bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physicochemical and microstructural mechanisms for quality changes in lightly salted tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fillets during frozen storage
Authors: Jiang Qingqing , Du Yufan , Huang Shiyu , Gu Jinhui , Shi Wenzheng , Wang Xichang , Wang Zhihe 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDFrozen tilapia fillet has become a leading aquatic product. High drip loss, dry and fibrous mouthfeel, and an unappealing appearance are its main problems. It was hypothesized that light salting could improve the quality, and that the preparation conditions would affect the storage stability of frozen tilapia fillets.RESULTSThe quality changes of lightly salted tilapia fillets were evaluated during frozen storage, and the underlying mechanisms were studied from the physicochemicaland microstructural perspectives. Though the salt content was 1.5% in all samples,the amount of ice crystals in frozen tissues decreased with the descending water content and freezing point (P < 0.05). No intracellular voids were observed in the samples prepared under proper salting conditions, and the myofibers were plump and smooth after freezing‐thawing, which contributed to the high water‐holding capacity of lightly salted fillets. After 28 days,the water‐binding capacity of the salted groups was 14.69%−18.62% higher than that of their unsalted counterparts (P < 0.05). The reduced protein solubility in the salted fillets was likely to have occurred because the solubilized and unfolded proteins interacted more easily during frozen storage. The oxidation degree of myofibrillar proteins was also affected by salting condition, and the fillets with less oxidized sulfhydryl groups maintained high springiness after 28 days of frozen storage.CONCLUSIONThe salting condition of 9% NaCl solution for 1 h was recommended for the preparation of lightly salted fillets from freshwater fish, taking into account quality, processing efficiency, and storage stability. The enhanced water‐holding capacity and texture of lightly salted tilapia fillets were attributed to modified physicochemical and microstructural properties. These results could provide a scientific basis for the processing and storage of high‐quality, frozen, lightly salted fillets from freshwater fish. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
The state‐of‐the‐art in the management of androgenetic alopecia: A review of new therapies and treatment algorithms
Authors: Dominguez‐Santas Miguel , Diaz‐Guimaraens Borja , Saceda‐Corralo David , Hermosa‐Gelbard Angela , Muñoz‐Moreno Arrones Oscar , Pindado‐Ortega Cristina , Fernandez‐Nieto Diego , Jimenez‐Cauhe Juan , Ortega‐Quijano Daniel , Suarez‐Valle Ana , Jaen‐Olasolo Pedro , Vaño‐Galvan Sergio 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAndrogenetic alopecia is one of the most common dermatologic disorders in the daily clinical practice of dermatologists. Despite it is such a common entity, few medications are FDA‐approved for its treatment. Due to this situation dermatologists are often reluctant to try off‐label therapies. This guide's purpose is to review the current available therapies for androgenetic alopecia including those off‐label, and to propose treatment algorithms according to the published scientific research.
Highly Efficient Terahertz Generation Using 3D Dirac Semimetals
Authors: Wang Lu , Lim Jeremy , Wong Liang Jie 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIt is shown that three‐dimensional Dirac semimetals are promising candidates for highly efficient optical‐to‐terahertz conversion due to their extreme optical nonlinearities. In particular, it is predicted that the conversion efficiency of exceeds typical materials like by >5000 times over nanoscale propagation distances. Studies show that even when no restrictions are placed on propagation distance, still outperforms in efficiency by >10 times. The results indicate that by tuning the Fermi energy, Pauli blocking can be leveraged to realize a step‐like efficiency increase in the optical‐to‐terahertz conversion process. It is found that large optical‐to‐terahertz conversion efficiencies persists over a wide range of input frequencies, input field strengths, Fermi energies, and temperatures. These results could pave the way to the development of ultrathin‐film terahertz sources for compact terahertz technologies.
