bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Very long‐term prognosis in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: a longitudinal study with a period of 20 years
Authors: Sugiura Kenta , Kubo Toru , Ochi Yuri , Miyagawa Kazuya , Baba Yuichi , Noguchi Tatsuya , Hirota Takayoshi , Yamasaki Naohito , Doi Yoshinori L. , Kitaoka Hiroaki 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAimsWe aim to clarify the prognosis on patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) for a follow‐up period of more than 10 years.Methods and resultsWe retrospectively analysed 102 consecutive patients with HCM diagnosed by 31 December 2000. Complete and detailed clinical records were obtained for 93 (91%) of the 102 patients. Sixty‐three (68%) of the 93 patients were men, and the mean age of the patients at the initial evaluation was 51.5 ± 13.0 years. During the mean follow‐up period of 19.6 ± 8.1 years (median 20.1 years), HCM‐related deaths occurred in 20 patients (21% [1.1%/year]). HCM‐related adverse events (including HCM‐related deaths and nonfatal HCM‐related events: hospitalization for heart failure, embolic stroke admission, and sustained ventricular tachycardia with haemodynamic instability or appropriate implantable cardioverter‐defibrillator discharge) occurred in 45 patients (48%). The first HCM‐related adverse events occurred in approximately 20% of the patients in every decade, the first decade to the third decade, from the initial evaluation. Forty‐seven patients (51%) had documentation of atrial fibrillation at the last follow‐up. There were seven patients in the end‐stage HCM group at the initial evaluation, and 22 patients (24%) had progression to end‐stage HCM during the follow‐up period.ConclusionsIn our cohort of patients, HCM‐related mortality was relatively favourable. However, approximately half of the patients suffered from HCM‐related adverse events during the follow‐up period of 20 years. It is important for HCM patients to be carefully followed up over the long‐term because HCM is a lifelong disease.
Patient profiles on outcomes in patients hospitalized for heart failure: a 10‐year history of the Malaysian population
Authors: Mohd Ghazi Azmee , Teoh Chee Kiang , Abdul Rahim Aizai Azan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAimsHeart failure (HF) affects an estimated 38 million people worldwide and is the leading cause of hospitalization among adults and the elderly. Evidence suggests that there may be regional and ethnic differences in the prevalence, outcomes and management of HF. The aim of this study was to understand the disease burden and treatment patterns of patients hospitalized for HF in multi‐ethnic Malaysia.Methods and resultsA retrospective, non‐interventional study was conducted utilizing 10 years of medical records from the National Heart Institute Malaysia (IJN) from 1 January 2009 to 31 December 2018. Of the 4739 patients in the IJN database, 3923 were eligible and were included in this analysis. The study recorded a high male prevalence (72.3%) with a mean age of 62.0 (±13.26) years. The 30‐day and 1‐year rehospitalization rate was 6.8% and 24.7%, respectively. In‐hospital mortality was 7.2% with 27.0% due to cardiovascular causes and 14.2% non‐cardiovascular causes. The 30‐day and 1‐year rehospitalization rates were significantly higher in patients with lower systolic blood pressure (SBP, P < 0.001 and P = 0.002), diastolic blood pressure (DBP, P < 0.001 and P = 0.017), sodium (P < 0.001 and P = 0.029) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR, P < 0.001 and P = 0.002) and higher urea (P < 0.001 for both), serum creatinine (P < 0.001 and P = 0.003), and uric acid (P < 0.001 for both), respectively. Risk of hospitalization within 1 year varied significantly by ethnicity and was relatively higher in Indian (28.3%), followed by Malay (24.4%) and Chinese (21.9%; P = 0.008). In‐hospital mortality within 1‐year post‐index date was higher in patients with lower weight (P = 0.002), body mass index (P = 0.009), SBP (P < 0.001), DBP (P < 0.001), sodium (P < 0.001), eGFR (P < 0.001) and higher heart rate (P = 0.039), urea (P < 0.001), serum potassium (P = 0.038), serum creatinine (P < 0.001), and uric acid (P < 0.001). In‐hospital mortality within 1‐year post‐index date was also higher in patients with severe or end‐stage chronic kidney disease (CKD) compared with mild/moderate CKD (P < 0.001) and in patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) compared with those with mid‐range or preserved ejection fraction (P < 0.001). The most commonly prescribed HF medications at discharge were loop diuretics (89.2%), β‐blockers (68.5%), mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (56.2%), angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors (31.5%), and angiotensin receptor blockers (20.8%).ConclusionsThis study provides a greater understanding of the characteristics, treatment patterns, and outcome of hospitalized HF patients in a leading referral centre in Malaysia and will aid the implementation of meaningful interventions to improve patient outcome for HF patients.
