bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimal Harvest Date Equations for West Virginia Apples
Authors: Abeles F. B. , Lightner G. W. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This report presents optimal harvest data equations (OHDE) calculated for 6 cultivars for apples at 3 locations in eastern West Virginia. In general, the equations predicted the observed harvest date one day better than the technique of using average calendar days for fruit development. The equations also indicated that bloom date was more important for determining the harvest date than the mean temperature during the growing season. Nonetheless, because of variability between equations, the overall usefulness of using the historical approach to the development of OHDE is limited.
Field Comparison of Chelated and Epsom Salt Magnesium Foliar Sprays on Apple Trees
Authors: Neilsen G. H. , Hoyt P. B. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Field experiments of chelated-or Epsom salt-Mg sprays in 1981 and 1982 on ‘Delicious’ (Red King and Starking strains) and ‘McIntosh’ apple trees (Malus domestica Borkh.) indicated that a minimum of 2 x 2.8 kg Mg/ha, foliar-applied, was necessary to increase leaf-Mg concentration to desired 0.26% levels in ‘McIntosh’. Thus, label-recommended application rates for chelated Mg (2 x 0.56 kg Mg/ha) were too low. ‘McIntosh’ extension growth was increased by adequate foliar-Mg applications, although leaf Ca was reduced in 1 year by the foliar-Mg treatments.
Peduncle Elongation of Pompon Chrysanthemums with Substituted Phthalimides
Authors: McDaniel G. L. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Substituted phthalimides [l-(3-chlorophthalimido)-cyclohexanecarboximide (AC 94,377) and a related tetrahydrophthalimide (AC 99,524)] and gibberellic acid (GA3) were applied to shoots of Chrysanthemum Xmorifolium Ramat. ‘Starburst’ on the fourth week of short daylength. Phthalimide rates of 250-1000 mg/liter caused elongated peduncles, higher peduncle dry weights, and greater internodal elongation than on untreated plants. These results with phthalimides compared favorably with GA3 at rates of 10-50 mg/liter. Phthalimide AC 94,377 produced greater peduncle dry weights than did GA3 on the first 4, most-terminal peduncles.
Interspecific Crosses among American and Asiatic Pieris Species
Authors: Jaynes Richard A. , Ticknor Robert L. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Putative hybrids of P. floribunda (Pursh ex Sims) Benth. and Hook, and P. japonica (Thunb.) D. Don ex G. Don were produced but most were short-lived. Morphological traits of 4 of these surviving hybrids were intermediate to the parent species; the hybrids also were sterile and lacked merit as cultivar selections. P. phillyreifolia (Hook.) DC. failed to cross successfully with either P. floribunda or P. japonica.
Container and Production Bed Mulch Effects on Media Temperatures and Growth of ‘Hershey’s Red’ Azalea
Authors: Keever G. J. , Cobb G. S. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Three pot/mulch combinations and 2 pot spacings were evaluated as to their effects on growing-media temperatures and growth of ‘Hershey’s Red’ azalea (Rhododendron Xsp.). The highest, maximum temperature and least root and shoot growth occurred in black pots on white clam shell mulch compared to white pots on black polyethylene and to white plywood-shielded pots. Close spacings of pots increased root growth with black pots on white mulch but not with white pots on black mulch. Plants in black pots on white mulch developed the greatest winter foliage discoloration and leaf abscission.
‘Carolina Cream’ Southernpea
Authors: Fery Richard L. , Dukes Philip D. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
‘Carolina Cream’ is a new southernpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] cultivar that was approved for release in July 1982 by the Agricultural Research Service of the USDA. It is well-adapted for production throughout the southeastern United States, where it can be expected to produce excellent yields of high quality, cream-type peas. Major attributes of the new cultivar are its excellent culinary quality and its resistances to the cowpea curculio (Chalcodermus aeneus Boehman), the major insect pest of the southernpea, and Cercospora leaf spot [Cercospora cruenta Sacc. (= Mycosphaerella cruenta Latham)], a major foliage disease of the crop. Cercospora leaf spot on southernpea also can be incited by Cercospora canescens Ell. & Martin.
‘Husker Red’ Penstemon
Authors: Lindgren D. T. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
‘Husker Red’ is a white-flowered, redfoliaged (stems and leaves) selection of Penstemon digitalis Nutt. (Fig. 1). It is being released both for home garden use and for breeding germplasm. It also can be used as a cut flower in floral arrangements. Color contrast between the white flowers and red foliage adds to its ornamental value.
