bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sphere‐decoding based equalization for reduced‐zero‐padding orthogonal time frequency space modulation
Authors: Zhang Yuan , Du Peng 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis work studies the equalization methods for the reduced zero‐padding version of the orthogonal time frequency space modulation. Here, the focus is on applications in low data rate scenarios such as the Internet of Things, and the case where the number of subcarriers and time slots are small will be considered. First, the system equation is established to model the inter‐subcarrier and inter‐slot interference phenomena. Based on the system model, three sphere‐decoding based equalization methods are proposed. The first method is to directly apply the sphere‐decoding algorithm on the full‐scale system model; for the second method, the transmitter needs to perform the triangular precoding; and for the third method, the transmitter needs to perform the diagonal precoding. Simulation results show that the proposed sphere‐decoding based methods achieve better bit error rate performance than the state‐of‐the‐art methods like message passing, unitary approximate message passing, and variational approximate message passing, especially when the channel has severe inter‐slot interference.
Factors influencing actuator’s backdrivability in human-centered robotics
Authors: Lopez Garcia Pablo , Saerens Elias , Crispel Stein , Varadharajan Anand , Lefeber Dirk , Verstraten Tom 
Published: October 2022

Human-Centered Robotics aims to use robotic devices to improve our life. In Europe alone, around 650.000 people live with limb amputations, 40 Mio. have jobs with high of lumbar injuries, and 40 Mio. are 80+ years. Worldwide, active prostheses, exoskeletons, and service robots could help improve these people’s lives. However, their adoption is unfortunately strongly hindered by technological limitations in the actuators powering these devices.Backdrivability characterizes an actuator’s ability to be driven from the load side, and it is a crucial property to enabling capable human-centered robotic devices. In this paper, we describe the underlying factors that determine actuator backdrivability in robotics and investigate suitable scaling laws to understand how these factors are conditioned by the motor and gearbox selection and the specific operational cycle of a robotic device. This analysis unveils the complexity and challenges faced to accurately model and predict this complex phenomenon, contradicting an extended hypothesis in the robotics community that sees low-ratio transmissions as the best strategy to build backdrivable, lightweight actuators.
Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity among Adolescents: A School-Based Preliminary Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Mathew Shycil , D'Souza Jenifer , Saldanha Prakash 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Introduction Globally, the magnitude of overweight and obesity is alarmingly high. In recent years, there are increased opportunities for adolescents to become overweight due to their sedentary lifestyles. Obesity is a chronic, noncommunicable, and lifestyle diseases resulting from energy imbalance. On evidence, overweight and obesity are still preventable as primordial prevention. Thus, knowing the prevalence will help us to plan prevention strategies.
Objectives The objective of the study was to identify the prevalence of overweight and obesity among adolescents in selected urban high schools at Mangaluru, Dakshina Kannada, India.
Materials and Methods A quantitative descriptive cross-sectional study was performed in adolescents with the age group of 13 to 15 years. Data was collected by using a body mass index screening tool through Google Forms. A total of 1100 adolescents participated in the study.
Results Almost 82.2% of the total adolescents were in the age group of 13 years with a mean age of 13.95 ± 1.02 standard deviation. Most 70% of them were females and 98.1% of adolescents place of stay was at home. Magnitude of overweight and obesity among urban adolescents in this study was 237(21.6%). A significant positive association was found between body mass index with selected demographic variables such as age, family history of overweight and obesity, and screen time more than 2 hours per day among adolescents with a p less than 0.05 level of significance.
Conclusion This study revealed that current magnitude of overweight and obesity among adolescents is growing high. Health promotion activities need to be planned and there is a need to identify the challenges to implement such activities. Irrespective of all the barriers, it is the responsibility of all stakeholders to help adolescents to adopt healthy lifestyle in all aspects to have a healthier nation. A self-reported anthropometric measurement in adolescents can be used to reach out to the target population.
