bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Key topics in pandemic health risk communication: A qualitative study of expert opinions and knowledge
Authors: Berg Siv Hilde , Shortt Marie Therese , Røislien Jo , Lungu Daniel Adrian , Thune Henriette , Wiig Siri 
Published: September 2022

Background
Science communication can provide people with more accurate information on pandemic health risks by translating complex scientific topics into language that helps people make more informed choices on how to protect themselves and others. During pandemics, experts in medicine, science, public health, and communication are important sources of knowledge for science communication. This study uses the COVID-19 pandemic to explore these experts’ opinions and knowledge of what to communicate to the public during a pandemic. The research question is: What are the key topics to communicate to the public about health risks during a pandemic?

Method
We purposively sampled 13 experts in medicine, science, public health, and communication for individual interviews, with a range of different types of knowledge of COVID-19 risk and communication at the national, regional and hospital levels in Norway. The interview transcripts were coded and analysed inductively in a qualitative thematic analysis.

Results
The study’s findings emphasise three central topics pertaining to communication about pandemic health risk during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic in Norway: 1) how the virus enters the human body and generates disease; 2) how to protect oneself and others from being infected; and 3) pandemic health risk for the individual and the society.

Conclusion
The key topics emerging from the expert interviews relate to concepts originating from multiple disciplinary fields, and can inform frameworks for interprofessional communication about health risks during a pandemic. The study highlights the complexity of communicating pandemic messages, due to scientific uncertainty, fear of risk amplification, and heterogeneity in public health and scientific literacy. The study contributes with insight into the complex communication processes of pandemic health risk communication.
Numerical study of sediment scour at meander flume outlet of boxed culvert diversion work
Authors: Le Hien T. T. , Nguyen Chien Van , Le Duc-Hau 
Published: September 2022

Background
Sediment scour at downstream of hydraulic structures is one of the main reasons threatening its stability. Several soil properties and initial input data have been studied to investigate its influence on scour hole geometry by both physical and numerical models. However, parameters of resistance affecting sedimentation and erosion phenomena have not been carried out in the literature. Besides, the auxiliary-like wing walls prevalently used in many real applications have been rarely addressed for their effect on morphological change.

Results
In this study, a 3D Computational Fluid Dynamics model is utilized to calibrate the hydraulic characteristics of steady flow going through the culvert by comparison with experimental data, showing good agreement between water depth, velocity, and pressure profiles at the bottom of the boxed culvert. The results show that a grid cell of 0.015 m gave minimum NRMSE and MAE values in test cases. Another approach is numerical testing sediment scour at a meander flume outlet with a variety of roughness/d50 ratio (cs) and diversion wall types. The findings include the following: cs = 2.5 indicates the close agreement between the numerical and analytical results of maximum scour depth after the culvert; the influence of four types of wing wall on the geometrical deformation including erosion at the concave bank and deposition at the convex bank of the meander flume outlet; and two short headwalls represent the best solution that accounts for small morphological changes.

Conclusions
The influence of the roughness parameter of soil material and headwall types on sediment scour at the meander exit channel of hydraulic structure can be estimated by the numerical model.
Poetic Resurrection: The Bronx in American Popular Culture, Sina A. Nitzsche (2020)
Authors: Ross Jeffrey Ian 
Published: September 2022

Review of: Poetic Resurrection: The Bronx in American Popular Culture, Sina A. Nitzsche (2020)
Bielefeld: Transcript, 217 pp.,
ISBN 978-3-83765-311-3, p/bk, USD 28.87
Мониторинг субъективного благополучия в школе: оценка в рамках современной теории тестирования
Authors: Канонир Татьяна Николаевна , Угланова Ирина Львовна , Куликова Алёна Александровна 
Published: September 2022

