bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Active control of dielectric singularities in Indium-Tin-Oxides hyperbolic metamaterials: from deep-subwavelength collimation to Purcell effect optimization
Authors: Pianelli Alessandro , Caligiuri Vincenzo , Dudek Michał , Kowerdziej Rafał , Chodorow Urszula , Sielezin Karol , De luca Antonio , Caputo Roberto , Parka Janusz 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Dielectric Singularities (DSs) constitute one of the most exotic features occurring in the effective permittivity of artificial multilayers called Hyperbolic Metamaterials (HMMs). Associated to DSs, a rich phenomenology arises that justifies the ever-increasing interest profuse by the photonic community in achieving an active control of their properties. As an example, the possibility to “canalize” light down to the nanoscale as well as the capability of HMMs to interact with quantum emitters, placed in their proximity, enhancing their emission rate (Purcell effect), are worth mentioning. HMMs, however, suffer of an intrinsic lack of tunability. Several architectures have been proposed to overcome this limit and, among them, the use of graphene outstands. Graphene-based HMMs recently shown outstanding canalization capabilities achieving λ/1660 light collimation. Despite the exceptional performances promised by these structures, stacking graphene/oxide multilayers is still an experimental challenge, especially envisioning electrical gating of all the graphene layers. In this paper, we propose a valid alternative in which indium-tin-oxide (ITO) is used as an electrically tunable metal. Here we describe an ITO/SiO2 based HMM with electrically tunable canalization wavelength within the range between 1.57 μm and 2.74 μm. The structure we propose feature light confinement of λ/8.8 (resolution of about 178 nm), self-focusing of the light down to 0.26 mm and Purcell factor of approximately 700. The proposed HMM nanoarchitecture could be potentially used in applications like ultra-fast signal processing, high harmonic generation, lab-on-a-chip nanodevices, bulk plasmonic waveguides in integrated photonic circuits and laser diode collimators.
Enhanced fluoride adsorption and regeneration efficiency of cross-linker-free mesoporous hydroxyapatite/chitosan nanocomposites
Authors: Sekar Saranya , Panchu Sandeep Eswaran , Kolanthai Elayaraja , Subbaraya Narayana Kalkura 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The presence of F− ions in water is either a helpful or harmful outcome, contingent upon the concentration level of the pollutant. In this work, hydroxyapatite/chitosan (HAp/CS) nanocomposites were prepared incorporating varying weight percentages of chitosan with HAp, using co-precipitation followed by lyophilization without employing any cross-linking agents for adsorption of F− ions. Increase in the concentration of chitosan with HAp matrix significantly enhanced the colloidal stability, F− ions adsorption capacity and reduced the particle size (length 38% and width 86%) compared to HAp. The maximum F− adsorption capacity of HAp/CS1, HAp/CS2, and HAp/CS4 nanocomposites are 56 mg/g, 80 mg/g and 100 mg/g at pH 7, which was considerably higher (10 times) than HAp when compared to other existing reports. The adsorption isotherm and kinetics of HAp and HAp/CS nanocomposite adsorbent confirm the monolayer and strong chemisorption. After adsorption of F− ions, the surface morphology of adsorbent changed from rod to sphere along with an increase in particle size, as confirmed by HR-TEM. Moreover, FTIR and XPS analysis revealed the surface interaction between adsorbent and F− ions through ion exchange and electrostatic interaction, which lead to formation of fluorapatite. HAp/CS4 showed 2.5 times higher sustainable regeneration efficiency (90% in 30 mins) up to 7th cycle than HAp. Furthermore, the solution pH (5–7) of treated water was maintained at neutral after fluoride adsorption, making the water potable. Hence, these results demonstrate that chitosan plays a major role in removal of F− ion and this composite is ideal for F− adsorption application.
