bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Position‐track‐time three‐dimensional network model‐based improvement for high‐speed rail scheduling and operation
Authors: Wang Jin , Ai Chengbo , Chen Yongjun , A Runa , Wang Weidong , Qiu Shi 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe train timetable and station operation plan play a critical role in the high‐speed railway (HSR) planning and management. The existing hierarchical optimization methods for the planning process of the HSR would affect the efficiency of train schedules and are often difficult to achieve an optimized scheme. This paper proposes a position‐track‐time three‐dimensional network, which describes the process of train operations in sections and stations at a macroscopic scale, while the track infrastructure including the position of insulation joints in stations are modeled microscopically. The modeled train running times and dwell times are based on standard timetable design values given in full minutes by the China Railway Corporation, while the interlocking times and minimum headway times are not specified explicitly. The problem is formulated as a large‐scale 0–1 linear integer programming model, which is solved using an extended branch‐and‐price algorithm. The effectiveness and precision of the model are verified through a real‐world case study on the Beijing–Shanghai HSR line. The results indicate that the proposed model can effectively improve the line capacity by 17.2% while ensuring that there is no conflict between train operations in sections and stations.
Feedback regulation of auxin signaling through the transcription of H2A.Z and deposition of H2A.Z to SMALL AUXIN UP RNAs in Arabidopsis
Authors: Sun Aiqing , Yin Chunmei , Ma Min , Zhou Ying , Zheng Xiaoyun , Tu Xiaoyu , Fang Yuda 
Published: August 2022

Summary

Auxin is a critical phytohormone that is involved in the regulation of most plant growth and developmental responses. In particular, epigenetic mechanisms, like histone modifications and DNA methylation, were reported to affect auxin biosynthesis and transport. However, the involvement of other epigenetic factors, such as histone variant H2A.Z, in the auxin‐related developmental regulation remains unclear.

We report that the histone variant H2A.Z knockdown mutant in Arabidopsis Col‐0 ecotype, h2a.z‐kd, has more lateral roots and weak gravitational responses related to auxin‐regulated growth performances. Further study revealed that auxin promotes the eviction of H2A.Z from the auxin‐responsive genes SMALL AUXIN‐UP RNAs (SAURs) to activate their transcriptions.

We found that IAA promotes the transcription of H2A.Z genes through HOMEOBOX PROTEIN 22/25 (AtHB22/25) transcription factors which work as downstream targets of ARF7/19 in auxin signaling. Double mutant of hb22 hb25 showed similar lateral root and gravitropism phenotypes to h2a.z‐kd.

Our results shed light on a reciprocal regulation hub through INOSITOL AUXOTROPHY 80‐mediated H2A.Z eviction and ARF7/19‐HB22/25‐mediated H2A.Z transcription to modulate the activation of SAURs and plant growth in Arabidopsis.
