bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimal utilization of groundwater resources and artificial recharge system of Shahriar Plain aquifer, Iran
Authors: Salehi-Shafa Nima , Babazadeh Hossein , Aghayari Fayyaz , Saremi Ali 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Developments in agriculture, industry, population growth and climate change lead to increased exploitation of groundwater resources and cause qualitative and quantitative problems in aquifers. Accordingly, the objective of this study was to investigate the impact of optimal groundwater utilization and artificial recharge systems on the Shahriar Plain aquifer. In our study, a multi-objective modeling platform was developed that included two independent simulator-optimizer models. In the first model, the artificial neural network (ANN) was used to simulate the changes of groundwater level (GWL) and its quality as a function of the TDS index in the Shahriar Plain aquifer. The regression was then used to predict groundwater quality. Finally, the multi-objective genetic algorithm (NSGA-II) was used to optimize groundwater resources harvesting. The second model simulated the flood storage volume in the reservoirs of the artificial recharge system (ARS) using ANN and then optimized utilization of the artificial recharge system using (NSGA-II). The results of the first model showed that the optimal volume of water withdrawn from the aquifer and the optimal TDS value of the aquifer decreased by 29 and 18%, respectively, while the changes of the optimal groundwater level increased by 28 m. Furthermore, based on the second model results, the total volume of optimal recharge will increase by 119% in the studied period due to the artificial recharge system, followed by a 14% increase in the changes of the optimal groundwater level. Overall, it can be concluded that the multi-objective modeling platform method can support multiple factors simultaneously.
Factors influencing adherence to antiretroviral therapy from the experience of people living with HIV and their healthcare providers in Sierra Leone: A qualitative study
Authors: Lahai Michael , Theobald Sally , Wurie Haja R. , Lakoh Sulaiman , Samai Mohamed , Erah Patrick O. , Raven Joanna 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Antiretroviral therapy is the main drug for the treatment of Human Immunodeficiency Virus, slow disease progression, and reduce the spread of infection. HIV treatment is also known to require high level of adherence of over 90% to achieve good treatment outcomes and viral load suppression. In Sierra Leone, it is estimated that about 70% of PLHIV are non-adherent in their first year of treatment. Understanding the reasons behind this high-rate of non-adherence is critical for the development of strategies to improve adherence. This study identifies the barriers and facilitators influencing adherence to antiretroviral treatment in Sierra Leone.Methods: A qualitative study design using in depth interviews was conducted in two districts in Sierra Leone – Freetown and Bo. In-depth interviews were conducted with 4 health care workers and 16 people living with HIV.Results: Several facilitators and barriers to Antiretroviral therapy(ART) adherence at the personal, community, and health system levels were identified. The facilitating factors included perceived benefits of ART, family support, having a treatment partner, receiving free ART medicines and belonging to peer support groups. The barriers included denial and non-disclosure of HIV status, frequency of medication, use of traditional medicine, lack of money for food and transport, stigma and discrimination, work barriers, lack of medicines and test kits, limited health workers and long distance to clinics. Conclusions: The key emerging themes arising from different health system level in this study include Support from families, treatment partners and the need for peer support groups. Understanding the facilitators and barriers to antiretroviral therapy identified in this study can improve adherence and provide relevant information for more responsive and equitable program implementation in low and middle-income countries. There is the need for implementing adherence augmentation programs with implementation of activities that will improve community knowledge for prevention and reduction of stigma and the need for integrating HIV treatment services close to communities.
The Presence of Left Ventricular False Tendons is Not Associated with Increased Arrhythmogenic Risk in Highly Active Subjects.
Authors: de Sande Danny AJP van , Gorsel Bart van , Cramer Maarten J , Jørstad Harald T , Rienks Rienk 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Left ventricular false tendons (LVFTs) are common. There is conflicting evidence whether LVFTs have clinically important electrophysiological effects. The aim of this study was to investigate, in a highly active population: 1) the prevalence of LVFTs, 2) the association between LVFTs and abnormalities on the resting 12-lead-electrocardiograms (ECG) and 3) the association of LVFTs with ventricular arrhythmias.
Methods
A retrospective cohort study was performed using data from military personnel in active service who were referred to the Cardiology Department of the Central Military Hospital in Utrecht, The Netherlands, in 2017. Data of resting 12-lead-electrocardiography, transthoracic echocardiography, ambulatory ECG monitoring, exercise testing, the prevalence of traditional cardiovascular risk factors and relevant clinical data were obtained from the electronic patient data charts.
