bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intake assessments of salivary cortisol, survey responses, and adverse childhood experiences are associated with recovery success in an abstinence‐based treatment program for substance use disorders
Authors: Maddox‐Rooper Taylor R. , Sklioutouskaya‐Lopez Kristiana , Sturgill Trenton , Fresch Caroline , Clements Charles W. , Lamichhane Rajan , Egleton Richard , Davies Todd H. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundConnecting patients to treatment for a substance use disorder (SUD) that satisfies their needs is often complicated by confounding factors. A reliable measurement of patients' underlying stress level may be helpful because it often reflects many of the same confounders as their SUD. Whereas cortisol levels reflect physiological responses to stress, patients' cortisol levels during recovery from an SUD may serve as biomarkers for stressors that result in poor treatment outcomes, including early discontinuation of treatment. However, further exploration of the relationship between patients' cortisol levels and their treatment outcomes is needed for this approach to be clinically useful.MethodsWe enrolled participants from an abstinence‐based, male‐only, residential alcohol and drug recovery program to examine the relationship between salivary cortisol, stress exposure, ACEs, and treatment retention.ResultsParticipants who remained in the program <90 days had significantly higher initial cortisol levels than those who remained ≥90 days (0.62 ± 0.074 μg/dl vs. 0.36 ± 0.037 μg/dl). Kaplan–Meier curves differed significantly when we grouped participants according to whether their cortisol level was below or above the overall average of 0.49 ± 0.044 μg/dl, with the median numbers of days before discontinuing being 110 and 60, respectively. A Cox proportional hazards model indicated that elevated salivary cortisol (with increases in μg/dl), marital/relationship status, and adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) score correlated significantly with hazards of discontinuing the program (hazard ratios for the three factors were 3.49, 2.39, and 1.50, respectively).DiscussionCortisol level may predict, at least partially, SUD treatment program retention regardless of individuals' numerous confounding factors or the substance used. If this approach is validated, it could enable providers to consider patients' cortisol levels at the time of admission to treatment to facilitate their retention in treatment and thereby enhance their recovery.
Bayesian hierarchical mixture models for detecting non‐normal clusters applied to noisy genomic and environmental datasets
Authors: Zhang Huizi , Swallow Ben , Gupta Mayetri 
Published: August 2022

SummaryClustering to find subgroups with common features is often a necessary first step in the statistical modelling and analysis of large and complex datasets. Although follow‐up analyses often make use of complex statistical models that are appropriate for the specific application, most popular clustering approaches are either nonparametric, or based on Gaussian mixture models and their variants, often for reasons of computational efficiency. Certain characteristics in the data, such as the presence of outliers, or non‐ellipsoidal cluster shapes, that are common in modern scientific datasets, often lead these methods to fail to detect the cluster components accurately. In this article, we present two efficient and robust Bayesian clustering approaches that seek to overcome these limitations—a model‐based ‘tight’ clustering approach to cluster points in the presence of outliers, and a hierarchical Laplace mixture‐based approach to cluster heavy‐tailed and otherwise non‐normal cluster components—and illustrate their power and accuracy in detecting meaningful clusters in datasets from genomics, imaging and the environmental sciences.
Tolerance to sterilised cow's milk in patients with eosinophilic oesophagitis triggered by milk
Authors: González‐Cervera Jesús , Arias Ángel , Navarro Pilar , Juárez‐Tosina Rocío , Cobo‐Palacios María , Olalla José M. , Angueira‐Lapeña Teresa , Lucendo Alfredo J. 
