bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A stable 4-bit ALU design for printed devices
Authors: Suk JunHa , Ahn ChanYeop , Mojahidul Ahsan S M , Kim SoYoung 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Printed devices fabricated using roll-to-roll (R2R) printing technology have been used in low-cost Internet of Things (IoTs), smart packaging and bio-chips. As the area of applications of printed devices broadens, arithmetic units in digital design need to be implemented. In this paper, we propose a stable 4-bit arithmetic logic unit (ALU) design using a minimum number of transistors that can overcome the limitations of printed devices. We propose the use of a 2:1 transmission gate (TG) multiplexer structure and hybrid 16T full-adder to construct the ALU. New design methods are applied to reduce the number of inverter stages added to overcome the voltage degradation. Using this approach reduces the total number of transistors used in the design from 276 to 153, compared to the conventional design, with significant improvements in delay and power performance.
Key properties of inorganic thermoelectric materials—tables (version 1)
Authors: Freer Robert , Ekren Dursun , Ghosh Tanmoy , Biswas Kanishka , Qiu Pengfei , Wan Shun , Chen Lidong , Han Shen , Fu Chenguang , Zhu Tiejun , Ashiquzzaman Shawon A K M , Zevalkink Alexandra , Imasato Kazuki , Snyder G. Jeffrey , Ozen Melis , Saglik Kivanc , Aydemir Umut , Cardoso-Gil Raúl , Svanidze E , Funahashi Ryoji , Powell Anthony V , Mukherjee Shriparna , Tippireddy Sahil , Vaqueiro Paz , Gascoin Franck , Kyratsi Theodora , Sauerschnig Philipp , Mori Takao 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis paper presents tables of key thermoelectric properties, which define thermoelectric conversion efficiency, for a wide range of inorganic materials. The twelve families of materials included in these tables are primarily selected on the basis of well established, internationally-recognized performance and promise for current and future applications: tellurides, skutterudites, half Heuslers, Zintls, Mg–Sb antimonides, clathrates, FeGa3-type materials, actinides and lanthanides, oxides, sulfides, selenides, silicides, borides and carbides. As thermoelectric properties vary with temperature, data are presented at room temperature to enable ready comparison, and also at a higher temperature appropriate to peak performance. An individual table of data and commentary are provided for each family of materials plus source references for all the data.
Learning multi-scale heterogenous network topologies and various pairwise attributes for drug–disease association prediction
Authors: Zhang Hongda , Cui Hui , Zhang Tiangang , Cao Yangkun , Xuan Ping 
Published: January 2022

