bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Volatile organic compounds as potential indicators of stress in black soldier fly (Diptera: Stratiomyidae) larvae
Authors: Cattaneo A. , MacInnis A.E. , Meneguz M. , Dabbou S. , Tomberlin J.K. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The industrial production of insects is experiencing significant growth as a sustainable source of proteins and other valuable nutrients for use as feed in the livestock industry. However, information regarding methods for assessing insect welfare in these systems is lacking. Given the diversity of insects produced, it is important to develop specific methods for each insect model for evaluating stress responses. Doing so, while addressing animal welfare concerns could also enhance production. As a pioneering study in this context, we examined volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emissions from black soldier fly larvae after harvest and during a 24-h purge (i.e. evacuating gut content) under light vs no light (Dark) (i.e. stress vs no stress). Three replicates for each treatment were utilized with two trials being completed. At time 0 and 24-h after the purge period, VOCs emissions of the larvae were collected and analyzed with Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Significant differences occurred between treatments (). Despite no statistical significance with indicator species analysis, potential indicator compounds for the light treatment were 2,4-dimethyl-1-heptene, 1-cyclopentyl-ethanone and hexadecane. In contrast, potential indicator compounds from dark treatment were 3,3-dimethyl-octane, dodecane, undecane, 4-methyl-heptane, 4-methyl-decane, 2-amino-2,4,6-cycloheptatrien-1-one and 6-methyl-2-pyridinecarbaldeyde. Some of these compounds are already known as stress indicators in other systems. We conclude that purging in light could be a source of stress for insects. However, future research should investigate the detection of these compounds in association with black soldier fly larvae, to validate their value, precision, and accuracy for monitoring insect production.
Primary Fixation and Cyclic Performance of Posterior Horn Medial Meniscus Root Repair With Knotless Adjustable Suture Anchor–Based Fixation: A Human Biomechanical Evaluation Over 100,000 Loading Cycles
Authors: Bachmaier Samuel , Krych Aaron J. , Smith Patrick A. , Nuelle Clayton W. , Müller Peter E. , Bedi Asheesh , Wijdicks Coen A. 
Published: February 2025

Background: Recent biomechanical evidence for adjustable suture anchor (ASA)–based posterior medial meniscus root (PMMR) fixation has shown promising results compared with conventional transtibial pull-out repair (TPOR). However, ASA fixation has not been evaluated in human tissue to 100,000 cycles. Hypothesis: ASA repair would lead to increased primary fixation strength and less cyclic displacement than conventional TPORs. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: A total of 32 human medial menisci were used, 8 of which were intact specimens and served as native controls. For the others, PMMR tears were created and repaired using 3 different techniques (n = 8 group). Two conventional PMMR repairs were prepared consisting of two No. 2 simple sutures (TSS) and two No. 2 sutures in a Mason-Allen (MA) configuration, all tied over a cortical button. The knotless ASA repair was fixed in MA with repair sutures tensioned at 120 N (MA-120). The repairs’ initial force, stiffness, and relief displacement from the tensioned state toward repair unloading (2 N) were measured after fixation. All repair constructs were loaded for 100,000 cycles, with displacement and stiffness measured, and finally were pulled to failure. Results: The TPORs demonstrated similar primary fixation and cyclic loading behavior except for initial cyclic displacement (cycle 10). The ASA repair provided a higher initial repair load ( P < .001) and stiffness ( P < .001) with relief displacement similar to conventional TPORs. Lower initial cyclic displacement ( P < .011; cycle 10) with overall higher repair stiffness ( P < .011) resulted in significantly lower displacement ( P < .001) throughout testing for ASA repair. Although both TPORs were completely loose after 100,000 cycles, the ASA repair achieved near-native dynamic meniscal stabilization. The TSS repair had lower overall ultimate load ( P < .001) and ultimate stiffness ( P < .023) compared with the ASA repair. All repairs had lower ultimate stiffness and loads than the native meniscus ( P < .001). Conclusion: The ASA repair resulted in improved primary PMMR fixation that was stiffer with less cyclic displacement than conventional TPORs and approached that of the human meniscal function after 100,000 load cycles in a cadaveric model. However, all repair techniques had lower ultimate strength than the native human PMMR. Clinical Relevance: Knotless ASA meniscus root fixation resulted in higher tissue compression and less displacement in a cadaveric model; however, future clinical series with surveillance imaging will define the overall significance of healing rates.
Assessment of the Incidence of Intravenous Cannula-associated Phlebitis Among Neonates in NICU, Nehru Hospital, PGIMER Chandīgarh
Authors: Devi Usha , Agnihotri Meenakshi , Kalyan Geetanjli , Saini Shiv Sajan 
Published: February 2025