The impacts of carbon pricing on the electricity market in Japan
Authors: Ding Ding 
Published: October 2022

AbstractTo achieve carbon neutrality by 2050, Japan should speed up reducing fossil fuel reliance on production, especially for energy-intensive sectors. One way is by implementing a carbon pricing system, converting emissions from fossil fuels to costs of production and consumption. This study focuses on the correlation between the price of wholesale electricity spot market and carbon cost of nine regions in Japan through carbon cost pass-through rate. This paper applies polynomial OLS regression with degree two through machine learning technics to better fit the relationship between electricity price and demand and also applies a generalized additive model to capture the nonlinear relationship between fuel spread and carbon cost and test the robustness of estimated CPTR. The results show that Hokuriku, Kyushu, Shikoku, Tohoku, and Tokyo have a lower value carbon cost pass-through rate while Kansai, Chubu, and Chugoku have a higher rate of carbon cost pass-through. There is a special case in Hokkaido as the negative relationship between electricity price and carbon cost. Those findings are also crucial in supporting future policy adjustments.
M-STAR: Magnetism second target advanced reflectometer at the Spallation Neutron Source
Authors: Lauter Valeria , Wang Kang , Mewes Tim , Glavic Artur , Toperverg Boris , Ahmadi Mahshid , Assaf Badih , Hu Bin , Li Mingda , Liu Xinyu , Liu Yaohua , Moodera Jagadeesh , Rokhinson Leonid , Singh Deepak , Sun Nian 
Published: October 2022

M-STAR is a next generation polarized neutron reflectometer with advanced capabilities. A new focusing guide concept is optimized for samples with dimensions down to a millimeter range. A proposed hybrid pulse-skipping chopper will enable experiments at constant geometry at one incident angle in a broad range of wavevector transfer Q up to 0.3 A−1 for specular, off-specular, and GISANS measurements. M-STAR will empower nanoscience and spintronics studies routinely on small samples (∼2 × 2 mm2) and of atomic-scale thickness using versatile experimental conditions of magnetic and/or electric fields, light, and temperature applied in situ to novel complex device-like nanosystems with multiple buried interfaces. M-STAR will enable improved grazing incidence diffraction measurements, as a surface-sensitive depth-resolved probe of, e.g., the out-of-plane component of atomic magnetic moments in ferromagnetic, antiferromagnetic, and more complex structures as well as in-plane atomic-scale structures inaccessible with contemporary diffractometry and reflectometry. New horizons will be opened by the development of an option to probe near-surface dynamics with inelastic grazing incidence scattering in the time-of-flight mode. These novel options in combination with ideally matched parameters of the second target station will place M-STAR in the world’s leading position for high resolution polarized reflectometry.
Sequestration of gut pathobionts in intraluminal casts, a mechanism to avoid dysregulated T cell activation by pathobionts
Authors: Sassone-Corsi Martina , Azriel Shalhevet , Simon Ariel , Ramanan Deepshika , Ortiz-Lopez Adriana , Chen Felicia , Yissachar Nissan , Mathis Diane , Benoist Christophe 
Published: October 2022

T cells that express the transcription factor RORγ, regulatory (Treg), or conventional (Th17) are strongly influenced by intestinal symbionts. In a genetic approach to identify mechanisms underlying this influence, we performed a screen for microbial genes implicated, in germfree mice monocolonized with
Escherichia coli
Nissle. The loss of capsule-synthesis genes impaired clonal expansion and differentiation of intestinal RORγ
+
T cells. Mechanistic exploration revealed that the capsule-less mutants remained able to induce species-specific immunoglobulin A (IgA) and were highly IgA-coated. They could still trigger myeloid cells, and more effectively damaged epithelial cells in vitro. Unlike wild-type microbes, capsule-less mutants were mostly engulfed in intraluminal casts, large agglomerates composed of myeloid cells extravasated into the gut lumen. We speculate that sequestration in luminal casts of potentially harmful microbes, favored by IgA binding, reduces the immune system’s actual exposure, preserving host–microbe equilibrium. The variable immunostimulation by microbes that has been charted in recent years may not solely be conditioned by triggering molecules or metabolites but also by physical limits to immune system exposure.
