bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
What is the current state of public health system preparedness for infectious disease emergencies? A scoping review
Authors: Lee Jessica M , Jansen Rachel , Sanderson Kate E , Guerra Fiona , Keller-Olaman Sue , Murti Michelle , O’Sullivan Tracey L , Law Madelyn P , Schwartz Brian , Bourns Laura E , Khan Yasmin 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic continues to demonstrate the risks and profound health impacts that result from infectious disease emergencies. Emergency preparedness has been defined as the knowledge, capacity and organizational systems that governments, response and recovery organizations, communities and individuals develop to anticipate, respond to, or recover from emergencies. This scoping review explored recent literature on priority areas and indicators for public health emergency preparedness (PHEP) with a focus on infectious disease emergencies.MethodsUsing scoping review methodology, a comprehensive search was conducted for indexed and grey literature with a focus on records published from 2017 and 2020 onward, respectively. Records were included if they: a) described PHEP, b) focused on an infectious emergency, and c) were published in an Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development country. An evidence-based all-hazards Resilience Framework for PHEP consisting of 11 elements was used as a reference point to identify additional areas of preparedness that have emerged in recent publications. The findings were summarized thematically.ResultsThe included publications largely aligned with the all-hazards Resilience Framework for PHEP. In particular, the elements related to collaborative networks, community engagement, risk analysis and communication were frequently observed across the publications included in this review. Emergent themes were identified that expand on the Resilience Framework for PHEP. These were related to mitigating inequities, public health capacities (vaccination, laboratory system capacity, infection prevention and control capacity, financial investment in infrastructure, public health legislation, phases of preparedness), scientific capacities (research and evidence-informed decision making, climate and environmental health), and considerations for health system capacity.ConclusionsThe themes from this review contribute to the evolving understanding of critical public health preparedness actions; however, there was a paucity of recent evidence on PHEP indicators. The themes can expand on the 11 elements outlined in the Resilience Framework for PHEP, specifically relevant to infectious disease emergencies and risks. Further research will be important to validate these findings, and expand understanding of how refinements to PHEP frameworks and indicators can support public health practice.
Views from women and maternity care professionals on routine discussion of previous trauma in the perinatal period: A qualitative evidence synthesis
Authors: Cull Joanne , Thomson Gill , Downe Soo , Fine Michelle , Topalidou Anastasia 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundOver a third of pregnant women (around 250,000) each year in the United Kingdom have experienced trauma such as domestic abuse, childhood trauma or sexual assault. These experiences can have a long-term impact on women’s mental and physical health. This global qualitative evidence synthesis explores the views of women and maternity care professionals on routine discussion of previous trauma in the perinatal period.MethodsSystematic database searches (MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL Plus, APA PsycINFO and Global Index Medicus) were conducted in July 2021 and updated in April 2022. The quality of each study was assessed using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme. We thematically synthesised the data and assessed confidence in findings using GRADE-CERQual.ResultsWe included 25 papers, from five countries, published between 2001 and 2022. All the studies were conducted in high-income countries; therefore findings cannot be applied to low-or middle-income countries. Confidence in most of the review findings was moderate or high.The findings are presented in six themes. These themes described how women and clinicians felt trauma discussions were valuable and worthwhile, provided there was adequate time and appropriate referral pathways. However, women often found being asked about previous trauma to be unexpected and intrusive, and women with limited English faced additional challenges. Many pregnant women were unaware of the extent of the trauma they have suffered, or its impact on their lives. Before disclosing trauma, women needed to have a trusting relationship with a clinician; even so, some women chose not to share their histories. Hearing trauma disclosures could be distressing for clinicians.ConclusionDiscussions of previous trauma should be undertaken when women want to have the discussion, when there is time to understand and respond to the needs and concerns of each individual, and when there are effective resources available for follow up if needed. Continuity of carer should be considered a key feature of routine trauma discussion, as many women will not disclose their histories to a stranger. All women should be provided with information about the impact of trauma and how to independently access support in the event of non-disclosures. Care providers need support to carry out these discussions.
