bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Entrepreneurial Thinking and Acting in the Context of Great Transformations in Germany: How to Approach Entrepreneurial Personalities and Organizations in Order to Actively Shape Transformational Challenges?
Authors: Braukmann Ulrich , Bartsch Dominik , Sternkopf Larissa , Schauf Thomas 
Published: October 2022

AbstractGreat Transformations like the Digital Transformation and Sustainability Transformation, their challenges and their consequences for society are increasingly discussed in theory and practice. In this context, especially the issue of dealing with fundamental and profound changes in economy, politics and society is coming to the fore. In countries with liberal democratic systems such as Germany, an entrepreneurial mindset is granted an important role in dealing with these transformations in a proactive and formative way. Thus, the issue as to how more entrepreneurial individuals and organizations—and therefore more “out of the box thinking”—can systematically be tapped and developed in Germany becomes essential. To this end, this chapter proposes a newly conceptualized interdisciplinary and integrative approach, which was distinctly designed for the addressing and winning of entrepreneurial individuals and organizations in a systematic and targeted manner. Because it is specifically tailored to the prevailing circumstances and structures in Germany, the approach emphasizes enlightened, voluntary and self-sustaining actions. Doing so, it offers an effective, but also legitimate way to address and win entrepreneurial personalities and organizations to contribute to actively shaping the Digital and Sustainability Transformation.
Applying Eye-Tracking Technology in the Field of Entrepreneurship Education
Authors: Kaminskiene Lina , Horlenko Kateryna , Chu Ling Yi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractEye-tracking application in social sciences including entrepreneurship education has increased significantly in the recent years. This technology has been used to investigate the learning process and how to foster it through instructions delivered, material used and the learning environment created. Traditional research with eye-tracking application mainly concentrates on visual aspects in the learning process including but not limited to text comprehension. A growing area of eye-tracking technologies is focused on entrepreneurship education including teacher education because schools are considered as an important stage for developing entrepreneurial competences.In general, the area of the application of eye tracking has become extremely wide in different sciences which also positively contributes to research in education. Transdisciplinary and multidisciplinary approaches are helpful to ensure multiple perspective as well as to ensure the validity of research data and results.This chapter is an attempt to critically reflect on how eye-tracking methodology is applied for research on entrepreneurship education and what are growing methodological challenges in it. At the end some implications for further studies in the field of entrepreneurship education are discussed as well as limitations of eye-tracking-based studies are highlighted.
Local Search Learning
Authors: Taillard Éric D. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIf local research constitutes the backbone of metaheuristics, tabu search, looking to learn how to iteratively modify a solution can be considered the master of metaheuristics. Moreover, this term was proposed by his inventor. This chapter focuses on the ingredients at the basis of taboo search, namely, the use of memories and tactics for exploring the solution set. Other ingredients proposed in the context of taboo search by his inventor, like the candidate lists, ejection chains, and vocabulary building have a more logical place in other chapters.
Forschungslage
Authors: Kränzlein Dirk 
Published: October 2022

ZusammenfassungDer Krieg gegen Frankreich (1870/71) erweckte in den partizipierenden deutschen Staaten Begeisterung bei der Bevölkerung. Der preußische König Wilhelm I. (1797-1888) trat zu Kriegsbeginn mit den Worten an die Öffentlichkeit, dass der Feind „überraschend und ohne Grund den Krieg“ erklärt habe, und es nun um die „Verteidigung des bedrohten Vaterlandes“ ginge. Ludwig II. (1845–1886) ließ in seiner Rede verlauten, dass „die Ehre Deutschlands und damit […] die Ehre Bayerns“ auf dem Spiel stünden.
Fragestellungen und neue Ansätze in der bayerischen Militärgeschichte
Authors: Kränzlein Dirk 
Published: October 2022

ZusammenfassungEs kann sicherlich nicht die Zielsetzung dieser Arbeit sein, jene Teilbereiche der Militärgeschichte abermals verstärkt zu erforschen und zu bewerten, da der Diskurs der Teildisziplinen nach wie vor anhält. Die Existenz des "traditionellen Zwiespalts" zwischen der akademischen Geschichtsforschung und den Kriegs- bzw. Wehrwissenschaften um die Ausrichtung, Auslegung und das zum Teil nach wie vor gegenseitige Misstrauen in der Kompetenz der Analysefähigkeit militärgeschichtlicher Ereignisse ist aktuell ein ungelöster Zustand und entspricht nicht der gewollten Zielsetzung dieser Forschungsarbeit.
Über die Bereitschaft zur Rezeption technischer Innovationen im Bayern des 19. Jahrhunderts
Authors: Kränzlein Dirk 
Published: October 2022

