bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of a prediction model on preeclampsia using machine learning-based method: a retrospective cohort study in China
Authors: Liu Mengyuan , Yang Xiaofeng , Chen Guolu , Ding Yuzhen , Shi Meiting , Sun Lu , Huang Zhengrui , Liu Jia , Liu Tong , Yan Ruiling , Li Ruiman 
Published: August 2022

Objective: The aim of this study was to use machine learning methods to analyze all available clinical and laboratory data obtained during prenatal screening in early pregnancy to develop predictive models in preeclampsia (PE).Material and Methods: Data were collected by retrospective medical records review. This study used 5 machine learning algorithms to predict the PE: deep neural network (DNN), logistic regression (LR), support vector machine (SVM), decision tree (DT), and random forest (RF). Our model incorporated 18 variables including maternal characteristics, medical history, prenatal laboratory results, and ultrasound results. The area under the receiver operating curve (AUROC), calibration and discrimination were evaluated by cross-validation.Results: Compared with other prediction algorithms, the RF model showed the highest accuracy rate. The AUROC of RF model was 0.86 (95% CI 0.80–0.92), the accuracy was 0.74 (95% CI 0.74–0.75), the precision was 0.82 (95% CI 0.79–0.84), the recall rate was 0.42 (95% CI 0.41–0.44), and Brier score was 0.17 (95% CI 0.17–0.17).Conclusion: The machine learning method in our study automatically identified a set of important predictive features, and produced high predictive performance on the risk of PE from the early pregnancy information.
Role of preoperative prediction of microvascular invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma based on the texture of FDG PET image: A comparison of quantitative metabolic parameters and MRI
Authors: Shi Huazheng , Duan Ying , Shi Jie , Zhang Wenrui , Liu Weiran , Shen Bixia , Liu Fufu , Mei Xin , Li Xiaoxiao , Yuan Zheng 
Published: August 2022

Objective: To investigate the role of prediction microvascular invasion (mVI) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by 18F-FDG PET image texture analysis and hybrid criteria combining PET/CT and multi-parameter MRI.Materials and methods: Ninety-seven patients with HCC who received the examinations of MRI and 18F-FDG PET/CT were retrospectively included in this study and were randomized into training and testing cohorts. The lesion image texture features of 18F-FDG PET were extracted using MaZda software. The optimal predictive texture features of mVI were selected, and the classification procedure was conducted. The predictive performance of mVI by radiomics classier in training and testing cohorts was respectively recorded. Next, the hybrid model was developed by integrating the 18F-FDG PET image texture, metabolic parameters, and MRI parameters to predict mVI through logistic regression. Furthermore, the diagnostic performance of each time was recorded.Results: The 18F-FDG PET image radiomics classier showed good predicted performance in both training and testing cohorts to discriminate HCC with/without mVI, with an AUC of 0.917 (95% CI: 0.824–0.970) and 0.771 (95% CI: 0.578, 0.905). The hybrid model, which combines radiomics classier, SUVmax, ADC, hypovascular arterial phase enhancement pattern on contrast-enhanced MRI, and non-smooth tumor margin, also yielded better predictive performance with an AUC of 0.996 (95% CI: 0.939, 1.000) and 0.953 (95% CI: 0.883, 1.000). The differences in AUCs between radiomics classier and hybrid classier were significant in both training and testing cohorts (DeLong test, both p &lt; 0.05).Conclusion: The radiomics classier based on 18F-FDG PET image texture and the hybrid classier incorporating 18F-FDG PET/CT and MRI yielded good predictive performance, which might provide a precise prediction of HCC mVI preoperatively.
