bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Black hole spin–orbit misalignment in the x-ray binary MAXI J1820+070
Authors: Poutanen Juri , Veledina Alexandra , Berdyugin Andrei V. , Berdyugina Svetlana V. , Jermak Helen , Jonker Peter G. , Kajava Jari J. E. , Kosenkov Ilia A. , Kravtsov Vadim , Piirola Vilppu , Shrestha Manisha , Torres Manuel A. P. , Tsygankov Sergey S. 
Published: February 2022

The observational signatures of black holes in x-ray binary systems depend on their masses, spins, accretion rate, and the misalignment angle between the black hole spin and the orbital angular momentum. We present optical polarimetric observations of the black hole x-ray binary MAXI J1820+070, from which we constrain the position angle of the binary orbital. Combining this with previous determinations of the relativistic jet orientation, which traces the black hole spin, and the inclination of the orbit, we determine a lower limit of 40° on the spin-orbit misalignment angle. The misalignment must originate from either the binary evolution or black hole formation stages. If other x-ray binaries have similarly large misalignments, these would bias measurements of black hole masses and spins from x-ray observations.
Bedtime versus morning use of antihypertensives for cardiovascular risk reduction (BedMed): protocol for a prospective, randomised, open-label, blinded end-point pragmatic trial
Authors: Garrison Scott R , Kolber Michael R , Allan G Michael , Bakal Jeffrey , Green Lee , Singer Alexander , Trueman Darryl R , McAlister Finlay A , Padwal Raj S , Hill Michael D , Manns Braden , McGrail Kimberlyn , O'Neill Braden , Greiver Michelle , Froentjes Liesbeth S , Manca Donna P , Mangin Dee , Wong Sabrina T , MacLean Cathy , Kirkwood Jessica EM , McCracken Rita , McCormack James P , Norris Colleen , Korownyk Tina 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionSleep-time blood pressure correlates more strongly with adverse cardiovascular events than does daytime blood pressure. The BedMed trial evaluates whether bedtime antihypertensive administration, as compared with conventional morning use, reduces major adverse cardiovascular events.Methods and analysisDesignProspective randomised, open-label, blinded end-point trial.ParticipantsHypertensive primary care patients using blood pressure lowering medication and free from glaucoma.SettingCommunity primary care providers in 5 Canadian provinces (British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba and Ontario) are mailing invitations to their eligible patients. Social media campaigns (Google, Facebook) are additionally running in the same provinces.InterventionConsenting participants are allocated via central randomisation to bedtime vs morning use of all antihypertensives.Follow-up(1) Telephone or email questionnaire at 1 week, 6 weeks, 6 months and every 6 months thereafter, and (2) accessing linked governmental healthcare databases tracking hospital and community medical services.Primary outcomeComposite of all-cause death, or hospitalisation for myocardial infarction/acute-coronary syndrome, stroke or congestive heart failure.Secondary outcomesEach primary outcome element on its own, all-cause hospitalisation or emergency department visit, long-term care admission, non-vertebral fracture, new glaucoma diagnosis, 18-month cognitive decline from baseline (via Short Blessed Test).Select other outcomesSelf-reported nocturia burden at 6 weeks and 6 months (no, minor or major burden), 1-year self-reported overall health score (EQ-5D-5L), self-reported falls, total cost of care (acute and community over study duration) and mean sleep-time systolic blood pressure after 6 months (via 24-hour monitor in a subset of 302 sequential participants).Primary outcome analysisCox proportional hazards survival analysis.Sample sizeThe trial will continue until a projected 254 primary outcome events have occurred.Current statusEnrolment ongoing (3227 randomised to date).Ethics and disseminationBedMed has ethics approval from six research ethics review boards and will publish results in a peer-reviewed journal.Trial registration numberNCT02990663.
Improving the diagnosis and prognosis of sepsis according to the sources of infection
