bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Resistance matching materials nanoarchitectonics for better performances in water evaporation-driven generators
Authors: Gao Feng , Yu Zhiqiang , Zang Yunhao , Qu Jiangying , Hua Kaihui , Sun Zhenzhong 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The improvement of electricity production for water evaporation-driven generators (WEGs) remains a challenge. Herein, two types of WEGs were designed to study the resistance matching for improving the electricity production using the method of nanoarchitectonics. One type of reduced graphene oxide/carbon nanotube (RGO/CNT) WEG was constructed using RGO with adjustable resistances as working material and CNTs with fixed resistance as electrode material. The other type of graphene oxide (GO)/RGO WEG was constructed using RGO with adjustable resistance as electrode material and GO with fixed resistance was used as working material. The open circuit voltage of RGO/CNT increased from 15 to 56 mV and then decreased to 22 mV with increasing RGO resistance. The short circuit current of RGO/CNT also first increased and then decreased. The performance of GO/RGO was similar with that of RGO/CNT. Typically, the RGO/CNT and GO/RGO WEG showed the highest performance when the working material to electrode material resistance ratio was 2272 and 2365, respectively. It showed that the best resistance ratio of working material to electrode material was in the range of 2000–2500, which helped to improve about 2–5 times of electricity efficiency in the WEG. The present work provides a new direction for optimizing performance of WEGs.
Cathodoluminescence mapping of electron concentration in MBE-grown GaAs:Te nanowires
Authors: Tong Capucine , Bidaud Thomas , Koivusalo Eero , Rizzo Piton Marcelo , Guina Mircea , Galeti Helder Vinicius Avanço , Galvão Gobato Yara , Cattoni Andrea , Hakkarainen Teemu , Collin Stéphane 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Cathodoluminescence mapping is used as a contactless method to probe the electron concentration gradient of Te-doped GaAs nanowires. The room temperature and low temperature (10 K) cathodoluminescence analysis method previously developed for GaAs:Si is first validated on five GaAs:Te thin film samples, before extending it to the two GaAs:Te NW samples. We evidence an electron concentration gradient ranging from below 1 × 1018 cm−3 to 3.3 ×1018 cm−3 along the axis of a GaAs:Te nanowire grown at 640 °C, and a homogeneous electron concentration of around 6–8 × 1017 cm−3 along the axis of a GaAs:Te nanowire grown at 620 °C. The differences in the electron concentration levels and gradients between the two nanowires is attributed to different Te incorporation efficiencies by vapor–solid and vapor–liquid–solid processes.
Exploring kinematics graphs using Arduino and an interactive Excel spreadsheet
Authors: Ladeira V B , Calheiro L C , Goncalves A M B 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
We present a low-cost apparatus using Arduino and an ultrasonic distance sensor that permits students to learn about motion graphs more intuitively. Using an interactive interface built using Excel and an add-on, the students can see a graph of position or velocity as a function of time. They are invited to reproduce the proposed motion graph moving themselves in front of the sensor. The Excel spreadsheet presents a real-time of their movement together with the reference.
A liquid lens-based optical sensor for tactile sensing
Authors: Yang Hui , Fu Jian , Cao Ruimin , Liu Jiaqi , Wang Lihui 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Tactile sensing plays a crucial role in robot manipulation, robot interaction, and health monitoring. Because of high sensitivity, simple structure, and superior interference immunity, optical tactile sensors based on optical imaging or optical conduction have been one of the most active research. Herein, a novel liquid lens-based optical sensor (LLOS) is presented. Different with existed optical tactile sensors, the main body of the proposed sensor belongs to a variable-focus optical lens with a liquid-membrane structure, and its focal length is changed with the contact force, thereby changing the propagation direction of light and affecting the perceived light intensity of the photosensitive element. By conducting some testing experiments, the LLOS demonstrates fast response (about 0.021 s), stable dynamic response characteristics, and good linearity (R-squared is about 0.99), repeated measurement accuracy (<0.006 V), and measurement accuracy (<0.2 N). Hence, the LLOS provides a new and promising method to measure tactile and has potential application in robotics nondestructive grasping and interactive input devices.
