bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New splice variants of VEGF as relevant targets for the treatment of renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Montemagno Christopher , Durivault Jérôme , Gastaldi Cécile , Dufies Maeva , Vial Valérie , He Xingkang , Ambrosetti Damien , Kamenskaya Anna , Négrier Sylvie , Bernhard Jean Christophe , Borchiellini Delphine , Cao Yihai , Pagès Gilles 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
The efficacy of anti-VEGF/VEGF receptors in the treatment of metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) varies from patient to patient. Discovering the reasons for this variability could lead to the identification of relevant therapeutic targets. We have investigated the possibility of splicing events leading to new forms of VEGF that are less efficiently inhibited by anti-VEGF/VEGFR targeting the conventional forms.
Methods
In silico analysis identified the presence of an unknown splice acceptor in the last intron of the VEGF gene resulting in an insertion of 23 bases in VEGF mRNA. Such an insertion can occur in previously described splice variants of VEGF (VEGFXXX) and shift the open reading frame, leading to a change in the c-terminal part of VEGF. We investigated the role of the resulting new major form of VEGF, VEGF222NF, in physiological and pathological angiogenesis. We analyzed the expression of these new alternatively spliced forms in normal tissue and in a series of RCC cells by qPCR and ELISA. We generated experimental RCC in mice by implanting ccRCC cells overexpressing VEGF222NF. The experimental RCC were also treated with polyclonal anti-VEGF/NF antibodies. The relationship between plasmatic VEGF/NF levels and resistance to anti-VEGFR and survival was also investigated in a cohort of patients from the NCT00943839 clinical trial.
Results
VEGF222/NF stimulated endothelial cell proliferation and vascular permeability through activation of VEGFR2. Overexpression of VEGF222/NF stimulated proliferation and metastatic properties of RCC cells, whereas its downregulation resulted in cell death. RCC cells overexpressing VEGF222/NF generated aggressive experimental tumors that developed functional blood and lymphatic vessels. Anti-VEGFXXX/NF antibodies slowed the growth of experimental RCC by inhibiting tumor cell proliferation and the development of blood and lymphatic vessels. High plasmatic VEGFXXX/NF levels correlated with shorter survival and lower efficacy of anti-angiogenic drugs.
Conclusions
The existence of new VEGF isoforms has shed new light on the VEGF field.
Universal compilation for quantum state tomography
Authors: Hai Vu Tuan , Binho Le 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Universal compilation is a training process that compiles a trainable unitary into a target unitary. It has vast potential applications from depth-circuit compressing to device benchmarking and quantum error mitigation. Here we propose a universal compilation algorithm for quantum state tomography in low-depth quantum circuits. We apply the Fubini-Study distance as a trainable cost function and employ various gradient-based optimizations. We evaluate the performance of various trainable unitary topologies and the trainability of different optimizers for getting high efficiency and reveal the crucial role of the circuit depth in robust fidelity. The results are comparable with the shadow tomography method, a similar fashion in the field. Our work expresses the adequate capability of the universal compilation algorithm to maximize the efficiency in the quantum state tomography. Further, it promises applications in quantum metrology and sensing and is applicable in the near-term quantum computers for various quantum computing tasks.
An adaptive adjacent maximum distance crossover operator for multi-objective algorithms
Authors: Gu Qinghua , Gao Song , Li Xuexian , Xiong Neal N. , Liu Rongrong 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Most genetic operators use random mating selection strategy and fixed rate crossover operator to solve various optimization problems. In order to improve the convergence and diversity of the algorithm, an adaptive adjacent maximum distance crossover operator is proposed in this paper. A new mating selection strategy (distance-based mating selection strategy) and an adaptive mechanism (adaptive crossover strategy based on population convergence) are adopted. Distance based mating selection strategy purposefully selects parents to produce better offspring. Adaptive crossover strategy based on population convergence increases the convergence speed of the algorithm by controlling the crossover probability. The proposed crossover strategy is evaluated on the simulated binary crossover operators of Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II) and Multi-objective Evolutionary Algorithm Based on Decomposition (MOEA/D). The performance of the algorithm is verified on a series of standard test problems. Finally, the optimization results of the improved algorithm using adaptive adjacent maximum distance crossover operator and the standard algorithm are compared and analyzed. The experimental results show that the algorithm using adaptive adjacent maximum distance crossover operator has better optimization results.
