bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Uterine torsion as an elusive obstetrical emergency in pregnancy: is there an association between gravid uterus torsion and Ehlers–Danlos syndrome?: a case report
Authors: Ghalandarpoor-Attar Seyedeh Noushin , Ghalandarpoor-Attar Seyedeh Mojgan 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Timely diagnosis of uterine torsion can lead to acceptable maternal and fetal outcomes. This article presents the case of a 42-year-old pregnant woman, diagnosed with a rare 270° uterine torsion, in whom proper management led to good maternal outcomes but, unfortunately, severe prematurity and metabolic acidosis led to neonatal death. Moreover, the mother was clinically suspected for Ehlers–Danlos syndrome.

Case presentation
In December 2020, a 42-year-old pregnant Iranian woman, Gravid 3 para2 live2, at 30 weeks of gestation presented to the obstetric emergency department of Vali-Asr Hospital (Birjand, Iran) suffering from acute severe generalized abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and dizziness while she was hemodynamically unstable. After resuscitation, owing to persistent fetal bradycardia on fetal heart rate monitoring, she underwent an emergency cesarean section. Infra-umbilical midline skin incision was made, and when the abdominal cavity was opened, owing to abnormal appearance of the uterus, we further investigated the abdominopelvic cavity. Surprisingly, the uterus was dextrorotated by 270°. After uterine detorsion through a Kerr incision, a nonvigorous male baby was born with severe metabolic acidosis that led to his death soon after birth. Interestingly, we could find no predisposing factors such as pelvic abnormalities during surgery. Nevertheless, as her postoperative detailed physical examination revealed skin hyperextensibility, joint laxity, pelvic organ prolapse, and trivial exophthalmos, connective tissue disorders, mainly Ehlers–Danlos syndrome, were suspected. Unfortunately, for significant financial, cultural, and religious reasons, the patient refused to undergo further investigations. Additionally, despite severe congested uterus and subsequent uterine atony, timely diagnosis and anatomical correction of the gravid uterus before uterine incision prevented iatrogenic complications. The mother was discharged 2 days later without any postpartum complications.

Conclusion
Although uterine torsion is an extremely rare condition during pregnancy, based on severe associated maternal and perinatal complications, it is important to take this diagnosis into consideration as an differential diagnosis. Moreover, connective tissue disorders seem to be a potential risk factor for uterine torsion, although further studies on this subject are required.
Epigenetic therapy targeting bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells for age-related bone diseases
Authors: Zhao Yi , He Jiawei , Qiu Tao , Zhang Haoyu , Liao Li , Su Xiaoxia 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAs global aging accelerates, the prevention and treatment of age-related bone diseases are becoming a critical issue. In the process of senescence, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) gradually lose the capability of self-renewal and functional differentiation, resulting in impairment of bone tissue regeneration and disorder of bone tissue homeostasis. Alteration in epigenetic modification is an essential factor of BMSC dysfunction during aging. Its transferability and reversibility provide the possibility to combat BMSC aging by reversing age-related modifications. Emerging evidence demonstrates that epigenetic therapy based on aberrant epigenetic modifications could alleviate the senescence and dysfunction of stem cells. This review summarizes potential therapeutic targets for BMSC aging, introduces some potential approaches to alleviating BMSC aging, and analyzes its prospect in the clinical application of age-related bone diseases.
Meniscus repair: up-to-date advances in stem cell-based therapy
Authors: Bian Yixin , Wang Han , Zhao Xiuli , Weng Xisheng 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe meniscus is a semilunar fibrocartilage between the tibia and femur that is essential for the structural and functional integrity of the keen joint. In addition to pain and knee joint dysfunction, meniscus injuries can also lead to degenerative changes of the knee joint such as osteoarthritis, which further affect patient productivity and quality of life. However, with intrinsic avascular property, the tearing meniscus tends to be nonunion and the augmentation of post-injury meniscus repair has long time been a challenge. Stem cell-based therapy with potent regenerative properties has recently attracted much attention in repairing meniscus injuries, among which mesenchymal stem cells were most explored for their easy availability, trilineage differentiation potential, and immunomodulatory properties. Here, we summarize the advances and achievements in stem cell-based therapy for meniscus repair in the last 5 years. We also highlight the obstacles before their successful clinical translation and propose some perspectives for stem cell-based therapy in meniscus repair.
The assessment of mesenchymal stem cells therapy in acute on chronic liver failure and chronic liver disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials
Authors: Liu Yuwei , Dong Yutong , Wu Xiaojing , Xu Xiaotong , Niu Junqi 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) therapy is showing potential therapeutic effects on liver function improvement in patients with chronic liver disease; however, the consensus on efficacy and safety of MSCs has not been reached.

