bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transformative learning of medical trainees during the COVID-19 pandemic: A mixed methods study
Authors: Vipler Benjamin , Snyder Bethany , McCall-Hosenfeld Jennifer , Haidet Paul , Peyrot Mark , Stuckey Heather 
Published: September 2022

Background
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had a transformative effect on individuals across the world, including those in healthcare. Transformative learning is an educational theory in which an individual’s worldview is fundamentally altered through conscious reflection (Cognitive Rational), insights (Extrarational), or social reform (Social Critique). We utilized transformative learning theory to characterize the experiences of medical trainees during the pandemic.

Methods
We used the Transformative Learning Survey in September and October 2020 to evaluate the processes and outcomes of transformative learning in health professions students and housestaff at an academic medical center during the pandemic. We analyzed survey scores for three process domains and four outcome subdomains. We inductively coded the survey’s two open-ended questions and performed qualitative and mixed-methods analyses.

Results
The most prominent TL outcome was Self-Awareness, Acting Differently was intermediate, and Openness and Worldview Shifts were lowest. Cognitive Rational and Social Critique processes were more prominent than Extrarational processes. Students were more likely than housestaff to undergo transformative learning through the Social Critique process (p = 0.025), in particular the sub-processes of Social Action (p = 0.023) and Ideology Critique (p = 0.010). Qualitative analysis via the aggregation of codes identified four responses to the pandemic: negative change, positive change, existential change, or no change. Negative changes (67.7%) were most common, with students reporting more of these changes than housestaff (74.8% vs 53.6%; p < 0.01). Only 8.4% of reported changes could be defined as transformative

Conclusions
Through the theoretical lens of transformative learning, our study provides insight into the lives of learners during the pandemic. Our finding that medical students were more likely to use Social Critique processes has multiple parallels in the literature. If leaders in academic medicine desire to create enlightened change agents through transformative learning, such education must continue throughout graduate medical education and beyond.
Effect of lateral wedge-shaped orthopedic insole on patients with genu varus: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Deng Zhongyi , Yang Xinwei , Li Xiaochuan , Xue Xiali , Luo Huiqiang , Wu Gaitian , Zeng Luyuan , Qi Yun , Li Ning 
Published: September 2022

Background
Genu varus (GV) is a common deformity characterized by leg bending, which seriously threatens human health. At present, there is no definite conclusion to explain the cause of genu varus. The purpose of this study is to systematically review and meta-analysis the effectiveness and scientific basis of the clinical efficacy of customized orthopedic insoles on genu varus and hope to provide a reference for future research in this field.

Methods
The following electronic databases will be searched from inception to January 2022: Pubmed, Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, Weipu, Wanfang Data, and CNKI. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were collected to examine the effect of lateral wedge-shaped orthopedic insole on patients with genu varus. We will consider inclusion, select high-quality articles for data extraction and analysis, and summarize the intervention effect of lateral wedge orthotic insoles on patients with genu varus. Two reviewers will screen titles, abstracts, and full texts independently according to inclusion criteria; Data extraction and risk of bias assessment were performed in the included studies. We will use a hierarchy of recommended assessment, development, and assessment methods to assess the overall certainty of the evidence and report findings accordingly. Endnote X8 will be applied in selecting the study, Review Manager 5.3 will be applied in analyzing and synthesizing.

Results
The results will provide evidence for judging the effect of lateral wedge-shaped orthopedic insole on patients with genu varus.

Conclusion
Our study will provide reliable evidence for the effect of lateral wedge-shaped orthopedic insole on patients with genu varus.

Trail registration
INPLASY registration number: INPLASY202190002 https://www.google.com/search?client=firefox-b-d&q=INPLASY202190002.
Argumentos ad hominem y epistemología de las virtudes: Cómo atacar a la persona sin cometer una falla lógica o moral en el intento
Authors: Rivera-Novoa Angel 
Published: September 2022

