bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Future air traffic management — passing the key tests
Authors: Brooker P. 
Published: October 2022

Air traffic management (ATM) for commercial traffic will need to
meet major challenges in the coming years. The industry is faced
with many questions, for example:
What ATM system can we realistically expect to have in 2010,
2020 and beyond?What safety improvements should we target for?What business analyses are needed to drive innovation forward?What are the key questions to be answered about the balance of responsibility between air and ground?How do we best address ‘gate-to-gate’ ATM issues?What are the systems architecture problems?
Modelling of the hose and drogue in air-to-air refuelling
Authors: Bloy A. W. , Khan M. M. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractA static model of the hose and drogue used to provide data in a realtime flight simulation of air-to-air refuelling is presented. The model predicts (a) the interference effect of the flow around the nose of a combat receiver aircraft on the pre-contact position of the drogue and (b) the hose shape and the loads induced on the receiver probe during contact. The use of the static model in the pre-contact case is validated for a normal closure speed by comparison with the results from a small perturbation dynamic analysis. At higher closure speed the static model is found to be less satisfactory. In a typical receiver approach a movement of the drogue similar to the drogue radius is predicted.
Velocity corrections in generalised Hohmann and bi-elliptic transfer orbits
Authors: Kamel O. M. , Soliman A. S. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractFor generalised Hohmann and bi-elliptic transfer orbits, we applied small tangential impulses at peri-apse and apo-apse to acquire the precise destination elliptic orbit stemming from an initial orbit. There are four cases for this correctional or improvement process. We take into consideration the first configuration for the time being. We determined the four relationships connecting the increments in major axes and eccentricities with the correctional increments in velocities ΔvA, ΔvB at points A, B for the generalised Hohmann case. We assigned the three relationships - for the bi-elliptic transfer - connecting slight changes in major axes with small increments in velocities at points A, B, C due to motor thrusts.
The compressive buckling performance of anti-symmetric composite laminates and the effect on behaviour of membrane-flexural coupling
Authors: Loughlan J. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe compressive stability of anti-symmetric angle-ply laminated plates with particular reference to the degrading influence of membrane-flexural coupling is reported in this paper. A specific configuration of anti-symmetric laminate is dealt with in the paper and this takes the form [θ/-θ]n whereby 2n is the total number of plies in the laminated stack. With regard to compressive buckling the paper gives an indication that anti-symmetric laminates with 8 plies or more will yield performance levels which are almost identical to their symmetric counterparts. The degree of membrane-flexural coupling in the laminated composite plates is varied, essentially, by changing the ply angle and also by altering the number of plies in the laminated stack, for a given composite material system. The coupled compressive buckling solutions are determined using the finite strip method of analysis. In order to provide an adequate level of flexibility in the analysis procedure and to ensure a high level of accuracy of solution, the buckling displacement fields of the strip formulation are those which are described in a multi-term form.Results are given for anti-symmetric angle-ply laminated plates subjected to uniaxial and biaxial compression and these have been obtained from fully converged finite strip structural models. Validation of the finite strip formulation is indicated in the paper through comparisons with exact solutions where appropriate. The natural half-wavelength of the compressive buckling mode of the composite plates is shown to be significantly influenced by variation in the ply angle. Increasing the number of plies in the laminated system is seen to reduce the degree of coupling and the critical stress levels are noted to tend towards the plate orthotropic solutions. The ply angle corresponding to the optimised, compressive buckling stress for any particular laminate is noted in the paper to be influenced by the support boundary conditions at the plates unloaded edges.
Aerodynamic performances of propellers with parametric considerations on the optimal design
Authors: D’Angelo S. , Berardi F. , Minisci E. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn this paper two numerical procedures are presented: the first algorithm allows for the determination of the geometric characteristics of the maximum efficiency propeller for a given operative condition and profile distribution along the blade; the output of this numerical procedure is the chord distribution and twist angle of the blade, together with its efficiency and its torque and thrust coefficients for the prescribed operative condition. The aerodynamic characteristics of the optimum propeller when operating in a condition different from the design one are obtained by a second algorithm that allows for the evaluation of the efficiency, the thrust and torque coefficients of a propeller of known geometry, when the blade pitch and operative condition are varied.In the paper the formulation used for deriving the geometry of the optimum propeller and determining its performances when operating off-design is described in detail. The results obtained from the proposed propeller model have been validated by comparison with experimental data.
A Review of Ecological Research in Middle America
Authors: Bennett Charles F. 
Published: October 2022

When I first undertook the task of compiling information on ecological research in Middle America it seemed best to concentrate on one facet of this many-faceted science. After some time and reflection, however, I concluded that a greater service would be performed for the reader by an overview of most of the subject area encompassed by ecology. I have attempted to present this overview in the pages that follow.The reader is warned that depth has been sacrificed for breadth and that no attempt to review all the literature has been made. To do so would require far more space than is available. Therefore it is certain that some readers will find missing what they may consider to be a specially important or interesting paper. To them I offer apology.
Racism, Culture and Revolution: Ideology and Politics in the Prose of Nicolás Guillén
Authors: Márquez Roberto 
Published: October 2022

