bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interactions among sustainable development goal 15 (life on land) and other sustainable development goals: Knowledge for identifying global conservation actions
Authors: Huan Yizhong , Zhu Xufeng 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSustainable development goals (SDGs) and their targets were designed to be interlinked. Understanding the interactions among SDGs is crucial to prioritize and implement actions that maximize synergies between SDGs while minimizing trade‐offs, which can accelerate the overall progress toward all SDGs. Since the 2021 United Nations Climate Change Conference reaffirmed the importance of SDG 15 (life on land), defining conservation actions for implementing SDG 15 in the context of considering the interactions between SDGs is urgently required. However, to the best of our knowledge, no study has analyzed specifically the interactions between all targets of SDG 15 and other SDG targets. Through in‐depth review of relevant literature from the past 6 years, we collected and synthesized data about the interactions between SDG 15 and other SDGs at the target level. On the basis of the targets' interactions network composed by this dataset, we further identified the centralities, similarities, and systemic roles of each target of SDG 15 in the network; and their prospective roles in actions toward SDG progress. Then, we assessed quantitatively the interactions on the basis of global time‐series data. After cross‐checking all results, we identified prioritizations of the SDG 15 targets, and global priority conservation actions needed for the policy making and research community.
Standard versus uniform binary search and their variants in learned static indexing: The case of the searching on sorted data benchmarking software platform
Authors: Amato Domenico , Lo Bosco Giosué , Giancarlo Raffaele 
Published: September 2022

AbstractLearned Indexes use a model to restrict the search of a sorted table to a smaller interval. Typically, a final binary search is done using the lower_bound routine of the Standard C++ library. Recent studies have shown that on current processors other search approaches (such as k‐ary search) can be more efficient in some applications. Using the SOSD learned indexing benchmarking software, we extend these results to show that k‐ary search is indeed a better choice when using learned indexes. We highlight how such a choice may be dependent on the computer architecture used, for example, Intel I7 or Apple M1, and provide guidelines for the selection of the Search routine within the learned indexing framework.
How local stakeholder stereotypes impact liability of foreignness and asset of foreignness
Authors: (Abi) Ige Abiodun , Washington Marvin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWhile it is well known that there are liabilities of foreignness (LOFs) that impact firms as they enter foreign markets, it is less well known how stereotypes held by local stakeholders impact LOFs of foreign firms. Recent research has demonstrated that foreignness can offer benefits, or assets of foreignness (AOFs), for firms as they enter foreign markets. While research is growing in this area, there remains a gap in our understanding of how local stakeholders evaluate foreign firms. We leverage the stereotype content model, which measures dimensions of warmth and competence, to demonstrate that a foreign firm can enjoy an AOF, suffer from a LOF, or contend with both, depending on stereotypes held by local stakeholders. We associate four different combinations of warmth and competence stereotypes with AOFs and LOFs to reveal that the strategies of foreign firms for managing foreignness should attend to stereotypes held by local stakeholders. Finally, we propose several strategies that foreign firms can employ as they manage unfavorable stereotypes.
Diversity and determinants of bitterness, astringency, and fat content in cultivated Nacional and native Amazonian cocoa accessions from Ecuador
Authors: Colonges Kelly , Seguine Edward , Saltos Alejandra , Davrieux Fabrice , Minier Jérôme , Jimenez Juan‐Carlos , Lahon Marie‐Christine , Calderon Darío , Subia Cristian , Sotomayor Ignacio , Fernández Fabián , Fouet Olivier , Rhoné Bénédicte , Argout Xavier , Lebrun Marc , Costet Pierre , Lanaud Claire , Boulanger Renaud , Loor Solorzano Rey Gastón 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) is the only tree that can produce cocoa. Cocoa beans are highly sought after by chocolate makers to produce chocolate. Cocoa can be fine aromatic, characterized by floral and fruity notes, or it can be described as standard cocoa with a more pronounced cocoa aroma and bitterness. In this study, the genetic and biochemical determinants of sensorial notes and nonvolatile compounds related to bitterness, astringency, fat content, and protein content will be investigated in two populations: a cultivated modern Nacional population and a population of cocoa accessions collected recently in the Ecuadorian South Amazonia area of origin of the Nacional ancestral variety. For this purpose, a genome‐wide association study (GWAS) was carried out on both populations, with results of biochemical compounds evaluated by near‐infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) assays and with sensory evaluations. Twenty areas of associations were detected for sensorial data especially bitterness and astringency. Fifty‐three areas of associations were detected linked to nonvolatile compounds. A total of 81 candidate genes could be identified in the areas of the association.
