bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
COVID-19 vaccine and Menstrual conditions in female: data analysis of the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System
Authors: Zhang Bing , Yu Xiao , Liu Jinxing , Liu Pengfei 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: In reports of adverse reactions following vaccination with the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) vaccines, there have been fewer reports of concern for menstrual disorders in female.
Objective: Our study used Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System(VAERS)to investigate and analyze the relationship between COVID-19 Vaccines and menstrual disorders in female.
Methods: We collected reports of menstrual disorders in VAERS from July 2, 1990 to November 12, 2021, and performed a stratified analysis. The potential relationship between COVID-19 vaccine and reports of menstrual disorders was evaluated using the Reporting Odds Ratio (ROR) method.
Results: A total of 14,431 reports of menstrual disorders were included in the study, and 13,118 were associated with COVID-19 vaccine. The ROR was 7.83 (95% confidence interval [95%CI]:7.39-8.28). The most commonly reported event was Menstruation irregular (4998 reports), and a higher percentage of female aged 30-49 years reported menstrual disorders (42.55%) after exposure to COVID-19 Vaccines. Both for all reports of menstrual disorders (ROR=5.82; 95%CI:4.93-6.95) and excluding reports of unknown age (ROR=13.02; 95%CI:10.89-15.56), suggest that female age may be associated with menstrual disorders after vaccination with the COVID-19 Vaccines.
Conclusion: Our study suggests a potential safety signal among female who received the COVID-19 vaccine, which may cause menstrual disorders in young adult female (30-49 years old). However, due to the well-known limitations of spontaneous reporting data, it is challenging to directly define menstrual disorders as an adverse event of the COVID-19 Vaccines, and reports of adverse reactions to COVID-19 Vaccines in this age group should continue to be tracked.
Novel PVA/Chitosan composite membrane modified using bio fabricated α -MnO2 nanoparticles for photocatalytic degradation of cationic dyes
Authors: Srivast Vartika , Choubey Abhay Kumar 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
By integrating the benefits of poly vinyl alcohol and chitosan with bio fabricated α-MnO2 nanoparticles, a novel type polymer-nanocomposite membrane was synthesized through a simple and facile casting method. In this proposed work, the membrane prepared was used for removal of organic textile dyes from their aqueous solution. Two cationic dyes, methylene blue and eosin yellow were chosen as template dyes to be removed from industrial waste water. These dyes were degraded by carrying out a reaction in which the synthesized membrane was used as a photocatalyst. The photocatalyst was found to be highly efficient for removal of these dyes from their aqueous solutions. The efficiency of catalyst and the rate of reaction were also examined by varying parameters such as pH, initial concentration of dyes and composition of membrane. The catalyst was found to be reusable as its efficiency did not deteriorate even after using it for 5 times. Such functional membrane having higher stability, low production cost, excellent efficiency to degrade dyes and good recyclability are promising material for distinctly effective deletion of organic dyes from waste water.
Hydrochemical characteristics and microbial community evolution of Pinglu river affected by regional abandoned coal mine drainage, Guizhou province, China
Authors: Chen Di , Zhang Yun , Feng Qiyan 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Acid mine drainage (AMD) from abandoned coal mines has become the main source of recharge for Pinglu River. The revelation of the hydrochemical characteristics of regional AMD contamination and the evolution of river microbial communities can contribute to the source management and ecological remediation of AMD pollution. In this study, we collected twelve abandoned coal mine drainage (group M), eight polluted river water samples (group R) and five river sediment samples for comprehensive analysis. Results indicated that SO4-Ca·Mg was the main hydrochemical type of group M samples, and the Ca/Mg ratio of drainage was significantly negatively correlated with SO42- (R2=0.612, p<0.05). The confluence of AMD resulted in a gradual change of river hydrochemical type from SO4·HCO3-Ca·Mg to SO4-Ca·Mg, accompanied by a simultaneous decrease in sediment microbial community diversity. In addition, significant differences in microbial community composition and diversity were observed between the upstream and downstream sediment of Pinglu river, and these differences were mainly attributed to pH, TOC and TP. Results of BugBase phenotype prediction demonstrated that the relative abundance of anaerobic microorganisms in river sediment gradually decreased from upstream to downstream (from 24.77 to 12.46%), which was mainly contributed by genera such as Geobacter, Citrifermentans, Luteitalea and Vicinamibacter.
