bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dimethyl Oxalylglycine Activates Tendon‐Derived Stem Cells to Promote Regeneration of Achilles Tendon Rupture in Rats via HIF‐1α
Authors: Wang Yanmao , Li Minyao , Lin Yiwei , Yin Fuli , Shan Haojie , Wu Tianyi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTendon‐derived stem cells (TDSCs) are stem cells found in tendons that may become ideal seed cells for tendon repair. This study aims to investigate whether dimethyl oxalylglycine (DMOG) treatment could effectively improve the regeneration ability of TDSCs to repair Achilles tendon injury. Stem cells of rat Achilles tendon are isolated and treated with DMOG or Lificiguat (YC‐1). The treated TDSCs are transplanted into rats with Achilles tendon injury. A batch of animals is sacrificed every week for biomechanical and historical analyses. The recovery of Achilles tendon is tested by biomechanics and histology. DMOG could activate TDSCs in vitro and improve their differentiation ability by regulating the expression levels of hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1α (HIF‐1α) and early growth response 1 (EGR1). As an inhibitor of HIF‐1α, YC‐1 could weaken the effect of DMOG. TDSCs pre‐treated with either DMOG or YC‐1 are transplanted into rats with Achilles tendon injury, and DMOG pre‐treatment could effectively improve the regeneration of Achilles tendon. In summary, DMOG improves TDSC differentiation ability, and transplanting TDSCs pre‐treated with DMOG into rats with Achilles tendon injury can effectively improve tendon regeneration, which may serve as a novel approach for the treatment of Achilles tendon injury.
Control over Molecular Orbital Gating and Marcus Inverted Charge Transport in Molecular Junctions with Conjugated Molecular Wires
Authors: Nijhuis Christian A. , Zhang Ziyu , Adoah Francis , Nickle Cameron , Karuppannan Senthil Kumar , Wang Lejia , Jiang Li , Tadich Anton , Cowie Bruce , Salim Teddy , Qi Dong‐Chen , Thompson Damien , Barco Enrique Del 
Published: November 2022

AbstractRecently it is discovered that molecular junctions can be pushed into the Marcus Inverted region of charge transport, but it is unclear which factors are important. This paper shows that the mechanism of charge transport across molecular wires can be switched between the normal and Marcus Inverted regions by fine‐tuning the molecule–electrode coupling strength and the tunneling distance across oligophenylene ethynylene (OPE) wire terminated with ferrocene (Fc) abbreviated as S‐OPEnFc (n = 1–3). Coherent tunneling dominates the mechanism of charge transport in junctions with short molecules (n = 1), but for n = 2 or 3 redox reactions become important. By weakening the molecule—electrode interaction by interrupted conjugation, S‐CH2‐OPEnFc, intramolecular orbital gating can occur pushing the junctions completely into the Marcus Inverted region. These results indicated that weak molecule—electrode coupling is important to push junctions into the Marcus Inverted Region.
Growth, survival and fatty acid profile of hard clam, Mercenaria mercenaria, juveniles fed live microalgae diets
Authors: Hassan Md Mahbubul , Perri Edward , Parks Victoria , Laramore Susan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractChoice of microalgae diet affects production outcomes in bivalve hatcheries. This study aimed to identify an optimal microalgae diet to improve hard clam, Mercenaria mercenaria, juvenile production. Four microalgae species (Tisochrysis lutea, Pavlova lutheri, Chaetoceros gracilis and Cyclotella nana) in six dietary combinations were fed for 6 weeks; then, growth, survival and fatty acid profiles of juveniles were evaluated. The highest numerical growth and survival of juveniles were attained by feeding a tetra‐species microalgae diet, but no statistical difference was found by feeding bi‐ or tri‐species diets that consisted of a mix of flagellate and diatom microalgae. Significant differences in fatty acid profiles were found among clams fed different microalgae diets. A contrasting polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) profile was found in juveniles fed flagellate‐ or diatom‐only diets. Clams fed flagellate‐only diets contained a higher percentage of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) but a lower percentage of (n‐6) PUFAs, whereas those fed diatom‐only diets had a higher percentage of arachidonic acid (ARA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) but a lower percentage of DHA. In contrast, the percentage of EPA, DHA and ARA was neither very high nor very low in juveniles fed the tetra‐species diet. The complementary nutritional profile of the tetra‐species microalgae diet resulted in enhanced production and exhibited a more balanced fatty acid profile in clam tissue. The tetra‐species microalgae diet should be a preferable choice for feeding hard clam juveniles, but the cost of producing multiple microalgae species for hatchery/nursery operations should be taken into consideration as bi‐ and tri‐species diets provided statistically similar growth and survival. Results of this study can be used to improve productivity and profitability in M. mercenaria hatcheries.
