bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Tumor Molecular Classification in High-Risk Early-Stage Endometrial Cancer
Authors: Orellana T. J. , Kim H. , Beriwal S. , Bhargava R. , Berger J. , Buckanovich R. J. , Coffman L. G. , Courtney-Brooks M. , Mahdi H. , Olawaiye A. B. , Sukumvanich P. , Taylor S. E. , Smith K. J. , Lesnock J. L. 
Published: March 2022

(Abstracted from Gynecol Oncol 2022;164:129–135)
Endometrial cancer (EC) remains the most common gynecologic cancer in the United States, accounting for nearly 13,000 deaths in 2020 alone. Surgery remains the mainstay of treatment for early-stage EC; however, adjuvant treatment is often indicated.
Counseling for Personal Health Implications Identified During Reproductive Genetic Carrier Screening
Authors: Gbur Samantha , Mauney Logan , Gray Kathryn J. , Wilkins-Haug Louise , Guseh Stephanie 
Published: March 2022

(Abstracted from Prenat Diagn 2021;41:1460–1466)
Genetic carrier screening is a type of genetic testing done primarily to identify patients at risk of having a pregnancy affected by a genetic disorder. In turn, this allows patients to consider reproductive options, interventions, or to plan for postdelivery care.
Heuristics in the Delivery Room
Authors: Singh Manasvini 
Published: March 2022

(Abstracted from Science 2021;374:324–329)
Studying the delivery setting provides a glimpse into physician's decision-making, whereas cognitive and time pressures create a uniquely high-stakes scenario. In such settings, individuals may be more likely to rely on heuristics to aid complex decision-making including the decision to suggest a vaginal or cesarean delivery.
Do Frozen Embryo Transfers Modify the Epigenetic Control of Imprinted Genes and Transposable Elements in Newborns Compared With Fresh Embryo Transfers and Natural Conceptions?
Authors: Barberet Julie , Romain Gaelle , Binquet Christine , Guilleman Magali , Bruno Céline , Ginod Perrine , Chapusot Caroline , Choux Cécile , Fauque Patricia 
Published: March 2022

(Abstracted from Fertil Steril 2021;116:1468–1480)
With rapid advancement in assisted reproductive technology (ART) and in vitro fertilization (IVF) including the introduction of frozen embryo transfer, evidence has accumulated that mode of ART could affect placentation and fetal growth from the earliest stages of pregnancy. For instance, higher incidences of placenta accreta, gestational hypertension, and preeclampsia have been identified in frozen embryo transfers.
Human Trafficking
Authors: Cheetham Alexandra L. , Hurst Irene A. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Human trafficking, which includes sexual exploitation and forced labor, affects youth throughout the world. Victims are subject to coercion, exploitation, and repeated trauma. Given the secretive nature of this abuse, it can be difficult to identify victims. Past experience shows that most victims interact with the healthcare system at some time while they are in the control of a trafficker, providing an opportunity for healthcare providers to identify, support, and intervene. In this CME review article, we describe human trafficking, its estimated prevalence, and the identification, evaluation, and management of patients who are victims of human trafficking. Finally, we provide additional resources for practitioners and patients.
Impact of Overweight and Obesity on Disease Outcome in the Pediatric Swiss Inflammatory Bowel Disease Cohort
Authors: von Graffenried Thea , Schoepfer Alain M. , Rossel Jean-Benoit , Greuter Thomas , Safroneeva Ekaterina , Godat Sébastien , Henchoz Sarah , Vavricka Stephan R. , Sokollik Christiane , Spalinger Johannes , Braegger Christian P. , Nydegger Andreas ,   on behalf of the Swiss IBD Cohort Study Group
Published: March 2022

Objectives:
Given the paucity of data, we aimed to assess the impact of obesity on disease activity, complications, and quality of life (QoL) in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients.

Methods:
Prospective analysis of pediatric IBD patients. Patients were categorized into 4 groups according to the World Health Organization (WHO) child growth standards: obese, overweight, normal weight, and underweight.