Old English V-initial andþa-VS main clauses
Authors: Cichosz Anna 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis study is a corpus-based constructionist analysis of Old English (OE) constituent order, focusing on verb-initial declaratives andþa-VS main clauses. The main objective of the investigation is to determine the degree of the formal and functional similarity of both patterns in order to establish whether they functioned as two independent constructions (in Construction Grammar terms), with their relation based on functional contrast. The other possibility taken into consideration in the analysis is that the two patterns should rather be treated as variants of the same construction, as suggested in some previous, non-constructionist studies of the topic, which would make it possible to analyse them as allostructions. The study shows that on the general level of the language network, the two clause types are surprisingly different in many respects: their form is less similar than previously assumed, they have drastically different corpus distributions, they show different collocational preferences and perform different discourse functions. Nevertheless, on the lower level of the network, the two constructions show some overlaps in the presentational, narrative and reporting function. At the same time, however, there is a deep functional difference between texts authored by Ælfric and other OE prose records.
Three forms of internal negotiation through the activity of private diary-writing
Authors: Svačinová Iva 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This paper is focused on the practice of private diary-writing as an act of externalizing internal communication
from the point of view of the theory of argumentation. It is demonstrated that through diary-writing, various forms of internal
negotiation can be implemented. The paper sheds light on three ways internal negotiation is externalized through diary writing:
reflective diary writing, crisis diary writing and self-encouraging diary writing. It is shown that these communicative practices
occur with respect to specific exigencies of a diarist, and with respect to these specific exigencies, they differ in the type of
argumentation that can be submitted in the writings. For the argumentative characterization of these practices, the concept of the
communicative activity type introduced within a pragma-dialectical approach to argumentation is used. It is shown that
distinguished diary-writing practices are differently conventionalized activity types that are preconditioned by implicit norms
governing the conduct of argumentation.
Word association norms in Mexican older adults
Authors: Arias-Trejo Natalia , Bel-Enguix Gemma , Barrón-Martínez Julia B. , Minto-García Aline , Arias-Carrión Oscar , González-González Martha M. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Aging involves a variety of cognitive and language changes. Word association norms (WANs), which describe the
first word people say or write after reading or hearing a stimulus word, reflect the organization of semantic knowledge. The aim
of this study was to create a WAN corpus for Mexican older adults, with 114 participants responding to 117 nouns. The results of
eight measures of word-word relationships showed that participants generated an average of 38.14 different response words for each
stimulus word. Of these responses, 41.88% were of high associative strength and 20.70% were idiosyncratic, demonstrating the
uniqueness of responses of older adults. In addition, we compared their responses to a corpus for younger adults (Barrón-Martínez & Arias-Trejo, 2014). A qualitative analysis categorizing the
responses into syntagmatic and paradigmatic types showed that the older group tended to respond with words from a different
grammatical class. Responses of the younger adults were also more cohesive and less varied than those of the older group. This
corpus for older adults is an essential resource for evaluating age-related changes in semantic memory, and it provides a point of
comparison for responses from people with neurodegenerative diseases.
The inflaton that could: primordial black holes and second order gravitational waves from tachyonic instability induced in Higgs-R2inflation
Authors: Cheong Dhong Yeon , Kohri Kazunori , Park Seong Chan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe running of the Higgs self coupling may lead to numerous phenomena in early universe cosmology. In this paper we introduce a scenario where the Higgs running induces turns in the trajectory passing a region with tachyonic mass, leading to a temporal tachyonic growth in the curvature power spectrum. This effect induced by the Higgs leaves phenomena in the form of primordial black holes and stochastic gravitational waves, where proposed GW observatories will be able to probe in the near future.
