bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Designing an optical filter based on subwavelength grating slot waveguide embedded with phase-change material
Authors: Moshfeghifar Shabnam , Abbasian Karim , Gilarlue Mohsen M. , Tavakoli Ghazi Jahani Mohammad A. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In the past decades, photonic integrated circuits have been considered to overcome the bandwidth limitations of electronics circuits. However, photonic devices have yet to offer the same reconfigurability and programmability available in their electronics counterpart. This challenge can be addressed by integrating phase-change materials such as Ge2Sb2Te5 (GST) into photonic devices. We inserted a periodic arrangement of GST in a subwavelength grating (SWG) slot waveguide in order to have an optical filter with Bragg grating. The non-volatile and reversible phase-transition of GST, embedded in the silicon SWG slot waveguide, enables us to design a reconfigurable notch filter without static power consumption. The three-dimensional finite-difference time-domain (3D FDTD) simulation confirms that it is possible to create a 6.1 nm blueshift at the middle of the passband only by changing and controlling the phase transition of the GST. The spectral characteristics and their dependences on the geometrical parameters are investigated. The comparison of our filter with a conventional slot waveguide clearly indicates that the SWG slot waveguide provides a larger wavelength shift upon phase-transition of GST. Moreover, the SWG structure greatly improves the extinction ratio of the notch filter.
Composition-dependent interdiffusivity matrices of ordered bcc_B2 phase in ternary Ni–Al–Ru system at 1273∼1473 K
Authors: Li Qin , Zhong Jing , Tang Ying , Deng Chunming , Zhang Lijun 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn this paper, 5 Ni–Al–Ru ternary and 2 NiAl/RuAl binary equilibrium alloys were prepared, and their lattice parameters were evaluated by using the X-ray diffraction technique. The relation between the lattice parameters and Ru content satisfies Vegard’s law, confirming that a continuous single bcc_B2 phase exists between NiAl and RuAl in the ternary Ni–Al–Ru system. After that, three diffusion couples located in the bcc_B2 phase region were prepared at 1273, 1373 and 1473 K, respectively. With the presently measured concentration profiles, the composition-dependent interdiffusivity matrices along the entire diffusion paths were efficiently determined by using theHigh-throughputDetermination ofInterdiffusionCoefficients (HitDIC) software. The obtained interdiffusivities show a good agreement with the limited experimental data in the literature. Furthermore, the present results show that the addition of Ru to bcc_B2 NiAl alloys can significantly inhibit the interdiffusion rate of Ni, indicating that the bcc_B2 Ru-containing NiAl bond coats can serve as a potential diffusion barrier for Ni-based superalloy substrate.
Physical Therapists' and Physical Therapist Students' Experiences and Views on the Provision of Physical Therapy Services to People With Dementia: A Scoping Review
Authors: White Laura W. , Dawson Nicole , Saale Blair P. , Lemley Trey 
Published: April 2022

Background and Purpose:
Physical therapists (PTs) require specialized education and training to increase the capacity and competence of the dementia care workforce. Four areas of critical dementia workforce education and training gaps that apply to the physical therapy profession have been identified, including recruitment/retention, financing and cost of training, interprofessional education, and translation/implementation of effective dementia care. A critical step in developing effective training programs and educational curricula is to understand PTs' and PT students' experiences and views on working with people with dementia (PwD). Therefore, the purpose of this scoping review was to examine the extent and types of evidence that explore the experiences and views of PTs and PT students on the provision of physical therapy services to PwD.

Methods:
The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), PsychINFO, ERIC, PEDro, Web of Science, and Medline databases and sources of gray literature were searched for sources of evidence that met the inclusion criteria of the review protocol. The literature was mapped according to author, participant role, setting, publication type, study design, study aim, key findings, and dementia workforce training gaps addressed.

