bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trends in Incidence and Mortality of Esophageal Cancer in Huai’an District, a High-Risk Area in Northern Jiangsu Province, China
Authors: Wang Shaokang , Pan Da , Chen Zitong , Song Guang , Han Renqiang , Sun Guiju , Su Ming 
Published: February 2022

Purpose This study aimed to provide a clear comparable figure of the trends in incidence and mortality rates of esophageal cancer (EC) in Huai’an District, Huai’an City, Jiangsu Province, China, a high-risk area for EC. Methods The data for age- and sex-specific incidence rates between 1998 and 2016, the mortality rates in 1990-2016 and the number of EC patients were obtained from Huai’an District Cancer Registry. Crude rates, Age-standardized rates (ASRs) by world standard population and truncated age-standardized rates of EC incidence and mortality were calculated. The joinpoint regression analysis was used to calculate the annual percent changes (APC), average annual percent changes (AAPC), and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results Overall, 20,892 new EC cases and 20,806 EC deaths were registered in Huai’an District. ASR of EC incidence from 1998 to 2016 and mortality from 1990 to 2016 were 73.32/100,000 and 60.03/100,000, respectively. The ASR illustrated that the incidence of EC had significant downward trends in total, male and female (AAPC = −4.65, −4.90, and −5.51, respectively, p <.01). The age-specific incidence and mortality rates of EC increased dramatically in people over the age of 40, and peaked in people between the ages 70-74. In the subdivisions of Huai’an District, geographical diversities in the crude incidence and mortality rates of EC were found. Conclusion In summary, the incidence and mortality rates of EC showed downward trends in Huai’an District. However, the burden of EC still remained serious in this high-risk area. Cost-effective methods of intervention and health education should be enhanced for improving EC prevention.
Early Detection of Atrial Fibrillation in Community Pharmacies—CRIFAFARMA Study
Authors: Valdivieso María González , Orozco-Beltrán Domingo , López-Pineda Adriana , Gil-Guillén Vicente Francisco , Quesada José A. , Carratalá-Munuera Concepción , Nouni-García Rauf 
Published: February 2022

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia to appear in clinical practice. People with AF have 5 times the risk of stroke compared to the general population. Objective: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of AF in people over the age of 50 without known AF, who presented to a community pharmacy to check their cardiovascular risk factors, to identify risk factors associated with AF, and to assess the risk of stroke in people who screened positive for AF. Methods: A multicenter observational descriptive study of a screening program took place from May to December 2016. A blood pressure monitor (Microlife Watch BP Home) was used to screen for AF, and the CHA2DS2-VASc questionnaire was used to assess stroke risk. Results: The study included 452 adults over the age of 50. The CRIFAFARMA study detected a prevalence of AF of 9.1%. Risk factors for AF were: age of 75 years or older ( P = .024), lack of physical activity ( P = .043), diabetes ( P < .001), dyslipidemia ( P = .003), and history of cardiovascular disease ( P = .003). Diabetes (OR 2.79, P = .005) and dyslipidemia (OR 2.16, P = .031) had a combined explanatory capacity in the multivariable logistic regression model adjusted for age. 85% were at high risk of stroke according to the CHA2DS2-VASc scale. Conclusions: AF was detected in more than 9% of the included population. Factors associated with AF were advanced age, lack of physical activity, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and history of cardiovascular disease, with diabetes and dyslipidemia standing out as the factors with independent explanatory capacity.
Salvage of infected autogenous arteriovenous fistulas, is it possible?
Authors: Attia Mahmoud I , Atta Eslam M , Elheneidy Mohamed A , Sallam Emad M 
Published: February 2022

