bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multitrack and multianchor point screw technique combined with the Wiltse approach for lesion debridement in the treatment of lumbar tuberculosis
Authors: Yuan Yu-fei , Ren Zhi-xin , Li Yan-bao , Zhang Cun , Li Guan-jun , Liu Bing-zhi , Li Xiao-dong , Li Jian-fei , Miao Jie 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Backgroud: To study the safety and efficacy of the multitrack and anchor point screw technique combined with the Wiltse approach for lesion debridement in the treatment of lumbar tuberculosis. Methods: We retrospectively enrolled 13 patients with lumbar spinal tuberculosis in our department from October 2014 to January 2021 who underwent unilateral multitrack multianchor screw fixation combined with contralateral Wiltse approach lesion debridement. Preoperative and final follow-up C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), preoperative, 3 months after operation, final follow-up low back pain visual analogue scale (VAS), and Oswestry disability index (ODI) were used for statistical analysis. The American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) grades were recorded before surgery, 3 months after surgery, and at the final follow-up for all patients to evaluate the clinical effect of the surgery. Results: The average age of the 13 patients was 60.15±10.31 years old, the average operation time was 150.92±37.32 minutes, and the average blood loss was 415.39±151.91 mL; CRP (3.05±1.82 mg/L) and ESR (5.57±3.70 mm/h) returned to normal, and the difference was statistically significant compared with those before the operation (P<0.01). The VAS score for low back pain in all patients was significantly decreased. The VAS scores for low back pain were 2.23±0.73 and 0.54±0.66 at 3 months after the operation and at the last follow-up, respectively, compared with 7.54±0.97 before the operation, and the difference was statistically significant. (P<0.01). The average preoperative ODI score was 80.31%±3.35% and decreased to 29.08%±1.94% and 19.54%±2.18% at 3 months after the operation and at the last follow-up, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant. (P<0.01). The symptoms of all patients with neurological dysfunction were relieved, and the ASIA grade increased by 1-2 grades at the last follow-up. The mean follow-up time for all patients was 18.23±4.69 months, and the mean bone fusion time was 8.85±2.51 months. There were no internal fixation-related complications, no tuberculosis sinus formation, and no recurrence of lumbar tuberculosis. Two patients were cured of postoperative pneumonia by antibiotic treatment. Conclusion: The multitrack multianchor point screw fixation technique combined with contralateral Wiltse approach debridement is an effective and safe method for the treatment of lumbar tuberculosis.
Electronic structures and stability of double-walled armchair (n,n)@(m,m) SiC nanotubes
Authors: Movlarooy Tayebeh , Motaharinejad Mehdi , HessamiPilehrood Saeid 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In this work, we have investigated the stability and electronic properties of armchair double-walled SiC nanotubes (DWSiCNTs) based on density functional theory (DFT) with the SIESTA package. The calculation has been performed on the armchair (4,4)@(n,n) and (5,5)@(n,n) DWSiCNTs with (n = 7 to15). The stability calculation of DWSiCNTs shows that the armchair DWSiCNTs with difference chirality of 4, (n,n)@(n + 4,n + 4) and inter-wall distance of 3.65 Å are the most stable structures. Considering the electronic band structure points that all armchair nanotubes are semiconductors with indirect bandgap. Moreover, it is revealed that the value of the bandgap increases by increasing inter-wall distances, and the process of change at higher inter-wall distances be almost constant. In addition, the bandgap of double-walled SiC nanotubes is smaller than that of their single-walled nanotubes. The consequences of this investigation can certainly be helpful in future experimental studies.
