bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Glucosamine‐phosphate N‐acetyltransferase 1 and its DNA methylation can be biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of lung cancer
Authors: Ding Peikun , Peng Bin , Li Guofeng , Sun Xuefeng , Wang Guangsuo 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectiveLung cancer ranking high in the cancer‐related list has long perplexed patients, in which glucosamine‐phosphate N‐acetyltransferase 1 (GNPNAT1) is found to be highly expressed. Besides, DNA methylation is perceived as a biomarker to assess the prognosis of patients with various cancers. However, the correlation between GNPNAT1 and DNA methylation and the role of GNPNAT1 in lung cancer remain vague.MethodsPrincipal component analysis (PCA), heatmap, volcano map, Venn diagram, gene ontology (GO), and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis were used to screen out the candidate genes. The viability, migration, and invasion of lung cancer cells were detected by CCK‐8 and Transwell assays. An xenograft tumor mouse model was established. The relative expressions of GNPNAT1, E‐cadherin, vimentin, Matrix metalloproteinase‐2 (MMP‐2), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase‐2 (TIMP‐2), E2F1, and cyclin D1 in cells or xenograft tumor tissues were quantified by Western blot, RT‐qPCR, or immunohistochemistry assay.ResultsGNPNAT1 was screened as the research object. GNPNAT1 methylation was downregulated, while GNPNAT1 expression was upregulated in lung cancer tissues. The methylation and mRNA levels of GNPNAT1 were correlated with the patient prognosis. GNPNAT1 increased cell viability, migration and invasion, and promoted the xenograft tumor volume and weight, whereas shGNPNAT1 acted oppositely. Moreover, expressions of Vimentin, MMP‐2, E2F1, and cyclin D1 were increased, but E‐cadherin and TIMP‐2 expressions were decreased by overexpressed GNPNAT1, whilst GNPNAT1 knockdown ran conversely.ConclusionGNPNAT1 and methylated GNPNAT1 coverage are biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of lung cancer.
A variant of the Erdős–Rényi random graph process
Authors: Logan Adam , Molloy Mike , Prałat Paweł 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe consider a natural variant of the Erdős–Rényi random graph process in which vertices are special and are never put into the same connected component. The model is natural and interesting on its own, but is actually inspired by the multiway cut problem that itself is connected to a number of important problems in graph theory. We will show that a phase transition for the appearance of the giant component occurs when the number of special vertices is roughly , where is the number of vertices.
Safety and effectiveness of apixaban versus warfarin for acute venous thromboembolism in patients with end‐stage kidney disease: A national cohort study
Authors: Ellenbogen Michael I. , Ardeshirrouhanifard Shirin , Segal Jodi B. , Streiff Michael B. , Deitelzweig Steven B. , Brotman Daniel J. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundPatients with end‐stage kidney disease (ESKD) are at significantly increased risk for both thrombosis and bleeding relative to those with normal renal function. The optimal therapy of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients with ESKD is unknown.ObjectiveTo compare the safety and effectiveness of apixaban relative to warfarin in patients with ESKD and acute VTE.Design, Setting and ParticipantsNew‐user, active‐comparator retrospective United States population‐based cohort with inverse probability of treatment weighting, using the United States Renal Data System data from 2014 to 2018. We included adults with ESKD on hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis who were newly initiated on apixaban or warfarin for an acute VTE.Main Outcome and MeasuresThe coprimary outcomes were major bleeding, recurrent VTE, and all‐cause mortality within 6 months of anticoagulant initiation. Secondary outcomes were intracranial hemorrhage and gastrointestinal bleeding. The primary analyses were based on intent‐to‐treat defined by the first drug received and accounted for competing risks of death. Sensitivity analyses included varied follow‐up time, as‐treated analyses, and dose‐specific apixaban subgroups.ResultsThe apixaban and warfarin cohorts included 2302 and 9263 patients, respectively. Apixaban was associated with a lower risk of major bleeding (hazard ratio [HR] 0.81, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.70–0.94), intracranial bleeding (HR 0.69, 95% CI 0.48–0.98), and gastrointestinal bleeding (HR 0.82, 95% CI 0.69–0.96). Recurrent VTE and all‐cause mortality were not significantly different between the groups.ConclusionApixaban was associated with a lower risk of bleeding relative to warfarin when used to treat acute VTE in patients with ESKD on dialysis.
