bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New magnesium based half-metallic ferromagnetic chalcogenide MgFe2Z4 (Z = S, Se) spinels; a promising materials for spintronic applications
Authors: Bilal Muhammad , Noor N A , Iqbal M Waqas , Khan M Aslam , Niaz Shanawer , Sohail Amjad , Alanazi Yousef Mohammad , Aftab Sikandar , Neffati R 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This article focuses on the physical properties of MgFe2Z4 (Z = S, Se) spinels investigated by employing density functional theory calculations. To explore the magnetic and electronic properties, WIEN2k code was executed whereas thermoelectric properties were studied using the BoltzTraP. The determined negative formation energies and positive phonon frequencies show that the system under investigation is stable. The lowest possible ground state energies clearly indicate that spinels lie in ferromagnetic state. Studied spinels illustrated half-metallic nature upon employing the calculations of density of states (DOS) and spin-polarized band structures (BS). Ferromagnetic (FM) state was found to be stable ground state. Observation of ferromagnetism in these compounds was ensured by exchange energies, Jahn-Teller energy and hybridization and is attributed to electron spin in place of Fe2+ clustering. Curie temperature and spin polarization of these compounds is also comprehensively investigated in this study. Analysis of the thermoelectric properties showed a good fit between the ratio of electrical (σ/τ) and thermal conductivity (κ
e/τ). Thermoelectric efficiency of studied compounds is found to be appropriate as demonstrated by the thermoelectric power factors.
EAST discharge prediction without integrating simulation results
Authors: Wan Chenguang , Yu Zhi , Pau Alessandro , Liu Xiaojuan , Li Jiangang 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In this work, a purely data-driven discharge prediction model was developed and tested without integrating any data or results from simulations. The model was developed based on the experimental data from the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST) campaign 2010–2020 discharges and can predict the actual plasma current I
p, normalized beta β
n, toroidal beta β
t, beta poloidal β
p, electron density n
e, stored energy W
mhd, loop voltage V
loop, elongation at plasma boundary κ, internal inductance l
i, q at magnetic axis q
0, and q at 95% flux surface q
95. The average similarities of all the selected key diagnostic signals between prediction results and the experimental data are greater than 90%, except for the V
loop and q
0. Before a tokamak experiment, the values of actuator signals are set in the discharge proposal stage, with the model allowing to check the consistency of expected diagnostic signals. The model can give the estimated values of the diagnostic signals to check the reasonableness of the tokamak experimental proposal.
Interactive mockup to calculate arc length using integrals
Authors: Velasco Nancy , Karen Chamorro , Morales Marcia , Mendoza Darío 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In the present work, a model of a Roman Arch is built and the Integral Calculus is applied to determine the Length of the Arch in Cartesian and Parametric coordinates, and the area in Polar coordinates. The objective is to create an enjoyable learning environment to the mathematics students. The educational model is made of wood and is made up of small blocks. Students must assemble the arch using two pieces of brackets and a clamp, without touching the blocks with their hands. An internal competition is carried out to determine the group of three people to do it in the shortest time. The activity creates an enjoyable environment to deal with these topics and makes student learning productive.
Analysis of thermal comfort on planes
Authors: Krawczyk N 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Thermal comfort of passengers and cabin crew is an important element to be ensured during short and long distance flights. The analysis of this phenomenon is usually conducted based on the measurements of physical parameters of the inside air and factors such as metabolic rate and thermal insulation of clothes. The paper provides an insight into this phenomenon through the literature review on the subject. It presents the assessment of thermal comfort conditions onboard the planes. An important element is the discussion of the current model of thermal comfort proposed by O. Fanger and its usability for the application in planes.
