bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Warm saline effectiveness for pain relief in office hysteroscopy: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Baradwan Saeed , Khalil Mohamed , Alshahrani Majed S. , Albouq Bayan , AlSghan Rayan , Khadawardi Khalid , Mohamed Doaa F. , Yousef Doaa H. , Kamal Shaimaa H. M. , Abdel Halim Hala W. , Elhawary Mona A. A. , Alkholy Eman A. , Elsharkawy Mostafa R. M. , Abdelhakim Ahmed M. , Abbas Ahmed M. , Dahshan Shaimaa A. , Alshawadfy Abdelrhman , Soror Ghada I. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAimTo evaluate the impact of warm distension medium versus room temperature distension medium on pain control among patients undergoing office hysteroscopy.MethodsA systematic search was done in PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and ISI web of science from inception to October 2021. We selected randomized clinical trials (RCTs) compared warmed saline distension medium in the intervention group versus room temperature distension medium in the control group among women undergoing diagnostic and/or operative office hysteroscopy. Revman software was utilized for performing our meta‐analysis. Our primary outcomes were pain scores evaluated by the visual analog scale (VAS) during and after the procedure. Our secondary outcome was the patient satisfaction between both groups.ResultsFive RCTs met our inclusion criteria with a total number of 441 patients. We found warm saline was linked to a significant reduction in the VAS pain score during the procedure compared to the control group (mean difference [MD] = −1.12, 95% confidence interval [CI] [−1.80, −0.45], p = 0.001). Moreover, the VAS pain score after the procedure was significantly declined among the warm saline group (MD = −0.62, 95% CI [−0.97, −0.27], p = 0.005). Interestingly, more patients were significantly satisfied with warm saline distension medium application compared to room temperature group (odds ratio [OR] = 3.71, 95% CI [2.01, 6.86], p < 0.001).ConclusionsWarm saline application in office hysteroscopy is effective in reducing pain during and after the procedure as well as improvement in patient satisfaction.
Rural and urban differences in perceptions, behaviors, and health care disruptions during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Greteman Breanna B. , Garcia‐Auguste Crystal J. , Gryzlak Brian M. , Kahl Amanda R. , Lutgendorf Susan K. , Chrischilles Elizabeth A. , Charlton Mary E. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPurposeThe objective of this study was to assess perceptions, health behaviors, and disruptions related to the COVID‐19 pandemic in a largely rural, Midwestern state, and to examine differences between rural and urban respondents.MethodsA questionnaire was mailed August 2020 to a sample of 10,009 registered voters in Iowa ages 18‐100 years, with oversampling from 6 select rural counties. Previously validated and tested items assessed COVID‐19 precautions, health care disruptions, emotional reactions, health behavior changes, telehealth and experiences with the internet, and demographic characteristics.FindingsThere were 4,048 respondents (40% response rate); 65% were rural and 35% were urban residents. The average age of respondents was 58.3 years and 45% of respondents identified as female. Rural respondents reported less concern about COVID‐19 in their community (29% vs 40%, P<.001) and lower perceived importance of social distancing (51% vs 64%, P<.001). Urban respondents more often reported experiencing disruption to daily living, stronger negative emotional reactions, and displayed more pronounced behavior change compared to their rural counterparts. For example, urban respondents reported more pandemic‐related job losses (6% vs 4%, P = .05), disruptions to daily activities (48% vs 35%, P<.001), and use of telehealth services during the pandemic (24% vs 16%, P<.001).ConclusionsThe majority of respondents reported disruptions to normal activities, medical appointment cancellations, and emotional distress during the first 6 months of the pandemic. The impact of the pandemic on urban residents appeared to be greater than for rural respondents. Timing of pandemic spread and varying beliefs are potential explanations.
