bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A concert for babies: Attentional, affective, and motor responses in an infant audience
Authors: Kragness Haley E. , Berezowska Bryna , Cirelli Laura K. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMany of our most powerful musical experiences are shared with others, and researchers have increasingly investigated responses to music in group contexts. Though musical performances for infants are growing in popularity, most research on infants’ responses to live music has focused on solitary caregiver‐infant pairs. Here, we report infants’ attentional, affective, and motor responses to live music as audience members. Two groups of caregiver‐infant (6–18 months) pairs (50 total) watched a short musical performance with two song styles – lullaby and playsong. Caregivers were instructed to watch passively or interactively. The playsong captured more infant attention and, especially in the interactive condition, elicited more infant smiles. Notably, infant attention was more coordinated with their own caregiver than a random caregiver, and infants with no experience attending group musical events in the past were especially attentive to the performance. Infants were more likely to generate movements when parents remained still. Overall, infants’ responses to live musical performance in an audience were influenced by song style, caregiver behavior, and their own musical histories. A video abstract of this article can be viewed at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q61qnDMW8dU.Research Highlights
Infants’ responses to live musical performances are shaped by the music, by their caregivers, and by their own musical histories
During a concert for babies, a playsong more effectively elicited infant attention and smiles than a lullaby, especially when caregivers were interactive
Infant attention was more coordinated with their own caregiver than with other caregivers watching the same show
The effect of population aging on pension enforcement: Do firms bear the burden?
Authors: Zhang Jiakai , Zhao Renjie 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPopulation aging is widely assumed to have detrimental effects on economic development, especially through an increased social security burden. This paper starts with the potential problems of the pension system in China. We investigate how local governments respond to population aging and the impact of population aging on the firm pension contributions using administrative data from the period 2008–2015. We present three findings. First, population aging increases the pension contributions of firms. Second, fiscal pressure is the channel through which population aging affects pension enforcement. Last, the pension administration system could affect the net impact of population aging.
Training the equine respiratory muscles: Inspiratory muscle strength
Authors: Fitzharris Laura E. , Hezzell Melanie J. , McConnell Alison K. , Allen Kate J. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundLittle is known about the response of the equine respiratory muscles to training.ObjectivesTo measure an index of inspiratory muscle strength (IMSi) before and after a period of conventional exercise training (phase 1) and inspiratory muscle training (IMT), comparing high‐load (treatment) and low‐load (control) groups (phase 2).Study designProspective randomised controlled trial.MethodsPhase 1: Twenty National Hunt Thoroughbred racehorses performed an inspiratory muscle strength test (IMST) twice on two occasions; when unfit at timepoint A (July), and when race fit at timepoint B (October). Phase 2: Thirty‐five Thoroughbred racehorses at race fitness were randomly assigned into a high‐load (treatment, n = 20) or low‐load (control, n = 15) IMT group. The high‐load group followed an IMT protocol that gradually increased the inspiratory pressure applied every 4 days. The low‐load group underwent sham IMT with a low training load. The IMT was performed 5 days/week for 10 weeks. The IMST was performed twice on two occasions, timepoint B (October) and timepoint C (January). Conventional exercise training and racing continued during the study period. The peak IMSi values obtained from the different groups at timepoints A, B and C were compared using a Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test.ResultsPhase 1: There was a significant increase in IMSi from timepoint A: 22.5 cmH2O (21–25) to timepoint B: 26 cmH2O (24–30) (p = 0.015). Phase 2: From timepoint B to C there was a significant increase in IMSi for the high‐load group 34 cmH2O (28–36) (p = 0.001) but not the low‐load group 26 cmH2O (24–30) (p = 0.929). The peak IMSi at timepoint C was significantly higher for the high‐load than low‐load group (p = 0.019).Main limitationsSingle centre study with only National Hunt horses undergoing race‐training included.ConclusionsIn horses undergoing race training there is a significant increase in IMSi in response to conventional exercise training and high‐load IMT.
