bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The influence of temperature environmental on performance of HNIW/FOX-7 based PBXs
Authors: Zhou Mengnan , Chen Shusen , Chao Hui , Wang Na , Yan Bo , Lan Guanchao , Jin Shaohua 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDuring application, energetic materials may suffer different temperature environmental stimulation. In order to study the influence of temperature environmental on performance of HNIW/FOX-7 based PBXs, HNIW/FOX-7 based PBX modeling powders and PBX columns were treated by LT (low temperature), HT (high temperature), HLC (high-low temperature cycle) and HLS (high-low temperature shock). Then scanning electron microscope (SEM), infrared spectra (IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were used to study the variation of PBX modeling powders after LT, HT, HLC and HLS treatments; in addition, the mass, size and mechanical properties of PBX columns were characterized after different temperature adaptability treatments as well. The results indicate that the change ratios of mass and size of HNIW/FOX-7 based PBX columns are less than 1%, illustrating that mass and size of PBX columns are at acceptable level after different temperature adaptability treatments. The unevenness degree of the surface of PBX modeling powders followed the order of HLC > HT > LT > HLS, which agrees well with mass loss order. Moreover, IR and XRD results indicated that the molecular structure and crystal form of HNIW and FOX-7 did not change after different temperature adaptability treatments. Additionally, thermal stabilities of PBX modeling powders are decreased after different temperature adaptability treatments, among which HLS has the largest influence on HNIW/FOX-based PBX modeling powders. The compression strengths and elastic moduli of HNIW/FOX-based PBX columns are enhanced after different temperature adaptability treatments, among which the strength of PBX columns after HLC has the maximum increase, indicating that HLC has more significant effect on mechanical property.
Collective responses of bacteria to a local source of conflicting effectors
Authors: Livne Nir , Vaknin Ady 
Published: March 2022

AbstractTo cope in complex environments, motile bacteria have developed a chemosensory system that integrates multiple cues and directs their motion toward regions that it deems favorable. However, we have a limited understanding of the principles that govern bacterial behavior in complex stimuli fields. Here, we followed the spatial redistribution of E. coli cells in perplexing environments created by a local source of both beneficial (nutrients) and hazardous (low pH or indole) effectors. We identified two fundamentally distinct collective responses: a ‘trade-off’ response, in which bacteria sharply accumulated at a distance from the source that reflected a trade-off between the propagating effectors, and a ‘bet-hedging’ response, in which part of the bacteria accumulated away from the source, avoiding the hazardous effector, while the other part evaded the repulsive force and accumulated at the source. In addition, we demonstrate that cells lacking the Tsr sensor swim toward both repellents and, surprisingly, even toward pH values well below 7. Using a numerical analysis, we could correlate the collective bacterial responses with fundamentally distinct chemotactic force fields created along the channel by the propagation of the effectors and their unique perception by the chemosensory system.
Effects of plastic mulching on soil CO2 efflux in a cotton field in northwestern China
Authors: Zhao Zhimin , Shi Fengxia , Guan Fachun 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn Northwestern China, more and more traditional cultivation system (TC) with no mulching and flood irrigation have been replaced by modern cultivation technology (MC) combining plastic film mulching with drip irrigation. Does plastic film mulching increase or reduce soil CO2 emission in arid areas? In order to study the effects of plastic mulching on soil CO2 efflux, a field study was conducted to compare soil CO2 concentration, soil CO2 efflux, soil temperature and moisture between the TC treatment and the MC treatment during a cotton growing season in Northwestern China. The seasonal patterns of soil profile temperature and soil moisture in the TC treatment were similar to that in the MC treatment. The mean value of soil profile temperature in the MC treatment was higher than that in the TC treatment. Except for soil moisture at 15 cm depth, the mean value of soil moisture at 5 cm and 10 cm depths in the MC treatment was higher than that in the TC treatment. The variation patterns of soil CO2 concentration and soil CO2 efflux in MC treatment were different to that in the TC treatment. Although the peak of soil CO2 concentration in the TC treatment was earlier than that in the MC treatment, the duration of soil CO2 concentration with high values in TC treatment was shorter than that in the MC treatment. Based on the model of Fick’s first diffusion law, soil surface CO2 efflux in the MC and TC treatments were determined. The surface CO2 efflux in the TC treatment calculated by Fick’s first diffusion law model was in good agreement with the value measured by chamber method. The seasonal curve of soil surface CO2 efflux in the MC treatment indicate the similar pattern with that in the TC treatment, and the rate of CO2 efflux was lower in the MC system. In the MC treatment, the seasonal variation of soil surface efflux was explained more by soil moisture than by soil temperature. However, in the TC treatment, the seasonal variation of soil surface efflux was explained more by soil temperature than by soil moisture. Over the completely experimental period, accumulated rates of soil CO2 efflux were 361 g C m−2 and 474 g C m−2 for the MC and TC system, respectively. We concluded that converting agricultural practices from traditional cultivation to the plastic mulching cultivation could reduce soil CO2 efflux by approximately 110 g C m−2 year−1 in agricultural land in arid areas of Northwestern China.
