bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in bilateral basal ganglia: a rare case report in pediatrics
Authors: Silva Aldo Jose F da , Gomes Fernando Elias Castro Pinheiro , Tenório Gabriele Maria Barros Pimentel , Almeida Laís Maria Pinto 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) may affect the basal nuclei of the brain. The most common type is diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. This is a case report of an adolescent with rare bilateral lymphoma in the basal ganglia. A male patient aged 16 years had a clinical picture of rapid progression to motor aphasia, dysphagia, and right hemiplegia. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the skull along with spectroscopy indicated lymphoproliferative or neoplastic disease. A biopsy confirmed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. However, the patient died before starting the definitive treatment. PCNSL is infrequent in the pediatric population, but it has a better prognosis in this age group, especially when diagnosed early. It affects immunodeficient patients more often. In addition to MRI, spectroscopy and positron-emission tomography help clarify the diagnosis. Biopsy is the gold standard for diagnosis, leading to the appropriate initiation of chemotherapy and radiotherapy treatment. PCNSL is rare in young patients. With an early diagnosis, better therapeutic planning is possible. Unfortunately, in the present case, the diagnosis was late, and the patient had an unfavorable outcome.
Comparative Visual Performance of Diffractive Bifocal and Rotationally Asymmetric Refractive Intraocular Lenses
Authors: Tanabe Hirotaka , Shojo Tomohiro , Yamauchi Tomofusa , Takase Kosuke , Akada Masahiro , Tabuchi Hitoshi 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
We compared the visual performance of a diffractive bifocal intraocular lens (IOL) with +4.0 D near addition (ZMB00 [Johnson & Johnson Surgical Vision]) and a rotationally asymmetric refractive IOL with +1.5 D near addition (LS-313 MF15 [Teleon Surgical BV]) 10 weeks after cataract patients’ last surgery for bilateral ZMB00 or LS-313 MF15 implantation, with the lenses of each eye implanted within 3 months of each other. The ZMB00 and LS-313 MF15 groups comprised 1326 eyes of 663 patients (age: 67.0±7.8 years; females/males, 518/145) and 448 eyes of 224 patients (73.6±7.0 years; females/males, 125/99) respectively; patients underwent surgery between 2011 and 2020. A linear mixed-effects model using data for both eyes, with strict adjustments for sex, age, subjective refraction spherical equivalent, subjective refraction cylinder, corneal astigmatism, axial length, corneal higher-order aberrations, and pupil diameter, ensured statistical validity. Compared to the LS-313 MF15 group, the ZMB00 group had significantly superior uncorrected near visual acuity, reduced higher-order aberrations (ocular/internal, scaled to a 4-mm pupil; WF_4_post_O_TotalHOA/Third/Fourth/Trefoil/Coma/Tetrafoil/Spherical, WF_4_post_I_Astigmatism/TotalHOA/Third/Trefoil/Coma/Tetrafoil/Spherical), and superior distance and near spectacle independence (p<0.00068, Wald test). Contrast sensitivity, measured without (6.3°/4.0°/2.5°/1.6°/1.0°/0.7°) or with glare (4.0°/2.5°/1.6°/1.0°/0.7), was significantly better in the LS-313 MF15 group than in the ZMB00 group (p<0.00068, Wald test).
External validation of a four-tiered grading system for chromophobe renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Liu Shuai , Hou Mingyu , Yao Yu , Mei Jingchang , Sun Lijiang , Zhang Guiming 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to validate the prognostic value of a four-tiered grading system recently proposed by Avulova et al. and to explore the prognostic ability of another four-tiered classification grading system in which there is a separate Grade 3 for tumor necrosis. Grading of chromophobe renal cell carcinoma (ChRCC) by the Fuhrman system is not feasible because of the inherent nuclear atypia in ChRCC.
