bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hopper flows of deformable particles
Authors: Cheng Yuxuan , Treado John D. , Lonial Benjamin F. , Habdas Piotr , Weeks Eric R. , Shattuck Mark D. , O'Hern Corey S. 
Published: October 2022

The Beverloo equation describes the flow rate of particles through hoppers as a power-law (with exponent β) in the orifice diameter. β varies continuously with the ratio of the viscous drag to the kinetic friction coefficient.
Developmental Changes in the Perception of Vocal Loudness and Voice Quality in 3- to 6-Year-Old Children
Authors: Feinstein Hagar , Abbott Katherine Verdolini , Morini Giovanna 
Published: October 2022

Purpose:
The study's primary aim was to investigate developmental changes in the perception of vocal loudness and voice quality in children 3–6 years of age. A second aim was to evaluate a testing procedure—the intermodal preferential looking paradigm (IPLP)—for the study of voice perception in young children.

Method:
Participants were categorized in two age groups: 3- to 4-year-olds and 5- to 6-year-olds. Children were tested remotely via a Zoom appointment and completed two perceptual tasks: (a) voice discrimination and (b) voice identification. Each task consisted of two tests: a vocal loudness test and a voice quality test.

Results:
Children in the 5- to 6-year-old group were significantly more accurate than children in the 3- to 4-year-old group in discriminating and identifying differences between voices for both loudness and voice quality. The IPLP, used in the identification task, was found to successfully detect differences between the age groups for overall accuracy and for most of the sublevels of vocal loudness and voice quality.

Conclusions:
Results suggest that children's ability to discriminate and identify differences in vocal loudness and voice quality improves with age. Findings also support the use of the IPLP as a useful tool to study voice perception in young children.
Leveraging hierarchical semantic‐emotional memory in emotional conversation generation
Authors: Yang Min , Wang Zhenwei , Xu Qiancheng , Li Chengming , Xu Ruifeng 
Published: October 2022

AbstractHandling emotions in human‐computer dialogues has emerged as a challenging task which requires artificial intelligence systems to generate emotional responses by jointly perceiving the emotion involved in the input posts and incorporating it into the generation of semantically coherent and emotionally reasonable responses. However, most previous works generate emotional responses solely from input posts, which do not take full advantage of the training corpus and suffer from generating generic responses. In this study, we introduce a hierarchical semantic‐emotional memory module for emotional conversation generation (called HSEMEC), which can learn abstract semantic conversation patterns and emotional information from the large training corpus. The learnt semantic and emotional knowledge helps to enrich the post representation and assist the emotional conversation generation. Comprehensive experiments on a large real‐world conversation corpus show that HSEMEC can outperform the strong baselines on both automatic and manual evaluation. For reproducibility, we release the code and data publicly at: https://github.com/siat‐nlp/HSEMEC‐code‐data.
Design of frequency‐selective rasorber with multiple bands
Authors: Xing Qijun , Yan Yuchen , Wu Weiwei , Yuan Naichang 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn this letter, a novel dual‐polarized frequency selective rasorber (FSR) with multiple absorption bands and multiple transmission bands is presented. The proposed FSR consists of a lossy layer and a lossless multi‐bandpass frequency selective surface (FSS) layer, which are isolated by an air spacer. In the lossy layer, three parallel resonances can be generated by introducing rectangular spiral resonators on cross metal lines loaded with resistors. In order to achieve the same transmission frequency band as the top lossy layer, three square slots are designed at the bottom FSS layer. For demonstration, the proposed FSR is simulated, manufactured, and measured, and the measurement results are consistent with the simulation results.
Improved bandwidth and radiation efficiency of series‐fed patch array using cascaded inset‐fed mechanism
Authors: Yi Hao , Mu Yajie , Han Jiaqi , Li Long 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn this letter, a novel design approach of low‐sidelobe series‐fed patch antenna array is proposed which has enhanced bandwidth and radiation efficiency. It is based on the fact that the out‐to‐input voltage amplitude ratio of an inset‐fed patch antenna element could be manipulated by changing the insert depth of the output microstrip line. Thus, by utilizing a cascaded inset‐fed mechanism, the series‐fed patch antenna array achieves voltage amplitude tapering for desired sidelobe suppression. The step‐down transformer model and the cascaded step‐down transformer model are presented to reveal the design approach as the equivalent circuit characterization of the antenna element. As a proof‐of‐concept, a 12‐element series‐fed patch antenna array operating 24 GHz with a 20 dB sidelobe level (SLL) is designed, simulated, and prototyped. It could be found that, in contrast to the conventional width‐tapering patch antenna array, the proposed design achieves an impedance bandwidth broadening, from 1.7% to 2.5%, and a radiation efficiency improvement of 7% meanwhile.
A novel distance protection scheme using single‐ended transient voltage based on generalized S transform
Authors: Li Yifan , Sun Peng , Li Hui , Huang Shaofeng , Wu Haifeng 
Published: October 2022

