bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Case series: 3D printed orthopedic brace combined with traditional manipulative physiotherapy to treat new-onset scoliosis in adults
Authors: Jin Hui , Zhang Ziyu , Gao Yao , He Huan , Feng Shibin , Xu Rui , Li Qiang , Zuo Hao 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Introduction
New-onset scoliosis in adults is different from that in congenital and idiopathic scoliosis. We applied personalized custom 3D printed orthopedic braces combined with traditional manipulative physiotherapy to treat adult patients with new-onset scoliosis and observed the effectiveness of the treatment.

Patient concerns
Nine patients aged 20–52 years presented with unequal height of hips and asymmetrical waist. One shoulder was obviously protruding or enlarged compared to the other; when lying on the bed, the legs were not equal in length, and when bending down, the back was not equal on the left and right.

Diagnosis
New-onset scoliosis.

Interventions
Application of individual customized 3D printing brace combined with traditional treatment. Evaluation of clinical efficacy after treatment, including functional exercise test (FMS) before and after treatment, ability of daily living (ADL), visual analog pain score (VAS), and scoliosis angle (Cobb angle).

Outcomes
The total effective treatment rate was 100.00% (9/9). The VAS score, Cobb angle of the spine, FMS test, and ADL test were significantly improved compared with those before treatment.

Conclusion
The customized 3D printed orthopedic brace combined with traditional techniques to treat scoliosis and innovatively combined human bionic technology with traditional medicine to achieve the continuity and precise correction of scoliosis treatment is a clinically effective technique.
Fetal intracranial hemorrhage and maternal vitamin K deficiency induced by total parenteral nutrition
Authors: Lee Subeen , Kim Hyun Mi , Kang Juyeon , Seong Won Joon , Kim Mi Ju 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Rationale:
Fetal brain hemorrhage is rare. It is caused mainly by maternal trauma or fetal coagulation disorder, but in some cases, vitamin K deficiency may be the cause.

Patient concerns:
We describe the case of a pregnant woman with bowel obstruction who was susceptible to vitamin K deficiency due to oral diet restriction, decreased intestinal absorption, and limited intravenous vitamin K supplementation.

Diagnosis:
After 18 days of intermittent total parenteral nutrition, acute onset of severe fetal brain hemorrhage developed.

Interventions:
After acute onset of fetal brain hemorrhage, the patient underwent an emergency cesarean section at 25 + 3 weeks of gestation due to fetal non-reassuring fetal monitoring.

Outcomes:
The Apgar score at birth was 0/0, and despite cardiopulmonary resuscitation, neonatal death was confirmed. After the baby was delivered, we checked the maternal upper abdominal cavity and found a massive adhesion in the small bowel to the abdominal wall near the liver and stomach with an adhesion band. The adhesion band, presumably a complication of previous hepatobiliary surgery, appeared to have caused small bowel obstruction. Adhesiolysis between the small bowel and abdominal wall was performed.

Lessons:
This case demonstrates that even relatively short-term total parenteral nutrition can cause severe fetal brain hemorrhage. Vitamin K supplementation is required for mothers who are expected to be vitamin K deficient, especially if they are on total parenteral nutrition for more than 3 weeks.
Association of the VEGFR2 single nucleotide polymorphism rs2305948 with glioma risk
Authors: Sun Shushu , Li Xiaotian , Qu Bingkun , Xie Kunming , Li Jinlei , Miao Junjie 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Background:
Many studies have reported a relationship between the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs2305948 and glioma, but their conclusions have been controversial. A meta-analysis was performed to assess the association between rs2305948 and glioma susceptibility.

Methods:
Inclusion criteria and a strategy for screening of original literature were created. Eligible articles on the correlation between the SNP rs2305948 and glioma were identified in the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, CNKI and Wanfang databases. After extracting the data, Stata 12. 0 software was used to perform statistical analysis under 5 genetic models and to calculate the combined odds ratio (OR) value and its 95% confidence interval (CI).

