bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Psychosexual Health After Loop Electrosurgical Excision Procedure (LEEP) among women with Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia in North Indian tertiary Centre: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Gaurav Amrita , Verma Pallavi , Heda Ayush , Kapur Dhriti , Arora Shivaani , Panda Shreya , Khoiwal Kavita , Chaturvedi Jaya 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPURPOSE- Cervical cancer is a leading cause of cancer death in low and middle-income countries (LMICs). Loop Electrosurgical Excision Procedure (LEEP) is a valuable diagnostic and therapeutic tool for Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia Grade 2 or 3 (collectively referred to as CIN2+) lesions on outpatient visits. However, removing a part of the cervix during the procedure might affect a woman’s perception of sexual function This study was planned to assess the effect of LEEP on overall sexual satisfaction and other specific aspects of sexual function in women who are subjected to LEEP as a part of cervical dysplasia management. METHODS- All patients attending OPD at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, India, between October 2020 to March 2021, diagnosed with CIN 2 and CIN 3 lesions and planned for LEEP; were enrolled in our study after taking consent. Women were interviewed regarding their sexual function before the LEEP procedure and after six months while on follow-up with self- structured pre- and post-procedural sexual function questionnaire. RESULTS- 61 sexually active women who underwent LEEP for high-grade CIN2+ lesions were enrolled in the present study. There was significant improvement in pain during vaginal penetration, post coital bleeding, level of anxiety related to sexual life, and overall sexual satisfaction post LEEP procedure. CONCLUSION- The present study concluded that LEEP poses no long-term effect on women's sexuality, with a reduction in dyspareunia and postcoital bleeding, along with improvement in overall sexual function, although small but statistically significant.
Network Intrusion Detection : AReinforcement Learning Approach
Authors: Mondal Biswajit Mondal Biswajit , Banerjee Abhijit Banerjee Dr. Abhijit , Gupta Subir Gupta Dr Subir 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We may expect a substantial influence on cyber security from AI. As cyberattacks get increasingly sophisticated, so do the solutions for protecting a computer system from them. Universities and security agencies are investigating a wide range of ways to put intelligent systems in place to protect systems and to research how AI can bring solutions to many problems that have yet to be solved. A few obstacles hinder AI from making a substantial impact in this field. For the machine learning component of AI, huge organisations are significantly reliant on data, which they are either hesitant to provide or uninformed that they are being targeted. Network intrusion is one of the most obvious ways for attackers to exploit a system’s vulnerabilities. Internet of Things (IoT) will soon be a common feature in our daily lives as it gets increasingly extensively used by businesses, communities, and individuals alike. These additional threats require that the systems and networks to which they are connected be secure and capable of detecting intrusions. Reinforcement learning in the Ensemble architecture, according to its creators, employs a variety of approaches to tackle this problem. Intrusion detection and prevention systems (IDS) and web application firewalls (WAF) will benefit from this new technology.