Published: August 2022

SummaryBackgroundCow's milk protein is the main food trigger for eosinophilic oesophagitis (EoE) in children and adults and should be continuously avoided once identified as such.AimsTo evaluate tolerance of sterilised cow's milk (boiled instead of UHT processing) with regard to maintenance of EoE remission, health‐related quality of life (HRQoL), nutritional intake and allergic sensitisation in patients of all ages with milk‐triggered EoEMethodsWe prospectively recruited patients in whom cow's milk was demonstrated to trigger EoE after an empirical food elimination diet‐based study. They were given 200 ml of sterilised cow's milk twice daily for 8 weeks. Endoscopic assessment, peak eosinophil counts, oesophageal‐related symptoms, HRQoL, blood eosinophils, eosinophil cationic protein (ECP), skin prick test and serum total and specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) to major milk proteins were monitored before and after sterilised milk intake.ResultsEighteen patients (13 male) in EoE remission underwent a sterilised milk challenge. Twelve maintained EoE remission (<15 eos/hpf) while EoE recurred in the remainder. Endoscopic appearances deteriorated in non‐tolerant patients. HRQoL scored well at baseline and was maintained among patients tolerant to sterilised milk, but deteriorated in reactive ones. No significant changes in blood eosinophil count, ECP, tryptase or total and milk‐specific IgE serum levels were observed from baseline. However, cow's milk‐specific IgE increased slightly in non‐tolerant patients. Clinical and histological remission were maintained in patients who regularly consumed sterilised milk for 1 year.ConclusionSterilised milk did not trigger EoE in two‐thirds of patients with documented milk‐induced EoE, in either the short or long term.
Plasma mid‐regional pro‐adrenomedullin: A biomarker of the ischemic penumbra in hyperacute stroke
Authors: Ishiyama Hiroyuki , Tanaka Tomotaka , Saito Satoshi , Koyama Teruhide , Kitamura Akihiro , Inoue Manabu , Fukushima Naoya , Morita Yoshiaki , Koga Masatoshi , Toyoda Kazunori , Kuriyama Nagato , Urushitani Makoto , Ihara Masafumi 
Published: August 2022

AbstractReperfusion therapy has improved the outcomes of ischemic stroke but also emphasized the importance of ischemic penumbra. However, blood biomarkers are currently unavailable for this region. Adrenomedullin (ADM) is a neuroprotective peptide, secreted in a compensatory response to brain ischemia. We thus investigated whether an increase in mid‐regional pro‐ADM (MR‐proADM), a stable peptide fragment of the ADM precursor, could act as a biomarker by predicting the ischemic penumbra in hyperacute ischemic stroke (HAIS). We prospectively enrolled consecutive HAIS patients (n = 119; median age, 77 years; male, 59.7%) admitted to our institutes from July 2017 to March 2019 and evaluated plasma MR‐proADM levels within 4.5 h of onset. MR‐proADM levels in HAIS were compared to healthy controls (n = 1298; median age, 58 years; male, 33.2%) in the Japan Multi‐Institutional Collaborative Cohort Study from 2013 to 2017. Furthermore, we evaluated whether MR‐proADM levels were associated with the penumbra estimated by clinical‐diffusion mismatch (CDM) (National Institute of Health Stroke Scale [NIHSS] ≥8, diffusion ischemic core volume ≤25 ml), or magnetic resonance angiography‐diffusion‐weighted imaging mismatch (MDM) (NIHSS ≥5, a proximal vessel occlusion with core volume ≤25 ml, or a proximal vessel stenosis/distal vessel occlusion with core volume ≤15 ml). In a case–control study, multivariate logistic analysis showed a significant association between HAIS and MR‐proADM ≥0.54 nmol/L (adjusted odds ratio, 7.92 [95% CI, 4.17–15.02], p < 0.001). Though MR‐proADM levels in HAIS did not correlate with the ischemic core volume (rs = 0.09, p = 0.348), they were higher in HAIS with CDM (n = 34; 0.81 vs. 0.61 nmol/L, p < 0.001) or MDM (n = 26; 0.83 vs. 0.62 nmol/L, p = 0.002). These differences remained significant after adjusting baseline factors (adjusted odds ratio, 4.06 [95% CI, 1.31–12.55], p = 0.015 and 4.65 [1.35–16.11], p = 0.015, respectively). Plasma MR‐proADM is elevated in HAIS, especially in those with a substantial penumbra, suggesting potential as a blood biomarker in this region.
