bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the diagnostic performance of PanbioTM Abbott SARS-CoV-2 rapid antigen test for the detection of COVID-19 from suspects attending ALERT center
Authors: Ashagre Wondimu , Atnafu Abay , Wassie Liya , Tschopp Rea , Fentahun Dessalegn , Assefa Gebeyehu , Wegayehu Teklu , Wondale Biniam , Mulu Andargachew , Miheret Adane , Bobosha Kidist 
Published: November 2022

Background
The emergence and rapid spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a potentially lethal disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), is causing public health issues around the world. In resource-constrained nations, rapid Abbott SARS-CoV-2 antigen test kits are critical for addressing diagnostic gaps in health institutions and community screening. However, there is no evidence or proof of diagnostic performance in Ethiopia. The aim of this study was to compare the performance of PanbioTM Abbott SARS-CoV-2antigen rapid test kit to the gold standard, RT-PCR, in COVID-19 patients with clinical symptoms suggestive of COVID-19.

Method
A prospective, cross-sectional study was conducted between November 2021 and April 2022, on 120 suspected patients recruited from outpatient, emergency, and intensive care units in one of the tertiary hospitals in Ethiopia. Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from suspected cases and were tested using the Abbott SARS-CoV-2 kit, a rapid diagnostic test (RDT) and compared to the reference standard RT-PCR.

Result
The sensitivity and specificity of the RDT were 74.2% and 100%, respectively. A total of 62 samples (51.6%) were RT-PCR positive. Of these, 46 were Ag-RDT positive. Sensitivity among symptomatic patients was 79.4% (95% CI 68.3–90). The Abbot RDT and RT-PCR had a Kappa value of agreement of 0.735 (p < 0.001). These values were acceptable when compared to the WHO’s suggested thresholds.

Conclusion
The finding from this study support the use of the Abbot RDT as a diagnostic tool in COVID-19 suspects, mainly in those with higher viral loads.
Burnout syndrome among frontline doctors of secondary and tertiary care hospitals of Bangladesh during COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Rashid Fahmida , Erfan Uddin Rabiul Alam Md. , Mehedi H. M. Hamidullah , Dhar Satyajit , Bhuiyan Nur Hossain , Sattar Md. Abdus , Chowdhury Shahanara 
Published: November 2022

Introduction
During the COVID-19 pandemic, healthcare workers had a high workload and were exposed to multiple psychosocial stressors. However, a knowledge gap exists about the levels of burnout among Bangladeshi frontline doctors during this COVID-19 pandemic. The study investigated burnout syndrome (BOS) among frontline doctors in two public secondary and tertiary care hospitals in Chattogram, Bangladesh.

Materials & methods
This cross-sectional study involved frontline doctors working at two hospitals treating COVID-19 and non-COVID patients from June to August 2020. A self-administered questionnaire that included Maslach Burnout Inventory for Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS) was used to capture demographic and workplace environment information. ANOVA and t-test were used to determine the statistical differences in the mean values of the three dimensions of MBI-HSS. Scores for three domains of burnout: emotional exhaustion (EE), depersonalization (DP), and personal accomplishment (PA) were calculated. Post-hoc analysis was done to identify the significant pair-wise differences when the ANOVA test result was significant. Multiple logistic regression was performed to determine the influence of factors associated with BOS.

Results
A total of 185 frontline doctors were invited to participate by convenience sampling, and 168 responded. The response rate was 90.81%. The overall prevalence of BOS was 55.4% (93/168) (95% CI: 47.5% to 63.0%). Moderate to high levels of EE was found in 95.8% of the participants. High DP and reduced PA were observed in 98.2% and 97% of participants. Younger age (25–29 years), being female, and working as a medical officer were independently associated with high levels of burnout in all three domains. EE was significantly higher in females (P = 0.011). DP was significantly higher in medical officers, those at earlier job periods, and those working more than 8 hours per day.

