bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic Diversity among Single, Double, And Triple Cross Hybrids in Beit Alpha Cucumber (Cucumis sativus)
Authors: Altamari Adel M. , Akash Muhanad W. , Kasrawi Mahmoud A. 
Published: August 2022

Genetic variation was investigated in fifteen single, eighteen three-way, and nine double hybrid crosses and their parents along with nine elite commercial cucumber hybrids. Six lines (NS5, NS9, NS17, NS29, NS31, and NS33) were used to develop these cross hybrids. Based on AFLP and SSR analysis, the studied cucumber genotypes have a narrow genetic base. The results also showed genetic differentiation compared to commercial varieties. Out of 1352 bands produced from 12 AFLP primer pairs, only 47 were polymorphic. Similarly, out of 26 SSR primers, only one primer was polymorphic. The highest heterozygosity index (0.6044), polymorphic information content value (0.5392), and marker Index (0.6044) were observed with M-CTT_E-AAG AFLP primer combination, while the highest effective multiplex ratio (2.8246) and resolving power (4.8421) were observed with M-CTC_E-AGC AFLP primer combination. Genetic distance estimation revealed clear distinctiveness of the studied genotypes with the control varieties. The cluster analysis by UPGMA showed two main clusters covering 84% of the studied genotypes grouped. This research shows that double and three-way hybrid crosses can be used in cucumber hybrid breeding.
Sustainable Control Tactics of the Cereal Leafminer Syringopais Temperatella Led. (Lep., Scythrididae) in Jordan: Resistant Cultivars and Combined Use of Tillage and Insecticides
Authors: Shawawreh M , Al-Zyoud Firas , Shakhatreh Y. 
Published: August 2022

The cereal leafminer, Syringopais temperatella Led. (Lep., Scythrididae) is considered one of the most serious insect pests that infests wheat in the field, and causes economic damages to the crop in Jordan. However, little attention has been paid to the susceptibility of common wheat cultivars and no attention has been paid to the combined use of tillage regime and insecticides against S. temperatella. Concomitan tly, this study aimed at investigating the susceptibility of the most commonly grown wheat cultivars in Jordan to S. temperatella under field conditions, and the effect of the combined use of tillage regime and insecticide applications in controlling the pest on wheat. The 1st experiment was set up to determine the susceptibility of four common wheat cultivars to the pest in the 2016/2017 cropping season, while the 2nd one was set up to investigate the effect of the combined use of tillage regime and insecticides against the pest in 2017/2018 cropping season in Al-Qasr, Karak. Four common wheat cultivars (Deer Alla, Em-Qees, Sham, and Horani 27), were used in the 1st experiment, while in the 2nd experiment, 6 different treatments were done using the wheat cultivar, Horani 27, namely, T1: no-tillage, T2: deep plowing in summer, T3: deep plowing in summer and treating seeds with diazinon, T4: chisel plow at seed sowing time with treating seeds with diazinon, T5: no-tillage and treating seeds with diazinon, and T6: chisel plow at seed sowing time. In the two experiments, data on larvae number, infestation, grain and straw weights, and plant height were recorded. Results showed that infestation and larvae numbers were the lowest, and grain and straw weights were the highest in Horani 27 compared to other cultivars. Data showed that the lowest infestation and larvae number were obtained in the no-tillage, and grain and straw weights were the highest in deep plowing in summer and treating seeds with diazinon. While the tallest plant was recorded in deep plowing in summer and deep plowing in summer by treating seeds with diazinon. In conclusion, Horani 27 is the least susceptible cultivar to the pest, and no-tillage reduces larvae number and infestation while plowing in summer by treating seeds with diazinon increased yield and strawweight, and plant height.
Micropulse transscleral diode laser cyclophotocoagulation as a treatment modality for glaucoma patients
Authors: Youssef Gehad H.A. , Sharawy Amr I. , Saeed Ahmed M. , Elsayed Mohamed A. , Abdel Latif Ahmed A.M. 
Published: August 2022

Aim
To evaluate how micropulse transscleral diode laser cyclophotocoagulation (MP-TSCPC) is a safe and effective procedure, in reducing intraocular pressure (IOP) in different glaucoma patients among the Egyptian population.

