bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Influence of Human-Milk Substitutes Marketing on Breastfeeding Intention and Practice among Native and Immigrant Brazilians
Authors: Lisi Cosima , Barros Henrique , Faisal-Cury Alexandre , Matijasevich Alicia , de Freitas Cláudia 
Published: July 2022

Background The International Code of Marketing of Breast-Milk Substitutes is a global public health policy aiming to protect breastfeeding from the influence of human-milk substitutes marketing. Brazil is one of the few countries substantially implementing it. Most countries adopted selected provisions, including Portugal. Research Aim To explore whether Brazilians’ perspectives about breastfeeding intention and practice are influenced by human-milk substitutes marketing upon migration to Portugal. Methods A qualitative, prospective, cross-sectional survey design was conducted in Brazil and Portugal (2018–2019). Qualitative semi-structured interviews were performed with native ( n = 16) and immigrant ( n = 15) Brazilians. Women aged 18 or above, mothers of 0–12 month infants, and without contraindications to breastfeed, were eligible for the study. Heterogeneity sampling was employed based on socioeconomic status and infants’ age. Content analysis was conducted using NVivo. Results Brazilian immigrants were more aware of the potential negative influence of human-milk substitutes marketing than natives. Sociocultural factors contributed to Brazilian immigrants being less permeable to the influence of human-milk substitutes marketing in the host country, where a less protective breastfeeding environment was perceived. Conclusions Sociocultural factors including breastfeeding promotion strategies and a strong breastfeeding culture in the home country appear to play a protective role on breastfeeding intention and practice among Brazilians migrating to Portugal.
“We All Believe in Breastfeeding”: Australian Midwives’ Experience of Implementing the Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative
Authors: Pramono Andini , Smith Julie , Bourke Siobhan , Desborough Jane 
Published: July 2022

Background: The education and support of new mothers during the in-hospital stay for childbirth is a critical time to establish breastfeeding. The Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative was launched in 1991 to encourage maternity services to support and educate mothers to breastfeed by implementing Ten Steps to Successful Breastfeeding. Research Aim: To explore midwives’ experiences of implementing the Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative in a Baby-Friendly accredited public hospital in Australia. Methods: In this prospective, cross-sectional qualitative study we used focus groups to explore midwives’ experiences. Midwives ( N = 26) participated in two focus groups conducted between October and November 2019. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis. Results: Time as a critical resource, and continuity of care, were crosscutting themes that framed midwives’ experiences in supporting mothers to breastfeed their babies. Time constraints were experienced both through the health system structure and the BFHI accreditation process. Despite the challenges, the overarching theme—that we all believe in breastfeeding—fueled midwives’ motivation. Conclusion: Health services policy and practice need to consider ways to enable continuity of midwifery care and adequate time for midwives to support women to breastfeed their babies.
Computation of viscous flow characteristics of a supersonic intake using eddy-viscosity turbulence models
Authors: Sarathi Pattnaik Subrat Partha , Rajan NKS 
Published: July 2022

Results of numerical investigation of flow and performance characteristics of a rectangular supersonic intake experimentally tested at Mach number of 4.03 are presented. The viscous flowfield has been obtained by solving Favre averaged Navier–Stokes equations with two eddy viscosity turbulence models, namely, Mentor’s baseline (BSL) k-ω and shear stress transport (SST) k-ω models. In addition, the effect of wall temperature conditions as well as several configurations of cowl and isolator are simulated to validate the computational methodology. The analysis has been carried out at a freestream Mach number of 4.03 and 0° angle-of-attack, corresponding to a unit Reynolds number of about 6.9×107 m−1. The predicted boundary-layer and the wall static pressure distribution using SST k-ω model shows better agreement with the experimental data compared to the BSL model and hence indicates superior capability to capture the onset and the amount of flow separation due to SWBLIs. Moreover, the terminal shock structure at different operating modes as well as the “unstart because of SWBLIs” is predicted quite accurately using the model. The wall temperature condition is found to have a strong effect on the amount of flow separation at the cowl and the subsequent interactions. Further, the results show that the sidewalls have a marginal effect on the centerline wall static pressure, though a three-dimensional flowfield with two stream-wise vortices are observed close to it as a result of the swept SWBLIs of the cowl shock with the sidewall boundary-layer leading to a higher loss in performance.
Using the Caprini Risk Score to Increase VTE Awareness in the Community: The Know Your Score Project
Authors: Saadaldin Hassan , Shetye Prasad , Gavankar Sanket , Laddu Atul R. , Tafur Alfonso , Caprini Joseph A. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract presented during the ISTH congress 2021 Shetye, P., Gavankar, S, Saadaldin, H, et al, Using the Caprini Risk Score to Increase VTE Awareness in the Community. The Know Your Score Project. AS-ISTH-2021-02054, 2021
Development and reliability testing of a cervical cancer patients knowledge and practice of self-care management of treatment-related adverse events questionnaire
Authors: Samaila Aliyu , Isah Abdulmuminu , Biambo Aminu A , Usman Nuruddeen , Aliyu Usman M , Abdullahi Adamu , Adibe Maxwell O 
Published: July 2022

