bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Global Increases in Lethal Compound Heat Stress: Hydrological Drought Hazards Under Climate Change
Authors: Yin Jiabo , Slater Louise , Gu Lei , Liao Zhen , Guo Shenglian , Gentine Pierre 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPrevious studies seldom consider humidity when examining heat‐related extremes, and none have explored the effects of humidity on concurrent extremes of high heat stress and low river streamflow. Here, we present the first global picture of projected changes in compound lethal heat stress (Th)‐drought hazards (CHD) across 11,637 catchments. Our observational datasets show that atmospheric conditions (e.g., energy and vapor flux) play an important role in constraining the heat extremes, and that Th (32% ± 11%) yields a higher coincidence rate of global CHD than wet‐bulb temperature (28% ± 11%), driven by lower relative humidity (RH) and thus air dryness in Th extremes. Our large model ensemble projects a 10‐fold intensification of bivariate CHD risks by 2071–2100, mainly driven by increases in heat extremes. Future declines in RH, wind, snow, and precipitation in many regions are likely to exacerbate such water and weather‐related hazards (e.g., drought and CHD).
Microseismicity Monitoring and Site Characterization With Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS): The Case of the Irpinia Fault System (Southern Italy)
Authors: Trabattoni A. , Festa G. , Longo R. , Bernard P. , Plantier G. , Zollo A. , Strollo A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis paper reports the first results obtained thanks to the installation of a dedicated one‐km fiber‐optic cable, integrated within the Irpinia Near Fault Observatory regional network in Southern Italy. The cable was installed in a dry lake, located near the active faults responsible for the M6.9 earthquake that occurred in 1980. A distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) interrogator was deployed over a period of 4 months and a half and allowed to record tens of local events. To model the seismic phases observed in the recordings, simple seismic refraction experiments were conducted along with analyses of earthquakes and numerical simulations. Results show that in this peculiar geological context, DAS is mainly sensitive to waves guided horizontally by the subsurface low‐velocity layered structure of the site. This leads to considerable site amplification but also wavefront deformation and allows to detect local microearthquakes without any stacking or other array processing techniques. Magnitude estimation was performed using a dedicated amplitude correction process, along with detection threshold estimation. The benefit of using stacking of DAS channels for improving signal‐to‐noise ratio was also estimated.
Association of alpha-fetoprotein and metastasis for small hepatocellular carcinoma: A propensity-matched analysis
Authors: Wang Yu-Qi , Wang An-Jiang , Zhang Ting-Ting , Chen Si-Hai 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMetastasis is crucial for the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Distinguishing the potential risk factors for distant metastasis in small HCC (diameter ≤ 5 cm) is of great significance for improving the prognosis. HCC patients in the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) registry with tumors ≤ 5 cm in diameter between January 2010 and December 2015 were retrieved. Demographic and clinicopathological metrics were extracted, including age, sex, race, marital status, tumor size, histological grade, T stage, N stage, M stage, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), and liver fibrosis score. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify independent risk factors correlated with extrahepatic metastasis in small HCC. Propensity score matching (PSM) analysis was performed to balance the confounding factors in baseline characteristics. A total of 4176 eligible patients were divided into a non-metastasis group (n = 4033) and a metastasis group (n = 143) based on metastasis status. In multivariate analysis, larger tumor size, poor histological differentiation, regional lymph node metastasis, and elevated serum AFP levels were identified as independent risk factors for distant metastasis (P < 0.05), while age, sex, race, marital status, and liver fibrosis score were not associated with extrahepatic metastasis. After propensity score analysis, the AFP level was no longer associated with metastatic risk. The present study provided no evidence for a correlation between the clinical threshold of AFP and metastasis in small hepatocellular carcinoma.
