bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Helical Molecular Springs with Varying Spring Constants
Authors: Murphy Kyle E. , McKay Kyle T. , Schenkelberg Mica , Sharafi Mona , Vestrheim Olav , Ivancic Monika , Li Jianing , Schneebeli Severin T. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe report a general synthetic route toward helical ladder polymers with varying spring constants, built with chirality‐assisted synthesis (CAS). Under tension and compression, these shape‐persistent structures do not unfold, but rather stretch and compress akin classical Hookean springs. Our synthesis is adaptable to helices with different pitch and diameter, which allowed us to investigate how molecular flexibility in solution depends on the exact geometry of the ladder polymers. Specifically, we showed with molecular dynamic simulations and by measuring the longitudinal 1H NMR relaxation times (T1) for our polymers at different Larmor frequencies, that increasing the helix diameter leads to increased flexibility. Our results present initial design rules for tuning the mechanical properties of intrinsically helical ladder polymers in solution, which will help inspire a new class of robust, spring‐like molecular materials with varying mechanical properties.
A silicone diphenylsulfonate for improving the flame retardancy of polycarbonate
Authors: Song Xiaoqing , Xu Dehuan , Luo Zhonglin , Wang Biaobing 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSilicone diphenylsulfonate (SDPSF) was synthesized via nucleophilic substitution reaction between dihydroxyalkyl‐terminated silicone oil and benzene sulfonyl chloride, and its chemical structure was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and 1H NMR. The effect of SDPSF on the flame retardancy, thermal stability, combustion behavior, and mechanical properties of PC/SDPSF blends were investigated. The PC/2 wt% SDPSF blend achieved the UL‐94 (3 mm) V‐0 rating and limiting oxygen index value of 30.3% together with the lowest values of the total heat release (32.2 MJ/M2), peak heat release rate (239.5 kW/M2), CO production (0.48 kg/kg), and fire growth index (1.09 kW/s·m2). It demonstrated that the SDPSF improved evidently the flame retardancy and fire safety of the polycarbonate (PC) matrix. The blend also gave a slightly reduced tensile strength (60.0 MPa) and notched impact strength (57.0 kJ/m2). The TG‐FTIR spectra of the pyrolysis gases demonstrated that the SDPSF promoted the decomposition of PC matrix on advance to release much more nonflammable gases in the early combustion process, meanwhile, the analysis of the char residues confirmed that the SDPSF facilitated the formation of compact and continuous layers with higher graphitization degree to isolate the transfer of heat and combustible volatiles.
Estimation of fraction of drug metabolism by a single UDP‐glucuronosyl transferase enzyme using relative expression factor
Authors: Honda Tomoyo , Obuchi Wataru , Nishiya Yumi , Shibayama Takahiro , Watanabe Kengo , Watanabe Nobuaki 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe estimation of the contributions of UDP‐glucuronosyl transferase (UGT) isoforms to the overall metabolism still suffers from technical difficulties due to limited information on enzyme levels in recombinant systems and specific inhibitors, unlike the case for cytochrome P450s (CYPs). The protein expression levels of UGT in both recombinant system microsomes (RM) and human liver microsomes (HLM) were quantified using liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry, and the relative expression factor (REF) value of HLM to recombinant microsomes was estimated to evaluate the fractions of drug metabolism by a single UGT enzyme (fmUGT) of UGT substrates. The REF values of UGT1A1, UGT1A3, UGT1A9, UGT2B4, UGT2B7, and UGT2B17 were 0.228, 0.0714, 0.0665, 0.420, 0.118, and 0.0442, respectively. fmUGTs in HLM were estimated for several typical UGT substrates utilizing these values and metabolic clearances in RM. These values were comparable to the reported values estimated by various methods. This study provided useful information on REF values, which promote a robust estimation of fmUGT values for UGT substrates when evaluating the contribution of UGT isoforms to total metabolic clearance.
