bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Approach of Mahdi Rizqullah Ahmad in the book “The life of the Prophet in the light of Original Sources”
Authors: Bhat Tawseef Ahmad , Dr.Sami ullah Zubairi  , Khan Shabir Ahmad 
Published: August 2022

The Seerah of Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W) had been an interesting and attractive topic for scholars and researchers from the beginning of this chapter and is still, as was in previous times. It is considered the authentic history of Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W) which reached to us and the reason for its authenticity is that Qur’an has described a number of events of the Prophet’s life in detail. Moreover, the authenticity of this piece of history is that it has been saved and protected by the companions of Prophets and transferred to the next generations, which is preserved in the form of Hadith. The Islamic scholars and historians have described and discussed the life of Prophet (S.A.W) while using different approaches. We have a number of Seerah Books in which the life of the prophet has been described comprehensively in detail. In this study the researchers have used the book "Al Seerah al Nabwiah fi zo al Masadar al Asliah Darast al Tahliaha" and have discussed the approach and methodology of the Mahdi Rizqullah Ahmad in the book.
Keywords: Seerah, Mahdi Rizqullah Ahmad, original sources, seerah approaches.
The Effect of Rifampicin on the Induction of MDR1/P-gp Activity in Proinflammatory Human Macrophages
Authors: Pavlova E. N. , Erokhina M. V. , Rybalkina E. Yu. , Potashnikova D. M. , Masyutin A. G. , Lepekha L. N. , Ergeshov A. E. 
Published: August 2022

Background. The effect on the activity of the multidrug resistance protein P-glycoprotein (P-gp, MDR1 gene) in pro-inflammatory (M1) human macrophages is considered one of the promising strategies for increasing the effectiveness of the treatment in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis: P-gp activity is considered a factor that reduces intracellular accumulation of rifampicin (RIF), a substrate for P-gp. The aim of this work was to reveal the effect of the therapeutic concentration of RIF on the activity of P-gp in M1 human macrophages. The objectives were as follows: to determine the expression levels of the MDR1 gene, P-gp protein, as well as its functional activity at different periods of cell differentiation and under the influence of RIF.Material and methods. The following cell lines were used in the work: suspension cells of promonocytic leukemia THP-1 and THP-1 macrophages induced by phorbol ether according to the pro-inflammatory phenotype. Suspension cells of myeloid leukemia K562/IS-9 transfected with the MDR1 gene were used as a comparison group. An important factor is the choice of the experimental concentration of RIF: the average concentration of the drug in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis was 10 µg/ml. The methods of RT-PCR, immunocytochemistry, and flow cytometry were used in the work.Results and discussion. The induction of MDR1 gene expression in M1 macrophages under short-term exposure to a therapeutic concentration of RIF was revealed. This effect is typical only for THP-1 macrophages, in which a significant functional activity of P-gp is registered. This induction does not occur in the cells with no detectable P-gp activity (THP-1 suspension cells). This indicates the presence of different mechanisms of RIF influence on MDR1, which can be used to develop a strategy for P-gp inhibition in inflammatory macrophages.Conclusion. Given the key role of macrophages in tuberculosis, further evaluation of MDR1/P-gp in the surgical material of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis is necessary, which makes it possible to draw a conclusion that it is necessary to develop and apply drug strategies aimed at blocking the functional activity of P-gp and choosing more effective anti-tuberculosis therapy regimens.
Evaluation of the Antibacterial Activity of Extracts of Betula Pendula (Silver Birch) Bark Against Uropathogenic Microorganisms
Authors: Chapurin Y. V. , Mbarga M. J. A. , Senyagin A. N. , Podoprigora I. V. , Manar Rehailia 
Published: August 2022