Scaling genetic resources: New paradigms for diagnosis and treatment of rare genetic disease
Authors: Vockley Jerry , Defay Thomas , Goldenberg Aaron J. , Gaviglio Amy M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDevelopment of genetic tests for rare genetic diseases has traditionally focused on individual diseases. Similarly, development of new therapies occurred one disease at a time. With >10,000 rare genetic diseases, this approach is not feasible. Diagnosis of genetic disorders has already transcended old paradigms as whole exome and genome sequencing have allowed expedient interrogation of all relevant genes in a single test. The growth of newborn screening has allowed identification of diseases in presymptomatic babies. Similarly, the ability to develop therapies is rapidly expanding due to technologies that leverage platform technology that address multiple diseases. However, movement from the basic science laboratory to clinical trials is still hampered by a regulatory system rooted in traditional trial design, requiring a fresh assessment of safe ways to obtain approval for new drugs. Ultimately, the number of nucleic acid‐based therapies will challenge the ability of clinics focused on rare diseases to deliver them safely with appropriate evaluation and long‐term follow‐up. This manuscript summarizes discussions arising from a recent National Institutes of Health conference on nucleic acid therapy, with a focus on scaling technologies for diagnosis of rare disorders and provision of therapies across the age and disease spectrum.
Infantile epileptic spasms syndrome in children with cardiofaciocutanous syndrome: Clinical presentation and associations with genotype
Authors: Kenney‐Jung Daniel L. , Rogers Dante J. , Kroening Samuel J. , Zatkalik Abigail L. , Whitmarsh Ashley E. , Roberts Amy E. , Zenker Martin , Gambardella Maria Luigia , Contaldo Ilaria , Leoni Chiara , Onesimo Roberta , Zampino Giuseppe , Tartaglia Marco , Battaglia Domenica I. , Pierpont Elizabeth I. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractGene variants that dysregulate signaling through the RAS‐MAPK pathway cause cardiofaciocutaneous syndrome (CFCS), a rare multi‐system disorder. Infantile epileptic spasms syndrome (IESS) and other forms of epilepsy are among the most serious complications. To investigate clinical presentation, treatment outcomes, and genotype–phenotype associations in CFCS patients with IESS, molecular genetics and clinical neurological history were reviewed across two large clinical research cohorts (n = 180). IESS presented in 18/180 (10%) cases, including 16 patients with BRAF variants and 2 with MAP2K1 variants. Among IESS patients with BRAF variants, 16/16 (100%) had sequence changes affecting the protein kinase domain (exons 11–16), although only 57% of total BRAF variants occurred in this domain. Clinical onset of spasms occurred at a median age of 5.4 months (range: 1–24 months). Among 13/18 patients whose IESS resolved with anti‐seizure medications, 10 were treated with ACTH and/or vigabatrin. A substantial majority of CFCS patients with IESS subsequently developed other epilepsy types (16/18; 89%). In terms of neurodevelopmental outcomes, gross motor function and verbal communication were more limited in patients with a history of IESS compared to those without IESS. These findings can inform clinical neurological care guidelines for CFCS and development of relevant pre‐clinical models for severe epilepsy phenotypes.
Co‐La‐Based Hole‐Transporting Layers for Binary Organic Solar Cells with 18.82 % Efficiency
Authors: Zhang Guangcong , Chen Qiaomei , Zhang Zhou , Fang Jie , Zhao Chaowei , Wei Yen , Li Weiwei 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPoly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) is a widely used hole transporting layer (HTL) in organic solar cells (OSCs), but its acidity severely reduces the stability of devices. Until now, very few HTLs were developed to replace PEDOT:PSS toward stable and high‐performance OSCs. Herein, a new cobalt‐lanthanum (Co‐La) inorganic system was reported as HTL to show a high conversion efficiency (PCE) of 18.82 %, which is among the top PCEs in binary OSCs. Since electron‐rich outer shell of La atom can interact with Co atom to form charge transfer complex, the work function and conductivity of the Co‐La system could be simultaneously enhanced compared to Co or La‐based HTLs. This Co‐La system could also be applied into other OSCs to show high performance. All these results demonstrate that binary Co‐La systems as HTL can efficiently tackle the issue in hole transporting and show powerful application in OSCs to replace PEDOT:PSS.
