bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biotite supports long-range diffusive transport in dissolution–precipitation creep in halite through small porosity fluctuations
Authors: Schwichtenberg Berit , Fusseis Florian , Butler Ian B. , Andò Edward 
Published: January 2022

Abstract. Phyllosilicates are generally regarded to have a reinforcing effect on chemical compaction by dissolution–precipitation creep (DPC) and thereby
influence the evolution of hydraulic rock properties relevant to groundwater resources and geological repositories as well as fossil fuel
reservoirs. We conducted oedometric compaction experiments on layered NaCl–biotite samples to test this assumption. In particular, we aim to analyse
slow chemical compaction processes in the presence of biotite on the grain scale and determine the effects of chemical and mechanical feedbacks. We
used time-resolved (4-D) microtomographic data to capture the dynamic evolution of the porosity in layered NaCl–NaCl/biotite samples over 1619 and
1932 h of compaction. Percolation analysis in combination with advanced digital volume correlation techniques showed that biotite grains influence
the dynamic evolution of porosity in the sample by promoting a reduction of porosity in their vicinity. However, the lack of preferential strain
localisation around phyllosilicates and a homogeneous distribution of axial shortening across the sample suggests that the porosity reduction is not
achieved by pore collapse but by the precipitation of NaCl sourced from outside the NaCl–biotite layer. Our observations invite a renewed discussion
of the effect of phyllosilicates on DPC, with a particular emphasis on the length scales of the processes involved. We propose that, in our
experiments, the diffusive transport processes invoked in classical theoretical models of DPC are complemented by chemo-mechanical feedbacks that
arise on longer length scales. These feedbacks drive NaCl diffusion from the marginal pure NaCl layers into the central NaCl–biotite mixture over
distances of several hundred micrometres and several grain diameters. Such a mechanism was first postulated by Merino et al. (1983).
Para salvar la desmemoria: Lucía Victoria Bacardí, precursora de la escultura en Santiago de Cuba.
Authors: Fleitas Monnar María Teresa 
Published: January 2022

El artículo valora la significación de la escultora Lucía Victoria Bacardí Cape dentro del arte cubano. Analiza el repertorio iconográfico de piezas ubicadas en el museo Emilio Bacardí Moreau de Santiago de Cuba. Se aborda su figura como creadora en un contexto cultural que la convierte en una artista excepcional en Cuba. Expone la estatura artística de una creadora prácticamente ignorada por la literatura y por el público. En un primer momento se examinan sus etapas de formación artística, en correspondencia con el contexto socio-histórico y cultural que generó su creación. A continuación se ofrece una valoración del conjunto creativo de la artista mediante el análisis de su valor estético, la identificación de sus principales referentes artísticos y el lugar que ocupa esta mujer dentro del panorama de la escultura cubana. Estudiar su obra es reconocer su personalidad artística y humana transgresora, al dedicarse a un arte que había estado vedado a la mujer y en el que ella sobresalió.
Kebijakan Program Kartu Prakerja Dalam Mengurangi Pengangguran Di Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Pamungkas Nikmatul Choyroh 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRAK Pandemi covid-19 berdampak pada perekonomian di Indonesia dari karyawan dirumahkan, PHK dan pengurangan pendapatan bagi mereka yang bekerja. Permasalahn tersebut membuat tingkat pengangguran semakin tinggi daripada tahun sebelumnya, maka pemerintah secara cepat membuat kebijakan untuk mengurangi tingkat pengangguran di Indonesia. Kebijakan tersebut adalah program kartu prakerja yang difokuskan kepada mereka yang telah kehilangan pekerjaan atau pengurangan penghasilan selama masa pandemi covid-19 ini. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui bagaimana kebijakan program kartu prakerja memperdayakan masyarakat untuk mengurangi pengangguran. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode literatur review dimana sumber dari beberapa jurnal dan data yang di olah menjadi deskriptif. Dalam artikel ini juga menghasilkan bahwa kebijakan program kartu prakerja mebantu memberikan intensi bagi peserta yang lolos dan dapat mengikuti pelatihan yang disediakan sesuai dengan keadaan saat ini. Pelatihan tersebut diharapkan dapat membantu membangun perekonomian karena pelatihan tersebut dapat membuka lapangan pekerjaan bagi mereka yang mengikuti program kartu pra kerja yang di sediakan pemerintah. Kata kunci : Kebijakan, program prakerja, pengangguran abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has had an impact on the economy in Indonesia from employees being laid off, layoffs, and reduced income for those who work. This problem made the unemployment rate higher than the previous year, so the government quickly made policies to reduce the unemployment rate in Indonesia. The policy is a pre-employment card program that is focused on those who have lost their jobs or reduced their income during pandemic COVID-19. The purpose of this study is to find out how the pre-employment card program policy empowers the community to reduce unemployment. This study uses a literature review method were sources from several journals and data are processed to be descriptive. This article showing that the pre-employment card program policy helps provide intentions for participants who pass and can take part in the training provided according to current conditions. The training expected to help build the economy because the training can create job opportunities for those who take part in the pre-employment card program provided by the government. Keywords: Policy, pre-employment program, unemployment
Normative acts in the system of national tax security provision
Authors: Maslov K. V. 
Published: January 2022