Environmental Concerns and Impression Offsetting: New Evidence on Dividend Payout
Authors: Wang Ying , Li Mingsheng , Kamar Amina 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe apply the impression management theory and propose that firms located in more polluted areas have strong incentives to offset the negative perceptions of their local area pollution due to shareholders’ environmental concerns. In terms of dividend policy, we predict and find that location greenness (LG), a proxy for environmental image, negatively affects firms’ dividend payouts. The effect is more pronounced for firms with high information asymmetry and agency costs. The dividend payouts due to LG have a larger impact on agency cost reductions than regular dividends. Firms use dividends and social engagements as substitutes to enhance their reputation.
Cover crop functional types differentially alter the content and composition of soil organic carbon in particulate and mineral‐associated fractions
Authors: Zhang Ziliang , Kaye Jason P. , Bradley Brosi A. , Amsili Joseph P. , Suseela Vidya 
Published: June 2022

AbstractCover crops (CCs) can increase soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration by providing additional OC residues, recruiting beneficial soil microbiota, and improving soil aggregation and structure. The various CC species that belong to distinct plant functional types (PFTs) may differentially impact SOC formation and stabilization. Biogeochemical theory suggests that selection of PFTs with distinct litter quality (C:N ratio) should influence the pathways and magnitude of SOC sequestration. Yet, we lack knowledge on the effect of CCs from different PFTs on the quantity and composition of physiochemical pools of SOC. We sampled soils under monocultures of three CC PFTs (legume [crimson clover]; grass [triticale]; and brassica [canola]) and a mixture of these three species, from a long‐term CC experiment in Pennsylvania, USA. We measured C content in bulk soil and C content and composition in contrasting physical fractions: particulate organic matter, POM; and mineral‐associated organic matter, MAOM. The bulk SOC content was higher in all CC treatments compared to the fallow. Compared to the legume, monocultures of grass and brassica with lower litter quality (wider C:N) had higher proportion of plant‐derived C in POM, indicating selective preservation of complex structural plant compounds. In contrast, soils under legumes had greater accumulation of microbial‐derived C in MAOM. Our results for the first time, revealed that the mixture contributed to a higher concentration of plant‐derived compounds in POM relative to the legume, and a greater accumulation of microbial‐derived C in MAOM compared to monocultures of grass and brassica. Mixtures with all three PFTs can thus increase the short‐ and long‐term SOC persistence balancing the contrasting effects on the chemistries in POM and MAOM imposed by monoculture CC PFTs. Thus, despite different cumulative C inputs in CC treatments from different PFTs, the total SOC stocks did not vary between CC PFTs, rather PFTs impacted whether C accumulated in POM or MAOM fractions. This highlights that CCs of different PFTs may shift the dominant SOC formation pathways (POM vs. MAOM), subsequently impacting short‐ and long‐term SOC stabilization and stocks. Our work provides a strong applied field test of biogeochemical theory linking litter quality to pathways of C accrual in soil.
Celecoxib attenuates hepatosteatosis by impairing de novo lipogenesis via Akt‐dependent lipogenic pathway
Authors: Zhang Cong , Lu Yuzhen , Song Yingying , Chen Liang , Hu Junjie , Meng Yan , Chen Xin , Li Shan , Zheng Guohua , Qiu Zhenpeng 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMounting evidence indicates that hepatic de novo lipogenesis is a common abnormality in non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) patients. We investigated whether a selective COX‐2 inhibitor, celecoxib, alleviates hepatic steatosis by targeting an Akt‐driven lipogenic pathway. We estimated the efficacy of celecoxib in a novel Akt‐driven NAFLD mouse model established via hydrodynamic transfection of activated forms of AKT and in fructose‐fed NAFLD mice that exhibited increased insulin‐independent hepatic lipogenesis. AKT‐transfected and insulin‐stimulated human hepatoma cells were used for the in vitro experiments. Haematoxylin and eosin staining, immunohistochemistry and immunoblotting were performed for mechanistic studies. The results revealed that celecoxib ameliorated hepatic steatosis in the AKT‐triggered NAFLD mice. Mechanistically, celecoxib effectively suppressed AKT/mTORC1 signalling and its downstream lipogenic cascade in the Akt‐driven NAFLD mice and in vitro. Furthermore, celecoxib had limited efficacy in alleviating hepatic lipid accumulation and showed no influence on lipogenic proteins associated with hepatic lipogenesis in fructose‐administered mice. This study suggests that celecoxib may be favourable for the treatment of NAFLD, especially in the subset with Akt‐triggered hepatic lipogenesis.
