bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Crocin attenuates pro-inflammatory cytokines and lipid proxidasion in rat brain following local injection with Ethidium bromide
Authors: Fatemi Rouholah , Farbood Yaghoub , Fathimoghadam Hadi , Ghadiri Ataalah 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Crocin, as a natural based agent, has much anti inflammation and antioxidant properties that has widely applied to reduce problems related to neurodegenerative deficits. Objective: We investigated the effects of Crocin on brain cytokines and Malondialdehyde concentrations in an animal model of demyelization with Ethidium Bromide (EB). Material and Methods: Female Wistar rats were induced by a single injection of 10 μl of 0.1%EB into the Cisterna and assigned in to 7 groups; Control and treatment (3groups received 5,10 & 20mg/kg crocin for 21 days). The levels of TNFα, IL-6, IL-1and MDA were analyzed by paired t-test and ANCOVA with Post-hoc test. Results: TNFα, IL-1, IL-6 and MDA were reduced after 21 days of crocin administration, but significant changes were observed only in crocin 10 mg/kg (p<0.05). Conclusion: It can be concluded that crocin can attenuate the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines and lipid proxidation after induction of brain demyelization.
Decoupling climate impact of wastewater infrastructure and water stress alleviation across 300 cities in China is challenging yet plausible by 2030
Authors: Chen Shaoqing , Zhang Linmei , Liu Beibei , Yi Hang , Su Hanshi , Kharrazi Ali , Jiang Feng , Lu Zhongming , Crittenden John , Chen Bin 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Urban wastewater treatment and reuse are crucial for achieving water sustainability. Yet, pathways of realizing water–climate synergies in the planning of wastewater infrastructure remain unclear. In this paper, we examine the nexus of urban water stress and climate impact resulting from the expansion of wastewater infrastructures across over 300 cities in China. We demonstrate how the effect of alleviating urban water stress from wastewater treatment and reclaimed water reuse has been highly uneven across cities, costing the country a 183% increase in life-cycle greenhouse gas emissions during 2006–2015. Decoupling the climate impact of wastewater infrastructure from significant water stress is plausible by 2030, potentially leading to up to 35% reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. However, given the growing demand for water reuse and investment in the diffusion of low-carbon technologies at each life-cycle stage of wastewater systems, this decoupling would be a challenging endeavor.
Laser welding of tailored blanks made of Al-Si-coated 22MnB5 steel using a filler wire and a variable energy distribution laser optics
Authors: Coviello Donato , Heydt Jana von der , Rullo Lorenzo , Keßler Michael , De Vito Mariarosaria , D'Angola Antonio , Sorgente Donato 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Laser welding of Al-Si coated steels for hot stamping in automotive applications is problematic due to the mixing of the coating layers inside the molten pool that weakens the resulting weld seam. The most common welding procedure used in this case consists in removing the Al-Si layer through laser ablation prior to the joining. Although in-situ ablation of the Al-Si coating can be costly and time consuming, this method continues to be the most widely used by major producers of tailor welded blanks (TWB). In this work, a novel approach consisting in joining as-received (i.e. not decoated) materials using a filler wire and an innovative variable energy distribution (VED) laser optics is introduced and tested on TWB made of 22MnB5. Specimens obtained from a 33 full factorial design of experiment have shown a mechanical resistance much higher than that observed in as-received welded then hot stamped cases. SEM and hardness analyses have been performed to better investigate the quality of the resulting weld seam. Variations of the main process parameters have been considered on an iso-thickness and iso-material configuration, empirically demonstrating the stability and reliability of the proposed methodology as well as its suitability for production purposes.
A study on factors influencing customer’s adoption of Over -The -Top (OTT) platform over other conventional platforms
Authors: K. Vidhya , Govind Arjun 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

OTT stands for over-the-top, at first named in reference to devices that go "over" a cable box to offer the user access to TV content. OTT platforms are booming so much that it has taken over the TV industry. Nowadays people prefer watching content on OTT platforms than on TV. The main objective is to study the impact of user experience on the adoption of OTT platforms over other traditional platforms. The respondents in this study are aware of OTT platforms and all of them are using OTT services as an alternative to cable broadcast and DTH. Covid-19 lockdown effected people badly and they were sitting in their homes, they cannot go outside, so people used OTT platforms to spend their leisure time. The future studies may concentrate on usage of smart phones and smart devices among the OTT users.