The pathogenesis of cryptoglandular anal fistula: New insight into the immunological profile
Authors: Litta Francesco , Papait Andrea , Lucchetti Donatella , Farigu Serafina , Parello Angelo , Tenore Claudio Ricciardi , Campennì Paola , Silini Antonietta Rosa , Giustiniani Maria Cristina , Parolini Ornella , Sgambato Alessandro , Ratto Carlo 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAimThe aetiology of cryptoglandular anal fistula (AF) is poorly understood. Evidence suggests that persistence and/or recurrence of the disease is more related to inflammatory than infectious factors. The aim of this study was to investigate the immune profile of cryptoglandular AF and to perform a histopathological characterization.MethodFistulectomy was performed in all patients; healthy ischioanal fat from the same patients was used as a control. Samples were evaluated by the Luminex xMAP system for the detection of 27 analytes. AF tissues were analysed using immunofluorescence. Staining was performed using primary antibodies to identify M1 inflammatory and M2 anti‐inflammatory macrophages. Selective staining of total T lymphocytes and different T lymphocyte subsets was performed.ResultsTwenty patients with AF underwent a fistulectomy. Specific cytokine pathways differentiated AF from healthy tissue: pro‐inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)‐1β, IL‐4, IL‐8 and IL‐17 and the anti‐inflammatory cytokine IL‐10 were overexpressed in AF compared with controls. Chemokines involved in macrophage recruitment (CCL2, CCL3, CCL4) were higher in AF than in healthy fatty tissue. Moreover, we showed that Tc17 cells characterize AF patients, thus confirming the enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay data. Furthermore, elevated infiltration of CD68+ myeloid cells and a reduction of the M1/M2 ratio characterize AF patients.ConclusionA combination of inflammatory cytokines, chemokines and growth factors reside in the wound microenvironment of AF patients. For the first time an important prevalence of Tc17 cells and a reduction in the M1/M2 ratio was observed, thus suggesting new insights into the immunological characterization of AF patients.
Identification of Aphis coronillae (Hemiptera: Aphididae) clones with anholocyclic life cycle
Authors: Tsukahara Takanori , Xue Jiqing , Kagawa Kiyohiko , Sonoda Shoji 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis study examined the life history traits of Aphis coronillae Ferrari (Hemiptera: Aphididae) clones collected in Utsunomiya City, Tochigi Prefecture, eastern Japan. Results showed that the collected clones are classifiable into two life cycle forms: holocyclic and anholocyclic. No significant difference in nymphal development, fecundity, or adult longevity was observed between holocyclic and anholocyclic clones. Results also indicated that photoperiod and temperature affect sexual morph production in holocyclic clones.
Development and evaluation of a chewing gum containing antimicrobial peptide GH12 for caries prevention
Authors: Jiang Xuelian , Wang Yufei , Li Xinwei , Feng Zening , Zeng Yuhao , Han Sili , Takahashi Nobuhiro , Zhang Linglin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to develop a chewing gum containing a novel antimicrobial peptide GH12 and evaluate its biocompatibility, antimicrobial activity, and caries‐preventive effects in vivo and in vitro. GH12 chewing gum was developed using a conventional method and its extracts were prepared in artificial saliva. GH12 concentration in the extracts was determined by high‐performance liquid chromatography; extracts were used for growth curve assay, time‐kill assay, crystal violet staining assay, scanning electron microscopy, and Cell Counting Kit‐8 assay. A rat caries model was established, and molars were treated topically with extracts for 5 weeks. Weight gain monitoring, hematoxylin‐eosin staining, micro‐computed tomography, and Keyes scoring were conducted. Significant inhibition of Streptococcus mutans growth and biofilm formation was observed. Extracts displayed low cytotoxicity against human gingival epithelial cells. No significant differences in weight gain or signs of harm to the mucosal tissues in any of the rats were observed. Keyes scores of caries lesions in the GH12 chewing gum group were lower than those of the negative control group. It was concluded that GH12 chewing gum showed good biocompatibility, antimicrobial activity, and caries‐preventive effects, exhibiting great potential to prevent dental caries as an adjuvant to regular oral hygiene.
