bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preparation of efficient piezoelectric PVDF–HFP/Ni composite films by high electric field poling
Authors: Lei Dan , Hu Ning , Wu Liangke , Huang Rongyi , Lee Alamusi , Jin Zhaonan , Wang Yang 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) and its copolymers have been widely studied due to their excellent piezoelectricity and ferroelectricity. In this study, composite films are prepared by adding Ni nanoparticles (0.00–0.3 wt%) into poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF–HFP) matrix by solution casting, uniaxial stretching, and high electric field poling. It is found that when the maximum electric field E
max for poling is 130 MV m−1, the calibrated open circuit voltage of the pure PVDF–HFP films reaches 3.12 V, which is much higher than those poled by a lower electric field (70 MV m−1: 1.40 V; 90 MV m−1: 2.29 V). This result shows that the effect of poling on the generated output voltage is decisive. By adding 0.1 wt% Ni nanoparticles, it increases to 3.84 V, 23% higher than that of the pure PVDF–HFP films. To further understand the enhancement mechanism, the effects of Ni nanoparticles on initial crystallization, uniaxial stretching, and high electric field poling are investigated by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry.
Optimization of nano coating to reduce the thermal deformation of ball screws
Authors: Gao Xiangsheng , Zhang Kuan , Wang Min , Zan Tao , Gao Peng , Liu Chaozong 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
To reduce the thermal deformation of ball screws, the process of nano coating preparation for coating on ball screws to reduce temperature rise and thereby thermal deformation was discussed in this article. Simultaneously, the cooling mechanism was presented. The thermal channels and the relatively even distribution of graphene in the nano coating were observed in scanning electron microscopic images. In terms of the preparation of nano coating, optimization design was carried out to obtain the optimized material ratio and nozzle flow through orthogonal experiment. The influence of design parameters of nano coating on reducing thermal deformation was also discussed. The experimental results show that the maximum temperature rise, thermal deformation, and time to reach thermal balance decreased by 12.5, 69.1, and 46.3%, respectively. The effectiveness of nano coating in reducing thermal deformation was validated experimentally.
Intensification of thermal stratification on dissipative chemically heating fluid with cross-diffusion and magnetic field over a wedge
Authors: Adnan  , Khan Umar , Ahmed Naveed , Mohyud-Din Syed Tauseef , Sherif El-Sayed M. , Khan Ilyas 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This paper aims to examine the heat and mass characteristics for thermally stratified chemically heated, dissipative flow under the cross-diffusion and imposed Lorentz forces. A self-similar model is obtained employing suitable similarity transformations. Then, the RK technique is used for mathematical analysis. The stimulations of pertinent physical quantities in the flow regimes, shear stresses, and the Nusselt number were examined graphically. It is noted that more radiative flow favors the thermal behavior of the fluid and increases in the Prandtl number causes the decrease in thermal characteristics. Moreover, decreases in mass characteristics were examined by the fluctuating chemical reaction and Schmidt parameters. Lastly, key outcomes of the work are pinpointed.
What dominates heat transfer performance of a double-pipe heat exchanger
Authors: Zheng Dan , Hu Zhenwei , Tian Liting , Wang Jin , Sundén Bengt 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
ZnO–water nanofluid in an inner pipe was experimentally investigated to improve the thermal efficiency of double-pipe heat exchangers. In this work, a 57.6% increase in the Nusselt number was obtained at Re = 14,340 when the ZnO–water nanofluid flowed through a helically corrugated tube. It was found that helical corrugation played a more important role in heat transfer enhancement than thermophysical properties of the nanofluid at the Reynolds number below 10,221. In addition, with the increase of the Reynolds number, the advantages of nanofluids in thermal performance become obvious, and Nusselt numbers increase by 28.5 and 30.6% with the effects of helical corrugation and ZnO–nanofluid, respectively, at Re = 14,349.
Time-periodic pulse electroosmotic flow of Jeffreys fluids through a microannulus
Authors: Li Dongsheng , Ma Liang , Dong Jiayin , Li Kun 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In this article, we investigate the time-periodic pulse electroosmotic flow (EOF) of Jeffreys fluids through a microannulus. By using the Laplace transform method, the velocity expression of the pulse EOF is derived. The effect of some variables on the time it takes for the fluid to go from a static state to a flowing state is analyzed. We find that increasing the relaxation time

