bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Levantamento e caracterização fenotípica de etnovariedades de mandioca cultivadas em assentamentos rurais no estado de Mato Grosso, Brasil
Authors: Silva Maiara Cristina Metzdorf da , Cordeiro Angelo Gabriel Mendes , Tiago Auana Vicente , Pedri Eliane Cristina Moreno de , Rossi Ana Aparecida Bandini 
Published: May 2022

A mandioca apresenta ampla diversidade genética, a qual é cultivada, em grande parte, por agricultores familiares. O presente estudo objetiva realizar um levantamento e caracterizar fenotipicamente as etnovariedades cultivadas por agricultores familiares em assentamentos rurais no Estado de Mato Grosso. O estudo foi conduzido em três assentamentos, Nossa Senhora Aparecida (NSA) e Júlio Firmino Domingues (JFD), no município de Alta Floresta, e assentamento São Pedro (ASP), em Paranaíta. As etnovariedades cultivadas nas propriedades foram caracterizadas, utilizando 13 descritores qualitativos. Foi calculada a frequência de cultivo das etnovariedades e a frequência das classes fenotípicas de cada descritor. Para caracterização da diversidade fenotípica, as variáveis qualitativas foram analisadas como multicategóricas, com múltiplas classes e agrupadas pelo método UPGMA, através do programa Genes. Foram visitadas 33 propriedades, nas quais se identificaram 76 etnovariedades cultivadas nos três assentamentos. Dessas, a etnovariedade “cacau” foi a mais frequente, registrada em 69,7% das propriedades, portanto, consiste na etnovariedade dominante. A caracterização fenotípica apresentou um total de 44 classes, evidenciando variabilidade fenotípica entre as etnovariedades avaliadas. O agrupamento UPGMA formou nove grupos, sendo o grupo GI o mais representativo (72,37%). Os grupos GVIII e GIX foram compostos por uma etnovariedade cada, ASP59 (roxa de fritar) e JFD40 (amarela), respectivamente. Foram identificadas 21 etnovariedades com diferentes denominações, das quais 15 são consideradas raras, por apenas aparecerem citadas um ou duas vezes pelos agricultores. O UPGMA realizado por meio da análise de caracterização fenotípica evidenciou uma ampla diversidade de etnovariedades nas propriedades dos agricultores, tidas como unidades mantenedoras e locais de conservação.
ANALISIS EKONOMI PENDAPATAN USAHA PERKEBUNAN KELAPA SAWIT (Elais gueneensis J) DESA SUKOMULYO KECAMATAN SEPAKU KABUPATEN PENAJAM PASER UTARA
Authors: Duakajui Nella Naomi , Juita Firda , Anshori Iqbal Eka 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRAKSektor pertanian saat ini menjadi sektor penting di bidang ekonomi Indonesia. Indonesia penduduknya lebih dominan memilih pertanian untuk memenuhi kebutuhan hidup, sehingga diperlukan adanya pembangunan secara nasional yang tumpuannya pada pembangunan sektor pertanian. Sektor perkebunan memiliki peluang cukup besar untuk menjadi prioritas. Sektor perkebunan yang dimiliki besar sumbangsihnya dalam meningkatkan pendapatan petani serta penyediaan bahan baku dalam industri sebagai sumber devisa Negara. Kelapa sawit merupakan salah satu tanaman perkebunan yang mempunyai peran penting bagi subsektor perkebunan. Pengembangan kelapa sawit antara lain memberi manfaat dalam peningkatan pendapatan petani dan masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pendapatan usaha perkebunan kelapa sawit. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Desa Sukomulyo Kecamatan Sepaku Kabupaten Penajam Paser Utara Oktober sampai Desember 2019. Metode pengambilan sampel pada penelitian ini adalah (Purposive Sampling). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh penerimaan untuk usahatani yang dikembangkan dalam usaha perkebunan kelapa sawit dengan luas lahan rata-rata yakni 3 hektar, harga TBS Rp 1.100,00 adalah sebesar Rp70.723.146,00 tahun-1, sedangkan total biaya rata-rata adalah sebesar Rp35.352.867,00 tahun-1, total pendapatan yang dihasilkan yakni Rp35.370.279,00,00 tahun-1. Revenue/Cost Ratio yang dihasilkan yakni 2,00 maksudnya usaha perkebunan kelapa sawit dikategorikan untung.Kata Kunci: Analisis, pendapatan, usaha, perkebunan, kelapa sawit