Background: Infection in autogenous arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) is a critical situation in patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD) that can lead to life threatening rupture or septicemia. To date, no standard guidelines regarding the surgical repair of the infected AVFs is available. Aim: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of the surgical repair in the infected autogenous AVFs. Methods: This prospective study involved 64 ESRD patients who presented with infected autogenous AVFs. Repair of the infected autogenous AVFs was done in 50 cases, while ligation was needed in the other 14 cases. Aneurysmorrhaphy was done in the 26 cases of puncture site infection over venous aneurysms. In 20 cases of AVFs with anastomotic disruption, higher recreation in a proximal clean field (AVF loop anastomosis) was performed, while abscess drainage was done in the remaining four cases presented with non-communicating abscess over the vein. The 14 cases of ligated AVFs included 9 cases of infected ruptured AVFs with active bleeding and 4 cases with non-reconstructable puncture site infection. Results: After 1 year of follow up, 41 cases (82%) of the repaired AVFs ( n = 50) remained patent and functioning as re-infection occurred in 9 cases. Six tunneled permanent catheters were implanted in the 14 cases with ligated AVFs, while the remaining 8 cases had new AVFs established (7 cases of them retained patent AVFs during the follow up period). Conclusion: Surgical repair of the infected AVFs is an effective procedure that achieves many goals, such as saving patients’ lives, maintaining the patency of the native fistula, and avoidance of creation of new AVFs in another site with exhaustion the available veins.
Biomarkers and Prevalence of Cardiometabolic Syndrome Among People Living With HIV/AIDS, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A Hospital-Based Study
Authors: Woldu Minyahil , Minzi Omary , Shibeshi Workineh , Shewaamare Aster , Engidawork Ephrem 
Published: February 2022

Background: While the fast extension of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) has resulted in significant increases in life expectancy, disorders such as cardiometabolic syndrome (CMetS), which have received less attention, are becoming a major concern in HIV/AIDS patients (PLWHA). Objectives: The purpose of this research was to identify biomarkers and determine the prevalence of CMetS in PLWHA using the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) and the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) tools. Methods: Between January 2019 and February 2021, a hospital-based study of HIV-infected patients (n = 288) was conducted. The data were analyzed using binary logistic regression. To control the effect of confounders, independent variables with a P-value of <.20 in the bivariate logistic regression were incorporated into multivariate logistic regression. Statistical significance was defined as a 95% confidence interval and a P-value of less than .05. Results: The risk of CMetS increased twofold as age increased each year ( P = .009), 1.2 times as the age at which cART began increased ( P = .015), and 6 times with 1 or more co-morbidities ( P = .028), according to the NCEP tool. Furthermore, significant NCEP-CMetS correlations were produced by a rise in diastolic blood pressure ( P < .001) and cART duration ( P = .006). Male gender was 99.9% less likely to be related to CMetS using the IDF tool, and the risk of CMetS increased fourfold with each unit increase in waist circumference ( P < .001). Triglycerides and blood type “A” have been found to have substantial relationships with CMetS using both techniques. Conclusion: According to the study, CMetS was found to be common in PLWHA. Age, time on cART, age when cART started, gender, co-morbidities, waist circumference, and diastolic blood pressure were all revealed to be significant predictors of CMetS. Triglycerides and blood type “A” were the only biomarkers found to be significant with CMetS using both the NCEP and IDF tools.
Comparison of modified rapid deployment hemostat dressing with standard haemostat as part of standardized perihepatic packing for major liver trauma in a level 1 trauma center
Authors: Iadarola Roberta , Di Saverio Salomone , Chiarini Valentina , Kwan Sherman , Gori Alice , Coniglio Carlo , Tugnoli Gregorio 
Published: February 2022

Introduction Uncontrolled hemorrhage is a major cause of mortality in surgery and trauma. Damage control surgery (DCS) is essential in the management of these cases. The use of topical hemostatic agents has increased over the last two decades with the evolution of DCS and trauma-induced coagulopathy. The aim of this study was to compare the performance of standard perihepatic packing with the addition of either a MRDH (modified rapid deployment hemostat) or a non-MRDH hemostatic dressing. Methods This was a retrospective, comparative analysis of prospectively collected data held in the registry of a level I trauma center in Bologna, Italy, between 2005 and 2019. 33 patients with grade IV/V liver injuries who underwent a standardized perihepatic packing with hemostatic dressings were enrolled in the study. The study group included 21 patients treated with standard packing plus MRDH. The control group included 12 patients treated with standard packing plus a combination of fibrillar absorbable hemostat and human fibrin sealant. Results The two groups were homogeneous in terms of age and American Association for the Surgery of Trauma (AAST) grade although the MRDH one seemed to have more severe injury: hemodynamic instability was present in 95% of MRDH patients vs. 83% in the control group. Also, Injury Severity Score (ISS) and New Injury Severity Score (NISS) were 41 vs 35.5 and 47 vs 39.1, respectively. The incidence of re-bleeding requiring repacking at the second-look laparotomy was 4.7% in MRDH patients vs. 16.7% in non-MRDH patients ( p = .5, OR = 4). The overall complication rate was of 23% after the introduction of MRDH vs. 81% in the control group. Conclusion Despite the potential effectiveness of MRDH, this study does not seem to confirm a significant superiority of this hemostat over the standard.
Effects of Premixing Betamethasone and Lidocaine on Chondrocyte Inflammation in an In Vitro Model
Authors: Sayegh Michael J. , Pinpin Camille , Larsen Christopher G. , Neufeld Eric V. , Intravia Jessica M. , Nellans Kate W. , Lane Lewis B. , Grande Daniel 
Published: February 2022