3D printable and stretchable PVA‐PAAm dual network hydrogel with conductivities for wearable sensors
Authors: Wei Fanan , Duan Tuanjie , Yao Ligang , Yang Wenguang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractConductive hydrogel has broad potential applications in wearable sensors and flexible electronic devices. However, due to the complicated and restrictive mold‐casting process, the manufacture of hydrogel‐based sensors is still facing great challenges. In this paper, we adopt direct inkjet printing (DIW) technology to fabricate three‐dimensional structures of chemically and physically cross‐linked hydrogels by integrating fumed silica as a rheological modifier into crosslinked poly(vinyl alcohol)/poly(acrylamide) (PVA/PAAm) network. Fumed silica not only enables hydrogels with excellent rheological properties, but also provides more hydrogen bond crosslinking sites, further improving mechanical properties. Meanwhile, calcium chloride (CaCl2) is supplemented to construct conductive channels in the hydrogel, which powers the hydrogel with good conductivity and strain sensitivity. The sensor assembled from 3D printed hydrogel shows cycle stability and accurate recognition ability in detecting mechanical deformation and various human movements (for example knee bending and frown). This work extends the application of 3D printing hydrogel in the field of wearable devices.
Kinetics of poly(vinyl chloride) thermal and thermo‐mechanical degradation in the presence of epoxidized plasticizer. Induction effect
Authors: Krongauz Vadim V. , DePolo Wade 
Published: November 2022

AbstractKinetics of thermal and thermo‐mechanical degradation of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) plasticized with di‐(2‐ethylhexyl)phthalate and epoxidized linseed oil were monitored using differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetry‐mass spectrometry and viscosity and temperature change during high shear mastication. Linear dependence of induction period prior to PVC chain‐degradation on epoxidized plasticizer concentration was observed using each method (not reported previously). Zero‐order degradation kinetics controlled by the rate of hydrochloric acid elimination from saturated PVC molecules and consequent fast 2nd order scavenging of HCl by oxirane groups were consistent with experimental data. Apparent activation energies of 128.6, 146.3 kJ mol−1 for thermal degradation and 164.4 kJ mol−1 for thermo‐mechanical degradation were deduced from the temperature dependence of the degradation induction time detected using thermogravimetry‐mass spectrometry, differential scanning calorimetry and mastication, respectively. Change of activation energy with degradation mechanism is examined.
Coumarin‐Ensembled Vanadium(V) Compounds and Their Affinity Studies Toward Biological Thiols Probed by Fluorescence Spectroscopy
Authors: Debnath Snehasish , Navadiya Sumit V. , Ghosh Riya , Pradhan Debjani , Chatterjee Pabitra B. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractFluorescence spectroscopic studies of a pair of new oxido‐vanadium(V) compounds with biological thiols, such as homocysteine (Hcy), cysteine (Cys), and glutathione (GSH), have been investigated in this article. Despite notable progress in vanadium‐thiol chemistry, no attention has been paid to exploring vanadium‐based optical probes to study their interaction with biothiols. For this purpose, two oxido‐vanadium(V) compounds, 1 and 2, have been prepared involving a tridentate ONO donor‐based luminescent coumarin‐derived ligand. Single crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis, NMR (1H, 13C, and 51V) spectroscopy, XPS, and DFT calculations have been used to establish their identities. The vanadium center in these compounds has a distorted octahedral environment. In compound 2, a methanol molecule is coordinated to the vanadium(V) center in the trans position of the terminal oxido moiety. The latter exerts a strong trans‐labilizing influence on the coordinating methanol. Both 1 and 2 are weakly fluorescent. Photophysical investigations of the vanadium complexes in aqueous media at physiological pH (7.4) in the presence of various biothiols and amino acids showed significant fluorescence enhancement (83‐fold) of the vanadium complexes, specifically with Hcy. The specific affinity of the complexes for Hcy remained unchanged even in the presence of other biothiols and amino acids. Kinetic investigation reveals pseudo‐first order behavior of the compound with Hcy. Mechanistic studies have manifested that Hcy‐induced reduction triggers the decomplexation of the vanadium compound, followed by hydrolysis and subsequent cyclization. Time‐correlated single photon counting suggested that the radiative rate constant (kr) of 1 and 2 in the presence of Hcy serves as the prime factor for the fluorescence enhancement of the medium. Compound 1 has been tested efficiently for Hcy measurement in blood plasma rendering it suitable for practical applications.
