bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study on the synthesis and characterization of CoTiO3 catalysts and their catalytic properties in Oxone activation for the degradation of tetracycline antibiotic in water
Authors: Zhao Xiaohui , Zhou Hui , Hua Qiong , Wang Chengyu , Wang Xiaodan , Zhang Ke , Zhang Hongpei , Zheng Binguo , Niu Junling 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The chemical degradation of sulfate by activated Oxyone has the advantages of high degradation capacity, wide pH range and convenient transportation and storage, making it one of the most attractive advanced oxidation processes (AOPs). Besides, Co is the metal most capable of activating Oxone to produce sulfate. Therefore, it is critical to develop Co-based catalyst, an effective and recyclable heterogeneous catalyst, for activating Oxone to degrade tetracycline. In this study, CoTiO3 was extensively investigated for the activation of Oxone to generate sulfate radicals and degrade tetracycline antibiotics. The results showed that more than 95% of tetracyclines could be degraded at the amount of CoTiO3 catalyst of 0.02 g, the Oxone reagent concentration of 0.4 mmol l−1, and the pH value of 7. The removal rate of tetracyclines could still reach more than 85% after the CoTiO3 composite was repeatedly used for four consecutive cycles. These results indicate that CoTiO3/Oxone can be explored as an effective system for degrading long-lived organic pollutants.
Vertebral Fractures Assessed by Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry and All-Cause Mortality: The Tromsø Study, 2007–2020
Authors: Johansson Jonas , Emaus Nina , Geelhoed Bastiaan , Sagelv Edvard , Morseth Bente 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Vertebral fractures have been associated with increased mortality, but findings are inconclusive, and many vertebral fractures avoid clinical attention. We investigated this association in a general population of 2,476 older adults aged ≥55 years from Tromsø, Norway, who were followed over 2007–2020, using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) at baseline to evaluate vertebral fractures (mild, moderate, or severe). We used multiple Cox regression models to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) for all-cause mortality, adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, education, smoking, alcohol intake, cardiovascular disease, and respiratory disease. Mean follow-up in the cohort was 11.2 (standard deviation, 2.7) years; 341 participants (13.8%) had ≥1 vertebral fracture at baseline, and 636 participants (25.7%) died between baseline and follow-up. Full-adjustment models showed a nonsignificant association between vertebral fracture status (yes/no) and mortality. Participants with ≥3 vertebral fractures (HR = 2.43, 95% confidence interval: 1.57, 3.78) or ≥1 severe vertebral fracture (HR = 1.65, 95% confidence interval: 1.26, 2.15) had increased mortality compared with those with no vertebral fractures. Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry–based screening could be a potent and feasible tool in detecting vertebral fractures that are often clinically silent yet independently associated with premature death. Our data indicated that detailed vertebral assessment could be warranted for a more accurate survival estimation.
Dupilumab Use Is Associated With Protection From Coronavirus Disease 2019 Mortality: A Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Donlan Alexandra N , Mallawaarachchi Indika , Sasson Jennifer M , Preissner Robert , Loomba Johanna J , Petri William A 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We previously found that type 2 immunity promotes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pathogenesis in a mouse model. To test relevance to human disease, we used electronic health record databases and determined that patients on dupilumab (anti-interleukin [IL]-4R monoclonal antibody that blocks IL-13 and IL-4 signaling) at the time of COVID-19 infection had lower mortality.
Selecting auditory alerting stimuli for eagles on the basis of auditory evoked potentials
Authors: Goller Benjamin , Baumhardt Patrice , Dominguez-Villegas Ernesto , Katzner Todd , Fernández-Juricic Esteban , Lucas Jeffrey R 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Development of wind energy facilities results in interactions between wildlife and wind turbines. Raptors, including bald and golden eagles, are among the species known to incur mortality from these interactions. Several alerting technologies have been proposed to mitigate this mortality by increasing eagle avoidance of wind energy facilities. However, there has been little attempt to match signals used as alerting stimuli with the sensory capabilities of target species like eagles. One potential approach to tuning signals is to use sensory physiology to determine what stimuli the target eagle species are sensitive to even in the presence of background noise, thereby allowing the development of a maximally stimulating signal. To this end, we measured auditory evoked potentials of bald and golden eagles to determine what types of sounds eagles can process well, especially in noisy conditions. We found that golden eagles are significantly worse than bald eagles at processing rapid frequency changes in sounds, but also that noise effects on hearing in both species are minimal in response to rapidly changing sounds. Our findings therefore suggest that sounds of intermediate complexity may be ideal both for targeting bald and golden eagle hearing and for ensuring high stimulation in noisy field conditions. These results suggest that the sensory physiology of target species is likely an important consideration when selecting auditory alerting sounds and may provide important insight into what sounds have a reasonable probability of success in field applications under variable conditions and background noise.
Incessant pericarditis following the second dose of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine successfully treated with anakinra: a case report
Authors: Conte C , Princi G , D’Amario D , Sanna T , Pedicino D , Liuzzo G 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Background
The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has led to the development of the first mRNA vaccines used in humans. These vaccines are well tolerated, safe, and highly effective; however, post-marketing surveillance is revealing potential rare adverse effects. We report a case of incessant pericarditis following administration of the second dose of mRNA-1273 SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, unresponsive to conventional therapy, and successfully treated with anakinra.

