bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Numerical method for solving a nonlocal boundary value problem for a multidimensional parabolic equation
Authors: Бештокова З.В. 
Published: June 2022

Работа посвящена нелокальным краевым задачам для многомерного уравнения параболического типа с переменными коэффициентами. Методом энергетических неравенств получены априорные оценки в дифференциальной и разностной трактовках для решений нелокальных краевых задач. Из полученных оценок следуют единственность и устойчивость решения каждой из рассмотренных задач по правой части и начальным данным, а также сходимость решения разностной задачи к решению исходной дифференциальной задачи в L2-норме со скоростью O(|h|+τ). Для каждой из рассмотренных задач построен алгоритм численного решения, роведены численные расчеты тестовых примеров.
The work is devoted to nonlocal boundary value problems for a multidimensional parabolic equation with variable coefficients. The method of energy inequalities is used to obtain a priori estimates in differential and difference interpretations for solutions of nonlocal boundary value problems. The resulting estimates imply the uniqueness and stability of the solution of each of the considered problems with respect to the right-hand side and initial data, as well as the convergence of the solution of the difference problem to the solution of the original differential problem in the L2-norm at a rate of O(|h|+τ). For each of the considered problems, a numerical solution algorithm is constructed, and numerical calculations of test examples are carried out.
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN TURKEY AND EU COUNTRIES ON TAXATION POLICY FOR ELECTRIC VEHICLES
Authors: ÖKDE Burak 
Published: June 2022

This study aims to show the differences and consequences of tax rates applied to vehicles with electric motors between Turkey and EU countries. Clarifying the situation clearly is the most important step in solving the problem. However, it is debatable that not promoting electric vehicles is a problem. Although studies on this subject have not yet reached a definite conclusion, the EU is insistent and taking various initiatives to spread the use of renewable energy sources. The EU advocates that every investment in renewable energy will be both more profitable and more environmentally-friendly in the long run, taking into account the external costs. For this reason, it applies different measures and incentives for the transition to electric vehicles. While the EU takes measures such as carbon-based taxation of vehicles, it also applies financial and fiscal incentives during the purchase and use of electric vehicles.
In Turkey, tax incentive practices in this regard are behind EU countries. Although a lower tax rate is levied on the purchase of electric vehicles than internal combustion engine vehicles, these taxes are observed to be higher than the EU. At the same time, post-purchase motor vehicle tax (MTV) is higher than the EU. Besides, there is no financial incentive for the purchase of electric vehicles. Comparatively, support is provided up to 5,000 € in the purchase of electric vehicles in EU countries, although it varies from country to country. Due to these reasons, as a result of the study, it is seen that the rate of electric cars among the cars registered for the first time in Turkey is 0.3%, while this rate is 10% in EU countries.
ANALISIS RISIKO PENURUNAN MUTU IKAN LEMURU SELAMA AKTIVITAS PENANGANAN DI UD. DUTA QURAESY, JEMBER
Authors: Saraswati Exist , Purwangka Fis , Mustaruddin  , Darmawan  
Published: June 2022

Duta Quraesy merupakan pemasok ikan lemuru ke pabrik pengolahan ikan untuk diolah menjadi sarden. Penanganan ikan harus diperhatikan agar mutu tetap terjaga karena lemuru mudah rusak dan busuk. Mutu lemuru berpengaruh terhadap pendapatan UD. Duta Quraesy. Maka perlu diidentifikasi hal-hal yang dapat menurunkan mutu ikan agar dapat dicegah/diminimalisir. Penelitian dilakukan di UD. Duta Quraesy dan pabrik pengolahan ikan di Banyuwangi pada Februari 2022 dengan metode analisis risiko. Analisis risiko terdiri dari identifikasi potensi bahaya, estimasi frekuensi kejadian, dan estimasi tingkat keparahan. Tingkat risiko didapat dari korelasi antara frekuensi kejadian dan tingkat keparahan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya 11 aktivitas penanganan yang dilakukan oleh UD. Duta Quraesy. Terdapat 40 potensi bahaya dengan 24 jenis yang berbeda selama aktivitas penanganan tersebut. Sebanyak 4 jenis potensi bahaya masing-masing berisiko rendah dan sedang, 9 potensi bahaya berisiko tinggi, dan 7 potensi bahaya berisiko sangat tinggi. Lima belas potensi bahaya dapat dikendalikan dengan cara administratif, 1 potensi bahaya dengan cara administratif dan Alat Perlindungan Diri (APD), 2 potensi bahaya dengan administratif dan rekayasa teknik, 3 potensi bahaya dengan administratif dan subsitusi, 1 potensi bahaya masing-masing dengan subsitusi, subsitusi dan rekayasa teknik, dan penggunaan APD.
Kata kunci: aktivitas penanganan, ikan lemuru, pengendalian risiko, potensi bahaya, tingkat risiko
Âyetlerde Yapılabilecek Fonetik Hataların Yol Açacağı Anlam Bozulmaları
Authors: BOSAT Sait 
Published: June 2022