The gut microbiome of exudivorous marmosets in the wild and captivity
Authors: Malukiewicz Joanna , Cartwright Reed A. , Dergam Jorge A. , Igayara Claudia S. , Kessler Sharon E. , Moreira Silvia B. , Nash Leanne T. , Nicola Patricia A. , Pereira Luiz C. M. , Pissinatti Alcides , Ruiz-Miranda Carlos R. , Ozga Andrew T. , Quirino Adriana A. , Roos Christian , Silva Daniel L. , Stone Anne C. , Grativol Adriana D. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMammalian captive dietary specialists like folivores are prone to gastrointestinal distress and primate dietary specialists suffer the greatest gut microbiome diversity losses in captivity compared to the wild. Marmosets represent another group of dietary specialists, exudivores that eat plant exudates, but whose microbiome remains relatively less studied. The common occurrence of gastrointestinal distress in captive marmosets prompted us to study the Callithrix gut microbiome composition and predictive function through bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA V4 region sequencing. We sampled 59 wild and captive Callithrix across four species and their hybrids. Host environment had a stronger effect on the gut microbiome than host taxon. Wild Callithrix gut microbiomes were enriched for Bifidobacterium, which process host-indigestible carbohydrates. Captive marmoset guts were enriched for Enterobacteriaceae, a family containing pathogenic bacteria. While gut microbiome function was similar across marmosets, Enterobacteriaceae seem to carry out most functional activities in captive host guts. More diverse bacterial taxa seem to perform gut functions in wild marmosets, with Bifidobacterium being important for carbohydrate metabolism. Captive marmosets showed gut microbiome composition aspects seen in human gastrointestinal diseases. Thus, captivity may perturb the exudivore gut microbiome, which raises implications for captive exudivore welfare and calls for husbandry modifications.
Glyoxylate protects against cyanide toxicity through metabolic modulation
Authors: Nielson Jason R. , Nath Anjali K. , Doane Kim P. , Shi Xu , Lee Jangwoen , Tippetts Emily G. , Saha Kusumika , Morningstar Jordan , Hicks Kevin G. , Chan Adriano , Zhao Yanbin , Kelly Amy , Hendry-Hofer Tara B. , Witeof Alyssa , Sips Patrick Y. , Mahon Sari , Bebarta Vikhyat S. , Davisson Vincent Jo , Boss Gerry R. , Rutter Jared , MacRae Calum A. , Brenner Matthew , Gerszten Robert E. , Peterson Randall T. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAlthough cyanide’s biological effects are pleiotropic, its most obvious effects are as a metabolic poison. Cyanide potently inhibits cytochrome c oxidase and potentially other metabolic enzymes, thereby unleashing a cascade of metabolic perturbations that are believed to cause lethality. From systematic screens of human metabolites using a zebrafish model of cyanide toxicity, we have identified the TCA-derived small molecule glyoxylate as a potential cyanide countermeasure. Following cyanide exposure, treatment with glyoxylate in both mammalian and non-mammalian animal models confers resistance to cyanide toxicity with greater efficacy and faster kinetics than known cyanide scavengers. Glyoxylate-mediated cyanide resistance is accompanied by rapid pyruvate consumption without an accompanying increase in lactate concentration. Lactate dehydrogenase is required for this effect which distinguishes the mechanism of glyoxylate rescue as distinct from countermeasures based solely on chemical cyanide scavenging. Our metabolic data together support the hypothesis that glyoxylate confers survival at least in part by reversing the cyanide-induced redox imbalances in the cytosol and mitochondria. The data presented herein represent the identification of a potential cyanide countermeasure operating through a novel mechanism of metabolic modulation.
