bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Usability Evaluation of the Preoperative ISBAR (Identification, Situation, Background, Assessment, and Recommendation) Desktop Virtual Reality Application: Qualitative Observational Study
Authors: Andreasen Eva Mari , Høigaard Rune , Berg Helen , Steinsbekk Aslak , Haraldstad Kristin 
Published: November 2022

Background
Systematic communication, such as the ISBAR (identification, situation, background, assessment, recommendation) approach, comprises a generic, transferable nontechnical skill. It can be used during the handover of patients set to undergo surgery and can be practiced in various ways, including virtual reality (VR). VR increasingly has been implemented and valued in nursing education as a positive contribution to teach students about pre- and postoperative nursing. A new nonimmersive 3D learning activity called the Preoperative ISBAR Desktop VR Application has been developed for undergraduate nursing students to learn preoperative handover using the ISBAR approach. However, the usability of this learning activity has not been studied.

Objective
This study aimed to investigate how second-year undergraduate nursing students evaluated the usability of the Preoperative ISBAR Desktop VR Application.

Methods
This was a qualitative study with observation and interviews. The inclusion criteria were undergraduate second-year nursing students of varying ages, gender, and anticipated technological competence. The System Usability Scale (SUS) questionnaire was used to get a score on overall usability.

Results
A total of 9 second-year nursing students aged 22-29 years participated in the study. The average score on the SUS was 83 (range 0-100), which equals a “B” on the graded scale and is excellent for an adjective-grade rating. The students expressed increased motivation to learn while working in self-instructed desktop VR. Still, a few technical difficulties occurred, and some students reported that they experienced some problems comprehending the instructions provided in the application. Long written instructions and a lack of self-pacing built into the application were considered limitations.

Conclusions
The nursing students found the application to be usable overall, giving it an excellent usability score and noting that the application provided opportunities for active participation, which was motivational and facilitated their perceived learning outcomes. The next version of the application, to be used in a randomized controlled trial, will be upgraded to address technological and comprehension issues.
Aktivitas antibakteri sabun transparan dengan penambahan ekstrak kulit nanas [Antibacterial activity of transparent soap with addition of pineapple peel extract]
Authors: Ayu Dewi Fortuna , Sari Adeline Palma , Sari Adeline Palma , Zalfiatri Yelmira , Zalfiatri Yelmira 
Published: November 2022

The ability of pineapple peel extract to inhibit Staphylococcus aureus thus it can be applied to a transparent soap. The effect of pineapple peel extract addition in the inhibitory effect on the growth of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria and quality of transparent soap was studied. The study used a complete randomized design with five treatments and three replications. The data was statistically analyzed using ANOVA and continued with DNMRT at the level of 5%. The treatments were different concentrations of pineapple peel extract addition: 0%, 1,5%, 2%, 2,5%, and 3% in the transparent soap. The result showed that the variations of pineapple peel extract addition in the making of the transparent soap significantly affected antibacterial activity, water content, amount of fatty acids, free alkali, pH, foam stability, and sensory test. The selected treatment from this study was 3% addition of pineapple peel extract. Transparent soap from this treatment had 11.47% water content, 35.35% total fatty acid, 0.22% free alkali, 10.07 degree of acidity, 73.30% foam stability, and 26.36 mm antibacterial activity against S. aureus. The descriptive test showed that the transparent soap had hard texture, dark brown color, pineapple flavor, and rather transparent.
Kontribusi Usaha Sarang Burung Walet Dalam Peningkatan Pendapatan Ekonomi Masyarakat Menurut Perspektif Ekonomi Syariah
Authors: Saleh Mawardi Muhammad , Ambarraras Wahyu Puji , Hadi Indra 
Published: November 2022

