bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Peptide Conjugated Dihydroazulene/Vinylheptafulvene Photoswitches in Aqueous Environment
Authors: Corbet Brian P. , Schlüter J. Malte , Cotroneo Elena R. , Crespi Stefano , Simeth Nadja A. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractLight‐responsive molecules have seen a major advance in modulating biological functions in recent years. Especially photoswitches are highly attractive building blocks due to the reversible nature of their light‐mediated reactivity. They are frequently used to affect both the properties of small bioactive compounds and biomacromolecules if incorporated suitably. Despite their success in a plethora of applications, only a limited set of photochromic core structures is routinely employed and a large number of photochromic couples are under‐investigated in biological context. Broadening the toolbox of photoswitches available to modulate biological activity would open new avenues and unlock the full potential of photoswitchable molecules for biological studies. In this work, we explore the photochemical and thermal properties of the dihydroazulene/vinylheptafulvene photochromic couple as peptide conjugates in aqueous environment.
Collective mobilisation as a contest for influence: Leading for change or against the status quo?
Authors: Subašić Emina , Mohamed Shaistha , Reynolds Katherine J. , Rushton Clare , Haslam S. Alexander 
Published: October 2022

AbstractLeadership is central to understanding social continuity and change, though rarely features in the study of collective action. Across three experiments (total N = 687), we examine how followers’ support for pro‐change leaders (Experiments 1–3) and pro‐status quo leaders (Experiments 1–2) varies as a function of leader alignment with group normative trajectory, the presence (vs. absence) of competing leaders, and shared group membership with followers. When pro‐change leaders were aligned with the normative trajectory of the group, they elicited higher collective action and voting intentions compared to pro‐status quo leaders (Experiments 1–2). When change leaders were non‐aligned, participants instead supported the pro‐status quo alternative (Experiment 1–2). Finally, the presence of leadership contests with aligned change leaders (Experiment 2) and pro‐status quo leaders (Experiments 2–3) reduced collective action and support for non‐aligned change leaders or those facing a polarised followership. Implications for research at the nexus of leadership and collective action are discussed.
Delineation of stratigraphic traps within the basin floor fans of Miocene sedimentary sequences, offshore Indus, Pakistan using inverted acoustic impedance simulations
Authors: Naseer Muhammad Tayyab , Naseem Shazia , Khalid Raja Hamad , Shah Muhammad Ali , Khalid Perveiz 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDeep‐water clastic settings frame major stratigraphic plays the world over. The advanced seismic interpretation tools provide prediction of accurate physical characteristics of undiscovered reservoirs, including their lithology, thickness, and porosity. The designed amplitude spectrum (DAS)‐based processing tool on Full spectrum seismic may yield a remarkable stratigraphy. This study deals with the prediction of thick and porous (possibly gas‐rich) litho‐facies using the DAS tool on high‐resolution seismal profiles within the offshore Indus Basin (OIB), SW Pakistan. The seismic and trace envelope magnitudes bound the demarcation of stratigraphic traps. The DAS processing tool on relative acoustic impedance inversion (RAI) magnitude demarcates the aggradational porous sandstone‐filled reservoirs, which are encased within a transgressive non‐porous shale‐filled channel‐levee system. The thickness predicted by band‐limited seismic acoustic impedance (AI) simulation for channels, point bars, and levees is 28, 27, and 24 m, respectively. The DAS‐based RAI processing on AI reservoir simulation accurately resolves the lenses of channel sandstone, point bars and levees, and confirms the channelized basin floor fans (BFFs) with an average 11, 34, 24, and 52 m thickness and a lateral extent between 10 and 25 km. The western zones have implications for basin development, which have accumulated the porous and thickest reservoir facies inside the aggradational parasequences of BFFs of Miocene sedimentary sequences. Hence, the presented scheme of exploration serves as a comparable example for exploring the hydrocarbon‐bearing plays inside OIB and global deep‐water depositional systems.
