bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative Analysis on Surgical Operability and Degree of Exposure of Microsurgical Approaches to Intraforaminal Lumbar Disk Herniations
Authors: Gagliardi Filippo , Pompeo Edoardo , Snider Silvia , Roncelli Francesca , Medone Marzia , De Domenico Pierfrancesco , Piloni Martina , Mortini Pietro 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background Intraforaminal lumbar disk herniations (IFDHs) represent a heterogeneous and relatively uncommon disease; their treatment is technically demanding due to the anatomical relationships with nerve roots and vertebral joints. Over time, several approaches have been developed without reaching a consensus about the best treatment strategy.
Materials and methods Authors comparatively analyze surgical operability and exposure in terms of quantitative variables between the different microsurgical approaches to IFDHs, defining the impact of each approach on surgical maneuverability and exposure on specific targets.A comparative microanatomical laboratory investigation was conducted. The operability score (OS) was applied for quantitative analysis of surgical operability.
Results Transarticular and combined translaminar-trans-pars-interarticularis approaches result in providing the best surgical exposure and maneuverability on all targets with surgical controls on both nerve roots, at the expense of a higher risk of iatrogenic instability. Trans-pars-interarticularis approach reaches comparable levels of operability, even limited to the pure foraminal area (lateral compartment); similar findings were recorded for partial facetectomy on the medial compartment. The contralateral interlaminar approach provides good visualization of the foramen without consensual favorable maneuverability, which should be considered the main drawback.
Conclusions Approach selection has to consider disease location, the possible migration of disk fragments, the degree of nerve root involvement, and risk of iatrogenic instability. According to the findings, authors propose an operative algorithm to tailor the surgical strategy, based both on the precise definition of anatomic boundaries of exposure of each approach and on surgical maneuverability on specific targets.
A Case of Fulminant Listeria Rhombencephalitis with Brainstem Abscesses in a 37-Year-Old Immunocompetent Patient: From Vestibular Neuritis to Ondine's Curse
Authors: Percuoco Veronica , Kemp Oliver , Bolognese Manuel , von Hessling Alexander , Scholte Johannes B.J. , Schneider Ulf C. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe present a rare case of Listeria monocytogenes (LM) rhombencephalitis with the formation of multifocal abscesses in a young immunocompetent patient. His initial symptoms of dizziness, headache, and feeling generally unwell were put down to a coincidental coinfection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The unfortunate rapid progression to trigeminal, hypoglossal, vagal, facial, and abducens nuclei palsies, and then an acquired central hypoventilation syndrome, known as Ondine's curse, required a prolonged intensive care unit (ICU) stay, and prolonged mechanical ventilation. As they continued to deteriorate despite targeted antibiotic treatment, surgical drainage of the abscesses was seen as the only meaningful available treatment option left to contain the disease. Postoperatively, the patient's strength rapidly improved as well as the severity of the cranial nerve palsies. After prolonged rehabilitation, at 3 months of follow-up, the patient was weaned off mechanical ventilation, independently mobile, and was left with only minor residual neurologic deficits. This case highlights a number of interesting findings only touched upon in current literature including the route of entry of LM into the central nervous system, the rare entity of acquired central hypoventilation syndrome, and finally the use of surgical intervention in cerebral LM infections.
Safety and Efficacy of Combined Imbrication Axle Reconstruction and Z-Type Titanium Plate Fixation for Hinge Fracture Displacement During Open-Door Laminoplasty
Authors: Liu Fa-jing , Li Ning , Chai Yi , Ding Xiao-kun , Yang Hai-yun , Li Peng-fei 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background Open-door laminoplasty is a classical decompression method used to treat cervical spondylotic myelopathy. However, hinge fracture displacement (HFD) is a common occurrence during this procedure. The current study aimed to investigate the safety and efficacy of a combined imbrication axle reconstruction and Z-type titanium plate fixation method for HFD during open-door laminoplasty.