Liver and spleen volumes are associated with prognosis of compensated and decompensated cirrhosis and parallel its natural history
Authors: Romero‐Cristóbal Mario , Clemente‐Sánchez Ana , Peligros María‐Isabel , Ramón Enrique , Matilla Ana‐María , Colón Arturo , Alonso Sonia , Catalina María‐Vega , Fernández‐Yunquera Ainhoa , Caballero Aranzazu , García Rita , López‐Baena Jose Ángel , Salcedo María‐Magdalena , Bañares Rafael , Rincón Diego 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveCirrhosis is characterized by the complex interplay among biological, histological and haemodynamic events. Liver and spleen remodelling occur throughout its natural history, but the prognostic role of these volumetric changes is unclear. We evaluated the relationship between volumetric changes assessed by multidetector computerised tomography (MDCT) and landmark features of cirrhosis.MethodsWe included consecutive cirrhotic patients who underwent liver transplantation (LT) or hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) resection in whom dynamic MDCT was available. Different volumetric indices were calculated. Fibrosis was evaluated by the collagen proportional area and Laennec sub‐stages. Correlation and logistic regression analysis were performed to explore associations of volumetric indexes and fibrosis with key prognostic features across the clinical stages of cirrhosis.Results185 patients were included (146 LT; 39 HCC); the predominant aetiology was viral hepatitis (51.35%); 65.9% had decompensated disease and 85.08% clinically significant portal hypertension (CSPH). The standardised liver volume and liver‐spleen volume ratio negatively correlated with Model for End‐stage Liver Disease (MELD), albumin and hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) and were significantly lower in decompensated patients. The liver segmental volume ratio (segments I–III/segments IV–VIII) best captured the characteristic features of the compensated phase, showing a positive correlation with HVPG and a good discrimination between patients with and without CSPH and varices. Volumetric changes and fibrosis severity were independently associated with key prognostic events, with no association between these two parameters.ConclusionsLiver and spleen volumetric indices evolve differently along the natural history of cirrhosis and are associated with key prognostic factors in each phase, regardless of fibrosis severity and portal hypertension.
Aetiology, clinical parameters and outcome in 113 dogs surgically treated for septic peritonitis (2004–2020)
Authors: Shipov Anna , Lenchner Itzik , Milgram Josh , Libkind Rivka , Klainbart Sigal , Segev Gilad , Bruchim Yaron 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundSeptic peritonitis (SP) is a common life‐threatening condition. The aims of this study were to describe the aetiology, clinicopathological abnormalities, complications, treatment, outcome and prognosis of dogs with SP.MethodsRecords of 113 dogs diagnosed and surgically treated for SP between 2004 and 2020 were reviewed.ResultsOverall survival rate was 74.3%. Parameters at presentation that were significantly associated with mortality were lateral recumbency (p= 0.001) and elevated respiratory rate (p= 0.045). Hypotension during or after surgery (p < 0.001), liver injury (p < 0.001) and acute kidney injury (p < 0.001) were also more common in non‐survivors. The source of contamination, number of surgeries or the location of perforation in cases of gastrointestinal tract perforation were not associated with mortality. Delta glucose (serum vs. abdominal) was available in 36 out of 113 dogs and the difference was more than 20 mg/dl in only 22 of out 36 (61.1%) cases.ConclusionLiver and kidney injuries play a role in mortality, and early diagnosis and intervention are recommended to prevent multiple organ dysfunction and death. The reported high sensitivity of delta glucose is questionable in diagnosis of SP.
