bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Caregiver burden among family members of patients diagnosed with cancer in Jimma medical center oncology unit, south west Ethiopia.
Authors: Fufa Bikila Dereje , Bezabih Misgana Bezabih , Beyene Desalew Tilahun 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background

Cancer is a type of disease defined by uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells, which can result in death. Globally, around 25 million people are surviving with it. The burden of cancer is growing in developing countries and it frequently comprises patient’s vitality. In addition, it has emotional, economical, physical and psychological burden on family, friends, significant others, community and other social resource.
Objective

To assess caregiver burden of cancer patients in Jimma medical center oncology unit, South west Ethiopia.
Method

An institutional based cross-sectional study design was employed. The study was done on 141 respondents using simple random sampling. A pretested semi structured interviewer administered questionnaire was used to collect the data. The collected data was entered in to EPI data version 3.1 then transferred to SPSS version 23 for data analysis. Multivariable logistic regression model was fitted, Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) at 95% confidence interval and p-value <0.05 were estimated to determine statistically association between predictors and outcome variables.
Results

The data were collected from the total of 141 respondents with 100% response rate. The mean ±SD age of cancer patients and care givers were 46.4 ±12.406 and 32 ± 11.23 years, respectively. The general level of caregiver burden in this study was mild to moderate (71.6%) with ZBI total score of 30 and by using CBI114 (80.9%) had some burden. Caregivers whose their age is greater than 40 years were 4.01 times more likely have high burden than those age between 20-40 old age [AOR=4.01, 95%CI (1.58, 10.17)].
Conclusion

