bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phytochemical Analysis and Cytotoxic Activity of Hexane Extract from Lasiosphaera nipponica
Authors: Manoharan Karuppiah Pillai  
Published: June 2022

Lasiosphaera nipponica finds therapeutic applications as a hemostatic in the traditional Japanese and Chinese medicines. The present study aimed to analyse the phytochemical compositions of two fractions from a hexane extract of L. nipponica by GC-MS analysis and evaluate the cytotoxic activity of these two fractions and a pure compound viz. ergosterol peroxide by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT assay). A hexane extract from L. nipponica was obtained by maceration technique and silica gel column chromatography of this hexane extract led to obtain two fractions and three pure compounds. The two fractions were analysed for phytochemical compositions by GC-MS and the presence of fatty acids, esters of fatty acids and ethyl 9-oxononanoate were identified. Additionally, these two fractions were evaluated for cytotoxic activity in P388, HL60, MCF7, HepG2 and J82 cancer cell lines in culture by MTT assay. Fraction 1 showed good activity in P388 and HL60 cancer cell lines with IC50 values of 9.8 and 18.2 μg/mL, respectively. Fraction 2 also showed good activity in P388 and HL60 cancer cell lines with IC50 values of 19.4 and 16.2 μg/mL, respectively. However, these two fractions did not show any appreciable activity in MCF7, HepG2 and J82 cancer cell lines. The three pure compounds were characterised as n-hexadecanoic acid, n-octadecanoic acid and ergosterol peroxide by spectroscopic means. Of these three pure compounds, only ergosterol peroxide was evaluated for cytotoxic activity in HL60, HepG2 and J82 cancer cell lines. Ergosterol peroxide showed an IC50 value of 82.2 μM (35.1 μg/mL) in HL60 cancer cell lines but it did not show any appreciable activity in HepG2 and J82 cancer cell lines. n-Hexadecanoic acid and n-octadecanoic acid were not evaluated for cytotoxic activity since they obtained in small quantity. From this study, we concluded that the fractions from a hexane extract of L. nipponica have therapeutically important phytochemicals and they exhibited promising cytotoxic activity in P388 and HL60 cancer cell lines. Further studies on L. nipponica are required to explore its therapeutic applications.
Fake news et théories du complot en période(s) pandémique(s)
Authors: Giry Julien 
Published: June 2022

L’apparition et le développement de la pandémie de Covid-19 au début de l’année 2020 a donné lieu à la circulation dans l’espace public, en particulier numérique, de nombreux énoncés incertains voire douteux, parmi lesquels de véritables thèses conspirationnistes et fake news. Dès lors, l’enjeu de cet article est d’interroger, y com­pris dans leur profondeur historique, les conditions d’émergence et de circulation de ces énoncés performatifs qui constituent autant de mécanismes de régulation sociale et informationnelle alternatifs à la parole des autorités légitimes. Dans un premier temps, nous envisa­gerons comment la méconnaissance de la maladie nouvelle par les scientifiques, combinée à une communication des autorités politiques fluctuante et inaudible ainsi qu’un haut degré de défiance structurelle vis-à-vis des professionnels des médias et de la politique, a servi de « fenêtre d’opportunité » pour l’émergence de théories du complot et de fake news. Ensuite, nous verrons que ces dernières font largement écho à celles ayant déjà circulé lors des pandémies précédentes, depuis la fin du XIXe siècle au moins. Enfin, nous étudierons la manière dont ces énoncés ont circulé dans l’espace numérique, en particulier sur les réseaux sociaux.
L’université à la maison ou la plasticité de la vie privée en temps de Covid-19
Authors: Barats Christine , Wilhelm Carsten 
Published: June 2022

La pandémie de Covid-19 a renforcé la place du numérique et des pratiques en ligne dans tous les secteurs d’activité. L’enseignement en ligne s’est ainsi généralisé, transformant le home office – parfois désiré – en lieu de télétravail forcé. Cette situation inédite interroge les frontières et définitions de la vie privée. Une enquête menée en France auprès d’enseignant.e.s de l’enseignement supérieur a permis de prêter attention à la multidimensionnalité de la vie privée et au concept de privacy en contexte, que ce soit au regard du choix des outils, de la présentation de soi ou du rapport aux autres. La situation d’enseignement en ligne a ainsi conduit à des renégociations des frontières de la vie privée, soulignant sa plasticité et la diversité des pratiques y afférents.
Assessment of metabolic syndrome parameters in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia survivors
Authors: Kartal Ömer , Gürsel Orhan 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Objective:
This study aims to demonstrate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome parameters and to investigate their relationship with body mass index in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia survivors.