Evidence for independent representational contents in inhibitory control subprocesses associated with frontoparietal cortices
Authors: Gholamipourbarogh Negin , Ghin Filippo , Mückschel Moritz , Frings Christian , Stock Ann‐Kathrin , Beste Christian 
Published: October 2022

AbstractInhibitory control processes have intensively been studied in cognitive science for the past decades. Even though the neural dynamics underlying these processes are increasingly better understood, a critical open question is how the representational dynamics of the inhibitory control processes are modulated when engaging in response inhibition in a relatively automatic or a controlled mode. Against the background of an overarching theory of perception‐action integration, we combine temporal and spatial EEG signal decomposition methods with multivariate pattern analysis and source localization to obtain fine‐grained insights into the neural dynamics of the representational content of response inhibition. For this purpose, we used a sample of N = 40 healthy adult participants. The behavioural data suggest that response inhibition was better in a more controlled than a more automated response execution mode. Regarding neural dynamics, effects of response inhibition modes relied on a concomitant coding of stimulus‐related information and rules of how stimulus information is related to the appropriate motor programme. Crucially, these fractions of information, which are encoded at the same time in the neurophysiological signal, are based on two independent spatial neurophysiological activity patterns, also showing differences in the temporal stability of the representational content. Source localizations revealed that the precuneus and inferior parietal cortex regions are more relevant than prefrontal areas for the representation of stimulus–response selection codes. We provide a blueprint how a concatenation of EEG signal analysis methods, capturing distinct aspects of neural dynamics, can be connected to cognitive science theory on the importance of representations in action control.
Hippocampal cellular functional organization for fear memory: Effects of sleep
Authors: Cho Jiyeon , Pavlides Constantine 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMemory is vital to our daily existence. Although a large number of studies have suggested that the hippocampus is dedicated to long‐term memory, understanding how memory is anatomically encoded within the hippocampal neuronal network is still lacking. Previously our laboratory showed that hippocampal pyramidal cells are organized in cell clusters to encode both spatial and episodic memory. Based on these findings, we hypothesized that “cluster‐type” is a functional organization principal in the hippocampus to encode all types of memory. Here, we tested whether contextual fear, another hippocampus‐dependent memory, is also organized in cell clusters. We further investigated the possibility that post‐learning sleep may affect functional organization. Cluster formation was examined by assessing the topographic localization of active cells using immediate early gene (IEG, Zif268) imaging methods. The first experiment provides evidence of a cluster‐type organization in the hippocampus for fear memory by showing a spatial distribution of adjacent Zif268 positive cells. Exposure to the context itself, without electric shocks, induced a similar cellular formation; however, the degree of clustering was significantly lower. The second experiment provides evidence that sleep plays a role in the refinement and long‐term stability of the clusters. The present results confirm the existence of a cluster‐type topographic functional neuronal organization in the hippocampus for memory, and further suggest that post‐learning sleep enhances the cluster‐type organization.
Women know about perineal trauma risk but do not know how to prevent it: Knowledge, attitude, and practice
Authors: Gondim Edna Jéssica Lima , Moreira Mayle Andrade , Lima Amene Cidrão , de Aquino Priscila de Souza , do Nascimento Simony Lira 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of pelvic floor muscle (PFM) preparation for birth among postpartum women, and its related factors.MethodsCross‐sectional study conducted in a maternity unit among Brazilian women aged 14 years or older during the first 72 h postpartum, who desired and had vaginal birth. Sociodemographic, clinical, and obstetric data were collected using a standardized form from medical charts. A 15‐question questionnaire was used to measure the KAP of PFM preparation for birth. Knowledge was categorized as: poor, average, and good.ResultsIn all, 326 women completed the survey (mean age 24.3 ± 6.2 years) and 167 (51.2%) women had poor knowledge. The attitude of searching for information on how to prevent perineal trauma was reported by 14 (4.3%) women. Only 13 (4.0%) participants reported that they had practiced at least one session of PFM preparation during pregnancy (PFM training, perineal massage, etc.) Multivariate analysis showed that lower educational level was associated with poor knowledge (P < 0.05).ConclusionThe KAP of PFM preparation for birth is inadequate among postpartum women. Health education regarding PFM care during pregnancy and postpartum should be addressed among pregnant women, specifically younger women with lower levels of education and income.
Impact of saline infusion and citrate infusion rate during donor plasmapheresis
Authors: Evers Josef , Schreiber George B. , Taborski Uwe 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe purpose of our research was to evaluate the effects of saline infusion to counteract incidents of severe hypotension during donor plasmapheresis (DP; synonym with plasma donation), and on immunoglobulin G (IgG) content in collected plasma, and on donor hematological values. It examines the clearance (Cl) of IgG during DP without saline to calculate the distribution of citrate and citrate infusion rate (CIR) during DP. It is based on three studies: an observation of saline infusion in donors with severe drops in blood pressure at DP, and two crossover trials of 32 repeat plasma donors each on saline infusion during DP. We observed 50 cases with a significant drop of mean systolic blood pressure ≤90 mm Hg in 1 year, predominantly in young, female first‐time donors. In trial 1, there was a reduction of IgG concentration in collected plasma related to the average IgG serum concentration without saline to 85.5% vs to 80.5% with saline (P < .001). In trial 2, there was an important 11%‐12% increase of the donor hematological values without saline during DP. An average of 84.6% of citrate was removed in retained plasma; our calculated minimal CIR of 0.16 ± 0.17 mg/kg/min was confirmed by other empirical studies. Our research has led to significant improvements in the practice of DP: (a) Saline should be infused at DP as clinically indicated in agreement with the donor. (b) Young, female first‐time donors require special care. (c) The long‐time effects of minimal amounts of citrate on bone metabolism are improbable.
