bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Changing patterns of SARS-CoV-2 infection through Delta and Omicron waves by vaccination status, previous infection and neighbourhood deprivation: a cohort analysis of 2.7 M people
Authors: Green Mark A. , Hungerford Daniel J. , Hughes David M. , Garcia-Fiñana Marta , Turtle Lance , Cheyne Christopher , Ashton Matthew , Leeming Gary , Semple Malcolm G. , Singleton Alex , Buchan Iain 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Our study examines if SARS-CoV-2 infections varied by vaccination status, if an individual had previously tested positive and by neighbourhood socioeconomic deprivation across the Delta and Omicron epidemic waves of SARS-CoV-2.

Methods
Population cohort study using electronic health records for 2.7 M residents in Cheshire and Merseyside, England (3rd June 2021 to 1st March 2022). Our outcome variable was registered positive test for SARS-CoV-2. Explanatory variables were vaccination status, previous registered positive test and neighbourhood socioeconomic deprivation. Cox regression models were used to analyse associations.

Results
Originally higher SARS-CoV-2 rates in the most socioeconomically deprived neighbourhoods changed to being higher in the least deprived neighbourhoods from the 1st September 2021, and were inconsistent during the Omicron wave. Individuals who were fully vaccinated (two doses) were associated with fewer registered positive tests (e.g., individuals engaged in testing between 1st September and 27th November 2021—Hazards Ratio (HR) = 0.48, 95% Confidence Intervals (CIs) = 0.47–0.50. Individuals with a previous registered positive test were also less likely to have a registered positive test (e.g., individuals engaged in testing between 1st September and 27th November 2021—HR = 0.16, 95% CIs = 0.15–0.18. However, the Omicron period saw smaller effect sizes for both vaccination status and previous registered positive test.

Conclusions
Changing patterns of SARS-CoV-2 infections during the Delta and Omicron waves reveals a dynamic pandemic that continues to affect diverse communities in sometimes unexpected ways.
Neonatal eyelid penetration from insertion of a fetal scalp electrode: a case report
Authors: Cheng Brian T. , Laurenti Kelly D. , Kurup Sudhi P. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
A fetal scalp electrode (FSE), first described by Edward Hon in 1967, is an intrapartum monitoring device embedded directly into the fetal scalp for an accurate measure of fetal heart rate. Though use of an FSE is generally safe, complications can occur from misplacement, including ophthalmic injury.

Case presentation
Patient was a 28-year-old G6P5006 who presented for induction of labor at 39 weeks due to asymptomatic bilateral pulmonary embolism. Concerning findings on external fetal monitoring led to placement of a fetal scalp electrode for close monitoring. Upon delivery, the neonate was noted to have the FSE embedded in the left upper eyelid. Ophthalmology was consulted and could not rule out ocular injury on external examination at the bedside. Examination under anesthesia in the operating room demonstrated no penetration of the ocular globe, and the eyelid laceration was sutured. The laceration was well-healing at one-week follow-up with no further complications.

Conclusion
Facial or brow presentation during delivery is rare but may increase the risk for misplacement of an FSE. Ultrasound verification of vertex position is warranted immediately prior to placing an FSE for patients at higher risk of facial or brow presentation. Periorbital edema of neonates may protect against damage to deeper structures. However, Ophthalmology should be consulted to rule out ocular injury if the FSE is placed in the periocular region.
The prevalence and associated factors of prenatal depression and anxiety in twin pregnancy: a cross-sectional study in Chongqing, China
Authors: Zhou Ying , Huang Jingui , Baker Philip N. , Liao Bizhen , Yu Xinyang 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Pregnant women expecting twins are more likely to experience stress, which can lead to anxiety and depression. Our aim was to investigate the prevalence of prenatal anxiety and depressive symptoms in women with twin pregnancies and the associated factors.

Methods
In a cross-sectional survey, 210 women with twin pregnancies who satisfied the inclusion and exclusion criteria in two tertiary centers in Southwestern China were asked to complete a basic information form, the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and the Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS). To compare statistics with normal distribution in distinct characteristic groups, a paired t-test, and one-way ANOVA were utilized. Binary logistic step regression was used to analyze the associated factors of antenatal anxiety and depressive symptoms.

