bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Curvature‐weighted nudged elastic band method using the Riemann curvature
Authors: Mitsuta Yuki , Asada Toshio 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe nudged elastic band (NEB) method is utilized to find reaction paths (RPs) using discretized intermediate structures called “images” between a reactant and a product. In fact, NEB calculations do not always converge because of the bent of RPs. Mathematically, more images are needed for complex curves, and here, we focused on the curvature. In this study, we propose a new method for calculating the curvature of the RPs as well as a method for weighting the spring constant of the NEB with the curvature, which we named the curvature weighted NEB (CW‐NEB) method. In addition, we will propose the CW‐NEB method with the climbing image (CI) method (CW‐CI‐NEB). To show the efficiency of our method, calculations for the ene‐reaction of the CW‐CI‐NEB method were performed and compared with those of the CI‐NEB methods. The CW‐CI‐NEB methods converged in shorter iteration times than the CI‐NEB calculation, which was found by gathering the bent of RPs.
Electronic and photophysical properties of selected organic boron‐containing molecules: Insight into effects of heteroatom substitution and aggregation
Authors: Zhang Lin , Cao Zexing 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe density functional theory (DFT) and time‐dependent DFT methods were used to investigate the electronic and optoelectronic properties of several main group atom‐doped polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, such as oxygen‐substituted PHO1 and PHO2, and sulfur‐substituted PHS1 and PHS2. The ground‐state structures of these molecules generally have an open‐shell singlet configuration with a certain diradical character. In comparison with PHO1 and PHO2, PHS1 and PHS2 own larger diradical character indices due to their increased anti‐aromaticity. Although the substitution of sulfur for the peripheral oxygen has a significant effect on the molecular geometry, the adiabatic excitation energy levels of the corresponding low‐lying excited states of these molecules are less changed. Calculations reveal that here the intersystem crossing (ISC) and reverse intersystem crossing processes in CH2Cl2 mainly occur between the S1 and T2 states, and the cis molecules PHO2 and PHS2 have better charge transportation performance. Furthermore, the electronic and photophysical properties of these B‐containing molecules are predicted to be tuned by the peripheral atom substitution and the structural and aggregation changes.
Improved donor chimerism in relapse myelofibrosis post allogenic stem cell transplant with azacitidine and oral decitabine—First case report
Authors: Cheung Verna , Michelis Fotios V. , Sibai Hassan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTo date, allogenic stem cell transplant (ASCT) remains the only potential curative option for patients with primary myelofibrosis (PMF). However, relapse rates and associated mortality remain a concern. A second ASCT may not be feasible due to advancing age, declined functional status, donor unavailability, toxicities associated with a second ASCT. Herein, we report the first case of utilizing initially azacitidine and subsequently oral decitabine + cedazuridine (decitabine), in the context of relapsed PMF post‐ASCT. Utilizing both hypomethylating agents provided disease control and improved donor/myeloid lineage chimerism levels, and the patient also remained transfusion independent, with preserved functional status and quality of life.
Chickenpox and multiple sclerosis: A Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Zhu Gaizhi , Zhou Shan , Xu Yaqi , Gao Ran , Zhang Min , Zeng Qi , Su Wenting , Wang Renxi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObservational studies have suggested a suspected association between varicella‐zoster virus (VZV) infection and multiple sclerosis (MS), but the connection has remained unclear. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the causal relationship between chickenpox which is caused by VZV infection and MS. We performed a two‑sample Mendelian randomization analysis to investigate the association of chickenpox with MS using summary statistics from genome‑wide association studies (GWAS). The GWAS summary statistics data for chickenpox was from the 23andMe cohort including 107 769 cases and 15 982 controls. A large summary of statistical data from the International Multiple Sclerosis Genetics Consortium (IMSGC) was used as the outcome GWAS data set, including 14 802 MS cases and 26 703 controls. We found evidence of a significant association between genetically predicted chickenpox and risk of MS (odds ratio [OR] = 35.27, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 22.97–54.17, p = 1.46E−59). Our findings provided evidence indicating a causal effect of chickenpox on MS. Further elucidations of this association and underlying mechanisms are needed for identifying feasible interventions to promote MS prevention.