Mortality and Related Risk Factors of Fragile Hip Fracture
Authors: Wang Pei‐Wen , Yao Xue‐Dong , Zhuang Hua‐Feng , Li Yi‐Zhong , Xu Hao , Lin Jin‐Kuang , Liu Wen‐Ge 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo explore the mortality of patients with fragile hip fractures and assess the death‐associated risk factors.MethodsA total of 690 patients with osteoporotic hip fractures (age, 50–103 years) that were treated from January 2010 to December 2015 were enrolled and followed‐up in this study and the clinical data were retrospectively collected. Three months, 1 year, and the total mortality were measured. Mortality‐related risk factors were assessed including age, gender, surgery, the duration from injury to operation, pulmonary infection, and the number and type of complications. The mortality of each group was compared by chi‐square test or corrected chi‐square test for univariate analysis, and the factors with statistically significant mortality difference confirmed by univariate analysis were analyzed by binary logistic multivariate analysis.ResultsThe 3‐month mortality was 7.69%, the 1‐year mortality was 15.60%, and the total mortality of the follow‐up time was 24.06%. The 1‐year and total mortality during the follow‐up of the patients were higher in the >75‐year‐old group than those in the ≤75‐year‐old group (p = 0.000, respectively); were higher in the male patients than that in the female patients (p = 0.042; p = 0.017, respectively); were significantly lower in the operation group than that in the non‐operation group (p = 0.000, respectively); were significantly lower in the patients that underwent the operation in ≤5 days than the patients that underwent the operation within >5 days (p = 0.008; p = 0.000, respectively); were significantly lower in patients with >2 kinds of combined medical diseases than those with ≥2 kinds of chronic diseases (p = 0.000, respectively); were significantly lower in patients receiving anti‐osteoporosis treatment than in patients not receiving anti‐osteoporosis treatment (p = 0.000, p = 0.002, respectively). Binary logistic regression analysis showed that the independent risk factors affecting mortality included advanced age >75‐years‐old (OR = 5.653, p = 0.000), male (OR = 1.998, p = 0.001), non‐surgical treatment (OR = 9.909, p = 0.000), the number of combined medical diseases ≥2 (OR = 1.522, p = 0.042), and non‐anti‐osteoporosis treatment (OR = 1.796, p = 0.002).ConclusionAge, whether or not surgical treatment was performed, the number of medical diseases, and whether or not anti‐osteoporosis treatment was performed were independent risk factors for 3‐month and 1‐year mortality in patients with fragile hip fractures.
Planetary‐scale change to the biosphere signalled by global species translocations can be used to identify the Anthropocene
Authors: Williams Mark , Leinfelder Reinhold , Barnosky Anthony D. , Head Martin J. , McCarthy Francine M. G. , Cearreta Alejandro , Himson Stephen , Holmes Rachael , Waters Colin N. , Zalasiewicz Jan , Turner Simon , McGann Mary , Hadly Elizabeth A. , Stegner M. Allison , Pilkington Paul Michael , Kaiser Jérôme , Berrio Juan Carlos , Wilkinson Ian P. , Zinke Jens , Delong Kristine L. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe examine three distinctive biostratigraphic signatures of humans associated with hunting and gathering, landscape domestication and globalization. All three signatures have significant fossil records of regional importance that can be correlated inter‐regionally and help describe the developing pattern of human expansion and appropriation of resources. While none have individual first or last appearances that provide a globally isochronous marker, all three signatures overlap stratigraphically, in that they are part of a continuum of change, with complex regional patterns. Here we show that during the later stages of globalization, late nineteenth to twentieth century records of species translocations can be used to build an interconnected web of palaeontological correlation with decadal or sub‐decadal precision that dovetails with other stratigraphic markers for the Anthropocene. This palaeontological web is also a proxy for accelerating species extinction and of a state shift in the biosphere in the twentieth century.
Extensive blaschkoid hypopigmentation in a girl with MED12‐related disorder
Authors: Wang Cynthia X. , King Katherine B. , Bayliss Susan J. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMED12‐related disorders represent a spectrum of rare neurodevelopmental disorders causing intellectual disability, dysmorphic features, and other systemic abnormalities. We report a case of a 21‐month‐old girl with extensive hypopigmentation following Blaschko lines attributed to underlying MED12‐related disorder.
Reassessment of the occurrence and distribution of Xanthomonas arboricola on fruit trees in Iran
Authors: Zarei Sadegh , Taghavi S. Mohsen , Osdaghi Ebrahim 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBacterial canker and spot of stone fruits and bacterial blight of walnut, caused by different pathovars of Xanthomonas arboricola, namely X. arboricola pv. pruni and X. arboricola pv. juglandis, respectively, are considered among quarantine or regulated (nonquarantine) agents in different countries. The two pathogens were initially reported in Iran in 2005 and 1977, respectively. However, the precise identity, pathogenicity status and geographic distribution of these pathogens have been questioned. In this study, we have employed a series of comprehensive field surveys and samplings over a course of 5 years (2015–2019) across 16 provinces to reassess and clarify the occurrence and distribution of X. arboricola on fruit and nut trees in Iran. Besides dozens of non‐Xanthomonas and nonpathogenic bacterial strains, 27 X. arboricola strains were isolated from stone fruits (n = 13) and walnut (n = 14). Except for the strains Peh35, Peh78 and Peh79, the stone fruit strains were nonpathogenic on their host of isolation as well as several other plant species, while the walnut strains were pathogenic on their host of isolation. Multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA) of four housekeeping genes, atpD, dnaK, gyrB and rpoD, revealed that among the stone fruit strains only Peh78 and Peh79 could be assigned into X. arboricola pv. pruni, while the walnut strains were identified as X. arboricola pv. juglandis. Based on the results of pathogenicity assays and phylogenetic analyses, we confirm the occurrence of X. arboricola pv. juglandis in Iran, while X. arboricola pv. pruni was absent in the plant samples evaluated in this study.
