bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An airfoil geometric-feature extraction and discrepant data fusion learning method
Authors: Xiang Yu , Hu Liwei , Zhang Jun , Wang Wenyong 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The perception of geometric-features of airfoils is the basis in aerodynamic area for performance prediction, parameterization, aircraft inverse design, etc. There are three approaches to percept the geometric shape of airfoils, namely manual design of airfoil geometry parameters, polynomial definition and deep learning. The first two methods directly define geometric-features or polynomials of airfoil curves, but the number of extracted features is limited. Deep learning algorithms can extract a large number of potential features (called latent features). However, the features extracted by deep learning lack explicit geometrical meaning. Motivated by the advantages of polynomial definition and deep learning, we propose a geometric-feature extraction method (named Bézier-based feature extraction, BFE) for airfoils, which consists of two parts: manifold metric feature extraction and geometric-feature fusion encoder (GF encoder). Manifold metric feature extraction, with the help of the Bézier curve, captures manifold metrics (a sort of geometric-features) from tangent space of airfoil curves, and the GF-encoder combines airfoil coordinate data and manifold metrics together to form novel fused geometric-features. To validate the feasibility of the fused geometric-features, two experiments based on the public UIUC airfoil dataset are conducted. Experiment I is used to extract manifold metrics of airfoils and export the fused geometric-features. Experiment II, based on the Multi-task learning (MTL), is used to fuse the discrepant data (i.e., the fused geometric-features and the flight conditions) to predict the aerodynamic performance of airfoils. The results show that the BFE can generate more smooth and realistic airfoils than Auto-Encoder, and the fused geometric-features extracted by BFE can be used to reduce the prediction errors of C L and C D .
Impact of B2O3 on Physical, Optical Characteristics and Radiation Attenuation Factors of Borotellurite Glasses
Authors: El-Mallawany R. , aboutaleb Weam , Naeem M.A. , Kotb S.M. , Krar M.E. , Talaat S. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Borotellurite glasses with a composition [(60-X)TeO2-(20+X)B2O3-10Li2O-10Bi2O3] where x= 5-20 in steps of 5 mol% have been synthesized. Glass density, molar volume, oxygen packing density, and many other physical parameters were measured. UV-spectra in the wave length range (200-800) nm have been measured for the whole glass series. The optical energy band gap Eopt , refractive index, and optical basicity were measured. The mass absorption coefficients (μm) are determined experimentally by the HPGe detector and compared with the theoretical values obtained by XCOM program and MCNP5 simulation code within (0.121–1.408) MeV photon energy range. Half value layer (HVL), effective atomic number and electron density (Zeff and Neff), and macroscopic removal cross-section (∑R) were evaluated. The sample [55TeO2 – 25B2O3 – 10Bi2O3 – 10Li2O] possess the highest values of (μm = 1.192 ± 0.033 cm2/g, Zeff = 56.12 e/atom and ∑ R = 0.101499 cm-1) at energy 121 keV also lower values of (HVL = 0.121 cm, TVL = 0.1 cm and MFP = 0.174 cm) at photon energy 121 keV, therefore this sample considered the best gamma ray shielding material among the prepared glasses.
Highly spatial-resolved chemical metrology on latent resist images
Authors: Es Maarten van , Tamer Mehmet , Bloem Robbert , Fillinger Laurent , Zeijl Elfi van , Maturová Klára , Donck Jacques van der , Willekers Rob , Maas Diederik 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Patterning photoresist with extreme control over dose and placement is the first crucial step in semiconductor manufacturing. But, how to accurately measure the activation of modern complex resists components at sufficient spatial resolution? No exposed nanometre-scale resist pattern is sufficiently sturdy to unaltered withstand inspection by intense photon or electron beams, not even after processing and development. This paper presents experimental proof that Infra-Red Atomic Force Microscopy (IR-AFM) is sufficiently sensitive and gentle to chemically record the vulnerable-yet-valuable lithographic patterns in a chemically amplified resist after exposure, prior to development. Accordingly, IR-AFM metrology provides the long-sought-for insights in changes in the chemical and spatial distribution per component in a latent resist image, both directly after exposure as well as during processing. With these to-be-gained understandings, a disruptive acceleration of resist design and processing is expected.
Sustainable Manufacturing of Ultra-Fine Aluminium Alloy 6101 Wires Using Controlled High Levels of Mechanical Strain And Finite Element Modeling
Authors: Caruso Serafino , Filice Luigino 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The evolution of grain size and component mechanical behaviour are fundamental aspects to analyse and control when manufacturing processes are considered. In this context, severe plastic deformation (SPD) processes, in which a high shear strain is imposed on the material, are recognized as the main techniques to achieve microstructural changes and material strengthening by the recrystallization, attracting both academic and industrial investigation activities. At the same time, nowadays, sustainable manufacturing design is one of the main responsibilities of the researchers looking at UN2030 agenda and the modern industrial paradigms. In this paper a new severe SPD process is proposed with the aim to steer manufacturing to fourth industrial revolution using some of Industry 4.0 pillars. In particular, additive manufacturing (AM) and numerical simulations were setup as controlling and monitoring techniques in manufacturing process of wires.Strengthening effect (yield and ultimate tensile strength, plasticity and hardness) and microstructural evolution (continuous dynamic recrystallization -CDRX-) due to severe plastic deformation were experimentally analysed and numerically investigated by an innovative finite element (FE) model able to validate the effectiveness of a properly modified process for ultra-fine aluminium alloy AA6101 wires production designed with the aim to avoid any post manufacturing costly thermal treatment.The study provides an accurate experimental study and numerical prediction of the thermo-mechanical and microstructural phenomena that occur during an advanced large plastic deformation process; it shows how the combination of smart manufacturing and simulations control represents the key to renew the traditional manufacturing methods in the perspective of the Industry 4.0, connecting and integrating the manufacturing process for the industrial evolution in production.