Yüce kitabımız Kur’ân, Arap dili ve edebiyatının tüm anlatım sanatlarını en üst düzeyde kullanmıştır. Aynı konuları farklı üslûplarla dile getirmiş, mânaları kulağa hoş gelen lafızlarla anlatmıştır. Kısaca; harfleri, kelimeleri, cümle yapısı ve âyetleriyle birlikte bir bütün olarak i‘cazın (eşsizliğin) en mükemmel örneklerini sunmuştur. Kur'ân-ı Kerîm için kullanılan “Nazmü’l-Kur’ân” (Kur'ân’ın eşsiz söz dizimi) ifadesi, âyetlerin i‘câzı ile doğrudan ilintilidir. Onun belâgat, fesâhat ve lafız-mâna dengesini temsil etmektedir. Dolayısıyla anlamın doğru bir şekilde oluşması, nazmın dil kurallarına uygun biçimde seslendirilmesi neticesinde gerçekleşebilir. Kur'ân-ı Kerîm âyetleri cümlelerden oluşurken, cümleler kelimelerden, kelimeler ise harf ve seslerden oluşur. Kur'ân nazmının i‘câzı, yukarıda sayılan her parçadaki uyum ve mükemmelliği ifade eder.
Bu çalışmada harflerin mahreç ve sıfatlarında yapılabilecek hatalar sonucunda oluşabilecek anlam değişmelerine değinilecektir. Usulsüz ve yetersiz eğitimden kaynaklandığına inandığımız hatalı okumaların, Kur’ân’ın i‘câzını, lafız ve mâna bütünlüğünü nasıl bozduğuna dair bir farkındalık oluşturulmaya çalışılacaktır.
Organizational Cynicism Reviewed from Work Stress to Shipping Employee Organization Support
Authors: Putrie Hesa Chikita , Faraz Faraz 
Published: June 2022

The study aimed to determine the role of work stress and the perception of organizational support for organizational cynicism in shipping employees. The study used a quantitative approach with 152 respondents. The research instrument uses the organizational cynicism scale of Yunida, (2016), the work stress scale of Sari et al. (2018), and the survey scale of perceived organizational support from Kurtessis et al. (2017). Data retrieval is done online, then the data that has been collected, analyzed with multiple linear regression tests using SPSS software. The results showed that the significance value p = 0.00 (p < 0.05) so it can be said that work stress and perception of organizational support influence the organization's cynicism in shipping employees in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic. Work stress had an effective contribution of 31%, while effective contributions perceptions of organizational support were greater at 32%. Based on these results, it is very important to pay attention to organizational support for employees to avoid the emergence of organizational cynicism. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan peran stres kerja dan persepsi dukungan organisasi untuk sinisme organisasi dalam karyawan pengiriman. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan 152 responden. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan skala sinisme organisasi Yunida, (2016), skala stres kerja Sari et al. (2018), dan skala survei dukungan organisasi yang dirasakan dari Kurtessis et al. (2017). Pengambilan data dilakukan secara online, kemudian data yang telah dikumpulkan, dianalisis dengan tes regresi linier berganda menggunakan perangkat lunak SPSS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai signifikansi p = 0,00 (p < 0,05) sehingga dapat dikatakan bahwa stres kerja dan persepsi dukungan organisasi mempengaruhi sinisme organisasi dalam mengirimkan karyawan di era pandemi COVID-19. Stres kerja memiliki kontribusi efektif sebesar 31%, sementara persepsi kontribusi yang efektif tentang dukungan organisasi lebih besar pada 32%. Berdasarkan hasil ini, sangat penting untuk memperhatikan dukungan organisasi bagi karyawan untuk menghindari munculnya sinisme organisasi.
EVALUASI PENANGANAN CACING SUTERA Tubifex sp. DALAM MENINGKATKAN KINERJA PEMBENIHAN IKAN
Authors: Hendriana Andri , Ramadhani Dian Eka , Indriastuti Cecilia Eny , Iskandar Andri , Endrassanto Nabilla Putri , Rejcky Muhammad Fajar 
Published: June 2022

