bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and severity of cornea guttata in the graft following Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty (DMEK)
Authors: Schmitz Lena‐Marie , Safi Tarek , Munteanu Cristian , Seitz Berthold , Daas Loay 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPurposeThe aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and severity of cornea guttata (CG) in grafts after Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) and to investigate its impact on various clinical parameters during follow‐up.MethodsThis retrospective study included 664 operations (DMEK and triple‐DMEK) on 466 patients. The prevalence and progression of CG after the operation were examined using endothelial specular microscopy images. The severity grade of CG was classified into four grades: G0 without CG, G1 – G3 with increasing severity of CG. Clinical parameters such as central corneal thickness (CCT), visual acuity (VA), endothelial cell density (ECD), pleomorphism and polymegalism were examined during a postoperative follow‐up time of 19.6 ± 15.8 months.ResultsCornea guttata (CG) appeared postoperatively in 124 (18.7%) eyes. 112 (16.9%) could be classified as G1, 9 (1.4%) as G2 and only 3 (0.5%) as G3. The examination of clinical parameters showed significant differences between healthy and low‐grade CG (G0/G1) and high‐grade CG (G2/G3). A significant deterioration was found in the corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) (p = 0.02). CCT showed an increase between G0 (534 ± 58 μm) and G2 (549 ± 71 μm)/G3 (558 ± 56 μm) with a p‐value of 0.02. Additionally, a significant increase in pleomorphism (p = 0.003) and polymegalism (p = 0.04) was detected.ConclusionCornea guttata (CG) prevalence after DMEK and triple‐DMEK was found to be 18.7%, although most of these cases were classified as low‐grade CG and showed no clinical significance. Around 1.9% were classified as high‐grade CG and significantly affected several clinical parameters during the follow‐up.
Estimation of familial recurrence risk of malignancy: Application of liability threshold model in genetic counseling
Authors: Nagao Yoshiro 
Published: June 2022

AbstractApart from some Mendelian‐inherited tumors, malignancies are multifactorial diseases, and reported data are often the only sources to estimate familial recurrence risk. Edwards' approximation formula has provided one way forward, but it uses estimates only from incidence in the general population, and is thus too simple to be widely utilized for complex individual instances. On the other hand, the heritability of malignancies has been estimated from twin studies, and it has been found that different tumors have rather different heritability. In the present study, I report a method to estimate the familial recurrence risk from the population incidence and the heritability of each malignancy, applying Falconer's liability threshold model. Trial calculations with this method using literature data support its potential use. For example, the calculation indicated that the relative risk of developing stomach cancer is 2.1 times in the first‐degree relatives than in the general population whereas for leukemia the risks were estimated to be 7.4 times and 2.9 times for the first‐ and the second‐degree relatives, respectively. Thus, the proposed method could be a useful tool in genetic counseling for risk of malignancies.
Medical decisions in organ donors and heart transplant candidates with history of COVID‐19 infection: An international practice survey
Authors: Sadeh Ben , Ugolini Sharon , Pinzon Omar Wever , Potapov Evgenij V. , Selzman Craig H. , Bader Feras , Zuckermann Andreas o , Gomez‐Mesa Juan Esteban , Shah Kevin S. , Alharethi Rami , Morejon‐Barragan Paola , Hanff Thomas , Goldraich Livia A. , Farrero Marta , MacDonald Peter S. , Drakos Stavros , Mehra Mandeep R. , Stehlik Josef 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundA growing proportion of transplant donors and recipients have a history of COVID‐19 infection. This study sought to characterize clinical practice after recipient or donor COVID‐19 infection.MethodsAn online survey was distributed to heart transplant clinicians through a professional society message board and social media. Responses were collected between September 29 and November 5, 2021.ResultsThere were 222 health care professionals (68% transplant cardiologists, 22% transplant surgeons, 10% other) across diverse geographic regions who completed the survey. While there was significant variation in donor acceptance, as it relates to past and current COVID‐19 infection, the respondents were fairly cautious: 28% would not typically accept a donor with a history of COVID‐19 regardless of the infection course and > 80% would not accept donors who had evidence of myocardial dysfunction during past COVID‐19 infection, or who died of COVID‐19 or its complications. The timing of candidate reactivation on the waiting list after COVID‐19 infection also varied and often diverged from scenarios addressed by social guidelines. Eighty‐one percent of the respondents felt COVID‐19 vaccine should be mandatory before transplant, but this rate varied by geographic region.ConclusionOur results reflect evolving experience of the heart transplant field at a time of lack of high‐quality evidence. In the absence of longer‐term outcome data for donors and transplant candidates with history of COVID‐19 infection, clinicians remain cautious; however, this approach will likely need to be refined as an increasing proportion of the population will continue to be infected with COVID‐19.
