bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The influence of gastric atrophy on Helicobacter pylori antibiotics resistance in therapy-naïve patients
Authors: Goni Elisabetta , Tammer Ina , Schütte Kerstin , Thon Cosima , Jechorek Dörthe , Mahajan Ujjwal Mukund , Vasapolli Riccardo , Macke Lukas , Aulinger Benedikt , Selgrad Michael , Link Alexander , Malfertheiner Peter , Schulz Christian 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundAntibiotic susceptibility of Helicobacter pylori to antibiotics may vary among different niches of the stomach. The progression of chronic H. pylori gastritis to atrophy changes intragastric physiology that may influence selection of resistant strains.AimTo study the antibiotic resistance of H. pylori taking the severity of atrophic gastritis in antrum and corpus into account.MethodsHelicobacter pylori-positive patients (n = 110, m = 32, mean age 52.6 ± 13.9 years) without prior H. pylori eradication undergoing upper gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy for dyspeptic symptoms were included in a prospective study. Patients were stratified into three groups depending on the grade of atrophy: no atrophy (OLGA Stage 0), mild atrophy (OLGA Stage I–II) and moderate/severe atrophy (OLGA Stage III–IV). Two biopsies each from the antrum and the corpus and one from the angulus were taken and assessed according to the updated Sydney system. H. pylori strains were isolated from antrum and corpus biopsies and tested for antibiotic susceptibility (AST) for amoxicillin, clarithromycin, metronidazole, levofloxacin, tetracycline, and rifampicin by the agar dilution methods. A Chi-square test of independence with a 95% confidence interval was used to detect differences in the proportion of patients with susceptible and resistant H. pylori strains.ResultsAmong 110 patients, primary clarithromycin resistance (R) was 30.0%, both in the antrum and corpus; metronidazole resistance accounted for 36.4 and 34.5% in the antrum and corpus; and levofloxacin was 19.1 and 22.7% in the antrum and corpus, respectively. Resistance rates to amoxicillin, tetracycline, and rifampicin were below 5%. Dual antibiotic resistance rate was 21.8%, and triple resistance rate was 9.1%. There was a significant difference in the resistance rate distribution in antrum (p &lt; 0.0001) and corpus (p &lt; 0.0001). With increasing severity of atrophy according to OLGA stages, there was a significant increase in clarithromycin-R and metronidazole-R.ConclusionIn treatment-naïve patients, antibiotic resistance and heteroresistance were related to the severity of atrophy. The high clarithromycin resistance in atrophic gastritis suggests that H. pylori antibiotic susceptibility testing should always be performed in this condition before selecting the eradication regimen.
Physical activities and risk of neurodegenerative diseases: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Liao Qiao , He Jian , Huang Kun 
Published: September 2022

ObjectivesPhysical activity (PA) is considered beneficial in slowing the progression and improving the neurodegenerative disease prognosis. However, the association between PA and neurodegenerative diseases remains unknown. In this study, we conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to estimate the causal association between PA phenotypes and neurodegenerative diseases.Materials and methodsGenetic variants robustly associated with PA phenotypes, used as instrumental variables, were extracted from public genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics. Neurodegenerative diseases, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Parkinson’s disease (PD), and Alzheimer’s disease (AD), were considered outcomes. GWAS information was also obtained from the most recent large population study of individuals with European ancestry. Multiple MR methods, pleiotropy tests and sensitivity analyses were performed to obtain a robust and valid estimation.ResultsWe found a positive association between moderate-to-vigorous physical activities and ALS based on the inverse variance weighted MR analysis method (OR: 2.507, 95% CI: 1.218–5.160, p = 0.013). The pleiotropy test and sensitivity analysis confirmed the robustness and validity of these MR results. No causal effects of PA phenotypes were found on PD and AD.ConclusionOur study indicates a causal effect of PA on the risk of neurodegenerative diseases. Genetically predicted increases in self-reported moderate-to-vigorous PA participation could increase the risk of ALS in individuals of European ancestry. Precise and individualized prescriptions of physical activity should be provided to the elderly population.
