bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of the elderly population’s health status as part of the clinical preventive services program
Authors: Prajapati Kshatrapal , Sangishetti Vijay Prasad , Joshi Abhishek , Mudey Abhay 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Human resources are regarded as a country’s most valuable asset, and they play a critical role in economic development and growth. According to national policy, the elderly population is defined as 60 and up. Because of the rising demand for financial and social support due to health and related difficulties, the government is under pressure to adopt social policies for the elderly. Clinical preventive care can assist reduce the risks and expenses of chronic illness treatment and can prevent or delay disease onset.

Method:
The aged population of either sex who visit a rural health geriatric centre’s Outpatient department served as the study participants. Data were collected using a self-designed, pre-structured, and pre-validated questionnaire. The information was gathered in the form of a socio-demographic profile, which included all the necessary information, such as socioeconomic status, Body mass index (BMI), and personal habits. Visual examination, hearing, anaemia, musculoskeletal discomfort, diabetes mellitus, dermatological, hypertension, and female patients’ reproductive disorders were all included in the clinical examination.

Result:
A maximum of 263 (65.75%) of the subjects were in the age group of 60–69 years, 29.25% were labourers, and 38% were in modified BG Prasad class (III) of socioeconomic classification, 184 (46%) people had a BMI of 25–29.99 kg/m2. A total of 102 study participants (25.5%) had a chronic illness. 27.5% of the participants had hypertension, 11.8% had diabetes and coronary heart disease, 20.6% had hypertension and diabetes, and 10.8% had previously suffered from tuberculosis (TB). Hearing loss is a common complaint, and 5.5% reported issues with the genitourinary system, with nocturia accounting for 40.9%.

Conclusion:
The study participants, who were between the ages of 60 and 69, experienced a variety of chronic illnesses. The majority of the people in the study had hypertension, diabetes, heart disease, hypertension, diabetes, and a TB history.
Assessment of Infant and Young Child Feeding (IYCF) practices in rural areas of Dehradun, Uttarakhand
Authors: Saxena Vartika , Verma Neha , Mishra Ashutosh , Jain Bhavna 
Published: August 2022

Introduction:
The practice of infant and young child feeding (IYCF) is critical for a child’s growth and development throughout the first two years of life. Poor feeding habits in early childhood contribute to malnutrition and child mortality in India.

Aim and Objective:
To assess the IYCF practices in children under the age of 2 years.

Material and Methods:
In rural Uttarakhand, India, a cross-sectional study was undertaken from March 2021 to May 2021. A probability proportional to size (PPS) method was used to select 400 children under the age of 2 years. The World Health Organization IYCF questionnaire, was used to collect house to house data. An appropriate statistical test was used for analysing the data.

Results:
According to the findings, 47.5 percent of babies under the age of six months were nursed within the first hour of delivery. About 73.9 percent of babies were exclusively breastfed. Approximately 22 percent infants were given pre-lacteal feeds and 20 percent were bottle fed. In addition to breast milk, half of babies aged 6 to 8 months had solid, semi-solid, or soft meals, however minimum acceptable diet was provided to only 33.5 percent children. Odds of male child who were bottle fed in the age group of 6–23 months were 2.02 times higher to that of female child. Also the odds of male child in the age group of 6–8 months to be introduced with solids, semi-solid, or soft food were 4.91 times higher to that of female child. Similarly, odds of male child received minimum dietary diversity (2.35), minimum meal frequency (1.82), and minimum acceptable diet (2.35) in the age group of 6-23 months were found to be higher to that of female child in the similar age group. Total of six mothers reported coronavirus disease (COVID) positive status and only two of them breastfed their babies using COVID appropriate behavior.

Conclusion:
Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) has been practiced in more than two-thirds of children, but early breastfeeding is practised in less than half of children. Only one third children of more than six months of age are getting minimum acceptable diet.
Managing subglottic stenosis with Montgomery tube – Our experience
Authors: Mehta Rupa , Nagarkar Nitin M. , Kumar Badal , Chandran Megha , Arora Ripu Daman 
Published: August 2022

Background:
The purpose of this retrospective study is to evaluate the outcome of Montgomery T-tube insertion in our institution (AIIMS, Raipur). This study also throws light on its indications and complications.