Optimization of the Extraction Process and Antioxidant Activity of Polysaccharide Extracted from Centipeda minima
Authors: Yang Gan , Su Fan , Hu Datong , Ruan Chen , Che Ping , Zhang Yingying , Wang Jing 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to optimize the extraction process and study antioxidant activity of Polysaccharide extracted from Centipeda minima. The Box‐Behnken design‐response surface methodology was adopted to optimize the extraction process of polysaccharides from Centipeda minima. We purified the crude polysaccharides from Centipeda minima, as well as determined the purity, monosaccharide composition, and molecular weight of the purified fraction. Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT‐IR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to analyze the structural features of the polysaccharides. Further, we investigated the antioxidant activities of different fractions of polysaccharides. Consequently, the results showed that the optimum extraction conditions for polysaccharides were: a liquid‐solid ratio of 26 mL/g, extraction temperature of 85.5 °C, and extraction time of 2.4 h. Moreover, the yield of polysaccharides measured under these conditions was close to the predicted value. After purification, we obtained four components of Centipeda minima polysaccharides (CMP). The purity, monosaccharide composition, molecular weight, and structural characteristics of CMP were different, but with similar infrared absorption spectra. CMP exhibited a typical infrared absorption characteristic of a polysaccharide. Besides, CMP displayed good antioxidant activity, with potential to scavenge DPPH radical, hydroxyl radical, and superoxide radical. Therefore, this study provides a reference for future research on the structure and biological activity of CMP, and lays a theoretical foundation for food processing and medicinal development of CMP.
Biochemical and Structural Insights into FIH‐Catalysed Hydroxylation of Transient Receptor Potential Ankyrin Repeat Domains
Authors: Saward Benjamin G. , Leissing Thomas M. , Clifton Ian J. , Tumber Anthony , Timperley Christopher M. , Hopkinson Richard J. , Schofield Christopher J. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTransient receptor potential (TRP) channels have important roles in environmental sensing in animals. Human TRP subfamily A member 1 (TRPA1) is responsible for sensing allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) and other electrophilic sensory irritants. TRP subfamily vanilloid member 3 (TRPV3) is involved in skin maintenance. TRPV3 is a reported substrate of the 2‐oxoglutarate oxygenase factor inhibiting hypoxia‐inducible factor (FIH). We report biochemical and structural studies concerning asparaginyl hydroxylation of the ankyrin repeat domains (ARDs) of TRPA1 and TRPV3 catalysed by FIH. The results with ARD peptides support a previous report on FIH‐catalysed TRPV3 hydroxylation and show that, of the 12 potential TRPA1 sequences investigated, one sequence (TRPA1 residues 322–348) undergoes hydroxylation at Asn336. Structural studies reveal that the TRPA1 and TRPV3 ARDs bind to FIH with a similar overall geometry to most other reported FIH substrates. However, the binding mode of TRPV3 to FIH is distinct from that of other substrates.
Three‐Dimensional Holey Graphene Modified Na4Fe3(PO4)2(P2O7)/C as a High‐Performance Cathode for Rechargeable Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Li Xiaopeng , Meng Yan , Xiao Dan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPolyanion‐type Na4Fe3(PO4)2(P2O7) (NFPP) is a promising cathode material for sodium‐ion batteries due to its low cost and high safety. Herein, a three‐dimensional (3D) holey graphene (HG) modified NFPP/C material (NFPPCHG) has been successfully prepared by a simple and scalable ball milling strategy with sodium phytate and ferrous oxalate as precursors. The introduction of HG can obviously improve the specific surface area, electronic conductivity, and ions transport performance of NFPPCHG and largely enhance its electrochemical properties. The prepared NFPPCHG delivers a high reversible capacity of 118 mAh g−1 at 0.2 C and keeps a considerable capacity of 53 mAh g−1 even at an ultrahigh rate of 100 C. NFPPCHG also shows excellent performance at 55 °C and −20 °C. Moreover, in situ distribution of relaxation time analysis further demonstrates NFPPCHG has superior electrochemical kinetics. In addition, the HC//NFPPCHG full cell displays good performance, suggesting great potential of the prepared material for practical applications.