ZusammenfassungWährend der 1850er Jahre beschäftigte sich die Fachwelt nicht so sehr mit der Frage, welches Gewehrmodell welche Vorzüge aufzuweisen hatte. Vielmehr schien der Fokus der Diskussionen auf die Entscheidung ausgerichtet, welches Waffensystem denn zu favorisieren sei. Die Herausforderung war es, weitreichende, genaue Treffsicherheit in Verbindung mit einer akzeptablen Schussfrequenz und guter Handlichkeit des Gewehrs zu realisieren.
Holography and the KKLT scenario
Authors: Lüst Severin , Vafa Cumrun , Wiesner Max , Xu Kai 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The KKLT scenario, one of the few ideas to realize dS vacua in string theory, consists of two steps: the first involves the construction of a supersymmetric AdS vacuum with a small negative cosmological constant, and the second involves breaking supersymmetry and uplifting the energy to achieve dS. In this paper we use conventional holography to argue why it is not possible to complete the first step. We obtain this by putting a bound on the central charge of the dual theory which involves branes wrapping special Lagrangian cycles in CY 4-folds. We find that $$ {l}_{\textrm{AdS}}^2 $$

l
AdS
2

≲ χ(CY4). Since $$ {l}_{\textrm{species}}^2 $$

l
species
2

≳ χ(CY4) this leads to lAdS/lspecies ≲ 1 leading at best to a highly curved AdS which is beyond the validity of the EFT.
Equivariant Cobordism of Smooth Projective Spherical Varieties
Authors: July Henry 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe study the equivariant cobordism rings for the action of a torus T on smooth varieties over an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero. We prove a theorem describing the rational T-equivariant cobordism rings of smooth projective G-spherical varieties with the action of a maximal torus T of G. As an application, we obtain explicit presentations for the rational equivariant cobordism rings of smooth projective horospherical varieties of Picard number one.
Chest radiography and computed tomography imaging in cystic fibrosis: current challenges and new perspectives
Authors: Ciet Pierluigi , Booij Ronald , Dijkshoorn Marcel , van Straten Marcel , Tiddens Harm A. W. M. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractImaging plays a pivotal role in the noninvasive assessment of cystic fibrosis (CF)-related lung damage, which remains the main cause of morbidity and mortality in children with CF. The development of new imaging techniques has significantly changed clinical practice, and advances in therapies have posed diagnostic and monitoring challenges. The authors summarise these challenges and offer new perspectives in the use of imaging for children with CF for both clinicians and radiologists. This article focuses on chest radiography and CT, which are the two main radiologic techniques used in most cystic fibrosis centres. Advantages and disadvantages of radiography and CT for imaging in CF are described, with attention to new developments in these techniques, such as the use of artificial intelligence (AI) image analysis strategies to improve the sensitivity of radiography and CT and the introduction of the photon-counting detector CT scanner to increase spatial resolution at no dose expense.
Common permutation methods in animal social network analysis do not control for non-independence
Authors: Hart Jordan D. A. , Weiss Michael N. , Brent Lauren J. N. , Franks Daniel W. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe non-independence of social network data is a cause for concern among behavioural ecologists conducting social network analysis. This has led to the adoption of several permutation-based methods for testing common hypotheses. One of the most common types of analysis is nodal regression, where the relationships between node-level network metrics and nodal covariates are analysed using a permutation technique known as node-label permutations. We show that, contrary to accepted wisdom, node-label permutations do not automatically account for the non-independences assumed to exist in network data, because regression-based permutation tests still assume exchangeability of residuals. The same assumption also applies to the quadratic assignment procedure (QAP), a permutation-based method often used for conducting dyadic regression. We highlight that node-label permutations produce the same p-values as equivalent parametric regression models, but that in the presence of non-independence, parametric regression models can also produce accurate effect size estimates. We also note that QAP only controls for a specific type of non-independence between edges that are connected to the same nodes, and that appropriate parametric regression models are also able to account for this type of non-independence. Based on this, we suggest that standard parametric models could be used in the place of permutation-based methods. Moving away from permutation-based methods could have several benefits, including reducing over-reliance on p-values, generating more reliable effect size estimates, and facilitating the adoption of causal inference methods and alternative types of statistical analysis.
Yawning informs behavioural state changing in wild spotted hyaenas
Authors: Casetta Grazia , Nolfo Andrea Paolo , Palagi Elisabetta 
Published: October 2022

