bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Molecular analysis and genotype-phenotype correlations in patients with classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency from southern Poland — experience of a clinical center
Authors: Kurzyńska Anna , Skalniak Anna , Franson Kim , Bistika Viola , Hubalewska-Dydejczyk Alicja , Przybylik-Mazurek Elwira 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The prevalence of CYP21A2 gene variants and genotype-phenotype correlations are variable among populations. The aim of this study was to characterize CYP21A2 gene variants in adult patients with classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CCAH) from southern Poland and to analyze genotype-phenotype correlations.

Materials/Methods
A total of 48 patients (30 women and 18 men) with CCAH were included in the study. Patients were divided into two clinical subgroups, namely, salt-wasting (SW) — 38 patients and simple virilizing (SV) — 10 patients. A genetic analysis MLPA (multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification) was performed in all of them. In dubious cases, the analysis was complemented by Sanger sequencing. Genotypes were classified into five groups (depending on the residual in vitro enzymatic activity), namely, null, A, B, C, and D, and correlated with the clinical picture.

Results
Molecular defects were investigated and identified in 48 patients. The most common variant in the studied group was I2G, followed by whole or partial gene copy deletion, and I172N. One novel variant c.[878G>T] (p.Gly293Val) was found. In nine patients, a non-concordance between genotype and phenotype was observed. Genotype-phenotype correlations measured by positive predictive value (PPV) were as follows: 100% in group null, 90.5% in group A, and 66.7% in group B.

Conclusions
CYP21A2 variants in the studied cohort were similar to values previously reported in other countries of the region. There was a good correlation between genotype and phenotype in the null and A groups, the correlation being considerably lower in group B.
Evaluation of Automatic Lane-Change Model Based on Vehicle Cluster Generalized Dynamic System
Authors: Wang Yangyang , Cao Xiaolang , Ma Xinyuan 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe lane-change transportation research usually focuses on the efficiency and stability of the macro traffic flow while ignoring the driving comfort of individual vehicles. And many studies of lane-change models are often limited to the performance of a single vehicle, which leads to a lack of macroscopic evaluation. To solve the above limitations, an automatic lane-change generalized dynamic model is adopted. In this model, the lane-change behavior of an individual vehicle is considered as the generalized excitation and the restraining force between vehicles is described with the car-following model. Macro and micro evaluation indexes are also adopted to evaluate the automatic lane-change behavior in traffic flow. Furthermore, this paper proposes a modified intelligent driver model (IDM) to describe the state change process during lane change. The hyperbolic tangent transition function is used to eliminate the vehicle state mutation. The simulation results show that the proposed automatic lane-change generalized dynamic model can reflect the macro and micro parameters of the traffic flow. And compared with the traditional IDM model, the proposed HC-IDM model achieves higher comfort performance and lower fluctuation of traffic flow.
Clays in Cosmetics and Personal-Care Products
Authors: Viseras César , Sánchez-Espejo Rita , Palumbo Rosanna , Liccardi Ninfa , García-Villén Fátima , Borrego-Sánchez Ana , Massaro Marina , Riela Serena , López-Galindo Alberto 
Published: January 2022

AbstractClays are used in various cosmetic formulations, such as sunscreens, toothpastes, deodorants, creams, hair cosmetics, makeups, nail polish, facial masks, and shampoos, among others, to improve the organoleptic and physicochemical characteristics, to increase the stability, or to facilitate elaboration. Together with their technological functionalities, clays are cosmetologically active ingredients with cleaning, anti-aging, anti-wrinkling, and sun-care functionalities. Talc, kaolinite, mica, and some smectites are the clay minerals used most frequently in cosmetic products, but several other phyllosilicates as well as modified and synthetic clays are also used. Sometimes, clays are useful in the design of cosmetics just because they are made of rigid, small, and anisometric particles. Kaolinite and mica are made of hard prismatic particles which are lightly abrasive over the skin, teeth, or hair. Electric charges in smectites result in ion-exchange capacities useful in the loading of active cosmetics but also adsorbing and cleaning waste substances. Intermediate net negative charges of smectites result in layer expansion in polar media and specific rheological properties that are very useful in cosmetic formulations. The absence of charged particles in talc and kaolin make them flow easily resulting in lubricant effects. Protection against radiation from the sun by clay particles and decorative effects complete the possibilities of clays in cosmetics. The nomenclature for clays used as ingredients in cosmetics follows historical use and the names of commercial products, rather than following strict compositional principles. In this sense, an effort was made here to correlate the names of the minerals that make up each of the clay-based cosmetic ingredients.