Тема субъективного благополучия находится в фокусе внимания исследователей и практиков, однако наблюдается нехватка инструментов оценивания субъективного благополучия с подтвержденной валидностью и надежностью, которые позволяли бы проводить мониторинговые исследования для детей школьного возраста. Цель работы — представить новый опросник субъективного благополучия в школе и его психометрические характеристики. В частности, авторы делают акцент на сопоставимости результатов детей разного возраста и пола. Опросник основан на оригинальной теоретической рамке субъективного благополучия в школе, ранее получившей эмпирическое подтверждение. Для обоснования психометрического качества используется методология IRT (современная теория тестирования). В выборку исследования вошли учащиеся третьих (N = 842), четвертых (N = 838) и пятых (N = 5735) классов крупных городов центральной части России. В выборках соблюдалось гендерное равновесие. Были проанализированы надежность и размерность шкал, согласие данных с моделями, трудность утверждений, проведен анализ сопоставимости результатов тестирования (DIF). Результаты показали, что предложенный опросник субъективного благополучия в школе обладает хорошими психометрическими характеристиками и может быть использован для проведения сравнительных исследований в третьем, четвертом и пятом классах. В дискуссии обсуждаются возможности применения опросника для проведения срезовых и лонгитюдных исследований.
Благодарность. Статья подготовлена в рамках гранта, предоставленного Министерством науки и высшего образования Российской Федерации (№ соглашения о предоставлении гранта 075-15-2022-325 от 25.04.2022).
Transpedicular decompression for painful AO Spine type A1 thoracic and lumbar compression fractures: case series study
Authors: Basankin I. V. , Giulzatyan A. A. , Nesterenko P. B. , Tayurski D. A. , Tomina M. I. , Mukhanov M. L. 
Published: September 2022

Objective. To analyze dynamics of vertebrogenic pain syndrome and quality of life after transpedicular decompression in patients with depressed fractures of the thoracic and lumbar spine.Material and Methods. An observational prospective pilot study included 10 patients with AO Spine type A1 fractures of the thoracic and lumbar spine operated on in 2020–2021. All patients underwent transpedicular decompression. Severity of pain syndrome according to VAS, ODI score, and the magnitude of apical kyphosis were studied in the preoperative period and at 3 day, 1, 3, 6 and 12 month postoperative follow-up.Results. The age of patients was 35–70 years (median 46). The ratio of men and women was 1 : 4. By localization, the fractures were distributed as follows: T10 – 1 patient (10 %), T11 – 1 patient (10 %), L2 – 2 patients (20 %), T12 – 3 (30 %) and L1 – 3 patients (30 %). Statistically significant regression of pain syndrome according to VAS from 9.5 (7.3; 10.0) to 2 (1.0; 2.0) scores during the year (χ2 = 35.5, df 4, p < 0.001) was observed. Noteworthy was a rapid regression of the pain syndrome 3 days after decompression from 9.5 (7.3; 10.0) to 4.5 (4.0; 6.0) and a decrease of ODI score and improvement in the quality of life of patients from 69.0 (58.5; 82.0) to 9.0 (4.8; 10.8): χ2 = 36.8, df4, p < 0.001. During the follow-up period, an increase in the Cobb segmental angle from 5.3º°(4.1°; 6.7°) to 9.7°(8.4°; 12.5°) (p = 0.005) was observed in all patients. However, this did not affect the intensity of back pain or the quality of life of patients. Newly occurring fractures, Kümmel’s disease and postoperative complications were not identified. Instrumental diagnostics revealed spontaneous fusion at the fracture level during the first year after transpedicular decompression in all cases.Conclusion. Transpedicular decompression is an effective, safe and pathogenetically substantiated method of treating vertebrogenic pain syndrome associated with spinal fracture.
Cities with poviat status in Poland and their financial condition
Authors: Kotlińska Janina , Żukowska Helena , Zuba-Ciszewska Maria , Mizak Anna , Krawczyk-Sawicka Anna 
Published: September 2022

