bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fetal aortic coarctation: A combination of third-trimester echocardiographic parameters to improve the prediction of postnatal outcome
Authors: Tuo Giulia , Paladini Dario , Marasini Lucia , Buratti Silvia , De Tonetti Gabriele , Calevo Maria G. , Marasini Maurizio 
Published: October 2022

ObjectivesThis study aims to determine a combination of third-trimester echocardiographic parameters for improving the prenatal prediction of coarctation of the aorta (CoA) after birth.MethodsWe included all cases of suspected CoA during fetal echocardiography performed in the second and/or third trimester of pregnancy at Gaslini Children's Hospital between January 2010 and December 2020. The last prenatal ultrasound evaluation was reviewed considering most of the echocardiographic criteria were already published for prenatal CoA diagnosis. Associated minor cardiac anomalies, such as a ventricular septal defect, persistent left superior vena cava (PLSCV), and redundant foramen ovale (FO) membrane, as well as postnatal outcomes, were reported. Initial perinatal management was defined based on the risk stratification of CoA during prenatal echocardiography. Neonates were divided into two groups depending on the presence or absence of CoA after birth.ResultsA total of 91 fetuses with CoA suspicion were selected, of which 27 (30%) were confirmed with CoA after birth and underwent surgical repair. All cardiac parameters except redundant FO membrane and PLSCV showed a significant correlation with CoA. Statistical analysis confirmed that cardiovascular disproportion with right predominance carries an increased risk for occurrence of CoA, especially if already evident during the ultrasound evaluation in the second trimester. Aortic valve (AV) z-score and distal transverse aortic arch (TAA) z-score resulted as the best predictors of CoA after birth. The best cutoff point for CoA discrimination with ROC analysis was an AV z-score of −1.25 and a distal TAA z-score of −0.37. A total of 46% of those without CoA were diagnosed with a cardiac defect, which was not diagnosed in utero, pulmonary hypertension, or a genetic syndrome.ConclusionThe current criteria for diagnosing CoAin uteroallow accurate diagnosis of most severe cases but the rate of false positives remains relatively high for milder cases. A combination of anatomic and functional echocardiographic parameters might be used in stratifying the risk of CoA. We proposed the AV and the TAA diameter z-scores as the best predictors of CoA after birth. In addition, neonates without CoA deserve proper monitoring at birth because prenatal evidence of a significant cardiovascular discrepancy between the right and left cardiac structures has an inherent risk for additional morbidity postnatally.
A comprehensive analysis of the prognostic value and immune infiltration of low expression DBT in clear cell renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Xie Wenjie , Xi Ping , Liu Yifu , Zhang Zhicheng , Sun Ting 
Published: October 2022

Background: Although DBT is strongly associated with human tumorigenesis and progression through a variety of pathways, the role of DBT in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) has not been well established.Materials and methods: The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)-Kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) databset provides RNA sequencing data and clinicopathological information on ccRCC. The Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database was used to validate the DBT expression levels, and qPCR was used to examine the DBT expression in renal cancer cell lines and ccRCC tissue samples from our centre. In parallel, DBT protein expression was explored in the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) database, and western blotting and immunohistochemistry of renal cancer cell lines and ccRCC tissues validated the results. Additionally, the diagnostic and prognostic value of DBT was comprehensively evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses, and Kaplan‒Meier survival analysis. The protein‒protein interaction (PPI) network based on the STRING website, Gene Ontology (GO) analysis, Kyoto Gene and Genome Encyclopedia (KEGG) analysis and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) further provided a landscape of the molecular mechanisms of DBT in ccRCC. Finally, the TIMER 2.0, GEPIA and TISIDB websites were used to understand the relationship between DBT and immune characteristics.Results: The mRNA expression and protein expression of DBT were significantly downregulated in ccRCC tissues relative to normal tissues, which was associated with poor clinical outcomes. DBT has an encouraging discriminatory power for ccRCC and is an independent prognostic factor for ccRCC patients. Mechanistically, DBT is mainly involved in the regulation of immune-related signalling pathways in ccRCC; it is associated with a variety of immune infiltrating cells and immune checkpoints.Conclusion: DBT is a tumour suppressor gene in ccRCC and could be used as a new biomarker for diagnostic and prognostic purposes, and it is associated with immune infiltration in ccRCC.
New insight into the analgesic recipe: A cohort study based on smart patient-controlled analgesia pumps records
Authors: Song Yiyan , He Qiulan , Huang Wenzhong , Yang Lu , Zhou Shaopeng , Xiao Xiaoyu , Wang Zhongxing , Huang Wenqi 
Published: October 2022

