bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Needle tract seeding after endoscopic ultrasound‐guided tissue acquisition of pancreatic tumors: Nationwide survey in Japan
Authors: Kitano Masayuki , Yoshida Makoto , Ashida Reiko , Kita Emiri , Katanuma Akio , Itoi Takao , Mikata Rintaro , Nishikawa Kenichiro , Matsubayashi Hiroyuki , Takayama Yukiko , Kato Hironari , Takenaka Mamoru , Ueki Toru , Kawashima Yohei , Nakai Yousuke , Hashimoto Shinichi , Shigekawa Minoru , Nebiki Hiroko , Tsumura Hidetaka , Okabe Yosinobu , Ryozawa Shomei , Harada Yoshiyuki , Mitoro Akira , Sasaki Tamito , Yasuda Hiroaki , Miura Natsuki , Ikemoto Tetsuya , Ozawa Eisuke , Shioji Kazuhiko , Yamaguchi Atsushi , Okuzono Toru , Moriyama Ichiro , Hisai Hiroyuki , Fujita Koichi , Goto Takuma , Shirahata Nakao , Iwata Yoshinori , Okabe Yoshihiro , Hara Kazuo , Hashimoto Yusuke , Kuwatani Masaki , Isayama Hiroyuki , Fujimori Nao , Masamune Atsushi , Hatamaru Keiichi , Shimokawa Toshio , Okazaki Kazuichi , Takeyama Yoshifumi , Yamaue Hiroki ,   Committee of Clinical Research, Japan Pancreas Society
Published: May 2022

ObjectivesEndoscopic ultrasound‐guided tissue acquisition (EUS‐TA) plays a crucial role in the diagnosis of pancreatic tumors. The present study aimed to investigate the current status of needle tract seeding (NTS) after EUS‐TA of pancreatic tumors based on a nationwide survey in Japan.MethodsPatients who underwent surgical resection of primary pancreatic tumors after EUS‐TA performed between April 2010 and March 2018 were surveyed. The incidence rates of NTS were determined, and compared in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDACs) and other tumors, and in patients who underwent transgastric and transduodenal EUS‐TA of PDACs. The detailed features and prognosis of patients with NTS were also assessed.ResultsA total of 12,109 patients underwent surgical resection of primary pancreatic tumors after EUS‐TA. The overall incidence rate of NTS was 0.330%, and the NTS rate was significantly higher in patients with PDAC than in those with other tumors (0.409% vs. 0.071%, P = 0.004). NTS was observed in 0.857% of patients who underwent transgastric EUS‐TA, but in none of those who underwent transduodenal EUS‐TA. Of the patients with NTS of PDACs, the median time from EUS‐TA to occurrence of NTS and median patient survival were 19.3 and 44.7 months, respectively, with 97.4% of NTS located in the gastric wall and 65.8% of NTS resected. The patient survival was significantly longer in patients who underwent NTS resection than in those without NTS resection (P = 0.037).ConclusionsNeedle tract seeding appeared only after transgastric not after transduodenal EUS‐TA. Careful follow‐up provides an opportunity to remove localized NTS lesions by gastrectomy.
Polatuzumab vedotin plus bendamustine and rituximab in patients with relapsed/refractory diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma in the real world
Authors: Vodicka Prokop , Benesova Katerina , Janikova Andrea , Prochazka Vit , Belada David , Mocikova Heidi , Steinerova Katerina , Duras Juraj , Karban Josef , Hanackova Veronika , Sykorova Alice , Obr Ales , Trneny Marek 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectivesPolatuzumab vedotin with bendamustine and rituximab (Pola‐BR) was approved for treatment of transplant‐ineligible patients with relapsed/refractory DLBCL (R/R DLBCL). However, the number of patients treated in the GO29365 trial including the extension cohort was limited, and more data evaluating the efficacy of this treatment regimen is needed.MethodsWe analyzed 21 patients with R/R DLBCL to determine real‐life efficacy and safety of Pola‐BR regimen. Data of all patients entered the database of the NiHiL project (NCT03199066).ResultsMedian overall survival was 8.7 months, and progression‐free survival 3.8 months. The overall response rate was 33%. Grade 3–4 neutropenia was detected in 29%, thrombocytopenia in 38%, anemia in 19%, infections in 24% cases, and peripheral neuropathy in 5%. Discontinuation of treatment was caused by progression in 50%, adverse events in 31%, and intended bridging to CAR‐T therapy in 19%.ConclusionAlthough the outcome of patients is worse than in GO29365 trial, the use of Pola‐BR regimen in the real world demonstrates tolerable toxicity profile and efficacy in transplant‐ineligible patients with R/R DLBCL. Moreover, this regimen might represent a perspective option as a bridge to CAR‐T therapy.
Can there be a feature‐placing language?
Authors: Filcheva Krasimira 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe aim of this article is to argue against the real possibility of languages without subject‐predicate structure, so‐called feature‐placing languages. They were first introduced by Strawson (1959/1990), later given formal expression through Quine's Predicate Functor Logic (Quine, 1960, Quine, 1971/Quine, 1976, Quine, 1992), and further elaboration in (Hawthorne & Cortens, 1995). I argue that, on the presumption that feature‐placing languages are not mere notational variants on first‐order languages, the idea of such languages is incoherent. The argument for this view rests on two highly plausible views about the conditions for the possibility of sentential meaning in natural languages. If accepted, these two views jointly imply that the sentences of feature‐placing languages lack sufficient internal structure to meet the conditions for sentential meaning. Feature‐placing languages cannot then count as genuine languages.
Methodology for classification and definition of epilepsy syndromes with list of syndromes: Report of the ILAE Task Force on Nosology and Definitions
Authors: Wirrell Elaine C. , Nabbout Rima , Scheffer Ingrid E. , Alsaadi Taoufik , Bogacz Alicia , French Jacqueline A. , Hirsch Edouard , Jain Satish , Kaneko Sunao , Riney Kate , Samia Pauline , Snead O. Carter , Somerville Ernest , Specchio Nicola , Trinka Eugen , Zuberi Sameer M. , Balestrini Simona , Wiebe Samuel , Cross J. Helen , Perucca Emilio , Moshé Solomon L. , Tinuper Paolo 
Published: May 2022

