bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mapping HIV prevalence in Nigeria using small area estimates to develop a targeted HIV intervention strategy
Authors: O’BRIEN-CARELLI Caitlin , STEUBEN Krista , STAFFORD Kristen A. , ALIOGO Rukevwe , ALAGI Matthias , JOHANNS Casey K. , IBRAHIM Jahun , SHIRAISHI Ray , EHOCHE Akipu , GREBY Stacie , DIRLIKOV Emilio , IBRAHIM Dalhatu , BRONSON Megan , ALIYU Gambo , ALIYU Sani , DWYER-LINDGREN Laura , SWAMINATHAN Mahesh , DUBER Herbert C. , CHARURAT Man 
Published: June 2022

Objective
Although geographically specific data can help target HIV prevention and treatment strategies, Nigeria relies on national- and state-level estimates for policymaking and intervention planning. We calculated sub-state estimates along the HIV continuum of care in Nigeria.

Design
Using data from the Nigeria HIV/AIDS Indicator and Impact Survey (NAIIS) (July–December 2018), we conducted a geospatial analysis estimating three key programmatic indicators: prevalence of HIV infection among adults (aged 15–64 years); antiretroviral therapy (ART) coverage among adults living with HIV; and viral load suppression (VLS) rate among adults living with HIV.

Methods
We used an ensemble modeling method called stacked generalization to analyze available covariates and a geostatistical model to incorporate the output from stacking as well as spatial autocorrelation in the modeled outcomes. Separate models were fitted for each indicator. Finally, we produced raster estimates of each indicator on an approximately 5×5-km grid and estimates at the sub-state/local government area (LGA) and state level.

Results
Estimates for all three indicators varied both within and between states. While state-level HIV prevalence ranged from 0.3% (95% uncertainty interval [UI]: 0.3%–0.5%]) to 4.3% (95% UI: 3.7%–4.9%), LGA prevalence ranged from 0.2% (95% UI: 0.1%–0.5%) to 8.5% (95% UI: 5.8%–12.2%). Although the range in ART coverage did not substantially differ at state level (25.6%–76.9%) and LGA level (21.9%–81.9%), the mean absolute difference in ART coverage between LGAs within states was 16.7 percentage points (range, 3.5–38.5 percentage points). States with large differences in ART coverage between LGAs also showed large differences in VLS—regardless of level of effective treatment coverage—indicating that state-level geographic targeting may be insufficient to address coverage gaps.

Conclusion
Geospatial analysis across the HIV continuum of care can effectively highlight sub-state variation and identify areas that require further attention in order to achieve epidemic control. By generating local estimates, governments, donors, and other implementing partners will be better positioned to conduct targeted interventions and prioritize resource distribution.
Examining the association between HIV prevalence and socioeconomic factors among young people in Zambia: Do neighbourhood contextual effects play a role?
Authors: Nakazwe Chola , Fylkesnes Knut , Michelo Charles , Sandøy Ingvild F. 
Published: June 2022

Background
The study examined the association between HIV infection and individual and neighbourhood-level socioeconomic factors in Zambia.

Methods
We used multilevel mixed effects logistic regression to examine the association of individual and neighbourhood level variables on HIV prevalence based on data from the 2013–14 and 2018 Zambia Demographic and Health Surveys, population-based cross-sectional surveys. The analysis was restricted to young people (15–24 years) with HIV serostatus results (n = 11,751 and n = 10,154). HIV serostatus was the outcome variable and socioeconomic status was measured by wealth, education and employment.

Results
Overall, at individual level, education was associated with reduced odds of HIV infection among young women and men. Conversely, relative wealth was generally associated with increased odds of infection for both young women and men. Young, employed men were at reduced odds of HIV infection than the unemployed. Living in neighbourhoods with higher average level of education was associated with higher odds of HIV infection. In 2013–14, 13% and 11% of the variation in HIV infection among young men and women was attributed to neighbourhoods, while 20% and 11% variation was attributed to neighbourhoods in 2018. Inclusion of individual and neighbourhood variables in the full regression model accounted for 65.7% and 59.5% of explained variance in 2013–14 and 64.6% and 44.3% in 2018, for women and men, respectively. This reduced unexplained variance by an average of 56% in 2013–14 and 29% in 2018.