This research is motivated by increasing people's economic income with the establishment of a swallow's nest business; this research will focus on the contribution of the swallow's nest business to growing people's financial income with the aim of knowing the form of the actual assistance of the swallow's nest business in improving the economy of the people of Sumber Sari Village. Jaya. The population used in this study were all owners of swallow's nest businesses in Sumber Sari Jaya Village, Teluk Belengkong District, Indragiri Hilir Regency, totaling ten people. In comparison, the sample in this study amounted to 9 people using the Purposive Sampling method. The research method used is descriptive qualitative using primary and secondary data sources. In contrast, the primary data sources are obtained directly from the owner of the swallow's nest business. In contrast, the secondary data sources are taken from documents or institutional literacy related to the research conducted. The results of the study that have been carried out show that the swallow's nest business has a reasonably high contribution to increasing people's economic income; this is evidenced by the 55.5% increase in the owner of the swallow's nest business from 2013 to 2019, harvest yields have also increased. Every harvest. Keywords: Contribution, Effort, Improvement, Economy
KEBIJAKAN NON PENAL DALAM PENANGGULANGAN KEBAKARAN LAHAN DAN HUTAN OLEH KEPOLISIAN DAERAH RIAU BERBASIS TEKNOLOGI APLIKASI DASHBOARD LANCANG KUNING DIKAITKAN DENGAN UPAYA PENCEGAHAN TINDAK PIDANA PEMBAKARAN LAHAN DAN HUTAN
Authors: Rais Sasli , Erdianto Erdianto , Mukhlis R Mukhlis R 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT Forest fires and land fires are thus far an annual problem in the province of riau, with effects not only harmful to the people of the province of Riau, even to those of neighboring countries, advanced and efficient technologies are needed to address the karhutla's growing problem in the province of Riau. It is intended to prevent and anticipate the possibilities of increasing the phenomenon of land fires and forests both by natural or otherwise by irresponsible human behavior.The study aims to know about the treatment of forest fires and land fires by the riau county police for the past time, to assess the weaknesses and overcare of the land and forest fires by the riau area police by using polite-yellow dashboard applications and to deride legal formulations using a yellow crude dashboard application to prevent land fires and forest fires in the province of Riau.The study came to the conclusion that handling of forest fires and land by the riau county police is done with a preventive and repressive approach. A preventive approach to this is by performing socialization, empowering communities and conducting carhutla's early detection patrols. Tackling land fires and forest using the yellow sass-yellow dashboard app method presents several weaknesses and advantages. As for the weakness in the development of the application, it is not as high as the operation of the personnel of the Riau area. Not all personnel use the technological advances as field reporting reporting specifically to monitor land fires and forests. Rather, it is overdone in the use of the first information information regarding location and direction of the windfall, both known to nearby accessible sources of water or gas, the three personnel budget problems that could be addressed through police-integrated systems. It will require the creation of a by-law product of both the law and the pp which features a dashboard application model as a primary and integrated facility for sustainable use in the karhutla management to be coordinated by police institutions. Keywords: forest and land fires, non-penal policies, and the yellow sassy dashboard application.
ANALYSIS OF READING EXERCISE QUESTIONS IN AN ENGLISH TEXTBOOK FOR YEAR X SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS BASED ON BLOOM’S
Authors: HUTASUHUT MAHMUD LAYAN , SILALAHI RATNA SARI 
Published: November 2022

This research identifies the distribution of reading exercise questions based on the cognitive domains in the Revised Bloom's Taxonomy. It also attempts to change the reading exercise questions from the Lower-order Thinking Skills (LOTS) items into Higher-order Thinking Skills (HOTS) items. Content analysis was used as the research methodology. The subject of the study was the English textbook ‘Bahasa Inggris SMA/MA/SMK/MAK’ for year X high school students published by the Ministry of Education and Culture. Documentation was employed to collect data. The data were analyzed by using an interactive mood technique. Results of the study revealed that the lower-order thinking skills were distributed within 183 items, while that of the higher-order thinking skills were within 63 items. Specifically, the lower order thinking skills items were distributed as follows: Remembering skill with 100 questions, or 41%, understanding skill with 31 items, or 13%, and applying skill with 52 reading questions, or 21%. Meanwhile, the higher order thinking skills comprised analyzing skill with 38 questions or 15%, evaluating skill with 13 questions or 15%, and creating skills with 12 questions, or 5%. To sum up, the data showed the distribution of the higher order thinking skill (25%) was significantly lower than that of lower order thinking skill (75%).
MISOGYNIST HOSTILITIES REPRESENTATION OF THE MAIN CHARACTER IN “MARY QUEEN OF SCOTS” SCREENPLAY
Authors: DEWI FATHIA RAHMA , DAMANIK SISILA FITRIANY 
Published: November 2022

