bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predominance of Inadequate Extent of Vitamin D Amid COVID 19 Patients and Related Threat in India
Authors: Goradwar Vaishnavi Uttam , Rawekar Alka 
Published: January 2022

In 21 st century the COVID-19 pandemic is a serious global health threat. There is no substantiate therapy alternatives accessible hence both the advanced and emerging nations are struggling the load equitably. Contemporary studies indicate the creditability of treatment of Vitamin D also protrusion for COVID-19, in ambience having insufficiency more predominant. Although estimation of Vitamin D isn’t conventional in India, the current analysis aims over the extent of Vitamin D amid coronavirus infection sufferers .
Extent of Vitamin D perhaps appraised in order to diagnose COVID-19 sufferers also assist to alter therapy concordat, relevant pre-emptive intercession of Vitamin D can change seriousness also course course of COVID-19.2Vitamin D inadequacy is more predominance amid COVID-19 patients. Its vital function in COVID-19 sufferers are not obliged to be disesteemed and Vitamin D supplementation amid sufferers can put a stop to exacerbating seriousness of ailment.
Predominance of insufficiency Vitamin D amid COVID-19 sufferers also to arbitrate in case an inadequate extent of Vitamin D is notable threat to COVID-19 has been employed by this cross-sectional study.
Contemporary medicinal cases too revealed appurtenance Vitamin D could lessen the occurrence of short term pulmonary affliction also seriousness of pulmonary tract ailments in grown-up kids. In accordance with thesis exploration , there aren’t alike discovery of medicinal case that has released by 1/7/20, respecting appurtenance of Vitamin D in capability of anticipation ,therapy of coronavirus infection. Over the appraisal , it is sum up that crucial and capable function of Vitamin D metabolic function out of kidney in anticipation also therapy of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, assisting to usher moderately nearer to executing that aim. The focusing points present over are: Vitamin D :may serve a role in forbidding severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 affliction, evaluation of nephritic, metabolic processes outside kidney(extra nephritic) also synchronization, evaluation bimolecular procedure also multidimensional purposes afar skeletal stability, evaluation of confined modification of the immune response in human contagious ailments.
Mechanically Guided Hierarchical Assembly of 3D Mesostructures
Authors: Zhao Hangbo , Cheng Xu , Wu Changsheng , Liu Tzu‐Li , Zhao Qinai , Li Shuo , Ni Xinchen , Yao Shenglian , Han Mengdi , Huang Yonggang , Zhang Yihui , Rogers John A. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract3D, hierarchical micro/nanostructures formed with advanced functional materials are of growing interest due to their broad potential utility in electronics, robotics, battery technology, and biomedical engineering. Among various strategies in 3D micro/nanofabrication, a set of methods based on compressive buckling offers wide‐ranging material compatibility, fabrication scalability, and precise process control. Previously reports on this type of approach rely on a single, planar prestretched elastomeric platform to transform thin‐film precursors with 2D layouts into 3D architectures. The simple planar configuration of bonding sites between these precursors and their assembly substrates prevents the realization of certain types of complex 3D geometries. In this paper, a set of hierarchical assembly concepts is reported that leverage multiple layers of prestretched elastomeric substrates to induce not only compressive buckling of 2D precursors bonded to them but also of themselves, thereby creating 3D mesostructures mounted at multiple levels of 3D frameworks with complex, elaborate configurations. Control over strains used in these processes provides reversible access to multiple different 3D layouts in a given structure. Examples to demonstrate these ideas through both experimental and computational results span vertically aligned helices to closed 3D cages, selected for their relevance to 3D conformal bio‐interfaces and multifunctional microsystems.
Graphene‐Based Bacterial Filtration via Electrostatic Adsorption
Authors: Ahmed Rameez , Vaishampayan Ankita , Achazi Katharina , Grohmann Elisabeth , Haag Rainer , Wagner Olaf 
Published: January 2022

