bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unravelling the prognostic and operative role of intratumoural microbiota in non‐small cell lung cancer: Insights from 16S rRNA and RNA sequencing
Authors: Mao Fuling , Hu Zixuan , Shi Ruifeng , Zhang Hongbing , Zhang Zihe , Li Yongwen , Li Xuanguang , Gao Penghu , Li Jinhui , Liu Minghui , Liu Hongyu , Chen Jun 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundComplex interrelationships between the microbiota and cancer have been identified by several studies. However, despite delineating microbial composition in non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), key pathogenic microbiota and their underlying mechanisms remain unclear.MethodsWe performed 16S rRNA V3–V4 amplicon and transcriptome sequencing on cancerous and adjacent normal tissue samples from 30 patients with NSCLC, from which clinical characteristics and prognosis outcomes were collected. We used 16S rRNA sequencing to dissect microbial composition and perform prognosis correlations, and in conjunction with transcriptome sequencing, we determined potential mechanisms underpinning significant microbiota actions.ResultsIn comparing different sample types, we identified more pronounced beta diversity disparity between NSCLC, lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) and corresponding paired normal tissues. Concurrently, LUSC and lung adenocarcinoma exhibited distinct microbial composition traits at genus levels. Subsequently, four phyla, five classes, nine orders, 17 families and 36 genera were filtered out and were related to prognosis outcomes. Intriguingly, a protective microbial cluster was identified encompassing nine genera associated with delayed disease recurrence, with functional analyses suggested that these microbiota predominantly exerted metabolism‐related functions. Additionally, a harmful microbial cluster (HMC) was identified, including three genera. In this HMC and subsequent prognosis model analyses, harmful intratumoural microbiota were potentially implicated in infection, inflammation and immune regulation. Crucially, we identified a microbial genus, Peptococcus, which was as an independent, detrimental NSCLC prognostic factor and potentially impacted prognosis outcomes via tumour necrosis factor (TNF) signalling.ConclusionsWe identified a substantial connection between intratumoural microbiota and NSCLC prognosis outcomes. Protective microbiota primarily exerted metabolic functions, whereas harmful microbiota were mainly implicated in infection, inflammation and immune modulation. Furthermore, Peptococcus may be significant in adverse NSCLC prognoses and serve as a potential biomarker for patient management and cancer screening.Key points
Four phyla, five classes, nine orders, 17 families and 36 genera have been found associated with NSCLC prognosis.
We identified a protective microbial cluster associated with delayed recurrence and a harmful microbial cluster related to shorter survival and earlier recurrence.
We identified Peptococcus as an independent, detrimental prognostic factor for NSCLC, potentially impacting prognosis via TNF signalling.
Studies on Noise Reduction of Optically Pumped Magnetometers by Digital Signal Processing
Authors: Nambu Kouta , Ito Yosuke 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTRecently, optically pumped magnetometers (OPMs), which use the spin polarization of alkali metal atoms to measure magnetic fields, have attracted much attention. However, in order to realize high‐sensitivity biomagnetic field measurements using OPMs, it is necessary to reduce environmental magnetic noise and system noise. In this study, we investigate the effectiveness of the noise reduction of OPM signals when principal component analysis, independent component analysis, and empirical mode decomposition are used for signal processing.
Bridgeless Power Factor Correction Flyback Rectifier Using a Novel Integrated Transformer
Authors: Hirasawa Haruki , Choi Sihoon , Yonezawa Yu , Imaoka Jun , Yamamoto Masayoshi 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThis study proposes a novel integrated transformer structure with simple circuit configuration and miniaturized magnetic components. In a bridgeless flyback rectifier, two flyback converters operate corresponding to the polarity of the AC input, requiring two transformers. This paper proposes a novel winding structure that realizes zero coupling co‐efficient between two sets of windings. This enables the integration of two transformers into a single transformer, preventing their flyback operations from interfering with each other. The integrated transformer has approximately 16% lower volume compared to that of conventional transformers. The proposed integrated transformer was built, evaluated, and verified by designing a 75 W‐bridgeless flyback rectifier with 100 kHz switching frequency.
