bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of bone particle size on the histomorphometric and clinical outcomes following lateral ridge augmentation procedures: A randomized double‐blinded controlled trial
Authors: Basma Hussein S. , Saleh Muhammad H. A. , Geurs Nico C. , Li Peng , Ravidà Andrea , Wang Hom‐Lay , Abou‐Arraj Ramzi V. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this randomized clinical trial was to clinically and histologically compare the amount and quality of bone gained after lateral ridge augmentation (LRA) procedures performed using small‐particle (SP)‐size (250–1000 μm) versus large‐particle (LP)‐size (1000–2000 μm) size corticocancellous bone allografts at 6 months following surgical intervention.MethodsTwenty‐two patients, each presenting with ridge width <5 mm were enrolled. Patients were randomly allocated to SP‐ and LP‐size graft. The gain in ridge width at the level of the crest and 4 mm apical to the crest was assessed via a standardized procedure before grafting and at time of implant placement, using a surgical caliper and a novel digital technique using cone‐beam computed tomography (CBCT). Six months following the procedure, trephine bone cores were taken from 19 augmented sites of 17 patients (14/19 sites were in the posterior mandible) who completed the study for clinical, histologic, and histomorphometric analysis.ResultsSeventeen patients (19 sites) completed the study. An LP‐size graft resulted in greater ridge width gain at the level of the crest (LP 5.1 ± 1.7; SP 3.7 ± 1.3 mm; p = 0.0642) and 4 mm apical to the crest (LP 5.9 ± 2.2; SP 5.1 ± 1.8 mm; p = 0.4480) compared with the SP. No statistical significance for the bone density at the time of implant placement (p = 1.00) was found. Vital bone formation was more extensive in the SP compared with the LP (41.0 ± 10.1% vs. 31.4 ± 14.8%, respectively; p = 0.05).ConclusionThe results of the present study show a trend of higher ridge gain using LP during the bone augmentation procedure. Future research with bigger sample size should confirm the results of the present research.
Contactless Glucose Sensing at Sub‐Micromole Level Using a Deep‐Subwavelength Decimeter‐Wave Plasmonic Resonator
Authors: Zhang Xuanru , Cui Tie Jun 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMicrowave resonance sensing has found a wide variety of applications and exhibits promising potentials in compact integrated sensors. However, its distinguishing ability to trace‐amount targets remains challenging, which can be characterized by the effective wavelength and the quality factor (Q‐factor). Here, a contactless sensing scheme for detecting sub‐micromole glucose using a deep‐subwavelength spoof localized surface plasmon (SLSP) resonator working at the decimeter‐wave band is proposed. The SLSP resonator sustains a mixed‐mode of an electric monopole and a magnetic dipole, compressing the electromagnetic mode into a diameter smaller than λ0/41 (λ0 is the free‐space wavelength) and achieving a measured Q‐factor of 187. In experiments, contactless sensing has been realized using a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microfluidic channel, which separates the resonator and the solution. The solution sample under test features an ultra‐compact volume of 3.7 × 10–8 λ03, and a detection limit of 0.45 µmol glucose is demonstrated. This work envisions the applications of spoof localized surface plasmons in the contactless and trace‐amount biomedical sensing.
Electrospinning of 1D Fiber‐Like Block Copolymer Micelles with a Crystalline Core
Authors: Ellis Charlotte E. , Hils Christian , Oliver Alex M. , Greiner Andreas , Schmalz Holger , Manners Ian 
Published: August 2022

AbstractElectrospinning is a simple, low‐cost, and high throughput technique that allows for the processing of polymers into fibers. The process can be controlled to allow access for well‐defined continuous fibers that are of interest for a wide range of applications including as tissue scaffolds, as nanowires in optoelectronic devices, and in catalysis. Conventional electrospinning processes use polymer solutions with high molecular weights. Here, the electrospinning of 1D fiber‐like block copolymer micelles containing a crystalline core is reported. The successfully accessed core‐shell microfibers in which 1D micelles containing a crystalline poly(ferrocenyldimethylsilane) (PFS) core are immobilized on a polystyrene microfiber via coaxial electrospinning. Furthermore, efforts to extend this approach to the use of 1D micelles comprising of a crystalline, π‐conjugated poly(di‐n‐hexylfluorene) (PDHF) core are described. Electrospinning is also successfully used to prepare microfibers consisting solely of 1D micelles with a PFS crystalline core, the first examples where a template material is not required.
