bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RURALITY AND RACE IN WYOMING AND MISSISSIPPI: THE INTERSECTION OF PLACE AND RACE-BASED DISPARITIES
Authors: Jansen Taylor 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Across the US, rural populations tend to be “older, poorer, and sicker” than their urban counterparts as they report higher morbidity, mortality, and greater risk of death due to unintentional injuries. In an already disadvantaged population, rural minorities tend to report even worse health outcomes. This study aims to examine the health disparities faced by rural populations by examining county-level 65+ outcomes in the predominately rural states of Wyoming (WY) and Mississippi (MS). Data from the 2023 WY Healthy Aging Data Report (HADR) and MS HADR was utilized to conduct bivariate statistical analyses and mapping to compare rural/frontier, and urban counties in WY and MS. Findings suggest rurality is protective of health in WY, where 21 of 23 counties are classified as rural or frontier, as these counties reported lower morbidity, despite lower access to primary care physicians (PCPs) [Rural: Mean(SD)=46.19(32.67); Urban: M(SD)=245(38.18)] and hospitals [Rural: Mean(SD)=1.1(0.44); Urban: M(SD)=2(1.41)]. Conversely, bivariate analyses found the two frontier counties with a Native American reservation reported the lowest life expectancy [M(SD)=77.7(1.7); WY: M(SD)=80.34(2.26)] and highest homicide rates [M(SD)=4.54(6.42); WY: M(SD)=0.83(2.31)] and COVID-19 mortality [M(SD)=476.64(52.43); WY: M(SD)=356.61(139.24)]. Similarly, predominately Black, rural counties in MS reported worse rates for 26 of 28 indicators of health and lowest access to care [PCPs: M(SD)= 18.52(20.56); Hospitals: M=1.06(0.65)] compared to rural, predominately White counties [PCPs: M(SD)= 23.88(19.92); Hospitals: M(SD)= 1.11(0.64)], and MS state averages [PCPs: M(SD)= 43.54(93.45); Hospitals: M(SD)= 1.23(1.10)]. These findings speak to the unique health disparities rural populations face at the intersection of place and race.
INDIGENOUS RESILIENCY AGAINST THE SOCIAL, BEHAVIORAL, AND MENTAL DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Kaapu Kristi , McKinley Catherine , Johnson-Jennings Michelle 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
U.S. Indigenous people have been disproportionately impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, experiencing higher rates of infection and hospitalization, being vulnerable to mental health symptoms, including psychological stress and emotional health, and experiencing higher rates of loss and death. Structural inequities have contributed to these negative COVID-19 health outcomes; however, consistent with the Framework of Historical Oppression, Resilience, and Transcendence (FHORT), Indigenous people offset these disparities through positive coping, adaptation, and resiliency interwoven between individual, family and community ecological levels. This research assessed interconnections of structural inequality and associated disruptions in relation to Indigenous wholistic wellness, primarily around healthcare discrimination, medical mistrust, mental health, and loss and death. Thirty-one head-of-household women participated in community-based, critical ethnographic interviews to assess disparities associated with COVID-19. All participants were in caregiving roles and ranged in age from 29-56 years old. The following themes emerged: (a) negative medical and healthcare experiences; (b) connections between physical and mental health; (c) worry and depression; (d) loss of structure and self; (e) disrupted burial rituals; (f) death, grief, and extensive losses; and (g) resiliency. Results indicate disparities associated with the pandemic emerged in large part from systemic inequity; however, Native American women demonstrated resiliency by advocating for themselves, problem solving, self-coping, and upholding Indigenous values. With lower life expectancy of Indigenous peoples, this study informs both future generations and interventions, promoting traditional and cultural protective factors to offset the impact of historical trauma and oppression, including healing across all ecological domains including physical, mental, emotional, and spiritual aspects.
