bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design and preparation of high-performance polymer mortars based on performance prediction model
Authors: Qi Shuai , Wang Xingyao , Li Bo , Ran Qianping , Sun Dewen , Liu Chang , Zhang Xiao 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This article had presented a systematic and adjustable method to forecast the performance of certain type of polymer mortars, most of all, using the performance prediction model to accurately control the dosages of water reducing agent (D

WR
), cellulose (D

C
), polypropylene fiber (D

F
), expansion agent (D

EA
), redispersible emulsion powder (D

REP
), and cement content (C

C
), according to the changes of properties of polymer mortars. The article had given a full verification supported by a series of orthogonal experiment results to demonstrate the effectiveness and the feedback loop between raw materials and properties of polymer mortars, which had revealed a big practical value and convenience for rapid construction in the job sites, especially for researchers and engineers in the field. Its effort to avoid, or at least control the damage of polymer powders to compressive strength of cement mortars. The mix proportion of high-performance polymer mortars (HPMs) was determined as follows, considering the working and mechanical properties: D

WR
was 0.85 g, D

C
was 1.05 g, D

F
was 1.15 g, C

C
was 42%, D

EA
was 10 g, and D

REP
was 20 g. Successfully created HPMs with pumping resistance of just 61.6N, compressive strength of 68.5MPa at 28d.
Flow direction algorithm and Biogeography-based optimization via fuzzy neural network approach for the prediction of high-performance concrete strength property
Authors: Lin Fang 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Concrete is one of the most useful materials in the construction industry. Conventional concrete comprises additives such as cement, water, and aggregates. This concrete cannot be used for very important and sensitive structures. For this reason, high-performance concrete (HPC) has been used to achieve the desired and more suitable compressive strength by employing some additives. The additional variable is cement, fly ash, blast furnace slag, superplasticizer, fine aggregate, and coarse aggregate. On the other hand, to obtain a mixture of these materials, laboratory work is not economical and saves time. Therefore, soft-based modeling is the order of the day to solve this problem. The adaptive network fuzzy inference system model is one of the ways to achieve compressive strength close to the laboratory model, which is a smart modeling move. This model has to be optimized to get better and more satisfying results, which is done by two optimizers, Biogeography-Based Optimization (BBO) and Flow Direction Algorithm (FDA), which have bright created and powerful for better performance. Furthermore, in the outputs of these two models, BBO-ANFIS and FDA-ANFIS, certain errors and desired percentages are used to select the most suitable and ideal model for the desired output, i.e., the compressibility of concrete in high-performance concrete. In the relevant modeling, the number of evaluators in the ANFISBBO combined model is R2 = 0.8926, RMSE = 5.0406, MAE = 3.7145, A20-index = 0.8382 and U95 = 13.881, and in ANFISFDA, R2 = 0.912, RMSE = 4.7294, MAE = 3.5367, A20-index = 0.8414, and U95 = 13.054 is obtained. According to the obtained numbers, it is clear that the ANFISFDA combined model has been able to get better results than the BBO-ANFIS model.
Robust and scalable uncertainty estimation with conformal prediction for machine-learned interatomic potentials
Authors: Hu Yuge , Musielewicz Joseph , Ulissi Zachary W , Medford Andrew J 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Uncertainty quantification (UQ) is important to machine learning (ML) force fields to assess the level of confidence during prediction, as ML models are not inherently physical and can therefore yield catastrophically incorrect predictions. Established a-posteriori UQ methods, including ensemble methods, the dropout method, the delta method, and various heuristic distance metrics, have limitations such as being computationally challenging for large models due to model re-training. In addition, the uncertainty estimates are often not rigorously calibrated. In this work, we propose combining the distribution-free UQ method, known as conformal prediction (CP), with the distances in the neural network’s latent space to estimate the uncertainty of energies predicted by neural network force fields. We evaluate this method (CP+latent) along with other UQ methods on two essential aspects, calibration, and sharpness, and find this method to be both calibrated and sharp under the assumption of independent and identically-distributed (i.i.d.) data. We show that the method is relatively insensitive to hyperparameters selected, and test the limitations of the method when the i.i.d. assumption is violated. Finally, we demonstrate that this method can be readily applied to trained neural network force fields with traditional and graph neural network architectures to obtain estimates of uncertainty with low computational costs on a training dataset of 1 million images to showcase its scalability and portability. Incorporating the CP method with latent distances offers a calibrated, sharp and efficient strategy to estimate the uncertainty of neural network force fields. In addition, the CP approach can also function as a promising strategy for calibrating uncertainty estimated by other approaches.
