bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Short-term postoperative changes in the choroidal vascularity index in patients with a unilateral epiretinal membrane
Authors: Ruan Kaiming , Zhang Yun , Cheng Dan , Qiao Yilin , Yu Yufeng , Wu Minhui , Zhu Xueying , Tao Jiwei , Shen Meixiao , Shen Lijun 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
To investigate short-term choroidal structural and vascular changes after epiretinal membrane (ERM) surgery
Methods
Sixty-five patients with unilateral ERM underwent pars plana vitrectomy combined with cataract surgery and were examined one day before surgery and one week, one month, and three months after surgery. Choroidal thickness (CT) and choroidal vascular index (CVI) were evaluated using horizontal enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT) scans and were further calculated using semi-automatic algorithms using MATLAB R2017a.
Results
Preoperatively, CVI was higher in eyes with ERM (61.70 ± 5.17%) than in fellow eyes (59.99 ± 5.26%). CVI increased significantly at one week after surgery (62.14 ± 5.02%) and decreased at 1 and 3 months after surgery (60.76 ± 4.97% and 60.4 ± 4.83%, respectively). The change was pronounced in the nasal region (p < 0.001) and central region (p < 0.05). CT in the temporal macula increased at 1 week (239.65 ± 72.98 µm) after surgery and decreased at 1 and 3 months after surgery (222.15 ± 71.91 µm and 222.33 ± 65.72 µm, respectively; p < 0.01).
Conclusions
Short-term postoperative variations in the choroid have been demonstrated in eyes with ERM. This may be related to postoperative inflammation and the release of macular traction. Therefore, CVI assessment using EDI-OCT may be a useful tool for evaluating ERM.
The Share of Genetic and Environmental Factors to Perfectionism: A Classical Twin Study
Authors: Pourkhalili Sepehr , Shal Reza Soltani , Abolghasemi Abbas , Dianatkhah Minoo , Gharipour Mojgan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background and aim: Genetic and environmental factors are both effective in creating different psychological traits. Therefore, in addition to recognizing the environmental factors affecting psychological traits, biological factors such as heritability also need to be studied. Thus, the present study aimed to measure the heritability of perfectionism among MZ and DZ twins.
Methods: 174 MZ and DZ twins participated in this study. This study used Hewitt and Flett Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale to measure perfectionism and its subscales. The method used in this study was the classical univariate twin model.
Results: The results of this study showed that both self-oriented perfectionism (SOP) and socially prescribed perfectionism (SPP) are explained by the CE model. Thus, SOP and SPP are 0.48 and 0.68 under the influence of common environmental factors (C) and 0.52 and 0.32 are under the influence of specific environmental factors (E). It was also found that the other-oriented perfectionism (OOP) is 0.42 under the influence of non-additive genetics (D) and 0.58 under the influence of the E effect. Finally, the effect of additive genetics (A) on total perfectionism was about twice that of the E effect.
Conclusion: Specific and shared environmental factors are effective in SOP and SPP. Total perfectionism is more influenced by genetic factors than environmental factors.
A continuously scanning spatiotemporal averaging method for obtaining volumetric mean flow measurements with stereoscopic PIV
Authors: Zigunov Fernando , Seckin Serdar , Huss Rhylan , Eggart Cameron , Alvi Farrukh 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In this study, a variation of the stacked stereo-scopic PIV technique is proposed to perform fully volumetric (3-dimensions, 3-components) measurements of average flow fields within a single experiment through the usage of an automated traversing system that continuously scans the SPIV light sheet over a linear path. The simultaneous measurement of the traverse location and the laser Q-switch pulse enables the automated assignment of instantaneous PIV fields to known physical coordinates, enabling spatiotemporal averaging in post-processing to obtain volumetric measurements of a flow field. This method provides a trade-off between spatial resolution of the volume measurements and statistical convergence of the spatiotemporal averages, enabling volumetric measurements under challenging experimental conditions where only stereoscopic PIV is viable. A comparison with the more traditional temporal averaging method and planar PIV are presented to demonstrate the capabilities and limitations of this technique in realistic, challenging experimental setups. It is found that the spatiotemporal averaging convergence behavior differs slightly from the traditional temporal averaging for the wake of a bluff body model, however relative errors lower than two standard deviations can still be attained. Thus, this technique presents a viable alternative for rapid 3D reconstruction of averaged flow fields that can provide invaluable insight of various flow topologies.