Determination of thiram residues in fresh water using flow injection diperiodatonickelate(IV)–quinine chemiluminescence detection
Authors: Asghar Muhammad , Yaqoob Mohammad , Munawar Nusrat , Nabi Abdul 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis study developed a simple flow injection (FI) method based on diperiodatonickelate(IV)–sulfuric acid reaction using chemiluminescence (CL) detection for the determination of thiram (THI) fungicide in fresh water using quinine as the sensitizer. The possible mechanism of the CL reaction was described using UV–Vis. absorption and CL spectra. Experimental variables were optimized by applying a univariate approach, and a linear calibration curve was obtained in the range of 1.0 × 10−3–2.0 mg L−1 (R2 = 0.9994, n = 9) with a limit of detection of 5.0 × 10−4 mg L−1 (S/N = 3) and an injection throughput of 200 h−1. This approach was successfully applied to determine THI in fresh water by using solid‐phase extraction and achieved a good recovery rate of 94%–110% with a relative standard deviation of 1.9%–3.7% (n = 4). The results obtained were compared with the reported FI‐CL and high‐performance liquid chromatography–ultraviolet methods, and the three methods did not differ significantly at the 95% confidence limit.
Freshen up before going public: Do environmental, social, and governance factors affect firms' appearance during the initial public offering?
Authors: Harasheh Murad 
Published: September 2022

AbstractGoing public (or initial public offering IPO) is a corporate strategic decision for value enhancement. Underpricing is a phenomenon related to going public and has been studied from a purely financial perspective. In this paper, we investigate whether underpricing incorporates sustainability performance pre‐IPO by establishing an original linkage between underpricing and ESG factors before the firm's listing on stock markets. Using informational asymmetries and quality signaling frameworks, we track the journey of going public by Italian Small Medium Enterprises (SMEs) from 2009 to 2017 and show how sustainability issues are incorporated into the IPO underpricing. We demonstrate that underpricing is strongly related to financial and sustainability variables only in the year just before the IPO, indicating better informational efficiency, quality signaling, and image‐improving practice. The post‐IPO stock return is less correlated with the firm's financial and ESG variables, suggesting that markets can incorporate such information into stock returns in the long run. This paper provides novel insights by delivering an original linkage between a firm's public listing attributes and sustainability performance, offering a temporal tracking of the SMEs before and after the IPO, emphasizing the role of sustainability in the IPO process.
Experiences of web‐based extended reality technologies for physics education
Authors: Zatarain‐Cabada Ramon , Barrón‐Estrada María L. , Cárdenas‐Sainz Brandon A. , Chavez‐Echeagaray María E. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractExtended reality (XR) technologies such as augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) are being increasingly used for education and skill development through the development of interactive learning environments (ILEs) with XR implementations. For physics education, these ILEs with XR are capable of improving the visual representation of educational content, as well as stimulating the cognitive process of learning with interactive experiences. In this study, we focused on evaluating students' perceptions of the usage of web‐based XR technologies for education, through a learning tool that implements virtual reality and augmented reality environments, with the purpose of providing students the necessary didactic material to learn physics. An experimental process was carried out with a sample of 70 undergrad students who used FisicARtivo, a web‐based learning tool on kinematics and dynamics concepts that incorporates XR. After working with the tool, students completed a comprehensive survey about their motivational perceptions regarding the use of XR technologies for physics education. According to the results, both VR and AR showed significant effects on motivation. However, there was a higher positive impact on students' learning motivation when they used FisicARtivo in AR mode in comparison to VR mode.
A phase I trial of metformin in combination with vincristine, irinotecan, and temozolomide in children with relapsed or refractory solid and central nervous system tumors: A report from the national pediatric cancer foundation
Authors: Metts Jonathan L. , Trucco Matteo , Weiser Daniel A. , Thompson Patrick , Sandler Eric , Smith Tiffany , Crimella Jessica , Sansil Samer , Thapa Ram , Fridley Brooke L. , Llosa Nicholas , Badgett Thomas , Gorlick Richard , Reed Damon , Gill Jonathan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundPatients with relapsed and refractory solid and central nervous system (CNS) tumors have poor outcomes and need novel therapeutic options. Vincristine, irinotecan, and temozolomide (VIT) is a common chemotherapy regimen in relapsed pediatric tumors with an established toxicity profile. Metformin shows preclinical anti‐cancer activity through multiple pathways.MethodsThe objective of this Phase I trial was to establish the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and recommended Phase II dose (RP2D) of metformin in combination with VIT in children with relapsed and refractory solid and CNS tumors. A 3 + 3 design was used to test the addition of metformin at five dose levels (666, 999, 1333, 1666, and 2000 mg/m2/day). Therapy toxicity, pharmacokinetics, and radiologic response to treatment were evaluated.ResultsTwenty‐six patients (median age 13 years, range 2–18 years) were enrolled with 22 evaluable for toxicity. The most common diagnoses were Ewing sarcoma (n = 8), rhabdomyosarcoma (n = 3) and atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor (n = 3). The MTD was exceeded at Dose Level 5 due to two dose‐limiting toxicities; both were Grade 3 diarrhea requiring prolonged hospitalization and intravenous fluids. The MTD was not determined due to study closure with less than six patients enrolled at Dose Level 4. Frequently observed toxicities were gastrointestinal (most notably diarrhea) and hematologic. Amongst 16 patients evaluable for best overall response, there was one complete response (Ewing sarcoma), three partial responses (Ewing sarcoma, glioblastoma multiforme, and alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma), and five patients with stable disease.ConclusionsThe MTD of VIT with metformin was not determined due to premature study closure. We recommend an RP2D of Dose Level 4, 1666 mg/m2/day. Radiographic responses were seen in multiple tumor types. Further evaluation for efficacy could be investigated in a Phase II trial.
