bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thin film flow and heat transfer of Cu-nanofluids with slip and convective boundary condition over a stretching sheet
Authors: Shahzad Azeem , Liaqat Fakhira , Ellahi Zaffer , Sohail Muhammad , Ayub Muhammad , Ali Mohamed R. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe flow and heat transfer in thin film of Cu-nanofluid over a stretching sheet by considering different shape factors (platelets, blades, bricks, sphere and cylinder) along with slip and convective boundary conditions is investigated. The governing partial differential equations are converted to nonlinear ordinary differential equations by means of suitable similarity transformation and then solved by using BVP4C in MATLAB. The physical significance of various parameters on velocity and temperature profiles are investigated and provided in the form of table and also presented graphically. It is noted that the Platelet-shaped nanoparticles has the highest heat transfer rate as compare to other particle’s shapes.
How people with disabilities influence crowd dynamics of pedestrian movement through bottlenecks
Authors: Geoerg Paul , Schumann Jette , Boltes Maik , Kinateder Max 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDespite considerable research efforts, most controlled empirical studies on crowd movement usually rely on homogeneous crowds, i.e., research participants are typically young adults without disabilities. Consequently, relatively little is known about pedestrian movement in more diverse and heterogeneous crowd conditions, e.g., when persons with reduced mobility are present. This gap may be particularly relevant at bottlenecks, along the path of a moving crowd, that limit the capacity of pedestrian flow. Here, we present results from 12 studies in which participants (total N = 252) with and without visible disabilities moved together in a crowd. In each study, groups of participants walked together in a hallway with a bottleneck at the end. The point of speed adoption, distances between neighbours, and behavioural activities were analysed. We found (1) that participants with disabilities reduced their speed further away from the bottleneck than participants without disabilities; (2) participants without disabilities stayed closer to neighbors with disabilities than to neighbors without disabilities; and (3) participants interacted and communicated with each other to organise in front of the bottleneck. These results underline the importance of studying representative and heterogeneous samples in crowd dynamics. We also argue that more interdisciplinary research is needed to better understand the dynamics of interactions between neighbors in a crowd. A more nuanced understanding of pedestrian dynamics holds the promise of improving the validity of simulation tools such as movement and evacuation models.
Low muscle mass, low muscle function, and sarcopenia in the urban and rural elderly
Authors: Moon Sung Woo , Kim Kwang-Joon , Lee Han Sung , Yun Young Mi , Kim Jong-Eun , Chun You Jin , Kim Chang Oh 
Published: August 2022

