bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Looking for your cross‐group friends after the breakout? Children's intergroup contact behaviours before and after the onset of COVID‐19
Authors: Bagci Sabahat Cigdem , Yalcin Faruk Tayyip , Turnuklu Abbas , Vezzali Loris , Tercan Mustafa , Yilmaz Aysenur Didem 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWhile COVID‐19 implications for prejudice have been investigated among adults in previous research, children's intergroup reactions to the pandemic and specifically how native children's contact behaviours with refugees might have changed after the pandemic has not been examined yet. Drawing on a unique longitudinal school dataset (N = 861, 5th graders, Mage reported at T1 = 10.38, SD = 0.68) collected before the onset of the pandemic (T1, pre‐lockdown), after the onset of the pandemic (T2, post‐lockdown), and 6 months after the post‐lockdown (T3, follow‐up) in Turkey, we examined how children's contact behaviour (positive and negative contact), contact motivation (self‐efficacy and volition), as well as behavioural tendencies (approach and avoidance) have shifted during this period (2.5 years). We observed a consistent pattern of improvement in contact behaviours demonstrated by increases in positive contact variables and decreases in negative contact variables particularly from T1 to T2. The change in some positive contact variables was stable for 6 months, while negative contact and avoidance rapidly regressed to the baseline during the normalization period (T3). The boosting effect of the pandemic was particularly pronounced among children who displayed greater prejudice towards refugees before the pandemic. Findings contribute to the growing research literature delineating the potential benefits of COVID‐19 at the collective level.
Stochastic Time‐Series Analyses Highlight the Day‐To‐Day Dynamics of Lexical Frequencies
Authors: Holdaway Cameron , Piantadosi Steven T. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractStandard models in quantitative linguistics assume that word usage follows a fixed frequency distribution, often Zipf's law or a close relative. This view, however, does not capture the near daily variations in topics of conversation, nor the short‐term dynamics of language change. In order to understand the dynamics of human language use, we present a corpus of daily word frequency variation scraped from online news sources every 20 min for more than 2 years. We construct a simple time‐varying model with a latent state, which is observed via word frequency counts. We use Bayesian techniques to infer the parameters of this model for 20,000 words, allowing us to convert complex word‐frequency trajectories into low‐dimensional parameters in word usage. By analyzing the inferred parameters of this model, we quantify the relative mobility and drift of words on a day‐to‐day basis, while accounting for sampling error. We quantify this variation and show evidence against “rich‐get‐richer” models of word use, which have been previously hypothesized to explain statistical patterns in language.
Application issue of anthraquinonoid vat dyes on inherently flame‐resistant fabrics
Authors: Glogar Martinia , Pušić Tanja , Lovreškov Veronika , Kaurin Tea , Sutlović Ana 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe vat dyeing process of specific fabrics with protective, inherently fire retardant properties that have a high content of aramid fibres in their composition, is presented. The research was performed on fabric samples that differ in raw material composition and aramid content. The samples were dyed in raw form (group 1) as well as after pretreatment with alkaline scouring (group 2). Measured limiting oxygen index (LOI) values showed that the selected fabrics meet the properties of inherently fire retardant fabrics. Dyeing was performed with Indanthren® Olive Green HB (manufactured by DyStar) vat dye, in exhaustion process, with a bath ratio of 1:30. The dye concentration was 3%, and sodium‐hydrosulphite (Na2S2O4) was used as a reducing agent. The colouristic analyses were performed based on spectrophotometric measurement and results interpretation according to CIELab system. The evaluation of primary tactile properties was performed which show an increase of smoothness and softness after scouring and dyeing. Also, wash fastness as well as light fastness tests have shown satisfactory fastness properties.