Conclusion
We found that HIV infection among young people in Zambia is more strongly associated with individual-level socioeconomic factors compared to neighbourhood factors. Individual-level education remains an important socioeconomic factor associated with reduced odds of HIV infection. This suggests that the HIV response in Zambia should still focus on individual level prevention strategies.
Improving viral load testing using a quality improvement approach in Blantyre, Malawi
Authors: Kamwendo Angella J. , Hosseinipour Mina C. , Kagura Juliana 
Published: June 2022

Background
Viral load (VL) testing coverage remains low particularly in resource limited countries despite recommendation by World Health Organization, and Malawi is no exception. A quality improvement (QI) approach was used to improve VL testing coverage from 27% to a target of 80% at an urban health facility in Malawi.

Methods
A QI study employing a time-series quasi-experimental design with no comparison group was conducted at Chilomoni health centre in Blantyre from April 2020 to July 2020. A retrospective record review of all patient records (257) from 8 weeks before the study was conducted to determine baseline VL testing coverage. Root cause analysis of low VL testing coverage was done using fish-bone tool and factors prioritized using a Pareto-chart. Priority factors included inadequate capacity to update electronic medical records and competing tasks. Change ideas were identified and prioritized using an effort-impact matrix. Two change ideas; re-orienting ART providers on VL test order in EMR and dedicated ART provider to serve VL tested patients were implemented and tested in 5 Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) cycles from the Model for Improvement (MFI), each lasting one week. The latter was tested, and adapted in 3 cycles, and eventually adopted for monitoring for another 5 weeks. VL testing coverage was tracked throughout the study using run charts and p-charts.

Results
VL testing coverage increased from 27% to 71% by the end of the study, with children aged 0 to 14 years having the lowest coverage throughout the study.