AbstractFlexible graphene oxide (GO) microsheets with attached positively charged polymers, termed GOX microsheets, are efficient at bacterial adsorption, as they bind electrostatically to bacterial membranes’ negative surface charge. The authors explore an antimicrobial water filter application for GOX's extremely high surface area and its previously described efficient bacterial adsorption.Cellulose‐fiber carrier material is functionalized with GOX microsheets to create an adsorption‐based bacteria filtration material. The morphology and charge density (7.8 × 1019 g–1) of the prepared GOX fibers are determined by scanning electron microscopy and dye adsorption assay, and widefield fluorescence microscopy is used to visualize the adsorption of stained Escherichia coli bacterial cells on the fibers. GOX fibers are tested in filtration setups to investigate their bacteria removal performance. The experimental results, with 100 mg of GOX fibers filtering 2.4 × 109 colony‐forming units (CFU) from an E. coli bacterial culture with 99.5% bacterial reduction, demonstrate the fibers’ high bacteria loading capacity. The electrostatic adsorption‐based filtration mechanism allows the filter to be operated at higher flow rates than micropore membrane filters, while maintaining 3‐log bacterial reduction. GOX filter materials removing bacteria via adsorption are a high flow rate alternative to current water filtration processes that rely on size‐exclusion.
Facile Surface Engineering of Composite Electron Transport Layer for Highly Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells with a Fill Factor Exceeding 81%
Authors: Zong Beibei , Deng Jianguo , Sun Qing , Zhang Zizhao , Meng Xiangxin , Shen Bo , Kang Bonan , Silva S. Ravi P. , Lu Geyu 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAfter perovskite became a star material, research on perovskite solar cells (PSCs) became a hot topic and developed rapidly. Electron transport layers (ETLs) with high mobility, low‐defect state, and suitable energy level arrangement dominate the development of planar heterojunction PSCs. In this work, the K+ and Cs+ doped composite SnO2 ETL (x mg KC‐SnO2) by a continuous spin‐coating of the x mg Cs+@KOH and SnO2 aqueous solution shows a substantial improvement in carries extraction, transport and collection properties, leading to the increased fill factor (FF) from 72.48% to 81.00% of the planar heterojunction PSCs, and finally the champion device average efficiency is 21.62%. Moreover, this work improves the interface contacts between ETL/Perovskite, as it reduces energy disorder and simultaneously promotes electron transport, charge extraction at the interface, improve energy level alignment and quasi‐Fermi level splitting, and decreased resistance for charge transfer in the device. In conclusion, this simple and effective method of improving the FF value provides a certain shortcut to the performance of plane heterogeneous perovskite devices.
MoS2/MXene Aerogel with Conformal Heterogeneous Interfaces Tailored by Atomic Layer Deposition for Tunable Microwave Absorption
Authors: Yang Junjie , Wang Jianqiao , Li Huiqin , Wu Ze , Xing Youqiang , Chen Yunfei , Liu Lei 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn the design of electromagnetic (EM) wave absorbing materials, it is still a great challenge to optimize the relationship between the attenuation capability and impedance matching synergistically. Herein, a 3D porous MoS2/MXene hybrid aerogel architecture with conformal heterogeneous interface has been built by atomic layer deposition (ALD) based on specific porous templates to optimize the microwave absorption (MA) performance comprehensively. The original porous structure of pristine Ti3C2Tx aerogel used as templates can be preserved well during ALD fabrication, which prolongs the reflection and scattering path and ameliorates the dielectric loss. Meanwhile, plenty of heterointerfaces between MoS2 and Ti3C2Tx have been fabricated based on conformally ALD‐deposited MoS2 with controlled thickness on the porous surfaces of the templates, which can effectively optimize the impedance matching and transform its response to EM waves from shielding into absorbing. Moreover, the interaction between the attenuation capability and impedance matching can also be modulated by the number of ALD cycle in MoS2 fabrication. After optimization, MoS2/MXene hybrid aerogel obtained under 300 ALD cycles shows a minimum reflection loss of −61.65 dB at the thickness of 4.53 mm. In addition, its preferable lightweight, high surface area, mechanical, and hydrophobicity properties will also be conducive to further practical applications.
Monitoring EPR Effect Dynamics during Nanotaxane Treatment with Theranostic Polymeric Micelles
Authors: Biancacci Ilaria , De Lorenzi Federica , Theek Benjamin , Bai Xiangyang , May Jan‐Niklas , Consolino Lorena , Baues Maike , Moeckel Diana , Gremse Felix , von Stillfried Saskia , El Shafei Asmaa , Benderski Karina , Azadkhah Shalmani Armin , Wang Alec , Momoh Jeffrey , Peña Quim , Buhl Eva Miriam , Buyel Johannes , Hennink Wim , Kiessling Fabian , Metselaar Josbert , Shi Yang , Lammers Twan 
Published: January 2022