Methods:
The cross-sectional study was conducted between January and October 2019 at the Department of Pediatric Hematology and comprised acute lymphoblastic leukemia survivors who had been treated between 1995 and 2016 and had been off treatment for at least 2 years. The control group included 40 healthy participants who were matched for age and gender. The two groups were compared in terms of various parameters (BMI [body mass index], waist circumference, fasting plasma glucose, HOMA-IR [Homeostatic Model Assessment–Insulin Resistance], etc.). Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 21.

Results:
Of the 96 participants, 56 (58.3%) were survivors and 40 (41.6%) were controls. Among the survivors, there were 36 (64.3%) men, whereas the control group had 23 (57.5%) men. The mean age of the survivors was 16.67 ± 3.41 years, whereas the mean age of the controls was 15.51 ± 4.2 years (P > 0.05). Multinomial logistic regression analysis showed that cranial radiation therapy and female gender were associated with overweight and obesity (P < 0.05). A significant positive correlation was found between BMI and fasting insulin, in survivors (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
Disorders of the metabolic parameter were found to be more common among acute lymphoblastic leukemia survivors than among healthy controls.
Comparative Assessment of Salivary Flow Rates Among Reverse Smokers and Smokers Using Modified Schirmer Test
Authors: Ameer Shaik , Mamatha B , Chikte Diksha , Damera Ajit , Kumar Yellarthi Pavan , Reddy Chelluri Shreya 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Saliva, a complex fluid secreted by the salivary glands within the oral cavity, is the first to interact with smoke while smoking. Nicotine in smoke causes structural and functional changes in the saliva, leading to a significant reduction in salivary flow.

Aim:
The present study was done to compare the salivary flow between reverse smokers, regular smokers, and non-smokers with the help of the Modified Schirmer Test (MST) to assess unstimulated saliva.

Materials and Methodology:
Ninety subjects were randomly divided into three groups; Group A (30) subjects who had the habit of reverse smoking daily for >6 months, Group B (30) subjects who had the habit of smoking daily for >6 months, and Group C (30) healthy, non-tobacco users. MST was done in the morning hours; they were not asked to eat/drink for 2 h before the procedure. Later, they were asked to raise their tongue, and the rounded end of Schirmer's strip was placed on the floor of the mouth. Wetting of the strip was recorded every 1, 2, and 3-minute intervals.

Results:
Data was recorded, and statistical analysis was done by the paired t-test. The mean value of salivary flow rate in reverse smokers per 3 minutes (19.73 ± 4.16) was less when compared to conventional smokers (22.53 ± 2.75) and healthy individuals (31.53 ± 2.90), with a significant P value of P < 0.0001.

Conclusion:
There was a significantly reduced unstimulated salivary flow rate in reverse smokers compared to conventional smokers and healthy individuals.
A Comparative Study on the Evaluation of Stress in Patients with Lichen Planus and Normal Healthy Individuals using Hospital Anxiety and Depression Questionnaire, Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 21, and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory
Authors: Sikdar Abhik , Bhuvaneshwari S. , Sangamesh N.C. , Mishra Silpiranjan , Bajoria Atul Anand , Jha Snehjyoti 
Published: June 2022

Context:
Lichen planus is an idiopathic chronic inflammatory mucocutaneous disease that frequently involves the oral mucosa and skin. It has been proposed that psychological factors like high stress and anxiety levels have a strong association with lichen planus. Estimation of the stress level in patients with oral lichen planus.

Aims:
To estimate the stress in patients with Oral Lichen Planus by Hospital Anxiety and Depression Questionnaire, Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 21, and State-trait anxiety inventory and compare these with normal healthy individuals.

Methods and Material:
Twenty oral lichen planus patients and twenty normal subjects were included in the study. Every individual gave the hospital Anxiety and Depression Questionnaire, Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 21, and State-trait anxiety inventory.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Data obtained were analyzed with SPSS software 26. The findings of various parameters were evaluated and analyzed statistically using Mann Whitney U test.

Results:
Hospital Anxiety and Depression Questionnaire, State-trait anxiety inventory, Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 21 scores were significantly higher in the oral lichen planus group than in normal individuals.

