bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Habitat degradation, vegetation damage, and wildlife‐livestock interactions in Amboseli ecosystem wildlife sanctuaries, Kenya
Authors: Mwasi Shem , Dheer Arjun 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIt is important to assess whether anthropogenic activity affects wildlife distribution and resource use to appraise the efficacy of multi‐use protected areas. Habitat degradation and vegetation damage as indicators of competitive and facilitative livestock‐wildlife interactions were the focus of this study. Foot transects were conducted in the dry season of 2011, wet season of 2012, and dry season of 2012 in five wildlife sanctuaries in the Amboseli ecosystem, Kenya, to determine whether habitat degradation and vegetation damage affected wildlife distribution and wildlife‐livestock interactions. Simpson's and Jaccard's biodiversity indices and Pianka's niche overlap index were used to assess wildlife‐livestock interactions across a gradient of habitat degradation. In the dry season, Jaccard's, Pianka's, and Simpson's indices (0.50, 0.84, and 0.99, respectively) peaked at the highest level of degradation. In the wet season, Jaccard's index (0.42) peaked at a fairly high level of habitat degradation, Pianka's index (0.82) at a fairly low level, and Simpson's (0.80) at the lowest level. Two‐way ANOVA revealed that there was no effect of degradation or vegetation damage on wildlife distribution irrespective of the feeding guild. Therefore, it appears that continued shared use of the Amboseli landscape by wildlife and livestock is feasible.
Impact of Rome IV irritable bowel syndrome on work and activities of daily living
Authors: Goodoory Vivek C. , Ng Cho Ee , Black Christopher J. , Ford Alexander C. 
Published: July 2022

SummaryBackgroundFew studies have demonstrated the impact of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) on work and activities of daily living.MethodsWe collected demographic, gastrointestinal symptom, psychological health and quality of life data from 752 adults with Rome IV‐defined IBS. We used the work productivity and activity impairment questionnaire for irritable bowel syndrome and the work and social adjustment scale to examine the degree of both impairment at work and in activities of daily living, as well as factors associated with these.ResultsOf 467 individuals who were employed, 133 (28.5%) reported absenteeism, 373 (85.6%) presenteeism and 382 (81.8%) overall work impairment. A mean of 1.97 hours of work per week was lost due to IBS. Extrapolating this across the entire UK, we estimate that between 72 and 188 million hours of work are lost per year due to IBS in individuals of working age. Among all 752 participants, 684 (91.0%) reported any activity impairment with 220 (29.3%) reporting impairment in home management, 423 (56.3%) in social leisure activities, 207 (27.5%) in private leisure activities, and 203 (27.0%) in maintaining close relationships. Severe IBS, higher levels of anxiety, depression, somatization and gastrointestinal symptom‐specific anxiety, and lower levels of IBS‐related quality of life were associated with impairment in both work and activities of daily living.ConclusionPatients with IBS experience a substantial impact on their work and activities of daily living because of their IBS. Future studies should assess the impact of medical interventions on the ability to work and participate in social activities.
Restoring the Garden of Eden: A Ricoeurian view of the ethics of environmental entrepreneurship
Authors: Toledano Nuria 
Published: July 2022

AbstractEnvironmental entrepreneurship is increasingly recognized as a means of solving pressing environmental problems; because of this, it is often perceived as an ethical variant of entrepreneurial activity. However, we argue that this perception is flawed since ethics is assumed (not explained) on the premise of its identification with green activities or environmental ideals and intentions. This paper examines this problem and addresses the question of how we can know when, and if, environmental entrepreneurship is ethical. As a solution, we adopt Paul Ricoeur's approach to ethics. We argue that the Ricoeurian ethics, with its focus on actions and relationships and its logic of hyperbolic generosity, provides a consistent ethical framework in which to develop our comprehension of ethics in the environmental entrepreneurship field. In particular, Ricoeur's ethical approach brings a distinctive trait to the ethics of environmental entrepreneurship through an other‐oriented disposition and a normative standard—to give without any expectations—that can be used to judge ethics in relational actions. The paper can also be of use to environmental entrepreneurs seeking a practical ethical guide that helps them in their decision making, and to policymakers committed with the promotion of responsible environmental businesses.
Lenalidomide, bortezomib and dexamethasone induction therapy for the treatment of newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: a practical review
Authors: McCaughan Georgia J. , Gandolfi Sara , Moore John J. , Richardson Paul G. 
Published: July 2022

