bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metastatic insulinoma presenting after bariatric surgery in a patient diagnosed with MEN1
Authors: Poku Caroline , Amjed Hafsa , Kazi Fatima , Samarasinghe Shanika 
Published: February 2022

AbstractInsulinomas are uncommon neuroendocrine tumors and metastatic disease is extremely rare. We report a patient with metastatic insulinoma associated with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 presenting with hypoglycemia following sleeve gastrectomy. Potential causes of hypoglycemia include dumping syndrome, noninsulinoma pancreatogenous hypoglycemia syndrome, and rarely insulinoma. MEN1‐associated insulinomas have a higher recurrence rate.
Matryoshka procedure for Valve‐in‐Valve TAVI failure
Authors: Lodo Vittoria , De Benedictis Mauro , Scrocca Innocenzo , Zingarelli Edoardo M. , Fadde Marco , Buono Gabriella , Musumeci Giuseppe , Centofanti Paolo 
Published: February 2022

AbstractValve‐in‐valve transcatheter valve implantation (ViV‐TAVI) procedures for deteriorated bioprosthesis are an established therapeutic option for high‐risk patients. The presence of the fixed sewing ring of the bioprosthesis can hamper appropriate expansion of the TAVI. We present a case of a ViViV‐TAVI, as a salvage procedure for acute ViV‐TAVI failure.
Association of CYP2C19 Polymorphism With Proton Pump Inhibitors Effectiveness and With Fractures in Real‐Life: Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Gronich Naomi , lavi Idit , Lejbkowicz Flavio , Pinchev Mila , Rennert Gad 
Published: February 2022

Symptom refractoriness of patients treated with proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) might be explained by polymorphism in CYP2C19. This is a retrospective cohort study in which we used the computerized database of Clalit Health Services to compose a cohort from cancer case‐control studies’ participants that had been genotyped, and that have been dispensed PPI (January 1, 2002 to November 10, 2020). We retrieved demographic and clinical variables on date of PPI initiation (cohort entry), and studies’ questionnaires‐reported consumption of foods/beverages known to increase peptic‐related symptoms. Primary outcome was an abdominal pain diagnosis; secondary outcome was a composite of abdominal pain, visit to a gastroenterology clinic, change to another PPI, PPI dose increase, or metoclopramide prescription, reflecting symptoms persistence/recurrence; in a 2‐year follow‐up. We also evaluated the association between genetic groups and hip/wrist/spine fractures, in a long‐term follow‐up. Of 3,326 PPI initiators, there were 66 (2.0%), 739 (22.2%), 1394 (41.9%), 947 (28.5%), and 180 (5.4%) CYP2C19 poor, intermediate, normal, rapid, and ultra‐rapid metabolizers, respectively. Being a poor metabolizer was associated with lower risk for the primary outcome, hazard ratio (HR) = 0.50 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.27–0.91), HR = 0.52 (95% CI 0.28–0.94); and for the secondary outcome, HR = 0.57 (95% CI 0.38–0.86), HR = 0.58 (95% CI 0.39–0.87), in univariate and multivariable cox regression analyses, respectively. In long‐term follow‐up with 20,142 person‐years of follow‐up: 7.6% (5 cases) within the poor metabolizers group, and 11.6%, 12.9%, 12.8%, and 11.1% in the normal, intermediate, rapid, and ultra‐rapid metabolizers groups, respectively, had a new fracture (nonsignificant). We conclude that CYP2C19 poor metabolizer status is associated with higher effectiveness of PPIs, and is not associated with higher risk for fractures.
Racial/ethnic disparities in hepatocellular carcinoma incidence and mortality rates in the United States, 1992–2018
Authors: Alvarez Christian S. , Petrick Jessica L. , Parisi Dominick , McMahon Brian J. , Graubard Barry I. , McGlynn Katherine A. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Background and Aims
HCC is characterized by racial/ethnic disparities in rates. Recent USA reports suggest that incidence has begun to decline, but it is not clear whether the declines have occurred among all groups, nor whether mortality has declined. Thus, the current study examined USA incidence and mortality between 1992 and 2018.

