bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Challenges and Problems of Neuroeconomics: Several Tasks for Social Scientists
Authors: Müller Michal 
Published: November 2022

Neuroscience is a fascinating discipline – its dynamic progress has led to the emergence of new interdisciplinary research programmes with great potential. One of these research areas is neuroeconomics. As will be shown in this article, this discipline, which is difficult to clearly characterize and define, is faced with many problems. This paper argues that social scientists should be interested in the problems and tendencies in social neuroscience for several reasons. Neuroeconomics, and other disciplines inspired by neuroscience, will compete with their parent disciplines in many fields of interest. On one hand it will be necessary for scientists to define and defend the irreplaceable roles of their disciplines, but also critically evaluate the potential of new approaches on the other. In the context of this discussion, which reopens questions about the scientific status of economics and its roles, this paper introduces the main problems related to neuroeconomics. This paper concludes that these problems represent a wide domain for social scientists and methodologists of science.
Naturalness of Properties and Simplicity of Theories
Authors: Drobňák Matej 
Published: November 2022

In this paper, I discuss a specific approach to measuring and comparing the simplicity of theories that is based on Lewis’s notion of fundamental properties. In particular, I discuss the criterion of simplicity as stated by Williams. According to Williams, the best candidate for a theory is the one which has the shortest definition in terms of fundamental properties. The aim of this paper is to show that the criterion thus specified has two constraints. First, the criterion is not applicable to cases in which candidates for theories that specify fundamental properties are compared. Secondly, the applicability of the criterion in social sciences seems to be unwarranted.
Effect of a Small Amount of Cr and Mo on Aqueous CO2 Corrosion of Low-Alloyed Steel and Formation of Protective FeCO3 in Near-Saturation Conditions
Authors: Kondo Keiichi , Choi Yoon-Seok , Nešić Srdjan 
Published: November 2022

The effect of a small amount (1 wt%) of Cr or Mo on aqueous CO2 corrosion of low-alloyed steel and the formation of protective FeCO3 corrosion product layers was investigated under controlled water chemistry conditions, where the bulk saturation value of FeCO3 was maintained at near-saturated condition. Changes in CO2 corrosion rate with exposure time were monitored by linear polarization resisitance measurements. The surface morphology and the composition of the corrosion product layers were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction, and transmission electron microscopy. Results showed that the emergence of a continuous Fe3C layer created favorable conditions at the surface of nonalloyed steel (containing no Cr and Mo) for semiprotective FeCO3 to form even though the bulk saturation value of FeCO3 was maintained at near-saturated condition. However, semiprotective FeCO3 was not observed on the surface of 1% Cr steel and 1% Mo steel, but rather discontinuous and porous corrosion product layer was formed. Due to the hydrolysis reactions of Cr3+ and Mo3+, and the discontinuous structure of the corrosion product layers, the surface conditions for 1% Cr steel and 1% Mo steel were not favorable for the formation of FeCO3 under the experimental conditions of this study.
Heart disease in the course of systemic sclerosis – an observational study
Authors: Nowakowska-Płaza Anna , Wroński Jakub , Werońska-Tatara Joanna , Foryś Agnieszka , Kraska Alicja , Wisłowska Małgorzata 
Published: November 2022

IntroductionCardiac involvement is one of the major mortality factors in systemic sclerosis (SSc). This observational study aimed to compare patients with and without heart involvement in the course of SSc.Material and methodsElectronic medical records of patients treated between January 2021 and August 2022 in the Department of Rheumatology were searched for the diagnosis of SSc (ICD-10 code M47). The clinical characteristics of patients with and without heart involvement in the course of SSc were compared.ResultsOut of 36 patients with SSc, 7 patients were diagnosed with heart disease in the course of SSc. The major type of cardiac involvement was myocarditis (71%). The majority of patients with heart involvement had elevated troponin (86%) and NT-proBNP (71%) concentrations. The most common finding observed in echocardiography was diastolic failure (71%). The most frequent abnormality found in 24-hour Holter ECG was isolated supraventricular extrasystoles (100%). Risk factors for developing heart disease in the course of SSc were male gender (p = 0.018), diffuse type of SSc (p = 0.03), higher values of modified Rodnan skin score (p < 0.001), gastrointestinal tract involvement (p = 0.027) and myositis (p = 0.018).ConclusionsOptimal screening for heart disease is needed in this group of patients.
Bone-sparing effects of tocilizumab in rheumatoid arthritis: a monocentric observational study
Authors: Al Khayyat Suhel Gabriele , D'Alessandro Roberto , Conticini Edoardo , Pierguidi Serena , Falsetti Paolo , Baldi Caterina , Bardelli Marco , Gentileschi Stefano , Nicosia Antonella , Frediani Bruno 
Published: November 2022