Conclusions:
Psychological factors like anxiety and depression play a major role in the pathogenesis of OLP, and non-invasive procedures like the Hospital Anxiety, and Depression Questionnaire, Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 21, and State-trait anxiety inventory scores can be used as a useful indicator to estimate stress levels in OLP patients.
Vitamin D Deficiency and its Correlation with Coronal Pulp Morphology Changes – A Preliminary Study
Authors: Karemore Tapasya V. , Motwani Mukta B. , Gupta Madhur , Karemore Vaibhav , Banubakode Trushita , Ashtankar Kanchan A. 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) is a pandemic and usually under-diagnosed, under-treated nutritional deficiency globally. Among the Indian population, VDD may be due to lower dietary vit D and calcium intake, low socioeconomic status, etc. VDD can manifest as delayed tooth eruption, absence of secondary dentin formation, altered coronal pulp morphology, enlarged pulp space, and high pulp horns. Radiographic changes can be detected by various advanced imaging techniques but with multiple drawbacks. Intraoral radiographs (IOPA) can be an easy, chair-side and routine method of detecting coronal pulp morphology (CPM) changes due to VDD.

Aims and Objectives:
To assess correlation of vit D deficiency (VDD) and changes in coronal pulp morphology (CPM) using dental radiographs among young adults.

Material and Methods:
60 subjects were included in the study and divided into two groups: one with CPM changes and the second group without CPM changes. All the subjects underwent digital intraoral imaging and serum evaluation for vit D. The subjects were classified into deficient, optimal, and overdose categories. At the same time, the tooth morphology was divided into normal and chair/constricted types.

Results:
The correlation of vitamin D levels with the pulp horn heightof all three molars were negative and statistically insignificant. Pulp chamber height and width showed negligible and insignificant relationships with vitamin D levels.

Conclusion:
This study could not prove a significant correlation, but the data generated might help carry out advanced research in a related context. Using an Intraoral Periapical radiograph for evaluating VDD can also be a baseline screening in largepopulations in the future.
Evaluation of Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse Imaging in Differentiating Benign and Malignant Cervical Lymphadenopathy
Authors: Rohan Kamat , Ramesh Ananthakrishnan , Nagarajan K. , Abdulbasith K. M. , Sureshkumar Sathasivam , Vijayakumar Chellappa , Balamourougan K. , Srinivas B. H. 
Published: June 2022

Background:
The aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic role of acoustic radiation force impulse imaging (ARFI) in differentiating benign and malignant cervical nodes.

Methods:
This was a diagnostic accuracy cross-sectional study. All patients who underwent ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) of cervical nodes were included. Patients without FNAC/biopsy and patients in whom cervical nodes were cystic or completely necrotic were excluded. FNAC was used as reference investigation to predict the diagnostic accuracy. In all cases, FNAC was carried out after the B-mode, color Doppler and the ARFI imaging. In patients with multiple cervical lymph nodes, the most suspicious node based on grayscale findings was chosen for ARFI. ARFI included Virtual Touch imaging (VTI), area ratio (AR), and shear wave velocity (SWV) for each node, and the results were compared with FNAC/biopsy.

Results:
The final analysis included 166 patients. Dark VTI elastograms had sensitivity and specificity of 86.2% and 72.1%, respectively, in identifying malignant nodes. Sensitivity and specificity of AR were 71.3% and 82.3%, respectively, for a cutoff of 1.155. Median SWV of benign and malignant nodes was 1.9 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.56–2.55] m/s and 6.7 (95% CI, 2.87–9.10) m/s, respectively. SWV >2.68 m/s helped in identifying malignant nodes with 81% specificity, 81.6% sensitivity, and 81.3% accuracy. ARFI was found to be inaccurate in tuberculous and lymphomatous nodes.

Conclusion:
Malignant nodes had significantly darker elastograms, higher AR and SWV compared to benign nodes, and SWV was the most accurate parameter. ARFI accurately identifies malignant nodes, hence could potentially avoid unwarranted biopsy.
Effect of Alvarado Score on the Negative Predictive Value of Nondiagnostic Ultrasound for Acute Appendicitis
Authors: Prapruttam Duangkamon , Klawandee Sopon , Tangkittithaworn Phatthawit , Wongwaisayawan Sirote 
Published: June 2022

Background:
The purposes of this study were to calculate the negative predictive value (NPV) of nondiagnostic ultrasound (US) in patients with suspected appendicitis and to identify the clinical factors that were associated with the nondiagnostic US.