Authors: Mendoza Deibie , Ascuntar Johana , Rosero Oriana , Jaimes Fabian 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionThe clinical presentation of sepsis is heterogeneous and largely depends on the primary site of infection. Currently, factors associated with sepsis outcomes do not differentiate between infection sites. The objective of this investigation was to identify variables associated with risk of in-hospital mortality or intensive care unit (ICU) admission, according to infection sites.MethodsThis was a secondary analysis of a multicentre prospective cohort of ED patients ≥18 years old from three university hospitals in Medellín, Colombia. Multivariable logistic regression models were performed to estimate the association of factors with in-hospital mortality or ICU admission according to five infection sites: urinary tract infection (UTI), community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), intra-abdominal infection, sepsis without evident source (primary) and other sites.ResultsThe infection sites of the 1947 patients included were: UTI (n=586), CAP (n=585), intra-abdominal infection (n=213), primary (n=224) and other sites (n=339). In the multivariable model, the factors associated with in-hospital mortality or ICU admission varied by infection site: respiratory rate (RR), systolic blood pressure (SBP) and lactate for UTI; heart rate (HR), RR and temperature <38°C for CAP; Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), lactate and age <65 for intra-abdominal infection; SBP, GCS, lactate and temperature <38°C for primary and RR, GCS and temperature <38°C for other.ConclusionsOur results suggest that the diagnosis and prognosis of sepsis in emergency care should consider different clinical criteria, based on site of infection. Given the heterogeneity and interindividual variability of sepsis, a more individualised approach could help to direct treatment, monitor response and facilitate initial clinical decisions.
Insufficiency of compound immune checkpoint blockade to overcome engineered T cell exhaustion in pancreatic cancer
Authors: Stromnes Ingunn M , Hulbert Ayaka , Rollins Meagan R , Basom Ryan S , Delrow Jeffrey , Bonson Patrick , Burrack Adam L , Hingorani Sunil R , Greenberg Philip D 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundAchieving robust responses with adoptive cell therapy for the treatment of the highly lethal pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) has been elusive. We previously showed that T cells engineered to express a mesothelin-specific T cell receptor (TCRMsln) accumulate in autochthonous PDA, mediate therapeutic antitumor activity, but fail to eradicate tumors in part due to acquisition of a dysfunctional exhausted T cell state.MethodsHere, we investigated the role of immune checkpoints in mediating TCR engineered T cell dysfunction in a genetically engineered PDA mouse model. The fate of engineered T cells that were either deficient in PD-1, or transferred concurrent with antibodies blocking PD-L1 and/or additional immune checkpoints, were tracked to evaluate persistence, functionality, and antitumor activity at day 8 and day 28 post infusion. We performed RNAseq on engineered T cells isolated from tumors and compared differentially expressed genes to prototypical endogenous exhausted T cells.ResultsPD-L1 pathway blockade and/or simultaneous blockade of multiple coinhibitory receptors during adoptive cell therapy was insufficient to prevent engineered T cell dysfunction in autochthonous PDA yet resulted in subclinical activity in the lung, without enhancing anti-tumor immunity. Gene expression analysis revealed that ex vivo TCR engineered T cells markedly differed from in vivo primed endogenous effector T cells which can respond to immune checkpoint inhibitors. Early after transfer, intratumoral TCR engineered T cells acquired a similar molecular program to prototypical exhausted T cells that arise during chronic viral infection, but the molecular programs later diverged. Intratumoral engineered T cells exhibited decreased effector and cell cycle genes and were refractory to TCR signaling.ConclusionsAbrogation of PD-1 signaling is not sufficient to overcome TCR engineered T cell dysfunction in PDA. Our study suggests that contributions by both the differentiation pathways induced during the ex vivo T cell engineering process and intratumoral suppressive mechanisms render engineered T cells dysfunctional and resistant to rescue by blockade of immune checkpoints.
Common characteristics between cyclic behaviours at different frequencies and monotonic behaviours of clay
Authors: Wu Tingyu , Tong Junhao , Sun Honglei , Yuan Zonghao , Guo Lin 
Published: February 2022

