bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wireless IoT universal approach based on Allan variance method for detection of artificial vibration signatures of a DC motor's shaft and reconstruction of the reference signal
Authors: Hayouni Mohamed , Vuong Tan‐Hoa , Choubani Fethi 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn this paper, a workbench for remote control of DC motors is proposed. We intend to monitor and control rotating machines. Artificial failures are simulated by injecting different signals into the rotating motor's shaft. A comprehensive, original, and novel approach combining mathematical models, physical phenomena, and smart measurement methods is proposed to eliminate fluctuation faults caused by IoT sensor systems. These consist of a whole set of sensors (Accelerometer in Micro Electro Mechanical Systems [MEMS] technology, etc.) linked to a wireless node which constitutes a monitoring and control generic system of a DC motor running locally or via a remote control through an Internet platform. A reliability test of the IoT sensor system and an exploration of a proposed experimental bench in two measurement environments are successfully achieved. The results prove the reliability of devices for possible detection of acceleration signals corresponding to different speeds and injected vibrations with different forms and frequencies. A universal new approach, based on the Allan VARiance method, that has been proven robust when various disturbing signals are combined, has been successfully implemented to identify artificial vibration signatures. A reconstruction of MEMS sensor outputs using genetic algorithms is successfully fulfilled to get a compromise between the time of data acquisition and the time of processing via a learning phase of our system by means of a pseudo calibration of each motor applying our pseudo real‐time control system. After the calibration phase, our control system aims to space out the measurements without degrading the effectiveness of the monitoring process.
Substructure in the stellar halo near the Sun
Authors: Lövdal S. S. , Ruiz-Lara T. , Koppelman H. H. , Matsuno T. , Dodd E. , Helmi A. 
Published: May 2022

Context.Merger debris is expected to populate the stellar haloes of galaxies. In the case of the Milky Way, this debris should be apparent as clumps in a space defined by the orbital integrals of motion of the stars.Aims.Our aim is to develop a data-driven and statistics-based method for finding these clumps in integrals-of-motion space for nearby halo stars and to evaluate their significance robustly.Methods.We used data fromGaiaEDR3, extended with radial velocities from ground-based spectroscopic surveys, to construct a sample of halo stars within 2.5 kpc from the Sun. We applied a hierarchical clustering method that makes exhaustive use of the single linkage algorithm in three-dimensional space defined by the commonly used integrals of motion energyE, together with two components of the angular momentum,LzandL⊥. To evaluate the statistical significance of the clusters, we compared the density within an ellipsoidal region centred on the cluster to that of random sets with similar global dynamical properties. By selecting the signal at the location of their maximum statistical significance in the hierarchical tree, we extracted a set of significant unique clusters. By describing these clusters with ellipsoids, we estimated the proximity of a star to the cluster centre using the Mahalanobis distance. Additionally, we applied the HDBSCAN clustering algorithm in velocity space to each cluster to extract subgroups representing debris with different orbital phases.Results.Our procedure identifies 67 highly significant clusters (> 3σ), containing 12% of the sources in our halo set, and 232 subgroups or individual streams in velocity space. In total, 13.8% of the stars in our data set can be confidently associated with a significant cluster based on their Mahalanobis distance. Inspection of the hierarchical tree describing our data set reveals a complex web of relations between the significant clusters, suggesting that they can be tentatively grouped into at least six main large structures, many of which can be associated with previously identified halo substructures, and a number of independent substructures. This preliminary conclusion is further explored in a companion paper, in which we also characterise the substructures in terms of their stellar populations.Conclusions.Our method allows us to systematically detect kinematic substructures in the Galactic stellar halo with a data-driven and interpretable algorithm. The list of the clusters and the associated star catalogue are provided in two tables available at the CDS.
Near-infrared and optical emission of WASP-5 b
Authors: Kovacs G. , Dékány I. , Karamiqucham B. , Chen G. , Zhou G. , Rabus M. , Kovács T. 
Published: May 2022

Context. Thermal emission from extrasolar planets makes it possible to study important physical processes in their atmospheres and derive more precise orbital elements.
