bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Smart Real-Time Monitoring Method of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests Based on Optical Fiber Sensor
Authors: Tang Yana , Zhang Shilong 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In order to solve the problems of traditional recognition and monitoring methods, such as low recognition accuracy and long monitoring process, in this paper, a real-time monitoring method of vegetable diseases and pests based on optical fiber sensor is proposed. Firstly, according to the optical fiber sensor imaging technology, the crop image to be detected is obtained, and the preprocessing steps such as feature extraction are carried out at the same time to obtain three single classifiers composed of image color characteristics, texture macro description, and detail expression; secondly, the parallel pattern is used to fuse the three classifiers, and then a crop pest recognition method combined with multiple classifiers is proposed according to the K-nearest neighbor method; finally, based on the recognition results, the video monitoring dynamics of pests is constructed. In the construction process, the open design is implemented combined with the optical fiber sensor, and the corresponding pest data table is constructed according to the required data to realize the real-time monitoring of vegetable pests and diseases. The simulation results show that this method can effectively solve the problems faced by traditional methods in the experiment and has higher advantages compared with other methods in the calculation process.
MEG Activity in Visual and Auditory Cortices Represents Acoustic Speech-Related Information during Silent Lip Reading
Authors: Bröhl Felix , Keitel Anne , Kayser Christoph 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSpeech is an intrinsically multisensory signal, and seeing the speaker’s lips forms a cornerstone of communication in acoustically impoverished environments. Still, it remains unclear how the brain exploits visual speech for comprehension. Previous work debated whether lip signals are mainly processed along the auditory pathways or whether the visual system directly implements speech-related processes. To probe this, we systematically characterized dynamic representations of multiple acoustic and visual speech-derived features in source localized MEG recordings that were obtained while participants listened to speech or viewed silent speech. Using a mutual-information framework we provide a comprehensive assessment of how well temporal and occipital cortices reflect the physically presented signals and unique aspects of acoustic features that were physically absent but may be critical for comprehension. Our results demonstrate that both cortices feature a functionally specific form of multisensory restoration: during lip reading, they reflect unheard acoustic features, independent of co-existing representations of the visible lip movements. This restoration emphasizes the unheard pitch signature in occipital cortex and the speech envelope in temporal cortex and is predictive of lip-reading performance. These findings suggest that when seeing the speaker’s lips, the brain engages both visual and auditory pathways to support comprehension by exploiting multisensory correspondences between lip movements and spectro-temporal acoustic cues.
Impact of Early Oral Antibiotic Therapy in Infants With Bacteremic Urinary Tract Infections
Authors: Olson Jared , Franz-O’Neal Erika , Cipriano Frank A , Ou Zhining , Presson Angela P , Thorell Emily A. 
Published: June 2022

OBJECTIVESTo determine the effect of early conversion to oral antibiotics in infants ≤90 days with gram-negative bacteremia and concomitant urinary tract infection on hospital length of stay (LOS) and 30-day revisits for urinary tract infection.DESIGNThis retrospective cohort study included infants ≤ 90 days who had concomitant positive blood and urine cultures with gram-negative bacteremia at 22 hospitals from January 1, 2002 through January 31, 2020. Early oral conversion was defined as a maximum intravenous (IV) duration of 4 days. We conducted a noninferiority test to compare early oral conversion to long IV therapy. A propensity score framework was used to assess comparisons in survey-weighted regression models using matched weights.RESULTSAmong 174 infants, 73 infants received early oral conversion. The LOS was shorter in infants receiving early oral conversion compared to long IV therapy (median 2 days [interquartile range 2, 3] vs 4 days [3, 5]), descriptively (P &lt; .001) and in noninferiority analysis (ratio = 0.43; 90% CI 0.35, 0.53, P &lt; .001). Thirty-day revisits occurred in 5 of 174 (2.8%) of total patients. Early oral conversion did not meet our noninferiority criteria for the 30-day revisits (odds ratio: 4.22, 90%; confidence interval: 0.83, 21.34, P = .91).CONCLUSIONSEarly oral conversion was associated with shorter LOS. The rate of 30-day revisit rates overall was low.
On occupation time for on-off processes with multiple off-states
Authors: Hu Chaoran , Pozdnyakov Vladimir , Yan Jun 
Published: June 2022