The loading frequencies in cyclic tests and the rate of strain or stress in monotonic tests have a significant effect on the soil behaviour, particularly of clayey soil. This study aimed to determine the common characteristics of the behaviour of clay under cyclic loading at different frequencies and the relationship between cyclic and monotonic behaviours. Monotonic triaxial tests and cyclic triaxial tests at frequencies of 0.1 and 0.001 Hz were conducted on undrained saturated reconstituted soft clay. The results showed that the frequency of 0.001 Hz is sufficiently low to make the soil response comparable to that in monotonic tests. Second, there exists a unique “feature line” for cyclic tests in the plot of allowable stress versus strain, independent of the frequency. Third, the feature lines for the cyclic and monotonic tests are close and parallel to each other. Therefore, although the cyclic and monotonic loadings are quite different from each other, there are connections between these different loadings in terms of the relationship between the allowable stress and strain.
Off-centering of the disk in the halo potential and the kinematic lopsidedness in the dwarf irregular galaxy WLM
Authors: Khademi M. , Nasiri S. 
Published: February 2022

In this work, to investigate the dynamical nature of the kinematic asymmetry in the isolated gas-rich dwarf irregular galaxy W LM in the Local Group, we consider that the dark matter halo and the disk do not have the same center of mass (i.e., the disk lies off-center in the potential of the extended dark matter halo), which is one of the possible physical explanations for the kinematic lopsidedness. To do so, we generate a lopsided halo potential by considering two dark matter mass density models, ISO and Burkert, and we add up the contribution to the rotation curve of a perturbation term [Formula: see text] in the gravitational potential, which arises from the offset between the disk and the dark matter halo. We show that such an m = 1 perturbation improves the rotation curve modeling when compared to a non-perturbed potential and the shape of the HI gas rotation curves is fitted better in the approaching side if the perturbation term in the halo potential is taken into account for this galaxy dynamics. In fact, displacing the disk center by 0.1 kpc from the halo center is sufficient to provide such an improvement in modeling the rotation curve.
Comparison of SUSY spectra generators for natural SUSY and string landscape predictions
Authors: Baer Howard , Barger Vernon , Martinez Dakotah 
Published: February 2022

AbstractModels of natural supersymmetry give rise to a weak scale $$m_{weak}\sim m_{W,Z,h}\sim 100$$

m

weak

∼

m

W
,
Z
,
h

∼
100

GeV without any (implausible) finetuning of independent contributions to the weak scale. These models, which exhibit radiatively driven naturalness (RNS), are expected to arise from statistical analysis of the string landscape wherein large soft terms are favored, but subject to a not-too-large value of the derived weak scale in each pocket universe of the greater multiverse. The string landscape picture then predicts, using the Isajet SUSY spectra generator Isasugra, a statistical peak at $$m_h\sim 125$$

m
h

∼
125

GeV with sparticles generally beyond current LHC search limits. In this paper, we investigate how well these conclusions hold up using other popular spectra generators: SOFTSUSY, SPHENO and SUSPECT (SSS). We built a computer code DEW4SLHA which operates on SUSY Les Houches Accord files to calculate the associated electroweak naturalness measure $$\Delta _{EW}$$

Δ

EW

. The SSS generators tend to yield a Higgs mass peak $$\sim 125$$

∼
125

–127 GeV with a superparticle mass spectra rather similar to that generated by Isasugra. In an Appendix, we include loop corrections to $$\Delta _{EW}$$

Δ

EW

in a more standard notation.
Multi-attribute geomorphological characterization of the Cenozoic deep-water strata in the Exmouth Plateau, Northern Carnarvon Basin: a contribution to the understanding of deep-water mixed carbonate–siliciclastic environments
Authors: Ortiz-Sanguino L. L. , Tellez-Rodriguez J. J. , Bedle H. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The stratigraphic architecture and relationships to the expression of deep-water architectural elements geomorphology are explored for Cenozoic deposits in the Exmouth Plateau Sub-basin in Northern Carnarvon Basin. We used a high-quality 3D seismic survey and an integrated seismic attribute analysis to provide a guide for seismic interpretation of the mixed carbonate–siliciclastic depositional systems focused on four aspects: morphology, lithology, strata thickness and reflector distortion. Three depositional elements are classified into several categories: mass transport deposits (MTDs), channel systems (channel–levee and braided-like) and lobes, whose deposition is closely related to eustatic changes, and can be explained in a sequence stratigraphic framework. The falling stage system tract is characterized by the initial development of MTDs deposited on the basin floor and small erosive channels on the upper slope. Lobes are deposited in lowstand system tracts while highstand system tracts are characterized by the deposition of MTDs and progradational segments. This mixed carbonate–siliciclastic example proved to be sensitive to other variables such as climate (Middle Miocene Climate Optimum) and plate tectonics (northward Australian Plate drift), which affect geomorphological aspects such as the dimensions and preservation of internal characteristics.
Synthesis of Frame Field-Aligned Multi-Laminar Structures
Authors: Stutz Florian Cyril , Olsen Tim Felle , Groen Jeroen Peter , Trung Tuan Nguyen , Aage Niels , Sigmund Ole , Solomon Justin , Bærentzen Jakob Andreas 
Published: February 2022

