bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On 2-Interval Pairwise Compatibility Properties of Two Classes of Grid Graphs
Authors: Papan Bishal Basak , Pranto Protik Bose , Rahman Md Saidur 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
A graph $G = (V,E)$ is called a pairwise compatibility graph (PCG) if it admits a tuple $(T, d_{min},d_{max})$ of an edge-weighted tree $T$ of non-negative edge weights with leaf set $L$, two non-negative real numbers $d_{min} \leq d_{max}$ such that each vertex $u^{\prime} \in V$ represents a leaf $u \in L$ and $G$ has an edge $(u^{\prime},v^{\prime}) \in E$ if and only if the distance between the two leaves $u$ and $v$ in the tree $T$ lies within interval $[d_{min}, d_{max}]$. It has been proven that not all graphs are PCGs. A graph $G$ is called a $k$-interval PCG if there exists an edge-weighted tree $T$ and $k$ mutually exclusive intervals of non-negative real numbers such that there is an edge between two vertices in $G$ if and only if the distance between their corresponding leaves in $T$ lies within any of the $k$ intervals. It is known that every graph $G$ is a $k$-interval PCG for $k=|E|$, where $E$ is the set of edges of $G$. It is thus interesting to know the smallest value of $k$ for which $G$ is a $k$-interval PCG. In this paper, we show that grid graphs and a subclass of $3$D grid graphs are $2$-interval PCGs.
An Improved Self Attention Mechanism Based on Optimized BERT-BiLSTM Model for Accurate Polarity Prediction
Authors: Shobana J , Murali M 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Polarity prediction is the field of study that discovers people’s opinions, feelings, assessments, perspectives and feelings about associations and their attributes as communicated in written text. It is one of the most active research areas in the field of text mining. Nowadays online reviews play an important role by giving a helping hand to the customers to know about other customer’s opinions about the product they are going to purchase. This also guides the organizations and government sectors to increase their quality of product and services. Pre-trained BERT (Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers) is used for word embedding in this model. The fine-tuned BERT is used for better word representation which in turn improves the sentimental analysis classification accuracy. Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory classifier is utilized for polarity prediction. To enhance the performance of Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory, the weight parameters of Bi-directional LSTM are optimally selected by using APSO algorithm. Improved self-attention mechanism is added with BiLSTM for focusing on significant words in the context. For performance analysis, four bench mark datasets are used for experiments.
Smoking Behaviour Changes After Diagnosis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Risk of All-cause Mortality
Authors: Hua Xinwei , Lopes Emily W , Burke Kristin E , Ananthakrishnan Ashwin N , Richter James M , Lo Chun-Han , Lochhead Paul , Chan Andrew T , Khalili Hamed 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Background and Aims
We examined smoking behaviour changes after diagnoses of Crohn’s disease [CD] and ulcerative colitis [UC] and evaluated their impact on mortality.

Methods
Study population included incident CD or UC cases from three cohorts of the Nurses’ Health Study [NHS], NHSII, and Health Professionals Follow-up Study. Smoking and other risk factors were prospectively assessed. Smoking behaviour changes were categorised as never, former [i.e., quit smoking before diagnosis], quitters [i.e., quit smoking after diagnosis], and current [i.e., continue smoking after diagnosis]. Follow-up for date and cause of death was completed through linkage to the National Death Index. Cox proportional hazard regression was used to estimate hazard ratios [HRs] and 95% confidence intervals [CIs].

Results
Among 909 eligible CD and UC cases, 45% were never smokers, 38% were past smokers, and 16% were active smokers at the time of diagnosis. Among active smokers, 70% of patients with CD and 44% of patients with UC continued to smoke after diagnosis. In patients with CD, compared with current smokers, the multivariable-adjusted HRs [95% CI] of death were 0.19 [0.10 to 0.38] for never smokers, 0.31 [0.16 to 0.57] for former smokers, and 0.41 [0.18 to 0.93] for quitters. Similarly for UC, compared with current smokers, we observed a reduced risk of mortality for never smokers [HR = 0.23, 95% CI 0.10 to 0.51], former smokers [HR = 0.23, 95% CI 0.11 to 0.48], and quitters [HR = 0.28, 95% CI 0.11 to 0.72].