Kendala dalam cacing sutera yaitu penanganan yang masih belum optimal sehingga ketersediaan untuk kegiatan pembenihan terhambat. Untuk itu perlu penanganan yang efisien, efektif dan ramah lingkungan Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan metode penanganan cacing sutera yang terbaik untuk menunjang kinerja pembenihan ikan. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Lapang Perikanan Sekolah Vokasi IPB. Rancangan penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan 3 ulangan yang terdiri dari perlakuan dan penanganan cacing sutera. Penelitian perlakuan cacing terdiri dari 6 perlakuan yaitu A (cacing dengan plastik packing tertutup), B (cacing dengan plastik packing tertutup dan diberi oksigen 1:2), C (cacing dengan plastik packing tertutup dan ditambah air 2 cm), D (cacing dengan plastik packing tertutup ditambahkan air 2 cm dan oksigen 1:2), E (cacing dengan plastik packing tertutup dan ditambahkan es batu di dalam plastik), dan F (cacing dengan plastik packing tertutup dan ditambahkan es batu di luar plastik). Sedangkan penelitian penanganan cacing sutera terdiri dari 4 perlakuan yaitu G (penanganan cacing di wadah terbuka dan diberi air), H (penanganan cacing di wadah terbuka dan diberi aliran air sedikit), I (penanganan cacing di wadah terbuka dan ditambah air 2 cm), dan J (penanganan cacing di wadah terbuka diberi air 2 cm dan aerasi). Hasil penelitian perlakuan dan penanganan cacing sutera menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan D dan J menghasilkan biomassa rata-rata cacing 19,70±0,46 g dan 19,77±0,21 g. Sedangkan nilai SR tertinggi sebesar 98,67±2,31% dan 98,83±1,04%. Nilai terendah rata-rata biomassa pada perlakuan A sebesar 0,77±0,68 g dan 4,13±0,42 g sedangkan SR terendah sebesar 3,83±3,40% dan 20,67±2,08%. Nilai kualitas air parameter suhu sebesar 26,5-27,6°C dan nilai pH berkisar 7,7-8,0 pada semua perlakuan penelitian. Nilai kualitas air tersebut masih dalam standar untuk cacing sutera. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penelitian pada perlakuan D dan penelitian penanganan perlakuan J untuk cacing sutera merupakan perlakuan terbaik dibandingkan perlakuan lainnya.
ESTIMASI NILAI EKONOMI DANAU SEBEDANG KECAMATAN SEBAWI KABUPATEN SAMBAS
Authors: Agam Beryaldi , Merdekawati Dewi , Maryono  , Fatimah Yunita Nurul , Reksi  
Published: June 2022

Pembangunan potensi sumber daya alam di Danau Sebedang diperlukan upaya-upaya untuk mengembangkan sistem pengelolaan potensi dan pemanfaatan sumber daya alamnya secara lebih bijaksana. Namun seberapa besar nilai ekonomi pengembangan kawasan Danau Sebedang belum dapat diketahui secara detail. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui estimasi seberapa besar nilai ekonomi Danau Sebedang. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Danau Sebedang selama bulan Januari sampai Mei 2021 penentuan lokasi ditentukan secara purposive (sengaja). Jenis penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif. Teknik sampling menggunakan metode sampling accident insidental merupakan teknik penentuan sampel berdasarkan kebetulan. Teknik pengumpulan data secara observasi, dokumentasi, dan kuisioner. Analisis data menggunakan 1). Analisis deskriptif untuk mengidentifikasi potensi dan pemanfaatan sumber daya di Danau Sebedang; 2). Analisis valuasi ekonomi manfaat langsung dan manfaat tidak langsung dengan menggunakan metode ITCM (Individual Travel Cost Method) serta penentuan nilai ekonomi total dari penjumlahan nilai ekonomi pemanfaatan perikanan, pemanfaatan air baku, dan rekreasi danau. Hasil dari peneltian ini adalah potensi sumber daya alam Danau Sebedang dapat dimanfaatkan meliputi pemanfaatan kegiatan perikanan, pemanfaatan air baku, dan rekreasi danau. Nilai manfaat total Danau Sebedang sebesar Rp. 3.189.064.626,- penjumlahan dari Nilai Ekonomi Perikanan (NEP) sebesar Rp. 235.480.626,-; Nilai Ekonomi Domestik (NED) sebesar Rp 756.864.000,-; dan Nilai Ekonomi Rekreasi Danau (NER) sebesar Rp.2.196.720.000,-.
DIFFERENT METHODS OF TEACHING THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE// International Journal of Educational and Scientific Research 1(14), 2022/ Chief Editor D. Sidorkin /OEAPS OU - Tallinn, Estonia (Open European Academy of Public Sciences). Marseille, France 30.04.2022: OEAPS OU., 2022 - P. 121-128.
Authors: Mukumbek Marzhan Maratkyzy 
Published: June 2022