Plasma‐derived factor VIIa and factor X mixture agent (MC710) prophylaxis in haemophilia B patients with inhibitors
Authors: Sakai Michio , Amano Kagehiro , Chin Motoaki , Takedani Hideyuki , Ishida Hiroyuki , Sakashita Kazuo , Taki Masashi , Migita Masahiro , Watanabe Hiroyoshi , Ishimura Masataka , Nogami Keiji , Harano Sho , Shirahata Akira 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIntroductionHaemophilia B patients with factor IX inhibitors have particularly unmet needs for conventional therapy.AimPhase II/III clinical trial, multicentre, open‐label, prospective, self‐controlled study was conducted to assess MC710 prophylaxis in haemophilia B patients with inhibitors.MethodsWe enrolled haemophilia patients who had received episodic or prophylactic treatment with bypassing agents up to that time. The participants continued their conventional therapy for 24 weeks and then MC710 was prophylactically infused intravenously every 2 or 3 days at 60 to 120 μg as FVIIa per kilogram of body weight for 24 weeks. The primary endpoint was the annual bleeding rate (ABR) requiring bypassing agents, which was compared intraindividually between the conventional therapy period and the MC710 prophylaxis period.ResultsA total of 11 male haemophilia B patients were enrolled. The median ABR ratio for each participant (the prophylaxis period ABR divided by the conventional therapy period ABR) was .33 (2.1/6.5), range from .00 to 3.77. ABR ratios for 9 of the 11 patients ranged from .00 to .60, and 3 of the 9 patients had zero bleeding events during the prophylaxis period. Meanwhile, ABR ratios for the remaining two patients were 2.53 and 3.77, respectively. Although a fibrinogen decrease recovered by the dose reduction was reported for only one participant as the sole adverse drug reaction in this study, no thrombotic events or other safety concerns were reported.ConclusionMC710 prophylaxis is considered to be decrease the bleeding rate in haemophilia B patients with inhibitors without safety concerns.
Porous Ce:YAG ceramics with controllable microstructure for high‐brightness laser lighting
Authors: Cheng Ziqiu , Wang Yanbin , Li Wanyuan , Liu Qiang , Deng Taoli , Liu Xin , Li Shuxing , Zhou Guohong , Xie Rong‐Jun , Li Jiang 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn order to meet the increasing demand for high‐power laser diode lighting and displays, phosphor converters with high‐brightness and high‐directionality ought to be constructed to enhance the luminance and luminous efficacy. However, the pores formed during the sintering of phosphor ceramics affect the scattering effect and directionality of light. Therefore, porosity optimization and pore size regulation need to be explored. In this work, a series of Ce:YAG ceramics with various porosities and pore sizes were prepared. The influences of porosity and pore size on the microstructure, light confinement ability, and optical properties of Ce:YAG ceramics were studied. The ceramic phosphor with a porosity of 10 vol.% and a pore size of 3 μm exhibits a good spot confinement ability and shows a high luminous flux value of 3430 lm and a central luminance (1669 592 cd/m2) under blue laser excitation. The 10 vol.% Ce:YAG ceramic phosphor with a pore size of 5 μm has the highest emission intensity and gives a maximum luminous efficacy of 268 lm/W and a luminous flux of 4020 lm under 30 W/mm2 blue laser excitation. Thus, the porous Ce:YAG ceramics are expected to be a promising candidate for high‐brightness laser lighting and projection applications.
Circ_0000052/miR‐382‐3p axis induces PD‐L1 expression and regulates cell proliferation and immune evasion in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Zhang De‐Jun , Fu Ze‐Ming , Guo Ying‐Yuan , Guo Fang , Wan Yi‐Ning , Guan Guo‐Fang 
Published: December 2022

AbstractA better understanding of the mechanisms underlying PD‐L1 aberrant expression in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) will help reveal predictive biomarkers and overcome resistance to treatment. In this study, the prognostic significance of PD‐L1 in forty‐five HNSCC archival samples was determined by qRT‐PCR. The biological function associated with malignant behaviour was assessed by PD‐L1 depletion, miR‐382‐3p re‐expression and regulation of circ_0000052. The interactions of PD‐L1‐miRNA and miRNA‐circRNA were determined by qRT‐PCR, Western blot analysis, dual‐luciferase reporter assays and RNA immunoprecipitation assays. PD‐L1 was highly expressed in patient samples and cancer cell lines. Higher levels of PD‐L1 were associated with patient recurrences and play a pivotal role in regulating cell proliferation, migration, invasion, clonogenicity and apoptosis. In addition to demonstrating that the IFN‐γ/JAK2/STAT1 signalling pathway can induce PD‐L1 overexpression in HNSCC, a novel mechanism by which upregulated circ_0000052 mediates PD‐L1 overexpression was also demonstrated. To do this, circ_0000052 competitively binds to miR‐382‐3p and alleviates its repression of PD‐L1. This leads to overexpression of PD‐L1, causing the aggressiveness of the cells. Our data demonstrate that circ_0000052 is oncogenic, and the circ_0000052/miR‐382‐3p/PD‐L1 axis is critical in HNSCC progression. The manipulation of circRNAs/miRNAs in combination with anti‐PD‐L1 therapy may improve personalized disease management.
