bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Podocalyxin molecular characteristics and endometrial expression: high conservation between humans and macaques but divergence in mice
Authors: Thach Bothidah , Samarajeewa Nirukshi , Li Ying , Heng Sophea , Tsai Tesha , Pangestu Mulyoto , Catt Sally , Nie Guiying 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Podocalyxin (PODXL) is a newly identified key negative regulator of human endometrial receptivity, specifically down-regulated in the luminal epithelium at receptivity to permit embryo implantation. Here, we bioinformatically compared the molecular characteristics of PODXL among the human, rhesus macaque, and mouse, determined by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization (mouse tissues) whether endometrial PODXL expression is conserved across the three species and examined if PODXL inhibits mouse embryo attachment in vitro. The PODXL gene, mRNA, and protein sequences showed greater similarities between humans and macaques than with mice. In all species, PODXL was expressed in endometrial luminal/glandular epithelia and endothelia. In macaques (n = 9), luminal PODXL was significantly down-regulated when receptivity is developed, consistent with the pattern found in women. At receptivity, PODXL was also reduced in shallow glands, whereas endothelial expression was unchanged across the menstrual cycle. In mice, endometrial PODXL did not vary considerably across the estrous cycle (n = 16); however, around embryo attachment on d4.5 of pregnancy (n = 4), luminal PODXL was greatly reduced especially near the site of embryo attachment. Mouse embryos failed to attach or thrive when co-cultured on a monolayer of Ishikawa cells overexpressing PODXL. Thus, endometrial luminal PODXL expression is down-regulated for embryo implantation in all species examined, and PODXL inhibits mouse embryo implantation. Rhesus macaques share greater conservations with humans than mice in PODXL molecular characteristics and regulation, thus represent a better animal model for functional studies of endometrial PODXL for treatment of human fertility.
The Role of the Approved Mental Health Professional: A ‘Fool’s Errand’?
Authors: Leah Caroline 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This article explores the concept of a ‘fool’s errand’ in relation to the specialist role of the Approved Mental Health Professional (AMHP). An AMHP has a duty to make an application following a Mental Health Act assessment to detain and admit an individual to a psychiatric hospital. Findings from a qualitative study of ten multiprofessional AMHPs in England suggested AMHPs were subjected to a ‘fool’s errand’, when they were asked by psychiatrists and bed managers to practice in a way, they, themselves, considered unwise or foolish and that did not make sense in the context of their role. The author will illuminate how false starts and delays in securing treatment and care outcomes for mentally unwell individuals compromised AMHP practice.
Elevated amyloid beta disrupts the nanoscale organization and function of synaptic vesicle pools in hippocampal neurons
