bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of rasagiline on Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire (PDQ-39) emotional well-being domain in patients with Parkinson’s disease: A post-hoc analysis of clinical trials in Japan
Authors: Hattori Nobutaka , Takeda Atsushi , Hanya Yuki , Kitagawa Tadayuki , Arai Masaki , Furusawa Yoshihiko , Mochizuki Hideki , Nagai Masahiro , Takahashi Ryosuke 
Published: January 2022

Background
Identifying the factors that influence health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is of great scientific interest, but a potential causal relationship between treatment and HRQoL has yet to be fully elucidated. Japanese patients reported better HRQoL outcomes on the Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire (PDQ-39) emotional well-being domain, a 6-question subset of the PDQ-39 which is considered to reflect the emotional aspects of the disease-specific HRQoL, when treated with rasagiline, than placebo, in both a monotherapy clinical trial (NCT02337725) and an adjunctive therapy clinical trial in patients with wearing-off phenomena (NCT02337738).

Objective
To investigate how rasagiline exerts its effect on the PDQ-39 emotional well-being domain in Japanese patients with Parkinson’s disease.

Methods
A path analysis was performed to assess the direct treatment effects of rasagiline on the PDQ-39 emotional well-being domain and the effects mediated indirectly through the influence on items related to motor symptoms by a post-hoc analysis of two clinical trials in Japan.

Results
In the monotherapy trial, the PDQ-39 emotional well-being domain was mainly affected indirectly through items related to motor symptoms (80.7%) composed of the Movement Disorder Society-Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS) Part II (67.2%) and Part III (13.5%). In the adjunctive therapy trial, the PDQ-39 emotional well-being domain was also mainly influenced indirectly through effects on items related to motor symptoms (1 mg/day: 54.7%, 0.5 mg/day: 57.6%) composed of MDS-UPDRS Part II (1 mg/day: 35.6%, 0.5 mg/day: 40.9%), Part III (1 mg/day: 8.0%, 0.5 mg/day: 8.3%) and mean daily OFF-time (1 mg/day: 11.1%, 0.5 mg/day: 8.4%).

Conclusions
The effects of rasagiline on the PDQ-39 emotional well-being domain were mediated primarily by influence on the subjective aspects of motor experiences of daily living.
Influence of health promoting lifestyle on health management intentions and behaviors among Chinese residents under the integrated healthcare system
Authors: Zhou Chi , Zheng Weijun , Tan Fang , Lai Sihong , Yuan Qi 
Published: January 2022

Background
Health promoting lifestyle is an important influencing factor of individual health status. This study aims to assess the health promoting lifestyle of community residents in China, and explore its association with their health management intention and behaviors during the integrated healthcare system reform.

Methods
A total of 666 residents were recruited from six county level hospitals and 12 community health centers from July to August 2019 in Zhejiang Province, China. Health promoting lifestyle was measured by the Chinese version Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile-II scale (HPLP-II).

Results
The average total score of HPLP-II among our sample was 130.02±23.19. Among the six domains, interpersonal relationship had the highest average score (2.68±0.50), and physical activity scored the lowest (2.21±0.59). Total score of HPLP-II scale was negatively associated with being male (β = -0.13, p<0.01; Ref: female), positively associated with being students (β = 0.15, p<0.01; Ref: self-employed), and positively associated with a monthly per capita income of more than 8000 RMB (β = 0.15, p<0.01; Ref: less than 3000 RMB). The domain scores of HPLP-II were significantly correlated with residents’ health management intention and their behavior on following doctors’ advice or not.

Conclusions
The health promoting lifestyles of community residents in China are at moderate levels. Improving residents’ healthy lifestyle levels might be helpful for changing their health management intentions or behaviors.
COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among medical and health science students attending Wolkite University in Ethiopia
Authors: Mose Ayenew , Haile Kassahun , Timerga Abebe 
Published: January 2022

Background
Medical and health science students are among the frontline health care workers who are at high risk of acquiring COVID-19 infection during their clinical attachments and future career. As health care providers, they are expected to promote and administer the COVID-19 vaccine and counsel vaccine-hesitant patients. It is, therefore, imperative to assess COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among medical and health science students. Thus, this study aimed to assess COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and its associated factors among medical and health science students of Wolkite University.