Role of narrative medical education in cultivating empathy of general practitioners
Authors: zhao jianhua , ouyang xiantao , li qiong , liu hao , wang fan , li qing , xu zhixiu , ji sibei , yue shuangzhu 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Objective To explore the role of narrative medicine in empathy training in standardized training of general practitioners. Methods A total of 230 general practitioners under neurology training among the 2018-2020 residents in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University were enrolled in this study and randomly divided into the study and control groups. The study group received narrative medical education in addition to the standardized routine resident training. The medical student version of the Jefferson Empirology Scale (Jefferson empathy scale for medical students, JES-MS) was used to evaluate the empathy teaching results of the study group and compare the neurology professional knowledge test scores of the two groups. Results In the study group, the empathy ability score was higher than the pre-teaching score (P<0.01). The neurological professional knowledge examination score of the study group physicians was higher than that in the control group, albeit not significantly. Conclusion The addition of narrative medical education in the standardized training improves the empathy of general practitioners and professional knowledge of neurology.
ROC-tree algorithm for stratification of binary classifier sets with varied discrimination threshold
Authors: Ganushchak Yuri M. , Barenburg P. J.C. , Maessen J. G. , Nia P Sardari 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Binary classifier systems are used in multiple practical situations. Evaluation of diagnostic ability of a binary classifier, as its discrimination threshold is varied, often requires data transformation by performing aggregation operations. One of the most used aggregation methods is division by percentiles which divides the data set at the equal by size subgroups blindly, independently from the structure of data. We developed a ROC-tree algorithm for selection of threshold values, which is a recursive downwards splitting of each group at the two subgroups (branches) by cut-off point of ROC curve. We showed that suggested ROC-tree algorithm allows to define optimal (natural) boundaries and number of groups. Two methods of data aggregation (percentiles and ROC-tree algorithms) were tested using the dataset ‘Credit Card Fraud Detection’ (https://www.kaggle.com/mlg-ulb/creditcardfraud). The results of one-vs-one reduction for the assessment of the multiclass classifications were presented as macro-average of hybrid threshold performance metrics. The macro-averages of metrics like Youden index, accuracy, optimized precision, and geometric mean were significantly different between used aggregation algorithms. The differences between macro-average of metrics ROC-tree and quartiles algorithms of stratification were preserved during 10 fold stratified cross-validation procedure. Using algorithm sensitive to the distribution patterns, e.g., ROC-tree algorithm showed adequate stratification at groups by natural cut-off points determined by the data set composition. This method provides effective aggregation for summarizing or analyzing data in a various fields of sciences. In health care described algorithm allows effective evaluation of mortality causes and quality control specialized medical care by hospitals.
Epidemiology of Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Kazakhstan: Data from Unified National Electronic Health System 2014-2019
Authors: Galiyeva Dinara , Gusmanov Arnur , Sakko Yesbolat , Issanov Alpamys , Atageldiyeva Kuralay , Kadyrzhanuly Kainar , Nurpeissova Aiymzhan , Rakhimzhanova Marzhan , Durmanova Aigul , Sarria-Santamera Antonio , Gaipov Abduzhappar 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: We aimed to explore descriptive epidemiology of T1 and T2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) and to investigate demographic factors and comorbidities associated with all-cause mortality by aggregating and utilizing large-scale administrative healthcare data from the Unified National Electronic Health System (UNEHS) for 2014-2019 years period.Methods: We used Kaplan-Meier and log-rank test to calculate failure function and differences in survival by age, sex, ethnicity, and comorbidities with all-cause mortality for Type 1 and Type 2 DM. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was used to obtain crude and adjusted hazard ratios.Results: Prevalence of Type 1 and Type 2 DM increased 1.7 times from 2014 to 2019. Mortality of Type 1 and Type 2 DM also increased 4 times and 6 times from 2014 to 2019, respectively. Male sex, older age and Kazakh ethnicity were associated with a higher risk of all-cause death compared to females, younger age and other nationalities than Kazakh in patients with Type 1 and Type 2 DM. Coronary artery disease, diabetic nephropathy, stroke, amputations and neoplasms were associated with a higher risk of all-cause death. Conclusion: The prevalence and mortality rate of Type 1 and Type 2 DM increased during the years 2014 - 2019 in Kazakhstan. Male sex, older age and Kazakh ethnicity were associated with a higher risk of all-cause death compared to females, younger age and other nationalities than Kazakh. Coronary artery disease, diabetic nephropathy, stroke, amputations and neoplasms were associated with a higher risk of all-cause death.