Implementing Routing Protocol for Energy-Aware Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks for WBAN-based healthcare Systems
Authors: C Venkata Subbaiah , K Govinda 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Most mobile nodes are mobile ad hoc networks (MANET). MANET technology is energy-hungry. Because the network lacks a reliable power source, the mobile nodes are battery-powered. MANETs and body sensor networks have impacted health care (BSNs). In healthcare applications, a BSN must provide more reliable routing. Decreased communication rates and improved healthcare system dependability are needed. They're placed on, inside, or around the patient to track and send medical data to cloud servers. Such networks require QoS and EE. This article provides a reliable and energy-efficient healthcare system routing technique to balance QoS and power consumption. Performance metrics include routing overhead, energy consumption, end-to-end latency, throughput, scalability, and transmission error. According to testing, IBOLSR uses less energy and has a longer lifespan than OLSR, EAOLSR, and BOLSR.
Photodynamic Therapy Changes Tumour Immunogenicity and Promotes Immune-Checkpoint Blockade Response, Especially When Combined with Enhanced Tumour Infiltration by Micromechanical Priming
Authors: Lobo Catarina S. , Mendes Maria Inês P. , Gomes-da-Silva Lígia C. , Arnaut Luis G. , Pereira Diogo A. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) with redaporfin stimulates colon carcinoma (CT26), breast (4T1) and melanoma (B16F10) cells to display high levels of CD80 molecules on their surfaces. CD80 overexpression amplifies immunogenicity because it increases same cell (cis) CD80:PD-L1 interactions, which (i) disrupt binding of T-cells PD-1 inhibitory receptors with their ligands (PD-L1) in tumour cells, and (ii) inhibit CTLA-4 inhibitory receptors binding to CD80 in tumour cells. In some cancer cells, redaporfin-PDT also increases CTLA-4 and PD-L1 expressions and virtuous combinations between PDT and immune-checkpoint blockers (ICB) depend on CD80/PD-L1 or CD80/CTLA-4 tumour overexpression ratios post-PDT. This was confirmed using CTLA-4 + PDT combinations to increased survival of mice bearing CT26 tumours, and to regress lung metastases observed with bioluminescence in mice with orthotopic 4T1 tumours. However, the primary 4T1 responded poorly to treatments. Photoacoustic imaging revealed low infiltration of redaporfin in the tumour. Priming the primary tumour with high-intensity (~ 60 bar) photoacoustic waves generated with nanosecond-pulsed lasers and light-to-pressure transducers improved the response of 4T1 tumours to PDT. Penetration-resistant tumours require a combination of approaches to respond to treatments: tumour priming to facilitate drug infiltration, PDT for a strong local effect and a change in immunogenicity, and immunotherapy for a systemic effect.
Parallel Self Organizing Neural Network (PSONN) Prediction of Water Saturation in Carbonate Reservoirs
Authors: Hamada G. M. , Al-Gathe A A , Al-Huzefei A. M 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Carbonate reservoir rocks are considered heterogeneous and the distribution of reservoir quality in carbonates depends primarily upon how diagenetic processes are modifying the rock microstructure, leading to significant petrophysical heterogeneity and anisotropy. Water saturation determination in carbonate reservoirs is crucial parameter to determine initial reserve of given an oil field. Water saturation determination using electrical measurements is based on Archie’s formula. Consequently, accuracy of Archie’s formula parameters affects seriously water saturation values. Determination of Archie’s parameters (a, m and n) is proceeded by three techniques conventional, CAPE and 3-D. This work introduces the hybrid system of parallel self-organizing neural network (PSONN) targeting an accepted value of Archie’s parameters and consequently reliable water saturation values. This work focuses on calculation of water saturation using Archie’s formula. Different determination techniques of Archie’s parameters such as conventional technique, CAPE technique and 3-D technique have been tested and then water saturation was calculated using Archie’s formula with the calculated parameters (a, m and n). This study introduced parallel self-organizing neural network (PSONN) algorithm predict Archie’s parameters and determination of water saturation. Results have shown that predicted Arche’s parameters (a, m and n) are highly accepted with statistical analysis lower statistical error and higher correlation coefficient than conventional determination techniques. The developed PSONN algorithm used big number of measurement points from core plugs of carbonate reservoir rocks. PSONN algorithm provided reliable water saturation values. We believe that PSONN can be supplement or even replacement of the conventional techniques to determine Archie’s parameters and then water saturation of carbonate reservoirs.
Clues to early diagnosis from clinical data- A clinicopathological analysis of primary malignant tumors of the small bowel
Authors: Nie Xinyang , Liu Dongjie , Li Chuan , Teng Yuxin , Li Zhufeng , Lu Li , Li Weidong , Liu Tong 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Primary malignant tumors of the small bowel (PMTSB) are relatively uncommon in gastrointestinal tumors. It is difficult to make an early diagnosis due to the atypical primary symptoms, special anatomical position and lack of effective diagnostic methods.
Objective
To improve the level of early diagnosis of PMTSB so as to speculate the pathological types and get better prognoses for patients.
