bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hepatopancreas transcriptome analyses provide new insights into the molecular regulatory mechanism of fast ovary maturation in Macrobrachium nipponense
Authors: Jiang Sufei , Zhang Wenyi , Xiong Yiwei , Cheng Dan , Wang Jisheng , Jin Shubo , Gong Yongsheng , Wu Yan , Qiao Hui , Fu Hongtuo 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundMacrobrachium nipponenseis an economically and ecologically important freshwater prawn that is widely farmed in China. In contrast to other species of marine shrimp,M. nipponensehas a short sexual maturity period, resulting in not only high stocking densities, but also a reduced survival rate and increased risk of hypoxia. Therefore, there is an urgent need to study the molecular mechanisms underlying fast ovary maturation in this species.ResultsComparative transcriptome analysis was performed using hepatopancreatic tissue from femaleM. nipponenseacross five ovarian maturation stages to explore differentially expressed genes and pathways involved in ovarian maturation. In total, 118.01 Gb of data were generated from 15 transcriptomes. Approximately 90.46% of clean reads were mapped from theM. nipponensereference genome. A comprehensive comparative analysis between successive ovarian maturation stages generated 230–5814 differentially expressed genes. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment was highly concentrated in the “biological process” category in all four comparison groups, and mainly focused on energy synthesis and accumulation, energy decomposition and transport. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment results showed that, among 20 significantly enriched KEGG pathways, nine were involved in the synthesis, degradation, and metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids, and other nutrient intermediates, suggesting that the hepatopancreas has an important role in energy supply during ovarian maturation. Furthermore, the “Insect hormone biosynthesis” pathway was found to have a dominant role in the development of the ovary from immaturity to maturity, supporting the hypothesis that ecdysteroid- and juvenile hormone-signaling pathways have an important role in hepatopancreas regulation of ovarian maturation.ConclusionTaken together, this study sheds light on the role of the hepatopancreas in the molecular regulation of ovary maturation inM. nipponense. The present study provided new insights for understanding the mechanisms of reproductive regulation in crustaceans.
Differential diagnosis of non-diffuse primary thyroid lymphoma and papillary thyroid carcinoma by ultrasound combined with computed tomography
Authors: Peng Chanjuan , Yi Dan , Zhou Ying , Yao Jincao , Chen Bo , Yang Chen , Xu Dong 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Primary thyroid lymphoma (PTL) and papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) are both thyroid malignancies, but their therapeutic methods and prognosis are different. This study aims to explore their sonographic and computed tomography(CT)features, and to improve the early diagnosis rate.

Methods
The clinical and imaging data of 50 patients with non-diffuse PTL and 100 patients with PTC confirmed by pathology were retrospectively analysed.

Results
Of the 150 patients, from the perspective of clinical data, between non-diffuse PTL and PTC patients existed significant difference in age, maximum diameter of nodule, asymmetric enlargement and Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (P < 0.001), but not in gender ratio, echo texture, cystic change and anteroposterior-to-transverse ratio (P > 0.05). With respect to sonographic feature, non-diffuse PTL patients had a higher proportion than PTC patients in markedly hypoechoic, internal linear echogenic strands, posterior echo enhancement, rich vascularity, lack of calcification and homogeneous enhancement, with statistically significant difference (P < 0.05), while PTC patients had a higher proportion than non-diffuse PTL patients in irregular border, circumscribed margin, capsular invasion and significant enhancement, with statistically significant difference (P < 0.001). With respect to CT feature, non-diffuse PTL patients were significantly different from PTC patients in the non-contrast CT value mean, venous phase CT value mean, enhanced intensity and homogeneity of nodules (P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age (OR = 1.226, 95%CI:1.056 ~ 1.423, P = 0.007), posterior echo enhancement (OR = 51.152, 95%CI: 2.934 ~ 891.738, P = 0.007), lack of calcification (OR = 0.013, 95%CI: 0.000 ~ 0.400, P = 0.013) and homogeneous enhancement (OR = 0.020, 95%CI: 0.001 ~ 0.507, P = 0.018) were independent risk factors.