AbstractHealth outcomes of the elderly vary between rural and urban areas. Sarcopenia is diagnosed as loss of muscle strength or impaired physical performance, namely “low muscle function” and low muscle mass. Outcomes of low muscle mass and low muscle function are not equal. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of low muscle mass, low muscle function, and sarcopenia in rural and urban populations and to determine whether regional differences were associated with each of these components. Participants aged ≥ 69 years (n = 2354) were recruited from three urban districts and one rural district in Korea. Low muscle mass was defined by appendicular lean mass using bioelectrical impedance analysis. Low muscle function was defined by handgrip strength and 5-chair stand test. Sarcopenia was defined as low muscle mass plus low muscle function. The prevalence of low muscle function (53.7% vs. 72.8%), and sarcopenia (16.3% vs. 24.4%) were higher in the rural elderly population. Rural residence was associated with low muscle function (OR 1.63; 95% CI 1.13–2.37, P = 0.009), but not with low muscle mass (OR 0.58; 95% CI 0.22–1.54, P = 0.271) or with sarcopenia (OR 1.13; 95% CI 0.63–2.00, P = 0.683). Interventions to detect and improve low muscle function in rural elderly population are needed.
A novel differentiated HuH-7 cell model to examine bile acid metabolism, transport and cholestatic hepatotoxicity
Authors: Saran Chitra , Fu Dong , Ho Henry , Klein Abigail , Fallon John K. , Honkakoski Paavo , Brouwer Kim L. R. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractHepatic cell lines serve as economical and reproducible alternatives for primary human hepatocytes. However, the utility of hepatic cell lines to examine bile acid homeostasis and cholestatic toxicity is limited due to abnormal expression and function of bile acid-metabolizing enzymes, transporters, and the absence of canalicular formation. We discovered that culturing HuH-7 human hepatoma cells with dexamethasone (DEX) and 0.5% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) for two weeks, with Matrigel overlay after one week, resulted in a shorter and improved differentiation process. These culture conditions increased the expression and function of the major bile acid uptake and efflux transporters, sodium taurocholate co-transporting polypeptide (NTCP) and the bile salt export pump (BSEP), respectively, in two-week cultures of HuH-7 cells. This in vitro model was further characterized for expression and function of bile acid-metabolizing enzymes, transporters, and cellular bile acids. Differentiated HuH-7 cells displayed a marked shift in bile acid composition and induction of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 7A1, CYP8B1, CYP3A4, and bile acid-CoA: amino acid N-acyltransferase (BAAT) mRNAs compared to control. Inhibition of taurocholate uptake and excretion after a 24-h treatment with prototypical cholestatic drugs suggests that differentiated HuH-7 cells are a suitable model to examine cholestatic hepatotoxicity.
RSPO3 is a novel contraction-inducible factor identified in an “in vitro exercise model” using primary human myotubes
Authors: Takahashi Tadahisa , Li Yuqing , Chen Weijian , Nyasha Mazvita R. , Ogawa Kazumi , Suzuki Kazuaki , Koide Masashi , Hagiwara Yoshihiro , Itoi Eiji , Aizawa Toshimi , Tsuchiya Masahiro , Suzuki Naoki , Aoki Masashi , Kanzaki Makoto 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe physiological significance of skeletal muscle as a secretory organ is now well known but we can only speculate as to the existence of as-yet-unidentified myokines, especially those upregulated in response to muscle contractile activity. We first attempted to establish an “insert-chamber based in vitro exercise model” allowing the miniature but high cell-density culture state enabling highly developed contractile human myotubes to be readily obtained by applying electric pulse stimulation (EPS). By employing this in vitro exercise model, we identified R-spondin 3 (RSPO3) as a novel contraction-inducible myokine produced by cultured human myotubes. Contraction-dependent muscular RSPO3 mRNA upregulation was confirmed in skeletal muscles of mice subjected to sciatic nerve mediated in situ contraction as well as those of mice after 2 h of running. Pharmacological in vitro experiments demonstrated a relatively high concentration of metformin (millimolar range) to suppress the contraction-inducible mRNA upregulation of human myokines including RSPO3, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8 and CXCL1. Our data also suggest human RSPO3 to be a paracrine factor that may positively participate in the myogenesis processes of myoblasts and satellite cells. Thus, the “insert chamber-based in vitro exercise model” is a potentially valuable research tool for investigating contraction-inducible biological responses of human myotubes usually exhibiting poorer contractility development even in the setting of EPS treatment.
Survival comparison between postoperative and preoperative radiotherapy for stage I–III non-inflammatory breast cancer