Approach & Results
HCC incidence and incidence‐based mortality data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program were used to calculate age‐standardized rates by race/ethnicity, sex, and age. Trends were analyzed using joinpoint regression to estimate annual percent change (APC). Age‐period‐cohort models assessed the effects on trends of age, calendar period, and birth cohort. Overall, HCC incidence significantly declined between 2015 and 2018 (APC, −5.6%). Whereas most groups experienced incidence declines, the trends were most evident among Asians/Pacific Islanders, women, and persons <50 years old. Exceptions were the rates among non‐Hispanic Black persons, which did not significantly decline (APC, −0.7), and among American Indians/Alaska Natives, which significantly increased (APC, +4.3%). Age‐period‐cohort modeling found that birth cohort had a greater effect on rates than calendar period. Among the baby boom cohorts, the 1950–1954 cohort had the highest rates. Similar to the overall incidence decline, HCC mortality rates declined between 2013 and 2018 (APC, −2.2%).

Conclusions
HCC incidence and mortality rates began to decline for most groups in 2015, but persistent differences in rates continued to exist. Rates among non‐Hispanic Black persons did not decline significantly, and rates among American Indians/Alaska Natives significantly increased, suggesting that greater effort is needed to reduce the HCC burden among these vulnerable groups.
Core implementation strategies for improving cirrhosis care in the Veterans Health Administration
Authors: Yakovchenko Vera , Morgan Timothy R. , Miech Edward J. , Neely Brittney , Lamorte Carolyn , Gibson Sandra , Beste Lauren A. , McCurdy Heather , Scott Dawn , Gonzalez Rachel I. , Park Angela M. , Powell Byron J. , Bajaj Jasmohan S. , Dominitz Jason A. , Chartier Maggie , Ross David B. , Chinman Matthew J. , Rogal Shari S. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Background and Aims
The Veterans Health Administration (VHA) provides care for more than 80,000 veterans with cirrhosis. This longitudinal, multimethod evaluation of a cirrhosis care quality improvement program aimed to (1) identify implementation strategies associated with evidence‐based, guideline‐concordant cirrhosis care over time, and (2) use qualitative interviews to operationalize strategies for a manualized intervention.

Approach and Results
VHA providers were surveyed annually about the use of 73 implementation strategies to improve cirrhosis care in fiscal years 2018 (FY18) and 2019 (FY19). Implementation strategies linked to guideline‐concordant cirrhosis care were identified using bivariate statistics and comparative configurational methods. Semistructured interviews were conducted with 12 facilities in the highest quartile of cirrhosis care to specify the successful implementation strategies and their mechanisms of change. A total of 106 VHA facilities (82%) responded at least once over the 2‐year period (FY18, n = 63; FY19, n = 100). Facilities reported using a median of 12 (interquartile range [IQR] 20) implementation strategies in FY18 and 10 (IQR 19) in FY19. Of the 73 strategies, 35 (48%) were positively correlated with provision of evidence‐based cirrhosis care. Configurational analysis identified multiple strategy pathways directly linked to more guideline‐concordant cirrhosis care. Across both methods, a subset of eight strategies was determined to be core to cirrhosis care improvement and specified using qualitative interviews.

Conclusions
In a national cirrhosis care improvement initiative, a multimethod approach identified a core subset of successful implementation strategy combinations. This process of empirically identifying and specifying implementation strategies may be applicable to other implementation challenges in hepatology.
Adaptation and validation of the Digital Health Literacy Instrument for Portuguese university students
Authors: Martins Silvana , Augusto Cláudia , Martins Maria R. O. , José Silva Maria , Okan Orkan , Dadaczynski Kevin , Duarte Ana , Fronteira Inês , Ramos Neida , Rosário Rafaela 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundHealth literacy is an important skill to deal with information and positively influences individual and community health. Information concerning health is available from a plethora of online resources. The concept of digital health literacy has gained prominence with the pandemic. The absence of valid tools to analyse digital literacy levels are scant. This study aims to translate, adapt and validate the Portuguese version of the Digital Health Literacy Instrument (DHLI) as used in the global COVID‐HL Network.MethodsParticipants were mostly students from social sciences, psychology, education and health sciences. The Portuguese version of the DHLI contained five dimensions each consisting of three items. An online survey with university students (n = 1815, 75.1% female, average age: 24.15 years) was administered to test the validity of the Portuguese version of the DHLI. Data were analysed using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. Pearson correlations were also studied.ResultsTwo items revealed symmetry and kurtosis problems. We chose to eliminate them from the analysis. Different exploratory factor analysis attempts were made, obtaining two possible models to be tested in the confirmatory factor analysis: a three‐factor model and a four‐factor model. A four‐factor structure of the instrument (information searching, adding self‐generated content, evaluating reliability, determining relevance) was supported by confirmatory factor analysis and had good internal consistency.ConclusionsThe Portuguese version of the Digital Health Literacy Instrument met adequate psychometric criteria. Therefore, it can be confidently used in Portuguese students' assessment of digital health literacy. Representative studies are needed to shed light on different target groups and their COVID‐19–related DHLI.