Atorvastatin Improves Cisplatin Sensitivity Through Modulation of Cholesteryl Ester Homeostasis in Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Santos Diandra Zipinotti dos , Guimaraes Isabella dos Santos , Hakeem-Sanni Mariam F. , Cochran Blake J. , Rye Kerry-Anne , Grewal Thomas , Hoy Andrew J. , Rangel Leticia B.A. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: Acquired treatment resistance is a major problem in breast cancer management. Alterations in lipid metabolism have been proposed to contribute to tumor progression and the development of drug resistance. The present study aimed to identify the role of cholesteryl ester (CE) metabolism in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell line response to cisplatin (CDDP) treatment in the acute setting.
Methods: MCF-7 (luminal A), MDA-MB-231 (triple-negative) and CDDP-resistant MDA-MB-231 (MDACR) cell lines were grown in the presence or absence of CDDP in combination with atorvastatin (ATV), lipid depletion or low-density lipoprotein (LDL) loading and were analyzed by a variety of biochemical and radiometric techniques.
Results: Co-administration of CDDP and ATV strongly reduced cell proliferation and viability to a greater extent than CDDP alone, especially in MDA-MB-231 cells. These findings were associated with reduced CE synthesis and storage in MDA-MB-231 cells. In MDACR cells, acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase 1 (ACAT-1) was upregulated compared to naïve MDA-MB-231 cells and ATV treatment restored CDDP sensitivity, suggesting that aberrant ACAT-1 expression contributes to CDDP resistance in TNBC cells.
Conclusions: These findings indicate that the elevated susceptibility of MDA-MB-231 cells to co-administration of CDDP and ATV, is associated with an increased reliance on CE availability. Our data from these cell culture-based studies supports the upregulation of cholesterol homeostasis as an adaptive response that contributes to aggressiveness and chemotherapy resistance.
Ozone Decreases CRMP2 Phosphorylation by Inhibiting Sema3A to Ameliorate Chronic REM Sleep Deprivation-Induced Cognitive Deficits in Mice
Authors: Tu JingRu , Williams John P. , Sun LiNa , Yan YiNing , Liu Yu , An JianXiong 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Sleep is essential for proper cognitive functioning. Ozone can delay both the aging process as well as the associated neurodegeneration. An untested hypothesis is that ozone may play a role in reducing the cognitive impairment associated with sleep deprivation. This study was designed to elucidate the mechanism of ozone’s effect on chronic REM sleep deprivation induced cognitive dysfunction in mice. Ozone ameliorated cognitive dysfunction in chronic REM sleep deprived mice, increased the number of dendritic spines in the hippocampus region and decreased neuronal loss. Administration of ozone may protect against chronic REM sleep deprivation induced cognitive dysfunction by enhancing the expression of Semaphorin 3A (Sema3A) and PlexinA1 concentrations as well as P-CRMP2/CRMP2 in the hippocampus. Moreover, ozone was associated with acetylation of α-tubulin, which, in turn, is associated with microtubule network dynamics and modulates ATP synthase activity. In conclusion, ozone may play a neuroprotective role and improve chronic REM sleep deprivation induced spatial recognition and learning memory dysfunction in mice.
Source mechanisms of recent earthquakes in southern Saudi Arabia: New seismic sources to update the Saudi Building Code
Authors: Hosny Ahmed , Mousa Abdullah , Yousef Khaled , Samy Lotfy , Sadallah Hamada 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Recently in 2020, in southern Saudi Arabia three felt earthquakes occurred in Asir region, in the Khamis Mushait, Ahad Rafidah, and AL-Shuqiq area, of magnitude 3.45, 3.1, and 3.5, respectively, and no large damages were recorded. The most interested event was the earthquake that occurred in Khamis Mushait area, along a lake formed behind the Tadhah Dam (~ 7 km), fearing any damage to the dam's body and the consequent destruction. Moment tensors for each event were computed for determining fault plane solutions, seismic moment, moment magnitude (Mw) and the CLVD ratio, in addition to determining the frequency contents in the waveforms of each event. The obtained focal mechanisms represent different styles of faulting, normal movement with strike slip and strike slip with reverse. These tectonic movements on faults parallel to the Red Sea refer to the tensional forces due to the Red Sea rift system. To identify the reasons behind the occurrence of these events, more than one factor was taken into consideration, which indicated to a natural tectonic movement, with considering the Khamis Mushait event as an induced event due to the lake formed behind the Tandaha Dam. Many previous seismic hazard assessment studies have been conducted in the southern part of the Kingdom, but the locations of these recent seismic sources have not been taken in account in their calculations. Thus, our study provides additional new information related to detecting of new seismic sources in the south of the Kingdom, which contributes to updating studies of seismic risk assessment in this region. In addition, our study pushing us to establishing other additional seismic stations, especially around new seismic sources, which in turn will play a pivotal role in reassessing the seismic hazard in the Kingdom and then updating the Saudi Building Code to mitigate the seismic risk.