Study design
Prospective, noncomparative interventional study.

Patients and methods
This study assessed the effect of MP-TSCPC laser on patients with different types of glaucoma. Forty eyes of 40 patients were included in our study. Patients were recruited from Benha University Hospital and Egyptian Eye Academy, and the procedure was done during the period between January 2020 and July 2021.

Results
The mean±SD baseline IOP was 27.72±8.6 mmHg, which showed significant reduction at postsurgical month 6, becoming 16.28±6.38 mmHg (P=0.001). The mean number of IOP-lowering agents was 2.35±1.03 preoperatively, which dropped significantly to 1.50±1.24 at 6 months. Postoperative logMAR best-corrected visual acuity was not significantly reduced from baseline. There was no development of significant postoperative complications.

Conclusion
MP-TSCPC is an efficient, safe, and simple technique with promising results in lowering IOP and can be used in patients with different types of glaucoma.
How ophthalmology practice changed over 2 years of coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic
Authors: Eissa Mohamed G. , Abdullatif Abdussalam M. , Attya Mohamed , El-Saied Heba , Makled Hebatalla S. 
Published: August 2022

Objectives
To investigate the changes in ophthalmological practice between the first and current waves of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic as well as to evaluate the pattern of ophthalmology practice following COVID-19 vaccination.

Patients and methods
This is a cross-sectional observational analytical study of ophthalmologists working in different hospitals in Cairo, Egypt. The data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire that included separate sections about (a) demographic data, (b) experience with COVID-19 infection, (c) current ophthalmologists’ and patients’ concerns, (d) experience with COVID-19 vaccination, (e) current changes of practice, (f) current safety measures, and (g) current flow of cases.

Results
The questionnaire was sent to 200 ophthalmologists, with a 77% response rate. Since the onset of the pandemic in Egypt, ∼60% of the participants (83% were below 45 years of age) have been infected with COVID-19. When compared with the first wave, more than two-thirds of respondents expressed less psychic concern but the same economic concern about the pandemic. Although 90% of the participants have been vaccinated against COVID-19, more than 50% still feel unsafe regarding new infection. In comparison with the first wave, 45% of participants have reduced clinical safety measures. Participants also found that their patients’ psychological concern was significantly lower compared with the first wave and patients’ flow increased to approach prepandemic levels.

Conclusion
Concerns among ophthalmologists and patients have decreased significantly since the first COVID-19 wave, but economic concerns remain high.
Bleeding Events in the Emergency Department with Warfarin Versus Novel Oral Anticoagulants
Authors: Dogan Y , Az A , Sogut O , Akdemir T , Kaplan O 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Although warfarin is the most effective treatment approved to prevent atrial fibrillation-associated stroke, it remains underused in clinical practice due to patient noncompliance. Therefore, novel oral anticoagulants (NOACs) have been developed.

Aims:
This study aimed to identify bleeding complications in patients who were taking oral anticoagulants and compare the rates of major and minor bleeding events between NOACs and warfarin groups.

Patients and Methods:
We conducted a retrospective, observational study of warfarin- and NOAC-treated patients who presented to an emergency department between January 2015 and December 2019 with bleeding events. We compared patients with major and minor bleeding in terms of age, gender, comorbid diseases, type of anticoagulant, and site of bleeding.

Results:
An electronic search yielded 95 (21.9%) cases of patients taking a NOAC (i.e., dabigatran [19], rivaroxaban [45], apixaban [29], or edoxaban [6]) and 354 taking warfarin. There were no significant differences between the warfarin and NOACs groups in the frequency of minor bleeding complications. Similarly, there were no significant differences between the groups in the frequency of major bleeding complications. No significant difference in intracranial bleeding was seen between the NOACs- and warfarin-treated patients, although the incidence of gastrointestinal bleeding was significantly higher in the NOACs (P = 0.102 and P = 0.021, respectively).