In the field of topology optimization, the homogenization approach has been revived as an important alternative to the established, density-based methods. Homogenization can represent microstructures at length scales decoupled from the resolution of the computational grid. The optimal microstructure for a single load case is an orthogonal rank-3 laminate.
Initially, we investigate where singularities occur in orthogonal rank-3 laminates and show that the laminar parts of the structures we seek are unaffected by the singularities. Based on this observation, we propose a method for generating multi-laminar structures from frame fields that describe rank-3 laminates. Rather than establishing a parametrization of the domain, we compute stream surfaces that align with the frame fields and solve an optimization problem to find a well-spaced collection of such stream surfaces. Since our method does not rely on a parametrization, we also do not need a combing of the frame fields to generate this collection. Finally, we provide a method for synthesizing multi-laminar structures from a stream surface collection. This method produces a volumetric solid for each surface and combines these to form the output.
We demonstrate our method on several frame fields produced by the homogenization approach to topology optimization.
Effects of Three Novel Bracket Luting Agents Containing Zirconia Primer on Shear Bond Strength of Metal Orthodontic Brackets Attached to Monolithic Zirconia Crowns: A Preliminary In Vitro Study
Authors: Shamohammadi Heidari Milad , Moradinejad Mehrnaz , Tabatabaei Hamed , Rakhshan Vahid 
Published: February 2022

Background. The increased use of zirconia crowns in adult orthodontic patients warrants the establishment of methods and materials to adhere orthodontic brackets properly to zirconia crowns. However, studies in this regard are scarce, and many materials remain untested. This preliminary study aimed to examine three new adhesives containing zirconia primers for the first time. Methods. Sixty identical monolithic zirconia crowns were fabricated and randomly divided into 4 groups of 15 each (Panavia SA Cement Plus, G-CEM, TheraCem, and Transbond XT Composite (control)). After glaze removal with a diamond bur, a metal orthodontic bracket was attached to the surfaces of the crowns using the respective adhesive. Specimens were incubated at 37°C and then thermocycled for 2000 cycles. Shear bond strengths (SBS) of brackets in different groups were estimated using a universal testing machine. Mean SBS values were compared with the values 6, 8, and 10 (as acceptable SBS values) and 13 MPa (as the maximum SBS tolerable by zirconia) using the one-sample t-test. They were also compared with each other using the one-way ANOVA and Tamhane post hoc test (α = 0.05). Results. The ANOVA indicated a significant overall difference; the Tamhane test showed that the difference between the control group and all test groups was significant (

P

< 0.0005); however, the 3 test groups were not significantly different from each other (

P

> 0.30). The SBS of the control group was significantly lower than the minimum acceptable SBS (6 MPa,

P

< 0.0005). The mean SBS of the TheraCem was not significantly different from 10 MPa (

P

= 0.902), while the mean SBS values of Panavia SA Cement Plus and G-CEM were significantly greater than 10 MPa (