Aims. By using new near-infrared (NIR) and optical data, we examine how these data constrain the orbital eccentricity and the thermal properties of the planet atmosphere.
Methods. The full light curves acquired by the TESS satellite from two sectors are used to put an upper limit on the amplitude of the phase variation of the planet and estimate the occultation depth. Two previously published observations and one followup observation (published herein) in the 2MASS K (Ks) band are employed to derive a more precise occultation light curve in this NIR waveband.
Results. The merged occultation light curve in the Ks band comprises 4515 data points. The data confirm the results of the earlier eccentricity estimates, suggesting a circular orbit of: e = 0.005 ± 0.015. The high value of the flux depression of (2.70 ± 0.14) ppt in the Ks band excludes simple black body emission at the 10σ level and also disagrees with current atmospheric models at the (4–7)σ level. From analysis of the TESS data, in the visual band we find tentative evidence for a near-noise-level detection of the secondary eclipse, and place constraints on the associated amplitude of the phase variation of the planet. A formal box fit yields an occultation depth of (0.157 ± 0.056) ppt. This implies a relatively high geometric albedo of Ag = 0.43 ± 0.15 for fully efficient atmospheric circulation and Ag = 0.29 ± 0.15 for no circulation at all. No preference can be seen for either the oxygen-enhanced or the carbon-enhanced atmosphere models.
Intra-pulse variability induced by plasmoid formation in pulsar magnetospheres
Authors: Andaç I. C. , Cerutti B. , Dubus G. , Ekşi K. Y. 
Published: May 2022

Context. Pulsars show irregularities in their pulsed radio emission that originate from propagation effects and the intrinsic activity of the source.
Aims. In this work, we investigate the role played by magnetic reconnection and the formation of plasmoids in the pulsar wind current sheet as a possible source of intrinsic pulse-to-pulse variability in the incoherent, high-energy emission pattern.
Methods. We used a two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulation of an orthogonal pulsar magnetosphere restricted to the plane perpendicular to the star spin axis. We evolved the solution for several tens of pulsar periods to gather a statistically significant sample of synthetic pulse profiles.
Results. The formation of plasmoids leads to strong pulse-to-pulse variability in the form of multiple short, bright subpulses, which appear only on the leading edge of each main pulse. These secondary peaks of emission are dominated by the dozen plasmoids that can grow up to macroscopic scales. They emerge from the high end of the hierarchical merging process occurring along the wind current layer. The flux of the subpulses is correlated with their width in phase. Although the full-scale separation is not realistic, we argue that the simulation correctly captures the demographics and the properties of the largest plasmoids, and therefore of the brightest subpulses.
Conclusions. The prediction of subpulses at specific pulse phases provides a new observational test of the magnetic reconnection scenario as the origin of the pulsed incoherent emission. High-time-resolution observations of the Crab pulsar in the optical range may be the most promising source to target for this purpose.
Superconducting Li10Se electride under pressure
Authors: Zhang Xiaohua , Zhao Yaping , Bergara Aitor , Yang Guochun 
Published: May 2022

Achieving a compound with interesting multiple coexisting states, such as electride, metallicity, and superconductivity, is of great interest in basic research and practical application. Pressure has become an effective way to realize high-temperature superconductivity in hydrides, whereas most electrides are semiconducting or insulating at high pressure. Here, we have applied swarm-intelligence structural search to identify a hitherto unknown C2/m Li10Se electride that is superconducting at high pressure. More interestingly, Li10Se is estimated to exhibit the highest Tc value of 16 K at 50 GPa, which is the lowest pressure among Li-based chalcogen electrides. This superconducting transition is dominated by Se-related low frequency vibration modes. The increasing electronic occupation of the Se 4d orbital and the decreasing amount of interstitial anion electrons with pressure heighten their coupling with low-frequency phonons, which is responsible for the enhancement of the Tc value. The finding of Li-based chalcogen superconducting electrides provides a reference for the realization of other superconducting electrides at lower pressures.