Conclusions
In three cohorts of health professionals, a substantial proportion of patients with new diagnosis of CD and UC and history of smoking continued to smoke after diagnosis. Smoking cessation around the time of diagnosis was associated with a significant reduction in mortality.
Sensitivities to Chill Durations and No-Chill Temperatures Regulating Eclosion Responses Differ Between Rhagoletis zephyria (Diptera: Tephritidae) and its Braconid Parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)
Authors: Yee Wee L , Goughnour Robert B , Forbes Andrew A , Milnes Joshua M , Feder Jeffrey L 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Seasonal temperatures select for eclosion timing of temperate insects and their parasitoids. In western North America, the fruit fly Rhagoletis zephyria Snow (Diptera: Tephritidae) is parasitized by the hymenopterous wasps Utetes lectoides (Gahan), an egg parasite, and Opius downesi Gahan, a larval parasite (both Braconidae). Eclosion of wasps should be timed with the presence of susceptible fly stages, but reports indicate U. lectoides ecloses in the absence of flies under no-chill conditions. Based on this, we tested the hypotheses that chill durations and no-chill temperatures both differentially regulate eclosion times of R. zephyria and its parasitic wasps. When fly puparia were chilled at ~3°C for 130–180 d, U. lectoides and O. downesi always eclosed on average later than flies. However, after 180-d chill, flies eclosed on average earlier than after 130- and 150-d chill, whereas eclosion times of U. lectoides and O. downesi were less or not affected by chill duration. When fly puparia were exposed to 20–22°C (no chill), U. lectoides eclosed before flies, with 88.9% of U. lectoides versus only 0.61% of flies eclosing. Taken together, findings show that eclosion times of flies are more sensitive to changes in chill duration than those of wasps. Flies are less sensitive than wasps to no-chill in that most flies do not respond by eclosing after no-chill while most wasps do. Our results suggest that shorter winters and longer summers due to climate change could cause mismatches in eclosion times of flies and wasps, with potentially significant evolutionary consequences.
Mechanical versus biological valve prostheses for left-sided infective endocarditis
Authors: Kahrovic Amila , Angleitner Philipp , Herkner Harald , Kocher Alfred , Ehrlich Marek , Laufer Günther , Andreas Martin 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Our aim was to analyse outcomes after implantation of mechanical versus biological valve prostheses in patients presenting with left-sided infective endocarditis.

METHODS
We conducted a retrospective single-centre cohort study, analysing adults requiring valve surgery for left-sided infective endocarditis between January 2009 and December 2018 at the Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Vienna. The primary outcome variable was all-cause mortality. Secondary outcome variables included the occurrence of a combined event (death, stroke, intracerebral bleeding or reoperation) and the risk of re-endocarditis.

RESULTS
Among 220 patients, 76 (34.5%) underwent mechanical valve replacement, while 144 (65.5%) underwent biological valve replacement. Recipients of mechanical valve prostheses were younger at the time of surgery and presented with lower European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation II values. In patients &lt;55 years of age, implantation of a mechanical valve prosthesis was independently associated with significantly lower risk of all-cause mortality (adjusted hazard ratio 0.35, 95% confidence interval 0.15–0.80, P = 0.013). Moreover, this group was at significantly lower risk of a combined event (adjusted hazard ratio 0.38, 95% confidence interval 0.19–0.76, P = 0.006). Implantation of a mechanical valve prosthesis was not associated with increased risk of re-endocarditis. The presence of an annular abscess significantly increased the risk of re-endocarditis (adjusted hazard ratio 3.06, 95% confidence interval 1.40–6.71, P = 0.005).