Methods In total, 617 patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy who underwent C3–C7 open-door laminoplasty from March 2015 to October 2018 were included in this retrospective study. Overall, 73 patients developed HFD during surgery. Of these, 43 underwent combined imbrication axle reconstruction and Z-type titanium plate fixation (IRZF group) and 30 underwent traditional titanium plate fixation (TF group). Data such as the operative time, intraoperative blood loss volume, and distribution of fractured hinges were recorded. Both groups were compared in terms of improvement in neurologic function, cervical curvature index, hinge fusion rate, incidence of C5 palsy, severity of axial symptoms, and development of complications.
Results The operative time and intraoperative blood loss were slightly higher in the IRZF group than in the TF group; however, the differences were not significant (p > 0.05). Furthermore, there was no significant difference between the groups in terms of the number of fractured segments and the distribution of fractured hinges (p > 0.05). The cervical curvature index did not decline in the two groups (p > 0.05). The IRZF group had a higher hinge fusion rate than the TF group at 3 (79.6 vs. 57.1%) and 12 (93.9 vs. 74.3%) months postoperatively (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of C5 palsy between the two groups (9.3 vs. 6.7%; p > 0.05). However, the TF group had more severe axial symptoms than the IRZF group (p < 0.05). The neurologic function of the two groups increased postoperatively as per the Japanese Orthopaedic Association scoring system (p < 0.05). Nevertheless, there was no significant difference in terms of neurologic function at any observational time point (p > 0.05). One patient in the TF group with hinge nonunion underwent laminectomy due to lamina displacement into the spinal canal and nerve root compression.
Conclusion In patients with HFD, IRZF facilitates a more intimate contact between the lamina and the lateral mass and, therefore, achieves fractured hinge fusion without additional surgical trauma. This technical improvement can significantly promote neurologic recovery, decrease the severity of axial symptoms, and prevent the development of spinal cord or nerve root recompression.
Colorectal sessile serrated lesion detection using linked-color imaging versus narrow-band imaging: a parallel randomized controlled trial
Authors: Li Jun , Chen Kan , Wei Yunlei , Zhang Di , Wang Yuxin , Hou Xiaojia , Wu Ruijin , Peng Kangsheng , Li Lei , Huang Chao , Wang Yilong , Xun Linjuan , Liu Feng 
Published: December 2022

Background Previous studies have reported the effectiveness of narrow-band imaging (NBI) and linked-color imaging (LCI) in improving the detection of colorectal neoplasms. There has however been no direct comparison between LCI and NBI in the detection of colorectal sessile serrated lesions (SSLs). The present study aimed to compare the effectiveness of LCI and NBI in detecting colorectal SSLs.
Methods A prospective, parallel, randomized controlled trial was conducted. The participants were randomly assigned to the LCI or NBI arms. The primary end point was the SSL detection rate (SDR).
Results 406 patients were involved; 204 in the LCI arm and 202 in the NBI arm. The total polyp detection rate, adenoma detection rate, and SDR were 54.2 %, 38.7 %, and 10.8%, respectively. The SDR was not significantly different between the LCI and NBI arms (12.3 % vs. 9.4 %; P = 0.36). The differences in the detection rate and the per-patient number of polyps, adenomas, diminutive lesions, and flat lesions between LCI and NBI also were not statistically significant. Multivariate analysis showed that LCI and NBI were not independent factors associated with SDR, whereas Boston Bowel Preparation Scale score (odds ratio [OR] 1.35, 95 %CI 1.03–1.76; P = 0.03), withdrawal time (OR 1.13, 95 %CI 1.00–1.26; P = 0.04), and operator experience (OR 3.73, 95 %CI 1.67–8.32; P = 0.001) were independent factors associated with SDR.
Conclusions LCI and NBI are comparable for SSL detection, as well as for the detection of polyps and adenomas.
Development and Validation of a Survey to Measure Patients' Expectations of Wrist Arthritis Surgery
Authors: Wolff Aviva L. , Mancuso Carol A. , Lee Steve K. , Wolfe Scott W. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background The purpose of this study was to develop and test a patient-derived expectations survey for wrist arthritis surgery. We hypothesized that preoperative patient expectations are higher in people with greater functional impairment and that postoperative fulfilment of patient expectations correlates with functional improvement.