AbstractCancer nanomedicines rely on the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect for efficient target site accumulation. The EPR effect, however, is highly heterogeneous among different tumor types and cancer patients and its extent is expected to dynamically change during the course of nanochemotherapy. Here the authors set out to longitudinally study the dynamics of the EPR effect upon single‐ and double‐dose nanotherapy with fluorophore‐labeled and paclitaxel‐loaded polymeric micelles. Using computed tomography‐fluorescence molecular tomography imaging, it is shown that the extent of nanomedicine tumor accumulation is predictive for therapy outcome. It is also shown that the interindividual heterogeneity in EPR‐based tumor accumulation significantly increases during treatment, especially for more efficient double‐dose nanotaxane therapy. Furthermore, for double‐dose micelle therapy, tumor accumulation significantly increased over time, from 7% injected dose per gram (ID g–1) upon the first administration to 15% ID g–1 upon the fifth administration, contributing to more efficient inhibition of tumor growth. These findings shed light on the dynamics of the EPR effect during nanomedicine treatment and they exemplify the importance of using imaging in nanomedicine treatment prediction and clinical translation.
circVAMP3 Drives CAPRIN1 Phase Separation and Inhibits Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Suppressing c‐Myc Translation
Authors: Chen Shuai , Cao Xiaofei , Zhang Jinyang , Wu Wanying , Zhang Bing , Zhao Fangqing 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPrevious studies have identified the regulatory roles of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in human cancers. However, the molecular mechanisms of circRNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain largely unknown. This study screens the expression profile of circRNAs in HCC and identifies circVAMP3 as a significantly downregulated circRNA in HCC tissues. HCC patients with low circVAMP3 expression present poor prognosis. circVAMP3 negatively regulates the proliferation and metastasis of HCC cells in vitro and in vivo by driving phase separation of CAPRIN1 and promoting stress granule formation in cells, which can downregulate the protein level of Myc proto‐oncogene protein by inhibiting c‐Myc translation. Furthermore, circVAMP3 is widely expressed in many human tissues and is downregulated in related cancers. Therefore, circVAMP3 is a potential prognostic indicator for HCC and may serve as a therapeutic target for HCC treatment.
Dynamic Ultrasound Projector Controlled by Light
Authors: Ma Zhichao , Joh Hyungmok , Fan Donglei Emma , Fischer Peer 
Published: January 2022

AbstractDynamic acoustic wavefront control is essential for many acoustic applications, including biomedical imaging and particle manipulation. Conventional methods are either static or in the case of phased transducer arrays are limited to a few elements and hence limited control. Here, a dynamic acoustic wavefront control method based on light patterns that locally trigger the generation of microbubbles is introduced. As a small gas bubble can effectively stop ultrasound transmission in a liquid, the optical images are used to drive a short electrolysis and form microbubble patterns. The generation of microbubbles is controlled by structured light projection at a low intensity of 65 mW cm–2 and only requires about 100 ms. The bubble pattern is thus able to modify the wavefront of acoustic waves from a single transducer. The method is employed to realize an acoustic projector that can generate various acoustic images and patterns, including multiple foci and acoustic phase gradients. Hydrophone scans show that the acoustic field after the modulation by the microbubble pattern forms according to the prediction. It is believed that combining a versatile optical projector to realize an ultrasound projector is a general scheme, which can benefit a multitude of applications based on dynamic acoustic fields.
Deep‐dLAMP: Deep Learning‐Enabled Polydisperse Emulsion‐Based Digital Loop‐Mediated Isothermal Amplification
Authors: Chen Linzhe , Ding Jingyi , Yuan Hao , Chen Chi , Li Zida 
Published: January 2022

AbstractDigital nucleic acid amplification tests enable absolute quantification of nucleic acids, but the generation of uniform compartments and reading of the fluorescence requires specialized instruments that are costly, limiting their widespread applications. Here, the authors report deep learning‐enabled polydisperse emulsion‐based digital loop‐mediated isothermal amplification (deep‐dLAMP) for label‐free, low‐cost nucleic acid quantification. deep‐dLAMP performs LAMP reaction in polydisperse emulsions and uses a deep learning algorithm to segment and determine the occupancy status of each emulsion in images based on precipitated byproducts. The volume and occupancy data of the emulsions are then used to infer the nucleic acid concentration based on the Poisson distribution. deep‐dLAMP can accurately predict the sizes and occupancy status of each emulsion and provide accurate measurements of nucleic acid concentrations with a limit of detection of 5.6 copies µl‐1 and a dynamic range of 37.2 to 11000 copies µl‐1. In addition, deep‐dLAMP shows robust performance under various parameters, such as the vortexing time and image qualities. Leveraging the state‐of‐the‐art deep learning models, deep‐dLAMP represents a significant advancement in digital nucleic acid tests by significantly reducing the instrument cost. We envision deep‐dLAMP would be readily adopted by biomedical laboratories and be developed into a point‐of‐care digital nucleic acid test system.
Application of Raman Spectroscopy for Sorption Analysis of Functionalized Porous Materials
Authors: Lipinski Gregor , Jeong Kwanghee , Moritz Katharina , Petermann Marcus , May Eric F. , Stanwix Paul L. , Richter Markus 
Published: January 2022