Comparing Sugarbaker versus keyhole mesh technique for open retromuscular parastomal hernia repair: study protocol for a registry-based randomized controlled trial
Authors: Miller Benjamin T , Thomas Jonah D , Tu Chao , Costanzo Adele , Beffa Lucas A , Krpata David M , Prabhu Ajita S , Rosen Michael J , Petro Clayton C 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
BackgroundParastomal hernia, common after stoma creation, negatively impacts patient quality of life. For patients with a permanent stoma, durable parastomal hernia repair remains a challenge, with few high-quality studies for guidance. An alternative to open retromuscular parastomal hernia repair with retromuscular “keyhole” mesh is the recent Sugarbaker modification. We aim to compare these two techniques in a head-to-head prospective study.MethodsThis is a registry-based randomized controlled trial designed to investigate whether the retromuscular Sugarbaker technique is superior to the retromuscular keyhole technique for parastomal hernia repair. The primary study endpoint is parastomal hernia recurrence at two years. Secondary endpoints include hospital length-of-stay, readmission, wound morbidity, mesh-related complications, re-operation, all 30-day morbidity, and patient-reported outcomes, including hernia-related quality of life, stoma-specific quality of life, pain, and decision regret.DiscussionBased on the post hoc analysis of a recent randomized controlled trial, we hypothesize that the retromuscular Sugarbaker technique will reduce parastomal hernia recurrence by 20% at 2 years compared to the retromuscular keyhole mesh technique. The results of this study may provide evidence-based guidance for surgeons repairing parastomal hernias.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT03972553. Registered June 3, 2019.
Impact of Climate Change on Three Indicator Galliformes Species in The Northern Highlands of Pakistan
Authors: Zahoor Babar , Liu Xuehua , Songer Melissa 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Global temperatures are predicted to rise from between 1.4 to 5.8°C by 21st century, which could result in a 20 to 30% extinction of species. The negative impacts of climate change on the northern highlands of Pakistan (NHP) could change the species composition. Range shifts and range reduction in the forested landscapes will dramatically affect the distribution of forest dwelling species, including the Galliformes (ground birds). Three Galliformes (e.g., Lophophorus impejanus, Pucrasia macrolopha and Tragopan melanocephalus) are indicator species of the environment and currently distributed in NHP. For this study, we used Maximum Entropy Model (MaxEnt) to simulate the current and future (in 2050 and 2070) distributions of the species using three General Circulation Models (GCMs) and two climate change scenarios, i.e., RCP4.5 (moderate carbon emission scenario) and RCP8.5 (peak carbon emission scenario). Our results indicated that (i) all the three species would be negatively affected by the climate change in 2050 and in 2070. (ii) Under all three climate scenarios, species distribution was predicted to both reduce and shift towards higher altitudes. (iii) Across the provinces in the NHP, the species were predicted to lose over one quarter in 2050 and one-third by 2070 of the current suitable habitat. (iv) The maximum area of climate refugia was projected between the altitudinal range of 2000 m to 4000 m and predicted to shift towards higher altitudes primarily >3000 m in the future. The proposed implications such as establishment and upgradation of the protected areas, ban on hunting, timber mafia and temporary settlements of the local people in the forested landscapes should be under special consideration to mitigate the impact of climate change.
Irrationality of the Angles of Kloosterman Sums over Finite Field
Authors: Borissov Lyubomir , Borissov Yuri 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
We prove that the angles of Kloosterman sums over arbitrary finite field are incommensurable with the constant π. In particular, this implies that the Weil bound for Kloosterman sums over finite fields cannot be reached.
Galvanising and fostering sub-national government leadership for area-wide sanitation programming
Authors: Coultas Mimi , Chanza Mable Mideva , Iyer Ruhil , Karangwa Lambert , Kariuki Jimmy Eric , Kosugi Hodaka , Meeuwissen Talia Timani , Mwende Emmah , Myers Jamie , Son Philip , Ssemwanga David Katwere 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Government leadership at both the national and sub-national levels is an essential step towards ensuring safely managed sanitation services for all. Though the importance of sub-national government leadership for water, sanitation and hygiene is widely acknowledged, to date much of the focus has been on the delivery of water services. This article sets out to start to address this imbalance by focusing on practical ways to galvanise and foster sub-national government leadership for sanitation programming. By focusing on the experiences across three sub-national areas in East Africa where positive changes in the prioritisation of sanitation by local governments have been witnessed, we (a group of researchers, local government representatives and development partner staff) cross-examine and identify lessons learnt. The results presented in this paper and subsequent discussion provide practical recommendations for those wishing to trigger a change in political will at the local level and create the foundation to strengthen sanitation governance and the wider system needed to ensure service delivery for all.
Catechesis and education as a function of building the Church according to Fr. Franciszek Blachnicki (On the centenary of the birth of the great educator)
Authors: Misiaszek Kazimierz 
Published: January 2022

