dilakukan dengan melakukan analisa kebutuhan air bersih dan analisa hidrologi dan klimatologi untuk mendapatkan keandalan debit embung dengan metode NRECA. Data kependudukan dan hidrologi diambil dengan kurun tahun 2010-2019. Hasil analisa kebutuhan air bersih untuk proyeksi jumlah penduduk 50 tahun mendatang sebesar 0,49 m3/dtk dimana debit keandalan 90% dari data hidrologi dan klimatologi untuk kebutuhan air baku sebesar 1,79 m3/dtk. Hasil analisis juga menunjukkan bahwa kapasitas tampungan embung di Kelurahan Bencah Lesung sebesar 884.990 m3dengan debit banjir rencana kala ulang 50 tahun sebesar 133,352 m3/dtk dinyatakan masih memadai.
Analisis Faktor – Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Minat Wisata Berkunjung Di Kampung Coklat Kademangan Kabupaten Blitar
Authors: Farida Nurul 
Published: January 2022

This study aimed to determine the effect of service quality, perceived prize, location, and facilities either partially or simultaneously to visit tourist interest in “ Kampung Coklat”. The research is a quantitative, where to get data by survey and questionnaire as an instrument. The population as a whole study subjects were tourists visiting “Kampung coklat”. Sampels were taken from 100 people at random population. Test the validity of the instrument using Coeficient Correlation Pearson, and reliability testing using Cronbach Alpha. The Analisis Technique used is multiple regression analysis. Of research findings prove that, in partial service quality significantly influence buying interest with thitung (2.830) > ttabel (1,988) with a significance value (0006), and facilities significantly influence buying interest with thitung (4.859)> ttabel (1.988 ) with significant value (0.000). whereas the perception of price is partially no significant influence on buying interest with thitung (1589) < ttabel (1,988) with a significance value (0.115), and the location is partially not significantly influence buying interest with thitung (1229) < ttabel (1,988 ) with significant value (0222). And simultaneously the quality of service, perception of price, location, amenities and significant effect on buying interest with a value of Fhitung (29 909)> Ftabel (2,467) with a significance value (0.000)
A bonding-less 5-GHz RFID module using inductive coupling between IC and antenna
Authors: Miura Reiji , Shibata Saito , Usui Masahiro , Shiba Kota , Kosuge Atsutake , Hamada Mototsugu , Kuroda Tadahiro 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This paper presents a bonding-less 5-GHz RFID tag module using an 85% downsized RFID tag chip and a 97% downsized antenna. Inductive (or magnetic) coupling between the antenna and the chip realizes low cost bonding-less implementation. Compared with a conventional module operating in the UHF band, the proposed module operating in the 5GHz range is downsized in terms of both the chip and the antenna sizes. The experimental results confirmed that the proposed RFID tag module successfully works at 20 cm away from a reader whose output power is 15 dBm, achieving the same figure of merit as a conventionally bonded module. Moreover, this paper confirmed that the misalignment tolerance of the inductive coupling can be up to 50 μm.
Nuclear-spin evidence of insulating and antiferromagnetic state of CuO2 planes in superconducting Pr2Ba4Cu7O15−δ
Authors: Nishioka Sotaro , Sasaki Susumu , Nakagawa Shunsaku , Yashima Mitsuharu , Mukuda Hidekazu , Yogi Mamoru , Shimoyama Jun-ichi 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In contrast to the “Pr-issue” that neither PrBa2Cu3O7 (Pr123) nor PrBa2Cu4O8 (Pr124) shows superconductivity (SC), we have observed 100%-fraction of SC in an oxygen-reduced Pr2Ba4Cu7O15−δ
(Pr247) which has a hybrid structure that Pr247 = Pr123 + Pr124. It is found that Cu nuclear-spin signals from the CuO2 planes observed at 300 K are completely wiped out at 2 K. Instead, the plane signals at 2 K are observed at higher frequencies. This indicates that, despite the bulk SC, the CuO2 planes in Pr247 are found to be in an insulating and antiferromagnetically ordered state.
Relative letter-position coding revisited
Authors: Snell Joshua , Grainger Jonathan , Meeter Martijn 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe notion that the brain achieves visual word recognition by encoding the relative positions of letters with open-bigram representations (e.g., ‘h-e’, ‘h-r’ and ‘e-r’ driving recognition of ‘her’) has been successful in accounting for many behaviors and phenomena. However, one characteristic of open-bigrams has remained unexplored: How is the activation of a bigram modulated by the distance between its constituents in the visual field? On the one hand, contiguous letters (e.g., ‘at’ in ‘father’) may allow for a clearer percept of the bigram. On the other hand, an increasing distance between letters (e.g., ‘ae’ in ‘father’) should create more certainty about their relative positions, which is precisely what the bigram is meant to convey. This matter was investigated with two experiments in which participants indicated whether target pairs of letters occurred in random letter strings. They were instructed that letter order mattered (i.e., ‘a-b’ does not occur in ‘kbac’), while letter contiguity did not (i.e., ‘a-b’ occurs in ‘akcb’). Controlling for crowding and eccentricity, bigrams were recognized faster upon decreasing the letter distance. However, when switching the target letter order (meaning the string should be met by a ‘no’ response), shorter letter distances yielded slower responses and more false positives. Neither relative position-coding models nor absolute position-coding models accommodate both these patterns at once. We discuss how a complete account of our effects may instead combine elements from both model types.
The experience of the questionnaire among the Turkish-speaking students at the Turkish non-linguistic university
Authors: Коновалова Л.П. 
Published: January 2022

В статье анализируется опыт анкетирования туркоговорящих студентов, факультативно изучающих РКИ в турецком неязыковом вузе, описываются предшествующие исследования подобного рода в турецких вузах. Подробно рассматривается опыт собственного анкетирования турецких студентов в университете Ящар (г. Измир, Турция). В результате выяснены возрастные особенности учащихся, цели изучения РКИ, предпочтительные способы освоения языка, а также трудности, с которыми сталкиваются студенты в учебном процессе. В соответствии с полученными данными дается ряд методических указаний, способных повысить эффективность факультативного обучения РКИ в турецком неязыковом вузе.
This article analyzes the experience of a Turkish-speaking students questioning who optionally learn Russian as a foreign language in a Turkish non-linguistic university, anticipating it by a description of previous studies of this kind in Turkish universities. The experience of the own questioning of Turkish students at Yashar University (Izmir, Turkey) is considered in detail. As a result, the age characteristics of the students, the goals of learning Russian as a foreign language, the preferred ways of learning the language, and the difficulties faced by students in the educational process have been clarified. In accordance with the data obtained, a number of guidelines are given that can improve the efficiency of optional training of RLT in a Turkish non-linguistic university.