bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Limited efficacy of tocilizumab in adult patients with secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Kim Ju Yeon , Kim Miso , Park Jin Kyun , Lee Eun Bong , Park Jun Won , Hong Junshik 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: Interleukin (IL)-6 is one of the key cytokines in the pathogenesis of secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (sHLH); however, the efficacy and safety of tocilizumab (TCZ), a monoclonal IL-6 receptor antibody, in patients with sHLH is uncertain. Methods/Results: This study included 64 adult patients who were diagnosed with sHLH based on the HLH-2004 criteria. Patients were classified into two groups based on treatment regimen at baseline: tocilizumab (TCZ group, n=8) versus other treatments (control group), including HLH-2004 protocol (n=35), chemotherapy (n=7), glucocorticoid alone (n=8), and with other immunosuppressants (n=6). Primary outcome was overall 8-week survival. Baseline characteristics between the two groups were comparable. At day 56, one patient (12.5%) in the TCZ group and twenty-eight patients (51.9%) in the control group survived. Univariable and multivariable Cox proportional hazard analysis showed that TCZ significantly increased the risk of death (adjusted hazard ratio=5.55; 95% CI=2.13–14.49). The complete or partial response rate at day 14 was 44.6% in the control group, and nil in the TCZ group. In contrast, infectious complications occurred more frequently in the TCZ group than in the control group (14.3% vs. 50.0%). Conclusions: Our results suggest that tocilizumab has limited efficacy in treating adult patients with sHLH and could increase the risk of infectious complications compared to the conventional treatments.
The Value of Nurse-led Anthropometric and Oropharyngeal Measurements Combined with STOP-Bang Questionnaire in Screening for Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Li Zexuan , Miao Hua , Zhang Siyu , Fan Jingyao , Yan Yan , Gong Wei , Zheng Wen , Wang Xiao , Que Bin , Ai Hui , Zhang Lixin , Nie Shaoping 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a modifiable risk factor for acute coronary syndrome (ACS), with high prevalence but low diagnostic rates. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop strategies for better screening for OSA in newly admitted ACS patients. Methods: From March 2017 to October 2019, consecutive eligible patients with ACS underwent cardiorespiratory polygraphy during hospitalization. OSA was defined as an apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) ≥ 15 events/h. All anthropometric and oropharyngeal parameters are measured by specialist nurses. Results: Finally, 761 ACS patients were recruited in the present study. Prevalence of moderate/severe OSA was 53.2% based on diagnostic criteria of AHI ≥ 15. Correlation analysis illustrated that AHI was positively correlated with anthropometric characteristics. In the multivariate model, only micrognathia (OR 2.02, 95% CI 1.02-4.00, P = 0.044), waist circumference (OR 1.08, 95% CI 1.04-1.11, P < 0.001), and STOP-BANG Questionnaire (SBQ) score (OR 1.45, 95% CI 1.27-1.66, P < 0.001) were independently associated with the prevalence of OSA. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis showed that the area under curve (AUC) of multivariable joint diagnosis (waist circumference, micrognathia combined with SBQ) was significantly better than the AUC of Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) and SBQ (p < 0.0001 and p = 0.0002, respectively), and the results showed that AUC was 0.728. Under the optimal truncation value, the sensitivity was 73%, and the specificity was 61%, which was higher than the single index. Finally, we also constructed a nomogram model based on multiple logistic regression, to easily determine the probability of OSA in ACS patients.Conclusions: The new screening tool has greater power than single questionnaire or measurements in screening of OSA among ACS patients.Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov identifier NCT03362385, registered December 5, 2017.
Does subjecting plants to water stress enhance biological nitrification inhibition potential of rice?
Authors: Dandeniya Warshi Shamila , Thies Janice E. , DiTommaso Antonio 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background and aims:
Biological nitrification inhibition (BNI) is a trait that could improve nitrogen-use efficiency of a crop. We studied varietal differences in BNI potential of rice at the vegetative phase when plants were subjected to water stress.