Conclusion:
Our findings indicate that rates of major and minor bleeding complications in patients taking NOACs are similar to those in patients taking warfarin. While warfarin was associated with fewer complications than NOACs in terms of gastrointestinal bleeding, the risk of intracranial bleeding, was similar between the groups.
Prevalence of Visual Impairment Among the Destitute in Onitsha, Southern Nigeria
Authors: Akudinobi C U , Nwosu S N N 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Visual impairment is a global problem. The World Health Organization (WHO) in 2017 estimated that 36 million people were blind and 217 million people had moderate or severe visual impairment. An untreated or undetected eye problem becomes a threat to the general health of the individual, particularly the health of those that lack the basic needs of life. Most blind people live in low-income countries where increasing poverty perpetuates destitution.

Aim:
This study aimed at determining the prevalence of visual impairment among the destitute in Onitsha metropolis, which would provide a solid database for designing an effective eye care delivery system for them in the state.

Subjects and Methods:
This was a cross-sectional study of 168 destitute individuals in Onitsha. The study was carried out between June and July 2011. Destitute clusters were randomly selected, and all of the eligible participants were interviewed. Presenting visual acuity (VA) at 6 m, refraction, and anterior and posterior segment evaluation were done. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 16.

Results:
One hundred sixty-eight destitute individuals—consisting of 93 males (55.4%) and 75 females (44.6%)—were studied, and the age range was 11–78 years with a median age of 45 years. One hundred twenty-nine participants (76.8%) did not have any formal education, all were unemployed, and none had any personal assets or property. Fifty-six participants (33.3%) had ocular disorder. The prevalence of blindness was 12.5% and that of visual impairment was 10.2%. The causes of blindness were glaucoma (6, 28.6%), cataract (5, 23.8%), corneal acuity (5, 23.8%), and empty socket from tumor nucleation and trauma (2, 9.5%).

Conclusion:
Ocular findings in all eyes of the destitute are similar to that in the eyes of normal individuals. Destitution is an offshoot of health, social, and economic frustration, and therefore requires a comprehensive approach.
Antibiotic Susceptibility Profiles and Detection of Genes Mediating Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase (Esbl) Production in Escherichia Coli Isolates from National Hospital, Abuja
Authors: Enyinnaya S O , Iregbu K C , Jamal W Y , Rotimi V O 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) are the most widespread of the new beta-lactamases and are a significant threat to patient care in the hospital and the community. Aim: The study assessed the prevalence, antibiotic susceptibility profile, and major ESBL encoding genes among Escherichia coli isolated from clinical specimens of patients in the National Hospital, Abuja (NHA).

Materials and Methods:

E. coli isolated from diverse clinical specimens obtained from clinically proven cases of infection managed at the NHA were included in the study. The antimicrobial susceptibility was performed by the Kirby–Bauer method and E-test was used to confirm the ESBL phenotype. Multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect the genes mediating ESBL production.

Results:
Meropenem, fosfomycin, and tigecycline demonstrated excellent activities against all isolates: of the 400 isolates, 392 (98%), 386 (96.5%), and 362 (90.5%) were susceptible, respectively. Similarly, 358 (89.5%) were susceptible to amikacin, 323 (80.3%) nitrofurantoin, 281 (70.3%) ceftazidime, and 279 (69.8%) cefotaxime. A total of 271 (67.8%), 219 (54.8%), and 208 (52.0%) were resistant to amoxicillin–clavulanate, ciprofloxacillin, and gentamicin, respectively. However, all the isolates were resistant to ampicillin. There was a significantly higher proportion of multidrug resistance among ESBL-producing isolates compared to non-ESBL-producing isolates (P = 0.0001). Of the 121 phenotypically detected ESBL isolates, 119 (98.3%) harbored genes mediating the production of Cefotaximase– Munich (CTX-M), Temoniera (TEM) or Sulfhydryl Variable (SHV) enzymes.