Lyapunov‐Based Passive Control Method for DC Input Admittance of IPM Motor Drive System
Authors: Karino Takaya , Kato Toshiji , Inoue Kaoru , Yamada Koki 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIt is important to drive an IPM motor system stably. However, unstable oscillations at the DC input have been reported. According to the impedance method, stability is assured when the input admittance of the drive system is passive or resistive. In this paper, we propose a passive admittance control method utilizing a Lyapunov‐based method. The control principle is first described and then a design example is detailed. It is shown that the proposed method achieves passive frequency characteristics for the input admittance. Its stable operation behaviors were investigated both by simulation and experimentally.
Charging and Discharging Schedule Optimization Method Considering Renewable Energy and Distribution System for Electric Buses
Authors: Kato Natsuno , Ishii Tsunayoshi , Iino Yutaka , Hayashi Yasuhiro , Uchiyama Shingo , Oishi Kohei , Mori Kenjiro 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTElectric buses are introduced toward achieving carbon neutrality by 2050, and there is a movement to utilize their storage batteries. On the other hand, the electric power system, where distributed energy resources are rapidly spreading, is becoming increasingly complex, and the impact of charging by electric buses on power system is an issue. In this study, we propose an optimization method for electric bus charge/discharge schedule that considers sector coupling between transportation system and power system. Then, we evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed method from the viewpoints of both the distribution system operator and the electric bus operator by performing power flow calculations using a distribution system model. The results show that the proposed method can contribute to power demand shifting and smoothing power flow in distribution network by charging and discharging, and that multiple evaluation indices, for example, peak‐cutting of power flow, line occupation rate, distribution loss, reverse power flow utilization rate, renewable energy rate and CO2 emissions, are improved compared to the conventional charging scheduling method.
Oxidation of Iodine Using Ozone by Plasma Emitted in Aqueous Solution
Authors: Iwai Kouta , Tsuruoka Tomohiko , Asakura Satoshi , Kawamoto Hiroyuki , Yoshida Katsumasa , Satoh Nobuo 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIn this study, we explore an innovative method for iodine oxidation utilizing ozone generated through plasma phenomena. Our investigation centers on understanding the amount of oxidation by ozone in an Aqueous Solution, quantifying it with that of an aqueous potassium iodide solution, thereby assessing the viability of our proposed technique. While certain practical considerations warrant attention as we strive for real‐world implementation, we posit that elevating ozone production by expanding the electrode discharge area holds promise for further optimization and subsequent cost minimization.
Intelligent Environmental Control in Plant Factories: Integrating Sensors, Automation, and AI for Optimal Crop Production
Authors: Kaya Cengiz 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe growing global challenges of environmental degradation and resource scarcity demand innovative agricultural solutions. Intelligent environmental control systems integrating sensors, automation, and artificial intelligence (AI) optimize crop production and sustainability in vertical farming. This review explores the critical role of these technologies in monitoring and adjusting key environmental parameters, including light, temperature, humidity, nutrient delivery, and CO₂ enrichment. Intelligent environmental control systems use real‐time data from sensor networks to continuously maintain optimal growing conditions. Sensors measure changes in the environment, such as light intensity and humidity levels. Automation enables tasks to be performed without human intervention, ensuring consistent adjustments to environmental conditions. AI predicts plant responses and enables proactive management strategies in this context. The review also examines how these technologies integrate, highlighting successful case studies and addressing challenges like energy management, scalability, and system harmonization. Looking ahead, AI's potential in predictive maintenance and emerging trends in vertical farming highlight the transformative role of intelligent environmental control in enhancing agricultural efficiency and sustainability.
