bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Cross-sectional Study on Research Practices among Doctors in India
Authors: Rathi Akanksha , Kumar Vikas , Majhi Jitendra , Jayaraj Naveen Prabhu , Singh Satyavir 
Published: May 2022

Introduction:
When doctors assume the role of a researcher, then they have to play from both ends – many times, the enthusiasm of research might play with morality of a physician. The quality of research in India is not at par with most countries and it has a publication share of only 1.59%.

Objectives:
The objectives were to find out the research practices of doctors to identify loopholes in research and recommend rectifications.

Materials and Methods:
It is a cross-sectional study done with the help of an anonymous online pretested questionnaire. The questionnaire was randomly mailed from a mailing list to 500 doctors of different places and specialties and 100 of them filled the form and participated in the study.

Results:
Out of the 100 participants, 77 (77%) said that they had received some training or have attended some workshop on research methodology. More than one-fourth of the researchers agreed to modifying data to get desired results and 14% agreed to producing false data owing to the pressure by a supervisor. Almost one-third of the researchers agreed to having deliberately ignored bias or errors in their studies. Twenty-three percent revealed that they do not always take informed consent from their study subjects. More than one-third researchers revealed that they do not seek the permission of the institutional ethics committee (IEC) before commencing a study. The proportion of researchers having low, medium, or high good research practices score is 15.4%, 21.8%, and 62.8%, respectively.

Conclusion:
Majority of researchers indulge in misconduct, knowing, and unknowingly. These issues need to be tackled through capacity building, training of investigators and IEC members, strengthening of IEC functioning, and encouraging greater community participation.
Low Fruit and Vegetable Consumption is Associated with Linear Growth Faltering among Children in Urban Bangladesh
Authors: Parvin Tahmina , Endres Kelly , Hasan M. Tasdik , Uddin Ismat Minhaj , Bhuyian Md Sazzadul Islam , Zohura Fatema , Coglianese Nicole , Biswas Shwapon Kumar , Alam Munirul , Faruque Abu S. G. , Gittelsohn Joel , Perin Jamie , George Christine Marie 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT.
The objective of this study was to examine the association between dietary diversity and child growth among children 6 to 23 months of age in urban slums of Bangladesh. This prospective cohort study enrolled 192 participants 6 to 23 months of age in Dhaka, Bangladesh. To collect dietary intake information for children 6 to 23 months of age, consumption of five or more of the following eight minimum dietary diversity food groups was recorded using 24-hour dietary recall by the child’s caregiver: 1) breast milk; 2) grains, roots, and tubers; 3) legumes and nuts; 4) dairy products; 5) flesh foods; 6) eggs; 7) vitamin A–rich fruits and vegetables; and 8) other fruits and vegetables. Height and weight were measured at baseline and at a 12-month follow-up. Fifty-five percent of children (106 of 192) consumed five or more of the eight minimum dietary diversity food groups during their first visit to assess dietary intake. Eighty-two percent of children (157 of 192) had a report of consuming an animal source of food (e.g., eggs, dairy, flesh foods) in the past 24 hours, 85% (164 of 192) consumed any source of protein (e.g., eggs, dairy, flesh foods, nuts, and legumes), and 65% of children (125 of 192) were reported to consume any fruits and vegetables. Child consumption of fruits and vegetables was positively associated with change in length-for-age z-scores from baseline to the 12-month follow-up (coefficient, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.03–1.68). Inadequate fruit and vegetable consumption was associated with linear growth faltering among the young children residing in urban Dhaka, Bangladesh. These findings demonstrate the need for effective interventions to increase fruit and vegetable consumption in this susceptible pediatric population.
Epidemiology of Soil-Transmitted Helminth Infections among Primary School Children in the States of Chhattisgarh, Telangana, and Tripura, India, 2015–2016
Authors: Ganguly Sandipan , Barkataki Sharad , Sanga Prerna , Boopathi K. , Kanagasabai Kaliaperumal , Devika Shanmugasundaram , Karmakar Sumallya , Chowdhury Punam , Sarkar Rituparna , Raj Dibyendu , James Leo , Dutta Shanta , Campbell Suzy J. , Murhekar Manoj 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT.
Soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections are highly prevalent in many developing countries, affecting the poorest and most deprived communities. We conducted school-based surveys among children studying in first to fifth standard in government schools in the Indian States of Chhattisgarh, Telangana, and Tripura to estimate the prevalence and intensity of STH infections during November 2015 and January 2016. We adopted a two-stage cluster sampling design, with a random selection of districts within each agro-climatic zone in the first stage. In the second stage, government primary schools were selected by probability proportional to size method from the selected districts. We collected information about demographic details, water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) characteristics and stool samples from the school children. Stool samples were tested using Kato-Katz method. Stool samples from 3,313 school children (Chhattisgarh: 1,442, Telangana: 1,443, and Tripura: 428) were examined. The overall prevalence of any STH infection was 80.2% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 73.3–85.7) in Chhattisgarh, 60.7% (95% CI: 53.8–67.2) in Telangana, and 59.8% (95% CI: 49.0–69.7) in Tripura. Ascaris lumbricoides was the most prevalent STH infection in all three states. Most of the STH infections were of light intensity. Our study findings indicate that STH infections were highly prevalent among the school children in Chhattisgarh, Telangana, and Tripura, indicating the need for strengthening STH control program in these states. The prevalence estimates from the survey would serve as a baseline for documenting the impact of the National Deworming Day programs in these states.
Cytotoxic Activity jof Dialium Guineense Wild (Fabaceae) Fruit and Stem Bark Methanol Extracts and Fractions
Authors: Imade R.O. , Chikunie-Ofulue M. , Choudharyi M.I. , Alam A. 
Published: May 2022

