bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spatial Structures in the Globular Cluster Distribution of Fornax Cluster Galaxies
Authors: D’Abrusco Raffaele , Zegeye David , Fabbiano Giuseppina , Cantiello Michele , Paolillo Maurizio , Zezas Andreas 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We report the discovery of statistically significant spatial structures in the projected two-dimensional distributions of Globular Cluster (GC) systems of 10 galaxies that are among the brightest in the Fornax Cluster. We use a catalog of GCs extracted from the Hubble Space Telescope Advanced Camera for Surveys Fornax Cluster Survey imaging data. We characterize the size, shape, and location relative to the host galaxies of the GC structures and suggest a classification based on their morphology and location that is suggestive of different formation mechanisms. We also investigate the GC structures in the context of the positions of their host galaxies relative to the general spatial distributions of galaxies and intracluster GCs in the Fornax Cluster. We finally estimate the dynamical masses of the progenitors of some GC structures under the assumption that they are the relics of past accretion events of satellite galaxies by their hosts.
Recent Formation of a Spiral Disk Hosting Progenitor Globular Clusters at the Center of the Perseus Brightest Cluster Galaxy. I. Spiral Disk
Authors: Yeung Michael C. H. , Ohyama Youichi , Lim Jeremy 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We address the nature and origin of a spiral disk at the center of NGC 1275, the giant elliptical galaxy at the center of the Perseus cluster, that spans a radius of ∼5 kpc. By comparing stellar absorption lines measured in long-slit optical spectra with synthetic spectra for single stellar populations, we find that fitting of these lines requires two stellar populations: (i) a very young population that peaks in radial velocity at ±250 km s−1 of the systemic velocity within a radius of ∼720 pc of the nucleus, a 1σ velocity dispersion significantly lower than 140 km s−1, and an age of 0.15 ± 0.05 Gyr; and (ii) a very old population having a constant radial velocity with a radius corresponding to the systemic velocity, a much broader velocity dispersion of ∼250 km s−1, and an age of around 10 Gyr. We attribute the former to a post-starburst population associated with the spiral disk, and the latter to the main stellar body of NGC 1275 along the same sight line. If the spiral disk is the remnant of a cannibalized galaxy, then its progenitor would have had to retain an enormous amount of gas in the face of intensive ram-pressure stripping so as to form a total initial mass in stars of ∼3 × 109
M
⊙. More likely, the central spiral originally comprised a gaseous body accreted over the distant past from a residual cooling flow, before experiencing a starburst ∼0.15 Gyr ago to form its stellar body.
Deep Learning of Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument Mock Spectra to Find Damped Lyα Systems
Authors: Wang Ben , Zou Jiaqi , Cai Zheng , Prochaska J. Xavier , Sun Zechang , Ding Jiani , Font-Ribera Andreu , Gonzalez Alma , Herrera-Alcantar Hiram K. , Irsic Vid , Lin Xiaojing , Brooks David , Chabanier Soléne , Belsunce Roger de , Palanque-Delabrouille Nathalie , Tarle Gregory , Zhou Zhimin 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We have updated and applied a convolutional neural network (CNN) machine-learning model to discover and characterize damped Lyα systems (DLAs) based on Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) mock spectra. We have optimized the training process and constructed a CNN model that yields a DLA classification accuracy above 99% for spectra that have signal-to-noise ratios (S/N) above 5 per pixel. The classification accuracy is the rate of correct classifications. This accuracy remains above 97% for lower S/N ≈1 spectra. This CNN model provides estimations for redshift and H i column density with standard deviations of 0.002 and 0.17 dex for spectra with S/N above 3 pixel−1. Also, this DLA finder is able to identify overlapping DLAs and sub-DLAs. Further, the impact of different DLA catalogs on the measurement of baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO) is investigated. The cosmological fitting parameter result for BAO has less than 0.61% difference compared to analysis of the mock results with perfect knowledge of DLAs. This difference is lower than the statistical error for the first year estimated from the mock spectra: above 1.7%. We also compared the performances of the CNN and Gaussian Process (GP) models. Our improved CNN model has moderately 14% higher purity and 7% higher completeness than an older version of the GP code, for S/N > 3. Both codes provide good DLA redshift estimates, but the GP produces a better column density estimate by 24% less standard deviation. A credible DLA catalog for the DESI main survey can be provided by combining these two algorithms.
Impact of Maternal and Neonatal Vitamin D Status on the Development of Congenital Anomalies in Egyptian Model
Authors: Mohamed Suzan Abd Razik , El Barbary Mohamed N. , Ahmed Wafaa Osman , El Maksoud Sahar S. Abd , Ibrahim Zakaria H. , Hashem Heba E. , Obaid Ahmad A. , Khalifa Mohamed , Selim Dalia 
Published: March 2022