AbstractYawning is a complex behaviour linked to several physiological (e.g. drowsiness, arousal, thermoregulation) and social phenomena (e.g. yawn contagion). Being yawning an evolutionary well-conserved, fixed action pattern widespread in vertebrates, it is a valuable candidate to test hypotheses on its potential functions across the different taxa. The spotted hyaena (Crocuta crocuta), the most social and cooperative species of the Hyaenidae family, is a good model to test hypotheses on yawning correlates and significances. Through an accurate sequential analysis performed on a group of wild hyaenas, we found that yawning mainly occurred during an imminent behavioural state changing in both juveniles and adults and that seeing others’ yawn elicited a mirror response in the receiver, thus demonstrating that yawn contagion is present in this species. These results taken together suggest that yawning is linked to a behavioural state change of the yawner and that such change is caught by the observers that engage in a motor resonance phenomenon, yawn contagion, possibly effective in anticipating yawners’ motor actions. Although additional data are necessary to verify whether yawn contagion translates into subsequent motor convergence and alignment, our data suggest that both spontaneous and contagious yawning can be fundamental building blocks on the basis of animal synchronisation in highly social and cooperative species.Significant statementYawning is pervasive in many animal species, including humans. It is considered as a polyfunctional cue that has a role in regulating social interactions. While several studies focussed on yawning functions in primates, a little amount of effort was devoted to exploring this behaviour in social carnivores. We monitored a group of wild spotted hyaenas (Crocuta crocuta), which is one of the most cooperative carnivore species. In both immature and adult subjects, we found that a subject frequently changed its behavioural state after spontaneously yawning and that seeing others’ yawn elicited a mirror response in the observer. Although additional data are necessary to verify whether yawn contagion translates into subsequent motor convergence and alignment, our data suggest that both spontaneous and contagious yawning can be fundamental building blocks on the basis of animal synchronisation in highly social and cooperative species.
Estimating market power under a nonparametric analysis: evidence from the Chinese real estate sector
Authors: Fukuyama Hirofumi , Tan Yong 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe traditional Lerner index is limited in its capacity to estimate the level of competition in the economic sector from the perspective that it mainly focuses on the overall level of market power for each individual decision-making unit. Recently, Fukuyama and Tan (J Oper Res Soc, 73:445–453, 2022) estimated the Lerner index by applying the nonparametric data envelopment analysis (DEA) to calculate the marginal cost, which is an important component in the estimation of the Lerner index. Our study further extends the study of Fukuyama and Tan (J Oper Res Soc, 73:445–453, 2022) by estimating the marginal cost under the DEA in a multi-product setting. Our proposed methodology benefits from the ability to find positive marginal costs for all the products and specifies all decision-making units are profit maximizers. In order to achieve this, the marginal cost is estimated by referring to the nearest point on the best practice cost-efficient frontier for the profit-maximizing firms. We then apply our innovative method to the Chinese real estate industry. The result shows that the Chinese real estate industry has higher market power in the residential commodity housing market than that in the commodity housing market. This is also the case for different geographical areas in China. Overall, for both of these two different markets, the level of market power experiences a level of volatility.
Environment and settlement - A multiproxy record of holocene palaeoenvironmental development from Lake Wonieść, Greater Poland
Authors: Dörfler Walter , Feeser Ingo , Hildebrandt-Radke Iwona , Rzodkiewicz Monika 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis multi-proxy approach combines results of sedimentological, pollen and diatom studies on sediments of Lake Wonieść, Greater Poland. This enables reconstruction of the natural and anthropogenic drivers of past environmental change. Several steps of lake development are recorded, from a eutrophic to an oligotrophic stage, and with increasing human influence back to a hypereutrophic one. Human influence in the form of eutrophication due to arable farming has been the main driver in the changing ecology of the lake in the second half of the Holocene. The record provides a diachronic perspective of regional “boom and bust” phases of greater or lesser human pressure on the landscape. Early evidence of cereal-type pollen indicates human occupation of areas of chernozem soil during the Linearbandkeramik (LBK) Neolithic period from 5250 cal bc onwards. A clear opening of the landscape occurred during the Trichterbecher (Funnel Beaker) period at ca. 3800 cal bc. From this time onwards, the human influence on the lake can be traced by the geochemical and diatom records. Neolithic, Bronze Age, Iron Age and medieval boom and bust phases of settlement intensity are discussed. A comparison with two other high-resolution lake records from Poland (Lakes Gościąż and Szurpiły) show a good agreement of many of the “boom and bust” phases with Lake Gościąż (“boom” at 3500 and 2150 cal bc, “bust” at 3250, 1560 and 1 bc) and a few even with both, Lake Szurpiły and Lake Gościąż (“boom” at bc and “bust” at 500 cal bc and cal ad 400). This is indicative of supra-regional changes in intensity of land use.
The clinical and molecular landscape of congenital myasthenic syndromes in Austria: a nationwide study
Authors: Krenn Martin , Sener Merve , Rath Jakob , Zulehner Gudrun , Keritam Omar , Wagner Matias , Laccone Franco , Iglseder Stephan , Marte Sonja , Baumgartner Manuela , Eisenkölbl Astrid , Liechtenstein Christian , Rudnik Sabine , Quasthoff Stefan , Grinzinger Susanne , Spenger Johannes , Wortmann Saskia B. , Löscher Wolfgang N. , Zimprich Fritz , Kellersmann Anna , Rappold Mika , Bernert Günther , Freilinger Michael , Cetin Hakan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Congenital myasthenic syndromes (CMS) are a heterogeneous group of disorders caused by genetic defects resulting in impaired neuromuscular transmission. Although effective treatments are available, CMS is probably underdiagnosed, and systematic clinico-genetic investigations are warranted.