Trials that turn from retrospectively registered to prospectively registered: A cohort study of ‘retroactively prospective’ clinical trial registration using history data
Authors: Holst Martin R. , Carlisle Benjamin G. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundProspective clinical trial registration is a methodological best practice, a moral requirement under the Declaration of Helsinki, and in many cases legally required. The US clinical trials registerClinicalTrials.govallows for changes to a clinical trial registry entry at any time, including changes to the clinical trial start date, making it possible for a trial that was registered after the enrolment of the first patient (retrospective registration) to retroactively change its start date to a later one, making it appear to be prospectively registered.MethodsUsing the novel R package cthist, we downloaded clinical trial history data for all clinical trials with a first registration date in the year 2015.FindingsWe found 235 clinical trials to be ‘retroactively prospective’, comprising 2.0% of all clinical trials first registered onClinicalTrials.govin 2015 and 3.9% of all prospectively registered trials. Among the 113 retroactively prospective clinical trials with an accompanying publication, 10.6% explicitly stated in the publication that they had been prospectively registered.InterpretationWhile the rate of retroactively prospective trial registration is lower than hypothesized, the existence of this issue has implications for the review and conduct of clinical trials, and it can be detected using fully automated and freely available tools. This is the first analysis of the potentially questionable research practice that we call ‘retroactively prospective’ trial registration.FundingThis work was funded by internal funding at QUEST Center for Responsible Research.
ML for MI - Integrating Multimodal Information in Machine Learning for Predicting Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Xiao Ran , Ding Cheng , Hu Xiao , Zègre-Hemsey Jessica 
Published: October 2022

AbstractEarly identification and recognization of myocardial ischemia/infarction (MI) is the most important goal in the management of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). The 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) is widely used as the initial screening test for patients with chest pain but its diagnostic accuracy remains limited. There is an ongoing effort to address the issue with machine learning (ML) algorithms which have demonstrated improved performance. Most studies are designed to classify MI from healthy controls and thus are limited due to the lack of consideration of potential confounding conditions in the setting of MI. Moreover, other clinical information in addition to ECG has not yet been well leveraged in existing machine learning models. The present study aims to advance ML-based prediction models closer to clinical applications for early MI detection. The study considered downstream clinical implementation scenarios in the initial model design by dichotomizing study samples into MI and non-MI classes. Two separate experiments were then conducted to systematically investigate the impact of two important factors entrained in the modeling process, including the duration of ECG (2.5s vs. 10s), and the value of multimodal information for model training. A novel feature-fusion deep learning architecture was proposed to learn joint features from both ECG and patient demographics as the additional data modality. The best-performing model achieved a mean area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of 92.1% and a mean accuracy of 87.4%, which is on par with existing studies despite the increased task difficulty due to the new class design. The results also show that the ML model can capitalize on the information added from both the extra ECG waveforms in time and patient demographics. The findings in this study help guide the development of machine learning solutions for early MI detection and move the models one step closer to real-world clinical applications.
Precise temporal control of neuroblast migration through combined regulation and feedback of a Wnt receptor
Authors: Schild Erik S. , Gupta Shivam , Dubois Clément , Fernandes Póvoa Euclides E. , Félix Marie-Anne , Mugler Andrew , Korswagen Hendrik C. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMany developmental processes depend on precise temporal control of gene expression. We have previously established a theoretical framework for regulatory strategies that can govern such high temporal precision, but experimental validation of these predictions was still lacking. Here, we use the time-dependent expression of a Wnt receptor that controls neuroblast migration inC. elegansas a tractable system to study a robust, cell-intrinsic timing mechanism in vivo. Single molecule mRNA quantification showed that the expression of the receptor increases non-linearly, a dynamic that is predicted to enhance timing precision over an unregulated, linear increase in timekeeper abundance. We show that this upregulation depends on transcriptional activation, providing in vivo evidence for a model in which the timing of receptor expression is regulated through an accumulating activator that triggers expression when a specific threshold is reached. This timing mechanism acts across a cell division that occurs in the neuroblast lineage, and is influenced by the asymmetry of the division. Finally, we show that positive feedback of receptor expression through the canonical Wnt pathway enhances temporal precision. We conclude that robust cell-intrinsic timing can be achieved by combining regulation and feedback of the timekeeper gene.
