bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlation of metabolic characteristics with maternal, fetal and placental asprosin in human pregnancy
Authors: Hoffmann Thorben , Morcos Yousef Ashraf Tawfik , Janoschek Ruth , Turnwald Eva-Maria , Gerken Antje , Müller Annette , Sengle Gerhard , Dötsch Jörg , Appel Sarah , Hucklenbruch-Rother Eva 
Published: February 2022

Objective
Asprosin is a recently discovered hormone associated with obesity and diabetes mellitus. Little is known about asprosin’s role during pregnancy, but a contribution of asprosin to pregnancy complications resulting from maternal obesity and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is conceivable. We assessed the potential effects of obesity, GDM and other clinical parameters on maternal and fetal umbilical plasma asprosin concentrations and placental asprosin expression.

Design
The Cologne-Placenta Cohort Study comprises 247 female patients, from whom blood and placentas were collected at the University Hospital Cologne.

Methods
We studied the maternal and fetal umbilical plasma and placentas of pregnant women with an elective, primary section. Sandwich ELISA measurements of maternal and fetal umbilical plasma and immunohistochemical stainings of placental tissue were performed to determine the asprosin levels. Also, the relation between asprosin levels and clinical blood parameters was studied.

Results
There was a strong correlation between the maternal and fetal plasma asprosin levels and both increased with GDM in normal-weight and obese women. Asprosin immunoreactivity was measured in cultivated placental cells and placental tissue. BMI and GDM were not but pre-pregnancy exercise and smoking were correlated with maternal and/or fetal asprosin levels. Placental asprosin levels were associated with maternal but not with fetal plasma asprosin levels and with BMI but not with GDM. Placental asprosin was related to maternal insulin levels and increased upon insulin treatment in GDM patients.

Conclusions
Asprosin could potentially act as a biomarker and contribute to the clinical manifestation of pregnancy complications associated with maternal obesity.
Antimicrobial efficacy of grape seed extract in terminating the ramifications of plaque microorganisms: a randomized control study
Authors: Koregol Arati C , Kalburgi Nagaraj B , Puttarevanna Tejashwini , Patil Ruchita S , Singh Prena , Sulakod Kavya 
Published: February 2022

inhibiting interstitial and extracellular collagenase, thus having the potential to reduce the progression of periodontitis. Here we compare and evaluate the aerobic and anaerobic microorganism’s CFUs (colony forming units) in plaque samples of Group A, Group B, Group C and severity of periodontal disease on day 0 and 7.
Method. Forty-five subjects in age range 18-30 years were selected among undergraduate students and randomly divided into Group A: 15, 2% grape seed extract mouthwash (GSE), Group B: 15, 0.2% chlorhexidine mouthwash (CHX) and Group C: 15, distilled water (control). The supragingival plaque was collected into transport media. Kruskal Wallis test followed by Mann Whitney test was used to compare the mean CFUs [x103] of microorganisms and severity of periodontal disease was compared, by clinical parameters among all groups on day 0 and 7.
Results. There was a significant difference concerning mean scores of all clinical parameters [P<0.001] and mean CFUs of microorganisms between 3 study groups [P=0.005] at 7 days post-intervention period. Intragroup comparison, mean scores were significantly reduced on day 7 as compared to day 0 at [P<0.001] in Group A and B, but no significant difference was noted with Group C.
Conclusion. Intervention with GSE mouthwash showed a positive effect on reducing CFUs in the plaque when compared with the control group. GSE group also showed similar results in reducing CFUs in plaque when compared to CHX group, thereby demonstrating the agent’s antimicrobial efficacy, therapeutic effect and its potential usefulness in controlling plaque and periodontal diseases.
Sistem Kepercayaan, Sistem Nilai, dan Sikap Warga Kampus PENS Terhadap Mahasiswi Bercadar
Authors: Zamalia Amarain Syahwa , Tamyda Albanoza , Arifin Imamul 
Published: February 2022

