bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Invasive species policy in Brazil: a review and critical analysis
Authors: Faria Larissa , Carvalho Barbara Maichak de , Carneiro Laís , Miiller Natali Oliva Roman , Pedroso Clemerson Richard , Occhi Thiago Vinícius Trento , Tonella Lívia Helena , Vitule Jean Ricardo Simões 
Published: November 2022

SummaryBiological invasions represent one of the main threats to biodiversity and a recognized economic burden worldwide; the issue has been included in the conservation agenda such as the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD). Brazil is a signatory country of the CBD; however, the number of alien species records in its territory is continuously rising. To evaluate the invasive alien species (IAS) policy in Brazil, we reviewed the legislation delineating historical trends to identify potential gaps and avenues for improvement. We consulted several websites using keywords related to invasions in order to track legal instruments such as laws, decrees and regulations. We classified the documents regarding their main aims with regard to IAS, taxon and environment of interest. We found 85 legal instruments in force related to IAS published in the federal sphere up to October 2021, with decrees being the most common type. Most documents were classified as ‘control’ and ‘prevention’ and were related to all taxa and environments. Two species (wild boar Sus scrofa and golden mussel Limnoperna fortunei) have more specific legislation, probably due to their conspicuous economic impacts. We discuss policy gaps and their implications for the efficient management and prevention of new IAS introductions to the country.
Bi-national outbreak of Salmonella Newport infections linked to onions: the United States experience
Authors: McCormic Z. D. , Patel K. , Higa J. , Bancroft J. , Donovan D. , Edwards L. , Cheng J. , Adcock B. , Bond C. , Pereira E. , Doyle M. , Wise M. E. , Gieraltowski L. ,   the Salmonella Newport Investigation Team
Published: November 2022

Abstract
From 2016–2019, dry bulb onions were the suspected cause of three multistate outbreaks in the United States. We investigated a large multistate outbreak of Salmonella Newport infections that caused illnesses in both the United States and Canada in 2020. Epidemiologic, laboratory and traceback investigations were conducted to determine the source of the infections, and data were shared among U.S. and Canadian public health officials. We identified 1127 U.S. illnesses from 48 states with illness onset dates ranging from 19 June to 11 September 2020. Sixty-six per cent of ill people reported consuming red onions in the week before illness onset. Thirty-five illness sub-clusters were identified during the investigation and seventy-four per cent of sub-clusters served red onions to customers during the exposure period. Traceback for the source of onions in illness sub-clusters identified a common onion grower in Bakersfield, CA as the source of red onions, and onions were recalled at this time. Although other strains of Salmonella Newport were identified in environmental samples collected at the Bakersfield, CA grower, extensive environmental and product testing did not yield the outbreak strain. This was the third largest U.S. foodborne Salmonella outbreak in the last 30 years. It is the first U.S. multistate outbreak with a confirmed link to dry bulb onions, and it was nearly 10-fold larger than prior outbreaks with a suspected link to onions. This outbreak is notable for its size and scope, as well as the international data sharing that led to implication of red onions as the primary cause of the outbreak. Although an environmental assessment at the grower identified several factors that likely contributed to the outbreak, no main reason was identified. The expedient identification of the outbreak vehicle and response of multiple public health agencies allowed for recall and removal of product from the marketplace, and rapid messaging to both the public and industry on actions to protect consumers; these features contributed to a decrease in cases and expeditious conclusion of the outbreak.