Significant Association of Variable Number Tandem Repeat Polymorphism rs58335419 in the MIR137 Gene With the Risk of Gastric and Colon Cancers
Authors: Jafari Pegah , Baghernia Sedighe , Moghanibashi Mehdi , Mohamadynejad Parisa 
Published: May 2022

The purpose of the article: The MIR137 gene acts as a tumor-suppressor gene in colon and gastric cancers. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of functional variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) polymorphism rs58335419 locating in the upstream of the MIR137 gene with the risk of colon and gastric cancers.Materials and methods: Totally, 429 individuals were contributed in the study, including 154 colon and 120 gastric cancer patients and 155 healthy controls. The target VNTR was genotyped using PCR and electrophoresis for all samples. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 21.0 software and by T, χ2 and logistic regression tests.Results: Excluding the rare genotypes, our results showed that genotype 3/5 (95% CI = 1.08–3.73, OR = 2.01, p = 0.026) significantly increased the risk of colon cancer but not gastric cancer (95% CI = 0.88–3.30, OR = 1.70, p = 0.114). Also, in the stratification analysis for VNTRs and sex, genotypes 3/4 (95% CI = 1.00–6.07, OR = 2.46, p = 0.049) and 3/5 (95% CI = 1.25–7.18, OR = 2.99, p = 0.014) significantly increased the risk of colon cancer in men but not in women. In addition, all genotypes including the rare genotypes as a group, significantly increase the risk of gastric (95% CI = 1.14–3.00, OR = 1.85, p = 0.012) and colon (95% CI = 1.38–3.43, OR = 2.17, p = 0.001) cancers compared to the genotype 3/3 as a reference.Conclusion: The results show that increasing the copy of VNTR in the MIR137 gene, increases the risk of colon and gastric cancers and can serve as a marker for susceptibility to colon and gastric cancers.
In Situ Formation of Bi2MoO6-Bi2S3 Heterostructure: A Proof-Of-Concept Study for Photoelectrochemical Bioassay of l-Cysteine
Authors: Xiao Hui-Jin , Liao Xiao-Jing , Wang Hui , Ren Shu-Wei , Cao Jun-Tao , Liu Yan-Ming 
Published: May 2022

A novel signal-increased photoelectrochemical (PEC) biosensor for l-cysteine (L-Cys) was proposed based on the Bi2MoO6–Bi2S3 heterostructure formed in situ on the indium–tin oxide (ITO) electrode. To fabricate the PEC biosensor, Bi2MoO6 nanoparticles were prepared by a hydrothermal method and coated on a bare ITO electrode. When L-Cys existed, Bi2S3 was formed in situ on the interface of the Bi2MoO6/ITO electrode by a chemical displacement reaction. Under the visible light irradiation, the Bi2MoO6–Bi2S3/ITO electrode exhibited evident enhancement in photocurrent response compared with the Bi2MoO6/ITO electrode, owing to the signal-increased sensing system and the excellent property of the formed Bi2MoO6–Bi2S3 heterostructure such as the widened light absorption range and efficient separation of photo-induced electron–hole pairs. Under the optimal conditions, the sensor for L-Cys detection has a linear range from 5.0 × 10−11 to 1.0 × 10−4 mol L−1 and a detection limit of 5.0 × 10−12 mol L−1. The recoveries ranging from 90.0% to 110.0% for determining L-Cys in human serum samples validated the applicability of the biosensor. This strategy not only provides a method for L-Cys detection but also broadens the application of the PEC bioanalysis based on in situ formation of photoactive materials.