CONCLUSIONS
In patients presenting with left-sided infective endocarditis &lt;55 years of age, implantation of a mechanical valve prosthesis is associated with superior outcomes. A prospective randomized controlled trial is warranted to confirm these results.
Migrant Women’s Employment: International Turkish Migrants in Europe, Their Descendants, and Their Non-Migrant Counterparts in Turkey
Authors: Guveli Ayse , Spierings Niels 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
When compared with native-born women, migrant women have lower employment likelihoods. However, to reveal the relationship between migration and employment, migrant women need to be compared to those remaining in the origin regions and across generations. This study is the first to fill this gap by employing a dissimilation-from-origins and across-generations perspective. We test the hypothesis that migration to more welfare-state based and liberal contexts increase women’s employment likelihood among migrants and the second generation. The 2000 Families data enable a unique comparison of Turkish international migrants, including Turkish-origin women born in Europe, and their non-migrant counterparts from the same regions in Turkey. Furthermore, we theorize and test whether differences in employment are explained by differences in family composition, education, and culture (religiosity and gender attitudes). We find migration leads to a higher likelihood of paid employment for the second generation and international migrant women, in that order. Education and religiosity are the main explanatory factors for differences between non-migrants and the international migrants, including the second generation. Parenthood, while explaining differences between migrant and destination ‘native’ women, hardly explains differences between migrant women and their non-migrant counterparts. Overall, we find strong support for the hypothesis that migration increases women’s employment.
Nudging within learning health systems: next generation decision support to improve cardiovascular care
Authors: Chen Yang , Harris Steve , Rogers Yvonne , Ahmad Tariq , Asselbergs Folkert W. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe increasing volume and richness of healthcare data collected during routine clinical practice have not yet translated into significant numbers of actionable insights that have systematically improved patient outcomes. An evidence-practice gap continues to exist in healthcare. We contest that this gap can be reduced by assessing the use of nudge theory as part of clinical decision support systems (CDSS). Deploying nudges to modify clinician behaviour and improve adherence to guideline-directed therapy represents an underused tool in bridging the evidence-practice gap. In conjunction with electronic health records (EHRs) and newer devices including artificial intelligence algorithms that are increasingly integrated within learning health systems, nudges such as CDSS alerts should be iteratively tested for all stakeholders involved in health decision-making: clinicians, researchers, and patients alike. Not only could they improve the implementation of known evidence, but the true value of nudging could lie in areas where traditional randomized controlled trials are lacking, and where clinical equipoise and variation dominate. The opportunity to test CDSS nudge alerts and their ability to standardize behaviour in the face of uncertainty may generate novel insights and improve patient outcomes in areas of clinical practice currently without a robust evidence base.
Genetic basis of a spontaneous mutation’s expressivity
Authors: Schell Rachel , Hale Joseph J , Mullis Martin N , Matsui Takeshi , Foree Ryan , Ehrenreich Ian M 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Genetic background often influences the phenotypic consequences of mutations, resulting in variable expressivity. How standing genetic variants collectively cause this phenomenon is not fully understood. Here, we comprehensively identify loci in a budding yeast cross that impact the growth of individuals carrying a spontaneous missense mutation in the nuclear-encoded mitochondrial ribosomal gene MRP20. Initial results suggested that a single large effect locus influences the mutation’s expressivity, with 1 allele causing inviability in mutants. However, further experiments revealed this simplicity was an illusion. In fact, many additional loci shape the mutation’s expressivity, collectively leading to a wide spectrum of mutational responses. These results exemplify how complex combinations of alleles can produce a diversity of qualitative and quantitative responses to the same mutation.
ExTaxsI: an exploration tool of biodiversity molecular data
Authors: Agostinetto Giulia , Brusati Alberto , Sandionigi Anna , Chahed Adam , Parladori Elena , Balech Bachir , Bruno Antonia , Pescini Dario , Casiraghi Maurizio 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Background
The increasing availability of multi-omics data is leading to regularly revised estimates of existing biodiversity data. In particular, the molecular data enable novel species to be characterized and the information linked to those already observed to be increased with new genomics data. For this reason, the management and visualization of existing molecular data, and their related metadata, through the implementation of easy-to-use IT tools have become a key point to design future research. The more users are able to access biodiversity-related information, the greater the ability of the scientific community to expand its knowledge in this area.

