bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of heat‐treating methods on components, instrumental evaluation of color and taste, and antioxidant properties of sea buckthorn pulp flavonoids
Authors: Liu Ran , Yang Yunning , Zhao Menghan , Wang Yanqun , Meng Xianjun , Yan Tingcai , Ho Chi‐Tang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSea buckthorn has strong physiological activities, which might be attributed to its flavonoid compounds. The heat treatment could speed up the transformation of the flavonoids, so it would affect the properties of the flavonoids. To explore the effect of the heat‐treating methods on the sea buckthorn pulp flavonoids, the flavonoid compositions, color and taste properties, and antioxidant activity, prepared by three heating methods, were investigated. The results showed that the extractable sea buckthorn flavonoids rose after heat treatment; the high temperature with high‐pressure treatment had the largest yield (3.66 ± 0.21 mg/ml). A total of 16 flavonoid monomers were identified in the sea buckthorn, the content of isorhamnetin‐3‐O‐rutinoside was the highest in the pulp (589.34 ± 4.72 µg/ml), the concentrations of eight monomers increased after heat‐treating, and the treating methods could significantly affect the contents of flavonoid monomers (p < 0.05). The difference in color was positively correlated to the heat‐treating time and temperature (p < 0.01); the ΔE value in high pressure with high temperature treatment was the largest (10.59). The heat treatment enhanced bitterness and acidity, while it greatly reduced the saltiness, umami, and sweetness (p < 0.01). The stronger antioxidant capacity of the total flavonoids was accompanied by the higher temperature and longer time of heat treatment. The antioxidant capacity was closely correlated to the contents of flavonoid monomers. Therefore, the heat treatment boosted the content of the flavonoids, enhanced the taste, and improved the antioxidant properties.Practical ApplicationThis study can provide suitable a method for improving the extracting efficiency, improving properties and biological activities of sea buckthorn pulp flavonoids, also provide directions for predicting the antioxidant activity by the flavonoid monomer contents.
On the informed principal model with common values
Authors: Dosis Anastasios 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn the informed principal model with common values, I provide conditions that allow for the characterization of the set of equilibria of the game in which the principal makes a take‐it‐or‐leave‐it offer of a mechanism to the agent. I further examine if and when restriction to direct revelation mechanisms is without loss of generality. Last, I provide clear guidelines for solving economic applications, such as insurance, procurement, security design, and bilateral trading, of the informed principal model. The results are compared with and shown to significantly differ from those obtained in Maskin and Tirole (1992).
Assessing cognitive presence in online inquiry‐based discussion through text classification and epistemic network analysis
Authors: Ba Shen , Hu Xiao , Stein David , Liu Qingtang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractProviding coaching to participants in inquiry‐based online discussions contributes to developing cognitive presence (CP) and higher‐order thinking. However, a primary issue limiting quality and timely coaching is instructors' lack of tools to efficiently identify CP phases in massive discussion transcripts and effectively assess learners' cognitive development. This study examined a computational approach integrating text mining and co‐occurrence analysis for assessing CP and cognitive development in online discussions based on the community of inquiry (CoI) framework. First, text classifiers trained on different language models were evaluated for identifying and coding the CP phases. Second, epistemic network analysis (ENA) was employed to model cognitive patterns reflected by co‐occurrences between the coding elements. Results indicated that text classifiers trained on the state‐of‐the‐art language model Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) can address the efficiency issue in coding CP phases in discussion transcripts and obtain substantial agreements (Cohen's k = 0.76) with humans, which outperformed other baseline classifiers. Furthermore, compared to traditional quantitative content analysis, ENA can effectively model the temporal characteristics of online discourse and detect fine‐grained cognitive patterns. Overall, the findings suggest a feasible path for applying learning analytics to tracking learning progression and informing theory‐based assessments.
Practitioner notesWhat is already known about this topic

Cognitive presence is an important construct describing the progression of thinking in online inquiry‐based discussions.
Most studies used self‐report instruments or quantitative content analysis to measure and assess cognitive presence.
More efficient and effective approaches were needed by instructors to support assessment of cognitive development and determine coaching strategies.
What this paper adds

An integrated computational approach for the developmental and formative assessment of cognitive presence was proposed and evaluated.
A BERT‐based text classification model could efficiently code massive transcripts and achieve substantial agreements with human coders.
Epistemic network analysis effectively revealed the process of cognitive development and identified representative discussion patterns and behaviours.
Implications for practice and/or policy

The proposed approach can considerably reduce the pressure on instructors, enabling them to focus on quality coaching and feedback.
Compared to frequencies of individual codes, the connective features between codes carry more insights for assessing cognitive patterns.
Learners in a discussion group play different roles and produce diverse paths of cognitive development.
Platelet activation and mitophagy induction by thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) is associated with thrombosis in Kawasaki disease
Authors: Kapur Rick 
Published: November 2022

Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute vasculitis of early childhood with unknown cause, which can be complicated by coronary artery lesions resulting in thrombosis. Fu and coworkers identify thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) to be increased in KD patients with thrombosis. They demonstrate that TSLP can activate platelets, induce mitophagy and trigger thrombus formation in vitro, suggesting that TSLP may have potential as a therapeutic target against KD‐associated thrombosis.Commentary on: Fu L, et al. TSLP induces platelet mitophagy and promotes thrombosis in Kawasaki disease. Br J Haematol. 2023; 200:776–791.
Beyond experiential spending: Consumers report higher well‐being from purchases that satisfy intrinsic goals
Authors: Moldes Olaya 
Published: November 2022

AbstractConsumption is thought to be a goal‐directed behaviour often marketed as a source of happiness. However, it has yet to be tested whether we associate greater happiness with purchases that help us move towards our goals—goal satisfaction mechanism—or whether spending behaviours that help us primarily to attain intrinsic goals—such as affiliation or self‐growth—are linked to higher well‐being as self‐determination theory would predict. Across two studies, intrinsic goal satisfaction was associated with greater well‐being, rather than the purchase helping the consumer to satisfy their goals. Moreover, intrinsic goal satisfaction predicted significantly more variance in well‐being (13%–16%) than the material‐experiential purchase typology (2%–5%) used in past research. Finally, higher dispositional extrinsic goals predicted both extrinsic and intrinsic goal satisfaction through consumption suggesting that materialistic individuals might use consumption as a strategy to seek the attainment of intrinsic goals. These findings suggest that future research should shift the focus from the purchase (what is bought) to the consumer (who is spending money and why) when looking at the links between spending money and happiness. Finally, this report hints that future interventions aiming to reduce excessive consumption should explore lessening people's extrinsic goals.
Having the right face for the job: The effect of facial width‐to‐height ratio on job selection preferences
Authors: Deska Jason C. , Hingston Sean T. , Lundin Madeline , Hugenberg Kurt 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPrior research has found that various job candidate characteristics can influence hiring decisions. The current work used experimental methods to test how a novel, appearance‐based cue known as a facial width‐to‐height ratio (fWHR) can bias hiring preferences. A first study provides evidence for our initial hypothesis: people believed high fWHR candidates would be a better fit for blue‐collar jobs compared with low fWHR candidates, who were in turn favoured for white‐collar jobs. A second study replicates this initial finding and extends it by demonstrating that the effect of fWHR‐derived trait inferences of strength and intelligence on hireability predictably varies by job type. Finally, in a third study, we find that this bias reverses when traditional stereotypes of blue‐collar and white‐collar jobs requiring physicality and intellect are subverted, finding that perceptions of the fit between face type and presumed job requirements matter most for hiring preferences. Together, these findings demonstrate how a seemingly subtle appearance‐based cue can have robust implications for hiring.
Genetic screening in patients with ovarian dysfunction
Authors: Zeng Yang , Li Lin , Li Qingchun , Hu Jijun , Zhang Nana , Wu Ling , Yan Zheng , Qu Ronggui , Dong Jie , Liu Ruyi , Choy Kwong Wai , Wang Lei , Sang Qing , Guan Yichun , Chen Biaobang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractOvarian dysfunction, including premature ovarian insufficiency and decreased ovarian reserve, affects the ovarian reserve and is one of the leading causes of female infertility. More and more cases of ovarian dysfunction are associated with genetic factors. Here, we identified eight potential variants in five genes (MSH4, HFM1, SYCE1, FSHR, and C14orf39) from six independent families by exome sequencing. The splice‐site variants in SYCE1 and MSH4 affected canonical splicing isoforms, leading to missing protein domains or premature termination. Our findings expand the mutational spectrum of ovarian dysfunction and provide potential biomarkers for future genetic counseling and for more personalized treatments. Exome sequencing was shown to be a useful tool to better dissect the genetic basis for ovarian dysfunction and yielded a genetic diagnosis in about 5.0% (6/124) of cases in a cohort of 124 patients with ovarian dysfunction.
Occlusion as a predisposing factor for peri‐implant disease: A review article
Authors: Lee Sang J. , Alamri Osamah , Cao Huilin , Wang Yujun , Gallucci German O. , Lee Jason D. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe restoration of dental implants presents a unique challenge due to the intrinsic biomechanical differences between osseointegrated implants and natural teeth, and their subsequent responses to occlusal loading. However, controversy exists regarding the role that occlusion plays in the physiology of the peri‐implant complex.PurposeTo provide an overview of the scientific literature regarding occlusion as it relates to implant dentistry and peri‐implant disease.Materials and MethodsThis article presents a narrative review on occlusal loading and its potential effects on the peri‐implant complex, as well as some generally accepted guidelines for occlusion in implant dentistry.Results and ConclusionsAlthough there is strong evidence linking occlusal factors to mechanical complications of dental implants, the same cannot be said regarding biological complications. There is no clear scientific evidence on the relationship between occlusal overload and peri‐implant disease. However, occlusal overload may be an accelerating factor for peri‐implant disease in the presence of inflammation. As the biomechanical properties of dental implants differ from that of the natural dentition, modifications to classic concepts of occlusion may be necessary when dental implants are involved. Thus, clinical recommendations are proposed which function to minimize unfavorable occlusal forces on implant restorations and reduce the associated biological and mechanical complications.
