bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mottled Duck introductions to South Carolina: The ugly, the bad, and the good?
Authors: Davis J. Brian 
Published: April 2022

AbstractTranslocations or other movements of wildlife sometimes accomplish their intended objectives, but unforeseen consequences may arise and disrupt locally adapted ecological communities, restructure or dilute genetic integrity of populations or subspecies of the moved organism, and otherwise negatively influences a species’ long‐term fitness. Two historical populations of Mottled Ducks (Anas fulvigula) exist and are endemic to (1) Mexico and the West‐Gulf Coast (A.f.maculosa) regions of the United States and (2) Florida (A.f.fulvigula). From 1975 to 1983, 1285 Mottled Ducks from Florida, Louisiana, and Texas were released to coastal South Carolina, primarily to ultimately establish a legally harvestable population. This movement stirred mixed reactions amid the conservation community. Contemporary information suggests an increasing Mottled Duck population in South Carolina and possibly dispersing into Georgia. Herein, I objectively discuss the potential consequences of this new population per the birds’ evolution, ecology, and management. Ultimately, I suggest that this translocation is a long‐term benefit to the species.
The success of a habitat specialist biological control agent in the face of disturbance
Authors: Kishinevsky Miriam , Ives Anthony R. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractNatural enemies that can use multiple habitats are thought to better withstand disturbances in agricultural systems than natural enemies that are habitat specialists. This is because habitat generalists have populations in multiple habitats that can serve as sources of immigrants into an agricultural crop following a disturbance. In contrast, the dynamics of habitat specialists are tightly coupled with those of one agricultural crop. Nonetheless, some habitat specialists are successful in highly disturbed environments. To test how the magnitude of within‐field disturbance affects biological control agents, we conducted a large‐scale field manipulation in alfalfa fields and monitored the response of pea aphids, habitat‐generalist predators, a habitat‐specialist parasitoid (Aphidius ervi), and hyperparasitoids of A. ervi. The manipulation involved three treatments: harvesting normally (intermediate disturbance); spraying insecticide immediately after harvesting (high disturbance); and harvesting in strips (low disturbance). As a group, the habitat‐generalist predator species showed a range of responses to disturbances, from no response to decreases in abundance in the high‐disturbance treatment, indicating differences in their response to the density of pea aphids following disturbances. Surprisingly, percentage parasitism by the habitat‐specialist parasitoid was little affected by experimental disturbance manipulations. Furthermore, two of the four hyperparasitoids of A. ervi were negatively affected by the magnitude of disturbance, suggesting that disturbance could have an indirect positive effect on A. ervi. These results suggest that a habitat specialist can overcome the detrimental effects of disturbances without using alternative habitats. In addition, disturbance can sometimes benefit biological control agents by disproportionally negatively affecting their enemies from the fourth trophic level.
Synthesis of 1,5‐Disubstituted Tetrazole−Indolizine Bis‐Heterocycles and Their Copper (II) Recognizing Properties
Authors: Niño‐Pantoja Israel , Gallardo‐Alfonzo Arturo , Solis‐Santos Melchor , Ordoñez Mario , Contreras‐Celedón Claudia , Islas‐Jácome Alejandro , Chacón‐García Luis , Cortés‐García Carlos J. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractA novel bis‐heterocyclic system encompassing the 1,2‐dihydro‐3H‐pyrrolo[3,4‐b]indolizin‐3‐one and 1,5‐disubstituted tetrazole moieties was designed, synthesized, and evaluated as a Copper (II) recognizing agent. This was achieved by exploiting the optical characteristics of indolizine and the copper recognizing activity of tetrazoles. For the preparation of these compounds, a novel and simple synthetic strategy consisting in a double one‐pot process involving four‐step reactions was developed. The first process is a one‐pot five component reaction by using propargylamine as a bifunctional reactant to access the key intermediate, the N‐acylated tetrazole. Consequently, N‐acylated tetrazole was subjected to a one‐pot three component reaction, consisting in a bimolecular nucleophilic substitution followed of a domino process to afford the target compounds. The photophysical properties of the obtained bis‐heterocycles were evaluated against copper (II) addition.
