bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study on the factors affecting cracking of earthen soil under dry shrinkage and freeze–thaw conditions
Authors: Yue Jianwei , Huang Xuanjia , Zhao Limin , Wang Zifa 
Published: February 2022

AbstractEarthen sites are easily eroded by the natural environment, resulting in many micro-cracks on the surface. To explore the effects of environmental effects such as drying shrinkage and freeze–thaw on surface cracking, orthogonal tests that imposed these effects on the Zhouqiao site were conducted. Using range analysis, image processing technology, surface strength measurement and microstructure characteristic analysis, this paper explores the effects of soil thickness, water content, dry shrinkage, freeze–thaw cycles and other factors on the morphological characteristics of the site’s surface cracks. The results show that under the action of dry shrinkage, the thickness of soil layer is the primary factor affecting the cracking of earthen soil. The thinner the thickness of soil layer, the lower the moisture content, and the more serious the cracking. The initial moisture content is the most disadvantageous factor affecting the reduction of the surface strength of the earthen soil. The strength around the soil sample is lower than that inside, and there are more cracks. Under the action of freezing and thawing, the main factors affecting the cracking and surface strength reduction of earthen soil are the initial water content and soil layer thickness, and the thicker the soil layer, the smaller the crack development and the lower the surface strength. Scanning electron microscope results show that under dry shrinkage and freeze–thaw conditions, the internal cracks of the soil samples exhibit different shape characteristics. Intergranular cracks appear most often under dry shrinkage conditions, and isolated cracks appear most often in the soil samples from the freeze–thaw cycle test. The cracks caused by these two types of external environment factors damage the earthen soil. According to the tension failure model and the definition of the first frost heaving theory, it can be determined that when the micro pore force F and the maximum frost heaving pressure PImax are greater than the cohesion of the soil sample, the soil sample will germinate cracks.
Cu0.33@Co0.22Ni0.45 core–shell nanoparticles as hydrogen generation catalysts via hydrolysis of ammonia borane
Authors: Shang Wei , Yang Xiaojing , Sang Wanlu 
Published: February 2022

A Cu0.33@Co0.22Ni0.45 core–shell nanocatalyst was produced for hydrolysis of ammonia borane and hydrogen generation. The catalyst has high hydrogen release rate, low activation energies, high cycle performance and excellent structural stability.
Stabilizing V2O3 in carbon nanofiber flexible films for ultrastable potassium storage
Authors: Yao Ge , Lin Minxi , Yang Jie , Wei Lingzhi , niu Helin , Luo Qiquan , Zheng Fangcai , Chen Qianwang 
Published: February 2022

V2O3/CNF flexible films were evaluated as anodes for SIBs, delivering a brilliant sodium storage performance (175 mA h g−1 at 10 A g−1; capacity retention of 98% after 2500 cycles at 1 A g−1).
A SAR‐GMTI method based on changes of polarization characteristics before and after clutter suppression
Authors: Hao Xiaolong , Song Liwen , Liu Aifang , Xu Yifan , Huang Zu‐Zhen 
Published: February 2022

AbstractDue to the azimuth shift and defocus of the moving targets in the synthetic aperture radar image domain, a new synthetic aperture radar ground moving target indication method is proposed in this letter based on the changes of moving targets’ polarization characteristics before and after clutter suppression. This method can effectively suppress the false alarms caused by the man‐made objects compared with the displaced phase centre array method in the complex scenes. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by the real multi‐channel quadrature‐polarimetric synthetic aperture radar data.
A new estimation of astrometric exoplanet detection limits in the habitable zone around nearby stars
Authors: Meunier N. , Lagrange A.-M. 
Published: February 2022