Methods
We obtained water-soluble root exudates (RE) and water-extracts of crushed roots (RT) from two week-old seedlings of five rice varieties grown continuously under adequate water or under water stress and assessed their ability to suppress the activity of Nitrosomonas europaea and the growth of lettuce seedlings. We also investigated how growing rice under continuously saturated (TC) and unsaturated (TU) soil moisture conditions affected potential nitrification rate (PNR) and the community structure of ammonia-oxidizing archaea and bacteria (AOA and AOB, respectively) in the rhizosphere compared with the bulk soil.
Results
We observed that only RT at ≥ 0.50 mg ml− 1suppressed the activity of N. europaea with significant (p < 0.05) differences among rice varieties. Subjecting rice varieties PI312777 and PI338046 to water stress significantly (p < 0.05) increased BNI of RT. Inhibition of lettuce root growth by RT was strongly correlated with its BNI (r = 0.83, p < 0.05). As revealed in T-RFLP profiles, varietal effects on AOA and AOB varied with moisture management. AOB were more responsive to soil moisture conditions than AOA.
Conclusions
The rice varieties studied produced compounds that could inhibit ammonia oxidizers, but the degree of BNI differed based on moisture stress faced by the crop. Lineages of rice varieties with known allelopathic potential would be promising candidates in a search for BNI potential.
Standardization of in vitro multiplication technique for Areca concinna, an endangered palm species for its conservation and utilization
Authors: Veluru Aparna , M Neema , Shil Sandip , Prakash Krishna , K Kavya , Karun Anitha 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Areca concinna (Arecaceae) is an endangered plant species endemic to south western Sri Lanka. It is an important palm distributed primarily in Sri Lanka, India, and Southeast Asia and was listed under endangered plants species by IUCN due to habitat loss. Here a protocol was developed for clonal multiplication of A. concinna. Clonal propogation is essential for conservation and maintenance of endangered species. Immature inflorescence, immature embryos and mature embryos were tested for callogenesis and subsequent somatic embryogenesis in M72 basal media supplemented with the auxins 2, 4-D and Picloram. Of the three explants, somatic embryos were obtained only from mature embryos. Callus multiplication and somatic embryo formation in M72 basal media supplemented with 2, 4-D were found to be better over Picloram media. Serial transfer of explants from higher to lower concentrations was essential for sustaining the multiplication of callus as well as for induction of somatic embryos. Somatic embryos grown inY3 or 1/2 Y3 basal medium supplemented with BAP (1 mg/L), NAA (0.5 mg/L), and IBA (0.25 mg/L) exhibited shoot initiation and plantlet development. This protocol has its application in rapid multiplication of A. concinna palms thereby enhancing the possibility of conservation of the endangered palm.
Antibacterial activity of super-paramagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles against Edwardsiella tarda from water
Authors: Kumar Munish , Gupta Gyandeep , Varghese Tincy , Srivast Prem Prakash , Gupta Subodh 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The current study was conducted to evaluate the antibacterial activity of super-paramagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) against Edwardsiella tarda from water. The antibacterial activity of different concentrations of SPIONs viz. 0, 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, 100, 200, 500 and 1000 µM were assessed in sterilized distilled water with different initial bacterial loads of E. tarda viz. 1×103, 1×104, 1×105, 1×106 and 1×107 CFU ml− 1 at various exposure time (15, 30, 45 and 60 min). At lowest bacterial load 1×103 CFU ml− 1, > 98% bacteria was removed by 500 µM of SPIONs concentration group after 15 min exposure, which was increased up to 100% by increasing exposure time 45 min. However, at highest bacterial load 1×107 CFU ml− 1, > 78% bacterial load was removed by highest SPIONs concentration (1000 µM) by 15 min exposure, which was further increased > 85.32% by increasing the exposure time 60 min. The antibacterial activity was increased with increasing the concentration of SPIONs as well as exposure time while increasing the bacterial load the activity was decreases. At an initial bacterial load of E. tarda (1×103 to 1×107 CFU ml− 1), the effective concentration (EC50) ranged between 61.36 to 372.80 µM respectively after 15 to 60 min exposure. Thus, it can be concluded that the antibacterial activity of SPIONs depends on concentration and exposure time. To remove high bacterial load require high amount of SPIONs and exposure time as well. Hence, SPIONs can be used as a biocidal agent to treat Edwardsiellosis in fish.