Wisconsin Cranberry Production
Authors: Stang Elden J. , Dana Malcolm N. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Cranberries (Vactinium maerocarpon Ait), are Wisconsin's major fruit crop. Current annual production averages well over 45 million kg, and on-farm value exceeded $53 million in 1983. Wisconsin produced 40% of the United States cranberry crop in 1982; Massachusetts contributed 43%, and Oregon, Washington, and New Jersey produced 17%.
Ureafoam as an Amendment for Container Media of Croton
Authors: Ben-Jaacov J. , Poole R. T. , Conover C. A. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Effects of Hydrosoil (ureafoam) amendment to a Florida sedge-peat, pine bark, cypress shaving medium (2:1:1 by volume) and watering frequencies were tested in a factorial experiment using Codiaeum variegatum pictum ‘Aucubifolium’ (croton). Hydrosoil-amended media held much more water by weight than media alone, but water retention by volume was increased only slightly. Hydrosoil had only slight effect when plants were watered twice weekly. The quality decreased when plants were watered once weekly and twice during 3 weeks. Hydrosoil did increase days to wilt of plants watered weekly or 2 times during 3 weeks.
Changes in Physical Characteristics of Bark-based and Gasifier Residuebased Container Media over Time and by Sample Depth
Authors: Regulski F. J. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Gasifier residue (GR) had less than half the vertical shrinkage of pine bark or 2-bark : 1-peat : 1-sand medium. Little change in particle size distribution occurred in gasifier residue or 2-GR : 1-peat : 1-sand medium over 9 months. Particle breakdown occurred in bark, 2-bark : 1-peat : 1-sand and 3-GR : 1-peat media. In the upper Vs samples of the vertical profile, no change occurred in the water tension points of all media; however, in the lower ⅓ samples, the moisture of both 2B : IP : IS and 3GR : IP increased. Total pore space of all media tested varied initially but did not change over time. Bark gained easily available water and water buffer capacity, and lost air space. Gasifier residue lost easily available water but was stable in all other measured factors. The 2-bark : 1-peat : 1-sand medium lost air space over time but gained easily available water and water buffer capacity, thus increasing in moisture. The 2-GR : 1-peat : 1-sand medium retained its initial air space and water buffer capacity, but lost easily available water. The 3-GR : 1-peat medium similarly lost easily available water over time.
In Vitro Propagation of Paradox Walnut Rootstock
Authors: Driver John A. , Kuniyuki Andrew H. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Apical and lateral meristems of Paradox walnut (Juglans hindsii x J. regia) were used to investigate the possibility of accomplishing in vitro propagation of Paradox rootstock. A walnut specific medium, DKW, has been defined supporting optimum multiple shoot development under 4.5 μm benzyladenine (BA) and 5 nm indolebutyric acid (IBA) treatment. The method of analysis to determine the optimum level of constituents in tissue culture medium is discussed. Also reported is the in vivo rooting of tissue culture derived shoots.
The Effect of Soil Cooling and High Intensity Supplementary Lighting on Flowering of Alstroemeria ‘Regina’
Authors: Lin W. C. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Alstroemeria ‘Regina’ plants were grown at an air temperature of 15°/18°C (night/day). Soil cooling resulted in an increased number of flowering shoots in both spring-summer (21 Mar. to 20 Sept.) and fall-winter (21 Sept, to 20 Mar.) during the first year. Daily 16-hour supplementary lighting with high-pressure sodium (HPS) lamps reduced flowering shoots in spring-summer. In winter, only plants treated with the combination of soil cooling and HPS lighting produced flowers.
Pittosporum tobira Response to Container Medium Temperature
Authors: Johnson Charles R. , Ingram Dewayne L. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Root systems of Pittosporum tobira Thunb. plants were exposed to temperatures of 27°, 30°, or 40°C for 6 hours daily for 7 months. Top and root growth, root carbohydrate levels and photosynthetic rates were reduced by the 40° treatment. Content of K, Fe, and Zn in leaf tissues were reduced at highest root temperatures, while N content showed the opposite response.
The Effect of Sand Topdressing and Fertilizer on Inflorescence and Essential Oil Yield in ‘Dutch’ Lavandin
Authors: Tucker Arthur O. , Maciarello Michael , Howell John T. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The yield of inflorescences and essential oil of ‘Dutch’ lavandin (Lavandula x intermedia Emeric ex Loisel.) was increased significantly with the addition of a 2.5-cm topdressing of white sand. Fertilization did not increase yields on a near-optimally fertile soil.