Results
The 210 women with twin pregnancies (age = 30.8 ± 4.2 years) were between 7 and 37 gestational weeks (29.2 ± 1.2 weeks), were typically well-educated (72.4% had a post-high-school degree), and reasonably affluent (88.1% were above the low-income cutoff). Among them, 34.8% had symptoms associated with clinical levels of anxiety, and 37.1% had symptoms indicating possible depression. The prevalence of co-morbid anxiety and depressive symptoms was 24.3%. Binary stepwise logistic regression analysis showed that previous health status and sleep disturbance during pregnancy were the associated factors of anxiety symptoms in women with twin pregnancies (P < 0.05), whereas age, previous health status, negative life events, and physical activity during pregnancy were the associated factors of depressive symptoms in women with twin pregnancies (P < 0.05).

Conclusion
About one-third of women with twin pregnancies had symptoms of anxiety or depression; these were most strongly predicted by some modifiable factors, suggesting that early preventive mind-body interventions may be a promising strategy to protect against mental health issues for women with twin pregnancies.
The association of serum total bile acid with new-onset hypertension during pregnancy
Authors: Deng Weinan , Zhang Lizi , Du Qiting , Li Yulian , Chen Jingsi , Du Lili , Chen Dunjin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
There has been considerable interest in the interrelationship between the liver and hypertension. The relationship between serum total bile acid (TBA) and hypertension has been reported. Moreover, intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy was correlated to gestation hypertension. However, the association between maternal serum TBA level in the normal range and new-onset hypertension disorders during pregnancy remains unclear. The present study aimed to evaluate the relationship between maternal serum TBA level in the normal range and the risk, disease severity and adverse pregnancy outcomes of new-onset hypertension during pregnancy.

Method
Using the electronic medical records on all pregnant women from the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, between 2014 and 2020, we conducted a retrospective cohort study of 2581 singleton pregnant women with maternal serum TBA levels in the normal range. Patients were grouped into the non-hypertension during pregnancy (1071), gestational hypertension (480) and preeclampsia (1030) groups.

Result
We found that maternal serum TBA levels were significantly higher in the preeclampsia and gestational hypertension groups than in the non-hypertension group (p < 0.01). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that TBA level was independently and significantly associated with preeclampsia and gestational hypertension (odds ratio: 1.37, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.27–1.48, p = 0.001, odds ratio: 1.34, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.24–1.46, p = 0.005, respectively). Moreover, elevated TBA level was positively associated with the risk of severe PE and negatively with mild PE (p < 0.01). In addition, maternal serum TBA levels were negatively related to birth weight (p < 0.001).

Conclusions
These results suggest that maternal serum TBA in the normal range also might be a valuable biomarker for disease severity in preeclampsia and gestational hypertension. Additionally, our results also indicate associations of serum total bile acid levels in the normal range with an increased risk of fetal growth restriction and low birth weight among offspring. These results suggest that TBA could serve as a prognostic biomarker for new-onset hypertension during pregnancy.
Prediction of radiosensitivity and radiocurability using a novel supervised artificial neural network
Authors: Zeng Zihang , Luo Maoling , Li Yangyi , Li Jiali , Huang Zhengrong , Zeng Yuxin , Yuan Yu , Wang Mengqin , Liu Yuying , Gong Yan , Xie Conghua 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Radiotherapy has been widely used to treat various cancers, but its efficacy depends on the individual involved. Traditional gene-based machine-learning models have been widely used to predict radiosensitivity. However, there is still a lack of emerging powerful models, artificial neural networks (ANN), in the practice of gene-based radiosensitivity prediction. In addition, ANN may overfit and learn biologically irrelevant features.

Methods
We developed a novel ANN with Selective Connection based on Gene Patterns (namely ANN-SCGP) to predict radiosensitivity and radiocurability. We creatively used gene patterns (gene similarity or gene interaction information) to control the "on–off" of the first layer of weights, enabling the low-dimensional features to learn the gene pattern information. ANN-SCGP was trained and tested in 82 cell lines and 1,101 patients from the 11 pan-cancer cohorts.

