bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Micellar enhanced ultrafiltration of phenol with dodecylpyridinium chloride and sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate
Authors: Ontiveros Jesús F. , Bullón Johnny , Cárdenas Antonio 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMicellar enhanced ultrafiltration is a surfactant‐based separation process for wastewater treatment. The ultrafiltration of dodecyl pyridinium chloride (DPC) and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS) solutions was realized with 5 kDa and 15 kDa molecular weight cut‐off ceramic membranes. Surfactant concentrations under and over the micellar critical concentration at three different pressures were studied, and their effects on permeate flux and retention are reported. It was found that an increase in pressure operation, in 0.8–1.8 bar range, causes a lower surfactant concentration in permeate by the presence of a polarization layer. These systems were studied for phenol removal. DPC/phenol system (73.5 mM/0.53 mM) reaches a 61% removal of organic solute. SDBS/phenol system (14.7 mM/0.58 mM) reaches a 25% removal, both with 5 kDa membrane at 1.8 bar. In the case of the cationic surfactant the micelle's positive charge plays a preponderant role in attracting the phenol molecules, while the SDBS does not present this electrostatic interaction.
Osteoconductivity and neurotoxicity of silver‐containing hydroxyapatite coating cage for spinal interbody fusion in rats
Authors: Nakashima Takema , Morimoto Tadatsugu , Hashimoto Akira , Kii Sakumo , Tsukamoto Masatsugu , Miyamoto Hiroshi , Todo Mitsugu , Sonohata Motoki , Mawatari Masaaki 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe use of spinal instrumentation is an established risk factor for postoperative infection. To address this problem, we prepared silver‐containing hydroxyapatite coating, consisting of highly osteoconductive hydroxyapatite interfused with silver. The technology has been adopted for total hip arthroplasty. Silver‐containing hydroxyapatite coating has been reported to have good biocompatibility and low toxicity. However, no studies about applying this coating in spinal surgery have addressed the osteoconductivity and direct neurotoxicity to the spinal cord of silver‐containing hydroxyapatite cages in spinal interbody fusion.AimIn this study, we evaluated the osteoconductivity and neurotoxicity of silver‐containing hydroxyapatite‐coated implants in rats.Materials & MethodsTitanium (non‐coated, hydroxyapatite‐coated, and silver‐containing hydroxyapatite‐coated) interbody cages were inserted into the spine for anterior lumbar fusion. At 8 weeks postoperatively, micro‐computed tomography and histology were performed to evaluate the osteoconductivity of the cage. Inclined plane test and toe pinch test were performed postoperatively to assess neurotoxicity.ResultsMicro‐computed tomography data indicated no significant difference in bone volume/total volume among the three groups. Histologically, the hydroxyapatite‐coated and silver‐containing hydroxyapatite‐coated groups showed significantly higher bone contact rate than that of the titanium group. In contrast, there was no significant difference in bone formation rate among the three groups. Data of inclined plane and toe pinch test showed no significant loss of motor and sensory function in the three groups. Furthermore, there was no degeneration, necrosis, or accumulation of silver in the spinal cord on histology.ConclusionsThis study suggests that silver‐hydroxyapatite‐coated interbody cages produce good osteoconductivity and are not associated with direct neurotoxicity.
Outcome of Imaging and Biopsy of BI‐RADS Category 3 Lesions
Authors: Polat Dogan S. , Merchant Kanwal , Hayes Jody , Omar Lena , Compton Lindsay , Dogan Basak E. 
Published: November 2022

ObjectivesTo identify biopsy rates and indications for BI‐RADS 3 lesions in a large cohort of patients and compare with follow‐up compliance and malignancy outcomes.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed all BI‐RADS category‐3 lesions seen on mammography and/or ultrasound between 2013 and 2015. Patient age, lesion size, follow‐up rates at 6‐, 12‐, and 24‐months were collected. Biopsy timing, indication, and outcomes (malignant vs benign) were recorded using at least 2‐year follow‐up or biopsy pathology as endpoint.ResultsOf 2319 BI‐RADS 3 lesions in 2075 women analyzed, biopsy was performed in 173 (7.5%). Most biopsies were performed upfront (99, 57.2%), followed by at 6 (44, 25.4%), 12 (21, 12.1%), and 24‐month follow‐up (9, 5.2%; P < .001). Palpable (P < .001) and larger (median 1.4 vs 1.0 cm, P < .001) lesions in women <40 years (15.2% vs 4.8%, P < .001) were more likely to undergo biopsy. Most biopsies were prompted by patient/physician desire (64.5%, P < .001). Of 783 lesions with available endpoint, 5 (0.6%) were cancer. All cancers were identified either at presentation (in 0–5 months, n = 1) or 6‐month follow‐up (in 5–9 months, n = 4) with biopsy prompted by either morphology change (n = 3) or lesion growth (n = 2). Of the 1855 lesions which were expected for follow up, only 310 (16.7%) underwent all follow‐ups, while 482 (26.1%) had two, 489 (26.5%) one, and 565 (30.6%) had no follow‐up.ConclusionsIn our cohort, BI‐RADS category 3 lesions had significantly higher biopsy rates compared with the small malignancy rate, all of which were identified at baseline or first follow‐up. Overall patient follow‐up compliance low. Imaging follow‐up, especially at first 6‐month time point, should be encouraged in BI‐RADS 3 lesions, instead of upfront biopsies.