To think of Nicolás Guillén is to be immediately reminded of two observations. The first by José Martí, who, quite aptly argued:
La poesía es durable cuando es obra de todos. … Para sacudir todos los corazones con las vibraciones del propio corazón es preciso recibir de la humanidad los gérmenes e inspiraciones. … Sin estas condiciones, el poeta es planta tropical en clima frío, no puede florecer.
Plus ÇA Change …: The English Edition of Cardoso and Faletto'SDependencia y Desarrollo en América Latina
Authors: Packenham Robert A. 
Published: October 2022

The publication of the English edition of Cardoso and Faletto (1979) is a “happening,” an “event.” Consider the following:Of all the approachesto development, particularly Latin American development, of the last fifteen years, none has had deeper or more pervasive influence, especially in the United States, than the dependency perspective.
Casal's Cuban Counterpoint of Art and Reality
Authors: Schulman Ivan A. 
Published: October 2022

It has been traditional to treat the life and art of Julián del Casal and José Martí as antithetical statements.Si Martí encarna entre nosotros las nupcias del espíritu con la realidad, con la naturaleza y con la tierra misma, Julián del Casal (1863-93) significa todo lo contrario. Su incapacidad radical para asumir la realidad, que unas veces interpreta como signo de “idealismo,” de pureza y anhelo inconciliables con lo mezquino de la circunstancia, y otras, las más, como fatal “impotencia” de su ser, se resuelve en un estado de ánimo dominante: el hastío.
Current Research and Prospects in Andean Ethnohistory
Authors: Murra John V. 
Published: October 2022

In Recent Years Andean Ethnohistory Has Benefitted From Four new developments:First, is the greater accessibility of the classical chronicles, particularly since the Biblioteca de Autores Españoles in Madrid decided in 1956 to reprint Bernabé Cobo'sHistoria del Nuevo Mundowhich had gone out of print decades before. The BAE has since reprinted at reasonable prices many other titles, among them the indispensableRelaciones geográficas de Indias.Anyone who had tried to study pre-European Andean institutions in the libraries at Cuzco, Cuenca or Sucre even ten years ago knows how difficult it was then to check any claim or hypothesis at the source. Students were forced to use third-hand and incomplete references; many others in the Andes were discouraged from pursuing such studies because of the unavailability of the eyewitness or other early accounts.
Activities of the Working Committee on Latin American Data Archives of the Latin American Social Science Council (CLACSO)
Authors: García-Bouza Jorge 
Published: October 2022

On October 14, 1967, the Consejo Latinoamerican de Ciencias Sociales (CLACSO), which includes about forty of the most important social science research institutions in Latin America, was constituted in the city of Bogotá, Colombia.The regulations of the Council provide for the creation of Working Committees devoted to specific tasks in the common interest of member institutions and of social science research in Latin America. Among the first Working Committees to be created was one devoted to the creation, development and modernization of SocialScienceData Archives in the area.
Effects of adultAscaris suumand their antigens (total and trans-cuticular excretory–secretory antigen, cuticular somatic antigen) on intestinal nutrient transportin vivo
Authors: Koehler Sarina , Springer Andrea , Issel Nicole , Klinger Stefanie , Wendt Michael , Breves Gerhard , Strube Christina 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAscaris suumconstitutes a major problem in commercial pig farming worldwide. Lower weight gains in infected pigs probably result from impaired nutrient absorption. This study investigated intestinal nutrient transport in 4 groups of 6 pigs each, which were inoculated with 30 living adultA. suum, or antigen fractions consisting of (1) total excretory–secretory (ES) antigens of adult worms, (2) ES antigens secreted exclusively from the parasites' body surface (trans-cuticular ES) and (3) cuticular somatic antigens ofA. suum, compared to placebo-treated controls. Three days after inoculation into the gastrointestinal tract, glucose, alanine and glycyl-l-glutamine transport was measured in the duodenum, jejunum and ileum using Ussing chambers. Transcription of relevant genes [sodium glucose cotransporter 1 (SGLT1), glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1), GLUT2, hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (Hif1α), interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-13, signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6), peptide transporter 1 (PepT1)] and expression of transport proteins [SGLT1, phosphorylated SGLT1, GLUT2, Na+/K+-ATPase, amino acid transporter A (ASCT1), PepT1] were studied. Although no significant functional changes were noted after exposure to adultA. suum, a significant downregulation of jejunal GLUT1, STAT6, Hif1αand PepT1 transcription as well as ileal GLUT2 and PepT1 expression indicates a negative impact of infection on transport physiology. Therefore, the exposure period of 3 days may have been insufficient for functional alterations to become apparent. In contrast,A. suumantigens mainly induced an upregulation of transport processes and an increase in transcription of relevant genes in the duodenum and jejunum, possibly as a compensatory reaction after a transient downregulation. In the ileum, a consistent pattern of downregulation was observed in all inoculated groups, in line with the hypothesis of impaired nutrient transport.
What Characterizes the Productive Morphosyntax of Norwegian Children with Developmental Language Disorder?
Authors: HÅKANSSON Gisela , WILLIAMS Emily Wanda , KARLSEN Jannicke , TORKILDSEN Janne von Koss 
Published: October 2022

