bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A multifactorial fall risk assessment system for older people utilizing a low-cost, markerless Microsoft Kinect
Authors: Kim Taekyoung , Yu Xiaoqun , Xiong Shuping 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Falls among older people are a major public health concern due to their high prevalence and serious consequences. Accurate, convenient, and cost-effective assessment of fall risk is an essential first step for effective fall intervention and prevention. This study aims to develop a multifactorial fall risk assessment system for older people using a low-cost, markerless Microsoft Kinect. Methods: A Kinect-based test battery was designed and implemented in Unity3D to comprehensively assess major fall risk factors on physiological, psychological, and integrated functions. A follow-up experiment was conducted with 102 community-dwelling Korean older women to assess their fall risks and to investigate their prospective falls during a 6-month follow-up period. The participants were divided into a high fall risk group (N=22) and a low fall risk group (N=80) based on prospective falls. Based on 11 variables with significant differences between the two groups, random forest-based machine learning classification models were further constructed to classify the fall risk. Results: Experimental results showed that the high fall risk group performed significantly worse on the Kinect-based test battery, especially in Sit to Stand 5 times (STS5), Choice Stepping Reaction Test (CSRT), and Fall Efficacy Scale (FES). The random forest classification model achieved average classification accuracy of 84.7% with 83.3% sensitivity and 86.1% specificity. In addition, the individual's performance was computed as the percentile value of a normative database so that deficiencies can be clearly visualized and targeted for intervention. Conclusion: These findings indicate that the developed low-cost, markerless Kinect-based multifactorial fall risk assessment system can not only accurately screen out ‘at risk’ older individuals, but also identify potential fall risk factors. The developed system has good potential for effective fall intervention and prevention.
Magnetic resonance imaging of congenital talipes equinovarus treated with the Ponseti method: a short-term outcome study
Authors: Zhang Jiangchao , Wang Ningqing , Lv Haixiang , Liu Zhenjiang 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
BackgroundTo quantitatively evaluate the effectiveness of the Ponseti method for the correction of clubfoot, we decided to use Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) to evaluate changes in the tarsal bones relationship. MethodsThis is a retrospective study of 12 children with clubfoot treated with Ponseti method. MRI studies were obtained using a 3.0T machine(GE, America). T1-weighted and T2-weighted images were acquired in the standard anatomic sagittal, transverse, and coronal planes. For the measurement, the best slice that clearly demonstrated the anatomy was chosen. Sagittal talocalcaneal angle, sagittal tibiocalcaneal angle, coronal tibiocalcaneal angle, transverse talar neck angle, transverse talonavicular angle and transverse talocalcaneal angle were measured. The 15 corrected clubfoot were compared with the 9 unilateral normal feet at clinical and radiological levels using a Pirani scoring system and MRI, respectively.Results12 patients (10 boys, 2 girls) with clubfoot were examined by using MRI. 9 cases had unilateral and 3 had bilateral involvement(8 left clubfoot, 7 right clubfoot), giving a total of 15 clubfoot compared with 9 normal feet. The mean age of patients at examination was 47.7months (8-96 months). The recovery of the corrected clubfoot in these patients met the goals of Ponseti treatment(functional, normal looking, pain-free, plantigrade foot). Before Ponseti treatment, the mean Pirani score of clubfoot was 5.5(5-6). During this follow-up, the Pirani score was 0.07(0-0.05). The results of MRI indicated that only the transverse talonavicular angle showed significant difference between the treated clubfoot and the normal feet(P< 0.001). 1 of 15 of the corrected clubfoot had dorsal talonavicular subluxation in sagittal plane and 1 had lateral subluxation of the navicular in transverse plane, which have never been reported in previous studies.ConclusionsAlthough the appearance and function of clubfoot recovered well after the Ponseti method, the results of MRI indicated that Ponseti method successfully corrected the varus, cavus, and equinus deformities and incompletely corrected the adduction deformity regarding transverse talonavicular angle. At the same time, the Ponseti method may cause dorsal talonavicular subluxation in sagittal plane and lateral subluxation of the navicular in transverse plane on MRI.