Context. Astrometry is less sensitive to stellar activity than the radial velocity technique when attempting to detect Earth mass planets in the habitable zone of solar-type stars. This is due to a smaller number of physical processes affecting the signal, and a larger ratio of the amplitude of the planetary signal to the stellar signal than with radial velocities. A few high-precision astrometric missions have therefore been proposed over the past two decades.
Aims. We aim to re-estimate the detection limits in astrometry for the nearby stars which are the main targets proposed for the THEIA astrometric mission, which is the most elaborate mission to search for planets, and to characterise its performance on the fitted parameters. This analysis is performed for the 55 F-G-K stars in the THEIA sample.
Methods. We used realistic simulations of stellar activity and selected those that correspond best to each star in terms of spectral type and average activity level. Then, we performed blind tests to estimate the performance.
Results. We find worse detection limits compared to those previously obtained for that sample based on a careful analysis of the false positive rate, with values typically in the Earth-mass regime for most stars of the sample. The difference is attributed to the fact that we analysed full time series, adapted to each star in the sample, rather than using the expected solar jitter only. Although these detection limits have a relatively low signal-to-noise ratio, the fitted parameters have small uncertainties.
Conclusions. We confirm the low impact of stellar activity on exoplanet detectability for solar-type stars, although it plays a significant role for the closest stars such as α Cen A and B. We identify the best targets to be the stars with a close habitable zone. However, for the few stars in the sample with a habitable zone corresponding to long periods, namely subgiants, the THEIA observational strategy is not well adapted and should prevent the detection of planets in the habitable zone, unless a longer mission can be proposed.
Erfahrungen bei der Anwendung motorisierter Marknägel nach
komplexen Extremitätenverletzungen
Authors: Orth Marcel , Mörsdorf Philipp , Fritz Tobias , Braun Benedikt J , Pirpilashvili Vakhtang , Stutz Janine , Veith Nils , Pohlemann Tim , Pizanis Antonius 
Published: February 2022

ZusammenfassungDie Behandlung komplexer Extremitätenverletzungen infolge von
Trümmerfrakturen oder Pseudarthrosen stellt eine besondere Herausforderung
in der Unfallchirurgie dar. Rein interne, motorisierte Implantatsysteme
ermöglichen heutzutage eine patientenorientierte und fortschrittliche
Behandlung solcher Fälle. Der vorliegende Beitrag soll moderne
Behandlungskonzepte komplexer Extremitätenverletzungen vorstellen,
Unterstützung bei der Anwendung neuartiger, motorisierter Marknägel liefern
und Erfahrungen beim Umgang mit Verlängerungs- und Transportnägeln
darstellen. Hierzu wird zunächst die präoperative Planung inkl.
Patientenselektion, Vorstellung interner Verlängerungs- und Transportsysteme
und der wichtigsten Faktoren für die OP-Vorbereitung erläutert. Im Anschluss
werden intraoperative Besonderheiten bei der Implantation motorisierter
Marknägel sowie bei möglichen Folgeeingriffen dargestellt und das
postoperative Prozedere mit konkreten Empfehlungen zur Transport- und
Konsolidierungsphase beschrieben. Abschließend werden die Erfahrungen durch
4 Anwendungsbeispiele veranschaulicht. Der Einsatz interner, motorisierter
Implantate stellt den derzeit letzten Schritt in der Behandlung komplexer
Extremitätenverletzungen dar. Sie verbessern die Lebensqualität betroffener
Patienten und ihre Anwendung wird seitens der Autoren befürwortet. Doch
erfordern diese neuen Implantate ein hohes Maß an Expertise und eine
Anpassung etablierter Behandlungsstrategien bei diesen ohnehin
anspruchsvollen unfallchirurgischen Krankheitsbildern. Weitere
Untersuchungen mit großen Fallzahlen sollten künftig erhoben und die
Implantatforschung zur Lösung fortbestehender Probleme in der Behandlung
komplexer Extremitätenverletzungen intensiv fortgesetzt werden.
Pädiatrische Atemwegschirurgie: Indikationen und
Techniken
Authors: Schweiger Thomas , Evermann Matthias , Roesner Imme , Denk-Linnert Doris-Maria , Klepetko Walter , Hoetzenecker Konrad 
Published: February 2022