Results
In total, 125 subjects were included in the analysis. The overall prevalence of LVFTs was 40% and the they were predominantly located from the mid-IVS top the apical segment of the LV (type 4). Non-significant T-Wave Abnormalities (NS-TWA) were significantly more prevalent in subjects with LVFTs and were predominantly localized in the lateral leads. There was no increased risk of any arrhythmia. Follow-up data of 3.2 years showed no difference in the occurrence of major adverse cardiac events.
Conclusion
In this highly active group subjects, the presence of an LVFT did not yield an increased arrhythmogenic risk compared to subjects without a LVFT.
Performance Comparison of the Railway Stations: A Case of North-South of the Addis Ababa Light Rail Transit, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Authors: Solihu Habeeb , Sekasi Jackson , Ray Pradip Kumar 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Aside providing services and infrastructure for the mobility of people and goods, sustainable transport is a cross-cutting accelerator, which can fast-track progress towards other crucial goals such as SDGs 1, 4, 5, and 13; as such it is imperative in achieving 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. This, therefore, serves as impetus for this study. This study administered about two hundred and forty (240) questionnaires to the railway transportation passengers and was analyzed to compare the performances of the Railway Stations along the North-South Axis of the Addis Ababa Light Rail Transit (AA-LRT). Six (6) out of seventeen (17) stations along this axis were considered for this study not only because they comprise terminal stations but also they are situated in highly populated areas with high demand potential. The stations were categorized and the comparison was based on the passengers’ perspectives on the selected performance indicators. Also, because the data are dichotomous, hence, Binary Logistic Regression Model was used to model a relationship equation between the dependent variable (Level of Performance) and the performance indicators (predictors). The selected stations were ranked according to their performances while conclusions and recommendations were suggested to further enhance the stations' performances for customers’ satisfaction. Finally, adopting the methodology in this study for investigating the performances of the railway stations elsewhere in the world is recommended.
Study on the Effect of the Copper Tailing Substrate with Different Treatments on the Growth of Tall Fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb)
Authors: Xue Jinchun , Wang Weiwei , HE MIN , You Jiajia , Han Huaqin 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The copper sulphide mining process would produce a large number of copper tailings that can be treated with different substrates so as to act as guest soil in the ecological reclamation of the mine. Tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb) is a fast-growing herbal medicinal plant with a large biomass and significant adaptability that is often used as pioneer plant in early mining soil reclamation. In order to reveal the influence of different copper tailing treatment substrates on plant growth, in this experiment, tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb) was planted under potted conditions for the purpose of exploring the effect of different exogenous substrates such as conditioning agents, sulfurized modified straw, effective microorganisms (EM), and High-density Sludge (HDS) sediment on tall fescue height, biomass, chlorophyll, catalase (CAT) activity and Cu2+ transport under copper tailings substrate. Then, the results showed that the combined application of different exogenous substrates (conditioning agents, EM, sulfurized modified straw and HDS sediment) reduced the pH of the copper tailing substrate to varying degrees, with a decrease of 5%-21%. Besides, compared with the control group and other treatments, the combined treatment of conditioning agents, sulfurized modified straw, and EM has a significant impact on the biomass, plant height, chlorophyll content, CAT activity and other physiological indicators of tall fescue and can effectively reduce Cu2+ that is toxic to tall fescue in copper tail sand.
Solution Casted Cellulose Acetate films. Influence of Surface Substrate and Humidity on Wettability, Morphology and Optical Properties
Authors: Kramar Ana , Ortega Irene Rodríguez , González-Gaitano Gustavo , González-Benito Javier 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Variations on the processing conditions of conventional methods for polymeric film preparation may allow tuning certain properties of film. Different casting surfaces and humidity during casting are presented in this work, as variables to be considered for cellulose acetate film preparation (CA). Casting surfaces, borosilicate glass, soda-lime glass and Teflon (PTFE) dish are used and their influence on various properties of CA films is assessed. Soda-lime glass was coated with chlorotrimethylsilane because CA is strongly adhered to the neat surface during drying, making the film detachment impossible. The surfaces of glass dishes are smooth, while PTFE surface has a distinctive pattern, which is adopted by casted films upon drying. The resulting patterned morphology of the films is studied using optical profilometry. Patterned films are translucent while smooth surface films are transparent. Apart from the effect of different surface types, humidity influence on CA films is evaluated in terms of conditions during the evaporation of solvent from solution (35 %, 55 % and 75 % humidity). The increase of the humidity produces smoother surfaces and higher film crystallinity compared to films casted in open air; however, wettability of films does not seem to be influenced by this variable, except for a higher hydrophobicity in the patterned films. Due to the specific morphology of the patterned films, change in opacity upon wetting is detected, going from translucent to transparent, while removal of water from the surface restores the translucency. This approach can be used for preparation of patterned films for food packaging application which can serve as humidity sensor.