A well‐defined hierarchically porous metal–organic framework and its application in separation and purification of steviol glycosides
Authors: Chen Nana , Huang Mingli , Fu Qiaoge , Shi Chaoyi , Guo Ruili 
Published: August 2022

The separation and removal of stevioside from natural product steviol glycosides to obtain high‐purity rebaudioside A is of great significance for the application of steviol glycosides in food, medicine, and other fields. Here, in order to explore the adsorbent pore structure suitable for the separation of stevioside and rebaudioside A, a hierarchically porous amino‐functionalized metal–organic framework (HP‐NH2‐MIL‐53) with an appropriate and narrow pore size distribution was prepared using a modulator‐induced defect‐formation strategy. The results showed that the hierarchically porous structure with micropores and mesopores increased the specific surface area and exposed amino groups compared with original metal organic framework (NH2‐MIL‐53), and the maximum adsorption capacity of HP‐NH2‐MIL‐53 for stevioside and rebaudioside A was 233.89 mg/g. The narrow pore size distribution close to 3.80 nm promoted the screening effect, resulting in a maximum adsorption selectivity of 4.13. This work proves that when the pore size of the adsorbent is between 1.41 and 3.80 nm, it has a certain pore size screening effect on stevioside and rebaudioside A, and the hierarchically porous metal‐organic frameworks provide a pre‐design idea of adsorbent structure for the separation of natural products with molecular weight of 800–1000 Da.
Hot corrosion behavior of Al2O3 + Sm2SrAl2O7 composite thermal barrier coatings
Authors: Joseph Fredy J. , Arya Shashi Bhushan , Tailor Satish 
Published: August 2022

AbstractRare earth‐based samarium strontium aluminate (Sm2SrAl2O7) powder has been synthesized in the laboratory through molten salt synthesis and Al2O3 + Sm2SrAl2O7 (SSA) thermal barrier coatings have been developed on an Inconel 718 superalloy substrate by atmospheric plasma spraying technique. The microstructures and surface morphologies of the samples before and after the hot corrosion tests in 50 wt% Na2SO4 + 50 wt% V2O5 (aviation atmosphere) and 90 wt% Na2SO4 + 5 wt% V2O5 + 5 wt% NaCl (marine atmosphere) at 700°C and 900°C were examined. It is observed that samples exposed to marine conditions exhibited 14.5% and 11.6% lower lifetime than the samples exposed to aviation conditions at 700°C and 900°C, respectively, due to significant chlorides attack.
An acoustic Riemann solver for large strain computational contact dynamics
Authors: Runcie Callum J. , Lee Chun Hean , Haider Jibran , Gil Antonio J. , Bonet Javier 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis article presents a vertex‐centered finite volume algorithm for the explicit dynamic analysis of large strain contact problems. The methodology exploits the use of a system of first order conservation equations written in terms of the linear momentum and a triplet of geometric deformation measures (comprising the deformation gradient tensor, its co‐factor, and its Jacobian) together with their associated jump conditions. The latter can be used to derive several dynamic contact models ensuring the preservation of hyperbolic characteristic structure across solution discontinuities at the contact interface, a clear advantage over the standard quasi‐static contact models where the influence of inertial effects at the contact interface is completely neglected. Taking advantage of the conservative nature of the formalism, both kinetic (traction) and kinematic (velocity) contact interface conditions are explicitly enforced at the fluxes through the use of appropriate jump conditions. Specifically, the kinetic condition is enforced in the usual linear momentum equation, whereas the kinematic condition can now be easily enforced in the geometric conservation equations without requiring a computationally demanding iterative algorithm. Additionally, a total variation diminishing shock capturing technique can be suitably incorporated in order to improve dramatically the performance of the algorithm at the vicinity of shocks. Moreover, and to guarantee stability from the spatial discretization standpoint, global entropy production is demonstrated through the satisfaction of semi‐discrete version of the classical Coleman–Noll procedure expressed in terms of the time rate of the so‐called Hamiltonian energy of the system. Finally, a series of numerical examples is examined in order to assess the performance and applicability of the algorithm suitably implemented in OpenFOAM. The knowledge of the potential contact loci between contact interfaces is assumed to be known a priori.
