bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the diversity of magnetar-driven kilonovae
Authors: Sarin Nikhil , Omand Conor M B , Margalit Ben , Jones David I 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT
A non-negligible fraction of binary neutron star mergers are expected to form long-lived neutron star remnants, dramatically altering the multimessenger signatures of a merger. Here, we extend existing models for magnetar-driven kilonovae and explore the diversity of kilonovae and kilonova afterglows. Focusing on the role of the (uncertain) magnetic field strength, we study the resulting electromagnetic signatures as a function of the external dipolar and internal toroidal fields. These two parameters govern, respectively, the competition between magnetic-dipole spin-down and gravitational-wave spin-down (due to magnetic-field deformation) of the rapidly rotating remnant. We find that even in the parameter space where gravitational-wave emission is dominant, a kilonova with a magnetar central engine will be significantly brighter than one without an engine, as this parameter space is where more of the spin-down luminosity is thermalized. In contrast, a system with minimal gravitational-wave emission will produce a kilonova that may be difficult to distinguish from ordinary kilonovae unless early epoch observations are available. However, as the bulk of the energy in this parameter space goes into accelerating the ejecta, such a system will produce a brighter kilonova afterglow that will peak in shorter times. To effectively hide the presence of the magnetar from the kilonova and kilonova afterglow, the rotational energy inputted into the ejecta must be ≲10−3to 10−2Erot. We discuss the different diagnostics available to identify magnetar-driven kilonovae in serendipitous observations and draw parallels to other potential magnetar-driven explosions, such as superluminous supernovae and broad-line supernovae Ic.
Constraining the Hubble constant and its lower limit from the proper motion of extragalactic radio jets
Authors: Hsiao Tiger Yu-Yang , Goto Tomotsugu , Hashimoto Tetsuya , Santos Daryl Joe D , Wong Yi Hang Valerie , Kim Seong Jin , Raquel Bjorn Jasper R , Ho Simon C-C , Chen Bo-Han , Kilerci Ece , Lu Ting-Yi , On Alvina Y L , Lin Yu-Wei , Wu Cossas K-W 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT
The Hubble constant (H0) is a measurement to describe the expansion rate of the Universe in the current era. However, there is a 4.4σ discrepancy between the measurements from the early Universe and the late Universe. In this research, we propose a model-free and distance-free method to constrain H0. Combining Friedman–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker cosmology with geometrical relation of the proper motion of extragalactic jets, the lower limit (H0,min) of H0 can be determined using only three cosmology-free observables: the redshifts of the host galaxies, and the approaching and receding angular velocities of radio jets. Using these, we propose to use the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test (K–S test) between cumulative distribution functions of H0,min to differentiate cosmology. We simulate 100, 200, and 500 extragalactic jets with three levels of accuracy of the proper motion (μa and μr), at 10, 5, and 1 per cent, corresponding to the accuracies of the current and future radio interferometers. We perform K–S tests between the simulated samples as theoretical distributions with different H0 and power-law index of velocity distribution of jets and mock observational data. Our result suggests increasing sample sizes leads to tighter constraints on both power-law index and the Hubble constant at moderate accuracy (i.e. $10$ and $5{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$), while at $1{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ accuracy, increasing sample sizes leads to tighter constraints on power-law index more. Improving accuracy results in better constraints in the Hubble constant compared with the power-law index in all cases, but it alleviates the degeneracy.
The VISCACHA survey – V. Rejuvenating three faint SMC clusters
Authors: Bica E , Maia F F S , Oliveira R A P , Dias B , Santos J F C , Rocha J P , Kerber L , Gardin J F , Armond T , Parisi M C , Souza S O , Barbuy B 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT
We present the analysis of three faint clusters of the Small Magellanic Cloud RZ 82, HW 42, and RZ 158. We employed the SOAR telescope instrument SAM with adaptive optics, allowing us to reach to V ∼ 23–24 mag, unprecedentedly, a depth sufficient to measure ages of up to about 10–12 Gyr. All three clusters are resolved to their centres, and the resulting colour–magnitude diagrams (CMDs) allow us to derive ages of 3.9, 2.6, and 4.8 Gyr, respectively. These results are significantly younger than previous determinations (7.1, 5.0, and 8.3 Gyr, respectively), based on integrated photometry or shallower CMDs. We rule out older ages for these clusters based on deep photometry and statistical isochrone fitting. We also estimate metallicities for the three clusters of $\rm {[Fe/H]}=-0.68$, −0.57, and −0.90, respectively. These updated ages and metallicities are in good agreement with the age-metallicity relation for the bulk of SMC clusters. Total cluster masses ranging from $\sim 7\!-\!11\cdot 10^3\, \mathit{ M}_\odot$ were estimated from integrated flux, consistent with masses estimated for other SMC clusters of similar ages. These results reduce the number of SMC clusters known to be older than about 5 Gyr and highlight the need of deep and spatially resolved photometry to determine accurate ages for older low-luminosity SMC star clusters.
Celda: a Bayesian model to perform co-clustering of genes into modules and cells into subpopulations using single-cell RNA-seq data
Authors: Wang Zhe , Yang Shiyi , Koga Yusuke , Corbett Sean E , Shea Conor V , Johnson W Evan , Yajima Masanao , Campbell Joshua D 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSingle-cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) has emerged as a powerful technique to quantify gene expression in individual cells and to elucidate the molecular and cellular building blocks of complex tissues. We developed a novel Bayesian hierarchical model called Cellular Latent Dirichlet Allocation (Celda) to perform co-clustering of genes into transcriptional modules and cells into subpopulations. Celda can quantify the probabilistic contribution of each gene to each module, each module to each cell population and each cell population to each sample. In a peripheral blood mononuclear cell dataset, Celda identified a subpopulation of proliferating T cells and a plasma cell which were missed by two other common single-cell workflows. Celda also identified transcriptional modules that could be used to characterize unique and shared biological programs across cell types. Finally, Celda outperformed other approaches for clustering genes into modules on simulated data. Celda presents a novel method for characterizing transcriptional programs and cellular heterogeneity in scRNA-seq data.
Inferring structural and dynamical properties of gene networks from data with deep learning
Authors: Chen Feng , Li Chunhe 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The reconstruction of gene regulatory networks (GRNs) from data is vital in systems biology. Although different approaches have been proposed to infer causality from data, some challenges remain, such as how to accurately infer the direction and type of interactions, how to deal with complex network involving multiple feedbacks, as well as how to infer causality between variables from real-world data, especially single cell data. Here, we tackle these problems by deep neural networks (DNNs). The underlying regulatory network for different systems (gene regulations, ecology, diseases, development) can be successfully reconstructed from trained DNN models. We show that DNN is superior to existing approaches including Boolean network, Random Forest and partial cross mapping for network inference. Further, by interrogating the ensemble DNN model trained from single cell data from dynamical system perspective, we are able to unravel complex cell fate dynamics during preimplantation development. We also propose a data-driven approach to quantify the energy landscape for gene regulatory systems, by combining DNN with the partial self-consistent mean field approximation (PSCA) approach. We anticipate the proposed method can be applied to other fields to decipher the underlying dynamical mechanisms of systems from data.
Phase I dose escalation and expansion trial of single agent ONC201 in pediatric diffuse midline gliomas following radiotherapy
Authors: Gardner Sharon L , Tarapore Rohinton S , Allen Jeffrey , McGovern Susan L , Zaky Wafik , Odia Yazmin , Daghistani Doured , Diaz Zuanel , Hall Matthew D , Khatib Ziad , Koschmann Carl , Cantor Evan , Kurokawa Ryo , MacDonald Tobey J , Aguilera Dolly , Vitanza Nicholas A , Mueller Sabine , Kline Cassie , Lu Guangrong , Allen Joshua E , Khatua Soumen 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Background
ONC201, a dopamine receptor D2 (DRD2) antagonist and caseinolytic protease P (ClpP) agonist, has induced durable tumor regressions in adults with recurrent H3 K27M-mutant glioma. We report results from the first phase I pediatric clinical trial of ONC201.