The aim of this work was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Betula pendula (silver birch) bark against various microorganisms causing urinary tract infections.Material and methods. Aqueous and ethanol extracts of biologically active compounds from Betula pendula bark were tested against ten clinical uropathogenic strains (gram-positive bacteria — Kocuria rhizophila 1542, Staphylococcus simulans 5882, Enterococcus avium 1669, Enterococcus faecalis 5960, and Corynebacterium spp. 1638; gram-negative bacteria — Enterococcus cloacae, Morganella morganii 6392, Escherichia coli 1449, Seratia mansescens 6441, and Achromobacter xylosoxidans 4892). Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 and Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 were used as reference standards for Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms. The sensitivity of the experimental strains to the antibiotic was evaluated by the Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion method, while the antibacterial activity of the obtained extracts was evaluated using the agar diffusion method. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were also determined via the serial dilution method.Results. The bark of B.pendula contained 78.85% of dry matter. The volume yield of the aqueous (AE) and ethanol extract (EE) was 74.66% and 86.66% (v/v), respectively, while their mass yields were 6.59% and 10.65% (w/w). K.rizophilia 1542 and Corynebacterium spp. 1638 were the most resistant bacteria with a multidrug resistance index of 0.45. AE and EE were active against all microorganisms tested. MIC of AE ranged from 8 to 32 mg/ml, while MIC of EE ranged from 2 to 16 mg/ml.Conclusion. An aqueous extract of Betula pendula bark exhibits weak antimicrobial activity, while the ethanol extract exhibits a more pronounced antimicrobial activity, but has a bacteriostatic effect.
Medical Rehabilitation of Elderly and Senior Patients with COVID-19-Associated Pneumonia
Authors: Ivanova M. I. , Ivanov V. M. , Shcheglova Yu. M. , Kovalenko A. L. , Talikova E. V. 
Published: August 2022

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of including remaxol in the medical rehabilitation of elderly and senior patients with COVID-19-associated pneumonia and changes in liver enzyme activity.Material and methods: 116 patients (56 men and 60 women) were examined. All patients underwent a complex of medical rehabilitation on an outpatient basis on the 10–12th day after discharge from the hospital and in the presence of 2 negative results of PCR tests for SARS-CoV-2, which included, in addition to the recommended measures (drug therapy and exercise therapy), vacuum labile massage according to the author's methodology and a course of hepatoprotective drugs. Depending on the latter, the patients were divided into two groups: I — the main group (n=60) — received remaxol in the drug treatment regimen: 400 ml, intravenously, drip, in a course of 10 days, II – comparison (n=56) — ademetionine: 400 ml, intravenously, drip, in 0.9% saline, in a course 10 days. Before rehabilitation and at its end, the following tests were carried out: Stange and Genchi tests; quality of life was assessed using the SF-36 questionnaire. Laboratory studies included determination of the following indicators levels: ALT, AST, their ratio, alkaline phosphatase, GGT, total and direct bilirubin, LDH, albumin and total protein levels.Results. The inclusion of hepatoprotectors in the medical rehabilitation of the patients of this group contributes to a decrease in cytolytic and cholestatic syndromes, which is more pronounced in patients who received remaxol: (a decrease in AST by 1.5 times (from 35.4±1.4 to 23.5±l), and ALT — by 1.8 times (from 38.7±1.3 to 21.5±0.4 IU/l), as well as normalization of bilirubin metabolism: a decrease of total bilirubin by 2.1 times (from 32.1± 0.6 to 14.8±0.9 µmol/l) and of direct — by 2.5 times (from 7.1±0.6 to 2.8±0.1 µmol/l). A pronounced increase in resistance to hypoxia was noted during the therapy with the drug (according to Stange and Genche), which contributed to an improvement in psychophysiological indicators of patients’ quality of life (according to the SF-36 questionnaire). The obtained results, along with the safety of the drug, allow us to recommend its use in patients with this pathology.
Aspects of the Safe Use of Antibacterial Drugs in Community-Acquired Pneumonia: the Implications of Drug-Drug Interactions
Authors: Taube A. A. , Romanov B. K. , Shubnikova E. V. , Alyautdin R. N. , Zhuravleva M. V. , Demidova O. A. , Demchenkova E. Yu. 
Published: August 2022