Effects of polyamide 12 and chain extender on the properties of microcrystalline cellulose reinforced polyamide 11 composites
Authors: Xu Shihua , Yi Shunmin , Fang Yiqun , Yi Xin , Xu Peng 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn the present study, polyamide 12 (PA12) and 2,2′‐(1,4‐phenylene)bis(2‐oxazoline) (PBO) were used to modify polyamide 11 (PA11), and then microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) reinforced PA11 composites was prepared via hot pressing. The results showed that the thermoplastic elastomer PA12 was in favor of the toughness of the composites, 12% PA12 increased the impact strength by 53%. The molecular chains of PA11/PA12 blends were extended by PBO, and then had positive effects on the mechanical properties, as evidenced by the fact that the flexural strength and the impact strength of the composites with 0.3% PBO were increased by 13% and 14%, respectively. In addition, morphology analysis indicated PBO was in favor of the interfacial bonding of the composites. MCC significantly increased the flexural strength and modulus by 68% and 283%, respectively.
Epoxy chain extender grafted pyrophyllite/poly(ethylene terephthalate) composites with enhanced crystallinity and mechanical properties
Authors: Li Juan , Li Bo , Huang Shaowen , Luo Shanshan , He Shengbao , Gao Chengtao , Liu Shan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe surface‐grafting modification of nano clay has become increasingly important for improving the practical application of clays. In this study, an epoxy chain extender ADR‐4468 was used to modify the surface of pyrophyllite (Prl), and the effect of ADR‐4468‐modified pyrophyllite (A‐Prl) on the properties of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) and PET/poly(ethylene glycol‐co‐1,3/1,4‐cyclohexanedimethanol terephthalate) (PETG) composites was investigated. The modified composites were characterized by Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction and TG, which proved that the A‐Prl was successfully synthesized, and the addition of ADR‐4468 did not change the crystal structure of pyrophyllite. The grafted ADR‐4468 improved the agglomeration of Prl, and some A‐Prl reached nano‐scale dispersion in PET and PET/PETG composites. The rheological properties, crystallization behavior and mechanical properties of PET and PET/PETG nanocomposites were systematically investigated. The results showed that A‐Prl was an effective nucleating agent for PET, which significantly improved the crystallization properties of PET composites. The A‐Prl also improved the comprehensive mechanical properties of PET and PET/PETG nanocomposites. In particular, the impact toughness of A‐Prl/PET/PETG composite with 1.5 wt % A‐Prl was increased by 120% compared with that of pure PET. The functional additive is expected to be used in the preparation of high‐performance and recyclable PET composites.