Background Neonates have small, fragile veins that are difficult to cannulate. Due to the underdeveloped skin structures and delicate veins, especially in preterm neonates, the risk of complications from venipuncture and intravenous infusions is higher. Inflammation of the vein’s tunica intima is known as phlebitis, and if it is not treated, it can cause an infection and thrombus formation. Early detection and appropriate interventions reduce the occurrence and severity of cannula-related phlebitis. Objective To assess the incidence of peripheral intravenous cannula-associated phlebitis among neonates. Materials and Methods This study was carried out among neonates with peripheral intravenous cannula admitted in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of a tertiary care hospital in North India. The participant information sheet was given to the parents of neonates with a peripheral intravenous cannula, and those who provided written consent were enrolled on the day of cannula insertion using a consecutive sampling technique. A total of 87 neonates were enrolled on the day of intravenous cannula insertion, and the participant’s information sheet was filled by interview method. Data were collected by observation method using the Visual Infusion Phlebitis (VIP) scale for phlebitis and the Premature Infant Pain Scale (PIPS) for pain. Among them, 74 neonates had stage 2 and 3 phlebitis as per the VIP scale. Results The incidence of peripheral intravenous cannula-associated phlebitis was 94.25% among neonates. As per the VIP scale, stage 2 phlebitis developed in more than two-thirds (65.5%) of the neonates, 19.5% had stage 3 phlebitis, and 14.9% developed stage 1 phlebitis. The pain scores were mild (0–6) in 12.2%, moderate (6–12) in 58.1%, and severe (>above 13) in 29.7% of neonates. Conclusion The incidence of peripheral intravenous cannula-associated phlebitis among neonates was high and associated with moderate levels of pain.
Stock Returns and Income Inequality in Emerging Economies: Asymmetric Evidence from BRICS and MIKTA
Authors: Durmaz Nazif , Zheng Jiaxin , Zhou Pingyu 
Published: February 2025

This article explores the nuanced relationship between stock returns and income inequality within the emerging economies of Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa (BRICS) and Mexico, Indonesia, South Korea, Türkiye, and Australia (MIKTA) countries. The study investigates the interactions that potentially influence socioeconomic disparities through market dynamics. Employing a comprehensive panel data analysis, the study utilizes autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) and nonlinear ARDL (NARDL) methods to assess the temporal and cross-sectional impacts of stock market fluctuations on income inequality indices, such as the Gini coefficient. The analysis reveals varied responses to stock returns in relation to income inequality across different countries. By integrating both linear and nonlinear approaches in the analysis of stock returns and income inequality, this article contributes to a more nuanced understanding of economic disparities in emerging economies. It underscores the importance of tailored economic policies to manage the impacts of market dynamics on social equity. JEL Classification D63, G10, O16
Comparison of the efficacy of extracorporeal shock wave therapy and trigger point dry needling in the treatment of Calcaneal Epin- A randomized trial
Authors: Arpacı Muhammed Furkan , Doğru Feyzi , Deniz Mine Arğali , Çiçek İpek Balıkçı , Baykara Rabia Aydoğan , Erdem Cumali , Taş Ferhat , Uzun Gökçe Bağcı , Köse Evren 
Published: February 2025

