bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Changes in habitat suitability and population size of the endangered Przewalski's gazelle
Authors: Liu Tian , Jiang Zhigang , Wang Wei , Wang Guangyao , Song Xiangrong , Xu Aichun , Li Chunlin 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Habitat loss and degradation is one of the greatest threats to global biodiversity, and understanding the changes in habitat suitability is crucial to wildlife conservation. The Przewalski's gazelle Procapra przewalskii is a rare and endangered ungulate endemic to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in China. Its historical distribution range covered a large area of the western China, but had shrunk to fragmented areas around the Qinghai Lake during the 20th century. Along with global changes and economic development in its range, the gazelle population and habitats may undergo corresponding dynamics, which should be studied comparably in relation to environmental drivers. In this study, we conducted field surveys during two periods, from 2009 to 2011 and from 2020 to 2021, to quantify changes in population size and habitat suitability of Przewalski’s gazelle. We found that the overall population size of the species increased from 1544 to 4078, with declines in some subpopulations. The local population changes could be generally related to changes in habitat suitability which experienced an overall decline but improvement in areas on the northern side of the Qinghai Lake. Among the environmental variables, distance to railways and highways, distance to arable lands, NDVI, and DEM were the key factors affecting habitat suitability of the gazelle. This study provides the first comparative analysis of the population trends and habitat suitability of Przewalski’s gazelle involving all the current distribution areas, thus providing important implications for conserving this endangered species.
How Does Childhood Emotional Maltreatment Affect the Development Trajectory of Adolescent Problem Behaviors? The Mediating Role of Self-compassion
Authors: Sun Zhaoxing , Ding Wan , Li Jiayi , He Ting , Li Weijian , Xie Ruibo 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Many of the negative consequences suffered by adolescents are largely the result of their problem behavior. In order to clarify the development mechanism of adolescent problem behaviors, this study explored the effect of childhood emotional maltreatment on the developmental trajectory of problem behavior among adolescents and the mediating role of self-compassion. Data were collected from 1,214 Chinese adolescents through electronic questionnaires on childhood emotional maltreatment, self-compassion and problem behaviors in three waves with a six-month interval. This study revealed that childhood emotional maltreatment significantly predicted the development of adolescent problem behaviors. Childhood emotional maltreatment significantly positively predicted the initial level of adolescent problem behaviors and negatively predicted the changing slope of adolescent problem behaviors. Self-compassion played a mediating role between childhood emotional maltreatment and the development of problem behaviors. This provided a new idea for prevention and intervention of adolescent problem behaviors.
Situational Awareness based Operational Reliability of Wind Energy System Incorporating Uncertainties
Authors: Kumar Rohit , Mishra Sudhansu Kumar , Kumar Dusmanta 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The widespread deployment of wind power generation (WPG) has adversely affected the flexibility and reliability of the power system during the operational period. Variable wind speed leads to the variable generation of wind energy systems (WES), which directly affects the operational reliability. This necessitates assessing WES's situational awareness (SA) to predict the day-ahead operational reliability for effective power system operational planning. The edifice of SA for WES is the monitoring of wind speed and WPG for the perception about the state of WES, comprehension about state dynamics, and consequent prediction of operational reliability. The wind system has been modeled using Simulink and interfaced with dSPACE hardware using a real-time interface (RTI) for real-time validation as well as the implementation of a cloud-based IoT platform for the acquisition of wind speed and WPG for the evaluation of SA. The WES is being represented using a multi-state wind speed model, considering the randomness of wind energy generation. For the prediction of wind speed and wind power for SA based operational reliability, a time series-based non-linear autoregressive with exogenous input (NARX) artificial neural network (ANN) model is being used for the prediction of wind speed and WPG. The dSPACE-based real-time implementation of WES for the assessment of SA with IoT integration validates the efficacy of the proposed approach for operational planning, incorporating the wind generation infested with uncertainty.