The study, devoted to the assessment of the financial condition of cities with poviat status (CWPS) in Poland, aims (i) to position cities with poviat status in the structure of local government and (ii) to examine and assess the average financial condition of city with poviat status in Poland in the spatial aspect, using standard measures (measures referring to the budget result, income potential and the amount of expenses) and those of the authors’ (reflecting the possibility of satisfying the needs of the local government community). The study uses the methods of descriptive statistics. Detailed analyses were carried out on the basis of the authors’ own calculations, using an MS Excel spreadsheet, and the calculated measures were presented for two deliberately selected years (2010 and 2019). The analyses present different pictures of the financial conditions: while the values produced by standard measures in 2019 compared to 2010 clearly indicate an improvement in the financial condition of analysed cities in Poland, the values derived from the authors’ measures do not confirm this. Changes in the values of both groups of indicators are spatially diverse. Both groups, however, indicate that there are voivodeships whose financial condition improved more in 2019 compared to 2010 (classical indicators) or deteriorated to a lesser extent (authors’ indicators) than other voivodeships. This applies to the provinces of Western and Central Poland. CWPS in these regions, due to their location and impact in the region, as well as their attractiveness as places of employment doing business: 1) have been better prepared to start new investments and incur further commitments; 2) attract high school and university graduates and investors; 3) have a large stock of real estate, including extensive infrastructure; and 4) are less dependent on transfers from the state budget.
Ośrodki pomocy społecznej w czasie pandemii COVID-19 w świetle doświadczeń pracowników socjalnych
Authors: Necel Ryszard 
Published: September 2022

Artykuł porusza zagadnienie aktywności zawodowej pracowników socjalnych w trakcie pandemii COVID-19. Główne problemy badawcze dotyczyły: oceny stopnia realizacji pracy socjalnej; sposobu postrzegania podstawowych funkcji pracy socjalnej oraz identyfikacji zmian w funkcjonowaniu reprezentowanej organizacji. Celem badawczym było określenie różnic w profesjonalnym działaniu i w postawach pracowników socjalnych, biorąc pod uwagę typ gminy reprezentowanej przez respondenta, wielkość reprezentowanej instytucji, poziom doświadczenia zawodowego oraz rodzaj stanowiska. Badania przeprowadzono techniką wywiadów internetowych wspomaganych komputerowo (CAWI) wśród pracowników zatrudnionych na terenie województwa wielkopolskiego oraz aktywnych zawodowo w czasie pandemii COVID-19. Wyniki badań (N = 284) wskazują, że pracownicy socjalni w trakcie pandemii szczególnie koncentrowali się na wykonywaniu administracyjnych czynności oraz świadczeniu pomocy w formie działań osłonowych. Było to szczególnie widoczne w gminach wiejskich i miejsko-wiejskich. W mniejszych ośrodkach rzadziej podejmowano również działania z zakresu integracji społecznej oraz rzecznictwa praw i interesów osób w trudnej sytuacji socjalnej. Analiza materiału empirycznego prowadzi do konkluzji o pracy socjalnej w dobie pandemii jako aktywności skoncentrowanej na zaspokojeniu podstawowych potrzeb opiekuńczych i zapewnieniu bezpieczeństwa finansowego osób w kryzysie socjalnym. Natomiast na marginesie profesjonalnych działań znajduje się zaangażowanie środowiskowe, w tym również aktywność obywatelska.
Gott, König, Vaterland – und die Wahlen. Die preußische Städteordnung von 1808 im Spiegel der protestantischen Predigt
Authors: Sterkhov Dmitrii 
Published: September 2022