Background: Cancer is a disease characterized by uncontrollable multiplication and spread of abnormal forms of the body’s own cells. Due to the challenges of orthodox drugs other treatment options are being investigated. Dialium guineense has found ethnomedicinal application in the management of various ailments including cancer.
Objectives: To evaluate the cytotoxic activity of D. guineense fruit and stem bark extracts using preliminary and confirmatory methods.
Material and method: Preliminary screening was carried out on the extracts using bench-top assay methods for cytotoxicity involving the use of tadpoles of Raniceps ranninus (20-200 µg/mL) and growth inhibition with radicle of Sorghum bicolor seeds (1-30 mg/mL). The extracts were further tested on a breast cancer cell line (AU 565) at 50 μg/mL using 3-(4, 5- dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Solvent partitioning of the stem bark extract was carried out using chloroform and the resulting fractions subjected to biological testing.
Results: The stem bark extract showed 100 % mortality at 40 µg/mL in the tadpole lethality assay while the fruit showed no mortality. The aqueous fraction of the stem bark extract was also more active than the chloroform fraction with an LC50 of 32.4 μg/mL. A concentration dependent effect was observed in the growth inhibitory test using S. bicolor with 67.92 and 49.06 % reductions obtained for the stem bark and fruit extracts respectively. The chloroform fraction produced the highest anticancer effect with 46.55 % inhibition against AU 565 cell line.
Conclusion: D. guineense stem bark has cytotoxic potential and is a good candidate for further in vivo anticancer studies.
EFFECT OF EMPLOYEE AGILITY ON ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE (A CASE STUDY OF THE STATE DEPARTMENT FOR LABOUR, KENYA)
Authors: Makori Artlibert , Maina Florence , Obiero Brian , Daniel Sonkori , Njeri Rose , Obonyo Sharon , Okwayo Benson , Okaka Wilbroda 
Published: May 2022

