bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Epidemiological Profile of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: Single Center Study in Delta Region of Egypt
Authors: El-Refaey Ahmed M , Sobh Neven Nashat , Shahin Dina , Darwish Ahmad 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundJuvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is children's most common autoimmune musculoskeletal disease. The spectrum of patients’ profiles of JIA showed many similarities and differences among different populations.Aim of the workThe purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence, subtypes, distribution, and characteristic features of JIA among children in Rheumatology outpatient clinic at Mansoura University Children's Hospital (MUCH).Patients and methodsThe study was a cross-sectional observational study carried out in the rheumatology outpatient clinic in Mansoura University children’s Hospital, on 73 patients diagnosed with JIA according to the International League of Associations for Rheumatology (ILAR) from April 2019 to April 2020.ResultsThere was a statistically significant difference between JIA types as regard age of patients, age of onset of disease, duration of the disease affected at the time of diagnosis, fever, rash, and organomegaly with the highest value in psoriatic type. There was a statistically significant difference in methotrexate (MTX), Humera, Enbrel, and Leflunomaide usage between JIA subtypes. The severity of the disease was correlated significantly with laboratory parameters including the erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C reactive protein, and platelets count. MTX, Pulse steroid, Actemra, and Lefluonamide usage differed significantly according to the severity of the disease while Humera, Endoxan, Enbrel, and NSIAD showed no significant difference.ConclusionThe types of JIA differ significantly from each other as regards fever, rash, and organomegaly with an increase in systemic onset rather than other types. While ophthalmic affection shows no significant difference between JIA subtypes. A low percentage of cases had uveitis indicating low severity of disease in the studied cases. Biological treatment was given to severe and resistant cases when indicated.
Production of Ni0.5Co0.5Fe2O4/Activated Carbon@Chitosan Magnetic Nanobiocomposite as a Novel Adsorbent of Methylene Blue in Aqueous Solutions
Authors: Dastoom Zakaria 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Dyes are carcinogenic and mutagenic molecules that are used in various industries. Disposal of dyes into water sources can lead to the death of organisms. Methylene blue is a cationic toxic dye due to the presence of aromatic rings in its structure and cannot be degraded through natural methods. Therefore, chemical, physical, and biological water treatment methods have been proposed for the elimination of toxic dyes. Adsorption is one of the most appropriate methods in this regard because of its cost-effectiveness and high efficiency. In this study, we synthesized a magnetic nanobiocomposite of ferrite nickel-cobalt/activated carbon@chitosan as an adsorbent. VSM, BET, FESEM, XRD, and FT-IR analyses were performed to evaluate the properties of this nanomaterial including crystallinity, nanostructure, reactions correctness, and magnetism of the compound. We tested the adsorption of methylene blue by the nanobiocomposite through UV-Vis. The results of the analyses and the adsorption test were used to evaluate the efficiency of nanocompound adsorption. This study can pave the way for a wide range of other projects such as changes in reactants and their ratio or change in reaction conditions.
Atrial Myxoma Embolization of the Basilar Artery Presenting with a Convulsive Seizure
Authors: Xu Yaning , Jiang Jiaojin , Zhang Meng 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Atrial myxoma is a rare cause of acute ischemic stroke. A small number of patients with basilar artery occlusion (BAO) present with convulsive seizures. We have herein presented a case of atrial myxoma embolization of the basilar artery, resulting in convulsions as the initial symptom. This patient was treated with atrial myxoma resection following endovascular treatment with a favorable outcome. This case illustrates the importance of timely diagnosis of BAO with atypical symptoms. Endovascular treatment for distal moderate vascular occlusion in posterior circulation is feasible, and atrial myxoma should be resected as soon as possible to prevent further embolic complications.
Quality of life and nutritional status in peritoneal dialysis patients: a cross-sectional study from Palestine
Authors: Ali Iyad , Haddad Dania , Soliman Mostafa A , Al-Sabi Ahmed , Jebreen Kamel , Abuzahra Dana , Shrara Bakrieh , Ghanayem Diana , Natour Nihal , Hassan Mohanad , Alsedfy M. Yasser , Nawajah Inad , Shellah Duha 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
End-stage renal disease (ESRD) is a growing cause of morbidity worldwide. Protein malnutrition is common among patients with ESRD. Peritoneal dialysis (PD) offers greater lifestyle flexibility and independence compared to the widely used treatments for ESRD. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the nutritional status and the quality of life (QOL) along with the factors influencing these two outcomes among Palestinian patients undergoing PD.
Methods
We performed a cross-sectional study on patients receiving PD at Najah Hospital University, Palestine. Malnutrition was assessed by the malnutrition-inflammation scale (MIS) and the QOL score was evaluated by using the Dutch WHOQOL-OLD module.