Bell’s Palsy Following SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Rafati Ali , Pasebani Yeganeh , Jameie Melika , Yang Yuchen , Jameie Mana , Ilkhani Saba , Amanollahi Mobina , Sakhaei Delaram , Rahimlou Mehran , Kheradmand Amir 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveBell’s palsy (BP) has been considered as a serious adverse event following the SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. Many studies have reported BP following vaccination, although neither a causative relationship nor a prevalence of the condition higher than the general population has been established. The outcomes of interest were to compare BP incidence among (a) SARS-CoV-2 vaccine recipients, (b) nonrecipients in the placebo or unvaccinated cohorts, (c) different types of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, and (d) SARS-CoV-2 infected vs. SARS-CoV-2 vaccinated individuals.MethodsWe performed a systematic search through MEDLINE (via PubMed), Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane library, and Google Scholar from the inception to August 15, 2022. We included articles reporting individuals receiving any SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in whom BP had occurred. Studies reporting facial paralysis due to etiologies other than BP were excluded. Random- and fixed-effects meta-analyses using the Mantel-Haenszel method were conducted for the quantitative synthesis. Newcastle-Ottawa scale (NOS) was used to assess the quality. The study was conducted in line with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guideline, and the protocol was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42022313299). Analyses were carried out using the R, version 4.2.1 (R package ‘meta’ version 5.2-0).ResultsFifty studies were included, of which 17 entered the quantitative synthesis. First, pooling four phase-3 randomized controlled trials (RCT) indicated BP occurrence was significantly higher in SARS-CoV-2 vaccines (77, 525 doses) compared to placebo (66, 682 doses) (OR = 3.00, 95% CI = 1.10 - 8.18, I2= 0%). Second, pooling nine observational studies of mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccine doses (13, 518,026) and matched unvaccinated individuals (13, 510,701) revealed no significant increase in the odds of BP in the vaccinated group compared to the unvaccinated group (OR: 0.70 (95% CI 0.42-1.16), I2=94%). The third meta-analysis suggested that post-vaccination BP among first dose Pfizer/BioNTech recipients (22,760,698) did not significantly differ from that in first dose Oxford/AstraZeneca recipients (22,978,880) (OR = 0.97, 95% CI = 0.82 - 1.15, I2= 0%). According to the fourth meta-analysis, BP was significantly more commonly reported after SARS-CoV-2 infection (2,641,398) than after SARS-CoV-2 vaccinations (36,988,718) (RR = 4.03, 95% CI = 1.78 - 9.12, I2= 96%).ConclusionOur meta-analysis suggests a higher incidence of BP among vaccinated vs. placebo groups. BP occurrence did not significantly differ between Pfizer/BioNTech and Oxford/AstraZeneca vaccines. SARS-CoV-2 infection posed a significantly greater risk for BP than SARS-CoV-2 vaccines.
The effects of gender diversity in boards of directors on the number of female managers promoted
Authors: Kim Hyondong , Kim Youngsang 
Published: October 2022

PurposeThis study elaborates on the process through which gender-diverse boards of directors increase representation of females in management positions. This study draws on the gender spillover effect to examine whether gender diversity on boards of directors significantly influences the number of women promoted to managerial positions. The authors also employ implicit quota theory to examine the interaction effects of female board directors and their related strategies to target female customers as a source of female talent on the promotion numbers of female managers.Design/methodology/approachThe authors draw from female manager panel data surveyed and gathered by the Korean Women Development Institute (KWDI), a Korean government-sponsored research institution, for the period 2008–2014. The total sample, comprising 5 biannual waves, includes 906 Korean companies across four wage rates. The authors apply zero-inflated negative binomial regression analyses to examine the effects of gender diversity on board director positions and its interactions with strategies targeting female markets on the number of female managerial promotions.FindingsThe authors find that gender diversity on boards of directors is positively related to the number of female managers promoted. Furthermore, in corporations where gender is not relevant to firms' strategy and decision-making, broader gender diversity increases the number of female managers promoted at lower- but not higher-level positions.Originality/valueThe current study demonstrates the complex role of gender diversity in board director positions in initiating and promoting the career development of female managers. On the one hand, gender diversity in board director positions has spillover effects on women's representation in management positions. On the other hand, female board directors impede the career progress of senior female managers to maintain their status in quotas when the female market is not critical to firms' competitiveness. Therefore, it is crucial to integrate two different concepts about gender diversity—the gender spillover effect and implicit quota theory—that elaborate on the effects of gender diversity in board director positions on female manager promotion numbers.
The impact of big data analytics capabilities on green supply chain performance: is green supply chain innovation the missing link?
