bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Attenuated inflammatory profile following single and repeated handgrip exercise and remote ischemic preconditioning in patients with cerebral small vessel disease
Authors: Landman Thijs R. J. , Uthman Laween , Hofmans Inge A. H. , Schoon Yvonne , de Leeuw Frank-Erik , Thijssen Dick H. J. 
Published: November 2022

Background: Similar to remote ischemic preconditioning bouts of exercise may possess immediate protective effects against ischemia-reperfusion injury. However, underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. This study compared the impact of single and repeated handgrip exercise versus remote ischemic preconditioning on inflammatory biomarkers in patients with cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD).Methods: In this crossover study, 14 patients with cSVD were included. All participants performed 4-day of handgrip exercise (4x5-minutes at 30% of maximal handgrip strength) and remote ischemic preconditioning (rIPC; 4x5-minutes cuff occlusion around the upper arm) twice daily. Patients were randomized to start with either handgrip exercise or rIPC and the two interventions were separated by &gt; 9 days. Venous blood was drawn before and after one intervention, and after 4-day of repeated exposure. We performed a targeted proteomics on inflammation markers in all blood samples.Results: Targeted proteomics revealed significant changes in 9 out of 92 inflammatory proteins, with four proteins demonstrating comparable time-dependent effects between handgrip and rIPC. After adjustment for multiple testing we found significant decreases in FMS-related tyrosine kinase-3 ligand (Flt3L; 16.2% reduction; adjusted p-value: 0.029) and fibroblast growth factor-21 (FGF-21; 32.8% reduction adjusted p-value: 0.029) after single exposure. This effect did not differ between handgrip and rIPC. The decline in Flt3L after repeated handgrip and rIPC remained significant (adjusted p-value = 0.029), with no difference between rIPC and handgrip (adjusted p-value = 0.98).Conclusion: Single handgrip exercise and rIPC immediately attenuated plasma Flt3L and FGF-21, with the reduction of Flt3L remaining present after 4-day of repeated intervention, in people with cSVD. This suggests that single and repeated handgrip exercise and rIPC decrease comparable inflammatory biomarkers, which suggests activation of shared (anti-)inflammatory pathways following both stimuli. Additional studies will be needed to exclude the possibility that this activation is merely a time effect.
Prevalence and clinical correlates of misophonia symptoms in the general population of Germany
Authors: Jakubovski Ewgeni , Müller Astrid , Kley Hanna , de Zwaan Martina , Müller-Vahl Kirsten 
Published: November 2022

IntroductionMisophonia refers to a phenomenon in which affected individuals have a selective intolerance to sounds of mostly oral or nasal origin. This intolerance is typically associated with strong emotional reactions such as anger, irritation, and disgust. The aim of this study was to conduct the first large epidemiological survey to determine the prevalence of misophonia symptoms in the adult population in Germany.MethodsWe conducted a large-scale representative population survey between December 2020 and March 2021. For this purpose, a sample of 2,519 people were visited in their households and assessed with the Misophonia Questionnaire (MQ) and the Amsterdam Misophonia Questionnaire (AMISOS-R) to document misophonic symptoms. The primary estimate of clinical misophonia symptoms prevalence was based on the MQ Severity Scale and a secondary estimate was based on the AMISOS-R. The survey further included self-ratings to measure perfectionism, not-just-right experience (NJRE), autonomous sensory meridian response (ASMR) and general health as well as demographic data.ResultsFive percent of the sample scored equal or above the MQ Severity Scale threshold for clinical misophonia symptoms (5.9% based on AMISOS-R). Individuals with clinical misophonia symptoms had a higher rate of perfectionism, a higher occurrence of NJRE, higher susceptibility to ASMR, and a worse general health status than those scoring below the cut-off-score. All those factors also independently predicted the severity of misophonia symptoms in a multiple regression model.ConclusionMisophonia is a frequent condition and should further be examined as an independent diagnostic entity.
“Embedding” and “pulling back”: Spatial transformations and urban assimilation of migrant elderlies following their children
Authors: Bao Yaxiong , Tao Juanmei , Liu Qian 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundDue to the rapid acceleration of social mobility and the shrinking size of families, China has begun to enter a new form of aging society, with an increasing number of migrant elderlies following their children. How to adapt and assimilate into the new living space profoundly affects those migrant elderlies' mental health. Drawing on the spatial framework proposed by Henry Lefebvre, this paper explores the factors affecting urban assimilation of migrant elderlies following their children in China, and puts forward corresponding strategies to promote the urban assimilation.MethodUsing semi-structured interviews and participatory observation, this study conducted a qualitative study among migrant elderlies following their children who lived in a University Community in Wuhan city, Hubei Province from May 2022 to July 2022. During the survey period, we participated in the gathering activities of the migrant elderly five times a week, and conducted semi-structured interviews with 15 migrant elderlies following their children.ResultsFirstly, this study reveals that family assimilation is the foundation of urban assimilation of migrant elderly following their children; Secondly, we could conclude that the urban life of the migrant elderlies are mostly community-based, so it is especially important for them to reconstruct close neighborhood relations and regain the humanity affection of the traditional acquaintance society. Lastly, the fundamental institutional barrier is a significant factor that influences the ability of these migrant elderlies to live a stable urban life. The Chinese government needs to promote a nationwide unified pension and health insurance system, so that the migrant elderlies can enjoy the same benefits as the local elderly residents in the “inflow” area.
Cyberbullying and internet gaming disorder in Chinese youth: The role of positive youth development attributes
Authors: Xiang Guo-Xing , Zhang Yan-Hong , Gan Xiong , Qin Ke-Nan , Zhou Ya-Ning , Li Min , Jin Xin 
Published: November 2022