A direct solution method for generalized stochastic eigenvalue problems of structures with random parameters
Authors: Qiu Zhiping , Jiang Nan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this paper, a direct solution method is proposed for solving generalized stochastic eigenvalue problems of structures with random uncertainties in structural parameters. Taking random parameters into consideration, predicting the statistical characteristics of the eigenvalues of structures within a probabilistic framework precisely is significant for structural analysis and design. However, the most typical method, the Monte‐Carlo Simulation is highly time consuming. And most of the existing methods with high computational efficiency compared to the Monte‐Carlo Simulation are approximate methods and may not be applicable for high‐precision requirements. Within the proposed method, the solution equations are deduced in terms of the properties of matrix operations step by step based on the Kronecker product and straightening operation, and thus the mean values and variances of the eigenvalues can be obtained directly with high precision. Three numerical examples are employed to illustrate the feasibility and applicability of the proposed method in specific engineering structures. The results indicate that the proposed method yields consistent mean values and variances of the eigenvalues with those obtained by the Monte‐Carlo Simulation respectively with significantly less computation time showing its superiority in accuracy and efficiency.
Psychiatric symptoms and couple satisfaction in parents of newborns before and during the COVID‐19 pandemic—A comparison of two prospective studies
Authors: Isokääntä Siiri , Koivula Krista , Kokki Hannu , Palokangas Sinivaula , Tavast Kati , Toivonen Iines , Kokki Merja 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAimsTo assess anxiety, depression, perceived stress, couple satisfaction and life satisfaction of parents of healthy newborns in two cohorts in 2015 and in 2020 during the COVID‐19 pandemic.DesignA prospective follow‐up study.MethodsWe enrolled 60 parents of healthy newborns (n = 30 dyads) in 2015 and 60 parents (n = 30 dyads) in 2020. Both parents completed six valid and reliable questionnaires independently 1–2 days and 12 months after delivery: Beck Anxiety Inventory, Beck Depression Inventory‐II, Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, Perceived Stress Scale, Couple Satisfaction Index and Life Satisfaction Scale‐4.ResultsAnxiety was more common but couple satisfaction better in both parents during the COVID‐19 pandemic than in 2015. Depressive symptoms and perceived stress were similarly low, and life satisfaction was similarly high in both cohorts, indicating ample parental resilience. There was a moderate positive association between previous mental health disorders and parental anxiety after delivery during the COVID‐19 pandemic.
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation with the modified myeloablative conditioning regimen for children with chronic active Epstein–Barr virus infection
Authors: Luo Yanhui , Wei Ang , Wang Bin , Zhu Guanghua , Zhang Rui , Jia Chenguang , Yan Yan , Zhou Xuan , Yang Jun , Qin Maoquan , Wang Tianyou 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACTImportanceAllogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo‐HSCT) is considered the only effective treatment for chronic active Epstein–Barr virus infection (CAEBV). The clinical efficacy and safety of allo‐HSCT with different conditioning regimens in children with CAEBV remain unclear.ObjectiveTo evaluate the effectiveness and safety of allo‐HSCT with the modified myeloablative conditioning (MAC) regimen for children with CAEBV and also the factors affecting the outcomes.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed children with CAEBV who underwent allo‐HSCT with the modified MAC regimen at Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University from October 2016 to June 2021. Data related to the clinical manifestations, engraftment, and outcome were extracted from the medical records.ResultsThe cohort comprised 41 patients (24 males, 17 females) with a median transplantation age of 92.6 (60.4, 120.7) months and a median follow‐up time of 28.2 (15.3, 40.2) months. Four patients (9.8%) died, among which three died from primary disease relapse, and one died from grade IV acute graft‐versus‐host diseases (aGVHD) after stopping treatment. The 3‐year overall survival (OS) and 3‐year event‐free survival (EFS) rates were 88.8% ± 5.4% and 85.0% ± 5.7%, respectively. The 3‐year OS and EFS did not significantly differ between the patients with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) and the patient without HLH (87.7% ± 6.8% vs. 91.7% ± 8.0%, P = 0.790; 85.0% ± 6.9% vs. 84.6% ± 10.0%, P = 0.921), or among the patients with complete remission, partial remission, and activity disease before HSCT (all P > 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that grade III–IV aGVHD was a risk factor for mortality (Hazards ratio: 11.65, 95% confidence interval: 1.00, 136.06; P = 0.050).InterpretationAllo‐HSCT with the modified MAC regimen is safe and effective for pediatric CAEBV. This treatment benefits patients with HLH or active disease. Patients with Grade III–IV aGVHD may be associated with worse outcomes.
