bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A PILOT STUDY on the Clinical and Functional Outcomes of an Improvised Technique of Core-cut Fistulectomy for Fistula-in-ano
Authors: Parwez Masoom , Huda Tanweerul , Yadav Moorat S. , Gupta Kamal , Mital Kushal , Pandya Bharati 
Published: March 2022

Background Anal fistulae are difficult to treat entities and minimally invasive procedures are evolving with promises. Our improvised technique is a simple and easy day-care procedure for simple fistulae. Aim To evaluate the outcomes of a technical modification in the procedure of core-cut fistulectomy in simple cryptoglandular fistula-in-ano. Methods 47 patients of fistula-in-ano presenting to the out-patient of the General Surgery department at All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, from November 2018 to March 2020 were selected. A complete history, physical examination followed by relevant investigations were meticulously performed and recorded. They were operated using an improvised core-cut technique, under a pudendal nerve block. Patients were kept on follow-up for a minimum of 6 months period to note the outcome of the surgery. Results The mean age was 37 ± 13.17 years with a male: female ratio of 5.1:1. The most common clinical presentation was perianal discharge in 96% of patients followed by pain and pruritus ani in 45% and 32%, respectively. 93.62% were inter-sphincteric, and 6.38% were trans-sphincteric. Extra-sphincteric and supra-levator fistulae were excluded from the study. The mean operative time was 17 ± 10.19 minutes. The mean healing time was 19.21 ± 5.99 days. The success rate of this novel technique of core-cut was calculated to be 89.37%. The rate of recurrence was calculated to be 10.63% (5 out of 47 patients). None of our patients developed incontinence. Conclusion Our pilot study results for simple fistulae-in-ano had less morbidity, postoperative pain, better wound healing, patient satisfaction, and compliance with low risk of recurrence, and no incontinence. It could hence be recommended for larger groups and more complicated fistulae in the future.
Safety and effectiveness of gemcitabine for the treatment of classic Kaposi’s sarcoma without visceral involvement
Authors: Badalamenti Giuseppe , Incorvaia Lorena , Algeri Laura , Bonasera Annalisa , Dimino Alessandra , Scalia Raimondo , Cucinella Alessandra , Madonia Giorgio , Pomi Federica Li , Galvano Antonio , Gristina Valerio , Toia Francesca , Cordova Adriana , Bazan Viviana , Russo Antonio 
Published: March 2022

Background: Classic Kaposi’s sarcoma (CKS) is a rare, multifocal, endothelial cell neoplasm that typically occurs in elderly people with previous infection by human herpes virus-8. Prospective trials are rare, and the choice of drugs relies on prospective trials performed on HIV-associated Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS). Pegylated liposomal anthracyclines and taxanes are considered the standard first- and second-line chemotherapy, respectively. Despite the indolent biologic behavior, the natural history is characterized by recurrent disease. This condition of chronic administration of cytotoxic drugs is often associated with immediate/long-term adverse events. Methods: This was an observational, retrospective study to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of gemcitabine in patients with CKS. From January 2016 to September 2021, the patients were treated with gemcitabine 1000 mg/m2 on days 1 and 8, with cycles repeated every 21 days. The treatment was administered as first or second line. Results: Twenty-seven (27) patients were included in the study. Twenty-one (21) out 27 patients (77.8%) achieved a partial response (PR), including 8 patients with major response (MR) (29.6%) and 13 patients with minor response (mR) (48.2%); 2 (7.4%) showed a complete response (CR), 3 (11.1%) a stable disease (SD), and 1 (3.7%) a progressive disease (PD). Tumor responses were generally rapid, with a median time to first response of 4 weeks (range, 3–12 weeks). Patients who responded had disease improvement with flattening of the skin lesions, decrease in the number of lesions, and substantial reduction in tumor-associated complications. Median duration of response was 19.2 months. Common adverse events were grades 1/2 thrombocytopenia, and grade 1 noninfectious fever. No patient discontinued treatment as a result of adverse events. Conclusion: Our study showed that gemcitabine is effective and well tolerated, acts rapidly on cutaneous lesions, and allows substantial symptom palliation, without dose-limiting toxicity. Gemcitabine represents a safe and effective option for the treatment of CKS.
Topical heparin as an effective and safe treatment for patients with capecitabine-induced hand-foot syndrome: results of a phase IIA trial supported by proteomic profiling of skin biopsies
Authors: Rodríguez-Garzotto Analia , Iglesias-Docampo Lara , Díaz-García C. Vanesa , Ruppen Isabel , Ximénez-Embún Pilar , Gómez Carlos , Rodríguez-Peralto J. Luis , de Frutos Javier Ortiz , Lopez-Martin Jose A. , Grávalos Cristina , Cortés-Funes Hernán , Agulló-Ortuño M. Teresa 
Published: March 2022

