bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis Is Associated With Central Lymph Node Metastasis in Classical Papillary Thyroid Cancer: Analysis from a High-Volume Single-Center Experience
Authors: Zeng Bin , Min Yu , Feng Yang , Xiang Ke , Chen Hang , Lin Zijing 
Published: May 2022

PurposeCentral lymph node metastasis (CLNM) is regarded as a predictor for local recurrence in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) but the role of prophylactic central lymph node dissection (CLND) is controversial. Our study aims to identify the clinical factors associated with CLNM and develop a nomogram for making individualized clinical decisions.MethodThe perioperative data of 1,054 consecutive patients between Jan 2019 and April 2021, in our center, were reviewed and analyzed. A total of 747 patients with histopathologically confirmed classical PTC were included as the training cohort and 374 (50% training cases) patients were randomly selected to build a validating cohort via internal bootstrap analysis. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to analyze the correlation between clinicopathological characteristics and CLNM.ResultIn the training cohort, 33.6% (251/747) of patients with classical PTC were confirmed with CLNM. And the CLNM was determined in 31.4% (168/535) of non-Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) patients versus 39.2% (83/212) in HT patients (p=0.043). Four factors including gender, age, size, and HT status were confirmed significantly associated with CLNM. The established nomogram showed good discrimination and consistency with a C-index of 0.703, supported by the internal validation cohort with a C-index of 0.701. The decision curve analysis showed the nomogram has promising clinical feasibility.ConclusionOur study suggested that classical PTC patients with features like male gender, age&lt;55 years old, tumor size&gt;1cm, and HT condition had a higher risk of CLNM. And the nomogram we developed can help surgeons make individualized clinical decisions in classical PTC patients during preoperative and intraoperative management.
Free Versus Fixed-Ratio Combination of Basal Insulin and GLP-1 Receptor Agonists in Type 2 Diabetes Uncontrolled With GLP-1 Receptor Agonists: A Systematic Review and Indirect Treatment Comparison
Authors: Jung Han Na , Cho Yun Kyung , Min Se Hee , Kim Hwi Seung , Kim Ye-Jee , Park Joong-Yeol , Lee Woo Je , Jung Chang Hee 
Published: May 2022

IntroductionThis study evaluates the efficacy and safety of the free up-titration of basal insulin and fixed-ratio combination (FRC) of basal insulin and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients inadequately controlled with GLP-1RA.MethodsWith the use of a systematic literature review of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library databases through July 2021, randomized controlled trials that compared the free up-titration or FRC with remaining on GLP-1RA in T2DM patients uncontrolled with GLP-1RA were included. A comparison of adding basal insulin to maintaining GLP-1RA and an indirect comparison between the two strategies were conducted on the change in HbA1c, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), target achievement [HbA1c &lt; 7.0%], and the risk of confirmed hypoglycemia. The Cochrane Collaboration’s tool was used to assess the risk of bias.ResultsTwo free up-titration and two FRC trials involving 1,612 participants, all lasting 26 weeks, were included. Both approaches significantly lowered HbA1c levels (weighted mean difference [WMD] −0.75%, 95% CI −0.97 to −0.53) but increased hypoglycemic risk [risk ratio (RR) 7.59, 95% CI 3.35−17.17] compared to the unchanged GLP-1RA. No significant differences were discovered between the two methods regarding the decrease in HbA1c (WMD 0.08%, 95% CI −1.07% to 1.23%), FPG (WMD −2.29 mg/dl, 95% CI −45.07 to 40.49 mg/dl), target achievement (RR 1.03, 95% CI 0.50−2.14), and hypoglycemic risk (RR 0.32, 95% CI 0.03−3.59).ConclusionIn patients who failed to reach target HbA1c levels despite the GLP-1RA treatment, both strategies of adding basal insulin, free up-titration and FRC, are comparable options are comparable options.