Purpose: The research sought to assess the effect of employee agility on organization performance with a specific study by the State Department for Labour.
Methodology: The data for this study were collected at the State Department for Labour. The respondents included a sample of the employees working at the department as of the end of 2020. The study population comprised 484 employees working at the State Department for Labour. This study adopted ten percent of the target populace, which translates to 59 participants. Therefore, the sample scope for the research was 59 respondents. The research employed stratified random sampling techniques. In addition, the study depended on key information that was assembled by a designed data assortment tool that was accurately created. Descriptive measurements such as percentages, frequencies, standard deviations, and mean were utilized to summarize composed data. Likewise, inferential tools of regression and correlation analysis were utilized to create the connection between employee agility and organizational performance. The study results were offered using bar charts, tables, pie charts, and graphs.
Results: From the findings of this study, it was resolved that employee agility positively influences organizational performance. The State Department for Labour is critical since its mandate, among others, is to ensure there are harmonious industrial Labour relations. The economic growth and development of the country rely on it to enhance Labour productivity through its Labour dispute resolving mechanism. Therefore the performance of the state Labour department is essential. There is a link between operative agility enablers and general internal performance.
A unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: This study would inform policymakers and Human Resource Practitioners on various approaches to improving employee agility in order to enhance Organizational Performance.
A
S
tudy of the Effectiveness of Lidocaine
to Treat S
evere P
ulmonary Vascular Constriction
induced by Protamine
Authors: Singh Sanjeev , Okyere Isaac , Annamalai Anbarasu , Singh Arti 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Background: Protamine neutralises heparin after separation from cardiopulmonary bypass. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of lidocaine on protamine induced pulmonary vascular constriction in paediatric cardiothoracic surgery. Methods: This was a single-centre, prospective, double-blind and randomised study conducted among eighty pediatric patients with acyanotic congenital cardiac disease, scheduled for elective on-pump cardiac surgery under general anaesthesia. In the study, the participants were divided into four groups: Group NPHL- nonpulmonary hypertension with lidocaine preconditioning, group NPHS- nonpulmonary hypertension with normal saline (as placebo), group PHL- pulmonary hypertension with lidocaine preconditioning, and group PHS- pulmonary hypertension with normal saline (as placebo). Results: Pulmonary vasoconstriction occurred in 11.25% of cases after protamine administration. Both the NPHS and PHS groups exhibited an increase in mean airway pressure (Paw), Respiratory index (RI), alveolar-arterial oxygen difference (A-aDO2), pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) and decreased dynamic pulmonary compliance (Cydn) and oxygen index (OI) after protamine administration. However, these changes were not observed in the NPHL and PHL groups with lidocaine preconditioning. Plasma levels of TXB2 in the NPHS and PHS groups were higher than the NPHL and PHL groups, but 6-keto-PGF1 alpha levels were lower in the NPHS and PHS groups than in the NPHL and PHL groups. Conclusion: In congenital heart disease, repair without cardiopulmonary bypass is not possible in most cases. Prior to reversing heparin with protamine, preconditioning lidocaine reverses protamine-induced pulmonary vasoconstriction and improves lung function.
The Role of Fat Blends in Improving the Physicochemical Properties of Palm Kernel Oil for Monolaurin Synthesis
Authors: Ngatirah Ngatirah , Hidayat Chusnul , Rahayu Endang Sutriswati , Utami Tyas 
Published: May 2022

This study aims to analyze the physicochemical properties of fat blends between palm kernel olein and stearin in different ratios. Furthermore, it determines the fat blends, which have more than 50 % lauric acid at the sn-2 position. The liquefied RBDPKOo (refined bleached deodorized palm kernel olein) and RBDPKOs (refined bleached deodorized palm kernel stearin) were mixed in proportions of 100:0; 80:20; 60:40; 40:60; 20:80; and 0:100 (w/w), and homogenized at 70 °C for 15 min. Also, the samples analyzed were fatty acid composition, triglyceride profile and physicochemical properties. The results showed the blending of RBDPKOo with RBDPKOs resulted in a change in melting point, iodine value, and behavior. Increased RBDPKOs resulted to a higher melting point, and a lower iodine value of fat blends. A blending with higher RBDPKOs (more than 60 %) resulted in a sharp endothermic peak. Meanwhile, blending of RBDPKOo with RBDPKOs significantly changes the fatty acid composition and triglycerides profiles. The RBDPKOs in the fat blends increased the trilaurin, and the composition as well as the amount of lauric acid at the position of sn-2. In addition, the 2 fat blends obtained with more than 50 % lauric acid at the position of sn-2 were RBDPKOo: RBDPKOs ratios of 40:60 and 20:80, respectively.
HIGHLIGHTS