UNDERSTANDING THE ROLE OF SOCIAL CAPITAL IN FORMAL SERVICE USE AMONG OLDER ADULTS: A SCOPING REVIEW
Authors: De Fries Carson , Wang Kaipeng , Hasche Leslie 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
As individuals age, they may encounter new or persistent challenges that affect their need for and access to formal services. Social capital theory, which views relationships as a source of support, a bridge to needed resources and information, and a buffer against challenges that individuals may face, serves as a useful framework in addressing barriers to service utilization among this population. This scoping review aimed to identify how an older adult’s social capital influences their use of formal services, with a focus on the differences between intergenerational and peer (i.e., non-intergenerational) relationships. The search, conducted in January of 2023, originally yielded 2,645 articles. Following duplication removal and eligibility screening, 57 articles were included for analysis. In reviewing the methodologies of these articles, 75.4% (n=43) used quantitative methods, 9.5% (n=5) utilized qualitative methods, 3.8% (n=2) conducted a systematic or scoping review, one used mixed methods, and one was a conceptual paper on the topic. Results demonstrate nuanced differences in how certain types of relationships may support older adults’ access to formal services. Bonding social capital, operationalized as peer relationships, often provided more therapeutic support, which may have reduced the need for formal services. Bridging social capital, operationalized as intergenerational relationships, often resulted in more instrumental support, providing older adults with information about diverse resources and services. Findings also highlighted methodological gaps in assessing older adults’ social relationships and underscored the need to further explore the mechanisms through which different relationship types influence older adults’ access to needed care.
RURAL FAMILY CAREGIVING: PROMOTING SELF-CARE AND WELL-BEING OF RURAL FEMALE CAREGIVERS OF FRAIL OLDER FAMILY MEMBERS
Authors: Lalani Nasreen , Katare Bhagyashree , Wagle Sampada , Yang Siqi 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Caring for frail older adults in rural areas is often more challenging due to several disparities. Informal caregivers, mostly females carry the higher burden of caregiving for their older family members. They experience physical, psychological, and economic strains causing poor well-being and caregiver outcomes. Our study aims to examine the self-care practices of rural female caregivers and determine socio-ecological-cultural factors contributing to their resilience and subjective well-being. Using a sequential mixed-method design, 160 Qualtrics-based surveys were collected followed by 20 in-depth interviews from female rural caregivers of older adults from twelve rural counties in the north-central region of the Midwest, US. Multiple linear regressions were done to measure the associations among the study variables whereas thematic analysis was done to analyze the qualitative data. Preliminary findings suggest higher involvement in self-care practices was associated with greater subjective well-being (β=0.575, p&lt; 0.001), and reduced depression (β=0.406, p=0.017) among the rural female caregivers. Social support positively influenced subjective well-being (β=0.588, p=0.010). Initial themes generated from the qualitative data included increased burnout, mental exhaustion, loneliness, and no time for self-care. Meaning-making and faith were the motivating factors toward caregiving roles, self-care, and well-being. Caregiver support and well-being is our social responsibility to improve social, mental, and economic outcomes and prevent rural disparities. Community-based caregiver support programs and policies should be designed using gender equity and cultural lens to improve the overall health, coping, and well-being of caregivers from a rural context.
THE INFLUENCE OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON DOMESTIC ELDER ABUSE IN JAPAN
Authors: Wada Tadashi , Suda Hitoshi , Uehara Tamiko , Sato Kana 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We are very interested in the influence of COVID-19 pandemic on elder abuse, especially its effects on the incidence. We investigated its incidence per population of validated domestic elder abuse cases in Matsudo City, Chiba, Japan, and in all over Japan. The Act of the Prevention of Elder Abuse, Support for Caregivers of Elderly Persons and Other Related Matters was enforced in 2004. We have the statistics of numbers of elder abuse cases validated according to the definition of elder abuse described in the act of each annual year in Matsudo City and Japan from 2004 to 2022. The numbers of validated domestic elder abuse cases per 100,000 people between annual 2004 and 2019 were 81.8 in Matsudo City and 49.8 in Japan. The numbers per 100,000 people between annual 2020 and 2022 were in 84.1 in Matsudo City and 46.4 in Japan. Therefore, the number of domestic elder abuse cases may be slightly increased under the COVID-19 pandemic in Matsudo City, on the contrary, it may be slightly decreased in Japan. There are many reports that the COVID-19 pandemic had negative effects on dynamics of family members and increased domestic abuses, however, we have often experienced to see positive effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on family members in home-care settings. I would like to discuss about the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on the number of domestic elder abuse cases in Matsudo City and in Japan, and its positive and negative effects on family dynamics at home.