Therapeutic strategy analysis of patients with advanced stage high‐grade neuroendocrine cervical cancer: A real‐world multicenter study
Authors: Zhang Yuanyuan , Huang Yi , Luo Suiyu , Li Lin , Yang Hongying , Wang Ziyi , Peng Yongmei , Huang Manni , An Jusheng , Yang Xi , Wang Jing , Li Chunmei , Wu Lingying 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo explore the management of high‐grade neuroendocrine cervical cancer (HGNECC) since there has been no standard treatment for it.MethodsData on the management of HGNECC were retrospectively analyzed. Patients with FIGO stage IIB to IVB HGNECC from six hospitals were enrolled. The Kaplan–Meier method was used for survival analysis. Prognostic factors were determined using a Cox proportional‐hazards regression model.ResultsA total of 43 patients were included in the study. The multivariate analysis showed that chemotherapy was the preferred treatment as it improved progression‐free survival (PFS; P = 0.008) and overall survival (OS; P = 0.005). Distance metastasis was a significant negative prognostic factor for OS (P = 0.002), while radical surgery was a significant positive prognostic factor for PFS (P = 0.05). Compared with those who had received cisplatin and etoposide (≥5 cycles), patients who had received paclitaxel plus platinum‐based chemotherapy showed better PFS and OS. Five patients (two at stage IIB and three at stage IV) showed relatively long‐term survival. Of these patients, four had undergone radical surgery including tumor‐debulking, while three also received adjuvant chemotherapy.ConclusionPaclitaxel plus cisplatin or paclitaxel plus carboplatin may be more effective than etoposide plus cisplatin. Radical surgery followed by chemotherapy may be a favorable alternative intervention for selected patients with advanced stage cancer.
Direct inactivation of SARS‐CoV‐2 by low level blue photobiomodulation LED at 470, 454 and 450 nm
Authors: Zupin Luisa , Gratton Rossella , Milani Margherita , Clemente Libera , Fontana Francesco , Ruscio Maurizio , Crovella Sergio 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBlue light has been already reported as able to counteract different types of microorganisms including Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative bacteria, fungi and viruses, especially the enveloped ones. It has been reported that both blue and visible light can efficiently impact SARS‐CoV‐2 by affecting its ability to replicate in in vitro cellular models of infection. In this study, blue light at 450, 454 and 470 nm was tested on SARS‐CoV‐2 to evaluate the residual viral infectious potential on Vero E6, Caco‐2 and Calu‐3 cells, after the irradiation of viral particles. Following 12' of irradiation at 40 mW/cm2, a drastic block of viral amplification was observed. Indeed, at 7 days post‐irradiation/infection the viral load was the same as the one measured 1 day post‐irradiation/infection, and cellular viability was maintained showing similar levels to the noninfected control cells. Taken together our results indicate that blue LED lamps can be considered as a cheap and convenient tool for SARS‐CoV‐2 disinfection.