Computing x-ray absorption spectra from linear-response particles atop optimized holes
Authors: Hait Diptarka , Oosterbaan Katherine J. , Carter-Fenk Kevin , Head-Gordon Martin 
Published: May 2022

State specific orbital optimized density functional theory (OO-DFT) methods, such as restricted open-shell Kohn–Sham (ROKS), can attain semiquantitative accuracy for predicting x-ray absorption spectra of closed-shell molecules. OO-DFT methods, however, require that each state be individually optimized. In this Communication, we present an approach to generate an approximate core-excited state density for use with the ROKS energy ansatz, which is capable of giving reasonable accuracy without requiring state-specific optimization. This is achieved by fully optimizing the core-hole through the core-ionized state, followed by the use of electron-addition configuration interaction singles to obtain the particle level. This hybrid approach can be viewed as a DFT generalization of the static-exchange (STEX) method and can attain ∼0.6 eV rms error for the K-edges of C–F through the use of local functionals, such as PBE and OLYP. This ROKS(STEX) approach can also be used to identify important transitions for full OO ROKS treatment and can thus help reduce the computational cost of obtaining OO-DFT quality spectra. ROKS(STEX), therefore, appears to be a useful technique for the efficient prediction of x-ray absorption spectra.
Highly active CAR T cells that bind to a juxtamembrane region of mesothelin and are not blocked by shed mesothelin
Authors: Liu Xiufen , Onda Masanori , Watson Nathan , Hassan Raffit , Ho Mitchell , Bera Tapan K. , Wei Junxia , Chakraborty Anirban , Beers Richard , Zhou Qi , Shajahan Asif , Azadi Parastoo , Zhan Jingyu , Xia Di , Pastan Ira 
Published: May 2022

Significance
Mesothelin (MSLN) is a cell-surface protein that is a popular target for antibody-based therapies. We have identified shed MSLN as a major obstacle to successful antibody therapies and prepared a monoclonal antibody that inhibits shedding and makes very active CAR T cells whose activity is not blocked by shed MSLN and merits further preclinical development.
上古漢語「且」的來源及發展
Authors: Yew Boon Hock 
Published: May 2022

抽象的
本文從字詞對應關係切入，探討上古漢語遞進標記「且」與未來時標記「且」之關係，提出二者屬於同音同形字，來源並不相同。前者源自「」的篇章指示用法，而後者則由表前往之動詞「徂」虛化而成。遞進標記「且」其基本功能為註記「與此同時還有另一需要注意的事況」，後來又發展出註記「超乎預期」的轉折標記與註記「說話人還要提供更多、更進一步訊息」的追加標記。未來時標記「且」其基本功能是註記「行為或事況發生在參照點之後」，後來又發展出註記「選擇關係」的選擇標記。二者循著各自的演變路徑發展。
語義有定還是語用有定
Authors: Zhang Qingwen , Jin Jia 
Published: May 2022

抽象的本文以澄海話的量名短語為研究對象，考察了澄海話量名短語的句法位置及其語義解讀之間的關係。調查發現，主語位置上的量名短語通常是有定的，賓語位置上的量名短語通常是無定的，但如果量名短語是控制句中的賓語控制語，或者量名短語是受損或受惠題元角色時，可以有無定、有定兩種解讀。我們認為，量名短語有定、無定兩種解讀情況的出現，是句法條件與語境因素共同作用的結果。句法上來說，量名短語都是中心語D為空的DP短語，無定量名短語的D由存在量詞為其賦值，而有定量名短語的空D由DisP中的先行詞為其賦值，量名短語的有定解讀應該看作是語用有定。
Psychologizing childhood in the reality show Biggest Loser
Authors: Kilger Magnus 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Obesity and overweight are central issues in contemporary western societies, and the public debates in media are
extensive. This paper investigates stories from participants in the reality TV-show Biggest Loser, and how the participants invoke
temporal identity changes and childhood traumas to produce discursively accepted narratives about the causes for being obese. This
study analyses personal stories about being overweight, and narratives of living a life of obesity. The findings illustrate
narrative trajectories in personal stories used to explain overweight within a contemporary therapeutic discourse, and how the
participants use chronology and childhood as narrative resources to explain their obesity. These narratives do not only produce
preferred explanatory narrative elements, but also highlight that a number of psychologized explanatory storylines must be used in
order to produce a culturally valid and discursively accepted personal obesity-narrative.