Background. Drug-drug interactions can seriously affect the safety profile of a drug and are an important problem worldwide. Due to the aging of the population, the increasing frequency of polypharmacy, as well as the spread of self-medication, adverse events that are difficult to identify may occur. It is hard to establish a causal relationship between the administration of a certain drug and the occurrence of an adverse event; it may also lead to the conversion of the adverse event into an adverse drug reaction. The risk of drug-drug interactions increases with combination therapy, as a result of misuse of a drug (off-label use), as well as in the absence of full disclosure from physician and patient about potential drug-drug interactions.One of the ways to detect an adverse reaction to a drug is a method of «spontaneous messages», when notification cards issued according to the regulated form are sent from subjects of drug circulation to the national centers for pharmacovigilance, then to the global database of the World Health Organization VigiBase.The aim of the work was a comprehensive analysis of the content compliance of the information presented in the instructions for the medical use of antibacterial drugs on potential drug-drug interactions with validated signals from the WHO global VigiBase database.Material and Methods. The study used information and analytical comparative non-quantitative, graphical, logical methods of analysis, as well as regression analysis. Objects of the study: instructions for medical use for international generic drugs ampicillin, amoxicillin, azithromycin, clarithromycin.Results. The contents of the instructions for use concerning possible interactions of ampicillin, amoxicillin, azithromycin, clarithromycin upon administration with other drugs were studied. Subsequently, a comparative analysis of the obtained data on drug-drug interactions of antibiotics with other drugs was carried out with signals of drug-drug interactions were validated by VigiBase.Conclusion. The study showed that a detailed description of the risks of potential drug-drug interactions in the instructions for medical use with the aim of informing doctors, patients, and caregivers helps to prevent the use of undesirable combinations, thereby reducing the risk of adverse reactions when drugs are used together. The study found that most of the identified information on the safe use of drugs was missing in the instructions for medical use.
Vaccine Prophylaxis of Herpes Zoster In Rheumatic Diseases: Paradigm Revision and New Opportunities
Authors: Gridneva G. I. , Belov B. S. , Aronova E. S. 
Published: August 2022

Background. The issues of vaccination against the herpesvirus infection are still important in rheumatological practice.This infection often develops in patients receiving immunosuppressive treatment, especially Janus kinase inhibitors (a class-specific adverse reaction) and genetically engineered biologics.The aim of this review is to highlight the current state of the issue of vaccination against Herpes zoster (HZ).Materials and Methods. 37 publications (4 domestic, 33 foreign) were analyzed, in which the mechanisms of pathogenesisand clinical features of herpesvirus infection in patients with immunodeficiency, both with and without immunoinflammatory rheumatic diseases (IIRD), the frequency and variety of post-vaccination reactions, complications and exacerbations of the course of IIRD were considered.Results. There is currently a trend towards reassessment of the rheumatological community's opinion about HZ vaccination, including live vaccine. Literature data allow us to express optimism regarding the effective prevention of herpes zoster in patients who plan to take drugs, primarily from the group of Janus kinase inhibitors. The advantages of the adjuvant recombinant subunit vaccine (Shingrix®) include the possibility of its use against the background of treatment with antirheumatic drugs without significant restrictions, as well as no need to postpone the initiation of the necessary therapy.Conclusions. Publications on the issues of HZ vaccination are few. It is necessary to conduct carefully controlled studies on the efficacy and safety of antiherpetic vaccines with an emphasis on the post-vaccination course of IIRD in patients with rheumatological profile, including in the Russian Federation.
Dealing with Afghanistan after the US Withdrawal: Challenges and Options for Pakistan
Authors: Zahid Farhan 
Published: August 2022

The withdrawal of US forces from Afghanistan in July 2021 resulted in the fall of Kabul within a month and the Taliban's takeover of Afghanistan. Since the Afghan Taliban are a reality to reckon with, hence, Pakistan needs to deal with the challenges amid this situation and calculate policy options for a sound relationship based upon mutual trust and security of the whole region. The situation after the fall of Kabul in August 2021 is still developing but one thing is clear this would enhance Pakistan’s difficulties. The need of the hour is to carefully examine the ground conditions and then take calibrated measures to secure Pakistan’s interests in the region. This essay studies and analyzes issues and current challenges for Pakistan and how to deal with the situation after the US withdrawal.
ENHANCEMENTS IN THE MANAGEMENT OF RELATIONSHIPS WITH CUSTOMERS AS A MEANS OF PRESERVING SALES PERFORMANCE
Authors: Aulia Darlin 
Published: August 2022

