bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlation of internal jugular vein, common carotid artery, femoral artery and femoral vein diameters with central venous pressure
Authors: Bayraktar Muhammet , Kaçmaz Mustafa 
Published: October 2022

Background:
This study aimed to detect the correlation of central venous pressure (CVP) with the internal jugular vein (IJV), common carotid artery (CCA), femoral vein (FV), and femoral artery (FA) diameters measured with ultrasound (USG) in patients under mechanical ventilation to evaluate whether they are suitable to be used as an alternative low-cost and noninvasive method for the detection of CVP.

Methods:
A total of 40 patients aged from 18 to 90 who had been receiving therapy in the intensive care unit (ICU) were included in the study. Central venous catheter was placed into the patients through right IJV or subclavian vein in their first 24-hour of hospitalization and the right atrium pressure (RAP) was measured from the catheter, the tip of which was confirmed to reach right atrium. In the same session, CCA, IJV, FA, and FV diameters were measured with USG and their correlations with CVP were calculated. In addition, correlations of the measured venous and artery diameters between each other were detected as well.

Results:
There was a significantly high correlation between CVP and CCA diameter (R = 0.603, P < .000). There was a significantly low correlation between CVP and IJV diameter (R = 0.352, P = .026), a significantly low correlation between FA and FV diameters (R = 0.317, P = .047), a significantly low correlation between FA and CCA diameters (R = 0.330, P = .038), and a significantly low correlation between IJV and CCA diameters (R = 0.364, P = .020).

Conclusion:
CVP and CCA diameters exhibited a high correlation. For detection of CVP, the ultrasonographic CCA diameter measurement can be used as an alternative noninvasive method which is easy to use and minimally affected by measurement errors of individuals and which has low learning curve compared with the other measurement methods.
Clinical study of Wuwei Fuzheng Yijing formula in the treatment of sperm DNA damage in male infertility: A study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Li Ninghua , Zhang Chenming , Wang Zulong , Zhang Qi , Chen Rubing , Hua Zhong , Zhao Shizhong , Shen Huiyuan , Chang Guifeng , Wan Wenxi 
Published: October 2022

Background:
The incidence of male infertility is increasing in recent years, and the semen routine examination of some patients is normal, but the semen pathological examination shows that the sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI) is high, and the patients’ clinical manifestations are infertility or recurrent abortion of their spouses. At present, there is no special treatment for male infertility caused by high DFI, and traditional Chinese medicine compound prescription shows potential value in the treatment of male infertility. Wuwei Fuzheng Yijing formula (WFY) is an effective prescription for the treatment of sperm DNA damage in male infertility, but there is no strict clinical trial to support its application. Therefore, we designed a randomized controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of WFY in patients with sperm DNA damage in male infertility.

Methods:
In this randomized controlled study, 100 patients who met the inclusion criteria were randomly divided into WFY group and levocarnitine oral solution group. The treatment period was 12 weeks. The main observation index was sperm DFI, and the secondary observation index was sperm concentration, motility, survival rate, and TCM syndrome score. Safety observation indicators will include electrocardiogram, blood tests (including blood routine tests, liver and renal function), routine urine tests, and routine stool tests. All results were evaluated at the 4th and 8th week of the baseline, and the end of treatment.

Discussion:
This study will provide a basis for the efficacy and safety of WFY in the treatment of sperm DNA damage in male infertility with spleen and kidney qi deficiency and blood stasis.
Relationship between osteoporosis and Cushing syndrome based on bioinformatics
Authors: Wang Ding , Dang Chun-Xiao , Hao Ying-Xin , Yu Xiao , Liu Peng-Fei , Li Jin-Song 
Published: October 2022

Background:
Many clinical studies have reported a relatively high incidence of osteoporosis and fragility fractures in patients with Cushing syndrome (CS). However, few papers have investigated osteoporosis and CS in terms of pathogenesis, so this study explores the association between the 2 and predicts upstream micro-ribonucleic acids (miRNAs) through bioinformatics, which provides potential targets for simultaneous pharmacological interventions in both diseases and also provides a basis for pathological screening.