SummaryFor patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma, survival outcomes continue to improve significantly: however, nearly all patients will relapse following induction treatment. Optimisation of induction therapy is essential to provide longer term disease control and the current standard of care for most patients incorporates an immunomodulatory agent and proteasome inhibitor, most commonly lenalidomide and bortezomib in combination with dexamethasone (RVD), with maintenance until progression. Historically there has been limited access to RVD as an induction strategy outside of the United States; fortunately, there is now increasing access worldwide. This review discusses the rationale for use of RVD as induction therapy and aims to provide guidance in prescribing this regimen in order to optimise efficacy while minimising the toxicities of treatment. We also highlight the increasing evidence for the utility of addition of a monoclonal antibody to the RVD backbone to deepen responses and potentially provide longer disease control.
Uncovering caterpillar fungus (Ophiocordyceps sinensis) consumption patterns and linking them to conservation interventions
Authors: He Jun , Smith‐Hall Carsten , Zhou Wen , Zhou Weijia , Wang Yunshang , Fan Ben 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWildlife trade threatens global taxa. While interest in consumer behavior is increasing, such studies are scarce, particularly for plants and fungi, around questions of consumer characteristics, preferences, and perceptions. Moreover, these factors are not often marshaled to support conservation measures effectively. To address these questions, we examined the case of Chinese caterpillar fungus (Ophiocordyceps sinensis[Berk.] G.H. Sung, J.M. Sung, Hywel‐Jones, & Spatafora) consumers. This product is particularly interesting due to its extremely high value, economic importance to harvesters, and increasing conservation concerns. Data were generated through an online structured survey (n = 1861 consumers) and semi‐structured qualitative interviews (n = 65) across six provinces that comprise the primary market in China. We found significant regional and demographic differences in consumer characteristics, preferences for the geographical origin of the product, and limited understanding of harvester and sustainability issues. Interestingly, consumers in higher income provinces bought less frequently but spent more money with the aim of self‐consumption, compared with consumers in lower income provinces who buy more frequently, spending less, and with the intention to use purchased products as presents for family or friends. Consumer responses indicated that conservation measures can be enhanced through public information dissemination about product characteristics and linking consumers to the consequences of their consumption choices, with a particular focus on geographically differentiated information campaigns.
An intelligent edge enabled 6G‐flying ad‐hoc network ecosystem for precision agriculture
Authors: Mukherjee Amartya , Panja Ayan Kumar , Dey Nilanjan , Crespo Rubén González 
Published: July 2022

AbstractUnmanned aerial vehicle based precision agriculture is a predominant research area. The modern flying ad‐hoc network leverages the advanced low latency vehicular communication and intelligent computing paradigms that help the ecosystem to grow up to the next level. In this work, we propose an ecosystem for precision agriculture that leverages the use of the opportunistic MQTT protocol in an edge‐enabled intelligent drone network for sensing and performing crop prediction using an intelligent ensemble machine learning model. The proposed approach leverages the edge computing system that requires low energy devices and also exploits the ultra‐low latency opportunistic message transfer methodology. The experimental results show the maximum of 0.9 message delivery ratio and a minimum of 600 ms latency is achieved by opportunistic MQTT protocol in an ultra‐low latency sparse network scenario. A weighted ensemble model is deployed onto the edge enabled devices or the drones. An accuracy of 96.5% is achieved in predicting the type of crops that can be grown in the soil about the selected area of interest.
Environmental reputational risk, negative media attention and financial performance
Authors: Becchetti Leonardo , Ciciretti Rocco , Hasan Iftekhar , Licata Gabriele La 
Published: July 2022

