bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Smart Cotton Fabric With Temperature Sensitive Moisture Management Property By An N-Vinylcaprolactam Based Polymer Finishing
Authors: Genç Sena Demirbağ , Aksoy Sennur Alay , Alkan Cemil 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In this study, it was aimed to develop a smart cotton fabric with temperature-sensitive wetting and water vapor permeability management functions. For this purpose, n-vinyl caprolactam (VCL) based poly(2-hydroxyethyl-6-(vinyl amino)hexanoate) (PHEVAH) polymer was synthesized by free radical addition polymerization method. The produced polymer was cross-linked onto the cotton fabrics using 1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylic acid. Before the synthesis, VCL was hydrolyzed with ethylene glycol in toluene to open its ring structure and obtain a new monomer with different functional group and molecular weight. The synthesis of the PHEVAH polymer with average molecular weight of 4000 g/mole was confirmed by 1H-NMR spectroscopy. Its lowest critical solution temperature (LCST) was determined at around 34°C. The surface morphology of the fabrics coated by the polymer were confirmed by SEM images. The temperature-sensitive hydrophilicity and wettability of the fabrics were determined by wetting time and water uptake tests and contact angle measurements. At temperatures above the LCST of the polymer, the hydrophilic character of the fabrics turned to hydrophobic. Their surface contact angles increased and water uptake values decreased. The vapor permeability of the fabrics treated with low concentration polymer was significantly high as compared to untreated fabric. Consequently, the fabrics was able to control water vapor permeability by changing their temperature-dependent hydrophilic/hydrophobic character and porosity resulting from swelling or shrinkage of the polymer molecules. Besides, PHEVAH polymer formed a flexible coating on the fabric surface and did not increase the bending rigidity of the fabrics.
Residue behavior and risk assessment of pyraclostrobin and tebuconazole in peppers under different growing conditions
Authors: Zhao Ercheng , Xie Anqi , Wang Dong , Du Xiaoying , Liu Bingjie , Chen Li , He Min , Yu Pingzhong , Jing Junjie 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
To evaluate the residue behavior and risk of pyraclostrobin and tebuconazole in peppers, an analytical method for the determination of these two fungicides in peppers was developed using Ultra-high Performance Liquid Chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). Pepper samples were extracted with acetonitrile, and cleaned up with primary secondary amine (PSA) and graphitized carbon black (GCB). The average recoveries for three fortification levels of pyraclostrobin and tebuconazole in peppers were 86.7-101.4% and 81.7-104.4% with relative standard deviations (RSDs) of 4.0-7.2% and 3.8–10.9%, respectively. The limit of quantifications (LOQs) for the two fungicides in peppers were 0.01 mg/kg. Terminal residue trial of 30% pyraclostrobin and tebuconazole suspension concentrate (SC) on peppers was investigated under open fields and greenhouses conditions. The results showed that the terminal residues of pyraclostrobin and tebuconazole in peppers were lower than the maximum residue limits (MRLs) of peppers established by GB 2763 − 2021 (0.5 mg/kg for pyraclostrobin and 2 mg/kg for tebuconazole). A statistical t-test was used to study the significant difference between open fields and greenhouses, and the results indicated that there is no significant difference between different planting conditions of greenhouses and open fields. Using international estimate of short-term intake (IESTI) calculation model of Joint FAO/WHO Meeting on Pesticide Residues (JMPR), the acute dietary exposure risk of two fungicides in peppers was acceptable for general population with the IESTIs varied from 0–3% of ARfD for pyraclostrobin and 0–5% for tebuconazole.