Methods
We performed this systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to evaluate the efficacy and safety of MSCs therapy for patients with chronic liver disease. A detailed search of the Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, Web of Science, and EMBASE databases was conducted to find studies published prior to September 15, 2021. The outcome measures were survival rate, model of end-stage liver disease (MELD) score, albumin, total bilirubin, coagulation function, and aminotransferase.

Results
A literature search resulted in 892 citations. Of these, 12 studies met the inclusion criteria. It was found that compared with conventional treatment, MSCs therapy was associated with improved liver function including the MELD score, albumin levels, and coagulation function. However, it had no obvious beneficial effects on survival rate and aminotransferase levels. Subgroup analyses indicated that MSCs therapy had therapeutic effects on patients with both acute on chronic liver failure (ACLF) and cirrhosis. BM-MSCs and UC-MSCs treatment had similar efficacy to improve liver function. The effectiveness varied slightly between the peripheral intravenous injection and hepatic arterial injection. Five studies reported that the only adverse event of the MSCs therapy was fever, and no serious adverse events and side effects were reported. Analysis on clinical symptoms showed that encephalopathy and gastrointestinal hemorrhage events were reduced after MSCs therapy.

Conclusions
In conclusion, this study suggested that MSCs therapy could be a potential therapeutic alternative for patients with chronic liver disease in clinical practice.
Comparing the effect of bone marrow mono-nuclear cells with mesenchymal stem cells after acute myocardial infarction on improvement of left ventricular function: a meta-analysis of clinical trials
Authors: Hosseinpour Alireza , Kheshti Fatemeh , Kazemi Asma , Attar Armin 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
The effect of transplantation of bone-marrow mononuclear cells (BM-MNCs) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on ejection fraction (LVEF) has been studied in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in clinical trials. This raises the question that which type of cell may help improve LVEF better in AMI patients. No meta-analysis of clinical trials has yet addressed this question.

Methods
Electronic databases were searched thoroughly to find eligible trials on the effects of transplantation of BM-MNCs and MSCs in patients with AMI. The primary outcome was improvement in LVEF. Data were synthesized using random-effects meta-analysis. For maximizing the credibility of subgroup analysis, we used the instrument for assessing the Credibility of Effect Modification of Analyses (ICEMAN) for meta-analyses.

Results
A total of 36 trials (26 on BM-MNCs and 10 on MSCs) with 2489 patients (1466 were transplanted [1241 with BM-MNCs and 225 with MSCs] and 1023 as controls) were included. Both types of cells showed significant improvements in ejection fraction in short-term follow-up (BM-MNCs: WMD = 2.13%, 95% CI = 1.23 to 3.04, p < 0.001; MSCs: WMD = 3.71%, 95% CI = 2.32 to 5.09, p < 0.001), and according to ICEMAN criteria, MSCs are more effective. For selected population of patients who received stem cell transplantation in early course after AMI (less than 11 days), this effect was even more pronounced (BM-MNC: WMD = 3.07%, 95% CI = 1.97 to 4.17, p < 0.001, I2 = 40.7%; MSCs: WMD = 5.65%, 95% CI = 3.47 to 7.84, p < 0.001, I2 = 84.6%).