AbstractConcerning the distance protection steady‐state over‐reach or under‐reach caused by the transition resistance, a novel distance protection scheme based on transient information is proposed. First, multiple fault features are extracted using the Generalized Stockwell Transform (GST), and a criterion for identifying low‐resistance and high‐resistance ground faults is constructed. Then, a GST coefficient matrix is established for the single‐ended transient voltage of the line, the attenuation coefficient and delay coefficient are derived by the least‐squares method and the beat phenomenon, and the transition resistance is calculated. On this basis, adjust the operation boundary in the +R axis direction of the operation zone according to the transition resistance value. Finally, test results on real‐time digital simulation system (RTDS) demonstrate that the protection scheme operates reliably in different fault cases and is highly immune to fault resistance. Compared with the traditional distance protection scheme, this scheme performs better when the transition resistance is large.
Design and implementation of geographic information system with mobile terminal and 5G network
Authors: Xiao Huijun , Huang Tangsen , Jiang Ensong 
Published: October 2022

AbstractRemote insurance mainly completes quotation, insurance application and payment through the PC terminal and mobile terminal, and the premium directly enters the insurance account. This article takes remote insurance as an example. First, it analyses the requirements of the remote insurance and insurance system, and then collects data from the mobile terminal. The system geographic information system (GIS) server subsystem and GIS information management subsystem are designed in three aspects. GPS data and video image data are collected and processed in the data acquisition subsystem, forwarded by the GIS server, and sent to the GIS information management subsystem. Geographic information system information management realises online loss determination through basic information query, geographic location identification, scheduling, path planning, real‐time tracking, image information etc. on the mobile terminal, combined with insurance and insurance business. In terms of implementation, the GIS information management platform and Google Maps are used to realise the monitoring, scheduling and path planning of the mobile terminal GIS online platform. And conduct experimental research on the content‐centric 5G structure. The results show that the transmission interference time of the content‐centric network‐based 5G structure is 390 ms, which is much lower than the 800 ms demanded for GSM‐R system. It proves that the content‐centric network‐based 5G structure has good mobile performance; the test of the content‐centric network verifies that the content‐centric network has the advantages of balancing network load and preventing network congestion; meanwhile, the test of the proposed The functions and performance of the GIS system proposed in this paper are tested. The results meet the user requirements.
Classification and Diagnosis of Primary Headache Disorders
Authors: Levin Morris 
Published: October 2022

AbstractProper diagnosis is the key to successful management of headache disorders. Separating secondary causes from primary headache disorders is a necessary first step, followed by further refinement within these broader categories. For research into the physiological and pathophysiological underpinnings of headache disorders, distinguishing headache types and subtypes is even more crucial. Thus, classification of headache types is required in clinical work and research in headache medicine. This article will provide an overview of the guiding philosophy behind the International Classification of Headache Disorders, a guide to its use in diagnosing primary headache disorders, and a review of important diagnostic features of the primary headaches.
Luxofractura compleja del codo con compromiso del húmero distal: Reporte de caso clínico
Authors: Escudero-Acurio Pablo Sebastián , Orozco Carlos Escudero , Moreno-Castillo Carlos 
Published: October 2022