Mental health‐related internet use by people with a diagnosis of chronic psychiatric disorder, attending community mental health centres
Authors: Yakişir Abdurrahman , Duman Zekiye Çeinkaya 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundThere is little information on Internet use for obtaining mental health information among individuals with chronic psychiatric disorders, who are receiving services from community mental health centres (CMHCs).ObjectiveTo investigate the mental health information‐seeking behaviour of individuals with chronic psychiatric disorders who attend CMHCs.MethodThis is a cross‐sectional descriptive study. The data was collected by questionnaire (structured interview format) (n = 135 participants). The collected data were analysed with descriptive statistics and chi‐square test.ResultsIt was found that 75.6% of the participants used the internet to search for information about mental health problems. Although the information retrieved from the internet was frequently or occasionally shared with the mental health team (19.6% and 40.2% of the participants, respectively), general online communication with professionals was rare (93.1% of the participants had not contacted mental health professionals).ConclusionsMost participants looked for information about their mental health on the internet. Therefore, mental health professionals should consider how to facilitate professional‐patient therapeutic communication, with acknowledged Internet use by individuals with chronic psychiatric disorders.
Markers of ovarian reserve in women living with HIV: A systematic review
Authors: King Elizabeth M. , Swann Shayda A. , Murray Melanie C. M. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundAnti‐Mullerian hormone (AMH) levels indicate ovarian reserve and are predictive of reproductive aging. Studies evaluating AMH levels in women with HIV have produced conflicting results, and reasons for inter‐study differences have not been assessed. To understand reproductive aging in HIV, we conducted a systematic review of ovarian reserve among women with HIV.MethodsWe searched Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid EMBASE, and CAB Direct for studies including AMH in reproductive‐aged women with HIV. Two reviewers used the Newcastle–Ottawa scale to assess the quality of extracted data.ResultsOf the 315 reports screened, ten met the inclusion criteria. Studies were conducted across seven countries and included 3673 women with HIV and 2342 HIV‐negative women in the comparison group. Ethnic distribution, combination antiretroviral therapy coverage, and viral load suppression varied considerably across studies. Nine of the ten reviewed studies reported lower unadjusted AMH levels in women with HIV than in those without HIV; however, in studies that adjusted for confounders (n = 4), only two showed an association between HIV and AMH. Low CD4 count and high viral load correlated with low AMH in the two largest studies. Other studies found that opioid use and elevated inflammatory markers were associated with low AMH. Study quality varied considerably, and many were of low quality (n = 6).ConclusionCurrent evidence is inconclusive about the relationship between HIV and AMH, although studies suggest a trend toward lower AMH among women with HIV. Future studies that adjust for HIV‐related factors, inflammatory markers, and substance use are needed in the era of contemporary HIV care to confirm the association between HIV and reduced ovarian reserve and establish its underlying cause.
Restoring tree species mixtures mitigates the adverse effects of pine monoculture and drought on forest carabids
Authors: Jouveau Séverin , Poeydebat Charlotte , Castagneyrol Bastien , van Halder Inge , Jactel Hervé 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Habitat degradation and climate change are main drivers of insect species loss worldwide, raising concern about natural forest replacement by tree monocultures in a context of more frequent disturbances like drought. Carabid beetles are emblematic species in ecology because they are often used as indicators of biodiversity and they have important functional roles, particularly predation.
We used a tree diversity experiment with half of the plots irrigated and the other half under summer water stress to test the combined effects of tree species mixing and drought on carabid species and functional diversity.
We observed a qualitative effect of drought on carabid communities, with species turnover mainly due to predator species loss in the drier (non‐irrigated) plots.
We also found that species richness and activity density were lowest in pure pine plots and highest in mixture of pine and birch at low tree density. The likely underlying mechanism is the better provision of food and shelter resources in mixed forests.
The association of pine with birch species could compensate for the loss of carabid beetles observed between pine monocultures benefiting from the water regime of the last century and those subject to current droughts. This suggests that diversifying plantation forests is a promising way to increase their resilience to the adverse effects of climate change.
Public policy towards immigrants in poland’s shrinking cities – The case study of the city of Lomza
Authors: Szalanska Justyna , Gac Justyna , Jastrzebska Ewa , Poplawska Joanna Zuzanna , Moralli Melissa 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSome regions and cities in Poland face challenges due to an accelerating depopulation. Simultaneously, Poland is host to more than 2 million immigrants who mitigate the negative consequences of the population outflow and ageing. While bigger Polish cities adopted particular local strategies and measures addressed to migrants, the situation of smaller cities and towns, especially the shrinking ones, has not yet been explored. Therefore, we took a closer look at Lomza, a downscaled middle‐sized city in the east of Poland where two phenomena occur: the accelerating depopulation caused mainly by the outflow of its residents and an inflow of foreign migrants, both asylum seekers predominantly coming from Russia (Chechnya) and economic migrants mainly from Ukraine. We explored the state of the public policy towards immigrants in Lomza in order to see what a shrinking city can offer its newcomers when it cannot count on national strategy in this regard.