Conclusion
Our results showed that transplantation of MSCs after AMI might increase LVEF more than BM-MNCs; also, based on ICEMAN, there was likely effect modification between subgroups although uncertainty still remained.
Human integrin α10β1-selected mesenchymal stem cells home to cartilage defects in the rabbit knee and assume a chondrocyte-like phenotype
Authors: Andersen Camilla , Uvebrant Kristina , Mori Yuki , Aarsvold Stacie , Jacobsen Stine , Berg Lise Charlotte , Lundgren-Åkerlund Evy , Lindegaard Casper 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have shown promising results in stimulating cartilage repair and in the treatment of osteoarthritis (OA). However, the fate of the MSCs after intra-articular injection and their role in cartilage regeneration is not clear. To address these questions, this study investigated (1) homing of labeled human adipose tissue derived integrin α10β1-selected MSCs (integrin α10-MSCs) to a cartilage defect in a rabbit model and (2) the ability of the integrin α10-MSCs to differentiate to chondrocytes and to produce cartilage matrix molecules in vivo.

Design
Integrin α10-MSCs were labeled with superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) co-conjugated with Rhodamine B to allow visualization by both MRI and fluorescence microscopy. A cartilage defect was created in the articular cartilage of the intertrochlear groove of the femur of rabbits. Seven days post-surgery, labeled integrin α10-MSCs or vehicle were injected into the joint. Migration and distribution of the SPION-labeled integrin α10-MSCs was evaluated by high-field 9.4 T MRI up to 10 days after injection. Tissue sections from the repair tissue in the defects were examined by fluorescence microscopy.

Results
In vitro characterization of the labeled integrin α10-MSCs demonstrated maintained viability, proliferation rate and trilineage differentiation capacity compared to unlabeled MSCs. In vivo MRI analysis detected the labeled integrin α10-MSCs in the cartilage defects at all time points from 12 h after injection until day 10 with a peak concentration between day 1 and 4 after injection. The labeled MSCs were also detected lining the synovial membrane at the early time points. Fluorescence analysis confirmed the presence of the labeled integrin α10-MSCs in all layers of the cartilage repair tissue and showed co-localization between the labeled cells and the specific cartilage molecules aggrecan and collagen type II indicating in vivo differentiation of the MSCs to chondrocyte-like cells. No adverse effects of the α10-MSC treatment were detected during the study period.

Conclusion
Our results demonstrated migration and homing of human integrin α10β1-selected MSCs to cartilage defects in the rabbit knee after intra-articular administration as well as chondrogenic differentiation of the MSCs in the regenerated cartilage tissue.
The ability of Oxygen Reserve Index® to detect hyperoxia in critically ill patients
Authors: de Courson Hugues , Julien-Laferrière Thomas , Georges Delphine , Boyer Philippe , Verchère Eric , Biais Matthieu 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Hyperoxia is associated with increased morbidity and mortality in the intensive care unit. Classical noninvasive measurements of oxygen saturation with pulse oximeters are unable to detect hyperoxia. The Oxygen Reserve Index (ORI) is a continuous noninvasive parameter provided by a multi-wave pulse oximeter that can detect hyperoxia. Primary objective was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the ORI for detecting arterial oxygen tension (PaO2) > 100 mmHg in neurocritical care patients. Secondary objectives were to test the ability of ORI to detect PaO2 > 120 mmHg and the ability of pulse oximetry (SpO2) to detect PaO2 > 100 mmHg and PaO2 > 120 mmHg.

Methods
In this single-center study, we collected ORI and arterial blood samples every 6 h for 3 consecutive days. Diagnostic performance was estimated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC).

