bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The pallet-loading problem solution with the use of heuristic algorithms
Authors: Burduk A , Balashov A , Lapczyńska D , Musial K 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The paper focuses on solving the problems of scheduling and delivery problems using heuristic algorithms. The planning of delivery schedule and truck loading made by employees may not be optimal in terms of time and costs, which might lead to delays and excessive expenses. Such leads to a necessity of optimization these delivery problems with heuristic algorithms. As a solution of these problems was analysed a type of heuristic algorithm - Tabu Search. The goals of this work were to examine the possibility of applying this algorithm to improve the efficiency of the delivery service in general and to organize the pallets layout during delivery in particular. To validate and verify the effectiveness of the methodology, this work was carried out in cooperation with an enterprise that distributes cabinet furniture. The main task of delivery system in this case study was to determine the pallets organization in the luggage boot of a truck in a way of optimal correlation with a route. Based on the optimization results, it can be established that the reviewed method might be considered as satisfactorily successful. By comparing the optimized route and pallet layout with the one obtained by empirical and intuitive methods of route and organization, the former obtained a shorter delivery time, and consequently reduced logistics costs. This work demonstrate that heuristic algorithms can be used to find a solution close to optimal in a relatively short period of time and are acceptable from a practical point of view.
Model of non-conforming product feature as a tool for selecting product groups with the greatest impact on quality in production processes
Authors: Lampika L , Burduk A , Machado J 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The article describes four stages of building a model based on a set of non-conforming products, and then verifies them on a practical example of implementation in a company from the automotive industry. The aim of the model is to support the analysis of quality problems in manufacturing companies. The first stage consists in defining the level at which the model will be built in the organizational structure. The second stage is to define the characteristics of non-conforming products. The third stage is to determine the possible values of each feature and grouping non-conforming products into sets of feature values. The fourth step is to define all parts of the common sets feature values. The model was checked at the level of the aluminium wheel production plant, where 7 features of non-conforming products were defined. The production data obtained from the model were described and interpreted. Possible ways of using the model of non-conforming product features by both technologists and management staff were shown.
Extreme hitting probabilities for diffusion*
Authors: Linn Samantha , Lawley Sean D 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
A variety of systems in physics, chemistry, biology, and psychology are modeled in terms of diffusing ‘searchers’ looking for ‘targets’. Examples range from gene regulation, to cell sensing, to human decision-making. A commonly studied statistic in these models is the so-called hitting probability for each target, which is the probability that a given single searcher finds that particular target. However, the decisive event in many systems is not the arrival of a given single searcher to a target, but rather the arrival of the fastest searcher to a target out of many searchers. In this paper, we study the probability that the fastest diffusive searcher hits a given target in the many searcher limit, which we call the extreme hitting probability. We first prove an upper bound for the decay of the probability that the searcher finds a target other than the closest target. This upper bound applies in very general settings and depends only on the relative distances to the targets. Furthermore, we find the exact asymptotics of the extreme hitting probabilities in terms of the short-time distribution of when a single searcher hits a target. These results show that the fastest searcher always hits the closest target in the many searcher limit. While this fact is intuitive in light of recent results on the time it takes the fastest searcher to find a target, our results give rigorous, quantitative estimates for the extreme hitting probabilities. We illustrate our results in several examples and numerical solutions.
Characterization of Chia seed oil methyl ester as an alternate fuel for diesel engine
Authors: Manjunath S , Hedge Ramakrishna N 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The present world is questing for low carbon fuel, which can replace diesel and biodiesels are one such promising fuel. In this study, the feasibility of Chia seed oil as a blended bio-diesel for use as partial replacement to Diesel is evaluated through transesterification process. 10 grams of dried, moisture free Chia seeds were subject to transesterification process using methanol as a replacement alcohol. NaOH was used as a catalyst. The resulting mixture was stirred for one hour at 700 rpm, maintaining 70°C. The methyl ester was separated after one hour settling period and washed several times using distilled water at 100°C and dried at 70 °C and stored. Impurities were removed by Decalcification process that resulted in 80% yield. Characterization of the oil was used different blends from B05 - B25 in an incremental steps five percent by volume with diesel. Major fluid and thermodynamic properties like viscosity, density, specific gravity, etc. were extracted as per the ASTM prescribed standards. The results show that the flash and fire points of Chia seed oil are respectively 2.96 times and 2.57 times higher compared to Diesel, while the kinematic viscosity and density are comparable but 6.88% and 5.2% higher. Further investigation shows that biodiesel blend B20 could be a second fuel for diesel engine.
An overview of Lithium-Ion batteries for electric mobility and energy storage applications
Authors: Sankaran Ganesh , Venkatesan S. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The battery is the key source of green energy for vehicle movement or powering residential / industrial buildings. The increase in energy demand requires larger battery capacity and energy density to meet power requirements in mobility and stationary energy storage applications such as in emergency power backup, solar power storage, portable power packs, etc., In recent years, the technology used in batteries has improved beyond expectations, mainly due to various cell chemistry. It is essential to understand the basic design and cost challenges in battery design, selection, cell chemistry advancements and on-going research areas in battery cell development. The study uses a detailed literature review, technical comparison of various cell chemistries & applications and identification of key design parameters using technical data comparison. The study reveals that Lithium batteries have an advantage over other cell chemistries due to its specific energy density, cost, scale of production in mobility and energy storage applications.
