bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thermal-aware directional and adaptive routing algorithm for 3D network-on-chip
Authors: Kaleem Muhammad , Isnin Ismail Fauzi 
Published: July 2022

Due to the tier architecture <span lang="EN-US">of 3D network-on-chip (3D-NoC), reducing the thermal hotspot within the chip is challenging as a cooling mechanism that lies merely on the single side of a chip. High power density in 3D NoC is responsible for reliability degradation and thermal difficulties. Thermal-aware routing becomes substantial to handle thermal difficulties and diffusion of heat to the cooler regions. Thermal-aware routing focuses on bypassing hotspot areas by selecting cooler areas. Existing thermal-aware routing algorithms adopt slightly cooler but longer and extended paths, due to lack of ability to know the proximity of the destination's location, which aggravate thermal issues. This work presents a novel thermal-aware directional and adaptive routing algorithm. Objective of the proposed algorithm is to strive to find the best possible neighbour to reach closer to the proximity of the destination. The proposed algorithm can adaptively choose any suitable neighbour that can lead packets closer to the destination at each intermediate node. The performance of the proposed algorithm is evaluated and compared with existing thermal-aware routing algorithm in a simulator environment. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method outperformed its counterpart in terms of average delay with 11-26% improvement, total hop counts with 8-24% reduction under various traffic conditions and improvement in overall thermal profiling of the chip.</span>
Cluster-based fuzzy regression trees for software cost prediction
Authors: Najm Assia , Zakrani Abdelali , Marzak Abdelaziz 
Published: July 2022

The current paper <span lang="EN-US">proposes a novel type of decision tree, which is never used for software development cost prediction (SDCP) purposes, the cluster-based fuzzy regression tree (CFRT). This model uses the fuzzy k-means (FKM), which deals with data uncertainty and imprecision. The tree expansion is based on the variability measure by choosing the node with the highest value of granulation diversity. This paper outlined an experimental study comparing CFRT with four SDCP methods, notably linear regression, multi-layer perceptron, K-nearest-neighbors, and classification and regression trees (CART), employing eight datasets and the leave-one-out cross-validation (LOOCV). The results show that CFRT is among the best, ranked first in 3 datasets according to four accuracy measures. Also, according to the Pred(25%) values, the proposed CFRT model outperformed all the twelve compared techniques in four datasets: Albrecht, constructive cost model (COCOMO), Desharnais, and The International Software Benchmarking Standards Group (ISBSG) using LOOCV and 30-fold cross-validation technique.</span>
A novel approach for grounding resistance estimation
Authors: Bhosale Meghna , Karandikar Parashuram B. , Karkaria Vispi , Kulkarni Neelima R. 
Published: July 2022

Grounding <span>is crucial to achieving equipment and personnel protection. This paper presents input-output pair-based modeling using the response surface method and artificial neural network to predict earth resistance for novel factors associated with grounding. The effect of various types of cone-shaped earth electrodes, charcoal size, and industrial waste metal fibers on earth resistance is investigated for the first time. The experimental trials are carried out in a scaled down manner. Artificial neural network and response surface method are used as investigatory tool for parametric variation. Artificial neural network model predicts earth resistance with more accuracy as compared to response surface method. These methods are found to be very effective in prediction of earth resistance of grounding system which is complex in nature.</span>
The application YAG:Ce3+@SiO2 phosphor for improving color deviation of phosphor-converted light-emitting diode
Authors: Binh Ly Thanh , Xuan Le Phan 
Published: July 2022

The yellow phosphor Y<sub>3</sub>Al<sub>5</sub>O<sub>12</sub>:Ce<sup>3+ </sup>(YAG:Ce<sup>3+</sup>), which sees its most popular use in <span>white light-emitting diode (</span>wLEDs), possess an optical spectrum that lacks the red element. The following article will propose a fresh solution for this problem, which involves adjusting the properties of Ce<sup>3+ </sup>spectrum by using exterior dye particles of ATTO-Rho101, possessing dramatic, wide absorption within the zone of green-yellow spectrum of Ce<sup>3+</sup> emission and significant release of the red element. The globular YAG:Ce<sup>3+</sup>, which is micrometer and nanometer in size with significant dispersion (micro/nano-YAG:Ce<sup>3+</sup>) was created by employing an altered solvothermal technique. The YAG:Ce<sup>3+</sup> produced by said technique, along with the heated micro-YAG:Ce<sup>3+</sup> and commercial phosphors, were exteriorly covered with SiO<sub>2</sub> and immersed in dye at the same time. Effective radiant transmission/reabsorption from Ce<sup>3+</sup> within the YAG’s internal bowel to the dye particles of the exterior hull of SiO<sub>2</sub>, regardless of the phosphors’ size, was displayed in the YAG: Ce<sup>3+</sup>@SiO<sub>2</sub>+ dye powder amassed over the stimulation of the light of blue, which boosted the red element of it. The fluorescent microscope was considered an effective device intended for detecting the reabsorption event in grinded substances.
Potential development of an optical sensor to determine the quality of heated palm cooking oil
Authors: Salleh Wan Shafiq , Shaipuzaman Nurulain , Najib Muhd Sharfi , Salim Mohd Rashidi , Manap Hadi 
Published: July 2022

