bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Siswa melalui Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning (PBL) pada Mata Pelajaran IPA Kelas IV SDN Blimbing Kabupaten Kediri
Authors: Sulistiana Indra 
Published: February 2022

Penelitian ini disusun dengan tujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran IPA menggunakan model pembelajaran problem based learning pada peserta didik kelas IV SDN Blimbing, Kec. Gurah, Kab.Kediri. Berdasarkan temuan peneliti terkait pembelajaran jarak jauh yang sekarang sedang dijalani di sekolah-sekolah di Indonesia karena pandemi Covid-19 membuat hasil belajar siswa di SDN Blimbing menurun. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari hasil penilaian yang dilakukan oleh guru. Hanya 25% siswa SDN Blimbing Kelas IV yang mampu memenuhi KKM, sedangkan 75% siswa lainnya belum mampu memenuhi KKM yang telah ditentukan. Dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning membuat siswa belajar untuk menghadapi masalah pada dunia nyata untuk memulai pembelajaran. Sebelum siswa mempelajari konsep/materi, siswa akan diberikan sebuah masalah yang harus dipecahkan. Oleh karena itu, untuk memecahkan masalah tersebut siswa akan memiliki kesadaran terhadap kebutuhan pengetahuan baru yang harus dipelajari untuk memecahkan masalah yang diberikan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang dilakukan, dapat disimpulkan bahwa dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa kelas IV SDN Blimbing Kab. Kediri. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari prosentasi ketuntasan pada siklus I sebesar 60 % meningkat menjadi 85 % pada siklus II. Berdasarkan kesimpulan tersebut, saran yang dapat disampaikan adalah sebaiknya guru mencari metode yang tepat sesuai dengan materi yang akan diajarkan kepada siswa. Guru hendaknya selalu melakukan refleksi setelah melakukan proses pembelajaran.
PENGARUH PENGETAHUAN, PERSEPSI DAN SARANA PRASARANA TERHADAP MOTIVASI DALAM MEMPERTAHANKAN GIGI TETAP
Authors: Mery Novaria Pay  
Published: February 2022

Motivasi adalah dorongan dasar dalam menggerakkan seseorang bertingkah laku lebih baik untuk memenuhi kebutuhannya. Motivasi untuk mempertahankan gigi tetap yang berlubang dilihat dari nilai performed tretment index (PTI). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pengetahuan, persepsi dan sarana prasarana terhadap motivasi dalam mempertahankan gigi tetap yang berkaries pada pasien yang berkunjung ke poli gigi Puskesmas Kupang Kota. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional dengan rancangan cross sectional study. Subjek penelitian berjumlah 63 orang. Variabel persepsi dan sarana prasarana diukur dengan kuesioner menggunakan skala Likert. Variabel pengetahuan menggunakan pernyataan benar dan salah untuk mengetahui motivasi pasien dalam mempertahankan gigi tetap yang berkaries pada pasien berkunjung ke poli gigi Puskesmas Kupang Kota. Hasil analisis korelasi menunjukkan bahwa variabel pengetahuan (p=0.340) dan persepsi (p=0.023) tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan dengan motivasi. Hasil analisis regresi berganda menunjukkan bahwa variabel sarana prasana (p=0.000) berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap motivasi. Variabel sarana prasana memberikan kontribusi sebesar 57.4% (R2=0.574) terhadap motivasi dalam mempertahankaan gigi tetap pada pasien yang berkunjung ke poli gigi Puskesmas Kupang Kota. Hasil penelitian, Semakin baik sarana prasana kesehatan gigi maka semakin tinggi motivasi dalam mempertahankan gigi tetap yang berkaries. Pengetahuan dan persepsi tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap motivasi dalam mempertahankan gigi tetap yang berkaries
PELAKSANAAN KEBIJAKAN KEPEMIMPINAN PENDIDIKAN ISLAM
Authors: Ismah  , Utami Budiyati  
Published: February 2022