Angulation Error Assessment for the Trajectory in the Anteroposterior and Lateral Fluoroscopic Views During Percutaneous Endoscopic Transforaminal Discectomy: Which One is More Reliable?
Authors: Huang Xin , Hou Xiangyu , Li Shuiqing , Zhu Bin , Li Yan , Liu Kaixi , Liu Xiaoguang 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Anteroposterior (AP) and lateral fluoroscopies are often used to evaluate the intraoperative location and angulation of the trajectory in percutaneous endoscopic transforaminal discectomy (PETD). Although the location of the trajectory shown in the fluoroscopy is absolutely accurate, the angulation is not always reliable. This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of the angle shown in the AP and the lateral fluoroscopic view.
Methods
A technical study was performed to assess the angulation errors of PETD trajectories shown in AP and lateral fluoroscopic views. After reconstructing a lumbar CT image, a virtual trajectory was placed into the intervertebral foramen with gradient-changing coronal angulations of the cephalad angle plane (CACAP). For each angulation, virtual AP and lateral fluoroscopies were taken and the cephalad angles (CA) of the trajectory shown in the AP and the lateral fluoroscopic views, which indicated the coronal CA and the sagittal CA respectively, were measured. The angular relations among the real CA, the CACAP, the coronal CA, and the sagittal CA were further demonstrated with formulae.
Results
In PETD, the coronal CA was nearly consistent with the real CA, whereas the sagittal CA decreased dramatically with the increment of the CACAP. The angle differences between CA and sagittal CA were much greater than the angle differences between CA and coronal CA.
Conclusion
The AP view is more reliable than the lateral view in determining the CA of the PETD trajectory.
SELF: A Stacked-based Ensemble Learning Framework for Breast Cancer Classification
Authors: Jakhar Amit Kumar , Gupta Aman , Singh Mrityunjay 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Nowadays, breast cancer is the most prevalent and jeopardous disease in women after lung cancer. During the past few decades, a substantial amount of cancer cases have been reported throughout the world. Among them, breast cancer has been a widely acknowledged category of cancer disease in women due to the lack of awareness. According to the world cancer survey report 2020, about 2.3 million cases and 685000 deaths have been reported worldwide. As, the patient-doctor ratio (PDR) is very high; consequently, there is an utmost need for a machine-based smart breast cancer diagnosis system that can detect cancer at its early stage and be cured more efficiently. The plan is to assemble scientists in both the restorative and the machine learning fields to progress toward this clinical application. This paper presents SELF, a stacked-based ensemble learning framework, to classify breast cancer at an early stage from the histopathological images of tumor cells with computer-aided diagnosis tools. In this work, we use the BreakHis dataset with 7909 histopathological images obtained on 82 patients and Wisconsin Breast Cancer Database (WBCD) with 569 instances for the performance evaluation. We have trained several distinct classifiers on both datasets and SELF selected the best five common classifiers on the basis of their accuracy measure to create our ensemble model. We use the stacking ensemble technique and consider the Extra tree, Random Forest, Adaboost, Gradient Boosting, and KNN9 classifiers as the base learners, and the logistic regression model as a final estimator. We have evaluated the performance of SELF on the BreakHis dataset and WBCD datasets and achieved the testing accuracy of approximately 95% and 99% respectively. The result of the other performance parameters on the BreakHis dataset also showed that our proposed framework outperforms with F1-Score, ROC, and MCC scores with values of 94.17%, 89.41%, and 80.81% respectively.