Results:
Three hundred twenty-seven pediatric patients were included (146 with Crohn’s disease [CD], 181 with ulcerative colitis of whom 13 [4%] were underweight, 272 [83.2%] had normal weight, 22 [6.7%] were overweight, and 20 [6.1%] were obese). Compared with normal weight patients, obese ulcerative colitis had a significantly higher clinical but not biological disease activity nor severity. Compared with normal weight patients, overweight/obese CD patients did not have higher clinical or biological disease activity nor severity. Perianal abscesses and surgery for this purpose were more frequently observed in overweight/obese CD patients compared with normal weight controls. Overweight/obese IBD patients were similarly hospitalized in the last 12 months compared with normal weight controls.

Conclusions:
Prevalence of overweight/obesity was 12.8% in pediatric IBD patients. Obesity was not associated with a decrease in disease remission rates nor an increase in the risk of complicated disease progression in IBD pediatric patients, except for the occurrence of perianal abscesses and related surgery in CD patients.
From outcome measurement to improving health outcomes after lower limb amputation—A narrative review exploring outcome measurement from a clinical practice perspective
Authors: Ostler Chantel , Scott Helen , Sedki Imad , Kheng Sisary , Donovan-Hall Margaret , Dickinson Alex , Metcalf Cheryl 
Published: March 2022

Outcome measurement is essential to understand the impact of clinical interventions and the performance of services. Despite national and professional body encouragement, and successful examples of system level outcome measurement within some health care settings, many barriers still exist preventing outcome measurement from becoming embedded in clinical practice. This paper presents a narrative review which aims to describe the state of the outcome measurement evidence base in prosthetic rehabilitation, as applied in clinical practice, with a view to identifying areas for future work aimed at making outcome measurement in prosthetic rehabilitation a meaningful reality. A literature search of four databases was undertaken, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis principals appropriate to narrative reviews, and using the search terms outcome, measur*, tool, scale, instrument, prosthe*, amput* and limb loss. A total of 1116 papers were identified. Following screening 35 papers, focusing on four main themes, were included in the review. Themes were: 1) What outcome domains should be measured? 2) How can these outcome domains be measured? 3) What are the barriers to outcome measurement? and 4) What can be learnt from examples of ROM in prosthetic rehabilitation?Findings suggest that successful outcome measurement is multifaceted. Understanding and embedding value at every step appears to be key to success. Addressing the questions of ‘what’ outcome domains to measure and ‘how’ to measure them, may help establish consensus. Routine outcome measurement practice at the clinical level should ensure data collection is valuable to clinical practice, makes use of information technology solutions and has organisational engagement.
Dynamic use of fibrinogen under viscoelastic assessment results in reduced need for plasma and diminished overall transfusion requirements in severe trauma
Authors: Barquero López Marta , Martínez Cabañero Javier , Muñoz Valencia Alejandro , Sáez Ibarra Clara , De la Rosa Estadella Marta , Campos Serra Andrea , Gil Velázquez Aurora , Pujol Caballé Gemma , Navarro Soto Salvador , Puyana Juan Carlos 
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND
Despite advances in trauma management, half of trauma deaths occur secondary to bleeding. Currently, hemostatic resuscitation strategies consist of empirical transfusion of blood products in a predefined fixed ratio (1:1:1) to both treat hemorrhagic shock and correct trauma-induced coagulopathy. At our hospital, the implementation of a resuscitation protocol guided by viscoelastic hemostatic assays (VHAs) with rotational thromboelastometry has resulted in a goal-directed approach. The objective of the study is twofold, first to analyze changes in transfusion practices overtime and second to identify the impact of these changes on coagulation parameters and clinical outcomes. We hypothesized that progressive VHA implementation results in a higher administration of fibrinogen concentrate (FC) and lower use of blood products transfusion, especially plasma.

METHODS
A total of 135 severe trauma patients (January 2008 to July 2019), all requiring and initial assessment for high risk of trauma-induced coagulopathy based on high-energy injury mechanism, severity of bleeding and hemodynamic instability were included. After 2011 when we first modified the transfusion protocol, a progressive change in transfusional management occurred over time. Three treatment groups were established, reflecting different stages in the evolution of our strategy: plasma (P, n = 28), plasma and FC (PF, n = 64) and only FC (F, n = 42).

