bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Moringa Oleifera leaf extract induced pulmonary embolism-a case report
Authors: Ebhohon Ebehiwele , Miller Dwayvania 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
M. oleifera leaf extract supplement is famous for its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, antifertility, anticancer, antihepatotoxic, and antiulcer properties. However, limited data exist on the coagulation effect of M. oleifera leaf extract in human plasma, which maybe a predisposing factor to venous thromboembolism (DVT and PE); a disorder that is well known to be induced by risk factors such as surgery, trauma, cancer, or prolonged immobility.

Case presentation
We report a case of a 63-year-old Hispanic female with past medical history of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus who presented to the emergency room with a three-day history of worsening shortness of breath and chest pain. Computerized tomography-pulmonary angiogram (CT-PA) revealed bilateral pulmonary embolism (PE) and right ventricle strain. Based on CT imaging findings, the absence of a major transient risk factor for venous thromboembolism (VTE), no history suggestive of an underlying hypercoagulable disorder, and a medication history that was significant for a recent 5-month use of M. oleifera leaf extract that has been reported to induce clot formation, she was diagnosed as a rare case of sub-massive pulmonary embolism provoked by M. oleifera leaf extract supplement. She received initial anticoagulation (AC) during her hospitalization and was discharged on maintenance AC for 3 months.

Discussion and conclusion
We report the first case of PE likely triggered by using Moringa oleifera leaf extract herbal supplement. Cohort studies on the coagulation effect of Moringa oleifera leaf extract in humans are necessary to determine the relationship between Moringa Oleifera leaf extract and VTEs.
Uncarboxylated osteocalcin promotes proliferation and metastasis of MDA-MB-231 cells through TGF-β/SMAD3 signaling pathway
Authors: Xu Jiaojiao , Ma Luyao , Wang Danqing , Yang Jianhong 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most severe type of breast cancer owing to its high heterogeneity, aggressiveness and lack of treatment. Studies have reported that uncarboxylated osteocalcin (GluOC) promotes the development of prostate and other cancers. Studies have also found elevated levels of serum osteocalcin in breast cancer patients with bone metastasis, and serum osteocalcin can be a marker of bone metastasis. However, whether GluOC promotes the development of TNBC and the related mechanisms need to be further clarified.

Results
Our results revealed that GluOC is associated with the proliferation and metastasis of MDA-MB-231 cells. GluOC increased the viability and proliferation of MDA-MB-231 cells. In addition, GluOC enhanced the metastatic ability of MDA-MB-231 cells by promoting the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP2), matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP13), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). We also found that GluOC upregulated the expression of interleukin-8 (IL-8) and parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) genes in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Moreover, the promoting effect of GluOC was reversed in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells treated with specific inhibitor of SMAD3 (SIS3), a SMAD3 phosphorylation inhibitor.

Conclusion
Our research proved for the first time that GluOC facilitates the proliferation and metastasis of MDA-MB-231 cells by accelerating the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)/SMAD3 signaling pathway. Moreover, GluOC also promotes the gene expression of IL-8 and PTHrP. Both IL-8 and PTHrP can act as osteolytic factors in breast cancer cells. This study indicates that GluOC may be a useful target for preventing TNBC bone metastasis.
Multi-trait genomic prediction using in-season physiological parameters increases prediction accuracy of complex traits in US wheat
Authors: Shahi Dipendra , Guo Jia , Pradhan Sumit , Khan Jahangir , AVCI Muhsin , Khan Naeem , McBreen Jordan , Bai Guihua , Reynolds Matthew , Foulkes John , Babar Md Ali 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Recently genomic selection (GS) has emerged as an important tool for plant breeders to select superior genotypes. Multi-trait (MT) prediction model provides an opportunity to improve the predictive ability of expensive and labor-intensive traits. In this study, we assessed the potential use of a MT genomic prediction model by incorporating two physiological traits (canopy temperature, CT and normalized difference vegetation index, NDVI) to predict 5 complex primary traits (harvest index, HI; grain yield, GY; grain number, GN; spike partitioning index, SPI; fruiting efiiciency, FE) using two cross-validation schemes CV1 and CV2.