Grow Newtonian inertia into parameter repetitiveness memory equivalent bio-inertia over the “super-simultaneousness” of quantum mechanics for lifespan
Authors: Lai Yi Yu 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Inversion energy is defined as parameter-against-gravity-internal-fluctuation, the non-simultaneousness in correlated internal fluctuations is defined as quantizing time. Newtonian Three Laws are modified as, first: cosx = sinx = ; second: + ; third: Wavelength = L, frequency = n . Bio-systems are topological spaces that can process input objects into inversion energy for entropy-control by repetitiveness memory, the capability of equivalent procured inversion energy with memorized trigonometric repetitiveness by quantizing time is bio-inertia. Evolution is a process of accumulating trigonometric curve folding equivalent capacity of a space. Schrödinger equation has only quantized energy but still hasn’t quantized time thus inducing quantum collapse. We then define in vivo condition to grow over the “super-simultaneousness” of conventional quantum to reverse collapse for lifespan. Originating from the folding of surface tension regions, bio quantum duality grows in vivo cross-folded surface tension region flow at diverse levels for functioning. Biofunctions including consciousness revive from the elastic quantum growth that follows three modified laws.
Ancient lineages of the keratin-associated protein (KRTAP) genes and their co- option in the evolution of the hair follicle
Authors: Litman T. , Stein Wilfred D. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
BLAST searches against the human genome showed that of the 93 keratin-associated proteins (KRTAPs) of Homo sapiens, 53 can be linked by sequence similarity to an H. sapiens metallothionein and 16 others can be linked similarly to occludin, while the remaining KRTAPs can themselves be linked to one or other of those 69 directly-linked proteins. The metallothionein-linked KRTAPs comprise the high-sulphur and ultrahigh-sulphur KRTAPs and are larger than the occludin-linked set, which includes the tyrosine- and glycine-containing KRTAPs. KRTAPs linked to metallothionein appeared in increasing numbers as evolution advanced from the deuterostomia, where KRTAP-like proteins with strong sequence similarity to their mammalian congeners were found in a sea anemone and a starfish. Those linked to occludins arose only with the later-evolved mollusca, where a KRTAP homologous with its mammalian congener was found in snails. The presence of antecedents of the mammalian KRTAPs in a starfish, a sea anemone, snails, fish, amphibia, reptiles and birds, all of them animals that lack hair, suggests that some KRTAPs may have a physiological role beyond that of determining the characteristics of hair fibres. We suggest that homologues of these KRTAPs found in non-hairy animals were co-opted by placodes, formed by the ectodysplasin pathway, to produce the first hair-producing cells, the trichocytes of the hair follicles.
Effect of post-extubation high-flow nasal cannula combined with respiratory training versus conventional oxygen therapy on postoperative pulmonary complications in patients after major abdominal surgery: Protocol for a single-centre randomised controlled trial
Authors: Yao Mengjing , Jin Biao , Shen Wenjuan , Fu Le , Zheng Xu , Zhan Tiexiang , Luo Liang 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background

Nearly 234 million patients undergo surgery each year, and 1.3 million develop complications. The risk of postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) remains high, especially in major upper abdominal surgery. The occurrence of PPCs seriously affects the outcomes of surgical patients, and the risk of death is significantly increased. This could have a serious impact on the prognosis of patients if no effective prevention or timely intervention is carried out. High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) is increasingly used in postoperative patients and is confirmed to be as effective as noninvasive ventilation (NIV) in preventing postoperative hypoxaemia and respiratory failure. In our clinical study, we observed faster recovery with combined HFNC and respiratory training (using PEP Acapella Choice) in patients with postoperative atelectasis. These two interventions have a theoretical benefit in the prevention of PPCs, but no relevant prospective randomised controlled studies have been conducted. Could HFNC combined with respiratory training reduce the incidence of PPCs compared to conventional oxygen therapy (COT) in postoperative patients? Could these combined interventions reduce mortality or improve the long-term prognosis? The answers to these questions remain unknown. In this randomised controlled trial, we hypothesise that HFNC combined with respiratory training will reduce the incidence of PPCs and mortality and improve the long-term prognosis in this cohort.

