bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preacceleration in the Electron Foreshock. I. Electron Acoustic Waves
Authors: Morris Paul J. , Bohdan Artem , Weidl Martin S. , Pohl Martin 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
To undergo diffusive shock acceleration, electrons need to be preaccelerated to increase their energies by several orders of magnitude, else their gyroradii will be smaller than the finite width of the shock. In oblique shocks, where the upstream magnetic field orientation is neither parallel nor perpendicular to the shock normal, electrons can escape to the shock upstream, modifying the shock foot to a region called the electron foreshock. To determine the preacceleration in this region, we undertake particle-in-cell simulations of oblique shocks while varying the obliquity and in-plane angles. We show that while the proportion of reflected electrons is negligible for θ
Bn = 74.°3, it increases to R ∼ 5% for θ
Bn = 30°, and that, via the electron acoustic instability, these electrons power electrostatic waves upstream with energy density proportional to R
0.6 and a wavelength ≈2λ
se, where λ
se is the electron skin length. While the initial reflection mechanism is typically a combination of shock-surfing acceleration and magnetic mirroring, we show that once the electrostatic waves have been generated upstream, they themselves can increase the momenta of upstream electrons parallel to the magnetic field. In ≲1% of cases, upstream electrons are prematurely turned away from the shock and never injected downstream. In contrast, a similar fraction is rescattered back toward the shock after reflection, reinteracts with the shock with energies much greater than thermal, and crosses into the downstream.
Neutrino Rocket Jet Model: An Explanation of High-velocity Pulsars and Their Spin-down Evolution
Authors: Li Zheng , Peng Qiu-He , Kang Miao , Liu Xiang , Zhang Ming , Huang Yong-Feng , Chou Chih-Kang 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The fact that the spatial velocity of pulsars is generally higher than that of their progenitor stars has bothered astronomers for nearly 50 years. It has been extensively argued that the high pulsar velocity should be acquired during a natal kick process on a timescale of 100 ms–10 s in the supernova explosion, in which some asymmetrical dynamical mechanism plays a key role. However, a satisfactory picture generally is still lacking. In this study, it is argued that the neutrino rocket model can well account for the high speed as well as the long-term evolution behaviors of pulsars. The neutrinos are emitted from superfluid vortex neutrons through the neutrino cyclotron radiation mechanism. The unique characters of left-handed neutrinos and right-handed antineutrinos resulting from the nonconservation of parity in weak interactions play a major role in the spatial asymmetry. The continuous acceleration of pulsars can be naturally explained by this model, which yields a maximum velocity surpassing 1000 km s−1. The alignment between the spinning axis and the direction of motion observed for the Crab pulsar (PSR 0531) and the Vela pulsar (PSR 0833) can be well accounted for. The observed correlation between the spin-down rate and the period of long-period pulsars with P ≳ 0.5 s can also be satisfactorily explained.
Probing the Origin of Cosmic Rays in Cygnus Cocoon Using Ultrahigh-energy Gamma-Ray and Neutrino Observations
Authors: Banik Prabir , Ghosh Sanjay K. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Recent ultrahigh-energy gamma-ray observations by the High Altitude Water Cherenkov Observatory up to 100 TeV and LHAASO observatories up to 1.4 PeV energies from the direction of Fermi Large Area Telescope 4FGL source 4FGL J2028.6 + 4110e (Cygnus Cocoon) are indicative of a hadronic origin over a leptonic process for their creation. The IceCube Neutrino Observatory has reported IceCube-201120A, a neutrino event coming from the same direction, suggesting that the Cygnus Cocoon may correspond to one of the most plausible sources of high-energy cosmic rays. The apparent relationship of the neutrino event with the observed ultrahigh-energy gamma rays from the Cygnus Cocoon is investigated in this work to study if it can be explained consistently in hadronic interactions of accelerated cosmic rays with ambient matter. Our findings reveal that leptonic mechanisms, together with pure hadronic mechanisms, make a considerable contribution to the understanding of the total electromagnetic spectrum as well as the observed neutrino event. The estimate of expected muon neutrino events from the Cygnus Cocoon agrees with the one muon neutrino event detected so far in IceCube multiyear observations. Thus, our results are indicative of the potential of the Cygnus Cocoon to be a Galactic cosmic-ray source capable of accelerating at least up to PeV energies.
The Platinum Abundance of ι CrB A
Authors: Monier Richard 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The analysis of six high resolution SOPHIE spectra obtained over three consecutive nights in 2007 March reveals the presence of a strong Pt ii line at 4514.14 Å. Over the spectral range 4400 up to 4600 Å, the lines do not vary either in reduced intensity nor in radial velocity. Spectrum synthesis of this spectral range using updated atomic data yields abundances for helium (0.10 solar), magnesium (2 solar), titanium (2.20 solar), chromium (2.20 solar), manganese (28 solar), iron (1.2 solar), zirconium (80 solar), barium (15 solar) and platinum (2500 solar), which confirm the HgMn status for this star.
The Genetic relatedness of Burkholderia contaminans clinical isolates from cystic fibrosis and non-cystic fibrosis patients in Argentina
Authors: Cipolla Lucia , Prieto Monica , Faccone Diego 
Published: June 2022