Machine Learning for Predicting Metabolic Syndrome and its Prognostic Factors
Authors: Bakhtawar Shahzadi , Bashir Komal , Anjum Fatima , Kanwal Faria , Afzaal Ayesha , Ali Ayesha Haider 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This study explores the potential for early detection of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) using Machine Learning (ML) techniques. Dissection of prognostic components inciting the syndrome could help patients take cautious steps to prevent it in the early stages. MetS outnumbered diabetics by three to one, a 2020 report found that one billion people worldwide were affected. Patients with MetS typically have no symptoms or signs of the condition and are left undiagnosed. These conditions include extensive circulatory tension, high glucose levels, muscular overload around the abdomen, and unusual levels of cholesterol or fat. Supervised ML techniques like Naïve Bayes, Support Vector Machines, Random Forest, Logistic Regression, C4.5, Cart, etc. are widely used for predictions and diagnoses in various fields. It has been extensively used in medical sciences as well. ML is used for the prediction of the progression of certain diseases and analysis of important parameters in the medical domain. This research uses the aforementioned algorithms for the prediction of MetS using the patients’ dataset. The results were analyzed using precision-recall and Area Under the Curve (AUC) of Receiver Operating characteristic Curve (ROC). The results showed that Naïve Bayes predicted MetS more accurately showing 94.1% accuracy than the rest of the algorithms, while Random Forest surpassed the other tree-based algorithm. According to the results of this research, the prognosis factors for MetS identification are hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, or a combination of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) dyslipidemia, hypertension, and obesity. Monitoring these factors reduces the risk of MetS occurrence, assists in the prevention, and provides important information for treatment in the early stages.
A novel capnogram analysis to guide ventilation during continuous chest compressions resuscitation. From clinical to experimental observations
Authors: Lesimple Arnaud , Fritz Caroline , Hutin Alice , Charbonney Emmanuel , Savary Dominique , Delisle Stéphane , Ouellet Paul , Bronchti Gilles , Lidouren Fanny , Piraino Thomas , Beloncle François , Prouvez Nathan , Broc Alexandre , Mercat Alain , Brochard Laurent , Tissier Renaud , Richard Jean-Christophe , CAVIAR Cardiac Arrest and Ventilation International Association for 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Cardio-Pulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) decreases lung volume below the functional residual capacity and can generate intrathoracic airway closure. Conversely, large insufflations can induce thoracic distension and jeopardize circulation. The capnogram (CO2 signal) obtained during continuous chest compressions can reflect intrathoracic airway closure and we hypothesized here that it can also indicate thoracic distension. Objectives: to test whether a specific capnogram may identify thoracic distension during CPR and assess its impact on gas exchange and hemodynamics. Methods: 1. In out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients, we identified on capnograms three patterns: intrathoracic airway closure, thoracic distension or regular pattern. An algorithm was designed to identify them automatically.2. To link CO2 patterns with ventilation, we conducted three experiments:i) Reproducing the CO2 patterns in human cadavers. ii) Assessing the influence of tidal volume and respiratory mechanics on thoracic distension using a mechanical lung model. iii) Exploring the impact of thoracic distension patterns on different circulation parameters during CPR on a pig model. Measurements and main results: Clinical data: 202 patients were included. Intrathoracic airway closure was present in 35%, thoracic distension in 22% and regular pattern in 43%. Experiments:i) Higher insufflated volumes reproduced thoracic distension CO2 patterns in 5 cadavers. ii) In the mechanical lung model, thoracic distension patterns were associated with higher volumes and longer time constants. iii) In six pigs during CPR with various tidal volumes, a CO2 pattern of thoracic distension, but not tidal volume per se, was associated with a significant decrease in blood pressure and cerebral perfusion. Conclusions: During CPR, intrathoracic airway closure, thoracic distension or regular pattern can be identified by capnogram analysis. A thoracic distension pattern on the capnogram may indicate a negative impact of ventilation on blood pressure and cerebral perfusion during CPR, not predicted by tidal volume per se.
