bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Conceptualization of 'Foot' metaphors in Persian and English idioms/proverbs: an intercultural communication study
Authors: Rahimi Ali , Karimi Zeynab 
Published: March 2022

Peoples' experiences with their bodies play an essential role in the emergence of figurative thought. Hence, body-organ terms as a mapping process between the two domains are closely connected to the speakers' conceptual system. This study investigates the conceptualization of 'foot' in as many as 10000 Persian proverbs and idioms in six related Iranian proverb books. Conducting a corpus-based analysis, based on Schematic's model of conceptualization of cultural cognition developed by Sharifian (2011). This study elucidates how 'Pa,' the Persian equivalent for Foot, is conceptualized as being either tantamount to or being in the locality of feelings, thoughts, memories, and personality traits. Based on the findings, the body part 'Pa' provides a conceptual foundation for Persian speakers to represent their cognitive, emotional, socio-cultural, and linguistic experiences.

Keywords: Body organs; Conceptual Metaphor Theory; Intercultural communication; Intercultural sensitivity.
Intra-NICU Patient Transfers: A Study of Frequency and Family and Staff Perceptions
Authors: Fults Marci Z. , McDonald Carrie , Russell Susan , Folenta DoryAnn , Whichard Frances , Ritchie Allan D. , Murphy Thomas 
Published: March 2022

Aims:(a) Quantify frequency of patient moves within a NICU with single patient and semi-private rooms (SPR). (b) Compare staff and parent perceptions of these moves.Methods:A hospital administrative database was evaluated to quantify the frequency of moves. A Room Change Questionnaire was devised to evaluate perceptions from NICU families and staff.Results:Most families reported experiencing at least 1 patient move (92 percent), with the majority reporting at least 3 moves (58 percent). Staff perceived moves as negative significantly more than parents (p < .01), and overreported negative family perceptions (p < .01). Overall, moves did not bother families (52 percent); however, most families who moved 3 or more times reported at least 1 negative perception (63 percent).Conclusion:SFRs increase the number of patient moves. NICU staff’s perception is significantly more negative than family’s perception; however, most families who were moved frequently reported at least 1 negative perception.
Safe Sleep Program for the NICU Nursing Staff: A Pilot Program
Authors: O’Shea Shannon , Mohr Lynn , Blancarte Alma 
Published: March 2022

Purpose:Following an assessment of safe sleep practices (SSP) and nurses’ safe sleep knowledge in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU), an evidence-based 2-part safe sleep program including nurse education and the use of safe sleep cards was developed in an attempt to increase SSP.Design:A quality improvement project with time-series methodology, including observational and survey data collection.Sample:To assess SSP, sleep environment audits were completed pre- (N = 48) and post- safe sleep program (N = 44). To assess nurses’ safe sleep knowledge, a safe sleep questionnaire was distributed pre-education (N = 48) and post-education (N = 23).Main Outcome Variable:The change in SSP (ΔSSP) following safe sleep program implementation and change in nurses’ safe sleep knowledge (ΔKnowledge) following education.Results:SSP increased from 25 percent to 61 percent compliance, and nurses’ knowledge scores increased from 83 percent to 97 percent.
Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Partisipasi Masyarakat (Anti SLAPP) Dalam Penegakan Hukum Lingkungan Hidup di Indonesia
Authors: Indrawati Nani 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAnti SLAPP is a new terminology that was first recognized in the United States in 1996. Basically, Anti-SLAPP is a legal policy that provides legal protection for people who fight for the public interest’s purposes acknowledged in constitutional and statutory provisions. In Indonesia, the provisions which are similar to Anti-SLAPP in the environmental area (anti-eco SLAPP) is included in Article 66 of the Law on Environmental Protection and Management (LEPM) which intends to protect environmental defenders from criminal charges and lawsuits for exposing environmental rights violation. Law enforcers, especially judges, are still having difficulty in detecting cases that are indicated as SLAPP and stop the case to continue in the early stage. Article 66 of the LEPM are a symbol of legal protection, as well as a manifestation of the accommodative attitude of the LEPM towards the importance of environmental public participation including protecting individuals and groups who fight for the environmental rights against criminal charges and civil litigation. The lack of provisions on the procedures and mechanisms of the Anti-SLAPP makes it difficult to implement Article 66 of the LEPM. Consequently, law enforcers particularly court judges apply and interpret Article 66 of LEPM is not in line with the original intention of Anti SLAPP’s provision.Keywords: Anti-SLAPP; Public Participation; Environmental Law Enforcement.AbstrakAnti-SLAPP merupakan terminologi baru yang dikenal pertama kali di Amerika Serikat pada tahun 1996. Pada intinya Anti-SLAPP adalah ketentuan yang memberikan perlindungan hukum terhadap masyarakat yang memperjuangkan kepentingan publik yang diakui dalam konstitusi dan perundang-undangan. Di Indonesia, ketentuan serupa dengan Anti-SLAPP dibidang lingkungan hidup (anti-eco SLAPP) termuat dalam Pasal 66 Undang-Undang tentang Perlindungan dan Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup (UU PPLH) yang dimaksudkan untuk melindungi para pembela lingkungan hidup dari tuntutan pidana dan gugatan perdata karena mengungkap pelanggaran hak atas lingkungan hidup. Para penegak hukum khususnya hakim masih mengalami kesulitan mendeteksi kasus yang terindikasi SLAPP dan menghentikan kasus pada tahap awal. Ketentuan Pasal 66 UU PPLH merupakan simbol perlindungan hukum, sekaligus sebagai wujud dari sikap akomodatif UU PPLH terhadap pentingnya peran serta masyarakat, termasuk melindungi individu dan kelompok masyarakat yang memperjuangkan hak atas lingkungan hidup dari tuntutan pidana dan gugatan perdata. Ketiadaan ketentuan tentang prosedur dan mekanisme Anti-SLAPP menyulitkan implementasi Pasal 66 UU PPLH. Akibatnya, para penegak hukum khususnya hakim dalam menerapkan dan menafsirkan Pasal 66 UU PPLH berbeda dengan tujuan awal ketentuan Anti SLAPP. Kata Kunci: Anti-SLAPP; Partisipasi Masyarakat; Penegakan Hukum Lingkungan Hidup.
The Effect of Activated Charcoal Coffee Grounds (Coffea Sp.) as an Adsorbent on the Quality of the Liquid Sugar of Siwalan
Authors: Darus Roy 
Published: March 2022

This study aimed to determine the adsorbent characteristics of coffee grounds activated charcoal (Coffea Sp.), optimum adsorption contact time, and differences in the quality of siwalan liquid sugar through adsorption and without adsorption. The characteristics of coffee grounds activated charcoal were determined by FTIR and SAA. FTIR characterization showed that activated coffee grounds charcoal contained functional groups of O-H, Csp2-H, Csp3-H, C-H2 methylene, C-O, and C=C-H. Characterization with SAA showed that the surface area of activated charcoal was 27.70 m2/g with a pore volume of 0.02 ml/g and an adsorption pore size of 1.63 nm. The optimum contact time of the adsorbent in the adsorption of impurities in the palm sap was 60 minutes. The siwalan liquid sugar, which went through adsorption, had a reducing sugar content of 6.70%, and the one without adsorption was 10.18%. While the ash content of siwalan liquid sugar through adsorption was 4.73%, and without adsorption was 6.5%. This value indicates that the quality of siwalan liquid sugar through adsorption is higher than that which does not go through the adsorption stage. Keywords: adsorption, activated charcoal, siwalan liquid sugar
Isolation and Characterization of Compounds from Cinnamon Oil (Cinnamomum burmanii) Distillation Residu
Authors: Astuti Maria Dewi , Fauzi Lathifah , Mustikasari Kamilia 
Published: March 2022

This study aimed to isolate and characterize compounds from the distillation residue of cinnamon oil from Loksado, South Kalimantan. Cinnamon (Cinnamomum burmanii) distillation residue was extracted with methanol as solvent. The methanol extract was fractionated by liquid vacuum chromatography to obtain fractions A, B, C, and D. The crystals contained in fraction C were washed with cold n-hexane to obtain 5.4 mg of yellow isolate (FC1). FC1 isolates were characterized by UV-Vis, IR, 1H-NMR, and 13C-NMR spectrophotometers. UV spectra showed a maximum wavelength at 307, 316, and 321 nm indicating the presence of a conjugated or aromatic system. The infrared spectra showed -C=O, -OH, C-O, C-H, C-N, and C=N groups. The 1H-NMR spectra showed the presence of aromatic protons at 6.38 ppm (1H, d, J=9.5 Hz), 7.67 ppm (1H, d, J=9.5 Hz), 7.29 ppm (1H, d, J=8 Hz), 7.44 ppm (1H, d, J=8 Hz), and 7.49 ppm (1H, t) and there was a methyl proton (acetyl group) at H 2.13 ppm (3H,s). The 13C-NMR spectra showed the presence of a C=O ketone group at 207.26 ppm and there were 9 C-sp2 at 116.9; 119.0;124.6; 128.1;132.0;143.7; 154.3; 161.0 ppm, which δC 161.0 ppm was C-oxyaryl. Based on UV, IR, 1H and 13C-NMR spectra data, FC1 isolate was suggested as an isoquinoline alkaloid substituted by OH and acetyl groups. Keywords: distillation residu, Cinnamomum burmanii, alkaloid, isoquinoline.
