bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Patent Landscape of BRAF Target and KRAS Target
Authors: Zhang Hai-Long , Li Yongxia 
Published: December 2022

Background:
KRAS and BRAF targets are involved in the epidermal growth factor
receptor pathway. KRAS and BRAF targets are the most frequent driver mutations in cancer.

Objective:
The objective of the study was to present the recent developments in the KRAS target
and the BRAF target.

Method:
KRAS target and BRAF target were analyzed by US patent analysis. All US granted
patent documents from January 2002 to November 2021 were retrieved.

Results:
The results showed both KRAS and BRAF targets to be attractive targets for developing
anticancer drugs. The technology of RNA interference has been developed for drug discovery related
to the KRAS target. Our study indicates that the structural screening of inhibitors between
the KRAS target and the BRAF target should be an inverse option.

Conclusion:
The chemical structures of inhibitors of BRAF target exhibited a unique classification
of C07D405. The inhibitors of BRAF target could be used for the treatment of various cancers.
However, the inhibitors of KRAS target did not show this feature. The present study provides
new insight into drug discovery involving KRAS and BRAF targets.
Graph Theoretical analysis, in silico modeling and molecular dynamic studies of (5-((2-chloropyridin-4-yl)oxy)-3-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2-(4-substituted phenyl)-N,N-dimethylethen-1-amine derivatives for the treatment of breast cancer
Authors: Panneerselvam Theivendren , Kunjiappan Selvaraj , Govindaraj Saravanan , Gopal Murugananthan , Natarajan Kiruthiga , Hegde Yashoda Mariappa , Shanmugam Nivetha , Srinivas Geetha , Ravi Kaveena , Natarajan Vignesh 
Published: December 2022

Background:
We synthesized a series of novel amide derivatives of (5-((2-chloropyridin-4-yl)oxy)-3-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2-(4-substituted phenyl)-N,N-dimethylethen-1-amine [5a-5r] and assessed for their antiproliferative activity against human breast cancer cell line MCF7 by using MTT assay. Graph Theoretical analysis, in silico modeling, molecular dynamic studies, and ADME profile were screened for the synthesized compounds. Based on the observed report, the significant compounds were chosen for their anticancer activity. Graph Theoretical analysis, in silico modeling and molecular dynamic studies of (5-((2-chloropyridin-4-yl)oxy)-3-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2-(4-substitutedphenyl)-N,N-dimethylethen-1-amine derivatives for the treatment of breast cancer.

Methods:
5-((2-chloropyridin-4-yl)oxy) (2-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-3-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-3-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-1- (4-substituted phenyl) -N,N-dimethylethen-1-amine [5a-5r] was synthesized using 2-bromo-1-phenylethanone and (5-(2-chloropyridin-4-yloxy)-3-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-N,N-dimethylmethanamine with different aromatic aldehydes and their characterization studies were evaluated by IR, NMR, and mass spectral analysis.

Results:
The compound 2-(4-methylphenyl)-1-(5-((2-chloropyridin-4-yl)oxy)-3-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-N,N-dimethylethen-1-amine 5a and 2-(2-methylphenyl)-1-(5-((2-chloro pyridin-4-yl)oxy)-3-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-N,N-dimethylethen-1-amine 5c in the amide part exhibited promising cytotoxic activity against all cell lines with IC50 values of 3.3 mM for MCF-7 cells, and produced dramatic cell cycle arrest at EGFR phase as an indicator of apoptotic cell death induction.

Conclusion:
Based on their high potency in the cellular environment, these straightforward pyrazole-3-carboxamide derivatives may possess the potential to design more potent compounds for intervention with cancer cell proliferation.
Effects of Lunar Phases on Foot Temperature, Oxidative Stress, and Inflammation
in Type 2 Diabetic Subjects
Authors: Bhattacharjee Koena , Pramanik Subhasish , Chowdhury Sutanu Dutta , Basu Barnali Ray , Mondal Lakshmi Kanta 
Published: December 2022

Background:
It has been observed that the lunar phases alter the fasting plasma glucose
(FPG) level in type-2 diabetic (T2DM) subjects. Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) was also reported
to be associated with elevated foot temperature (FT), oxidative stress, and inflammation in
T2DM subjects.

