bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhancing Increased Production in an Open Hole Well by the Acid Stimulation Design Optimization using Self-Aligning-Jetting-Tool in Mexico Offshore
Authors: Vazquez Morin Jorge , Landon Francisco , Flores Aaron , Garcia Antonio Manuel , Barrientos Carmen , Troncoso Sergio , Narvaez Ivan Ernesto , Joya Ruiz Jose Francisco , Murillo Andrea , Campos Katya 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
An operator in Mexico was seeking a solution for improving methods for acid stimulation treatment in open-hole wells. Previous bullheading acid treatment in the same field was less efficient compared with selective treatment according to production conditions. In the shallow waters (offshore, Mexico), the acid stimulations are normally performed with bullheading technique; however, there are some cases where it is complicated to stimulate the production zone uniformly, especially in large openhole sections that presents fractures.
Selective acid treatment technique is an alternative solution that represents an opportunity for the optimization of stimulations in Mexico and globally. The selected well has a 234 m open-hole section in a naturally fractured carbonate formation. Breaking usual paradigms, an unconventional treatment based on hydro-mechanical method for selective stimulation along the open hole was applied and completed with successful results. The operation was completed using coiled tubing (CT) deploying the Self-Aligning Jetting (SAJ) tool to stimulate 15 specific zones along the open hole section, each one selected for having the best petrophysical parameters.
A 65% decrease in the acid treatment volume was obtained, which translates into savings in well flow back time, thus less Nitrogen to kick off the well, and removal time to the floating Storage/Production vessel (FSPV), in conclusion, oil production was incorporated more quickly after the well stimulation in comparison to the bullheading treatment. Comparing the two last open-hole stimulations in the same field, the productivity index obtained from conventional stimulation (bullheading) was in the order of 82 bpd/(kg/cm2), while selective stimulation was in the order of 160 bpd/(kg/cm), which is equivalent to an increase 95%. This paper presents the innovative technique of the stimulation with mechanical diversion using SAJ as the best option for injecting high-pressure fluids into specific targets through the open hole, and the advantages of the zones with the greatest oil production potential being stimulated, preventing the treatment from focusing only on a fractured zone or on areas with water or gas production potential.
Genetic diversity and population structure of 93 rice cultivars (lines) (Oryza sativa Xian group) in Qinba in China by 3 types of genetic markers
Authors: Zhang Yu , He Qiaoqiao , Zhou Xixi , Zheng Shimao , Wang Yewen , Li Peijiang , Wang Yuexing 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
The Qinba region is the transition region between Indica and Japonica varieties in China. It has a long history of Indica rice planting of more than 7000 years and is also a planting area for fine-quality Indica rice. The aims of this study are to explore different genetic markers applied to the analysis population structure, genetic diversity, selection and optimization of molecular markers of Indica rice, thus providing more information for the protection and utilization on germplasm resources of Indica rice.
Methods
15 phenotypic traits, a core set of 48 SSR markers as well as SNPs data obtained by genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS, NlaIII and MseI digestion, referred to as SNPs-NlaIII and SNPs-MseI, respectively) for this panel of 93 samples using the Illumina HiSeq2000 sequencing platform, were employed to explore the genetic diversity and population structure of 93 samples.
Results
The average of coefficient of variation (CV) and diversity index (He) were 29.72% and 1.83 ranging from 3.07–137.43%, and from 1.45 to 2.03, respectively. The correlation coefficient between 15 phenotypic traits ranged from 0.984 to -0.604. The first four PCs accounted for 70.693% phenotypic variation based on phenotypic analysis. A total of 379 alleles were obtained using SSR markers, encompassing an average of 8.0 alleles per primer. Polymorphic bands (PPB) and polymorphism information content (PIC) was 88.65% and 0.77, respectively. The Mantel test showed that the correlation between the genetic distance matrix based on SNPs-NlaIII and SNPs-MseI was the largest (R2=0.88), and that based on 15 phenotypic traits and SSR was the smallest (R2=0.09). The 93 samples could be clustered into two subgroups by 3 types of genetic markers. Molecular variance analysis revealed that the genetic variation was 2% among populations and 98% within populations (the Nm was 0.16), Tajima’s D value was 1.66, the FST between the two populations was 0.61 based on 72,824 SNPs.
