bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Beta-amyloid Deposition in Biliary Atresia Reduces Liver Regeneration by Inhibiting Energy Metabolism and Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Signaling
Authors: Tian Xinbei , Wang Ying , Zhou Ying , Wu Bo , Lu Ying , Du Jun , Wang Weipeng , Cai Wei , Xiao Yongtao 
Published: September 2022

INTRODUCTION:
Biliary atresia (BA) is a devastating obstructive bile duct disease found in newborns. This study aims to investigate the roles and involved mechanisms of beta-amyloid (Aβ) in the pathogenesis of BA.

METHODS:
We examined the distribution of Aβ protein and its precursor in the livers of patients with BA. A murine liver organoid and a zebrafish model were established to investigate the exact roles of Aβ in liver regeneration for BA.

RESULTS:
Both Aβ mRNA and protein significantly increased in livers of infants with BA and deposited around the central vein. In the plasma, Aβ elevated significantly in patients with BA and positively correlated with liver injury progression. In vitro, Aβ treatment induced abnormal morphology and caused impaired growth in liver organoids. Energy metabolism analysis demonstrated Aβ increased aerobic glycolysis and reduced ATP synthase in organoids, in which the mammalian target of rapamycin signaling was suppressed. In vivo, Aβ42 exposure caused liver degeneration in zebrafish larvae.

DISCUSSION:
Aβ depositing in livers of infants with BA reduced the liver regeneration through attenuating mitochondrial respiration and mammalian target of rapamycin signaling.
Models of conversion in Modern English
Authors: Rubanets Tetyana , Kiyko Svitlana , Kiyko Yuriy 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The article under studies deals with the issue of the conversives structure and semantic characteristics in the models noun – verb, verb – noun, noun – adjective and adjective – noun. It consists of four stages. The first stage regards the main approaches to the phenomenon of conversion in line with system-structural, communicative-functional and cognitive paradigms, as well as elaborates the definitions, used in the work. The purpose of the second stage is to form the research material. By a continuous sample of three academic dictionaries New Webster’s Dictionary of the English Language (2009. 5th ed. London: Pearson education), Macmillian English Dictionary (2006. In M. Rundell (ed.), For advanced learners. London: Palgrave Macmillan) and Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English (2009. 5th ed. London: Pearson education), a total amount of 18,263 conversives was written out. To avoid repeating the conversives given in the dictionaries, we have developed a sample, in which every conversion pair occurred once. The total number of the studied conversives is 10,140 tokens, grouped into 5,070 conversion pairs. The third stage highlights the structural and semantic features of conversives in modern English. It describes the peculiarities of parts of speech and semantic transitions, as well as determines the conversives structural models and their modifications. In order to establish regular semantic changes, the conversion semantic models are singled out, quantitative characteristics of each model are established and the most productive transitions from the generative to the derivative are described. At the final stage, the results of the work are summarized and the prospects for further research are outlined. The obtained results will enrich the theory of nomination with the new systematized material of conversives, which are an integral part of natural languages, and the analysis of English language conversives will supplement the theoretical and methodological basis for further study of the phenomenon of conversion in other languages.
Evaluation of Septoria leaf spot (Septoria helianthi) alone and in combination with other foliar fungal spots on sunflower
Authors: Levitskaya Kristina M. , Soroka Anatoliy I. , Lyakh Viktor A. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In recent years, Septoria leaf spot has taken a strong place in the list of economically important diseases of sunflower. It may be a favorable factor for the development of other diseases on sunflower plants too. The aim of the research was to evaluate the frequency and degree of infection of sunflower plants with Septoria helianthi as well as possibility of simultaneous infection with this pathogen and other fungi which cause foliar spots, such as downy mildew, Alternaria leaf spot and Phoma black stem under conditions of stationary infectious nursery. The year 2021 turned out to be extremely favorable for the development of fungal leaf spots on sunflower. Assessment of fungal diseases of sunflower plants was performed in F2 families obtained after crossing ZL22A, ZL58A, ZL70A, ZL78A, and ZL169A lines of Zaporozhye breeding (Ukraine) with HAR7 line (originating from the USA). Each F2 family (sample) was obtained from self-pollination of one F1 plant with varying severity of Septoria disease. It was found that in the conditions of 2021, sunflower was quite affected by Septoria disease. The percentage of injured plants in F2 samples ranged from 41.0 to 100.0%. The severity of disease was different. Less resistant genotypes included plants with lesions on sunflower leaves of lower, middle, and upper tiers in approximately equal numbers, while more resistant genotypes had almost no plants with injured leaves of upper tiers. It was established that the development of Phoma disease occurred both on plants with Septoria leaf spot and on healthy plants. On average, among the plants infected with Phoma macdonaldii, the proportion of plants jointly affected by Phoma and Septoria diseases was 2/3. However, the frequency of simultaneous infection of plants with S. helianthi and P. macdonaldii in genotypes with different resistance to Septoria leaf spot differed significantly and ranged from 80% in less resistant to 40% in more resistant accessions. Most plants (about 90%) infected with Plasmopara halstedii were simultaneously infected with S. helianthi. That is, both of these pathogens can simultaneously develop on the same plant and lead to a decline in its basic physiological functions. The rate of simultaneous damage of sunflower by Alternaria and Septoria was quite low compared to plant damage by Alternaria alone and was less than 30%. This may mean that the pathogen of Alternaria leaf spot avoids plants with existing S. helianthi fungus.
Normal or elevated prolactin is a good indicator to show pituitary stalk interruption syndrome in patients with multiple pituitary hormone deficiency
Authors: Eren Erdal , Ongen Yasemin Denkboy , Ozgur Taner , Ozpar Rifat , Demirbas Ozgecan , Yazici Zeynep , Tarim Omer 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Objectives
To determine the importance of serum prolactin (PRL) in the detection of pituitary stalk interruption syndrome (PSIS) in children with multiple pituitary hormone deficiency (MPHD). We hypothesized that PRL elevation might be a diagnostic indicator of pituitary stalk pathologies.