Results
For survival fraction at 2 Gy, the root mean squared errors (RMSE) of prediction in ANN-SCGP was the smallest among all algorithms (mean RMSE: 0.1587–0.1654). For radiocurability, ANN-SCGP achieved the first and second largest C-index in the 12/20 and 4/20 tests, respectively. The low dimensional output of ANN-SCGP reproduced the patterns of gene similarity. Moreover, the pan-cancer analysis indicated that immune signals and DNA damage responses were associated with radiocurability.

Conclusions
As a model including gene pattern information, ANN-SCGP had superior prediction abilities than traditional models. Our work provided novel insights into radiosensitivity and radiocurability.
Analysing outlier communities to child birth weight outcomes in Malawi: application of multinomial logistic regression model diagnostics
Authors: Sakala Natasha , Kaombe Tsirizani M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractStudies have reported significant effect of geographically shared variables on new-born baby weight. Although there is growing use of community-based child health interventions in public health research, such as through provinces, schools, or health facilities, there has been less interest by researchers to study outlying communities to child birth weight outcomes. We apply multinomial logistic regression model diagnostics to identify outlier communities to child birth weight in Malawi. We use a random sample of 850 clusters, each with at least 7 households based on 2015-16 Malawi demographic and health survey data. There were a total of 11,680 children with measured birth weight, that was categorised as either low ($$< 2,500$$<2,500grams), normal ($$2,500 - 4,000$$2,500-4,000grams) or high ($$> 4,000$$>4,000grams). The analyses were done in STATA version 15 and R version 3.6.3. Based on a multinomial logit model with various socio-demographic factors associated with child birth weight, the results showed that two clusters from rural parts of Southern region of Malawi had overly influence on estimated effects of the factors on birth weight. Both clusters had normal to high birth weight babies, with no child having low birth weight. There could be some desired motherhood practices applied by mothers in the two rural clusters worth learning from by policy makers in the child healthcare sector.
Smartphone addiction in children: patterns of use and musculoskeletal discomfort during the COVID-19 pandemic in Iran
Authors: Mokhtarinia Hamid Reza , Torkamani Maryam Heydari , Farmani Ozra , Biglarian Akbar , Gabel Charles Philip 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Smartphone use has increased significantly, especially during the period of global pandemic caused by the novel SARS-CoV2 coronavirus (COVID-19). Concurrently, smartphone addiction is a growing social problem in children and adolescents with the consequence of adverse health outcomes. This study assessed the prevalence of smartphone addiction, patterns of use, and the experienced body-region discomfort among Iranian school students during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods
A cross-sectional study with students from grades 1–9 recruited n = 585 participants (mean age = 14.49 (2.26 years); female = 65.8%). Data were collected from parents and students through the online 'Smartphone addiction scale-short version’ (SAS-SV), self-reported demographic questionnaires, and extracts of the Nordic musculoskeletal questionnaire for the evaluation of musculoskeletal disorders.

Results
The prevalence rate of smartphone addiction (53.3%) was relatively high in the overall sample. Participants spent 6.85 (4.62) hours per day on their smartphones, which had increased 53.86% relative to the pre-pandemic period. The primary smartphone uses were for social networking (77.9%), web-surfing (53.3%), and camera activities (50.9%). There was a positive correlation between smartphone addiction as assessed with the SAS-SV and daily use time (r = 0.34, p < 0.001), and the percentage of change relative to the pre-pandemic period (r = 0.26, p < 0.001). Discomfort related to smartphone use was mostly reported as present in the eyes (39.7%) and neck (39.1%). A positive correlation was found (p < 0.001) between smartphone addiction and discomfort in the eyes, neck, wrists, shoulders, and upper-back.