The subject. The article characterizes the role of Russian Constitution, federal laws and bylaws in ensuring tax security.The purpose of the article is to identify legal norms that ensure the tax security of the state, and to confirm the hypothesis that such norms hat such norms are effective in systemic interaction.The methodology. The author uses methods of system analysis of scientific papers devoted to the provision of various types of security. Formal logical and legal interpretation of Russian regulatory legal acts is used also.The main results. Regulatory documents in the field of tax security can be classified into: the Constitution of the Russian Federation at the highest level; program documents (conventions, strategies, charters, concepts, programs, doctrines, standards, directives) as acts of the first level, the legislation of the Russian Federation and its constituent entities is at the second level; departmental regulatory legal acts are at the third level. The law on security should be an act of direct action that determines the content of the management activities of public authorities to ensure security by fixing its goals, principles, the most general forms and means of implementation. The basis of legal provision of tax security at the legislative level should be defined in the federal law on security as well as in the federal law "On Tax Authorities of the Russian Federation" (in intra-governmental relations context because tax authorities are the main subjects of tax administration) and in the Russian Tax Code (concerning relations between public administration bodies and private entities). Any draft legislative acts affecting issues of tax relations and economic management should be examined for compliance with national interests in the field of tax security and the effectiveness of minimizing threats. Each legislative act should take into account the implementation of the goals and principles of ensuring tax security (as well as other types of security) enshrined in the concept document. Such expertise is possible in the process of approving draft laws by the Russian Government as well as when registering relevant bylaws by the Russian Ministry of JusticeConclusions. The Russian Constitution should consolidate a unified approach to the essence of security as a whole. Legislative acts (first of all, the laws on security, on tax authorities, the Tax Code of the Russian Federation) should provide for the main directions of countering threats to tax security arising in the relevant areas of regulation. By-laws and regulations are designed to fix specific managerial ways of dealing with such threats.
The role of legal responsibility in the implementation of the principle of the unity of public authority in Russia
Authors: Malko A. V. , Lipinsky D. A. , Markunin R. S. 
Published: January 2022

The subject. The article presents a comprehensive general theoretical analysis of the institution of legal responsibility and its role, taking into account the consolidation of the new constitutional and legal principle of the unity of the system of public power.The purpose of the research is to confirm or disprove hypothesis that it is necessary to legislate a full-fledged mechanism of legal responsibility of state bodies and local self-government bodies in order to implement the constitutional principle of the unity of public power.Methodology. The formal legal method, the method of comparative legal analysis, dialectical method and systemic approach were used.The main results, scope of application. The authors found the manifestation of dualism in the work of the institution of legal responsibility. It consists in the ability to bear responsibility both to the state, in connection with various offenses, and to the population itself. A brief description of the loss of trust as a basis for the responsibility of officials is given, taking into account contemporary legislation. Directions for the further development of this legal institution are highlighted. The article examines the opinion of the Russian Constitutional Court on the legitimacy of using the loss of trust as a basis for the responsibility of public authorities. The article examines the normative legal acts, which fix the mechanism for the implementation of the principle of maintaining trust in the activities of the authorities on the part of society. For example, in relation to state civil and municipal employees, a prohibition has been established on statements about the activities of authorities and their assessment, if such actions are not included in the list of their official duties. Such a mechanism for maintaining public confidence in the work of government bodies should contribute to strengthening the unity of the public power system. At the same time we can talk about the existing trend towards a decrease in the level of public confidence in the work of authorized bodies exercising public authority. The corruption and bureaucratization of the activities of officials, the expansion of the powers of law enforcement agencies, a decrease in the independence of the political opposition are pointed to among the possible reasons most often. In this regard, the paper proposes expanding the grounds for responsibility when implementing the procedure for recalling an official.Conclusions. It is necessary to consolidate a full-fledged legislative mechanism of legal responsibility of state bodies and local self-government bodies, which will contribute to the implementation and strengthening of the new principle of the unity of public authority.
Increasing the prestige of local self-government bodies and the effectiveness of activities should begin in the process of studying at the university
Authors: Shugrina E. S. 
Published: January 2022