The study disclosed a moderate level of caregiver burden among family caregivers.
Mapping Human Papillomavirus, Epstein-Barr Virus, Cytomegalovirus, Adenovirus, And P16 In Laryngeal Cancer
Authors: Schindele Alexandra , Holm Anna , Nylander Karin , Allard Annika , Olofsson Katarina 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Apart from tobacco and alcohol, viral infections are proposed as risk factors for laryngeal cancer. The occurrence of oncogenic viruses including human papilloma virus (HPV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) varies in the world. Carcinogenesis is a multi-step process, and the role of viruses in LSCC progression has not been clarified. We aimed to analyze the presence and co-expression of HPV, EBV, human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) and human adenovirus (HAdV) in LSCC. We also investigated if p16 can act as surrogate marker for HPV in LSCC. Methods: Combined PCR/microarrays (PapilloCheck®) were used for detection and genotyping of HPV DNA, real time-PCR for EBV, HCMV and HAdV DNA detection, and EBER in situ hybridization (EBER-ISH) for EBV detection in tissue from 78 LSCC patients. Additionally, we analyzed p16 expression with immunohistochemistry.Results: Thirty-three percent (26/78) of LSCC tumor samples were EBV positive, 9% (7/78) HCMV positive and 4% (3/78) HAdV positive. Due to DNA fragmentation, 45 samples could not be analyzed with PapilloCheck®; 9% of the remaining (3/33) were high-risk HPV16 positive and also over-expressed p16. A total of 14% (11/78) of the samples over-expressed p16.Conclusion: These findings present a mapping of HPV, EBV, HCMV and HAdV, including the HPV surrogate marker p16, in LSCC in this cohort. Except for EBV, which was detected in a third of the samples, data show viral infection to be uncommon, and that p16 does not appear to be a specific surrogate marker for high-risk HPV infection in LSCC.
Improving the Efficiency of Photoelectronic Converters
Authors: Malko Natalie 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The direction of work is the consideration of new principles of solar energy conversion, which involve solving such problems with solar cells as efficiency - what is: the level of efficiency, the high cost of structures associated with the use of rare elements, for example, such as indium and tellurium and mainly the need to use large areas.
Effects of nutritional intervention by feeding high-protein foods containing BCAA for improving locomotive syndrome: Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: NAKAMURA YOSHIHIRO , FUNAMOTO TARO , TAJIMA TAKUYA , KIMURA HIROYUKI , HAMADA KOICHIRO , CHOSA ETSUO 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
[Purpose] Exercise guidance is an effective measure against locomotive syndrome. Appropriate nutritional management is also considered necessary in order to maintain the motor function. This study is the first exploratory and prospective research on the effects of exercise guidance and feeding high-protein foods in order to improve locomotive syndrome, in elderly people. [Method] We conducted a survey regarding five items related to locomotorium on the basic checklist prepared by the Japanese Ministry of Health, among men and women in their 60s and over living in Miyazaki Prefecture. Participation was solicited from those who responded “applicable” to three or more items, with those who gave their consent assigned to a food + exercise intervention group (EF group), an exercise intervention group (EX group), and a control group (C group) for research. Motor function surveys such as interviews, questionnaire, and locomotive syndrome risk test were conducted at the start of the study and three months later. The EX and EF groups were instructed to carry out locomotion training, while the EF group was asked to ingest one bag of high-protein test food daily immediately following exercise. The participants carried an activity meter and kept a record of their life in a diary during the study period. The EX and EF groups were encouraged to make recordings in a diary and carry an activity meter, while also getting a regular telephone contact once a week. [Results] An improvement in the motor function was observed in the EX and EF group compared to the C group via Locomotive syndrome risk testing. While the muscle mass decreased significantly during the study period in the C and EX group, no significant change was observed in limbs/trunk muscle mass in the EF group. [Conclusion] The locomotion training improved the results of the Locomotive syndrome risk testing. Although muscle mass decreased with exercise guidance alone, muscle mass loss was suppressed by feeding high-protein foods in addition to exercise. We conclude that feeding high-protein foods is useful for improving motor function and maintaining muscle mass, in addition to exercise guidance, as a measure against locomotive syndrome in elderly.
Uncovering the role of G9a modulatory landscape promoting neuronal plasticity and neuroprotection in Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Bellver-Sanchis Aina , Ávila-López Pedro , Companys-Alemany Júlia , Navarro Gemma , Marsal-García Laura , Larramona-Arcas Raquel , Miró Lluïsa , Pérez Anna , Ortuño-Sahagún Daniel , Choudhary Bhanwar , Soriano Francesc , Pallàs Mercè , Ferré Christian 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Epigenetic alterations are a fundamental pathological hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Herein, we uncover the unknown G9a modulation pathways involved in AD, showing the upregulation of G9a and H3K9me2 in the brains of AD patients. Likewise, treatment with a G9a inhibitor in SAMP8 mice reversed the high levels of H3K9me2 and rescued the cognitive decline. Interestingly, a transcriptional profile analysis revealed induction of neuronal plasticity and a reduction of oxidative stress and neuroinflammation; the latter being also validated in cell cultures. Furthermore, an exploratory H3K9me2 ChIP-seq analysis demonstrated that during G9a inhibition treatment, the H3K9me2 mark is enriched at the promoter of genes associated with neural functions. Lastly, we showed in Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) AD transgenic strains, similar epigenetic modifications and modulated pathways were altered with increased β-amyloid levels, which were reverted by the set-25 (in C. elegans is similar to the mammalian G9a protein) knockout, including the cognitive impairment. Therefore, our findings confirm that RNAi suppression of set-25 or pharmacological G9a inhibition promotes a positive outcome in AD, being a promising therapeutic strategy.
Creating a Scientific Solution: Local Problem Solving in the Portuguese Health Examination Survey: A Mixed Method Study
Authors: Lyshol Heidi , Gil Ana Paula , Tolonen Hanna , Namorado Sónia , Kislaya Irina , Barreto Marta , Antunes Liliana , Gaio Vânia , Santos Ana João Carvalho da Silva , Rodrigues Ana P. Ambrosio , Dias Carlos 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
BackgroundParticipation rates in health surveys, recognized as an important quality dimension, have been declining over the years, which may affect representativeness and confidence in results. The Portuguese national health examination survey INSEF (2015) achieved a participation rate of 43.9%, which is in line with participation rates from other similar health examination surveys. The objective of this article is to describe strategies used by the local teams to increase participation rates and to solve practical survey problems.MethodsAfter a literature search, informal interviews were conducted with 14 public health officials from local health examination teams, regional and central authorities. 41 of the local staff members also filled in a short questionnaire anonymously. The interviews and self-administered questionnaires were analysed using mixed methods, informed by thematic analysis.ResultsThe local teams believed that the detailed manual, described as a "cookbook for making a health examination survey", made it possible to maintain high scientific standards while allowing for improvising solutions to problems in the local context. The quality of the manual, supported by a series of training workshops with the central research and support team, gave the teams the confidence and knowledge to implement local solutions. Motivation and cohesion within the local teams were among the goals of the training process. Local teams felt empowered by being given large responsibilities and worked hard to incite people to attend the examination through a close and persuasive approach.Local teams praised their INSA contacts for being available for assistance throughout the survey, and said they were inspired to try harder to reach participants to please their contacts for interpersonal reasons.ConclusionsThe theory of organizational improvisation or bricolage, which means using limited resources to solve problems, was useful to discuss and understand what took place during INSEF.A detailed manual covering standard procedures, continuous monitoring of the data collection and face-to-face workshops, including role-play, were vital to assure high scientific standards and high participation rates in this health examination survey. Close contacts between the central team and local focal points in all regions and all survey sites were key to accommodating unexpected challenges and innovative solutions.
Primary Cement Debris After Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Yadav Ajit , Manohar Mithun , R Kesavan A 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Polyethylene wear is accelerated by third body cement debris and contributes to aseptic loosening after knee arthroplasty. Saline irrigation with pulse lavage is expected to render the joint free of such particles. The purpose of this study is to qualitatively characterize such primary cement debris remaining in the knee joint after cemented total knee arthroplasty and briefly discuss ways to decrease it further.
Integration of Systematic Screening for Tuberculosis in Outpatient Departments of Urban Primary Health-Care Facilities in Zambia: A Case Study of Kitwe District
Authors: Zulu Davy Wadula , Silumbwe Adam , Maritim Patricia , Zulu Joseph Mumba 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background

Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of death from a single infectious agent globally, yet 3 million cases are missed every year. The World Health Organization recommends systematic screening of suspected active TB patients among those visiting the healthcare facilities. While many countries have scaled-up systematic screening of TB, there has been limited assessment of the extent of its integration into the health system. This study sought to explore factors that shaped the integration of systematic screening of TB in outpatient departments of primary healthcare facilities in Kitwe district, Zambia.
Methods

This was a qualitative case study with health providers including district managers, TB focal point persons and laboratory personnel working in six purposively selected primary healthcare facilities. Data was collected through key informant (n=8) and in-depth (n=15) interviews. Data analysis was conducted using QDA Miner software and guided by Atun’s Integration framework.
Results

Integration was facilitated by perceptions of the magnitude of the TB burden, alignment of the intervention with national TB aspirations, knowledge of stakeholder interests, power and values, regular performance management and intra-facility collaboration. Constraining factors included external partners’ influence in the TB screening program, unbalanced incentivization mechanisms, donor-driven financing and social determinants of health such as gender and stigma including the COVID-19 pandemic.
Conclusion

Systematic screening of TB is not well integrated into the primary healthcare facilities to capture all those suspected with active TB that make contact with the health system. Finding the missing TB cases will, therefore, require contextual adaptation of the systematic screening for TB and strengthening the health system.
Ag-TiO2 Nanoparticles-catalyzed Three-component Synthesis of 12-aryl-
8,9,10,12-tetrahydrobenzo[a]-Xanthen-11-ones in Aqueous Medium
Authors: Vahdat Seyed Mohammad , Omran Mahsa Lotfi , Barforosh Farhosh Kiani 
Published: January 2022

Background:
Ag-TiO2 nanoparticles catalyzed synthesis of 12-aryl-8,9,10,12-
tetrahydrobenzo[a]-xanthen-11-ones have been enhanced via a three-component one-pot reaction
betweenβ-naphthol, several aldehydes and dimedone in H2O at room temperature. Xanthenes are
essential intermediates in chemistry owing to their vast difference in biological activity.