Acoustic Telemetry Reveals the Complex Nature of Mixed-Stock Fishing in Canada's Largest Arctic Char Commercial Fishery
Authors: Harris Les. N. , Yurkowski David J. , Malley Brendan K. , Jones Samantha F. , Else Brent G.T. , Tallman Ross F. , Fisk Aaron T. , Moore Jean-Sébastien 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Climate change is having a myriad of effects on Arctic ecosystems, yet understanding how these changes will influence the spatiotemporal dynamics of harvest in northern commercial fisheries remains unclear. Furthermore, stock mixing continues to complicate fisheries management in Arctic Canada, especially for anadromous stocks, but data on the extent and degree of stock mixing for the majority of northern fisheries are scarce. Here, we used a multiyear (2015–2019) acoustic telemetry data set to test the utility of acoustic telemetry as a potential tool for inferring stock mixing in the Arctic Char Salvelinus alpinus commercial fishery in Cambridge Bay (Nunavut). We also assessed the effect of annual variation in environmental variables (river breakup and marine ice conditions) on the potential contribution of discrete stocks to commercial harvest at several fisheries. We found that stock mixing during the commercial harvest is common in both marine and freshwater fisheries during the summer/open-water season, with virtually all stocks potentially being susceptible to harvest at any given commercial fishery. Additionally, in some fisheries, the vulnerability of different stocks to harvest was influenced by annual differences in marine ice and river breakup conditions. We discuss options for fisheries management, including a potential quota-transfer system, and highlight how changing environmental and climatic conditions may have an effect on the commercial harvest of Arctic Char in the region. Overall, the results of this study demonstrate the utility of acoustic telemetry for informing mixed-stock fisheries while highlighting the complex and pervasive nature of stock mixing in Canada's largest Arctic Char commercial fishery.
A comprehensive investigation of dielectric properties of epoxy composites containing conducting fillers: Fluffy carbon black and various types of reduced graphene oxide
Authors: Sharmila Bindu , George Neena , Sasi Sreesha , V Antony Jolly , Chandra Julie , Raman Vidya , Nambath Purushothaman Dhanya 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe dielectric properties of epoxy nanocomposites with conducting nanofillers, such as graphene based and fluffy carbon black (FCB) were investigated in the frequency range of 40 to 30 MHz using an impedance analyzer to measure the dielectric permittivity, tan δ and AC conductivity. At very low filler loadings, epoxy nanocomposites showed remarkable dielectric characteristics. Dielectric constant of the composites decreased with increasing frequency and increased with filler loading. This is related to a decrease in interfacial polarization with increasing frequency and greater interfacial polarization with increase in filler loading. Dielectric loss peaks of epoxy nanocomposites with frequency suggested that both DC conductivity and dielectric polarization processes due to inhomogeneity within the nanocomposites contribute towards dielectric loss. Rising of AC conductivity of the composites with frequency was mainly due to hopping of charge carriers. An AC conductivity of 8.33 × 10−4 S/m and 2.455 × 10−5 S/m at 30 MHz was recorded for FCB/epoxy at 5 phr composite and neat epoxy. This composite also exhibited the maximum dielectric permittivity, 3.16 at 40 Hz and 0.82 at 30 MHz. The distinctive dielectric properties of epoxy‐based nano dielectric systems are due to the significant volume fraction of interfaces in the bulk of the material and the consequent interactions between charged nanoparticle surface and epoxy chains.
Chitosan/red mud reinforced with Moringa oleifera hybrid composites for light weight structural application in automobile industries
Authors: Nayak Subhakanta 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe mechanical and thermal characterization of Moringa oleifera fiber and red mud (RM) reinforced chitosan (CS) based hybrid composite is the subject of this research. By varying the percentages of M. oleifera fiber and RM in the hand lay‐up process, seven types of composite samples were developed. Tensile, flexural, compression, and impact testing were performed in accordance with ASTM standards. A scanning electron microscope was used to examine the cracked surfaces of the tested specimens. Hybridization with M. oleifera fiber and RM increased the characteristics of CS composites, according to the findings. Increase in the percentage composition of RM resulted in better mechanical characteristics of fiber‐reinforced composites. C6 type composite revealed maximum tensile strength of 65.59 MPa and impact strength of 24.86 kJ/m2. It also had better dynamic mechanical qualities, while C6 composite had the best static and dynamic mechanical properties. Overall it may be concluded that composites can be utilized in light weight structural applications.
