bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
BMI as a risk factor for the development of chronic rhinosinusitis: a prospective population-based study
Authors: Clarhed Ulrika K. E. , Schiöler Linus , Torén Kjell , Fell Anne Kristin M. , Hellgren Johan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPurposeObesity is a growing, global health problem and previous cross-sectional studies have demonstrated an association between obesity and chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). There is, however, a lack of prospective studies regarding the impact of obesity on developing (new-onset) CRS.MethodsQuestionnaire-based data (n = 5769) relating to new-onset CRS and Body Mass Index (BMI) were collected in 2013 and 2018 from the Telemark population study in Telemark, Norway. Odds ratios for the risk of new-onset CRS in 2018 in relation to BMI in 2013 were calculated, adjusted for smoking habits, asthma, gender and age.ResultsWhen comparing the group with normal weight (18.5 ≤ BMI < 25) with the obese group (BMI ≥ 30), the odds of new-onset CRS was 53% higher [OR 1.53 (1.11, 2.10)] in the obese group.ConclusionCRS is a multifactorial disease with different phenotypes and it is important to consider obesity when assessing patients with CRS in a clinical setting.
Survey highlighting the lack of consensus on diagnosis and treatment of patent ductus arteriosus in prematurity
Authors: Hundscheid Tim , El-Khuffash Afif , McNamara Patrick J. , de Boode Willem P. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractTo gain insight in the availability of guidelines, diagnostic criteria, and treatment strategies and whether clinical equipoise regarding optimal treatment for patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in prematurity is present. We hypothesized that (co-)authors of PDA-related papers were more likely to screen for a PDA and would treat earlier and more aggressively. An international internet-based survey between September 2019 and March 2020 in which we collected (1) baseline characteristics; (2) availability of guidelines; (3) screening strategy for PDA; (4) diagnostic criteria for hemodynamic significance; (5) treatment strategy; and (6) metrics of treatment efficacy. Finally, ten clinical equipoise statements were posed on a Likert scale. In total, 144 surveys were sent, of which 71/144 (49%) surveys could be analyzed with 56/71 (79%) fully completed surveys. The respondents, mainly neonatologists in a level III neonatal intensive care unit, of whom 36/71 (51%) had (co-)authored a publication on the PDA, highlighted a lack of national guidelines, heterogeneous approach to screening strategies, and marked variability in diagnostic criteria to assess hemodynamic significance, treatment strategies and effect measurement. No major significant differences were observed between respondents who did or did not (co-)author a publication on the PDA. Respondents who screened for PDA scored significantly higher on the need for screening, early and aggressive treatment. Remarkably, the scores of all statements regarding clinical equipoise varied widely. Conclusions: Our survey highlights the lack of guidelines and enormous heterogeneity in current practice. Current evidence is not robust enough to harmonize current treatment strategies into (inter)national guidelines.

What is Known:• Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) incidence is inversely related to gestational age.• Although early pharmacological treatment induces PDA closure, optimal treatment is debated due to the lack of beneficial effects on outcome.

What is New:• In the absence of (inter)national guidelines, diagnostic and treatment strategies are heterogeneous and contradictory, even in a selected hemodynamically- interested group.• Different PDA screening strategies did, while PDA publication status did not, show significant differences in treatment strategy and responses to equipoise statements.
Three methods to generalize Pawlak approximations via simply open concepts with economic applications
Authors: El-Bably Mostafa K. , El-Sayed Mohammad 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe generalizations of rough sets based on topological structures have become the hot topic of rough set theory. In the present article, based on the notion of $$j$$
j
-neighborhood space and the related concept of $$j$$
j
-simply open sets, three new methods for generalizing Pawlak rough sets are proposed and their properties are studied. These methods are compared with some of the previous methods. Moreover, we prove that the suggested approaches are more accurate than the other methods and then these approaches may be useful in real-life applications. Finally, an economic application in decision-making is introduced as a simple practical example to demonstrate the ideas proposed. It is providing a comparison between the proposed methods with already existing in the literature.
Successful treatment of acquired von Willebrand syndrome associated with monoclonal gammopathy
Authors: Jeryczynski Georg , Agis Hermine , Eichinger-Hasenauer Sabine , Krauth Maria Theresa 
Published: March 2022