Background: It is common practice for hand surgeons to premix corticosteroids with a local anesthetic and store the mixture in pre-loaded syringes for rapid use during clinic. However, any possible loss of efficacy with this practice has never been studied. The purpose of this study, therefore, is to determine whether premixing betamethasone sodium phosphate/betamethasone acetate (BSP) and lidocaine (L) at different time intervals from injection has diminishing anti-inflammatory effects on chondrocytes in vitro. Methods: Human articular chondrocytes were partitioned into six groups: two controls and four experimental conditions. The negative control had growth media only. The positive control had growth media and inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-1β and oncostatin M). Experimental conditions were additionally treated with BSP alone or BSP mixed with lidocaine (BSP + L) at the time of treatment (0 hours), or at 4 or 24 hours prior. Relative expressions of inflammatory genes were measured. Results: Relative to the positive control, chondrocytes in all experimental conditions decreased expression of TNF-α, MMP-3, and ADAMTS-4. Chondrocytes exposed to BSP only or BSP + L at 4 hours or 24 hours prior to treatment decreased expression of IL-8. Chondrocytes exposed to BSP only or BSP + L at 0 hours or 4 hours prior to treatment decreased expression of MMP-1. There were no significant differences in expression of IL-6 or MMP-13. Conclusions: Treatment with BSP + L prepared in pre-loaded syringes at varying time intervals up to 24 hours prior to injection does not significantly impact the ability of the mixture to reduce expression of certain key inflammatory mediators in vitro.
Double tap, double trouble: Instagram, teachers, and profit
Authors: Davis Summer , Yi Joanne 
Published: February 2022

This qualitative study explores the performance of teacher agency amidst national financial and professional deficits in education and sheds light on the growing utilization of Instagram in elementary school contexts. To better understand teachers’ use of this social media platform, we examined the Instagram accounts of 12 highly popular and influential pre-K–6 teachers (i.e., teacher influencers). Data sources comprised over 600 visual and textual posts, which included images, captions, hashtags, and emojis, produced over 3 months in the spring of 2019. Using qualitative coding procedures that were recursive and emphasized the emergent nature of interpretation through a critical literacies framework, we documented the neoliberal teachers’ use of Instagram as a method of participation in a virtual community of practice and as a way to produce, commodify, and possibly profit from posts presented as curricula. Findings suggest that teacher influencers primarily used Instagram as a form of commodification and commerce, as educational content was promoted to users as well as methods of purchase via personal websites, Teachers Pay Teachers and other digital stores. Overall, the teacher influencers’ Instagram use revealed a convergence of complex and multiple discourses involving curriculum, racialized and/or gendered identities, and neoliberal production.
Effects of Group-delivered Stress-reduction Guided Imagery on Salivary Cortisol, Salivary Amylase, and Stress Mood in Urban, Predominantly Latino Adolescents
Authors: Weigensberg Marc J. , Wen Cheng K. Fred , Spruijt-Metz Donna , Lane Christianne Joy 
Published: February 2022