P

< 0.05). None of the three zirconia adhesives had mean SBS values higher than 13 MPa. Conclusion. All novel zirconia adhesives (Panavia SA Cement Plus, G-CEM, and TheraCem) generated SBS values adequate to attach metal orthodontic brackets to zirconia prostheses (at or greater than 10 MPa) without damaging the zirconia during bracket removal (not above 13 MPa).
Diastolic Blood Pressure Alleles Improve Congenital Heart Defect Repair Outcomes
Authors: Breeyear Joseph H. , Keaton Jacob M. , Torstenson Eric S. , Smith Andrew H. , Klarin Derek , Damrauer Scott M. , Natarajan Pradeep , Van Driest Sara L. , Weiner Jeffrey G. , Kannankeril Prince J. , Edwards Todd L. 
Published: February 2022

Background:
Congenital heart defects (CHDs) affect 40 000 US births per year, half of which require surgical intervention. Individual differences in surgical outcomes including mortality and complications are not well understood but may be due to genetic variability. We hypothesized that polygenic risk scores (PRSs) for blood pressure in adults are associated with treatments and postsurgical outcomes in children with CHD, as CHD survivors are at higher risk of negative cardiometabolic disease.

Methods:

We used imputed genotype data from pediatric participants requiring surgery for CHD (median age at surgery, 201 days; n
max
=2498). Base data for the systolic and diastolic blood pressure PRSs (n
max
=760 226) came from published genome-wide association study. The blood pressure PRSs were tested for association with postsurgical outcomes. All effects presented are per SD increase in PRS and adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, surgical complexity score, and first 10 principal components of ancestry.

Results:

A higher diastolic blood pressure PRS was associated with decreased in-hospital mortality risk (odds ratio, 0.57 [0.39–0.82];
P
=0.0022). Additional analyses suggest an interaction between diastolic blood pressure PRS and vasopressor dose. Those with a diastolic blood pressure PRS 1 SD above the mean, receiving a vasopressor dose in the top tertile, were estimated to have 52% (32%–66%) lower risk of in-hospital mortality compared with those with a vasopressor dose in the bottom tertile.

Conclusions:
These results suggest a genetically determined postsurgical survival advantage for CHD patients with blood pressure increasing alleles. Further study may reveal novel mechanisms contributing to postoperative morbidity and mortality, and this approach may assist in early identification of children at risk for adverse postoperative outcomes.
Iron Deposition in the Brain After Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Authors: Galea Ian , Durnford Andrew , Glazier James , Mitchell Sophie , Kohli Suraj , Foulkes Lesley , Norman Jeanette , Darekar Angela , Love Seth , Bulters Diederik O. , Nicoll James A.R. , Boche Delphine 
Published: February 2022

Background:
After aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), thrombus forms over the cerebral cortex and releases hemoglobin. When extracellular, hemoglobin is toxic to neurones. High local hemoglobin concentration overwhelms the clearance capacity of macrophages expressing the hemoglobin-haptoglobin scavenger receptor CD163. We hypothesized that iron is deposited in the cortex after SAH and would associate with outcome.

Methods:
Two complementary cross-sectional studies were conducted. Postmortem brain tissue from 39 SAH (mean postictal interval of 9 days) and 22 control cases was studied with Perls’ staining for iron and immunolabeling for CD163, ADAM17 (a disintegrin and metallopeptidase domain 17), CD68, and Iba1 (ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule 1). In parallel, to study the persistence of cortical iron and its relationship to clinical outcome, we conducted a susceptibility-weighted imaging study of 21 SAH patients 6 months postictus and 10 control individuals.

Results:
In brain tissue from patients dying soon after SAH, the distribution of iron deposition followed a gradient that diminished with distance from the brain surface. Iron was located intracellularly (mainly in macrophages, and occasionally in microglia, neurones, and glial cells) and extracellularly. Microglial activation and motility markers were increased after SAH, with a similar inward diminishing gradient. In controls, there was a positive correlation between CD163 and iron, which was lost after SAH. In SAH survivors, iron-sensitive imaging 6 months post-SAH confirmed persistence of cortical iron, related to the size and location of the blood clot immediately after SAH, and associated with cognitive outcome.

Conclusions:
After SAH, iron deposits in the cortical gray matter in a pattern that reflects proximity to the brain surface and thrombus and is related to cognitive outcome. These observations support therapeutic manoeuvres which prevent the permeation of hemoglobin into the cortex after SAH.