Parental sleep when their child is sick: A phased principle‐based concept analysis
Authors: Smith Stephanie , Tallon Mary , Smith James , Angelhoff Charlotte , Mörelius Evalotte 
Published: April 2022

AbstractSleep is a common challenge for parents with sick children and can impact parents' health, wellbeing, and caregiving responsibilities. Despite the vast research around parental sleep when their child is sick, the concept is not clearly defined. A phased principle‐based concept analysis that includes triangulation of methods and quality criteria assessment was used to explore how the concept is described, used, and measured in the current literature. The aim was to analyse and clarify the conceptual, operational, and theoretical basis of parental sleep when their child is sick to produce an evidence‐based definition and to identify knowledge gaps. A systematic literature search including databases CINAHL, Embase, MEDLINE, PsychARTICLES, PsychINFO, Pubmed, Scopus and Web of Science, identified 546 articles. The final dataset comprised 74 articles published between 2005 and 2021 and was assessed using a criteria tool for principle‐based concept analysis. Data were managed using NVivo, and thematic analysis was undertaken. A precise definition is not present in the literature. Various tools have been used to measure parents' sleep, as well as exploration via interviews, open‐ended questions, and sleep diaries. The terminology used varied. Parental sleep when their child is sick is interrelated with other concepts (e.g., stress). A recommended definition is offered. A conceptual understanding of parental sleep when their child is sick will help to guide translational research and to conduct studies critical to clinical practice and research. Future research includes developing a measurement tool for parental sleep when their child is sick to be used in study design and future interventions.
Pharmacokinetics of single and repeated oral doses of pregabalin oral solution formulation in cats
Authors: Lamminen Terttu , Doedée Anne , Hyttilä‐Hopponen Minja , Kaskinoro Janne 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe study was designed to determine the pharmacokinetic profile and bioavailability of a novel pregabalin 50 mg/ml oral solution formulation (Bonqat®, Orion Corporation Orion Pharma) in 6 healthy laboratory cats. The cats received pregabalin as single oral doses of 2.5, 5, and 7.5 mg/kg, dose 5 mg/kg on two consecutive days, and a single intravenous dose of 2.5 mg/kg. The washout period between each administration was four weeks. The cats were monitored for clinical signs and level of sedation, and blood samples were taken before pregabalin dosing and at pre‐defined time points up to 168 h after dosing. Plasma concentrations of pregabalin were determined using a validated liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry method. The mean maximum plasma concentration of 10.1 μg/ml was reached between 0.5 and 1 h after oral administration of the clinical dose 5 mg/kg. The mean half‐life after oral administration of dose 5 mg/kg was 14.7 h and the mean systemic bioavailability was 94%. Pregabalin showed linear pharmacokinetics from 2.5 to 7.5 mg/kg. Exposures after a single dose and re‐dosing of 5 mg/kg at 24 h were comparable. Pregabalin was well tolerated with mild sedation and mildly uncoordinated movements observed in few cats at dose 7.5 mg/kg. As a conclusion, study results show rapid absorption, linear pharmacokinetics, and high oral bioavailability of pregabalin without safety concerns after administration of oral solution in cats.
Comprehension across disciplines: A practical framework for reading research
Authors: Frean Jennifer 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe increase in screen‐based publishing over the past 30 years has sparked an evolution of reading. Reading's natural scope has ignited interest across paradigms. The resulting scholarship offers rich opportunity, but also presents a concerning challenge – approaches differ across disciplines, producing results that can be difficult to interpret and apply between fields.This article introduces both a framework for use by reading researchers across disciplines and an original interpretation of Schramm's communication model as it applies to reading. Drawing on theory and practice from communication, literacy, psychology, neuroscience and education, this article proposes a practical approach with the flexibility to accommodate a broad spectrum of research interests and goals. Using Schramm's communication model as its guiding logic, this framework unifies and extends Mangen and van der Weel's integrative framework for reading research (2016) to produce a further iteration of the framework that can be engaged at all stages of the research process, encouraging replicable and – most importantly – usable research findings for all interested stakeholders. This transdisciplinary approach aims to overcome academic silos and support more compatible, transferable research outcomes for both qualitative and quantitative projects.
