bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fatty acid desaturase 2 affects the milk‐production traits in Chinese Holsteins
Authors: Fu Yihan , Jia Ruike , Xu Lingna , Su Dingran , Li Yanhua , Liu Lin , Ma Zhu , Sun Dongxiao , Han Bo 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAs a member of the fatty acid desaturase family, fatty acid desaturase 2 (FADS2) gene is a rate‐limiting enzyme in the synthesis of unsaturated fatty acids and within/near to the reported QTL regions for milk‐production traits. We previously found that FADS2 is differentially expressed during different lactations of Chinese Holstein cows, and participates in lipid metabolic processes by influencing the insulin, PI3K‐Akt, MAPK, AMPK, mTOR and PPAR signaling pathways. Therefore, we considered this gene as a candidate gene for milk‐production traits. In this study, we identified 12 SNPs in FADS2 by re‐sequencing, including two SNPs in the 5′ flanking region, one in the seventh exon, five in introns, two in the 3′ untranslated region and two in the 3′ flanking region. The 29:g.40378819C>T is a missense mutation that causes alanine (GCG) to be replaced with valine (GTG). Through single marker association analysis, we found that all of the 12 SNPs were significantly associated with 305 day milk yield, fat yield, fat percentage, protein yield or protein percentage (p < 0.0493). The results of the subsequent haplotype association analysis also confirmed the associations between the gene and milk‐production traits. In summary, this study suggests that there is a significant genetic association between FADS2 and milk‐production traits, and that the SNPs with significant genetic effects can provide important molecular information for the development of a genomic selection chip in dairy cattle.
A step towards better audit: The Robson Ten Group classification system for outcomes other than cesarean section
Authors: Savchenko Julia , Ladfors Lars , Hjertberg Linda , Hildebrand Eric , Brismar Wendel Sophia 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIntroductionThe Robson Ten Group Classification System is widely used for the audit of cesarean section (CS) rates. However, CS rate alone is a poor quality indicator and should be balanced with other obstetric endpoints. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether Swedish national data on obstetric outcomes other than CS, stratified by the Robson classification, could be analyzed in a useful way.Material and methodsAll births in Sweden from 2017 through 2020 recorded in the nationwide Swedish Pregnancy Register were categorized using the Robson classification with subdivision of some groups. Five outcomes were explored: CS, operative vaginal delivery, postpartum hemorrhage, obstetric anal sphincter injury (OASIS) and Apgar score <7 at 5 minuteutes. Rates of each outcome and contribution of each group to the total outcome rate were calculated.ResultsThe largest Robson groups were nulliparous and multiparous women with single‐term cephalic pregnancies, unscarred uterus and spontaneous labor. Intrapartum CS rates were highest for multiple pregnancies, women with induced labor after previous CS, and nulliparous women with induced labor. Nulliparous women and multiparous women with a previous CS with attempted vaginal birth had the highest operative vaginal delivery and OASIS rates. The postpartum hemorrhage rate was highest for multiple pregnancies and transverse lie, followed by prelabor CS in nulliparous and multiparous women with single‐term cephalic pregnancies and unscarred uterus. The highest rates of Apgar score <7 at 5 minute were observed in preterm deliveries, multiple pregnancies, transverse lie and breech presentation. The largest contribution to the total CS rate was made by women with previous CS delivered by prelabor CS, and nulliparous women with induced or spontaneous labor. The largest contribution to all other outcomes was made by nulliparous women with spontaneous or induced labor and, notably, multiparous women with spontaneous labor and unscarred uterus.ConclusionsThe Robson classification provides a useful framework for analyzing CS rates along with rates of operative vaginal delivery, OASIS, postpartum hemorrhage and low Apgar score. Parallel interpretation of several outcomes allows a systematic and multidimensional audit, helpful for families and healthcare professionals, and can be used for comparisons, assessment of trends and subpopulations.
