bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing fecal contamination from human and environmental sources using Escherichia coli as an indicator in rural eastern Ethiopian households—a cross-sectional study from the EXCAM project
Authors: Deblais Loïc , Ahmedo Belisa Usmael , Ojeda Amanda , Mummed Bahar , Wang Yuke , Mekonnen Yitagele Terefe , Demisie Weldesenbet Yenenesh , Hassen Kedir A. , Brhane Mussie , McKune Sarah , Havelaar Arie H. , Liang Song , Rajashekara Gireesh 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionEnteric pathogens are a leading causes of diarrheal deaths in low-and middle-income countries. The Exposure Assessment of Campylobacter Infections in Rural Ethiopia (EXCAM) project, aims to identify potential sources of bacteria in the genus Campylobacter and, more generally, fecal contamination of infants during the first 1.5 years of life using Escherichia coli as indicator.MethodsA total of 1,310 samples (i.e., hand rinses from the infant, sibling and mother, drinking and bathing water, food and fomite provided to or touched by the infants, areola swabs, breast milk and soil) were collected from 76 households between May 2021 and June 2022. Samples were assigned to two groups by infant age: TP1 (time point 1), infants between 4 and 8 months of age, and TP2, infants between 11 and 15 months of age. Fluorometric and semi-selective colorimetric approaches were used to quantify E. coli in the field samples.ResultsOverall, E. coli was ubiquitous within selected households (56.8% across the study). E. coli was more frequently detected than average (&gt;53%) with high concentration (&gt;2-log CFU) in soil (g) and per pair of hand, while the opposite trend (&lt;33%; &lt;1.5-log CFU) was observed in food provided to the infants (g or mL), per areola, and breast milk (mL; p &lt; 0.01). E. coli was frequently detected in fomites touched by the infants, drinking and bathing water (&gt;51%), but at low concentration (&lt;1.5-log CFU). Correlation analysis between E. coli concentration in different sample types suggested that the mother’s hands and fomites might play a key role in the transmission of E. coli to the infants (p &lt; 0.01; r2 &gt; 0.3).DiscussionUsing E. coli as surrogate, our study identified mother (hands and areola) as reservoirs likely to be involved in frequent transmission of fecal contaminants to infants within rural Ethiopian households.
Faster intervals, faster recoveries - intensified short VO2max running intervals are inferior to traditional long intervals in terms of time spent above 90% VO2max
Authors: Fleckenstein Daniel , Braunstein Hannes , Walter Nico 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionHigh intensity interval training for improving maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) is a fundamental component of specific preparation phases for middle- and long-distance runners. In this context, short intervals are very popular in practice. The aim of the present study was to determine whether increasing the intensity of short intervals around maximal aerobic speed (vVO2max), compared to traditional long interval runs, leads to a greater time spent above 90% VO2max.Methods12 highly trained middle distance runners (7 males, 5 females) completed two VO2max sessions (4 × 3 min at 95% vVO2max, recovery: 3 min at 50% vVO2max vs. 24 × 30 s at 100% vVO2max, recovery: 30 s at 55% vVO2max) on the treadmill in randomized order. Spiroergometric data, lactate accumulation, heart rate (HR) and perceived exertion was determined. This allowed the recording of time above 90% VO2max and time above 90% HRmax. To analyze differences between the interval sessions, the paired t-test respectively the Wilcoxon test, if data were not normally distributed, were applied.ResultsThe time spent above 90% VO2max was significantly lower in the 30-s intervals, despite the higher intensity, compared to the 3-min session (201.3 ± 268.4 s vs. 327.9 ± 146.8 s, p = 0.05, r = 0.57). In contrast, the time spent