Introduction: The Burkholderia cepacia complex (BCC) bacteria are opportunistic pathogens that cause nosocomial infections and are especially dangerous for cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. Burkholderia contaminans is an emerging BCC species isolated from CF patients that also occurs as a contaminant in pharmaceutical and personal care products, sometimes linking it with outbreaks.
Methodology: A total of 55 B. contaminans isolates from CF and non-CF patients in Argentina were identified by recA sequencing and MALDI TOF MS. A standardized Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE) protocol was set up in order to assess genetic diversity, outbreak investigations, and possible clone persistence.
Results: All isolates were identified as B. contaminans by both MALDI-TOF MS and recA sequence analysis. PFGE has enabled us to compare and determine the genetic relationship between B. contaminans isolates. Isolates were distributed in different PFGE clusters with evidence of the presence and persistence of a clone, over a period of 3 years, in the same hospital. This large hospital outbreak involved CF and non-CF patients. Moreover, PFGE results showed a good correlation between sporadic or outbreak-related isolates and the available epidemiological information.
Conclusions: These findings highlight the importance of B. contaminans in Argentina and provide evidence for encouraging the surveillance of highly transmissible clones. The study also contributes to global knowledge about B. contaminans infections.
Serogroups and genetic diversity of diarrheagenic strains of Escherichia coli: a retrospective study
Authors: Mare Anca , Man Adrian , Ciurea Cristina Nicoleta , Pintea-Simon Ionela Anca , Ianoși Edith Simona , Gîrbovan Cristina Elena , Toma Felicia 
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Diverse serogroups of Escherichia coli cause sporadic cases and outbreaks of diarrhea among children. Our study aimed to evaluate the serogroups of diarrheagenic strains of E. coli that cause diarrheal disease in children under two years old, and clarify if the cases were sporadic or outbreaks.
Methodology: The retrospective study included 130 strains of pathogenic E. coli, isolated from children who were less than two years of age, and had diarrheal disease, between May 2016 and July 2019. The study was conducted in the Bacteriology Laboratory (County Clinical Hospital, Mureș, Romania). The 130 strains were sero-grouped using polyvalent and monovalent O antisera. Enterobacterial Repetitive Intergenic Consensus-PCR (ERIC-PCR) was performed to evaluate the similarity between different E. coli strains, and a simplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed to detect the presence of the hlyA gene that is specific to the enterohemorrhagic strains.
Results: After agglutination with polyvalent O antisera, slightly more than half of the strains (50.77%) were sero-grouped as Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC), and the rest of the strains belonged to the Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) serogroups. Serogroup O157 was the most frequently identified (16.51% of the total number of typeable strains), and one strain was positive for hlyA. ERIC-PCR revealed a high diversity of strains, with an overall 50% similarity.
Conclusions: STEC serogroups were the most common strains causing diarrheal disease, and O-157 was the dominant serogroup identified. The strains included in our study presented high genetic diversity, suggesting that most of the cases were sporadic.
Clinical features and outcomes of COVID-19 patients admitted at a tertiary hospital in Cebu City, Philippines
Authors: Dinsay Mark Gavin Coronel , Cañete Maria Teresa Acosta , Lim Bryan Albert Tan 
Published: June 2022

