bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Life-course social disparities in body mass index trajectories across adulthood: cohort study evidence from China Health and Nutrition Survey
Authors: Dang Yusong , Rong Peixi , Duan Xinyu , Yan Mingxin , Zhao Yaling , Mi Baibing , Zhou Jing , Chen Yulong , Wang Duolao , Pei Leilei 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe social disparities in obesity may originate in early life and adult social class. There are various developmental trajectories of overweight/obesity in adulthood. It is unclear how the intergenerational mobility of socioeconomic status influences adult overweight/obesity in China.MethodsWe used longitudinal data from ten waves of the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) between 1989 and 2015 for our analysis. The group-based trajectory modeling was used to identify BMI trajectories in adulthood. Multinomial logistic regression was adopted to assess the associations between SES and adult BMI trajectories.ResultsAmong a total of 3,138 participants, three latent clusters, including normal-stable BMI (51.4%), progressive overweight group (39.8%), and progressive obesity group (8.8%), were identified. High father’s occupational position, high participants’ occupation position and educational attainment, respectively, were associated with greater obesity risk. Compared to a stable low life course SES trajectory, a stable high life course SES trajectory was associated with a 2.35-fold risk of obesity, and upward and downward social mobility trajectories increased the risk for overweight/obesity. Individuals in the highest relative to the lowest life course cumulative socioeconomic score group had around twice risk of obesity.ConclusionsThe results emphasize the role of the high SES in early life and life-course SES accumulation, in the obesity intervention in China.FundingAll the work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 72174167, 81602928) and Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi (2021JM-031).
Hedgehog Activity Gradient in Combination with Transcription Network Confers Multiple Hypothalamic Identities
Authors: Yamamoto Maho , Chen Agnes Ong Lee , Shinozuka Takuma , Shirai Manabu , Sasai Noriaki 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDuring development, the hypothalamus emerges from the ventral diencephalon of the neural tube and is regionalised into several distinct functional domains. Each domain is characterised by different combinations of transcription factors, the expression of which is regulated by signalling molecules and downstream transcriptional networks. Transcription factors, including Nkx2.1, Nkx2.2, Pax6 and Rx, are expressed in the presumptive hypothalamus and its surrounding regions from an early developmental stage and play critical roles in the development of these areas. However, the regulation of transcription factor expression and the details of the transcriptional network among them have not been fully elucidated.As early hypothalamus development takes place in the ventral region of the forebrain where Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) is expressed, we focused on the relationship between Shh and its downstream transcription factors and investigated the transcriptional regulation along the dorsal-ventral axis. Using a reporter mouse line, in vitro neural differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells and gene overexpression in chick embryos, we found that Pax6, Nkx2.1 and Nkx2.2 are regulated epistatically by different Shh signal intensities. Nkx2.1 and Nkx2.2 mutually repress each other; however, they induce each other in a non-cell-autonomous manner. Moreover, Rx resides upstream of all these transcription factors and determines the location of the hypothalamic region along the dorsal-ventral and anterior-posterior regulations. Finally, we found that the Shh signal demarcates the diencephalic region from the retinal area. Our findings suggest that Shh signalling, and its downstream transcription network, are required for hypothalamic regionalisation and establishment of diencephalic cell fate.
Structural remodeling of Coxiella burnetii during its biphasic developmental cycle revealed by cryo-electron tomography
Authors: Kaplan Mohammed , Shepherd Doulin C. , Vankadari Naveen , Kim Ki Woo , Larson Charles L. , Dutka Przemysław , Beare Paul A. , Krzymowski Edward , Heinzen Robert A. , Jensen Grant J. , Ghosal Debnath 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACTCoxiella burnetii is an obligate zoonotic bacterium that targets macrophages to cause a disease known as Q fever. It has a biphasic developmental lifecycle where the extracellular and metabolically inactive small cell variant (SCV) transforms, under host acidic environment, into the vegetative large cell variant (LCV). However, the details about the morphological and structural changes that accompany this biphasic cycle are still lacking. Here, we used cryo-electron tomography to image the different cell variants of C. burnetii grown either under axenic conditions in different pH or purified directly from host cells revealing the major developmental, morphological and structural transitions. We show that SCVs are characterized by equidistant stacks of inner membrane that presumably allow a smooth transition to LCV, a transition coupled with the expression of the Dot/Icm type IVB secretion system (T4BSS). A class of T4BSS particles were associated with extracellular densities including a tubular structure possibly involved in host interaction or effector delivery. Also, SCVs and cells in the transition state contained spherical multilayered membrane structures of different sizes and locations suggesting that they are not related to a sporulation process as once assumed.
Sixteen years of innovation in youth mental healthcare in Australia: Outcomes for young people attending headspace centre services