Conclusion
During the COVID-19 outbreak, BOS was common among Bangladeshi frontline doctors. Females, medical officers, and younger doctors tended to be more susceptible to BOS. Less BOS was experienced when working in the non-COVID ward than in the mixed ward.
Measuring the impact of climate change on potato production in Bangladesh using Bayesian Hierarchical Spatial-temporal modeling
Authors: Salan Md. Sifat Ar , Hossain Md. Moyazzem , Sumon Imran Hossain , Rahman Md. Mizanur , Kabir Mohammad Alamgir , Majumder Ajit Kumar 
Published: November 2022

Background
Potato is a staple food and a main crop of Bangladesh. Climate plays an important role in different crop production all over the world. Potato production is influenced by climate change, which is occurring at a rapid pace according to time and space.

Objective
The main objective of this research is to observe the variation in potato production based on the discrepancy of the variability in the spatial and temporal domains. The research is based on secondary data on potato production from different parts of Bangladesh and five major climate variables for the last 17 years ending with 2020.

Methods
Bayesian Spatial-temporal modelling for linear, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and auto-Regressive models were used to find the best-fitted model compared with the independent Error Bayesian model. The Watanabe-Akaike information criterion (WAIC) and Deviance Information Criterion (DIC) were used as the model choice criteria and the Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method was implemented to generate information about the prior and posterior realizations.

Results
Findings revealed that the ANOVA model under the Spatial-temporal framework was the best model for all model choice and validation criteria. Results depict that there is a significant impact of spatial and temporal variation on potato yield rate. Besides, the windspeed does not show any influence on potato production, however, temperature, humidity, rainfall, and sunshine are important components of potato yield rate in Bangladesh.

Conclusion
It is evident that there is a potential impact of climate change on potato production in Bangladesh. Therefore, the authors believed that the findings will be helpful to the policymakers or farmers in developing potato varieties that are resilient to climate change to ensure the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal of zero hunger.
Real-World Practice of Gastric Cancer Prevention and Screening Calls for Practical Prediction Models
Authors: He Siyi , Sun Dianqin , Li He , Cao Maomao , Yu Xinyang , Lei Lin , Peng Ji , Li Jiang , Li Ni , Chen Wanqing 
Published: November 2022

INTRODUCTION:
Some gastric cancer prediction models have been published. Still, the value of these models for application in real-world practice remains unclear. We aim to summarize and appraise modeling studies for gastric cancer risk prediction and identify potential barriers to real-world use.

METHODS:
This systematic review included studies that developed or validated gastric cancer prediction models in the general population.

RESULTS:
A total of 4,223 studies were screened. We included 18 development studies for diagnostic models, 10 for prognostic models, and 1 external validation study. Diagnostic models commonly included biomarkers, such as Helicobacter pylori infection indicator, pepsinogen, hormone, and microRNA. Age, sex, smoking, body mass index, and family history of gastric cancer were frequently used in prognostic models. Most of the models were not validated. Only 25% of models evaluated the calibration. All studies had a high risk of bias, but over half had acceptable applicability. Besides, most studies failed to clearly report the application scenarios of prediction models.