Kynurenic acid blunts A1 astrocyte activation against HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders
Authors: Lun Jingxian , Li Yubin , Gao Xuefeng , Gong Zelong , Chen Xiaoliang , Zou Jinhu , Zhou Chengxing , Huang Yuanyuan , Zhou Bingliang , Huang Pengwei , Cao Hong 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Despite extensive astrocyte activation in patients suffering from HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND), little is known about the contribution of astrocytes to HAND neuropathology. Here, we report that the robust activation of neurotoxic astrocytes (A1 astrocytes) in the CNS promotes neuron damage and cognitive deficits in HIV-1 gp120 transgenic mice. Notably, knockout of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (α7nAChR) blunts A1 astrocyte responses, ultimately facilitating neuronal and cognitive improvement in the gp120tg mice. Furthermore, we provide evidence that Kynurenic acid (KYNA), a tryptophan metabolite with α7nAChR inhibitory property, attenuates gp120-induced A1 astrocyte formation through blockade of α7nAChR/JAK2/STAT3 signaling activation. Meanwhile, compared with gp120tg mice, mice fed with tryptophan showed dramatic improvement in cognitive performance, which was related to the inhibition of A1 astrocyte responses. These initial and determinant findings mark a turning point in our understanding of the role of α7nAChR in gp120-mediated A1 astrocyte activation, which opens new opportunities to control neurotoxic astrocyte generation through KYNA and tryptophan administration.
Trace Metals and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Snow Cover of the City of Nizhnevartovsk (Russia)
Authors: Moskovchenko Dmitriy Valerievich , Pozhitkov Roman , Minkina Tatiana , Sushkova Svetlana 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

The city of Nizhnevartovsk is one of the centers of oil production in Western Siberia (Russia). A survey of the contents of trace metals and metalloids (TMMs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the snow cover was conducted there. It was aimed to study insoluble particles in the snow where the predominant share of pollutants in urban areas is concentrated. In contrast to the background areas, the deposition of TMMs in Nizhnevartovsk increases by 1–2 orders of magnitude. The deposition of Co, V, Mn, and As increases by 50–93 times, and the deposition of W increases at most (by 184 times on average). Abrasion of spikes of winter tires, abrasion of metal parts of vehicles, and combustion of motor fuels cause the pollution with W, Co, and V respectively. The total content of 12 EPA PAHs in the particulate fraction of snow in the urban area averaged 148.2 ng l-1, and the deposition rate was 17.0 µg/m2. In contrast to the background areas, the share of high molecular weight 5-6-ring PAHs significantly increases in the city, especially dibenzo(a,h)anthracene (DahA). The indicative ratios of PAHs showed that the snowpack composition was influenced by both petrogenic and pyrogenic sources. The proportion of pyrogenic sources is the highest in the low-rise residential area due to fuel combustion to produce heat and burning of household waste. The impact of motor transport is also major and is manifested in the maximum pollution in areas of heavy traffic. No emissions of PAHs from oil spills from the nearby Samotlor oil field have been identified. It is concluded that the hydrocarbon pollution of the atmosphere from the field weakens during the winter period compared to the warm season. Application of the Igeo index characterizes the majority of the studied samples as unpolluted, 24% of the observation sites are classified as moderately polluted, and one (4%), as highly polluted.
Assessing Situation in the Face of Crisis
Authors: Pluwak Agnieszka , Kacprzak Emilia , Lew Michał , Obuchowski Aleksander , Stańczyk Michał 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
From the perspective of marketing studies, a crisis of reputation is interpreted as such post factum, when measurable financial loss is induced. However, it is highly demanded to discover its signs as early as possible for risk management purposes. Here is where artificial intelligence finds its application since the start of the Facebook era. Emotion- or sentiment-classification algorithms, based on BiLSTM neural networks or transformer architectures, achieve very good F1 scores. Nevertheless, the scholarly literature offers very few approaches to the detection of reputational crises ante factum from an NLP point of view. At the same time, not every peak of mentions with negative sentiment equals a crisis of reputation by definition. There exist ample general sentiment classification tools dedicated to a specific social medium, e.g. Twitter, while reputational crises often expand over various Internet sources. However, they also tend to be highly unpredictable in the way they appear and spread online. Moreover, very few studies of their development have so far been conducted from the perspective of NLP tool-design.
