bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Influence of Plotinus on Basil of Caesarea’s Homiliae in hexaemeron
Authors: DeMarco David C. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This article argues for Plotinian influence on Basil’s Homiliae in hexaemeron. It is composed of two major sections. The first section discusses three major flaws in John Rist’s “Basil’s ‘Neoplatonism’: Its Background and Nature,” namely: 1) the problems with Rist’s focus on the peculiar features of Plotinus, 2) Rist’s overestimation of the effect of Nicaea on the reception of Platonic ideas by Christians, 3) the lack of evidence regarding both Basil’s time in Athens and the assumption that post-Plotinian Platonism is too pagan to be of interest to Basil. The second section examines three passages from Basil’s Homiliae in hexaemeron, namely, 1,7, 2,2, and 2,7. The first passage exhibits clear indirect, though not direct, or exclusively Plotinian influence. The second example reveals a shared idea that most likely derives from Plotinus due to other contextual aspects. The final passage shows a close relation between Basil and Plotinus, in which the differences are better explained by the different goals of the authors rather than by the lack of contact and dependence on common material.
Creation of the Universe and Creation of Man in Cyril of Alexandria’s Early Works on the Pentateuch
Authors: Villani Barbara 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
After some preliminary remarks on Cyril’s two works on the Pentateuch, De adoratione and Glaphyra, as well as the σκοπός of the biblical text, this contribution deals with Cyril’s reading of the biblical account of the creation of the universe and creation of man. In contrast to other interpreters, e. g., the Cappadocian fathers, the Alexandrian patriarch does not show interest in a detailed explanation of cosmogony based on natural philosophy. He rather emphasizes the limits of the human mind in understanding the details of the act of God’s creation of the world. According to Cyril’s understanding of the goal of Moses’ writings, his exegesis of Genesis focuses especially on the creation of man. Convinced that Moses wrote his books as moral instruction to lead men to God, Cyril interprets selected parts of Genesis in a typological way in order to show man’s journey from the fall into sin to the restoration of a holy life.
IL‐21 has a critical role in establishing germinal centers by amplifying early B cell proliferation
Authors: Dvorscek Alexandra R , McKenzie Craig I , Robinson Marcus J , Ding Zhoujie , Pitt Catherine , O'Donnell Kristy , Zotos Dimitra , Brink Robert , Tarlinton David M , Quast Isaak 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe proliferation and differentiation of antigen‐specific B cells, including the generation of germinal centers (GC), are prerequisites for long‐lasting, antibody‐mediated immune protection. Affinity for antigen determines B cell recruitment, proliferation, differentiation, and competitiveness in the response, largely through determining access to T cell help. However, how T cell‐derived signals contribute to these outcomes is incompletely understood. Here, we report how the signature cytokine of follicular helper T cells, IL‐21, acts as a key regulator of the initial B cell response by accelerating cell cycle progression and the rate of cycle entry, increasing their contribution to the ensuing GC. This effect occurs over a wide range of initial B cell receptor affinities and correlates with elevated AKT and S6 phosphorylation. Moreover, the resultant increased proliferation can explain the IL‐21‐mediated promotion of plasma cell differentiation. Collectively, our data establish that IL‐21 acts from the outset of a T cell‐dependent immune response to increase cell cycle progression and fuel cyclic re‐entry of B cells, thereby regulating the initial GC size and early plasma cell output.
Power‐law multi‐wave model for COVID‐19 propagation in countries with nonuniform population density
Authors: Grinchuk Pavel , Fisenko Sergey 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundThe purpose of our study is to develop a quite precise mathematical model which describes epidemics spread in a country with non‐uniform population density. This model gives explanation of quite long duration of the peak of a respiratory infection such as the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19).MethodsThe theory of kinetic equations and fractal analysis are used in our mathematical model. According to our model, COVID‐19 spreading takes the form of several spatio‐temporal waves developing almost independently and simultaneously in areas with different population density. The intensity of each wave is described by a power‐law dependence. The parameters of the dependence are determined by real statistical data at the initial stage of the disease spread.ResultsThe results of the model simulation were verified using statistical data for the Republic of Belarus. Based on the developed model, a forecast calculation was made at the end of May, 2020. It was shown that the epidemiological situation in the Republic of Belarus is well described by three waves, which spread respectively in large cities with the highest population density (the first wave), in medium‐sized cities with a population of 50−200 thousands people (the second wave), in small towns and rural areas (the third wave). It was shown that a new wave inside a subpopulation with a lower density was born 20−25 days after the appearance of the previous wave. Comparison with actual data several months later showed that the accuracy of forecasting the total number of cases for a period of 3 months for total population in the proposed approach was approximately 3%.ConclusionsThe high accuracy mathematical model is proposed. It describes the development of a respiratory epidemic in a country non‐uniform population density without quarantine. The model is useful for predicting the development of possible epidemics in the future. An accurate forecast allows to correctly allocating available resources to effectively withstand the epidemic.
Evaluation of a Point-of-Care Test for Bilirubin in Malawi
Authors: Shapiro Alyssa , Anderson Jessica , Mtenthaonga Prince , Kumwenda Watson , Bond Meaghan , Schwarz Richard , Carns Jennifer , Johnston Ryan , Dube Queen , Chiume Msandeni , Richards-Kortum Rebecca 
Published: July 2022