IntroductionAs digital natives, young people enjoy the convenience and benefits of the internet but also suffer from unique developmental problems of this age, such as cyberbullying and internet gaming disorder (IGD). Research suggests that these online problem behaviors enjoy high prevalence and various negative impacts. To prevent or intervene, this study attempts to explore the association between cyberbullying and IGD and the potential protectors from the positive youth development (PYD) perspective.MethodsThrough the convenience sampling method, a sample of 463 Chinese adolescents was recruited and participated in the survey. They completed a questionnaire regarding PYD attributes, cyberbullying, IGD, and demographic information.ResultsAfter controlling adolescents' sex and age, results of regression analyses indicated that cyberbullying was positively associated with IGD; PYD attributes had negative cumulative effects on cyberbullying and IGD; and cyberbullying and IGD were negatively related to PYD attributes. Moreover, the mediating effect of PYD attributes was significant in the relationship between cyberbullying and IGD.DiscussionSpecifically, it is very possible for adolescents who have experienced one online problem behavior to suffer from another one. Fortunately, positive personal attributes could effectively buffer this cascading effect. These findings may provide theoretical and practical guidance for practitioners that improving PYD attributes may be a promising approach to prevent or reduce adolescent cyberbullying and IGD.
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on palliative care practice: A survey of clinical oncologists
Authors: Wang Yu , Huang Yilin , Ma Xiangyu , Wusiman Dilinaer , Zhang Xinqing , Bi Nan 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundPalliative care is an essential intervention to improve the quality of life for patients with cancer, whereas the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic poses a challenge to supportive and palliative care providers. This survey aims to explore the current status of palliative care practice for cancer and the influence of COVID-19, from the perspective of oncologists.MethodsThe semi-structure electronic questionnaire was designed. Mixed-mode surveys including electronic questionnaires, face-to-face interactions, and telephone interviews were adopted according to the willingness of respondents. Face-to-face and telephone interviews were based on same questions in the online questionnaire. Participants working in cancer-related departments with frontline palliative care experience during the COVID-19 outbreak were included. Surveys covered experiences and perspectives regarding the impact of COVID-19 on clinical work, personal lives, and palliative care practice. Suggestions on coping strategies were further proposed and qualitatively analyzed.ResultsThirty-seven oncologists participated in this study from September 2021 to January 2022. The majority of them believed COVID-19 significantly and negatively affected their clinical work routines (75.7%), personal daily lives (67.6%), and palliative care practice (64.9%). Most specialists considered that currently the palliative care system remained underdeveloped (73.0%), and other factors besides COVID-19 were associated with this situation (78.4%). Seventeen participants further made suggestions on how to promote palliative care during COVID-19, and three themes emerged through the qualitative analysis: (1) Remote or online service (88.2%); (2) Publicity, education, or shared decision-making for patients (29.4%); (3) Guidelines, training, or programs for care providers (23.6%).ConclusionOncologists consider that COVID-19 has an adverse impact on their palliative care practice and daily routine. In addition to COVID-19, other factors affecting palliative care should not be neglected. Corresponding measures are warranted to encourage palliative care practice during COVID-19.
Use of provider-to-provider telemedicine in Kenya during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Kim Erin J. , Moretti Meghan E. , Kimathi Antony Mugambi , Chan Stephen Y. , Wootton Richard 
Published: November 2022

