bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dipyridamole and adenosinergic pathway in Covid-19: a juice or holy grail
Authors: Al-kuraishy Hayder M. , Al-Gareeb Ali I. , Elekhnawy Engy , Batiha Gaber El-Saber 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) is an infectious worldwide pandemic triggered by severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). This pandemic disease can lead to pro-inflammatory activation with associated acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome.

Main body of the abstract
SARS-CoV-2 infection is linked with inhibition of adenosine and activation of phosphodiesterase. Dipyridamole (DIP) is a nucleoside transport and phosphodiesterase inhibitor so that it may potentially affect SARS-CoV-2 infection and its accompanying inflammations. Therefore, the primary objective of this mini-review study was to elucidate the potential beneficial impacts of DIP on the adenosinergic pathway in Covid-19. A systemic search was done using online databases with relevant keywords. The findings of the present study illustrated that DIP directly or indirectly, through augmentation of adenosine and inhibition of phosphodiesterase, mitigates Covid-19 outcomes.

Conclusion
Our study concluded that DIP has a potential therapeutic effect in the management and treatment of Covid-19. This could be attained either directly, through anti-SARS-CoV-2, anti-inflammatory, and anti-platelets properties, or indirectly, through augmentation of extracellular adenosine, which has anti-inflammatory and immune-regulatory effects. However, extensive randomized clinical trials, and clinical and prospective research in this area are required to demonstrate the safety and therapeutic efficacy of DIP and adenosine modulators in the treatment of Covid-19.
Novel Variants and Phenotypes in NEUROG3-Associated Syndrome
Authors: Wejaphikul Karn , Srilanchakon Khomsak , Kamolvisit Wuttichart , Jantasuwan Supavadee , Santawong Kanokwan , Tongkobpetch Siraprapa , Theerapanon Thanakorn , Damrongmanee Alisara , Hongsawong Nattaphorn , Ukarapol Nuthapong , Dejkhamron Prapai , Supornsilchai Vichit , Porntaveetus Thantrira , Shotelersuk Vorasuk 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Context
Biallelic pathogenic variants in the NEUROG3 gene cause malabsorptive diarrhea, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), and rarely hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. With only 17 reported cases, the clinical and mutational spectra of this disease are far from complete.

Objective
To identify the underlying genetic etiology in 3 unrelated Thai patients who presented with early-onset malabsorptive diarrhea, endocrine abnormalities, and renal defects and to determine the pathogenicity of the newly identified pathogenic variants using luciferase reporter assays and western blot.

Methods
Three unrelated patients with congenital diarrhea were recruited. Detailed clinical and endocrinological features were obtained. Exome sequencing was performed to identify mutations and in vitro functional experiments including luciferase reporter assay were studied to validate their pathogenicity.

Results
In addition to malabsorptive diarrhea due to enteric anendocrinosis, IDDM, short stature, and delayed puberty, our patients also exhibited pituitary gland hypoplasia with multiple pituitary hormone deficiencies (Patient 1, 2, 3) and proximal renal tubulopathy (Patient 2, 3) that have not previously reported. Exome sequencing revealed that Patient 1 was homozygous for c.371C &gt; G (p.Thr124Arg) while the other 2 patients were homozygous for c.284G &gt; C (p.Arg95Pro) in NEUROG3. Both variants have never been previously reported. Luciferase reporter assay demonstrated that these 2 variants impaired transcriptional activity of NEUROG3.