Authors: Zhang Yuxi , Xu Zhipeng , Chen Hui , Sun Xinchen , Zhang Zhaoyue 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTo compare the survival benefit between preoperative and postoperative radiotherapy for stage I–III non-inflammatory breast cancer patients, we conducted a retrospective cohort study using surveillance, epidemiology and end results databases. Our study recruited patients who had been diagnosed with stage I–III breast cancer and underwent surgery and radiotherapy. The overall survival was calculated by Kaplan–Meier method. Cox risk model was used to determine the impact of radiotherapy according to stage, molecular subtype and other risk factors. Propensity score matching was used to balance measurable confounding factors. Of all the 411,279 enrolled patients varying from 1975 to 2016, 1712 patients received preoperative radiotherapy, and 409,567 patients received postoperative radiotherapy. Compared with the postoperative radiotherapy group, the preoperative radiotherapy group showed significantly higher risks of overall mortality and breast cancer-specific mortality. Survival differences in treatment sequences were correlated with stage, molecular subtypes and other risk factors. According to the results of this study, preoperative radiotherapy did not show a survival advantage, and postoperative radiotherapy is still the primary treatment. However, preoperative radiotherapy also has some theoretical advantages, such as phase reduction and recurrence reduction. Therefore, it is still worthy of further exploration.
Cardiac safety analysis of anti-HER2-targeted therapy in early breast cancer
Authors: Zhang Li , Wang Yan , Meng Wenjing , Zhao Weipeng , Tong Zhongsheng 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTo evaluate the cardiac safety of anti-HER2-targeted therapy for early breast cancer; to investigate whether trastuzumab combined with pertuzumab increases cardiac toxicity compared with trastuzumab; to evaluate the predictive value of high-sensitivity Troponin (hs-TnI) and QTc for the cardiotoxicity associated with anti-HER2 targeted therapy in early breast cancer. A total of 420 patients with early-stage HER2-positive breast cancer who received trastuzumab or trastuzumab combined with pertuzumab for more than half a year in Tianjin Medical University Cancer Hospital from January 2018 to February 2021 were included. Left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF), hs-TnI values, and QTc were measured at baseline and 3, 6, 9, 12 months. Cardiotoxicity was defined as a decrease in LVEF of at least 10 percentage points from baseline on follow-up echocardiography. Cardiotoxicity developed in 67 of the 420 patients (15.9%) and all patients had LVEF above 50% before and after treatment. The incidence of cardiotoxicity in trastuzumab and trastuzumab combined with pertuzumab was 14.3% and 17.9%, respectively (P > 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that age, coronary heart disease, left chest wall radiotherapy, and anthracyclines sequential therapy were independent risk factors for cardiotoxicity (P < 0.05). The value of hs-TnI and QTc at the end of treatment (12th month) were selected for ROC curve prediction analysis and the area under the ROC curve was 0.724 and 0.713, respectively, which was significantly different from the area of 0.5 (P < 0.05). The decrease of LVEF in the study was mostly asymptomatic, from the heart safety point of view, the anti-HER2 targeted therapy for early breast cancer was well tolerated. Trastuzumab combined with pertuzumab did not significantly increase cardiotoxicity. However, subgroup analysis suggests that in the presence of coronary artery disease (CAD) and sequential treatment with anthracene, trastuzumab and pertuzumab may increase the cardiac burden compared with trastuzumab. Hs-TnI and QTc may be useful in monitoring and predicting cardiotoxicity associated with anti-HER2 targeted therapy for early breast cancer.
Consumption of soft drinks rich in phosphoric acid versus struvite crystallization from artificial urine
Authors: Skubisz Mikołaj , Torzewska Agnieszka , Mielniczek-Brzóska Ewa , Prywer Jolanta 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn recent years, there has been a continuous increase in the incidence of urolithiasis, especially in highly developed countries. Therefore, the question arises which factors specific to these countries may be responsible for the increase in the incidence of this disease. In this article, we try to assess the effect of phosphoric acid, a component of various carbonated drinks, including Coca-Cola, on the nucleation and growth of struvite crystals, which are the main component of infectious urinary stones. The research was carried out in the environment of artificial urine with and without the presence of Proteus mirabilis bacteria. In the latter case, the activity of bacterial urease was simulated by adding an aqueous ammonia solution. The obtained results indicate that phosphoric acid present in artificial urine causes the nucleation of struvite to shift towards a lower pH, which means that struvite nucleates earlier in artificial urine compared to the control test. The amount of struvite formed is the greater the higher the concentration of phosphoric acid. At the same time, as the concentration of phosphoric acid increases, the growing struvite crystals are larger, which is disadvantageous because they are more difficult to remove from the urinary tract along with the urine. For the highest levels of phosphoric acid tested, large dendrites are formed, which are particularly undesirable as they can damage the epithelium of the urinary tract. The effect of phosphoric acid on the nucleation and growth of struvite is explained in base of chemical speciation analysis. This analysis indicates that the MgHCit and MgCit− complexes have the main influence on the nucleation and growth of struvite in artificial urine in the presence of phosphoric acid. It should be keep in mind that all these effects of phosphoric acid are possible when the urinary tract is infected with urease-positive bacteria. In the absence of infection, phosphoric acid will not cause struvite to crystallize.
Development and evaluation of the HRSD-D, an image-based digital measure of the Hamilton rating scale for depression