Results
In this study, we evaluated 236 wheat genotypes in two locations in 2 years. The wheat genotypes were genotyped with genotyping by sequencing approach which generated 27,466 SNPs. MT-CV2 (multi-trait cross validation 2) model improved predictive ability by 4.8 to 138.5% compared to ST-CV1(single-trait cross validation 1). However, the predictive ability of MT-CV1 was not significantly different compared to the ST-CV1 model.

Conclusions
The study showed that the genomic prediction of complex traits such as HI, GN, and GY can be improved when correlated secondary traits (cheaper and easier phenotyping) are used. MT genomic selection could accelerate breeding cycles and improve genetic gain for complex traits in wheat and other crops.
Perioperative coronary artery spasm after off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting in the non-manipulated coronary artery
Authors: Bai Yunpeng , Bai Yiming , Jiang Nan , Chen Qingliang , Guo Zhigang 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Perioperative coronary artery spasm (CAS) following coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is a severe or lethal condition that is rarely reported. In addition, rare cases with CAS following CABG in the non-manipulated coronary artery are angiographically documented in the perioperative period. We aimed to report our experiences on the diagnosis and treatment of a case with CAS following off-pump CABG in the non-manipulated coronary artery.

Methods
A 57-year old male with coronary heart disease and unstable angina willing to undergo CABG was admitted to our department. CABG was recommended as he showed 90% stenosis in distal left anterior descending artery, 90% stenosis in intermediate branch, 90% stenosis in left circumflex coronary artery, as well as 50% stenosis in proximal right coronary artery (RCA).

Results
After CABG, the patient showed Adams–Stokes syndrome and ST-segment elevation. Then CPR was conducted and coronary angiography indicated perioperative CAS in the non-manipulated posterior descending artery. For the treatment, the patient received nitroglycerin injection into the coronary artery by catheter and pumping of diltiazem. Finally, the patient was discharged on day 7 after surgery. A comprehensive literature search was conducted to summarize the studies focused on the diagnosis and treatment of such condition, which indicated that all of the CAS cases occurred in the manipulated vessels, except one study showing CAS in the untouched native coronary artery which was similar with our case.

Conclusions
Perioperative CAS in the non-manipulated coronary artery following CABG is a severe or lethal condition that is rarely reported, which deserves close attention by the clinicians in clinical practice.
Spinal canal infection caused by Streptococcus suis in human: a case report
Authors: Xu Lejia , Wang Xiaoyun , Lei Ziying , Zhu Jianyun , Pang Yihua , Liu Jing 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Streptococcus suis is an emerging zoonotic pathogen that mainly causes meningitis, sepsis, arthritis, endocarditis, and endophthalmitis in human. To the best of our knowledge, Spinal canal infection caused by Streptococcus suis has rarely been reported.

Case presentation
Here we report a case of spinal canal infection caused by Streptococcus suis in a 50-year-old male patient. The patient had a history of close contact with sick pigs days before disease onset. Initially he presented with headache and fever. After admission, the patient began to experience lower back pain, which led physicians to perform a lumber puncture. Meta-genomic next generation sequencing helped identify Streptococcus suis in the cerebrospinal fluid. MRI imaging indicated a spinal canal infection caused by Streptococcus suis.

Conclusions
Spinal canal infection is an uncommon disease of Streptococcus suis infection. This case report indicates that people presented with fever, headache and lower back pain should also be suspected as Streptococcus suis infection, especially for those who have had a history of sick pig contact.
Association of urine phthalate metabolites, bisphenol A levels and serum electrolytes with 24-h blood pressure profile in adolescents
Authors: Yalçin Siddika Songül , Erdal İzzet , Oğuz Berna , Duzova Ali 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Among the possible causes of hypertension in adolescence, electrolyte imbalances and environmental pollutants are drawing increasing attention. We aimed to examine the relationship between bisphenol A (BPA), phthalate metabolites, and serum electrolytes and blood pressure.