Results
A total of 74 patients on PD were included with the mean age of participants was 50.5 ± 16.38, more than half of them were females. We observed a significant association between the MIS and the WHOQOL-OLD scores (p < 0.001). Malnutrition was associated with a lower QOL score among patients receiving PD. Younger age group and those with an occupation had better chances of a good QOL (p = 0.01). Patients with pitting edema and diabetes had higher risk of a lower QOL (p < 0.001).
Conclusions
Elderly patients, patients showing signs of pitting edema, and those suffering from diabetes should be carefully considered due to their higher risk of malnutrition and low QOL.
Outcomes and Cost Analysis of Patients with Dementia in the Intensive Care Unit: A Population-based Cohort Study
Authors: Dziegielewski Claudia , Fernando Shannon M. , Milani Christina , Mahdavi Roshanak , Talarico Robert , Thompson Laura H. , Tanuseputro Peter , Kyeremanteng Kwadwo 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: Dementia is a neurological syndrome affecting the growing elderly population. While patients with dementia are known to require significant hospital resources, little is known regarding the outcomes and costs of patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) with dementia.
Methods: We conducted a population-based retrospective cohort study of patients with dementia admitted to the ICU in Ontario, Canada from 2016-2019. We compared the characteristics and outcomes of these patients to those with dementia admitted to non-ICU hospital settings. The primary outcome was hospital mortality but we also assessed length of stay (LOS), discharge disposition, and costs.
Results: Among 114,844 patients with dementia, 11,341 (9.9%) were admitted to the ICU. ICU patients were younger, more comorbid, and had less cognitive impairment (81.8 years, 22.8% had ≥3 comorbidities, 47.5% with moderate-severe dementia), compared to those in non-ICU settings (84.2 years, 15.0% had ≥3 comorbidities, 54.1% with moderate-severe dementia). Total mean LOS for patients in the ICU group was nearly 20 days, compared to nearly 14 days for the acute care group. Mortality in hospital was nearly three-fold greater in the ICU group compared to non-ICU group (22.2% vs. 8.8%). Total healthcare costs were increased for patients admitted to ICU vs. those in the non-ICU group ($67,201 vs. $54,080).
Conclusions: Patients with dementia admitted to the ICU have longer length of stay, higher in-hospital mortality, and higher total healthcare costs. Future studies should investigate preventable costs and while optimizing quality of life in this high risk and vulnerable population.
Characteristics of Talaromyces marneffei infection associated with inborn errors of immunity
Authors: Xing Shubin , Zhang Zhenzhen , Liu Cong , Zhang Wenjing , Zhang Zhiyong , Tang Xuemei , Chen Yongwen , Zhao Xiaodong , An Yunfei 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackground:Talaromycosis is a systemic disease caused byTalaromycesmarneffei. To capture the characteristics of talaromycosis patients with inborn errors of immunity (IEI) prompts us to develop a systematic review.Objective:To systematically review studies reporting cases of talaromycosis with IEI. We aimed to describe the susceptibility genotypes and clinical characteristics of talaromycosis in IEI patients and understand the underling mechanism ofTalaromyces marneffeidefence.Methods:A systematic literature review was performed by searching PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science, EMBASE, and Scopus. Data from patients with genetic diagnosis of IEI with talaromycosis, IEI genotypes, immunology, and clinical characteristics were collected.Results:Fifty talaromycosis patients with IEI were included: XHIM (30.00%), STAT3-LOF (20.00%), STAT1-GOF (20.00%), IL2RG (6.00%), IFNGR1 (6.00%), IL12RB1 (4.00%), CARD9 (4.00%), COPA (4.00%), ADA (2.00%), RELB deficiency (2.00%), and NFKB2 (2.00%) were the underlying genetic mutations. mNGS was a rapid and effective diagnostic method. The onset of clinical manifestations included atypical presentations, generally with fever, cough, lymphadenopathy, abdominal discomfort, and pneumonia. Respiratory, skin, lymph node, digestive, and hematologic systems were commonly involved. Variable lung CT findings were commonly misdiagnosed as tuberculosis. Forty-seven patients received antifungal therapy, and 34 patients improved.Conclusions:TheXHIM, STAT1-GOF, and STAT3-LOF genotypes exhibited the highest susceptibility to talaromycosis. Pathogen infection should be tested by mNGS in IEI patients with suspected talaromycosis, and antifungal therapy should be rapidly initiated. Immunological and genetic diagnoses are necessary for non-HIV patients with talaromycosis in children.
Recovery from (treatment-resistant) depression after lifestyle changes and micronutrient precision supplementation: a preliminary field study in patients
Authors: Mader Isabella M. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background and purpose: The incidence of depression is increasing, despite continued advances in psychological and pharmacological interventions. New treatment approaches are urgently needed. Here we assess the effects on depression of individualized micronutrient supplementation, in concert with a standard set of lifestyle changes.
