bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of manual lymphatic drainage on postoperative recovery process following total knee arthroplasty
Authors: VERGİLİ Özge , CANBEYLİ İbrahim Deniz , ÖZSAR Barış Kemal , OKTAŞ Birhan , KESKİN Savaş 
Published: March 2022

Background: Knee joint has great importance on daily living activities thus gonarthrosis does affect quality of life of patients very dramatically. Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is accepted as gold standard in order to cope with pain, deformity and instability especially in patients with gonarthrosis who are in terminal stage. Physical therapy and rehabilitation programs are known to increase the success of this surgical procedure. As edema around knee joint is one of the major postoperative complications, which prolong recovery process, it is important to use therapeutic modalities against this problem.
Objective: In this study it was aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of manual lymphatic drainage (MLD) following TKA on edema, range of motion, pain, independence of daily living activities, gait distance and knee functionality.
Material and Method: 16 patients with TKA were divided into two groups while one of them is applied standard postoperative rehabilitation procedure (exercise therapy, cryotherapy and positioning) and the other group had MLD therapy on the second and fourth days of the postoperative process for thirty minutes and in one session during the day in addition to standard protocol. On post-op 2nd, 4th, and 6th days, the volumetric changes were calculated based on a formula of Sitzia et al. for each 4 cm segment of the lower extremity, active ROM and knee posture at rest were measured by a universal goniometer, pain by using visual analog scale (VAS), walking distance by calculating total walking distance in a day, independence level in daily living activities by using Functional independence measurement (FIM) scale. In addition, Lysholm knee score was calculated on postoperative 15th day in order to evaluate functionality of knee joint.
Results: At postoperative 2nd day, 4th day and 6th day, the mean of FIM (p=0.972, p=0.575, p=0.398, respectively), active ROM (p=0.288, p=0.522, p=0.622, respectively), knee posture (p=0.870, p=0.521, p=0.445, respectively), gait distance (p=1.000, p=0.258, p=0.113, respectively), volume of the operated lower extremity (p=0.451, p=0.384, p=0.268, respectively), VAS for pain daytime (p=0.192, p=0.488, p=0.506, respectively) and night (p=0.137, p=0.562, p=0.748, respectively) were similar in both MLD and non-MLD groups. The mean of Lysholm score was 46.25±24.50 in MLD group and 61.12±17.70 in non-MLD group (p=0.186).
Conclusion: Although there is no significant difference between groups, the effectiveness of MLD can be showed in studies which will be performed with a larger sample size.
Clinical spectrum and management outcome in gallbladder perforation-a sinister entity: Retrospective study from Sub-Himalayan region of India
Authors: Rajput Deepak , Gupta Amit , Kumar Shashank , Singla Tanuj , Srikanth Kandhala , Chennatt Jaine 
Published: March 2022

Objective: Gallbladder perforation is an infrequent entity seen among surgical patients. Rare occurrence owes to difficulty in diagnosing gallbladder perforations. The aim of the present study was to determine the optimal management strategy that may decrease the morbidity and mortality associated with this potentially life-threatening condition.
Material and Methods: This was a retrospective study from hospital health records wherein the experience of 40 consecutive patients with gallbladder rupture, either spontaneous or secondary to both benign conditions and malignancy, was noted at a tertiary care hospital over 48 months from February 2017 till January 2021. The etiology, clinical presentation, and treatment given were analysed.
Results: Out of 40 patients included, 23 were females and the majority of patients were more than 45 years of age. Twelve patients responded to intravenous antibiotics and analgesics alone while five required an ultrasound-guided pigtail catheter drainage due to non-improving clinical condition. The failure of expectant management led to a delayed laparotomy in seven patients while four patients required emergency laparotomy because of generalized peritonitis. An elective cholecystectomy was offered to 12 patients with cholecystoenteric fistulae after diagnostic laparoscopy in the same admission. Thirty-eight patients were discharged in stable condition and doing well at 30-day follow-up.
Conclusion: Gallbladder perforation is seen more commonly in acute calculous cholecystitis compared to other conditions. It is more evident when the treatment of acute calculous cholecystitis is delayed by more than 6-8 weeks. The spectrum of clinical presentation varies from mild pain and vomiting to generalized peritonitis. The patient often requires a step-up approach to control the ongoing sepsis for an improved outcome.
Seasonal effects on the mechanisms of burn injuries
Authors: Çomçalı Bülent , Ceylan Cengiz , Altun Özdemir Buket , Ocaklı Serhat , Pehlevan Özel Hikmet , Çınar Yastı Ahmet 
Published: March 2022