REALITIES AND CHALLENGES OF ELDER ABUSE REPORTED TO THE POLICE
Authors: Suda Hitoshi , Wada Tadashi , Satoh Kana , Uehara Tamiko 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Nationwide, the number of elder abuse reports made to the police has increased. However, it was unclear if these reports resulted in an increase in cases substantiated as actual “elder abuse” by the police? This study used data from fiscal year 2019 in Matsudo City, analyzing a total of 171 elder abuse cases for this study. Among these, 73 cases were reported by the police, accounting for 42.7% of the total cases, and the perpetrators lived with the victims, indicating children were the most common perpetrators of 35 cases (47.9%), followed by spouse of 31 cases (42.5%), and others of 7 cases (9.6%). Out of the police-reported 73 cases, 60 cases (82.2%) were not substantiated as elder abuse under the Act on Prevention of Elder Abuse, and only 13 cases (17.8%) were substantiated as elder abuse. This outcome led us to the conclusion that the increase in police reports does not necessarily indicate an increase in the cases substantiated as “elder abuse,” and highlighted the limited scope of definitions of Elder Abuse in the Act. For example, despite cohabitation, the elder abuse cases where even actual elder violence occurs and requires hospitalization, are not considered as “elder abuse” if there is no caregiving relationship and many of such elder violence cases become to be called “situation-based violence”. It is strongly suggested that the definition of elder abuse of cohabitants with no caregiver relationships should be also included as “elder abuse” in accordance with WHO guidelines.
DOCUMENTING THE VULNERABILITIES OF SELF-EMPLOYED OLDER ADULTS: AN EXAMPLE FROM THE PANDEMIC
Authors: Halvorsen Cal , Matz Christina , Lopez Bruna 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
A defining factor of self-employment in later life is its autonomy and flexibility, enabling older workers to be their own bosses, set their own schedules, and determine where and how they work. Although self-employment has been linked with both positive (higher quality of life and health) and negative (lower take-home pay and workplace-provided benefits) outcomes, little research has considered how self-employed older workers fared during the COVID-19 pandemic. In response, we analyzed data from more than 9,000 Americans ages 50 and older from the 2020 Health and Retirement Study (HRS) and the 2021 HRS Perspectives on the Pandemic mail-in survey. We assessed how work status in 2020 (working for someone else, self-employed, both working for someone else and self-employed, or not working) related to financial difficulties and experiencing health problems due to missed or delayed healthcare outcomes in 2021. While controlling for sociodemographic and health variables, our two multivariable logistic regressions found that self-employment was significantly associated with worse outcomes. Specifically, those who were self-employed or self-employed and working for someone else had significantly higher odds of facing financial difficulties and health problems due to delayed or missed care during the pandemic than those working for someone else only. (Those not working had similar odds of experiencing these issues as those in wage-and-salary work.) This study highlights the vulnerabilities faced by many self-employed older adults while encouraging a discussion on how to better support their health and well-being.