Fine mapping and characterisation of a PV-PUR mediating anthocyanin synthesis in snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)
Authors: Liu Chang , Yang Xiaoxu , He Yongheng , Chen Qifu , Huang Yucheng , Yan Zhishan , Liu Dajun , Feng Guojun 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Anthocyanin makes snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) pods purple, which is visually attractive and protects against environmental stress. In this study, we characterised the snap bean purple mutant pv-pur, which has purple cotyledon, hypocotyl, stem, leaf vein, flower and pod tissues. Total anthocyanin, delphinidin and malvidin levels in mutant pods were significantly higher than in wild-type plants. We constructed two populations for fine mapping of the PV-PUR purple mutation gene, located in the 243.9-kb region of chromosome 06. We identified Phvul.006g018800.3, encoding F3'5'H, as a candidate gene for PV-PUR. Six single base mutations occurred in the coding region of this gene, altering protein structure. Phvul.006g018800.3 transcription was measured, and expression levels in the mutant were significantly higher than in wild-type plants in all tissues. The mutant Phvul.006g018800.3 gene was transferred into Arabidopsis thaliana, and the leaf base and internodes of transgenic Arabidopsis T3 plants were purple, verifying the function of the mutant gene. The results demonstrated that PV-PUR is a crucial gene for anthocyanin biosynthesis in snap bean, resulting in purple colouration. The findings lay a foundation for future breeding and improvement of snap bean.
Comparative efficacy of intravesical perfusion therapy in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer : A systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Li Yangdong , Fan Maochuan , Zhang Shaohua , Meng Xiangzhen , Zhou Hao , Dou Qifeng 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) has a high recurrence and progression rate, and its clinical treatment is diverse, but patient prognosis is not ideal. This meta-analysis was performed to assess the safety of different treatment regimens for NMIBC and provide a basis for clinical treatment. Methods: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on different drug regimens for NMIBC were searched by computer system in PubMed, SpringerLink, The Cochrane Library, OVID, CNKI, Wangfang, VIP. A total of 6 drugs were included. The language of the articles was limited to Chinese and English only, and the search time frame was from 2000-01-01 to 2022-05-01. Network meta-analysis of tumor recurrence rate, bladder irritation symptoms, and hematuria after different interventions for NMIBC using Stata15.1 software. Results: A total of six interventions were involved in the study:Bacillus Calmette-Gue´rin(BCG),epirubicin(EPI), gemcitabine (GEM), piricitabine (THP), mitomycin C(MMC), and hydroxycamptothecin(HCPT).The results showed that treatment with BCG was lower than treatment with EPI and MMC in terms of 1-year relapse rate; the area under the cumulative ranked probability plot (SUCRA) was ranked from lowest to highest: BCG<THP<GEM<EPI<MMC< HCPT. In terms of 2-year relapse rate, treatment with BCG was lower than treatment with GEM, EPI, THP, HCPT and MMC. The incidence of bladder irritation was significantly lower with GEM than with EPI and MMC, and significantly higher with BCG than with GEM, EPI, THP, and HCPT. SUCRA was ranked from lowest to highest: GEM<HCPT< THP < EPI < MMC< BCG. in terms of the incidence of hematuria, there was no statistical significance for each treatment measure. Conclusion: BCG treatment significantly reduced the recurrence rate of postoperative NMIBC, but did not reduce the incidence of bladder irritation and hematuria; GEM treatment was second only to BCG in reducing the recurrence rate, but it was effective in preventing the incidence of bladder irritation and hematuria.
Growth of multi-walled carbon nanotubes and carbon spheres on diatoms
Authors: Mina-Villarreal María Cristina , Briceño Sarah , Gonzalez Gema 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The growth of carbon-based nanomaterials on diatoms allows the environmentally friendly production of new materials with potential applications for energy storage. Here, we report the growth control of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and carbon spheres (CCs) on diatoms using cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4) and FeCo nanoparticles as catalysts. Carbon nanomaterials were obtained by the catalytic Chemical Vapor Deposition method (CVD) at 750◦C with acetylene as a carbon source. The formation of MWCNTs and carbon spheres on the diatom was confirmed by Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Our results reveal that the MWCNTs were formed using the FeCo nanoparticles and the carbon spheres with CoFe2O4 nanoparticles as catalysts. The effect of the catalyst and the formation mechanism was discussed. The advantage of these results relies on using diatoms as a substrate to control the growth of high-quality carbon nanomaterials by tailoring the surface with different catalytic sources.