Attention to risk information in direct‐to‐consumer prescription drug print ads: An eye‐tracking study
Authors: Aikin Kathryn J. , Sullivan Helen W. , Caporaso Andrew , Hoverman Victoria , Yan Ting , Williams Douglas , Crafts Jennifer 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPurposeFDA regulations state print ads for prescription drugs must provide a true statement of information “in brief summary” describing “side effects, contraindications and effectiveness.” To fulfill these requirements, these ads typically display risk information both as important safety information (ISI) on the “main” ad page with the product claims and on a separate “brief summary” page. The ISI can be lengthy and may repeat brief summary content.MethodsThe authors tested two versions of the ISI (short versus long) and the presence or absence of a brief summary in direct‐to‐consumer prescription drug print ads for two medical conditions: overactive bladder (N = 181) and rheumatoid arthritis (N = 179). Attention was measured with eye‐tracking and self‐report methods. Risk retention and perceptions were self‐reported.ResultsParticipants spent more time viewing ads with a long ISI or a brief summary and in some instances, recalled more risks. The combination of a long ISI and a brief summary did not increase or decrease attention to or retention of risk information.ConclusionA long ISI and a brief summary may perform similar functions.
Microstructure changes during failure of PVDF‐based photovoltaic backsheets
Authors: Moffitt Stephanie L. , Pan Po‐Chang , Perry Lakesha , Tracy Jared , Choudhury Kaushik R. , Kempe Michael D. , Gu Xiaohong 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe backsheet layer of a solar module provides a safety and environmental barrier to the high voltages running through the photovoltaic (PV) cells and electrical contacts within the core of the module. However, in the past decade, backsheet cracking has become one of the most observed failure modes in PV module field surveys. In this work, the degradation of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)‐based backsheets is explored. Backsheet samples are either exposed to accelerated laboratory aging (UV light, heat, and moisture) or collected from the field. Fourier transform infrared and Raman spectroscopy, fragmentation testing, atomic force and scanning electron microscopy, and small‐angle neutron scattering are combined to develop an understanding of how chemistry and microstructure evolve during aging. Chemical degradation, surface pitting, polymer phase changes, and anisotropic polymer domains are all observed in aged backsheet samples. The results provide insight into the degradation mechanisms that lead to cracking and field failure of PVDF‐based backsheets. The comparison of aged PVDF‐based backsheets helps to lay the groundwork for limiting polymer‐based failure modes in PV modules.
Retracted: Structural studies of antitumor compounds that target the RING domain of MDM2
Authors: Terrell James Ross , Tang Sijia , Faniyi Oluwafoyinsola Omobodunde , Jeong In Ho , Yin Jun , Nijampatnam Bhavitavya , Velu Sadanandan E. , Wang Wei , Zhang Ruiwen , Luo Ming 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMouse double minute 2 homolog (MDM2) is an E3 ubiquitin‐protein ligase that is involved in the transfer of ubiquitin to p53 and other protein substrates. The expression of MDM2 is elevated in cancer cells and inhibitors of MDM2 showed potent anticancer activities. Many inhibitors target the p53 binding domain of MDM2. However, inhibitors such as Inulanolide A and MA242 are found to bind the RING domain of MDM2 to block ubiquitin transfer. In this report, crystal structures of MDM2 RING domain in complex with Inulanolide A and MA242 were solved. These inhibitors primarily bind in a hydrophobic site centered at the sidechain of Tyr489 at the C‐terminus of MDM2 RING domain. The C‐terminus of MDM2 RING domain, especially residue Tyr489, is required for ubiquitin discharge induced by MDM2. The binding of these inhibitors at Tyr489 may interrupt interactions between the MDM2 RING domain and the E2‐Ubiquitin complex to inhibit ubiquitin transfer, regardless of what the substrate is. Our results suggest a new mechanism of inhibition of MDM2 E3 activity for a broad spectrum of substrates.