Methods:
We conducted a retrospective review of 412 patients who had graded-compression appendiceal US performed during January 2017 and December 2017. The NPV of the nondiagnostic US in combination with clinical parameters was calculated. Multivariate regression analysis was used to determine the independent predictors for the nondiagnostic US.

Results:
The US exam was nondiagnostic in 64.8% of the patients, giving an NPV of 70.8%. The NPV of nondiagnostic US increased to 96.2% in patients who had an Alvarado score of <5. The patients who did not have migratory pain, did not have leukocytosis, and had a pain score of <7 were more likely to have a nondiagnostic US study (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:
Alvarado score had an inverse effect on the NPV of nondiagnostic appendiceal US. Patients who had nondiagnostic US and Alvarado score of <5 were very unlikely to have appendicitis. Active clinical observation or re-evaluation rather than immediate computed tomography may be a safe alternative approach in these low-risk patients. However, the Alvarado score itself was not a predictive factor of nondiagnostic US. The absence of migratory pain, absence of leukocytosis, and low pain score were the independent predictors of nondiagnostic appendiceal US.
Comparison of Diagnostic Performance and Confidence between Contrast-Enhanced Computed Tomography Scan and Non-Contrast-Enhanced Computed Tomography Plus Abdomen Ultrasound for Hepatic Metastasis in Patients with Breast Cancer
Authors: Noh Hee Yeon , Ahn Su Joa , Nam Sang Yu , Jang Young Rock , Chun Yong Soon , Park Heung Kyu , Choi Seung Joon , Choi Hye Young , Kim Jeong Ho 
Published: June 2022

Background:
The purpose of this study was to compare the performance between noncontrast-enhanced computed tomography (NECT) plus abdominal ultrasound (US) (NECT + US) with contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) for the detection of hepatic metastasis in breast cancer patient with postsurgical follow-up.

Methods:
A total of 1470 patients without already diagnosed hepatic metastasis were included. All patients underwent US and multiphase CECT including the NECT. Independent reviewers analyzed images obtained in four settings, namely, abdominal US, NECT, NECT + US, and CECT and recorded liver metastases using a 5-grade scale of diagnostic confidence. Sensitivity, specificity (diagnostic performance), and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC, diagnostic confidence) were calculated. Interoperator agreement was calculated using the kappa test.

Results:
Reference standards revealed no metastases in 1108/1470 patients, and metastasis was detected in 362/1470 patients. Abdominal US (P < 0.01) and NECT (P = 0.01) significantly differed from CECT, but NECT + US did not significantly differ from CECT in terms of sensitivity (P = 0.09), specificity (P = 0.5), and AUC (P = 0.43). After an additional review of abdominal US, readers changed the diagnostic confidence scores of 106 metastatic lesions diagnosed using NECT. Interobserver agreements were good or very good in all four settings. Additional review of abdominal US with NECT allowed a change in the therapeutic plan of 108 patients.

Conclusion:
Abdominal US + NECT showed better diagnostic performance for the detection of hepatic metastases than did NECT alone; its diagnostic performance and confidence were similar to those of CECT.
Hepatic Function Predictive Value of Hepatic Venous Waveform versus Portal Vein Velocity in Liver Cirrhosis
Authors: Onwuka Chidiogo Chukwunweike , Famurewa Olusola Comfort , Adekanle Olusegun , Ayoola Oluwagbemiga Oluwole , Adegbehingbe Olugbenga Olumide 
Published: June 2022

Background:
This study assessed the hepatic vein waveform (HVW) and mean maximum portal vein velocity (MM-PVV) on Doppler ultrasound in patients with liver cirrhosis (LC) and compared it with that of age and sex-matched controls. It correlated the degree of HVW abnormality and MM-PVV changes with liver function based on Child-Turcotte-Pugh (CTP) to determine which was more predictive of CTP.

Methods:
Sixty patients with LC and 60 healthy controls were consecutively recruited into this study. Each patient was classed based on the CTP system after relevant tests. Doppler evaluation of the hepatic vein (HV) and MM-PVV were performed. HVW obtained was classified either into triphasic, biphasic, or monophasic.