AbstractMotivationIdentifying new therapeutic effects for the approved drugs is beneficial for effectively reducing the drug development cost and time. Most of the recent computational methods concentrate on exploiting multiple kinds of information about drugs and disease to predict the candidate associations between drugs and diseases. However, the drug and disease nodes have neighboring topologies with multiple scales, and the previous methods did not fully exploit and deeply integrate these topologies.ResultsWe present a prediction method, multi-scale topology learning for drug-disease (MTRD), to integrate and learn multi-scale neighboring topologies and the attributes of a pair of drug and disease nodes. First, for multiple kinds of drug similarities, multiple drug–disease heterogenous networks are constructed respectively to integrate the similarities and associations related to drugs and diseases. Moreover, each heterogenous network has its specific topology structure, which is helpful for learning the corresponding specific topology representation. We formulate the topology embeddings for each drug node and disease node by random walking on each heterogeneous network, and the embeddings cover the neighboring topologies with different scopes. Because the multi-scale topology embeddings have context relationships, we construct Bi-directional long short-term memory-based module to encode these embeddings and their relationships and learn the neighboring topology representation. We also design the attention mechanisms at feature level and at scale level to obtain the more informative pairwise features and topology embeddings. A module based on multi-layer convolutional networks is constructed to learn the representative attributes of the drug–disease node pair according to their related similarity and association information. Comprehensive experimental results indicate that MTRD achieves the superior performance than several state-of-the-art methods for predicting drug–disease associations. MTRD also retrieves more actual drug–disease associations in the top-ranked candidates of the prediction result. Case studies on five drugs further demonstrate MTRD’s ability in discovering the potential candidate diseases for the interested drugs.
Improving one-step scarless genome editing in Drosophila melanogaster by combining ovoD co-CRISPR selection with sgRNA target site masking
Authors: Götze Katharina J , Mrestani Achmed , Beckmann Paula , Krohn Knut , Le Duc Diana , Velluva Akhil , Böhme Mathias A , Heckmann Manfred , Abou Jamra Rami , Lemke Johannes R , Bläker Hendrik , Scholz Nicole , Ljaschenko Dmitrij , Langenhan Tobias 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The precise and rapid construction of alleles through CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome engineering renders Drosophila melanogaster a powerful animal system for molecular structure–function analyses and human disease models. Application of the ovoD co-selection method offers expedited generation and enrichment of scarlessly edited alleles without the need for linked transformation markers, which specifically in the case of exon editing can impact allele usability. However, we found that knockin procedures by homology-directed repair (HDR) under ovoD co-selection resulted in low transformation efficiency. This is likely due to repeated rounds of Cas9 cleavage of HDR donor and/or engineered genomic locus DNA, as noted for other CRISPR/Cas9 editing strategies before, impeding the recovery of correctly edited alleles. Here we provide a one-step protocol to improve the generation of scarless alleles by ovoD-co-selection with single-guide RNA (sgRNA) binding site masking. Using this workflow, we constructed human disease alleles for two Drosophila genes, unc-13/CG2999 and armadillo/CG11579. We show and quantify how a known countermeasure, the insertion of silent point mutations into protospacer adjacent motif (PAM) or sgRNA homology regions, can potently suppress unintended sequence modifications during CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing of D. melanogaster under ovoD co-selection. This strongly increased the recovery frequency of disease alleles.
Service User Involvement and COVID-19—An Afterthought?
Authors: Duffy Joe , Cameron Colin , Casey Helen , Beresford Peter , McLaughlin Hugh 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWe are researchers and activists working in the field of service user involvement for many years in the UK and internationally who are concerned that, during the COVID-19 pandemic, years of progress in service user involvement have been unravelled by service users being left on the outside of key decisions and matters affecting their lives. Instead, we argue, they have become an afterthought. As authors, we combine both academic and service user experience and have been involved in advancing practice, understanding and guidance about the significant contribution that service users bring to knowledge production. This article examines the issues by focusing on the journey of service user involvement before and during the pandemic, as well as on what should come after. Turning to the experiences of disabled people as a case study example, we argue that going back to ‘normal’ would be fundamentally flawed, as evidenced by the marginalised way in which service users have been treated during this period of societal crisis. Our article concludes by urging a reflexive stance to ensure service user involvement re-establishes its pivotal position in public policy and practice.
Chromosome-scale assembly of barley cv. ‘Haruna Nijo’ as a resource for barley genetics
Authors: Sakkour Areej , Mascher Martin , Himmelbach Axel , Haberer Georg , Lux Thomas , Spannagl Manuel , Stein Nils , Kawamoto Shoko , Sato Kazuhiro 
Published: January 2022

