bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is cutaneous microbiota a player in disease pathogenesis? Comparison of cutaneous microbiota in psoriasis and seborrheic dermatitis with scalp involvement
Authors: Kayıran Melek Aslan , Sahin Eray , Koçoğlu Esra , Sezerman Osman Uğur , Gürel Mehmet Salih , Karadağ Ayşe Serap 
Published: March 2022

Background
Knowledge about cutaneous microbiota in psoriasis vulgaris and seborrheic dermatitis is limited, and a comparison of microbiota in the two diseases was not yet previously undertaken.

Aims/Objectives
This study aimed to compare the scalp lesional and non-lesional microbiota in psoriasis vulgaris and seborrheic dermatitis with that in a healthy control group.

Methods
Fifty samples were taken with sterile swabs from patients’ and controls’ scalps, and 16S rRNA gene sequencing analyses were performed.

Results
Alpha and beta diversity analyses showed that bacterial load and diversity were significantly increased in psoriasis vulgaris and seborrheic dermatitis lesions compared to the controls. As phyla, Actinobacteria decreased and Firmicutes increased, while as genera, Propionibacterium decreased; Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Aquabacterium, Neisseria and Azospirillum increased in lesions of both diseases. Specifically, Mycobacterium, Finegoldia, Haemophilus and Ezakiella increased in psoriasis vulgaris and Enhydrobacter, Micromonospora and Leptotrichia increased in seborrheic dermatitis lesions. Mycobacterium, Ezakiella and Peptoniphilus density were higher in psoriasis vulgaris compared to seborrheic dermatitis lesions. The bacterial diversity and load values of non-lesional scalp in psoriasis vulgaris and seborrheic dermatitis lay between those of lesional areas and controls.

Limitations
The small sample size is the main limitation of this study.

Conclusion
Higher bacterial diversity was detected in lesions of both psoriasis and seborrheic dermatitis compared to the controls, but similar alterations were observed when the two diseases were compared. Although these differences could be a result rather than a cause of the two diseases, there is a need to analyze all members of the microbiota and microbiota-host interactions.
Clinical and histopathological spectrum of genital lichen sclerosus in 133 cases: Focus on the diagnosis of pre-sclerotic disease
Authors: Attili Venkat Ratnam , Attili S. K. 
Published: March 2022

Background
Early inflammatory lesions of lichen sclerosus are histopathologically difficult to diagnose until the hallmark of the disease i.e., papillary sclerosis becomes visible in histological sections. Pre-sclerotic and late or resolved phases of the disease have not been extensively studied.

Methods
We retrospectively reviewed all cases diagnosed as genital lichen sclerosus over a ten-year period from 2006 to 2016, correlating the clinical findings with the histological features.

Results
A total of 133 cases of genital lichen sclerosus (90 males and 43 females) were identified. Both genders demonstrated a similar histological spectrum. Fifty eight (44%) cases were identified as having pre-sclerotic lichen sclerosus, 64 (48%) as having progressive disease and 11 (8%) cases were classified as fully resolved with atrophy. Asymptomatic vitiligoid lesions were identified in 19 (14%) cases of which 12 were male. Low-grade squamous cell carcinoma was seen within the areas affected by long-standing lichen sclerosus, in four patients (3%, 2 male).

Limitations
We studied only haematoxylin and eosin stained sections. The presence of basement membrane thickening could have been better illustrated with the periodic acid–Schiff stain.

Conclusion
The pathogenesis of lichen sclerosus probably involves an immune reaction to the basement membrane at the epidermal interface and around the adnexa. The initial band of inflammation shifts gradually downwards from the epidermal interface into the dermis destroying the vascular channels and appendages, resulting in excessive deposition of altered extracellular matrix. Basilar infiltration of lymphocytes along with a grossly vacuolated or thickened basement membrane is proposed as the characteristic diagnostic feature of the pre-sclerotic stage. Greater awareness of the clinicopathological spectrum of lichen sclerosus should enable early diagnosis and treatment, thereby preventing structural damage and possible malignant transformation in chronic cases.
Pure endoscopic management of a middle fossa Galassi III arachnoid cyst
Authors: Vargas-Moreno Alejandro , Gutierrez Oscar , Alvarez-Berastegui Rene 
Published: March 2022

Background:
Microsurgical and endoscopic approaches are accepted alternatives for the management of symptomatic arachnoid cyst. However, given their ability to visualize critical neurovascular structures with less morbidity, less dissection needs, and high success rates, endoscopic approaches are excellent options for the management of this pathology.

