bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
mPEG-PDLLA Micelles Potentiate Docetaxel for Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy in Ovarian Cancer Peritoneal Metastasis
Authors: Zhang Yumei , Wang Shunli , Duan Xiaofan , Xu Xiaoxiao , Gao Yuan , Zhou Jiuli , Xu Xiaolin , Li Jin 
Published: April 2022

Ovarian cancer is the second most common cause of gynecological cancer death in women. It is usually diagnosed late and accompanied by peritoneal metastasis. For ovarian cancer with peritoneal metastasis, intraperitoneal (IP) chemotherapy can maintain a high drug concentration in the abdominal cavity and reduce local and systemic toxicity. Recently, docetaxel (DTX) has shown broad-spectrum antitumor activity against various malignant tumors, including ovarian cancer with peritoneal metastasis. However, DTX has limited clinical applications due to its poor water solubility, predisposition to hypersensitivity, fluid retention, and varying degrees of neurotoxicity. In this study, we prepared methoxy-poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(D,L-lactide) (mPEG-PDLLA) micelles loaded with DTX and developed an alternative, less toxic, more effective DTX formulation, without Tween 80, and evaluated its pharmacokinetics in the abdominal cavity and its efficacy in ovarian cancer with peritoneal metastasis. The mean diameter of DTX-mPEG-PDLLA was about 25 nm, and the pharmacokinetics of BALB/c mice via IP showed that the plasma exposure of DTX-mPEG-PDLLA was about four times lower than that of DTX. Importantly, DTX-mPEG-PDLLA was significantly more effective than DTX and prolonged the survival period in a SKOV-3 ovarian cancer peritoneal metastasis model. Moreover, the apoptosis rate was significantly increased in vitro. Based on these findings, it is expected that DTX-mPEG-PDLLA can enhance efficacy against ovarian cancer peritoneal metastasis, while reducing toxic side effects, and has the potential to be used in the clinical treatment of peritoneal metastatic cancer.
IBD Subtype-Regulators IFNG and GBP5 Identified by Causal Inference Drive More Intense Innate Immunity and Inflammatory Responses in CD Than Those in UC
Authors: Gao Sheng , Li Yichen , Wu Dingfeng , Jiao Na , Yang Li , Zhao Rui , Xu Zhifeng , Chen Wanning , Lin Xutao , Cheng Sijing , Zhu Lixin , Lan Ping , Zhu Ruixin 
Published: April 2022

Background: The pathological differences between Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are substantial and unexplained yet. Here, we aimed to identify potential regulators that drive different pathogenesis of CD and UC by causal inference analysis of transcriptome data.Methods: Kruskal–Wallis and Dunnett’s tests were performed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) among CD patients, UC patients, and controls. Subsequently, differentially expressed pathways (DEPs) between CD and UC were identified and used to construct the interaction network of DEPs. Causal inference was performed to identify IBD subtype-regulators. The expression of the subtype-regulators and their downstream genes was validated by qRT-PCR with an independent cohort.Results: Compared with the control group, we identified 1,352 and 2,081 DEGs in CD and UC groups, respectively. Multiple DEPs between CD and UC were closely related to inflammation-related pathways, such as NOD-like receptor signaling, IL-17 signaling, and chemokine signaling pathways. Based on the priori interaction network of DEPs, causal inference analysis identified IFNG and GBP5 as IBD subtype-regulators. The results with the discovery cohort showed that the expression level of IFNG, GBP5, and NLRP3 was significantly higher in the CD group than that in the UC group. The regulation relationships among IFNG, GBP5, and NLRP3 were confirmed with transcriptome data from an independent cohort and validated by qRT-PCR.Conclusion: Our study suggests that IFNG and GBP5 were IBD subtype-regulators that trigger more intense innate immunity and inflammatory responses in CD than those in UC. Our findings reveal pathomechanical differences between CD and UC that may contribute to personalized treatment for CD and UC.
Correlation of Motor Competence and Social-Emotional Wellbeing in Preschool Children
Authors: Salaj Sanja , Masnjak Mia 
Published: April 2022