Expansion of a one-dimensional Bose gas: the role of interactions and kinetic-energy driving
Authors: B Molinero E , Creffield C E , Sols F 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
We study the expansion of a one-dimensional boson gas by initialising it in a small region of a chain, and then suddenly allowing it to expand into the remainder of the chain. We consider three initial ground-state configurations: the Mott insulator, the conventional superfluid, whose momentum density is sharply peaked at zero momentum, and the cat-like state with momentum peaks at ±π/2, produced by kinetic driving, the latter being a particular case of a flat-band system. In turn, we consider three types of expansion: spectroscopic (with interactions tuned to zero), dynamic (with standard short-range repulsive interactions), and under kinetic driving. The numerical calculations are exact. We compute the momentum and real-space one-particle densities, as well as the two-particle momentum correlations. We find that the spectroscopic time-of-flight experiment reflects the initial momentum distribution except for the larger number of momentum states and at high momenta. For the dynamic expansion starting from an insulator, we recover the non-equilibrium quasi-condensation into momenta ±π/2, provide a physical explanation in terms of interacting bosons that is confirmed by the numerical simulation, and note the existence of nontrivial correlations in the momentum distribution. Under kinetic driving the expansion is comparatively slow, but we conjecture that at high densities it will be much faster. We compare various measures of the two-particle momentum correlations, noting that some of them tend to conceal the possible cat-like structure of a many-body state.
Branching structure of genealogies in spatially growing populations and its implications for population genetics inference
Authors: Eghdami Armin , Paulose Jayson , Fusco Diana 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Spatial models where growth is limited to the population edge have been instrumental to understanding the population dynamics and the clone size distribution in growing cellular populations, such as microbial colonies and avascular tumours. A complete characterization of the coalescence process generated by spatial growth is still lacking, limiting our ability to apply classic population genetics inference to spatially growing populations. Here, we start filling this gap by investigating the statistical properties of the cell lineages generated by the two dimensional Eden model, leveraging their physical analogy with directed polymers. Our analysis provides quantitative estimates for population measurements that can easily be assessed via sequencing, such as the average number of segregating sites and the clone size distribution of a subsample of the population. Our results not only reveal remarkable features of the genealogies generated during growth, but also highlight new properties that can be misinterpreted as signs of selection if non-spatial models are inappropriately applied.
Observation of Stark splitting in micro upconversion photoluminescence spectra of polycrystalline Ln3+ doped Y2O3 microspheres
Authors: Jayswal Shefali , Ningthoujam Raghumani Singh , Moirangthem Rakesh S 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In this study, Yb3+-Er3+-Tm3+ doped Y2O3 microspheres were synthesized using the solvothermal method. Structural, morphological, and elemental analysis was done using XRD, FESEM, and EDX characterization techniques. The optical properties of the samples were determined using UV–Vis-NIR spectroscopy and upconversion photoluminescence measurements. The anti-Stokes emission peaks from these polycrystalline phosphor microspheres were obtained using a commercial micro-photoluminescence setup equipped with a 976 nm laser as an excitation source at room temperature. It was compared with the emission spectra taken from a 2–3 mm spot size of 976 nm laser irradiation on the same sample. The micro-emission spectra were analyzed based on possible Stark splitting energy level transitions between the 2S+1LJ manifolds of Er3+ and Tm3+ ions. A detailed mechanism is outlined for emission in the entire visible region under 976 nm laser excitation.
