bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of Baseline Cardiac Arrhythmias in Participants with Overweight or Obesity in Phase 1 Clinical Trials: Analysis of 24‐Hour Holter Electrocardiogram Recordings
Authors: Skovgaard Dorthe , Haahr Poul‐Martin , Lester Robert , Clark Katherine , Paglialunga Sabina , Finer Nick , Friedrichsen Martin H. , Hjerpsted Julie B. , Engelmann Mads D.M. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAlthough estimates of the prevalence of cardiac arrhythmias in healthy volunteers exist, there is a lack of baseline data in other specific populations, such as people living with overweight and obesity, who are increasingly involved in clinical trials. This study investigated the baseline prevalence of arrhythmias in participants with overweight or obesity in 2 phase 1 trials of weight management medications (NCT03661879, NCT03308721). Participants aged 18–55 years, without a history of cardiovascular disease, and with body mass index (BMI) of 25.0–39.9 kg/m2, were screened for abnormalities in vital signs, electrocardiogram (ECG) recordings, and electrolytes. Baseline 24‐hour ECG (Holter) data were collected and manually reviewed by a cardiologist. The primary endpoint was the proportion of participants with ≥1 episode of the predefined cardiac arrhythmias. Continuous 12‐lead ECG data were obtained from 207 participants. Most arrhythmias occurred in <3% of participants. Atrioventricular blocks and other potentially malignant arrhythmias were uncommon. There were no associations with age, sex, or BMI. Prevalence of atrioventricular blocks, nonsustained ventricular tachycardia, and other potentially malignant arrhythmias mirrored those reported in healthy participants with normal weight. In clinical trials of weight management medication, knowledge of the baseline prevalence of arrhythmias in people with overweight and obesity may inform trial eligibility criteria, improve on‐trial decisions, and could be useful in discussions with health authorities. Baseline Holter readings and real‐time ECG telemetry monitoring should be considered in such trials if arrhythmia risk is intrinsic to the molecule, or when signals have been observed in preclinical studies.
HIV‐associated Burkitt lymphoma in the combination antiretroviral therapy era: Real‐world outcomes and prognostication
Authors: Wang Chaoyu , Liang Shunsi , Quan Xi , Guo Bingling , Huang Dehong , Li Jieping , Liu Yao 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe performed a retrospective study to analyze the clinical characteristics and outcomes of human immunodeficiency virus–associated Burkitt's lymphoma in Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, southwest China, from March 2012 to February 2022. In the entire cohort, the median age was 36 years (range, 28–60 years), and more patients were male (82.4%). The median CD4+ T cell count was 214/μl (range, 54–601), of whom 47.1% had a CD4+ T cell count below 200/μl. Most patients had elevated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), elevated β2‐MG, extranodal involvement and advanced Ann Arbor stage at diagnosis. With a median follow‐up of 11.5 months (range, 1.6–94.9 months), the overall 1‐year progression‐free survival and overall survival (OS) rates were 27.6% and 47.6%, respectively. The 1‐year OS times in the LDH < 3 upper limit of normal and LDH ≥ 3 upper limit of normal groups were 62.5% and 31.3%, respectively (p = 0.008). The 1‐year OS times in the received <4 cycles and ≥4 cycles groups were 0% and 77.8%, respectively (p < 0.001). These results demonstrated that LDH < 3 upper limit of normal and received ≥4 cycles of chemotherapy were significantly associated with improved outcomes. However, rituximab administration was not significantly associated with improved outcomes.
Synthesis and characterization of 2‐trifluoromethyl‐4(3H)‐quinazolinone derivatives with various 3‐substituents
Authors: Al‐Harbi Reem A. K. , Albadrani Raneem F. N. , Abbas Samir Y. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDue to the significant properties and applications of quinazolinones and fluorinated compounds, there is increasing interest in the design and synthesis of new quinazolinone structures and fluorinated compounds. So, new derivatives of 2‐trifluoromethyl‐4(3H)‐quinazolinone were synthesized. Reaction of 2‐trifluoromethyl‐3,1‐benzoxazine‐4‐one benzoxazine‐4‐one 1 with some aniline derivatives afforded 3‐aryl‐2‐trifluoromethyl‐4(3H)‐quinazolinone derivatives 3 in good yields. On the other hand, treatment of 3,1‐benzoxazine‐4‐one 1 with aliphatic binucleophile afforded bis‐benzamide derivative 5 rather than bisquinazolines derivative 4. The reaction of benzoxazine‐4‐one 1 with 1,4‐phenylenediamine afforded bisquinazoline derivative 6. Reaction of 3‐amino‐4(3H)‐quinazolinone 7 with aldehydes or isothiocyanates gave the corresponding Schiff's base 8 and thiourea 9 derivatives, respectively. The structures of newly synthesized 2,3‐disubstituted 4(3H)‐quinazolinone derivatives were demonstrated through NMR (proton carbon and fluorine) experiment as well as mass spectra and elemental analyses. Most of the synthesized compounds were obtained in excellent yields, so they will share in enrichment the chemical libraries.
