bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Organizational characteristics of European pediatric onco-critical care: An international cross-sectional survey
Authors: Nielsen Jeppe S. A. , Agbeko Rachel , Bate Jessica , Jordan Iolanda , Dohna-Schwake Christian , Potratz Jenny , Moscatelli Andrea , Bottari Gabriella , Pappachan John , Witt Volker , Crazzolara Roman , Amigoni Angela , Mizia-Malarz Agniezka , Sánchez Martín Mariá , Willems Jef , van den Heuvel-Eibrink Marry M. , Schlapbach Luregn J. , Wösten-van Asperen Roelie M. ,   the POKER (PICU Oncology Kids in Europe Research group) research consortium of ESPNIC (European Society of Paediatric & Neonatal Intensive Care)
Published: December 2022

BackgroundIntensified treatment protocols have improved survival of pediatric oncology patients. However, these treatment protocols are associated with increased treatment-related morbidity requiring admission to pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). We aimed to describe the organizational characteristics and processes of care for this patient group across PICUs in Europe.MethodsA web-based survey was sent to PICU directors or representative physicians between February and June 2021.ResultsResponses were obtained from 77 PICUs of 12 European countries. Organizational characteristics were similar across the different countries of Europe. The median number of PICU beds was 12 (IQR 8–16). The majority of the PICUs was staffed by pediatric intensivists and had a 24/7 intensivist coverage. Most PICUs had a nurse-to-patient ratio of 1:1 or 1:2. The median numbers of yearly planned and unplanned PICU admissions of pediatric cancer patients were 20 (IQR 10–45) and 10 (IQR 10–30, respectively. Oncology specific practices within PICU were less common in participating centres. This included implementation of oncology protocols in PICU (30%), daily rounds of PICU physicians on the wards (13%), joint mortality and morbidity meetings or complex patients’ discussions (30% and 40%, respectively) and participation of parents during clinical rounds (40%).ConclusionOur survey provides an overview on the delivery of critical care for oncology patients in PICU across European countries. Multidisciplinary care for these vulnerable and challenging patients remains complex and challenging. Future studies need to determine the effects of differences in PICU organization and processes of care on patients’ outcome.
Zhuanggu Guanjie herbal formula mitigates osteoarthritis via the NF-κB transduction mechanism
Authors: Guowei Gong , Yuzhong Zheng , Xuan Zhou , Zhi Dai , Juanhui Duan , Jing Wang , Peikui Yang , Xiangzhi Liu , Zhen Wen 
Published: December 2022

The Zhuanggu Guanjie herbal formula has been a famous Chinese prescription for treating bone diseases since time immemorial. The anti-osteoarthritis (OA) properties of this botanical prescription are well documented in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. However, the detailed mechanisms behind the phenomenon have not been elucidated. Hence, we aimed to investigate the anti-OA efficacy of the Zhuanggu Guanjie herbal formula and its underlying mechanism. The anti-OA properties of Zhuanggu Guanjie capsule (ZGC) were determined by the cytokine contents and inflammatory-related proteins, which were measured by RT-PCR, flow cytometry, Western blot, and laser confocal assay in ATDC5 cells. The levels of interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2, and prostaglandin synthesis E2 have been markedly reduced after being treated with ZGC for 48 h in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, ZGC prevented the translocation of NF-κB from the cytosol to the nucleus. On the other hand, we used the mono-iodoacetate (MIA)-induced OA model to confirm thein vivoefficacies of this herbal formula. Oral administration of ZGC attenuated MIA-induced OA damage through changes in histopathological and knee joint volumes. The serum matrix metalloproteinase-13 contents in the ZGC treatment group declined as compared to those in the MIA model group. Through ourin vitroandin vivostudies, we confirmed the anti-OA efficacy of ZGC and uncovered its detailed mechanism, and this treatment shed light on OA pathophysiology.