The need to model a Markov renewal on-off process with multiple off-states arise in many applications such as economics, physics, and engineering. Characterization of the occupation time of one specific off-state marginally or two off-states jointly is crucial to understand such processes. The exact marginal and joint distributions of the off-state occupation times are derived. The theoretical results are confirmed numerically in a simulation study. A special case when all holding times have Lévy distribution is considered for the possibility of simplification of the formulas.
Effect of charging protocol and carbon electrode selection in Na–O2 batteries
Authors: Kedzie Elyse A. , Nichols Jessica E. , McCloskey Bryan D. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractNonaqueous sodium- and lithium-oxygen batteries are of interest because of their high theoretical specific energies relative to state-of-the-art Li-ion batteries. However, several challenges limit rechargeability, including instability of the carbon electrode and electrolyte with reactive oxygen species formed during cycling. This work investigates strategies to improve the cycling efficiency of the Na–O2 system and minimize irreversible degradation of electrolyte and electrode materials. We show that charging cells with a constant current/constant voltage (CCCV) protocol is a promising technique made possible by the slight solubility of sodium superoxide in nonaqueous electrolytes. In addition, the type of carbon electrode has a significant impact on cell performance and efficacy of the cycling protocol. Graphitic carbon electrodes coupled with CCCV charging demonstrate higher reversibility, more efficient oxygen evolution, and less outgassing than conventional cells using a porous carbon paper electrode and only a constant current charge.
Graphical abstract
Retraction Notice: “Immunologic Criteria of Prediction of Bone Delayed Union”. Traumatology and Orthopedics of Russia. 2009;(2):59-66
Authors: Berdyugina Olga V. , Berdyugin Kirill A. 
Published: June 2022

The article Immunologic criteria of prediction of bone delayed union published in Traumatology and Orthopedics of Russia (2009, N 2) by O.V. Berdyugina, K.A. Berdyugin is a duplicate of the article Immunological monitoring of slow down ostheogenesis published in Medical Immunology. 2009;(3-4):371-378. That was the reason for retraction.
Revealed April 20, 2022 by the Editorial Board.
Elastic Transmitted Wave Reverse Time Migration for Imaging Earth’s Interior Discontinuities: A Numerical Study
Authors: Li Haipeng , Li Junlun 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT
Seismic imaging is crucial in investigating Earth’s interior structures and understanding its tectonics and evolution. The reflected, converted, and scattered waves have attracted considerable attention in the previous studies, whereas the directly transmitted waves are less used in seismic imaging. In this study, we present a novel passive source elastic transmitted wave reverse time migration (T-RTM) method to characterize major discontinuities in Earth’s interior using transmitted P or S waveforms. By extrapolating and then cross correlating the wavefields from the sources with the transmitted wavefields from the receivers using flood velocity models, the velocity discontinuities can be clearly imaged. The advantages and potential applications of the proposed T-RTM method are demonstrated with three synthetic imaging experiments. First, with distributed acoustic sensing using submarine cables, we show that the proposed method can be used to image the Moho with teleseismic S waves recorded in a single axial component, which is difficult for other imaging methods. Second, using direct P waveforms with a single P-wave velocity model, we show that the proposed method can be used to image 3D Moho topography without relying on the VP/VS ratio like in the traditional receiver function imaging. Third, the proposed method can also be used to image a fault plane with a sharp velocity contrast using local earthquakes. We discuss the limitations of the proposed method and some potential issues in field-data applications with additional numerical experiments. The proposed T-RTM method could provide many new opportunities for utilizing transmitted waveforms in the study of oceanic and continental structures.
El derecho a la sexualidad. Mujeres y discapacidad en el discurso de la sexualidad normalizada
Authors: Martínez Rodero Ana , García Manso Almudena 
Published: June 2022