Harmonic analysis of isotropic fields on the sphere with arbitrary masks
Authors: Grasshorn Gebhardt Henry S. , Doré Olivier 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Obtaining constraints from the largest scales of a galaxy survey is
challenging due to the survey mask allowing only partial measurement of large
angular modes. This scatters information from the harmonic-space 2-point
function away from the diagonal and introduces coupling between modes. In
this paper, we derive a custom eigenbasis adapted to any particular survey
geometry so that all information is retained on the diagonal. At the expense
of a somewhat complex pixel- and selection-function-window, the result is a
diagonal 2-point function with a simple shot noise, and a diagonal covariance
matrix in the case of a Gaussian random field. We derive the basis on the
surface of a sphere, and we use it to construct a 3D spherical Fourier-Bessel
power spectrum estimator assuming a survey geometry that is separable in the
angular and radial directions.
Diluted axion star collisions with neutron stars
Authors: Bai Yang , Du Xiaolong , Hamada Yuta 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Diluted axion star, a self-gravitating object with the quantum pressure balancing gravity, has been predicted in many models with a QCD axion or axion-like particle. It can be formed in the early universe and composes a sizable fraction of dark matter. One could detect the transient radio signals when it passes by a magnetar with the axion particle converted into photon in the magnetic field. Using both numerical and semi-analytic approaches, we simulate the axion star's dynamic evolution and estimate the fraction of axion particles that can have a resonance conversion during such a collision event. We have found that both self-gravity and quantum pressure are not important after the diluted axion star enters the Roche radius. A free-fall approximate can capture individual particle trajectories very well. With some optimistic cosmological and astrophysical assumptions, the QCD axion parameter space can be probed from detecting such a collision event by radio telescopes.
Space-borne atom interferometric gravitational wave detections. Part II. Dark sirens and finding the one
Authors: Yang Tao , Lee Hyung Mok , Cai Rong-Gen , Choi Han Gil , Jung Sunghoon 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we investigate the potential of dark sirens by the space-borne atom interferometric gravitational-wave detectors to probe the Hubble constant. In the mid-frequency band, the sources live a long time. The motion of a detector around the Sun as well as in Earth orbit would induce large Doppler and reorientation effects, providing a precise angular resolution. Such precise localization for the GW sources makes it possible to observe the dark sirens with only one potential host galaxy, which are dubbed “golden dark sirens”. We construct the catalogs of golden dark sirens and estimate that there are around 79 and 35 golden dark sirens of binary neutron stars (BNS) and binary black holes (BBH) that would be pass the detection threshold of AEDGE in 5 years. Our results show that with 5, 10, and all 79 golden dark BNS tracked by AEDGE one can constrain H
0 at 5.5%, 4.1%, and 1.8% precision levels. With 5, 10, and all 35 golden dark BBH one can constrain H
0 at 2.2%, 1.8%, and 1.5% precision levels, respectively. It suggests that only 5–10 golden dark BBH by AEDGE are sufficient to arbitrate the current tension between local and high-z measurements of H
0.
The H2S online detection in gaseous media using diode laser absorption spectroscopy in the range of 4860–4880 cm−1
Authors: Kireev S V , Kondrashov A A , Rybakov M A , Shnyrev S L , Sultangulova A I 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This paper reports on experimental measurement of H2S absorption in the spectral range of 4860–4880 cm−1 by means of diode laser absorption spectroscopy, and determines the H2S spectral absorption line in the generation area of the laser used, most promising in terms of H2S detection using this method.
Enhancing steered coherence in the Heisenberg model using Dzyaloshinsky–Moriya and Kaplan–Shekhtman–Entin-Wohlman–Aharony interactions
Authors: Xie Yu-Xia , Liu Xin-Yu 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Steered coherence characterizes the ability of one party to steer the coherence of another when they share a bipartite state. It is crucial to control its strength so as to use it as a resource for practical applications. We investigate average steered coherence (ASC) in the Heisenberg XXZ model. It is found that for the thermal state at finite temperature, the ASC can always be noticeably enhanced by adjusting the Dzyaloshinsky–Moriya and Kaplan–Shekhtman–Entin-Wohlman–Aharony interactions. There are also parameter regions in which the ASC approaches to its maximum. This result suggests an alternative for manipulating ASC in a spin system.