ZusammenfassungIn der pädiatrischen Atemwegschirurgie sind zahlreiche anatomische
Besonderheiten, spezifische Krankheitsbilder sowie spezielle Operationstechniken
zu beachten. Auch an spezialisierten Zentren sind diese Eingriffe bei
pädiatrischen Patienten eher selten. Ätiologisch handelt es sich meist um
erworbene Stenosen als Folge von Frühgeburtlichkeit, Langzeitintubation oder
-tracheotomie, welche typischerweise in Kindern mit zahlreichen Komorbiditäten
auftreten. Kongenitale Fehlbildungen der Atemwege gehen häufig mit weiteren
Malformationen einher, welche die erfolgreiche Behandlung zusätzlich erschweren.
Voraussetzung zur Behandlung dieser Kinder sollte daher ein multidisziplinäres
Team sein. An erfahrenen Zentren mit entsprechender Infrastruktur kann die
chirurgische Behandlung dieser Kinder mit sehr guten Ergebnissen durchgeführt
werden. So wird bei den meisten Patienten nach chirurgischer Behandlung eine
sehr gute Lebensqualität ohne Notwendigkeit einer Langzeittracheostomie
erreicht. Diese Übersichtsarbeit fasst die wichtigsten Indikationen, sowie die
häufigsten Operationstechniken in der pädiatrischen Atemwegschirurgie
zusammen.
De Novo Skull Base Atypical Meningioma: Incidence and Outcome
Authors: James Z. , Makwana M. , Hayhurst C. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Objective Atypical meningiomas are uncommon in skull base practice and present a management challenge. We aimed to review all de novo atypical skull base meningioma cases within a single unit to analyze presentation and outcome.
Methods A retrospective review of all patients undergoing surgery for intracranial meningioma identified consecutive cases of de novo atypical skull base meningioma. Electronic case records were analyzed for patient demographics, tumor location and size, extent of resection, and outcome. Tumor grading is based on the 2016 WHO criteria.
Results Eighteen patients with de novo atypical skull base meningiomas were identified. The most common tumor location was the sphenoid wing in 10 patients (56%). Gross total resection (GTR) was achieved in 13 patients (72%) and subtotal resection (STR) in 5 patients (28%). There was no tumor recurrence recorded in patients who had undergone GTR. Patients with tumors >6 cm were more likely to undergo a STR as opposed to a GTR (p < 0.01). Patients who had undergone a STR were more likely to have postoperative tumor progression and be referred for radiotherapy (p = 0.02 and <0.01, respectively). On multiple regression analysis, tumor size is the only significant factor correlating with overall survival (p = 0.048).
Conclusion The incidence of de novo atypical skull base meningioma is higher in our series than currently published data. Tumor size was a significant indicator for patient outcome and extent of resection. Those undergoing a STR were more likely to have tumor recurrence. Multicenter studies of skull base meningiomas with associated molecular genetics are needed to guide management.
Oral Tegafur-Uracil Combination plus Leucovorin versus Other Fluoropyrimidine Agents in Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Kataria Satya Pal , Nagar Mukesh , Verma Shikha , Purohit Vinay 
Published: February 2022

Background Systemic fluoropyrimidines, both oral and intravenous, are an integral part of colorectal cancer (CRC) management. They can be administered either with curative or palliative intent.
Objectives This article examines the literature to analyze the efficacy and safety of the oral fixed-dose combination of uracil and tegafur (UFT)/leucovorin (LV) compared with other fluoropyrimidine agents, with an intention to implement the findings into the current treatment algorithms for CRC.
Methods An exhaustive systematic literature search was performed for prospective studies using PUBMED, Cochrane Library, and EMBASE database. Studies which met eligibility criteria were shortlisted and grouped into chemotherapy given for curative or palliative intent.
Results Eight trials were shortlisted involving 4,486 patients for the analysis. There was no difference between UFT/LV and other fluoropyrimidines in the primary endpoints—disease-free survival (hazard ratio [HR] 1.01; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.90–.15; p = 0.81) and progression-free survival (HR 0.87; 95% CI 0.66–.66; p = 0.35) for curative and palliative intent CRC patients, respectively. In secondary analyses, there was no significant difference observed between UFT and other fluoropyrimidines in overall survival in CRC patients with curative intent (HR 1.04; 95% CI 0.88–1.23; p = 0.63) and palliative intent (HR 1.02; 95% CI 0.97–1.06; p = 0.42) . In the safety analysis, we found significantly lesser patients on UFT/LV had stomatitis/mucositis (odds ratio [OR] 0.20; 95% CI 0.05–0.85; p = 0.03), fever (OR 0.46; 95% CI 0.29–0.71; p < 0.001), infection (OR 0.42; 95% CI 0.24–0.74; p < 0.01), leukopenia (OR 0.04; 95% CI 0.00–0.95; p = 0.05), febrile neutropenia (OR 0.03; 95% CI 0.00–0.24; p = 0.001), and thrombocytopenia (OR 0.14; 95% CI 0.02–0.79; p = 0.03) compared with other fluoropyrimidines.
Conclusion Oral UFT/LV is equally efficacious to other fluoropyrimidines, especially intravenous 5-fluorouracil, in the management of early as well as advanced CRC patients. Importantly, UFT/LV has a superior safety profile compared with other fluoropyrimidines in terms of both hematological and nonhematological adverse events.
A Comparative Study between the Postoperative Complications of Stripping Esophagectomy and Classic (Orringer's Technique) Esophagectomy
Authors: Ahmadinejad Mojtaba , Hashemi Mozaffar , Tabatabai Abbas 
Published: February 2022