Objectives To determine acute effects of stress-reduction guided imagery delivered in group format on stress biomarkers salivary cortisol and salivary amylase, and on self-reported stress mood, in healthy, predominantly Latino adolescents. Study Design 111 adolescent participants (94% Latino), a subset from a large, randomized controlled lifestyle intervention to improve obesity-related health behaviors, received either 4 weekly lifestyle education sessions (Lifestyle group; LS) or the same weekly lifestyle education sessions plus an additional weekly stress-reduction guided imagery session delivered in group format (Guided imagery group; GI). Salivary cortisol, salivary amylase, and self-reported stress moods were assessed before and after sessions on intervention weeks 3 and 4. Statistics: Linear mixed effects models examined within- and between-session and group differences in pre- to post-session changes. Results Both groups showed decreases in salivary cortisol, 5% decrease in LS group and 32% in GI group (within-group differences all P < .05), with between-group difference in salivary cortisol of moderate size ( P = .05; Cohen’s d = .44). Within the GI group alone, salivary cortisol decrease was similar following either the lifestyle or GI sessions ( P = .64). There were no statistically significant amylase changes within or between groups. All 5 individual stress moods declined by 27% to 46% in the GI group (all P < .05), while only 1 of the 5 declined in LS group. Conclusions Group stress-reduction guided imagery reduces the stress biomarker salivary cortisol, as well as reducing subjective stress mood states, making it a viable modality for large scale stress-reduction interventions.
Psychedelic Psychotherapy: Building Wholeness Through Connection
Authors: Vaid Gita , Walker Barry 
Published: February 2022

Background We are confronted with dire statistics that document our current mental health crisis. New treatment modalities are desperately needed to address escalating mental suffering and trauma. Psychedelic medicines are attracting increased attention in psychiatry as effective treatment for a range of conditions. The mechanisms of actions and context necessary to maximize their full healing potential represent a radical departure from current psychiatric frameworks and present an opportunity to reimagine psychiatry as a healing art. Objective Psychedelic psychotherapy leverages biological, psychological, and spiritual domains to harness innate healing potentials. A novel psychotherapeutic methodology utilizing psychedelic medicines as catalyzing agents is presented, one that provides a developmental model to promotes self-actualization. The paper outlines transformational psychotherapy, the therapeutic process and corresponding practice implications. Conclusion Psychedelic psychotherapy represents a paradigm shift in healing, one that promotes self-integration and whole health. These shifts in internal health are correspondingly reflected in enhanced empathy, improved relatedness, and increased capacity for social connection. Much of human suffering and disregard for the planet is a reflection of our own collective inner impoverishment, fundamental disconnects, and unaddressed trauma. Psychedelic psychotherapy offers a healing approach to restore beauty and health to both the inner and outer worlds we inhabit.
Hand-Grip Strength and Return to Heavy Manual Work at a Mean 5-Year Follow-up After Arthroscopic Release of Recalcitrant Lateral Epicondylitis
Authors: Fahmy Fahmy Samir , ElAttar Mohamed , Salem Hossam Fathi 
Published: February 2022

Background: Lateral epicondylitis of the elbow is a common degenerative disorder in middle-aged patients. Surgery is reserved for patients who do not respond to nonoperative treatment. Purpose: To evaluate hand-grip strength and return to heavy manual activities in patients engaged in work requiring heavy lifting after arthroscopic release of refractory lateral epicondylitis. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: The study included consecutive patients who underwent arthroscopic release of the extensor carpi radialis brevis tendon to treat recalcitrant lateral epicondylitis of the elbow, with a minimum 48-month follow-up. Functional outcome measures included assessment of hand-grip strength, visual analog scale for pain, and Mayo elbow performance score. The recorded measurements were compared at postoperative 1 and 6 months and the final assessment. Pre- and postoperative data were compared using the paired t test, and the various postoperative assessments were compared using 1-way analysis of variance. Results: A total of 22 patients (mean ± SD; age, 34.6 ± 5.9 years) with a mean follow-up of 60.5 ± 4.7 months were included in our study. There were highly significant improvements between preoperative and 1-month postoperative results regarding hand-grip strength (17.5 ± 4.1 kg to 34.4 ± 6.8 kg), visual analog scale score for pain (7.86 ± 1.2 to 1.8 ± 1.09), and Mayo score (57.1 ± 7.9 to 89.3 ± 4.9; P < .00001 for all). Significant improvements were found on all 3 functional measures between 1 and 6 months postoperatively ( P ≤ .05 was statistically significant), and there were nonsignificant improvements on all measures from 6-month to final follow-up. The patients regained 96.4% of their hand strength as compared with the unaffected side and returned to their previous activities without reporting serious complications. Conclusion: Minimally invasive arthroscopic release of recalcitrant lateral epicondylitis of the elbow provided a satisfactory functional result, as shown by regaining of hand-grip strength in patients engaged in heavy manual occupations without significant morbidities.
Analysis and modelling of mistriage in the Stockholm stroke triage system
Authors: Keselman Boris , Berglund Annika , Ahmed Niaz , Grannas David , von Euler Mia , Holmin Staffan , Laska Ann-Charlotte , Mathé Jan M. , Sjöstrand Christina , Eriksson Einar E. , Mazya Michael V. 
Published: February 2022