Aconitate decarboxylase 1 regulates glucose homeostasis and obesity in mice
Authors: Frieler Ryan A. , Vigil Thomas M. , Song Jianrui , Leung Christy , Goldstein Daniel R. , Lumeng Carey N. , Mortensen Richard M. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe intersection between immunology and metabolism contributes to the pathogenesis of obesity‐associated metabolic diseases as well as molecular control of inflammatory responses. The metabolite itaconate and the cell‐permeable derivatives have robust anti‐inflammatory effects; therefore, it is hypothesized that cis‐aconitate decarboxylase (Acod1)‐produced itaconate has a protective, anti‐inflammatory effect during diet‐induced obesity and metabolic disease.MethodsWild‐type and Acod1−/− mice were subjected to diet‐induced obesity. Glucose metabolism was analyzed by glucose tolerance tests, insulin tolerance tests, and indirect calorimetry. Gene expression and transcriptome analysis was performed using quantitative reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) and RNA sequencing.ResultsWild‐type and Acod1−/− mice on high‐fat diet had equivalent weight gain, but Acod1−/− mice had impaired glucose metabolism. Insulin tolerance tests and glucose tolerance tests after 12 weeks on high‐fat diet revealed significantly higher blood glucose levels in Acod1−/− mice. This was associated with significant enrichment of inflammatory gene sets and a reduction in genes related to adipogenesis and fatty acid metabolism. Analysis of naive Acod1−/− mice showed a significant increase in fat deposition at 3 and 6 months of age and obesity and insulin resistance by 12 months.ConclusionsThe data show that Acod1 has an important role in the regulation of glucose homeostasis and obesity under normal and high‐fat diet conditions.
Challenges in the interpretation of a germline TERT variant in a patient with juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia
Authors: Janczar Szymon , Kirschner Martin , Beier Fabian , Brümmendorf Tim H. , Ussowicz Marek , Babol‐Pokora Katarzyna , Oszer Aleksandra , Yoshimi Ayami , Kalwak Krzysztof , Mlynarski Wojciech 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDyskeratosis congenita (DC) is a bone marrow failure syndrome with extrahematopoietic abnormalities. DC is a paradigmatic telomere biology disorder (TBD) caused by germline mutations in genes responsible for telomere maintenance including TERT. Cryptic TBD is a bone marrow failure syndrome due to premature telomere shortening but without additional symptoms, frequently clinically indistinguishable from severe aplastic anemia (SAA) or hypoplastic myelodysplastic syndrome. We present the complex diagnostic pathway in a boy with a rare germline p.Thr726Met TERT variant with previous reports of SAA association and compromised enzymatic function who presented with juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia, which is a rare myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasm of childhood.
Meditation reduces brain activity in the default mode network in children with active cancer and survivors
Authors: Hehr Aneesh , Iadipaolo Allesandra S. , Morales Austin , Cohen Cindy , Taub Jeffrey W. , Harper Felicity W. K. , Goldberg Elimelech , Bluth Martin H. , Rabinak Christine A. , Marusak Hilary A. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundMounting evidence demonstrates that meditation can lower pain and emotional distress in adults, and more recently, in children. Children may benefit from meditation given its accessibility across a variety of settings (e.g., surgical preparation). Recent neuroimaging studies in adults suggest that meditation techniques are neurobiologically distinct from other forms of emotion regulation, such as distraction, that rely on prefrontal control mechanisms, which are underdeveloped in youth. Rather, meditation techniques may not rely on “top‐down” prefrontal control and may therefore be utilized across the lifespan.ProcedureWe examined neural activation in children with cancer, a potentially distressing diagnosis. During neuroimaging, children viewed distress‐inducing video clips while using martial arts‐based meditation (focused attention, mindful acceptance) or non‐meditation (distraction) emotion regulation techniques. In a third condition (control), participants passively viewed the video clip.ResultsWe found that meditation techniques were associated with lower activation in default mode network (DMN) regions, including the medial frontal cortex, precuneus, and posterior cingulate cortex, compared to the control condition. Additionally, we found evidence that meditation techniques may be more effective for modulating DMN activity than distraction. There were no differences in self‐reported distress ratings between conditions.ConclusionTogether, these findings suggest that martial arts‐based meditation modulates negative self‐referential processing associated with the DMN, and may have implications for the management of pediatric pain and negative emotion.
