bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic Value of Stromal Type IV Collagen Expression in Small Invasive Breast Cancers
Authors: Jansson Malin , Lindberg Jessica , Rask Gunilla , Svensson Johan , Billing Ola , Nazemroaya Anoosheh , Berglund Anette , Wärnberg Fredrik , Sund Malin 
Published: May 2022

Breast cancer is the most common cause of cancer death among women worldwide. Localized breast cancer can be cured by surgery and adjuvant therapy, but mortality remains high for tumors that metastasize early. Type IV collagen is a basement membrane protein, and breach of this extracellular matrix structure is the first step of cancer invasion. Type IV collagen is found in the stroma of many cancers, but its role in tumor biology is unclear. Here, expression of type IV collagen in the stroma of small breast cancers was analyzed, correlated to clinically used prognostic biomarkers and patient survival. The findings were further validated in an independent gene expression data cohort. Tissue samples from 1,379 women with in situ and small invasive breast cancers (≤15 mm) diagnosed in 1986-2004 were included. Primary tumor tissue was collected into tissue microarrays. Type IV collagen expression in tissues was visualized using immunohistochemistry. Gene expression data was extracted from the Cancer Genome Atlas database. Out of 1,379 women, 856 had an invasive breast cancer and type IV collagen staining was available for 714 patients. In Kaplan-Meier analysis high type IV collagen expression was significantly associated (p = 0.026) with poorer breast cancer specific survival. There was no correlation of type IV collagen expression to clinically used prognostic biomarkers. High type IV collagen expression was clearly associated to distant metastasis (p = 0.002). In an external validation cohort (n = 1,104), high type IV collagen mRNA expression was significantly (p = 0.041) associated with poorer overall survival, with overexpression of type IV collagen mRNA in metastatic tissue. Stromal type IV collagen expression in the primary tumor correlates to poor breast cancer specific survival most likely due to a higher risk of developing distant metastasis. This ECM protein may function as biomarker to predict the risk of future metastatic disease in patients with breast cancers.
Analysis of Genetic Association Between ABCA7 Polymorphism and Alzheimer’s Disease Risk in the Southern Chinese Population
Authors: Wang Lijun , Jiao Yang , Zhao Aonan , Xu Xiaomeng , Ye Guanyu , Zhang Yichi , Wang Ying , Deng Yulei , Xu Wei , Liu Jun 
Published: May 2022

ObjectiveThe study aimed to clarify the association of the 21 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) in the population of southern China.MethodsA case-control study was conducted with a total sample size of 490 subjects (246 patients with AD and 244 age- and gender-matched healthy controls) enrolled in this study. Twenty-one selected SNPs were detected using SNaPshot assay and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. Then, we assessed how these SNPs correlated with AD susceptibility.ResultsThe results showed that rs3764650 of ABCA7 was closely correlated with risen AD morbidity in the allele [P = 0.010, odds ratio (OR) = 1.43, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.09–1.89], dominant (P = 0.004, OR = 1.71, 95% CI 1.19–2.46), and additive (P = 0.012, OR = 1.42, 95% CI 1.08–1.86) models. However, rs4147929 of ABCA7 was related to higher AD risk in the allele (P = 0.006, OR = 1.45, 95% CI 1.11–1.89), dominant (P = 0.012, OR = 1.59, 95% CI 1.11–2.27), and additive (P = 0.010, OR = 1.40, 95% CI 1.08–1.81) models. In addition, the frequencies of the G-allele at rs3764650 (P = 0.030) and the A-allele at rs4147929 (P = 0.001) in AD were statistically higher in APOE ε4 carriers in comparison to non-carriers.ConclusionThis study demonstrated that the G-allele at rs3764650 and the A-allele at rs4147929 appeared at higher risk for developing AD, particularly in APOE ε4 carriers. Moreover, it was observed that rs3764650 and rs4147929 of ABCA7 were linked to AD. More in-depth research with a relatively large sample is needed to make the results more convincing.