Method
Clinicopathologic and follow-up data about 104 surgically treated patients with PMTSB (65 males and 39 females) at the median age of 58.1 years (range 23–85 years) were analyzed.
Result
The most common clinical features of the patients were anemia (73.1%), abdominal pain (62.5%), and weight loss (51.9%). Abdominal enhanced Computed Tomography (CT) had the highest detection rate (95.4%) and diagnosis rate (80%). Gastrointestinal hemorrhage, soft tissue mass on CT, no regional lymph nodes enlargement, and no intestinal obstruction were the independent predictors of diagnosis in GIST. Anemia, intestinal obstruction, without soft tissue mass on CT were the independent predictors of diagnosis in adenocarcinoma. Independent predictors of diagnosis of lymphoma included fever, and regional lymph nodes enlargement on CT.
Conclusion
Anemia, abdominal pain and weight loss were the main clinical manifestations for PMTSB, as CT was the most effective imaging examination. Based on clinical and imaging features, we analyzed several factors which related to diagnose the pathological classification, and expected to give patients the earlier diagnosis and better prognoses.
Transient exposure of rats to rotenone causes delayed, progressive, parkinsonian motor deficits associated with nigrostriatal degeneration, progressive neuroinflammation and synucleinopathy
Authors: Rocha Emily , Laar Amber Van , Webb Katherine , Keeney Matthew , Laar Victor Van , Zharikov Alevtina , Burton Edward , Hastings Teresa , Glajch Kelly , Hirst Warren , Greenamyre J. Timothy 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Individuals with Parkinson’s disease (PD) typically receive a diagnosis once they have developed motor symptoms, at which point there is already significant loss of substantia nigra dopamine neurons, α-synuclein accumulation in surviving neurons, and neuroinflammation. Consequently, the point of clinical presentation may be too late to initiate disease-modifying therapy. In contrast to this clinical reality, animal models often involve acute neurodegeneration and potential therapies are tested concurrently or shortly after the pathogenic insult has begun rather than later when diagnostic clinical symptoms emerge. OBJECTIVE: We sought to develop a model that reflects the clinical situation more accurately.
METHODS: Middle-aged rats (7-9 months-old) received a single daily intraperitoneal injection of rotenone for 5 consecutive days and were observed over the next 8-9 months.
RESULTS: Rotenone-treated rats showed transient motor slowing and postural instability during exposure but recovered within 9 days of rotenone cessation. Rats remained without behavioral deficits for 3-4 months, then developed progressive motor abnormalities over the ensuing months. As motor abnormalities began to emerge 3 months after rotenone exposure, there was significant loss of nigral dopaminergic neurons and significant microglial activation. There was delayed accumulation of α-synuclein in neurons of the substantia nigra and frontal cortex, which was maximal at 9 months post-rotenone.
CONCLUSIONS: A brief, temporally-remote exposure to rotenone causes delayed and progressive behavioral and neuropathological changes similar to Parkinson’s disease. This model mimics the human clinical situation, in which pathogenesis is well-established by the time diagnostic motor deficits appear. As such, this model may provide a more relevant experimental system in which to test disease-modifying therapeutics.
Family interaction, psychological capital, and health risk——How family affect individual’s health outcome
Authors: Wu Zhengyu , Wan Dewen , Gong Wenjuan , Jiang Maomin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Objective
The family is a particular vehicle for everyone's life and development. To better understand the impact of family interactions on an individual's health risk, this study examined family interaction between family relationships, psychological capital, and health risk, providing suggestions for people's health promotion.
Methods
A total of 17543 participants were included in this study, the data obtained came from the China Family Panel Studies' sixth wave (2019 ~ 2020), and the collected data were analyzed using path analysis to test the influence mechanism of family interactions on an individual's health risk.
Result
Family Interaction is significantly negatively correlated with health risk; it indicates that family interaction is a protective factor that influences people's mental and physical health. Family relationships and psychological capital are chain mediators between family interaction and health risk.
Conclusions
Findings highlight the importance of considering family interactions as an entry point for future health promotion for people; our data suggest that policymakers should encourage individuals to maintain health outcomes through positive family interactions.
Factors influencing catastrophic health expenditure of households with people with diabetes in Northwest China-an example from Gansu Province
Authors: Dang Ying , Yang Yinan , Yang Aimin , Cao Shuting , Zhang Jia , Wang Xiao , Lu Jie , Hu Xiaobin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: Diabetes is a chronic non-communicable disease that causes a substantial economic burden on diabetic suffers and their households. The aim of this study was to explore the prevalence, equity, and determinants of catastrophic health expenditure (CHE) among households with people with diabetes in Northwest China.
