bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Slot die coating window for a uniform fuel cell ink dispersion
Authors: Pan Weitong , Chen Zhekun , Chen Xueli , Wang Fuchen , Dai Gance 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe continuous roll‐to‐roll slot die coating technique has shown great potential for fuel cell electrode fabrication. It is essential to determine the particulate coating window to obtain a defect‐free film of uniform thickness and uniform particle dispersion. For this dual‐purpose, an additional upper operating limit has been proposed via a “flow field analysis scheme” that combines analysis and simulation. In this analysis, the fundamentals of flow pattern transition (Poiseuille–Couette–bubbly flow) behind coating limits are clarified. The Couette flow is advantageous for uniform shear rate and dispersion. Furthermore, phase‐field simulations systematically investigate the effect of fluid and geometrical parameters and quantitatively present the flow limit with explicit expression. Results reveal that the slope of the upper limit is inversely correlated with shear‐thinning index n while proportional to the coating gap H. Combining the bubble entrainment boundary, lower n and H are favorable for a larger particulate coating window.
Consideration of sex and gender in Alzheimer's disease and related disorders from a global perspective
Authors: Mielke Michelle M. , Aggarwal Neelum T. , Vila‐Castelar Clara , Agarwal Puja , Arenaza‐Urquijo Eider M. , Brett Benjamin , Brugulat‐Serrat Anna , DuBose Lyndsey E. , Eikelboom Willem S. , Flatt Jason , Foldi Nancy S. , Franzen Sanne , Gilsanz Paola , Li Wei , McManus Alison J. , van Lent Debora Melo , Milani Sadaf Arefi , Shaaban C. Elizabeth , Stites Shana D. , Sundermann Erin , Suryadevara Vidyani , Trani Jean‐Francoise , Turner Arlener D. , Vonk Jet M. J. , Quiroz Yakeel T. , Babulal Ganesh M. ,   for the Diversity and Disparity Professional Interest Area Sex and Gender Special Interest Group
Published: April 2022

AbstractSex or gender differences in the risk of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) differ by world region, suggesting that there are potentially modifiable risk factors for intervention. However, few epidemiological or clinical ADRD studies examine sex differences; even fewer evaluate gender in the context of ADRD risk. The goals of this perspective are to: (1) provide definitions of gender, biologic sex, and sexual orientation. and the limitations of examining these as binary variables; (2) provide an overview of what is known with regard to sex and gender differences in the risk, prevention, and diagnosis of ADRD; and (3) discuss these sex and gender differences from a global, worldwide perspective. Identifying drivers of sex and gender differences in ADRD throughout the world is a first step in developing interventions unique to each geographical and sociocultural area to reduce these inequities and to ultimately reduce global ADRD risk.Highlights
The burden of dementia is unevenly distributed geographically and by sex and gender.
Scientific advances in genetics and biomarkers challenge beliefs that sex is binary.
Discrimination against women and sex and gender minority (SGM) populations contributes to cognitive decline.
Sociocultural factors lead to gender inequities in Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) worldwide.
The Combined Effect of Jet and Atmospheric Turbulence on the Propagation of Airborne Partially Coherent Array Beams
Authors: Zhang Yu‐Qiu , Deng Yu , Hou Tian‐Yue , Ma Peng‐Fei , Su Rong‐Tao , Zhou Pu 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe exhaust from engines close to the fuselage can cause extreme turbulence and have a significant impact on the performance of airborne laser systems. In this paper, the combined effect of the jet engine and atmospheric turbulence on propagation of a Gaussian Schell‐model (GSM) array beam over long distances is studied in detail. Based on the two‐step propagation method, the analytical expressions of the cross‐spectral density (CSD) function, mean‐squared beam width and spectral degree of spatial coherence (DOC) of GSM array beams are derived. It is shown that the jet engine turbulence has a significant effect on the beam broadening even at a very short distance. As the propagation distance in the jet engine turbulence increases, the beam width is less effected by the spatial coherence. Meanwhile, the resistance of lower spatially coherent beam to the turbulence increases as the distance of the jet engine turbulence or the strength of the atmospheric turbulence increases. It is demonstrated that the effect of jet engine turbulence on the beam spreading can be equivalent to moderate or even severe atmospheric turbulence. Moreover, the DOC is a function with oscillatory phenomenon when the propagation distance is short or the strength of turbulence is low.
