bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of primary headache on daily activities: an observational study using online survey and medical claims data in Japan
Authors: Hirata Koichi , Sano Hiromi , Kondo Hiroyuki , Shibasaki Yoshiyuki , Koga Nobuyuki 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background:Limited epidemiological data are available for headache disorders in Japan, and no recent studies have reported the impact of several primary headache disorders in Japan. This study aimed to report the up-to-date epidemiological data and impact of primary headaches on daily activities as well as the use of medical care, clinical features, and pain severity/activity impairment using nationwide data in Japan.Methods:We used anonymized online survey data coupled with medical claims data, from individuals aged 19-74 years old, that were provided by DeSC Healthcare Inc. The outcomes included the prevalence of migraine, tension-type headache, cluster headache, and other headache types stratified by age and sex, use of medical care, clinical features, medication use, and severity of pain/activity impairment. All outcomes were examined separately for each headache type. This is the second paper reported concurrently with this research.Results:The study population comprised 691/1,441/21/5,208 individuals with migraine/tension-type headache/cluster headache/other headache types, respectively. The prevalence of migraine and tension-type headache was higher in women than in men but was similar for cluster headache (male vs. female, 1.7% vs. 7.4%, 5.3% vs. 10.8%, and 0.1% vs. 0.1%, respectively). The percentage of individuals with migraine, tension-type headache, cluster headache who had not seen a doctor was 81.0%, 92.0%, 57.1%, respectively. The common headache triggers were fatigue in migraine and tension-type headache, and weather-related phenomena and turning of the seasons in migraine. Common activities refrained from or reduced by headaches were “operating a computer or smartphone”, “drinking alcohol”, and “going to crowded places” in all three headache types and housework-related activities in women. Among individuals taking medicines, 16.8%, 15.8%, 47.6% with migraine, tension-type headache, and cluster headache reported moderate to severe pain, respectively, and 12.6%, 7.7%, 19.0% reported moderate to severe disability, respectively.Conclusions:This study found various triggers of headache attacks, and daily activities refrained from or reduced by headaches. Additionally, this study suggested that the disease burden in people possibly experiencing tension-type headaches, many of whom had not seen a doctor. The study findings are of clinical value for the diagnosis and treatment of primary headaches.
Effects of herbicide atrazine on reproductive hormonal levels, Cytochrome P450, and gonadal structure of adult male and female crayfish, Procambarus clarkii
Authors: Nassar Safaa Ezzat , Mohamed Aya Ali , Said Radwa Mohamed 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Atrazine is a herbicide commonly used on grain crops. It has been identified as a potential endocrine disruptor, especially in freshwater species. However, there are little researches on its endocrine disruptor effect in crustaceans. The current study was designed to estimate the median lethal concentration of atrazine (96-h LC50) and to assess the response of the freshwater crayfish Procambarus clarkii as a bioindicator for endocrine disruptors by measuring levels of steroid hormones, total protein, changes in Cytochrome P450 1B1, and histopathology of the ovary and testis. The results showed that the 96-h LC50 of atrazine for male and female P. clarkii was 10.62 and 12.66 mg L−1, respectively. LC10 (1.06 and 1.27mg/l) and LC25 (2.66 and 3.17 mg/l) values for male and female, were chosen for sublethal studies for 28 days. The results indicated that females are more tolerant to atrazine than males. Testosterone and total protein levels were significantly lower, while estradiol and progesterone levels were significantly higher in atrazine-exposed crayfish compared to the control. Also, the levels of CYP450 1B1 increased significantly in the testis, ovary, and hemolymph. The most noticeable histopathological changes in the testis were distorted architecture, spermatogonia distribution disruption in some testicular acini, Vacuolation, and hyperplasia. In the ovary, the separation between ovarian epithelium and oogenetic pouch and lysis in the ovarian epithelium was noted. These parameters could be used as biomarkers to assess herbicide toxicity. Furthermore, P. clarkii could be used as an indicator of endocrine disrupting chemicals in waterways.
Validation and Derivation of short-term prognostic risk score in acute decompensated heart failure in China
