bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Habitat-Based, Fishery-Independent Survey Using Actively Fished Hooked Gear Successfully Characterizes Reef Fish Populations in the Eastern Gulf of Mexico
Authors: Winner Brent L. , Switzer Theodore S. , Keenan Sean F. , Purtlebaugh Caleb H. , Christiansen Heather , Davis John 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Recognized limitations of fishery-dependent data under rapidly changing management regimes have resulted in significant effort during recent years to improve the availability of fishery-independent data in the southeastern United States. These fishery-independent surveys target numerous species and habitats with various sampling methods, including the use of trawls, longlines, gill nets, traps, and visual surveys. Although passively fished hooked gear (e.g., longlines) are often used to assess the abundance and life history of managed reef fishes, such types of gear are often limited by the habitats they can fish effectively and are species selective. To address these shortcomings, we developed and implemented an actively fished approach to provide fishery-independent data: the repetitive timed-drop hooked-gear method (RTD method). Despite the high degree of standardization applied to the RTD method, important questions remain as to whether active fishing imparts strong angler variability that may reduce the utility of survey data. Accordingly, we analyzed data from 2014 to 2018 to evaluate potential angler bias and how angler-associated variability compares to other factors often thought to be important predictors of reef fish abundance and community structure. During this study, 962 stations were sampled, representing a variety of artificial and natural reef habitats. In total, 5,770 fish were caught, representing 92 taxa. Sampling was conducted by 103 unique anglers, including 42 commercial or charter fishers and 61 scientists. Results from both population- and assemblage-level analyses found that most of the variability in the catch could be explained by hook size, habitat, water depth, and year. Angler type was rarely correlated with reef fish abundance or assemblages. Our analyses suggest that the RTD method is effective in gathering fishery-independent abundance and life history data for reef fishes in the eastern Gulf of Mexico and that the resulting data are not strongly biased by an angler effect.
Occupational patterns in Anglo‐Saxon and Medieval East Midlands, England: Insights from activity‐related skeletal changes
Authors: Nikita Efthymia , Radini Anita 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis paper examines five assemblages from the East Midlands, England, assessing activity‐related skeletal changes with the aim of exploring differences in labor‐linked social divisions between the Anglo‐Saxon (5th–11th century) and medieval periods (11th–15th century). The Anglo‐Saxon assemblages come from Empingham and Southwell, while all three medieval assemblages originate from Leicester (St Michael's cemetery, St Peter's cemetery, Austin Friars). The analysis of activity‐related skeletal changes encompassed entheseal changes (EC) and cross‐sectional geometric properties (CSG) of the upper limb long bones. The results supported a lack of sexual dimorphism, with the exception of St Peter's for CSG. This pattern suggests the absence of systematic sex‐based division of labor in both the Anglo‐Saxon period and in the medieval period for part of the population, such as the poorer St Michael's individuals. Inter‐assemblage patterns, although restricted by small sample sizes, agree with historical and archaeological evidence for a more complex and diversified urban life in the later medieval period compared to the earlier Anglo‐Saxon period. However, at the same time they highlight the similarities that overall characterized these assemblages.
Simultaneous quantitative analysis of 11 constituents in Viticis Fructus by HPLC‐HRMS and HPLC‐DAD combined with chemometric methods
Authors: Wu Tingfen , Ma Zhiguo , Zhang Ying , Wu Menghua , Cao Hui 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIntroductionViticis Fructus is the dried ripe fruit of Vitex trifolia L. (VTF) or V. trifolia subsp. litoralis Steenis (VTLF). Different botanical sources of the same herbal medicines may have different clinical efficacies, but few studies have reported the comparative identification of VTF and VTLF.ObjectivesTo establish a high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for the simultaneous assay of 11 constituents in Viticis Fructus, to compare the chemical compositions of VTF and VTLF, and to identify chemical markers for the discrimination and quality evaluation of the two botanical origins of Viticis Fructus.MethodologyAn HPLC‐diode array detection (DAD)‐high‐resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) method was developed for the simultaneous separation and quantification of 11 constituents in 21 batches of Viticis Fructus samples from different sources in China. Moreover, chemometrics were performed to compare and discriminate VTF and VTLF samples.ResultsThe results from 11 batches of VTF and 10 batches of VTLF were compared for 11 components, of which 3,4‐dicaffeoylquinic acid and 3,5‐dicaffeoylquinic acid were identified and quantified in Viticis Fructus for the first time. The quantitative analysis showed significantly higher chlorogenic acid and casticin contents in VTLF than in VTF, and the chemometric analysis indicated that chlorogenic acid and casticin were responsible for the significant differences between VTF and VTLF; these two compounds might be used as chemical markers to distinguish the two original plant sources of Viticis Fructus.ConclusionsThe present work provides useful information for understanding the chemical differences between VTF and VTLF. This work also provides feasible methods for the quality evaluation and discrimination of herbal medicines originating from multiple botanical sources.
