bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Supported Catalysts
Authors: Godard Cyril , Claver Carmen , Albéniz Ana C. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe line between homogeneous and heterogeneous is getting continuously thinner, and the bridge that binds them is the support on which the catalyst sits. Supported catalysts have the potential to offer both the activity of molecular catalysts in phase, and the convenience and reusability of catalysts in a difference phase. The variety of research on topics such as nanoparticle supports, coorindated polymers, and teathered metal complexes has increased exponentially in the last decade, and common problems such as leaching are being continuously solved, thus making supported catalysts more and more viable for applied research. In this Editorial, our Guest Editors give a brief account on the research that can be expected in this collection.
Industrial Utilization of Capacitive Deionization Technology for the Removal of Fluoride and Toxic Metal Ions (As3+/5+ and Pb2+)
Authors: Islam Md Rabiul , Gupta Soujit Sen , Jana Sourav Kanti , Pradeep Thalappil 
Published: January 2022

AbstractCapacitive deionization (CDI) is an emerging desalination technology, particularly useful for removing ionic and polarizable species from water. In this context, the desalination performance of fluoride and other toxic species (lead and arsenic) present in brackish water at an industrial scale of a few kilo liters using a CDI prototype built by InnoDI Private Limited is demonstrated. The prototype is highly efficient in removing ionic contaminants from water, including toxic and heavy metal ions. It can remove fluoride ions below the World Health Organization (WHO) limit (1.5 ppm) at an initial concentration of 7 ppm in the input feed water. The fluoride removal efficiency of the electrodes (at a feed concentration of 6 ppm) deteriorates by ≈4–6% in the presence of bicarbonate and phosphate ions at concentrations of 100 ppm each. The removal efficiency depends on flow rate, initial total dissolved solids, and other co‐ions present in the feed water. Interestingly, toxic species (As3+/5+ and Pb2+) are also removed efficiently (removal efficiency > 90%) by this technology. The electrodes are characterized extensively before and after adsorption to understand the mechanism of adsorption at the electrode.
Professional continuous glucose monitoring: A retrospective cohort study comparing one vs two pharmacist‐driven encounters
Authors: Sherrill Christina H. , Houpt Christopher T. , Dixon Elisabeth M. , Richter Scott J. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIntroductionContinuous glucose monitoring (CGM) is a burgeoning approach to measuring glycemia, but the ideal implementation method to optimize outcomes while streamlining clinical procedures is unknown. Furthermore, literature on the impact of pharmacist‐driven professional CGM (proCGM) is lacking.ObjectivesThe primary objective was to compare the change in hemoglobin A1c from baseline to 6 months after pharmacist‐driven proCGM implementation with one vs two proCGM data interpretation encounters. A secondary objective was to describe changes in proCGM report metrics for participants with two encounters.MethodsIn this retrospective single‐center study, adults with diabetes identified via Current Procedural Terminology code 95250 or 95251 undergoing pharmacist‐driven proCGM implementation with A1c measured within 6 months were included. Patients with additional CGM during the follow‐up period were excluded. Patients were categorized as having one pharmacist‐driven (RPh1) or two pharmacist‐driven (RPh2) encounters for proCGM data analysis for a single sensor. A1c change was analyzed via paired and independent sample t tests and analysis of covariance. ProCGM report metrics were analyzed via paired t tests.ResultsSixty‐six RPh1 and 56 RPh2 patients were included. Demographics were similar between groups, except RPh1 patients were younger, had higher body mass index, used less bolus insulin, and had less baseline hypoglycemia (P = .003, P = .008, P = .002, and P = .001, respectively). Baseline A1c was 8.2% and 8.3% with a mean reduction by 6 months of 0.75% and 0.87% for RPh1 and RPh2, respectively, and a mean follow‐up A1c of 7.4% for both groups. Significant A1c improvement was seen in each group compared with baseline (P < .001), with no significant difference between groups (P = .655). There was a significant rise in time in range from the first to second encounter without a significant increase in time below range (P < .001 and P = .34, respectively).ConclusionPharmacist‐driven proCGM implementation can significantly improve glycemic control, but no difference was seen in A1c lowering between the two implementation methods.
