bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Self‐induced incipient ‘eclogitization’ of metagranitoids at closed‐system conditions
Authors: Schorn Simon 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe incipient development of diagnostic high‐pressure assemblages—the ‘eclogitization’—of granitoids, such as plagioclase breakdown and small‐scale formation of garnet and phengite does not require exogenous hydration because unlike dry protoliths like basalt/gabbro or granulite, granitoids
. contain crystallographically bound H2O in biotite. During high‐pressure overprint, partial biotite breakdown causes a localized increase in the chemical potential of H2O (μH2O). Transport of H2O into nearby plagioclase induces the formation of diagnostic eclogite facies assemblages of jadeite–zoisite–K‐feldspar–quartz ± kyanite ± phengite that pervasively replace former cm‐sized plagioclase without requiring the participation of free H2O. Depending on pressure–temperature evolution, similar textures may involve albite instead of jadeite, consistent with the general absence of Na‐clinopyroxene in high‐pressure metagranitoids and kindred gneisses. Plagioclase breakdown may also occur due to simple burial because compression leads to an increase of μH2O, without requiring additional influx of H2O at the texture scale. However, the addition of biotite‐derived H2O into plagioclase sites likely increases reaction rates. In parallel, ∼100‐μm‐thick complementary coronae involving garnet | phengite–quartz develop at former biotite–plagioclase/K‐feldspar interfaces due to the coupled diffusion of FeO–MgO–H2O from biotite towards feldspars and minor CaO in the opposite direction. The reaction textures likely create structural weaknesses and preferential fluid pathways that facilitate further hydration and/or deformation along the prograde path, thereby obliterating the textures. If exogenous H2O is introduced, it is accommodated in phengite growing at the expense of igneous K‐feldspar and possibly in epidote‐group minerals. Upon decompression, such hydrated rocks would dehydrate, thereby favouring fluid‐assisted retrogression and loss of diagnostic eclogite facies assemblages at lower pressure. Whereas the prograde reaction textures are only preserved at closed‐system conditions and in the absence of deformation, they are suggested to commonly form during orogenic metamorphism of granitoids and quartzofeldspathic gneisses that dominate the continental crust in high‐pressure terranes such as the Western Italian Alps and the Western Gneiss Region (Norway).
Assessment of the unified model of performance: accuracy of group‐average and individualised alertness predictions
Authors: Priezjev Nikolai V. , Vital‐Lopez Francisco G. , Reifman Jaques 
Published: May 2022

