bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Government Agricultural Expenditure on Economic Growth: Evidence from a Developing Country
Authors: Megbowon Ebenezer Toyin , Mothae Lerato , Relebohile Joseph Rapholo 
Published: September 2022

AbstractFiscal policy has been used by various governments to promote economic growth. The effectiveness of government expenditure on economic growth depends on recipient sector of government expenditure. This study contributes to this research area by investigating the effect of government agricultural expenditure on economic growth in the Kingdom of Lesotho. The government of Lesotho identified the agricultural sector as a productive sector that is central to the achievement the economic growth goal and development plan. Descriptive statistics and inferential econometric techniques (ARDL, DOLS and VEC Granger causality) over time-series data for the period 1982-2019 were utilized in this study. The results suggest that while current level and pattern of government agriculture expenditure cannot stimulate the desired economic growth and prosperity in the country, domestic investment appear to be a stimulant of the desired economic prosperity. Consequently, any economic growth policy or strategy that is premised on government agricultural sector expenditure would fail. Thus study recommends that countries including Lesotho should prioritize sustained increase in domestic investment.
"The ranks of the brigadmil are strengthening": the role of the public in protection of law and order in the 1940-60s.
Authors: Popova A. D. 
Published: September 2022

The article analyzes the role militia assistance brigades and people’s squads played in the preservation of social order and in anti-crime campaigns in the 1940s-1960s. The author investigates archival materials and militia-issued newspapers. The author maintains that during the investigated period, the authorities did their best to encourage community to main-tain law and order, which was necessitated by staff shortages. The analysis of historical documents enables the author to identify a whole number of tasks performed by militia assistance brigades such as street patrolling, crime prevention, criminal detention. The article shows what propaganda tools were used by Soviet militia officers to involve Soviet community groups in the preservation of law and order. The author focuses on the transformation of people’s squads and their tasks and maintains that militia assistance brigades gradually grew inefficient because of bureaucracy.
DEPRESSED AREAS: MAIN TYPES AND MECHANISMS OF FORMATION
Authors: Суздалева А.Л. 
Published: September 2022

В статье приводится классификация депрессивных пространств различного масштаба и происхождения. Рассмотрены факторы процесса деградации городской среды. Определены основные причины образования депрессивных пространств.
Classification of depressed areas of different scales and origin is given. Factors of urban environment degradation process are considered. The main reasons for the formation of depressed areas have been identified.
ASSESSMENT OF COMPLIANCE OF MARKET SAMPLES OF ESDN WITH THE CONTENT OF NICOTINE IN THE LIQUID TO THE REQUIREMENTS OF REGULATORY DOCUMENTS
Authors: Лушникова А.Ю. , Пережогина Т.А. , Панков Н.А. , Дурунча Н.А. 
Published: September 2022

Быстрый рост такой инновационной продукции как электронные системы доставки никотина, содержащей никотин, но не относящейся к табачным изделиям, обусловлен, по заявлению производителя, низким потенциальным риском для организма потребителя по сравнению с традиционной сигаретой.В статье приведен обзор рыночной продукции ЭСДН по содержанию никотина в жидкости. Химический анализ показал, что уровень фактического содержания никотина не соответствует заявленному на упаковке как в большую, так и в меньшую сторону от уровня, указанного в ФЗ – №15.
The rapid growth of innovative products such as electronic nicotine delivery systems, which contain nicotine but are not tobacco products, is due, according to the manufacturer, to the low potential risk to the consumer body compared to the traditional cigarette.The article provides an overview of ESDN market products based on the nicotine content of the liquid. Chemical analysis showed that the level of actual nicotine content does not correspond to the stated on the package, both upward and downward from the level specified in the Federal Law – № 15.
DEVELOPMENT OF A NEW CHEMICAL PURIFICATION METHOD FOR OIL CONTAINING INDUSTRIAL WASTE WATER
Authors: Ракида Н.М. 
Published: September 2022