Palm oil is an <span>edible vegetable oil yielded from the mesocarp of the palm oil’s fruit. It is commonly used as cooking oil as compared to other cooking oil such as olive or coconut oil because it is inexpensive and has high oxidative stability when used for frying. However, after frequent frying, the oil undergoes some physical and chemical reactions which affect the quality. This leads to the formation of compound that is dangerous to human body which is called free fatty acid (FFA). Therefore, a measurement device needs to be developed to determine the quality of heated cooking oil. In this paper, a spectroscopy study using an open-path method which focus on the palm cooking oil is proposed to examine the reaction of palm oil upon prolonged heating process. Open-path method is a technique where the incident beam will travel through the sample (palm oil) before it is detected by a spectrometer. The result shows that the FFA samples have the optimum absorbance peak at the UV wavelength 339.15 nm and each prolonged heated oil show different absorbance value. Hence, there is a potential to develop an optical sensor to determine the quality of the heated cooking oil.</span>
The effects of SiO2@Y2O2S:Eu3+ phosphor on the optic characteristics of white light-emitting diodes
Authors: Liem Bui Van , Xuan Le Phan 
Published: July 2022

The study <span>investigated the effectiveness of coating silica nanoparticles (SiO<sub>2</sub>) and resin-silica nanocomposites poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA)-silicaover the surface of Y<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>S:Eu<sup>3+</sup> red phosphors. The purpose of this surface coating is to enhance the optical properties, including the photoluminescence (PL) and long-term stability, of Y<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>S:Eu<sup>3+</sup>. Two methods used to coat the phosphor with 5-mm silica nanoparticles are dip-coating and sol-gel (Stöber) methods. SiO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles were formed via hydrolysis and condensation reactions, while radical polymerization was performed to fabricate the poly (1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone). The Y<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>S:Eu<sup>3+ </sup>surface coating of PMMA-silica composite was performed via two reactions. One is the reaction of SiO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles with methyl methacrylate (MMA) monomer, and the other is MMA-tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) reaction. The results showed that by using the latter method, Y<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>S:Eu<sup>3+</sup> yielded better PL and long-term stability. Additionally, surface coating with the PMMA-SiO<sub>2</sub> nanocomposite using the second technique resulted in 5% enhancement in PL and stabilized the cathode luminescence (CL) intensity of Y<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>S:Eu<sup>3+</sup>, compared to those properties of uncoated Y<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>S:Eu<sup>3+</sup> phosphor particles.</span>
Effect of chaos factor in radiation pattern in planner antenna arrays with chaos adaptive invasive weed optimization
Authors: Rajitha Datla , Karunakar Godi 
Published: July 2022

For mobile <span>communication and spatial detection of antennas should have high directive radiation pattern, in this context pattern synthesis of planar circular antenna arrays is highly significant such design has been done inverse weed optimization. The basic objective e is to study invasive weed optimization in compression with modified chaotic adaptive invasive weed optimization. The focus of the study is the effect of chaotic factors suitable for sinusoidal mapping for chaos as applicable to the context of the design of antennas. Taking various numbers of elements of the antenna and the distance between the antenna’s radiation patterns are studied by varying chaos factors through MATLAB programming. It is found that the critical point of 2.3 for chaos factor makes the map enter into phase of chaos prior to the critical point is a phase of periodicity starting with chaos factor of 2. Below this value there is no chaos but a phase of convergence. These phases are useful having a trade of convergence and chaos. By varying the factor of chaos the impact on the radiation factor of non-uniform planar antennas has been found to give phases of convergence of chaos which are essential for making trade of between exploitation and exploration required in optimization.</span>
Color-adjustable phosphors Sr4La(PO4)3O:Ce3+,Tb3+,Mn2+ impact on luminescence of white light-emitting diodes
Authors: Nguyen Thi My Hanh , Xuan Le Phan 
Published: July 2022