Case Description:
We present the case of an otherwise healthy 8-year-old male who presented with a chronic history of disabling headache that augmented with exercise and interrupted his sleep. He had a normal neurological examination. Neuroimaging studies depicted a right middle fossa Galassi III arachnoid cyst with no associated hydrocephalus, marked displacement of adjacent cortex, and apparent connection with the basal cisterns. Given the severity of the symptoms, and the size and compressive effect of the arachnoid cyst, surgical management through and endoscopic approach was undertaken. We performed a right temporal burr hole, right above the zygomatic arch to avoid vessels of the Sylvian fissure and to allow an optimal trajectory to the medial edge of the cyst and the target cisterns. We proceeded to identify the endoscopic anatomy of the surrounding structures to perform and adequate fenestration of multiple arachnoid membranes, obtaining an adequate cystocisternal communication. We then performed closure in a standard fashion. The patient was neurologically unchanged after the procedure and was discharged on postoperative day 2. The postoperative images revealed a dramatic reduction in the cyst dimensions with resolution of its compressive effect.

Conclusion:
Endoscopic management of arachnoid cyst offers several advantages such as the visualization of the cyst boundaries and critical adjacent structures, and the need for a less extensive dissection having a success rate between 83% and 92%. It is important to perform a wide multifocal fenestration as a key step to avoid cyst reclosure.
Middle meningeal artery embolization for chronic subdural hematomas. A systematic review of the literature focused on indications, technical aspects, and future possible perspectives
Authors: Di Cristofori Andrea , Remida Paolo , Patassini Mirko , Piergallini Lorenzo , Buonanno Raffaella , Bruno Raffaele , Carrabba Giorgio , Pavesi Giacomo , Iaccarino Corrado , Giussani Carlo Giorgio 
Published: March 2022

Background:Chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) is one of the most common neurosurgical diseases that affect elderly and fragile patients and as a consequence, management can be challenging. Surgery represents the standard treatment; however, alternative options are under investigation. Middle meningeal artery (MMA) embolization is considered a minimally invasive treatment although with poor evidence. In this review, we tried to summarize the findings about MMA embolization as a treatment for a CSDH to provide a useful guidance for clinical practice and for future speculative aspects.Methods:Literature review on PubMed until March 2021 was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Statement. We conducted a research on PubMed with a various combinations of the keywords “CSDH” and “middle meningeal artery” and “embolization,” “refractory subdural hematoma,” and then we reviewed the references of the relevant studies as additional source of eligible articles.Results:Among the 35 studies eligible for this review, 22 were case series, 11 were case reports, one was a technical note, and 1 was a randomized trial. A total of 746 patients were found in the literature. Failure rate of MMA embolization was between 3.9 and 8.9% of the cases according the indication to treat CSDH (upfront vs. after surgery).Conclusion:The global impression deriving from the data available and the literature is that MMA embolization is a safe procedure with very low complications and with a low failure rate, both when associated with surgery or in case of a standalone treatment.
El “caballero de frontera” en The Mandalorian (Disney+ 2019-2020)
Authors: Gutiérrez Delgado Ruth 
Published: March 2022

En este artículo propongo el concepto de caballero de frontera para definir el prototipo heroico que surge de la conversión de dos géneros narrativos: el space-western y la fantasía épica o heroica. Este concepto se aporta tras la re-visitación del héroe de frontera en la serie The Mandalorian (Disney+, 2019-2020), de acuerdo con algunos rasgos propios del concepto medieval de caballero andante. El arquetipo del héroe de frontera se adscribe al subgénero de space-western, donde recibe su condición de outlaw; sin embargo, gracias a los elementos de fantasía épica que hereda de su pertenencia al universo de Star Wars, el héroe sufre una transformación paulatina en el desenvolvimiento de su misión que lo acerca al caballero andante. Por ello, el objetivo de este artículo es doble: por un lado, categorizar ese arquetipo heroico surgido de la combinación de dos géneros cuyas narrativas presentan semejanzas a través de la figura del outsider como protagonista. Por otro lado, para tal objetivo, se explora una metodología mixta entre la semiótica y la hermenéutica en la cual se aplican los conceptos de desplazamiento metafórico y de relación por semejanza.
Validitas Lembar Kegiatan Peserta Didik (LKPD) Materi Keanekaragaman Hayati untuk Melatihkan Keterampilan Literasi Sains
Authors: Kusumawardhani Sheera , Indana Sifak 
Published: March 2022