Activation of autophagy inhibits the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and alleviates sevoflurane induced cognitive dysfunction in elderly rats
Authors: Zhou Junjie , Zhang Chao , Fang Xu , Zhang Naixin , Zhang Xiaoxi , Zhu Zhaoqiong 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Aims/IntroductionAs a common complication in elderly patients after surgery / anesthesia, postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is mainly characterized by memory, attention, motor and intellectual retardation. Neuroinflammation is one of the most uncontroversial views in POCD. The neurotoxicity caadopted by sevoflurane has attracted wide attention in recent years. However, its mechanism has not been determined. The aim of this study was to observe the effects of sevoflurane on cognitive function and the changes of inflammatory indices and autophagy protein expression in prefrontal cortex in aged rats. MethodBefore the experiment, D-galactose was diluted into 125mg/kg of normal saline and injected subcutaneously into the neck and back of rats for 42 days to establish the aging rat model. On the basis of aging rats, Morris water maze experiments were performed, including positioning navigation (5days) and space exploration (1days). POCD model was established by 3.2% sevoflurane inhalation. Rats were treated with or without MCC950, a potent and selective NLRP3 inhibitor, followed by autophagy agonists and autophagy inhibitors. To test the behavior of rats with a water maze, the expressions of NLRP3 inflammasome related proteins and LC3B and P62 autophagy related proteins were detected. ResultsWe found that sevoflurane exposure affected learning and working memory ability in aged rats, and observed microglia activation in prefrontal cortex, NLRP3 protein expression was significantly up-regulated after sevoflurane inhalation. NLRP3 inflammasome activation induced increased expression and mRNA abundance of cleaved Caspase-1, inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18, and increased secretion of peripheral proinflammatory cytokines. Inhibitor MCC950 was used to improve the cognitive ability and the expression of inflammation in rats, and inhibit the secretion of cytokines. In addition, we demonstrated that significant inhibition of autophagy (decreased LC3-II/I and increased P62) was accompanied by increased activation of NLRP3 inflammasomes and more severe neural cell damage. However, administration of the autophagy inhibitor rapamycin to activate autophagy resulted in inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasomes, which ultimately attenuated neuronal injury.ConclusionActivation of autophagy can suppress the formation of NLRP3 inflammasome, furthermore, it can alleviate cognitive impairment in aged rats.
Breast cancer risk stratification based on combined analysis of proliferation and apoptosis.
Authors: Ibrahim Asmaa , Toss Michael , Saleem Mansour Al , Atalla Nehal , Green Andrew , Rakha Emad 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Accurate risk stratification of breast cancer (BC) patients is critical for predicting behaviour and guiding management decision making. Despite the well-established prognostic value of proliferation in BC, the interplay between proliferation and apoptosis remains to be defined. In this study we hypothesised that the combined proliferation and apoptosis index will provide a more accurate in vivo growth rate measure and a precise prognostic indicator in the era of digital pathology and artificial intelligence. Methods and Results: Apoptotic and mitotic figures were counted in whole slide images (WSI) generated from haematoxylin and eosin-stained sections of 1545 early-stage BC cases derived from two well defined BC cohorts. Mitotic and apoptotic figures were counted in defined areas visually using the published criteria. This showed significant correlation between apoptotic and mitotic scores. The morphological scoring technique was shown to be reliable since there was a significant positive correlation between apoptosis score and cleaved caspase-3 expression. High apoptotic counts were associated with features of aggressive behaviour including high grade, high pleomorphism score, and hormonal receptor negativity. Although apoptotic index (AI) was an independent prognostic indicator in multivariate analysis, the prognostic value increased when combined with the mitotic index (MI). BC patients with high MI and high AI (HM/HA) had the shortest survival in terms of BC specific survival (BCSS), distant metastasis (DMFS) and recurrence (RFS) free survival. Differential gene expression analysis (DGE) of the cases in TCGA cohort showed several genes associated with HM/HA subgroup with transcription factor Dp-1 (TFDP1) was the top gene significantly up regulated in this subgroup.Conclusions: Apoptotic cells counted in histological BC sections provides additional prognostic value in BC when combined with mitotic counts. This can be considered when using artificial intelligence algorithms to assess proliferation in BC as a prognostic indicator.