Methods
Clinical, radiological, and laboratory features of the 50 cases of MPHD were studied.

Results
The median age at presentation of the 50 cases (52%, n=26 were female) was 6.61 (0.02–18.9) years. PSIS was detected in 60% (n=30), pituitary hypoplasia in 32% (n=16), partial empty sella in 6% (n=3), and only 2% (n=1) was reported as normal. Out of 50 patients, 21.3% (n=10) were hypoprolactinemic, 44.7% (n=19) were normoprolactinemic, and 34% (n=16) were hyperprolactinemic. The median PRL value was 27.85 (4.21–130) ng/mL in patients with PSIS and 5.57 (0–41.8) ng/mL in patients without PSIS. Additional hormone deficiencies, especially ACTH and LH were detected in follow-up.

Conclusions
Patients with normal or high prolactin levels deserve special attention regarding the possibility of PSIS. Furthermore, we emphasize the importance of regular follow-up and monitoring for multiple pituitary hormone deficiencies in all patients with a single pituitary hormone deficiency.
Equivalence and (un)translatability: Instances of the transfer between Romanian and English
Authors: Cozma Mihaela 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn very broad terms, translatability means that the translator is able to establish a relation of equivalence between a certain source text and its target variant. The notion of equivalence has a very complicated status in translation studies, because, on the one hand, this discipline does not provide a generally accepted definition of the concept, and, on the other, because it has a very complex nature, involving a variety of levels. The present article is based on the assumption that, even if there are situations when the source-language lexico-semantic items, grammatical structures or whole texts are so problematic that they seem almost impossible to be transferred into another language. The term “untranslatability” is not appropriately used with reference to such situations, because a certain type of equivalence can be always achieved. The article will approach the notions of equivalence and (un)translatability in both theoretical and practical terms, offering relevant examples specific to the transfer between Romanian and English.
Accurate determination of tetravalent uranium reduced by microorganisms via a potentiometric titration procedure
Authors: Chen Shunzhang , Cheng Yanxia , Zeng Qian , Zhu Ting , Li Feize , Lan Tu , Yang Yuanyou , Yang Jijun , Liao Jiali , Liu Ning 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Although bioreduction induced by microorganisms has been considered to play an important role in the chemical and migration behaviors of uranium in nature, the accurate determination of tetravalent uranium reduced by microorganisms is still difficult to achieve. In this work, potentiometric titration via K2Cr2O7 was used to quantitatively determine the microorganism reduced tetravalent uranium (U(IV)) for the first time. By evaluating the influence of microorganism substance content on the titration of U(IV), the appropriate determination range of U(IV) and biomass was confirmed, and U(IV) induced by bioreduction in three microorganisms was determined. With this method, U(IV) of more than 0.12 mg in microorganisms can be quantitatively measured with an accuracy of 2.2% and a precision of 1.3%, which has been established with the premise that the pretreatment biomass and quantity of U(IV) are in an appropriate range. Compared with the estimated values via the changes in hexavalent uranium (U(VI)) concentration in the bioreduction system, the results obtained by this method can more accurately reflect the quantity of U(IV) in microorganisms. This work can help us to better understand the bioreduction behavior of uranium in the environment.
Narrativas del paisaje histórico afroecuatoriano en La Concepción (Carchi-Ecuador)
Authors: Balanzategui Daniela 
Published: September 2022