IntroductionThe relations of motor skills to different developmental domains, i.e., cognitive, emotional, and social domain, are well-documented in research on children with poor motor competence and children with disabilities. Less conclusive evidence on interaction of motor and social or emotional development can be seen in research on typically developing children. The purpose of this study was to determine a correlation between motor skills and social-emotional functioning in typically developing preschool children and to identify differences in social-emotional functioning in children with different levels of motor competence.MethodsA total of 125 preschool children (67 boys, 58 girls, average age 5.1 years) participated in this study. To assess children’s motor skills, we used the Test of Gross Motor Development–Second Edition that measures locomotor and object-control skills. To screen child’s social and emotional functioning, we used the Ages and Stages Questionnaire–Social Emotional: Second Edition. Spearman’s correlation analysis was used to determine association between motor skills and social-emotional functioning. Difference in social-emotional functioning between groups of preschool children with High and Low motor competences was calculated using Mann-Whitney U-test.ResultsThe main result of this study is weak correlation of child’s motor skills to social-emotional functioning. Furthermore, preschool children with High and Low motor competences do not differ in risk for social and emotional difficulties.ConclusionFurther research on typically developing children is needed to have more conclusive evidence on interaction of motor and social or emotional development.
Postpartum Diet and the Lifestyle of Korean and Chinese Women: A Comparative Study
Authors: Li Jia , Gray Heewon L. , Kim Sohyun , Park Haeryun , Lee Youngmi , Lee Hongmie , Song Kyunghee 
Published: April 2022

ObjectiveThe study investigated and compared postpartum diet and behaviors, nutrition education, and psychological health status among Korean and Chinese postpartum women (0–6 months after delivery).MethodsA total of 221 Korean mothers in Gyeonggi-do (South Korea) and 221 mothers in Jinhua (China) participated in the survey between November and December 2018, and the results were statistically analyzed using the SPSS Statistics 25.0 software.ResultsMany postpartum behaviors, such as postpartum diet pattern and care duration differed between Korean and Chinese mothers. The former showed a stronger desire for nutrition education compared with the latter (p &lt; 0.001). Korean mothers' life and meal satisfaction, and contentment with their husband's support were all ~0.5 points higher compared with Chinese mothers, particularly regarding spousal support (p &lt; 0.001). Postpartum depression stresses positively correlated with postpartum infant care stress and negatively correlated with life satisfaction. In addition, primipara mothers were more in need of infant care support and guidance concerning appropriate baby-feeding techniques compared with multipara mothers.ConclusionTraditional culture was a crucial factor that influenced the perceptions of postpartum women in South Korea and China. Culturally tailored nutrition education and exercise programs may benefit Korean and Chinese women after childbirth.
General Practitioner Time Availability Per Inhabitant Per Year: A New Indicator to Measure Access to Primary Care
Authors: Beer Laura , Cohidon Christine , Senn Nicolas 
Published: April 2022

IntroductionThe number of general practitioners (GPs) per inhabitant, used commonly as an indicator of primary care (PC) access, reports only imprecisely on the true availability of GPs. The aim of this study is to develop a new PC access indicator that better reflects the availability of GPs to take care of patients at the population level, the average GP time availability per inhabitant per year.MethodsWe extracted the data from the Commonwealth Fund International Health Policy Survey of Primary Care Physicians conducted in 2015, including 11 Western countries and 12,049 randomly drawn GPs. We built the indicator by combining two questions about weekly workload in hours and percentage of time spent on face-to-face contact with patients. The indicator was then adjusted regarding the number of GPs, the weeks worked per year and the country's population size.ResultsOn average, GPs worked 43 h a week. The average time spent on face-to-face contact with patients was 30.5 h/week (35 h including emails and telephone contact), ranging from 22 h in Sweden and 38 h in France. The mean time available of GPs for face-to-face contact was 69 min/inhabitant/year, ranging from 38 min in Sweden to 118 min in Australia. Including email and telephone contact, the mean contact time rose to 79 min/inhabitant/year, ranging from 48 min in Sweden to 127 min in Australia.ConclusionThe new indicator provides an accurate and sensitive estimate of a GP's true time availability at the population level. Results should be interpreted in the context of PC workforce organization, which may help guide GP workforce development.
Selective Hepatic Vascular Exclusion versus Pringle Maneuver in Major Hepatectomy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Mobarak Shahd , Stott Martyn C. , Tarazi Munir , Varley Rebecca J. , Davé Madhav S. , Baltatzis Minas , Satyadas Thomas 
Published: April 2022

