bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
One pot two-step borylation/fluorination reaction of dysobinin from Chisocheton macrophyllus and its cytotoxicity against cancer cell
Authors: Huda Muhammad Badrul , Nurlelasari  , Safriansyah Wahyu , Fajar Mohamad , Widiyowati Iis Intan , Supratman Unang , Permana Yessi , Budiman Yudha P. 
Published: January 2025

Dysobinin is a naturally occurred limonoid, which is a specific form of triterpenoid, mostly found in certain plants, particularly the Meliaceae family. Overall, it has been found that limonoids have a wide range of biological functions. Typically, the compound comprises anticancer, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory properties. Even though dysobinin has shown some effectiveness, its potential in pharmacology, so far, is found limited. This study, therefore, aims to enhance the pharmacological properties of dysobinin through the addition of fluorine. To do this, a one-pot, two-step reaction comprising C-H borylation and selectfluor was used to turn dysobinin into two new compounds: 1,2-dihydro-6?-acetoxyazadirone (5) and 1?-fluorodysobinin (6). After the transformation, various spectroscopic methods, including UV (Ultraviolet), IR (infrared), MS (mass spectra), as well as NMR (1D and 2D) were applied to figure out the structures of the new compounds. Accordingly, of the derived compounds, 1?-fluorodysobinin showed significantly higher cytotoxicity against A549 lung cancer cells when compared to dysobinin.
Disorders of circadian rhythms of heart rate variability in diabetic cardiac autonomic neuropathy: mechanisms and consequences
Authors: Serhiyenko V.A. , Dolynay M.I. , Sehin V.B. , Lazur Y.V. , Serhiyenko A.A. 
Published: January 2025

Abnormalities in heart rate variability (HRV) may increase the risk of cardiovascular disease over the next six years from 4 to 10 %. It is reported that the probability of stroke or cardiac death can be immediately reduced by chronobiologically assessing HRV and optimizing timed treatment efficacy. Physiological cardiovascular activities are under the control of the cardiac autonomic nervous system. Damage to the autonomic nerves results in dysfunction in heart rate control and vascular dynamics, particularly in cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN). Autonomic imbalance in the sympathetic (SNS) and parasympathetic nervous systems (PSNS) regulation of cardiovascular function contributes to metabolic abnormalities and significant morbidity and mortality for individuals with diabetes mellitus (DM). Misalignment of circadian rhythms has been evidenced in patients with DM, and there is a close relationship between alterations in neuroendocrine sleep architecture, circadian clock oscillations, glucose metabolism, autonomic function, and diurnal profiles of blood pressure and heart rate. Metabolic syndrome, hypertension, myocardial infarction, and DM are characterized by increased SNS activity and decreased PSNS activity. However, type 2 DM patients had a decrease in both PSNS and SNS activity. It can be explained by type 2 DM, which is a metabolic disease responsible for CAN that affects both sympathetic and parasympathetic fibers. The purpose of this review was to discuss the current state of the problem of the relationship between DM and circadian rhythm disorders, HRV. Particular attention is paid to the risk factors of diabetic CAN; insights into the mechanisms of excess mortality associated with CAN; the pathogenesis of diabetic CAN; possible pathogenic pathways binding CAN and atherosclerosis progression; genetic and epigenetic factors and CAN; DM and circadian rhythms of HRV; diabetic CAN and circadian rhythm disorders. The search was conducted in Scopus, Science Direct (from Else­vier), and PubMed, including MEDLINE databases. The keywords used were diabetes mellitus, cardiac autonomic neuropathy, circadian rhythms, heart rate variability. A manual search of the bibliography of publications was used to identify study results that could not be found during the online search.
Study of cardiovascular risk in type 2 diabetic patients in the acute phase of the coronavirus infection and post-COVID period on the background of therapy with sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors
Authors: Kushnarоva N.M. , Zinych O.V. , Shuprovych A.A. , Komisarenko K.P. 