Crystal Structures of the Perovskite‐Related System A/Rb/Cu(II)/Br (A=BA, Gu, PEA, 5‐AVA, H2en) with Winners, Losers and Compromises – Versatility from 0D to 3D on Different Levels
Authors: Daub Michael , Natalukha Daria , Hillebrecht Harald 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBy precipitation from aqueous solutions in HBr we have synthesised new ternary compounds of the systems Rb/Cu(II)/Br and A/Cu(II)/Br with the organic cations A=BA, PEA, H2en, 5‐AVA. In addition, we have obtained several quaternary compounds A/Rb/CuBr2. All of the 11 new compounds represent the first Cu(II) bromides of the corresponding systems. The coordination of Cu2+ is dominated by corner‐sharing CuBr6 octahedra, which have four shorter (square‐planar) and two longer distances, due to the Jahn‐Teller effect. There are also representatives with CuBr4 tetrahedra. The dimensionality ranges from 3D (RbCuBr3), over 2D with single (BA2CuBr4, PEA2CuBr4, 5‐AVA2CuBr4, H2enCuBr4,) or double layers (Rb3Cu2Br7, 5‐AVA2RbCu2Br7), to 0D (Rb3CuBr5, Gu2CuBr4). A layer structure with edge‐sharing octahedra is found in GuCu2Br5. Unique structures are found for Rb7Cu3Br13, with a linear chain of elongated (4+2) and compressed (2+4) octahedra, and BACuBr3, with a chain of edge‐sharing tetrahedra. All compounds were characterised by single crystal XRD.
Chemical Synthesis of the Linker‐Armed Trisaccharide Repeating Unit of the O‐Antigen from Pseudomonas putida BIM B‐1100
Authors: Pal Debasish , Chaudhury Aritra , Mukhopadhyay Balaram 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe manuscript reports the concise chemical synthesis of the trisaccharide repeating unit of the O‐antigen from Pseudomonas putida BIM B‐1100 in the form of its aminoethyl glycoside through a linear strategy with rational protecting group manipulations. The challenging aspects of this synthesis include the incorporation of the β‐D‐ManpNAcA and the α‐D‐GlcpNAc residues. The introduction of the desired carboxylic acid moiety has been achieved through late‐stage TEMPO‐mediated oxidation of the primary OH group on the protected trisaccharide. 1,2‐cis aminoethyl glycoside with central glucosamine is used at the reducing end to the leave the scope for further glycoconjugate formation with suitable aglycone without hampering the anomeric stereochemistry.
Effectiveness and robustness of braced‐damper systems with adaptive negative stiffness devices in yielding structures
Authors: Wang Meng , Li Yan‐Wen , Nagarajaiah Satish , Xiang Yang 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis study applied adaptive negative stiffness devices in the application of braced‐damper systems to propose an adaptive negative stiffness amplifying damper (NSAD), and investigated its effectiveness and robustness for controlling the inelastic seismic responses of yielding structures. The adaptive stiffness behavior of the proposed NSAD perform negative stiffness and damping magnification effect within a certain displacement threshold, thus controlling both structural acceleration and drift at elastic stage; when subjected to strong earthquakes, the proposed NSAD would adaptively develop positive stiffness, which limits the inelastic deformation of yielding structures. A set of nonlinear seismic spectra are established for responses including acceleration, ductility, energy dissipation, and residual deformation. Numerical results validated that the proposed adaptive NSAD is effective for both elastic and inelastic structures. In addition, influences of key parameters like flexible support, negative stiffness ratio, and displacement threshold ratio (ratio of displacement threshold to yielding displacement), are carefully studied. From the point of controlling both acceleration and ductility demands of inelastic structures, the displacement threshold ratio is recommended to have a value close to a unit; typically, a reasonable upper limit of displacement threshold ratio is recommended to be lower than 1.5 to avoid amplifying residual deformation.