Combined laparoscopic and thoracoscopic approaches for Bochdalek hernia with hernia sac in an 8‐years‐old boy: Case report
Authors: Tanaka Keiichiro , Mikami Takafumi , Kato Haruki , Okazaki Tadaharu 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBochdalek hernia (BH) is characterized by a defect of the posterolateral diaphragm and intrathoracic herniation of abdominal organs. The laparoscopic or thoracoscopic approach has recently become the surgical standard. However, studies on combined approaches are limited. An 8‐year‐old boy diagnosed with left BH was treated using a combined laparoscopic and thoracoscopic approach. On laparoscopy, BH with hernia sac was identified. Spleen, pancreas tail, kidney, and transverse colon had herniated into the left thoracic cavity. After the adhesion between transverse colon and hernia sac was dissected, all abdominal organs were restored to the abdominal cavity. On thoracoscopy, an 8 × 8 cm hernia orifice defect was identified and closed by suture. The postoperative course was uneventful, with no recurrence. A combined laparoscopic and thoracoscopic approach is safe and effective with a good field of view for left BH with hernia sac in children. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case with left BH reporting the use of both approaches in a child without conversion.
Business and society in the age of COVID‐19: Introduction to the special issue
Authors: Kurland Nancy B. , Baucus Melissa , Steckler Erica 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis article introduces the eight articles and three invited essays that comprise the special issue: Business and Society in the Age of COVID‐19. In doing so, it also surveys COVID‐19‐related research in the Business & Society field, revealing five themes.
Are patients living far from hospital at higher risk of late adjuvant chemotherapy for colon cancer?
Authors: Vermeulin Thomas , Lahbib Hana , Lucas Mélodie , Czernichow Pierre , Jusot Florence , Di Fiore Frédéric , Merle Véronique 
Published: March 2022

AimsLate adjuvant chemotherapy (aCT) administration after colectomy (>56 d) is known to be associated with impaired prognosis. We aim to identify risk factors associated with late aCT, especially the travel time between patients' home and hospital.MethodsWe performed a retrospective monocentre cohort study. Patients included had a colectomy for a stage III or high risk stage II colon cancer between 2009 and 2015 performed at a French university hospital. Risk factors for late aCT were identified using a fractional polynomial logistic regression.ResultsNinety‐four patients were included. The risk of late aCT was associated with travel time length, emergent colectomy, the need for scheduled care before aCT, and length of time between colectomy and postoperative multidisciplinary meeting advising aCT.ConclusionOur study suggests that, in patients with colon cancer, factors unrelated to disease severity and complexity could be associated with a higher risk of late aCT.
Therapeutic drug monitoring of thiopurines: Effect of reduced 6‐thioguanine nucleotide target levels in inflammatory bowel disease patients
Authors: Boekema Monique , Horjus – Talabur Horje Carmen S. , Roosenboom Britt , Roovers Lian , van Luin Matthijs 
Published: March 2022

AimsThe effect of the Dutch nationwide adjustment of reducing 6‐thioguanine nucleotide (6‐TGN) target values (from 600–1200 to 320–630 pmol/8 × 108 red blood cells [RBC]) on toxicity and clinical outcome of thiopurine treatment in patients with inflammatory bowel disease has not yet been established. Therefore, the authors determined the incidence of toxicity‐induced discontinuations and efficacy at both target concentrations.MethodsThis retrospective study was performed in inflammatory bowel disease patients treated with azathioprine or mercaptopurine. Two groups were defined: the former target (FT) group with target concentrations of 600–1200 pmol/8 × 108 RBC and the adjusted target (AT) group with target concentrations of 320–630 pmol/8 × 108 RBC. Patients were followed for maximum 52 weeks or until discontinuation of thiopurine therapy. Data were collected from the local hospital electronic health software of Rijnstate Hospital.ResultsIn total, 151 patients were included, 76 in the FT group and 75 in the AT group. At week 52, 100 out of 151 patients (66%) of the total population discontinued thiopurine therapy. Forty‐eight of the discontinuations were due toxicity (48%). The incidence of toxicity induced discontinuations was 35% in the AT group vs. 47% in the FT group (P = .25). No loss of efficacy was seen in the AT group.ConclusionAfter reduction of the target range, there was a trend towards fewer toxicity‐induced discontinuations, albeit not statistically significant. In addition, this study did not find any indication that the reduction of the target range diminished efficacy.