Objectives:
The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the changes in FT, oxidative stress, and
inflammation levels and assess the relationship of FT with oxidative stress, antioxidant enzyme activity,
and inflammatory markers in T2DM subjects at different lunar phases.

Methods:
The plasma glucose, glycated hemoglobin, and dorsal and plantar surface temperatures of
the feet by infrared dermal thermometer were measured in 88 randomly selected T2DM subjects at
different lunar phases. The levels of oxidative stress and inflammation were assessed by measuring
malondialdehyde (MDA), glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH), and tumor necrosis factoralpha
(TNF-α).

Results:
The FTs, MDA, and TNF-α were significantly increased, and G6PDH activity was significantly
decreased in the new moon (NM) and full moon (FM) than in the third quarter (TQ) and first
quarter (FQ) for both sexes. The FTs, MDA, and TNF-α levels were significantly positively correlated,
whereas G6PDH activity was significantly negatively correlated with FPG at NM and FM in
both sexes. The MFT was significantly positively correlated with MDA and TNF-α and significantly
negatively correlated with G6PDH at NM and FM in T2DM subjects.

Conclusion:
The lunar phases showed a prominent influence on the FT, oxidative stress, and inflammatory
status in T2DM subjects, which might be due to the existence of biological rhythm interaction
with lunar electromagnetic radiations.
Anti-angiogenic Drug Resistance: Roles and Targeting of Non-coding
RNAs (microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs)
Authors: Dashtaki Masoumeh Eliyasi , Ghasemi Sorayya 
Published: December 2022

Abstract:
Cancers with a high capability for angiogenesis are frequently regarded as being difficult
to treat. Anti-angiogenesis drugs are considered the primary therapy for these types of
cancers. Due to intrinsic or acquired anti-angiogenesis resistance, therapies result in moderate
clinical consequences, despite some hopeful findings. The importance of non-coding RNAs
(ncRNAs) such as microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs
(circRNAs) in drug resistance mechanisms in cancer treatment has been discovered in the previous
decade. Anti-angiogenic drug resistance can be influenced by ncRNA dysregulation.
Hence, ncRNAs are potential drug resistance targets for new anti-angiogenic drugs in the inhibition
of angiogenesis in tumors. Furthermore, some ncRNAs can be employed as biomarkers
for anti-angiogenic drug responses and can be used to monitor cancer non-invasively. Combination
treatment approaches, combined with routine anti-angiogenesis and some drugs that target
the ncRNAs causing resistance, can be potential ways to overcome anti-angiogenesis resistance.
For the first time, we explain the mechanisms of anti-angiogenic drug resistance and
the related miRNAs and lncRNAs and their signaling pathways in commonly used antiangiogenic
drugs implicated in this review article. These ncRNAs could be suggestions for targeting
and reducing anti-angiogenic drugs in the future.
El “edadismo” laboral y previsional
Authors: Arese César 
Published: December 2022