Arpu Kuilpu: An H5 from the outer main belt
Authors: Shober Patrick M. , Devillepoix Hadrien A. R. , Sansom Eleanor K. , Towner Martin C. , Cupák Martin , Anderson Seamus L. , Benedix Gretchen , Forman Lucy , Bland Phil A. , Howie Robert M. , Hartig Benjamin A. D. , Laubenstein Matthias , Cary Francesca , Langendam Andrew 
Published: April 2022

AbstractOn June 1, 2019, just before 7:30 p.m. local time, the Desert Fireball Network (DFN) detected a −9.3 magnitude fireball over South Australia near the Western Australia border. The event was observed by six fireball observatories, and lasted for 5 s. One station was nearly directly underneath the trajectory, greatly constraining the trajectory solution. This trajectory's backward numerical integrations indicate that the object originated from the outer main belt with a semimajor axis of 2.75 au. A light curve was also extracted and showed that the body experienced very little fragmentation during its atmospheric passage. A search campaign was conducted with several DFN team members and other volunteers. One 42 g fragment was recovered within the predicted fall area based on the dark flight model. Based on measurements of short‐lived radionuclides, the fragment was confirmed to be a fresh fall. The meteorite, Arpu Kuilpu, has been classified as an H5 ordinary chondrite. This marks the fifth fall recovered in Australia by the DFN, and the smallest meteoroid (≃2 kg) to ever survive entry and be recovered as a meteorite.
Chromosome‐level genome assembly for takin (Budorcas taxicolor) provides insights into its taxonomic status and genetic diversity
Authors: Li Anning , Yang Qimeng , Li Ran , Dai Xuelei , Cai Keli , Lei Yinghu , Jia Kangsheng , Jiang Yu , Zan Linsen 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe takin (Budorcas taxicolor) is one of the largest bovid herbivores in the subfamily Caprinae. The takin is at high risk of extinction, but its taxonomic status and genetic diversity remain unclear. In this study, we constructed the first reference genome of Bu. taxicolor using PacBio long High‐Fidelity reads and Hi‐C technology. The assembled genome is ~2.95 Gb with a contig N50 of 68.05 Mb, which were anchored onto 25+XY chromosomes. We found that the takin was more closely related to muskox than to other Caprinae species. Compared to the common ancestral karyotype of bovidae (2n = 60), we found the takin (2n = 52) experienced four chromosome fusions and one large translocation. Furthermore, we resequenced nine golden takins from the main distribution area, the Qinling Mountains, and identified 3.3 million single nucleotide polymorphisms. The genetic diversity of takin was very low (θπ = 0.00028 and heterozygosity =0.00038), among the lowest detected in domestic and wild mammals. Takin genomes showed a high inbreeding coefficient (FROH =0.217), suggesting severe inbreeding depression. The demographic history showed that the effective population size of takins declined significantly from ~100,000 years ago. Our results provide valuable information for protection of takins and insights into their evolution.
Goodwin, Baumol & Lewis: How structural change can lead to inequality and stagnation
Authors: Rada Codrina , Schiavone Ansel , von Arnim Rudiger 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis paper presents a labor‐constrained aggregate model of growth that explains stagnation and inequality as the result of structural change, which is defined as an exogenous increase in the employment share of low‐productivity services. Productivity growth is increasing in the labor share, reminiscent of induced technical change. Productivity and real wage growth further are assumed to respond negatively to structural change. We label the positive (negative) difference between these effects dominant Lewis (Baumol) dynamics. In steady state, and across two model variants, structural change leads to stagnation. Only the model version with Keynesian aggregate demand, dominant Lewis dynamics and a weak profit squeeze also exhibits a falling labor share, and hence conforms to key stylized facts.
Results from a Phase 1/2 trial of BB2603, a terbinafine‐based topical nano‐formulation, in onychomycosis and tinea pedis
Authors: Fuhr Rainard , Cook David , Ridden John , Nield Kerry , Leigh Emma , Cook Julie , Davies‐Strickleton Heather , Dobmeyer Juergen 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBB2603 is a nano‐formulation of the antifungal drug terbinafine with the polymer polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB) as an excipient to enhance solubility and drug delivery to skin and nails. BB2603 is delivered topically using a low‐velocity spray. It is being developed in different strength formulations for the treatment of fungal infections of the nail and skin, including onychomycosis and tinea pedis, with BB2603‐1 (0.01% terbinafine) tested in the present trial. The aim of this study was to assess systemic exposure, safety and tolerability of BB2603‐1 compared with Lamisil® AT 1% spray and BB2603‐1 vehicle control in onychomycosis and tinea pedis. Preliminary mycological and clinical activity were also investigated. This was a single‐centre Phase 1/2, randomised, partially blinded, active‐ and vehicle‐controlled, parallel‐group trial in 46 subjects with onychomycosis associated with tinea pedis. Part 1 investigated BB2603‐1 versus Lamisil AT 1% spray and BB2603‐1 vehicle (4 weeks treatment). Part 2 investigated BB2603‐1 versus BB2603‐1 vehicle (additional 48 weeks treatment). No measurable systemic exposure of terbinafine was shown over 52 weeks of treatment with BB2603‐1. BB2603‐1 had an excellent safety and tolerability profile with no drug‐related safety findings and no evidence of skin sensitisation. BB2603‐1 showed preliminary evidence of anti‐dermatophyte activity, demonstrated by a reduction in dermatophyte positive cultures and a reduction in microscopic evidence of dermatophytes. The pharmacokinetic, safety and efficacy data from this trial support further development of the topical terbinafine‐based nano‐formulation BB2603 in fungal infections of the skin and nail, including onychomycosis and tinea pedis.