Feasibility of telepsychology support for patients with advanced cardiorespiratory diseases and their caregivers
Authors: Gazzi Lidia , Comini Laura , Scalvini Simonetta , Taccolini Irene , Vitacca Michele 
Published: August 2022

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to test the feasibility of telepsychology support for patients with severe cardiorespiratory disease and their caregivers. A secondary objective was to explore pre-post relationships between patients' and caregivers' clinical measures.MethodsA telehealth program incorporating telepsychology support, i.e., an “on-demand” phone service with a psychologist, was provided to consecutive cardiorespiratory patients at discharge from inpatient rehabilitation and to their caregivers. At the start and end of the 1-year program, participants were interviewed “face-to-face,” and their anxiety/depression level, patients' quality of life (MRF-28, SF-36, and MQOL), and caregivers' (n = 18) family strain (FSQ) and needs (CNA) were assessed: we analyzed the correlations and evaluated customer satisfaction.ResultsOf 80 eligible individuals, 40 took part in this study: 22 patients (FVC = 39 ± 14%; EF = 39 ± 13%) and 18 caregivers. Eleven (28%, 6 patients and 5 caregivers) requested tele-psychological support, resulting in 51 consultations focused on anxiety, difficulty in patient management, worry about the patient's emotional state, and need for emotional support; 3 participants underwent a tailored psychotherapy program. All participants expressed high satisfaction with the service. At enrolment, anxiety was less evident in patients (73% men) than in caregivers, while depressive symptoms were more evident (6.5 ± 3.1), and correlated with MRF-28 and MQOL. Caregivers' (94% women) FSQ showed a “strongly recommended” need for support; at enrolment, high levels of anxiety/depression were correlated with high FSQ (for both, p &lt; 0.05); depressive symptoms correlated negatively with age (p = 0.025) and positively with emotional needs (p = 0.025); anxiety was positively correlated with education level (p = 0.048). At follow-up, patients' perception of support (n = 13/22) tended to increase (p = 0.089), while caregivers' strain (n = 10/18) tended to decline (to within the “range of attention”). At enrolment, caregivers' anxiety/depression and strain correlated with patients' quality of life (for both; p &lt; 0.05). At follow-up, caregivers' strain correlated with patients' quality of life (p = 0.028) and cognitive performance (p = 0.048).ConclusionTelepsychology support associated with a telehealth service is feasible and satisfying for both participants and psychological management. A suitable support program can benefit both patients and caregivers, particularly those at higher risk of depressive symptoms (younger caregivers) and anxiety (all caregivers).
Prevalence, increase and predictors of family violence during the COVID-19 pandemic, using modern machine learning approaches
Authors: Todorovic Kristina , O’Leary Erin , Ward Kaitlin P. , Devarasetty Pratyush P. , Lee Shawna J. , Knox Michele , Andari Elissar 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundWe are facing an ongoing pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which is causing detrimental effects on mental health, including disturbing consequences on child maltreatment and intimate partner violence.MethodsWe sought to identify predictors of child maltreatment and intimate partner violence from 380 participants (mean age 36.67 ± 10.61, 63.2% male; Time 3: June 2020) using modern machine learning analysis (random forest and SHAP values). We predicted that COVID-related factors (such as days in lockdown), parents’ psychological distress during the pandemic (anxiety, depression), their personality traits, and their intimate partner relationship will be key contributors to child maltreatment. We also examined if there is an increase in family violence during the pandemic by using an additional cohort at two time points (Time 1: March 2020, N = 434; mean age 35.67 ± 9.85, 41.69% male; and Time 2: April 2020, N = 515; mean age 35.3 ± 9.5, 34.33%).ResultsFeature importance analysis revealed that parents’ affective empathy, psychological well-being, outdoor activities with children as well as a reduction in physical fights between partners are strong predictors of a reduced risk of child maltreatment. We also found a significant increase in physical punishment (Time 3: 66.26%) toward children, as well as in physical (Time 3: 36.24%) and verbal fights (Time 3: 41.08%) among partners between different times.ConclusionUsing modernized predictive algorithms, we present a spectrum of features that can have influential weight on prediction of child maltreatment. Increasing awareness about family violence consequences and promoting parenting programs centered around mental health are imperative.