OBJECTIVES
BiliSpec is a low-cost spectrophotometric reader and disposable paper-based strip to quantify total serum bilirubin from several blood drops. This study was a prospective evaluation of BiliSpec in 2 neonatal wards in Malawi compared with a reference standard bilirubinometer over a large range of bilirubin and hematocrit levels.

METHODS
The accuracy of BiliSpec and a transcutaneous bilirubinometer were compared with the reference standard of spectrophotometry for 475 blood samples collected from 375 subjects across a range of total serum bilirubin concentrations from 0.0 to 33.7 mg/dL. The development of error grids to assess the clinical effects of measurement differences is reported.

RESULTS
BiliSpec was found to have a mean bias of −0.48 mg/dL and 95% limits of agreement of −5.09 mg/dL to +4.12 mg/dL. Results show 90.7% of BiliSpec measurements would have resulted in the same clinical decision as the reference standard, whereas 55.0% of transcutaneous bilirubin measurements would have resulted in the same clinical decision as the reference standard.

CONCLUSIONS
This evaluation supports use of BiliSpec to provide accurate, low-cost, point-of-care bilirubin measurements in low-resource hospitals. Future work is needed to evaluate BiliSpec among a larger number of users.
Developing a procedure for controlling the rheological properties of dough during its kneading based on a parametric model
Authors: Mailybayeva Elvira , Imanbayev Alimzhan , Yessirkep Gulmira , Mussayeva Saltanat , Shingissov Azret 
Published: July 2022

This work is aimed at developing a procedure for controlling the rheological properties of wheat dough during its kneading based on a parametric model. Dough kneading is the most important technological operation in the production of bakery products. When organoleptically assessing the consistency of the dough, it is difficult to accurately determine its rheological properties while maintaining the mass of water and its intensity at a constant level of the mass of the kneaded dough, considering the processed flour. However, our proposed procedure can solve these problems. According to the results obtained, it was experimentally found that the nature of changes in the specific intensity of dough kneading, which contributed to obtaining the best quality bread at a kneading body rotational speed of 150 rpm, is optimal. The dough kneading intensity leads to a reduction in the kneading time from 290 s at nm=60 rpm to 90 s at nm=240 rpm. The optimal duration of dough kneading was 124 s.
The results make it possible to determine the water absorption capacity of flour in the production of bakery products, considering its baking properties and dough recipe, and, accordingly, the optimal moisture content of the dough
Determining the role of individual and combined chemical elements in the pitting corrosion process of austenitic Fe-Cr-Ni steels
Authors: Snіzhnoі Valentin , Snizhnoi Gennadii , Stepanenko Sergiy 
Published: July 2022

This paper reports a study into the role of individual (S, P, N, C, Si, Mn, Ni, Cr) and combined (Q1=S, Q2=S+P, Q3=S+P+N, Q4=S+P+N+C, Q5=S+P+N+C+Si, Q6=S+P+N+C+Si+Mn, Q7=S+P+N+C+Si+Mn+Ni, Q8=Q=S+P+N+C+Si+ Mn+Ni+Cr) elements in five steel AISI 304 smelting cycles. The correlation between the rate of corrosion K in chloride-containing media and the specific magnetic susceptibility c0 of austenite (matrix), the low content Рdof d-ferrite, and the percentage of elements has been established. Taking into consideration the order of arrangement and influence of other present components, a set of the different-shaped graphic models of K dependences on c0, Рd, and percentage of elements was found. However, the sum of the eight calculated individual and combined elements (Q8) of the models coincides with the sum of the same elements (Q=Q8) of steel smelting samples that were subjected to experimental measurements of c0 and Рd. The curves of the reported models were compared with experimental dependences of K on c0, Рd. The positive and negative role of individual and combined elements in the process of pitting resistance of steel smelting cycles has been identified. Given this, it is assumed that the effect exerted on K by individual and combined elements in the intervals before and after their critical content may be ambiguous. Hence, one value K can correspond to several values of the contents of elements, c0, Рd. A proof of that is the coincidence between the calculated models K of corrosion on the same total content of Q8 for steel samples determined experimentally. The positive (negative) and ambiguous role of elements in the process of corrosion and the possibility of predicting corrosion tolerance of austenitic steels are assumed. The experimental dependence K on c0 and Рd has been established; the greater c0 and Рd, the lower the corrosion rate K. The studied steels contained d-ferrite in the low limits of 0.01...0.1 %.
Using derivative products from processing wild berries to enrich pressed sugar
Authors: Samilyk Maryna , Korniienko Daria , Bolgova Natalia , Sokolenko Viktoriia , Boqomol Nadija 
Published: July 2022