Intervals of endovascular treatment for coincidental non-adjacent unruptured aneurysms in patients with symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis
Authors: Jin Hengwei , Wang Jing , Meng Xiangyu , Li Youxiang , He Hongwei 
Published: September 2022

Background and purposeTo explore the safety of endovascular therapy for concomitant non-adjacent unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIAs) which is incidentally found in severe patients with symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis at the same session and different sessions.MethodsPatients between January 2019 to December 2020 were retrospectively reviewed at our institution. Patients with concomitant non-adjacent incidental UIA in severe symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis, who underwent endovascular treatment for both lesions were included. They were divided into two groups according to the intervals (The aneurysm was treated at the same session as stenosis or at separated sessions). The demographics, procedure details, complications, and clinical outcomes were compared between groups.ResultsA total of 22 patients were involved. In total, ten patients underwent endovascular treatment for UIA and stenosis at one session and 12 patients at separate sessions. In total, three (13.6%) patients experienced procedural related complications, including 2 (20%) in the one session group and 1(8.3%) in the separate sessions group. Follow-up (Range 6–12, mean = 8.5 months) results showed good clinical outcome in all the patients. There is no statistical significance in terms of complication rate and unfavorable clinical outcome between groups.ConclusionsNon-adjacent concomitant UIA and severe symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis will not pose additional endovascular treatment risks. Both simultaneous endovascular management and short intervals between separated procedures are technically feasible and safe.
Topologically Disrupted Gray Matter Networks in Drug-Naïve Essential Tremor Patients With Poor Sleep Quality
Authors: Peng Jiaxin , Yang Jing , Li Nannan , Lei Du , Li Junying , Duan Liren , Chen Chaolan , Zeng Yan , Xi Jing , Jiang Yi , Gong Qiyong , Peng Rong 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundSleep disturbances are widespread among patients with essential tremor (ET) and may have adverse effects on patients' quality of life. However, the pathophysiology underlying poor quality of sleep (QoS) in patients with ET remains unclear. Our study aimed to identify gray matter (GM) network alterations in the topological properties of structural MRI related to QoS in patients with ET.MethodWe enrolled 45 ET patients with poor QoS (SleET), 59 ET patients with normal QoS (NorET), and 66 healthy controls (HC), and they all underwent a three-dimensional T1-weighted MRI scan. We used a graph-theoretical approach to investigate the topological organization of GM morphological networks, and individual morphological brain networks were constructed according to the interregional similarity of GM volume distributions. Furthermore, we performed network-based statistics, and partial correlation analyses between topographic features and clinical characteristics were conducted.ResultsGlobal network organization was disrupted in patients with ET. Compared with the NorET group, the SleET group exhibited disrupted topological GM network organization with a shift toward randomization. Moreover, they showed altered nodal centralities in mainly the frontal, temporal, parietal, and cerebellar lobes. Morphological connection alterations within the default mode network (DMN), salience, and basal ganglia networks were observed in the SleET group and were generally more extensive than those in the NorET and HC groups. Alterations within the cerebello-thalamo-(cortical) network were only detected in the SleET group. The nodal degree of the left thalamus was negatively correlated with the Fahn-Tolosa-Marin Tremor Rating Scale score (r = −0.354, p =0.027).ConclusionOur findings suggest that potential complex interactions underlie tremor and sleep disruptions in patients with ET. Disruptions within the DMN and the cerebello-thalamo-(cortical) network may have a broader impact on sleep quality in patients with ET. Our results offer valuable insight into the neural mechanisms underlying poor QoS in patients with ET.
Contribution of intracranial artery stenosis to white matter hyperintensities progression in elderly Chinese patients: A 3-year retrospective longitudinal study
Authors: Zhong Tingting , Qi Yunwen , Li Rui , Zhou Huadong , Ran Boli , Wang Jiao , Cai ZhiYou 
Published: September 2022

Background and purposeThere have been controversial results in previous studies for the association between intracranial artery stenosis (ICAS) and white matter hyperintensities (WMHs), and the correlation of ICAS with the progression of WMHs is uncertain. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between ICAS and the progression of WMHs.MethodsIn this retrospective longitudinal study, we enrolled 302 patients aged 60 years and older who had received two brain MRI scans with a 3-year interval and was examined by CTA in the first MRI scan. We measured the stenosis of major intracranial arteries by CTA and assessed the progression of WMHs using the modified Rotterdam Progression scale (mRPS). We performed binary logistic regression analyses and established linear regression model to determine the relationship between the degree of ICAS and the progression of WMHs.ResultsA total of 302 patients were enrolled, of which 48.3% experienced WMHs progression. After adjustment for confounding factors, the patients with Grade 2 ICAS had an OR of 2.8 (95% CI 1.4–5.5), and those with Grade 3 ICAS had an OR of 3.0 (95% CI 1.2–7.3) for the progression of WMHs. The ICAS degree remained associated with PVWMHs but had an attenuated relation to SCWMHs. ICAS severity was significantly associated with WMHs progression scores, higher for Grade 3 ICAS [β (SE) = 0.18 (0.18)] followed by Grade 2 ICAS [β (SE) = 0.10 (0.15)] compared with Grade 1 ICAS.ConclusionsPatients with more severe ICAS are more likely to have WMHs progression and have distinct relevancy to PVWMHs and SCWMHs, which may provide clues for understanding mechanisms of WMHs progression.
