bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Accuracy of Invisalign Progress Assessment with clear aligners: a retrospective study
Authors: Li Bo , Xu Yi-Meng , Shi Rui-Ying , Hu Yi-Rong , Liu Si-Ying , Gu Ze-Xu 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Objective The objective of this study was to detective the accuracy of model superimposition and automatic analysis for upper and lower dentition width in Invisalign Progress Assessment during the process of clear aligners.
Methods 19 cases were included in this study. Pre-treatment dental cast(T0) and post-treatment dental cast after staged treatment(T1) were available for three-dimensional model superimposition. Subsequently, movements of maxillary teeth in horizontal plane (cross section) after staged treatment, width of upper and lower dentition were measured by three-dimensional model superimposition in real world and Invisalign Progress Assessment separately. Consequently, the data collected from these two methods was compared.
Results In Invisalign Progress Assessment, movements of maxillary teeth in horizontal plane after staged treatment was 2.31（1.59,3.22）(median (upper quartile, lower quartile)) millimeter (mm), while in three-dimensional model superimposition, the result was 1.79（1.21,3.03）mm. The difference between two groups is significant(P＜0.05). Intercanine width upper, intermolar width upper, intercanine width lower, and intermolar width lower were 36.55±2.76mm, 56.98±2.62mm, 28.16±1.85mm, 53.21±2.72mm separately in Invisalign Progress Assessment and were 36.48±2.78mm, 56.89±2.58mm, 28.05±1.85mm, 53.16±2.64mm separately in three-dimensional model analysis, which were no significant difference among these groups (P＞0.05).
Conclusions The data from Invisalign Progress Assessment was not in parallel with what achieved from model superimposition with palate as reference completely. The accuracy of model superimposition in Invisalign Progress Assessment needs further investigation, whereas the accuracy of model analysis in Invisalign Progress Assessment was accurate. Thereby, results from Invisalign Progress Assessment should be interpreted with caution by the orthodontist in clinic.
The tight junction protein occludin modulates blood-brain barrier integrity and neurological function after ischemic stroke in mice
Authors: Sugiyama Shintaro , Sasaki Tsutomu , Tanaka Hiroo , Yan Haomin , Ikegami Takeshi , Kanki Hideaki , Nishiyama Kumiko , Beck Goichi , Gon Yasufumi , Okazaki Shuhei , Todo Kenichi , Tamura Atsushi , Tsukita Sachiko , Mochizuki Hideki 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption contributes to brain injury and neurological impairment. Tight junctions (TJs) and cell-cell adhesion complexes develop between endothelial cells in the brain to establish and maintain the BBB. Occludin, the first transmembrane protein identified in TJs, has received intense research interest because numerous in vitro studies have suggested its importance in maintaining BBB integrity. However, its role in maintaining BBB integrity after ischemic stroke is less clear owing to the lack of in vivo evidence. This study aimed to investigate the dynamics and function of occludin across the acute and chronic phases after stroke using occludin-deficient mice. By photochemically induced thrombosis model, the expression of occludin was decreased in brain endothelial cells from ischemic lesions. The neurological function of occludin-deficient mice was continuously impaired compared to that of wild-type mice. BBB integrity evaluated by Evans blue and 0.5-kDa fluorescein in the acute phase and by 10-kDa fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled dextran in the chronic phase was decreased to a greater extent after stroke in occludin-deficient mice. Furthermore, occludin-deficient mice showed decreased Claudin-5 and neovascularization after stroke. Our study reveals how occludin influences BBB integrity after ischemic stroke. Decreased expression of occludin might be associated with the exacerbation of stroke.