The impact of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors use on the clinical outcomes in critically ill patients with COVID-19: A multicenter, cohort study
Authors: Al Sulaiman Khalid , Aljuhani Ohoud , Korayem Ghazwa B. , Altebainawi Ali F. , Al Harbi Shmeylan , Al Shaya Abdulrahman , Badreldin Hisham A. , Kensara Raed , Alharthi Abdullah F. , Alghamdi Jahad , Alawad Ahad , Alotaibi Rand , Kharbosh Abdullah , Al Muqati Hessa , Alhuwahmel Abdulmohsen , Almusallam Mohammed , Albarrak Ghada , Al Sulaihim Ibrahim , Alanazi Bader , Al-Dosari Bodoor S. , Vishwakarma Ramesh , Alsaeedi Alawi S. , Al Ghamdi Ghassan , Alkofide Hadeel , Al-Dorzi Hasan M. 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundThe cardiovascular complications of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) may be attributed to the hyperinflammatory state leading to increased mortality in patients with COVID-19. HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors (statins) are known to have pleiotropic and anti-inflammatory effects and may have antiviral activity along with their cholesterol-lowering activity. Thus, statin therapy is potentially a potent adjuvant therapy in COVID-19 infection. This study investigated the impact of statin use on the clinical outcome of critically ill patients with COVID-19.MethodsA multicenter, retrospective cohort study of all adult critically ill patients with confirmed COVID-19 who were admitted to Intensive Care Units (ICUs) between March 1, 2020, and March 31, 2021. Eligible patients were classified into two groups based on the statin use during ICU stay and were matched with a propensity score based on patient's age and admission APACHE II and SOFA scores. The primary endpoint was in-hospital mortality, while 30 day mortality, ventilator-free days (VFDs) at 30 days, and ICU complications were secondary endpoints.ResultsA total of 1,049 patients were eligible; 502 patients were included after propensity score matching (1:1 ratio). The in-hospital mortality [hazard ratio 0.69 (95% CI 0.54, 0.89), P = 0.004] and 30-day mortality [hazard ratio 0.75 (95% CI 0.58, 0.98), P = 0.03] were significantly lower in patients who received statin therapy on multivariable cox proportional hazards regression analysis. Moreover, patients who received statin therapy had lower odds of hospital-acquired pneumonia [OR 0.48 (95% CI 0.32, 0.69), P &lt; 0.001], lower levels of inflammatory markers on follow-up, and no increased risk of liver injury.ConclusionThe use of statin therapy during ICU stay in critically ill patients with COVID-19 may have a beneficial role and survival benefit with a good safety profile.
Oscillatory properties of class C notifiable infectious diseases in China from 2009 to 2021
Authors: Cao Yanxiang , Li Meijia , Haihambo Naem , Zhu Yuyao , Zeng Yimeng , Jin Jianhua , Qiu Jinyi , Li Zhirui , Liu Jiaxin , Teng Jiayi , Li Sixiao , Zhao Yanan , Zhao Xixi , Wang Xuemei , Li Yaqiong , Feng Xiaoyang , Han Chuanliang 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundEpidemics of infectious diseases have a great negative impact on people's daily life. How it changes over time and what kind of laws it obeys are important questions that researchers are always interested in. Among the characteristics of infectious diseases, the phenomenon of recrudescence is undoubtedly of great concern. Understanding the mechanisms of the outbreak cycle of infectious diseases could be conducive for public health policies to the government.MethodIn this study, we collected time-series data for nine class C notifiable infectious diseases from 2009 to 2021 using public datasets from the National Health Commission of China. Oscillatory power of each infectious disease was captured using the method of the power spectrum analysis.ResultsWe found that all the nine class C diseases have strong oscillations, which could be divided into three categories according to their oscillatory frequencies each year. Then, we calculated the oscillation power and the average number of infected cases of all nine diseases in the first 6 years (2009–2015) and the next 6 years (2015–2021) since the update of the surveillance system. The change of oscillation power is positively correlated to the change in the number of infected cases. Moreover, the diseases that break out in summer are more selective than those in winter.ConclusionOur results enable us to better understand the oscillation characteristics of class C infectious diseases and provide guidance and suggestions for the government's prevention and control policies.