El objetivo de este artículo es ofrecer una explicación de la legitimidad de ciertos argumentos ad hominem acudiendo a la epistemología de las virtudes. La tesis central es que hay argumentos ad hominem que son aceptables si se conciben como argumentos inductivos cuya fuerza está determinada por una apelación justa a los vicios epistémicos del interlocutor. Se argumenta que algunos argumentos ad hominem abusivos son aceptables si descansan en un señalamiento justo de la carencia de virtudes epistémicas confiabilistas por parte del interlocutor. Así mismo, algunos argumentos ad hominem circunstanciales serían aceptables si descansan en un señalamiento justo de la carencia de virtudes responabilistas por parte del interlocutor. El artículo también expone cómo otros intentos de reivindicación de los argumentos ad hominem adolecen de algunos problemas.
CIRCULATING BILE ACIDS AND ADENOMA RECURRENCE IN THE CONTEXT OF ADHERENCE TO A HIGH-FIBER, HIGH-FRUIT AND -VEGETABLE, AND LOW-FAT DIETARY INTERVENTION
Authors: Byrd Doratha A. , Gomez Maria , Hogue Stephanie , Murphy Gwen , Sampson Joshua N. , Vogtmann Emily , Albert Paul , Freedman Neal D. , Sinha Rashmi , Loftfield Erikka 
Published: September 2022

BACKGROUND:
Diet may affect bile acid (BA) metabolism and signaling. In turn, BA concentrations may be associated with cancer risk. We investigated 1) associations of BA concentrations with adenoma recurrence; and 2) the effect of a high-fiber, high-fruit and -vegetable, low-fat dietary intervention on serum BA concentrations.

METHODS:
The Polyp Prevention Trial is a 4-year randomized, controlled trial that investigated the effect of a high-fiber, high-fruit and vegetable, and low-fat diet on colorectal adenoma recurrence. Among 170 participants who reported adhering to the intervention and 198 comparable control arm participants, we measured 15 BAs in baseline, year-2, and year-3 serum using targeted, quantitative liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. We estimated associations of BAs with adenoma recurrence using multivariable logistic regression and the effect of the dietary intervention on BA concentrations using repeated-measures linear mixed-effects models. In a subset (N=65), we investigated associations of BAs with 16S rRNA gene sequenced rectal tissue microbiome characteristics.

RESULTS:
Baseline total BA concentrations were positively associated with adenoma recurrence (Odds ratioQ3 vs. Q1=2.17; 95% confidence interval=1.19-4.04; P

trend
=0.03). Though we found no effect of the diet intervention on BA concentrations, pre-trial dietary fiber intake was inversely associated with total baseline BAs (Spearman=-0.15; P

FDR
=0.02). BA concentrations were associated with potential colorectal neoplasm-related microbiome features (lower alpha diversity and higher Bacteroides abundance). CONCLUSIONS: Baseline circulating BAs were positively associated with adenoma recurrence. Though the dietary intervention did not modify BA concentrations, long-term fiber intake may be associated with lower concentrations of BAs that are associated with higher risk of adenoma recurrence.
Multiple organ failure and death caused by Staphylococcus aureus hip infection: A case report
Authors: Cai Dechao , Ma Xiao , Zhou Yukuan , Zhu Yakun , Yu Haoran , Cheng Wendan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Suppurative arthritis has an acute onset and mostly affects old people and children. Recently, the incidence of adult suppurative hip arthritis, as well as its serious consequences, has increased. The deep hip joint and surrounding hypertrophic muscle tissue limit physical examination. Furthermore, they may cause variable and atypical symptoms of suppurative hip arthritis, possibly inducing delayed diagnosis and treatment. This atypical presentation is uncommon, causing delayed diagnosis and treatment, thus worsening the outcomes. We herein report the case of a 58-year-old man with Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) septicemia and multiple organ failure due to left pyogenic arthritis of the hip. The patient’s early symptoms were extremely atypical given that he only presented hip pain. Moreover, there was no obvious history of trauma or inflammatory manifestations, such as fever or local swelling, and laboratory examination results and imaging findings were atypical. However, the disease progressed rapidly, developing into systemic sepsis within a short period of time followed by multiple organ failure and death. Early diagnosis and effective treatment of S. aureus hip arthritis are essential to avoid poor outcomes.
Electron beam processing of rubbers and their composites
Authors: Shanmugharaj A. M. , Vijayabaskar V. , Bhowmick Anil K. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Electron beam (EB) processing of pristine and filled polymeric materials is considered as one of the most viable techniques in the development of three-dimensional (3D) network structures of polymeric or composite systems with improved physical and chemical properties. The grafting, or the crosslinking process induced by the merging of the macro free radicals generated during the electron beam modification without the aid of any chemical agent or heat, is responsible for the formation of the 3D networks in polymeric systems. Owing to its distinct advantages such as fast, clean and precise, electron beam (EB) radiation technology takes up a vital role in the crosslinking of polymeric compounds. However, during the course of electron beam treatment of polymers, two processes viz., crosslinking and chain scission take place simultaneously, depending on the level of radiation dose used for the processing. The present paper reviews the role of irradiation dose in the presence and absence of radiation sensitizer on the crosslinking and structure formation in a wide variety of soft matrices such as elastomers, latexes, thermoplastic elastomers and their respective filled systems. Notable improvements in mechanical and dynamic mechanical properties, thermal stability, processing characteristics, etc., of the EB processed elastomers and their composites are discussed elaborately in the paper. Specially, the property improvements observed in the EB processed pristine and filled rubbers in comparison to the conventional crosslinking technology are critically reviewed. The level of radiation dose inducing crosslinking in both pristine and filled rubbers, determined by calculating crosslink to scission ratio on the basis of Charlesby–Pinner equation is also discussed in the paper. Finally, the application aspects of electron beam curing technology with special emphasis to cable and sealing industries as developed by one of the authors are highlighted in the paper.
Newborn screening for propionic, methylmalonic acidemia and vitamin B12 deficiency. Analysis of 588,793 newborns
Authors: Martín-Rivada Álvaro , Cambra Conejero Ana , Martín-Hernández Elena , Moráis López Ana , Bélanger-Quintana Amaya , Cañedo Villarroya Elvira , Quijada-Fraile Pilar , Bellusci Marcelo , Chumillas Calzada Silvia , Bergua Martínez Ana , Stanescu Sinziana , Martínez-Pardo Casanova Mercedes , Ruíz-Sala Pedro , Ugarte Magdalena , Pérez González Belén , Pedrón-Giner Consuelo 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Objectives
We present the results of our experience in the diagnosis and follow up of the positive cases for propionic, methylmalonic acidemias and cobalamin deficiencies (PA/MMA/MMAHC) since the Expanded Newborn Screening was implemented in Madrid Region.