Published: January 2025

Background. The relevance of finding optimal methods for treatment of people with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) who had coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is due to the fact that these conditions have a number of common pathogenetic mechanisms that cause complications of both diseases. The purpose of the study was to assess the effect of antidiabetic therapy using sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) on serum level of cardiovascular markers, ST2 peptide and homocysteine, in patients with T2DM in the post-COVID period compared to standard therapy (metformin/sulfonylurea derivatives). Materials and methods. Forty-three T2DM patients aged 44–85 were examined during the acute period of COVID-19 and nine months after recovery. Group 1 (n = 25) received treatment with SGLT2i in addition to metformin; group 2 (n = 18) continued taking a combination of metformin and sulfonylurea derivatives. Group 3 (control) consisted of 32 people without an impaired carbohydrate metabolism who have had COVID-19. The follow-up period was 9–12 months after recovery from COVID-19. Results. In 9 months of treatment, a significant decrease was noted in serum level of homocysteine, which was elevated in the acute period of COVID-19 and reached normal values: in group 1, from 16.8 to 9.9; in group 2, from 14.4 to 10.1 μmol/l; p < 0.05. In addition, in the post-COVID period, there was a significant decrease in the serum level of ST2, the biomarker of cardiovascular pathology, in patients of group 1 (from 5.4 to 4.8 ng/ml; p < 0.05), in contrast to group 2, where ST2 increased (from 4.9 to 5.7; p < 0.05). Patients of group 3, unlike individuals with T2DM from both groups, had a significantly lower average level of ST2 (p < 0.05), which did not change 9 months after the coronavirus infection (p > 0.05). Conclusions. The results obtained confirm the positive effect of taking SGLT2i on the level of cardiovascular risk markers in patients with T2DM who had received gliflozin therapy for 9 months after recovery from COVID-19, in contrast to the group of patients who received metformin/sulfonylurea derivatives.
Adrenal insufficiency in severely wounded men with combat gunshot injury
Authors: Seliukova N.Yu. , Misiura K.V. , Khoroshun E.M. , Makarov V.V. , Nehoduiko V.V. , Zalyubovska O.I. , Szucsik E. 
Published: January 2025

War destroys normal life and is the main factor of human psychological and physical vulnerability. The stress of war is the most powerful pathogenic factor in the emergence, detection and exacerbation of somatic, mental and behavioral disorders. Trauma can affect the functioning of the hypothalamus and pituitary gland, as well as affect the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. One of these strong physical types of stress is gunshot injury and, consequently, surgical intervention resulting in metabo­lic and physiological disturbances. During stress, an excessive amount of cortisol is produced, but when the human body is exhausted, the level of this hormone decreases, and then adrenal insufficiency occurs. The article considered secondary adrenal insufficiency that can develop as a result of surgical intervention after combat trauma with massive blood loss, which can be objectively characterized as acute stress in male combatants. It is important to pay attention to the recognition and early prevention of hypoglycemia in adrenal insufficiency. So, continuous glucose monitoring should be used. Although this test is quite safe, it is desirable to have a simpler diagnostic marker that can be obtained without the administration of adrenocorticotropic hormone. It is also recommended to study the level of cortisol in blood serum, pay attention to the deficiency of sex hormones. Measurement of dehydroepiandrosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate should be included in the laboratory assessment of hypothalamic-­pituitary-adrenal axis function. Dynamic measurements of dehydroepiandrosterone have proven to increase the accuracy of diagnosing adrenal insufficiency. Thus, adrenal insufficiency can cause non-specific symptoms in a person who has acute stress. Early detection and testing based on clinical suspicion can prevent further development of adrenal crisis.
Methods for assessing manifestations of respiratory failure in patients with laryngeal and tracheal compression syndrome caused by thyroid diseases and cicatricial tracheal stenosis
Authors: Boyko V.V. , Kritsak V.V. , Sochnieva A.L. , Tkachenko V.V. 