Purpose: Intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (IV-PCA) has been widely used; however, regimen criteria have not yet been established. In China, the most often used opioid is sufentanil, for which repeated doses are a concern, and empirical flurbiprofen axetil (FBP) as an adjuvant. We hypothesized that hydromorphone would be a better choice and also evaluated the effectiveness of FBP as an adjuvant.Methods: This historical cohort study was conducted in two tertiary hospitals in China and included 12,674 patients using hydromorphone or sufentanil for IV-PCA between April 1, 2017, and January 30, 2021. The primary outcome was analgesic insufficiency at static (AIS). The secondary outcomes included analgesic insufficiency with movement (AIM) and common opioid-related adverse effects such as postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) and dizziness.Results: Sufentanil, but not the sufentanil-FBP combination, was associated with higher risks of AIS and AIM compared to those for hydromorphone (OR 1.64 [1.23, 2.19], p &lt; 0.001 and OR 1.42 [1.16, 1.73], p &lt; 0.001). Hydromorphone combined with FBP also decreased the risk of both AIS and AIM compared to those for pure hydromorphone (OR 0.74 [0.61, 0.90], p = 0.003 and OR 0.80 [0.71, 0.91], p &lt; 0.001). However, the risk of PONV was higher in patients aged ≤35 years using FBP (hydromorphone-FBP vs. hydromorphone and sufentanil-FBP vs. hydromorphone, OR 1.69 [1.22, 2.33], p = 0.001 and 1.79 [1.12, 2.86], p = 0.015).Conclusion: Hydromorphone was superior to sufentanil for IV-PCA in postoperative analgesia. Adding FBP may improve the analgesic effects of both hydromorphone and sufentanil but was associated with an increased risk of PONV in patients &lt;35 years of age.
The protective effect of 17 β-estradiol on human uterosacral ligament fibroblasts from postmenopausal women with pelvic organ prolapse
Authors: Xie Ting , Guo Dan , Guo Tao , Zhu Yapei , Li Fangyuan , Zhang Sumei , Lang Jinghe , Sun Zhijing 
Published: October 2022