Any decline in prostate‐specific antigen levels identifies survivors scheduled for prostate‐specific membrane antigen‐directed radioligand therapy
Authors: Hartrampf Philipp E. , Weinzierl Franz‐Xaver , Seitz Anna Katharina , Kübler Hubert , Essler Markus , Buck Andreas K. , Werner Rudolf A. , Bundschuh Ralph A. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundProstate‐specific membrane antigen (PSMA)‐targeted radioligand therapy (RLT) is increasingly incorporated in the therapeutic algorithm of patients with metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). We aimed to elucidate the predictive performance of early biochemical response for overall survival (OS).Materials and MethodsIn this bicentric analysis, we included 184 mCRPC patients treated with 177Lu‐PSMA RLT. Response to treatment was defined as decrease in prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) levels 8 weeks after the first cycle of RLT (any decline or >50% according to Prostate Cancer Working Group 3). OS of responders and nonresponders was then compared using Kaplan–Meier curves and log‐rank comparison.ResultsA total of 114/184 patients (62.0%) showed any PSA decline (PSA response >50%, 55/184 [29.9%]). For individuals exhibiting a PSA decline >50%, OS of 19 months was significantly longer relative to nonresponders (13 months; hazard ratio of death [HR] = 0.64, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] = 0.44–0.93; p = 0.02). However, the difference was even more pronounced for any PSA decline, with an OS of 19 months in responders, but only 8 months in nonresponders (HR = 0.39, 95% CI = 0.25–0.60; p < 0.001).ConclusionsIn mCRPC patients scheduled for RLT, early biochemical response was tightly linked to prolonged survival, irrespective of the magnitude of PSA decline. As such, even in patients with PSA decrease of less than 50%, RLT should be continued.
Physiologically‐based pharmacokinetic modeling of immunoglobulin and antibody coadministration in patients with primary human immunodeficiency
Authors: Salerno Sara N. , Deng Rong , Kakkar Tarundeep 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIntravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) (2000 mg/kg) increased the clearance of the mouse monoclonal antibody 7E3, directed against platelet integrin IIb/IIIa (alpha IIb beta 3, CD41/CD61) in rodents. We wanted to investigate the effect of IVIG on clearance of monoclonal antibodies in humans as there is extremely limited data regarding this interaction in the literature. Using the tyrosine protein kinase KIT anti‐cluster of differentiation 117 (c‐Kit) humanized monoclonal antibody (JSP191) as a case study, we used physiologically‐based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling to evaluate the pharmacokinetic interaction between monoclonal antibodies and IVIG at doses (300–600 mg/kg) administered to patients with primary human immunodeficiency (PI). We first characterized the interaction between monoclonal antibodies and IVIG in PK‐Sim®/MoBi® using published literature data, including the following: IVIG plus 7E3 in mice and rats and IVIG plus the human anti‐C5 monoclonal antibody tesidolumab in adults with end‐stage renal disease. We next developed a PBPK model using digitized data for JSPI91 alone in older adults with myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia and in pediatric patients with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID). Finally, we simulated the impact of IVIG (300–2000 mg/kg) coadministration with JSP191 on the area under the curve of JSP191 in patients with SCID. Model predictions were within 1.5‐fold of observed values for 7E3 plus IVIG and tesidolumab plus IVIG as well as for JSP191 administered alone. Based on our simulations, IVIG doses ≥500 mg exceeded the 80%–125% no‐effect boundaries. IVIG treatment with monoclonal antibodies in patients with PI may result in a clinically significant interaction depending on the IVIG dose administered and the exposure–response relationship for the specific monoclonal antibody.
Long Term Effects of Digital Education among Healthcare Professionals in Paediatric Dermatology: Opportunities for Improving Care
Authors: Ragamin Aviël , Schappin Renske , Witkam Willemijn C. A. M. , Spiering Magda , Mendels Elodie , Schuttelaar Marie L. A. , Pasmans Suzanne G. M. A. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Background
Topical corticosteroids (TCS) are the cornerstone of treatment for patients with atopic dermatitis (AD). Unfortunately, anxiety and misplaced beliefs on TCS, known as corticophobia, is common among health care professionals (HCPs) and could influence their practices, resulting in suboptimal patient care.

Objectives
To investigate the effects of digital education (DE) on the knowledge of TCS, practices and corticophobia among HCPs in paediatric dermatology.

