bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MAPPING BASUTOLAND: CORRESPONDENCE BETWEEN GEOLOGISTS GORDON MURRAY STOCKLEY AND ALEXANDER LOGIE DU TOIT (1938–1946)
Authors: MASTER SHARAD 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
Basutoland is a former British Protectorate (now the Kingdom of Lesotho) nestled in the Maluti and Drakensberg mountains, surrounded by South Africa. Geological knowledge about Basutoland started with the activities of French missionaries in the 1830s and continued to accumulate throughout the nineteenth century. Systematic geological mapping began in 1902–1904 with the work of Ernest Schwarz and Alexander du Toit, who, while working for the Geological Commission of the Cape of Good Hope, extended their mapping activities into Basutoland. In 1905 Samuel Dornan from Morija started studying the geology of that region of Basutoland. In the 1930s rumours about the finds of diamonds prompted the British Government to map the country geologically. Gordon Stockley, a geologist experienced in mapping for the Geological Survey of Tanganyika, was seconded to Basutoland in late 1938. Stockley mapped the whole country in 11 months in 1939, and then returned to Tanganyika. His geological map, at a scale of 1:380,160 was published in 1946, and the report appeared in 1947. At the start of his mapping, Stockley wrote to du Toit asking his advice on various matters related to the geology, geomorphology and palaeontology of Basutoland. Their correspondence lasted until 1946. Stockley’s map and report on Basutoland geology laid the foundation for all future exploration and led to the discovery of several diamondiferous kimberlite pipes in the 1960s, and to the establishment of several diamond mines that contribute significantly to the economy of modern Lesotho.
Evaluation of Alvarado score and appendicitis inflammatory response score as diagnostic tools for acute appendicitis
Authors: Hassan Mohamed , Jeilani Milad , Saad Ahmed A. , Iqbal Sheeraz , Boshnaq Mohamed 
Published: November 2022

Background: The study aims to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of AIR and Alvarado scores for acute appendicitis cases.Methods: We conducted a retrospective study with 73 patients to compare the efficacy of the appendicitis inflammatory response (AIR) score with the Alvarado score in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis from January 2021 to March 2021. The study included all consecutive patients referred with suspected appendicitis or acute RIF pain, to the surgical unit at Tunbridge Wells Hospital. Results: Based on histopathology findings of 73 patients, 59 (80.8%) patients had acute appendicitis. Using the AIR score, 5 (8.5%) patients scored high, 41 (69.5%) scored moderate, and 13 (22.0%) scored low in the histologically-positive group. In the histology-negative group, none (0.0%) scored high, 2 (14.3%) scored moderate, and 12 (85.7%) scored low, with only 2 patients being false positives. The correlation between the AIR score and histopathology results was thus highly significant (p value=0.000). Using the Alvarado score, in the histology-positive group, 33 (55.9%) scored high, 17 (28.8%) moderate and 9 (15.3%) low. In the histology-negative group, 2 (14.3%) patients scored high, 6 (42.9%) scored moderate, and 6 (42.9%) patients scored low. 8 patients were false positives. We found a significant correlation between the Alvarado score and histopathology results (p value=0.011). The sensitivity of the AIR and Alvarado scores were 77.97% and 67.80% respectively and the specificity was 85.71% and 78.57% respectively.Conclusions: The AIR score had higher specificity, sensitivity, positive predictive value, and a lower rate of false positives.
Knowledge, attitudes and practices of rural population towards COVID-19 appropriate behaviour in pandemic situation: a cross-sectional study in central India
Authors: Chaudhary Kirti , Dhatrak Amey , Shyam Sundar R. Naveen , Suresh Sneha B. 
Published: November 2022

Background: India is facing a third wave of infection of coronavirus. For controlling the pandemic, it’s very crucial that everyone should follow the control measures which is ultimately depended upon the factors like knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of people towards coronavirus according to KAP theory. At such a critical moment to manage the COVID-19 pandemic in India arises an urgency for understanding people's awareness of COVID-19. So, we plan to present a study in view of investigating the KAP for COVID-19 in rural populations during the outbreak of COVID-19 disease.Methods: A cross-sectional design with a cluster sampling method from the field practice area of a rural medical college was selected. Participants were above 18 years. Data collection was done after taking informed consent. Data were analysed with R studio software with appropriate statistical tests.Result: A good knowledge of COVID-19 was found in rural population. Majority of population has good knowledge about COVID-19 epidemiology, signs, and symptoms. Good knowledge corresponds to appropriate behaviour and proper practices in population. Overall participants were confident that India will win war against COVID-19.Conclusions: Our study findings suggested that the rural population of India with a comparatively high level of education, specifically Health care services people, had proper knowledge, cheerful way of attitude, and appropriately practicing measures towards COVID-19 during the rapid rise period of the COVID-19 cases. Whereas age, gender, and socioeconomic status didn’t show any significant association with the knowledge score. We conclude that KAP towards COVID-19 by vulnerable populations warrants special attention for research.
Teaching practicum for primary teacher education students during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Hergan Irena , Pečar Mojca 
Published: November 2022