Biomass formation and sugar release efficiency of Populus modified by altered expression of a NAC transcription factor
Authors: Payyavula Raja S. , Badmi Raghuram , Jawdy Sara S. , Rodriguez Miguel , Gunter Lee , Sykes Robert W. , Winkeler Kimberly A. , Collins Cassandra M. , Rottmann William H. , Chen Jin‐Gui , Yang Xiaohan , Tuskan Gerald A , Kalluri Udaya C. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWoody biomass is an important feedstock for biofuel production. Manipulation of wood properties that enable efficient conversion of biomass to biofuel reduces cost of biofuel production. Wood cell wall composition is regulated at several levels that involve expression of transcription factors such as wood‐/secondary cell wall‐associated NAC domains (WND or SND). In Arabidopsis thaliana, SND1 regulates cell wall composition through activation of its down‐stream targets such as MYBs. The functional aspects of SND1 homologs in the woody Populus have been studied through transgenic manipulation. In this study, we investigated the role of PdWND1B, Populus SND1 sequence ortholog, in wood formation using transgenic manipulation through over‐expression or silencing under the control of a vascular‐specific 4‐coumarate‐CoA ligase (4CL) promoter. As compared with control plants, PdWND1B‐RNAi plants were shorter in height, with significantly reduced stem diameter and dry biomass, whereas there were no significant differences in growth and productivity of PdWND1B over‐expression plants. Conversely, PdWND1B over‐expression lines showed a significant reduction in cellulose and increase in lignin content, whereas there was no significant impact on lignin content of downregulated lines. Stem carbohydrate composition analysis revealed a decrease in glucose, mannose, arabinose, and galactose, but an increase in xylose in the over‐expression lines. Transcriptome analysis revealed upregulation of several downstream transcription factors and secondary cell wall related structural genes in the PdWND1B over‐expression lines, partly explaining the observed phenotypic changes in cell wall chemistry. Relative to the control, glucose release efficiency and ethanol production from stem biomass was significantly reduced in over‐expression lines. Our results show that PdWND1B is an important factor determining biomass productivity, cell wall chemistry and its conversion to biofuels in Populus.
Developing new derivatives of 3‐X‐4‐hydroxy‐2(1H)‐quinolone as quinoline‐based chemosensors for detecting fluoride: Theoretical study on nucleophilicity and hydrogen‐bonding via various analyses
Authors: Mohebi Nazanin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThermodynamic and electronic features of new derivatives of 3‐X‐4‐hydroxy‐2(1H)‐quinolone (X = H, OH, OMe, NH2, NMe2, Me, NHMe, F, Cl, CN, CF3, NO2, CCl3, and COH; 1–14) are investigated, at the B3LYP/6‐311++G** level of theory. Structures with electron‐donating groups (EDGs) show higher values of nucleophilicity (N) than those of electron‐withdrawing groups (EWGs), which are proved via Fukui functions. To determine the sensing ability of 1–14, fluoride (F) as an important industrial, chemical, and biological anion is complexed to the 1–14. All 1–14 establish the strong hydrogen bonding with F, which is verified by various analyses including natural bond orbital (NBO), atoms in molecules (AIM), atomic dipole moment corrected Hirshfeld charges (ADCH), and non‐covalent interaction (NCI). The excitation state study provides the noteworthy results of the charge transfer (CT), natural transition orbital (NTO), and the UV‐Vis spectrum. The obtained outcomes promise new series of quinoline‐based chemosensors (QBCs) to detect F.
Endobronchial tuberculosis in children: Defining the role of interventional bronchoscopy
Authors: García‐Martínez Laura , Laín Fernández Ana , Iglesias‐Serrano Ignacio , Giné Prades Carles , Soriano‐Arandes Antoni , López Manuel 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIntroductionEndobronchial tuberculosis (EBTB) can lead to bronchopulmonary complications when diagnosis is delayed. Bronchoscopic treatment in children can be challenging due to small airway size. We report our experience treating children with EBTB.MethodsRetrospective study (2014−2020) of patients diagnosed with EBTB. Flexible bronchoscopy (FB) was performed in patients with previous diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB), after respiratory/radiological worsening was observed in spite of medical treatment. Treatment consisted in oral corticotherapy in all patients, and interventional bronchoscopy in selected cases. Our aim is to describe the endoscopic findings, interventional bronchoscopy alternatives, and outcome.ResultsOf 45 patients with PTB, 13 (28.9%, 7 M/6 F) were diagnosed with EBTB, with a mean age of 3.9 years (0.4−12.8). Four bronchoscopic patterns were observed. Endobronchial granuloma (N:9; 69.2%): Excision with rigid bronchoscopy was achieved in five (1−5 procedures per patient), while corticotherapy alone was preferred in the remaining four due to small size/distal location of the granuloma. Caseum obstruction (2; 15.4%): dense mucous molds were removed with flexible/rigid bronchoscopy (6 and 8 procedures, respectively). Bronchial stenosis (1; 7.7%): two balloon dilatations with mitomycin‐C application were performed. Extrinsic compression (1; 7.7%): oral corticotherapy alone was initiated. One patient developed bronchoscopy‐related complications (pneumothorax requiring thoracic tube 48 h). With a medium follow‐up of 4.6 years (1.8−7.6), three patients developed bronchiectasis while the remaining 10 improved clinically and radiologically.ConclusionBronchoscopic findings in EBTB include granuloma, stenosis, caseum obstruction and external compression. In selected cases, interventional bronchoscopy can minimize long‐term bronchopulmonary complications.