SummaryAcquired von Willebrand syndrome is exceedingly rare and accounts for only 1–3% of von Willebrand disease cases. In this short report, we present our own cases of acquired von Willebrand syndrome associated with monoclonal gammopathy. Both cases went into complete and sustained remission after intensive antimyeloma treatment. The first patient was not deemed fit for autologous stem cell transplantation and was managed with an extensive multidrug combination including daratumumab, carfilzomib, lenalidomide, cyclophosphamide and dexamethasone. After at least VGPR was achieved the coagulation studies rapidly normalized and remained normal after treatment de-escalation to lenalidomide/dexamethasone maintenance. The second patient successfully underwent ASCT after 5 cycles of induction with daratumumab, bortezomib, cyclophosphamide and dexamethasone and has remained in full hematologic and hemostaseologic remission ever since.The two cases highlight the efficacy of aggressive antimyeloma treatment in monoclonal gammopathy-associated acquired von Willebrand syndrome to achieve normalization of coagulation study, providing a possible way to manage these patients.
An exploration of wellbeing in men diagnosed with prostate cancer undergoing active surveillance: a qualitative study
Authors: Eymech Omar , Brunckhorst Oliver , Fox Louis , Jawaid Anam , Van Hemelrijck Mieke , Stewart Robert , Dasgupta Prokar , Ahmed Kamran 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose
There is a growing emphasis on improving quality of life of people with prostate cancer. However, those undergoing active surveillance remain underrepresented in the literature with less known about their unique challenges. Therefore, we aimed to explore their lived experiences post diagnosis and its effect on their mental, social, and physical wellbeing.

Methods
Qualitative semi-structured interviews were conducted with 13 men undergoing active surveillance for low-risk disease. Thematic analysis was used to inductively co-construct themes through the lens of the biopsychosocial model.

Results
Mental wellbeing was strongly affected in our participants due to the overwhelming emotional impact of their diagnosis resulting in an ‘Emotional Diagnostic Disequilibrium’. Informational awareness and education about prostate cancer helped patients with ‘Recognition of the Impact’. Patients experienced an ‘Unsettling Monitoring Cycle’ due to the increased fear and anxiety around PSA monitoring appointments, with some men ignoring their mental wellbeing needs as their disease is ‘A Future Problem’. ‘Concealment of Diagnosis’ left many feeling isolated and highlighted an important coping mechanisms in the ‘Importance of a Social Support Network’ theme. Finally, physical health mostly changed through alterations in health behaviour, leading to ‘A Healthier Lifestyle’ with increasing attribution of physical symptoms to age through ‘Symptomatic Overshadowing’.

Conclusion
The greatest disease impact on men’s wellbeing was at the time of diagnosis, with a subsequent cyclical anxiety and fear of disease progression prominent around monitoring appointments. Future research should explore ways to better support patients with these issues and at these times, improving their quality of life.
Model-driven management of BPMN-based business process families
Authors: Delgado Andrea , Calegari Daniel , García Félix , Weber Barbara 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBusiness processes can have variants depending on specific business requirements, which lead to the definition of a so-called business process family. Since conventional business process modeling languages, e.g., the Business Process Model and Notation (BPMN), do not explicitly support variants’ specification, several proposals have emerged to deal with it. However, they mainly focus on languages’ definition, while less emphasis is made on providing complete variability management. This article presents a Model-Driven Engineering approach for managing BPMN-based business process families composed of a metamodel for conceptualizing process families, a high-level process for managing them (involving model transformations for the configuration of variants), and tool support for the complete approach. We validated the proposal using a real-world example from a university and an empirical study with real users. Users rated the support tool’s principal functional suitability and usability features as very good. Many improvement opportunities were detected, e.g., version control, collaborative work, and error reporting. We also provide a literature review and thorough evaluation of BPMN-based business process families’ proposals using the VIVACE framework.
Georg Friedrich Knapp und die Modern Monetary Theory
Authors: Greitens Jan 
Published: March 2022