Conclusions
Sonographic and CT features of the presence of posterior echo enhancement, lack of calcification and homogeneous enhancement were valuable to distinguishing non-diffuse PTL from PTC.
Prevalence and associated factors of corneal arcus in the geriatric population; Tehran geriatric eye study
Authors: Hashemi Hassan , Malekifar Pooneh , Aghamirsalim Mohamadreza , Yekta Abbasali , Mahboubipour Hassan , Khabazkhoob Mehdi 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPurposeTo determine the age and sex-standardized prevalence of corneal arcus and its associated factors in a geriatric population.MethodsThis population-based cross-sectional study was conducted in 2019 in Tehran; the capital of Iran, using a multi-stage stratified random cluster sampling method. All participants underwent a detailed interview, blood pressure measurement, laboratory blood tests, and a complete ocular examination.ResultsThree thousand three hundred ten of 3791 invitees participated in the study (response rate: 87.31%). The mean age of the participants was 69.35 ± 7.62 years (60–97 years) and 1912 (57.76%) were female. Overall, the age and sex-standardized prevalence (95% CI) of corneal arcus was 44.28% (41.21–47.39). Based on the multiple logistic regression, the odds of corneal arcus were higher in men than in women (OR: 1.51; 95% CI: 1.14–2.00); in the age group ≥ 80 years compared to the age group 60–64 years (OR: 2.44; 95% CI: 1.68–3.53), and in retired people compared to employed individuals (OR: 2.05; 95% CI: 1.31–3.21).ConclusionThe present study showed a high prevalence of corneal arcus in the geriatric population. Although various studies have reported a significant relationship between corneal arcus with blood lipid and glucose levels as well as blood pressure, these relationships were not found in the present study.
Quality of life and cost-effectiveness analysis of topical tranexamic acid and fibrin glue in femur fracture surgery
Authors: Merchán-Galvis A , Posso M , Canovas E , Jordán M , Aguilera X , Martinez-Zapata MJ 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
We assessed quality of life (QoL) of patients undergoing surgery for proximal femur fracture and performed a cost-effectiveness analysis of haemostatic drugs for reducing postoperative bleeding.

Methods
We analysed data from an open, multicentre, parallel, randomized controlled clinical trial (RCT) that assessed the efficacy and safety of tranexamic acid (TXA group) and fibrin glue (FG group) administered topically prior to surgical closure, compared with usual haemostasis methods (control group).
For this study we conducted a cost-effectiveness analysis of these interventions from the Spanish Health System perspective, using a time horizon of 12 months. The cost was reported in $US purchasing power parity (USPPP). We calculated the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) per QALY (quality-adjusted life-year).

Results
We included 134 consecutive patients from February 2013 to March 2015: 42 patients in the TXA group, 46 in the FG group, and 46 in the control group. Before the fracture, EuroQol visual analogue scale (EQ-VAS) health questionnaire score was 68.6. During the 12 months post-surgery, the intragroup EQ-VAS improved, but without reaching pre-fracture values.
There were no differences between groups for EQ-VAS and EuroQol 5 dimensions 5 levels (EQ-5D-5L) health questionnaire score, nor in hospital stay costs or medical complication costs. Nevertheless, the cost of one FG treatment was significantly higher (399.1 $USPPP) than the cost of TXA (12.9 $USPPP) or usual haemostasis (0 $USPPP).
When comparing the cost-effectiveness of the interventions, FG was ruled out by simple dominance since it was more costly (13,314.7 $USPPP) than TXA (13,295.2 $USPPP) and less effective (utilities of 0.0532 vs. 0.0734, respectively). TXA compared to usual haemostasis had an ICER of 15,289.6 $USPPP per QALY).