For Fr. Franciszek Blachnicki, the catechesis was in close relationship with the Church. The most appropriate place for the catechesis as the fundamental formation of Christians (adults, youth and children) is in the Church which is both the subject, goal and object of catechesis. Fr. Franciszek Blachnicki drew the concepts of the Church from studies by German-speaking authors, and above all from documents of the Second Vatican Council. For him, the Church was an intermediary of salvation, a universal sacrament of salvation, a mother, a temple of God, and most of all, a union of God's people, a community in Christ, a community of faith, hope and love. The task of catechesis is, in the first place, the introduction and experience of the Church. The nature of catechesis stems from the concept of the Church. Therefore, if the Church is a community, the aim of catechesis is to introduce it to the faithful so that they may not only participate in it, but above all create it. It is also important that catechesis serves the process of Christian initiation, discovering the Church as a place of fulfilling the mystery of life, salvation and healing. Therefore, Fr. Blachnicki put a strong emphasis on the relationship between the liturgy and catechesis, because the most complete process of initiation takes place in the liturgy. Another task of catechesis is its function of awakening and developing faith. For faith is the foundation for the Church and the primary goal for catechesis. It is to be both personalistic and social in nature. Father Blachnicki claimed that cathechesis educated faith was not an individual faith but the faith of the Church. Many Christians, even including those most zealous, live their Christian lives alongside the life of the Church, but not in the Church. In the meantime, every Christian is the Church, because the Church is the whole Christ, the head and members, and we are its members. For that reason, the life of the Church grows in so far as the life of faith of each member grows.
Paradoxical Septal Motion after Uncomplicated Cardiac Surgery: A
Consequence of Altered Regional Right Ventricular Contractile Patterns
Authors: Athanasuleas Constantine , Stanley Alfred , Nanda Navin 
Published: January 2022