Methods:
We used Genecards, Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man and Therapeutic Target Database databases to screen the targets of osteoporosis and Cushing syndrome; import target genes to Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery for Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis; the intersecting genes were uploaded to Search Tool for the Retrieval of Genes and Genomes database to construct protein–protein interaction network; Cytoscape software was used to screen core genes, and Molecular Complex Detection module was used to analyze cluster modules; finally, the NetworkAnalyst data platform was used to predict the miRNAs that interact with core genes.

Results:
The core genes of osteoporosis and Cushing syndrome were insulin, tumor necrosis factor, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), interleukin-6, insulin-like growth factor 1, etc. A total of 340 upstream miRNAs including hsa-let-7a-5p, hsa-mir-30a-5p and hsa-mir-125b-5p were predicted. The biological processes involved include regulating the transcription of ribonucleic acid polymerase II promoter and participating in the transduction of cytokine signaling pathways, which focus on the binding of nerve system ligand, JAK-STAT signaling pathway, Rap1 signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, etc.

Conclusion:
Osteoporosis and Cushing syndrome are closely related in terms of targets and molecular mechanisms. In this study, bioinformatics methods were used to identify their targets and mechanisms, providing potential targets for drug simultaneous regulation of the 2 diseases, and providing a new direction for exploring the relationship between diseases.
Single balloon enteroscopy-guided endoscopic retrograde pancreatography for the treatment of a symptomatic pancreatic pseudocyst complicated by pancreaticojejunostomy stricture: A case report
Authors: Cho Eunae , Park Chang-Hwan , Cho Seo Yeon 
Published: October 2022

Rationale:
Endoscopic treatment of a pancreatic pseudocyst complicated by pancreaticojejunostomy (PJ) stricture is challenging.

Patient concerns:
A 76-year-old woman presented with worsening abdominal pain and dyspepsia. She had been receiving adjuvant chemotherapy (capecitabine and cisplatin) for 4 months after pylorus-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy (PPPD) for the treatment of extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.

Diagnoses:
Laboratory findings included elevated serum amylase (145 U/L) and lipase (437 U/L) levels. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) showed a pancreatic pseudocyst of approximately 3 cm in size and pancreatic duct dilatation in the remnant pancreas. According to the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors, cholangiocarcinoma is a stable disease.

Interventions and outcomes:
Endoscopic drainage of the pancreatic pseudocyst was planned. Single-balloon enteroscopy (SBE)-guided endoscopic retrograde pancreatography (ERP) with endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) using a mini probe demonstrated a membranous PJ stricture and a pancreatic pseudocyst. Endoscopic pseudocyst drainage using a 7-Fr plastic stent was successfully performed after needle-knife incision of the PJ stricture. Follow-up abdominal CT after 3 weeks showed complete resolution of the pseudocyst. Chemotherapy was resumed.

Lessons:
SBE-guided ERP with EUS using a mini probe may be an effective and safe treatment in a patient with a pancreatic pseudocyst complicated by membranous PJ stricture after PPPD.
Whole exome sequencing combined with dynamic ultrasound assessments for fetal skeletal dysplasias: 4 case reports
Authors: Wang Li , Li Ruiqi , Zhai Jingfang , Zhang Bei , Wu Jiebin , Pang Libo , Liu Ying 
Published: October 2022

Rationale:
Fetal skeletal anomalies are one of the most common and potentially pathogenic developmental abnormalities detected by ultrasound screening. Any suspected fetal skeletal dysplasias often require further comprehensive evaluations.

Patient concerns:
Here 4 families with adverse fetal skeletal system histories were enrolled, including their histories of gestation, childbirth, familial skeletal abnormalities, and pregnancy outcomes. The corresponding diagnosis were done by whole exome sequencing (WES) combined with dynamic examination.

Diagnosis:
All of the families were definitively diagnosed through cytogenetics, molecular genetics, ultrasound, combined with multidisciplinary evaluation. Both of the fetuses in case 1 and case 2 were diagnosed with thanatophoric dysplasia type I, while the neonate in case 3 was diagnosed with Apert syndrome and a 3-years-old proband daughter with Crouzon syndrome in case 4.