This article describes the social interactions between residents of college students at the Electronic Engineering Polytechnic Institute of Surabaya (EEPIS) on veiled female, including lecturers.Differences of belief, values, and attitudes in cultural pattern influences perception, especially the veil and Gamis clothes are Arabic culture. It is dangerous for technical practice in Laboratium. Choosing students used purposive techniques with criteria as veiled college students of the EEPIS.The informants were 14 campus residents; 13 students and 1 lecturer. Data collection techniques has used questionnaires about their beliefs, values, and Attitude on veiled female college students in EEPIS. It found:1) four beliefs,2) four values, and various attitudes agree and disagree on the veil female students in EEPIS with their different arguments.
Optimal waste loading in high-level nuclear waste glass from high-burnup spent fuel for waste volume and geological disposal footprint reduction
Authors: Sakuragi Tomofumi , Okamura Tomohiro , Hamada Ryo , Asano Hidekazu , Minari Eriko , Nakase Masahiko , Takeshita Kenji , Oniki Toshiro , Uchiyama Midori 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe effects of waste loading in vitrified high-level nuclear waste (HLW) from the reprocessing of high-burnup spent fuel (56 GWd/tHM) on waste volume reduction (i.e., number of HLW canisters produced) and decay heat generation were investigated to minimize the repository footprint. As the waste loading increases, the number of canisters produced decreases; however, the decay heat and subsequent footprint per canister increase. The best estimate waste loading observed was 23 wt% (including 10 wt% Na2O), wherein the repository footprint minimizes to 60.0 m2/tHM. These results are slightly higher than those for standard HLW (55.5 m2/tHM). However, upon comparing the repository footprint with electric power generation, the benefit of optimization was that the footprint for high-burnup HLW (131 m2/TWh) was 13% smaller than that of standard HLW (151 m2/TWh).
Graphical abstract
Repository footprint of the vitrified HLW as a function of waste loading for different cooling times. a, b Footprint per tons of heavy metal (tHM), c, d footprint per electricity generation (tera watt-hour, TWh). a, c 45 GWd/tHM, b, d 56 GWd/tHM.
Examen de los niveles de estrés de las mujeres según las etapas de cambio de comportamiento del ejercicio y el estado de autoestima
Authors: Unlu Cisem , Aksu Aykut , Imamoglu Osman , Erdogdu Murat , Karacabey Kursat 
Published: February 2022

El objetivo de este estudio es examinar los niveles de estrés de las mujeres sedentarias según las etapas del cambio de comportamiento del ejercicio y el estado de sentirse ellas mismas. Se incluyeron en el estudio cuatrocientas sesenta mujeres sedentarias que completaron las encuestas en Samsun. Se aplicó una encuesta sobre el nivel de estrés percibido y el cambio en el comportamiento del ejercicio. El estado de salud de las mujeres sedentarias se encontró con un 20,12% muy bueno, un 43,13% bueno, un 24,08% promedio y un 12,57% malo. Se encontró que los puntos de estrés de las mujeres sedentarias eran 29,92 puntos para las que tenían buena salud y 36,72 puntos para las que tenían mala salud. Se encontró también que los puntajes de estrés de los participantes en la actividad física regular durante los últimos 6 meses y 3 años eran más bajos que los que no participaron (p <0,05). Mientras que los niveles de estrés percibidos por las mujeres sedentarias según las etapas de cambio de comportamiento del ejercicio eran altos antes de la tendencia, fueron bajos durante la etapa de mantenimiento del ejercicio. Para reducir el nivel de estrés percibido de las mujeres sedentarias, se recomienda que estén en la fase de mantenimiento de sus conductas de ejercicio.
Actitud y disposición: dos elementos clave para la investigación
Authors: Rocha Nelly , Calcina Carmen , Sucari Wilson , Esteves Angela , Lujano Yolanda 
Published: February 2022