Comprehensive Assessment of the STIMs and Orais Expression in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Authors: Song Tian , Li Ping , Wang Qiumin , Hao Baozhen , Wang Ying , Bian Yuehong , Shi Yuhua 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogeneous endocrine disease characterized by irregular menstrual, hyperandrogenism, and polycystic ovaries. The definitive mechanism of the disorder is not fully elucidated. Store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) plays a role in glucose and lipid metabolism, inflammation, hormone secretion, and cell proliferation. STIMs and Orais are the main elements of SOCE. The potential role of SOCE in PCOS pathogenesis remains unclear.MethodsThe expression of STIMs and Orais in granulosa cells (GCs) derived from 83 patients with PCOS and 83 controls were analyzed, respectively, by using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Binary regression analysis was used to identify the factors affecting PCOS after adjusted by body mass index and age. Pearson correlation analysis was used to determine the association between PCOS phenotypes and SOCE genes expression.ResultsSignificantly increased expression of STIM1, STIM2, Orai1, and Orai2 were observed in patients with PCOS compared with controls (P = 0.037, P = 0.004, P ≤ 0.001, and P = 0.013, respectively), whereas the expression of Orai3 was decreased (P = 0.003). In addition, the expression levels of STIMs and Orais were identified as the factors affecting PCOS (P &lt; 0.05). The expressions of these genes were correlated with hormone level and antral follicle count (P &lt; 0.05).ConclusionsFor the first time, our findings indicated that the elements of SOCE were differently expressed, where STIM1, STIM2, Orai1, and Orai2 significantly increased, whereas Orai3 decreased in PCOS GCs, which might be dominantly involved in dysfunction of ovarian GCs and hormonal changes in PCOS.
ZNF384: A Potential Therapeutic Target for Psoriasis and Alzheimer’s Disease Through Inflammation and Metabolism
Authors: Liu Shougang , Yuan Xiuqing , Su Hang , Liu Fanghua , Zhuang Zhe , Chen Yongfeng 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundPsoriasis is an immune-related skin disease notable for its chronic inflammation of the entire system. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is more prevalent in psoriasis than in the general population. Immune-mediated pathophysiologic processes may link these two diseases, but the mechanism is still unclear. This article aimed to explore potential molecular mechanisms in psoriasis and AD.MethodsGene expression profiling data of psoriasis and AD were acquired in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) and single-sample GSEA (ssGSEA) were first applied in two datasets. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of two diseases were identified, and common DEGs were selected. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis was performed to explore common biological pathways. Signature transcription factors (STFs) were identified and their diagnostic values was calculated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis in the exploration cohort and verified in the validation cohort. The expression levels of STFs were further investigated in the validation cohort and the GTEx Portal Database. Additionally, four kinds of interaction analysis were performed: correlation analysis among STFs, gene-gene, chemical-protein, and protein-ligand interaction analyses. In the end, we predicted the transcription factor that potentially regulates STFs.ResultsBiosynthesis and metabolic pathways were enriched in GSEA analysis. In ssGSEA analysis, most immunoreaction gene lists exhibited differential enrichment in psoriasis cases, whereas three receptor-related gene lists did in AD. The KEGG analysis of common DEGs redetermined inflammatory and metabolic pathways essential in both diseases. 5 STFs (PPARG, ZFPM2, ZNF415, HLX, and ANHX) were screened from common DEGs. The ROC analysis indicated that all STFs have diagnostic values in two diseases, especially ZFPM2. The correlation analysis, gene-gene, chemical-protein, and protein-ligand interaction analyses suggested that STFs interplay and involve inflammation and aberrant metabolism. Eventually, ZNF384 was the predicted transcription factor regulating PPARG, ZNF415, HLX, and ANHX.ConclusionsThe STFs (PPARG, ZFPM2, ZNF415, HLX, and ANHX) may increase the morbidity rate of AD in psoriasis by initiating a positive feedback loop of excessive inflammation and metabolic disorders. ZNF384 is a potential therapeutic target for psoriasis and AD by regulating PPARG, ZNF415, HLX, and ANHX.