Toxicity Testing of White Kapul Fruit Rind Extract (Baccaurea macrocarpa) and Component Analysis using Chromatography Method
Authors: Rosyidah Kholifatu , Karmila Lisda , Astuti Maria Dewi 
Published: March 2022

White Kapul was used in this study. This study aimed to determine the toxicity of the white Kapul fruit rind extract and its chemical content analysis using TLC and GC-MS. The extraction method used was gradual maceration, namely technical n-hexane, technical ethyl acetate, and technical methanol. Toxicity test using the BSLT method with Artemia salina larvae at the nauplii stage. The test showed that the LC50 value of ethyl acetate extract, methanol extract, and n-hexane extract was 350.87 ppm, 485.61 ppm, and 735.932 ppm, respectively. Based on LC50 values, all extracts had the potential as pesticides. The third extract of white Kapul fruit rind was carried out by TLC analysis to determine the pattern of its compound content. The results of the TLC analysis showed that each extract had different polarity compounds according to the polarity of each solvent. The most active extract, ethyl acetate extract, was further analyzed using GC-MS. There were 32 peak compounds at a retention time of 25.384 to 65.725 minutes in GC-MS analysis. Four compounds with the largest percentage area were gynoluton (58.09%), 15-chloro-4-pentadesene (16.25%), 17- (acetyloxy) -2-methyl-, (2α.,5α ,17β) - estra-3-on (6.07%), and methyl-11-octadesenoate (5.98%). Keywords: Baccaurea macrocarpa, Euphorbiaceae, TLC, toxicity, BSLT, GC-MS
Pressure Interpretations in Acid Fracturing Treatments
Authors: Pandey Vibhas 
Published: March 2022

SummaryAcid fracturing is a preferred method of stimulating low-permeability limestone formations throughout the world. The treatment consists of pumping alternating cycles of viscous pad and acid to promote differential etching, thereby creating a conductive acid-etched fracture.Acid type, pad and acid volumes, and the injection rates in the designed pump schedule are based on treatment objectives, rock types, and in-situ conditions such as temperatures, in-situ stress, proximity to water-bearing layers, and others. During the acid fracturing treatment, the acid-rock interaction is often marked by signature pressure responses, that are a combined outcome of acid reaction kinetics, responses to changes in fluid viscosity and densities, fluid-frictional drop in narrow hydraulic fractures, and other such parameters. This paper focuses on interpretation of bottomhole pressures (BHPs) during acid fracturing treatment to separate these individual effects and determine the effectiveness of the treatment.Unlike propped fracturing treatments where most fracturing treatments result in net pressure gain, acid fracturing treatments seldom result in net pressure increase at the end of the treatment because the in-situ stresses are generally relieved during the rock dissolution and fracture width creation process that results from acid-mineral reactions. Not only is the extent of stress relief evident from the difference in the start and the end of the treatment instantaneous shut-in pressures, the loss of stresses is also apparent during the treatment itself, especially in jobs where the treatment data are constantly monitored and evaluated in real time. The study reveals that the changes in pressure responses with the onset of acid in the formation can be successfully used to determine the effectiveness of treatment design and can aid in carrying out informed changes during the treatment. Better understanding of these responses can also lead to more effective treatment designs for future jobs.The interpretation developed in the study can be applied to most of the acid fracturing treatments that are pumped worldwide.