AbstractEpilepsy syndromes have been recognized for >50 years, as distinct electroclinical phenotypes with therapeutic and prognostic implications. Nonetheless, no formally accepted International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) classification of epilepsy syndromes has existed. The ILAE Task Force on Nosology and Definitions was established to reach consensus regarding which entities fulfilled criteria for an epilepsy syndrome and to provide definitions for each syndrome. We defined an epilepsy syndrome as “a characteristic cluster of clinical and electroencephalographic features, often supported by specific etiological findings (structural, genetic, metabolic, immune, and infectious).” The diagnosis of a syndrome in an individual with epilepsy frequently carries prognostic and treatment implications. Syndromes often have age‐dependent presentations and a range of specific comorbidities. This paper describes the guiding principles and process for syndrome identification in both children and adults, and the template of clinical data included for each syndrome. We divided syndromes into typical age at onset, and further characterized them based on seizure and epilepsy types and association with developmental and/or epileptic encephalopathy or progressive neurological deterioration. Definitions for each specific syndrome are contained within the corresponding position papers.
Study on small crack growth behavior of laser powder bed fused Ti6Al4V alloy
Authors: Wu Liangliang , Jiao Zehui , Yu Huichen 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe small fatigue crack growth (FCG) behavior in Ti6Al4V alloy manufactured by selective laser melting (SLM) was experimentally investigated on an in situ fatigue testing machine. A semi‐elliptical artificial defect was introduced into the specimen to simulate the pore defects induced during additive manufacturing (AM) process. The results indicated that the fatigue life was mainly consumed in the small FCG stage. The FCG rate was significantly affected by microstructure at the early small FCG stage with great fluctuations. With the increase of crack length, the effect of microstructure decreased. Compared with long crack growth data, it was found that small crack can still grow below the threshold value of long crack, and at the same stress intensity factor (SIF) ΔK, the FCG rate of small crack was higher than that of long crack. Therefore, the small crack growth behavior should be considered in fatigue life prediction for SLM Ti6Al4V.
Condition‐dependent immune function in a freshwater snail revealed by stable isotopes
Authors: Seppälä Otto , Yohannes Elizabeth , Salo Tiina 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

The immune system is costly to maintain and use because it requires a lot of energy. This can make parasite resistance dependent on host nutritional state. The dependence of immune function on host condition can have broad ecological (e.g., disease dynamics) and evolutionary (e.g., expression of trade‐offs related to parasite resistance) consequences.