Interventions:
We conducted karyotyping, copy number variation sequencing (CNV-seq), combined with WES to evaluate genetic conditions of abnormal fetus, neonate or proband patient. WES was preferred to obtain a relatively definitive diagnosis.

Outcomes:
In cases 1 and 2, the families decided to choose termination of pregnancy due to fatal dysplasias. The couple in case 3, delivered a female baby diagnosed with Apert syndrome. Fortunately, in case 4, the family, which had a 3-years-old baby with Crouzon syndrome, gave birth to a healthy baby through prenatal diagnosis.

Lessons subsections:
Invasive prenatal diagnosis and dynamic assessments for the management of fetal skeletal dysplasias could contribute to revealing possible causes of fetal skeletal abnormalities and help clinicians conduct further genetic counseling in clinical practice.
Exploring novel independent prognostic biomarkers for hepatocellular carcinoma based on TCGA and GEO databases
Authors: Hou Miaomiao 
Published: October 2022

Background:
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has become the fifth most common cancer globally, with the second-highest mortality rate and poor survival outcomes. In our research, we aimed to use The Cancer Genome Atlas and gene expression omnibus databases to identify potential genetic biomarkers to predict and improve the survival rate of HCC patients.

Methods:
In GSE60502, GSE76427, and GSE84402, we performed differential expression analysis to obtain differentially expressed genes (DEGs). In the The Cancer Genome Atlas database, the FPKM expression profile was subjected to weighted gene co-expression analysis to obtain modules closely related to HCC. We received common genes by intersecting the genes in the module with the differential genes. Then, we fused the common genes’ expression profiles, survival time, and survival status for univariate, Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator, and multivariate COX regression analysis to obtain prognostic genes. Predictive genes were performed in K–M survival analysis and combined with clinical data for independent predictive analysis.

Results:
After differential expression analysis, GSE60502 obtained 1107 DEGs, GSE76427 obtained 424 DEGs, and GSE84402 obtained 1668 DEGs. Through weighted gene co-expression analysis analysis, we can see that the blue and brown modules were closely associated with HCC. After single and multivariate COX regression analysis, we found that suppressor of cytokine signaling 2 (SOCS2) and SERPINF2 were independent prognostic genes for HCC. After survival analysis, HCC patients with high expression of SOCS2 and SERPINF2 had a longer survival time. These 2 genes in normal liver tissues were higher than in HCC at the transcriptional level.

Conclusion:
SOCS2 and SERPINF2 were new independent prognostic genes of HCC. So, they may provide new treatment methods and measures for diagnosing HCC.
Invasive treatment of persistent postoperative chylothorax secondary to thoracic duct variation injury: Two case reports and literature review
Authors: Yang Qiwei , Bai Xu , Bao Han , Li Yukang , Men Wanfu , Lv Ling , Liu Zhenghua , Han Xiangjun , Li Wenya 
Published: October 2022

Rationale:
Postoperative chylothorax is a rare complication after pulmonary resection. Thoracic duct variations may play a key role in postoperative chylothorax occurrence and make treatment difficult. No studies in the literature have reported the successful treatment of chylothorax second to thoracic duct variation by lipiodol-based lymphangiography.

Patient concerns:
A 63-year-old male and a 28-year-old female with primary lung adenocarcinoma were treated by video-assisted thoracoscopic cancer resection, and suffered postoperative chylothorax. Conservative treatment was ineffective, including nil per os, persistent thoracic drainage, fatty food restriction, and somatostatin administration.

Diagnosis:
Postoperative chylothorax.

Interventions:
Patients received lipiodol-based lymphangiography under fluoroscopic guidance. Iatrogenic injuries were identified at thoracic duct variations, including an additional channel in case 1 and the lymphatic plexus instead of the thoracic duct in case 2.

Outcomes:
Thoracic duct variations were identified by lipiodol-based lymphangiography, and postoperative chylothorax was successfully treated by lipiodol embolizing effect.