A Strategy to Identify Event Specific Hospitalizations in Large Health Claims Databases
Authors: Lambert Joshua , Sandhu Harpal , Kean Emily , Xavier Teenu , Brokman Aviv , Steckler Zachary , Park Lee , Stromberg Arnold 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Health insurance claims data offer a unique opportunity to study disease distribution on a large scale. Challenges arise in the process of accurately analyzing these raw data. One important challenge to overcome is the accurate classification of study outcomes. For example, using claims data, there is no clear way of classifying hospitalizations due to a specific event. This is because of the inherent disjointedness and lack of context that typically come with raw claims data. Methods: In this paper, we propose a framework for classifying hospitalizations due to a specific event. Results: We then test this framework in a health insurance claims database with approximately 4 million US adults who tested positive with COVID-19 between March and December 2020. Our claims specific COVID-19 related hospitalizations proportion is then compared to nationally reported rates from the Centers for Disease Control by age and sex.Conclusions: The proposed methodology is a rigorous way to define event specific hospitalizations in claims data. This methodology can be extended to many different types of events and used on a variety of different types of claims databases.
An oxidative stress response gene model for the prediction of prognosis and therapeutic responses in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Cai Xiujun , Hong Junjie 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background:Oxidative stress response genes are critical for the development and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Still, the predictive value for prognosis and treatment response of oxidative stress response genes needs further elucidation. Results:﻿We obtained the transcriptomic data and corresponding clinicopathological information of HCC patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) databases. Oxidative stress response genes (OSRGs) were retrieved from the MSigDB database. LASSO Cox regression analysis was utilized to establish an integrated multi-gene signature in the TCGA cohort, and its prediction performance was validated in the ICGC cohort. The risk score of each patient ware determined by the multi-gene signature. The CIBERSORT algorithm was employed to evaluate the immune cell infiltration. Response rate to immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI) therapy was assessed using a TIDE platform. Tumor mutation burden was estimated using VarScan processed somatic mutation data. The drug activity data from the Cancer Genome Project and NCI-60 human cancer cell lines were used to predict sensitivity to chemotherapy. Finally the established gene signature comprises G6PD, MT3, CBX2, CDKN2B, CCNA2, MAPT, EZH2, and SLC7A11. Patients with high risk scores had shorter overall survival. The risk score was identified as an independent prognostic marker. The immune cell infiltration patterns, response rates to immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI) therapy, and the estimated sensitivity of 89 chemotherapeutic drugs were associated with risk scores. Individual prognostic gene was also associated with the susceptibility of various FDA-approved drugs. Conclusion:﻿Our study indicates that an integrated transcriptomic analysis may provide a reliable molecular model that better predicts diagnosis and forecasts the response of ICI therapy and chemotherapy.
Prognosis and Immune Cell Infiltration Analysis of OAS Family Genes in Pan-Cancer
Authors: Wang Xingyun , Cheng Yan , Tian Yuan , Song Zheyao , He Zikang , Shen Ping , Wang Huan , Luo Liangyu , Cui Rongjun 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
2′-5′-oligoadenylate synthetases (OAS) family is interferon (IFN) -induced antiviral enzymes including OAS1, OAS2, OAS3, and OAS-like (OASL) is increasingly thought to play significant roles in human cancers. This study aims to explore the potential role of OAS family genes with a new clue to providing insights on tumor immune mechanisms implicated here. High expression levels of OAS family gene were observed in most cancer types. OAS family gene expression in tumor samples correlated with poor overall survival in several cancers such as Brain Lower Grade Glioma (LGG). OAS family genes were associated with M1 macrophages in cancers. Tumor mutation burden (TMB), microsatellite instability (MSI) correlated with OAS family genes dysregulation in cancers. OAS1/OAS3/OASL is a promising target for AP-26113, and OAS2/OASL is more likely to be an effective target for itraconazole. OAS1 and OASL were significantly correlated with their pathological stages in KIRC. OAS family genes were positively correlated with M1 macrophages. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA ) results demonstrated OAS1/OAS2/OASL have pathways commonly associated with immunity in KIRC such as natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity. Our study suggests that OAS family genes may influence cancer development, particularly KIRC, by modulating M1 macrophages and NK cells.