Curcumin, a Secondary Metabolite, Activates the Defense System by Regulating Water Status, PSII Photochemistry, and Antioxidant Capacity in Lactuca sativa Exposed to Lead and/or Arsenic Stresses
Authors: Tofan Ayşenur , Gurkan Emirhan , Arikan‐Abdulveli Busra , Balci Melike , Yildiztugay Evren , Ozfidan‐Konakci Ceyda 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTLead (Pb) and arsenic (As) pollution seriously affect the physiological and biochemical processes of plants, reduce agricultural productivity, and pose a serious threat to human health. Recently, there has been an increasing interest in studies aimed at mitigating these negative effects of heavy metals. Curcumin is an important secondary metabolite belonging to the polyphenol class that provides stress tolerance to plants through its metal‐chelating activity. Therefore, in our study, curcumin (Cur1; 50 μM and Cur2; 100 μM) was applied to lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) under lead (Pb; 100 μM) and/or arsenic (As; 100 μM) stress. It was observed that the relative growth rate of the plant decreased by 12% at Pb stress and 27% under As stress. Pb and combined stress conditions (Pb + As) reduced the relative water content by 23%. Notably, significant increases in these parameters were observed following curcumin treatment. Furthermore, exogenous curcumin application effectively mitigated the detrimental effects induced by heavy‐metal stress. On gas exchange and photosynthetic parameters, Cur1 treatment resulted in more than a twofold increase in carbon assimilation rate under Pb and Pb + As conditions. Due to Pb + As exposure, H2O2 content increased by 25% and TBARS content increased by twofold. These elevations were attenuated by curcumin with enhanced antioxidant enzyme activity. Compared to the combined stress exposure, Pb + As + Cur1 and Pb + As + Cur2 treatments resulted in 40% and 24% increased SOD activity, respectively. Curcumin treatments contributed to the maintenance of redox balance in the cell by increasing the activity of the ascorbate–glutathione (AsA‐GSH) cycle. In conclusion, curcumin applications to lettuce under Pb and/or As stress contributed to the reduction of ROS accumulation by increasing the water uptake, photosynthesis efficiency, and antioxidant enzyme capacity. These findings suggest that phenolic compounds like curcumin could be a promising strategy in agricultural practices to enhance plant resistance to heavy‐metal stress, thereby improving productivity.
Patient's Perception of Primary Health Care Provision With Respect to Access, Continuity and Coordination—InCept: An International Qualitative Perspective
Authors: Sturm Heidrun , Julia Weber , Tonaco Borges Fabiano , Dickinson Andrew , Sottas Beat , Wennerholm Carina , Andreae Christina , Liljeroos Maria , Jaarsma Tiny , Joos Stefanie , Bauer Antonia 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTHealth care systems are confronted with an increasing burden of (multi‐)morbidity and a shortfall of healthcare providers. Coordination and continuity of care in chronic and multi‐morbid patient is especially important. As qualitative patient experience data within care processes is scarce, we aim to increase the understanding of chronically ill patient's perspectives by assessing patient experiences in different health systems while treated in primary care. Patients were recruited via GPs from Germany, Sweden, Switzerland, and the British island of Jersey. To ascertain regular healthcare utilisation, inclusion criteria were either a stroke, and/or a myocardial infarction or heart failure during the past year, and an underlying metabolic syndrome. Identical semi‐structured interview‐guides were used in the respective language. Transcribed interviews were analysed according to inductive‐deductive qualitative content analysis. Based on 22 interviews we derived four main categories (patient centeredness, continuity, coordination, access). Overall, healthcare processes were considered positive if information flow was personal and functional. Non‐physician staff seemed to create reassurance. A long‐lasting doctor‐patient relationship was connected to the context of trust and security. Patients were critical of a perceived lack of time, inducing insufficient counselling and information‐flow. This international explorative study suggests that patients' experiences can provide important information about care provision. Patients consistently focused more on relational aspects rather than on structures or functions. This has connotations for healthcare planning; for example, by providing non‐physician staff to support patients through their care pathway and to improve the cooperation between providers.
