bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dho-gml Optimization Approach for Thyroid Classification Using Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Dhivya P. , Bazilabanu A. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Disease classification using Artificial Intelligence (AI) is one of the emerging areas for medical professionals to diagnose the disease. Thyroid is a common disease which is faced by most of the people that produce severe health problems. As a second opinion to medical professionals, various classification models are used such as Logistic Regression, Decision Tree, Random Forest, K Nearest Neighbor and gradient boosting algorithms.An Artificial Neural Network (ANN) is a part of AI mainly used to identify the nonlinear relationship among the features for better prediction. However, there are some common problems like under fitting and overfitting that occur during the analysis and prediction. The present study suggests the Deep Hyper Optimization (DHO) - Genetic Meta Learning (GML) technique to increase the accuracy and reduce the elapsed time of execution without overfitting. In the first phase, DHO is used to fine tune the weight, bias and identify the optimal number of parameters in the hidden layer using DHO. The performance of various algorithms are observed and compared with Deep Hyper Optimization (DHO) technique. It chooses the best parameter for classification based on the highest probability of particular value in the parameters after performing the divide and conquer approach. In the second phase, GML technique is used to identify the optimal model for classification. It uses the crossover to select the best model and generate offspring population. The performance of each method is observed based on the accuracy, elapsed time, precision, recall, and F1 score, FPR, FNR, TNR and Area under Curve (AUC).
Dysregulation of Sphingosine-1-Phosphate (S1P) and S1P Receptor 1 Signaling in the 5xFAD Mouse Model of Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Jung Younghun , Lopez-Benitez Jonathan , Tognoni Christina M. , Carreras Isabel , Dedeoglu Alpaslan 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Sphingolipid-1-phosphate (S1P) and S1P receptors (S1PRs) play crucial roles in cellular events in the brain. Aberrant S1P metabolism has been identified in the brains of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients. Our recent studies have shown that treatment with fingolimod, an analog of sphingosine known to activate S1PRs in vivo, provides neuroprotective effects in 5xFAD mice, resulting in the reduction of Aβ neurotoxicity, inhibition of activation of microglia and astrocytes, and increased hippocampal neurogenesis. However, the pathways by which dysfunctional S1P and S1PR signaling may associate with the development of AD-like pathology remain unknown. In this study, we investigated the alteration of S1P and S1PR1 signaling in the brain of 5xFAD transgenic mice compared to non-transgenic wildtype (WT) littermates at 3, 8, and 14 months of age. Compared to WT mice, we found significantly decreased levels of S1P concomitant with decreased sphingosine kinases (SphKs), increased S1P lyase (S1PL), and increased S1PR1 in 8- and 14-month-old, but not in 3-month-old 5xFAD mice. Furthermore, we detected increased activation of the S1PR1 downstream pathway of Akt/mTor/Tau signaling in aging 5xFAD mice. Treatment with fingolimod from 1 to 8 months of age reversed the levels of S1P, SphKs, and S1PL, and that of S1PR1 and its downstream pathway of Akt/mTor/Tau signaling. Together the data reveal that dysregulation of S1P and S1PR signaling may associate with the development of AD-like pathology through Akt/mTor/Tau signaling.