International graduates on temporary post‐graduation visas in Australia: Employment experiences and outcomes
Authors: Tran Ly Thi , Tan George , Bui Huyen , Rahimi Mark 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWhile a growing body of literature focuses on international students, their post‐study experiences and employment outcomes when they are on temporary graduate visas in the host country are under‐researched. The article addresses this critical gap by investigating international graduates' employment experiences and outcomes. It is derived from a study that includes 50 in‐depth interviews with employers, graduates and related stakeholders, and a survey with 1156 international graduates from 35 Australian universities . The study widens the lens of the discourse around international student graduates operating in a labour market which is overgeneralised by high‐skilled and low/unskilled segments. It shows that international graduates engage with a complex labour market which can see them work in or out of their professional disciplines in multiple forms of full‐time, part‐time, and casual jobs. In particular, the findings indicate that international graduates on post‐graduation visas who studied Information and Technology are more likely to secure employment in their field of study and spend less time to gain the first job in their area of expertise than those in Business and Engineering. This finding underscores the various effects of the structural conditions in different industries on international graduates' employability. The study also provides substantial insights into the increased vulnerability, deskilling, and precarity experienced by international graduates as migrant workers on temporary visas in the host country. It highlights a concern not only for the students, who place a premium on the acquisition of work experience, but also for host institutions and key destination countries and their delivery on promise in such a competitive international education market.
Involuntary resettlement outcomes following the regeneration of informal communities: The case of Baishizhou urbanizing village in Shenzhen, China
Authors: Dai Yueer , Tong De , Chu Jun 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn recent decades developing nations have witnessed rapid urbanization with a massive inflow of rural migrants into their cities, creating large areas of informal settlements. However, city administrators have begun the regeneration of informal settlements resulting in gentrification and the involuntary resettlement of the informal settlement residents. Although a great deal of research has been conducted on regeneration projects, little is known about the resettlement outcomes of those removed. Therefore, it is essential to explore the spatial effect of urban regeneration and the relocation pathways of the forcibly removed tenants. This study examined the heterogeneity of residential relocation brought about by urban regeneration. With a support vector machine model applied under the proposed classification framework, six relocation patterns were identified in Baishizhou urban regeneration area, in Shenzhen, China. By analysing the variations in changes in housing security, neighbourhood and accessibility, the heterogeneity of relocation pathways revealed the relocation preference of different groups and the vulnerability of the residents. While the urban landscape's aesthetic quality may benefit from regeneration, the quality of life of many of those removed was shown to decrease. The results call for more social inclusion and sustainable urban regeneration, with efficient and targeted policy needing to be designed to protect the housing wellbeing of this vulnerable group.
Stay or leave: How migrants respond to dispersal policies in Beijing
Authors: Liu Tao , Peng Rongxi , Cao Guangzhong 
Published: August 2022

AbstractRapid population influx has caused various urban problems in megacities of the global South, which has encouraged some governments to take measures for controlling population growth. As one of the most populous cities and the capital of China, Beijing has recently proposed a series of policy instruments to disperse migrants and prevent population congestion. This study examines the effectiveness of these dispersal policies by answering two specific questions: who left Beijing as a response to what policies, and how policy effects interact with personal willingness. A national survey in 2017 and its follow‐up in 2018 are used for empirical analysis. Results indicate that compared with educational and housing policies, industrial relocation guidelines have more direct effects on impelling migrants to leave Beijing. Those employed in sectors deviating from core functions of the capital are particularly vulnerable to policy shocks. Moreover, a substantial mismatch is observed between the intention and action of migrants to stay in the city, indicating a degree of forced migration in the policy implementation that the policymakers not originally intended. This mismatch and its potential damage to free migration call for more people‐oriented and provulnerable approaches in future urban governance in China and other rapidly urbanizing societies.