Barriers to childhood tuberculosis case detection and management in Cambodia: the perspectives of healthcare providers and caregivers
Authors: An Yom , Teo Alvin Kuo Jing , Huot Chan Yuda , Tieng Sivanna , Khun Kim Eam , Pheng Sok Heng , Leng Chhenglay , Deng Serongkea , Song Ngak , Nop Sotheara , Nonaka Daisuke , Yi Siyan 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Childhood tuberculosis (TB) case detection remains low in many high-burden countries, including Cambodia. Healthcare providers and caregivers play a critical role in improving childhood TB screening and treatment. This study aimed to determine the barriers to childhood TB detection and management from the perspectives of healthcare providers and caregivers in Cambodia. Method: We conducted this qualitative study between November and December 2020. In-depth interviews were done with 16 healthcare providers purposively selected from four operational districts and 28 caregivers of children with TB and children in close contact with bacteriological confirmed pulmonary TB residing under the coverage of the selected health centers. Data were analyzed using thematic analyses. Results: Mean ages of healthcare providers and caregivers were 40.19 years (standard deviation [SD] 11.89) and 47.93 years (SD 14.63), respectively. Male was predominant among healthcare providers (93.75%), whereas three-fourths of caregivers were female, and 28.57% of caregivers were grandparents. Inadequate TB staff, limited knowledge on childhood TB, poor collaboration among healthcare providers in different units on TB screening and management, limited quality of TB diagnostic tools, and interruption of supplies of childhood TB medicines due to maldistribution from higher levels to health facilities were the key barriers to childhood TB case detection and management. Caregivers reported transportation costs to and from health facilities, out-of-pocket expenditure, time-consuming, and no clear explanation from healthcare providers as barriers to childhood TB care-seeking. Aging of caregivers with poor physical conditions, lack of collaboration from caregivers, ignorance of healthcare provider's advice, and parent movement were also identified as barriers to childhood TB case detection and management. Conclusions: The national TB program should further invest in staff development, such as developing a national strategy for human resources for TB and increasing staff motivation, including performance-linked incentives provision. Appropriate TB diagnostic tools (e.g., rapid molecular diagnostic systems and scale-up of functional X-ray machines) should also be rolled out. To avoid drug supply interruptions, childhood TB drug management at all levels should be strengthened, such as drug forecasting, a clear mechanism for drug distribution, and drug monitoring. Increasing community awareness about TB should also be prioritized to increase community participation.
Investigation and modification of a CSSM-based elastic–thermoviscoplastic model for clay
Authors: Fathalikhani Marziyeh , Graham James , Kurz David , Maghoul Pooneh 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This paper examines the accuracy of a new elastic-thermoviscoplastic (E-TVP) constitutive model developed based on Critical State Soil Mechanics. The model can be used for simulating the temperature dependent, and strain-rate dependent behavior of clay soils. The study compares the E-TVP behavior of a single soil element with previously published thermo-mechanical experimental results performed on saturated clay specimens at different temperatures. Suggestions regarding unloading and reloading at constant temperatures as well as thermal consolidation under constant loads are presented. A modification for unloading-reloading adds a new criterion to the volumetric thermoviscoplastic strain rate formulation. A physics-based term is added to the current specific volume of the soil to include the viscous effect induced by temperature change. These modifications improve the convergence of laboratory data and simulated model responses. Comparisons of results from an earlier E-TVP model and the newly improved model provide evidence of improved predictive capabilities.
Reliability and validity of the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index in a sample of patients with Frozen Shoulder
Authors: Venturin Davide , Giannotta Gabriele , Pellicciari Leonardo , Rossi Alex , Pennella Denis , Goffredo Michela , Poser Antonio 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: The Shoulder and Pain Disability Index (SPADI) is a broadly used outcome measure. The aim of this study is to explore its psychometric properties in a sample of idiopathic frozen shoulder patients.Methods: The SPADI was administered to 124 patients with idiopathic frozen shoulder. The SPADI scores were compared with Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand Questionnaire (DASH), Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), and 36-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36). Structural validity, internal consistency, test-retest reliability, measurement error, and construct validity were analyzed.Results: The CFA showed good values of all indicators for both pain and disability subscale (CFI=0.999; TLI=0.997; RMSEA=0.030). A remarkably good internal consistency (α for pain=0.859; α for disability=0.895) was shown for both the subscales. Moreover, high test-retest reliability value was found (ICC for pain=0.989 [95% CI=0.975-0.995]; ICC for disability=0.990 [95% CI=0.988-0.998], together with SEM value of 4.52% and 2.82% and MDC value of 12.54% and 7.81% for pain and disability subscale, respectively. Construct validity was satisfactory, as ≥75% of the expected correlations were met for each subscale.Conclusion: The SPADI demonstrated satisfactory psychometric properties and resulted to be reliable and valid in a sample of idiopathic frozen shoulder patients.