Results
There were 696 simultaneous measurements of ORI and PaO2 in 62 patients. Considering the repeated measurements, the correlation between ORI and PaO2 was r = 0.13. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC), obtained to test the ability of ORI to detect PaO2 > 100 mmHg, was 0.567 (95% confidence interval = 0.566–0.569) with a sensitivity of 0.233 (95%CI = 0.230–0.235) and a specificity of 0.909 (95%CI = 0.907–0.910). The AUROC value obtained to test the ability of SpO2 to detect a PaO2 > 100 mmHg was 0.771 (95%CI = 0.770–0.773) with a sensitivity of 0.715 (95%CI = 0.712–0.718) and a specificity of 0.700 (95%CI = 0.697–0.703). The diagnostic performance of ORI and SpO2 for detecting PaO2 > 120 mmHg was AUROC = 0.584 (95%CI = 0.582–0.586) and 0.764 (95%CI = 0.762–0.766), respectively. The AUROC obtained for SpO2 was significantly higher than that for ORI (p < 0.01). Diagnostic performance was not affected by sedation, norepinephrine infusion, arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide, hemoglobin level and perfusion index.

Conclusion
In a specific population of brain-injured patients hospitalized in a neurointensive care unit, our results suggest that the ability of ORI to diagnose hyperoxia is relatively low and that SpO2 provides better detection.
Accurate visual localization with semantic masking and attention
Authors: Li Tunan , Zhan Zhaohuan , Tan Guang 
Published: May 2022

AbstractVisual localization is the task of accurate camera pose estimation within a scene and is a crucial technique for computer vision and robotics. Among the various approaches, relative pose estimation has gained increasing interest because it can generalize to new scenes. This approach learns to regress relative pose between image pairs. However, unreliable regions that contain objects such as the sky, persons, or moving cars are often present in real images, causing noise and interference to localization. In this paper, we propose a novel relative pose estimation pipeline to address the problem. The pipeline features a semantic masking module and an attention module. The two modules help suppress interfering information from unreliable regions, while at the same time emphasizing important features with an attention mechanism. Experiment results show that our framework outperforms alternative methods in the accuracy of camera pose prediction in all scenes.
An overview of machine learning and other data-based methods for spatial audio capture, processing, and reproduction
Authors: Cobos Maximo , Ahrens Jens , Kowalczyk Konrad , Politis Archontis 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe domain of spatial audio comprises methods for capturing, processing, and reproducing audio content that contains spatial information. Data-based methods are those that operate directly on the spatial information carried by audio signals. This is in contrast to model-based methods, which impose spatial information from, for example, metadata like the intended position of a source onto signals that are otherwise free of spatial information. Signal processing has traditionally been at the core of spatial audio systems, and it continues to play a very important role. The irruption of deep learning in many closely related fields has put the focus on the potential of learning-based approaches for the development of data-based spatial audio applications. This article reviews the most important application domains of data-based spatial audio including well-established methods that employ conventional signal processing while paying special attention to the most recent achievements that make use of machine learning. Our review is organized based on the topology of the spatial audio pipeline that consist in capture, processing/manipulation, and reproduction. The literature on the three stages of the pipeline is discussed, as well as on the spatial audio representations that are used to transmit the content between them, highlighting the key references and elaborating on the underlying concepts. We reflect on the literature based on a juxtaposition of the prerequisites that made machine learning successful in domains other than spatial audio with those that are found in the domain of spatial audio as of today. Based on this, we identify routes that may facilitate future advancement.
Delivering an off-grid transition to sustainable energy in Ethiopia and Mozambique
Authors: Gebreslassie Mulualem G. , Cuvilas Carlos , Zalengera Collen , To Long Seng , Baptista Idalina , Robin Enora , Bekele Getachew , Howe Lorraine , Shenga Carlos , Macucule Domingos A. , Kirshner Joshua , Mulugetta Yacob , Power Marcus , Robinson Sandy , Jones David , Castán Broto Vanesa 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Off-grid and decentralized energy systems have emerged as an alternative to facilitate energy access and resilience in a flexible, adaptable way, particularly for communities that do not have reliable access to centralized energy networks both in rural and urban areas. Much research to date on community energy systems has focused on their deployment in Europe and North America. This paper advances these debates by looking at how community energy systems can support energy transitions in Africa. Specifically, it asks: what role can community energy systems play in the energy transition in East and Southern Africa?