Customer relationship management, often known as CRM and referred to in some circles as just CRM, is a strategy that allows businesses the capacity to more effectively manage their customers' accounts as well as the interactions those customers have with the business. In order for a business's CRM strategy to be successful, the organization must put a high value on the quality of the customer experience. Customers who have been loyal to a specific brand for a significant amount of time and have a high level of confidence in the company often move on to become brand advocates in other contexts. There is a chance that improvements to cross-selling, up-selling, and deep-selling might be of assistance to businesses in increasing the total lifetime worth of their clientele. Customers that consistently exhibit a commitment to the company are rewarded with a range of privileges. These might include exclusive access to sales and discounts, individualized customer support, and personalized promotions and specials. The charges that are associated to sustaining present customers are a substantial lot lower when compared to the expenditures that are involved with attracting new consumers to become clients of the business.
PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT DALAM PENGEMBANGAN DAYA TARIK WISATA KARANG JATI DI KABUPATEN INDRAMAYU KECAMATAN KARANGAMPEL
Authors: Salsabila Nadhifa , Hartiniyah Dinni , Anwar Syaeful , Luzan Faisal , Lusiyana Desy 
Published: August 2022

Salah satu parawisata yang dapat menunjang perekonomian daerah dan masyarakat yang terdapat di Kabupaten Indramayu, Kecamatan Karangampel yaitu Wisata Karang Jati. Banyak warga yang berasal dari Kecamatan Karangampel dan kecamatan lainnya yang dengan sengaja berkunjung ke Wisata Karang Jati. Pengembangan dilakukan dengan pembuatan petunjuk jalan ke lokasi objek wisata, gapura, beberapa spot foto, promosi dan publikasi di media social yaitu Facebook dan Instagram. Pengembangan wisata Karang Jati ini akan berdampak pada kedatangan pengunjung ke objek wisata Karang Jati, yang akan meningkatkan penghasilan masyarakat Desa Karangampel. Sektor pariwisata merupakan sektor yang potensial untuk dikembangkan sebagai sumber pendapatan daerah. Perkembangan pariwisata tergantung kepada pengunjung yang datang mengunjungi tempat tersebut. Peningkatan jumlah kunjungan yang terjadi ini merupakan berkembangnya kepariwisataan, untuk mempertahankan dan menambahkan jumlah kunjungan wisatawan.
Kata kunci : desa, wisata, pengembangan, sektor
ABSTRACT

One of the tours that can support the regional economy and society in Indramayu Regency, Karangampel District is Karang Jati Tourism. Many residents come from Karangampel District and other sub-districts who deliberately visit Karang Jati Tourism. Development is carried out by making directions to tourist attraction locations, gates, several photo spots, promotions and publications on social media, namely Facebook and Instagram. The development of Karang Jati tourism will have an impact on the arrival of visitors to Karang Jati tourism objects and will increase the income of the people of Karangampel Village. The tourism sector is a sector that has the potential to be developed as a source of regional income. The development of this tourism depends on the visitors who come to visit the place. The increase in the number of visits that occur is the development of tourism, to maintain and increase the number of tourist visits.
Keywords: village, tourism, development, sector
La mythocritique contemporaine au féminin
Authors: De Clercq Jacqueline 
Published: August 2022