Applying the perturbative integral in aeromaneuvers around Mars to calculate the cost
Authors: Piñeros Jhonathan O. Murcia , de Almeida Prado Antônio F. Bertachini , dos Santos Walter Abrahão , de Moraes Rodolpho Vilhena 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe perturbative integral method was applied to quantify the contribution of external forces during a specific interval of time in trajectories of spacecraft around asteroids and under the Luni-solar influence. However, this method has not been used to quantify the contributions of drag in aerocapture and aerobraking. For this reason, the planet Mars is selected to apply this method during an aerogravity-assisted maneuver. Several trajectories are analyzed, making use of a drag device with area to mass ratios varying from 0.0 to 20.0 m2/kg, simulating solar sails or de-orbit devices. The mathematical model is based in the restricted three-body problem. The use of this maneuver makes it possible to obtain the variations of energy in the trajectory, replacing expensive maneuvers based on fuel consumption. To observe the effects of the maneuvers, different values of pericenter velocity and altitude were selected for prograde and retrograde orbits. The innovation of this research is the application of an integral method to quantify the delta-V of the aero gravity maneuver, comparing the cost of the maneuver with the traditional methods of space propulsion. The results allow the identification of orbits with conditions to capture, and the perturbative maps show the velocity variations.
A nationwide study of the risks of major mental disorders among the offspring of parents with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Chiu Hsien-Jane , Sun Cheuk-Kwan , Tsai Shih-Jen , Bai Ya-Mei , Hung Kuo-Chuan , Hsu Ju-Wei , Huang Kai-Lin , Su Tung-Ping , Chen Tzeng-Ji , Sun Andrew , Cheng Yu-Shian , Chen Mu-Hong 
Published: March 2022

AbstractRheumatoid arthritis (RA) may share genomic risks with certain mental disorders. This study aimed at investigating associations between parental RA and risks of mental disorders in offspring. Using the National Health Insurance Research Database (2001–2010), we conducted a matched cohort study involving two parent–child cohorts (i.e., RA-parent–child cohort and non-RA-parent–child cohort) between which risks of major mental disorders in offspring were compared. There were 23,981 parent–child pairs in the RA-parent–child cohort and 239,810 in the non-RA-parent–child cohort. Preliminary analysis demonstrated increased risks of autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) [Odds ratio (OR) 1.47; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.05–2.07], attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) [OR 1.34; (95% CI 1.17–1.54)], bipolar disorder [OR 1.41 (95% CI 1.17–1.70)], and major depressive disorder [OR 1.20 (95% CI 1.07–1.35)] associated with parental RA. Sub-group analysis further showed higher risks of the four disorders in children of mothers with RA but not those from fathers with RA. Higher risks of ASDs and ADHD were not noted in children of mothers with RA before childbirth. Maternal RA, but not paternal RA or mothers diagnosed with RA before childbirth, was associated with increased risks of multiple mental disorders in their offspring, suggesting potential contributions of maternal genetic factors to ASDs and ADHD development in offspring.
Upregulation of Cytotoxic T-cells in pediatric patients with Gaucher disease
Authors: Zahran Asmaa M. , Saad Khaled , Elsayh Khalid I. , Abdou Madleen Adel A. , Abo-Elgheet Amir M. , Eloseily Esraa M. , Khalaf Shaimaa M. , Sror Shabaan , Ahmad Faisal-Alkhateeb , Elhoufey Amira , Ghandour Aliaa , Osman Naglaa S. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractCytotoxic (CD8) T-cells and natural killer (NK) cells have a significant immune function role. The ongoing stimulation of immunity and the excessive release of proinflammatory cytokines observed in pediatric patients with Gaucher disease (GD) can affect immune cells. Few studies have looked at the proportion of cytotoxic CD8 T-cells and their subsets in children with GD. A prospective case–control study was performed involving twenty pediatric patients with type 1 GD and twenty healthy age-matched controls. All patients received regular enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) for at least 6 months before the study. Complete blood count and flow cytometric analyses of CD8 T, Tc1, Tc2, NK, and NK T-cells were performed. GD patients showed significantly increased of CD8 T, Tc1 and significantly decreased NK cells frequencies when compared to healthy controls. However, no significant difference in Tc2 and NK T-cells was found between the studied groups. GD patients on regular ERT have increased CD8+ T-cell frequencies, predominantly Tc1, together with a reduction in NK cells than in healthy controls. These crucial immunological changes may contribute to some extent to the pathogenesis and the progression of GD.