Methods:
This process offered significant advantages containing appropriate cost efficiency, low
amount of the catalyst, application of low-cost available Ag-TiO2 nanoparticles catalyst, purification
of the product by non-chromatographic method, easy process, good atom economy, simple
isolation and reusability of nanocatalyst.

Result:
Ag-TiO2 nanoparticles catalyst shows easy access to Xanthenes with appropriate yields in
short reaction time and purity. This nanoparticles catalyst was recycled and recovered by easy filtration
and was reused up to five times with only an unimportant loss in its catalytic efficacy.

Conclusion:
This method achieves to have a numerous scope relating to the difference in the aldehydes.
Correspondingly, the attractiveness of this research was that H2O was the only by-product.
Imidazole: Multi-targeted Therapeutic Leads for the Management of
Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Dhingra Ashwani K. , Chopra Bhawna , Jain Akash , Chaudhary Jasmine 
Published: January 2022

Background:
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a multifactorial disorder coupled with an array
of neuropathological mechanisms, including tau phosphorylation, Aβ aggregation, metal ion deregulation,
and oxidative stress, along with neuro-inflammation. The clinically available drugs for the management
of AD include four acetylcholinesterase inhibitors and one glutamatergic antagonist. These
agents provide only temporary relief from the symptoms by altering the neurotransmitter level in the
brain.

Objective:
Keeping in view the focus on research, the numerous pharmacological activities associated
with the aromatic diazole heterocyclic nucleus, imidazole, triggered the medicinal chemist to develop
a large number of novel anti-AD compounds targeting multiple pathological mechanisms associated
with AD. These prepared analogs represent a higher potential against neurological disorders, including
AD. This review article aims an ornately pronounce the therapeutic voyage of imidazole and its
analogs as anti-AD.

Methods:
It emphasizes the synthesized imidazole derivatives as anti-AD with multiple targets reviewed
from the data available on Pubmed.

Results:
These compounds diminish the pathophysiological aspects of AD; still, further studies are
required to prove the safety and efficacy of these compounds in humans.

Conclusion:
The review aims to provide knowledge and highlight the status of this moiety in the design
and development of novel drug candidates against Alzheimer’s disease conditions. Thus, it paves
the way for further work.
An Efficient Protocol for the Synthesis of new Camphor Pyrimidine and Camphor
Thiazole Derivatives using Conventional and Microwave Irradiation Techniques and In
vitro Evaluation as Potential Antimicrobial Agents
Authors: Abo-Bakr Ahmed M. , Hassan Entesar A. , Zayed Salem E. , Mahdy Al-Hassan S. 
Published: January 2022

Background:
A series of new pyrimidines and thiazoles containing camphor moiety were synthesized under both conventional and microwave irradiation techniques.

Methods:
The condensation of camphor either with aminoguanidine or thiosemicarbazide gives the camphor hydrazine carboximidiamide 2 and the camphor thiosemicarbazone 3, respectively. Refluxing of 3 with chloroacetonitrile afforded the camphor thiazol-4-imine 4. Compounds 2 and 4 were used as precursors for the synthesis of target products.

Results:
The reaction of 2 with different species such as arylidene malononitrile, acetylacetone, and ethyl acetoacetate gave the corresponding camphor pyrimidine derivatives 5a,b-7 while refluxing of compound 4 with different reagents e.g. aldehydes, isatin, ninhydrin, acetic anhydride, benzene sulphonyl chloride, and p-nitro-benzoyl chloride afforded the camphor thiazole derivatives 8a-d-13, respectively.