Conclusion
The MFI as a QI approach improved VL testing coverage through implementation of contextualized change ideas. A reliable data system, leadership buy-in and commitment are important for sustained improvement. Future research should focus on evaluating sustainability of improved VL testing coverage at the health facility and assessing barriers to VL testing among the paediatric population.
Podcasting as project-based learning and its effect on the acquisition of linguistic and non-linguistic skills
Authors: Amorati Riccardo , Ferrari Elisabetta , Hajek John 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis study explores the effectiveness of podcasting as an approach to project-based and experiential learning implemented in an intermediate Italian studies unit at an Australian university. In the project, students are asked to write and record a podcast script on a topic related to their experience as university students or to events concerning Italian culture or the Italian community in Australia. The podcasts are then used in class as learning material and some are also made available to an Australian Italian language radio service. The findings of our mixed-method study on students’ evaluation of the project show that the activity is effective in helping students develop, reflect on and gain more confidence in their L2 skills (particularly pronunciation), and it also fosters the acquisition of non-linguistic skills, such as time management, problem solving, interpersonal abilities and autonomy. The results offer some important insights for future implementations of the project and further confirm the benefits of project-based experiential learning, and of podcasting specifically, as a learning tool in language teaching.
Development of second language productive skills through CLIL in a Japanese university: a pre-experimental longitudinal study
Authors: Sato Takanori , Hemmi Chantal 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The benefit of Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) for second language (L2) development has been addressed by second language acquisition theory and investigated by empirical studies. However, previous studies have not demonstrated the effectiveness of CLIL precisely as most of their study participants took CLIL and non-CLIL courses concurrently. Additionally, existing studies have focused on the effectiveness of CLIL in primary and secondary education and rarely addressed it in higher education. The present study considered the limitations of the previous studies and investigated the development of L2 English productive skills (i.e., speaking and writing) through CLIL conducted in a university in Japan. This study employed a pre-experimental pretest-posttest design, in which all participants received CLIL instruction for four months undertaking the pretest and posttest. The results showed that their productive skills improved significantly. The analysis of pretest and posttest scores also revealed the specific areas of productive skills that benefitted from CLIL, such as Task Achievement (speaking and writing), Coherence and Cohesion (writing), and Grammatical Range and Accuracy (writing). However, this study revealed that the degree of improvement was small, and that vocabulary and critical thinking skills did not improve significantly. This study’s findings provide empirical evidence for the effectiveness of CLIL itself on L2 development in higher education.
“My resistance disappeared”: Japanese university learners’ feedback to a student-centered English discussion course
Authors: Schaefer Matthew Y. , Reid Samuel , Bordilovskaya Anna 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Students leaving the Japanese secondary education system have typically spent hundreds of hours studying English grammatical structures and memorizing vocabulary lists but relatively little time putting that knowledge to communicative use. This lack of language practice can result in feelings of anxiety when faced with compulsory university courses that focus on speaking skills, such as participating in discussions and debates. This study examines first year Japanese student responses to an end-of-semester survey for a course employing a student-centered approach to developing academic Discussion Skills. The authors analyze students’ comments from an open-ended item on the questionnaire asking for feedback regarding any aspect of the course. The results show that many students reported a journey from initial resistance towards speaking English to feelings of confidence and enjoyment. The features of the course that students identified as lowering this resistance included: the enjoyment that came about through pair and group work with classmates; the cognitive discourse functions that provided scaffolding for taking part in discussion; and the consistent and coherent lesson structure that lowered the cognitive load to allow for more focus on communicating and co-constructing ideas. While this study focuses on the Japanese context, it contributes to knowledge across any language center seeking to help students transition to courses with a greater emphasis on spoken communication.
An Efficient Numerical Method for Time Domain Electromagnetic Wave Propagation in Co-axial Cables
Authors: Beni Hamad Akram , Beck Geoffrey , Imperiale Sébastien , Joly Patrick 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
In this work, we construct an efficient numerical method to solve 3D Maxwell’s equations in coaxial cables.
Our strategy is based upon a hybrid explicit-implicit time discretization combined with edge elements on prisms and numerical quadrature.
One of the objectives is to validate numerically generalized telegrapher’s models that are used to simplify the 3D Maxwell equations into a 1D problem.
This is the object of the second part of the article.
Partially Discontinuous Nodal Finite Elements for 𝐻(curl) and 𝐻(div)
Authors: Hu Jun , Hu Kaibo , Zhang Qian 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
We investigate the discretization of

H
⁢

(
curl
)

H(\mathrm{curl})

and

H
⁢

(
div
)

H(\mathrm{div})