Metabolic syndrome among treatment‐naïve people living with and without HIV in Zambia and Zimbabwe: a cross‐sectional analysis
Authors: Chihota Belinda V. , Mandiriri Ardele , Shamu Tinei , Muula Guy , Nyamutowa Hellen , Taderera Charlotte , Mwamba Daniel , Chilengi Roma , Bolton‐Moore Carolyn , Bosomprah Samuel , Egger Matthias , Chimbetete Cleophas , Wandeler Gilles ,   for IeDEA Southern Africa
Published: December 2022

AbstractIntroductionChronic viral replication has been linked to an increased risk of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases in people living with HIV (PLWH), but few studies have evaluated this association in Southern Africa. We explored the determinants of metabolic syndrome (MetS) among treatment‐naïve adults living with and without HIV in Southern Africa.MethodsTreatment‐naïve PLWH and people living without HIV (PLWOH) ≥30 years were consecutively enrolled from primary care clinics in Zambia and Zimbabwe. PLWOH were seronegative partners or persons presenting for HIV testing. We defined MetS as the presence of central obesity plus any two of the following: raised blood pressure, impaired fasting glucose, reduced high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol and raised triglycerides, as defined by the International Diabetes Federation. We used logistic regression to determine factors associated with MetS.ResultsBetween August 2019 and March 2022, we screened 1285 adults and enrolled 420 (47%) PLWH and 481 (53%) PLWOH. The median age was similar between PLWH and PLWOH (40 vs. 38 years, p < 0.24). In PLWH, the median CD4+ count was 228 cells/mm3 (IQR 108–412) and the viral load was 24,114 copies/ml (IQR 277–214,271). Central obesity was present in 365/523 (70%) females and 57/378 males (15%). MetS was diagnosed in 172/901 (19%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 17–22%), and prevalence was higher among females than males (27% vs. 9%). In multivariable analyses, HIV status was not associated with MetS (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.05, 95% CI 0.74–1.51). Risk factors for MetS included age older than 50 years (aOR 2.31, 95% CI 1.49–3.59), female sex (aOR 3.47, 95% CI 2.15–5.60), highest income (aOR 2.19, 95% CI 1.39–3.44) and less than World Health Organization recommended weekly physical activity (aOR 3.35, 95% CI 1.41–7.96).ConclusionsWe report a high prevalence of MetS and central obesity among females in urban Zambia and Zimbabwe. Lifestyle factors and older age appear to be the strongest predictors of MetS in our population, with no evident difference in MetS prevalence between treatment‐naïve PLWH and PLWOH.
Characterization of olivines and their metallic composition: Raman spectroscopy could provide an accurate solution for the active and future Mars missions
Authors: Torre‐Fdez Imanol , García‐Florentino Cristina , Huidobro Jennifer , Coloma Leire , Ruiz‐Galende Patricia , Aramendia Julene , Castro Kepa , Arana Gorka , Madariaga Juan Manuel 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe presence of olivine and its geochemical composition (forsterite/fayalite ratio) are relevant factors for the study of Mars. The use of Raman spectrometers in the Mars 2020 and future missions opens new possibilities to assess the Mg/Fe ratios in the analyzed olivine bearing rocks. On the one hand, its presence indicates approximately where and when Mars had volcanic activity, due to the partial weathering of this mineral into other secondary minerals. On the other hand, the forsterite and fayalite content of olivine can be used to study the origin and evolution of its parent magma, since this mineral is one of the first to crystallize from it. In order to properly study the forsterite and fayalite ratio of olivines, this work proposes a new calibration model using Raman spectroscopy, doing a thorough literature review of previous studies in order to improve the calibration quality. The proposed model improves greatly the accuracy and uncertainty associated with the final result of forsterite and fayalite (around 2%) compared to those published earlier in the literature (around or above 10%). Using the new model, it will be possible to assess the forsterite and fayalite ratios of Martian olivines properly, providing relevant information about their parent magma.