Unresectable and chemoresistant conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma on xeroderma pigmentosum treated by salvage radiation therapy: A case report and a review of the literature
Authors: Maimouna Mané , Sofian Benkhaled , Latifatou Guèye , Joséphine Frédérique Mendouga Eyenga , Papa Macoumba Gaye , Mamadou Moustapha Dieng , Dirk Van Gestel 
Published: September 2022

AbstractXeroderma pigmentosum (XP) is a rare genetic disease, which vital prognosis is conditioned by the occurrence of cancers essentially of the skin and ocular surfaces, requiring an early and adapted management. Radiation therapy (RT) is a very effective modality in the therapeutic arsenal alongside surgery, but it remains underused as it is wrongly considered to be deleterious for these patients. In this article, we report the case of a 10‐years‐old girl with XP treated with external beam RT for a squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the right ocular conjunctiva. The clinical tolerance was excellent and we obtained a good tumoral response. Therefore, the place of RT in these patients could/should be reconsidered, especially since these suspicions have still not been confirmed.
Hypopigmented penile fixed drug eruption
Authors: Ibekwe Perpetua U. , Ajibola Hafees O. , Babba Zainabb , Otokpa Grace , Solomon Raphael , Ukonu Bob A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractFixed drug eruptions (FDE) are typically associated with residual hyperpigmentation or non‐pigmenting lesions. There is no distinctive histopathological feature; though, drug provocation tests (DPT) can be confirmatory within 7 days. We describe a patient with penile FDE associated with residual hypopigmentation, a prolonged refractory period to DPT and recurrent meatal stenosis.
Synchronous parathyroid carcinoma and papillary thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Ben Nacef Ibtissem , Khelifi Dayssem , Kalthoum Mehdi , Rojbi Imen , Riahi Ines , Mekni Sabrine , Ben Salah Mamia , Mchirgui Nadia , Khiari Karima 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe simultaneous occurrence of parathyroid carcinoma and nonmedullary thyroid carcinoma is unusual. We report the case of 60‐year‐old woman who was found to have concurrent parathyroid carcinoma with severe clinical manifestations of primary hyperparthyroidism in addition to an incidental papillary thyroid carcinoma. Parathyroid hormone level was 569 pg/ml (normal range 10–65), and the serum calcium concentration was 13.83 mg/dl (normal range, 8.8–10.4). Preoperative investigation found a large 3 cm anterior cervical nodule suggestive of parathyroid adenoma. Total thyroidectomy and left parathyroidectomy were performed, and the final anatomopathological examination of the operative specimen concluded the coexistence of papillary microcarcinoma and parathyroid carcinoma. Although parathyroid carcinoma is an uncommon cause of hypercalcemia, it should be considered when severe hypercalcemia is observed, and in case of coexistence of thyroid nodules. The possibility of both malignancies must also be considered since parathyroid and nonmedullary thyroid carcinoma rare cases have previously been reported.