Do problem‐solving skills help mitigate emotional distress through perceived control and self‐efficacy in parents of children with cancer?
Authors: Levesque Ariane , Béliveau Julianne , Ogez David , Marcil Valérie , Curnier Daniel , Laverdière Caroline , Sinnett Daniel , Péloquin Katherine , Sultan Serge 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIntroductionParents of children with cancer face psychological challenges that can result in significant distress. It has been found that problem‐solving (PS) could mitigate emotional distress (ED) in this population, but mechanisms of this relation are poorly understood. This study aimed to assess whether there is a link between PS and ED through perceived control and self‐efficacy.MethodsWe included 119 parents (67 mothers, 52 fathers, including 50 couples) whose child was diagnosed with cancer. We evaluated whether PS was associated with ED through perceived control and self‐efficacy in couples of parents.ResultsWe found no direct association between PS and ED (β = −0.01, p = 0.92). Our results indicated a significant indirect effect between ED and PS with perceived control as the intermediary variable (β = −0.24, p < 0.001, 95% CI [−0.41, −0.11]). However, there was no indirect association between ED and PS with self‐efficacy as the intermediary variable (β = −0.04, p = 0.26, 95% CI [−0.11, 0.09]). The effect size was large in magnitude (R2 = 0.59 for ED).ConclusionThe mitigating role of PS on ED is better explained by an enhanced experience of control than by improved self‐efficacy. Future interventions should directly target the action mechanism behind PS and ED in both mothers and fathers by targeting their perceived control.
The 2 min step test: A reliable and valid measure of functional capacity in older adults post coronary revascularisation
Authors: Chow Jaclyn Jie Ling , Fitzgerald Claire , Rand Sarah 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPurposeExercise training is the central component in Cardiac Rehabilitation (CR). A baseline assessment of aerobic capacity is paramount for exercise prescription and safety. The Two‐Minute Step Test (2MST) has been used to measure aerobic capacity in healthy older adults. However, the reliability and validity of the 2MST in older adults post‐coronary revascularisation (CRV) is unknown.MethodsA prospective observational study was conducted in a single CR centre. Two 2MSTs and one six‐minute walk test (6MWT) were completed in a single session. The 2MST measurements were recorded by two raters for each individual. The six‐minute walk distance (6MWD) and 2MST steps recorded by both raters were analysed to determine the relationship and agreement between measurements.ResultsThirty one participants with a median (IQR) age of 66 (62,73) years old were included in the study post CRV. Strong positive correlations were found between steps achieved during the 2MSTs and the 6MWD (r = 0.87, 95% CI 0.82–0.91, p < 0.0001). Excellent inter‐rater reliability was demonstrated between raters during the 2MSTs (ICC = 0.999–1.000, p = 0.000). Excellent relative test‐retest reliability was demonstrated in both 2MSTs recorded by both raters (ICC = 0.927–0.934, p = 0.000). However, absolute test‐retest reliability may have been limited by a learning effect between repeated 2MSTs.ConclusionsThe results of this study indicate that the 2MST may be used as an alternative to the 6MWT as an outcome measure for aerobic capacity in older adults post‐CRV. However, a practice trial is recommended at baseline to account for a learning effect.