A través de una serie de entrevistas de carácter cualitativo a mujeres que presentan diferentes grados de diversidad funcional, se describe su sexualidad y lo que tiene que ver con su desarrollo, práctica y discurso. Este trabajo, inminentemente descriptivo, parte de las vivencias de las participantes, donde se deja traslucir claramente cómo la sexualidad no ha sido considerada como un derecho básico, y que la sociedad ha obviado. De la misma manera se abordan todos aquellos otros temas que hacen de la sexualidad un tema amplio y complejo (menstruación, reproducción, genitalidad, o el placer…). Con lo que se concluye que no hay mujeres con discapacidad que sean asexuadas, sino una discursividad peyorativa, que por un lado está dentro de ese discurso más amplio acerca de cómo ve nuestra sociedad el fenómeno de la discapacidad; y, por otro, el de ser una manifestación más de las múltiples opresiones que sufren las mujeres, tanto en este como en otros ámbitos.
Educación en bioética y neuropsicología: reconocimiento del aprendizaje selectivo
Authors: Rodríguez-Suárez Nathalia 
Published: June 2022

Propósito/Contexto. Este texto se propone reflexionar sobre la educación en bioética desde los supuestos de la neuropsicología, con la cual las reflexiones que se pueden enriquecer de manera significativa, en particular, mediante el modelo patológico que describe a los pacientes con daño selectivo. A partir de estos casos es posible reconocer alteraciones aisladas en casi cualquier función mental superior; analizar este fenómeno tiene implicaciones en los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje de la bioética.
Metodología/Enfoque. Por medio de un estudio narrativo de casos de pacientes con daño cerebral selectivo, se analiza el fenómeno de la enseñanza-aprendizaje de la bioética.
Resultados/Hallazgos. El daño cerebral selectivo permite reconocer la pérdida selectiva de una función adquirida, lo que supone su previo aprendizaje. De esta manera, es válido sugerir que, en la medida en que es posible perder de manera selectiva una función previamente aprendida, también sería viable pensar qué se aprende de manera selectiva. Esto incluye el saber bioético, un aprendizaje que no se da necesariamente solo por la experiencia de vida.
Discusión/Conclusiones/Contribuciones. La educación en bioética puede fortalecer sus procesos de enseñanza al reconocer el aprendizaje selectivo, no necesariamente dado por la sola vivencia.
Curso de ética y bioética en la modalidad de educación a distancia: percepción de los profesionales de enfermería
Authors: Dos Santos Pereira Márcia , Spagnol Carla Aparecida , Palhares Guimarães Eliane Marina , Bicalho Godoy Solange Cervinho , Villa Eliana Aparecida , Da Silva Soleane Franciele 
Published: June 2022

Propósito/Contexto. Este artículo tiene como propósito evaluar el uso de la metodología de educación a distancia en la educación permanente desde la perspectiva de los profesionales de enfermería que participaron en el curso de ética y bioética en el Hospital Público Universitario de Minas Gerais.
Metodología/Enfoque. Se trata de un estudio descriptivo exploratorio con abordaje cualitativo que utilizó la técnica del discurso del sujeto colectivo (DSC) propuesta por Lefèvre y Lefèvre (2005) para analizar los testimonios de los profesionales de enfermería sobre el curso. Los participantes de la investigación fueron enfermeros y técnicos de enfermería quienes aceptaron participar luego de firmar el formulario de consentimiento informado.
Resultados/Hallazgos. Se encontraron tres categorías de análisis en los discursos de los participantes, las cuales posibilitaron la construcción de discursos colectivos a saber: la identificación con el tema de la ética, el aprendizaje a distancia y el apoyo institucional para la educación continua.
Discusión/Conclusiones/Contribuciones. Las declaraciones mostraron que la temática de la bioética y el curso que se ofrecía a distancia fueron determinantes para la participación de la enfermería. Sin embargo, parece que persisten los desafíos para participar en las actividades de capacitación, incluso si se ofrecen a distancia, debido a las precarias condiciones de trabajo y la falta de apoyo institucional. Estos aportes apuntan a la responsabilidad de los gestores en las mejoras estructurales en la oferta de cursos que amplíen el debate sobre bioética en los servicios de salud, especialmente en tiempos de pandemia.
Repercusiones de la teleducación en tiempos de pandemia: desigualdades socioeconómicas
Authors: Gómez Rojas Eduardo Guillermo , González Álvarez Mireya del Carmen , Fernández López Fanny Sarahi , Borrego González David 
Published: June 2022