DISCUSSION:
Most gastric cancer prediction models showed common shortcomings in methods, validation, and reports. Model developers should further minimize the risk of bias, improve models’ applicability, and report targeting application scenarios to promote real-world use.
Physiological discrimination and correlation between olfactory and gustatory dysfunction in long‐term COVID‐19
Authors: Mazzatenta Andrea 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe spread of the SARS‐CoV‐2 virus produces a new disease termed COVID‐19, the underlying physiological mechanisms of which are still being understood. Characteristic of the infection is the compromising of taste and smell. There is a persistent need to discriminate the dysfunctions and correlation between taste and smell, which are probably epiphenomena of other concealed conditions. Anosmic and ageusic long‐term COVID‐19 patients were re‐evaluated after 1 year using a Volabolomic approach with an e‐nose recording system coupled with olfactometric and gustometric tests. Here a range of sensory arrangements was found, from normal taste and smell to complete losses. The following patterns of olfactory threshold (OT)‐taste threshold‐olfactory uni‐ and cross‐modal perception were found anosmia‐severe hypogeusia‐anosmia; hyposmia‐hypogeusia‐severe hyposmia; normosmia‐ageusia‐hyposmia; severe hyposmia ‐normogeusia‐normosmia. There is a strong correlation between OT and olfactory uni‐ and cross‐modal perception, a moderate correlation between olfactory and taste threshold and no correlation between OT and taste threshold. In conclusion, this study provides evidence for the feasibility of testing the chemical senses to directly objectify function in order to discriminate taste from olfactory impairment. Furthermore, it allows to hypothesize a long‐term effect of the virus due to neuroinvasion through, probably, the olfactory system with injury in the related multisensory areas of taste and smell.
The Patentability of Second and Subsequent Medical Uses in Asia’s Patent Legislation
Authors: Adachi Kiyoshi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This study examines, from a comparative law perspective, how jurisdictions across East, Southeast and South Asia deal with the issue of the patentability of second/subsequent medical uses. The Covid-19 pandemic highlighted the importance of subsequent medical uses of known medical compositions, as a number of medicines that are being used to treat Covid-19 were originally developed for other illnesses. The decision whether second/subsequent medical uses of pharmaceuticals are patentable in any given jurisdiction is, however, a policy decision to the extent that it is one of the main exclusions available to countries as a ‘flexibility’ under the World Trade Organization’s Agreement on Trade-related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (the TRIPS Agreement). The results of this study show that there is a wide variation in Asia regarding the patentability of second/subsequent uses, and examines the possible reasons for this variation. The paper concludes with recommendations for countries in the region.
Age Structured Mathematical Modeling Studies on COVID-19 with respect to Combined Vaccination and Medical Treatment Strategies
Authors: Chhetri Bishal , Vamsi D. K. K. , Prakash D. Bhanu , Balasubramanian S. , Sanjeevi Carani B. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In this study, we develop a mathematical model incorporating age-specific transmission dynamics of COVID-19 to evaluate the role of vaccination and treatment strategies in reducing the size of COVID-19 burden. Initially, we establish the positivity and boundedness of the solutions of the non controlled model and calculate the basic reproduction number and do the stability analysis. We then formulate an optimal control problem with vaccination and treatment as control variables and study the same. Pontryagin’s Minimum Principle is used to obtain the optimal vaccination and treatment rates. Optimal vaccination and treatment policies are analysed for different values of the weight constant associated with the cost of vaccination and different efficacy levels of vaccine. Findings from these suggested that the combined strategies (vaccination and treatment) worked best in minimizing the infection and disease induced mortality. In order to reduce COVID-19 infection and COVID-19 induced deaths to maximum, it was observed that optimal control strategy should be prioritized to the population with age greater than 40 years. Varying the cost of vaccination it was found that sufficient implementation of vaccines (more than 77 %) reduces the size of COVID-19 infections and number of deaths. The infection curves varying the efficacies of the vaccines against infection were also analysed and it was found that higher efficacy of the vaccine resulted in lesser number of infections and COVID induced deaths. The findings would help policymakers to plan effective strategies to contain the size of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Uniqueness of compact ancient solutions to the higher-dimensional Ricci flow
Authors: Brendle Simon , Daskalopoulos Panagiota , Naff Keaton , Sesum Natasa 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In dimensions

n
≥
4

{n\geq 4}

, an ancient κ-solution is a nonflat, complete, ancient solution of the Ricci flow that is uniformly PIC and weakly PIC2; has bounded curvature; and is κ-noncollapsed. In this paper, we study the classification of ancient κ-solutions to n-dimensional Ricci flow on

