bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Processing and characterization of SS316 based metal matrix composite casting through microwave hybrid heating
Authors: Pal Jatinder , Gupta Dheeraj , Singh Tejinder Paul 
Published: May 2022

In the current study, metal matrix composites of iron-based alloy (SS316) are successfully cast by the application of a novel processing route of microwave hybrid heating (MHH). The castings of iron-base alloy (SS316) powder and reinforced with 10 wt.% EWAC1004 (Ni-based) + 3 wt.% WC-12Co are developed in the domestic microwave oven power of 900 W and frequency 2.45 GHz. The mechanical and metallurgical properties of the prepared casts are investigated. The value of the mean particle size of the powder used is found to be 40 μm. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), optical microscopy (OM), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), and Vickers’s microhardness tester are used for the characterization of so developed composites samples. The microstructure is reported as elongated columnar grains or lathlike structure with uniform melting of the iron-based (SS316) matrix has been achieved. The XRD confirmed the presence of typical carbides and intermetallic. The average micro-hardness of the reinforced composites is reported as 420 ± 90 HV0.3. The achieved microhardness of cast samples is 2 times the commercially received SS316. The micro-hardness obtained on the surface of the carbide phase is 648.16 HV0.3. The porosity of the prepared cast is found to be less than 2% which is approximately 3 times less as compared to commercially received SS316. The relative density of the microwave cast SS316 without reinforcement is found to be maximum with the value of 98%. The value of grain size of the microwave-casted composite samples is reduced to 23 microns (μm)
MiR-200c-3p regulates pyroptosis by targeting SLC30A7 in diabetic retinopathy
Authors: Li Weina , Yang Sheng , Chen Guangsheng , He Shiping 
Published: May 2022

Clinical relevance: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been reported to be involved in the progression of various diseases. Studying the regulatory mechanisms of miRNAs can help clinical treatment. Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the complications of diabetes. The objective of this study was to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms by which miR-200c-3p regulates the pyroptosis of DR cell. Methods: Human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (HRMECs) and high glucose (HG) cultures established DR cell model in vitro. RT-qPCR is used to detect the expression level of miRNAs. CCK-8 assays and flow cytometry are used to detect apoptosis of HRMECs cell. Western blotting is used to detect cleaved caspase-3, cleaved caspase-1, and N-GSDMD proteins levels in HRMECs. The ELISA assay is used to detect the expression of IL-1β and IL-18. Predict and validate potential binding sites between miR-200c-3p and SLC30A7 by dual luciferase reporter gene analysis. Results: The results showed that HG caused damage to HRMECs through the pyroptosis pathway rather than the apoptosis pathway. MiR-200c-3p is highly expressed in HG induced-HRMECs, and knockdown of miR-200c-3p mitigates HG-induced HRMECs pyroptosis. MiR-200c-3p negatively targets SLC30A7 in HRMECs, and miR-200c-3p regulates pyroptosis of HG-induced HRMECs by targeting SLC30A7. Conclusion: The results suggest that miR-200c-3p might be a promising interference target for DR prevention and treatment. The results of current study may provide new insights into development of therapeutic strategies for DR.
The use of acupuncture in patients with Raynaud’s syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Zhou Fangwen , Huang Emma , Zheng Elena , Deng Jiawen 
Published: May 2022

Objective: To assess the effectiveness of acupuncture for the treatment of Raynaud’s syndrome by conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Methods: Studies were identified from English and Chinese databases from their inception to September 2020. The outcomes of interest were remission incidence, number of daily attacks, incidence of positive cold stimulation tests and incidence of cold provocation tests. We conducted meta-analysis and network meta-analysis using meta and gemtc. Results: Six trials (n = 272 participants) were included in the meta-analysis. Pairwise meta-analyses show that acupuncture was associated with increased remission incidence (risk ratio (RR) = 1.21, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.10 to 1.34), decreased daily number of attacks (weighted mean difference (WMD) = −0.57, 95% CI = −1.14 to −0.01), and increased incidence of positive cold stimulation tests (RR = 1.64, 95% CI = 1.27 to 2.11). There was not enough evidence to associate acupuncture with decreased incidence of positive cold provocation tests. The network meta-analyses did not demonstrate significant results for the effectiveness of any acupuncture treatments (electroacupuncture or manual acupuncture ± moxibustion), compared with controls, in terms of remission incidence or daily number of attacks, possibly due to small sample sizes and a lack of statistical power. Conclusion: The use of acupuncture may be effective for the treatment of Raynaud’s syndrome in terms of increasing remission incidence, decreasing daily number of attacks and increasing incidences of positive cold stimulation tests. However, our findings should be interpreted with caution due to small sample sizes, very low quality of evidence and high risk of bias. Future large-scale RCTs are warranted.
Reliability and Construct Validity Assessment of Wong and Law Emotional Intelligence Scale and Satisfaction With Life Scale in the Indian Hospitality Industry
Authors: Traymbak Shruti , Sharma Ashok , Dutta Mili 
Published: May 2022