Introduction Cervical cancer (CC) treatment-related adverse events (AEs) were found to be among the major reasons for treatments delays and medication non-adherence. Knowledge and practice of self-care management of these AEs are therefore needed to complement the pharmacotherapeutic interventions. Instruments for assessing CC patients’ knowledge and practice of self-care management of treatment-related Adverse Events (AEs) are lacking. Hence, the rational for this study. Methods A prospective, cross-sectional study was conducted on CC patients receiving chemotherapy, radiotherapy or both, with or without surgery in Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital (UDUTH) Sokoto, a tertiary hospital in North-Western Nigeria. A panel of 14 experts judged the content validity of the items initially selected. Purposive sampling technique was used, 31 CC patients were recruited and interviewed for the questionnaire pre-testing. Descriptive statistics and psychometric analysis were conducted using SPSS Version 20.0 for Windows. A Cronbach’s alpha coefficient ≥0.70 was considered acceptable. Results A 12-domain questionnaire instrument was developed. Eight (57.1%) of the expert panelists rated the questions’ items as “Very good for the study” and none of them rated any of the content “not relevant for the study”. The reliability studies showed that the overall knowledge and practice questions response rates were 71.0% and 77.4% and Cronbach's alpha (α) values were 0.956 and 0.913, respectively. Conclusion A reliable, 12-domain cervical cancer patients’ knowledge and practice of self-care management of treatment-related adverse events questionnaire was developed. Further research on the psychometric qualities of the instrument is needed.
The journey of ‘Living with Pain’: A feasibility study of the development and running of a collective narrative group
Authors: Salvo Tania , Davison-Jenkins Abi , Hitchcock Megan , Daniilidi Xeni , Lambert Danielle 
Published: July 2022

Introduction Chronic Pain is increasingly affecting young people, their quality of life and wellbeing including education, social life and mental health. Current Western approaches to psychological support for Chronic Pain often focus on ‘pain management’ and learning skills and strategies from professionals, making use of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT), Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) and psychoeducation approaches in individual and group interventions. As a Paediatric Psychology service, we have trialled groups running over multiple weeks informed by these approaches and experienced low attendance rates. Method This paper describes a feasibility study of an alternative group intervention; the ‘Living with Pain group’, which combines the ‘Journey of Life’ ( Denborough, 2014 ) with collective narrative and liberation psychology approaches. Results Thirty three young people and eight parents / carers attended the intervention. Attendance rates, quantitative and qualitative feedback from one face-to-face group for young people and parents and two online groups for young people showed increased access and acceptability of the group. Conclusion The findings from this study have shown that a 1-day collective narrative group intervention is feasible, suitable and acceptable and has increased access to our group intervention. Future directions include co-creation with young people and families, community engagement to increase accessibility of our groups and developing partnerships to respond to young people’s hopes to raise awareness.
Decreased peak expiratory flow rate associated with mortality in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: A preliminary report
Authors: Fujita Kohei , Ohkubo Hirotsugu , Nakano Akiko , Takeda Norihisa , Fukumitsu Kensuke , Fukuda Satoshi , Kanemitsu Yoshihiro , Uemura Takehiro , Tajiri Tomoko , Maeno Ken , Ito Yutaka , Oguri Tetsuya , Ozawa Yoshiyuki , Murase Takayuki , Niimi Akio 
Published: July 2022