Research on a novel and improved incremental conductance method
Authors: Sun Chunhu , Ling Jing , Wang Jing 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAiming at the problem that the steady-state error and response speed cannot be taken into account in the traditional fixed-step incremental conductance method, combined with the current–voltage (I–U) characteristic curve of photovoltaic (PV) panel, this paper proposes a novel and improved variable-step incremental conductance method. The proposed tracking strategy of maximum power point (MPP) analyzes the I–U characteristic curve, and divides the I–U characteristic curve into four sections, each section has a different variable step size, thus realizing the variable step size control of global four-section. The traditional incremental conductance method and the improved incremental conductance method are simulated under the environment of Matlab/Simulink. The simulation results show that when the light intensity changes rapidly, the novel improved incremental conductance method not only has the advantages of no oscillation in steady state and fast response speed, but also improve the efficiency of photovoltaic power generation, which better realizes the fast and accurate tracking of MPP.
Assessment of Nutritional Status of Hospitalized Children:A Comparison of STRONGkids and Anthropometry
Authors: Elbanoni Omelkhir Ibrahim , Elabbud Hudda Abubaker Younis , Greiw Azza Elsaddiek Hussein 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIntroduction Malnutrition is defined as an imbalance between requirements and intake of energy and/or nutrients that affect the growth—physical and cognitive functions. It is a major public health problem worldwide especially in children under five years. It includes under-nutrition either stunting, wasting, or micronutrient deficiencies and overweight or obesity. Several nutritional screening tools had been designed to detect nutritional risk of hospitalized children at an early stage. There are six tools, however, there is no consensus on which is the best tool to be used. In clinical practice, the most frequently used screening tools are: Screening of Risk for Nutritional Status and Growth (STRONGkids) and the Subjective Global Assessment of Nutritional Status (SGA). The study aimed to assess the nutritional status of hospitalized children at the time of admission and to evaluate the usefulness of STRONGkids.Patients and Methods A cross sectional study was conducted in Benghazi Medical Center (BMC), from July 2020 to November 2020. A total of 116 under five children admitted to the hospital were included in the study.Result and Discussion The study showed that 53.45% of children were males and 46.55% were females and showed that by using STRONGkids score, 42.2% of children were at low risk of malnutrition, 50.0% at medium risk, and 7.8% at high risk. There was an accordance between result of STRONGkids and weight for age, p = 0.000, similarly for height for age and weight for height.conclusion The STRONGkids screening tool could be used as an initial screening tool for children on admission to provide the right intervention at the right time.
He come out and give me a beer but he never seen the bear
Authors: Jankowski Bridget L. , Tagliamonte Sali A. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In this study, we examine variation in English strong verb preterite/participle morphology in four frequent verbs:
came/come, saw/seen,
gave/give and did/done, using data from more than a dozen
Ontario communities, socially stratified by age, sex, occupation and education, representing a continuum of urban/rural locations
and spanning more than 100 years in apparent-time. Comparative sociolinguistic methods and statistical modelling permit testing of
social, geographic and linguistic factors on the variation. Despite strong social constraints, linguistic constraints are also
significant. We argue that standardization and increasing literacy have nearly eradicated the vernacular preterite forms, but they
are not moribund yet. Moreover, at least one form is stable, preterite seen. The non-standard variants endure as
sociolinguistic markers, perhaps due to locally situated prestige, particularly in non-urban communities.
Enabling matter power spectrum emulation in beyond-ΛCDM cosmologies with COLA
Authors: Brando Guilherme , Fiorini Bartolomeo , Koyama Kazuya , Winther Hans A. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We compare and validate COLA (COmoving Lagrangian Acceleration) simulations against existing emulators in the literature, namely Bacco and Euclid Emulator 2. Our analysis focuses on the non-linear response function, i.e., the ratio between the non-linear dark matter power spectrum in a given cosmology with respect to a pre-defined reference cosmology, which is chosen to be the Euclid Emulator 2 reference cosmology in this paper. We vary three cosmological parameters, the total matter density, the amplitude of the primordial scalar perturbations and the spectral index.
By comparing the COLA non-linear response function with those computed from each emulator in the redshift range 0 ≤ z ≤ 3, we find that the COLA method is in excellent agreement with the two emulators for scales up to k ∼ 1 h/Mpc as long as the deviations of the matter power spectrum from the reference cosmology are not too large.
