bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Psychometric properties of the Czech version of the brief Older People Quality of Life questionnaire (OPQoL-brief)
Authors: Bužgová Radka , Kozáková Radka , Zeleníková Renáta , Bobčíková Katka 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
To evaluate the established interventions used for older adults, it is appropriate to use validated questionnaires for quality-of-life assessment. For older people, it is suitable to use specific questionnaires designed for old age and aging, with a lower number of questions. The aim of this research was to verify the psychometric properties of the Czech version of the OPQoL-brief questionnaire for seniors living in home environment in a community so that it can be used within the Czech Republic.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was performed on older adults in the Moravian-Silesian Region living at home. The study included 954 senior citizens (≥ 65 years, cognitively intact) (without diagnosed dementia, able to sign an informed consent). To test the psychometric properties of the created questionnaire, we tested the validity (construct validity, discriminant validity, convergent validity) and reliability (internal consistency, test–retest reliability).

Results
The single-factor model of the OPQoL-brief scale (CFI = 0.971, TLI = 0.959, RMSEA = 0.061, SRMR = 0.034, GFI = 0.960) was confirmed, for which excellent reliability was found (α = 0.921, ICC = 0.904). An inter-item correlation exceeding 0.5 was found for all items. Furthermore, a significant correlation was found between the overall score of OPQoL-brief and the scales measuring depression (r =  − 0.520; p < 0.001), anxiety (r =  − 0.355; p < 0.001), sense of coherence (r = 0.427; p < 0.001), and self-esteem (r = 0.428; p < 0.001).

Conclusion
The results of our research revealed that the shorter Czech version of the OPQoL-brief questionnaire has appropriate reliability and validity and can be recommended for both health and social services to assess the quality of life of senior citizens in a community.
Psychometric evaluation of a short-form version of the Swedish “Attitudes to and Knowledge of Oral Health” questionnaire
Authors: Snogren Maria , Pakpour Amir H. , Eriksson Irene , Stensson Malin , Ek Kristina , Browall Maria 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Healthcare professionals’ attitudes to and knowledge of oral health are fundamental to providing good oral health care to older adults. One instrument that assesses healthcare professionals’ attitudes to and knowledge of oral health in a Swedish context is the “Attitudes to and Knowledge of Oral health” (AKO) questionnaire. Two of the three item-groups of the AKO have previously been validated in a Swedish context. However, it is crucial that all three item-groups are validated, and beneficial to design a shorter, easy-to-use questionnaire for healthcare professionals while maintaining adequate integrity of its reliability and validity. Therefore, the present study aims to develop a short-form version of AKO and to secure its psychometric properties.

Methods
Psychometric evaluation with Classical Test Theory and Item Response Theory to validate and shorten AKO with 611 healthcare professionals from a population of 1159 working in a municipality in an urban area in western Sweden.

Results
Of the original 16 items in the AKO, 13 were shown to warrant retention in the abbreviated/shortened form. These showed acceptable validity and reliability for assessing healthcare professionals’ attitudes to and knowledge of oral health.

Conclusion
This validated short-form version of AKO shows acceptable validity and reliability after being reduced to 13 items, structured in a 3-part scale. The items are consistent with the total scale, indicating that the internal consistency is acceptable. Future studies should be performed to evaluate AKO in other groups of healthcare professionals, across cultures, languages, and so on, to investigate its use and strengthen its validity and reliability.
Combined conventional speech therapy and functional electrical stimulation in acute stroke patients with dyphagia: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Matos Klayne Cunha , de Oliveira Vanessa Fernandes , de Oliveira Paula Luanna Carvalho , Carvalho Fabíola Aureliano , de Mesquita Maria Renata Matos , da Silva Queiroz Camila Gabriella , Marques Levi Mota , Lima Débora Lilian Nascimento , Carvalho Fernanda Martins Maia , Braga-Neto Pedro 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Stroke is the main cause of oropharyngeal neurogenic dysphagia. Electrostimulation has been used as a therapeutic tool in these cases. However, there are few studies that prove its effectiveness. We evaluated the effect of functional electrostimulation as a complement to conventional speech therapy in patients with dysphagia after a stroke in a stroke unit.

Methods
We performed a clinical, randomized, and controlled trial divided into intervention group (IG) (n = 16) and control group (CG) (n = 17). All patients were treated with conventional speech therapy, and the IG also was submitted to the functional electrotherapy. Primary outcomes were Functional Oral Ingestion Scale (FOIS) and Swallowing videoendoscopy (FEES). The degree of dysphagia was scored in functional, mild, moderate and severe dysphagia according to FEES procedure. Dysphagia Risk Evaluation Protocol (DREP) was considered a secondary outcome.