Effects of extreme temperature events on the parasitism performance ofDiadegma semiclausum, an endoparasitoid ofPlutella xylostella
Authors: Costaz Thibault P. M. , Gols Rieta , de Jong Peter W. , van Loon Joop J. A. , Dicke Marcel 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWith climate change, the occurrence of extreme weather events such as heatwaves is expected to increase. Extreme temperature events are short periods of high temperature (i.e., >95th percentile of temperature distribution), and their occurrences are difficult to predict. These extreme temperature events pose great challenges to living organisms, especially ectotherms such as insects whose body temperature is greatly influenced by environmental temperature. Temperature is known to play an essential role in driving insect performance as well as inducing behavioral changes. Exposure to extreme temperatures causes physiological damage leading to potential long‐lasting effects on insect performance. We aimed at assessing the impact of direct (i.e., current) and indirect (previously experienced) exposure to extreme temperature on the oviposition success ofDiadegma semiclausumHellén (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae).Diadegma semiclausumis a larval endoparasitoid ofPlutella xylostellaL. (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), a worldwide pest of brassicaceous crops. Oviposition success, measured as the percentage of parasitizedP. xylostella, was significantly lower at 33 °C than at 25 °C. However, previous exposure to 33 °C did not significantly impact the egg‐laying performance ofD. semiclausum, indicating that, after a heatwave, the egg‐laying performance can recover. Neither the direct nor indirect exposure to extreme temperature alteredD. semiclausumhost‐instar preference. These results indicate that temperature directly impactsD. semiclausumparasitism performance, although more detailed research is needed to disentangle direct physiological mechanisms from behavioral responses. Overall, these study results confirm others, suggesting that control ofP. xylostellabyD. semiclausumis likely to be impaired by more frequent heatwaves predicted under climate change scenarios.
Levels and dynamics of estimated glomerular filtration rate and recurrent vascular events and death in patients with minor stroke or transient ischemic attack
Authors: Tütüncü Serdar , Olma Manuel C. , Kunze Claudia , Krämer Michael , Dietzel Joanna , Schurig Johannes , Filser Paula , Pfeilschifter Waltraud , Hamann Gerhard F. , Büttner Thomas , Heuschmann Peter U. , Kirchhof Paulus , Laufs Ulrich , Nabavi Darius G. , Röther Joachim , Thomalla Götz , Veltkamp Roland , Eckardt Kai‐Uwe , Haeusler Karl Georg , Endres Matthias ,   MonDAFIS Investigators
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackground and purposeImpaired kidney function is associated with an increased risk of vascular events in acute stroke patients, when assessed by single measurements of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). It is unknown whether repeated measurements provide additional information for risk prediction.MethodsThe MonDAFIS (Systematic Monitoring for Detection of Atrial Fibrillation in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke) study randomly assigned 3465 acute ischemic stroke patients to either standard procedures or an additive Holter electrocardiogram. Baseline eGFR (CKD‐EPI formula) were dichotomized into values of < versus ≥60 ml/min/1.73 m2. eGFR dynamics were classified based on two in‐hospital values as “stable normal” (≥60 ml/min/1.73 m2), “increasing” (by at least 15% from baseline, second value ≥ 60 ml/min/1.73 m2), “decreasing” (by at least 15% from baseline of ≥60 ml/min/1.73 m2), and “stable decreased” (<60 ml/min/1.73 m2). The composite endpoint (stroke, major bleeding, myocardial infarction, all‐cause death) was assessed after 24 months. We estimated hazard ratios in confounder‐adjusted models.ResultsEstimated glomerular filtration rate at baseline was available in 2947 and a second value in 1623 patients. After adjusting for age, stroke severity, cardiovascular risk factors, and randomization, eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2 at baseline (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.2, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.40–3.54) as well as decreasing (HR = 1.79, 95% CI = 1.07–2.99) and stable decreased eGFR (HR = 1.64, 95% CI = 1.20–2.24) were independently associated with the composite endpoint. In addition, eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.732 at baseline (HR = 3.02, 95% CI = 1.51–6.10) and decreasing eGFR were associated with all‐cause death (HR = 3.12, 95% CI = 1.63–5.98).ConclusionsIn addition to patients with low eGFR levels at baseline, also those with decreasing eGFR have increased risk for vascular events and death; hence, repeated estimates of eGFR might add relevant information to risk prediction.