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate seasonal effects on the mechanisms of burn injuries in patients requiring hospitalization.
Material and Methods: A retrospective evaluation was made using the information of 419 hospitalized burns patients, including demographic data, degree and percentage of burn injury, cause and mechanism of burn injury, morbidity and mortality. Burn mechanisms were grouped as thermal burns (flame, boiling liquid, contact), chemical burns and electrical burns. When calculating the percentage of body surface area burned, the rule of nines was applied. Seasonal classification was made appropriate to the northern hemisphere.
Results: According to the seasons, the most burns were seen in spring months (n= 130, 31.0%). In the examination of the mechanism of burn injury, the most common type of injury was boiling liquid in 159 patients followed by flame injury in 146 patients. There was an increase in electrical and chemical burns in spring and summer. A statistically significant difference was determined between the types of burns according to the seasons (p= 0.024). The burn injury occurred as a result of a workplace accident in 82 cases, the majority of which were in autumn, and summer, and the difference in the seasons was determined to be statistically significant (p= 0.045). There was a statistically significant increase in the exposure of individuals aged >65 years to boiling liquid burns in winter and summer months (p= 0.014).
Conclusion: The results of this study showed a seasonal effect on the types of burn injuries. A higher rate of thermal burns was expected to be found in winter, but this was not the case in patients with indications for hospitalization, as chemical and electrical burns in workplace accidents were seen more frequently in warmer seasons of spring and summer. In this context, burns units should be prepared for patient profiles to vary according to the season.
Demographic factors associated with length of stay in hospital and histological diagnosis in adults undergoing appendicectomy
Authors: Bhanderi Shivam , Ain Quratul , Siddique Iram , Charalampakis Vasileios , Daskalakis Markos , Nijjar Rajwinder , Richardson Martin , Singhal Rishi 
Published: March 2022

Objective: Appendicectomy remains of the most common emergency operations in the United Kingdom. The exact etiologies of appendicitis remain unclear with only potential causes suggested in the literature. Social deprivation and ethnicity have both been demonstrated to influence outcomes following many operations. There are currently no studies evaluating their roles with regards to severity and outcomes following appendicectomy.
Material and Methods: Demographic data were retrieved from health records for adult patients who underwent appendicectomy between 2010-2016 within a single NHS trust. To measure social deprivation, Indices of Multiple Deprivation (IMD) rankings were used. Histology reports were reviewed and diagnosis classified into predefined categories: non-inflamed appendix, uncomplicated appendicitis, complicated appendicitis and gangrenous appendicitis.
Results: Three thousand four hundred and forty-four patients were identified. Mean age was 37.8 years (range 73 years). Using a generalized linear model, South Asian ethnicity specifically was found to be independently predictive of increased length of stay following appendicectomy (p< 0.001). Amongst South Asian patients, social deprivation was found to be further predictive of longer hospital stay (p= 0.005). Deprivation was found to be a predictor of complicated appendicitis but not of gangrenous appendicitis (p= 0.01). Male gender and age were also independent predictors of positive histology for appendicitis (p< 0.001 and p= 0.021 respectively).
Conclusion: This study is the first to report an independent association between South Asian ethnicity and increased length of stay for patients undergoing appendicectomy in a single NHS trust. The associations reported in this study may be a result of differences in the pathophysiology of acute appendicitis or represent inequalities in healthcare provision across ethnic and socioeconomic groups.
Modeling and Monitoring the Development of an Oil Field under Conditions of Mass Hydraulic Fracturing
Authors: Miel Hofmann , Hameed Al-Obaidi Sudad , Hussein Khalaf Falah 
Published: March 2022