Fabrication of Graphene‐cuprous Oxide Hybrid Paste Electrodes for Capillary Electrophoretic Measurement of Polyhydroxy Compounds
Authors: Li Farui , Jiang Kunming , Wu Qianyu , Li Zhenjie , Chen Gang 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAn alkaline mixture containing copper(II) spices, graphene oxide and glucose was heated by far infrared radiations to synthesize graphene‐cuprous oxide hybrid. The hybrid was blended with mineral oil and packed into tubes to fabricate paste electrodes. The electrodes were coupled with capillary electrophoresis for the detection of polyhydroxy compounds. The sensitivities of them on the hybrid electrodes were significantly enhanced by taking advantages of graphene and cuprous oxide. The contents of polyhydroxy compounds in tobacco method was determined by the electrodes with satisfactory assay results.
Bioinspired cellulose‐integrated MXene‐based hydrogels for multifunctional sensing and electromagnetic interference shielding
Authors: Wei Jingjiang , Zhu Chenglong , Zeng Zhihui , Pan Fei , Wan Fuqiang , Lei Liwen , Nyström Gustav , Fu Zhengyi 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBioinspired hydrogels are complex materials with distinctive properties comparable to biological tissues. Their exceptional sensitivity to various external stimuli leads to substantial application potential in wearable smart devices. However, these multifaceted hydrogels are often challenging to be combined with pattern customization, stimulus responsiveness, self‐healing, and biocompatibility. Herein, inspired by mussel secretions, a printable, self‐healing, and biocompatible MXene‐based composite hydrogel was designed and prepared by incorporating Ti3C2Tx MXene nanosheets into the hydrogel framework through the chelation of calcium ions (Ca2+) with polyacrylic acid and cellulose nanofibers at alkaline conditions. The biocompatible conductive hydrogel exhibited sensitivity (gauge factor of 2.16), self‐healing (within 1 s), recognition, and adhesion, distinguishing it as an ideal candidate for wearable multifunctional sensors toward strain sensing, vocal sensing, signature detection, and Morse code transmission. Additionally, the multifunctional hydrogel manifested efficient electromagnetic interference shielding properties (reaching more than 30 dB at a thickness of 2.0 mm), protecting electronics and humans from electromagnetic radiation and pollution. Therefore, the presented work represents a versatile strategy for developing environmentally friendly conductive hydrogels, demonstrating the perspectives of intelligent hydrogels for multifunctional applications.
Salvage focal brachytherapy in castration‐resistant prostate cancer with neuroendocrine differentiation after radiation therapy
Authors: Komori Takahiro , Kosaka Takeo , Watanabe Keitaro , Tanaka Tomoki , Yasumizu Yota , Hongo Hiroshi , Mikami Shuji , Ohashi Toshio , Oya Mototsugu 
Published: April 2022

IntroductionTreatment strategy for castration‐resistant prostate cancer with neuroendocrine differentiation after radiation therapy has not been established.Case presentationWe described a case of castration‐resistant prostate cancer with neuroendocrine differentiation after initial external beam radiotherapy followed by salvage androgen deprivation therapy. Magnetic resonance imaging detected recurrence of a suspicious lesion in the left lobe of the prostate, although the prostate‐specific antigen level was <0.2 ng/mL. Transperineal prostate saturation needle biopsy detected adenocarcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation. The patient underwent salvage focal brachytherapy and had a prostate‐specific antigen progression‐free survival of 20 months with no obvious adverse events. No recurrence has been detected on magnetic resonance imaging for 18 months.ConclusionSalvage focal brachytherapy for prostate cancer after external beam radiotherapy can be one of the treatment strategies for local recurrence of castration‐resistant prostate cancer with neuroendocrine differentiation.