Case summary
A 30-year-old man presented to the Emergency Department for incessant pericarditis unresponsive to evacuative pericardiocentesis and conventional first-line anti-inflammatory therapy. Given the typical ‘inflammatory phenotype’ clinically characterized by fever, C-reactive protein (CRP) elevation, and leucocytosis, we decided, in agreement with the rheumatologist team, to avoid glucocorticoid and to administer anakinra. A sudden clinical and echocardiographic improvement was observed, with complete resolution of the symptoms and of the pericardial effusion; similarly, CRP values progressively decreased. The patient was discharged at home; no recurrences of pericarditis were described at clinical and instrumental follow-up made 3 months later.

Discussion
Several cases of pericarditis have been described in patients who received the COVID-19 vaccination, especially with the mRNA vaccine that can induce a non-adaptive immunity response against the viral spike protein, triggering cardiac damage for a molecular mimicry mechanism; however, defined pathogenesis of pericarditis associated with mRNA vaccine is still missing. The clinical scenario described is characterized by the typical ‘inflammatory phenotype’, triggered by a disproportionate and uncontrolled activation of the inflammasome based on an interleukin-1 (IL-1) overproduction. We administered anakinra, an IL-1 blocking drug, with a sharp clinical, echocardiographic and laboratoristic improvement. The complete response observed in this case suggests that vaccine-related pericarditis could be triggered by an auto-inflammatory pathway based on IL-1 overproduction. Further research is, therefore, warranted to determine the mechanisms by which the mRNA vaccine may cause pericarditis in order to choose the most targeted therapy.
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on recovery from cardiac surgery: 1-year outcomes
Authors: Sanders Julie , Bueser Teofila , Beaumont Emma , Dodd Matthew , Murray Sarah E , Owens Gareth , Berry Alan , Hyde Edward , Clayton Tim , Oo Aung Ye 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAimsThe outbreak of COVID-19 was potentially stressful for everyone and possibly heightened in those having surgery. We sought to explore the impact of the pandemic on recovery from cardiac surgery.Methods and resultsA prospective observational study of 196 patients who were ≥18years old undergoing cardiac surgery between March 23 and July 4, 2020 (UK lockdown) was conducted. Those too unwell or unable to give consent/complete the questionnaires were excluded. Participants completed (on paper or electronically) the impact of event [Impact of Events Scale-revised (IES-R)] (distress related to COVID-19), depression [Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D)], and EQ-5D-5L [(quality of life, health-related quality of life (HRQoL)] questionnaires at baseline, 1 week after hospital discharge, and 6 weeks, 6 months and 1 year post-surgery. Questionnaire completion was &gt;75.0% at all timepoints, except at 1 week (67.3%). Most participants were male [147 (75.0%)], white British [156 (79.6%)] with an average age 63.4years. No patients had COVID-19. IES-R sand CES-D were above average at baseline (indicating higher levels of anxiety and depression) decreasing over time. HRQoL pre-surgery was high, reducing at 1 week but increasing to almost pre-operative levels at 6 weeks and exceeding pre-operative levels at 6 months and 1 year. IES-R and CES-D scores were consistently higher in women and younger patients with women also having poorer HRQoL up to 1-year after surgery.ConclusionsHigh levels of distress were observed in patients undergoing cardiac surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic with women and younger participants particularly affected. Psychological support pre- and post-operatively in further crises or traumatic times should be considered to aid recovery.RegistrationClinicaltrials.gov ID:NCT04366167.
Postoperative dysphagia as a predictor of functional decline and prognosis after undergoing cardiovascular surgery
Authors: Ogawa Masato , Satomi-Kobayashi Seimi , Hamaguchi Mari , Komaki Kodai , Izawa Kazuhiro P , Miyahara Shunsuke , Inoue Takeshi , Sakai Yoshitada , Hirata Ken-ichi , Okada Kenji 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Aims
Post-extubation dysphagia (PED), an often overlooked problem, is a common and serious complication associated with mortality and major morbidity after cardiovascular surgery. Dysphagia is considered an age-related disease, and evaluating its long-term effects is a pressing issue with rapidly progressing ageing worldwide. Therefore, we examined the effect of PED on functional status and long-term cardiovascular events in patients undergoing cardiovascular surgery.

