bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analyzing the Risks Affecting the School-aged Children in Disaster-Prone Areas in the Province of Bukidnon
Authors: Bicar Beverly B , Añar Lora E , Valdez Maribel G 
Published: October 2022

The school-aged children are among the vulnerable sectors in society in times of natural as well as anthropogenic calamities. This study described the hazards, exposures, and vulnerabilities of elementary school learners in the disaster-prone areas in the Province of Bukidnon, Philippines. It determined the effects of disasters, particularly landslide and flood to the school-aged children in terms of their school performance. It also ascertained the adaptive and capacity-building strategies of these learners during landslide and flood. Six schools located in disaster-prone areas were chosen as the locale of the study with 188 school-aged children, six principals, teachers, and parents as participants of the study. The study found that flash flood, unsafe school buildings, and excessive runoff waters in school grounds led to cancellation of classes and caused damages to infrastructures and school properties - which have implications for the performance of school children. Remediation and other alternative delivery modes helped learners cope with missed classes. Drills, lifesaving skills, and parents’ support for technological gadgets like cell phones improved learners’ adaptive capacities to prepare for disasters. However, the study found limited support for implementing disaster preparedness and mitigation activities for learners in rural areas. Promoting access, quality, and sustained DRRM activities for learners in these schools could enhance the adaptive capacities of learners and mitigate the risks and hazards, affecting them.
Prognostic factors in inpatients with advanced cancer at a palliative care unit
Authors: Rosa Karla Santos da Costa , Oliveira Amanda Soares , Cypriano Raphael de Paiva , Oliveira Livia Costa de 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT
Objectives: This study aims to identify prognostic factors and their discriminatory ability in inpatients with advanced cancer at a palliative care unit (PCU).
Material and Methods: Observational, prospective cohort study involving advanced cancer patients (October 2019 to May 2021) of their first admission to a PCU. Sociodemographic, clinical, functional, nutritional, and laboratory variables were evaluated. The outcome was death within 30 days. Kaplan-Meier curves, log-rank test, and Cox proportional hazard model were used to assess prognostic value. The C-statistic was used to test the predictive accuracy of the variables.
Results: Among 136 patients, 77 (56.6%) died within 30 days and the median overall survival was 10 (interquartile range: 6-14) days. The variables of 30-day mortality were tumor in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.61, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.11-2.82), impaired functionality (HR: 1.73, 95%CI: 1.09-3.00), nutritional risk (HR: 4.58, 95%CI: 1.62-12.92), and albumin <3g/dL (HR: 1.88, 95%CI: 1.05-3.34). However, albumin presented acceptable discrimination, with a C-statistic value of 0.75.
Conclusion: Inpatients with advanced cancer in the GIT, impaired functionality, reduced serum albumin, and at nutritional risk have a worse prognosis. Albumin concentration has better discriminatory ability than the other factors identified.
Empirical Model of Uniflow Scavenging for Ultra-Long-Two-Stroke Marine Diesel Engines
Authors: Wang Yingyuan , Gu Jie , Yang Mingyang , Deng Kangyao , Cui Lei , Qian Yuehua 
Published: October 2022

_
Low-speed two-stroke diesel engines are widely employed in the marine industry, especially in tanks, owing to their advantages of fuel economy and reliability. However, with the emerging ultra-long-stroke trend, existing scavenging models, which are based on the configuration of cylinders with short strokes, are no longer applicable. In this study, we investigate the flow field and residual exhaust gas distribution in a cylinder using particle image velocimetry and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. The result shows a strong Burgers vortex structure upstream of the scavenger flow and dissipates gradually as it moves downstream. Furthermore, the scavenging process comprises three processes according to the detailed CFD analysis: displacement, mixing scavenging, and short circuit. Inspired by the results, a tailored empirical model of ultra-long-stroke uniflow scavenging comprising three sub-models is proposed. Specifically, a logarithmic relationship between the concentration level and scavenging deliver ratio is proposed to describe the mixing scavenging process. Finally, the model was validated against CFD results. The results demonstrate that the discrepancy in the scavenging efficiency curve predicted by this model and CFD is less than 1%, thereby demonstrating model reliability.