AbstractTracing negative media attention, this paper investigates the effect of reputational risk on firm value. Decomposing reputational damage into environmental, social and corporate‐governance dimensions, it reports that environmental reputational risk has the most significant negative effect on price earnings, i.e., firms exposed to environmental risk are likely to be priced at a discount or charged a higher risk premium when discounting future earnings.
Interactive effects of increased salinity and heatwaves on freshwater zooplankton communities in simultaneous and sequential treatments
Authors: Sun Xinyu , Arnott Shelley E. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Elevated lake chloride concentration has been observed in many regions, due to human activities such as mining, agriculture, and urbanisation. Meanwhile, lakes are also experiencing increasing frequency and intensity of heatwaves. The combination of elevated salinity and heatwaves has not been thoroughly studied in freshwater communities, limiting our ability to predict outcomes of future disturbances.

We conducted a mesocosm experiment to investigate the individual and interactive effects of increased salinity and heatwaves on a freshwater zooplankton community. The combined effects of the two stressors were examined in two scenarios: when they occurred simultaneously and when a heatwave was preceded by an 8‐week increase in salinity. We expected to see a synergistic effect when the two stressors were applied simultaneously, as organisms might experience energy deficiency due to physiological changes caused by salinity stress and be overwhelmed by the heat treatment. When the two stressors were applied sequentially, we expected them to act independently as the two stressors trigger different physiological responses and physiological homeostasis may have already recovered from previous salt exposure and not influence an organism's response to a subsequent stressor.

Individually, increased salinity and heatwave conditions both impaired zooplankton communities with largest effects on copepod nauplii and cladocerans. Together, these stressors caused antagonistic effects on total zooplankton abundance and biomass in both the simultaneous and sequential scenarios, with the combined effects being similar to the salt‐only effects.

Our experiment illustrates the potential for heatwaves to have hidden effects when they occur in lakes experiencing salinisation. The findings suggested that the two stressors negatively impacted some zooplankton taxonomic groups, and at the community level, they acted antagonistically such that the occurrence of a 3‐day heatwave did not cause any additional loss of abundance or biomass regardless of whether the community was exposed to the sequential or simultaneous scenario. Our findings also illustrated that even when the two stressors were decoupled in time, the community could still be influenced by a previous stressor.
Effect of modifier cation field strength on the structures of magnesium oxide containing aluminoborosilicate glasses
Authors: Tuheen Manzila Islam , Du Jincheng 
Published: July 2022