Genome-Wide Identification and Stress Response Analysis ofCyclophilin Gene Family in apple (Malus domestica)
Authors: Wang Xiao-Fei , Qiao Zhi-Wen , Wang Da-Ru , Wang Xun , You Chun-Xiang 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background Cyclophilin (CYP) belongs to the immunophilin family and posses peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase (PPIase), which catalyzes the cis-trans isomerization process of proline residues. CYPs widely exists in eukaryotes and prokaryotes, and contain a conserved cyclophilin-like domain (CLD), and can be divided into single-domain (SD) CYPs and multi-domain (MD) CYPs. Plant cyclophilins are widely involved in a range of biological processes including stress response, metabolic regulation, and growth and development.Results In this study, thirty cyclophilin genes were identified from the ‘Golden Delicious’ apple (Malus domestica) genome, which were distributed on fifteen chromosomes. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that MdCYPs were divided into three clades with six kinds of distinct subcellular localizations. Collinear analysis showed that ten gene pairs were segmental duplication. Gene structure and protein structure also further supported the results of phylogenetic tree and collinearity analysis. The expression of MdCYPs in different organs showed a certain regularity, and it was higher in leaves, flowers and fruits. Ten and eight CYPs responded to drought and salt stress, respectively. MdCYP16, a nuclear-localized MD CYP, was screened from the intersection of the two expression profiling data and was highly sensitive to drought and salt stress. The GUS staining results of transgenic Arabidopsis indicated that MdCYP16 was involved in the regulation of abiotic stress.Conclusions This study systematically analyzed the apple cyclophilin family and confirmed the involvement of MdCYP16 as a nuclear-localized MD cyclophilin in response to salt and drought stress in apple. Our work fills the gap in the study of apple cyclophilin gene family, provides an important theoretical basis for in-depth study of cyclophilin function, and provides more candidate genes for stress response research in apple.
Structure-forming CAG/CTG repeats interfere with gap repair to cause repeat expansions and chromosome breaks
Authors: Polleys Erica , Priore Isabella Del , Mejia Marjorie de la Rosa , Haber James , Freudenreich Catherine 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Expanded CAG/CTG repeats are sites of DNA damage, leading to changes in repeat length. To determine how ssDNA gap filling affects repeat instability, we inserted (CAG)70 or (CTG)70 repeats into a single-strand annealing (SSA) assay system such that resection and filling in the ssDNA gap would occur across the repeat tract. After resection, when the CTG sequence was the single-stranded template for fill-in synthesis, repeat contractions were elevated and the ssDNA created a fragile site that led to large deletions involving flanking homologous sequences. In contrast, resection was inhibited when CTG was on the resected strand, resulting in repeat expansions. Deleting Rad9, the ortholog of 53BP1, rescued repeat instability and lost viability by increasing resection and fill-in speed. Deletion of Rad51 increased CTG contractions and decreased survival, implicating Rad51 in protecting ssDNA during gap filling. Taken together, DNA sequence within a single-stranded gap determines repair kinetics, fragility, and repeat instability.
Quantized Compressive Sensing Video Compression Framework for Low Power Applications
Authors: Mohani Syed Sheraz Ul Hasan , Ebrahim Mansoor , Raza Kamran , Adil Syed Hasan , Ali Syed Saad Azhar 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Compressive sensing is an approach to reduce the acquired signal dimension with a sampling rate lower than the Nyquist rate. This is achieved by incorporating suitable quantization techniques, such as scalar quantization, to compensate for the low sampling rate. However, quantization of small compressive sensing measurements does not perform well in terms of rate-distortion. This paper presents an adaptive variant of differential pulse code modulation coupled with scalar quantization for quantizing and de-quantizing the compressive sensing measurements of videos. The proposed adaptive approach along with scalar quantization allows reduction of the necessary bandwidth and provides a higher prediction gain than the conventional differential pulse code modulation. The performance of the proposed approach is validated by integrating with various compressive sensing reconstruction schemes and compared with the conventional video codec approach. The reconstructed video frames' visual quality using the proposed approach was also tested based on SSIM metric. The experimental result shows that the proposed scheme provides substantial gain over uniform scalar quantization, and scalar quantization with differential pulse code modulation at various compressive sensing measurements bitrates for different video sequences. When compared with conventional video compression schemes (containing side information at the encoder), the proposed Quantized CS approach shows notable improvements in reconstruction quality when compared with conventional video codecs at lower bitrates. In sum, the proposed methodology could contribute to benefit various battery powered application of visual sensor network in terms of low data processing, less power consumption and minimum memory utilization etc.