Resumen: Este artículo explora el pasado afroecuatoriano, a partir del desencuentro con la historia oficial y el encuentro con el paisaje histórico diaspórico, esos “otros paisajes”, en la comunidad de La Concepción, ubicada en el “Territorio Ancestral Afroecuatoriano del Valle del Chota-Mira” (Carchi-Ecuador). La construcción de una historia blanco-mestiza ecuatoriana integra el pasado, patrimonio y cultura material afroecuatoriana mientras se mantenga su condición colonial de pasado esclavo, explotado y negro. Sin embargo, esos otros paisajes históricos están dinamizados de forma particular a partir del manejo de la cultura material preservada, destruida, abandonada, patrimonializada y revitalizada en la Concepción. En estos otros paisajes, los afroecuatorianos utilizan de forma consciente e inconsciente el discurso histórico oficial y las prácticas de protección patrimonial. Este proceso es posible en un paisaje diaspórico, cimarrón, rizomático, cambiante e interminable, en términos de Glissant.

Abstract: This article explores the Afro-Ecuadorian past, from the perspective of the point of discord with official history and the encounter with the diasporic historical landscape, “other landscapes” in the community of La Concepción in the “Ancestral Afro-Ecuadorian Territory of the Valley of the Chota-Mira” (Carchi-Ecuador). The construction of a white-mestizo history of Ecuador integrates the Afro-Ecuadorian past into it, along with the material heritage and culture, while maintaining its colonial condition of slave, exploited and black past. Nevertheless, these other historic landscapes are particularly invigorated by the management of material, preserved, destroyed, abandoned, heritage status, and revitalized culture in La Concepción. In these other landscapes, Afro-Ecuadorians consciously and unconsciously make use of the official historical discourse and the practices of heritage protection. This process is possible in a diasporic, maroon, rhizomatic, changing and unending landscape, in Glissant’s terms.
Denosumab increases spine bone density in women with anorexia nervosa: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Haines Melanie S , Kimball Allison , Meenaghan Erinne , Santoso Kate , Colling Caitlin , Singhal Vibha , Ebrahimi Seda , Gleysteen Suzanne , Schneider Marcie , Ciotti Lori , Belfer Perry , Eddy Kamryn T , Misra Madhusmita , Miller Karen K 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveAnorexia nervosa is complicated by high bone resorption, low bone mineral density (BMD), and increased fracture risk. We investigated whether off-label antiresorptive therapy with denosumab increases BMD in women with anorexia nervosa.DesignTwelve-month, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.MethodsThirty ambulatory women with anorexia nervosa and areal BMD (aBMD) T-score &lt;−1.0 at ≥1 sites were randomized to 12 months of denosumab (60 mg subcutaneously q6 months)(n = 20) or placebo (n = 10). Primary end point was postero-anterior (PA) lumbar spine aBMD by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Secondary end points included femoral neck aBMD, tibia and radius volumetric BMD and bone microarchitecture by high-resolution peripheral quantitative CT, tibia and radius failure load by finite element analysis (FEA), and markers of bone turnover.ResultsBaseline mean (±s.d.) age (29 ± 8 (denosumab) vs 29 ± 7 years (placebo)), BMI (19.0 ± 1.7 vs 18.0 ± 2.0 kg/m2), and aBMD (PA spine Z-score −1.6±1.1 vs −1.7±1.4) were similar between groups. PA lumbar spine aBMD increased in the denosumab vs placebo group over 12 months (P = 0.009). The mean (95% CI) increase in PA lumbar spine aBMD was 5.5 (3.8–7.2)% in the denosumab group and 2.2 (−0.3–4.7)% in the placebo group. The change in femoral neck aBMD was similar between groups. Radial trabecular number increased, radial trabecular separation decreased, and tibial cortical porosity decreased in the denosumab vs placebo group (P ≤ 0.006). Serum C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen and procollagen type I N-terminal propeptide decreased in the denosumab vs placebo group (P &lt; 0.0001). Denosumab was well tolerated.ConclusionsTwelve months of antiresorptive therapy with denosumab reduced bone turnover and increased spine aBMD, the skeletal site most severely affected in women with anorexia nervosa.