Introduction
Owing to the advantages of a large power range, high thermal efficiency, low fuel consumption rate, and good reliability, marine low-speed engines are widely used to provide power to civil ships (Heywood 1999). The market for low-speed engines is vast and is improving the performance of low-speed engines through research has great economic and environmental significance (Woodyard 2004). To meet the requirements of ship owners for lower fuel consumption and the IMO’s regulation of halving the greenhouse gas emissions of newly built ships, the ultra-long stroke of low-speed engines has become a trend (Lamas & Vidal 2012). With an ultralong stroke, the combustion speed of low-quality fuel oil is slow, and an ultra-long-stroke cylinder can prolong the expansion process, improve the combustion process, and reduce the fuel consumption rate (Fenghua 2014). The ultra-long-stroke diesel engine further creates fuel savings of 3.5–7% based on the original low fuel consumption. Previously, ultra-long strokes could not be achieved, limited by materials and manufacturing processes. However, in recent years, with the advancement of materials and processes, ultra-long strokes have been widely adopted as they have demonstrated superior competitiveness.
A previously overlooked, highly diverse early Pleistocene elasmobranch assemblage from southern Taiwan
Authors: Lin Chia-Yen , Lin Chien-Hsiang , Shimada Kenshu 
Published: October 2022

The Niubu fossil locality in Chiayi County, southern Taiwan is best known for its rich early Pleistocene marine fossils that provide insights into the poorly understood past diversity in the area. The elasmobranch teeth at this locality have been collected for decades by the locals, but have not been formally described and have received little attention. Here, we describe three museum collections of elasmobranch teeth (n = 697) from the Liuchungchi Formation (1.90–1.35 Ma) sampled at the Niubu locality, with an aim of constructing a more comprehensive view of the past fish fauna in the subtropical West Pacific. The assemblage is composed of 20 taxa belonging to nine families and is dominated by Carcharhinus and Carcharodon. The occurrence of †Hemipristis serra is of particular importance because it is the first Pleistocene record in the area. We highlight high numbers of large Carcharodon carcharias teeth in our sample correlating to body lengths exceeding 4 m, along with the diverse fossil elasmobranchs, suggesting that a once rich and thriving marine ecosystem in an inshore to offshore shallow-water environment during the early Pleistocene in Taiwan.
Integrated metabolomic and transcriptomic analysis of the anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin regulatory networks in red walnut natural hybrid progeny leaves
Authors: Wang Lei , Li Lin , Zhao Wei , Fan Lu , Meng Haijun , Zhang Ganggang , Wu Wenjiang , Shi Jiangli , Wu Guoliang 
Published: October 2022

Background
Walnuts are among the most important dry fruit crops worldwide, typically exhibiting green leaves and yellow–brown or gray–yellow seed coats. A specific walnut accession with red leaves and seed coats, ‘RW-1’, was selected for study because of its high anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin (PA) contents. Anthocyanins and PAs are important secondary metabolites and play key roles in plant responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. However, few studies have focused on the molecular mechanism of anthocyanin biosynthesis in walnuts.

Methods
In this study, we determined the anthocyanin and PA components and their contents in different color leaves of ‘RW-1’ natural hybrid progenies at various developmental stages. Integrated transcriptome and metabolome analyses were used to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs). We also performed conjoint analyses on DEGs and DAMs to ascertain the degree pathways, and explore the regulation of anthocyanin and PA biosynthesis.

Results
The results of widely targeted metabolome profiling and anthocyanin detection revealed 395 substances, including four PAs and 26 anthocyanins, in red (SR) and green leaves (SG) of ‘RW-1’ natural hybrid progenies. From the research, the contents of all anthocyanin components in SR were higher than that in SG. Among them, the contents of delphinidin 3-O-galactoside, cyanidin 3-O-galactoside, delphinidin 3-O-arabinoside and cyanidin 3-O-glucoside were significantly higher than others, and they were considered as the main types of anthocyanins. However, nine anthocyanins were detected only in SR. For PAs, the content of procyanidin C1 was higher in SR compared with SG, while procyanidin B1 and procyanidin B3 were higher in SR-1 and SR-3 but downregulated in SR-2 compared with the controls. Furthermore, transcriptome analysis revealed that the expressions of structural genes (C4H, F3H, F3′5′H, UFGT, LAR and ANR), three MYBs predicted as the activators of anthocyanin and PA biosynthesis, two MYBs predicted as the repressors of anthocyanin biosynthesis, and five WD40s in the anthocyanin and PA biosynthetic pathways were significantly higher in the SR walnuts. Gene-metabolite correlation analyses revealed a core set of 31 genes that were strongly correlated with four anthocyanins and one PA metabolites. The alteration of gene coding sequence altered the binding or regulation of regulatory factors to structural genes in different color leaves, resulting in the effective increase of anthocyanins and PAs accumulation in red walnut.