Which one? A comparative study of traditional and sports uniforms on academic achievement, cognitive performance, playtime, bullying, and discrimination in adolescents: The Cogni-Action Project
Authors: Cristi-Montero Carlos , Solis-Urra Patricio , Sanchez-Martinez Javier , Olivares-Arancibia Jorge , Hernández-Jaña Sam , Gajardo-Araya Guillermo , Palma-Leal Ximena , Sadarangani Kabir P. , Portela Estinto Matias , Encina Yonatan , Alvarez Cristian , Delgado-Floody Pedro , Aguilar-Farias Nicolas , Ferrari Gerson , Mahecha-Matsudo Sandra , Zavala-Crichton Juan Pablo , Ibarra-Mora Jessica , Parra-Saldías Maribel , Nanjarí-Miranda Rodrigo , Rodríguez-Rodríguez Fernando 
Published: August 2022

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to compare academic achievement, cognitive performance, playtime, bullying, and discrimination in adolescents according to traditional uniforms (TUs) and sports uniforms (SUs) worn at school, while simultaneously exploring the influence of the school vulnerability index.MethodsA total of 988 Chilean adolescents (52.6% boys) aged 10–14 years participated in this cross-sectional study. Academic achievement was evaluated by the average grade in maths, language, and science grades, while cognitive performance was assessed through eight cognitive tasks. TUs affecting physical activity, playtime, bullying, and discrimination were queried. Mixed model analyses were performed.ResultsNo differences were observed in academic achievement (TU: 5.4 ± 0.1 vs. SU: 5.5 ± 0.2, p = 0.785) or in cognitive performance (TU: 99.6 ± 0.8 vs. SU: 98.9 ± 1.8, p= 0.754) according to the school uniformtype. Moreover, 64.1 % of participants declared that wearing TU affects their physical activity (traditional uniforms: + 8 min and sports uniforms: + 20 min), and those who believed so spent more time playing than those who answered negatively (14.5 min, p = 0.012). Finally, adolescents wearing SU displayed a lower feeling of bullying and discrimination; this finding depended mainly on the school's vulnerability.ConclusionIt is concluded that wearing TU does not show an educational advantage at an academic and cognitive level that justifies its obligation. In addition, it could be suggested that schools consider adolescents' opinions in adopting a more comfortable uniform, such as the SU. This feasible and low-cost measure would help to increase adolescents' physical activity during the school day, and, contrary to belief, it would not be related to increased feelings of bullying and discrimination.
Transmissibility, hospitalization, and intensive care admissions due to omicron compared to delta variants of SARS-CoV-2 in Catalonia: A cohort study and ecological analysis
Authors: Català Martí , Coma Ermengol , Alonso Sergio , Andrés Cristina , Blanco Ignacio , Antón Andrés , Bordoy Antoni E. , Cardona Pere-Joan , Fina Francesc , Martró Elisa , Medina Manuel , Mora Núria , Saludes Verónica , Prats Clara , Prieto-Alhambra Daniel , Alvarez-Lacalle Enrique 
Published: August 2022

PurposeWe aim to compare the severity of infections between omicron and delta variants in 609,352 SARS-CoV-2 positive cases using local hospitalization, vaccination, and variants data from the Catalan Health Care System (which covers around 7. 8 million people).MethodsWe performed a substitution model to establish the increase in transmissibility of omicron using variant screening data from primary care practices (PCP) and hospital admissions. In addition, we used this data from PCP to establish the two periods when delta and omicron were, respectively, dominant (above 95% of cases). After that, we performed a population-based cohort analysis to calculate the rates of hospital and intensive care unit (ICU) admissions for both periods and to estimate reduction in severity. Rate ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated and stratified by age and vaccination status. In a second analysis, the differential substitution model in primary care vs. hospitals allowed us to obtain a population-level average change in severity.ResultsWe have included 48,874 cases during the delta period and 560,658 during the omicron period. During the delta period, on average, 3.8% of the detected cases required hospitalization for COVID-19. This percentage dropped to 0.9% with omicron [RR of 0.46 (95% CI: 0.43 to 0.49)]. For ICU admissions, it dropped from 0.8 to 0.1% [RR 0.25 (95% CI: 0.21 to 0.28)]. The proportion of cases hospitalized or admitted to ICU was lower in the vaccinated groups, independently of the variant. Omicron was associated with a reduction in risk of admission to hospital and ICU in all age and vaccination status strata. The differential substitution models showed an average RR between 0.19 and 0.50.ConclusionBoth independent methods consistently show an important decrease in severity for omicron relative to delta. The systematic reduction happens regardless of age. The severity is also reduced for non-vaccinated and vaccinated groups, but it remains always higher in the non-vaccinated population. This suggests an overall reduction in severity, which could be intrinsic to the omicron variant. The fact is that the RR in ICU admission is systematically smaller than in hospitalization points in the same direction.