Methods
We used a nationwide approach to collect Austrian patients with genetically confirmed CMS. We provide a clinical and molecular characterization of this cohort and aimed to ascertain the current frequency of CMS in Austria.

Results
Twenty-eight cases with genetically confirmed CMS were identified, corresponding to an overall prevalence of 3.1 per million (95% CI 2.0–4.3) in Austria. The most frequent genetic etiology was CHRNE (n = 13), accounting for 46.4% of the cohort. Within this subgroup, the variant c.1327del, p.(Glu443Lysfs*64) was detected in nine individuals. Moreover, causative variants were found in DOK7 (n = 4), RAPSN (n = 3), COLQ (n = 2), GMPPB (n = 2), CHAT (n = 1), COL13A1 (n = 1), MUSK (n = 1) and AGRN (n = 1). Clinical onset within the first year of life was reported in one half of the patients. Across all subtypes, the most common symptoms were ptosis (85.7%), lower limb (67.9%), upper limb (60.7%) and facial weakness (60.7%). The majority of patients (96.4%) received specific treatment, including acetylcholinesterase inhibitors in 20, adrenergic agonists in 11 and 3,4-diaminopyridine in nine patients.

Conclusions
Our study presents the first systematic characterization of individuals with CMS in Austria, providing prevalence estimates and genotype–phenotype correlations that may help to improve the diagnostic approach and patient management.
Thermal imaging of increment cores: a new method to estimate sapwood depth in trees
Authors: Gerchow Malkin , Marshall John D. , Kühnhammer Kathrin , Dubbert Maren , Beyer Matthias 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe cells in tree sapwood form a network of interconnected conduits which enables the transport of water and nutrients from the tree roots to the canopy. Sapwood depth must be assessed when tree water use is estimated from sap flow velocities. However, current approaches to assess sapwood depth are either not applicable universally, or require expensive instruments, the application of chemicals or laborious field efforts. Here, we present a new method, which estimates sapwood depth by thermal imaging of increment cores. Using a low-cost thermal camera for mobile devices, we show that the sapwood–heartwood boundary is detectable by a sharp increase in temperature. Estimated sapwood depths agree with dye estimates (R2 = 0.84). We tested our approach on a broad range of temperate and tropical tree species: Quercus robur, Pinus sylvestris, Swietenia macrophylla, Guazuma ulmifolia, Hymenaea courbaril, Sideroxylon capiri and Astronium graveolens. In nearly all species, the methods agreed within 0.6 cm. Thermal imaging of increment cores provides a straightforward, low-cost, easy-to-use, and species-independent tool to identify sapwood depth. It has further potential to reveal radial differences in sapwood conductivity, to improve water balance estimations on larger scales and to quickly develop allometric relationships.
Clinical outcomes and complications after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with bone–patellar tendon–bone in patient Tanner 3 and 4: a systematic review
Authors: Turati Marco , Caliandro Marco , Gaddi Diego , Piatti Massimiliano , Rigamonti Luca , Zanchi Nicolò , Di Benedetto Paolo , Boerci Linda , Catalano Marcello , Zatti Giovanni , Ollivier Matthieu , Bigoni Marco 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Clinical outcomes and potential complications associated with Bone–Patellar Tendon–Bone (BPTB) graft in skeletally immature ACL reconstruction (ACLR) are poorly defined. Considering that in Tanner 1–2 patients this kind of graft is not recommended, we focused our systematic review on the evaluation of all the studies in the literature that reported clinical outcomes and rate of complications of the ACLR using BPTB graft in Tanner 3–4 patients.