Outcome at age 7 of epilepsy presenting in the first 2 years of life. A population‐based study
Authors: Stödberg Tommy , Tomson Torbjörn , Anderlid Britt‐Marie , Andersson Tomas , Henry Olivia , Åmark Per , Wedell Anna 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectiveExisting data suggest that epilepsy presenting in the first few years of life carries a worse prognosis than later onset. However, studies are few and methods differ, making interpretations of data uncertain. This study analyzes outcome at age 7 and potential prognostic factors in a well‐characterized population‐based cohort with epilepsy onset during the first 2 years of life.MethodsAn incidence cohort of 116 prospectively identified cases of epilepsy with seizure onset before age 2 years was described in Stödberg et al. (2020). Cases were originally retrieved from the Stockholm Incidence Registry of Epilepsy (SIRE), which registered all cases with a first unprovoked epileptic seizure from September 1, 2001, in Northern Stockholm. Data on treatment and outcome at age 7 years were collected from electronic medical records and through interviews with parents. Outcome and potential prognostic factors were analyzed with descriptive statistics and multivariable log binomial regression analysis.ResultsEleven children (9.5%) died before age 7. Polytherapy was common. Epilepsy surgery was performed in two children. At age 7 years, 61 of 116 children (53%) had been seizure‐free for the last 2 years or longer. Intellectual disability was diagnosed in 57 of 116 children (49%), autism spectrum disorder in 13 (11%), and cerebral palsy in 28 (24%). West syndrome had a similar seizure remission rate but a worse cognitive outcome. There was no difference in outcome between first and second year onset. Six predictors, including etiology, remained associated with two or more outcome variables after regression analysis.SignificanceAbout half of children with infantile‐onset epilepsy will become seizure‐free and half of them will have intellectual disability. Etiology was confirmed as a major independent predictor of outcome. Our study contributes to a more firm knowledge base when counseling parents of infants diagnosed with epilepsy.
Adverse effects of gender‐affirming hormonal therapy in transgender persons: Assessing reports in the French pharmacovigilance database
Authors: Yelehe Melissa , Klein Marc , El Aridi Layal , Maurier Anaïs , Gillet Pierre , Feigerlova Eva 
Published: June 2022

AbstractLimited data are available on adverse drug reactions (ADRs) of gender‐affirming hormone therapy (HT), mainly due to the lack of population‐based studies with adequate controls, thus making spontaneous reporting systems a valuable tool to detect potential side reactions. In this nationwide retrospective study, we aimed to analyze ADRs related to gender‐affirming HT reported in the French pharmacovigilance database (FPVD). We requested all the individual case safety reports related to gender‐affirming HT recorded in the FPVD before May 27, 2020. We excluded previously published cases and those where gender‐affirming HT was not the suspected drug. A total of 28 reports of ADRs were identified. Six concerned transgender men (21–40 years) and 22 transgender women (22–68 years). In transgender men taking testosterone enanthate, all reported ADRs were cardiovascular events, with pulmonary embolism in 50% of cases. Median time to onset (TTO) was 34 months. In transgender women, antiandrogens, mainly cyproterone acetate, were involved in 68% of cases, and estrogens in 77% of cases, mostly in association with progestin or cyproterone acetate. Meningiomas were the principal ADRs, followed by cardiovascular events, with a median TTO of 5.3 months. Our data show a previously unreported, non‐negligible proportion of cases indicating cardiovascular ADRs in transgender men younger than 40 years. In transgender women, cardiovascular events were the second most frequent ADR. Further research is necessary to identify risk factors that might help to the individualization of treatment strategies. There is a necessity to increase awareness, implement preventive and education measures.