PERSON-CENTERED CARE PLANNING FOR PERSONS WITH MCC: LESSONS FROM PARTNER ROUNDTABLE DISCUSSIONS
Authors: King Anne , Schrager Sarina , Jackson Christie , Michaels LeAnn , Dorr David 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The Partner Roundtable utilizes successive discussions with policymakers and health care leaders to identify barriers, facilitators, and strategies to improve person-centered care planning (PCCP) design and implementation in health systems, including primary and specialty care. The objectives are to: (1) identify organizational, policy, payment, technology, cost/resource, research, or other requirements for development and implementation of PCCP models across diverse health systems and settings, highlighting specific requirements, for persons living with, or at risk for, MCC; (2) identify challenges to implementation of PCCP; (3) recommend proven, potential, or innovative solutions or facilitators for implementation challenges; and (4) assist in dissemination of project findings. The Roundtable includes a diverse group of 25-30 individuals with influential leadership roles in making, shaping, and informing decisions related to PCCP implementation. Participants are decision-makers from health systems; local, state and federal health policy; health information technology; quality improvement and quality measurement; research; and patient associations or care recipients including family members or caregivers. Roundtable participants are representative of U.S. healthcare, including geographic spread, community health center leadership, payers, clinicians, and implementation and evaluation of innovative care models. Federal partners focused on improving care delivery for this population including care planning are invited participants. Roundtable expertise and recommendations, including environmental scan information, will inform future recommendations for promising models of PCCP.
APPRECIATIVE INQUIRY WORKSHOP TO DEVELOP A DYADIC INTERVENTION FOR PARENTS AND ADULT CHILDREN COPING WITH DEMENTIA
Authors: Monin Joan , Gil Heidi , Weiss Jenna , Moses Ellen Sue , Rosenblatt Lucy 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Including the voices of people with lived experience should be a requisite step in designing dyadic intervention studies to ensure that study design and measures are acceptable, feasible, and suitable. I will discuss my experience as a researcher participating in a LiveWell Institute Appreciative Inquiry Workshop with the Empowering Partnership Network (EPN), a diverse group of partners that connect and influence dementia research and innovation, advocacy and awareness, and the design and development of systems and spaces intended for people living with dementia. The EPN consists of people living with dementia, care partners, and other partners (researchers, policy makers, practitioners). The goal of the workshop was to begin to develop an attachment-based communication intervention for adult children and their parents coping with dementia. First, we took time to meet each other and identify each other’s strengths. Second, we set guiding principles to help each other be at our best (e.g. not speaking on anyone’s behalf; giving enough time to speak). Third, in the discovery phase, I shared why this work is important and what we know about the science of Attachment theory, dementia, and parent-child relationships. I described my Stage 0 findings and provided examples of other evidenced-based interventions on which we could build. Fourth, in the dream phase, the group shared their hopes about the ideal intervention. Fifth, in the design phase, the group suggested ways of recruiting, what the materials were and what the experience should be. Finally, in the destiny phase, we established the next action steps.
SEX-SPECIFIC ALTERATIONS IN CIRCULATING LIPIDOME DURING MOUSE AGING
Authors: Xu Ziying , Bhattacharjee Anindita , Han Xianlin 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Lipids serve as pivotal elements in biological systems, fulfilling diverse roles ranging from cellular structure components to signaling molecules and energy reserves. They encompass a variety of classes including structural membrane lipids (e.g., cholesterol, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine), energy-storing lipids (e.g., triglycerides, fatty acids), and bioactive lipids (e.g., lyso-phospholipids, ceramides). Increasing evidence shows associations between lipids and age-related diseases (e.g., atherosclerosis, cancer, diabetes, and neurodegenerative diseases), indicating lipid metabolism is involved with health and longevity. In this study, we applied multi-dimensional mass spectrometry-based shotgun lipidomics to quantitatively measure the plasma lipidome alterations across different ages in C57BL/6 mice. We systematically collected plasma samples from both sexes across 7 adult-to-old-age timepoints (8 to 32 months, in 4-month increments, with 8-10 mice per sex at each age). Our data revealed a sex-dependent regulation within the circulating lipidome in which males demonstrated higher concentrations across nearly all lipid classes at each timepoint compared to females. Notably, with advanced ages, males exhibited a decline in major phospholipids and an accumulation of cholesteryl ester—suggestive of an age-related shift in lipoprotein composition. An age-associated increase in phosphatidylserine, previously linked to apoptotic signaling, was exclusive to males. Conversely, females showed a consistent plasma lipid profile throughout their lifespan. The only shared change between sexes is plasmalogen decreasing with age, which could imply increasing oxidative stress. Our findings illuminate sex-specific regulatory mechanisms in lipid metabolism during aging in mice, with potential implications for understanding sex differences in the aging process.