The role of grain boundaries in solid-state Li-metal batteries
Authors: Milan Emily , Pasta Mauro 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Despite the potential advantages promised by solid-state batteries, the success of solid-state electrolytes has not yet been fully realised. This is due in part to the lower ionic conductivity of solid electrolytes. In many solid superionic conductors, grain boundaries are found to be ionically resistive and hence contribute to this lower ionic conductivity. Additionally, in spite of the hope that solid electrolytes would inhibit lithium filaments, in most scenarios their growth is still observed, and in some polycrystalline systems this is suggested to occur along grain boundaries. It is apparent that grain boundaries affect the performance of solid-state electrolytes, however a deeper understanding is lacking. In this perspective, the current theories relating to grain boundaries in solid-state electrolytes are explored, as well as addressing some of the challenges which arise when trying to investigate their role. Glasses are presented as a possible solution to reduce the effect of grain boundaries in electrolytes. Future research directions are suggested which will aid in both understanding the role of grain boundaries, and diminishing their contribution in cases where they are detrimental.
Unpacking the NIH Toolbox Emotion Battery in Persons With Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Lopez Francesca V , Schade Rachel , Ratajska Adrianna , Kenney Lauren , Rodriguez Katie , Ray Alyssa , Santos Lauren , Scott Bonnie M , Trifilio Erin , Bowers Dawn 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectiveExamine the relationship between the National Institutes of Health Toolbox Emotion Battery (Emotion Toolbox) and traditional measures in Parkinson’s disease (PD).MethodPersons with PD (n = 30) and cognitively healthy older adults (OA; n = 40) completed the Emotion Toolbox consisting of Well-Being, Negative Affect, and Social Satisfaction scores along with traditional measures of depression (Beck Depression Inventory-II [BDI-II]), anxiety (State–Trait Anxiety Inventory [STAI]), and apathy (Apathy Scale [AS]); total raw scores).ResultsSeparate bootstrapped analyses of covariance indicated that the PD group scored higher on BDI-II and STAI-State compared to OA (ps &lt; .01); groups did not differ on Emotion Toolbox. In the PD group, bootstrapped partial correlations indicated that Negative Affect was positively related to BDI-II and STAI (ps ≤ .001). Social Satisfaction was negatively related to BDI-II and STAI-Trait (.05 &lt; ps &lt; .004). Psychological Well-Being was negatively related to BDI-II, AS, and STAI (p &lt; .004). No relationships emerged in OA. In the PD group, separate binary logistic regressions showed that traditional measures (BDI-II, AS, and STAI-Trait) correctly classified 79.6% those with formal psychiatric diagnoses (presence vs. absence; p &lt; .011), whereas Emotion Toolbox measures correctly classified 73.3% (p &lt; .019).ConclusionsThe Emotion Toolbox showed moderate-strong correlations with traditional measures in persons with PD. Even so, it did not capture the group differences between PD and OA and had a somewhat lower classification accuracy rate for persons with PD who had a formal psychiatric diagnosis than traditional measures. Together, findings question the utility of the Emotion Toolbox as a stand-alone emotion screener in PD.
Pharokka: a fast scalable bacteriophage annotation tool
Authors: Bouras George , Nepal Roshan , Houtak Ghais , Psaltis Alkis James , Wormald Peter-John , Vreugde Sarah 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Summary
In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in bacteriophages, which has led to growing numbers of bacteriophage genomic sequences becoming available. Consequently, there is a need for a rapid and consistent genomic annotation tool dedicated for bacteriophages. Existing tools either are not designed specifically for bacteriophages or are web- and email-based and require significant manual curation, which makes their integration into bioinformatic pipelines challenging. Pharokka was created to provide a tool that annotates bacteriophage genomes easily, rapidly and consistently with standards compliant outputs. Moreover, Pharokka requires only two lines of code to install and use and takes under 5 min to run for an average 50-kb bacteriophage genome.