We validate the implementation of massive neutrinos in our COLA simulations by varying the sum of neutrino masses to three different values, 0.0 eV, 0.058 eV and 0.15 eV.
We show that all three non-linear prescriptions used in this work agree at the 1% level at k ≤ 1 h/Mpc. We then introduce the Effective Field Theory of Dark Energy in our COLA simulations using the N-body gauge method. We consider two different modified gravity models in which the growth of structure is enhanced or suppressed at small scales, and show that the response function with respect to the change of modified gravity parameters depends weakly on cosmological parameters in these models.
A novel front-end amplifier for gain-less charge readout in high-pressure gas TPC
Authors: Gao C. , Feng W. , Tian X. , Sun X. , Huang G. , Qiao Y. , Hu Z. , Ye Q. , Li D. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This paper presents a novel low-noise front-end amplifier manufactured in a standard 130 nm CMOS process. The front-end amplifier is part of an integrated sensor, with an array of which, forms a charge readout plane in a high-pressure gaseous Time Projection Chamber (TPC) for 0νββ search. The novel front-end amplifier composed of a source-drain follower and a common-source amplifier is proposed. The potential of both the source and drain node of the input transistor follows its gate. Hence the effective input capacitance contributed by the input transistor is significantly reduced. A hexagon charge collection electrode with a diameter of 1 mm is connected to the input node of the front-end amplifier. The shielding technique is applied and the shielding metal is connected to the source or drain node of the input transistor. Therefore, the effective input capacitance contributed by the charge collection electrode is decreased. The extraction result shows that the input capacitance is decreased from the 4 pf down to 7.4 fF. A test chip has been designed and an equivalent noise charge of 33 e− is achieved from the simulations.
CEE inner TOF prototype design and preliminary test results
Authors: Wang X. , Hu D. , Shao M. , Zhao L. , Sun Y. , Lu J. , Xu H. , Zhou Y. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The Cooling Storage Ring (CSR) External-target Experiment (CEE) is the first multi-purpose nuclear physics experimental device to operate in the GeV energy range at the Heavy-Ion Research Facility (HIRFL-CSR) in Lanzhou, China.The primary goals of the CEE are to study the bulk properties of dense matter and to understand the quantum chromo-dynamic (QCD) phase diagram by measuring the charged particles produced in heavy-ion collisions at the target region with large acceptance. An inner time of flight (iTOF) system has been proposed to measure the multiplicity, angular distribution, and time information of the charged particles. Herein, we introduce the performance requirements of iTOF according to calculations and GEANT4 simulations. The proposed system is characterized by high granularity and time performance, hence, the conceptual design of the iTOF wall adopts high granularity Multi-gap Resistive Plate Chambers (MRPC) with a time resolution around 30 ps. To evaluate the MRPC design, the cosmic ray test was performed. A timing resolution better than 28 ps and an efficiency better than 98% have been achieved for MIPs, as interpreted by the cosmic ray GEANT4 simulation of time jitter components.