IntroductionBone loss is a common feature in several autoimmune and chronic inflammatory diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Indeed, the high levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines seem to enhance bone resorption and to diminish bone formation, thus producing an uncoupling between osteoclast and osteoblast function and favoring the onset of juxtarticular as well as systemic osteoporosis. Many papers underline the high prevalence of osteoporosis in RA, as well as the negative correlation between interleukin 6 (IL-6) serum levels and bone mineral density (BMD). The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of one-year treatment with tocilizumab (TCZ), the first approved IL-6 receptor inhibitor, in reducing bone
loss in RA.Material and methodsWe enrolled 18 patients fulfilling 2010 ACR and EULAR criteria for RA from our arthritis outpatient clinic, assessing clinical and biochemical parameters during a 12-month period. The patients received TCZ 8 mg/kg i.v. every 4 weeks and underwent dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) for the measurement of bone mineral density (BMD) at baseline and at the end of study. Serum levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocytes sedimentation rate (ESR), IL-6, serum CrossLaps, osteoprotegerin (OPG), receptor activator of nuclear factor κβ ligand (RANK-L) and dickkopf-1 (DKK-1) were measured at baseline, at 6 months and 1 year.ResultsNo significant difference in IL-6, RANK-L, DKK-1, OPG and serum CrossLaps levels between baseline, 6 months and 1 year were found. A significant increase of lumbar spine BMD was evidenced after 1 year of TCZ treatment. No difference in total body and femoral neck BMD was documented the end of the study.ConclusionsThis study suggest the bone-sparing effect of TCZ in RA affected individuals.
Crowdfunding campaigns for the needs of people with rheumatic diseases living in Poland: a retrospective study
Authors: Kamiński Mikołaj , Borys Aleksandra , Hrycaj Paweł 
Published: November 2022

IntroductionPatients with rheumatic diseases may require costly treatment and continuous rehabilitation, which Internet collections may finance. We aimed to characterize medical crowdfunding campaigns for the needs of Polish people with rheumatic diseases.Material and methodsWe utilized data from the largest medical crowdfunding platform in Poland, Siepomaga.pl. All collections in the years 2009–2017 for the needs of people with rheumatic diseases were identified.ResultsTwenty-three of 2,656 collections were included (0.9%). Sixty-five and two percent of campaigns collected the financial target. The median amount of collected funds was 3,369 euros. Ten collections concerned conservative treatments (drug and/or rehabilitation), seven financed surgery, five supported the acquisition of medical equipment or its repair, and one aimed at facilitating a diagnostic consultation with a foreign specialist.ConclusionsPolish patients with rheumatic diseases collect funds via medical crowdfunding, mostly for needs not covered by public healthcare or to obtain better health services in the private sector.
LITERARY REVIEW ON CHURNA - AYURVEDA DOSAGE FORM
Authors: Singh Dr. Prashant Kumar , Shah Mithilesh Kumar , Singh Binod 
Published: November 2022

Bhaishajya Kalpana describes various types of dosage forms mainly prepared from herbal ingredients. The term Churna may be applied to the powder prepared by a single drug or a combination of more drugs. It may be considered as modified form of Kalka Kapana. For attaining better therapeutic results, it is advisable to powder all the drugs of formulation separately and then only they are supposed to be mixed together uniformly. It can be used as main medicament in the treatment of many diseases. It has both advantages and disadvantages. It can be used as Prakshepaka Dravya along with quantity & Sevana Vidhi. Hence, the prepared drug is to be stored in Air tight containers for packaging with maintaining quality parameters.
Robotic Surgical Systems for Orthopedics
Authors: Smith Andrea , Picheca Lory , Mahood Quenby 
Published: November 2022

