bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamic de novo adipose tissue development during metamorphosis in Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Tsuyama Taiichi , Komai Hanae , Hayashi Yusaku , Shimono Kohei , Uemura Tadashi 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAdipose tissue is a central organ for controlling systemic metabolism both in invertebrates and vertebrates. Here, we have investigated the cellular mechanisms of the adult-type fat body (AFB) development in Drosophila. We have established genetic tools that allow visualization and genetic manipulations of cells in the AFB lineage from early in metamorphosis. We identified precursor cells that give rise to the AFB and delineated dynamic cellular mechanisms underlying AFB formation. These precursor cells displayed polarized cell shapes and oriented motility, with emigration from the thorax and subsequent dispersal to the abdomen and head. After the migration period, these cells adhered to each other, assembling into the AFB with a sheet-like architecture. Continuous cell proliferation occurred during and after the large-scale migration to achieve appropriate fat tissue mass. Homotypic cell fusion after the sheet formation contributed to the establishment of multinucleated cells in the AFB. We also examined candidate gene functions, and our results argue that Rac1, ecdysone signaling, and the transcription factor Serpent support adult fat body organogenesis.Brief Summary StatementDrosophila adult fat body precursor cells form adult adipose tissue during metamorphosis by directional migration, continuous cell proliferation, and homotypic cell fusion.
Microtubule-Connexin-43 regulation suppresses arrhythmias and fibrosis in Duchenne muscular dystrophy mice
Authors: Himelman Eric , Nouet Julie , Lillo Mauricio A. , Chong Alexander , Wehrens Xander H.T. , Rodney George G. , Xie Lai-Hua , Shirokova Natalia , Contreras Jorge E. , Fraidenraich Diego 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACTDilated cardiomyopathy is the leading cause of death in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) patients due to advancements in skeletal muscle therapies yet limited presence of cardiac treatments. The phosphorylation status of gap junction protein Connexin-43 (Cx43) drives Cx43 remodeling and the development of arrhythmias and fibrosis. Based on evidence that Colchicine drug treatment improves Cx43 phosphorylation and remodeling, we compared the microtubule cytoskeleton in DMD mice (mdx) versus mdx mice genetically altered to be Cx43-phosphorylation-deficient (mdxS3A). Reciprocally, we analyzed the microtubule cytoskeleton in mdx mice genetically altered to be Cx43-phospho-mimicking (mdxS3E). We found a link between the phospho-status of Connexin-43 and regulation of microtubule organization, in which phospho-dead Cx43 (S3A) inhibits improvements seen with Colchicine treatment in mdx mice, and phospho-mimic S3E promotes microtubule reorganization in mdx mice. A reduction in arrhythmias and fibrosis suggests an unsuspecting Cx43-microtubule link for translational corrective activities for DMD cardiomyopathy.
Involved fathering: how new dads are redefining fatherhood
Authors: Bataille Christine D. , Hyland Emma 
Published: March 2022

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate how professional men in dual-career relationships craft and enact their fatherhood role ideologies during the transition to fatherhood. In particular, the authors focus on the impact that the development of a more involved approach to fatherhood has on the mother's ability to combine career and family.Design/methodology/approachThis study utilizes a longitudinal, qualitative methodology. Pre- and post-natal interviews were conducted with 18 professional men in dual-career heterosexual relationships.FindingsAlthough the traditional mode of fatherhood that is rooted in breadwinning continues to be the dominant approach among working fathers in the US, new modes of more involved fathering are emerging. The results of the study indicate that a general shift away from a strict, gendered division of household labor is taking place in today's dual career couples, and this is leading to an increase in men's involvement in childcare. Further, although much of the extant research conceptualizes fatherhood as a role typology, the results reveal that all fathers are involved in caring for their babies, though to varying degrees. Thus the authors propose a continuum of involvement. Finally, the authors discovered how men are finding creative ways to use official and unofficial workplace flexibility to be more involved at home.Originality/valueThe findings offer novel insights into the factors that encourage involved fathering. The authors encourage organizations to create more supportive environments that foster involved fathering by extending paid parental leave benefits to men and providing more access to flexibility.
