bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Climate Change, Impacts, Adaptation and Risk Management
Authors: Venäläinen Ari , Ruosteenoja Kimmo , Lehtonen Ilari , Laapas Mikko , Tikkanen Olli-Pekka , Peltola Heli 
Published: August 2022

AbstractUnder the moderate future greenhouse gas emissions scenario (RCP4.5), climate model simulations project that the annual mean temperature will increase in Europe by up to 2–3 °C by the middle of this century, compared to the end of the nineteenth century. The temperature increase is projected to be larger in Northern Europe than in Central and Southern Europe. The annual precipitation is projected to decrease in Southern Europe and increase in Northern and Central Europe. The projected changes in temperature and precipitation are expected to be higher in the winter than in the summer months. In Northern Europe, forest growth is generally projected to increase due to warmer and longer growing seasons. In southern Europe in particular, warmer and dryer summers are projected to decrease forest growth. Climate change is expected also to expose forests and forestry to multiple abiotic and biotic risks throughout Europe. The greatest abiotic risks to forests are caused by windstorms, drought, forest fires and extreme snow loading on trees. The warmer climate will also increase biotic risks to forests, such as damage caused by European spruce bark beetle (Ips typographus) outbreaks in Norway spruce (Picea abies) forests and wood decay by Heterobasidion spp. root rot in Norway spruce and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) forests. Different adaptation and risk management actions may be needed, depending on geographical region and time span, in order to maintain forest resilience, which is also important for climate change mitigation.
Outlook for the Forest-Based Bioeconomy
Authors: Hurmekoski Elias , Hetemäki Lauri , Jänis Janne 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe state of the world’s managed forests is determined by the societal demands for wood resources and other ecosystem services. The forest-based sector is experiencing a number of structural changes, which makes the task of looking ahead important, but challenging. One of the main trends in the forest-based industries is diversification. On one hand, this refers to the emergence of new factors influencing the demand for forest-based products, which leads to substitution between forest-based products and alternative products. On the other hand, it refers to new market opportunities for forest-based industries in, for example, the construction, textiles, packaging, biochemicals and biofuels markets. As the importance of some of the traditional forest-based industries, such as communication papers, is declining, and new opportunities are simultaneously emerging, the sector will not necessarily be dominated by single sectors in the long term. However, research illuminating the possible impacts of the expected structural changes of the forest-based sector remains scarce. The uncertainties in the future outlook of the forest-based sector also imply great uncertainties in the demand for roundwood globally, and by extension, the extent of trade-offs between different ecosystem services and land uses.
Climate-Smart Forestry Approach
Authors: Hetemäki Lauri , Verkerk Hans 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe climate-smart forestry approach was pioneered in 2015 and has been generating increasing interest since then. It was developed as a response to the often very narrow and partial perspective on how forests and the forest-based sector can contribute to climate-change mitigation. Moreover, its basis is the understanding that, in order to effectively enhance climate mitigation, efforts should be made to find synergies and minimise trade-offs with the other ecosystem services forests provide, such as biodiversity, wood production and recreation. By doing this, greater support can be generated for climate mitigation measures. The approach acknowledges that there is no one-size-fits-all toolkit to cover all circumstances, but rather measures have to be tailored according to regional characteristics and institutions. In summary, climate-smart forestry is a holistic approach to how forests and the forest-based sector can contribute to climate-change mitigation that considers the need to adapt to climate change, while taking into account specific regional settings.
Datensouveränität als informationelle Freiheitsgestaltung
Authors: Hummel Patrik , Braun Matthias , Augsberg Steffen , Ulmenstein Ulrich von , Dabrock Peter 
Published: August 2022

