bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mothers’ Economic Well-Being in Sole and Joint Physical Custody Families
Authors: Augustijn Lara 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPrevious research has repeatedly shown that separation or divorce can lead to a substantial decline in economic resources, and that it is mostly mothers who suffer from the severe economic consequences. Because it has also been established that the post-separation care arrangement that a family practices is a central factor in explaining mothers’ poor economic situations after family dissolution, this study investigated the association between physical custody arrangements (sole physical custody, asymmetric joint physical custody, and symmetric joint physical custody) and the economic well-being of 1018 residential mothers from the Family Models in Germany study. The results of the ordered logistic regression models showed that mothers in asymmetric and symmetric joint physical custody families reported higher levels of economic well-being than mothers with sole physical custody. When controlling for a set of confounders, the differences between mothers with sole physical custody and symmetric joint physical custody disappeared, which suggests that the economic advantages of mothers with symmetric joint physical custody can be fully explained by factors like the mothers’ working hours, their personal net income, their partnership status, and the fairness of their financial arrangement with their former partner. In contrast, the relationship between asymmetric joint physical custody and mothers’ economic situations remained significant even after control variables were included in the regression models. However, the question of what role selection processes among parents play in explaining the observed differences in post-separation economic well-being between mothers in sole and joint physical custody families remains open.
Creating Values: the Entrepreneurial-Science Education Nexus
Authors: Davis James P. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractValues and how values are created in science education are an under-researched field, which is problematic given the importance of epistemic values to the nature of science. From a sociological perspective, values are experienced as emotionally infused ideas with the power to influence choices and actions in everyday situations such as learning through science inquiry. The present study explores the creation of value and values by building on links with entrepreneurial education that are previously explored, but not fully developed, in science education research. Using an entrepreneurial value creation pedagogy (VCP) model as a conceptual framing, this study is situated in a science inquiry project as part of a preservice teachers’ course. The study focuses on the question: How are values in science education created by learning through doing an entrepreneurially infused inquiry project? The study illustrates how preservice science teachers create values for self to produce a sense of purpose, how they create value for agency to support action taking in a science investigation, and how they create value for others. Findings illustrate a synthesis of entrepreneurial value creation practices with science inquiry and possibilities for improving understandings about how social, cultural, and epistemic values may be created in science education. Future studies should explore the interdependence between social, cultural, and epistemic values experienced by learners in naturalistic science education contexts. This could involve analysis of epistemic emotions as a constituent of epistemic values.
Joint User-Centric Clustering and Multi-cell Radio Resource Management in Coordinated Multipoint Joint Transmission
Authors: Shami Tareq M. , Grace David , Burr Alister , Zakaria Muhammad D. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractCoordinated multipoint joint transmission (JT-CoMP) is a promising solution to address inter-cell interference in dense future wireless networks due its strength in converting interfering signals into useful signals, thereby enhancing capacity especially at the cell edge. However, allowing all user equipments (UEs) to operate using the JT-CoMP mode reduces the availability of radio resources. This paper develops an efficient algorithm that can identify which UEs will benefit from operating in a JT-CoMP mode and how to efficiently allocate radio resources from multiple base stations. Joint user-centric JT-CoMP clustering and multi-cell resource management is used in two steps where user-centric clusters are constructed as a first step and according to the clustering results obtained, resources are assigned. This paper also provides a new user-centric clustering approach that allows a user to utilize the JT-CoMP technique only if JT-CoMP boosts its rate above a certain threshold level. A multi-cell resource allocation scheme that can address the resource mismatching problem between cooperative BSs that happens due to load imbalance is proposed. Simulation results show that the proposed user-centric clustering algorithm outperforms the traditional power level difference scheme in terms of the system’s overall throughput as well as the throughput of cell-edge users. Also, results show that the performance of JT-CoMP is mainly affected by the user-centric approach and the amount of physical radio resources assigned to CoMP UEs.
The Effect of Rotary Degassing Treatments with Different Purging Gases on the Double Oxide- and Nitride Film Content of Liquid Aluminum Alloys
Authors: Gyarmati Gábor , Vincze Fanni , Fegyverneki György , Kéri Zoltán , Mende Tamás , Molnár Dániel 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Rotary degassing is one of the most frequently used melt treatment technologies used for processing liquid aluminum alloys. Despite this, the information available about the possible effects of this method on the double oxide- and nitride film (bifilm) content, especially when using different purging gases, is quite limited. For this reason, in this study, the effects of multiple rotary degassing treatments conducted with N2 and Ar purging gases on the bifilm quantity of a casting aluminum alloy were compared. The characterization of the melt quality was realized by the computed tomographic (CT) analysis of reduced pressure test (RPT) specimens, image analysis, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of the fracture surfaces of K-mold samples. Based on the results, by the application of Ar as a purging gas, relatively low bifilm content can be achieved. On the other hand, while the use of N2 leads to the formation of numerous small-sized nitride bifilms, which significantly increased the pore number density inside the RPT specimens. This can be associated with the nitride formation by the chemical reaction between the liquid aluminum alloy and the N2 purging gas bubbles during the degassing treatments.

