bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Magnetic resonance imaging as a tool for quality control in extrusion‐based bioprinting
Authors: Schmieg Barbara , Gretzinger Sarah , Schuhmann Sebastian , Guthausen Gisela , Hubbuch Jürgen 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBioprinting is gaining importance for the manufacturing of tailor‐made hydrogel scaffolds in tissue engineering, pharmaceutical research and cell therapy. However, structure fidelity and geometric deviations of printed objects heavily influence mass transport and process reproducibility. Fast, three‐dimensional and nondestructive quality control methods will be decisive for the approval in larger studies or industry. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) meets these requirements for characterizing heterogeneous soft materials with different properties. Complementary to the idea of decentralized 3D printing, magnetic resonance tomography is common in medicine, and image data processing tools can be transferred system‐independently. In this study, a MRI measurement and image analysis protocol was evaluated to jointly assess the reproducibility of three different hydrogels and a reference material. Critical parameters for object quality, namely porosity, hole areas and deviations along the height of the scaffolds are discussed. Geometric deviations could be correlated to specific process parameters, anomalies of the ink or changes of ambient conditions. This strategy allows the systematic investigation of complex 3D objects as well as an implementation as a process control tool. Combined with the monitoring of metadata this approach might pave the way for future industrial applications of 3D printing in the field of biopharmaceutics.
Non‐steady‐state enzyme reaction dynamics
Authors: Kim Kyungwoo , Song Sanggeun , Sung Jaeyoung 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMichaelis–Menten (MM) enzyme kinetics is and has been widely used since early 20th century. However, the conventional enzyme kinetics is not accurate when the substrate is not in excess or when the steady‐state approximation does not hold. The steady‐state approximation worsens as the enzyme concentration exceeds its substrate concentration, which is the case in many biological processes. Here, to overcome this issue, we present a novel, quasi‐exact solution of the enzyme kinetic equations, which provides the time profiles of the substrate, enzyme‐substrate complex, and product concentrations. Our theory provides more accurate results than the previously reported theories for all parameter spaces investigated and yields a new relationship of the enzyme reaction time or the enzyme reaction rate to the substrate and enzyme concentrations. We demonstrate our results for the catalytic reaction of β‐galactosidase.
Functional MRI evaluation of cognitive effects of carotid stenosis revascularization
Authors: Chinda Betty , Tran Kim H , Doesburg Sam , Siu William , Medvedev George , Liang S Simon , Brooks‐Wilson Angela , Song Xiaowei 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIntroductionSevere internal carotid stenosis, if left untreated, can pose serious risks for ischemic stroke and cognitive impairments. The effects of revascularization on any aspects of cognition, however, are not well understood, as conflicting results are reported, which have mainly been centered on paper‐based cognitive analyses. Here, we summarized and evaluated the publications to date of functional MRI (fMRI) studies that examined the mechanisms of functional brain activation and connectivity as a way to reflect cognitive effects of revascularization on patients with carotid stenosis.MethodsA PubMed and Google Scholar (covering the relevant literature until November 1, 2021) search yielded eight original studies of the research line, including seven resting‐state and one task‐based fMRI reports.ResultsFindings demonstrated treatment‐related alterations in fMRI signal intensity and symmetry level, regional fMRI activation pattern, and functional brain network connectivity. The functional brain changes were associated largely with improvement in cognitive function assessed using standard cognitive test scores.ConclusionsThese findings support the contribution of fMRI to the understanding of brain functional activation and connectivity changes revealing cognitive effects of revascularization in the management of severe carotid stenosis. The review also highlighted the importance of reproducibility through enhancing experimental designs and cognitive task applications with future research for potential clinical translation.
The role of consumer mindsets to reduce health‐related stress
Authors: Hong JungHwa (Jenny) , Ahn Sun Young , Camp Kerri M. , James Kevin 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMedical professionals often struggle to persuade patients to adopt a healthy lifestyle. Despite consumers' increased interest in adopting a healthy lifestyle, the pursuit of wellness could make consumers feel stressed, which can cause or lead to many diseases. To reduce their stress, consumers can use either a problem‐focused or emotion‐focused coping strategy. A problem‐focused coping strategy focuses on potential actions one can take in response to stress. In contrast, an emotion‐focused coping strategy focuses on the emotional consequences of the situation and regulating the resulting emotions. Based on implicit self‐theories, this research suggests that consumers' different mindsets, either a growth or fixed mindset, influence their preferences for coping strategies to mitigate stress. The results of this study indicated that consumers with a growth mindset (vs. a fixed mindset) prefer to use a problem‐focused coping strategy (vs. emotion‐focused coping strategy) to reduce health‐related stress. Process evidence suggests that the findings are driven by differences in consumers' mindsets and how much they attribute their stress to controllable factors. Practical implications are discussed and include approaches medical professionals can use to implement a tailored messaging strategy based on the patient's mindset.