Results:
Four case-control studies including 1595 cases and 1657 controls were entered into the study. The overall analysis showed that no obvious association existed between rs2305948 and glioma risk (allele: OR = 1.20, 95% CI = 0.93–1.54, P = .162; dominant: OR = 1.17, 95% CI = 0.93–1.46, P = .174; recessive: OR = 1.72, 95% CI = 0.94–3.15, P = .076; heterozygous: OR = 1.11, 95% CI = 0.94–1.30, P = .226; homozygous: OR = 1.74, 95% CI = 0.92–3.29, P = .088). The subgroup analysis suggested that the SNP rs2305948 was related to glioma susceptibility under allele, dominant, recessive and homozygote models in the Asian population (allele: OR = 1.34, 95% CI = 1.16–1.55, P < .001; recessive: OR = 2.24, 95% CI = 1.49–3.36, P < .001; homozygous: OR = 2.32, 95% CI = 1.54–3.50, P < .001).

Conclusion:
The vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 rs2305948 gene polymorphism may be related to glioma susceptibility in the Asian population. However, the association is not clear in non-Asian populations, for which there has been less research.
Biphasic synovial sarcoma with a striking morphological divergence from the main mass to lymph node metastasis
Authors: Woo Ha Young 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Rationale:
Synovial sarcoma accounts for 5% to 10% of all soft tissue sarcomas and involves almost any anatomic site, particularly the deep soft tissue of the extremities of young adults. The incidence rate of lymph node metastases in synovial sarcoma is 3% to 7%, but the detailed morphological features of the metastatic tumors in the lymph node have not been documented.

Patient concerns:
A 64-year-old Korean man presented with a huge mass in the left lower thorax and multiple hypermetabolic lymph nodes along the mediastinal, supraclavicular, internal mammary, and retrocrural regions.

Diagnoses:
The patient was diagnosed with primary pleuropulmonary biphasic synovial sarcoma with lymph node metastases, where the main mass mostly comprised spindle cells (>95%) and the metastatic lymph nodes comprised only epithelial cells.

Interventions:
Left lower lobe lobectomy with the resection of the chest wall (including left ribs 8-10) and diaphragm and mediastinal lymph node dissection were performed.

Outcomes:
In the 2-month follow-up period, there have been no complications so far, and the attending physician is currently planning for the adjuvant chemotherapy.

Lessons:
The main mass and the metastatic lesion can be clearly different morphologically. In tumors with biphasic differentiation, such as synovial sarcoma, cells that constitute only a small fraction of the main mass may appear as the dominant cells in metastatic lesions.
Bibliometric analysis of toll-like receptor agonists associated with cancer therapy
Authors: Li Wei , Wan Li , Duan Shaojun , Xu Jingjing 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Background:
Toll-like receptors (TLRs), a family of innate pattern-recognition receptors, have been exploited as a target for antitumor strategy. An increasing number of TLR agonists, serving as immunotherapeutics or vaccine adjuvants, were developed. This study aimed at exploring the status and trend of current researches on TLR agonists through bibliometric analysis.

Methods:
Original publications on TLR agonists were collected from the Web of Science Core Collection. Data were analyzed in terms of publication outputs, journals, countries, institutions, authors, co-authorship, co-citation, research hotspots, and evolution trends through VOSviewer and CiteSpace.

Results:
A total of 1914 TLR agonists-related articles, published in 612 academic journals between 2000 and 2019, were enrolled in the study. The Journal of Immunology published the most publications, followed by PLoS One and Blood. The USA that is in possession of the largest number of articles and the most extensive cooperators was the most leading country in this field. University of Minnesota ranked the first in terms of paper totality, but its average citations ranking was lower than University of Pennsylvania. Gudkov AV was the most productive author, whose team reported a TLR5 agonist that had radioprotective activity in mouse and primate models in 2008. The paper of Akira Shizuo, professor of Osaka University, was widely cited by international peers. The research trend of TLR agonists has undergone 3 periods: mechanisms of TLR signalings in immunotherapy (2000–2010), discovery of TLR agonists (2011–2014), application, therapeutic evaluation, and drug design of TLR agonists (2015–2019).