Availability and implementation
Pharokka is implemented in Python and is available as a bioconda package using ‘conda install -c bioconda pharokka’. The source code is available on GitHub (https://github.com/gbouras13/pharokka). Pharokka has been tested on Linux-64 and MacOSX machines and on Windows using a Linux Virtual Machine.
Provision of NICE-recommended varicose vein treatment in the NHS
Authors: Hitchman Louise H , Mohamed Abduraheem , Smith George E , Pymer Sean , Chetter Ian C , Forsyth James , Carradice Daniel 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background
Standardization of access to treatment and compliance with clinical guidelines are important to ensure the delivery of high-quality care to people with varicose veins. In the National Health Service (NHS) in England, commissioning of care for people with varicose veins is performed by Clinical Commissioning Groups (CCGs) and clinical guidelines have been developed by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE CG168). The Evidence-Based Intervention (EBI) programme was introduced in the NHS with the aim of improving care quality and supporting implementation of NICE CG168. The aim of this study was to assess access to varicose vein treatments in the NHS and the impact of EBI.

Methods
CCG policies for the delivery of varicose vein treatments in the NHS in England were obtained from 2017 (before EBI introduction) and 2019 (after EBI introduction) and categorized by two independent reviewers into levels of compliance with NICE CG168. Hospital Episode Statistics data were compared with the NICE commissioning model predictions. A quality-adjusted life-year was valued at £20 000 (Euro 23 000 15 November 2022).

Results
Despite the introduction of the EBI programme, CCG compliance with NICE CG168 fell from 34.0 per cent (64 of 191) to 29.0 per cent (55 of 191). Some 33.0 per cent of CCG policies (63 of 191) became less compliant and only 7.3 per cent (14 of 191) changed to become fully compliant. Overall, 66.5 per cent of CCGs (127 of 191) provided less than the recommended intervention rate before EBI and this increased to 73.3 per cent (140 of191) after EBI. The overall proportion of patients estimated to require treatment annually who received treatment fell from 44.0 to 37.0 per cent. The associated estimated loss in net health benefit was between £164 and 174 million (Euro 188 million and 199 million 15 November 2022) over 3 years. A compliant policy was associated with a higher intervention rate; however, commissioning policy was associated with only 16.8 per cent of the variation in intervention rate (R2 = 0.168, P &lt; 0.001).