Effective Virtualization based on Generalized Multi protocol Label Switching for Cloud Computing
Authors: rajat rajat saxena 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Generalized Multi Protocol Label Switching (GMPLS) or Multi-Protocol Lambda Switching is a new technology which produce amplification in Multi Protocol Label Switching (MPLS) to provide support network switching, space switching, and packet switching for time and wavelength. Thus, we can say that GMPLS is extension of MPLS which provides resilience and restoration by automatic switching.In this paper, we provide a Docker based simulation environment which emulates a complex network and create insight functioning of GMPLS. This Docker based simulation environment is light-weight and scalable. It emulates large and complex network with minimal specifications. We have tested this Docker based GMPLS simulation testbed that depends on scaled network resources. Our method has shown tremendous improvement over the other virtualization methods.
Preliminary antimicrobial activity of CT-K3K7, a modified peptide by lysine substitutions from scorpion venom peptide
Authors: Li Shasha , Shui Yingbin , Ma Jiayue , Yuan Yaping , Jiang Wenxing , Xu Chenxi , Wang Lejing , Ren Yongjing , Deng Bo , Zhang Wenlu , Li Zhongjie 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have gained interest as a new type of antimicrobial agent. Scorpion venom peptide ctry2459 were modified to CT-K3K7 by lysine substitutions at position 3rd and 7th. We found that the modified peptides CT-K3K7 with improved antibacterial activity, higher thermal stability and lower hemolytic activity. It can rapidly kill S. aureus and P. aeruginosa, reduce the production of biofilm and live bacteria residues in biofilm in vitro. CT-K3K7 has also been demonstrated that could decrease the bacterial counts in the subcutaneous abscess region, abscess area, and inflammatory cell infiltration in mouse subcutaneous abscess models duplicated by S. aureus and P. aeruginosa. CT-K3K7 is difficult to induce S. aureus and P. aeruginosa to develop drugs resistance, which may be related to the bactericidal way that the increase of cationic properties by lysine substitutions can increase the electrostatic force between the peptides and the bacterial surface that lead to the increase of bacterial membrane permeability and DNA binding. In conclusion, the modified peptide CT-K3K7 enhanced antimicrobial activity and can be as a new antimicrobial agent candidate for the treatment of infections by S. aureus and P. aeruginosa.
Use of ramucirumab for various treatment lines in real-world practice of patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Kanogawa Naoya , Ogasawara Sadahisa , Maruta Susumu , Iino Yotaro , Obu Masamichi , Ishino Takamasa , Ogawa Keita , Yumita Sae , Iwanaga Terunao , Unozawa Hidemi , Nakagawa Miyuki , Fujiwara Kisako , Sakuma Takafumi , Fujita Naoto , Kojima Ryuta , Kanzaki Hiroaki , Koroki Keisuke , Kobayashi Kazufumi , Inoue Masanori , Kiyono Soichiro , Nakamura Masato , Kondo Takayuki , Saito Tomoko , Nakagawa Ryo , Nakamoto Shingo , Muroyama Ryosuke , Chiba Tetsuhiro , Itobayashi Ei , Koma Yoshihiro , Azemoto Ryosaku , Kato Jun , Kato Naoya 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: Ramucirumab was shown to be effective as a second-line treatment after sorafenib in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with alpha-fetoprotein levels >400 ng/mL in a worldwide phase 3 trial. Ramucirumab is used in patients pretreated with various systemic therapies in clinical practice. We retrospectively examined the treatment outcomes of ramucirumab administered to advanced HCC patients after diverse systemic therapies.Methods: Data were collected from patients with advanced HCC who received ramucirumab at three institutions in Japan. Radiological assessments were determined according to both Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumours (RECIST) version 1.1 and modified RECIST and the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 5.0 was used to assess adverse events.Results: A total of 37 patients treated with ramucirumab between June 2019 and March 2021 were included in the study. Ramucirumab was administered as second, third, fourth, and fifth-line treatment in 13 (35.1%), 14 (37.8%), eight (21.6%), and two (5.4%) patients, respectively. Most patients (29.7%) who received ramucirumab as a second-line therapy were pretreated with lenvatinib. The median progression-free survival of patients treated with ramucirumab was 2.7 months (95% confidence interval, 1.6–7.3). There were no notable adverse events and no significant changes in albumin bilirubin score during ramucirumab treatment.Conclusion: Although ramucirumab is used for various lines of treatment other than second-line immediately after sorafenib, its safety and efficacy were not significantly different from the findings of the REACH-2 trial.