Soliton mode of terahertz radiation generation using picosecond laser pulses with tilted wave fronts
Authors: Sazonov S V , Ustinov N V 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The soliton-like mode for highly efficient generation of terahertz radiation in a quadratically nonlinear medium by means of optical pulses with tilted wave fronts is investigated. For optical and terahertz pulses, a system of the Zakharov–Boussinesq type equations describing the process of generation at arbitrary angles of the tilt of wave fronts is derived. Various cases of the soliton generation are analyzed. It is shown that the tilt of wave fronts is fundamental for the formation of the optical-terahertz solitons of a new type, which we call dispersionless solitons.
Predictions of radiation pattern and in–out asymmetries in the DEMO scrape-off layer using fluid neutrals
Authors: Aho-Mantila L. , Subba F. , Bernert M. , Coster D.P. , Wiesen S. , Wischmeier M. , Bonnin X. , Brezinsek S. , David P. , Militello F. , The ASDEX Upgrade Team  , The EUROfusion MST1 Team  
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Strongly radiating and detached high-power discharges in present-day full-metal tokamaks have a characteristic radiation pattern involving condensation of radiation near the X-point, with significant radiative losses above the X-point. In contrast, Demonstration Fusion Power Plant (DEMO) divertor exhaust scoping studies using reduced physics models, including a fluid description for the neutrals, place the strongest radiation fronts in the divertor legs, near the separatrix. The present contribution studies sensitivity of the radiation pattern corresponding to maximal divertor impurity radiation to those physics models that are typically neglected in the simulations due to their computational expense: cross-field drifts, complex impurity models and kinetic neutrals. Model benchmarking is carried out in comparison to L-mode discharges, which are shown to feature both divertor and X-point radiation. The simulated plasma conditions with maximal divertor radiation have in–out asymmetries in the divertor legs and at the divertor entrance, and the asymmetries and the radiation patterns are observed to be sensitive to both cross-field drift effects and the neutral model. DEMO simulations, carried out using SOLPS-ITER, show an impact of cross-field drifts on the divertor asymmetries, but the impact is not large enough to move the radiation front from the divertor legs to regions above the X-point.
Bottled water quality and associated health outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 20 years of published data from China
Authors: Cohen Alasdair , Cui Jingyi , Song Qingyang , Xia Qiwen , Huang Jiexuan , Yan Xinjia , Guo Yalu , Sun Yixin , Colford John M , Ray Isha 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Bottled water is a rapidly growing yet relatively understudied source of drinking water globally. In addition to concerns about the safety of bottled water, the adverse environmental health and social impacts associated with bottled water production, distribution, consumption, and reliance are considerable. Our objective was to comprehensively review, analyze, and synthesize ∼20 years of publicly available data on bottled water quality and associated health outcomes in China. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of publicly available studies of bottled water quality and associated health outcomes in China published between 1995 and early 2016 (in Chinese and English). We pre-specified and registered our study protocol, independently replicated key analyses, and followed standardized reporting guidelines. Our search identified 7059 potentially eligible records. Following screening, after full-text review of 476 publications, 216 (reporting results from 625 studies) met our eligibility criteria. Among many findings, 93.7% (SD = 10.1) of 24 585 samples tested for total coliforms (n = 241 studies), and 92.6% (SD = 12.7) of 7261 samples tested for nitrites (n = 85 studies), were in compliance with China’s relevant bottled water standards. Of the studies reporting concentration data for lead (n = 8), arsenic (n = 5), cadmium (n = 3), and mercury (n = 3), median concentrations were within China’s standards for all but one study of cadmium. Only nine publications reported health outcome data, eight of which were outbreak investigations. Overall, we observed evidence of stable or increasing trends in the proportions of samples in compliance over the ∼20 year period; after controlling for other variables via meta-regression, the association was significant for microbiological but not chemical outcomes (p = 0.017 and p = 0.115, respectively). Bottled water is typically marketed as being safe, yet in most countries it is less well-regulated than utility-supplied drinking water. Given the trend of increasing bottled water use in China and globally—and the associated environmental health impacts—we hope this work will help to inform policies and regulations for improving bottled water safety, while further highlighting the need for substantially expanding the provision of safe and affordable utility-supplied drinking water globally.