Methods
HCPs registered for an interactive online masterclass on paediatric dermatology including the treatment of AD and TCS were invited to participate in a survey on knowledge of TCS, self-reported practices and corticophobia. Corticophobia was measured using the TOPICOP-P questionnaire (range: 0%–100%, with higher scores indicating more corticophobia). Participants received the survey before, directly after, and 6 months after DE.

Results
Of the 86 participants, 66 (77%) completed the survey before the masterclass, 76 (88%) directly after, and 34 (40%) 6 months after. Key components of knowledge on TCS and self-reported practices improved greatly after DE, such as correct prescription amount of TCS (45%, 91%, 88%) and application instructions (56%, 99%, 94%). Overall corticophobia decreased after DE with median scores dropping from 33% before DE to 25% after DE (p &lt; 0.01) and remained 25% 6 months later.

Conclusion
Interactive DE for HCPs is an efficient tool to attain prolonged improvements of knowledge on TCS, practices, and corticophobia. All these factors are important for optimal care for patients. This study shows great opportunities for improving care by investing in HCPs.
Tinea Versicolour in Underrepresented Groups: An All of Us Database Analysis
Authors: Moseley Isabelle , Ragi Sara D. , Ouellette Samantha , Rao Babar 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Tinea versicolour, used interchangeably with pityriasis versicolour (PV), is a superficial fungal infection of the stratum corneum caused by Malassezia furfur, a fungus of the normal flora of the skin. PV occurs when conditions favour proliferation of the organism's mycelial form, such as in environments with high temperatures/humidity, in immunodeficient/immunocompromised states, and during pregnancy. PV presents as numerous well-demarcated macules with a powdery scale. Prior epidemiologic studies have indicated that underrepresented groups defined by race experience a higher burden of PV as compared to White patients. However, the burden of PV in other underrepresented groups has not previously been examined, as underrepresented groups are frequently excluded from studies evaluating the impact of dermatologic disease. The new National Institute of Health All of Us Research Program (AoU) aims to build one of the world's largest and most diverse databases to promote elucidation of health disparities, particularly in communities that have been historically excluded from biomedical research.
A secure and efficient mechanism for scheduling tasks in cloud computing environments
Authors: Bairagi Ravi , Purohit Preetesh , Bandhu Kailash Chandra , Litoriya Ratnesh 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis work presents secure, efficient and power‐aware dynamic allocators for Virtual Machines (VMs) in Cloud Data Centers (DCs) taking advantage of the Software‐Defined Networking (SDN) paradigm. Each VM request is characterized by four parameters: CPU, RAM, disk, and bandwidth. We design the allocators to accept as many VM requests as possible, taking into account the power consumption of the network devices. In this paper, we introduce 10 different allocation strategies and compare them with a baseline that consists of using the first available server (First Fit). The allocators differ in terms of allocation policy (Best Fit/Worst Fit), allocation strategy (Single/Multi‐objective optimization), and joint/disjoint selection of IT and network resources. For both joint and disjoint approaches, we evaluate the behavior of all possible pair policy‐strategies by varying the load of the DC and the number of VMs to be allocated. Moreover, the experimental results highlight that joint approaches outperform disjointed ones.
LC–MS/MS and in silico analysis of pharmaceutical impurities in a combination drug for hypertension
Authors: Kim Jong‐Sil , Jung Seo‐Hyeon , Bae Woo‐Hyun , Lee Kye‐Wan , Lee Yong‐Moon 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis study intends to develop an essential simultaneous analysis method for the stability study of the combination drugs hydrochlorothiazide, (S)‐amlodipine besylate, and olmesartan medoxomil and identify degradation products. A stress test of the combination drug was performed under thermal/humidity conditions to identify decomposition products expected to be generated under long‐term storage conditions. Six unidentified degradation products were generated from (S)‐amlodipine besylate and olmesartan medoxomil, except for those identified. Unspecified degradation products were identified by degradation prediction software with LC–MS/MS, and genotoxicity was predicted by toxicity prediction software. In silico toxicity, six degradation products were expected to be nonmutagenic. This study describes the development of an analytical method to predict degradation products and determine whether the degradation products are genotoxic. This process will be helpful in further forced degradation studies to predict the toxicity of potential impurities.