This paper reports a study addressing the issue of enriching pressed sugar in order to improve its biological value. As additives to sugar, the use of derivative products of processing wild berries Hippophaerhamnoides L., Viburnumopulus, Sambucusnigra, Sorbusaucuparia is suggested. The technology of processing wild berries includes their preliminary freezing, partial dehydration by osmotic dehydration, and subsequent drying. The resulting osmotic solution is proposed to be used to moisten sugar before its pressing and drying. An important practical aspect of this technological advancement is the possibility to move away from seasonality at sugar factories. Since it is advisable to process wild berries at the end of the beet processing season. To implement the proposed technology, one can use some available equipment. The chromatographic method was applied to analyze the amino acid spectrum of derivative products from processing wild berries; 17 amino acids were identified in their composition, including essential ones. The highest concentration of amino acids (55.47 mg/100 g) was found in the derivative product of Sambucusnigra processing. The least amount of amino acids passes into the product of processing Viburnumopulus (3.63 mg/100 g). The experiment showed that adding to sugar 10 % of the derivatives of the processed wild berries Hippophaerhamnoides L., Viburnumopulus, Sambucusnigra, Sorbusaucuparia has a positive effect on the organoleptic indicators of the finished product. The highest rating for all organoleptic indicators (appearance, taste and smell, purity of the solution) was given to sugar enriched with a derivative of the Hippophaerhamnoides processing product. It contained only 16 amino acids in the amount of 16.14 mg/100 g. Of the found amino acids, the highest concentration was demonstrated by serine (7.43 mg/100 g). The sugar with the addition of the solution after partial dehydration of Viburnumopulus revealed a slight characteristic smell of the additive. In the sugar with the addition of the derivative product of processing Sorbusaucuparia, a pleasant bitterness was felt, indicating the transition of sorbic acid from the fruit to osmotic solution
Development of technology for the production of Turkish delight from melon crops on a natural base
Authors: Petrenko Yelena , Tlevlessova Dinara , Syzdykova Laila , Kuzembayeva Gaukhar , Abdiyeva Karlygash 
Published: July 2022

The reason for the current work is the lack of technology to produce food from the fruits of melon crops, namely oriental sweets like soft sweets, based on processed overripe fruits of melon crops of domestic growth.
The rationale for the need for this research work was the demand for the creation of technology for the manufacture of food, a high percentage of unsold substandard melons and watermelons. As well as the lack of the possibility of processing melon crops near the areas of cultivation and manufacturing sweet products at small and medium-sized enterprises. The development of technology to produce sweet meals will have a positive impact on the expansion of the scope of use of the fruits of melon crops.
The absence of an established mechanism for processing and marketing overripe fruits brings great losses. In this regard, the issue of finding solutions to new ways of selling melon crops is relevant.
The study revealed the possibility of producing Turkish delight from the fruits of watermelon and melon. At the same time, Turkish delight from the pulp of watermelon was more stable than that from melon. The developed oriental sweet product based on the pulp of watermelon outperforms the control sample in all the studied indicators. The mass fraction of fat in the developed product is 0.26 %, which is 0.13 % more than that in raw materials. The mass fraction of protein increased by 0.53 %. In Turkish delight based on watermelon, the carbohydrate content increased by 3.7 times, by 15.1 %. The content of ascorbic acid in watermelon Turkish delight is slightly less, by 7.22 mg/100 g, than that in melon. The developed Turkish delight was stored both under room and refrigeration conditions, the shelf life was 5 days and 21 days, respectively
Implementation of reengineering technology to reduce the terms of the technical preparation of manufacturing of aviation technology assemblies
Authors: Sikulskiy Valeriy , Maiorova Kateryna , Vorobiov Iurii , Boiko Maksym , Komisarov Oleh 
Published: July 2022