Protective effects of 4‐geranyloxy‐2,6‐dihydroxybenzophenonel on DSS‐induced ulcerative colitis in mice via regulation of cAMP/PKA/CREB and NF‐κB signaling pathways
Authors: Wang Mingqiang , Li Yanzhen , Su Jianhui , Bai Jingyan , Zhao Zhongxiang , Sun Zhanghua 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHypericum sampsonii Hance has traditionally been used to treat enteritis and diarrhea. As one of the main benzophenones isolated from H. sampsonii, 4‐geranyloxy‐2,6‐dihydroxybenzophenonel (4‐GDB) has been shown to possess anti‐inflammatory effects. However, the therapeutic effect and potential mechanisms of 4‐GDB in ulcerative colitis (UC) remain unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the role of 4‐GDB in UC using a dextran sulfate sodium‐induced colitis mouse model. Intragastric administration of 4‐GDB (20 mg/kg/day) for 8 days significantly attenuated colonic injury, reduced the expression of inflammatory mediators, and improved colonic barrier function in mice with colitis. Furthermore, in vivo and in vitro experiments indicated that 4‐GDB could activate cAMP/PKA/CREB and inhibit the NF‐κB pathway. Collectively, 4‐GDB may be a potential agent for treating UC by regulating the cAMP/PKA/CREB and NF‐κB pathways.
Hypoxia‐induced pulmonary hypertension upregulates eNOS and TGF‐β contributing to sex‐linked differences in BMPR2+/R899X mutant mice
Authors: Erewele Ejehi O. , Castellon Maricela , Loya Omar , Marshboom Glenn , Schwartz Andrew , Yerlioglu Kayla , Callahan Christopher , Chen Jiwang , Minshall Richard D. , Oliveira Suellen D. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDysfunctional bone morphogenetic protein receptor 2 (BMPR2) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) have been largely implicated in the pathogenesis of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH); a life‐threatening cardiopulmonary disease. Although the incident of PAH is about three times higher in females, males with PAH usually have a worse prognosis, which seems to be dependent on estrogen‐associated cardiac and vascular protection. Here, we evaluated whether hypoxia‐induced pulmonary hypertension (PH) in humanized BMPR2+/R899X loss‐of‐function mutant mice contributes to sex‐associated differences observed in PAH by altering eNOS expression and inducing expansion of hyperactivated TGF‐β‐producing pulmonary myofibroblasts. To test this hypothesis, male and female wild‐type (WT) and BMPR2+/R899X mutant mice were kept under hypoxic or normoxic conditions for 4 weeks, and then right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) and right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH) were measured. Chronic hypoxia exposure elevated RVSP, inducing RVH in both groups, with a greater effect in BMPR2+/R899X female mice. Lung histology revealed no differences in vessel thickness/area between sexes, suggesting RVSP differences in this model are unlikely to be in response to sex‐dependent vascular narrowing. On the other hand, hypoxia exposure increased vascular collagen deposition, the number of TGF‐β‐associated α‐SMA‐positive microvessels, and eNOS expression, whereas it also reduced caveolin‐1 expression in the lungs of BMPR2+/R899X females compared to males. Taken together, this brief report reveals elevated myofibroblast‐derived TGF‐β and eNOS‐derived oxidants contribute to pulmonary microvascular muscularization and sex‐linked differences in incidence, severity, and outcome of PAH.