Theoretical unraveling the complexation and separation of uranyl–ligand complexes towards chiral R/S‐profenofos
Authors: Liu Linfeng , Lu Yao , Liao Lifu , Xiao Xilin , Nie Changming 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe identification and separation of chiral pesticides R/S‐profenofos are of great significance due to different biological toxicity of chiral isomers. In the study, we designed two novel ligands: (2,2′:6′,2″‐terpyridin)‐6‐yl(5‐methoxy‐1H‐pyrazol‐1‐yl) methanethione (TMMT) and (2,2′:6′,2″‐terpyridin)‐6‐yl(5‐methoxy‐1H‐pyrazol‐1‐yl) methanone (TMMO), and taking them as ligands coordinated with uranyl, two novel complexes [Uranyl‐TMMT]2+ and [Uranyl‐TMMO]2+ as receptors were successfully constructed. The complexation and enantioselectivity of two receptors towards R/S‐profenofos as guests were systematically unraveled based on the density functional theory (DFT) method. The results showed that the receptor [Uranyl‐TMMT]2+ containing thioamide group has stronger electron donating ability than the receptor [Uranyl‐TMMO]2+ containing amide group. All analyses including Mayer bond order (MBO), quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM), localized orbital locator (LOL) function, molecular orbital, and infrared spectrum illustrated that the UX (X = S, O) bonds play a larger role than the UN bonds in the selective complexation of receptors towards guests; the US bond in [Uranyl‐TMMT]2+ is more covalent than the UO bond in [Uranyl‐TMMO]2+. The thermodynamic calculations showed that the separation factors of [Uranyl‐TMMT]2+ towards R/S‐PFFs were between 8356 and 1219 in different solvents, and the separation factors of [Uranyl‐TMMO]2+ towards R/S‐PFFs were at range of 4951–710. The separation factors exhibited that two receptors have stronger coordination and complexation ability to S‐PFF than to R‐PFF, while [Uranyl‐TMMT]2+ exhibited significantly greater recognition ability and enantioselectivity for guests R/S‐PFFs molecules than the receptor [Uranyl‐TMMO]2+.
Strategies to improve production of biomethane from organic wastes with anaerobic co‐digestion: a systematic review
Authors: Wang Ying , Zhang Siqi , Song Jinghui , Sheng Chenjing , Shang Zezhou , Wang Rui , Wang Xiaojiao , Yang Gaihe , Feng Yongzhong , Ren Guangxin 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAnaerobic digestion is a technology that converts complex organic matter into another form of matter, from which energy can be more easily extracted. The stability and digestion of anaerobic co‐digestion with multiple raw materials as substrates is better than the performance of anaerobic mono‐digestion. In the past two decades, there has been a large amount of literature on how to improve the performance of methane production in the anaerobic co‐digestion process, but few systematic reviews have been conducted. This paper summarizes the factors affecting the development of anaerobic co‐digestion. The process parameters, substrate optimization strategy, microbial community, and model application for improving anaerobic co‐digestion performance were systematically analyzed. Methane purification technology and policies to support digestion projects are also discussed. At present, the technological process is basically mature, but the interaction between various parameters can be studied in depth. Methane purification technology expands the market for the biogas industry and increases its economic benefits. Policy is the key to promoting process technology and the methane market. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
The reliability of biomedical science: A case history of a maturing experimental field
Authors: Michell Robert H. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThere is much discussion in the media and some of the scientific literature of how many of the conclusions from scientific research should be doubted. These critiques often focus on studies – typically in non‐experimental spheres of biomedical and social sciences – that search large datasets for novel correlations, with a risk that inappropriate statistical evaluations might yield dubious conclusions. By contrast, results from experimental biological research can often be interpreted largely without statistical analysis. Typically: novel observation(s) are reported, and an explanatory hypothesis is offered; multiple labs undertake experiments to test the hypothesis; interpretation of the results may refute the hypothesis, support it or provoke its modification; the test/revise sequence is reiterated many times; and the field moves forward. I illustrate this experimental/non‐experimental dichotomy by examining the contrasting recent histories of: (a) our remarkable and growing understanding of how several inositol‐containing phospholipids contribute to the lives of eukaryote cells; and (b) the difficulty of achieving any agreed mechanistic understanding of why consuming dietary supplements of inositol is clinically beneficial in some metabolic diseases.