Comparative Genomics Reveals Evolutionary Drivers of Sessile Life and Left-Right Shell Asymmetry in Bivalves
Authors: Zhang Yang , Mao Fan , Xiao Shu , Yu Haiyan , Xiang Zhiming , Xu Fei , Li Jun , Wang Lili , Xiong Yuanyan , Chen Mengqiu , Bao Yongbo , Deng Yuewen , Huo Quan , Zhang Lvping , Liu Wenguang , Li Xuming , Ma Haitao , Zhang Yuehuan , Mu Xiyu , Liu Min , Zheng Hongkun , Wong Nai-Kei , Yu Ziniu 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Bivalves are species-rich mollusks with prominent protective roles in coastal ecosystems. Across these ancient lineages, colony-founding larvae anchor themselves either by byssus production or by cemented attachment. The latter mode of sessile life is strongly molded by left-right shell asymmetry during larval development of Ostreoida oysters such as Crassostrea hongkongensis. Here, we sequenced the genome of C. hongkongensis in high resolution and compared it to reference bivalve genomes to unveil genomic determinants driving cemented attachment and shell asymmetry. Importantly, loss of the homeobox gene Antennapedia (Antp) and broad expansion of lineage-specific extracellular gene families are implicated in a shift from byssal to cemented attachment in bivalves. Comparative transcriptomic analysis shows a conspicuous divergence between left-right asymmetrical C. hongkongensis and symmetrical Pinctada fucata in their expression profiles. Especially, a couple of orthologous transcription factor genes and lineage-specific shell-related gene families including that encoding tyrosinases are elevated, and may cooperatively govern asymmetrical shell formation in Ostreoida oysters.
The Central Ohio Archaeological Digitization Survey
Authors: Nolan Kevin C. , Shott Michael J. , Olson Eric 
Published: January 2022

AbstractSignificant parts of the archaeological record are in private hands, including those of responsible and responsive stewards (RRS). This is not necessarily a bad thing. The Central Ohio Archaeological Digitization Survey (COADS) engages RRS in collaborative study of central Ohio prehistory. COADS leverages the mass of RRS data constructively to add depth and breadth to a regional archaeological record. We recorded over 12,000 diagnostic points and about 5,000 other stone tools from 32 RRS collections. All were scanned as two-dimensional (2D) images, and a sample as three-dimensional (3D) models for landmark-based geometric morphometric (LGM) analysis and GIS analysis of prehistoric land use. The resulting dataset is >4.7 times the number of diagnostics recorded in the Ohio SHPO database for the region, shedding new light on land use and tool use over millennia. In addition to academic research, COADS creates an accessible collection of 3D models available to RRS colleagues and to society at large. This reciprocal sharing mutually benefits professionals and the RRS community. Professionals are not the only ones who research the cultural past; the more and better we collaborate with RRS and others with legitimate interests, the better our common understanding of that past.
Ought to believe, simpliciter
Authors: Booth Anthony Robert 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAccording to many philosophers there are only pro tanto oughts to believe relative to a standard of assessment: there are epistemic oughts to believe, moral oughts to believe, prudential oughts to believe etc. But there are no oughts to believe simpliciter. Many of the same philosophers who hold this view, also hold that ought to believe is to be understood deontologically – such that if S violates such an ought without excuse, S is blameworthy for doing so. I here argue that on a deontological understanding of ought to believe there must be ought to believe simpliciter and that it is the violation of this ought that determines whether we are to blame for our beliefs.