The subject of the research are the materials of judicial practice (texts of court decisions and information sources, the content of information about the results of court hearings), data from sociological surveys.The purpose of the article is to identify the relationship between the knowledge of municipal law, local self-government or urbanism obtained during training at a university and subsequent professional activities related to local self-government carried out at different levels of public authority.The methodology. A comprehensive methodology was used, including legal and sociological research methods. Formal legal, legal technical and comparative legal were used among the legal methods. The sociological methods include the method of expert survey and the method of content analysis, which makes it possible to reveal the real position of the respondent, if he wants to disguise it not only the positions expressed, but also the words actually used were analyzed. The most repeatable ones were identified with the help of special software products.The main results, scope of application. Quite significant amendments were made to the Russian Constitution in 2020. One of the novels concerns a unified system of public power, the inclusion of a new term in the text of the constitution. The implementation of these novels in the legislation on local self-government is expected after the completion of the formation of the updated composition of the Federal Assembly. For this, it is necessary not only to reveal the term itself and list the levels of public authority, but also to establish new principles of their relationship, incl. in a sense, uniform standards, rules and requirements for state and local authorities. One of the possible consequences of this may be an increase in the prestige of work in local self-government bodies, a change in attitudes towards work in local self-government bodies.Conclusions. The analysis of the materials of law enforcement practice, the data of opinion polls on trust in local self-government bodies, attitude to the results of the work of local self-government bodies and their officials show that of all levels of government the municipal level is least trusted. Unfortunately, such an attitude begins to form in the process of training future employees of public authorities at different levels.
Bacterial Coated Fertilizer Induced Resistance Against Wheat Stripe Rust
Authors: Riaz Hasan , Khan Zulqurnain , Shah Syed Shahid Hussain , Khurshid Muhammad Yasir , Ali Muhammad Asif 
Published: January 2022

Wheat is the second largest consumed cereal by humans after Rice and its high yield and production is very critical for ever increasing global population. The wheat crop is grown all over Pakistan and threatened by several limiting factors. Stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis, is the most destructive wheat pathogen and can reduce yield up to 70% in Pakistan. The present study aimed at exploring the role of Zabardast urea, a bacterial coated urea with zinc, in inducing resistance against wheat stripe rust. The study involved the collection and maintenance of stripe rust inoculum on Morroco cultivar which later used to inoculate seedlings of Akbar-2019 and Galaxy-2019 resistant and susceptible varieties with three different fertilizer levels viz. specialty fertilizer zabardast urea, plain urea with zinc and plain urea. The results demonstrated the positive role of bacterial coated urea with zinc and reduced the disease severity by 10% and 5% in susceptible and resistant cultivars, respectively, leaving resistant variety asymptomatic. The plain urea with zinc also decreased disease severity in susceptible variety Galaxy-2013 by 6% in comparison with plain urea treatment underlying the role of zinc in combating stripe rust. The study underlines the importance of specialty fertilizers in inducing resistance against stripe rust in wheat and needs further experimentation exploring the mechanisms involved in disease resistance under field conditions.
Prediction of Human proteins having interactions with HPV16 proteins using virus and host sequence motifs.
Authors: Malik Rabbiah Manzoor , Fazal Sahar , Abbas Syed Touqeer , Bhatti Aamer , Ullah Mukhtar , A. Kamal M. 
Published: January 2022