Methods
We collected relevant data of 263 patients with ChRCC who had undergone surgery in our hospital from 2008 to 2020. The Kaplan–Meier method was used to calculate the survival rate and Cox proportional hazard regression models to assess associations with cancer-specific survival (CSS) and distant metastasis-free survival by hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
Results
Ten patients died from ChRCC, and 12 developed metastases. The 5-year CSS rates were 95.9%. Grades 2 (HR = 10.9; Cl 1.11–106.4; P = 0.04), 3 (HR = 33.6, Cl 3.32–339.1; P = 0.003), and 4 (HR = 417.4, Cl 35.0-4976.2; P < 0.001) in a four-tiered grading system were significantly associated with CSS in a multivariate setting. However, the difference in CSS between Grades 2 and 3 was not significant (HR = 2.14, 95% CI 0.43–10.63; P = 0.35). The HRs of the associations between an exploratory grading system that includes a separate Grade 3 for tumor necrosis and CSS were as follows: Grade 2, 10.2 (Cl 1.06–97.9, P = 0.045); Grade 3, 11.4 (Cl 1.18–109.6, P = 0.04); Grade 4, 267.9 (Cl 27.6-2603.3, P < 0.001). Similarly, Grades 2 and 3 did not differ significantly.
Conclusion
The four-tiered grading system studied is useful for predicting death from ChRCC and metastasis. However, Grade 3 did not more accurately predict risk of death and metastasis than did Grade 2. This was also true for the other exploratory grading system that we investigated.
Experimental and numerical investigation into material removal mechanism of fast ED-milling
Authors: Wang Jian , Xi Xue-Cheng , Chu Hao-Yu , Zhang Ya-Ou , Zhao Fu-Chun , Zhao Wan-Sheng 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Fast electrical discharge milling (Fast ED-milling) has become a promising technology in the manufacturing industry for machining complex structures such as diffuser-shaped film cooling holes. However, the mechanism of the efficient removal of materials in this technology is not yet fully understood. To gain a further insight into this matter, an experimental investigation on the morphology of discharge craters including the absolute material removal volume per discharge, material residual volume per discharge, and directionality, is firstly carried out. The obtained results imply that a high-pressure inner flushing can significantly promote the expelling of molten material from a molten pool and is a fundamental reason why fast ED-milling can be of higher machining efficiency than regular ED-milling. To explore the mechanism behind, a novel thermal-fluid coupling model is developed to simulate the evolution process of the molten material under the effect of a flow field. The results of numerical simulation show that during a discharging, the molten material moves along the workpiece surface towards the outlet of a gap channel and solidifies at the side of a crater that is away from the electrode center. Another interesting finding is that an inappropriately high flushing pressure can result in a low machining efficiency because the severe heat convection will consume a large part of the heat generated by a discharge. This well explains the phenomenon that occurred during the experimental investigation.
State Gun Regulations and Reduced Gun Ownership are Associated with Fewer Firearm-Related Suicides Among both US Juveniles and Adults
Authors: Paul Megan E. , Coakley Brian A. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: Few studies have investigated the relationship between specific gun regulations and gun ownership with the number of firearm-related suicides among juveniles across U.S. states. Therefore, this study seeks to determine if measures of state gun ownership and gun restrictions are related to the rate of firearm-related suicide in both the pediatric and adult populations.Methods: Sixteen measures of state gun law restrictions, gun ownership and firearm-related statistics by the ATF were collected. These measures included ATF registered weapons, ATF federal firearm licensees, Giffords Center rankings, gun ownership percentages, and 12 specific firearm laws. Bivariate linear regression was used to model the relationship between each individual variable and the rate of firearm-related suicides for adults and children in each state. This was repeated using a multivariate linear regression adjusting for poverty, poor mental health, race, educational attainment, and divorce rate by state.Results: In the bivariate linear regression, 11 of 16 of the firearm-related measures were statistically associated with fewer firearm-related suicides in the adult population. Similarly, 11 of 16 measures were also found to be associated with fewer firearm-related suicides in the pediatric population. In the multivariate regression, 6 of 16 measures were still statistically associated with fewer firearm-related suicides in the adult population vs. 5 of 16 measures in the pediatric population, even after controlling for all five potentially confounding variables. No restrictions were associated with higher levels of suicides for either analysis. Conclusions: Ultimately, this is one of the first studies linking state gun restrictions and gun ownership with fewer firearm-related suicides among juveniles in the United States at the state level. This data suggests that US lawmakers should focus on strengthening gun restrictions and reducing gun ownership rates to potentially reduce the rate of firearm-related suicide among children and adults.