Knockdown of Musashi-1 enhances chemotherapeutic sensitivity and apoptosis in Group 3/4 medulloblastomas cells
Authors: Chagas Pablo Shimaoka , Veronez Luciana Chain , de Sousa Graziella Ribeiro , Cruzeiro Gustavo Alencastro Veiga , Corrêa Carolina Alves Pereira , Saggioro Fabiano Pinto , Queiroz Rosane Gomes de Paula , Marie Suely Kazue Nagahashi , Brandalise Silvia Regina , Cardinalli Izilda Aparecida , Yunes José Andres , Júnior Carlos Gilberto Carlotti , Machado Hélio Rubens , Santos Marcelo Volpon , Scrideli Carlos Alberto , Tone Luiz Gonzaga , Valera Elvis Terci 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Groups (Grp) 3 and 4 are aggressive molecular subgroups of medulloblastoma (MB), with high rates of leptomeningeal dissemination. To date, there is still a paucity of biomarkers for these subtypes of MBs. The RNA-binding protein Musashi-1 (MSI1) is a neural stem cell marker, characterized as a gene translation regulator and associated with high oncogenicity in several human cancers. In this study, we investigated the clinical significance and biological functions of MSI1 in Grp3/Grp4-MBs. First, we assessed the expression profile of MSI1 in 59 primary MB samples (15-WNT, 18-SHH, 9-Grp3, 17-Grp4 subgroups) by qRT-PCR. MSI1 mRNA expression levels were also validated in an additional public dataset of MBs (GSE85217). The ROC curve was used to validate the diagnostic standards of MSI1 expression. Cell cycle, cell viability, and apoptosis were evaluated in D283 Med cell-line (Grp3/Grp4/MBs) after shRNA-mediated knockdown of MSI1 plus cisplatin treatment. We identified an overexpression of MSI1 with a high accuracy to discriminate Grp3/Grp4-MBs from non- Grp3/Grp4-MBs. In addition, MSI1 knockdown promoted cell cycle interruption in the G1/S transition and, consequently, decreased the number of cells in the G2/M phase, repressed cell proliferation and sensitized D283 Med cells to cisplatin treatment by enhancing cell apoptosis. The results of the present study are the first to demonstrate that MSI1 may play a role as biomarker for Grp3/Grp4-MBs. In addition, MSI1 knockdown combined with cisplatin may offer a potential strategy to be further explored in Grp3/Grp4-MBs.
Optimizing pediatric asthma education using virtual platforms during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Radhakrishnan Dhenuka , Higginson Andrea , Thipse Madhura , Tessier Marc , Radhakrishnan Arun 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
We compared patient and caregiver knowledge and confidence for managing asthma, and participant experiences when comprehensive asthma education was delivered in person versus in the virtual setting.
Methods
We performed a multi-methods study using structured surveys and qualitative interviews to solicit feedback from patients and caregivers following participation in a comprehensive asthma education session between April 2018 to October 2021. We compared participant knowledge and confidence for managing asthma as well as user experience when the education was attended in-person or virtually. Quantitative responses were summarized descriptively, and qualitative feedback was analyzed for major themes.
Results
Of 100 caregivers/patients who completed post education satisfaction surveys and interviews, 52 attended in person and 48 virtually, with the mean age of patients being 6.7 years (range: 1.2–17.0). Participant reported gains in knowledge and confidence for asthma management were not different between groups and 65.2% preferred attending virtual asthma education. The majority of participants described virtual education as a safer modality that was more convenient and accessible.
Conclusions
We demonstrated the successful implementation of a novel, virtual asthma education program for patients and caregivers of children with asthma. Both virtual and in-person delivered asthma education were equally effective for improving perceived knowledge and confidence for asthma self-management and virtual education was considered safer, more convenient and accessible. Virtual asthma education offers an attractive and effective option for improving the reach of quality asthma education programs and may allow more children/patients to benefit.
New understanding of SPAG4 as a potential tumor prognostic and immunotherapeutic marker
Authors: Feng Wanjiang , Wang Guowei , Zhang Xiaobo , Cheng Sha , Song Xiaoyue , Zhang Pan , Wang Jianlong 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Human sperm-associated antigen 4 (SPAG4), as a member of the cancer-testis antigen(CTA) family, is considered to be a potential cancer marker. However, It is not known whether SPAG4 functions in the tumor immune microenvironment through some common mechanism. Here, we explored the oncogenic role of SPAG4 in 33 human tumors based on TCGA and GEO databases using web-based tools such as TIMER2.0, GEPIA2, TISIDE, ROC plotter, TIDE, and Western Blot experiments. The results showed that SPAG4 was highly expressed in 21 tumors and predicted a poor clinical prognosis in most tumors. Moreover, SPAG4 has an important role in the tumor microenvironment and is likely to be involved in the regulation of the immune microenvironment. Most importantly, SPAG4 expression was significantly associated with drug resistance and immune checkpoint blockade therapy in tumor patients, and could potentially regulate the occurrence of immune escape. In conclusion, our study suggests that SPAG4 is an immune oncogenic molecule that can be used as a biomarker for cancer detection, prognosis, treatment design and follow-up.