Results and Discussion:
A total of 552 sources of evidence were screened for eligibility, and 16 studies were selected for inclusion. Twelve studies included PTs as participants, and 5 included PT students. Included sources explored PTs' experiences, behaviors, knowledge, attitudes, and confidence in working with PwD and the influence of educational, organizational, and other factors on these domains. Challenges to and strategies for delivering effective care to PwD were examined in multiple sources. The 4 areas of critical dementia workforce education and training gaps were each addressed by at least 1 of the included studies.

Conclusions:
The current body of literature identifies several gaps in both research and education that need to be addressed before our profession is truly prepared to effectively manage this challenging population of patients with specialized needs.
Activity Subspaces in Medial Prefrontal Cortex Distinguish States of the World
Authors: Maggi Silvia , Humphries Mark D. 
Published: April 2022

Medial prefrontal cortex (mPfC) activity represents information about the state of the world, including present behavior, such as decisions, and the immediate past, such as short-term memory. Unknown is whether information about different states of the world are represented in the same mPfC neural population and, if so, how they are kept distinct. To address this, we analyze here mPfC population activity of male rats learning rules in a Y-maze, with self-initiated choice trials to an arm end followed by a self-paced return during the intertrial interval (ITI). We find that trial and ITI population activity from the same population fall into different low-dimensional subspaces. These subspaces encode different states of the world: multiple features of the task can be decoded from both trial and ITI activity, but the decoding axes for the same feature are roughly orthogonal between the two task phases, and the decodings are predominantly of features of the present during the trial but features of the preceding trial during the ITI. These subspace distinctions are carried forward into sleep, where population activity is preferentially reactivated in post-training sleep but differently for activity from the trial and ITI subspaces. Our results suggest that the problem of interference when representing different states of the world is solved in mPfC by population activity occupying different subspaces for the world states, which can be independently decoded by downstream targets and independently addressed by upstream inputs.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTActivity in the medial prefrontal cortex plays a role in representing the current and past states of the world. We show that during a maze task, the activity of a single population in medial prefrontal cortex represents at least two different states of the world. These representations were sequential and sufficiently distinct that a downstream population could separately read out either state from that activity. Moreover, the activity representing different states is differently reactivated in sleep. Different world states can thus be represented in the same medial prefrontal cortex population but in such a way that prevents potentially catastrophic interference between them.
Švedų kalbos gramatika / Swedish Grammar
Authors: Dambrauskaitė Muralienė Ramunė 
Published: April 2022

Švedų kalbos gramatika – mokomoji knyga, visų pirma, skirta, aukštųjų mokyklų studentams, studijuojantiems švedų kalbą. Knyga taip pat skirta visiems, kurie švedų kalbos mokosi kursuose ar savarankiškai, domisi šia kalba, ir švedų kalbos mokytojams.
Knygoje išsamiai aprašytos švedų kalbos dalių gramatinės kategorijos ir formos, jų vartosena, aptarta sakinio struktūra ir konstrukcijos, pateiktos pagrindinės skyrybos taisyklės, pabaigoje pridėtas dažniausių netaisyklingųjų veiksmažodžių sąrašas ir rodyklė. Gramatika gausiai iliustruota švedų kalbos vartosenos pavyzdžiais, jie išversti į lietuvių kalbą. Knygoje daug lentelių ir schemų, skirtų mokymui(si) palengvinti.
Swedish grammar is a study book, that is primarilly intended for Lithuanian students of higher education who are studying the Swedish language. The book is also intended for anyone who learns Swedish independently, in a course, or is interested in the language, as well as teachers of Swedish.
The book provides a detailed description of the structure of Swedish – word classes, forms of inflection and usage, sentence structure and constructions, as well as essential punctuation rules, and a list of the most common irregular verbs. The book incorporates a large number of Swedish usage examples with translation into Lithuanian, a detailed contents list, many tables for extra clarity and a detailed index.
The evolution of VET systems as a combination of economic, social and educational aims. The case of Swiss VET
Authors: Bonoli Lorenzo , Gonon Philipp 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Vocational education and training (VET) systems around the world serve many aims, the most important of which can be grouped into three main aims: economic, social and educational aims. These different aims find their roots in different socio-cultural and economic contexts and their importance in the functioning of the systems evolves according to the times. Our contribution proposes a reflection on the centrality of the notion of aims in order to better understand and describe the functioning of VET systems. By adopting an exploratory approach based on discourse analysis, we will show the interest in using this notion to build a theoretical framework that facilitates international comparisons between VET systems and also the description of their evolution from the past to the future. To exemplify the relevance of this exploratory approach, the contribution will propose a description of the evolution of the Swiss VET system from 1880 up to 2030, based on the articulation of economic, social and educational aims.
Türkiye ve dünyada orman ürünleri sanayi sektörüne ait bazı ürünlerin karşılaştırmalı analizleri
Authors: YILDIRIM İbrahim , EMİROĞLU Eyşan 
Published: April 2022

