bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simulation of the improving effect of graphene visible‐light photocatalysis using the MIKE11 model of an urban landscape river in the Chaohu Lake Basin, China
Authors: Xiong Hongbin , Liu Tianxin , Wang Haiyun , Feng Chenxiao 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe selected the Tanchong River in Hefei as the site to test the efficacy of graphene visible‐light photocatalysis (GVLP), a new water treatment technology to improve water quality in black‐odorous rivers in urban landscapes. A model coupling the hydrodynamic force and water quality of the Tanchong River was constructed using the MIKE11 model. The numerical simulation method was used to model the concentrations of the main pollutants—chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia nitrogen (NH3–N) and total phosphorus (TP) concentrations. The simulation of water quality in the river section treated by GVLP was verified by the Tanchong River water quality improvement project experiment. The results showed that the MIKE11 model can effectively simulate the effect of GVLP technology on water quality improvement. The removal rates of the main pollutants'—COD, NH3–N, and TP by GVLP were 43.9%, 82.1%, and 76.8%, respectively, thus proving GVLP's viability as a treatment for controlling water pollution in similar black‐odorous rivers.
Responses of sperm mitochondria functionality in animals to thermal stress: The mitigating effects of dietary natural antioxidants
Authors: Abdelnour Sameh A. , Swelum Ayman A. , Sindi Ramya A. , Barkat Rasha A. , Khalifa Norhan E. , Amin Ahmed A. , El‐Raghi Ali Ali , Tufarelli Vincenzo , Losacco Caterina , Abd El‐Hack Mohamed E. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe reproductive consequences of global warming representing heat stress (HS) have been widely received more attention in the last decades. HS induced significant influence on the male reproductive cell, especially sperm functionally. Reduction in the sperm function induced by HS leads to failure of fertility potential. The main effects of HS on sperm are reducing sperm motility, increased abnormalities and changes in the fluidity of the membrane as well as cell morphology. Moreover, the destruction of mitochondrial function could be the result of adverse influences of HS. The protein contents and enzymes of mitochondria were lowered after the exposure of sperm to HS. Some natural antioxidants were used for improving sperm mitochondrial function under HS conditions. In this review, it was highlighted the potential influences of HS on sperm function through reduction in ATP Synthesis yield, mitochondrial activity, mitochondrial protein contents and mitochondrial enzymes, which involves the interference of mitochondrial remodelling in sperm of animals.
Fake news, real risks: How online discussion and sources of fact‐check influence public risk perceptions toward nuclear energy
Authors: Ho Shirley S. , Chuah Agnes S. F. , Kim Nuri , Tandoc Edson C. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis study seeks to understand how online discussion, fact‐checking, and sources of fact‐checks will influence individuals’ risk perceptions toward nuclear energy when they are exposed to fake news. Using a 2 × 3 experimental design, 320 participants were randomly assigned to one of the six experimental conditions. Results showed an interaction effect between online discussion and exposure to fact‐checking, in which online discussion lowered individuals’ risk perception toward nuclear energy when a fact‐check was unavailable. Of those who participated in the online discussion, those who viewed a fact‐check posted by traditional media have higher risk perception as compared to those who viewed a fact‐check posted by a fact‐check organization. Our findings indicate that different fact‐checking sources can have differential effects on public risk perceptions, depending on whether online discussion is involved. To curb the spread of fake news, different fact‐checking strategies will need to be deployed depending on the situation.
Why not? Explaining sympathizers' non‐participation: The example of Hong Kong's 2019 social movement
Authors: Fiedler Anna Julia , Tsang Amy Yuen‐lam , Reichert Frank 
Published: June 2022