Background: Organizations today require employees who are well at managing emotional intelligence and using their emotions in a constructive process. The present study considered the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) and Wong and Law Emotional Intelligence Scale (WLEIS) for the study. WLEIS has four factors: self-emotional appraisal (SEA), other’s emotional appraisal (OEA), regulation of emotion (ROE), and use of emotions (UOE). These scales help to manage emotions that result in satisfaction with life. Purpose: The purpose of the study is to validate WLEIS and SWLS because this scale has been validated across many countries but very few studies have been conducted in the Indian context. Apart from that, the current study also incorporated SWLS to validate constructs and measurement models. Methods: A sample of 238 participants working in the hospitality industry have been considered for the study. Exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were used to validate all the constructs and measurement models. Results: The three factors of WLEIS and SWLS showed Cronbach’s α more than 0.8 that showed excellent internal consistency except for SEA. The results of exploratory factor analysis found that eigenvalue ranged from 2.8 to 5.9, and the total variance explained by constructs was 65.9%. Confirmatory factor analysis showed average variance explained of each construct to be 0.5, and composite reliability to be more than 0.7, which shows excellent construct validity of scales in the Indian hospitality sector. The study also validates measurement research model of WLEIS and SWLS on the basis of model fit index (chi-square/df = 4.83, RMSEA = 0.10, GFI = 0.94, and CFI = 0.90). Conclusion: The strong validity and reliability of the WLEIS and SWLS have proved that neuroscience can apply these scales to measure emotional intelligence in order to understand others’ emotions and apply emotions in a constructive process that may lead to satisfaction with life.
National Education Policy 2020: A Prudent Vision of India’s Soft Power in the Emerging World Order
Authors: Khushnam P.N.  
Published: May 2022

India has been a point of attraction for world throughout the history as ‘Golden Bird’ as land of spiritualism, architectural marvels and cultural heritage. Buddhist ‘Middle Path’ to Kautaliya’s pragmatic political thought and Gandhi’s strategy of Satyagraha and non-violence attract appreciation around the world. The two decades of 21st century has immensely boosted India’s soft power. Yoga and Ayurveda have assumed prominent place in the life and practice of people worldwide with celebration of ‘International Yoga Day’. The National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 has placed special emphasis on the rich heritage of culture, knowledge and thought as its guiding light are very attractive option and way of life. With pandemic underway, our yoga practice assumed added importance and popularity to deal with multiple socio-psychological and physical issues. The vision of the NEP once translated in practice can prove to be an unbeatable soft power to facilitate India to achieve its global leadership position in the emerging world order.
Prevalence and Distribution of Human Papillomavirus Genotypes (1997–2019) and Their Association With Cervical Cancer and Precursor Lesions in Women From Southern Mexico
Authors: Alarcón-Romero Luz del Carmen , Organista-Nava Jorge , Gómez-Gómez Yazmín , Ortiz-Ortiz Julio , Hernández-Sotelo Daniel , del Moral-Hernández Oscar , Mendoza-Catalán Miguel Angel , Antaño-Arias Ramón , Leyva-Vázquez Marco Antonio , Sales-Linares Natividad , Antonio-Véjar Verónica , Illades-Aguiar Berenice 
Published: May 2022