Phenomenological model of hardening and flow for Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy sheets under hot forming conditions
Authors: Fu Kunning , Peng Heli , Zheng Kailun , Yuan Shijian 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Hardening is the core factor to determine deformation uniformity in sheet metal forming. Hot deformation of titanium alloy sheets encounters the coupled effects of strain hardening, strain rate hardening and softening, which makes the determination of forming parameters aiming for an enhanced hardening very difficult in practical processes. This paper presents a new model to quantify the hardening of Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy sheets under hot forming conditions based on the underlying correlation between uniform strain and hardening. Firstly, to precisely determine hot deformation characteristics of titanium alloy sheets, hot tensile uniaxial tests using Gleeble systems at various strain rates of 0.01-1 s− 1 and temperatures of 973–1123 K were performed systematically. A newly developed volume-based correction method for stress-strain curves of Gleeble thermo-mechanical testing was proposed to eliminate the damaging effect of temperature gradients on strain calculations, which enables the strain hardening, strain rate hardening and softening to be determined precisely. Then, a simple unified formula of hardening components (n, m and s) was proposed to predict the achievable uniform strain at certain conditions efficiently. Using which, occupation of each hardening can be quantified and compared to facilitate the determination of process parameters. Finally, a phenomenological model based on the hardening and softening components was developed to predict the hot flow behaviour. The proposed quantitative model can provide an efficient and useful approach for process designers to design process parameters driven by the objective of enhancing hardening to maximize uniform deformation during hot forming of titanium alloy sheets.
A Fractal Portfolio Model of the RMB Exchange Rate
Authors: Zhao HongQiang 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Most classical economic theories are building on the hypothesis of effective market hypothesis that has many conflicts with realistic economy. With the economic development, the effective market hypothesis is outmoded. In this case, the fractal market hypothesis came out. This paper combined the fractal financial market theory with the portfolio exchange theory, originally proposed a fractal portfolio model. This model had the advances of both macro analysis and microanalysis. It is a latest exchange equilibrium model. Took the RMB exchange as an example, this paper empirically analyzed the equilibrium level of the RMB exchange rate. Moreover, inducted a classical portfolio balance model as a benchmarking, this fractal model is coincide with the benchmarking model. Consulting the equilibrium conclusions, this paper made some corresponding suggestions to keep the RMB exchange even and robust.
Determination of the phosphorus content in sewage sludge – comparison of different aqua regia digestion methods and ICP-OES, ICP-MS and photometric determination
Authors: Sichler Theresa Constanze , Becker Roland , Sauer Andreas , Barjenbruch M. , Ostermann Markus , Adam Christian 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Phosphorus recycling from sewage sludge will be obligatory in Germany from 2029. Phosphorus content determination in sewage sludge is crucial to assess the prescribed recycling rates. Currently, German law regards sample preparation using aqua regia digestion in a microwave or under reflux conditions as well as instrumental phosphorus determination by ICP-OES, ICP-MS or photometric determination with ammonium molybdate as equivalent. However, it is questionable whether these methods are indeed equivalent regarding phosphorus quantification in sludges near the limit of 20 g/kg for mandatory recycling. To answer this question, 15 sewage sludges of 11 different wastewater treatment plants were investigated with all permitted method (digestion and measurement) combinations. Moreover, one sewage sludge was also examined in an interlaboratory comparison (ILC) with 28 participants. This study shows that the above-mentioned methods differ in some cases significantly but across all method combinations and sludges, phosphorus recovery was between 80 and 121% after normalization to the grand mean (average of 15 sludges between 85–111%). The ILC and the examination of 15 sludges produced largely similar results. There is a tendency to higher phosphorus recovery after microwave digestion compared to reflux digestion and ICP-OES measurements determine higher phosphorus contents than ICP-MS and photometric phosphorus determination. As a result, the authors recommend ICP-OES determination of phosphorus in sewage sludge after microwave digestion.