Pembelajaran menggunakan kurikulum 2013 menuntut peserta didik untuk memiliki keterampilan literasi sains. Keterampilan literasi sains terkait dengan kemampuan untuk memperoleh suatu pengetahuan secara mandiri melalui aktivitas manusia. Di Indonesia, kemampuan literasi sains peserta didik masih tergolong rendah jika dibandingkan dengan negara-negara lain. Oleh sebab itu dibutuhkan sarana penunjang yang membantu peserta didik selama kegiatan pembelajaran dalam melatihkan keterampilan literasi sains. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menghasilkan dan mendeskripsikan validitas LKPD Keanekaragaman Hayati untuk melatihkan keterampilan literasi sains peserta didik. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan yang menggunakan metode penelitian model 4D yang terdiri dari 4 tahapan utama meliputi: 1) Define; 2) Design ; 3) Develop; 4) Disseminate, namun tahap disseminate tidak dilaksanakan. Teknik pengambilan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu menggunakan metode validasi yang diperoleh berdasarkan hasil penilaian oleh tiga validator terdiri dari dosen ahli pendidikan, dosen ahli materi, dan guru biologi menggunakan instrumen lembar validasi dengan kriteria yang telah ditentukan meliputi kelayakan penyajian, kelayakan isi, kelayakan bahasa, dan kesesuaian LKPD dengan keterampilan literasi sains. Analisis data pada penilitian ini menggunakan deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil validitas Lembar Kegiatan Peserta Didik dinyatakan sangat valid dengan perolehan skor persentase 90,28%. Berdasarkan hasil penilaian dari aspek validitas LKPD dapat disimpulkan bahwa LKPD yang dikembangkan layak untuk diimplementasikan dalam pembelajaran materi keanekaragaman hayati disekolah.
Kata kunci: Literasi Sains, Lembar Kegiatan Peserta Didik (LKPD), keanekaragaman hayati.
Pengembangam Instrumen Four-Tier Test untuk Mendetesksi Miskosnsepsi Siswa pada Materi Pembelahan Sel
Authors: Azizah Aida Nur , Susantini Endang 
Published: March 2022

Miskonsepsi merupakan pengetahuan siswa terhadap suatu konsep yang diperoleh tidak sesuai dengan konsep yang telah disepakati oleh para ilmuan. Miskonsepsi harus segera diatasi agar tidak menghambat siswa dalam memahami konsep yang benar. Pembelahan sel merupakan materi yang sulit dan jau dari kehidupan sehari-hari karena mempelajari unit terkecil. Miskonsepsi dapat dihilangkan apabila telah teridentifikasi. Banyak cara untuk mengidentifikasi miskonsepsi siswa, salah satunya dengan instrumen miskonsepsi berbentuk four-tier test. Instrumen Four-Tier Test merupakan pengembangan dari instrumen sebelumnya, namun ada penambahan tingkat keyakinan pada alasan jawaban yang akan menambah keakuratan profil pemahaman siswa terhadap suatu konsep. Produk yang dihasilkan pada penelitian ini ialah instruen four-tier test untuk mendeteksi miskonsepsi siswa pada materi pembelahan sel. Adapun tujuan penelitian antara lain, untuk mendeskripsikan validitas dan reliabilitas instrumen, profil miskonsepsi, dan mengatahui penyebab miskonsepsi. Jenis penelitian ini adalah pengembangan yang mengacu model ADDIE (Analysis,Design,Develop,Implement,Evaluate). Uji coba dilakukan di SMA Negeri 1 Driyorejo pada 70 siswa kelas XII yang telah menerima materi pembelahan sel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata validitas sebesar 94,67 dan koefisien reliabiliatas 0,72 sehingga dinyatakan sangat valid dan reliabel. Rata-rata miskonsepsi yang dialami siswa lebih besar dari siswa yang paham konsep dan tidak paham konsep, yaitu sebesar 68,74%. Miskonsepsi tertinggi terjadi pada konsep spermatogenesis sebesar 78,57%, sedangkan miskonsepsi terendah sebesar 52,86% pada konsep proses pembelahan mitosis. Faktor-faktor penyebab miskonsepsi siswa diantaranya ialah, dari diri siswa, guru, cara mengajar, konteks, dan buku teks.
Kata Kunci: miskonsepsi, four tier test, ADDIE, pembelahan sel
The Development of Student Worksheet Integrated by Stem Approach in Plant Growth and Development Material to Train Bio-Entrepreneurship Skills
Authors: Mahmudi Irkham , Susantini Endang , Yakub Pramita 
Published: March 2022