Background Dry needling (DN) and Extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) are common in calcaneal epin treatment. Objective The aim of the study was to compare the effects of both treatments on proprioception, balance, pain, and functional status. Methods 90 patients which consist of 45 patients as DN + self stretching and 45 patients as ESWT + self stretching. Patients in each group were treated 1 session per week for 4 weeks. Assessments of 15° ankle dorsiflexion and plantar flexion proprioception, one leg standing test (OLST), foot function index (FFI), visual analog scale (VAS) (first step, resting, activity), quality of life scale (SF-36) were performed. The outcomes were recorded at pre-treatment, post-treatment, and 4 weeks after the post-treatment. Results Statistically significant differences were determined in VAS (resting, first step, activity) and FFI values in both treatment methods (p < 0.05). In OLST, SF-36, and FFI evaluations, DN was statistically more effective than the ESWT method (p < 0.001). In the 15° proprioception evaluations, a significant difference was observed in the patient's ankle in both methods, while the DN method is more effective in the indicated stages of evaluation. Conclusions Both methods applied to epin calcanei patients were effective, but the DN method is a more effective treatment method than the ESWT method in terms of balance, proprioception, foot function, and quality of life.
Effects of neural mobilization on respiratory parameters, pain, range of motion, and neck awareness in patients with chronic neck pain: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Tunç Elif , Atıcı Emine 
Published: February 2025

Background Chronic neck pain (CNP) does not have a direct effect on breathing, but movements are restricted due to pain, and kyphotic posture may make movement of the diaphragm difficult. Objective This study aimed to determine the effects of neural mobilization (NM) on respiratory functionss in patients with chronic neck pain. Methods Overall, 26 patients with CNP were randomly assigned to two groups: NM (10 sessions) or control. In these participants, pain intensity was first assessed using a Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Next, the active range of motion (ROM) of the cervical joint was measured. Following this, respiratory function was evaluated using spirometry, which included parameters such as Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 s (FEV1), Forced Vital Capacity (FVC), and the FEV1/FVC ratio. Finally, neck awareness was assessed using the Fremantle Neck Awareness Questionnaire (FreNAQ). Results There was a significant difference in terms of pain intensity (p < 0.05) and range of motion of the neck joint in both groups after treatment (p < 0.05). In addition, there was a significant difference between the two groups in terms of respiratory function tests (p = 0.001) and neck awareness (p = 0.001). Conclusion The results of our study suggest that the use of NM treatment in addition to conventional physiotherapy in patients with chronic neck pain has beneficial effects on respiratory functions, joint range of motion, pain, and neck awareness.
Speech and language therapy plus electroacupuncture or non-invasive brain stimulation for post-stroke aphasia: a systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Lanlan , Lin Bingbing , Huang Yunshi , Wang Mengxue , Ni Jinglei , Song Jian , Huang Jia 
Published: February 2025

Background The combination of speech and language therapy (SLT) with acupuncture, electroacupuncture, and non-invasive brain stimulation is commonly used in clinical practice and scientific research for post-stroke aphasia (PSA). Objective This study assesses the therapeutic effectiveness of SLT-based combination therapies in improving language function in patients with PSA. Methods PubMed, CBM, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wan Fang Data and Chinese Scientific Journals Database (VIP) were searched through 2 December, 2024. This study included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared the influence of SLT-based combination treatments and controls on language function in patients with PSA. The meta-analysis was conducted using random effects NMA. Results A total of 66 studies were included. The NMA assessing the effectiveness of various interventions for improving speech, repetition, and listening comprehension skills following SLT revealed that combined therapies generally outperformed SLT alone. For speaking skills, SLT + Electroacupuncture demonstrated the highest likelihood of improvement (SUCRA = 84.6). For repetition scores, SLT + Electroacupuncture was effective (SUCRA = 92.0). In listening comprehension, SLT + tDCS showed the greatest potential for improvement (SUCRA = 89.8). Conclusions The results revealed that any type of SLT-based combination intervention was more effective than SLT alone. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42022343595.
Endovascular flow diversion reconstruction of petrocervical dissections with the proximal anchoring technique: Experience in 31 consecutive cases
Authors: Campos Jessica K. , Meyer Benjamen M. , Laghari Fahad J. , Zarrin David A. , Khan Muhammad W. , de Beaufort Jonathan Collard , Amin Gizal , Ramesh Ashish , Beaty Narlin B. , Bender Matthew T. , Suzuki Shuichi , Colby Geoffrey P. , Coon Alexander L. 
Published: February 2025