Research on the dependence of immune function on host condition is typically conducted in laboratory experiments that manipulate either the quantity or composition of available resources. Such studies are essential in establishing conceptual frameworks, but their results are difficult to generalise to natural populations because the experimental treatments may deviate from natural variation in host resource level and use.

We examined the condition dependence of immune function in a generalist freshwater snail Lymnaea stagnalis by relating the activity of two immune parameters of snail haemolymph, phenoloxidase (PO)‐like and antibacterial activity, to snail resource level and use using field‐collected individuals. We measured several variables that reflect the snails’ quality based on their recent (i.e., within the past few days; amount and stable isotope composition [δ15N and δ13C] of produced faeces) and longer‐term (i.e., weeks to months; stable isotope composition of tissues) resource use.

The PO‐like activity of the snails’ haemolymph was condition‐dependent. Snails that had recently consumed food from higher trophic levels, presumably including more animal protein (high δ15N values of faeces), had a stronger defence. Additionally, snails with low energy (i.e., lipid) reserves in their tissues (high δ13C values of tissues) showed higher PO‐like activity. The antibacterial activity of the snails’ haemolymph was not condition dependent.

The finding of the importance of the composition of recently consumed food on immune function (namely PO‐like activity) suggests that the parasite resistance of snails may change rapidly depending on the type of resources available in their environment. Thus, environmental variation may influence the outcome of host–parasite interactions on fine spatial and temporal scales. Furthermore, the negative relationship between the snails’ energy reserves and PO‐like activity suggests substantial energetic costs of immune activity in L. stagnalis.
Risk stratification of adolescents for the screening of non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Abrams Gary A. , Ware Deanna , Byrne Margaret M. , Hecht Eric M. 
Published: May 2022

