bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Studies on Evaluation of Sponge Gourd (Luffa cylindrica L.) Hybrids for Growth, Yield and Quality Traits
Authors: Myla Glory Angel , Singh Devi , Bahadur Vijay 
Published: July 2022

A set of ten hybrids of Sponge gourd were evaluated for studying of “Evaluation of Sponge gourd (Luffa cylindrica L.) Hybrids for growth, yield and quality traits”. The experiment was conducted in a Randomized Block Design with three replications during the Kharif season, 2020- 2022 at Department of Horticulture, Naini Agriculture Institute, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Naini. Analysis of variance showed significant differences among hybrids for all 10 characters. Out of Sponge gourd hybrids evaluated for various characters, 5 hybrids were found superior for different characters. These 5 hybrids were found better for more than one character. High genetic advance as % mean (>20%) was recorded for fruit yield per plot(kg) and fruit yield (kg/plant) along with high heritability . These traits are governed by additive gene effects and therefore, may be improved through direct selection.High value of genetic advance are governed by additive genes resulting in improvement of traits. Hybrid AG-61 (153.30) is performed superior in Prayagraj, having highest fruit yield (q/ha) than other tested hybrids and showing superiority for yield and yield attributes. Fruit yield (kg/plant) showed a positive and significant correlation with Fruit yield (Kg/plot) at both genotypic and phenotypic level.The pattern of group constellation proves the existence of significant amount of variability. The genetic divergence in selecting result in superior hybrids and desirable recombinations for the yield and quality traits.Thus, selections for these characters will be proved efficient for better yield and improvement of sponge gourd.
Geospatial Status of Available Potassium and Sulphur in Low Base Status Soils
Authors: Divya M. , P. Mahendran P. , Kannan P. , Kumar S. 
Published: July 2022

Aim: This study aims to analyse the required parameters to determine the availability of potassium and sulphur in red soils representing low base status soils of Sivagangai block of Sivagangai district, Tamil Nadu.
Study Design: Survey.
Place and Duration of Study: Survey was conducted at Sivagangai block of Sivagangai district, representing the red soils of Tamil Nadu during the winter season of 2021.
Methodology: Geo-referenced surface soil samples representing one hundred red soils were collected from the plough layer (0 to 30 cm depth) at an estimated frequency of 1 km grid over the red soils of Sivaganga block in Tamil Nadu's Sivagangai district using a handheld global positioning system (GPS). The collected samples were processed and analysed for the necessary parameters and based on that data thematic maps were created by kriging the fertility status and then exhibiting the relevant legends.
Result: The physico chemical properties of soils indicated that soils were strongly acidic to acidic in soil reaction, non - saline and low in organic carbon content. The available potassium content of the Sivagangai block ranged from 101 kg ha-1 to 260.5 kg ha-1 with a mean value of 179.4 kg ha-1. When categorised 26 per cent of samples were found low in available potassium content and the remaining 74 per cent of samples were medium. Soil available sulphur status in this block ranged from 3.10 mg kg-1 to 18.20 mg kg-1 with a mean value of 10.65 mg kg-1 indicating that 59 per cent of soil samples were found low in available sulphur status, 39 per cent of soil samples were medium status and 2 per cent of soil samples were under high status.
Conclusion: Using the geocoordinates, thematic maps for all the parameters were prepared, which indicated that the major area of the block was acidic in soil reaction, non-saline, low in organic carbon, low in free calcium carbonate, low to medium in available potassium and low in available sulphur. These maps will be useful in constructing homogenous units and assist farmers in determining the quantity and kind of potassium and sulphur fertiliser to be applied in order to optimize economic returns based on site-specific nutrient management.
Effects of Gravidity on Atherogenic Indices in Normotensive and Hypertensive Second Trimester Pregnant Women
Authors: Tomiloba Oladapo-Akinfolarin Tomaziga , Mayowa Akinfolarin Oladapo , Urekweru Ken-Ezihuo Stella , Okwuchi Anyalebechi Eberechukwu 
Published: July 2022

Background: Pregnancy results in certain physiological and metabolic changes that results to shift in certain biochemical markers and could even result in hypertension in some women thus predisposing them to risk of cardiovascular disease. While this is true, some women express these predisposing risk factors in subsequent pregnancies. Therefore, it may be a significant contribution to understand the dynamics of artherogenic indices with increasing number of pregnancies.