Design and optimization of a 16S microbial qPCR multiplex for the presumptive identification of feces, saliva, vaginal and menstrual secretions
Authors: Lewis Carolyn , Seashols‐Williams Sarah J. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMolecular methods for body fluid identification have been extensively researched in the forensic community over the last decade, mostly focusing on RNA‐based methods. Microbial DNA analysis has long been used for forensic applications, such as postmortem interval estimations, but only recently has it been applied to body fluid identification. High‐throughput sequencing of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene by previous research groups revealed that microbial signatures and abundances vary across human body fluids at the genus and/or species taxonomic level. Since quantitative PCR is still the current technique used in forensic DNA analysis, the purpose of this study was to design a qPCR multiplex targeting the 16S gene of Bacteroides uniformis, Streptococcus salivarius, and Lactobacillus crispatus that can distinguish between feces, saliva, and vaginal/menstrual secretions, respectively. Primers and probes were designed at the species level because these bacteria are highly abundant within their respective fluid. The validated 16S triplex was evaluated in DNA extracts from thirty donors of each body fluid. A classification regression tree model resulted in 96.5% classification accuracy of the population data, which demonstrates the ability of this 16S triplex to presumptively identify these fluids with high confidence at the quantification step of the forensic workflow using minimal input volume of DNA extracted from evidentiary samples.
Nitrous oxide for the treatment of psychiatric disorders: A systematic review of the clinical trial landscape
Authors: Liu Helen , Kerzner Jaimie , Demchenko Ilya , Wijeysundera Duminda N. , Kennedy Sidney H. , Ladha Karim S. , Bhat Venkat 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo systematically review published research studies and ongoing clinical trials investigating nitrous oxide (N2O) in psychiatric disorders, providing an up‐to‐date snapshot of the clinical research landscape.MethodsA comprehensive literature search was conducted for studies published until June 2021 using the OVID databases (MEDLINE, Embase, APA PsycInfo) and the clinical trial registries (ClinicalTrials.gov, ICTRP).ResultsIn total, five relevant published articles were identified, among which four investigated N2O for depression. One single‐dose randomized controlled trial (RCT) for treatment‐resistant depression (TRD), one triple crossover RCT comparing 50% vs. 25% N2O for TRD, and one repeated‐dose RCT for major depressive disorder (MDD) suggest that N2O has preliminary feasibility with rapid‐acting effects on symptoms of depression. From the public registries, 10 relevant ongoing clinical trials were identified. They aim to explore the use of N2O for MDD, post‐traumatic stress disorder, bipolar disorder, obsessive‐compulsive disorder, and suicidal ideation. To date, the typical treatment protocol parameters were a single session of 50% N2O delivered for 60 min, although the concentration of 25% is also being explored. Projected enrolment numbers for ongoing trials (M = 55.0) were much higher than sample sizes for published studies (M = 13.0), suggesting that there potentially will be more large‐scale RCTs published in the next few years.ConclusionPreliminary studies support the feasibility of administering N2O for depression; however, appropriate blinding is a critical challenge. Larger‐scale RCTs with repeated doses of N2O and follow‐up times beyond 1 month are needed to confirm the feasibility, therapeutic efficacy, and sustainability of response.
Psoriasis risk after beta‐blocker exposure: Description of a pharmacovigilance signal
Authors: Azzouz Brahim , De Guizelin Apolline , Lambert Aude , Fresse Audrey , Morel Aurore , Trenque Thierry 
Published: March 2022

AimWe aimed to investigate French pharmacovigilance data. The objective was to characterize psoriatic conditions that occurred after beta‐blocker (BB) exposure and bring to light a possible pharmacovigilance signal.MethodsSpontaneous reports of psoriatic conditions recorded in the French National Pharmacovigilance Database (FPVD) between 1985 and 2019 were extracted. We performed a retrospective, descriptive analysis of reports linked to BB exposure. Association between psoriasis risk and BB exposure was assessed using a case/noncase study.ResultsTwo hundred and twenty‐five reports of psoriatic conditions after BB exposure were recorded in the FPVD during the study period. Both cardioselective and noncardioselective, topical and systemic BBs are involved. Therapeutic indication of BB was mainly hypertension. Mean time to onset was 5 months and outcome was favourable in 68% after BB discontinuation. These features were concordant with those of literature reports. The reporting odds ratio (ROR) was 8.95 (95% confidence interval 7.75‐10.33).ConclusionWe highlighted a statistically significant disproportionality which constitutes a pharmacovigilance signal. Psoriasis risk with BBs is a class effect. Increasing surveillance during the first year of BB exposure is needed.