AbstractOver the last 2 decades, youth‐led protests have increased. However, whereas youth mobilization has been widely examined, why some youth participate while others remain on the sidelines has not been adequately explored and remains not well understood. In 2019, protests against an extradition bill amendment led to unprecedented mass demonstrations, riots, and electoral turnout in Hong Kong. Young people were among the largest and most engaged participant groups during the movement. Yet even though protest action became a part of daily life on campuses, some students who sympathized with the movement did not become active supporters. This analysis examined reasons for non‐participation using survey and interview data from undergraduate students. In particular, this study analyzed possible causes for the non‐conversion of sympathizers into participants and the erosion of protest participants. Differences among students were explored based on their origin. The findings showed that non‐participation was not merely a result of the ineffective mobilization of otherwise highly sympathetic individuals. Instead, perceived (in)effectiveness, identity conflicts, and barriers played an important role in individuals' decisions not to participate in protest action. The findings further our understanding of non‐participation and are discussed with respect to students' networked participation, the processual nature and individual agency in non‐participation, and the implications for culturally diverse societies.
Authorship representation in global emergency medicine: a bibliometric analysis from 2016 to 2020
Authors: Garbern Stephanie Chow , Hyuha Gimbo , González Marqués Catalina , Baig Noor , Chan Jennifer L , Dutta Sanjukta , Gulamhussein Masuma A , López Terán Gloria Paulina , Manji Hussein Karim , Mdundo Winnie K , Moresky Rachel T , Mussa Raya Yusuph , Noste Erin E , Nyirenda Mulinda , Osei-Ampofo Maxwell , Rajeev Sindhya , Sawe Hendry R , Simbila Alphonce Nsabi , Thilakasiri M.C. Kaushila , Turgeon Nikkole , Wachira Benjamin W , Yang Rebecca S , Yussuf Amne , Zhang Raina , Zyer Alishia , Rees Chris A 
Published: June 2022

IntroductionHigh-income country (HIC) authors are disproportionately represented in authorship bylines compared with those affiliated with low and middle-income countries (LMICs) in global health research. An assessment of authorship representation in the global emergency medicine (GEM) literature is lacking but may inform equitable academic collaborations in this relatively new field.MethodsWe conducted a bibliometric analysis of original research articles reporting studies conducted in LMICs from the annual GEM Literature Review from 2016 to 2020. Data extracted included study topic, journal, study country(s) and region, country income classification, author order, country(s) of authors’ affiliations and funding sources. We compared the proportion of authors affiliated with each income bracket using Χ2analysis. We conducted logistic regression to identify factors associated with first or last authorship affiliated with the study country.ResultsThere were 14 113 authors in 1751 articles. Nearly half (45.5%) of the articles reported work conducted in lower middle-income countries (MICs), 23.6% in upper MICs, 22.5% in low-income countries (LICs). Authors affiliated with HICs were most represented (40.7%); 26.4% were affiliated with lower MICs, 17.4% with upper MICs, 10.3% with LICs and 5.1% with mixed affiliations. Among single-country studies, those without any local authors (8.7%) were most common among those conducted in LICs (14.4%). Only 31.0% of first authors and 21.3% of last authors were affiliated with LIC study countries. Studies in upper MICs (adjusted OR (aOR) 3.6, 95% CI 2.46 to 5.26) and those funded by the study country (aOR 2.94, 95% CI 2.05 to 4.20) had greater odds of having a local first author.ConclusionsThere were significant disparities in authorship representation. Authors affiliated with HICs more commonly occupied the most prominent authorship positions. Recognising and addressing power imbalances in international, collaborative emergency medicine (EM) research is warranted. Innovative methods are needed to increase funding opportunities and other support for EM researchers in LMICs, particularly in LICs.
Preferences and access to community-based HIV testing sites among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Côte d’Ivoire
Authors: Inghels Maxime , Kouassi Arsène Kra , Niangoran Serge , Bekelynck Anne , Carilon Séverine , Sika Lazare , Koné Mariatou , Danel Christine , Degrées du Loû Annabel , Larmarange Joseph 
Published: June 2022