Comparative efficacy of different eating patterns in the management of type 2 diabetes and prediabetes: An arm‐based Bayesian network meta‐analysis
Authors: Zeng Ben‐tuo , Pan Hui‐qing , Li Feng‐dan , Ye Zhen‐yu , Liu Yang , Du Ji‐wei 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACTAims/IntroductionDiet therapy is a vital approach to manage type 2 diabetes and prediabetes. However, the comparative efficacy of different eating patterns is not clear enough. We aimed to compare the efficacy of various eating patterns for glycemic control, anthropometrics, and serum lipid profiles in the management of type 2 diabetes and prediabetes.Materials and MethodsWe conducted a network meta‐analysis using arm‐based Bayesian methods and random effect models, and drew the conclusions using the partially contextualized framework. We searched twelve databases and yielded 9,534 related references, where 107 studies were eligible, comprising 8,909 participants.ResultsEleven diets were evaluated for 14 outcomes. Caloric restriction was ranked as the best pattern for weight loss (SUCRA 86.8%) and waist circumference (82.2%), low‐carbohydrate diets for body mass index (81.6%), and high‐density lipoprotein (84.0%), and low‐glycemic‐index diets for total cholesterol (87.5%) and low‐density lipoprotein (86.6%). Other interventions showed some superiorities, but were imprecise due to insufficient participants and needed further investigation. The attrition rates of interventions were similar. Meta‐regression suggested that macronutrients, energy intake, and weight may modify outcomes differently. The evidence was of moderate‐to‐low quality, and 38.2% of the evidence items met the minimal clinically important differences.ConclusionsThe selection and development of dietary strategies for diabetic/prediabetic patients should depend on their holistic conditions, i.e., serum lipid profiles, glucometabolic patterns, weight, and blood pressure. It is recommended to identify the most critical and urgent metabolic indicator to control for one specific patient, and then choose the most appropriate eating pattern accordingly.
New psychotropic medication use among Medicare beneficiaries with dementia after hospital discharge
Authors: Growdon Matthew E. , Gan Siqi , Yaffe Kristine , Lee Alexandra K. , Anderson Timothy S. , Muench Ulrike , Boscardin W. John , Steinman Michael A. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundHospitalizations among people with dementia (PWD) may precipitate behavioral changes, leading to the psychotropic medication use despite adverse outcomes and limited efficacy. We sought to determine the incidence of new psychotropic medication use among community‐dwelling PWD after hospital discharge and, among new users, the proportion with prolonged use.MethodsThis was a retrospective cohort study using a 20% random sample of Medicare claims in 2017, including hospitalized PWD with traditional and Part D Medicare who were 68 years or older. The primary outcome was incident prescribing at discharge of psychotropics including antipsychotics, sedative‐hypnotics, antiepileptics, and antidepressants. This was defined as new prescription fills (i.e., from classes not used in 180 days preadmission) within 7 days of hospital or skilled nursing facility discharge. Prolonged use was defined as the proportion of new users who continued to fill newly prescribed medications beyond 90 days of discharge.ResultsThe cohort included 117,022 hospitalized PWD with a mean age of 81 years; 63% were female. Preadmission, 63% were using at least 1 psychotropic medication; 10% were using medications from ≥3 psychotropic classes. These included antidepressants (44% preadmission), antiepileptics (29%), sedative‐hypnotics (21%), and antipsychotics (11%). The proportion of PWD discharged from the hospital with new psychotropics ranged from 1.9% (antipsychotics) to 2.9% (antiepileptics); 6.6% had at least one new class started. Among new users, prolonged use ranged from 36% (sedative‐hypnotics) to 63% (antidepressants); across drug classes, prolonged use occurred in 51%. Predictors of newly initiated psychotropics included length of stay (≥median vs. <median; aOR 1.5, 95% CI: 1.4–1.6) and delirium (aOR 1.8, 95% CI: 1.7–1.9).ConclusionsHospitalized PWD have a high prevalence of preadmission psychotropic medication use; against this baseline, discharge from the hospital with new psychotropics is relatively uncommon. Nevertheless, prolonged use of newly initiated psychotropics occurs in a substantial proportion of this population.