Persistent epigenetic alterations in transcription factors after a sustained virological response in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Sugimachi Keishi , Araki Hiromitsu , Saito Hideyuki , Masuda Takaaki , Miura Fumihito , Inoue Kentaro , Shimagaki Tomonari , Mano Yohei , Iguchi Tomohiro , Morita Masaru , Toh Yasushi , Yoshizumi Tomoharu , Ito Takashi , Mimori Koshi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackground and AimThe risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) persists in a condition of sustained virologic response (SVR) after hepatitis C virus (HCV) eradication. Comprehensive molecular analyses were performed to test the hypothesis that epigenetic abnormalities present after an SVR play a role in hepatocarcinogenesis.MethodsWhole‐genome methylome and RNA sequencing were performed on HCV, SVR, and healthy liver tissue. Integrated analysis of the sequencing data focused on expression changes in transcription factors and their target genes, commonly found in HCV and SVR. Identified expression changes were validated in demethylated cultured HCC cell lines and an independent validation cohort.ResultsThe coincidence rates of the differentially methylated regions between the HCV and SVR groups were 91% in the hypomethylated and 71% in the hypermethylated regions in tumorous tissues, and 37% in the hypomethylated and 36% in the hypermethylated regions in non‐tumorous tissues. These results indicate that many epigenomic abnormalities persist even after an SVR was achieved. Integrated analysis identified 61 transcription factors and 379 other genes that had methylation abnormalities and gene expression changes in both groups. Validation cohort specified gene expression changes for 14 genes, and gene ontology pathway analysis revealed apoptotic signaling and inflammatory response were associated with these genes.ConclusionThis study demonstrates that DNA methylation abnormalities, retained after HCV eradication, affect the expression of transcription factors and their target genes. These findings suggest that DNA methylation in SVR patients may be functionally important in carcinogenesis, and could serve as biomarkers to predict HCC occurrence.
X‐linked BCOR variants identified in Chinese Han patients with congenital heart disease
Authors: Suo Mei‐Jiao , Chen Wei‐Cheng , Xu Zi‐Qing , Tian Gui‐Xiang , Li Ting , Li Ping , Sheng Wei , Huang Guo‐Ying , Ma Xiao‐Jing 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundCongenital heart disease (CHD) frequently manifests as a complex phenotype and approximately one‐third of cases may be caused by genetic factors. BCOR, an X‐linked gene encoding the corepressor of BCL6, has been demonstrated to be closely involved in human heart development. However, whether BCOR variants represent the genetic etiology underlying CHD needs further investigation.MethodsWe performed whole exome sequencing on CHD nuclear families and identified a candidate gene, BCOR, by robust bioinformatic analysis and medical literature searches. Targeted DNA sequencing of the candidate gene was conducted and then the association between variants and the risk of developing CHD was analyzed. The effects of BCOR mutations on gene expression, localization, protein interaction, and signaling pathways were evaluated in vitro.ResultsWe identified a BCOR hemizygous missense variant (c.1448C>T, p.Pro483Leu) in a male proband presented with CHD/heterotaxy. Sanger sequencing confirmed that this variant was inherited from his asymptomatic mother. Interestingly, through literature searches, we observed another novel BCOR hemizygous missense variant (c.1619G>A, p.Arg540Gln) in a CHD patient with heterotaxy, supporting the pathogenic evidence of BCOR variants. Functional experiments conducted in vitro revealed that the variant p.Pro483Leu altered the subcellular localization of BCOR protein, disrupted its interaction with BCL6, and significantly promoted cell proliferation, whereas the variant p.Arg540Gln displayed no obvious effects. Nevertheless, transcriptional analysis revealed that down‐regulation of BCOR substantially enhanced the activities of mitogen‐activated protein and phosphoinositide 3‐kinase‐AKT signaling pathways, which are closely attributed to heart development. Targeted sequencing of 932 sporadic CHD patients enriched nine variants of BCOR predicted as likely rare and damaging and a septal defect was present in 81.8% (9/11) of them, including the two probands, which was consistent with the possible phenotype caused by BCOR defects.ConclusionsThe findings of the present study indicate that variants in BCOR may predispose individuals to CHD in the Chinese Han population.