Method
An institutional-based cross-sectional study design was conducted among 420 medical and health science students attending Wolkite University from March 1 to 30, 2021. Simple random sampling technique was used to select study participants. Self-administered and structured questionnaires were used to collect data. Data were entered into Epi-Data version 4.2.0 and exported to SPSS version 23 software package for further analysis. Bivariable and multivariable analysis was used to identify associated factors. P values <0.05 result were considered as a statistically significant association.

Results
The level of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy was 41.2% (95% CI; 35.2%-50.4%). Student age ≤23 years were 1.9 times more likely vaccine hesitant [aOR = 1.94, 95% CI; 1.14–3.28], being female were 1.7 times more likely vaccine hesitant [aOR = 1.76, 95% CI; 1.14–2.72], resided in rural area were 1.6 times more likely vaccine hesitant [aOR = 1.63, 95% CI; 1.06–2.49], source of information from social media were 2.7 times more likely vaccine hesitant [aOR = 2.68, 95% CI; 1.58–4.54], and good practice to COVID-19 mitigation measures were 47% less likely vaccine hesitant [aOR = 0.53, 95% CI; 0.34–0.83] compared to their counterpart.

Conclusions
COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy is found to be high. Therefore, students are advised to receive COVID-19 vaccine information from government lead mass media (i.e. television and radio), increase awareness and adherence to COVID-19 mitigation measures is recommended.
Multi thermal waves in a thermo diffusive piezo electric functionally graded rod via refined multi-dual phase-lag model
Authors: Jeyaraman Poongkothai , Mahesh Samydurai , Selvamani Rajendran , Dimitri Rossana , Tornabene Francesco 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In the present work, a novel analytical model is provided for wave dispersion in a piezo-thermoelastic diffusive functionally graded rod through the multi-phase lag model and thermal activation. The plain strain model for thermo piezoelectric functionally graded rod is considered. The complex characteristic equations are obtained by using normal mode method which satisfies the nonlinear boundary conditions of piezo-thermoelastic functionally graded rod. The numerical calculations are carried out for copper material. The results of the variants stress, mechanical displacement, temperature and electric distribution, frequency are explored against the geometric parameters and some special parameters graded index, concentration constants are shown graphically. The observed results will be discuss elaborate. The results can be build reasonable attention in piezo-thermoelastic materials and smart materials industry.
Edmund Wilson, the Dead Sea Scrolls, and the rhetoric of protection
Authors: Lande Dana Ryan 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Edmund Wilson’s “The Scrolls from the Dead Sea,” published on the 6th of May, 1955 in The New Yorker, was one of the first pieces of journalism concerning the Dead Sea Scrolls and their discovery in the Judean desert in the late 1940 s. This study links the rhetoric within journalism on ancient manuscript finds to that which is found in travel narratives from the colonial era – a connection which emphasizes the rhetoric of protection and insertion of self in texts which invoke assumed authority in a situation of cultural importance.
Synthesis and characterization of noble metal/metal oxide nanoparticles and their potential antidiabetic effect on biochemical parameters and wound healing
Authors: Elobeid Mai A. , Awad Manal A. , Virk Promy , Ortashi Khalid M. , Merghani Nada M. , Asiri Atheer M. , Bashir Emadeldin Abdeljabar Ali 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The study assessed the antidiabetic effect of Solenostemma argel and its nanoformulations with silver/gold nanocomposites (CNPs), zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs), and metaformin drug. Experimental groups consisted of normal control, diabetic control, and four diabetic groups treated with metformin, CNPs, ZnONPs, and bulk argel leaf extract (So-argel). Transmission electron microscopy characterization showed that the synthesized CNPs and ZnONPs were of variable sizes and dimensions and were quasi-spherical in shape. Particle sizes measured by dynamic light scattering were 106 and 139 nm for CNPs and ZnONPs, respectively. Also, the polydispersity index values were 0.473 and 0.269 for CNPs and ZnONPs, respectively. The biochemical parameters were as follows: the group treated with bulk So-argel (105.00 ± 4.041 mg·dL−1) and CNPs (109.00 ± 8.373 mg·dL−1) showed a more profound anti-hyperglycemic effect and were comparable to the control (88.40 ± 2.249). Liver and kidney functions (p ≤ 0.05) improved with So-argel and its nanoformulations compared to metformin. However, bulk argel (170.33 ± 20.431  and 38.00 ± 3.05 U·L−1) and the nanocomposite (228.33 ± 11.464 and 48.00 ± 5.291 U·L−1) were efficacious in lowering serum levels of liver enzymes (AST and ALT, respectively). No significant difference was observed between urea levels. Nevertheless, bulk So-argel (0.26 ± 0.007) and CNPs (0.24 ± 0.018) were more effective than ZnONPs (0.41 ± 0.289) on serum creatinine. Nanotreatment exhibited a reduction in lesions size/healing. Overall, nanoparticles may offer a safe potential for Type 2 diabetes management.
A temperature-dependent mathematical model of malaria transmission with stage-structured mosquito population dynamics