Conclusions
There were no significant differences between the intervention groups in terms of postoperative changes in QoL. However, topical TXA was more cost-effective than FG or usual haemostasis.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02150720. Date of registration 30/05/2014. Retrospectively registered.
Performance of body mass index and body fat percentage in predicting metabolic syndrome risk factors in diabetic patients of Yazd, Iran
Authors: Shukohifar Marzieh , Mozafari Zohre , Rahmanian Masoud , Mirzaei Masoud 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Body Fat percentage (BFP) and body mass index (BMI) are used to measure obesity-related metabolic syndrome risk. The present study aimed to determine the values of percent body Fat and body mass index for predicting metabolic syndrome risk factors in diabetic patients of Yazd, Iran.

Methods
A total of 1022 (499 males and 523 females) diabetic patients participated in this study. According to Asian BMI criteria, Overweight was diagnosed if a participant had a BMI ≥25 kg/m2 (both male and female) or BFP ≥25% for male and ≥ 32% for female. Based on calculated BMI and BFP and after adjusting for age, height, weight and smoking habits, the participants were classified into group A (normal weight and Non-Fat), group B (overweight and Non-Fat), group C (normal weight and Fat), and group D (overweight and Fat).

Results
According to the results, the BMI of 23.4% were normal and BMI of 76.6% were overweight, respectively. Moreover, the BFP of 25.7 and 74.3% of the studied population were considered as Non-Fat and Fat, respectively. A strong relationship was found with respect to sex stratification; R2 = 0.79. For men, BMI can be a better predictor of hypertension and hypertriglyceridemia than BFP. For women, BMI was a better predictor of hyperglycemia than BFP. Moreover, BFP can be regarded as a better predictor of hyperglycemia in male group, while it was a good predictor of hypertension and hypertriglyceridemia and hypo HDL than BMI, in female group.

Conclusion
Significant differences were observed between BMI and BFP to predict metabolic syndrome risk factors in diabetic patients across different sexes in our study population. In conclusion, both BMI and BFP should be considered in screening steps.
Non-adherence to medication and associated factors among type 2 diabetes patients at Clinique Medicale Fraternite, Rwanda: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Murwanashyaka Jean de Dieu , Ndagijimana Albert , Biracyaza Emmanuel , Sunday François Xavier , Umugwaneza Maryse 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Type 2 Diabetes Miletus (T2DM) is a public health burdens that alarmingly increases and leads to morbidity and mortality over the last decades globally. Its management is multifaceted and adherence to diabetic medications plays great roles in life of T2DM patients. But epidemiology on adherence and its associated factors remain unknown in Rwanda. Therefore, this study determined the extent of non-adherence and its predictors among T2DM patients seeking healthcare services at the Clinique Medicale la Fraternite.

Methods
A cross-sectional study among 200 adults’ patients with T2DM receiving care in the Medicale la Fraternite clinic was investigated. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression models were performed based on odds ratio employed to examine associated predictors of non-adherence. The cut-off value for all statistical significances tests were considered at p < 0.05 with 95% for the confidence intervals.

Results
Overall, more than a half of T2DM patients (53.5%) had poor medication adherence. Being females [OR = 2.1, 95%CI(1.13–3.71), p = 0.002], consuming anti-diabetic drugs for 4–10 years [OR = 2.18, 95%CI(1.09–4.34), p = 0.027], experiencing poor communication with healthcare providers [OR = 2.4; 95%CI (1.36–4.25), p = 0.003] and being perceived as burden of the family [OR = 5.8; 95%CI(1.3–25.7), p < 0.021] had higher odds of non-adherence to anti-diabetic medications. Those with poor HbA1C [OR = 4.26; 95%CI(1.7–10.67), p = 0.002] had 4.26 times higher odds to be non-adherent compared to those with good HbA1C. Respondents with primary [OR = 3.56; 95%CI (1.12–11.28), p = 0.031] and secondary education [OR = 2.96; 95%CI (1.11–7.87), p = 0.03] were more likely to be non-adherent than those with informal education respectively. Those with normal BMI [OR = 5.17; 95%CI(1.63–16.37), p = 0.005] and those with overweight or obese [OR = 3.6; 95%CI (1.04–9.1), p < 0.02] had higher odds of being non-adherent than those with underweight.