Methods:
This is a retrospective study of 10 patients who presented with laryngotracheal stenosis and managed by Laryngofissure with Montgomery Tube insertion in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery atAll India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) Raipur, India, during the period of January 2018- JUNE 2020.

Results:
The most common cause of laryngotracheal stenosis was prolonged intubation as seen in 80% patients.Majority of patients (40%) in this study were in the 3rd decade. In this study all the patients underwent tracheostomy prior to treatment for stenosis. The most common complication seen was surgical emphysema in post-operative period seen in 6 patients (60%) followed by crusting in 4 patients (40%), secondary granulation tissue formation in 4 patients (40%). Montgomery tube reinsertion had to be done in 2 patients (20%).

Conclusions:
Laryngotracheal stenosis (LTS) has always been and will remain a challenge to the otolaryngologistsand a multidisciplinary approach is required to tackle it.A multitude of surgeries have been described for the management of Laryngotracheal stenosis ranging from Endoscopic dilatation and cricotracheal resection with anterior and posterior grafting and anastomosis but many of them require specialized training and expertise,prolonged ICU care and have morbidity and mortality. ‘Laryngofissure and Montgomery Tube stenting provides a safe and easy treatment option which can be done at most centres provided appropriate case selection has been done.
Outcomes of Standard Operating Procedures Instituted for Non-COVID Outpatient Department During COVID-19 Pandemic in Rural India
Authors: Kumar Ashok , Gahukar Shailesh , Gupta Ashish , Bhupali Nameksh R , Mittal Neha 
Published: August 2022

Introduction:
COVID-19 has emerged as a major health care problem during 2020. The risk of infection and transmission led to imposition of a severe lockdown by the government. The diversion of health care machinery towards the control of transmission, treatment of the infected individuals led to a compromise in delivery of care towards non-COVID ailments. This is truer in rural and unapproachable areas where the health facilities were already in jeopardy.

Study Design:
A prospective observational study was conducted from May 2020 to November 2020 at PGIMER satellite center, Sangrur.

Methods:
Standard operating procedures (SOP) were instituted for physical consultation during the COVID-19 pandemic at PGIMER satellite center, Sangrur, a branch of PGIMER, Chandigarh. These were approved by the committee constituted for this purpose. The effectiveness of these SOPs was reported as percentage of healthcare workers who contracted infection for non-COVID OPD.

Results:
A total of 9963 patients attended the Out Patient Department (OPD). Male to female ratio of the patients was 1.2:1. Maximum (6141) consultations were sought for general physician followed by ophthalmologist (1464). Majority of the consultation were for benign non-communicable disorders. Seventy patients who visited the OPD were referred for COVID-19 testing as they had symptoms of infection. A total of 5 (3.8%) incidents of COVID-19 infection were reported among the healthcare workers at the center.

Conclusions:
The SOPs proved effective in the delivery of physical care with low occupational hazard to the healthcare workers (HCW).
Prevalence and correlates of nicotine dependence among the construction site workers at IGIMS, Patna
Authors: Prasad Nidhi , Sinha Setu , Kumar Shishir , Kumar Binay 
Published: August 2022

Introduction:
Nicotine dependence has increased over the years and so has the prevalence of smokeless tobacco use. If the dependence is increasing, we must look for newer tobacco cessation strategies and implemented them. Tobacco causes premature deaths and nicotine dependence has both psychological and physical dependence.

Method:
The study was planned and an interview was conducted to collect the sociodemographic details, tobacco, and fagerstrom nicotine dependence scale - smokeless tobacco (FTND-ST) for nicotine dependence. The questionnaire was adopted from the WHO questionnaire and a pre-tested, predesigned, semi-structured questionnaire was used.

Result:
About almost half of the population is dependent on nicotine (51.6%). Daily smokeless tobacco users who are married and have a tobacco user in the family are mostly dependent on smokeless tobacco. Severity of smokeless tobacco dependence for nicotine dependence among smokeless tobacco users were associated with low academic achievement, increased awareness of side effects, and increase in duration and frequency of use.