Collagen signature as a novel biomarker to predict axillary lymph node metastasis in breast cancer using multiphoton microscopy
Authors: Fang Ye , Kang Deyong , Guo Wenhui , Zhang Qingyuan , Xu Shuoyu , Huang Xingxin , Xi Gangqin , He Jiajia , Wu Shulian , Li Lianhuang , Han Xiahui , Chen Jianhua , Zheng Liqin , Wang Chuan , Chen Jianxin 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAccurate identification of axillary lymph node (ALN) status is crucial for tumor staging procedure and decision making. This retrospective study of 898 participants from two institutions was conducted. The aim of this study is to evaluate the diagnostic performance of clinical parameters combined with collagen signatures (tumor‐associated collagen signatures [TACS] and the TACS corresponding microscopic features [TCMF]) in predicting the probability of ALN metastasis in patients with breast cancer. These findings suggest that TACS and TCMF in the breast tumor microenvironment are both novel and independent biomarkers for the estimation of ALN metastasis. The nomogram based on independent clinical parameters combined with TACS and TCMF yields good diagnostic performance in predicting ALN status.
Pandemic preparedness in dental education: A US‐based national survey
Authors: Bahdila Dania , Ticku Shenam , Nath Sapna , Aflatooni Nikki , Dolce Maria C. , Hackley Donna M. , Barrow Jane R. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractObjectivesThe Coronavirus Disease‐19 (COVID‐19) pandemic highlighted the need for pandemic preparedness (PP) in health professions training. We aimed to (1) establish a current profile on curricular content of PP in US dental schools and (2) examine how schools were adapting their curricula in response to COVID‐19.MethodsAn online survey was developed and sent to senior leadership to all 66 Commission on Dental Accreditation (CODA)‐accredited US dental schools including Deans of Academic or Clinical Affairs from November 2020–February 2021. Questions addressed PP curricular content, teaching methods, and evaluation. Participants were asked about the barriers and facilitators for the inclusion of this content. The survey also included questions on redeployment of the clinical workforce in response to the pandemic.ResultsThe response rate was 31.8% (n = 21) with representation from every US Census Bureau‐designated division. While all responding dental schools agreed that dental professionals can play an important role during pandemics, 38.1% reported including content on PP into their pre‐ or postdoctoral curriculum. In response to the COVID‐19 pandemic, approximately 47.6% indicated redeployment of their clinical workforce to participate in disaster life support, assisting physicians in COVID‐19 cases, and assisting hospitals with personal protective equipment (PPE).ConclusionThere was general agreement that dental professionals can play an important role during pandemics. The participating US dental schools responded to the COVID‐19 pandemic by integrating novel clinical activities. More efforts are required to include PP in dental education.
Approach for patch‐clamping using an upright microscope with z‐axis movable stage
Authors: Perić Mina , Bataveljić Danijela , Bijelić Dunja , Milićević Katarina , Andjus Pavle R. , Bogdanović Pristov Jelena , Nikolić Ljiljana 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWe describe an approach for studying the physiology of single live cells using the conceptionally novel upright microscope/patch‐clamp configuration. Electrophysiology experiments typically require a microscope with the fixed stage position and the motion control of the microscope objective. Here, we demonstrate that a microscope with a z‐axis movable stage and a fixed objective can also be efficiently used in combination with the patch‐clamp technique. We define a set of underlying principles governing the operation of this microscope/patch‐clamp configuration and demonstrate its performance in practice using cultured astrocytes, microglia, and oligodendrocytes. Experimental results show that our custom configuration provides stable recordings, has a high success rate of the whole‐cell patch‐clamp trials, can be effectively applied to study cellular physiology of glial cells, and provides comparable performance and usability to the commercially available systems. Our system can be easily replicated or adapted to suit the needs of the research groups and can be cost‐effective in reducing the investments in purchasing additional equipment. We provide step‐by‐step instructions on implementing an upright microscope with z‐axis movable stage as a routine workhorse for patch‐clamping.Research Highlights
Approach for efficient patch‐clamping using an upright microscope with a z‐axis movable stage.
Routine study of live cell physiology.
Custom microscope/patch‐clamp configuration that is cost‐effective and overcomes equipment limitations.
Performance of C‐SENSE Accelerated Rapid Liver Shear Stiffness Measurement Using Displacement Wave Polarity‐Inversion Motion Encoding: An Evaluation Study
Authors: Pednekar Amol , Gandhi Deep , Wang Hui , Tkach Jean A. , Trout Andrew T. , Dillman Jonathan R. 