ObjectiveMeasuring access and preferences to Men who have Sex with Men focused community-based HIV testing sites (MSM-CBTS) in Côte d’Ivoire.DesignA respondent-driven sampling telephone survey.SettingNational survey conducted in 2018 in Côte d’Ivoire.Participants518 MSM aged over 18 years old.Primary and secondary outcome measuresKnowledge, practices, satisfaction and preferences regarding MSM-CBTS. Factors associated with MSM-CTBS access or knowledge and with HIV testing venue preferences were examined.ResultsOnly half of the respondents (47%) reported knowing of an MSM-CBTS. Of these, 79% had already attended one. Both knowing of and ever visiting an MSM-CBTS were significantly associated with a higher number of HIV tests performed in the past 12 months and having disclosed sexual orientation to one family member.In terms of preferences, 37% of respondents said they preferred undifferentiated HIV testing sites (ie, ‘all patients’ HIV testing sites), 34% preferred MSM-CBTS and 29% had no preference.Those who reported being sexually attracted to women, being bisexual and those who did not know an MSM non-governmental organisation were less likely to prefer MSM-CBTS. MSM who preferred undifferentiated HIV testing sites mentioned the lack of discretion and anonymity of community-based sites and the desire to avoid the gaze of others.ConclusionCommunity-based HIV testing is well suited for MSM who identify as homosexual and those close to the MSM community, while maintaining undifferentiated HIV testing is essential for others. Both types of activities need to be maintained and developed. Healthcare professionals in undifferentiated HIV testing sites need to be properly trained in the non-judgemental reception of MSM.
Clinical outcome of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: an 11-year follow-up study
Authors: Tang Xiaoping , Shi Yanyan , Du Juan , Hu Keming , Zhou Tingting , Chen Lan , Zhang Yanming , Li Fujun , Zhang Huier , Liebe Roman , Meyer Christoph , Dooley Steven , Zhu Zhongwei , Weng Hong-Lei , Jia Jinzhu , Huang Tong 
Published: June 2022

ObjectivesTo clarify non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) prevalence, risk factors and clinical outcome in an exemplary Chinese population, a cohort of company employees was followed up for 11 years.DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingBetween 2006 and 2016 in Ning bo, China.Participants13 032 company employees.ResultsOver 11 years, the prevalence of NAFLD increased from 17.2% to 32.4% (men 20.5%–37% vs women 9.8%–22.2%). Male peak prevalence was between 40 and 60 years of age, whereas highest prevalence in women was at an age of 60 years and older. Logistic and Cox regression revealed 16 risk factors, including body mass index (BMI), albumin, white blood cell, triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein, glutamyl transpeptidase, alanine transaminase, creatinine, urea acid, glucose, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, blood sedimentation, haemoglobin, platelet and apolipoprotein B2 (p<0.05 for all factors). The area under the curve of these variables for NAFLD is 0.88. However, cause-effect analyses showed that only BMI, gender and TG directly contributed to NAFLD development. Over an 11-year follow-up period, 12.6%, 37.7% and 14.2% of male patients with NAFLD and 11.6%, 44.7% and 22.6% of female patients with NAFLD developed diabetes, hypertension and hyperuricaemia, respectively. Except one male patient who developed cirrhosis, no patients with NAFLD progressed into severe liver disease.ConclusionDiabetes, hypertension and hyperuricaemia are the main clinical outcomes of NAFLD. Eleven years of NAFLD are not sufficient to cause severe liver disease. Age and obesity are direct risk factors for NAFLD. BMI, gender and TG are three parameters directly reflecting the occurrence of NAFLD.
Protocol for faecal microbiota transplantation in irritable bowel syndrome: the MISCEAT study – a randomised, double-blind cross-over study using mixed microbiota from healthy donors
Authors: Hurych Jakub , Vejmelka Jiri , Hlinakova Lucie , Kramna Lenka , Larionov Vladyslav , Kulich Michal , Cinek Ondrej , Kohout Pavel 
Published: June 2022