Methods: A total of 3,000 households were included in the 6th Health services survey in Gansu Province, China of which 270 households with people with diabetes. The equity of CHE was evaluated by concentration curve and concentration index (CI). We adopted the Pareto chart to analyze the main economic intervals of the occurrence of CHE. Finally, we combined the decision tree and logistic model and analyzed the determinants of the occurrence of CHE.
Results: The incidence of CHE at 15%, 25% and 40% were 75.19%, 58.89% and 35.19%, respectively. CHE tended to occur in households with a lower economic level, with the phenomenon being more pronounced at Z=40%. The Pareto chart showed that households in the group with an annual per capita income of 0-740 USD(0-5,000 Chinese Yuan) were most likely to experience CHE. Both decision tree and logistic models suggested that economic level, comorbidities, and small household size were potential risk factors. In addition, the decision tree model also suggested the interaction between the influencing factor of health checks in the past 12 months and the number of chronic diseases.
Conclusions: In summary, Households with peope with diabetes were more likely to incur CHE. It is essential to focus on low- and middle-income households with people with diabetes, strengthen the management of patients with daibetes, and provide timely health interventions to reduce the occurrence of chronic comorbidity and the risk of CHE in households.
Pediatricians' knowledge regarding treating children with red eye disease: a correlational study.
Authors: Mostovoy Dina , Bunin Anna , Eyni Yotam , Natan Merav Ben 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Pediatricians play an important role in the early detection and prompt treatment of ocular disorders in children, including red eye disease. Our aim was to examine the knowledge level of pediatricians regarding treating children with red eye disease, as well as the factors that affect the knowledge level, and the potential implications of a low level of knowledge.
Methods
In this correlational quantitative study, 152 expert pediatricians completed a questionnaire that included questions on knowledge, attitudes, and experience in treating red eye disease.
Results
Respondents’ mean level of knowledge was moderate. Most of the respondents (89.5%) knew that the most likely diagnosis for a child with red eyes and a discharge is viral conjunctivitis and that pain, blurred vision, and a clouded cornea, are symptoms indicative of a more complex systemic problem. In contrast, 78.3% of the pediatricians claimed that the treatment of choice for viral conjunctivitis is a conservative treatment that includes eye flushing and strict hygiene. However, 14.5% (n=22) of the pediatricians were found to subscribe antibiotics. A negative association was found between the pediatrician’s age and years of experience, and level of knowledge concerning treatment of children with red eye. A strong positive association was found between pediatricians’ level of knowledge and their attitudes to performing eye tests. Moreover, a negative association was found between the level of knowledge and the number of cases in which pediatricians prescribed antibiotics for children with red eye.
Conclusions
The research findings indicate that lack of knowledge was more conspicuous among pediatricians with more experience. Knowledge appears to be critical both for readiness to treat red eye and for proper treatment. It is necessary to provide pediatricians with tools for treating eye disorders in children and to refresh their knowledge on red eye, particularly among pediatricians with more years of experience.
Trial registration
N/A
Understanding and explaining the link between Anthroposophy and vaccine hesitancy: A systematic review
Authors: Wees Sibylle Herzig van , Abunnaja Khadija , Mounier-Jack Sandra 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: Anthroposophic communities have gained the attention of public health authorities due to low vaccination uptake. This systematic review aimed to summarize the evidence available on the relationship between anthroposophy and vaccine beliefs. The systematic review addressed aimed to collate evidence documenting outbreaks linked to anthroposophic communities, literature on vaccination coverage in anthroposophic communities and lastly describe literature that summarizes theories and factors influencing vaccine decision making in anthroposophic communities.
Methods: This is a systematic review using following databases: Medline, Web of Science, Psycinfo and CINAHL. Article screening was conducted by two researchers. Data was summarized to address the research questions. For the third research question the qualitative data was analyzed using thematic analysis with the assistance of Nvivo12.0.
Results: There were 12 articles documenting 18 measles outbreaks linked to anthroposophic communities between the years 2000 and 2012. Seven articles describe lower vaccination uptake in anthroposophic communities than in other communities, although one article describes that vaccination uptake in low-income communities with a migrant background have lower coverage than the anthroposophic community they studied. We found eight articles examining factors and theories influencing vaccine decision making in anthroposophic communities. The qualitative analysis revealed four common themes. Firstly, there was a very broad spectrum of vaccine beliefs among the anthroposophic communities. Secondly, there was a consistent narrative about problems or concerns with vaccines, including toxicity, lack of trust in the system. Thirdly, there was a strong notion of the importance of making individual and well-informed choice as opposed to simply following the masses. Lastly, making vaccine choices was highly stigmatized by those outside of the anthroposophic community but also those within the community.
Conclusion: Continued research and monitoring of vaccine beliefs in the anthroposophic community is important particularly in view of current COVID-19 vaccine decision debates. The importance of the Waldorf school and community context in influencing vaccine decision making warrants further investigation.