В указанных исследованиях по новому химическому методу в качестве коагулянта используется обладающий высокой степенью коагуляции Al2(SO4)3, и с помощью предложенного нового метода разложение нефтесодержащих сильнодисперсных водо-в-масле (гидрофобных) и масло-в-воде гидрофильных эмульсий было достигнуто даже при низких температурах. 100%-ная очистка нефтесодержащих промышленных сточных вод от нефти и взвешенных веществ достигнута при смешивании в качестве экстрагента преимущественно петролейного эфира (фракция бензиновой перегонки 40-700С) и смеси растворов [5% Al2(SO4)3 + 5% NaOH (соотношение 1:6)]. При этом вода стала полностью прозрачной. Поэтому глубокая очистка нефтесодержащих ПСВ от нефти и взвешенных веществ новым разработанным химическим методом может считаться научно важной с точки зрения экологии и экономики. Таким образом, доказана возможность очистки ПСВ от 100 тонн сырой нефти и возврата ее в производство в течение месяца, а также предотвращения сброса нефтесодержащих ПСВ в море.
Al2(SO4)3, which has a high degree of coagulation mainly used in this study for the new chemical method, and the decomposition of oil-containing strong dispersed water-in oil (hydrophobic) and oil-in water hydrophilic emulsions even at low temperatures has been accomplished by this new developed method. 100% purification of oil and suspended substances in the oil IWW has been achieved by mixing primarily petroleum ether as an extractant (40-700C) fraction of gasoline distillation) and the mixture of solutions [5% Al2(SO4)3+5% NaOH (1:6 ratio)] as a coagulant by this new chemical method developed by us. At the same time, water has been completely transparentized. That is why the deep purification of oil-containing IWW from oil and suspended substances by new developed chemical methods can be considered scientifically important in terms of ecology and economy. Thus, it has been proved that it is possible to purify IWW from 100 tons of crude oil and return it to production again within a month and prevent the discharge of oil-containing IWW into the sea.
Godaan Praktik Binary Option Berkedok Investasi Dan Trading
Authors: Lestari Rohmini Indah , Arifin Zaenal 
Published: September 2022

<p align="center"> </p><p>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji keberadaan praktik <em>operator binary option</em> yang dianggap ilegal di Indonesia. Melakukan investigasi faktor yang melatarbelakangi keberadaan praktik tidak etis yang dilakukan oleh operator <em>binary option</em> yang menimbulkan kerugian pemegang opsi. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan yuridis normatif. Hasil dari penelitian ini menjelaskan bahwa <em>binary option</em> bukan merupakan instrument investasi atau trading. Terdapat kelemahan regulasi dalam mengatur mengenai <em>binary option</em>. Belum ada sanksi hukum yang tegas bagi penyelenggara binary option. Yang dianggap bertindak tidak etis adalah para afiliator dan atau <em>influencer</em>, sehingga afiliator yang memperoleh sanksi hukum. Masih rendahnya tingkat literasi keuangan digital di Indonesia menyebabkan masyarakat sering tergoda iming-iming return tinggi. Mereka belum bisa membedakan antara investasi, <em>trading</em> dan binary option. Penelitian ini juga mengemukakan bahwa metode <em>affiliate marketing </em>digunakan untuk mengambil hati para pemegang opsi. Strategi <em>framing</em> dan <em>flexing</em> berhasil menggoda mereka dalam kondisi tingkat literasi keuangan digital di Indonesia masih rendah.Kebaruan dari penelitian ini berupa penjelasan tentang praktik operator <em>binary option</em> sebagai permainan <em>zero-sum, </em>bukan merupakan investasi maupun <em>trading.</em></p><p> </p><p>This study aims to examine the existence of binary options operator practices considered illegal in Indonesia. Conduct an investigation of the factors behind the existence of unethical practices by binary options operators that cause losses to option holders. This study uses a normative juridical approach. The results of this study explain that binary options are not investment or trading instruments. There are regulatory weaknesses in regulating binary options. There are no strict legal sanctions for binary options operators. Those who are considered to be acting unethically are affiliates and or influencers, so affiliates will receive legal sanctions. The low level of digital financial literacy in Indonesia causes people to be tempted by the lure of high returns. They have not been able to distinguish between investing, trading, and binary options. This study also suggests that affiliate marketing methods are used to win the hearts of option holders. The framing and flexing strategies succeeded in tempting them because the level of digital financial literacy in Indonesia is still low. The novelty of this research is an explanation of the practice of binary options operators as a zero-sum game, not an investment or trading.</p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong><br clear="all" /></strong></p>
STRATEGI PENGELOLAAN KEUANGAN IMK SEKTOR MAKANAN BERBASIS KETELA
Authors: Wibowo Bonifatius Junianto , Supriyanto Ignatius , Kurniasari Widuri 
Published: September 2022