The paper presents results of the research on pre-service student teachers’ assessment of the usefulness of their distance teaching practicum during COVID-19 for their professional development. The sample included 238 student teachers in the 3rd and 4th years of the bachelor’s degree programme as well as those in the master’s degree programme at the Faculty of Education, University of Ljubljana. The students answered the online questionnaire after completing their teaching practicum in spring 2020. The results show that the majority of the students spent more than half of their time during the teaching practicum preparing various teaching materials for the pupils. About a fifth of the students provided individual help to pupils, while only a small share of them conducted their lessons via videoconferencing. The 3rd year students rated the usefulness of preparing teaching materials and the overall usefulness of the distance teaching practicum statistically significantly lower than their senior colleagues. Whether the teaching practicum is implemented in an online environment or “live”, it is important to insist that student teachers assist their pupils in all phases of the teaching process and adapt it to their individual characteristics and needs to the greatest extent possible.
Received: 3 December 2021Accepted: 7 November 2022
Researchers’ perceptions of COVID-19 impact on Responsible Research and Innovation (RRI)-based practices and society’s view of science in the first months of the pandemic
Authors: Sala-Bubaré Anna , Corcelles Mariona , Suñé-Soler Núria , Castelló Montserrat 
Published: November 2022

Over the last decade, national and international agencies have repeatedly called for research practices aligned with the Responsible Research and Innovation (RRI), with varied effects on different disciplines and countries. The COVID-19 pandemic made this need even more critical. This study aimed to explore whether and how, from researchers’ point of view, the COVID-19 pandemic has led to changes in RRI-based research practices in the different disciplines and, more generally, society’s perception of science. 1499 researchers in the three Catalan-speaking regions of Spain responded to an online questionnaire in the first months of the pandemic. Results showed that while only half perceived an impact on RRI-based practices, this proportion was higher for Health Sciences and Social Sciences researchers in all the dimensions. Most researchers perceived a positive impact on societal actors’ views of science, although researchers in the Humanities were more sceptical than those in other disciplines. The analysis of open-ended questions revealed researchers from all disciplines were also concerned about fake news and claimed that researchers’ working conditions and research funding across all disciplines needed to be improved for future research to be capable of coping with current and future challenges.
Received: 31 December 2021Accepted: 29 September 2022
Practice development technology of students in biological local study
Authors: Rakhimberdiyeva Zhanar , Kaliyeva Anar , Ramanova Lazzat , Senkebaeva Altynay , Arystanova Saltanat , Rakhimova Zaida 
Published: November 2022

The situation is taken as the basis of the research. It is seen that the biological local study is aimed and designed on the students' application of development technology. The study was designed in the fall term of 2022–2023 and was prepared with 148 participants. The participant groups that made up the study were given training on the problem situation of the research. The main purpose is to help participants develop ‘Technology’ ‘Biological local’ topics and to further their education. Each data and value obtained according to the training of the study was made by frequency analysis, t-test, using the utility program, and the results were written into the research in the presence of tables. As a result of the research, it was concluded that the participant groups easily used development technologies in biological local studies and the application that came with this idea was formed.
Keywords: Biological, distance education, development technologies, primary school students;
Problems and prospects in increasing university students’ motivation and performance in e-Learning
Authors: Makhno Lev , Leontyeva Irina 
Published: November 2022

A new online environment creates possibilities for both educators and scholars to research the new methods of teaching. Educational establishments tried to introduce the best practices encouraging students to prepare for lessons and acquire knowledge. The research identified the main problems that students face in online learning and assessed motivation and academic performance of university students during online education. To analyze the data and identify statistically significant differences, Student's t-test was used. The research assessed academic achievements on the major and minor disciplines studied for three months. The students had to answer 4 open-ended questions on the e-learning difficulties they faced. In addition, the research analyzed the impact of e-learning on student motivation. It was found that academic achievement and motivation improved. The results will further expand the concept of e-learning, help to identify the advantages and disadvantages of developing distance education on a broad scale. Further research in this field is still required.
Keywords: academic performance, distance learning, e-Learning, online learning, motivation.
Methodological aspects of the study of modern geoeconomics processes in the school geography course
Authors: Bayaliyev Amirkhan , Nurbol Ussenov , Bakhadurkhan Abdimanapov , Ahmet-Ganievna Aldasheva Ardak , Ozerke Amangeldi , Zhakypbek Abzal 
Published: November 2022