Intellectual Honesty and Intellectual Transparency
Authors: Byerly T. Ryan 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to advance understanding of intellectually virtuous honesty, by examining the relationship between a recent account of intellectual honesty and a recent account of intellectual transparency. The account of intellectual honesty comes from Nathan King, who adapts the work of Christian Miller on moral honesty, while the account of intellectual transparency comes from T. Ryan Byerly. After introducing the respective accounts, I identify four potential differences between intellectual honesty and intellectual transparency as understood by these accounts. I then turn to the question of how to think about the relationship between these traits in light of these potential differences. I make the case that intellectual transparency can either be regarded as an exceptionally strong or ideal variety of intellectual honesty, or it can be regarded as a distinct virtue from intellectual honesty which is a more cardinal virtue than the latter. Along the way, I also note some places where a case can be made that Miller's and King's accounts of honesty and intellectual honesty are in need of refinement or clarification.
Remote working: a double-edged sword for workers' personal and professional well-being
Authors: Gillet Nicolas , Huyghebaert-Zouaghi Tiphaine , Austin Stéphanie , Fernet Claude , Morin Alexandre J. S. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWhile research suggests that work centrality has a positive effect on work engagement and a negative influence on family satisfaction, these relations may differ as a function of one's work setting (onsite vs. remote working). In the present study, we examined the direct and indirect – through work-family conflict (WFC), family-work conflict (FWC), work-family enrichment (WFE), and family-work enrichment (FWE) – effects of work centrality on work engagement and family satisfaction. We also examined whether these effects of work centrality on work engagement and family satisfaction differed between onsite and remote employees. We used a cross-sectional survey design to test our hypotheses among a total of 432 employees, including 152 always working onsite and 280 working remotely. As expected, our results revealed that work centrality was positively related to work engagement and negatively to family satisfaction. Moreover, the indirect effects (IE) of work centrality on work engagement were significantly mediated by WFE, whereas the IE of work centrality on family satisfaction were significantly mediated by FWC, WFE, and FWE. Finally, the relations between work centrality and the outcomes (work engagement and family satisfaction) were stronger among onsite employees than among remote employees. These results revealed that remote working may act as a double-edged sword by buffering the negative effects of work centrality on family satisfaction but also limiting the positive effects of work centrality on work engagement. Organizations and managers should thus consider addressing employees' work centrality and work type in their efforts to promote employees' professional and personal well-being.
Managers and telework in public sector organizations during a crisis
Authors: Dandalt Ed 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThrough the use of a narrative-interview approach and contingency theory as research methods, this study explores the teleworking behaviors of N = 41 public managers when remotely managing and leading their organizations as virtual bureaucracies during the Covid-19 lockdown. Its findings suggest that their role set was underscored by communal and supervisory tasks. Managers were confronted with environmental challenges of emotional nature (e.g., anxieties). But they also associated teleworking with improving their work-life balance and staffing work process. Simply put, teleworking was perceived with having both positive and negative organizational outcomes. Drawing from the implications of these findings, this study proposes recommendations for future research.
A DEDEKIND-STYLE AXIOMATIZATION AND THE CORRESPONDING UNIVERSAL PROPERTY OF AN ORDINAL NUMBER SYSTEM
Authors: JANELIDZE ZURAB , VAN DER BERG INEKE 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we give an axiomatization of the ordinal number system, in the style of Dedekind’s axiomatization of the natural number system. The latter is based on a structure
$(N,0,s)$
consisting of a set N, a distinguished element
$0\in N$
and a function
$s\colon N\to N$
. The structure in our axiomatization is a triple
$(O,L,s)$
, where O is a class, L is a class function defined on all s-closed ‘subsets’ of O, and s is a class function
$s\colon O\to O$
. In fact, we develop the theory relative to a Grothendieck-style universe (minus the power set axiom), as a way of bringing the natural and the ordinal cases under one framework. We also establish a universal property for the ordinal number system, analogous to the well-known universal property for the natural number system.