Conclusion:
This study provides investigators a landscape of TLR agonists research from the perspective of bibliometrics.
A novel frameshift c.22_25dupGCAT mutation of the NDP gene in a Chinese infant with Norrie disease
Authors: Wang He , Liu Zeyuan , Zhou Yuantao , Ma Yuanyuan , Tao Dan 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Rationale:
Norrie disease (ND) is a rare X-linked recessive disease characterized by bilateral congenital blindness and auditory impairments. According to the previous studies, Norrin cystine knot growth factor (NDP) gene have been found to be responsible for ND. Herein, we report a case of ND with a novel mutation in NDP and elucidate the clinical and molecular characteristics of this patient.

Patient concerns:
A 2-month-old Chinese male infant presented with gray-white opacification in the bilateral cornea. Vitreous opacity and retinal detachment were observed on ocular ultrasound. Furthermore, a novel de novo hemizygous mutation (c.22_25dupGCAT, p.S9Cfs∗18) in exon 2 of the NDP gene was identified by next-generation sequencing. SWISS-MODEL predicted that the c.22_25dupGCAT mutation truncated the NDP protein.

Diagnosis:
Based on the above clinical and genetic evidence, this patient was eventually diagnosed with ND.

Interventions:
Currently, no clinical therapy is available for ND.

Outcomes:
In addition to the typical ocular symptoms, no other abnormalities were observed. The patient's vital signs remained stable and normal.

Lesson:
A novel causative mutation of NDP was identified using next-generation sequencing. Our report expands the pathogenic mutation spectrum of NDP and facilitates genetic counseling and prenatal diagnosis. Additionally, we emphasize the importance of molecular genetic testing in the diagnosis of ND.
Research progress of diagnosing methodology for lumbar segmental instability
Authors: Wang Yingfeng , Huang Kai 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Objective:
Lumbar segmental instability (LSI) is due to a pathologic movement of the vertebral body on the vertebra below and often causes clinical symptoms. The study was to achieve the research progress of diagnosing methodology for lumbar segmental instability and help clinicians make treatment choices.

Methods:
The data for this study were collected from the MEDLINE, Springer, Web of Science, PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Evidence Based Medicine Reviews, VIP, and CNKI. The search terms were integrated as follows: “(∗lumbar instability∗ OR ∗lumbar spondylolisthesis∗) and (∗image∗ or ∗diagnosis∗)”. Studies without clear radiographic instable criteria, case reports, letter, and basic research were excluded.

Result:
In total, 39 articles published met our inclusion criteria. The various modalities were used to diagnosis LSI in these studies included radiographs, facet joint degeneration and physical examination tests.

Conclusion:
Overall, there have been a variety of researches to develop the diagnosing methodology for LSI, and many have been successful, although no consensus has been reached yet. However, it is believed that the diagnosis of LSI will become easier and more accurate in the near future.
Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis with alveolar hemorrhage and ruptured renal aneurysm
Authors: Tong Jin , Zhou Zhi-Yu , Liu Xi , Wang Dao-Xin , Deng Wang 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Rationale:
Antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) is characterized by necrotizing damage to small-vessel vasculitis and mainly occurs in the kidney or lung. We report a rare case of AAV manifesting as alveolar hemorrhage and a renal aneurysm.

Patient concerns:
A 50-year-old Chinese man presented with repeated coughing, expectoration, fever, hypoxemia, and respiratory failure. The patient suffered from rupture of the renal aneurysm during immunosuppressive therapy.

Diagnosis:
Considering the clinical picture (fever, progressive hypoxemia, renal insufficiency, hemorrhagic bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and left retroperitoneal hematoma) along with cANCA-PR3 positivity, and lung biopsy findings, the patient was finally diagnosed with granulomatosis with polyangiitis complicated by alveolar hemorrhage and renal aneurysm.

Interventions:
The patient was initially treated with immunosuppressive therapy combined with plasma exchange and subsequently with renal arterial embolization due to rupture of the renal aneurysm.

Outcomes:
The general condition and inflammatory reaction improved with immunosuppressive therapy combined with plasma exchange. Unfortunately, the patient did not respond to treatment and eventually died of respiratory failure and acute kidney injury after the rupture of the renal aneurysm.