AbstractNetwork glass structures are commonly characterized by the network formers and their linkage but modifiers can also play an important role on various features of glass structures. In this work, we investigated the effect of cation field strength (CFS) of common modifier cations with large differences of CFS on the structures of aluminoborosilicate glasses by performing molecular dynamics (MD) simulations with recently developed potentials. It was found that modifier cations with higher CFS such as Mg2+ significantly reduced the fraction of fourfold coordinated boron, suggesting that the cations with higher field strength favor nonbridging oxygen generation in the silicate network and are less effective for charge compensation. The findings from our MD simulations are compared with the results from NMR and Raman spectroscopy studies in the literature as well as those from other MD simulations. Insights of the CFS effect on glass structures and the structural role of Mg2+ ions are gained from these simulations results and related discussions.
CD5L attenuates allergic airway inflammation by expanding CD11chigh alveolar macrophages and inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation via HDAC2
Authors: Weng Danlin , Gao Song , Shen Hailan , Yao Shifei , Huang Qi , Zhang Yanyu , Huang Wenjie , Wang Yan , Zhang Xuemei , Yin Yibing , Xu Wenchun 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAllergic asthma is an airway inflammatory disease dominated by type 2 immune responses and there is currently no curative therapy for asthma. CD5‐like antigen (CD5L) has been known to be involved in a variety of inflammatory diseases. However, the role of CD5L in allergic asthma remains unclear. In the present study, mice were treated with recombinant CD5L (rCD5L) during house dust mite (HDM) and ovalbumin (OVA) challenge to determine the role of CD5L in allergic asthma, and the underlying mechanism was further explored. Compared with PBS group, serum CD5L levels of asthmatic mice were significantly decreased, and the levels of CD5L in lung tissues and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were significantly increased. CD5L reduced airway inflammation and Th2 immune responses in asthmatic mice. CD5L exerted its anti‐inflammatory function by increasing CD11chigh alveolar macrophages (CD11chigh AMs), and the anti‐inflammatory role of CD11chigh AMs in allergic asthma was confirmed by CD11chigh AMs depletion and transfer assays. In addition, CD5L increased the CD5L+ macrophages and inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome activation by increasing HDAC2 expression in lung tissues of asthmatic mice. Hence, our study implicates that CD5L has potential usefulness for asthma treatment.
Academic dishonesty and trustworthy assessment in online learning: A systematic literature review
Authors: Surahman Ence , Wang Tzu‐Hua 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundAcademic dishonesty (AD) and trustworthy assessment (TA) are fundamental issues in the context of an online assessment. However, little systematic work currently exists on how researchers have explored AD and TA issues in online assessment practice.ObjectivesHence, this research aimed at investigating the latest findings regarding AD forms, factors affecting AD and TA, and solutions to reduce AD and increase TA to maintain the quality of online assessment.MethodsWe reviewed 52 articles in Scopus and Web of Science databases from January 2017 to April 2021 using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses model as a guideline to perform a systematic literature review that included three stages, namely planning, conducting, and reporting.Results and conclusionsOur review found that there were different forms of AD among students in online learning namely plagiarism, cheating, collusion, and using jockeys. Individual factors such as being lazy to learn, lack of ability, and poor awareness as well as situational factors including the influence of friends, the pressure of the courses, and ease of access to information were strongly associated with AD. A technology‐based approach such as using plagiarism‐checking software, multi‐artificial intelligence (AI) in a learning management system, computer adaptive tests, and online proctoring as well as pedagogical‐based approaches, such as implementing a research ethics course programme, and a re‐design assessment form such as oral‐based and dynamic assessment to reduce cheating behaviour and also sociocultural and sociotechnical adjustment related to the online assessment are reported to reduce AD and increase TA.ImplicationsEducators should adjust the design of online learning and assessment methods as soon as possible. The identified gaps point towards unexplored study on AI, machine learning, learning analytics tools, and related issues of AD and TA in K12 education could motivated future work in the field.
Shifting online: 12 tips for online teaching derived from contemporary educational psychology research