SummaryTo be effective as a key component of fatigue‐management systems, biomathematical models that predict alertness impairment as a function of time of day, sleep history, and caffeine consumption must demonstrate the ability to make accurate predictions across a range of sleep‐loss and caffeine schedules. Here, we assessed the ability of the previously reported unified model of performance (UMP) to predict alertness impairment at the group‐average and individualised levels in a comprehensive set of 12 studies, including 22 sleep and caffeine conditions, for a total of 301 unique subjects. Given sleep and caffeine schedules, the UMP predicted alertness impairment based on the psychomotor vigilance test (PVT) for the duration of the schedule. To quantify prediction performance, we computed the root mean square error (RMSE) between model predictions and PVT data, and the fraction of measured PVTs that fell within the models’ prediction intervals (PIs). For the group‐average model predictions, the overall RMSE was 43 ms (range 15–74 ms) and the fraction of PVTs within the PIs was 80% (range 41%–100%). At the individualised level, the UMP could predict alertness for 81% of the subjects, with an overall average RMSE of 64 ms (range 32–147 ms) and fraction of PVTs within the PIs conservatively estimated as 71% (range 41%–100%). Altogether, these results suggest that, for the group‐average model and 81% of the individualised models, in three out of four PVT measurements we cannot distinguish between study data and model predictions.
Paediatric cutaneous mucormycosis: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Ziaka Maria , Papakonstantinou Eugenia , Vasileiou Efi , Chorafa Elisavet , Antachopoulos Charalampos , Roilides Emmanuel 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundMucormycosis has emerged as an increasingly important fungal disease for immunocompromised children and neonates, with the cutaneous form being one of its most common presentations.MethodsWe present a cutaneous mucormycosis case in a 10‐year‐old girl and analyse reports of single cases and case series of cutaneous mucormycosis in ≤16‐year‐old patients, recorded in PUBMED from 1953 to 2020, for epidemiology, risk factors, diagnostic and therapeutic procedures and outcome.Results113 cases were enrolled. Median age was 5 years (Interquartile Range [IQR] 10.9), without gender predominance. Underlying conditions were haematologic malignancies/disorders (25.7%), prematurity (23%), solid organ transplantation (3.5%), diabetes mellitus type 1 (4.4%), immunodeficiency and other diseases (14.2%), and no underlying conditions (29.2%). Inoculation occurred through major trauma (12.4%), including surgery and motor vehicle accidents, catheter sites (27.4%), dressings, patches and probes (11.5%), burns and farm‐related accidents (8.8%). Rhizopus spp. was most frequently isolated (43.4%), followed by Lichtheimia corymbifera (9.7%), Saksenaea vasiformis (8%), Mucor and Rhizomucor spp. (5.3% each), other species/combinations (7.2%) and unspecified isolates (21.2%). Surgery was combined with antifungals in 62.8%. Each was performed solely in 27.4% and 6.2%, respectively. Amphotericin B was used in 78% (alone in 55.8% and combined with other antifungals in 22.2%) of the cases. Overall mortality was 26.5%. In regression analysis, prematurity and haematologic malignancies/disorders were associated with increased mortality, whereas combination of antifungals and surgery with improved survival.ConclusionCutaneous mucormycosis mainly affects premature infants and children with haematologic malignancies/disorders. Outcome is improved when active antifungal therapy and surgery are combined.
Gene‐environment interactions in childhood asthma revisited; expanding the interaction concept
Authors: Hernandez‐Pacheco Natalia , Kere Maura , Melén Erik 
Published: May 2022

AbstractInvestigation of gene‐environment interactions (GxE) may provide important insights into the gene regulatory framework in response to environmental factors of relevance for childhood asthma. Over the years, different methodological strategies have been applied, more recently using genome‐wide approaches. The best example to date is the major asthma locus on the 17q12‐21 chromosome region, viral infections, and airway epithelium processes where recent studies have shed much light on mechanisms in childhood asthma. However, there are challenges with the traditional single variant—single exposure interaction models, as they do not encompass the complexity and cumulative effects of multiple exposures or multiple genetic variants. As such, we need to redefine our traditional GxE thinking, and we propose in this review to expand the GxE concept by also evaluating other omics layers, such as epigenetics, transcriptomics, metabolomics, and proteomics. In addition, host factors such as age, gender, and other exposures are very likely to influence GxE effects and need firmly to be considered in future studies.
Indigenous women, multiple violences, and legal activism: Beyond the dichotomy of human rights as “law” and as “ideas for social movements”
Authors: García‐Del Moral Paulina 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis review interrogates the divide between human rights “as ideas for social movements” and human rights “as law” that permeates the literature on human rights law and gender violence by putting it into conversation with the scholarship on Indigenous women's legal activism against the multiple forms of violence that they face. This divide obscures the ways in which Indigenous women across the Americas have appropriated and re‐signified the discourse and practice of human rights by engaging in formal legal processes at the community, domestic, and supranational levels. I problematize this dichotomy and argue that human rights “as ideas for social movements” and “as law” go hand in hand to challenge the multiple injustices affecting the lives of Indigenous women. This review invites sociologists to consider the experiences of Indigenous women's legal activism and its relationship to colonialism in their analyses of social movement dynamics and it contributes to decentering analyses on legal mobilization that are based on the global North.
On the Deduction of theEPPfrom Labeling*
Authors: Mizuguchi Manabu 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe present paper examines a recent attempt to deduce the EPP from labeling. Chomsky (2015) argues that the EPP is reducible to Label Weakness. In this paper, I first point out that Label Weakness raises problems that are not faced under the EPP. I then propose that pair‐Merge (i.e. the Merge that yields an asymmetric structure) provides a solution to Label Weakness, claiming that Merge, together with Label Weakness, explains the EPP. I show that the proposal brings theoretically and empirically favorable consequences. Given the proposed analysis, I also argue that externalization is the other side of the EPP, demonstrating that it explains the EPP when a labeling problem is solved and that it reduces parametric variations with the EPP to the peripheries of the computation. This paper argues that Merge plays a key role in language and endorses the Merge‐based language design proposed in the Minimalist Program.
Late glacial–Holocene record of Southern Hemisphere westerly wind dynamics from the Falkland Islands, South Atlantic Ocean
Authors: Monteath Alistair , Hughes Paul , Cooper Matthew , Groff Dulcinea , Scaife Rob , Hodgson Dominic 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The Southern Hemisphere westerly wind belt (SHWW) is a major feature of Southern Hemisphere, midlatitude climate that is closely linked with the sequestration and release of CO2 in the Southern Ocean. Past changes in the strength and position of this wind belt are poorly resolved, particularly across the Pleistocene-Holocene transition, a time period associated with fluctuations in atmospheric temperatures and CO2 levels. We used dust geochemistry, particle size measurements, and paleoecological analyses from a peat sequence in the Falkland Islands, South Atlantic Ocean, to describe changes in the SHWW between 16.0 and 6.5 ka (thousands of years before CE 1950). Wind strength was low at ~51°S before and during the Antarctic Cold Reversal (ACR, 14.9–13.0 ka), intensified between 13.1 and 12.1 ka as atmospheric temperatures increased, and then weakened, reaching a minimum between 12.1 and 10.9 ka during the Early Holocene thermal maximum. Northwesterly air masses became more dominant from 12.0 to 10.2 ka, and wind strength remained low until our record was affected by a storm surge or tsunami ca. 7.8 ka. These data indicate a southward shift in the latitude of the SHWW, from north of 51°S prior to and during the ACR, at ~51°S before the onset of the Holocene, and south of 51°S during the early Holocene thermal maximum. This pattern suggests that the latitude of the SHWW was coupled with atmospheric temperatures through the Pleistocene-Holocene transition.
Kerr–Sen-like Lorentz violating black holes and superradiance phenomena
Authors: Jha Sohan Kumar , Rahaman Anisur 
Published: May 2022