Do parasocial relationships and the quality of communication with AI shopping chatbots determine middle‐aged women consumers' continuance usage intentions?
Authors: Lee Minsun , Park Jee‐Sun 
Published: March 2022

AbstractArtificial intelligence (AI) assistants, or chatbots, have become widely used on several retailers' websites. Effective interaction and communication with AI chatbots can deliver a better consumer experience by assisting with decision‐making, ultimately supporting purchase intentions. Based on parasocial theory, this study focuses on how interactions with AI shopping chatbots impact consumers' perceptions of communication quality, satisfaction, and continuance usage intentions. Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS‐SEM) was employed to assess the proposed research model using data from 184 Korean middle‐aged women who shop online. Participants completed the shopping process with the assistance of an AI shopping chatbot and responded to survey items about their experiences. In particular, the findings reveal the structural process whereby a consumer's parasocial relationship with an AI shopping chatbot ultimately increases continuance usage intentions through perceived communication quality and satisfaction. The results indicate that a parasocial relationship positively influences communication quality with the chatbot, which in turn increases satisfaction and continuance usage intentions. These findings provide marketers with theoretical and practical guidance for enhancing consumer experiences in the online shopping environment.
Development, validation, and reproducibility of the pullback pressure gradient (PPG) derived from manual fractional flow reserve pullbacks
Authors: Sonck Jeroen , Mizukami Takuya , Johnson Nils P. , Nagumo Sakura , Gallinoro Emanuele , Candreva Alessandro , Mileva Niya , Munhoz Daniel , Shinke Toshiro , Svanerud Johan , Barbato Emanuele , De Bruyne Bernard , Collet Carlos 
Published: March 2022

AbstractFractional flow reserve (FFR) pullbacks assess the location and magnitude of pressure drops along the coronary artery. The pullback pressure gradient (PPG) quantifies the FFR pullback curve and provides a numeric expression of focal versus diffuse coronary artery disease. This study aims (1) to validate the PPG using manual FFR pullbacks compared with motorized FFR pullbacks as a reference; and (2) to determine the intra‐ and interoperator reproducibility of the PPG derived from manual FFR pullbacks. Patients with stable coronary artery disease and an FFR ≤ 0.80 were included. All patients underwent FFR pullback evaluation either with a motorized device or manually, depending on the study cohort. The agreement of the PPG between repeated pullbacks was assessed using the Bland–Altman method. Overall, 116 FFR pullback maneuvers (96 manual and 20 motorized) were analyzed. There was excellent agreement between the PPG derived from manual and motorized pullbacks (mean difference −0.01 ± 0.07, 95% limits of agreement [LOA] −0.14 to 0.12). The intra‐ and interoperator reproducibility of PPG derived from manual pullbacks were excellent (mean difference <0.01, 95% LOA −0.11 to 0.12, and mean difference <0.01, 95% LOA −0.12 to 0.11, respectively). The duration of the pullback maneuver did not impact the reproducibility of the PPG (r = 0.12, 95% CI: −0.29 to 0.49, p = 0.567). Manual pullbacks allow for an accurate PPG calculation. The inter‐ and intraoperator reproducibility of PPG derived from manual pullbacks were excellent.
Coronary complete revascularization strategy: A puzzle still hard to complete
Authors: Tarantini Giuseppe , Cardaioli Francesco 
Published: March 2022

Key Points

Most SIHD patients present with MVD. The role and impact of CR in this setting is still a matter of debate.
This study shows that SIDH patients, especially those older and affected by multiple comorbidities, may benefit from a CR strategy during index procedure.
While waiting for further evidence, CR may be a reasonable approach for SIHD MVD patients. However, careful patient selection is mandatory to achieve satisfactory results without undue patient risk.