Methods and results
This single-centre, retrospective cohort study included 712 patients who underwent elective cardiovascular surgery and met the inclusion criteria. Patients were divided into PED and non-PED groups based on their post-operative swallowing status. The swallowing status was assessed using the Food Intake Level Scale. Functional status was evaluated as hospital-associated disability (HAD), defined as a decrease in activities of daily living after hospital discharge compared with preoperative values. The patients were subsequently followed up to detect major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCEs). Post-extubation dysphagia was present in 23% of the 712 patients and was independently associated with HAD (adjusted odds ratio, 2.70). Over a 3.5-year median follow-up period, MACCE occurred in 14.1% of patients. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard analysis revealed HAD to be independently associated with an increased risk of MACCE (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.85), although PED was not significantly associated with MACCE.

Conclusion
Post-extubation dysphagia was an independent HAD predictor, with the odds of HAD occurrence being increased by 2.7-fold due to PED. Hospital-associated disability accompanied by PED is a powerful predictor of poor prognosis. Perioperative evaluation and management of the swallowing status, and appropriate therapeutic interventions, are warranted.
Modelling seismicity pattern of reservoir-induced earthquakes including poroelastic stressing and nucleation effects
Authors: Zhao Rong , Xue Jing , Deng Kai 
Published: September 2022

SUMMARY
Abnormal seismic activities near reservoirs usually show a strong spatiotemporal correlation with the water filling history. Reservoir-induced seismicity is thought to be related to crustal pore pressure and stress changes caused by water impounded behind the dams. Though the Coulomb-type stress analysis helps illuminate areas that would be under risk following reservoir impoundment, it lacks the ability to explain the temporal characteristics of reservoir-induced seismicity. We present a numerical investigation of the seismicity rate evolution of reservoir-induced earthquakes. Our modelling employs a fully coupled 2-D poroelastic model to calculate the pore pressure and stress changes caused by water impoundment and incorporates the rate- and state-dependent friction law to investigate the seismicity rate. We demonstrate that shallow earthquakes are mainly caused by pore pressure increase, while poroelastic stress transfer takes the dominant role at depth. Whether a fault would be brought close to failure depends on its geometrical properties and its relative location to the reservoir. The temporal evolution of reservoir-induced earthquakes is primarily controlled by tectonic environment instead of the diffusion of pore pressure.
Descending thoracic aortic repair outcomes for chronic aortic dissection: a single-centre experience
Authors: Yamane Yoshitaka , Oshima Susumu , Ishiko Kazumasa , Okiyama Makoto , Hirokami Tomohiro , Hirai Yuki , Sakurai Shigeru , Ozaki Kensuke , Yoshimura Kenichi , Takahashi Shinya , Yamamoto Shin 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Thoracic endovascular aortic repair is a widely accepted treatment for chronic aortic dissection because of good early results compared to open surgical repair. We provide early and long-term results of descending thoracic aortic repair for chronic aortic dissection.