Introduction Flow diverting stents (FDS) are routinely used to reconstruct the arteries of the head and neck. When placed into the mobile cervical internal carotid artery (cICA) segment, the FDS runs the risk of post-procedure stent migration and proximal intimal hyperplasia reaction from physiologic movement of the neck. We report our experience using a novel proximal anchoring technique during endovascular flow reconstruction of complex petrocervical dissections to prevent this potentially deleterious result. Methods We reviewed a prospectively maintained IRB-approved institutional database of the senior authors to identify cases of FDS treatment in the mobile petrocervical segments which had the proximal FDS “anchored” with a nitinol stent. Results The proximal anchoring technique was successfully performed in the mobile cervical segment in a total of 31 cases over the study period. Each case involved a complex ICA dissection with 68% (n = 21) having an accompanying pseudoaneurysm. Fifty-two percent (n = 16) were female. Surpass Streamline and Evolve FDS were utilized in all cases. An average of 2.2 ± 0.1 FDS devices were utilized (range 2-4 FDS), with each case utilizing a laser-cut nitinol carotid stent as the proximal anchor. The average stent diameter was 5.64 ± 0.2 mm (range 4-8 mm) and length of 30.1 ± 1.5 mm (range 20-60 mm). On last follow-up angiography, there were no instances of stent migration or proximal neointimal hyperplasia. Conclusion Utilization of the proximal anchoring technique on FDS constructs in the mobile cICA may provide additional protection from post-procedure stent migration and intimal reaction attributed to patient neck movement resulting in augmentation of successful healing.
Analysis of inflammatory biomarkers IL-6, vascular endothelial growth factor and matrix metalloproteinases-9 expression in endometriosis
Authors: Hua Maofang , Wang Yuan , Yao Jun , Zhu Zhenxuan , Liu Xiaoyun , Meng Fanfei , Yu ShuangHua 
Published: February 2025

Objective: Special attention has been paid to genetic mechanisms that might have a significant impact on the context of the risk of developing endometriosis, in recent years. The study aimed to analyze the expression levels of three inflammatory biomarkers Interleukin-6 (IL-6), vascular endothelial growth factor, and matrix metalloproteinases-9, in the increased incidence of endometriosis. Methods: The material for genetic testing was tissue slices embedded in paraffin blocks from these patients with endometriosis (I–II) ( n = 24), endometriosis (III–IV) ( n = 24), and the control group ( n = 30) in Lianyungang maternal and child health hospital from January 2020 to December 2023. The expression levels of IL-6, vascular endothelial growth factor, and matrix metalloproteinases-9 genes were determined by the real-time polymerase chain reaction technique. Results: The expression levels of IL-6 and vascular endothelial growth factor gene in the peripheral blood and peritoneal fluid of these endometriosis patients were not statistically significant lower than in the control group. Besides, the significant differences were found in IL-6, vascular endothelial growth factor and matrix metalloproteinases-9 between eutopic endometrial tissues of the endometriosis group, compared to the control group; and these increased significantly with the severity of the disease. In addition, there was significant difference in the expression level of matrix metalloproteinases-9 in peripheral blood and peritoneal fluid, and the difference was statistically significant in these patients with stages III–IV, compared with these patients with stages I–II. Among them, the Revised American Society for Reproductive Medicine classification of endometriosis was used in the group of patients with endometriosis. Conclusion: These patients with endometriosis showed the significant differences in matrix metalloproteinases-9 expression in peripheral blood, peritoneal fluid, and eutopic and ectopic endometrial tissues as the condition worsens. The research suggested that the determination of matrix metalloproteinases-9 in peripheral blood has certain value in evaluating the condition of endometriosis, which might play an important role in the pathogenesis of endometriosis and be explored for postoperative recurrence monitoring.
Framework for Adoption of Enabling Technologies for Improved Outcomes in Spine Surgery
Authors: Muthu Sathish , Ramasubramanian Swaminathan , Jeyaraman Madhan , Hartl Roger , Tavakoli Javad , Cho Samuel K , Scaramuzzo Laura , Singh Hardeep , Louie Philip K , Demetriades Andreas K. , Hsieh Patrick C. , Ćorluka Stipe , Wu Yabin , Chen Xiaolong , Le Hai V. , Vadala Gianluca , Hamouda Waeel , Buser Zorica , Wang Jeffrey C , Meisel Hans-Jorg , Yoon Tim , Jain Amit ,   AO Spine Knowledge Forum Degenerative
Published: February 2025