Conclusion:
Nicotine dependence has increased despite efforts in the field in the recent years. Therefore, we need to have a mechanism for combining behavioral therapy and pharmacotherapy that may increase smoking cessation rates.
A bibliometric review on the top 20 cited articles in the Jackson heart study
Authors: Shareef Mohammad Abrar , AlAmodi Abdulhadi A. 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Cardiovascular diseases are higher in African American population, and in the past three decades, less decline in mortality was observed in African Americans compared with white Americans American health disparities resulted in establishing one of the largest single-site investigations to examine causes of cardiovascular diseases in African American population, namely the Jackson Heart Study (JHS).

Methods:
In January 2020, we used the jacksonheartstudy.org website to obtain the list of publications produced by the JHS from 1999 to 2018. The citation’s frequency was obtained for 455 articles using the search engine “google.com”. The top 20 cited articles were characterized based on the first author’s name, the month and year of publication, and the journal’s name and its impact factor.

Results:
The frequency of citations for the 20 most-cited articles in the Jackson heart study ranged from 282 to 5545. The average number of citations was 1045.60. The top 20 articles were represented in 8 different peer-reviewed journals.

Conclusion:
The top 20 cited articles in the JHS were in the genetics field and were all observational in type. Future direction of the JHS should be directed toward well established interventional studies.
Design and development of a training video for Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHAs) on brief psychological intervention for depression
Authors: Kapanee Aruna Rose Mary , Meena Kolar S. , Nattala Prasanthi , Manjunatha Narayana , Sudhir Paulomi M. 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Depression poses a major public health burden and has a large treatment gap in India. The study attempts to address this treatment gap by developing a training video for Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHAs), who are community health workers, on brief psychological intervention for depression.

Methods:
The systematic steps utilized in the design and development of the training video on depression were: 1) Content development of the video script and training booklet for ASHAs based on the review of research literature and two Focus Group Discussions, 2) Mental Health Professionals’ evaluation of the video script and training booklet for ASHAs, 3) Translation from English to Kannada, 4) ASHAs’ evaluation of the video script and training booklet for ASHAs, 5) Conversion of the video script into a ‘shooting script’, 6) Video production, 7) Evaluation of the training video, 8) Post-production of the training video, and 9) Development of the training guide.

Results:
The training video titled “Light of Hope: A Training Video on Depression” was developed along with two training booklets, which are complementary resource materials, for ASHAs and the training Facilitators. The brief psychological intervention for depression elucidated in the training video incorporates the evidence-based strategies of Psychoeducation, Activity Scheduling, Problem-Solving Skills Training, and Diaphragmatic/Abdominal Breathing Skills Training.

Conclusion:
The study demonstrates the systematic approach that can be employed for the design and development of a mental health training video, which has evidence-based content, incorporates stakeholders’ evaluative perspectives, and is culturally contextualized.
Association of atrial fibrillation with diabetic nephropathy
Authors: Arnous Maha M. , Al Saidan Aseel A. , Al Dalbhi Sultan , Balghith Mohammed A. , Al Tahan Talal M. , Al Sayed Khalid A. 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Many studies have provided evidence for an increased risk of atrial fibrillation among diabetic patients as compared to the nondiabetic population. It is also well known that diabetes predisposes a person to an increased risk of diabetic nephropathy. A few reviews and studies have hinted towards an increased risk of atrial fibrillation among diabetic nephropathy patients; however, there is no concrete evidence at present.

Aim:
To conduct a meta-analysis to explore if there is an association between diabetic nephropathy and atrial fibrillation.

Methods:
The available literature was searched for relevant studies from the period of January 1995 to November 2020. The following quality assessment criteria were considered for study shortlisting: clearly defined comparison groups, same outcome measured in both comparison groups, known confounders addressed, and a sufficiently long and complete (more than 80%) follow-up of patients. Two independent reviewers searched the databases, formed their search strategies, and finalized the studies. The data were analyzed to obtain a summary odds ratio along with a forest plot by Cochrane’s RevMan 5.3.

