bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A retrospective analysis of respiratory virus transmission before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Pune the western region of India
Authors: Bhardwaj Sumit , Choudhary Manohar Lal , Jadhav Sheetal , Vipat Veena , Ghuge Rohan , Salvi Sonali , Kulkarni Rajesh , Kinikar Aarti , Padbidri Vikram , Bafna Sanjay , Bavdekare Ashish , D'costa Pradeep , Gujar Nilesh , Potdar Varsha 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundSARS-CoV-2 was first reported in China in December 2019 and quickly spread across the world. Non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) are the key to control the transmission of respiratory viruses. To stop the spread, NPI is widely recommended and is still followed by most countries.MethodsAt the National Influenza Center of the Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Virology (ICMR-NIV), the surveillance of severe acute respiratory illness and acute respiratory illness cases for influenza and other respiratory viruses is in place. In this study, we analyzed surveillance data on respiratory viruses and/or SARS-CoV-2 testing from January 2017 to December 2021. Multiplex real-time PCR was used to detect the respiratory viruses.ResultsOur findings indicate that during the pandemic, the positivity for influenza A and B, metapneumovirus, parainfluenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus, and human coronavirus declined significantly.ConclusionThe annual distinct seasonal outbreaks of influenza, RSV, and other respiratory viruses as observed during the pre-COVID-19 period were not observed during the COVID-19 pandemic in years 2020 and 21. Social distancing, lock-downs, and non-pharmaceutical interventions may play an important role in the reduction of respiratory viruses. Understanding the seasonal respiratory virus decline could help public health experts prepare for future respiratory virus pandemics.
Ways of HIV transmission in China: The effect of age, period, and cohort
Authors: Wang Tang , Gu Yaohua , Ran Li , Tan Xiaodong , Peng Shuzhen 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundAcquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a global pandemic caused by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), which is transmitted through human behaviors, such as sexual intercourse, intravenous drug injection, and blood transfusion. Rare studies have focused on the evaluation of the effects of culture, society, and HIV-related policies in adjusting people's HIV-related behaviors, i.e., ways of HIV transmission.MethodsBy taking the new HIV infections in Hubei Province each year from 1995 to 2020 as the sample, our study used the Hierarchical Age-Period-Cohort (HAPC) model to analyze the effects of age, period, and cohort on the trends of ways of HIV transmission.ResultsFrom 1995 to 2020, the number of new HIV infections in Hubei presented a general upward trend. A total of 34,636 HIV infections were reported during this period. According to the statistics of the new HIV infections in Hubei Province between 1995 and 2020, there is a negative correlation between age (−0.099, p &lt; 0.001), squared age (−0.002, p &lt; 0.001), and the rate of blood transmission. While there is a positive correlation between age (0.143, p &lt; 0.001), squared age (0.002, p &lt; 0.001), and the rate of HIV infection through sexual transmission. The significant period and cohort effects on ways of HIV transmission were also observed in the Chinese population.ConclusionSexual and blood transmission are the two main ways of HIV infection in China and Hubei. The trend of blood transmission is in accordance with the wave of blood trade in the early 1990s in China. The trend of sexual transmission indicates an increasing need to promote safer sexual behavior among the older population and later generations and design more tailored, innovative, and diverse HIV prevention strategies, especially for the high-risk groups.
Interval Type-3 Fuzzy Adaptation of the Bee Colony Optimization Algorithm for Optimal Fuzzy Control of an Autonomous Mobile Robot
Authors: Amador-Angulo Leticia , Castillo Oscar , Melin Patricia , Castro Juan R. 
Published: September 2022