Introduction: The World Health Organization has categorized coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) into mild, moderate, severe, and critical illness severities to guide clinical decision-making. This study aimed to describe the clinical characteristics, complications, and outcomes of COVID-19 patients by illness severity, at a tertiary healthcare center in Cebu City, Philippines.
Methodology: This was a retrospective, observational cohort study that examined clinical information of patients with confirmed COVID-19 infection admitted between March and September 2020.
Results: Data from 901 admitted patients were analyzed, with 185 (20.5%) classified as mild, 429 (47.6%) as moderate, 223 (24.7%) as severe, and 64 (7.1%) as critical. The frequency of male gender, advancing age, co-morbidities (hypertension and diabetes mellitus), inflammatory marker elevation (LDH, CRP, Ferritin, Procalcitonin), and elevated mean white blood cell counts with relative neutrophilia and lymphopenia increased with COVID severity. Severe and critical cases of COVID presented with more diffuse lung involvement in chest radiographs and abnormal electrocardiographic patterns such as ischemic changes, PVCs, PACs, and sinus tachycardia. The most common complications on admission were ARDS (10.9%), AKI (10.1%), shock (6.6%), and cardiac arrest (6.3%). Mortality rates were highest in critical cases (82.8%). Severe and critical COVID-19 cases were predominant on final disposition, rising to 62.5% of the study population from 32.1% on admission.
Conclusions: This study highlights key differences in clinical characteristics, complications, and outcomes between illness severities. Risk prediction models are needed for disease progression and poor outcomes.
Introduction
Authors: Gisel Pierre , Gonzalez Philippe 
Published: June 2022

Cette introduction précise le lieu qui a vu se mettre en place les textes qui composent le dossier, les présente et dégage leurs axes principaux respectifs. Dans un second temps, plus décalé, elle ouvre trois interrogations critiques, articulées à ce que propose Joas et visant à poursuivre la discussion sur ce qui est en jeu aux plans social, politique, religieux. Elle salue la visée d’une « autoréflexion des sciences sociales et culturelles sur leurs bases biologiques et leurs contenus normatifs » en lien avec des problèmes sociaux et politiques historiquement déterminés. Elle souligne le substrat anthropologique travaillé par l’approche joassienne, celle-ci visant à mettre en évidence ce qui se joue entre les corps, individuels et sociaux, les créativités de l’agir humain, singulières, et les structures et dynamiques sociales. C’est sous cet horizon que se profilent les trois questions marquant décalage avec le travail de Joas. La première le fait en focalisant sur les jeux entre corps et dépassement, et ce qui y est mobilisé, où se creuse de l’organisation collective non réductible au seul politique et ses nouages propres. La deuxième revient sur la question du rite, pour en évoquer l’importance au cœur de nos activités mondaines, sur mode séculier et non religieux. La troisième reprend la question proprement religieuse, interrogeant ce que Joas fait de la différenciation moderne des sphères sociales, ainsi que l’absence, chez lui, de travail critique sur les religions en leurs traditions, avec ce qui peut les traverser de pathologies propres.
Les traditions religieuses au cœur du socioculturel
Authors: Gisel Pierre 
Published: June 2022

Après avoir rappelé les points-forts de ce que Joas propose dans Les pouvoirs du sacré, l’auteur repart de la question de la sécularisation qui obsède les institutions religieuses et les empêche de discerner les traits propres du contemporain : de l’inédit et de l’innovation, portant des quêtes et des refus, à déchiffrer, s’inscrivant en outre dans une redistribution de ce qui fait le social. Or n’en répond plus le jeu des désacralisations-resacralisations collectives cher à Joas, dont il faut dès lors se décaler, pour souligner que le social est d’abord disséminé et désinstitutionnalisé et que le religieux ne se résume pas à la fonction ici mobilisée. Ce dernier est aussi, foncièrement même, marque d’écart et de différence. L’auteur estime que cet aspect doit être validé au regard du contemporain et esquisse ce qui en est entrainé pour le statut et les formes des traditions religieuses.
Comment discuter sans entrer dans Les pouvoirs du sacré ?
Authors: Ullern Isabelle 
Published: June 2022