Lessons:
We encountered unprecedented difficulties and challenges with renal aneurysm rupture. The possibility of aneurysmal rupture should be carefully considered and frequently checked for immunosuppressive therapy for AAV.
Caring for Aging Skin
Authors: Kirkland-Kyhn Holly , Zaratkiewicz Sunniva , Teleten Oleg , Young Heather M. 
Published: January 2022

This article is part of a series, Supporting Family Caregivers: No Longer Home Alone, published in collaboration with the AARP Public Policy Institute. Results of focus groups, conducted as part of the AARP Public Policy Institute's No Longer Home Alone video project, supported evidence that family caregivers aren't given the information they need to manage the complex care regimens of family members. This series of articles and accompanying videos aims to help nurses provide caregivers with the tools they need to manage their family member's health care at home.
The articles in this new installment of the series provide simple and useful instructions that nurses should reinforce with family caregivers who perform wound care tasks. Each article also includes an informational tear sheet—Information for Family Caregivers—that contains links to instructional videos. To use this series, nurses should read the article first, so they understand how best to help family caregivers, and then encourage caregivers to watch the videos and ask questions. For additional information, see Resources for Nurses.
Teaching Wound Care to Family Caregivers
Authors: Kirkland-Kyhn Holly , Generao Stephanie Anne , Teleten Oleg , Young Heather M. 
Published: January 2022

This article is part of a series, Supporting Family Caregivers: No Longer Home Alone, published in collaboration with the AARP Public Policy Institute. Results of focus groups, conducted as part of the AARP Public Policy Institute's No Longer Home Alone video project, supported evidence that family caregivers aren't given the information they need to manage the complex care regimens of family members. This series of articles and accompanying videos aims to help nurses provide caregivers with the tools they need to manage their family member's health care at home.
The articles in this new installment of the series provide simple and useful instructions that nurses should reinforce with family caregivers who perform wound care tasks. Each article also includes an informational tear sheet—Information for Family Caregivers—that contains links to instructional videos. To use this series, nurses should read the article first, so they understand how best to help family caregivers, and then encourage caregivers to watch the videos and ask questions. For additional information, see Resources for Nurses.
Thyroid Disease in Pregnancy: A Descriptive Review of Guidelines
Authors: Tsakiridis Ioannis , Giouleka Sonia , Kourtis Anargyros , Mamopoulos Apostolos , Athanasiadis Apostolos , Dagklis Themistoklis 
Published: January 2022

Importance
Thyroid disorders represent one of the most frequent complications of pregnancy associated with adverse obstetric, fetal, and neonatal outcomes, especially in case of delayed diagnosis and suboptimal management.

Objective
The aim of this study was to review and compare the recommendations of the most recently published guidelines on the diagnosis and management of these common conditions.

Evidence Acquisition
A descriptive review of guidelines from the Endocrine Society, the European Thyroid Association, the Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, the American Thyroid Association, and the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists on thyroid disease in pregnancy was carried out.

Results
There is an overall consensus regarding the diagnosis of overt and subclinical hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism in pregnancy using the pregnancy-specific reference ranges and the definition of postpartum thyroiditis. The reviewed guidelines unanimously discourage universal screening for thyroid function abnormalities before and during pregnancy and support targeted screening of high-risk patients by measuring serum thyroid-stimulating hormone levels. Moreover, they all highlight the need of treating overt hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism, not only during pregnancy, but also before conception, suggesting similar management policies and treatment targets. There is also agreement regarding the management of gestational transient hyperthyroidism with hyperemesis gravidarum, suspected fetal thyrotoxicosis, postpartum thyroiditis, and thyroid malignancy. Scanning or treating with radioactive iodine is contraindicated during pregnancy and breastfeeding. On the other hand, there is controversy on the management of subclinical thyroid disease, thyroid function surveillance protocols, and iodine nutrition recommendations. Of note, the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists makes some specific recommendations on the treatment of thyroid storm and thyrotoxic heart failure in pregnant women, whereas the American Thyroid Association makes a special reference to the management of women with thyroid cancer.

Conclusions
As the disorders of the thyroid gland affect a significant proportion of pregnant women, it is of paramount importance to develop uniform international evidence-based protocols for their accurate diagnosis and optimal management, in order to safely guide clinical practice and eventually improve perinatal outcomes.