Authors: Berko Adi , Bar-Sella Avigail , Fisher Hadar , Sobolev Michael , Pollak J. P. , Zilcha-Mano Sigal 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe Hamilton rating scale for depression (HRSD) is considered the gold standard for the assessment of major depressive disorder. Nevertheless, it has drawbacks such as reliance on retrospective reports and a relatively long administration time. Using a combination of an experience sampling method with mobile health technology, the present study aimed at developing and conducting initial validation of HRSD-D, the first digital image-based assessment of the HRSD. Fifty-three well-trained HRSD interviewers selected the most representative image for each item from an initial sample of images. Based on their responses, we developed the prototype of HRSD-D in two versions: trait-like (HRSD-DT) and state-like (HRSD-DS). HRSD-DT collects one-time reports on general tendencies to experience depressive symptoms; HRSD-DS collects daily reports on the experience of symptoms. Using a total of 1933 responses collected in a preclinical sample (N = 86), we evaluated the validity and feasibility of HRSD-D, based on participant reports of HRSD-DT at baseline, and 28 consecutive daily reports of HRSD-DS, using smartphone devices. HRSD-D showed good convergent validity with respect to the original HRSD, as evident in high correlations between HRSD-DS and HRSD (up to Bstd = 0.80). Our combined qualitative and quantitative analyses indicate that HRSD-D captured both dynamic and stable features of symptomatology, in a user-friendly monitoring process. HRSD-D is a promising tool for the assessment of trait and state depression and contributes to the use of mobile technologies in mental health research and practice.
Fine-scale movement of northern Gulf of Mexico red snapper and gray triggerfish estimated with three-dimensional acoustic telemetry
Authors: Bohaboy Erin C. , Cass-Calay Shannon L. , Patterson William F. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractRed snapper and gray triggerfish are ecologically, economically, and culturally important reef fishes in the northern Gulf of Mexico (nGOM). Scientists and managers have sought to understand the effects of artificial reefs on reef fish ecology by focusing on fish residency and movement at artificial reefs with less attention paid to broader spatial and temporal patterns in reef fish movements among a seascape of artificial reefs and other natural habitats. We used novel large-scale (> 15 km2) geopositioning acoustic telemetry arrays to track the 3-dimensional movements of tagged red snapper (n = 59) and gray triggerfish (n = 15) among multiple nGOM artificial reefs up to 333 days. Tagged fish moved frequently among artificial reefs and had shorter residence times at the release reef (43 days for red snapper and 3 days for gray triggerfish) than reported in previous studies. Both species displayed high individual variability in movement dynamics, as well as seasonally variable diel patterns of habitat use, height above bottom, and distance to reefs, which may have been driven by dynamic influences of predation risk, physiological constraints, or foraging over time and space. The wider seascape view revealed in this study demonstrates the importance of including multiple artificial reefs over long timescales to capture individual, spatial, and temporal variability in reef fish movement.
Salinity indicators in sediment through the fluvial-to-marine transition (Fraser River, Canada)
Authors: Dashtgard Shahin E. , Wang Aihua , Pospelova Vera , Wang Pei-Ling , La Croix Andrew , Ayranci Korhan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMany sediment attributes have been proposed as proxies for determining salinity conditions under which sediment is deposited, and six attributes (Sr/Ba-HAc, Sr/Ba-NH4Ac, δ13Corg, C/N, and the relative abundances and concentrations of dinoflagellate cysts) are compared here. In this paper, sediment attributes from the Fraser River Delta, Canada and surrounding coastal areas are compared by depositional position along the fluvial-to-marine transition, by salinity, and by sedimentological characteristics. Along the fluvial-to-marine transition, most attributes exhibit distinct trends between parts of the river that experiencesustainedmarine water (saltwater) influence over seasonal and tidal timeframes, and parts that experience only freshwater or periodic saltwater influence. No attributes are reliable indicators of depositional position where saltwater incursion is short lived or where water is fresh. Where marine influence is sustained, Sr/Ba-HAc and Sr/Ba-NH4Ac are the most reliable positional indicators along the fluvial-to-marine transition. When compared strictly to salinity, Sr/Ba-HAc, Sr/Ba-NH4Ac, and δ13Corgall correlate predictably except in delta front and prodelta settings. Our data show that all six sediment attributes are heavily impacted by river-derived sedimentation, and it is not appropriate to compare values from strongly river-influenced settings (e.g., deltas) with those from weakly river-influenced settings (e.g., bays and estuaries).
A compact and wideband MIMO antenna for high-data-rate biomedical ingestible capsules
Authors: Alazemi Abdullah J. , Iqbal Amjad 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDue to recent advancements in complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) cameras, transferring high resolution images and videos are possible in wireless capsule endoscopy. High-data-rates communication is required for such data, which is possible using multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) antennas. In this paper, a low-sized, compact, high-data-rate, highly isolated two-element MIMO antenna with a large bandwidth has been proposed at 2.45 GHz for wireless capsule endoscopy. The geometry of the antenna ($$5\times 4.2 \times 0.12\,\hbox {mm}^{3}$$