Kepemimpinan lembaga pendidikan Islam diperlukan untuk menciptakan suasana kondusif dalam membangun strategi untuk memajukan lembaga pendidikan Islam. Diperluknan juga kemampuan manajeril agar dapat mengatasi berbagai persoalan lembaga pendidikan Islam tersebut. Tugas kepemimpinan anatara lain mengarahkan, membimbing, mempengaruhi atau mengawasi perilaku pelaksana pendidikan. Untuk itu pemimpin lembaga pendidikan Islam perlu memiliki sikap keraifan dalam mengatasi berbagai persoalan.
Ciclo de produção de cogumelos comestíveis cultivados em resíduos lignocelulósicos da fruticultura Amazônica: um estudo de caso
Authors: Coelho Maria , Figueiredo Adrya da Silva Figueiredo , Martim Salomão Rocha Martim , Teixeira Maria Francisca Simas Teixeira 
Published: February 2022

Alimentos saudáveis com propriedades terapêuticas está impulsionando a produção e a comercialização de espécies de Pleurotus. Em escala comercial, esses cogumelos são cultivados em matriz sólida, utilizando diferentes substratos orgânicos. Resíduos lignocelulósicos disponíveis na Amazônia vêm demonstrando potencial para obtenção de basidiomas de Pleurotus. Este trabalho apresenta contribuições científicas promissoras que demonstram os ciclos de produção de Pleurotus ostreatoroseus e P. albidus, cultivados em resíduos da fruticultura amazônica pela tecnologia da fermentação no estado sólido. Essas espécies desenvolveram a fase micelial completa em grãos de trigo (spwan), em 15 dias e cinco dias, respectivamente. Porém, demonstraram diferentes ciclos produtivos quando cultivadas em exocarpo de cupuaçu misturado com farelo de arroz. P. ostreatoroseus apresentou dois ciclos de produção. No entanto, P. albidus foi observado apenas um fluxo produtivo, caracterizado pela maturação e colheita dos basidiomas. Resíduos lignocelulósicos da fruticultura amazônica são substratos eficientes para a produção de P. ostreatoroseus e P. albidus.
A formação do pedagogo do século XXI, quebrando paradigmas
Authors: Medeiros Paulo , Da Silva Rosangela 
Published: February 2022

Este texto tem por objetivo identificar os desafios da profissão do Pedagogo na atualidade, afim se superar o preconceito relacionado ao professor homem e o ensino na Educação Infantil e Anos Iniciais. É um estudo pautado na pesquisa qualitativa, fundamentado em estudo bibliográfico com base no materialismo histórico, na busca de dialogar com os autores que discutem a temática. Em um no primeiro momento realiza um breve histórico sobre a profissão do pedagogo, entendendo como se deu a ascensão da mulher no campo de trabalho do magistério no Brasil, assim como o contexto histórico que este fato aconteceu, ao passo que esse processo levou o afastamento do homem do ensino voltado às crianças menores. Em um Segundo momento discute-se o a reinserção do homem na profissão de pedagogo na Educação Infantil e nos Anos Iniciais do Ensino Fundamental, contribuindo para a superação do paradigma que envolve o homem e a pedagogia. As reflexões realizadas neste estudo contribuem para desvelar algumas ideias que permeiam a sociedade e o senso comum no que tange ao trabalho do professor homem nas escolas da Educação Infantil e do Ensino Fundamental dos Anos Iniciais.
Performance Evaluation of Dynamic Routing Protocols
Authors: Waleed Iftikhar  
Published: February 2022

Routing protocols are an essential component while performing routing. Majority of the researches put stress on the analysis of the security of IPv6 routing protocols as a future research work. In case of DB query response time, EIGRPv6 did not perform well as compare to other two routing protocols. While for voice and video, jitter, packet end-to-end delay, EIGRPv6 performed best among other routing protocols. Their evaluation involved four pairs of scenarios and each pair dedicated to respective routing protocols to be analyzed. Finally, their results also predicted that communication between ISIS and OSPF routing protocols is quite noticeable. The major purpose of their research was to figure out the best possible combined solution of routing protocols in a complex scenario to provide a seamless flow of communication. While, in the combined network, RIP-OSPF combination had a low CPU utilization in comparison to EIGRP-OSPF combination. This paper will conduct a performance evaluation and analysis of routing protocols, RIP, OSPF, EIGRP and IGRP using different performance metrics. In a situation where there are frequent network topological changes, RIP and IGRP are the least suited routing protocols. While EIGRP and OSPF are the best suited routing protocols in a changing network environment. OSPF can be a better choice than EIGRP considering transmission cost and router overhead, while EIGRP performed best in terms of convergence, utilization, delay and throughput. Hence it becomes really difficult to select among OPSF and EIGRP. Future research can be based on selecting a routing protocol among OSPF
Attributes of an Effective Clinical Teacher in Undergraduate Medical Education: Students' Perspective
Authors: Naeem Noor-i-Kiran , Iqbal Haris , Butt Wajid 
Published: February 2022