METHODS
Patients who underwent descending thoracic aortic repair for chronic aortic dissection between January 2012 and December 2020 at Kawasaki Aortic Centre were included in this analysis.

RESULTS
Four hundred ninety-two patients (median age, 64 years; interquartile range, 52–75 years) were included. The median duration of follow-up was 3.2 years (interquartile range, 1.5–5.2 years). The early mortality rate was 2.0% (n = 10); strokes occurred in 17 patients (3.5%); and spinal cord injuries occurred in 30 patients (6.1%). Early major adverse events including early death, stroke, spinal cord injury, tracheostomy and haemodialysis at the time of discharge occurred in 62 patients. Multivariable analysis indicated that age &gt; 70 years and non-elective surgery were predictors of early major adverse events. Among patients without both risk factors (i.e. low-risk patients), 1 early death (0.4%), 3 strokes (1.5%) and 1 spinal cord injury (0.4%) were observed, 2 tracheostomies were performed (0.8%) and no patients required haemodialysis at the time of hospital discharge. The 5-year survival rate was 87.2%. The cumulative incidence of chronic aortic dissection-related aortic reintervention at 5 years was 7.9%.

CONCLUSIONS
Descending thoracic aortic repair for chronic aortic dissection resulted in good early and long-term results, and it can serve as the gold standard for low-risk patients.
The interplay between antitrust law and intellectual property: stages of the European evolution
Authors: Ghidini Gustavo 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The interplay is reconstructed in an evolutionary perspective along three main stages. In the first one, Commission focused on IPRs holders’ power of disposition in order to prevent that profiting from the statutory ‘territorial scope’ of national exclusive rights, agreements were enacted partitioning the European market thus frustrating the goal of the Single Market. In the second phase, in order to avoid monopolization of top-level innovation, the statutory excludent power itself of holders of patents and copyrights on non-workably substitutable (thus ‘essential’) innovative solutions—and also holders of a dominant position—was tempered by a duty to grant access, on FRAND terms, to competitors willing licensees. In the third stage, in order to clear the market from ‘unworthy’ IPRs, thus ensuring a fairly competitive playing field, the attention focused on the acquisition itself of IPR entitlement and various forms of its anticompetitive misuse.
Social Interactions and Legislative Activity
Authors: Canen Nathan , Jackson Matthew O , Trebbi Francesco 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We develop a model of social interactions, as well as strategic interactions that depend on such social activity, and use it to measure social complementarities in the legislative process. Our model allows for partisan bias and homophily in the formation of relationships, which then impact legislative output. We use it to show how increased electoral competition can induce increased social behavior and the nonlinear effects of political polarization on legislative activity. We identify and structurally estimate our model using data on social and legislative efforts of members of each of the 105th–110th U.S. Congresses (1997–2009). We find large spillover effects in the form of complementarities between the efforts of politicians, both within and across parties. Although partisanship and preference differences between parties are significant drivers of socializing, our empirical evidence paints a less polarized picture of the informal connections of legislators than typically emerges from legislative votes alone.
Costs Around the First Year of Diagnosis for 4 Common Cancers Among the Privately Insured
Authors: Shih Ya-Chen Tina , Xu Ying , Bradley Cathy , Giordano Sharon H , Yao James , Yabroff K Robin 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Background
We estimated trends in total and out-of-pocket (OOP) costs around the first year of diagnosis for privately insured nonelderly adult cancer patients.

Methods
We constructed incident cohorts of breast, colorectal, lung, and prostate cancer patients diagnosed between 2009 and 2016 using claims data from the Health Care Cost Institute. We identified cancer-related surgery, intravenous (IV) systemic therapy, and radiation and calculated associated total and OOP costs (in 2020 US dollars). We assessed trends in health-care utilization and cost by cancer site with logistic regressions and generalized linear models, respectively.