AbstractLittle is known about the productive morphosyntax of Norwegian children with developmental language disorder (DLD). The current study examined morphosyntax in Norwegian-speaking children with DLD (n=19) and a control group that was pairwise matched for age, gender, and intelligence quotient (IQ;n= 19). The children’s sentence repetitions were studied through the lens of Processability Theory. The group differences were largest for grammatical structures at the latest developmental stage of the processability hierarchy. The Norwegian subordinate clause word order, belonging to the latest stage of the processability hierarchy, stood out as particularly challenging for children with DLD. Only 2 children with DLD but 16 children in the control group produced a subordinate clause with subordinate clause word order. Categorization of children’s errors revealed that children with DLD made more errors of all types (addition, omission, substitution, inflection and word order) but especially errors of omission and inflection.
The prevalence of underweight and obesity in CHD. Response to body mass index and age are associated with ventricular end-diastolic pressure in adults with a Fontan circulation
Authors: Anagnostopoulou Andriana , Eleftherakis Nicholaos G. , Karanasios Evangelos 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIntroduction:The aim of the study is to determine the impact of obesity in children with CHD which is severe enough to require invasive catheterisation.Methodology:This is a retrospective study in a cardiac catheterisation laboratory of a large paediatric hospital. The material consisted of 378 children from 2 to 19 years old who underwent heart catheterisation in the years 2011–2019. Their anthropometric data were collected, and the body mass index was calculated. The BMI centile was then calculated according to the Centers for Diseases Control (CDC). They were classified as overweight (85–95th centile), obese (> 95th centile), normal weight (5th–85 centile), and underweight (< 5th centile).Results:18.7% of children were underweight, 54.76% were normal weight, 11.64% were overweight, and 14.81% were obese. Overall, 26.45% of the children were overweight. Boys were more likely to have increased body weight than girls, but the difference was not statistically significant. The percentage of increased weight was similar in children with acyanotic CHD as well as heart disease from other causes. On the contrary, children with cyanotic heart disease were more likely to be younger and have a higher percentage of underweight children.Conclusions:The rates of obesity and overweight in children with CHD depend on the sex, age, and cardiopathy type. In addition, they agree with the findings that have been published in international series studies for children with CHD.
A new era in the diagnosis and treatment of tardive dyskinesia
Authors: Caroff Stanley N. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractTardive dyskinesia (TD) is a heterogeneous, hyperkinetic movement disorder induced by dopamine-receptor blocking agents that presents a unique challenge in the treatment of psychosis. Although acceptance of TD as a serious consequence of antipsychotic treatment was resisted initially, subsequent research by many investigators in psychopharmacology contributed to a rich store of knowledge on many aspects of the disorder. While basic neuroscience investigations continue to deepen our understanding of underlying motor circuitry, past trials of potential treatments of TD focusing on a range of theoretical targets were often inconclusive. Development of newer antipsychotics promised to reduce the risk of TD compared to older drugs, but their improved tolerability unexpectedly enabled an expanding market that paradoxically both increased the absolute number of patients at risk and diminished attention to TD which was relegated to legacy status. Fortunately, development and approval of novel vesicular monoamine transporter inhibitors offered evidence-based symptomatic treatment of TD for the first time and rekindled interest in the disorder. Despite recent progress, many questions remain for future research including the mechanisms underlying TD, genetic predisposition, phenomenological diversity, whether new cases are reversible, how to implement best practices to prevent and treat TD, and whether the development of novel antipsychotics free of the risk of TD is attainable. We owe our patients the aspirational goal of striving for zero prevalence of persistent symptoms of TD in anyone treated for psychosis.
Internet-based cognitive behavioural therapy combined with attentional bias modification training in generalized anxiety disorder: a randomized, controlled multi-session experiment