Dans sa contribution « Le Dit d’Ariane ou le « deviens qui tu es » au féminin », Jacqueline De Clercq rend compte de son expérience de réécriture d’un mythe antique, en l’occurrence celui de la princesse crétoise Ariane, fille de Minos et de Pasiphaé , dont le récit à la première personne, publié sous le titre Le Dit d’Ariane (Paris, Orizons, « Littératures », 2008), fait l’objet d’une analyse pertinente dans l’essai de Metka Zupančič, Les Écrivaines contemporaines et les mythes. Le remembrement au féminin (Paris, Karthala, 2013). De Clercq met en lumière les motivations qui ont présidé à son choix, en distinguant celles qui relèvent du mythe en tant que genre littéraire à part entière de celles qui ont spécifiquement trait à la figure emblématique d’Ariane comme héroïne féminine. Se faisant la chroniqueuse de sa propre démarche d’écriture, De Clercq rappelle que le mythe, porteur d’universaux, présente aussi une structure textuelle en plissé et une écriture symbolique jouant de la dialectique du voilement-dévoilement, qui constituent pour l’écrivain une véritable invite à interpréter le récit d’origine. C’est cette dimension herméneutique qu’elle exploite comme elle l’a fait quelques années auparavant avec La Comptine du temps (Bruxelles, Le Cormier, 1994), dans laquelle elle revisite le mythe de l’origine du monde pour y installer l’histoire d’amour d’un (h)être et de sa terre d’élection, sous l’égide du génome humain. Mais à côté de ces motivations purement littéraires, la figure d’Ariane, située au centre d’une configuration de récits mythiques et donc, de héros masculins – Minos, Thésée, Astérion-Minotaure, Dionysos – décrit en creux la vie mouvementée d’une femme qui pourrait être notre contemporaine : un parcours de recherche et d’apprentissage, une deuxième naissance : la vraie !
La mythocritique contemporaine au féminin
Authors: Toman Cheryl 
Published: August 2022

La littérature africaine féminine contemporaine est un véritable patchwork des mythes qui sont les véritables racines des religions indigènes, de l’imagerie populaire collective, et de la croyance en l’au-delà. Le mythe africain a une fonction initiatique et surtout éducatrice pour l’enfant en bas âge ainsi que pour l’adulte. En Afrique, le personnage mythologique typique a une fonction terrestre et souvent il inspire l’amour. Les écrivaines de la littérature africaine réécrivent de nombreux mythes à leur tour dans leur propre « laboratoire » ; Metka Zupančič a bien décrit cet espace, ce lieu où elles expérimentent avec les anciennes valeurs (qu’elles démantèlent) remplacées par de nouveaux modèles souvent en gestation. Ces auteures ne peuvent plus utiliser ces mythes tels qu’ils étaient mais il faut qu’elles les actualisent car, dans cette littérature, il ne s’agit pas d’un mythe unique mais de plusieurs. L’évolution de ces mythes est donc bien évidente et on la trouve dans les nombreux romans, poèmes, pièces de théâtre et chantsromans, genre créé par l’auteure camerounaise Werewere Liking. Pour certaines écrivaines africaines, le recours au mythe est une sorte de revendication identitaire et une revalorisation de certains aspects positifs de la culture traditionnelle. Mais pour d’autres, cette réécriture est un « travail du rassemblement de ce qui a été démembré, de ce qui a subi la déchirure », comme le dit Zupančič dans Les Écrivaines contemporaines et les mythes.
La mythocritique contemporaine au féminin
Authors: Watthee-Delmotte Myriam 
Published: August 2022

De tout temps, les femmes sont présentes au moment de la mise au tombeau : pleureuses, pietà, orantes, elles accomplissent les gestes qui séparent les vivants et les morts. Antigone, qui s’active à rendre les hommages funèbres à son frère, reste une figure incontournable de la condition humaine et elle n’a jamais perdu de son actualité. C’est pourquoi son mythe reste présent dans la littérature contemporaine, au titre même de métaphore de l’écriture en l’honneur des défunts. La littérature des femmes offre-t-elle à cet égard une spécificité ? On observera à ce propos les textes de quatre femmes qui reproduisent sur le plan littéraire le geste funéraire d’Antigone : Béatrice Bonhomme ( Passage de la lumière, L’Arrière-pays , 2008, pour Arnaud Villani), Nancy Huston ( Tombeau de Romain Gary , Actes Sud, 1995), Mireille Calle-Gruber ( Jacques Derrida, la distance généreuse , La Différence, 2009) et Yun Sun Limet ( Joseph , La Différence, 2012). Chacune commémore un homme mort à qui elle assure un mode de reconnaissance post mortem qui lui fait défaut. Ces textes commémoratifs font passer le défunt symboliquement du « il » (l’Altérité comme constat) au « tu » (l’Altérité reconnue comme le lieu de l’échange le plus profond) sur le mode de « l’intime » au sens où l’entend François Jullien ( De l’intime. Loin du bruyant Amour , Grasset, 2013), procédant au basculement d’un dehors vers un dedans partagé.