bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of the effects of Bosentan and Sildenafil in treatment of Patent ductus arteriosus and pulmonary arterial hypertension in preterm infants : A randomized clinical trial.
Authors: Radgoudarzi Mohammad , Mazouri Ali , Taherifard Pegah , Javid Asma , Fathi Elaheh 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a common disorder in preterm neonates caused by patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). Although both sildenafil and bosentan have been shown to improve PAH, there is no study to compare the effect of these drugs in improving preterm infants with hemodynamically significant PDA and PAH. This study aimed to compare the therapeutic efficacy, safety, and possible side effects of combined therapies with Apotel + Bosentan, Apotel + Sildenafil, and Apotel alone in treating PDA and PAH in preterm infants. Methods: This clinical trial was conducted on 150 preterm neonates with PDA and PAH. Neonates were then divided into three groups and orally administrated with Apotel alone (10 mg/kg), Apotel (10 mg/kg) + Sildenafil (1 mg/kg), and Apotel (10 mg/kg) + Bosentan (1 mg/kg). Echocardiographic examination was performed before and 72h after the intervention. Results: Treatments with Apotel, Apotel + sildenafil, and Apotel + bosentan significantly decreased the mean of RV1, RV2, RV3, RVEDA, RVESA, RV/LV, TR intensity, TR PG, PI PG, and MPA diameter compared to before intervention (p<0.01). The mean of TAPSE after Apotel, Apotel + sildenafil, and Apotel + Bosentan administrations was significantly increased compared to before the study, indicating improvement in RV performance (p<0.01). The frequency of BPD and ROP in Apotel group (7.7% and 19.2%, respectively) was significantly lower than that in Apotel + sildenafil group (30% and 45%, respectively) and Apotel + bosentan (25% and 40%, respectively) groups (p<0.05). Conclusion: Oral administration of sildenafil and bosentan improved cardiac index beside its side effects in preterm infants PAH and PDA. Future clinical trial studies with larger sample sizes and long-term follow-up on term or near term neonates are recommended. Trial registration: IR.IUMS.FMD.REC.1399.430
Cellcano: supervised cell type identification for single cell ATAC-seq data
Authors: Ma Wenjing , Lu Jiaying , Wu Hao 
Published: August 2022

AbstractComputational cell type identification (celltyping) is a fundamental step in single-cell omics data analysis. Supervised celltyping methods have gained increasing popularity in single-cell RNA-seq data because of the superior performance and the availability of high-quality reference datasets. Recent technological advances in profiling chromatin accessibility at single-cell resolution (scATAC-seq) have brought new insights to the understanding of epigenetic heterogeneity. With continuous accumulation of scATAC-seq datasets, supervised celltyping method specifically designed for scATAC-seq is in urgent need. In this work, we develop Cellcano, a novel computational method based on a two-round supervised learning algorithm to identify cell types from scATAC-seq data. The method alleviates the distributional shift between reference and target data and improves the prediction performance. We systematically benchmark Cellcano on 50 well-designed experiments from various datasets and show that Cellcano is accurate, robust, and computational efficient. Cellcano is well-documented and freely available at https://marvinquiet.github.io/Cellcano/.
Programming in The Context of Civil Engineering Education
Authors: Talaat Abdalla , Kohail Mohamed , Ahmed Sayed M. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The potential of computing in education can be easily visualized by comparing manual calculations to using spreadsheets. The various benefits range from easing repetitive tasks to visualizing data. It also grants the ability to explore without being hindered by heavy computational burdens. Programming is one computing tool that is mostly neglected in civil engineering education, where to the modern civil engineer computing may be viewed as only using commercially available software. But how can programming be used in a civil engineering class? This paper aims to answer this question by illustrating three different examples of programs written using python programming language to create impactful visualizations and engaging projects. Programming can be used in-class by educators to create visualizations and interactive sessions, or by students to train their algorithmic-thinking problem-solving skills. Though there are many barriers that obstruct implementing computing into civil engineering classes, they can be mitigated by using python.