Background: Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection has been found to be the major cause of cancer of cervical region, in females. Genome of HPV codes for 6 functional proteins E1, E2, E4, E5, E6 and E7. These proteins play different roles in development of HPV infection and its progression towards cervical cancer. The interactions of HPV proteins with human DNA and proteins occurs in the presence of short linear peptide motifs on these proteins, have similar sequence to those found on proteins in human cells.
Methods: After identification of human motifs in HPV proteins, by use of ELM resource, their counter domains were found from PROSITE. The proteins of human proteome containing these counter domains were predicted as the proteins having possibility of interactions with HPV proteins.
Results: we predicted 9468 human proteins for having interactions with HPV proteins. Our predicted proteins were enriched with the host proteins having possibility of being interacted by HPV proteins. 10% of our predicted proteins were already reported to be affected by one or more HPV proteins. The list of predicated proteins can be utilized to find out the connectivity between the virus HPV and human host. It can also be used to determine the pathways involved in pathogenesis of HPV leading towards the cervical cancer
Conclusion: The list of predicated proteins can be utilized to find out the connectivity between the virus HPV and human host. It can also be used to determine the pathways involved in pathogenesis of HPV leading towards the cervical cancer.
Phytochemical evaluation and antioxidant activities in flower and leaves of Cassia fistula and Terminalia arjuna
Authors: Nawwal Komal , Saeed Amjad , Hussain Tanveer , Ajmal Sana , Choudry Anum , Umair Muhammad , Altaf Muhammad , Nasir Junaid , Riaz Umair , Babar Muhammad , Khan Raja Muhammad Rameez , Hamed Muhammad H. , Hassan Ahtesham ul , Khan Muhammad Asif 
Published: January 2022

Abstract: The plants Cassia fistula and Terminalia arjuna are medicinally important and produce leaves and colourful blossoms that belong to the Caesalpinioideae of the legume family and the family of Combretaceae. The antioxidant, hydrogen peroxide, and phytochemical assessment (qualitative and quantitative) of methanolic and ethanolic extracts of Cassia fistula and Terminalia arjuna flowers and leaves were investigated in this work. In qualitative phytochemical evaluation, the presence of ten different chemicals of varying degrees and classes was observed, and alkaloids, steroids, tannis, glycosides, saponins, flavonoids, and terpinoids were confirmed during qualitative screening. During quantitative analysis, the Cassia fistula L. leaves showed the highest TFC (32.783A ± 0.073) and the TPC was observed highest in Terminalia arjuna flowers (42.800A ± 0.028). The highest DPPH percentage was recorded in C. fistula flowers (21.825A ± 0.069) compared to its lowest value observed in C. fistula leaves (10.660B ± 0.053). The highest hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) scavenging activity among both plants was found in C. fistula (12.526A ± 0.146) and the lowest in its leaves (7.1470B ± 0.045). The methanolic extracts showed promising antioxidant activity. The presence of bioactive components in the leaves and flowers of Terminalia arjuna and Cassia fistula suggests that these flowers and leaves might be used as a phytochemical source and are also effective and safe as natural remedies. The biochemical analysis proved that the extracts of Cassia fistula and Terminalia arjuna plants have glycosides, flavonoids, and alkaloids that play a role in antioxidant activity.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Business and Economic Research, Vol. 11, No. 4
Authors: Young Daisy 
Published: January 2022

Business and Economic Research (BER) would like to thank the following reviewers for reviewing manuscripts from September 1, 2021, to December 1, 2021. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Many authors, regardless of whether BER publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Macrothink Publishing appreciates the following reviewers’ rigorous and conscientious efforts for this journal. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review during this period. Almir A. AlihodžićAzzam HannoonBratu (Simionescu) MihaelaGerasimos T. SoldatosHengky Sumisto HalimHui Shan LeeMohsen MohagheghNana Osei-BonsuNemer BadwanRoderikus Agus TrihatmokoRomeo Victor IonescuRoni BhowmikShyamkumar D. KalpandeYu HsingZi-Yi GuoZoran Wittine
KAZAKİSTAN’DA “MANEVİ CANLANMA”: TÜRK HALKLARININ BİRLİĞİ İDEALİ
Authors: HEKİMOĞLU Vecihi Sefa Fuat , TULEKOVA Mereke , BEKENOVA Fariza 
Published: January 2022