Methods The study was conducted in four phases.
Development (n = 22) Preoperatively, patients were asked open-ended questions regarding expectations of surgery. A draft survey was then assembled.
Reliability (n = 35) The survey was administered twice preoperatively. Concordance was measured with weighted kappa values and intraclass correlations (ICC).
Validity (n = 58) Validity was assessed by comparing responses from the Expectations Survey to the patient-rated wrist evaluation (PRWE).
Responsiveness (n = 18) Responsiveness was calculated by comparing the proportion of expectations fulfilled to PRWE scores 1-year postoperatively.
Results Development Twenty-two distinct items representing the most frequent responses were utilized from the draft survey items of 1,244 expectations volunteered.
Reliability Patients had high preoperative expectations of surgery (mean = 76.8); 30% had scores ≥90. Test–retest reliability was high (Cronbach α coefficients = 0.91, 0.93, ICC = 0.86). Endorsement of items = 66 to 100%; and weighted kappa values = 0.39 to 0.96.
Validity Patients with greater preoperative expectations (≥63) had more pain, worse function, and worse PRWE scores than those with lower expectations.
Responsiveness The proportion of fulfilled expectations was high (mean 0.80, median 0.79), and greater fulfillment (proportion > 0.80, n = 8) was associated with better postoperative PRWE scores.
Conclusion The patient-derived expectations survey is reliable, valid, responsive, and addresses a spectrum of expectations for patients undergoing surgery for wrist arthritis.Clinical relevance Understanding patient expectations can contribute to customized care given the range of surgical choices for the arthritic wrist.
Cr doped CeO2 nanoparticles as supercapacitor electrodes
Authors: Veena B. , Pavithra S. , Seetha M. , Sakunthala A. , Masuda Yoshitake 
Published: December 2022

The consumption of electrical energy has greatly increased lately, and the requirement of portable charge storage devices has also increased. To fulfill this, a versatile rare earth element CeO2 in nanoparticle form is selected and synthesized through a cost effective precipitation method for supercapacitor application. To improve its efficiency, 2% and 4% of transition metal chromium were doped into the ceria lattice, and their electrochemical properties were studied. The cubic fluorite structure with an average crystallite size of all the samples was 16 nm, which was confirmed through x-ray diffraction analysis. Peculiar rice shaped clusters are observed for 2% Cr doped samples through field emission scanning electron microscopy analysis. The N2 adsorption desorption studies were performed to calculate the surface area of the prepared samples. A maximum specific capacitance of 42.6 F g−1 was obtained for the 2% Cr doped CeO2 sample at 5 mV s−1 in 2M KOH in cyclic voltammetric studies. The galvanostatic charge–discharge and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements were also taken to analyze the charge–discharge cycles and stability of the samples.
Article use in Upper German – a ‘radical’ stage of grammaticalization?
Authors: Vergeiner Philip C. , Niehaus Konstantin 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Despite an increasing interest in German dialect syntax, the study of article use in Upper German (Alemannic and
Bavarian) remains a desideratum. This is true in particular for Austrian varieties. The present study focusses on article
variation and change in Austrian Upper German and discusses the status of article grammaticalization. To that effect, ‘radical’
cases of article use in Upper German are analysed, i.e. cases considered incorrect in standard German: the use of indefinite
articles before mass nouns, of definite articles before proper nouns, and of indefinite articles in the plural. These phenomena
are investigated by means of a comprehensive dialect survey (3,599 dialect translations by 163 dialect speakers from 40 research
locations). The analysis examines inner-linguistic factors (lexis, semantics, syntax) as well as extra-linguistic factors (dialect
areas, age group). The findings reveal a surprisingly high variability and a relatively advanced stage of grammaticalization in
some areas, especially Central Bavarian dialects.