λ
¯

1

{\bar{\lambda }}_{\text{1}}

and decreasing the inner and outer radius ratio

α

\alpha

will result in longer time for the fluid to reach the flowing state, but the retardation time

λ
¯

2

{\bar{\lambda }}_{\text{2}}

and the inner and outer zeta potential ratio

β

\beta

have little effect on it. The impact of some related parameters on the pulse EOF velocity for different inner and outer radius ratios (

α

\alpha

) is discussed in detail. The results show that for a smaller inner and outer radius ratio

α

\alpha

, the velocity amplitude increases with the relaxation time

λ
¯

1

{\bar{\lambda }}_{\text{1}}

and decreases with the retardation time

λ
¯

2

{\bar{\lambda }}_{\text{2}}

. As the inner and outer radius ratio

α

\alpha

increases, the effect of relaxation time

λ
¯

1

{\bar{\lambda }}_{\text{1}}

on velocity amplitude gradually weakens or even becomes insignificant, and the effect of the retardation time

λ
¯

2

{\bar{\lambda }}_{\text{2}}

on the velocity amplitude remains unchanged. Moreover, the velocity amplitude will decrease with the increase in the inner and outer radius ratio

α

\alpha

and its change range will expand from the electric double layer near the annular wall to the entire flow region.
Professionalisierungsdynamiken in der Palliativpflege
Authors: Scheid Claudia , Ummel Hannes 
Published: January 2022

Zusammenfassung
Der vorliegenden Artikel widmet sich der Frage, mit welchen Begriffen – etwa Beruf, Beratung, Expertentätigkeit, Profession – sich palliative Pflege adäquat erfassen lässt. Ein Ausgangspunkt ist der im Feld geäußerte Anspruch, diese sei als Profession zu verstehen. Eine theoretische Modellierung zeigt, dass Palliativpflege als ein professionalisierungsbedürftiges Handlungsfeld verstanden werden kann. Mithilfe von Fallerzählungen zweier qualifizierter Pflegender aus diesem Bereich wird sondiert, ob bestehende Handlungsorientierungen dem theoretischen Entwurf entsprechen. Dabei zeigen sich Professionalisierungsdynamiken, aber ebenso deutlich Tendenzen einer „(Noch-)Nicht-Professionalisierung“. Für Ersteres steht insbesondere die „Fallperspektive“, also jene basale „Selektivität der Wahrnehmung“, mit der die in einer Lebenspraxis bestehende spezifische Krise überhaupt erkannt und dargestellt werden kann (Maiwald, Bergmann). Für Letztere stehen zum Beispiel eine Expertenorientierung, welche die Hilfsbedürftigkeit der Klientinnen und Klienten letztlich an diese zurückdelegiert, oder auch Formen kompensatorischer Entgrenzung in ungefilterte Diffusität. Neben der begrifflichen Diskussion entsteht ein Bild von Chancen, Grenzen und Belastungen „semi-professionell“ ausgeführter Tätigkeiten für alle Beteiligten.
Fünf Thesenpapiere von Falk Wagner
Authors: Murrmann-Kahl Michael 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Falk Wagner (1939–1998) was the leading Hegelian in late 20th century German Protestant theology. Wagner who had studied philosophy with Theodor W. Adorno and Wolfgang Cramer in Frankfurt am Main and Systematic Theology with Wolfhart Pannenberg at the University of Mainz taught Systematic Theology at the Universities of Munich and, since 1988, Vienna. He published several influential books. In his lectures and seminars he frequently handed out short theory papers to his students which should serve as the basis for debate. The five texts presented here for the first time deal with the problems of individual in society and of the modern history of theology, with the doctrine of God (creator and trinity), with the significance of the Bible for the systematic theology and finally with the concept of „Subjektivität“ in G. W. F. Hegel’s philosophy. These texts are an essential source for the development of Wagner’s thought when teaching at the university of Munich until 1988.
Influence of preparation of silver nanoparticles in carriers based on polymer/inorganic hybrids on the mineral composition of chicken eggs
Authors: Shevchenko L. V. , Dovbnia Y. Y. , Zheltonozhskaya T. B. , Permyakova N. М. , Shulyak S. V. 
Published: January 2022