The effect of trigger day maximal follicle size greater than 25 mm on pregnancy result in patients receiving IVF-ET treatment.
Authors: XIN XIN , DONG LI , LI JIAXI , XIA FANGDAN , ZHAO CONGCONG , WU HAICUI , LIAN FANG , SONG JINGYAN 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Previous studies have involved the impact of the dominant follicle diameter on the number of eggs retrieved and pregnancy outcome during in vitro fertilization embryo transfer assisted pregnancy. In the natural physiological cycle of normal women, when the follicle diameter reaches 18–25 mm, it is discharged autonomously, while in the process of assisted reproduction, asynchronous follicular development often occurs, although these large follicles may not affect the level of reproductive endocrine. However, there is no study on whether giant follicles with a diameter of more than 25 mm on trigger day will affect pregnancy outcome.The goal of this study is to see whether a trigger day maximum dominant follicle diameter more than 25 mm affects the outcome of an IVF-ET pregnancy.
Methods
From January 2018 to January 2021, 569 patients (610 cycles) underwent IVF-ET at a university Hospital's reproductive Center and were categorized based on whether the greatest dominant follicle diameter on trigger day was larger than 25 mm: Group A (n = 435, maximum dominant follicle diameter 25 mm), group B (n = 175, maximum dominant follicle diameter 25 mm). The cumulative live birth rate was the key outcome index, clinical pregnancy rate was the secondary outcome index, and additional outcomes were normal fertilization rate, embryo formation rate, and ectopic pregnancy rate.
Results
The existence of follicles with a trigger day diameter greater than 25 mm may alter the result of IVF-ET, lowering the clinical pregnancy rate (40.92 percent vs 30.2 percent, P = 0.008) and the live birth rate (37.24 percent vs 27.43 percent, P = 0.017). Multivariate logistic regression study demonstrated that the presence of follicles with a diameter of more than 25 mm on trigger day was connected with the pregnancy result after embryo transfer. More prospective clinical trials are required to further investigate the influence of trigger day maximum follicle diameter on pregnancy outcome due to the limitations of this research and the paucity of prior studies on this issue.
Conclusions
The maximal trigger day follicle diameter of more than 25 mm seems to impact the pregnancy outcome of IVF-ET, resulting in a somewhat unfavorable outcome, and the development of gigantic trigger day follicles should be avoided in clinical practice as much as feasible.
The aging behavior of biochar and its immobilizing ability to heavy metals in the rhizosphere
Authors: Wang Jie , Zhai Lulu , Zhang Xiyang , Pan Yuting , Zhang Long , Shen Zhenguo , Chen Yahua 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The application effect of biochar in soil is often affected by environmental factors, but the effect of rhizosphere processes on the properties and functions of biochar remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of the aging process in the rhizosphere on the properties of biochar and the influence of the rhizosphere effect on the performance of biochar for immobilization of heavy metals through different wheat rhizosphere simulation experiments. After aging in the wheat rhizosphere, the physicochemical properties of rice husk biochar (RH BC) and sludge biochar (Sl BC) changed significantly. In general, ash content, specific surface area (SAA), and thermal stability were significantly reduced, while the oxygen (O) content, polarity and surface O-containing functional groups content were significantly increased. The increase of C = O and O = C-OH on the aged biochar surface promotes its adsorption capability for Cd2+ and Pb2+. In addition, the results of the root box experimental showed that the RH BC and Sl BC could effectively reduce the concentration of bioavailable heavy metals in soil, while the rhizosphere effect increases the bioavailability of heavy metals in rhizosphere soil, and then weakens the immobilization effect of RH BC, but has no significant effect on the Sl BC. The increased dissolved organic matter (DOM) content in the rhizosphere soil caused by wheat roots may be an important factor contributing to this phenomenon. Therefore, although the aging process in the rhizosphere may enhance the adsorption performance of biochar for heavy metal, the immobilization effect of biochar for heavy metals in the rhizosphere soil is still at risk of being weakened by the rhizosphere effect.