Authors: Traoré Bakary , Barro Moussa , Sangaré Boureima , Traoré Sado 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we formulate a temperature-dependent model for malaria transmission dynamics which includes immature stages of mosquitoes. The model is constructed by using ordinary differential equations with some parameters which are periodic functions. Two thresholds dynamics associated to the model have been derived: the vector reproduction ratio ℛ
v
and the basic reproduction ratio ℛ0. Through a rigorous analysis via theories and methods of dynamical systems, we prove that the global behavior of the model depends strongly on these two parameters. More precisely, we show that if ℛ
v
is greater than one and ℛ0 is less than one then, the disease-free periodic equilibrium is globally attractive. If ℛ
v
is greater than one and ℛ0 is greater than one, the disease remains persistent and the system admits at least one positive periodic solution. Finally, using the reported monthly mean temperature for Burkina Faso, numerical simulations are carried out to illustrate our mathematical results.
Photon coupling-induced spectrum envelope modulation in the coupled resonators from Vernier effect to harmonic Vernier effect
Authors: Chen Lei , Huang Junhua , Liu Gui-Shi , Huang Feifan , Zheng Huajian , Chen Yaofei , Luo Yunhan , Chen Zhe 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The Vernier effect and harmonic Vernier effect have attracted ever-increasing interest due to their freely tailored spectrum envelope in tunable laser, modulator, and precision sensing. Most explorations have mainly focused on configuring two isolated optical resonators, namely the reference and tunable resonator. However, this configuration requires a stable reference resonator to guarantee robust readout, posing a significant challenge in applications. Here, we discover the coupled-resonators configuration enabling a reference-free envelope modulation to address this problem. Specifically, all parameters of one resonator theoretically span a hypersurface. When the resonator couples to another one, photon coupling merit an escaped solution from the hypersurface, resulting in an envelope modulation independent of reference. We have first experimentally verified this mechanism in a coupled air resonator and polydimethylsiloxane resonator by inserting a semi-transparent 2-mercaptobenzimidazole-modified silver nanowire network. In addition, this novel mechanism provides a new degree of freedom in the reciprocal space, suggesting alternative multiplexing to combine more envelope modulations simultaneously. This study facilitates the fundamental research in envelope multiplexing. More importantly, the combination of silver nanowire network and flexible microcavity experimentally progress the spectral envelope modulation in optoelectronic integration inside resonators.
Multi-freedom metasurface empowered vectorial holography
Authors: Deng Zi-Lan , Wang Zhi-Qiang , Li Feng-Jun , Hu Meng-Xia , Li Xiangping 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Optical holography capable of the complete recording and reconstruction of light’s wavefront, plays significant roles on interferometry, microscopy, imaging, data storage, and three-dimensional displaying. Conventional holography treats light as scalar field with only phase and intensity dimensions, leaving the polarization information entirely neglected. Benefiting from the multiple degrees of freedom (DOFs) for optical field manipulation provided by the metasurface, vectorial holography with further versatile control in both polarization states and spatial distributions, greatly extended the scope of holography. As full vectorial nature of light field has been considered, the information carried out by light has dramatically increased, promising for novel photonic applications with high performance and multifarious functionalities. This review will focus on recent advances on vectorial holography empowered by multiple DOFs metasurfaces. Interleaved multi-atom approach is first introduced to construct vectorial holograms with spatially discrete polarization distributions, followed by the versatile vectorial holograms with continuous polarizations that are designed usually by modified iterative algorithms. We next discuss advances with further spectral response, leading to vivid full-color vectorial holography; and the combination between the far-field vectorial wavefront shaping enabled by vectorial holography and the near-field nano-printing functionalities by further exploiting local polarization and structure color responses of the meta-atom. The development of vectorial holography provides new avenues for compact multi-functional photonic devices, potentially useful in optical encryption, anticounterfeiting, and data storage applications.
Entextualizing high energy texts: an exploration of modal shift on a Chinese online video-sharing website Bilibili
Authors: Teng Man , Chan Brian Hok-Shing 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Recently, there has been a surging interest in meaning-making processes in Chinese social media. However, most studies focus on the current contexts, ignoring the process of entextualization, that is, how semiotic resources have been decontextualized from the original/prior contexts and recontextualized in the current Chinese social media context. This paper intends to fill this gap by studying an example of entextualization coupled with modal shift. Specifically, an oral warning – initially a line frequently uttered in a Japanese animation serial – has been reshaped and reused to type comments in various video scenes and for various meanings on a Chinese video-sharing website Bilibili (