Results
There was a significant difference regarding FOIS scores after 5 days of intervention in groups. Both groups also showed a tendency to improve dysphagia levels measured by FEES, although not statistically significant. Improvements on oral feeding was seen in both groups. No significant differences between groups before and after the intervention were detected by DREP scores. Electrical stimulation did not show additional benefits beyond conventional therapy when comparing outcomes between groups.

Conclusion
Conventional speech therapy improved oral ingestion even regardless the use of electrostimulation in a stroke unit.

Trial registration
This research was registered in ClinicalTrials.gov (Identifier: NCT03649295) in 28/08/2018 and in the Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials (ReBEC) (Register Number: RBR-56QK5J), approval date: 18/12/2018. HGF Ethics Committee Approval Number: N. 2.388.931.
Patterns of adverse childhood experiences and associations with prenatal substance use and poor infant outcomes in a multi-country cohort of mothers: a latent class analysis
Authors: Hemady Chad Lance , Speyer Lydia Gabriela , Murray Aja Louise , Brown Ruth Harriet , Meinck Franziska , Fry Deborah , Do Huyen , Sikander Siham , Madrid Bernadette , Fernando Asvini , Walker Susan , Dunne Michael , Foley Sarah , Hughes Claire , Osafo Joseph , Baban Adriana , Taut Diana , Ward Catherine L. , Van Thang Vo , Fearon Pasco , Tomlinson Mark , Valdebenito Sara , Eisner Manuel 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundThis paper enumerates and characterizes latent classes of adverse childhood experiences and investigates how they relate to prenatal substance use (i.e., smoking, alcohol, and other drugs) and poor infant outcomes (i.e., infant prematurity and low birthweight) across eight low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).MethodsA total of 1189 mother-infant dyads from the Evidence for Better Lives Study cohort were recruited. Latent class analysis using the Bolck, Croon, and Hagenaars (BCH) 3-step method with auxiliary multilevel logistic regressions was performed.ResultsThree high-risk classes and one low-risk class emerged: (1)highly maltreated(7%,n = 89), (2) emotionally and physically abused with intra-familial violence exposure(13%,n = 152), (3),emotionally abused(40%,n = 474), and (4)low household dysfunction and abuse(40%,n = 474). Pairwise comparisons between classes indicate higher probabilities of prenatal drug use in thehighlymaltreated andemotionally abusedclasses compared with thelow household dysfunction and abuseclass. Additionally, theemotionally and physically abused with intra-familial violence exposureclass had higher probability of low birthweight than the three remaining classes.ConclusionOur results highlight the multifaceted nature of ACEs and underline the potential importance of exposure to childhood adversities on behaviors and outcomes in the perinatal period. This can inform the design of antenatal support to better address these challenges.
Snotwatch: an ecological analysis of the relationship between febrile seizures and respiratory virus activity
Authors: Sawires Rana , Kuldorff Martin , Fahey Michael , Clothier Hazel , Buttery Jim 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Febrile seizures are the commonest type of seizure in occurring in the first few years of life, mostly affecting children aged six months to five years old. While largely benign, the incidence of each febrile seizure increases the risk of recurrence, afebrile seizures and epilepsy. Viruses are the most frequent cause of febrile illnesses in which a febrile seizure occurs. Febrile seizure presentation patterns appear to follow a seasonal trend.

Aims
To identify patterns of febrile seizure incidence across different seasons with specific viral activity, and to establish a framework for analysing virus circulation data with common illnesses within a shared region and population.

Setting
Our study was a study of febrile seizure presentations in Victoria, Australia and respiratory virus detection.

Participants
We obtained independent datasets of emergency department febrile seizure presentations at Monash Health and all respiratory multiplex PCR tests performed at Monash Health from January 2010–December 2019 to observe common trends in virus circulation and febrile seizure incidence.

Study design
Trends were studied temporally through mixed effects Poisson regression analysis of the monthly incidence of febrile seizures and the rate of positive PCR tests. Peak viral seasons (95th centile incidence) were compared to median viral circulation (50th centile incidence) to calculate peak season risk ratios.

Results
We found a 1.75–2.06 annual risk ratio of febrile seizure incidence in June–September. Temporal analysis of our data showed this peak in febrile seizures was attributable to circulating viruses in this season, and virus modelling showed correlation with increased rates of positive Influenza A (1.48 peak season risk ratio), Influenza B (1.31 peak season risk ratio), Human metapneumovirus (1.19 peak season risk ratio) and Respiratory Syncytial Virus (1.53 peak season risk ratio) on PCR testing.

Conclusion
Our ecological study statistically demonstrates the recognised winter peak in febrile seizure incidence and ascribes the seasonal relationship to several viral infections which affect the community, including a novel association with Human metapneumovirus.
Suicide attempt-related emergency department visits among adolescents: a nationwide population-based study in Korea, 2016–2019
Authors: Lee Kyung-Shin , Lim Daesung , Paik Jong-Woo , Choi Youn Young , Jeon Jaehyun , Sung Ho Kyung 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
The incidence of adolescent suicide in Korea is increasing; however, nationwide data regarding short-term prediction of suicide attempts (SAs) is still limited. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the incidence of SA-related annual emergency department (ED) visits among adolescents in Korea from 2016 to 2019 and to summarize the corresponding demographic and clinical characteristics based on the dispositions of SA-related ED visits.