Orman ürünleri endüstrisinin ulusal ve uluslararası ticaretteki yeri çok önemlidir. Orman ürünleri endüstrisinin pek çok sektörle ileri ve geri nitelikte bağlantılı halde bulunması ve bu sektörlere önemli bir girdi kaynağı olabilmesi de önem arz etmektedir. Orman ürünleri denince akla pek çok ürün gelmektedir. Bu çalışmada ise ürün bazında odun esaslı levhalar, kereste, endüstriyel yuvarlak odunlar, kağıt ve karton, yonga levhalar ve lif levhalar kullanılmış olup bu ürünlerin üretim, ihracat ve ithalat miktar ve değerlerinin belirlenen ülkeler arasında karşılaştırılması yapılmıştır.
Çalışmanın amacı, ülkemizin orman ürünleri sanayi alanındaki konumunu belirlemektir. Odun esaslı levhalar bakımından Türkiye dış ticaret fazlası olan ülkeler arasında olup 13. sıradadır. Ayrıca Türkiye üretimde 9. sırada, ithalatta 14. sırada, ihracatta ise 15. sırada yer almaktadır. İmalat sanayi yapılanması içerisinde önemli bir konuma sahip olan orman ürünleri sanayi sektörüne ait belirlenen ürünlerin karşılaştırılmasının yapılması amacıyla Aşamalı Kümeleme Analizi ve Ayırma Analizi istatistik yöntemlerinden yararlanılmıştır.
Testing Earthquake Nucleation Length Scale with Pawnee Aftershocks
Authors: Wu Bill S. , McLaskey Gregory C. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The interpretation of precursory seismicity can depend on a critical nucleation length scale h*, yet h* is largely unconstrained in the seismogenic crust. To estimate h* and associated earthquake nucleation processes at 2–7 km depths in Oklahoma, we studied seismic activity occurring prior to nine M 2.5–3.0 earthquakes that are aftershocks of the 3 September 2016 M 5.8 Pawnee, Oklahoma, earthquake. Four of the nine M 2.5–3.0 aftershocks studied did not have detectable seismicity within a 2 km radius of their hypocenters in the preceding 16 hr time windows. For the other five events, which did exhibit foreshock sequences, we estimated the static stress changes associated with each event of each sequence based on precise earthquake relocations and magnitude estimates. By carefully examining the spatiotemporal characteristics, we found all five of these M 2.5–3.0 aftershocks, and 70% of our studied events were plausibly triggered via static stress transfer from nearby earthquakes occurring hours to seconds earlier, consistent with the cascade nucleation model and a small h* in this region. The smallest earthquakes we could quantitatively study were M −1.5 events, which likely have 1–2 m rupture dimensions. The existence of these small events also supports a small nucleation length scale h*≤1  m, consistent with laboratory estimates. However, our observations cannot rule out more complicated earthquake initiation processes involving interactions between foreshocks and slow slip. Questions also remain as to whether aftershocks initiate differently from more isolated earthquakes.
Contabilidad social para una gestión estratégica integral
Authors: Echanove Franco Alfonso 
Published: April 2022