Airway Epithelial Cells Differentially Adapt Their Iron Metabolism to Infection With Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli In Vitro
Authors: Grubwieser Philipp , Hoffmann Alexander , Hilbe Richard , Seifert Markus , Sonnweber Thomas , Böck Nina , Theurl Igor , Weiss Günter , Nairz Manfred 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundPneumonia is often elicited by bacteria and can be associated with a severe clinical course, respiratory failure and the need for mechanical ventilation. In the alveolus, type-2-alveolar-epithelial-cells (AECII) contribute to innate immune functions. We hypothesized that AECII actively adapt cellular iron homeostasis to restrict this essential nutrient from invading pathogens – a defense strategy termed ‘nutritional immunity’, hitherto mainly demonstrated for myeloid cells.MethodsWe established an in-vitro infection model using the human AECII-like cell line A549. We infected cells with Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) and Escherichia coli (E. coli), two gram-negative bacteria with different modes of infection and frequent causes of hospital-acquired pneumonia. We followed the entry and intracellular growth of these gram-negative bacteria and analyzed differential gene expression and protein levels of key inflammatory and iron metabolism molecules.ResultsBoth, K. pneumoniae and E. coli are able to invade A549 cells, whereas only K. pneumoniae is capable of proliferating intracellularly. After peak bacterial burden, the number of intracellular pathogens declines, suggesting that epithelial cells initiate antimicrobial immune effector pathways to combat bacterial proliferation. The extracellular pathogen E. coli induces an iron retention phenotype in A549 cells, mainly characterized by the downregulation of the pivotal iron exporter ferroportin, the upregulation of the iron importer transferrin-receptor-1 and corresponding induction of the iron storage protein ferritin. In contrast, cells infected with the facultative intracellular bacterium K. pneumoniae exhibit an iron export phenotype indicated by ferroportin upregulation. This differential regulation of iron homeostasis and the pathogen-specific inflammatory reaction is likely mediated by oxidative stress.ConclusionAECII-derived A549 cells show pathogen-specific innate immune functions and adapt their iron handling in response to infection. The differential regulation of iron transporters depends on the preferential intra- or extracellular localization of the pathogen and likely aims at limiting bacterial iron availability.
Clinical Application Evaluation of Elecsys® HIV Duo Assay in Southwest China
Authors: Yang Mei , Yang Wenjuan , Shi Wu , Tao Chuanmin 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundHIV/AIDS continues to be a serious health concern of morbidity and mortality globally, and novel HIV testing is still an important component of diagnosing HIV earlier and reducing the spread of HIV. The Elecsys® HIV Duo assay is a 4th generation assay that can detect both HIV-1 p24 antigen (Ag) and HIV-1/2 antibody (Ab) in parallel and show the subresults for the Ab and Ab units.ObjectivesTo evaluate the clinical performance of the Elecsys® HIV Duo assay on the new cobas E 801 analyzer using a large number of clinical samples from a population in southwest China.MethodsWe collected testing results and information from all patients in a large general hospital. All eligible clinical specimens were first analyzed using the Elecsys® HIV Duo assay. The test results are given either as reactive or nonreactive as well as in the form of a cutoff index (COI). All initially reactive specimens were retested in duplicate with a 3rd-generation kit. Supplementary tests were divided into Ab confirmation tests and HIV-1 nucleic acid tests. GraphPad Prism and Python were used for plotting, and SPSS 21.0 software was used for statistical analysis.ResultsA total of 186391 specimens were received, and 436 patients were confirmed to be positive for HIV. Among the 86 cases with contact history available, there were more males than females, and heterosexual transmission was the most common route of HIV infection. The Elecsys® HIV Duo assay displayed 99.94%, 99.93% and 99.98% specificity for inpatient, outpatient and physical examination patients, respectively. The median COI ratios of the false-positive group were significantly lower than those of the true-positive group.ConclusionsThe Elecsys® HIV Duo test (Cobase801 analyzer) differentiates the detection of HIV-1 p24 Ag and HIV-1/2 Ab with high specificity and facilitates the diagnosis of patients with early HIV infection. Therefore, the Elecsys®HIV Duo test is used for differentiation of antigen and antibody reactivity, making it suitable for routine clinical diagnosis.
Fully Three-Dimensional Hemodynamic Characterization of Altered Blood Flow in Bicuspid Aortic Valve Patients With Respect to Aortic Dilatation: A Finite Element Approach
Authors: Sotelo Julio , Franco Pamela , Guala Andrea , Dux-Santoy Lydia , Ruiz-Muñoz Aroa , Evangelista Arturo , Mella Hernan , Mura Joaquín , Hurtado Daniel E. , Rodríguez-Palomares José F. , Uribe Sergio 
Published: May 2022

Background and PurposePrognostic models based on cardiovascular hemodynamic parameters may bring new information for an early assessment of patients with bicuspid aortic valve (BAV), playing a key role in reducing the long-term risk of cardiovascular events. This work quantifies several three-dimensional hemodynamic parameters in different patients with BAV and ranks their relationships with aortic diameter.Materials and MethodsUsing 4D-flow CMR data of 74 patients with BAV (49 right-left and 25 right-non-coronary) and 48 healthy volunteers, aortic 3D maps of seventeen 17 different hemodynamic parameters were quantified along the thoracic aorta. Patients with BAV were divided into two morphotype categories, BAV-Non-AAoD (where we include 18 non-dilated patients and 7 root-dilated patients) and BAV-AAoD (where we include the 49 patients with dilatation of the ascending aorta). Differences between volunteers and patients were evaluated using MANOVA with Pillai's trace statistic, Mann–Whitney U test, ROC curves, and minimum redundancy maximum relevance algorithm. Spearman's correlation was used to correlate the dilation with each hemodynamic parameter.ResultsThe flow eccentricity, backward velocity, velocity angle, regurgitation fraction, circumferential wall shear stress, axial vorticity, and axial circulation allowed to discriminate between volunteers and patients with BAV, even in the absence of dilation. In patients with BAV, the diameter presented a strong correlation (&gt; |+/−0.7|) with the forward velocity and velocity angle, and a good correlation (&gt; |+/−0.5|) with regurgitation fraction, wall shear stress, wall shear stress axial, and vorticity, also for morphotypes and phenotypes, some of them are correlated with the diameter. The velocity angle proved to be an excellent biomarker in the differentiation between volunteers and patients with BAV, BAV morphotypes, and BAV phenotypes, with an area under the curve bigger than 0.90, and higher predictor important scores.ConclusionsThrough the application of a novel 3D quantification method, hemodynamic parameters related to flow direction, such as flow eccentricity, velocity angle, and regurgitation fraction, presented the best relationships with a local diameter and effectively differentiated patients with BAV from healthy volunteers.