Fasting pyloric diameter and distensibility by functional endoluminal imaging probe in unsedated healthy volunteers
Authors: Zheng Ting , Vosoughi Kia , Busciglio Irene , Tebay Lisa , Burton Duane , Camilleri Michael 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundRecent studies with functional endoluminal imaging probe (EndoFLIP®) measure physiologic characteristics of the pylorus. EndoFLIP® has the potential to select optimal candidates for gastric peroral endoscopic myotomy (G‐POEM). Normative values of the pylorus using EndoFLIP® have not been established.MethodsTwenty‐four healthy volunteers (20–56 years old; 15 females) underwent unsedated, transoral EndoFLIP® measurements of the pylorus after 8 h of fasting. Measurements of diameter (DM), balloon pressure, and distensibility index (DI) of the pylorus were obtained twice over 5 min at 40, 50, and 60 ml balloon distensions.Key ResultsPyloric DM at 40, 50, and 60 ml balloon distensions were 13.0 ± 2.5, 14.3 ± 1.8, and 17.2 ± 2.0 mm, respectively. DM with 60 ml distension was notably higher than with 40 and 50 ml distensions. Pyloric DI at 40, 50, and 60 ml distensions were 10.9 ± 4.8, 11.3 ± 5.8, and 11.1 ± 4.3 mm2/mm Hg, respectively (p = 0.86). Linear regression and Bland–Altman plots showed similar distribution of the DM and DI during the second minute compared with the full 5‐min measurements at 50 ml distension, as well as between two sequential measurements using 50 ml distension. With 50 ml balloon distension, intraindividual coefficients of variation (COVintra) for DM and DI were 13.8% and 29.6%, respectively, and interindividual COV (COVinter) were 12.6% and 51.3%, respectively. Similar reproducibility was obtained with 40 ml balloon distension.Conclusions and InferencesUnsedated EndoFLIP® can be used to characterize human fasting pyloric diameter and distensibility, with best performance observed with 40 ml and 50 ml distensions and data collection during the second minute. Normative values reported serve as reference values for future studies.
Informal caregiving from the perspectives of older people living alone in India
Authors: Gustafsson Lena‐Karin , Asztalos Morell Ildikó , Johansson Carl , De Santa 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe cultural and social norms in India stipulate that family and preferably children of the older person, provide the support and care that is needed. In recent years, we have witnessed an overall upsurge in interest in informal care from all countries in the developed world considering their ageing populations. The older people living alone group is, especially interesting in this matter, since it seems to deviate from the expectations of extended family living.ObjectiveThe aim was to describe older persons' experiences of informal care when living alone in India.MethodsThe study has a hermeneutic design, analysing interviews of older persons living alone in India.ResultsFindings revealed informal care as the thematic patterns: Informal care as a fundamental human responsibility, an obligation and thereby a way to act in ‘common sense’. It was a way of ‘paying‐back’ care that they had received from others in their life history, motivated by governmental care was not presented as an option. Informal care also created safety by the provision of alert and actionable care by loved ones, including spatial safety. Most of the informants experienced themselves as informal caregivers assisting others in need even if they themselves were old and fragile. Providing self care was also seen as a part of informal care conducted by capable and worthy persons. They also pointed out their own obligation to seek informal care and even to listen to the suggestions of younger generations regarding the type and scope of care.Conclusions/Implications for practiceInformal care in India is not only dependent on having children who ensure that you receive the care you need. Extended family, neighbours and friends feel a basic human obligation to care for the older people in their environment. This responsibility is deeply rooted even within the older people who become fragile in old age.