IntroductionSeveral studies have demonstrated dysbiosis in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Therefore, faecal microbiota transplantation, whose effect and safety have been proven in Clostridioides difficile infections, may hold promise in other conditions, including IBS. Our study will examine the effectiveness of stool transfer with artificially increased microbial diversity in IBS treatment.Methods and analysisA three-group, double-blind,randomised, cross-over, placebo-controlled study of two pairs of gut microbiota transfer will be conducted in 99 patients with diarrhoeal or mixed type of IBS. Patients aged 18–65 will be randomised into three equally sized groups: group A will first receive two enemas of study microbiota mixture (deep-frozen stored stool microbiota mixed from eight healthy donors); after 8 weeks, they will receive two enemas with placebo (autoclaved microbiota mixture), whereas group B will first receive placebo, then microbiota mixture. Finally, group C will receive placebos only. The IBS Severity Symptom Score (IBS-SSS) questionnaires will be collected at baseline and then at weeks 3, 5, 8, 11, 13, 32. Faecal bacteriome will be profiled before and regularly after interventions using 16S rDNA next-generation sequencing. Food records, dietary questionnaires, anthropometry, bioimpedance, biochemistry and haematology workup will be obtained at study visits during the follow-up period. The primary outcome is the change in the IBS-SSS between the baseline and 4 weeks after the intervention for each patient compared with placebo. Secondary outcomes are IBS-SSS at 2 weeks after the intervention and 32 weeks compared with placebo and changes in the number of loose stools, Bristol stool scale, abdominal pain and bloating, anthropometric parameters, psychological evaluation and the gut microbiome composition.Ethics and disseminationThe study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Thomayer University Hospital, Czechia (G-18-26); study results will be published in peer-reviewed journals and presented at international conferences and patient group meetings.Trial registration numberNCT04899869.
Minimal clinical data sets for spine-related musculoskeletal disorders in primary care and outpatient settings: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Mikhail Jérémie , Hofstetter Léonie , Côté Pierre , Tricco Andrea C , Pagé Isabelle , Hincapié Cesar A 
Published: June 2022

IntroductionLack of standardised clinical data collection may lead to reduced quality in musculoskeletal (MSK)-related clinical care and research. Little is known about the availability and characteristics of minimal clinical data sets for spine-related MSK disorders in primary care and outpatient settings and their utility for improving healthcare quality. Our objective is to undertake a scoping review aiming to identify and map current literature on minimal clinical data sets for measuring and monitoring health status in patients with spine-related MSK disorders in primary and outpatient healthcare settings.Methods and analysisThe 2020 Joanna Briggs Institute methodology for scoping reviews will guide review conduct. The review will consider studies that describe and report on minimal clinical data sets for spine-related MSK disorders designed for primary care and outpatient clinical practice settings. Quantitative and qualitative study designs will be eligible, including consensus-based studies, interventional, observational, feasibility and linguistic validation studies. Studies published in English, German, French, Italian and Spanish will be included, with no limit on date of publication. MEDLINE, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Index to Chiropractic Literature, MANTIS, ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global and medRxiv preprint repository will be searched from database inception to 25 July 2021. Two reviewers will independently screen identified titles, abstracts and relevant full-text records, and then extract data using review-specific data extraction forms. Findings will be synthesised and presented as a descriptive summary using PRISMA ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews).Ethics and disseminationEthics review and approval is not required for this scoping review. Our target audience for this review will be clinicians, researchers, patients and other relevant stakeholders involved in the measurement and health status monitoring of patients with spine-related MSK disorders. Results will be shared through peer-reviewed publication and presentations at relevant conferences.Protocol registration numberhttps://osf.io/fkw5b.
Development and validation of a tool for advising primiparous women during early labour: study protocol for the GebStart Study
Authors: Grylka-Baeschlin Susanne , Gross Mechthild M , Mueller Antonia N , Pehlke-Milde Jessica 
Published: June 2022

IntroductionPregnant women experience early labour with different physical and emotional symptoms. Early admission to hospital has been found to be associated with increased intervention and caesarean section rates. However, primiparous women often contact the hospital before labour progresses because they encounter difficulties coping with symptoms of onset of labour on their own. An evidence-based instrument for assessing the individual needs to advise primiparous women during early labour is currently missing. The study aims to develop and validate a tool to inform the joint decision for or against hospital admission.Methods and analysisA scale development and validation study will be conducted including following steps: (1) Generation of a pool with 99 items based on a scoping review and focus group discussions with primiparous women, (2) Assessment of content and face validity by an expert panel and item reduction to 32 items, (3) Multicentre data collection in six study sites in Switzerland, with application of the preliminary tool and the validation items with a target sample size of approximately n=400 women and (4), item reduction using exploratory factor analysis, factor loading and item-to-item correlation. Internal consistency of the tool will be assessed using Cronbach’s alpha and convergent validity computing correlations of items of the tool with the German versions of the Childbirth Self-Efficacy Inventory and the Cambridge-Worry Scale. Analyses will be performed using Stata V.17.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval was obtained by the Ethics Committees Zurich and Northwestern and Central Switzerland (BASEC-Nr. 2021-00687). Results will be disseminated at the final study conference, at national and international congresses and by peer reviewed and not peer-reviewed articles in scientific and professional journals. Approved and anonymised data will be shared. The dissemination of the findings will have a contributable impact on clinical practice, scientific discussions and future research.Trial registration numberDRKS00025572, SNCTP000004555.
Factors involved in applicant interview selection and ranking for chronic pain medicine fellowship
Authors: Tieppo Francio Vinicius , Gill Benjamin , Hagedorn Jonathan M , Pagan Rosado Robert , Pritzlaff Scott , Furnish Timothy , Kohan Lynn , Sayed Dawood 
Published: June 2022