Conclusions
The population genetic variation explained by SNPs was larger than that explained by SSRs. The gene flow of 93 samples used in this study was larger than that of naturally self-pollinated crops, which may be caused by long-term breeding selection of Indica rice in the Qinba region. The genetic structure of the 93 samples was simple and lacked rare alleles.
Phenological shifts of the invasive annual weed Bidens pilosa var. pilosa in response to climate warming
Authors: Osaki Soshi , Wasaki Jun , Nakatsubo Takayuki 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The synergistic impacts of climate change and biological invasions pose major threats to biodiversity. However, although previous studies have revealed that climate warming enhances the invasiveness of non-native plants, little is currently known regarding the eco-physiological mechanisms underlying the changes in invasiveness promoted by a changing climate. In this study, we aimed to clarify the effects of warming on the phenology and eco-physiological background of the invasive annual weed Bidens pilosa var. pilosa in temperate regions. We compared the timing of germination, seedling growth, and flowering phenology at two study sites characterized by different temperatures (difference in mean annual temperature: 2.8℃). From winter to early spring, germination commenced earlier and seedling growth was more rapid at the warmer site than at the cooler site. In the former site, some seedlings bore flowers in winter to early spring (spring flowering), whereas spring flowering was rarely recorded at the cooler site. The results of laboratory experiments indicated that spring flowering occurred when the daylength was sufficiently short for induction of flowering and when the growth stage exceeded a threshold size. To assess the impact of phenological shifts on invasiveness, we constructed a simple model for estimating the number of seeds produced annually (propagule pressure). Model estimates indicated that even partial spring flowering resulted in an exponential increase in propagule pressure. These findings indicate that phenological shifts caused by climate warming could result in a substantial increase in invasiveness, which is considerably more pronounced than that caused by growth promotion only.
CO2 gas sensing properties of Na3BiO4 - Bi2O3 mixed oxide nanostructures
Authors: Gupta Sandeep , Divakaran Anoop Mampazhasseri , Awasthi Kamlendra , Kumar Manoj 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we report Na3BiO4 - Bi2O3 mixed oxide nanoplates for carbon dioxide gas sensing applications. These nanoplates have been synthesized using electrochemical deposition with potentiostatic mode on ITO substrate and characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) & X-ray diffraction (XRD) to analyze their surface morphology and structure. SEM study shows the presence of horizontally aligned nanoplates stacked on top of one another (thickness ≈ 40 nm to 75 nm). XRD pattern shows the presence of monoclinic Na3BiO4 - Bi2O3. The gas percentage response is evaluated by measuring the change in electrical resistance of the nanoplates in the presence of carbon dioxide for different pressures at 50°C, 75°C and 100°C. Percentage response of more than 100 % is seen at 30 psi gas pressure which increases to ≈ 277 % at 90 psi at 100°C.