IntroductionAccording to the World Health Organization (WHO), about 90 percent of countries continue to report COVID-related disruptions to their health systems. The use of telemedicine has been especially common among high-income countries to safely deliver and access health services where enabling infrastructure like broadband connectivity is more widely available than low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The Addis Clinic implements a provider-to-provider (P2P) asynchronous telemedicine model in Kenya. We sought to examine the use of the P2P telemedicine platform during the second year of COVID-19.MethodsTo assess sustainability, we compared the data for two 12-month calendar periods (period A = year 2020, and period B = year 2021). To examine performance, we compared the data for two different 12-month periods (period C = pandemic period of February 2021 to January 2022, and period D = baseline period of February 2019 to January 2020).ResultsSustainability of the P2P telemedicine platform was maintained during the pandemic with increased activity levels from 2,604 cases in 2020 to 3,525 cases in 2021. There was an average of 82 specialists and 5.9 coordinators during 2020, and an average of 81 specialists and 6.0 coordinators during 2021. During 2020, there were 444 cases per coordinator, and 587 cases per coordinator in 2021(P = 0.078). During 2020, there were 32 cases per specialist, and 43 cases per specialist in 2021(P = 0.068). Performance decreased with 99 percent of cases flagged as “answered” during the baseline period (period D), and 75 percent of cases flagged as “answered” during the pandemic period (period C).ConclusionResults suggest that despite a decline in certain sustainability and performance indicators, The Addis Clinic was able to sustain a very high level of activity during the second year of the pandemic, as shown by the continued use of the system. Furthermore, despite some of the infrastructure challenges present in LMICs, the P2P telemedicine platform was a viable option for receiving clinical recommendations from medical experts located remotely. As health systems in LMICs grapple with the effects of the pandemic, it is worthwhile to consider the use of telemedicine to deliver essential health services.
A comparative analysis of outcomes of root canal therapy for pediatric medicaid beneficiaries from New York State
Authors: Burns Lorel E. , Gencerliler Nihan , Terlizzi Kelly , Wu Yinxiang , Solis-Roman Claudia , Gold Heather T. 
Published: November 2022

ObjectivesThis study investigated differences in the provision of root canal therapy and outcomes in a publicly insured cohort of children and adolescents.MethodsNew York State Medicaid administrative claims from 2006 to 2018 were analyzed. Enrollees aged 6–18 were included in the study if they had initial non-surgical root canal therapy (NSRCT), in the permanent dentition, that allowed for at least 1 year of post-treatment follow-up. Descriptive analyses, multivariable logistic regression, and multivariable Cox proportional hazard models were used to examine the association between demographic variables (gender, age, race/ethnicity, and area-based factors) and dental treatment provision and outcomes.ResultsMale gender was associated with having more than one initial NSRCT (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.06; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.02–1.10), as was rurality (aOR = 1.15; 95% CI = 1.06–1.24). Black/African American (AA) and Hispanic children were less likely than non-Hispanic white children to have multiple NSRCTs (aOR = 0.88; 95% CI = 0.83–0.93 and aOR = 0.78; 95% CI = 0.74–0.83). Being older or female conferred a lower hazard of an untoward event (aHR = 0.93; 95% CI = 0.92–0.94 and aHR = 0.86; 95% CI = 0.81–0.91). Compared to non-Hispanic white children, Hispanic and Black/AA children had a higher risk of untoward event (aHR = 1.31; 95% CI = 1.21–1.41 and aHR = 1.55; 95% CI = 1.43–1.67) while children of Asian descent had a lower incidence after initial NSRCT (aHR = 0.79; 95% CI = 0.71–0.88).ConclusionRace/ethnicity was the strongest demographic predictor of provision of initial non-surgical root canal therapy, subsequent placement of a permanent restoration and the occurrence of an untoward event after NSRCT in this cohort.
Determinants of delinquency in the Peruvian banking and microfinance system, 2015–2020
Authors: Quispe Mamani Julio Cesar , Hancco Gomez Miriam Serezade , Yapuchura Saico Cristobal Rufino , Palomino Juan Isidoro Gómez , Aguilar Pinto Santotomas Licimaco , Vargas Espinoza Jorge Luis , Chalco Vargas Fredy Toribio , Maraza Amira Carpio , Álvarez Dominga Asunción Calcina , Quenta Rolando Cáceres 
Published: November 2022