Facile Deoxygenative Reduction of a Bridging Carbonato Ligand with Silyl and Boryl 4,4’‐Bipyridinylidene Reagents
Authors: Clapson Marissa L. , Dubrawski Zachary S. , Piers Warren E. , Gelfand Benjamin S. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe reactivity of CO2 with a previously described PCcarbeneP cobalt(I) hydroxide is reported. Insertion of CO2 into the Co−OH bond followed by a dehydration reaction releasing water results in a cobalt(I) bridging carbonate species featuring fluctional κ1: κ1 and κ1: κ2 coordination of the central carbonate moiety. The reduction chemistry of the resulting cobalt(I) bridging carbonate species is explored utilizing deoxygenative reducing agents N,N′‐bis(trimethylsilyl)‐ and N,N′‐bis(pinacolatoboryl)‐4,4′‐bipyridinylidene. The three‐electron reduction produces the corresponding PCcarbeneP cobalt(I) siloxide or boroxide complex alongside a PCcarbeneP cobalt(0) monocarbonyl, silyl/boryl ether, and 4,4’‐bipyridine.
The Use of Diagrams in Planning for Report Writing
Authors: Manalo Emmanuel , Ohmes Laura 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this study, we investigated 32 undergraduate university students’ use of diagrams in planning to write two coursework reports. For both reports, the students were asked to submit a diagrammatic plan for what they were going to write. Prior to their first plan, no instruction was provided about how to use diagrams for planning. However, prior to the second plan, the students were provided instruction on the use of sketchnoting, which is one method for creating visual notes and organizing ideas. For the first plan, only 31% actually submitted a diagram plan, with the majority submitting a text-based plan. However, for the second plan, the proportion who submitted a diagram plan increased to 66%, but they also reported experiencing more difficulty in creating their plans compared to those who submitted text-based plans. The students’ plans and reports were scored for various quality features, analysis of which revealed that, for the second report, diagram plans had a better logical structure than text plans. More importantly, second reports created with diagram plans were also found to have a better logical structure than those created with text plans. The findings indicate that many students require instruction to be able to create diagrammatic plans, but that creating such plans can be helpful in structuring their written work.
Sim-to-Real Neural Learning with Domain Randomisation for Humanoid Robot Grasping
Authors: Gäde Connor , Kerzel Matthias , Strahl Erik , Wermter Stefan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCollecting large amounts of training data with a real robot to learn visuomotor abilities is time-consuming and limited by expensive robotic hardware. Simulators provide a safe, distributable way to collect data, but due to discrepancies between simulation and reality, learned strategies often do not transfer to the real world. This paper examines whether domain randomisation can increase the real-world performance of a model trained entirely in simulation without additional fine-tuning. We replicate a reach-to-grasp experiment with the NICO humanoid robot in simulation and develop a method to autonomously create training data for a supervised learning approach with an end-to-end convolutional neural architecture. We compare model performance and real-world transferability for different amounts of data and randomisation conditions. Our results show that domain randomisation improves the transferability of a model and can mitigate negative effects of overfitting.
Learning Visually Grounded Human-Robot Dialog in a Hybrid Neural Architecture
Authors: Sun Xiaowen , Weber Cornelius , Kerzel Matthias , Weber Tom , Li Mengdi , Wermter Stefan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractConducting a dialog in human-robot interaction (HRI) involves complexities that are hard to reconcile by individual research or engineering works. Towards the development of a robotic dialog agent, we develop a verbal and visual instruction scenario in which a robot needs to enter into a dialog to resolve ambiguities. We propose a novel hybrid neural architecture to learn the robotic part of the interaction. A neural dialog state tracker learns to process the user input depending on visual inputs and dialog instances. It uses variables to allow certain generality to generate the robot’s physical or verbal actions. We train it on a new visual dialog dataset, test different forms of input representations, and validate the robot agent on unseen examples. We evaluate our hybrid neural network approach in handling an HRI conversation scenario that is extendable to a real robot. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the hybrid approach allows generalization to a large range of unseen visual inputs and verbal instructions.