Formulation of Biogreases derived from Mahua and Karanja Oil
Authors: Agrawal Amit , Karadbhajne Vijay , Agrawal Pratibha , Bawa Sakshi , Tiwari Richa , Mur S Srinivasan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The present study reports the parametric investigation conducted on the formulation of biofuels, biolubricant/ biogrease from Mahua (Madhuca Indica) oil and Karanja (Pongamia Pinnata) oil. Biogrease complex has been formulated in 90:10, 80:20 and 70:30 oil/soap ratios for thickness from the oils, their methyl esters and the tri-esters. The experimental results show that the biogrease prepared from Karanja TMP triester showed a drop point of 176 ℃ which was higher as compared to biogrease prepared from Mahua TMP triester which showed a drop point of 172 ℃. The water wash out resistance for both the biogreases was found to be 7%, which is comparable with conventional greases. Based on the cone penetration index, both the biogrease samples were found to fall in NLGI Grade 2 of greases, which is the most common grade of conventionally used greases. Such Biogreases can be effectively used in applications where these greases are directly released into the open atmosphere after their use like agriculture or marine machines and vehicles.
Effective factors of improved helmet use in motorcyclists: a systematic review
Authors: Sharif Pouya Mahdavi , Pazooki Sara Najafi , Ghodsi Zahra , Nouri Ahmad , Ghoroghchi Hamed Abbasizade , Tabrizi Reza , Shafieian Mehdi , Heydari Seyed Taghi , Atlasi Rasha , Sharif-Alhoseini Mahdi , Ansari-Moghaddam Alireza , O'Reilly Gerard , Rahimi-Movaghar Vafa 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Road traffic injuries (RTI) are one of the most prominent causes of morbidity and mortality, especially among children and young adults. Motorcycle crashes constitute a significant part of RTIs. Policymakers believe that safety helmets are the single most important protection against motorcycle-related injuries. However, motorcyclists are not wearing helmets at desirable rates. This study systematically investigated factors that are positively associated with helmet usage among the two-wheeled motorcycle riders.Methods: We performed a systematic search on PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane library with relevant keywords. No language, date of publication, or methodological restrictions were applied. All the articles that had evaluated the factors associated with helmet-wearing behavior and were published before December 31, 2021, were included in our study, and underwent data extraction. To assess the quality of the included articles, we adopted the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale checklist.Results: A total of 50 articles were included. Most evidence suggests that helmet usage is more common among drivers (compared to passengers), women, middle-aged adults, those with higher educations, married individuals, license holders, and helmet owners. Moreover, the helmet usage rate is higher on highways and central city roads and during mornings and weekdays. Travelers of longer distances, more frequent users, and riders of motorcycles with larger engines use safety helmets more commonly. Non-helmet-using drivers seem to have acceptable awareness of mandatory helmet laws and knowledge about their protective role against head injuries. Importantly, the complaint about helmet discomfort is somehow common among helmet-using drivers.Conclusions: To enhance helmet usage, policymakers should emphasize the vulnerability of passengers and children to RTIs, and that fatal crashes occur on low-capacity roads and during cruising at low speeds. Monitoring by police should expand to late hours of days, weekends, and lower capacity and less-trafficked roads. Aiming to enhance the acceptance of other law-abiding behaviors (e.g., wearing seat belts, riding within the speed limits, etc.), especially among youth and young adults, will enhance the prevalence of helmet-wearing behavior among motorcycle riders. Interventions should put their focus on improving the attitudes of riders regarding safety helmets, as there is acceptable knowledge of their benefits.
On Transportation, Economic Agglomeration and CO2 Emission in China, 2003-17
Authors: yao shujie , Zhang Xiaoqian , zheng weiwei 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This paper studies how transportation infrastructure affects carbon emission from the urban economic agglomeration perspective. Using 281 Chinese cities in 2003-17, a Moran’s I index is used to test the spatial distribution characteristics of transportation infrastructure and carbon emission. A spatial Durbin model is also employed to explore the spatial spillover effect of transportation infrastructure on carbon emission. In addition, economic agglomeration is used as a transmission mechanism between the two variables. The empirical results show that: ① There is a significant spatial autocorrelation between transportation infrastructure and carbon emission, which is not only affected by the relevant factors of the region under concern, but also by the similar factors of the surrounding regions; ②Transportation infrastructure significantly aggravates carbon emission, whose “neighboring effect” is surprisingly more potent than the “local effect”; ③Economic agglomeration is a valid transmission channel through which transportation infrastructure affects carbon emission, whose intensity, however, varies with the level of economic agglomeration. Cities with low economic agglomeration have a greater impact on carbon emission than those with high economic agglomeration.