Methods
Eighty-six participants aged 12–15 years were included in the study. Body mass index (BMI), office blood pressure and 24-h ambulatory blood pressure measurements (ABPM), and carotid intima-media thickness were determined. Blood samples were taken for hemogram, renal function tests, and serum electrolytes. Free- and total-BPA and phthalate metabolites were analyzed from urine samples.

Results
Of the participants, 34 were evaluated as normal blood pressure profile, 33 as white-coat hypertension (WCHT), and 19 as ABPM-hypertension. Adolescents in ABPM- hypertension groups had higher BMI-standard deviation score (SDS), leucocyte, platelet count; but lower serum chloride, compared to the normal blood pressure profile group. The percentage of adolescents with detectable urinary mono-benzyl phthalate (MBzP) was higher in ABPM-hypertension (42.1%) and WCHT groups (33.3%), compared to the normal blood pressure profile group (5.9%, p = 0.004). Associations between MBzP and ABPM- hypertension and WCHT were remained after confounding factor adjustment. Adolescents with detectable MBzP levels had also higher “albumin-corrected calcium” and lower serum phosphate and “albumin-corrected calcium x phosphate product” compared to others. Adolescents with detectable urinary MBzP levels had higher blood pressure profiles in some 24-h (mean arterial pressure-SDS, systolic blood pressure-SDS), daytime (systolic blood pressure-SDS), and night-time (mean arterial pressure-SDS, systolic blood pressure-SDS, and diastolic blood pressure-SDS) measurements, compared to others. WCHT was found to be associated negatively with monomethyl phthalate and the sum of dibutyl phthalate metabolites and ABPM-HT with MCPP. There was no significant association between blood pressure profiles and free- and total-BPA status.

Conclusion
MBzP was associated with adverse blood pressure profiles in adolescence. Additive follow-up studies are necessary for cause-effect relations.
Factors affecting the mental health of pregnant women using UK maternity services during the COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative interview study
Authors: McKinlay A. R. , Fancourt D. , Burton A. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
People using maternity services in the United Kingdom (UK) have faced significant changes brought on by the COVID-19 pandemic and social distancing regulations. We focused on the experiences of pregnant women using UK maternity services during the pandemic and the impact of social distancing rules on their mental health and wellbeing.

Methods
We conducted 23 qualitative semi-structured interviews from June 2020 to August 2021, with women from across the UK who experienced a pregnancy during the pandemic. Nineteen participants in the study carried their pregnancy to term and four had experienced a miscarriage during the pandemic. Interviews took place remotely over video or telephone call, discussing topics such as mental health during pregnancy and use of UK maternity services. We used reflexive thematic analysis to analyse interview transcripts.

Results
We generated six higher order themes: [1] Some pregnancy discomforts alleviated by social distancing measures, [2] The importance of relationships that support coping and adjustment, [3] Missed pregnancy and parenthood experiences, [4] The mental health consequences of birth partner and visitor restrictions, [5] Maternity services under pressure, and [6] Lack of connection with staff. Many participants felt a sense of loss over a pregnancy experience that differed so remarkably to what they had expected because of the pandemic. Supportive relationships were important to help cope with pregnancy and pandemic-related changes; but feelings of isolation were compounded for some participants because opportunities to build social connections through face-to-face parent groups were unavailable. Participants also described feeling alone due to restrictions on their partners being present when accessing UK maternity services.

Conclusions
Our findings highlight some of the changes that may have affected pregnant women’s mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic. Reduced social support and being unable to have a partner or support person present during maternity service use were the greatest concerns reported by participants in this study. Absence of birth partners removed a protective buffer in times of uncertainty and distress. This suggests that the availability of a birth partner or support person must be prioritised wherever possible in times of pandemics to protect the mental health of people experiencing pregnancy and miscarriage.
The efficacy and acceptability of exposure therapy for the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Huang Tengyue , Li Haomiao , Tan Shiyu , Xie Siyu , Cheng Qisheng , Xiang Yajie , Zhou Xinyu 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is common among children and adolescents who have experienced traumatic events. Exposure therapy (ET) has been shown to be effective in treating PTSD in adults. However, its efficacy remains uncertain in children and adolescents.

Aims
To evaluate the efficacy and acceptability of ET in children and adolescents with PTSD.