Numerical analysis using SolTrace software to determine the size and position of a central receiver for ganged heliostat system
Authors: Jadhav Lalit , Gadiya Prem , Girnar Jwalandhar , Bhusal Harshvardhan , Gadhe Prakash 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Concentrated solar power (CSP) technology has become a promising technique for harnessing the sun’s energy. Ganged heliostat system, also called as central receiver system (CRS), a type of CSP system that uses a field of radially distributed heliostats (mirrors), which track the position of the sun in two axes and focus the sunlight on the centrally placed receiver. Heliostats are used to concentrate solar rays on the receiver, producing a huge amount of energy which can later get converted into electricity or heat. The receiver is kept at a sufficient height to absorb maximum reflected rays. In the present work, a numerical analysis method is used to optimize receiver design parameters such as receiver size, its position in horizontal and vertical planes, and to predict the heat flux intensity at the receiver surface. However, there is no direct method to decide these parameters and often results in a loss of time while optimizing them. In this research paper, a simple methodology has been proposed to design a central receiver for CRS consisting of ganged heliostat system using SolTrace 3.1.0 software. This method is effective in determining the size, the position of the receiver and heat flux distribution at the receiver surface in the initial phase of receiver system design.
Energy Saving Effort for Residential Buildings in the Hot and Humid Climate: A Review on Ventilation Performance Requirements
Authors: Nurjannah A , Trihamdani A R 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Most Southeast Asian countries have been facing a rapid growth of urbanizations. This greatly affects the increasing demands of housings as well as energy consumption in the building sector, particularly due to the space cooling to achieve indoor thermal comfort. On the other hand, the hybrid cooling strategy has shown a promising potential in energy saving through the combination of mechanical and natural ventilation. Nevertheless, such strategy has not been optimally implemented in the current residential buildings. This study carried out a review on energy-saving related standards and guidelines in several Southeast Asian countries, especially on the requirements for ventilation performance. In addition, this study also carried out Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) simulation to investigate the ventilation performance of the existing apartment in Indonesia. In general, most of the countries’ existing standards have not properly accommodated the energy-saving potential through natural ventilation. Moreover, the simulation results show that the indoor air speed and air change rate in the existing apartment are still below the required standards, mostly due to a lack of ventilation strategies in the building design: e.g., selection of opening configuration and window type. Hence, in order to optimize the energy-saving effort, the current standards and guidelines should provide sufficient information and requirement related to the ventilation performance.
Resilience Principle Aspects of Urban Kampung Ledok Timoho Yogyakarta.
Authors: Damanik Imelda Irmawati 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Ledok Timoho is one of urban kampung that lays along Gadjahwong riverbank-Yogyakarta city. Urban Kampung is a significant urban area to be studied because it contains the adaptation process of urban people in Indonesian context. Ledok Timoho also has that significant value and has tended to be stable since the beginning, developed as an informal settlement in the 2000s. Visually, the general condition of urban kampung expressed on Ledok Timoho such as high density, limited space, and growth in disaster-prone sites. On the other hand, Ledok Timoho also expresses the ability to organize its environment with green spaces. This uniqueness demonstrates the capacity to survive and to adapt their planning on their site. However, the site is not included in KOTAKU program, so the society could not submit any proposals to improve their living environment because they settled on abandoned private property. Therefore, they should find an alternative approach to prove that Ledok Timoho has significance in values for urban kampung Yogyakarta. The local genius of Ledok Timoho is naturally discovered and applied by the community, which means that there is resilience value that should be explored by a measurable method. The research will use a questionnaire with open-ended, close-ended, and Likert scale questions to collect data from the community. The data will be abstracted with the SPSS program, using Principle Component Analysis to measure and generate the genetic distance and the relation between aspects and variables of the questionnaire. The PCA result will be used as workshop material with inhabitants to structure the rationale reason of Ledok Timoho’s resilience. The result of the study is a set of resilience principles that generally can be used broadly in the urban kampung context. It also can be an alternative reason to attract government attention so that the community has an alternative solution for their settlements by proven the resilience that seen from their ability to keep their independence, environment, social cohesion, and micro-financial.
Evaluation of Readiness in the Development of Residential Areas in Banda Aceh as a Low-Carbon Model City