In this study, the first goal is achieving a hybrid approach composed by an Interval Type-3 Fuzzy Logic System (IT3FLS) for the dynamic adaptation of α and β parameters of Bee Colony Optimization (BCO) algorithm. The second goal is, based on BCO, to find the best partition of the membership functions (MFs) of a Fuzzy Controller (FC) for trajectory tracking in an Autonomous Mobile Robot (AMR). A comparative with different types of Fuzzy Systems, such as Fuzzy BCO with Type-1 Fuzzy Logic System (FBCO-T1FLS), Fuzzy BCO with Interval Type-2 Fuzzy Logic System (FBCO-IT2FLS) and Fuzzy BCO with Generalized Type-2 Fuzzy Logic System (FBCO-GT2FLS) is analyzed. A disturbance is added to verify if the FBCO-IT3FLS performance is better when the uncertainty is present. Several performance indices are used; RMSE, MSE and some metrics of control such as, ITAE, IAE, ISE and ITSE to measure the controller’s performance. The experiments show excellent results using FBCO-IT3FLS and are better than FBCO-GT2FLS, FBCO-IT2FLS and FBCO-T1FLS in the adaptation of α and β parameters.
Searching for Cataclysmic Variable Stars in Unidentified X-Ray Sources
Authors: Takata J. , Wang X. F. , Kong A. K. H. , Mao J. , Hou X. , Hu C.-P. , Lin L. C.-C. , Li K. L. , Hui C. Y. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We carry out a photometric search for new cataclysmic variable stars (CVs), with the goal of identification for candidates of AR Scorpii-type binary systems. We select GAIA sources that are likely associated with unidentified X-ray sources, and analyze the light curves taken by the Zwicky Transient Facility, Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite, and Lulin One-meter Telescope in Taiwan. We investigate eight sources as candidates for CVs, among which six sources are new identifications. Another two sources have been recognized as CVs in previous studies, but no detailed investigations have been done. We identify two eclipsing systems that are associated with an unidentified XMM-Newton or Swift source, and one promising candidate for polar associated with an unidentified ASKA source. Two polar candidates may locate in the so-called period gap of a CV, and the other six candidates have an orbital period shorter than that of the period gap. Although we do not identify a promising candidate for AR Scorpii-type binary systems, our study suggests that CV systems that have X-ray emission and do not show frequent outbursts may have been missed in previous surveys.
Antioxidant properties of two novel lipophilic gallic acid derivatives
Authors: Olajide T.M. , Liu T. , Weng X.C. , Liao X.Y. , Huang J.Y. 
Published: September 2022

The effectiveness of two lipophilic derivatives of the natural phenol, gallic acid (GA), synthesized using methyl gallate as starting material was investigated. The antioxidant activities of these novel phenolics compared to GA, tert-butylhydroquinone (TBHQ) and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) were evaluated in bulk oil, emulsion and the DPPH systems. The results showed that the new compounds effectively delayed lipid oxidation much better than GA and other antioxidants under Rancimat (100-140 °C) and emulsion tests. In the bulk oil system at 65 °C, they still behaved better than GA, but TBHQ had the highest activity. Thus, replacing the electron-withdrawing carboxylic group on GA by covalently linking sterically hindered phenols to its phenyl ring increased its lipophilicity and also resulted in synergistic effects which improved overall antioxidant activity through stabilization of the phenoxy radical. These new antioxidant variants satisfy industrial demands for bioactive ingredients with strong antioxidant potentials under different food processing conditions.
Application of coconut fiber and shell in the bleaching of soybean oil
Authors: Tavakoli Ghahjaverestani S. , Gharachorloo M. , Ghavami M. 
Published: September 2022

The bleaching process is an important stage in the edible oil refining operation, and is carried out by using acid-activated bleaching earths. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of coconut fiber ash, shell ash, acid-activated fiber ash and acid-activated shell ash as compared to the commercial bleaching earth in the bleaching of neutralized soybean oil. Bleaching materials were added to neutralized oil at the concentration of 1% (w/v) with agitation under vacuum at 110 °C for 30 minutes. The values for red and yellow colors, carotenoids, chlorophylls, peroxide value, p-anisidine value, free fatty acid contents, copper and iron levels of the bleached samples were determined. The results indicated that all coconut-based adsorbents have been significantly more effective than commercial bleaching earth in reducing color and the greatest reductions in carotenoid (84.25%) and chlorophyll (82.30%) contents were obtained by using acid-activated fiber ash. The peroxide value for all treatments decreased. The amounts of iron and copper as peroxide compounds decreased considerably (44.59% and 23.53%) by using acid-activated fiber ash and acid-activated shell ash, respectively. Therefore, coconut fiber and shell as agricultural wastes which have been ignored in the past might be employed as effective agents to bleach crude oils, particularly soybean oil, in refining operations.
ESTABLISHING HOW THE HEAD-TEACHERS’ MENTORSHIP ROLES AS INSTRUCTIONAL LEADERS INFLUENCE THE PERFORMANCE OF THE NEWLY DEPLOYED/TRANSFERRED TEACHERS IN PUBLIC SECONDARY SCHOOLS
Authors: Jato Harriet , Okemasisi Kinikonda , Alari Jacklyne Okello 
Published: September 2022