How Canada can supply Europe with critical energy by creating a Trans‐Atlantic energy bridge
Authors: Adams Thomas A. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPublic policy decisions made over the past 10–15 years have significantly impacted the resiliency of Canadian and European energy systems. Rightly or wrongly, these decisions have included shifts away from coal and nuclear energy for electricity in favour of wind and solar, scuttling oil pipeline developments in all directions in Canada, how world governments responded to the pandemic, and increased reliance on Russian and US energy networks. The pandemic and subsequent Russian invasion of Ukraine have significantly tested the resiliency of these systems and caused major impacts on prices and everyday life. It has revealed weaknesses in Western energy security, and Europe is scrambling to adjust to sudden and drastic reductions in imports of Russian energy. In this perspective, I review the challenges to our energy systems. Then, I propose the creation of a Trans‐Atlantic energy bridge to Europe and highlight some technologies and strategies Canada can use to create it.
The velocity field characteristics of high‐viscosity fluids falling film flow down clamped channels
Authors: Wang Yongjun , Su Chen , Chen Shichang , Zhang Xianming , Chen Wenxing 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe complexity of falling film flow has been studied in many industrial applications. In this work, the velocity field of high‐viscosity fluids falling film flow down clamped channels was investigated numerically and experimentally. The results show that the numerical simulation results are consistent with the experimental results, and the characteristics of the velocity field are related to the fluid properties, operating conditions, and structure of the clamped channels. When the fluid viscosity is greater than or equal to 10 Pa ⋅ s, the type of velocity field changes into I shape, U shape, and V shape. While the fluid viscosity drops to 0.89 Pa ⋅ s, the viscous force cannot resist the inertial force and gravity, resulting in a cardioid velocity field. By adjusting the structure of the clamped channels and operating conditions, the tension of the liquid film can be changed, and the velocity distribution of the liquid film can be manipulated. Significantly, under the fluctuating curtain flow, the liquid film coalesces and breaks frequently, which enlarges the surface area of the liquid film and strengthens the surface renewal frequency. Hence, this form of falling film flow can be applied to process intensification of high‐viscosity materials.
Prognostic value of the dynamic hepatorenal function on intermediate‐term mortality in TAVI patients with survival to discharge
Authors: Yao Yijun , He Jingjing , Xiong Tianyuan , Chen Fei , Ou Yuanweixiang , Li Yiming , Liu Qi , Zhu Zhongkai , Zhang Yi , Yang Haoran , Liang Yujia , Wei Xin , Li Xi , Peng Yong , Wei Jiafu , He Sen , Li Qiao , Chen Yong , Meng Wei , Chen Guo , Zhou Wenxia , Zheng Mingxia , Zhou Xuan , Chen Mao , Feng Yuan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundRenal and liver dysfunctions are risk factors for mortality in patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS). Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) has the potential to break the vicious cycle between AS and hepatorenal dysfunction by relieving aortic valve obstruction.HypothesisA part of patients can derive hepatorenal function improvement from TAVI, and this noncardiac benefit improves the intermediate‐term outcomes.MethodsWe developed this retrospective cohort study in 439 consecutive patients undergoing TAVI and described the dynamic hepatorenal function assessed by model for end‐stage liver disease model for end‐stage liver disease (MELD)‐XI score in subgroups. The endpoint was 2‐year all‐cause mortality.ResultsReceiver‐operating characteristic analysis showed that the baseline MELD‐XI score of 10.71 was the cutoff point. A high MELD‐XI score (>10.71) at baseline was an independent predictor of the 2‐year mortality hazard ratio (HR: 2.65 [1.29–5.47], p = .008). After TAVI, patients with irreversible high MELD‐XI scores had a higher risk of 2‐year mortality than patients who improved from high to low MELD‐XI scores (HR: 2.50 [1.06–5.91], p = .03). Factors associated with reversible MELD‐XI scores improvement were low baseline MELD‐XI scores (≤12.00, odds ratio [OR]: 2.02 [1.04–3.94], p = .04), high aortic valve peak velocity (≥5 m/s, OR: 2.17 [1.11–4.24], p = .02), and low body mass index (≤25 kg/m2, OR: 2.73 [1.25–5.98], p = .01).ConclusionHigh MELD‐XI score at baseline is an independent predictor for 2‐year mortality. Patients with hepatorenal function improvement after TAVI have better outcomes. For patients with irreversible hepatorenal dysfunction after TAVI, further optimization of the subsequent treatment after TAVI is needed to improve the outcomes.