Lessons:
Thoracic duct variations should be considered after the failure of conservative treatment for postoperative chylothorax secondary to pulmonary resection. Lipiodol-based lymphangiography is valuable for identifying the thoracic duct variations and embolizing chylous leakage.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of risk factors for intensive care unit acquired weakness
Authors: Yang Zi , Wang Xiaohui , Wang Faying , Peng Zeyu , Fan Yuying 
Published: October 2022

Background:
The aim of this meta-analysis is to systematically evaluate and summarize the risk factors of intensive care unit acquired weakness (ICU-AW), to provide evidence-based evidence for the formulation of prevention strategies for ICU-AW.

Methods:
PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, CBM (China Biology Medicine, China), Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese WANFANG, and VIP will be searched to define relevant risk factors for ICU-AW. The databases search period is from January 1, 2005 to August 13, 2021. The Newcastle Ottawa Scale (NOS) is used to evaluate the quality of the included studies. RevMan 5.3 analysis software will be used for meta-analysis.

Results:
This systematic review and meta-analysis included a total of 12 cohort studies, including 9 international journals and 3 Chinese journals, with a total of 1950 patients, of which 856 had ICU-AW. The results showed that the significant risk factors for ICU-AW included female (odds ratio [OR] = 1.34, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.06–1.71; P = .02), mechanical ventilation days (OR = 3.04, 95% CI: 1.82–4.26; P < .00001), age (OR = 6.33, 95% CI: 5.05–7.61; P < .00001), length of intensive care unit (ICU) stay (OR = 3.78, 95% CI: 2.06–5.51; P < .0001), infectious disease (OR = 1.67, 95% CI: 1.20–2.33; P = .002), renal replacement therapy (OR = 1.59, 95% CI: 1.11–2.28; P = .01), use of aminoglucoside drugs (OR = 2.51, 95% CI: 1.54–4.08; P = .0002), sepsis related organ failure assessment (SOFA) score (OR = 1.07, 95% CI: 0.24–1.90; P = .01), hyperglycemia (OR = 2.95, 95% CI: 1.70-5.11; P = .0001).

Conclusion:
This meta-analysis provides comprehensive evidence-based on the assessment of the risk factors for ICU-AW, their multifactorial etiology was confirmed. This study indicated that female, mechanical ventilation days, age, length of ICU stay, infectious disease, renal replacement therapy, use of aminoglucoside drugs, SOFA score, and hyperglycemia are independent risk factors for ICU-AW. We have not found consistent evidence that corticosteroids, neuromuscular blockers, sepsis have any effect on ICU-AW risk.
Hemodynamic derangement associated with tension pneumomediastinum during minimally invasive esophagectomy: A case report
Authors: Lee Jeong Eun , Kim Myeong Jin 
Published: October 2022

Rationale:
Surgery is the treatment of choice for esophageal cancer. Since the 1990s, minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE) has been developed using videoscope. Although MIE lowers mortality by reducing postoperative complications, the risk of carbon dioxide (CO2) insufflation related complications still exists.

Patient concerns:
A 56-years-old male patient underwent elective MIE. The patient (body mass index, 15 kg/m2) had well-controlled hypertension, cardiomegaly, and severe emphysematous lungs. He had iatrogenic pneumothorax during central venous catheterization 3 weeks prior; however, the pneumothorax was resolved before surgery.

Diagnosis:
During thoracoscopic surgery, respiratory acidosis was not corrected despite rapid respiratory rate and positive end-expiratory pressure. Intrathoracic CO2 pressure was lowered from 12 to 8 mm Hg, and laparoscopic surgery was performed through the diaphragm in the reverse Trendelenburg position. In 15 minutes at this position, pulseless electrical activity with respiratory failure and high peak inspiratory pressure developed.

Interventions:
CO2 insufflation was stopped and drained as soon as hypotension developed. The patient was placed in the supine neutral position, and cardiopulmonary circulation was restored without further treatment.