Methods: We conducted a small field-study with 17 participants in Austria. Patients with depression (n = 11) and healthy volunteers (n = 6) underwent laboratory serum analysis and filled out the DASS-21 and a questionnaire about their medical history and condition. The list of parameters to be tested in the serum analysis was derived from an expert heuristic compilation of factors known to influence depression, narrowed down to a workable list to be tested in this initial study. On the basis of the results, the participants (n = 17) received individualized recommendations for micronutrient supplementation, in collaboration with their treating physician. Participants followed the individual supplementation regime for two months, along with a standard set of lifestyle changes. After two months the laboratory serum analyses, the DASS-21, and the questionnaire were repeated.
Results: All patients with micronutrient deficiencies were in the patient group; none of the healthy volunteers showed any micronutrient deficiencies. After two months of precision supplementation and lifestyle changes, all but one patient had recovered from their depression or had considerably improved. The one patient who didn’t recover was the only one with a known trigger of their depression (trauma). Of 11 patients with depression, the trigger was unknown for the other ten.
Conclusions: These results have promising implications for further research, treatment, drug development, and public health. We propose that systematic screening of patients with symptoms of depression be developed for future research, medical care, and practice. Psychiatry and psychotherapy may see improved results once they no longer have to push against the underlying constraints of existing micronutrient deficiencies.
Transition in the Ages at Key Reproductive Events and its determinants in India: Evidence from NFHS 1992-93 to 2019-21
Authors: Singh Mayank , Shekhar Chander , Gupta Jagriti 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Reproductive health events have changed fertility and family planning needs, depicting the changing life patterns of women and the population to which they belong. Understanding the pattern at which these events occur helps in understanding the fertility pattern, family formation and the idea about health essential needs for women. This paper attempts to see the variation in reproductive events (first cohabitation, first sex and first birth) over three decades and also to see potential contributing factors among the reproductive age group of women using secondary data from five rounds of the National Family Health Survey (1992-93 to 2020–2021). Cox Proportional Hazard Model illustrates that all regions have initiated cohabitation later than women who belong to the east region similar pattern has been obtained for first sex and first birth. Multiple Classification Analysis (MCA) depicts the increasing pattern in the predicted mean age at first cohabitation, sex and birth for all demographic characteristics; the highest increment was found in SC women, Uneducated women and Muslim women. Kaplan Meier Curve demonstrates that women with no education, primary or secondary, are shifting towards higher educated women. Though reproductive health has long been an essential event in women's lives, they are still very confined to specific domains. Over time the government has formulated several proper legislative measures relating to various domains of reproductive events. However, given that the large size and heterogeneity in social and cultural norms result in changing ideas and choices regarding the initiation of reproductive events, national policy formulation needs to be improved or amended.
Clinical and functional characteristics of at-risk mental state among non-help seeking adolescents: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Švancer Patrik , Dorazilová Aneta , Voráčková Veronika , Knytl Pavel , Rodriguez Mabel , Jonáš Juraj , Sebela Antonin , Mohr Pavel 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background At-risk mental state (ARMS) individuals are at high risk to develop psychosis. In addition to attenuated symptoms, ARMS is associated with cognitive and functional impairment.
Aim Our study goal was to explore prevalence rates of ARMS, comorbidities, functioning, and cognitive performance among non-help seeking adolescents.
Methods In a cross-sectional design, a sample of high school students were examined with Comprehensive Assessment of At Risk Mental States interview. All participants were administered Kiddie-Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia, Social and Occupational Functioning Assessment Scale (SOFAS), KIDSCREEN-52, and a battery of cognitive tests.
Results The total of 82 adolescents was enrolled, 21 of them met the ARMS criteria. Subthreshold mental disorders were more frequent in the at-risk mental state positive (ARMS+) group than in the at-risk mental state negative (ARMS-) group. Lower score in (SOFAS) were observed in the ARMS+ group compared to the ARMS- group. In the total sample, high risk symptoms intensity was negatively associated with the SOFAS score. No significant differences in the KIDSCREEN-52 scores or cognitive functioning were found between the groups.
Conclusion Our findings suggest that non-help seeking adolescents with at-risk mental state have worse level of functioning compared to controls and higher rates of non-psychotic psychiatric comorbidities. In the management of ARMS individuals, the guidelines recommend non-pharmacological interventions as the first-line option, pharmacotherapy with antipsychotics is reserved for non-responders, more severe, or progressive high-risk symptoms.