Biodegradable polyurethane scaffolds in regenerative medicine: Clinical translation review
Authors: Pedersen Drake D. , Kim Seungil , Wagner William R. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractEarly explorations of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine concepts commonly utilized simple polyesters such as polyglycolide, polylactide, and their copolymers as scaffolds. These biomaterials were deemed clinically acceptable, readily accessible, and provided processability and a generally known biological response. With experience and refinement of approaches, greater control of material properties and integrated bioactivity has received emphasis and a broadened palette of synthetic biomaterials has been employed. Biodegradable polyurethanes (PUs) have emerged as an attractive option for synthetic scaffolds in a variety of tissue applications because of their flexibility in molecular design and ability to fulfill mechanical property objectives, particularly in soft tissue applications. Biodegradable PUs are highly customizable based on their composition and processability to impart tailored mechanical and degradation behavior. Additionally, bioactive agents can be readily incorporated into these scaffolds to drive a desired biological response. Enthusiasm for biodegradable PU scaffolds has soared in recent years, leading to rapid growth in the literature documenting novel PU chemistries, scaffold designs, mechanical properties, and aspects of biocompatibility. Despite the enthusiasm in the field, there are still few examples of biodegradable PU scaffolds that have achieved regulatory approval and routine clinical use. However, there is a growing literature where biodegradable PU scaffolds are being specifically developed for a wide range of pathologies and where relevant pre‐clinical models are being employed. The purpose of this review is first to highlight examples of clinically used biodegradable PU scaffolds, and then to summarize the growing body of reports on pre‐clinical applications of biodegradable PU scaffolds.
Atractylodin induces oxidative stress‐mediated apoptosis and autophagy in human breast cancer MCF‐7 cells through inhibition of the P13K/Akt/mTOR pathway
Authors: Li Zuowei , Song YeLin , Hou Wangjun , Qi Yingzi , Lu Xuxiang , Xue Ye , Huang Jie , Fang Qiong 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis study aimed to determine the apoptosis and autophagy‐inducing mechanism of atractylodin in human breast cancer MCF‐7 cells. The molecular mechanism of anticancer activity of atractylodin was confirmed by assessing the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, lipid peroxidation (LPO), antioxidants activity, dual staining, and comet assay. Moreover, cleaved caspases 3, 8, and 9, and signaling proteins, such as p53, Bcl‐2, and Bax, phosphatidylinositol‐3‐kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin(P13K/Akt/mTOR), LC3I and LC3II, and beclin‐1 were analyzed. In MCF‐7 cells treated with atractylodin, the concentration‐dependent toxicity, increased LPO, increased production of ROS, and decreased activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidasewere observed. In MCF‐7 cells, atractylodin administration decreased Bcl‐2 expression while activating the expression of p53, Bax, cleaved caspase‐3, caspase‐8, and caspase‐9 apoptotic members. Furthermore, atractylodin blocked the P13K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway, increased the conversion of LC3I to its lipidated form of LC3II, and increased beclin‐1 expression, whereas downregulated the p62 expression in MCF‐7 cells. As a result, altering apoptotic and autophagy‐related biomarkers, atractylodin triggered apoptosis and autophagy in MCF‐7 cells. As a result, atractylodin could be utilized to treat human breast cancer after the proper clinical trial.
