bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Astegolimab or Efmarodocokin Alfa in Patients With Severe COVID-19 Pneumonia: A Randomized, Phase 2 Trial*
Authors: Waters Michael , McKinnell James A. , Kalil Andre C. , Martin Greg S. , Buchman Timothy G. , Theess Wiebke , Yang Xiaoying , Lekkerkerker Annemarie N. , Staton Tracy , Rosenberger Carrie M. , Pappu Rajita , Wang Yehong , Zhang Wenhui , Brooks Logan , Cheung Dorothy , Galanter Joshua , Chen Hubert , Mohan Divya , Peck Melicent C. ,   for the COVID-astegolimab-interleukin (IL) (COVASTIL) Study Group
Published: December 2022

OBJECTIVES:
Severe cases of COVID-19 pneumonia can lead to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Release of interleukin (IL)-33, an epithelial-derived alarmin, and IL-33/ST2 pathway activation are linked with ARDS development in other viral infections. IL-22, a cytokine that modulates innate immunity through multiple regenerative and protective mechanisms in lung epithelial cells, is reduced in patients with ARDS. This study aimed to evaluate safety and efficacy of astegolimab, a human immunoglobulin G2 monoclonal antibody that selectively inhibits the IL-33 receptor, ST2, or efmarodocokin alfa, a human IL-22 fusion protein that activates IL-22 signaling, for treatment of severe COVID-19 pneumonia.

DESIGN:
Phase 2, double-blind, placebo-controlled study (COVID-astegolimab-IL).

SETTING:
Hospitals.

PATIENTS:
Hospitalized adults with severe COVID-19 pneumonia.

INTERVENTIONS:
Patients were randomized to receive IV astegolimab, efmarodocokin alfa, or placebo, plus standard of care. The primary endpoint was time to recovery, defined as time to a score of 1 or 2 on a 7-category ordinal scale by day 28.

MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:
The study randomized 396 patients. Median time to recovery was 11 days (hazard ratio [HR], 1.01 d; p = 0.93) and 10 days (HR, 1.15 d; p = 0.38) for astegolimab and efmarodocokin alfa, respectively, versus 10 days for placebo. Key secondary endpoints (improved recovery, mortality, or prevention of worsening) showed no treatment benefits. No new safety signals were observed and adverse events were similar across treatment arms. Biomarkers demonstrated that both drugs were pharmacologically active.

CONCLUSIONS:
Treatment with astegolimab or efmarodocokin alfa did not improve time to recovery in patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia.
Evaluation of inverse treatment planning for Gamma Knife radiosurgery using fMRI brain activation maps as organs at risk
Authors: Abramian David , Blystad Ida , Eklund Anders 
Published: December 2022

AbstractStereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) can be an effective primary or adjuvant treatment option for intracranial tumors. However, it carries risks of various radiation toxicities, including radionecrosis and functional deficits. Current SRS inverse planning algorithms allow efficient inclusion of organs at risk (OARs) in the treatment planning process, which will be spared by setting a maximum radiation dose. In this work we propose using activation maps from functional MRI to map the eloquent regions of the brain and define functional OARs. We evaluate the effects of these functional OARs for Elekta Leksell Gamma Knife SRS inverse treatment planning on open data MRI from 5 subjects. Our results show that fMRI-derived functional OARs can effectively be used to reduce the radiation dose incident on the eloquent brain regions, while maintaining acceptable treatment planning metrics on the tumor targets.
Musculoskeletal misdiagnoses in children with brain tumors: A nationwide, multicenter case-control study
Authors: Hallundbæk Laura , Hagstrøm Søren , Mathiasen Rene , Herlin Troels , Hasle Henrik , Weile Kathrine Synne , Amstrup Jesper , Brix Ninna 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACTObjectiveChildhood brain tumors belong to the cancer type with the longest diagnostic delay, the highest health care utilization prior to diagnosis, and the highest burden of long-term sequelae. We aimed to clarify whether prior musculoskeletal diagnoses in childhood brain cancer were misdiagnoses and whether it affected the diagnostic delay.Study designIn this retrospective, chart-reviewed case-control study we compared 28 children with brain tumors and a prior musculoskeletal diagnosis to a sex and age-matched control group of 56 children with brain tumors and no prior musculoskeletal diagnosis. Using the Danish registries, the cases were identified from consecutive cases of childhood brain cancers in Denmark over 23 years (1996-2018).ResultsOf 931 children with brain tumors, 3% (28/931) had a prior musculoskeletal diagnosis, of which 39% (11/28) were misdiagnoses. The misdiagnoses primarily included torticollis-related diagnoses which tended to a longer time interval from first hospital contact until a specialist was involved: 35 days (IQR 6-166 days) compared to 3 days (IQR 1-48 days), p = 0.07. When comparing the 28 children with a prior musculoskeletal diagnosis with a matched control group without a prior musculoskeletal diagnosis, we found no difference in the non-musculoskeletal clinical presentation, the diagnostic time interval, or survival.ConclusionMusculoskeletal misdiagnoses were rare in children with brain tumors and did not affect the diagnostic time interval or survival. The misdiagnoses consisted primarily of torticollis- or otherwise neck-related diagnoses.
Cerebrospinal fluid CXCL13 identifies a subgroup of people living with HIV with prominent intrathecal synthesis, immune activation, and neurocognitive impairment regardless of effective antiretroviral therapy
Authors: Trunfio Mattia , Mighetto Lorenzo , Napoli Laura , Atzori Cristiana , Nigra Marco , Guastamacchia Giulia , Bonora Stefano , Perri Giovanni Di , Calcagno Andrea 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundPlasma C-X-C-motif chemokine ligand-13 (CXCL13) has been linked to disease progression and mortality in people living with HIV (PLWH) and is a candidate target for immune-based strategies for HIV cure. Its role in central nervous system (CNS) of PLWH has not been detailed. We described CSF CXCL13 levels and its potential associations with neurological outcomes.MethodsCross-sectional study enrolling PLWH without confounding for CXCL13 production. Subjects were divided according to CSF HIV-RNA in controllers (<20 cp/mL) and viremics. CSF CXCL13, and biomarkers of blood-brain barrier (BBB) impairment, intrathecal synthesis, and immune activation were measured by commercial immunoturbidimetric and ELISA assays. All subjects underwent neurocognitive assessment. Sensitivity analyses were conducted in subjects with intact BBB only.Results175 subjects were included. Prevalence of detectable CSF CXCL13 was higher in viremics (31.4%) compared to controllers (13.5%; OR 2.9 [1.4-6.3], p=0.006), but median CSF levels did not change (15.8 [8.2-91.0] vs 10.0 [8.1-14.2] pg/mL). In viremics (n=86), CXCL13 associated with higher CSF HIV-RNA, proteins, neopterin, Tourtelotte index, and CSF-to-serum albumin ratio. In controllers (n=89), CXCL13 associated with higher CD4+T-cells count, CD4/CD8 ratio, CSF proteins, neopterin, and several intrathecal synthesis markers. Detection of CSF CXCL13 in controllers increased the likelihood of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (58.3% vs 28.6%, p=0.041) and HIV-related CNS disorders (8.3% vs 0%, p=0.011). Sensitivity analyses confirmed all these findings.ConclusionsCSF CXCL13 identified a subgroup of PLWH presenting increased CNS IgG synthesis, and immune activation. In controllers, CSF CXCL13 associated with increased likelihood of neurocognitive impairment and HIV-related CNS disorders.Graphical abstract
Re-evaluating progression and pathways followingMycobacteria tuberculosisinfection within the spectrum of tuberculosis disease
Authors: Horton Katherine C. , Richards Alexandra S. , Emery Jon C. , Esmail Hanif , Houben Rein M. G. J. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundTraditional understanding of the risk of progression fromMycobacterium tuberculosis(Mtb) infection to tuberculosis (TB) disease overlooks nuance across a spectrum of disease.MethodsWe developed a deterministic model ofMtbinfection and minimal (pathological damage but not infectious), subclinical (infectious but no reported symptoms), and clinical (infectious and symptomatic) TB disease, informed by a rigorous evaluation of data from a systematic review of TB natural history. Using a Bayesian approach, we calibrated the model to data from historical cohorts that followed tuberculin-negative individuals to tuberculin conversion and TB disease, as well as data from cohorts that followed progression and regression between disease states, disease state prevalence ratios, disease duration, and mortality. We estimated incidence, pathways, and ten-year outcomes followingMtbinfection for a simulated cohort.Results90.8% (95% uncertainty interval, UI, 90.2-91.3) of individuals self-cleared within 10 years of infection, while 9.3% (95% UI 8.4-10.0) progressed to TB disease. Of those, 68.1% (95% UI 65.1-71.1) developed infectious disease, and 32.7% (95% UI 29.7-35.7) progressed to clinical disease. While 93% of progression to minimal disease occurred within two years of infection, only 63% and 38% of subclinical and clinical disease, respectively, occurred within this period. Multiple progression pathways from infection were necessary to calibrate the model, and 48.8% (95% UI 45.0-52.6) of those who developed infectious disease undulated between disease states.ConclusionsWe identified highly heterogeneous pathways across disease states afterMtbinfection, highlighting the need for clearly defined disease thresholds to inform more effective prevention and treatment efforts to end TB.
Musculoskeletal Advertising Focuses on Whites and Overlooks Minority Communities
Authors: Rankin Kelsey A. , Oris Robert John , Wijesekera Adithi , Wiznia Daniel H. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIntroductionDemographic disparities in musculoskeletal (MSK) health exist in the US. Racial representation in advertising has been shown to influence buying patterns. By focusing advertising toward majority groups, direct-to-consumer advertising may exacerbate MSK disparities by neglecting underrepresented minorities. To better understand how race is represented across MSK advertisements and how this may influence patterns in MSK health, we reviewed advertisements in popular magazines, using online databases for collection.Methods8 magazine types were chosen. Racial distribution was analyzed using Pearson’s chi-squared and chi-squared goodness of fit tests. Fisher’s exact test was used when >20% of cells had n<5. Significance was set at p<0.05.ResultsOf advertisements that featured a model, white models were overrepresented (p<0.001), and Hispanic and Asian models were underrepresented (p<0.001). Only 7.3% of advertisements featured multiple models of different races or ethnicities, while 92.7% did not. African American models were overrepresented as athletes (p<0.001) and underrepresented in pain relief ads (p<0.001).DiscussionThere is poor representation of minorities in MSK advertisements. Even when controlling for US population demographics, white models were overrepresented, and models of minority races are underrepresented. African American models were typecast as athletes and underrepresented in pain relief ads.
Unsuspected transcriptional regulations during rice defense response revealed by a toolbox of marker genes for rapid and extensive analysis of expression changes upon various environments
Authors: Rémi Pélissier , Andy Brousse , Anjara Ramamonjisoa , Aurélie Ducasse , Elsa Ballini , Morel Jean-Benoit 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSince rice (Oryza sativa) is an important crop and the most advanced model for monocotyledonous species, acceding to its physiological status is important for many fundamental and applied purposes. Although this physiological status can be obtained by measuring the transcriptional regulation of marker genes, the tools to perform such analysis are often too expensive, non flexible or time consuming. Here we manually selected 96 genes considered as biomarkers of important processes taking place in rice leaves based on literature analysis. We monitored their transcriptional regulation under several treatments (disease, phytohormone inoculation, abiotic stress…) using Fluidigm method that allows to perform ~10 000 RT-QPCR reactions in one single run. This technique allowed us to verify a large part of known regulations but also to identify new, unsuspected regulations. Together, our set of genes, coupled to our data analysis protocol with Fluidigm brings a new opportunity to have a fast and reasonably cheap access to the physiological status of rice leaves in a high number of samples.
TBC1D15 potentiates lysosomal regeneration from damaged membranes
Authors: Bhattacharya Anshu , Mukherjee Rukmini , Kuncha Santosh Kumar , Brunstein Melinda , Rathore Rajeshwari , Junek Stephan , Münch Christian , Dikic Ivan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAcute lysosomal membrane damage reduces the cellular population of functional lysosomes. However, these damaged lysosomes have a remarkable recovery potential independent of lysosomal biogenesis and remain unaffected in TFEB/TFE3-depleted cells. We combined proximity labelling based proteomics, biochemistry and high-resolution microscopy to unravel a new lysosomal membrane regeneration pathway which is dependent on ATG8, lysosomal membrane protein LIMP2, the Rab7 GAP TBC1D15, and proteins required for autophagic lysosomal reformation (ALR) including Dynamin2, Kinesin5B and Clathrin. Upon lysosomal damage, LIMP2 act as a lysophagy receptor to bind ATG8, which in turn recruits TBC1D15 to damaged membranes. TBC1D15 hydrolyses Rab7-GTP to segregate the damaged lysosomal mass and provides a scaffold to assemble and stabilize the ALR machinery, potentiating the formation of lysosomal tubules and subsequent Dynamin2-dependent scission. TBC1D15-mediated lysosome regeneration was also observed in a cell culture model of oxalate nephropathy.
Structural connectome architecture shapes the maturation of cortical morphology from childhood to adolescence
Authors: Liang Xinyuan , Sun Lianglong , Liao Xuhong , Lei Tianyuan , Xia Mingrui , Duan Dingna , Zeng Zilong , Li Qiongling , Xu Zhilei , Men Weiwei , Wang Yanpei , Tan Shuping , Gao Jia-Hong , Qin Shaozheng , Tao Sha , Dong Qi , Zhao Tengda , He Yong 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCortical thinning is an important hallmark of the maturation of brain morphology during childhood and adolescence. However, the connectome-based wiring mechanism that underlies cortical maturation remains unclear. Using neuroimaging, connectome, transcriptome, and computational modeling, we mapped cortical thinning patterns primarily located in lateral frontal and parietal heteromodal nodes during childhood and adolescence, which is structurally constrained by white matter network architecture and is particularly represented using a network-based diffusion model. Furthermore, connectome-based constraints are regionally heterogeneous, with the largest constraints residing in frontoparietal nodes, and are associated with gene expression signatures of microstructural neurodevelopmental events. These results are highly reproducible while using another independent dataset. Our findings advance our understanding of network-level mechanisms and the associated genetic basis that underlies the maturational process of cortical morphology during childhood and adolescence.
The impact of potassium permanganate (KMnO4) treatment on the tensile strength of pineapple leaf fiber reinforced with tapioca-based bio resin
Authors: Ezeamaku Uchenna Luvia , Ezekannagha Chinyere , Eze Ochiagha I. , Odimegwu Nkiru , Nwakaudu Angela , Okafor Amarachukwu , Ekuma Innocent , Onukwuli Okechukwu Dominic 
Published: December 2022