Intracranial tumors mimicking benign paroxysmal positional vertigo: A case series
Authors: Chen Yuan Xing , Sun Han Jun , Mu Xue Tao , Jiang Chao , Wang Hui Bing , Zhang Qing Hua , Qu Yuan Yi , Li Jian , Zhou Ling Ling , Zhao Long Zhu , Yu Ning , Sun Qing 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundA few intracranial lesions may present only with positional vertigo which are very easy to misdiagnose as benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV); the clinicians should pay more attention to this disease.ObjectivesTo analyze the clinical characteristics of 6 patients with intracranial tumors who only presented with positional vertigo to avoid misdiagnosing the disease.Material and methodsSix patients with intracranial tumors who only presented with positional vertigo treated in our clinic between May 2015 to May 2019 were reviewed, and the clinical symptoms, features of nystagmus, imaging presentation, and final diagnosis of the patients were evaluated.ResultsAll patients presented with positional vertigo and positional nystagmus induced by the changes in head position or posture, including one case with downbeating nystagmus in a positional test, two cases with left-beating nystagmus, one case with apogeotropic nystagmus in a roll test, one case with right-beating nystagmus, and one case with left-beating and upbeating nystagmus. Brain MRI showed the regions of the tumors were in the vermis of the cerebellum, the fourth ventricle, the lateral ventricle, and the cerebellar hemisphere.
Fear of COVID-19, healthy eating behaviors, and health-related behavior changes as associated with anxiety and depression among medical students: An online survey
Authors: Nguyen Minh H. , Do Tinh X. , Nguyen Tham T. , Pham Minh D. , Pham Thu T. M. , Pham Khue M. , Kim Giang B. , Do Binh N. , Nguyen Hiep T. , Nguyen Ngoc-Minh , Dam Hoa T. B. , Nguyen Yen H. , Nguyen Kien T. , Nguyen Thao T. P. , Nguyen Trung T. , Duong Tuyen Van 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundMedical students' health and wellbeing are highly concerned during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study examined the impacts of fear of COVID-19 (FCoV-19S), healthy eating behavior, and health-related behavior changes on anxiety and depression.MethodsWe conducted an online survey at 8 medical universities in Vietnam from 7th April to 31st May 2020. Data of 5,765 medical students were collected regarding demographic characteristics, FCoV-19S, health-related behaviors, healthy eating score (HES), anxiety, and depression. Logistic regression analyses were used to explore associations.ResultsA lower likelihood of anxiety and depression were found in students with a higher HES score (OR = 0.98; 95%CI = 0.96, 0.99; p = 0.042; OR = 0.98; 95%CI = 0.96, 0.99; p = 0.021), and in those unchanged or more physical activities during the pandemic (OR = 0.54; 95%CI = 0.44, 0.66; p &lt; 0.001; OR = 0.44; 95%CI = 0.37, 0.52; p &lt; 0.001) as compared to those with none/less physical activity, respectively. A higher likelihood of anxiety and depression were reported in students with a higher FCoV-19S score (OR = 1.09; 95%CI = 1.07, 1.12; p &lt; 0.001; OR = 1.06; 95%CI = 1.04, 1.08; p &lt; 0.001), and those smoked unchanged/more during the pandemic (OR = 6.67; 95%CI = 4.71, 9.43; p &lt; 0.001; OR = 6.77; 95%CI = 4.89, 9.38; p &lt; 0.001) as compared to those stopped/less smoke, respectively. In addition, male students had a lower likelihood of anxiety (OR = 0.79; 95%CI = 0.65, 0.98; p = 0.029) compared to female ones.ConclusionsDuring the pandemic, FCoV-19S and cigarette smoking had adverse impacts on medical students' psychological health. Conversely, staying physically active and having healthy eating behaviors could potentially prevent medical students from anxiety and depressive symptoms.