Leak closure following left atrial appendage exclusion procedures: A multicenter registry
Authors: Killu Ammar M. , Gbolabo Adeola Oluwaseun , Della Rocca Domenico G. , Ellis Christopher , Sugrue Alan M. , Simard Trevor , Friedman Paul A. , Kawsara Akram , Horton Rodney P. , Natale Andrea , Alkhouli Mohamad , Holmes David R. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundThough infrequent, incomplete left atrial appendage closure (LAAC) may result from residual leaks. Percutaneous closure has been described though data is limited.MethodsWe compiled a registry from four centers of patients undergoing percutaneous closure of residual leaks following LAAC via surgical means or with the Watchman device. Leak severity was classified as none (no leak), mild (1–2 mm), moderate (3–4 mm), or severe (≥5 mm). Procedural and clinical success was defined as the elimination of leak or mild residual leak at the conclusion of the procedure or follow‐up, respectively.ResultsOf 72 (age 72.2 ± 9.2 years; 67% male) patients, 53 had undergone prior LAAC using the Watchman device and 19 patients surgical LAAC. Mean CHADS2‐VA2Sc score was 4.0 ± 1.8. The median leak size was 5 mm, range: 2–13). A total of 13 received Amplatzer Vascular Plug‐II, 18 received Amplatzer Duct Occluder‐II and 40 patients received coils. One underwent closure using a 21 mm‐Watchman. Procedural success was 94%. Zero surgical and nine Watchman patients (13%) had a residual leak at procedural‐end (five mild, three moderate, and one severe)—only one patient had no reduction in leak size. Overall leak size reduction was 94%. Two (3%) had intraoperative pericardial effusion. There were no device embolizations, device‐related thrombi, or procedural deaths. Clinical success was maintained at 94%. Two had cerebrovascular accidents—at 2 days (transient ischemic attack) and 10 months postprocedure. Two had major bleeding outside the 30‐day periprocedural window.ConclusionPercutaneous closure of residual leaks following left atrial appendage closure is feasible and associated with good outcomes. The procedural risk appears to be satisfactory.
Unilateral digital clubbing in hemiplegia due to a putaminal hemorrhage
Authors: Kinjo Takeshi , Arakaki Wakako , Fujita Jiro 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDigital clubbing usually occurs bilaterally; however, unilateral clubbing can be seen in hemiplegia and local vascular lesions. We highlight a case of unilateral digital clubbing due to putaminal hemorrhage. Further accumulation of cases will enable exploration of the mechanisms of clubbing.
Digital video electrochemistry (DVEC) applied to the study of Prussian Blue films
Authors: García‐Jareño José J. , Agrisuelas Jerónimo , Roig Antoni F. , Vicente Francisco 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPrussian Blue films were electrogenerated on a Pt disc electrode and color changes were studied by digital video electrochemistry together with cyclic voltammetry. Three systems of peaks were detected. Peaks corresponding to the reduction to the Everitt's Salt form and to the oxidation to Prussian Yellow are well related to color changes expressed as color intensities derivatives. Color changes showed that these peaks involved complexes mechanisms and intermediate species were detected. These also showed the existence of different sites of iron atoms in the crystal structure with different reactivity. A non‐zero baseline and a third electrochemical process at the more negative potentials proved not related to color changes.
Electron‐Rich Diruthenium Complexes with π‐Extended Alkenyl Ligands and Their F4TCNQ Charge‐Transfer Salts**
Authors: Das Rajorshi , Linseis Michael , Schupp Stefan M. , Schmidt‐Mende Lukas , Winter Rainer F. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe synthesis of dinuclear ruthenium alkenyl complexes with {Ru(CO)(PiPr3)2(L)} entities (L=Cl−in complexesRu2‐3andRu2‐7; L=acetylacetonate (acac−) in complexesRu2‐4andRu2‐8) and with π‐conjugated 2,7‐divinylphenanthrenediyl (Ru2‐3,Ru2‐4) or 5,8‐divinylquinoxalinediyl (Ru2‐7,Ru2‐8) as bridging ligands are reported. The bridging ligands are laterally π‐extended by anellating a pyrene (Ru2‐7,Ru2‐8) or a 6,7‐benzoquinoxaline (Ru2‐3,Ru2‐4) π‐perimeter. This was done with the hope that the open π‐faces of the electron‐rich complexes will foster association with planar electron acceptors via π‐stacking. The dinuclear complexes were subjected to cyclic and square‐wave voltammetry and were characterized in all accessible redox states by IR, UV/Vis/NIR and, where applicable, by EPR spectroscopy. These studies signified the one‐electron oxidized forms of divinylphenylene‐bridged complexesRu2‐7,Ru2‐8as intrinsically delocalized mixed‐valent species, and those of complexesRu2‐3andRu2‐4with the longer divinylphenanthrenediyl linker as partially localized on the IR, yet delocalized on the EPR timescale. The more electron‐rich acac−congeners formed non‐conductive 1 : 1 charge‐transfer (CT) salts on treatment with the F4TCNQ electron acceptor. All spectroscopic techniques confirmed the presence of pairs of complex radical cations and F4TCNQ.−radical anions in these CT salts, but produced no firm evidence for the relevance of π‐stacking to their formation and properties.