Conclusions
This study reported pituitary gland hypoplasia with multiple pituitary hormone deficiencies and proximal renal tubulopathy and 2 newly identified NEUROG3 loss-of-function variants in the patients with NEUROG3-associated syndrome.
mNG-tagged fusion proteins and nanobodies to visualize tropomyosins in yeast and mammalian cells
Authors: Hatano Tomoyuki , Lim Tzer Chyn , Billault-Chaumartin Ingrid , Dhar Anubhav , Gu Ying , Massam-Wu Teresa , Scott William , Adishesha Sushmitha , Chapa-y-Lazo Bernardo , Springall Luke , Sivashanmugam Lavanya , Mishima Masanori , Martin Sophie G. , Oliferenko Snezhana , Palani Saravanan , Balasubramanian Mohan K. 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT
Tropomyosins are structurally conserved α-helical coiled-coil proteins that bind along the length of filamentous actin (F-actin) in fungi and animals. Tropomyosins play essential roles in the stability of actin filaments and in regulating myosin II contractility. Despite the crucial role of tropomyosin in actin cytoskeletal regulation, in vivo investigations of tropomyosin are limited, mainly due to the suboptimal live-cell imaging tools currently available. Here, we report on an mNeonGreen (mNG)-tagged tropomyosin, with native promoter and linker length configuration, that clearly reports tropomyosin dynamics in Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Cdc8), Schizosaccharomyces japonicus (Cdc8) and Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Tpm1 and Tpm2). We also describe a fluorescent probe to visualize mammalian tropomyosin (TPM2 isoform). Finally, we generated a camelid nanobody against S. pombe Cdc8, which mimics the localization of mNG–Cdc8 in vivo. Using these tools, we report the presence of tropomyosin in previously unappreciated patch-like structures in fission and budding yeasts, show flow of tropomyosin (F-actin) cables to the cytokinetic actomyosin ring and identify rearrangements of the actin cytoskeleton during mating. These powerful tools and strategies will aid better analyses of tropomyosin and F-actin cables in vivo.
Positive feedback promotes terrestrial emergence behaviour in an amphibious fish
Authors: Tigert Liam R. , Wright Patricia A. , Turko Andy J. 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT
Major ecological transitions such as the invasion of land by aquatic vertebrates may be facilitated by positive feedback between habitat choice and phenotypic plasticity. We used the amphibious fish Kryptolebias marmoratus to test the hypothesis that aquatic hypoxia, emergence behaviour and respiratory plasticity create this type of positive feedback loop that causes fish to spend increasing amounts of time on land. Terrestrially acclimated fish were more sensitive to aquatic hypoxia (emergence at higher PO2) and were less hypoxia tolerant (shorter time to loss of equilibrium) relative to water-acclimated fish, which are necessary conditions for positive feedback. Next, we tested the prediction that exposure to aquatic hypoxia causes fish to emerge frequently, reduce gill surface area, and become less hypoxia tolerant. Indeed, fish exposed to severe aquatic hypoxia spent almost 50% of the time out of water and coverage of the gill lamellae by an inter-lamellar cell mass almost doubled. Fish exposed to aquatic hypoxia that could emerge from water were also more sensitive to subsequent acute aquatic hypoxia and were less hypoxia tolerant than normoxia-exposed controls. These results are opposite those of fish that cannot escape from aquatic hypoxia and presumably arise owing to plastic changes that occur during air exposure. Together, these results indicate that emergence behaviour begets further emergence behaviour, driven by gill remodelling which reduces aquatic respiratory function. This type of positive feedback may explain how amphibious behaviour has repeatedly evolved in fishes that occupy hypoxic aquatic habitats despite the associated challenges of life on land.
Individual- and Environmental-Level Predictors of Recess Activity and Sedentary Behavior: Findings from the I-CAN! Study
Authors: Bartholomew John B. , Clutton Jon , Burford Katie , Aadland Eivind , Resaland Geir Kare , Jowers Esbelle M. , Errisuiz Vanessa 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT

Introduction/Purpose: Recess represents a prime opportunity for physical activity during the school day. However, evidence is mixed with regard to factors associated with activity during recess. Methods: Data were collected as a part of the Texas Initiative for Children’s Activity and Nutrition (I-CAN!) program from 14 elementary schools and 1049 fourth-grade students. Percent of time in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary behavior during recess was measured using GT3X+ accelerometers. Students’ demographics, aerobic fitness, and body mass index were collected from school records and FITNESSGRAM® data. Aspects of the playground environment supporting activity (e.g., soccer goals) or sedentary behavior (e.g., benches) were calculated following the procedures of the System for Observing Play and Leisure Activity in Youth, with recess spatial area calculated via the polygon measurement tool in Google™ Earth Pro software. Recess time was collected from school data. Weather during recess was determined using time-stamped archived weather data from Weather Underground. Two-level, linear mixed model regression examined associations between individual- and school-level characteristics and percent time in MVPA. Results: At the student level, boys were more active than girls (effect size (ES) = 0.50), and percent time in MVPA was directly associated with aerobic fitness (ES = 0.35). At the school level, recess infrastructure was associated with percent time in MVPA (ES = 1.45), except for factors related to sedentary behavior, which were indirectly associated with percent time in MVPA (ES = −1.98). Patterns for sedentary behavior mirrored these effects. Conclusions: This is one of the few studies to test the associations of fitness and sedentary upgrades to play areas with MVPA and sedentary behavior. The results suggest that recess is most likely to support MVPA in boys and those who are already most fit (i.e., those who would not be the target of intervention). This is not surprising because the focus of recess is on free choice of play, and thus recess might be supported more for social and emotional benefits than the effect on physical activity.
The potential utility of an augmented data collection approach in understanding the journey to care of pregnant women for maternal and perinatal death surveillance and response
Authors: Banke-Thomas Aduragbemi 
Published: September 2022

Background: The Maternal and Perinatal Death Surveillance and Response (MPDSR) proposed by the World Health Organization recognises the importance for health systems to understand the reasons underpinning the death of a pregnant woman or her newborn as an essential first step in preventing future similar deaths. Data for the surveillance component of the MPDSR process are typically collected from health facility sources and post-mortem interviews with affected families, though it may be traumatising to them. This brief report aimed to assess the potential utility of an augmented data collection method for mapping journeys of maternal and perinatal deaths, which does not require sourcing additional information from grieving family members. Methods: A descriptive analysis of maternal and perinatal deaths that occurred across 24 public hospitals in Lagos State, Nigeria, between 1st November 2018 and 30th October 2019 was conducted. Data on their demographic, obstetric history and complication at presentation, travel to the hospital, and mode of birth were extracted from their hospital records. The extracted travel data was exported to Google Maps, where driving distance and travel time to the hospital for the period of the day of travel were also extracted. Results: Of the 182 maternal deaths, most presented during the week (80.8%), travelled 5-10 km (30.6%) and 10-29 minutes (46.9%), and travelled to the nearest hospital to their places of residence (70.9%). Of the 442 pregnant women who had perinatal deaths, most presented during the week (78.5%), travelled <5 km (26.9%) and 10-29 minutes (38.0%). For both, the least reported travel data was the mode of travel used to care (>90.0%) and the period of the day they travelled (approximately 30.0%). Conclusion: An augmented data collection approach that includes accurate and complete travel data and closer-to-reality estimates of travel time and distance can be beneficial for MPDSR purposes.
Burden, causes, and risk factors of perinatal mortality in Eastern Africa: a protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Asefa Yohanis Alemeshet , Persson Lars Åke , Seale Anna C. , Assefa Nega 
Published: September 2022