Aim: The goal of the study was aimed to assess gravidity effect on artherogenic indices in both normotensive and hypertensive second-trimester pregnant women.
Materials and Methods: At Rivers State University Teaching Hospital, a cross-sectional study was carried out with 100 pregnant women. The consenting patients who met the inclusion criteria were classified into two groups: normotensive (50 normotensive pregnant women in their second trimester) and hypertensive (50 hypertensive pregnant women in their second trimester) (HPW2T). The participants were subsequently split into three subgroups depending on gravidity: primigravida (no of pregnancy=1), multigravida (no of pregnancies>1), and grand multigravida (no of pregnancies≥5). For the assessment of TC, TG, HDL, and LDL, fasting blood samples were taken using the venepuncture technique. Mathematically, artheriogenic indices (AIP, CR-I, CR-II, AC, and APoB/APoA1) were calculated. At a P-value>0.05, the data was examined using ANOVA and the Tukey comparison test.
Results: There was no significant difference in artheriogenic indices between the gravidity groups in the normotensive group, with a P-value>0.05, which was also the cases among those in the hypertensive group.
Conclusion: The study has shown that gravidity does not have any effect on artheriogenic indices among normotensive and hypertensive pregnant women in the second trimester in Rivers State University Teaching Hospital.
The Potential Role of Colchicine in Reducing Mortality and Mechanical Ventilation Rates in COVID-19 Infection: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Rai Shilpa , Nijjar Shahbaz Singh , T. OJinna Blessing , Mukhtar Iqra , Ahmed Maryam , Tobalesi Opeyemi , Singh Prerna , Adefashola Olamide , O. Aboaba Abiodun , Waqar Danish , Ndove Jeffrey , Ferguson Frederick , Adedoyin Adewale Mark , Batti Patrick , Zafar Hammad 
Published: July 2022

Background: Colchicine is one of many drugs being repurposed for COVID-19 due to its potential as an anti-inflammatory agent alongside its easy accessibility and oral administration. This study aims to identify the risk reduction in mortality and mechanical ventilation of colchicine-treated COVID-19 patients compared to the standard of care/placebo.
Methods: A systematic search was conducted until December 31, 2021, with keywords including Colchicine, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, anti-inflammatory, trials, clinical, mechanical ventilation, death, and mortality. Databases including MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL Plus, Cochrane, WHO Global Database, and Preprint servers were searched. Using dichotomous data for all values, the risk ratios (RR) were calculated by applying the random-effects model in Review Manager 5.4.
Results: The 12 studies pooled 17,297 participants, with 8,528 patients in the colchicine group and 8,769 in the standard care group. Colchicine treatment led to a statistically significant reduction in the risk of death (RR=0.63, 95% CI=0.48-0.84, P=0.001). Moderately high heterogeneity was present among the included studies (I2=72%). While insignificant, the risk of mechanical ventilation was decreased by 12% among the colchicine group (RR=0.88, 95% CI=0.64-1.22, P=0.44).
Conclusions: While this meta-analysis finds overall reductions in mortality with colchicine treatment, these findings must be utilized with caution. Placebo-controlled randomized clinical trials are warranted at a large scale to validate the viability of colchicine as an adjuvant treatment for COVID-19. On obtaining more concrete findings, the potential role of colchicine may be better optimized in non-severe patients as well, across in-hospital and outpatient settings.
Activities of Datura stramonium Extracts against Clinical Pathogens
Authors: Odeleye A. A. , Obameso J. O. 
Published: July 2022

Aim: The antimicrobial activities of the ethanolic extracts of D. Stramonium pulp, seed and leaf against some medically important pathogenic microorganisms were studied.
Methodology: The antimicrobial activities of the ethanolic extracts of D. Stramonium pulp, seed and leaf were assessed on Bacillus subtilis, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive bacteria) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli (Gram-negative bacteria).
Results: The highest percentage recovery at 50% ethanolic extract of leaf was 5.6±0.1 and lowest in Pulp with 3.9±0.1. The 50% ethanolic extracts showed significant activities against tested pathogens more than the 75% ethanolic extracts which, may be due to the effect of heat generated by water bath during extraction process. The plant extracts exerted highest zones of inhibition in pulp and seed extracts against P. aeruginosa with 21±1.0 and 17±2.0 respectively and least in K. pneumoniae with 10±0.5 from seed extract. The antimicrobial activities observed in this study were due to the presence of certain phytochemials that have bactericidal or inhibitory effects on test organisms. These phytochemicals include alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, saponins, terpenoids, phenol and glycosides.