S
n

{S^{n}}

, extending the result in [S. Brendle, P. Daskalopoulos and N. Sesum,
Uniqueness of compact ancient solutions to three-dimensional Ricci flow,
Invent. Math. 226 2021, 2, 579–651] to higher dimensions. We prove that such a solution is either isometric to a family of shrinking round spheres, or the Type II ancient solution constructed by Perelman.
Layers of Memory in Kuznetsov’s and Trubakov’s Babi Yar Narratives
Authors: Ionescu Arleen 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This article examines two memoirs of authors who indirectly witnessed the horrendous crimes committed by Nazi Einsatzgruppen squads in Babi Yar where more than 33,000 of the Jewish inhabitants of Kiev were brutally murdered on 29–30 September 1941: Anatoli Kuznetsov’s Babi Yar: A Document in the Form of a Novel and Ziama Trubakov’s The Riddle of Babi Yar: The True Story Told by a Survivor of the Mass Murders in Kiev, 1941–1943. Starting from Kuznetsov’s final remarks on the power of memory that will never fade even if only few witnesses or survivors remained to tell the story, I will show what types of witnessing occur in both memoirs: the two narrators use both “ear-witnessing” (Susan Vice’s term), eye-witnessing, and “flesh-witnessing” (Yuval Noah Harari’s term) in the structure of their books and, following Amos Goldberg’s model for first-person Holocaust memoirs and diaries, I will show how these three types of witnessing unfold the story of Babi Yar.
On Normal-Laplace Stochastic Volatility Model
Authors: Kavungal Shiji , Thekkedath Rahul 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This paper analyses a stochastic volatility model generated by first order normal-Laplace autoregressive process. The model parameters are estimated by the generalized method of moments. A simulation experiment is carried out to check the performance of the estimates. Finally, a real data analysis is provided to illustrate the practical utility of the proposed model and show that it captures the stylized factors of the financial return series.
Performance evaluation of adaptive based model predictive control for ethylene glycol production from dimethyl oxide hydrogenation
Authors: Rohman Fakhrony Sholahudin , Sulaiman Muhammad Syafiq , Murat Muhamad Nazri , Aziz Norashid 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Advance process control is a proven control and optimization technology delivering measurable and sustainable improvements in production yield, coupled with the added value of energy savings. In this work, an adaptive based model predictive control (aMPC) is developed and implemented to control the hydrogenation of dimethyl oxide to ethylene glycol (EG) in a plug flow reactor. The aMPC is compared with 3 other control schemes; proportional-integral (PI), decoupled PI (dPI) and linear model predictive control. The aim is to determine the reliability of aMPC in controlling the production rate and reactor temperature for an optimized hydrogenation reactor. The aspects compared include set point tracking, disturbance rejection and robustness test. The analysis concludes that the aMPC offers the best overall performance compared to the other control schemes.
Efficient removal of dextran in sugar juice by immobilized α-dextranase from Chaetomium gracile
Authors: Zhang Zedong , Wang Sheng , Wei Longhan , Liao Yanfang , Li Dongming , Wu Guoqiang , Wang Wenjun 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Dextran problem restricts the development of the sugar industry. Although the enzymatic treatment based on α-dextranase from Chaetomium gracile (α-dextranase (CG)) has been effective in solving this issue, the lack of immobilization products hinder its industrial applications. This research described a novel and suitable method to immobilize α-dextranase (CG). The purified α-dextranase (CG) was immobilized via cross-linking using modified chitosan as carriers. In addition, this study used a deep eutectic solvent that greatly improved the enzymatic properties of immobilized α-dextranase (CG). α-dextranase (CG) was immobilized by adding deep eutectic solvent (DES-IM-α-dextranase (CG)) showed better temperature tolerance and storage properties than free and ordinary immobilized counterparts. It can eliminate dextran by 59.71% in mixed sugarcane juice and 38.71% in clarified sugarcane juice. The achieved results were considerably better than those obtained using free and other immobilized enzymes. Altogether, these findings confirmed that DES-IM-α-dextranase (CG) displayed great potential in solving the dextran problem.
Prenatal care in the era of economic collapse
Authors: Kesrouani Assaad , Hatoum Inaam , Yared Georges , Atallah David , Daou Linda , Finan Ramzi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Objectives
To describe the effect of economic collapse on prenatal care.

Methods
This is an observational study aiming to depict the changes that occur in prenatal care in the case of an economic collapse. Biochemical screening and ultrasound examinations, as well as medical emigration and private-public sector activity, are discussed.

Results
Starting October 2019, Lebanon experienced significant and unprecedented economic degradation leading to 81% degradation of the local currency, 85% inflation, and socio-economic suffering, and the situation is currently still deteriorating. The impact on the medical infrastructure has been global and hit all areas. The crisis is multifaceted, varied in the way it played out across public and private sectors, and did not affect them equally. Some were better prepared than others to cope with severe fiscal pressure mainly through the support of non-governmental organizations. All aspects of prenatal care are affected by the crisis.