AbstractFunctionalized porous materials could play a key role in improving the efficiency of gas separation processes as required by applications such as carbon capture and storage (CCS) and across the hydrogen value chain. Due to the large number of different functionalizations, new experimental approaches are needed to determine if an adsorbent is suitable for a specific separation task. Here, it is shown for the first time that Raman spectroscopy is an efficient tool to characterize the adsorption capacity and selectivity of translucent functionalized porous materials at high pressures, whereby translucence is the precondition to study mass transport inside of a material. As a proof of function, the performance of three silica ionogels to separate an equimolar (hydrogen + carbon dioxide) gas mixture is determined by both accurate gravimetric sorption measurements and Raman spectroscopy, with the observed consistency establishing the latter as a novel measurement technique for the determination of adsorption capacity. These results encourage the use of the spectroscopic approach as a rapid screening method for translucent porous materials, particularly since only very small amounts of sample are required.
TiO2 as Second Phase in Na3Zr2Si2PO12 to Suppress Dendrite Growth in Sodium Metal Solid‐State Batteries
Authors: Gao Zhonghui , Yang Jiayi , Li Guanchen , Ferber Thimo , Feng Junrun , Li Yuyu , Fu Haoyu , Jaegermann Wolfram , Monroe Charles W. , Huang Yunhui 
Published: January 2022

AbstractSolid‐state sodium–metal batteries will not achieve reasonable power density without electrolytes that solve the dendrite (filamentation) problem. Metal‐filament formation during plating at ceramic/metal interfaces can cause electrical failure by internal short‐circuit or mechanical failure by electrolyte fracture. Herein, an Na3Zr2Si2PO12 (NZSP) sodium‐ion‐conducting NASICON electrolyte in which TiO2 is incorporated as an additive is presented, leading to a two‐phase composite NZSP(TiO2) with improved density, Young's modulus, hardness, grain structure, and bulk permittivity. These features of NZSP(TiO2) suppress dendrite growth along grain boundaries, microcracks, and micropores. As well as demonstrating ultralow ceramic/Na kinetic resistance with electrochemical measurements, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy is performed to probe interfacial reaction mechanisms. The TiO2 phase forms within grain boundaries and along NZSP surfaces. This modifies the two‐phase material's microstructure and improves its electrochemical performance, while also increasing the critical current density for dendrite formation. Design guidelines are discussed to mitigate microscopic defects and dendrites in two‐phase ceramic electrolytes.
Hydrogen production via chemical looping dry reforming of methane: Process modeling and systems analysis
Authors: Mantripragada Hari C. , Veser Götz 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe present study presents and analyses a family of “chemical looping dry reforming” (CLDR) processes that produce inherently separated syngas (H2 and CO) streams via a combination of methane cracking in a “cracker reactor” and the Boudouard reaction (i.e., conversion of the formed carbon with CO2 to CO) in a “CO2 reactor,” and then further maximize the H2 yield via conversion of the produced CO via water‐gas‐shift. Remaining CO2 emissions are minimized via CO2 capture and sequestration. Four different configurations are evaluated which differ in how the heat required for the highly endothermic dry reforming reaction is supplied: (i) combustion of additional CH4 feed (CLDR‐CH4); (ii) combustion of some of the CO produced in the CO2 reactor (CLDR‐CO); and combustion of some of the carbon produced in the cracker reactor with (iii) pure oxygen (CLDR‐C‐oxy); or (iv) with air (CLDR‐C‐air). Process models are developed to comparatively analyze the mass and energy balances of these configurations, and benchmark them against H2‐production via conventional dry reforming and steam reforming of methane. Our results show that CLDR‐C‐oxy is the most promising H2‐production pathway among the chemical looping and conventional technologies both in terms of chemical energy efficiency and in terms CO2 emissions. Thus, the unique flexibility offered by the production of inherently separated syngas streams in CLDR enables overcoming the disadvantage of the strongly endothermic dry reforming reaction by combusting carbon internally in the reactor and thus achieving highly effective heat integration. Overall, the results support the technical viability and demonstrate the promise for strong process intensification of CLDR compared to conventional dry reforming and even steam reforming, the most widely used H2‐production pathway to‐date.
Steric effects of alkyl dibenzothiophenes: The root cause of frustrating efficacy of heterogeneous desulfurization for real diesel
Authors: Li Ao , Song Hongyan , Meng Hong , Lu Yingzhou , Li Chunxi 
Published: January 2022