Registration of 17 upland cotton germplasm lines with improved resistance to Fusarium wilt race 4 and good fiber quality
Authors: Ulloa Mauricio , Hutmacher Robert , Zhang Jinfa , Schramm TariLee , Roberts Philip A. , Ellis Margaret L. , Dever Jane , Wheeler Terry A. , Witt Travis , Sanogo Soum , Hague Steve , Keely Mark P. , Arce Joel , Angeles Jorge , Hake Kater , Payton Paxton 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWith Fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum W.C. Snyder & H.N. Hansen) race 4 (FOV4) formally identified in proximity to the High Plains of west Texas—the largest upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) producing region in the United States—the need to develop cultivars resistant to FOV4 has become urgent. Currently, there are no commercial upland cultivars available claiming FOV4 resistance. Fusarium wilt race 4, a soil‐borne fungus, has affected the cotton crop in the San Joaquin Valley of California for two decades. The primary purpose for the release of the upland PSSJ‐FRU01–PSSJ‐FRU17 (Reg. no. GP‐110–GP‐1126, PI 699966–PI 699982) germplasm lines is to provide cotton breeders with urgently needed sources for FOV4 resistance in upland cotton. The lines were derived from six different cross‐combinations using 10 parental lines with different genetic backgrounds (e.g., ‘DES 920’ [PI 536522], ‘NM12Y1004’ [NuMex COT 15 GLS, PI 678371], ‘MARS ROSE CLUSTER’ [PI 528483], ‘AUBURN M’ [PI 529214], and ‘SA‐3208’ [LIAO MIAN 7 HAO]). Several cycles of selection were applied to these developed lines based on an asymptomatic single plant selection after greenhouse FOV4 inoculations or infested field evaluations from F1 to F4. In 2019–2021 evaluations, germplasm lines showed enhanced resistance to FOV4 with significantly lower percentage mortality and vascular root staining as compared to resistant controls (‘Pima‐S6’ and ‘PHY 881 RF’) and improved fiber strength and some long fibers. These released lines will help to reduce the vulnerability of upland cotton to this fungal pathogen and advance efforts to broaden the resistance genetic base which is critical for the upland cotton industry.
Rural low‐carbon energy development in the information age: Can internet access drive the farmer to participate in personal carbon trading schemes related to bioenergy?
Authors: Li Fanlue , He Ke , Zhu Run , Zhang Junbiao , Gao Ming 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe internet has become a valuable tool for people to receive and transmit information, thus having a profound impact on their living habits and values. Based on face‐to‐face interview survey data collected in Central China, taking the biogas CCER scheme as an example, we discuss the effects of internet access on farmers' willingness to participate in the PCT scheme and desired carbon price. Our findings revealed that internet access improved the willingness of farmers to participate in the PCT scheme. We also found that it was likely to further increase the desired carbon price for those willing to participate. Further analysis demonstrated that male, young and middle‐aged, and low‐educated farmers were more likely to show greater motivation for participation in the PCT scheme due to internet access influence compared to other farmers. Additionally, we identified that the longer duration of internet access, the more likely farmers are to show a higher willingness to participate in the PCT scheme and hence the desired carbon price. In summary, the findings from this study imply that rural internet building exhibits a significant role in promoting the spread of PCT scheme and also helps to alleviate rural poverty.