Discovery of a 0.6 Mpc Diffuse HI Structure Associated with Stephan's Quintet
Authors: Xu Cong , Cheng Cheng 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Stephan's Quintet (SQ) is unique among compact groups of galaxies because of a very rare event currently occurring to it: a high velocity (~1000 km/s) intruder is colliding into a debris field in the intragroup medium (IGM) ^1. The debris has been produced by previous interactions among other members of the group, although the exact details and timing remains to be understood. Here we report the discovery of a very large diffuse atomic hydrogen (HI) structure (size ~ 0.6 Mpc) revealing new clues for the early history of the group (> 1 Gyr ago). This is the largest of such structures ever found in the vicinity of a group. Thanks to the size of the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Telescope (FAST), its exceptionally sensitive and large-format 19-beam receiver ^2, our observations achieved the HI column density sensitivity limit of 1 sigma = 4.2 ×10^(16) cm^(-2) per channel (20 km/s) when smoothed to 4’ angular resolution. This is one of the deepest extragalactic HI observations ever made.
Shared and non-shared sIgA-coated and uncoated bacteria in intestine of mother-infant pairs
Authors: Ding Mengfan , Chen Haiqin , Yu Renqiang , Ross R. Paul , Stanton Catherine , Zhang Hao , Yang Bo , Chen Wei 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
The infant gut microbiota is critical for promoting and maintaining early life health. Bacteria coated by secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) may help commensal bacteria colonize the gastrointestinal tract. The study aimed to analyze the composition of sIgA-coated and sIgA-uncoated bacterial communities at genus level, and lactobacilli and bifidobacterial communities at species level in human breast milk (HBM), infant, and maternal feces.
Results
Eleven pregnant women were recruited successfully. HBM, infant feces during colostrum, transition, and mature stages, and maternal feces within the mature stage were collected. sIgA-coated and sIgA-uncoated bacteria were separated with magnetic-activated cell sorting. Then 16S rRNA sequencing, bifidobacterial groEL gene sequencing, and lactobacilli groEL gene sequencing were performed to analyze the bacterial community. The richness of sIgA-coated bacteria was significantly higher than that of sIgA-uncoated bacteria in HBM. PCoA revealed that the compositions of sIgA-coated and sIgA-uncoated bacteria were different among HBM, infant and maternal feces. The dominant sIgA-coated bacteria in those samples were Escherichia/shigella and the dominant sIgA-uncoated bacteria was Pseudomonas. Higher relative abundance of sIgA-uncoated Bifidobacterium was found in the three lactation stages in infant feces compared to the corresponding HBM, and a higher relative abundance of sIgA-uncoated Faecalibacterium was found in maternal feces compared to HBM and infant feces. For the bifidobacterial community, PCoA analysis revealed a significantly different Bifidobacterium composition only in the sIgA-uncoated segments of infant feces and maternal feces. sIgA-coated and sIgA-uncoated B. longum subsp. infantis and B. pseudocatenulatum was dominant in infant feces and maternal feces, respectively. Additionally, the relative abundance of sIgA-uncoated B. longum subsp. infantis was significantly higher in infant feces compared to that in maternal feces. For the Lactobacillus community, the composition was significantly different in infant and maternal feces, while at species level, L. paragasseri and L. mucosae were dominant in infant and maternal feces, respectively.
Conclusion
HBM, infant, and maternal feces showed distinct diversity and composition of both sIgA-coated and sIgA-uncoated bacteria at genus level. Infant and maternal feces showed similar diversity and similar composition of Bifidobacterium at species level. The same Bifidobacterium species could be detected both in sIgA-coated and sIgA-uncoated form.