Sexual dimorphism in neonates and maternal stature at term pregnancy predispose delivery outcomes: Considering predilection of spontaneous vaginal delivery for healthy pregnancies in Nigeria
Authors: Uzomba Godwin Chinedu , Ezemagu Uchenn Kenneth , Ubochi Chukwuemeka , Ogbu Rachel , Ibegbu Augustine Oseloka , Egba Friday Chibuzor , Onuora Olisa , Ezeonu Paul Olisaemeka , Ezeonu Thecla 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Objectives: We aim to develop a labor protocol for male or female birth, base on maternal and neonatal stature. Materials and method: A prospective study of a cross section of pregnant mothers and their newborn babies, based on convenient sampling technique. A total of 480 mothers that were identified by a gynecologist as having healthy pregnancies and their newborn babies in gynecology ward of Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki, Nigeria, from 1st July to 1st December, 2019, volunteered to participate in this study. Maternal and neonatal anthropometries; weight, height, BMI, waist girth (WG), hip girth (HG), birth head girth (BHG), and delivery outcomes: mode of delivery and duration of first and second stages of labor, and Apgar score at 1 minute of birth were considered. We adopted the guidelines of Institute of Medicine for direct anthropometric measurements.Results: The study recorded low prevalence of cesarean deliveries and abnormal apgar score. Male birth weight was dependent on maternal age, weight and HG (P<0.05). Birth weight and length, WG and HG could predict mode of delivery of male birth. Maternal and birth anthropometric features could not predict the duration of first stage of labor, but maternal age, BMI, HG and percentage body fat could determine that of second stage for female birth. Apgar score was dependent on birth weight and mode of delivery and duration of second stage of labor. Conclusions: The study reveals that maternal and male birth features tend to be similar, and relatively large maternal waist-hip ratio and fetal macrosomia at term pregnancy could be risk factors of male birth through vagina. Advance age of mothers in pregnancy and overweight and large WHR could be responsible for prolong labor, which leads to abnormal Apgar score. Relatively young expectant mothers with normal BMI and WHR could be granted more time during second stage of labor, since it could enhance the Apgar score of female birth. The study provided a comprehensible means to enable the gynecologists and midwives advice expectant mothers on possible risk of birth through vagina, with respect to her baby’s sex and her belief or cultural obligations.
Establishment of an Ecological Security Pattern Under Arid Conditions Based on Ecological Carrying Capacity: a Case Study of Arid Area in Northwest China.
Authors: Cao Xiaoyan , Jiao Jizong , Liu Xiuli , Zhu Wanyang , Wang Haoran 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
With the expansion of the social economy and adjustment of environmental policies, particularly with the onset of development policies for the western region, ecosystems in the arid areas of Northwest China have undergone profound changes. This study collected soil, topographical, climate, and nighttime light data to develop a set of ecological vulnerability assessment indicators based on the background ecological characteristics of the arid areas of Northwest China. The spatiotemporal evolution of ecological carrying capacity were analyzed by our team using Spatial Principal Component Analysis (SPCA) in 2000, 2007, 2012, and 2018 to construct an ecological security pattern. The results revealed that the ecological carrying capacities of the arid areas in the northwest were primarily weak, albeit decreasing, while those areas with strong carrying capacities were increasing. In terms of spatial distribution, the ecological carrying capacities of the Hexi, Northern Xinjiang, and Western Inner Mongolia regions were on the rise, while those of the Southern Xinjiang region were declining. The MCR model was used to extract 51 road-type, river-type, and green corridors with a total length of 7,285.43 km. A total of 71 nodes representing important patch, wet river, and ecologically fragile areas were extracted. According to the calculated results, the arid region of the northwest was divided into 16 ecological security patterns, which were optimized according to changes in their ecological carrying capacities.
Long-term trend of surface relative humidity in Hungary
Authors: Cséplő Anikó , Izsák Beatrix , Geresdi István 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The long-term trends of relative humidity and its relationship with the long-term change of temperature are some of the unsolved problems of climate research. In this paper the results of the analysis of long-term changes (1961 - 2020) in relative humidity and temperature in Hungary are presented. Homogenized station data series were used to perform the analyses. While warming was significant in each season, a significant reduction of relative humidity was observed only in spring and summer. The seasonal variability in the dependence of the change of relative humidity on the change of temperature indicates that the change of temperature directly impacts the change of relative humidity in summer, and the enhancement of evaporation due to the increase of temperature may mitigate the impact of warming in other seasons. Homogenized datasets were used to study the daily variation of the long-term trend of relative humidity. Significant reduction was found at noon in each season, except for autumn. However, the reduction was more scattered during the night, depending on the season and/or the geographical location of the station. The relationship between the surface data and data observed by radio sounding (00 UTC and 12 UTC in time period of 2007 - 2018) was studied to predict the long-term trends of relative humidity in the lower, 100 m deep layer of PBL from the trend of surface relative humidity. The results suggest that this prediction can be reasonable only if daytime trends are considered.
