bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantifying the effects of the ‘Internet plus Ecology’ framework on carbon sink in the digital age: a representative study of Ant Forest in China
Authors: Wang Nan , Hou Wenjuan , Zhang Xueliang , Wang Zihui , Yang Linsheng 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Ecological afforestation is a positive measure to increase the absorption of carbon dioxide and curb global warming. Ant Forest, a successful example of an ‘Internet + voluntary tree planting’ gamified app with more than 500 million users, has contributed to substantial progress on ecological afforestation in China. It represents a new model of transforming the environmental awareness and low-carbon actions of users (e.g. walking, sharing bikes, and reducing plastics and papers) into actual environmental benefits via planting trees. The implications of Ant Forest can provide useful references for linking ecosystem restoration with the internet worldwide. However, the spatial distribution and quantitative effects on the carbon sink of Ant Forest on a finer scale are not fully understood. In this study, 588 Ant Forest blocks with a total area of 136 314 ha were identified based on area of interest data using the web crawler approach. The forest blocks involved 20 cities in 7 provinces and included 11 varieties of trees. More than 90% of these forest blocks were located in Inner Mongolia, Qinghai, and Gansu Provinces, and mostly shrubs were planted. Based on the Carnegie Ames Stanford approach model, the net primary productivity (NPP) of Ant Forest blocks was estimated. The simulated total annual NPP of all Ant Forest areas was 1.06 × 1011 gC, and an obvious increasing trend in NPP from 2016 to 2020 was observed, indicating effective carbon sequestration. We found that Hippophae rhamnoides and Caragana korshinskii had carbon sink advantages over other shrubs due to their higher NPP values per unit area. By strengthening individuals’ low-carbon awareness for reducing carbon emissions and increasing forest NPP to enhance the carbon sink, Ant Forest uses a representative and inspirational ‘Internet plus Ecology’ framework that has much significance for achieving carbon neutrality in China and tackling global climate change.
Offshore wind resource assessment by characterizing weather regimes based on self-organizing map
Authors: Yang Shangshang , Yuan Huiling , Dong Li 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
As offshore wind power is continuously integrated into the electric power systems in around the world, it is critical to understand its variability. Weather regimes (WRs) can provide meteorological explanations for fluctuations in wind power. Instead of relying on traditional large-scale circulation WRs, this study focuses on assessing the dependency of wind resources on WRs in the tailored region clustered based on the finer spatial scale. For this purpose, we have applied self-organizing map algorithm to cluster atmospheric circulations over the South China Sea (SCS) and characterized wind resources for the classified WRs. Results show that WRs at mesoscale can effectively capture weather systems driving wind power production variability, especially on multi-day timescale. Capacity factor reconstruction during four seasons illustrates that WRs highly influence most areas in winter and southern part of SCS in summer, and WRs can serve as a critical source of predicting the potential of wind resources. In addition, we further qualify the wind power intermittency and complementarity under different WRs, which have not been assessed associated with WRs. During WRs with changeable atmosphere conditions, the high complementarity over coastal areas can reduce the impact of intermittency on wind power generation. The proposed approach is able to be implemented in any region and may benefit wind resource evaluation and characterization.
The Lax operator fixed under the additional symmetries of the extended Toda hierarchy
Authors: Cox Bryant , Sisson Blake 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Additional symmetries of the extended bigraded Toda hierarchy were introduced by Bakalov and Wheeless. We describe properties of a Lax operator fixed under these additional symmetries and determine the unique such Lax operator in the special case of the extended Toda hierarchy (ETH). We further present differential equations for the wave functions and their general solutions that hint at a possible connection to the bispectral problem. Based on these solutions, we highlight a correspondence between the wave functions. Finally, we find the form of a tau function for our Lax operator and compute a second solution to the ETH by applying a Darboux transformation presented by Li and Song.