The Impact of Aerobic Exercise on Mood Symptoms in Trauma-Exposed Young Adults: A Pilot Study
Authors: Mizzi Allison L. , McKinnon Margaret C. , Becker Suzanna 
Published: May 2022

IntroductionPhysical activity has beneficial effects on mood in both healthy and clinical populations. Emerging literature suggests that physical activity may benefit psychological symptoms, such as depressive mood, in those with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). It is estimated that 76% of Canadians have experienced a traumatic event during their lifetime (Van Ameringen et al., 2008). Thus, there is a large proportion of the population that does not meet criteria for PTSD but may still suffer from trauma-related symptoms such as depression and require support for their mental health. The current pilot study aimed to evaluate the impact of an aerobic exercise intervention on mood symptoms in trauma-exposed young adults.MethodsTwenty-five low active young adults with subclinical trauma symptoms but no current or past diagnosis of PTSD were recruited. Participants were randomly assigned to participate in an 8-week exercise intervention group or a waitlist control group. Mood symptoms were assessed before and after the intervention. In addition, measures of aerobic fitness, trauma symptoms, emotion regulation, and trait mindfulness were assessed at both time points.ResultsThe exercise intervention was effective at inducing the expected improvements in aerobic fitness. Overall, the exercise group had a significantly greater decrease in mood symptoms across the intervention compared to the waitlist control group.ConclusionThe current pilot study is the first to evaluate the impact of aerobic exercise on mood in trauma-exposed young adults. An 8-week intervention significantly reduced mood symptoms in exercisers relative to waitlist controls. Our results are consistent with previous research indicating that physical activity reduced depressive symptoms in those with PTSD (Rosenbaum et al., 2015b). Importantly, we extend these findings to individuals with subclinical or undiagnosed PTSD symptoms, where exercise may be an effective intervention to improve mood and manage or prevent further decline in mental health in those at risk of developing PTSD.
The Risk Reduction Effect of a Nutritional Intervention With a Partially Hydrolyzed Whey-Based Formula on Cow's Milk Protein Allergy and Atopic Dermatitis in High-Risk Infants Within the First 6 Months of Life: The Allergy Reduction Trial (A.R.T.), a Multicenter Double-Blinded Randomized Controlled Study
Authors: Nicolaou Nicolaos , Pancheva Rouzha , Karaglani Eva , Sekkidou Mikaela , Marinova-Achkar Miglena , Popova Simoneta , Tzaki Margarita , Kapetanaki Anastasia , Iacovidou Nicoletta , Boutsikou Theodora , Iliodromiti Zoi , Papaevangelou Vassiliki , Sardeli Olympia , Xepapadaki Paraskevi , Papathoma Evangelia , Thijs-Verhoeven Inge , Kudla Urszula , Ulfman Laurien H. , Schaafsma Anne , Manios Yannis 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundThe role of partially hydrolyzed formulas (pHF) as part of nutritional interventions to prevent the development of allergic manifestations (AM) is questioned, and efficacy of each specific pHF should be substantiated.ObjectiveTo investigate the risk-reduction effect of a whey-based pHF on the development of cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA) and atopic dermatitis (AD) in infants at high-risk for allergy within the first 6 months of life.Materials and MethodsIn a multicenter double-blinded randomized controlled setting, healthy non-exclusively breastfed full-term infants, received either a specific whey-based pHF or a standard cow's milk-based formula (SF) and were clinically assessed for AM at 2, 4, and 6 months of age, supported by the objective scoring tools SCORAD and CoMiSS. CMPA was confirmed by open food challenge. Intention-to-Treat (ITT) and Per-Protocol (PP) analyses were performed.ResultsOf 331 randomized subjects (ITT analysis set), 160 received the pHF and 171 the SF. Six (3.8%) infants in the pHF and 12 (7%) in the SF group developed CMPA (p = 0.186). AD incidence was significantly lower in those receiving pHF as compared to SF (10.6% vs. 18.7%, p = 0.024) with a relative risk (RR, 95% CI) of 0.54 (0.32, 0.92), in particular when adjusting for family history of AD [6.5% vs. 27.3%, RR 0.24 (0.07, 0.78), p = 0.018] representing a risk reduction of 76%. The PP analysis showed similar results.ConclusionThis specific whey-based pHF reduced the risk of AD development, particularly in those with a family history of AD, and tended to reduce the development of CMPA in non-exclusively breastfed infants at high-risk for allergy. The A.R.T. study suggests that this particular pHF may contribute to measures aimed at prevention of allergic manifestations. However, further studies are needed to confirm this risk-reduction effect.