ResumenEs conocido que el codo se disloca con frecuencia, y corresponde a la primera causa de luxación en niños y a la segunda causa en adultos. Respecto a las fracturas distales, representan un tercio de todas las fracturas del húmero en población adulta. Por lo general, se presentan en una distribución bimodal que afecta a hombres jóvenes o a mujeres ancianas. En este artículo, reportamos un caso clínico poco frecuente de luxación de codo izquierdo complicada, producto de fractura del húmero distal, en una mujer de 64 años. La lesión comprende una luxación posterolateral de codo izquierdo complicada con fractura articular parcial (compromiso del cóndilo y de la tróclea humeral externa), sagital, multifragmentaria, de húmero distal que requirió tres intervenciones quirúrgicas y terapia de rehabilitación por seis meses que finalizaron en recuperación funcional de la estabilidad de la articulación del codo. El caso reportado es particular debido a la individualidad del paciente con sus comorbilidades, el mecanismo de producción de la luxofractura, el abordaje quirúrgico, y el éxito del tratamiento instaurado. Sin embargo, este éxito terapéutico debe ser confirmado en series de casos.
Nivel de evidencia Reporte de caso.
Colgajo libre de primera arteria metatarsiana dorsal para déficit de cobertura en dígito de la mano: Reporte de caso clínico
Authors: Mendez Manuel , López Francisco 
Published: October 2022

ResumenLas lesiones graves de los dedos con pérdida de sustancia y exposición de estructuras nobles constituyen un desafío para evitar la amputación. Estas situaciones han impulsado el desarrollo de un gran número de colgajos axiales, locales, con el fin de salvar el dígito. Los colgajos libres, tomados a medida, también han sido descritos para dar coberturas adecuadas y de buena calidad. Se presenta el caso de un paciente con lesión grave de dedo anular con exposición ósea y daño tendíneo, con una pérdida de cobertura de 4 × 4 cm. El paciente fue sometido a una reconstrucción con un colgajo libre del pie, tomando como eje vascular la primera arteria intermetatarsiana. El paciente conservó su dedo con una movilidad a expensas de la articulación interfalángica proximal (IFP), con una piel de buena calidad, pinza firme y sin dolor. La zona dadora no presentó complicaciones. En manos de un equipo entrenado, con indicación adecuada, estos colgajos logran un buen resultado estético y funcional.Nivel de Evidencia 3.
Aplicação da tecnologia de impressão 3D no tratamento da pseudartrose da fratura de Hoffa*
Authors: Mendonça Celso Júnio Aguiar , Gasoto Sidney Carlos , Belo Ivan Moura , Setti João Antônio Palma , Soni Jamil Faissal , Júnior Bertoldo Schneider 
Published: October 2022

Resumo
Objetivo Avaliar uma proposta de processo de impressão tridimensional (3D) de um biomodelo preparado com o auxílio da tecnologia de modelagem por deposição de material fundido (fused deposition modeling, FDM, em inglês) a partir de imagens de tomografia computadorizada (TC) de um indivíduo com pseudartrose de fratura coronal do côndilo femoral (fratura de Hoffa).
Materiais e Métodos Para tanto, utilizamos imagens de TC, que permitem estudar a reconstrução volumétrica 3D do modelo anatômico, além da arquitetura e geometria óssea de sítios de anatomia complexa, como as articulações. Também permite o planejamento cirúrgico virtual (PCV) em um programa de desenho assistido por computador (computer-aided design, CAD, em inglês). Essa tecnologia possibilita a impressão de modelos anatômicos em escala real que podem ser utilizados em simulações cirúrgicas para o treinamento e a escolha do melhor posicionamento do implante de acordo com o PCV. Na avaliação radiográfica da osteossíntese da pseudartrose de Hoffa, verificou-se a posição do implante no modelo anatômico impresso em 3D e no joelho do paciente.
Resultados O modelo anatômico impresso em 3D apresentou características geométricas e morfológicas semelhantes às do osso real. O posicionamento dos implantes em relação à linha de pseudartrose e pontos anatômicos foram bastante precisos na comparação do joelho do paciente com o modelo anatômico impresso em 3D.
Conclusão A utilização do modelo anatômico virtual e do modelo anatômico impresso em 3D com a tecnologia de manufatura aditiva (MA) foi eficaz e auxiliou o planejamento e a realização do tratamento cirúrgico da pseudartrose da fratura de Hoffa. Desta forma, foi bastante preciso na reprodutibilidade do planejamento cirúrgico tanto virtual quanto no modelo anatômico impresso em 3D.
Un caso raro de cervicalgia
Authors: Noriega Iraia Berasategi , Armiño Paúl Vicente Alonso de , Puyalto Daniel Marín , Rodrigo Marta Sancho , Quílez Marta Molinedo , Escolar Luis Lobo , Serrano Pilar Poveda 
Published: October 2022