Exploring green gentrification in 28 global North cities: the role of urban parks and other types of greenspaces
Authors: Triguero-Mas Margarita , Anguelovski Isabelle , Connolly James J T , Martin Nick , Matheney Austin , Cole Helen V S , Pérez-Del-Pulgar Carmen , García-Lamarca Melissa , Shokry Galia , Argüelles Lucía , Conesa David , Gallez Elsa , Sarzo Blanca , Beltrán Miguel Angel , López Máñez Jesúa , Martínez-Minaya Joaquín , Oscilowicz Emilia , Arcaya Mariana C , Baró Francesc 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Although cities globally are increasingly mobilizing re-naturing projects to address diverse urban socio-environmental and health challenges, there is mounting evidence that these interventions may also be linked to the phenomenon known as green gentrification. However, to date the empirical evidence on the relationship between greenspaces and gentrification regarding associations with different greenspace types remains scarce. This study focused on 28 mid-sized cities in North America and Western Europe. We assessed improved access to different types of greenspace (i.e. total area of parks, gardens, nature preserves, recreational areas or greenways [i] added before the 2000s or [ii] added before the 2010s) and gentrification processes (including [i] gentrification for the 2000s; [ii] gentrification for the 2010s; [iii] gentrification throughout the decades of the 2000s and 2010s) in each small geographical unit of each city. To estimate the associations, we developed a Bayesian hierarchical spatial model for each city and gentrification time period (i.e. a maximum of three models per city). More than half of our models showed that parks—together with other factors such as proximity to the city center—are positively associated with gentrification processes, particularly in the US context, except in historically Black disinvested postindustrial cities with lots of vacant land. We also find than in half of our models newly designated nature preserves are negatively associated with gentrification processes, particularly when considering gentrification throughout the 2000s and the 2010s and in the US. Meanwhile, for new gardens, recreational spaces and greenways, our research shows mixed results (some positive, some negative and some no effect associations). Considering the environmental and health benefits of urban re-naturing projects, cities should keep investing in improving park access while simultaneously implementing anti-displacement and inclusive green policies.
Observation of the poloidally asymmetrical density perturbation of sawtooth collapse on J-TEXT
Authors: ZHOU Yinan , ZHUANG Ge , SHI Peng , GAO Li , YANG Zhoujun , ZHANG Xiaoqing 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The detailed density perturbations provided by the advanced polarimeter–interferometer system (Polaris) during sawtooth collapse on the Joint Texas Experimental Tokamak (J-TEXT) are reported in this article. During a sawtooth collapse and the crash of plasma pressure at the center, it is found that the increase in density in the region between the inversion radius and mixing radius is poloidally asymmetrical, while the increase in temperature is poloidally symmetrical. The poloidal location where the density increases is dependent on the phase of the precursory m/n = 1/1 kink mode. It is always out of phase with the hot core of the m/n = 1/1 mode. The behaviors of density perturbations during sawtooth collapse observed in J-TEXT are beyond the expectations of the standard model, and this can shed new light on the understanding of sawtooth collapse.
Risk Characteristics of Hydrogen Sulphide Exposure in Wastewater Collection and Treatment Related Occupations
Authors: Austigard Åse Dalseth , Smedbold Hans Thore , von Hirsch Svendsen Kristin 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Water and wastewater workers can be exposed to hydrogen sulphide (H2S), with an unpredictable exposure pattern, dominated by sharp peaks. These peaks can often be high above the ceiling value (CV) at 10 ppm.

Methods
We have analyzed self-administrated H2S exposure data among 60 wastewater workers in the Municipality of Trondheim, Norway, from 2015 till 2021. The detection range of the personal alarm equipment used was 1.6 to 100 ppm H2S. The workers were divided in four similar exposed groups (SEGs): wastewater collection net, wastewater treatment plants, wastewater pumping stations and water distribution net.

Results
We identified measurements from 7083 different workdays, approximately 10% of the workdays between 2015 and 2021. Within these, 1295 days had readings above 1.6 ppm H2S, and 424 (33%) of these days had readings that exceeded the CV of 10 ppm H2S. This percentage was similar across the SEGs. Only one workday had a time weighted average (TWA) exceeding the occupational exposure limit (OEL) of 5 ppm H2S, and only 14 days exceeded 0.5 ppm H2S, 1/10th of the OEL.

Conclusions
Wastewater workers in this study are regularly exposed to short peaks of H2S, but even high peaks do not influence the 8-h TWA values significantly. A preliminary measurement program over 3 days according to EN 689 to evaluate the need for further measurements would probably not find TWA values greater than 1/10 of OEL; the EN 689 standard is not made for evaluation to peak exposures. Exceedances of CV at 10 ppm H2S occur in 6% of workdays, and in 33% of days with exposure above 1.6 ppm. The toxicity and exposure profile of H2S makes continuous exposure monitoring necessary for alarm purposes. Reliance on the 8-h occupational exposure limit as has been the normal in Norway, will not be adequately protective for wastewater workers. H2S alarm equipment should continue to be used.