GNAQ T96S mutation abrogates the ability of wild‐type GNAQ to induce apoptosis by phosphorylating annexin A2 in natural killer/T cell lymphoma
Authors: Zhao Wugan , Zhang Min , Wang Guannan , Liu Enjie , Jiang Guozhong , Zhang Yanping , Zhang Dandan , Jian Xiangyu , Zhao Haiyu , Zhang Chongli , Li Wencai 
Published: March 2022

AbstractOur previous study identified annexin A2 (ANXA2) as a Gaq‐interacting partner in natural killer/T cell lymphoma (NKTCL) cells transfected with the GNAQ T96S mutation vector by immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry; however, the detailed molecular mechanisms by which GNAQ T96S might regulate ANXA2 remain to be defined in NKTCL. Herein, we found that the GNAQ T96S mutation significantly promotes the phosphorylation of ANXA2 at the Y24 site, whereas phosphorylation of ANXA2 abolishes the ability of WT GNAQ to trigger cell apoptosis. Further investigation revealed that a GNAQ T96S peptide inhibitor induced apoptosis by competing with ANXA2 binding to GNAQ T96S in NKTCL cells. In vivo animal experiments showed that a GNAQ T96S peptide inhibitor suppresses the growth of NKTCL cells carrying the GNAQ T96S mutation. Our current data suggest a role for GNAQ T96S/Src/ANXA2 in mediating the apoptosis of NKTCL cells, and the GNAQ T96S peptide could be a promising agent for therapy in NKTCL patients.
Perioperative circulating tumor DNA enables the identification of patients with poor prognosis in upper tract urothelial carcinoma
Authors: Nakano Kosuke , Koh Yoko , Yamamichi Gaku , Yumiba Satoru , Tomiyama Eisuke , Matsushita Makoto , Hayashi Yujiro , Wang Cong , Ishizuya Yu , Yamamoto Yoshiyuki , Kato Taigo , Hatano Koji , Kawashima Atsunari , Ujike Takeshi , Fujita Kazutoshi , Kiyotani Kazuma , Katayama Kotoe , Yamaguchi Rui , Imoto Seiya , Imamura Ryoichi , Nonomura Norio , Uemura Motohide 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPerioperative systemic chemotherapy improves the prognosis of upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC). The first objective of this study was to verify whether perioperative circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) analysis using a pan‐cancer gene panel and next‐generation sequencing could identify patients with poor prognosis who require perioperative chemotherapy. Second, we investigated whether ctDNA is useful for minimal residual disease (MRD) detection and treatment monitoring in UTUC. This study included 50 patients with untreated UTUC, including 43 cases of localized UTUC. We performed targeted ultradeep sequencing of plasma cell‐free DNA (cfDNA) and buffy coat DNA and whole‐exome sequencing of cancer tissues, allowing exclusion of possible false positives. We attempted to stratify the prognosis according to the perioperative ctDNA levels in patients with localized UTUC. In patients with metastatic UTUC, ctDNA was evaluated before, during, and after systemic treatment. In total, 23 (46%) of 50 patients with untreated UTUC were ctDNA positive, and 17 (40%) of 43 patients with localized UTUC were ctDNA positive. Of the detected TP53 mutations, 19% were false positives due to clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential. Among preoperative risk factors, only the preoperative ctDNA fraction>2% was a significant and independent risk factor associated with worse recurrence‐free survival (RFS). Furthermore, the existence of ctDNA early points after the operation was significantly associated with worse RFS, suggesting the presence of MRD. ctDNA also showed a potential as a real‐time marker for systemic therapy in patients with metastatic UTUC. Detection of ctDNA may indicate potential metastasis and guide decisions on perioperative chemotherapy.
Characterization of patients with occupational allergy to two new epoxy hardener compounds
Authors: Suomela Sari , Pesonen Maria , Ylinen Katriina , Aalto‐Korte Kristiina , Suuronen Katri 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe practical importance of two recently described epoxy hardener allergens—1,3‐benzenedimethanamine, N‐(2‐phenylethyl) derivatives (1,3‐BDMA‐D) and hydrogenated formaldehyde benzenamine polymer (FBAP)—as occupational allergens remains to be defined.ObjectivesTo describe patients diagnosed at the Finnish Institute of Occupational Health (FIOH) with positive reactions to 1,3‐BDMA‐D or FBAP.MethodsWe searched FIOH's patch‐test files from January 2017 to December 2020 for patients examined due to suspected occupational contact allergy to epoxy compounds. We analyzed the patch‐test results and sources of exposure to various epoxy hardeners and focused on occupations, symptoms, and the sources of exposure to 1,3‐BDMA‐D and FBAP.ResultsDuring the study period, 102 patients were examined at FIOH for suspected occupational contact allergy to epoxy compounds. Of these, 19 (19%) were diagnosed with contact allergy to 1,3‐BDMA‐D (n = 10) or FBAP (n = 12). The largest occupational group was sewage pipe reliners (n = 8). Seven different hardener products contained FBAP, whereas 1,3‐BDMA‐D was present in only one hardener used by spray painters.ConclusionsA substantial number of patients with suspected occupational epoxy resin system allergy tested positive to in‐house test substances of 1,3‐BDMA‐D and/or FBAP.