https://www.bilibili.com/

). Drawing on selective notions in computer-mediated communication and social semiotic multimodality, this paper analyses a set of these comments, which we call high energy texts, focusing on their multimodal quality and the meaning-making processes involved. We suggest that new possibilities are generated during the modal shift (i.e. from speech to writing); in particular, warning acts carried out through high energy texts have been transformed into a collective social action that is recognized and understood by Bilibili users, the participation of which enables the users to build alignment and enact different identities. Our paper showcases how a social semiotic multimodal perspective can enrich our understanding of the semiosis in Chinese social media.
Bidirectional Communication between the Pontine Nucleus Incertus and the Medial Septum Is Carried Out by Electrophysiologically-Distinct Neuronal Populations
Authors: Trenk Aleksandra , Walczak Magdalena , Szlaga Agata , Pradel Kamil , Blasiak Anna , Blasiak Tomasz 
Published: January 2022

Theta oscillations are key brain rhythm involved in memory formation, sensorimotor integration, and control of locomotion and behavioral states. Generation and spatiotemporal synchronization of theta oscillations rely on interactions between brain nuclei forming a large neural network, which includes pontine nucleus incertus (NI). Here we identified distinct populations of NI neurons, based on the relationship of their firing to hippocampal waves, with a special focus on theta oscillations, and the direction and type of interaction with the medial septum (MS) in male, urethane-anesthetized rats. By recording NI neuronal firing and hippocampal LFP, we described NI neurons that fire action potentials in a theta phase-independent or theta phase-locked and delta wave-independent or delta wave-locked manner. Among hippocampal activity-independent NI neurons, irregular, slow-firing, and regular, fast-firing cells were observed, while hippocampal oscillation-/wave-locked NI neurons were of a bursting or nonbursting type. By projection-specific optotagging, we revealed that only fast-firing theta phase-independent NI neurons innervate the MS, rarely receiving feedback information. In contrast, the majority of theta-bursting NI neurons were inhibited by MS stimulation, and this effect was mediated by direct GABAergic input. Described NI neuronal populations differ in reciprocal connections with the septohippocampal system, plausibly forming separate neuronal loops. Our results suggest that theta phase-independent NI neurons participate in theta rhythm generation through direct innervation of the MS, while theta-bursting NI neurons further transmit the rhythmic signal received from the MS to stabilize and/or strengthen rhythmic activity in other structures.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe generation and spatiotemporal synchronization of theta oscillations rely on interactions between nuclei forming a large neural network, part of which is the pontine nucleus incertus (NI). Here we describe that within NI there are populations of neurons that can be distinguished based on the relationship of their firing to hippocampal theta oscillations and delta waves. We show that these neuronal populations largely do not have reciprocal connections with the septohippocampal system, but form separate neuronal loops. Our results suggest that medial septum (MS)-projecting, fast-firing, theta phase-independent NI neurons may participate in theta rhythm generation through direct innervation of the MS, while theta-bursting NI neurons may further transmit the rhythmic signal received from the MS to other structures.
Peristimulus Time Responses Predict Adaptation and Spontaneous Firing of Auditory-Nerve Fibers: From Rodents Data to Humans
Authors: Huet Antoine , Batrel Charlène , Dubernard Xavier , Kleiber Jean-Charles , Desmadryl Gilles , Venail Frédéric , Liberman M. Charles , Nouvian Régis , Puel Jean-Luc , Bourien Jérôme 
Published: January 2022