AbstractA Kerr–Sen-like black hole solution results from Einstein-bumblebee gravity. It contains a Lorentz violating (LV) parameter that enters when the bumblebee field receives vacuum expectation value through a spontaneously breaking of the symmetry of the classical action. The geometrical structure concerning the singularity of this spacetime is studied with reference to the parameters involved in the Kerr–Sen-like metric. We introduce this Einstein-bumblebee modified gravity to probe the role of spontaneous Lorentz violation on the superradiance scattering phenomena and the instability associated with it. We observe that for the low-frequency range of the scalar wave the superradiance scattering gets enhanced when the Lorentz-violating parameter $$\ell $$
ℓ
takes the negative values and it reduces when values of $$\ell $$
ℓ
are positive. The study of the black hole bomb issue reveals that for the negative values of $$\ell $$
ℓ
, the parameter space of the scalar field instability increase prominently, however, for its positive values, it shows a considerable reduction. We also tried to put constraints on the parameters contained in the Kerr–Sen-like black hole by comparing the deformation of the shadow produced by the black hole parameters with the observed deviation from circularity and the angular deviation from the $$M87*$$

M
87

∗

data.
Thoracic surgery in patients on veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for COVID-19 associated acute respiratory distress syndrome
Authors: Karampinis Ioannis , Al-Shammari Abdullah , Hartley Philip , Patel Mehul , Arachchillage Deepa R J , Jordan Simon , Thakuria Louit , Garfield Ben , Ledot Stephane , Buderi Silviu 
Published: May 2022

Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic has generated a new type of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) arising as a complication of COVID-19 pneumonia. Extreme cases require the support of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Here we present the outcomes of patients that underwent surgical tracheostomy or thoracic surgery at a single tertiary centre whilst on ECMO support for COVID-19 related ARDS. Methods: 18 patients requiring thoracic input whilst on ECMO support during the first wave of COVID-19 (March–June 2020) were included. Thoracic surgery was required both for performing surgical tracheostomies in the operating theatre and for treating emergencies arising under the ECMO treatment such as bleeding complications. Results: Thirteen patients underwent a surgical tracheostomy, whilst five patients had an invasive thoracic procedure. Anticoagulation was withheld for at least 12 h in the perioperative setting regardless of the indication. One patient was re-operated for haemothorax immediately after the end of the primary operation. 94.5% of the patients were successfully decannulated from ECMO support. Overall 30-day mortality in the cohort was 5.5% (1/18). Conclusions: Thoracic surgeons can play a valuable role in supporting an ECMO unit during the COVID pandemic, by treating ECMO related complications and by safely performing surgical tracheostomies. Withholding anticoagulation in the perioperative window was not associated with increased thromboembolic events and is desirable when interventions or surgery is indicated in this patient cohort to avoid excessive bleeding.
In vitro hemocompatibility screening of a slippery liquid impregnated surface coating for extracorporeal organ support applications
Authors: Roberts Teryn R , Seekell Raymond P , Zang Yanyi , Harea George , Zhang Zheng , Batchinsky Andriy I 
Published: May 2022

Introduction: Clot formation, infection, and biofouling are unfortunate but frequent complications associated with the use of blood-contacting medical devices. The challenge of blood-foreign surface interactions is exacerbated during medical device applications involving substantial blood contact area and extended duration of use, such as extracorporeal life support (ECLS). We investigated a novel surface modification, a liquid-impregnated surface (LIS), designed to minimize protein adsorption and thrombus development on medical plastics. Methods: The hemocompatibility and efficacy of LIS was investigated first in a low-shear model with LIS applied to the lumen of blood incubation vials and exposed to human whole blood. Additionally, LIS was evaluated in a 6 h ex vivo circulation model with swine blood using full-scale ECLS circuit tubing and centrifugal pumps with clinically relevant flow rate (1.5 L/min) and shear conditions for extracorporeal carbon dioxide removal. Results: Under low-shear, LIS preserved fibrinogen concentration in blood relative to control polymers (+40 ± 6 mg/dL vs polyvinyl chloride, p < .0001), suggesting protein adsorption was minimized. A fibrinogen adhesion assay demonstrated a dramatic reduction in protein adsorption under low shear (87% decrease vs polyvinyl chloride, p = .01). Thrombus deposition and platelet adhesion visualized by scanning electron microscopy were drastically reduced. During the 6 h ex vivo circulation, platelets in blood exposed to LIS tubing did not become significantly activated or procoagulant, as occurred with control tubing; and again, thrombus deposition was visually reduced. Conclusions: A LIS coating demonstrated potential to reduce thrombus formation on medical devices. Further testing is needed specialized to clinical setting and duration of use for specific medical target applications.
Instantaneous wave free ratio value impact on left internal mammary artery graft patency
Authors: Ordiene Rasa , Unikas Ramunas , Aldujeli Ali , Benetis Rimantas , Jakuska Povilas , Ceponiene Indre , Jankauskas Antanas , Plisiene Jurgita , Lenkutis Tadas , Rudokaite Gabriele , Braukyliene Rima , Stonis Mindaugas , Davies Justin , Punjabi Prakash P 
Published: May 2022