Novel pathogenetic factor of laryngeal hereditary angioedema attack: Involvement of Protease Activated Receptor 1
Authors: Farkas Henriette , Máj Csilla , Kenessey István , Sebestyén Anna , Krencz Ildikó , Pápay Judit , Cervenak László 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is a rare, life-threatening disease. The knowledge about the molecular pathogenesis of HAE has derived mainly from investigating blood samples. However, limited data are available on the role of the molecular mechanisms in the affected tissues during HAE attack. Objective: The aim of our study was to explore the histological changes occurring in HAE attacks.Methods: Post mortem macro-, microscopic and immunohistological assessment of upper airway tissues of a patient with HAE due to C1 inhibitor deficiency (C1-INH-HAE) type 2 who died from laryngeal HAE attack was compared with a non-HAE patient who died from other condition without any signs of angioedema. Results: Compared to the control patient, we demonstrated stronger T cell/monocyte infiltration and a more intense C1-INH staining in the C1-INH-HAE patient. The expression of both bradykinin receptors (B1/B2) was observed with a slightly lower level in the C1-INH-HAE patient than in the control patient. PAR1 expression was strongly reduced in the C1-INH-HAE patient suggesting overactivation of this hyperpermeability inducing receptor. Conclusion: Our unique case and novel results correspond to the knowledge about C1-INH and BDKRs observed in plasma; however, it revealed new information about the pathomechanism of HAE attack focusing on the potential involvement of PAR1 in edema formation. This observation may designate a new therapeutic target in HAE.
Enhancing Adults’ Maltese Language Learning Through an App Powered by Game and Mobile-Based Learning
Authors: Żammit Jacqueline 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Adult brains are more implicit, lack neuroplasticity and hence, are less capable of change and new learning than children, who have a sponge-like approach to acquiring knowledge and information, making learning a second language (L2) more challenging in adulthood. In the digital era, game and mobile-based learning are fundamental tools for assisting adults to acquire an L2. The EULALIA (Enhancing University Language courses with an App powered by game-based Learning and tangible user Interfaces Activities) project aimed to enhance the learning methodologies of four university language courses for Erasmus students in Italy, Malta, Poland and Spain by developing innovative and effective learning tools based on mobile and game-based learning paradigms, and the use of tangible user interfaces. This study focuses on Malta by providing an in-depth view of the impact of game-based applications on enhancing international adult learning of Maltese as a second language (ML2). The findings are set to encourage international adult students in learning ML2 through the game-based application to aid in increasing cultural awareness and better communication with the locals. As part of the methodology, pre-surveys and post-surveys were used on a test group comprising of 28 pre-surveyed and nine post-surveyed ML2 adult learners who used the app, and a reference group of 24 pre-surveyed and 23 post-surveyed ML2 learners who did not. The results revealed that game-based learning improved cognitive function since the learners were more engaged in language activities, thereby promoting the ability to process and absorb a wider range of information.
Review of Organizational Set up for Forest Conservation and Related Issues in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan: A case study of Swat Valley
Authors: Nafees Mohammad , Ilyas Syed Zafar , hassan ather , Khan Arif 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This study was conducted during 2018-19 after the implementation of the 18th constitutional amendments, under which provincial government was given autonomy. The objective of the study was an attempt to address institutional problems concerning environmental protection and forest resource conservation. The various aspects highlighted include legislation, organization setup (governmental and non-governmental organization), and public involvement in the form of social institutions and code of conduct related to environment and forest resource conservation. Different organizations related to forest conservation, including Forest, Agriculture, Soil conservation, Fishery, and Environment were visited and the officials were interviewed for different ongoing activities, cooperation from the community, and other related departments. It was observed that environmental protection and forest conservation efforts were weak, which can be attributed to varying and complex institutional interactions. These include the availability of funds, manpower, and cooperation and coordination among different organizations. Public involvement was observed as negligible, due to which both, governmental and non-governmental organizations are working in isolation, affecting environmental and forest conservation measures negatively.