In order to ensure the most complete recovery of hydrocarbons and to minimize costs in the production process, it is necessary to control the development of an oil field, even during production, through various geological and technological measures. In terms of the volume of additional oil extracted through the implementation of geological and technological measures, hydraulic fracturing (HF) operations occupy the top positions.
This paper describes a modified method for accounting for hydraulic fractures in a geological and technological model of a hydrocarbon field. The method makes it possible to perform all calculations related to the modeling of fractures in the pre-processing phase and to use its results as input data for the hydrodynamic simulator. An example of the calculation on a real development object is given. The analysis of the results showed the correctness of this method. The geological and hydrodynamic model provided a satisfactory reproduction of the development history for the oil field under study. The predicted flow rates and bottomhole pressures of the wells were close to the actual values. The error in annual oil and fluid rates is no greater than 3 %. The results of the calculations can serve as indirect confirmation of the hypothesis of spontaneous growth of hydraulic fracturing cracks in injection wells. In fact, by increasing the half-length of the hydraulic fractures in the injection wells in the model to 250 m, the discrepancy between the calculated and actual bottomhole pressures was reduced to fractions of a percent. The half-length of the fracture was 70 - 140 m and the half-opening was 1.2 - 2.5 mm. The average permeability of the proppant package in the crack is 220 d. The calculated skin factor for the design wells according to proposed model was −4.58.
HIGHLIGHTS

Various geological and technological measures are taken to control the development of an oil field, even during production
Enhancing oil recovery by accounting for hydraulic fractures in a geological and technological model of a hydrocarbon field
Evidence of spontaneous crack growth in injection wells of hydrocarbon fields in indirect confirmation of the hypothesis of hydraulic fracturing

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Effects of Ovariectomy and Dieting with Nano Calcium Phosphate on Bone Quality in White Rats Rattus norvegicus
Authors: Mulyaningsih Neng Nenden , Juwono Ariadne Lakshmidevi , Soejoko Djarwani Soeharso , Astuti Dewi Apri 
Published: March 2022

Calcium supplements are widely used to prevent osteopenia and osteoporosis and can be used as a treatment along with other drugs. The effect of this supplement can be seen from the improved bone quality. The focus in this study was to analyze the quality of femur bone based on the mineral maturity and the degree of crystallinity from ovariectomized Rattus norvegicus where the treatment of various nano calcium phosphate diets (1.0×; 1.5× and 2.0× normal needs, respectively called A, B and C diets) also given. In the amount of 40 white female rats age 12 weeks were ovariectomized and 5 sham rats were nurtured. The group of sham was given euthanasia treatment at age 13 weeks, while ovariectomized group was treated euthanasia at age 17 and 21 weeks. At the age of 25 weeks after ovariectomy, the rats were treated with a nano calcium phosphate diet where analysis was performed when they were 31 and 40 weeks old. In each harvest, proximal femur part was collected and characterized by using FTIR Spectroscopy. Rat bone quality shows osteoporosis trait for the first time at age 21 weeks or after 9 weeks of ovariectomy with the mineral maturity and degree of crystallinity decreased in the amount of 1.16 and 2.27 %, respectively compared to femur bone from sham rat group. The dietary treatment study conducted showed that the group of rats fed the A diet had not a significant changes (p < 0.05) in the mineral maturity and the degree of crystallinity, while giving B or C diet had a significant increase in the mineral maturity at 40 weeks of age or after 15 weeks on a diet. The increase in the degree of crystallinity of the rats fed B diet (6 weeks) was faster than the group fed C diet (15 weeks). Therefore, diet B is recommended because it is more efficient and effective based on the time it increases the degree of crystallinity and the cost of producing the diet.
HIGHLIGHTS