Orbifolds by 2-groups and decomposition
Authors: Pantev Tony , Robbins Daniel G. , Sharpe Eric , Vandermeulen Thomas 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In this paper we study three-dimensional orbifolds by 2-groups with a trivially-acting one-form symmetry group BK. These orbifolds have a global two-form symmetry, and so one expects that they decompose into (are equivalent to) a disjoint union of other three-dimensional theories, which we demonstrate. These theories can be interpreted as sigma models on 2-gerbes, whose formal structures reflect properties of the orbifold construction.
COVID-19 rapid molecular point-of-care testing is effective and cost-beneficial for the acute care of trauma patients
Authors: Stolberg-Stolberg Josef , Jacob Elena , Kuehn Joachim , Hennies Marc , Hafezi Wali , Freistuehler Moritz , Koeppe Jeanette , Friedrich Alex W. , Katthagen J. Christoph , Raschke Michael J. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate the accuracy and cost benefit of a rapid molecular point-of-care testing (POCT) device detecting COVID-19 within a traumatological emergency department.

Background
Despite continuous withdrawal of COVID-19 restrictions, hospitals will remain particularly vulnerable to local outbreaks which is reflected by a higher institution-specific basic reproduction rate. Patients admitted to the emergency department with unknown COVID-19 infection status due to a- or oligosymptomatic COVID-19 infection put other patients and health care workers at risk, while fast diagnosis and treatment is necessary. Delayed testing results in additional costs to the health care system.

Methods
From the 8th of April 2021 until 31st of December 2021, all patients admitted to the emergency department were tested with routine RT-PCR and rapid molecular POCT device (Abbott ID NOW™ COVID-19). COVID-19-related additional costs for patients admitted via shock room or emergency department were calculated based on internal cost allocations.

Results
1133 rapid molecular tests resulted in a sensitivity of 83.3% (95% CI 35.9–99.6%), specificity of 99.8% (95% CI 99.4–100%), a positive predictive value of 71.4% (95% CI 29–96.3%) and a negative predictive value of 99.9% (95% CI 99.5–100%) as compared to RT-PCR. Without rapid COVID-19 testing, each emergency department and shock room admission with subsequent surgery showed additional direct costs of 2631.25€, without surgery of 729.01€.

Conclusion
Although rapid molecular COVID-19 testing can initially be more expensive than RT-PCR, subsequent cost savings, improved workflows and workforce protection outweigh this effect by far. The data of this study support the use of a rapid molecular POCT device in a traumatological emergency department.
Estimation of Physiologic Ability and Surgical Stress (E‐PASS) Predicts Postoperative Major Complications After Hepato‐Pancreato Biliary Surgery in the Elderly
Authors: Norimatsu Yu , Ito Kyoji , Takemura Nobuyuki , Inagaki Fuyuki , Mihara Fuminori , Kokudo Norihiro 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundAs society ages, an increasing number of elderly patients require hepato–pancreato–biliary (HPB) surgery. We investigated the risk factors for complications in elderly patients undergoing HPB surgery using surgical risk scoring models.MethodsWe retrospectively investigated 184 elderly patients (≥ 65 years old) who underwent HPB surgery, including the liver, pancreas, bile duct, and/or gallbladder resection, with exemption to simple cholecystectomy between January 2017 and December 2019. The surgical risk scoring models used included the Estimation of Physiological Ability and Surgical Stress (E‐PASS), Physiological and Operative Severity Score for the enUmeration of Mortality and Morbidity (POSSUM), and Geriatric 8 (G8). We evaluated the correlations between the scores and severe complications. Complications were classified as severe (Clavien–Dindo classification [C–D] ≥ III) or non‐severe (C–D ≤ II).ResultsComplications occurred in 78 patients (24 C–D ≥ III, 54 C–D ≤ II). Preoperative risk score (PRS), surgical stress score (SSS), and comprehensive risk score (CRS) were significantly higher in patients with C–D ≥ IIIa than in those with C–D ≤ II. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that PRS (P = 0.01) and SSS (P = 0.04) were independent predictive factors for severe complications. However, the POSSUM and G8 models showed no significant correlations to severe complications.ConclusionE‐PASS is a useful model for predicting complications in elderly patients undergoing HPB surgery.