Methods
This open-label, multi-center clinical trial (NCT03416530) of ONC201 for pediatric H3 K27M-mutant diffuse midline glioma (DMG) or diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) employed a dose-escalation and dose-expansion design. The primary endpoint was the recommended phase II dose (RP2D). A standard 3 + 3 dose escalation design was implemented. The target dose was the previously established adult RP2D (625 mg), scaled by body weight. Twenty-two pediatric patients with DMG/DIPG were treated following radiation; prior lines of systemic therapy in addition to radiation were permitted providing sufficient time had elapsed prior to study treatment.

Results
The RP2D of orally administered ONC201 in this pediatric population was determined to be the adult RP2D (625 mg), scaled by body weight; no dose-limiting toxicities (DLT) occurred. The most frequent treatment-emergent Grade 1-2 AEs were headache, nausea, vomiting, dizziness and increase in alanine aminotransferase. Pharmacokinetics were determined following the first dose: T1/2, 8.4 h; Tmax, 2.1 h; Cmax, 2.3 µg/mL; AUC0-tlast, 16.4 hµg/mL. Median duration of treatment was 20.6 weeks (range 5.1-129). Five (22.7%) patients, all of whom initiated ONC201 following radiation and prior to recurrence, were alive at 2 years from diagnosis.

Conclusions
The adult 625 mg weekly RP2D of ONC201 scaled by body weight was well tolerated. Further investigation of ONC201 for DMG/DIPG is warranted.
Neurocognitive impairment, neurobehavioral symptoms, fatigue, sleep disturbance, and depressive symptoms in patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma
Authors: Sekely Angela , Bernstein Lori J , Campbell Kristin L , Mason Warren P , Laperriere Normand , Kalidindi Navya , Or Rosemarylin , Ramos Ronald , Climans Seth A , Pond Gregory R , Ann Millar Barbara , Shultz David , Tsang Derek S , Zadeh Gelareh , Edelstein Kim 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundIn addition to poor survival rates, individuals with glioblastoma (GBM) are at risk of neurocognitive impairment due to multiple factors. This study aimed to characterize neurocognitive impairment, neurobehavioral symptoms, fatigue, sleep disturbance, and depressive symptoms in newly diagnosed GBM patients; and to examine whether neurobehavioral symptoms, fatigue, sleep, and depressive symptoms influence neurocognitive performance.MethodsThis study was part of a prospective, inception cohort, single-arm exercise intervention in which GBM patients underwent a neuropsychological assessment shortly after diagnosis (median 4 weeks; ie, baseline) and 3, 6, 12, and 18 months later, or until tumor progression. Here, we present baseline data. Forty-five GBM patients (mean age = 55 years) completed objective neurocognitive tests, and self-report measures of neurobehavioral symptoms, fatigue, sleep disturbance, and depressive symptoms.ResultsCompared to normative samples, GBM patients scored significantly lower on all neurocognitive tests, with 34 (76%) patients exhibiting neurocognitive impairment. Specifically, 53% exhibited impairment in memory retention, 51% in executive function, 42% in immediate recall, 41% in verbal fluency, and 24% in attention. There were high rates of clinically elevated sleep disturbance (70%), fatigue (57%), depressive symptoms (16%), and neurobehavioral symptoms (27%). A multivariate regression analysis revealed that depressive symptoms are significantly associated with neurocognitive impairment.ConclusionsGBM patients are vulnerable to adverse outcomes including neurocognitive impairment, neurobehavioral symptoms, fatigue, sleep disturbance, and depressive symptoms shortly after diagnosis, prior to completing chemoradiation. Those with increased depressive symptoms are more likely to demonstrate neurocognitive impairment, highlighting the need for early identification and treatment of depression in this population.
Effectiveness of Different Antimicrobial Strategies for Staphylococcal Prosthetic Joint Infection: Results From a Large Prospective Registry-Based Cohort Study
Authors: Scheper Henk , van der Wal Robert J P , Mahdad Rachid , Keizer Stefan , Delfos Nathalie M , van der Lugt Joris C T , Veldkamp Karin Ellen , Nolte Peter A. , Leendertse Masja , Gelinck Luc B S , Mollema Femke P N , Schippers Emile F , Wattel-Louis Hanke G , Visser Leo G , Nelissen Rob G. H. H. , de Boer Mark G J 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Background
Treatment of staphylococcal prosthetic joint infection (PJI) usually consists of surgical debridement and prolonged rifampicin combination therapy. Tailored antimicrobial treatment alternatives are needed due to frequent side effects and drug-drug interactions with rifampicin combination therapy. We aimed to assess the effectiveness of several alternative antibiotic strategies in patients with staphylococcal PJI.