Recent changes in the mutational dynamics of the SARS-CoV-2 main-protease substantiate the danger of emerging resistance to antiviral drugs.
Authors: Gruber Christian , Parigger Lena , Krassnigg Andreas , Schopper Tobias , Singh Amit , Tappler Katharina , Köchl Katharina , Hetmann Michael , Gruber Karl , Steinkellner Georg 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

The current COVID-19 pandemic poses a challenge to medical professionals and the general public alike. In addition to vaccination programs and nontherapeutic measures being employed worldwide to encounter SARS-CoV-2, great efforts have been made towards drug development and evaluation. In particular, the main protease (Mpro) makes an attractive drug target due to its high level characterization and relatively little similarity to host proteases. Essentially, antiviral strategies are vulnerable to the effects of viral mutation and an early detection of arising resistances supports a timely counteraction in drug development and deployment. Here we show a significant recent event of mutational dynamics in Mpro. Although the protease hasa prioribeen expected to be relatively conserved, we report a remarkable increase in mutational variability in an eight-residue long consecutive region near the active site since December 2021. The location of this event in close proximity to an antiviral-drug binding site may suggest the onset of the development of antiviral resistance. Our findings emphasize the importance of monitoring the mutational dynamics of Mprotogether with possible consequences arising from amino-acid exchanges emerging in regions critical with regard to the susceptibility of the virus to antivirals targeting the protease.
Biodegradable Products from renewable sources: Impact on Replacing Single Use Plastic for Protecting the Environment
Authors: kothakota Anjineyulu , Raghunathan Rakesh , Nelluri Puja , Rajendran Dileepmon , Pandiselvam Ravi , Thulasiraman Venkatesh , Sahoo Sushanta Kumar , Pillai Saju , Jerome Rifna Elnjikkal 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Plastics are ubiquitous in many sectors including, but not limited to, construction, textiles, electronics and transportation. The immoderate use of single-use plastics has wreaked havoc on society. The intensifying environmental pollution and waste accumulation have driven the scientific communities and industries to shift their focus on biodegradable materials. An ecofriendly and sustainable economic system demands proper usage of raw materials and substitution of fossil fuel-based resources with renewable materials. Of late, bio-based constituents have attracted considerable attention from the public in view of ecological safety and economic interests. Bio-based sources are cost-effective, reusable, sustainable, clean and reduce the ecological footprint. Biopolymers can be derived from biomass (polysaccharides, proteins, lipids), bio-derived substances (polylactate) or from microorganisms (PHB, PHA, Xanthum gum). The commonly used polysaccharides include starch, cellulose, gums and chitosan. However, the hydrophilic nature of most of the polysaccharides affects the physical and mechanical properties and is not on par with the synthetic plastics that are generally used. In order to expand the applications of biodegradable polymers in various sectors, it is imperative to address the challenges associated with gas permeability, processing method, thermal stability etc. Various physical and chemical modification methods are employed to overcome these limitations. Creating awareness among the public and encouraging them to use renewable sources is important. There is a strong need to develop innovative biodegradable products and promote them by fostering collaboration among entrepreneurs, researchers and the government. This paper provides an overview of the biodegradable materials that can be produced from different sources such as vegetable and fruit waste, cereals and pulses waste, seaweeds, animal waste, wood waste, traditional sources and aims to address the current limitations and indicate the future directions.