The solution to the problem of reducing the use of antibiotics in the production of edible eggs is possible through the development and use of alternative bactericidal preparations, including those based on nanosilver. Obtaining biocompatible and biodegradable polymer/inorganic carriers of nanosilver provides for the study of its cumulative qualities which determine the safety of edible chicken eggs. The study investigated the mineral composition of edible eggs when feeding Hy-Line W36 laying hens solutions of the nanosilver preparation in carriers based on polymer/inorganic hybrids (AgNPs/SPH) given in the concentrations of 0, 1.0, and 2.0 mg/L of water (0, 0.2 and 0.4 mg/hen per day) three times at 10 day intervals. Oral administration to laying hens of an aqueous solution of silver nanoparticles in carriers based on polymer/inorganic hybrids at doses of 0.2 and 0.4 mg per hen per day in a dose-dependent manner increased the silver content and did not significantly affect the content of copper, zinc, iron, and lead in the eggshell. The preparation of silver nanoparticles did not affect the content of silver, copper, zinc, iron and lead in the albumen and yolk of chicken eggs after the first and second application, and after the third treatment of laying hens contributed to an increase in the silver content in the egg albumen and yolk but did not affect the content in them of copper, zinc, iron and lead. A single feeding of a solution of a preparation of nanosilver in carriers based on polymer/inorganic hybrids to hens at doses of 0.2 and 0.4 mg per hen per day after 10 days, contributed to a significant increase in the yolks of chicken eggs due to a decrease in the albumen and eggshell. The second and third application of nanosilver to poultry in the indicated doses contributed to a decrease in its proportion in the albumen and in the yolk due to a significant increase in its proportion in the shell. Selective accumulation of in-shell silver can be a promising means of improving the safety and security of chicken eggs when they are microbially contaminated. The results of using nanosilver based on polymer/inorganic hybrids in laying hens can be the basis for the development of methods for increasing the bactericidal properties of the shell and the safety of edible eggs.
Comparative flower morphology of Agapanthus africanus and A. praecox (Amaryllidaceae)
Authors: Fishchuk O. S. 
Published: January 2022

The structure of Agapanthus africanus and A. praecox flowers was studied on permanent cross-sectional and longitudinal sections using a light microscope. The genus Agapanthus belongs to the subfamily Agapanthoideae, the family Amaryllidaceae, which is characterized by the presence of the upper ovary, septal nectaries and fruit – fleshy capsule. Micromorphological studies of the flower are considered as a way for detection of unknown plant features, adjustment of plants to specialized ways of pollination and determining the first stages of morphogenesis of fruit, and further use these features in taxonomy. 10 flowers of A. africanus and A. praecox were sectioned using standard methods of Paraplast embedding and serial sectioning at 20 micron thickness. Sections were stained with Safranin and Astra Blau and mounted in Eukitt. It was found that in the studied species the tepals have single-bundle traces. The vascular system of the superior ovary consists of a three bundle dorsal vein, of the ventral roots complex, which are reorganized into paired ventral bundles of the carpel, which form traces to ovules. For the first time, the following gynoecium zones were detected in A. africanus: a synascidiate structural zone with a height of about 560 μm and a fertile symplicate structural zone with a height of about 380 μm and a hemisymplicate zone of 2580 μm. In A. praecox gynoecium, there is a synascidiate structural zone with a height of 200 μm and a symplicate structural zone of 600 μm and a hemisymplicate zone of 620 μm. Septal nectaries appear in the hemisymplicate zone and open with nectar fissures at the base of the column, with a total septal nectar height of 2880 μm in A. africanus and 820 μm in A. praecox. The ovary roof is 300 µm in A. africanus and 200 µm in A. praecox. Triple dorsal bundles of carpels in A. africanus have been identified, which could be considered as adaptation of different stages of morphogenesis of fruit to dehiscence. The new data obtained by the vascular anatomy of the flower and the presence of different ovary zones significantly add to the information about anatomical and morphological features of the studied species, which can be further used in the taxonomy of the family Amaryllidaceae.
Differential diagnosis of Dirofilaria immitis nematodes (Nematoda, Onchocercidae)
Authors: Kryvoruchenko D. , Prykhodko Y. , Mazannyі O. , Titarenko O. , Reva I. , Sherstiuk L. 
Published: January 2022