ZusammenfassungAus Anlass der Wiederveröffentlichung des Sonderhefts „Georg Friedrich Knapp — ein literarisches Bildnis“ im Wirtschaftsdienst zum 80. Geburtstag von Knapp vor genau 100 Jahren wird der Versuch unternommen, Person und Werk des Wissenschaftlers aus heutiger Sicht zu würdigen und die aktuelle Kontroverse um ihn zu beleuchten, denn die Modern Monetary Theory sieht in Knapp ihren Ursprung.
2-Arachidonoylglycerol Attenuates Myocardial Fibrosis in Diabetic Mice Via the TGF-β1/Smad Pathway
Authors: Chen Zhengjie , Zheng Liangyu , Chen Gang 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DM) is the cause of late cardiac dysfunction in diabetic patients. Myocardial fibrosis is the main pathological mechanism, and it is associated with transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1) expression up-regulation. 2-Arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) is an endogenous cannabinoid that can effectively improve myocardial cell energy metabolism and cardiac function. Here, we evaluated the protective effect of 2-AG on diabetic cardiomyopathy.

Methods
Male C57BL/6 mice were injected with 2-AG intraperitoneally for 4 weeks (10 micro g/kg/day) after 12 weeks of diabetic modeling. After 4 weeks, heart function was evaluated by echocardiography. Heart structure was assessed by hematoxylin and eosin staining. Cardiac fibrosis was analyzed using immunohistochemistry, Sirius red stain, and western blot.

Results
After modeling in diabetic mice, cardiac ultrasonography showed decreased cardiac function and pathological findings showed myocardial fibrosis. 2-AG could effectively inhibit the up-regulation of TGF-β1 and Smad2/3, reduce myocardial fibrosis, and ultimately improve cardiac function in diabetic mice.

Conclusion
2-AG reduces cardiac fibrosis via the TGF-β1/Smad2/3 pathway and is a potential pathway for the treatment of cardiac dysfunction in diabetic mice.
Effects of Nature (Greenspace) on Cognitive Functioning in School Children and Adolescents: a Systematic Review
Authors: Vella-Brodrick Dianne A. , Gilowska Krystyna 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThere is growing interest in understanding the extent to which natural environments can influence learning particularly in school contexts. Nature has the potential to relieve cognitive overload, reduce stress and increase wellbeing—all factors that are conducive to learning. This paper provides a PRISMA-guided systematic review of the literature examining the effects of nature interventions on the cognitive functioning of young people aged 5 to 18 years. Examples of nature interventions include outdoor learning, green playgrounds, walks in nature, plants in classrooms and nature views from classroom windows. These can vary in duration and level of interaction (passive or active). Experimental and quasi-experimental studies with comparison groups that employed standardized cognitive measures were selected, yielding 12 studies from 11 papers. Included studies were rated as being of high (n = 10) or moderate quality (n = 2) and most involved short-term nature interventions. Results provide substantial support for cognitive benefits of nature interventions regarding selective attention, sustained attention and working memory. Underlying mechanisms for the benefits were also explored, including enhanced wellbeing, cognitive restoration and stress reduction—all likely to be contributors to the nature-cognition relationship. The cognitive effects of nature interventions were also examined according to age and school level with some differences evident. Findings from this systematic review show promise that providing young people with opportunities to connect with nature, particularly in educational settings, can be conducive to enhanced cognitive functioning. Schools are well placed to provide much needed ‘green’ educational settings and experiences to assist with relieving cognitive overload and stress and to optimize wellbeing and learning.
Will you come back to contribute? Investigating the inactivity of OSS core developers in GitHub
Authors: Calefato Fabio , Gerosa Marco Aurélio , Iaffaldano Giuseppe , Lanubile Filippo , Steinmacher Igor 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSeveral Open-Source Software (OSS) projects depend on the continuity of their development communities to remain sustainable. Understanding how developers become inactive or why they take breaks can help communities prevent abandonment and incentivize developers to come back. In this paper, we propose a novel method to identify developers’ inactive periods by analyzing the individual rhythm of contributions to the projects. Using this method, we quantitatively analyze the inactivity of core developers in 18 OSS organizations hosted on GitHub. We also survey core developers to receive their feedback about the identified breaks and transitions. Our results show that our method was effective for identifying developers’ breaks. About 94% of the surveyed core developers agreed with our state model of inactivity; 71% and 79% of them acknowledged their breaks and state transition, respectively. We also show that all core developers take breaks (at least once) and about a half of them (~45%) have completely disengaged from a project for at least one year. We also analyzed the probability of transitions to/from inactivity and found that developers who pause their activity have a ~35 to ~55% chance to return to an active state; yet, if the break lasts for a year or longer, then the probability of resuming activities drops to ~21–26%, with a ~54% chance of complete disengagement. These results may support the creation of policies and mechanisms to make OSS community managers aware of breaks and potential project abandonment.
In the Shadow of Rawls: Egalitarianism Today
Authors: Stone Peter 
Published: March 2022