Zusammenfassung
Der Aufsatz untersucht, inwieweit die protestantische Kirche bei der Popularisierung der kommunalen Selbstverwaltung Einfluss nahm, die in Preußen durch die Städteordnung von 1808 eingeführt wurde. Da die Stadtbevölkerung wenig Interesse an einer Selbstverwaltung zeigte und versuchte, sich den Wahlen zu entziehen, war der preußischen Regierung daran gelegen, die Stadtbevölkerung für die Reform zu gewinnen. Den Stadtverordnetenwahlen wie auch den Stadtverordnetenvereidigungen gingen in jeder preußischen Stadt Gottesdienste voraus, in denen die Pfarrer in ihren Predigten für die neue Städteordnung warben und alle Stimmberechtigten zur Teilnahme an den städtischen Wahlen ermunterten. Indem sie christliche Werte und liberale Vorstellungen miteinander verschränkten, legten die Pfarrer nahe, dass die aktive Partizipation an der städtischen Selbstverwaltung zugleich eine religiöse Pflicht darstellte. Die Städteordnung wurde so als ein göttliches Geschenk gedeutet, politische Angelegenheiten wurden dadurch explizit zu religiösen Veranstaltungen. Der Verbreitung der Städtereform diente aber auch ein neu geschaffenes Bild vom Monarchen. Friedrich Wilhelm III. wurde von der Geistlichkeit als ein die Freiheiten seiner Untertanen achtender „Bürgerkönig“ stilisiert. In Anlehnung an die Bibelerzählung bedeutete die Einführung der Städteordnung für die Prediger, dass die preußischen Untertanen sich aus dem Stand der Knechtschaft befreiten und dadurch mündig wie auch selbstständig wurden. Indem die Geistlichkeit dazu beitrug, die liberalen Reformen „von oben“ durchzusetzen, hatte sie im frühen 19. Jahrhundert maßgeblichen Anteil an der Modernisierung des preußischen Staates. Modernisierung in Preußen fußte demnach nicht auf Säkularisierung, sondern auf einer Intensivierung von Religiosität.
Noise pollution in rail transport. Case study: Baghdad subway
Authors: Jasim Saade Abdalkareem , Iswanto A. Heri , Jalil Abduladheem Turki , Dwijendra Ngakan Ketut Acwin , Kzar Hamzah H. , Zaidi Muhaned , Suksatan Wanich , Falih Khaldoon T. , Alkadir Ola Kamal A. , Mustafa Yasser Fakri 
Published: September 2022

AbstractNoise pollution is one of the environmental factors that severely threaten humans’ mental, emotional, and physical health. One of the most significant sources of this pollution is the noise generated by traffic and urban transportation, mainly the urban railway. This paper assessed noise pollution at stations, passenger cars, and the train operator’s cabin. Four consecutive Baghdad subway stations were used to collect information. There were three modes of measurement: entering the station, stopping at the station, and leaving the station. Leq(equivalent continuous noise level) at station 3 is more significant than at three other stations, confirming that the initial hypothesis regarding the noise pollution rate was correct. Among the studied stations, Station 1 was the quietest. The stations with the highest and lowest Leqvalues are 3 and 2, respectively. The Leqvalues recorded in the cabin are within the permissible range. The highest Leqvalue measured at station 3 is 81.87 dB(A), and the lowest Leqvalue measured at station 2 is 61.24 dB(A). The operator’s cabin at station 3 has the highest measured Leqof 70.26 dB(A), and station 1 has the lowest measured Leqof 61.5 dB(A). While the measured value in the operator’s cabin was within the acceptable range, the noise levels in the wagons were above standard.
Verschlossen, verwechselt, verlegt, verbrannt
Authors: Wolf Hubert 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Die Weihnachtsansprache von 1942 gilt als der einzige Text, in dem sich Papst Pius XII. öffentlich zum Holocaust geäußert hat. Nach der Öffnung der vatikanischen Archive im März 2020 ist es möglich, die mehrstufige Textgenese vom ersten deutschen Entwurf aus der Feder des Sozialethikers Gustav Gundlach bis zur gedruckten italienischen Endfassung nachzuvollziehen. Dabei steht die Frage im Vordergrund, ob die Passage, die auf die Shoah bezogen werden kann, auf Pius XII. selbst zurückgeht und welche Umstände den Papst dazu brachten, seine lang andauernde Zurückhaltung aufzugeben. Schließlich geht es um die Begriffs- und Rezeptionsgeschichte des Texts: Wie wurde er verstanden, und wen sprach der Papst an? Dabei fällt auch ein kritischer Blick auf den Umgang des Päpstlichen Komitees für Geschichtswissenschaft mit vatikanischen Quellen.
¿Es la tecnología valorativamente neutral? Interpretaciones y respuestas desde el pragmatismo de John Dewey
Authors: Mattarollo Livio 
Published: September 2022