Simultaneously measure the concentrations of busulfan and phenytoin in human plasma using an HPLC-MS/MS method: Application to the TDM for children underwent hematological stem cell transplantation
Authors: Sun Ning , Li Zhuo , Zhang Meng , He Huan , Zhao Libo , Mei Dong , Zhu Guanghua , Wang Xiaoling 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this work, a simple and rapid high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) method was developed and validated to carry out the simultaneous measurement of busulfan (BU) and phenytoin (PHT) in the plasma of children. In this method, plasma sample could be prepared by one-step protein precipitation using 1 mL of methanol/water (1:1, v/v). After centrifugation (14,500 rpm, 5 min, 4 °C), 10 μL of the supernatant was injected into a Hypersil Gold C18 column (150 × 2.1 mm, 5 μm, Thermo Fisher Scientific) for separation by gradient elution. Quantification was carried out using multiple reactions monitoring (MRM) under positive scan mode. In the method verification, the calibration curves of BU and PHT showed satisfactory linearity (r > 0.99) at the concentration ranging from 0.02 to 20 μg mL−1. The accuracy and precision were tested at four concentration levels (including the LLOQ level) with the relative error (RE) ranging from −0.80% to 11.45% and coefficient of variation (CV) between 0.93% and 7.74%. There was no pronounced matrix effect to interfere with the quantitative analysis. Compared to determine BU and PHT using two individual methods, less pre-treatment process, labor and blood sample volume are required in this proposed method. Finally, this method was successfully applied to the therapeutic drug monitoring of BU and PHT for children underwent hematological stem cell transplantation.
MISINTERPRETATION OF SALAFI JIHADIST ON JIHĀD VERSES: AN ANALYSIS
Authors: Qotadah Hudzaifah Achmad , Syarifah Maisyatusy , Achmad Adang Darmawan 
Published: September 2022

Nowadays, the term "Jiha̅d" has taken on the connotation of a frightening term (logophobia). This is due to the fact that religious extremists use it in a very narrow context. Unfortunately, the concept of pure and vast Jihad has been tainted by insights and actions that have transcended its borders, resulting in the term Jihad being viewed negatively by some segments of the world's society. The study examines how these scholars (of Salafi Jihadism) interpret these specific verses of the Holy Quran, as well as how their concepts and explanations regarding Jihad verses differ from other scholars. A thorough qualitative method is used in this article to examine the misinterpretation of the Jiha̅d verses used by Salafi Jihadism. The study shows, first, the Salafi-Jihadi movement interprets jihad verses only based on literal meanings, ignoring the context of the asbab nuzul verses, pay less attention to the period and socio-historical verses revealed. Second, considering jihad as a physical struggle only and war in the way of Allah as a natural obligation for Muslims.
Efektivitas Penambahan Serbuk Daun Mangrove (Sonneratia caseolaris) terhadap Kualitas dan Umur Simpan Roti Tawar
Authors: Sumartini Sumartini , Harahap Kurnia Sada , Luthfiyana Novi 
Published: September 2022