This study aims to find out the kinds of misogynist hostility that happened to the main character and the factors that influence the misogynist hostility directed at the main character. The objective of this study is to find out: 1) To analyze the misogynist hostilities that occur to the main character; and 2) To explain the factors that are the cause of the misogynist hostilities that happened to the main character. The data on this study was the written narrative and dialogue text taken from “Mary Queen of Scots” screenplay. The findings show that: 1) There are three kinds of categorized misogynist hostilities consist of fifth-teen kinds of hostilities there are Infantilizing and Belittling (ridiculing, humiliating, mocking, slurring, vilifying, and demonizing), Sexualization and Desexualization (silencing, shunning, shaming, blaming, patronizing, and condescending), and Aggression (physical violence, intimate partner violence (IPV), and rape). 2) There are three kinds of misogynist hostilities factor that are the main factors that influence the misogynist hostilities that occurred to the main character in the screenplay. Which consist of eleventh kinds of the reasons behind the misogynist hostilities; there are anxieties, fears, and desire to preserve the patriarchal order (Threatened, cornered, thwarted, let down, wounded, undermined, ousted, surpassed, disappointed, humiliated, chastened). In conclusion, the misogynist hostilities happened to the main character because their subordinate felt anxious and feared being overpowered. Thus, they turn hostile to punish the main character for preserving the patriarchal order.
Long-lasting otic medications may be a rare cause of neurogenic keratoconjunctivitis sicca in dogs
Authors: Bercovitz Genia R. , Gaerig Annora M. , Conway Emily D. , Huey Jane Ashley , Telle Mary R. , Stavinohova Renata , Cherubini Giunio Bruto , Capasso Angelo , Myrna Kathern E. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To characterize the clinical course and long-term prognosis of a suspected novel cause of neurogenic keratoconjunctivitis sicca (nKCS) secondary to florfenicol, terbinafine hydrochloride, mometasone furoate (Claro and Neptra) or florfenicol, terbinafine, betamethasone acetate (Osurnia).

ANIMALS
29 client-owned dogs.

PROCEDURES
Online survey and word-of-mouth recruitment were conducted to identify dogs that developed clinical signs of nKCS after application of otitis externa medication containing terbinafine and florfenicol. A retrospective analysis of medical records of dogs meeting inclusion criteria was then conducted. Included dogs had onset of clinical signs of nKCS within 1 day after application of otitis externa medications containing terbinafine and florfenicol and had documentation of low Schirmer tear test value (< 15 mm/min) of affected eyes.

RESULTS
29 dogs with medical records available for review met the inclusion criteria. Documented return of clinically normal tear production was identified in 24 of 29 dogs, with a median time from application of ear medication to documented return of clinically normal tear production of 86 days (range, 19 to 482 days). A corneal ulcer was diagnosed in 68% (20/29). Multivariable Cox regression analysis showed being referred to an ophthalmologist (P = .03) and having a deep ulcer (P = .02) were associated with a longer time to documentation of Schirmer tear test ≥ 15 mm/min.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Dogs that developed nKCS within 1 day after application of otitis externa medications containing terbinafine and florfenicol had a good prognosis for return of normal tear production within 1 year.
The hematogenous marrow tolerance when being in direct contact with the titanium implant.
Authors: Pantor Mihai , Rațiu Cristian Adrian , Ciavoi Gabriela , Rațiu Ioana Adela , Maghiar Laura , Maghiar Adrian Marius 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Introduction: The titanium implant represents a foreign body for the organism in which it is inserted, and it will never be accepted as an intrinsic structure. However, research has shown that it is very well supported both by soft and hard tissues, including here the limitrophe implant tissues.
Aim of the study: The aim of this study was to test the tolerability towards the titanium implant inserted in direct contact with the hematogenous marrow.
Material and methods: Titanium implants with the length of 10 mm and the diameter of 2 mm were inserted in the diaphysis of the femora bone of 10 male rabbits with the age of 10 months. At these particular dimensions, the implant exceeded the depth of the bone wall with more than half its length, taking direct contact with the hematogenous marrow from the marrow channel.
Results: Seven days after the implants insertion, the histologic examination revealed the fact that the hematogenous marrow had a very good lenience towards the titanium implant, meaning that it did not lead to any immunological rejection reactions, nor to pathological processes or the tendency of proliferation of unwanted tissues like conjunctive fibrous tissue. In these conditions, the pre-implantation reparatory processes fully benefited of the hematogenous marrow support, which, not being altered in any way, offered cells and stimulant factors, of the same intensity, throughout the entire experimental period.
Conclusions: The high tolerance of the hematogenous marrow to the titanium implant assures special conditions for the peri-implantation reparatory processes which take place at a speed that cannot be competed against by other stimulant modalities. This stimulant modality of reparatory processes cannot be applied in all situations, but only when working on healthy bones that contain hematogenous marrow, therefore the practical applicability relates especially to the dental interventions of implant prosthesis.
The Chapel of St. Casimir in Vilnius – A Counter-Reformation Landmark
Authors: Žygas Kęstutis Paulius 
Published: November 2022