Conclusion: D. stramonium extracts revealed very promising results with health-promoting potentials that could be applied in the treatment of ailments caused by these pathogens.
Muscles, popularity, social capital, and computer skills: Examining “power” in cyberbullying
Authors: Barlett Christopher P. , Roth Brendan R. , Rinker Alexis M. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTraditional bullying perpetration explicates the importance of a power differential between the bully and the victim—predominantly physical and/or social status. The application of power from traditional to cyberbullying is unclear. The current research utilized a longitudinal study to examine the relationships between four different derivations of power—belief in the irrelevance of muscularity for online bullying (BIMOB), social capital, harmful computer skills, and popularity motivation—and cyberbullying attitudes and perpetration. Participants (185 US emerging adults) completed self‐report assessments of the aforementioned power constructs, cyberbullying attitudes, and cyberbullying behavior twice—6 months apart. Results showed only Wave 1 BIMOB predicted cyberbullying attitudes to yield subsequent cyberbullying perpetration.
Stereolithography of 3D Sustainable Metal Electrodes towards High‐Performance Nickel Iron Battery
Authors: Li Chen , Du Junjie , Gao Yong , Bu Fan , Tan Yong Hao , Wang Yuxuan , Fu Gangwen , Guan Cao , Xu Xi , Huang Wei 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe present‐day ubiquity of smart devices used under extreme conditions demands robust and more sustainable energy storage. Therefore, lightweight electrodes with both excellent electrochemical and mechanical performance to meet these needs are of great importance. Moreover, the recycling of current energy storage devices poses significant environmental concerns, a particularly daunting prospect given the increasing waste volume of metal‐based electrodes. To that end, these challenges of performance and sustainability are addressed by leveraging accessible digital light processing (DLP) technology and tailored post‐process heat treatment to fabricate a metal‐based 3D substrate with ultrahigh precision and hierarchical porosity. Here, a 4‐mm‐thickness metal‐based electrode with NiCo2S4 loading of 18.38 mg cm–2 achieves a high areal capacity of 7.327 mA h cm–2 at 44.85 mA cm–2, providing a promising way to fabricate high‐performance thick electrodes. Most importantly, these electrodes can be fabricated from recyclable metal salt feedstock. The geometric freedom offered by 3D printing supplemented by finite element analyses allows for optimized complex structures to be fabricated. Through rational design realized by 3D printing, a desirable compromise between building density, mechanical properties, electrochemical performances, and environment‐friendly processing cycle can be arrived upon.
Ultrafast Fabrication of Large‐Area Colloidal Crystal Micropatterns via Self‐Assembly and Transfer Printing
Authors: Li Xuan , Chen Lei , Ma Yuan , Weng Ding , Li Zhaoxin , Song Lele , Zhang Xuanhe , Yu Guoxu , Wang Jiadao 
Published: August 2022

AbstractColloidal crystals have brought the promise of revolution to modern engineering, yet commonly used fabrication technologies are still limited by the small preparation area, time‐consuming process, and dependence on sophisticated equipment. Here, a surface tension gradient‐driven self‐assembly strategy is proposed for the ultrafast fabrication of large‐area colloidal crystals. The hydrogel loaded with sodium dodecyl sulfate is devised to construct a stable and continuous liquid‐air interfacial tension gradient, and the resulting Marangoni effect can drive the micro‐nano particles to instantaneously form (within several seconds) highly ordered colloidal crystals. Benefiting from the long range of surface tension gradients, the fabrication area of colloidal crystal films is demonstrated to exceed an astonishing 1000 cm2 without compromising their quality, showing great potential in scale‐up manufacture. Moreover, particles of a wide variety of sizes, materials, and functionalities can form close‐packed self‐assembly monolayers and be transferred to various substrates without damage, exhibiting great versatility. Inspired by ink microprinting, an ultrafast nanoparticle transfer printing method is further proposed to convert the close‐packed nanoparticle monolayers into large‐area conformal micropatterns with single‐nanoparticle resolution. The great potential of nanoparticle micropatterns is demonstrated in flexible micro‐electronics/skin electronics. This user‐friendly, efficient self‐assembly, and micropatterning strategy provide promising opportunities for academic and real industrial applications.