The purpose of this research; evaluates the methodological aspects of the study of modern geoeconomic processes in the school geography course from the perspective of future biology teachers. This research was designed in the qualitative research method and the data were evaluated in accordance with the qualitative method. 32 future geography teachers studying in geography teaching departments of various universities in Kazakhstan constitute the sample group of the research. A semi-structured interview form was used as a data collection tool in the research. As a result of the research; geography teachers were asked about their perceptions of the concept of geoeconomics. It was determined that they gave the answer to the relationship between geography and economy. The majority of future geography teachers participating in the research; they stated that they partially received geoeconomics training during the teacher training process at the university. The vast majority of teacher candidates; stated that they support the inclusion of modern geoeconomic processes in the school geography course. When future geography teachers were asked for their suggestions on methodological steps in the study of modern geoeconomic processes in a school geography course, the vast majority of prospective teachers; they answered that geography education should be associated with geoeconomics, global economy education should be given and technology education should be given on the basis of economy and geography.
Keywords: Geoeconomics, geography, prospective teachers;
RISK FACTORS FOR DIABETES MELLITUS IN INDONESIA: ANALYSIS OF IFLS DATA 2014
Authors: Afifah Alfiana Miranda Nur , Indriani Diah , Sebayang Susy Kartikana , Astutik Erni 
Published: November 2022

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) remains a public health problem that needs attention in various countries, including in Indonesia that has the 4th largest DM cases globally. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that, by 2030, the number of people with DM will be twice higher than the current number which is 180 million people worldwide. Diabetes mellitus can be prevented and avoided by taking control of the risk factors. The purpose of this study was to assess the risk factors of Diabetes Mellitus in Indonesia. This is a secondary data analysis of the Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS) 5 which was a cross sectional survey. To analyze risk factors of DM, Chi-square and logistic regression test were used. The risk factors analyzed included sex, age, marital status, history of hypertension, cholesterol levels, obesity, smoking habit, employment status, habit of consuming fast food, consumption of sweet foods, and consumption soft drinks. Significant risk factors of diabetes mellitus included age (OR = 5.28, 95% CI: 4.37 – 6.37; p value = 0.001), marital status (OR = 1.69, 95% CI: 1.36 – 2.09; p value = 0.001), history of hypertension (OR = 2.67, 95% CI: 2.25 – 3.17; p value = 0.001), cholesterol levels (OR = 4.36, 95% CI: 3.58 – 5.31; p value = 0.001), employment status (OR = 1.52, 95% CI: 1.29 – 1.80; p value = 0.001), and habit of consuming sweet foods (OR = 0.63, 95% CI: 0.48 – 0.83; p value = 0.002).
DETERMINANTS OF LOW BIRTH WEIGHT IN URBAN AREA OF INDONESIA: ANALYSIS OF THE 2017 INDONESIAN DEMOGRAPHIC AND HEALTH SURVEY
Authors: Wulandari Fatqiatul , Mahmudiono Trias , Rifqi Mahmud Aditya 
Published: November 2022

In developing countries, low birth weight (LBW) is still considered a major public health problem among infants. The national prevalence of LBW in Indonesia is quite high and ranked 6th for LBW cases among countries in Southeast Asia. This paper aimed to study the determinant of LBW especially in the urban area of Indonesia due to the wide availability of household survey data and the limited research of LBW with a large number of samples. This study used the latest data from the 2017 Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS). A bivariate analysis using the Chi-square test and a multivariate analysis tested by logistic regression was done. As many as 7,321 women of childbearing age-aged 15-49 years from the urban areas were selected as the final sample. A number of 6.7% of infants were born with LBW with a mean birth weight of 3,677 grams. This study showed a significant relationship between birth interval and maternal complication and LBW (OR:0.74; OR:2.21). Women’s level of education also appeared to be significantly related to LBW (OR:0.82). The conclusion of the study was that birth interval, maternal complications, and mother’s education level were closely related to LBW. Therefore, collaboration between health services, health centers, government sectors, and academicians is needed to provide standard ANC services followed by routine maternal health education is expected to reduce LBW numbers in urban areas of Indonesia.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN AMBIENT TEMPERATURE AND ACUTE CHOLECYSTİTİS
Authors: ALTINER Saygın , ÇÖL Mert , CEBECİ Enes , SUCU Bedri Burak , DOĞANAY Enes , ÖZDEMİR Murtaza Kaan , KURU Serdar , TUNCAL Salih 
Published: November 2022