Investigation of benzimidazole anthelmintics as oral anticancer agents
Authors: Jang Jiyoon , Lee Kwangho , Koh Byumseok 
Published: April 2022

AbstractRecently, there has been social controversy regarding whether benzimidazole anthelmintic drugs can be used as anticancer drugs. On this note, we wish to address the use of current benzimidazole anthelmintic drugs for the treatment of cancer patients. We explored the anticancer efficacy of benzimidazole anthelmintic drugs in vitro and their mechanism of action. We also conducted pharmacokinetic studies of two benzimidazole anthelmintics and assessed the predictive systemic efficacy. Finally, we present the anticancer efficacy of benzimidazole anthelmintics' putative metabolites from hydrolysis. Our data suggest that benzimidazole anthelmintic drugs are not expected to show systemic anticancer efficacy in vivo due to poor pharmacokinetic parameters. Therefore, patients should not consider oxibendazole or fenbendazole as cancer treatment option.
The prevalence and real‐world therapeutic analysis of Chinese patients with KRAS‐Mutant Non‐Small Cell lung cancer
Authors: Chen Hanxiao , Huang Dingzhi , Lin Gen , Yang Xue , Zhuo Minglei , Chi Yujia , Zhai Xiaoyu , Jia Bo , Wang Jingjing , Wang Yuyan , Li Jianjie , An Tongtong , Wu Meina , Wang Ziping , Zhao Jun 
Published: April 2022

AbstractObjectiveKirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS) is an important driver gene of non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Despite a rapid progress achieved in the targeted therapy, chemotherapy remains the standard treatment option for patients with KRAS‐mutant NSCLC. This study aimed to assess real‐world data of Chinese patients with KRAS‐mutant NSCLC undergoing chemotherapy and/or immunotherapy.MethodsKRAS mutational status was analyzed using next‐generation sequencing of 150,327 NSCLC patients from the Lung Cancer Big Data Precise Treatment Collaboration Group (LANDSCAPE) project (Cohort I). Treatment data were collected and analyzed retrospectively from 4348 NSCLC patients who were admitted to the Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute between January 2009 and October 2020 (Cohort II).ResultsIn Cohort I, 18,224 patients were detected with KRAS mutations (12.1%) of whom G12C (29.6%) was the most frequent subtype, followed by G12D (18.1%) and G12V (17.5%). In case of concomitant mutations, TP53 had the highest incidence of 33.6%, followed by EGFR (11.6%), STK11 (10.4%), KEAP1(6.2%), and CDKN2A (6.0%). Cohort II included 497 patients (11.4%) with KRAS mutations. In the first‐line chemotherapeutic analysis of Cohort II, patients benefited more from the pemetrexed/platinum (PP) regimen than the gemcitabine/platinum (GP) or taxanes/platinum (TP) regimen (median progression‐free survival [PFS], 6.4 vs. 4.9 vs. 5.6 months, hazard ratio [HR] = 0.65, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.48–0.88, p = 0.033 and HR = 0.69, 95% CI 0.47–1.00, p = 0.05, respectively), with no significant difference when combined with bevacizumab. Regarding patients who received immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), the objective response rate was 26% for a median PFS of 9.6 months (95% CI 6.16–13.03). Patients who received ICIs combined with chemotherapy had a significantly longer survival than monotherapy (median PFS, 13.9 vs. 5.2 months, HR = 0.59, 95% CI 0.35–0.99, p = 0.049).ConclusionKRAS is an important driver gene in NSCLC, compromising 12.1% in this study, and G12C was noted as the most common subtype. Patients with KRAS‐mutant NSCLC could benefit from pemetrexed‐based chemotherapy and ICIs.