Sleep dimensions are associated with obesity, poor diet quality and eating behaviors in school-aged children
Authors: Ramírez-Contreras Catalina , Santamaría-Orleans Alicia , Izquierdo-Pulido Maria , Zerón-Rugerio María Fernanda 
Published: September 2022

ObjectivesThe aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the association between sleep dimensions (duration, patterns, and disturbances) with body mass index (BMI), diet quality, and eating behaviors in school-aged children. Additionally, we aimed to investigate whether obesogenic eating behaviors (higher food responsiveness, lower satiety responsiveness, and less slowness in eating) and poor diet quality could mediate the potential association between sleep and obesity in school-aged children.Materials and methodsFor all participants (n = 588 children, age 5–12 years; 51% girls) we evaluated: sleep dimensions, BMI, diet quality, eating behaviors (food responsiveness, satiety responsiveness and slowness in eating). Linear regression models were used to test associations between exposure and outcome variables. Additionally, path analysis was conducted to test whether eating behaviors mediated the relationship between sleep and obesity.ResultsShorter sleep duration (β = −0.722, p = 0.009) and greater sleep disturbances (β = 0.031, p = 0.012) were significantly associated with BMI. Additionally, we observed that diet quality was significantly associated with sleep duration (β = 0.430, p = 0.004), the midpoint of sleep (β = −0.927, p &lt; 0.001), and sleep disturbances (β = −0.029, p &lt; 0.001). Among other findings, greater sleep disturbances were associated with food responsiveness (β = 0.017, p &lt; 0.001), satiety responsiveness (β = 0.015, p &lt; 0.001), and slowness in eating (β = 0.012, p &lt; 0.001). Importantly, food responsiveness was found as significant mediator of the relationship between sleep and BMI (R = 0.427, R2 = 0.182, p &lt; 0.001).ConclusionsLate sleep patterns, short sleep duration, and greater sleep disturbances are significantly related with what and how school-aged children eat. Importantly, poor diet quality was significantly related to all three sleep dimensions, while eating behaviors had a significant relationship with greater sleep disturbances. These findings may be relevant to the development of behavioral targets to prevent childhood obesity, including sleep hygiene guidelines as a strategy to improve children's eating habits, as well as their BMI.
Biomarkers to assess the risk of bladder cancer in patients presenting with haematuria are gender-specific
Authors: Duggan Brian , O’Rourke Declan , Anderson Neil , Reid Cherith N. , Watt Joanne , O’Kane Hugh , Boyd Ruth , Curry David , Evans Mark , Stevenson Michael , Kurth Mary Jo , Lamont John V. , Fitzgerald Peter , Ruddock Mark W. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionHaematuria is a common red flag symptom of urinary tract cancer. Bladder cancer (BC) is the most common cancer to present with haematuria. Women presenting with haematuria are often underdiagnosed. Currently, no gender-specific tests are utilized in clinical practice. Considerable healthcare resources are needed to investigate causes of haematuria and this study was set up to help identify markers of BC. The aim of the study was to define biomarker algorithms in haematuria patients using an expanded panel of biomarkers to diagnose BC and investigate if the algorithms are gender-specific.Materials and MethodsA total of n=675 patients with a history of haematuria were recruited from Northern Ireland hospitals. Patients were collected on a 2:1 ratio, non-BC (control) n=474: BC n=201. A detailed clinical history, urine and blood samples were collected. Biomarkers, known to be involved in the pathobiology underlying bladder carcinogenesis were investigated. Biomarkers differentially expressed between groups were investigated using Wilcoxon rank sum and linear regression.ResultsBiomarkers were gender specific. Two biomarker-algorithms were identified to triage haematuria patients; male – u_NSE, s_PAI-1/tPA, u_midkine, u_NGAL, u_MMP-9/TIMP-1 and s_prolactin (u=urine; s=serum); sensitivity 71.8%, specificity 72.8%; AUROC 0.795; and female urine biomarkers - IL-12p70, IL-13, midkine and clusterin; sensitivity 83.7%, specificity 79.7%; AUROC 0.865. Addition of the clinical variable infection to both algorithms increased both AUROC to 0.822 (DeLong p=0.014) and to 0.923 (DeLong p=0.004) for males and females, respectively. Combining clinical risk factors with biomarker algorithms would enable application of the algorithms to triage haematuria patients.ConclusionUsing gender-specific biomarker algorithms in combination with clinical risks that are associated with BC would allow clinicians to better manage haematuria patients and potentially reduce underdiagnosis in females. In this study, we demonstrate, for the first time, that blood and urine biomarkers are gender-specific when assessing risk of BC in patients who present with blood in their urine. Combining biomarker data with clinical factors could improve triage when referring patients for further investigations.