L’article est construit en douze remarques posant et argumentant « le choix de ne pas » : ne pas entrer dans la systématique de l’essai et de la pensée de Joas concernant ce qu’il conçoit comme « les pouvoirs du sacré ». La discussion prend appui sur l’introduction du livre et la préface à sa traduction française, en se maintenant dans un champ de références pluridisciplinaires extérieures à la systématique joasienne. Elle ne porte pas sur les termes du débat, ni sur le débat avec la notion de désenchantement de Weber et de sa réception. Au contraire, au fil des pages de seuil de l’essai de Joas, l’argumentation consolide son extériorité discutante, sans ni chercher ni prétendre invalider la thèse de Joas. Le choix de ne pas comme mode de pensée tenté ici est plus proche de la figure du « divergent accord » taubesien que de celle de l’« attraction élective » wébérienne que, d’ailleurs, Joas reprend à son compte d’une façon qui lui est propre. L’enjeu est de ne pas souscrire à l’invalidation anachronique d’une auto-compréhension moderne qui fut effective, ce qui ne règle pas la question de penser, en effet, comment elle est dépassée aujourd’hui. Il est aussi de ne pas souscrire à penser l’extrême pluralité effective des religions à partir de deux notions unificatrices, le politique et la notion (en réalité trop particulière) de « sacré ».
Endo-1,4-D-glucanohydrolase assisted extraction of essential oil from the seed kernels of Nutmeg by using a two-step protocol
Authors: Iko Wanen , Omeje Kingsley Ozioma , Ozougwu Vincent Eric , Eze Sabinus Oscar Onyebuchi , Chilaka Ferdinand Chiemeka 
Published: June 2022

The cell walls of plants are made up of cellulose as the major composite and the hydrolysis of this polysaccharide has proven to be a major step in the extraction of many biomolecules. This research was on both pure and partially purified endo-1,4-D-glucanohydrolase, EC 3.2.1.4 (cellulase) assisted extraction of essential oil from the seed kernels of Nutmeg by using a two-step protocol that involved the pretreatment of the sample with cellulase followed by the distillation of the essential oil using Clevenger apparatus. The essential oil obtained after pretreatment with pure cellulase was 8.2 % while 5.8 % of essential oil was obtained when treatment prior to hydro-distillation of oil was done with partially purified cellulase. An oil yield of 3.8 % was observed when no enzyme pretreatment was carried out. The GC-MS analysis of the essential oil obtained from the two-step protocol showed the presence of 25 and 24 components from the sample pretreated with the partially purified cellulase and pure cellulase respectively. There were three major groups of components observed from the essential oils. These are the monoterpenes made up of sabinene, α-pinene, and β-pinene; the sesquiterpenes made up of safrole and alpha-copaene; and the phenylpropanoid/aromatic compounds, composed of myristicin and methyl eugenol. The presence of these principal compounds in the major groups has given nutmeg essential oil improved value due to the possibility of incorporating them as functional ingredients in several products with possible applications in the pharmaceutical, agricultural, fragrance, flavour, and cosmetic industries
E-health alkalmazások növekvő jelentősége az időskori aktivitásban a COVID19 járványhelyzet alatt
Authors: Zsarnóczky-Dulházi Fanni , Zsarnóczky Martin 
Published: June 2022

Az e-health alkalmazások egyre nagyobb teret nyernek a mindennapi életünkben. Míg korábban a digitalizáció fejlődése játszott jelentős szerepet az e-health népszerűségében, mára a kialakult járványhelyzet segítette a minél szélesebb körű elterjedést. A digitalizáció folyamatai és az e-health vizsgálata kapcsán több olyan saját kutatási eredmény kaptunk, amelyekben az orvosi, szakmai társadalom jelentős része csupán egyfajta lehetőségként tekintett az e-health megoldásaira. Ezt az úgynevezett „lehetőség” definíciót jelentősen átformálta a COVID19 járványhelyzet. Napjainkra egyértelművé vált, hogy az e-health biztosította lehetőség mára jól használható, sok esetben kompatibilis megoldásokat is tud biztosítani az érintettek számára. Bár tudható, hogy ezeket a „megoldásokat” az orvos beteg érintkezések számának csökkentése kényszerítette ki, ugyanakkor más területen is megmutatkoznak az előnyei. A Campus Mundi támogatásával lehetőségünk volt egy olyan kutatás lefolytatására, amelynek keretében a kanadai-magyar diaszpóra körében folytattunk kérdőíves kutatásokat. A kérdőívek tematikája egyrészt az e-health és a generációs szokások, másrészt az életminőség, a jól-lét, a fogyasztási különbségek témaköreinek mátrixszerű kombinációival készültek.
A kutatások eredményeiből egyértelműen megállapítható, hogy Kanadában jóval a COVID19 járvány előtt is volt már szerepe az okosmegoldásoknak az 55 éven felüliek körében. A járványhelyzet pedig jóval feljebb tolta az e-health megoldások használóinak belépési életkorát. A kimondottan prevenciós vagy egészségmegőrző alkalmazásokat használók körében a belépési küszöb 75 év felett is volt sok alkalommal, amely alapján kijelenthető, hogy a használók száma több kohorsz csoportot foglal magában. Kimondottan érdekes eredménynek számít a nyugdíjjal rendelkezők körében, hogy az otthoni multi-mix tevékenységek körében a mindennapos e-health területéhez tartozó okosmegoldások a TOP10 legkedveltebb tevékenységek körébe tartoznak.
Pengaruh Kualitas Produk Kredit Angsuran Sistem Fidusia (KREASI) Terhadap Peningkatan Jumlah Nasabah (Studi Kasus Pada PT. Pegadaian Cabang Pungkur Kota Bandung)
Authors: Maharani Tiara , Oktaviani Tassya Siti , Adji Widwi Handari 
Published: June 2022