Heterogeneous Expression and Subcellular Localization of Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex in Prostate Cancer
Authors: Nunes-Xavier Caroline E. , Mingo Janire , Emaldi Maite , Flem-Karlsen Karine , Mælandsmo Gunhild M. , Fodstad Øystein , Llarena Roberto , López José I. , Pulido Rafael 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundPyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) complex converts pyruvate into acetyl-CoA by pyruvate decarboxylation, which drives energy metabolism during cell growth, including prostate cancer (PCa) cell growth. The major catalytic subunit of PDH, PDHA1, is regulated by phosphorylation/dephosphorylation by pyruvate dehydrogenase kinases (PDKs) and pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatases (PDPs). There are four kinases, PDK1, PDK2, PDK3 and PDK4, which can phosphorylate and inactivate PDH; and two phosphatases, PDP1 and PDP2, that dephosphorylate and activate PDH.MethodsWe have analyzed by immunohistochemistry the expression and clinicopathological correlations of PDHA1, PDP1, PDP2, PDK1, PDK2, PDK3, and PDK4, as well as of androgen receptor (AR), in a retrospective PCa cohort of patients. A total of 120 PCa samples of representative tumor areas from all patients were included in tissue microarray (TMA) blocks for analysis. In addition, we studied the subcellular localization of PDK2 and PDK3, and the effects of the PDK inhibitor dichloroacetate (DCA) in the growth, proliferation, and mitochondrial respiration of PCa cells.ResultsWe found heterogeneous expression of the PDH complex components in PCa tumors. PDHA1, PDP1, PDK1, PDK2, and PDK4 expression correlated positively with AR expression. A significant correlation of PDK2 immunostaining with biochemical recurrence and disease-free survival was revealed. In PCa tissue specimens, PDK2 displayed cytoplasmic and nuclear immunostaining, whereas PDK1, PDK3 and PDK4 showed mostly cytoplasmic staining. In cells, ectopically expressed PDK2 and PDK3 were mainly localized in mitochondria compartments. An increase in maximal mitochondrial respiration was observed in PCa cells upon PDK inhibition by DCA, in parallel with less proliferative capacity.ConclusionOur findings support the notion that expression of specific PDH complex components is related with AR signaling in PCa tumors. Furthermore, PDK2 expression associated with poor PCa prognosis. This highlights a potential for PDH complex components as targets for intervention in PCa.
Diastolic Dysfunction in Neonates With Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy During Therapeutic Hypothermia: A Tissue Doppler Study
Authors: Rodriguez Maria Jose , Martinez-Orgado Jose , Corredera Araceli , Serrano Irene , Arruza Luis 
Published: May 2022

Diastolic dysfunction often complicates myocardial ischemia with increased mortality rates. However, less is known about diastolic function after perinatal asphyxia in neonates with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) during therapeutic hypothermia (TH) and rewarming.AimThe aim of this study was to assess diastolic function with tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) in neonates with moderate–severe HIE during TH and rewarming.MethodNewborns at &gt;36 weeks' gestation with moderate–severe HIE treated with TH were evaluated with targeted neonatal echocardiography (TNE), including TDI, within 24 h of TH initiation (T1), at 48–72 h of treatment (T2), and after rewarming (T3). These retrospective data were collected and compared with a control group of healthy babies at &gt;36 weeks' gestation that was prospectively evaluated following the same protocol.ResultsA total of 21 patients with HIE + TH and 15 controls were included in the study. Myocardial relaxation before the onset of biventricular filling was prolonged in the HIE + TH group during TH with significantly longer isovolumic relaxation time (IVRT') in the left ventricle (LV), the septum, and the right ventricle (RV). This was associated with slower RV early diastolic velocity (e') and prolonged filling on T1. Total isovolumic time (t-IVT; isovolumic contraction time [IVCT'] + IVRT') and myocardial performance index (MPI') were globally increased in asphyxiated neonates. All these differences persisted after correction for heart rate (HR) and normalized after rewarming. TDI parameters assessing late diastole (a' velocity or e'/a' and E/e' ratios) did not differ between groups.ConclusionTDI evaluation in our study demonstrated a pattern of early diastolic dysfunction during TH that normalized after rewarming, whereas late diastole seemed to be preserved. Our data also suggest a possible involvement of impaired twist/untwist motion and dyssynchrony. More studies are needed to investigate the impact and therapeutic implication of diastolic dysfunction in these babies, as well as to clarify the role of TH in these findings.