Objectives The peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) is known to decrease in patients with sarcopenia. However, little is known about the clinical impact of the PEFR in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). This study aimed to confirm whether a decrease in PEFR over 6 months was associated with survival in IPF patients. Methods Consecutive IPF patients who had been assessed at a single center were retrospectively analyzed. The relative decline in PEFR over 6 months was assessed. Survival analyses were performed by univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard models. Results A total of 61 eligible cases (average age 70 years) were examined, and 21 patients (34.4%) died. The univariate Cox regression analysis showed that the body mass index, baseline % predicted forced vital capacity (FVC), baseline % predicted PEFR, % predicted diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO), relative decline in FVC, and relative decline in PEFR were prognostic factors. On multivariate analyses, relative decline in PEFR (hazard ratio [HR] 1.037, p < .05) and baseline % predicted FVC (HR 0.932, p < .001) were independent prognostic factors, whereas relative decline in FVC was not. Conclusion A decrease in PEFR after 6 months may predict worse survival in patients with IPF.
Endovascular treatment of type B aortic dissection in patients with end-stage renal disease
Authors: Zhou Zhenyu , Zhou Min , Ding Yong , Li Xu , Wang Yonggang , Xie Tianchen , Shi Zhenyu 
Published: July 2022

Objectives This study aimed to evaluate the postoperative and intermediate outcomes of thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Methods We retrospectively reviewed patients with type B aortic dissection (TBAD) undergoing TEVAR at our single center from January 2010 to December 2020. Patients with pre-existing ESRD were enrolled as the study group. One hundred consecutive patients from September 2013 to March 2015 without ESRD were included as the control group. The primary and secondary outcomes were adverse events and survival, respectively. Kaplan–Meier curves of survival and freedom from adverse events were calculated and analyzed using the log-rank univariate test. Multivariable analysis was used to isolate the effects of ESRD. Results A total of 39 patients with ESRD and TBAD underwent TEVAR during the study period. The median follow-up time of patients with and without ESRD was 45 and 46 months, respectively. There was significant difference between the survival at 4 years of patients with and without ESRD (72.8% vs 94.9%; p = 0.011). Meanwhile, the incidence of adverse events was significantly higher in patients with ESRD ( p = 0.026). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that ESRD (OR, 2.46; p = 0.049) and peripheral artery disease (OR, 4.11; p = 0.002) were the predictors of adverse events. Conclusions The rates of adverse events and survival expectancy were poor in patients with ESRD and TBAD.
Determination of Time in Range Associated With HbA1c ≤7% in a Prospective Cohort of Patients With Type 1 Diabetes Using Continuous Glucose Monitoring for Three Months
Authors: Gómez Ana María , Henao C Diana Cristina , Rebolledo Martín , Jaramillo P Pablo Esteban , Muñoz V Oscar Mauricio , Niño G Laura María , Yepes C Carlos Augusto 
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Finding a goal of time in range (%TIR) that defines good glycemic control is necessary. Previous retrospective studies suggest good concordance between HbA1c ≤7% with a TIR >70%; however, the studies that included the largest number of patients used blood glucose measurement data with a follow-up time of less than 90 days. This study defined the TIR value that best discriminates HbA1c ≤7%. Methods: We performed a prospective study of diagnostic tests based on a cohort of patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) treated with a hybrid closed loop (HCL) followed for three months. The ability of %TIR to distinguish patients with HbA1c ≤7% was evaluated through receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. We determined the %TIR cutoff point with the best operating characteristics. Results: A total of 118 patients were included (58.1% women, 47% overweight or obese, and 33% with high glycemic variability). A moderate negative correlation ( R = −.54, P < .001) was found between %TIR and HbA1c. The discrimination ability was moderate, with an area under the curve of 0.7485 (95% confidence interval = 0.6608-0.8363). The cutoff point that best predicted HbA1c ≤7% was %TIR ≥75.5 (sensitivity 70%, specificity 67%). The findings were similar among those with a coefficient of variation (CV%) ≥36%. Conclusions: Our data suggest that the %TIR adequately identifies patients with HbA1c ≤7%. A target of TIR ≥75%, rather than the currently recommended TIR ≥70%, may be a more suitable value for optimal glycemic control.
Young-Dees bladder neck reconstruction: An effective alternative in the treatment of urinary incontinence following urethroplasty for pelvic fracture urethral injury
Authors: Sistla Bobby Viswaroop , Gopalakrishnan Ganesh 
Published: July 2022