Effect of Pollen Source on Fruit Characteristics of Low-chilling Highbush Type Blueberries
Authors: Gupton C. L. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The effects of pollen source on fruit set, berry size, seed characteristics, and potential pollen fertility were evaluated for low-chilling highbush type blueberries (Vaccinium spp.) pollinated in the greenhouse. Self-pollination of each clone, except for US79 which has low pollen viability, resulted in fruit set equal to or better than any type of cross. Berry weight and number of viable seeds per berry were not significantly higher for fruit produced from half-sib crosses than selling. Outcrosses generally produced the greatest berry weight and seed number.
The Effect of a Divided Canopy Trellis Design on Thornless Blackberry
Authors: Jan Swartz Harry , Gray Susan E. , Douglass Larry W. , Durner Edward , Walsh Christopher S. , Galletta Gene J. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Thornless blackberry plants were trained on 2 trellis types to determine the effect of primocane-floricane separation on plant productivity. Plants grown on a divided canopy had less shaded primocanes and more productive floricanes than those grown on a single canopy. Light interception was correlated positively to an increase in number of fruit per raceme and soluble solid/acid ratio. Dormant pruning had no effect on light interception or yield.
Effects of Glyphosate on Peach Tree Growth and Fruiting
Authors: Aldrich J. H. , Arnold C. E. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Vegetative and fruiting responses of peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch cv. June Gold] treated 3 years with glyphosate [N-(phosophonemethyl)glycine], applied at 2.2 and 4.4 kg/ha singly or in combination with 2.2 kg ai/ha simazine [2-chloro-4,6-bis(ethylamino)-s-triazine] or oryzalin [3,5-dinitro-N4,N4-dipropylsulfanilamide], and a treatment of 0.6 kg ai/ha paraquat (1-1’-dimethyl-4,4’-bipyridinium ion) plus simazine or oryzalin were compared to trees in a hand cultivated control. Herbicide treatments resulted in increased trunk diameters and fruit set while glyphosate combinations resulted in improved yields.
Inhibition of β-Galactosidase Isolated from ‘McIntosh’ Apples
Authors: Dick Arthur J. , Laskey Gail , Lidster Perry D. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The activity of β-galactosidase was dependent upon a preparation method with acetone powders showing 3 to 10 times the activity compared to freeze-dried powders or fresh homogenates. Adding back the partially purified acetone extract to acetone powders reestablished the enzymatic inhibition. This preliminary evidence suggests the presence of an inhibitor which may be capable of regulating β-galactosidase activity in vivo.
The Effect of European Red Mite Injury to Apple Foliage on Preharvest Fruit Drop and Efficacy of 2,4,5-TP
Authors: Beers E. H. , Hull Larry A. , Greene George M. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
‘Delicious’, ‘Golden Delicious’, and ‘Yorking’ apple trees (Malus domestica Borkh.) were assessed in 1979-80 for the influence of foliar damage by the European red mite, Panonychus ulmi (Koch) (Acari: Tetranychidae) on preharvest drop with and without a stopdrop chemical 2-(2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy) propionic acid (2,4,5-TP). The cumulative percentage of fruit drop did not differ between uninjured and mite-injured trees at mite damage levels that included severe bronzing, nor was there any apparent reduction in the efficacy of the stopdrop spray due to mite damage. Commercially acceptable drop control was obtained with 2,4,5-TP regardless of mite damage. These data do not support the widely accepted view that the uptake and/or performance of stopdrop sprays is impaired on mite-injured apple trees.
Effect of Soil Profile Modification and Drip Irrigation on the Establishment of ‘Vidal Blanc’ and ‘Chancellor’ Grapes
Authors: Andersen P. C. , Odneal M. B. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The 1st year performance of ‘Vidal Blanc’ and ‘Chancellor’ European-American grape cultivars was evaluated in a drought year. The most favorable treatment on plant water relations and vine growth was soil profile modification with irrigation (MI), followed by no soil profile modification with irrigation (Cl), soil profile modification without irrigation (MN), and no soil profile modification without irrigation (CN). Leaf conductance (kl), transpiration, vine height, leaf number, average leaf area, and total estimated leaf area were increased 2 to 7 times with irrigation. ‘Vidal Blanc’ seems to be better adapted than ‘Chancellor’ to low soil moisture conditions. Irrigation was consistently more beneficial than soil profile modification in the establishment year.