UPLC-MS-based metabolomics profiling and chemometric analysis for Hypericum sinaicum Boiss and the endophytic Aspergillus foetidus in comparison to Hypericum perforatum L
Authors: Sheashea Mohamed , El-Hawary Seham , Ahmed Fatma A. , Salem Mohamed A. , Ezzat Marwa I. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Successful identification of the species of the semipetrified amber medicinal resin benzoin using DNA barcoding technology
Authors: Feng Jian , He Qingqin , Xie Anzhen , Liu Yangyang 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Benzoin, also known as semipetrified amber, is the resin secreted from the trunk of the benzoin plant. This medicinal material has blood circulation-promoting and pain-relieving properties. There are approximately 130 species of benzoin plants in the world, and the resin of many plants in the benzoin genus is used, so there is confounding of the species of origin. In this study, DNA was successfully extracted from the semipetrified amber medicinal material benzoin, and the species of benzoin in the medicinal herb market were evaluated by DNA barcoding. BLAST comparison of ITS2 primary sequences and homology prediction analysis of ITS2 secondary structures showed that the commercially available benzoin base originated from Styrax tonkinensis (Pierre) Craib ex Hart. and Styrax japonicus Sieb. et Zucc. of the genus Styrax Linn., and tissue from other genera was also detected to be mixed in with some samples, accounting for 29.6% of the samples. There is a risk that benzoin resin medical materials will be mixed with tissues from other plants. This is the first report on the subject, and the approach taken provides technical feasibility for the identification of the basis of the benzoin resin medical materials.
Isolation and characterization of cellulose from coconut shell powder and its application as reinforcement in casein composite films
Authors: Kalla Adarsh M. , Eljeeva Magdaline , Pushpadass Heartwin A. , Kumar Sathish , Battula Surendra Nath 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Cellulose was extracted from coconut shell powder (CSP) as a source of natural fiber, and used as reinforcing material in casein composite films. Extraction was done by delignification and mercerization of CSP, with yield of 27.5% cellulose. The isolated cellulose was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The SEM micrographs revealed that the mean width of microfibrils was 5–20 µm, while AFM showed mean surface roughness of 1.37 nm. FTIR spectra revealed the absence of lignin and hemicellulose in the cellulose, indicating their successful removal from CSP during extraction of cellulose. XRD indicated crystallinity content of 65.4% in cellulose. The flow properties of extracted cellulose were compared with that of commercial grade cellulose. The bulk, tapped and true densities of extracted cellulose were 368.8, 493.8 and 1313 kg/m3, respectively, whereas Hausner ratio and Carr’s index were 1.34 and 25.3%, respectively. The reinforcing capacity of 3% cellulose was evaluated in casein films prepared by casting. Casein composite films with added cellulose increased their tensile strength and elastic modulus from 4.98 to 7.20 MPa and 9.91 to 83.42 MPa, respectively. However, the tensile strain decreased from 52.08 to 8.66% after incorporation of cellulose, indicating good toughness and resistance to deformation.
Effect of particle size and shielding gas flow rate on composition of functionally graded materials fabricated by pre-mixed powder in laser directed energy deposition process
Authors: Sobhanieh Niloufar , Akbari Javad 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Functionally Gradient Material (FGM) is attaining more and more interests recently due to its outstanding feature of possessing benefits of physical and mechanical properties of two materials in one part. One of the common processes to fabricate FGM is laser directed energy deposition of pre-mixed powder of two materials. However, it is challenging to achieve accurate and consistent composition from blended powders having different characteristics. The focus of this study is experimentally investigating two parameters effecting FGM composition: powder size and axial shielding gas flow rate. The pre-mixed powders used was the combination of WC with SS316L and 309L. The deposited layers were cut in different locations along deposition direction. Composition in each section was surveyed by the aid of SEM photos and ImageJ software. The result of experiments showed that the desired and consistent composition of two materials, is reachable if the ratio of powder size of two materials is equal to reverse square root of their density ratio. Moreover, In LDED of FGM, increasing axial shielding gas flow rate causes the lighter particles fall out of meltpool and consequently the presence of lighter material in deposited layer would be less than expected.
Keep trying or give up? the future fertility of patients undertaking their first in vitro fertilization with no available embryos
Authors: Dong Xiaohui , Xue Xia 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In in vitro fertilization (IVF), the patient's probability of subsequent pregnancy after a failed procedure with no transferable embryo is unknown. We conducted a cohort retrospective study evaluating the live birth rate in the subsequent cycles of the patients with no embryo transfer in their first IVF attempt between 2017and 2020. The variables in the first cycle were compared between the patients who conceived in subsequent cycles and who did not. Additionally, for patients who conceived at last, variables related to ovarian stimulation were compared between the first cycle and the pregnancy cycle. According to the inclusion criteria, 529 were enrolled during the study period, of which 230 had successful pregnancies and 192 gave birth to a live infant. Cumulative live birth rates (CPR) per cycle and per patient were 26%, 36% respectively. 99% of the live births were obtained within the first 3 attempts, no pregnancy was achieved beyond 6 cycles. Stimulating variables in the first cycle were not effective in predicting the likelihood of a patient's subsequent pregnancy. Overall, patients who did not have embryos available for transfer in the first cycle had a 36% chance of having a live birth in subsequent attempts, and more than three attempts were not recommended.