Carotenoid metabolites, their tissue and blood concentrations in humans and further bioactivity via retinoid receptor-mediated signalling
Authors: Bohn Torsten , de Lera Angel R. , Landrier Jean-Francois , Rühl Ralph 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMany epidemiological studies have emphasised the relation between carotenoid dietary intake and their circulating concentrations and beneficial health effects, such as lower risk of cardiometabolic diseases and cancer. However, there is dispute as to whether the attributed health benefits are due to native carotenoids or whether they are instead induced by their metabolites. Several categories of metabolites have been reported, most notably involving (a) modifications at the cyclohexenyl ring or the polyene chain, such as epoxides and geometric isomers, (b) excentric cleavage metabolites with alcohol-, aldehyde- or carboxylic acid-functional groups or (c) centric cleaved metabolites with additional hydroxyl, aldehyde or carboxyl functionalities, not counting their potential phase-II glucuronidated / sulphated derivatives. Of special interest are the apo-carotenoids, which originate in the intestine and other tissues from carotenoid cleavage by β-carotene oxygenases 1/2 in a symmetrical / non-symmetrical fashion. These are more water soluble and more electrophilic and, therefore, putative candidates for interactions with transcription factors such as NF-kB and Nrf2, as well as ligands for RAR–RXR nuclear receptor interactions. In this review, we discussin vivodetected apo-carotenoids, their reported tissue concentrations, and potential associated health effects, focusing exclusively on the human situation and based on quantified / semi-quantified carotenoid metabolites proven to be present in humans.
Strain Partitioning and Localization Due To Detachment Heterogeneities in Fold‐and‐Thrust Belts of Progressive Arcs: Results From Analog Modeling
Authors: Jiménez‐Bonilla Alejandro , Ramos Inmaculada Expósito , Díaz‐Azpíroz Manuel , Balanyá Juan Carlos , Crespo‐Blanc Ana 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAlthough most arcuate orogens are deformed as progressive arcs—curvature is acquired during shortening‐, they have been scarcely simulated by analog modeling. To investigate factors that control the growth of progressive curves in fold‐and‐thrust belts, we developed seven analog models where the backstop shape changed over time, and distinctive geometric heterogeneities were set in the detachment layer. These heterogeneities, often described in natural cases, include diapirs, thickness lateral variations (including pinch‐outs) of the viscous detachment layer as well as frontal pinch‐outs. Our results show that strain was partitioned between shortening structures showing radial transport directions, and both normal and oblique strike‐slip faults that accommodated arc‐lengthening. The location of any heterogeneity conditioned the nucleation of structures and thus, the wedge evolution and its resulting geometry. The presence of both diapirs and frontal silicone pinch‐outs favored the stagnation of the deformation front, and the subsequent wedge thickening up to reach the supercritical angle. Both diapirs and thickness lateral variations of the viscous layer localized arc‐parallel stretching. In addition, their configuration determined the amount and distribution of salients and recesses along the arcuate belt, diapirs and more frictional detachments favoring thicker wedges and less frontal propagation. The differential displacement between salients and recesses was accommodated by strongly partitioned transfer zones, localized by the boundaries between distinctive detachment domains. These results may be useful to investigate geometric and kinematic changes along natural progressive arcs such as the Gibraltar, Sulaiman and Zagros cases.
Comparing Jupiter’s Equatorial X‐Ray Emissions With Solar X‐Ray Flux Over 19 Years of the Chandra Mission
Authors: McEntee S. C. , Jackman C. M. , Weigt D. M. , Dunn W. R. , Kashyap V. , Kraft R. , Louis C. K. , Branduardi‐Raymont G. , Gladstone G. R. , Gallagher P. T. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe present a statistical study of Jupiter’s disk X‐ray emissions using 19 years of Chandra X‐Ray Observatory (CXO) observations. Previous work has suggested that these emissions are consistent with solar X‐rays elastically scattered from Jupiter’s upper atmosphere. We showcase a new pulse invariant (PI) filtering method that minimizes instrumental effects which may produce unphysical trends in photon counts across the nearly two‐decade span of the observations. We compare the CXO results with solar X‐ray flux data from the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites X‐ray Sensor for the wavelength band 1–8 Å (long channel), to quantify the correlation between solar activity and Jovian disk counts. We find a statistically significant Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient of 0.9, which confirms that emitted Jovian disk X‐rays are predominantly governed by solar activity. We also utilize the high spatial resolution of the High Resolution Camera Instrument on‐board the CXO to map the disk photons to their positions on Jupiter’s surface. Voronoi tessellation diagrams were constructed with the Juno Reference Model through Perijove 9 internal field model overlaid to identify any spatial preference of equatorial photons. After accounting for area and scattering across the curved surface of the planet, we find a preference of Jovian disk emission at 2–3.5 Gauss surface magnetic field strength. This suggests that a portion of the disk X‐rays may be linked to processes other than solar scattering: the spatial preference associated with magnetic field strength may imply increased precipitation from the radiation belts, as previously postulated.