Background: Hand-foot syndrome (HFS) is a common adverse reaction associated with capecitabine chemotherapy that significantly affects the quality of life of patients. This study evaluates the safety and effectiveness of a topical heparin (TH) treatment on the clinical manifestations and anatomopathological alterations of capecitabine-induced HFS. In addition, we performed proteome profiling of skin biopsies obtained from patients with HFS at baseline and after heparin treatment. Methods: Patients with grade ⩽ 2 HFS associated with capecitabine were included in this study. The primary end point was the effectiveness of TH in reducing HFS of any grade. Clinical improvement was evaluated by clinicians, and an improvement was perceived by patients who performed a weekly visual analog scale questionnaire. Secondary end points included a comparative histological analysis and protein expression in skin biopsies at baseline and after 3 weeks of HT treatment. Proteomic profiling was carried out using quantitative isobaric labelling and subsequently validated by a T-array. Results: Twenty-one patients were included in the study. The median TH treatment time was 7.6 weeks (range = 3.6–41.6 weeks), and the median response time was 3.01 weeks (95% CI = 2.15–3.97). At the end of treatment, 19 of 21 patients (90.48%) responded to treatment with a decrease in one or more grades of HFS. None of the patients experienced adverse effects related to TH usage, nor did they suspend chemotherapy treatment. The main findings observed in skin biopsies after treatment were a decrease in hyperkeratosis and lymphocytic infiltrates. The proteomic analysis showed altered expression of 34 proteins that were mainly related to wound healing, cell growth, and the immune response. Conclusion: Based on our results, topical heparin is an effective and safe treatment for clinical manifestations of HFS, probably due to the restauration of skin homeostasis after heparin treatment, as supported by our proteomics-derived data. Trial registration: EudraCT 2009-018171-13
Timing of Surgery for Hip Fracture in Patients on Direct Oral Anti-coagulants: A Population-Based Cohort Study
Authors: Goh En Lin , Chidambaram Swathikan , Rai Suprabha , Kannan Angela , Anand Sambandam 
Published: March 2022