AbstractCultivated barley (Hordeum vulgare ssp. vulgare) is used for food, animal feed, and alcoholic beverages and is widely grown in temperate regions. Both barley and its wild progenitor (H. vulgare ssp. spontaneum) have large 5.1-Gb genomes. High-quality chromosome-scale assemblies for several representative barley genotypes, both wild and domesticated, have been constructed recently to populate the nascent barley pan-genome infrastructure. Here, we release a chromosome-scale assembly of the Japanese elite malting barley cultivar ‘Haruna Nijo’ using a similar methodology as in the barley pan-genome project. The 4.28-Gb assembly had a scaffold N50 size of 18.9 Mb. The assembly showed high collinearity with the barley reference genome ‘Morex’ cultivar, with some inversions. The pseudomolecule assembly was characterized using transcript evidence of gene projection derived from the reference genome and de novo gene annotation achieved using published full-length cDNA sequences and RNA-Seq data for ‘Haruna Nijo’. We found good concordance between our whole-genome assembly and the publicly available BAC clone sequence of ‘Haruna Nijo’. Interesting phenotypes have since been identified in Haruna Nijo; its genome sequence assembly will facilitate the identification of the underlying genes.
Surgical resection of Masaoka stage III thymic epithelial tumours with great vessels involvement: a retrospective multicentric analysis from the European Society of Thoracic Surgeons thymic database
Authors: Mendogni Paolo , Toker Alper , Moser Bernhard , Trancho Florentino Hernando , Aigner Clemens , Bravio Ivan Gomes , Novoa Nuria Maria , Molins Laureano , Costardi Lorena , Voltolini Luca , Ardò Nicoletta Pia , Verdonck Bram , Ampollini Luca , Zisis Charlambos , Barmin Vitaly , Enyedi Attila , Ruffini Enrico , Van Raemdonck Dirk , Thomas Pascal-Alexandre , Weder Walter , Rocco Gaetano , Brunelli Alessandro , Detterbeck Frank C , Venuta Federico , Falcoz Pierre-Emmanuel , Tosi Davide , Bonitta Gianluca , Nosotti Mario ,   European Association of Thoracic Surgeons (ESTS) Thymic Working Group, Ozkan Berker , Cımenoglu Berk , Thanner Jürgen , Olivero Carlos Fraile , Alvarado Rodriguez , Boada Marc , Bongiolatti Stefano , Sollitto Francesco , Van Schil Paul , Bocchialini Giovanni , Brioude Geoffrey 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
The aim of this study was to analyse the outcomes of an international cohort of patients affected by Masaoka stage III thymic epithelial tumours with vascular involvement and treated by surgery.

METHODS
Study design was the observational multicentre retrospective cohort study. Data were extracted from the European Society of Thoracic Surgeons thymic database; additional variables were collected. Inclusion criteria were as follows: stage III (Masaoka–Koga) thymic epithelial tumours; surgery with radical intention; clinical or pathological great vessels involvement; and radiologically suspected or diagnosed intraoperatively. Outcome items were analysed.

RESULTS
Sixty-five patients submitted to surgery from 2001 to 2017 fulfilled inclusion criteria. Thymoma and thymic carcinoma patients did not differ for demographics and clinical characteristics. The majority of great vessel treated were superior vena cava or innominate veins (72.3%). Eleven patients (16.9%) had postoperative cardiopulmonary complications; vascular stenosis was observed in 3 patients (4.6%). The multivariable Cox analysis for disease-free survival showed an increased hazard of recurrence for thymic carcinoma (hazard ratio = 3.59; 95% confidence interval: 1.66–7.78, P = 0.001). The 1-, 3-, 5- and 10-year overall survival rates were 0.86, 0.84, 0.81, and 0.53, respectively. There was no significant difference in overall survival according to resection status or between thymoma and thimic carcinoma. The univariable Cox regression model did not show an increased hazard of death for myasthenic patients considering all resection status and for patients who received neoadjuvant therapy.

CONCLUSIONS
We observed that clinical outcomes of patients treated for stage III thymic epithelial tumours with vascular involvement are satisfactory suggesting to increase the confidence in dealing with these complex surgeries. Complete resection should be achieved, even though extensive vascular reconstructions are required.
A comparison of autologous pericardium with Dacron™ for closure of ventricular septal defect in infants
Authors: Desai Manan H , Hachana Skander , Bukhari Syed M , Stough Andrea , Zurakowski David , Jonas Richard A , Ramakrishnan Karthik 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Glutaraldehyde-treated autologous pericardium (GtAP) and Dacron™ are 2 patch materials commonly used to repair ventricular septal defects (VSDs) in children. The primary objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that GtAP is as effective as Dacron for the repair of isolated VSD in infants.