Sensor platforms of Alpha-fetoprotein screening test for hepatocellular carcinoma detection by Surface Plasmon Resonance technique
Authors: Wangkham T 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The objective of this paper is to present the sensor platforms for alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), detection which is a biomarker of Hepatocellular carcinoma. The experiments were designed to investigate the various platforms for AFP detection via surface Plasmon resonance (SPR) technique. In each step of the immobilization, the antiAFP-AFP interaction and enhancing signal platform was used without a fluorescent labelling on the ultra-thin film sensor chip. The result was shown that the suitable platform for AFP detection is Platform III streptavidin-biotin conjugation which gives the highest signal in both of antibody immobilization and AFP antigen detection. The detection limit of AFP detection is 10 ng/ml and the result also show that there is effect of efficiency of platform on the AFP system also the orientation between antigen and antibody.
Study on the 3D BioPrinting Technology of Hydrogel Tissue Engineering scaffolds
Authors: Wang Bao-kun , Li Yan , He Gao-Sheng , Zhang Ming-Hui , Gu Tian-Qi 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The precision molding capability of bio-3D printing is the basis for its application in tissue engineering, and SA-Gel two-component hydrogel has been widely used in bio-3D printing manufacturing of tissue engineering scaffolds. The extrusionability of hydrogel is the key point for the printing precision. In this paper, starting from the concentration, ratio, rheology and cross-linking mode of hydrogel, the research ideas of “single factor independent analysis” and multi-factor comprehensive application are adopted to solve the printing accuracy. Through the research and screening of printing parameters and printing compensation technology, the accurate printing of the 1D line segment and 2D grid structure at 45°C for SA-Gel hydrogel with 2% and 8% mass respectively have been achieved.
Characterizing plastics containing brominated flame retardants with combined LIBS and Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Sormunen T , Viljanen J , Havisto J , Korpijärvi K , Rytöluoto I , Kankaanpää J-P , Lämsä A , Kauppi S , Toivonen J , Fjäder P , Järvinen S 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Waste electronic and electric equipment (WEEE) are collected in high amounts in the EU. However, in order to enable safe and effective recycling of their plastic fraction, harmful additives inside the plastics need to be identified. In this study, two spectroscopic methods, laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) and Raman spectroscopy were employed for characterizing different brominated flame retardants (BFRs) inside plastics from the actual WEEE stream, and also lab-made plastics. The results of this preliminary study indicate the ability of LIBS for accurate quantification of bromine content, and the prospective capability of Raman and combined Raman-LIBS for identifying different BFRs in plastics.
Radon emanation from dust of varying composition and size
Authors: Meng Yue , Busenitz Jerry , Piepke Andreas , Tsang Raymond , Wu Mengmeng , Yao Yukun 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

222Rn emanating from environmental dust constitutes an important background component for many low-energy, low-rate experiments.
Radon emanation rates from dust and rock, thus, are important for experiment planning. In this paper, we report measured radon emanation fractions for five types of dry dust differing in grain size and composition. These data were obtained by a novel technique in γ-spectroscopy, measuring emanated and non-emanated 222Rn progeny activities as well as the parent 226Ra activity in a time series. The range of observed radon emanation
fractions is (3.7 ± 2.0)% to (16.2 ± 0.9)%. Four of the five samples are standardized samples available commercially, so additional investigations of these samples may be readily carried out.
A bioinspired apparatus for modeling peristaltic pumping in biophysical flows
Authors: Ibanez R , Kelley D H 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In this study, we present a novel, bioinspired experimental apparatus, its construction, data acquisition methodology, and validation for the study of peristaltic flows. The apparatus consists of a series of stepper motor actuators, which deflect a deformable membrane to produce peristaltic flows. We show that this apparatus design has significant advantages over previous designs that have been used to study peristaltic flows by offering a much wider range of modeling capabilities. Comparisons between the capabilities of our apparatus and previous ones show our apparatus spanning a larger range of wavelength λ, wave speed c, amplitude A, and waveform (i.e. the apparatus is not constrained to nondispersive waves or to a sinusoidal shape). This large parameter range makes the apparatus a useful tool for biomimetic experimental modeling, particularly for systems that have complex waveforms, such as peristaltic flows in perivascular vessels, arteries, the cochlea, and the urethra. We provide details on the experimental design and construction for ease of reconstruction to the reader. The apparatus capabilities are validated for a large parameter range by comparing experimental measurements to analytic results from (Ibanez et al 2021 Phys. Rev. Fluids
6 103101) for high Reynolds number (Re > 1) and (Jaffrin and Shapiro 1971 Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech.