El reconocimiento especial de los derechos de las personas mayores transita un largo y, claro, lento camino. El objeto personal comprendido es un universo general y extendido; todas las personas con indiferencia de sexo, raza, religión, etc. Por la sencilla razón evolutiva todos la alcanzarán irremediablemente, al menos que abandonen este mundo con anterioridad; sobrepasa barreras geográficas y diferencias culturales; es generalmente invisible o negado; peor aún, se exige a determinados trabajadores más jóvenes esforzarse por negar a los más antiguos y mayores; se reclama abiertamente una competencia, constante auto exigencia que deje de lado a los “menos aptos”; una maltusianismo social y laboral y, finalmente, sin agotar la cuestión, se trata de un sector de obvia multi‑vulnerabilidad (física, psíquica, formativa, etc.). PALABRAS CLAVES: personas mayores – discriminación etaria en el trabajo – igualdad salarial – discapacidad – jubilación – representación sindical ‑ derechos previsionales
Distanciation and the Recontextualization of Space: Finding One’s Way in a Small Western Community
Authors: Gabbert Lisa 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn the 1990s, the city of McCall, Idaho, and the surrounding region implemented the Rural Addressing System. The system assigned a name to every street and a number to every house and erected visible signage for both. Although a seemingly minor bureaucratic operation, the Rural Addressing System is a concrete example of Anthony Giddens’s concept of space distanciation, and as such, it is a significant component of modernity and globalization. By investigating the impact of the Rural Addressing System on this region-particularly on the ways in which people give directions and think about space there-this article sheds light on how abstract processes such as modernization and globalization actually manifest in everyday life, the effects of those processes, and how people respond to them.
From the Barn to the Bowery and Back Again: Musical Routes in Rural Ohio, 1800-1929 [Phillips Barry Lecture, October 2000]
Authors: Sacks Howard L. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDrawing on a community study of musicians from Mount Vernon, Ohio, I examine the interpenetration of regional and national musical cultures by examining the repertoires and life histories of Dan Emmett, founder of the first professional blackface minstrel troupe in 1843; the Snowden Family Band, African American stringband musicians who performed in the 1850s through 1920; and John Baltzell, a champion fiddler of the 1920s. Instead of viewing national trends as destructive of regionality, I propose that artists are (and were) selective, active participants in the process of forming repertoire and style. Community-based musicians respond to a variety of national musical influences while maintaining a continuing attachment to locality.
The Footfall of Words: A Reverie on Walking withNuestra Señora de Guadalupe
Authors: Sklar Deidre 
Published: December 2022

Abstract"The Footfall of Words" enacts the problem of sensate and relational knowledge vis-à-vis fieldwork and deskwork. The bulk of the essay is a rhythmic evocation of the climactic procession performed annually in Tortugas, New Mexico, during the fiesta of Our Lady of Guadalupe. The rhythmic play disturbs the traditional ethnographic stance to engage somatic understanding, an epistemological mode on which the potency of the fiesta depends; on the other hand, theory interrupts the rhythmic seduction to call attention to the sensory and verbal, somatic, and symbolic interplays involved.
A seasonal idiopathic hepatitis syndrome in horses presented to a Midwestern veterinary teaching hospital
Authors: Taylor Sandra D. , Kritchevsky Janice E. , Huang Patrick , Olave Carla , Waxman Sarah J. , Miller Margaret A. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To report history, clinical examination findings, clinicopathologic findings, diagnostic test results, treatment, and outcome in horses with a novel idiopathic hepatitis syndrome.

ANIMALS
13 client-owned horses.

PROCEDURES
Medical records of horses that were presented with fever and increased blood liver enzyme activity over a 16-month period were reviewed (December 1, 2020, to April 1, 2022). Collected data included signalment, history, clinical and clinicopathologic findings, diagnostic test results, treatment, clinical progression, and short-term outcome.

RESULTS
Affected horses were presented between December and April of each of the 2 seasons investigated. The majority of horses developed cyclic fevers over the course of 3 weeks, during which time histologic evidence of hepatitis was observed. Histologic lesions included hepatic necrosis, neutrophilic to lymphohistiocytic inflammation, biliary epithelial injury, and portal fibrosis. Systemic inflammation was evidenced by increased serum amyloid A concentration and leukon changes. No horse developed signs of hepatic insufficiency, and all horses clinically recovered. Return of serum activity of GGT to within the reference range occurred within 16 weeks in most horses. Histologic lesions remained evident up to 27 weeks after initial presentation in 1 horse.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Although an etiologic agent has not been identified, an apparently seasonal equine hepatitis syndrome was characterized by fever, systemic inflammation, increased liver enzyme activity, and histologic evidence of hepatitis. An infectious cause is suspected on the basis of histology and outcome.
Evaluation of a treatment protocol in dogs with intraspinal spirocercosis
Authors: Asiag Nimrod , Chai Orit , Yodovner Sapir , Ruggeri Marco , Rapaport Kira , Baneth Gad , Nachum-Biala Yaarit , Konstantin Lilach , Rojas Alicia , Brenner Ori , Bruchim Yaron , Shamir Merav H. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the efficiency and safety of a doramectin-based treatment protocol in dogs affected by intraspinal spirocercosis (Spirocerca lupi).

ANIMALS
Client-owned dogs that were admitted to a veterinary hospital during 2021 to 2022 with acute onset of neurological signs and diagnosed with intraspinal spirocercosis. All dogs underwent complete neurological evaluation, CSF analysis, PCR confirmation of CNS S lupi infection, and follow-up evaluation of at least 6 months.