Pride and Guilt as Mediators in the Relationship Between Connection to Nature and Pro-Environmental Intention
Authors: Pasca Laura 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
As a result of the environmental issues, different variables have been studied in relation to environmental concern and pro-environmental behavior. Among these are the connection to nature and moral emotions. In a first study (n =95), pride and guilt were found to be emotions which can be explained by the perceived environmental impact of those rather than the behavior itself. In a second study, it was observed that pride and guilt play a mediating role in the relationship between connectedness to nature and pro-environmental behavioral intention (n = 244). On the other hand, in the relationship between love for nature and behavioral intention, pride, but not guilt, played a mediating role (n = 253). Thus, the importance of fostering both pride and guilt in attaining higher levels of environmentally conscious behavior, as well as of considering people's perceptions of the impact of their behaviors on the environment, is highlighted.
Characterization of Pemigatinib as a Selective and Potent FGFR Inhibitor
Authors: Lin Qianmeng , Chen Xiaojuan , Qu Lingzhi , Guo Ming , Wei Hudie , Dai Shuyan , Jiang Longying , Chen Yongheng 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
FGFRs dysregulation is involved in a variety of tumorigenesis and development. Cholangiocarcinoma is closely related with FGFR aberrations, and pemigatinib is the first drug approved to target FGFR for the treatment of cholangiocarcinoma. Herein, we undertake biochemical and structural analysis on pemigatinib against FGFRs as well as gatekeeper mutations. The results show that pemigatinib is a potent and selective FGFR1–3 inhibitor. The extensive network of hydrogen bond and van der Waals contacts found in the FGFR1-pemigatinib binding mode accounts for the high potency. Pemigatinib is also potent against Val-to-Ile gatekeeper mutation but cannot overcome Val-to-Met/Phe gatekeeper mutation in FGFR. Taken together, the inhibitory and structural profiles exemplified by pemigatinib may help to thwart Val-to-Ile gatekeeper mutation-based resistance at earlier administration and to advance the further design and improvement for inhibitors toward FGFRs with gatekeeper mutation.
Optimization And Assessment Of An Electrochemical Advanced Oxidation System For Synthetic Stormwater Treatment
Authors: Bettman Nathan , Alam Raquibul , Patterson-Fortin Laura , Asadi Mohsen , McPhedran Kerry 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Electrochemical Advanced Oxidation Processes (eAOPs) such as the current Advanced Oxidation System (AOS) are a type of electrochemical wastewater treatment that creates oxidative species, such as iodide species, chloride species, and hydroxyl radicals, that can treat even recalcitrant contaminants. It is important to determine the concentrations and locations of oxidative species in eAOPs for optimization of the wastewater treatment process. In this study, a spectrophotometric methodology was used to determine concentrations of iodide and chloride oxidative species (starting at 10, 25, and 50 ppm) within an AOS under various input voltages (6, 12, and 24 V). Overall, it was found that iodate and chlorite were the dominant species created in their respective treatments. Additionally, the concentration of iodide oxidative species increases with increasing voltage, whereas the chloride species decrease with increasing voltage. The optimal conditions for the efficient creation of AOS oxidative species were 12 V and 10 ppm potassium iodide and 6 V and 10 ppm sodium chloride, respectively. In addition, the use of iodide is recommended for wastewater treatment using the AOS to effectively create oxidative species. Following optimization, the AOS performance was tested for a synthetic stormwater. Results indicated that the AOS performed well for reduction of Eschericha coli; however, reduction of other contaminants was inconsistent as would be expected given the AOS was optimized for disinfection, not decontamination. Further AOS optimization for decontamination would lead to improved decontamination performance.