Summary
The present study takes issue with the accepted view (cf. Vikipedija) that the Chapel of St. Casimir in the Cathedral of Vilnius (1623–1636) resembles the Pauline and the Sistine Chapels in the Basilica of Santa Maria Maggiore in Rome. A closer look and comparison of the dimensions, geometry, materials, and internal décor, however, reveals significant differences. The defining architectural features of the Chapel of St. Casimir do not derive from these Baroque chapels but from multiple Biblical and Early Christian sources. (This study focused on the Chapel’s interior features that survived the 1655–1661 occupation of Vilnius.) Its cubic core recalls the twenty-cubit amplitude of the Holy of Holies in the Temple of Solomon in Jerusalem. The black marble walls (noir de Namur) allude to the blackening acacia wood of the Ark of the Covenant holding the Ten Commandment stone tablets that Moses received from the Lord on Mt. Sinai. The ox-blood colored pilasters (vieux rouge de Rance) recall the porphyry columns of the Aedicule that sheltered the Tomb of Christ in the Church of the Holy Sepulcher, Jerusalem. The Chapel’s reduced Greek cross plan derives from Vitruvius and recalls Early Christian mausoleums. The Ionic column capitals in the Chapel duplicate the ones in the entrance portals of St. Peter’s Basilica in Rome and in the Confessio above the tomb of St. Peter the Apostle in the Roman necropolis underneath the Basilica. The Council of Trent upheld Early Christian customs, precedents, and traditions. Materializing the Council’s values, the Chapel became a landmark of the Counter-Reformation. The study at hand relied heavily on the indispensable archival documents gleaned by Povilas Reklaitis, Paulius Rabikauskas, SJ, Zenonas Ivinskis, Mintautas Čiurinskas, Birutė Rūta Vitkauskienė, and Piotr Jacek Jamski.
رصد ومراقبة تلوث الهواء في محافظة صلاح الدين باستخدام بيانات القمر الصناعي Sentinel-5
Authors: Abdel Qader Raed Abdel Halim 
Published: November 2022

تكثُر أسباب تلوث الهواء التي تؤثر سلباً على حياة الإنسان وصحته، وتُعدّ الغازات الضارة كثاني أكسيد النيتروجين، وثاني أكسيد الكبريت، وأول أكسيد الكربون، إضافة إلى الجزيئات الصغيرة أكثر هذه الملوثات شيوعاً، اذ تؤدي إلى مخاطر عديدة على صحة الانسان، كان لانتشار فيروس كورونا حول العالم، وخاصة انتشاره في العراق ، تأثير إيجابي على البيئة ، وإن كان مؤقتًا ، حيث إنه قادر على فعل ما لا يمكن لاتفاق المناخ أن يحققه اذ قلل من معدل انبعاثات غازات الاحتباس الحراري.
ومن خلال بيانات القمر الصناعي Sentinel-5 فقد لوحظ انخفاض كبير في نسبة الملوثات في المحافظة خلال جائحة كوفيد-19 ، وتم دراسة حالة الجو في المحافظة ونسبة انتشار الملوثات خلال الجائحة على مراحل تمثل المرحلة الاول مرحلة الحضر الكلي للتجوال التي شهدتها منطقة الدراسة من الشهر الخامس الى الشهر السابع من عام 2020، والمرحلة الثانية مرحلة الحضر الجزئي للتجوال ضمن الفترة نقسها، أما المرحلة الثالثة تمثل مرحلة رفع الحضر الكلي للتجوال عن المنطقة، إذ تم الاعتماد على سنة 2022 شهر السادس، وقد اظهرت الدراسة انخفاض تركيز الملوثات المتمثلة بــ(ثاني أكسيد الكربون والغازات الدفيئة الأخرى) في المحافظة، ويرجع سبب ذلك إلى مجموعة الاجراءات التي تم تطبيقها في العراق بشكل عام ومحافظة صلاح الدين بشكل خاص، المتمثلة بالحجر الصحي والتباعد الاجتماعي و الحد من السفر وتنقل الأفراد والنشاطات الاجتماعية والتجارية.
التربية الاسلامية وتنمية أسس الترابط الاجتماعي
Authors: ALSHETWI SALAH HADI SHROOM 
Published: November 2022