Long non‐coding RNA SNHG5 mediates periodontal inflammation through the NF‐κB signalling pathway
Authors: Han Yineng , Huang Yiping , Yang Qiaolin , Jia Lingfei , Zheng Yunfei , Li Weiran 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAimWe investigated the role of long non‐coding RNAs and small nucleolar RNA host gene 5 (SNHG5) in the pathogenesis of periodontitis.Materials and MethodsA ligature‐induced periodontitis mouse model was established, and gingival tissues were collected from patients with periodontitis and healthy controls. Inflammatory cytokines were detected using quantitative reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction and western blotting analyses. Direct interactions between SNHG5 and p65 were detected by RNA pull‐down and RNA immunoprecipitation assays. Micro‐computed tomography, haematoxylin and eosin staining, and immunohistochemical staining were used to measure periodontal bone loss.ResultsSNHG5 expression was down‐regulated in human and mouse periodontal tissues compared to that in the healthy controls. In vitro experiments demonstrated that SNHG5 significantly ameliorated tumour necrosis factor α‐induced inflammation. Mechanistically, SNHG5 directly binds to the nuclear factor‐kappa B (NF‐κB) p65 subunit and inhibits its translocation, thereby suppressing the NF‐κB signalling pathway activation and reducing the nucleotide‐binding oligomerization domain‐like receptor family pyrin domain‐containing three inflammasome expression. Locally injecting si‐SNHG5 aggravated the periodontal destruction.ConclusionThis study revealed that SNHG5 mediates periodontal inflammation through the NF‐κB signalling pathway, providing a potential therapeutic target for periodontitis treatment.
Soft and hard tissue changes after immediate implant placement with or without a sub‐epithelial connective tissue graft: Results from a 6‐month pilot randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Guglielmi Davide , Di Domenico Giovanna Laura , Aroca Sofia , Vignoletti Fabio , Ciaravino Vincenzo , Donghia Rossella , de Sanctis Massimo 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAimThe present pilot RCT aimed to investigate the influence of a connective tissue graft (CTG) in combination with the immediate implant placement (IIP) on hard and soft tissue healing, without a bone replacement graft in the gap between the implant and the socket walls.Materials and MethodsThirty patients requiring extraction of one anterior tooth (from premolar to premolar) were randomly assigned to one of the two treatment groups (test: IIP + CTG; control: IIP). Cone‐beam computed tomography and optically scans were performed before tooth extraction and at 6‐month follow‐up. Then, DICOM files were superimposed in order to allow the evaluation of osseous ridge and buccal bone changes, while the superimposition of DICOM and Standard Tessellation Language files allowed for evaluating of soft tissue contour. For testing the differences between the two groups, the non‐parametric test as Wilcoxon rank‐sum test, was used.ResultsTwenty‐six of the 30 enrolled patients attended the 6‐month follow‐up visit. The four patients of the control group that were lost to follow‐up were analysed under the intention‐to‐treat principle. No statistically significant differences between the groups were observed for the vertical buccal bone resorption (p = .90), as well as for the horizontal buccal bone resorption at all measured levels. Significant differences were found between the test and control groups in the horizontal dimensional changes of osseous ridge at the most coronal aspect (p = .0003 and p = .02). Changes in tissue contour were between −0.32 and −0.04 mm in the test group and between −1.94 and −1.08 mm in the control group, while changes in soft tissue thickness varied between 1.33 and 2.42 mm in the test group and between −0.16 and 0.88 mm in the control group, with statistically significant differences for both variables at all measured levels. At 6 months, the mean volume increase was 6.76 ± 8.94 mm3 and 0.16 ± 0.42 mm3 in the test and control groups, respectively, with a statistically significant difference.ConclusionsThe findings of the present study indicate that the adjunct of a CTG at the time of IIP, without bone grafting, does not influence vertical bone resorption. Within the limits of this study, it can be suggested that the adjunct of a CTG at the time of IIP, without bone grafting, reduces the horizontal changes of the alveolar ridge. Moreover, it allows maintenance of the tissue contour due to an increase in soft tissue thickness.