The term teaching method refers to the general principles, pedagogy and management strategies used for classroom instruction. Your choice of teaching method depends on what fits you — your educational philosophy, classroom demographic, subject area(s) and school mission statement. Teaching theories can be organized into four categories based on two major parameters: a teacher-centered approach versus a student-centered approach, and high-tech material use versus low-tech material use.
THE USE OF SMART BOARD IN TEACHING ENGLISH// International Journal of Educational and Scientific Research 1(14), 2022/ Chief Editor D. Sidorkin /OEAPS OU - Tallinn, Estonia (Open European Academy of Public Sciences). Marseille, France 30.04.2022: OEAPS OU., 2022 - P. 129-134.
Authors: Mukumbek Marzhan Maratkyzy , Erzhanova Zhanna Borisovna 
Published: June 2022

Teachers and businesspeople have heard about these wonderful things and want to know how they can help them in their jobs. In straightforward terms, a smart board is an interactive white board. It can be connected to one or more laptops, PCs, tablets, or other electronic devices. They are extremely useful in a classroom because they can engage students, provide interactive opportunities that a traditional white board, black board or flip chart can’t, and can also develop students’ computer skills along with their English skills. Smart boards also have touch screen technology so you do not actually need a computer to access the basic functionality.
RUSSIAN AS A SECOND LANGUAGE FOR TECHNICAL STUDENTS// International Journal of Educational and Scientific Research 1(14), 2022/ Chief Editor D. Sidorkin /OEAPS OU - Tallinn, Estonia (Open European Academy of Public Sciences). Marseille, France 30.04.2022: OEAPS OU., 2022 - P. 35-39.
Authors: Daishkaliyeva Ulday Zhalgasovna , Erzhanova Zhanna Borisovna 
Published: June 2022

When teachers go back to school at the end of the summer holidays, there are feelings of excitement, stress, apprehension, and passion for teaching. Teaching Russian without being a native speaker could be a source of stress for some. But can you teach Russian without being a native speaker? Can you teach your second language to students? In this article, we’re going to look at learning a language and whether the teacher needs to be a native speaker of this new language, linguistic insecurity, and how to teach Russian effectively.
G Protein-Coupled Receptors: Undervalued Targets for Cancer Therapy
Authors: Al-Janabi Ismail Ibrahim 
Published: June 2022

Despite the G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) being the largest family of signalling proteins at the surface of cells, their potential to be targeted in cancer therapy is still under-utilised. This review highlights the contribution of these receptors to the process of oncogenesis and points to some likely challenges that might be encountered in targeting them. GPCR-signalling pathways are often complex and can be tissue-specific. Cancer cells hijack these communication networks to their proliferative advantage. The role of selected GPCRs in the different hallmarks of cancer is examined to highlight the complexity of targeting these receptors for therapeutic benefit. Our increasing knowledge of the mechanisms governing the molecular functions of GPCRs may help to identify new targets to treat specific types of cancers.
Microencapsulation of Green Coffee Beans (Coffea canephora) Extract using Whey Protein Concentrate
Authors: Husni Muhammad Ali , Nugroho Akhmad Kharis , Sulaiman Teuku Nanda Saifullah , Fakhrudin Nanang 
Published: June 2022