<p><em><span>The cassava-based food business in Kendal Regency has the potential to develop, especially in the villages of Limbangan, Patehan and Kalibareng. This study aims to reveal the financial strategy in business management which is one of the determinants of business success. The data required is primary data related to internal and external factors that determine business financial management. The data were obtained through in-depth interviews with 10 IMK actors. The data were analyzed using descriptive techniques and SWOT analysis. The findings show that the strength of internal factors is in the form of selling prices according to market prices and business transactions through savings accounts. While the weaknesses include simple financial administration, insufficient capital, inaccurate production cost calculations, no financial planning, fully cash payment terms, and no separation of business finances from households. Meanwhile, opportunities from external factors are in the form of marketing certainty and financial support from the community. Threats include business competition and volatile cassava prices. This study recommends a financial management strategy for IMK actors in the cassava-based processed food sector .The strategy is a combination of Aggressive, Turnaround, Diversification and defensive strategies.</span></em></p><p>Usaha makanan berbasis ketela di Kabupaten Kendal cukup berpotensi untuk berkembang, terutama di desa Limbangan, Patehan dan Kalibareng. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap strategi keuangan dalam pengelolaan usaha yang menjadi salah satu penentu kesuksesan usaha.Sampel Penelitian adalah 10 pelaku IMK sektor makanan olahan berbasis ketela di desa Limbangan, Patehan dan Kalibareng. Data yang diperlukan berupa data primer terkait dengan faktor internal maupun faktor eksternal yang menentukkan pengelolaan keuangan usaha. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara mendalam terhadap 10 pelaku IMK.Data dianalisis menggunakan tehnik deskriptif dan analisa SWOT. Hasil temuan menunjukkan bahwa kekuatan dari faktor internal berupa harga jual sesuai harga pasar dan transaksi usaha melalui rekening tabungan. Sedangkan kelemahannya antara lain administrasi keuangan yang masih sederhana, modal belum memadai, perhitungan biaya produksi belum tepat, belum ada perencanaan keuangan, syarat pembayaran yang sepenuhnya tunai, dan belum ada pemisahan keuangan usaha dengan rumah tangga. Sementara, kesempatan dari faktor eksternal berupa kepastian pemasaran maupun adanya dukungan keuangan dari masyarakat. Ancamannya antara lain adanya persaingan usaha serta harga ketela yang masih fluktuatif. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan strategi pengelolaan keuangan bagi pelaku IMK sektor makanan olahan berbasis ketela.Strategi tersebut merupakan kombinasi strategi Agresif, Turnaround, Diversifikasi dan defensif</p>
PERAN KECERDASAN SPIRITUAL, INTELEKTUAL, DAN KOMITMEN AFEKTIF BAGI PENINGKATAN KINERJA SDM
Authors: Mujianto Gideon , Harahap Pahlawansjah , Santoso Djoko 
Published: September 2022