A geometric deep learning framework for drug repositioning over heterogeneous information networks
Authors: Zhao Bo-Wei , Su Xiao-Rui , Hu Peng-Wei , Ma Yu-Peng , Zhou Xi , Hu Lun 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDrug repositioning (DR) is a promising strategy to discover new indicators of approved drugs with artificial intelligence techniques, thus improving traditional drug discovery and development. However, most of DR computational methods fall short of taking into account the non-Euclidean nature of biomedical network data. To overcome this problem, a deep learning framework, namely DDAGDL, is proposed to predict drug-drug associations (DDAs) by using geometric deep learning (GDL) over heterogeneous information network (HIN). Incorporating complex biological information into the topological structure of HIN, DDAGDL effectively learns the smoothed representations of drugs and diseases with an attention mechanism. Experiment results demonstrate the superior performance of DDAGDL on three real-world datasets under 10-fold cross-validation when compared with state-of-the-art DR methods in terms of several evaluation metrics. Our case studies and molecular docking experiments indicate that DDAGDL is a promising DR tool that gains new insights into exploiting the geometric prior knowledge for improved efficacy.
Critical assessment of pan-genomic analysis of metagenome-assembled genomes
Authors: Li Tang , Yin Yanbin 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Pan-genome analyses of metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) may suffer from the known issues with MAGs: fragmentation, incompleteness and contamination. Here, we conducted a critical assessment of pan-genomics of MAGs, by comparing pan-genome analysis results of complete bacterial genomes and simulated MAGs. We found that incompleteness led to significant core gene (CG) loss. The CG loss remained when using different pan-genome analysis tools (Roary, BPGA, Anvi’o) and when using a mixture of MAGs and complete genomes. Contamination had little effect on core genome size (except for Roary due to in its gene clustering issue) but had major influence on accessory genomes. Importantly, the CG loss was partially alleviated by lowering the CG threshold and using gene prediction algorithms that consider fragmented genes, but to a less degree when incompleteness was higher than 5%. The CG loss also led to incorrect pan-genome functional predictions and inaccurate phylogenetic trees. Our main findings were supported by a study of real MAG-isolate genome data. We conclude that lowering CG threshold and predicting genes in metagenome mode (as Anvi’o does with Prodigal) are necessary in pan-genome analysis of MAGs. Development of new pan-genome analysis tools specifically for MAGs are needed in future studies.
Group-walk: a rigorous approach to group-wise false discovery rate analysis by target-decoy competition
Authors: Freestone Jack , Short Temana , Noble William Stafford , Keich Uri 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMotivationTarget-decoy competition (TDC) is a commonly used method for false discovery rate (FDR) control in the analysis of tandem mass spectrometry data. This type of competition-based FDR control has recently gained significant popularity in other fields after Barber and Candès laid its theoretical foundation in a more general setting that included the feature selection problem. In both cases, the competition is based on a head-to-head comparison between an (observed) target score and a corresponding decoy (knockoff) score. However, the effectiveness of TDC depends on whether the data are homogeneous, which is often not the case: in many settings, the data consist of groups with different score profiles or different proportions of true nulls. In such cases, applying TDC while ignoring the group structure often yields imbalanced lists of discoveries, where some groups might include relatively many false discoveries and other groups include relatively very few. On the other hand, as we show, the alternative approach of applying TDC separately to each group does not rigorously control the FDR.ResultsWe developed Group-walk, a procedure that controls the FDR in the target-decoy/knockoff setting while taking into account a given group structure. Group-walk is derived from the recently developed AdaPT—a general framework for controlling the FDR with side-information. We show using simulated and real datasets that when the data naturally divide into groups with different characteristics Group-walk can deliver consistent power gains that in some cases are substantial. These groupings include the precursor charge state (4% more discovered peptides at 1% FDR threshold), the peptide length (3.6% increase) and the mass difference due to modifications (26% increase).Availability and implementationGroup-walk is available at https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/groupwalk/index.html.Supplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.