Authors: Biasetti Luca , Rey Stephanie , Fowler Milena , Ratnayaka Arjuna , Fennell Kate , Smith Catherine , Marshall Karen , Hall Catherine , Vargas-Caballero Mariana , Serpell Louise , Staras Kevin 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAlzheimer’s disease is linked to increased levels of amyloid beta (Aβ) in the brain, but the mechanisms underlying neuronal dysfunction and neurodegeneration remain enigmatic. Here, we investigate whether organizational characteristics of functional presynaptic vesicle pools, key determinants of information transmission in the central nervous system, are targets for elevated Aβ. Using an optical readout method in cultured hippocampal neurons, we show that acute Aβ42 treatment significantly enlarges the fraction of functional vesicles at individual terminals. We observe the same effect in a chronically elevated Aβ transgenic model (APPSw,Ind) using an ultrastructure-function approach that provides detailed information on nanoscale vesicle pool positioning. Strikingly, elevated Aβ is correlated with excessive accumulation of recycled vesicles near putative endocytic sites, which is consistent with deficits in vesicle retrieval pathways. Using the glutamate reporter, iGluSnFR, we show that there are parallel functional consequences, where ongoing information signaling capacity is constrained. Treatment with levetiracetam, an antiepileptic that dampens synaptic hyperactivity, partially rescues these transmission defects. Our findings implicate organizational and dynamic features of functional vesicle pools as targets in Aβ-driven synaptic impairment, suggesting that interventions to relieve the overloading of vesicle retrieval pathways might have promising therapeutic value.
The mysterious death of the beer drinking champ: potential role for hyperacute water loading and acute hyponatremia
Authors: Perez-Gomez Maria Vanessa , Sanchez-Ospina Didier , Tejedor Alberto , Ortiz Alberto 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT
Hyponatremia is acute when present for &lt;48 h. Most cases of acute hyponatremia involve both excess free water intake and an at least partial urinary free water excretion defect. By contrast, hyperacute water intoxication may result from a large excess electrolyte-free water intake in such a short time that properly working urinary free water excretion mechanisms cannot cope. A hyperacute decrease in serum sodium may lead to death before medical intervention takes place. Well-documented cases have been published in the military medicine literature. In addition, news reports suggest the existence of cases of voluntary ingestion of excess free water by non-psychiatric individuals usually during ‘dare’ activities. Education of the public is required to prevent harm from these high-risk activities. Adequate training of emergency medical units may prevent lethal outcomes. Spanish media reported the case of a male who died following his triumph in a 20-min beer drinking contest. ‘From a heart attack. Man dies after drinking six litres of beer in a contest’ ran the news. We now review the physiology underlying hyperacute water intoxication and discuss the potential contribution of hyperacute water loading and acute hyponatremia to the demise of this patient.
Jagged Ends on Multinucleosomal Cell-Free DNA Serve as a Biomarker for Nuclease Activity and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Ding Spencer C , Chan Rebecca W Y , Peng Wenlei , Huang Liangbo , Zhou Ze , Hu Xi , Volpi Stefano , Hiraki Linda T , Vaglio Augusto , Fenaroli Paride , Bocca Paola , Tam Lai Shan , Wong Priscilla C H , Tam Lydia H P , Jiang Peiyong , Chiu Rossa W K , Allen Chan K C , Dennis Lo Y M 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Background
Jagged ends of plasma DNA are a recently recognized class of fragmentomic markers for cell-free DNA, reflecting the activity of nucleases. A number of recent studies have also highlighted the importance of jagged ends in the context of pregnancy and oncology. However, knowledge regarding the generation of jagged ends is incomplete.