Background Cervical cancer (CC) is the fourth most common malignancy of the female genital tract. Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is the main cause of precancerous lesions and CC cases worldwide Objective We assessed the prevalence and distribution of HPV types and their association with precancerous lesions and CC. Methods HPV genotypes were detected by 3 methods depending on the year of in which the sample was analyzed: MY09/11 RFLPs (1997 to 2010), GP5+/6+ primer systems (2005 to 2010) and INNO-LiPA HPV Genotyping Extra (2010 to 2019) in cervical samples (No-IL: 4445; LSIL: 2464; HSILs: 151 and CC: 253) from women from southern Mexico. Results The overall HPV prevalence was 54.17%, and hpv-16 was the most common genotype. In single infection, the high-risk HPV genotypes (group 1) were associated with squamous intraepitelial lesions (LSIL: HPV–39 (OR = 10.58, 95% CI 4.09–27.36, P < .001); HSIL: HPV-31 (OR = 14.76, 95% CI 6.56–33.20, P < .001); and CC: HPV-16 (OR = 25.01, 95% CI 18.83–33.21, P < .001). In multiple infections, the HPV genotypes (HPV-16 and HPV-18) were also associated with a high risk of lesions [LSIL: HPV-18 (OR = 3.45; 95% CI 1.36–8.91; P = .009); HSIL: HPV-18 (OR = 5.12; 95% CI 1.21–21.68; P = .026); and CC: HPV-16 (OR = 3.03; 95% CI 1.72–5.32; P < .001)] compared to single infection. In the analysis adjusted for age, giving birth, and cigarette smoking, a significant increase in the risk of LSIL, HSIL, and CC was maintained. Conclusions This study provides current data on the prevalence and distribution of HPV genotypes in women from southern Mexico, which could serve as a valuable reference to guide nationwide CC screening programs and provide scientific evidence that could be useful for vaccine development efforts. Likewise, it was identified that infection with carcinogenic HPV genotypes is an independent risk factor for LSIL, HSIL, and CC.
Management of immune-related hepatitis in patients being treated with checkpoint inhibitors for metastatic melanoma, a review and case series
Authors: Tew Alice , Khoja Leila , Pallan Lalit , Steven Neil 
Published: May 2022

Introduction Immune-related hepatitis is an adverse effect following treatment with immune-checkpoint inhibitors, such as ipilimumab, nivolumab and pembrolizumab. International guidelines advise on the use of corticosteroids as first-line treatment, although guidance on how to treat cases resistant to corticosteroids is limited. We aimed to evaluate the presentation and management of patients with grade 3-4 immune-related hepatitis, following treatment with immune-checkpoint inhibitors for stage 4 or unresectable or stage 3 melanoma, with a particular focus on steroid-refractory cases. Methods A retrospective observational review of patients developing immune-related hepatitis whilst undergoing treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors for advanced melanoma from July 2014 to February 2020 at a tertiary oncology centre. Results Forty-one patients developed immune-related hepatitis, of which 83% had been treated with the combination of ipilimumab and nivolumab. The median time to onset of IR-hepatitis was 47 days (range: 4–476), and the median time to peak alanine aminotransferase was 71 days (range: 4–478). Four patients had resolution of grade 3 immune-related hepatitis without the introduction of corticosteroids. A total of 37 patients were treated with corticosteroids. A total of 12 required oral treatment only and 13 were successfully managed as outpatients. Six patients had steroid-refractory immune-related hepatitis; and all received tacrolimus, with one also receiving mycophenolate mofetil and infliximab. Conclusions This study describes the largest UK series of immune-related hepatitis patients in the literature. We present two important deviations from current guidelines. Firstly, there is some evidence that withholding steroids is possible in grade 3-4 immune-related hepatitis. Secondly, tacrolimus can be used successfully to manage patients resistant to corticosteroids, with the early introduction most beneficial to reduce time on steroids.
Occupational and Leisure Physical Activity on Cardiovascular Risk and Body Composition Among Courier Workers
Authors: Galmes-Panades Aina Maria , Abbate Manuela , Bennasar-Veny Miquel , López-González Angel Arturo , Vicente-Herrero María Teófila , Busquets-Cortés Carla , Leiva Alfonso , Yañez Aina María 
Published: May 2022