Background: Vitamin D (VD) is a remarkable problem during pregnancy. VD plays a crucial role in cellular growth and differentiation during embryogenesis. VD deficiency in pregnancy is associated with various maternal and neonatal comorbidities.
Aim: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the potential association between maternal and neonatal vitamin D status and the subsequent development of congenital anomalies.
Patients and methods: A case-control study involving 30 mothers and their neonates born with gross structural congenital anomalies as cases and 30 mothers and their healthy neonates as controls recruited from Ain Shams University Children Hospital. Maternal and Neonatal blood samples were obtained to determine serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D. The 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration was stratified into a severe deficient<10ng/ml, deficient <20ng/ml, insufficient 20-29ng/ml and sufficient >30ng/ml. Status above 150ng/ml presents high risk of toxicity.
Results: There were statistically significant differences between the two groups regarding maternal and neonatal vitamin D serum level within 29 days postpartum. Mean maternal vitamin D level in cases was 23.8ng/ml versus 42.13ng/ml in controls (P = 0,000). Mean neonatal vitamin D level in cases was 15.97ng/ml versus 28.9ng/ml in controls (P = 0,000).There was significant positive correlation between both maternal and neonatal vitamin D level with birth weight.
Conclusion: A compromised maternal vitamin D status is associated with an increased prevalence of congenital anomalies in offspring. Therefore, improvement of the periconceptional maternal vitamin D status is recommended.
CK19 and OV6 Expressions in the Liver of 2-AAF/CCl4 Rat Model
Authors: Arwinda Romy , Liem Isabella Kurnia , Fatril Ayu Eka , Oktorina Fanny , Husna Firda Asma'ul , Kodariah Ria , Wuyung Puspita Eka 
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND: Liver regeneration on a chronic liver injury with rat model research is urgent to study the pathology of human chronic diseases. 2-Acetylaminofluorene (2-AAF) and Carbon Tetrachloride (CCl4) can be applied to study about liver regeneration by liver stem cells, known as oval cells. The use of 2-AAF and CCl4 (2-AAF/CCl4) to induce chronic liver injury can lead severe hepatocyte damages and extensive fibrosis.
AIM: to observed the OV6 and CK19 expression in the liver of 2AAF/CCl4 rat model.
METHODS: In this research, a high dose of 2-AAF (10mg/kg) was applied and combined repeatedly with CCl4 (2ml/kg) for 12 weeks. An immunohistochemistry (IHC) procedure by using OV6 and CK19 antibodies was also applied to examine the regeneration of oval cells. Both antibodies expressions were then examined semi-quantitatively according to the expressions percentage of each sample based on the liver zone. We have observed the OV6 and CK19 expressions in every zone, including in portae hepatis area.
RESULTS: The results showed that OV6 and CK19 with the highest expression in the zone I. A significant difference between OV6 and CK19 expressions was revealed in healthy (control group) and 2-AAF/CCl4 groups (both indicating p=0.045). Moreover, a ductular reaction was also found in Zone I and II of the 2-AAF/CCl4.
CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that 2-AAF/CCl4 induced chronic rat liver injury model, could be utilized to investigate the oval cells with OV6 and CK19 expression.
Current Sites of Infections and Types of Microorganisms in Patient with Febrile Neutropenia in Hematological Wards – Single Center Study
Authors: Naji Alaadin , SarKo Saman , Atta Sama 
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND: Febrile neutropenia occurs in more than 80% of patients with hematological malignances specially after chemotherapy cycles and an infectious source is identified in approximately 20–30%. Various bacterial, viral, and fungal pathogen contribute to the development of neutropenic fever and without prompt antibiotic therapy mortality rate can be as high as 70%.

AIM: The objective of the study was to document the current sites of infection in patients with febrile neutropenia in hematological ward in Baghdad Teaching Hospital, the microorganisms and antibiotic susceptibly in culture positive cases and mortality rate in 1 week and 4 weeks after episode of fever.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: One hundred cases of febrile neutropenia were evaluated in Hematological Ward of Baghdad Teaching Hospital from January 2019 to January 2020. Detailed history, physical examination, and laboratory investigations were conducted and statistical analysis of the results was done.