The student worksheet based on Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics / STEM approach was developed as an new teaching materials that can provide life experiences with the theme of biological entrepreneurship related to Wick hydroponics. This research aim was to produce student worksheets based on the STEM approach in plant growth and development material to train Bio-entrepreneurship skills in terms of theoretical and empirical feasibility. The development research used the 4D model started from define, design, develop, and disseminate. The research parameters measured from theoretical feasibility based on product validity, while empirical feasibility based on the results of the worksheet implementatiton in a small group of the 12th-grade student based on the level of Fry graph readability and the questionnaire responses. The results of the worksheet development on theoretical feasibility got a validity score of 3.65 with a very valid category. Empirical feasibility results based on the readability test at the 12th level, indicated that the information in the student worksheet was easily understood by 12th-grade students and got 95% of positive responses. This worksheet occupied the theoretical and empirical feasibility aspects so it was able to be used as an alternative teaching material developed using the STEM approach to trained students' Bio-entrepreneurship skills.
Keywords: Student’s worksheet, Bio-entrepreneurship, plant growth and development, hydroponic Wick.
Kelayakan Teoritis Lembar Kegiatan Siswa Berbasis Collaborative Learning Materi Daur Ulang Limbah untuk Melatihkan Literasi Sains Siswa Kelas X SMA
Authors: Rahman Septianawati , Rachmadiarti Fida 
Published: March 2022

Berdasarkan hasil data PISA tahun 2018 literasi sains siswa Indonesia menduduki peringkat ke-70 dengan jumlah negara peserta sebanyak 79 dengan skor rata-rata literasi sains siswa Indonesia 396. Hasil tersebut menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan literasi sains siswa di Indonesia masih di bawah rata-rata standar PISA, hal tersebut dapat menjadi salah satu gambaran bahwa kualitas pembelajaran sains di Indonesia perlu dibenahi. Collaborative learning merupakan model pembelajaran yang dapat meningkatkan kepercayaan diri siswa dalam mengungkapkan gagasan untuk memecahkan suatu permasalahan secara kelompok. Kegiatan dalam tahap collaborative learning berupa identifikasi masalah hingga penarikan kesimpulan yang dilakukan dengan melakukan suatu pengamatan tersebut sesuai dengan kegiatan literasi sains. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu menghasilkan LKS berbasis collaborative learning pada materi daur ulang limbah untuk melatih literasi sains siswa kelas X SMA yang layak secara teoritis. Penelitian ini menggunakan pengembangan 4D yang dibatasi hanya pada tahap pendefinisian, perecanaan, dan pengembangan. Uji coba terbatas dilakukan ke 40 siswa kelas X SMAN 2 Sidoarjo. Hasil uji kelayakan secara teoritis ditentukan berdasarkan hasil skor validasi. Berdasarkan analisis validitas didapatkan modus skor seluruh komponen sebesar 4.00 dengan kategori valid. Berdasarkan data yang didapatkan, disimpulkan bahwa LKS yang dikembangkan termasuk dalam kategori layak secara teoritis dan dapat digunakan dalam kegiatan pembelajaran.
Kata Kunci: keterampilan literasi sains, pembelajaran kolaboratif, teoritis, empiris.
The Development of E-Book Knowing Bryophyta Diversity to Train Digital Literacy
Authors: Diana Novia Putri , Wisanti Wisanti 
Published: March 2022

Digital literacy is an ability to understand and use information needed by students in 21st-century education. Digital literacy can be trained using an e-book. Mosses plant are complex materials and need to be explained using multimedia so that the received information is not the wrong concept. This research aimed to produce an e-book of “Knowing Bryophyta Diversity” to train digital literacy theoretically and empirically. This was development research referring to the Fenrich instructional model which the stages are analysis, planning, designing, development, implementation, and evaluation and revision were done at each stage. The theoretical feasibility is determined based on the validation carried out by two botanists, and one educational expert. The empirical feasibility is determined based on the readability test using a paragraph of 100 words with three repetitions and the teacher's response conducted by five high school biology teachers. The e-book is arranged based on three aspects, namely aspects of presentation, content, and language feasibility. The research instrument used validation sheets, readability sheets, and teacher’s response questionnaires. This research parameter included validation, readability, and teacher's response that analyzed descriptively quantitatively. The results showed that the theoretical feasibility based on the validity reached 97,45% with a very valid category, while the empirical feasibility based on the readability that showed the e-book was suitable used for students of grade X that were at level 10, and the teacher responses reached 98,89% with a very feasible category. Thus, the e-book “Knowing Bryophyta Diversity” expressed feasible to train digital literacy.
Keywords : e-book, digital literacy, and knowing bryophyta diversity
Kelayakan Teoretis Lembar Kegiatan Peserta Didik (LKPD) Lumut Berbasis Literasi Sains untuk Melatihkan Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis Peserta Didik
Authors: Ashari Sintha Eka , Wisanti Wisanti 
Published: March 2022