Methods
Jaggedness of plasma DNA was analyzed based on Jag-seq, which utilized the differential methylation signals introduced by the DNA end-repair process. We investigated the jagged ends in plasma DNA using mouse models by deleting the deoxyribonuclease 1 (Dnase1), DNA fragmentation factor subunit beta (Dffb), or deoxyribonuclease 1 like 3 (Dnase1l3) gene.

Results
Aberrations in the profile of plasma DNA jagged ends correlated with the type of nuclease that had been genetically deleted, depending on nucleosomal structures. The deletion of Dnase1l3 led to a significant reduction of jaggedness for those plasma DNA molecules involving more than 1 nucleosome (e.g., size ranges 240-290 bp, 330-380 bp, and 420-470 bp). However, less significant effects of Dnase1 and Dffb deletions were observed regarding different sizes of DNA fragments. Interestingly, the aberration in plasma DNA jagged ends related to multinucleosomes was observed in human subjects with familial systemic lupus erythematosus with Dnase1l3 deficiency and human subjects with sporadic systemic lupus erythematosus.

Conclusions
Detailed understanding of the relationship between nuclease and plasma DNA jaggedness has opened up avenues for biomarker development.
Four American Sign Language Learner Groups: Are They Really Different?
Authors: Beal Jennifer S , Trussell Jessica Williams , Walton Dawn 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We investigated the receptive American Sign Language (ASL) skills of four separate groups using the 42-item ASL-Receptive Skills Test: Deaf high school-aged students who attended a residential school; deaf incoming college students who preferred signed language; deaf incoming college students who preferred spoken language; and typically hearing college-aged second language-second modality learners (M2L2) of ASL. Many deaf students learn ASL as a delayed first language due to a lack of sign language models within their home environments. In contrast, M2L2 students likely engage in some transfer between their first (spoken) and second (signed) language when learning ASL. All four groups scored similarly overall on the ASL-RST (~77% correct), and all four groups scored the lowest for number-distribution, spatial verbs location, size-and-shape-specifiers, and role shift. We present instructional implications that include incorporation of ASL standards and evidence-based instructional strategies for all four groups.
Depressive symptoms in higher education students during the COVID-19 pandemic: the role of containment measures
Authors: Buffel Veerle , Van de Velde Sarah , Akvardar Yildiz , Bask Miia , Brault Marie-Christine , Busse Heide , Chatzittofis Andreas , Ladner Joel , Rabiee-Khan Fatemeh , Stathopoulou Theoni , Tavolacci Marie-Pierre , van der Heijde Claudia , Pischke Claudia R , Matos Fialho Paula Mayara , Wouters Edwin 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Background
Students are a vulnerable group for the indirect impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly their mental health. This paper examined the cross-national variation in students’ depressive symptoms and whether this can be related to the various protective measures implemented in response to the initial stage of the COVID-19 outbreak.

Methods
Student data stem from the COVID-19 International Student Well-being Study, covering 26 countries during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. Country-level data on government responses to the COVID-19 pandemic were retrieved from the Oxford COVID-19 Tracker. Multilevel analyses were performed to estimate the impact of the containment and economic support measures on students’ depressive symptoms (n = 78 312).

Results
School and workplace closures, and stay-at-home restrictions were positively related to students’ depressive symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic, while none of the economic support measures significantly related to depressive symptoms. Countries’ scores on the index of these containment measures explained 1.5% of the cross-national variation in students’ depressive symptoms (5.3%). This containment index’s effect was stable, even when controlling for the economic support index, students’ characteristics, and countries’ epidemiological context and economic conditions.

Conclusions
Our findings raise concerns about the potential adverse effects of existing containment measures (especially the closure of schools and workplaces and stay-at-home restrictions) on students’ mental health.
Imaging the crust and uppermost mantle structure of Portugal (West Iberia) with seismic ambient noise
Authors: Silveira Graça , Dias Nuno Afonso , Kiselev Sergey , Stutzmann Eleonore , Custódio Susana , Schimmel Martin 
Published: March 2022