<span>We used the ceramic approach to synthesize a sequence of Sr<sub>4</sub>La(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub>O:Ce<sup>3+</sup>,Tb<sup>3+</sup>,Mn<sup>2+</sup> within our study. Especially, the attributes of Sr<sub>4</sub>La(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub>O that were extensively investigate are luminous characteristics, thermal stableness, and energy transfering from Ce<sup>3+</sup> to Tb<sup>3 </sup>and Mn<sup>2+</sup>.Through energy transfer, sensitizer Ce<sup>3+</sup> ions can considerably boost the fragile green radiation from Tb<sup>3+</sup> and red radiation from Mn<sup>2+</sup>. The color of the radiation can be changed by adjusting the Ce<sup>3+</sup>/Tb<sup>3+</sup> and Ce<sup>3+</sup>/Mn<sup>2+</sup> ion ratios. The Sr<sub>4</sub>La(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub>O: 0.12Ce<sup>3+</sup>, 0.3Mn<sup>2+</sup> specimen produced white light having hue coordinates of (0.3326, 0.3298). <span>According to this result, it shows that</span> Sr<sub>4</sub>La(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub>O:Ce<sup>3+</sup>,Tb<sup>3+</sup>,Mn<sup>2+</sup> might be used in white <span>light-emitting diodes (WLEDs).</span></span>
Application of (Ca1-xSrx)LaGa3S6O:Eu2+ phosphor in white light-emitting fabrication
Authors: Nguyen Thi Dieu An , Xuan Le Phan 
Published: July 2022

<span>An alternating sequence of Ca<sub>1-x</sub>Sr<sub>x</sub>LaGa<sub>3</sub>S<sub>6</sub>O:0.05Eu<sup>2+</sup> phosphors was produced using high-thermal and solid-state reactions. It has outstanding excitations at the range between 350 and 500 nm suitable for the close-ultraviolet or GaN-based blue LED chips. These phosphor peaks have a blue shift between 560 and 540 nm when the Sr concentration (x) rises. The Sr content (x) can be modified to produce an illumination with a color between yellow and green. As a result, we can conclude that solid solutions Ca<sub>1-x</sub>Sr<sub>x</sub>LaGa<sub>3</sub>S<sub>6</sub>O:0.05Eu<sup>2+ </sup>are excellent for use in manufacturing white LEDs. Our data may become valuable for producers in the task of making <span>white light emitting diode (</span>WLED) devices suitable for them.</span>
Utilizing a strait-range green phosphor γ-AlON:Mn,Mg for the task of achieving a super-broad hue gamut display
Authors: Nguyen Thi My Hanh , Xuan Le Phan 
Published: July 2022

<span><span>The screen backlighting produced by green β-sialon:Eu, as well as red K<sub>2</sub>SiF<sub>6</sub>:Mn phosphors, have an extremely expansive hue gamut that encompasses the majority of the </span></span>national television system committee <span>(NTSC) triangle. For our research, a substitute phosphor in green would be probed in terms of improving the screen hue range even further. The phosphor γ-AlON:Mn,Mg appears to be green in color with a smaller radiation band of colors than sharp β-silaon:Eu. By replacing γ-AlON:Mn,Mg with β-sialon:Eu, the screen hue range in the blue-green area is significantly expanded. In both the CIE 1931 and CIE 1976 hue spaces, the hue range of screens with γ-AlON:Mn,Mg, and K<sub>2</sub>SiF<sub>6</sub>:Mn entirely surpasses the NTSC benchmark. Furthermore, the stability of LEDs emit white light using γ-AlON:Mn,Mg appears to be similar to LEDs that utilize β-sialon:Eu.</span>
The enhancement of the dual-layer phosphorus configuration in color uniformity and luminous flux of a light emitting diode
Authors: Dang Huu Phuc , Ton That Phung , Xuan Le Phan 
Published: July 2022