Coffee bean contains bioactive compounds including caffeine and chlorogenic acid (CGA) that have a stimulant effect and are used for combating fatigue and drowsiness, and enhancing alertness. However, when the coffee bean was processed in the form of green coffee bean (GCB) extract, it has an unpleasant flavour and limitations instability, activity, and bioavailability. This study aimed to produce microcapsules of the GCB (Coffea canephora) ethanolic extract containing considerable amounts of the bioactive compounds for nutraceutical supplements. The GCB ethanolic extract was microencapsulated by spray drying using a whey protein concentrate (WPC) biopolimer. The particle size (PSA), morphology (SEM), and physicochemical characteristics (UV and LC-MS/MS), as well as radical scavenging activity (DPPH) of the microcapsule were determined. We found that the microencapsulation yield was 95.85% of the extract, with the particle mean of volume diameter was 1.312 µm (span value: 1.285 µm). The morphology of microcapsule particles was irregular microspheres with dense, smooth, wrinkle and shrivel, compact, and homogeneous surface. The microcapsule demonstrated the caffeine content of 15.25%, the CGA content of 8.52%, the total phenolic content of 1794.7 ± 77.0 mg GAE/100g and the radical scavenging activity of 179.23 µg/mL.
The WPC can be used to encapsulate the GCB extract by using spray drying microencapsulation to produce a high yield microcapsule with a smaller and narrower particle diameter. This microencapsulation was able to engulf and package unpleasant flavor and aroma, and to preserve considerable amounts of the bioactive compounds.
Improvement of the Solubility and Dissolution Characteristics of Risperidone via Nanosuspension Formulations
Authors: Emad Hayder , Nazar Abd-Alhammid Shaimaa 
Published: June 2022

Risperidone is an atypical antipsychotic drug that is used for treating schizophrenia, bipolar mania, and autism. Risperidone rebalances dopamine and serotonin to improve thinking, mood, and behavior by working on dopamine and serotonin α2receptor antagonism. Risperidone has poor solubility and high permeability through the intestine, so it belongs to Biopharmaceutical Classification System (BCS) class II exhibits poor oral biopharmaceutical properties.
The aim of the present work was to improve solubility and dissolution of Risperidone by preparing nanosuspension using different stabilizers and different solvents‎ in a method known as solvent-antisolvent precipitation method. Twenty-eight formulas were prepared and evaluated particle size, PDI, (EE), zeta potential, and in-vitro dissolution studies. The results showed that particle size of nanosuspension was nanosized for all formulations. The best formula (F13) has particle size (40.9) nm containing a (Soluplus) as a stabilizer in ratio 1:1 with drug by using acetone as a solvent in ratio 1:5 with water which was act as anti-solvent with stirring speed 1000 rpm and E.E % was 98%. For self-dispersible dry nanosuspension, the selected formula (F13) shown fast dispersibility of less than 1 min. and complete in-vitro dissolution to about 30 min. in 0.1N HCl. XRD and DSC indicate the transformation of a crystalline form of risperidone into an amorphous form. The stability studies of the best formula (F13) suggest that estimated shelf life was about 4 years.
In conclusion; the formulation of poorly water-soluble risperidone as nanosuspension significantly improved the dissolution rate of drug and enhanced its solubility.
Understanding the Experience of Hospital Pharmacists with the Effectiveness, Safety, Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting and Interchangeability of Biopharmaceutical Medicines
Authors: Al-Jumaili Ali Azeez , Fahmi Hiba Leith 
Published: June 2022

The study objectives were to 1) explore the real-world experience of hospital pharmacists with the differences in effectiveness safety, and interchangeability between biosimilar medicines and their reference biological counterparts, 2) reveal pharmacist recommendations to enhance the safety of biopharmaceutical medicines in public hospitals.
The study has a mixed-method design where the core component was qualitative (interviews) and the supplemental component was quantitative (adverse drug reaction, ADR, reports). This qualitative component included semi-structured (mostly face-to-face) interviews involving hospital pharmacists from different hospitals with experience with biological or biosimilar medicines. The interviews were conducted from Nov 2020 through Feb 2021. Thematic analyses were used to analyze qualitative data generated from the interviews.
The study sample included 25 pharmacists from ten governmental hospitals in Baghdad, Iraq. The pharmacists were 21 women and 4 men. Because most pharmacists had a short experience with biosimilar medications, they were unsure about their effectiveness and safety. Most pharmacists preferred reference biological over biosimilar medicines because of their effectiveness. However, they believed that initial prescribing and switching between a reference and counterpart biosimilar rely on their availability. The pharmacists tended to underreport biopharmaceutical ADRs.
The non-sustainable supply of the same biopharmaceutical medicines in public hospitals negatively impacted pharmacist evaluation of the effectiveness and safety of biosimilar medicines. Both pharmacist interviews and the Iraqi Pharmacovigilance Center (IqPhvC) data showed under-reporting of biopharmaceutical ADRs. Medicine procurement in healthcare settings should focus on sustainably securing high-quality biopharmaceuticals rather than looking only at costs to enhance patient clinical outcomes. Providing pharmacist training, electronic reporting, promoting documentation, and following up with patients is pivotal to prevent, monitor and treat their ADRs.