Background: A good clinical teacher constitutes one of the major factors towards providing quality educational environment in the wards for medical students. Modern era has opened new domains for defining methods for clinical teaching as well as new roles for a clinical teacher. This study aims at exploring medical student' perspectives regarding attributes of an effective clinical teacher.
Methods: This mixed method study involved final year MBBS students of Aziz Fatima Medical and Dental College, Faisalabad from August 2018 to November 2018.Seventy-five medical students filled the Nursing Clinical Teacher Effectiveness Inventory (NCTEI) questionnaire after taking informed consent. This was followed by seven individual face to face interviews of students consenting for interview.
Results: Most important attribute for an effective clinical teacher was reported having good interpersonal skills (95.2%) followed by having skills of evaluation (90.7%) , clinical competence (84.7%) , good personality traits (83.2%) and teaching skills (81.1%).Students felt it most important to have a teacher who is approachable and with whom they can communicate easily.
Conclusion: In the present era of medical education, an undergraduate medical student expects his clinical teacher to be approachable, professional, a positive role model with good interpersonal and teaching skills
A Rare Presentation of Central Giant Cell Granuloma of the Maxillary Sinus
Authors: Saleem Muhammad , Hassnain Danish 
Published: February 2022

Central giant cell granuloma (CGCG), also known as giant cell reparative granuloma, is a non-cancerous proliferative lesion of unknown etiology. It is a localized osteolytic lesion with the diverse biological behavior of aggression which most commonly affects the mandible and other jaw bones. It is a rare condition and its characteristic clinical or radiological features are still not well defined. It resembles to some neoplasms and can easily be misdiagnosed with Antro- Choanal Polyp, Angiofibroma, Squamous Cell Carcinoma and inverted Cell papilloma.We are reporting a case of rare presentation of CGCG arising from the maxillary sinus. This is a case report of a 15 year old boy who presented with the episodes of recurrent epistaxis and nasal obstruction. Diagnosis of giant cell granuloma was made on the basis of age presentation, rare location, and histological findings of excised specimen, which revealed central giant cell granuloma. This case helps to demonstrate the wide variation in the clinical and radiological features of CGCG and highlights the significance of histological features of this lesion.
Impact of Shisha and Cigarette Smoking on Lung Functions in Young Adults
Authors: Mumtaz Muhammad Sarim , Pansota Qamar Javaid , Majeed Muhammad Muneeb , Mujeeb Mahnoor , Abdur Rehman Umar , Rana Mohtisum 
Published: February 2022

Objective: To determine the impact of shisha and cigarette smoking on lungs functions and compare the pulmonary function test parameters between shisha, cigarette smokers and non-smokers.Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Aziz Fatima Medical and Dental College Faisalabad from January to September 2018. Ethical approval was taken from the Institutional Ethical committee. This study consisted of 100 male college students of age 18 to 25 years. Participants were enrolled on voluntary basis. Prior to study, students of Faisalabad based colleges were invited for study. A detailed interview of subjects was taken. Subjects were questioned regarding the smoking habits using pre designed proforma. Subjects who currently smoked cigarettes were classified as cigarette smokers. Subjects using shisha were categorized as shisha smokers. A third category was formed which included subjects using both shisha and cigarettes, subjects without any type of smoking were non-smokers Anthropometric measurements including height and weight were taken and BMI was calculated by formula weight in kg/ height in m2. Pulmonary function tests including forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in first second (FEV1) and FEV1/FVC were performed by digital spirometer. Data was analyzed by SPSS22. Values of FVC, FEV1 and FEV1/FVC were presented as mean ± SD and compared by ANOVA. P value ? 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.Results: Study comprised 100 participants of mean age 20.71±1.87 years. Out of the total study participants 16(16%) were cigarette smokers, 11(10.3%) were shisha smokers, 22(20.7%) were users of both cigarettes as well as shisha and 51(48,1%) were non-smokers. All three parameters of lung functions including FVC (p value = 0.005), FEV1 (p value = 0.046) and FEV1/FVC (p value = 0.023) were lower in cigarette smokers and significantly different from non-smokers. All three lung parameters of shisha smokers were also lower than non-smokers but statistical difference was found only in FVC values (p value = 0.000). FEV1 (2.73 versus 1.5, p value= 0.66) and FEV1/FVC (63 versus 50.5, p value= 0.449) was higher in shisha smokers as compared to cigarette smokers but the difference was statistically not significant. FVC value of shisha smokers was lower than cigarette smokers (2.42 versus 2.89) but no significant difference was noted (p value =0.59).
Conclusion: Lung function parameters FVC, FEV1 and FEV1/FVC, were reduced in cigarette and shisha smokers as compared to non-smokers. Shisha and cigarette both adversely affect lung functions, however shisha is less harmful than cigarette smoking.
Frequency of agenesis of Palmaris Longus muscle in medical students of Faisalabad
Authors: Rehman Quddus Ur , Latif Usman , Haris Faiqa , Liaqat Faiza 
Published: February 2022