Stakeholder mapping as a transdisciplinary exercise for jaguar conservation in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest
Authors: Sandroni Laila Thomaz , de Barros Ferraz Katia Maria Paschoaletto Micchi , Marchini Silvio , Percequillo Alexandre , Coates Robert , Paolino Roberta Montanheiro , Barros Yara , Landis Mariana , Ribeiro Yuri Geraldo Gomes , Munhoes Leticia Prado 
Published: March 2022

AbstractTransdisciplinary projects are fundamental to a more effective and just conservation, but their application and coherent framing present challenges, since their nature is to bring together different epistemological backgrounds and world views. This paper identifies the possibilities offered by stakeholder mapping as a tool for generating common understandings in transdisciplinary conservation research projects. Lessons are drawn from experiential learning through the case of jaguar conservation in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest (BAF). Stakeholder mapping proved to be an essential diagnostic tool that generated an overview of the material context of human–jaguar interactions in the BAF to stakeholders engaged in the project. The process and overview drew attention to gaps in stakeholder knowledge that need to be addressed to enhance conviviality between humans and jaguars in fragmented landscapes. Recognizing these knowledge gaps assists in the production of methodologies that can effectively encompass different social groups, and increase all parties' perceptions of the legitimacy of conservation activities. We argue that, due to its collective nature, stakeholder mapping can foster mutual learning and deeper communication in the context of divergent framings of complex nature conservation problems, such as in jaguar conservation.
Which preoperative assessment modalities best identify patients who are suitable for enhanced recovery after liver transplantation? A systematic review of the literature and expert panel recommendations
Authors: Crespo Gonzalo , Hessheimer Amelia J. , Armstrong Matthew J , Berzigotti Annalisa , Monbaliu Diethard , Spiro Michael , Raptis Dimitri Aristotle , Lai Jennifer C. ,   the ERAS4OLT.org Working Group
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundTo implement Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocols for liver transplant (LT) candidates, it is essential to identify tools that can help risk stratify patients by their risk of early adverse post‐LT outcomes.ObjectiveWe aimed to identify pre‐LT tools that assess functional capacity, frailty, and muscle mass that can best risk stratify patients by their risk of adverse post‐LT outcomes.MethodsWe first conducted a systematic review following PRISMA guidelines, expert panel review and recommendations using the GRADE approach (PROSPERO ID CRD42021237434). After confirming there are no studies evaluating assessment modalities for ERAS protocols for LT recipients specifically, the approach of the review focused on pre‐LT modalities that identify LT recipients at higher risk of worse early post‐LT outcomes (≤90 days), considering that this is particularly pertinent when evaluating candidates for ERAS.ResultsTwenty‐two studies were included in the review, encompassing three different types of pre‐LT modalities: evaluation of physical function (including frailty and general physical scores like the Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS), assessment of cardiopulmonary capacity, and estimation of muscle mass and composition. The majority of studies evaluated frailty assessment and muscle mass. Most studies, except for liver frailty index (LFI), were retrospective and single‐center. All assessment modalities could identify, in different grade, LT recipients with higher risk of early post‐LT mortality, length of stay or postoperative complications.ConclusionsWe identified four pre‐LT assessment tools that could be used to identify patients who are suitable for ERAS protocols: (1) KPS (quality of evidence moderate, grade of recommendation strong); (2) LFI (quality of evidence moderate, grade of recommendation strong); (3) abdominal muscle mass by CT (quality of evidence moderate, grade of recommendation strong); and (4) cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) (quality of evidence moderate, grade of recommendation weak). We recommend that selection of the appropriate tool depends on the specific clinical setting and available resources to administer the tool, and that use of a tool be incorporated into the routine preoperative assessment when considering implementation of ERAS protocols for LT.