4D Direct Laser Writing of Submerged Structural Colors at the Microscale
Authors: Liu Bingrui , Dong Bin , Xin Chen , Chen Chao , Zhang Leran , Wang Dawei , Hu Yanlei , Li Jiawen , Zhang Li , Wu Dong , Chu Jiaru 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBiomimetic stimuli‐responsive structure colors (SCs) can improve the visualization and identification in the micro functional structure field such as information encryption/decryption and smart actuators. However, it is still challenging to develop the ability to 4D print arbitrary submerged colorful patterns with stimuli‐responsive materials at the microscale. Herein, a hydrogel photoresist with feature resolution (98 nm) for the fabrication of 4D microscopic SCs by the femtosecond direct laser writing method is developed. The 4D printed woodpile SCs are grouped as pixel palettes with various laser parameters and they spanned almost the entire color space. The coloring mechanism of diffraction gratings is not only investigated by optics microscopy and spectroscopy but also supported by simulation. Moreover, the 4D printed hydrogel‐integrated amphichromatic fish constructions and pixelated painting can visually discolor reversibly by regulating the solution pH. This finding promises an ideal coloring method for sensors, anti‐counterfeiting labels, and transformable photonic devices.
Assessment of knowledge, attitudes and practices relating to brucellosis among cattle farmers, meat handlers and medical professionals in Namibia
Authors: Madzingira Oscar , Byaruhanga Charles , Fasina Folorunso Oludayo , van Heerden Henriette 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundBrucellosis is a re‐emerging zoonosis of significant socio‐economic, animal and public health importance. It is principally a foodborne or occupation‐associated infection of humans, whose effective control depends on maximum cooperation of high‐risk populations.ObjectivesThe study assessed knowledge, attitudes and practices relating to brucellosis among cattle farmers (communal and commercial), meat handlers (abattoir and butchery workers) and medical professionals (nurses and doctors) in Namibia.MethodsBetween June 2019 and September 2020, self‐administered questionnaires and questionnaire interviews were carried out in cattle farmers (n = 264), meat handlers (n = 143) and medical professionals (n = 124) in Namibia.ResultsOverall, 43.50% (231/531) of respondents were aware of brucellosis, with the highest awareness among medical professionals (73.39%, 91/124) and the least in meat handlers (13.99%, 20/143). Awareness of brucellosis was associated with tertiary education (p < 0.001) and the medical profession (p < 0.001). However, most medical professionals (98.39%, 122/124) did not consider brucellosis as a differential diagnosis in cases of persistent febrile illness. A proportion of communal (85.60%) and commercial (71.00%) farmers; abattoir workers (44.40%); butchers (53.50%); nurses (55.60%); and medical doctors (28.00%) consumed raw milk.ConclusionsThe study identified the purchase of animals of unknown health status; assisting cow delivery; handling of aborted fetuses with no protective wear; consumption of raw milk, homemade cheese, cattle testes and undercooked livers, as risk factors for Brucella infection in cattle and humans. Thus, intensified risk communication, including public health education, is recommended, in particular, among meat handlers and communal farmers, to promote awareness and discourage risky practices.
Two phase local/nonlocal thermo elastic waves in a graphene oxide composite nanobeam subjected to electrical potential
Authors: Selvamani Rajendran , Tornabene Francesco , Baleanu Dumitru 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe present article studies the two phase local/nonlocal deformation of thermo electrical composite nanobeam reinforced with graphene oxide powder (GOP). The controlling equation of motion and boundary conditions are derived via two phase elasticity in differential form in conjunction with Hamilton's principle and Euler‐Bernoulli beam theory. The effect of a thermal and piezo electric field is incorporated with the governing equations by convoluting field quantities and displacement components. Then, Navier method is adopted to observe the influence of simply supported boundary conditions on the dynamics of the beam. Comparison studies are performed to display the accuracy and efficiency of this analytical model. Further, the effects of GOP weight fraction, two phase parameter, external electric voltage and temperature difference on the dimensionless frequency of GOP reinforced piezo thermo elastic composite beams are thoroughly investigated and highlighted through tables and dispersion curves. The results obtained from the present work gained the important role of GOP and thermo‐ piezoelectricity in predicting the vibration behaviors of two phase local/ nonlocal nanostructures.