A Framework to Simplify Astro‐Meteorological Water Level and Wind Inputs for Modeling Coastal Marsh Ecomorphodynamics
Authors: Mariotti Giulio , Zapp Samuel M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractModeling long‐term marsh ecomorphodynamics often requires simplifying hydrodynamic inputs. This is usually achieved by selecting the mean or spring astronomic tidal range. Here, we suggest a new framework to simplify inputs for modeling marsh ecomorphodynamics. First, tidal characteristics that influence plant growth are separated from those responsible for hydrodynamics and sediment transport. The upper range for vegetation growth is set equal to the Median Monthly Maximum High Water plus a positive offset attributed to precipitation. Second, to characterize the hydrodynamics, the measured water levels are partitioned into two components: a high‐frequency signal (<72 hr), which affects both water depths and currents (transport tides), and a low‐frequency signal (>72 hr), which drives sea level anomalies. Transport tides are mainly due to diurnal and semidiurnal astronomic forcing; sea level anomalies are due to both meteorological tides and long‐period astronomic components (weekly to annual). A water level time series can thus be simplified into a time series of tidal cycles, each characterized by a range, period, and sea level anomaly. Given the need to simulate both water depths and currents, a single equivalent tide cannot be identified, that is, a temporal modulation of the tidal cycles (transport tide range and sea level anomaly) must be retained. To reduce input complexity while keeping the modulation, we propose to only simulate the mean, 10th percentile, and 90th percentile of both transport tide range and sea level anomaly. A constant “morphologically equivalent” wind speed reproduces marsh morphology and elevation similar to those obtained with the full wind modulation.
The equilibrium of tumor suppression: DUBs as active regulators of PTEN
Authors: Christine Audrey , Park Mi Kyung , Song Su Jung , Song Min Sup 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPTENis among the most commonly lost or mutated tumor suppressor genes in human cancer. PTEN, a bona fide lipid phosphatase that antagonizes the highly oncogenic PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway, is considered a major dose-dependent tumor suppressor. Although PTEN function can be compromised by genetic mutations in inherited syndromes and cancers, posttranslational modifications of PTEN may also play key roles in the dynamic regulation of its function. Notably, deregulated ubiquitination and deubiquitination lead to detrimental impacts on PTEN levels and subcellular partitioning, promoting tumorigenesis. While PTEN can be targeted by HECT-type E3 ubiquitin ligases for nuclear import and proteasomal degradation, studies have shown that several deubiquitinating enzymes, including HAUSP/USP7, USP10, USP11, USP13, OTUD3 and Ataxin-3, can remove ubiquitin from ubiquitinated PTEN in cancer-specific contexts and thus reverse ubiquitination-mediated PTEN regulation. Researchers continue to reveal the precise molecular mechanisms by which cancer-specific deubiquitinases of PTEN regulate its roles in the pathobiology of cancer, and new methods of pharmacologically for modulating PTEN deubiquitinases are critical areas of investigation for cancer treatment and prevention. Here, we assess the mechanisms and functions of deubiquitination as a recently appreciated mode of PTEN regulation and review the link between deubiquitinases and PTEN reactivation and its implications for therapeutic strategies.