The study investigated how the mentorship roles of head-teachers as school cultural builders influence the performance of the newly deployed/transferred teachers in Lufwanyama District. The study was anchored on Kram’s Mentor Role Theory and Path-Goal Theory. A mixed methods research approach and a descriptive survey design were adopted. The target was public secondary schools, head-teachers, HODs and teachers. Purposive sampling was used to select 16 public secondary schools and 16 head-teachers. Stratified and simple random sampling techniques were adopted to select 33 out of 112 HODs, and 93 out of 311 teachers. Questionnaires were used to collect data from teachers and HODs, while interviews were used to collect data from head-teachers. Quantitative data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21 and presented in frequencies, tables and percentages. Qualitative data were categorized into various themes and reported in form of narratives and direct quotations. The findings revealed that the mentorship roles of head-teachers were important in determining the performance of newly deployed/transferred teachers. However, it was established that most of the head-teachers do not adequately coach newly deployed/transferred teachers and do not effectively supervise and examine teachers' lesson notes in order to build their professional abilities. The study concluded that effective mentoring of newly deployed/transferred teachers was hindered by factors including mentors' inadequate knowledge and skills in mentoring, head-teachers' work overload and head-teachers' insufficient leadership abilities. It was recommended that the government should give mentors the training they need to support newly deployed/transferred teachers. This would enhance teachers’ performance in public secondary schools in the Lufwanyama District.<p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0958/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>
THE NUTRITIONAL CONTENT OF FOODS SERVED IN THE SCHOOL FEEDING PROGRAM IN BASIC SCHOOLS IN GHANA
Authors: Nana-Mireku Bernice , Agyei Charles Amoah , Hinson Marvel , Harvey Florence 
Published: September 2022

The purpose of the study was to evaluate the nutritional content of food served in the school feeding programme in basic schools in Ghana. The research design adopted for this study was a descriptive survey design. A simple random sampling procedure was used to draw a sample of 4 schools out of 19 schools in Birim Central municipality. In all, there were 23 teachers, four head teachers and 15 cooks selected for the study. Questionnaire and chemical analysis processes were used to collect data for the study. The result of the study indicated that the nutritional content of food served to children under the SFP failed to meet at least 50% of the RDI based on 2400 kilocalories. Results showed that the nutritional content of meals served to pupils under the SFP did not meet 50% RDI for school lunches. However, caterers had a high level of nutritional knowledge and the majority of them had a positive attitude towards nutrition education. It was recommended that food commodities that have a high concentration of various nutrients (protein, carbohydrate, fat and oil, vitamins and minerals) should be used instead of using those that have low concentrations.<p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0526/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>
STRATEGI PEMBINAAN KARAKTER PADA SANTRI MALALUI EKSTRAKURIKULER PRAMUKA DI PONDOK PESANTREN DARUSSALAM BOGOR
Authors: Lestari Nabella , Ali Agus 
Published: September 2022