Sources of anisotropy in the Reynolds stress tensor in the stable boundary layer
Authors: Gucci Federica , Giovannini Lorenzo , Stiperski Ivana , Zardi Dino , Vercauteren Nikki 
Published: November 2022

AbstractData collected by 12 sonic anemometers over the Plaine Morte Glacier (Swiss Alps) during the Snow Horizontal Arrays Turbulence Study are used to investigate sources of anisotropy in the Reynolds stress tensor for stable boundary layers. A coarse‐graining approach is applied to evaluate transfers of kinetic energy across scales, and internal gravity waves (IGWs) are detected with a suitable criterion. Both approaches are combined with a classification of anisotropy based on the barycentric map of 1 min Reynolds stress tensors. A wind‐speed threshold is found that discriminates between regimes with a different dominant topology of the Reynolds stress tensor. One‐component and isotropic states are frequent for low wind speed and strong stratification, whereas two‐component axisymmetric states dominate the high wind speed regime with strong vertical shear. Results suggest that the presence of IGWs is mostly responsible for one‐component states, and additionally influences the relative amount of kinetic and potential energy in the perturbation field. To provide supporting evidence, a complementary analysis of a clean IGW detected during a field campaign in Dumosa (Australia) is presented. This case study highlights how waves contribute to drive the Reynolds stress tensor towards the one‐component limit. Cases are shown where a linear detrending procedure may be effective in filtering out waves and avoid their spurious contributions in turbulence statistics.
Evaluating classifier predictive performance in multi‐class problems with balanced and imbalanced data sets
Authors: Vanacore Amalia , Pellegrino Maria Sole , Ciardiello Armando 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA major issue in classification problems arises when dealing with class imbalance, which requires the adoption of a suitable performance measure able to handle imbalanced data sets. This paper introduces the Balanced and its weighted version Balanced as classifier performance measures suitable for both balanced and imbalanced data sets. The performances of the proposed measures are compared against those of other well‐known performance measures through an empirical comparison using several algorithms and data sets. Moreover, the applicability of Balanced is showcased through an illustrative example dealing with steel plate faults classifications, where class imbalance typically occurs due to non‐common defects which, though rare, may seriously impact steel quality.
Active fault‐tolerant control based on sparse recovery diagnosis: The twin wind turbines case
Authors: Makni Mariem , Haidar Ihab , Barbot Jean‐Pierre , Plestan Franck 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis article deals with the design of an active fault‐tolerant control (AFTC) for a twin wind turbine consisting of two wind turbines mounted on the same tower. When one of the turbines is impacted by electrical faults, precisely a stator inter‐turn short circuits fault or a demagnetization fault, the sparse recovery diagnosis method is used for the detection, isolation and estimation of the active fault. An AFTC law is designed for the supervision of the faulty machine. Both methods, concerning diagnosis and control, are based on homogeneous theory and consequently converge in finite time. Simulation results highlighting the relevance of the proposed approach are also presented.
Drone‐mounted audio‐visual deterrence of bats: implications for reducing aerial wildlife mortality by wind turbines
Authors: Werber Yuval , Hareli Gadi , Yinon Omer , Sapir Nir , Yovel Yossi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWind energy is a major and rapidly expanding renewable energy source. Horizontal‐axis wind turbines, the main tool in this industry, induce mortality in flying animals and consequently bring about conservation concerns and regulatory restrictions. We utilized a unique combination of RADAR, LIDAR and ultrasonic acoustic recorders to test the utility of a novel technology meant to prevent wind turbine‐related mortality in bats. Our drone‐mounted deterrent device produces a pulsating combination of strong auditory and visual signals while moving through the air. LIDAR was used to assess the device's impact below its flight altitude and RADAR to assess its influence above its flight altitude. Continuous acoustic recordings from ground level to ~400 m above‐ground‐level were used to monitor bat activity in the research site. We recorded the nightly altitudinal distributions of multiple bat species throughout the experiment. Analysis revealed a significant change in activity while the deterrent was flying compared to baseline conditions. We also recorded a significant ~40% decrease below and a significant ~50% increase above the deterrent's flight altitude during its operation compared to the post‐flight control. The tested technology is independent of wind farm activities and does not require modifying wind turbine form or operation procedures. The device differs from previously proposed solutions by being dynamic – moving in the airspace and emitting constantly changing signals – thus decreasing the probability of animal habituation. Our findings suggest that the deterrent could dramatically decrease wind turbine‐related mortality by deterring bats from approaching rotor‐swept airspace. Focused implementation in conditions where bat activity and energy production are in conflict may provide a practical, cost‐effective mortality mitigation solution compared to current alternatives. Thus, our results should be considered by the wind‐turbine industry and environmental monitoring and animal conservation organizations, as well as by regulatory agencies, when pursuing alleviation of wind turbine‐related mortality.