5
×
4.2
×
0.12

mm
3

) is kept small using meandered geometry, defected ground structure, and high permittivity of the substrate. A wider bandwidth of 620 MHz (2.15–2.77 GHz) is achieved by exciting dual-modes of the antenna using defected ground structure. Furthermore, a lower mutual coupling between the antennas (30.1 dB at 2.45 GHz) is realized, despite the small edge-to-edge gap of 0.5 mm, using combination of defected ground structure and I-shaped stub. Keeping in mind of system level configuration, this antenna is simulated and measured inside a capsule device by considering effects of the other components and the device itself. The practical measurements are performed by inserting the capsule device (containing the MIMO antenna) inside minced meat. To check the safety and effectiveness of the proposed MIMO antenna, it’s specific absorption rate (SAR) and link budget are calculated and validated. In addition, the $$2\times 2$$

2
×
2

channel specifications are verified which shows satisfactory performance. This antenna has high channel capacity ($$\approx 8.2 \,\hbox {bps/Hz}$$

≈
8.2

bps/Hz

at $$\hbox {SNR} = 20 \,\hbox {dB}$$

SNR
=
20

dB

) than single-input-single-output (SISO) antennas, thus, is a suitable choice for high-data-rate capsule endoscopic devices. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first implantable MIMO antenna reported so far with such lower dimension and wider bandwidth.
The impact of H/D exchange on the thermal and structural properties as well as high-pressure relaxation dynamics of melatonin
Authors: Jesionek Paulina , Hachuła Barbara , Heczko Dawid , Jurkiewicz Karolina , Tarnacka Magdalena , Zubko Maciej , Paluch Marian , Kamiński Kamil , Kamińska Ewa 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn this paper, thermal properties, atomic-scale structure, and molecular dynamics (at ambient and high pressure) of native melatonin (MLT) and its partially-deuterated derivative (MLT-d2) have been investigated. Based on infrared spectroscopy, it was shown that treating MLT with D2O causes the replacement of hydrogen atoms attached to the nitrogen by deuterium. The degree of such substitution was very high (> 99%) and the deuterated sample remained stable after exposure to the air as well as during the melting and vitrification processes. Further calorimetric studies revealed the appearance of a peculiar thermal event before the melting of crystalline MLT-d2, which was assigned by the X-ray diffraction to a local negative thermal expansion of the unit cell. Finally, the high-pressure dielectric experiments indicated a few interesting findings, including the variation in the shape of the structural relaxation peak during compression, the difference in the pressure evolution of the glass transition temperature, and the temperature dependence of activation volume for both MLT species. The variations in these parameters manifest a different impact of the compression/densification on the dynamics of hydrogen and deuterium bonds in the native and partially-deuterated MLT, respectively.