RESULTS: One hundred cases of febrile neutropenia, mean age of presentation was 41.56 ± 10.5 years. Acute myeloid leukemia (36%) and acute lymphocytic leukemia (26%) were the most common underlying hematological disorder, followed by Aplastic Anemia, Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, and Hodgkin Lymphoma. Temperature ranged from 38°C to 39°C with mean temperature of 38.4°C and most of the patient presented with short duration of fever, 57% had absolute neutrophil count below 150 cells/μL with mean duration of neutropenia was 14.01 days. Respiratory tract was the most common site of infection (52%) followed by urinary tract (18%) and in 16% had no obvious focus of infection. Thirty percent of cases were culture Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganism which were more common 62.9% which were generally sensitive to Aminoglycosides while Gram-positive microorganism constituted 29.6% of isolated bacteria and were generally sensitive to vancomycin. No mortality documented 1 and 4 weeks after fever.

CONCLUSION: We concluded that the most frequent sites of infection in patient with febrile neutropenia were respiratory tract followed by urinary tract infection, while 16% had undetermined source of infection. Thirty percent of patients had a positive blood culture with Escherichia coli being the most common infecting microorganism, Gram-negative microorganisms were more common than Gram-positive microorganism and fungal infection constituted about 6% of growth. Significant association was found between the fever and longer duration of neutropenia and the greater severity of neutropenia was observed. No mortality related to febrile neutropenia was documented.
Rencontre avec un ange gardien et élaboration du deuil
Authors: Dollander Marianne 
Published: March 2022

Dans cet article, l’auteure relate le suivi psychothérapique d’un patient endeuillé en proie à des idéations suicidaires, vivant en outre des expériences exceptionnelles (sous forme de dialogue avec son épouse décédée, identifiée à un ange gardien). Dans une partie théorique, elle décrit de quelle manière les conceptions sur le travail de deuil ont évolué, passant du paradigme dominant de la rupture de liens à un paradigme de la continuation des liens. Elle développe la question des sensations de présence (autrement appelées vécus subjectifs de contact avec des défunts, nécrophanies, etc.) et s’interroge sur la nature psychodynamique de l’objet « ange gardien ». Du point de vue de la prise en charge, elle démontre de quelle manière le cadre contenant de la thérapie a permis au patient de sortir de ses pulsions mortifères. Elle décrypte également les processus par lesquels le travail avec les nécrophanies de ce dernier a facilité l’élaboration de son deuil. Elle conclut sur des considérations traitant de la prise en charge des patients vivant des expériences exceptionnelles 1 .
Construction de systèmes de croyances et controverses autour du Covid-19
Authors: Mondello Gérard 
Published: March 2022

La pandémie de Covid-19 a vu émerger les opinions publiques dans la décision sanitaire publique qui l’on souvent fortement contestée. En s’appuyant à la fois sur les travaux de psychologie comportementale et de psycho-sociologie récents, ainsi que sur la théorie de l’ambiguïté, cette contribution tente d’analyser les raisons de ce doute. On distinguera deux types de patients, les « analytiques » et « intuitifs » pour expliquer les choix pour une action donnée. Cette distinction réalisée a priori n’est pas suffisante pour expliquer les choix d’un type donné car le degré d’aversion pour l’ambiguïté, l’attitude vis-à-vis de l’ambiguïté peuvent modifier ce dernier. C’est en fait la croyance dans la capacité d’un traitement de guérir par rapport à un autre qui se révèle fondamentale pour déterminer le choix pour l’un d’entre eux. JEL : I1, I18, I19, D81, L65
Le Pacte mondial sur les migrations : un pacte avec le diable ?
Authors: Labayle Henri 
Published: March 2022

Le Pacte de Marrakech sur les migrations a été une source de polémiques dans le monde et l’Union européenne. Il est pourtant clair que cet instrument de « soft law » est dépourvu de force obligatoire et qu’il constitue pour l’essentiel un cadre de travail novateur.
L’audience criminelle, le masque et le corps du juge
Authors: Leclair Marie , Baffet-Lozano Virginie 
Published: March 2022