Sound-level coding in the auditory nerve is achieved through the progressive recruitment of auditory nerve fibers (ANFs) that differ in threshold of activation and in the stimulus level at which the spike rate saturates. To investigate the functional state of the ANFs, the electrophysiological tests routinely used in clinics only capture the first action potentials firing in synchrony at the onset of the acoustic stimulation. Assessment of other properties (e.g., spontaneous rate and adaptation time constants) requires single-fiber recordings directly from the nerve, which for ethical reasons is not allowed in humans. By combining neuronal activity measurements at the round window and signal-processing algorithms, we constructed a peristimulus time response (PSTR), with a waveform similar to the peristimulus time histograms (PSTHs) derived from single-fiber recordings in young adult female gerbils. Simultaneous recordings of round-window PSTR and single-fiber PSTH provided models to predict the adaptation kinetics and spontaneous rate of the ANFs tuned at the PSTR probe frequency. The predictive model derived from gerbils was then validated in female mice and finally applied to humans by recording PSTRs from the auditory nerve in normal-hearing patients who underwent cerebellopontine angle surgeries. A rapid adaptation time constant of ∼3 ms and a mean spontaneous rate of ∼22 spikes/s in the 4 kHz frequency range were found. This study offers a promising diagnostic tool to map the human auditory nerve, thus opening new avenues to better understanding auditory neuropathies, tinnitus, and hyperacusis.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTNeural adaptation in auditory nerve fibers corresponds to the reduction in the neuronal activity to prolonged or repeated sound stimulation. For obvious ethical reasons, single-fiber recordings from the auditory nerve are not feasible in humans, creating a critical gap in extending data obtained using animal models to humans. Using electrocochleography in rodents, we inferred adaptation kinetics and spontaneous discharge rates of the auditory nerve fibers in humans. Routinely used in basic and clinical laboratories, this tool will provide a better understanding of auditory disorders such as neuropathies, tinnitus, and hyperacusis, and will help to improve hearing-aid fittings.
Emotion-modulated Recall: Congruency Effects of Nonverbal Facial and Vocal Cues on Semantic Recall
Authors: Herrera-Bennett Arianne , Puah Shermain , Hasenbein Lisa , Wildgruber Dirk 
Published: January 2022

The current study had two main goals: First, to replicate the ‘bimodal integration’ effect (i.e. the automatic integration of crossmodal stimuli, namely facial emotions and emotional prosody); and second, to investigate whether this phenomenon facilitates or impairs the intake and retention of unattended verbal content. The study borrowed from previous bimodal integration designs and included a two-alternative forced-choice (2AFC) task, where subjects were instructed to identify the emotion of a face (as either ‘angry’ or ‘happy’) while ignoring a concurrently presented sentence (spoken in an angry, happy, or neutral prosody), after which a surprise recall was administered to investigate effects on semantic content retention. While bimodal integration effects were replicated (i.e. faster and more accurate emotion identification under congruent conditions), congruency effects were not found for semantic recall. Overall, semantic recall was better for trials with emotional (vs. neutral) faces, and worse in trials with happy (vs. angry or neutral) prosody. Taken together, our findings suggest that when individuals focus their attention on evaluation of facial expressions, they implicitly integrate nonverbal emotional vocal cues (i.e. hedonic valence or emotional tone of accompanying sentences), and devote less attention to their semantic content. While the impairing effect of happy prosody on recall may indicate an emotional interference effect, more research is required to uncover potential prosody-specific effects. All supplemental online materials can be found on OSF (https://osf.io/am9p2/).