bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Therapeutic Effect of Resectoscopic Surgery on 90 Cases of Cesarean Scar Pregnancy
Authors: Ezzati Sareh , Tanha Fatemeh Davari , Saeidi Sarah , Ebrahimi Mahbod , Feizabad Elham 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Introduction: Although the prevalence of cesarean scar pregnancy (CSP) is rare, its complications can be life threatening. It seems there is a force need for a treatment that has the minimum chance of massive blood loss and injury to the uterus with fertility preservation in these cases. Hence, the current study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of resectoscopic surgery treatment in cesarean scar pregnancy.Methods: This single-arm interventional study was conducted on 90 patients with the diagnosis of CSP at a tertiary university-based hospital from April 2019 to 2021.Results: The mean age of patients was 30.90±6.05 years with ranges of 18 to 45. The average gestational age at diagnosis time was 7.27±2.06 weeks and baseline myometrial thickness mean was 1.46±0.56 mm. In near half of the cases, the baseline β-hCG was lower than 10000 IU/ml. About 48 hours after study intervention, the β-hCG mean level decreased significantly (p-value=0.009), 34965.97±104670.23 to 6264.12±8622.93 IU/ml. For all patients except two, at least a 30% decline in baseline β-hCG was reached, and in most cases, this decrease was more than 50%. Although the Hb mean level decreased significantly (p-value<0.001) after study intervention, 12.87±1.63 to 11.27±1.88 g/dL, this decline was lower than 50% in all study patients, and in half of cases it was less than 10%.Conclusion: It seems resectoscopy, in patients with CSP, can rapidly reduce serum β-hCG concentration without any significant blood loss or organ injury, as well as decline hospital stay length; hence, it may be suggested as a safe, non-expensive strategy in CSP management.
Morphine and dexamethasone-incorporated cocktail regimen for postoperative pain in patients undergoing primary total knee arthroplasty: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Gong Jian , Li Yuancheng , Liu Shi , Xu Cui , Gong Ying 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: This study was conducted to evaluate the pain-reducing efficacy and safety of morphine and dexamethasone-incorporated cocktail regimen in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA).Methods: This study enrolled 213 patients and randomly assigned them to one of three groups. Group I patients were injected with morphine, dexamethasone, bupivacaine, flurbiprofen axetil, and normal saline. Patients in group II were injected with dexamethasone, bupivacaine, flurbiprofen axetil, and normal saline. Patients in group III were administered bupivacaine, flurbiprofen axetil, and normal saline. To compare the pain-controlling efficiency, the visual analog scale (VAS) score and active and passive range of movement (ROM) were recorded and evaluated. The following side effects were monitored: headache, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, wound leakage, and wound infection.Results: Group I patients had the lowest VAS and the highest active and passive ROM. The VAS reduced from day one to four, but the ROM increased conversely. Group II patients had a smaller reduction in VAS and a smaller increase in ROM, compared with the patients in group III. The following side effects were not recorded: headache, dizziness, nausea, and vomiting. Wound leakage was observed in four patients in group I (two patients) and group II (two patients). There was no statistical intergroup difference (p = 0.85). No wound infection symptoms were detected.Conclusions: Morphine and dexamethasone-incorporated cocktail regimen efficiently reduced postoperative pain in patients undergoing primary TKA.Trial registration: Randomized controlled trial ISRCTN25027558, registered retrospectively on 27/02/2022. ( https://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN25027558)
High endogenous phytohormone concentrations are present in cucumber fruit apoplasts
Authors: Kojima Kiyohide 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Apoplast (AP) and symplast (SY) solutions were collected by centrifugation from sections of cucumber fruit pulp and placenta. Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), abscisic acid (ABA), trans-zeatin (tZ), isopentenyladenine (iP), jasmonic acid (JA), methyl jasmonic acid (MeJA), gibberellin 1 (GA 1 ), and gibberellin 4 (GA 4 ) in AP solution, SY solution, and pericarp tissue were simultaneously quantified by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). IAA concentrations were 4.0 times higher in AP solution than in SY solution in the placenta and 6.5 times higher in AP solution than in SY solution in the flesh. tZ concentrations were 2 times higher in AP solution than in SY solution in the placenta and 5.5 times higher in AP solution than in SY solution in the flesh. iP concentrations were 2 times higher in AP solution than in SY solution in the placenta and 5.5 times higher in AP solution than in SY solution in the flesh. The concentration of GA 1 was 8 times higher than that of SY solution in the placenta and 3.5 times higher than that of SY solution in the flesh. The concentration of ABA in the placenta was 1.5 times higher than that in SY solution, and that in the flesh was 2 times higher than that in SY solution. The concentrations of the major phytohormones quantified in cucumber fruit were higher in AP solution than in SY solution in both the flesh and placenta.