Longitudinal network models and permutation‐uniform Markov chains
Authors: Schwartz William K. , Petrović Sonja , Kaul Hemanshu 
Published: December 2022

AbstractConsider longitudinal networks whose edges turn on and off according to a discrete‐time Markov chain with exponential‐family transition probabilities. We characterize when their joint distributions are also exponential families with the same parameter, improving data reduction. Further we show that the permutation‐uniform subclass of these chains permit interpretation as an independent, identically distributed sequence on the same state space. We then apply these ideas to temporal exponential random graph models, for which permutation uniformity is well suited, and discuss mean‐parameter convergence, dyadic independence, and exchangeability. Our framework facilitates our introducing a new network model; simplifies analysis of some network and autoregressive models from the literature, including by permitting closed‐form expressions for maximum likelihood estimates for some models; and facilitates applying standard tools to longitudinal‐network Markov chains from either asymptotics or single‐observation exponential random graph models.
Evaluation of cell collection efficiency in non‐mobilized adult donors for autologous chimeric antigen receptor T‐cell manufacturing
Authors: Piñeyroa Juan A. , Cid Joan , Vlagea Alexandru , Carbassé Gloria , Henao Paola , Bailo Noemí , Ortiz‐Maldonado Valentín , Martínez‐Cibrian Núria , Español Marta , Delgado Julio , Urbano‐Ispizua Álvaro , Lozano Miquel 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesData about collection efficiency 1 (CE1), which takes into account blood cell counts before and after collection, thus providing a more accurate estimate, in the collection of autologous T lymphocytes by apheresis for chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T‐cells remain scarce. We evaluated donor‐ and procedure‐related characteristics that might influence the CE1 of lymphocytes.Materials and MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed all mononuclear cell (MNC) collections) performed for CAR T‐cell manufacturing in our institution from May 2017 to June 2021 in adult patients. Age, gender, weight, total blood volume (TBV), prior haematopoietic cell transplant, diagnosis, days between last treatment and apheresis, pre‐collection cell counts, duration of apheresis, TBV processed, vascular access, inlet flow and device type were analysed as potential factors affecting CE1 of lymphocytes.ResultsA total of 127 autologous MNC collections were performed on 118 patients diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (n = 53, 45%), non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (n = 40, 34%), multiple myeloma (n = 19, 16%), and chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (n = 6, 5%). The median CE1 of lymphocytes was 47% (interquartile range: 32%–65%). In multiple regression analysis, Amicus device was associated with higher CE1 of lymphocytes (p = 0.01) and lower CE1 of platelets (p < 0.01) when compared with Optia device.ConclusionThe knowledge of the MNC and lymphocyte CE1 of each apheresis device used to collect cells for CAR T therapy, together with the goal of the number of cells required, is essential to define the volume to be processed and to ensure the success of the collection.