PROCEDURES
Upon diagnosis, dogs were treated with doramectin at a dose of 400 μg/kg, SC, q 24 h for 3 consecutive days, followed by the same dose once a week for 6 weeks. Prednisone was administered at a dose of 1 mg/kg, PO, q 24 h and tapered every 3 days. Antimicrobial clindamycin was administered at a dose of 12.5 mg/kg, PO, q 12 h for 7 days to reduce the risk of secondary spinal cord infection. Short- and long-term outcomes (1 week to 56 months) were recorded.

RESULTS
8 dogs fulfilled the inclusion criteria, 7 of which presented with neurological deficits and 1 with cervical pain. Initiation of treatment was associated with stopping the deterioration in 7 of 8 dogs. Seven dogs improved and 6 recovered ambulation. One dog was euthanized due to lack of improvement. Six of the recovered dogs were still ataxic on the last follow-up examination at 6 to 56 months. No adverse effects of the drug were noted.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Frequent administration of doramectin was found to be safe and effective in preventing neurological deterioration in dogs with intraspinal spirocercosis.
Seed Germination of Scabiosa stellata (Caprifoliaceae), a Potential Medicinal Plant
Authors: Kheloufi Abdenour , Mansouri Lahouaria Mounia , Vanbellinghen Cecile 
Published: December 2022

Summary
Increasing seed germination of native medicinal plant species is fundamental to improving conservation and restoration practices, especially for threatened ecosystems. However, the seeds of some species exhibit poor germination, limiting propagation and large-scale distribution. In this study, the effect of temperature on seed germination of a medicinal plant Scabiosa stellata was investigated in vitro. Germination of S. stellata was tested at constant temperatures of 10, 20, 25, 30 and 40 °C, coupled with total darkness. The seeds enclosed by achenes were cultured in Petri dishes (0.8% agar water) with 7 replicates of 10 seeds, for 15 days of incubation. The germination kinetics were determined according to the final germination percentage (FGP), the mean germination time (MGT), the seedling survival percentage (SS) and the seedling total length (STL). Temperatures had a significant effect (p< 0.001) on all parameters studied. Germination kinetics indicated that S. stellata seeds were non-dormant. The average seed germination percentage relative to temperatures ranged from 31.4% (30 °C) to 94.2% (25 °C). The temperature of 25 °C was found to be very suitable with 94.2% FGP, 5.37 days of MGT and 7.82 cm of STL, while the temperature of 20 °C optimally improved germination with 58.5% of FGP. In addition, a significant 62.8% reduction in FGP was observed at 30 °C temperature compared to 25 °C. No germination was observed at 10 °C and 40 °C over a period of 15 days. Analysis also revealed that a period of 10 days after sowing seeds is suitable for final germination counts in S. stellata seeds. An overview of the establishment of S. stellata seedlings over a 30-day period in pots is also presented. Germination of seeds of S. stellata is epigeal type.
Counter Agronomic Systems and Maize Seed Vigour
Authors: Pantović Jelena Golijan , Jovičić Dušica , Lekić Slavoljub , Sečanski Mile 
Published: December 2022

Summary
The quality and provenance of seed are of exceptional importance for the production and yield of cultivated plants. There are numerous tests for determination of seed vigour. The seed accelerated ageing test is one of the most important tests that provide determination of the degree of germination preservation and the seed longevity in storages. The aim of this study was to observe the effect of different production methods – organic and conventional – on seed vigour of maize (variety Rumenka), using the seed accelerated ageing test. Maize seeds were exposed to double stress conditions (temperature of 45 °C, air humidity of 100%) for 72h. Maize seed germination was determined by the standard germination test and was expressed as a percentage. The results of vigour of maize seeds organically produced indicated that the application of the seed accelerated ageing test increased the first count (78.5%) in relation to the standard germination test (70.75%), and a significantly higher percentage of nongerminated seeds (10.25%) were recorded. Furthermore, the radicle length decreased (120.75 mm), while the length of the seedling above-ground part (117.13 mm) and fresh weight (4.56 g) increased. In maize seeds conventionally produced, the first count and germination were higher (41.5% and 46.25%, respectively) after the application of the seed accelerated ageing test, while the percentage of nongerminated seeds were higher (38.75%). In addition, the length (105.88 mm) and fresh weight (4.43 g) of the seedling above-ground part decreased, while the values of the radicle length (137.5 mm), fresh weight (2.39 mm) and dry weight (0.28 mm) as well as dry weight of above-ground parts of seedlings (0.31 g) were higher than after the application of the standard laboratory method (127.88 mm, 1.89 g, 0.17 mm and 0.31 g, respectively).
Application of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in Agriculture: A Case of Women Farmers in Sri Lanka
Authors: Rathnachandra S. D. D. , Malkanthi S. H. P. 
Published: December 2022