Cadherins and the pathogenesis of epilepsy
Authors: Yang Ciqing , Shi Yaping , Li Xiaoying , Guan Lihong , Li Han , Lin Juntang 
Published: April 2022

AbstractEpilepsy is a nervous system disease caused by abnormal discharge of brain neurons, which is characterized by recurrent seizures. The factors that induce epilepsy include genetic and environmental factors. Genetic factors are important pathogenic factors of epilepsy, such as epilepsy caused by protocadherin‐19 (PCDH‐19) mutation, which is an X‐linked genetic disease. It is more common in female heterozygotes, which are caused by mutations in the PCDH‐19 gene. Epilepsy caused by environmental factors is mainly caused by brain injury, which is commonly caused by brain tumors, brain surgery, or trauma to the brain. In addition, the pathogenesis of epilepsy is closely related to abnormalities in some signaling pathways. The Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway is considered a new target for the treatment of epilepsy. This review summarizes these factors inducing epilepsy and the research hypotheses regarding the pathogenesis of epilepsy. The focus of this review centers on cadherins and the pathogenesis of epilepsy. We analyzed the pathogenesis of epilepsy induced by N‐cadherin and PCDH‐19 in the cadherin family members. Finally, we expect that in the future, new breakthroughs will be made in the study of the pathogenesis and mechanism of epilepsy at the cellular and molecular levels.
Outcomes of emergency transcatheter aortic valve replacement in patients with cardiogenic shock: A multicenter retrospective study
Authors: Piriou Pierre‐Guillaume , Manigold Thibaut , Letocart Vincent , Le Ruz Robin , Schurtz Guillaume , Vincent Flavien , Van Belle Éric , Guérin Patrice , Plessis Julien 
Published: April 2022

AbstractRescue transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) in patients with cardiogenic shock is challenging, and there is limited literature on these critical patients. The aim of this study was to determine the characteristics and outcomes of patients undergoing TAVR, feasibility and safety of the procedure, and 1‐year mortality factors. Thirty‐eight patients with severe aortic disease and cardiogenic shock admitted to two French hospitals from 2015 to 2019 were included. The patients were critical, 78.9% of them had a left ventricular ejection fraction of <30%, and all of them received inotropic support. “Valve‐in‐valve” procedures were performed in 15.8% and 13.2% underwent balloon aortic valvuloplasty before TAVR. Edwards Sapien3® and Medtronic CoreValve EvolutR® were used. The survival probability remained reasonable for patients with cardiogenic shock who underwent rescue TAVR. The 30‐day mortality rate was 7.9% and 21.1% at 1 year. No patient died during the intervention. The procedure was safe, with few complications except for acute kidney failure, the development of a left bundle branch block, and the need for pacemaker implantation. Both functional and echocardiographic results were good at 1 year, although 29% of the patients underwent rehospitalization within 1 year. The development of a left bundle branch block was found to be a mortality risk factor. This procedure is a safe and effective therapy with acceptable survivorship in critically ill patients. The benefits to their quality of life should be evaluated in future studies, and the need for providing early cardiac resynchronization therapy must be emphasized.
First branchial cleft sinus with duplicate external auditory canal: A case report
Authors: Jorizzo Matthew , Li Ryan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractFirst branchial cleft cysts are rare congenital abnormalities of the lateral neck. These anomalies can be a source of recurrent infection and require surgical excision as definitive treatment. This case report details the diagnosis and treatment of a first branchial cleft sinus with an associated duplicate external auditory canal.
Gallbladder volvulus
Authors: Abdelrahman Zeinab AbdelMohsen , Omar Razana Mohd , Mirza Salman , Türkmen Süha 
Published: April 2022

AbstractGallbladder volvulus is a rare entity. The condition results in rotation of the gallbladder on its mesentery along the axis of cystic duct and artery. Gallbladder volvulus is a condition in which the organ twists on its long axis to the point where its vascular supply is compromised.