Differentiation of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Into Chondrocytes: Methods and Applications for Disease Modeling and Drug Discovery
Authors: De Kinderen Pauline , Meester Josephina , Loeys Bart , Peeters Silke , Gouze Elvire , Woods Steven , Mortier Geert , Verstraeten Aline 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACTInduced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology allows pathomechanistic and therapeutic investigation of human heritable disorders affecting tissue types whose collection from patients is difficult or even impossible. Among them are cartilage diseases. Over the past decade, iPSC-chondrocyte disease models have been shown to exhibit several key aspects of known disease mechanisms. Concurrently, an increasing number of protocols to differentiate iPSCs into chondrocytes have been published, each with its respective (dis)advantages. In this review we provide a comprehensive overview of the different differentiation approaches, the hitherto described iPSC-chondrocyte disease models and mechanistic and/or therapeutic insights that have been derived from their investigation, and the current model limitations. Key lessons are that the most appropriate differentiation approach is dependent upon the cartilage disease under investigation and that further optimization is still required to recapitulate the in vivo cartilage. © 2022 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
One‐step synthesis of novel N1‐substituted benzimidazole derivatives: Experimental and theoretical investigations
Authors: Al Garadi Wedad , Sert Yusuf , El Hafi Mohamed , El Ibrahimi Brahim , Ramli Youssef , Mague Joel T. , El Ghayati Lhoussaine , Sebbar Nada Kheira , Essassi El Mokhtar 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn this work, we describe a simple and efficient route for the synthesis of novel N1‐substituted benzimidazole derivatives (8–14) by a rearrangement reaction of N1‐alkyl‐1,5‐benzodiazepine‐2‐thiones (1–7) in the presence of hydroxylamine hydrochloride in boiling ethanol. Good to excellent yields were achieved for a wide range of alkyl partners with both short‐chain and long‐chain substituents. The title products were identified using 1H and 13C‐NMR spectroscopic measurements and confirmed by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction techniques for 8–10. In addition, we performed theoretical studies of 8–10 using Hirshfeld surface analysis, molecular docking studies and, along with experimental data. The predicted spectral data were obtained using density functional theory (DFT) at the B3LYP/6‐311++G(d,p) level of theory. Also, according to Monte Carlo simulations, the inhibition trend is 10 > 8 > 9 toward all metals in an acidic environment. Good inhibition performance is predicted for iron as compared to copper and aluminum metals.
Time‐resolved MRI for off‐line treatment robustness evaluation in carbon‐ion radiotherapy of pancreatic cancer
Authors: Meschini Giorgia , Vai Alessandro , Barcellini Amelia , Fontana Giulia , Molinelli Silvia , Mastella Edoardo , Pella Andrea , Vitolo Viviana , Imparato Sara , Orlandi Ester , Ciocca Mario , Baroni Guido , Paganelli Chiara 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPurposeIn this study, we investigate the use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for the clinical evaluation of gating treatment robustness in carbon‐ion radiotherapy (CIRT) of pancreatic cancer. Indeed, MRI allows radiation‐free repeated scans and fast dynamic sequences for time‐resolved (TR) imaging (cine‐MRI), providing information on inter‐ and intra‐fraction cycle‐to‐cycle variations of respiratory motion. MRI can therefore support treatment planning and verification, overcoming the limitations of the current clinical standard, that is, four‐dimensional computed tomography (4DCT), which describes an “average” breathing cycle neglecting breathing motion variability.MethodsWe integrated a technique to generate a virtual CT (vCT) from 3D MRI with a method for 3D reconstruction from 2D cine‐MRI, to produce TR vCTs for dose recalculations. For eight patients, the method allowed evaluating inter‐fraction variations at end‐exhale and intra‐fraction cycle‐to‐cycle variability within the gating window in terms of tumor displacement and dose to the target and organs at risk.ResultsThe median inter‐fraction tumor motion was in the range 3.33–12.16 mm, but the target coverage was robust (‐0.4% median D95% variation). Concerning cycle‐to‐cycle variations, the gating technique was effective in limiting tumor displacement (1.35 mm median gating motion) and corresponding dose variations (‐3.9% median D95% variation). The larger exposure of organs at risk (duodenum and stomach) was caused by inter‐fraction motion, whereas intra‐fraction cycle‐to‐cycle dose variations were limited.ConclusionsThis study proposed a method for the generation of TR vCTs from MRI, which enabled an off‐line evaluation of gating treatment robustness and suggested its feasibility to support treatment planning of pancreatic tumors in CIRT.