Non-canonical Role for the Ataxia-telangiectasia-Rad3 pathway in STAT3 activation in human multiple myeloma cells
Authors: Li Lin , Hu Xiaoyan , Nkwocha Jewel , Sharma Kanika , Mann Hashim , Zhou Liang , Grant Steven 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
PURPOSE:
The goal of this study was to characterize the relationship between ATR and STAT3 interactions in human multiple myeloma (MM) cells
METHODS:
Various MM cell lines, including IL-6-dependent cells were exposed to ATR inhibitors and effects on STAT3 Tyr705 and Ser727 were monitored by WB analysis and ImageStream analysis. Parallel studies examined induction of cell death, STAT3 DNA binding activity, and expression of STAT3 downstream targets (BCL-XL, MCL-1, c-MYC). Validation was obtained in ATR shRNA knock-down cells, and in cells ectopically expressing BCL-XL, MCL-1, or c-MYC. Analogous studies were performed in primary MM cells and in a MM xenograft model.
RESULTS
ultiple pharmacologic ATR inhibitors inhibited STAT3 Tyr705 (but not Ser727) phosphorylation at low uM concentrations and down-regulated BCL-XL, MCL-1, c-MYC in association with cell death induction. Compatible results were observed in ATR shRNA knock-down cells. Cell death induced by ATR inhibitors was significantly attenuated in cells ectopically expressing constitutively active STAT3, BCL-XL, MCL-1, or c-MYC, and in cells in which Chk1 was knocked down by siRNA. Concordant results were observed in primary human MM cells and in an in vivo MM xenograft model.
CONCLUSIONS:
Collectively, these findings argue for a non-canonical role for the ATR kinase in STAT3 activation in MM cells, and suggest that STAT3 inactivation contributes to the lethal actions of ATR inhibitors in MM.
Kinetic and Equilibrium Function and Switchable Catalytic Activity of Some Thermo-Responsive Hydrogel Metal Absorbents Based on Modified PNIPAM
Authors: Ghasemi Soheila , Owrang Marzieh , Javaheri Farzad 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Synthesis and identification of some thermo-responsive hydrogel metal absorbents based on Schiff base modified PNIPAM is described. PNIPAM hydrogel is produced through conventional free-radical polymerization method. The hydrogel is amino modified with different amines and then treated with various aldehydes to make polymeric Schiff-bases supposing to utilize as an absorbent for Cu salt. Characterization of the as-prepared hydrogels was performed properly and confirmed the corresponding structures. Kinetic and equilibrium function of the absorbents and the effect of distinct variables like pH, adsorbent amount and contact time in the absorption process are investigated in detail. Kinetic and adsorption isotherm data agreed with pseudo-second order model and Langmuir isotherm, respectively. The maximum value of adsorption capacity of the prepared adsorbent was around 8550 mg g-1. In addition, the corresponding switchable catalytic activity using one of the thermo-responsive hydrogel metal absorbents in the reduction of 4-nitro phenol to 4-amino phenol in the role of model reaction is examined.
Trace Elements and Security of Foods Produced in Urban Community Gardens, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
Authors: Barbato Marcello Locatelli , Maranho Leila Teresinha , Gomes Marcelo Pedrosa 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Urban gardens have emerged as a new global tendency for supporting food security, and has therefore become the focus of diverse studies and attracted the attention of public administrations as an option for sustainable food production. Vegetable crops cultivated under conditions of high exposure to contaminants found in large urban centers, however, tend to accumulate toxic compounds, such as, trace elements, and insert them into human foods and the trophic chain. We therefore evaluated the food security of vegetables (lettuce and collard greens) produced in urban gardens in the Metropolitan region of Curitiba City (Brazil) in terms of the presence of trace elements. Assays were performed in plants harvested from four urban gardens as well as an agroecology site (control). We also assayed for trace elements in the garden soils and the irrigation water used for their production. Both the soils and the irrigation waters had trace element concentrations within the maximum recommended limits, and were therefore not vehicles of contamination. Similarly, trace element concentrations identified in the biomasses of lettuce and collard greens plants grown in the control area, as well as the four urban gardens, were below the maximum limits recommended for leafy vegetables. The vegetables produced in the urban gardens and the agroecology area are considered safe for human consumption.
Screening and prioritising Persistent, Mobile and Toxic chemicals: development and application of a robust scoring system
Authors: Hartmann Julia , Rorije Emiel , Wassenaar Pim N.H. , Verbruggen Eric 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background

Lately scientific and societal concern has emerged about persistent (P), mobile (M) and toxic (T) chemicals. Such chemicals, like some polyfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs), are of concern due to their high mobility and persistence in aquatic compartments which relates to long-term biotic exposure and difficult removal from drinking water. In this study a screening approach for identification of PMT chemicals was developed and applied to 6,158 diverse chemicals.