Reconstruction for Massive Proximal Tibial Bone Defects Using Patient‐Customized Three‐Dimensional‐Printed Metaphyseal Cones in Revision Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Li Yang , Wang Xinguang , Tian Hua 
Published: April 2022

ObjectiveTo review the clinical outcomes of revision total knee arthroplasty (RTKA) with massive proximal tibial bone defects using patient‐customized three‐dimensional (3D) printed highly porous metaphyseal cones.MethodsA retrospective study of all patients at our institution who underwent RTKA with the Anderson Orthopaedic Research Institute type III tibial defects using patient‐customized 3D‐printed highly porous metaphyseal cones was performed from 2016 to 2018. Seven patients were enrolled in this study. General results (age, sex, and body mass index); intraoperative results (interface compatibility and stability, and operating time); and perioperative complications (total blood loss, blood transfusion rate, and deep venous thrombosis) were recorded and analyzed. Clinical improvement and functional evaluation (survivorship of implant, improvement of Hospital for Special Surgery Score and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index, and improvement of range of motion [ROM]), and radiographic improvement and implant evaluation (progressive radiolucent lines or radiographic loosening, and mechanical alignment) were evaluated at 2 weeks, 6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, 1 year, 2 years, and then annually, postoperatively.ResultsThe mean age at diagnosis was 68 (61–77) years. The mean follow‐up was 25.3 (19–36) months. At the latest follow‐up, no aseptic loosening, prosthetic joint infection, or other complications were noted. The mean Hospital for Special Surgery Score increased from 49 (39–63) to 78 (70–83) (P < 0.01), whereas the mean Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index increased from 59 (46–73) to 26 (12–38) (P < 0.01). All patients achieved improved postoperative ROM with the mean flexion angle increasing from 66° (30°–80°) to 93° (80°–100°), and improved mechanical alignment with all hip–knee–ankle (HKA) angles within ±3°.ConclusionsThe patient‐customized 3D‐printed metaphyseal cone is useful technique for reconstructing massive proximal tibial bone defects, with encouraging clinical and radiological outcomes in RTKA.
A Phase 1 study of ADI‐PEG20 (pegargiminase) combined with cisplatin and pemetrexed in ASS1‐negative metastatic uveal melanoma
Authors: Chan Pui Ying , Phillips Melissa M. , Ellis Stephen , Johnston Amanda , Feng Xiaoxing , Arora Amit , Hay Gordon , Cohen Victoria M. L. , Sagoo Mandeep S. , Bomalaski John S. , Sheaff Michael T. , Szlosarek Peter W. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractMetastatic uveal melanoma (UM) is a devastating disease with few treatment options. We evaluated the safety, tolerability and preliminary activity of arginine depletion using pegylated arginine deiminase (ADI‐PEG20; pegargiminase) combined with pemetrexed (Pem) and cisplatin (Cis) chemotherapy in a phase 1 dose‐expansion study of patients with argininosuccinate synthetase (ASS1)‐deficient metastatic UM. Eligible patients received up to six cycles of Pem (500 mg/m2) and Cis (75 mg/m2) every 3 weeks plus weekly intramuscular ADI (36 mg/m2), followed by maintenance ADI until progression (NCT02029690). Ten of fourteen ASS1‐deficient patients with UM liver metastases and a median of one line of prior immunotherapy received ADIPemCis. Only one ≥ grade 3 adverse event of febrile neutropenia was reported. Seven patients had stable disease with a median progression‐free survival of 3.0 months (range, 1.3–8.1) and a median overall survival of 11.5 months (range, 3.2–36.9). Despite anti‐ADI‐PEG20 antibody emergence, plasma arginine concentrations remained suppressed by 18 weeks with a reciprocal increase in plasma citrulline. Tumour rebiopsies at progression revealed ASS1 re‐expression as an escape mechanism. ADIPemCis was well tolerated with modest disease stabilisation in metastatic UM. Further investigation of arginine deprivation is indicated in UM including combinations with immune checkpoint blockade and additional anti‐metabolite strategies.