Rational development of a combined mRNA vaccine against COVID-19 and influenza
Authors: Qin Cheng-Feng , Ye Qing , Wu Mei , Zhou Chao , Lu Xi-Shan , Zhang Ning , Zhao Hui , Chi Hang , Zhang Xiaojing , Ling Dandan , Zhang Rong-Rong , Luo Dan , Huang Yi , Qiu Hongying , Xu Ke , Ying Bo , Song Haifeng , Li Zhuofan 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
As the world continues to experience the COVID-19 pandemic, seasonal influenza remain a cause of severe morbidity and mortality globally. Worse yet, coinfection with SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A virus (IAV) leads to more severe clinical outcomes. The development of a combined vaccine against both COVID-19 and influenza is thus of high priority. Based on our established lipid nanoparticle (LNP)-encapsulated mRNA vaccine platform, we developed and characterized a novel mRNA vaccine encoding the HA antigen of influenza A (H1N1) virus, termed ARIAV. Then, ARIAV was combined with our COVID-19 mRNA vaccine ARCoV, which encodes the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 S protein, to formulate the final combined vaccine, AR-CoV/IAV. Further characterization demonstrated that immunization with two doses of AR-CoV/IAV elicited robust protective antibodies as well as antigen-specific cellular immune responses against SARS-CoV-2 and IAV. More importantly, AR-CoV/IAV immunization protected mice from coinfection with IAV and the SARS-CoV-2 Alpha and Delta variants. Our results highlight the potential of the LNP-mRNA vaccine platform in preventing COVID-19 and influenza, as well as other respiratory diseases.
Experimental Study on Titanium Alloy Cutting Property and Wear Mechanism with Circular-arc Milling Cutters
Authors: Chen Tao , Liu Gang , Liu Jiaqiang , Xiao Hui , Li Chunhui , Liu Xianli 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Titanium alloy has been applied in the field of aerospace manufacturing for its high specific strength and hardness. Nonetheless, these properties also cause general problems in the machining, such as processing inefficiency, serious wear, poor workpiece face quality, etc. Aiming at the above problems, this paper carried out a comparative experimental study on titanium alloy milling based on the CAMC and BEMC. The variation law of cutting force and surface quality of the two tools was obtained, and the wear mechanism was analyzed. The conclusion is that in contrast with BEMC, under the action of cutting thickness thinning mechanism, the force of CAMC was less, and its fluctuation was more stable. The flank wear was uniform and near the cutting edge, and the wear rate was slower. In the early period, the wear mechanism of CAMC was mainly adhesion. Gradually, oxidative wear also occurred with milling. Furthermore, the surface residual height of CAMC was lower. There is no obvious peak and trough accompanied with less surface defects.
In Vivo Evaluation of the Adjuvant-Free Influenza Nucleoprotein Vaccine
Authors: Torabi Ali , Farahmand Behrokh , Zolfaghari Mohammad Reza , Fotouhi Fatemeh , Zargar Mohsen 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: The influenza virus's Nucleoprotein (NP) is a highly conserved protein used in vaccine design. Alum, besides its neurotoxicity, is a commonly used adjuvant. Objectives: We tested the NP's efficacy as an alum-free flu vaccine. Methods: The recombinant vector (NP-pET-28a) was expressed in a prokaryotic system. Then, the immunogenicity of NP, alone or with alum, was evaluated in Balb/C mice by measuring IgGs (total and subtypes), interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), and interleukin-4 (IL-4) production and animal surveillance. Results: NP+Alum has 71.4% animal surveillance, whereas NP had 57.1%. While NP+Alum produced considerable IgGs, IFN-, and IL-4, NP alone showed promising effects. Conclusion: The NP alone may give adequate protection against the H1N1 strain of Influenza A.