Microscopic anatomy of the integument in the ribbon worm Micrura bella (Stimpson, 1857) (Pilidiophora, Nemertea)
Authors: Pereverzeva Alexandra O. , Chernyshev Alexei V. , Magarlamov Timur Yu 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe integument of ribbon worms in the order Heteronemertea is distinct from the integuments in the other taxa of nemerteans due to the presence of a special subepidermal glandular layer, the cutis. Among heteronemerteans, the ultrastructure of the cutis has been studied only in the Lineus ruber species complex. In the current study, ultrastructural (transmission electron microscopy) and histochemical studies of the epidermis and the cutis of Micrura bella from the basal Lineage A of the family Lineidae were performed. The epidermis consisted of ciliated and serous gland cells and is separated from the cutis by a layer of the subepidermal extracellular matrix; the basal lamina was not detected. The cutis comprised musculature, two types of mucous and four types of granular gland cells, and pigment cells with four types of granules. In the cutis of juvenile worms, type II granular gland cells and type II mucous cells were not observed. The integument of the caudal cirrus consisted of ciliated and serous gland cells and two intraepidermal lateral nerve cords; the cutis was absent. The compositions of the integument glands of M. bella and the L. ruber species complex are similar, except for the presence of type IV granular gland cells with narrow rod‐shaped and lamellated granules exhibiting an alternating dark and light transverse layers and type II mucous cells found only in M. bella.
Quantification of Prostate Cancer Metabolism Using 3D Multiecho bSSFP and Hyperpolarized [1‐13C] Pyruvate: Metabolism Differs Between Tumors of the Same Gleason Grade
Authors: Chowdhury Rafat , Mueller Christoph A. , Smith Lorna , Gong Fiona , Papoutsaki Marianthi‐Vasiliki , Rogers Harriet , Syer Tom , Singh Saurabh , Brembilla Giorgio , Retter Adam , Bullock Max , Caselton Lucy , Mathew Manju , Dineen Eoin , Parry Thomas , Hennig Jürgen , von Elverfeldt Dominik , Schmidt Andreas B. , Hövener Jan‐Bernd , Emberton Mark , Atkinson David , Bainbridge Alan , Gadian David G. , Punwani Shonit 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundThree‐dimensional (3D) multiecho balanced steady‐state free precession (ME‐bSSFP) has previously been demonstrated in preclinical hyperpolarized (HP) 13C‐MRI in vivo experiments, and it may be suitable for clinical metabolic imaging of prostate cancer (PCa).PurposeTo validate a signal simulation framework for the use of sequence parameter optimization. To demonstrate the feasibility of ME‐bSSFP for HP 13C‐MRI in patients. To evaluate the metabolism in PCa measured by ME‐bSSFP.Study TypeRetrospective single‐center cohort study.Phantoms/PopulationPhantoms containing aqueous solutions of [1‐13C] lactate (2.3 M) and [13C] urea (8 M). Eight patients (mean age 67 ± 6 years) with biopsy‐confirmed Gleason 3 + 4 (n = 7) and 4 + 3 (n = 1) PCa.Field Strength/Sequences1H MRI at 3 T with T2‐weighted turbo spin‐echo sequence used for spatial localization and spoiled dual gradient‐echo sequence used for B0‐field measurement. ME‐bSSFP sequence for 13C MR spectroscopic imaging with retrospective multipoint IDEAL metabolite separation.AssessmentThe primary endpoint was the analysis of pyruvate‐to‐lactate conversion in PCa and healthy prostate regions of interest (ROIs) using model‐free area under the curve (AUC) ratios and a one‐directional kinetic model (kP). The secondary objectives were to investigate the correlation between simulated and experimental ME‐bSSFP metabolite signals for HP 13C‐MRI parameter optimization.Statistical TestsPearson correlation coefficients with 95% confidence intervals and paired t‐tests. The level of statistical significance was set at P < 0.05.ResultsStrong correlations between simulated and empirical ME‐bSSFP signals were found (r > 0.96). Therefore, the simulation framework was used for sequence optimization. Whole prostate metabolic HP 13C‐MRI, observing the conversion of pyruvate into lactate, with a temporal resolution of 6 seconds was demonstrated using ME‐bSSFP. Both assessed metrics resulted in significant differences between PCa (mean ± SD) (AUC = 0.33 ± 012, kP = 0.038 ± 0.014) and healthy (AUC = 0.15 ± 0.10, kP = 0.011 ± 0.007) ROIs.Data ConclusionMetabolic HP 13C‐MRI in the prostate using ME‐bSSFP allows for differentiation between aggressive PCa and healthy tissue.Evidence Level2Technical EfficacyStage 1
