bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intra‐abdominal and perineal pressures during abdominal exercises: A cross sectional study in postpartum women
Authors: Djivoh Yollande Sènan , De Jaeger Dominique 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAimsLow intra‐abdominal pressure (IAP) and high perineal pressure (PP) are safe conditions for pelvic floor. This study aims to measure IAP and PP in Beninese post‐partum women during abdominal exercises and determine what exercise presents less risk for pelvic floor after delivery.MethodsIAP and PP were measured at rest and during exercises performed in random order: Cough, pelvic floor contraction (PFC), Curl‐up, diaphragmatic aspiration (DA), Drawing‐in, DA + Curl‐up and Drawing‐in+Curl‐up, using a Micro‐Full biofeedback PHENIX‐Vivaltis with dual‐channel probe. Results were presented as change from rest (maximal value during exercise minus value at rest) and expressed in percentage of this change for the reference exercise, Cough for IAP and PFC for PP. The ANOVA repeated measures test was used to compare pressures between exercises.ResultsSeventeen postpartum women participated to this study. The maximal IAP and PP change were the highest (100%), respectively, during cough and PFC. During DA, IAP was the lowest (−7%) and PP was 51%. During Curl‐up, IAP was moderate (43%) and significantly higher than during PFC (33%), Drawing‐in (16%) and DA. PP was low (29%) and similar to that during Drawing‐in (23%). Compared to Curl‐up, Drawing‐in+Curl‐up increased PP (50%) but did not decrease IAP (40%). DA + Curl‐up increased PP (58%) and decreased IAP (31%) compared to Curl‐up but not compared to DA.ConclusionDA is safe and Curl‐up presents little risk for the pelvic floor. According to interindividual variations observed in IAP and PP, intrinsic factors should be considered in future studies.
A test of differential susceptibility in behavior trajectories of preterm infants from preschool to adulthood
Authors: Kelly Michelle M. , Arcoleo Kimberly , D'Agata Amy L. , Sullivan Mary C. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPreterm birth predisposes children to internalizing and externalizing behaviors that may persist into adolescence resulting in adult mental health conditions. Social and caregiving contexts, particularly for vulnerable infants born preterm, influence long‐term outcomes, but mechanisms are not clearly understood. Healthcare teams caring for those born preterm face difficulty predicting who will be most affected by risk, who will most benefit, and the optimal timing of intervention. Differential susceptibility theory offers an alternative to the traditional risk‐only assessments and theories by positing that individuals may be more, or less, susceptible to environmental influences. A sample of preterm‐ and term‐born infants were followed from birth to 23 years of age. Mixed model repeated measures analyses of internalizing and externalizing behaviors were utilized for the comparison groups (N = 214; observations = 1070). Environmental contexts were indexed as proximal protection (low, moderate, high) and medical risk (low, moderate, high). Personal characteristic covariates of sex, race, socioeconomic status, and cognition were modeled. Internalizing behavior trajectories varied significantly over time. Early proximal protective environments conferred a sustained positive influence on behaviors. There is partial support for differential susceptibility theory suggesting that prematurity, as a malleability characteristic enables absorption of both the positive and negative influences of the environment, with greater intensity that those without malleability. The current analyses suggest lasting effects of the preschool age proximal environment on internalizing and externalizing behaviors in young adulthood for those born preterm. Understanding these nuances may aid healthcare professionals in the promotion and timing of interventions to support the child and family. The current manuscript reflects ongoing analyses of longitudinal data. No patient or public contribution to the analyses were required for testing the differential susceptibility theory. The authors would solicit patient or public contribution when implementing practice or policy changes based on the results.