in two and three space dimensions by partially discontinuous nodal finite elements, i.e., vector-valued Lagrange finite elements with discontinuity in certain directions.
These spaces can be implemented as a combination of continuous and discontinuous Lagrange elements and fit in de Rham complexes.
We construct well-conditioned nodal bases.
Fighting against nature: Romans and Barbarians on the Icy Danube
Authors: Gandila Andrei 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Scholars have long debated the nature of the Roman frontier. From linear defense systems designed to hold back barbarian tides to arteries of communication and exchange, rivers have been at the forefront of this discussion. This paper focuses on the Lower Danube frontier and argues that Rome’s most enduring enemy in the Balkans was not a barbarian tribe, but the river itself. The Danube frequently froze in wintertime facilitating the passage of massive raiding parties. Indeed, the most devastating attacks recorded by ancient observers took place during the dead of winter, when the ice on the Danube was hard enough to allow the crossing of large number of horsemen. These attacks set in motion events and long-term processes that forever changed the cultural fabric of the region. Unable to contain the threat, early Roman emperors led campaigns north of the Danube and ultimately conquered Dacia, which allowed them to control both sides of the river. In Late Antiquity, Constantine and Justinian dramatically altered the cultural landscape with their massive programs of fortification designed to finally secure the Balkan provinces. Centuries after the fall of Rome, Byzantine emperors still relied on a combination of brute force, consolidation and diplomacy in order to prevent winter attacks. In the end, all attempts at devising a permanent solution failed and the frozen Danube remained a barbarian ally slowly eroding the empire’s control in the Balkans.
Spontaneous neonatal subcutaneous emphysema: analysis of neonatal management
Authors: Quader Abraham M. , Sussman Craig 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Neonatal subcutaneous emphysema is a very rare complication of endotracheal intubation or surgery; however, only a few cases of spontaneous subcutaneous emphysema were reported in a neonate. The patient presented in respiratory distress with a low SaO2; however, no clinical signs of subcutaneous emphysema were seen. An initial chest radiograph was negative for subcutaneous emphysema. Nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) was started to manage the respiratory distress, and subcutaneous emphysema spontaneously developed. Discontinuation of nasal CPAP with close monitoring eventually resolved the subcutaneous emphysema. Recognition of rare complications due to nasal CPAP may provide physicians with more insight to intervene and provide patients with proper care.
Wongatha Heritage Returned: The Digital Future and Community Ownership of Schoolwork from the Mount Margaret Mission School, 1930s–1940s
Authors: Marsden Beth , Ellinghaus Katherine , O’Neill Cate , Huebner Sharon , Ormond-Parker Lyndon 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The construction of national identity through historical narrative is inextricably linked to archival keeping, access and privilege. In settler-colonial contexts, archives and the way they are used are always political. Drawing on decolonising methodologies and critical archival theory, this paper examines challenges faced by an interdisciplinary project team who received University of Melbourne Engagement funding to initiate a process of repatriation. This project has been grounded in the process of consultation and engagement with the Indigenous communities from which these records originated, and the process of reconnecting former students of Mount Margaret, and their families. In confronting the inherent cultural biases of archives, this paper considers particular problems for institutions in developing methods of repatriation alongside record collection and keeping.
A Literature Review on Digitization in Libraries and Digital Libraries
Authors: Patra Sasmita , Sahoo Jyotshna 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe purpose of this work was due to critical literature reviews often being used as a crucial tool for the research outputs of different ideologies to access and develop the knowledge base. The main aim of this paper is to review current literature on digitization in libraries considering different facets like process of selection, acquisition, conversion, creation of metadata, storage, preparing for long term access and issues and challenges for managing these through a review of literature. The current study follows a literature review process where there is analysis of 56 full papers on different aspects of digitization and digital libraries after a filtration from 110 research papers from 2010 to 2019. A number of major issues and challenges like high budget, diversity in records, efficiency and hard labor, document security, quality control, information retrieval, and manipulation of metadata associated with digitization and digital library management with correspondence solutions to them were identified. The study provides valuable information to researchers and librarians working in the field of digitization by illustrating the process, challenge, and implication in libraries as were outlined by various scholars from different corners of the world.
Dancing with the Devil (Spirit): How Audiovisual Collections Reveal and Enact Social and Political Agency in Dance and Song (A Case from the Kimberley)
Authors: Treloyn Sally , Charles Rona Goonginda , O’Connor Pete Myadooma 
Published: June 2022