ObjectivesMortality and morbidity following hepatic resection is significantly affected by major intra-operative blood loss. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluates whether selective hepatic vascular exclusion (SHVE) compared to a Pringle maneuver in hepatic resection reduces rates of morbidity and mortality.MethodsA systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines by screening EMBASE, MEDLINE/PubMed, CENTRAL and SCOPUS for comparative studies meeting the inclusion criteria. Pooled odds ratios or mean differences were calculated for outcomes using either fixed- or random-effects models.ResultsSix studies were identified: three randomised controlled trials and three observational studies reporting a total of 2,238 patients. Data synthesis showed significantly decreased rates of mortality, overall complications, blood loss, transfusion requirements, air embolism, liver failure and multi-organ failure in the SHVE group. Rates of hepatic vein rupture, post-operative hemorrhage, operative and warm ischemia time, length of stay in hospital and intensive care unit were not statistically significant between the two groups.ConclusionPerforming SHVE in major hepatectomy may result in reduced rates of morbidity and mortality when compared to a Pringle maneuver. The results of this meta-analysis are based on studies where tumors were adjacent to major vessels. Further RCTs are required to validate these results.Clinical Trial RegistrationPROSPERO (CRD42020212372) https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=212372.
Predictors and Timing to Viral Suppression in HIV-Infected Pregnant Women in the University of Zimbabwe Birth Cohort Study During the Era of Lifelong Antiretroviral Therapy (Option B+ Treatment Strategy)
Authors: Duri Kerina , Munjoma Privilege Tendai , Mazhandu Arthur John , Marere Tarisai , Gomo Exnevia , Banhwa Simeon , Jordi Sebastian Bruno Ulrich , Misselwitz Benjamin , Mazengera Lovemore Ronald 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundAchieving and maintaining viral suppression (VS) in people living with HIV/AIDS on antiretroviral therapy (ART) remains a crucial clinical goal, more so in pregnancy to prevent mother-to-child-transmission (MTCT). There is a need to understand VS kinetics and barriers to achieving it in order to meet the target of eliminating HIV-MTCT by 2030.MethodsHIV-infected pregnant women ≥20 weeks of gestation with different durations of Tenofovir/Lamivudine/Efavirenz exposures seeking antenatal care services at four primary health centres in high-density residential areas in Harare, Zimbabwe were enrolled in the University of Zimbabwe Birth Cohort Study. Plasma viral load (VL) was quantified by reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction. Demographic, clinical, socio-economic and HIV- and ART-related factors were tested in multivariable logistic regression analyses as potential predictors for VS and undetectable VL.ResultsFrom March 2016 to June 2019, 608 HIV-infected pregnant women were enrolled. 63 (10.4%) were self-reported-ART-naïve; 324 (53.3%) and 221 (36.3%) initiated ART pre- and post-conception, respectively. Time from ART initiation to VS (VL ≤ 1,000 copies/ml) in 95% of the women was 126 days. Overall lack of VS (VL &gt; 1,000 copies/ml) was observed in 133 (21.9%) women being 76.2, 27.4 and 7.7% in self-reported-ART-naïve, post-conception and pre-conception groups, respectively. Undetectable VL (≤ 50 copies/ml) was observed in 371 (61.2%) and low-level viremia (51–1,000 copies/ml) in 102 (16.8%) women.In multivariable models for all participants regardless of ART exposure, being on ART was the strongest predictor for both VS and undetectable VL (odds ratio 95% confidence interval, OR (CI): 8.9(4.2–19.5) and 8.1(3.2–24.4), respectively). For women on ART, duration of ART use &gt;126 days was the strongest predictor with OR (CI): 6.7(3.3–14.0) for VS and 8.5(5.6–13.1) for undetectable VL. Other relevant predictors for favourable virological outcomes were older maternal age, HIV-status disclosure, absence of ART side effects and self-reported depression. Having a spouse/intimate partner on ART predicted a 4 times higher likelihood for VS.DiscussionLack of VS was frequently observed in this Harare cohort of pregnant women, mainly due to new HIV diagnosis, hence not being on ART and suboptimal duration of ART exposure. Since VS for 95% of women needed about 4 months of ART exposure, eliminating HIV-MTCT will require timely screening and commencing women together with their spouses/intimate partners on ART before pregnancy or early after conception.Clinical Trial Registrationwww.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: NCT04087239.
La ville européenne : questions d’identité
Authors: Gerosa Pier Giorgio , Jonas Stéphane 
Published: April 2022

Die Europäische Stadt — Problème der Identität.
Das Besondere und das Profil der europäischen Stadt sind durch eine Gesamtbetrachtung ihrer kulturellen, sozialen und architekturalen Elementen in derer historischen Entwicklung untersucht. Autonomie, Freiheit, Demokratie und Rationalität — Begriffe die den Beständigkeits — . und Umgestaltungsprozessen des Bauwerkes und der räumlichen Spezialisierung entsprechen — sind hier durch die groszen Bildungsetappen des europäischen Stadtnetzes und in Hinsicht auf Fragen über seine Zukunft betrachtet.
Langues et langages dans la vallée de Munster
Authors: Vogler Pierre 
Published: April 2022