Thermal vibrational convection in a rotating plane layer
Authors: Kozlov Victor , Rysin Kirill , Vjatkin Aleksei 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The influence of rotation on the thermal vibrational convection of liquid in a horizontal plane layer is studied experimentally. The convection in the layer is excited by the vibrations of circular polarization in the horizontal plane. The research is carried out in a liquid layer heated from above, under conditions of a strong stabilizing effect of gravity. In this case, the vibrational convection is excited at a relatively high intensity of vibrations and manifests itself in the development of short-wavelength convective structures in the form of beads. It is found that the rotation has a stabilizing effect and increase the vibrational convection excitation threshold. A map of convective stability is plotted on the plane of dimensionless parameters: vibrational parameter, and dimensionless velocity of rotation, for different values of the gravitational Rayleigh number. The results are compared with the classic case of gravitational convection in a rotating layer. It is shown that, similarly to the case of gravitational convection, rotation has a stabilizing effect on vibroconvective stability; the threshold value of the vibration parameter increases with the dimensionless velocity. It is found that at large negative values of the gravitational Rayleigh number, when cellular convective structures of vibroconvective nature are characterized by large wave numbers, in the studied area of the dimensionless frequency, rotation has little effect on the wave number of spatial convective structures, but changes their shape.
Novel bacterial group potentially dominates sulfur cycling in the dark ocean
Authors: Baltar Federico , Martínez-Pérez Clara , Amano Chie , Vial Marion , Robaina-Estevez Semidan , Reinthaler Thomas , Zhao Zihao , Logares Ramiro , Herndl Gerhard , Morales Sergio , González José 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The dark ocean (>200 m depth) is the largest habitat on Earth. Dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) fixation in the oxygenated waters of the dark ocean is in the same order of magnitude as heterotrophic microbial biomass production 1,2. Recent evidence suggests sulfur oxidation could be a major energy source for deep ocean microbes 3. However, the global relevance and the identity of the major players in sulfur oxidation in the oxygenated deep-water column remain elusive. Here we combined single-cell genomics, community metagenomics, metatranscriptomics and single-cell activity measurements to present a novel, ubiquitous mixotrophic bacterial group (UBA868) dominating the total expression of RuBisCO genes (up to 40%) and of key sulfur oxidation (soxB and rdsrA) genes (up to 100%) in the global dark ocean. Our study also underscores the unrecognized importance of mixotrophic microbes, such as UBA868, in the biogeochemical cycles of the deep ocean.
Inhibition of granulation hyperplasia and scar tissue formation by rapamycin-eluting stents in benign airway stenosis: an animal study
Authors: Chen Feng , Zhang Jie , Qiu Xiao‑Jian , Wang Ting 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Objective To study the inhibitory effect of rapamycin-eluting stents on the proliferation of granulation tissue and formation of scar tissue in a canine model with benign tracheal stenosis.Methods A benign airway stenosis model of Beagle dogs was created by compressing the trachea with endotracheal intubation and a high-pressure balloon. Six Beagle dogs with comparable degrees of tracheal stenosis were randomly divided into two groups: the rapamycin-eluting stent (RES) group and bare metal stent (BMS) group. Before stent insertion, all the tracheal stenosis were evaluated carefully and dilated with a tracheal balloon. Then, rapamycin-eluting stents and bare metal stents were inserted in the stenosis of Beagle dogs in the RES group and BMS group, respectively. Endoscopic evaluation was performed every 2 weeks after the operation. The degree of inflammation in the airway mucosa and granulation tissue formation in and at both ends of the stents were recorded. After a 12-week observation period, all the Beagle dogs were euthanized, and the tracheas were dissected. Further microscopic evaluation of granulation tissue proliferation and scar tissue formation was undertaken. Results The scores of mucosal airway inflammation in the RES group were lower than those in the BMS group. The rate of tracheal stenosis caused by granulation tissue proliferation and scar tissue formation in the RES group was significantly decreased in comparison with the BMS group, during the follow-up period. All the Beagle dogs were euthanized after 12 weeks and the tracheal tissue around the stents was dissected for fixation and hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining. The degree of granulation tissue proliferation and scar tissue formation in the RES group was significantly lower than that in the BMS group under the microscope.Conclusions Rapamycin-eluting stents may reduce local airway mucosal inflammation and inhibit granulation tissue proliferation and scar tissue formation in dogs with benign airway stenosis and do so to a higher degree than bare metal stents.