Ionic liquid‐functionalized reinforcements in epoxy‐based composites: A systematic review
Authors: Kerche Eduardo Fischer , Fonseca Eduardo , Schrekker Henri Stephan , Amico Sandro Campos 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSeveral high‐performance reinforcements may be used in epoxy‐based composites. These commonly undergo chemical and/or physical treatments to enhance their interfacial interactions with polymer matrices. One recent technology comprises the use of ionic liquids (IL) as compatibilizers. This strategy may result in the development of composite materials with greater performance or multifunctional characteristics. Herein, an overview in the area of IL‐modified reinforcements and their effect on epoxy‐based composites is presented. The PRISMA protocol was followed for the review, and the focus of these studies was on the modification of carbon nanotubes, followed by graphene/graphite nanoplatelets and bio‐fillers. The most used IL were those based on imidazolium cation, especially 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium chloride. In most cases, when IL are used, the reinforcement displays stronger interactions with the epoxy matrix, depending the treatment route employed. Improved interfacial interactions are cited as the main reason for the improvement in the composite mechanical and thermal performances. It was also found that strategies for using low IL content, or routes that enable recovery of the salts after fiber/particle treatment, are still required, as well as the study of the influence of different amounts/types of IL on the structure of fillers and their relationships with the composite properties.
Plasma and cellular ivacaftor concentrations in patients with cystic fibrosis
Authors: Guimbellot Jennifer S. , Ryan Kevin J. , Anderson Justin D. , Parker Kennedy L. , Victoria Odom Lauren , Rowe Steven M. , Acosta Edward P. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAccess to cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) modulators has been gradually increasing for people with cystic fibrosis, the first of which was ivacaftor, a CFTR potentiator that is part of all clinically available modulator treatments. In this study, we hypothesized that the steady‐state concentrations in blood and tissue are highly variable in patients taking ivacaftor in a real‐world context, which may have an impact on the treatment approach. We collected nasal epithelial cells to estimate target site concentrations and blood samples to estimate pharmacokinetic parameters at a steady state. We found that patients on ivacaftor monotherapy have variable concentrations well above the maximal effective concentration and may maintain concentrations necessary for the clinical benefit even if dosing is reduced. We also are the first to provide detailed target site concentration data over time, which shows that tissue concentrations do not fluctuate significantly and do not correlate with plasma concentrations. These findings show that some patients may have higher‐than‐expected concentrations and may benefit from tailored dosing to balance clinical response with side effects or adherence needs.
Enhanced attenuation (EA) to manage PFAS plumes in groundwater
Authors: Newell Charles J. , Javed Hassan , Li Yue , Johnson Nicholas W. , Richardson Stephen D. , Connor John A. , Adamson David T. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractRemediation of per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in groundwater is particularly challenging because of their unique chemical and fate and transport properties. Many conventional in‐situ remediation technologies, commonly applied to address other groundwater contaminants, have proven ineffective for treatment of PFAS. Given their stability, destruction of PFAS in‐situ has remained elusive as an in‐situ treatment option. Consequently, new approaches to manage PFAS groundwater plumes are of great interest to environmental practitioners. We propose that enhancing PFAS retention can play an important role in reducing PFAS mass flux and providing long‐term protection of downgradient groundwater receptors. Enhanced retention of PFAS fits directly into the enhanced attenuation (EA) framework, an established groundwater remediation strategy that was developed in the first decade of the 2000s for other groundwater contaminants. In this paper, we propose eight EA approaches for PFAS in groundwater, including technologies that are currently being implemented at PFAS sites (e.g., injection of particulate carbon amendments), applications of conventional remediation technologies to PFAS sites (e.g., capping to retain PFAS in the vadose zone), and novel, innovative approaches (e.g., intentional food grade LNAPL emplacement to retain PFAS) for enhanced PFAS retention. These EA approaches leverage the properties of PFAS to (i) facilitate sorption to conventional and novel sorbents, (ii) concentrate PFAS at air/water interface via gas sparging, and/or (iii) encourage retention via tidal pumping and PFAS salting out processes. For each of the proposed EA approaches, we describe the methodology or concept and discuss the key processes, potential applications, anticipated increases in PFAS retention compared to natural systems, potential challenges, alternate designs, and current likelihood of large‐scale adoption.