Published: January 2022

BackgroundLiver shear stiffness measurement using magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) aids in the noninvasive diagnosis and staging of liver fibrosis. Inadequate breath‐holds can lead to inaccurate stiffness estimation and/or failed MRE exams.PurposeTo prospectively evaluate the performance of compressed sensitivity encoding (C‐SENSE) accelerated rapid MRE measurement of liver shear stiffness using displacement wave polarity‐inversion motion encoding.Study TypeRetrospective.SubjectsEleven with liver disease and 10 asymptomatic subjects.Field Strength/Sequence1.5 T; gradient‐recalled‐echo (GRE) MRE.AssessmentAll participants underwent: 1) two‐dimensional (2D) GRE MRE with inflow saturation using SENSE acceleration factor (R) of 2 (standard of care [SC]); 2) 2D rapid MRE with (RwS); and 3) without (RnS) inflow saturation using C‐SENSE R = 3; and 4) spatial three‐dimensional (3D) rapid MRE with inflow saturation (R3D) using C‐SENSE R = 4; with nominally identical spatial resolution and coverage. Image analyst (D.G., 2 years of experience) drew identical and maximal regions of interest (ROIs) in right hepatic lobe.Statistical TestsLinear regression, intra‐class correlation coefficients (ICC), Bland–Altman analyses, and the Wilcoxon signed‐rank test were used to assess consistency and agreement of liver stiffness measurements for manually drawn identical and maximal ROIs.ResultsIn 21 participants (37 ± 14 years) with liver stiffness (2.3 ± 0.7 kPa), body mass index (BMI 27 ± 7 kg/m2), proton density fat fraction (PDFF 9 ± 9%), and T2* (27 ± 4 msec); rapid MRE sequences showed excellent agreement (ICC > 0.95) with SC MRE and no correlation (r2 < 0.1) of the differences (mean difference <0.2 kPa, <6%; limits of agreement <0.4 kPa, <16%) with BMI, PDFF, and T2*. Breath‐hold times were: 14 seconds (SC), 5 seconds (RnS), 7 seconds (RwS) per slice, and 16 seconds for the R3D acquisition.Data ConclusionsC‐SENSE accelerated GRE MRE sequences, using displacement wave polarity‐inversion motion encoding, produce equivalent measurements of liver stiffness and have potential clinical benefit in patients with limited breath‐holding capacity.Level of Evidence1Technical EfficacyStage 1
High resolution ultrasound for the evaluation of radial nerve pathology adjacent to metallic hardware
Authors: Fort Nicholas M. , Victoria Christian , Ko Lydia , Wolfe Scott W. , Lee Steve K. , Nwawka O. Kenechi 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAccurate localization and characterization of peripheral nerve injuries adjacent to metallic hardware is difficult with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) due to susceptibility artifact. This study sought to present the use of high‐resolution ultrasound (US) in accurate characterization of radial nerve injury adjacent to metallic hardware, using findings at the time of operative exploration as confirmation of the US assessment. A retrospective chart review of cases with clinically identified radial nerve injuries evaluated by the high‐resolution US was performed from January 2015 through December 2019. Preoperative clinical data, US reports, MRI reports, electrodiagnostic (EDx) reports, and operative reports were reviewed for each case. Preoperative US correctly characterized the affected nerve component, type, and location of injury in all 13 cases (100%), when correlated with intraoperative findings. Nerve injury was directly adjacent to metallic hardware in 12 cases (92%). Out of the seven cases evaluated by both US and MRI, US correctly accurately diagnosed radial nerve injuries in all cases, whereas MRI accurately diagnosed in four cases (57%). In 3/7 cases (43%) MRI was nondiagnostic due to susceptibility artifact. MRI evaluation of the nerve was limited to some degree by metallic artifact in 6/7 cases (85%).