Development of a Hybrid Nanoscaffold by Selenium Nanoparticles and Lysozyme Amyloid Fibrils with Improved Conductivity and Antibacterial Activity
Authors: Anari Fatemeh , Moghaddam Tahereh Tohidi , Daraei Bahram 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Today, nanoparticles have promised a variety of applications in conjugation with biomolecules. Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) possess promising potency in a wide range of biomedicine applications, and amyloid fibrils with well-known physicochemical stability and ability to mimic the extracellular matrix (ECM) have been highlighted with possible use in the design of high-yield materials. To exploit the dual properties of nano and bio components in biomedical applications, this research has focused on the development of a nanohybrid system through assembling SeNPs on lysozyme amyloid fibrils. Spectroscopic and microscopic techniques including UV-vis, Far-UV Circular Dichroism (CD) spectropolarimetry, Thioflavin T (ThT) assay, and Transmission Electron microscopy were used to characterize the formation of lysozyme amyloid fibrils, selenium nanoparticles, and their assemblies on the biotemplate. Antibacterial activity of the individual components, as well as the nanohybrid system, was determined against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus using the minimum inhibitory concentration method. The nanohybrid system showed enhanced antibacterial activity upon the interaction of SeNPs with amyloid fibrils. Moreover, a study on the electronic behavior of the hybrid nanoscaffold by Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) showed improved conductivity. The results suggest that the combination of nanoparticles with amyloid fibrils paves the way for the development of versatile nanoscaffolds with improved properties in regenerative medicine.
A secondary metabolites produced by Streptomyces ssp. XY-R31 suppresses LPS-induced inflammatory responses through NF-κB, MAPKs, and HO-1 Pathways in RAW264.7 cells
Authors: Xu Ying , Yu Yang-yang , Zheng Si-man , Fang Ran 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Inflammation response is a complex physiological process and suppression of inflammation activated in macrophages induced by LPS is an important target for treatment of various chronic diseases. A crude extract produced by Streptomyces ssp. (R31 crude extract) which was isolated from a mangrove sediment showed a significant inhibitory effect in LPS-stimulated inflammatory response. In this study, R31 crude extract decreased the NO production dose-dependently. The release of IL-6 and IL-10 in macrophages were reduced upon pretreatment of R31 crude extract. In addition, R31 crude extract treatment inhibited the translocation of NF-κB and NFAT into the nucleus and the phosphorylation of MAPKs as well as AKT. On the other hand, R31 crude extract induced HO-1 expression in LPS-stimulated macrophage. Collectively, these findings indicate that R31 crude extract exhibited an anti-inflammatory effect and is a potential therapeutic candidate for the treatment of inflammatory diseases.
Telegenetics in Rural Appalachia: Implementation Experiences and Barriers to Effective Clinical Care for Populations Experiencing Health Disparity
Authors: Falah Nadia , Mallow Jennifer , Kelly Kimberly M. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Telegenetics is the provision of genetics services at a distance via telecommunication and information technologies. While telegenetics promises to increase access to underserved populations with rare diseases, providers must overcome additional challenges to reach remote and marginalized communities with telegenetics care provision. Method: We describe a series of case vignettes related to clinical care and barriers that were observed after using telegenetics in rural Appalachia. This geo-politically defined region is known for health disparities such as lower education levels, higher poverty levels, and greater healthcare shortage areas than the United States as a whole. Results: Although telegenetics improves access to care, the barriers experienced included (1) the digital divide in access to broadband, (2) telegenetics counseling in geriatric patients with limited computer literacy, (3) comorbidities that are common in the region, and (4) patients’ adherence to telegenetics services. Conclusion: These case studies emphasize the need for intervention studies to address implementation of telegenetics in populations who experience health disparities. In addition, future attention should also focus on administrative system evaluation and cost to reduce health disparities in disadvantaged groups.