Changes in sperm metabolites of Dezhou donkey after cryopreservation
Authors: Yu Jie , Wang Zhaofei , Wang Fuwen , Wang Wenhao , Ge Shihao , Fan Zhaobin , Liu Bing , Li Min , Dong Boying , Zhao Fuwei , Dang Ruihua 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSperm cryopreservation technology has laid the foundation for promoting the popularity of artificial insemination in donkey reproduction, but the freeze–thaw process can cause sperm damage, and the viability of frozen sperm is greatly reduced, resulting in low insemination ability. Sperm metabolites play an important role in the freezing process of spermatozoa and have a major influence on the freezability of spermatozoa. The aim of this study was to explore the differential metabolites in donkey spermatozoa before and after cryopreservation by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS). We analysed ejaculate samples from male donkeys obtained before and after freezing and identified 1323 metabolites. Compared with fresh sperm (F), the metabolites of cryopreserved sperm (CRY) were significantly changed, and 570 metabolites were significantly different between the two groups (p < .05). Among them, 277 metabolites were higher in frozen sperm, while the opposite was true for 293 metabolites. These metabolites mainly include phospholipids, lysophospholipids and amino acids., most of which are associated with oxidative stress and sperm capacitation. We describe significantly different metabolites before and after freezing that are significantly associated with decreased sperm motility post‐freezing and can be used as biomarkers of decreased sperm motility post‐freezing.
Interprofessional collaboration utilizing oral health therapists in nursing homes: Perceptions of oral health therapists and nursing home staff in Singapore
Authors: Ho Shenna Yu‐En , Walsh Laurence James , Pradhan Archana , Yang Jingrong , Chan Pei Yuan , Lopez Silva Claudia Patricia 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIntroductionOral health therapists (OHTs) have the potential to increase the access to oral care for elderly residents in nursing homes (NHs).AimsTo evaluate the perceptions of NH staff and OHTs regarding the barriers and enablers toward oral care provision for elderly NH residents, and their perceptions toward interprofessional collaboration through the utilization of OHTs in NHs.MethodologyElectronic surveys were completed by 231 direct care and 15 managerial staff from 15 NHs, and 103 OHTs. Factors influencing oral care provision, and aspects of awareness, capabilities, and willingness/interest toward collaboration were evaluated.ResultsThe OHTs and NH staff reported mutually positive responses toward interprofessional collaboration. The most frequently reported barriers by the NH staff were the lack of regular support from dental health professionals and inadequate knowledge and skills. The OHTs expressed willingness and competence in assisting the NH staff, but lacked regulatory and educational support.ConclusionOHTs have the potential to address the barriers faced by the NH staff, if adequately supported through policy and education. Oral health promotion in intermediate and long‐term care sectors should take into account this potential for interprofessional collaboration through greater utilization of the skill‐set of OHTs.