<span><span>A solid-state process was used to generate the green phosphor Ca<sub>3</sub>Si<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>N<sub>2</sub>:Eu<sup>2+</sup>. The luminescence characteristics, dispersed reflection spectra, and heat quenching were investigated initially, followed by the </span></span>white light emitting diodes (wLED’s) manufacture by the Eu2+ stimulated Ca<sub>3</sub>Si<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>N<sub>2</sub> phosphor. Based on the concentration of ion Eu<sup>2+</sup>, a wide green emission range localized between 510 and 550 nm was seen in Eu<sup>2+</sup> -doped Ca3Si2O4N2. In Ca<sub>3</sub>Si<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>N<sub>2</sub>, the best doping concentration of Eu<sup>2+</sup> was 1 mol%. An electric multipolar interaction process conveys energy among Eu<sup>2+</sup> ions, with a necessary conversion distance of around 30.08 Å. Blending a near-ultraviolet (n-UV) light emitting diodes (LED) which has a GaN basis (380 nm) with the blue BaMgAl<sub>10</sub>O<sub>17</sub>:Eu<sup>2+</sup>, the green Ca<sub>3</sub>Si<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>N<sub>2</sub>:Eu<sup>2+</sup>, and the red Ca<sub>3</sub>Si<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>N<sub>2</sub>:Eu<sup>2+ </sup>phosphors yielded a wLED with a 88.25 color-rendering indice Ra at 6029 K correlating color temperature. Ca<sub>3</sub>Si<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>N<sub>2</sub>:Eu<sup>2+ </sup>appears to be a promising option to apply as a converting phosphor in wLED applications.
Routing protocols for hybrid wireless networks: a brief review
Authors: Husam Mahdi Miaad , Adel Ibrahim Ibrahim 
Published: July 2022

Hybrid <span>wireless networks (HWNs) are resulted from the integration of a mobile Ad hoc networks (MANET) and an infrastructure wireless networks. These networks have received increasing interest from researchers for their superior performance and reliability. Packet routing protocols in hybrid wireless networks are important to increase the capacity and scalability of these networks, therefore, several routing protocols have been proposed. Routing protocols in HWNs are designed and implemented from combining <span>the cellular transmission mode with the Ad hoc transmission mode. To route a message to the intended recipient of the sender, hybrid wireless networks use multi-hop technology. However, the source node needs relay nodes, which may be either adjacent nodes or base stations depending on set of parameters like bandwidth, load balancing, or the nearest node. This paper explores routing protocols for hybrid wireless networks and the techniques to enhance the security, performance, and capacity of these routing protocols.</span></span>
A novel singular value decomposition-based ultra wide band time-of-arrival estimation for multiple targets
Authors: Yassine Nouali Ibrahim , Slimane Zohra , Abdelmalek Abdelhafid 
Published: July 2022

It is widely <span>admitted that the estimation of ultra wide band (UWB) time-of-arrival (TOA) for multiple targets in indoor multipath channels is a very challenging task. The existing algorithms deal with a limited number of targets and require a complex exchange of several messages. In this paper, a novel TOA estimation algorithm for multiple targets is developed. The proposed algorithm estimates the first path (FP) TOA of a number of targets without exchanging messages or using collision avoidance techniques. As a first step, the singular value decomposition (SVD) is employed to extract the first path (FP) of each target and then a matched filter, followed by an iterative threshold crossing algorithm, is used to determine the number of targets and the corresponding FP TOAs. The simulation results with four targets, using the CM1 IEEE 802.15.4a channel model, showed that the proposed novel algorithm can effectively detect the FP of each target and estimate its corresponding TOA.</span>
Design a sturdy and secure authentication scheme capable of early detection of COVID-19 patients using WBANs
Authors: Aldarwish Abdulla J. Y. , A. Yassin Ali , Mohammed Rashid Abdullah , Alasadi Hamid Ali Abed , Adel Yaseen Aqeel , Thabet Khalid Eman 
Published: July 2022

<p>COVID-19 was first reported in China Wuhan and rapidly grown up to more than 58 countries based on the World Health Organization (WHO). Well ahead of any health emergency, the health care server has the ability to access these data via authorization and then s/he performs necessary actions. In order to protect medical data from malicious activities, authentication is the starting point for this. Authentication systems represent a network support factor to reduce ineffective users and radically eliminate phishing because authentication determines the identity of the real user. Many schemes and technologies have been suggested for authentication in wireless body area networks (WBANs). In this paper, we suggest a strong dynamic password authentication system for WBANs. We adopt a (different/new) way to calculate a password and make it coherent and dynamic for each login session. Our work also provides additional security properties to get rid of hub node impersonation attacks and resolve key escrow issues. Our scheme resist fishing attach which keep patient from any illegal change of drugs. By comparison, the proposed scheme is considered active and has strong security based on formal security analysis tools such as AVISPA.</p>
Detecting face mask using eigenfaces and vanilla neural networks
Authors: Sharma Raghav , Krishnakumar Shridevi S. , Seshan Abishek , Rajotia Manan 
Published: July 2022