above 90% HRmax was significantly higher for the 30-s intervals than for the 3-min intervals (820 ± 249 s vs. 545 ± 131 s, p &lt; 0.001, d = 1.73). The blood lactate concentrations showed higher values in the 3-min session (9.69 ± 1.82 mmol/L) compared to the 30-s session (7.59 ± 2.01 mmol/L, p &lt; 0.001, d = 2.34). There was no statistical difference in the rating of perceived exertion between the two sessions (30-s session: 6.5 ± 1.0 vs. 3-min session: 6.8 ± 1.2; p = 0.26).DiscussionThe present study showed that intensified 30-s intervals were inferior to traditional 3-min intervals regarding the time spent above 90% VO2max. Given the observation of an opposing trend in the time spent above 90% HRmax, this parameter should be interpreted with caution in traditional training settings.
Efficacy of a reduced-dosage PRRS MLV vaccine against a NADC34-like strain of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus
Authors: Yan Xinyu , Liu Jiayu , Yue Fengxiong , Lin Yan , Li Yan , Wu Wensi , Zhao Shan , Huang Xiaobo , Zhao Qin , Wen Yiping , Cao Sanjie , Du Senyan , Zeng Nanfang , Yan Qigui 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionAfter being discovered for the first time in China in 2017, porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) NADC34-like strains have become the prevalent strain of PRRSV in certain regions of China. Our previous study showed that reduced Ingelvac PRRS MLV vaccination dosages against NADC30-like CF PRRSV had a better protection effect than the normal dosage. However, the protective effect of reduced dosages vaccination of Ingelvac PRRS MLV against NADC34-like PRRSV is unclear. Therefore, this study compared the effectiveness of 0.1 and 1 dosages against a NADC34-like PRRSV infection using commercial PRRSV vaccines, Ingelvac PRRS MLV, which have been widely utilized in China.MethodsIn this study, we immunized piglets with two different dosages of the MLV vaccine and infected piglets within a nasal way with NADC34-like CF PRRSV at 42 days post-vaccination. We observed the changes in growth performance before and after the NADC34-like PRRSV DX strain challenge and the protective effect of different vaccine dosages through multiple assays.ResultsAfter the challenge, the piglets from the challenge control group displayed clinical signs typical of PRRSV infection, including transient fever, high viremia, mild clinical symptoms, and histopathological changes in the lungs and lymph nodes, which indicates DX is a virulent virus. Without the challenge, the average daily gain of the non-immunized group at 5 weeks after the vaccination is greater than that of the 0.01 dosage group than that of the 1 dosage group, which proved that the commercial MLV vaccine has a negative effect on the growth performance of pigs and this effect may be dose-dependent. After the NADC34-like PRRSV challenge, there was no difference in average daily gain between the immunized pigs and pigs from the challenge control group. From the perspective of clinical score, gross lung lesions, and microscopic lesions, immunization with MLV vaccine can indeed relieve symptoms and lesions caused by the virus, and 0.1 dosage vaccination has a better effect in these aspects. Also, both dosages of MLV immunization shortened viremia with similar effects.DiscussionOur research suggests that the MLV vaccine can provide piglets with some protection against NADC34-like PRRSV and the 0.1 dosage Ingelvac PRRS MLV vaccination showed greater benefits in our study. Therefore, considering the cost, side effects, and subsequent protective effects, we can adjust the immune dosage appropriately after further investigation to ensure safety, improve production efficiency, and reduce immunization costs.
Experimental Thermal Assessment of a Trombe Wall Under a Semi-Arid Mediterranean Climate of Mexico
Authors: Hernández-Pérez Iván , Rodriguez-Ake Álan , Sauceda-Carvajal Daniel , Hernández-López Irving , Kumar Balaji , Zavala-Guillén Ivett 
Published: January 2025