Therefore, in our work we try to answer the question: how can we track reputational crises fast and precisely in multiple communication channels, and what do current NLP methods offer with this respect?
For this purpose we have: consulted Internet monitoring experts and, defined major crisis topics for three business domains, built and tested three different approaches to crisis detection (a HAN-based emotion detection model, heuristic crisis detection models for predefined risks, a statistical mention peak analysis tool with an ML-based summarization algorithm) to track most Internet sources and cover both explicit and implicit content and performed an analysis of 15 reputational crises in online sources in Poland.
We offer a comparative analysis of NLP tools of qualitative semantic methods applied to a study of real-life reputational crises that appeared in Poland within the last two decades.
Single-Stage Isolation of Pure Andrographolide from Andrographis Paniculata In A Moderately Polar Solvent By Optimizing Different Parameters
Authors: MAURYA RAHUL , B Thirupataiah , Misro Lakshminarayana , R Thulasi , V Rajeesh , KS Rohit 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The primary objective of the proposed research work is to extract and enrich the pure Andrographolide (AGL) by varying the polarity index and Hildebrand solubility parameter (δ) of a moderately polar solvent. Both parameters affect the solubility of AGL in different solvents and extraction methods. AGL was extracted from the whole plant of Andrographis paniculata. Continuous or Direct, Maceration and Soxhlet extraction method used for extraction. Based on the appearance of the crystal in the Direct Soxhlet Ethyl acetate method, their yield was further optimized by using a Randomized response surface (RSM), Quadratic model-based Box-Behnken design (BBD). The HPTLC performed the AGL extraction efficiency, purity, and quantification. Based on the obtained result, the pure Andrographolide crystal (yield 0.185 g/g) was obtained by Direct Soxhlet extraction. Ethyl acetate is used as a solvent. Rf exhibited in the TLC chromatogram was 0.28. FT-IR spectra exhibited characteristics peak similar to the standard AGL, and 1H-NMR, 13C NMR elucidated crystal structure. DEPT -90/135 spectra depicted that extracted crystal was pure AGL. It is one of the novel approaches to isolating pure AGL crystal in a moderately polar solvent (Ethyl acetate) by elevating the Hildebrand solubility parameter despite using polar solvents. AGL crystal was obtained from Direct Soxhlet extraction by Ethyl acetate. It is a single-step and more economical method. It can be easily transformed into a pilot or industrial setup to extract Pure AGL.
Knowledge, and practices on sexual and reproductive health among youth trainees attached to youth training centers in Sri Lanka; Adolescent health for a better tomorrow
Authors: Mataraarachchi Dilini , Vithana P.V.S.C. , Wijemanne Chamanthi , de Silva Chithramalee 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Background: Sexual and reproductive health is a major concern among adolescents and youth in Sri Lanka. The study was carried out to assess the knowledge, and practices of the youth trainees attached to youth training institutes in Sri Lanka.
Methodology: A descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out among randomly selected 425 youth trainees attached to youth training centers in Sri Lanka using a pre-tested self-administered questionnaire. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS-21. Categorical variables were presented as numbers and percentages. Comparison of categorical variables was conducted using Chi-Square test and Fisher’s exact test as applicable.
Results: Study group consisted of 51.8% (n=220) males and 48.2% (n=205) females with mean age of 18.6 years (SD= 1.8). Only 49% (n=211) knew that nocturnal emission is normal in young men, while 8% (n=34) thought that nocturnal emission would weaken their body. Only 47.5% (n=202) had ever heard of condoms, and 13.2% (n=56) knew about the emergency contraceptive pill. While 23.3% (n=98) identified abortion could cause maternal death, 53.9% (n=227) knew that teenage pregnancy lead to complications in both mother and baby. A majority, 75.5% (n=318) expressed that HIV/AIDS can be transmitted via unprotected sexual intercourse. Only 114 (26.8%) correctly identified abstinence and limiting to one faithful sexual partner as successful ways to prevent sexually transmitted infections (STI). Nearly 8% (n=33) said that they engaged in sexual intercourse at least once in their lifetime. Of them, nearly 75% (n=23) had their first sexual contact at the age of 14-18 years and only 58% (n=19) had used condoms. Male gender (p<0.001), being a Buddhist (P=0.027), age above 20 years (P=0.002), having a education level above grade 11 (p=0.022) were positively associated with SRH knowledge.