Prostatic arterial embolization as a micro-invasive treatment option for benign prostatic obstruction: A subtle balance between short-term follow-up patient-reported outcomes and de-obstructive effectiveness
Authors: Bertolo Riccardo , Cipriani Chiara , Giuliani Maria Silvia , Maiorino Francesco , Vittori Matteo , Carilli Marco , Signoretti Marta , Minucci Sergio , Bove Pierluigi 
Published: August 2022

PurposeThe study evaluated the effectiveness of prostatic arterial embolization (PAE) in the relief of benign prostatic obstruction (BPO) beyond the patient-reported outcomes.MethodsRetrospective evaluation of patients who underwent PAE (March 2015–December 2019). All patients underwent prostate MRI to assess prostate volume (PVol), uroflowmetry to assess Qmax, and were administered IPSS + QoL. MRI, and IPSS were repeated 3 months postoperatively. Patients were contacted for urological consultation, including uroflowmetry with post-voiding residual volume (PVR), IPSS + QoL. Additionally, patient satisfaction was assessed. Sexual function, including ejaculation and complications, was recorded.ResultsFifty-two patients were analyzed. At baseline, PVol was 66 ml (IQR 48–67), Qmax 13.5 ml/s (IRQ 11.5–19), IPSS 23 (IQR 18–25), and QoL 4.5 (IQR 4–5). At 3-month follow-up, MRI showed a 27% (IQR 18–36) reduction in PVol (p &lt;0.001). The IPSS decreased by 81% (IQR 58–91, p &lt;0.001). At a median follow-up of 14 months (IQR 10.5–27.5), IPSS decreased by 40% (IQR 26–54, p &lt;0.001) and QoL by 50% (IQR 20–75, p = 0.002) versus baseline. The absolute Qmax was 12.2 ml/s (IQR 9.5–14). Median %variation of Qmax vs baseline was −7.3% (IQR −33.9; +25.5, p = 0.7). All sexually active patients maintained ejaculation. Thirty-eight (73%) were satisfied with the treatment they received. One patient reported post-operative erectile dysfunction. All patients who were counseled for adjuvant endoscopic treatment refused surgery except for one.ConclusionIn our analysis, PAE provided significant improvement in the short-term follow-up patient-reported outcomes. Most patients were satisfied, and ejaculation was maintained. On the other hand, the effectiveness of PAE on the relief of BPO seemed virtually intangible in most of the cases.
Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography enhanced by virtual reality as a novel tool to improve the understanding of biliary anatomy and the teaching of surgical trainees
Authors: Staubli Sebastian M. , Maloca Peter , Kuemmerli Christoph , Kunz Julia , Dirnberger Amanda S. , Allemann Andreas , Gehweiler Julian , Soysal Savas , Droeser Raoul , Däster Silvio , Hess Gabriel , Raptis Dimitri , Kollmar Otto , von Flüe Markus , Bolli Martin , Cattin Philippe 
Published: August 2022

ObjectiveThe novel picture archiving and communication system (PACS), compatible with virtual reality (VR) software, displays cross-sectional images in VR. VR magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) was tested to improve the anatomical understanding and intraoperative performance of minimally invasive cholecystectomy (CHE) in surgical trainees.DesignWe used an immersive VR environment to display volumetric MRCP data (Specto VRTM). First, we evaluated the tolerability and comprehensibility of anatomy with a validated simulator sickness questionnaire (SSQ) and examined anatomical landmarks. Second, we compared conventional MRCP and VR MRCP by matching three-dimensional (3D) printed models and identifying and measuring common bile duct stones (CBDS) using VR MRCP. Third, surgical trainees prepared for CHE with either conventional MRCP or VR MRCP, and we measured perioperative parameters and surgical performance (validated GOALS score).SettingThe study was conducted out at Clarunis, University Center for Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease, Basel, Switzerland.ParticipantsFor the first and second study step, doctors from all specialties and years of experience could participate. In the third study step, exclusively surgical trainees were included. Of 74 participating clinicians, 34, 27, and 13 contributed data to the first, second, and third study phases, respectively.ResultsAll participants determined the relevant biliary structures with VR MRCP. The median SSQ score was 0.75 (IQR: 0, 3.5), indicating good tolerability. Participants selected the corresponding 3D printed model faster and more reliably when previously studying VR MRCP compared to conventional MRCP: We obtained a median of 90 s (IQR: 55, 150) and 72.7% correct answers with VR MRCP versus 150 s (IQR: 100, 208) and 49.6% correct answers with conventional MRCP, respectively (p &lt; 0.001). CBDS was correctly identified in 90.5% of VR MRCP cases. The median GOALS score was higher after preparation with VR MRCP than with conventional MRCP for CHE: 16 (IQR: 13, 22) and 11 (IQR: 11, 18), respectively (p = 0.27).ConclusionsVR MRCP allows for a faster, more accurate understanding of displayed anatomy than conventional MRCP and potentially leads to improved surgical performance in CHE in surgical trainees.