Comparison Between Freehand and Needle Guide Techniques for Teaching Percutaneous Renal Biopsy on a Synthetic Model: a Randomised Controlled Trial
Authors: Downie Elizabeth , Makris Angela , Narayanan Govind , Aravindan Ananthakrishnapuram , Spicer Stephen T , Nandakoban Hari , Mac Kathy , Wong Jeffrey KW 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Percutaneous renal biopsy is an essential diagnostic tool in nephrology. There are two common variations: the freehand and the needle guide methods. Using the freehand method, the needle and ultrasound probe can move independently. With the needle guide method, the needle is held in alignment with the ultrasound probe by the needle guide, and the needle path anticipated by predictive throw lines. This study aims to compare the two techniques for teaching the skill of ultrasound guided percutaneous renal biopsy on native kidneys.Methods: A single-center prospective, randomised controlled trial of junior medical staff was conducted at a metropolitan hospital. Participants were randomised to either the freehand or needle guide groups. Participants underwent standardised education, and then attempted a renal biopsy on a synthetic model, which was assessed by a senior interventional nephrologist. Assessors and participants completed an assessment of the difficulty of multiple elements of the procedure. The primary outcome was the combination of both the safety and the adequacy of the biopsy attempt. Secondary outcomes included the proportion of inferior pole biopsies, biopsies with adequate needle visualisation, and adequate biopsies; total procedural time and subjective participant and assessor assessments. Analyses were undertaken with SPSS.Results: After randomisation (n=91), using a hierarchical conditional backward logistic regression model, use of a needle guide increased the likelihood of the primary outcome (adjusted RR 3.2 (95% CI 1.1-9.6; p=0.036)) as did previous ultrasound experience (adjusted RR 3.1 (95% CI 1.0-9.5; p=0.049)) and male gender (adjusted RR 4.4 (95% CI 1.5-12.9; p=0.007)). Total procedure time was shorter in the needle guide group (p=0.01). Conclusions: Among novice operators learning percutaneous renal biopsy, needle guide use, ultrasound experience and male sex were associated with the primary outcome of a safe and adequate biopsy. The use of a needle guide was associated with a shorter procedural time. There was no association between use of a needle guide and performing an adequate biopsy. Trial registration: The trial was prospectively registered with the Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry on 11/02/20 (ACTRN12620000132943p).
Identification and Characterization of The Gene Profile in Diabetes Induced Erectile Dysfunction Rat Model
Authors: Zhu Zhiguo , Li Xiaoli , Cao Xiande , Qin Huisheng , Yue Dong , Liu Deqian , Tan Guigeng , Xuan Xujun , Zhu Haizhou 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background: Genes are differentially expressed in diabetes induced erectile dysfunction (DED); however, there is still a lack of systematic and in-depth understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms of DED. This study aimed to systematically analyze molecular correlates leading to ED in diabetes by bioinformatics analysis, and provide new insights into the mechanism of DED.Results: A total of 800 differentially expressed genes (DEGs, 407 upregulated and 393 downregulated) were identified in the diabetic-induced ED samples compared with the control group. The upregulated DEGs were mainly enriched in glucose and lipid metabolism-related pathways, and the downregulated DEGs were primarily enriched in tissue development and structure. The dysregulated extracellular matrix genes (especially related to collagen and elastin) may be closely related to the damage of erectile function of the corpus cavernosum. Sixteen hub genes (6 upregulated, 10 downregulated) and 24 modules were detected buy hub gene and MCODE analysis. Protein phosphorylation might play an important role in DED. Furthermore, 20 TFs targeting DEGs were identified by ChEA3.Conclusions: Our research comprehensively and systematically described the molecular characteristics of DED, and suggested that dysregulated extracellular matrix genes and protein phosphorylation may play critical roles in DED.