Methods
In this prospective, multicenter registry-based study, all consecutive patients with a staphylococcal PJI, treated with debridement, antibiotics and implant retention (DAIR) or 1-stage revision surgery between January 1, 2015 and November 3, 2020, were included. Patients were treated with a long-term rifampicin combination strategy (in 2 centers) or a short-term rifampicin combination strategy (in 3 centers). Antimicrobial treatment strategies in these centers were defined before the start of the registry. Patients were stratified in different groups, depending on the used antimicrobial strategy. Cox proportional hazards models were used to compare outcome between the groups.

Results
Two hundred patients were included and stratified in 1 long-term rifampicin group (traditional rifampicin combination therapy) or 1 of 3 short-term rifampicin groups (clindamycin or flucloxacillin or vancomycin monotherapy, including rifampicin for only 5 postoperative days). Adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) for failure in patients treated with short-term rifampicin and either flucloxacillin or clindamycin were almost equal to patients treated with long-term rifampicin combination therapy (aHR = 1.21; 95% confidence interval, .34–4.40).

Conclusions
A short-term rifampicin strategy with either clindamycin or flucloxacillin and only 5 days of rifampicin was found to be as effective as traditional long-term rifampicin combination therapy. A randomized controlled trial is needed to further address efficacy and safety of alternative treatment strategies for staphylococcal PJI.
Grounding:De ReandDe Dicto
Authors: De Rizzo Julio 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIs the macro grounded in the micro? That is, is every truth about a macroscopic object fully grounded in a truth wholly about its microscopic parts? In a recent interesting paper, Martin Glazier argued for a negative answer. Following him, call the position that the macro is grounded in the micro ‘priority micro pluralism’ (‘pluralism’ for short). In this discussion note, I propose a way out for the pluralist. In brief, it consists in the recognition that some metaphysical positions, including pluralism, are best expressed by fundamentally de dicto grounding claims. In that these claims have a distinctive modal force, this recognition has far-reaching consequences that go beyond a defence of pluralism.
Religious Decline as a Population Dynamic: Generational Replacement and Religious Attendance in Europe
Authors: Molteni Francesco , Biolcati Ferruccio 
Published: September 2022