RESULTS
There were no significant differences in baseline characteristics among groups. Progressive implementation of rotational thromboelastometry resulted in increased use of FC over time (p < 0.001). Regression analysis showed that group F had a significant reduction in transfusion of packed red blood cells (p = 0.005), plasma (p < 0.001), and platelets (p = 0.011). Regarding outcomes, F patients had less pneumonia (p = 0.019) and multiorgan failure (p < 0.001), without significant differences for other outcomes. Likewise, overall mortality was not significantly different. However, further analysis comparing specific mortality due only to massive hemorrhage in the F group versus all patients receiving plasma, it was significantly lower (p = 0.037).

CONCLUSION
Implementing a VHA-based algorithm resulted in a plasma-free strategy with higher use of FC and a significant reduction of packed red blood cells transfused. In addition, we observed an improvement in outcomes without an increase in thrombotic complications.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Therapeutic/Care Management; Level IV.
A multicenter validation of the modified brain injury guidelines: Are they safe and effective?
Authors: Khan Abid D. , Lee Janet , Galicia Kevin , Billings Joshua D. , Dobaria Vishal , Patel Purvi P. , McIntyre Robert C. , Gonzalez Richard P. , Schroeppel Thomas J. 
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND
The modified Brain Injury Guidelines (mBIG) are an algorithm for treating patients with traumatic brain injury and intracranial hemorrhage by which selected patients do not require a repeat head computed tomography, a neurosurgery consult, or even an admission. The mBIG refined the original Brain Injury Guidelines (BIG) to improve safety and reproducibility. The purpose of this study is to assess safety and resource utilization with mBIG implementation.

METHODS
The mBIG were implemented at three Level I trauma centers in August 2017. A multicenter retrospective review of prospectively collected data was performed on adult mBIG 1 and 2 patients. The post-mBIG implementation period (August 2017 to February 2021) was compared with a previous BIG retrospective evaluation (January 2014 to December 2016).

RESULTS
There were 764 patients in the two study periods. No differences were identified in demographics, Injury Severity Score, or admission Glasgow Coma Scale score. Fewer computed tomography scans (2 [1,2] vs. 2 [2,3], p < 0.0001) and neurosurgery consults (61.9% vs. 95.9%, p < 0.0001) were obtained post-mBIG implementation. Hospital (2 [1,4] vs. 2 [2,4], p = 0.013) and intensive care unit (0 [0,1] vs. 1 [1,2], p < 0.0001) length of stay were shorter after mBIG implementation. No difference was seen in the rate of clinical or radiographic progression, neurosurgery operations, or mortality between the two groups.
After mBIG implementation, eight patients (1.6%) worsened clinically. Six patients that clinically progressed were discharged with Glasgow Coma Scale score of 15 without needing neurosurgery intervention. One patient had clinical and radiographic decompensation and required craniotomy. Another patient worsened clinically and radiographically, but due to metastatic cancer, elected to pursue comfort measures and died.

CONCLUSION
This prospective validation shows the mBIG are safe, pragmatic, and can dramatically improve resource utilization when implemented.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Therapeutic/Care Management; Level III.
The Surgical Management of Complicated Peptic Ulcer Disease: An EAST Video Presentation
Authors: Hudnall Aaron , Bardes James M. , Coleman Kennith , Stout Conley , Regier Daniel , Balise Stephen , Borgstrom David , Grabo Daniel 
Published: March 2022

Background
Peptic ulcer disease (PUD), once primary a surgical problem, is now medically managed in the majority of patients. The surgical treatment of PUD is now strictly reserved for life-threatening complications. Free perforation, refractory bleeding and gastric outlet obstruction, although rare in the age of medical management of PUD, are several of the indications for surgical intervention. The acute care surgeon caring for patients with PUD should be facile in techniques required for bleeding control, bypass of peptic strictures, and vagotomy with resection and reconstruction. This video procedures and techniques paper demonstrates these infrequently encountered, but critical operations.