Roti tawar merupakan pilihan praktis masyarakat untuk sarapan sebagai alternatif pengganti nasi. Permasalahan terbesar pada roti tawar salah satunya, yaitu mudah mengalami penurunan mutu dikarenakan umur simpan yang pendek sehingga sangat cepat ditumbuhi jamur dan munculnya bau tengik. Upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk memperpanjang umur simpan dan kualitas roti tawar adalah penambahan antioksidan alami berupa serbuk daun mangrove (Sonneratia caseolarils). Tujuan penelitian ini menentukan pengaruh penambahan serbuk daun mangrove (SDM) terhadap kualitas dan umur simpan roti tawar. Metode penelitian ini mengikuti Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari enam perlakuan yaitu penambahan SDM 0g/100g (kontrol), 0,5g/100g, 1g/100g, 1,5g/100g, 2g/100g, dan 2,5g/100g dengan tiga kali ulangan. Data dianalisis dengan ANOVA dilanjutkan uji Jarak Nyata Terdekat Duncan (JNTD) pada taraf 0,05. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan SDM secara signifikan meningkatkan Perlakuan SDM 0,5-1,50 g/100g tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan pada volume dan kekerasan roti tawar namun perlakuan SDM 2-2,5g/100g berpengaruh secara signifikan pada volume dan tekstur roti tawar. Penambahan SDM pada roti tawar dapat meningkatkan persen inhibisi antioksidan pada roti tawar. Perlakuan penambahan SDM terbukti efektif dalam mengurangi tingkat akumulasi peroksida dengan perlakuan terbaik pada penambahan SDM 2g/100g yang dapat mengurangi tingkat akumulasi peroksida selama delapan hari masa simpan. Hal ini dikarenakan penambahan serbuk daun mangrove berpotensi menurunkan laju oksidasi lemak dan meningkatkan peran antioksidan selama masa sinpan roti tawar.
Extremely Large Off-Fault Deformation during the 2021 Mw 7.4 Maduo, Tibetan Plateau, Earthquake
Authors: Li Chenglong , Li Tao , Shan Xinjian , Zhang Guohong 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe 21 May 2021 Mw 7.4 Maduo earthquake ruptured a 170 km long immature strike-slip fault within the eastern Tibetan plateau. Based on pixel correlation of pre- and postevent Sentinel-2 optical satellite images (band 8; pixel = 10 m), we determine the coseismic horizontal displacement and deformation-zone width at the surface. These results, compared with the on-fault slip from geological measurements, document that &lt;20% of the fault displacement is localized on the fault plane, whereas as high as &gt;80% of the fault displacement occurred as off-fault deformation (OFD), over a mean deformation-zone width of 835 m (ranging from 60 to 1670 m). The OFD% of the Maduo earthquake is significantly larger than the OFD% (28%–64%) of all other (eight in total) previously documented earthquakes occurring on immature strike-slip faults, amongst which five earthquake faults have a structural maturity (cumulative displacement) even lower than the Maduo earthquake fault. These observations may be explained by that (1) the fault maturity is not the only factor controlling the behavior of OFD or the degree of strain localization during an earthquake, or that (2) the calculated OFD includes some elastic deformation due to fault slip reduction in the shallow depth. Our results have an implication that the seismic hazard assessment of immature strike-slip faults is more challenging than previously thought.
Primitive neuroectodermal tumor of kidney in elderly -A case series with review of literature
Authors: Kavitha K.P , Kottangal Gittwa Vatsaraj , Kollathodi Shehla Basheer , Kuruvila Shalini , Madhavan Lilly , Radhakrishnan Surdas 
Published: September 2022

Primitive neuroectodermal tumor of the kidney (PNET) is a very rare and highly aggressive tumor commonly seen in young adolescents. These tumors are rare in patients over 40 years. Reports of renal PNET in elderly patients over 60 years are even rarer.We report three cases of renal PNET in adult patients diagnosed over a period of three years. Among the three patients, two were above 60 years of age and the third patient was a 39-year-old male. All the three patients had extensive venous thrombosis at the time of presentation. One of the patients succumbed to death in the immediate post-operative period and the other two received chemotherapy.Renal PNET owing to its rare occurrence in middle-aged and elderly poses a diagnostic challenge to the pathologist. The clinical and radiological findings have limitations in the accurate diagnosis. Thorough morphological evaluation along with immunohistochemistry and cytogenetic analysis help in arriving at a correct diagnosis. An accurate diagnosis is crucial for the initiation of proper treatment.