Authors: Rickwood Debra , McEachran Juliet , Saw Anna , Telford Nic , Trethowan Jason , McGorry Patrick 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAustralia’s headspace initiative is world-leading in nation-wide youth mental healthcare reform for young people aged 12 to 25 years, now with 16 years of implementation. This paper examines changes in the key outcomes of psychological distress, psychosocial functioning, and quality of life for young people accessing headspace centres across Australia for mental health problems. The design was a single-arm, observational study using routinely collected data from headspace clients commencing an episode of care between 1 April 2019 and 30 March 2020, and at 90-day follow-up. All 108 of the fully established headspace centres across Australia were included, with 58,233 young people aged 12-25 years first accessing headspace centres for mental health problems during the data collection period. Main outcome measures were self-reported psychological distress and quality of life, and clinician-reported social and occupational functioning. Most headspace mental health clients presented with depression and anxiety issues (75.21%). There were 35.27% with a diagnosis: 21.74% diagnosed with anxiety, 18.51% with depression, and 8.60% were sub-syndromal. Cognitive behavioural therapy was the most common treatment. There were significant improvements in all outcome scores over time (P<0.001). From presentation to last service rating, over one-third of young people had significant improvements in psychological distress and a similar proportion in psychosocial functioning; just under half improved in self-reported quality of life. Significant improvement on any of the three outcomes was shown for 70.96% of headspace mental health clients. After 16 years of headspace implementation, positive outcomes are being achieved, particularly when multi-dimensional outcomes are considered. A suite of outcomes that capture meaningful change for young people’s quality of life, distress and functioning, is critical for early intervention, primary care settings with diverse client presentations, like the headspace youth mental healthcare initiative.
Prevalence of carbapenem-resistant and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in a teaching hospital in Ghana
Authors: Sampah James , Owusu-Frimpong Isaac , Aboagye Frank T. , Owusu-Ofori Alex 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundCarbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) and Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) production among Gram-negative Enterobacteriaceae is an increasing global challenge because of the high morbidity and mortality associated with their infections, especially in developing countries where there may not be many antibiotic treatment options. Despite these challenges, there are few studies in Ghana that have described the burden of CRE. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae isolated from patients at the Cape Coast Teaching Hospital (CCTH) in the Central region of Ghana.Methodology/Principal findingsEnterobacteriaceae isolates were collected from April to July 2019 at the bacteriology unit of CCTH using a consecutive sampling method. Isolates were identified by standard microbiological techniques and confirmed using API 20E. Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method was used to determine the antibiogram of isolates. Isolates were also subjected to ESBL testing using the single-disc combination method. Carbapenem resistant isolates were identified by the Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method and then subjected to genetic confirmation using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Of the 230 isolates comprising E. coli (40.9%), Citrobacter spp. (32.6%), K. pneumoniae (9.1%), P. mirabilis (6.1%), P. vulgaris (5.2%), Enterobacter spp (3.5%)., K. oxytoca (2.2%), and Serratia marcenses (0.4%). Majority of the isolates were from urine 162(70.4%) and wound samples. The isolates showed high resistance to ampicillin 171 (74.3%) and cefuroxime 134(58.3%). The prevalence of MDR was 35.2% (81) with E. coli 40(42.6%) being the majority that exhibited MDR. Out of the 230 isolates, 113(49.1%) were ESBL producers with E. coli 54(57.5%) accounting for the majority while Serratia marcenses was the least. Out of the 13 (5.7%) CRE isolates which showed resistance towards carbapenem in the disc diffusion method, 11 expressed the blaNDM-1 gene whilst all isolates which showed resistant CRE expressed the blaOXA-48 gene.ConclusionThe prevalence of carbapenem resistance and ESBL- producing Enterobacteriaceae pathogens among patients at the CCTH, Cape coast of Ghana is high, and effective infection prevention and control measures should be implemented at the hospital to prevent the rapid spread of these dangerous organisms.
Combined loss of obscurin and obscurin-like 1 in murine hearts results in diastolic dysfunction, altered metabolism and deregulated mitophagy
Authors: Fujita Kyohei , Desmond Patrick , Blondelle Jordan , Soták Matúš , Rajan Meenu Rohini , Clark Madison , Esteve Eric , Chan Yunghang , Gu Yusu , Marrocco Valeria , Dalton Nancy D. , Ghassemian Majid , Do Aryanne , Klos Matthew , Peterson Kirk L. , Sheikh Farah , Cho Yoshitake , Börgeson Emma , Lange Stephan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMuscle proteins of the obscurin protein family play important roles in sarcomere organization, sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) and T-tubule architecture and function. However, their precise molecular functions and redundancies between protein family members as well as their involvement in cardiac diseases remain to be fully understood.To investigate the functional roles of obscurin and its close homologue obscurin-like 1 (Obsl1) in the heart, we generated and analyzed knockout mice for obscurin, Obsl1, as well as obscurin/Obsl1 double-knockouts (dKO). We show that dKO mice are viable but show postnatal deficits in cardiac muscle SR and mitochondrial architecture and function at the microscopic, biochemical and cellular level. Altered SR structure resulted in perturbed calcium cycling, while mitochondrial ultrastructure deficits were linked to decreased levels of Chchd3, a Micos complex protein. Hearts of dKO mice also show increased expression of Atg4d, a novel Obsl1 interacting protein, resulting in abnormal mitophagy and increased unfolded protein response. At the physiological level, loss of obscurin and Obsl1 resulted in a profound delay of cardiac relaxation, associated with metabolic signs of heart failure.Taken together, our data suggest that obscurin and Obsl1 play crucial roles in cardiac SR structure, calcium cycling, mitochondrial function, turnover and metabolism.
Exploring how social ties affect lurking behaviour in Microblog: from a role stress and social identity perspective
Authors: Zhang Yiwen , Sun Yongqiang , Lei Wuping , Wang Nan 
Published: August 2022