Computer-Aided Diagnosis of Serrated Colorectal Lesions Using Non-Magnified White Light Endoscopic Images
Authors: Nemoto Daiki , Guo Zhe , Peng Boyuan , Zhang Ruiyao , Nakajima Yuki , Hayashi Yoshikazu , Yamashina Takeshi , Aizawa Masato , Utano Kenichi , Lefor Alan Kawarai , Zhu Xin , Togashi Kazutomo 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Computer-aided diagnosis systems for polyp characterization are commercially available but cannot recognize subtypes of sessile lesions. This study aimed to develop a computer-aided diagnosis system to characterize polyps using non-magnified white-light endoscopic images.Methods: A total of 2249 non-magnified white-light images from 1030 lesions including 534 tubular adenomas, 225 sessile serrated adenoma/polyps and 271 hyperplastic polyps in the proximal colon were consecutively extracted from an image library and divided into training and testing datasets (4:1), based on the date of colonoscopy. Using ResNet-50 networks, we developed a classifier (1) to differentiate adenomas from serrated lesions, and another classifier (2) to differentiate sessile serrated adenoma/polyps from hyperplastic polyps. Diagnostic performance was assessed using the testing dataset. The computer-aided diagnosis system generated a probability score for each image, and a probability score for each lesion was calculated as the weighted mean with a log10-transformation. Two experts (E1, E2) read the identical testing dataset with a probability score.Results: The area under the curve of classifier (1) for adenomas was equivalent to E1 and superior to E2 (classifier 86%, E1 86%, E2 69%; classifier vs. E2, p<0.001). In contrast, the area under the curve of classifier (2) for sessile serrated adenoma/polyps was inferior to both experts (classifier 55%, E1 68%, E2 79%; classifier vs. E2, p<0.001).Conclusion: The classifier (1) developed using white-light images alone compares favorably with experts in differentiating adenomas from serrated lesions. However, the classifier (2) to identify sessile serrated adenoma/polyps is inferior to experts.
VMSG: a video caption network based on multimodal semantic grouping and semantic attention
Authors: Yang Xin , Wang Xiangchen , Ye Xiaohui , Li Tao 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Network video typically contains a variety of information that is used by the video caption model to generate video tags. The process of creating video captions is divided into two steps: video information extraction and natural language generation. Existing models have the problem of redundant information in continuous frames when generating natural language, which affects the accuracy of the caption. As a result, this paper proposes a Multimodal Semantic Grouping and Semantic Attention Video Caption Model (VMSG). VMSG uses a novel semantic grouping method for decoding, which divides the video with the same semantics into a semantic group for decoding and predicting the next word, to reduce the redundant information of continuous video frames, which differs from the decoding mode of grouping by frame. Because the importance of each semantic group varies, we investigate a semantic attention mechanism to add weight to the semantic group and use a single-layer LSTM to simplify the model. Experiments show that VMSG outperforms some state-of-the-art models in terms of caption generation performance and alleviates the problem of redundant information in continuous video frames.
Changes of serum and urine microbiota and metabolite spectrum in patients with diabetic kidney disease
Authors: Yang Yan , Li Shishi , Ma Chiyu , Cai Wanxia , Dai Weier , Zhang Xinzhou , Yin Lianghong , Tang Donge , Liu Fanna , Dai Yong 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a common and potentially fatal consequence of diabetes. In the long run, it can lead to chronic renal failure or end-stage renal disease. Many studies have found that gut microorganisms play an important role in maintaining human body homeostasis, and that their metabolites are linked to a variety of chronic disorders, including renal and cardiovascular disease. Methods: We employed 16S rRNA gene sequencing to identify bacteria species in DKD patients and healthy people.Results: The findings indicated that the DKD had a distinct gut microbiota from the HC. Taxonomic investigations indicated that the DKD microbiome had less alpha diversity than a control group. Proteobacteria and Acidobacteria phyla increased in the DKD, while Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes decreased significantly (P<0.05). Acidobacteria and Acidobacteria were the most prevalent microbiota in the DKD, as determined by the LEfSe plot. Changes in the intestinal microbiota of DKD also had an effect on the makeup of metabolites. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and protein-bound uremic toxins (PBUTs) were shown to be specific. Then we discovered that arginine and proline metabolism was the primary mechanism involved in the regulation of diabetic kidney disease.Conclusions: The findings of this study place the serum and urine microbiota of DKD patients into a functional context and identify the most abundant microbiota (Proteobacteria and Acidobacteria) in DKD. Metabolites of arginine may have a significant impact in people with DKD.