<p><em>The purpose of this study was to analyze the influence of spiritual intelligence and intellectual intelligence on HR performance with affective commitment as a mediating variable. The population of this study were all educators or education staff of Krista Mitra Semarang, totaling 69 people using the census method. The data collection method in this study used a questionnaire. The data analysis method used in this research is path analysis. The results show that spiritual intelligence has an effect on affective commitment. Intellectual intelligence has an effect on affective commitment. Affective commitment has an effect on HR performance. Spiritual intelligence has an effect on HR performance. Intellectual intelligence on HR performance. Affective commitment can mediate the influence of spiritual intelligence and intellectual intelligence on HR performance.</em></p><p><em>Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pengaruh kecerdasan spiritual dan kecerdasan intelektual terhadap kinerja SDM dengan komitmen afektif sebagai variabel mediasi. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh Tenaga pendidik atau kependidikan Krista Mitra Semarang yang berjumlah 69 orang dengan metode sensus. Metode pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini mengunakan kuesioner. Metode analisis data yang digunakan dalam penetian ini adalah analisis jalur (path analisis).Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kecerdasan spiritual berpengaruh terhadap komitmen afektif. Kecerdasan intelektual berpengaruh terhadap komitmen afektif. Komitmen afektif berpengaruh terhadap kinerja SDM. Kecerdasan spiritual berpengaruh terhadap kinerja SDM. Kecerdasan intelektual terhadap kinerja SDM. Komitmen afektif dapat memediasi pengaruh kecerdasan spiritual dan kecerdasan intelektual terhadap kinerja SDM</em></p>
ANALYSIS OF THE BOND REPO MARKET IN INDONESIA
Authors: Aditya Kemal 
Published: September 2022

<p>This paper aims to examine the role of local currency bond markets repo in Indonesia s financial market. The role of Bond Repo in Indonesia is mainly for central bank monetary operation and short-term liquidity management by banks. The counterparties in the Indonesia repo market are predominantly the Indonesian central bank and banks. Based on the nature of the transactions and the range of market participants, the bond repo market in Indonesia is still in an early stage of development. This paper also aims to explain the pricing phenomenon of the interbank repo market versus interbank call money in Indonesia Based on market data we have collected from 2016 until June 2021, General Collateral repo rates are priced at a similar level or occasionally higher compared to interbank call money. Repo market research in other countries in Asia has been used as literature reference to help explain the behavior. Factors such as excess liquidity condition, market segmentation, limited market participation, and high dependency on other money market instruments may have influenced this situation.</p><p> </p><table width="594" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tbody><tr><td valign="top" width="461"><p> </p><p><em>Penelitian ini mengkaji peran repo obligasi rupiah pada pasar finansial di Indonesia. Peran utama repo obligasi pada pasar finansial di Indonesia adalah sebagai instrumen operasi moneter bank sentral dan instrument pengelolaan likuiditas jangka pendek bank. Pelaku pasar repo di Indonesia didominasi oleh bank sentral dan bank. Berdasarkan pengamatan atas penggunaan transaksi dan sebaran pelaku pasar, repo obligasi di Indonesia termasuk dalam tahap awal pengembangan. Penelitian ini juga mencoba menjelaskan kondisi penetapan harga pasar repo antar bank versus pasar uang antar bank di Indonesia. Berdasarkan data pasar sejak tahun 2016 hingga Juni 2021, tingkat bunga repo General Collateral berada pada level yang sama atau terkadang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan pasar uang antar bank. Penelitian pasar repo di negara Asia lainnya digunakan sebagai referensi literatur untuk membantu menjelaskan kondisi tersebut. Faktor-faktor yaitu kondisi ekses likuiditas, segmentasi pasar, terbatasnya peserta pasar, dan ketergantungan yang tinggi pada instrumen pasar uang lainnya telah mempengaruhi terciptanya situasi dimaksud.</em></p></td></tr></tbody></table>
THE PURCHASE POWER OF THE COMMUNITY AND GOVERNMENT SUBSIDIES ON MSME PRODUCTION PERFORMANCE IN THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Ariwibowo Prasetio , Endaryono Bakti Toni 
Published: September 2022