Exposure to behavioral regularities in everyday life predicts infants’ acquisition of mental state vocabulary
Authors: Ruffman Ted , Chen Lisa , Lorimer Ben , Vanier Sarah , Edgar Kate , Scarf Damian , Taumoepeau Mele 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThere are two broad views of children's theory of mind. The mentalist view is that it emerges in infancy and is possibly innate. The minimalist view is that it emerges more gradually in childhood and is heavily dependent on learning. According to minimalism, children initially understand behaviors rather than mental states, and they are assisted in doing so by recognizing repeating patterns in behavior. The regularities in behavior allow them to predict future behaviors, succeed on theory‐of‐mind tasks, acquire mental state words, and eventually, understand the mental states underlying behavior. The present study provided the first clear evidence for the plausibility of this view by fitting head cameras to 54 infants aged 6 to 25 months, and recording their view of the world in their daily lives. At 6 and 12 months, infants viewed an average of 146.5 repeated behaviors per hour, a rate consistent with approximately 560,000 repetitions in their first year, and with repetitions correlating with children's acquisition of mental state words, even after controlling for their general vocabulary and a range of variables indexing social interaction. We also recorded infants’ view of people searching or searching for and retrieving objects. These were 92 times less common and did not correlate with mental state vocabulary. Overall, the findings indicate that repeated behaviors provide a rich source of information for children that would readily allow them to recognize patterns in behavior and help them acquire mental state words, providing the first clear evidence for this claim of minimalism.Research HighlightsSix‐ to 25‐month‐olds wore head cameras to record home life from infants’ point‐of‐view and help adjudicate between nativist and minimalist views of theory‐of‐mind (ToM).Nativists say ToM is too early developing to enable learning, whereas minimalists say infants learn to predict behaviors from behavior patterns in environment.Consistent with minimalism, infants had an incredibly rich exposure (146.5/h, >560,000 in first year) to repeated behaviors (e.g., drinking from a cup repeatedly).Consistent with minimalism, more repeated behaviors correlated with infants’ mental state vocabulary, even after controlling for gender, age, searches witnessed and non‐mental state vocabulary.
Stereotypes as prototypes in children's gender concepts
Authors: Foster‐Hanson Emily , Rhodes Marjorie 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHow do gender stereotypes shape prototypes across development? In the current pre‐registered study with children ages 3‐ to 10‐years‐old and adults (N = 257), participants made judgements about which members of gender categories (boys and girls) and animal categories (for comparison) were the most representative and informative about their kinds, using simplified scales of five category members varying on a stereotypical feature (e.g., girls wearing more or less pink). Young children chose boys and girls with extreme stereotypical features (e.g., the girl in head‐to‐toe pink) as both representative and informative of their categories and this tendency declined with age, similar to developmental patterns in prototypes of animal categories. Controlling for age, children whose parents reported more conservative social‐political views also held more extreme gender (but not animal) prototypes. Thus, stereotypes play a central role in children's gender prototypes, especially young children and those living in socially‐conservative households. A video abstract of this article can be viewed at https://youtu.be/Ps9BwuukyD0Research Highlights
Stereotypes play a central role in children's gender prototypes, especially young children and those in socially‐conservative households.
Children ages 3–10 and adults chose which girls, boys, and animals were most representative and informative.
Younger children chose category members with more extreme stereotypical features (e.g., the girl in head‐to‐toe pink) than older children and adults.
Children with more conservative parents also held more extreme gender prototypes.
Modelling cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma for laboratory research
Authors: Kumah Edwin , Bibee Kristin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) leads to significant morbidity for patients with progression and metastases. However, the molecular underpinnings of these tumors are still poorly understood. Dissecting human cSCC pathogenesis amplifies the exigence for preclinical models that mimic invasion and nodal spread. This review discusses the currently available models, including two‐ and three‐dimensional tissue cultures, syngeneic and transgenic mice, and cell line‐derived and patient‐derived xenografts. We further highlight studies that have utilized the different models, considering how they recapitulate specific hallmarks of cSCC. Finally, we discuss the advantages, limitations and future research directions.
Using a topological approach to identify keystone species of fish in eutrophic lake ecosystems: A case of Zhushan Bay, Taihu Lake
Authors: Ren Kecheng , Xu Dongpo , Ren Long , Zhao Dongfu 
Published: November 2022