Metabolomic and transcriptomic exploration of the effects of biological fertilizer on the growth of Alfalfa
Authors: Wang Yubo , Du Weifeng , Dai Yue , Jiang Hui , Dong Kuiling , Irfan Muhammad , Xiao Lifeng , Chen Lijing , Wang Yong 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Alfalfa is a forage grass with excellent grass quality and high protein content. It is one of the most important feeds in the world.However, according to the conventional alfalfa planting method,long-term excessive application of chemical fertilizer will seriously affect soil fertility, enzyme activity and Alfalfa protein content. Biofertilizer can effectively change soil nutrients, activity of soil enzymes, and increase concentrations of crude protein and soluble protein.Therefore, it is necessary to fully understand the changes of transcriptome and metabolome under the condition of applying biological fertilizer to alfalfa. In this study, leaf transcriptome and metabolomics were used to study the effect of alfalfa treated with bio-organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer(control group) on mature alfalfa. Compared with the control group (applying chemical fertilizer), the treatment group (applying biological fertilizer) has higher growth and higher nutrition index, and the soil enzyme activity has also been significantly improved. In addition, through the combined analysis of transcriptome and metabolomics, it was shown that the external application of biological fertilizer improved some signal transduction, tryptophan metabolism, phenylalanine metabolism, tyrosine metabolism and isoflavone metabolism of alfalfa.In conclusion, the study provides a notional basis for evaluating the induction of nutrients in alfalfa growth and maturity stage and the potential mechanism of remediation of fertilizer contaminated soil.
Expression profile of lncRNA induced by DPP4 in human aortic smooth muscle cells and calcification gene prediction
Authors: Xu Tongjie , Chen Hao , Xu Xiongfei , Sun Xiaolei , He Huqiang , Zeng Hong , Shi Sen , Liu Yong 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Arterial media calcification caused by diabetes is an important cause of cardiovascular calcification. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) is associated with diabetic arterial media calcification. While, long non-coding RNA(lncRNA) is closely related to the cardiovascular diseases and calcification caused by diabetes. Experiment have shown that LncRNA can regulate DPP4 activation to modulate senescence and lncRNA ENST00000540293 may associated with human periodontal ligament cells development. our previous studies showed that DPP4 can promote the calcification of human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMCs) by activating the ERK/NF-kB pathway, but it is unknown whether it is related to the regulation of lncRNA. Calcification of HASMCs was induced by DPP4. There was a significant difference in the expression of lncRNAs and mRNAs between normal and calcified cells detected by gene chip technology. Based on the results of microarray detection, we found that lncRNA ENST00000540293 may be involved in vascular calcification induced by DPP4 through regulating target genes.
Residual compressive stress prediction determined by blade edge radius and feed rate during milling of thin-walled parts
Authors: Jiang Xiaohui , Cai Yan , Liu Weiqiang , Guo Miaoxian , Zhou Hong , Xu Zhou , Kong Xiangjing , Ju Pengfei 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Residual compressive stress can effectively improve fatigue life of aerospace thin-walled parts. In this study, residual compressive stress control is taken as the target. Firstly, a surface residual stress prediction model is proposed, which considers both machining parameters and milling force-heat. The model of the relationship between milling force, thermal load and residual stress is established, which quantifies the effects of mechanical and thermal loads on the formation of residual compressive stresses. The results show that the feed rate of each tooth and the blade edge radius play an important role in the residual compressive stress of the milling surface. The prediction models of surface residual stress for thermal load, mechanical load, feed per tooth and radius are established. Secondly, the ratio α of the feed rate per tooth fz to the blade edge radius r is calculated. When αxx = 0.42 ~ 0.65 and αyy = 0.36 ~ 0.7, the surface residual compressive stress in X and Y directions of the workpiece reaches the maximum value. Thus, the ratio of the feed rate per tooth fz to the blade edge radius r is optimized to control the mechanical and thermal load quantization. It realizes active control of residual compressive stress on workpiece surface.