Conclusions and recommendations: Knowledge and practices on sexual and reproductive health among youth trainees were sub-standard. Study recommends strengthening sexual and reproductive health education at youth training centers.
A comparison of health-related factors between patients diagnosed with ME/CFS and patients with a related symptom picture but no ME/CFS diagnosis: A cross-sectional exploratory study
Authors: Bernhoff Gabriella , Rasmussen-Barr Eva , Käll Lina Bunketorp 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
In chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis (ME/CFS), the capacity for activity and participation is strongly limited. The disease definition is very broad, and considering the lack of evidence for best treatment, it is important to understand what is ME/CFS-specific in the biopsychosocial perspective in comparison with similar syndromes. The objective was to study the difference between those diagnosed with ME/CFS and those with similar symptoms but no ME/CFS diagnosis for self-perceived level of physical activity, work ability, anxiety/depression, and health-related quality of life.
Methods
This was a clinical cross-sectional study with data collected from mailed questionnaires. The following variables were compared between patients diagnosed with ME/CFS (n=205) and those with similar symptoms but no diagnosis (n=57); level of physical activity, Work ability index (WAI), Hospital anxiety and depression scale (HAD-A/HAD-D), and RAND-36 Physical functioning, Role limitations due to physical health problems, Role limitations due to personal or emotional problems, Social functioning, Energy/fatigue, Bodily pain, Emotional well-being, and General health perceptions. The Chi-squared test (nominal data), the Mann-Whitney U test and the Student’s t test were used to analyze the data.
Results
The group diagnosed with ME/CFS had a more impaired physical and mental exertion ability as compared to the group that had similar symptoms but was not diagnosed with ME/CFS, shown by a RAND-36 lower index of physical role functioning (p = 0.00), social functioning (p=0.00), energy (p = 0.01), worse pain (p = 0.02) and poorer overall health (p = 0.00). In contrast, no significant group differences emerged for weekly level of physical activity, work ability, anxiety/depression, and RAND-36 Emotional role limitation and well-being.
Conclusion
Our results indicate that those with a diagnosis of ME/CFS are characterized by an impaired ability for physical or mental exertion, worse pain, and poorer overall health as compared to individuals with similar symptoms but for whom ME/CFS-diagnosis was not established. The results may be cautiously interpreted as support when focusing on patients' self-care in terms of management of energy levels. The results must however be verified in future studies.
Green synthesis of nanosized N,N'-bis(1-naphthylidene)-4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane and its metal (II) complexes: Reaction mechanism and biological activity evaluation
Authors: Hassan Hammed H.A.M. , Hussien Hend , Elhusseiny Amel F. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Clgondensation of ecofriendly synthesized 4,4’-methanedianiline with 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde produced a (1:1) octopus-like Schiff base mixed ligand. Reaction with Co(OAc)2. H2O, NiCl2.6H2O, Cu(OAc)2. H2O and Zn(OAc)2.2H2O metals furnished their complexes in high yield and purity. All new structures were fully characterized by various spectroscopic and spectrometric measurements. The complexes exhibited high thermal stability up to 700 °C, leaving nearly 4 % of their mass as residues. Antimicrobial screening results exhibited moderate activities towards all studied microbes. Antioxidant screening was concentration dependent, and their activities were in the order Ni(II) > Zn(II) > Cu(II) > Co(II) complexes. The NO inhibitory effect revealed that the nickel complex exhibited the highest activity, whereas the cobalt complex showed the lowest inhibition. All compounds showed a significant lipid peroxidation inhibitory effect against oxidative stress. The complexes significantly diminished the TBARS level, and the nickel complex exhibited the highest inhibition at p < 0.01. Antioxidants stress the oxidative damage induced by iron, indicating that the nickel complex has the highest reducing activity. The inhibitory effect against acetylcholine esterase showed that the copper complex has the highest activity. Membrane stabilization activities clearly indicated that most compounds can improve the integrity of the cells and stability of their membrane, and this result may be related to their antioxidant capacity to protect against cytotoxicity. The nickel complex exhibited a stronger total antioxidant capacity than the other complexes. The biological and antioxidant capacities of these complexes may make them promising candidates in pharmaceutical applications.