PurposeThe impact of potassium permanganate (KMnO4) treatment on the tensile strength of an alkali-treated pineapple leaf fiber (PALF) reinforced with tapioca-based bio resin (cassava starch) was studied.Design/methodology/approachThe PALF was exposed to sodium hydroxide (NaOH) treatment in varying concentrations of 2.0, 3.7, 4.5 and 5.5g prior to the fiber treatment with KMnO4. The treated and untreated PALFs were reinforced with tapioca-based bio resin. Subsequently, they were subjected to Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and tensile test analysis.FindingsThe FTIR analysis of untreated PALF revealed the presence of O-H stretch, N-H stretch, C=O stretch, C=O stretch and H-C-H bond. The tensile test result confirmed the highest tensile strength of 35N from fiber that was reinforced with 32.5g of cassava starch and treated with 1.1g of KMnO4. In comparison, the lowest tensile strength of 15N was recorded for fiber reinforced with 32.5g of cassava starch without KMnO4 treatment.Originality/valueBased on the results, it could be deduced that despite the enhancement of bioresin (cassava starch) towards strength-impacting on the fibers, KMnO4 treatment on PALF is very vital for improved tensile strength of the fiber when compared to untreated fibers. Hence, KMnO4 treatment on alkali-treated natural fibers preceding reinforcement is imperative for bio-based fibers.
Reflection on future directions: a systematic review of reported limitations and solutions in interactive information retrieval user studies
Authors: Jiang Tianji , Liu Jiqun 
Published: December 2022