Berpikir kritis adalah kompetensi keterampilan yang dibutuhkan pada abad ke-21, karena berpikir kritis berperan sebagai proses berpikir peserta didik dalam mengambil suatu keputusan yang berdasar pada pertimbangan bukti, permasalahan serta konsep yang berhubungan. Materi lumut merupakan salah satu materi dalam pembelajaran biologi yang bersifat kompleks, sehingga upaya yang dapat dilakukan adalah dengan mengembangkan LKPD berbasis literasi sains. Literasi sains dapat menfasilitasi keterampilan berpikir kritis, ditunjukkan kesesuaian antara kompetensi literasi sains dan indikator berpikir kritis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan kelayakan teoretis LKPD “Lumut” berbasis literasi sains untuk melatihkan keterampilan berpikir kritis peserta didik. Jenis penelitian termasuk penelitian pengembangan menggunakan model 4D yang terdiri atas tahap define, design, develop, dan disseminate.Tahap define, designdan develop dilaksanakan pada bulan November 2019-Maret 2020. Kelayakan teoretis ditentukan pada tahap develop berdasarkan penilaian validasiahli botani dan ahli pendidikan. Instrumen penelitian berupa lembar penilaian validasi LKPD mencakup syarat konstruksi, teknis dan didaktik. Data dianalisis secara deskripstif kuantitatif, LKPD dinyatakan layak apabila hasil validasi mencapai ≥ 61%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa validitas LKPD sebesar 97,23% dengan kategori sangat layak. Dengan demikian LKPD “Lumut” berbasis literasi sainsdinyatakanlayak secara teoretis untuk melatihkan keterampilan berpikir kritis.
Kata Kunci: Kelayakan Teoretis, Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis, Literasi Sains, Lumut.
Validitas Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik (LKPD) berbasis Literasi Sains pada Materi Sistem Urinaria untuk Melatihkan Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis
Authors: Saraswati Inggar , Ducha Nur 
Published: March 2022

Keterampilan berpikir kritis adalah kompetensi yang dibutuhkan oleh setiap individu di era globalisasi. Upaya melatihkan keterampilan berpikir kritis salah satunya dengan menerapkan pembelajaran berbasis literasi sains, hal ini karena karakteristik pembelajaran tersebut dapat mengarahkan peserta didik dalam menganalisis dan memecahkan masalah terkait fenomena alam melalui pemberian pertanyaan-pertanyaan yang dapat memunculkan keterampilan berpikir kritis. Salah satu materi yang dapat diajarkan menggunakan pembelajaran berbasis literasi sains adalah Materi Sistem Urinaria karena materi tersebut termasuk materi sistem kehidupan manusia yang didalamnya memuat kajian terkait dimensi literasi sains. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan validitas LKPD literasi sains pada Materi Sistem Urinaria untuk melatihkan keterampilan berpikir kritis. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian dengan jenis pengembangan model 4D, yaitu pendefinisian, perancangan, pengembangan, dan penyebaran, tetapi penelitian ini selesai pada tahap pengembangan. Metode untuk mengumpulkan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode validasi. Validasi LKPD dilaksanakan oleh 2 orang dosen Jurusan Biologi Universitas Negeri Surabaya, data yang dihasilkan berupa validitas LKPD. Validitas LKPD diperoleh dari skor hasil validasi yang dianalisis menggunakan kriteria penilaian skala Likert untuk kemudian diinterpretasikan ke dalam kategori validitas. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh dari validasi LKPD menunjukkan skor validitas didaktik sebesar 3,75, validitas konstruksi sebesar 3,83, validitas teknis sebesar 3,83, dan validitas karakteristik LKPD sebesar 3,83. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa LKPD telah layak digunakan dalam melatihkan keterampilan berpikir kritis.
Kata Kunci: validitas, LKPD, literasi sains, sistem urinaria, berpikir kritis.