SummaryBackgroundNon‐alcoholic fatty liver conditions in adolescence are associated with premature mortality in adulthood. Effective screening could impact the population burden of this disease.ObjectivesWe sought to determine which adolescents should be screened for non‐alcoholic fatty liver using vibration‐controlled transient elastography.MethodsWe simulated a non‐alcoholic fatty liver screening program of 938 adolescents from the National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey of 2017/2018. We stratified subjects by body mass index and metabolic parameters and analyzed our data using standard diagnostic statistical measures.ResultsThe weighted prevalence of non‐alcoholic fatty liver and non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease was 24.4%, and 3.8%, respectively. For all subjects with obesity (21.8% of the population), screening identified 61.8% of the non‐alcoholic fatty liver cases. In a category of all subjects with obesity and overweight subjects with metabolic abnormalities (26.7% of the population), screening identified 71.2% of non‐alcoholic fatty liver cases.ConclusionsThe two groups most likely to benefit by transient elastography screening are adolescents with obesity and overweight adolescents with one metabolic abnormality. These criteria reduce the number of individuals to be tested by approximately 80% (from an approximate 32 million adolescents to 6–7.5 million adolescents), while retaining a diagnostic accuracy of 84%–85%.
SLOSS‐based inferences in a fragmented landscape depend on fragment area and species–area slope
Authors: Liu Jinliang , MacDonald Zachary G. , Si Xingfeng , Wu Lingbing , Zeng Di , Hu Guang , Ding Ping , Yu Mingjian 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAimsWhether a Single Large Or Several Small (SLOSS) habitat patches contain more species is central to the debate about how habitat fragmentation threatens species diversity. However, the geographical and biogeographical variables that affect emergent SLOSS patterns remain poorly understood. Here, we quantified SLOSS‐based diversity patterns of woody plant, bird and spider assemblages in a subtropical archipelago of land bridge islands.LocationThousand Island Lake, Zhejiang Province, China.TaxonWoody plants, birds and spiders.MethodsWe analysed species accumulation curves and species–area relationships (SARs) to quantify SLOSS‐based patterns of all, common and rare species for each taxon across different groupings of islands. Differences in the number of species between a single large island and sets of several small islands were measured in these analyses using a Saturation index (SI) and SLOSS index. Generalized additive models were used to assess the relationships between SI and SLOSS index values and the maximum area of islands included in the analysis, the slope of SARs (i.e. z‐score) and the degree of nestedness.ResultsSI values increased with the maximum area of islands for three taxa, while SLOSS index values only increased with the maximum island area for woody plants. SI values increased as z‐scores of woody plants decreased, and showed a quadratic relationship for birds and spiders. SLOSS index values decreased as z‐scores of three taxa increased. The degree of nestedness and SI values or SLOSS index values were weakly correlated with all, rare and common species in the three taxa.Main conclusionsSLOSS‐based inferences of fragmentation effects are contingent on variation in the maximum area of patches included in analyses and the slope of SARs in fragmentated landscapes. Whether conservation efforts should prioritize a single large or several small patches depends on the geographical (e.g. maximum fragment area) and biogeographical (e.g. slope of SAR) attributes of a fragmentated landscape.
Incredible affinity of Kattosh with PPAR‐γ receptors attenuates STZ‐induced pancreas and kidney lesions evidenced in chemicobiological interactions
Authors: Rashid Md. Mamunur , Rahman Md. Atiar , Islam Md. Shahidul , Hossen Md. Amjad , Reza A. S. M. Ali , Ahmed A. M. Abu , Alnajeebi Afnan M. , Babteen Nouf Abubakr , Khan Mala , Aboelenin Salama Mostafa , Soliman Mohamed Mohamed , Habib Alaa H. , Alharbi Hend F. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSince ancient times, plants have been used as green bioresources to ensure a healthier life by recovering from different diseases. Kattosh (Lasia spinosa L. Thwaites) is a local plant with various traditional uses, especially for arthritis, constipation and coughs. This research investigated the effect of Kattosh stem extract (LSES) on streptozotocin‐induced damage to the pancreas, kidney, and liver using in vitro, in vivo and in silico methods. In vitro phytochemical, antioxidative and anti‐inflammatory effects of LSES were accomplished by established methods followed by antidiabetic actions in in vivo randomized controlled intervention in STZ‐induced animal models for four weeks. In an in silico study, LSES phytocompounds interacted with antidiabetic receptors of peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor‐gamma (PPAR, PDB ID: 3G9E), AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK, PDB ID: 4CFH) and α‐amylase enzyme (PDB ID: 1PPI) to verify the in vivo results. In addition, LSES showed promising in vitro antioxidative and anti‐inflammatory effects. In contrast, it showed a decrease in weekly blood glucose level, normalized lipid profile, ameliorated liver and cardiac markers, managed serum AST and ALT levels, and increased glucose tolerance ability in the animal model study. Restoration of pancreatic and kidney damage was reflected by improving histopathological images. In ligand–receptor interaction, ethyl α‐d‐glucopyranoside of Kattosh showed the highest affinity for the α‐amylase enzyme, PPAR, and AMPK receptors. Results demonstrate that the affinity of Kattosh phytocompounds potentially attenuates pancreatic and kidney lesions and could be approached as an alternative antidiabetic source with further clarification.