Limited Commercial Licensing Strategies: A Piecewise Deterministic Differential Game
Authors: De Giovanni Domenico , Canci Jung Kyu 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe sketch a dynamic model of limited commercial licensing, also known as “compulsory licensing”, making use of the framework of piecewise-deterministic differential games. The framework features key ingredients, such as (i) The risk that a compulsory licensing will be issued; (ii) The lack of information available to player in terms of when and even whether the compulsory license will be issued. The setup can be used to tackle the important question about the beneficial and detrimental aspects of compulsory licensing.
Life Events that Cascade: An Excursion into DALY Computations
Authors: Lee Young , Vo Thanh Vinh , Ni Derek , Mu Gang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA problem frequently encountered in point process modeling is that event times are usually not known. The only available information is the number of events over a given interval. Calculus and regularization present a convenient framework to perform inference in these circumstances through explicit formulas for this class of mixed doubly point processes. As an application, we present a novel way of dealing with uncertainties in the computation of disability-adjusted life year, which is a measure of overall disease burden in populations.
Operating Room Setup and Patient Positioning in MIS
Authors: Lee-Ong Alembert , Buenafe Alfred Allen 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCrucial in any surgery, the performance and the outcome depend not only on the surgeon’s skills and patient preparation but also on the setup of the operating room (OR) and positioning of the patients. In endo-laparoscopic surgery, we work with technology like cameras, monitors, insufflators, energy devices, and more. They are connected and interconnected by several cables and tubings. It is vital for patient’s and OR Staff’s safety that they be easily accessible in a fast and timely manner in case of any emergency or unexpected event. Avoid entangling of cables, or interaction between tubing and cables will make your surgery safer, elegant, and less stressful.
Physiologic Considerations in Laparoscopic Surgery
Authors: Lee-Ong Alembert 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMIS technique compared to the open technique is associated with substantial benefits for the patients, attributable to less surgical trauma; however, this does not imply the absence of physiologic changes when not anticipated may be deleterious. These physiologic alterations are triggered by a combination of the following: the insufflation gas used, the increase in intra-abdominal pressure (IAP), the extreme patient positioning during surgery, and the effect of the surgery itself [1].
Laparoscopic Hartmann’s Procedure
Authors: Shao Yen-Chen , Shen Ming-Yin , Chen William Tzu-Liang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHartmann’s procedure, Hartmann’s resection, or Hartmann’s operation is the surgical resection consisting of sigmoidectomy without intestinal restoration. It contains an end-colostomy and closure of a rectal stump. It was first described by Henri Albert Hartmann (1860–1952) for resection of rectal or sigmoid cancer [1]. Nowadays, Hartmann procedure is usually used in treating malignant obstruction of left-sided colon or in emergent conditions, such as sigmoid colon perforation [2], mostly because of diverticulum disease. The advantage of Hartmann’s procedure is reduction in morbidity and mortality in emergent settings because it avoids the possibility of complications from a colorectal anastomosis. For patients with unstable hemodynamic status, or multiple comorbidity or inflammatory condition of the intestinal tissue, which would make performing a colorectal anastomosis difficult or have a higher risk of anastomotic leakage, this procedure is simple and fast, and meanwhile preserve the chance of restoration of intestine continuity after patients’ general condition got improvement. However, the Hartmann reversal rate is variable in different studies, ranging from 0 to 50% [3, 4]. The morbidity rate of Hartmann reversal is up to 55%, and the mortality rate is ranging from 0 to 14% [5–7]. A study showed reversal of Hartmann between 3 and 9 months associated with increased risk of postoperative complications [8]. The mean interval from Hartmann procedure to its reversal is ranging from 7.5 to 9.1 months [3, 5]. We usually delay the reversal of Hartmann’s operation at least 6 months later in our daily practice. Hartmann’s procedure and/or reversal of Hartmann’s procedure could be conventional or laparoscopic. Laparoscopic reversal of Hartmann’s procedure is associated with less complications compared to the conventional method, especially in wound infection, anastomotic leakage, and cardiopulmonary complications [3].