De acuerdo con Larry Hickman, el estudio de las prácticas tecnológicas constituye la base y el modelo del proyecto filosófico de John Dewey: el análisis y la crítica de la experiencia humana. En la lectura de Hickman y dada la concepción transaccional de la experiencia de Dewey, la tecnología se caracteriza por su capacidad de transformación del ambiente y del propio ser humano. Así, la perspectiva deweyana permitiría comprender a la tecnología en términos de instrumentos o herramientas. Más aún, según Hickman toda forma de investigación o deliberación tanto a nivel material como conceptual sería tecnológica dado su carácter instrumental.
Una de las preguntas más acuciantes que abre esta interpretación es si la tecnología como instrumento está libre o cargada de valores extra-epistémicos. El objetivo de este artículo es señalar que desde el punto de vista de Dewey la tecnología no es un instrumento valorativamente neutral. Para ello, en primer lugar se recupera la concepción deweyana de investigación y se exploran los distintos sentidos en que la tecnología es efectivamente instrumental. En segundo lugar, se analiza la tesis de la continuidad entre medios y fines y se afirma que estos últimos no pueden tomarse como términos aislados cuya carga valorativa queda disociada. En tercer lugar, se ofrece una lectura de los sentidos de tecnología como instrumento a la luz de la teoría de la valoración y de la noción de experiencia de Dewey y se afirma que esta perspectiva promueve una reflexión política sobre los fines de la tecnología y los valores que la deberían orientar.
Frmpd1 Facilitates Trafficking of G-Protein Transducin and Modulates Synaptic Function in Rod Photoreceptors of Mammalian Retina
Authors: Campla Christie K. , Bocchero Ulisse , Strickland Ryan , Nellissery Jacob , Advani Jayshree , Ignatova Irina , Srivastava Dhiraj , Aponte Angel M. , Wang Yuchen , Gumerson Jessica , Martemyanov Kirill , Artemyev Nikolai O. , Pahlberg Johan , Swaroop Anand 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTrafficking of transducin (Gαt) in rod photoreceptors is critical for adaptive and modulatory responses of the retina to varying light intensities. In addition to fine-tuning phototransduction gain in rod outer segments (OSs), light-induced translocation of Gαtto the rod synapse enhances rod to rod bipolar synaptic transmission. Here, we show that the rod-specific loss of Frmpd1 (FERM and PDZ domain containing 1), in the retina of both female and male mice, results in delayed return of Gαtfrom the synapse back to outer segments in the dark, compromising the capacity of rods to recover from light adaptation. Frmpd1 directly interacts with Gpsm2 (G-protein signaling modulator 2), and the two proteins are required for appropriate sensitization of rod-rod bipolar signaling under saturating light conditions. These studies provide insight into how the trafficking and function of Gαtis modulated to optimize the photoresponse and synaptic transmission of rod photoreceptors in a light-dependent manner.
Preparing for 2023: Guidelines for Hospital Inpatient and Observation Services
Authors:   American Academy of Pediatrics
Published: September 2022

This article reviews changes to the Current Procedural Terminology (CPT®) guidelines for initial and subsequent hospital inpatient and observation evaluation and management (E/M) services. Topics covered include the following:
Codes reported for E/M services provided to patients in inpatient or observation status Distinguishing initial and subsequent encounters according to CPT guidelines Examples of coding for hospital E/M services, including when E/M services are provided in other settings prior to admission to inpatient or observation status on the same date
Peran Ganda Wanita Karir dalam Hadis (Sebuah Tinjauan Psikologi)
Authors: Sundari Sundari 
Published: September 2022