AbstractRecent studies have suggested that morbidity and mortality rate of transhiatal esophagectomy is comparable to that of thoracotomy, calling the need for the modifications in the surgical procedures. Our methodology includes stripping of esophagus by nasogastric tube to reduce the manipulation of thoracic cavity and associated complications. We also present the comparison between the stripping and classic (Orringer's technique) esophagectomy.Patients presenting esophageal carcinoma from 2015 to 2017 were the target of this study. Patients undergoing esophagectomy were randomized to have classic or stripping esophagectomy. Operating time, manipulation time, blood losses during the surgery, duration of hospitalization, volume intake, hypotension time, arrhythmia, and transfusion were the recorded parameters. Complications, such as anastomotic leak, cardiac effects, and morbidity, were also studied. Seventy patients were referred for transhiatal esophagectomy for esophageal carcinoma at the Al Zahra Hospital. Mean ages of patients in the stripping and Orringer group were 64.00 ± 10.57 and 57.42 ± 12.20 years, respectively. Manipulation time, operating time, blood loss during the surgery, and transfusion were statistically significant variables between the two groups. Although volume intake and duration of hospitalization were not significantly different parameters, however, betterment in the outcomes was evident. Substantial decrease in overall complications via stripping method was obtained, hence can be suggested as an effective alternative, to remove the need of thoracotomy, for transhiatal esophagectomy.
Ruptured Left Ovarian Teratoma Presenting as an Irreducible Right Inguinal Hernia
Authors: Mithi Mohamed Taher , Deshpande Swanit Hemant , Mithi Taher Abbas , Deshpande Swarika Hemant 
Published: February 2022

AbstractTeratomas of the ovary rarely present as inguinal hernias. Teratomas most commonly occur in the gonads or along with midline structures. Although the majority are asymptomatic, complications such as spontaneous rupture are known to occur. We present a previously unreported case of a ruptured ovarian teratoma presenting as an irreducible inguinal hernia. The patient underwent an open exploratory laparotomy with left oophorectomy, and the right inguinal hernia was repaired in the same setting with a separate inguinal incision.
Therapeutic Outcomes in High-Grade B-Cell Lymphoma, NOS: Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Karunakaran Parathan , Selvarajan Gangothri , Kalaiyarasi Jayachandran Perumal , Mehra Nikita , Sundersingh Shirley , Dhanushkodi Manikandan , Kesana Sivasree , Kannan Krishnarathinam , Ganesan Trivadi S , Radhakrishnan Venkatraman , Sagar Tenali Gnana 
Published: February 2022