Authors: Zhao Hong-Liang , Gao Xiao-Li , Liu Ying-Hua , Li Sen-Lin , Zhang Qi , Shan Wei-Chao , Zheng Qun , Zhou Jiang , Liu Yong-Zheng , Liu Li , Guo Nan , Tian Hong-Sen , Wei Qing-Min , Hu Xi-Tian , Cui Ying-Kai , Geng Xue , Wang Qian , Cui Wei 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Few prognostic risk scores (PRSs) have been widely applied in acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF). We therefore externally validated three published PRSs (3A3B, AHEAD, and OPTIME-CHF) and derived a new PRS to predict the short-term prognosis in ADHF. Methods: A total of 4550 patients from the Heb-ADHF registry in China were randomly divided into the derivation and validation cohort (3:2). Discrimination of each PRS was assessed by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC). Logistic regression was used to select the predictors and create the new PRS. Calibration of the new PRS was assessed by Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test.Results: The AUROCs of the 3A3B, AHEAD, and OPTIME-CHF score in the derivation cohort were 0.55 (95% CI 0.53-0.57), 0.54 (95% CI 0.53-0.56), and 0.56 (95% CI 0.54-0.57), respectively. After logistic regression analysis, the new PRS computed as 1 × (diastolic blood pressure < 80 mmHg) + 2 × (lymphocyte > 1.11 × 109/L) + 1 × (creatinine > 80 μmol/L) + 2 × (blood urea nitrogen > 21 mg/dL) + 1 × [BNP 500 to < 1500 pg/mL (NT-proBNP 2500 to < 7500 pg/mL)] or 3 × [BNP ≥ 1500 (NT-proBNP ≥ 7500) pg/mL] + 3 × (QRS fraction of electrocardiogram < 55%) + 4 × (ACEI/ARB not used) + 1 × (rhBNP used), with a better AUROC 0.67 (95% CI 0.64-0.70) and a good calibration (Hosmer-Lemeshow χ2=3.366, P=0.186). The results in validation cohort verified these findings. Conclusions: The short-term prognostic values of 3A3B, AHEAD, and OPTIME-CHF score in ADHF patients were all poor, while the new PRS exhibited potential predictive ability. We firstly found the QRS fraction of electrocardiogram as a novel predictor for the short-term outcomes of ADHF. Our findings might help to recognize high-risk ADHF patients.
1-D Dusty Photo-ionization Models of WR Planetary Nebulae NGC 2452 and IC 2003
Authors: Muthumariappan C. , Amrutha B.M. , Selvakumar G. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
We report dusty photo-ionization models for two Planetary Nebulae NGC 2452 and IC 2003, which have [WR] type central stars, using photo-ionization code Cloudy17. We used the medium resolution optical spectra and archival IRAS photometry to constrain our models. Further, the physical size of the ionized nebula derived using better known distance value from the literature and absolute Hβ flux were used as additional constrain. We examine the importance of photo-electric heating of the ionized gas by grains in these PNe: model which does not consider photo-electric heating fits the data better for NGC 2452 whereas in the case of IC 2003 the dust heating model fits better. We derive the elemental abundances of these PNe using the empirical method as well as through photo-ionization models. We obtain the values of N/O ratio for both PNe from dusty photo-ionization models which are lower than their respective values arrived using empirical methods. The central stars are assumed to be blackbodies and the photospheric temperatures derived respectively for NGC 2452 and IC 2003 from their best fit models are 182kK and 155kK and their respective luminosities are 630L⊙ and 1015L⊙. We propose that both the PNe were resulted from a lower mass progenitor of mass less than 2.8M⊙.
Polymorphisms of the melatonin receptor 1A (MTNR1A) gene affect sexual performance of Rasa Aragonesa rams without changing their social dominance
Authors: Abecia Jose Alfonso , Heredia Andrea L , Carcangiu Vincenzo , Mura Maria Consuelo , Lama Genaro C Miranda-de la 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate whether a specific genotype of the MTNR1A gene influences social dominance and reproductive performance in rams. Thirty-one rams were genotyped for Rsal and Mnll polymorphism of the gene: CC (n = 19), CT (n = 5), and TT (n = 7), and GG (n = 20), GA (n = 6), or AA (n = 5), respectively. Social behavior was recorded by direct observations, and rams were tested in individual serving-capacity tests. The genotypes did not differ in the numbers of aggressions that they performed or received, and their active and passive behaviors were similar. For the Rsal and Mnll polymorphism, TT and GG rams were responsible for 54% and 56% of the total number of recorded sexual events (P < 0.05), respectively. Results of this study confirm that the best sexual performance of rams was among those that carried certain genotypes of the MTNR1A gene, but it was not correlated with differences in social dominance.
A comparative study of O and Hf vacancies in cubic HfO2 from first-principles study
Authors: Zhang Ning-Chao , Ye Xin , Liu Zheng-Tang , Jiang Cheng-Lu , Liu Qi-Jun 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
First-principles study of cubic HfO2 with O and Hf vacancies was carried out with the plane-wave ultrasoft pseudopotential technique within the generalized gradient approximation (GGA). The crystal structure of cubic HfO2 with O and Hf vacancies was optimized. The band structure, electronic-state density, complex dielectric function, refractive index, extinction coefficient, complex conductivity function, loss function, absorption coefficient and optical reflectivity in pure, O vacancy and Hf vacancy cubic HfO2 were calculated. Compared to the pure cubic HfO2, we find that the O vacancy and Hf vacancy cubic HfO2 are some changes in electronic structure. The Fermi surface extends into the conduction band of the O vacancy cubic HfO2 and the Fermi surface extends into the valence band of the Hf vacancy cubic HfO2.
Novel Approaches for the Application of Herbs for Skin Care
Authors: Gautam Rupesh Kumar , Kamal Mohammad Amjad , Chopra Hitesh , Tsagkaris Christos , Matthews Lauren 
Published: April 2022