Assessing the Cytotoxicity of Tio2-x Nanoparticles With a Different Ti3+ (Ti2+)/Ti4+ Ratio
Authors: Prokopiuk Volodymyr , Yefimova Svetlana , Onishchenko Anatolii , Kapustnik Valeriy , Myasoedov Valeriy , Maksimchuk Pavel , Butov Dmytro , Bespalova Irina , Tkachenko Anton 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles are promising biomedical agents characterized by good biocompatibility. In this study, we explored the cytotoxicity of TiO2-x nanoparticles with a different Ti3+(Ti2+)/Ti4+ ratio and analyzed the effeciency of eryptosis indices as a tool in nanotoxicology. Methods. Two types of TiO2-x nanoparticles (5 nm) with various Ti3+ (Ti2+)/ Ti4+ ratios in the crystal lattice were synthesized. 1-TiO2-x nanoparticles contained 54% Ti4+, 38% Ti3+ and 8% Ti2+, while the relative amount of Ti4+ and Ti3+ in the crystal lattice of 2-TiO2-x nanoparticles was 63% and 37%, respectively. Cell viability and cell motility induced by TiO2-x nanoparticles were investigated on primary fibroblast cultures. Eryptosis modulation by the nanoparticles along with cell death mechanisms was studied on rat erythrocytes.Results. We report that both TiO2-x nanoparticles don’t decrease the viability of fibroblasts simultaneously stimulating cell migration. Data from in vitro studies on erythrocytes indicate that TiO2-x nanoparticles trigger eryptosis via ROS- (1-TiO2-x) and Ca2+-mediated mechanisms (both TiO2-x nanoparticles) suggesting that evaluation of eryptosis parameters is a more sensitive nanotoxicological approach for TiO2-x nanoparticles than cultured fibroblast assays.Conclusion. TiO2-x nanoparticles are characterized by low toxicity against fibroblasts, but they induce eryptosis, which is shown to be a promising tool for nanotoxicity screening. The Ti3+ (Ti2+)/ Ti4+ ratio at least partially determines the cytotoxicity mechanisms for TiO2-x nanoparticles.
Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells secreted EVs: a potential cell-free therapy for canine renal ischemia-reperfusion injury
Authors: Liu Hai-Feng , Fuhao Chen , Liyuan Huang , Jiahui Cao , Yifan Liu , Zhijun Zhong , Ziyao Zhou , Zhihua Ren , Suizhong Cao , Liuhong Shen , Guangneng Peng , Xiaoping Ma 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Canine renal ischemia-reperfusion (IR) causes severe acute kidney injury characterized by renal dysfunction and inflammatory disorder. Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) and their extracellular vesicles (EVs) are pluripotent adult stem cells with promising therapy for IR, based on their potent anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. The aims of this study were to explore the therapeutic efficacy of ADMSC-EVs in canine renal IR injury. MSCs were isolated from inguinal fat tissue in dogs and their EVs were isolated from third-passage of ADMSC. ADMSCs were charactered by differentiation ability and surface makers. ADMSC-EVs were charactered by transmission electron microscopy, NTA and surface markers. Canine IR model was used with ADMSC-EVs administration to evaluated the therapeutic effect of inflammation, oxidate stress, mitochondrial damage and apoptosis. Renal IR injury leads to severe histopathological lesions and significantly increasing in biomarkers of renal function, inflammation, apoptosis; however, ADMSC more potently attenuated these lesions and inhibited apoptosis by reducing mitochondrial damage. The findings may provide a cell-free therapy for canine renal IR injury and reveal the mechanism involved.
In silico analysis of the Key Receptors of SARS-CoV-2: ACE2 and TMPRSS2 in Head and Neck Cancer
Authors: Mariappan Vignesh , JeanPierre Aashika Raagavi , Pillai Agieshkumar Balakrishna 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
It is reported that cancer patients are more susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection due to immunocompromised immunity. To understand the long-term impact of SARS-CoV-2 in HNSC cancer, the current study is designed to assess the status of two vital host molecules (ACE2 & TMPRSS2) for the entry of virus in HNSC patients using computational methods.