SUMMARYWe present a new high-resolution 3-D shear wave velocity (Vs) model of the crust and uppermost mantle beneath Portugal, inferred from ambient seismic noise tomography. We use broad-band seismic data from a dense temporary deployment covering the entire Portuguese mainland between 2010 and 2012 in the scope of the WILAS project. Vertical component data are processed using phase correlation and phase weighted stack to obtain empirical Green functions (EGFs) for 2016 station pairs. Further, we use a random sampling and subset stacking strategy to measure robust Rayleigh-wave group velocities in the period range 7–30 s and associated uncertainties. The tomographic inversion is performed in two steps: First, we determine group-velocity lateral variations for each period. Next, we invert them at each grid point using a new trans-dimensional inversion scheme to obtain the 3-D shear wave velocity model. The final 3-D model extends from the upper crust (5 km) down to the uppermost mantle (60 km) and has a lateral resolution of ∼50 km. In the upper and middle crusts, the Vs anomaly pattern matches the tectonic units of the Variscan Massif and Alpine basins. The transition between the Lusitanian Basin and the Ossa Morena Zone is marked by a contrast between moderate- and high-velocity anomalies, in addition to two arched earthquake lineations. Some faults, namely, the Manteigas–Vilariça–Bragança fault and the Porto–Tomar–Ferreira do Alentejo fault, have a clear signature from the upper crust down to the uppermost mantle (60 km). Our 3-D shear wave velocity model offers new insights into the continuation of the main tectonic units at depth and contributes to better understanding the seismicity of Portugal.
L1 chimeric transcripts are expressed in healthy brain and their deregulation in glioma follows that of their host locus
Authors: Pinson Marie-Elisa , Court Franck , Masson Aymeric , Renaud Yoan , Fantini Allison , Bacoeur-Ouzillou Ophélie , Barriere Marie , Pereira Bruno , Guichet Pierre-Olivier , Chautard Emmanuel , Karayan-Tapon Lucie , Verrelle Pierre , Arnaud Philippe , Vaurs-Barrière Catherine 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Besides the consequences of retrotransposition, long interspersed element 1 (L1) retrotransposons can affect the host genome through their antisense promoter. In addition to the sense promoter, the evolutionarily recent L1 retrotransposons, which are present in several thousand copies, also possess an anti-sense promoter that can produce L1 chimeric transcripts (LCT) composed of the L1 5′ UTR followed by the adjacent genomic sequence. The full extent to which LCT expression occurs in a given tissue and whether disruption of the defense mechanisms that normally control L1 retrotransposons affects their expression and function in cancer cells, remain to be established. By using CLIFinder, a dedicated bioinformatics tool, we found that LCT expression was widespread in normal brain and aggressive glioma samples, and that approximately 17% of recent L1 retrotransposons, from the L1PA1 to L1PA7 subfamilies, were involved in their production. Importantly, the transcriptional activities of the L1 antisense promoters and of their host loci were coupled. Accordingly, we detected LCT-producing L1 retrotransposons mainly in transcriptionally active genes and genomic loci. Moreover, changes in the host genomic locus expression level in glioma were associated with a similar change in LCT expression level, regardless of the L1 promoter methylation status. Our findings support a model in which the host genomic locus transcriptional activity is the main driving force of LCT expression. We hypothesize that this model is more applicable when host gene and LCT are transcribed from the same strand.
Whole-exome sequencing and functional validation reveal a rare missense variant in MMP7 that confers ovarian endometriosis risk
Authors: Liu Faying , Zhou Jiangyan , Zhang Xiaoling , Fang Shufen , Liu Rongfang , Chen Ge , Luo Yong , Zhang Ziyu , Cheng Yufen , Wang Liqun , Guo Jiubai , Zou Yang 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Prior studies have shown that genetic factors play important roles in ovarian endometriosis. Herein, we first analyzed the whole-exome sequencing data from 158 patients with ovarian endometriosis and 385 local control women without endometriosis. Among which, a rare missense variant in the MMP7 (p.I79T, rs150338402) gene exhibited a significant frequency difference. This rare variant was screened in an additional 1176 patients and 600 control women via direct DNA sequencing. Meanwhile, a total of 38 available clinical characteristics were collected. Our results showed 45 out of 1334 (3.37%) patients, while 15 out of 985 control women (1.52%) (P = 0.0076) harbored this rare variant, respectively. This rare variant was associated with clinical features such as follicle-stimulating hormone (Padj = 0.0342), luteinizing hormone (Padj = 0.0038), progesterone (Padj = 1.4e−7), testosterone (Padj = 0.0923), total bilirubin (Padj = 0.0699), carcinoembryonic antigen (Padj = 0.0665) and squamous cell carcinoma antigen (Padj = 0.0817), respectively. Functional assays showed that this rare variant could promote cell migration, invasion, epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) and increase the proteolytic protein activity of MMP7, implicating that the increased capacities of cell invasion, migration and EMT might be mediated by enhanced proteolytic activity of MMP7 mutant. These results showed that the MMP7 rare missense variant (p.I79T) played important roles in the pathogenesis of ovarian endometriosis. In conclusion, we identified, for the first time, a significantly enriched MMP7 rare variant in ovarian endometriosis; this rare variant was closely associated with certain clinical features in ovarian endometriosis; thus, it could be a promising early diagnostic biomarker for this disease.
Identification of Dominant Strains in Liu Shenqu by MALDI-TOF MS and DNA Sequencing Methods
Authors: Wang Junyao , Cheng Xianlong , Ren Xiu , Bai Jichao , Ma Shuangcheng , Cui Shenghui , Wei Feng 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Background
Liu Shenqu has been widely used to treat the illnesses of spleen and stomach, indigestion, etc. in China. As a fermented product, strains play an important role in the fermentation process, which will affect the quality of Liu Shenqu. Therefore, it is important to identify the dominant strains in the fermentation process of Liu Shenqu.

Objectives
Identify dominant strains in the fermentation process of Liu Shenqu and provide a theoretical reference for the fermentation of fixed strains in industrial production.