How is the z‐Average Molar Mass Related to the Sedimentation Data?
Authors: Ye Xiaodong , Chen Yonggang , Wu Chi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractNowadays, students, professors, and researchers in the field of polymer education and research know how different average molar masses of polymer chains are defined in textbooks, but not everyone knows that these different averages actually come from different experimental methods, not purely from different mathematical definitions and calculations. Some of the detailed knowledge have been lost in literature and even textbooks during the polymer development process. The z‐average molar mass (Mz) is one of the typical examples; namely, why it is called the z‐average and how it is related to the concentration profile inside an ultracentrifuge cell. Currently, it is rather difficult, if not impossible, to find how to derive the final equation used in the calculation of Mz. It is the purpose of this paper to show a simple and nontedious derivation of how to obtain Mz from a sedimentation experiment, very different from the original old paper published by Lansing and Kraemer in 1935. It is also experimentally shown how to calculate Mz by using the ultracentrifuge data from a mixture of three polystyrene standards.
Regularity via one vorticity component for the 3D axisymmetric MHD equations
Authors: Guo Zhengguang , Chen Fangru 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we investigate the regularity criteria of axisymmetric weak solutions to the three‐dimensional (3D) incompressible magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) equations with nonzero swirl component. By making use of techniques of the Littlewood–Paley decomposition, we show that weak solutions to the 3D axisymmetric MHD equations become regular if the swirl component of vorticity satisfies that , which partially gives a positive answer to the marginal case for the regularity of MHD equations.
Foliations by curves on threefolds
Authors: Cavalcante Alana , Jardim Marcos , Santiago Danilo 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe study the conormal sheaves and singular schemes of one‐dimensional foliations on smooth projective varieties X of dimension 3 and Picard rank 1. We prove that if the singular scheme has dimension 0, then the conormal sheaf is μ‐stable whenever the tangent bundle is stable, and apply this fact to the characterization of certain irreducible components of the moduli space of rank 2 reflexive sheaves on and on a smooth quadric hypersurface . Finally, we give a classification of local complete intersection foliations, that is, foliations with locally free conormal sheaves, of degree 0 and 1 on Q3.
Satisfaction with web‐based courses on clinical practice guidelines for psychiatrists: Findings from the “Effectiveness of Guidelines for Dissemination and Education in Psychiatric Treatment (EGUIDE)” project
Authors: Iida Hitoshi , Okada Tsuyoshi , Nemoto Kiyotaka , Hasegawa Naomi , Numata Shusuke , Ogasawara Kazuyoshi , Miura Kenichiro , Matsumoto Junya , Hori Hikaru , Iga Jun‐ichi , Ichihashi Kayo , Hashimoto Naoki , Yamada Hisashi , Ohi Kazutaka , Yasui‐Furukori Norio , Fukumoto Kentaro , Tsuboi Takashi , Usami Masahide , Furihata Ryuji , Takaesu Yoshikazu , Hishimoto Akitoyo , Muraoka Hiroyuki , Katsumoto Eiichi , Nagasawa Tatsuya , Ochi Shinichiro , Komatsu Hiroshi , Kikuchi Saya , Takeshima Masahiro , Onitsuka Toshiaki , Tamai Shinichiro , Kubota Chika , Inada Ken , Watanabe Koichiro , Kawasaki Hiroaki , Hashimoto Ryota 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTo disseminate, educate, and validate psychiatric clinical practice guidelines, the Effectiveness of Guidelines for Dissemination and Education in Psychiatric Treatment (EGUIDE) project was launched in 2016. In this study, we investigated whether the web‐based courses offered by this project would be as effective as the face‐to‐face courses. We analyzed and compared survey answers about overall participant satisfaction with the course and answers regarding clinical knowledge of schizophrenia and major depressive disorder between 170 participants who took the web‐based courses in 2020 and 689 participants who took the face‐to‐face courses from 2016 to 2019. The web‐based course participants completed the survey questions about satisfaction with the web‐based courses. The web‐based courses were conducted using a combination of web services to make it as similar as possible to the face‐to‐face courses. The degree of satisfaction assessed by the general evaluation of the web‐based courses was higher than what was expected from the face‐to‐face courses. The degree of satisfaction was similar for the courses on schizophrenia and major depressive disorder. In addition, there were no significant differences in overall satisfaction and clinical knowledge between web‐based and face‐to‐face courses. In conclusion, the web‐based courses on clinical practice guidelines provided by the EGUIDE project were rated as more satisfying than the face‐to‐face course that the participants expected to take and no differences in the effectiveness of either course. The results suggest that, after the COVID‐19 pandemic, it would be possible to disseminate this educational material more widely by adopting web‐based courses additionally face‐to‐face courses.