AbstractEutrophication is a global aquatic environmental problem. Traditional biomanipulation targeting keystone species has been effective for restoring eutrophic lakes. In this study, we conducted monthly fishery assessments and identified keystone species in Zhushan Bay of Taihu Lake, the most representative lake in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. We built the topological structure of Zhushan Bay's food web based on feeding relationships and calculated network indices of fish groups in the food web using network analysis, combined with Key Player Problem operation. Culter mongolicus, Culter alburnus, Protosalanx hyalocranius and Salangichthys tangkahkeii were the keystone species in Zhushan Bay's food web. Culter mongolicus and Culter alburnus had the greatest impact on the food web after removal. Protosalanx hyalocranius had the fastest speed of transmitting information. Salangichthys tangkahkeii was the key baitfish with the strongest ability to determine structure of species in higher trophic levels. Our study provided a reference for scientific management of shallow lake ecosystems and biological solutions for restoration of eutrophic lakes.
In Memoriam: Timothy R. Parsons (1932–2022)
Authors: Perry R. Ian 
Published: November 2022

AbstractOne of the world's pre‐eminent marine scientists and the founding editor of Fisheries Oceanography, Professor Timothy (Tim) R. Parsons, passed away peacefully in hospital in April 2022. He was passionate about building a holistic understanding of how pelagic organisms are interconnected in the food‐webs of the sea, and about presenting alternative methods for the management of fisheries. For these activities and many others, he was the recipient of many international awards and honours. He had a profound influence on many students and colleagues, and leaves behind a foundational body of work on fisheries oceanography.
Women's political representation, good governance and human development
Authors: Mechkova Valeriya , Dahlum Sirianne , Petrarca Constanza Sanhueza 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAs women's political inclusion has become the international norm, many countries have implemented gender quotas or actively tried to increase women's political representation. Women's inclusion is also expected to bring positive development outcomes, as women, both as voters and politicians, may prioritize policies conducive to development. Yet, previous research has shown that descriptive representation does not automatically improve governance, and that various contextual factors influence (female) politicians' ability to shape policy outcomes. In this article, we examine how political corruption affects the dynamics of women's representation. We argue that while the presence of women in politics has the potential to increase development, it can also be used as “window‐dressing” to legitimize rule where in reality male patrons continue to dominate policy decisions. Thus, women representatives recruited from the same corrupt networks as these male patrons may be used to perpetuate the status‐quo or even decrease development outcomes. Building on previous research, we argue that patriarchal gender norms and relatively weaker standing of women in corrupt environments can explain why women in these societies may support policy decisions that go against their preferences and interests as a group. We conduct a quantitative analysis drawing on time‐series cross‐sectional data on 182 countries from 1900 to 2014 to shed light on the linkage between women empowerment, corruption, and development. We find that women's representation only promotes human development if corruption is at low levels, while under high level of corruption women's inclusion is associated with worsened development outcomes. This finding suggests that women political empowerment might not always be a silver bullet to increasing substantive representation, and especially not under very poor levels of governance and prevalent corruption.
The growing importance of ultrasonography in cosmetic dermatology: An update after the 23rd IMCAS Annual World Congress (2022)
Authors: Haykal Diala , Cartier Hugues , Benzaquen Michael , Damiani Giovanni , Habib Sayed Meelad 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundUltrasound (US) has been used for many years in the field of medicine. Many specialties have embraced US as a quick, painless, and relatively inexpensive tool to assist the clinician in determining anatomy, pathology, and aid in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures. US allows for precise mapping of cutaneous and subcutaneous structures in the face, in particular vascular structures. The use of US leads to reduced chances of complications and clinical failures, rendering more safety and high quality.MethodsUS is considered the first‐imaging technique for dealing with fillers and managing their potential complications. US can be deployed for vascular mapping, safe placement of fillers, and directed low‐dose hyaluronidase reversal of vascular adverse events. It is a noninvasive imaging modality that provides a good definition for studying the skin, deeper layers, and blood flow in real time. In other words, we go from static to dynamic anatomy. In addition, US can guide with the application of botulinum toxin, in order to define the muscular planes. US may contribute to a more personalized procedure, better cosmetic results, and help to avoid complications. In general, physicians tend to use it for prevention. Last, for research purposes, US examination provides valuable information on the behavior, longevity, and interaction of the filler within the tissues.ConclusionThis new approach for US‐guided treatments is a very practical and an effective method in cosmetic dermatology. As doctors, we owe it to our patients to do our best to prevent any harm. We feel that in near future, US will be an essential diagnostic tool in any dermatology or cosmetic doctor's office to both ensure safety and provide legal protection for the professional.