Methods
Most referral hospitals provide relevant essential ED information to the National Emergency Medical Center through the National Emergency Department Information System (NEDIS). We analyzed NEDIS data on adolescent visits (aged < 20 years) for a 4-year period from 2016 to 2019. Patients were classified into the discharge and hospitalization groups for comparison, and jointpoint regression analysis was used to identify the years in which there was a change in annual percentage change (APC) in age- and sex-standardized incidence rates of SA-related ED visits. The characteristics of patients in the discharge group and hospitalization group subgroups were also compared.

Results
The APC in the incidence rate of SA-related ED visits in the 4-year study period revealed a 35.61% increase. The incidence rate increase was higher among females (APC: 46.26%) than among males (APC: 17.95%). Moreover, the incidence rate increased faster in mid-adolescence patients (APC: 51.12%) than in late-adolescence patients (APC: 26.98%). The proportion of poisoning as the SA method was 69.7% in the hospitalization group and 34.5% in the discharge group (p < 0.001).

Discussion
Our findings suggest that an increase in the number of SA-related ED visits among female and mid-adolescent patients represented the largest increase in SA-related ED visits from 2016 to 2019. Accordingly, evidence-based suicide prevention programs need to be customized based on sex and age, and further diversification of health care systems is needed through analysis of the characteristics of the dispositions of SA-related ED visits.
Lung function and exercise capacity 6 months after hospital discharge for critical COVID-19
Authors: Kattainen Salla , Lindahl Anna , Vasankari Tuula , Ollila Henriikka , Volmonen Kirsi , Piirilä Päivi , Kauppi Paula , Paajanen Juuso , Kreivi Hanna-Riikka , Ulenius Linda , Varpula Tero , Aro Miia , Reijula Jere , Hästbacka Johanna 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
The significant morbidity caused by COVID-19 necessitates further understanding of long-term recovery. Our aim was to evaluate long-term lung function, exercise capacity, and radiological findings in patients after critical COVID-19.

Methods
Patients who received treatment in ICU for COVID-19 between March 2020 and January 2021 underwent pulmonary function tests, a 6MWD and CXR 6 months after hospital discharge.

Results
A restrictive ventilatory defect was found in 35% (23/65) and an impaired diffusing capacity in 52% (32/62) at 6 months. The 6-minute walk distance was reduced in 33% (18/55), and 7% (4/55) of the patients had reduced exercise capacity. Chest X-ray was abnormal in 78% (52/67) at 6 months after hospital discharge.

Conclusion
A significant number of patients had persisting lung function impairment and radiological abnormalities at 6 months after critical COVID-19. Reduced exercise capacity was rare.
Type A thymoma: a rare cause of neoplastic cardiac tamponade with long-term survival
Authors: Takashima Mika , Kagawa Kozo , Sawada Toru , Hino Hiroyuki , Naruse Keishi , Takeuchi Eiji , Sakiyama Shoji , Shinohara Tsutomu 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
The prognosis of thymoma with cardiac tamponade is generally poor. Most of the reported thymomas with cardiac tamponade were type B or type AB (mixed thymoma), and cardiac tamponade due to type A thymoma, which has a better prognosis compared to type B thymoma, is extremely rare.

Case presentation
We encountered a case of cardiac tamponade in a 71-year-old male. He visited our emergency department due to exacerbation of fatigue and dyspnea on exertion that lasted for two weeks. Chest imaging revealed a large amount of pericardial fluid and a contrast-enhanced tumor with calcification in the anterior mediastinum. The patient underwent thoracoscopic tumor biopsy and pathological examinations revealed type A thymoma. In this case, long-term disease-free survival (7.5 years) was achieved by multidisciplinary treatment (preoperative chemotherapy, surgical excision, and postoperative radiation therapy), in accordance with the histological type.

Conclusions
This case indicates that neoplastic cardiac tamponade, even in elderly patients, should not necessarily be regarded as a terminal cancer and requires a systematic investigation for underlying causes.
Associations between depressive symptoms, socio-economic factors, traumatic exposure and recent intimate partner violence experiences among women in Zimbabwe: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Machisa Mercilene , Shamu Simukai 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Population-based research on the cumulative effects of socio-economic conditions and trauma exposures, particularly women’s experiences of intimate partner violence (IPV) on their mental health in Zimbabwe, has been limited.

Aim
Our study aimed to determine the associations between depressive symptoms and socio-economic factors, IPV, and traumatic exposures among a nationally representative sample of women from Zimbabwe.