Abstract:
Skin is the largest non–parenchymal organ of the human body. It constitutes a natural
barrier against pathogens and harmful environmental exposures and contributes to the human body's
homeostasis. Conditions affecting the skin range from infections and injury to autoimmune diseases
and cancer. Herbs have been used to treat dermatological conditions for a long time. Traditional
approaches to delivering herbs to the skin include ointments, gels, creams, and lotions. However,
poor lipophilicity or hydrophilicity in most herbal preparations results in limited bioavailability and
poor penetration, restricting their effectiveness. Nanotechnology-based approaches have major potential,
showing more promising results in enhancing transdermal penetration than traditional approaches.
This review article summarizes such advances and sheds light on future directions in using
nanotechnology-based strategies.
When the Mind Comes to Live Inside the Body: The Ontogeny of the Perceptual
Control Clock
Authors: Ferber Sari Goldstein , Geva Ronny , Weller Aron 
Published: April 2022

Abstract:
In this editorial, we discuss the neurobiological processes underlying the early emergence
of awareness that we term the “when” and “how” the mind comes to live inside the body. We describe
an accumulative developmental process starting during embryonic life and continuing to fetal
and postnatal development, of coupling of heart rate, body movements, and sleep states on the behavioral
level with underlying mechanisms on the structural, functional, cellular, and molecular levels.
A developmental perspective is proposed based on Perceptual Control Theory (PCT). This includes
a developing sequence of modules starting from early sensing of neural intensities to early
manifestation of human mindful capacities. We also address pharmacological treatments administered
to preterm infants, which may interfere with this development, and highlight the need to consider
this potential “side effect” of current pharmaceuticals when developing novel pharmacogenomic
treatments.
Favorable Aspects of Silymarin in Linezolid Treatment Against Diabetic
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Infected Rats
Authors: Vivekanandan Lalitha , Singaravel Sengottuvelu , Thangavel Sivakumar 
Published: April 2022

Background:
Linezolid used for diabetic methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)
infections is limited due to hepatotoxicity, lactic acidosis, anemia, and oxidative stress induced by diabetes
and linezolid therapy. Silymarin is a hepatoprotective, antioxidant, antibacterial, and antidiabetic.

Objective:
The research investigated the role of silymarin in linezolid treatment against MRSA-infected
diabetic rats.

Methods:
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) was induced by a high-fat diet (58% calories fat) for 2 weeks,
followed by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) 35 mg/kg into Wistar rats. The diabetic
rats were rendered neutropenic and subcutaneously injected with 106 CFU/ml of MRSA. Linezolid
and silymarin were administered orally at a dose of 50 mg/kg twice daily for 14 days. The bacterial
load/abscess, hematological, biochemical, enzymatic parameters, antioxidants, and histopathological studies
were performed on the 42nd day.