178-W picosecond green laser with active beam-pointing stabilization
Authors: Zhang Zhendong , Bai Zhenao , Song Xiaoquan , Zhang Yakai , Liang Bo , Liu Tingxia , Wang Weiguo 
Published: December 2022

Picosecond lasers with high average power and high beam quality have been widely used for precision processing and space exploration. In this study, we report a high-power picosecond green laser using a multistage Yb-doped rod-shaped photonic crystal fiber as an amplifier combined with a beam combination. The single amplification module achieves a 1,030 nm laser output of 146.8 W, and the maximum second harmonic generation (SHG) power is 92 W with a frequency conversion efficiency of 63.5%. The combined beam of the two SHGs resulted in a final output of 178 W with a repetition frequency of 24.07 MHz, pulse width of 50.1 ps, and beam quality factor of M2 = 1.16. Furthermore, an adaptive filter control method of a two-axis fast-steering mirror was applied to suppress the beam jitter to up to 45 Hz.
Citric acid assisted phytoextraction of nickle from soil helps to tolerate oxidative stress and expression profile of NRAMP genes in sunflower at different growth stages
Authors: Ijaz Munazza , Ansari Mahmood-ur-Rahman , Alafari Hayat Ali , Iqbal Muhammad , Alshaya Dalal S. , Fiaz Sajid , Ahmad Hafiz Muhammad , Zubair Muhammad , Ramzani Pia Muhammad Adnan , Iqbal Javed , Abushady Asmaa M. , Attia Kotb 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionSoil polluted with Nickel (Ni) adversely affects sunflower growth resulting in reduced yield. Counterbalancing Ni toxicity requires complex molecular, biochemical, and physiological mechanisms at the cellular, tissue, and whole plant levels, which might improve crop productivity. One of the primary adaptations to tolerate Ni toxicity is the enhanced production of antioxidant enzymes and the elevated expression of Ni responsive genes.MethodsIn this study, biochemical parameters, production of ROS, antioxidants regulation, and expression ofNRAMPmetal transporter genes were studied under Ni stress in sunflower. There were four soil Ni treatments (0, 50, 100, and 200 mg kg-1soil), while citric acid (CA, 5 mM kg-1soil) was applied on the 28thand 58thdays of plant growth. The samples for all analyses were obtained on the 30thand 60thday of plant growth, respectively.Results and discussionThe results indicated that the concentrations of Ni in roots and shoots were increased with increasing concentrations of Ni at both time intervals. Proline contents, ascorbic acid, protein, and total phenolics were reduced under Ni-stress, but with the application of CA, improvement was witnessed in their contents. The levels of malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide were enhanced with the increasing concentration of Ni, and after applying CA, they were reduced. The contents of antioxidants, i.e., catalase, peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, dehydroascorbate reductase, and glutathione reductase, were increased at 50 ppm Ni concentration and decreased at higher concentrations of Ni. The application of CA significantly improved antioxidants at all concentrations of Ni. The enhanced expression ofNRAMP1(4, 51 and 81 folds) andNRAMP3(1.05, 4 and 6 folds) was found at 50, 100 and 200ppm Ni-stress, respectively in 30 days old plants and the same pattern of expression was recorded in 60 days old plants. CA further enhanced the expression at both developmental stages.ConclusionIn conclusion, CA enhances Ni phytoextraction efficiency as well as protect plant against oxidative stress caused by Ni in sunflower.
Climate values as predictor of climate change perception in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Arnout Boshra A. 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundUnderstanding public perceptions of climate change and how individuals perceive it is critical to developing effective communication strategies, policies, and socially robust technologies to relieve the risks of climate change. Despite the growing literature on climate change, until now, researchers in Arab countries have not been interested in studying citizens’ perceptions of climate change or identifying the factors that predict it. This study aimed to identify and understand the nature and dynamics of public perceptions of climate change among Arab citizens and detect the level of climate change perception (CCP) and climate values (CV). Also, to detect the predictability of CCP from CV. As well as to reveal the differences between CCP and CV.MethodsA random sample consisted of 465 participants (236 male and 229 female), residents of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; their ages ranged from 30 years and over. The Climate Change Perception Questionnaire (CCPQ) and Climate Values Questionnaire (CVQ) were applied online.ResultsThe results found average levels of CCP and CV among the study sample. The results also revealed significant statistical differences in the CCP and CV due to gender in favor of females. As well as, there were significant statistical differences in the CCP due to the career field in favor of agriculture, engineering, and construction workers. Also, there were statistical differences in the emotional subscale of climate perception and CV due to age groups in favor of individuals whose ages ranged from 30 to 45 years. The results also found that the CV were a statistically significant predictor (1.2% of total variance) of climate perception.ConclusionThe current study showed an average level of CCP and CV among individuals in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabian. The findings also concluded that individuals’ perceptions of climate change are an individual response determined by the individual’s gender, age, and career field and are affected by his values about climate. These findings shed light on the need for climate communications to increase the level of CCP and CV, especially among males and individuals in the age group over 45 years and individuals working in various career fields, whether education, engineering and construction, and commerce and business, etc.; to improve the engagement in mitigation and adaptation measures to climate change.