Background In patients with hip fracture on direct oral anti-coagulants (DOACs), timely surgery is important in optimising outcomes but the safety of early surgery is unclear. This study aims to evaluate the timing of surgery on peri- and post-operative outcomes in patients with hip fracture on DOAC therapy. Methods Single-centre, retrospective, population-based cohort study of patients on DOAC therapy compared to standard care with low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) undergoing surgery for hip fracture. Data obtained: patient demographics, fracture classification, American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) classification, time to surgery, procedure performed, type of DOAC, timing of last DOAC dose, use of reversal agents or pro-coagulants and length of stay. Outcomes assessed: pre- and post-operative haemoglobin levels, incidence of blood transfusion, major haemorrhage, venous thromboembolism (VTE) and death within 30 days of surgery. Results A total of 755 patients were included. Compared to standard treatment, DOAC use was associated with a similar change in pre- and post-operative haemoglobin levels ( P = .90), risk of blood transfusion (RR: 1.04, 95% CI: .70–1.54, P = .84), haemorrhage (RR: 1.51, 95% CI: .53-4.28, P = .44), VTE (RR: .92, 95% CI: .12–7.20, P = .94) and mortality (RR: 1.85, 95% CI: .89–3.84, P = .10), all of which were independent of the timing of surgery. Conclusion This study builds on growing evidence that surgery for hip fracture in patients on DOAC therapy is not associated with an excessive risk of haemorrhage, irrespective of the timing of surgery. Timely surgical fixation of the hip fracture in this population is indicated in the absence of other risk factors for haemorrhage.
Lacunar infarction aggravates the cognitive deficit in the elderly with white matter lesion
Authors: Hu Wenjun , Guo Xing , Du Yifeng 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Cerebral white matter lesion (WML) and lacunar infarction (LI) were primary causes of cognitive deficit. Our study aimed to investigate the correlation between LI and cognitive deficit in the elderly with WML. A total of 118 participants (96 WML patients and 22 controls) were consecutively enrolled according to neuroimaging diagnosis of magnetic resonance imaging for this retrospective study. Neuroimaging evaluation and cognitive function assessment were analyzed. Compared with the controls, moderate and severe WML groups had significantly lower scores of Mini-mental State Examination (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA). Most cognitive domains of MOCA scores decreased, corresponding to the severity of WMLs. While there was no significant difference in score of MMSE between deep WML (DWML) and periventricular WML (PVL) groups, the scores of visuospatial/executive and naming function domains of MOCA appeared to be low in the DWML group. The scores of MMSE and MOCA were higher in only WMLs (WML−) group than WMLs combined with LIs (WML+) group, except for the naming cognitive domain. Moreover, LIs were independently correlated with the cognitive deficit in the elderly with WMLs. In the elderly with WMLs, the presence of LIs is associated with further aggravation of cognitive deficit.
Hydroxysafflor yellow A improved retinopathy via Nrf2/HO-1 pathway in rats
Authors: Sun Zhihui , Wang Yuanyuan , Xu Rui , Zhang Shitong , Yang Hongtao , Song Jingjing , Chang Tao 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe aim of the study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of hydroxysaff yellow A (HSYA) on diabetic retinopathy (DR). For this, a total of 27 rats were randomly divided into normal control, model, and HSYA groups. The body weight, blood glucose, and blood–retinal barrier damage of the rats were observed and compared. The pathological change of retinal tissue were measured using H&E staining. The apoptosis of retinal tissue ganglion cells was detected by TUNEL. The interleukin (IL)-1β and tumor necrosis fator (TNF)-α levels were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The level of malondialdehyde (MDA) was detected using thiobarbituric acid method. Superoxide dismutase levels were detected using xanthine oxidase method; Nrf2 and total HO-1 protein expressions were detected using western blot assay; Bcl-2 and P53 protein expression was measured using immunohistochemical staining. The body weight and retinal damage of the HYSA group were significantly improved (p< 0.01, respectively). The apoptosis index of the HYSA group was lower than the model group (p< 0.001). The IL-1β, TNF-α, and MDA levels of the HYSA group were significantly improved in comparison with those of the model group (p< 0.01, respectively). The Nrf-2, HO-1, Bcl-2, and P53 protein expression of HYSA group was significantly improved (p< 0.001, respectively). In conclusion, HYSA can effectively alleviate the apoptosis of retinal ganglion cells in type 2 diabetic rats and improve the progression of DR.
Study on Die Shoulder Patterning Method (DSPM) to Minimise Springback of U-Bending
Authors: Baharuddin Nurul Jannah , A.R. Abdul Manaf  , A.S. Jamaludin  
Published: March 2022

U-bending is increasingly used in the sheet metal industry such as car door pillars. However, springback phenomenon always tends to occur after removing sheet metal from the fixtures and resulting in changing product effectiveness, wasting material as well as increasing manufacturing costs. Thus, minimizing springback in the bending of sheet metal is vital to maintain close geometric tolerances in the deformed part. Many researchers have done investigated and predicted the springback occurrence by experiments and simulations. Neverthessly, there is no actual study on the die shoulder patterning method (DSPM) to reduce springback of hat-shaped parts. In this paper, the hat-shaped part is deformed using the new developed forming method and have been experimented with as well as validated using three-way Anova and graphical analysis. As expected, DSPM dominates the springback sensitivity, with higher contact area reducing the springback of hat-shaped parts. For AISI 1030 of pattern 2, springback is dramatically reduced as the sliding stress between the die shoulder and surface of the blank is optimized.
An Analysis of Emissions from An Ethanol Flex-Fuel Vehicle under Two Distinct Driving Cycle Tests during Cold Start
Authors: W. Songkitti  , T. Aroonsrisopon  , Wirojsakunchai E. 
Published: March 2022