Sprachen und sprechweisen im mustertal.
Dieser Artikel ist eine qualitative Annäherung der sprachlichen Situation des Münstertales (Elsaß). Er betont die Vielseitigkeit der Verhalten, die sie gründen. Die Verschiedenen Wahlen der Sprachen, Französisch oder elsäsisch oder elsässische Mundart, sind doch wenigen gemafl. Sie entsprechen bestimmten sozialen Funktionen, deren Gesamtheit man zur Typologie erheben kann.
La mortalité en Alsace au XVIIIe et XIXe siècles : le cas de Bosselshausen (Bas-Rhin)
Authors: Denis Marie-Noële 
Published: April 2022

Une étude de la mortalité à Bosselshausen (Bas Rhin) entre 1737 et 1837 révèle certaines caractéristiques :
— la mortalité des enfants de 1 à 9 ans y est particulièrement faible, plus faible que dans l’ensemble de la France du nord-est, et elle a baissé de 1737-1789 à 1790-1837 ;
— la mortalité infantile, élevée mais impossible à évaluer avec certitude, touche plus particulièrement les premiers nés ;
— la mortalité des adultes dépasse les quotients obtenus dans le Vexin Français ou pour la noblesse de robe à la même époque.
Bagatelles pour un génocide : «Holocauste» dans la presse de gauche en France 1979-1980
Authors: Raphaël Freddy 
Published: April 2022

Trivialities about a genocide «Holocaust in the french left wing press» (1979-1980)

The showing on television of the film «Holocaust», which the government had been reluctant to permit at first, gave rise to varied reactions in the mass media. We have undertaken to analyse the often contradictory interpretations the French press gave of this serial. Each newspaper enlarged upon the central idea of the film in a way which reflected its own specific ideology.
The three right wing newspapers we have chosen beforhand, namely Minute, Rivarol and Le Figaro Magazine are quite consistent in their approach to the film. They are characterized by, first of all a plea for historical objectivity. They also try to show the genocide was something quite common, in order to free Germany from
Les misères de la guerre
Authors: Denis Marie-Noële 
Published: April 2022

Die Elende des Krieges.

Im XVII. Jahrhundert ist das Elsass im Mittelpunkt der Imperialistischen rivalitäten Europas. Der Bauerkrieg (1618-1648) dann der Devolution und der Holländische Krieg (1672-1679) haben die Provinz in ein Schlachtfeld verwandelt, und die Historiker haben bis heutzutage, immer noch nicht die Weite der Vernichtungen und der menschlichen Verlüste erschätzt.
Die forschungen der Einträgebücher der Pfarrgemeinde von fiinf Elsässer Gemeinschaften (Pfaffenhoffen, Oberhausbergen, Ebermunster, Mittelwihr und die Pfarrgemeinde St Léger de Delle) können bezeugen dass die militarische Ereignisse sich in demographische Krise ubersätzt haben : steigerung der Sterblichkeit, sinkung der Hochzeiten und Geburtrückgang. Aber alle Pfarregemeinde wurden nicht gleichmassig getroffen, und der Krieg hatte nur in Pfaffenhoffen und Mittelwihr schwere folgen auf der Bevölkerungs entwicklung.
Der Zeitbeschnitt des Wiederaufbaues und der Einwanderung fordert einen Bruch in der Dauer der ländlichekultur Elsasses her aus.
Entre val et tram, Strasbourg aux prises avec la communication
Authors: Breton Philippe 
Published: April 2022