This study aims to explore the protective effects of 17 β-estradiol on the human uterosacral ligament fibroblasts (hUSLFs) under static or stretched conditions. The experiments were performed on hUSLFs derived from pelvic organ prolapse (POP) and non-POP patients. Fibroblasts were cultured after collagenase digestion and identified by morphological observation and immunocytochemical methods. 17 β-estradiol (10−10 M and 10−9 M) and mechanical stress induced by the FX-5000 T-cell stress loading system under a loading strain of 1/2 sin waveform uniaxial cyclic stress with a tensile strain of 20% and a frequency of 0.5 Hz were either or both applied on hUSLFs. Cell proliferation was measured by CCK8, and cell apoptosis and death were detected using Annexin V/7-AAD staining and flow cytometric analysis. We found that the fibroblasts growth rate of POP patients was significantly lower than controls. The cell apoptosis and death rate increased as the mechanical load intensifying. After 20% mechanical stretching for 24 h, the dead cell rate was higher in POP than control. Notably, 17 β-estradiol treatment reversed mechanical stress induced hUSLFs apoptosis and death in both POP and Control cells. The protein and mRNA levels of anti-apoptotic PARP1 (poly-ADP-ribose polymerase) and Bcl-2 were increased by estrogen treatment. Meanwhile, expression of estrogen receptor α, a target of Poly-ADP-Ribosylation of PARP1, was also enhanced by 17 β-estradiol under the mechanical load. In conclusion, estrogen application ameliorates the mechanical strain induced cell apoptosis and death in hUSLFs from POP patients. PARP1 might be involved in this protective process, providing novel insights into the mechanical biology of and possible therapies for POP.
Smartphone addiction and cross-cultural adjustment among overseas Chinese students: The role of emotion regulation beliefs and strategies
Authors: Wanqing Huang , Fenqing Liang , Solodukho Alexander 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundFew studies have focused on the cross-cultural adjustment of Chinese students studying in Belarus with the size of this group increasing in recent years. The current study aimed to map the process of cross-cultural adjustment onto various factors including childhood emotional neglect, emotion regulation beliefs, emotional regulation strategies, and smartphone addiction in the international students. Emotional regulation strategy and emotion regulation beliefs could perform as key parts in adapting into overseas life from social learning perspective. Furthermore, smartphone addiction could precipitate a failed adjustment process.Materials and methodsA total of 356 Chinese students in Belarus completed a self-administered questionnaire including the Chinese versions of the 12-item general health questionnaire (GHQ-12), sociocultural adaptation scale, mobile phone addiction tendency scale for college students, emotion regulation questionnaire, emotion and regulation beliefs scale, and childhood trauma questionnaire-short form. Correlation analysis, regression analysis and T-tests were used to explore the relationship between the variables. Structural equation modeling was carried out to test the hypotheses for association.ResultsEmotion regulation beliefs of international students mediated the effect of childhood emotional neglect on cross-cultural adjustment through expression suppression and smartphone addiction. While, in another chain mediation model, childhood emotional neglect affected cross-cultural adjustment only through emotion regulation beliefs and smartphone addiction. Cognitive appraisal independently influenced adjustment through smartphone addiction.LimitationsLimitations include its cross-sectional design and self-reported survey methodology. In the future, we can combine experimental manipulations to explore the mechanisms by which various emotion beliefs act on smartphone addiction and cross-cultural adjustment in different situations.ConclusionThis study displays the correlation between emotion regulation beliefs to smartphone addiction and cross-cultural adjustment, as well as the harmful effects of childhood emotional neglect; these components should be further addressed in future studies.
Parent–infant closeness after preterm birth and depressive symptoms: A longitudinal study
Authors: Lehtonen Liisa , Lilliesköld Siri , De Coen Kris , Toome Liis , Gimeno Ana , Caballero Sylvia , Tameliene Rasa , Laroche Sabine , Retpap Jana , Grundt Hege , Van Hoestenberghe Marie-Rose , Skene Caryl , Pape Bernd , Axelin Anna ,   on behalf of the Separation, Closeness Experiences in Neonatal Environment (SCENE) research group
Published: October 2022

BackgroundPreterm birth increases the risk for postpartum depression in both mothers and fathers, calling for strategies to alleviate and prevent depressive symptoms in parents of preterm infants. The aim of this study was to assess the association between early parent-infant closeness and later depressive symptoms among parents of preterm infants. We hypothesized that longer duration of closeness associate with fewer depressive symptoms in both parents.MethodsThis prospective cohort study included 23 neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) from 15 countries in 2018 to 2020. Each unit recruited families with preterm infants aiming to 30 families. The total duration of parents’ presence in the NICU, and separately parent-infant skin-to-skin contact and holding, were measured using a Closeness Diary up to 14  days. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) was used at discharge and at 4  months corrected age of the infant.ResultsThe study included 684 mothers and 574 fathers. The median presence was 469   min (Q1 258 and Q3 1,087) per 24   h for the mothers and 259   min (Q1 100 and Q3 540) for the fathers; mean EPDS scores were 9.2 (SD 5.0) and 6.3 (SD 4.4) at discharge and 6.6 (4.7) and 4.3 (4.2) at 4  months, respectively. Parents’ presence and depressive symptoms varied greatly between the units. Parents’ presence as the total measure, or skin-to-skin contact and holding separately, did not associate with depressive symptoms in either mothers or fathers at either time point (adjusted).ConclusionNo association was found between the duration of parent-infant closeness in the neonatal unit and parents’ depressive symptoms. The beneficial effects of family-centered care on parents’ depression seem to be mediated by other elements than parent-infant physical closeness. More research is needed to identify the critical elements which are needed to alleviate parents’ depression after NICU stay.
Sleep health among people with severe mental ill health during the COVID-19 pandemic: Results from a linked UK population cohort study
Authors: Heron Paul N. , Henderson Lisa M. , Crosland Suzanne , Gilbody Simon M. , Johnston Gordon A. , Moriarty Andrew S. , Newbronner Elizabeth , Paterson Alastair , Spanakis Panagiotis , Wadman Ruth , Walker Lauren , Peckham Emily 
Published: October 2022