In‐situ Integrated Plasmonic TiN@ZIF‐67 Composites for the Photoreduction of CO2into Solar Fuels: Insights into their Plasmonic Interaction and Mechanism
Authors: Becerra Jorge , Nair Gopalakrishnan Vishnu , Mohan Sakar , Nguyen D.‐T. , Do Trong‐On 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPlasmonic materials (PMs) essentially equip the photocatalysts to harvest energy from visible light photons. Interestingly, these PMs also support the photocatalysts, which has been realized upon the advent of non‐noble metals‐based PMs. In this context, this study reveals an interesting feature of TiN@ZIF‐67 plasmonic composite photocatalysts towards CO2reduction under solar irradiation. The composite is prepared via anin‐situand direct integration process, where the plasmonic TiN nanoparticles are surface‐modified using 3‐aminopropyl‐triethoxysilane/H‐Imidazole‐2‐carbaldehyde in the former and polyvinylpyrrolidone in the latter process to construct the 1H2ImCHO‐TiN@ZIF‐67 and TiN/PVP@ZIF‐67 composites, respectively. The structural and functional properties in these composites are confirmed using XRD and FTIR spectroscopy techniques. It is observed from the TEM images that the in‐situ integration leads to deep‐surface attachments of TiN on ZIF‐67, which exerted a major impact in the CO2photoreduction. The 1H2ImCHO‐TiN@ZIF‐67 shows the simultaneous production of ∼0.11 and 0.15 mmol g−1 h−1of methanol and ethanol, respectively; whereas, the TiN/PVP@ZIF‐67 produces only ∼0.31 mmol g−1h−1of methanol. The obtained results demonstrate that developed in‐situ synthetic approach is promising for the synthesis of efficient plasmonic photocatalysts and the product formation during CO2photoreduction can be dependent on how PMs are integrated with the host photocatalysts.
How Wetting Properties Influence the Wear of Radial Lip Sealing Systems
Authors: Fricker Philipp , Baumann Matthias , Bauer Frank 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIncreased wear on radial lip seal systems is observed when sealing modern lubricants, such as polyglycols and esters. This can impair the function of the sealing system and ultimately lead to leakage. This work, carried out within the AiF research project “Welleneinlauf” (wear of counter faces) [1], shows methods to identify and predict excessive wear of radial lip sealing systems based on their wetting properties and pumping rate. The knowledge gained will support users by providing faster and more cost‐effective testing methods early in the design process, thus enables a significant increase in the service life of radial lip sealing systems.
Real‐world effectiveness and safety of dupilumab in patients with moderate and severe atopic dermatitis: 2‐year experience
Authors: Fujiwara Chisako , Uchiyama Akihiko , Inoue Yuta , Ishikawa Mai , Motegi Sei‐ichiro 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveDupilumab has been deemed highly effective for atopic dermatitis (AD). However, there have been no reports performing a combination analysis with hematological data and improvement rates pertaining to the continued use of dupilumab for up to 2 years in real world. In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness and safety of using dupilumab for up to 2 years in 9 patients with AD at our hospital.MethodsThirty‐six patients with moderate‐to‐severe AD treated by dupilumab, and 9 of them treated for 2 years. Changes in the severity scoring, pruritus numerical rating scale (NRS), patient‐oriented eczema measure (POEM), serum levels of immunoglobulin E (IgE), thymus and activation‐regulated chemokine (TARC), eosinophils, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) at Week 0, 2, 4, 16, 48, 72, and 96 of those patients were investigated, and we studied features of the patients who had any adverse events (AEs).ResultsInvestigator’s global assessment (IGA), eczema area and severity index (EASI), body surface area (BSA), NRS, POEM, and serum levels of LDH were significantly decreased from Week 4 onwards to Week 96 compared with baseline condition. Serum levels of TARC and LDH were significantly decreased from Week 4 onwards to Week 96. Regarding 9 patients who were treated with dupilumab for up to 2 years, serum levels of TARC and eosinophils decreased without statistical significance. The serum levels of IgE significantly decreased at Week 72, 96 compared with the baseline. Regarding as AEs, ocular symptoms were the most frequently observed (15/36, 41.2%), and there were no cases of discontinuation due to AEs.ConclusionsTreatment with dupilumab was well tolerated and showed improvements in AD for at least 2 years.