Application of artificial intelligence analysis software to assess pulmonary small nodules in patients with osteosarcoma
Authors: NI Yun-Long , Zheng Xin-Cheng , Shi Xiao-Jian , XU Ye-Feng , Li Hua 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Objective
To explore the clinical application value of artificial intelligence analysis software in the assessment of pulmonary small nodules in patients with osteosarcoma.
Methods
From March 2011 to February 2022, 138 patients with osteosarcoma diagnosed in the Department of Oncology, Hangzhou Third People's Hospital underwent chest thin-section CT and pulmonary nodule screening based on artificial intelligence analysis software.The composition, quantity, distribution and dynamic changes of pulmonary nodules were analyzed to determine whether they were metastases.
Results
849 CT scans were performed in 138 patients with osteosarcoma. Artificial intelligence software detected 3989 pulmonary nodules, of which 3069 (76.9%) were small nodules with a diameter of ≤ 5 mm, of which 1749 (57.0%) were solid nodules, 650 (21.2%) were calcified nodules. 127 cases (92%,127/138) had small nodules, 23 cases (18.1%, 23/127) had dynamic changes in small nodules, 16 cases (69.5%, 16/23) were diagnosed with lung metastases, There was no significant difference in the location of pulmonary distribution between the diameter ≤ 5 mm and the diameter > 5 mm nodules.
Conclusion
Artificial intelligence diagnostic technology helps to intelligently evaluate the size, number and density of small pulmonary nodules in patients with osteosarcoma, and dynamic monitoring helps to characterize small pulmonary nodules.
Barriers and facilitators to social prescribing in child and youth mental health: Perspectives from the frontline
Authors: Hayes Daniel , Olsson Annabelle , Begum Salina , Bertotti Marcello , Javis-Beesley Paul , Stapley Emily 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
There is growing interest in the role of Social Prescribing (SP) to help promote mental wellbeing and support individuals with mental health difficulties. Yet, implementation of SP to children and young people (CYP) has proved slow and underdeveloped compared with adult populations. Understanding the barriers and facilitators will help key stakeholders to better embed SP for CYP into practice. Using the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF), a comprehensive, theoretical-led framework, underpinned by 33 behaviour change theories and 128 constructs, perceived barriers and facilitators to SP were investigated. The sample comprised of 11 Link Workers and 9 individuals involved in facilitating SP with CYP, who took part in semi-structured interviews. Transcripts were analysed using a deductive thematic analysis, and themes were coded under each theoretical domain. Overall, 36 barriers and facilitators for SP were identified across 12 domains of the TDF. Under capability, barriers and facilitators were found for knowledge, skills, memory/attention/decision making processes, and behavioural regulation. For opportunity, barriers and facilitators were found for social/professional influences, as well as environmental context and resources. Finally, for motivation, domains covered included: beliefs about consequences, beliefs about capabilities, optimism, motivations/goals, reinforcement, and emotions. Findings suggest that a wide range of barriers and facilitators affect the implementation of CYP SP to improve mental health and wellbeing. Interventions which target different domains related to capability, opportunity and motivation should be developed to better facilitate CYP SP.
A Lightweight Blockchain-Based Framework for Medical Cyber Physical System
Authors: Kumar Ashish , Chatterjee Kakali 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
A medical cyber physical system(MCPS) combines intelligent medical devices with a network. Nowadays, MCPS is extensively used in the healthcare system. While sharing the patient data into MCPS, the data privacy of the MCPS is a significant challenge in healthcare as most of the devices are suffered from data leaking and data manipulation attack. In this current work, blockchain implementation ensures patient data security and privacy with no delay. The blockchain module controls unauthorized data access from illegitimate users. The result and performance analysis of the proposed framework shows the low latency in the data sharing, high transaction rate, and high throughput with an increasing number of users in the network.