RIS-Assisted Multi-User MIMO-DQSM Transmission System
Authors: Castillo-Soria Francisco R. , Kumaravelu Vinoth Babu , Azurdia-Meza Cesar A. , Sim´on Jorge , Gutierrez Carlos , Puerto-Flores J.A. Del 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This paper presents a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) assisted multi-user (MU) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system. Instead of being applied at the remote RIS, the phase shift vector is applied at the base station (BS) by using an additional precoding stage. The overall system performance is improved by incorporating a double quadrature spatial modulation (DQSM) transmission technique. Results show that the proposed system has gains of up to 17 dB in bit error rate (BER) and a reduction in detection complexity of 51% when compared with the conventional MU-MIMO system based on spatial multiplexing (SMux). Compared with a similar system based on amplify and forward (AF) relay-assisted technique, the proposed system has up to 18 dB gain in BER performance under the same conditions and parameters. Mainly, the proposed system significantly reduces the signal processing required at the RIS.
Femtosecond Laser Hierarchical Surface Restructuring for Next Generation Neural Interfacing Electrodes and Microelectrode Arrays
Authors: Amini Shahram , Seche Wesley , May Nicholas , Choi Hongbin , Tavousi Pouya , Shahbazmohamadi Sina 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Long-term implantable neural interfacing devices are able to diagnose, monitor, and treat many cardiac, neurological, retinal and hearing disorders through nerve stimulation, as well as sensing and recording electrical signals to and from neural tissue. To improve specificity, functionality, and performance of these devices, the electrodes and microelectrode arrays – that are the basis of most emerging devices – must be further miniaturized and must possess exceptional electrochemical performance and charge exchange characteristics with neural tissue. In this report, we show for the first time that the electrochemical performance of femtosecond-laser hierarchically-restructured electrodes can be tuned to yield unprecedented performance values that significantly exceed those reported in the literature, e.g. charge storage capacity and specific capacitance were shown to have improved by two orders of magnitude and over 700-fold, respectively, compared to un-restructured electrodes. Additionally, correlation amongst laser parameters, electrochemical performance and surface parameters of the electrodes was established, and while performance metrics exhibit a relatively consistent increasing behavior with laser parameters, surface parameters tend to follow a less predictable trend negating a direct relationship between these surface parameters and performance. To answer the question of what drives such performance and tunability, and whether the widely adopted reasoning of increased surface area and roughening of the electrodes are the key contributors to the observed increase in performance, cross-sectional analysis of the electrodes using focused ion beam shows, for the first time, the existence of subsurface features that may have contributed to the observed electrochemical performance enhancements. This report is the first time that such performance enhancement and tunability are reported for femtosecond-laser hierarchically-restructured electrodes for neural interfacing applications.