Altered proteome in translation initiation fidelity defective eIF5G31R mutant causes oxidative stress and DNA damage
Authors: Ram Anup Kumar , Mallik Monalisha , Reddy R. Rajendra , Suryawanshi Amol Ratnakar , Alone Pankaj V. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe recognition of the AUG start codon and selection of an open reading frame (ORF) is fundamental to protein biosynthesis. Defect in the fidelity of start codon selection adversely affect proteome and have a pleiotropic effect on cellular function. Using proteomic techniques, we identified differential protein abundance in the translation initiation fidelity defective eIF5G31R mutant that initiates translation using UUG codon in addition to the AUG start codon. Consistently, the eIF5G31R mutant altered proteome involved in protein catabolism, nucleotide biosynthesis, lipid biosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, oxidation–reduction pathway, autophagy and re-programs the cellular pathways. The utilization of the upstream UUG codons by the eIF5G31R mutation caused downregulation of uridylate kinase expression, sensitivity to hydroxyurea, and DNA damage. The eIF5G31R mutant cells showed lower glutathione levels, high ROS activity, and sensitivity to H2O2.
Quinoline based thiosemicarbazones as colorimetric chemosensors for fluoride and cyanide ions and DFT studies
Authors: Basri Rabia , Ahmed Nadeem , Khalid Muhammad , Khan Muhammad Usman , Abdullah Muhammad , Syed Asad , Elgorban Abdallah M. , Al-Rejaie Salim S. , Braga Ataualpa Albert Carmo , Shafiq Zahid 
Published: March 2022

AbstractHigh toxicity and extensive accessibility of fluoride and cyanide ions in diverse environmental media encouraged attention for scheming well-organized probes for their detection. Keeping in mind we have designed and synthesized thiosemicarbazone-based chemosensors RB-1, RB-2 and RB-3 for the detection of fluoride and cyanide ions. The structural elucidation of the synthesized chemosensors is done by employing different analytical techniques including nuclear magnetic resonance and electronic absorption specrtoscopies. Admirable detection limit, binding constant and fast response time (2 s) to F− and CN− ions enlarged the applications of these chemosensors. Additional confirmation of the sensing ability of these chemosensors is derived from DFT and TDDFT calculations with M06/6-311G(d,p) method by performing FMO, UV–Vis, QTAIM and global reactivity parameters elucidation. Overall results point out that investigated chemosensors are suitable candidates for sensing the F− ions. These chemosensors were successfully applied to detect F− ions in a commercial toothpaste sample.
An improved adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system model using conjoined metaheuristic algorithms for electrical conductivity prediction
Authors: Ahmadianfar Iman , Shirvani-Hosseini Seyedehelham , He Jianxun , Samadi-Koucheksaraee Arvin , Yaseen Zaher Mundher 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPrecise prediction of water quality parameters plays a significant role in making an early alert of water pollution and making better decisions for the management of water resources. As one of the influential indicative parameters, electrical conductivity (EC) has a crucial role in calculating the proportion of mineralization. In this study, the integration of an adaptive hybrid of differential evolution and particle swarm optimization (A-DEPSO) with adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) model is adopted for EC prediction. The A-DEPSO method uses unique mutation and crossover processes to correspondingly boost global and local search mechanisms. It also uses a refreshing operator to prevent the solution from being caught inside the local optimal solutions. This study uses A-DEPSO optimizer for ANFIS training phase to eliminate defects and predict accurately the EC water quality parameter every month at the Maroon River in the southwest of Iran. Accordingly, the recorded dataset originated from the Tange-Takab station from 1980 to 2016 was operated to develop the ANFIS-A-DEPSO model. Besides, the wavelet analysis was jointed to the proposed algorithm in which the original time series of EC was disintegrated into the sub-time series through two mother wavelets to boost the prediction certainty. In the following, the comparison between statistical metrics of the standalone ANFIS, least-square support vector machine (LSSVM), multivariate adaptive regression spline (MARS), generalized regression neural network (GRNN), wavelet-LSSVM (WLSSVM), wavelet-MARS (W-MARS), wavelet-ANFIS (W-ANFIS) and wavelet-GRNN (W-GRNN) models was implemented. As a result, it was apparent that not only was the W-ANFIS-A-DEPSO model able to rise remarkably the EC prediction certainty, but W-ANFIS-A-DEPSO (R = 0.988, RMSE = 53.841, and PI = 0.485) also had the edge over other models with Dmey mother in terms of EC prediction. Moreover, the W-ANFIS-A-DEPSO can improve the RMSE compared to the standalone ANFIS-DEPSO model, accounting for 80%. Hence, this model can create a closer approximation of EC value through W-ANFIS-A-DEPSO model, which is likely to act as a promising procedure to simulate the prediction of EC data.
