bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of transcranial direct current stimulation and cognitive therapy based on mindfulness on inhibitory control and selective attention in adults with attention deficient/hyperactivity disorder
Authors: Mikaieli Niloofar , kelarde Sara moradi , Narimani Mohammad , Khanzadeh Abbasali Hossein , Salvat Habibeh 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Hyperactivity disorder/attention deficit is one of the most adverse neurological disorders that are associated with multiple defects in cognitive and behavioral dimensions, and sometimes continues until adulthood. Today, due to side effects of drugs, compulsion to continue consumption in order to maintain the effects and weak adherence to drug therapy, Non-drug treatments has been welcomed for this disorder. The purpose of this study is to compare the effects of cognitive therapy based on mind awareness and transcranial direct current stimulation on inhibition control and selective attention. Method: This experimental study has multi-groups pretest-posttest design in which an experimental group is exposed to electrical stimulation intervention (5 sessions of 20-minute interventions of electrical stimulation with flow of 1 mA) and one another experimental group was exposed to Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (8 sessions 90 minutes, three days a week) and the control group did not receive any intervention. The statistical population is all people with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder in Rasht. Participants in this study were 45 subjects (15 in each group), which were selected by the convenience method and also in recall. Results: The results showed that cognitive therapy based on mind awareness and electrical stimulation of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex had a significant effect on inhibition control and selective attention. Conclusions: Based on the findings, it is recommended that mindfulness-based cognitive therapy and transcranial direct current stimulation methods be used by psychiatrists, psychologists and psychotherapists in neurological clinics and psychological services as a method of intervention and prevention.
The Effect of Education Based on Health Belief Model on Hand Hygiene Behavior in the Staff of Tehran Dentistry Centers
Authors: Kouhi Reza , Amjadian Mohiadin , Panahi Rahman , Sobhani Mohsen Amin , Khodakarim Soheila , Ramezankhani Ali 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background and Objectives: Considering the increasing prevalence of dental services in the community and the impossibility of identifying each infected patient, hand sanitation is the most critical factor in controlling infection in these centers. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effect of educational intervention on the hand health behavior of the staff of Tehran dentistry clinics based on the Health Belief Model.Materials and methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 128 employees of the health centers were selected through multistage sampling method and they were placed in two groups of intervention and control (every 64 people). The data was collected using a questionnaire devised by the researcher. The validity and reliability of the questionnaire were determined. The questionnaire consisted of demographics, knowledge, structures of the health belief model, and behavior variables. Then, the intervention was administered based on the health belief method. Data were analyzed by SPSS16 and independent t-test, Man Whitney, Chi-square, and variance analysis tests. Results: Before the intervention, the two intervention and control groups did not differ significantly in terms of demographic variables, mean score of knowledge, constructs of health belief model, and behavior scores (P>0.05) while the intervention group was scored higher significantly compared to the control one after the intervention (P<0.001).Conclusion: According to the findings, the health belief model can be used as a framework for designing educational interventions to improve the health behavior of the hand to control infection in health centers.
Early Treatment Regimens Achieve Sustained Virologic Remission in Infant Macaques Infected with SIV at Birth
Authors: Wang Xiaolei , Vincent Eunice , Siddiqui Summer , Turnbull Katherine , Lu Hong , Blair Robert , Wu Xueling , Watkins Meagan , Ziani Widade , Shao Jiasheng , Doyle-Meyers Lara , Russell-Lodrigue Kasi , Bohm Rudolf , Veazey Ronald , Xu Huanbin 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Early antiretroviral therapy (ART) in HIV-infected infants generally fails to achieve a sustained state of ART-free virologic remission, leading to rapid viral rebound, even after years of analytical treatment interruption. Our studies showed that in contrast to adults, skewing of viral integration was observed in neonatal macaques intravenously exposed to SIV at birth. Further, one month of ART regimen combined an integrase inhibitor, initiated at day 3 but not day 4 and 5 post infection, efficiently and rapidly suppressed viremia to undetectable levels. Finally, interventions initiated at day 3 post infection for 9 months achieved a sustained virologic remission in ~80% infants. Collectively, an early intervention strategy with a key time checkpoint and regimen may resulted in viral remission for neonatal SIV infection, which may be clinically relevant for optimizing treatment strategies for HIV-infected infants.