Background: Although global mortality rates in children under 5 years have decreased substantially in the last 30 years, there remain around 2.6 million stillbirths and 2.9 million neonatal deaths each year. The majority of these deaths occur in Africa and South Asia. To reduce perinatal deaths in East Africa, knowledge of the burden, but also the risk factors and causes of perinatal deaths are crucial. To the best of our knowledge, reviews have previously focused on the burden of perinatal deaths; here we aim to synthesize evidence on the burden, causes, and risk factors for perinatal mortality in East Africa. Methods: We will conduct a systematic literature search in Medline, Web of Science, EMBASE, Global Health, SCOPUS, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, HINARI, African Index Medicus, African Journals Online (AJOL), and WHO African Regional Office (AFRO) Library. We will include studies from 2010 to 2022, and to facilitate the inclusion of up-to-date data, we will request recent data from ongoing surveillance in the region, such as the Child Health and Mortality Prevention Surveillance (CHAMPS) network and Health and Demographic Surveillance sites (HDSS sites). To assess the quality of included studies we will use the Joanna Briggs Institute quality assessment tool for observational and trial studies. We will analyze the data using STATA version 17 statistical software and assess heterogeneity and publication bias by Higgins’ I2 and funnel plot, respectively. Conclusions: This systematic review protocol will search for published studies, and seek unpublished data, on the burden, causes, and risk factors of perinatal mortality in East Africa. Findings will be reported and gaps in the evidence base identified, with recommendations, with the ultimate aim of reducing perinatal deaths.
Health behaviors of patients with ischemic heart disease undergoing early cardiac rehabilitation in the age range of 45-60 years
Authors: Bąk Ewelina , Procner Grażyna 
Published: September 2022

Introduction and purpose of the work: Along with the development of civilization, civilization diseases appear, which take the form of the highest death rates, mainly in the field of cardiovascular diseases. It is largely related to the accumulation of negative consequences of improper health habits, as well as reduced physical activity. The aim of the study was to present the impact of health behaviors on the example of patients with ischemic heart disease treated with the CABG method, undergoing early cardiac rehabilitation at the "Równica" Health Resort in Ustroń, at the 2nd Cardiac Rehabilitation Department.
Materials and methods: The study was conducted among 81 patients, after coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG), rehabilitated at the 2nd Department of Early Cardiac Rehabilitation at the "Równica" Health Resort in Ustroń. The research was conducted from 10.2021 to 02.2022. The Health Behavior Inventory (IZZ) according to Juszczyński and an own questionnaire were used for the research.
Research results: According to the data analysis, Proper Eating Habits scored the highest, followed by Preventive Behavior and Positive Mental Attitude, and the lowest - Health Practices.
Conclusions: Based on the analysis of the conducted research, it can be concluded that people with ischemic heart disease do not care for their health properly. Women and the elderly, as well as physically active people, fare better in this respect.
High energy ball milling – An advanced processing route for effective development of Titanium Aluminide intermetallic alloy through mechanical alloying
Authors: Hussain Ilyas , Immanuel R. J. 
Published: September 2022

Mechanical alloying is traditionally being used for developing novel alloys, which are difficult to prepare by conventional manufacturing routes, through solid state diffusion. It offers unique feature of extended solid solubility resulting in the formation of non-equilibrium immiscible phases that have huge potential in aerospace and defense applications. However, the development of intermetallic class of materials has always been a challenge. Titanium Aluminide, possessing various advantageous properties, has got limited practical usage owing to the difficulty in development. The current research focuses on developing Titanium Aluminide intermetallic material (TiAl) from elemental Aluminumand Titanium powders using high energy planetary ball milling process. The centrifugal force combined with high gravitational counterforce resulted in the formation of intermetallic phase with near stoichiometric ratio. The developed TiAl was subjected to various microstructural and morphological analysis to understand the mechanism of phase formation during the milling process. Results reveal new dimensions for developing intermetallic alloys for various advanced engineering applications.
Polarization-independent long-wave infrared transmission bandpass filters based on guided mode resonance
Authors: Chai Yuwei , Kang Guoguo 
Published: September 2022

Subwavelength dielectric gratings based on guided mode resonances (GMRs) provide a compact, low-cost, and readily fabricable platform for narrowband spectral filters applied in numerous fields, such as sensors, spectrometers, and hyperspectral imaging. We numerically designed two long-wave infrared transmission bandpass filters based on Ge–ZnS–Ge thin film stacks and 2D zero-contrast gratings. The first filter is attributed to double GMR mode coupling, exhibiting a broadband high reflectance between 8 and 12 µm and a narrow transmission peak with a spectral linewidth of 53 nm and transmittance efficiency of 98% at the resonance. The other filter adopts a low-refractive-index material