PSMA-617 inhibits proliferation of human prostate cancer cells and enhances their radiosensitivity to 177Lu-PSMA-617
Authors: Zhao Yi , Culman Juraj , Nithack Niklas , Marx Marlies , Cascorbi Ingolf , Zuhayra Maaz , Lützen Ulf 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The human prostate – specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is substantially up-regulated in metastatic prostate cancer (PCa) cells. PSMA can be targeted by 177Lu conjugated to PSMA-617, a high-affinity ligand for the PSMA. The binding of the radioligand, 177Lu-PSMA-617, results in its internalization and delivery of β-radiation into the cancer cells. However, PSMA-617, a component of the final product in the synthesis of the radioligand, may also play a role in the pathophysiology of PCa cells. The present study clarifies the effects of PSMA-617 (10, 50 and 100 nM) on the expression of PSMA in PSMA-positive LNCaP cells, their proliferation and damage, and on the 177Lu-PSMA-617-induced cell death by WST-1 and lactate dehydrogenase assays, immunohistochemistry, Western blotting, immunofluorescence staining and uptake of 177Lu-PSMA-617. PSMA-617 at 100 nM concentration induced cell-growth arrest, down-regulated cyclin D1 and cyclin E1 (by 43 and 36 %, respectively) and up-regulated the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21Waf1/Cip1 (by 48 %). Immunofluorescence staining demonstrated reduced content of DNA, pointing to a lower rate of cell division. PSMA-617 (up to 100 nM) did not alter the uptake of 177Lu-PSMA-617 into the LNCaP cells. Interestingly, simultaneous treatment with 177Lu-PSMA-617 and PSMA-617 for 24 and 48 h substantially potentiated the cell-death promoting effects of the radioligand. In conclusion, the impeding tumour cell proliferation by PSMA-617 and its potentiation of the radiation-induced cell death brought about by 177Lu-PSMA-617 in PCa cells may considerably improve the outcome of the radiation therapy with 177Lu-PSMA-617, especially in patients with decreased radiosensitivity of PCa cells to the radioligand.
Evaluating ERIC-PCR for determining genetic diversity among Escherichia coli isolated from human and retail imported frozen shrimp and beef
Authors: Alsultan Afnan , Elhadi Nasreldin 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
There is a global concern and increasing reports regarding foodborne disease infections associated with consuming contaminated vegetables, seafood, meat, and poultry products. Among foodborne bacterial pathogens globally, Salmonella, Escherichia coli, and Shigella were the most frequently implicated in causing food poisoning infections in children and adults. In Saudi Arabia, the consumption rates of imported fresh fruits, vegetables, seafood, and meat products are considered high. Therefore, the development of epidemiological DNA fingerprinting methods is essential to trace foodborne bacterial pathogens among imported frozen meat and seafood products. A total of 38 E. coli strains were subtyped using ERIC1R, ERIC2, and a pair combination (ERIC1R+ERIC2) to generate genomic fingerprinting. The three Enterobacterial Repetitive Intergenic Consensus-Polymerase Chain Reaction (ERIC-PCR)-based primers were generated in 26, 24, and 16 different genotypes while using ERIC1R, ERIC2, and ERIC1R+ERIC2, respectively. The Discrimination Index values obtained by ERIC1R, ERIC2, and ERIC1R+ERIC2 were 0.976, 0.965, and 0.903, respectively. ERIC1R and ERIC2 primers had the best discriminatory ability and typeability value and proved suitable for epidemiological investigation and genetic analysis among the population of E. coli strains. At the same time, the ERIC1R+ERIC2 primer pair has average discriminatory power and typeability value for differentiating E. coli strains. These results suggest that subtyping using ERIC1R and ERIC2 primer is a more reliable and rapid typing strategy for E. coli strains.
Hemolytic Anemia Caused by Kinked Graft 6 Months After Aortic Dissection Repair: A Case Report
Authors: Tamura Kazuki , Tatsuishi Wataru , Konishi Yasunobu , Konnno Naoki , Katou Yusuke , Abe Tomonobu 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Clinically insignificant hemolytic anemia is occasionally a complication of prosthetic valve replacement. However, hemolysis related to kinked grafts is a very rare complication after central repair for acute aortic dissection.Case presentation: A 42-year-old man had undergone replacement of the ascending aorta and a root repair for type A aortic dissection 6 months previously. Laboratory data showed mild hemolysis 5 months later, and he began to complain of fatigue on exertion. The serum hemoglobin level reduced to 8.6 g/dL, and lactate dehydrogenase levels increased to 3071 IU/L with gross change in urine color, indicating hemoglobinuria. We diagnosed mechanical hemolytic anemia caused by a kinked graft and planned a repeat operation. The kinked graft was resected and graft-graft anastomosis was performed. Postoperatively, the clinical course was uneventful, and the hemolytic anemia completely resolved. Conclusion: We herein report a case of hemolytic anemia caused by kinking of the graft 6 months after acute aortic dissection repair. The diagnosis was swiftly made, and the patient was successfully managed with redo surgery.