ZusammenfassungIn den vergangenen Jahren tritt Souveränität als Leitkonzept im Kontext der Digitalisierung immer häufiger in Erscheinung. Im Folgenden werden wir einen spezifischen Fall von Datensouveränität in den Blick nehmen und entfalten: die Datensouveränität von Patientinnen im deutschen Gesundheitswesen. Wir argumentieren, dass Datensouveränität mindestens zwei Aspekte umfasst. Zum einen hat Datensouveränität eine abwehrrechtliche Dimension, die primär den Schutz von Persönlichkeitsrechten und die Bewahrung von Freiheitsvollzügen betrifft. Zum anderen ist mit Datensouveränität der Anspruch verknüpft, Daten verfügbar machen zu können. Für beide Aspekte ist die Kontrollierbarkeit von Daten zentrale Voraussetzung.
The 2PM Hamiltonian for binary Kerr to quartic in spin
Authors: Chen Wei-Ming , Chung Ming-Zhi , Huang Yu-tin , Kim Jung-Wook 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
From the S-matrix of spinning particles, we extract the 2 PM conservative potential for binary spinning black holes up to quartic order in spin operators. An important ingredient is the exponentiated gravitational Compton amplitude in the classical spin-limit for all graviton helicity sectors. The validity of the resulting Hamiltonian is verified by matching to known lower spin order results, as well as direct computation of the 2PM impulse and spin kicks from the eikonal phase and that from the test black hole scattering based on Mathisson-Papapetrou-Dixon equations.
Finite temperature corrections to black hole quasinormal modes from 2D CFT
Authors: Pal Sanchari 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We revisit the holographic calculation of the decay modes of the BTZ blackhole perturbed by a scalar probe. We carry out a finite temperature expansion of the torus two point function of large central charge (c) CFTs in order to obtain the corrections to blackhole quasinormal modes. We take the contribution of the lightest primary above the vacuum, with dimension ∆χ and upper bound of c/6, in the torus two point function. We exploit the modular properties of 2D CFT on the torus to connect the expression of thermal two point function at high temperature with the same at low temperature. The correction term can be expressed as a four point function on the Riemann sphere. In the dual bulk theory the corrections are expected to arise due to the presence of a light matter field in the spacetime along with gravity. In the holographic limit the effects of this correction term is encoded in the change in blackhole temperature. This leads to new quasinormal modes and modification of thermalization time scale.
Long-Term Biodistribution and Safety of Human Dystrophin Expressing Chimeric Cell Therapy After Systemic-Intraosseous Administration to Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy Model
Authors: Siemionow Maria , Brodowska Sonia , Langa Paulina , Zalants Kristina , Kozlowska Katarzyna , Grau-Kazmierczak Wictoria , Heydemann Ahlke 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDuchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a lethal disease caused by X-linked mutations in the dystrophin gene. Dystrophin deficiency results in progressive degeneration of cardiac, respiratory and skeletal muscles leading to premature death due to cardiopulmonary complications. Currently, no cure exists for DMD. Based on our previous reports confirming a protective effect of human dystrophin expressing chimeric (DEC) cell therapy on cardiac, respiratory, and skeletal muscle function after intraosseous administration, now we assessed long-term safety and biodistribution of human DEC therapy for potential clinical applications in DMD patients. Safety of different DEC doses (1 × 106 and 5 × 106) was assessed at 180 days after systemic-intraosseous administration to mdx/scid mice, a model of DMD. Assessments included: single cell gel electrophoresis assay (COMET assay) to confirm lack of genetic toxicology, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for tumorigenicity, and body, muscle and organ weights. Human DEC biodistribution to the target (heart, diaphragm, gastrocnemius muscle) and non-target (blood, bone marrow, lung, liver, spleen) organs was detected by flow cytometry assessment of HLA-ABC markers. Human origin of dystrophin was verified by co-localization of dystrophin and human spectrin by immunofluorescence. No complications were observed after intraosseous transplant of human DEC. COMET assay of donors and fused DEC cells confirmed lack of DNA damage. Biodistribution analysis of HLA-ABC expression revealed dose-dependent presence of human DEC cells in target organs, whereas negligible presence was detected in non-target organs. Human origin of dystrophin in the heart, diaphragm and gastrocnemius muscle was confirmed by co-localization of dystrophin expression with human spectrin. MRI revealed no evidence of tumor formation. Body mass and muscle and organ weights were stable and comparable to vehicle controls, further confirming DEC safety at 180 days post- transplant. This preclinical study confirmed long-term local and systemic safety of human DEC therapy at 180 days after intraosseous administration. Thus, DEC can be considered as a novel myoblast based advanced therapy medicinal product for DMD patients.
Stereotactic radiotherapy of brain metastases: clinical impact of three-dimensional SPACE imaging for 3T-MRI-based treatment planning
Authors: Welzel Thomas , El Shafie Rami A. , v. Nettelbladt Bastian , Bernhardt Denise , Rieken Stefan , Debus Jürgen 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose
For planning CyberKnife stereotactic radiosurgery (CK SRS) of brain metastases (BM), it is essential to precisely determine the exact number and location of BM in MRI. Recent MR studies suggest the superiority of contrast-enhanced 3D fast spin echo SPACE (sampling perfection with application-optimized contrast by using different flip angle evolutions) images over 3D gradient echo (GE) T1-weighted MPRAGE (magnetization-prepared rapid gradient echo) images for detecting small BM. The aim of this study is to test the usability of the SPACE sequence for MRI-based radiation treatment planning and its impact on changing treatment.