Graphical abstract
COVID-19 and Biomedical Experts: When Epistemic Authority is (Probably) Not Enough
Authors: Pietrini Pietro , Lavazza Andrea , Farina Mirko 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis critical essay evaluates the potential integration of distinct kinds of expertise in policymaking, especially during situations of critical emergencies, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. This article relies on two case studies: (i) herd immunity (UK) and (ii) restricted access to ventilators for disabled people (USA). These case studies are discussed as examples of experts’ recommendations that have not been widely accepted, though they were made within the boundaries of expert epistemic authority. While the fundamental contribution of biomedical experts in devising public health policies during the COVID-19 pandemic is fully recognized, this paper intends to discuss potential issues and limitations that may arise when adopting a strict expert-based approach. By drawing attention to the interests of minorities (disenfranchized and underrepresented groups), the paper also claims a broader notion of “relevant expertise.” This critical essay thus calls for the necessity of wider inclusiveness and representativeness in the process underlying public health policymaking.
Parametric Hull Form Optimization of Containerships for Minimum Resistance in Calm Water and in Waves
Authors: Feng Yanxin , el Moctar Ould , Schellin Thomas E. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis paper described the process of generating the optimal parametric hull shape with a fully parametric modeling method for three containerships of different sizes. The newly created parametric ship hull was applied to another ship with a similar shape, which greatly saved time cost. A process of selecting design variables was developed, and during this process, the influence of these variables on calm water resistance was analyzed. After we obtained the optimal hulls, the wave added resistance and motions of original hulls and optimal hulls in regular head waves were analyzed and compared with experimental results. Computations of the flow around the hulls were obtained from a validated nonlinear potential flow boundary element method. Using the multi-objective optimization algorithm, surrogate-based global optimization (SBGO) reduced the computational effort. Compared with the original hull, wave resistance of the optimal hulls was significantly reduced for the two larger ships at Froude numbers corresponding to their design speeds. Optimizing the hull of the containerships slightly reduced their wave added resistance and total resistance in regular head waves, while optimization of their hulls hardly affected wave-induced motions.
Exosome-Derived lncRNA NEAT1 Exacerbates Sepsis-Associated Encephalopathy by Promoting Ferroptosis Through Regulating miR-9-5p/TFRC and GOT1 Axis
Authors: Wei Xue-biao , Jiang Wen-qiang , Zeng Ju-hao , Huang Lin-qiang , Ding Hong-guang , Jing Yuan-wen , Han Yong-li , Li Yi-chen , Chen Sheng-long 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Sepsis can cause sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE), but whether SAE was induced or exacerbated by ferroptosis remains unknown. In this study, the rat sepsis model was constructed using the cecal ligation and puncture method. The blood–brain barrier (BBB) permeability was measured by Evans blue dye (EBD) in vivo. The levels of ROS, Fe ion, MDA, GSH, and GPX4 were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The exosomes isolated from serum were cultured with bEnd.3 cells for the in vitro analysis. Moreover, bEnd.3 cells cultured with 100 μM FeCl3 (iron-rich) were to simulate ferroptosis stress. The cell viability was evaluated by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. A