bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Lactate Administration on Mitochondrial Respiratory Function in Mouse Skeletal Muscle
Authors: Takahashi Kenya , Tamura Yuki , Kitaoka Yu , Matsunaga Yutaka , Hatta Hideo 
Published: June 2022

Recent evidence has shown that mitochondrial respiratory function contributes to exercise performance and metabolic health. Given that lactate is considered a potential signaling molecule that induces mitochondrial adaptations, we tested the hypothesis that lactate would change mitochondrial respiratory function in skeletal muscle. Male ICR mice (8 weeks old) received intraperitoneal injection of PBS or sodium lactate (1 g/kg BW) 5 days a week for 4 weeks. Mitochondria were isolated from freshly excised gastrocnemius muscle using differential centrifugation and were used for all analyses. Lactate administration significantly enhanced pyruvate + malate- and glutamate + malate-induced (complex I-driven) state 3 (maximal/ATP synthesis-coupled) respiration, but not state 2 (basal/proton conductance) respiration. In contrast, lactate administration significantly decreased succinate + rotenone-induced (complex II-driven) state 3 and 2 respiration. No significant differences were observed in malate + octanoyl-l-carnitine-induced state 3 or 2 respiration. The enzymatic activity of complex I was tended to increase and those of complexes I + III and IV were significantly increased after lactate administration. No differences were observed in the activities of complexes II or II + III. Moreover, lactate administration increased the protein content of NDUFS4, a subunit of complex I, but not those of the other components. The present findings suggest that lactate alters mitochondrial respiratory function in skeletal muscle.
COVID-19–Related Trajectories of Psychological Health of Acute Care Healthcare Professionals: A 12-Month Longitudinal Observational Study
Authors: Abegglen Sandra , Greif Robert , Fuchs Alexander , Berger-Estilita Joana 
Published: June 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic hit healthcare professionals (HCPs) hard, potentially leading to mental health deterioration. This longitudinal study investigated the 1-year evolution of psychological health of acute care HCPs during the COVID-19 pandemic and explored possible differences between high and low resilient HCPs. From April 2020 to April 2021, a convenience sample of 520 multinational HCPs completed an online survey every 3 months, up to five times. We used mixed linear models to examine the association between resilience and the variation of COVID-19-related anxiety, depressiveness, perceived vulnerability, and psychological trauma symptomatology. We demonstrated “u-shaped” trajectories for all mental health symptoms. We also explored differences in the abovementioned variables between front-line and second-line acute care HCPs. In contrast to HCP.s with lower levels of resilience (-1SD), those with higher levels of resilience (+1SD) showed increased COVID-19 anxiety and perceived vulnerability over time. Front-line and second-line HCPs differed in their depressiveness and psychological trauma variation during the 1-year analysis. High and average resilient second-line HCPs showed steeper depressiveness increases with time than high and average resilient front-line HCPs. Acute care HCPs reported their most elevated clinical symptoms of depressiveness (5–7%) and psychological trauma symptomatology (26–46%) in April 2020. During the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic, second-line HCPs with more resilience showed a steeper worsening of their depressiveness than more resilient front-line HCPs. HCPs with low resilience may benefit from interventions at the beginning of a pandemic, whereas HCPs with high resilience might benefit from resilience-enhancing interventions at later phases.Trial RegistrationThe study protocol was pre-registered with the International Standard Randomised Controlled Trial Number (ISRCTN13694948) published (Fuchs et al., 2020).