Can second language metaphorical competence be taught through instructional intervention? A meta-analysis
Authors: Zhou Xiaoyong , Younas Muhammad , Omar Abdulfattah , Guan Lu 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundFor a long time, the traditional view regarded metaphor as merely a rhetorical device that served to enrich linguistic expression. With the continuous development of cognitive linguistics, foreign language educators began to realize the vital role of metaphor in foreign language education.ObjectivesThis study looked at how well pedagogical interventions improve metaphorical competence by looking at how well teachers teach metaphors.MethodsAfter a rigorous literature search and selection process from the Chinese and English databases, 13 Chinese and 7 international studies with 51 effect sizes were included in this meta-analysis. With the help of the meta-analysis 3.0 software, the literature and heterogeneity tests were performed to ensure that the meta-analysis results were as accurate and valid as possible.ResultsThe effect size tests revealed that the metaphorical instructional intervention was significantly effective in general and produced a large effect size (d = 0.888) on improving learners' metaphorical abilities. Meta-regression analyses were also conducted to examine how other factors might change the effects of the interventions.FindingsResearch has shown that instructional interventions that combine prolonged input of metaphorical concepts with reinforcement of metaphorical practice can help second language learners develop metaphorical competence. Teaching puts more pressure on teachers and the learning environment, and the results of this study could help teachers teach metaphors in the future.
The after-school sedentary behavior status among children and adolescents with intellectual disabilities
Authors: Yuan Yaqing , Ding Jianing , Wang Chao , Zhang Shaohua , Wang Yinping , Liu Yang , Liu Jingmin 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundThere is evidence that the after-school period plays an essential role in accumulating sedentary behavior (SB) among children and adolescents, as well as implementing potential interventions. However, relatively little is known regarding SB status of children and adolescents with intellectual disabilities (ID) during the after-school period. The purpose of this study was to investigate the total level and specific pattern of the after-school SB among children and adolescents with ID.MethodsThe after-school SB status among 325 children and adolescents with ID was evaluated by the parent-reported Children’s Leisure Activities Study Survey-Chinese edition questionnaire.ResultsParents of children and adolescents with ID reported approximately 204 min/day of after-school SB. Specifically, the longest time of the after-school period was spent performing the screen-based SB (84 mins/d). This was followed by recreational SB and educational SB (50 and 30 mins/d, respectively). The children aged 6–12 years old engaged more time in recreational SB than adolescents aged 16–18 years old (p &lt; 0.05) during the after-school period. Further, the data indicated that 37.5% of children and adolescents with ID achieved the guideline limitation of 2-h-maximum screen-based SB during the after-school hour.ConclusionChildren and adolescents with ID spent a large portion of the after-school period in SB, particularly engaged in more time on after-school screen-based SB. Future efforts should focus on developing and implementing period-specific interventions designed to reduce after-school SB in the segment of this population.