Conclusions
This study provides valuable information on anthocyanin and PA metabolites and candidate genes for anthocyanin and PA biosynthesis, yielding new insights into anthocyanin and PA biosynthesis in walnuts.
Evaluation of Fungicides against Downy Mildew (Peronospora destructor Berk) of Onion (Allium cepa) in Bale Zone, South Eastern Ethiopia
Authors: Abdurezake Mohammedamin , Asefa Getachew 
Published: October 2022

Aims: To evaluate the efficacy of tested fungicides against downy mildew of onion and determine the appropriate interval of fungicides application.
Study Design: The experiment was laid out down in randomized complete block design with three replications for each treatments.
Place and Duration of Study: The experiment was carried out in farmers field of Aloshe village; Goba district of Bale zone in 2018/2019 during “Bona Season”.
Methodology: Locally available onion variety and two tested fungicides (Mancozeb (Mancozeb 80 Wp) and Ridomil (Ridomil Gold MZ 68WG) were used. Locally available variety of onion was planted in a plot size of 3m x 2.4m with three replications. Each two fungicides were applied at interval of seven day, fourteen and twenty one day interval including unapplied fungicide plot as control.
Results: The result indicated that, both fungicides (Mancozeb and Ridomil) were effectively reduces the severity level of the disease. The higher plant height(42.5cm), bulb weigh (289g), total weight of the bulbs (114Qt/ha) and lower severity (8.35%) were recorded from weekly application of Ridomil, fourteen day application of Ridomil and weekly application interval of Mancozeb. The higher marginal rate of return of 2833.45% and 1999.07% were recorded from weekly and fourteen applications of Mancozeb and Ridomil respectively.
Conclusion: The minimum application frequency of three times of Ridomil in fourteen days and weekly interval application of Mancozeb were effective against downy mildew and profitable.
Association of Missense Variants in VSX2 With a Peculiar Form of Congenital Stationary Night Blindness Affecting All Bipolar Cells
Authors: Smirnov Vasily M. , Robert Matthieu P. , Condroyer Christel , Navarro Julien , Antonio Aline , Rozet Jean-Michel , Sahel José-Alain , Perrault Isabelle , Audo Isabelle , Zeitz Christina 
Published: October 2022

ImportanceCongenital stationary night blindness (CSNB) is an inherited stationary retinal disorder that is clinically and genetically heterogeneous. To date, the genetic association between some cases with CSNB and an unusual complex clinical picture is unclear.ObjectiveTo describe an unreported CSNB phenotype and the associated gene defect in 3 patients from 2 unrelated families.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis retrospective case series was conducted in 2021 and 2022 at a national referral center for rare ocular diseases. Data for 3 patients from a cohort of 140 genetically unsolved CSNB cases were analyzed clinically and genetically.ExposuresComplete ocular examination including full-field electroretinography and multimodal fundus imaging (spectral-domain optical coherence tomography, color, infrared reflectance, and short-wavelength autofluorescence photographs) were performed. The gene defect was identified by exome sequencing and confirmed by Sanger sequencing and co-segregation analysis in 1 family. Screening was performed for genetically unsolved CSNB cases for VSX2 variants by direct Sanger sequencing.Main Outcomes and MeasuresOcular and molecular biology findings.ResultsThe series included 3 patients whose clinical investigations occurred at ages in the early 30s, younger than 12 years, and in the mid 40s. They had nystagmus, low stable visual acuity, and myopia from birth and experienced night blindness. Two older patients had bilateral lens luxation and underwent lens extraction. Full-field electroretinography revealed an electronegative Schubert-Bornschein appearance, combining characteristics of incomplete and complete CSNB, affecting the function of rod and cone ON- and OFF-bipolar cells. Exome sequencing and co-segregation analysis in a consanguineous family with 2 affected members identified a homozygous variant in VSX2. Subsequently, screening of the CSNB cohort identified another unrelated patient harboring a distinct VSX2 variant.Conclusions and RelevanceThis case series revealed a peculiar pan-bipolar cell retinopathy with lens luxation associated with variants in VSX2. Clinicians should be aware of this association and VSX2 added to CSNB diagnostic gene panels.
Factors associated with distress among female cancer survivors at the workplace: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Jin Juhyun , Lee Eunju , Lee Suin 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Objectives
This study aimed to investigate the levels of fatigue, social support, spiritual well-being, and distress of female cancer survivors at the workplace, and identify factors associated with distress.