Tramway /VAL .
Since 1974, the urban community of Strasbourg has been grappling with choosing a public transportation system that had originally been conceived of as needing to be an exclusive right-of-way. Four points can be made regarding the history of the case since that time. The first concerns the large amounts of energy, skill and enthusiasm which have been invested up to now in a very motivating project, as much at the level of studies done as in the management-level involvement of the institutions and associations concerned. The second point is simply that, as everyone knows, at present - 15 years after the initial decision — no exclusive right-of-way public transportation system traverses the greater metropolitan area. The third point is that neither of the two systems proposed and studied up until now (the tramway and the VAL) has gained sufficient public support to be implemented without risk of provoking opposition and electoral disaster for those officials who take on the issue. The fourth point is that there has not been a real debate on the issue in Strasbourg. This article is primarily consecrated to the examination of this fourth point.
The detailed analysis of the events which have taken place around the question of public transportation in Strasbourg bring to light three opposing arguments which regroup the majority of the actors involved. The first position expresses a great reluctance toward the plan of even investing in exclusive right-of-way urban transportation. A second argument supports the plan for such a type of transportation but sees its functioning only as that of an agent of social change. A third position insists that transportation provides an opportunity to change the city, and to conduct a certain number of urban planning operations.
These three positions seem to be of equal strength in Strasbourg. The combination of these three tendancies, and the interplay of certain alliances which are forming in Strasbourg - this is, at least, the hypothesis defended here - lead to the end result that any decision made in this area must be a minority one. The primary consequence of this state of affairs is the neutralisation of the debate, and the impossibility for the different partners in this area to play the clear and unambiguous role that the high stakes demand.
This hypothesis is illustrated here by three “case studies” : the question of informing Strasbourg’s inhabitants about the public transportation issue ; the tarnishing of VAL’s image in public opinion ; and the stakes involved in the referendum.
La construction de l’oubli
Authors: Raphaël Freddy , Herberich-Marx Geneviève 
Published: April 2022

Die konstruktion des vergessens im gegenwartigen frankreich.
Indem wir uns in die Perspektive der jüngst von Historikern wie Mona Ozouf, Jean-Pierre Azéma, Henry Rousso, Jean-Pierre Rioux... unternommenen Arbeiten einreihen, beabsichtigen wir, aufzuzeigen, dab auf der Ebene kollektiver Darstellungen und der ständigen Verarbeitung der Erinnerung und des Vergessens ein Bruch durch die französische Gesellschaft geht. Es ist bezeichnend, dab die Beziehung, welche die politischen Gruppierungen -mehr als vierzig Jahre nach dem Ereignis - zum Zweiten Weltkrieg haben, ein Streitobjekt darstellt, und dab die Neudeutung einer nahen Vergangenheit eine Kluft wieder aufleben läbt, die bis auf die Französische Revolution zuriickgeht.
Wie Mona Ozouf richtig hervorhebt, beruht das Gedenken auf der Logik des gleichen, und wie sie behauptet, auf dem Ritual, auf der Identitat der in Ehren gehaltenen Menschen mit derjenigen der Zelebrierenden, auf der Beständigkeit dieser Verbindung durch die Zeit hindurch und auf seiner Bedeutung für die Zukunft. Der Französischen Revolution, der Dreyfus-Affäre, der Volksfront, des Zweiten Weltkrieges ist schwer zu gedenken, weil diese Ereignisse den immerwährenden Bruch neu aufleben lassen, der die französische Gesellschaft entzweit : wie die Diskussion über signifikante Daten und Gestalten es bezeugt, bringt die Erinnerung an diese grundlegenden Ereignisse ein labiles Gleichgewicht in Gefahr. Manchmal entspricht das Vergessen einer Taktik der Verweigerung der Erinnerungen. Eine bestimmte Zeit lang zumindest gelingen jene Unterfangen des Ausstreichens und Löschens, des Retu schierens von Fotos, der Eliminierung der Namen derer, die - wie Syme in ”1984” - in Ungnade gefallen sind und man hat “verschwinden” lassen. Die Beschreibung der erhebenden Aufgabe der Feuerwehrleute in ”Fahrenheit 451” sowie derjenigen der kleinlichen Angestellten des Kommissariats in den Archiven von ”1984” heben die ständige Versuchung gewisser Regime hervor, die Geschichte in einen Palimpsesten zu verwandeln, der abgekratzt wird und sooft wie notwendig neu beschrieben wird.
Approche sociologique d’un phénomène religieux : étude de la démarche votive dans un pèlerinage alsacien
Authors: Herberich-Marx Geneviève 
Published: April 2022

Sociology of a religious process : study of the evolution of the votive sensitivity in an Alsatian pilgrimage.

Within the framework of Alsatian pilgrimages, we have undertaken the study of the evolution of a religious sensitivity, based on various documents. Votive pictures, Books of Miracles and Registers of Prayers witness to the processes of pilgrims during more than a century.
A more precise analysis of the votive pictures enables us to bring to light, throughout the centuries, the differences of the shades of religious sensitivity. One of the original features of this work lies in the fact that the various people, who played a part in the carrying out of the votive process, were called upon to give their account : the donor, the artist who made the votive picture as well as the priest who took action during that process.
To conclude, we have taken up the study of the concept of “popular religion”. Is it merely an illegitimate religion or a tension between a striving towards sacredness and the institutionalization of this sacredness by the Church ?