Skeletal evidence for two external auditory canal disorder cases from medieval China
Authors: Zhao Dongyue , He Letian , Xing Fulai 
Published: November 2022

AbstractEar diseases, especially external auditory canal (EAC) disorders, are rarely reported in paleopathology. This study reports on the archaeological skeletal remains of two adults from the medieval period in China that presented with bony destruction in the external auditory canal (EAC). The observed pathological changes were evaluated macroscopic and microscopic, and micro‐CT (micro‐computed tomography) was used to examine the extent of lesion involvement. The lesions in Case 1 involved the EAC and mastoid process with smooth and regular margins. We, therefore, concluded that EAC cholesteatoma is the most likely diagnosis. In Case 2, the lesion was in the superior and posterior walls of the EAC as well as in the mastoid air cells. In this case, we arrive at the diagnosis of EAC infection. Furthermore, the potential impact of these ear diseases has been discussed. This report addresses the lack of detailed descriptions of EAC diseases in previous paleopathological publications and emphasizes the fact that the diagnosis of ear diseases in this context requires comprehensive observations of lesions as well as of all adjacent structures.
Preparation of degradable aliphatic polyester elastomers with tunable strength and elasticity via photo‐crosslinking
Authors: Kang Feifei , Yang Yan , Wang Wenpin , Li Zhibo 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDegradable polyester elastomers are highly desirable for biomedical applications. Here, highly transparent and degradable aliphatic polyester elastomers were prepared using the ring‐opening copolymerization (ROCP) of commercial monomers, followed by a photo‐crosslinking process. A series of the semi‐crystalline copolyester (PMBL‐co‐PBL‐co‐PCL) precursors with different molecular weights and pendent vinyl contents were synthesized by one‐pot ROCP of α‐methylene‐γ‐butyrolactone (MBL), ε‐caprolactone (ε‐CL) and γ‐butyrolactone (γ‐BL). Then, UV irradiation was applied to photo‐crosslink the precursors to obtain several elastomers. The obtained aliphatic polyester elastomers (CPEs) displayed excellent mechanical properties with high tensile strength (11.3 MPa), high elongation at break (1300%) and high elastic recovery (about 99% after 10 hysteresis cycles). In addition, the elastomer showed much better stability than uncrosslinked (co)polyesters, but maintained degradability in the basic aqueous solution, with ~30% of the mass loss in 1 M NaOH solution after 30 days. Through efficient ROCP, we demonstrated a strategy to prepare degradable CPEs bearing high strength, good elasticity, excellent resilience and degradation capability, which can serve as sustainable elastomers for various applications.