Covid-19 social distancing: when less is more
Authors: Neuwirth Christian , Gruber Christoph 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Covid-19 is the first digitally documented pandemic in history, presenting a unique opportunity to learn how to best deal with similar crises in the future. In this study we have carried out a model-based evaluation of the effectiveness of social distancing, using Austria and Slovenia as examples. Whereas the majority of comparable studies have postulated a negative relationship between the stringency of social distancing (reduction in social contacts) and the scale of the epidemic, our model has suggested a sinusoidal relationship, with tipping points at which the system changes its predominant regime from ‘less social distancing – more cumulative deaths and infections’ to ‘less social distancing – fewer cumulative deaths and infections’. This relationship was found to persist in scenarios with distinct seasonal variation in transmission and limited national intensive care capabilities. In such situations, relaxing social distancing during low transmission seasons (spring and summer) was found to relieve pressure from high transmission seasons (fall and winter) thus reducing the total number of infections and fatalities. Strategies that take into account this relationship could be particularly beneficial in situations where long-term containment is not feasible.
Cytotoxic effects of Gamma Irradiation on Aspergillus occultus MN259598 strain to augment biological copper nanoparticle synthesis and to corroborate antibacterial properties on food- borne pathogens
Authors: Mallick Rathijit , Dass Regina Sharmila , Mahata Pranab Kumar , Ghose Mayukhmita 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The current scientific study focuses on the effects of gamma irradiation on fungal isolate Aspergillus occultus MN259598 strain to monitor the efficacy of extracellular Copper nanoparticle (CuNP) synthesis using Copper acetate as the starting material through a biological route. This study is a first report of Gamma irradiation being employed in order to document the possible role of irradiational stress in nanoparticles synthesis in Aspergillus occultus MN259598. Gamma irradiation doses of 0.66 Gy, 0.99 Gy, 1.33 Gy, 1.66 Gy and 1.99 Gy were used for the induction of physiological changes. Macromorphological alterations of the mycelia were observed when grown in broth medium. The lethalities and fungal architectural distortions observed as a part of the study profile of micromorphological characteristics of the irradiated organism were documented. The irradiated fungal cell free extracts (CFE) were used for the production of biogenic CuNPs through optimization studies. Simultaneously, the CFE of the wild type strain was also used for the NP synthesis. The particles were characterized employing UV-Visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometry, Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), Fourier Transform InfraRed spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and X- Ray Diffraction (XRD) analyses. Sizes of the NPs of treated (66.3 nm) and wild type strain (300 nm approx.) were found to differ enormously. The antimicrobial activity of CuNPs was determined using different food-borne pathogenic bacteria namely Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus and Listeria monocytogenes.
Systematic Review of Acupuncture and Moxibustion in Colorectal Cancer Care: A Synthesis of the Evidence
Authors: Xu Hongxiao , Zhu Lu , Hang Yan , Wu Luyi , Li Guona , Gu Muen , Gong Yabin , Liu Huirong , Li Jing , Huan-gan WU 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose The object of this article was to assess the efficacy and safety of acupuncture and moxibustion therapy for patients recovering after surgical resection of Colorectal Cancer (CRC).Methods We systematically searched eight databases from the establishment of the database to October 2021 for randomized clinical trials (RCTs). We used the Cochrane risk of bias (ROB) tool to assess the ROB and the RevMan 5.3 for data analysis. The certainty of outcomes was summarized using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE).Results Twenty-seven studies involving the recovery of GI function met the inclusion criteria. There was significant variability and a high or unknown ROB. For certain outcomes reflecting physiological recovery, in comparison to sham acupuncture or usual care, acupuncture had a clear therapeutic effect, as measured by the time to first flatus [MD=−13.87, 95% CI (−17.82, −9.93), I2 =94%, p<0.00001], time to first defecation [MD=−15.25, 95% CI (−19.76, −10.75), I2 =94%, p<0.00001] and time to first bowel sounds [MD=−8.56, 95% CI (10.9, −6.23) I2 =91%, p<0.00001). Five studies reported possible adverse events of acupuncture and moxibustion, while the other studies did not premeditate adverse events.Conclusion Acupuncture and moxibustion are appropriate adjunctive treatments for postoperative GI function and they improve other symptoms, such as postoperative pain, to a certain extent for patients with CRC. For other symptoms, the efficacy remains uncertain due to a high ROB among studies. Future research should focus on not only more rigorous, well-designed and larger RCTs but also on assessing the biological mechanisms.