Unraveling the Antisolvent Bathing Effect on CsPbI3 Crystallization under Ambient Conditions
Authors: Jeong Wooyong , Jang Gyumin , Ma Sunihl , Son Jaehyun , Lee Chan Uk , Lee Junwoo , Im Hayoung , Moon Jooho 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAntisolvent treatment has been developed to effectively fabricate dimethylammonium‐iodide (DMAI)‐assisted CsPbI3 perovskite solar cells (PSC) under moisture conditions. However, a clear understanding of its effect on the crystallization mechanism is still elusive. Here, the antisolvent bathing effect on DMAI‐assisted CsPbI3 crystallization is investigated under ambient conditions. For films bathed into antisolvents with Lewis basic oxygen (i.e., diethyl ether, anisole, ethyl acetate, and methyl acetate), rapid crystallization kinetics are observed due to the interaction between Cs4PbI6 and antisolvent in the form of the adduct. The Cs4PbI6‐antisolvent adduct lowers the transformation energy barrier, thereby enabling immediate phase transformation to CsPbI3 as soon as DMAPbI3 is decomposed. Based on this observation, a new crystallization mechanism is proposed for DMAI‐assisted CsPbI3 in which Cs4PbI6, instead of DMAPbI3, plays the role of the predominant phase of crystallization. Accelerated crystallization due to anisole antisolvent bathing results in a uniform film morphology and better coverage with fewer defects and pinholes. This enhances the power conversion efficiency of the n‐i‐p‐structured PSCs based on anisole‐bathed CsPbI3 to 18.84%, even under moisture conditions.
Photoredox C(sp3)−C(sp3) Cross‐Dehydrogenative Coupling of Xanthene with β‐keto Moiety using MoS2 Quantum Dot (QD) Catalyst.
Authors: Deore Jiteshkumar P. , De Mrinmoy 
Published: August 2022

AbstractVisible light‐mediated Cross‐Dehydrogenative Coupling of Xanthene with β‐keto moieties has been developed using MoS2 Quantum Dot (QD) as a photoredox catalyst. Interesting features of this strategy includes circumventing the requisite of pre‐functionalized starting material, broad substrate scope, mild reaction condition, water as a solvent system, and recyclability of catalyst up to six cycles without loss of yield and selectivity. We have also enlightened the Kinetic Solvent Isotope Effect (KSIE) by scrutinizing the aspect of triplet‐to‐triplet photo energy transfer. The reductive quenching mechanism of QD photocatalyst has been endorsed by cyclic voltametric study.magnified image
Idahoa and Subularia: Hidden polyploid origins of two enigmatic genera of crucifers
Authors: Dogan Mert , Mandáková Terezie , Guo Xinyi , Lysak Martin A. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPremiseThe monotypic Idahoa (I. scapigera) and the bispecific Subularia (S. aquatica and S. monticola) belong to Brassicaceae with unclear phylogenetic relationships and no tribal assignment. To fill this knowledge gap, we investigated these species and their closest relatives by combining cytogenomic and phylogenomic methods.MethodsWe used whole plastome sequences in maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference analyses. We tested the phylogenetic informativeness of shared genomic repeats. We combined nuclear gene tree reconciliation and comparative chromosome painting (CCP) to examine the occurrence of past whole‐genome duplications (WGDs).ResultsThe plastid data set corroborated the sister relationship between Idahoa and Subularia within the crucifer Lineage V but failed to resolve consistent topologies using both inference methods. The shared repetitive sequences provided conflicting pwhylogenetic signals. CCP analysis unexpectedly revealed that Idahoa (2n = 16) has a diploidized mesotetraploid genome, whereas two Subularia species (2n = 28 and 30) have diploidized mesoctoploid genomes. Several ancient allopolyploidy events have also been detected in closely related taxa (Chamira circaeoides, Cremolobeae, Eudemeae, and Notothlaspideae).ConclusionsOur results suggest that the contentious phylogenetic placement of Idahoa and Subularia is best explained by two WGDs involving one or more shared parental genomes. The newly identified mesopolyploid genomes highlight the challenges of studying plant clades with complex polyploidy histories and provide a better framework for understanding genome evolution in the crucifer family.