AbstractLegacy data pertaining to song and dance has complex and immeasurable value to Indigenous communities across several domains. Over the past decade, projects of repatriation and return have thus flourished both within Australia and globally, as has scholarship addressing the processes, methods and results of such initiatives (Barwick, L. J. Green, and P. Vaarzon-Morel, eds. 2020.Archival Returns. Sydney and Honolulu: Sydney University Press and University of Hawai’i Press; Gunderson, F., R. C. Lancefield, and B. Woods. 2019.The Oxford Handbook of Musical Repatriation. New York: Oxford University Press). Uses of legacy recordings by Ngarinyin, Worrorra and Wunambal practitioners of the dance-song genre known as Junba from the Kimberley region of north-west Australia for the purposes of revitalising the tradition with repertoire and increasing participation have been previously discussed (e.g., Treloyn, S., M. D. Martin, and R. G. Charles. 2019. “Moving Songs: Repatriating Audiovisual Recordings of Aboriginal Australian Dance and Song (Kimberley Region, Northwestern Australia).” InThe Oxford Handbook of Musical Repatriation, edited by F. Gunderson, R. C. Lancefield, and B. Woods, 591–606. New York: Oxford University Press). This paper, co-authored by two cultural custodians of practices and repertories of the dance-song genre known as Junba and an outsider ethnomusicologist, considers social and political agency through performance in relation to legacy recordings. The paper finds that legacy recordings of song and dance practice can throw light on political and social agendas of past performances, while creative reuse of frameworks and materials derived from legacy recordings of song and dance can support contemporary practitioners to express their own social and political agency today. The paper also suggests that attention to the social and political agency of cultural custodians is an important part of the work of archives, particularly where barriers to accessing legacy recordings remain.
Cyclohexane oxidation using advanced oxidation processes with metals and metal oxides as catalysts: a review
Authors: Mkhondwane Siphumelele Thandokwazi , Pullabhotla Viswanadha Srirama Rajasekhar 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Selective oxidation of cyclohexane has gained substantial interest in the field of research due to the prominence of its products in industrial processes. Particularly, advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) constitute a positive technology for the oxidation of cyclohexane owing to their high oxidation potentials and environmental benign properties. This review entails to address the progress made in advanced oxidation of cyclohexane over nanostructured metals and metal oxides catalysts. The main focus is directed toward the photocatalysis, Fenton oxidation and ozonation as advanced oxidation processes. Mainly, the fundamental principles, prime factors of the AOPs in conjunction with metal and metal oxide catalysts and the mechanistic insight toward the oxidation of cyclohexane are highlighted. The affirmative effects of the metals and metal oxide catalysts mainly focusing on particle size, structure and elemental composition is stressed. Lastly, the advantages and disadvantages of the AOPs and the strategic approaches to counter the disadvantages are also clearly elucidated.
Peregrynacja Maćkowa (Matzes Reise) (1612) und Finkenritter (um 1560). Traditionen der Erzählform und das Spiel mit den Konventionen: Einiges zu Julian Krzyżanowskis Überlegungen
Authors: Wojtowicz Witold 
Published: June 2022

Summary
In the article, relating to my earlier works, I discuss Julian Krzyżanowski’s reflections on the relationship between the joking text of Peregrynacja Maćkowa (1612) and Finkenritter (ca. 1560). Although there is no direct relationship between both texts, I show that they share a common traditional narrative form, and that they both belong to the humorous and joking literature.In this context, one can assume an indirect relationship between the texts, probably based on the oral or written knowledge of a number of motives, both in the case of the author of Finkenritter and the writer of Peregrynacja Maćkowa.The motives in question are highly characteristic of the Cocagne (Schlaraffenland) themes. These Cocagne themes constantly acquire a local and therefore different characteristic or quality.
Grammaticalization of Slavic Prefixes and Language Contact
Authors: Biskup Petr 
Published: June 2022

Summary
This article is concerned with grammaticalization of prepositional elements in Slavic. It is argued that external prefixes are internal prefixes that underwent some grammaticalization process. After discussing the grammaticalization of the Slavic prefix po- it is shown that the Czech future po- differs from Russian and Polish non-future prefixes. Furthermore, it is proposed that the presence of future po- in grammatical systems of Czech, Slovak, Slovenian and Sorbian is a result of diachronic grammaticalization processes induced primarily by the German-Slavic language contact in the Holy Roman Empire.