Authors: AL-Khatib Ayman wael 
Published: October 2022

PurposeThe objective of this paper is to examine the impact of big data analytics capabilities (BDAC) on green radical supply chain innovation (GRSCI), green incremental supply chain innovation (GISCI), and green supply chain performance (GSCP) in the context of a developing country, Jordan. In addition, the mediating effect of GRSCI and GISCI on the relationship between BDAC and GSCP is tested.Design/methodology/approachData collection is carried out through a survey with 303 respondents from manufacturing firms located in Jordan. Partial least squares-structural equation modelling approach is applied to analyse the collected data. Resource-based view and natural resource-based view theory form the adopted theoretical lens for this study.FindingsThe results reveal that BDAC positively and significantly affects GRSCI, GISCI, and GSCP. In addition, the results demonstrate that GRSCI and GISCI positively and significantly affect GSCP. Further, it is also found that GRSCI and GISCI positively and significantly mediate the relationship between BDAC and GSCP.Originality/valueThis study's author develops a theoretical and empirical model to investigate the relationship among BDAC, GRSCI, GISCI, and GSCP. This study offers new theoretical and managerial contributions that add value to the supply chain management literature by testing the mediation model in manufacturing firms located in Jordan.
Big data and decision quality: the role of management accountants’ data analytics skills
Authors: Franke Franziska , Hiebl Martin R.W. 
Published: October 2022

PurposeExisting research on the relationship between big data and organizational decision quality is still few and far between, and what does exist often assumes direct effects of big data on decision quality. More recent research indicates that such direct effects may be too simplistic, and in particular, an organization’s overall human skills are often not considered sufficiently. Inspired by the knowledge-based view, we therefore propose that interactions between three aspects of big data usage and management accountants’ data analytics skills may be key to reaching high-quality decisions. The purpose of this study is to test these predictions based on a survey of US firms.Design/methodology/approachThe authors draw on survey data from 140 US firms. This survey has been conducted via MTurk in 2020.FindingsThe results of the study show that the quality of big data sources is associated with higher perceived levels of decision quality. However, according to the results, the breadth of big data sources and a data-driven culture only improve decision quality if management accountants’ data analytics skills are highly developed. These results point to the important, but so far unexamined role of an organization’s management accountants and their skills for translating big data into high-quality decisions.Practical implicationsThe present study highlights the importance of an organization’s human skills in creating value out of big data. In particular, the findings imply that management accountants may need to increasingly draw on data analytics skills to make the most out of big data for their employers.Originality/valueThis study is among the first, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, to provide empirical proof of the relevance of an organization’s management accountants and their data analytics skills for reaching desirable firm-level outcomes. In addition, this study thus adds to the further advancement of the knowledge-based view by providing evidence that in contemporary big-data environments, interactions between tacit and explicit knowledge seem crucial for driving desirable firm-level outcomes.
Bottled vs tap water perceptions, choices and recommendations in a US Midwest university community
Authors: Olagunju Kehinde , Sante Maya R. , Bracey Georgia , Greenfield Ben K. 
Published: October 2022

PurposeThis study aims to determine preference and concerns regarding tap vs bottled water and recommendations to increase tap water use in a US Midwest university. The authors propose interventions to increase tap water use based on survey results.Design/methodology/approachThe authors conducted an online survey of the community of a regional comprehensive university in the St. Louis metro-east region (Illinois, USA). They analyzed 781 responses using mixed methods, and developed recommendations based on community-based social marketing principles.FindingsBlack respondents reported higher bottled water use than White respondents. Undergraduate students reported higher bottled water use than faculty or staff. Most respondents were concerned about cost and environmental impact for bottled water and taste and water quality for tap water. Chemical and safety concerns were specific and location-focused for tap water only. Concerns were similar to Safe Drinking Water Act mandated public information, such as prior reports of lead (Pb) in campus drinking water. Tap water taste concerns may relate to proximity to the water treatment plant, resulting in high residual chlorine levels. To increase tap water use in this community, the authors recommend persuasive information campaigns, improvements to infrastructure and distribution that increase tap water convenience, more transparent public reporting on tap water lead levels, management of residual chlorine levels, and establishment of institutional norms favoring tap water over bottled water.Originality/valueThe authors evaluate barriers to drinking tap water across multiple environmental and social systems. The methods used in this study combine mixed methods analysis and community-based social marketing. The findings integrate respondent demographics and concerns, local water quality, local and national contamination events, campus-specific sustainability initiatives and barriers, and national drinking water regulations.