A multi-scale and multi-domain heart sound feature-based machine learning model for ACC/AHA heart failure stage classification
Authors: Zheng Yineng , Guo Xingming , Wang Yingying , Qin Jian , Lv Fajin 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Objective. Heart sounds can reflect detrimental changes in cardiac mechanical activity that are common pathological characteristics of chronic heart failure (CHF). The ACC/AHA heart failure (HF) stage classification is essential for clinical decision-making and the management of CHF. Herein, a machine learning model that makes use of multi-scale and multi-domain heart sound features was proposed to provide an objective aid for ACC/AHA HF stage classification. Approach. A dataset containing phonocardiogram (PCG) signals from 275 subjects was obtained from two medical institutions and used in this study. Complementary ensemble empirical mode decomposition and tunable-Q wavelet transform were used to construct self-adaptive sub-sequences and multi-level sub-band signals for PCG signals. Time-domain, frequency-domain and nonlinear feature extraction were then applied to the original PCG signal, heart sound sub-sequences and sub-band signals to construct multi-scale and multi-domain heart sound features. The features selected via the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator were fed into a machine learning classifier for ACC/AHA HF stage classification. Finally, mainstream machine learning classifiers, including least-squares support vector machine (LS-SVM), deep belief network (DBN) and random forest (RF), were compared to determine the optimal model. Main results. The results showed that the LS-SVM, which utilized a combination of multi-scale and multi-domain features, achieved better classification performance than the DBN and RF using multi-scale or/and multi-domain features alone or together, with average sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 0.821, 0.955 and 0.820 on the testing set, respectively. Significance. PCG signal analysis provides efficient measurement information regarding CHF severity and is a promising noninvasive method for ACC/AHA HF stage classification.
On density distribution of Ti atom and ion ground states near the target in HiPIMS discharge using cavity ring-down spectroscopy and laser induced fluorescence
Authors: Pajdarová A D , Kozák T , Čapek J , Tölg T 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Cavity ring-down spectroscopy combined with laser induced fluorescence was applied during a high-power impulse magnetron sputtering of Ti target to determine the time evolutions and spatial distributions of Ti atom and ion densities of levels belonging to the ground state multiplets (GSM) near the sputtered target. From these densities, an estimate of the time evolution and spatial distribution of the ionization degree near the target was calculated. It was found that the densities (number of particles per unit volume) of levels in GSM of Ti atom and ion increases with their level energies and the highest levels in GSMs show an inversion in their populations (the density of level divided by its statistical weight) during a voltage pulse. The population inversion (a higher population of levels with a higher energy than those with lower ones) is distinct for the highest level in GSM of Ti+ ion and it persists even at 40 μs after the voltage pulse end. The sum of ground state level densities reaches values up to 8.3 × 1011 cm−3 for Ti+ ions above the target racetrack and up to 4.8 × 1011 cm−3 for Ti atoms above the target center for the regime with the peak power density of 498 W cm−2. A frequent ionization of Ti atoms above the target racetrack is manifested by distinct drops in the Ti atom spatial distribution. This leads to a very high ionization degree up to 94% at the racetrack position and the ionization degree stays also high 40 μs after the voltage pulse termination.
A direct ink writing based fabric-embedded soft sensor for improved durability and sewability
Authors: Oh Jihye , Bae Joonbum 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Soft sensors made of silicone and liquid metal have been used in wearable systems because they do not interfere the natural motion of users due to the remarkable elasticity. The soft sensors are usually used as wearable systems by being attached to fabric with adhesive, but the attached sensor can be easily delaminated from the fabric upon repeated stretching, which leads the limited range of use. Also, it was not easy to make complicated wearable systems with the fabric-attached soft sensor due to the bad sewability. In this paper, a new method is proposed for fabricating fabric-embedded soft sensors with improved durability and sewability. In the proposed method, the fabric is embedded by blade coating, and liquid metal wires are formed by direct ink writing, which enables inexpensive and fast design modification and an automated manufacturing procedure. The fabric-embedded soft sensor is more resistant to delamination than the fabric-attached soft sensor, which was experimentally verified. The tear resistance of the soft sensor improved by the embedded fabric was also experimentally verified. Based on the improved tear resistance, the fabric-embedded soft sensor could be easily sewn, which was also confirmed by experiments. As an application, a wearable wrist angle measurement system was developed by directly sewing the fabric-embedded soft sensors.