Results
This article investigates the potential for community energy to foster sustainable and just energy transitions in two countries in East and Southern Africa, namely Ethiopia and Mozambique. To do so, it explores transformations in Ethiopia and Mozambique’s energy systems through the lens of energy landscapes. This concept enables us to situate energy transitions within recent developments in energy governance and to understand current and future possibilities for change through the involvement of communities that currently lack access to reliable and clean energy. Our results show that when countries face the prospects of lucrative energy investments in natural gas or large hydropower, renewables are often deprioritized. Their suitability to address energy challenges and access gaps is de-emphasized, even though there is little evidence that investment in large-scale generation can handle the energy needs of the most disadvantaged groups. Initiatives and policies supporting community-focused renewable energy have remained limited in both countries. They tend to be designed from the top-down and focused on rural areas when they exist.

Conclusions
Energy transitions in Ethiopia and Mozambique, and many other countries with significant gaps in access to centralized energy systems, require putting inclusivity at the forefront to ensure that energy policies and infrastructure support the well-being of society as a whole. As long as investments in off-grid energy continue to depend on international organizations’ goodwill or development aid programs outside the ambit of national energy plans, energy access gaps will remain unaddressed, and there will not be a genuine and just transition to sustainable energy.
Effects of long-term nitrogen addition on the δ15N and δ13C of Larix gmelinii and soil in a boreal forest
Authors: Liu Guancheng , Yin Zhiwei , Yan Guoyong , Liu Shuang , Wang Xiaochun , Xing Yajuan , Wang Qinggui 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Natural abundance of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) stable isotope ratios (δ13C and δ15N) has been used to indicate the state and cycle of ecosystem C and N. However, it is still unclear how C and N cycle of boreal forests respond to the N deposition.

Results
We conducted an 8-year continuous N addition field experiment in a Larix gmelinii forest in Greater Khingan Mountains, Northeast China. Four N treatments (0, 25, 50, 75 kg N ha−1 year−1) were built. The effects of N addition on the δ13C and δ15N of needle, branch, bark, and fine root of Larix gmelinii and soil were studied. The result of the balance between the N input and output flux showed that N addition significantly increased the δ15N in each organ of Larix gmelinii, but did not change the δ15N of soil. We also found that the N absorption by needles of Larix gmelinii could increase the needle photosynthesis rate and δ13C by increasing carboxylation, but N addition had no significant effect on the δ13C of soil and other organs. In addition, both the soil δ15N and δ13C increased with the soil depth.

Conclusions
Long-term N addition may lead to more open C and N cycles and further affect plant nutrient acquisition strategies in boreal forest ecosystems.
Spline-based specimen shape optimization for robust material model calibration
Authors: Chapelier Morgane , Bouclier Robin , Passieux Jean-Charles 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIdentification from field measurements allows several parameters to be identified from a single test, provided that the measurements are sensitive enough to the parameters to be identified. To do this, authors use empirically defined geometries (with holes, notches...). The first attempts to optimize the specimen to maximize the sensitivity of the measurement are linked to a design space that is either very small (parametric optimization), which does not allow the exploration of very different designs, or, conversely, very large (topology optimization), which sometimes leads to designs that are not regular and cannot be manufactured. In this paper, an intermediate approach based on a non-invasive CAD-inspired optimization strategy is proposed. It relies on the definition of univariate spline Free-Form Deformation boxes to reduce the design space and thus regularize the problem. Then, from the modeling point of view, a new objective function is proposed that takes into account the experimental setup and constraint functions are added to ensure that the gain is real and the shape physically sound. Several examples show that with this method and at low cost, one can significantly improve the identification of constitutive parameters without changing the experimental setup.