Authors: Lin Zijiang , Zhang Jiaying , Wu Fenzan , Xu Kewei , Peng Meiliu , Wang Changlv , Yang Chuang , Yang Xinhua , Shen Xinhua , Wang Wei , Liu Yanlong , Chen Li 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackground:Although attentional bias modification training (ABM) and cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) are two effective methods to decrease the symptoms of generalized anxiety disorders (GAD), to date, no randomized controlled trials have yet evaluated the effectiveness of an intervention combining internet-based cognitive behavioural therapy (ICBT) and ABM for adults with GAD.Aims:This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of an intervention combining ICBT and ABM for adults with GAD.Method:Sixty-three participants diagnosed with GAD were randomly assigned to the treatment group (ICBT with ABM; 31 participants) or the control group (ICBT with ABM placebo; 32 participants), and received 8 weeks of treatment and three evaluations. The CBT, ABM and ABM-placebo training were conducted via the internet. The evaluations were conducted at baseline, 8 weeks later, and 1 month later, respectively.Results:Both the treatment and control groups reported significantly reduced anxiety symptoms and attentional bias, with no clear superiority of either intervention. However, the treatment group showed a greater reduction in negative automatic thoughts than the control group after treatment and at 1-month follow-up (η2 = 0.123).Conclusion:The results suggest that although not differing in therapeutic efficacy, the intervention combining ICBT and ABM is superior to the intervention combining ICBT and ABM-placebo in the reduction of negative automatic thoughts. ABM may be a useful augmentation of ICBT on reducing anxiety symptoms.
Implementing the commitment solution via discretionary policy-making
Authors: Hahn Volker 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis paper demonstrates that, in a large class of linear-quadratic models with rational expectations, losses due to time-inconsistency problems can be avoided, as the commitment solution can be implemented by a policy-maker who acts under discretion. We focus on two approaches. First, we show that a non-Markovian, reputational equilibrium that implements the commitment solution always exists. Second, we show how delegation to a policy-maker with an additional objective for the policy instrument can be used to implement the commitment solution via a standard discretionary Markov equilibrium. Implementation is facilitated by the fact that the commitment outcome can be attained irrespective of the weight that the policy-maker assigns to the additional target. Using the standard new Keynesian model as an example, we study the dynamics of the economy under optimal additional output targets as well as optimal interest-rate targets for central banks.
Association between ultra-processed foods consumption and micronutrient intake and diet quality in Iranian adults: a multicentric study
Authors: Haghighatdoost Fahimeh , Hajihashemi Parisa , Mohammadifard Noushin , Najafi Farid , Farshidi Hossein , Lotfizadeh Masoud , Kazemi Tooba , Karimi Simin , Shirani Shahin , Solati Kamal , Sarrafzadegan Nizal 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjective:To identify ultra-processed foods (UPF) contribution to daily energy and nutrient intake in Iranians and examine whether UPF intake is associated with nutrient profile and diet quality.Design:In this cross-sectional study, a validated FFQ was used to evaluate usual dietary intake over the preceding year. NOVA system was applied to categorise foods based on their levels of processing. Diet quality was evaluated using the nutrient adequacy ratio (NAR), Nutrient Rich Food Index (NRF) and hybrid nutrient density.Setting:The LIPOKAP study conducted in five cities of Iran (Isfahan, Birjand, Bandar Abbas, Kermanshah and Shahrekord).Participants:A total of 1994 adults aged ≥18 years were recruited using stratified multistage random cluster sampling method.Results:UPF were responsible for 8·5 % of daily energy intake. In the adjusted model, UPF consumption was inversely associated with carbohydrate, protein, refined and whole grains, fibre, fruit and meat, but was positively linked to energy, total fat, saturated and trans fatty acids and cholesterol. Compared with those in the lowest tertile, individuals in the highest tertile of UPF had smaller NAR for Ca, Mg, Zn, Fe, phosphorus, thiamin, niacin, folate and vitamin C. Both NRF and hybrid nutrient density decreased when the share of daily energy intake from UPF increased.Conclusion:The higher consumption of UPF is associated with poorer diet quality and lower nutrient intake. It is recommended that UPF be replaced with minimally processed foods to improve diet quality and nutrient profile.
Unequal inequalities? How participatory inequalities affect democratic legitimacy
Authors: Christensen Henrik Serup , Huttunen Janette , Malmberg Fredrik , Silagadze Nanuli 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDemocratic theorists have long emphasized the importance of participatory equality, that is, that all citizens should have an equal right to participate. It is still unclear, however, whether ordinary citizens view this principle as central to democracy and how different violations of this principle affect subjective democratic legitimacy. The attitudes of citizens are imperative when it comes to the subjective legitimacy of democratic systems, and it is therefore important to examine how participatory inequalities affect these attitudes. We here contribute to this research agenda with survey experiments embedded in two surveys (n = 324, n = 840). We here examine (1) whether citizens consider participatory inequality to be an important democratic principle, and (2) how gender and educational inequalities affect subjective legitimacy and the perceived usefulness of the participatory input. The results show that citizens generally consider participatory inequalities to be important, but only gender inequalities affect subjective legitimacy and usefulness. Hence it is important to consider the type of inequality to understand the implications.