A review of the current status of Cryptosporidium in fish
Authors: Couso-Pérez Seila , Ares-Mazás Elvira , Gómez-Couso Hipólito 
Published: January 2022

AbstractSpecies of the genus Cryptosporidium (phylum Apicomplexa) infect the epithelium of the gastrointestinal tract of several vertebrate hosts, including humans and domestic and wild animals. In the past 20 years, several studies have focused on Cryptosporidium in fish. To date, a total of four piscine-host-specific species (Cryptosporidium molnari, Cryptosporidium huwi, Cryptosporidium bollandi and Cryptosporidium abrahamseni), nine piscine genotypes and more than 29 unnamed genotypes have been described in fish hosts. In addition, Cryptosporidium species and genotypes typical of other groups of vertebrates have also been identified. This review summarizes the history, biology, pathology and clinical manifestations, as well as the transmission, prevalence and molecular epidemiology of Cryptosporidium in wild, cultured and ornamental fish from both marine and freshwater environments. Finally, the potential role of piscine hosts as a reservoir of zoonotic Cryptosporidium species is also discussed.
Evaluation of delay discounting as a transdiagnostic research domain criteria indicator in 1388 general community adults
Authors: Levitt E. E. , Oshri A. , Amlung M. , Ray L. A. , Sanchez-Roige S. , Palmer A. A. , MacKillop J. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) approach proposes a novel psychiatric nosology using transdiagnostic dimensional mechanistic constructs. One candidate RDoC indicator is delay discounting (DD), a behavioral economic measure of impulsivity, based predominantly on studies examining DD and individual conditions. The current study sought to evaluate the transdiagnostic significance of DD in relation to several psychiatric conditions concurrently.MethodsParticipants were 1388 community adults (18–65) who completed an in-person assessment, including measures of DD, substance use, depression, anxiety, posttraumatic stress disorder, and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Relations between DD and psychopathology were examined with three strategies: first, examining differences by individual condition using clinical cut-offs; second, examining DD in relation to latent psychopathology variables via principal components analysis (PCA); and third, examining DD and all psychopathology simultaneously via structural equation modeling (SEM).ResultsIndividual analyses revealed elevations in DD were present in participants screening positive for multiple substance use disorders (tobacco, cannabis, and drug use disorder), ADHD, major depressive disorder (MDD), and an anxiety disorder (ps < 0.05–0.001). The PCA produced two latent components (substance involvement v. the other mental health indicators) and DD was significantly associated with both (ps < 0.001). In the SEM, unique significant positive associations were observed between the DD latent variable and tobacco, cannabis, and MDD (ps < 0.05–0.001).ConclusionsThese results provide some support for DD as a transdiagnostic indicator, but also suggest that studies of individual syndromes may include confounding via comorbidities. Further systematic investigation of DD as an RDoC indicator is warranted.
The intellectual and institutional challenges for International Political Economy in the UK: Findings from Practitioner Survey Data
Authors: Nunn Alex , Shields Stuart 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis article asks whether there is a discrepancy between the field of International Political Economy (IPE) as we know it from recent debates about its role, distinctiveness, and contribution compared to the experience of its practitioners on the ground? Intellectually IPE is needed more than ever to engage real world events but faces constraining institutional imperatives. We have two interrelated objectives related to this: (1) to assess the extent to which the patterns in recent interventions are replicated when you ask those who self-identify as IPE scholars in the UK (2) to appraise survey data on the reproduction of a particular community of practice within the field as it evolves intellectually and institutionally. Rather than imposing our interpretation of IPE through publications, citation practices, conference attendance, or textbook content we offer two distinct contributions. First, to report new empirical data on IPE as a ‘field of inquiry’ in UK universities; and, second, to develop a critical intervention on the indisciplined nature of IPE as a field of inquiry in the UK. We conclude that the widely acknowledged and long-standing fertile intellectual advantages of IPE's ‘open range’, unlimited intellectual borders and transgressive enquiry bring institutional disadvantages with them.