Generalized Bose–Fermi mapping and strong coupling ansatz wavefunction for one dimensional strongly interacting spinor quantum gases
Authors: Yang Li , Alam Shah Saad , Pu Han 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Quantum many-body systems in one dimension (1D) exhibit some peculiar properties. In this article, we review some of our work on strongly interacting 1D spinor quantum gas. First, we discuss a generalized Bose–Fermi mapping that maps the charge degrees of freedom to a spinless Fermi gas and the spin degrees of freedom to a spin chain model. This also maps the strongly interacting system into a weakly interacting one, which is amenable for perturbative calculations. Next, based on this mapping, we construct an ansatz wavefunction for the strongly interacting system, using which many physical quantities can be conveniently calculated. We showcase the usage of this ansatz wavefunction by considering the collective excitations and quench dynamics of a harmonically trapped system.
On correlations and fluctuations of time-averaged densities and currents with general time-dependence
Authors: Dieball Cai , Godec Aljaž 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We present technical results required for the description and understanding of correlations and fluctuations of the empirical density and current as well as diverse time-integrated and time-averaged thermodynamic currents of diffusion processes with a general time dependence on all time scales. In particular, we generalize the results from Dieball and Godec (2022 Phys. Rev. Lett.
129 140601); Dieball and Godec (2022 Phys. Rev. Res.
4 033243); Dieball and Godec (2022 arXiv:2206.04034 [cond-mat.stat-mech]) to additive functionals with explicit time dependence and transient or non-ergodic overdamped diffusion. As an illustration we apply the results to two-dimensional harmonically confined overdamped diffusion in a rotational flow evolving from a non-stationary initial distribution.
Characterization of pores in polished low temperature co-fired glass-ceramic composites for optimization of their micromachining
Authors: Bartsch Heike , Lubov Maksim , Kharlamov Vladimir , Jiménez Juan Jesús , Morales Francisco Miguel , Pezoldt Jörg 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Pores are intrinsic defects of ceramic composites and influence their functional properties significantly. Their characterization is therefore a pivotal task in material and process optimization. It is demonstrated that polished section analysis allows for obtaining precise information on pore size, shape, area fraction, and homogeneous distribution. It is proven that laser scanning microscopy provides accurate height maps and is thus an appropriate technique for assessing surface features. Such data is used to compare areas with good and poor polishing results, and various surface parameters are evaluated in terms of their informative value and data processing effort. The material under investigation is a low temperature co-fired ceramic composite. Through statistical analysis of the data, the inclination angle was identified as an appropriate parameter to describe the polishing result. By using masked data, direct conclusions can be drawn about the leveling of load-bearing surface areas, which are crucial in photolithographic processing steps and bonding technology. A broad discussion of different defects based on the results contributes to a critical analysis of the potentials and obstacles of micromachining of low temperature cofired ceramic substrates.
Diagnostics of laser-induced plasma on carbon-based polymer material using atomic and molecular emission spectra
Authors: PETROVIĆ Jelena , RANKOVIĆ Dragan , KUZMANOVIĆ Miroslav , SAVOVIĆ Jelena , KIRIS Vasili , NEVAR Alena , NEDELKO Mikhail , TARASENKO Nikolai 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Time-integrated optical emission analysis of laser-induced plasma on Teflon is presented. Plasma was induced under atmospheric pressure air using transversely excited atmospheric CO2 laser pulses. Teflon is a C-based polymer that is, among other things, interesting as a substrate for laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy analysis of liquid samples. This study aimed to determine the optimal experimental conditions for obtaining neutral and ionized C spectral lines and C2 and CN molecular band emission suitable for spectrochemical purposes. Evaluation of plasma parameters was done using several spectroscopic techniques. Stark profiles of appropriate C ionic lines were used to determine electron number density. The ratio of the integral intensity of ionic-to-atomic C spectral lines was used to determine the ionization temperature. A spectral emission of C2 Swan and CN violet bands system was used to determine the temperature of the colder, peripheral parts of plasma. We critically analyzed the use of molecular emission bands as a tool for plasma diagnostics and suggested methods for possible improvements.