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to understand how users behave and evaluate how systems with users are essential for interactive information retrieval (IIR) research. User study methodology serves as a primary approach to answering IIR research questions. In addition to designing user study procedures, understanding the limitations of varying study designs and discussing solutions to the limitations is also critical for improving the methods and advancing the knowledge in IIR.Design/methodology/approachGiven this unresolved gap, we apply the faceted framework developed by Liu and Shah (2019) in systematically reviewing 131 IIR user studies recently published (2016–2021) on multiple IR and information science venues.FindingsOur study achieve three goals: (1) extracting and synthesizing the reported limitations on multiple aspects of user study (e.g. recruitment, tasks, study procedures, system interfaces, data analysis methods) under associated facets; (2) summarizing the reported solutions to the limitations; (3) clarifying the connections between types of limitations and types of solutions.Practical implicationsThe bibliography of user studies can be used by students and junior researchers who are new to user-centered IR studies as references for study design. Our results can facilitate the reflection and improvement on IR research methodology and serve as a checklist for evaluating customized IIR user studies in varying problem spaces.Originality/valueTo our knowledge, this work is the first study that systematically reviews the study limitations and solutions reported by IIR researchers in articles and empirically examines their connections to different study components.
Data mining topics in the discipline of library and information science: analysis of influential terms and Dirichlet multinomial regression topic model
Authors: You Sukjin , Joo Soohyung , Katsurai Marie 
Published: December 2022