Fast Current‐Driven Synthesis of ZIF‐Derived Catalyst Layers for High‐Performance Zn‐Air Battery
Authors: Zhu Weikang , Liu Haotian , Yue Runfei , Pei Yabiao , Zhang Junfeng , Liu Xin , Li Ran , Yin Yan , Guiver Michael D. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAs a core component, the catalyst layer (CL) is widely used in fuel cell, metal‐air battery, and other energy conversion devices. Herein, a highly efficient method for CL preparation via fast current‐driven synthesis followed by pyrolysis is proposed. Compared with previously reported fabrication procedures of zeolite imidazolate frameworks (ZIF)‐based CLs, this method directly deposits the ZIF precursor onto the conductive substrate in a very short time (≤15 min). The self‐supporting CL, converted from ZIF membrane by simple single‐step pyrolysis, is assembled with the gas diffusion layer to obtain cathode. Electrochemical tests exhibit a small potential gap (0.83 V) between the oxygen reduction and evolution reactions, as well as high performance and excellent stability for Zn‐air battery (241 mW cm–2 at 390 mA cm–2), due to the unique design of a bi‐continuous framework (interconnected pores and long carbon nanotubes) and Co‐based active sites. This work may provide new directions for the fast fabrication of non‐platinum group metal CLs for metal‐air batteries or fuel cell applications.
Single‐source‐precursor derived bulk Si3N4/HfBxN1‐x ceramic nanocomposites with excellent oxidation resistance
Authors: Li Wei , Du Hanzi , Tian Chuanmu , Jiang Tianshu , Bernauer Jan , Widenmeyer Marc , Wiehl Leonore , Molina‐Luna Leopoldo , Hofmann Jan Philipp , Weidenkaff Anke , Yu Zhaoju , Riedel Ralf 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn the present work, bulk Si3N4/HfBxN1‐x ceramic nanocomposites were successfully fabricated via a polymer‐derived ceramic approach. The chemical reaction to form the single‐source precursor was confirmed by FT‐IR and XPS, in which both Si−H and N−H groups of perhydropolysilazane react with borane dimethyl sulfide complex and tetrakis(dimethylamido) hafnium(IV). The investigation of the polymer‐to‐ceramic transformation of the synthesized precursors indicates that Hf‐ and B‐modified PHPS exhibits high ceramic yields of up to 100 wt % after pyrolysis at 1000 °C under ammonia. Moreover, XRD and TEM results show that the SiHfBN ceramics with a molar ratio of B : Hf=5 and 10 resist crystallization at temperatures up to 1500 °C and separate after annealing at 1700 °C into nanocomposites comprising of an α‐Si3N4 matrix with embedded ternary HfBxN1‐x phases, solid solutions of rock salt‐type HfN and HfB. Based on the investigation, warm‐pressing was applied to fabricate bulk SiHfBN specimens, and the oxidation behavior of samples annealed at 1700 °C was recorded at 1500 °C over a range of oxidation times between 1 and 50 h. The weight changes of Si3N4/HfBxN1‐x ceramics with B : Hf molar ratios of 2 : 1, 5 : 1 and 10 : 1 are 4.31 %, 4.37 % and 2.57 %, respectively. The formation of HfSiO4, B2O3 and SiO2 during oxidation plays a crucial role for the improvement of the oxidation resistance of the Si3N4/HfBxN1‐x ceramics.