dual-luciferase reporter gene assay was performed to confirm the relationship between miR-9-5p with NEAT1, TFRC, and GOT1. In vivo, it is found that BBB permeability was damaged in model rats. Level of ROS, Fe ion, and MDA was increased, and level of GSH and GPX4 was decreased, which means ferroptosis was induced by sepsis. Exosome-packaged NEAT1 in serum was significantly upregulated in model rats. In vitro, it is found that NEAT1 functions as a ceRNA for miR-9-5p to facilitate TFRC and GOT1 expression. Overexpression of NEAT1 enhanced ferroptosis stress in bEnd.3 cells. Increased miR-9-5p alleviated sepsis-induced ferroptosis by suppressing the expression of TFRC and GOT1 both in vivo and in vitro. In conclusion, these findings suggest that sepsis induced high expression of serous exosome-derived NEAT1, and it might exacerbate SAE by promoting ferroptosis through regulating miR-9-5p/TFRC and GOT1 axis.
Targeting CCN2 protects against progressive non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in a preclinical model induced by high-fat feeding and type 2 diabetes
Authors: Ren Jing , Wang Xiaoyu , Parry Sarah N. , Yee Christine , Gorrell Mark D. , McLennan Susan V. , Twigg Stephen M. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractType 2 diabetes is an independent risk factor for non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) progression and its mediators have not been resolved. In this study, a pathogenic role of cellular communication network factor 2 (CCN2) protein in NASH pathology, was investigated in an established preclinical NASH model. Male wild type C57BL/6 mice received either Chow or high fat diet (HFD) for 26 weeks, with some mice in each group randomly selected to receive low dose streptozotocin (STZ: 3 i.p. injections, 65 mg/kg) at 15 weeks to induce type 2 diabetes. In the final 10 of the 26 weeks mice from each group were administered i.p. either rabbit anti-CCN2 neutralizing antibody (CCN2Ab) or as control normal rabbit IgG, at a dose of 150 µg per mouse twice/week. NASH developed in the HFD plus diabetes (HFD+DM) group. Administration of CCN2Ab significantly downregulated collagen I and collagen III mRNA induction and prevented pro-inflammatory MCP-1 mRNA induction in HFD+DM mice. At the protein level, CCN2Ab significantly attenuated collagen accumulation by PSR stain and collagen I protein induction in HFD+DM. Phosphorylation of the pro-fibrotic ERK signalling pathway in liver in HFD+DM was attenuated by CCN2Ab treatment. Intrahepatic CCN1 mRNA was induced, whereas CCN3 was downregulated at both the mRNA and protein levels in HFD+DM. CCN3 down-regulation was prevented by CCN2Ab treatment. This in vivo study indicates that CCN2 is a molecular target in NASH with high fat diet and diabetes, and that regulation of ERK signalling is implicated in this process.
Assoziation, Erwartungen und Barrieren eines Exoskeletteinsatzes in kleinen mittelständischen Unternehmen
Authors: Hoffmann Holger , Pitz Imke , Adomssent Björn , Russmann Christoph 
Published: January 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Arbeitsbedingte Muskel-Skelett-Erkrankungen (MSE) führen in der herstellenden Industrie zu Krankheitstagen und haben erhebliche wirtschaftliche Folgen für die Unternehmen und die Volkswirtschaft. Exoskelette können den Körper im Umgang mit schwerer Last oder in Zwangshaltungen unterstützen. Besonders in großen Unternehmen der Automobilindustrie werden Exoskelette pilotiert. In kleinen und mittelständischen Unternehmen (KMU) werden Exoskelette bisher jedoch wenig eingesetzt, und ihre Anwendung dort wurde wissenschaftlich bisher kaum untersucht. Ziel dieser Arbeit war es, die Barrieren der Exoskelett-Implementierung und die Erwartungen an deren Einsatz im produzierenden Gewerbe zu ermitteln.