Functional Movement Disorders and Deep Brain Stimulation: A Multi‐Center Study
Authors: Marsili Luca , Keeling Elizabeth G. , Maciel Ricardo , Contarino Maria Fiorella , Zutt Rodi , Okun Michael S. , Almeida Leonardo , Deeb Wissam , Kern Drew , Macias‐Garcia Daniel , Carrillo Fatima , Mir Pablo , Merola Aristide , Espay Alberto J. , Fasano Alfonso 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACTBackgroundFunctional movement disorders (FMD) are a commonly under‐recognized diagnosis in patients with underlying neurodegenerative diseases. FMD have been observed in patients undergoing deep brain stimulation (DBS) for Parkinson's disease (PD) and other movement disorders. The prevalence of coexisting FMD among movement disorder‐related DBS patients is unknown, and it may occur more often than previously recognized.MethodsWe retrospectively assessed the relative prevalence and clinical characteristics of FMD occurring post‐DBS, in PD and dystonia patients (FMD+, n = 29). We compared this cohort with age at surgery‐, sex‐, and diagnosis‐matched subjects without FMD post‐DBS (FMD−, n = 29).ResultsBoth the FMD prevalence (0.2%–2.1%) and the number of cases/DBS procedures/year varied across centers (0.15–3.65). A total of nine of 29 FMD+ cases reported worse outcomes following DBS. Although FMD+ and FMD− manifested similar features, FMD+ showed higher psychiatric comorbidity.ConclusionsDBS may be complicated by the development of FMD in a subset of patients, particularly those with pre‐morbid psychiatric conditions.
Trendbericht Theoretische Chemie 2022: Quantenmechanik und Molekulardynamik
Authors: Rossi Mariana 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMaschinelles Lernen eignet sich, um Photochemie und somit elektronisch angeregte Zustände zu beschreiben; klassische Molekulardynamiktechniken erlauben, bestimmte Aspekte der nuklearen Quanteneffekte in Probleme der physikalischen Chemie einzubeziehen, und was Finite‐Feld‐Methoden mit alten Sternen zu tun haben.
Energie: Chinas Wasserstoffstrategie
Authors: Schmid Rolf , Xiong Xing 
Published: October 2022

AbstractChina könnte zu einer führenden Nation bei nichtfossilem Wasserstoff werden. Damit lassen sich Brennstoffe ersetzen und die Importabhängigkeit von Erdöl und Erdgas verringern. Das passt zu Chinas umweltpolitischen Zielen und ist eine Antwort auf geopolitische Spannungen und Handelskonflikte.
Direkte (Hetero‐)Arylierung – konjugierte Polymere in Grün
Authors: Lissel Franziska 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPolymere Halbleiter sind die Herzstücke der organischen Elektronik. Sie werden in der Regel über übergangsmetallkatalysierte Polykondensationen hergestellt. Diese sind nicht atomökonomisch, zudem entstehen oft toxische Nebenprodukte. Die direkte (Hetero‐)Arylierung macht polymere Halbleiter weniger umweltschädlich und nachhaltiger zugänglich.
Regionales FCI‐Stipendiat:innen‐Treffen in München
Authors: Großkopf Johannes , Langschwager Tim 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAnfang August kamen die durch den Fonds der Chemischen Industrie geförderten Liebig‐ und Kekulé‐Stipendiat:innen in Garching zusammen. Insgesamt elf Promovierende und vier Habilitanden der Ludwig‐Maximilians‐Universität (LMU) sowie der Technischen Universität München (TUM) folgten der Einladung von Golo Storch, Nachwuchsgruppenleiter an der TU München und ehemaliger Liebig‐Stipendiat, und präsentierten ihre Forschungsergebnisse. Zudem berichteten Max Siebert und der ehemalige Chemiefonds‐Stipendiat Sebastian Pallmann und über ihren Werdegang von der Promotion in die Industrieforschung.