Objective: To find out frequency of agenesis of palmaris longus (PL) of medical students of Faisalabad.Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted from 1st to 31st October 2019 at the anatomy department of a private medical college of Faisalabad. Two hundred and two medical students of age ranging from 18-22 years were evaluated for agenesis of PL by standard Schaeffer’s test. Findings were confirmed by Thompson’s test, Pushpakumar’s “two-finger sign” method, Mishra’s test I, and Mishra’s II test. Data was analyzed by SPSS version 21. Frequencies and percentages for PL agenesis were obtained and compared by chi square test. p value ? 0.05 was considered to be significant.Results: The PL muscle was present in 155 students (76.3%). The frequency of agenesis was noted in 47 students (23.6%). Bilateral agenesis was seen in 16 students (7.9%) while 31 subjects (15 %) had unilateral agenesis.Twenty-nine (29.5%) male students had agenesis of palmaris longus. Out of which bilateral and unilateral agenesis found in 7 (6.8%) and 22 (21%) male students respectively. In comparison to this 18 (17.3%) female students had agenesis of palmaris longus. Out of which bilateral and unilateral agenesis found in 9(8.6%) and 9(8.6%) female students respectively.Conclusion: Unilateral agenesis of PL is more common than bilateral agenesis. Agenesis of PL is more frequent in males as compared to females.
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Spectrum of Electroencephalographic Findings in Seizures under 6 months aged infants at a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Riaz Dr. Lubna , Shafique Dr.Waqas , Ishaq Dr. Fouzia , Faryad Dr. Neelam , Ali Sheikh Dr. Muhammad , Shahzad Dr. Naveed 
Published: February 2022

Objectives: To determine the spectrum of electroencephalographic findings in epilepsy of infants under 6 months of age
Methodology It was a cross-sectional study conducted in the Pediatrics Department, at Shaikh Zayed Hospital, Lahore from May 2018 till April 2019. One hundred and forty-two infants aged one to six months of both genders which were newly diagnosed having first episode of seizures recruited by non-probability purposive sampling. Infants with no seizures, any central nervous system abnormalities like meningomyelocele, spina bifida, encephalocele, microcephaly and already taking antiepileptic drugs were excluded. Patient’s demographic characteristics, seizure pattern and EEG record was obtained on Performa. Frequencies and percentages were calculated.
Results: The mean age of infant patients was 3.18±1.90 months (1-6 months). Of the 142 infant patients, 97 (68%) were male and 45 (32%) females with positive family history in 42 (30%) patients. Epilepsy pattern revealed 101 (71.1%) presented with generalized seizures while 23 (16.2%) had focal seizures. Only 1 (0.7%) child suffered from epilepsy syndromes while seventeen (12%) had unclassified seizures. EEG reporting showed 41 (29%) had abnormal tracing. Of these, 23 (16%) patients had abnormal focal while 15 (11%) had abnormal generalized frequency and only 3 (2%) were with undetermined reporting. Normal EEG was seen in 101 (71%) patients.
Conclusion: Almost one-third of patients with epilepsy had abnormal EEG findings so antiepileptic therapy selection must be tailored on individual basis, with special focus on patient’s history and clinical presentation.
Assessment of Anxiety and Depression and its Association with Socio-demographic Characteristics among Family Caretakers of Cancer Patients
Authors: Hussain Khalid , Ahmed Tanseer , Ali Amjad , Raza Faheem 
Published: February 2022