Simplified Method of Analysis of Reactions Developed by Expansion in a Three-Anchor Piping System
Authors: Lochak Boris 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Existing methods of stress analysis in a three-dimensional piping system fully restrained at three points involve the predetermination of 78 coefficients, and the solution of 12 simultaneous equations. The author proposes a method which reduces the complicated three-anchor problem virtually to a simple two-anchor problem, involving only 21 constant coefficients and the determination of 6 equations. Actually, only routine tabulated computations are required by this method.
Mechanical Features of the Glenville Impulse Turbine
Authors: Pfau Arnold 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
At the Glenville Plant of the Nantahala Power and Light Company near Franklin, N. C., is the only large impulse-wheel turbine unit east of the Rockies. Its performance has established a water-wheel efficiency record for the United States of practically 89 per cent. This paper is devoted to descriptive details of the unit, its operations, and performance.
Radio-Frequency Technology in Wood Application
Authors: Russell G. F. , Mann J. W. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
As a basis for understanding the principles involved in applying radio-frequency heating to the resin-bonding of wood, the author explains certain fundamentals of radio theory which are involved. A particular quality of the radio-frequency field is its selectivity which results from the tendency of the field to follow the most conductive path between electrode extremities. Originally operations of bonding materials by this means placed alternate layers of wood and glue in the field so that the glue lines were established parallel with the electrodes causing the field to be perpendicular to the glue line. More recently it has been established that the normal resin-glue line is more conductive than the wood with which it is associated, and the technique of “parallel bonding” in which the field is parallel with the glue line has been developed. Details of the process, application of radio-frequency heating to specific cases, most efficient electrode arrangements, and results attained are treated comprehensively.
Aircraft-Engine Temperature Control
Authors: Ray William A. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Exposed to variations of as much as 200 deg F in ambient temperatures over short periods of time, the aircraft-engine temperature-control problem is a vital consideration of design and operation both of military and commercial aircraft. Weight, compression ratios, combustion rates, factors of safety, efficiency, ambient temperatures, and general operating conditions are all factors contributing to the necessity of controlling engine temperatures. The author undertakes an objective analysis of the problem and describes a system of hydraulic control which has been developed and which has proved satisfactory in service.
Centrifugal Casting of Steel
Authors: Moxley S. D. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This relatively new method of casting is being applied to great advantage in the economic production of high-quality engineering parts. The three methods generally used are true centrifugal casting, semicentrifugal casting, and centrifuging. The author gives a comprehensive description of each method, the work for which it is best adapted, the machines used, details of molds, and physical properties of the resulting products.
Effect of Combined High Temperature and High Humidity on the Corrosion of Samples of Various Metals
Authors: Maucher W. L. , Jones B. W. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The atmosphere around and in oil refineries is corrosive; and when these refineries are located in hot humid locations, this atmosphere attacks various metals actively. Four groups of eighteen selected metal specimens were subjected to this corrosive atmosphere in a refinery along the Gulf Coast. Two groups were located indoors and two groups outdoors for about one year. This paper is a report of how these specimens withstood this hot, humid, corrosive atmosphere.
Temperature Distribution Within Boiler Tubing Under Oblique Radiation
Authors: Kimball W. S. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The surface and interior temperature distribution in a section of boiler tubing under normal symmetric radiation from the furnace has been investigated by G. M. Dusinberre and others, and reported on in a discussion of data furnished by W. F. Davidson. In the same issue such problems in heat conduction are also treated by Paschkis using the method of electrical analogy, and by Emmons using the numerical method of obtaining approximate solutions; and in the reported discussion of the latter Dusinberre points out that the numerical method, carried out to the needed accuracy, checks the analytical solution and results are obtained with greater ease. The analytical method of Fourier, previously confined to the symmetric case of normal radiation, is here extended to the unsymmetric case where radiation from the fire is received obliquely and with consequent shadowing effect from adjoining tubes. An advantage of this investigation is that it supplies a general mathematical expression for temperature distribution under parallel radiation received at any angle with the boiler wall normal, thus affording a check on results that sometimes may be obtained easier by other methods. A further advantage is that this general mathematical expression makes it fairly easy to compare temperature gradients and hence rates of the heat transfer as done herein for various obliquity angles of received radiation.