Composites Made of Carbon Nanotubes and Silver Nanoparticles for Conductive Aerosol-Jet Deposition Ink: The Double-Edged Sword of Functionalization
Authors: Schulman Omri , Samira Raz , Lachman Noa 
Published: May 2022

Optimizing conductive ink for Direct-Write Additive Manufacturing, this work explores the effect of carboxylic functionalization of multi-walled carbon nanotubes on their affinity to silver nanoparticles deposited on them. We show a correlation between functionalization and the size of the resulted NPs: the diameter of the silver NPs deposited on pristine CNTs (∼5 nm diameter) is third of that of NPs deposited on functionalized CNTs (∼15 nm). Electrical characterization of the silver-decorated CNT-based ink shows a more significant improvement in conductivity of the functionalized CNTs-decorated with silver compared to the pristine one (maximal ∼40 and ∼20% increase in conductivity over their undecorated counterpart, respectively). However, CNT functionalization severely damages the conductivity of the CNTs themselves, resulting in a much lower conductivity. This “double-edged sword” effect of functionalization results in the highest absolute specific conductivity (3.79 × 103 S/m) achieved by decorating pristine CNTs with 25 wt% of silver. Nevertheless, the observed enhanced conductivity and the ability to control the composite’s morphology by functionalization allow fine-tuning of morphology-based properties, such as surface enhanced Raman scattering and optimization of the ink for sensing applications.
Macular Retinal Microvasculature of Hyperopia, Emmetropia, and Myopia in Children
Authors: Lv Liang , Li Mu , Chang Xuejiao , Zhu Mengxia , Liu Ying , Wang Ping , Xiang Yan 
Published: May 2022

PurposeTo compare macular retinal microcirculation in myopia, emmetropia, and hyperopia groups and investigate the relationship between macular retinal microcirculation and axial length (AL) in children.MethodsForty myopic, 29 emmetropic, and 34 hyperopic eyes were included. All the recruited eyes underwent optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) examinations. After adjusting the image size by the Littmann method and Bennett formula, the vessel density (VD) of the deep capillary plexus (DCP) and superficial vascular plexus (SVP) were assessed.ResultsThe VD of the DCP was significantly lower in the myopia group than in the hyperopia group, whereas no significant differences in the VD of the SVP were observed among the myopia, emmetropia, and hyperopia groups. The VD of the DCP was significantly associated with AL, spherical equivalent (SE), and foveal retinal thickness (FRT), whereas the VD of the SVP was only significantly associated with FRT but not with AL or SE.ConclusionsThe myopic VD of the DCP was significantly lower than the hyperopic one, and the VD of the DCP was significantly associated with AL, indicating that myopia has a lower VD of the DCP, and AL could have a negative effect on the VD of the DCP. Thus, early myopic axial stretching might decrease retinal blood perfusion of the DCP in children.
Seasonality and Meteorological Factors Associated With Different Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease: Serotype-Specific Analysis From 2010 to 2018 in Zhejiang Province, China
Authors: Chen Yijuan , Sun Wanwan , Ling Feng , Sun Jimin , Cao Yanli , Chen Zhiping , Miao Ziping 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundHand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD) is caused by a group of enteroviruses (EVs) and has a high incidence in children; some subtypes had high mortalities in children. The subtypes of HFMD had a different incidence across seasons. Thereby, we suspect that the infection of HFMD is varied by meteorological factors. However, studies examining serotype-specific associations between meteorological factors and HFMD incidence were rare.MethodsWe obtained all HFMD cases that occurred from 1 January 2010 to 31 December 2018 in Zhejiang province from the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention (CISDCP). Daily meteorological data for Zhejiang province were provided by the China Methodological Data Sharing Service System and linked to HFMD cases based on residential addresses and dates of onset. The associations between meteorological factors and HFMDs were examined using distributed lag non-linear models (DLNMs) for each serotype.ResultsOverall, the incidences of all HFMD cases were increasing in study years, while the number of severe and fatality cases were decreasing. The dominant serotypes varied by study year. The association between temperature and incidence of both CVA16 and EV71 serotypes showed an inverted U shape. The risk ratio for CVA16 was increasing when temperature is 11–25°C, reaching the maximum RR at 18°C and humidity above 77% can promote the occurrence with CVA16, and temperature between 11 and 32°C with the maximum RR at 21°C and relative humidity above 77% are risk conditions of the occurrence of HFMD associated with EV71. For other enteroviruses causing HFMD, temperature above 11°C and humidity above 76% have a risk effect. CVA16, EV71, and all enteroviruses of HFMD have a maximum effect on lag day 0, and temperature is 35, 34, and 33°C respectively, while the enteroviruses of HFMD other than EV71 and CVA16 has a maximum effect when the temperature is 33°C and the lag time is 7 days.ConclusionThis study shows that meteorological factors have an effect on the occurrence of different HFMD serotypes. Local control strategies for public health should be taken in time to prevent and reduce the risk of HFMD while the weather is getting warmer and wetter.