Introduction The Stockholm Stroke Triage System (SSTS) is a prehospital triage system for detection of patients eligible for endovascular thrombectomy (EVT). Assessment of hemiparesis combined with ambulance-hospital teleconsultation is used to route patients directly to the thrombectomy centre. Some patients are not identified and require secondary transport for EVT (undertriage) while others taken to the thrombectomy centre do not undergo EVT (overtriage). The aims of this study were to characterize mistriaged patients, model for and evaluate alternative triage algorithms. Patients and methods Patients with suspected stroke transported by priority 1 ground ambulance between October 2017 and October 2018 (n = 2905) were included. Three triage algorithms were modelled using prehospital data. Decision curve analysis was performed to calculate net benefit (correctly routing patients for EVT without increasing mistriage) of alternative models vs SSTS. Results Undertriage for EVT occurred in n = 35/2582 (1.4%) and overtriage in n = 239/323 (74.0%). Compared to correct thrombectomy triages, undertriaged patients were younger and had lower median NIHSS (10 vs 18), despite 62.9% with an M1 occlusion. In overtriaged patients, 77.0% had a stroke diagnosis (29.7% haemorrhagic). Hemiparesis and FAST items face and speech were included in all models. Decision curve analysis showed highest net benefit for SSTS for EVT, but lower for large artery occlusion (LAO) stroke. Discussion Undertriaged patients had lower NIHSS, likely due to better compensated proximal occlusions. SSTS was superior to other models for identifying EVT candidates, but lacked information allowing comparison to other prehospital scales. Conclusion Using prehospital data, alternative models did not outperform the SSTS in finding EVT candidates.
SAR442085, a novel anti-CD38 antibody with enhanced antitumor activity against multiple myeloma
Authors: Kassem Sahar , Diallo Béré K. , El-Murr Nizar , Carrié Nadège , Tang Alexandre , Fournier Alain , Bonnevaux Hélène , Nicolazzi Céline , Cuisinier Marine , Arnould Isabelle , Sidhu Sukhvinder S. , Corre Jill , Avet-Loiseau Hervé , Teillaud Jean-Luc , van de Velde Helgi , Wiederschain Dmitri , Chiron Marielle , Martinet Ludovic , Virone-Oddos Angela 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Anti-CD38 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) represent a breakthrough in the treatment of multiple myeloma (MM), yet some patients fail to respond or progress quickly with this therapy, highlighting the need for novel approaches. In this study we compared the preclinical efficacy of SAR442085, a next-generation anti-CD38 mAb with enhanced affinity for activating Fcγ receptors (FcγR), with first-generation anti-CD38 mAb daratumumab and isatuximab. In surface plasmon resonance and cellular binding assays, we found that SAR442085 had higher binding affinity than daratumumab and isatuximab for FcγRIIa (CD32a) and FcγRIIIa (CD16a). SAR442085 also exhibited better in vitro antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) against a panel of MM cells expressing variable CD38 receptor densities including MM patients’ primary plasma cells. The enhanced ADCC of SAR442085 was confirmed using NK-92 cells bearing low and high affinity FcγRIIIa (CD16a)-158F/V variants. Using MM patients’ primary bone marrow cells, we confirmed that SAR442085 had an increased ability to engage FcγRIIIa, resulting in higher natural killer (NK) cell activation and degranulation against primary plasma cells than preexisting Fc wild-type anti-CD38 mAbs. Finally, using huFcgR transgenic mice that express human Fcγ receptors under the control of their human regulatory elements, we demonstrated that SAR442085 had higher NK cell-dependent in vivo antitumor efficacy and better survival than daratumumab and isatuximab against EL4 thymoma or VK*MYC myeloma cells overexpressing human CD38. These results highlight the preclinical efficacy of SAR442085 and support the current evaluation of this next-generation anti-CD38 antibody in phase I clinical development in patients with relapsed/refractory MM.