Conclusion:
The prevalence of ESBLs among E. coli was relatively high, at 30.2%. About 81% of all blood isolates were ESBL-producers. bla
CTX-M is the predominant type of ESBL gene among E. coli. A high proportion of the ESBL-producing isolates expressed a combination of two or three genes together.
Prevalence of Rotavirus Isolates in the Stools of Under-5 Children Presenting with Diarrhoea at University Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, Borno State
Authors: Bukar Ali Kellu , Galadima B G , Zailani S B , Yahaya M , Daggash B B , Yakubu M Y , Baba A S , Shettima A B , Kadaura M U 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Diarrhoea is a major cause of childhood morbidity and mortality in developing countries including Nigeria. Rotavirus is a leading cause of acute watery diarrhoea in children under 5 years of age.

Aims:
The aim of the study is to determine the prevalence of rotavirus diarrhoea in children less than 5 years old presenting with watery diarrhoea at the University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital. The cross-sectional study was carried out at University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital (UMTH), a referral tertiary centre for northeast Nigeria and neighbouring Cameroon, Chad, and Niger Republic. Study population were children under five presenting to UMTH with acute diarrhoea. Freshly passed stool was collected from each participant in a universal sterile container and transported to the department of medical microbiology laboratory UMTH, Rotavirus antigen was detected using Rota – dipstick an immunochromatographic test. The positive samples were subjected to RT-PCR to detect the VP 7 gene of the dsRNA.

Patients and Methods:
SPSS Version 25.

Results:
The prevalence was found to be 14.5% in the population studied and was highest among children below 1 year of age.

Conclusions:
This study has confirmed that rotavirus is an important cause of childhood diarrhoea. The burden of childhood diarrhoea can be reduced by introduction of vaccines, and children of 1 year old and younger will benefit from this vaccine as most study participants have not been vaccinated. Creating awareness on prevention and control of this infection with mass vaccination will go a long way in reducing the prevalence and mortality rate of rotavirus diarrhoea.
The PrognostıC Significance of Blood Counts in Patients with Hodgkin Lymphoma
Authors: Aras M R , Albayrak M , Yildiz A , Maral S , Ozturk HB A , Tiglioglu P , Tiglioglu M , Saglam B , Yilmaz F 
Published: August 2022

Background and Aim:
The aim of the study was to examine the demographic, clinical features, treatment responses, and outcomes of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) patients and to investigate the factors affecting their survival.

Patients and Methods:
A retrospective analysis was made of patients diagnosed with HL in our department between 2009 and 2019. Treatment regimen, treatment response, and follow-up times were recorded for all patients. Using these data, complete response (CR) rates, overall survival (OS), and progression-free survival (PFS) were calculated. The effects of parameters on survival were investigated with Cox regression analysis.

Results:
Evaluation was made of 60 patients with a median age of 33.5 years [18.0–80.0] and mean follow-up duration of 29.34 ± 23.64 months. Median OS and PFS could not be reached with a mean OS of 85.6 months, and PFS of 71.7 months at the final visit. Only initial leukocyte and neurophil count were determined to have a statistically significant impact on survival (OR = 1.004; P = 0.031 vs OR = 0.996; P = 0.036).

Conclusion:
In HL patients, in addition to the many prognostic scoring systems, leukocyte and neutrophil count can be used as an independent prognostic parameter. Patients with higher leukocyte and lower neutrophil counts at the time of diagnosis should be managed more carefully.
Outpatient Burden of Adult Respiratory Diseases in University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Nigeria
Authors: Ojuawo O B , Desalu O O , Aladesanmi A O , Opeyemi C M , Azeez A T , Fawibe A E , Salami A K 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Respiratory diseases constitute a significant cause of morbidity globally. There is limited information on the epidemiology of respiratory diseases in North Central Nigeria particularly with the changing trend in risk factors.

Aim:
This study aimed at evaluating the pattern and morbidity related to respiratory diseases among adult outpatients attending a chest clinic in a tertiary healthcare facility, especially with increasing environmental pollution and biomass exposure globally.