3 3–37) for low Reynolds number (Re < 1) applications. We show that the apparatus is useful for biophysical peristaltic studies and has potential applications in other types of studies.
Optimizing and designing a leg shape to increase robustness of a running robot on rough terrain
Authors: Gaathon Adar , Degani Amir 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The superior ability of dynamic legged locomotion in traversing rough terrain relative to wheeled or tracked mechanisms comes with the cost of fragile stability. Simple control methods that use only a few basic detection sensors and apply a single controller help robots keep their balance when traversing unforeseen rough terrain. Exploiting multiple controllers simultaneously, such as the free leg length and stiffness in our hopping monopod, can further improve robustness but is often mechanically hard to implement. This work demonstrates that a curved leg shape can improve the robustness of a robot to perturbations in both terrain levels and initial horizontal velocity without complicating the control scheme. Our work develops spring loaded inverted pendulum (SLIP) based models that manifest the coupling of the leg’s parameters and capture the rolling motion. We use these models to find an optimal combination of parameters that maximizes a measure for long-term stability−reaching a desired relative height above terrain. We demonstrate that when traversing unknown rough terrain, such optimal coupling can increase robustness to perturbations in the initial horizontal velocity by 93% relative to the optimal conventional SLIP model. We further demonstrate our results in experiments.
Generation and integration of hair follicle-primed spheroids in bioengineered skin constructs
Authors: Tan Chew Teng , Leo Zhenn Yi , Lim Chin Yan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Skin is a complex organ made up of different cell layers, appendages, connective tissues, and immune repertoires. These different components interact extensively to maintain the overall functions of the integumentary system. In particular, appendages such as hair follicles critically contribute to the skin’s function in thermoregulation, sensory perception, and homeostatic regeneration. Despite a strong need for better skin regenerative therapeutics, efforts to bio-engineer highly functional appendage-containing human reconstituted skin in vitro have not yielded much success. Here, we report methods in generating and incorporating hair follicle-primed heterotypic spheroids into epidermal-dermal skin constructs that induced invaginating outgrowths with follicle-like organization and lineage gene expression. By co-culturing epithelial keratinocytes (KCs) with dermal papilla (DP) cells in low attachment plates, we established the media and culture conditions that best supported the viability, signalling and remodelling of the cell aggregates to form 3D KC-DP spheroids with the expression of both DP inductiveness and hair follicle lineage genes. We show that long-term growth and maturation of KC cells in these spheroids was supported by incorporation into epidermal-dermal constructs but not in scaffold-less media. When cultured, the bio-fabricated constructs developed invaginations from the integrated spheroids with follicle-forming potential. The generation of these constructs is a step towards the development of functional hair-bearing skin mimetics.
Fabrication of scaffold-free mesenchyme tissue bands by cell self-aggregation technique for potential use in tissue regeneration
Authors: Ota Tomoyuki , Iwai Ryosuke , Kitaguchi Yohei , Takarada Takeshi , Kimata Yoshihiro 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Three-dimensional cell constructs comprising only tissue-specific cells and extracellular matrix secreted by them would be ideal transplants, but their fabrication in a cell aggregation manner without cell scaffolds relies on random cell self-aggregation, making the control of their size and shape difficult. In this study, we propose a method to fabricate band-shaped tissues by inducing the self-aggregation of cell sheets using the developed cell self-aggregation technique (CAT). Acting as cell aggregation stoppers, silicone semicircular pillars were attached to two positions equidistant from both short ends of the rounded rectangular culture groove and coated with a specifically charged biomimetic polymer as a CAT-inducing surface. Mesenchymal stem cells, chondrocytes, and skeletal myoblast cells seeded on the surface of the culture grooves formed band-shaped aggregates between the two aggregation stoppers following spontaneous detachment with aggregation of the cell sheet from the outer edge of the grooves during day one of culture. The aggregated chondrocyte band matured into a cartilage-like plate with an abundant cartilage matrix while retaining its band shape after two weeks of chondrogenic cultivation. Additionally, the aggregates of mesenchymal stem cells and myoblast cell bands could patch the induced collagen membrane derived from rat subcutaneous tissue like a bandage immediately after their formation and successfully mature into fat and muscle tissues, respectively. These results indicate that, depending on the cell type, scaffold-free band-shaped cell aggregates produced by CAT have the potential to achieve tissue regeneration that follows the shape of the defect via in vitro maturation culture or in vivo organization.