AbstractHigh‐carbon alkyl dibenzothiophenes (DBTs) in real diesel are difficult to remove. Their steric effect has been studied and identified as the controlling factor in heterogeneous catalytic oxidation desulfurization (ODS) process. Mixed alkyl DBTs (C2‐DBT, C2‐C2‐DBT, C3‐DBT, and C3‐C3‐DBT) were synthesized via DBT's Friedel–Crafts alkylation, and their reactivity is DBT > C2‐DBT > C2‐C2‐DBT > C3‐DBT > C3‐C3‐DBT. C3‐DBT, C2‐C2‐DBT, and C3‐C3‐DBT can be hardly removed by any of three efficient heterogeneous ODS processes, but are removed efficiently in a homogeneous ODS process of HAc‐HPW‐H2O2, which contrasts the great importance of their steric effects in heterogeneous catalytic process. Thus, the frustrating efficacy of various ODS processes for real diesel is likely originated from the unidentified high‐carbon alkyl DBTs and their least reactivity in heterogeneous catalytic systems. And, the steric hindrance is diminished greatly in a homogeneous catalytic process. The results are instructive for the development of new catalysts and catalytic ODS processes for real diesel.
Enhanced hydrate formation under mild conditions using a novel spiral‐agitated reactor
Authors: Zhang Guodong , Shi Xiaoyun , Wang Fei 
Published: January 2022

AbstractHydrate‐based solidified natural gas (SNG) technology provides a promising approach to store and transport natural gas, but demanding formation conditions and low methane storage capacity limit its application. Here, we presented a novel spiral‐agitated reactor, and hydrate formation in pure water and amino acid systems was evaluated. It is worth to highlight that spiral agitation significantly enhances initial hydrate grow kinetics, and satisfied methane uptake of 134.9 V/V was obtained under a mild condition (4.3 MPa, 275.15 K, and 30 rpm). Impressively, when amino acids were introduced, late hydrate growth was greatly improved because of secondary uptake, and a large methane uptake (145.97 V/V) was obtained under a milder condition (3.8 MPa, 275.15 K, and 60 rpm), which increases by 82.97% comparing to that in pure water systems. These findings provide a new insight (synergistic effect of spiral agitation and amino acids) on enhanced hydrate production under extremely mild conditions.
Inborn error of metabolism patients after liver transplantation: Outcomes of 35 patients over 27 years in one pediatric quaternary hospital
Authors: Pritchard Amanda Barone , Izumi Kosuke , Payan‐Walters Irma , Yudkoff Marc , Rand Elizabeth B. , Bhoj Elizabeth 
Published: January 2022

AbstractLiver transplantation (LT) has been used for many years as a therapeutic option for certain inborn errors of metabolism (IEMs). Here we present one institution's 27 years of experience with LT in IEMs. Our objective is to assess the outcomes of IEM patients who have undergone LT, which we hypothesize to be generally successful for prevention of metabolic decompensation. A retrospective chart review was performed on patients with urea cycle defects, organic acidemias, and amino acidopathies who underwent LT at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia. Thirty‐five patients with the following conditions have undergone LT: tyrosinemia (8), methylmalonic acidemia (7), maple syrup urine disease (6), citrullinemia (6), ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency (4), propionic acidemia (2), and argininosuccinate lyase deficiency (2). Average age at transplantation was 3.6 years. Three patients are now deceased. One patient suffered a metabolic stroke posttransplant. No episodes of metabolic decompensation have been noted. Thirty‐five patients received LT with generally favorable outcome. None sustained metabolic decompensation posttransplant. As has been reported previously, LT does not ameliorate pre‐existing developmental differences or risk to other organ systems. Further research is needed to aid in standardization of care and follow‐up, as most patients no longer follow with a geneticist.