Palm kernel olein and stearin blend
Improving the Physicochemical Properties of Palm Kernel Oil
Raw material of monolaurin synthesis
ALLOMETRIC MODELS OF SINGLE-TREE BIOMASS FOR FOREST-FORMING SPECIES OF THE URALS
Authors: Усольцев В.А. , Цепардей И.С. , Норицин Д.В. 
Published: May 2022

Для оценки углероддепонирующей способности лесов Уральского региона необходимы аллометрические модели зависимости биомассы от диаметра ствола. Подобные модели особенно перспективны в условиях Урала, где преобладают древостои смешанного породного состава, и модели биомассы, рассчитанные на уровне древостоев, могут иметь смещения, вызванные изменчивостью породного состава. В работе предложены аллометрические модели для компонентов надземной биомассы деревьев лесообразующих пород Урала, которые характеризуются высокими показателями адекватности исходным данным. Вследствие нехватки фактических данных о биомассе корней для каждой породы предложены средние значения относительного показателя как отношения массы корней к надземной. Полученные результаты могут быть полезны при мониторинге углероддепонирующей способности лесного покрова Уральского региона.Ключевые слова: надземная биомасса, компоненты биомассы, масса корней, относительная масса корней, аллометрические модели биомассы
To assess the carbon depositing capacity of forests in the Ural region, allometric models of the dependence of biomass on stem diameter are needed. Such models are especially promising in the conditions of the Urals, where stands of mixed species composition prevail, and biomass models calculated at the level of stands will have displacements caused by the variability of the species composition. The paper proposes allometric models for the components of the aboveground biomass of trees of forest-forming species of the Urals, which are characterized by high indicators of adequacy in relation to the initial data. Due to the lack of actual data on root biomass, average values of the relative indicator as the ratio of root mass to aboveground one are proposed for each species. The results obtained can be useful in monitoring the carbon depositing capacity of the forest cover of the Ural region.
Foreign Direct Investment in Central Asian Countries: Leaders, Methods of Attraction, Prospects
Authors: Ыдырыс С.С. , Шарханова Б. , Ydyrys S. , Sharkhanova B. 
Published: May 2022