ObjectiveThe objective was to identify the variables that affect the delinquency rate in banking and microfinance institutions, between the periods 2015 and 2020, for which panel data models were used, considering the information registered in the banking and financial institutions to the level of Peru.MethodThe methodological design used is quantitative, not experimental, with a descriptive-correlational design, applying the analysis of the data panel for each financial institution (Multiple Banking, Municipal Savings Banks), to observe the behavior over time for the same individuals.ResultsIt was determined that the behavior of the delinquency of microfinance institutions is having significant effects on the delinquency of loans, and macroeconomic variables like microeconomic variables do determine delinquency rates such as provisions, efficiency of analysts, financial income, liquidity in national currency, growth rate of Gross Domestic Product, and the level of unemployment, both for banks and for municipal savings and credit banks, explaining the study variables in 84.30% in the banking system and in 48.95% in the financial system with respect to delinquency.ConclusionsMacroeconomic and microeconomic variables are determining factors for the level of delinquency in financial institutions.
Serostatus and Epidemiological Characteristics for Atypical Pneumonia Causative Bacteria among Healthy Individuals in Medina, Saudi Arabia, a Retrospective Study
Authors: Alhoufie Sari T. , Alhhazmi Areej A. , Mahallawi Waleed H. , Alfarouk Khalid O. , Ibrahim Nadir A. 
Published: November 2022

Background: Community-acquired atypical pneumonia is generally a mild and self-limiting infection. Still, it may lead to hospitalization and progressive clinical complications in some cases, particularly among the elderly and individuals with chronic diseases. Chlamydia pneumoniae, Legionella pneumophila, and Mycoplasma pneumoniae are the community’s main causative agents of atypical pneumonia. However, most published studies evaluated their incidence in the hospital setting, and little is known about their prevalence among healthy individuals. This work aims to assess the seroprevalence of these bacteria among healthy people to determine the status of immunity against these bacteria in the community. Methodology: Two hundred and eighty-three serum samples from a multicenter in Medina, Saudi Arabia, were collected in this study. Serum samples were subjected to indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) to detect IgG antibodies against C. pneumoniae, L. pneumophila, and M. pneumoniae to investigate the seroprevalence of these bacteria and their distribution among different genders and age groups of healthy people. Results: IgG seropositivity for at least one of the three atypical pneumonia-causative bacteria occurred in 85.8% (n= 243/283) of the sample population. IgG seropositivity for C. pneumoniae occurred in 80.6% (228/283) of the population, followed by 37.5% for L. pneumophila and 23% for M. pneumoniae (66/283). In addition, the IgG seropositivity rates for the three bacteria were observed predominantly among male participants. Furthermore, no significant difference in IgG seropositivity distribution occurred between different age groups of healthy people for C. pneumoniae, L. pneumophila and M. pneumoniae. Conclusions: The current study found that C. pneumoniae, L. pneumophila, and M. pneumoniae tended to be highly prevalent among healthy people and more common among males than females. Additionally, their pattern of distribution among healthy individuals seemed to be predominant among young adults (aged 20–40 years), which differs from their predominant distribution among elderly patients in hospital settings (>50 years).
Giardia lamblia G6PD::6PGL Fused Protein Inhibitors Decrease Trophozoite Viability: A New Alternative against Giardiasis
Authors: Morales-Luna Laura , Hernández-Ochoa Beatriz , Martínez-Rosas Víctor , Navarrete-Vázquez Gabriel , Ortega-Cuellar Daniel , Rufino-González Yadira , González-Valdez Abigail , Arreguin-Espinosa Roberto , Franco-Vásquez Adrián Marcelo , Pérez de la Cruz Verónica , Enríquez-Flores Sergio , Martínez-Conde Carlos , Canseco-Ávila Luis Miguel , Gómez-Chávez Fernando , Gómez-Manzo Saúl 
Published: November 2022