AbstractNothing puzzles sociologists of religion more than the reasons and the patterns behind religious change. In the literature on secularization processes, it is broadly accepted that ongoing modernization has undermined many of the pillars of institutional religions, leading to widespread religious decline. While a considerable body of research investigates the “why(s)” of this decline, the main focus of this paper is on the “how.” Drawing on CARPE, a harmonized dataset concerning church attendance with almost 2 million observations spanning over 40 years in 39 European countries, this article disentangles the contributions of period change and cohort replacement to the general religious decline. It shows that this decline reflects a real population dynamic based on generational replacement. It is not historical events or developments affecting everyone that undermine religion: new and less religious cohorts are replacing old and more religious ones. Like many other population dynamics, this process is described by an S-shaped curve and applies—with different speeds and levels—to almost all the European countries considered herein. These findings suggest that the effects of the processes of modernization on the mechanisms of religious socialization should be scrutinized more carefully when studying the reasons behind religious decline.
Treating Religion as a Personal Choice: Opportunities and Dilemmas Involved in the Religious Identity Constructions of Turkish Muslim Immigrants
Authors: Akova Feyza 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Studies examining the implications of treating religion as a personal choice have often focused on whether this individualistic approach to religion has undermined or strengthened religious commitment and identity. My findings, which are based on qualitative in-depth interviews with 20 Turkish Muslim immigrants living in the United States, show that treating religion as a personal choice does not simply intensify or weaken religious identities but instead generates opportunities while simultaneously leading to dilemmas surrounding individual religious identity constructions. Furthermore, my findings concerning the dilemmas arising from this particular approach to religion show that individuals can still remain attached to religious authority structures despite repeatedly mobilizing a discourse that signals autonomy via narratives of “choice.” This finding revises assumptions about how religious identities take shape in the cultural context of religious individualism and contributes to the study of Muslim immigrant religious identities.
The Characteristics and Survival Potential Under Sub-lethal Stress of Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cells Isolated from the Human Vascular Wall
Authors: Ciavarella Carmen , Valente Sabrina , Pasquinelli Gianandrea 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) have been identified in multiple human tissues, including the vascular wall. High proliferative potential, multilineage, and immunomodulatory properties make vascular MSCs promising candidates for regenerative medicine. Indeed, their location is strategic for controlling vascular and extra-vascular tissue homeostasis. However, the clinical application of MSCs, and in particular vascular MSCs, is still challenging. Current studies are focused on developing strategies to improve MSC therapeutic applications, like priming MSCs with stress conditions (hypoxia, nutrient deprivation) to achieve a higher therapeutic potential. The goal of the present study is to review the main findings regarding the MSCs isolated from the human vascular wall. Further, the main priming strategies tested on MSCs from different sources are reported, together with the experience on vascular MSCs isolated from healthy cryopreserved and pathological arteries. Stress induction can be a priming approach able to improve MSC effectiveness through several mechanisms that are discussed in this review. Nevertheless, these issues have not been completely explored in vascular MSCs and potential side effects need to be investigated.
Receipt of Recovery-Oriented Care Practices During Hospitalization for Sepsis
Authors: Watson Megan A. , Anderson Clare , Karlic Kevin J. , Hogan Cainnear K. , Seelye Sarah , Taylor Stephanie P. , Prescott Hallie C. 
Published: September 2022

OBJECTIVES:
Survivors of sepsis hospitalization are at high risk for postsepsis morbidity, readmission, and death, but these negative outcomes can be mitigated by receipt of recommended care practices. We sought to assess factors associated with the receipt of recommended recovery-oriented care practices during hospitalization for sepsis. We hypothesized that patients treated in the ICU may be more likely than ward-treated patients to receive recommended care practices given the increasing focus on survivorship in the critical care field.

DESIGN:
Observational cohort study.

SETTING:
Michigan Medicine, a tertiary academic medical center.

PATIENTS:
Adult patients discharged alive from a hospitalization with a primary diagnosis of sepsis or septic shock in 2019. We further limited our cohort to patients receiving longitudinal care viewable in the Michigan Medicine electronic health record to ensure ability to capture posthospital care and outcomes.

INTERVENTIONS:
None.

MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:
Three-hundred sixty-five sepsis hospitalizations met study inclusion criteria. Using structured chart review, we determined receipt of the following recovery-based care practices during hospitalization: medication optimization, functional status evaluation at discharge, sepsis education, and scheduled follow-up within 2 weeks. The cohort was 46.6% female, 81.1% White, with a median age of 64 years. 51.2% were treated in the ICU. Medication optimization occurred in 93.7%, functional status evaluation in 82.7%, sepsis education in 20.0%, and scheduled follow-up within 2 weeks in 54.5%. ICU-treated patients had lower receipt of medication optimization and follow-up scheduling but greater receipt of functional and mental health status evaluations. In multivariable models, ICU treatment was associated with lower odds of receiving medication optimization (adjusted odds ratio, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.03–0.69) and not associated with receipt of other care practices.

CONCLUSIONS:
Our study shows incomplete receipt of recommended recovery-based care practices during sepsis hospitalization in both ward and ICU-treated patients. Sepsis education and mental health evaluation were particularly uncommon.