Reliance upon contextual information can impede visual anticipation
Authors: Müller Sean , Brenton John , O'Grady Mathew 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACTThis study investigated whether skilled batsmen in a state cricket pathway could anticipate ball types when congruency of field‐placings was manipulated with a bowler's action. Twenty‐four male cricket batsmen were recruited who had played either first‐class cricket (n = 6), were part of under 17 (n = 8) or under 19 (n = 10) state cricket squads. Participants completed a video‐based temporal occlusion test where they were required to anticipate ball types from a swing bowler. In condition one, contextual field‐placing information was presented to be congruent with the delivery type and bowler's action, whilst in condition two it was incongruent. Results did not reveal skill level differences across conditions for anticipation. In the congruent condition, all skill groups predicted above the chance level at the beginning and end of the bowler's delivery stride. In the incongruent condition, first‐class players predicted above chance at the beginning of the bowler's delivery stride, and to a higher magnitude above chance compared to other skill groups at ball release. Under 17 and 19 players could not predict above chance at the start of the bowler's delivery stride with their magnitude of prediction lower than first‐class players at ball release. Results indicate skilled batsmen find it challenging to integrate contextual and kinematic information to anticipate. This is likely due to greater emphasis placed upon contextual information in part supplied by data analysts. Findings have theoretical and practical implications respectively for lower body positioning for bat‐ball interception and perceptual training to improve pick‐up of kinematic cues.
Capturing of non-hydrogenic Rydberg series of exciton binding energy in two-dimensional mono-layer WS2 using a modified Coulomb potential in fractional space
Authors: Ahmad Shahzad , Zubair Muhammad , Younis Usman 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
2D materials exhibit unique electronic states due to quantum confinement. Among the Group-VI chalcogenides, direct mono-layer WS2 is the most prominent where screening is non-localized, having strongly bound excitons with large binding energies and a pronounced deviation of the excitonic states from the hydrogenic series. State-of-the-art experimental and theoretical methods to determine excitonic Rydberg series employ optical spectroscopy and Bethe-Salpeter (BSE) equation, respectively, but incur high costs, paving the way to develop analytical approaches. We present a generalized hydrogenic model by employing a fractional version of the Coulomb-like potential to capture the excitonic Rydberg series of the fundamental optical transition in mono-layer WS2, based on the fractional scaling of the electron-hole pair interactions through the tuning of the fractional-space parameter β, benchmarked with experimental data and that of with numerical computation of the hydrogenic solution involving the Rytova-Keldysh (R-K) potential model. The enhanced electron-hole interactions lead to a strong dielectric contrast between the mono-layer WS2 and its surrounding environment and causes the deviation of the low-lying excitonic states from the hydrogenic series. The fractional Coulomb potential (FCP) model captures the first two non-hydrogenic states at β < 3, to fit a Coulomb-like to logarithmic change with respect to the excitonic radius and the higher hydrogenic states to have Coulombic interactions at β ≈ 3 in mono-layer WS2. A comparison of the proposed model with an existing model based on Wannier theory reveals a reduction in the relative mean square error of up to 30% for the excitonic series, with only the ground state captured as non-hydrogenic by the latter.
A flexible bilayer p-NiO/n-ZnO films with photodetecting properties in self power mode
Authors: Salunkhe Parashurama , Bhat Prashant , Kekuda Dhananjaya 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
We report highly efficient flexible p-NiO/n-ZnO heterojunction UV photodetectors. NiO and ZnO thin films were grown on plastic polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrates by dc magnetron sputtering for constructing high quality interfaces. The diode has shown an excellent rectification ratio i.e. 106 under dark mode and observed more than 80% transparency in the visible region. Investigated structural, compositional, and optical properties of the film to correlate the UV photodetector transport characteristics. Further, UV illumination devices exhibit an excellent responsivity of 0.24 A W−1 with a detectivity of 1.25 × 1011 jones and the highest external quantum efficiency of 83.14% achieved at −5 V of bias. The device shows the fastest speed of response with rise/fall times of 86.10 ms/106.60 ms, accomplished at −1 V with the lowest optical power density. The photodiode has shown incredible characteristics that are mainly attributed to the built-in potential and the transport mechanism at the interface.