Improved Regional Homogeneity in Chronic Insomnia Disorder After Amygdala-Based Real-Time fMRI Neurofeedback Training
Authors: Li Zhonglin , Liu Jiao , Chen Bairu , Wu Xiaoling , Zou Zhi , Gao Hui , Wang Caiyun , Zhou Jing , Qi Fei , Zhang Miao , He Junya , Qi Xin , Yan Fengshan , Dou Shewei , Tong Li , Zhang Hongju , Han Xingmin , Li Yongli 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundChronic insomnia disorder (CID) is a highly prevalent sleep disorder, which influences people's daily life and is even life threatening. However, whether the resting-state regional homogeneity (ReHo) of disrupted brain regions in CID can be reshaped to normal after treatment remains unclear.MethodsA novel intervention real-time functional magnetic resonance imaging neurofeedback (rtfMRI-NF) was used to train 28 CID patients to regulate the activity of the left amygdala for three sessions in 6 weeks. The ReHo methodology was adopted to explore its role on resting-state fMRI data, which were collected before and after training. Moreover, the relationships between changes of clinical variables and ReHo value of altered regions were determined.ResultsResults showed that the bilateral dorsal medial pre-frontal cortex, supplementary motor area (SMA), and left dorsal lateral pre-frontal cortex had decreased ReHo values, whereas the bilateral cerebellum anterior lobe (CAL) had increased ReHo values after training. Some clinical scores markedly decreased, including Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Insomnia Severity Index, Beck Depression Inventory, and Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA). Additionally, the ReHo values of the left CAL were positively correlated with the change in the Hamilton depression scale score, and a remarkable positive correlation was found between the ReHo values of the right SMA and the HAMA score.ConclusionOur study provided an objective evidence that amygdala-based rtfMRI-NF training could reshape abnormal ReHo and improve sleep in patients with CID. The improved ReHo in CID provides insights into the neurobiological mechanism for the effectiveness of this intervention. However, larger double-blinded sham-controlled trials are needed to confirm our results from this initial study.
Differences in Influencing Factors Between Non-suicidal Self-Injury and Suicide Attempts in Chinese Adolescents: The Role of Gender
Authors: Xu Huiqiong , Jiang Zhicheng , Li Shuqin , Zhang Xinyu , Xu Shaojun , Wan Yuhui , Tao Fangbiao 
Published: June 2022

IntroductionNon-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) and suicide attempts (SA) are common in adolescents and are important risk factors for suicide deaths. They are related to various psychosocial, behavioral, and biological factors. We aimed to compare the differences on psychological behavior problem and family environment characteristics between NSSI and SA, and the role of gender.MethodsA multi-center population-based survey was conducted in 29 schools across 4 provinces in China. A total of 14,500 urban and rural adolescents in grades 7–12 completed a structured questionnaire to report their sociodemographic information, psychological and behavioral characteristics, childhood maltreatment, parent-child relationships, NSSI, and SA. Post-hoc tests, pairwise comparisons, and multinomial logistic regression analyses were conducted to explore the differences and similarities between subjects who had engaged in NSSI and SA.ResultsThe prevalence of NSSI and SA were 27.3 and 4.9%, respectively, and the co-occurrence of these two behaviors (NSSI + SA) was reported to 2.8%. The NSSI + SA group scored the highest on all study variables, followed by the SA-only group, the NSSI-only group, and the non-self-harm group (p &lt; 0.001). Compared with the non-self-harm group, adolescents who reported either NSSI or SA scored significantly higher on all study variables (p&lt; 0.0083). The comparison between other self-harm groups, this difference have varied in all research variables.ConclusionThe current study indicate that psychological, behavioral, and family relationships profiles of Chinese adolescents with SA and NSSI are similar, but the measured problematic characteristics were more severe in suicide attempters. In the future, it's necessary to pay more attention to adolescents with more serious psychological and behavioral problems to prevent and early intervene in their self-harm, and actively explore gender differences.