Effects of telehealth on functional capacity, mental health and quality of life among older people with dementia: LAPESI telehealth protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Tsen Carolina , Andreatto Carla Andreza de Almeida , Aily Jéssica Bianca , Pelicioni Paulo Henrique Silva , Neto Décio Bueno , Mattiello Stela Márcia , Gomes Grace Angélica de Oliveira , de Andrade Larissa Pires 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundTelehealth can be an alternative action at a distance that can help as a form of motor intervention, alleviating the deleterious effects arising from social distancing on functional capacity, mental health and quality of life among older people with dementia during the COVID‐19 pandemic.PurposeWe aim to analyze the effects of a telehealth program on functional capacity, mental health and quality of life among older people with dementia and their caregivers.Methodsseventy‐eight individuals with mild and moderate dementia and their caregivers will answer an anamnesis and be evaluated through Clinical Dementia Assessment Score. They will also be evaluated by blinded examiners in terms of functional capacity (Activities of Daily Living Questionnaire and World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0), mental health (Mini‐Mental State Examination, Clock Drawing Test, Verbal Fluency test and the Neuropsychiatric Inventor) and quality of life (Quality of Life in Alzheimer's Disease scale). Afterward, the volunteers will be randomized into the telehealth training group and the control group. The TR will perform systematic physical and cognitive exercises in 50‐min sessions three times a week with professional monitoring, while the CG will receive non‐systematized guidance, both for 12 weeks. Participants will be evaluated at baseline, immediately after the three‐month interventions and with a 12‐week follow‐ up.DiscussionTechnological approaches such as telehealth can be a viable alternative in home care service during times of pandemic. We expect that older people with dementia and their caregivers have high adherence to the telehealth program and improve their functional capacity, mental health and quality of life of older people with dementia. Telehealth is an alternative that can contribute to public policies and the development of effective intervention strategies that neutralize adverse outcomes. It can also be presented as an alternative to home care services, which could reduce demands for health resources.
Non-periodic solutions of the Goła̧b–Schinzel type functional equation
Authors: Chudziak Jacek 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe determine the solutions of the Goła̧b-Schinzel type functional equation in the class of non-periodic functions. Applying this result we give a positive answer to the problem raised by E. Jabłońska (Aequationes Math 87:125–133, 2014).
A phase 1b single-arm trial of intratumoral oncolytic virus V937 in combination with pembrolizumab in patients with advanced melanoma: results from the CAPRA study
Authors: Silk Ann W. , O’Day Steven J. , Kaufman Howard L. , Bryan Jennifer , Norrell Jacqueline T. , Imbergamo Casey , Portal Daniella , Zambrano-Acosta Edwin , Palmeri Marisa , Fein Seymour , Wu Cai , Guerreiro Leslie , Medina Daniel , Bommareddy Praveen K. , Zloza Andrew , Fox Bernard A. , Ballesteros-Merino Carmen , Ren Yixin , Shafren Darren , Grose Mark , Vieth Joshua A. , Mehnert Janice M. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
CAPRA (NCT02565992) evaluated Coxsackievirus A21 (V937) + pembrolizumab for metastatic/unresectable stage IIIB–IV melanoma.

Methods
Patients received intratumoral V937 on days 1, 3, 5, and 8 (then every 3 weeks [Q3W]) and intravenous pembrolizumab 2 mg/kg Q3W from day 8. Primary endpoint was safety.

Results
Median time from first dose to data cutoff was 32.0 months. No dose-limiting toxicities occurred; 14% (5/36) of patients experienced grade 3‒5 treatment-related adverse events. Objective response rate was 47% (complete response, 22%). Among 17 responders, 14 (82%) had responses ≥ 6 months. Among 8 patients previously treated with immunotherapy, 3 responded (1 complete, 2 partial). Responses were associated with increased serum CXCL10 and CCL22, suggesting viral replication contributes to antitumor immunity. For responders versus nonresponders, there was no difference in baseline tumor PD-L1 expression, ICAM1 expression, or CD3+ infiltrates. Surprisingly, the baseline cell density of CD3+CD8− T cells in the tumor microenvironment was significantly lower in responders compared with nonresponders (P = 0.0179).

Conclusions
These findings suggest responses to this combination may be seen even in patients without a typical “immune-active” microenvironment.

Trial registration number
NCT02565992.
Significance of hypergammaglobulinemia in patients with chronic myelomonocytic leukemia
Authors: Zack Marie-Therese , Geissler Klaus 
Published: November 2022

SummaryChronic inflammation is often indicated by a relative increase in the gamma globulin fraction in the serum electrophoresis. In a retrospective study, we analyzed the prevalence of relative hypergammaglobulinemia in 60 patients with chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML), its potential prognostic impact, and potential correlations with laboratory and molecular features. Relative hypergammaglobulinemia (> 20%) was found in 25/60 (42%) patients. The median survival of patients with relative hypergammaglobulinemia was significantly shorter than in patients without hypergammaglobulinemia (10 vs. 24 months, p = 0.018). There was no difference between the groups regarding leukocyte count, hemoglobin value, and platelet count, but a higher prevalence of NRAS mutations and a lower prevalence of ZRSR2 mutations in patients with hypergammaglobulinemia. Our results show that hypergammaglobulinemia is present in a proportion of CMML patients and that this abnormality is associated with poor overall survival. The role of chronic inflammation in the pathophysiology of CMML needs to be further investigated.