Results
In this article we focus on the development of ExTaxsI (Exploring Taxonomy Information), an IT tool that can retrieve biodiversity data stored in NCBI databases and provide a simple and explorable visualization. We use 3 case studies to show how an efficient organization of the available data can lead to obtaining new information that is fundamental as a starting point for new research. Using this approach highlights the limits in the distribution of data availability, a key factor to consider in the experimental design phase of broad-spectrum studies such as metagenomics.

Conclusions
ExTaxsI can easily retrieve molecular data and its metadata with an explorable visualization, with the aim of helping researchers to improve experimental designs and highlight the main gaps in the coverage of available data.
Connected historiographies: cross-border exchanges on the French Revolution (U.S.S.R.–France, 1917–41)
Authors: Lancereau Guillaume 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This article explores the intellectual exchanges between France and Soviet Russia on the history of the French Revolution as a lens through which to reassess the importance of the international sphere in the making of these academic fields and schools of historical thought. It takes a relational perspective and draws on Russian and French archives and historical journals to avoid the pitfalls of methodological nationalism. While demonstrating just how much political repression constrained these cross-border exchanges on such a critical historical topic, the article investigates scientific internationalization in ways that recall present-day issues regarding cross-cultural co-operation, academic freedom and international scholarly reputations.
Transnational Business and Human Rights Litigation: An Imperialist Project?
Authors: Palombo Dalia 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Business and human rights litigators have increasingly attempted to hold to account parent companies incorporated in the west for the extraterritorial human rights abuses committed by their subsidiaries and supply chains in the global south. This has met with the criticisms of judges and scholars calling out such attempts as imperialists. The purpose of this article is to address this anti-imperialist critique in the context of the accountability of multinational enterprises. The anti-imperialist critique is based on three fallacies. First, the equal sovereign fallacy: the assumption that developing and developed states are equally able to hold multinationals to account. Second, the transnational commerce fallacy: the acceptance of the transnational use of western laws protecting a particular market or economy, but the refusal to apply the laws aimed at preventing or remediating human rights abuses committed by commercial actors extraterritorially. Third, the public/private divide fallacy: to consider multinational enterprises as purely private actors while ignoring that they were hybrid entities regulated by both private and public laws during colonial times.
The ‘beating-heart butterfly technique’ for repair of basal post-infarction ventricle septum defect
Authors: Mihalj Maks , Pasic Miralem , Carrel Thierry 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Ischaemic ventricular septal defect is a serious complication of acute myocardial infarction with poor outcome. We present the ‘beating-heart butterfly’ technique to close the ventricular septal defect with a double-layered pericardial patch sewn to the intact septum under beating-heart cardiopulmonary bypass in 4 highest-risk patients. This technique combined with a liberal postoperative mechanical circulatory support and open-chest treatment allowed excellent results with 12 months of survival in all patients.
Seasonal influenza vaccination in pharmacy in France: description and determinants of the vaccinated at-risk population using this service, 1 year after implementation
Authors: Liard Roxane , Souty Cécile , Guerrisi Caroline , Colizza Vittoria , Hanslik Thomas , Kengne Kuetche Charly , Turbelin Clément , Blanchon Thierry , Debin Marion 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Vaccination of the at-risk population against influenza by pharmacists was widely implemented in France in 2019. Only little data are available about the population using this service. We have explored the characteristics and determinants of the at-risk population vaccinated in pharmacy through a web-based cohort during the 2019–20 winter season.

Methods
This study is based on the data of the profile survey of at-risk over-18 vaccinated participants of the cohort GrippeNet.fr, for the 2019–20 winter season. Population characteristics were described using the inclusion questionnaire data. Factors associated with pharmacy influenza vaccination were analysed through a logistic regression model.