Do zoo animals use off‐exhibit areas to avoid noise? A case study exploring the influence of sound on the behavior, physiology, and space use of two pied tamarins (Saguinus bicolor)
Authors: Wark Jason D. , Schook Mandi W. , Dennis Patricia M. , Lukas Kristen E. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractNoise can be a known stressor but our understanding of its effects on animals living in zoo environments remains limited. Although exposure to loud, chronic noise may be expected to negatively impact welfare, providing access to quiet areas to escape loud noise may buffer these negative effects. In this study, we explored the benefits of access to quiet, off‐exhibit areas for animals living in a chronically loud sound environment. Two pied tamarins (Saguinus bicolor) living near a large waterfall feature that emitted loud, chronic noise were experimentally exposed to varying sound levels during 2‐week treatment conditions. Baseline conditions (waterfall feature on and access to quiet, off‐exhibit areas), were followed by a Quiet sound condition (waterfall off), a Loud sound condition (waterfall on and a speaker in the off‐exhibit area playing volume‐matched white noise), and a final Baseline condition. During Baseline conditions, sound levels were greater than 10 dBA higher in the exhibit than in the off‐exhibit area (i.e., roughly twice as loud). The number of visitor groups present during behavior observations were consistent throughout the study. Both tamarins modified their space use during treatment conditions. Under Baseline conditions, both individuals showed frequent usage of quiet, off‐exhibit areas. During the Quiet and Loud conditions, where sound levels were generally consistent across spaces, both individuals used off‐exhibit areas less and their use of exhibit and off‐exhibit areas was not significantly different than would be expected by chance, given the size of the areas. Additional behavioral changes were minimal. No significant differences in fecal glucocorticoid metabolites were observed. Although the monkeys in this study appeared to avoid noise, the overall impact on welfare appeared to be minimal considering the limited behavioral and hormonal changes observed. This study highlights the potential benefits of off‐exhibit spaces as a quiet refuge from noise in the zoo environment.
The effects of inactivated SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccination and subsequent infection of pregnant mice on the behaviors of offspring
Authors: Lin Kaili , Liu Meixuan , Sun Lu , Qiao Hongwei , Wang Shunyi , Pan Sidan , Fu Hanjun , Wang Jingzhu , Wei Qiang , Gao Hong 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe mass inoculation of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) vaccines to induce herd immunity is one of the most effective measures we can deploy in the fight against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19). Pregnant women are prone to a higher risk of COVID‐19, and maternal infection is a risk factor for a range of neurological disorders leading to abnormal behavior in adulthood. However, there are limited clinical data to support whether vaccination or infection post‐immunization in pregnant women can affect the behavioral cognition of fetuses in adulthood. In this study, human angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2 pregnant mice (F0 generation) were immunized with CoronaVac and then infected with SARS‐CoV‐2. Subsequently, we analyzed the behavioral cognition of their adult offspring (F1 generation) using the open‐field test and Morris water maze test. The adult F1 generation did not exhibit any impairments in spontaneous locomotor activity or spatial reference memory.
Lacosamide poisoning improved by hemodialysis
Authors: Takahashi Hiroki , Muroya Takashi , Okamoto Yasutaka , Tamagaki Keisuke , Maeshima Kenji , Onoe Atsunori , Nakamura Fumiko , Nakajima Mari , Sakuramoto Kazuhito , Kajino Kentarou , Ikegawa Hitoshi , Kuwagata Yasuyuki 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundLacosamide (LCM) is a third‐generation antiepileptic drug that has been proven to be effective and safe, with few side‐effects.Case PresentationA woman aged in her 20s was transported to our hospital because of decreased consciousness. Many drugs, such as LCM (328 tablets) and perampanel hydrate (81 tablets), were found in her car. Her Glasgow Coma Scale score was 14. She was intubated and managed with mechanical ventilation, and she was treated with activated charcoal. Subsequently, hemodialysis (HD) was initiated due to the appearance of clonic convulsions. After 4 h of HD, no seizures were noted. The patient was weaned from the ventilator 18 h after admission and discharged on day 4. Her blood LCM level was 91.7 μg/mL on admission and 68.1 and 18.3 μg/ml before and after HD, respectively.ConclusionHemodialysis was carried out in this severe case of LCM poisoning and was found to be effective.