Creatinine–cystatin C ratio and mortality in cancer patients: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Jung Chan‐Young , Kim Hyung Woo , Han Seung Hyeok , Yoo Tae‐Hyun , Kang Shin‐Wook , Park Jung Tak 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundMuscle wasting is prevalent in cancer patients, and early recognition of this phenomenon is important for risk stratification. Recent studies have suggested that the creatinine–cystatin C ratio may correlate with muscle mass in several patient populations. The association between creatinine–cystatin C ratio and survival was assessed in cancer patients.MethodsA total of 3060 patients who were evaluated for serum creatinine and cystatin C levels at the time of cancer diagnosis were included. The primary outcome was 6‐month mortality. The 1‐year mortality, and length of intensive care unit (ICU) and hospital stay were also evaluated.ResultsThe mean age was 61.6 ± 13.5 years, and 1409 patients (46.0%) were female. The median creatinine and cystatin C levels were 0.9 (interquartile range [IQR], 0.6–1.3) mg/dL and 1.0 (IQR, 0.8–1.5) mg/L, respectively, with a creatinine–cystatin C ratio range of 0.12–12.54. In the Cox proportional hazards analysis, an increase in the creatinine–cystatin C ratio was associated with a significant decrease in the 6‐month mortality (per 1 creatinine–cystatin C ratio, hazard ratio [HR] 0.35; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.28–0.44). When stratified into quartiles, the risk of 6‐month mortality was significantly lower in the highest quartile (HR 0.30; 95% CI, 0.24–0.37) than in the lowest quartile. Analysis of 1‐year mortality outcomes revealed similar findings. These associations were independent of confounding factors. The highest quartile was also associated with shorter lengths of ICU and hospital stay (both P < 0.001).ConclusionsThe creatinine–cystatin C ratio at the time of cancer diagnosis significantly associates with survival and hospitalization in cancer patients.
Perceptions and knowledge of nurses on incident reporting systems: Exploratory study in three Northeastern Italian Departments
Authors: Napoli Giovanni 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Reporting of adverse clinical events (IRs) is believed to be an effective methodology for optimizing health care safety, however, only 1%–3% of incidents are reported by healthcare professionals, lack of information resulting from errors/adverse events/near misses limits the development of safety and improvement measures. This study aimed to identify barrier factors/incentives to report adverse events and find possible improvement strategies and possible correlations between the population under examination and the willingness to report through Incident Reporting. An ad hoc questionnaire was used and administered to 122 nurses belonging to three different departments of an Italian hospital. The frequency with which improvement interventions are noted following an IR report (p = 0.014) and the support received from their managers (p = 0.014) in reporting are among the factors that can have the greatest impact on the use of IR among the respondents. The no‐blame policies and the attention that nursing managers place on clinical risk management can influence the culture of safety among nurses. Involving nurse managers in the dissemination of the IR can represent a possible strategy to be undertaken by corporate clinical risk managers in order to increase the culture of safety among nurses.
Conceptualizing forgiveness: A review and path forward
Authors: Brady Daniel L. , Saldanha Maria Francisca , Barclay Laurie J. 
Published: April 2022

SummaryForgiveness is a valuable conflict management strategy that has numerous benefits in workplace settings (e.g., for employees, team dynamics, dyadic relationships, and organizations). However, important conceptual questions have emerged, especially as scholars have begun to examine forgiveness in the workplace. To better understand these issues, we conduct a critical review and analysis of the extant literature to identify key conceptual issues that are creating challenges for the study of forgiveness in organizational behavior. Building on these insights, we propose that conceptualizing forgiveness as a special case of emotion regulation can provide a strong conceptual and theoretical foundation that can address these challenges. Moreover, we outline how this approach can create exciting new research avenues that can enhance our theoretical understanding of forgiveness (e.g., distinguishing between the processes underlying forgiveness; identifying points of intervention to promote forgiveness; exploring the role of time in forgiveness; examining how context impacts forgiveness). We also identify how this approach can provide novel practical insights into how forgiveness can be facilitated and effectively managed in the workplace.