Coupling agricultural system models with machine learning to facilitate regional predictions of management practices and crop production
Authors: Xiao Liujun , Wang Guocheng , Zhou Hangxin , Jin Xiao , Luo Zhongkui 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Process-based agricultural system models are a major tool for assessing climate-agriculture-management interactions. However, their application across large scales is limited by computational cost, model uncertainty, and data availability, hindering policy-making for sustainable agricultural production at the scale meaningful for land management by farmers. Using the Agricultural Production System sIMulator (APSIM) as an example model, the APSIM model was run for 101 years from 1980 to 2080 in a typical cropping region (i.e., the Huang-Huai-Hai plain) of China. Then, machine learning (ML)-based models were trained to emulate the performance of the APSIM model and used to map crop production and soil carbon (which is a key indicator of soil health and quality) dynamics under a great number of nitrogen and water management scenarios. We found that ML-based emulators can accurately and quickly reproduce APSIM predictions of crop yield and soil carbon dynamics across the region under different spatial resolutions, and capture main processes driving APSIM predictions with much less input data. In addition, the emulators can be easily and quickly applied to identify optimal nitrogen management to achieve yield potential and sequester soil carbon across the region. The approach can be used for modelling other complex systems and amplifying the usage of agricultural system models for guiding agricultural management strategies and policy-making to address global environmental challenges from agriculture intensification.
The Determinants of Farmers’ Technical Efficiency in Corn Production: Empirical Evidence from Jambi Province
Authors: Edison  
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The various levels of production will reflect uncertainty and risk factors in corn farming. The main problem in corn farming is that the productivity level is still low. This low level of productivity is due to farmers’ limited ability to allocate inputs such as seeds, fertilizers, and appropriate pesticides in peat land. This study aimed to estimate technical efficiency and its determinants in corn production in Jambi Province, Indonesia. In this study, 2020 corn planting season data were used. A sample of 120 corn farmers was taken randomly by the stratified random sampling technique based on cross-sectional data that were collected in 2021. The Cobb-Douglas stochastic frontier production function with incorporation of inefficiency effects was employed to analyze the data. According to the results, the technical efficiency rate ranged from 63.46% to 99.54%, with an average of 74%. The significant factors found to positively affect corn yield were seed quantity, potash fertilizer, labor, and corn variety. Meanwhile, nitrogen fertilizer and pesticide were negatively related to corn yield. The significant determinants of technical efficiency that were positively related to technical inefficiency included educational attainment, training, credit access, and household labor
Effect of shading on plant growth of 4 varieties of hybrid corn
Authors: Dewi Riska Kurnia , Suliansyah Irfan , Anwar Aswaldi , Syarif Auzar , Rahmah Mela 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Agricultural land in Indonesia continues to decrease every year so that the use of plantation areas can be an alternative in increasing corn production. This study aimed to obtain corn varieties that can grow and produce well in shaded conditions. The experimental design used was a Split Plot Design arranged in a Randomized Block Design consisting of two factors. The first factor on the main plot is the shade (S) i.e., no shade (S1), 25% light interception shade (S2), and 50% light interception shade (S3). The second factor in the sub-plot is the hybrid corn variety (V) consisting of Bima 20 (V1), JH-37 (V2), Nasa 29 (N3), and Pioneer P32 (V4). The results showed that two varieties produce a high yield in 50% light interception conditions, which are JH-37 and Bima 20 with kernel dry weights of 6.04 and 6.43 tons/ha, respectively. On plant growth, shade treatment did not have a significant effect on the plant height, the number of leaves, and the leaf area, but affects the diameter of the stems.