Methods
One hundred and eighty-two working female cancer survivors participated from the outpatient ward in two medical institutions in South Korea and they completed questionnaires assessing their general characteristics, fatigue, social support (colleagues and superiors), and spiritual well-being distress (existential and religious well-being). The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, T-test, one-way ANOVA, correlation, and multiple linear regression with SPSS /WIN18 version.

Results
Most of the participants were breast and thyroid cancer (78.5%), married (46.2%), working periods below 10 years (62.7%) and the average age was 49.7 years. Distress positively correlated with fatigue and significant predictors of distress were “type of work” and “main source of household income” among general characteristics, fatigue, religious well-being, and existential well-being.

Conclusions
Our findings suggest that integrated program including educational and practical factors to reduce fatigue and increase spiritual well-being (i.e., peace, faith, meaning, et al.) can decrease distress. Whereas, the “ambivalence” of God accompanied by high religious well-being (i.e., punishment, abandon, blame, and so on) can rather increase distress. The development of an integrated management system of distress at work can be applied as a practical factor to improve job satisfaction, organizational performance, and quality of life.
Development and validation of police mental health ability scale
Authors: Liao Chengju , Gu Xingmei , He Jian , Jiao Yonggang , Xia Fan , Feng Zhengzhi 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Police officers are generally under long-term occupational stress. Good mental health ability enables them to better deal with emergencies and enhance their combat effectiveness. We aimed to develop the Police Mental Health Ability Scale (PMHAS) to provide a reference for police selection and ability training.

Methods
Through literature analysis, individual interviews, half-open and half-closed questionnaire surveys, and expert consultations, the components of police mental health ability (PMHA) were theoretically constructed. Then, we enrolled 824 in-service police officers who participated in the training in Chongqing City and Sichuan Province from November 2018 to January 2019 and recovered 767 valid questionnaires (recovery rate, 93.08%).

Results
Exploratory factor analysis generated five factors for PMHAS, including cognitive intelligence, emotional catharsis, swift decisiveness, behavioral drive, and reward pursuit, accounting for 58.904% of the variance. Confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated that the model fit well (χ2/df = 1.117, RMSEA = 0.020, GFI = 0.948, CFI = 0.990, IFI = 0.990, TLI = 0.987). The correlation coefficients of factors (r = −0.023 ~ 0.580) were lower than that of each factor and total score (r = 0.477 ~ 0.819). The Cronbach's α coefficients of PMHAS and its factors were 0.606–0.863, and the test–retest reliabilities were 0.602–0.732.

Conclusion
These results suggest that PMHAS is reliable and valid enough for measuring PMHA, which shows that it is a potentially valuable tool for assessing the mental health ability of police officers.
Exploring Gene Expression Profiles in Primary Central Nervous System Vasculitis
Authors: Salvarani Carlo , Paludo Jonas , Hunder Gene G. , Ansell Stephen M. , Giannini Caterina , Parisi Joseph E. , Huston John , Koster Matthew J. , Warrington Kenneth J. , Croci Stefania , Brown Robert D. 
Published: October 2022