METHODS
Data were collected retrospectively from all infants who underwent repair of isolated VSD at our institution between January 2009 and April 2017. A total of 156 patients were divided into 2 groups: 99 underwent repair with Dacron patch and 57 with GtAP. The primary end point was the need for reintervention for significant residual VSD. Adjusted hospital charges were also compared.

RESULTS
The 2 groups were comparable in their baseline characteristics. There was no significant difference in postoperative morbidity indicators. One patient in each group underwent reintervention for the closure of residual VSD. The GtAP group had a higher incidence trivial and small residual VSD at discharge than the Dacron group (65% vs 39%, P = 0.007). The median duration of follow-up was 37 (15–75) months with no difference between the 2 groups. Forty-five percentage of the residual VSDs in the Dacron group (19/42) and 54%in the GtAP group (21/39) had closed. There was no difference in hospital charges and clinical outcomes.

CONCLUSIONS
GtAP for the closure of isolated VSD in infants is comparable to Dacron. Although the incidence of trivial or small residual VSD is higher with the use of pericardium immediately after surgery, this difference disappears over time.
How have thick evaporites affected early seafloor spreading magnetic anomalies in the Central Red Sea?
Authors: Okwokwo Oke I , Mitchell Neil C , Shi Wen , Stewart I C F , Izzeldin A Y 
Published: January 2022