AbstractTwo recent collections of papers—Social Equality: On What It Means to Be Equals, edited by Carina Fourie, Fabian Schuppert, and Ivo Wallimann-Helmer (Fourie et al. 2015) and The Equal Society: Essays on Equality in Theory and Practice, edited by George Hull (Hull 2015)—demonstrate well the wide diversity of perspectives on egalitarianism within political theory today. But there are unifying themes amidst all this diversity. In particular, these collections make plain the extent to which contemporary egalitarianism in all forms is indebted to Rawls. This debt is reflected, for example, in the luck egalitarianism/social egalitarian debate which plays a central role in both books. It is also reflected in the concern so many contemporary egalitarians have for respect and its social basis. But while egalitarianism today owes much to Rawls, this does not mean that Rawls has nothing left to contribute to the conversation. This essay will argue that a return to Rawls can help contemporary egalitarians avoid taking their debates in certain unproductive directions.
Characterization of Spanish River Carbonatite (SRC) for agricultural fertilizer
Authors: Valladares L. De Los Santos , Kooyip J. H. Jhoncon , Borja-Castro L. E. , Valerio-Cuadros M. I. , Valencia-Bedregal R. A. , Velazquez-Garcia J. J. , Aguilar C. Villanueva , Barnes C. H. W. , Dominguez A. G. Bustamante 
Published: March 2022