El objetivo de este estudio consistió en determinar la asociación entre actitud hacia la investigación y disposición para la realización de tesis en estudiantes de Enfermería de la Universidad Nacional del Altiplano, Perú. El enfoque fue cuantitativo y el diseño, descriptivo-correlacional, con muestreo probabilístico estratificado, constituido por 211 estudiantes. Para ello, se emplearon dos cuestionarios establecidos en escala de Likert. Los datos fueron procesados con SPSS v. 25. Los resultados muestran que el 65.4% de participantes posee buena actitud, alcanzando las puntuaciones más altas en la “importancia del trabajo en equipo” y el “conocimiento de un segundo idioma”, y el puntaje más bajo en “la falta de economía es un obstáculo para realizar investigación.” Referente a la disposición, el 70.6% califica como buena, destacando que “hacer una tesis abre espacios para estudios de posgrado en el exterior”, pero “la falta de tiempo es una limitante para la investigación”. Considerando la significancia asintótica de 0,021 en la prueba de hipótesis mediante el estadígrafo ji cuadrado, se concluye que existe asociación entre actitud hacia la investigación y disposición para realizar tesis.
<i>BRCA</i> associated prostate cancer. <i>BRCA</i> heredity of one family
Authors: Izmailov A. A. , Sultanbaev A. V. , Menshikov K. V. , Nasretdinov A. F. , Musin Sh. I. , Ayupov R. T. , Sultanbaeva N. I. , Ibragimov B. A. , Khasiev A. R. 
Published: February 2022

In western European countries prostate cancer is one of the most common malignant disease among male population. Due to innovations in molecular genetics research technology over recent years genetic features of etiology and pathogenesis of prostate cancer have been discovered and this helped to distinguish people with high risk of prostate cancer development. Hereditary forms of malignant tumors occupy a special position due to association with mutations in BRCA1/2 gene in a group of patients with prostate cancer. The most important part of examination of patients with malignant diseases is medico-genetic counseling. It helps to reveal the hereditary of the disease. The detection of germinal mutations in BRCA1/2 gene helps to personify diagnostic measures for primary prophylaxis and treatment of prostate cancer.Here is a case of one patient with hereditary feature of prostate cancer with a mutation in BRCA1 gene. It is important to note that revealing mutations in BRSA gene helps to early diagnose malignant neoplasms. Screening measures to reveal germinal mutations in healthy population can improve early detection of such malignant diseases as breast cancer, prostate cancer and other malignant neoplasms.
Comparison of perioperative and short-term functional outcomes of laparoscopic partial nephrectomy in patients with cT1aN0M0 and cT1b-T2aN0M0 tumors
Authors: Kotov S. V. , Nemenov A. A. , Yusufov A. G. , Guspanov R. I. , Pulbere S. A. , Prostomolotov A. O. 
Published: February 2022

Background. Since partial nephrectomy and radical nephrectomy demonstrate comparable oncological safety, nephronsparing surgery is the method of choice in patients with stage T1-T2aN0M0 renal cell carcinoma.Objective: to compare the main perioperative parameters and short-term functional outcomes of treatment for localized stage cT1aN0M0 and cT1b-T2aN0M0 renal cell carcinoma.Materials and methods. A total of 148 laparoscopic partial nephrectomies were performed at N.I. Pirogov City Clinical Hospital No. 1, N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University between 2016 and 2020. Study participants were divided into two groups. Group 1 included patients with stage cT1aN0M0 tumors (n = 89; 60.1 %), whereas group 2 comprised patients with stage T1b-T2aN0M0 tumors (n = 59; 39.9 %).Results. The duration of surgery was 120 min (range: 90-150 min) in group 1 and 145 min (range: 120-170 min) in group 2 (p = 0.001). The median time of warm ischemia was 13 min (range: 7-17) and 15 min (range: 12-19 min) in groups 1 and 2, respectively (p = 0.002). Seven individuals from group 1 (7.9 %) and 12 individuals from group 2 (22.3 %) had their pelvicalyceal system lanced. The median glomerular filtration rate calculated using the MDRD (Modification of Diet in Renal Disease) formula was 56.4 mL/min/1.73 m2 in group 1 and 54.3 mL/min/1.73 m2 in group 2 (p = 0.252). Three patients in group 1 (3.4 %) had positive resection margin. The median follow-up time was 21 months.Conclusion. Nephron-sparing surgeries are an acceptable option for patients with stage cT1b-T2aN0M0 tumors in terms of their oncological and functional safety. Tumors exceeding 4 cm were associated with an increased risk of disease progression.
Prognostic significance of <i>PTEN</i>, <i>RB1</i> and <i>BRCA2</i> gene loss in patients with localized and locally advanced prostate cancer
Authors: Arnautov A. V. , Musaelyan A. A. , Nazarov V. D. , Lapin S. V. , Reva S. A. , Petrov S. B. , Orlov S. V. 
Published: February 2022