Seroepidemiology of pertussis in the east of China: Estimates of incidence of infection in adolescents and adults pre- and post-COVID-19
Authors: Chen Qiang , Wang Wen , Shi Xiuyun , Xu Yan , Zhu Yanhong , Wu Yun , Wang Zhiguo , Sun Hui , Sun Xiang 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionThe dramatic decrease in the number of reported cases of pertussis during COVID-19 pandemic has been underestimated. The objective was to compare the estimated incidence rate of pertussis in populations pre- and post-COVID-19 pandemic by analyzing the anti-pertussis toxin (anti-PT) IgG and anti-filamentous hemagglutininant (anti-FHA) IgG antibodies in healthy Chinese population from 2018 to 2021.MethodsAll serum samples (N = 1,000) were collected from healthy population (aged ≥ 15 years) who attended an annual monitoring project of antibody levels in Jiangsu province in 2018–2021 were measured by ELISA.ResultsThe positive rates of anti-PT IgG and anti-FHA IgG antibodies were 11.4% (114/1,000) and 20.2% (202/1,000) (≥40 IU/ml), the GMC were 17.25 (95% CI: 15.49–19.03) IU/mL and 24.94 (95% CI: 22.73–27.16) IU/mL in the study population, respectively. The percentage of participants with anti-PT IgG antibodies higher than 40 IU/mL was 5.20% (11/212) in 2018, 5.5% (19/348) in 2019, 21.2% (46/217) in 2020 and 17.0% (38/223) in 2021, respectively. The non-detectable rate (&lt;5 IU/mL) of anti-PT IgG antibodies was 16.9, 17.7, 28.1, and 37.3% in 2018, 2019, 2020, and 2021, respectively. We assumed that the infection occurred within 58.6 days, and based on the overall proportion (2.9%) of individuals with anti-PT IgG antibody ≥100 IU/ml, the incidence rate (/100) was estimated by the formula to be 18.08 (95% CI: 12.40–26.11). In addition, the estimated incidence of Post-COVID-19 was higher than that of Pre-COVID-19 (36.33/100 vs. 12.84/100), and the difference was statistically significant (p &lt; 0.05).ConclusionsOur results suggest a high rate of under-reporting of pertussis in Jiangsu Province both pre- and post-COVID-19 pandemic, and there are a large number of adults of childbearing age who are susceptible to pertussis. It seems imperative that vaccination of adolescents and adults should be considered for inclusion in vaccination programs.
Network analysis of anxiety and depression in the functionally impaired elderly
Authors: Yang Tianqi , Guo Zhihua , Cao Xiaoqin , Zhu Xia , Zhou Qin , Li Xinhong , Wang Hui , Wang Xiuchao , Wu Lin , Wu Shengjun , Liu Xufeng 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundEvidence from previous studies has confirmed that functionally impaired elderly individuals are susceptible to comorbid anxiety and depression. Network theory holds that the comorbidity emerges from interactions between anxiety and depression symptoms. This study aimed to investigate the fine-grained relationships among anxiety and depression symptoms in the functionally impaired elderly and identify central and bridge symptoms to provide potential targets for intervention of these two comorbid disorders.MethodsA total of 325 functionally impaired elderly individuals from five communities in Xi'an, China, were recruited for our investigation. The GAD-7 and PHQ-9 were used to measure anxiety and depression, respectively. SPSS 22.0 software was used for descriptive statistics, and R 4.1.1 software was used for network model construction, expected influence (EI) evaluation and bridge expected influence (BEI) evaluation.ResultsIn the network, there were 35 edges (indicating partial correlations between symptoms) across the communities of anxiety and depression, among which the strongest edge was A1 “Nervousness or anxiety”-D2 “Depressed or sad mood.” A2 “Uncontrollable worry” and D2 “Depressed or sad mood” had the highest EI values in the network, while A6 “Irritable” and D7 “Concentration difficulties” had the highest BEI values of their respective community. In the flow network, the strongest direct edge of D9 “Thoughts of death” was with D6 “Feeling of worthlessness.”ConclusionComplex fine-grained relationships exist between anxiety and depression in functionally impaired elderly individuals. “Uncontrollable worry,” “depressed or sad mood,” “irritable” and “concentration difficulties” are identified as the potential targets for intervention of anxiety and depression. Our study emphasizes the necessity of suicide prevention for functionally impaired elderly individuals, and the symptom “feeling of worthlessness” can be used as an effective target.