Comparative Metabolomics Analysis Reveals Key Metabolic Mechanisms and Protein Biomarkers in Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Dai Zhao , Hu Tian , Su Shijie , Liu Jinman , Ma Yinzhong , Zhuo Yue , Fang Shuhuan , Wang Qi , Mo Zhizhun , Pan Huafeng , Fang Jiansong 
Published: May 2022

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is one of the most common progressive neurodegenerative diseases, accompanied by global alterations in metabolic profiles. In the past 10 years, over hundreds of metabolomics studies have been conducted to unravel metabolic changes in AD, which provides insight into the identification of potential biomarkers for diagnosis, treatment, and prognostic assessment. However, since different species may lead to systemic abnormalities in metabolomic profiles, it is urgently needed to perform a comparative metabolomics analysis between AD animal models and human patients. In this study, we integrated 78 metabolic profiles from public literatures, including 11 metabolomics studies in different AD mouse models and 67 metabolomics studies from AD patients. Metabolites and enrichment analysis were further conducted to reveal key metabolic pathways and metabolites in AD. We totally identified 14 key metabolites and 16 pathways that are both differentially significant in AD mouse models and patients. Moreover, we built a metabolite-target network to predict potential protein markers in AD. Finally, we validated HER2 and NDF2 as key protein markers in APP/PS1 mice. Overall, this study provides a comprehensive strategy for AD metabolomics research, contributing to understanding the pathological mechanism of AD.
Fusion of THz-TDS and NIRS Based Detection of Moisture Content for Cattle Feed
Authors: Huang Jinlei , Luo Bin , Cao Yaoyao , Li Bin , Qian Mengbo , Jia Nan , Zhao Wenwen 
Published: May 2022

As an essential index to evaluate feed quality, feed moisture content which is too high or too low will impose an adverse impact on feed nutritional value. Therefore, the quantitative analysis of feed moisture content is significant. In this paper, the detection of feed moisture content based on terahertz (THz) and near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy and data fusion technology of THz and NIR (THz-NIR) was investigated. First, feed samples with different water content (29.46%–49.46%) were prepared, and THz (50–3000 μm) and NIR (900–1700 nm) spectral data of samples was collected and preprocessed, and the feed samples were divided into correction set and verification set by 2:1. Second, the spectral data was fused through the head-to-tail splicing, and the feed moisture content prediction model was established combined with partial least squares regression (PLSR). Third, competitive adaptive reweighting sampling (CARS) was applied to extract spectral characteristic variables for feature layer fusion, and the feed moisture content prediction model in feature level was constructed combined with PLSR. Finally, the evaluation parameters validation set correlation coefficient (Rp), the root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP), and the residual predictive deviation (RPD) were employed to evaluate the prediction effect of the model. The results indicated that THz, NIR spectra, and data fusion technology could quickly and effectively predict feed moisture content. Among them, the characteristic layer spectral data fusion model achieved the optimal prediction effect while Rp, RMSEP, and RPD reached 0.9933, 0.0069, and 8.7386 respectively. In conclusion, compared with the prediction model established by single THz and NIR spectrum, THz-NIR spectrum data fusion could more accurately predict feed moisture content and provide certain theoretical and technical support for inspirations and methods for quantitative analysis of feed moisture content of livestock and poultry.