ACC1 and ACC2 Genes Expression Microalgae Skletonema costatum On Stress Aeration And fotoperiode In Simultans
Authors: Nurhidayati Tutik , Purnobasuki Hery , Muslihatin Wirdatul 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Abiotic stresses such as photoperiod, aeration, CO2 concentration, pH, temperature, and salinity can affect and salinity the physiological processes of microalgae. One of the physiological processes that occur is a change in the lipid biosynthetic pathway towards the formation and accumulation of neutral lipids. Neutral lipid accumulation in the form of TAGs. TAGs as one of the defense mechanisms. The regulation of fatty acid biosynthesis is initiated by the ACC1 and ACC2 genes. This study aims to determine the expression of ACC1 and ACC2 genes under conditions of aeration stress and photoperiod simultaneously in microalgae Skeletonema costatum. The method used was the analysis of gene expression in the sample of S. costatum RNA extract using qRT-PCR. Based on the results of the study, it was found that the ACC1 gene was expressed and upregulated in the A2F2 treatment (24-hour aeration and 24:0 photoperiod) with a CT value of 36.85 while the ACC2 gene was expressed and upregulated in the A1F1 treatment (12-hour aeration and 12:12 photoperiod). with the CT value of 36,874.
The Effects of Salt Particle Size and The Formulation of Nagara Bean Tempeh Flour with White Oyster Mushroom on Salty and Umami Taste Perception
Authors: Susi Susi , Al Hakim Hisyam Musthafa , Rahmawati  
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The prevalence of hypertension in South Kalimantan based on the health development program in 2018 reached 44.1%, which means South Kalimantan is the province with the highest prevalence of hypertension in Indonesia. Excessive consumption of salt (sodium) can cause a direct impact on blood pressure: people with high levels of salt consumption have an increase in blood pressure. Efforts to reduce salt consumption must also pay attention to the level of acceptance by consumers. Seasoning reformulation should maintain the product taste. Among various seasoning reformulation technologies are reducing salt particle size and blending salt with other ingredients as a flavor enhancer. This study aimed to determine the roles of salt (NaCl) size and the addition of the Nagara bean tempeh flour and oyster mushroom formulation in enhancing the umami taste to reduce salt use. Reducing the salt particle size down to 100 mesh had not given any significant effect yet on the strengthening of the perception of salty and umami taste. On the other hand, the formulation of Nagara bean tempeh flour and white oyster mushroom in a ratio of 100:0 could give a strong perception of umami taste to the seasoning powder, which was no different from the formulation in a ratio of 90:10. In conclusion, the glutamate component contained in Nagara bean tempeh flour can be an alternative source of good umami taste.
Trichoderma sp. Breeding from Bamboo Stems (Schizostachyum brachycladum) and Its Application as an Inoculant for Organic Fertilizer Fermenters According to SNI 7763:2018
Authors: Ramaiyulis  , Dharma Setya 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This research is an applied study involving the Al Falah farmer group in West Sumatra, Indonesia and was intended to develop a quality organic fertilizer processing technology based on SNI-7763:2018. A Trichoderma sp. culture was bred using bamboo stems (Schizostachyum brachycladum) on a bran medium in an incubator at 39 °C and 75% RH. Cow feces was air-dried for reduced water content from 82% to 60%, mixed with poultry feces (at a ratio of 60:40), and added with 0.3% Trichoderma sp. culture. The mixture was then stacked at a thickness of 70 cm for 7 days. The fermentation results showed an average fermentation temperature of 58 °C and changes in the pH of cow feces and poultry feces from 8.8 to 7.2 and from 3.6 to 6.8, respectively. The following data were also obtained: macronutrient content N = 2.82%, P = 2.78%, and K = 3.21%; organic matter content = 82.89%; C-organic content = 21.20%; C/N ratio = 7.52; and by-products = 1.02%. Based on the results of this research, the organic fertilizer produced complies with SNI-7763:2018.