This research aims to discuss the hadiths regarding the dual role of career women with psychological theory. This research applies qualitative types through literature studies using takhrij methods and hadith sharah. The results and discussion of this study include an overview of the dual role of women's careers, the redaction of hadiths on the dual role of career women, the concept of hadith in addressing the role of doubles among career women with psychological theory. The study concluded that women who go out to work psychologically arise from within themselves as a form of self-actualization as well as a hadith context that does not prohibit women from leaving the house to work. This research has limitations especially in psychological review, so researchers recommend that further research be conducted with the collaboration of researchers across disciplines discussed in the research theme.
Türkiye’de Yoksulluğun Mikro Düzeyde Belirleyicileri: Kantil Regresyon Analizi
Authors: VAN Muhammed Hanifi 
Published: September 2022

Öz
Yoksulluk ile ilgili çalışmalar incelendiğinde, insanların yaşadığı yoksulluğun belirleyicileri üzerine yapılan çalışmaların olduğu fakat yoksulluk dağılımındaki heterojenliği dikkate alan çalışmaların olmadığı görülmüştür. Bu makalenin temel amacı, Türkiye için bir yoksulluk profili oluşturarak, belirleyicilerin yoksulluk düzeyleri üzerindeki farklı etkilerini incelemektir. Çalışmada yoksulluk düzeylerini araştırmak için, Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu (TÜİK) tarafından yapılan “Gelir ve Yaşam Koşulları Araştırması” 2019 yılı verileri derlenmiş ve Kantil regresyon modeliyle de analizler yapılmıştır. Ayrıca bu çalışma Türkiye’ de yoksulluğun belirleyicilerini açıklamada kantil regresyon yöntemini kullanan ilk makale olma özelliği taşımaktadır. Yoksulluğun farklı derecelerdeki belirleyicilerinin ne ölçüde ortaya çıktığını bulmak amacıyla yoksulluk dağılımını “aşırı yoksul”, “derin yoksul”, “yoksulluk sınırı”, “yoksulluğa yakın” ve “geçici yoksul olmayan” şeklinde beş grup olarak çalışmada analiz edilmiştir. Kantil regresyonlardan elde edilen sonuçlar, En küçük kareler (EKK) modelinin sonuçlarıyla karşılaştırılmış ve özellikle “aşırı yoksulluk” ile “derin yoksulluk” içindeki haneler ve modellerde kullanılan açıklayıcı değişkenlerin birçoğu için analiz edilen diğer gelir kategorilerinin önemli farklılıklar içerdiği görülmüştür. Çalışmanın önemli sonuçlarından biri farklı yoksulluk kategorisinde bulunan hanelerin gelir düzeyini arttırmalarının önemli yollarından biri eğitim seviyelerini yükseltmesi gerektiği diğeri ise hanedeki nüfusun fazla olması hanenin gelirini etkilemekle birlikte yoksulluk derinliği üzerinde de önemli bir etkiye yol açtığı şeklinde bulunmuştur. Bununla birlikte Batı Karadeniz, Doğu Karadeniz, Kuzey Doğu Anadolu, Orta Doğu Anadolu ve Güney Doğu Anadolu bölgesinde yaşayanlar diğer bölgelerde yaşayanlara göre yoksulluğu daha derin yaşamaktadır. Beklentilerin aksine nitelikli tarım, ormancılık ve su ürünlerinde çalışanların, nitelik gerektirmeyen işlerde çalışanlar ile kıyaslandığında yoksulluğu daha derinden yaşamış olmaları politika yapıcıların ve karar alıcıların yoksullukla mücadelede başlangıç noktası açısından oluşturacakları politikalara ışık tutacaktır.