Study Design Narrative Review. Objectives We aim to investigate the integration and impact of enabling technologies, such as augmented reality, virtual reality, mixed reality, navigation, robotics, and artificial intelligence within the domain of spinal surgery. Methods We made a literature review for articles that examined the progression of adoption from initial to subsequent adopters. We also analysed the key determinants that influence adopting these technologies into clinical settings. These include cost-effectiveness, ease of integration, patient acceptance, learning curves, and availability of training resources. Based on the available data a suggestion has been made on the adoption framework for clinical utility. Results These technological advancements have the potential to transform surgical practice, offering improved precision and efficiency. The journey toward widespread adoption presents challenges, which include the financial implications, the necessity for specialized training, and the complexities associated with integration. To navigate these hurdles, the study proposes recommendations aimed at improving cost efficiency, streamlining technology integration, investing in professional development, and nurturing a culture of innovation and research. Conclusions A framework has been established for the evaluation and integration of state-of-the-art technologies in spinal surgery, thereby maximizing their potential impact on surgical outcomes and patient welfare.
Tear Pattern of the Complete Discoid Lateral Meniscus According to Meniscal Morphology
Authors: Kim Ho Yeon , Kim Jong-Min , Lee Bum-Sik , Ryu Jaejung 
Published: February 2025

Background: The pattern and distribution of tears for the complete discoid lateral meniscus (DLM) are not well documented. Purpose: To investigate the prevalence and pattern of tear types for the complete DLM using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and arthroscopic data. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: We reviewed consecutive series of 1219 patients (1406 knees) who underwent arthroscopic knee surgery for any pathology and were diagnosed with DLM between January 1998 and December 2022. After excluding cases with incomplete DLM (774 knees) and previous history of ipsilateral knee surgery (55 knees), a total of 486 patients (577 knees; mean age, 37.4 years; range, 5-76 years) with complete DLM were evaluated. Preoperative MRI and intraoperative arthroscopic findings were analyzed to classify tears into the following: peripheral tear—including bucket-handle tear; horizontal tear; radial tear; flap tear; and no tear. In addition, preoperative MRI was used to categorize 2 distinct morphological variants of complete DLM: (1) a block-shaped type with a thick blunt free edge; and (2) a wedge-shaped type with a tapering sharp free edge. Results: When categorized by meniscal morphology, 435 knees (75.4%) were classified as block-type and 142 knees (24.6%) as wedge-type complete DLM. Peripheral tears (66.7%) were the most prevalent in the block type, followed by horizontal tears (22.5%) and radial tears (0.7%). In the wedge type, horizontal tears (43%) were observed most frequently, followed by radial tears (18.3%), peripheral tears (11.3%), and flap tears (5.6%). Conclusion: A block-shaped morphology was the predominant form of complete DLM in this cohort of operatively treated patients. The wedge-type morphology had a distinctly different tear pattern, with horizontal tears being the most common. While the block type exhibited either a peripheral or horizontal tear, the wedge type was characterized by a greater variation in tear pattern.