Conclusions
Given the multiple strains on the Lebanese health care system today, the plight of antenatal care providers needs assistance to ensure adequate follow-up of pregnancies.
Monitoring hypertensive disorders in pregnancy to prevent preeclampsia in pregnant women of advanced maternal age: Trial mimicking with retrospective data
Authors: Deng Yali , She Lifei , Li Xiaoye , Lai Weisi , Yu Ling , Zhang Wen , Nie Yanting , Xiao Songyuan , Liu Hongyu , Zhou Yang , Luo Ting , Deng Wen , Liu Jinyu , Zhou Xihong , Wen Ying , Zhong Yanhong , Xiao Lingyi , Ding Yiling , Peng Mei 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This study investigated the implication of monitoring hypertensive disorders in pregnancy (HDP) to prevent preeclampsia (PE) in pregnant women of advanced maternal age. Between January 2016 and April 2021, 262 consecutive pregnant women aged ≥40 years were recruited. Extensive monitoring of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy, including blood hypercoagulability screening and subsequent interventions, was performed in 129 pregnant women in our university hospital. The remaining 133 patients from other centres, who did not receive antenatal maternal pregnancy screening and preventive intervention during the same period, constituted the non-intervention group enabling comparison to mimic a trial. The incidences of hypertensive disorders, mild and severe PE, eclampsia, and chronic hypertension complicated by PE in the intervention group were significantly lower than in the non-intervention group (10.08 versus 20.30%, 8.52 versus 18.80%, 7.75 versus 21.05%, 0 versus 3.01%, and 3.86 versus 15.04%, respectively; P < 0.05). Premature birth, low birth weight, and foetal loss were significantly rarer in the intervention group than in the non-intervention group (6.98 versus 24.81%, 7.75 versus 21.80%, and 0.78 versus 14.29% respectively; P < 0.001). The comparison of MP with routine blood coagulation biochemical examination found that the MP detection system of Beijing Yes Medical Devices Co., Ltd., had similar sensitivity as thromboelastogram. Still, it was significantly better than the routine biochemical indicators (P < 0.01). Based on MP parameters, early anticoagulant treatment with low-molecular-weight heparin or low-dose aspirin in pregnant women with hypercoagulability can effectively prevent the occurrence of PE and significantly improve the prognosis of both mothers and infants.
SETD1A promotes the proliferation and glycolysis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells by activating the PI3K/Akt pathway
Authors: Huang Jianyi , Fang Jinshu , Xu Xiao , Qian Xueshen , Zhang Xia 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is one of the common malignant tumors that the pathogenesis has not yet been completely defined. SETD1A (histone lysine methyltransferase SET domain-containing 1A) is related to the occurrence of various cancers. However, the role of SETD1A in nasopharyngeal carcinoma remains unclear. The SETD1A overexpression vector, si-NC, si-SETD1A#1, and si-SETD1A#2 were transfected into nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells to overexpress or knockdown SETD1A expression. The assay of biofunction was used to explore the role of SETD1A in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells. The assay of glucose uptake, lactate release, ATP level, western blot, cell proliferation, and cellular apoptosis analysis were performed to investigate the potential mechanism of SETD1A regulation in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. This study was the first to show that SETD1A was upregulated in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells and the overexpression of SETD1A significantly promoted the cell proliferation and glycolysis and suppressed the cellular apoptosis. Moreover, SETD1A enhances aerobic glycolysis and cell biological function of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells via PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. SETD1A induced PI3K/AKT activation and subsequently prevented cellular apoptosis. In conclusion, this study identified overexpressed SETD1A as a positive regulator of proliferation that induced nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells’ aerobic glycolysis via PI3K/AKT signaling activation in vitro. This study laid a strong foundation for unveiling the precise anticancer mechanism of SETD1A. The SETD1A may become a novel biomarker for further inhibitor design to obstruct the PI3K/AKT-dependent nasopharyngeal carcinoma progression.