Evaluation of immunological characteristics and prognosis in melanoma patients using an endoplasmic reticulum stress-associated signature based on bioinformatic analysis
Authors: Hounye Alphonse Houssou , Hu Bingqian , Wang Zheng , Wang Jiaoju , Cao Cong , Zhang Jianglin , Hou Muzhou , Qi Min 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose: We aimed to develop endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-related risk signature to predict the prognosis of melanoma and elucidate the immune characteristics and benefit of immunotherapy in ER-related risk score-defined subgroups of melanoma based on a machine learning algorithm.Methods: Based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) melanoma dataset (n = 471) and GTEx database (n=813), 365 differentially expressed ER-associated genes were selected using the univariate Cox model and Lasso penalty Cox model. Ten genes impacting OS were identified to construct an ER-related signature by using the multivariate Cox regression method and validated with the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) dataset. Thereafter, the immune features and the clinical benefit of anticancer immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy in risk score subgroups were analysed.Results: The ER-related risk score was constructed based on the ARNTL, AGO1, TXN, SORL1, CHD7, EGFR, KIT, HLA-DRB1 KCNA2, and EDNRB genes. The high ER stress-related risk score group patients had a poorer overall survival (OS) than the low-risk score group patients, consistent with the results in the GEO cohort. The combined results suggested that a high ER stress-related risk score was associated with cell adhesion, gamma phagocytosis, cation transport, cell surface cell adhesion, KRAS signalling, CD4 T cells, M1 macrophages, naive B cells, natural killer (NK) cells, and eosinophils and less benefitted from ICI therapy.Conclusion: Based on the expression patterns of ER stress-related genes, we created an appropriate predictive model, which can also help distinguish the immune characteristics and the clinical benefit of ICI therapy.
Vitis vinefera L. DNA preparation for third-generation sequencing
Authors: Bibi Androniki C , Kollias Anastasios , Astrinaki Maria , Vassou Despoina , Kafetzopoulos Dimitris , Kalantidis Kriton , Moschou Panagiotis N. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Several approaches have been proposed to sequence the genome of Vitis vinifera L. (grapevine), utilizing low-resolution second-generation platforms that lead to partial coverage and low-quality reads. Nevertheless, the characterization of the grapevine genetic resources could be better addressed through extensive and high-resolution genome sequencing. MinION is a third-generation sequencer preferred by many laboratories due to its relatively low cost, ease of use, and small size. To exploit MinION at its full potential, it requires high-quality DNA which is difficult to obtain in grapevine. Here we establish a workflow for DNA for MinION sequencing long reads from grapevine. This protocol was tested with undeveloped leaves, apex, helices, petioles, and 4th leaves samples. In addition, a circulomic size selection approach was tested to provide an unparalleled size of DNA reads. Our results suggest that longer reads of grapevine DNA associate with the use of fresh undeveloped tissue and adjusted conditions for the purification of cell nuclei. Short read elimination protocol increased N50 read length with a reasonable compromise for overall data yield. Our workflow presents a significant advancement for long-read quality DNA isolation for grapevine, providing also technical considerations for high-quality DNA preparation compatible with MinION from plants.
Quantitative analysis of generic Cefixime in healthy subjects using UPLC-MS/MS and its bioavailability and pharmacokinetics evaluation utilization
Authors: Subiakto Yuli , Rismawan Haris , Tuba Syahrul 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This study aims to compare the bioavailability of Lafsefik Dry Syrup (Lafsefik DS) containing 100 mg/5 ml cefixime with Suprax Oral Suspension (Suprax OS). The bioequivalence test was carried out with a cross-sectional study design with two stages, a randomized, crossover, two-way, double-blind, single-dose control, with pharmacokinetic parameters including AUC 0-t, Cmax, Tmax T1/2, which included 21 male and female healthy adult individuals under fasting conditions. Blood plasma levels were measured using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC–MS/MS). The comparative dissolution test for the Lafsefik DS test drug product was 28.82% at pH 1.2, 62.99% at pH 4.5, and 69.90% at pH 6.8, as indicated by the F2 value. The F2 value was <50% with Suprax OS at pH 1.2 and >50% at pH 4.5 and pH 6.8. The results of the bioequivalence test showed AUC0-32= 22,857±7,639 ng ml-1 hour, AUC0-inf = 23,440±7,720 ng mL-1.hour, Cmax = 2,695± 858 ng mL-1, Tmax= 4.05 ±0.79 hours, and T½= 3.98 ± 0.38 hours. The values of the Suprax OS innovator were AUC0-32 = 21,496±5,849 ng mL-1.hour, AUC0-inf = 22,032.±5,863 ng mL-1hour, Cmax = 2,561±554 ng mL-1, Tmax = 4.19 ±0.84 hours, and T½ = 4.02 ±0.51 hours. The geometric mean ratio of test drug to innovator drug (90% CI) showed bioequivalence with values ​​of AUC0-32= 104.71% (98.13-111.23), Cmax= 102.61% (95.79-109.61), CV intrasubject of AUC0-32= 11.70%, and Cmax = 11.31%. The Lafsefik DS test drug product shows a similarity of an F2 value >50% and is bioequivalent to the comparison drug product.