BETA-HYDROXYBUTYRATE IS A METABOLIC REGULATOR OF PROTEOSTASIS IN THE AGING BRAIN
Authors: Madhavan Sidharth , Diaz Stephanie Roa , Nomura Mitsunori , King Christina , Garcia Thelma , Schilling Birgit , Chaudhuri Asish , Newman John 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Loss of proteostasis is a hallmark of aging and Alzheimer disease (AD). Here, we identify beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), a ketone body, as a molecular chaperone which regulates protein solubility in the brain. BHB is a small molecule metabolite which primarily provides an oxidative substrate for ATP during hypoglycemic conditions, and also regulates other cellular processes through covalent and noncovalent protein interactions. We demonstrate BHB-chaperone activity across in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo mouse systems. This activity is shared by select structurally similar metabolites, is not dependent on covalent protein modification, pH, or solute load, and is observable in mouse brain in vivo after delivery of a ketone ester. Furthermore, this phenotype is selective for pathological proteins such as amyloid-beta (Ab), and exogenous BHB ameliorates pathology in nematode models of Ab aggregation toxicity. We have generated a comprehensive atlas of the BHB-induced protein insolublome ex vivo and in vivo using mass spectrometry proteomics, and have identified common protein domains within BHB target sequences. Finally, we show enrichment of neurodegeneration-related proteins among BHB targets and the clearance of these targets from mouse brain, likely via BHB-induced autophagy. Overall, these data indicate a new metabolically regulated mechanism of proteostasis relevant to aging and AD.
SERUM FACTORS DRIVE DIFFERENCES IN MITOCHONDRIAL BIOENERGETICS ASSOCIATED WITH HUMAN AGING
Authors: Heimler Stephanie , Chen Brian , Tanaka Toshiko , Moore Ann Zenobia , Bergstrom Jaclyn , Ferrucci Luigi , Molina Anthony 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Heterochronic parabiosis studies in mice have demonstrated that circulating factors in blood drive multiple features of aging, including mitochondrial bioenergetic decline. To determine if circulating factors in human blood can drive age-related bioenergetic decline, we treated fibroblasts from younger (33y.o.) and older (72y.o.) adult donors with diluted serum samples representing the adult human life-course (22-92y.o). The GESTALT (Genetic and Epigenetic Signatures of Translational Aging Laboratory Testing) study provided serum samples from 88 healthy participants free from major chronic conditions. We show that the maximal bioenergetic capacity of both younger and older fibroblasts treated with serum for 24 hours negatively correlates with the chronological age of the serum donor (R=-0.28, P=0.01; R=-0.25, P=0.02, respectively). To test the hypothesis that the bioenergetic effects of serum are more closely associated with biological age than chronological age, we used DNA methylation data to calculate first and second generation epigenetic clocks (Horvath, Hannum, PhenoAge, and GrimAge). Our results indicate that the bioenergetic effects of serum are most closely related to second generation clocks, which are trained to capture age-related phenotypes and mortality risk. For example, the effects of serum on fibroblasts derived from younger and older individuals were most closely related to GrimAge (R=-0.36, P&lt; 0.01; R=-0.31, P&lt; 0.01, respectively). These results suggest that the bioenergetic effects of circulating factors may explain the heterogeneity of biological aging among participants of the same chronological age. Ongoing studies are pairing our high-throughput respirometric analyses with multi-omic data to identify molecules that directly impact mitochondrial bioenergetic decline with advancing age.