Detection of thiram on fruit surfaces and in juices with minimum sample pretreatment via a bendable and reusable substrate for surface‐enhanced Raman scattering
Authors: Wu Jiaqi , Huang Yiqun , Miao Junjian , Lai Keqiang 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDSurface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrates based on metallic nanoparticles locked in some flexible materials have great potential for rapid detection of pesticide residues in foods, but these substrates are generally not reusable.RESULTSA bendable and reusable sponge based on polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and Au nanospheres was synthesized and employed as SERS substrate to analyze thiram on the surfaces of apples and grapes (20–1000 ng cm−2) and in their juices (0.5–5.0 mg L−1) with minimum sample pretreatments. The lowest detectible concentrations for thiram in fruit juices and on fruit skins were 0.5 mg L−1 and 20 ng cm−2, respectively. The Au‐PDMS substrate had acceptable intra‐reproducibility for SERS analysis of thiram in fruit juices and on fruit skins, resulting in 3.6–16.9% relative standard deviation (RSD) for the SERS signal of the primary peak of thiram. Moreover, the Au‐PDMS substrate exhibited distinguished reusability and stability, which could provide a reproducible SERS signal of thiram in apple juice even after the substrate being reused ten times (RSDs for the three major characteristic peaks of thiram were 2.7–10.5% during the ten reused cycles).CONCLUSIONThis flexible and reusable Au‐PDMS SERS substrate for thiram detection could be readily extended to the analysis of other trace chemicals in a broad range of foods, providing a new possibility for SERS application. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Nonseparable States of Light: From Quantum to Classical
Authors: Shen Yijie , Rosales‐Guzmán Carmelo 
Published: April 2022

AbstractControlling the various degrees‐of‐freedom (DoFs) of structured light at both quantum and classical levels is of paramount importance in optics. It is a conventional paradigm to treat diverse DoFs separately in light shaping. While, the more general case of nonseparable states of light, in which two or more DoFs are coupled in a nonseparable way, has become topical recently. Importantly, classical nonseparable states of light are mathematically analogue to quantum entangled states. Such similarity has hatched attractive studies in structured light, for example, the spin‐orbit coupling in vector beams. However, nonseparable classical states of light are still treated in a fragmented fashion, while its forms are not limited by vector beams and its potential is certainly not fully exploited. For instance, exotic space‐time coupled pulses open nontrivial light shaping toward ultrafast time scales, and ray‐wave geometric beams provide new dimensions in optical manipulations. Here, a bird's eye view on the rapidly growing but incoherent body of work on general nonseparable states involving various DoFs of light is provided and a unified framework for their classification and tailoring, providing a perspective on new opportunities for both fundamental science and applications, is introduced.
A Porphyrinic Donor–Acceptor Conjugated Porous Polymer as Highly Efficient Photocatalyst for PET–RAFT Polymerization
Authors: Zhao Maoji , Zhu Shuaishuai , Yang Xue , Wang Yong , Zhou Xingping , Xie Xiaolin 
Published: April 2022

AbstractHeterogeneous catalysts offer a highly desirable platform for exploring environmental‐benign transformation systems, yet, they typically suffer from significant loss of catalytic efficiency compared with their homogeneous counterparts. Here, the facile synthesis of a porphyrinic conjugated porous polymer incorporated with imidazolium bromide moieties by taking advantage of the Debus–Radziszewski reaction is reported. Owing to the unique donor–acceptor structure, this heterogeneous and metal‐free photocatalyst exhibits much improved catalytic activity compared with its small molecular analogs in photoinduced electron transfer reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (PET–RAFT) polymerization, producing polymers with narrow distribution (Đ = 1.06–1.18) and high degree of chain‐end fidelity. Moreover, the heterogeneous catalyst can be easily separated at the end of polymerization by centrifugation and recycled for five independent PET–RAFT polymerizations without obvious decreases in catalytic efficiency.
Optical black hole characteristics using microring space‐time distortion circuit
Authors: Prabpal Prakasit , Youplao Phichai , Ray Kanad , Boonkirdram Sarawoot , Yupapin Preecha 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAn optical black hole circuit designing and modeling using microring Kerr effect within the microring resonator system is proposed. An InGaAsP/InP material other than metamaterials are employed for optical black hole generation. The input sources are the space‐time function modulations, where the resonant space‐time distortion of the electric field propagation through the circuit can be arranged to meet the balanced optical path differences. The nonlinearr Kerr effect can be generated by the two side rings and induced into the center ring. The optical black hole circuit characteristics are investigated from the event horizon to the singularity area, where the potential for a high‐performance light absorber can be envisaged. In applications, the device can be employed in photovoltaics and quantum technology.