Abstract:
Paroxysmal interventricular septal motion (PSM) is the movement of the septum toward
the right ventricle (RV) during cardiac systole. It occurs frequently after uncomplicated cardiac
surgery (CS), including coronary bypass (on-pump and off-pump), valve repair or replacement,
and with all types of incisions (sternotomy or mini-thoracotomy). It sometimes resolves quickly
but may persist for months or become permanent. Global RV systolic function, stroke volume and
ejection fraction remain normal after uncomplicated CS, but regional contractile patterns are altered.
There is a decrease in longitudinal shortening but an increase in transverse shortening in the
endocardial and epicardial right ventricular muscle fibers, respectively. PSM is a secondary event
as there is no loss of septal perfusion or thickening. The increased RV transverse shortening (free
wall to septal fibers) may modify septal movement resulting in PSM that compensates for the reduced
RV longitudinal shortening, thus preserving normal global right ventricular function.
Synthesis, Biological Screening and Docking Study of Some Novel Pyrazolopyrano[
2,3-B]quinolin Derivatives as Potent Antibacterial Agents
Authors: Emtiazi Hamideh , Sharif Ali Salari , Ardestani Mina 
Published: January 2022

Background:
Pyranopyrazoles have a variety of biological activities and can be obtained
by various starting materials and synthetic methods. Also, pyrazolopyrano[2,3-b]quinolins
that contain pyranopyrazole moiety have some biological activities such as anti-acetylcholinesterase
and anti-butyrylcholinesterase activity. In this research, our objective is to prepare
pyranopyrazole compounds and pyrazolopyrano[2,3-b]quinolins in a simple way and then evaluate
their antibacterial effect.

Methods:
In this study, pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazole derivatives have been synthesized by condensing
malononitrile, aromatic aldehydes, and 3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one in the presence of
magnesium perchlorate as a catalyst. Then we prepared pyrazolopyrano[2,3-b]quinolins via subsequent
Friedlander reaction between cyclohexanone and the obtained pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazoles. Also,
the antimicrobial activity of the synthesized pyrazolopyrano[2,3-b]quinolins against Staphylococcus
aureus, Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and
Escherichia coli was measured. Then we studied molecular docking of them to find the predicted
compounds' interactions and binding energy with DNA-gyrase with the AutoDock 4.2 software.

Results:
Pyrazolopyrano[2,3-b]quinolins were synthesized in the optimized conditions. Evaluation
of their antibacterial activities showed that these compounds have moderate to good antibacterial
activities against four bacteria species. Also molecular docking tests of docked compounds showed
a strong bonding interaction with DNA-Gyrase and had been docked into the intercalation place of
DNA of DNA-gyrase complex. The molecule bonded to the DNA stabilized by the H bonds, hydrophobic
interactions, and π-π interaction.

Conclusion:
We have developed an efficient and one-pot ecofriendly protocol for the synthesis of
some novel pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazol derivatives and pyrazolopyrano[2,3-b]quinolins under simple conditions
and then tested them for their antibacterial activities. Also, we studied molecular docking of
them. These compounds showed moderate to good inhibitory action.
New Nonsteroidal Molecules as Blockers of the Steroidogenic Pathway
Authors: Cabeza Marisa , Piermattey Jhoan H. , Ahumedo Maicol , Heuze Yvonne , Soriano Juan 
Published: January 2022

Background:
Testosterone circulating levels decrease in aging. This fact affects the emotional
response to captivating pictures. Therefore, naturally increasing androgens within neurons could be a
way to improve the mood of aged people.

Objective:
This study aimed to determine the biological activity of new nonsteroidal derivatives of 2-
aminonaphthalene-1,4-dione (2-amino-3-iodonaphthalene-1,4-dione and 2-(iodoamino)-3-
methylnaphthalene-1,4-dione) as inhibitors of the aldo-keto reductase 1 enzymes (AKR1C1, AKR1C2).