Emergency management decision of urban rainstorm and flood disasters based on similar cases analysis
Authors: Wen Li , Rengui Jiang , Jiancang Xie , Yong Zhao , Jiwei Zhu , Siyu Yang 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Under the background of global climate change and the rapid development of urbanization, the urban extreme precipitation events, urban rainstorm and flood disasters occur frequently, and flood disaster losses are serious. How to make decision support service is the key problem of emergency management of urban rainstorm and flood disasters. In consideration of the existing problems in the emergency management decision-making of urban rainstorm and flood disasters in China, this paper put forward the decision-making method of urban rainstorm and flood disasters emergency management based on similar cases analysis method. According to the evolution process of urban rainstorm and flood disasters, the attribute system of urban rainstorm and flood disasters was established. Entropy weight method was used to calculate the weights of problem attributes. The case-based reasoning method was used to calculate the similarities of problem attribute eigenvalues between the target case and the historical cases. According to the problem attribute weights and attribute similarities, the global similarity was determined. The case-based decision theory method was used to calculate the similarities between the target case and the historical cases. According to the comprehensive evaluation values of the alternative cases, the optimal alternative cases were determined. The methods proposed were further verified using typical urban rainstorm and flood disaster events in Xi'an city as an example. Results show that: the case-based reasoning method was used to obtain the highest similarity of historical case P3, the case-based decision theory method was used to obtain similar case set {P3, P4}. By comparing the calculation results of the case-based reasoning method and the case-based decision theory method, the case-based decision theory method is more suitable for the optimization of urban rainstorm and flood disaster emergency plans. The research results can provide scientific basis for emergency management of urban rainstorm and flood disasters.
The Jasmonic Acid Signaling Pathway Plays an Important Role in Ziziphus jujuba Resistance to Apolygus lucorum
Authors: Li Qingliang , Yin Zujun , Tan Wei , Sun Xia , Cao Hui , Wang Deya 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Apolygus lucorum is a polyphagous herbivore that has become a major pest in China. Jujube (Ziziphus jujuba) is the main host of A. lucorum. However, better insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying the jujube defense response to A. lucorum is needed. Here, we investigated the resistance of resistant (winter jujube) and sensitive varieties (wild jujube) to A. lucorum. Changes in the transcriptome, jasmonic acid (JA) and salicylic acid (SA) contents and the expression of genes involved in signaling pathways in different jujube varieties were monitored. The preference of A. lucorum for jujube with exogenous SA and methyl jasmonate (MeJA) was examined. Wild jujube showed more resistance and nonselectivity to A. lucorum. RNA-seq analysis showed that 438 and 796 transcripts were differentially expressed in winter jujube and wild jujube leaves infested by A. lucorum. Enrichment analysis showed that more genes in JA pathways were upregulated and more genes in SA pathways were downregulated. A. lucorum increased the JA content and decreased the salicylic acid content. This was confirmed by the alterations of gene expression in the related signaling pathways. MeJA in jujube leaves showed an obvious repellent effect on A. lucorum. Consistently, the contents of jasmonic acid and salicylic acid in winter jujube were lower than those in wild jujube leaves. The present data indicated that A. lucorum infestation of jujube plants induced the JA pathway and suppressed the SA pathway. JA in jujube leaves played an important role in repelling and basic defense against A. lucorum.
Comparative assessment of future solar power potential based on CMIP5 and CMIP6 multi-model ensembles
Authors: Ha Subin , Zhou Zixuan , Im Eun-Soon , Lee Young-Mi 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
While the popularity and feasibility of solar power have increased progressively toward achieving a low-carbon and climate-resilient society, it is uncertain how changes in climate attributes induced by global warming will affect the future potential of solar power output. This study presents a comparative assessment of future changes in solar power in terms of the technology for harnessing energy from insolation [photovoltaic power (PVP) versus concentrated solar power (CSP)], different phases of climate projections (CMIP5 versus CMIP6), and low versus high emission scenarios. Both CMIP5 and CMIP6 multi-model projections are able to capture the major characteristics of the global distribution seen in PVP and CSP derived from reanalysis data during the historical period. However, despite the general similarity to CMIP5-based results, CMIP6 models outperform their CMIP5 counterparts slightly regarding quantitative metrics and enhance the robustness of the future change signal estimated by the statistical significance as well as the inter-model consistency. The future changes in PVP and CSP patterns are sensitive to the emission scenarios that can control the degree of warming. Under the fossil-fueled development scenarios, the greater increase in temperatures may lead to a high vulnerability of the solar power supply by reducing the output of both PVP and CSP. This study is timely and relevant to emphasizing the benefits of climate change mitigation, which can support the sustainable development of solar energy potential.