An expert‐elicited approach to inform proactive risk assessments for chronic wasting disease in white‐tailed deer
Authors: Cook Jonathan D. , Christensen Sonja A. , Williams David M. , Porter William F. , Robinson Kelly F. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractOne of the most rational and successful ways to mitigate the effects of wildlife disease is to perform proactive management efforts that can either prevent disease prior to first exposure or detect and eradicate disease prior to its establishment. However, estimating the risk of wildlife disease in new locations is often challenged by a lack of tractable linkages between known or presumed disease hazards and comprehensive risk of introduction and spread. In this study, we present a low‐cost approach that estimated comprehensive risk of chronic wasting disease (CWD) in Michigan, United States, based on the localized knowledge of experts and the use of existing datasets. We controlled for sources of expert bias, avoided group conflict that may challenge qualitative risk assessments, and generated estimates of risk that aligned with known positives and can be used in targeted surveillance and mitigation efforts. We found that 97% of CWD detections fell within high risk counties, with only 3 out of 117 cases (3%) falling in counties at low risk. Furthermore, we found coherence between indirect expert‐elicited risk estimates and direct hazard rankings, suggesting that an indirect approach maximized expert knowledge sharing while controlling for sources of potential bias. Lastly, our approach required limited time commitment from group participants and thus, represented a low‐cost decision‐making approach. Taken together, our study may provide an opportunity to mount proactive wildlife disease management in a way that has often been promoted but rarely accomplished.
Combined assessment of tumour cell nest size and desmoplastic reaction as an excellent prognostic predictor in oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Li Zhi‐Wen , He Lu , Zheng Zhong , Zhang Qian , Xu Yu‐Ting , Chen Jie‐Yu , Shi Jiong , Huang Wen‐Bin , Fan Xiang‐Shan 
Published: March 2022

AimsTumour budding (TB) activity, cell nest size (CNS), and desmoplastic reaction (DR) have been confirmed to be significantly correlated with prognosis in oesophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC) recently. However, there are limited data on the prognostic significance of combined assessment of cellular dissociation and tumour stroma in ESCC.MethodsIn all, 265 cases with resected ESCCs diagnosed between January 2018 and August 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. All slides were reviewed for assessing TB, CNS, and DR. The Cellular Dissociation Grading and our Combined CNS and DR (CNS/DR) Grading systems were adopted to re‐grade ESCCs.ResultsHigh TB activity, small CNS, and immature DR had a strong association with shorter overall survival (OS) and progression‐free survival (PFS) (P < 0.001, respectively) in ESCC. Combined assessment of CNS and DR in a 4‐tiered grading system displayed a prognostic excellence for survival (P < 0.001), and outperformed the Cellular Dissociation Grading for both OS (area under the curve [AUC], 0.728 versus 0.644, P = 0.043) and PFS (AUC, 0.763 versus 0.667, P = 0.018) by receiver operator characteristic curves. Also, Combined CNS/DR Grading showed superiority in recognizing a G4 subgroup with the worst outcome in our cohort, to whom the most urgent attention needs to be called.ConclusionsThis is the first study to propose a novel Combined Grading system based on CNS and DR in ESCC, which has been demonstrated to be relatively superior to Cellular Dissociation Grading in predicting prognosis. The findings shed new light on the histopathological grading of ESCC and facilitates identifying biologically aggressive ESCCs.