Background. Prostate cancer is the most common malignant condition among oncological diseases of the genitourinary tract, which occupies the second place in male mortality from malignant neoplasms. At the same time, population of patients with prostate cancer is heterogeneous: in some patients, the disease does not require active treatment, while in others it progresses rapidly with the formation of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. Therefore, the search for new predictive markers remains relevant.Objective. Analysis of the prognostic significance of the loss of heterozygosity of PTEN, RB1, TP53, BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes in patients with localized and locally advanced prostate cancer.Materials and methods. The study included 52 patients with prostate cancer, 31 (59.6 %) of whom had a localized form (T1-2N0M0), and 21 (40.4 %) - locally advanced (T3a-bN0/1M0). All patients underwent radical prostatectomy, followed by genotyping of postoperative and biopsy specimens to determine genetic alterations in the studied genes. Detection of deletions in the studied genes was carried out using the method of multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification.Results. In 13 (25.0 %) patients in the postoperative specimen was detected deletion of PTEN gene, in 6 (11.5 %) - deletion of RB1 gene, and in 1 (1.9 %) - deletion of BRCA2 gene. At the same time, patients with loss of PTEN heterozygosity were more likely to have perineural invasion (p = 0.01) and lymph node involvement (p = 0.0003). Deletion of RB1 gene is associated with more frequent detection of high-grade tumors (p = 0.013), cribriform growth component (p = 0.002), and invasion of the periprostatic tissue (p = 0.005).Conclusion. Detection of loss of heterozygosity of PTEN and RB1 genes is a promising tool for clarifying the prognosis of the disease, which in the future will allow more accurately stratify patients into risk groups for biochemical relapse.
Medical expulsive therapy in ureteric calculi: A prospective study
Authors: S Mittal Gyanendra , Gupta Shalabh , Verma Rajiv , Agarwal Alok , Jadaun Priyanka 
Published: February 2022

Ureteric calculus with a colicky pain is a common issue faced by surgeons and urologists in the ER and OPD with a major universal health and financial strain on the health care system. Different studies have shown promising outcomes for ureteric calculus with medical expulsive therapy (MET) in relation to the expulsion rate and mean duration of expulsion, decrease hospital stay and less requirements of analgesics. The aim of this study is to compare the efficacy and safety of Tamsulosin alone or in combination of Deflazacort in medical expulsive therapy of ureteric calculus of less than 10 mm (sub-centric).Effect was studied on two groups. Group-A patient received standard medical treatment plus Tamsulosin. Group-B patients received standard medical treatment and Tamsulosin plus Deflazacort.MET with Tamsulosin and Deflazacort has major advantages, with very mild, reasonable side effects and substantially lower healthcare system costs.Medical therapy with Tamsulosin is effective and have been found to increase and hasten the expulsion of ureteric calculus, but expulsion rate is more, mean expulsion time and duration of hospital stays, and the episodes of pain is less when tamsulosin is combined with Deflazacort.
Low lying pubic tubercle: A predictor of development of inguinal hernia
Authors: Purohit Naman , Verma Manish , Vashisht MG , Prakash Dhillon OM , Singha Abhijit 
Published: February 2022

All the inguinal hernias begin within a single weak area called myopectoneal orifice, the natural mechanisms in our body which support this area are oblique direction of the inguinal canal in abdominal wall, the tension mechanism of transversalis fascia and presence of aponeurotic extensions from the transverse abdominis aponeurotic arch in the posterior wall of the inguinal canal. As the distance from pubic tubercle to the horizontal line joining two anterior-superior iliac spine increases, the inguinal canal becomes less oblique that leads to increased risk of development of inguinal hernia. The present project was planned to study the role of low-lying pubic tubercle in development of inguinal hernia. The present case control study was conducted in our institute from June 2018 to April 2019 taking 100 cases and 100 control meeting inclusion criteria. In all patients, following parameters SS line, ST line, height, weight was recorded and evaluated. The mean value of ST line in our study group is7.3476±0.16354cm significantly greater (p=0.05) than the controls the mean value being 6.9242±0.12620cm. Group of people with low-lying pubic tubercle are at high risk of developing inguinal hernia.
Investigation of Strain Fields Generated by Hydraulic Fracturing with Analytical and Numerical Modeling of Fiber Optic Response
Authors: Ramos Gurjao Kildare George , Gildin Eduardo , Gibson Richard , Everett Mark 
Published: February 2022