Methods
This review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA statement. PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE and Scopus were examined from 1965 to 2020 using different combinations of the following keywords: “ACL reconstruction”, “skeletally immature”, “young”, “patellar tendon” and “BPTB”. The database search yielded 742 studies, on which we performed a primary evaluation. After carrying out a full-text evaluation for the inclusion criteria, 4 studies were included in the final review and assessed using the Newcastle–Ottawa scale. Ninety-six cases with mean age of 14.2 years were reported.

Results
Good stability and functional outcomes were reported with a mean follow-up of 49.5 months. Return to sport rate ranged from 91.7% to 100%. A KT-1000 side-to-side difference higher than 5 mm was observed in five patients (5.2%). No lower limb length discrepancy and angulation were reported. Graft rupture rate was 5.2%.

Conclusion
According to these results, BTPB graft could be a good choice in Tanner 3–4 patients who want to achieve their preinjury sport level with a low risk of growth disturbances and graft failure. Further investigations in a wider population are needed.
Use of a trauma registry to drive improvement in the regional trauma network systems in Hawassa, Ethiopia
Authors: Mengesha Mengistu G. , Vella Clara , Adem Ephrem G. , Bussa Sintayehu , Mebrahtu Lewam , Tigneh Andualem Y. , Martin Claude , Harrison W. J. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Aim
Our aim is to establish and analyse the first year of trauma registry data from Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialised Hospital (HUCSH)—an Ethiopian tertiary referral centre. We plan to identify possible trends in injury patterns, access to health care and referral pathways and establish if our observations are in keeping with data published from other sub-Saharan LMIC’s.

Methods
Prospective data collection using the WHO trauma registry dataset. All trauma patients presenting to HUCSH between November 2019 and November 2020 were included. Military patients were excluded. Dataset: Age, sex, region of residence, mode of transport to hospital, referral centre, time from injury to arrival in HUCSH, arrival triage category, Kampala Trauma Score (KTS), mechanism of injury, injury type, closed/open fracture and 24 h outcomes. Data statistical analysis was performed to calculate frequencies of the above variables.

Results
There were a total of 1919 cases. Fifty-three per cent were caused by road traffic collision and 49% were fracture/dislocations. Public transport was the most common mode to hospital—40%. Seventy-seven per cent of all trauma admissions were referred from other centres, 69% had a mild KTS. A total of 376 patients presented with an open fracture—76% had a low KTS and 67% remained in ED for > 24 h. Sixty-five per cent of ambulances were utilised for mild KTS patients, only 25% of ambulances transported moderate and severe injuries.

Conclusion
We have shown that a ‘one size fits all approach’ should not be adopted for LMIC’s as trends vary between regions and countries. Improvements are needed in ambulance utilisation, the use of appropriate triaging tools to facilitate initial basic trauma care and appropriate, timely referrals and the management of open fractures.