En application de la loi n° 2020-856 du 9 juillet 2020 organisant la sortie de l’état d’urgence sanitaire, le port du masque a été rendu obligatoire dans tous les lieux clos 1 , en complément des gestes barrières. La mise en œuvre de cette obligation dans les salles d’audience pose d’importantes questions de métier abordées dans cet article à travers l’analyse d’une expérience de travail judiciaire sous l’angle de l’engagement du corps dans le travail vivant du juge.
Par volonté et par hasard
Authors: Beffa Karol 
Published: March 2022

« En même temps que je commençais à m’imaginer en compositeur, je décidais de devenir musicologue. » Jamais je n’aurais pensé qu’il soit possible de dissocier composition et théorie musicale, recherche et création. Inversement, il m’était difficile d’imaginer devenir un compositeur qui ne soit pas aussi un praticien, c’est-à-dire un transmetteur : instrumentiste, mais aussi accompagnateur, improvisateur et, bien entendu, enseignant. Mon parcours ne s’est pas présenté à moi comme un effort pour affranchir, puis concilier des disciplines ou des domaines dont le cloisonnement m’étouffait. Je l’ai vécu intimement comme le déploiement naturel, logique et nécessaire d’une conception personnelle de la musique, élaborée dans un va-et-vient incessant et fécond entre la solitude du chercheur ou du compositeur et le partage avec les publics académiques ou mélomanes, ainsi qu’avec les autres arts, en particulier la littérature et le cinéma.
MAdCAM-1 Costimulates T Cells through Integrin α4β7 to Cause Gene Expression Events Resembling Costimulation through CD28
Authors: DeBerg Hannah A , Konecny Andrew J , Shows Donna M , Lord James D 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Successful treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) with the anti-integrin α4β7 mAb vedolizumab suggests that interaction of this integrin with addressin mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule-1 (MAdCAM-1) is central to IBD pathogenesis. Although this was presumed to be due to an inhibition of lymphocyte trafficking to the gut, as has been observed in animal models, we report no depletion of CD4 T cells from the colonic mucosa as a consequence of vedolizumab treatment in humans, regardless of efficacy. Likewise, no upregulation of alternative trafficking mechanisms was observed as a consequence of therapy to suggest that this homeostasis is maintained in patients by a mechanistic escape from inhibition. Instead, we explore a role for MAdCAM–integrin interaction as a gut-specific costimulatory signal, demonstrating that it can replace CD28 ligation to activate human T cells in vitro. This activation through integrin α4β7 is mediated through the gut-restricted molecule MAdCAM-1, and it cannot be replicated by matrix molecules or proteins that bind other integrins. A detailed analysis of mRNA expression by human T cell subsets following suboptimal TCR stimulation in the presence or absence of CD28 versus MAdCAM-1 costimulation reveals marked similarity in the effect that these two signals have upon T cells, with temporal or quantitative differences detected in the expression of cytokines associated with Th17 cells or pyogenic inflammation. Thus, we describe an alternative costimulatory pathway for T cells in the intestine, through ligation of integrin α4β7 by MAdCAM-1, which may explain the therapeutic efficacy of vedolizumab and have implications concerning the treatment of IBD.
Contribution of Protein Kinase D1 on Acute Pulmonary Inflammation and Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis Induced by Saccharopolyspora rectivirgula
Authors: Yoon Tae Won , Fitzpatrick Elizabeth A , Snyder John D , Lee Sangmin , Kim Young-In , Zacheaus Chidi , Yi Ae-Kyung 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Protein kinase D1 (PKD1), a ubiquitously expressed serine/threonine kinase, regulates diverse cellular processes such as oxidative stress, gene expression, cell survival, vesicle trafficking, Ag receptor signaling, and pattern recognition receptor signaling. We found previously that exposure to hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) inciting Ag Saccharopolyspora rectivirgula leads to the activation of PKD1 in a MyD88-dependent manner in various types of murine cells in vitro and in the mouse lung in vivo. However, it is currently unknown whether PKD1 plays a role in the S. rectivirgula–induced HP. In this study, we investigated contributions of PKD1 on the S. rectivirgula–induced HP using conditional PKD1-insufficient mice. Compared to control PKD1-sufficient mice, PKD1-insufficient mice showed substantially suppressed activation of MAPKs and NF-κB, expression of cytokines and chemokines, and neutrophilic alveolitis after single intranasal exposure to S. rectivirgula. The significantly reduced levels of alveolitis, MHC class II surface expression on neutrophils and macrophages, and IL-17A and CXCL9 expression in lung tissue were observed in the PKD1-insufficient mice repeatedly exposed to S. rectivirgula for 5 wk. PKD1-insuficient mice exposed to S. rectivirgula for 5 wk also showed reduced granuloma formation. Our results demonstrate that PKD1 plays an essential role in the initial proinflammatory responses and neutrophil influx in the lung after exposure to S. rectivirgula and substantially contribute to the development of HP caused by repeated exposure to S. rectivirgula. Our findings suggest that PKD1 can be an attractive new molecular target for therapy of S. rectivirgula–induced HP.
Preliminary Report on the Train the Brain Project, Part I: Sensorimotor Neural Correlates of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury Risk Biomechanics
Authors: Grooms Dustin R. , Diekfuss Jed A. , Slutsky-Ganesh Alexis B. , Ellis Jonathan D. , Criss Cody R. , Thomas Staci M. , DiCesare Christopher A. , Wong Phil , Anand Manish , Lamplot Joseph , Simon Janet E. , Myer Gregory D. 
Published: March 2022