Method:
The 2-amino-3-iodonaphthalene-1,4-dione and 2-(iodoamino)-3-methylnaphthalene-1,4-
dione were synthesized, and their effect in vivo and in vitro was determined. The human prostate cell
membrane was used as a source of steroidogenic enzymes. The 2-amino-3-iodonaphthalene-1,4-dione
and 2-(iodoamino)-3-methylnaphthalene-1,4-dione bindings to the androgen receptors were also assayed
using cytosol from the rat prostate. In vivo experiments, we determined the effects of 2-amino-3-
iodonaphthalene-1,4-dione, 2-(iodoamino)-3-methylnaphthalene-1,4-dione on the weight of androgendependent
glands of castrated hamsters treated with testosterone and finasteride or 2-amino-3-
iodonaphthalene-1,4-dione or 2-(iodoamino)-3-methylnaphthalene-1,4-dione was determined.

Results:
2-amino-3-iodonaphthalene-1,4-dione and 2-(iodoamino)-3-methylnaphthalene-1,4-dione inhibited
AKR1C1 enzyme activity with an IC50 value of 420 nM (2-amino-3-iodonaphthalene-1,4-dione)
and 1.95 μM (2-(iodoamino)-3-methylnaphthalene-1,4-dione), respectively. They also blocked
AKR1C2 with an IC50 value of 300 nM (2-amino-3-iodonaphthalene-1,4-dione) and 1.52 μM (2-
(iodoamino)-3-methylnaphthalene-1,4-dione). Thus 2-amino-3-iodonaphthalene-1,4-dione and 2-
(iodoamino)-3-methylnaphthalene-1,4-dione prevent the formation of 3α and 3β-androstanediols.
Moreover, these compounds did not bind to AR and did not reduce prostate and seminal vesicle weight.
The latter is because of the accumulation of dihydrotestosterone, which is an anabolic androgen.

Conclusion:
2-amino-3-iodonaphthalene-1,4-dione and 2-(iodoamino)-3-methylnaphthalene-1,4-dione
inhibited AKR1C1 and AKR1C2 enzyme activity; consequently, dihydrotestosterone was accumulated
in androgen-dependent glands. These derivatives could potentially use therapeutics via direct nasal administration
in aged patients, increasing DHT in neurons.
Mixed Depression: A Survey on Psychopathological, Diagnostic, and Therapeutic Approaches among a Sample of Italian Psychiatrists
Authors: Mineo Ludovico , Rodolico Alessandro , Concerto Carmen , Natale Antimo , Pennisi Manuela , Tusconi Massimo , Aguglia Andrea , Amerio Andrea , Serafini Gianluca , Amore Mario , Aguglia Eugenio 
Published: January 2022

Background:
The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders (5th edition) introduced the specifier “with Mixed Features” to the diagnosis of Major Depressive Episode to designate the presence of (hypo) manic symptoms as part of the clinical presentation. This change has led to renewed attention on the operational definition, diagnosis, and treatment of Mixed Depression.

Objective:
To investigate the diagnostic and therapeutic approaches towards Mixed Depression among a representative sample of Italian psychiatrists.

Methods:
Between March and April 2021, 342 psychiatrists working in Italian adult mental health services were invited to participate in an anonymous online survey comprising 32 questions designed to investigate clinical and psychopathological approaches regarding the management of mixed depression in daily psychiatric practice.

Results:
83.74% of participants reported having performed a diagnosis of mixed depression in the last five years, with the majority of respondents affirming that they had not used any diagnostic tool. Only 7,5% of the surveyed psychiatrists considered the DSM-5 criteria to be fully adequate in the description of this clinical entity. The most used pharmacological approach was combined therapy, in particular antipsychotics plus mood stabilizers. For monotherapy, the preferred drugs were Valproate and Quetiapine. Regarding the conceptualization of mood disorders, 199 of the participants chose the Kraepelinian unitary spectrum view; meanwhile, 101 expressed their preference for the binary model.

Conclusion:
Our results suggest a prominent position of mixed depression in the context of mood disorders. Univocal operational criteria and additional research on pharmacological treatment are also needed to ensure the correct recognition and management of mixed depression.