Epidemic dynamics for time-dependent transmission rate based on viral load dynamics: multi infection stage EBCM approach
Authors: Kuga Kazuki 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Many epidemic modeling studies rely on the common assumption that the disease transmission rate between individuals is constant. However, in reality, transmission rates depend on the time-varying viral load of the infected individual. The time-dependent transmission rate has the potential to affect the spread of an epidemic. In this study, the influenza and SARS-CoV-2 transmission rate profiles were developed based on the viral load of infected individuals and dose-response curves. In addition, a new epidemic model, the multi-infectious stage edge-based compartment model, was proposed to apply the transmission rate profile to epidemic dynamics in both static and temporal networks. It was determined that in terms of the final epidemic size there is no discrepancy between the constant and time-dependent transmission rates in the static network. However, the time at which the infected fraction peaks, and the peak infection fraction are dependent on the transmission rate profile. However, in temporal networks, the final epidemic size for the constant transmission rate is higher than that for the time-dependent transmission rate. In conclusion, the time-dependent transmission rate strongly affects the epidemic dynamics.
Smart Sensing and AI for Physical Therapy in IoT Era
Authors: Postolache O 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
It is well known that medical spending increase with disability status. Per capita spending for people with five or more limitations in activities of daily living (ADLs) is nearly five times the amount incurred by those with limitations in only one instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs). Physical therapy is the way to improve the motor capabilities however it takes a lot of time, it requires physiotherapists services, is often painful and the outcome are evaluated in subjective way. New technologies including smart sensors were adopted in healthcare including wearable solutions for cardiac and respiratory activity monitoring and successfully are contributing to reduce the costs of services. In the case of motor activity and particularly in physical rehabilitation the developments are still reduced the physical therapy services are using as hardware mechanical equipment without sensing, embedded processing and internet connectivity that significatively reduce the possibility to measure and evaluate the physical training outcomes in objective way. In this paper the disruptive solutions for physical therapy are presented that are based on hot technologies such as smart sensors, IoT, virtual reality (VR), mixed reality (MR), and artificial intelligence (AI). Applied AI may conduct to develop models, classifiers (gait classification) and short term or medium term prediction of physical therapy outcomes. Highly motivation of the patients under physical rehabilitation can be increased promoting serious game characterized by VR and MR scenarios.
Wi-Fi inside an airplane
Authors: Arribas Enrique , Escobar Isabel , Martinez-Plaza Antonio , Adelantado Carlos , Ramirez-Vazquez Raquel 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In this work, we present results for measurements of personal exposure to Radiofrequency electromagnetic Fields (RF-EMF) from 2.4 GHz Wi-Fi and 5.8 GHz Wi-Fi frequency bands while travelling by airplane. The flight was taken by a researcher of this work, it departed from Barajas Adolfo Suarez Airport in Madrid (Spain) and arrived in Benito Juárez International Airport (Mexico City – Mexico), on the 20th of June 2021. The measurements were carried out using two EME SPY 140 personal exposimeters. Results indicate that exposure levels change at any moment. Values are variable when the researcher is inside the airplane prior to takeoff or landing, when the airplane is airborne and when the Wi-Fi is in use or not. The average value registered during the whole flight was 123 μW/m2 with a 95 percentile of 273 μW/m2 in 2.4 GHz Wi-Fi frequency band, and the average value was 87.1 μW/m2 with a 95 percentile of 184 μW/m2 in 5.8 GHz Wi-Fi frequency band.
Numerical evaluation of the induced voltages in an underground pipeline using the distributed source approach
Authors: Czumbil L , Creţu M , Ceclan A , Dărăbant L , Șteţ D , Micu DD 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This paper presents the distributed source analysis approach for treating the inductive coupling of power transmission lines with buried pipelines. The evaluation of the induced voltages in a pipeline which share the same path with a power line for a monophasic short circuit on the line is performed and also the analytical expression for current density induced in soil is calculated. The paper describes a practical case of subdivision of the zone of influence in sections (a circuit model) and a precise calculation of the induced voltages in different points based on the measured data, is performed in Mathcad, using special interpolation functions.