Stimuli‐accelerated polymeric drug delivery systems
Authors: Rust Tarik , Jung Dimitri , Langer Klaus , Kuckling Dirk 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe controlled delivery of active pharmaceutical ingredients to the site of disease represents a major challenge in drug therapy. Particularly when drugs have to be transported across biological barriers, suitable drug delivery systems are of importance. In recent years responsive delivery systems have been developed which enable a controlled drug release depending on internal or external stimuli such as changes in pH, redox environment or light and temperature. In some studies delivery systems with reactivity against two different stimuli were established either to enhance the response by synergies of the stimuli or to broaden the window of possible trigger events. In the present review numerous exciting developments of pH‐, light‐ and redox‐cleavable polymers suitable for the preparation of smart delivery systems are described. The review discusses the different stimuli that can be used for a controlled drug release of polymer‐based delivery systems. It puts a focus on the different polymers described for the preparation of stimuli‐sensitive systems, their preparation techniques as well as their stimuli‐responsive degradation. © 2022 The Authors. Polymer International published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Industrial Chemistry.
Parametric investigations on plasma‐activated conversion of CH4–CH3OH to C2–C4 alcohols by nanosecond pulsed discharge
Authors: Li Jiacong , Gao Yuan , Dou Liguang , Zhang Cheng , Du Jun , Shao Tao 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe single‐step conversion of CH4 to higher alcohols without catalyst or complex processing is the dream solution both in C1 chemistry and the chemical industry. Here, an innovative synthesis of higher alcohols from CH4–CH3OH was driven by a highly flexible nanosecond pulsed plasma. Experimental results showed that the products distribution was strongly correlated with the electric field variation and reactants composition, and the maximum conversion of CH4 (35.9%) and CH3OH (77.4%) were obtained at the CH4/Ar ratio of 1:2. Interestingly, the addition of H2O and H2O2 effectively promoted the C2–C4 alcohols selectivity up to 19.4%. In addition, optical diagnostics were used to obtain active species distribution and integrated insights into the C–C coupling of higher alcohols generation. A possible reaction mechanism of CH4–CH3OH plasma was also discussed.
Wolbachia‐infected Trichogramma dendrolimi is outcompeted by its uninfected counterpart in superparasitism but does not have developmental delay
Authors: Zhou Jin‐Cheng , Shang Dan , Liu Shi‐Meng , Zhang Chen , Huo Liang‐Xiao , Zhang Li‐Sheng , Dong Hui 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDWolbachia infection increases the superparasitism frequency of Trichogramma females and provides an opportunity for horizontal intraspecific transmission. However, superparasitism may lead to interstrain competition between Wolbachia‐infected Trichogramma offspring and their uninfected counterparts. This study investigated the outcome of interstrain intrinsic competition between Wolbachia‐infected thelytokous strain (W) and uninfected bisexual strain (B) of Trichogramma dendrolimi. To determine the developmental rate of both strains, the sizes of immature stages of T. dendrolimi offspring at different times after parasitisation were measured in single parasitism and superparasitism conditions.RESULTSThe results reflect increased superparasitism by Wolbachia‐infected females compared with uninfected females. Trichogramma females did not discriminate between host eggs previously parasitised by either B or W females. When the first oviposition was performed by B females, the B offspring outcompeted W offspring deposited later. Although when W offspring was deposited 8 h earlier than the B offspring, it gained no advantage over B offspring. Regardless of parasitism conditions, differences in the development rate between W and B offspring were not significant.CONCLUSIONThe results reconfirmed that W females presented a higher tendency for superparasitism than B females, and showed that B offspring outcompeted W offspring even when the latter was deposited 8 h earlier. The inferiority of Wolbachia‐infected Trichogramma compared with their uninfected counterparts is not due to the developmental delay. This study provides insights into the effects of intrinsic competition on the control efficacy of Wolbachia‐infected Trichogramma against pests in biological control programs. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Investigation of cytochrome P450 inhibitory properties of deoxyshikonin, a bioactive compound from Lithospermum erythrorhizon Sieb. et Zucc
Authors: Zhang Yuanjin , Gao Jing , Xu Yuan , Liu Jie , Huang Shengbo , Li Guihong , Yao Bingyi , Sun Zhenliang , Wang Xin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDeoxyshikonin, a natural naphthoquinone compound extracted from Lithospermum erythrorhizon Sieb. et Zucc (Boraginaceae), has a wide range of pharmacological activities, including anti‐tumor, anti‐bacterial and wound healing effects. However, the inhibitory effect of deoxyshikonin on cytochrome P450 (CYP) remains unclear. This study investigated the potential inhibitory effects of deoxyshikonin on CYP1A2, 2B1/6, 2C9/11, 2D1/6, 2E1 and 3A2/4 enzymes in human and rat liver microsomes (HLMs and RLMs) by the cocktail approach in vitro. The single‐point inactivation experiment showed that deoxyshikonin presented no time‐dependent inhibition on CYP activities in HLMs and RLMs. Enzyme inhibition kinetics indicated that in HLMs, deoxyshikonin was not only a competitive inhibitor of CYP1A2 and 2E1, but also a mixed inhibitor of CYP2B6, 2C9, 2D6 and 3A4, with Ki of 2.21, 1.78, 1.68, 0.20, 4.08 and 0.44 μM, respectively. In RLMs, deoxyshikonin not only competitively inhibited CYP2B1 and 2E1, but also exhibited mixed inhibition on CYP1A2, 2C11, 2D1 and 3A2, with Ki values of no more than 18.66 μM. In conclusion, due to the low Ki values of deoxythiokonin on CYP enzymes in HLMs, this may lead to drug–drug interactions (DDI) and potential toxicity.