Ethanol flex-fuel vehicles are introduced to Thailand’s market and believed that they provide an alternative way in terms of reducing crude oil and octane booster import. Many literatures suggested that they also helped to reduce some emission species including the greenhouse gas. However, sufficient proof of this flex-fuel vehicle comparing the conventional versus realistic driving cycle tests during cold starts is not clearly identified. This research focuses on the comparison of performance, fuel consumption, and emissions of a flex-fuel vehicle using Gasohol E10, E50, and E85 tested under the New European Driving Cycle (NEDC) and Bangkok Driving Cycle (BDC). Tests were done on a Chassis Dynamometer in the Automotive Emission Laboratory of the Pollution Control Department. Considering emission data from both test cycles, the more ethanol ratios in gasoline, the more CO, NMHC, NOx, CO2 and PN emissions reductions. On the contrary, HC emissions are increased but still under EURO4 standards. Fuel consumptions on E85 are increased around 30% compared to E10 for both test cycles. However, the pattern of driving cycles significantly impacts the amounts of CO/NOx emissions and fuel consumption. During cold start periods, regardless of percentages of ethanol blends, the amounts of HC and CO emissions for both test cycles are similar due to running engine in rich conditions by ECU management to warm three-way catalyst. On the contrary, NOx emissions are strongly related to frequent acceleration and deceleration sequences of the tested driving cycle.
Saf internet bankalarının finansal analizi: Güney Kore (Kakao Bank, K Bank) ve İngiltere (Atom Bank, Monzo Bank) tecrübesi
Authors: Öcal Hüseyin 
Published: March 2022

Bu çalışmanın amacı Türkiye’de henüz uygulaması bulunmayan Güney Kore ve İngiltere’de faaliyet gösteren öncü saf internet bankalarının oran analizi yöntemiyle finansal performanslarını ölçmektir. Önümüzdeki dönemde Türkiye’de de saf internet bankalarının faaliyet göstermesi kuvvetle muhtemeldir. Bu çalışmanın hem düzenleyici kurumlara hem de bu iş modelini tercih eden bankalara ışık tutması hedeflenmektedir. Güney Kore bankaları Kakao Bank ve K Bank 2018-2020 yıllık malî verileri FSS (Financial Supervisory Service) Financial Statistics Information System ‘inden, İngiltere’nin bankaları Atom Bank ve Monzo Bank’ın 2018-2020 arası yıllık malî verileri ise ilgili bankaların yıllık finansal raporlarından alınmıştır. Kakao Bank, kârlılık, gelir/gider dengesi ve ölçek ekonomisinden faydalanma açılarından konumuz diğer saf internet bankalarına örnek bir modeldir. Kakao Bank faaliyete geçtikten iki yıl sonra ölçek ekonomisinden yararlanarak kâra geçmeyi başarmıştır. K Bank, Atom Bank ve Monzo Bank’ın faaliyet giderlerinin yüksekliği ve yeterli aktif büyüklüğüne erişememiş olmalar yaşadıkları temel zorluklar olarak görülmektedir. Diğer bir deyişle faaliyet giderlerini karşılayacak faaliyet geliri yaratamamaktadırlar. Bu bankalar aktiflerini kârlı bir şekilde büyüttüğü ve faaliyet giderlerini düşürdüğü ölçüde hedeflediği kârlılığa erişebilecektir. Monzo Bank’ın net faiz dışı gelirlerini arttırma yöntemleri ise diğer saf internet bankalarına örnek olabilecek kadar başarılı bulunmuştur.
Malaria risk and receptivity: Continuing development of insecticide resistance in the major malaria vector Anopheles arabiensis in northern KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Authors: Munhenga Givemore , Oliver Shüné V. , Lobb Leanne N. , Mazarire Theresa T. , Sekgele Windy , Mashatola Thabo , Mabaso Nondumiso , Dlamini Dumsani M. , Zulu Malibongwe , Moletsane Fortunate , Letinić Blaženka D. , Zawada Jacek , Burke Ashley , Dahan-Moss Yael , Matamba Avhatakali , Kaiser Maria , Brooke Basil D. 
Published: March 2022