Content (Video Description)

A combination of anatomic representations and videos of step-by-step instructions on perfused cadavers will demonstrate the key steps in the following critical operations. Graham patch repair of perforated peptic ulcer is demonstrated in both open and laparoscopic fashion. The choice to perform open versus laparoscopic repair is based on individual surgeon comfort. Oversewing of a bleeding duodenal ulcer via duodenotomy and ligation of the gastroduodenal artery is infrequent in the age of advanced endoscopy and interventional radiology techniques, yet this once familiar procedure can be lifesaving. Repair of giant duodenal or gastric ulcers can present a challenging operative dilemma on how to best repair or exclude the defect. Vagotomy and antrectomy, perhaps the least common of all the aforementioned surgical interventions, may require more complex reconstruction than other techniques making it challenging for inexperienced surgeons. A brief demonstration on reconstruction options will be shown and includes Roux-en-Y gastrojejunostomy.

Conclusions
Surgical management of PUD is reserved today for life-threatening complications for which the acute care surgeon must be prepared. This presentation provides demonstration of key surgical principles in management of bleeding and free perforation as well as gastric resection, vagotomy and reconstruction.

Level of Evidence
Not applicable
Enteric viruses isolates and rotavirus genotypes during the seasonal surge of acute watery childhood diarrhoea in South-Eastern Nigeria
Authors: Efunshile Akinwale Michale , Nwangwu Chukwuemeka , Ngwu Bethrand Amechi 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDiarrhoea remains one of the top three causes of death in Africa. However, data on the molecular epidemiology of enteric viruses in Nigeria is rare.Two hundred and forty three infants and children below the age of 5 years with acute watery diarrhoea were evaluated for the presence of enteric viruses in stool by real-time PCR (rtPCR) during the dry months of December to April 2017, which correspond to diarrhoea season in South-East Nigeria. At least one viral pathogen was detected in 95.1% (231/243) of the study population. Rotavirus, 231(95.1%) was the most common followed by adenovirus, 103(42.4%) and enterovirus 32(13.2%). Other viruses seen in the stool samples include astrovirus 7.3 % (11/151), parechovirus 3.5 % (4/113), sapovirus, 2.8 % (4/145), bocavirus 6.8% (5/73) and human coronavirus 13.9% (10/73). Norovirus and hepatitis A and E viruses were not detected. Children that consumed factory packaged water had the lowest prevalence of rotavirus infection (p=0.044). A significant association between the viral pathogen and home treatment of drinking water or exclusive breastfeeding was not observed. Randomly selected 46 samples were genotyped for rotavirus, which showed that G3P[6] (39.1%) was the most common, followed by G1P[8] (15.2%), G9P[8] (13.0%), G12P[8] (6.5%), G9P[6]P[8] (2.2%), and G12P[6] (2.2%).This was the highest rotavirus prevalence in any published African study, and may be a reflection of inadequate water sanitation/hygiene in the study area, a peculiar epidemiological situation and/or the sensitivity of the diagnostic method used.The present study suggests that the burden of rotavirus is bigger than previously reported; and that morbidity can be greatly reduced if rotavirus vaccine is included in Nigerian national immunization policy.
Substance use and associated factors among Adolescents’ during the Covid-19 pandemic in Eastern Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Zerihun Ebisa , Tesema Kenasa 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIntroductionThe effects of the COVID-19 pandemic have been dramatic and wide-reaching, affecting many more than those who become ill, including reports of increased substance use among adolescents may be due to various restrictions of social life that disrupted adolescents’ daily lives. However, up to now, no data is showing the extent of substance use among adolescents in the study area.PurposeThis study aimed to assess the prevalence of substance use and associated factors during the Covid-19 pandemic among school adolescents of west hararghe, Eastern Ethiopia to guide possible intervention and public policy.MethodsA School-based cross-sectional study design was conducted from 10 to 30, October 2021. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to select 788 students from ten public secondary schools in the West Hararge zone, Eastern Ethiopia. The data were collected using a self-administered pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire. Data was entered into Epidata version and then exported to SPSS version 26 software for further analysis. Descriptive analysis was done. Multi variables binary logistic regression was done and a p-value less than 0.05 were used to declare statistical significance.ResultsIn this study, the response rate of 98.46% were complete fill the questionnaires. More than 1 in 2 of the adolescent students were self-reported substances (alcohol, khat (Catha edulis) and/or cigarette) users (prevalence = 58.6%) during the Covid-19 pandemic. Specifically, chewing khat (Catha edulis) (57.87%), followed by alcohol user (21.73%), Cigarette smoking (14.85%) and, hashish consumption (5.54%). Age of students, family history of drinking alcohol, availability of substances were factors positively associated with substance use. On the other hand, family management is negatively associated with substance use.ConclusionsThe prevalence of substance users among adolescents was dramatically increased during the covid-19 pandemic in the west hararghe zone, Ethiopia. Hence, the authors hoped that these findings provide preliminary insights for refining mental health and addiction policies that are targeted at adolescent and their parents in these settings and guidance for further research.
Sabatier principle for rationalizing enzymatic hydrolysis of a synthetic polyester
Authors: Bååth Jenny Arnling , Jensen Kenneth , Borch Kim , Westh Peter , Kari Jeppe 
Published: March 2022