The information effect of order flows in foreign currency futures and spot markets
Authors: Chen Yu‐Lun , Gau Yin‐Feng 
Published: June 2022

AbstractUsing intraday EUR–USD and JPY–USD data in both electronic futures and spot markets, we examine the important role played by order flow in price discovery and in intermediating the exchange‐rate reactions to macroeconomic news. We find that, after considering the order flows of futures and spot markets, the futures market dominates price discovery when compared with the spot market, confirming that order flows have a permanent impact on prices, even more so in futures markets. Furthermore, announcement surprises in gross domestic product, jobless claims, and nonfarm payroll affect both order flows and exchange‐rate changes.
Clarifying the causes of consistent and inconsistent findings in genetics
Authors: Dattani Saloni , Howard David M. , Lewis Cathryn M. , Sham Pak C. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAs research in genetics has advanced, some findings have been unexpected or shown to be inconsistent between studies or datasets. The reasons these inconsistencies arise are complex. Results from genetic studies can be affected by various factors including statistical power, linkage disequilibrium, quality control, confounding and selection bias, as well as real differences from interactions and effect modifiers, which may be informative about the mechanisms of traits and disease. Statistical artefacts can manifest as differences between results but they can also conceal underlying differences, which implies that their critical examination is important for understanding the underpinnings of traits. In this review, we examine these factors and outline how they can be identified and conceptualised with structural causal models. We explain the consequences they have on genetic estimates, such as genetic associations, polygenic scores, family‐ and genome‐wide heritability, and describe methods to address them to aid in the estimation of true effects of genetic variation. Clarifying these factors can help researchers anticipate when results are likely to diverge and aid researchers' understanding of causal relationships between genes and complex traits.
Brain tumor classification by using a novel convolutional neural network structure
Authors: Polat Özlem , Dokur Zümray , Ölmez Tamer 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBrain tumors located in the skull are among the health problems that cause serious consequences. Rapid and accurate detection of brain tumor types will ensure that the patient receives appropriate treatment in the early period, thus increasing the patient's chance of recovery and survival. In the literature, classification accuracies over 98% have been acquired automatically by using deep neural networks (DNN) for the brain tumor images such as glioma, meningioma, and pituitary. It is observed that researchers generally focused on achieving higher classification accuracy and therefore, they have used pre‐processing stages, augmentation processes, huge or hybrid DNN structures. These approaches have brought some disadvantages in terms of practical use of the developed methods: (i)The parameters of the pre‐processes should be carefully determined, otherwise the classification accuracy will decrease. (ii) In order to increase the classification performance, it is important to determine the coarse structure of the DNN correctly. If the DNN has many hyper‐parameters, the coarse structure will be determined in a long time. (iii) It is difficult to implement complex DNN structures or training algorithms in terms of practical use, because these methods need huge memory and high CPU computation. In this study, we have proposed a novel DNN model to increase the classification accuracy, and to decrease the number of weights in the structure, and to use less number of hyper‐parameters. We named this model, which uses a divergence‐based feature extractor, as DivFE‐v1 for short. 99.18% classification accuracy for the Figshare dataset is obtained by using the small‐sized DNN structure without any pre‐processing stage or augmentation process.
Cover Image
Authors: Xu Meng , Xu Ming , Miao Xiangshui 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe “ovonic threshold switching (OTS)” selector is the key component in modern semiconductor technology for 3D memory integration. The insufficient understanding of OTS physics, however, has impeded the materials innovation and industrial advancement. In the cover, the authors illustrate a machine learning strategy to shed light on the OTS mechanism. A vast amount of structural features are collected to train the neural network so that it can recognize the defect states which are known as the origin of OTS behavior in chalcogenide glass. The machine learning method allows researchers to design disordered functional materials from first principles. (DOI: 10.1002/inf2.12315)
image
The importance of four‐membered NHCs in stabilizing Breslow intermediates on benzoin condensation pathway
Authors: Dubey Gurudutt , Singh Tejender , Bharatam Prasad V. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractN‐heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) have been established to be effective organocatalysts for facilitating the benzoin condensation and many other reactions. These reactions involve the formation of a Breslow intermediate (BI), which exhibits umpolung chemistry. To facilitate organocatalysis, several new cyclic carbenes are being introduced, four‐membered NHCs are of special interest. Whether these NHCs can exhibit catalytic influence or not, can be evaluated by exploring the potential energy surface (PES) of the benzoin condensation reaction. Quantum chemical analysis has been carried out to compare the PES of these four‐membered NHCs with that of standard five‐membered NHCs to explore their catalytic ability. The barrier for the first step of the reaction for the formation of BI is comparable in all the cases. But the barrier for the second step of the reaction leading to the benzoin formation from BI is estimated to be very high for the four membered NHCs. These results indicate that the probability of identifying and isolating the BI is very high in comparison to the completion of benzoin condensation reaction in the case of the four‐membered NHCs.