Tropical‐wave activity and Madden–Julian oscillation termination
Authors: Chrisler Brett , Stachnik Justin P. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) is the dominant mode of intraseasonal variability in the tropics and generates large‐scale precipitation, cloud, and circulation anomalies. Interactions between the MJO and dry and convectively coupled equatorial waves (CCEWs) have been identified in previous works; however, these studies have not focused on MJO events that maintain themselves versus those that decay. Knowledge on how pre‐existing MJO events interact with CCEWs is important for producing more realistic and reliable representations of MJO events in weather forecast and global climate models. This study presents an analysis of intraseasonally varying outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) and zonal wind anomalies at 200 and 850 hPa from National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) observations and ERA‐Interim reanalysis data respectively, throughout the lifetime of observed MJO events. A climatology of continuing and terminating MJO events is created from an event identification algorithm using common tracking indices including the OLR‐based MJO Index (OMI), filtered OMI (FMO), real‐time multivariate MJO (RMM), and velocity potential MJO (VPM) index. Wheeler–Kiladis power spectra are calculated for each event type to identify predominant wave modes. Symmetric and anti‐symmetric wave spectra are composited and results include the sensitivity of the variables used to define the waves and index choice for identifying the MJO. Our results show fractional differences between continuing and terminating MJO events that are statistically significant at the 95% level. Statistical significance is most prominent within the MJO band where continuing events have higher power, as well as global mixed Rossby–gravity (MRG) waves and tropical depression (TD) waves where terminating events have higher power. These results are mostly robust to meteorological variable and index although the importance of Kelvin waves is amplified in the VPM. A regional analysis including phase separation contains results that are sensitive to variable and domain although westward traveling waves are commonly associated with MJO termination regardless of location.
3D electrochemical technique with biowaste nano zerovalent iron granular electrodes for cationic dyes removal from aqueous solution
Authors: Alnasrawy Shaimaa Taleb 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this study, biowaste nano zerovalent iron (NZFe) was synthesized by a simple procedure from banana peel extract and was utilized, for the first time, as granular third electrodes in the 3D electrochemical system for cationic dyes removal. The aim of this study is to detect the efficacy of the synthesized biowaste NZFe as a granular third electrode for cationic dyes removal. The physical and chemical properties of the synthesized NZFe were determined using scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared, and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area analysis. An electrochemical cell with graphite as anode and stainless steel as cathode was used. A 3D electrochemical system with NZFe as granular third electrodes was found to be more efficient than a 2D electrochemical system for removing cationic dyes from an aqueous solution. The highest removal rates of methyl green and basic blue 41 under the optimum operating conditions (NZFe dose of 2 g/L, pH of 5, electrolysis time of 35 min, 0.3 g/L [Na2SO4], current density of 50 mA/cm2, and dye concentration of 100 mg/L) were 98.8% and 97.1%, respectively. The potential mechanism of the removal of cationic dyes utilizing the 3D electrochemical system with the NZFe as granular third electrodes was proposed.