Conclusion
Sex, glycaemia, communication with healthcare providers, education and gycosylated hemoglobin were the major predictors of non-adherence. Interventions for tackling this problem through bringing together efforts to stem this epidemic and controlling predictors of non-adherence are urgently recommended.
“If the social circle is engaged, more pregnant women will successfully quit smoking”: a qualitative study of the experiences of midwives in the Netherlands with smoking cessation care
Authors: Willemse Eefje , Walters Bethany Hipple , Springvloet Linda , Bommelé Jeroen , Willemsen Marc C. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
If smoking is common within a pregnant woman’s social circle, she is more likely to smoke and her chances of succeeding in quitting smoking are reduced. It is therefore important to encourage smoking cessation in a pregnant woman’s social circle. Midwives are ideally positioned to help pregnant women and members of their social circle quit smoking but there is currently little knowledge about if and how midwives approach smoking cessation with pregnant women’s social circles.

Methods
In 2017 and 2018, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 14 birth care providers in the Netherlands. Interviews were inductively coded; data were analyzed thematically.

Results
In the interviews, midwives reported that they don’t commonly provide smoking cessation support to members of pregnant women’s social circles. The respondents noted that they primarily focused on mothers and weren’t always convinced that advising the partners, family, and friends of pregnant women to quit smoking was their responsibility. Data from the interviews revealed that barriers to giving advice to the social circle included a lack of a trusting relationship with the social circle, concerns about raising the topic and giving unwanted advice on cessation to members of the social circle and a lack of opportunity to discuss smoking.

Conclusions
Midwives in the Netherlands were reluctant to actively provide smoking cessation advice to the social circle of pregnant women. To overcome barriers to addressing cessation to the social circle, educational programs or new modules for existing programs could be used to improve skills related to discussing smoking. Clear guidelines and protocols on the role of midwives in providing cessation support to the social circle could help midwives overcome ambivalence that they might have.
Optimising a person-centred approach to stopping medicines in older people with multimorbidity and polypharmacy using the DExTruS framework: a realist review
Authors: Turk Amadea , Wong Geoffrey , Mahtani Kamal R. , Maden Michelle , Hill Ruaraidh , Ranson Ed , Wallace Emma , Krska Janet , Mangin Dee , Byng Richard , Lasserson Daniel , Reeve Joanne 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundTackling problematic polypharmacy requires tailoring the use of medicines to individual circumstances and may involve the process of deprescribing. Deprescribing can cause anxiety and concern for clinicians and patients. Tailoring medication decisions often entails beyond protocol decision-making, a complex process involving emotional and cognitive work for healthcare professionals and patients. We undertook realist review to highlight and understand the interactions between different factors involved in deprescribing and to develop a final programme theory that identifies and explains components of good practice that support a person-centred approach to deprescribing in older patients with multimorbidity and polypharmacy.MethodsThe realist approach involves identifying underlying causal mechanisms and exploring how, and under what conditions they work. We conducted a search of electronic databases which were supplemented by citation checking and consultation with stakeholders to identify other key documents. The review followed the key steps outlined by Pawson et al. and followed the RAMESES standards for realist syntheses.ResultsWe included 119 included documents from which data were extracted to produce context-mechanism-outcome configurations (CMOCs) and a final programme theory. Our programme theory recognises that deprescribing is a complex intervention influenced by a multitude of factors. The components of our final programme theory include the following: a supportive infrastructure that provides clear guidance around professional responsibilities and that enables multidisciplinary working and continuity of care, consistent access to high-quality relevant patient contextual data, the need to support the creation of a shared explanation and understanding of the meaning and purpose of medicines and a trial and learn approach that provides space for monitoring and continuity. These components may support the development of trust which may be key to managing the uncertainty and in turn optimise outcomes. These components are summarised in the novel DExTruS framework.ConclusionOur findings recognise the complex interpretive practice and decision-making involved in medication management and identify key components needed to support best practice. Our findings have implications for how we design medication review consultations, professional training and for patient records/data management. Our review also highlights the role that trust plays both as a central element of tailored prescribing and a potential outcome of good practice in this area.
Indirect comparison between powered and manual circular staplers for left-sided colorectal anastomoses: clinical and economic outcomes in China
Authors: Bai Junwei , Zhao Yingnan , Liang Hong , Li Junmeng , Zhang Chao 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Aims
This study aimed to examine the economic and clinical benefits of a new powered circular stapler for left-sided colorectal construction in China.