Design of a multibeam metasurface antenna for LEO satellite communications payload
Authors: Chesnitskiy A V , Kosmynin A N , Kosmynina K N , Lemberg K V 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we propose a novel method for synthesizing a multibeam metasurface antenna (MSA) for use in a space application - a payload component of a small satellite as part of a low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite communication constellation. MSA is synthesized using the holographic technique with a divergent phase distribution. Using this method, a low-cost multi-beam Ku-band antenna with seven flattened beams is developed. The results of the numerical simulation and experimental study of the proposed seven-beam MSA were presented. The gain of each beam is about 25 dBi, the aperture efficiency of the MSA is ∼40%. Each individual beam had a separate feed point and its own inclination angle (0°, ±3.5°, ±7°, ±10.5°). This paper shows that the presented MSA is not inferior in its characteristics to similar solutions, but is more compact and lighter, and also allows the formation of complex radiation patterns.
Broadband nanoplasmonic photodetector fabricated in ambient condition
Authors: Banerjee Debika , Asuo Ivy , Fortier François-Xavier , Pignolet Alain , Cloutier Sylvain G 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Surface plasmon are widely used to promote the exciton generation and light absorption in solar cells and photodetectors. In this work, a feasible approach for UV–vis-NIR photodetection using plasmon-enhanced silicon nanowires (SiNWs) and amorphous TiO2 heterostructure is presented. The photodetector shows excellent photo response up to 3.3 orders of magnitude enhancement with rise/decay times of 77/51 μs. Under small external bias (1V), the photodetector exhibits very high responsivity up to 49 A W−1 over a broadband wavelength range from 300–1100 nm. All the experimental procedures are performed at room temperature in ambient conditions. Its simple fabrication route and excellent performance make this photodetector distinct from similar architectures. Our finding offers new opportunities to engineer plasmon-based nanostructures in chemical sensors, optoelectronics and nanophotonic devices and applications.
Mechanisms of imbalanced frontostriatal functional connectivity in obsessive-compulsive disorder
Authors: Naze Sebastien , Hearne Luke J , Roberts James A , Sanz-Leon Paula , Burgher Bjorn , Hall Caitlin , Sonkusare Saurabh , Nott Zoie , Marcus Leo , Savage Emma , Robinson Conor , Tian Ye Ella , Zalesky Andrew , Breakspear Michael , Cocchi Luca 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The diagnosis of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) has been linked with changes in frontostriatal resting-state connectivity. However, replication of prior findings is lacking, and the mechanistic understanding of these effects is incomplete. To confirm and advance knowledge on changes in frontostriatal functional connectivity in OCD, participants with OCD and matched healthy controls underwent resting-state functional, structural and diffusion neuroimaging.
Functional connectivity changes in frontostriatal systems were here replicated in individuals with OCD (n = 52) compared with controls (n = 45). OCD participants showed greater functional connectivity (t = 4.3, PFWE = 0.01) between the nucleus accumbens (NAcc) and the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) but lower functional connectivity between the dorsal putamen and lateral prefrontal cortex (t = 3.8, PFWE = 0.04) relative to controls. Computational modelling suggests that NAcc-OFC connectivity changes reflect an increased influence of NAcc over OFC activity and reduced OFC influence over NAcc activity (posterior probability, Pp &gt; 0.66). Conversely, dorsal putamen showed reduced modulation over lateral prefrontal cortex activity (Pp &gt; 0.90). These functional deregulations emerged on top of a generally intact anatomical substrate.
We provide out-of-sample replication of opposite changes in ventro-anterior and dorso-posterior frontostriatal connectivity in OCD and advance the understanding of the neural underpinnings of these functional perturbations. These findings inform the development of targeted therapies normalizing frontostriatal dynamics in OCD.
Brief intensive social gaze training reorganizes functional brain connectivity in boys with fragile X syndrome
Authors: Saggar Manish , Bruno Jennifer L , Hall Scott S 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Boys with fragile X syndrome (FXS), the leading known genetic cause of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), demonstrate significant impairments in social gaze and associated weaknesses in communication, social interaction, and other areas of adaptive functioning. Little is known, however, concerning the impact of behavioral treatments for these behaviors on functional brain connectivity in this population. As part of a larger study, boys with FXS (mean age 13.23 ± 2.31 years) and comparison boys with ASD (mean age 12.15 ± 2.76 years) received resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scans prior to and following social gaze training administered by a trained behavior therapist in our laboratory. Network-agnostic connectome-based predictive modeling of pretreatment resting-state functional connectivity data revealed a set of positive (FXS &gt; ASD) and negative (FXS &lt; ASD) edges that differentiated the groups significantly and consistently across all folds of cross-validation. Following administration of the brief training, the FXS and ASD groups demonstrated reorganization of connectivity differences. The divergence in the spatial pattern of reorganization response, based on functional connectivity differences pretreatment, suggests a unique pattern of response to treatment in the FXS and ASD groups. These results provide further support for implementing targeted behavioral treatments to ameliorate syndrome-specific behavioral features in FXS.