Results:
Only four studies were found to meet the inclusion criterion for this meta-analysis (total number of study participants: 307330, diabetic nephropathy patients: 22855). Of these, two were retrospective cross-sectional studies, one was a prospective cohort study, and one was a case-control study. Three studies had provided the odds ratio as the measure of effect (two retrospective cross-sectional studies and one case-control study), with the one cohort study reporting the hazards ratio as the measure of effect. Therefore, the meta-analysis was done excluding the cohort study. The summary odds ratio in the present study was 1.32 (0.80–2.18), which was not statistically significant. Due to large heterogeneity among the included studies and their small sample sizes, it was found that the summary estimate shifted towards the null value.

Conclusion:
The present meta-analysis found no significant association between atrial fibrillation and diabetic nephropathy. However, more studies with large sample sizes are required to strengthen the evidence for an association.
Association Between Household Food Insecurity and Nutritional Status Among Children of age <5 years
Authors: Burman Jayeeta , Paul Bobby , Sembiah Sembagamuthu , Parida Darshan , Negi Rudresh , Vantepaka Shankar , Subbakrishna N 
Published: August 2022

Context:
Household food insecurity (HFI) is considered one of the main risk factors of undernutrition. However, the evidence is not conclusive in our study settings. This study aimed to examine the association between HFI and nutritional status.

Materials and Methods:
It was a community-based cross-sectional observational study among children of age <5 years and their mothers (n = 257) conducted in a slum of Kolkata, West Bengal, carried out from March to May 2019. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software (version 16.0. Chicago, SPSS Inc.). Logistic regression analysis was performed to find out the association.

Results:
The current study found that 72.4% of participants living in food-insecure households and the proportion of underweight, wasting, and stunting among the under-five children found to be 29.9%, 17.8%, and 27.2%, respectively. Bivariate analysis showed wasting and stunting associated with HFI, whereas in multivariable regression, only stunting remained significant.

Conclusion and Implications:
Food insecurity (FI) remains a predictor of chronic undernutrition (wasting and stunting) highlighting the need for multisectoral strategies and policies to combat FI and multiple forms of malnutrition which will lay the foundation for sustainable and inclusive growth.
Reclassification of Salivary Gland Aspirates Based on “The Milan System for Reporting Salivary Gland Cytology”
Authors: Pahwa Saloni , Panjwani Poonam , Gnanapriya V 
Published: August 2022

Introduction:
The Milan System for reporting salivary gland cytopathology helps standardize reporting systems across institutions, improve communication between clinicians and pathologists and guide the clinical management of patients.

Aims:
This study was undertaken to evaluate the utility of the Milan system classification in cytology reporting.

Settings and Design:
The present study is a retrospective study conducted over a period of five years in tertiary care centre.

Methods and Materials:
All the cases of salivary gland aspirates were reviewed and reclassified into six diagnostic categories according to the Milan system of reporting salivary gland cytology (MSRSGC). Cytological diagnosis was correlated with the histopathological diagnosis wherever available.

Results:
A total of 258 cases were classified using the Milan system as non-diagnostic (20.9%), non-neoplastic (26.3%), atypia of undetermined significance (4.7%), neoplasm benign (37.5%), neoplasm of uncertain malignant potential (3.5%), suspicious for malignancy (0.4%), and malignancy (6.6%). Cytohistological discordance was noted among 8/76 cases (10.5%). The sensitivity and specificity of FNAC were 75% and 98.5%, respectively. The risk of malignancy was 14.2% for Category I, 9% for II, 50% for III, zero for IVA and IVB, and 83.3% for category VI.