Conclusion
Many local varicose vein commissioning policies in the NHS are not compliant with NICE CG168. More than half of patients who should be offered varicose vein treatment are not receiving it, and there is widespread geographical variation. The EBI programme has not been associated with any improvement in commissioning or access to varicose vein treatment.
The RAGE/DIAPH1 axis: mediator of obesity and proposed biomarker of human cardiometabolic disease
Authors: Arivazhagan Lakshmi , Popp Collin J , Ruiz Henry H , Wilson Robin A , Manigrasso Michaele B , Shekhtman Alexander , Ramasamy Ravichandran , Sevick Mary Ann , Schmidt Ann Marie 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Overweight and obesity are leading causes of cardiometabolic dysfunction. Despite extensive investigation, the mechanisms mediating the increase in these conditions are yet to be fully understood. Beyond the endogenous formation of advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) in overweight and obesity, exogenous sources of AGEs accrue through the heating, production, and consumption of highly processed foods. Evidence from cellular and mouse model systems indicates that the interaction of AGEs with their central cell surface receptor for AGE (RAGE) in adipocytes suppresses energy expenditure and that AGE/RAGE contributes to increased adipose inflammation and processes linked to insulin resistance. In human subjects, the circulating soluble forms of RAGE, which are mutable, may serve as biomarkers of obesity and weight loss. Antagonists of RAGE signalling, through blockade of the interaction of the RAGE cytoplasmic domain with the formin, Diaphanous-1 (DIAPH1), target aberrant RAGE activities in metabolic tissues. This review focuses on the potential roles for AGEs and other RAGE ligands and RAGE/DIAPH1 in the pathogenesis of overweight and obesity and their metabolic consequences.
Uncomfortable yet necessary: The impact of PPE on communication in emergency medicine
Authors: Aengst Jennifer , Walker-Stevenson Grace , Harrod Tabria , Ivankovic Jonathan , Neilson Jacob , Guise Jeanne-Marie 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background
The efficacy of pre-hospital emergency services is heavily dependent on the effective communication of care providers. This effective communication occurs between providers as part of a team and also among providers interacting with family members and patients. The COVID-19 pandemic introduced a number of communication challenges to emergency care, which are primarily linked to the increased use of personal protective equipment (PPE).

Objective
We sought to analyze the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on emergency medical service (EMS) workers and pre-hospital care delivery.

Methods
We conducted focus groups and one-on-one interviews with fire-based EMS first responders between September 2021 and 2022. Interviews included questions about job-related stress, EMS skills, work experiences and changes during COVID-19. Interviews were recorded, independently dual coded and analyzed for themes.

Results
Two hundred twenty-three first responders participated in 40 focus groups and 40 lead paramedics participated in individual interviews. We found that additional use of PPE was reported to have significantly impaired efficiency and perceptions of quality of care—among EMS team members and also between EMS workers and patients. EMS personnels also experienced on-scene hostility on arrival (from both families and other agencies). Extensive use of PPE muffles voices, obscures facial expressions and can cause team members to have difficulty recognizing and communicating with one another and can be a barrier to showing empathy and connecting with patients. Creative solutions such as putting a hand on someone’s shoulder, wearing name tags on suits and explaining rationale for perceived delays were mentioned as methods to transcend these barriers. The appearance of providers in heavy PPE can be unsettling and create barriers to human connection, particularly for pediatric patients.