Estrogen, estrogen receptor and the tumor microenvironment of NSCLC
Authors: Diao Mingxin , Wang Yangwei , Wu Shihao , He Shiwen , Liao Yongde 
Published: January 2025

AbstractLung cancer remains the foremost cause of cancer‐related mortality worldwide. Clinical observations reveal a notable increase in both the proportion and mortality rate among female non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients compared to males, a trend that continues to escalate. Extensive preclinical research underscores the pivotal role of estrogen in the initiation, progression, prognosis, and treatment response of NSCLC. Estrogen receptors are widely expressed in stromal and immune cells, influencing cellular activities across innate and adaptive immune systems. Immune evasion mechanisms significantly impact tumor development and outcomes, with immunotherapy offering promise in NSCLC by targeting these mechanisms. The intriguing gender disparities in immunotherapy responses prompt an exploration into the data on NSCLC occurrence, progression, and gender‐specific immunotherapy. Evidence highlights estrogen's contribution to a tumor‐permissive microenvironment, influencing various cells including cancer‐associated fibroblasts, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, natural killer cells, B cells, and T cells. Gender‐specific variations in NSCLC occurrence, development, prognosis, and treatment efficacy likely stem from interactions between estrogen, lung cancer cells, and these estrogen‐responsive cells, shaping a microenvironment conducive to tumor progression. Clarifying estrogen's role and its signaling pathways in NSCLC may unveil novel therapeutic strategies to modify the tumor microenvironment or enhance immunotherapy efficacy.
Complex cesarean section: Surgical approach to reduce the risks of intraoperative complications and postpartum hemorrhage
Authors: Nieto‐Calvache Albaro Jose , Ramasauskaite Diana , Palacios‐Jaraquemada Jose Miguel , Hussein Ahmed M. , Jauniaux Eric , Ubom Akaninyene Eseme Bernard , Rivera‐Torres Luisa F. , Nunes Ines , Schlembach Dietmar , Beyeza‐Kashesya Jolly , Wright Alison ,   FIGO Committee on Childbirth and PPH
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe incidence of cesarean section is dramatically increasing worldwide, whereas the training opportunities for obstetrician/gynecologists to manage complex cesarean section appear to be decreasing. This may be attributed to changing working hours directives and the increasing use of laparoscopy for gynecological surgical procedures, including in gynecological oncology. Various situations can create surgical difficulties during a cesarean section; however, two of the most frequent are complications from previous cesarean (myometrial defects, with or without placental intrusion and peritoneal adhesions) and the high risk of postpartum hemorrhage (uterine overdistension, abnormal placentation, uterine fibroids). Careful surgical dissection, with safe mobilization of the bladder and exposure of the anterior and lateral surfaces of the uterus, are pivotal steps for resolving the technical difficulties inherent in performing a complex cesarean section. We propose a standardized surgical protocol for women at risk of complex cesarean, including the antenatal identification of increased surgical risk, paramedian access to the pelvis, bladder dissection and mobilization, and the selection of a bleeding control strategy, considering uterine anatomy and the arterial pedicles involved in blood loss, which should be tailored to the individual case. We propose preoperative surgical planning to include consideration of the most common situations encountered during a complex cesarean, which facilitates anticipating an appropriate response for common possible scenarios, and can be adapted for low‐, middle‐, and high‐resource settings. This protocol also highlights the importance of self‐evaluation, continuous learning, and improvement activities within surgical teams.
Comparative clinical and incremental cost‐effectiveness analysis of treatments for pelvic inflammatory disease in southern Brazil
Authors: Savaris Michele S. , Xavier Thais V. , Ecco Gabriela , Rhoden Artur C. , Cavazzola Leandro T. , Savaris Ricardo F. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractObjectiveThis paper evaluates the accuracy of C‐reactive protein (CRP), leukocyte count, and neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR) for diagnosing tubo‐ovarian abscess (TOA) and assessing the cost‐effectiveness of different treatment regimens for pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), with and without TOA.MethodA retrospective cohort study was conducted between January 1, 2003, and December 30, 2021, including women aged 13–80 years diagnosed with PID. The analysis focused on the incremental cost‐effectiveness ratio of different treatment regimens.ResultsC‐reactive protein, leukocyte count, and NLR were found to be statistically significant markers for diagnosing TOA. Out of 907 PID cases, 705 achieved clinical cure with initial treatment. The most cost‐effective treatment for mild PID without TOA was ceftriaxone combined with azithromycin, which was considered less costly and more effective in the cost‐effectiveness analysis. For severe PID with TOA, ampicillin combined with gentamicin and clindamycin was more cost‐effective compared to ampicillin with sulbactam plus doxycycline, given a willingness‐to‐pay threshold of US$213.57 for a 4.2% increase in cure rate.ConclusionThe study's findings support the use of CRP, leukocyte count, and NLR as diagnostic tools for TOA. Ceftriaxone combined with azithromycin is recommended as the first‐line treatment for mild PID at our institution due to its cost‐effectiveness. For TOA, ampicillin combined with gentamicin and clindamycin is a cost‐effective option if the healthcare system's willingness to pay exceeds US$213.57 for a 4.2% increase in cure rate, contributing valuable insights for PID treatment strategies from a hospital's perspective. The average time of hospital admission for TOA was 3 days. After discharge, patients received oral doxycycline until completing 14 days of treatment.