يُعد الحديث عن التربية الإسلامية وطرائق تدريسها من المعضلات التي تحتاج إلى توصيف ووضع حلول لها، وذلك لكون تلك المادة الهامة التي تعتبر ضمن المواد التي تربى الوجدان لدى الأبناء المتعلمين، وتنمي فيهم اسس الترابط الاجتماعي، وتبعث فيهم روح الامل في النفس والانتماء الوطني، فهي تؤصل الهوية كما نريدها وليس كما يريدها الآخر الذي يبحث عن توجيه السهام للإسلام بشكل عام ولكل من ينتمي إليه بشكل خاص من أبناء المجتمع الواحد، ومن مؤشرات ذلك أن لم يعد خافياً على أحد ما لدرس التربية الاسلامية، بمفهومها الواسع ومضامينها العريضة، من أثر وأهمية في حياة المتعلمين والمجتمعات وتجدّدها، إنّ درس التربية الاسلامية إنّما يكون قاعدة أساسية لتطور المتعلم المسلم وارتقائه فكرياً فيما إذا استهدف الازدهار التام لشخصيته وعُنيِت بغرس النزعات الخيّرة في نفسه، وإذا لم يعتنِ بذلك فإنّ المتعلم يفقد أصالته وذاته، فدرس التربية الاسلامية هو عملية اجتماعية تختلف من مجتمع إلى آخر حسب طبيعة المجتمع والقوى المؤثرة فيه والقيم التي اختارها، ليسير عليها في حياته، فالتربية بهذا المعنى وسيلة وهدف، طريقة وغاية، تبدأ من بدء الحياة، ولا تنتهي برغم نهاية حياة المتعلمين؛ لأنّها عملية اجتماعية تخص المجتمع، كما تخص كلّ متعلم فيه، وان درس التربية الإسلامية يستند إلى الحديث عن الإسلام نفسه؛ لأنّ الإسلام دين للبشر كافة، ولأنّه نظام يتضمن كلّ ما يتصل بحياة المتعلم من جوانبها المختلفة ككلّ وهو منهج ربّاني للحياة البشرية، ينظّم شؤونها في الدنيا في كافة المجالات للمتعلم والأسرة والمجتمع، فيضمن للمتعلم المسلم، والإنسان الأُمّة، والإنسانية جمعاء إذا ما اتقوا ربّهم في القول والعمل، السعادة في الدارين، وقد يعود السبب في ذلك أن درس التربية الإسلامية يمثل التربية التي تجمع بين تأديب النفس، وتصفية الروح وتثقيف العقل وتقوية الجسم فهي تُعنى بالتربية الدينية والخلقية والعلمية والجسمية دون تضحية بأي نوع منها على حساب الآخر، وبناءً على تلك المعطيات لا يخفى ما لمعلم التربية الإسلامية من دور في تنمية اسس الترابط الاجتماعي وفي توجيه المتعلمين إذا هو تخلق بالأخلاق الحميدة وعمل بها، وبناء على ذلك تم إعداد هذه البحث بعنوان (التربية الاسلامية وتنمية اسس الترابط الاجتماعي)، ونستنتج من ذلك إن التوجيهات السديدة التي يتكفل توضيحها وشرحا درس التربية الاسلامية غاية في الاهمية منها ان العطاء إذا قصد به وجه الله فإنه يقع في يد الله قبل أن يقع في يد المسكين، لذلك ان من النتائج التي استخلصها البحث هي ان درس التربية الإسلامية يمثل الصدقة على أنها دليل عملي على صدق إيمان المؤمن، والصدقة برهانًا على صدق الإيمان في قلب الإنسان، فالإسلام لا يقتصر على أنه عقيدة تعتقد، أو كلمة تقال فقط وحتى تتضح الرؤية فأن درس التربية الاسلامية هو دين عملي يرسم للبشرية المنهج الذي تسير عليه في هذه الحياة، فهو دين لا تغني فيه مظاهر العبادات والشعائر من صاحبها شيئًا ما لم تكن صادرة عن إخلاص لله وتجرد، مؤدية بسبب هذا الإخلاص إلى آثار في القلب تدفع إلى العمل الصالح.
المرونة النفسية وعلاقتها بالسلوك التوكيدي لدى طلبة جامعة
Authors: Majedi alnaasiri Hadlh Yahya 
Published: November 2022