Conclusion
Human connection is an important element of health-care delivery and healing. These findings shed light on new skills that are needed to initiate and maintain human connection in these times of PPE use, especially full-body PPE. Awareness of the communication and empathy barriers posed by PPE is the first step to improving provider–patient interactions in pre-hospital EMS. Additionally, ‘communication-friendly’ adaptations of PPE equipment may be an important area for future research and development in manufacturing and the health-care industry.
Antibody-Based Methods Reveal the Protein Expression Properties of Glucosinolate Sulfatase 1 and 2 in Plutella xylostella
Authors: Xiong Yu , Jiang Chaoyang , Amir Muhammad Bilal , Dong Yuhong , Xie Lianjie , Liao Yuan , He Weiyi , Lu Zhanjun , Chen Wei 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The glucosinolates (GLs) and myrosinase defensive systems in cruciferous plants were circumvented by Plutella xylostella using glucosinolate sulfatases (PxGSSs) during pest-plant interaction. Despite identifying three duplicated GSS-encoding genes in P. xylostella, limited information regarding their spatiotemporal and induced expression is available. Here, we investigated the tissue- and stage-specific expression and induction in response to GLs of PxGSS1 and PxGSS2 (PxGSS1/2) at the protein level, which shares a high degree of similarity in protein sequences. Western blotting (WB) analysis showed that PxGSS1/2 exhibited a higher protein level in mature larvae, their guts, and gut content. A significantly high protein and transcript levels of PxGSS1/2 were also detected in the salivary glands using WB and qRT-PCR. The immunofluorescence (IF) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) results confirmed that PxGSS1/2 is widely expressed in the larval body. The IHC was more appropriate than IF when autofluorescence interference was present in collected samples. Furthermore, the content of PxGSS1/2 did not change significantly under treatments of GL mixture from Arabidopsis thaliana ecotype Col-0, or commercial ally (sinigrin), 4-(methylsulfinyl)butyl, 3-(methylsulfinyl)propyl, and indol-3-ylmethyl GLs indicating that the major GLs from leaves of A. thaliana Col-0 failed to induce the expression of proteins for both PxGSS1 and PxGSS2. Our study systemically characterized the expression properties of PxGSS1/2 at the protein level, which improves our understanding of PxGSS1/2-center adaptation in P. xylostella during long-term insect-plant interaction.
The Visible Cash Effect with Prepaid Incentives: Evidence for Data Quality, Response Rates, Generalizability, and Cost
Authors: DeBell Matthew 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA prior study found that mailing prepaid incentives with $5 cash visible from outside the envelope increased the response rate to a mail survey by 4 percentage points compared to cash that was not externally visible. This “visible cash effect” suggests opportunities to improve survey response at little or no cost, but many unknowns remain. Among them: Does the visible cash effect generalize to different survey modes, respondent burdens, and cash amounts? Does it differ between fresh samples and reinterview samples? Does it affect data quality or survey costs? This article examines these questions using two linked studies where incentive visibility was randomized in a large probability sample for the American National Election Studies. The first study used $10 incentives with invitations to a long web questionnaire (median 71 minutes, n = 17,849). Visible cash increased response rates in a fresh sample for both screener and extended interview response (by 6.7 and 4.8 percentage points, respectively). Visible cash did not increase the response rate in a reinterview sample where the baseline reinterview response rate was very high (72 percent). The second study used $5 incentives with invitations to a mail-back paper questionnaire (n = 8,000). Visible cash increased the response rate in a sample of prior nonrespondents by 4.0 percentage points (from 31.5 to 35.5), but it did not increase the response rate in a reinterview sample where the baseline reinterview rate was very high (84 percent). In the two studies, several aspects of data quality were investigated, including speeding, non-differentiation, item nonresponse, nonserious responses, noncredible responses, sample composition, and predictive validity; no adverse effects of visible cash were detected, and sample composition improved marginally. Effects on survey costs were either negligible or resulted in net savings. Accumulated evidence now shows that visible cash can increase incentives’ effectiveness in several circumstances.
Judging the Law of the Sea
Authors: Klein Natalie , Parlett Kate 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Judging the Law of the Sea focuses on how the law of the sea is being developed through cases by judges interpreting and applying the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS). The cases have not only progressively refined the parameters for the exercise of compulsory jurisdiction under UNCLOS, but also steadily contributed to the interpretation and application of substantive rights and obligations in the law of the sea. The book details considerations relating to jurisdiction over and admissibility of disputes under UNCLOS. It further assesses the substantive law of the sea that has been addressed during UNCLOS dispute settlement. These issues extend to questions about maritime space, maritime boundary delimitation, rights of navigation, fisheries, and the protection of the marine environment. The book provides an intensive study of the decisions to date and assesses how those decisions have influenced and will continue to influence the law of the sea in the future. Judging the Law of the Sea also contemplates what role any judge could or should play in reaching decisions to resolve critical international disputes.
Maritime Boundary Delimitation
Authors: Klein Natalie , Parlett Kate 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The adjudication of maritime boundary delimitations has occurred through dispute settlement procedures available in the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) as well as by other agreements to refer disputes to the International Court of Justice or arbitration. Judicial discussion on the method of boundary delimitation as well as the relevant considerations in drawing a boundary is examined in this chapter. The chapter considers the delimitation of the territorial sea, as well as the delimitation of overlapping entitlements to the exclusive economic zone and continental shelf. More recent cases have also prompted judicial decisions on the delimitation of the outer continental shelf. The final part of the chapter examines cases that have assessed requirements relating to the establishment of provisional arrangements pending the delimitation of maritime boundaries.