Application of microbiological fertilizers in barley cultivation technology
Authors: Koryagin Yu V , Kulikova E G , Koryagina N V , Trishina V A 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The current research was aimed at assessing the yield and grain quality of spring barley inoculated during sowing with microbiological fertilizers “Azotovit” and “Phosphatovit” on leached chernozem in the forest-steppe conditions of the Middle Volga region at a dose of 2 l/t. These microbiological fertilizers “Azotovit” and “Phosphatovit” used for seed inoculation had practically no effect on field germination and safety of spring barley. With the pre-sowing treatment of Azotovit seeds, the sparseness of crops averaged 11.1%, with the treatment of Phosphatovit seeds - 9.5%, and with the treatment of both Azotovit and Phosphatovit seeds amounted to 7.4% at 15.7% on control. The use of the fertilizers led to an increase in the productivity of spring barley seeds up to 3.25 t/ha. The highest grain yield was obtained with the combined use of “Azotovit” and “Phosphatovit”, where the yield was higher than in the control by 0.36 t/ha (12.3%). The number of seeds per 1 crop and the mass of seeds per 1 crop, with the combined use of “Azotovit” and “Phosphatovit”, on average over two years of research increased by 2.8 pcs and 0.108 g, relatively, compared with the control group. Grain quality indicators have improved. Treatment of seeds of spring barley before sowing with micronutrient fertilizers increased the weight of 1000 grains by 3.5 g in comparison with the control group; increased the grain size by 2.7-13.1 g/l. The smallest increase in the grain productivity was observed in the case with seed treatment before sowing “Azotovit” and “Phosphatovit” by 2.7 g/l and 3.9 g/l, relatively, and the greatest increase in the grain productivity was obtained in the case with the combined use of both fertilizers by 13.1 g/l. This indicates a positive effect from the use of microbiological fertilizers in the barley cultivation technology.
Miscanthus giganteus in the Middle Volga region: opportunities and prospects
Authors: Gushchina V A , Volodkin A A , Ostroborodova N I , Lykova A S 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The main raw material for the production of cellulose is wood, which is also used as fuel, but it takes at least 80 years to regenerate forests. Therefore, it became necessary to find other possible sources of energy and cellulose. Miscanthus giganteus could become a possible and efficient renewable raw material. It also could replace forest crops in several ways. In this regard, in the Middle Volga region, which belongs to the zone of unstable moisture, the current research has been carried out since 2013 on the application of Miscanthus giganteus in light gray soil. Well-formed plants in the year the sowing with sufficient moisture provided the yield of the aboveground mass of 14 t/ha, in the second year it increased 2 times, in the third, despite the arid conditions, it reached 36 t/ha. The next two years were the most productive, when, with sufficient moisture, it was received 40 and 41 t/ha. In the severely arid years 2018 and 2019, it decreased by 9 and 11 t/ha, respectively, in relation to the fifth year of growing. The growing season of the last two years was favorable, but precipitation fell earlier or later than the critical phases of Miscanthus giganteus growing, which led to a decrease in yield to 25 t/ha. On average, per year, starting from the second year of growing, it could form 32 t/ha of energy biomass, which in terms of cellulose content, depending on the age of plants, is equal to wood (48.10-59.81%), and in terms of calorific value, raw materials correspond to the European standards.