An eco‐friendly multi‐analyte high‐performance thin layer chromatographic densitometric determination of amoxicillin, metronidazole, and famotidine in their ternary mixtures and simulated gastric juice: A promising protocol for eradicating Helicobacter pylori
Authors: Ragab Marwa A. A. , Maher Hadir M. , Tarek Salma , Mahgoub Hoda 
Published: December 2022

Gastrointestinal tract disorders constitute a heavy burden to healthcare providers. To eradicate Helicobacter pylori infection, different triple therapy protocols have been proposed. Among which are combinations of proton pump inhibitors (e.g., omeprazole), histamine‐2 receptor antagonists (e.g., famotidine), along with antibiotics (e.g., amoxicillin). In this work, a sensitive and accurate high‐performance thin‐layer chromatographic method was developed for the simultaneous determination of amoxicillin, metronidazole, and famotidine in bulk powder and laboratory‐prepared combined‐tablet mixtures. Complete separation of the cited compounds was achieved using pre‐coated silica gel plates with a mixture of methanol:chloroform:toluene:water:glacial acetic acid (5:2:1.5:0.5:0.1 v/v/v/v/v) as the mobile phase. The method was fully validated as per the international conference of harmonization guidelines. Good linearity, a correlation coefficient of 0.9991, was obtained in the concentration ranges 0.1–1.6 μg/band (amoxicillin), 0.1–0.9 μg/band (metronidazole), and 0.1–0.9 μg/band (famotidine). Since the method allowed the determination of the three compounds in combined tablets with a high degree of selectivity, accuracy, precision, with cost‐effectiveness, it could be used for regular quality control. Moreover, the applicability of the proposed method was extended to the determination of the ternary mixture in simulated gastric juice. Method greenness was assessed using different green metrics.
CircTNPO3 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression by sponging miR‐199b‐5p and regulating STRN expression
Authors: Liu Jing , Liu BingJie 
Published: December 2022

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver tumor, which seriously threatens human health. CircTNPO3 was up‐regulated in HCC tissues. However, the regulatory mechanism of circTNPO3 in HCC was still unclear. We aimed to investigate the circTNPO3 function in the development of HCC. qRT‐PCR and Western blot examined gene and protein levels. CCK8, EdU, flow cytometry, and Transwell assays were used to detect cell viability, proliferation, apoptosis, and invasion abilities. Dual‐luciferase reporter and RIP assays determined the relationship between circTNPO3, miR‐199b‐5p, and striatin (STRN). The effect of CircTNPO3 on HCC progress was investigated in vivo. CircTNPO3 and STRN were significantly increased, while miR‐199b‐5p was repressed in HCC tissues or cells. Afterward, miR‐199b‐5p was negatively correlated with STRN. circTNPO3 was positively correlated with STRN. Knockdown of circTNPO3 inhibited cell viability, proliferation, invasion, and promoted apoptosis, while circTNPO3 overexpression had the opposite results. Furthermore, miR‐199b‐5p inhibition could eliminate the regulatory effect of sh‐circTNPO3 on the proliferation and apoptosis in HCC cells. CircTNPO3 positively regulated STRN expression by targeting miR‐199b‐5p. MiR‐199b‐5p suppressed HCC progression by inhibiting STRN expression. Tumor formation in nude mice showed that knockdown of circTNPO3 significantly inhibited tumor growth and suppressed ki‐67 levels. CircTNPO3 promoted HCC progression through regulating STRN expression by sponging miR‐199b‐5p, which provided a strategy for HCC treatment.