Magnetic and thermodynamic substantiation of the efficiency of three-component Ho1-xErxNi2 (x = 0.25, 0.5, 0.75) Laves-phases
Authors: Ćwik Jacek , Koshkidko Jurii , Nenkov Konstantin , Tereshina-Chitrova Evgenia , Małecka Małgorzata , Weise Bruno , Kowalska Karolina 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
A wide variety of intriguing and exciting effects observed in solids results from the coupling of their magnetic sublattice with an applied magnetic field. In particular, it concerns the magneto-thermodynamic phenomenon well-known as the magnetocaloric effect (MCE), which manifests itself in the absorption and emission of heat by a solid under an external magnetic field change. To date, significant efforts have been put into searching for materials with advanced magnetocaloric properties, which show promise as refrigerants that might ensure the reliable and efficient cooling technology being alternative to the conventional gas-compression-based technology. To fulfill the expectations, new compounds with improved and tailored MCE characteristics are designed and efficient procedures for their manufacturing are developed. A great deal of attention has been paid to searching for magnetic refrigerants in view of industrial applications. Systems showing large MCEs at low temperatures are of importance due to their potential utilization in refrigeration for gas liquefaction. We find that the Laves-phase rare-earth-nickel solid solutions give the possibility of reaching high magnetocaloric potentials in a wide temperature range, which is demonstrated by an example of the Ho1xErxNi2 compositions used as components of magnetocaloric composites.
Impact of Delayed Gastric Emptying After Pancreatoduodenectomy on Postoperative Nutritional Status: A Substudy of Prospective, Multicenter Randomized Study
Authors: Mizumoto Takuya , Toyama Hirochika , Matsumoto Ippei , Asari Sadaki , Goto Tadahiro , Nanno Yoshihide , Ishida Jun , So Shinichi , Urade Takeshi , Fukushima Kenji , Gon Hidetoshi , Tsugawa Daisuke , Komatsu Shohei , Kuramitsu Kaori , Yanagimoto Hiroaki , Kido Masahiro , Ajiki Tetsuo , Fukumoto Takumi 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The aim of this study was to investigate the risk factors for delayed gastric emptying (DGE) and the impact of DGE on postoperative nutritional status after subtotal stomach-preserving pancreatoduodenectomy (SSPPD). The pathophysiology of DGE after SSPPD is still unknown, and the precise impact of DGE on various nutritional markers has been scarcely reported.
Methods
The risk factors for DGE were analyzed using a database created for a previously reported randomized controlled trial (UMIN000005827). To investigate the impact of DGE, data on patient nutrition were analyzed.
Results
Data from 196 patients were analyzed. DGE occurred in 30 patients (15.3%). Hand-sewn gastrojejunostomy was found to be significantly associated with DGE (P = 0.005). Serum levels of albumin (3.16 g/dL in patients with DGE versus 3.4 g/dL in patients without DGE) and total cholesterol (125.1 mg/dL in patients with DGE versus 147.2 mg/dL in patients without DGE) in DGE patients were lower at postoperative month (POM) one. There was no statistically significant difference in any of the nutritional parameters at POM three or later. On multivariate analysis, preoperative serum albumin < 3.5 mg/dL (Odds ratio, 3.27; P = 0.002) and DGE (Odds ratio, 2.68; P = 0.043) were significantly associated with decreased serum albumin level (< 3.5 mg/dL) at POM one.
Conclusion
DGE after SSPPD may be associated with hand-sewn gastrojejunostomy. DGE impairs patients’ nutrition for the first postoperative month. However, its effect is limited to no more than three months.