ObjectiveThis study was undertaken to explore the gene expression profile of primary central nervous system vasculitis (PCNSV).MethodsBrain specimens of 4 patients with granulomatous vasculitis (GV), 5 with lymphocytic vasculitis (LV), 4 with amyloid β‐related angiitis (ABRA), and 4 normal controls were studied. RNA‐sequencing was performed using the Illumina Hiseq‐4,000 platform and the Illumina TruSeq Total‐RNA library. Student t test and false discovery rate tests were performed for each of the differentially expressed transcripts. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis was used for the pathway expression analysis. CIBERSORT was used to estimate the abundances of different immune cell subsets in the tissues based on gene expression data.ResultsTranscripts differentially expressed between PCNSV and normal brain indicated that endosomal, mitochondrial, and ribosome dysfunction, alterations in protein synthesis, and noncoding RNAs might be involved in PCNSV. Pathway analysis revealed the activation of dendritic cell maturation and antigen processing as well as neuroinflammation in PCNSV versus normal brain, whereas oxidative phosphorylation was inhibited. CIBERSORT estimation of immune cell subsets suggested that activated NK cells, M1 macrophages, memory B cells, and follicular helper T cells were likely to be more prevalent in PCNSV samples. Naïve CD4 T cells and monocytes were mainly estimated to be present in GV and ABRA. Plasma cell and γδ T‐cell signatures were mainly found in LV and normal brain. GV showed higher levels of genes associated with macrophage activities and T cells. ABRA showed higher levels of long noncoding RNAs and miR‐616. LV showed higher levels of genes encoding immunoglobulins.InterpretationRNA sequencing confirmed PCNSV heterogeneity. ANN NEUROL 2023;93:120–130
Analysis of shared research data in Spanish scientific papers about COVID‐19: A first approach
Authors: Cerda‐Cosme Roxana , Méndez Eva 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDuring the coronavirus pandemic, changes in the way science is done and shared occurred, which motivates meta‐research to help understand science communication in crises and improve its effectiveness. The objective is to study how many Spanish scientific papers on COVID‐19 published during 2020 share their research data. Qualitative and descriptive study applying nine attributes: (a) availability, (b) accessibility, (c) format, (d) licensing, (e) linkage, (f) funding, (g) editorial policy, (h) content, and (i) statistics. We analyzed 1,340 papers, 1,173 (87.5%) did not have research data. A total of 12.5% share their research data of which 2.1% share their data in repositories, 5% share their data through a simple request, 0.2% do not have permission to share their data, and 5.2% share their data as supplementary material. There is a small percentage that shares their research data; however, it demonstrates the researchers' poor knowledge on how to properly share their research data and their lack of knowledge on what is research data.
Ein Hängedach aus Holz für das Olympische Wassersportzentrum in Saint‐Denis
Authors: Touraine Benjamin , Zimmermann Michael , Gross Cécilia , Mériaud Laure 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDas neue Olympische Wassersportzentrum in Saint‐Denis wird für die Olympischen Spiele 2024 in Paris erbaut und soll danach als Multifunktionsarena weitergenutzt werden. Die nach unten gewölbte Hängedachkonstruktion reduziert nicht nur das Luftvolumen in der Haupthalle und damit den Energieverbrauch der Arena, sondern minimiert als Holzkonstruktion auch den CO2‐Fußabdruck des Gebäudes. Die Dachkonstruktion besteht aus bis zu 89 m langen Holzträgern. Nach seiner Fertigstellung gehört das Wassersportzentrum weltweit zu den größten in Holzbauweise ausgeführten Sportstätten und stellt gleichzeitig einen neuen Weltrekord für weitgespannte Holzkonstruktionen auf. Der folgende Beitrag stellt den Gesamtentwurf und die wichtigsten technischen Merkmale sowie Berechnungsmethoden der Konstruktion vor. Auch das Lang‐ und Kurzzeitverhalten der eingesetzten Materialien (Beton, Stahl, Holz) sowie die nichtlineare Analyse der großen Dachverformungen werden erläutert. Außerdem befasst sich der Beitrag mit der Sensitivität des Dachtragwerks in Hinblick auf Fundamente, Betonsockel und Steifigkeit der Holzverbindungen, die speziell für hohe Torsionslasten und die verschiedenen geometrischen Konfigurationen ausgelegt sind. Darüber hinaus geht der Bericht auf das Montageverfahren und die Steuerung von Fertigungs‐/Montagetoleranzen sowie die Geometrieprüfung vor Ort ein, die für eine solche zugbeanspruchte Struktur unerlässlich sind.