Robotic surgical systems for orthopedics are used primarily in procedures to treat osteoarthritis (either partial or full knee replacement or total hip replacement), and in procedures to treat degenerative spinal disease or spinal alignment or curvature abnormalities. Robotic-assisted orthopedic surgeries are intended to improve the accuracy and precision of implant placement and may lead to improved clinical outcomes, shorter recovery time, and fewer revisions. Evidence around their clinical effectiveness is still limited, however, the trend suggests that robot-assisted surgeries may be comparable, or marginally better, in clinical effectiveness when compared to conventional techniques. Robotic-assisted surgery can reduce the length of inpatient stay, but it involves longer operative times. Larger, long-term, randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm their comparative effectiveness.
Robotic surgical systems for orthopedics are costly because their initial capital purchase is high, and each procedure requires the use of consumables. However, they may reduce length of stay, which can free up inpatient beds, and reduce rates of revision, which can be cost saving. While some evidence suggests that robotic-assisted knee and hip replacements can be cost-effective, there is limited cost-effectiveness information specific to Canadian contexts.
There is a steep learning curve to adopting robotic surgical systems and teams require training and ongoing technical support to ensure that the unit is used to its full capacity. The roles of team members, particularly nursing staff, may change and require advanced technical knowledge.
Robotic surgical systems are constantly evolving, integrating new and improved components such as augmented reality, artificial intelligence, digital imaging, and computer-assisted navigation. There will likely be many changes and refinements to these technologies over the coming years.
Temporal variability of tropospheric ozone and ozone profiles in the Korean Peninsula during the East Asian summer monsoon: insights from multiple measurements and reanalysis datasets
Authors: Bak Juseon , Song Eun-Ji , Lee Hyo-Jung , Liu Xiong , Koo Ja-Ho , Kim Joowan , Jeon Wonbae , Kim Jae-Hwan , Kim Cheol-Hee 
Published: November 2022