Neutron fields at high- and low-energy particle accelerators: a novel experimental approach based on the DIAMON spectrometer
Authors: Braccini Saverio , Casolaro Pierluigi , Dellepiane Gaia , Mateu Isidre , Mercolli Lorenzo , Pola Andrea , Rastelli Dario , Scampoli Paola 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The characterization of particle accelerator induced neutron fields is challenging but fundamental for research and industrial activities, including radiation protection, neutron metrology, developments of neutron detectors for nuclear and high-energy physics, decommissioning of nuclear facilities, and studies of neutron damage on materials and electronic components. This work reports on the study of a novel approach to the experimental characterization of neutron spectra at two complex accelerator environments, namely the CERF, a high-energy mixed reference field at CERN in Geneva, and the Bern medical cyclotron laboratory, a facility used for multi-disciplinary research activities, and for commercial radioisotope production for nuclear medicine. In particular, measurements were performed through an innovative active neutron spectrometer called DIAMON, a device developed to provide in real time neutron energy spectra without the need of guess distributions. The intercomparison of DIAMON measurements with reference data, Monte Carlo simulations, and with the well-established neutron monitor Berthold LB 6411, has been found to be highly satisfactory in all conditions. It was demonstrated that DIAMON is an almost unique device able to characterize neutron fields induced by hadrons at 120 GeV/c as well as by protons at 18 MeV colliding with different materials. The accurate measurement of neutron spectra at medical cyclotrons during routine radionuclides production for nuclear medicine applications is of paramount importance for the facility decommissioning. The findings of this work are the basis for establishing a methodology for producing controlled proton-induced neutron beams with medical cyclotrons.
Determinable and interpretable network representation for link prediction
Authors: Deng Yue 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
As an intuitive description of complex physical, social, or brain systems, complex networks have fascinated scientists for decades. Recently, to abstract a network's structural and dynamical attributes for utilization, network representation has been one focus, mapping a network or its substructures (like nodes) into a low-dimensional vector space. Since the current methods are mostly based on machine learning, a black box of an input-output data fitting mechanism, generally the space's dimension is indeterminable and its elements are not interpreted. Although massive efforts to cope with this issue have included, for example, automated machine learning by computer scientists and computational theory by mathematics, the root causes still remain unresolved. Given that, from a physical perspective, this article proposes two determinable and interpretable node representation methods. To evaluate their effectiveness and generalization, this article further proposes Adaptive and Interpretable ProbS (AIProbS), a network-based model that can utilize node representations for link prediction. Experimental results showed that the AIProbS can reach state-of-the-art precision beyond baseline models, and by and large it can make a good trade-off with machine learning-based models on precision, determinacy, and interpretability, indicating that physical methods could also play a large role in the study of network representation.
Construction method of equipment defect domain ontology for next generation cloud computing
Authors: Yang Huafei , Yang Wenqing , Zhang Nan , Wei Shanming , Shang Yingnan 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Equipment defect domain ontology is the semantic basis for constructing equipment defect knowledge graph, which can be used to organize, share, and analyze equipment defect related knowledge. At present, there are many relevant data in the field of equipment defects, such as equipment information model, equipment management documents, and equipment defect reports. These equipment defect data often focus on a single aspect of the equipment defect field. It is difficult to integrate the database with various types of equipment defect information. This paper combines the characteristics of existing equipment defect data sources to build a general equipment defect domain ontology. This research can break the barrier of multi-source heterogeneous knowledge, build an efficient storage engine for multimodal data, and empower the safety of Industrial applications, data, and platforms in multi-clouds for Internet of Things (IoT).