Salicylic acid application improves morpho-physiological responses, yield, and water productivity of lowland rice cultivars under normal and deficit irrigation
Authors: Sherbiny Heba El , El-Hashash Essam , El-Enin Moamen , Nofal Randa , Mageed Taia ِAbd El , Bleih Eman , Shaaban Ahmed 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: The main constraint of rice cultivation in Mediterranean area is the limited irrigation water and consumes large. In addition, rice is very sensitive to drought conditions due to its effect on morpho-physiological traits with yield reduction. The application of salicylic acid (SA) has been noticed as very effective to alleviate the adverse effects of drought stress in rice. This investigation was conducted as split-split experiments based on randomized complete blocks design with two rice cultivars (Giza 177 and Giza 179), SA as a foliar application at four concentrations (0, 400, 700, and 1000 µM) under normal and drought conditions. Results: plant growth, leaf photosynthetic pigments, yields, and most studied traits were significantly affected by irrigation conditions (I), cultivars (C), and SA concentrations (p <0.05 or 0.01). The interaction effect of I × C × SA was significant only on carotenoids content (p <0.05). The reduction of grain yield and most studied traits was more pronounced under drought conditions. The Giza 179 proved to be a drought-tolerant cultivar under all SA concentrations in drought conditions, while cv Giza 177 is drought-sensitive. The application of SA at 700 µM recorded the best crop grain yield and all studied traits in both cultivars under drought conditions compared to other SA concentrations. Grain yield (t ha-1) for normal irrigation (Yp) and drought stress (Ys) conditions were highly positively correlated with indices of mean productivity index (MP), geometric mean productivity (GMP), stress tolerance index (STI), yield index (YI), yield stability index (YSI), drought resistance Index (DI), harmonic mean (HM), and Golden mean (GOL). While they are highly negatively correlated with indices of SSI stress susceptibility index (SSI), stress tolerance index (TOL), yield reduction ratio (YR), stress susceptibility percentage index (SSPI) and abiotic tolerance index (ATI). Conclusions: The results indicated that salicylic acid, as a growth regulator, could be used to alleviate the harmful effect of inadequate water availability in soil on rice cultivars as well as improve the growth, water productivity and yield of the crop
Local hyperthermia inhibits proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma cells via regulating the Hippo signaling pathway
Authors: ren feng , yang yingying , li jian , qin yuanhua , shang jingli , zhang yu , wang lifang , han tao , hu yuhan 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third malignant tumor in the world. Many evidences have demonstrated that hyperthermia exerts a crucial role in cancer therapy. However, it remains elusive whether hyperthermia restrains HCC progression and the underlying molecular mechanism of hyperthermia on HCC is unknown. Here, we find that local hyperthermia has a strong anti-liver tumor effect in vivo and in vitro. Heat stimulus decreases the proliferation of liver cancer cells in vitro and suppresses the tumor growth in mice through inducing apoptosis. Furthermore, RNA-seq results have demonstrated that the Hippo signaling pathway plays a major role in heat therapy. Mechanistically, heat stimulation restrains the expression of YAP protein in the nucleus. Together, all our results have suggested that heating therapy inhibits the proliferation of HCC cells by regulating the Hippo signaling pathway, suggesting YAP is a potentially promising target for HCC therapy.