ObjectivesSleep problems are a transdiagnostic feature of nearly all psychiatric conditions, and a strong risk factor for initial and recurrent episodes. However, people with severe mental ill health (SMI) are often excluded from general population surveys, and as such the extent and associates of poor sleep in this population are less well understood. This study explores sleep health in an SMI sample during the COVID-19 pandemic, using multiple regression to identify risk factors, including daily routine, wellbeing and demographics.MethodsAn existing cohort of people with an SMI diagnosis were sampled. Participants were invited to complete a self-report survey about their health and the impacts of COVID-19 and associated public health measures. Sleep duration, efficiency, and quality were measured using items from the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI).ResultsTwo hundred forty-nine adults (aged 21–84 years) completed the survey. Mean sleep duration and efficiency were similar to general population estimates, at 7 h 19 min and 78%, respectively. However, 43% reported “bad” sleep quality that was associated with being younger in age as well as disturbed routine and declined wellbeing. Indeed, 37% reported a disturbed routine during the pandemic.ConclusionsHigh estimates of perceived poor sleep quality in the SMI population align with previous findings. Supporting people with SMI to maintain routine regularity may work to protect sleep quality and wellbeing. Future research should more closely examine sleep health in people with SMI, using accessible and scalable measures of objective and subjective sleep, examining longitudinal trends.
Study on HIV/AIDS knowledge, sexual attitudes, sexual behaviors, and preventive services among young students in Chongqing, China
Authors: Qing Liyuan , Wang Yunna , Yang Tong , Chen Xinrui , Zhang Meng , Bu Qingqing , Tan Bo , Deng Dan 
Published: October 2022

ObjectivesThis study aimed to describe the HIV/AIDS knowledge, sexual attitudes, and sexual behaviors of young students (14–25 years) in Chongqing, China, and to examine their use of preventive services and related factors.MethodA cross-sectional study was conducted with students from 67 schools from December 2019 to June 2021. The chi-square test, non-parametric test to assess the differences between respondents with different characteristics in the above aspects. Additionally, univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine factors associated with the awareness of HIV/AIDS knowledge. Confidence intervals without crossover or P &lt; 0.05 was considered significant.ResultsA total of 31,782 participants were included in the study. A total of 62.62% of the respondents were considered to be aware of basic HIV/AIDS knowledge, including 78.44%, 62.15%, and 52.08% in undergraduate colleges, junior colleges and secondary vocational schools, respectively. In total, 60.96% of males and 29.42% of females accepted premarital sex, 15.49% of males and 6.18% of females reported being sexually experienced, and only 57.18% of the students used condoms every time they had sex. The percentage of condom use among students who were aware of HIV/AIDS knowledge was higher than that among students who were not aware. A total of 85.60% of the students thought they needed HIV/AIDS prevention and control knowledge, and 94.60% thought more health education activities on HIV/AIDS prevention needed to be conducted in schools. Entrance education, lectures or consultation hotlines, WeChat official accounts and other media platforms were rated as the most acceptable HIV/AIDS prevention education methods.ConclusionThese respondents lacked knowledge about HIV/AIDS, and an increasing number of students show an open attitude toward premarital sex and engage in risky sexual behaviors. It is urgent to enhance and widely disseminate comprehensive HIV/AIDS and sexual health education in multiple formats.
Two-stage valve homogenisation enhances particle dispersion in milk protein concentrates during reconstitution and reduces heat-induced particle aggregation in resultant dispersions
Authors: Hebishy Essam , Le Berre Marianne , Crowley Shane V. , O’Mahony James A. 
Published: October 2022