Migration and emissions of selenium during chemical looping combustion of coal
Authors: Kang Huifen , Ma Jingjing , Guo Xintong , Han Ziheng , Hao Jian , Guo Qingjie 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSelenium is one of the most volatile toxic elements in coal, and its emissions must be strictly controlled. Chemical looping combustion (CLC) is a clean and efficient technology for coal. Herein, the iron‐based oxygen carrier (OC) was used as an adsorbent to study the migration and emissions of selenium during the CLC of coal. Due to the oxidation and adsorption of selenium by iron‐based OC, most of the selenium was retained in OC or distributed in the CO2 stream. The proportion of gaseous selenium released into the atmosphere was less than 10%—significantly lower than that from the traditional combustion process of coal, which had a value of 91.79%. The presence of OC increased the distribution phase of selenium, promoted the conversion of gaseous selenium to solid selenium, and reduced selenium emissions in flue gas. During CLC of coal, the fuel reactor (FR) temperature and the number of OC re‐oxidation cycles played an important role in the emissions and retention of selenium. The increasing FR temperature increased the gaseous selenium in the CO2 stream, reduced the particulate selenium absorbed by OC, and reduced the selenium emissions in the atmosphere. After 10 continuous CLC cycles, the selenium concentration in OC increased from 0.889 to 8.20 mg kg−1. The continuous cycling of CLC could realize the enrichment of selenium from coal to OC. Furthermore, the migration and transformation mechanism of selenium during CLC was deduced by experiments and thermodynamic simulation. This research provides a suitable reference for reducing selenium emissions and developing CLC technology.
Organization of the corticotropin‐releasing hormone and corticotropin‐releasing hormone‐binding protein systems in the central nervous system of the sea lamprey Petromyzon marinus
Authors: Sobrido‐Cameán Daniel , González‐Llera Laura , Anadón Ramón , Barreiro‐Iglesias Antón 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe expression of the corticotropin‐releasing hormone (PmCRH) and the CRH‐binding protein (PmCRHBP) mRNAs was studied by in situ hybridization in the brain of prolarvae, larvae, and adults of the sea lamprey Petromyzon marinus. We also generated an antibody against the PmCRH mature peptide to study the distribution of PmCRH‐immunoreactive cells and fibers. PmCRH immunohistochemistry was combined with antityrosine hydroxylase immunohistochemistry, PmCRHBP in situ hybridization, or neurobiotin transport from the spinal cord. The most numerous PmCRH‐expressing cells were observed in the magnocellular preoptic nucleus‐paraventricular nucleus and in the superior and medial rhombencephalic reticular formation. PmCRH expression was more extended in adults than in larvae, and some cell populations were mainly (olfactory bulb) or only (striatum, ventral hypothalamus, prethalamus) observed in adults. The preopto‐paraventricular fibers form conspicuous tracts coursing toward the neurohypophysis, but many immunoreactive fibers were also observed coursing in many other brain regions. Brain descending fibers in the spinal cord mainly come from cells located in the isthmus and in the medial rhombencephalic reticular nucleus. The distribution of PmCRHBP‐expressing neurons was different from that of PmCRH cells, with cells mainly present in the septum, striatum, preoptic region, tuberal hypothalamus, pretectum, pineal complex, isthmus, reticular formation, and spinal cord. Again, expression in adults was more extended than in larvae. PmCRH‐ and PmCRHBP‐expressing cells are different, excluding colocalization of these substances in the same neuron. Present findings reveal a complex CRH/CRHBP system in the brain of the oldest extant vertebrate group, the agnathans, which shows similarities but important divergences with that of mammals.
Unsupervised ensemble based deep learning approach for attack detection in IoT network
Authors: Shahnawaz Ahmad Mir , Mehraj Shah Shahid 
Published: September 2022

SummaryThe Internet of Things (IoT) has altered living by controlling devices/things over the Internet. IoT has specified many smart solutions for daily problems, transforming cyber‐physical systems (CPS) and other classical fields into smart regions. Most of the edge devices that make up the Internet of Things have very minimal processing power. To bring down the IoT network, attackers can utilize these devices to conduct a variety of network attacks. In addition, as more and more IoT devices are added, the potential for new and unknown threats grows exponentially. For this reason, an intelligent security framework for IoT networks must be developed that can identify such threats. In this paper, we have developed an unsupervised ensemble learning model that is able to detect new or unknown attacks in an IoT network from an unlabeled dataset. The system‐generated labeled dataset is used to train a deep learning model to detect IoT network attacks. Additionally, the research presents a feature selection mechanism for identifying the most relevant aspects in the dataset for detecting attacks. The study shows that the suggested model is able to identify the unlabeled IoT network datasets and DBN (Deep Belief Network) outperform the other models with a detection accuracy of 97.5% and a false alarm rate of 2.3% when trained using labeled dataset supplied by the proposed approach.