Methods
A decision analysis model was constructed for a cohort of adult patients who underwent left-sided colorectal anastomoses, using either the Echelon Circular Powered (ECP) stapler) or the conventional manual circular staplers (MCS). The complications rates and healthcare resource utilization in the ECP cohort were obtained from the single-arm ECP trial (NCT03326895). For the MCS cohort, retrospective data from 20 Chinese hospitals were analyzed. Listing prices were used to estimate the costs of the staplers in China. Propensity score matching (PSM) was employed to adjust for the imbalance between the two cohorts. Anastomotic leak rate, length of stay (LOS), 90-day readmission rate, and direct medical costs were used for the decision analysis model parameters. A budget impact analysis was conducted to compare the total hospitalization expenditure between ECP and manual circular staplers from the hospital’s perspective in China.

Results
Assuming 100 procedures per year, the anastomotic leak rate was 1.79 and 29.76 per 100 procedures in the ECP and MCS cohorts, respectively. LOS was 1,426.91 days in the ECP cohort, compared to 1,702.38 days in the MCS cohort. The 90-day readmission rate was also lower in the ECP cohort than the MCS cohort (19.10 vs. 26.19 per 100 procedures). For the 100 procedures, the annual total hospitalization costs for left-sided colorectal anastomosis were reduced from ¥7,152,251 using manual circular staplers to ¥6,919,306 using ECP. Despite a higher acquisition cost of ECP compared to the manual staplers (¥711,200 vs. ¥441,700), an annual saving of ¥232,945in the total cost resulted from lower rates of complications and shorter LOS. Sensitivity analyses presented consistent savings using ECP, and the ECP cost and cost of the index hospitalization with anastomotic leak were found the most influencing factors.

Conclusions
There were clinical and economic benefits of ECP, compared to manual circular staplers for left-sided colorectal anastomoses. Further direct comparative studies on the use of ECP in practice in Chinese hospital settings are warranted.
Metagenomic analysis of viral diversity and a novel astroviruse of forest rodent
Authors: Yin Hai-chang , Wan De-cai , Chen Hong-yan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Rodents are important virus reservoirs and natural hosts for multiple viruses. They are one of the wild animals that are extremely threatening to the spread of human viruses. Therefore, research on rodents carrying viruses and identifying new viruses that rodents carry is of great significance for preventing and controlling viral diseases.

Methods
In this study, fecal samples from six species of forest rodents in Northeast China were sequenced using metagenomics, and an abundance of virome information was acquired. Selection of important zoonotic in individual rodents for further sequence and evolutionary analysis.

Results
Among the top 10 most abundant viral families, RNA virus include Orthomyxoviridae, Picornaviridae, Bunyaviridae and Arenaviridae, DNA virus include Herpesviridae, Insect virus include Nodaviridae and Baculoviridae, Plant virus Tombusviridae and Phage (Myoriviridae). Except for Myoviridae, there was no significant difference in the abundance of virus families in the feces of each rodent species. In addition, a new strain of astrovirus was discovered, with an ORF and genome arrangement comparable to other rodent astroviruses.The newly identified astrovirus had the highest similarity with the rodent astrovirus isolate, CHN/100.

Conclusions
The data obtained in this study provided an overview of the viral community present in these rodent fecal samples, revealing some rodent-associated viruses closely related to known human or animal pathogens. Strengthening our understanding of unclassified viruses harbored by rodents present in the natural environment could provide scientific guidance for preventing and controlling new viral outbreaks that can spread via rodents.