Methods
Dried blood samples were collected 48 h after birth. Amino acids and acylcarnitines were quantitated by MS/MS. Newborns with alterations were referred to the clinical centers for follow-up. Biochemical and molecular genetic studies for confirmation of a disease were performed.

Results
In the period 2011–2020, 588,793 children were screened, being 953 of them were referred to clinical units for abnormal result (192 for elevated C3 levels). Among them, 88 were false positive cases, 85 maternal vitamin B12 deficiencies and 19 were confirmed to suffer an IEM (8 PA, 4 MMA, 7 MMAHC). Ten out 19 cases displayed symptoms before the NBS results (6 PA, 1 MMA, 3 MMAHC). C3, C16:1OH+C17 levels and C3/C2 and C3/Met ratios were higher in newborns with PA/MMA/MMAHC. Cases diagnosed with B12 deficiency had mean B12 levels of 187.6 ± 76.9 pg/mL and their mothers 213.7 ± 95.0; 5% of the mothers were vegetarian or had poor eating while 15% were diagnosed of pernicious anemia. Newborns and their mothers received treatment with B12 with different posology, normalizing their levels and the secondary alterations disappeared.

Conclusions
Elevated C3 are a frequent cause for abnormal result in newborn screening with a high rate of false positive cases. Presymptomatic diagnosis of most of PA and some MMA/MMAHC is difficult. Vitamin B12 deficiency secondary to maternal deprivation is frequent with an heterogenous clinical and biochemical spectrum.
Enculturating Coastal Environments in the Middle Mesolithic (8300–6300 cal BCE) – Site Variability, Human–Environment Relations, and Mobility Patterns in Northern Vestfold, SE-Norway
Authors: Berg-Hansen Inger Marie , Hårstad Silje , Granados Tina J. , Reitan Gaute , Romundset Anders , Johannessen Linnea S. , Solheim Steinar 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The coastal settlement in Middle Mesolithic (MM) Southeast Norway is generally described as a dynamic system of small, short-lived sites and large sites that were visited repeatedly over a long time. It has been suggested that in this period – compared to the preceding Early Mesolithic (EM) – an increased attraction towards the large archipelagos along the Norwegian coast, and their broad spectrum of both marine and terrestrial food sources, took place. This has, however, been debated. An important background for the discussion is the documented population influx and the abrupt shift in tool technology around 8300 cal BCE. The question remains whether this great social and technological upheaval was followed by a transformation or break in the environmental knowledge and changes in the ways of living, such as new human–environment relations, settlement systems, and mobility patterns. We propose that the continuous process of enculturation of the land and environment would have played a decisive role in the societal development. In this article, we therefore investigate details of site construction and mobility patterns, as well as the marking of the land by the establishment of settlement sites and exploitation of lithic raw materials on a larger scale. We concentrate our investigation on the on-site activity, site location, lithic raw material economy, and technological organisation, which brings renewed opportunities for discussing enculturation processes in the period. Our results document a diverse settlement pattern, as well as diachronic variation, suggesting an internal duality within the sociocultural development process in the area. The article presents the new results from the InterCity Vestfold project, situated by the Oslofjord west coast. Our data comprise a total of eight excavated and 69 surveyed sites from 4 municipalities. A strong isostatic land uplift caused continuous and rapid changes in the shoreline configuration and its nearby environments, in the Oslofjord area throughout the Mesolithic. To enable the discussion of human–environment relations, we therefore present a new relative sea level (RSL) curve, supplying detailed data on the shoreline development in the project area.
Evolution of tobacco control in India: a narrative review of the legislative and regulatory approach