Published: January 2025

Background. Tracheal compression syndrome is one of the most severe complications of thyroid diseases and cicatricial tracheal stenosis, which is accompanied by respiratory failure. To assess the state of external respiratory function, standard research methods are used such as spirography, pneumotachometry, and body plethysmography. Objective criteria for respiratory failure are indicators of changes in blood gas composition and acid-base balance. However, these methods can only be considered as auxi­liary in the diagnosis of tracheal stenosis. Methods for assessing the degree of respiratory failure in this severe pathology have not been studied sufficiently. The purpose is to study methods for assessing the manifestations of respiratory failure in patients with laryngeal and tracheal compression syndrome caused by thyroid diseases and cicatricial tracheal stenosis. Materials and methods. The study included 272 patients with laryngeal and tracheal compression stenosis caused by cicatricial tracheal stenosis: 105 with cicatricial tracheal stenosis and 167 with thyroid diseases. All participants were admitted to the clinic as emergencies and operated for urgent indications for tracheal compression syndrome at the V.T. Zaytsev Institute of General and Urgent Surgery of the NAMSU. The study was conducted in 2018–2024. Results. Laryngeal and tracheal stenosis primarily causes changes in the blood gas composition and acid-base balance of varying intensity. A decrease in blood О2 saturation, especially over an extended period, inevitably affects the functioning of organs with high energy consumption. This makes a comprehensive approach to the treatment of such patients obvious. Therapy should be aimed not only at restoring airway patency, but also at supporting the entire body. Conclusions. To increase the effectiveness of surgical and medical rehabilitation of patients with laryngeal and cervical tracheal stenosis, the outlined set of studies is necessary, which will allow substantiating the pathogenetic treatment of such patients.
The impact of prolonged blockade of the releasing hormone on alterations in cardiac macrophage polarisation subsequent to quercetin administration in rats
Authors: Voroshylova T.A. , Shepitko V.I. , Stetsuk Ye.V. , Boruta N.V. , Vilkhova O.V. , Rud M.V. , Puzyryov G.S. , Sych O.V. , Miahkokhlib А.A. 
Published: January 2025

Background. Cardiomyocytes represent the contractile units of the myocardium, while the maintenance and renewal of the extracellular matrix is a function of fibroblasts. The extracellular matrix provides structural support and mechanical signals for resident cells, and stores biologically active signaling molecules. All cells are subject to changes under the influence of various factors, some of which are induced by macrophages containing CD68 and CD163. The heart is unique in its structure and function, yet it is subject to changes under the influence of various factors. Testosterone plays an important role in the intracellular homeostasis of the heart. Quercetin is an organic substance belonging to the flavonoid family with a wide range of medicinal properties. The purpose of our study was to ascertain the impact of testosterone suppression on immunocompetent heart cells in male rats. The study employed a series of experimental periods, with the introduction of triptorelin and quercetin at varying stages. Materials and methods. The study was conducted on 60 sexually mature male rats. The animals were divided into two groups: control (n = 10) and experimental (n = 50). Animals in the experimental group were injected with a solution of triptorelin at a dose of 0.3 mg of active substance per 1 kg of animal weight to modulate central deprivation of luteinising hormone synthesis. We used primary antibodies against CD163 and CD68. Results. The analysis of the count of monocyte-macrophage cells with CD68 receptors after triptorelin administration showed a sharp increase in their number at 1 month of observation. At 3 months, a significant decrease in this indicator was noted in comparison with the previous study period and with the control group. At month 6, a sharp increase in the number of cells with CD68 receptors was detected. At the 9th month of observation, a decrease in the number of monocyte-macrophage cells was noted compared to the control group. At 12 months, the index was significantly lower than in the previous period. Conclusions. The administration of triptorelin causes quantitative and qualitative changes in the population of macrophages in the interstitial space of the heart. The addition of quercetin changes the ratio in macrophage subpopulations, which may serve to develop effective treatments.