Conclusion
The more frequent usage of smartphones by students during the Covid-19 pandemic were associated predominantly with discomfort to the eyes and neck. Parents should consider the complications of musculoskeletal and postural changes during the child’s future years and pay particular attention to the individual’s patterns of smartphone use with an emphasis on posture and usage that reduces discomfort to the eyes and the musculoskeletal system, particularly the neck.
Combined negative pressure wound therapy with irrigation and dwell time and artificial dermis prevents infection and promotes granulation formation in a ruptured giant omphalocele: a case report
Authors: Nakagawa Yoichi , Uchida Hiroo , Hinoki Akinari , Shirota Chiyoe , Sumida Wataru , Makita Satoshi , Amano Hizuru , Okamoto Masamune , Takimoto Aitaro , Ogata Seiya , Takada Shunya , Kato Daiki , Gohda Yousuke 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Omphalocele is a congenital abdominal wall defect of the umbilical cord insertion site. A giant omphalocele, with a fascial defect > 5 cm in diameter and/or containing > 50% of the liver within the hernia sac, can be challenging for pediatric surgeons. Recently, negative pressure wound therapy has been reported as an effective management for giant omphaloceles; however, it is not recommended for an infected wound with necrotic tissue as it may exacerbate infection. We adopted negative pressure wound therapy with irrigation and dwell time (NPWTi-d) for a case of a ruptured giant omphalocele. Artificial membranes, followed by artificial dermis, were used to promote fibrous capsule formation, and then NPWTi-d was used to promote granulation while controlling infection. However, studies have not been conducted regarding NPWTi-d for ruptured giant omphaloceles; hence, we present our treatment experience with NPWTi-d for a giant omphalocele.

Case presentation
The patient was a boy born at 38 weeks and 3 days of gestation, weighing 1896 g. He was diagnosed with a ruptured giant omphalocele with a total liver and intestine defect hole of 10 cm × 10 cm. The patient underwent silo placement using an artificial mesh, followed by plicating the artificial mesh at 4 days of age. The herniated viscera were gradually reduced into the abdominal cavity; however, the defect size was still large. Hence, a collagen-based artificial dermis was patched on the defect hole. After creating a fresh and smooth granulated tissue, NPWTi-d was applied at 33 days of age to promote granulation and control infection. We used the 3 M™ V.A.C.® Ulta Therapy Unit with 3 M™ VeraFlo™ therapy. NPWTi-d was stopped at 60 days of age when the granulation tissue was well formed including at the artificial dermis site. The wound was managed with prostandin ointment and appropriate debridement, resulting in complete epithelialization at 5 months of age.

Conclusions
Artificial membranes followed by artificial dermis were used to promote a fibrous capsule and artificial dermis granulation, which protects against organ damage. NPWTi-d achieved better control of infection and promoted wound healing. NPWTi-d combined with artificial dermis can effectively treat ruptured giant omphaloceles.
Real-world effectiveness of omalizumab for severe allergic asthma treatment in Colombia
Authors: Torres-Duque Carlos A. , Ocampo-Gómez Jaime , Castillo Mauricio Morales , Cano-Rosales Diana , Giraldo-Montoya Ángela , Rodríguez Freddy , Palacios-Ortega Isabel , Durán-Silva Mauricio , Reynales Humberto , García Elizabeth ,   REXACOL Consortium, Proaños-Jurado Juliana , Carreño Alejandro , Celis Ana M. , Chapman Edgardo , García Maria B. , González-García Mauricio , Jiménez-Maldonado Libardo , Londoño Julian , Morales Edison , Morales-Castillo Mauricio , Valencia Viviana , Vanegas Ingrid , Vargas-Ramírez Leslie 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe allergic phenotype is responsible for more than 50% of severe asthma cases. In a stepwise approach, add-on treatments such as anti-IgE are used for severe allergic asthma (SAA). This study was aimed to describe the real-world effectiveness of omalizumab in adult and pediatric patients with SAA in Colombia.MethodsThis was an observational, non-interventional, retrospective study. Data from patients with SAA that received at least one month of treatment with omalizumab was obtained from medical records at eight sites in Colombia. Time-zero (t − 0) was defined as the date of initiation of omalizumab, and data was gathered for a 12-month period before t − 0 and a 12-month period after t − 0. Clinical outcomes, including exacerbations, were assessed at 6 and 12 months. Effectiveness of omalizumab was evaluated in terms of the reduction of the risk of exacerbations (annualized rate).ResultsWe included 143 patients with SAA. There was a decrease of 72.4% of the annualized rate of clinically significant asthma exacerbations during the year after omalizumab (from 1.74 before to 0.48 after) with a substantial reduction of the risk of exacerbations by 56.7% (RR [95% CI] 0.43 [0.30–0.63]p < 0,001).ConclusionThe use of omalizumab in Colombia as a treatment for SAA notably reduced the risk of clinically significant exacerbations. This study is the first to evaluate omalizumab real-life effectiveness in pediatric and adult patients in the country.
Effects of mitochondrial dysfunction on bone metabolism and related diseases: a scientometric study from 2003 to 2022
Authors: Zhang Wei , Xia Chang-Liang , Ma Jun-Nan , Li Jia-Xuan , Chen Qi , Ou Shuan-Ji , Yang Yang , Qi Yong , Xu Chang-Peng 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
In recent years, mitochondrial dysfunction has been extensively studied and published, but research on the effects of mitochondrial dysfunction on bone metabolism and related diseases is only just beginning. Furthermore, no studies have been carried out to systematically illustrate this area from a scientometric point of view. The goal of this research is to review existing knowledge and identify new trends and possible hotspots in this area.