Mining human preference via self-correction causal structure learning
Authors: Sun Jian , Wu Chenye , Peng Weihua , Huang Jiayan , Han Cuiyun , Zhu Yong , Lyu Yajuan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSpurred by causal structure learning (CSL) ability to reveal the cause–effect connection, significant research efforts have been made to enhance the scalability of CSL algorithms in various artificial intelligence applications. However, less effort has been made regarding the stability and the interpretability of CSL algorithms. Thus, this work proposes a self-correction mechanism that embeds domain knowledge for CSL, improving the stability and accuracy even in low-dimensional but high-noise environments by guaranteeing a meaningful output. The suggested algorithm is challenged against multiple classic and influential CSL algorithms in synthesized and field datasets. Our algorithm achieves a superior accuracy on the synthesized dataset, while on the field dataset, our method interprets the learned causal structure as a human preference for investment, coinciding with domain expert analysis.
Synthesis and characterization of highly efficient and recoverable Cu@MCM-41-(2-hydroxy-3-propoxypropyl) metformin mesoporous catalyst and its uses in Ullmann type reactions
Authors: Robatjazi Zahra S. , Naimi-Jamal M. Reza , Tajbakhsh Mahdieh 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe functionalized MCM-41-(2-hydroxy-3-propoxypropyl) metformin was prepared and anchored by copper ions to employ as a catalyst for the Ullmann C-X coupling reaction. The catalyst was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy measurements and, N2 adsorption–desorption isotherms. The benefits of this catalyst are the use of inexpensive and non-toxic metformin ligand, easy catalyst/product separation, and catalyst recycling. The catalyst can be reused at least for five repeated cycles without a significant loss of its catalytic activity or metal leaching.
Identification of microRNAs associated with human fragile X syndrome using next-generation sequencing
Authors: Sotoudeh Anvari Maryam , Vasei Hamed , Najmabadi Hossein , Badv Reza Shervin , Golipour Akram , Mohammadi-Yeganeh Samira , Salehi Saeede , Mohamadi Mahmood , Goodarzynejad Hamidreza , Mowla Seyed Javad 
Published: March 2022

AbstractFragile X syndrome (FXS) is caused by a mutation in the FMR1 gene which can lead to a loss or shortage of the FMR1 protein. This protein interacts with specific miRNAs and can cause a range of neurological disorders. Therefore, miRNAs could act as a novel class of biomarkers for common CNS diseases. This study aimed to test this theory by exploring the expression profiles of various miRNAs in Iranian using deep sequencing-based technologies and validating the miRNAs affecting the expression of the FMR1 gene. Blood samples were taken from 15 patients with FXS (9 males, 6 females) and 12 controls. 25 miRNAs were differentially expressed in individuals with FXS compared to controls. Levels of 9 miRNAs were found to be significantly changed (3 upregulated and 6 downregulated). In Patients, the levels of hsa-miR-532-5p, hsa-miR-652-3p and hsa-miR-4797-3p were significantly upregulated while levels of hsa-miR-191-5p, hsa-miR-181-5p, hsa-miR-26a-5p, hsa-miR-30e-5p, hsa-miR-186-5p, and hsa-miR-4797-5p exhibited significant downregulation; and these dysregulations were confirmed by RT‐qPCR. This study presents among the first evidence of altered miRNA expression in blood samples from patients with FXS, which could be used for diagnostic, prognostic, and treatment purposes. Larger studies are required to confirm these preliminary results.