Modulatory Effects of Cilostazol; an Nrf2/HO-1 activator against NAFLD in Rats Confirmed by Molecular Docking and FTIR Studies
Authors: A.Sedik Ahmed , A.Amer Asmaa 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a complex hepato-metabolic syndrome withmulti-etiological pathways. No effective drugs have been settled for the effective therapy ofNAFLD. The purpose of this study was to investigate the modulatory effects of cilostazol (CILO,50 and 100 mg/kg.p.o.) against NAFLD induced by high fat diet rich in cholesterol (HFD- CH)for 10 weeks. Thirty male Sprague dawely rats were divided into 4 groups (8 rat / group).Normal control group supplied with normal chow diet. Control positive group received high fatdiet rich in cholesterol for 10 weeks. In addition, two CILO groups received (CILO, 50 and 100mg/kg.p.o.). Oral administration of (CILO; 100 mg/kg) showed promising results in reducingfasting glucose and insulin levels. Moreover, CILO could reduce the elevated hepatic lipids,oxidative stress biomarkers and inflammatory cytokines. In addition, CILO succeeded to restorethe total protein levels and activate nuclear factor erythroid-related factor 2/ heme oxygenase-1(Nrf2/HO-1) activity. Furthermore, administration of CILO for NAFLD rats succeeded to showcorrected and normalized FTIR spectra. We also investigated the plausible binding interactionsof CILO with various biological targets using a molecular docking approach, and the resultsshowed that CILO had an excellent docking energy score and significant binding interactionswith the core amino acids involved in the active pocket for the enzymes studied. This studydepicts that CILO exerted new intervention for NAFLD due to its complementary antihyperlipdemic,anti-inflammatory effects and antioxidant potential, via Nrf2/HO-1 activation.
A Probabilistic Deformation-based Seismic Hazard Model for Iran
Authors: Lotfi Alireza , Zafarani Hamid , Khodaverdian Alireza 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Probabilistic seismic hazard analysis, as the most prevalent approach to evaluate earthquake hazard, is commonly based on earthquake catalogs. Although previous studies show that the recurrence time of large-magnitude ( M w > 7.0) events in Iran is more than ~1000-2000 years, the available instrumentally recorded earthquakes are limited to less than 100 years. With the idea of having another proxy for seismicity rates, we propose a methodology to evaluate activity rates from strain rates in a combination of regional estimates of and . Considering the comprehensive deformation model of the Iranian Plateau, we found that the deformation-based occurrence rates are more than the catalog-based occurrence rates in all seismotectonic provinces in the Iranian Plateau. Except for Central Iran, the ratios of the deformation-based to the catalog-based occurrence rate are between 1.21-3.95. For the first time, a probabilistic deformation-based seismic hazard model for the Iranian plateau is also developed and Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA) values for 10% and 2% POEs in 50 years are estimated. The highest levels of PGA are found in the Azerbaijan and Alborz seismotectonic provinces, where the highest value of strain rates is located. The spatial averages of PGA with 10% POE in 50 years from the deformation-based model are up to 30% higher than the results of a traditional probabilistic seismic hazard for almost all provinces except the Zagros region.