Methods
For MRI-based radiation treatment planning using 3T MRI in 199 patients with cerebral oligometastases, we compared the detectability of BM in post-gadolinium SPACE images, post-gadolinium MPRAGE images, and post-gadolinium late-phase MPRAGE images.

Results
When SPACE images were used for MRI-based radiation treatment planning, 29.8% and 16.9% more BM, respectively, were detected and included in treatment planning than in the post-gadolinium MPRAGE images and the post-gadolinium late-phase MPRAGE images (post-gadolinium MPRAGE imaging: ntotal = 681, mean ± SD 3.4 ± 4.2; post-gadolinium SPACE imaging: ntotal = 884, mean ± SD 4.4 ± 6.0; post-gadolinium late-phase MPRAGE imaging: ntotal = 796, mean ± SD 4.0 ± 5.3; Ppost-gadolinium SPACE imaging versus post-gadolinium MPRAGE imaging < 0.0001, Ppost-gadolinium SPACE imaging versus post-gadolinium late-phase MPRAGE imaging< 0.0001).

Conclusion
For 3T MRI-based treatment planning of stereotactic radiosurgery of BM, we recommend the use of post-gadolinium SPACE imaging rather than post-gadolinium MPRAGE imaging.
Should I stay or should I fly? Migration phenology, individual-based migration decision and seasonal changes in foraging behaviour of Common Woodpigeons
Authors: Schumm Yvonne R. , Masello Juan F. , Cohou Valerie , Mourguiart Philippe , Metzger Benjamin , Rösner Sascha , Quillfeldt Petra 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMigration is used by many species as a strategy to deal with a seasonally changing environment. For some species, migration patterns can vary across different or even within the same breeding area. The Common WoodpigeonColumba palumbus, an abundant and widespread Palearctic species, exhibits three migratory strategies (strictly migratory, partially migratory and resident) across its European breeding grounds. Based on ring recoveries and satellite tracking data, we investigated the migration and foraging behaviour of Woodpigeons breeding in Southwestern Europe (Portugal) and Central Europe (Germany). We found that individuals could be classified as residents (Portugal) or partial migrants (Germany), with migrating individuals following the European sector of the East Atlantic flyway, and mainly wintering in France. In addition to general data on migration phenology, we provide evidence for different migration strategies (migration of varying distances or resident behaviour), low wintering site fidelity and the use of multiple wintering sites. Furthermore, tracking data provided information on migratory behaviour in consecutive years, clearly showing that individuals may switch migratory strategies (resident vs. migrant) between years, i.e. are facultative partial migrants. While individuals from Portugal mainly stayed within a large park (‘green urban area’) year-round, Woodpigeons from the city of Giessen (Germany) regularly left the urban area to forage on surrounding farmland (with an average distance covered of 5.7 km), particularly from July to September. Overall, our results highlight the behavioural plasticity in Woodpigeons in terms of foraging and migration strategies within and amongst individuals as well as populations.
Gradient-based optimisation of rectangular honeycomb core sandwich panels
Authors: Santos Luis , Izzuddin Bassam A. , Macorini Lorenzo 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWhen subjected to bending loads, sandwich panels are highly efficient structural components with the potential to achieve substantial weight reduction. A successful design methodology for sandwich panels should aim at maximising this potential for weight reduction while considering the various possible failure mode in a simple yet accurate manner. This paper investigates the application of steel sandwich panels as two-way deck systems. Near-optimal designs for all-steel Rectangular Honeycomb Core Sandwich Panels (RHCSPs) under general out-of-plane loading are achieved using a gradient-based optimisation method. The method relies on continuously optimising the design limit state constraints while the response constraints are considered a priori in the analysis stage using simplified analytical assessment. Plate bending solutions and sandwich bending solutions are used as alternatives to estimate the internal stresses on each layer of the sandwich panel under out-of-plane loads, where comparisons are made between these two analysis methods in terms of computational efficiency and accuracy. The internal stresses are then used to formulate design limit state equations for each relevant failure mode, including material yielding, plate buckling and deformation control. The Method of Moving Asymptotes is used for the optimisation of RHCSPs, considering the limit states as the constraints of the optimisation problem and weight as the objective function to be minimised. The proposed methodology for simplified assessment is verified against detailed nonlinear finite element models for optimal design solutions. The implications of the results of the proposed optimisation strategy on the development of a systematic design methodology for RHCSPs are also highlighted, making specific reference to critical failure modes.
Effects of the LC mobile phase in vacuum differential mobility spectrometry-mass spectrometry for the selective analysis of antidepressant drugs in human plasma