in vitro antibacterial effect of forsterite nanopowder: synthesis and characterization
Authors: Avram Alexandra , Rapuntean Sorin , Gorea Maria , Tomoaia Gheorghe , Mocanu Aurora , Horovitz Ossi , Rapuntean Gheorghe , Tomoaia-Cotisel Maria 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The synthesized forsterite is usually associated with various amounts of periclase (MgO), silicon dioxide (SiO2), and enstatite (MgSiO3). However, the role of different thermal treatment conditions on the optimal formation of pure forsterite and its antimicrobial activity is not yet deeply evaluated. So, the goal of this study was the preparation, characterization and in vitro antibacterial activity evaluation of forsterite nanopowder (FS, Mg2SiO4) obtained by two major methods, namely sol-gel (FSsg) and co-precipitation (FSpp). To assess the best working temperature for the preparation of FSsg and FSpp, the synthesis and thermal treatment conditions were optimized on the basis of thermal gravimetric (TG) and differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) analysis performed on the dried gel and dried co-precipitated solid, respectively. The FSsg and FSpp powders were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) indicating a high purity for both FSs and FSpp powders. The morphology of FSsg and FSpp nanopowders was explored by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). In vitro antibacterial activity was investigated using a targeted pathogen, namely Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 P as tested strain by broth dilution technique and inoculations on nutrient agar to highlight the bactericidal inhibitory effect. FSsg nanopowder has no inhibitory capacity, while FSpp produced inhibition, the effect being bactericidal at a concentration of 10 mg/mL. The superior bactericidal activity of FSpp against FSsg is due to variation in the own surface properties, such as specific surface area and nano-regime particle size. The FSpp obtained by co-precipitation method is reported for the first time as a novel bactericidal nanomaterial against Staphylococcus aureus. The nanoparticles, NPs, of FSpp exhibited good intrinsic antibacterial activity, which might potentiate its effect as antibiotic nanocarrier against Staphylococcus aureus. Thus, the novel FSpp may serve as an efficient antibacterial nanomaterial for its biomedical applications in pharmaceutical fields.
Lactate/Pyruvate Serum Ratio as a Clinical Prognostic Marker for Severe Septic Patients Evolution
Authors: Cantú-Rodríguez Olga Graciela , Hawing-Zárate José Angel , de Oca-Luna Roberto Montes , Hernández-Barajas David , Villalobos-Gutiérrez Leonel Estanislao , Jaime-Pérez José Carlos , Mancías-Guerra Consuelo , González-Llano Oscar , González-Cantú Graciela Alejandra , Gómez-Almaguer David , Gutiérrez-Aguirre César Homero 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
IntroductionVarious studies have shown that an increase in the lactate/pyruvate (L/P) ratio is associated with higher mortality. In some patients, despite the development of hyperlactatemia, the L/P ratio remains preserved. We determined the impact of variations in lactate, pyruvate, and the L/P ratio on mortality.Material and methodsWe recruited patients above 18 years with sepsis without shock. On admission, we measure lactate, C-reactive protein, lactate, pyruvate. All tests were performed 0, 4, and 8 hours after admission. The SOFA score, APACHE-II, and Shock Index were measured in all participants. All patients had a 30-day follow-up.ResultsEighteen patients in our cohort died, with an overall mortality of 21.6%. The most prevalent post-mortem diagnosis was pneumonia (50%), followed by sepsis of abdominal origin (38.9%), being statistical relevant (p = 0.002). An improvement of at least 30% in the L/P ratio in the next 4 hrs upon arrival at the emergency room confers a protective effect on short term in patients with severe sepsis. ConclusionThe L/P ratio appears to be a good and earlier predictor regarding hyperlactatemia and/or hypopyruvatemia. The evaluation of L/P over time is more important, with its ratio > 25 on 4 hrs posterior to hospital admission as the cut-off point associated with higher mortality.