Resumen
Objetivo Subrayar la importancia del diagnóstico detallado del dolor y realizar autocrítica por la tardanza diagnóstica de una cervicalgia mecánica.
Material y Métodos Se presenta una paciente con dolor súbito en el cuello, con radiografías y exploración normales. La resonancia magnética (RM) resultó aparentemente anodina y se trató como cervicalgia mecánica. Tras varias consultas con el Servicio de Urgencias, se realizó una radiografía que informó de anomalía entre las primeras vértebras y se amplió con una tomografía computarizada (TC) que reveló fractura de odontoides y destrucción de la segunda cervical de origen metastásico.
Resultados La paciente fue tratada con radioterapia más collarín cervical y varios ciclos de quimioterapia, y falleció a los dos años.
Discusión Los cánceres que más frecuentemente metastatizan en la columna vertebral son los de mama, pulmón y próstata, siendo las localizaciones más frecuentes la torácica (70%), la lumbar (20%) y, por último, la cervical (10%). Cuando el tumor se descubre como metástasis, como en nuestro caso, estos pacientes tienen una alta tasa de mortalidad. Según nuestro conocimiento, en la literatura hay pocos casos descritos de neoplasias descubiertas como fractura patológica de odontoides.
Conclusión El dolor cervical no mecánico debido a una metástasis en odontoides, a consecuencia de una neoplasia de pulmón no diagnosticada, es un caso raro en la literatura y de complejo diagnóstico, en que una historia clínica detallada de la evolución del dolor y la presencia de signos de alarma son de vital importancia para su sospecha y rápido diagnóstico, mediante técnicas como la RM.
Design and optimization of two-degree-of-freedom parallel four pure-slide- and four parallel quadrilateral-pair precision positioning platform
Authors: Ji Hua-Wei , Lv Bo , Li Tian-Yi , Yang Fan , Qi An-Qi , Wu Xin , Ni Jing 
Published: October 2022

Aiming at the complex structure, small output displacement, and low positioning accuracy of the two-degree-of-freedom (2-DOF) precision positioning platform, theoretical analyses and experimental tests are carried out so that the platform has the characteristics of compact structure, large output stroke, and high positioning accuracy. First, to optimize the structural parameters of the positioning platform, a modeling method to improve the modeling accuracy of the compliant mechanism of the positioning platform is proposed. A static model of the positioning platform based on Euler–Bernoulli beam theory and the sixth-order compliance matrix method is established, and the accuracy of the model is verified by simulation. In addition, the single-objective genetic optimization algorithm is used to optimize the structural size parameters of the positioning platform, and the optimal solution set of the structural size parameters of the positioning platform is obtained by taking the displacement amplification rate of the positioning platform as the optimization target. Finally, according to theoretical and simulation analysis and optimization results, an experimental prototype was fabricated, and a series of experimental tests were carried out on the working stroke, displacement magnification, and output stiffness. The experimental results show that the displacement magnification of the positioning platform reaches 3.39, the positioning stroke is 89.2 × 85.9 µm2, and the displacement resolutions of the x-axis and y-axis are 35 and 31 nm, respectively. The positioning platform designed in this paper meets the requirements of large output stroke and high positioning accuracy.
High mechanical Q-factor measurement of Si using a 3D cantilever support
Authors: Hamedan V. Jaberian , Winterflood J. , Blair C. , Ju L. , Zhao C. 
Published: October 2022

Thermal noise in test mass substrates and coatings is a significant noise contribution in the detection band of current and proposed future gravitational wave detectors. Substrate thermal noise can be reduced by using high mechanical Q-factor materials and cooling the test mass mirrors. Silicon is a promising potential candidate for the next generation detector test masses. The low thermal expansion and high thermal conductivity of silicon allow efficient cryogenic operation, and a significant increase in the amount of optical power that can be used in the detectors by decreasing thermal deformation and aberration. Mechanical stress, damage, poor surface quality or contamination can result in increased loss and thermal noise. Therefore, the characterization of mechanical loss in silicon test masses is necessary. In this project, we developed a technique to measure high Q-factor mechanical modes. We used finite element modeling to optimize the design of the test mass support structure to minimize the loss coupling from the support structure over a wide frequency range. Mechanical Q-factors of the order of 107 were achieved for several modes of a 10 cm diam. × 3 cm cylindrical silicon test mass with such a support at room temperature.
Dissecting the stability determinants of a challenging de novo protein fold using massively parallel design and experimentation
Authors: Kim Tae-Eun , Tsuboyama Kotaro , Houliston Scott , Martell Cydney M. , Phoumyvong Claire M. , Lemak Alexander , Haddox Hugh K. , Arrowsmith Cheryl H. , Rocklin Gabriel J. 
Published: October 2022