Results

Chemicals are given a continuous score for P, M and T potential based on modelled indicators (low potential is a score of 0 to 0.33, high potential is a score of 0.33 to 0.5 and very high potential a score of 0.5 to 1). The P-score was based on the estimated aquatic environmental half-life and the M-score on the chemical’s organic carbon/water partition coefficient (Koc) using respectively the BIOWIN3 and KocWIN QSAR models of EPISuite™. The T-score was based on indicators for five human health endpoints: carcinogenicity (c), mutaganicity (m), reprotoxicity (r), endocrine disruption (ED) and general repeated dose systemic toxicity. Structural alerts for these endpoints taken from the OECD QSAR Toolbox™ and Toxtree™ were used as indicators of potential (human) toxicity. Chemical similarity values to Substances of Very High Concern (SVHC) with c, m and/or r properties were also included. Value functions were developed to translate the presence of alerts and similarity to existing SVHCs to values between 0 to 1. Subsequently, all values were also aggregated to an overall PMT-score, again ranging from 0 to 1. Applying the approach to chemicals from the Inventory of Existing Commercial chemical Substances, which are also REACH registered, resulted in 15% of the chemicals receiving high scores (≥0.33) for all three (P-, M- and T-) indicators, and 4% getting very high scores (≥0.5) for both the P- and M-indicators.

Conclusions

The approach confirmed the properties of chemicals classified as SVHC due to PMT properties (e.g. 1,4-dioxane), illustrating the ability of the approach to identify PMT chemicals of concern. Water regulators, drinking water suppliers and others can use this approach to identify potential PMT/vPvM chemicals that need further investigation.
A study on the effects of thermal pain stimulation at the oral mucosa in EEG
Authors: Hu Shengjing , Zhang Hao , Chen Gang , He Yixing , Wang Suogang 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Objectives
The aim of this study was to investigate how thermal pain stimulation on the oral mucosa affects the brain’s pain perception and brain network connectivity using electroencephalograms (EEGs) and to reveal the central systemic mechanisms of oral chronic pain such as burning mouth syndrome (BMS).
Materials and methods
EEG data were collected from 40 healthy volunteers (24 males and 16 females) at rest and during thermal stimulation of the oral mucosa at 45°C, 48°C, 51°C, and 54°C. The power of six frequency bands was calculated for the acquired EEG data. A directed transform function (DTF) was used to construct the network and calculate the network connection parameters.
Results
The results showed that subjective pain scores increased significantly with increasing temperature (p < 0.001). Compared with the resting baseline state, the average power of both theta and alpha bands decreased with increasing temperature (p < 0.001), while the average power of the gamma band increased (p < 0.001). Moreover, the mean values decreased, as did the clustering coefficients and global efficiency in the low and middle frequency bands.
Conclusions
The thermal stimulation of the oral mucosa mainly affects the alpha power decreasing in the contralateral somatosensory area.
Clinical Relevance
This experiment provides a theoretical basis and technical support for studying the mechanism of transmission and perception of oral thermal pain through the trigeminal pathway to the central nervous system in human subjects and provides a theoretical basis for the central system mechanism of chronic pain syndromes such as BMS.
Evaluating bridges across hemispheres: DCM reveals an interhemispheric interplay between the bilateral premotor cortex during grasping
Authors: Bencivenga Federica , Tullo Maria Giulia , Sulpizio Valentina , Galati Gaspare 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Research on the contribution of the ipsilateral hemisphere to unilateral movements, and how it is mediated by transcallosal connections, has so far provided contradictory findings. By using Dynamic Causal Modelling (DCM) and Parametric Empirical Bayes (PEB) analyses applied to fMRI data, we sought to describe effective connectivity during executed and imagined right-hand grasping within the grasping network, namely the anterior intraparietal sulcus (aIPs), ventral (PMv) and dorsal (PMd) premotor cortex, supplementary motor area (SMA) and primary motor cortex (M1). The two-fold aim of the present work was to explore a) whether right and left parieto-frontal areas show similar connectivity couplings, and b) the interhemispheric dynamics between these regions across the two hemispheres.