Propósito. Identificar la teleducación universitaria en México, durante la pandemia, determinando los factores económicos, sociales y familiares y analizando los condicionantes de desigualdad, la afectación en el aprendizaje y la repercusión en el promedio escolar y sobre los apoyos estudiantiles de las instituciones.
Metodología. La metodología consiste en un estudio mixto a estudiantes universitarios del Estado de Coahuila, en julio de 2021, mediante una encuesta online de 31 reactivos de las cuales 2 fueron de respuesta abierta para analizar el apoyo económico con el que cuentan y la afectación en la calidad educativa.
Resultados. 86 universitarios que comparten el hogar con personas que estudian o trabajan en línea; al 62.4 % de ellos se les solicita que realicen tareas domésticas al tiempo de sus clases. El 86.14 % utilizó datos móviles para conectarse, lo que incrementa los costos de la educación. El 86.1 % refiriere que disminuyó la calidad del aprendizaje al iniciar las clases virtuales. Un 64.36 % refiere que al menos alguno de sus compañeros abandonó los estudios, por los motivos expuestos.
Conclusiones. Se concluye que la pandemia tuvo grandes repercusiones educativas, sociales, económicas y de forma secundaria, en la salud mental. No se cumplen los objetivos de la Declaración Universal de Bioética y Derechos Humanos de la UNESCO, en los artículos 2 (promover el acceso equitativo a diversos adelantos tecnologicos) y 10 (justicia, igualdad y equidad).
Bioengenharia: diálogo entre o direito e a bioética
Authors: Gabriel Ribeiro Oliveira , Santos Savio Gonçalves dos 
Published: June 2022

Objetivo/Contexto. Nos últimos dez anos, o desenvolvimento de tecnologias disruptivas causou inúmeras controvérsias em diversos campos do conhecimento científico e tecnológico. Este artigo analisa o desenvolvimento científico de tecnologias disruptivas e as sequelas que podem causar. Visa esclarecer a era atual da biotecnologia e seus desafios decorrentes de uma forma mais pedagógica, onde à ameaça sobre o surgimento de uma nova forma de eugenia. Propõem-se enriquecer o debate ético-legal e bioético sobre os limites importantes que precisam ser estabelecidos.
Metodologia/Abordagem. Os métodos de pesquisa utilizados foram, análise documental, a revisão da literatura e a pesquisa qualitativa.
Resultados/Descobertas. Em relação aos resultados, é necessário ponderar que o princípio da dignidade humana deve ser usado como uma peneira ética para experimentos futuros, mas não pode ser interpretado como um princípio restritivo, pois as correções dos distúrbios patológicos congênitos são necessárias para a experiência humana.
Discussão/Conclusões/Contribuições. Por conseguinte, as indagações suscitadas neste trabalho são necessárias, uma que vez, o progresso científico está crescendo exponencialmente, e os debates jus-filosóficos não tem acompanhado.
O reset humanitário e o novo tratado internacional da solidariedade global: um caminho para a resiliência global
Authors: de Oliveira Magalhães da Silva Loureiro Claudia Regina 
Published: June 2022

Objetivo/Contexto. O artigo discute a proposta do Novo Tratado da Solidariedade Global para o Enfrentamento de Pandemias, como paradigma para o reset humanitário, como um caminho para a resiliência global da humanidade.
Metodologia/ Abordagem. Com a utilização do método dedutivo, com a técnica de documentação indireta, através da análise da doutrina e dos documentos internacionais, o artigo abordará a necessidade de se revisitar a teoria do antropoceno, considerando-se o homem em sua relação harmônica com a natureza, bem como o redesenho das fronteiras entre a humanidade e o vírus, para a conformação de uma nova comunidade internacional, em solidariedade global.
Resultados/Descobertas. O artigo refletirá sobre a contribuição do Tratado Internacional para Futuras Pandemias na sociedade pós-pandêmica resiliente e concatenada com o princípio da solidariedade global, para a realização do reset humanitário.
Discussão/Conclusões/Contribuições. O trabalho analisará os contornos da comunidade internacional pós-pandêmica, consequência do antropocentrismo e adentrará no âmbito do ecocentrismo, propondo uma comunidade resiliente, no contexto do princípio da cooperação internacional, tomando-se como parâmetro o great reset, com a finalidade de adaptar referida ideia para o reset humanitário, necessário para a convivência da humanidade em solidariedade, no ambiente pós-pandêmico.
Elaborating the Challenges of Health Insurance Extent of Coverage and Proposing Solutions from Experts Perspectives
Authors: Delavarinejad Azam , Hooshmand Elahe , Moghri Javad , Vafaeenjar Ali 
Published: June 2022