Methods
In this study, we aim to identify the dominant strains in Liu Shenqu through matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) combined with DNA sequencing methods. This research involves two parts: MALDI-TOF MS identifies the dominant bacteria, and the Sanger sequencing method identifies the dominant fungi.

Results
A total of 21 bacterial species were identified by MALDI-TOF MS and 21 fungi species were identified by Sanger sequencing. We searched the types of enzymes in the identified strains based on the GB2760-2014 National Food Safety Standard and Food Additives Use Standard (China). We compared the types of enzymes reported in Liu Shenqu with the types of enzymes retrieved in GB2760-2014 National Food Safety Standard and Food Additives Use Standard: Aspergillus oryzae and Rhizopus oryzae were determined to be the dominant strains in Liu Shenqu.

Conclusion
This study showed that MALDI-TOF MS combined with DNA sequencing methods could be used for identification of the dominant strains in Liu Shenqu. This strategy is promising for application to strain identification in other fermented products.

Highlights
Fresh products were frozen and transported in bacteria-preserving tubes to ensure the authenticity of the number and type of strains of Liu Shenqu. MALDI-TOF MS combined with DNA sequencing methods was successfully applied to identify the dominant strains in the fermentation process of Liu Shenqu for the first time. Aspergillus oryzae and Rhizopus oryzae were determined to be the dominant strains in Liu Shenqu.
The Economic Impact of AI on Breast Imaging
Authors: Smetherman Dana , Golding Lauren , Moy Linda , Rubin Eric 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This article explores the development of computer-aided detection (CAD) and artificial or augmented intelligence (AI) for breast radiology examinations and describes the current applications of AI in breast imaging. Although radiologists in other subspecialties may be less familiar with the use of these technologies in their practices, CAD has been used in breast imaging for more than two decades, as mammography CAD programs have been commercially available in the United States since the late 1990s. Likewise, breast radiologists have seen payment for CAD in mammography and breast MRI evolve over time. With the rapid expansion of AI products in radiology in recent years, many new applications for these technologies in breast imaging have emerged. This article outlines the current state of reimbursement for breast radiology AI algorithms within the traditional fee-for-service model used by Medicare and commercial insurers as well as potential future payment pathways. In addition, the inherent challenges of employing the existing payment framework in the United States to AI programs in radiology are detailed for the reader. This article aims to give breast radiologists a better understanding of how AI will be reimbursed as they seek to further incorporate these emerging technologies into their practices to advance patient care and improve workflow efficiency.
A world divided: refugee centers, house prices and household preferences
Authors: Dröes Martijn I , Koster Hans R A 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Using detailed housing transactions data from the Netherlands covering more than two decades, we examine the disamenity effect associated with the opening of refugee centers (RCs). We show that the opening of an RC decreases local house prices by 5.8%. The effect has become stronger in the past decade, in line with an increasing share of nationalist votes. Using micro-data on home buyers’ characteristics, we further identify households’ preferences. The results show that the willingness to pay is more negative for larger RCs and more positive for foreign-born individuals. The latter is indicative of a more positive attitude of foreign-born individuals toward refugees.
Legislation for renewable energy communities and citizen energy communities in Austria: changes from the legislative draft to the finally enacted law
Authors: Fina Bernadette , Monsberger Carolin 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Based on the European guidelines—the Renewable Energy Directive (RED) and the Electricity Market Directive (EMD)—legislation to enable Renewable Energy Communities (RECs) and Citizen Energy Communities (CECs) is currently being developed in individual European countries. In July 2021, Austria, as one of the first countries in Europe, enacted legislation on both, RECs and CECs. A previous study of Fina and Fechner provided a detailed comparison of the legislative draft for energy communities in Austria, published in March 2021, to the European guidelines. Strengths and weaknesses of the Austrian transposition were highlighted and discussed. Now that the enacted version of the Austrian legislation has been published, important changes from the legislative draft to the final legislation have been identified. Building upon Fina and Fechner, this work aims at supplementing the previous study by examining and critically discussing these changes in order to present the Austrian legislation on energy communities as enacted to an international readership.