Evaluation of a machine learning algorithms for predicting the dental age of adolescent based on different preprocessing methods
Authors: Shen Shihui , Yuan Xiaoyan , Wang Jian , Fan Linfeng , Zhao Junjun , Tao Jiang 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundMachine learning (ML) algorithms play a key role in estimating dental age. In this study, three ML models were used for dental age estimation, based on different preprocessing methods.AimThe seven mandibular teeth on the digital panorama were measured and evaluated according to the Cameriere and the Demirjian method, respectively. Correlation data were used for decision tree (DT), Bayesian ridge regression (BRR), k-nearest neighbors (KNN) models for dental age estimation. An accuracy comparison was made among different methods.Subjects and methodsWe analyzed 748 orthopantomographs (392 males and 356 females) from eastern China between the age of 5 and 13 years in this retrospective study. Three models, DT, BRR, and KNN, were used to estimate the dental age. The data in ML is obtained according to the Cameriere method and the Demirjian method. Coefficient of determination (R2), mean error (ME), root mean square error (RMSE), mean square error (MSE) and mean absolute error (MAE), the above five metrics were used to evaluate the accuracy of age estimation.ResultsOur experimental results showed that the prediction accuracy of dental age was affected by ML algorithms. MD, MAD, MSE, RMSE of the dental age predicted by ML were significantly decreased. Among all the methods, the KNN model based on the Cameriere method had the highest accuracy (ME = 0.015, MAE = 0.473, MSE = 0.340, RMSE = 0.583, R2 = 0.94).ConclusionThe results show that the prediction accuracy of dental age is influenced by ML algorithms and preprocessing method. The KNN model based on the Cameriere method was able to infer dental age more accurately in a clinical setting.
The role of pharmaceutical industry in building resilient health system
Authors: Saxena Kanika , Balani Sunita , Srivastava Pallavi 
Published: December 2022

ObjectivesThis study explores the interrelationship among the current sustainability agenda of the pharmaceutical industry, based on the United Nation sustainable development goals (SDGs), the elements of the Joint External Evaluation (JEE) tool, and the triad components of the One Health approach.MethodsA cross-walk exercise was conducted to identify commonalities among SDGs, JEE assessment tool, and One Health approach. An in-depth study of 10 global pharmaceutical firms' corporate sustainability reports and COVID-19 response plan for 2019–2020 was also conducted.ResultsThe result of the exercise showed the existence of a direct and indirect relationship among the SDGs, elements of JEE assessment tool, and One Health approach. For example, both no poverty (SDG 1) and zero hunger (SDG 2) are linked with food safety targets under the JEE and with human and animal health under the One Health approach.ConclusionThis study adds a new dimension emphasizing the possibility of tailoring the pharmaceutical industry's activities under the sustainability agenda to strengthen global health security while remaining consistent with the One Health approach.
Parental smartphone addiction and adolescent smartphone addiction by negative parenting attitude and adolescent aggression: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Doo Eun-Young , Kim Ji-Hye 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionThis study aimed to examine the mediating role of negative parenting attitudes and adolescent aggression in the relationship between parents' and adolescents' smartphone addiction.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional descriptive study that used data from the 2018 Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey. The study involved 2,360 adolescents (1,275 boys, 54.0%, mean age 14.52 ± 0.33 years) and their parents (2,148 mothers, 91.0%), who used smartphones. Adolescents completed questionnaires assessing negative parenting attitudes, aggression, and smartphone addiction while parents completed questionnaires assessing their sociodemographic characteristics and smartphone addiction.ResultsParents' smartphone addiction was directly and indirectly related to adolescents' smartphone. Additionally, negative parenting attitudes and adolescent aggression played serial mediating roles in the relationship between parents' smartphone addiction and adolescent smartphone addiction.ConclusionThe findings suggest that it is necessary to consider parental smartphone addiction, parenting attitude, and adolescent aggression, when developing interventions to prevention smartphone addiction among adolescents. Moreover, it highlighted the importance of developing healthy parenting environment that includes parents' healthy smartphone use and positive parenting to prevent adolescents' smartphone addiction.