B
a
F

2

as the substrate, which displays a lower-transmittance sideband from 8.6 to 9.4 µm, and a higher transmission efficiency up to 100% at the resonance. The physical mechanisms of two spectral responses are all relevant to guided mode coupling and Fabry–Perot resonance.
Compact integrated aberration-compensating module for a 9 kW Nd:YAG slab laser based on an off-axis stable-unstable resonator
Authors: Li Wen-Jun , Guo Ya-Ding , Zhang Lin , Shao Chong-Feng , Li Yang , Chen Zhong-Zheng , Wang Xiao-Jun , Bo Yong , Cui Da-Fu , Peng Qin-Jun 
Published: September 2022

An integrated aberration-compensating module (IACM), consisting mainly of an adjustable slab-aberration compensator, a one-dimensional Shack–Hartmann wavefront sensor, and a data processor, which meet the urgent requirements of correcting the specific wavefront aberrations of a slab laser based on an off-axis stable-unstable resonator, is designed and experimentally demonstrated. Benefits include compactness, robustness, simplicity, automation, and cost-effectiveness. The particular wavefront aberrations of the 9 kW level quasi-continuous-wave Nd:YAG slab laser, which have characteristics of asymmetry, large amplitude and gradient, high spatial frequency, and low temporal frequency, were measured and theoretically analyzed. In the experiment, the wavefront aberrations of the slab laser were corrected by the IACM. At the average output power of 9 kW, the diffraction-limited factor

β

was improved from 20.3 times diffraction limit (DL) to 3.6 times DL. The peak-to-valley and root-mean-square values of aberrations were reduced from 9.6 to 0.85 µm and from 2.86 to 0.18 µm within five iterations of the IACM, respectively. Moreover, The IACM is capable of maintaining the compensating surface figure after power-off.
Robust 3D imaging based on regularization by denoising
Authors: Liao Zi-Dong , Lu Zheng , Li Jian , Wang Qin 
Published: September 2022

Reconstructing a 3D image from the photon echo is a challenging task due to spurious detections associated with large amounts of background counts. Here, we propose a robust method for estimating the depth and reflectivity by using regularization by the denoising method, where the block matching and the 3D filtering are adopted as denoisers, and in the meantime, the steepest-descent method is implemented to solve the optimization problem. Experimental data with different signal-to-background ratios and different numbers of photons verify that our method is able to accurately recover 3D images. Compared with other existing methods, such as the maximum likelihood estimation algorithm, the photon efficient algorithm by Shin et al. [IEEE Trans. Comput. Imaging 1, 112 (2015)2333-940310.1109/TCI.2015.2453093], and the ManiPoP algorithm, our method can effectively remove noise while preserving the edge information of depth images, with better depth image estimation and smaller root mean square error, especially at low signal-to-noise ratios. The superiority of this method over other methods is verified on simulated data sets under different conditions.
Noncollinear frequency mixing and fourth-harmonic generation of oppositely chirped laser pulses
Authors: Martyanov Mikhail , Kuzmin Igor , Poteomkin Anatoly , Mironov Sergey 
Published: September 2022

Highly efficient fourth-harmonic generation of 60 µJ, 25 ps chirped (compressible down to 340 fs FWHM) Yb:KGW laser pulses was demonstrated experimentally utilizing noncollinear opposite chirp frequency mixing in Type I beta-barium borate (BBO) and lithium triborate (LBO) crystals as second-harmonic generators followed by collinear frequency doubling in another BBO crystal as a fourth-harmonic generator. Second-harmonic spectral narrowing by a factor over 100 and output UV pulse energy of 10 µJ were achieved.