Context
Anterior cruciate ligament injury commonly occurs via noncontact motor coordination errors that result in excessive multiplanar loading during athletic movements. Preventing motor coordination errors requires neural sensorimotor integration activity to support knee-joint neuromuscular control, but the underlying neural mechanisms driving injury-risk motor control are not well understood.

Objective
To evaluate brain activity differences for knee sensorimotor control between athletes with high or low injury-risk mechanics.

Design
Case-control study.

Setting
Research laboratory.

Patients or Other Participants
Of 38 female high school soccer players screened, 10 were selected for analysis based on magnetic resonance imaging compliance, injury-risk classification via 3-dimensional biomechanics during a drop vertical jump, and matching criteria to complete neuroimaging during knee motor tasks.

Main Outcome Measure(s)
Peak knee-abduction moment during landing was used for group allocation into the high (≥21.74 newton meters [Nm], n = 9) or low (≤10.6 Nm, n = 11) injury-risk classification (n = 11 uncategorized, n = 7 who were not compliant with magnetic resonance imaging). Ten participants (5 high risk, 5 low risk) with adequate data were matched and compared across 2 neuroimaging paradigms: unilateral knee-joint control and unilateral multijoint leg press against resistance.

Results
Athletes with high injury-risk biomechanics had less neural activity in 1 sensory-motor cluster for isolated knee-joint control (precuneus, peak Z score = 4.14, P ≤ .01, 788 voxels) and greater brain activity for the multijoint leg press in 2 cognitive-motor clusters: the frontal cortex (peak Z score = 4.71, P &lt; .01, 1602 voxels) and posterior cingulate gyrus (peak Z score = 4.43, P &lt; .01, 725 voxels) relative to the low injury-risk group.

Conclusions
The high injury-risk group's lower relative engagement of neural sensory resources controlling the knee joint may elevate demand on cognitive motor resources to control loaded multijoint action. The neural activity profile in the high injury-risk group may manifest as a breakdown in neuromuscular coordination, resulting in elevated knee-abduction moments during landing.
Automated static perimetry short-term learning effects in test-naive patients
Authors: Eissa Iman M. 
Published: March 2022

Purpose
The aim of this study was to evaluate the intrasession learning effects in patients undergoing first-time automated perimetry.

Patients and methods
The study included 59 eyes of test-naive patients who were tested twice within a short time interval. Reliability indices, mean deviation values, visual-field index percentage, test time, scotoma size, and depth were recorded and compared between the two tests.

Results
The second test showed a statistically significant decrease in fixation losses, false-positive, and false-negative responses in about 56% of the eyes upon retesting. The mean false-positive errors were 5.4±8.7% in the first test (T1) and dropped to 1.9±2.4% in the second test (T2), a mean difference of 3.54% (P=0.002). Similarly, the mean false-negative errors dropped by 4.76% (P=0.002), and the mean fixation losses by 13.5% in T2 (P=0.000). The time taken to finish the test decreased. The scotoma size and depth improved, as well as the visual-field index and the mean deviation values.

Conclusion
Repeating a first-time test may give more reliable results even if repeated in the same session. This may be useful in the timely diagnosis and management of ophthalmic disorders in which the early therapy is an important factor as in glaucoma and neurological disorders.