Methodology
We used public databases such as TIMER, UALCAN, and GEPIA2 to assess the mRNA expression and association of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 in HNSC. cBioPortal was used to assess the genetic alterations in the ACE2 and TMPRSS2 protein sequences that are involved in HNSC development. The CTD database was also used to identify the genes associated with COVID-19 and HNSC. Finally, the PANTHER online platform was used to investigate the protein-protein interaction between COVID-19 and HNSC progression genes collected from the CTD database.
Results
A differential expression of ACE2 (downregulated) and TMPRSS2 (upregulated) was noted in HNSC those with human papilloma viral infections. A strong genetic alteration in the protein sequence of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 supports their significant role in HNSC disease progression. In addition, the protein-protein interaction network revealed that genes associated with COVID-19 and HNSC are strongly involved in binding activity, catalytic activity, and various cancer signaling pathways.
Conclusion
From our in silico analysis, we would like to conclude that ACE2 and TMPRSS2 are strongly associated with disease progression in both pathological conditions (HNSC and COVID-19). So, it could serve as potential biomarkers for the early prediction of disease outcomes in cancer patients with COVID-19 disease. Thus, further investigation is needed to evaluate the long-term impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on HNSC patients.
Translation techniques of subtitle from english into indonesian in a movie: a case on literature
Authors: Saputra Nanda , Sulistyani Sulistyani , Fatmawati Endang , Herman Herman 
Published: June 2022

The object of research: This study is aimed to categorize the types of translation techniques and the most prevalent translation techniques used in movie subtitles, because the phenomenon that frequently occurs shows that it has a tendency to use subtitles regardless of their disadvantages, so the translator requires appropriate translation techniques in order to transfer the message clearly from the source language into the target language
Investigated problem: The recent phenomenon in Indonesia shows that it has the tendency on using the subtitle regardless its drawback. As it is known, there is still the use of subtitles that are not of good quality and there is also the use of subtitles whose quality is much better based on the use appropriate translation techniques.
Methodology: To answer the research question, a descriptive qualitative research strategy was utilized, as well as content analysis, which focuses on the analysis of the sorts of translation approaches proposed by Molina and Albir. The researchers used movie and documentation as the research instrument. The data source of this research was the movie script “The Spongebob Movie: Sponge on The Run”
The area of practical use of the research results: As the result of this research, the researchers found 14 types of translation techniques. The most dominant of translation techniques is literal translation 67 data (33.5 %), followed by modulation 55 data (27.5 %), generalization 26 data (13 %), linguistic amplification 11 data (5.5 %), established equivalence 9 data (4.5 %), linguistic compression 8 data (4 %), transposition 7 data (3.5 %), compensation 5 data (2.5 %), calque and reduction 3 data for each other (1.5 %), borrowing and discursive creation 2 data for each other (1 %), adaptation and description 1 data for each other (0.5 %). Involving the total data are 200 data
Innovative technological product: The result of this research as the reflection and references for linguists and scientist not only to the quality of machine translation such as google translate, and so on but also to the use of good translation in the subtitle in the future.
Scope of the innovative technological product: The scope lies on the subtitle product produced by translator. The translator needs to know the target (audience) and the translation must meet the criteria and the target.
Conclusion: It can be concluded that the translation techniques used in the translation of subtitle are literal translation and modulation. The result shows that literal translation and modulation are the main contributors on the translation techniques in order to accurately translate it
Long Noncoding RNAs in Human Cancer and Apoptosis
Authors: Erdoğan İpek , Sweef Osama , Akgül Bünyamin 
Published: June 2022

Abstract:
Genome annotations have uncovered the production of at least one transcript from nearly all loci in the genome at some given time throughout the development. Surprisingly a big chunk of these transcripts does not code for proteins and are relatively long in size, thus called long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). Next- and third-generation sequencing technologies have amassed numerous lncRNAs expressed under different phenotypic conditions; yet many remain to be functionally characterized. LncRNAs regulate gene expression by functioning as scaffold, decoy, signaling, and guide molecules both at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels, interacting with different types of macromolecules such as proteins, DNA and RNA. Here we review the potential regulatory role of lncRNAs in apoptosis and cancer as some of these lncRNAs may have the diagnostic and therapeutic potential in cancer.