Authors: Soelaiman T M A , Paramitasari A U , Koerniawan M D , Victoryka N , Santoso A , Poerbo H W , Kartidjo W 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Since the establishment of the Low-Carbon Model Town (LCMT) Task Force in 2010, many projects have been conducted by Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC), and one of them was held in Banda Aceh, Indonesia. In 2017, a Feasibility Study as a dissemination program of LCMT APEC was carried out in Banda Aceh, one of the volunteer towns proposed by the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resource because of the readiness of the city government to develop the city. Banda Aceh government has committed to be an energy conscious and greenest city in Indonesia by 2034, with several policies and action plans made, although the low carbon concept was not explicitly explained and stated. However, there are several findings from the feasibility study conducted that indicated a difference between the readiness of Banda Aceh city government and its community, especially the residential buildings users. This study is conducted to find out whether the government’s efforts and vision to implement the low carbon concept are in line with the awareness or knowledge possessed by local residents. Three steps were carried out as the methodology of this study, including literature study from APEC Low-Carbon Town Indicator (LCT-I), secondary data analysis from programs, policies and action plans prepared by city government, and survey through questionnaire to the local residents in four locations. The result then examines the readiness of the people in Banda Aceh and later on determines which LCT principles are suitable for Banda Aceh city, particularly for residential areas. Based on the study, the supply is one of the concerns, as the untapped and renewable energy is still underutilized. While the government plan and social dissemination has been held through several projects/regulations, the practice of Banda Aceh’s people at home in handling the energy usage has not reflected the energy saving principles.
Characterization of a chiastolite-type andalusite: structure and physicochemical properties related to mullite transformation
Authors: Mouiya Mossaab , Arib Abdelhak , Taha Yassine , Tamraoui Youssef , Hakkou Rachid , Alami Jones , Huger Marc , Tessier-Doyen Nicolas 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Chiastolite-type andalusite, whose genesis occurred in the currently unexploited deposit of Sidi Bou Othman (Morocco), has been extensively characterized. The phase composition, microstructure, thermal behavior, sinterability, and evolution of the crystallographic structure associated with the transformation of andalusite to mullite were accurately analyzed. Parallelepiped-shaped crystal grains exhibited off-white X crosses, typical of the chiastolite group. The chemical composition is closely dependent on the crystal size and proportion of alumina. The crystal structure was successfully refined using XRD, and chemical analysis was performed for different crystal sizes up to 30 mm. Powder compacts were prepared from these chiastolites for further characterization after various thermal treatments. According to the Rietveld refinement analysis, the mullization ranges from 1200 to about 1500 °C, and crystallographic parameters have been compared with other andalusites reported in literature. In agreement with this phase transformation, variations related to different material properties such as thermal expansion, pore volume fraction, and mechanical strength were evaluated. These results highlight the potential for further exploitation of the Sidi Bou Othman deposit to produce refractory materials.
Graphene oxide incorporated polyether sulfone nanocomposite antifouling ultrafiltration membranes with enhanced hydrophilicity
Authors: Salim Amber , Abbas Muhammad Asad , Khan Imran Ahmad , Khan Muhammad Zafar , Javaid Farhan , Mushtaq Shehla , Batool Mehwish , Yasir Muhammad , Khan Asim Laeeq , Khan Asad U , Deen Kashif Mairaj , Ahmad Nasir M 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In this study, the polyether sulfone (PES) based membranes containing various concentrations of graphene oxide (GO), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), and polyethylene glycol (PEG) were synthesized via the phase immersion method. This study aims to evaluate the effect of GO addition on the structural properties and performance of the membranes. The membranes were analyzed by x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The FTIR-ATR spectra indicated the presence of hydroxyl and carboxylic acid groups on the surface of GO-incorporated membranes, which improved their dispersion in the polymeric matrix and hydrophilicity. The SEM analysis of the GO-containing PES membranes confirmed the formation of a well-defined finger-like porous structure presenting adequate water flux (95 l.m–2.h–1) and salt rejection (72%) compared to the pristine PES membranes (46 l.m–2.h–1 and ∼35%, respectively). In addition, the significantly large wettability and considerably improved antibacterial characteristic (against S. aureus and E. coli strains) of the GO-PES membranes are considered impressive features.
Quantification of trophic interactions in the Norwegian Sea pelagic food-web over multiple decades
Authors: Planque Benjamin , Favreau Aurélien , Husson Bérengère , Mousing Erik Askov , Hansen Cecilie , Broms Cecilie , Lindstrøm Ulf , Sivel Elliot 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
While ecosystem-based fisheries management calls for explicit accounting for interactions between exploited populations and their environment, moving from single species to ecosystem-level assessment is a significant challenge. For many ecologically significant groups, data may be lacking, collected at inappropriate scales or be highly uncertain. In this study, we aim to reconstruct trophic interactions in the Norwegian Sea pelagic food-web during the last three decades. For this purpose, we develop a food-web assessment model constrained by existing observations and knowledge. The model is based on inverse modelling and is designed to handle input observations and knowledge that are uncertain. We analyse if the reconstructed food-web dynamics are supportive of top-down or bottom-up controls on zooplankton and small pelagic fish and of competition for resources between the three small pelagic species. Despite high uncertainties in the reconstructed dynamics, the model results highlight that interannual variations in the biomass of copepods, krill, amphipods, herring, and blue whiting can primarily be explained by changes in their consumption rather than by predation and fishing. For mackerel, variations in biomass cannot be unambiguously attributed to either consumption or predation and fishing. The model results provide no support for top-down control on planktonic prey biomass and little support for the hypothesised competition for resources between the three small pelagic species, despite partially overlapping diets. This suggests that the lack of explicit accounting for trophic interactions between the three pelagic species likely have had little impact on the robustness of past stock assessments and management in the Norwegian Sea.
Length Unstable Pediatric Tibial Shaft Fracture Treated With Cerclage Augmented Elastic Intramedullary Nails: A Novel Technique
Authors: Miles Daniel T. , Scheinberg Mila , Quigley Robert S. 
Published: July 2022