We detected a network architecture comparable across hemispheres during executed but not imagined grasping. Furthermore, during motor execution the interhemispheric crosstalk was mainly driven by premotor areas: we found an inhibitory influence from the right PMd toward the left premotor and motor areas and excitatory couplings between homologous ventral premotor and supplementary motor regions.
Overall, our results support the view that dissociable components of unilateral grasping execution are encoded by a non-lateralized set of brain areas complexly intertwined by interhemispheric dynamics, whereas motor imagery obeys different principles.
Development of an inhibiting antibody against equine interleukin 5 to treat insect bite hypersensitivity of horses
Authors: Langreder Nora , Schäckermann Dorina , Meier Doris , Becker Marlies , Schubert Maren , Dübel Stefan , Reinard Thomas , Figge-Wegener Stefanie , Roßbach Kristine , Bäumer Wolfgang , Ladel Simone , Hust Michael 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Insect bite hypersensitivity (IBH) is the most common allergic skin disease of horses. It is caused by insect bites of the Culicoides spp. which mediate a type I/IVb allergy with strong involvement of eosinophil cells. No specific treatment option is available so far. One concept could be the use of a therapeutic antibody targeting equine interleukin 5, the main activator and regulator of eosinophils. Therefore, antibodies were selected by phage display using the naïve human antibody gene libraries HAL9/10, tested in a cellular in vitro inhibition assay and subjected to an in vitro affinity maturation. In total, 28 antibodies were selected by phage display out of which eleven have been found to be inhibiting in the final format as chimeric immunoglobulin G with equine constant domains. The two most promising candidates were further improved by in vitro affinity maturation up to factor 2.5 regarding their binding activity and up to factor 2.0 regarding their inhibition effect. The final antibody named NOL2262D10 showed a strong inhibition of the interleukin 5 binding to its receptor (IC50 = 4 nM). Furthermore, a nanomolar binding activity (EC50 = 8.8 nM), stable behavior and satisfactory producibility were demonstrated. This antibody is an excellent candidate for in vivo studies for the treatment of equine IBH.
Prognostic Value of Immunoscore in Colorectal Carcinomas
Authors: Imen Helal , Amira Hmidi , Fatma Khanchel , Raja Jouini , Mariem Sabbah , Haithem Zaafouri , Ehsene Ben Brahim , aschraf Chadlidebbiche 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Immunoscore (IS), based on the evaluation of CD3 + and CD8 + densities in the center of the tumor (CT) and its invasive margin (IM), is currently considered as a potential prognostic factor, particularly in colorectal carcinomas (CRC). In the current study, we aimed to assess the prognostic value of IS in CRC stage I to IV, through a survival study.
Methods
It was a descriptive and retrospective study involving 104 cases of CRC. Data were collected over three years (2014–2016). An immunohistochemical study (anti-CD3, anti-CD8) by the Tissue Microarray (TMA) technique was carried out in the areas of "Hot Spot" in CT and IM. A percentage was assigned to each marker and within each region. Then, the density was classified as "Low" or "High", according to a cut-off fixed at the median of percentages. IS was calculated by the method described by Galon et al. The prognostic value of the IS was assessed through a survival study.
Results
The mean age of patients was 61.63 years. IS was low in 60.6% (n = 63). Our study had shown that low IS significantly deteriorates survival and a high IS enhances survival significantly (p < 0.001). We found a correlation between IS and T stage (p = 0.026). A multivariate showed that the predictive factors for survival were IS (p = 0.001) and age (p = 0.035).
Conclusion
IS is a potential prognostic factor. Its reproducibility and reliability allow its introduction into daily practice for better therapeutic management.