Conclusion:
A comparison between the conventional and the eco-friendly microwave irradiation methods occurred during the synthesis of the same compounds, and the latter proved to be more efficient. The elemental analysis, FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and Mass spectra confirm the structures of the obtained new compounds. The potential use of some selected derivatives as antimicrobial agents was investigated and gave promising results.
Review on Acrylamide: A Hidden Hazard in Fried Carbohydrate-rich
Food
Authors: Iyer Aditya Manivannan , Dadlani Vedika , Pawar Harshal Ashok 
Published: January 2022

Abstract:
Acrylamide is classified as a hazard whose formation in carbohydrate-rich food
cooked at a high temperature has created much interest in the scientific community. The review
attempts to comprehend the chemistry and mechanisms of formation of acrylamide and its levels
in popular foods. A detailed study of the toxicokinetics and biochemistry, carcinogenicity,
neurotoxicity, genotoxicity, interaction with biomolecules, and its effects on reproductive
health has been presented. The review outlines the various novel and low-cost conventional as
well as newer analytical techniques for the detection of acrylamide in foods with the maximum
permissible limits. Various effective approaches that can be undertaken in industries and
households for the mitigation of levels of acrylamide in foods have also been discussed. This
review will assist in providing an in-depth understanding of acrylamide that will make it simpler
to assess the risk to human health from the consumption of foods containing low amounts
of acrylamide.
Pengaruh regulasi emosi kognitif terhadap depresi pada mahasiswa tingkat akhir dimasa pandemi covid-19
Authors: Maslita Vira Qoyyum , Saraswati Putri , Hijrianti Udi Rosida 
Published: January 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected people’s mental health, especially in the education sector. One of the mental health problems that often occur in students who are completing their final assignments are symptoms of depression. Cognitive emotion regulation is one capacity to overcome depression with the use of adaptive approach. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of cognitive emotion regulation on depression in final year students in Indonesia during the covid-19 pandemic. This study uses a quantitative approach. The research subjects were 349 final year students and their data were taken using an accidental sampling technique. Analysis of research data used the simple linear regression test. The results showed that there was a significant influence between cognitive emotion regulation and depression (p = 0.00). The effect of cognitive emotion regulation shown is 4.2% of the variance of depression.

Keywords: Cognitive emotion regulation, college students, covid-19, depression, final assignment
Representations of the Ideological Identity of Woman Characteristics in Commercial Advertisements
Authors: A.A. Sagung Diah Oka Yuniantari  , I Wayan Budiarta  , I Gusti Ayu Agung Dian Susanthi  
Published: January 2022

Commercial advertisement is a form of communication with the intention of promoting the sale of a particular product attached to a brand. The main strength of advertisement lies in the language and word choice (verbal signs), images (visual signs) as well as their creativity which is made as attractive as possible and followed by trends or phenomena that exist in the world, one of them is a gender issue. In commercial ads, woman is often shown referring to certain stereotypes so this research object is an advertisement that features woman as the main model. This research is focused on how advertising creates meanings regarding gender issues, especially for women through myth and ideology. Specifically, this research aims to describe the signs found in ads, the meaning of the signs, and ideological identity of the woman. The theory used in this research is the theory of semiotic by Roland Barthes (1991) and the theory of ideology by John Storey (2004). The data source of this research is commercial advertisements that have been shown on television. In collecting the data, the writer used the documentation method, observation method, and note taking technique. The collected data are classified based on their verbal and visual signs first. Then the data were analyzed based on denotative meaning, connotative meaning, myth, and representations of the ideological identity of woman produced by signs. The results of the analysis were presented by using formal and informal methods. Based on the results of the analysis, in Kondom Sutra ads there are two verbal signs in the form of dialog spoken by a woman and a man and there are six visual signs that produced denotative meaning and connotative meaning. The representation of ideological identity of woman that produced in this ads is, woman imagine as sensuality person. It shows from her sexy clothes, facial expressions like beating her lips and body curve that are able to arouse passion of the audiences.