100 kHz Narrow-Linewidth Burst-Mode MOPA Laser System With Uniform Envelope
Authors: Yu Xin , Zhang Shanchun , Peng Jiangbo , Cao Zhen , Gao Long , Liu Wenbei 
Published: May 2022

In this study, a 100-kHz narrow-linewidth burst-mode laser system combined with a master oscillator power amplifier (MOPA) structure was reported with a stable pulse burst profile over 2 ms duration. A theoretical model was established to characterize and compensate the variation characteristics of coefficient of variation (COV) within a burst envelope for the double-pass three-stage amplification system, in terms of different parameter factors. Simulated results yielded similar tendency with the measured ones. For a stable burst envelope with a COV of 2.72% and 2.93%, output pulse energy at a 100 kHz repetition rate was scaled up to 1.08 and 4.38 mJ in the case of an input average pulse energy of 8.6 and 116.51 nJ, respectively. Corresponding Mx2 and My2 values with 2.2 and 2.4 were endowed with 1.08 mJ output single-pulse energy and 2.7 and 2.1 for 4.38 mJ pulse energy. The spectral linewidth of amplified pulses was measured to be less than 83.1 and 67.9 MHz, with respect to output pulse duration of 10.3 and 96.1 ns, respectively.
Calculation of the Coupling Coefficient in Step-Index Multimode Polymer Optical Fibers Based on the Far-Field Measurements
Authors: Savović Svetislav , Djordjevich Alexandar , Drljača Branko , Simović Ana , Min Rui 
Published: May 2022

Using the power flow equation (PFE), this article investigates mode coupling in step-index (SI) multimode (MM) polymer optical fiber (POF). This equation’s coupling coefficient was initially fine-tuned so that it could appropriately reconstruct previously recorded far-field (FF) power distributions. The equilibrium mode distribution (EMD) and steady-state distribution (SSD) in the SI MM POF were found to be obtained at lengths Lc = 15 m and zs = 41 m, respectively. These lengths are substantially shorter than their glass optical fiber counterparts. Such characterization of the investigated POF can be used in its employment as a part of the communication or sensory system. Namely, the POF’s bandwidth is inverse linear function of fiber length (z−1) below the coupling length Lc. However, it has a z−1/2 dependence beyond this equilibrium length. Thus, the shorter the coupling length Lc, the sooner transition to the regime of slower bandwidth decrease occurs. It is also important to be able to determine a modal distribution at a certain length of the POF employed as a part of optical fiber sensory system.
A Systematic Review of “Helicopter Parenting” and Its Relationship With Anxiety and Depression
Authors: Vigdal Julia Schønning , Brønnick Kolbjørn Kallesten 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundEmerging evidence suggests that overprotective and controlling parenting, often referred to as “helicopter parenting” may have negative implications on the child's mental health such as anxiety and depression. However, no systematic review on the topic exists.ObjectiveConducting a systematic review to identify all studies where the relationship between helicopter parenting and symptoms of anxiety and/or depression have been investigated.MethodA systematic literature search conducted the 3rd of November 2021 yielded 38 eligible studies. Since helicopter parenting is a fairly new construct, this review considered parental control and overprotective parenting to be dimensions of helicopter parenting and thus, eligible for the study. Study quality was assessed in accordance with Campbells Validity Typology.ResultsThe majority of the studies included in this review found a direct relationship between helicopter parenting and symptoms of anxiety and depression. However, validity problems undermine these findings with regarding to assessing the causal relationship between helicopter parenting and these symptoms. There were no longitudinal studies of sufficient quality to determine if helicopter parenting precedes the outcome of anxiety and depression.ConclusionEven though the majority of the studies included in this systematic review found a relationship between helicopter parenting and anxiety and depression, the evidence for this relationship is insufficient and must be investigated further. Findings suggest that it is important to include both maternal and paternal parenting style in future studies as they could affect the outcome of anxiety and depression differently.Systematic Review RegistrationPROSPERO 2020 CRD42020167465, https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=167465.