Heartworm disease is a widespread anthropozoonotic disease of carnivorous animals, as well as humans. It is caused by nematodes belonging to the suborder Filariata, family Onchocercidae, genus Dirofilaria. There are about 26 species of heartworms in nature, the most common and pathogenic species in dogs and cats in most countries is Dirofilaria immitis Leidy, 1856. Mature helminths parasitize in the right ventricle and pulmonary arteries, large veins of animals and cause heart and vascular disorders, and death. Therefore, the aim of the study was to investigate the features of morphological and metric structure of adult nematodes of D. immitis isolated from the heart of dogs. Morphological studies have shown that in males the most characteristic differential features are the presence of two unequal spicules, specifically positioned relative to each other, as well as well-defined preanal and less pronounced adanal and postanal papillae. In female heartworms, the characteristic morphological features are the shape and location of the vulva. There is a difference in the structure of the esophagus in males and females. In females, the anterior and posterior parts of the esophagus are well expressed, with enlargements, in males these divisions are not pronounced. To increase the efficiency of species identification of D. immitis nematodes, it is proposed to use metric parameters that characterize the overall body size, body and width of esophagus in different areas, length of esophagus, and the location of the nerve ring. In males, 11 indicators are also suggested that characterize the size of the spicules and the location of the cloaca. In females, seven additional parameters are pointed out that characterize the location of the vulva, anus and body width in these areas. The obtained data expand the already existing data on the peculiarities of the morphological structure of parasitic nematodes of the species D. immitis and their identification.
Prognostic markers of canine mammary tumours: Retrospective study of 142 cases
Authors: Kovalenko M. S. , Bilyi D. D. , Skliarov P. M. , Maslikov S. N. , Suslova N. I. , Spitsyna T. L. , Yevtushenko I. D. 
Published: January 2022

Due to relevance of the problem, prediction of biological behaviour of neoplasias in mammary glands of dogs requires using contemporary approaches to the study, first of all, of ways of dissemination of tumour cells. One of them is studying the mechanisms of migration of cancer cells out of the neoplasm tissues with further dissemination and development of metastatic sites in the regional lymphatic nodes and remote tissues. We studied the survival period of bitches with tumours of the mammary glands following regional or unilateral mastectomy. Among malignant mammary tumours in bitches, the most often diagnosed were single tumours (57.5%), which histologically were classified to carcinomas – ductal (26.9%) and mixed type (21.9%). Probability of intratumoral invasion to blood vessels equaled 12.0%, to lymph vessels – 7.8%, lymph nodes – 12.8%. It depends on the histological type of the tumour, the most aggressive potentially being сomedocarcinoma, tubulopapillary carcinoma and ductal carcinoma. Parameters of life expectancy and survival level after mastectomy depend on clinical stage of the disease (increase in the stage from the first to the third was characterized by decrease from 12.8 ± 9.5 to 9.4 ± 7.8 months), presence of angio/lymphatic invasions, presence of angiolymphatic invasion, but had no correlation with the size of the tumours. An important predictor of tumour-related death of dogs suffering neoplasias of the mammary glands is index vet-NPI, which has significant correlation with the clinical stage according to Owen and median survival. In particular, median survival in patients with the index lower than 4 exceeded the corresponding values in dogs with the index above 4 by 1.3 times. A promising direction of further research would be studying biological mechanisms of development of tumour emboli in the blood and lymph vessels, metastatic sites in lymph nodes, and also determining their role in pathogenesis of canine mammary tumours.
Elimination of the toxic effect of copper sulfate is accompanied by the normalization of liver function in fibrosis
Authors: Bozhkov A. I. , Bozhkov A. A. , Ponomarenko I. E. , Kurguzova N. I. , Akzhyhitov R. A. , Goltvyanskii A. V. , Klimova E. M. , Shapovalov S. O. 
Published: January 2022