Biogeography, autecology, and phylogeny of Percolomonads based on newly described species
Authors: Hohlfeld Manon , Meyer Claudia , Schoenle Alexandra , Nitsche Frank , Arndt Hartmut 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPercolomonads (Heterolobosea) are aquatic heterotrophic flagellates frequently found in saline waters up to hypersaline environments. We isolated and cultivated seven strains of percolomonad flagellates from marine waters and sediments as well as from a hypersaline inland lake in the Atacama Desert. Morphological characterizations, comprising light and scanning electron microscopy, revealed only slight differences between the strains mainly limited to the cell shape, length of flagella, and length of the ventral feeding groove. Phylogenetic analyses of the 18S and 28S rDNA genes showed the formation of three fully supported clades within the Percolomonadida: the Percolomonadidae, the Barbeliidae fam. nov. and the Lulaidae fam. nov. We describe two new families (Barbeliidae fam. nov., Lulaidae fam. nov.), a new genus (Nonamonas gen. nov.), and five new species (Percolomonas adaptabilis sp. nov., Lula levis sp. nov., Barbelia pacifica sp. nov., Nonamonas montiensis gen. et sp. nov., Nonamonas santamariensis gen. et sp. nov.). Salinity experiments showed that P. adaptabilis sp. nov. from the Atlantic was better adapted to high salinities than all other investigated strains. Moreover, comparisons of our cultivation‐based approach with environmental sequencing studies showed that P. adaptabilis sp. nov. seems to be globally distributed in marine surface waters while other species seem to be more locally restricted.
Aerobic exercise training and neurocognitive function in cognitively normal older adults: A one‐year randomized controlled trial
Authors: Tarumi Takashi , Patel Neena R. , Tomoto Tsubasa , Pasha Evan , Khan Ayaz M. , Kostroske Kayla , Riley Jonathan , Tinajero Cynthia D. , Wang Ciwen , Hynan Linda S. , Rodrigue Karen M. , Kennedy Kristen M. , Park Denise C. , Zhang Rong 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundCurrent evidence is inconsistent on the benefits of aerobic exercise training for preventing or attenuating age‐related cognitive decline in older adults.ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of a 1‐year progressive, moderate‐to‐high intensity aerobic exercise intervention on cognitive function, brain volume, and cortical thickness in sedentary but otherwise healthy older adults.MethodsWe randomized 73 older adults to a 1‐year aerobic exercise or stretching‐and‐toning (active control) program. The primary outcome was a cognitive composite score calculated from eight neuropsychological tests encompassing inductive reasoning, long‐term and working memory, executive function, and processing speed. Secondary outcomes were brain volume and cortical thickness assessed by MRI, and cardiorespiratory fitness measured by peak oxygen uptake (VO2).ResultsOne‐year aerobic exercise increased peak VO2 by ∼10% (p < 0.001) while it did not change with stretching (p = 0.241). Cognitive composite scores increased in both the aerobic and stretching groups (p < 0.001 for time effect), although no group difference was observed. Total brain volume (p < 0.001) and mean cortical thickness (p = 0.001) decreased in both groups over time, while the reduction in hippocampal volume was smaller in the stretching group compared with the aerobic group (p = 0.040 for interaction). Across all participants, improvement in peak VO2 was positively correlated with increases in cognitive composite score (r = 0.282, p = 0.042) and regional cortical thickness at the inferior parietal lobe (p = 0.016).ConclusionsOne‐year aerobic exercise and stretching interventions improved cognitive performance but did not prevent age‐related brain volume loss in sedentary healthy older adults. Cardiorespiratory fitness gain was positively correlated with cognitive performance and regional cortical thickness.
The crafty power of text: methods for a sociology of legislative drafting
Authors: GRABHAM EMILY 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis article proposes that socio‐legal scholars study statutes and legislative drafting on their own terms. Legislative drafting may seem to have little relevance within approaches that emphasize law's wider social effects. Yet statutes can be defamiliarized, and the dynamics through which they are drafted better understood. This can help statutes to answer for their legal and social power and also assist scholars working in law and other disciplines to grasp the distinctiveness of legal doctrine.Drawing on findings from my current research, I argue that sociologies of legislative drafting could contribute to, and be informed by, two contemporary debates: first, the status of legal technical expertise, and second, the aesthetics of law. Unpicking these thickly knotted ontologies of law and drafting could be achieved through historical, ethnographic, and experimental visual methods. These methods potentially help us to tackle something akin to an ‘obviation of legal form’ through which statutory text is seen to be distinct from, and subservient to, law's legal and political substance.