Evaluating the Risk of Suicide and Violence in Severe Mental Illness: A Feasibility Study of Two Risk Assessment Tools (OxMIS and OxMIV) in General Psychiatric Settings
Authors: Beaudry Gabrielle , Canal-Rivero Manuel , Ou Jianjun , Matharu Jaskiran , Fazel Seena , Yu Rongqin 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundTwo OxRisk risk assessment tools, the Oxford Mental Illness and Suicide (OxMIS) and the Oxford Mental Illness and Violence (OxMIV), were developed and validated using national linked registries in Sweden, to assess suicide and violence risk in individuals with severe mental illness (schizophrenia-spectrum disorders and bipolar disorders). In this study, we aim to examine the feasibility and acceptability of the tools in three different clinical services.MethodWe employed a two-step mixed-methods approach, by combining quantitative analyses of risk scores of 147 individual patients, and thematic analyses of qualitative data. First, 38 clinicians were asked to use OxMIS and OxMIV when conducting their routine risk assessments in patients with severe mental illness. The risk scores for each patient (which provide a probability of the outcome over 12 months) were then compared to the unstructured clinical risk assessment made by the treating clinician. Second, we carried out semi-structured interviews with the clinicians on the acceptability and utility of the tools. Thematic analysis was conducted on the qualitative data to identify common themes, in terms of the utility, accuracy, and acceptability of the tools. The investigations were undertaken in three general adult psychiatric clinics located in the cities of Barcelona and Sevilla (Spain), and Changsha (China).ResultsMedian risk probabilities over 12 months for OxMIS were 1.0% in the Spanish patient sample and 1.9% in the Chinese sample. For OxMIV, they were 0.7% (Spanish) and 0.8% (Chinese). In the thematic analysis, clinicians described the tools as easy to use, and thought that the risk score improved risk management. Potential additions to predictors were suggested, including family history and the patient's support network. Concordance rates of risk estimates between the tools and clinicians was high for violence (94.4%; 68/72) and moderate for suicide (50.0%; 36/72).ConclusionBoth OxMIS and OxMIV are feasible and practical in different general adult psychiatric settings. Clinicians interviewed found that both tools provide a useful structured approach to estimate the risk of suicide and violence. Risk scores from OxMIS and OxMIV can also be used to assist clinical decision-making for future management.
Catatonia and Cognitive Impairments: A Systematic Review
Authors: Serrat Francesc , Iglesias-Gónzalez Maria , Sanagustin David , Etxandi Mikel , de Pablo Joan , Cuevas-Esteban Jorge 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundCatatonia is an underdiagnosed and undertreated neuropsychiatric syndrome characterized by catalepsy, negativism, mutism, muscular rigidity, and mannerism, often accompanied by autonomic instability and fever. Although there is growing interest in studying cognitive impairments before and after catatonia, little is known about the cognitive features of the syndrome.MethodsThis systematic review was registered at PROSPERO (CRD42022299091). Using a Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) approach, we searched PubMed, ScienceDirect, and PsycArticles using a combination of the terms “Catatonia” and “Cognitive impairment” and “Executive function” and “Frontal lobe” and “Parietal lobe.” Studies included original research articles enrolling patients with catatonic syndrome according to specified criteria. Fourteen studies were deemed relevant for inclusion. The abstraction form included age, assessment during acute episode, associated diagnosis, assessment procedure, and cognitive domains. Outcome measures were extracted.ResultsExecutive functions and visuospatial abilities proved to be the most investigated domains. A great heterogeneity has been observed in the assessment tools used among the 14 evaluated studies. Findings showed that catatonic patients had worse performance than healthy and non-catatonic psychiatric patients in frontal and parietal cortical functions.ConclusionBecause of the small number of studies in such heterogeneous areas and significant methodological limitations, the results should be regarded with caution. Future research assessing cognitive impairments on catatonic patients is needed.Systematic Review Registration[https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=299091], identifier [CRD42022299091].