Micro-nano twins appearing in ultrafine-grained Ti–6Al–4 V alloy induced by high-pressure water jet technology
Authors: Sun Hao , Hu Minyi , Jiang Guanghui , Cao Guixia , Ge Jianhua , Zhang Shuqiong , Zhao Qunfang , Wang Chang , Zhang Yusheng , Ouyang Quansheng 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In this study, the surface of an ultrafine-grained Ti–6Al–4 V alloy was treated with high-pressure water jet technology (HPWJT). Then, the microstructure of the alloy was investigated using electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Three obviously different microstructural characteristics were observed from the treated surface to the matrix: ultrafine equiaxed grains with diameters from hundreds of nanometers to a few micrometers, micro-nano twins inside ultrafine equiaxed α grains, and an initial undeformed microstructure with ultrafine equiaxed grains. Formation of micro-nano twins in the subsurface was related to the special misorientation angle of neighboring grains. We proved the dependence of twinning on the crystallographic orientation and grain size of the α phase. In addition, the quantitative contributions of the micro-nano twins to the surface hardness of the alloy were calculated; micro-nano twins significantly improved the surface hardness of the alloy. This study provides a new easy method for introducing micro-nano twins on the surfaces of Ti and its alloys, and it may further improve the mechanical properties of these alloys.
One-pot fabrication of magnetic biochar by FeCl3-activation of lotus seedpod and its catalytic activity towards degradation of Orange G
Authors: Thanh Do Thao Vy , Le Nam Bui Quang , Nguyen Hung Minh , Lam Hung Hoa , Tran-Thuy Tuyet-Mai , Nguyen Long Quang , Ngo Duong Tran Hoang , Nguyen Dung Van 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAn advanced magnetic biochar (MBC) was facilely prepared via one-pot FeCl3-activation of lotus seedpod. Simultaneous carbonization, activation, and magnetization formed magnetic Fe3O4nanoparticles and nanowires over the biochar base. The specific surface area (SBET) and the total pore volume (Vtotal) of MBC were 349 m2g−1and 0.31 cm3g−1, which were 2.0-fold and 3.9-fold higher than those of biochar, respectively. In addition, the saturation magnetization of MBC reached 6.94 emu g−1, facilitating its magnetic separation and recovery. In heterogeneous Fenton-like catalytic oxidation, 0.40 g l−1MBC decolorized 100% Orange G and reduced 58% COD by 350 ppm H2O2within 120 min. The degradation kinetics were calculated with different MBC samples and reactions followed pseudo-first-order kinetics with the highest rate constant of 0.034 min−1. Moreover, the catalytic activity dropped by only 6.4% after four reuse cycles, with negligible iron leaching of 1.31–1.44 mg l−1. Based on these results, MBC could be a low-cost, highly effective, and relatively stable catalyst for treating Orange G in wastewater.
Strong simulation of tracking single photons with which-way-detectors in linear optics
Authors: Gulbahar Burhan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Which-way-detectors (WWDs) are path-entangled detectors characterizing mutual exclusivity between path information and interference visibility in wave-particle duality experiments. We show surprisingly that WWDs allow to utilize single photons distinguishable in time domain to realize linear optical circuits where tracking their paths is exponentially hard for strong simulation analogous to rectangular lattice based Ising models. Distinguishable photons have scalability advantages of generation and detection compared with indistinguishable photons by promising both theoretical and experimental improvements in linear optical computing including boson sampling. We calculate strong simulation complexities by using variable elimination (VE) method for undirected graphs related to tensor network contraction for quantum circuits and recursive Feynman path-integral (RFPI) method to reduce space complexity. Two designs include either a single photon touring m times or m single photons propagating sequentially through an optical circuit composed of n beam splitters and phase shifters entangled with n WWDs. VE method for tracking results in undirected graphs matching with (2 m − 1) × (n + 1) and m × (n + 1) lattice Ising models with computational complexities of

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