Patients And Methods:
This was a retrospective review of the case records of 338 newly referred patients seen in the chest clinic of the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital (UITH) with respiratory illnesses over a 2-year period (January 2017–December 2018).

Results:
The mean age of the recruited patients was 47.6 ± 19.8 years with a male to female ratio of 1.1:1. Microbiologically confirmed tuberculosis (30.2%), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (24.3%), and bronchial asthma (17.8%) were the commonest conditions managed in the clinic. Overall, noncommunicable respiratory diseases (61.2%) constituted a larger proportion of cases when compared to infective respiratory conditions. Almost 90% of the patients were never smokers. Systemic hypertension (15.1%) and human immunodeficiency virus infection (3.6%) were the commonest comorbid illnesses.

Conclusion:
Although tuberculosis constituted the most observed single condition, noncommunicable respiratory diseases predominated cumulatively among the new cases seen in the chest clinic of UITH, Ilorin. This raises the need for significant attention in terms of prevention and management of noncommunicable respiratory diseases, which appear to be on the uprising.
A Histopathological Profile of Gestational Trophoblastic Disease in the Madinah Region of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Almohammadi N H 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) is a rare and often curable group of diseases that has a large range of morphological features, sometimes making the diagnosis difficult.

Aim:
The objectives of this study were to evaluate the pathological frequency and histopathological profile of GTD diagnoses in the Madinah region of Saudi Arabia (KSA).

Materials and Methods:
The computerized record of the pathology department of the Maternity and Children's Hospital (MCH) in Madinah, KSA, was reviewed from July 2015 to June 2021. During the study period, all the pathology reports with diagnosis of GTD were included in the study for the following parameters: age, nationality, year of diagnosis, type of GTD, and total annual number of pregnancies. Simple statistical analysis was performed, utilizing the SPSS-19 software.

Results:
A total of 289 cases of GTD were diagnosed during the study period. The mean age was 33.47 ± 9.3, and most of the patients (n = 106, 36.2%) were in the fourth decade [31-40 age group]. Histologically, the most common type diagnosed was Hydatidiform mole [HM] (n = 284, 98.6%), followed by three cases of trophoblastic neoplasm (1.0%) and one case of tumor-like condition called exaggerated placental site (0.3%). Complete HM (n = 53, 50%) was common in the fourth decade, whereas partial HM (n = 50, 53.8%) was common in the third decade.

Conclusion:
In the Al Madinah region of KSA, the most common type of GTD in women was HM. Most GTD cases were found in women between the ages of 31 to 40 years. The frequency of GTD, its histopathological subtypes are consistent with most of the studies on GTD; however, larger studies involving multiple centers are recommended, for confirmation of present study's findings.
Depression Among Patient with Sickle Cell Disease
Authors: Alsalman M , Alhabrati A , Alkuwaiti A , Alramadhan N , AlMurayhil N , Althafar A , Alsaad A 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Depression is a widespread disorder with either an independent or interrelated relationship with chronic disease.

Aim:
This study aims to assess depression prevalence and its predictors among patients with sickle cell disease (SCD).

Patients and Methods:
This is a cross-sectional study conducted in Saudi Arabia where patients with SCD assessed for having depression through Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ9).

Results:
Depression was evaluated among 88 patients with SCD with a median age of 32.6 ± 11.8. Out of 88 patients, 44 (50%) participants had some form of depression. Out of those with depression, 25 (56.8%) had mild depression and 18 (40.9%) had moderate depression. However, there was a significant relationship between depression and the number of annual emergency visits, intensive care unit admissions, and frequency of blood transfusion (P-value < 0.05). There was no significant relationship between depression with neither hemoglobin nor HbS (P-value > 0.05). However, depression score found to be inversely proportional to the HbF level. Both gender and annual emergency visits were significantly related to depression (P-value = 0.01, 0.001. respectively).

Conclusion:
Depression is quite prevalent in patients with SCD though it is still being overlooked. Several clinical and laboratory indices found to be closely linked to depression. Constellations of these factors may help early recognition of depression and disease severity modulation.