The conventional Trombe wall (TW) with concrete construction has been shown to enhance the indoor environment of buildings in cold and Mediterranean climates. Thus, a TW is an option for reducing energy consumption related to thermal comfort for buildings in the northwestern region of Mexico, characterized by arid and semi-arid conditions with low winter temperatures. The thermal behavior of the TW and a conventional facade (CF) of concrete were compared when installed in the southern wall of reduced-scale test boxes in Ensenada, B.C. Unlike other research works available in the literature, which typically monitored a data point measure of the wall and room temperatures, the present study measured the temperature of key components: the absorber wall, the air at the bottom and top vents, the glass cover, and the air at the cross-section plane of the TW test box. The results showed that the TW increases the air temperature through its channel up to 14 ∘C and yields a maximum thermal efficiency of 84% during a sunny winter week. Further, the indoor air temperature at the midpoint of the TW test module is up to 6 ∘C greater than the obtained on the CF-test module; therefore, the TW improved the thermal comfort conditions during winter.
Phytophthora Species and Their Associations with Chaparral and Oak Woodland Vegetation in Southern California
Authors: Fajardo Sebastian N. , Bourret Tyler B. , Frankel Susan J. , Rizzo David M. 
Published: January 2025

Evidence of unintended introductions of Phytophthora species into native habitats has become increasingly prevalent in California. If not managed adequately, Phytophthora species can become devastating agricultural and forest plant pathogens. Additionally, California’s natural areas, characterized by a Mediterranean climate and dominated by chaparral (evergreen, drought-tolerant shrubs) and oak woodlands, lack sufficient baseline knowledge on Phytophthora biology and ecology, hindering effective management efforts. From 2018 to 2021, soil samples were collected from Angeles National Forest lands (Los Angeles County) with the objective of better understanding the diversity and distribution of Phytophthora species in Southern California. Forty sites were surveyed, and soil samples were taken from plant rhizospheres, riverbeds, and off-road vehicle tracks in chaparral and oak woodland areas. From these surveys, fourteen species of Phytophthora were detected, including P. cactorum (subclade 1a), P. multivora (subclade 2c), P. sp. cadmea (subclade 7a), P. taxon ‘oakpath’ (subclade 8e, first reported in this study), and several clade-6 species, including P. crassamura. Phytophthora species detected in rhizosphere soil were found underneath both symptomatic and asymptomatic plants and were most frequently associated with Salvia mellifera, Quercus agrifolia, and Salix sp. Phytophthora species were present in both chaparral and oak woodland areas and primarily in riparian areas, including detections in off-road tracks, trails, and riverbeds. Although these Mediterranean ecosystems are among the driest and most fire-prone areas in the United States, they harbor a large diversity of Phytophthora species, indicating a potential risk for disease for native Californian vegetation.
Estimación del riesgo cardiovascular y evaluación de la dieta de trabajadores de la Empresa de Tabaco Torcido “Carlos Baliño”
Authors: Cartaya Quintero Rocio , Sánchez Mendoza Noel 
Published: January 2025

Las enfermedades cardiovasculares constituyen la primera causa de muerte en Cuba. Entre sus factores de riego están: sedentarismo, tabaquismo y dieta inadecuada; a los que pudieran estar expuestos los trabajadores del sector tabacalero, por lo que fue objetivo de esta investigación, estimar el riesgo cardiovascular y la calidad de la dieta de trabajadores de la Empresa de Tabaco Torcido “Carlos Baliño”. Se estimó el riesgo cardiovascular según la estratificación sin pruebas de laboratorio de Gaziano a 40 trabajadores mayores de 35 años y se evaluó su consumo alimentario mediante una encuesta semicuantitativa de frecuencia de consumo de alimentos. Predominó el sobrepeso y el riesgo asociado a la acumulación abdominal de grasa independientemente del grupo etario y el sexo. El 97,5 % fue sedentario, el 2,5 % diabético, el 30 % fumadores y el 75 % tuvo tensión arterial normal. El riesgo de evento cardiovascular en 5 años fue bajo y moderado en hombres y muy bajo y moderado en mujeres, habiendo una correlación directa y fuerte con la edad. Las dietas fueron excesivas en energía, macronutrientes y nutrientes asociados al riesgo cardiovascular: colesterol, azúcares y sodio; y deficientes de vitamina E, niacina, ácido fólico, calcio y fibra dietética.
Propuesta de implementación de un servicio de referencia digital para las Bibliotecas de la Escuela Politécnica Nacional
Authors: Bravo Ramos María José 
Published: January 2025

Este proyecto presenta como propuesta, la implantación de un servicio de referencia digital para la Biblioteca General de la Escuela Politécnica Nacional del Ecuador brindando un servicio de chat con software de referencia especializado. Se analizan, además, los elementos característicos de estos servicios, el uso de la tecnología y su presencia en las bibliotecas universitarias ecuatorianas.
Tras el desarrollo de la revisión sistemática de los sitios web de las bibliotecas universitarias ecuatorianas identificó si estas poseen Servicios de Referencia Digital (SRD) u otra forma de atención al usuario. Para ello, se tomó como población objetivo las 63 instituciones académicas registradas en el Consejo de Educación Superior.
Del estudio mencionado, se pudo determinar que los servicios o herramientas más utilizadas para brindar soporte al usuario son: correo electrónico, números telefónicos y redes sociales exclusivas de biblioteca. Esta realidad es la que motiva a la Escuela Politécnica Nacional (EPN) a proponer un proyecto de implementación de un SRD con el fin de mejorar la atención al usuario y satisfacer sus necesidades de información de manera inmediata sin importar la hora y la ubicación geográfica.
El chat como SRD se destina a los usuarios de las bibliotecas de la EPN; por otro lado, para la selección del software específico del SRD se evaluaron cuatro herramientas: LibraryH3lp, QuestionPoint, Reftracker y LibAnswers, tras la evaluación respectiva, se determina que LibraryH3lp cumple eficientemente los requerimientos de la EPN así, se garantizará modernización de sus bibliotecas y la potencialización del servicio que éstas brindan a sus usuarios.
Development Strategy of Muslim Friendly Tourism in Palembang City
Authors: Anggara Ary , Rahmanita Myrza , Ingkadijaya Rahmat , Nurmalinda Elda 
Published: January 2025