Phenomenological Support for Escape Theory: A Qualitative Study Using Explicitation Interviews with Emotional Eaters
Authors: Shireen Huma , Castelli Samantha , Legault Maurice , Dor-Ziderman Yair , Milad Julia , Knäuper Bärbel 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The current study explored the phenomenology of emotional eating, that is, the descriptive knowledge of what one perceives, senses, and knows in one's immediate awareness and experience during emotional eating. Eight individuals with emotional eating were interviewed twice using explicitation interviewing. Thematic analysis resulted in nine themes describing the diachronic (or temporal) unfolding of emotional eating and several sub-themes that described various synchronic (or experiential) dimensions of this unfolding. The core findings of this study support the escape theory of emotional eating and recommend future directions to investigate the self-related shifts proposed by this theory. Namely, the findings show that individuals tend to use food to regulate their emotions by reducing the unpleasant experience of negative emotions and the associated unpleasant narrative processing or ruminations about stressors that caused the negative emotions. This then leads to an urge to eat associated with a desire for the sensory experience of eating. Eating then enables individuals to reduce thoughts about their stressors and bring themselves into the present moment through embodiment. Future quantitative research could investigate this mechanism of shifting from narrative to embodied processing to regulate emotions in emotional eating to develop treatment programs, such as mindfulness-based programs, that could encourage such a shift and emotion regulation without the use of food.
Improvements in survival and early retirement rates – real-world evidence for Danish breast cancer patients 2004-2018
Authors: Khan Humma , Rudolfsen Jan Håkon , Olsen Jens , Borgquist Signe , Poulsen Peter Bo 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
BackgroundHistorically, Denmark has had poor survival for cancer patients relative to other western countries with comparable healthcare systems. The associated adverse outcomes may have been attributed to lifestyle factors or healthcare system weaknesses. In this study, we examine the long-term cancer impact of a nationwide reform addressing all cancer diagnostics, implemented in 2006. Our analyses include patients diagnosed with breast cancer and their spouses (informal caregivers). Patients and their spouses diagnosed before and after the reform was compared. Focus is on the potential impact on overall survival, early retirement, sick leave, unemployment as well as earnings (income).MethodsIn a nationwide retrospective cohort study of real-world data utilizing the Danish National Patient Register we identified 77,474 breast cancer patients between 1st January 2002 and 31st December 2018. Data was merged with the National Cancer Register, the Central Person Register, the Education Register, the DREAM Register and the Income Register using citizens’ personal identification number. Spouses of patients were identified through the Central Person Register. Propensity score matching was applied to match populations before and after the reform. Analyses on matched and unmatched populations were performed.ResultsIn a matched sample of cases diagnosed before and after the reform, we found a 15% reduction in risk of mortality for breast cancer patients after the reform. Moreover, there was a 15% reduced risk of early retirement. The patients diagnosed after the reform had reduced income three to five years after diagnosis relative to those diagnosed before the reform, likely due to survival bias and labour market conditions, such as the financial crisis (2008– 2009). In an unmatched sample of patients diagnosed two years before or after the reform, we found a 7% reduction in mortality.ConclusionImplementation of the nationwide cancer reform together with advancement in new cancer treatments had a positive impact on the survival of breast cancer patients. The patients diagnosed after the reform also had reduced risk of early retirement, indicating reduced burden of disease relative to those diagnosed before the reform. The results from our study are reassuring that relevant healthcare reforms improve cancer outcome.