PurposeThe primary objective of this research is to explore the underlying mechanisms of social ties influencing lurking behaviour in Microblog by combing role theory and social identity theory.Design/methodology/approachAn online survey of 312 Microblog users in China was conducted to test the proposed research model and hypotheses. The partial least squares (PLS) approach was used to analyse the data.FindingsThe results show that social ties affect lurking behaviour on Microblog in two ways, directly and indirectly through role stress. Social ties have a negative direct impact on lurking behaviour. Based on the multiple mediation analysis, social ties positively affect lurking through role overload and negatively affect lurking via role ambiguity. Perceived heterogeneity strengthens the positive effects of social ties on role overload and conflict, and weakens the negative impact of social ties on role ambiguity. Social identification weakens the positive relationship between social ties and role overload and strengthens the negative relationship between social ties and role ambiguity.Originality/valueThis study extends the literature on the social interaction reasons behind lurking behaviour in Microblog by revealing the effects of social ties in Microblog. The theoretical mechanisms of social ties on lurking behaviour in Microblog are unveiled by discovering the direct effect of social ties, the mediating effects of multidimensional role stress, and the moderating effects of different kinds of social identity.
Person-environment fit, organizational commitment and retirement intentions: a serial mediation model
Authors: Lahlouh Khaled , Oumessaoud Aïcha , Abdelmotaleb Moustafa 
Published: August 2022