A simple self-assembling system of melittin for hepatoma treatment
Authors: Zhang Zhenhai , Jin Xin , Yang Qing , Song Jie 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Hepatoma is a serious public health concern. New attempts are urgently needed to solve this problem. Melittin, a host defense peptide derived from the venom of honeybees, has noteworthy hemolysis and non-specific cytotoxicity in clinical applications. Here, the self-assembly of melittin and vitamin E-succinic acid-(glutamate)12 (VG) was fabricated via noncovalent π-stacking and hydrogen bonding interactions by an environment-friendly method without the use of “toxic” solvents. As expected, the designed self-assembly (denoted as M/VG nanoparticles) exhibits a uniform morphology with a particle size of approximately 60 nm and a zeta potential of approximately − 26.8 mV. Furthermore, added VG significantly decreased hemolytic activity, increased tumor-targeted effects, promoted the cellular uptake, and accelerate apoptosis. Our research provides a promising strategy for the development of natural self-assembled biological peptides for clinical application, particularly for transforming toxic peptides into safe therapeutic systems.
Wild barley (Hordeum spontaneum) and landraces (Hordeum vulgare) from Turkey contain an abundance of novel Rhynchosporium commune resistance loci
Authors: Clare Shaun James , Oğuz Arzu Çelik , Effertz Karl , Karakaya Aziz , Azamparsa Mohammad Reza , Brueggeman Robert Saxon 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Rhynchosporium commune, the causal agent of the disease scald or leaf blotch of barley is a hemibiotrophic fungal pathogen of global importance, responsible for yield losses ranging from 30-40% on susceptible varieties. To date, over 150 resistance loci have been characterized in barley. However, due to the suspected location of the R. commune host jump in Europe, European germplasm has been the primary source used to screen for R. commune resistance leaving wild (Hordeum spontaneum) and landrace (H. vulgare) barley populations from the center of origin largely underutilized. A diverse population consisting of 94 wild and 188 barley landraces from Turkey were genotyped using PCR-GBS amplicon sequencing and screened with six Turkish R. commune isolates. The isolates were collected from distinct geographic regions of Turkey with two from the Aegean region, two from central Turkey and two from the Fertile Crescent region. The data was utilized for association mapping analysis with a total of 21 loci identified, of which 13 were novel, indicating that these diverse primary barley gene pools contain an abundance of novel R. commune resistances that could be utilized for resistance breeding.
OXR1 maintains the retromer to delay brain aging under dietary restriction
Authors: Kapahi Pankaj , Wilson Kenneth , Bar Sudipta , Dammer Eric , Hodge Brian , Carrera Enrique , Hilsabeck Tyler , Bons Joanna , Brownridge George , Beck Jennifer , Rose Jacob , Granath-Panelo Melia , Nelson Christopher , Afenjar Alexandra , Chawla Geetanjali , Brem Rachel , Campeau Philippe , Bellen Hugo , Schilling Birgit , Seyfried Nicholas , Ellerby Lisa 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Dietary restriction (DR) delays aging and neurodegeneration, but the mechanisms behind this remain to be elucidated. We identified genetic polymorphisms in mustard (mtd), the fly homolog of Oxidation resistance 1 (OXR1), which influenced lifespan and mtd expression in neurons in response to DR regulated by the transcription factor Traffic jam (TJ). Knockdown of mtd inhibited DR-mediated lifespan extension. We found that mtd expression naturally declines with age and that loss of mtd destabilized the retromer complex, which regulates trafficking and reuse of endocytosed proteins and lipids and maintains proper lysosomal function. Overexpression of retromer genes Vps35 or Vps26 or pharmacological restabilization with the compound R55 rescued lifespan and neurodegeneration in mtd-deficient flies as well as lysosomal defects in cells from patients who suffer from rapid neurological degeneration caused by loss-of-function of OXR1 variants. Multi-omic analyses in flies and humans showed that decreased Mtd/OXR1 associates with aging and multiple neurological diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease, and its overexpression rescued age-related visual decline and tauopathy in a fly model. Hence, OXR1 plays a conserved role in enhancing retromer function and is critical for neuronal health and longevity across species.