Conclusions:
The new classification system helps pathologists to standardize reporting leading to better clinical and surgical management.
The Potential Use of Three-Dimensional Mobile Free-to-Use Web App to Increase Neurosurgical Patients’ Understanding in Low-Resource Setting
Authors: Putra Johansyah Theodorus Kevin , Sari Felicia Puspita , Satrio Kenny , Jonathan Jeremy , Andhika Yogiswara Made Dwi 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Patient education has become a pivotal component in neurosurgery. However, it is difficult to ensure a good patient understanding, mainly due to the complex nature of the diseases and procedures. The increased utilization of technological advancements such as Internet and mobile devices has provided the opportunity for health-care professionals, including neurosurgeons to incorporate them into their practice. In this review, we present the potential use of a free, web-based, three-dimensional (3D) visualization app (BioDigital®) along with the practical steps needed to set it up.

Materials and Methods:
This journal is done by electronic searching using “Patient Education” and “Imaging, 3D” as keywords. Final 23 journals met the criteria for this paper, from 325 journals that were reviewed.

Results:
Three-dimensional visualization apps have the potential to provide better neurosurgical patient education.

Conclusion:
The ease of use, portable nature, and low barrier of entry of using 3D visualization apps are expected to provide better neurosurgical patient education in a low-resource setting.
Key Predictors of Arteriovenous Fistula Maturation: A Retrospective, Single-Center Study
Authors: Hartanto Wilopo Ivor Wiguna , Krisna Wibawa I Gusti Agung Bagus , Bagus Mahadewa Tjokorda Gde 
Published: August 2022

Background:
Arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is the gold standard for vascular access in renal replacement therapy. Despite the routine use of preoperative ultrasound mapping to increase the maturation rate of AVF creation, the failure rate was still high. This study aimed to identify the risk factors contributing to AVF maturation.

Methods:
A retrospective, single-center study was conducted in Sanglah General Hospital, Bali. The inclusion criteria were patients aged ≥18 years with end-stage renal disease who required hemodialysis and conducted AVF creation between January 2020 and December 2020. We next investigate the effects of demography characteristics, patient history, and preoperative vascular measurement on the AVF development to discover characteristics linked to AVF maturation. Multivariable logistic regression was performed.

Results:
Eighty patients were included in the study with a mean age of 50.99 ± 14.2 years. Bivariate analysis shows that there is association between preoperative vein diameter (relative risk [RR] = 3.3; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.98–5.71); body mass index (BMI) (RR = 3; 95% CI: 1.99–4.60); history of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) (RR = 2.2; 95% CI: 1.39–3.48); and history of diabetes mellitus (RR = 1.9; 95% CI: 1.16–3.32) with AVF maturation. Patient age, sex, history of smoking, hypertension, and vein distensibility were not associated with AVF maturation. Multivariate analysis shows that only BMI, PAD, and preoperative vein diameter >2 mm are associated with AVF maturation.

Conclusion:
History-taking and preoperative examination could be the significant predictors of AVF maturation. Further study with extensive samples’ various parameters is needed.
Associated Factors of Postthrombotic Syndrome in Patients with Deep Vein Thrombosis
Authors: Ananta Wijaya Ida Bagus , Krisna Wibawa I Gusti Agung Bagus , Golden I Nyoman 
Published: August 2022

Background:
The aim of the study is to describe the relationship between various risk factors and the incidence of postthrombotic syndrome (PTS) at Sanglah General Hospital.

Methods:
This was a case–control study conducted in 2019 at Sanglah General Hospital, Denpasar. The presence or absence of risk factors in patients who met the inclusion criteria would then be obtained from medical records. Univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analyses were performed using SPSS.

Results:
From 48 patients, 60.5% of the subjects were ≤60 years old and 56.3% were female. In the bivariate analysis, it was found that not using anticoagulants (odds ratio [OR]: 7.28; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.03–26.10; P = 0.00), obesity (OR: 26.4; 95% CI = 5.54–125.7; P = 0.00), and history of surgery (OR: 4.94; 95% CI = 0.92–26.41; P = 0.04) were the risk factors associated with the incidence of PTS. Meanwhile, in the multivariate analysis, it was found that obesity status was the most dominant factor, in which obese patients had a 31.91-fold higher risk of experiencing PTS (95% CI: 4.623–220.3; P = 0.00).

Conclusion:
Obesity, not using anticoagulants, and history of surgery were the factors that were independently associated with the occurrence of PTS in patients with deep vein thrombosis.