PARS: a bioinformatic tool for Protein Assignment Regarding Secondary structure
Authors: Fathinavid Amirhosein , Heshmati Emran , Khalifeh Khosrow 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Based on the statistical observation, sequence motifs have been introduced as regular patterns of amino acids that convey a specific structural or functional feature to a group of proteins. But, there is no report about the frequency distribution of the short lengths regularities (such as dipeptides) regarding its structural feature. To find a systematic view about the issue as mentioned above, we developed a bioinformatics tool, namely, PARS (Protein Assignment Regarding Secondary Structure), to enumerate all possible di- and tri-peptides in a given protein structure accompanied by assigning secondary structural elements for the first and second residues. This program can extract structural information of a PDB file, and determines the frequency distribution of 16 and 64 possible secondary structural of possible dipeptides and tripeptides respectively. It is implemented in C# programming language using the dynamic programming method. Using the structural files of a group of proteins, one can construct a detailed structural dataset for further analysis. Other applications include systems biology studies and logical designing of mutations. As an example, a brief description of the published article will be introduced at the end of this paper. This program is freely available for download at: http://www.znu.ac.ir/members/newpage/702/en
A predictable prospect of the South Asian summer monsoon
Authors: Zhang Tuantuan , Jiang Xingwen , Yang Song , Chen Junwen , Li Zhenning 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Prediction of the South Asian summer monsoon (SASM) has remained a challenge for both scientific research and operational climate prediction for decades. By identifying two dominant modes of the SASM, we show that the unsatisfactory prediction may be due to the fact that the existing SASM indices are mostly related to the less predictable second mode. The first mode, in fact, is highly predictable. It is physically linked to the variation of the Indian monsoon trough coupled with large rainfall anomalies over core monsoon zone and the northern Bay of Bengal. An index is constructed as a physical proxy of this first mode, which can be well predicted one season in advance, with an overall skill of 0.698 for 1979-2020. This result suggests a predictable prospect of the SASM, and we recommend the new index for real-time monitoring and prediction of the SASM.
Anomalous circularly polarized light emission caused by the chirality-driven topological electronic properties
Authors: Wan Li , Liu Yizhou , Fuchter Matthew , Yan Binghai 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Chirality of organic molecules is characterized by selective absorption and emission of circularly-polarized light (CPL). A consensus for chiral emission (absorption) is that molecular chirality determines the favored light handedness regardless of the light-emitting (incident) direction. Refreshing above textbook knowledge, we discover an unconventional CPL emission effect in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), where counter-propagating CPLs exhibit opposite handedness. This direction-dependent CPL emission boosts the net polarization rate by orders of magnitude in OLED devices by resolving the long-lasting back-electrode reflection problem. The anomalous CPL emission originates in a ubiquitous topological electronic property in chiral materials, i.e., the orbital-momentum locking. Our work paves the way to design novel chiroptoelectronic devices and reveals that chiral materials, topological electrons, and CPL have intimate connections in the quantum regime.
Rates, Facilitators, and Barriers to Exclusive Breastfeeding among Syrian Refugee Mothers: A Cross-sectional Survey
Authors: Halasa Suhaila , Safadi Reema , Al-Maharma Dua' , Ahmad Muayyad , Saleh Mohammed , Nabolsi Manar , Dohrn Jennifer 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: Exclusive breastfeeding becomes more crucial for infants’ survival during humanitarian crises. The purpose of this study was to assess breastfeeding rates and identify the facilitators of and barriers to exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) among Syrian refugee mothers residing in host communities in Jordan.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional survey using a proportional quota sampling technique was employed. The sample consisted of 523 Syrian refugee mothers with an infant less than or equal to six months old. A developed questionnaire was used to collect door-to-door data over a period of six months. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used. Results: This study demonstrated low rates of (EBF) (35.8 %), low early initiation rate (37%), and high pre-lacteal feeding rate (64.3%) among Syrian refugee mothers. The facilitators of adherence to (EBF) included mothers’ satisfaction with breastfeeding, past breastfeeding experience, and giving birth to a female infant. The main barriers to breastfeeding included perceptions of insufficient milk supply, perceptions of the infant staying hungry after breastfeeding, and mothers’ and infants’ health problems. Conclusions: The findings revealed factors that are modifiable with appropriate counseling efforts. Considering the facilitators and barriers of EBF, nurses and midwives must encourage refugee mothers to initiate and continue EBF to promote both mothers’ and infants’ well-being.