Results:
Sixty cirrhotic and 60 age-matched control subjects aged 19–69 and 18–69 years, respectively, completed this study. All control subjects had a normal HVW pattern while 46 (76.7%) cirrhotic subjects had abnormal HVW (P < 0.001). The MM-PVV was significantly lower in cirrhotic subjects than in controls; 22.8 cm/s versus 33.6 cm/s (P < 0.001). The degree of HVW abnormality among cirrhotics showed a significant positive correlation with CTP (r = 0.283, P = 0.029). MM-PVV on the other hand showed no correlation with CTP class (r = −0.124; P = 0.346). Linear regression showed that HVW was a significant predictor of hepatic dysfunction based on CTP.

Conclusion:
Changes in the waveform pattern of the HVs are a good predictor of the derangement of hepatic function in patients with LC than changes in PVV. HVW pattern could therefore serve as an adjunct to CTP class in hepatic function assessment.
NITROGEN FERTILIZATION FOR MAIZE BASED ON ATTAINABLE YIELD AND SOIL ORGANIC MATTER CONTENT
Authors: Sánchez-Roldán Mariana Margarita , Ortiz-Monasterio Iván , Volke-Haller Víctor Hugo , Guerra-Zitlalapa Luis , Etchevers-Barra Jorge Dionisio 
Published: June 2022

Agricultural soils generally do not provide enough N to satisfy crop needs, so it is necessary to apply it as fertilizer. This supply can be estimated by chemical analysis of the soil and, based on this and the needs of the plant, nitrogen fertilization recommendations are made for the crops. The objective of this study was to determine economic optimum N rates for maize (Zea mays L.), based on attainable yield and soil organic matter content as an estimator of soil N supply, with the current and increased N/maize price ratio, to reduce economic optimum N rates and fertilization costs, as well as N losses and environmental pollution. In 2011, 2012, and 2013, 67 experiments on maize response to N were distributed and conducted in five edaphoclimatic regions of Mexico, with native and improved maize in rainfed and irrigation conditions. The treatments were: (1) fertilization with N, P, and K; (2) omission of each nutrient; and (3) no fertilization. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design, without replications. Production functions were estimated for rainfed and irrigation conditions in edaphoclimatic regions, for yield as a function of attainable yield classes, amount of N applied, and soil organic matter content. The production functions were used to estimate economic optimum N rates, with: (1) the current N/maize price ratio for the attainable yield classes and soil organic matter contents, as well as optimum economic yields and net income; and (2) the increased N/maize price ratio, that reduced the economic optimum N rates and fertilization costs, without significantly decrease of the economic optimum yields and the net income; this also reduces N losses and environmental pollution.
Analisis Search Engine Optimization (SEO) Pada Layanan Sistem Informasi Ketenagakerjaan
Authors: Setiawan Arif Budi , Santosa Paulus Insap 
Published: June 2022

Sistem Informasi Ketenagakerjaan (Sisnaker) merupakan penerapan e-government di Kementerian Ketenagakerjaan yang ditujukan agar masyarakat dapat dengan mudah mengakses informasi dan layanan ketenagakerjaan. Untuk mencari informasi biasanya masyarakat menggunakan mesin pencari. Sisnaker harus berada dihalaman depan halaman mesin pencari agar mudah ditemukan masyarakat. Penelitian ini melakukan analisis penerapan search engine optimization (SEO) pada sisnaker dengan alat otomatis seperti Google Analytics, Moz Pro dan Ubersuggest. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif dengan mendeskripsikan hasil yang didapat dari alat analisis otomatis SEO. Hasilnya didapatkan penerapan SEO sisnaker sudah baik namun terdapat beberapa hal yang harus diperbaiki.
Ancient culture and arts of Peru
Authors: Mamani Daza Lolo Juan , Franco Franco Carmen Vanessa , Concha Diaz Lady Shirley , Carpio Rosado Karen Marilia 
Published: June 2022

The ancient peoples of Peru have filled the natural landscape with color and charm. In this work, different historical reviews, and academic works, that show the realities of the indigenous peoples, their traditions, culture, and social situations that they face, are evaluated, but also the manual arts that fill the costumes and looms of our community with shapes and colors are highlighted. people. The work aims to show the realities of ancestral cultures, not only to highlight the vicissitudes they face but also to keep folklore alive. The results show that Latin America is a continent with a lot of traditional wealth and that these influence the behavior of its societies, sometimes as positive aspects and others as aspects to improve.
Keywords: Ancestral culture, indigenous peoples, folklore.