Robot‐assisted modified radical hysterectomy with removal of lymphatic vessel using indocyanine green: A new method
Authors: Tanaka Tomohito , Nishie Ruri , Ueda Shoko , Hashida Sousuke , Miyamoto Shunsuke , Terada Shinichi , Kogata Yuhei , Taniguchi Kohei , Komura Kazumasa , Ohmichi Masahide 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe sentinel lymph node (SLN) procedures using indocyanine green (ICG) have recently been performed worldwide. The aim of this study was to emphasise the safety of robot‐assisted modified radical hysterectomy (RAMRH) with removal of the lymphatic vessels (RLV) using ICG in endometrial cancer according to a single surgeon's experience.MethodsRobot‐assisted modified radical hysterectomy with RLV using ICG was performed in patients with endometrial cancer. We compared 34 cases of RAMRH with RLV, with 54 patients without RLV.ResultsThe median (interquartile range) time for the procedure did not differ between the RAMRH with and without RLV groups (88 [80–114] vs. 88 [79–104] min, p = 0.7). The success rate of RLV was 100% when SLNs were detected.ConclusionRobot‐assisted modified radical hysterectomy with RLV using ICG can completely dissect tissue from the uterus, including lymphatic vessels. This procedure using a robotic system with ICG, is simple and does not require additional time.
Adaptive fixed‐time dynamic surface fault‐tolerant control of nonlinear systems with sensor faults
Authors: Li Yingsen , Chen Ming , Peng Kaixiang 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis article focuses on the problem of adaptive fixed‐time dynamic surface fault‐tolerant control for a class of strict‐feedback nonlinear systems subject to sensor faults. The sensor faults include bias, drift, loss of accuracy and loss of effectiveness. Our control objective is to construct an adaptive fixed‐time fault‐tolerant controller to ensure that the system output tracks a desired trajectory within fixed time and the tracking error converges to a small area of zero whether the sensor faults occur or what kind of sensor faults take place. One of the characteristics of our proposed scheme is that its tracking time has no connection with the initial conditions of the system. Furthermore, as for unknown nonlinear functions, fuzzy logic systems are utilized to approximate them. And the complex calculation problem, which exists in the traditional backstepping method, has been dealt with by using the dynamic surface control technique. The proposed controller takes into account the reliability, rapidity, robustness and anti‐interference of the system simultaneously, and the singularity problem in controller design is solved. In the end, the simulation results illustrate that the presented strategy is feasible and effective.
Selective‐Epitaxial Hybrid of Tripartite Semiconducting Sulfides for Enhanced Solar‐to‐Hydrogen Conversion
Authors: Ou‐Yang He , Xu Hou‐Ming , Zhang Xiao‐Long , Liu Yu‐Qing , He Yu‐Qing , Shi Lei , Gu Chao , Han Shi‐Kui 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe design and synthesis of advanced semiconductors is crucial for the full utilization of solar energy. Herein, colloidal selective‐epitaxial hybrid of tripartite semiconducting sulfides CuInS2Cd(In)SMoS2 heteronanostructures (HNs) via lateral‐ and vertical‐epitaxial growths, followed by cation exchange reactions, are reported. The lateral‐epitaxial CuInS2 and Cd(In)S enable effective visible to near‐infrared (NIR) solar spectrum absorption, and the vertical‐epitaxial ultrathin MoS2 offer sufficient edge sulfur sites for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Furthermore, the integrated structures exhibit unique epitaxial‐staggered type II band alignments for continuous charge separation. They achieve the H2 evolution rate up to 8 mmol h−1 g−1, which is ≈35 times higher than bare CdS and show no deactivation after long‐term cycling, representing one of the most efficient and robust noble‐metal‐free photocatalysts. This design principle and transformation protocol open a new way for creating all‐in‐one multifunctional catalysts in a predictable manner.