Results
The cohorts included 105 255 breast, 23 571 colorectal, 11 321 lung, and 59 197 prostate cancer patients. For patients diagnosed between 2009 and 2016, total mean costs per patient increased from $109 544 to $140 732 for breast (29%), $151 751 to $168 730 for lung (11%) or $53 300 to $55 497 for prostate (4%) cancer were statistically significant. Increase for colorectal cancer (1%, $136 652 to $137 663) was not statistically significant (P = .09). OOP costs increased to more than 15% for all cancers, including colorectal, to more than $6000 by 2016. Use of IV systemic therapy and radiation statistically significantly increased, except for lung cancer. Cancer surgeries statistically significantly increased for breast and colorectal cancer but decreased for prostate cancer (P &lt; .001). Total costs increased statistically significantly for nearly all treatment modalities, except for IV systemic therapy in colorectal and radiation in prostate cancer.

Conclusions
Rising costs of cancer treatments, compounded with greater cost sharing, increased OOP costs for privately insured, nonelderly cancer patients. Policy initiatives to mitigate financial hardship should consider cost containment as well as insurance reform.
The Challenge of Bioinequality: Addressing the Health Impact of Unequal Treatment Through Law
Authors: Karpin Isabel A , O’Connell Karen 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Global social movements for justice have called for better legal responses to the harms of inequality. These inequalities have traditionally been dealt with in the political sphere and legal measures to address them have taken little account of emerging knowledge about the biological impact of unequal treatment. We use the concept ‘bioinequalities’ to foreground the relationship increasingly articulated in studies that show that social stress and trauma associated with unequal treatment have a significant epigenetic and intergenerational impact on the body. This article proposes a way to address the health harms that result from inequality by drawing on the existing concept of the ‘hostile environment’ in sexual harassment jurisprudence in Australia. Our ‘bioinequality’ approach focuses on the way that inequality operates in and as a hostile and harmful environment for the embodied and embedded beings that live in it. We examine the possibilities of using the concept of a hostile environment to more effectively address discriminatory harms alongside a positive duty to create non-hostile environments. In so doing we offer a broader, bioscientifically informed approach that can inform equality laws in other jurisdictions.
Vindicating Reasons
Authors: Longworth Guy 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
What is the philosophical role of an historical account of how someone, or some people, came to believe or value as they do? I consider some proposals, due to Bernard Williams and David Wiggins, according to which such an account might either vindicate or subvert our believing or valuing as we do. I suggest some reasons for scepticism about those proposals, at least when construed as providing a fundamental means of assessing cases of believing or valuing. The main problem raised for the proposals, when so construed, is that they conflate reasons that now support believing or valuing with reasons for coming in the first place to believe or value.
A high-throughput 384-well CometChip platform reveals a role for 3-methyladenine in the cellular response to etoposide-induced DNA damage
Authors: Li Jianfeng , Beiser Alison , Dey Nupur B , Takeda Shunichi , Saha Liton Kumar , Hirota Kouji , Parker L Lynette , Carter Mariah , Arrieta Martha I , Sobol Robert W 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The Comet or single-cell gel electrophoresis assay is a highly sensitive method to measure cellular, nuclear genome damage. However, low throughput can limit its application for large-scale studies. To overcome these limitations, a 96-well CometChip platform was recently developed that increases throughput and reduces variation due to simultaneous processing and automated analysis of 96 samples. To advance throughput further, we developed a 384-well CometChip platform that allows analysis of ∼100 cells per well. The 384-well CometChip extends the capacity by 4-fold as compared to the 96-well system, enhancing application for larger DNA damage analysis studies. The overall sensitivity of the 384-well CometChip is consistent with that of the 96-well system, sensitive to genotoxin exposure and to loss of DNA repair capacity. We then applied the 384-well platform to screen a library of protein kinase inhibitors to probe each as enhancers of etoposide induced DNA damage. Here, we found that 3-methyladenine significantly increased levels of etoposide-induced DNA damage. Our results suggest that a 384-well CometChip is useful for large-scale DNA damage analyses, which may have increased potential in the evaluation of chemotherapy efficacy, compound library screens, population-based analyses of genome damage and evaluating the impact of environmental genotoxins on genome integrity.