El consenso alcanzado a nivel global con la declaración de la Agenda 2030 marcó un hito importante en la sensibilización del tejido empresarial por incorporar el valor social en el desarrollo de su actividad. Era el reflejo de una creciente exigencia social e institucional, tendencia que la pandemia de la Covid 19 no ha hecho sino reforzar y acelerar. En este contexto, las empresas han reaccionado subrayando su preocupación por la generación de valor social, han retomado con fuerza el concepto de propósito empresarial para comunicar el fin social que persiguen y han adaptado los sistemas de reporte a las exigencias del entorno. Con todo, sigue existiendo un gap importante entre la declaración del propósito y los resultados obtenidos, dos de los hitos clave del proceso de gestión estratégica en la empresa. En la raíz del problema está la falta de información social equiparable a la información económico-financiera, cuya utilización resulta inexcusable para formular y dar seguimiento a la estrategia de empresa. Los resultados de esta investigación permiten proponer el modelo poliédrico de contabilidad social como un sistema idóneo para posibilitar una efectiva integración del valor social en la estrategia de empresa.
Recibido: 27 octubre 2021Aceptado: 25 enero 2022
Medir lo que importa: la contabilidad social y los objetivos de desarrollo sostenible
Authors: Mendoza Jiménez Javier , Guzmán Pérez Beatriz , Pérez Monteverde María Victoria 
Published: April 2022

La importancia que ha adquirido el estudio de la sostenibilidad en los últimos años es indiscutible. Sin embargo, a pesar de la evolución de los últimos 35 años, todavía no existe un sistema aceptado universalmente que permita medir de manera fiable la contribución de las organizaciones a la misma. En este artículo se propone la Contabilidad Social como una vía para relacionar las acciones realizadas por las entidades con los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible y comprobar en forma monetaria su impacto. Para ello, se toman como caso de estudio dos entidades de la Economía Social, una Cofradía y una SAT que han realizado el proceso de monetización del valor social. Los resultados muestran que el ODS 8 concentra una mayor parte del impacto y que la SAT, una entidad de mayor tamaño y con más actividad relacional, contribuye a un mayor número de objetivos.
Recibido: 2 noviembre 2021Aceptado: 9 enero 2022
MEASURING THE ROLE OF NON-PERFORMING FINANCING IN BOOSTING PROFITABILITY OF ISLAMIC COMMERCIAL BANKS
Authors: Pujiyanty Lusy , Puspita Rosana Eri , Mochlasin Mochlasin 
Published: April 2022