Does emotional freedom techniques affect premenstrual syndrome? A randomized controlled study
Authors: Özşahin Zeliha , Santur Sinem Güven , Ay Çiğdem Karakayalı , Derya Yeşim Aksoy 
Published: January 2025

AbstractObjectiveThe study was conducted to determine the effect of emotional freedom techniques (EFT) on the severity of premenstrual syndrome (PMS).MethodsThe study was conducted as a randomized controlled trial, with a premenstrual syndrome sample comprising 78 single female students of reproductive age presenting with PMS complaints (40 in the experimental group and 38 in the control group). Students in the experimental group were interviewed individually in the week before their menstrual cycle and received two EFT sessions with a 3‐day interval.ResultsThe participants in the experimental group had higher post‐test subjective units of experience (SUE) mean scores (experimental group mean 7.8 ± 1.7; control group mean 0.5 ± 5.7) and lower post‐test PMS total (experimental group mean 76.8 ± 30.1; control group mean 127.4 ± 34.6) and subscale mean scores than the students in the control group, and the difference between the groups was statistically significant (P < 0.05). In repeated measures analysis, time‐dependent change showed statistical significance between the groups (P < 0.05).ConclusionThe EFT was found to be an effective non‐pharmacologic intervention for coping with PMS.
Use and knowledge of the two FIGO systems for nongestational abnormal uterine bleeding in the reproductive years: A multinational survey
Authors: Ruiloba Francisco J. , Murji Ally , Tian Qinjie , Maheux‐Lacroix Sarah , Topcu Goknur , Roy Priyankur , Ubom Akaninyene Eseme , Munro Malcolm G. ,   World Association of Trainees in Obstetrics and Gynecology,   FIGO Committee on Menstrual Disorders and Related Health Impacts
Published: January 2025

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the worldwide use of FIGO's two systems for the classification of causes and contributors to nongestational abnormal uterine bleeding in the reproductive years by obstetrics and gynecology professionals worldwide, to identify knowledge gaps, and explore barriers to implementation.MethodsAn electronic survey was developed by members of FIGO's Menstrual Disorders and Related Health Impacts (MDRHI) Committee to assess knowledge of abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) and the two FIGO AUB systems among obstetricians and gynecologists. The survey was conducted online from February 28 to June 30, 2023, and comprised demographic questions, educational content inquiries, and a knowledge assessment. Available in English, Spanish, French, and Mandarin, the survey was disseminated through representatives of the World Association of Trainees in Obstetrics and Gynecology (WATOG), as well as through digital platforms and trainee‐focused Facebook groups.ResultsOut of 1317 initial participants from 65 countries, 1114 completed the survey. The highest representation was from China (42.6%), where both trainees and clinicians participated. Participation varied across FIGO regions, with Asia‐Oceania contributing the most (n = 602) and North America the least (n = 62). Most participants were in hospital‐based residency programs (73.9%), graduating around 2012 with 3 years of postgraduate medical education. Nearly 70% reported being familiar with FIGO systems, while over 93% were familiar with PALM‐COEIN. About one‐third reported frequent use of FIGO systems by faculty, except among French‐speaking respondents. Higher composite FIGO systems knowledge scores correlated with familiarity with FIGO AUB systems and PALM COEIN. Language did not significantly affect scores.ConclusionFIGO's systems for nongestational AUB are widely used but gaps persist. Targeted strategies focusing on faculty development and research are needed to improve awareness and proficiency. This study highlights the necessity for interventions in medical education to enhance trainees' understanding and utilization of standardized nomenclature.