Polyphenol lipophilisation: a suitable tool for the valorisation of natural by‐products
Authors: Grajeda‐Iglesias Claudia , Figueroa‐Espinoza Maria Cruz , Barouh Nathalie , Muñoz‐Castellanos Laila‐Nayzzel , Salas Erika 
Published: March 2022

SummaryPolyphenols represent one of the most widely distributed molecules in vegetables and fruits with interesting functional and biological properties (antioxidant, antifungal, etc.). By‐products issued from agro‐industrial processing represent an inexpensive source of polyphenols; these phenolic compounds can then be extracted and transformed into functional molecules to be used as additives for the food or cosmetic industries. With the objective to enhance polyphenol’s natural properties, considering their low hydrophobicity, lipophilisation of the isolated phenolic compounds was accomplished. The first lipophilisation of ellagitannins issued from pomegranate peel was carried out and, based on our previous work, polyphenols (an anthocyanin and a phenolic acid) extracted from hibiscus flowers were successfully lipophilised. In order to evaluate the impact of lipophilisation on the main properties of these compounds, protocatechuates with different alkyl chain lengths were assessed for their antifungal capacity against a worldwide distributed pathogenic fungus (Fusarium oxysporum), and the new synthesised ellagitannins esters were studied for their antiradical activity in vitro. The results showed that, depending on the chain length, lipophilisation improved the functional properties of the original phenolics. This could be an innovative way to synthesise molecules with an enhanced potential as antioxidants in food, cosmetics or related products.
Validity and reliability of the gender equity scale in nursing education
Authors: Cho Sunhee , Kwon So‐Hi , Jang Sun Joo 
Published: March 2022

AbstractEquity is an emerging issue across all sectors of society, and one of the frequently raised concerns in nursing education is gender inequity. An accurate assessment appears to be a key component in creating an environment of gender equity in nursing education. This study aimed to develop a scale of gender equity in nursing education and establish its validity and reliability. In total, 341 senior nursing students participated in the psychometric evaluation of the Gender Equity Scale in Nursing Education. This psychometric evaluation revealed that the 4‐subdomain (personal experience of gender inequity, perceptions of gender roles, gender discrimination, and gender biases in class), 23‐item measure possesses both good reliability and validity, as well as a good level of internal consistency. The Gender Equity Scale in Nursing Education was developed as a self‐report questionnaire for both female and male students and considers gender role stereotypes, gender‐biased educational climates, gender discrimination, and gender inequity in nursing education.
Wheat cultivars and natural‐based substances: Impacts on epidemiological parameters of yellow dwarf disease
Authors: Pichon Elodie , Souquet Marlène , Armand Thomas , Jacquot Emmanuel 
Published: March 2022

AbstractFor many years, control methods against aphid‐transmitted barley/cereal yellow dwarf viruses (B/CYDV) in cereal fields were mainly based on the use of neonicotinoid (NNI)‐coated seeds. The ban of NNI by the EU in 2018 has reinforced the interest of the scientific community in the characterization of genetic resources and biological protections to find alternatives to chemicals for the management of B/CYDV. Eleven BYDV‐susceptible wheat varieties were tested using a set of experimental procedures to evaluate their potential to alter parameters linked to the biology of aphids (Rhopalosiphum padi) and spread of virus (BYDV‐PAV). Moreover, two natural‐based substances (azadirachtin and mineral oil) were tested for their impact on the ability of aphids to survive, colonize and transmit the virus. Results showed that the 11 genotypes tested have a level of susceptibility to virus infection similar to the susceptible reference cv. Rubisko. However, when characterization focused on virus load, latency period and aphid fecundity, partial resistance phenotypes were observed for some cultivars. Furthermore, azadirachtin increased aphid mortality and decreased aphid fecundity. Thus, in addition to genes described for their ability to limit B/CYDV infections, the genetic backgrounds of B/CYDV‐susceptible wheat cultivars and azadirachtin‐based treatment should be considered for future management strategies against yellow dwarf disease.