Milk protein concentrates (MPCs) are highly functional ingredients, with high-protein variants increasingly used in numerous applications. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of homogenisation, as part of the rehydration process, on solubility and heat stability of MPC. An 80% protein MPC powder was reconstituted (3% protein, w/v) and homogenised at 50°C using a pilot-scale, two-stage, valve homogeniser at different total pressures of 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 MPa. Rehydrated samples were analysed for solubility, particle size, protein profile and heat stability (change in particle size distribution on heating in an oil bath at 140°C for 5 min). The results showed a considerable increase in solubility after applying homogenisation at 5 MPa. Homogenisation at pressures of 5–10 MPa reduced particle size of MPC dispersions further, with further increases in pressure having no additional effect. Increased heat stability was observed on increasing homogenisation pressures up to 10 MPa. This work demonstrates the positive impact of homogenisation on particle dispersion in MPCs and identifies a possible link between improved dispersion and heat stability. This would be applied as a strategy in dairy plants to reduce fouling in heat surfaces which suggests a significant economic impact in dairy processing.
Repair of cerebrospinal fluid leak during posterior thoracolumbar surgery using paraspinal muscle flap combined with fat graft
Authors: Gao Xianda , Du Peiyu , Xu Jiaxin , Sun Jiayuan , Ding Wenyuan , Yang Da-Long 
Published: October 2022

ObjectiveThis study aimed to propose a novel surgical method via combination of fat graft and paraspinal muscle flap, in order to treat cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak during posterior thoracolumbar surgery. The clinical outcomes were also evaluated.MethodsData of a total of 71 patients who were diagnosed with intraoperative incidental durotomy and CSF leak after posterior thoracolumbar surgery in our hospital form January 2019 to January 2021 were retrospectively collected and analyzed. Among them, 34 and 37 patients were assigned into conventional suturing (CS) group and fat graft and paraspinal muscle flap (FPM) group, respectively. Patients’ demographic and clinical data were compared between the two groups.ResultsThe average drainage tube time in the FPM group was 3.89 ± 1.17 days, which was shorter than that in the CS group (5.12 ± 1.56, P &lt; 0.001). The drainage volume in the FPM group (281.08 ± 284.76 ml) was also smaller than that in the CS group (859.70 ± 553.11 ml, P &lt; 0.001). Besides, 15 (44.11%) patients in the CS group complained of postural headache, which was more than that in the FPM group (7 patients, 18.91%). There was a statistically significant difference in postoperative visual analogue scale (VAS) score between the two groups (P = 0.013). Two patients underwent revision surgery resulting from incision nonunion and delayed meningeal cyst.ConclusionFat graft combined with paraspinal muscle flap showed to be an effective method to repair CSF leak during posterior thoracolumbar surgery. The proposed method significantly reduced postoperative drainage tube time and postoperative drainage volume. It also decreased the incidence and the degree of postural headache. The proposed method showed satisfactory clinical outcomes, and it is worthy of promotion.
Prevalences of Parental and Peer Support and Their Independent Associations With Mental Distress and Unhealthy Behaviours in 53 Countries
Authors: Li Lian , Xu Guodong , Zhou Dongsheng , Song Ping , Wang Yucheng , Bian Guolin 
Published: October 2022

Objective: Parental and peer support are both associated with mental distress and unhealthy behaviour indices in adolescents.Methods: We used the Global School-Based Student Health Survey data (n = 192,633) from 53 countries and calculated the weighted prevalence of individual and combined parental and peer support. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the adjusted associations between combined parental and peer support with mental distress and unhealthy behaviours.Results: The prevalence figures for having all four categories of parental support and two peer-support were 9.7% and 38.4%, respectively. Compared with no parental support, adolescents with all four parental support negatively associated with all five mental distress and eight unhealthy behaviours factors, and the ORs ranged from 0.19 to 0.75. Additionally, adolescents with two peer support were negative association with all mental distress and four health risk behaviours, and positively associated with a sedentary lifestyle.Conclusion: Parental and peer support were lacking in some countries, while greater parental and peer support were negative associated with mental distress and most unhealthy behaviours in adolescents, and the relationships were independent.