Correlation analysis between aromatase inhibitor and lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration: a case-control study
Authors: Li Xiangyu , Gao Xianda , Zhao Ruoyu , Chang Hengrui , Ding Wenyuan 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Hormone level is an important factor affecting intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD). Aromatase inhibitors (AI) can reduce the production of estrogen in peripheral tissues by inhibiting the activity of aromatase. The objective of this study is to investigate the correlation between AI as endocrine therapy and IVDD in postoperative patients with breast cancer.Methods: Postmenopausal breast cancer patients treated in the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University after surgery were retrospectively analyzed. Patients' age, height, weight, menstrual history, basic diseases, postoperative history, postoperative chemotherapy plan and imaging data were collected. Patients were devided into the AI group and the non-AI group according to whether AI were used or not. IVDD was assessed by measuring lumbar lordosis (LL), vertebral CT density, lumbar disc height index (DHI), and modified Pfirrmann grading system. SPSS 20 was used for statistical analysis.Results: A total of 68 patients were included in the study, including 40 patients in the AI group and 28 patients in the non-AI group. No significant differences were present in age, body mass index (BMI), prevalence of basic diseases, postoperative history, LL and vertebral CT density between the AI group and the non-AI group. Lumbar DHI of L1/2, L2/3 and L3/4 in the non-AI group was higher than that in the AI group (P = 0.001, P = 0.010 and P = 0.010, respectively). But the comparisons of L4/5, L5/S1 DHI and average DHI between the two groups were not significant (P > 0.05). The modified Pfirrmann grading of L1/2, L2/3, L3/4 and L4/5 in AI group was higher than that in non-AI group (P=0.001, P=0.017, P=0.005 and P=0.004, respectively). However, the comparison of L5/S1 modified Pfirrmann grading between the two groups was not significant (P > 0.05).Conclusions: This study indicates that there may be a positive correlation between the use of AI and lumbar IVDD, which is significant in the upper lumbar spine (L1/2-L3/4).
Fasting blood glucose-to-glycated hemoglobin ratio and all-cause mortality among Chinese in-hospital patients with acute stroke: a 12-month follow-up study
Authors: Cai Zhong-ming , Zhang Man-man , Feng Ren-qian , Zhou Xu-dong , Chen Hao-man , Liu Zhi-peng , Wu Yan-zhi , Lin Qun-li , Ye Sheng-lie , Liao Cheng-wei , Huang Xue-rong , Sun Le-qiu , Yang Bo , Zhu Bei-lei 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Stroke is a leading cause of death and functional impairment in order people. To assess the prospective association between fasting blood glucose-to-glycated hemoglobin ratio and all-cause mortality and poor prognosis in stroke patients.
Methods
A total of 941 Chinese inpatients with acute stroke (mean age of 65.7) were consecutively enrolled in the prospective clinical study and followed up for 12 months after discharge. Stress hyperglycemia was measured using the ratio of fasting blood glucose (FBG, mmol/L)/glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c, %). The primary outcome was all-cause mortality, and secondary outcomes were poor prognosis defined as infectious complications, a National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score ≥ 6, a Barthel Index score ≤ 60, or a modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score of 3–6, presented as multivariate-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) across the quartiles of the FBG/HbA1c ratio.
Results
There were 35 (4.1%) all-cause deaths at 3 months and 85 (11.4%) at 12 months. The inpatients with the highest quartile of the FBG/HbA1c ratio had a higher risk of all-cause death at 3 months (adjusted OR: 5.14, 95% CI: 1.06–24.90) and 12 months (adjusted OR: 2.58, 95% CI: 1.14–5.83) and a higher risk of infectious complications (adjusted OR 2.52, 95% CI 1.33–4.76) and dysfunction (adjusted OR 1.87, 95% CI 1.13–3.10) during hospitalization than inpatients with the lowest quartile.
Conclusions
Stress hyperglycemia, measured by the FBG/HbA1c ratio, was associated with an increased risk of adverse outcomes, including all-cause death, infectious complications, and dysfunction after stroke.
Central Autonomic Network Alterations in Male Endurance Athletes
Authors: Cruz Feliberto de la , Geisler Maria , Schumann Andy , Herbsleb Marco , Kinikis Zora , Weiss Thomas , Bär Karl-Jürgen 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Physical exercise causes marked adjustments in brain function and the cardiovascular system. Brain regions of the so-called central autonomic network (CAN) are likely to show exercise-related alterations due to their involvement in cardiac control, yet exercise-induced CAN changes remain unclear. Here we investigate the effects of intensive exercise on brain regions involved in cardiac autonomic regulation using resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC). We explored rsFC of six core regions within CAN, namely ventromedial prefrontal cortex, dorsolateral anterior cingulate cortex, left/right amygdala, and left/right anterior insula, in 20 endurance athletes and 21 non-athletes. We showed that athletes had enhanced rsFC within CAN and sensorimotor areas compared to non-athletes. Likewise, we identified two networks with increased rsFC encompassing autonomic and motor-related areas using network-based statistics analysis. In addition, rsFC displayed an inverse relationship with heart rate, where the stronger rsFC in athletes correlates with their slower heart rate. Despite this significant relationship, mediation analysis revealed that heart rate is a weak mediator of the effect of intensive physical training on rsFC. Our findings prove that physical exercise enhances brain connectivity in central autonomic and sensorimotor networks and highlight the close interaction between brain and heart.