Key findings
In total, 3144 people were included in the study. 50.2% (N = 1577) of them were women and 65.5% (N = 2060) were over 65 years old. 29.5% (N = 928) of participants were vaccinated in pharmacy. 73.1% (N = 678) of participants vaccinated in pharmacy were over 65 years old and 46.6% (N = 432) had a treatment for one or more chronic disease. Factors positively associated with being vaccinated by a pharmacist were: being a man (OR = 1.25, 95% confidence interval [1.06–1.47]), being over 65 years old (OR = 1.97 [1.49–2.63]), living in a test region (OR = 1.62 [1.29–2.02] and 1.72 [1.43–2.07] depending on the year of the implementation of the experimentation) and being vaccinated against influenza in 2018/2019 (OR = 1.71 [1.32–2.21]). Factors negatively associated were: taking a chronic treatment (OR = 0.83 [0.70–0.97]), and living alone (OR = 1.40 [1.17–1.67] and being in contact with sick people (OR = 0.68 [0.50–0.93]).

Conclusions
This study confirmed some factors associated with pharmacy influenza vaccination and feeds the debate on other uncertain factors. These findings can support public health authorities’ willingness to enhance pharmacists’ involvement in the future country-wide vaccination campaign. Our study also highlights the necessity to further investigate the impact of this measure in a few years.
Malaria in the First Trimester of Pregnancy and Fetal Growth: Results from a Beninese Preconceptional Cohort
Authors: Koladjo Babagnidé François , Yovo Emmanuel , Accrombessi Manfred , Agbota Gino , Atade William , Ladikpo Olaiitan T , Mehoba Murielle , Degbe Auguste , Jackson Nikki , Massougbodji Achille , Sossou Darius , Vianou Bertin , Cot Michel , Cottrell Gilles , Fievet Nadine , Zeitlin Jennifer , Briand Valérie 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Background
Malaria in early pregnancy occurs at a time when the placenta is developing, with possible consequences for placental function and fetal growth. We assessed the association between first trimester malaria and fetal growth documented through repeated ultrasound scans.

Methods
The RECIPAL preconceptional cohort included 411 Beninese pregnant women followed from 7 weeks’ gestation (wg) until delivery. Among them, 218 had 4 scans for fetal monitoring at 16, 22, 28, and 34 wg. Multivariate seemingly unrelated regression models were used to assess association of microscopic malaria in the first trimester (&lt;15 wg) with abdominal circumference, head circumference, biparietal diameter, and femur length throughout pregnancy.

Results
Of 39% (86/218) of women with at least 1 microscopic malarial infection during pregnancy, 52.3% (45/86) were infected in the first trimester. Most women (88.5%) were multiparous. There was no association between adjusted z-scores for fetal growth parameters and first trimester malaria. Parity, newborn sex, socioeconomic level, and maternal body mass index significantly influenced fetal growth.

Conclusions
In a context where malaria infections in pregnancy are well detected and treated, their adverse effect on fetal growth may be limited. Our results argue in favor of preventing and treating infections as early as the first trimester.
Multilevel analysis to identify the factors associated with caesarean section in Bangladesh: evidence from a nationally representative survey
Authors: Ahmed Md Sabbir , Islam Mansura , Jahan Ishrat , Shaon Imran Faisal 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Background
Caesarean delivery has a significant role in reducing maternal and child death. However, unnecessary utilization has adverse health effects. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of caesarean delivery in Bangladesh.

Methods
Data from the latest Bangladesh Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS, 2019) was used in this study. Since MICS data are hierarchical in nature, multilevel modelling was used.

Results
The prevalence of caesarean section (CS) was 67.4% among Bangladeshi women. Multilevel analysis suggests the age of the women, household wealth status, utilization of antenatal care (ANC) , delivery at a health facility and division were significantly associated with CS. Women who delivered in a private health facility had the highest odds for CS (odds ratio [OR] 10.35 [95% confidence interval {CI} 8.55 to 12.54]). Women 30–34 y of age had a 36% higher likelihood of CS compared with women 15–19 y of age (OR 1.36 [95% CI 1.03 to 1.79]). The odds of CS positively increased with household wealth status. Women who had at least one ANC visit had a 1.7 times higher possibility of CS (OR 1.70 [95% CI 1.26 to 2.30]).

Conclusions
Policy guidelines on caesarean deliveries are urgently needed in Bangladesh to avoid unnecessary caesarean deliveries and protect mothers from the consequences.