Die Klimakrise als ethische Herausforderung
Authors: Kenner Lukas , Kenner Samuel , Prainsack Barbara , Wallner Peter , Lemmerer Kathrin , Weitensfelder Lisbeth , Hutter Hans-Peter 
Published: November 2022

ZusammenfassungDer Klimawandel ist eine Gefahr für Gesundheit und soziale Sicherheit von Milliarden von Menschen. Gesundheit und Lebensqualität werden unter dem Einfluss der Klimakrise zunehmend auf vielfältige Weise beeinträchtigt. Der Anstieg der globalen Temperaturen hat häufigere, stärkere Extremwetterereignisse zur Folge, die insgesamt und speziell in der Gesundheitsversorgung zur weiteren Aggravierung von Ungleichheit, Diskriminierung und Ungerechtigkeit beitragen. Zudem begünstigen die klimatischen Bedingungen die Übertragung zahlreicher Infektionskrankheiten und ihr Vordringen in neue Regionen. Sozio-ökonomisch benachteiligte Gebiete mit schwacher Gesundheitsinfrastruktur, etwa im globalen Süden, werden am wenigsten in der Lage sein, ohne gezielte Unterstützung die Folgen der Klimakrise zu bewältigen. Oberstes Gebot ist es, die Verringerung der Treibhausgasemissionen in den Bereichen Verkehr, Energie- und Nahrungsmittelproduktion zu erreichen – auf globaler, nationaler und regionaler Ebene, um negative Gesundheitsfolgen zu mildern. Das Pariser Übereinkommen (2015) ist daher auch als entscheidendes Gesundheitsabkommen zu begreifen. Der Fokus dieses Beitrages liegt auf ethischen Aspekten des Klimawandels im Gesundheitsbereich.
Igbo-Ukwu Textiles: AMS Dating and Fiber Analysis
Authors: McIntosh Susan Keech , Cartwright Caroline R. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThurstan Shaw’s excavations at Igbo-Ukwu revealed many artifacts and technologies that remain astonishing, unique, and incompletely understood, both within Africa and more broadly, even after 50 years. Among these are the textiles recovered primarily from Igbo Isaiah, where fragments were preserved by contact with the bronze artifacts gathered in what has been interpreted as a shrine. In the 1960s, an analysis of 20 textile samples was unable to identify the plant fibers used to weave the fabric. In this article, we report the results of new fiber identifications based on the SEM study of two Igbo-Ukwu fabric samples curated by the British Museum. The combination of bast fibers from one or more species of the fig tree (Ficus genus) and leaf fibers from Raphia sp. provides evidence of a complex indigenous weaving technology that has largely disappeared from Africa. An AMS date on one of the samples provides an important new element to our understanding of the culture and chronology of Igbo-Ukwu. A final section positions the Igbo-Ukwu cloth within the known history of textiles in Africa, emphasizing sub-Saharan West Africa over the past two millennia.
Topographic Mapping of the Primary Sensory Cortex Using Intraoperative Optical Imaging and Tactile Irritation
Authors: Polanski Witold H. , Oelschlägel Martin , Juratli Tareq A. , Wahl Hannes , Krukowski Pawel M. , Morgenstern Ute , Koch Edmund , Steiner Gerald , Schackert Gabriele , Sobottka Stephan B. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe determination of exact tumor boundaries within eloquent brain regions is essential to maximize the extent of resection. Recent studies showed that intraoperative optical imaging (IOI) combined with median nerve stimulation is a helpful tool for visualization of the primary sensory cortex (PSC). In this technical note, we describe a novel approach of using IOI with painless tactile irritation to demonstrate the feasibility of topographic mapping of different body regions within the PSC. In addition, we compared the IOI results with preoperative functional MRI (fMRI) findings. In five patients with tumors located near the PSC who received tumor removal, IOI with tactile irritation of different body parts and fMRI was applied. We showed that tactile irritation of the hand in local and general anesthesia leads to reliable changes of cerebral blood volume during IOI. Hereby, we observed comparable IOI activation maps regarding the median nerve stimulation, fMRI and tactile irritation of the hand. The tactile irritation of different body areas revealed a plausible topographic distribution along the PSC. With this approach, IOI is also suitable for awake surgeries, since the tactile irritation is painless compared with median nerve stimulation and is congruent to fMRI findings. Further studies are ongoing to standardize this method to enable a broad application within the neurosurgical community.