Melatonin and Its Analogs for Prevention of Post-cardiac Surgery Delirium: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Han Yunyang , Tian Yu , Wu Jie , Zhu Xiaoqin , Wang Wei , Zeng Zhenhua , Qin Zaisheng 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundThe effectiveness of melatonin and its analogs in preventing postoperative delirium (POD) following cardiac surgery is controversial. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to confirm the benefits of melatonin and its analogs on delirium prevention in adults who underwent cardiac surgery.MethodsWe systematically searched the PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Embase, and EBSCOhost databases, the last search was performed in October 2021 and repeated before publication. The controlled studies were included if investigated the impact of melatonin and its analogs on POD in adults who underwent cardiac surgery. The primary outcome was the incidence of delirium. The Stata statistical software 17.0 was used to perform this study.ResultsThis meta-analysis included eight randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and two cohort studies with a total of 1,714 patients. The results showed that melatonin and ramelteon administration were associated with a significantly lower incidence of POD in adults who underwent cardiac surgery (odds ratio [OR], 0.46; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.29–0.74; P = 0.001). The subgroup analyses confirmed that melatonin 3 mg (OR, 0.37; 95% CI, 0.18–0.76; P = 0.007) and 5 mg (OR, 0.34; 95% CI, 0.21–0.56; P &lt; 0.001) significantly reduced the incidence of POD.ConclusionMelatonin at dosages of 5 and 3 mg considerably decreased the risk of delirium in adults who underwent cardiac surgery, according to our results. Cautious interpretation of our results is important owing to the modest number of studies included in this meta-analysis and the heterogeneity among them.Systematic Review RegistrationPROSPERO registration number: CRD42021246984.
Inversion of the Temperature and Depth of Geothermal Reservoirs Using Controlled Source Audio Frequency Magnetotellurics and Hydrogeochemical Method
Authors: Zhao Gui , Liu Yanguang , Hu Longhua , Bian Kai , Qin Shenjun , Liu Feng , Hu Jing 
Published: May 2022

The detection of the depth and temperature of deep geothermal reservoirs suffers great uncertainty if it is completed using the simple combination of traditional geophysical and geochemical methods. Given this, this study investigated the combined utilization of multiple methods including the multi-information joint detection using the controlled source audio frequency magnetotellurics (CSAMT) method and geothermometers in the Qutan geothermal field. First, the reservoir temperature and the depth of geothermal water circulation in the geothermal field were estimated using the geochemical method. Afterward, the relationship between the CSAMT resistivity and temperature of strata was explored through borehole temperature measurement. Based on this, the depth and temperature of geothermal reservoirs in the geothermal field were estimated again. According to the comprehensive analysis and comparison of the thermal reservoir temperatures and depths obtained using the two methods, the shallow reservoirs in the Qutan geothermal field have a top burial depth of approximately 423 m, a thickness of about 300 m, a temperature of about 79°C, and a fluid circulation depth of about 1959 m.
Experimental Investigation of the Pressure Dependence of Iso-Octane Combustion
Authors: Shaqiri S. , Kaczmarek D. , vom Lehn F. , Beeckmann J. , Pitsch H. , Kasper T. 