Interprofessional simulation training for perinatal mental health: A mixed methods study
Authors: Camerlynck Marie‐Frederique , Saunders Aleks , Attoe Chris , Williams Leonie , Cross Sean , Wilson Catherine 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the effectiveness of high‐fidelity interprofessional simulation on improving self‐efficacy of healthcare staff caring for individuals with perinatal mental health (PNMH) problems.MethodsThis study employed a mixed methods, quasi‐experimental intervention design. Participants were 240 doctors, nurses, midwives, and other clinical and nonclinical healthcare professionals recruited to partake in the study during their time undertaking the course. The course took place in a simulation centre, re‐creating high fidelity scenarios of a woman's pathway of treatment in perinatal mental health care. The course consisted of six simulated scenarios using trained actors to portray patients with common perinatal mental health presentations. Participants each took part in and observed at least 1–2 scenarios and all subsequently engaged in reflective group debriefs.Main Outcome MeasuresThe Human Factor Skills for Healthcare Instrument (HFSHI), measuring self‐efficacy in human factors skills, and a scale developed for this study—the Course Specific Question Scale (CSQ)—to measure changes in knowledge, skills and confidence on course‐specific learning objectives were used for pre‐ and post‐data. A post‐course evaluation form was used for gathering qualitative data on learning and course experience.ResultsParticipants expressed improvements in interprofessional collaboration, emotional awareness, reflection, communication and attitudes towards perinatal mental health following the course. Improvements in self‐efficacy alongside skills, knowledge and confidence regarding perinatal mental health care were also found.ConclusionsFindings suggest potential benefits of simulation training for perinatal mental health to improve self‐efficacy, knowledge and clinical practice. More research is needed to fully assess interprofessional simulation training in PNMH and the long‐term impact of training on clinical practice.
The impact of oocyte death on mouse primordial follicle formation and ovarian reserve
Authors: Umeno Ken , Sasaki Ayana , Kimura Naoko 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundOvaries, the source of oocytes, maintain the numbers of primordial follicles, develop oocytes for fertilization and embryonic development. Although it is well known that about two‐thirds of oocytes are lost during the formation of primordial follicles through cyst fragmentation and the aggregation of oocytes within the cyst, the mechanism responsible for this remains unclear.MethodsWe provide an overview of cell death that is associated with the oocyte cyst breakdown and primordial follicle assembly along with our recent findings for mice that had been treated with a TNFα ligand inhibitor.Main FindingsIt is generally accepted that apoptosis is the major mechanism responsible for the depletion of germ cells. In fact, a gene deficiency or the overexpression of apoptosis regulators can have a great effect on follicle numbers and/or fertility. Apoptosis, however, may not be the only cause of the large‐scale oocyte attrition during oocyte cyst breakdown, and other mechanisms, such as aggregation, may also be involved in this process.ConclusionThe continued study of oocyte death during primordial follicle formation could lead to the development of novel strategies for manipulating the primordial follicle pool, leading to improved fertility by enhancing the ovarian reserve.
Fixed‐time output regulation of linear delay systems by smooth time‐varying control
Authors: Li Haifang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis article investigates the fixed‐time output regulation problem (FxTORP) for linear systems in the presence of input delay. A linear controller consisting of the linear periodic delayed feedback (PDF) gain and the feedforward gain obtained by solving regulator equations is designed, such that FxTORP is addressed. If only the measurable output can be used for feedback, a linear observer with periodic coefficient and artificial delay is designed so that its state converges to the state of the augmented system at a prescribed finite time. Based on the estimated state, the output regulation problem can also be solved by using observer‐based output feedback. The most significant advantages of this article are that the PDF gain can be taken as smooth and the output regulation problem is achieved within a prespecified regulation time. Finally, a simulation example is given to substantiate the validity of the proposed approaches.