BTK is a Prognostic Biomarker for Multiple Human Tumors
Authors: Yang Tao , Hao Lizheng , Chen Jian , Zhu Xueying , Sun Keyi , Wang Peipei , Lei Ji , Yang Xinyu , Li Guoping , Jiang Min 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK), a key B-cell and macrophage kinase, plays a pivotal role in oncogenic pathways in many B-cell malignancies. BTK inhibitors have shown promising anti-tumor activity, first in B-cell malignancies and subsequently in other tumors. However, the prognostic role of BTK in human tumors remains largely unexplored. In this study, we aim to explore the prognostic value of BTK expression in 33 human tumors using pan-cancer analyses. Survival analyses, including Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox analysis, were performed to explore the prognostic value of BTK for pan-cancer based on survival data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Spearman’s correlation analysis was conducted to determine the interrelations between BTK and tumor mutational burden (TMB) and between BTK and microsatellite instability (MSI). The Estimation of Stromal and Immune cells in Malignant Tumor tissues using the Expression data (ESTIMATE) algorithm was used to explore the association of BTK with the tumor microenvironment and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) was used to examine the underlying mechanisms of BTK’s role in multiple tumors. BTK expression is closely associated with the prognosis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC), brain lower grade glioma (LGG), skin cutaneous melanoma (SKCM), and lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). BTK expression was correlated with clinical stage, TMB, and MSI in 10 types of tumors. In HNSC, LGG, LUAD, and SKCM, BTK expression was positively correlated with immune and stromal scores. BTK is a prognostic biomarker in multiple tumors, especially in HNSC, LGG, LUAD, and SKCM, and this is closely associated with tumor microenvironment remodeling.
Statistical Methods for Process Parameter Optimization of Additively Manufactured AlSi10Mg components
Authors: Krasniqi Mergim , Löffler Frank 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Demand in industry for lightweight metallic parts with individual component geometries and optimum material properties has prompted the rise of additive manufacturing (AM). AM focuses on laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF); here, the layered architecture allows complex component structures to be created, making it particularly suited to single-batch or small-batch production.
In this study, links between process parameters in L-PBF and material properties are investigated using statistical methods, followed by an optimization using AlSi10Mg as an example.
The results show that the mechanical properties of AlSi10Mg components could be tailored through process parameter optimization and post-processing such as stress relief heat treatment. Statistical methods are used to show how target values such as density, hardness, etc. can be individually optimized or how a component can be optimized with regard to all target values, which is an important step in the customer and application-specific manufacturing of L-PBF components.
The significance and novelty of this research work results from a large-scale central composite design (CCD) with a total of 96 test specimens (40 density cubes, 56 tensile specimens) to determine optimal process parameters for the examined target variables, such as density (up to 100 %), hardness (up to 158.7 HV 1), roughness (approx. Ra = 2 µm), tensile strength (up to 465.6 MPa) and elongation at break (up to 18.0 %).
Due to the use of a CCD as the basis for the parametric study, the results of the study have general validity for AlSi10Mg components manufactured by L-PBF for standard machine settings; thus, the findings can be applied to other systems and are not restricted to the L-PBF system presented in this work.
Significance of Computed Tomography combined with Postural Stimulation Test in Predicting Laterality of Primary Aldosteronism
Authors: Wu Yingxing , Wu Zuxiang , Hu Huan , Rao Jingan , Hu Chenkai , Peng Qiang , Li Ping 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Backgrounds
Adrenal venous sampling (AVS) represents the gold standard for classifying primary aldosteronism (PA). However, AVS is a technically demanding, expensive and invasive procedure. Computed tomography (CT) scans is recommended as the initial study of classification diagnosis by the current guidelines. In addition, postural stimulation test (PST) has been used to provide additional subtype diagnostic information.
Objective
This work aimed to evaluate the diagnostic utility of the adrenal CT combined with PST in the classification diagnosis of PA.
Methods
We analyzed PA patients who underwent AVS from November 2017 to February 2022 at a single center. Subtype classification of PA was determined by AVS. We analyze the concordance rate between AVS outcomes, adrenal CT, and PST, and explore the value of adrenal CT combined with PST for predicting laterality of PA.
Results
Total 531 PA patients were included the present study. The concordance rate between AVS and the adrenal CT was 51.0%(271/531). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of PST showed that the area under curve (AUC) was 0.604 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.556, 0.652], the optimal cut-off value was 30%. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), positive likelihood ratio (+ LR), and negative likelihood ratio (-LR) of PST for diagnosis bilateral PA on AVS was 72.8%, 46.2%, 0.48, 0.71, 1.35, and 0.59, respectively. The prevalence of unilateral PA on AVS in patients with unilateral lesion on CT and negative PST, unilateral lesion on CT and positive PST, bilateral normal or lesions on CT and negative PST, and bilateral normal or lesions on CT and positive PST was 82.4% (108/131), 59.9% (91/152), 50.7% (37/73), and 44.6% (78/175), respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, +LR, and -LR of adrenal CT combined with PST for the diagnosis of unilateral PA were 34.4%, 89.4%, 0.82, 0.49, 3.25, and 0.73, respectively.
Conclusions
The combination of CT findings and PST can improve the accuracy of predicting laterality of PA.