Cytogenetic analysis of patients with hematological malignancies
Authors: Yahya Dinnar , Miteva Valentina , Micheva Ilina , Ruseva Tsanka , Angelova Lyudmila 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Cytogenetic analysis has been a part of the routine assessment of patients with haematological malignancies for several decades. We aim to summarize and assess the activity and performance of the Cytogenetic sector of the Laboratory of Medical Genetics – Varna, in regards to conventional cytogenetic analysis of bone marrow samples from patients with various haematological diagnoses. Another purpose is to evaluate the tendencies noticed over a period of eleven years in order to draw conclusions and share our experience.We performed retrospective analysis on all bone-marrow-derived samples in our centre during the period 2010-2020. We evaluated 2,653 results in total from patients of age 0-93 years. Samples were stained with the G-banding technique in accordance with the current European recommendations and the International System for Human Cytogenomic Nomenclature. A statistical analysis of tendencies over time was performed with the use of GraphPad Prism (v. 8.3.0).Haematological malignancy was the most frequent indication (90.9%) with predominance of acute myeloid leukaemia, myelodysplastic syndrome, acute lymphoid leukaemia, chronic myeloid leukaemia, and multiple myeloma. Analysis was successful in 2,215 (83.5%) - from those normal karyotype was found in 1492 (67.4%), and pathology - in 723 (32.6%). Regarding the latter, most common were complex karyotype (29.9%), Philadelphian chromosome (21%), trisomy 8 (6.1%) and deletion of the long arm of chromosome 5 (4.4%).The method holds a great influence over the evaluation of haematological malignancies and thus it remains an essential part of standard work-up of these diseases. The scientific society recognizes the disadvantages of cytogenetic analysis; as our own experience also confirms, an additional genetic method of greater resolution capacity is needed.
Constructing a Novel Signature and Predicting the Immune Landscape of Colon Cancer Using N6-Methylandenosine-Related lncRNAs
Authors: Wang Yongfeng , Xu Tianchun , Lin Kaili , Jiang Xianglai , Zhang Dongzhi , Liu Xingguang , Ma Haizhong , Fu Liangyin , Zhang Guangming , Wang Haolan , Cai Hui 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Colon cancer (CC) is a prevalent malignant tumor that affects people all around the world. In this study, N6-methylandenosine-related long non-coding RNAs (m6A- related lncRNAs) in 473 colon cancers and 41 adjacent tissues of CC patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were investigated. Method: The Pearson correlation analysis was conducted to examine the m6A-related lncRNAs, and the univariate Cox regression analysis was performed to screen 38 prognostic m6A-related lncRNAs. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis were carried out on 38 prognostic lncRNAs to develop a 14 m6A-related lncRNAs prognostic signature (m6A-LPS) in CC. The availability of the m6A-LPS was evaluated using the Kaplan-Meier and Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves. Results: Three m6A modification patterns with significantly different N stages, survival time, and immune landscapes were identified. It has been discovered that the m6A-LPS, which is based on 14 m6A-related lncRNAs, may represent a new, promising biomarker with great potential. It was re-evaluated in terms of survival rate, clinical features, tumor infiltration immune cells, biomarkers related to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors (ICIs), and chemotherapeutic drug efficacy. Conclusion: This study revealed that the risk signature is a promising predictive indicator that may provide more accurate clinical applications in CC therapeutics and enable effective therapy strategies for clinicians.