<p><em>This study was conducted to find out how much influence the purchasing power of the people and government subsidies have in maintaining the existence of MSME entrepreneurs during the Covid-19 pandemic which has been running for almost 2 years. The total sample of this research is 100 MSME entrepreneurs in Jakarta and Bogor Regency by purposive sampling who are engaged in the food and beverage sector. Descriptive quantitative method with analytical test tools using SEM-PLS 3.0. with the analysis technique carried out, namely descriptive analysis, inferential analysis, validity test, reliability test, R-square test, T-test and F-test. The results of data analysis obtained in this study are that in the middle of the condition of people's purchasing power, it simultaneously affects performance. MSME production and subsidies from the government have no simultaneous effect on MSME revenue performance during the Covid-19 pandemic. Simultaneously, brand image and price affect purchasing decisions.</em></p><p><em>Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh kekuatan daya beli masyarakat dan subsidi pemerintah dalam mempertahankan eksistensi pengusaha UMKM di masa pandemi Covid-19 yang sudah berjalan selama hampir 2 tahun, khususnya di bidang pendapatan usaha. Total sampel dari penelitian ini adalah 100 pengusaha UMKM di Jakarta dan Kabupaten Bogor secara purposive sampling yang bergerak di sektor makanan dan minuman. Metode kuantitatif deskriptif dengan alat uji analisis menggunakan SEM-PLS 3.0. dengan teknik analisis yang dilakukan yaitu analisis deskriptif, analisis inferensial, Uji validitas, Uji Reliabilitas, Uji R-Square, Uji -T dan Uji F. Hasil analisis data yang diperoleh pada penelitian ini yaitu di tengah kondisi daya beli masyarakat berpengaruh secara simultan terhadap kinerja produksi UMKM dan subsidi dari pemerintah tidak berpengaruh secara simultan terhadap kinerja pendapatan UMKM di masa pandemi di masa Covid-19. Secara simultan, citra merek dan harga berpengaruh terhadap keputusan pembelian</em></p>
Pengaruh Struktur Modal Terhadap Return Saham Melalui Manajemen Risiko dan Total Efisiensi Manajemen
Authors: Annisa Auliyana Yanuar , Supramono Supramono , Indarto Indarto 
Published: September 2022

<p><em>This research aims to analyze the effect of Capital Structure on Stock Return with Risk Management and Total Management Efficiency as Intervening Variables so that it aims to determine the factors influencing Stock Return that investors need to pay attention to in determining their investment decisions. The population used in this study are banking companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange which are included in the Infobank15 index for the period July-December 2019. The sampling technique used is purposive sampling. The analytical tool used is SPSS Version 25. The results of this research indicate that the Stock Return is only able to be significantly influenced by Total Management Efficiency. The Capital Structure is not able to significantly influence Risk Management, but is able to significantly influence Total Management Efficiency. The intervening variables of Risk Management and Total Management Efficiency are both unable to mediate the relationship between Capital Structure and Stock Return.</em></p><p><em>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh Struktur Modal terhadap <em>Return</em><em> </em>Saham dengan Manajemen Risiko dan Total Efisiensi Manajemen sebagai <em>Intervening Variable</em> sehingga bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor pengaruh <em>Return</em><em> </em>Saham yang perlu diperhatikan investor untuk menentukan keputusan investasinya. Populasi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah perusahaan perbankan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia yang termasuk dalam indeks Infobank15 periode Juli-Desember 2019. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan yaitu <em>purposive sampling</em><em>. </em>Alat analisis yang digunakan adalah SPSS Versi 25. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa <em>Return</em><em> </em>Saham hanya mampu dipengaruhi secara signifikan oleh Total Efisiensi Manajemen. Struktur Modal tidak mampu mempengaruhi secara signifikan terhadap Manajemen Risiko, tetapi mampu mempengaruhi secara signifikan terhadap Total Efisensi Manajemen. Variabel intervening Manajemen Risiko dan Total Efisiensi Manajemen keduanya tidak mampu memediasi hubungan antara Struktur Modal dan <em>Return</em><em> </em>Saham.</em></p>