After the COVID-19 pandemic, Muslim-friendly tourism has become a significant attraction in several Asian countries, including Indonesia. This study aims to analyze the potential strategies for Muslim-friendly tourism and identify effective development strategies. The methods used include descriptive qualitative analysis and SWOT analysis. Data collection techniques involved documentation, observation, and interviews with informants selected based on predetermined sampling criteria. The results indicate that the involvement of various parties in the development of Muslim-friendly tourism is focused on fulfilling their respective roles and functions, particularly in terms of regulations, policies, and the provision of halal-certified food and hotels that meet Muslim-friendly tourism standards. However, the destination lacks adequate standards to become a leading Muslim-friendly tourism destination.
Keywords: Muslim-Friendly Tourism, Potential of Muslim-Friendly Tourism, Strategies for Muslim-Friendly Tourism Development, Halal Certification, Development of Muslim-Friendly Tourism Destinations
IMPLEMENTASI SISTEM PENDINGIN PADA PERMUKAAN BAWAH PANEL SURYA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN EFISIENSI KELUARAN DAYA LISTRIK
Authors: Muhammad  Suyanto  , Prasetyono Eko Pambudi  , Syafriyudin  , Fadly Prasetyo Aji  
Published: January 2025

Indonesia merupakan negara beriklim tropis sehingga memiliki intensitas cahaya matahari cukup tinggi. Intensitas cahaya matahari yang tinggi memungkinkan pemasangan panel surya dapat maksimal. Panel surya adalah komponen elektronik yang berfungsi merubah energi matahari menjadi energi listrik melalui gejala fotovoltaik. Dimana, panel surya memiliki NOCT(Nominal Operating Cell Temperature) sebesar 45°C. Panel surya bekerja dengan baik saat tidak melewati batas NOCT. Penelitian yang dilakukan pada panel surya menggunakan aliran air dialirkan melalui kisi kisi radiator, panel surya ber pendingin rata rata pada suhu 40,5 °C sedangkan panel surya tanpa pendingin rata rata mencapai 50,5°C. Peningkatan daya keluaran, dapat dicapai dengan panel surya berpendingin 2,21 % dan tanpa pendingin 2,68 %. Untuk persentase kenaikan tegangan Open Circuit pada panel surya berpendingin 2,45 % dan tanpa pendingin 1,47 %. Penurunan suhu yang dapat dicapai panel surya berpendingin mencapai 24,9 %, sedangkan tanpa pendinginan hanya 14,29 %.
THE INFLUENCE OF PRODUCT QUALITY, PRICE AND SITUATIONAL FACTORS ON PURCHASING DECISIONS FOR POST-PANDEMIC MASKS WITH PURCHASE INTENTION AS AN INTERVENING VARIABLE IN YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Chrisna Sulistyaningsih  , Uswatun Chasanah  
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh kualitas produk, harga, faktor situasional terhadap keputusan pembelian dengan minat pembelian sebagai variabel intervening. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode SEM-PLS dengan SmartPls untuk mengetahui hubungan antar variabel kualitas produk, harga, faktor situasional dan minat pembelian. Populasi penelitian masyarakat kota Yogyakarta yang membeli masker. Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan survei melalui kuesioner dengan menggunakan skala Likert. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 100 responden, pemilihan responden dengan metode purposive sampling. Hasil uji validitas menunjukkan semua variabel valid dan hasil uji reliabilitas semua item reliabel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kualitas produk, harga dan faktor situasional terbukti berpengaruh terhadap minat beli, Adapun intervening hanya terbukti untuk faktor situasional terhadap keputusan pembelian, tidak untuk variabel lainnya.
OPTIMALISASI PENGGABUNGAN TIGA ANTARMUKA WEBSITE DENGAN PENERAPAN METODE DESIGN THINKING (Studi Kasus Sistem Informasi Mega Finance)
Authors: Linda Puspita Sari  , Yuli Praptomo Pamungkas Hari Sungkowo  
Published: January 2025