Malaria incidence in South Africa is highest in the three endemic provinces: KwaZulu-Natal, Mpumalanga and Limpopo. The contribution to malaria transmission by several mosquito species, variation in their resting behaviours and low levels of insecticide resistance makes it necessary to periodically monitor Anopheles species assemblages and resistance phenotypes in vector populations. The aim of this study was therefore to assess Anopheles species assemblage in northern KwaZulu-Natal and to collect insecticide susceptibility data for An. arabiensis, the primary vector of malaria in that province. Anopheles specimens were collected from Mamfene, Jozini, northern KwaZulu-Natal from November 2019 to April 2021. Progeny of wild-collected An. arabiensis females were used for standard insecticide susceptibility tests and synergist bioassays. Anopheles arabiensis contributed 85.6% (n=11 062) of the total catches. Samples for subsequent insecticide susceptibility bioassays were selected from 212 An. arabiensis families. These showed low-level resistance to DDT, permethrin, deltamethrin, and bendiocarb, as well as full susceptibility to pirimiphos-methyl. Synergist bioassays using piperonyl butoxide and triphenyl phosphate suggest oxygenase-based pyrethroid and esterase-mediated sequestration of bendiocarb. These low levels of resistance are unlikely to be operationally significant at present. It is concluded that northern KwaZulu-Natal Province remains receptive to malaria transmission despite ongoing control and elimination interventions. This is due to the perennial presence of the major vector An. arabiensis and other secondary vector species. The continued detection of low-frequency insecticide resistance phenotypes in An. arabiensis is cause for concern and requires periodic monitoring for changes in resistance frequency and intensity.
Significance:

Insecticide resistance in the major malaria vector Anophelesarabiensis in northern KwaZulu-Natal Province is cause for concern in terms of resistance management and ongoing vector control leading toward malaria elimination.
Despite ongoing control interventions, northern KwaZulu-Natal remains receptive to malaria owing to the perennial presence of several Anophelesvector species.
Modern methods of remote monitoring and rehabilitation of patients with cardiovascular diseases
Authors: Lyapina I. N. , Zvereva T. N. , Pomeshkina S. A. 
Published: March 2022

Highlights. The review summarizes the latest achievements in the field of remote patient monitoring, highlights the main advantages and limitations of modern methods of remote monitoring and rehabilitation of patients with cardiovascular diseases.Abstract. Devices for remote health monitoring and rehabilitation that use modern telemedicine technologies are becoming more and more widespread in cardiovascular disease management. Modern technologies are affordable and reliable assistants for healthcare professionals, they assist in monitoring patients “at home”, early detection of adverse events, and timely notification of the need for medical help. The review summarizes the latest achievements in the field of remote patient monitoring for ambulatory management, diagnostics, dynamic monitoring, and cardiac rehabilitation of patients with cardiovascular diseases. The main advantages and limitations of remote patient monitoring technologies are presented, and methods for the implementation of these technologies are discussed.
Controversial issues of type 2 myocardial infarction patients management
Authors: Kinash V. I. , Vorobev A. S. , Urvantseva I. A. , Kovalenko L. V. , Kashtalap V. V. 
Published: March 2022

Highlights. The article presents relevant literary data on the epidemiology, main causes, approaches to the diagnostics and treatment of type 2 myocardial infarction patients. The authors emphasize an unfavorable prognosis in these patients due to comorbidity that leads to development of myocardial infarction. They highlight the need to improve and unify approaches to identifying this phenomenon, as well as the necessity to conduct observational and randomized studies to evaluate approaches to the treatment of type 2 myocardial infarction patients.Abstract. The article summarizes the available data from clinical trials and current guidelines, approaches to the definition and type 2 myocardial infarction (MI) differential diagnosis in clinical practice. The attention is focused on the fundamental difference between type 1 and type 2 MI and the need to consider the comorbidities for the identification of etiological factors type 2 MI development. The lack of evidencebased medical data regarding the prognosis and effective treatment of patients with type 2 MI is emphasized. Nevertheless, such patients are characterized with high rates of overall and cardiovascular mortality in hospital and long-term disease course, as well as a high rate of readmission. Thus, there is the need for multicenter observational studies of type 2 MI patients and the development of algorithms for treatment and rehabilitation of this category of patients.
Obstructive sleep apnea and atrial fibrillation: a bidirectional relationship
Authors: Evlampieva L. G. , Kharats V. E. , Yaroslavskaya E. I. 
Published: March 2022

Highlights. The data regarding the relationship between obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and atrial fibrillation were analyzed.Abstract. The review article presents current data on the relationship between obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and atrial fibrillation. The spread of these pathological processes increases with age and is associated with a significant risk of cardiovascular complications. In this regard, this review seems to be quite relevant. Possible pathophysiological mechanisms influencing the relationship between obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and atrial fibrillation are discussed. The role of CPAP therapy - Continuous Positive Airway Pressure in the prevention and treatment of atrial fibrillation is highlighted.