Association study for drought tolerance of flint maize inbred lines using SSR markers
Authors: SA Kyu Jin , Park Hyun , Fu Zhenyu , Jang So Jung , Lee Ju Kyong 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This study assessed the genetic and phenotypic variation of 12 flint maize inbred lines and performed association analysis of 11 drought-related traits using 360 simple sequence repeats (SSRs), detecting 1,604 alleles, with an average of 4.4 alleles per locus. The average values of gene diversity (GD) and polymorphism information content (PIC) were 0.648 and 0.598, respectively. In principal component analysis (PCA), shoot fresh weight (SFW), shoot dry weight (SDW), stem weight (SW), leaf weight (LW), root fresh weight (RFW), root dry weight (RDW), and leaf area (LA) traits contributed greatly to the PIC. Association analysis was performed using a general linear model with a Q-matrix (Q GLM) and a mixed linear model with Q and K-matrices (Q + K MLM). Twelve SSR markers for drought tolerance trait were detected by Q GLM, and all maize inbred lines were clearly divided into two groups in accordance with their drought tolerance. Duplicated significant marker-trait associations (SMTAs) between Q GLM and Q + K MLM identified eight marker-trait associations involving four SSR markers that were associated with the traits of SW, SFW, RFW, and RDW with a significant level of P < 0.05. The umc1175 and umc2092 were associated with SW and SFW; umc1503 was associated with RFW, SFW, and SW; and umc2341 was associated with RDW. The detection of loci associated with drought-related traits in this study may provide better opportunities to improve maize drought tolerance by marker-assisted selection (MAS). These results will be useful for breeders in producing tolerant varieties as well as markers for using MAS in maize breeding programs.
Co-application of chelate GLDA and French marigold for remediation of Cd contaminated farmlands
Authors: Li Hongchuan , Jin Rui , Xu Zhaowen , Hu Hongxiang , Kalkhajeh Yusef Kianpoor , Zhao Yingying , Zhan Linchuan 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The present study, via a 180-days field trial, investigated the potential of chelate tetrasodium glutamate diacetate (GLDA) for the remediation of cadmium (Cd)-contaminated farmlands by French marigold. To do so, five GLDA treatments (e.g., 0, 292.5, 585, 1170, and 2340 kg hm− 2) were practiced. For each treatment, the total GLDA was divided into two applications with 15 day intervals (0.25, 0.47, and 0.61 mg·kg− 1) under French marigold plantation. Compared with the control, our results showed that GLDA application significantly increased the biomass of aerial parts of French marigold by 21.9% (p < 0.05). Likewise, Cd content in aboveground and underground parts of French marigold increased by 94.7% and 60.5%, respectively, compared with the control (p < 0.05). GLDA application caused significant increases in Cd accumulations in cell soluble fraction and cell wall by 290% and 123%, respectively (p < 0.05); Soil pH and DTPA-Cd content increased with the increase of total application of GLDA. Co-application of GLDA (2340 kg hm− 2) and French marigold reduced the total soil Cd content by 12.87% compared with the soil background. Altogether, our findings conclude on the efficacy of GLDA application for the remediation of Cd contaminated farmlands under French marigold cultivation.
EEG-based Analysis of Various Sensory Stimulation Effects to Reduce Visually Induced Motion Sickness in Virtual Reality
Authors: Yeo Sang Seok , Kwon Jung Won , Park Seo Yoon 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The use of virtual reality (VR) is frequently accompanied by motion sickness, and approaches for preventing it are not yet well established. We explored the effects of synchronized presentations of sound and motion on visually induced motion sickness (VIMS) in order to reduce VIMS. A total of 25 participants bike for 5 minutes with or without sound and motion synchronization presented on a head-mounted display. As a result, the VIMS scores measured by the fast motion sickness scale and simulator sickness questionnaire were significantly lower in the participants who experienced the riding scene with sound and motion than those who experienced the riding scene with sound only, motion only, or neither. Furthermore, analysis of the EEG signal showed that the higher the VIMS, the significant increase in alpha and theta waves in the parietal and occipital lobes. Therefore, we demonstrate that the simultaneous presentation of sound and motion, closely associated with synchronous and visual flow speed, is effective in reducing VIMS while experiencing simulated bike riding in a VR environment.
Identification of Influencing Factors on OHS in Manufacturing Companies Using a Grounded Theory
Authors: Ghahramani Abolfazl , Taghizadeh Elias , Mohebbi Iraj 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Over the last few decades, organizations' productivity and occupational health and safety (OHS) performance have improved as a result of the adoption of innovative manufacturing technologies and new management approaches. Despite these improvements, OHS performance in developing nations remains unsatisfactory, and further research is needed to ascertain the factors that influence OHS performance. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors influencing OHS in Iranian manufacturing companies.
Methods
Twelve informants, including OHS inspectors and managers, were interviewed individually for this qualitative study. The interviews were semi-structured, and the data were analyzed using the grounded theory method.
Results
Management commitment, safety culture, OHS training, OHS regulations, economic and political issues, social factors, as well as personal and occupational factors have all been identified.
Conclusion
The findings emphasize the importance of identifying OHS influencing factors in order to improve manufacturing firms' OHS status. Given the limited financial resources available to companies, government assistance and effective OHS training may help in promoting OHS status. Efforts to improve safety culture and to enforce OHS regulations may have an effect on a company's OHS status.