FAM3D inhibits gluconeogenesis in high glucose environment via DUSP1/ZFP36/SIK1 axis
Authors: Huang Bin , Luo Yue‐Ling , Huang Jun‐Ling , Li Guang‐Zhi , Qiu Shi‐Yuan , Huang Chun‐Chun 
Published: December 2022

AbstractHyperglycemia is the most important factor leading to the complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The primary condition for the treatment of T2DM is to change the glucose and lipid metabolism disorders in the liver and other insulin‐sensitive tissues. The current study aims to unearth the potential molecular mechanism of inhibiting liver gluconeogenesis to provide a new theoretical basis for the treatment of T2DM. High glucose (HG) induction of HepG2 cells followed by treatment with sequence‐similar family 3 member D (FAM3D). Dual specificity phosphatases 1 (DUSP1), zinc finger protein 36 (ZFP36), salt‐induced kinase 1 (SIK1), p‐SIK1, posphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) and glucose‐6‐phosphatase (G6Pase) gene and protein expression level were detected by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction and western blot. The PEPCK and G6Pase activities were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Glucose production assay to determine glucose content. The RNA binding protein immunoprecipitation assay was used to detect the binding of ZFP36 to SIK1. FAM3D facilitated the expression of DUSP1 but suppressed the expression of gluconeogenesis‐related factors in an HG environment. The expression of ZFP36 was up‐regulated in an HG environment. ZFP36 could reverse the inhibition of gluconeogenesis caused by FAM3D. HG‐induced upregulation of ZFP36 was downregulated by overexpression of DUSP1. ZFP36 bound to SIK1, and downregulation of ZFP36 promoted SIK1 expression and inhibits gluconeogenesis. Our study demonstrated FAM3D inhibited gluconeogenesis through the DUSP1/ZFP36/SIK1 axis in an HG environment, which provided a new theoretical basis for exploring the pathogenesis and treatment strategy of T2DM.
Pattern of nodal metastasis of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma involving the temporal bone
Authors: Hintze Justin M. , O'Riordan Isobel , Jones Holly , McHugh Alison , Gendre Adrien , Timon Conrad , Kinsella John , Lennon Paul , Walsh Rory McConn , Shine Neville , O'Neill James P. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of this study was to explore the pattern of lymph‐node spread of SCCs involving the temporal bone.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed all cutaneous SCCs involving the temporal bone over a 20‐year time‐period. Forty‐one patients were eligible.ResultsMean age was 72.8 years. The diagnosis was cutaneous SCC in all cases.All patients underwent a temporal bone resection, 70.7% had a neck‐dissection and 78.0% a parotidectomy.Level 2 was the most common area of neck metastasis, and occurred in 12.2%. The parotid had disease in 34.1%. 51.2% of patients underwent free‐flap reconstruction.Mean overall survival of the cohort was 4.2 years.ConclusionsOverall, the rate of cervical nodal metastasis was 22.0% and 13.5% in the occult setting. The parotid was involved in 34.1% and 10.0% in the occult setting. Results from the present study support consideration for performing a parotidectomy at the time of temporal bone resection, while a neck dissection can be performed for adequate staging of the nodal basin.Level of Evidence3
Biogeochemical cycling of Cd, Mn, and Ce in the Eastern Tropical North Pacific oxygen‐deficient zone
Authors: Bian Xiaopeng , Yang Shun‐Chung , Bolster Kenneth M. , Moriyasu Rintaro , Moffett James W. , John Seth G. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractOxygen‐deficient zones (ODZs) play an important role in the distribution and cycling of trace metals in the ocean, as important sources of metals including Fe and Mn, and also as possible sinks of chalcophile elements such as Cd. The Eastern Tropical North Pacific (ETNP) ODZ is one of the three largest ODZs worldwide. Here, we present results from two sectional surveys through the ETNP ODZ conducted in 2018, providing high‐resolution concentrations of several metals, along with complimentary measurements of nutrients and iodine speciation. We show that samples obtained from the ship's regular rosette are clean for Cd, Mn, Ni, and light rare earth elements, while uncontaminated Fe, Zn, Cu, and Pb samples cannot be obtained without a special trace‐metal clean sampling system. Our results did not show evidence of Cd sulfide precipitation, even within the most oxygen‐depleted water mass. High Mn and Ce concentrations and high Ce anomalies were observed in low‐oxygen seawater. These maxima were most pronounced in the upper water column below the oxycline, coincident with the secondary nitrite maxima and the lowest oxygen concentrations, in what is generally considered the most microbially active part of the water column. High Mn and Ce features were also coincident with maxima in excess iodine, a tracer of shelf sediment sources. Mn and Ce maxima were most prominent within the 13°C water mass, spanning a density horizon that enhances isopycnal transport from the shelf sediments, resulting in transport of Mn and Ce at least 2500 km offshore.