Influence of Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium on Asparagus Transplant Quality
Authors: Adler Paul R. , Dufault Robert J. , Waters Luther 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Increasing the P rates from 0 to 20 ppm increased shoot and crown fresh and dry weight, plant height, and fleshy root and bud production in 10-week-old asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L.) seedlings. Increasing K rates from 0 to 200 ppm decreased the production of fleshy roots relative to buds. Shoot production progressively increased as N rates increased from 100 to 200 ppm in conjunction with P rates increasing from 10 to 20 ppm. The partitioning of dry weight into crowns predominated over that partitioned into shoots in any combination of N rate from 0 to 200 ppm, and P rate from 0 to 20 ppm. With P rates held constant at 0 to 20 ppm, however, increasing the N rates from 0 to 200 ppm tended to reduce the partitioning rate into crowns and enhanced partitioning into the shoots. Nutrient solutions containing at least 20 ppm P and 100 ppm N and K are recommended in vermiculite-perlite-peat media natively low in NPK.
Incidence of Broad Bean Wilt Virus in Lettuce in New York State and Sources of Resistance
Authors: Provvidenti R. , Robinson R. W. , Shail J. W. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
A 6-year (1975-1980) survey established that broad bean wilt virus (BBWV) was second only to cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) in causing destructive diseases in leading lettuce cultivars grown in New York State. Conversely, the widespread usage of certified seed had drastically reduced the occurrence of lettuce mosaic virus (LMV). Screening for resistance revealed that a number of accessions of Lactuca sativa and a few of L. virosa were tolerant to BBWV. Tolerant plants, although infected with the virus, remained symptomless or responded with a mild and often transient chlorotic mottle.
Green Snap Bean Losses at the Retail and Consumer Levels in Metropolitan New York
Authors: Ceponis M. J. , Butterfield J. E. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In a 3-year study conducted in metropolitan New York, retail losses of fresh green beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) were 14.9% when merchandized in bulk, but only 3.8% when prepackaged. Samples procured from bulk and from prepackaged retail store displays and held for 3 days under refrigeration to simulate home conditions had 8.2% and 10.5% waste, respectively. Desiccation was the leading cause of retail loss. Mechanical and physical injuries caused most of the loss in consumer samples.
A Rapid Method for Separating Tomato Polygalacturonases by HPLC
Authors: Pressey Russell 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
A new procedure has been developed for separating the 2 polygalacturonases (PG I and PG II) in ripe tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum Mills cv. Better Boy). It involves high performance liquid chromatography of tomato extracts on a short column of a strong cation exchanger and elution with a salt gradient. The advantages of this procedure are that resolution of the polygalacturonases is achieved in only 20 min, and the extracts containing low levels of activity can be analyzed.
Development of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic Acid Synthase and Polygalacturonase Activities During the Maturation and Ripening of Tomato Fruit
Authors: Ling-Yuan Su , McKeon T. , Grierson D. , Cantwell M. , Yang S. F. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The changes in ethylene production rates and development of 1-aminocyclopropane-l-carboxylic acid (ACC) synthase and polygalacturonase (PG) activities were studied during the maturation and ripening of tomato fruit (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill, cv. ‘Castlemart’). There was a linear relationship between internal ethylene concentration and ethylene production rate; both increased exponentially as tomato fruit reached more advanced maturity and ripening. Thus, both of them correlate with the maturity and the ripening stages of tomatoes. A small increase in ACC synthase activity was observed at the early mature green stages which was followed by a marked increase at the breaker stage. ACC level followed the same pattern as ACC synthase activity. PG activity was undetectable or low throughout the mature green stages, but increased significantly after reaching the breaker stage. These data indicate that the onset of the development of ACC synthase activity precedes that of PG activity.