Method
We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane, Web of Science, PsycINFO, CINAHL, ProQuest, LILACS, and international trial registries for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessed ET in children and adolescents (aged ≤18 years) with PTSD up to August 31, 2020. The primary outcomes were efficacy (the endpoint score from PTSD symptom severity rating scales) and acceptability (all-cause discontinuation), secondary outcomes included efficacy at follow-up (score from PTSD scales at the longest point of follow-up), depressive symptoms (end-point score on depressive symptom severity rating scales) and quality of life/social functioning (end-point score on quality of life/social functioning rating scales). This study was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42020150859).

Result
A total of 6 RCTs (278 patients) were included. The results showed that ET was statistically more efficacious than control groups (standardized mean differences [SMD]: − 0.47, 95% confidence interval [CI]: − 0.91 to − 0.03). In subgroup analysis, exposure therapy was more efficacious for patients with single type of trauma (SMD: − 1.04, 95%CI: − 1.43 to − 0.65). Patients with an average age of 14 years and older, ET was more effective than the control groups (SMD: − 1.04, 95%CI: − 1.43 to − 0.65), and the intervention using prolonged exposure therapy (PE) (SMD: − 1.04, 95%CI: − 1.43 to − 0.65) was superior than control groups. Results for secondary outcomes of efficacy at follow-up (SMD: − 0.64, 95%CI: − 1.17 to − 0.10) and depressive symptoms (SMD: − 0.58, 95%CI: − 0.93 to − 0.22) were similar to the previous findings for efficacy outcome. No statistically significant effects for acceptability and quality of life/social functioning were found.

Conclusion
ET showed superiority in efficacy at post-treatment/follow-up and depressive symptoms improvement in children and adolescents with PTSD. Patients with single type of trauma may benefit more from ET. And ET is more effective in patients 14 years or older. Moreover, PE could be a better choice.
Epidemiology of gaming disorder and its effect on anxiety and insomnia in Chinese ethnic minority adolescents
Authors: Wei Qiaoyue , Zhang Shengjie , Pan Yuli , Hu Hong , Chen Fenglan , Yin Wenwen , Lin Qinghong , Pan Shuibo , Tham Chingyuan , Wu Junduan 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
The growing popularity and frequency of online game use have resulted in a large number of studies reporting various mental problems associated with game abuse in adolescents. In this article, we examined the prevalence of gaming disorder (GD) and explored the associations of GD with anxiety and insomnia symptoms in minority youth in China.

Methods
A total of 1494 students completed the Problematic Online Gaming Questionnaire Short-Form (POGQ-SF), the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item questionnaire (GAD-7), and Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS). Chi-square and binary logistic regression analyses were used to explore the associations between gaming disorder and anxiety/insomnia.

Results
A total of 356 (23.83%) respondents reported that they had gaming disorder. Chi-square analysis showed that gender, grade, marital status of parents and exercise situation were significantly associated with GD. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that those who had GD were at significantly higher risk for anxiety and insomnia than those without GD.

Conclusion
We found a high incidence of GD and a positive association among anxiety, insomnia and GD. Thus, special attention should be paid to those who have suffered from GD. It is worth addressing the adverse effects of GD on anxiety and insomnia.
Significant reduction of long non-coding RNAs expression in bipolar disorder
Authors: Maloum Zahra , Taheri Mohammad , Ghafouri-Fard Soudeh , Shirvani-Farsani Zeinab 
Published: April 2022