Methodological Approach for Climate Simulations Selection for Climate Change Impact Studies
Authors: Meliho Modeste , Braun Marco , Khattabi Abdellatif , Orlando Collins Ashianga 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This study builds on previous studies and proposes a combined approach for shortlisting and selecting representative climate simulations for impact studies in the Souss watershed in Morocco. The selection procedure consists of selecting climate simulations on the basis of predicted changes in means and extremes, climate model performance in simulating past climate and bias correction. Unlike the selection methods proposed in the literature that begin with a pre-selection of simulations based on changes in means, the approach recommended in this study involves an initial pre-selection of simulations by the ability of the models to simulate the base period climate. The proposed procedure involved selecting a set of general circulation models (GCMs) from the Phase 5 Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) and regional climate models (RCMs) from the Coordinated Regional Downscaling Experiment (CORDEX) project to project spatiotemporal changes in precipitation and temperature for the RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios. Climate changes between 1975–2005 and 2066–2095 were analyzed for the watershed. By 2066–2095, precipitation is projected to decrease by -12.2 to -30.1% under the RCP4.5 scenario and by -5.2 to -65.4% under the RCP8.5 scenario. Mean temperature is projected to increase by 2.3 to 2.6°C under RCP4.5 and by 4.4 to 4.7% under RCP8.5. For both scenarios, a decline in precipitation is projected while temperature is expected to increase. The Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI) revealed that the Souss watershed, characterized by incipient drought during the historical period, will experience mild and moderate drought in 2066–2095 under the RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios, respectively.
Land Surface Temperature Detection in Relation to Land Use Land Cover Change: The Case of Jimma City and It’s Surroundings, Jimma Zone, Southwest, Ethiopia
Authors: Tsegaye Nigus Tekleselassie , Melka Girma Alemu 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Introduction:-Unmanaged land use and land cover change are major environmental issues that have a significant impact on the urbanization and agricultural development processes. The temperature of the land surface is rising as a result of this shift in land cover. The current study assesses the effect of changes in land use and land cover (LULC) on land surface temperature in Jimma and its surroundings. LULC, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Normalized Difference Built-up Index (NDBI), and Land Surface Temperature (LST) were extracted from Landsat 5 TM (1987), Landsat 7 ETM+ (2003), and Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS (2019) using digital image processing techniques. Change detection techniques were used to analyze LULC changes from 1987 to 2019. This study also analyzes the effect of NDVI and NDBI on LST between 1987 and 2019 with 368 sample points selected by stratified random sampling and using a multiple linear regression model. Result:- The result showed that during the study period 1987-2019, agricultural land was the dominant land use which covered 54% of the study area. Settlement and agricultural land areas increased from 4.4% and 54.58% in 1987 to 12.27% and 62.40% in 2019 with the mean increase in land surface temperature from 20.53°C and 19.59°C to 33.60°C and 25.82°C, respectively. Forest cover, shrub land, water body, and wetland show decreasing trend. Correlation results of LST and NDBI have shown a strong positive relationship i.e. R2 = 0.754 in 1987, 0.754 in 2003, and 0.739 in 2019, whereas strong negative correlations were found between LST and NDVI i.e. R2 = 0.701, 0.737, and 0.746 in each year. The relationship between NDVI & NDBI was also developed and is showing a strong negative correlation i.e. R2 = 0.739, 0.860, and 0.801. Conclusion:- Hence, it was recommended that to reduce the land surface temperature, sustainable land use planning strategies that include increasing the vegetated areas and embracing other green initiatives such as the afforestation program should be adopted.