This study aims to determine whether the quality of the fiduciary system installment credit product (KREASI) can influence increasing the number of customers (case study at PT. Pegadaian Pungkur branch, Bandung city). The method of T-test and F test using SPSS 25 program and descriptive quantitative approach is the type of approach used in this research. In this study, the information taken came from observational data, supporting journals, and questionnaires distributed using Google forms with samples that had been studied from 100 respondents. The results of this study prove that product quality significantly affects the increase in the number of customers.
Keywords: Product quality, KREASI, Increasing Number of Customers
Analysis of Financial Performance Efficiency at the National Amil Zakat Agency (BAZNAS) East Java Province 2018-2020 Period Using Data Envelopment Analysis and the National Zakat Index
Authors: Ningsih Sri Wahyuni ​​ , Yuliana Indah   
Published: June 2022

Zakat plays an important role in improving the welfare of a country, especially in supporting economic growth, in this case the government establishes BAZNAS in charge of Managing, Distributing and Empowering Zakat. To know the performance of BAZNAS, it is necessary to evaluate the efficiency. The purpose of this study was to determine the efficiency of the performance of BAZNAS JATIM for the 2018-2020 period by using two approach methods, namely Data Envelopment Analysis and the National Zakat Index. The results of the study using DEA show that the performance of BAZNAS is efficient with an efficiency line of 100% from 2018-2020 and the results using the IZN method show that there was an increase in regulation, which initially in 2018 the regulatory indicator o btained an index value of 0, which means it is not good, has increased in 2019-2020 it was also known that the regulatory indicator scored 1.00 (very good) which means the local government has issued regulations related to zakat. Regarding the allocation of APBN/APBD funds, there is also an increase, namely the indicator value of APBN support is 0.25 (not good), which means that at least 20% of the operational costs of the East Java Baznas can be met with the budget.
Keywords: performance efficiency, BAZSNASJATIM, Data Envelopment Analysis, National Zakat Index,
The Impact of Islamic Capital Market Literacy, Financial Behavior, and Income on the Interest to Invest in Islamic Capital Markets among Generation Z: Case Study on Gunadarma University Students
Authors: Arifin Zaenal , Rizaldy Muhamad Rizky 
Published: June 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of Islamic capital market literacy, financial behavior, and income on the interest in investing in the Islamic capital market among generation Z. The research type and method used is quantitative research. The data used is primary data collected using an online questionnaire containing questions related to the variables, spread among Gunadarma University students as respondents. This study uses multiple linear regression analysis with a non-probability sampling technique assisted by statistical tools SPSS version 25. The results of this study indicate that partially Islamic capital market literacy variables (X1) and financial behavior (X2) have a significant effect on interest in investing in Islamic capital market. However, income (X3) has no partial effect on interest in investing. Meanwhile, simultaneously, the variables of Islamic capital market literacy, financial behavior, and income have an influence on interest in investing in the Islamic capital market. The results of this study emphasize the importance of increasing financial literacy to increase the involvement of Generation Z in the Islamic financial system, by intensifying socialization and education programs, in this case on the Islamic capital market.
Keywords: Islamic Capital Market Literacy; Financial Behavior; Income; Interest to Invest; Gen Z