Fatigue and activity management education for individuals with systemic sclerosis: Adaptation and feasibility study of an intervention for a rare disease
Authors: Carandang Kristine , Poole Janet , Connolly Deirdre 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPurposeFatigue is an overlooked symptom for musculoskeletal diseases, including rare conditions like systemic sclerosis (SSc). The purpose of this study were the following: (1) to adapt the content and delivery method of an existing fatigue intervention, and (2) to determine the feasibility of Fatigue and Activity Management Education in Systemic Sclerosis (FAME‐iSS).MethodsIn Phase 1 adaptations were recorded using the Framework for Modification and Adaptations. In Phase 2, participants completed the 6‐week FAME‐iSS intervention and baseline, post‐intervention, and 3‐month follow‐up assessments measuring fatigue levels, fatigue impact, mental health, self‐efficacy, and use of energy conservation strategies. Qualitative data included a post‐intervention focus group and 3‐month follow‐up interviews.ResultsThree main changes were made to the original intervention: (1) the content was adapted from management of Lupus‐related fatigue to management of SSc‐related fatigue, (2) context for delivery from Ireland to United States, and (3) in‐person to online format. Participants (n = 4) were 51.8 ± 12.1 years old, had been diagnosed with SSc for 12.0 ± 8.0 years, were receiving disability support, and had college degrees. All participants had 100% attendance and completed all study activities. Participants had positive comments about the programme format, content, and implementation. Post‐intervention, improvements were observed in most measures. Moderate effect sizes were noted in fatigue and self‐efficacy scores.ConclusionParticipants' positive responses supported the need for FAME‐iSS for people with SSc. Even with the small sample, FAME‐iSS led to improvements in fatigue and use of energy conservation strategies. The online format allowed for participation and sharing of ideas, especially during the global pandemic.
Beyond lipids: Novel mechanisms for parenteral nutrition–associated liver disease
Authors: Wichman Brittany E. , Nilson Jamie , Govindan Srinivas , Chen Alan , Jain Aditya , Arun Varsha , Derdoy Juana , Krebs Joseph , Jain Ajay K. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractParenteral nutrition (PN) is a therapy that delivers essential nutrients intravenously to patients who are unable to meet their nutrition requirements via standard enteral feeding. This methodology is often referred to as PN when accompanied by minimal or no enteral nutrition (EN). Although PN is lifesaving, significant complications can arise, such as intestinal failure–associated liver disease and gut‐mucosal atrophy. The exact mechanism of injury remains ill defined. This review was designed to explore the available literature related to the drivers of injury mechanisms. The Farnesoid X receptor and fibroblast growth factor 19 signaling pathway seems to play an important role in gut‐systemic signaling, and its alteration during PN provides insights into mechanistic links. Central line infections also play a key role in mediating PN‐associated injury. Although lipid reduction strategies, as well as the use of multicomponent lipid emulsions and vitamin E, have shown promise, the cornerstone of preventing injury is the early establishment of EN.
Ability of malnutrition screening and assessment tools to identify computed tomography defined low muscle mass in colorectal cancer surgery
Authors: Djordjevic Aleksandra , Deftereos Irene , Carter Vanessa M. , Morris Stephanie , Shannon Roland , Kiss Nicole , Yeung Justin M. C. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundMalnutrition and low muscle mass are independently associated with poor outcomes in colorectal cancer (CRC). However, tools to identify low muscle mass are limited in the clinical setting. We investigated the ability of existing malnutrition screening and assessment tools to identify low muscle mass assessed by computed tomography (CT). Secondary aims were to determine the feasibility of CT analysis and handgrip strength (HGS).Methods and AnalysisAn exploratory study of patients who underwent curative surgery for CRC between February and September 2019. Nutrition tools used included body mass index (BMI), Malnutrition Screening Tool (MST), and Patient‐Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG‐SGA). Muscle mass was determined by preoperative CT image at the third lumbar vertebral level (L3), and muscle strength was determined by HGS dynamometry. Fisher's exact and Mann‐Whitney U tests were used to compare results of nutrition tools with CT muscle assessment.ResultsIn total, 57 patients were included. MST classified 18 patients (32%) as at risk of malnutrition, and PG‐SGA classified 10 patients (17%) as malnourished. Fifty‐one (90%) CT scans were analysable and 21 (47%) had low muscle mass. Of those with low muscle mass, PG‐SGA classified 22 patients (92%) as well nourished and MST classified 17 patients (71%) as not being at nutrition risk. No tool was able to identify CT‐diagnosed low muscle mass. Inability to complete HGS was associated with malnutrition (P = .001).ConclusionIn this cohort, nutrition screening and assessment tools did not identify CT‐diagnosed low muscle mass. Feasible tools to identify low muscle mass in the clinical setting are required.