Pramuka adalah organisasi yang memberi perhatian kepada problem moral pembinaan karakter yang dilakukan sang pembina pramuka di Pondok Pesanten Darussalam Bogor. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana seni mengelola akhlak santri melalui pramuka di Pondok Pesantren Darussalam Bogor. Artinya cara pengumpulan datanya adalah observasi, wawancara, dan pengesahan. Keabsahan data yang berasal dari triangulasi yang didapat dengan membandingkan data. Adapun penelitian ini ada tiga tahapan, yaitu pengumpulan data, penyajian data, dan penarikan atau penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa heroinisme, keteladanan, tugas, ceramah, dan penuntutan atau hukuman adalah gaya yang digunakan dalam melatih karakter santri melalui kegiatan pramuka. Kebiasaan meminta santri datang tepat waktu, saling menyapa, menunaikan shalat berjamaah dan lain-lain. Keteladanan adalah menyampaikan model perbuatan secara langsung kepada santri. Penugasan adalah ketika induksi tenaga berlangsung, santri baru diberikan tugas individu dan kelompok. Dengan memberikan penjelasan tentang pentingnya akhlak yang baik sebagaimana yang dicontohkan oleh Nabi Muhammad SAW. Sanksi bagi santri yang tidak mematuhi peraturan akan mendapat teguran langsung dari pelatih, diminta membacakan dasa dharma di depan santri lain, lari di lapangan. dan apa yang menyebabkan santri menyaksikan kebosanan hadir saat latihan pramuka karena pelatih pramuka memberikan materi menggunakan metode ceramah yang monoton. Adapun kegiatan pramuka yaitu latihan mingguan, Skill, SKU, PBB, TKK, resume dan evaluasi dan nilai yang ditanamkan antara lain agama, disiplin, kemandirian, tanggung jawab, peduli lingkungan, kepemimpinan dan kesabaran
Talaqqi and Takrir Methods in Improving the Quality of Reading & Memorizing the Qur'an
Authors: Tumanggor Ilham , Hasbi Ramadani  , Candra Gunawan  
Published: September 2022

The community of Masjid Nurul Falah Balai Talang has established Madrasah Diniyah Al-Qur'an (MDA) as a forum for children to learn the Qur'an. Based on the conditions observed that the process of learning the Qur'an in this place is not conducive, the cause is the lack of teachers and not comparable to the children who want to learn the Qur'an in Madrasas. To improve and develop their ability to read and memorize the Qur'an, it is necessary to carry out community service activities. The program's research method used in community service activities is Asset Based Community Development (ABCD). Several stages were carried out to implement ABCD including the inculturation stage, the design stage, the define stage, and the reflection stage. After community service activities were carried out, the quality and quantity of memorization of the Qur'an increased, and the public's interest increased to study the Qur'an. The result of the activity is that the community at MDA Nurul Falah Balai Talang uses the talaqqi and takrir methods in learning the Qur'an to improve skills in reading and memorizing the Qur'an students. During the twenty-three days of the application of the method, there was a significant increase especially in the memorization and reading of the students, so the community was satisfied with the results that had been achieved during the twenty-three days. So it is known that this method is effective in tahfidz and tahsin activities.
INVESTIGATION OF THE NONLINEAR DYNAMIC STIFFNESS OF ROLLING-LOBE AIR SPRINGS CONSIDERING RUBBER PAYNE EFFECT
Authors: Wu Mingyu , Wang Shiwei , Tong Hao , Wang Jing , Yin Hang , Zheng Wenbo , Li Yao , Yu Zhen , Wei Yintao 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT
A nonlinear dynamic stiffness model of rolling-lobe air spring considering the Payne effect of the rubber diaphragm and the thermodynamic equivalent damping is proposed, with an aim to provide a theoretical basis for air spring structure design. A physical explanation and mathematical expression of each decoupled contribution term are given from the two dimensions of amplitude and frequency. An indicator test was designed to identify related parameters of the real and imaginary parts of dynamic stiffness. The results showed that the dynamic stiffness increases under a small excitation amplitude, verifying the correctness of the model considering the Payne effect. The influence of rubber diaphragm and gas terms is decoupled to separately illustrate the amplitude and frequency dependency of the real and imaginary parts of dynamic stiffness. A new evaluation index reflecting the contribution percentage of the rubber diaphragm is given, indicating that the stiffness of the rubber diaphragm at low amplitude cannot be ignored. In the end, the parameter influence and dynamic characteristics are provided so that the dynamic behavior of the rolling-lobe air spring can be predicted at the design stage. The proposed rolling-lobe air spring dynamic model considering the Payne effect of the rubber diaphragm provides guidance for the forward development and theoretical modeling of the air spring.
Preface: 2022 International Conference on Governance of Accounting and Global Business Management (GAGBM 2022)
Authors: Craigie Gordon , Chi Hongbin 
Published: September 2022