A Retrospective Comparison Of Platelet Indices For Diagnosing Infected Nonunion
Authors: Wang Zhen , Mao Hai-Jun , Qiu Xu-Sheng , Chen Yi-Xin , Xu Guang-Yue 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Previous studies have been conducted to evaluate the diagnostic values of platelet indices in some infectious diseases. However, the predictive values of platelet indices for infected nonunion have not yet been evaluated. The purpose of this study was to assess the diagnostic performance of platelet indices in infected nonunion.Methods: This study was performed retrospectively on patients who underwent primary fracture nonunion revision surgeries from January 2016 to December 2021. 297 patients with 96 infected nonunion (group A) and 201 aseptic nonunion (group B) who met our inclusion criteria were included. Receiver Operator Characteristic (ROC) curve, sensitivity, and specificity of preoperative clinical parameters were analyzed and compared. Results: The demographic characteristics were similar and had no significant difference between two groups. Compared with group B, the levels of WBC, CRP, ESR, plasma fibrinogen, plasma D-dimer, PC, PCT, and PC/MPV were significantly higher, but the levels of MPV and PDW were significantly lower in group A (p < 0.05). ROC curves showed that PC/MPV and plasma fibrinogen outperformed the other coagulation indicators, with areas under the curve of 0.801 and 0.807, respectively. The multiple tests of ESR, plasma fibrinogen and PC/MPV had good sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of infected nonunion, and the diagnostic values of PC/MP was better than ESR and plasma fibrinogen in the subgroup. Conclusions: Our study demonstrates that the diagnostic performance of coagulation indicators, plasma fibrinogen and PC/MPV, are high and they can increase the accuracy of infected nonunion diagnosis.
The effect of salience of rewards on effort-based decision making in psychotic disorders
Authors: Renz Katharina Elisabeth , Lincoln Tania Marie 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Although motivational negative symptoms account for reduced functioning and quality of life in individuals with psychotic disorders, the underlying mechanisms are yet not fully understood. Neuroimaging studies suggest that an impaired perception of reward cues could result in a lack of incentive value that then leads to a decrease in goal-directed behavior. Therefore, the aim of this study was to test the effect of increasing the salience of reward cues on goal-directed behavior. Methods: We recruited a sample of n=30 participants with a psychotic disorder and at least mild negative symptoms and n=30 healthy controls. We used the Balloon Effort Task, an effort-based decision-making paradigm, to assess amotivation on a behavioral level. We manipulated the salience of rewards in the paradigm by highlighting the monetary rewards in half of the trials. Results: Effort expenditure did not differ between participants with and without psychotic disorders, but participants with psychotic disorders showed a significantly reduced effort allocation to the level of rewards. The salience of rewards manipulation significantly increased effort expenditure both in participants with psychotic disorders and in the healthy controls, but had no impact on effort allocation. Conclusions: Increasing the salience of reward cues promotes goal-directed behavior. This opens up new possibilities for interventions addressing amotivation in individuals with negative symptoms by facilitating the perception of reward cues.
The Response of N2-Fixing Bacteria To PH Changes, Temperature, And Elevated Levels of CO2 Can Depend On Their Nutrient Status
Authors: Fernández-Juárez Víctor , Zech Elisa H. , Pol-Pol Elisabet , Ag Nona S.R 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Ocean acidification and warming are current global challenges that marine diazotrophs, i.e., bacteria capable to reduce gas N 2 to ammonium, must cope with. Barely nothing is known about the effects of changes in pH and temperature with increased CO 2 levels in combination with different nutrient regimes in N 2 -fixers, especially in heterotrophic bacteria, and those found in association with seagrasses. Here, we selected four cultivable diazotrophs, i.e., cyanobacteria and heterotrophic bacteria, found in association with the endemic Mediterranean seagrass Posidonia oceanica . We tested different pH (from pH 4 to 8) and temperature levels (from 12 to 30 ºC), both under different nutrient levels of phosphorus, P (0.1 µM and 1.5 mM) and iron, Fe (2 nM and 1 µM). We also tested different CO 2 concentrations [410 and 1000 particles per million (ppm)] under different P/Fe and temperature levels (12, 18 and 24 ºC). We reveal the sensitivity of the diazotrophs tested to lower pH (pH < 7-8) and warmer temperatures (ºC > 12-24). Growth responses were dependent on their nutrient status, as was evidenced for the heterotrophic bacteria, which displayed a higher susceptibility to changes in pH, temperature, and CO 2 than the cyanobacterial species. High CO 2 levels (1000 ppm) decreased heterotrophic growth only when cultures were nutrient-limited, regardless of the temperature. On the other hand, cyanobacteria were insensitive to CO 2 increased levels, independently of the nutrient and temperature levels. Changes in N 2 -fixation were mainly controlled by changes in growth. Our findings show that diazotrophic responses against climate change factors can be dependent on their nutrient status and their mode of life.