Drivers of foliar 15N trends in southern China over the last century
Authors: Tang Songbo , Liu Jianfeng , Gilliam Frank S. , Hietz Peter , Wang Zhiheng , Lu Xiankai , Zeng Feiyan , Wen Dazhi , Hou Enqing , Lai Yuan , Fang Yunting , Tu Ying , Xi Dan , Huang Zhiqun , Zhang Dianxiang , Wang Rong , Kuang Yuanwen 
Published: June 2022

AbstractFoliar stable nitrogen (N) isotopes (δ15N) generally reflect N availability to plants and have been used to infer about changes thereof. However, previous studies of temporal trends in foliar δ15N have ignored the influence of confounding factors, leading to uncertainties on its indication to N availability. In this study, we measured foliar δ15N of 1811 herbarium specimens from 12 plant species collected in southern China forests from 1920 to 2010. We explored how changes in atmospheric CO2, N deposition and global warming have affected foliar δ15N and N concentrations ([N]) and identified whether N availability decreased in southern China. Across all species, foliar δ15N significantly decreased by 0.82‰ over the study period. However, foliar [N] did not decrease significantly, implying N homeostasis in forest trees in the region. The spatiotemporal patterns of foliar δ15N were explained by mean annual temperature (MAT), atmospheric CO2 (), atmospheric N deposition, and foliar [N]. The spatiotemporal trends of foliar [N] were explained by MAT, temperature seasonality, , and N deposition. N deposition within the rates from 5.3 to 12.6 kg N ha−1 year−1 substantially contributed to the temporal decline in foliar δ15N. The decline in foliar δ15N was not accompanied by changes in foliar [N] and therefore does not necessarily reflect a decline in N availability. This is important to understand changes in N availability, which is essential to validate and parameterize biogeochemical cycles of N.
Arabic version of the Missed Nursing Care Survey: Validity and reliability
Authors: Alfuqaha Othman A. , Alhalaiqa Fadwa N. , Ayed Ahmad , Alqurneh Mohammad K. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAimTo explore the validity and reliability of the Missed Nursing Care Survey after translating it into the Arabic language.MethodsWe employed a cross‐sectional design. We recruited 260 Jordanian nurses, and data were collected between May and July 2020. Translation, acceptability, construct, convergent, discriminant validity and reliability were investigated.ResultsThe factor analysis showed an adequate fit (three subscales) between the proposed missing care survey model and the observed data. This model reflected the survey's construct, convergent and discriminant validity, explaining 58.88% of the variance collectively. Confirmatory factor analyses showed adequate goodness‐of‐fit results (goodness of fit index = 0.91, comparative fit index = 0.94, increment fit index = 0.94, Tucker Lewis index = 0.92 and root mean square error of approximation = 0.06). The total Cronbach alpha and composite reliability achieved the criterion for all constructs in this survey.ConclusionThis Arabic version of the Missed Nursing Care Survey achieved the required level of validity and reliability. Measuring missed care and its reasons may help to improve quality of health services and assist nurse managers in designing appropriate interventions to reduce it. Adoption of culturally acceptable instruments by health‐care policymakers may support patient safety.