Methods
Data was collected from 2905 women who volunteered to participate in a survey that had a multi-stage random sampling design. Depression was measured using the Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CESD). Traumatic exposures included childhood trauma, life events, and experiences of IPV in the past year. We compared mean depression scores for different categories of variables, conducted linear regression modelling to investigate the bivariate and multivariate associations between variables and depressive symptoms’ outcomes, and applied Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) to investigate the inter-relationships between variables and depressive symptoms’ outcomes.

Results
Fifteen percent of women self-reported depressive symptoms (CESD score ≥ 21). Higher depressive symptomatology was associated with lower socio-economic status, experiencing IPV, history of childhood and other traumatic events, experiencing non-partner rape, and HIV positive status. Women who could find money in an emergency and sought informal or professional emotional support were less at risk of severe depressive symptoms. Conversely, seeking informal and formal social support was positively associated with more severe depressive symptoms.

Conclusion
This study contributes evidence showing that economic hardship, exposure to traumas including IPV, living with HIV, and low social support have a cumulative negative toll on mental health among Zimbabwean women from the general population. Programmes and services that respond to the mental ill-health effects reported by Zimbabwean women and prevention interventions that tackle the multiple risk factors for depression that we have identified must be prioritised.
Relationships and gender differences within and between assessments used in Swedish home rehabilitation – a cross-sectional study
Authors: Johansson Anette , Torgé Cristina Joy , Fristedt Sofi , Bravell Marie Ernsth 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Home rehabilitation programmes are increasingly implemented in many countries to promote independent living. Home rehabilitation should include a comprehensive assessment of functioning, but the scientific knowledge about the assessment instruments used in this context is limited. The aim of this study was to explore relationships between standardised tests and a self-reported questionnaire used in a home rehabilitation programme. We specifically studied whether there were gender differences within and between assessments.

Method
De-identified data from 302 community-dwelling citizens that participated in a municipal home rehabilitation project in Sweden was analysed. A Mann Whitney test and an independent t-test were used to analyse differences within the following assessment instruments: the Sunnaas Activity of Daily Living Index, the General Motor Function assessment scale and the European Quality of Life Five Dimension Five Level Scale. Spearman’s bivariate correlation test was used to analyse relationships between the instruments, and a Fischer’s Z test was performed to compare the strengths of the correlation coefficients.

Result
Gender differences were found both within and between the assessment instruments. Women were more independent in instrumental activities of daily living than men. The ability to reach down and touch one’s toes while performing personal activities of daily living was stronger for men. There was a difference between men’s self-reported performance of usual activities that included instrumental activities of daily living and the standardised assessment in performing instrumental activities of daily living. The result also showed an overall difference between the self-reported assessment and the standardised test of motor function for the total group.

Conclusion
The results indicate that a comprehensive assessment with the combination of standardised tests, questionnaires and patient-specific instruments should be considered in a home rehabilitation context in order to capture different dimensions of functioning. Assessment instruments that facilitate a person-centred home rehabilitation supporting personally meaningful activities for both men and women should be applied in daily practice. Further research about gender-biased instruments is needed to facilitate agreement on which specific instruments to use at both individual and organisation levels to promote gender-neutral practice.
A risk score model based on TGF-β pathway-related genes predicts survival, tumor microenvironment and immunotherapy for liver hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Liao Jingsheng , Liu Qi , Chen Jingtang , Lu Zhibin , Mo Huiting , Jia Jun 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) signal is an important pathway involved in all stages of liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC) initiation and progression. Therefore, targeting TGF- β pathway may be a potential therapeutic strategy for LIHC. Prediction of patients’ tumor cells response requires effective biomarkers.

Methods
From 54 TGF-β-related genes, this research determined the genes showing the greatest relation to LIHC prognosis, and developed a risk score model with 8 TGF-β-related genes. The model divided LIHC patients from different datasets and platforms into low- and high-risk groups. Multivariate Cox regression analysis confirmed that the model was an independent prognostic factor for LIHC. The differences in genetic mutation, immune cell infiltration, biological pathway, response to immunotherapy or chemotherapy, and tumor microenvironment in LIHC samples showing different risks were analyzed.

Results
Compared with low-risk group, in the training set and test set, high-risk group showed shorter survival, lower stromal score and higher M0 macrophages scores, regulatory T cells (Tregs), helper follicular T cells. Moreover, high-risk samples showed higher sensitivity to cisplatin, imatinib, sorafenib and salubrinal and pyrimethamine. High-risk group demonstrated a significantly higher Tumor Immune Dysfunction and Exclusion (TIDE) score, but would significantly benefit less from taking immunotherapy and was less likely to respond to immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Conclusions
In general, this work provided a risk scoring model based on 8 TGF-β pathway-related genes, which might be a new potential tool for predicting LIHC.