Preoperative factors predicting the preservation of the posterior cruciate ligament in total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Liu Qiang , Wang Yi , Zhang Liyi , lin Jianhao , Zhou Diange 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Objective: We aimed to analyze the preoperative factors predicting the successful preservation of the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) in total knee arthroplasty (TKA).Methods: In this retrospective study, we analyzed TKAs consecutively performed by a single surgeon between January 2019 and August 2021 who had been preoperatively planned to undergo implantation of cruciate-retaining (CR) prostheses. The outcome was whether the PCL was retained successfully. When the PCLs were sacrificed, we used anterior-stabilized (AS) tibial bearings intraoperatively. We retrospectively obtained age, sex, body mass index (BMI), and preoperative diagnosis from the patients’ medical records. We measured the medial-lateral width of epicondyle (MLW), the medial posterior condyle height (MPCH), the lateral posterior condyle height (LPCH), the ratio of MLW and MPCH and the ratio of MLW and LPCH, the insall-salvati index, and the severity of the varus or valgus deformity using preoperative radiographs. We fitted univariate and multivariate logistic regression to assess the association of these factors with the successful retention of PCL. We also compared the size of the tibial and femoral components, the thickness of the polyethylene insert, and the replacement of the patella between the CR and AS groups using t tests or chi-square tests to examine the influence of sacrifice of the PCL on the surgical procedure.Results: Among 307 TKAs, 89 (29.0%) procedures sacrificed the PCL and converted to AS prostheses intraoperatively. Knees with rheumatoid arthritis (p<0.01), lower insall-salvati index (p<0.01), and more severe varus deformity (p=0.011) were at a higher risk of sacrificing the PCL intraoperatively. No significant differences in age, sex, BMI, MLW, MPCH, LPCH, ratio of MLW and MPCH, ratio of MLW and LPCH, size of the tibial and femoral components, or replacement of the patella were identified between the CR and AS groups. Converting from CR to AS was associated with a thicker polyethylene insert (p<0.01).Conclusion: Rheumatoid arthritis, lower insall-salvati index, and more severe varus deformity were associated with an increased risk of sacrificing the PCL in TKAs planned to undergo implantation CR prostheses. Converting to AS tibial bearing may result in a thicker polyethylen insert. These factors should be carefully considered for the appropriate selection of prosthesis type.
Protein Potential of Desmodesmus Asymmetricus Grown in Greenhouse as an Alternative Food Source for Aquaculture
Authors: Huaynate Alberto Isidoro Oscanoa , Cervantes Miguel , Flores Leenin , Ruiz Anthony 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
During ten months, batch culture of Desmodesmus asymmetricus microalgae was carried out under greenhouse conditions. The inoculation ratio was 1:1 inoculum-treated water. The cultures were maintained for 5 days with 12 h:12 h light:dark photoperiod and constant aeration mixed with CO2. The biomass was concentrated by centrifugation and dried by lyophilization; subsequently, total proteins and amino acid concentration were determined. A relationship between biomass production and seasonal variation was observed, the lowest dry biomass productivity was recorded in June (38.8 ± 1.0 mg L-1 day-1) and July (43.3 ± 0.1 mg L-1 day-1); while the highest values ​​were greater than 70 mg L-1 day-1. There was a high positive correlation between wet and dry biomass (r = 0.97, p < 0.001) with a mean conversion of 26%. The mean percentage of protein was 26.1 ± 2.6%, the highest percentage was registered in March (31.03 ± 1.48%) as well as the concentration of amino acids. Regarding amino acids, arginine obtained the highest concentration (4.08 ± 0.43 g 100 g-1), followed by aspartic acid (3.36 ± 0.23 g 100 g-1), while the lowest values were for methionine (0.55 ± 0.21 g 100 g-1), histidine (0.77 ± 0.07 g 100 g-1) and tyrosine (1.01 ± 0.17 g 100 g-1). Finally, according to the essential amino acid index (in fish ≥ 0.90, in crustaceans > 0.80), the biomass of D. asymmetricus has potential as a food supplement for the production of feed in aquaculture.