Methode
In sechs produzierenden Unternehmen wurden teilstrukturierte Leitfadeninterviews durchgeführt und analysiert.

Ergebnisse
In den Unternehmen werden vielfältige Tätigkeiten bis an die Belastungsgrenze ausgeführt. Allgemein erwartet man durch die Anwendung von Exoskeletten Arbeitserleichterungen sowie wirtschaftliche Vorteile. Bedenken bestehen hinsichtlich des Einsatzes aufgrund des Kostenfaktors, eines ungewissen Nutzens und mangelnden Tragekomforts. Insbesondere werden mangelnde Kenntnisse über den Effekt eines Exoskeletts deutlich.

Fazit
Die vorgestellten Interviewergebnisse sind ein Schritt im interdisziplinären Prozess der Weiterentwicklung und Implementierung von Exoskeletten in der herstellenden Industrie. Bedenken und Unwissenheit potenzieller Unternehmen und Anwender müssen adressiert werden, auch um eine hohe Nutzerakzeptanz zu schaffen. Folgestudien, die die Ermittlung des Bedarfs mit einer besseren Trennschärfe erheben, könnten weitere Erkenntnisse liefern.
An Adaptive Sensor Framework for Gyrocopter-Based Optical Remote Sensing: Introduction and Applications
Authors: Jenal Alexander , Kneer Caspar , Weber Immanuel , Asgari Maryam , Knieps Michel , Bongartz Jens 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAirborne remote sensing with optical sensor systems is an essential tool for a variety of environmental monitoring applications. Depending on the size of the area to be monitored, either unmanned (UAVs) or manned aircraft are more suitable. For survey areas starting at several square kilometers, piloted aircraft remain the preferred carrier platform. However, a specific class of manned aircraft is often not considered: the gyrocopter-type ultralight aircraft. These aircraft are less expensive to operate than conventional fixed wings. Additionally, they are highly maneuverable, offer a high payload and a long endurance, and thus perfectly fill the niche between UAVs and conventional aircraft. Therefore, the authors have developed a modular and easy-to-use sensor carrier system, the FlugKit, to temporarily convert an AutoGyro MTOsport gyrocopter into a full-fledged aerial remote sensing platform mainly for vegetation monitoring. Accordingly, various suitable optical sensor systems in the visible (VIS), near-infrared (NIR), and longwave infrared (LWIR) were explicitly developed for this carrier system. This report provides a deeper insight into the individual components of this remote sensing solution based on a gyrocopter as well as application scenarios already carried out with the system.
Immediate impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on household economic activities and food security in Tajikistan
Authors: Murakami Enerelt 
Published: January 2022

AbstractUsing a nationally representative monthly survey, administered both before and after the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, this paper provides estimates of household responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in Tajikistan, focusing on (i) short-term dynamic impacts on household economic outcomes and food security, (ii) heterogenous effects across different households, and (iii) coping with income shocks resulted from the pandemic. Parametric and non-parametric event studies are estimated to quantify the short-run dynamic impacts of the pandemic on household activities. The findings show that household employment and income dropped, and food insecurity immediately worsened with the first confirmed COVID-19 cases and continues to deteriorate six months into the pandemic in Tajikistan. The extent of the impacts varies depending on locations, pre-pandemic income levels, and household sizes. In response to the income shock brought about by the pandemic, households increased borrowings and reduced food and health expenditures. These results are robust to different specifications.
Accessibility of COVID-19 Vaccination Centers in Germany via Different Means of Transport
Authors: Neumeier Stefan 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn late 2020, as soon as the approval of the first vaccines against the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) became foreseeable in line with the normative political goal of providing comparable living conditions to all residents of Germany irrespective of where they live, the German national government’s national vaccination strategy called for the widespread establishment of COVID-19 vaccination centers. As the vaccination program has been rolled out, difficulties in accessing vaccination centers have been reported. Against this background, the paper considers the questions whether, where and for whom spatial inequalities in COVID-19 vaccination center accessibility in Germany might exist. Such an understanding might help to prepare for future situations when adequate disaster response requires, similar to the COVID-19 pandemic, the government to quickly reach great parts of the population in an efficient manner. To approach this question, we examine the accessibility by the means of transport foot, bicycle, car and public transport at small scale based on an accessibility model from the point of view of the “households”. We found that in contrast to the common belief COVID-19 vaccination center accessibility or inaccessibility in Germany does not seem to be a spatial phenomenon cheating non-rural regions and discriminating rural regions as anticipated, it is instead strongly dependent on people’s individual mobility capabilities in both rural and urban areas.
Racial Differences in Left Ventricular Filling Pressure Following Acute Aerobic Exercise Between Chinese and Caucasians
Authors: Sun Peng , Yan Huimin , Ranadive Sushant M. , Lane Abbi D. , Kappus Rebecca M. , Baynard Tracy , Sun Xiaodan , Li Shichang , Fernhall Bo 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Left ventricular filling pressure (LVFP) is an important early indicator of heart failure that is more prevalent in Caucasians than Chinese. Exercise-induced change in LVFP may provide more incremental information to assess diastolic function. But it was unknown whether there was difference in LVFP following acute exercise between Caucasians and Chinese.