Authors: Bhatia Muskan , Sharma Nikita , Saifi Suzauddin , Parashar Swati , Nisha Nisha , Srivastava Roomani , Jain Meena 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Tobacco is the only consumer product that kills half its users yearly. The challenges posed by tobacco control are limitless especially in a country like India where in addition to smoked forms, other smokeless forms of tobacco are also highly prevalent. Apart from being a health hazard tobacco is also a great environmental hazard. Policies for controlling tobacco use also include policy to prevent people from second hand smoke, which is aimed at improvement of air quality. According to the National Non-Communicable Disease Monitoring Survey, 2017–18, daily tobacco use was 32.8% in adults (18–69 years) and 3.1% in adolescents (15–17 years). Overall reduction in tobacco users by 8.1 Million was seen from GATS-1 to GATS-2, and prevalence amongst youth decreased from 18.4 to 12.4%. GYTS-4 (2019) revealed that 8.5% of students, 9.6% of boys and 7.4% of girls-currently used any tobacco products. This makes tobacco control a priority in India. Tobacco control consists of different approaches such as educational, healthcare, legislative, regulatory and fiscal. In the present article we traverse nearly five decades and decode the evolution of legislative, regulatory and fiscal approaches to Tobacco Control in India. A critical evaluation of all these approaches is described in the format of the MPOWER strategy for Tobacco Control which stands for Monitoring Tobacco use, Preventing people from Second Hand Smoke, Offering help to quit, Waring regarding ill effects of tobacco, Enforcing bans and Raising taxes on tobacco products.
PROSES PENGOLAHAN UDANG VANNAME (Litopenaeus Vannamei) HEAD LESS EASY PEEL BEKU DI PT INDOKOM SAMUDERA PERSADA, TANJUNG BINTANG, LAMPUNG SELATAN
Authors: Safitri Safitri , Salampessy Randi Bokhy Syuliana , Maulid Deden Yusman 
Published: September 2022

Udang merupakan salah satu komoditas utama ekspor Indonesia karena kandungan gizi yang tinggi serta permintaan pasar yang meningkat setiap tahunnya, salah satu jenis udang yang menjadi komiditi ekspor Indonesia adalah jenis vannamei (Litopenaeus vannamei). Untuk menghasilkan produk ekspor yang baik maka harus diperhatikan faktor – faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi mutu produk tersebut. Penenlitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui alur proses pengolahan udang vannamei head less easy peel, penerapan rantai dingin, mutu bahan baku dan produk, rendemen, produktivitas tenanga kerja, penerapan persyaratan kelayakan dasar (GMP, SSOP dan GMP) dan penanganan limbah. Penelitian menggunakan metode observasi lansung ke unit pengolahan PT Indokom Samudera Persada. Metode analisa data yang digunakan yakni deskriptif dan komparatif. Kata kunci: mutu, pengolahan, produktivitas, persyaratan kelayakan dasar, rendemen, suhu Shrimp is one of Indonesia's main export commodities because of its high nutritional content and increasing market demand every year. One of the types of shrimp that is Indonesia's export commodity is the vannamei (Litopenaeus vannamei). To produce a good export product, it is necessary to pay attention to the factors that can affect the quality of the product. This study aims to determine the flow of the vannamei shrimp processing head less easy peel, application of the cold chain, quality of raw materials and products, the yield, the labor productivity, the application of pre-requisite (GMP, SSOP and GMP) and the handling of waste. This research uses direct observation method to the processing unit of PT Indokom Samudera Persada. The data analysis method used is descriptive and comparative. Keywords: quality, processing, productivity, pre – requisite, yield, temperature
IDENTIFIKASI KANDUNGAN FORMALIN PADA PRODUK IKAN TERI NASI ASIN (Stolephorus sp) DAN KARAKTERISTIK PEDAGANG DI PASAR TRADISIONAL KOTA MEDAN
Authors: Permadi Aef , Hidayah Nur , Afifah Nur , Purnamasari Heny Budi , Dharmayanti Niken , R Siregar Resmi , H Sipahutar Yuliati 
Published: September 2022