Designing entirely new protein structures remains challenging because we do not fully understand the biophysical determinants of folding stability. Yet, some protein folds are easier to design than others. Previous work identified the 43-residue ɑββɑ fold as especially challenging: The best designs had only a 2% success rate, compared to 39 to 87% success for other simple folds [G. J. Rocklin et al., Science 357, 168–175 (2017)]. This suggested the ɑββɑ fold would be a useful model system for gaining a deeper understanding of folding stability determinants and for testing new protein design methods. Here, we designed over 10,000 new ɑββɑ proteins and found over 3,000 of them to fold into stable structures using a high-throughput protease-based assay. NMR, hydrogen-deuterium exchange, circular dichroism, deep mutational scanning, and scrambled sequence control experiments indicated that our stable designs fold into their designed ɑββɑ structures with exceptional stability for their small size. Our large dataset enabled us to quantify the influence of universal stability determinants including nonpolar burial, helix capping, and buried unsatisfied polar atoms, as well as stability determinants unique to the ɑββɑ topology. Our work demonstrates how large-scale design and test cycles can solve challenging design problems while illuminating the biophysical determinants of folding.
Mesoscale structure–function relationships in mitochondrial transcriptional condensates
Authors: Feric Marina , Sarfallah Azadeh , Dar Furqan , Temiakov Dmitry , Pappu Rohit V. , Misteli Tom 
Published: October 2022

In live cells, phase separation is thought to organize macromolecules into membraneless structures known as biomolecular condensates. Here, we reconstituted transcription in condensates from purified mitochondrial components using optimized in vitro reaction conditions to probe the structure–function relationships of biomolecular condensates. We find that the core components of the mt-transcription machinery form multiphasic, viscoelastic condensates in vitro. Strikingly, the rates of condensate-mediated transcription are substantially lower than in solution. The condensate-mediated decrease in transcriptional rates is associated with the formation of vesicle-like structures that are driven by the production and accumulation of RNA during transcription. The generation of RNA alters the global phase behavior and organization of transcription components within condensates. Coarse-grained simulations of mesoscale structures at equilibrium show that the components stably assemble into multiphasic condensates and that the vesicles formed in vitro are the result of dynamical arrest. Overall, our findings illustrate the complex phase behavior of transcribing, multicomponent condensates, and they highlight the intimate, bidirectional interplay of structure and function in transcriptional condensates.
SPACA9 is a lumenal protein of human ciliary singlet and doublet microtubules
Authors: Gui Miao , Croft Jacob T. , Zabeo Davide , Acharya Vajradhar , Kollman Justin M. , Burgoyne Thomas , Höög Johanna L. , Brown Alan 
Published: October 2022

The cilium-centrosome complex contains triplet, doublet, and singlet microtubules. The lumenal surfaces of each microtubule within this diverse array are decorated by microtubule inner proteins (MIPs). Here, we used single-particle cryo-electron microscopy methods to build atomic models of two types of human ciliary microtubule: the doublet microtubules of multiciliated respiratory cells and the distal singlet microtubules of monoflagellated human spermatozoa. We discover that SPACA9 is a polyspecific MIP capable of binding both microtubule types. SPACA9 forms intralumenal striations in the B tubule of respiratory doublet microtubules and noncontinuous spirals in sperm singlet microtubules. By acquiring new and reanalyzing previous cryo-electron tomography data, we show that SPACA9-like intralumenal striations are common features of different microtubule types in animal cilia. Our structures provide detailed references to help rationalize ciliopathy-causing mutations and position cryo-EM as a tool for the analysis of samples obtained directly from ciliopathy patients.