Methods

This is a randomised controlled single-centre trial. A total of 328 patients who undergo major abdominal surgeries will be included. Subjects will be randomised to receive HFNC combined with Acapella or COT alone immediately after extubation. Our primary endpoint is the incidence of PPCs within 7 days, and the secondary outcome measures include 28-day mortality, reintubation, length of hospital stay, and all-cause mortality within 1 year.

Discussion

This trial would help provide evidence of the preferred effect of HFNC combined with Acapella on COT in patients after major abdominal surgery. The objective of this study is to determine the optimal choice for improving the prognosis of patients undergoing surgery.
Trial registration: ChiCTR2100047146. Registered on 8 June 2021. Retrospectively registered.
Optimization of A2O Process by Changing Anoxic Tank Volume Based on GPS-X Simulation
Authors: Lei Shuhan , Zhao Jianqiang , Zhao Junkai , Xie Shuting , Zhang Ju , Shi Bingfeng 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In order to improve the nitrogen removal efficiency of the anaerobic-anoxic-aerobic process (A2O), the effect of anoxic tank volume on the total nitrogen (TN) removal efficiency and total phosphorus (TP) removal efficiency were investigated under different ratios of chemical oxygen demand (COD) to nitrogen (C/N). The results showed that under C/N=7, the HRT of anoxic tank increased from 1.8 h to 3.6 h had little effects on the removal efficiency of COD, but largely improving the removal efficiency of TN and TP which increased from 66.8% and 93.8% to72.0% and 95.2%, respectively. Under C/N=10, increasing the volume of the anoxic tank did not significantly improve the removal efficiency of COD, TN and TP. The optimal HRTs of anoxic tank and the corresponding volume ratios of anaerobic, anoxic and aerobic were 4.0 h, 4.3 h and 1:2.5:6.75, 1:2.69:6.75 simulated by GPS-X software under C/N=7 and C/N=10, respectively. The results proposed that the appropriate elevated the volume of the anoxic tank could help A2O process to meet the TN discharge concentration lower than 15 mg/L. Under low C/N, changing the HRT of anoxic tank to improve the pollutant removal efficiency of A2O reactor was more significantly, so this method was more suitable for the case of insufficient carbon source.
Synergistic combination of information from ground observations, geostationary satellite, and air quality modeling towards improved PM2.5 predictability
Authors: Song Chul H. , yu Jinhyeok , Lee Dogyeong , Lee Sojin , Kim Hyun S. , Han Kyung M. , Jeon Moongu , Park Seohui , Im Jungho , Park Soon-Young , Peuch Vincent-Henri , Saide Pablo , Carmichael Gregory , Kim Jeeho , Kim Jhoon , Song Chang-Keun , Woo Jung-Hun , Ryu Seong-Hyun 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Concentrations of ambient particulate matter (such as PM2.5 and PM10) have come to represent a serious environmental problem worldwide, causing many deaths and economic losses. Because of the detrimental effects of PM2.5 on human health, many countries and international organizations have developed and operated regional and global short-term PM2.5 prediction systems. The short-term predictability of PM2.5 (and PM10) is determined by two main factors: the performance of the air quality model and the accuracy of the initial states. While specifically focusing on the latter factor, this study attempts to demonstrate how information from ‘classical’ ground observation networks, a ‘state-of-the-art’ geostationary (GEO) satellite sensor, and an advanced air quality modeling system can be synergistically combined to improve short-term PM2.5 predictability over South Korea. Such a synergistic combination of information can effectively overcome the major obstacle of scarcity of information, which frequently occurs in PM2.5 prediction systems using low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite-borne observations. This study first presents that the scarcity of information is mainly associated with cloud masking, sun-glint effect, and ill-location of satellite-borne data, and it then demonstrates that an advanced air quality modeling system equipped with synergistically-combined information can achieve substantially improved performances, producing enhancements of approximately 10%, 17%, 49%, and 19% in the predictability of PM2.5 over South Korea in terms of IOA (index of agreement), R (correlation coefficient), MB (mean biases), and HR (hit rate), respectively, compared to PM2.5 prediction systems using only LEO satellite-derived observations.