Lantern‐type dinickel complexes: An exploration of possibilities for nickel–nickel bonding with bridging bidentate ligands
Authors: Langstieh Derek R. , Lyngdoh Richard H. Duncan , King Robert Bruce , Schaefer Henry F. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMany binuclear nickel complexes have NiNi distances suggesting NiNi covalent bonds, including lantern‐type complexes with bridging bidentate ligands. This DFT study treats tetragonal, trigonal, and digonal lantern‐type complexes with the formamidinate, guanidinate, and formate ligands, besides some others. Formal bond orders (ranging from zero to two) are assigned to all the NiNi bonds on the basis of MO occupancy considerations. A VB‐based electron counting approach assigns plausible resonance structures to the dinickel cores. Model tetragonal complexes with the dimethylformamidinate and the dithioformate ligands have singlet ground states whose non‐covalently bonded NiNi distances are close to those in their experimentally known counterparts. Trigonal dinickel complexes are unknown, but are predicted to have quartet ground states with NiNi bonds of order 0.5. The model digonal complexes are predicted to have triplet ground states, but the predicted NiNi bond lengths are longer than those found in their experimentally known counterparts. This could owe to inadequate treatment of electron correlation by DFT in these short NiNi bonds with their multiconfigurational character. All the NiNi bond distances here are categorized into ranges according to the NiNi bond orders of 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2, no NiNi bonds of order higher than two being identified. The NiNi bonds of given order in these lantern‐type complexes are consistently shorter than the corresponding NiNi bonds in dinickel complexes having carbonyl ligands, attributable to the metalmetal bond lengthening effect of CO ligands.
Transparent and complete reporting of confounding in observational research
Authors: Larsson Henrik 
Published: June 2022

AbstractImproved understanding of causal risk factors for child and adolescent mental health problems are dependent on observational research. Although confounding is a major limitation of observational research, this problem is widely ignored in the reporting and dissemination of findings from observational studies in psychiatric journals. There is clearly a need for improved reporting of confounding and more careful interpretation of observational research in psychiatry.
Effects of caffeic acid on the growth performance, growth genes, digestive enzyme activity, and serum immune parameters of beluga (Huso huso)
Authors: Ahmadifar Ehsan , Mohammadzadeh Sedigheh , Kalhor Naser , Salehi Farzin , Eslami Mahboubeh , Zaretabar Amine , Moghadam Mohsen S. , Hoseinifar Seyed H. , Van Doan Hien 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCaffeic acid is a phenolic metabolite known for its beneficial pharmaceutical effects and is suggested as a functional additive for aquaculture. In this study, the effects of caffeic acid on the growth performance, growth genes, digestive enzyme activity, and serum immune parameters of beluga (Huso huso) were investigated. For this purpose, 120 beluga juveniles (367.75 ± 21.32 g) were divided into 12 tanks and fed with caffeic acid at rates of 0 (T0, control), 1 (T1), 5 (T2), and 10 (T3) g/kg for 56 days. The final weight and weight gain of beluga were significantly higher in fish fed 5 (T2) and 10 (T3) g caffeic acid/kg than in the control group and 1 (T1) g caffeic acid/kg. The specific growth rate was significantly higher in beluga fed 10 g caffeic acid/kg than 0 and 1 g/kg. Compared with the control group, the amylase, lipase, and pepsin activities were significantly higher in T2 and T3. The relative expression of growth hormone and insulin‐like growth factor significantly increased in T3 compared with the control group. The expression of lipoprotein lipase and nuclear factor interleukin 3 of beluga fed 5 and 10 g caffeic acid/kg was higher than the control group. The lysozyme activity, total immunoglobulin, and total protein in the serum of beluga significantly increased in fish fed with caffeic acid at different rates compared with the control group. Based on the finding, the results suggested that the inclusion of caffeic acid (5–10 g/kg) in the diets of beluga is recommended to enhance the growth performance, some digestive enzyme activity, and serum immune parameters.