Time‐series remote sensing of rice paddy expansion in the Yellow River Delta: Towards sustainable ecological conservation in the context of water scarcity
Authors: Huang Chong , Zhang Chenchen 
Published: November 2022

AbstractLarge river deltas are usually ecologically important wetland habitats, but also fertile agricultural exploitation areas, creating a conflict of long‐running substantial interest between agricultural expansion and wetland conservation. Over the past several years, large‐scale cultivation of water‐consuming rice has been growing rapidly in the semi‐arid climate of the Yellow River Delta (YRD). Timely monitoring of rice cultivation dynamics is of great significance for sustainable ecological conservation of the delta, which has insufficient freshwater resources. This study proposed a stratified metrics‐based method that integrates statistical spectral indices and phenological metrics at different growing stages to improve the accuracy of rice paddy classification in areas where rice and wetlands coexist. We applied the method to time‐series Sentinel‐1/2 images to produce annual rice paddy maps of the YRD from 2016 to 2021. Together with rice paddy data from 2011 to 2015 from Statistical Yearbooks of Dongying Bureau of Statistics, we investigated the expansion dynamics over the past decade and in this paper discuss the advantages and disadvantages of rice cultivation expansion over wetland ecosystem conservation. Rapid expansion of rice cultivation intensifies water conflicts, and adversely affects wetland restoration in the YRD. Considering the important ecological services of rice paddies as alternative habitats, we argue for maintaining a reasonable scale of rice paddies and optimizing their distribution as a potential solution to achieving the overall sustainable conservation of the YRD in the context of water scarcity.
The impact of countries' culture norms and innovations on their adaptive capacity to climate change
Authors: Abdelzaher Dina M. , Martynov Aleksey 
Published: November 2022

AbstractInnovation has been discussed as a mechanism to help markets adapt to the consequences of climate change but the adoption of innovation is shaped by a set of formal and informal institutions, one of which is national culture norms. In this empirical study, we examine the impact of innovation on adaptive capacity to climate change then investigate how national culture norms enhance or weaken this relationship, using a database of 42 countries across the period of 2009–2020. We find that innovation has a positive effect on countries' adaptive capacity to climate change and the culture dimensions of Uncertainty Avoidance and Future Orientation moderate this relationship, such that countries scoring high on Uncertainty Avoidance and Future Orientation are better able to channel innovation into the adaptive capacity to climate change. Furthermore, while we found that Uncertainty Avoidance and Future Orientation had a direct positive impact on adaptive capacity, the dimension of institutional collectiveness had no significant impact. Implications for policy makers are discussed.
Director departure following political ideology (in)congruence with an incoming CEO
Authors: Busenbark John R. , Bundy Jonathan , Chin M.K. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractResearch SummaryPolitical ideologies play a critical role in how individuals view the world and their social interactions. Management scholars have theorized about how executives' politics may influence their firms' activities, but organizational research has not yet fully embraced the political science logic that bidirectional ideological alignment is perhaps the most influential factor in crafting social circles. We incorporate this perspective by theorizing about how political ideology (in)congruence between an incoming CEO and directors impacts whether those directors retain their seat or depart from the board. Coalescing political research with the socio‐behavioral view of directorships, we argue that ideological incongruence is related to departure and congruence enhances retention. In post hoc analyses, we also uncover preliminary evidence that the salience of ideological incongruence supersedes congruence in director departure.Managerial SummaryExecutives' political ideologies have a profound impact on the organization, so it is imperative to understand whether the political views of those in the upper echelons play a role in cultivating who sits at the apex of the firm. In this study, we find that directors are inclined to remain on the board when they share a political ideology with an incoming CEO, but that they are also apt to depart from their positions when their political views do not align with the incoming CEO. In intriguing quantitative analyses, we also unearth that, like most individuals in society, directors are perhaps more repelled by a CEO with an opposing political ideology than they are attracted to a CEO with similar political leanings.