Perceptions of interprofessional education among Malaysian clinical healthcare students
Authors: Ahmad Mas Suryalis , Asban Muhammad Asyrani , Mohd Salleh Nur Syafiah Aina , Mohd Sarmin Nurul ‘Izzah , Abd Rahman Aida Nur Ashikin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIntroductionInterprofessional education (IPE), which is aimed at improving the quality of patient care and overall health outcome, has been advocated to prepare future healthcare professionals for collaborative practiceObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate the perceptions of IPE among clinical healthcare students at a Malaysian institutionMethodsA validated questionnaire, developed from previous studies, was distributed online to selected final year students of 10 clinical programs from medical, dental, pharmacy and health sciences faculties (n = 501). Quantitative data was analyzed via chi‐square test (significance value p < .05) using social sciences software (SPSS).ResultsThe overall response rate was 76.4% (n = 383). About 63.2% of respondents reported having experienced IPE. This experience took place in lectures (32.1%) and online courses/webinars (36.2%). The majority of respondents provided positive feedback on various aspects of IPE. There was an insignificant difference among respondents across all programs in terms of their perception of its importance and effectiveness as well as their own preference for multidisciplinary lectures as a mode to conduct IPE. Most students agreed that challenges in conducting IPE include time constraints (83%), communication difficulties (70.8%), and lack of skills (57.4%), with no significant difference across programs. Students opined that IPE was beneficial in providing exposure to other disciplines, encouraging peer interactions, developing new skills, and improving overall learning experience. However, some reported challenges in integrating with other students, while others cited compromised experience due to problems with crowd controlConclusionStudents’ support for IPE has positive implications for future implementation and highlights areas for improvement and further development.
Justice for Walker: Warlpiri responses to the police shooting of Kumunjayi Walker
Authors: Hargraves Ned Jampijinpa , Fernandez‐Brown Samara , Nelson Harry Jakamarra , Granites Robin Japanangka , Robertson Eddie Jampijinpa , Martin Valerie Napaljarri , Brown Margaret Napanangka , Williams Warren Japanangka , Williams Louanna Napangardi , Curran Georgia 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe police shooting of Kumunjayi Walker in Yuendumu in November 2019 instigated an immediate and determined response from Warlpiri families who were shocked and saddened by the death of a loved one in the prime of his life and enraged by this latest event in a long string of colonial injustices. This article collates perspectives as expressed in interviews and public statements from Warlpiri spokespeople who have been on the frontline of the fight for Justice for Walker. Incorporating the initial responses in the days after the shooting, the links to the Coniston massacre in Warlpiri and neighbouring country in 1928, the ongoing horror of Aboriginal deaths in custody and the escalating energy behind the Black Lives Matter campaigns across the world, this article illustrates, through Warlpiri voices, the ways in which people from Yuendumu have expertly used the techniques of activist campaigns in their resolute fight for justice for Walker, for all Aboriginal people across Australia and for Black and First Nations people world‐wide.
LESSONS FROM THE QUEST FOR ARTIFICIAL CONSCIOUSNESS: THE EMERGENCE CRITERION, INSIGHT‐ORIENTED AI, AND IMAGO DEI
Authors: Lumbreras Sara 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThere are several lessons that can already be drawn from the current research programs on strong AI and building conscious machines, even if they arguably have not produced fruits yet. The first one is that functionalist approaches to consciousness do not account for the key importance of subjective experience and can be easily confounded by the way in which algorithms work and succeed. Authenticity and emergence are key concepts that can be useful in discerning valid approaches versus invalid ones and can clarify instances where algorithms are considered conscious, such as Sophia or LaMDA. Subjectivity and embeddedness become key notions that should also lead us to re‐examine the ethics of decision delegation. In addition, the focus on subjective experience shifts what is relevant in our understanding of ourselves as human beings and as an image of God, namely, in de‐emphasizing intellectuality in favor of experience and contemplation over action.