Published: May 2022

Iso-octane is frequently used as a surrogate fuel or as a component in primary reference fuel blends when low-temperature combustion strategies in engines are investigated. To develop control strategies for these engines, the reaction kinetics of iso-octane must be known starting from the low temperatures and intermediate pressures before ignition to the high temperatures and pressures of combustion. This work adds new experimental data sets to the validation data for reaction mechanism development by investigating the oxidation of iso-octane in stoichiometric mixtures in a flow reactor at pressures of p = 1, 10, and 20 bar and 473K ≤ T ≤ 973 K. The experimental data are compared to simulations with recent reaction mechanisms [Atef et al., Combustion and Flame 178, (2017), Bagheri et al., Combustion and Flame 212, (2020), Cai et al., Proceedings of the Combustion Institute 37, (2018), Fang et al., Combustion and Flame 214, (2020)]. The comparison between experimental and simulated mole fractions as function of temperature show reasonable agreement for all investigated pressures. In particular, the experimentally observed onset of low-temperature reactivity above a certain pressure, the shift of the negative temperature coefficient (NTC) regime with increasing pressure to higher temperatures, and the acceleration of the high-temperature chemistry are captured well in the simulations. Deviations between experimental and simulated results are discussed in detail for the reactivity of iso-octane and some key intermediates such as 2,2,4,4-tetramethyl-tetrahydrofuran, iso-butene and acetone at low temperatures.
Experimental Study on Gas Flow in a Rough Microchannel
Authors: Li Deming , Yang Ruixue , Cao Hui , Yao Feng , Shen Chaoqun , Zhang Chengbin , Wu Suchen 
Published: May 2022

The shape and relative roughness of a rough surface have an important influence on microscale flow and heat transfer. In this study, a rectangular silicon microchannel (0.8 mm width and 11.9 μm height) with a large width-depth ratio is fabricated by the MEMS micromachining process. The silicon surface of the microchannel and the two-dimensional rough contours of the glass surface are measured, and the fractal dimensions taken as the only quantitative parameter of the surface morphology are calculated. The three-dimensional morphology of the silicon surface is measured by a confocal laser microscope and atomic force microscope. On this basis, a microscale gas flow performance test system is designed and built, and the flow characteristics of nitrogen and helium in rough silicon microchannel are experimentally studied. The experimental results show that the rough profiles of the silicon surface and the glass surface have possessed self-affine characteristics. Both nitrogen and helium show a certain degree of boundary slip when they flow in a microchannel. The degree of slip of helium flow is larger than that of nitrogen flow, which verifies the rarefied effect of microscale gas flow.
Case Report: Adolescent-Onset Isolated Nephronophthisis Caused by a Novel Homozygous Inversin Mutation
Authors: Zhong Zhengxia , Yan Xiaoyong , Fang Zhengying , Dong Yijun , Tan Jiaxing , Xie Jingyuan , Hu Linhong , Zhang Shibin , Qin Wei 
Published: May 2022

Objective: Nephronophthisis (NPHP) is a rare autosomal recessive inherited kidney disease that can cause cystic enlargement of the kidneys, and lead to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) before the age of 30 years. Herein we describe a case of adolescent-onset NPHP with a novel homozygous mutation in the inversin gene (INVS).Methods: The patient was a 15-year-old Chinese boy who presented with ESRD. Genetic testing was performed via whole exome sequencing and validated via Sanger sequencing. A novel homozygous INVS mutation was identified (c. 1909C &gt; T; p. Gln637Ter).Results: The results of laboratory examinations included urinary protein 1.05 g/24 h, urine erythrocyte count 5/high-power field, serum creatinine 1,026.2 μmol/L, and estimated glomerular filtration rate 5.8 ml/min/1.73 mm2. Extrarenal features included hypertension and moderate anemia, and his parents were consanguineous (first cousins). A homozygous 1-bp substitution resulting in a nonsense mutation (c. 1909C &gt; T; p. Gln637Ter) in exon 15 of INVS was detected via whole exome sequencing, and validated via Sanger sequencing. According to the classification system of the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics, the mutated gene in INVS is strongly pathogenic (PVS1+PM2+PP3+PP5). His parents and a younger brother were heterozygous carriers. Based on the above results he was diagnosed with juvenile type 2 NPHP. He underwent hemodialysis, and received a kidney transplant after 2 months. He is currently recovering well, with a serum creatinine level of 117 μmol/L and an estimated glomerular filtration rate of 79.6 ml/min/1.73 mm2.Conclusion: Here we have described an extremely rare case of adolescent-onset type 2 NPHP caused by a homozygous INVS mutation. The patient had progressed to ESRD by the age of 15 years. The current report will deepen our understanding of the clinical and genetic basis of this disease.