Ovariectomy is one of the treatments that can condition the bones of rats to have osteoporosis. One of the bone parts of rats that are often affected by osteoporosis is the femur
Bones of rats that have osteoporosis can be restored by giving a nano calcium phosphate diet
Parameters that can be analyzed regarding the decline and improvement of bone quality include mineral maturity and the degree of crystallinity. Assessment of these parameters can be done using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
THE VULNERABILITY OF BAJAU LAUT AS STATELESS PEOPLE IN SABAH
Authors: WAN HASSAN WAN SHAWALUDDIN , PETERS DIANA 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT The Bajau Laut, or Sea Bajau or also often referred to with the derogatory label Palauh by other communities, are known to be living within their ancestral domain of the Sulu and the Celebes Seas or the Sulu-Semporna-South Sulawesi Triangle. During the Pre-British period, their mobility around this region was well established as part of their civilization and was not an issue with other peoples in the land-based territories. However, the legal status of the Bajau Laut became problematic when citizenship and territories were formalized by the emergence of the nation-states of the Philippines, Malaysia and Indonesia. In the case of the Bajau Laut population located on the Malaysian side of Sabah, the dynamics of their own internal development has become more complicated. In Sabah there are three groups of Bajau: the West Coast Bajau, the various groups of East Coast Bajau, and the Bajau Laut who can be found along Sabah’s east coast, and around the islands off of Semporna. These three groups can be differentiated by their language and dialects, as well as livelihood, status in life, education, community structure and their general worldviews. The West Coast Bajau and the East Coast Bajau have slowly integrated themselves into the Malaysian society, while the Bajau Laut continues their semi-nomadic life at sea and are generally regarded as stateless by the Malaysian government. This paper looks into the changes that has occurred within the Bajau Laut group and how they are viewed by the Sabah government and society. One of the main finding of this paper is that the status of the Bajau Laut as stateless has made them more vulnerable and easily exploited. This in turn presents as a possible security problem to the state as these people pledges allegiance to no one.
INVESTIGAÇÕES ACERCA DA PEDAGOGIA DO ESPORTE NA ESCOLA
Authors: Rodrigues Aline Britto 
Published: March 2022

Essa pesquisa objetivou investigar a produção científica sobre a Pedagogia do Esporte em dissertações e teses produzidas em Programas de Pós-graduação no Brasil. Logo, o referencial teórico discorre sobre esse campo de conhecimento. É um estudo caracterizado como “estado da arte”, cuja busca ocorreu no portal da CAPES, no mês de fevereiro de 2020. Dentre os 84 trabalhos encontrados, 10 (13%) atenderam a prerrogativa do lócus de pesquisa. Oito deles corresponderam a dissertações (80%), e dois a teses (20%), ambas as modalidades defendidas entre os anos de 2006 e 2017. Oito trabalhos versam sobre o ensino de esportes, dentre esses, quatro delimitaram a modalidade, já os outros quatro estabeleceram uma abordagem de modo generalizado. Dois textos apresentaram temáticas relacionadas com os esportes, assim como a “mídia” e a “competição escolar”. Diante disto, considera-se imperativa a ampliação de pesquisas que estreitem a relação entre as novas tendências da Pedagogia do Esporte e a Educação Física Escolar.
Методичний інструментарій оцінювання рівня стабільності аграрних підприємств
Authors: Sumets Alexander , Kniaz Sviatoslav , Heorhiadi Nelli , Skrynkovskyy Ruslan , Matsuk Vasylyna 
Published: March 2022

Мета. Метою виконаного дослідження є розвиток методичного інструментарію оцінювання рівня стабільності аграрних підприємств на основі дослідження стохастичних рядів значень результуючих параметрів.
Методологія / методика / підхід. Під час виконаного дослідження застосовано метод моделювання стохастичних величин, зокрема, рівняння Ферхюльста для дослідження динаміки значень результуючого параметра відносно монотонно зростаючого ряду значень і різних значень коефіцієнта «скупчення щільності». Для прогнозування значень дисперсії результуючого параметра застосовано GARCH модель, а для визначення залежності стану підприємств від факторів внутрішнього та зовнішнього середовищ – застосовано регресійний аналіз.
Результати. Прийнято на основі досліджень попередників, що значення логістичної функції Ферхюльста імітують поведінку стохастичної величини, тому цю функцію можна використовувати для вимірювання точки переходу системи із стабільного стану в стан нестабільності. Доведено, що, враховуючи стохастичну та рефлексивну природу розвитку аграрних підприємств, прогнозування їхнього стану доцільно здійснювати на основі порівняння дисперсій значень результативного параметра. Аргументовано, що застосування функції зміни степеневих коефіцієнтів дозволяє отримати найбільш повну інформацію про вплив суб’єктивних факторів внутрішнього середовища аграрних підприємств на їхній стан.
Оригінальність / наукова новизна. Розвинуто методичний інструментарій оцінювання рівня стабільності аграрних підприємств, який базується на застосуванні рівняння Ферхюльста для дослідження динаміки значень результуючого параметра відносно монотонно зростаючого ряду значень і різних значень коефіцієнта «скупчення щільності», і, на відміну від наявних, дозволяє ідентифікувати точку біфуркації та встановити залежність результуючого параметра від факторів внутрішнього та зовнішнього середовищ аграрного підприємства.
Практична цінність / значущість. Практична цінність розвинутого методичного інструментарію полягає в можливості його застосування керівниками аграрних підприємств для прогнозування їхнього стану із урахуванням впливу факторів внутрішнього та зовнішнього середовищ. Ураховуючи те, що прогнозування зводиться до одного результуючого параметра, то запропонований інструментарій є простим до застосування. Його доцільно використовувати для обґрунтування прийняття регулювальних рішень, зокрема, під час адаптивного управління та раціоналізації процесів управління персоналом й інтелектуальним потенціалом працівників.
Julius Eastman: The Sonority of Blackness Otherwise
Authors: Jean-Francois Isaac 
Published: March 2022