Objective There is some controversy about the beneficial effects of occupational physical activity (OPA) on cardiovascular risk (CVR). The main aim of this study was to explore the effect of the combination of different frequencies of leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) and two types of OPA on CVR and body composition, and whether the association between physical activity (PA) and CVR was mediated by visceral adipose tissue (VAT). Methods This cross-sectional study included data from 2516 couriers living in Spain, delivering either by motorbike or foot, and practicing LTPA never, occasionally, or regularly. Couriers were classified into six categories according to LTPA and OPA; body composition was assessed by Bioelectrical Impedance, and CVR by the Framingham equation. General linear models were performed to explore the association between different categories with each outcome (CVR and body composition) and the possible role of VAT as a mediator between PA and CVR. Results Compared with the most sedentary group (motorbike couriers that never practice PA), walking couriers who practice regular PA presented the lowest CVR [β −1.58 (95% CI −2.31; −0.85)] and the lowest VAT [β −2.86 (95% CI −3.74; −1.98) followed by the motorbike couriers who practiced regular PA [β −0.51 (95% CI −1.00; −0.03) for CVR and β −2.33 (95% CI −2.91; −1.75) for VAT]. The association between PA and CVR was partially mediated by VAT. Conclusion The present results indicated that both OPA and LTPA are protective factors for CVR and play an important role on VAT accumulation.
Fatigue in Post-COVID-19 Syndrome: Clinical Phenomenology, Comorbidities and Association With Initial Course of COVID-19
Authors: Diem Lara , Fregolente-Gomes Livia , Warncke Jan D. , Hammer Helly , Friedli Christoph , Kamber Nicole , Jung Simon , Bigi Sandra , Funke-Chambour Manuela , Chan Andrew , Bassetti Claudio L. , Salmen Anke , Hoepner Robert 
Published: May 2022

Introduction Post-COVID-19 syndrome affects approximately 10-25% of people suffering from COVID-19 infection, irrespective of initial COVID-19 severity. Fatigue is one of the major symptoms, occurring in 30-90% of people with post-COVID-19 syndrome. This study aims at describing factors associated with fatigue in people with Post-COVID-19 seen in our newly established Post-Covid clinic. Methods This retrospective single center study included 42 consecutive patients suffering from Post-COVID-19 syndrome treated at the Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bern, between 11/2020 and05/2021. Clinical phenomenology of Post-COVID-19 syndrome with a special focus on fatigue and risk factor identification was performed using Mann-Whitney U Test, Pearson Correlation, and Chi-Quadrat-Test. Results Fatigue (90.5%) was the most prevalent Post-COVID-19 symptom followed by depressive mood (52.4%) and sleep disturbance (47.6%). Fatigue was in mean severe (Fatigue severity scale (FSS) mean 5.5 points (95% Confidence interval (95CI) 5.1 - 5.9, range .9 - 6.9, n = 40), and it was unrelated to age, COVID-19 severity or sex. The only related factors with fatigue severity were daytime sleepiness and depressed mood. Conclusion Fatigue is the main symptom of the Post-COVID-19 syndrome in our cohort. Further studies describing this syndrome are needed to prepare the healthcare systems for the challenge of treating patients with Post-COVID-19 syndrome.
Routine repeat imaging of blunt splenic injuries identifies complications prior to clinical change
Authors: Perea Lindsey L , Fletcher Kelsey L , Morgan Madison E , Otaibi Banan W , Hazelton Joshua P 
Published: May 2022