AbstractInterfacial enzyme reactions are common in nature and in industrial settings, including the enzymatic deconstruction of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) waste. Kinetic descriptions of PET hydrolases are necessary for both comparative analyses, discussions of structure-function relations and rational optimization of technical processes. We investigated whether the Sabatier principle could be used for this purpose. Specifically, we compared the kinetics of two well-known PET hydrolases, leaf-branch compost cutinase (LCC) and a cutinase from the bacterium T. fusca (TfC) when adding different concentrations of the surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). We found that CTAB consistently lowered the strength of enzyme-PET interactions, while its effect on enzymatic turnover was strongly biphasic. Thus, at gradually increasing CTAB concentrations, turnover was initially promoted and subsequently suppressed. This correlation with maximal turnover at an intermediate binding strength is in accordance with the Sabatier principle. One consequence of these results is that both enzymes had too strong intrinsic interaction with PET for optimal turnover, especially TfC, which showed a 20-fold improvement of kcat at the maximum. LCC on the other hand had an intrinsic substrate affinity closer to the Sabatier optimum and the turnover rate was 5-fold improved at weakened substrate binding. Our results show that the Sabatier principle may indeed rationalize enzymatic PET degradation and support process optimization. Finally, we suggest that future discovery efforts should consider enzymes with weakened substrate binding, since strong adsorption seems to limit their catalytic performance.ToC graphics
“A system that will do magic”: organizational perspective on the technological layer in knowledge management
Authors: Nakash Maayan , Bouhnik Dan 
Published: March 2022

PurposeThis study aims to give expression, for the first time, to the contemporary perceptions of knowledge management (KM) professionals regarding the technological layer in KM. From an organizational-holistic view, the authors strive to provide a deeper understanding of the position and role of technology in KM in knowledge-intensive organizations.Design/methodology/approachAs part of the adoption of the qualitative-constructivist paradigm, the research started with in-depth interviews and continued with focus groups. The data were collected from 21 KM experts and analyzed according to the thematic analysis method, based on the grounded theory.FindingsAlthough many hopes depend on technological tools, the authors learn why KM cannot be considered a purely information technology (IT)-based process. The study raises significant concern regarding the leadership of KM efforts by IT units, due to the possible lack of focus on strategic aspects supported by that support closing knowledge gaps. KM experts support technological changes and anticipate the introduction of automated mechanisms for knowledge flow processes.Originality/valueUnderstanding the technological component of KM provides a window of opportunity for the meanings ascribed by the professionals to the whole KM discipline. The results improve the understanding that the KM community should be required to be more aware of the business-organizational aspects for which the practice of KM in the organization is required, as well as the centrality of human resources in knowledge creation and sharing. Moreover, the paper provides a unique glimpse into the future of organizational KM.