Evaluating diagnostic performance of Truenat MTB Plus for gastrointestinal tuberculosis
Authors: Sharma Kusum , Sharma Megha , Sharma Vishal , Sharma Megha , Samanta Jayanta , Sharma Aman , Kochhar Rakesh , Sinha Saroj Kant 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackground and AimPrompt and accurate diagnosis of gastrointestinal tuberculosis (GITB) along with simultaneous detection of drug resistance is inevitable for tuberculosis elimination. Truenat MTB Plus (TruPlus), a chip‐based real‐time polymerase chain reaction assay, was evaluated for the first time for diagnosing GITB and detecting rifampicin resistance.MethodsFifty ileocecal biopsy specimens (5 microbiologically confirmed GITB [culture‐positive], 25 clinically confirmed GITB [culture‐negative], and 20 control patients) processed in the Department of Microbiology between 2011 and 2021 were subjected to TruPlus assay, Xpert MTB RIF assay multiplex polymerase chain reaction. Their performance was evaluated against both culture and composite reference standard.ResultsThe overall sensitivity and specificity of TruPlus in diagnosing GITB was 70% (21/30) and 100%, respectively. The sensitivity was 60% (3/5) for microbiologically confirmed cases and 72% (18/25) for clinically confirmed cases. Performance of TruPlus was superior to Xpert (sensitivity = 30%; P = 0.001) and comparable with MPCR (sensitivity = 83.33%; P = 0.13). Both TruPlus and MPCR had moderate agreement with reference standards, and MPCR detected additional three cases. Both TruPlus and Xpert correctly reported Rifampicin resistance in three cases.ConclusionsTruPlus, with its greater portability and higher sensitivity than Xpert, could serve as an important tool for diagnosing GITB and rifampicin resistance at outreach endemic areas.
Do Firms Respond to Gender Pay Gap Transparency?
Authors: BENNEDSEN MORTEN , SIMINTZI ELENA , TSOUTSOURA MARGARITA , WOLFENZON DANIEL 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACTWe examine the effect of pay transparency on the gender pay gap and firm outcomes. Using a 2006 legislation change in Denmark that requires firms to provide gender‐disaggregated wage statistics, detailed employee‐employer administrative data, and difference‐in‐differences and difference‐in‐discontinuities designs, we find that the law reduces the gender pay gap, primarily by slowing wage growth for male employees. The gender pay gap declines by 2 percentage points, or 13% relative to the prelegislation mean. Despite the reduction of the overall wage bill, the wage transparency mandate does not affect firm profitability, likely because of the offsetting effect of reduced firm productivity.
Development of the Spiritual Harm and Abuse Scale
Authors: Koch Daniel , Edstrom Leihua 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Both religiosity and spirituality have been shown to have positive effects on multiple aspects of well‐being, mental health, and healing. Religiosity and spirituality are also positive mediating factors in healing from abuse broadly. Religious or spiritual abuse has the capacity for harming one's religiosity and/or spirituality. When abuse occurs in a religious setting, it has the effect of making it less likely that religion and/or spirituality can be used as a coping strategy to heal from that very abuse. Little is known about the underlying factors that constitute the larger concept of spiritual abuse. A total of 66 survey prompts were pulled from the existing quantitative and qualitative literature on spiritual abuse, focusing on both external events and internal states that often result from spiritual abuse. Exploratory factor analysis was conducted on survey responses (N = 3222), resulting in six factors: (1) maintaining the system, (2) internal distress, (3) embracing violence, (4) controlling leadership, (5) harmful God‐image, and (6) gender discrimination. The resulting 27‐item scale, which includes 11 additional “critical items,” can be used in clinical settings to get quick, detailed information about a client's exposure to spiritual abuse and possible resulting consequences.
Beyond levels and labels: applying self‐determination theory to support readers
Authors: Svrcek Natalie Sue , Abugasea Heidt Marium 
Published: May 2022

AbstractReading levels and levelled reading have been tried and true teaching tools used for assessment and to guide the teaching of reading in classrooms for decades. However, identifying students' reading levels does not necessarily lead to success in reading for students. In strictly adhering to an instructional routine based on reading levels and choosing books based on those levels, we miss valuable opportunities to identify and celebrate children's current and learned reading practices, and importantly adhere to students' reading interests. In this article, we draw on self‐determination theory from the field of motivation to rethink how we are framing our students as readers, and further urge educators to look critically at their use of reading levels and levelled reading. As opposed to solely relying on the tried and tested ways of working with readers, we instead offer an opportunity for teachers to bolster students' well‐being by focusing on their motivational needs and their efficacy as readers. In designing reading instruction and activities around students' interests, choice, abilities, and interactions in the class community, we can empower students, foster their lifelong love of reading, and support their development as strong and strategic readers.