Results:
The MRSA was confirmed by PCR assay. The minimum inhibitory concentration of linezolid
was found to be 0.5-2 μg/ml. The linezolid treated MRSA infected diabetic rats showed 9.69 x 103 CFU /
abscess bacterial count, decreased intestinal alkaline phosphatase (IAP), RBC, antioxidants, elevated lactate,
and liver markers than diabetic rats. The silymarin treatment showed a decrease in the bacterial count
(2.98 x 103 CFU / abscess), serum lactate, liver markers, increased IAP levels, and antioxidants in linezolid
treated diabetic infected rats.

Conclusion:
The research concluded that silymarin could be a better herbal therapeutic agent that attenuated
diabetic and linezolid induced complications in MRSA-infected diabetic rats.
Medicinal Importance, Pharmacological Activities, and Analytical Aspects
of an Isoflavone Glycoside Tectoridin
Authors: Patel Dinesh Kumar 
Published: April 2022

Background:
Polyphenols are a group of secondary plant metabolites produced in
plants as a protective system against oxidative stress, UV radiation, pathogens, and predatorial
attacks. Flavonoids are a major class of plant phenolics present in fruits, vegetables, tea, and red
wine. Tectoridin, also called 40,5,7-thrihydroxy-6-methoxyisoflavone-7-Ob-D-glucopyranoside
is an isoflavone glycoside present in the flower of Porites lobata.

Methods:
Present work focused on the biological importance, therapeutic potential, and pharmacological
activities of tectoridin in medicine. Numerous scientific data have been collected from
different literature databases such as Google Scholar, Science Direct, PubMed, and Scopus to
know the health beneficial potential of tectoridin. Pharmacological data have been analyzed in
the present work to know the biological effectiveness of tectoridin against human disorders. Analytical
data of tectoridin have been collected and analyzed in the present work to know the
importance of modern analytical methods in the isolation, separation, and identification of
tectoridin.

Results:
Scientific data analysis revealed the biological importance and therapeutic benefit of
tectoridin in medicine, signifying the therapeutic potential in healthcare systems. The biological
activities of tectoridin are mainly due to its anti-inflammatory, anti-platelet, anti-angiogenic,
hepatoprotective, anti-tumor, estrogenic, antioxidant, and hypoglycemic activity. However, this
work has also presented the effectiveness of tectoridin against rat lens aldose reductase, nitric oxide,
skeletal and cardiac muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum, and enzymes. Analytical data signified
the importance of modern analytical techniques for separation, identification, and isolation of
tectoridin.

Conclusion:
The present work signified the biological importance and therapeutic benefit of tectoridin
in medicine and other allied health sectors.
Comprehending the Role of Endocrine Disruptors in Inducing Epigenetic
Toxicity
Authors: Kirtana Arikath , Seetharaman Barathi 
Published: April 2022

Abstract:
Endocrine disruptors are natural or man-made chemicals that interfere with the body’s
endocrine system leading to hormone synthesis and production defects. These chemicals are
categorized as plasticizers and cosmetic chemicals, heavy metals, phytoestrogens, pesticides,
detergents, surfactants, and flame retardants. Some of the most common endocrine disruptors
are dioxins, bisphenol A, phthalates, perchlorate, perfluoroalkyl, and poly-fluoroalkyl substances
(PFAs), phytoestrogens, polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), polychlorinated biphenyls
(PCB), triclosan, atrazine, lead, arsenic, mercury, organophosphate pesticides, and glycol
ethers. Epigenetic alterations such as DNA methylation, histone modification, and miRNA
regulation have been observed to play a major role in many diseases such as cancer, neurodegenerative
diseases, PCOS, cardiovascular diseases, and various other disorders. In recent times,
there has been a focus on endocrine-disrupting chemicals in epigenetic alterations. This review
concentrates on estrogen and androgen disrupting effects, placental, and fetal effects, thyroid
disrupting effects, and transgenerational effects of endocrine disruptors.
Mathematical Modelling of a Non-Isothermal Tubular Reactor
Authors: Pal Dipankar , Ghosh Sourav 
Published: April 2022

Background:
Tubular reactors have wide applications in various industries, namely,
ammonia synthesis, oil cracking, gasoline production, and sulfur dioxide oxidation to sulfur trioxide.
The most common reactor is the tubular flow reactor. This article aims to study the variation
of outlet concentration and temperature on different parameters, like Reynolds number, Prandtl
number, and Peclet number, which determine the performance and conversion of reactants. This
article shows the temperature and concentration profiles of various parameters.