Methods
All publications related to the relationship between mitochondrial dysfunction and bone metabolism and related diseases from 2003 to 2022 were searched at the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) on May 7, 2022. Four different analytical tools: VOSviewer 1.6.18, CiteSpace V 6.1, HistorCite (12.03.07), and Excel 2021 were used for the scientometric research.

Results
The final analysis included 555 valid records in total. Journal of Biological Chemistry (Co-citations = 916) is the most famous journal in this field. China (Percentage = 37%), the United States (Percentage = 24%), and Korea (Percentage = 12%) are the most productive countries. Blanco FJ and Choi EM are the main researchers with significant academic influence. Current research hotspots are basic research on mitochondrial dysfunction and the prevention or treatment of bone metabolism-related diseases.

Conclusion
The study of the consequences of mitochondrial dysfunction on bone metabolism and associated diseases is advancing rapidly. Several prominent researchers have published extensive literature and are widely cited. Future research in this area will focus on oxidative stress, aging, gene expression, and the pathogenesis of bone metabolism-related diseases.
MiR-145 inhibits the differentiation and proliferation of bone marrow stromal mesenchymal stem cells by GABARAPL1 in steroid-induced femoral head necrosis
Authors: Xu Pengfei , Chang Jun , Ma Guangwen , Liao Faxue , Xu Tangbing , Wu Yunfeng , Yin Zongsheng 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSteroid-induced osteonecrosis of femoral head (SANFH) involves impaired differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC), the mechanism of which is regulated by multiple microRNAs. Studies have shown that miR-145 is a key regulatory molecule of BMSC cells, but its mechanism in steroid-induced femur head necrosis remains unclear. The present study mainly explored the specific mechanism of miR-145 involved in SANFH. In this study dexamethasone, a typical glucocorticoid, was used to induce osteogenic differentiation of BMSC cells. Western blot, qPCR, CCK8 and flow cytometry were used to investigate the effects of miR-145 on the proliferation and differentiation of BMSC. The relationship between miR-145 and GABA Type A Receptor Associated Protein Like 1(GABARAPL1) was identified using dual luciferase reports and the effects of the two molecules on BMSC were investigated in vitro. The results showed that miR-145 was up-regulated in SANFH patients, while GABARAPL1 was down-regulated. Inhibition of miR-145 can improve apoptosis and promote proliferation and activation of BMSC. GABARAPL1 is a downstream target gene of miR-145 and is negatively regulated by miR-145. In conclusion, miR-145 regulates the proliferation and differentiation of glucocorticoid-induced BMSC cells through GABARAPL1 and pharmacologically inhibit targeting miR-145 may provide new aspect for the treatment of SANFH.