Dalam era digital yang sangat dinamis, perusahaan Mega Finance harus beradaptasi dengan cepat terhadap perkembangan teknologi dan kebutuhan pengguna. Mega Finanace memiliki tiga antar muka website berbeda untuk keperluan pengguna, permasalahan yang dihadapi Mega Finance adalah kesulitan dalam menciptakan pengalaman pengguna yang konsisten dan intuitif pada tiga antarmuka website yang berbeda, yang digunakan oleh karyawan. Hal ini menyebabkan navigasi yang rumit dan menurunkan kepuasan serta produktivitas karyawan.
Untuk mengatasi masalah optimalisasi tiga antarmuka website yang berbeda ini menerapkan metode design thinking. Pendekatan ini melibatkan tahapan empati, perumusan masalah, ideasi, prototipe, dan pengujian. Langkah pertama adalah memahami kebutuhan dan masalah pengguna melalui wawancara dan survei. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, dihasilkan solusi kreatif yang diimplementasikan dalam bentuk prototipe, yang kemudian diuji oleh pengguna, umpan balik dari pengujian ini digunakan untuk menyempurnakan desain agar lebih terintegrasi, intuitif, dan user-friendly, untuk mengukur tingkat kegunaan antarmuka terpadu dari website Mega Finance, digunakan system usability scale (SUS). Pengujian ini menghasilkan skor rata-rata 81,75, yang termasuk dalam kategori acceptable. Skor ini menunjukkan bahwa desain aplikasi memiliki antarmuka yang intuitif dan efisien, serta memenuhi kebutuhan pengguna dengan baik.
Penelitian ini menghasilkan rancangan aplikasi yang menggabungkan tiga website Mega Finance menjadi satu antarmuka terpadu. Peningkatan kenyamanan, kepuasan, efisiensi, dan kemudahan penggunaan dibandingkan dengan penggunaan tiga website secara terpisah. Manfaat dari pengembangan antarmuka yang lebih terpadu dan mudah digunakan adalah peningkatan kemudahan bagi pengguna dalam mendapatkan informasi serta menyelesaikan tugas dengan lebih cepat dan jelas. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penggabungan berbagai fitur dan fungsi dari ketiga website dalam satu platform tidak hanya meningkatkan efisiensi dan kenyamanan pengguna, tetapi juga memudahkan manajemen dan pemeliharaan sistem secara keseluruhan.
АНАЛИЗ ПРИЧИН ПЕРЕВОДА ДЕТЕЙ ПЕРВОГО ГОДА ЖИЗНИ Г. ЧЕЛЯБИНСКА НА ИСКУССТВЕННОЕ ВСКАРМЛИВАНИЕ
Authors: Цесарская Ю.Р. , Федорова П.Е. , Федоров С.А. 
Published: January 2025

Грудное молоко является самым оптимальным и полноценным питанием ребенка первых месяцев жизни, оно оказывает благоприятное влияние на организм кормящей женщины, снижая риск развития рака груди и яичников, способствует укреплению связи между матерью и ребенком. Тем не менее, несмотря на все преимущества грудного вскармливания, меньше половины младенцев в возрасте до 6 месяцев получают исключительно грудное вскармливание. В статье представлен анализ причин перевода детей на искусственное вскармливание и рекомендован план профилактических мероприятий, который способствовал бы увеличению количества детей, получающих грудное молоко.
Breast milk is the most optimal and complete nutrition for a child in the first months of life; it has a beneficial effect on the body of a nursing woman, reducing the risk of developing breast and ovarian cancer, and helps strengthen the bond between mother and child. However, despite all the benefits of breastfeeding, less than half of infants under 6 months of age are exclusively breastfed. The article presents an analysis of the reasons for transferring children to artificial feeding and recommends a plan of preventive measures that would help increase the number of children receiving breast milk.
ОПЫТ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ БОТУЛИНИЧЕСКОГО ТОКСИНА ТИПА А В ЛЕЧЕНИИ СИАЛОРЕИ У РЕБЕНКА С ДЕТСКИМ ЦЕРЕБРАЛЬНЫМ ПАРАЛИЧОМ
Authors: Копылова Е.Р. , Даниловских Ю.А. 
Published: January 2025

Сиалорея является серьезной медицинской проблемой: она трудно поддается лечению и может приводить к тяжелым осложнениям. Почти всегда хроническая сиалорея сопровождается ограничением контактов ребенка со сверстниками, нарушениями социализации, значительным снижением качества жизни. Сегодня ботулинотерапия может быть тем эффективным инструментом, который в значительной степени уменьшает проявления сиалореи. Целью нашей работы была оценка опыта применения препарата Ксеомин (Incobotulinumtoxin A) в лечении сиалореи у пациента со спастической формой детского церебрального паралича (ДЦП).
Sialorrhea is a serious medical problem: it is difficult to treat and can lead to severe complications. Almost always, chronic sialorrhea is accompanied by limited contacts of the child with peers, impaired socialization, and a significant decrease in the quality of life. Today, botulinum therapy can be an effective tool that significantly reduces the manifestations of sialorrhea. The purpose of our work was to evaluate the experience of using the drug Xeomin (incobotulinumtoxin A) in the treatment of sialorrhea in a patient with a spastic form of cerebral palsy (cerebral palsy).