IntroductionApplicants to chronic pain medicine fellowship programs often express confusion regarding the importance of various selection criteria. This study sought to elucidate program directors’ considerations in applicant selection for fellowship interviews and ranking and to correlate these criteria with match statistics to provide a guide for prospective candidates.MethodsAn electronic survey was sent to all Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education-accredited chronic pain fellowship directors. The importance of various applicant characteristics were evaluated and compared with recent match data.ResultsFifty-seven program directors completed the survey. The most important factors involved in applicant interview selection were perceived commitment to the specialty, letters of recommendation from pain faculty, scholarly activities, and leadership experiences. Although completion of a pain rotation was valued highly, experience with procedures was of relatively low importance. There was no preference if rotations were completed within the responders’ department. Variability was noted when considering internal applicants or the applicant’s geographic location. When citing main factors in ranking applicants, interpersonal skills, interview impression and applicant’s fit within the institution were highly ranked by most responders.DiscussionAssessment of an applicant’s commitment to chronic pain is challenging. Most responders prioritize the applicant’s commitment to chronic pain as a specialty, scholarly activity, participation in chronic pain rotations, pain-related conferences and letters of recommendation from pain faculty. Chronic pain medicine fellowship candidates should establish a progressive pattern of genuine interest and involvement within the specialty during residency training to optimize their fellowship match potential.
Complete complementarity relations for quantum correlations in neutrino oscillations
Authors: Bittencourt V. A. S. V. , Blasone M. , De Siena S. , Matrella C. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe analyze quantum correlations and quantum coherence in neutrino oscillations. To this end, we exploit complete complementarity relations (CCR) that fully characterize the interplay between different correlations encoded in a quantum system both for pure and mixed states. We consider the CCR for neutrino oscillations both in the case of plane-waves (pure state) and of wave packets (mixed state). In this last case we find a complex structure of correlations depending on the mixing angle, and we show the connection with the non local advantage of quantum coherence, a relevant quantifier of coherence.
Excess of tau events at SND@LHC, FASER$$\nu $$ and FASER$$\nu $$2
Authors: Ansarifard Saeed , Farzan Yasaman 
Published: June 2022

AbstractDuring the run III of the LHC, the forward experiments FASER$$\nu $$
ν
and SND@LHC will be able to detect the Charged Current (CC) interactions of the high energy neutrinos of all three flavors produced at the ATLAS Interaction Point (IP). This opportunity may unravel the mysteries of the third generation leptons. We build three models that can lead to a tau excess at these detectors through the following Lepton Flavor Violating (LFV) beyond Standard Model (SM) processes: (1) $$\pi ^+ \rightarrow \mu ^+ \nu _\tau $$

π
+

→

μ
+

ν
τ

; (2) $$\pi ^+ \rightarrow \mu ^+ \bar{\nu }_\tau $$

π
+

→

μ
+

ν

¯

τ

and (3) $$\nu _e+\mathrm{nucleus}\rightarrow \tau +X$$

ν
e

+
nucleus
→
τ
+
X

. We comment on the possibility of solving the $$(g-2)_\mu $$

(
g
-
2
)

μ

anomaly and the $$\tau $$
τ
decay anomalies within these models. We study the potential of the forward experiments to discover the $$\tau $$
τ
excess or to constrain these models in case of no excess. We then compare the reach of the forward experiments with that of the previous as well as next generation experiments such as DUNE. We also discuss how the upgrade of FASER$$\nu $$
ν
can distinguish between these models by studying the energy spectrum of the tau.