Methodology:
In the analysis of the first part of the article, a different governing equation of a nonisothermal
tubular flow reactor has been described. The non-dimensionless form of the governing
equations has been derived by applying different boundary conditions. COMSOL Multiphysics
software was used (version -5.6) to solve the coupled governing equations (non-linear PDE).

Results:
The plots of various parameters like Reynolds number, Prandtl number with outlet temperature,
and conversion have been shown. The temperature and concentration profile for certain
conditions are also shown.

Conclusion:
The variation of parameters shows how strongly they depend on the net conversion
of reaction. The thermal effects should be taken care of as the heat of the reaction is very sensitive
to converting and forwarding the reaction. Proper temperatures must be maintained for highly
exothermic reactions; a real-life process is Haber’s process of ammonia production.
В пространстве научного центра: условия труда ученых
Authors: Бочаров Юрий , Фрезинская Наталия , Сергеев Кирилл 
Published: April 2022

В статье рассматриваются проблемы пространственной организации научных центров, возникших в нашей стране. Условия труда учёных исследуются на примере Пущинского научного центра биологических исследований, Новосибирского научного центра, Научно-образовательного центра на острове Русский во Владивостоке. Привлекаются материалы, отражающие развитие объектов науки в США, Чили, Германии, Великобритании, Франции и Швейцарии. Анализируются подходы к решению проектных задач и даются предложения, актуальные в сегодняшних обстоятельствах. Тексты статьи сопровождаются графиком, чертежами и фотографиями.
Выполняется анализ факторов, способных оказывать существенное воздействие на функциональный состав и планировку градостроительных образований, ставших очагамисосредоточения учёных. Отмечается необходимость расширения сети центров коллективного пользования (в том числе установок класса мегасайенс), обеспечивающих возможности продвижения фронта научных исследований при одновременной экономии земельных ресурсов и денежных средств. Характеризуются особенности взаимного размещения подразделений, ведущих дистанционные исследования. Предлагается учитывать индивидуальные требования участников производственного процесса к его материальной среде, создавать центры нестандартных заказов на территории научных зон.
Подчёркивается, что развитие информационно-коммуникационных технологий не снижает потребности в личных деловых контактах, ими обуславливается необходимость создания зон профессионального общения и временного жилища, интерактивных музеев и выставочных комплексов. Исследуется роль культурной среды и живописных природных ландшафтов в процессах творческой деятельности. Выводы и предложения авторов иллюстрируются экспериментальной схемой планировки Заречья – научного центра, размещённого на условной площадке в Подмосковье, к западу от Москвы.
Penggunaaan Teknologi Dalam Pembelajaran Daring Pada Kelompok Kerja Guru PAI SD
Authors: Rusdiani Atik , Saputra Joni 
Published: April 2022

Tujuan dari pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah untuk membantu guru PAI pada Kelompok Kerja Guru PAI SD Kecamatan Natar dengan memberikan dukungan/pelatihan/bimbingan penggunaan teknologi dalam pembelajaran daring sehingga pembelajaran daring dapat dilakukan dengan baik di SD kecamatan Natar. Metode implementasi melalui mentoring, pelatihan dan lokakarya.. Haasil pretest menunjukkan 16% peserta kurang memahami teknologi, dan 84% peserta tidak memahami teknologi. Hasil post- tes menunjukkan 36% peserta baik memahmi teknologi dan 64% peserta cukup baik memahami teknologi. Kegiatan ini berlangsung dengan berlatih menggunakan teknologi dalam pembelajaran online untuk meningkatkan pemahaman dan sumber daya guru PAI dalam penggunaan teknologi yang efektif dan maksimal dalam pembelajaran daring