In-vivo Anti-inflammatory, Analgesic and Anti-pyretic Activities of Synthetic Indole Derivatives in Mice
Authors: Siddique Saira , Ahmad Khawaja Raees , Nawaz Syed Kashif , Ali Rabiyah , Ahmad Syeda Nadia , Suleman Sadia 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
BackgroundVarious natural compounds have an aromatic heterocyclic compound “Indole” consists of bicyclic structure as a parent constituent in their composition that is used as an important precursor in many pharmaceutical industries and is widely accepted as a substance of fragrance to many novel compositions. In present study some synthetic indole derivatives are used to check their biological potential by performing anti-inflammatory, analgesic and anti-pyretic activity in albino mice.MethodsAlbino mice of either sex of reproductive age were used for each study and number of animals for each group in respective studies was kept 5. In anti-inflammatory activity, the Negative Control (NC) and Positive Control (PC) group animals were treated with normal saline and 10mg/kg of indomethacin respectively. The treated groups received the twenty four different synthetic chemicals, after 30 minutes of sub cutaneous injection of carrageenan. In analgesic activity, hot-plate method is used and for each group the latency period was recorded at zero moment of the provision of required dose and after 30, 60, 90, 120 and 180 minutes. In anti-pyretic activity, Pyrexia was induced by using Brewer's yeast method. Before any treatment and then after duration of 18 hours, the rectal temperatures were recorded. The animals, which showed the abnormally high rectal temperature, were selected for the further chemical investigation. SPSS.20 software is used for statistical analysis.ResultsThis study helped to screen out the most potent indole derivative 3a-II and 4a-II from the 24 synthetic indole derivatives which demonstrated the best anti-inflammatory, analgesic and anti-pyretic potential as compared to remaining ones. ConclusionThe above findings indicate that only two chemicals 3a-II (N-(4´-Chlorophenyl) (4,6-dimethoxy-2,3-diphenyl-1H-indol-7-yl)methanimine) and 4a-II (N-(4´-Methylphenyl) (4,6-dimethoxy-2,3-diphenyl-1H-indol-7-yl)methanimine) have given the desired effects like anti-inflammatory, analgesic and anti-pyretic.
Incidentally Diagnosed Extraluminal Leiomyosarcoma of Infra Renal Inferior Vena Cava: A Case Report and Literature Review From a Radiologist’s Perspective
Authors: A Ebinesh , Ashta Aanchal , Satyam Satyam , Pradhan Gaurav Shanker , Sharma Rohin , Das Prince 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Vascular leiomyosarcoma is a rare but most common vascular tumor of the inferior vena cava. We present the case of an incidentally diagnosed extraluminal leiomyosarcoma of the inferior vena cava in a 62 year old patient who presented with abdominal pain following blunt trauma. Ultrasonography showed a lobulated hypoechoic lesion in the upper abdomen. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a circumscribed lobulated near homogeneously enhancing retroperitoneal lesion in anterior relation to the infrarenal inferior vena cava, right paramedian in location with imperceptible vena caval lumen at the site of maximum contact. In, positron emission tomography (PET) CT the lesion showed mild fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake with no distant metastases. CT guided biopsy with immunohistochemical analysis showed leiomyosarcoma. Patient underwent surgical resection with inferior vena cava reconstruction. This article also provides a comprehensive literature review of the radiological features of inferior vena caval leiomyosarcoma that would aid in optimal preoperative characterization and evaluation.
Mannose-modified hyaluronic acid nanocapsules for the targeting of tumor associated macrophages
Authors: Fernández-Mariño Iago , Anfray Clement , Crecente-Campo Jose , Maeda Akihiro , Ummarino Aldo , Teijeiro-Valiño Carmen , Blanco-Martínez Dario , Mpambani Francis , Poul Laurence , Devalliere Julie , Germain Matthieu , Correa Juan , Fernandez-Villamarin Marcos , Allavena Paola , Fernandez-Megia Eduardo , Alonso María José , Andon Fernando Torres 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), a class of immune cells that play a key role in tumor immunosuppression, are recognized as important targets to improve cancer prognosis and treatment. Consequently, the engineering of drug delivery nanocarriers that can reach TAMs has acquired special relevance. This work describes the development and biological evaluation of a panel of hyaluronic acid (HA) nanocapsules (NCs), with different compositions and prepared by different techniques, designed to target macrophages. The results showed that plain HA NCs did not significantly influence the polarization of M0 and M2 macrophages towards an M1 pro-inflammatory phenotype, however, the chemical functionalization of HA with mannose (HA-Man) led to a significant increase of NCs uptake by M2 macrophages in vitro and to an improved biodistribution in a MN/MNCA1 fibrosarcoma mouse model with high infiltration of TAMs. These functionalized HA-Man NCs showed a higher accumulation in the tumor compared to non-modified HA NCs. Finally, the pre-administration of the liposomal liver occupying agent Nanoprimer TM further increased the accumulation of the HA-Man NCs in the tumor. This work highlights the promise shown by the HA-Man NCs to target TAMs, and thus, provides new options for the development of nanomedicine and immunotherapy-based cancer treatments.