Identification of texture MRI brain abnormalities on first-episode psychosis and clinical high-risk subjects using explainable artificial intelligence
Authors: Korda Alexandra I. , Andreou Christina , Rogg Helena Victoria , Avram Mihai , Ruef Anne , Davatzikos Christos , Koutsouleris Nikolaos , Borgwardt Stefan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractStructural MRI studies in first-episode psychosis and the clinical high-risk state have consistently shown volumetric abnormalities. Aim of the present study was to introduce radiomics texture features in identification of psychosis. Radiomics texture features describe the interrelationship between voxel intensities across multiple spatial scales capturing the hidden information of underlying disease dynamics in addition to volumetric changes. Structural MR images were acquired from 77 first-episode psychosis (FEP) patients, 58 clinical high-risk subjects with no later transition to psychosis (CHR_NT), 15 clinical high-risk subjects with later transition (CHR_T), and 44 healthy controls (HC). Radiomics texture features were extracted from non-segmented images, and two-classification schemas were performed for the identification of FEP vs. HC and FEP vs. CHR_NT. The group of CHR_T was used as external validation in both schemas. The classification of a subject’s clinical status was predicted by importing separately (a) the difference of entropy feature map and (b) the contrast feature map, resulting in classification balanced accuracy above 72% in both analyses. The proposed framework enhances the classification decision for FEP, CHR_NT, and HC subjects, verifies diagnosis-relevant features and may potentially contribute to identification of structural biomarkers for psychosis, beyond and above volumetric brain changes.
Observation of gapped Dirac cones in a two-dimensional Su-Schrieffer-Heeger lattice
Authors: Geng Daiyu , Zhou Hui , Yue Shaosheng , Sun Zhenyu , Cheng Peng , Chen Lan , Meng Sheng , Wu Kehui , Feng Baojie 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe Su-Schrieffer-Heeger (SSH) model in a two-dimensional rectangular lattice features gapless or gapped Dirac cones with topological edge states along specific peripheries. While such a simple model has been recently realized in photonic/acoustic lattices and electric circuits, its material realization in condensed matter systems is still lacking. Here, we study the atomic and electronic structure of a rectangular Si lattice on Ag(001) by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and theoretical calculations. We demonstrate that the Si lattice hosts gapped Dirac cones at the Brillouin zone corners. Our tight-binding analysis reveals that the Dirac bands can be described by a 2D SSH model with anisotropic polarizations. The gap of the Dirac cone is driven by alternative hopping amplitudes in one direction and staggered potential energies in the other one and hosts topological edge states. Our results establish an ideal platform to explore the rich physical properties of the 2D SSH model.
YAP promotes cell-autonomous immune responses to tackle intracellular Staphylococcus aureus in vitro
Authors: Caire Robin , Audoux Estelle , Thomas Mireille , Dalix Elisa , Peyron Aurélien , Rodriguez Killian , Pordone Nicola , Guillemot Johann , Dickerscheit Yann , Marotte Hubert , Vandenesch François , Laurent Frédéric , Josse Jérôme , Verhoeven Paul O. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTranscriptional cofactors YAP/TAZ have recently been found to support autophagy and inflammation, which are part of cell-autonomous immunity and are critical in antibacterial defense. Here, we studied the role of YAP againstStaphylococcus aureususing CRISPR/Cas9-mutated HEK293 cells and a primary cell-based organoid model. We found thatS. aureusinfection increases YAP transcriptional activity, which is required to reduce intracellularS. aureusreplication. A 770-gene targeted transcriptomic analysis revealed that YAP upregulates genes involved in autophagy/lysosome and inflammation pathways in both infected and uninfected conditions. The YAP-TEAD transcriptional activity promotes autophagic flux and lysosomal acidification, which are then important for defense against intracellularS. aureus. Furthermore, the staphylococcal toxin C3 exoenzyme EDIN-B was found effective in preventing YAP-mediated cell-autonomous immune response. This study provides key insights on the anti-S. aureusactivity of YAP, which could be conserved for defense against other intracellular bacteria.