Respon Pertumbuhan Tanaman Pakcoy (Brassica chinensis L.) pada Pemberian Berbagai Dosis Pupuk Kandang Ayam
Authors: Afandi Moh. Imam , Hadid Abd 
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk Mengetahui Respon Pertumbuhan tanaman pakcoy Pada Pemberian Berbagai Dosis Pupuk Kandang Ayam. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kelurahan Layana Indah, Kecamatan Mantikulore, Sulawesi Tengah, Waktu pelaksanaan penelitian dimulai pada bulan November sampai Desember tahun 2023. Penelitian ini Disusun menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan perlakuan dosis pupuk kandang ayam, terdiri dari 5 taraf :Setiap perlakuan terdiri dari 3 ulangan sehingga terdapat 15 unit percobaan. Setiap unit percobaan terdiri atas 3 tanaman sehingga diperlukan 45 tanaman. P0 = tanpa pupuk kandang ayam (kontrol), P1 (500g/polybag), P2 (600 g/polybag), P3 (700g/polybag), P4 (800g/polybag). Pemberian berbagai dosis pupuk kandang berpengaruh terhadap tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, luas daun, berat segar dan berat kering tanaman pakcoy. Hasil penelitan menunjukan bahwa pemberian berbagai dosis pupuk kandang ayam berpengaruh terhadap tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, luas daun, berat segar dan berat kering. Pemberian pupuk kandang ayam dengan dosis 800g/polybag (setara 53 t/ha) menunjukan pertumbuhan yang lebih baik pada tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, luas daun, berat segar dan berat kering tanaman pakcoy.
Influence of Perfluorodecalin Content on the Properties of Blood Substitute
Authors: Mystkowska Joanna , Prokopczyk Gabriela , Łysik Dawid 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Blood is a vital part of our circulatory system. It is responsible for transporting oxygen and nutrients, regulating body temperature, and fighting infections. However, any imbalances in blood composition or disruptions in the blood production process can affect the body’s overall functioning. Anemia is one of the most common blood diseases diagnosed worldwide. It is characterized by a deficiency of red blood cells or hemoglobin, which reduces the body’s ability to transport oxygen. To address this issue, researchers are developing blood substitutes with artificial oxygen carriers that can replace or support the natural function of red blood cells in oxygen transport. Perfluorocarbon-based oxygen carriers (PFCs) such as perfluorodecalin (PFD) are promising for treating severe blood disorders because they can deliver O2 to tissues in various conditions. PFCs have higher storage stability than other oxygen carriers due to their bilayer sphere structure. In this study, we aimed to explore the effects of different concentrations of PFD (1%wt., 2%wt.) and storage time (7, 14, 21, 28 days) on the properties of blood substitutes, including its physicochemical (pH, surface tension, electrolytic conductivity, contact angle, redox potential, oxygen content) and rheological characteristics. The results show that the PFD concentration did not have a statistically significant effect on most of the tested properties, except for the oxygen content, which was higher for the 2%wt. solution after 28 days of incubation. The incubation time significantly impacts the change in surface tension, contact angle, redox potential, and oxygen content. The obtained results are essential due to the use of perfluorodecalin in medicine as an oxygen carrier.
Determination of Heat Deflection Temperature under a Load and Vicat Softening Temperature of Powder Composites used for Ablative Shields
Authors: Sapinski Przemyslaw , Szczepaniak Robert , Plonka Daniel , Krzyzak Aneta , Kosicka Ewelina , Woroniak Grzegorz 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This paper presents the results of a study to determine the heat deflection temperature (HDT) and Vicat softening temperature (VST) of polymer matrix powder composites used for ablative shielding. The issue is of particular importance since, during ablative tests, the composite material is partially burnt (ablative layer). However, its remaining parts are additionally heated to a higher temperature, which is consequently associated with a change in the visco-elastic properties that depend, among other things, on the VST and HDT temperatures. In the conducted research, the authors used different mass percentages of powder modifiers (montmorillonite, halloysite, mullite, carbon nanotubes, silicon carbide) matrix base epoxy resin LH 145 Havel with the hardener H147 in the experiments. Apart from observing thermal properties that may change due to a modification of the composition of the composites, the effect of conditioning of the samples on the test results was also noticed. It is preheating a composite at a temperature as low as 55°C was observed to increase the HDT and VST by approximately 20°C and the composite hardness by approximately 3-7%.
Recycled Carbon Fibers from Wind Turbine Blades: Advancing the Mechanical Performance of Concrete
Authors: Krassowska Julita , Kazberuk Andrzej 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Recycled carbon fibers from wind turbine blades offer a sustainable approach to enhancing concrete’s mechanical properties. This study investigates the preliminary performance of concrete reinforced with fibers recovered via pyrolysis. Experimental results demonstrate improvements in flexural strength (up to 30%) and fracture mechanics parameters (e.g., KIc and CTODc). Planned research will focus on optimizing mix designs and exploring deformation criteria for quasi-brittle materials, paving the way for environmentally friendly construction solutions.