Oral Morphine as an Alternative Substitution Treatment for Opioid Use Disorder, a Rare but Non-risk-free Use
Authors: Bertin Célian , Bezin Julien , Chenaf Chouki , Delorme Jessica , Kerckhove Nicolas , Pariente Antoine , Tournier Marie , Authier Nicolas 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundNational health monitoring agencies have reported the alternative use of morphine sulfate painkiller for maintenance treatment of opioid use disorder (OUD), associated with a potential increase in overdose risk.ObjectivesThis study sought to assess the prevalence of regular and occasional legally prescribed morphine use in patients treated for OUD and compare their characteristics to those of patients receiving conventional opioid maintenance treatment (OMT), buprenorphine or methadone. Then, we assessed the factors associated with opioid overdose risk.MethodsData were extracted from the French national healthcare system database, covering the entire population in 2015. Diagnosis associated with hospital discharge and long-term disease codes were extracted to select the population and identify outcomes and covariates. OUD non-chronic pain patients were divided into regular (≤35 days between dispensing and ≥3 months of continuous treatment duration) morphine users, and occasional users. Their sociodemographic and health characteristics were compared to OMT controls. A multivariate logistic regression model was performed to determine factors associated with opioid overdose.ResultsIn patients treated for OUD, 2,237 (2.2%) morphine users (1,288 regular and 949 occasional), 64,578 (63.7%) buprenorphine and 34,638 (34.1%) methadone controls were included. The prevalence of regular morphine use among patients treated for OUD regularly receiving an opioid was 1.3%. Compared to users who receive morphine regularly, occasional users had an increased risk of overdose [OR = 2.2 (1.5–3.3)], while the risk was reduced in the buprenorphine group [OR = 0.5 (0.4–0.7)] and not significantly different for methadone [OR = 1.0 (0.7–1.4)]. Other overdose risk factors were low-income, comorbidity, i.e., psychiatric conditions, alcohol use disorder or complications related to intravenous drug use, and coprescription with benzodiazepines or pregabalin. These factors were more frequent in morphine groups.ConclusionsPatients that were prescribed oral morphine represented a small minority of the treated for OUD. The poorer health condition affected by numerous comorbidities and higher risk of opioid overdose in patients treated with oral morphine compared with OMT controls points toward the need to better supervise the practices of these patients, to strengthen multidisciplinary care and risk reduction measures.
Patient Acceptance and Intention to Use e-Consultations During the COVID-19 Pandemic in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Althumairi Arwa , Hariri Beyan , Aljabri Duaa , Aljaffary Afnan 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundOver the last decade, the use of digital technology has increased immeasurably and transformed both our personal and professional lives. The medical profession quickly embraced this development, especially after the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic. Medical consultations were transitioned to online settings as a substitute for face-to-face consultations. This exponential acceleration of the use of remote online consultations (e-consultations) was deemed necessary to respond to the impact of the global pandemic. This study identifies the factors that influence actual patient use and the intention to use e-consultations in Saudi Arabia.MethodsA cross-sectional survey was distributed online via social media platforms targeting the population living in Saudi Arabia from August to December 2020. The questionnaire measured patient perceptions of and attitudes toward utilizing e-consultations using a validated questionnaire informed by the technology acceptance model (TAM). Analyses were performed in SPSS to identify the external factors that influence patients' actual use of e-consultations and to assess the TAM factors (usefulness, social influence, and ease of use) that influence the intention to use e-consultations across both actual users and never-users.ResultsA total of 150 participants completed the questionnaire; the average age was 38 years old, 85% of the participants were females, and 67% reported never using e-consultations. Additionally, motivation, trust, attitude, and social influence were significantly related to participants' intention to use e-consultations.ConclusionParticipants' trust in and perception of the usefulness of e-consultations were significant factors in their intention to use e-consultation services. Policymakers' attention to those factors could play a role in increasing public acceptance and the use of e-consultations to improve distance medical care.