Mechanochemical tuning of a kinesin motor essential for malaria parasite transmission
Authors: Liu Tianyang , Shilliday Fiona , Cook Alexander D. , Zeeshan Mohammad , Brady Declan , Tewari Rita , Sutherland Colin J. , Roberts Anthony J. , Moores Carolyn A. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPlasmodium species cause malaria and kill hundreds of thousands annually. The microtubule-based motor kinesin-8B is required for development of the flagellated Plasmodium male gamete, and its absence completely blocks parasite transmission. To understand the molecular basis of kinesin-8B’s essential role, we characterised the in vitro properties of kinesin-8B motor domains from P. berghei and P. falciparum. Both motors drive ATP-dependent microtubule gliding, but also catalyse ATP-dependent microtubule depolymerisation. We determined these motors’ microtubule-bound structures using cryo-electron microscopy, which showed very similar modes of microtubule interaction in which Plasmodium-distinct sequences at the microtubule-kinesin interface influence motor function. Intriguingly however, P. berghei kinesin-8B exhibits a non-canonical structural response to ATP analogue binding such that neck linker docking is not induced. Nevertheless, the neck linker region is required for motility and depolymerisation activities of these motors. These data suggest that the mechanochemistry of Plasmodium kinesin-8Bs is functionally tuned to support flagella formation.
Electrically responsive photonic crystals with bistable states for low-power electrophoretic color displays
Authors: Fu Qianqian , Yu Wenyuan , Bao Guangyang , Ge Jianping 
Published: November 2022

AbstractElectrically responsive photonic crystals are promising materials for electrophoretic color displays with better brightness and color saturation. However, electric field must always be applied to maintain the specific colors, which brings concerns about the power consumption and signal stability and reversibility. Here, we show an electrically responsive photonic crystal with two stable states at 0 V, which are the colored state or the colorless state with ordered or disordered particle arrangement. The color state can be reversibly switched by applying a short-time electrical field, just like in the case of commercial electrophoretic ink. With optimized recipe and electric field, the photonic crystals encapsulated in the prototype display panel are proved to have potentials in high resolution, multi-color, and greyscale display, which lays down a firm basis for reflective displays with low power consumption and good visibility.
Microfluidic vortex focusing for high throughput synthesis of size-tunable liposomes
Authors: Han Jung Yeon , La Fiandra Joseph N. , DeVoe Don L. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractControl over vesicle size during nanoscale liposome synthesis is critical for defining the pharmaceutical properties of liposomal nanomedicines. Microfluidic technologies capable of size-tunable liposome generation have been widely explored, but scaling these microfluidic platforms for high production throughput without sacrificing size control has proven challenging. Here we describe a microfluidic-enabled process in which highly vortical flow is established around an axisymmetric stream of solvated lipids, simultaneously focusing the lipids while inducing rapid convective and diffusive mixing through application of the vortical flow field. By adjusting the individual buffer and lipid flow rates within the system, the microfluidic vortex focusing technique is capable of generating liposomes with precisely controlled size and low size variance, and may be operated up to the laminar flow limit for high throughput vesicle production. The reliable formation of liposomes as small as 27 nm and mass production rates over 20 g/h is demonstrated, offering a path toward production-scale liposome synthesis using a single continuous-flow vortex focusing device.
Vortex dynamics in the two-dimensional BCS-BEC crossover
Authors: Heyl Max , Adachi Kyosuke , Itahashi Yuki M. , Nakagawa Yuji , Kasahara Yuichi , List-Kratochvil Emil J. W. , Kato Yusuke , Iwasa Yoshihiro 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe Bardeen–Cooper–Schrieffer (BCS) condensation and Bose–Einstein condensation (BEC) are the two limiting ground states of paired Fermion systems, and the crossover between these two limits has been a source of excitement for both fields of high temperature superconductivity and cold atom superfluidity. For superconductors, ultra-low doping systems like graphene and LixZrNCl successfully approached the crossover starting from the BCS-side. These superconductors offer new opportunities to clarify the nature of charged-particles transport towards the BEC regime. Here we report the study of vortex dynamics within the crossover using their Hall effect as a probe in LixZrNCl. We observed a systematic enhancement of the Hall angle towards the BCS-BEC crossover, which was qualitatively reproduced by the phenomenological time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau (TDGL) theory. LixZrNCl exhibits a band structure free from various electronic instabilities, allowing us to achieve a comprehensive understanding of the vortex Hall effect and thereby propose a global picture of vortex dynamics within the crossover. These results demonstrate that gate-controlled superconductors are ideal platforms towards investigations of unexplored properties in BEC superconductors.