Objectives To assess whether instantaneous wave – free ratio (iFR) value is associated with left internal mammary artery (LIMA) graft failure at 12 months follow-up post coronary artery bypass graft (CABG). Background Data suggests bypass to a non-significant left anterior descending artery (LAD) lesion due to visual over-estimation may lead to LIMA graft failure. Implementing iFR may result in better arterial graft patency. Methods In iCABG (iFR guided CABG) study patients planned to undergo an isolated CABG procedure was prospectively enrolled and iFR was performed for LAD. Coronary computed tomography angiography was performed at 2 and 12 months follow-up. The primary endpoint of this study was to determine the rate of LIMA graft occlusion or hypoperfusion at 2 and 12-months follow-up. We considered a composite secondary endpoint of Major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular event (MACCE) as a secondary outcome. Results In total 69 patients were included with no differences regarding age, sex and risk factors. At 2 months, 50 of LIMAs with pre-CABG iFR median 0.855 (0.785 – 0.892) were patent. Hypoperfusion was found in 8 LIMAs (median iFR 0.88 (0.842 – 0.90)). While, 7 LIMAs (median iFR 0.91 (0.88 – 0.96)) were occluded ( p = 0.04). At 12 months, when iFR of LAD was >0.85: just 12 (31.6% out of all patent LIMAS) grafts were patent and 24 (100.0% out of all hypoperfused/occluded) grafts were hypoperfused or occluded ( p < 0.001). In terms of MACCE, no difference ( p = 1.0) was found between all 3 groups divided according to iFR value. Conclusions Instantaneous wave – free ratio value above 0.85 in LAD is a powerful tool predicting LIMA graft failure at 1-year follow up period.
Cyclic changes of sensory parameters in migraine patients
Authors: Helfenstein Carolin , Strupf Marion , Stefke Andrea , Fraunberger Britta , Renner Bertold , Suchantke Insa , Rothermel Markus , Messlinger Karl , DeCol Roberto , Namer Barbara 
Published: May 2022

Background Migraine shows a cyclic pattern with an inter-ictal-, a pre-ictal, an ictal- and a post-ictal phase. We aimed to examine changes in psychophysical parameters during the migraine cycle. Methods The perception of nociceptive and non-nociceptive stimuli and an electrically induced axon-reflex-erythema were assessed in 20 healthy controls and 14 migraine patients on five consecutive days according to different phases of the migraine cycle. Pain was rated three times during a 10-second electrical stimulus. The size of the axon-reflex-erythema was determined using laser-Doppler-imaging. Intensity and hedonic estimates of odours presented by Sniffin’ Sticks were rated. Results In healthy controls, no significant changes over the test days were observed. In migraine patients pain thresholds at the head decreased with an ictal minimum. Less habituation after five seconds of stimulation at the head was found pre-ictally, whereas reduced habituation to 10-second electrical stimulation was present in all phases. The axon-reflex-erythema size showed an inter-ictal-specific minimum at the head. odours were perceived ictally as more unpleasant and intense. Conclusions Somatosensory functions, pain thresholds and habituation as predominantly central parameters, axon-reflex-erythema as a peripheral function of trigeminal neurons and odour perception as a predominantly extra-thalamic sensation change specifically over the migraine cycle indicating complex variations of neuronal signal processing.
Validation of diagnostic ICHD-3 criteria for menstrual migraine
Authors: Verhagen Iris E , Spaink Hermes AJ , van der Arend Britt WH , van Casteren Daphne S , MaassenVanDenBrink Antoinette , Terwindt Gisela M 
Published: May 2022

Objective To assess validity of ICHD-3 diagnostic criteria for menstrual migraine. Methods We performed a longitudinal E-diary study in premenopausal women with migraine. Menstrual migraine diagnosis was self-reported at baseline, and verified according to diary based ICHD-3 criteria and a previous proposed statistical model. Validity of self-reported menstrual migraine was compared to diary based diagnosis and statistical diagnosis. Test-retest reliability and concordance between both methods were determined. Clinical characteristics of perimenstrual and non-perimenstrual migraine attacks were compared in women with and without menstrual migraine. Results We included 607 women. Both women who did and women who did not self-report to suffer from menstrual migraine fulfilled ICHD-3 criteria in the E-diary in two thirds of cases. Pure menstrual migraine was extremely rare (<1%). Concordance between statistical and diary based diagnosis was minimal (κ = 0.28, 95% CI:0.23–0.33). Women diagnosed with menstrual migraine showed 37–50% longer attack duration and increased triptan intake (OR 1.19–1.22, p < 0.001) during perimenstrual attacks. Conclusion Self-reported menstrual migraine diagnosis has extremely poor accuracy. Two thirds of women suffer from menstrual migraine, independent of self-reports. Pure menstrual migraine is rare. Women with menstrual migraine have longer attack duration and increased triptan intake during perimenstrual attacks, in contrast to women without menstrual migraine. Prospective headache (E-)diaries are required for a menstrual migraine diagnosis, also in clinical practice.