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to explore to which extent data mining research would be associated with the library and information science (LIS) discipline. This study aims to identify data mining related subject terms and topics in representative LIS scholarly publications.Design/methodology/approachA large set of bibliographic records over 38,000 was collected from a scholarly database representing the fields of LIS and the data mining, respectively. A multitude of text mining techniques were applied to investigate prevailing subject terms and research topics, such as influential term analysis and Dirichlet multinomial regression topic modeling.FindingsThe findings of this study revealed the relationship between the LIS and data mining research domains. Various data mining method terms were observed in recent LIS publications, such as machine learning, artificial intelligence and neural networks. The topic modeling result identified prevailing data mining related research topics in LIS, such as machine learning, deep learning, big data and among others. In addition, this study investigated the trends of popular topics in LIS over time in the recent decade.Originality/valueThis investigation is one of a few studies that empirically investigated the relationships between the LIS and data mining research domains. Multiple text mining techniques were employed to delineate to which extent the two research domains would be associated with each other based on both at the term-level and topic-level analysis. Methodologically, the study identified influential terms in each domain using multiple feature selection indices. In addition, Dirichlet multinomial regression was applied to explore LIS topics in relation to data mining.
Beyond all boundaries: women empowerment and the Russian sportswear market
Authors: Muravsky Daniel , Muravskaia Snezhana , Akkalaeva Diana , Shkaruba Sofia 
Published: December 2022

Learning outcomes
The case demonstrated the importance of cultural peculiarities and mechanisms of customer learning in localizing global marketing campaigns. It introduced the consequences of unexpected spillover of viral marketing and PR scandals on the competition. It helps in developing the students’ ability to determine and assess the impact of viral marketing campaigns from the perspectives of various stakeholders of the organization.

Case overview/synopsis
In 2017, Nike Russia created one of the most successful and influential ad campaigns in the Russian women's sportswear market by encouraging young girls to try new sports. At the same time, Reebok launched a successful worldwide “be more human” campaign aimed at empowering women all around the globe. Two years later, Reebok Russia tried to localize the successful campaign while adjusting the message to be more assertive. As a result, the company met a country-wide outrage from both feminists and anti-feminists. The case centers around Nikolay Borisov, the CEO of Nike Russia, who was unexpectedly drawn into a provocative public discussion on the use of the female empowerment agenda for cause-related marketing. The case dilemma was set during mid-February 2019 and involved Borisov’s assessment of the impact of the competitor’s viral campaign on the market and choice of a reaction strategy to public outrage.

Complexity academic level
This case is appropriate for an undergraduate or graduate-level program curriculum for courses dedicated to or including topics related to positioning, doing business in emerging markets, corporate social responsibility and consumer behavior. Before engaging with the case, the students should be aware of basic management and economics-related concepts and terms, such as strategy, positioning, CSR and viral marketing.

Supplementary materials
Teaching notes are available for educators only.

Subject code
CSS 8: Marketing.