The emergence of digital ecosystem governance: An investigation of responses to disrupted resource control in the Swedish public transport sector
Authors: Ofe Hosea A. , Sandberg Johan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDigital ecosystem governance entails the management of complex, dynamic power relationships. As entrant platform providers seek to cultivate an ecosystem, they must carefully navigate these power relationships when dealing with governance tensions. Providers generally seek to leverage the ecosystem's generative potential by facilitating a variety of interactions and distributing design rights. Simultaneously, they need to ensure stability and order by imposing rules that resolve contentious matters and restrict ecosystem participants' degrees of freedom. This study explores how and why providers can induce ecosystem actors to engage in collaborative negotiation regarding such governance tensions through a case study of the introduction of an open data platform in the Swedish public transport sector. Our analysis offers three main contributions. First, it provides an empirical demonstration that entrepreneurial threats, as well as opportunities, can trigger platform launches and drive collaborative negotiation of digital ecosystem governance. Second, it extends conceptualizations of boundary resources beyond the current focus on transactional elements by demonstrating the role of interactive boundary resources in the negotiation of governance grounded in both social and systemic power relationships. Third, it shows how positive reinforcement can complement punitive measures to increase acceptance of design rules.
Bi‐layered living cellular construct resulted in greater healing in an alloxan‐induced diabetic porcine model
Authors: Avery Justin T. , Qiao Jizeng , Medeiros Erika , Bollenbach Thomas J. , Kimmerling Kelly A. , Mowry Katie C. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTissue‐engineered skin constructs, including bi‐layered living cellular constructs (BLCC) used in the treatment of chronic wounds, are structurally/functionally complex. While some work has been performed to understand their mechanisms, the totality of how BLCC may function in wound healing remains unknown. To this end, we have developed a delayed wound healing model to test BLCC cellular and molecular mechanisms of action. Diabetes was chemically‐induced using alloxan in Yucatan miniature pigs, and full‐thickness wounds were generated on their dorsum. These wounds were either allowed to heal by secondary intention alone (control) or treated with a single or multiple treatments of a porcine autologous BLCC. Results indicated a single treatment with porcine BLCC resulted in statistically significant wound healing at day 17, while four treatments resulted in statistically significant healing on days 10, 13, and 17 compared to control. Statistically accelerated wound closure was driven by re‐epithelialisation rather than contraction or granulation. This porcine diabetic model and the use of a porcine BLCC allowed evaluation of healing responses in vivo without the complications typically seen with either xenogenic responses of human/animal systems or the use of immune compromised animals, expanding the knowledge base around how BLCC may impact chronic wounds.
Anin vitroandex vivowound infection model to test topical and systemic treatment with antibiotics
Authors: Cheng Yanyan , De Bank Paul A. , Bolhuis Albert 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAimsThis study aimed to develop a wound infection model that could be used to test antibiotic-loaded electrospun matrices for the topical treatment of infected skin and compare the effectiveness of this treatment to systemically applied antibiotics.Methods and Results3D-printed flow chambers were made in which Staphylococcus aureus biofilms were grown either on a polycarbonate membrane or explanted porcine skin. The biofilms were then treated either topically, by placing antibiotic-loaded electrospun matrices on top of the biofilms, or systemically by the addition of antibiotics in the growth medium that flowed underneath the membrane or skin. The medium that was used was either a rich medium or an artificial wound fluid. The results showed that microbial viability in the biofilms was reduced to a greater extent with the topical electrospun matrices when compared to systemic treatment.ConclusionsAn ex vivo infection model was developed that is flexible and can be used to test both topical and systemic treatment of wound infections. It represents a significant improvement over previous in vitro models that we have used to test electrospun membranes.Significance and Impact of the StudyThe availability of a relatively simple wound infection model in which different delivery methods and dosage regimes can be tested is beneficial for the development of improved treatments for wound infections.