Increased intrarenal post‐glomerular blood flow is a key condition for the development of calcineurin inhibitor‐induced renal tubular acidosis in kidney transplant recipients
Authors: Kaneko Shuzo , Usui Joichi , Takahashi Kazuhiro , Oda Tatsuya , Yamagata Kunihiro 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackground: Hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis (HCMA) from renal tubular acidosis (RTA) is common in kidney transplant (KT) recipients. Calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs) are a potential cause of RTA, and whether HCMA is a determinant of poor graft prognosis is controversial.Methods: The subjects were living‐donor KT recipients (LDKTRs,n = 47) and matched donors (n = 43). All cases of rejection, extrarenal causes, and respiratory disorders were excluded. HCMA was defined as having a [Na+]–[Cl−] value of ≤34 or starting alkalization. We determined the potential causes of HCMA in LDKTRs at 3 months (m) and 1 year (y) post‐KT. We examined renal hemodynamic parameters in 26 LDKTRs at 1 y post‐KT: namely, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), renal plasma flow (RPF), filtration fraction (FF; GFR/RPF) and pre‐/post‐glomerular vascular resistance (pre‐/postVR).Results: The HCMA incidence in the 3‐m post‐KT LDKTR group was higher than that of the donors (51.0% vs. 6.9%,p < 0.001, adjusted odds ratio: 6.7–15.7). Among adjusted factors, the most dominant HCMA contributor was low hemoglobin concentration (Hb ≤ 12 g/dl). Compared to non‐HCMA cases, HCMA patients had low FF and low post‐VR (p = 0.008, 0.003, respectively) suggesting increased intrarenal post‐glomerular blood flow. The high pathological score of alternative arteriolar hyalinosis (aah) ≥2 was a significant HCMA risk. The tacrolimus trough level was not high in HCMA but was significantly high in HCMA in the low post‐VR setting (p = 0.002).Conclusion: Among LDKTRs, low hemoglobin level is an important contributor to the manifestation of HCMA in the induction period, and increased intrarenal post‐glomerular blood flow is a key condition for the development of CNI‐induced RTA.
Pharmacokinetic drug interactions of asciminib with the sensitive cytochrome P450 probe substrates midazolam, warfarin, and repaglinide in healthy participants
Authors: Hoch Matthias , Sengupta Tirtha , Hourcade‐Potelleret Florence 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAsciminib, a first‐in‐class BCR‐ABL1 inhibitor that works by Specifically Targeting the ABL Myristoyl Pocket (STAMP), is a new treatment option for patients with chronic myeloid leukemia who no longer benefit from currently approved tyrosine kinase inhibitors. In vitro, asciminib reversibly inhibits cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4/5, CYP2C9, and CYP2C8. This phase I, open‐label, two‐stage study in healthy participants evaluated the effect of asciminib (40 mg b.i.d. at steady‐state) as a potential perpetrator on single‐dose pharmacokinetics of a two‐drug cocktail containing midazolam (CYP3A substrate) and warfarin (CYP2C9 substrate) in stage 1 (n = 22), and of repaglinide (CYP2C8 substrate) in stage 2 (n = 25). For midazolam plus asciminib versus midazolam, geometric mean (Gmean) ratios (90% confidence interval) for midazolam area under the curve from zero to infinity (AUCinf) and maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) were 1.28 (1.15, 1.43) and 1.11 (0.96, 1.28), respectively. For warfarin plus asciminib versus warfarin, Gmean ratios for S‐warfarin AUCinf and Cmax were 1.41 (1.37, 1.45) and 1.08 (1.04, 1.13), respectively. Results for R‐warfarin were in line with those for S‐warfarin. For repaglinide plus asciminib versus repaglinide, Gmean ratios for AUCinf and Cmax were 1.08 (1.02, 1.14) and 1.14 (1.01, 1.28), respectively. The treatments were generally well tolerated, and the asciminib safety profile was consistent with previous studies of asciminib in the absence of probe substrates. Overall, the results indicate that asciminib (40 mg b.i.d.) is a weak inhibitor of CYP3A and CYP2C9 and has no meaningful effect on CYP2C8.