Changes in the Structure of the AK7 Alloy in Terms of Modification
Authors: Romankiewicz Remigiusz 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
On this work there was decided to verify the possibility of influence of micro additives of strontium and boron on structure of AlSi7Mg (EN-AC-42000) alloy with chemical composition according to PN-EN 1706. As the modifier there were used AlSr10 (0.3%) and AlTi5B1 (0.3%) master alloy, which were added separately and together. Changes in the structure of individual samples of the AK7 alloy were examined using a metallographic microscope. The chemical composition of complex intermetallic phases formed in the structure of the tested alloy was also examined. The most beneficial effect turned out to be the effect of strontium in the form of 0.3% AlSr10, ensuring a favourable conversion of lamellar silicon into the form of fine fibres. The presence of complex phases was observed in all test samples. Most often, these were phases with various needle shapes and variable Fe and Mn contents.
Cloning and expression characterisation of LiDXS2 gene in Oriental Lily (Lilium 'Sorbonne')
Authors: Yu Jiaxuan , Wu Nana , Fu Ruyu , Xue Lili , Zhang Jinzhu , Dong Jie , Yang Tao , Fan Jinping 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT
1-Deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate synthase (DXS) is the first key enzyme in the MEP responsible for monoterpene synthesis. To reveal its regulatory effect on floral scents of lily, LiDXS2 was cloned from Oriental Lily ‘Sorbonne’; the protein location was determined using subcellular localisation; and the expression pattern in different flowering stages and tissues was probed by fluorescence quantitative PCR. The plant expression vector was constructed to transform Arabidopsis thaliana, and the transgenic plants were characterised. The results showed that the LiDXS2 ORF area was 2142 bp and encoded a total of 713 amino acids. Analysis of homologous sequences showed that it contains two highly conserved regions, WDVGHQ and IAEQHA, which were closely related to Ginkgo DXS2 protein and Periwinkle DXS protein. Subcellular localisation showed that the LiDXS2 gene of Lilium 'Sorbonne' was localised in chloroplasts. In different flowering stages, the expression patterns of LiDXS2 were basically the same as the TranScriptome sequencing results, and the overall trend was initially increasing and then decreasing. In different floral organ tissues, the expression level of LiDXS2 was significantly higher in petals than other tissues, and almost no expression was observed in anthers. In A. thaliana transformed by LiDXS2, the transgenic lines showed an increased plant height and early flowering phenotype, and the expression of volatile synthesis genes for key structures downstream of DXS in the MEP pathway was upregulated compared with controls. Collectively, these results suggest that LiDXS2 may play an important role in regulating Lilium ‘Sorbonne’ monoterpene synthesis and its floral flavour release.
Transient Flow in Pressurized Pipes: A Comparative Study of Five Resolution Methods
Authors: Toumi Abdelouaheb , Sekiou Fateh , Afoufou Fateh 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This article solves, models, and simulates, by five different methods, the system of partial differential equations of hyperbolic type governing the transient flow in the case of a gravity pipe supplied from a reservoir and equipped with a valve at its extremity. To make this work smoother and more attractive when calculating hydraulic parameters in transient flow, we took into consideration the two valve closing laws most commonly used in practice and in case of fast and slow closing. The reliability and safety of operation of the pressure pipeline system (PPS) depends on protection systems against the harmful effects of transient flow. To be able to place the most suitable protection device where it is needed, we must use numerical methods to model and simulate such processes. To this end, we applied five methods to solve the transient flow equations and subsequently search for the method giving results with practical credibility. The results obtained show that the methods of MarcCormak and Alternative lead, in fast and slow closures, to very close values by giving more logical graphic representations to the phenomenon generated. The Lax-Friedrichs method can join them but with another appearance of the representation of pressures, and the method of characteristics neglects certain parameters such as the inclination of the pipe while the Richtmayer method should be avoided in its current form because of the error gap between it and the other methods, and the graphical representation of the results obtained, like the pressure over time, which does not give a logical interpretation of the phenomenon produced.