A node‐based uniform strain virtual element method for compressible and nearly incompressible elasticity
Authors: Ortiz‐Bernardin A. , Silva‐Valenzuela R. , Salinas‐Fernández S. , Hitschfeld‐Kahler N. , Luza S. , Rebolledo B. 
Published: December 2022

SummaryWe propose a combined nodal integration and virtual element method for compressible and nearly incompressible elasticity, wherein the strain is averaged at the nodes from the strain of surrounding virtual elements. For the strain averaging procedure, a nodal averaging operator is constructed using a generalization to virtual elements of the node‐based uniform strain approach for finite elements. We refer to the proposed technique as the node‐based uniform strain virtual element method (NVEM). No additional degrees of freedom are introduced in this approach, thus resulting in a displacement‐based formulation. A salient feature of the NVEM is that the stresses and strains become nodal variables just like displacements, which can be exploited in nonlinear simulations. Through several benchmark problems in compressible and nearly incompressible elasticity as well as in elastodynamics, we demonstrate that the NVEM is accurate, optimally convergent and devoid of volumetric locking.
Experience in the development of nurses' personal resilience: A meta‐synthesis
Authors: Han Peng , Duan Xia , Jiang Jinxia , Zeng Li , Zhang Pengjia , Zhao Sijia 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAimNurses play roles in hospitals, families, society and other aspects and often face stress sources, such as heavy workload, doctor–patient conflict and medical accidents. Resilience can help the nurses to avoid or reduce various adverse consequences caused by stress sources; however, this phenomenon remains ill‐defined and under‐researched. The aim of this review was to summarize the experiences of development of nurses' resilience and explore the reasons for the formation of resilience by examining the findings of the existing qualitative studies.DesignThe review is a systematic review and meta‐synthesis of qualitative studies.Data SourcesPubMed, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, Web of Science, Embase, and Ovid and Chinese databases include the following: Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Database (CECDB), VIP Database and China Biomedical Database (CBM).Review MethodsRelevant publications were identified by systematic searches across 11 databases in June 2021. All qualitative and mixed‐method studies in English and Chinese that explored the experiences of development of nurses' resilience were included. The qualitative meta‐synthesis followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) recommendations. Two independent reviewers selected the studies and assessed the quality of each study. Meta‐synthesis was performed to integrate the results.ResultsA total of nine studies revealed 10 sub‐themes and three descriptive themes: being psychologically strong, physical positive coping and adoption of external support.ConclusionSeveral factors contributed to the development of nurses' resilience, and various supporting strategies in the nursing management and education are helpful to their adaption ability. However, it is necessary to focus on the cultivation of nurses' resilience to improve the quality of clinical nursing. Leaders or organizations are required to establish and sustain multifaceted strategies to improve nurse’ resilience through scientific resilience training programmes and improved organizational support.
Phenomapping approach to interpreting coronary dimensions in febrile children
Authors: Tang Haoxun , Guo Xin , Nie Xiaolu , Zheng Lin , Liu Gang , Hing‐Sang Wong Wilfred , Cheung Yiu‐Fai 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACTImportanceCoronary artery dilation may occur in febrile children with and without Kawasaki disease (KD).ObjectiveWe explored the application of unsupervised learning algorithms in the detection of novel patterns of coronary artery phenotypes in febrile children with and without KD.MethodsA total of 239 febrile children (59 non‐KD and 180 KD patients), were recruited. Unsupervised hierarchical clustering analysis of phenotypic data including age, hemoglobin, white cell count, platelet count, C‐reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, albumin, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and coronary artery z scores were performed.ResultsUsing a cutoff z score of 2.5, the specificity was 98.3% and the sensitivity was 22.1% for differentiating non‐KD from KD patients. Clustering analysis identified three phenogroups that differed in a clinical, laboratory, and echocardiographic parameters. Compared with phenogroup I, phenogroup III had the highest prevalence of KD (91%), worse inflammatory markers, more deranged liver function, higher coronary artery z scores, and lower hematocrit and albumin levels. Abnormal blood parameters in febrile children with z scores of coronary artery segments <0.5 and 0.5–1.5 was associated with increased risks of having KD to 8.7 (P = 0.003) and 4.4 (P = 0.002), respectively.InterpretationPhenomapping of febrile children with and without KD identified useful laboratory parameters that aid the diagnosis of KD in febrile children with relatively normal‐sized coronary arteries.