The impact of secondhand smoke on the development of kidney stone disease is not inferior to that of smoking: a longitudinal cohort study
Authors: Chen Yi-Hsuan , Lee Jia-In , Shen Jung-Tsung , Wu Yi-Hsuan , Tsao Yao-Hsuan , Jhan Jhen-Hao , Wang Hsun-Shuan , Lee Yung-Chin , Huang Shu-Pin , Chen Szu-Chia , Geng Jiun-Hung 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to examine the effects of smoking and secondhand smoke (SHS) on the development of kidney stone disease (KSD). Materials and Methods: We analyzed a total of 25,256 volunteers with no history of KSD participated in the Taiwan Biobank. The presence of underlying and follow-up KSD was surveyed by a questionnaire asking. They were classified into three groups on the basis of smoking and SHS exposure, accessed with survey questionnaires; never-smokers with no SHS exposure, never-smokers with SHS exposure and ever-smokers groups.Results: KSD was noted in 352 (2.0%), 50 (3.3%) and 240 (4.1%) subjects in the never-smokers with no SHS exposure, never-smokers with SHS exposure and ever-smokers groups, respectively, with a mean follow-up of 4 years. The odds ratio (OR) of KSD was higher in the never-smokers with SHS exposure (OR, 1.622; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.225 to 2.255) and ever-smokers groups (OR, 1.282; 95% CI, 1.044 to 1.574) than in the never-smokers with no SHS exposure group after adjustment of confounders. In addition, never-smokers with SHS exposure had similar effects on the development of KSD than ever-smokers (OR, 1.223; 95% CI, 0.852 to 1.756). Conclusion: Our study suggests that both smoking and SHS are a risk factor for developing KSD and that the impact of SHS is not inferior to that of smoking. Trial registration: The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the Institutional Review Board of Kaohsiung Medical Univer-sity Hospital (KMUHIRB-E(I)-20210058).
Normalization-based Residual Attention Network for Single Image Super-Resolution
Authors: Li Xiang , Zhang Juan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Deep convolution-based single image super-resolution networks has achieved good performance in single image super-resolution(SISR). However, we observe that deeper networks for image super-resolution will improve the complexity for training networks and computational cost. On the other hand, as the layers of neural networks improve, it’s easy to lose the long-term information from preceding layers and ignore the latent relationship of features.To address these issues,this paper proposes a normalization-based residual attention network(NRAN) for single image super-resolution, which can improve the representational ability of network. The input low-resolution(LR) features are extracted via shallow feature extraction part, then we propose an normalization-based residual attention block(NRAB) in deep feature extraction part to improve the feature obtaining ability and feature correlations. Furthermore, in order to obtain better reconstructed image, we design a multi-scale feature reconstruction module(MFRM) to fuse multi-scale features. The experimental results show that our method is superior to other methods in evaluation metrics and visual results.
p53-dependent DNA repair during the DNA damage response requires actin nucleation by JMY
Authors: Rodriguez-Pastrana Ignacio , Birli Eleni , Coutts Amanda 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The tumour suppressor p53 is a nuclear transcription factor with key roles during DNA damage to enable a variety of cellular responses including cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and DNA repair. JMY is an actin nucleator and DNA damage-responsive protein whose subcellular localisation is responsive to stress and during DNA damage JMY undergoes nuclear accumulation. To gain an understanding of the wider role for nuclear JMY in transcriptional regulation, we performed transcriptomics to identify JMY-mediated changes in gene expression during the DNA damage response. We show that JMY is required for effective regulation of key p53 target genes involved in DNA repair, including XPC, XRCC5 (Ku80) and TP53I3 (PIG3). Moreover, JMY depletion or knockout leads to increased DNA damage and nuclear JMY requires its Arp2/3-dependent actin nucleation function to promote the clearance of DNA lesions. In human patient samples a lack of JMY is associated with increased tumour mutation count and in cells results in reduced cell survival and increased sensitivity to DNA damage response kinase inhibition. Collectively, we demonstrate that JMY enables p53-dependent DNA repair under genotoxic stress and suggest a role for actin in JMY nuclear activity during the DNA damage response.