Using social media for health education and promotion: a pilot of WeChat-based prize quizzes on China National Malaria Day
Authors: Wang Yi , Li Chengyuan , Zhang Jiayao , Yang Mengmeng , Zhu Guoding , Liu Yaobao , Cao Jun 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Imported malaria cases remains a key health concern, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. Providing accurate health information is important to improving people’s awareness of malaria. WeChat is an excellent social media tool for health information dissemination, especially during the pandemic. This study explored the effect of malaria knowledge dissemination via a WeChat public account.Methods: A questionnaire for data collection was constructed using the online survey tool Sojump. Questionnaires were sent to users who followed the Jiangsu institute of Parasitic Disease WeChat public account during the National Malaria Day 2021 period. A small incentive (WeChat Red Packet) was distributed to everyone who answered the questionnaire correctly on time.Results: A total of 13,169 valid questionnaires were collected during the China National Malaria Day period. Questions in which participants focused mainly on information pertaining to themselves, such as infection, symptoms, and epidemic areas, reached highest accuracy (above 90%). Questionnaires were submitted through smartphones and most of them were completed during the period of 4 days from April 23 to April 26, 2021 when a WeChat Red Packet was offered. The accuracy of responses was related to bolded words and location and number of knowledge points that were shown at the beginning of the questionnaire. The number of users of the WeChat public account in question increased from 5961 to 12,339 in just 4 days of the activity.Conclusion: A WeChat public account is a convenient and accessible tool for spreading malaria-related health information to the public. Distribution of incentives (Red Packets) can effectively increase public attention to popular science and health information and activities.
The role of transanal tube after low anterior resection in patients with rectal cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy: a propensity score-matched study
Authors: Pyo Dae Hee , Huh Jung Wook , Lee Woo Yong , Yun Seong Hyeon , Kim Hee Cheol , Cho Yong Beom , Park Yoon Ah , Shin Jung Kyong 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
PurposeThe protective efficacy of transanal tube (TAT) for anastomosis was compared with that of diverting stoma (DS) in rectal cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy.MethodsWe included consecutive locally advanced rectal cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and curative surgery from January 2013 to December 2019. The patients were grouped into TAT or DS, according to the protection methods they received. Propensity score-matching with 1:1 ratio was done. The primary outcome was the incidence of anastomotic leakage (AL).ResultsOf the 656 eligible patients, 207 (31.6%) and 385 (58.7%) patients were grouped into TAT and DS, respectively, and 64 (9.7%) patients who did not undergo either TAT or DS were excluded. After matching, the incidence of AL was 9.7% and 10.6% in DS and TAT, respectively (P = 0.871). The overall morbidity was 23.2% and 15.0% in DS and TAT, respectively (P = 0.045). In the multivariate analysis, tumor size greater than 2.5 cm and level of anastomosis lower than 4 cm were significant risk factors for AL. In subgroup analysis for patients with the level of anastomosis higher than 4cm, the incidence of AL was not significantly different between the TAT and DS group. However, for patients with a level of anastomosis lower than 4cm, the incidence of grade C AL was significantly greater in TAT than in DS group (2.5% vs. 9.9%, P = 0.040).ConclusionThe protective efficacy of TAT may be comparable to DS, especially for those with a level of anastomosis higher than 4cm.
Computer or Human: A Comparative Study of Automated Evaluation Scoring and instructors’ feedback on Chinese College Students’ English Writing
Authors: Chen Huimei , Pan Jie 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The role of internet technology in higher education and particularly in teaching English as a Foreign language is increasingly prominent because of the interest in the ways in which technology can be applied to support students. The automated evaluation scoring system is a typical demonstration of the application of network technology in the teaching of English writing. Many writing scoring platforms have been developed and used in China, which can provide on-line instant and corrective feedback on students’ writing. However, the validity of Aim Writing, a product developed by Microsoft Research Asia, which claims to be the best tool to facilitate Asian EFL learners, has not been tested in previous studies. In this mixed methods study, the feedback and effect of Aim Writing on college students’ writing will be investigated and compared to instructor’s feedback. The results indicate that Aim Writing’s performance is insufficient to support all students’ needs for writing and that colleges should encourage a hybrid model that contains both AES and instructor’s feedback in writing.