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to investigate the change of LVFP following an acute 45-min aerobic exercise in healthy Caucasian and Chinese individuals.

Methods
Sixty participants (30 Caucasians and 30 Chinese, half was male, respectively) performed an acute bout of aerobic exercise at 70% of heart rate reserve. Hemodynamics, Left ventricle (LV) morphology and function parameters were measured at baseline, then at 30-min and 60-min post-exercise.

Results
There was a similar LV ejection fraction, LV fraction shorten, lateral E/eʹ and lateral eʹ between Chinese and Caucasians at baseline. There was a significant race-by-time interaction in lateral E/eʹ and lateral eʹ between Chinese and Caucasians from pre-exercise to 30 min and 60 min after acute aerobic exercise. The ΔE/eʹ was significant correlated with baseline systolic blood pressure.

Conclusion
The change of LVFP was different between Chinese and Caucasians following acute aerobic exercise. The racial differences may be primarily caused by the changes of LV relaxation following exercise, baseline systolic blood pressure may also contribute to the differences.
Deletion of all three MAP kinase genes results in severe defects in stress responses and pathogenesis in Fusarium graminearum
Authors: Ren Jingyi , Zhang Yuhan , Wang Yuhua , Li Chengliang , Bian Zhuyun , Zhang Xue , Liu Huiquan , Xu Jin-Rong , Jiang Cong 
Published: January 2022

AbstractMitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades are activated by external stimuli and convert signals to cellular changes. Individual MAPKs have been characterized in a number of plant pathogenic fungi for their roles in pathogenesis and responses to biotic or abiotic stresses. However, mutants deleted of all the MAPK genes have not been reported in filamentous fungi. To determine the MAPK-less effects in a fungal pathogen, in this study we generated and characterized mutants deleted of all three MAPK genes in the wheat scab fungus Fusarium graminearum. The Gpmk1 mgv1 Fghog1 triple mutants had severe growth defects and was non-pathogenic. It was defective in infection cushion formation and DON production. Conidiation was reduced in the triple mutant, which often produced elongated conidia with more septa than the wild-type conidia. The triple mutant was blocked in sexual reproduction due to the loss of female fertility. Lack of any MAPKs resulted in an increased sensitivity to various abiotic stress including cell wall, osmotic, oxidative stresses, and phytoalexins, which are likely related to the defects of the triple mutant in environmental adaptation and plant infection. The triple mutant also had increased sensitivity to the biocontrol bacterium Bacillus velezensis and fungus Clonostachys rosea. In co-incubation assays with B. velezensis, the Gpmk1 mgv1 Fghog1 mutant had more severe growth limitation than the wild type and was defective in conidium germination and germ tube growth. In confrontation assays, the triple mutant was defective in defending against mycoparasitic activities of C. rosea and the latter could grow over the mutant but not wild-type F. graminearum. RNA-seq and metabolomics analyses showed that the MAPK triple mutant was altered in the expression of many ATP-binding cassette (ABC) and major facilitator superfamily (MFS) transporter genes and the accumulation of metabolites related to arachidonic acid, linoleic acid, and alpha-linolenic acid metabolisms. Overall, as the first study on mutants deleted of all three MAPKs in fungal pathogens, our results showed that although MAPKs are not essential for growth and asexual reproduction, the Gpmk1 mgv1 Fghog1 triple mutant was blocked in plant infection and sexual reproductions. It also had severe defects in responses to various abiotic stresses and bacterial- or fungal-fungal interactions.