Joint Associations of Daily Sitting Time and Leisure-Time Physical Activity with Body Fat Distribution Among US Adults, NHANES 2011-2018
Authors: Liao Jingwen , Hu Min , Imm Kellie , Holmes Clifton , Cao Chao , Yang Lin 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: Prolonged sitting and reduced physical activity lead to low energy expenditures. However, little is known about the impact of daily sitting time jointly with physical activity on body fat distribution.Methods: We investigated the independent and joint associations of daily sitting time and physical activity with body fat distribution among through a cross-sectional analysis of US nationally representative data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011-2018 among adults aged 20 years or older. Daily sitting time and leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) were self-reported using the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire. Body fat distribution (total and trunk fat percentage) was determined via dual X-ray absorptiometry.Results: Among 10,808 adults (weighted population: 127,746,295; mean [SE] age, 39.4 [0.2] years; 5371 [49.7%] females), about 58.8% of adults spent ≥6h/d sitting; more than half reported no LTPA (inactive) or <150 minutes/week LTPA (insufficiently active) with only 40.6% reported ≥150 minutes/week LTPA (active) in the past week. After adjusting for sociodemographic and lifestyle factors, prolonged sitting time and low levels of LTPA were associated with higher total and trunk fat percentages in both sexes. In particular, sitting >8 h/d was associated with 2.03% (95% CI, 1.16 to 2.90) and 1.91% (95% CI, 1.11 to 2.70) increases in trunk fat in male and female adults, respectively, after accounting for LTPA. When stratifying by LTPA, the association between daily sitting time and body fat percentages appeared to be stronger in those who are inactive/insufficient active. In the joint analyses, inactive/insufficiently active adults who reported sitting >8 h/d had the highest total (male: 3.79% [95% CI, 2.75 to 4.82]; female: 3.99% [95%, 3.09 to 4.88]) and trunk body fat percentages (male: 4.07% [95% CI, 2.95 to 5.19]; female: 4.21% [95% CI, 3.09 to 5.32]) compared with those who were active and sitting <4 h/d.Conclusions: Prolonged daily sitting time was associated with increased body fat among US adults. The higher body fat associated with 6 h/d sitting may not be offset by achieving recommended levels of physical activity.
Clinicopathological and prognostic significance of Trophinin-associated protein expression and its relationship with P53 status in pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinoma: A retrospective multicenter study based on bioinformatic analysis
Authors: Zhang Xinke , Li Zizi , Lyu Shanshan , Lei Xianhua , Wang Suijing , Liu Jun , Luo Rongzhen , chen jiewei 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Trophinin-associated protein (TROAP) levels and P53 status have been used to predict the prognosis of various human tumors. However, the clinicopathological and prognostic significance of TROAP expression and P53 status in pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinoma (PSC) has not yet been elucidated. TROAP gene was selected as candidate by bioinformatics analysis based on TCGA and GEO database. We investigated TROAP and P53 expression in 168 cases of surgically resected PSC in three cancer centers using immunohistochemistry (IHC), and then analyzed the correlation between TROAP expression and various clinicopathological parameters, including P53 status and patient prognosis, using several statistical models. The results showed that lung cancer patients with high TROAP mRNA levels had worse prognosis by TCGA and GEO databases. The significant association between the high expression of TROAP, aberrant P53 expression, and adverse overall survival and disease-free survival (P < 0.05) was identified using univariate analysis. Multivariate analysis showed that TROAP expression in PSC acted as an independent prognostic factor for overall survival (P < 0.05). Risk stratified analysis demonstrated that patients in high risk group had the worst overall survival (P < 0.001) and disease-free survival (P = 0.006) compared with that in the other two groups, based on TROAP expression and P53 status. High TROAP expression might be important in conferring a more aggressive behavior in PSC. Thus, TROAP expression might be regarded as a novel independent prognostic biomarker for patients with PSC and for PSC harboring aberrant P53 expression.