Abstract. We investigate the temporal variations of ground-level ozone and
balloon-based ozone profiles at Pohang (36.02∘ N, 129.23∘ E) in
the Korean Peninsula. Satellite measurements and chemical reanalysis products
are also intercompared to address their capability of providing consistent
information on the temporal and vertical variability of atmospheric ozone.
Sub-seasonal variations of the summertime lower-tropospheric ozone exhibit a
bimodal pattern related to atmospheric weather patterns modulated by the
East Asian monsoon circulation. The peak ozone abundances occur during the
pre-summer monsoon with enhanced ozone formation due to favorable
meteorological conditions (dry and sunny). Ozone concentrations reach their
minimum during the summer monsoon and then re-emerge in autumn before the
winter monsoon arrives. Profile measurements indicate that ground-level
ozone is vertically mixed up to 400 hPa in summer, while the impact of the
summer monsoon on ozone dilution is found up to 600 hPa. Compared to
satellite measurements, reanalysis products largely overestimate ozone
abundances in both the troposphere and stratosphere and give inconsistent
features of temporal variations. Nadir-viewing measurements from the Ozone
Monitoring Instrument (OMI) slightly underestimate the boundary layer ozone
but represent the bimodal peaks of ozone in the lower troposphere and
the interannual changes in the lower-tropospheric ozone in August well, with
higher ozone concentrations during strong El Niño events and low
ozone concentrations during the 2020 La Niña event.
Sizing ice hydrometeor populations using the dual-wavelength radar ratio
Authors: Matrosov Sergey Y. , Korolev Alexei , Wolde Mengistu , Nguyen Cuong 
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Dual-wavelength (3.2 and 0.32 cm, i.e., X- and W-radar bands) radar ratio (DWR) measurements in ice clouds and precipitation using Canada's National Research Council Institute for Aerospace Research airborne radar are compared to closely collocated particle microphysical
in situ sampling data in order to develop relations between DWR and characteristic hydrometeor size. This study uses the radar and in situ data
sets collected during the In-Cloud ICing and Large-drop Experiment (ICICLE) campaign in midlatitude frontal clouds. Since atmospheric particle
scattering at X band is predominantly in the Rayleigh regime and the W-band frequency is the highest frequency usually used for hydrometeor remote
sensing, the X–W-band combination provides a relatively strong dual-wavelength reflectivity difference. This study considers radar and in situ
measurements conducted in relatively homogeneous cloud and precipitation conditions. Measurements show that under these conditions, the difference
between the X-band radar reflectivities observed with vertical and horizontal pointing of the radar beam are generally small and often
negligible. However, W-band reflectivities at vertical beam pointing are, on average, larger than those for horizontal beam pointing by
about 4 dB, which is a non-Rayleigh scattering effect from preferentially oriented non-spherical particles. A horizontal radar beam DWR–mean volume particle size relation, Dv, provides robust estimates of this characteristic size for populations of particles with
different habits. Uncertainties of Dv retrievals using DWR are around 0.6 mm when Dv is greater than approximately
1 mm. Size estimates using vertical radar beam DWRs have larger uncertainties due to smaller dual-wavelength signals and stronger influences
of hydrometeor habits and orientations at this geometry of beam pointing. Mean relations among different characteristic sizes, which describe the
entire particle size distribution (PSD), such as Dv, and other sizes used in various applications (e.g., the mean, effective, and median
sizes) are derived, so the results of this study can be used for estimating different PSD characteristic sizes.
Mesoscale observations of temperature and salinity in the Arctic Transpolar Drift: a high-resolution dataset from the MOSAiC Distributed Network
Authors: Hoppmann Mario , Kuznetsov Ivan , Fang Ying-Chih , Rabe Benjamin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Measurements targeting mesoscale and smaller-scale processes in the ice-covered part of the Arctic Ocean are sparse in all seasons. As a result, there are significant knowledge gaps with respect to these processes, particularly related to the role of eddies and fronts in the coupled ocean–atmosphere–sea ice system. Here we present a unique observational dataset of upper ocean temperature and salinity collected by a set of buoys installed on ice floes as part of the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) Distributed Network. The multi-sensor systems, each equipped with five temperature and salinity recorders on a 100 m long inductive modem tether, drifted together with the main MOSAiC ice camp through the Arctic Transpolar Drift between October 2019 and August 2020. They transmitted hydrographic in situ data via the iridium satellite network at 10 min intervals. While three buoys failed early due to ice dynamics, five of them recorded data continuously for 10 months. A total of four units were successfully recovered in early August 2020, additionally yielding internally stored instrument data at 2 min intervals. The raw data were merged, processed, quality controlled, and validated using independent measurements also obtained during MOSAiC. Compilations of the raw and processed datasets are publicly available at https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.937271 (Hoppmann et al., 2021i) and https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.940320 (Hoppmann et al., 2022i), respectively. As an important part of the MOSAiC physical oceanography program, this unique dataset has many synergies with the manifold co-located observational datasets and is expected to yield significant insights into ocean processes and to contribute to the validation of high-resolution numerical simulations. While this dataset has the potential to contribute to submesoscale process studies, this paper mainly highlights selected preliminary findings on mesoscale processes.
New insights into the decadal variability in glacier volume of a tropical ice cap, Antisana (0°29′ S, 78°09′ W), explained by the morpho-topographic and climatic context
Authors: Basantes-Serrano Rubén , Rabatel Antoine , Francou Bernard , Vincent Christian , Soruco Alvaro , Condom Thomas , Ruíz Jean Carlo 
Published: November 2022