Summary
The use of fiber optics in reservoir surveillance is bringing valuable insights into fracture geometry and fracture-hit identification, stage communication, and perforation cluster fluid distribution in many hydraulic fracturing processes. However, given the complexity associated with field data, its interpretation is a major challenge faced by engineers and geoscientists. In this work, we propose to generate distributed strain sensing (DSS)/distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) synthetic data of a crosswell fiber deployment that incorporates the physics governing hydraulic fracturing treatments. Our forward modeling can be used to add value to the interpretation task.
The forward modeling is based on analytical and numerical solutions. The analytical solution is developed integrating two models: 2D fracture (e.g., Khristianovic-Geertsma-de Klerk known as KGD) and Sneddon’s induced stress. DSS is estimated using the plane strain approach that combines calculated stresses and rock properties (e.g., Young’s modulus and Poisson’s ratio). On the other hand, the numerical solution is implemented using the displacement discontinuity method (DDM), a type of boundary element method, with net pressure and/or shear stress as the boundary condition. In this case, the fiber gauge length concept is incorporated deriving displacement (i.e., DDM output) in space to obtain DSS values. In both methods, DAS is estimated by the differentiation of DSS in time.
The analytical technique considers a single fracture opening and is used in a sensitivity analysis to evaluate the impact that rock/fluid parameters can promote on strain time histories. Moreover, advanced cases including multiple fractures failing in tensile or shear mode are simulated applying the numerical technique. Results indicate that our models are able to capture typical characteristics present in field data: heart-shaped pattern from a fracture approaching the fiber, stress shadow, and fracture hits. In particular, the numerical methodology captures relevant phenomenon associated with hydraulic and natural fractures interaction, which is often interpreted purely in terms of opening fractures.
We can anticipate that the developed forward modeling, when embedded in a classification or regression artificial intelligence framework, will be an important tool adding substantial insights related to field fracture systems that ultimately can lead to production optimization. Also, the development of specific packages (commercial or otherwise) that explicitly model both DSS and DAS, incorporating the impact of fracture opening and slippage on strain and strain rate is still in its infancy. This paper is novel in this regard and opens up new avenues of research and applications of synthetic DAS/DSS in hydraulic fracturing processes.
Inflow Control Devices Placement: A Computational Fluid Dynamics Approach
Authors: Sabet Nasser , Irani Mazda , Hassanzadeh Hassan 
Published: February 2022

Summary
Nowadays, it is common to use horizontal wells to improve the oil production rate. The production rate varies along the horizontal well because of either frictional pressure losses (the heel-toe effect) or reservoir heterogeneity. Such a flux variability in zones close to the bottomwater and gas cap leads to water and gas breakthroughs. To mitigate water (or gas) coning, inflow control devices (ICDs) have become a standard practice to control instability and improve uniformity in the inflow profile. These devices help delay the water (or gas) breakthroughs by exerting a greater restriction on high water/oil ratio (or gas/oil ratio) zones.
In the design and analysis of ICDs, the only sensible method is to model these tools using the numerical simulation that couples the well and the reservoir. Reservoir and production engineers formulate the ICD characteristics using expensive and time-consuming flow loop testing. In some scenarios, fluid flow simulations using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) are used to compare the results with the flow loop. However, owing to convergency issues in CFD and the unavailability of an established framework, the CFD results are not used to formulate the ICDs in the reservoir models. Instead, different types of empirical correlations are used to describe the ICDs, which require many empirical factors, causing inconsistencies in calculations. In this study, we first use CFD to characterize an orifice-based ICD in terms of the Reynolds number. Then, the results are formulated in a correlation that provides a consistent approach from CFD to well/reservoir modeling. Using such a framework, operators can ensure their prototypes are suitable for any specific problem by altering the geometry and simulating several scenarios from CFD to well/reservoir model.