Authors: Girard Maria Fernanda Cifuentes , Knight Patrick , Giles Roger , Hopfgartner Gérard 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe effect of LC mobile phase composition and flow rate (2–50 µL/min) on mobility behavior in vacuum differential mobility spectrometry (vDMS) was investigated for electrosprayed isobaric antidepressant drugs (AD); amitriptyline, maprotiline, venlafaxine; and structurally related antidepressants nortriptyline, imipramine, and desipramine. While at 2 µL/min, no difference in compensation voltage was observed with methanol and acetonitrile, at 50 µL/min, acetonitrile used for LC elution of analytes enabled the selectivity of the mobility separation to be improved. An accurate and sensitive method could be developed for the quantification of six AD drugs in human plasma using trap/elute micro-LC setup hyphenated to vDMS with mass spectrometric detection in the selected ion monitoring mode. The assay was found to be linear over three orders of magnitude, and the limit of quantification was of 25 ng/mL for all analytes. The LC-vDMS-SIM/MS method was compared to a LC-MRM/MS method, and in both cases, inter-assay precisions were lower than 12.5 and accuracies were in the range 91.5–110%, but with a four times reduced analysis time (2 min) for the LC-vDMS-SIM/MS method. This work illustrates that with vDMS, the LC mobile phase composition can be used to tune the ion mobility separation and to improve assay selectivity without additional hardware.
Graphical abstract
A blood-based immune marker for resistance to pembrolizumab in patients with metastatic urothelial cancer
Authors: Rijnders Maud , Robbrecht Debbie G. J. , Oostvogels Astrid A. M. , van Brakel Mandy , Boormans Joost L. , Aarts Maureen J. B. , Balcioglu Hayri E. , Hamberg Paul , Voortman Jens , Westgeest Hans M. , Lolkema Martijn P. , de Wit Ronald , van der Veldt Astrid A. M. , Debets Reno 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPD1 inhibition is effective in patients with metastatic urothelial cancer (mUC), yet a large fraction of patients does not respond. In this study, we aimed to identify a blood-based immune marker associated with non-response to facilitate patient selection for anti-PD1. To this end, we quantified 18 immune cell populations using multiplex flow cytometry in blood samples from 71 patients with mUC (as part of a biomarker discovery trial; NCT03263039, registration date 28-08-2017). Patients were classified as responder (ongoing complete or partial response, or stable disease; n = 25) or non-responder (progressive disease; n = 46) according to RECIST v1.1 at 6 months of treatment with pembrolizumab. We observed no differences in numbers of lymphocytes, T-cells, granulocytes, monocytes or their subsets between responders and non-responders at baseline. In contrast, analysis of ratios of immune cell populations revealed that a high mature neutrophil-to-T-cell ratio (MNTR) exclusively identified non-responders. In addition, the survival of patients with high versus low MNTR was poor: median overall survival (OS) 2.2 vs 8.9 months (hazard ratio (HR) 6.6; p < 0.00001), and median progression-free survival (PFS) 1.5 vs 5.2 months (HR 5.6; p < 0.0001). The associations with therapy response, OS, and PFS for the MNTR were stronger than for the classical neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (HR for OS 3.5, and PFS 3) and the PD-L1 combined positivity score (HR for OS 1.9, and PFS 2.1). In conclusion, the MNTR distinctly and uniquely identified non-responders to treatment and may represent a novel pre-treatment blood-based immune metric to select patients with mUC for treatment with pembrolizumab.
The large-sample asymptotic behaviour of quartet-based summary methods for species tree inference
Authors: Chan Yao-ban , Li Qiuyi , Scornavacca Celine 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSummary methods seek to infer a species tree from a set of gene trees. A desirable property of such methods is that of statistical consistency; that is, the probability of inferring the wrong species tree (the error probability) tends to 0 as the number of input gene trees becomes large. A popular paradigm is to infer a species tree that agrees with the maximum number of quartets from the input set of gene trees; this has been proved to be statistically consistent under several models of gene evolution. In this paper, we study the asymptotic behaviour of the error probability of such methods in this limit, and show that it decays exponentially. For a 4-taxon species tree, we derive a closed form for the asymptotic behaviour in terms of the probability that the gene evolution process produces the correct topology. We also derive bounds for the sample complexity (the number of gene trees required to infer the true species tree with a given probability), which outperform existing bounds. We then extend our results to bounds for the asymptotic behaviour of the error probability for any species tree, and compare these to the true error probability for some model species trees using simulations.
Standard diametric versus volumetric early tumor shrinkage as a predictor of survival in metastatic colorectal cancer: subgroup findings of the randomized, open-label phase III trial FIRE-3 / AIO KRK-0306
Authors: Hofmann Felix O. , Heinemann Volker , D’Anastasi Melvin , Gesenhues Alena B. , Hesse Nina , von Weikersthal Ludwig Fischer , Decker Thomas , Kiani Alexander , Moehler Markus , Kaiser Florian , Heintges Tobias , Kahl Christoph , Kullmann Frank , Scheithauer Werner , Link Hartmut , Modest Dominik P. , Stintzing Sebastian , Holch Julian W. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objectives
Early tumor shrinkage (ETS) quantifies the objective response at the first assessment during systemic treatment. In metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC), ETS gains relevance as an early available surrogate for patient survival. The aim of this study was to increase the predictive accuracy of ETS by using semi-automated volumetry instead of standard diametric measurements.