Treatments to combat giardiasis have been reported to have several drawbacks, partly due to the drug resistance and toxicity of current antiparasitic agents. These constraints have prompted many researchers to investigate new drugs that act against protozoan parasites. Enzyme inhibition is an important means of regulating pathogen metabolism and has recently been identified as a significant alternative target in the search for new treatments. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and 6-phosphogluconolactonase (G6PD::6PGL) is a bifunctional enzyme involved in the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) in Giardia lamblia (G. lamblia). The G. lamblia enzyme is unusual since, unlike the human enzyme, it is a fused enzyme. Here, we show, through inhibition assays, that an in-house chemical library of 120 compounds and four target compounds, named CNZ-7, CNZ-8, CMC-1, and FLP-2, are potent inhibitors of the G. lamblia G6PD::6PGL fused enzyme. With a constant (k2) of 2.3, 3.2, and 2.8 M−1 s−1, respectively, they provoke alterations in the secondary and tertiary protein structure and global stability. As a novel approach, target compounds show antigiardial activity, with IC50 values of 8.7, 15.2, 15.3, and 24.1 µM in trophozoites from G. lamblia. Moreover, these compounds show selectivity against G. lamblia, since, through counter-screening in Caco-2 and HT29 human cells, they were found to have low toxicity. This finding positions these compounds as a potential and attractive starting point for new antigiardial drugs.
Features of the Personality Profile in Young People with a History of Suicidal Behavior
Authors: Бойко Е.О. , Ложникова Л.Е. , Зайцева О.Г. 
Published: November 2022

С помощью клинико-психологического метода проведено комплексное исследование, которое позволило выявить особенности профиля личности 240 пациентов молодого возраста с суицидальным поведением в анамнезе, с различной нозологической принадлежностью с учетом диагностических критериев МКБ-10.
Using clinical and psychological method, a comprehensive study was carried out, which allowed identifying the features of the personality profile of 240 young patients with a history of suicidal behavior, with different nosological affiliation, taking into account the diagnostic criteria of ICD-10.
Professional Burnout in Resident Physicians Undergoing Internship in Emergency Inpatient Unit in Moscow and Interns in Grodno: Pre-Pandemic Data
Authors: Холмогорова А.Б. , Матюшкина Е.Я. , Бойко С.В. , Рой А.П. 
Published: November 2022

В статье анализируются результаты исследования профессионального выгорания молодых врачей, проходящих обучение в ординатуре скоропомощного стационара Москвы и интернатурах скоропомощного стационара и университетской клиники Гродно. Выявлено, что профессиональное выгорание, проявляющееся эмоциональным истощением и деперсонификацией, тесно связано с ухудшением психического здоровья врачей обеих групп. Предикторами профессионального выгорания являются предписываемыйобществом перфекционизм и ощущение одиночества, вызванное сравнением себя с более успешными специалистами и фиксацией на собственной неуспешности. Опора на собственные высокие стандарты, которые молодые врачи устанавливают для себя и своей работы, усиливает ощущение собственной компетентности и снижает риск профессионального выгорания.
The article analyzes the results of the study of professional burnout of young doctors. Respondents undergo training in the residency of an emergency inpatient unit in Moscow and internship of an emergency inpatient unit and the university clinic in Grodno. It was revealed that professional burnout, manifested by emotional exhaustion and depersonalization, is closely related to the deterioration in the mental health in doctors of both groups. The predictors of professional burnout are perfectionism prescribed by society and a feeling of loneliness caused by comparing oneself with more successful specialists and fixing on one’s own failure. Relying on the high standards that young doctors set for themselves and their work enhances their sense of self-competence and reduces the risk of professional burnout.