Authors: Sepp Stoo , Wong Mona , Hoogerheide Vincent , Castro‐Alonso Juan Cristobal 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundAs a result of the COVID‐19 pandemic, many teachers found themselves making a rapid and often challenging shift from in‐person classroom teaching to teaching in an online environment. As teachers continue to learn about working in this new environment, research in cognitive and learning sciences, specifically findings from cognitive load theory and related areas, can provide meaningful strategies for teaching in this ‘new normal’.ObjectivesThis paper describes 12 tips derived from contemporary research in educational psychology, focusing particularly on empirically supported strategies that teachers may apply in their online classroom to ensure that learning is optimized.Implications for PracticeThese strategies are generalizable across age groups and learning areas, and are categorized into one of two themes: approaches to optimize the design of online learning materials, and instructional strategies to support student learning. A discussion follows, outlining how teachers may apply these strategies in different contexts, with a brief overview of emerging efforts that aim to bridge cognitive load theory and self‐regulated learning research.
A cream containing the sap of oat plantlets and mandarin extract soothes the symptoms of rosacea and improves the quality of life of patients
Authors: Fabbrocini G. , Monteil C. Beziat , Carballido F. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundRosacea is a chronic inflammatory disease of the facial skin that affects all skin types and occurs mostly in adults. The main clinical sign of rosacea is a characteristic and persistent form of centro‐facial erythema that is prone to exacerbation and can impair quality of life (QoL). The current therapeutic approach for rosacea is to combine various treatments, use appropriate skincare products and avoid flare‐up triggers.ObjectiveTo evaluate the use of a facial skincare product containing protein‐free sap extruded from Rhealba® oat plantlets and mandarin extract in subjects with rosacea.MethodsThree clinical studies were conducted in adult subjects with various rosacea phenotypes (erythematotelangiectatic or papulopustular) and treatment histories to assess the dermatological and ophthalmological tolerance of the study product, as well as its clinical effectiveness, after a twice‐daily application on the whole face and neck for up to 4 weeks.ResultsTolerance of the product was rated as good to very good by dermatologists across the three studies, which involved a total of 105 evaluable subjects. Subjects with untreated erythematotelangiectatic rosacea reported fewer functional signs and symptoms of the disease and an improved QoL. The evaluation of skin biometric parameters revealed a reduction in transepidermal water loss, indicating that the study product helped to restore skin barrier integrity after 4 weeks, and a higher skin pH, indicating that the cutaneous microbiote was respected. Most subjects (93%) who had either undergone a superficial dermatological procedure for erythematotelangiectatic rosacea or were taking oral/topical treatments for papulopustular rosacea, rated the study product as very good (8/10) and felt it further relieved their symptoms.ConclusionOverall, the study product was very well tolerated and may be beneficial for subjects with rosacea as an adjunct to superficial dermatological procedures or oral/topical therapies, in line with the current recommendations for rosacea management.
Altered resting‐state functional connectivity of default mode network in brachioradial pruritus
Authors: Dehghan Nayyeri M. , Missler M. , Ritterbach R. , Sundermann B. , Wulms N. , Süer A. , Dugas M. , Pereira M.P. , Ständer S. , Schmelz M. , Pfleiderer B. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundPatients with chronic pruritus (CP) have a low quality of life, thus it is important to gain a better understanding of the underlying processes. Previous functional magnetic resonance imaging studies at rest (rsfMRI) have shown that mainly areas associated with the default mode network (DMN), sensorimotor (SMN), frontoparietal (FPN) and salience networks (SN) are involved in the processing of itch in patients with chronic pruritus (CP), as well as the cortico‐striatal circuit, which is involved in the motoric preparation of scratching. rsfMRI studies on functional connectivity (FC) patterns of resting‐state networks (RSNs) in patients with inflammatory atopic dermatitis (AD) or with neuropathic brachioradial pruritus (BRP) compared with healthy controls (HC) are lacking.ObjectivesThe main goals of this study were to investigate whether functional connectivity within networks and areas associated with itch detection and processing are altered in patients with AD and BRP compared with matched healthy controls by rsfMRI, respectively.MethodsPatients with AD (n = 28) and with BRP (n = 28) were compared with corresponding matched healthy controls by rsfMRI. Group‐specific RSNs were identified by independent component analysis (ICA) and between‐group differences in the RSNs were analysed by dual regression technique. Seed‐based functional connectivity was analysed in several itch‐related brain regions belonging to the DMN, SN and FPN, respectively.ResultsICA and seed‐based analyses revealed decreased functional connectivity in BRP compared with HC specially within the DMN including the precuneus and cingulate cortex. For AD patients in comparison with HC, as well as when BRP and AD patients were compared directly, no significant FC differences at rest were seen.ConclusionsOur findings point towards decreased FC particularly in the DMN at rest in patients with BRP. These results seem to indicate that central connectivity patterns at rest differentially encode itch in BRP and AD.