AbstractLong non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been recently emerged as critical modulators of oxidative stress pathway. Likewise, rising evidence currently highlights dysfunction of oxidative stress pathways in bipolar disorder (BD) patients.In the current study, we evaluated the expression levels of H19, SCAL1 (LUCAT1), RMST, MEG3 and MT1DP lncRNAs in the PBMC from 50 patients with BD and 50 control subjects (male/female ratio in each group: 70%/30%). Expression levels of SCAL1, RMST and MEG3 but not H19 and MT1DP were considerably decreased in BD patients compared with healthy individuals. Such significant decrease in the expression of MEG3, RMST and SCAL1 was only reported in male BD patients compared with male controls. Substantial pairwise correlations were observed between expression levels of these lncRNAs in BD subjects. The area under curve values for RMST, MEG3 and SCAL1 were 0.70, 0.63 and 0.61 respectively. On the basis of this finding, RMST had the best efficiency in the discrimination of disease status between BD patients and controls. Taken together, the current results suggest a role for MEG3, RMST and SCAL1 lncRNAs in the pathogenesis of BD. In addition, peripheral expression levels of these lncRNAs might serve as potential peripheral markers for BD.
Prospective association between depressive symptoms and hip fracture and fall among middle-aged and older Chinese individuals
Authors: Zhu Chunsu , Yu Hongyu , Lian Zhiwei , Wang Jianmin 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
The effect of depressive symptoms on hip fracture (HF) and falls among the Chinese population is unclear. This study aims to examine the prospective association between depressive symptoms and HF as well as fall accidents in a nationally representative Chinese population.

Methods
We used data from 10,596 participants in the Chinese Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (from 2011 to 2018) who were aged ≥45 years and had no HFs at baseline. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the 10-item version of the Center for Epidemiological Studied Depression scale (cutoff for distinguishing high versus low at ≥12). Logistic regression analyses adjusted for demographic characteristics, lifestyle factors and physical comorbidities were performed.

Results
For the analysis of baseline depressive symptoms and HF, 399 (3.8%) participants reported HF accidents in the following 7-year period. Individuals with elevated depressive symptoms at baseline experienced a markedly higher HF risk (odds ratio [OR] = 1.33, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.06–1.67) than those without elevated depressive symptoms, after adjusting for a wide range of potential confounders. For the analysis of baseline depressive symptoms and falls, 3974 (37.5%) experienced fall accidents during the follow-up. The presence of elevated depressive symptoms was independently associated with an increased risk of fall events (OR = 1.21, 95% CI = 1.10–1.33). These associations were consistent across multiple characteristics.

Conclusions
In conclusion, elevated depressive symptoms were associated with an increased risk of HF and falls, which may have considerable clinical and preventive implications.
Prioritizing COVID-19 vaccination efforts and dose allocation within Madagascar
Authors: Rasambainarivo Fidisoa , Ramiadantsoa Tanjona , Raherinandrasana Antso , Randrianarisoa Santatra , Rice Benjamin L. , Evans Michelle V. , Roche Benjamin , Randriatsarafara Fidiniaina Mamy , Wesolowski Amy , Metcalf Jessica C. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
While mass COVID-19 vaccination programs are underway in high-income countries, limited availability of doses has resulted in few vaccines administered in low and middle income countries (LMICs). The COVID-19 Vaccines Global Access (COVAX) is a WHO-led initiative to promote vaccine access equity to LMICs and is providing many of the doses available in these settings. However, initial doses are limited and countries, such as Madagascar, need to develop prioritization schemes to maximize the benefits of vaccination with very limited supplies. There is some consensus that dose deployment should initially target health care workers, and those who are more vulnerable including older individuals. However, questions of geographic deployment remain, in particular associated with limits around vaccine access and delivery capacity in underserved communities, for example in rural areas that may also include substantial proportions of the population.

Methods
To address these questions, we developed a mathematical model of SARS-CoV-2 transmission dynamics and simulated various vaccination allocation strategies for Madagascar. Simulated strategies were based on a number of possible geographical prioritization schemes, testing sensitivity to initial susceptibility in the population, and evaluating the potential of tests for previous infection.

Results
Using cumulative deaths due to COVID-19 as the main outcome of interest, our results indicate that distributing the number of vaccine doses according to the number of elderly living in the region or according to the population size results in a greater reduction of mortality compared to distributing doses based on the reported number of cases and deaths. The benefits of vaccination strategies are diminished if the burden (and thus accumulated immunity) has been greatest in the most populous regions, but the overall strategy ranking remains comparable. If rapid tests for prior immunity may be swiftly and effectively delivered, there is potential for considerable gain in mortality averted, but considering delivery limitations modulates this.

Conclusion
At a subnational scale, our results support the strategy adopted by the COVAX initiative at a global scale.