هدف البحث الحالي الى تحديد العلاقة بين المرونة النفسية والسلوك التوكيدي لدى عينة من طلبة الجامعة والتعرف على مستوى المرونة النفسية ومستوى السلوك التوكيدي والفرق في المرونة النفسية والسلوك التوكيدي على وفق الجنس والتخصص، وكانت عينة البحث من (300) طالب وطالبة ، واتبع المنهج الوصفي الارتباطي وتم استخدام مقياس المرونة النفسية من اعداد الباحثة ومقياس السلوك التوكيدي اعداد الباحثة للتحقق من صحة الاهداف وهي: وتدل هذه النتيجة على أن طلبة الجامعة يتمتعون بمرونة نفسية مرتفعة ، لا يوجد فرق لدى طلبة الجامعة تبعاً لمتغير الجنس في المرونة النفسية، لا يوجد فرق لدى طلبة الجامعة تبعاً لمتغير التخصص في المرونة النفسية. كذلك أن عينة البحث تتمتع بمستوى عال من السلوك التوكيدي، وجود فرق ذي دلالة إحصائية وفقا للجنس في السلوك التوكيدي ولصالح الاناث، وقد أظهرت نتائج الاختبار التائي للدراسة الى عدم وجود فرق ذي دلالة إحصائية وفقا للتخصص الدراسي في السلوك التوكيدي في التخصص، وهناك علاقة ارتباطية دالة احصائية عند مستوى ( (0.05موجبة بين المرونة النفسية والسلوك التوكيدي.
الطفو الاكاديمي وعلاقته بالكفاءة العاطفية لدى طلبة الجامعة
Authors: Ghadab Wissam kurdi 
Published: November 2022

يهدف البحث الحالي التعرف على مستوى الطفو الاكاديمي والكفاءة العاطفية لدى طلبة الجامعة. ومعرفة الفروق ذات الدلالة الاحصائية في مستوى الطفو الاكاديمي لدى طلبة الجامعة تبعاً لمتغيري الجنس والتخصص. معرفة الفروق ذات الدلالة الاحصائية في مستوى الكفاءة العاطفية لدى طلبة الجامعة تبعا لمتغيري الجنس والتخصص . العلاقة الارتباطية بين الطفو الاكاديمي و والكفاءة العاطفية لدى طلبة الجامعة. ولتحقيق أهداف البحث قام الباحث بأعداد مقياس الطفو الاكاديمي وتبني مقياس الكفاءة العاطفية ، وباستعمال الوسائل الاحصائية الآتية ( مربع كاي ، الاختبار التائي لعينة واحدة ، الاختبار التائي لعينتين مستقلتين ) .وتضمنت عينة الدراسة (300) طالبٍ وطالبةٍ وأظهرت نتائج الدراسة ما يأتي : تتمتع عينة البحث بمستوى من الطفو الاكاديمي والكفاءة العاطفية، وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية للطفو الاكاديمي تبعاً لمتغير الجنس (ذكور, إناث)، ولصالح الذكور، وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية للطفو الاكاديمي تبعاً لمتغير التخصص ( انساني, علمي )، ولصالح التخصص العلمي، وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية للكفاءة العاطفية تبعاً لمتغير الجنس ( ذكور, إناث) ، ولصالح الاناث .وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية للمثابرة تبعاً لمتغير التخصص ( علمي, إنساني)، ولصالح التخصص العلمي، وجود علاقة ايجابية بين الطفو الاكاديمي و والكفاءة العاطفية .