Summary
The role of women in the growth and development of agriculture in Sri Lanka has been increasing considerably. However, inadequate attention has been devoted to the use of information and communication technology (ICT) by Sri Lankan women farmers. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to explore the application of ICT in agriculture by women farmers in the Imbulpe Divisional Secretariat (DS) Division in Sri Lanka. The primary data used in the study were collected from a total of 230 women farmers in the study area from March to July 2019, using a pre-tested, self-administered questionnaire survey. Moreover, focus group discussions and participatory observations were also conducted. The results obtained indicate that the majority of the women farmers considered were middle-aged and married, belonging to families with 4-6 members. Most of them had received education up to a junior secondary level. Their monthly total average income was 24,000 LKR. The below mentioned ICT equipment were commonly used by the women farmers for agricultural purposes: television (51.5%), the radio (43.9%) and mobile phones (52.1%). The use of personal computers, the internet and CD/DVDs was at lower levels. Although they were found to use ICT mostly for day-to-day activities, the application of ICT in their agricultural activities was fairly low. However, most of them expressed the desire to learn about ICT. According to the regression analysis conducted, a positive and statistically significant relationship was established between the farm size and respondents’ ICT literacy. Furthermore, a positive and moderately significant relationship was found between the respondents’ educational level and ICT use. High initial costs and the lack of comprehensive knowledge about ICT equipment maintenance were the major challenges they had encountered. Admittedly, as the women farmers considered apply ICT to a certain level, their use of ICT in agriculture should be further enhanced. Therefore, supplying useful ICT equipment to Sri Lankan women farmers at concession prices, accompanied by an awareness program on the use and maintenance of such equipment, would be highly beneficial.
Linear Greenery in Urban Areas and Green Corridors Case Study: Blvd. Bosnia and Herzegovina and Blvd. Hristijan Todorovski Karposh, Skopje, North Macedonia
Authors: Stipanović Viktorija Brndevska , Čukanović Jelena , Orlović Saša , Atanasovska Jasminka Rizovska , Andonovski Vlatko , Simovski Bojan 
Published: December 2022

Summary
Increasing population, expansion of urban areas and rapid urbanization are the main causes of losing green spaces, which results in many environmental problems and threatens the quality of urban life. Urban green spaces are of great importance and urban planning issues nowadays gain increasing popularity. It is realized that biological methodologies need to be used in urban planning, otherwise the quality of life will be more threatened. In order to discover the meaning and importance of green corridors in urban areas, a literature review was undertaken. Boulevards, as green corridors, are very important linear parts in the structures of dense modern cities. If planned and designed properly, they mitigate the negative effects of densely built urban environment. Green corridors provide numerous environmental benefits, they are an essential factor of sustainability and have a significant impact on biodiversity. Green corridors also provide social benefits, by enhancing well-being through contact with nature. They decrease health problems and improve the quality of life. The importance of urban green corridors was observed and presented on the example of Blvd. Bosnia and Herzegovina and Blvd. Hristijan Todorovski Karposh, which form an important ecological network in the northern part of Skopje, North Macedonia. The emphasis is on planning, designing and improving green corridors in urban areas like Skopje. Although these two boulevards are well designed as green corridors, with preserved old line greenery, planted with many different plant species (trees, shrubs, perennials), covered by grass, with bicycle and pedestrian paths, there is still potential for improvement. Linear parks on both sides of the new part of the Blvd. Hristijan Todorovski Karposh would be a great idea.