Surface‐Mediated Production of Complexed •OH Radicals and FeO Species as a Mechanism for Iron Oxide Peroxidase‐Like Nanozymes
Authors: Wan Kaiwei , Jiang Bing , Tan Ting , Wang Hui , Liang Minmin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractFe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) with intrinsic peroxidase‐like properties have attracted significant interest, although limited information is available on the definite catalytic mechanism. Here, it is shown that both complexed hydroxyl radicals (•OH) and high‐valent FeO species are attributed primarily to the peroxidase‐like catalytic activity of Fe3O4 NPs under acid conditions rather than only being caused by free •OH radicals generated through the iron‐driven Fenton/Haber–Weiss reactions as previously thought. The low energy barrier of OO bond dissociation of H2O2/•OOH (0.14 eV) and the high oxidation activity of surface FeO (0 eV) due to the reduced state of Fe on the surface of Fe3O4 NPs thermodynamically favor both the •OH and FeO pathways. By contrast, high‐valent FeO species are the key intermediates in the catalytic cycles of natural peroxidase enzymes. Moreover, it is demonstrated that the enzyme‐like activity of Fe3O4 NPs can be rationally regulated by modulating the size, surface structure, and valence of active metal atoms in the light of this newly proposed nanozyme catalytic mechanism.
Zero‐Strain Insertion Anode Material of Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Li Zhenbang , Tian Fei , Li Yan , Lei Danni , Wang Chengxin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe insertion type materials are the most important anode materials for lithium‐ion batteries, but their insufficient capacity is the bottleneck of practical application. Here, LiAl5O8 nanowires with high theoretical capacity and Li‐ions diffusion coefficient are prepared and studied as an insertion anode material, which exhibits zero‐strain properties upon electrochemical cycling. However, the poor electronic conductivity of LiAl5O8 definitely sacrifices the capacity and limits the rate performance. Therefore, compact LiAl5O8 and carbon composite are further synthesized, in which nanosized LiAl5O8 particles are uniformly embedded in an amorphous carbon matrix. It displays a reversible capacity of 490.9 mAh g−1 at 1 A g−1, and the capacity rises continuously to 996.8 mAh g−1 after 1000 cycles due to the interfacial storage mechanism, that the excess Li+ ions can be accommodated in the grain boundaries and C/LiAl5O8 interfaces.
Demystifying quantum blockchain for healthcare
Authors: Kaushik Keshav , Kumar Adarsh 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe healthcare industry and the battle against the COVID‐19 pandemic are two areas where blockchain technology might be useful. In this study, blockchain's significance is examined. Blockchain technology and related procedures will be used in future healthcare systems for collecting sensor data, automated patient monitoring, and safe data storage. Because it can store a large amount of data in a dispersed and secure way and provide access whenever and wherever it is needed, this technology greatly simplifies the process of carrying out activities. The advantages of quantum computing, such as the speed with which patients can be found and monitored, may be fully used with the help of quantum blockchain. Quantum blockchain is an additional resource that may be used to safeguard the veracity, integrity, and availability of stored information. Combining quantum computing with blockchain technology may allow faster and more secure medical information processing. In this research, the authors examine the potential uses of blockchain and quantum technology in the healthcare industry. Quantum technologies, blockchain‐based technologies, and other cutting‐edge ICTs (such as ratification intelligence, machine learning, drones, and so on) were investigated and contrasted in this article.
Wearable respiratory sensors for COVID‐19 monitoring
Authors: Chen Guorui , Shen Sophia , Tat Trinny , Zhao Xun , Zhou Yihao , Fang Yunsheng , Chen Jun 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSince its outbreak in 2019, COVID‐19 becomes a pandemic, severely burdening the public healthcare systems and causing an economic burden. Thus, societies around the world are prioritizing a return to normal. However, fighting the recession could rekindle the pandemic owing to the lightning‐fast transmission rate of SARS‐CoV‐2. Furthermore, many of those who are infected remain asymptomatic for several days, leading to the increased possibility of unintended transmission of the virus. Thus, developing rigorous and universal testing technologies to continuously detect COVID‐19 for entire populations remains a critical challenge that needs to be overcome. Wearable respiratory sensors can monitor biomechanical signals such as the abnormities in respiratory rate and cough frequency caused by COVID‐19, as well as biochemical signals such as viral biomarkers from exhaled breaths. The point‐of‐care system enabled by advanced respiratory sensors is expected to promote better control of the pandemic by providing an accessible, continuous, widespread, noninvasive, and reliable solution for COVID‐19 diagnosis, monitoring, and management.