Temperature Effects on the Survival and Development of Two Pest Bark BeetlesHylurgus ligniperdaF. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) andHylastes aterPaykull (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)
Authors: Pugh Andrew R , Romo Cecilia M , Clare Graeme K , Meurisse Nicolas , Bader Martin K F , Pawson Stephen M 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHylurgus ligniperda (F.) and Hylastes ater (Paykull) are secondary bark beetles that have successfully spread beyond their native range, particularly into Pinus spp. plantations in the Southern Hemisphere. They feed on the phloem and cambial regions of highly stressed and recently dead Pinus spp. Here H. ligniperda and H. ater egg, larval, and pupal survival and development rates were modeled. Survival was variably influenced by temperatures depending on the life stage, but general trends were for H. ligniperda to tolerate warmer temperatures in comparison to H. ater. Nonlinear models showed 26, 29, and 34°C are the optimal temperature (maximum development rates) for the development of eggs, larvae, and pupae of H. ligniperda. In contrast, optimal temperature predictions were lower for H. ater, with estimates of 26, 22, and 23°C for the development of eggs, larvae, and pupae, respectively. H. ligniperda pre-imaginal stages were more tolerant to high temperatures, and H. ater pre-imaginal stages were more tolerant to low temperatures. Understanding the thermal requirements and limits for development for these two pests can assist in modeling emergence times, their current and potential species distribution and have potential phytosanitary applications.
Multifactorial effects of outpatient cardiac rehabilitation in patients with heart failure: a nationwide retrospective cohort study
Authors: Kanaoka Koshiro , Iwanaga Yoshitaka , Nakai Michikazu , Nishioka Yuichi , Myojin Tomoya , Kubo Shinichiro , Okada Katsuki , Noda Tatsuya , Sakata Yasushi , Miyamoto Yoshihiro , Saito Yoshihiko , Imamura Tomoaki 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAimsAlthough cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is a strongly recommended therapy, no large study has assessed the effects of outpatient CR in patients with heart failure (HF) in real-world settings. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the multifactorial effects of outpatient CR in patients with HF using a nationwide database.Methods and resultsThis nationwide retrospective cohort study was performed using the National Database of Health Insurance Claims and Specific Health Checkups of Japan. Patients with acute HF who underwent inpatient CR between April 2014 and March 2020 were included. The association between outpatient CR participation and all-cause mortality, rehospitalization for HF, use of medical resources, and medical costs was analysed using propensity score matching analysis. Of 250 528 patients, 17 884 (7.1%) underwent outpatient CR. After propensity score matching, the CR (+) group was associated with a reduction in the risk of all-cause mortality [hazard ratio (HR): 0.64, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.60–0.68, P &lt; 0.001] and rehospitalization for HF compared with the CR (−) group (HR: 0.87, 95% CI: 0.82–0.92, P &lt; 0.001). The proportion of guideline-based medication use for HF at 1 year was higher in the CR (+) group than in the CR (−) group. The total medical costs from the index hospitalization to 1.5 years after admission were similar between the groups.ConclusionOutpatient CR participation after discharge from HF was associated with reduced mortality and rehospitalization for HF without increasing medical costs.
An in vitro whole-cell electrophysiology dataset of human cortical neurons
Authors: Howard Derek , Chameh Homeira Moradi , Guet-McCreight Alexandre , Hsiao Huan Allen , Vuong Maggie , Seo Young Seok , Shah Prajay , Nigam Anukrati , Chen Yuxiao , Davie Melanie , Hay Etay , Valiante Taufik A , Tripathy Shreejoy J 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background
Whole-cell patch-clamp electrophysiology is an essential technique for understanding how single neurons translate their diverse inputs into a functional output. The relative inaccessibility of live human cortical neurons for experimental manipulation has made it difficult to determine the unique features of how human cortical neurons differ from their counterparts in other species.