Introduction: We review our experience of Young-Dees bladder neck reconstruction (BNR) in treatment of urinary incontinence following anastomotic urethroplasty for pelvic fracture urethral injury (PFUI). Material and methods: Between January 2009 and June 2015, 11 patients presented with urinary incontinence following urethroplasty for PFUI. After evaluation with voiding cystourethrogram, urodynamics and cystoscopy, seven were found to be having genuine stress urinary incontinence. All seven underwent Young-Dees BNR. We also looked at whether there were any predictors of either poor or good outcome following surgical correction based on radiographic, endoscopic and urodynamic findings. Results: Of the seven patients who had undergone Young-Dees BNR, four had urethroplasty at our centre (4/89, 4.4%). Median age was 23 years (range = 14–31 years), and median time to definitive treatment was 15 months (range = 9–126 months). Age at injury <15 years in two and >15 years in five. Four (56%) had pubic diastases, in three, it was secondary to the injury, and in one, it was consequent to facilitating urethroplasty via a formal transpubic approach. There were no consistent radiographic findings on the pre-operative studies which could predict whether the configuration of the bladder neck or the degree of bladder descent might result in incontinence. The number of prior attempts at urethroplasty when compared to a similar cohort was also non-contributory. At urodynamics, all bladders were stable on filling and there were no issues related to compliance with the bladder neck being occluded. The detrusor pressure generated during voiding and with the bladder neck occluded did help us to counsel patients regarding the outcome of surgery and if there would be a need for clean intermittent self-catheterisation following surgery. All patients are voiding via naturalis without the need for clean intermittent self-catheterisation and are socially continent. Conclusion: Young-Dees BNR may be a forgotten procedure but is worth revisiting in patients with stress urinary incontinence following successful urethroplasty for PFUI. It is cost-effective and can be done without the Leadbetter modification. Level of evidence: Not applicable
Trans-anal irrigation in patients with multiple sclerosis: Efficacy in treating disease-related bowel dysfunctions and impact on the gut microbiota: A monocentric prospective study
Authors: Ascanelli Simona , Bombardini Cristina , Chimisso Laura , Carcoforo Paolo , Turroni Silvia , D’Amico Federica , Caniati Maria Luisa , Baldi Eleonora , Tugnoli Valeria , Morotti Chiara , Valpiani Giorgia , Bazzocchi Gabriele 
Published: July 2022

Background Constipation and faecal incontinence are not so uncommon in patients with multiple sclerosis, impairing quality of life. The gut microbiota is altered in multiple sclerosis patients and likely contributes to disease pathogenesis. Trans-anal irrigation has been proven to allow treatment of neurogenic bowel dysfunction and may affect gut microbiota. Objectives The primary outcome was trans-anal irrigation effectiveness on constipation and faecal incontinence. The secondary outcome was gut microbiota profiling compared to healthy subjects and during trans-anal irrigation adoption. Methods We conducted a prospective cohort study on multiple sclerosis patients, screened with Patient Assessment of Constipation Quality of Life questionnaire before undergoing constipation and faecal incontinence scoring, abdomen X-ray for intestinal transit time, compilation of food and evacuation diaries and faecal sample collection for gut microbiota analysis before and after 4 weeks of trans-anal irrigation. Results and Conclusions Eighty patients were screened of which nearly half had intestinal symptoms. The included population (n = 37) was predominantly composed of women with significantly longer disease duration, higher mean age and disability than the excluded one ( p < 0.05). Twelve patients completed the trans-anal irrigation phase, which led to significant improvement of bowel dysfunction symptom-related quality of life, increase in gut microbiota diversity and reduction of the proportions of pro-inflammatory taxa ( p < 0.05). Trans-anal irrigation was safe, satisfactory and could help counteract multiple sclerosis-related dysbiosis.
Assessing proprioceptive acuity in people with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Goldlist Serena , Wijeyaratnam Darrin O , Edwards Thomas , Pilutti Lara A , Cressman Erin K 
Published: July 2022