Background There are no definitive recommendations guiding repeat imaging, or its timing, in patients with blunt splenic injury managed non-operatively. This study examines delayed complications and interventions in patients with blunt splenic injuries who undergo repeat imaging. Imaging was prompted either by a clinical change (CC) or non-clinical change (NCC) including institutional recommendations and individual physician practice patterns. Methods A 3-year, retrospective, dual-institution study was conducted of adult patients with blunt splenic injuries. Patients who underwent repeat imaging were grouped based on the reason for scan: CC or NCC. The incidence of delayed complications and interventions was examined. Results Of 235 patients, 105 (45%) underwent repeat imaging [CC n = 67 (64%), NCC n = 38 (36%)]. Median time to repeat imaging was shorter in the NCC group [CC = 96 (IQR 48–192) hours, NCC = 48 (IQR 36–68) hours, p = .0005]. Delayed complications were found in 28 (42%) CC patients versus 18 (47%) NCC patients ( p = .683). Interventions for complications were performed in 6 (21%) CC versus 10 (56%) NCC ( p = .027). Discussion Nearly half of patients reimaged because of NCC were found to have complications, with more than half undergoing intervention. Complications were identified and treated earlier in the NCC group than the CC group. This suggests patients with blunt splenic injuries should undergo routine repeat imaging to allow for prompt identification and treatment of delayed complications.
The Timing Effect of Childhood Maltreatment in Depression: A Systematic Review and meta-Analysis
Authors: Li Muzi , Gao Tingting , Su Yingying , Zhang Yingzhe , Yang Guang , D’Arcy Carl , Meng Xiangfei 
Published: May 2022

Although empirical evidence has confirmed the causal relationship between childhood maltreatment and depression, findings are inconsistent on the magnitude of the effect of age of exposure to childhood maltreatment on psychological development. This systematic review with meta-analysis aims to comprehensively synthesize the literature on the relationship between exposure age of maltreatment and depression and to quantitatively compare the magnitude of effect sizes across exposure age groups. Electronic databases and grey literature up to April 6th, 2022, were searched for English-language studies. Studies were included if they: 1) provided the information on exposure age; and 2) provided statistical indicators to examine the relationship between childhood maltreatment and depression. Fifty-eight articles met eligibility criteria and were included in meta-analyses. Subgroup analyses were conducted based on subtypes of maltreatment and measurements of depression. Any kind of maltreatment (correlation coefficient [r] = 0.17, 95% CI = 0.15–0.18), physical abuse (r =0.13, 95% CI = 0.10–0.15), sexual abuse (r = 0.18, 95% CI = 0.15–0.21), emotional abuse (r = 0.17, 95% CI=0.11–0.23), and neglect (r = 0.08, 95% CI=0.06–0.11) were associated with an increased risk of depression. Significant differential effects of maltreatment in depression were found across age groups of exposure to maltreatment (Q = 34.81, p < 0.001). Age of exposure in middle childhood (6–13 years) had the highest risk of depression, followed by late childhood (12–19 years) and early childhood (0–6 years). Implications of the findings provide robust evidence to support targeting victimized children of all ages and paying closer attention to those in middle childhood to effectively reduce the risk of depression.
A Prospective Analysis of Patient Characteristics Affecting the Outcome of Dorsal Splinting for Soft Tissue Mallet Injuries
Authors: Azad Ali , Kegel Gary , Phelps James , Marshall Astrid , Lafer Marissa P. , Rocks Madeline , Catalano Louis , Barron O. Alton , Glickel Steven 
Published: May 2022

Background: Much has been written about the diagnosis and treatment of soft tissue mallet injuries. However, there has been little regarding the characteristics of this injury affecting patients’ prognosis. The purpose of this prospective study was to identify factors influencing the outcome of treatment of soft tissue mallet injuries. Methods: Patients diagnosed with soft tissue mallet injuries were enrolled prospectively in a protocol of dorsal splinting for 6 to 12 weeks, followed by weaning over 2 weeks and then evaluated at 6, 9, and ≥12 months. Results: Thirty-seven patients (38 digits) completed the study. Treatment success was defined as a final extensor lag of <15° and failure as a final extensor lag of ≥15°. Those failing splint treatment were older compared with those successfully treated. Patient compliance was significantly associated with a successful outcome. Factors that did not significantly affect success included time to treatment, initial injury severity, splinting duration, sex, and ligamentous laxity. Disabilities of Arm, Shoulder, and Hand scores >0 were not associated with treatment failure. Radiographic and clinical extension lag were statistically comparable. Conclusions: This study shows strong association between the success of splint treatment, younger patient age, and compliance with the treatment protocol. Despite this finding, most patients did not report any functional limitations, irrespective of the treatment success. In contrast to prior results, time to treatment and initial extensor lag did not significantly affect treatment success.