This study was conducted to analyze the effect of Murabahah financing, Capital Adequacy Ratio, and Financing to Deposit Ratio on Profitability with non-performing financing as moderating variables in Indonesian Sharia Commercial Banks. This research was conducted to prove the influence of the dependent and independent variables. The research method used in this study is quantitative. Data analysis in this study is multiple linear regression analysis. This study uses annual secondary data from islamic commercial banks from 2015 to 2019. The data is using an Eviews9 application. The study results after the classical assumption test showed that the variables of Murabahah financing, CAR, FDR, and non-performing financing passed the test. The test results show that partially Murabahah, CAR, and FDR financing variables have a positive and significant effect on ROA. Non-performing financing can weaken the impact of Murabahah, CAR, and FDR financing on ROA. The implication of this research is the result of this study can be used as an effort to increase and further strengthen their performance to minimize the occurrence of non-performing financing, which affects the profitability of the islamic commercial bank.
Experimental Study on Influences of Self-Preservation Effects and Memory Effects on the Hydrate Decomposition Process
Authors: Li Zhan-dong , Tian Xin , Li Zhong , Xu Jin-ze , Zhang Hai-xiang , Gan Bi-Cheng , Li Li 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In order to explore the characteristics of the hydrate decomposition behavior at the pore scale, this study carries out a pore-scale experimental study of methane hydrate decomposition based on the high-pressure visual model under the etched glass. A mathematical model is also constructed to analyze the behavioral characteristic of the self-preservation effect and memory effect during the hydrate decomposition period. This study draws the following conclusions: (1) The self-preservation effect and memory effect exist during the methane hydrate decomposition lead by depressurization, which generally inhibits the hydrate decomposition process. (2) The hydrate self-preservation effect is a transition of the surface water film’s phase state to inhibit the methane hydrate decomposition, in which the liquid phase transforms into a metastable “quasiliquid film”. (3) The multiple syntheses induced by the hydrate memory effect are a periodic attenuation process. The times of synthesis are a critical factor affecting the hydrate gas production and decomposition rate. (4) The self-preservation and memory effects during the hydrate decomposition period are associated with each other. The two are correlated at some degree with playing a dominant role alternately at different stages. The self-preservation effect is an abnormal behavior of the hydrate, which refers to the hydrate’s transition from the solid phase to the gas-liquid mixed phase. The memory effect is another abnormal behavior, which refers to the transition from the gas-liquid mixed phase to the solid phase. The sustaining pressure drop is the key reason of the disappearance of the two effects. This research was aimed at providing a theoretical basis for the exploitation and optimization of marine natural gas hydrates.
Assessment of sexual dysfunction in patients with multiple sclerosis: a perspective from neurologist
Authors: Gaviria Mariana , Salas Paola Andrea Ortiz , Florez Silvia Juliana Bueno 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Sexual dysfunction (SD) is a common comorbidity in people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS). It affects the quality of life and remains an overlooked condition. We will describe how Colombian neurologists assess and treat SD in pwMS.Methods: In this observational cross-sectional study we developed a questionnaire for neurologists with 4 sections ( demographic data, evaluation and treatment of SD, and possible reasons for not discussing sexual dysfunction.) It was sent via email to 326 Colombian neurologists. We grouped the answers according to the type of consultation (neurologists from a MS program or no MS program). We described through absolute frequencies and proportions. Results: 50 neurologists answered the survey, 5 have never attend pwMS; the section 2-4 was not answered by them. 29% work in a MS program, all of them asked their patients about sexual function, but 18.75% of physicians working outside an MS program have never asked about it. Reasons for not talking about sexual dysfunction were lack of knowledge (65.1%), presence of a companion (65.1%) and lack of time (55.8%). 91% of the neurologists reported that their patients usually and frequently ask about sexual function. Neurologists use informal questions to assess sexual function (80%), although 64.4% said that they are aware of SD questionnaires. When sexual dysfunction is detected, 91% of neurologists refer patients to another specialist and 87% do not start any treatmentConclusions: Colombian neurologists are concerned about sexual function. There is still a gap in the treatment and evaluation of sexual dysfunction.
Fragmentation by major dams and implications for the future viability of platypus populations
Authors: Mijangos Jose , Bino Gilad , Hawke Tahneal , Kolomyjec Stephen , Kingsford Richard , Sidhu Harvinder , Grant Thomas , Day Jenna , Dias Kimberly , Gongora Jaime , Sherwin William 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Populations of the evolutionarily unique platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus) have experienced major declines and local extinctions from a range of historical and recent interacting threats, including fur trade, land clearing, water resource developments (dams and extractions), invasive species, fire, pollution, and urbanisation. Although spending most of their time in the water, platypuses can move over land. Nevertheless, significant uncertainties remain whether major dams across the platypus’ distribution pose barriers to movement, limiting gene flow and dispersal, which are essential evolutionary and ecological processes. Here we examined disruption of gene flow between platypus groups below and above major dams (wall height > 10 m). Platypuses were surveyed above and below five major dams, matched to four adjacent rivers without major dams. Genetic differentiation (FST) across dams was 4- to 20- fold higher than along similar stretches of adjacent undammed rivers; FST across dams was similar to differentiation between adjacent river systems. This indicates that major dams represent significant barriers for platypus movements. Furthermore, FST between populations was significantly correlated with the year in which the dam was built, increasing by 0.011 every generation (7.9 years), reflecting the effects of these barriers on platypus genetics. This study provides evidence of gene flow restriction, which jeopardises the long-term viability of platypus populations when populations are fragmented by major dams. Alternatives to large dam construction, such as building of by-pass structures and translocation between upstream and downstream populations, should be considered in water conservation and management planning.