PurposeThe aim of this study is to investigate the effect of person–environment (P–E) fit, specifically person–organization (P–O) fit, on retirement intentions through a serial mediation mechanism mobilizing person–job (P–J) fit and affective organizational commitment as mediators.Design/methodology/approachThe relationships were examined using the Hayes (2013) serial mediation model. A time-lag approach was adopted, with data collected from managers aged 50 and over working in the French banking sector (N = 204).FindingsThe empirical results show that the P–O fit is both directly and indirectly related to retirement intentions through P–J fit and affective organizational commitment. Nevertheless, the study’s findings show the explanatory power of the authors’ antecedents to predict the two types of retirement considered in this study.Originality/valueBy considering retirement in its plurality this study extends prior research models by examining the mechanisms through which P–O fit influences different retirement intentions.
ESG controversies and the cost of equity capital of European listed companies: the moderating effects of ESG performance and market securities regulation
Authors: La Rosa Fabio , Bernini Francesca 
Published: August 2022

PurposeThis paper aims to investigate the effect of environmental, social and governance (ESG) controversies on the cost of equity (COE) capital, exploring the moderating role of both positive ESG performance and market securities regulation.Design/methodology/approachThis paper adopts a sample of 2,599 time observations related to European listed companies for which the authors examine a set of 30 negative ESG scores across the three pillars in terms of controversies, compliance and other negative issues. This study uses the average of seven implied COE estimates.FindingsThe results show that negative ESG performance, particularly environmental controversies, increases the COE, although this impact is mitigated when associated with company efforts to improve environmental performance. Besides, environmental controversies are likely to increase the COE in countries where the market regulation is stronger, as a consequence of higher investors’ expectations towards the scrutiny role of more efficient markets against companies’ controversies.Practical implicationsCompanies should take care seriously of environmental issues such as biodiversity, product impact and resource impact, because investors do react accordingly. As despite no direct effects of positive ESG performance are observed in terms of COE reduction, the mitigating role on the ESG controversies–COE relationship makes ESG practices still significant for European investors.Social implicationsThe effects of ESG performance on company financial performance should be investigated under the assumption that bad events weight more than positive ESG performance.Originality/valueBecause no prior studies have specifically assessed the effect of the European listed companies’ ESG controversies on their COE, this paper delivers insights into the relationship between positive and negative ESG performance and their effects on capital market financing.
Learning by supplying to climb the value chain: suppliers’ transition from B-to-B to B-to-C
Authors: Irfan Irfan , Au Alan Kai Ming , Khurshid Faisal , Chan Felix T.S. 
Published: August 2022

Purpose
Drawing on organizational learning and dynamic capabilities literature, this study aims to explore how suppliers from traditional emerging economies (STEE) can acquire, assimilate and use new knowledge essential for the development of production and marketing capabilities. These capabilities then facilitate suppliers in climbing the value chain from B-to-B to B-to-C.

Design/methodology/approach
The study adopted a longitudinal and multiple case study design to examine the practices of suppliers operating in a traditional emerging economy setting. This study selected Pakistan textile industry as an empirical setting, which is a predominantly supplier market for global buyers. Data sources entail semi-structured interviews with top executives and senior-level managers in four case firms and secondary data obtained from diverse sources.

Findings
The study identified transitionary phases of capabilities development that are facilitated by boundary-spanning knowledge acquisition and transformation in a dynamic manner. These capabilities are essential for a supplier’s entry into downstream international markets (i.e. launching its own products/brands in the end consumers’ market).