Background: The health insurance extent of coverage was decided by the Health Insurance Organization in order to manage costs. In this plan, to determine the extent of payment by each medical center, the performance of the year 2017 was considered the base point. Furthermore, it should not cost more than the performance of the year 2017 or 10 % less. This issue had caused challenges in public hospitals; so, the purpose of this study is to explain the challenges of health insurance extent of coverage from the perspectives of the experts from Mashhad University of Medical Sciences and propose solutions.
Methods: This was a qualitative study conducted through content analysis method in 2022. In-depth and semi-structured interviews were used to collect data. The research population included experts such as staff and hospital managers, Medical group managers, and insurance managers and experts. It was done through purposeful sampling. Data collection continued until the codes were completed, and finally 17 people were interviewed. In each phase, data analysis and data collection were performed simultaneously, using content analysis method and MaxQDA10 software.
Results: In this study, the 2 main concepts were management challenges (including sub-concepts of motivation, performance evaluation, patient admission, and hospital costs), and planning challenges (including sub-concepts of education, infrastructures, cross-sectional coordination, and foresight).
Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study and the challenges expressed, Health Insurance Organization can take steps toward upgrading the plan by considering the necessary prerequisites and providing solutions such as performance monitoring evaluation system, cost management, training the target groups, and appropriate clarification and announcements.
Lifelong Learning Tendencies of Faculty of Medicine Students
Authors: GAYEF Albena , ALPTÜRK Çağrı 
Published: June 2022

Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the lifelong learning tendencies of the students studying at the medical faculty and whether there is a relationship between lifelong learning tendencies and gender, grade level variables.
Methods: In the study, “Lifelong Learning Tendency Scale”, sociodemographic question form were applied face to face to the medical faculty students (n= 196) in the 2019-2020 academic year. Statistical evaluation was made with the SPSS statistical program. Mean, standard deviation, frequency, percentage, Mann Whitney U, Kruskall Wallis tests were applied.
Results: Means of motivation, persistence, deprivation in regulating learning, deprivation in curiosity subdimensions, total score average are 6.43 + 2.43; 18.9 + 6.23; 24.48 + 5.05; 24.5 + 6.54; 74.34 + 9.56 respectively. The mean levels of females in motivation and deprivation in regulating learning were significantly lower than males; males’ total score mean was significantly higher than females (p
Dakwah Nasionalisme KH. Much. Imam Chambali
Authors: Nurhuda Muhammad , Salam Nurullina Wahidatus 
Published: June 2022

This article discusses the concept of da'wah nationalism in broadcasting Islamic values under the auspices of the Islamic boarding school developed by KH. Much. Imam Chambali. This study uses qualitative research with field research methods focused on the values of nationalism developed by KH. Much. Imam Chambali. The data collection instruments consist of interviews, documentation, and observations with the analysis technique of the Miles and Huberman model (data reduction, data presentation, and concluding). The results of the study illustrate that KH. Much. Imam Chambali carried out nationalism da'wah by planting and developing nationalism. How this is done can be seen clearly in three aspects. First, providing da'wah materials containing elements commemorating the services of heroes is expected to help foster a sense of nationalism. The second is an effort to inculcate an attitude of internal and inter-religious tolerance to create harmony. Third, acculturating the local language with its da'wah messages so that the da'wah message can be easily accepted by the community and as a tool to maintain nationalism in the era of globalization.