Findings
We present a curated repository of whole-cell patch-clamp recordings from surgically resected human cortical tissue, encompassing 118 neurons from 35 individuals (age range, 21–59 years; 17 male, 18 female). Recorded human cortical neurons derive from layers 2 and 3 (L2&3), deep layer 3 (L3c), or layer 5 (L5) and are annotated with a rich set of subject and experimental metadata. For comparison, we also provide a limited set of comparable recordings from 21-day-old mice (11 cells from 5 mice). All electrophysiological recordings are provided in the Neurodata Without Borders (NWB) format and are available for further analysis via the Distributed Archives for Neurophysiology Data Integration online repository. The associated data conversion code is made publicly available and can help others in converting electrophysiology datasets to the open NWB standard for general reuse.

Conclusion
These data can be used for novel analyses of biophysical characteristics of human cortical neurons, including in cross-species or cross-lab comparisons or in building computational models of individual human neurons.
Neighborhood factors associated with leisure-time physical activity in a Brazilian city
Authors: da Silva Fernanda Maria Oliveira , Longo Giana Zarbato , de Camargo Anice Milbratz , Fiates Giovanna Medeiros Rataichesck , Pessoa Milene Cristine 
Published: November 2022

Summary
The purpose of this study was to estimate the association between environmental variables and leisure-time physical activity levels in an adult population of a medium-sized city in Brazil. This is a cross-sectional study with a sample of 965 adults (20–59 years). Individual, socioeconomic, demographic and behavioral data were obtained through a population-based survey. Environmental data were collected through direct observation and subsequently georeferenced. The outcome variable was leisure-time physical activity level, dichotomized as insufficiently active (&lt;150 min/week) and active (≥150 min/week). Physical activity-related facilities were categorized as public or private, and food outlets as healthy, unhealthy or mixed. Monthly per capita income and crime rate by census tract were used to categorize the social environment. Statistical analysis was performed using binary logistic regression (generalized estimating equation models). A direct association was found between the availability of public (adjusted OR = 2.16; 95% CI = 1.44–3.25) and private (adjusted OR = 1.21; 95% CI = 1.02–1.44) physical activity facilities in the census tract and leisure-time physical activity. A greater availability of mixed food establishments was associated with higher leisure-time physical activity levels (adjusted OR = 1.10; 95% CI = 1.004–1.22). Environmental characteristics can contribute together to leisure-time physical activity and could be the focus of policies aimed at promoting physical activity in middle-income countries.
Spawning Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua L.) exposed to noise from seismic airguns do not abandon their spawning site
Authors: McQueen Kate , Meager Justin J , Nyqvist Daniel , Skjæraasen Jon Egil , Olsen Esben Moland , Karlsen Ørjan , Kvadsheim Petter H , Handegard Nils Olav , Forland Tonje Nesse , Sivle Lise Doksæter 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Seismic airgun surveys may disturb and displace fish at large ranges. If such displacement causes fish to abandon spawning grounds, reproductive success could be impacted. To investigate whether airgun sound causes cod (Gadus morhua L.) to leave their spawning grounds, acoustic telemetry arrays were deployed on two cod spawning grounds: a test and a reference site. From 2019 to 2021, 136 mature cod from the test site and 45 from the reference site were tagged with acoustic transmitters. Intermittent seismic shooting of two 40 in.3 airguns for 1 week during the spawning periods of 2020–2021 resulted in fluctuating sound exposure levels (SEL) at the test site, comparable to a full-scale industrial survey 5–&gt;40 km away. Residency and survival of tagged cod were analysed with capture–mark–recapture models fitted to the detection and recapture data. Departure rate of the mature cod varied between spawning seasons but was similar between the test and reference sites. Neither survival nor departure significantly differed between seismic exposure and baseline periods. The results indicated that exposure to airguns at received SEL of up to ∼145 dB re 1 µPa2 s, comparable to a seismic survey occurring several kilometres away, did not displace tagged cod from spawning grounds.