Introduction:
Tibial shaft fractures are common injuries in the pediatric population that can reliably be treated with conservative treatment. However, unstable tibial shaft fractures in the pediatric population have limited operative treatment options because the skeletal immaturity of these patients makes rigid intramedullary devices contraindicated in this population, and external fixation strategies are associated with a high complication rates. Elastic nailing with cerclage is a minimally invasive, and relatively soft tissue sparing technique that can decrease wide dissection and periosteal stripping associated with plating. However, treating long oblique length unstable femur fractures with elastic nails has been shown yield good result; EIN in length unstable tibia shaft fractures with elastic nails has not been explored.

Materials and Methods:
Review of 2 patients receiving novel cerclage augmented elastic nailing technique.

Results:
Patients included had complete follow-up to fracture union, had no surgical complications postoperatively, and no failure of fixation. Patients achieved full range of motion and strength compared with the contralateral uninjured limb. Both patients returned to preinjury activity levels with no limitations.

Discussion:
We present a novel technique using elastic nails in unstable long oblique tibia fractures with a cerclage augment. This can expand EIN indications to provide a load-sharing construct with relative stability to length unstable tibia fractures that EIN use would typically be contraindicated. This in turn affords the benefits of EIN such as reliable fracture healing, excellent functional and cosmetic results with a safe and reproducible surgical technique.
Characterization of Platelet Biologic Markers in the Early Pathogenesis of Postoperative Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Authors: Yadav Hemang , Meade Laurie A. , Carter Rickey E. , Knutson Keith , Gajic Ognjen , Kor Daryl J. 
Published: July 2022

IMPORTANCE:
Animal models and limited human studies have suggested a plausible role for platelets in the pathogenesis and resolution of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). However, there are little data regarding the role of platelets in ARDS development.

OBJECTIVES:
The objective of this study was to characterize the role of platelets in a postoperative ARDS model through an analysis of two platelet-specific biologic markers: thromboxane A2 (TxA2) and soluble CD-40-ligand (sCD40L).

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS:
This was a nested case-control study of ARDS cases matched to non-ARDS controls. Blood samples were collected from a cohort of 500 patients undergoing thoracic, aortic vascular, or cardiac surgery that placed them at high-risk of developing postoperative ARDS.

MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES:
TxA2 and sCD40L were analyzed at baseline (prior to surgical incision) as well as 2 hours and 6 hours after the key intraoperative events believed to be associated with increased risk of postoperative ARDS.

RESULTS:
Of 500 patients enrolled, 20 ARDS cases were matched 1:2 to non-ARDS controls based on age, sex, surgical procedure, and surgical lung injury prediction score. Those who developed ARDS had longer surgeries, greater fluid administration, and higher peak inspiratory pressures. There were no significant differences in levels of TxA2 or sCD40L at baseline, at 2 hours, or at 6 hours. There was also no difference in the change in biomarker concentration between baseline and 2 hours or baseline and 6 hours.

CONCLUSIONS:
Two novel platelet-associated biologic markers (TxA2 and sCD40L) were not elevated in patients who developed ARDS in a postoperative ARDS model. Although limited by the relatively small study size, these results do not support a clear role for platelets in the early pathogenesis of postoperative ARDS.