Increasing the impact of budget impact analysis: incorporating uncertainty for decision-makers in small markets
Authors: Hofmeister Mark , Clement Fiona 
Published: January 2022

AbstractFor decision-makers considering new medicines for reimbursement and public use, both value for money and affordability are important considerations. Whereas a cost-effectiveness model provides information aboutvalue for money, a budget impact assessment (BIA) is customized to a specific context and estimates the total investment needed; one part ofaffordability. Both analytic approaches have parameter uncertainty within them, yet comparatively little attention is given to parameter uncertainty in BIA. Currently, within BIA, uncertainty exploration is limited to point estimates for plausible scenarios, prompting the question: can a decision-maker be confident in point estimates? Within this paper, our intent is to revitalize the discussion of uncertainty in BIA. In the context of health technology assessments submitted to support reimbursement decision-making, we propose reliance on probabilistic sensitivity analysis conducted in the cost-effectiveness model. If assumptions made in a cost-effectiveness model are valid, probabilistic cost estimates from the model, with the same perspective adopted as the BIA, should also inform BIA. Mean and variance of population outcomes, given parameter uncertainty in model inputs, are estimable from model outputs. As sufficiently large random samples are drawn from a population, the distribution of sample means will follow an approximately normal distribution. Therefore, when drawing samples from the model to inform estimates of budget impact, the assumption of an approximately normal distribution for costs is reasonable. We propose that the variance in mean costs from the cost-effectiveness model also reflects the variance in budget impact estimates and should be used to estimate budget impact confidence intervals.
Correlations among spiritual care competence, spiritual care perceptions and spiritual health of Chinese nurses: A cross-sectional correlational study
Authors: Wang Zhangyi , Zhao Haomei , Zhang Siai , Wang Yue , Zhang Yajun , Wang Zhao , Li Xuechun , Xiao Luwei , Zhu Yue , Han Guanghong , Yan Yishan , Wang Jing , Zhang Yujing , Pang Xiaoli 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe significance of spiritual care competence among nurses has been emphasized across countries and cultures in many studies. However, there were few studies on correlations among spiritual care competence, spiritual care perceptions, and spiritual health of nurses in China.ObjectiveTo investigate spiritual care competence, spiritual care perceptions, and spiritual health, and examine the correlations among spiritual care competence, spiritual care perceptions and spiritual health, and the mediating role of spiritual health between other two variables of Chinese nurses.MethodsA cross-sectional and correlational design was implemented, and the STROBE Checklist was used to report the study. A convenience sample of 2,181 nurses were selected from 17 hospitals in 3 provinces, China. Participants provided data on sociodemographic by completing the Chinese Version of the Spiritual Care Competence Scale, the Chinese Version of the Spiritual Care-Giving Scale, and the Spiritual Health Scale Short Form. Descriptive statistics, univariate, multiple linear regression, and Pearson correlation analysis were used to analyze data.ResultsThe total scores of spiritual care competence, spiritual care perceptions, and spiritual health were 58.25 ± 16.21, 144.49 ± 16.87, and 84.88 ± 10.57, respectively, which both were moderate. Spiritual care competence was positively correlated with spiritual care perceptions (r = 0.653, p < 0.01) and spiritual health (r = 0.587, p < 0.01). And spiritual health played a mediating role between the other two variables (accounting for 35.6%).Significance of resultsThe spiritual care competence, spiritual care perceptions, and spiritual health of Chinese nurses need to be improved. It is recommended that nursing managers should pay attention to spiritual care education of nurses, and improve spiritual care perceptions and spiritual health in multiple ways, so as to improve their spiritual care competence and to maximize the satisfy spiritual care needs of patients in China.