Outcomes:
After the pneumomediastinum event, surgery was successfully performed. Respiratory acidosis due to CO2 insufflation was not corrected during surgery and the patient was transferred to intensive care unit without extubation. After 14 days, the patient was discharged without cardiopulmonary complications. However, the patient expired 2 years later due to cardiovascular disease.

Lessons:
In MIE, there is always a risk of catastrophic tension pneumomediastinum along with intravascular volume depletion, surgical position, and ventilatory strategy depending on the surgical characteristics.
The efficacy of acupuncture with Lingguibafa acupoint selection in the treatment of insomnia: A PRISMA-compliant meta-analysis
Authors: Ji Haiyang , Zhang Ke , Lu Yunqiong , Kong Xiehe , Ma Xiaopeng 
Published: October 2022

Background:
As a major public health problem, insomnia has garnered much attention. Acupuncture, with dialectical acupoint selection (DAS), has been proved to be effective for insomnia, but there is no evidence of evidence-based medicine to prove the efficacy of Lingguibafa acupoint selection (LAS) for insomnia. This study is to evaluate the clinical efficacy of acupuncture with LAS in patient with insomnia.

Methods:
The PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Weipu Database for Chinese Technical Periodicals, Chinese Biomedical Database, and Wanfang Database were systematically searched from the inception dates to December 18, 2021. Randomized controlled trials of acupuncture with LAS versus acupuncture with DAS or acupuncture with LAS plus DAS versus acupuncture with DAS in patient with insomnia were included. Two review authors independently performed the data extraction and assessed study quality. A meta-analysis was performed using random-effects models to calculate relative risk and weighted mean difference for categorical and continuous variables, respectively. The primary efficacy outcome was improvement on Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Secondary outcomes included insomnia severity index, Epworth sleepiness scale, Hamilton anxiety scale, Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD), and total effective rate.

Results:
A total of 7 trials with 468 patients fulfilled the selection criteria. The pooled results indicated that acupuncture with LAS plus DAS could reduce PSQI score by 2.08 (1.60 after excluding heterogeneity) compared to acupuncture with DAS. Acupuncture with LAS plus DAS had high reliability in sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep time and daytime function, but showed no significant effect on sleep disorder and hypnotic drug. For total effective rate, acupuncture with LAS plus DAS or acupuncture with LAS was better than acupuncture with DAS, but the conclusion was less credible.

Conclusion:
Acupuncture with LAS is significantly associated with improvements in several sleep parameters, primarily evident on the PSQI score. Nevertheless, considering the poor methodological quality, trials employing appropriate randomization concealment and blinding based on a larger sample size are needed in the future.
Nonsurgical treatment for asymptomatic pancreatolithiasis is meaning: A case report
Authors: Yamamoto Satoshi , Inui Kazuo , Katano Yoshiaki , Miyoshi Hironao , Kobayashi Takashi , Tachi Yoshihiko , Hattori Masashi 
Published: October 2022

Background:
Many guidelines for nonsurgical treatment of pancreatolithiasis suggest little guidance for patients with pancreatolithiasis who do not have abdominal pain. Some patients with pancreatolithiasis whom we have treated nonsurgically with extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy did not have abdominal pain, and we describe one of them here.

Methods and Results:
A 42-year-old man complaining of an 8-kg weight loss over 6 months was admitted to a nearby hospital, where fasting blood sugar and hemoglobin A1c values were 500 mg/dL and 11.8%. Computed tomography showed stones in the head of the pancreas and dilation of the main pancreatic duct. He was referred to our hospital to be considered for nonsurgical treatment of pancreatolithiasis. His height and weight were 160 cm and 52 kg (body mass index, 20.31). No tenderness or other abdominal findings were evident. After obtaining informed consent for nonsurgical treatment despite absence of abdominal pain, we performed extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy. Computed tomography showed disappearance of stones from the pancreatic head. At discharge, his weight had increased to 62 kg and hemoglobin A1c was 6.8%, though antidiabetic medication has since become necessary.

Conclusion:
We believe that nonsurgical treatment of pancreatolithiasis was helpful for this patient, and could improve exocrine and endocrine function in other patients without abdominal pain.