Clinical Characteristics, Prognostic Factor and a Novel Dynamic Prediction Model for Overall Survival of Elderly Patients With Chondrosarcoma: A Population-Based Study
Authors: Tong Yuexin , Cui Yuekai , Jiang Liming , Pi Yangwei , Gong Yan , Zhao Dongxu 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundChondrosarcoma is the most common primary bone sarcoma among elderly population. This study aims to explore independent prognostic factors and develop prediction model in elderly patients with CHS.MethodsThis study retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of elderly patients diagnosed as CHS between 2004 and 2018 from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. We randomly divided enrolled patients into training and validation group, univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were used to determine independent prognostic factors. Based on the identified variables, the nomogram was developed and verified to predict the 12-, 24-, and 36-month overall survival (OS) of elderly patients with CHS. A k-fold cross-validation method (k=10) was performed to validate the newly proposed model. The discrimination, calibration and clinical utility of the nomogram were assessed using the Harrells concordance index (C-index), receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and the area under the curve (AUC), calibration curve, decision curve analysis (DCA), the integrated discrimination improvement (IDI) and net reclassification index (NRI). Furthermore, a web-based survival calculator was developed based on the nomogram.ResultsThe study finally included 595 elderly patients with CHS and randomized them into the training group (419 cases) and validation group (176 cases) at a ratio of 7:3. Age, sex, grade, histology, M stage, surgery and tumor size were identified as independent prognostic factors of this population. The novel nomogram displayed excellent predictive performance, which can be accessible by https://nomoresearch.shinyapps.io/elderlywithCHS/, with a C-index of 0.800 for the training group and 0.789 for the validation group. The value AUC values at 12-, 24-, and 36-month of 0.866, 0.855, and 0.860 in the training group and of 0.839, 0.856, and 0.840 in the validation group, respectively. The calibration curves exhibited good concordance from the predicted survival probabilities to actual observation. The ROC curves, IDI, NRI, and DCA showed the nomogram was superior to the existing AJCC staging system.ConclusionThis study developed a novel web-based nomogram for accurately predicting probabilities of OS in elderly patients with CHS, which will contribute to personalized survival assessment and clinical management for elderly patients with CHS.
Case Report: Training Monitoring and Performance Development of a Triathlete With Spinal Cord Injury and Chronic Myeloid Leukemia During a Paralympic Cycle
Authors: Quittmann Oliver J. , Lenatz Benjamin , Bartsch Patrick , Lenatz Frauke , Foitschik Tina , Abel Thomas 
Published: June 2022

IntroductionParatriathlon allows competition for athletes with various physical impairments. The wheelchair category stands out from other paratriathlon categories, since competing in swimming, handcycling, and wheelchair racing entails substantial demands on the upper extremity. Therefore, knowledge about exercise testing and training is needed to improve performance and avoid overuse injuries. We described the training monitoring and performance development throughout a Paralympic cycle of an elite triathlete with spinal cord injury (SCI) and a recent diagnosis of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML).Case Presentation/MethodsA 30-year-old wheelchair athlete with 10-years experience in wheelchair basketball contacted us for guidance regarding testing and training in paratriathlon. Laboratory and field tests were modified from protocols used for testing non-disabled athletes to examine their physical abilities. In handcycling, incremental tests were used to monitor performance development by means of lactate threshold (POBLA) and define heart rate-based training zones. All-out sprint tests were applied to calculate maximal lactate accumulation rate (V˙Lamax) as a measure of glycolytic capabilities in all disciplines. From 2017 to 2020, training was monitored to quantify training load (TL) and training intensity distribution (TID).ResultsFrom 2016 to 2019, the athlete was ranked within the top ten at the European and World Championships. From 2017 to 2019, annual TL increased from 414 to 604 h and demonstrated a shift in TID from 77-17-6% to 88-8-4%. In this period, POBLA increased from 101 to 158 W and V˙Lamax decreased from 0.56 to 0.36 mmol·l−1·s−1. TL was highest during training camps. In 2020, after he received his CML diagnosis, TL, TID, and POBLA were 317 h, 94-5-1%, and 108 W, respectively.DiscussionTL and TID demonstrated similar values when compared with previous studies in para-swimming and long-distance paratriathlon, respectively. In contrast, relative TL during training camps exceeded those described in the literature and was accompanied by physical stress. Increased volumes at low intensity are assumed to increase POBLA and decrease V˙Lamax over time. CML treatment and side effects drastically decreased TL, intensity, and performance, which ultimately hindered a qualification for Tokyo 2020/21. In conclusion, there is a need for careful training prescription and monitoring in wheelchair triathletes to improve performance and avoid non-functional overreaching.