The nomenclature high-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma was repurposed in the World Health Organization (WHO) 2016 update as high-grade B cell lymphoma (HGBL). However, among the HGBL entities HGBL, not otherwise specified (NOS) remains a poorly described entity with a lack of literature regarding its treatment and prognosis.The baseline characteristics, treatment, and outcome of HGBL, NOS cases were analyzed. Thirty HGBL, NOS patients were diagnosed between January 2017 and December 2019. Their median age was 49.3 years, and 30% had advanced IPI. The majority received R-CHOP chemotherapy, while five patients received dose-adjusted R-EPOCH. At a median follow-up of 15 months, nine patients had disease progression or relapse. EFS and OS were 22 months (12.1–31.9 months) and 37 months (29.4–44.0 months) respectively. Only NCCN-IPI ≤ 2 showed significant influence on the outcome. The results were similar to the outcomes previously reported.This study highlights the importance of NCCN-IPI in ascertaining the prognosis of HGBL, NOS. The literature review suggests that more intensive chemotherapy is ideal for HGBL, NOS. However, prospective trials are needed to prove whether the treatment of HGBL, NOS can be tailored based on NCCN-IPI.
Prognostic Factors of Granulosa Cell Tumors: A Retrospective Study in a Tertiary Care Cancer Centre of Eastern India
Authors: Kulkarni Rohini V. , Nayak Bhagyalaxmi , Parija Jita , Mohapatra Janmejaya , Mohapatra Manoranjan , Padhy Ashok 
Published: February 2022

Background and Aims The main objective of this study was to analyze the clinicopathological profile and prognostic factors of granulosa cell tumor (GCT).
Method All the cases of ovarian cancer which were seen at our institute between January 2000 and December 2017 were reviewed. Data were analyzed with failure-free survival (FFS) as the primary end point.
Results GCTs consisted of 2.66% of all ovarian cancers at our institute. The median age was 43 years. Majority of the patients (62.5%) were unstaged. Six patients (25%) had a fertility-preserving procedure. Forty two percent of the patients received adjuvant chemotherapy. Thirty eight percent of the patients developed recurrence. Considering tumor-related prognostic factors, there was a statistically significant decrease in FFS with the presence of hemorrhage (p = < 0.001), larger tumors (p = 0.042), and juvenile variant (p = 0.002). On the contrary, when treatment-related factors were considered, there was no statistically significant improvement in FFS with the performance of lymphadenectomy (p = 0.218), omentectomy (p = 0.453), fertility sparing surgery (p = 0.152), or administration of adjuvant chemotherapy (p = 0.45).
Conclusion Inherent tumor-related biological factors tend to play a more important role compared with treatment-related factors in GCTs. Hence, the traditional practice of performance of extensive staging procedures and routine adjuvant chemotherapy should be reviewed. Fertility-preserving surgery appears safe to be offered in early stages when desired. Although it is common knowledge that GCTs tend to be hemorrhagic tumors, this factor has not been well recognized as a prognostic indicator till date. Our study sheds some light on this aspect. Since these tumors have a tendency toward late recurrences, a long follow-up is prudent.
Use of Triggers on in vitro Fertilization and Evaluation of Risk Factors for Sub-Optimal Maturation Rate
Authors: Matsumoto Larissa , Yamakami Lucas Yugo Shiguerhara , Turco Edson Guimarães Lo , Benetti-Pinto Cristina Laguna , Yela Daniela Angerame 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Objective To compare the oocyte maturation rate in the treatment of in vitro fertilization (IVF) in terms of the use of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), agonist gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and dual trigger and to evaluate the associated risk factors for sub-optimal maturation rates.
Methods A retrospective cohort study with 856 women who underwent IVF. They performed oocyte retrieval and were classified into 3 groups (1 - hCG, 2 - GnRH agonist, 3 - dual trigger). The primary outcome was maturation rate per trigger, and the secondary outcomes were the pregnancy rate per oocyte retrieval and the correlations between low maturation rate as well as the clinical and treatment characteristics of women.
Results The maturation rate was 77% in group 1; 76% in group 2, and 83% in group 3 (p = 0.003). Group 2 showed women with better ovarian reserve, greater number of oocytes collected, and more mature oocytes and embryos compared with the other groups (p < 0.001). The cumulative clinical pregnancy rate was no different between the groups (p = 0.755). Low ovarian reserve and low doses of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) administered during the stimulus were associated with a higher chance of null maturation rate.
Conclusion The oocyte maturation rates and IVF results were similar in all groups. Low ovarian reserve is associated with the worst treatment results.