Design and analysis of polycentric prosthetic knee with enhanced kinematics and stability
Authors: Mohanty Rajesh Kumar , Mohanty Ramesh Chandra , Sabut Sukanta Kumar 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This paper describes a continuation of earlier work using the finite element method to conduct an engineering failure analysis of existing polycentric prosthetic knee. The primary purpose of this work is to enhance the quality of the existing knee which has been reported with multiple cases of failure during its clinical practice in India. A modified design of the polycentric knee has been proposed based on the findings of failure analysis. Simulation-based comparative analysis of polycentric knees has been performed as per the ISO 10328:2016 standard in terms of stress distribution, total contour deformation, safety factor, and fatigue life. The upper extension lever is subjected to static and cyclic loads of 4130 and 1230 N, whereas lower plate has translational constraint. The modified polycentric knee prosthesis outperforms static and fatigue strength tests. The standard of the existing knee prosthesis has significantly improved as a result of design variations and integration of high-strength and lightweight aluminium 7075-T6 alloy. The modified polycentric knee prosthesis has a predicted maximum deformation of less than 0.7 mm and a minimum safety factor between 1.7 and 2 compared to 2.66 mm and 1.0 for the existing knee prosthesis. Based on the fatigue simulation results, it is predicted that the modified polycentric knee will have a lifespan of at least ten years indicating a safe design. It has improved alignment stability and kinematics, with a significant weight reduction of 33 g, and a high cost-benefit ratio to reach the maximum amputee population in low-income countries like India.
In-situ immobilization of ZIF-8 on sodium lignosulfonate/chitosan foams for efficiently removal of ciprofloxacin from water
Authors: Wang Peiwen , Chen Chongjin , Shen Hangyu , Wei Jinrou , Lan Yi , Liao Xiufen , Fan Hui , Hu Huayu , Zhang Yanjuan , Huang Zuqiang 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Ciprofloxacin (CIP) contamination poses a great threat to the environment due to it can induce the growth of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Herein, a composite adsorbent material, sodium lignosulfonate/chitosan @ZIF-8 (SLS/CS@ZIF-8), was synthesized by introducing sodium lignosulfonate into chitosan foams (CS-FM) and then loading ZIF-8 onto the resulting foams (SLS/CS-FM) by in-situ immobilization to effectively remove CIP from water. The introduction of sodium lignosulfonate improved the mechanical strength of chitosan foams and provided more attachment sites for ZIF-8. The effects of pH, contact time, initial concentration and temperature for CIP adsorption were investigated. Overall, the adsorption capacity of SLS/CS@ZIF-8 for CIP was better than chitosan@ZIF-8 (CS@ZIF-8) in the pH range of 4 to 11, and SLS/CS@ZIF-8 kept high adsorption capacities at a wide pH range from 6 to 9. SLS/CS@ZIF-8 maximum adsorption capacity for CIP was 413 mg/g when the CIP concentration of 250 mg/L at 303K, which was better than most previously reported adsorbents. Pseudo-second-order kinetics and Langmuir isothermal model could better describe the adsorption process, indicating that the adsorption of CIP was mainly controlled by chemisorption mechanism and monolayer adsorption. Adsorption thermodynamic showed that the adsorption process of CIP on SLS/CS@ZIF-8 was spontaneous and endothermic. After 6 cycles, SLS/CS@ZIF-8 still had good adsorption capacity for CIP. According to FT-IR and XPS analysis, the adsorption mechanisms of CIP on SLS/CS@ZIF-8 was mainly electrostatic interaction, hydrogen bond interaction and π-π interaction. This work synthesized a potential adsorbent to effectively remove CIP from wastewater, developed a new low-carbon green chemical technology for potential applications of sodium lignosulfonate and chitosan.
Trophic Level and Proteobacteria Abundance Drive Antibiotic Resistance Levels in Fish from Coastal New England
Authors: Korry Benjamin , Belenky Peter 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
The natural marine environment represents a vast reservoir of antimicrobial resistant bacteria. The wildlife that inhabits this environment plays an important role as the host to these bacteria and in the dissemination of resistance. The relationship between host diet, phylogeny, and trophic level and the microbiome/resistome in marine fish is not fully understood. To further explore this relationship, we utilize shotgun metagenomic sequencing to define the gastrointestinal tract microbiomes of seven different marine vertebrates collected in coastal New England waters.
Results
We identify inter and intraspecies differences in the gut microbiota of these wild marine fish populations. Furthermore, we find an association between antibiotic resistance genes and host dietary guild, which suggests that higher trophic level organisms have a greater abundance of resistance genes. Additionally, we demonstrate that antibiotic resistance gene burden is positively correlated with Proteobacteria abundance in the microbiome. Lastly, we identify dietary signatures within the gut of these fish and find evidence of possible dietary selection for bacteria with specific carbohydrate utilization potential.
Conclusions
This work establishes a link between host lifestyle/dietary guild, and microbiome composition and the abundance of antibiotic resistance genes within the gastrointestinal tract of marine organisms.