Elaborated Reaction Pathway of Photothermal Catalytic CO2 Conversion with H2O on Gallium Oxide‐Decorated and ‐Defective Surfaces
Authors: Zhang Li , Li Zheng , Zhang Xu‐Han , Xu Chen‐Yu , Zhang Yan‐Wei 
Published: March 2022

AbstractGa2O3‐decorated and ‐defective surface models based on anatase TiO2 have been established. The thermodynamic reaction pathways, including protonation, deoxygenation and hydroxylation steps, during CO2 conversion with H2O to C1 products were calculated. The calculation results demonstrate that a Ga2O3 cocatalyst enhances the selective adsorption of CO2 and slightly weakens the competitive adsorption of H2O. The promotion effect of Ga2O3 on the subsequent reaction depends on the availability of protons and electrons. Free‐energy calculations revealed that the basic functional site generated by Ga2O3 not only suppresses the back reaction of the OH group after H2O directly provides protons but also maintains the surface defect oxygen vacancy (VO), which promotes the reaction thermodynamics but tends to be consumed in the process. Additionally, Ga2O3 decoration promotes VO formation, and the coexistence of Ga2O3 and VO further decreases the reaction rate‐determining step energy barrier, promoting C1 production.
Estimation of the plasma volume status of elderly patients with acute decompensated heart failure using bedside clinical, biological, and ultrasound parameters
Authors: Leahova‐Cerchez Xenia , Berthelot Emmanuelle , Genet Bastien , Hanon Olivier , Jourdain Patrick 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectiveAssessment of intravascular volume status to ensure optimization before hospital discharge could significantly reduce readmissions. It is difficult to evaluate congestion on clinical signs during an episode of acute heart failure (ADHF) in elderly patients.HypothesisThere is an association between various volume overload parameters in patients older than 75 years.MethodsWe performed a single‐center prospective longitudinal study of patients older than 75 years hospitalized for acute heart failure. We analyzed the association between congestion assessment based on clinical signs, inferior vena cava (IVC) diameter measured by ultrasound, biological evaluation with N terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP), and estimated plasma volume (EPV) during decongestive therapy. We also monitored changes in renal function.ResultsFifty consecutive ADHF patients (85.2 ± 5.9 years, 68% female) were included in the study. At admission, a dilated, noncompliant IVC was found in all patients. The strongest correlations between different parameters of volume overload estimation were found between IVC and jugular vein distention (r = .8; p < .001), then IVC and oedema (r = .6; p < .001), IVC and crackles (r = .3; p < .036), then IVC and NT‐proBNP (r = .3; p = .02). There was no correlation between EPV and signs of congestion. Patients who had no congestive signs on clinical or IVC examination at Day 2, more often presented with acute renal failure.ConclusionIn ADHF patients older than 75 years, clinical and IVC evaluation of intravascular congestion correlate well. The concomitant assessment of clinical signs and IVC may prevent depletion‐related renal failure.