‘Pinkeye Purple Hull-BVR’, ‘White Acre-BVR’, and ‘Corona’ Cowpeas
Authors: Kuhn C. W. , Brantley B. B. , Demski J. W. , Pio-Ribeiro Gilvan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The College of Agriculture of the Univ. of Georgia releases 3 cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) cultivars which are resistant to blackeye cowpea mosaic virus (B1CMV): ‘Pinkeye Purple Hull-BVR’, ‘White Acre-BVR’, and ‘Corona’. B1CMV causes the most important disease of cowpea in Georgia (3), and it has been found in Alabama (3), South Carolina (3), and Texas (G.L. Philley, personal communication). Infection of cowpea with B1CMV causes significant losses. More important, however, is the synergistic disease reaction (cowpea stunt) which occurs with mixed infections of B1CMV and cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) (4). These 3 cultivars should be useful for commercial production and home gardens, and as parents for breeding programs.
‘NuMex BR1’ Onion
Authors: Corgan J. N. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
‘NuMex BR1’ is a Yellow Grano-type cultivar of short day onion (Allium cepa L.) resistant to premature seedstalk formation (bolting) and to pink root disease caused by Pyrenochaeta terrestris (Hans), Gorenz, Walker, and Larson. It was developed for fall planting where bolting is a serious problem. ‘NuMex BR1’ may be planted 10 days earlier than other Yellow Grano-type cultivars. The early planting facilitates stand establishment, and the large over-wintering plants sustain relatively low v/inter plants loss (4). On fields heavily infested with P. terrestris, the early planting results in increased yields. With large over-wintering plants and rapid plant development in the late winter and early spring, the early-planted onions attain large size before pink root becomes a serious problem. P. terrestris has a high temperature optimum (about 28°C) (2) and is relatively inactive in cold soils.
Validation of the UNICEF fiscal diagnostic tool for SDGs 6.1 and 6.2 in East and Southern Africa using the analytical hierarchy process (AHP)
Authors: Godfrey Samuel , Wambugu Mary , Parikh Priti , Tunhuma Farai 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The UN High Level Panel on Water notes that a total annual capital expenditure (CAPEX) of $114 billion of $129 billion is required globally to meet the safe drinking water and sanitation targets 1 and 2 of Sustainable Development Goal 6 (SDG 6). Annual operation and maintenance expenditure (OPEX) will increase, averaging $129 billion by 2030. In Sub-Saharan Africa, $36 billion is required and UNICEF estimates $15 billion is required to meet these targets in 21 countries in East and Southern Africa. Currently, only 15% of the financial investments in the sector are accounted for, which falls significantly short of delivering SDG 6. Consequently, innovative finance tools that maximise taxes, tariffs and transfers (3ts) are required to mobilise finances for the region's sector. This paper presents a diagnostic methodology for identifying bankable and blended finance projects in East and Southern Africa's water and sanitation sector. Potential projects were identified in Malawi, Mozambique and Ethiopia. Findings from applying the AHP (analytical hierarchy process) analysis recommend the use of the decision-making tool for prioritisation and selection of water and sanitation projects in the context of multiple projects requiring blended finance. The methods are applicable to other parts of Sub-Saharan Africa to enhance project pipelines whose collective cost and revenue mitigate investment risk.
Employees’ Experiences of Accepting and Adopting HR Analytics: A Phenomenology Study
Authors: Saxena Mansi , Bagga Teena , Gupta Sangeeta , Mittal Amit 
Published: September 2022

Purpose:
The growing and sustaining needs of today’s globalized organizations lead to a quest for competitive advantages through 3R’s: Reframing, Repositioning, and Reinventing. The current research suggests that these mutations initiate changes and provocations in almost every segment of working culture, fostering mutation for the complete organization leaving employees to accept and act. The study aims to focus on the employee experiences and the implications during the acceptance and adoption of HR analytics.

Design/Methodology/Approach:
Using a qualitative approach, a life-world phenomenology study with 22 employees associated with HR activities or decision-making process for employees and practicing change management were interviewed for 24 – 26 weeks before and after adopting HR analytics. The interviews were analyzed and texted, which was directed at evaluating qualitative meanings through a systematic process. It is then clustered and analyzed for defining themes and the purpose of the phenomenon.

Results:The study with the sample shows that HR analytics adoption and acceptance is not a cakewalk. The organization has to prepare its employees to adjust to new technology by supporting, encouraging, training, building the right attitude to bring change, and leading in an impactful manner.

Conclusion:
The adoption and acceptance of HR analytics among its users have various steps and criticalities. The study was conducted to highlight the emotions of employees during the transformative move toward technology adoption and usage that will help the organization develop the right model for initiating the use of HR analytics in the working culture. It provides insights and guidance for promoting ease of acceptance and adoption of HR analytics among its users.