Background Proprioceptive acuity and impairments in proprioceptively guided reaches have not been comprehensively examined in people with multiple sclerosis (MS). Objective To examine proprioceptive acuity in people with MS who self-report and who do not self-report upper limb (UL) impairment, and to determine how people with MS reach proprioceptive targets. Methods Twenty-four participants with MS were recruited into two groups based on self-reported UL impairment: MS-R (i.e. report UL impairment; n  =  12) vs. MS-NR (i.e. do not report UL impairment; n  =  12). Proprioception was assessed using ipsilateral and contralateral robotic proprioceptive matching tasks. Results Participants in the MS-R group demonstrated worse proprioceptive acuity compared to the MS-NR group on the ipsilateral and contralateral robotic matching tasks. Analyses of reaches to proprioceptive targets further revealed that participants in the MS-R group exhibited deficits in movement planning, as demonstrated by greater errors at peak velocity in the contralateral matching task in comparison to the MS-NR group. Conclusion Our findings suggest that people with MS who self-report UL impairment demonstrate worse proprioceptive acuity, as well as poorer movement planning in comparison to people with MS who do not report UL impairment.
Embolization of parastomal and small bowel ectopic varices utilizing a transhepatic antegrade approach: A case series
Authors: Nadeem Ibrahim Mohammad , Badar Zain , Giglio Victoria , Stella Steffan Frosi , Markose George , Nair Sabarinath 
Published: July 2022

Background The ideal approach to managing parastomal and small bowel ectopic varices (EVs) is yet to be established. Purpose To evaluate outcomes following percutaneous antegrade transhepatic venous obliteration (PATVO) in patients presenting with bleeding from parastomal or small bowel EVs. Material and Methods A case series of 12 patients presenting with active or recurrent bleeding from parastomal or small bowel EVs who underwent 17 PATVO interventions at our tertiary care institution was performed. Data extraction from electronic medical records included baseline characteristics and procedural details. Endpoints included technical success, early clinical success, and re-bleeding. Results Technical success was 100% ( n = 17), and early clinical success was 82.3% ( n = 14). No patient experienced any intra- or post-operative complications. Rebleed rates after initial PATVO in patients who achieved early clinical success was as follows: 3-month, 0% ( n = 0); 6-month, 20% ( n = 2); 12-month, 20% ( n = 2). Rebleed rates after all PATVO procedures (including patients undergoing repeat procedures) that achieved early clinical success were as follows: 3-month, 0% ( n = 0); 6-month, 14% ( n = 2; 12-month, 14% ( n = 2). All patients with re-bleeding required reintervention with either PATVO, transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) or both. Conclusion PATVO can be safely performed to treat bleeding from parastomal and small bowel EVs. In patients who present with recurrent bleeding despite PATVO, TIPS with/without embolization of bleeding varices remains a valid option as described by the literature.
Comparison Between Femoral Neck Systems and Cannulated Cancellous Screws in Treating Femoral Neck Fractures: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Tian Peng , Kuang Lan , Li Zhi-jun , Xu Gui-jun , Fu Xin 
Published: July 2022

Background We performed a meta-analysis to compare the efficacy and safety of the femoral neck system (FNS) with cannulated cancellous screws (CCSs) in treating femoral neck fractures (FNFs) in controlled clinical trials. Methods Eligible scientific articles published prior to September 2021 were retrieved from the PubMed, Web of Science, Springer, ScienceDirect and Cochrane Library databases. The statistical analysis was performed with RevMan 5.1. Results Seven retrospective studies met the inclusion criteria. Meta-analysis showed that there were significant differences in perioperative blood loss, the postoperative Harris score, healing time, fluoroscopy frequency, total complications, femoral head necrosis, femoral neck shortening and screw cutout. No significant differences were found regarding operation time, length of hospital stay or nonunion between the two groups. Conclusion Compared with CCSs, the FNS showed better clinical efficacy and fewer complications in treating FNFs. Due to the limited quality and data of the currently available evidence, more high-quality randomized controlled trials are needed.