眼周囲外傷に対する救急診療の現状報告：記述研究(Periocular injuries in the emergency department: a descriptive study)
Authors: (Seiya Awata) 粟田 聖也 , (Yoshinori Matsuoka) 松岡 由典 , (Hiroki Kinoshita) 木下 裕規 , (Koichi Ariyoshi) 有吉 孝一 
Published: June 2022

要旨【目的】眼周囲外傷は救急外来で頻繁に遭遇する外傷の一つだが，本邦において救急医による診療実態に関してはあまり知られていない。本研究では，救急医による眼周囲外傷の診療内容について評価することを目的とした。【対象】2016年1月から2017年12月までに当院救命救急センターを受診した眼周囲外傷患者を対象とし，記述検討を行った。【結果】全212例が対象となり年齢中央値は33歳（17.8–59.3）で，若年・男性の占める割合が多かった。受傷機転は眼周囲打撲が最多で55.7%（118/212）を占めていた。救急医による単独診療は全体の71.2%（151/212）を占め，他診療科へのコンサルトは28.8%（61/212）で行われていた。眼科・形成外科的緊急疾患は，眼球破裂を5.2%（11/212），外眼筋嵌頓を伴う眼窩底骨折を0.5%（1/212）で認め，眼窩コンパートメント症候群や外傷性視神経管損傷は認めなかった。緊急手術は眼球破裂8例に対して施行され，受診から手術までの時間は中央値309分（271–368），そのうち6例（75%）が6時間以内の緊急手術が可能だった。【結語】眼周囲外傷において約3割の症例において専門医へのコンサルトが行われていた。救急医は，眼科診察を含む初期評価に習熟すると同時に，平素から専門科との連携を取っておく必要がある。
Development and chromatographic exploration of stable‐bonded cross‐linked amino silica against classical amino phases
Authors: Wolter Marc , Geibel Christian , Olfert Matthias , Su Min , Bicker Wolfgang , Kramer Markus , Lindner Wolfgang , Lämmerhofer Michael 
Published: June 2022

The present work reports on a novel stable‐bonded amino silica stationary phase obtained by crosslinking of surface aminopropyl moieties using triglycidyl isocyanurate. The obtained cross‐linked amido‐amino network silica material exhibited superior hydrolytic stability compared to classical 3‐aminopropyl phases and showed, inter alia, excellent separation of nine therapeutically effective sulfonamides in hydrophilic interaction/weak anion exchange chromatography elution mode. Additionally, the separation of carbohydrates was investigated under classical hydrophilic interaction chromatography conditions as well proving the suitability of the novel phase for such applications. For the evaluation of the hydrolytic stability the prepared material, as well as two commercially available benchmark columns and a set of in‐house synthesized amino‐modified materials, were exposed to harsh aqueous mobile phase conditions for in total of 50 h at elevated temperature. In this context, the materials were examined by elemental analysis, (13C and 29Si cross‐polarization/magic angle spinning) solid‐state nuclear magnetic resonance, and a chromatographic test before and subsequent to the exposure to these stress conditions. Lastly, the new stationary phase was classified in comparison to a set of commercially available stationary phases by principal component analysis of resultant retention factors gained from chromatographic standard tests.
Improvements and generalizations of results concerning attraction‐repulsion chemotaxis models
Authors: Frassu Silvia , Li Tongxing , Viglialoro Giuseppe 
Published: June 2022

We enter the details of two recent articles concerning as many chemotaxis models, one nonlinear and the other linear, and both with produced chemoattractant and saturated chemorepellent. More precisely, we are referring respectively to the papers “Boundedness in a nonlinear attraction‐repulsion Keller–Segel system with production and consumption,” by S. Frassu, C. van der Mee and G. Viglialoro [J. Math. Anal. Appl. 504(2):125428, 2021] and “Boundedness in a chemotaxis system with consumed chemoattractant and produced chemorepellent,” by S. Frassu and G. Viglialoro [Nonlinear Anal. 213:112505, 2021]. These works, when properly analyzed, leave open room for some improvement of their results. We generalize the outcomes of the mentioned articles, establish other statements, and put all the claims together; in particular, we select the sharpest ones and schematize them. Moreover, we complement our research also when logistic sources are considered in the overall study.