Experimental Evidence for E = n 1 2 hν Energy Transfer
Authors: P. Bhanumoorthy 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Crystal diffraction involves energy transfer into and from the crystal. Bragg's law defines an inter-planar spacing as $2\pi$ radians and corresponds to $E=12.4/\lambda$ which is $E=nh\nu$ energy transfer. Energy difference between adjacent Davisson-Germer peaks observed in the historic experiment follows $E=6.2/\lambda$ which is $E=n\fr12h\nu$ energy transfer. One-full oscillation in $2\pi$ radians is one-full quantum of energy transfer and one-half oscillation in $\pi$ radians is one-half quantum of energy transfer. The phenomenon of $E=n\fr12h\nu$ energy transfer defines the Maxwell diffraction law $2d_{\ve k}\sin\theta_{\ve k}=\lambda$ in terms of diffraction angle $\theta_{\ve k}$ where inter-planar spacing $d_{\ve k}$ becomes $\pi$ radians characteristic of an anti-node of a standing wave. Cartesian description cannot accommodate $\pi$ in place of $2\pi$. Hence, the Maxwell diffraction law in place of Bragg's law becomes the starting point for the new field of partial wave quantum crystallography to use precision angles measurable in the experiment for direct method solution to phase problem for macromolecular crystallography.
Living in Ancestrally Diverse States of the United States is Associated with Greater Vagal Tone
Authors: Harrod Ethan G. , Shrira Ilan , Martin Jared D. , Niedenthal Paula M. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Over evolution, humans have primarily responded to dissimilar others (“strangers”) with flight or fight responses. Despite this, contemporary migration patterns are increasing intergroup contact. What gives rise to an individual’s ability to regulate their arousal such that social engagement with outgroup members is possible? We propose that cultural practices that evolve in ancestrally diverse, compared to ancestrally homogeneous, societies provide more opportunities for society members to engage in emotion regulation. This regulatory exercise in turn promotes higher vagal tone – a physiological indicator of one’s ability to effectively manage arousal in social interaction. In a secondary analysis of data from the MIDUS 2 Biomarker Project we find that the ancestral diversity of the states of the United States significantly predicts the average vagal tone of the state’s citizens. The findings suggest that social context is associated with predictable and significant adaptations of human physiology over individual lifetimes.
Exact mean-field models for spiking neural networks with adaptation
Authors: Chen Liang , Campbell Sue Ann 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Networks of spiking neurons with adaption have been shown to be able to reproduce a wide range of neural activities, including the emergent population bursting and spike synchrony that underpin brain disorders and normal function. Exact mean-field models derived from spiking neural networks are extremely valuable, as such models can be used to determine how individual neuron and network parameters interact to produce macroscopic network behaviour. In the paper, we derive and analyze a set of exact mean-field equations for the neural network with spike frequency adaptation. Specifically, our model is a network of Izhikevich neurons, where each neuron is modeled by a two dimensional system consisting of a quadratic integrate and fire equation plus an equation which implements spike frequency adaptation. Previous work deriving a mean-field model for this type of network, relied on the assumption of sufficiently slow dynamics of the adaptation variable. However, this approximation did not succeed in establishing an exact correspondence between the macroscopic description and the realistic neural network, especially when the adaptation time constant was not large. The challenge lies in how to achieve a closed set of mean-field equations with the inclusion of the mean-field expression of the adaptation variable. We address this problem by using a Lorentzian ansatz combined with the moment closure approach to arrive at a mean-field system in the thermodynamic limit. The resulting macroscopic description is capable of qualitatively and quantitatively describing the collective dynamics of the neural network, including transition between tonic firing and bursting. We extend the approach to a network of two populations of neurons and discuss the accuracy and efficacy of our mean-field approximations by examining all assumptions that are imposed during the derivation. Numerical bifurcation analysis of our mean-field models reveal bifurcations not previously observed in the models, including a novel mechanism for emergence of bursting in the network. We anticipate our results will provide a tractable and reliable tool to investigate the underlying mechanism of brain function and dysfunction from the perspective of computational neuroscience.