Chronically elevated contact stress exposure correlates with intra‐articular cartilage degeneration in patients with concurrent acetabular dysplasia and femoroacetabular impingement
Authors: Aitken Holly D. , Westermann Robert W. , Bartschat Nicholas I. , Meyer Alex M. , Brouillette Marc J. , Glass Natalie A. , Clohisy John C. , Willey Michael C. , Goetz Jessica E. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractHip dysplasia is known to lead to premature osteoarthritis. Computational models of joint mechanics have documented elevated contact stresses in dysplastic hips, but elevated stress has not been directly associated with regional cartilage degeneration. The purpose of this study was to determine if a relationship exists between elevated contact stress and intra‐articular cartilage damage in patients with symptomatic dysplasia and femoroacetabular impingement. Discrete element analysis was used to compute hip contact stresses during the stance phase of walking gait for 15 patients diagnosed with acetabular dysplasia and femoral head‐neck offset deformity. Contact stresses were summed over the duration of the walking gait cycle and then scaled by patient age to obtain a measure of chronic cartilage contact stress exposure. Linear regression analysis was used to evaluate the relationship between contact stress exposure and cartilage damage in each of six acetabular subregions that had been evaluated arthroscopically for cartilage damage at the time of surgical intervention. A significant correlation (R2 = 0.423, p < 0.001) was identified between chondromalacia grade and chronic stress‐time exposure above both a 1 MPa damage threshold and a 2 MPa‐years accumulated damage threshold. Furthermore, an over‐exposure threshold of 15% regional contact area exceeding the 1 and 2 MPa‐years threshold values resulted in correct identification of cartilage damage in 83.3% (55/66) of the acetabular subregions loaded during gait. These results suggest corrective surgery to alleviate impingement and reduce chronic contact stress exposures below these damage‐inducing thresholds could mitigate further cartilage damage in patients with hip dysplasia.
Peninsular southern Europe refugia during the Middle Palaeolithic: an introduction
Authors: Bicho Nuno , Carvalho Milena 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACTNeanderthals faced great environmental and climatic instability during the Pleistocene, which may have influenced their lithic technology, subsistence patterns, mobility, behaviour and survival. Modern research assessing the effect of climate and environment on the Middle Palaeolithic and transition to the Upper Palaeolithic has often turned to southern Europe, specifically peninsular southern Europe (Iberia, Italy and the Balkans). These are regions typically regarded as refugia during periods of unfavourable climatic conditions, inspiring hundreds of palaeoenvironmental studies at Neanderthal sites and hypotheses on late Neanderthal survival in locations with relative ameliorated conditions. Here, we present the topic of the special issue focusing on peninsular southern Europe refugia during the Middle Palaeolithic covering the three main peninsulas. Its 16 contributions discuss relevant data on peninsular southern Europe as possible refugia during periods of unfavourable climate during the Middle Palaeolithic and transition to Upper Palaeolithic.
The ‘Semi‐Sterile Mousterian’ of Riparo Bombrini: evidence of a late‐lasting Neanderthal refugium in Liguria
Authors: Riel‐Salvatore Julien , Negrino Fabio , Pothier Bouchard Geneviève , Vallerand Amélie , Costa Stefano , Benazzi Stefano 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACTConstrained by the Maritime Alps and a steep coastal shelf, Liguria served as a biogeographic corridor linking mainland Western Europe to peninsular Italy throughout the Late Pleistocene. It may also have served as a biogeographic refugium for Neanderthals, since sites in the region have yielded some of the latest Mousterian dates in Western Europe and, paradoxically, some of the earliest dates for Protoaurignacian occupations. This paper presents an overview of the Neanderthal presence in Liguria between Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 5 and MIS 3, with a particular focus on the record from the Balzi Rossi site complex. This permits a critical evaluation of diachronic shifts in the Neanderthal occupation of Liguria. This is followed by an analysis of new data from ‘semi‐sterile Mousterian’ Level MS at Riparo Bombrini that show it was occupied very ephemerally by the end of the Mousterian, highlighting major late Neanderthal behavioral shifts. We conclude by proposing that this behavioral pattern is best explained by the last Neanderthals of the Balzi Rossi having occupied the region as an ecologically stable, taxon‐specific in situ micro‐refugium. This has implications for our understanding of Paleolithic refugia more broadly and of the social and ecological conditions in place during the terminal Mousterian period in western Liguria.