Objective: To find out the frequency of anxiety and depression and its association with socio-demographics characteristics among family caretakers of cancer patients.
Methodology: This descriptive cross sectional study of 300 participants was carried out at Dr. Ruth K.M Pfau Civil Hospital and Dow University Hospital, Karachi from December 01, 2020 to January 30, 2021. Before the study ethical approval was taken. The Aga Khan University Anxiety and Depression Scale (AKU-ADS) was used to assess the symptoms among family caregivers of cancer patients. The inclined adult male and female family members of cancer patients who were admitted in Dow University Hospital and Dr. Ruth K.M. Pfau Civil Hospital Karachi was included in this study. The data was analyzed by using SPSS version -21. Frequency analy-
sis was performed for demographic variables and chi-square test was also run to check the association of anxiety and depression with socio-demographic characteristics of study participants.
Results: Finding of this study revealed that 39% of participants were having anxiety and depression. We found that gender, marital status, age group, educational level and patient’s relationship showed significant p value of <0.001 with anxiety and depression.
Conclusion: This study concludes that approximately one third of the study participants suffered from anxiety and depression. The demographic variables contributing to anxiety and depression include age, gender, and marital status, relationship with patient and educational level of the participants.
A case report: Amelogenesis imperfecta
Authors: Zia Dr. Rabia , Aqeel Dr. Samreen 
Published: February 2022

SUMMARY
The aim of this case report is to come up with patient friendly restorative treatment for a young female patient with severe AI using indirect composite veneers for anteriors and metal crowns on posteriors. Amelogenesis imperfecta is defined as genetic determined malformation with various manifestations particularly concerning functional disability and enamel discoloration.
After the performed dental procedure, patient improved a lot in terms of chewing efficacy, which in turn enhance her quality of life. Her confidence level was also boosted up with acceptable esthetics. The patient was better able to maintain her oral hygiene in terms of plaque removal and tooth brushing. Clinical Relevance: Patients with amelogenesis imperfect needs life time follow up with high level of maintenance provided with the prosthesis. This particular management provided the patient with least invasive procedure in terms of simplicity and cost effectiveness.
The current case report exhibits that restorative treatment enhances the quality of life of patients. Some other aspects needs to be addressed depending upon the severity and affordability of patients, such as surgical correction of the jaws, and orthodontic treatment.
Herbalizmi dentar
Authors: Amuli Xhuena , Disha Valbona 
Published: February 2022

Kurimi i patologjive të ndryshme shëndetësore nëpërmjet bimëve tashmë njihet në të gjithë botën. Janë të njohura efektet e tyre antimikrobiale, antifungal, antivirale etj., veti këto që mund të shfrytëzohen për të trajtuar patologji edhe në kavitetin oral. Nga ana tjetër, kur krahasohen me medikamentet, bimët janë më të sigurta në përdorim dhe më me pak efekte anësore.
Qëllimi. Si ndikon në reduktimin e pllakës dentare dhe kariesin dentar përdorimi i disa bimëve (kanellës, stivias, propolisit dhe lëkurës së portokallit).
Materiale dhe metoda. Ky studim është një rishikim literature, në vetvete kualitativ, duke qenë se është bazuar në literaturë ekzistuese. Duke përdorur fjalët kyçe për kërkimin e artikujve në lidhje me temën, u shfaqën rreth 500 artikuj. Nga këto u zgjodhën 8 artikuj që u shfrytëzuan për qëllimin e studimit. Artikujt e përzgjedhur përfshinin studime në lidhje me bimët e interesit dhe me efektet që ato kanë në pllakë dhe inhibimin e evolucionit të kariesit. Artikujt i përkasin viteve të fundit dhe trajtojnë studime in vivo/in vitro që janë kryer duke përdorur bimët e interesit.
Rezultate. Aprovimi i potencialeve në frenimin e aktivitetit mikrobial dhe reduktimin e akumulimit të pllakës patogjene në kavitetin oral, janë disa nga rezultatet e këtij studimi. Interesant është fakti që studiues të ndryshëm kanë nxjerrë rezultate të përafërta me njëri tjetrin lidhur me vetitë pozitive të bimëve të interesit.
Konkluzione. Është i padiskutueshëm fakti që bimët kanë pranueshmëri më të mirë nga ana e pacientit dhe më pak efekte anësore. Studimet e kryera kanë lënë rrugë të hapur drejt mundësive të përfshirjes së bimëve të interesit në produktet e higjenës orale. Mungesa e standardizmit të kësaj disipline dhe e një instituti kërkimor përbën kufizim për këtë punë kërkimore.