Methods
Diametric and volumetric ETS were retrospectively calculated in 253 mCRC patients who received 5-fluorouracil, leucovorin, and irinotecan (FOLFIRI) combined with either cetuximab or bevacizumab. The association of diametric and volumetric ETS with overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) was compared.

Results
Continuous diametric and volumetric ETS predicted survival similarly regarding concordance indices (p > .05). In receiver operating characteristics, a volumetric threshold of 45% optimally identified short-term survivors. For patients with volumetric ETS ≥ 45% (vs < 45%), median OS was longer (32.5 vs 19.0 months, p < .001) and the risk of death reduced for the first and second year (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.25, p < .001, and HR = 0.39, p < .001). Patients with ETS ≥ 45% had a reduced risk of progressive disease only for the first 6 months (HR = 0.26, p < .001). These survival times and risks were comparable to those of diametric ETS ≥ 20% (vs < 20%).

Conclusions
The accuracy of ETS in predicting survival was not increased by volumetric instead of diametric measurements. Continuous diametric and volumetric ETS similarly predicted survival, regardless of whether patients received cetuximab or bevacizumab. A volumetric ETS threshold of 45% and a diametric ETS threshold of 20% equally identified short-term survivors.

Key Points
• ETS based on volumetric measurements did not predict survival more accurately than ETS based on standard diametric measurements.
• Continuous diametric and volumetric ETS predicted survival similarly in patients receiving FOLFIRI with cetuximab or bevacizumab.
• A volumetric ETS threshold of 45% and a diametric ETS threshold of 20% equally identified short-term survivors.