High anisotropic magnetoresistance, perfect spin-filtering effect, and negative differential resistance effect of Cr-doped anatase phase TiO2
Authors: Liu Sheng , Liu Bin , Wang Tongtong , Zhu Sicong , Li Yu 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Anisotropy-based half-metallic materials are highly efficient in spintronic devices and have important applications in spintronics. Anatase phase TiO2 has attracted much attention because of its anisotropy, but its non-magnetism limits its applications in spintronics. We investigate the electronic structure of 3d transition metal-doped anatase phase TiO2 by first principles method to achieve spin injection of anatase. The calculation results exhibit that the Sc, Cr, Mn, Fe, and Ni-doped systems are half-metallic ferromagnets while other doped systems behave as magnetic metals except the V-doped system is a magnetic semiconductor. The calculated formation energy under O-rich condition are negative shows that all half-metals are thermodynamically stable, and we construct devices along the y-direction of the half-metal and find that the device based on the Cr-doped system has the best electronic transfer capacity under zero bias. Then we use the Cr-doped system as the electrode and the pure anatase unit cell as the central scattering region to construct devices in different directions. We find that the magnitude of the current along different transport directions varied greatly, and the calculated anisotropic magnetoresistance was as high as 300%. Furthermore, whether spin configurations (PC) or antiparallel configurations (APC), there is a 100% spin-filtering efficiency of the device, and we find a significant negative differential resistance effect of the device in PC. These results suggest that Cr-doped anatase phase TiO2 can be used in spintronics.
Laser processing of composite materials for acoustic applications
Authors: Singh Priyanka Priyadarsini , Nath Ganeswar 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The consistency of machined components in terms of their final material surfaces is a fundamental aspect of manufacturing. Laser-based non-contact sensors that use non-destructive speckle imaging are challenging the surface profilometry technique as an alternative method for the analysis of surface quality. This paper presents research into the importance of laser techniques in analyzing the surface roughness of composite materials used in the fabrication of acoustic panels. Roughness analyses performed by both the designed laser sensor and the surface profilometry technique were both found to be efficient; however, the speckle imaging method produces better results for most materials. Enhancements in surface roughness were measured and found to be 20% greater than those observed by the stylus method; in addition, the laser technique has low costs for commercial applications while being a scientific-concept-based analytical technique that uses a novel approach. The surface roughness was measured under different conditions by varying the speckle contrast using different positions and laser source orientations. The interactions between photons and phonons were analyzed in depth for a fabricated biomaterial-based-composite to assess its suitability for acoustic applications in different smart devices.
Construction and Validation of a Geometry-based Mathematical Model for the Hard X-Ray Imager
Authors: Jiang Xian-Kai , Wu Jian , Chen Deng-Yi , Hu Yi-Ming , Wang Hao-Xiang , Liu Wei , Zhang Zhe 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Quantitative and analytical analysis of the modulation process of the collimator is a great challenge, and is also of great value to the design and development of Fourier transform imaging telescopes. The Hard X-ray Imager (HXI), as one of the three payloads onboard the Advanced Space-based Solar Observatory (ASO-S) mission, adopts modulating Fourier-Transformation imaging technique and will be used to explore the mechanism of energy release and transmission in solar flare activities. As an important step to reconstruct the images of solar flares, accurate modulation functions of HXI are needed. In this paper, a mathematical model is developed to analyze the modulation function under a simplified condition first. Then its behavior under six degrees of freedom is calculated after adding the rotation matrix and translation change to the model. In addition, unparalleled light and extended sources are also considered so that our model can be used to analyze the X-ray beam experiment. Next, applied to the practical HXI conditions, the model has been confirmed not only by Geant4 simulations but also by some verification experiments. Furthermore, how this model helps to improve the image reconstruction process after the launch of ASO-S is also presented.