Real-Time Nodal Devices’ Buffer Capacities Provisioning for Lossless Data Communication Traffic Flows
Authors: Eyinagho Monday Ofori , Falaki Samuel Oluwole 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Carrier Service Providers define a Bandwidth Profile, which enables them bill for bandwidth usage and engineer their networks’ resources to provide performance assurances for in-profile Service Frames. The CBS (Committed Burst Size) is one of the parameters of this profile. Similarly, in the context of the guaranteed and controlled-load services’ provisioning of theInternet, IETF’s (Internet Engineering Task Force’s) T-SPEC (traffic specification) defines a parameter known as burst tolerance, b. Likewise, in the Intserv (Integrated Service) use of RSVP (Resource Reservation Protocol), a service type is specified and quantitative traffic parameters are expressed using the token (buffered leaky) bucket model: Maximum Burst Size, B is one of the parameters of this model. Therefore, a major question that is usually asked in these contexts is: How should applications determine the CBS or b or B of their flows? This basically will be for the purpose of engendering optimal use of network resources, specifically, the use of buffer capacities in nodal devices (switches/routers). In this paper, we describe the derivation of a formula for Nodal Devices Buffers’ Capacities Provisioning, for lossless data communication traffic flows.
Efficacy and Safety of Piezocision in Accelerating Maxillary Anterior Teeth En-Masse Retraction: Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: xu yichen , Liu yuehua , Yu Liming , Wang Yuhui , Pan Jie , Tong Xianqin , Li Yuanyuan , Yang Yanjing 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Orthodontic treatment is commonly more time-consuming in adults than in teenagers, especially when it comes to the maxillary en-masse retraction, which may take 9 months or even longer. As to solve this concern, orthodontists have been striving to seek new methods for shortening orthodontic treatment time. Piezocision, as a popular alternative treatment, have been widely used in different types of tooth movement. However, its effect on en-masse retraction of maxillary anterior teeth remains unclear. This randomized controlled trial intends to figure out the role piezocision plays in accelerating en-masse retraction. Methods: This protocol is designed for a prospective, single-center, assessor-blinded and parallel-group randomized controlled trial. Twenty adult patients aged from 18 to 40 whose orthodontic treatment required bilateral maxillary first premolars extraction will be randomly assigned to the piezocision group and the control group at a ratio of 1:1. The piezocision group will undergo en-masse retraction immediately after the piezo surgery, while the control group will start en-masse retraction directly. Both groups will be followed up every two weeks to maintain the retraction force until the end of space closure. The space closing time is set as the primary endpoint. Meanwhile, the secondary endpoints include the change of root length, labial and palatal alveolar bone thickness, vertical bone height, probing depth of maxillary anterior teeth, cephalometric measurements, visual analogue scale, and postoperative satisfaction questionnaire.Discussion: This study will attempt to provide more convincing evidence to verify whether piezocision will shorten the time of en-masse retraction or not. Distinguished with previous studies, our study has made some innovations in orthodontic procedure and primary outcome measurement, aiming to clarify the efficacy and safety of piezocision-assisted en-masse retraction in Chinese population.Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR 1900024297. Registered on 5 July 2019.
Invasional Meltdown-Under? Toads Facilitate Cats By Removing A Naïve Top Predator
Authors: Doody J. Sean , Rhind David , McHenry Colin M. , Clulow Simon 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Australia has been a battleground of invasive vs. native species for ~200 years. Two of the most impactful invasive species to Australian animal communities are the toxic cane toad (Rhinella marina) and the predatory feral cat (Felis catus). Australia’s native fauna is evolutionarily naïve to both invaders because neither’s taxonomic group is native to the continent. Both invaders have had severe effects on Australian native animal communities including species extinctions, extirpations, and severe population declines, but until now their effects have been thought to be independent of one another. Here we present evidence for invasional meltdown: Invasive cane toads apparently facilitated feral cats by removing a naïve, native top predator from the ecosystem. Camera trap and track station data (>4,000 trap nights) spanning 11 years demonstrated, as expected, that invading cane toads rapidly decimated populations of two species of monitor lizards (97-99% declines), including the top-order predatory Varanus panoptes, at three sites in northwestern Australia. Unexpectedly, this loss was associated with a >10-fold mean increase in detection rates of cats by five years after the loss of V. panoptes, reflecting relative increases of 3.3-8.7 individual cats per site. Although some unknown factor may have caused an increase in cats, their similar trophic position and niche to V. panoptes suggests that toads facilitated cats by effectively removing the lizards from the animal community. The potentially synergistic tandem of cane toads and feral cats could have chronic, irreversible effects on animal communities due to the extreme difficulty of controlling these invaders.