Design, Development, and Validation of a Whole-Body Vibration Measurement Device
Authors: Silva Patrícia , Seabra Eurico , Mendes Joaquim 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMeasurements of whole-body vibration are fundamental to access and evaluate comfort levels and possible injury development in the human being. International standards such as ISO 2631 and ISO 10326 are dedicated to the measurement and validation of mechanical systems to access vibration levels. Nowadays, the traditional measurement devices require multiple components and so hence become highly bulky, do not allow autonomous data recording, and are expensive. Following the previously mentioned standards, the present research is focused on the design and validation of a new and economic whole-body vibration measurement device. The developed device, besides being capable to measure the whole-body vibration, allows the user to select multiple sample ratings, is capable to record data on a µSD card, is easily moved and adapted, and is autonomous and low cost. This device is composed of three main components: a tri-axial accelerometer, a protective metal case, and semi-rigid rubber disc. Shaker tests were conducted to evaluate the measurement capability of the whole system and the influence of each component on the vibration measurements. This article will introduce the design and development steps for the proposed system. Concerning the validation phase, its results will be discussed and analyzed.
Optimization of an Organic Ranking Cycle Radial Turbine Using a Reduced-Order Model Coupled With Computational Fluid Dynamics
Authors: Alvarez-Regueiro Eva , Yang Bijie , Barrera-Medrano Esperanza , Martinez-Botas Ricardo , Rajoo Srithar 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This paper presents the geometry optimization of a single stage radial turbine for an organic ranking cycle (ORC) system operating over a pressure ratio of 9. The specific fluid used in this investigation is R1233zd (E), but the methodology applies to other organic fluids as well. The ORC system is used to recover excess waste heat from the operation of an offshore oil and gas platform in the gulf of Thailand and its conditions will be replicated at pilot plant level. The geometry is optimized for the highest total-to-static efficiency using nongradient based algorithms to allow for wide design space. Firstly, a one-dimensional meanline geometry is optimized, which is followed by a computational fluid dynamics (cfd) optimization in three-dimensional using a parameterized model. cfd is used to validate and calibrate the meanline model as well as to understand the flow and the sensitivity of the design parameters not captured by the low-order model. Moreover, the flow field of the successful designs is analyzed by cfd to identify the main flow structures that explain the difference in performance among the designs. The nonideal gas thermophysical properties of R1233zd (E) are calculated using equations of state to account for the nonideal gas behavior.
Experimental Investigation of Interactions Between Two Closely Spaced Azimuthal Modes in a Multinozzle Can Combustor
Authors: Kim Jeongwon , John Tony , Adhikari Subodh , Wu David , Emerson Benjamin , Acharya Vishal , Isono Mitsunori , Saito Toshihiko , Lieuwen Timothy 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Thermoacoustic instabilities in annular or circular combustors are often coupled with azimuthal modes. These modes can be characterized by a spin ratio (SR), which quantifies the dominant mode between two counter-rotating waves, and a phase difference between them, which is directly related to the orientation of the antinodal line. This study investigates the instability amplitudes, SR, and phase difference of two closely spaced (3% of their mean frequency), yet distinct azimuthal modes; one is the first azimuthal (1A) mode, and the other is a combination of first azimuthal and first longitudinal (1A1L) mode. Each mode itself consists of two peaks that are spaced even more closely in frequency (0.8%). Furthermore, distinct harmonics at 2× and 3× of these frequencies, presumably associated with nonlinearities, are also evident in the spectra. Each mode is bandpass filtered in spectrum to analyze them separately. For the 1A mode, the SR and phase difference exhibit a variety of behaviors—including quasi-periodic standing waves, spinning waves, and intermittency—depending on operating conditions such as thermal power and azimuthal fuel staging. Similar trends are observed for the 1A1 L mode. Moreover, there is clear coupling between the 1A and 1A1 L modes, as their SRs are almost synchronized during the quasi-periodic standing wave. This synchronization is observed in phase differences as well, but not in the instability amplitude. For spinning dominant wave conditions, the SRs of each mode have similar average values, but they fluctuate in a seemingly random fashion. For the phase difference, both average and fluctuation are not correlated. In contrast, the instability amplitudes are strongly correlated, with modulation of the 1A mode leading to that of the 1A1 L mode. These results clearly indicate that complex coupling occurs across closely spaced frequencies under instability conditions, coupling that must be understood in order to capture limit cycle dynamics.