Definition‐specific prevalence estimates for sarcopenia in an Australian population: the Geelong Osteoporosis Study
Authors: Sui Sophia X. , Holloway‐Kew Kara L. , Hyde Natalie K. , Williams Lana J. , Tembo Monica C. , Leach Sarah , Pasco Julie A. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundWe aimed to compare prevalence estimates for sarcopenia in an Australian sample of older men and women by using different criteria.MethodsWomen (n = 323) and men (n = 342) aged 60–96 years from the Geelong Osteoporosis Study were included. Handgrip strength (HGS) was measured by dynamometer (Jamar or Vernier) and appendicular lean mass (ALM) by whole‐body densitometry (Lunar). Sarcopenia definitions included European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) 1, EWGSOP2, and US Foundation for the National Institutes of Health (FNIH). Sarcopenia was identified as low HGS and low ALM/height2 or low muscle performance, and low HGS and low ALM/body mass index (BMI). Prevalence estimates were standardized to the Australian population and agreement between definitions assessed using the Cohen kappa statistic (κ).ResultsLow HGS was identified in 13.7–29.9% of women and 2.1–14.1% of men. Low ALM/height2 was identified in 7.1–11.8% of women and 6.0–8.4% of men, while 21.7% of women and 21.1% of men had low ALM/BMI. Mean age‐standardized prevalence estimates for sarcopenia were 5.9% (95% confidence interval 3.4–8.4) for women and 2.9% (1.9–4.0) for men (EWGSOP1), 2.3% (1.1–3.4) for women and 0.5% (0.2–0.9) for men (EWGSOP2), and 4.0% (2.1–5.8) for women and 1.1% (0.6–1.5) for men (FNIH). There was moderate agreement between EWGSOP1 and EWGSOP2 (κ = 0.58 women, 0.30 men) and poor agreement between FNIH and EWGSOP1 (κ = 0.16 women, 0.12 men) and EWGSOP2 (κ = 0.19 women, 0 men).ConclusionsSarcopenia prevalence differed according to definition applied. Point estimates for sarcopenia prevalence according to EWGSOP2 identified fewer individuals than EWGSOP1, with FNIH estimates between the two; however, there were overlapping 95% confidence intervals across definitions.
Ambient‐Temperature Reductive Amination of 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural Over Al2O3‐Supported Carbon‐Doped Nickel Catalyst
Authors: Hu Qizhi , Jiang Shi , Wu Yue , Xu Hongzhong , Li Guoqing , Zhou Yu , Wang Jun 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAn efficient catalytic system for the conversion of 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) into N‐containing compounds over low‐cost non‐noble‐metal catalysts is preferable, but it is challenging to reach high conversion and selectivity under mild conditions. Herein, an Al2O3‐supported carbon‐doped Ni catalyst was obtained via the direct pyrolysis‐reduction of a mixture of Ni3(BTC)2 ⋅ 12H2O and Al2O3, generating stable Ni0 species due to the presence of carbon residue. A high yield of 96 % was observed in the reductive amination of HMF into 5‐hydroxymethyl furfurylamine (HMFA) with ammonia and hydrogen at ambient temperature. The catalyst was recyclable and could be applied to the ambient‐temperature synthesis of HMF‐based secondary/tertiary amines and other biomass‐derived amines from the carbonyl compounds. The significant performance was attributable to the synergistic effect of Ni0 species and acidic property of the support Al2O3, which promoted the selective ammonolysis of the imine intermediate while inhibiting the potential side reaction of over‐hydrogenation.
Community structure of pollinating insects and its driving factors in different habitats of Shivapuri‐Nagarjun National Park, Nepal
Authors: Dyola Urmila , Baniya Chitra Bahadur , Acharya Pushpa Raj , Subedi Pradip , Pandey Anjeela , Sapkota Kumar 
Published: March 2022

AbstractInsect pollinators are important means for a stable ecosystem. The habitat types play a crucial role in the community composition, abundance, diversity, and species richness of the pollinators. The present study in Shivapuri‐Nagarjun National Park explored the species richness and abundances of insect pollinators in four different habitats and different environmental variables in determining the community composition of the pollinators. Data were collected from 1,500 m to 2,700 m using color pan traps and hand sweeping methods. Non‐Metric Multidimensional Scaling (NMDS) and Redundancy Analysis (RDA) were conducted to show the association between insect pollinators and environmental variables. The results firmly demonstrated that species richness and abundances were higher (158) in Open trail compared to other habitats. The distribution of the pollinator species was more uniform in the Open trail followed by the Grassland. Similarly, a strong positive correlation between flower resources and pollinators' abundance (R2 = .63, P < .001) was found. In conclusion, the Open trail harbors rich insect pollinators in lower elevation. The community structure of the pollinators was strongly influenced by the presence of flowers in the trails.