Abstract. We present a comprehensive study of the evolution of the glaciers
on the Antisana ice cap (tropical Andes) over the period 1956–2016. Based on
geodetic observations of aerial photographs and high-resolution satellite
images, we explore the effects of morpho-topographic and climate variables
on glacier volumes. Contrasting behaviour was observed over the whole
period, with two periods of strong mass loss, 1956–1964 (−0.72 m w.e. yr−1) and 1979–1997 (−0.82 m w.e. yr−1), and two periods with
slight mass loss, 1965–1978 (0.10 m w.e. yr−1) and 1998–2016 (−0.26 m w.e. yr−1). There was a 42 % reduction in the total surface area of
the ice cap. Individually, glacier responses were modulated by
morpho-topographic variables (e.g. maximum and median altitude and surface
area), particularly in the case of the small tongues located at low
elevations (Glacier 1, 5 and 16) which have been undergoing accelerated
disintegration since the 1990s and will likely disappear in the coming
years. Moreover, thanks to the availability of aerial data, a surging event
was detected on the Antisana Glacier 8 (G8) in the 2009–2011 period; such an event is
extremely rare in this region and deserves a dedicated study. Despite the
effect of the complex topography, glaciers have reacted in agreement with changes
in climate forcing, with a stepwise transition towards warmer and
alternating wet–dry conditions since the mid-1970s. Long-term decadal
variability is consistent with the warm–cold conditions observed in the
Pacific Ocean represented by the Southern Oscillation index.
Seriously Comic Vision: “Hop-Frog” and the Book of Esther
Authors: Anderson Judith Ellen 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
It is a “terrible” subject Poe admits in a letter to Annie Richmond about his latest story, “Hop-Frog.” It may seem surprising, therefore, to find that the book of Esther is an influential source for this tale and its subject. Yet, as this article argues, this biblical story’s footprints are discernable. Esther’s comedic characterizations, motifs, diction, and stylistic approaches reappear in Poe’s story, often with striking similitude. However, in accordance with his stated criteria for originality and his bent toward ironic opposition, Poe upends the biblical account. Esther’s story of heroic reversals aided by divine providence in a joyful triumph over monarchical oppression and death becomes a dark counternarrative of human madness and vengeance on a godless stage. The seriocomic vision in “Hop-Frog” retains the outlines and substance of its original source but in the form of a negative image with a distinctly original effect.
Influence of Face Mask and Tropical Climate on Subjective States: Affect, Motivation, and Selective Attention
Authors: Robin Nicolas , Dominique Laurent , Hue Olivier 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We investigated whether face mask wearing in a hot and humid environment would influence subjective states: motivation, affect, and the performance of cognitive tasks requiring attentional processes. Forty volunteers performed the tasks under 4 repeated conditions: in an air-conditioned (AC) room or a tropical climate (TC; hot and wet environment) while wearing a mask or not (counterbalanced). For each condition, they completed questionnaires on subjective states (affect, motivation, and attentional processes) by performing the Bells and d2 tests, and a comparison of men and women was an indirect focus of this study. Results showed that the participants had higher sensations of fatigue, thermal discomfort, and a negative affect when wearing a mask in the TC condition. Additionally, lower performance scores were noted in the Bells test when participants wore a mask in a TC compared with all other conditions. Lastly, the participants’ performance on the d2 test involving selective and sustained attention improved without a mask in AC and in TC conditions. Consequently, the results revealed that wearing a mask in a TC can induce anxiety, headaches, discomfort, and lower motivation.
Value of the Relationship and Motivation to Forgive Based on Future Anxiety
Authors: Meisner Michal , Sobol Malgorzata 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Forgiveness, understood as reestablishing a physical and emotional relationship with the harm-doer, may sometimes be dangerous, especially when the harm-doer is not worthy of the trust. This study investigated the relation between value of the relationship with the harm-doer, future anxiety, and the motivation to forgive. In the first experiment, participants described a situation of harm depicted in one of the Thematic Apperception Test pictures. In the second experiment, participants were asked to write about an experience of harm from their own past. The Dark Future Scale to assess future anxiety and the Transgression-Related Interpersonal Motivations to assess forgiveness were used. Future anxiety was the moderator of the relation between the perception of the value of the relationship with the harm-doer and the motivation to forgive. In the case of a strong future anxiety, there was a greater positive relation between the value of the relationship with the harm-doer and the motivation to forgive than when there was weak future anxiety. The results indicate that a harmed person with strong future anxiety will try to keep close to the harm-doer despite the fact that the harm-doer acted with the intention to harm and showed no remorse.
Supplemental materials for this article are available at https://files.press.uillinois.edu/journals/supplemental/ajp/sobol/index.html