AbstractCarbonatite is an igneous rock that is composed mainly of carbonate minerals and silicates. It is recently applied as fertilizer due to its high content of calcite and dolomite. This study presents a physical and chemical characterization of the Spanish River Carbonatite (SRC) and its application as fertilizer is tested. The chemical composition obtained by X-ray fluorescence and Energy Dispersive X-ray analyses indicates that Ca, Fe and Si are the main contained elements. Calcite and SiO2 are the principal mineralogical phases as detected by X-ray diffraction. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirms the presence of calcite, silicates and also organic material and water. It also suggests the presence of vermiculite. Thermal analysis reveals only a one-step reaction that corresponds to the decomposition of calcite. Mössbauer spectroscopy performed at room temperature do not show magnetic order between the iron moments instead it shows Fe2+ and Fe3+ doublets in M1 and M2 octahedral sites belonging to vermiculite. At 50 K, we observe that the isomer shift increases their values due to the second order Doppler shift. SQUID magnetometry measurements reveal that most of the sample contains paramagnetic domains assigned to the silicates and calcite components. However, under low applied fields, a tiny signal for Verwey transition appears at 124 K (suggesting the presence of magnetite) although screened by the strong paramagnetic signal of the main components. The SRC has been tested as potential fertilizer on sweet cucumber (Solanum muricatum) which responded positively to the application to carbonatite as an amendment, expressing itself in high foliar biomass.
Between Charity and Protest. The Politicisation of Refugee Support Volunteers
Authors: Monforte Pierre , Maestri Gaja 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis article examines how refugee support volunteers based in Britain and in France negotiate the boundaries between charity (or humanitarian) action and social activism since the 2015 ‘refugee crisis’. Scholarly literature has often separated charity and humanitarian action from social activism, as the former is seen as lacking the goal of social and political change that characterises the latter. The set of 147 in-depth interviews we conducted in different British and French refugee support charities and networks reveals the complex relationship between charity and protest. Through the focus on the moral dilemmas that participants encounter throughout their experience in the field, this article aims to highlight the ambivalences of their engagement as well as its transformative potential. Our analysis shows how participants develop new cognitive frames, emotions and interpersonal relations that transform their engagement and lead them to link charity/humanitarian action with broader objectives of social and political change. More generally, our analysis highlights the processes through which participants construct political narratives that aim to challenge state-driven policies and discourses of “migration management”. This article aims to contribute to the reflection about the informal character of the forms of participation analysed in this special issue, through the focus on the moral dilemmas and the “quiet” and “unexceptional” politics of volunteering.
Evolution of Support Vector Machine and Regression Modeling in Chemoinformatics and Drug Discovery
Authors: Rodríguez-Pérez Raquel , Bajorath Jürgen 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe support vector machine (SVM) algorithm is one of the most widely used machine learning (ML) methods for predicting active compounds and molecular properties. In chemoinformatics and drug discovery, SVM has been a state-of-the-art ML approach for more than a decade. A unique attribute of SVM is that it operates in feature spaces of increasing dimensionality. Hence, SVM conceptually departs from the paradigm of low dimensionality that applies to many other methods for chemical space navigation. The SVM approach is applicable to compound classification, and ranking, multi-class predictions, and –in algorithmically modified form– regression modeling. In the emerging era of deep learning (DL), SVM retains its relevance as one of the premier ML methods in chemoinformatics, for reasons discussed herein. We describe the SVM methodology including strengths and weaknesses and discuss selected applications that have contributed to the evolution of SVM as a premier approach for compound classification, property predictions, and virtual compound screening.
TCRαβ-Depleted Haploidentical Grafts Are a Safe Alternative to HLA-Matched Unrelated Donor Stem Cell Transplants for Infants with Severe Combined Immunodeficiency
Authors: Tsilifis Christo , Lum Su Han , Nademi Zohreh , Hambleton Sophie , Flood Terence J. , Williams Eleri J. , Owens Stephen , Abinun Mario , Cant Andrew J. , Slatter Mary A. , Gennery Andrew R. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and gene therapy are the only curative therapies for severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID). In patients lacking a matched donor, TCRαβ/CD19-depleted haploidentical family donor transplant (TCRαβ-HaploSCT) is a promising strategy. Conditioned transplant in SCID correlates to better myeloid chimerism and reduced immunoglobulin dependency. We studied transplant outcome in SCID infants according to donor type, specifically TCRαβ-HaploSCT, and conditioning, through retrospective cohort analysis of 52 consecutive infants with SCID transplanted between 2013 and 2020. Median age at transplant was 5.1 months (range, 0.8–16.6). Donors were TCRαβ-HaploSCT (n = 16, 31.4%), matched family donor (MFD, n = 15, 29.4%), matched unrelated donor (MUD, n = 9, 17.6%), and matched unrelated cord blood (CB, n = 11, 21.6%). Forty-one (80%) received fludarabine/treosulfan-based conditioning, 3 (6%) had alemtuzumab only, and 7 (14%) received unconditioned infusions. For conditioned transplants (n = 41), 3-year overall survival was 91% (95% confidence interval, 52–99%) for TCRαβ-HaploSCT, 80% (41–98%) for MFD, 87% (36–98%) for MUD, and 89% (43–98%) for CB (p = 0.89). Cumulative incidence of grade II–IV acute graft-versus-host disease was 11% (2–79%) after TCRαβ-HaploSCT, 0 after MFD, 29% (7–100%) after MUD, and 11% (2–79%) after CB (p = 0.10). 9/10 patients who received alemtuzumab-only or unconditioned transplants survived. Myeloid chimerism was higher following conditioning (median 47%, range 0–100%) versus unconditioned transplant (median 3%, 0–9%) (p < 0.001), as was the proportion of immunoglobulin-free long-term survivors (n = 29/36, 81% vs n = 4/9, 54%) (p < 0.001). TCRαβ-HaploSCT has comparable outcome to MUD and is a promising alternative donor strategy for infants with SCID lacking MFD. This study confirms that conditioned transplant offers better myeloid chimerism and immunoglobulin freedom in long-term survivors.