Shear strength model of large-scale reinforced concrete rectangular columns with light transverse reinforcement
Authors: Pham Phu Anh Huy 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Columns with low transverse reinforcement, i.e., poor detail, small size, wide spacing are used commonly in the old buildings. It is often failed in shear with brittle mode that can lead to suddenly collapse entire building. Therefore, the exact determination of shear strength is significant for estimating the response of reinforced concrete (RC) columns under earthquake events. Based on four large full scale RC columns (800⋅800⋅3200)mm with low transverse reinforcement, the paper pointed out the factors that effect on shear strength, and proposed the revised shear strength equation, also the interaction diagram between bending moment (M) – shear force (V)- axial compression force (N) to design or check the shear ability of RC columns. Yet, the simple process to build the backbone curves and hysteretic loops was proposed and compared with tested results and test database.
Statistical methods for enhanced reporting and analysis of COVID-19 survey data sets generated by internal public health bodies in Saudi Arabia: a biostatistical study
Authors: Alqahtani Haifa 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
By late December 2019, incepted in Yuhang, China, COVID-19 started to affect the entire world, including Saudi Arabia. The outbreak and effect of this highly infectious disease can be bio-statistically objectively measured and evaluated in terms of infection, hospitalization and loss of life as the disease has already claimed the lives of more than 7500 Saudis and residents. The impact of the disease on the Saudi public health, economy, education and the general workplace has been tremendous over the early stages of the outbreak. This bio-statistical study aimed to develop a statistical and deterministic analysis of the spread of COVID-19 within the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The statistical analysis and subsequent model was based on data collected over a period of seven hundred and twenty six days and the fitting of this data using some statistical distributions to measure the averages for deaths, recovered and infected patients. The resultant simple SIR mathematical model in this study is based on the concept of piecewise modeling, specifying the intervals to define borderlines of the spread of the disease on Saudi lands. The developed prediction model could be used to assist the government and the concerned healthcare providers and personnel to plan for the impending situation and to make sure that they are well prepared to address the pandemic and any other related medical conditions.
Commercial civet farming practices and conservation impacts on wild civet populations in central Vietnam
Authors: Thi Mai Trinh , Gray Russell , Pham Thong , Thuy Hang Tran Thi , Kim Long Le , Nhat Long Cao , Nguyen Thai 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Demand for luxury wild meat and civet coffee has driven the establishment of civet farms in South-east Asia, including in Vietnam. However, little is known about the impacts of these farms on wild civet populations. In 2020, semi-structured interviews were used to explore the status and trade dynamics of 57 commercial civet farms in Lam Dong and Dak Lak provinces, Vietnam. Interviewees comprised civet farm owners as well as local government staff that were mandated to monitor these facilities. The results show that the surveyed civet farms are poorly managed by the authorities in these two provinces and that these operations pose a high level of risk to both wild civet populations and to public health. 64% of interviewed farms reported that they restocked using wild-caught civets and 63% reported disease as a cause of captive mortality, and in one instance a farm reported ~ 200 individuals died at once. A fifth of the farms interviewed kept more civets than registered with the government. High mortality and low breeding success rates were reported by 74% owners; this probably explains some of the reported dependency on using wild-caught civets for restocking. Civet farms in these two provinces are an ongoing threat to wild civet populations and also to public health; farms may currently be beyond regulatory control, and the commercial farming of civets for their meat and for civet coffee should be phased out both as a conservation and pandemic prevention mechanism.