Aims. Acute cholecystitis is one of the most common emergencies of general surgery. Although there is an increase in the incidence of acute cholecystitis in the summer season when the temperature increases, its cause is not fully understood. The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between acute cholecystitis and temperature.
Material and Methods: 271 patients admitted to the general surgery service in 2021 were included in this study. Patient data were obtained retrospectively from patient files and data from national centers were used for meteorological data. Conformity of continuous variables to normal distribution was evaluated using visual and analytical methods.
Results: According to the percentage distribution of cases, acute cholecystitis was most common in summer and least in winter. A very strong positive correlation was found between monthly mean temperature values and monthly incidence of acute cholecystitis (correlation coefficient: r= 0.759 and p=0.004).
Conclusions: The incidence of acute cholecystitis also increases with increasing ambient temperature, and this is important in terms of planning health services.
Petroleum++: Facing the Challenges Ahead
Authors: Kamal Medhat M. 
Published: November 2022

Petroleum engineers are facing challenges just as they have for the past 100 years. We have been addressing these challenges and delivering solutions to continue our mission to provide the world with the energy it needs. Some of these challenges are technical in nature, some are due to economic situations, and now we are also facing challenges because of political positions. We are not alone in this regard. For example, handling the challenge the world faced with COVID-19, which should be based on medical and scientific results, was also mired in political debates. I have chosen the theme of Petroleum++ for my presidency to characterize the work in front of us to continue our mission. But I am getting ahead of myself.
Let me start by mentioning that I am honored to be elected to the position of 2023 SPE President. I have been a member of this Society for more than 50 years and have volunteered for just about every function and service it offers to members.
I have benefited from working with several distinguished members who dedicated a lot of their time and effort to enhance the petroleum engineering profession.
I want to take this opportunity to thank the members of the SPE International Board of Directors who just completed their term of service on the board. This includes Tom Blasingame, 2021 President; Zach Evans, the regional director for North America; Qasem Al-Kayoumi, the regional director for the Middle East and North Africa; Robert Pearson, the technical director for Production and Facilities; and David Reid, the technical director for Drilling. I would also like to thank Dr. Kamel Ben-Naceur who led the Society as the 2022 President.
Over the past year, SPE dealt with several events that I plan to discuss in later columns. Among these events were the proposed merger with AAPG, having an election for the open seats on the board for the first time in a couple of decades, and the work on updating the strategic plan for the Society, a task that is carried out once every 5 years.
I would like to talk about the theme for this year’s SPE presidency which is Petroleum++. I chose this theme because it encompasses how we should address the challenges we are facing as petroleum engineers.
First, we need to produce the needed hydrocarbons which will be a significant source of energy for the world until the year 2050 and beyond. The graph by the US Energy Information Administration shows that at least 50% of the world energy until 2050 will be obtained from oil and natural gas; similar results are shown for both the US and the entire world.
Collaboration Allows Introduction of Automated Advisory System in Offshore Well
Authors: Carpenter Chris 
Published: November 2022

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This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper OTC 31443, “Operator and Service Provider Collaborate To Successfully Introduce an Automated Advisory System in a Wildcat Exploration Well Offshore Mexico,” by Peter Batruny, SPE, M. Razali Paimin, and M. Arriffuddin Allauddin, Petronas, et al. The paper has not been peer reviewed. Copyright 2022 Offshore Technology Conference. Reproduced by permission.

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The authors of the complete paper describe a collaboration between an operator and a service company formed during a project’s well-planning phase to evaluate the feasibility of automation for a holistic drilling-advisory platform that facilitates real-time decision making based on downhole and surface data. The collaboration resulted in a successful deployment of an automation platform as a solution to manage and mitigate risks and optimize drilling operations in exploration wells.

Introduction
The probability of nonproductive time (NPT) and invisible lost time (ILT) occurring in exploration wells is higher because of a lack of experience in the area concerned. The operator estimates that NPT caused by hole problems accounts for 22% of total NPT (Fig. 1).
The authors’ work aims to apply a novel, automated drilling-operation monitoring technique on a wildcat exploration well in the Gulf of Mexico through the collaboration of operator and service provider. A collaborative framework and technology integration is applied to minimize the effect of uncertainty on NPT and ILT.

Description and Application of Equipment and Processes
The well is in the Salina Basin, approximately 67 nautical miles north of shore, with an estimated water depth of 66 m below mean sea level.
The maximum planned well total depth was approximately 4400 m true vertical depth subsea. The proposed well lies in a four-way anticline structure. Despite the abundance of wells around the location, most exploration activities performed in the area have been focused on the Middle and Lower Pliocene (shallower) interval, causing well correlation at the Miocene stratigraphic interval to be extremely limited. In addition, the disparate thicknesses of the Pliocene sediments in the area create significant challenges in terms of geological correlation. Five offset wells were used as stratigraphy correlation, with distances ranging from 8 to 31 km. Downhole losses and borehole instability were experienced in all offset wells, with well-control events experienced in three out of five offset wells.