Привлечение прямых иностранных инвестиции является одной из важных условий устойчивого экономического и социального развития для стран Центральной Азии. Регион богатый природными и человеческими ресурсами, стратегическое расположение которого между богатой природными ресурсами Россией и одной из самых больших рынков потребления, и экономического развития Китаем, и не стабильным Афганистаном привлекает международных игроков в сферах экономики, политической стабильности и безопасности.В статье приводиться сравнительный анализ по пяти странам Центральной Азии - Казахстан, Туркменистан, Кыргызстан, Узбекистан и Таджикистан по потенциалу привлечения прямых иностранных инвестиции, структуре экономики, перспективам долгосрочного экономического развития. За 30 лет после обретения независимости страны Центральной Азии развивались неоднородно, но структура экономик всех пяти стран схожая, сырьевая экономика, направленная на добычу и экспорт природных ресурсов. На протяжении всех лет становления прямые иностранные инвестиции направлялись в добывающие секторы экономики. Но снижение и волатильность цен на мировом рынке энергоресурсов, зависимость от внешних шоков, увеличение населения региона, желание самих стран диверсифицировать экономику вынуждает правящие элиты республик принимать законы и проводить реформы для улучшения инвестиционного климата для привлечения прямых иностранных инвестиции в приоритетные секторы экономики.
Attracting foreign direct investment is one of the important conditions for sustainable economic and social development for the countries of Central Asia. The region rich in natural and human resources, the strategic location of which between resource-rich Russia and one of the largest consumption markets, and economic development in China, and unstable Afghanistan attracts in the spheres: economy, political stability and security.The article provides a comparative analysis of five Central Asian countries - Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan and Tajikistan in terms of the potential for attracting foreign direct investment, the structure of the economy, and the prospects for long-term economic development.Over the 30 years after gaining independence, the countries of Central Asia have developed unevenly, but the structure of the economies of all five countries is similar, a resource-based economy focused on the extraction and export of natural resources. Throughout the years of formation, foreign direct investment was directed to the extractive sectors of the economy. But the decline and volatility of prices in the world market for natural resources, dependence on external shocks, an increase in the population of the region, the desire of the countries themselves to diversify their economies are forcing the ruling elites of countries to adopt laws and implement reforms to improve the investment climate to attract foreign direct investment in priority sectors of the economy.
СЕТЕВЫЕ МОДЕЛИ МЕЖСЕКТОРНОГО ПАРТНЕРСТВА В ОБЩЕСТВЕННОМ СЕКТОРЕ ЭКОНОМИКИ КАЗАХСТАНА
Authors: Zambinova Z. , Pritvorova T. , Zambinova G. , Замбинова З.Б. , Притворова Т.П. , Замбинова Г.К. 
Published: May 2022

Corporate social responsibility is being implemented on a large scale by Kazakhstan corporations in the public sector on the basis of memoranda with the state and support for non-profit organizations through charitable foundations. But the network approach carries significant strategic potential, which is currently not used.The article considered the development of models of intersectoral partnership that change the relationship between compensatory projects and human development projects in favor of the latter.And also, was shown an expert survey of administrators of large corporations of Kazakhstan and representatives of state bodies, as well as an analysis of the content of memoranda of mutual intentions to identify forms of implementation of intersectoral partnership. The sample included 3 large corporations of Kazakhstan: Kazzinc JSC, ArcelorMittal Temirtau JSC, Kazakhmys JSC.Analyzed the assessment of the content of memoranda of mutual intentions of public administration bodies and large corporations conducting business activities on the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan.As a result, models of 2 network cooperation projects were proposed, which involve using the financial and professional resources of corporations on the principle of corporate volunteering for the development of the human potential of socially vulnerable groups of society and increasing the sustainability of non-profit organizations, social entrepreneurs.
Корпоративная социальная ответственность масштабно реализуется корпорациями Казахстана в общественном секторе на основе меморандумов с государством и поддержки некоммерческих организаций через благотворительные фонды. Но сетевой подход несет в себе значительный потенциал стратегического характера, который в настоящее время не задействован.В статье была рассмотрена разработка моделей межсекторного партнерства, изменяющих соотношение между проектами компенсирующего характера и проектами развития человеческого потенциала в пользу последних.Был показан экспертный опрос администраторов крупных корпораций Казахстана и представителей государственных органов, а также анализ содержания меморандумов о взаимных намерениях для идентификации форм реализации межсекторного партнерства. В выборку были включены 3 крупные корпорации Казахстана: АО «Kazzinc», АО «АрселорМиттал Темиртау», АО «Казахмыс».Проанализирована оценка содержания меморандумов о взаимных намерениях органов государственного управления и крупных корпораций, ведущих хозяйственную деятельность на территории Республики Казахстан.В результате было предложено модели 2-х проектов сетевого сотрудничества, которые предполагают задействовать финансовый и профессиональный ресурс корпораций на принципе корпоративного волонтерства для развития человеческого потенциала социально-уязвимых групп общества и повышения устойчивости некоммерческих организаций, социальных предпринимателей.