Biological activity of new bioactive steroids deriving from biotransformation of cortisone
Authors: Costa Stefania , Tedeschi Paola , Ferraro Luca , Beggiato Sarah , Grandini Alessandro , Manfredini Stefano , Buzzi Raissa , Sacchetti Gianni , Valacchi Giuseppe 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Cortisone is a metabolite belonging to the corticosteroid class that is used pharmaceutically directly as a drug or prodrug. In addition to its large consumption, its use is linked to several side effects, so pharmaceutical research aims to develop effective drugs with low or no side effects, alternative compounds to cortisone are part of an active investment in ongoing research on drug discovery. The field of biotechnology, particularly biotransformation, can be considered a source of new molecules with potential therapeutic use.The present work focuses on a preliminary in vitro study aimed at evaluating the mutagenic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and neuroprotective activity of SCA and SCB molecules obtained from the biotransformation of cortisone using Rh. Rhodnii strain DSM 43960. The results obtained are very encouraging, in fact the compounds studied can be considered as non-genotoxic for Ames test, presented a very high antioxidant capacity and regarding the anti-inflammatory activity both compounds inhibited the TNF alpha-stimulated expression and secretion of NFkB target cytokines, also inhibited COX activity and can activate the glucocorticoid receptor. Finally SCA and SCB display neuroprotective properties.
Dynamics of Cattaneo-Christov heat flux and chemical reaction in Walters’ B fluid through a porous medium with Newtonian heating and heat generation/absorption
Authors: Akinbo B. J. , Olajuwon B. I. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In this work, two-dimensional boundary layer of Walters’ B fluid is examined in a porous medium along an exponential stretching sheet. The Cattaneo-Christov flux model is considered in the heat equation which describes the thermal relaxation time in the presence of Viscous dissipation and heat generation/absorption with Newtonian heating. By the means of appropriate variables, dimensionless equations which are responsible for the analysis of the problem are obtained and tackled through Homotopy Analysis Method. The result pin-point among the major findings that variation in the values of Newtonian heating and heat generation opens the path for the thermal influence to infiltrate quiescent fluid which in application contribute to the drying of electronic panels and other materials while the presence of local Weissenberg number invokes viscoelasticity impact which are essentials for polymer processing in science and engineering disciplines.
Theoretical evaluation of boron carbide nanotubes as non-enzymatic glucose sensors
Authors: Abudnejad Nastern , Salehpour Mahboobeh , Saadati Zohreh 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Potential applicability of boron carbide nanotube (BCN) and its Al doped analogue (Al-BCN) as glucose (GLU) sensor is investigated using density functional theory (DFT) method. Adsorption of GLU on top of pristine BCN leads to an Eads, enthalpy and Gibbs free energy changes (ΔH and ΔG) of -14.10, -14.00, and − 0.72 kcal.mol− 1, respectively. Frontier molecular orbitals (FMO) analysis reveals that the electronic properties of pristine nanotube are not sensitive to the presence the GLU molecule. To measure the effect of doping method on the sensitivity of BCN toward GLU, two boron atoms are replaced by Al ones. The adsorption energy, in this case, is about − 24.10 kcal.mol− 1. The ΔH and ΔG resulted by the GLU adsorption on the Al-BCN surface are calculated to be -23.89 and − 10.85 kcal.mol− 1, respectively. The Eg of Al-BCN decreases by about 19.11% upon adsorption process and electronic properties of Al-BCN are more sensitive to the presence of GLU molecule. Detection power of Al-BCN is about 1.8 higher than that of pristine BCN. The required time for desorption of GLU from pristine and doped BCN is calculated to be 2.12 × 10− 6 and 4.60 × 10− 1 s, respectively.