Orocutaneous Fistula Formation in Free Flap Reconstruction for Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Fang Qigen , Yuan Junhui , Du Wei , Dai Liyuan , Zhang Xu , Luo Ruihua 
Published: September 2022

ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to identify the risk factors associated with orocutaneous fistula (OCF) formation after free flap reconstruction for oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).MethodsPatients undergoing free flap reconstruction for oral SCC were retrospectively enrolled. The relationship between clinicopathologic variables and OCF formation was analyzed by univariate and multivariate analyses.ResultsA total of 87 OCFs occurred in 856 patients. Univariate analysis revealed cachexia, tumor at the tongue/floor of the mouth (TFOM), T4 stage, preoperative hemoglobin level, pull-through procedure, preoperative albumin level, and surgical site infection were associated with the formation of OCF. Multivariate analysis confirmed the independence of cachexia, TFOM, T4 stage, and surgical site infection in predicting OCF development. Conventional wound care could achieve successful fistula closure in 82.4% of the patients with a median time of 28 days.ConclusionsOCF formation was common after free flap reconstruction. The presence of cachexia, TFOM tumor site, T4 stage, and surgical site infection significantly increased the risk of OCF formation. Although it required a long period, conventional wound care can obtain satisfactory outcomes in OCF management.
ICSBP-induced PD-L1 enhances osteosarcoma cell growth
Authors: Sung Jee Young , Kim June Hyuk , Kang Hyun Guy , Park Jong Woong , Park Seog-Yun , Park Byung-Kiu , Kim Yong-Nyun 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundInterferon (IFN) consensus sequence binding protein (ICSBP) is a transcription factor induced by IFN-γ. We previously reported that ICSBP expression promotes osteosarcoma progression by enhancing transforming growth factor-β signaling. In cancer cells, programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) contributes to immune escape and may also be involved in tumor progression. Because IFN-γ induces the expression of both ICSBP and PD-L1, we explored the association between ICSBP and PD-L1 expression in terms of osteosarcoma progression.MethodsThree osteosarcoma cell lines (Saos2, U2OS, and 143B) were employed. Gene expression was measured by qRT-PCR, and protein levels were assessed by immunoblotting. PD-L1 expression was evaluated in cells overexpressing ICSBP and in ICSBP knockdown cells. The effects of PD-L1 expression on cell growth were examined by MTS assays, Incucyte analysis, soft agar assays, and three-dimensional (3D) culture. Cell cycle and apoptosis were evaluated by FACS analysis of cells stained with propidium iodide (PI) and annexin V/PI, respectively. The antitumor effects of PD-L1 knockdown without or with doxorubicin treatment were evaluated in vivo in nude mice bearing ICSBP-overexpressing 143B cell xenograft. The clinical relevance of PD-L1 and ICSBP expression was evaluated immunohistochemically using a human osteosarcoma microarray and through analysis of publicly available data using Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis2.ResultsICSBP overexpression upregulated PD-L1 expression in all three cell lines, whereas ICSBP knockdown decreased the PD-L1 expression. PD-L1 knockdown attenuated the cell growth and reduced colony-forming capacity in both soft agar assays and 3D culture. PD-L1 knockdown increased apoptosis and induced G2/M arrest, which was associated with decreased expression of survivin, cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4), cyclin E, and cyclin D1 expression and increased the expression of p27, phosphorylated Cdc2, and phosphorylated Wee1. PD-L1 knockdown decreased the growth of tumor xenografts and increased the doxorubicin sensitivity of ICSBP-overexpressing 143B cells both in vitro and in vivo. PD-L1 was expressed in human osteosarcoma tissues, and its expression was moderately correlated with that of ICSBP in osteosarcoma patients.ConclusionICSBP regulates PD-L1 expression in osteosarcoma cells, and PD-L1 knockdown combined with doxorubicin treatment could represent a strategy for controlling osteosarcoma expressing ICSBP.