Coronavirus has <span>become one of the most deadly pandemics in 2021. Starting in 2019, this virus is now a significant medical issue all over the world. It is spreading extensively because of its modes of transmission. The virus spreads directly, indirectly, or through close contact with infected people. It is proclaimed that people should wear a mask in public areas as a counteraction measure, as it helps in suppressing transmission. A portion of the spaces, where the virus has broadly fanned out, is because of inappropriate wearing of facial cover. In crowded areas, keeping a check on facial masks manually is difficult. To automate this process, an effective and robust face mask detector is required. This paper discusses a hybrid approach using a machine learning technique called eigenfaces, along with vanilla neural networks. The accuracy was compared for three different values of principal components. The test accuracy achieved was 0.87 for 64 components, 0.987 for 512 components, and 0.989 for 1,000 components. Hence, this approach proved to be more promising and efficient than its counters.</span>
Enhancement Of Gale-Shapley algorithm with imbalanced sets for hiring and job finding applications
Authors: D. Mendoza Arnin Aaron , Barbosa Leila Jorg C. , A. Cortez Dan Michael , M. Dioses Raymund , A. Agustin Vivien , C. Regala Richard 
Published: July 2022

In this paper, <span>we discuss a modification to the Gale Shapley algorithm in this study. We concentrated on how the modified algorithm would operate if the data sets for men and women were not equal. We showed how to measure the average energies of men and women with equal and unequal sets, how the new design of the algorithm will benefit both parties by duplicating sets of data to fill the unequal sets of data, resulting in an equal set of pairings, and how to measure the average energies of men and women of the new algorithm in this paper. Having stated that, each couple will have a stable partner and/or will be queued to the algorithm's suggested stable partner.</span>
Comparison of principal component analysis and ANFIS to improve EEVE Laboratory energy use prediction performance
Authors: Desmira Desmira , Abu Bakar Norazhar , Wiryadinata Romi , Abi Hamid Mustofa , Kholifah Nur , Nurtanto Muhammad 
Published: July 2022

The energy use that is in <span lang="EN-US">excess of practicum students’ needs and the disturbed comfort that the practicum students experience when conducting practicums in the Electrical eengineering vocational education (EEVE) laboratory. The main objective in this study was to figure out how to predict and streamline the use of electrical energy in the EEVE laboratory. The model used to achieve this research’s goal was called the adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) model, which was coupled with principal component analysis (PCA) feature selection. The use of PCA in data grouping performance aims to improve the performance of the ANFIS model when predicting energy needs in accordance with the standards set by the campus while still taking students’ confidence in conducting practicum activities during campus operating hours into consideration. After some experiments and tests, very good results were obtained in the training: R=1 in training; minimum RMSE=0.011900; epoch of 100 per iteration; and R=0.37522. In conclusion, the ANFIS model coupled with PCA feature selection was excellent at predicting energy needs in the laboratory while the comfort of the students during practicums in the room remained within consideration.</span>
A recommendation system of training data selection method for cross-project defect prediction
Authors: Sinaga Benyamin Langgu , Ahmad Sabrina , Abas Zuraida Abal , A. Jalil Intan Ermahani 
Published: July 2022

Cross-project <span lang="EN-US">defect prediction (CPDP) has been a popular approach to address the limited historical dataset when building a defect prediction model. Directly applying cross-project datasets to learn the prediction model produces an unsatisfactory predictive model. Therefore, the selection of training data is essential. Many studies have examined the effectiveness of training data selection methods, and the best-performing method varied across datasets. While no method consistently outperformed the others across all datasets, predicting the best method for a specific dataset is essential. This study proposed a recommendation system to select the most suitable training data selection method in the CPDP setting. We evaluated the proposed system using 44 datasets, 13 training data selection methods, and six classification algorithms. The findings concluded that the recommendation system effectively recommends the best method to select training data.</span>