Practical implications
The findings could help managers in STEEs to understand the strategic importance of supply chain ties in their learning and capabilities development. It also provides strategic insights on what, how and why involved parties do engage over an extended period of time. Moreover, the findings of this study could help other firms to know and adopt the right type of technology(s) and systems that can help them reduce the technological gap in producing and marketing market-winning products.

Originality/value
This study advances the recent academic discussion that focusses on learning by supplying and the value-chain movement of suppliers (i.e. B-to-C) from their B-to-B engagements. The findings identified the vital and beneficial role of long-term relationships with global value chain partners in learning and capabilities development that led to value creation in the traditional emerging economy.
Mapping the ecological resilience of Atlantic postglacial heathlands
Authors: Løvschal Mette , Damgaard Christian F. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Anthropogenic heathlands are semi‐natural ecosystems with a unique cultural and biodiversity value, considered worthy of preservation across most of the world. Their rate of loss, however, is alarming. Currently, we know little about the heathlands' actual span of resilience affordances and their association with abiotic and anthropogenic factors, including how much additional intervention they need to persist. Consequently, we are missing out on vital knowledge for conservation, management and the historical persistence of heathlands.

This paper develops a method to assess the ecological resilience affordances of Atlantic postglacial heaths in the absence of human management. We use 12 existing cases of heathland succession to establish a four‐step resilience grade for each site, which we regress onto a series of explaining factors and use it in predicting heath resilience across postglacial Atlantic Northern Europe.

We find that temperature, humidity, elevation and sandiness have a positive correlation with high heathland resilience. Our predictive mapping shows an uneven distribution of ecological heath resilience across Atlantic Northern Europe within an area of 1,000 × 1,200 km of 5 × 5 km resolution.

Historic heathland distributions far exceed areas that afford high heath resilience, suggesting that heath distribution and persistence depend on both abiotic and anthropogenic factors.

Policy implications: The map predicting the ecological resilience of Atlantic postglacial heaths can be used by managers working towards heath preservation and restoration to prioritize conservation efforts and to plan management practices across Atlantic Northern Europe. Together with the predictive model, it provides an important initial screening tool to assess heathland resilience in the absence of management as well as the impact of atmospheric nitrogen. The results are equally relevant for scholars who are interested in humans' role in increasing and decreasing ecosystem resilience. Our predictive method can be applied in other regions across the world by adding regionally specific variables.
Gender and climate change adaptation: A case of Ethiopian farmers
Authors: Aryal Jeetendra Prakash , Sapkota Tek Bahadur , Rahut Dil Bahadur , Gartaula Hom Nath , Stirling Clare 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe adverse impacts of climate change, in many cases, aggravate existing gender inequalities and hinder developing countries from achieving the targets set by the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). It is, therefore, crucial to understand whether there exists a gender gap in climate change adaptation and investigate the factors explaining the gap to reduce the vulnerability of the farming households to surging climatic risks. Using data from 2279 farm households in Ethiopia and applying a multivariate probit model and exogenous switching treatment effect regression method, this study examines the existing gender gap in climate change adaptations among farmers in Ethiopia and factors contributing to this relationship. The results show a significant gender gap in climate change adaptation in farming households due to the differences in both observable and unobservable characteristics of male‐ and female‐headed households. It indicates that reducing the gap can enhance climate change adaptation by female‐headed households by almost 19%. Women's workload in household chores significantly reduces their likelihood to adopt climate change adaptation measures. Therefore, unless policies proposed target institutional factors, including social and cultural barriers, traditional gender norms and division of labor, and other intrinsic behavioral issues, addressing only observed characteristics may not fully address the gender gap. To bring about transformational changes in the existing gender norms and social attitudes, long‐term gender‐informed policies are essential, along with short‐term projects, to address the gender gap in climate change adaptation through the provision of equitable opportunities for all.