Sexual assault and harassment (SAH) victimization disparities between sexual minority and heterosexual Chinese youth
Authors: Li Muzi Nina , Zhou Xiang , Cao Wenzhen , Tang Kun 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSexual assault and harassment (SAH) has become an increasing global concern that disproportionately impacts gender and sexual minority youth, yet research is scarce outside Western nations. In addition, sexual assault and sexual harassment are closely related experiences in both academic inquiries on sexual victimization and public discussion in the global #Metoo movement. Drawing from a large Chinese college student sample (N = 50,818), we investigated the prevalence of SAH victimization during childhood, adolescence, and emerging adulthood, as well as the SAH disparities between sexual minority and heterosexual youth. The population‐weighted prevalence of SAH victimization was estimated to be 20.23% during childhood, 42.87% during adolescence, and 21.87% during emerging adulthood, with more than half of the youth (55.41%) having ever experienced any SAH. Logistic regression results suggested girls and sexual minorities were disproportionally impacted across childhood, adolescence, and emerging adulthood. The discussion is framed in the context of Chinese culture and current Chinese legislation related to SAH.
Impact of mandatory COVID‐19 shelter‐in‐place order on controlled substance use among rural versus urban communities in the United States
Authors: Maeng Daniel , Li Yue , Lawrence Michele , Keane Sinead , Cross Wendi , Conner Kenneth R. , Lee Hochang B. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPurposeMandatory COVID‐19 shelter‐in‐place (SIP) orders have been imposed to fight the pandemic. They may also have led to unintended consequences of increased use of controlled substances especially among rural communities due to increased social isolation. Using the data from the American Association of Poison Control Centers, this study tests the hypothesis that the poison control centers received higher rates of calls related to exposures to controlled substances from rural counties than they did from urban counties during the SIP period.MethodsCall counts received by the poison control centers between October 19, 2019 and July 6, 2020 due to exposure to controlled substance (methamphetamine, opioids, cocaine, benzodiazepines, and other narcotics) were aggregated to per‐county‐per‐month‐per‐10,000 population exposure rates. A falsification test was conducted to reduce the possibility of spurious correlations.FindingsDuring the study period, 2,649 counties in the United States had mandatory SIP orders. The rate of calls reporting exposure to any of the aforementioned controlled substances among the rural counties was higher (14%; P = .047) relative to the urban counties. This overall increase was due to increases in the rates of calls reporting exposure to opioids (26%; P = .017) and methamphetamine (39%; P = .077). Moreover, the rate of calls reporting exposures at home was also higher among the rural counties (14%; P = .069).ConclusionThe mandatory SIP orders may have had an unintended consequence of exacerbating the use of controlled substances at home in rural communities relative to urban communities.
Executive Functions and Academic Performance: The Moderating Role of Distress Tolerance
Authors: Andrés María Laura , Canet‐Juric Lorena , García‐Coni Ana , Olsen Cintia Daniela , Vernucci Santiago , Galli Juan Ignacio , Introzzi Isabel , Richaud María Cristina 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe aim of this study was to analyze the moderating effect of distress tolerance (DT) on the relationship between executive functions and academic performance (AP). Participants were 270 children aged 9–12 years. Executive functions (EFs)—working memory (WM), inhibition, and cognitive flexibility—and DT were evaluated using computerized tasks. Direct measures of reading comprehension and mathematical calculation, as well as school grades, were used to assess AP. Results showed that verbal WM and cognitive flexibility were positively associated with reading indicators, but to a greater extent among children with medium and low DT. A positive association was found between visuospatial WM, and a mathematical indicator, to a greater extent among children with medium and low DT. The EFs did not show explanatory capacity for AP in children with high DT. These results suggest that DT could function as a “compensatory” resource.