Forebrain corticosteroid receptors promote post-myocardial infarction depression and mortality
Authors: Bruns Bastian , Daub Ricarda , Schmitz Thomas , Hamze-Sinno Maria , Spaich Sebastian , Dewenter Matthias , Schwale Chrysovalandis , Gass Peter , Vogt Miriam , Katus Hugo , Herzog Wolfgang , Friederich Hans-Christoph , Frey Norbert , Schultz Jobst-Hendrik , Backs Johannes 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMyocardial infarction (MI) with subsequent depression is associated with increased cardiac mortality. Impaired central mineralocorticoid (MR) and glucocorticoid receptor (GR) equilibrium has been suggested as a key mechanism in the pathogenesis of human depression. Here, we investigate if deficient central MR/GR signaling is causative for a poor outcome after MI in mice. Mice with an inducible forebrain-specific MR/GR knockout (MR/GR-KO) underwent baseline and follow-up echocardiography every 2 weeks after MI or sham operation. Behavioral testing at 4 weeks confirmed significant depressive-like behavior and, strikingly, a higher mortality after MI, while cardiac function and myocardial damage remained unaffected. Telemetry revealed cardiac autonomic imbalance with marked bradycardia and ventricular tachycardia (VT) upon MI in MR/GR-KO. Mechanistically, we found a higher responsiveness to atropine, pointing to impaired parasympathetic tone of ‘depressive’ mice after MI. Serum corticosterone levels were increased but—in line with the higher vagal tone—plasma and cardiac catecholamines were decreased. MR/GR deficiency in the forebrain led to significant depressive-like behavior and a higher mortality after MI. This was accompanied by increased vagal tone, depleted catecholaminergic compensatory capacity and VTs. Thus, limbic MR/GR disequilibrium may contribute to the impaired outcome of depressive patients after MI and possibly explain the lack of anti-depressive treatment benefit.
Robot-assisted transthoracic hybrid esophagectomy versus open and laparoscopic hybrid esophagectomy: propensity score matched analysis of short-term outcome
Authors: Reinstaller Therese , Adolf Daniela , Lorenz Eric , Croner Roland S. , Benedix Frank 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Minimally invasive en-bloc esophagectomy is associated with a reduction of postoperative morbidity. This was demonstrated for both total minimally invasive and hybrid esophagectomy. However, little is known about any benefits of robotic assistance compared to the conventional minimally invasive technique, especially in hybrid procedures.

Methods
For this retrospective study, all consecutive patients who had undergone elective esophagectomy with circular stapled intrathoracic anastomosis using the open and the minimally invasive hybrid technique at the University Hospital Magdeburg, from January 2010 to March 2021 were considered for analysis.

Results
In total, 137 patients (60.4%) had undergone open esophagectomy. In 45 patients (19.8%), the laparoscopic hybrid technique and in 45 patients (19.8%), the robot-assisted hybrid technique were applied. In propensity score matching analysis comparing the open with the robotic hybrid technique, significant differences were found in favor of the robotic technique (postoperative morbidity, p < 0.01; hospital length of stay, p < 0.01; number of lymph nodes retrieved, p = 0.048). In propensity score matching analysis comparing the laparoscopic with the robotic hybrid technique, a significant reduction of the rate of postoperative delayed gastric emptying (p = 0.02) was found for patients who had undergone robotic esophagectomy. However, the operation time was significantly longer (p < 0.01).

Conclusions
En-bloc esophagectomy using the robotic hybrid technique is associated with a significant reduction of postoperative morbidity and of the hospital length of stay when compared to the open approach. However, when compared to the laparoscopic hybrid technique, only few advantages could be demonstrated.