Effect of liming and fertilisation systems on the physico-chemical properties of leached chernozem (black soil)
Authors: Zheryakov E V , Zheryakova Y I , Breducheva E S 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Long-term agricultural use of chernozems (black soils) leads to a decline in their effective fertility. The depletion of the arable and subsoil horizons in calcium can occur under the influence of natural and anthropogenic factors. The strongest anthropogenic impact on physico-chemical properties is caused by varying levels of fertilizer application. Average annual rate of pHkcl decrease on unfertilized variant was 0.008-0.01 units per year. At the same time in the grain-fallow crop rotation the decrease of pHkcl is more intensive than in the grain-grass crop rotation. Under the influence of mineral fertilizers the growth rate of acidity increased by 1.8-2.1 times. After 12 years after application of organic fertilizers the value of acidity increased by 0.13-0.15 units after carrying out the experiment with pHkcl in comparison with initial values. The application of dolomite flour contributed to the increase of pHkcl by 0.41-0.53 units as early as one year after application of the ameliorant, the maximum shift was observed on the 4th-5th years. The application of organic and mineral fertilizers contributed to the trend of increasing the content of available phosphorus in the soil, compared with the unfertilized variant in both crop rotations. The content of mobile forms of phosphorus increased in the variants where green manure crops were sown. The application of manure and mineral fertilizers had no significant effect on the content of potassium in the soil. When using organo-mineral fertilizer system, as well as its combination with crop-sideration, there was a tendency of some increase in potassium content in the arable layer. The minimum additional yield was obtained for all crops with the application of 8 tonnes of manure per hectare of crop rotation land, and the maximum was obtained with the organo-mineral fertilisation system and its combination with crop-sideration. Liming increased the productivity of all crops.
Vegetable crop breeding for increased antioxidant content is a promising direction for healthy food production
Authors: Pivovarov V F , Soldatenko A V , Pishnaya O N 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The article presents the directions and results of breeding work of FSBSI Federal Scientific Centre for Vegetable Growing for improved biochemical composition of vegetable crops. The gene pool of traditional and rare vegetable crops is evaluated by their antioxidant properties, the best samples with high content of dry matter, sugars, ascorbic acid, carotenoids, phenolic compounds, macro- and microelements are selected as the starting material for further breeding for improved biochemical composition. Especially valuable in this direction are cabbages, onions, pumpkins, nightshades, root crops, greens and low-spreading crops. It is shown that in recent years there has been considerable interest in the food use of seedlings of various vegetable crops. Scientists and breeders are increasingly turning to wild species as sources of new material to expand the genetic basis of crops to enhance their antioxidant status, adaptive potential and resistance to biotic stresses, such crops include chervil, ornamental onions, spicy-flavored crops and others. It is shown that breeding vegetable crops for improving the biochemical composition of fruits has great prospects, since the introduction into production of varieties and hybrids with high antioxidant status will increase their food and medicinal value without additional costs of irreplaceable energy sources and will serve as the basis for creating functional products. Functional foods should be obligatory on the market alongside traditional foods, as they can complement traditional ones by acting as a kind of medicinal or preventive remedy.
Seed productivity of festulolium (× Festulolium F. Ashers. EtGraebn.) of the Emerald variety in the forest-steppe conditions of the Middle Volga region
Authors: Galiullin A A , Kalinichev E A , Ilyina G V 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The current research deals with the effect of exogenous seed treatment of festulolium plants with the Emerald festolulolium variety. The results allow to conclude that Megamix-Profi at a dose of 2 l/t of seeds increases the photosynthetic activity of festulolium plants, improves the structure of the yields, and increases yields in quantity and quality by an average of 149 kg/ha, which is 18.5% higher than in the control. Moreover, the examined crops obtained the greatest indicators of adaptability and stability to cultivation conditions.
A direct methodology for the calibration of ductile damage models from a simple multiaxial test
Authors: Cortis Gabriele , Nalli Filippo , Piacenti Marcello 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In the present work a straightforward calibration procedure of ductile damage models is proposed. The direct methodology involves the use of a simple multiaxial specimen, to be tested with a universal testing machine, capable to reproduce different stress states in the material. The specimen geometry was the one proposed by Driemeier et al. [1]. In addition, a numerical-analytical procedure was devised for the identification of material strains to fracture and corresponding stress states, directly from experimental tests. This allowed to overcome the use of Finite Element Analysis and inverse methods usually adopted to retrieve the local parameters representative of the material ductility.