The 2022 International Conference on Governance of Accounting and Global Business Management (GAGBM 2022) was successfully held in Yantai, China from July 16-17, 2022 by the Shanghai Maritime University, University of Leicester and University of South Australia. The conference offered extraordinary opportunities for educators, teachers, researchers, administrators and decision-makers to exchange and gain new insights on the ongoing research works and an opportunity to collaborate with like-minded researchers from across the world. This conference covered a variety of sessions, including the works on 1) governance of accounting; 2) economic development; 3) finance & investment; 4) marketing research and strategy; and 5) global business management.
GAGBM 2022 is a platform for researchers, engineers, academics and industry professionals from around the world to showcase their sustainability and research results and development activities in marketing research and global business management. We sincerely invite all researchers, scholars, engineers, students and people to be interested in these areas and participate in our conference.
On behalf of the committee, we would like to thank the authors, reviewers, advisory board, committee members, presenters, and participants. Recognition should go to the GAGBM 2022 team members who have all worked extremely hard for the details of important aspects of the conference programs and social activities. Special thanks are also given to the conference proceedings publisher. We would like to thank all parties for their participation in supporting this publication. We hope to see you all at the next conference.
Kind regards,
GAGBM Organizing Committees
Yantai, China
Analisa Laporan Keuangan Dan Benchmark Perpajakan (Studi Kasus PT Kimia Farma Tbk Tahun 2019-2021)
Authors: Manurung Gidion Samuel , Rahman Hafidz Taqullah , Lestari Lisa Fitri , Fajri Luqman , Candra Malo Muhamad Wildan , Putra Naufal Rafif Kusuma , Laksonoputra Nigella Sativa , Prebawa Putu Arya Wahyu , Ulhaq Raihan Dhiya , Khosafiah Ristanti Khusnul , Jusikusuma Teta Dirgantara , Aji Wahyu Kartika , Pamungkas Wahyu , Yuditama Yudit , Wijaya Suparna 
Published: September 2022

This article aims to determine the financial performance of PT Kimia Farma based on financial statement analysis and DGT benchmark analysis according to SE-96/PJ/2009 regarding the Total Benchmarking Ratio and its Utilization. Financial statement analysis is the process of analyzing financial statements used by users of financial statements for decision making. Benchmarking is the process of comparing the financial performance of similar companies with certain ratios to determine whether the company is fair or not. The method used in this study is a qualitative method with secondary data in the form of financial statement data sourced from the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). The financial statements used are the 2019-2021 financial statements before, during, and after the Covid-19 pandemic took place. What is meant by post-pandemic is when the Covid-19 rate begins to decline from its peak in 2021. The results show that there is a significant increase, but it is far from efficient. Under these circumstances, PT Kimia Farma's financial performance should be better because it is engaged in the pharmaceutical industry. So that there is a need for continuous evaluation regarding why the company cannot show satisfactory financial performance.
Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kinerja keuangan PT Kimia Farma berdasarkan analisa laporan keuangan dan analisa benchmark DJP menurut SE-96/PJ/2009 tentang Rasio Total Benchmarking dan Petunjuk Pemanfaatannya. Analisa laporan keuangan adalah proses analisis terhadap laporan keuangan yang digunakan oleh para pengguna laporan keuangan untuk pengambilan keputusan. Benchmarking adalah proses pembandingan kinerja keuangan terhadap perusahaan sejenis dengan rasio-rasio tertentu untuk menentukan apakah perusahaan tersebut wajar atau tidak wajar. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif dengan data sekunder berupa data laporan keuangan yang bersumber dari bursa efek Indonesia (BEI). Laporan keuangan yang digunakan adalah laporan keuangan tahun 2019-2021 pada saat sebelum, saat, dan sesudah pandemi Covid-19 berlangsung. Yang dimaksud sesudah pandemi, yaitu saat tingkat Covid-19 mulai menurun dari puncaknya pada tahun 2021. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa terdapat peningkatan yang signifikan, tetapi jauh dari kata efisien. Dalam keadaan tersebut seharusnya kinerja keuangan PT Kimia Farma dapat lebih baik karena bergerak di bidang industri farmasi. Sehingga perlu adanya evaluasi yang berlanjut terkait mengapa perusahaan tersebut tidak dapat menunjukkan kinerja keuangan yang memuaskan.