Target Audience
Obstetricians and gynecologists, family physicians

Learning Objectives
After participating in this activity, the physician should be better able to define and diagnose overt and subclinical hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism in pregnant women; explain the recommended antenatal and postnatal management for hypothyroidism; and describe the treatment plan for hyperthyroidism in each trimester of pregnancy.
Sialocele of Submandibular Gland, an Unreported Complication of Bilateral Sagittal Split Osteotomy
Authors: Dediol Emil , Harmicar David , Borumandi Farzad 
Published: January 2022

Abstract:
Bilateral sagittal split osteotomy is a routine procedure with predictable and well-known complications. The authors report a thitherto unreported complication of bilateral sagittal split osteotomy presenting as a postoperative sialocele of submandibular salivary gland tissue in the floor of the mouth. The sialocele was probably caused by overinstrumentation and injury to sublingual salivary tissues or Wharton's duct during bicortical drilling or screw fixation. This iatrogenic sialocele was managed conservatively with multiple aspiration and compression dressings. Although rare and unreported so far this complication may be included in the preoperative consent process.
A Preliminary Management Algorithm for Velopharyngeal Insufficiency in Cleft-Orthognathic Patients
Authors: Sasson Daniel C. , Reategui Alvaro , Phillips Sarah , Smetona John T. , Lopez Joseph , Parsaei Yassmin , Steinbacher Derek M. 
Published: January 2022

Purpose:
Patients born with a cleft palate often suffer from velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI) due to the soft palate musculature's abnormal structure. Surgical correction of the palate at a young age can hinder maxillary growth, requiring surgical correction of the maxillomandibular discrepancy at skeletal maturity. Orthognathic surgery can then cause or further exacerbate VPi in these patients. The purpose of this paper is to assess cleft-orthog-nathic patients under the lens of persistent or newly-developed VPi, to understand outcomes and generate a targeted management algorithm.

Methods:
A retrospective study was performed inspecting cleft-orthognathic patients presenting to a single surgeon. Patients with sufficient follow-up were placed into predefined algorithmic cohorts by their VPi development pattern in relation to orthognathic surgery. They were further stratified into groups by level of adherence to our algorithm to evaluate VPi outcomes. Demographic factors, risk factors, and outcomes were compared between groups via Welch t test and Fisher exact test.

Results:
Fifty-one patients were examined, including 16 with VPI. Velopharyngeal insufficiency fully resolved amongst all algorithmically adherent patients and remained in nonadherent patients (P < 0.001).

Conclusions:
Our targeted algorithm may improve symptoms and the management of VPI in cleft-orthognathic patients. Multi-centered studies with larger sample sizes and prospective studies are encouraged to validate our proposed treatment algorithm further.
Dexamethasone Induces Apoptosis of Embryonic Palatal Mesenchymal Cells Through the GATA-6/Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2/p38 MAPK Pathway
Authors: Lan Shijie , Yang Xiaoguang , Li Tian , Yang Tianye , Rong Li 
Published: January 2022

Abstract:
Exposure to dexamethasone (DEX) causes cleft palate at high rates. Our previous studies proved that GATA binding protein 6 (GATA-6)/bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) mediated apoptosis is related to DEX-induced cleft palate, but the specific mechanism is still unclear. The goal of this research was to understand the mechanism of apoptosis in cleft palate formation induced by DEX. Palatal mesenchymal cells from mouse embryos on embryonic day 13 were isolated as the experimental group, GATA-6 was silenced by GATA-6 small interfering Ribonucleic Acid (RNA). Cell Counting Kit-8, flow cytometry and Western Blot were applied to detect cell proliferation ability, cell cycle, the proportion of apoptotic cells, and the expression of apoptosis- related proteins of GATA-6 knockdown palatal mesenchymal cells. Further proteins on the BMP-2/Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways were detected using Western Blot. T results showed that knockdown of GATA-6 by siRNA significantly decreased cell proliferation and increased the expression of apoptosis-related proteins. Bone morphogenetic protein-2/P38 mitogen Activated protein kinase (P38 MARK) pathway proteins decreased significantly among the GATA-6 knockdown group, DEX-cleft palate group and control +DEX groups. The results indicated that the GATA-6/BMP-2/P38 MAPK athway was involved in the apoptosis caused by GATA-6 silencing, which may be the possible mechanism of DEX inducing cleft palate.