Disrupted Topological Organization of Resting-State Functional Brain Networks in Age-Related Hearing Loss
Authors: Yong Wei , Song Jiajie , Xing Chunhua , Xu Jin-Jing , Xue Yuan , Yin Xindao , Wu Yuanqing , Chen Yu-Chen 
Published: May 2022

PurposeAge-related hearing loss (ARHL), associated with the function of speech perception decreases characterized by bilateral sensorineural hearing loss at high frequencies, has become an increasingly critical public health problem. This study aimed to investigate the topological features of the brain functional network and structural dysfunction of the central nervous system in ARHL using graph theory.MethodsForty-six patients with ARHL and forty-five age, sex, and education-matched healthy controls were recruited to undergo a resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scan in this study. Graph theory was applied to analyze the topological properties of the functional connectomes by studying the local and global organization of neural networks.ResultsCompared with healthy controls, the patient group showed increased local efficiency (Eloc) and clustering coefficient (Cp) of the small-world network. Besides, the degree centrality (Dc) and nodal efficiency (Ne) values of the left inferior occipital gyrus (IOG) in the patient group showed a decrease in contrast with the healthy control group. In addition, the intra-modular interaction of the occipital lobe module and the inter-modular interaction of the parietal occipital module decreased in the patient group, which was positively correlated with Dc and Ne. The intra-modular interaction of the occipital lobe module decreased in the patient group, which was negatively correlated with the Eloc.ConclusionBased on fMRI and graph theory, we indicate the aberrant small-world network topology in ARHL and dysfunctional interaction of the occipital lobe and parietal lobe, emphasizing the importance of dysfunctional left IOG. These results suggest that early diagnosis and treatment of patients with ARHL is necessary, which can avoid the transformation of brain topology and decreased brain function.
Research Hotspots and Trends of Peripheral Nerve Injuries Based on Web of Science From 2017 to 2021: A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Zhang Shiwen , Huang Meiling , Zhi Jincao , Wu Shanhong , Wang Yan , Pei Fei 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundPeripheral nerve injury (PNI) is very common in clinical practice, which often reduces the quality of life of patients and imposes a serious medical burden on society. However, to date, there have been no bibliometric analyses of the PNI field from 2017 to 2021. This study aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of the current state of research and frontier trends in the field of PNI research from a bibliometric perspective.MethodsArticles and reviews on PNI from 2017 to 2021 were extracted from the Web of Science database. An online bibliometric platform, CiteSpace, and VOSviewer software were used to generate viewable views and perform co-occurrence analysis, co-citation analysis, and burst analysis. The quantitative indicators such as the number of publications, citation frequency, h-index, and impact factor of journals were analyzed by using the functions of “Create Citation Report” and “Journal Citation Reports” in Web of Science Database and Excel software.ResultsA total of 4,993 papers was identified. The number of annual publications in the field remained high, with an average of more than 998 publications per year. The number of citations increased year by year, with a high number of 22,272 citations in 2021. The United States and China had significant influence in the field. Johns Hopkins University, USA had a leading position in this field. JESSEN KR and JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE were the most influential authors and journals in the field, respectively. Meanwhile, we found that hot topics in the field of PNI focused on dorsal root ganglion (DRG) and satellite glial cells (SGCs) for neuropathic pain relief and on combining tissue engineering techniques and controlling the repair Schwann cell phenotype to promote nerve regeneration, which are not only the focus of research now but is also forecast to be of continued focus in the future.ConclusionThis is the first study to conduct a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of publications related to PNI from 2017 to 2021, whose bibliometric results can provide a reliable source for researchers to quickly understand key information in this field and identify potential research frontiers and hot directions.