Sovyetler Birliği’nin 1991 yılında dağılmasının ardından bağımsızlığına kavuşan 5 Türk devletinden biri olan Kazakistan Cumhuriyeti, egemenliğinin ilk günlerinden itibaren kurucu cumhurbaşkanı Nursultan Nazarbayev’in önderliğinde ekonomik, sosyal ve kültürel alanda gelişim yolunda önemli girişimlerde bulunmuştur.
Hiç şüphe yok ki, yaklaşık 70 yıl süren Sovyet egemenliği, diğer Türk devletlerinde olduğu gibi Kazakistan’da da manevi alanda büyük yıkıma sebep olmuştu. Buna bağlı olarak Nursultan Nazarbayev, Kazak halkının tarihi köklerine yeniden dönmesi konusuna büyük önem vermiş ve Kazakistan’da Manevi Canlanma projesini uygulamaya koymuştur. Bu bağlamda, kültürün önemli unsurları olan “dil ve din” konuları üzerinde özel olarak durulmuştur. Kazak tarihinin olduğu gibi Kazak dilinin de kökenlerinin Hun ve Göktürkler dönemine kadar ulaştığı bir gerçektir. Nursultan Nazarbayev, Türk kültür tarihinin en önemli miraslarından olan Orun Kitabelerinin, Kazak Türklerinin de tarihinin bir parçası olduğunun bilincindedir. Kazakistan’da manevi canlanma programı ile Kazak toplumunun modernleşmesini amaçlayan Nursultan Nazarbayev, bu hedefe ulaşılabilmesi için ulusal bilincin de kuvvetli bir şekilde uyanmış olmasının şart olduğunu dile getirmişti. Bunun için Kazak halkının tarihinden gelen manevi değerlerin korunması gereklidir. Nursultan Nazarbayev’e göre, kökeni Hunlar ve Göktürklere kadar dayanan ve günümüzde Kazak halkının köklerinde bulunan bu erdemler yeniden canlandırılmalıdır.
Kazak yazılı kültürünün Göktürkler çağına kadar ulaştığını belirten Nursultan Nazarbayev, Manevi Canlanma ile birlikte aynı soydan gelen kardeş Türk devletleri ile iş birliğinin kurulabilmesi için dil konusunun, dolayısıyla da ortak alfabenin kaçınılmaz bir gereklilik olduğunu savunmuştur. Göktürklerin büyük devlet adamı Tonyukuk tarafından temelleri attığı düşünülen “Ebedi Ülke” fikrini yeniden canlandırmayı amaç edinmiş olan Nazarbayev, Kazak halkına; Rus, Ukraynalı ve Belarus gibi Slav soylu ulusların kullanmakta oldukları Kiril alfabesinin değil, kardeş Türk halklarının kullandığı Latin alfabesine geçmenin bir ihtiyaç olduğunu belirtmiştir.
Kazakistan Cumhuriyetinin kurucu cumhurbaşkanı Nursultan Nazarbayev, “Tarih Tolkınında / Tarihin Akışında” adlı eserinde, alfabe birliğinden öte, bağımsız Türk devletleri arasında ekonomik, sosyal ve kültürel alanlarda kurulacak olan Orta Asya Birliği’nin, bu devletlerin kültürel benzerliklerinin hakkıyla kavranması sayesinde daha da güçlü hale gelecekleri hususunda şüphe olmadığını yazmıştır.
Ἀποκάλυψις Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ (Rev. 1:1): The Climax of John’s Prophecy?
Authors: Jauhiainen Marko 
Published: January 2022

This article argues that interpreters of the book of Revelation have not paid sufficient attention to the way the introductory phrase Ἀποκάλυψις Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ) is qualified in 1:1: the ἀποκάλυψις concerns ‘what must take place soon’, as ‘shown’ to John by an angel. A critique of the traditional position is followed by an evaluation of Richard Bauckham’s proposal that ἀποκάλυψις refers to the contents of the little scroll in ch. 10. The article ends with an alternative reading of the data: the clues provided by John in 1:1 regarding the ἀποκάλυψις suggest that it is primarily found in the climax of the book, i.e., the visions of the destruction of Babylon and her replacement by the New Jerusalem (17:1-19:10; 21:9-22:9).