The search for biologically active compounds that regulate liver function in fibrosis is an urgent medical and biological problem. A working hypothesis was tested, according to which low molecular weight biologically active compounds from Pleurotus ostreatus and Sacharamirses cerevisiae are capable of exerting immunomodulatory and antitoxic effects after intoxication of the body with ions of heavy metals, in particular copper sulfate. Elimination of the toxic effect caused by copper sulfate can also ensure the normalization of liver function in various pathologies, in particular with liver fibrosis. When determining toxicity, a study was carried out on Wistar rats, and when studying the effect of low molecular weight biologically active compounds on liver function, clinical trials were carried out on volunteers. The activity of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, actonitase and glutathione peroxidase, as well as the content of bilirubin and lipid hydroperoxides were determined. It was shown that preliminary administration of biologically active compounds to rats at a dose of 0.05 mL/100 g of body weight provided the formation in some animals (up to 80%) of resistance to the toxic effect of copper sulfate (dose 2.5 mg/100 g of body weight). Such stability is associated with a shift in the balance of “prooxidants-antioxidants” towards antioxidants. The data obtained in the clinic on volunteers with liver fibrosis and hepatitis also testify in favour of the membranotropic action of biologically active compounds. Biologically active compounds provided a decrease or complete restoration of the activity of transferases (ALT and AST) in the blood serum of these patients, with the exception of one patient out of 20 examined. Our experiment has shown the relationship between the elimination of toxicity to the action of copper sulfate and the normalization of liver function in patients. The results obtained indicate that it will be promising to use a complex of low molecular weight components from P. ostreatus and S. cerevisiae as an antidote and hepatoprotective agent.
Biological responses in Musca domestica to fipronil and chlorfenapyr exposures
Authors: Shumilova P. A. , Sennikova N. A. , Silivanova E. A. , Levchenko M. A. 
Published: January 2022

Insect populations exist under acute and chronic exposures to lethal and sublethal insecticide concentrations. Among the sublethal effects of insecticides on insects are reductions in life span, development rates, population growth, fertility, fecundity, changes in sex ratio, deformities, changes in behaviour, feeding, searching, and oviposition. These effects may differ depending on the modes of action of insecticides, their doses, and developmental stage of application. This study evaluated the life-history parameters in Musca domestica Linnaeus, 1758 (Diptera:Muscidae) strains that were exposed to two insecticides (fipronil and chlorfenapyr) with different modes of action at sublethal concentrations in each generation up to tenth. Two approaches to each insecticide’s exposure were used in this study, particularly in one approach, only adults M. domestica were exposed to fipronil or chlorfenapyr and in another approach, only larvae were exposed to each insecticide. The susceptibility of adult flies to these insecticides was assessed by resistance ratio based on results of non-choice feeding bioassays. Fipronil exposure at the sublethal concentration in each generation did not affect the susceptibility of adult M. domestica (in the tenth generation) to fipronil. The resistance ratio values revealed tolerance to chlorfenapyr in adults of M. domestica strains that were exposed to this insecticide, independent of the approach used to insecticide exposure. Most of the life-history parameters (such as durations of separate developmental stages, the emergence duration, the adult emergence ratio, the female ratio, and the number of eggs per female per day) of the second, fourth, sixth, eighth, and tenth generations of the insecticide-exposed strains were similar to those of the control strain. At the same time, the sublethal effects of both insecticides fipronil and chlorfenapyr prolonged the larval duration (1.63–2.22 times) and the number of days from egg to adult (1.18–1.39 times) compared to the control strain. Further studies are needed to investigate a possible genetic variability in M. domestica in response to exposure of parental generation to sublethal doses of fipronil and chlorfenapyr.