Incidence and Clinical Characteristic of Ocular Surface Manifestation: An Evaluation of Conjunctival Swab Results in Corona Virus 2019 (COVID-19) Patients in Jakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Susiyanti Made , Daniel Hisar , Faridah Diah , Devona Dinda Arken , Pramitha Pradnya , Bela Budiman , Haryanto Budi , Barliana Julie Dewi , Estu Dian , Victor Andi Arus , Putri Nina Dwi , Candra Julius , Sitorus Rita Sita 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the spectrum of ocular characteristics and viral presence in the conjunctival swab of patients with COVID-19.Methods: Fifty-three patients were recruited from two COVID-19 referral hospitals in Jakarta (Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital and Persahabatan Hospital) from July 2020 to March 2021. The inclusion criteria were patients who were suspected of or confirmed cases of COVID-19 with or without ocular symptoms. Demographic data, history of COVID-19 exposure, underlying medical condition, systemic symptoms, ocular symptoms, supporting laboratory results, reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) of naso-oropharyngeal (NOP) swab and conjunctival swab were collected.Results: Fifty-three patients who were suspected, probable or confirmed cases of Covid-19 were included. Forty-six out of 53 patients (86.79%) tested positive for either Covid-19 antibody rapid test or naso-oropharyngeal (NOP) swab. Forty-two patients tested positive for NOP swab. Two out of 42 patients (4.76%) who tested positive for NOP swab were also positive for conjunctival swab.Conclusions: Establishing the relationship between Covid-19 infection, ocular symptoms, and presence of SARS-CoV-2 virus on the ocular surface proves to be challenging. Ocular symptoms did not warrant a positive conjunctival swab result due to nasolacrimal drainage that quickly clears the virus into the respiratory tract. Most importantly, a patient without ocular symptoms can have detectable presence of SARS-CoV-2 virus on the ocular surface. Hence, tear droplets transmission is possible and preventative measures should be implemented. As ocular involvement is often a systemic response rather than local viral activity, detection of the virus in conjunctival swab is low.
Differential lncRNA and mRNA expression profiles in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of mild and severe influenza-associated pneumonia patients
Authors: Yin Yudong , Feng Shenghu , Shen Hong , Cao Di , Wei Ming , Liu Zhenjia , Yang Chunxiu , Gu Li 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This study was to compare the Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA) and messenger RNA (mRNA) expression profiles, their related biological functions, and pathways in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of patients with mild and severe influenza associated pneumonia (IAP). Initially,10 mild and 10 severe IAP patients were enrolled. RNA samples were extracted from the PBMCs of those patients and comprehensive lncRNA and mRNA profiles were examined using Clariom™ D microarrays. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genome (KEGG) analysis were used to predict the function and signaling pathways affected by the differentially expressed mRNA. LncRNA-mRNA interaction network was performed to explore the synergistic effect of differentially expressed lncRNAs and their function-related mRNAs. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was carried out to verify the microarray results. A total of 40 upregulated and 40 downregulated lncRNAs and 120 upregulated and 60 downregulated mRNAs were identified using microarray analysis. A total of 23 GO items were significantly associated with related differential expressed mRNA. KEGG pathway analysis demonstrated that nuclear factor-κB (NF‐κB) signaling pathway, mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling pathway were significantly related to those differentially expressed mRNAs. LncRNA-mRNA network analysis identified several key lncRNAs and mRNAs including NONHSAT105043, SBDSP1, CA5BP1, DDX3X, and IL-4R. Altogether, our data signify that the differently expressed lncRNAs and mRNAs identified in the current study as well as the related signaling pathways may provide systematic information for understanding the pathogenesis of IAP.