Estimating the risk of incident SARS-CoV-2 infection among healthcare workers in quarantine hospitals: the Egyptian example
Authors: Jijón Sofía , Shafie Ahmad Al , Hassan Essam ,   EMAE-MESuRS working group on nosocomial SARS-CoV-2 modeling, Temime Laura , Jean Kévin , El-Kassas Mohamed 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

In response to the COVID-19 epidemic, Egypt established a unique care model based on quarantine hospitals where only externally-referred confirmed COVID-19 patients were admitted, and healthcare workers resided continuously over 1- to 2-week working shifts. While the COVID-19 risk for HCWs has been widely reported in standard healthcare settings, it has not been evaluated yet in quarantine hospitals. Here, we relied on longitudinal data, including results of routine RT-PCR tests, collected within three quarantine hospitals located in Cairo and Fayoum, Egypt. Using a mathematical model accounting for the time-since-exposure variation in false-negative rates of RT-PCR tests, we computed the incidence rate of SARS-CoV-2 infection among HCWs. Our results thus unveil the proportion of infections remaining undiagnosed despite routine testing. We estimated that the risk for an HCW to be infected during a working shift lied within the range of risk levels previously documented in standard healthcare settings for two quarantine hospitals, whereas it was > 3-fold higher for the third hospital. This large variation suggests that HCWs from quarantine hospitals may face a high occupational risk of infection, but that, with sufficient infection control measures, this risk can be brought down to levels similar to those observed in standard healthcare settings.
Febrile illness in high-risk children: a prospective, international observational study
Authors: Velden Fabian J.S. van der , de Vries Gabriella , Martin Alexander , Lim Emma , von Both Ulrich , Kolberg Laura , Carrol Enitan D. , Khanijau Aakash , Herberg Jethro A. , De Tisham , Galassini Rachel , Kuijpers Taco W. , Martinón-Torres Federico , Rivero-Calle Irene , Vermont Clementien L. , Hagedoorn Nienke N. , Pokorn Marko , Pollard Andrew J. , Schlapbach Luregn J. , Tsolia Maria , Elefhteriou Irini , Yeung Shunmay , Zavadska Dace , Fink Colin , Voice Marie , Zenz Werner , Kohlmaier Benno , Agyeman Philipp K.A. , Usuf Effua , Secka Fatou , de Groot Ronald , Levin Michael , Flier Michiel van der , Emonts Marieke , Consortium PERFORM 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
PurposeTo assess and describe the aetiology and management of febrile illness in children with primary or acquired immunodeficiency at high-risk of serious bacterial infection, as seen in emergency departments in tertiary hospitals.MethodsProspective data on demographics, presenting features, investigations, microbiology, management, and outcome of patients within the ‘Biomarker Validation in HR patients’ database in PERFORM, were analysed. Immunocompromised children (<18 years old) presented to fifteen European hospitals in nine countries, and one Gambian hospital, with fever or suspected infection and clinical indication for blood investigations. Febrile episodes were assigned clinical phenotypes using the validated PERFORM algorithm. Logistic regression was used to assess effect size of predictive features of proven/presumed bacterial or viral infection.Results599 episodes in 482 children were analysed. Only 78 episodes (13.0%) were definite bacterial, 55 definite viral (9.2%), and 190 were unknown bacterial or viral infections (31.7%). Predictive features of proven/presumed bacterial infection were ill appearance (OR 3.1 (95%CI 2.1-4.6)) and HIV (OR 10.4 (95%CI 2.0-54.4)). Ill appearance reduced the odds of having a proven/presumed viral infection (OR 0.5 (95%CI 0.3-0.9)). 82.1% had new empirical antibiotics started on admission (N=492); 94.3% of proven/presumed bacterial, 66.1% of proven/presumed viral, and 93.2% of unknown bacterial or viral infections. Mortality was 1.9% and 87.1% made full recovery. ConclusionsAetiology of febrile illness in immunocompromised children is diverse. In one-third of cases no cause for the fever will be identified. Justification for standard intravenous antibiotic treatment for every febrile immunocompromised child is debatable, yet effective. Better clinical decision-making tools and new biomarkers are needed for this population.