This paper analyzes the life and work of Julius Eastman (1940–1990), namely his 1980 Northwestern Concert Series and Grammy-nominated Eight Songs for A Mad King (1973) alongside anti-black state violence in the United States as sites of black sonority made legible through and against, what Christina Sharpe calls, “the wake” of chattel slavery (2016). The mouth, stifled breath, and voice, I have argued, all persist through the reiterative scene of state-sanctioned violence against black and brown people. I am interested in the historicized phenomenology of sounds produced in radically different scenes of performance and murder. That is, the history of black and brown folx in America is, in part, produced out of, “[t]he ‘very dangerous evil’ of slavery and the ‘agonizing groans of suffering humanity’ [that] had been made music” (Saidiya Hartman 1997, 17). The paper departs from the scene of black sonority processed under duress to query: what are the effects of racialized aesthetic production, as evident in the Eastman’s musical groan or shriek that is eerily similar to the foreclosure of black breath, that emerge at the impasse between virtuosic sound and historicized dispossession? I offer an alternative reading of sound production by way of what Ashon T. Crawley who crafts a hermeneutics of the sound of blackness offers a consideration of black sound making “otherwise.” The breath of black and brown folx that persists in spite of antiblackness must flow into putatively apolitical disciplines like Musicology in an effort to render (il)legible life sonorous otherwise.
The Price Tag of "Pay-for-Delay"
Authors: Feldman Robin 
Published: March 2022

In a landmark decision nearly a decade ago, the U.S. Supreme Court opened the door for antitrust suits against brand and generic pharmaceutical companies who engage in collusive settlements to delay the time for the generic to come to market. With these “pay-for-delay” agreements, brand-name companies offer prospective generics some form of compensation in exchange for the generic’s promise not to enter the market until an agreed-upon date. Laying the groundwork for the lawsuit that would eventually lead to the Actavis decision, the Federal Trade Commission (“FTC”) published a study estimating that pay-for-delay agreements cost American consumers $3.5 billion annually, a figure that has been cited repeatedly by scholars and policymakers alike.
To understand the state of pay-for-delay agreements, this Article presents an in-depth examination of the burden that pay-for-delay imposes, both on society at large and on individual patients, and explores the modern legal landscape that has emerged since the Supreme Court’s historic pronouncement. Part I describes pay- for-delay agreements, exploring the literature on the potential harm of such agreements among pharmaceutical competitors. Part II presents a new analysis demonstrating that the cost of pay-for-delay to American consumers is far greater than anyone has recognized, and well beyond the $3.5 billion figure cited by the FTC in 2010. We applied six different methodologies to provide as fair and broad a view as possible. The range of methodologies show that at a minimum, the cost of pay-for-delay settlements on the U.S. population between 2006 and 2017 is $6.2 billion per year—almost double that of the FTC’s estimate. The methodology with the largest result suggests that the cost could be as high as $37.1 billion per year— ten times higher. Part III argues that courts are allowing this costly problem to flourish unchecked. This part reviews pay-for-delay decisions since Actavis, arguing that the courts have failed to properly analyze such cases from the perspective of all three notions inherent in the words “pay,” “for,” and “delay.” Finally, Part IV offers a path forward through the doctrinal haze.