SUMMARYThe axial region of the Central Red Sea has been shown to be floored by oceanic crust, but this leaves the low amplitudes of off-axis magnetic anomalies to be explained. Furthermore, if seafloor spreading occurred in the late Miocene, it is unclear how that occurred as widespread evaporites were being deposited then and may have covered the spreading centre. In this study, we derive crustal magnetization for a constant-thickness source layer within the uppermost basement by inverting aeromagnetic anomalies using basement depths derived from seismic reflection and gravity data. Peak-to-trough variations in magnetization away from the axis are found to be slightly less than half of those of normal oceanic crust, but not greatly diminished, and hence the magnetic anomalies are mostly reduced by the greater depth of basement, which is depressed by isostatic loading by the evaporites (kilometres in thickness in places). There is no relationship between seafloor spreading anomalies and the modern distribution of evaporites mapped out using multibeam sonar data; magnetizations are still significant even where the basement lies several kilometres under the evaporites. This suggests that magnetizations have not been more greatly affected by alteration under the evaporites than typically exposed oceanic crust. A prominent magnetization peak commonly occurs at 60–80 km from the axis on both tectonic plates, coinciding with a basement low suggested previously to mark the transition to continental crust closer to the coasts. We suggest an initial burst of volcanism occurred at Chron 5 (at ∼10 Ma) to produce this feature. Furthermore, an abrupt change is found at ∼5 Ma from low-frequency anomalies off-axis to high-frequency anomalies towards the present axis. This potentially represents the stage at which buried spreading centres became exposed. In this interpretation, intrusions such as sills at the buried spreading centre led to broad magnetic anomalies, whereas the later exposure of the spreading centre led to a more typical development of crustal magnetization by rapid cooling of extrusives.
A baseline study of macro, meso and micro litter in the Belize River basin, from catchment to coast
Authors: Silburn Briony , Bakir Adil , Binetti Umberto , Russell Josie , Kohler Peter , Preston-Whyte Fiona , Meakins Bryony , van Hoytema Nanne , Andrews Gilbert , Carrias Abel , Maes Thomas 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The mismanagement of waste and subsequent presence of litter in the environment is an increasingly significant problem. Globally, rivers have been shown to be a major pathway for mismanaged waste. We investigated the distribution of macro, meso and micro litter along the Belize river basin. The North-East Atlantic OSPAR beach litter monitoring protocol was adapted for Belize, taking into account local issues such as mangroves and Sargassum sp. accumulations. On average, 77.3% of litter items consisted of plastic, and the most common items categories were unidentifiable plastic pieces (0–2.5 and 2.5–50 cm), broken glass, and metal bottle caps. The study indicated that there is an increase in the litter load as you move from catchment to coast, with both Plastic Pieces (PP) and Fishing Related (FR) items also increasing in numbers down the system. Additionally, microplastics abundance was determined in riverine sediments and in the riverine fish Cichlasoma synspilum (n = 22). All sediment samples contained microplastics, with a concentration of 200–6500 particles per kg dry sediment. Microplastics were found to be present in 36% of the riverine fish. The data from this study will provide evidence for the formation of Belizean legislation to reduce marine litter.
Smart automotive technology adherence to the law: (de)constructing road rules for autonomous system development, verification and safety
Authors: McLachlan Scott , Neil Martin , Dube Kudakwashe , Bogani Ronny , Fenton Norman , Schaffer Burkhard 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Driving is an intuitive task that requires skill, constant alertness and vigilance for unexpected events. The driving task also requires long concentration spans, focusing on the entire task for prolonged periods, and sophisticated negotiation skills with other road users including wild animals. Modern motor vehicles include an array of smart assistive and autonomous driving systems capable of subsuming some, most, or in limited cases, all of the driving task. Building these smart automotive systems requires software developers with highly technical software engineering skills, and now a lawyer’s in-depth knowledge of traffic legislation as well. This article presents an approach for deconstructing the complicated legalese of traffic law and representing its requirements and flow. Our approach (de)constructs road rules in legal terminology and specifies them in ‘structured English logic’ that is expressed as ‘Boolean logic’ for automation and ‘Lawmaps’ for visualization. We demonstrate an example using these tools leading to the construction and validation of a ‘Bayesian Network model’. We strongly believe these tools to be approachable by programmers and the general public, useful in development of Artificial Intelligence to underpin motor vehicle smart systems, and in validation to ensure these systems are considerate of the law when making decisions.
APOBEC3C S188I Polymorphism Enhances Context-Specific Editing of Hepatitis B Virus Genome
Authors: Khalfi Pierre , Suspène Rodolphe , Caval Vincent , Thiers Valérie , Beauclair Guillaume , Marchio Agnès , Bekondi Claudine , Amougou Atsama Marie , Camengo-Police Serge Magloire , Noah Noah Dominique , Njouom Richard , Blanc Hervé , Vallet Thomas , Vignuzzi Marco , Pineau Pascal , Vartanian Jean Pierre 
Published: January 2022

AbstractSingle-nucleotide polymorphism in APOBEC3C (resulting in a serine to isoleucine in position 188) is present in approximately 10% of African populations and greatly enhances restriction against human immunodeficiency virus-1 and simian immunodeficiency virus by improving dimerization and DNA processivity of the enzyme. In this study, we demonstrated in culture and in infected patients that hepatitis B virus (HBV) could be edited by APOBEC3CS188I. Using next-generation sequencing, we demonstrated that APOBEC3CS188I led to enhanced editing activity in 5ʹTpCpA→5ʹTpTpA context. This constitutes a new hallmark of this enzyme, which could be used to determine its impact on HBV or nuclear DNA.
The ‘beautiful enigma’
Authors: Levi D’Ancona Modena Luisa 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Through an analysis of the art collection and patronage of Margherita Traube Mengarini (1856–1912), a German scientist and woman activist of Jewish origin in Rome, this article explores the dynamics of German–Jewish art collectors’ networks active in Italy from the 1880s to the early 1910s, with a particular focus on women. The collection assembled by Margherita and her husband Guglielmo Mengarini included both antique pieces – discovered during the excavations for the couple’s houses in Rome and in Anzio – and paintings of the family, commissioned from contemporary artists. The article discusses the Traube Mengarini collection in context, by focusing on the artists, collectors and intellectuals in their salon, and by comparing both their collection and networks with those of other Jews of German origin in Rome, both men and women.