Immunotherapy beyond cellular therapy in follicular lymphoma: A case of complete remission after failure of two CAR‐T
Authors: Kase Adam M. , Kharfan‐Dabaja Mohamed A. , Donaldson Andrew , Elliott Jamie , Sher Taimur 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPatients with relapsed follicular lymphoma who do not respond to CAR‐T have a poor outcome. We present a case of refractory follicular lymphoma who relapsed after two CAR‐T infusions and achieved a complete remission after treatment with obinutuzumab and lenalidomide. This represents a promising treatment option in the post‐CAR‐T setting.
Primary ovarian adenocarcinoma presenting with rubeotic glaucoma and vitritis: A case report
Authors: Abu‐Yaghi Nakhleh , Aljesrawi Asma , Alafeshat Manar , Mafrachi Baraa , Abu Shahin Nisreen 
Published: April 2022

AbstractOvarian adenocarcinoma is an unusual cause of head or brain metastasis and seeding to the eye ball is extremely rare. A high index of suspicion and a careful ophthalmic examination can guide the patient work up. In this particular case, rubeotic glaucoma and vitritis antedated the diagnosis of ovarian malignancy.
Estimation of Model Parameters in the Extraction of Cr(VI) from Wastewater by an Emulsion Liquid Membrane
Authors: Banerjee Saikat , Sivamani Selvaraju 
Published: April 2022

AbstractKinetic modeling of an emulsion liquid membrane for extraction of hexavalent chromium from wastewater was performed. The membrane was prepared by using Span 80, di‐(2‐ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid (D2EHPA), and kerosene as non‐ionic surfactant, carrier, and diluent, respectively. The rate constants of extraction and stripping phases were calculated by studying the effect of the concentration of HCl in the feed, the concentration of the carrier in the membrane, and the pH of the stripping phase. It was found that the rate of complex diffusion due to the difference between the extraction and stripping rates influences the transfer and Cr(VI) buildup in the membrane phase.
Short‐term dual antiplatelet therapy in diabetic patients admitted for acute coronary syndrome treated with a new‐generation drug‐eluting stent
Authors: Vranken Nousjka P. A. , Rasoul Saman , Luijkx Jasper J. P. , Pustjens Tobias F. S. , Postma Sonja , Kolkman Evelien J. , Kedhi Elvin , Rifqi Sodiqur , Lee Michael K. Y. , Ebelt Henning , Merkely Béla , Verdoia Monica , Wojakowski Wojtek , van ’t Hof Arnoud A. W. J. , Suryapranata Harry , De Luca Giuseppe 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe optimal duration of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) admitted with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and treated with a drug‐eluting stent (DES) remains unclear. This is a prespecified sub‐study from the Randomised Evaluation of short‐term DUal antiplatelet therapy in patients with acute Coronary syndromE treated with a new generation DES (REDUCE) trial that was designed to determine the efficacy and safety of short‐term versus standard 12 months DAPT in diabetic patients with ACS undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) using the COMBO stent.MethodsIn this study we included ACS diabetic patients enroled in the REDUCE trial treated with the COMBO stent and randomly assigned to either 3 or 12 months of DAPT. The primary study endpoint was the composite of all‐cause mortality, myocardial infarction (MI), stent thrombosis (ST), stroke, target vessel revascularisation (TVR), and bleeding complications at 12 and 24 months follow‐up.ResultsA total of 307 diabetic patients were included, of which 162 (52.8%) in the 3 months DAPT group and 145 (47.2%) in the 12 months DAPT group. Patient characteristics, PCI success, and number of stents used were similar in the 3 and 12 months DAPT groups. Occurrence of the primary study endpoint at 12 and 24 months follow‐up was comparable between the two groups (3.1 vs. 3.5%, p = 0.865, and 15.8 vs. 14.9%, p = 0.824, respectively). Moreover, the prevalence of the specific clinical outcome parameters (all‐cause mortality), MI, ST, stroke, TVR, and bleeding was similar in both study groups.ConclusionsThis sub‐analysis shows similar clinical outcomes following 3 months DAPT as compared to 12 months DAPT in diabetic patients undergoing PCI for ACS using the COMBO stent. These results suggest that, even in this particular subset of patients, short duration of DAPT might be considered safe. Future larger studies are warranted to provide more precise estimations in terms of safety and efficacy of short term DAPT in these high‐risk patients.