Kota Medan merupakan salah satu kota terbesar di Provinsi Sumatera Utara, dimana Kota Medan merupakan kota yang memproduksi ikan teri nasi (Stolephorus sp) yang tinggi. Ikan teri nasi (Stolephorus sp) kering mudah didapatkan di seluruh Kota Medan, oleh karena itu menjadi salah satu ikan yang cukup banyak dikomsumsi sebagai lauk-pauk. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengamati proses pengolahan ikan teri nasi asin dari penerimaan bahan baku hingga pemasaran, melakukan pengujian secara kualitatif dan kuantitatif pada produk ikan teri nasi asin yang dijual di pasar tradisional Kota Medan khususnya di daerah Belawan, Marelan, Martubung, Brayan, Helvetia, Kurnia, Gabion. Dan mengetahui karakteristik serta pengetahuan tentang formalin dipasar tradisional Kota Medan dan nelayan. Metode penelitian dengan melakukan pengamatan langsung dan pengujian formalin di Laboratorium dan metode survey. Pengujian formalin dari 32 sampel terdapat 19 sampel positif (59%) dan 13 sampel negative (41%) dan kadar formalin tertinggi terdapat di pasar Marelan Sore yaitu 1,6 mg/kg.. Karakteristik pedagang pada pasar tradisional Kota Medan meliputi umur, jenis kelamin, pendidikan dan lama berjualan. Umur pedagang berkisar 15-45 tahun dan pedagang yang paling banyak yaitu pada umur 31-35 tahun sebanyak (31%). Pendidikan pedagang dipasar tradisional kota Medan dimulai dari tidak bersekolah hingga tamatan SMA dan pedagang yang paling banyak adalah SD dan SMP (31%). Karakteristik pedagang berdasarkan jenis kelamin di pasar tradisional Kota Medan lebih banyak pedagang perempuan (63%) dibanding dengan pedagang laki-laki (37%). Dan pengetahuan dari responden mengenai formalin adalah 60% menjawab tidak tahu dan 40% menjawab tahu. Kata Kunci : ikan teri nasi asin, formalin, pedagang, pasar tradisional medan
Depo antipsikotik kullanan hastalarda prolaktin düzeyi, cinsel fonksiyon, vücut kitle indeksi ve karaciğer fonksiyon testlerinin karşılaştırılması
Authors: TAŞCI Gülay , ÖZSOY Filiz 
Published: September 2022

Amaç: Bu çalışmada uzun etkili antipsikotik ilaç formları (uzun etkili paliperidon palmitat, risperidon depo ve zuklopentiksol depo) kullanan hastalarda cinsel işlev bozuklukları, vücut kitle indeksi, karaciğer fonksiyon testleri ve prolaktin düzeylerinin karşılaştırılması amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışmaya şizofreni tanılı ve uzun etkili antipsikotik tedavisi alan hastalar dahil edildi. Tüm katılımcılara demografik veri formu, Pozitif ve Negatif Sendrom Ölçeği (PANSS), Calgary Şizofrenide Depresyon Ölçeği (CŞDÖ) ve Arizona Cinsel Yaşantılar Ölçeği (ACYÖ) uygulandı. Ardından üre, kreatinin, karaciğer fonksiyon testleri, kolesterol ve prolaktin düzeylerini değerlendirmek için venöz kan örnekleri alındı.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya 95 hasta dahil edildi. Dahil edilenlerin 79’u erkek (%83.2) ve 16’sı kadındı (%16.8). Tüm hastaların yaş ortalaması 36.77±10.24 yıl idi. Vücut kitle indeksleri ortalaması ise 27.06±4.95 kg/m2 idi. Gruplar arasında ACYÖ ve CŞDÖ skorları açısından farklılık saptanmadı. Prolaktin değeri paliperidon depo kullanan hastalarda zuklopentiksol depo kullanan hastalardan yüksek olarak hesap edilmiştir.
Sonuç: Sonuçlarımıza göre cinsel işlevleri etkileyen prolaktin değerleri, hastalar semptom belirtmese de uzun etkili antipsikotik kullanan hastalarda göz önünde bulundurulmalıdır. Uzun etkili antipsikotik kullanımının hem prolaktin değerleri hem de diğer laboratuvar parametrelerine olan etkileri konusunda ileri araştırmalar yapılmalıdır.