Effects of cuticular wax on the postharvest physiology in fragrant pear at different storages
Authors: Mao Huijuan , Lv Yunhao , Chen Guogang , Jiang Ying 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDEpidermal wax is an important factor affecting the storage quality of fruits and vegetables. Previous studies have shown that the epidermal wax of fruits undergoes significant changes during storage, but there are few studies on the effects of different storage methods on the changes in waxes and the relationship with storage quality. To investigate the effect of cuticular wax on the postharvest physiology in fragrant pear, equal numbers of fragrant pear fruits were stored in room temperature storage (control), cold storage and controlled atmosphere (CA) storage environs, respectively.RESULTSGas chromatography‐mass spectrometry analysis revealed that the prevailing compositions of cuticular wax of fragrant pear were alkanes, alkenes, alcohols, aldehydes, esters and fatty acids. Compared with the control, cold storage and CA storage significantly inhibited changes in postharvest physiology, total wax contents and wax compositions of fragrant pear, and the effects of CA storage were more pronounced than cold storage. Under different storage methods, total wax contents and wax compositions show different correlations with various physiological indicators.CONCLUSIONThe results obtained in the present study indicate that cold storage and CA storage altered the fragrant pear cuticular wax contents and constituents, thus changing the postharvest physiology quality. The changes in the metabolism of wax components caused by the changes in storage environment mainly affect the changes in the hardness of fragrant pears. The present study provides a theoretical basis for the preservation and storage of fruits. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry
Using Danish national registry data to understand psychopathology following potentially traumatic experiences
Authors: Gradus Jaimie L. , Rosellini Anthony J. , Szentkúti Péter , Horváth‐Puhó Erzsébet , Smith Meghan L. , Galatzer‐Levy Isaac , Lash Timothy L. , Galea Sandro , Schnurr Paula P. , Sørensen Henrik T. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractResearch on posttraumatic psychopathology has focused primarily on posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD); other posttraumatic psychiatric diagnoses are less well documented. The present study aimed to (a) develop a methodology to derive a cohort of individuals who experienced potentially traumatic events (PTEs) from registry‐based data and (b) examine the risk of psychopathology within 5 years of experiencing a PTE. Using data from Danish national registries, we created a cohort of individuals with no age restrictions (range: 0–108 years) who experienced at least one of eight possible PTEs between 1994 and 2016 (N = 1,406,637). We calculated the 5‐year incidence of nine categories of ICD‐10 psychiatric disorders among this cohort and examined standardized morbidity ratios (SMRs) comparing the incidence of psychopathology in this group to the incidence in a nontraumatic stressor cohort (i.e., nonsuicide death of a relative; n = 423,270). Stress disorders (2.5%), substance use disorders (4.1%), and depressive disorders (3.0%) were the most common diagnoses following PTEs. Overall, the SMRs for the associations between any PTE and psychopathology varied from 1.9, 95% CI [1.9, 2.0], for stress disorders to 5.2, 95% CI [5.1. 5.3], for personality disorders. All PTEs except pregnancy‐related trauma were associated with all forms of psychopathology. Associations were consistent regardless of whether a stress disorder was present. Traumatic experiences have a broad impact on psychiatric health. The present findings demonstrate one approach to capturing trauma exposure in medical record registry data. Increased traumatic experience characterization across studies will help improve the field's understanding of posttraumatic psychopathology.
Codimension growth for polynomial identities of representations of Lie algebras
Authors: da Silva Macêdo David Levi , Koshlukov Plamen 
Published: January 2022

AbstractLet K be a field of characteristic zero. We study the asymptotic behavior of the codimensions for polynomial identities of representations of Lie algebras, also called weak identities. These identities are related to pairs of the form where A is an associative enveloping algebra for the Lie algebra L. We obtain a characterization of ideals of weak identities with polynomial growth of the codimensions in terms of their cocharacter sequence. Recall that such a characterization was obtained by Kemer in [12] for associative algebras and by Benediktovich and Zalesskii in [2] for Lie algebras. We prove that the pairs , and generate varieties of pairs of almost polynomial growth. Here E denotes the infinite dimensional Grassmann algebra with 1. Also is the associative subalgebra of M2 (the 2 × 2 matrices over the field K) consisting of upper triangular matrices and is the Lie subalgebra of of the traceless matrices.
Hypersurface arrangements of aCM type
Authors: Ballico Edoardo , Huh Sukmoon 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWe investigate the arrangement of hypersurfaces on a nonsingular varieties whose associated logarithmic vector bundle is arithmetically Cohen–Macaulay (for short, aCM), and prove that the projective space is the only smooth complete intersection with Picard rank one that admits an aCM logarithmic vector bundle. We also obtain a number of results on aCM logarithmic vector bundles over several specific varieties. As an opposite situation we investigate the Torelli‐type problem that the logarithmic cohomology determines the arrangement.