Noneconomic and economic impacts of nurse turnover in hospitals: A systematic review
Authors: Bae Sung‐Heui 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAimTo examine and synthesize the noneconomic and economic impacts of nurse turnover in acute hospitals.BackgroundNurse turnover occurs when nurses leave their jobs or the profession and is a major concern for the healthcare industry. Many studies have investigated the determinants of nurse turnover.MethodsThe Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses checklist was utilized in the current review. Article search was conducted in June 2021. Research articles published since January 2000 were included. Eight databases (e.g., CINAHL, PubMed, PsycINFO, and Web of Science) were used. The following eligibility criteria were applied for inclusion: Articles that (1) were nonexperimental quantitative studies, (2) examined the impact of actual nurse turnover in acute hospitals, (3) were a peer‐reviewed original research article, and (4) were written in English or Korean.ResultsAmong 9,041 searched articles, 16 were included in the review. Seven studies investigated the association of nurse turnover with processes and outcomes (workgroup processes, nurse staffing, nurse outcomes, and patient outcomes), and partially supported the negative impact of turnover. Nine studies found that nurse turnover is very costly.ConclusionMost studies investigated the turnover cost, which is costly. The negative noneconomic impact of nurse turnover was partially supported.Implications for nursing practice and nursing policyTo prevent the adverse noneconomic and economic impacts of nurse turnover and retain nurses, healthcare organizations, nurse managers, and hospital staff nurses need to develop and implement prevention strategies and policies to address nurse turnover. Efforts to address nurse turnover can increase hospital competency to improve the quality of nursing care services and patient safety.
Nursing stakeholder identification guidelines for human resources for health and health workforce development: A scoping review
Authors: North Natasha , Brysiewicz Petra , Coetzee Minette 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAimTo investigate the existence of guidelines on the identification of nursing stakeholders as part of planning for human resources for health processes.BackgroundEffective involvement of nursing stakeholders in planning and implementing human resources for health policies is strongly advocated by leading global bodies. Systematic identification of nursing stakeholders at an early stage is fundamentally important. Guidelines to support appropriate identification and inclusion of nursing stakeholders could support the active involvement of nurses and midwives in human resources for health planning processes at all levels.MethodsWe conducted a scoping review using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses extension for scoping reviews. We conducted a widely inclusive search for all types of records, including searches of bibliographic databases (PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus and Web of Science) and manual searches of selected websites and internet archives to identify grey literature, published in English since 2009. Search terms related to guidelines, stakeholder engagement and the health workforce.ResultsOf the 1058 potentially relevant sources identified, two studies met inclusion criteria. Both were guidelines produced by global bodies more than 12 years ago. Cochrane guidance on reporting ‘near‐empty’ reviews was followed, and eight additional sources meeting most of the inclusion criteria were identified and critiqued.ConclusionsGuidelines regarding the process of nursing stakeholder identification specific to human resources for health planning processes are scarce and require updating. Critique of recent practices suggests considerable methodological variety and sub‐optimal identification of nursing stakeholders.Implications for nursing and health policyNursing stakeholder engagement is an essential component of human resources for health planning processes, and the gap in literature points to a need for up‐to‐date guidance to ensure nurses’ active involvement.
Matrine alleviates cisplatin‐induced acute kidney injury by inhibiting mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammation viaSIRT3/OPA1pathway
Authors: Yuan Lu , Yang Jingchao , Li Ying , Yuan Longhui , Liu Fei , Yuan Yujia , Tang Xiaochi 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCisplatin is extensively used to treat malignancies. However, its clinical use is always limited due to the serious side effects, especially the nephrotoxicity. Matrine (MAT), a tetracyclic quinolizine alkaloid found in sophora genus, exerts multiple pharmacological roles, including anti‐oxidative stress, anti‐inflammation and anti‐apoptosis, but the role of MAT on acute kidney injury (AKI) has not been evaluated. Here, we found that MAT potently inhibited cell injury induced by cisplatin in HK2 cells in vitro, which was associated with the inhibition of oxidative injury and NF‐κB‐mediated inflammation. Moreover, MAT treatment could activate the SIRT3/OPA1 axis and subsequently suppress the mitochondrial fragmentation and improve mitochondrial function. More importantly, SIRT3 knockdown suppressed the deacetylation of OPA1, which blocked the protective role of MAT on cisplatin‐induced cell injury. In vivo, MAT treatment alleviated renal dysfunction, histological damage and inflammation induced by cisplatin in mice. Furthermore, consistent with the founding in vitro, MAT also activated SIRT3‐mediated deacetylation of OPA1 and alleviated mitochondrial dysfunction in AKI mice. Our study proved that MAT protected against cisplatin‐induced AKI by synergic anti‐oxidative stress and anti‐inflammation actions via SIRT3/OPA1‐mediated improvement of mitochondrial function, suggesting that MAT may be a novel and effective strategy for AKI.