The object of this study is the technical preparation of manufacturing (TPM) of aviation technology (AT) using reengineering technology. The task to reduce the terms of TPM AT was tackled while solving direct and inverse problems of shape formation involving reengineering. The study is based on the equation for calculating the labor intensity of creating an assembly unit (AU) as a mathematical model for the formation and accumulation of components of the total labor intensity at all stages. The following results are reported: a scheme has been proposed for linking homogeneous components of an article obtained using the loft-template method (LTM) with digital mock-up (DMU) when applying the reengineering method. The scheme summarizes and structures the reengineering technology to solve direct and inverse shape-formation problems and could be used to solve the tasks of prototyping, manufacturing, and refurbishment of tooling, as well as article control at all stages of production. An example of the helicopter stabilizer shows that when solving the direct shape-formation problem, the labor intensity is from 294.94 to 315.06 man-hours, and when solving the inverse problem ‒ from 194.78 to 213.22 man-hours. A comparative analysis of the labor intensity of TPM revealed a difference of 1.5 times in favor of the labor intensity of solving the inverse problem. Comparing the labor intensity of creating DMU for the stabilizer of a helicopter has made it possible to establish that the labor intensity of solving the inverse problem is 3.7 times less than the labor intensity of solving a direct problem. Recommendations for reducing the terms of TPM AT with the use of reengineering are given. The results could be used to assess the labor intensity and timing of TPM AT and mechanical engineering objects in general when using reengineering technology
Planning optimal operating modes of underground gas storage facilities as part of the gas transmission system
Authors: Prytula Myroslav , Prytula Nazar , Pyanylo Yaroslav , Prytula Zoia , Khymko Olga 
Published: July 2022

The object of this study is underground gas storage facilities (UGSF) as part of the gas transmission system (GTS), in the process of joint operation of which a significant synergistic effect is achieved. The problem under consideration is to ensure the joint effective operation of the integrated UGSF and GTS complex as a single thermal-hydraulic one.
A method of daily calculation of the maximum productivity of underground gas storage facilities has been devised. The optimization potential of UGSF operating modes has been studied. It is shown to range within 11‒20 %. The problems of planning the operation of UGSF have been stated and solved both under gas pumping modes and gas withdrawal modes. An algorithm for planning gas withdrawal modes at intervals of peak-free UGSF operation been developed. The achieved computational complexity of problem-solving algorithms is in the range of 2‒10 seconds. The problem of combining simultaneous operation of UGSF under an optimal mode for fuel gas and ensuring the necessary peak operation of UGSF at projected time intervals has also been considered. The joint UGSF performance was calculated at the projected time intervals according to the established criteria. At the same time, thermal-hydraulic coordination of UGSF operating modes with the operation of the GTS main gas pipeline system with which they are integrated was ensured.
The problem was solved as a result of the implementation of a universal approach to the construction of functional models of complex systems – a single information support, the representation of the structure of the system in terms of graphs, the statement of proper mathematical problems, the development of methods for guaranteed convergence of systems with different mathematical representations of equations, the development of computational algorithms for combinatorial optimization of minimum complexity processes with discrete and irregular influences on their behavior
Development of bus body technologies in terms of corrosion and durability
Authors: Ruban Dmytro , Kraynyk Lubomir , Ruban Hanna , Zakharova Maria , Burmistrov Sergiy , Khotunov Vladyslav , Metelap Volodymyr 
Published: July 2022

The object of this study is the technology of bus bodies and the formation of recommendations for design bodywork subject to the regulated durability of the body introduced into production. Advancing the technology of manufacturing bus bodies implies improving anti-corrosion protection, using new polymeric materials, and reducing the length of welds.
The issue of corrosion resistance of bus bodies has been considered. It is established that the use of new polymeric materials will increase the corrosion resistance of bus bodies while existing technologies weakly protect against corrosion (resource up to 5 years). The peculiarity of this study is that the adhesion of new materials has been tested, with artificial aging, which confirms the durability of glued joints.
According to the old technology, the body was exposed to anticorrosive treatment after welding the cladding with uncovered places left between the frame and body cladding, which provoked corrosion. The main idea is that in the new technology, the cladding is welded or glued after the body frame is fully coated with primer.
New technologies and materials not used in the automotive industry have been proposed. Three variants of technologies were put into production. First: the welding of steel zinc sheets. In welding sites, the frame is covered with conductive primer. It was implemented for school buses (after 7 years, without damage). Second: gluing steel zinc sheets. It was implemented for city buses (after 6 years, without damage). Third: gluing sheets from composite materials not used in the automotive industry. The transition to new adhesive cladding technologies from composite corrosion-resistant materials instead of steel sheet, reduces by 2.5–3 times the length of welds (up to 20 years without damage).
The studies have confirmed the strength of glued joints (cohesion rupture exceeds 95 %). The reliability of glued joints and high corrosion resistance of the body have been confirmed in the operation of buses.
The scope of practical use of the results: bus-building plants.
The reported results are suitable for production of all types while cataphoretic coatings are only for mass production