Mechanism of YAP1 in the senescence and degeneration of endplate chondrocytes induced by intermittent cyclic mechanical tension
Authors: Kong Lei , Xie Yong- Sheng , Ma Xu-Dong , Huang Yan , Shang Xi-Fu 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The present study aimed to explore the underlying mechanism of YAP1 in the senescence and degeneration of endplate chondrocytes induced by intermittent cyclic mechanical tension. According to Pfirrmann grade evaluationclassification, 30 human endplate cartilage tissues were divided into LVF and LDH two groups. We found that the distribution of chondrocytes in LDH group endplate cartilage was disordered and hypertrophy were observed compare with LVF group. Through a series of functional experiments showed that with the deterioration of endplate cartilage, expression of collagenⅡand Sox-9 was decreased, p53 and p21 was increased, expression of YAP1 was decreased and a series of manifestations of senescence occurred in degenerative endplate cartilage. Toluidine blue staining showed that with the increase of loading force the morphology of endplate chondrocytes gradually changed after ICMT stimulation, ICMT 16% group the cell arrangement became sparse. RT-PCR and Western blot showed reductions in the expression of COL-2A, Sox9,YAP1,CTGF in the endplate cartilage after ICMT loading. ICMT not only caused degeneration of endplate chondrocytes, but also reduced cell proliferation and stimulated cell senescence. The degree of endplate cartilage degeneration was correlated with senescence level and YAP1 expression. Through a series of experiments suggested that over-expression of YAP1 alleviated ICMT-induced endplate chondrocyte degeneration and senescence in vitro. MRI examination and Pfirrmann grade evaluation suggested that YAP1 interference therapy could alleviate IDD in rats tail in vivo.
Re-defining Wearable Robots: A Multidisciplinary Approach Towards a Unified Terminology
Authors: massardi stefano , Briem Kristín , Veneman Jan F. , Torricelli Diego , Moreno Juan C. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Effective communication is especially important in the wearable robots (WRs) community since it encloses a great variety of devices with applications in several different fields such as healthcare, medical, industrial and military. In this paper we present a Vocabulary of terms that are relevant for diverse stakeholders in the field of WRs. This Vocabulary has been developed in the context of the European COST action on Wearable Robots for Augmentation, Assistance or Substitution of Human Motor Functions. The aim of this project is to work towards the creation of a common understanding of terms and concepts among fields of expertise involved in this field. The ultimate goal is to develop a shared documentation that could serve as a reference to facilitate the use of accepted definitions in the field. The presented vocabulary was first created by including definitions discussed in different working groups composed of several experts in the field. The resulting document was then validated by presenting the definitions to the WR community through an online survey. The survey underlined the usefulness of such a tool to prevent misunderstanding when using terminology and facilitate the inclusion of terms in the documentation. The results of the survey highlight a strong agreement in terms of acceptance of the vocabulary, its usefulness, and applicability of the proposed definitions as well as an overall appreciation for its purpose and target. This work represents a pilot study providing unique material for the WR community encouraging the use of shared agreed definitions.
Evaluation of Computationally optimized Design Variants for Additive Manufacturing Using a Fuzzy MCDM Approach
Authors: Jayapal Jayakrishnan , Kumaraguru Senthilkumaran , Varadarajan Sudhir 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The industry needs generic methods for selecting design variants obtained from the computational tools of Design for Additive Manufacturing (DfAM). Therefore, a decision support system based on quantitative metrics for selecting a design variant is needed to overcome the current industry's barriers to using the unique capabilities of the additive manufacturing process. This study attempts to define multiple criteria for evaluating the design variations under opportunistic and constraint-based design for additive manufacturing. The Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) aggregates four different metrics representing the geometric complexity, cost-benefit, and additional cost due to support structure. A fuzzy power Maclaurin symmetric mean operator is employed for the aggregation of metrics for evaluating the design variant for manufacturing in Metal Additive Manufacturing (MAM) using Laser Powder Bed Fusion Process (L-PBF). The efficacy of the proposed approach is exemplified by evaluating the topologically optimized design variants of an airplane bearing bracket and an engine bracket. Ranking and selection of the design variants using the proposed approach resulted in a 50% cost reduction in the case of an airplane bracket and a 75% cost reduction in the case of an engine bracket compared with the original design manufactured in AM.