Management of Cerebral Herniation Secondary to Lead Encephalopathy: A Case Report
Authors: Das Somnath , Hataway Felicia , Boudreau Hunter S. , Alam Yasaman , George Jordan A. , Rushton William , Atti Sukhshant , Kaur Manmeet , Holland Marshall T. 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundAdult lead encephalopathy is a rare but critical condition to recognize in modern healthcare settings. Few reports have described the medical and neurosurgical management of severe adult lead encephalopathy.Case PresentationA 22 year old woman presented with severe headache, anemia, vomiting, 40-lb weight loss, and constipation. At the time of presentation, she had extensive colonic radiopaque material and a serum lead concentration of 87 mcg/dl (normal &lt;10). She rapidly developed anisocoria requiring emergent ventriculostomy insertion. Following CSF diversion, ICP mitigation, and lead chelation, she considerably improved in &lt;2 weeks.ConclusionWe report one of the few instances of successful surgical and medical management of adult lead encephalopathy. Dedicated neurocritical care and neurosurgical teams are necessary in conjunction with toxicology in order to manage the advanced sequalae of severe lead poisoning.
Cluster Analysis Revealed Two Hidden Phenotypes of Cluster Headache
Authors: Yalinay Dikmen Pinar , Ari Cagla , Sahin Erdi , Ertas Mustafa , Mayda Domac Fusun , Ilgaz Aydinlar Elif , Sahin Aysenur , Ozge Aynur , Ozguner Hilal , Karadas Omer , Shafiyev Javid , Vuralli Doga , Aktan Cile , Oguz-Akarsu Emel , Karli Necdet , Zarifoglu Mehmet , Bolay Hayrunisa , Ekizoglu Esme , Kocasoy Orhan Elif , Tasdelen Bahar , Baykan Betul 
Published: May 2022

ObjectiveTo investigate the possible subgroups of patients with Cluster Headache (CH) by using K-means cluster analysis.MethodsA total of 209 individuals (mean (SD) age: 39.8 (11.3) years), diagnosed with CH by headache experts, participated in this cross-sectional multi-center study. All patients completed a semi-structured survey either face to face, preferably, or through phone interviews with a physician. The survey was composed of questions that addressed sociodemographic characteristics as well as detailed clinical features and treatment experiences.ResultsCluster analysis revealed two subgroups. Cluster one patients (n = 81) had younger age at diagnosis (31.04 (9.68) vs. 35.05 (11.02) years; p = 0.009), a higher number of autonomic symptoms (3.28 (1.16) vs. 1.99(0.95); p &lt; 0.001), and showed a better response to triptans (50.00% vs. 28.00; p &lt; 0.001) during attacks, compared with the cluster two subgroup (n = 122). Cluster two patients had higher rates of current smoking (76.0 vs. 33.0%; p=0.002), higher rates of smoking at diagnosis (78.0 vs. 32.0%; p=0.006), higher rates of parental smoking/tobacco exposure during childhood (72.0 vs. 33.0%; p = 0.010), longer duration of attacks with (44.21 (34.44) min. vs. 34.51 (24.97) min; p=0.005) and without (97.50 (63.58) min. vs. (83.95 (49.07) min; p = 0.035) treatment and higher rates of emergency department visits in the last year (81.0 vs. 26.0%; p&lt; 0.001).ConclusionsCluster one and cluster two patients had different phenotypic features, possibly indicating different underlying genetic mechanisms. The cluster 1 phenotype may suggest a genetic or biology-based etiology, whereas the cluster two phenotype may be related to epigenetic mechanisms. Toxic exposure to cigarettes, either personally or secondarily, seems to be an important factor in the cluster two subgroup, inducing drug resistance and longer attacks. We need more studies to elaborate the causal relationship and the missing links of neurobiological pathways of cigarette smoking regarding the identified distinct phenotypic classes of patients with CH.