Testicular haemodynamics, plasma testosterone and oestradiol concentrations, and serum nitric oxide levels in the Egyptian buffalo bull after a single administration of human chorionic gonadotropin
Authors: Abdelnaby Elshymaa A. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis current study aimed for the first time to evaluate the effect of a single intravenous administration of human chorionic gonadotropin hormone (hCG) on the testicular artery haemodynamics measurements (resistance [RI], and pulsatility indices [PI]), plasma steroids (estradiol‐17β and testosterone) and nitric oxide (NO) levels in buffalo bulls. Twelve Egyptian buffalo bulls weighted 450 ± 20 kg were randomly divided into the hCG group (n = 6) and injected a single dose with Ovogest (EPIFASI; 5,000 IU, iv), whereas the others (n = 6) were injected with normal saline and served as controls. Doppler evaluation and blood sampling were performed just before the administration (hour 0) and at 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 24 and 28 hr after administration. Bulls in the control group did not show any alterations in hormonal levels and blood flow parameters (p > .05). In the hCG group, RI was declined (p < .05) in 6 hr post‐administration (0.31 ± 0.01 versus 0.45 ± 0.01), while PI was declined (p < .05) later in 10 hr (0.74 ± 0.01 versus 1.23 ± 0.02). Additionally, testicular blood flow was increased (p < .05) 8 hr (42.02 ± 1.02 ml/min/100 g versus 31.34 ± 0.88 ml/min/100 g) after administration. Testosterone and NO levels were (p < .05) increased at 4 and 6 hr post‐administration (3.55 ± 0.03 ng/ml versus 2.84 ± 0.01 ng/ml, and 55.32 ± 4.25 µmol/L versus 32.21 ± 1.55 µmol/L), whereas oestradiol levels were elevated (p < .05) in 6 hr (31.25 ± 0.08 pg/ml) only post‐administration then declined. In conclusion, the single intravenous administration of hCG triggered many alterations in the supratesticular artery vascularization and hormonal profile that could affect positively on steroidogenesis and testicular function in buffalo bull.
Analysis of Clustered Survey Data Based on Two-Stage Informative Sampling and Associated Two-Level Models
Authors: Kim Jae Kwang , Rao J.N.K. , Kwon Yonghyun 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis paper deals with making inference on parameters of a two-level model matching the design hierarchy of a two-stage sample. In a pioneering paper, Scott and Smith (Journal of the American Statistical Association, 1969, 64, 830–840) proposed a Bayesian model based or prediction approach to estimating a finite population mean under two-stage cluster sampling. We provide a brief account of their pioneering work. We review two methods for the analysis of two-level models based on matching two-stage samples. Those methods are based on pseudo maximum likelihood and pseudo composite likelihood taking account of design weights. We then propose a new method for analysis of two-level models based on a normal approximation to the estimated cluster effects and taking account of design weights. This method does not require cluster sizes to be constants or unrelated to cluster effects. We evaluate the relative performance of the three methods in a simulation study. Finally, we apply the methods to real data obtained from 2011 Nepal Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS).
Dynamic Strain Reconstruction of Rotating Blades Based on Tip Timing and Response Transmissibility
Authors: Ao Chunyan , Qiao Baijie , Liu Meiru , Fu Shunguo , Yang Zhibo , Chen Xuefeng 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Dynamic strain of rotating blades is critical in turbomachinery health monitoring and residual life evaluation. Though the blade tip timing (BTT) technique is promising to replace traditional strain gages, the lack of effective strain transformation through BTT hinders the implementation. In this paper, a noncontact dynamic strain reconstruction method of rotating blades is proposed based on the BTT technique and response transmissibility. First, the displacement-to-strain transmissibility (DST) considering rotational speed is derived from the frequency response functions based on blade mode shapes. A quadratic polynomial function of DST with respect to the rotational speed is provided to calibrate DST in blade rotational state. Second, the blade-tip displacement in resonance is obtained by BTT measurement and the Circumferential Fourier Fit processing method. Third, the dynamic strains of critical points on blades are calculated using the DST in conjunction with the tip displacement amplitude. In this paper, to validate the proposed method, acceleration and deceleration experiments, including both BTT and strain gages, are conducted on a spinning rotor rig. Experimental results demonstrate that the reconstructed dynamic strains of different positions on the rotating blades correspond well to the results measured by strain gages. The mean relative error between the reconstructed and measured results is generally within 8%.