bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New hyaluronan-based biomatrix for 3-D follicle culture yields functionally competent oocytes
Authors: Desai Nina , Spangler Maribeth , Nanavaty Vaani , Gishto Arsela , Brown Alyssa 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Encapsulation of follicles within a biomatrix is one approach to maintaining 3-D follicle architecture during culture. Hyaluronan is one component of the natural extracellular matrix (ECM) that provides support to cells in vivo. This report describes the application of a novel tyramine-linked hyaluronan for 3-D in vitro follicle culture and the production of developmentally competent metaphase II oocytes.

Materials and Methods
Enzymatically isolated mouse preantral follicles or follicle clusters (FL-C) from fresh or vitrified ovaries were encapsulated in 3 mg/ml of hyaluronan gel (HA). Follicle growth, antrum formation and meiotic maturation to metaphase II oocytes was monitored. Chromatin staining was used to assess GV oocyte progression towards meiotic competence. Functional competence of in vitro matured (IVM) oocytes was evaluated by in vitro fertilization and ability to develop to blastocyst. Modifying the HA gel by inclusion of laminin (HA-LM), mouse sarcoma extracellular matrix (Matrigel;HA-MG) or placental extracellular matrix (HA-PM) was also tested to see if this might further enhance IVM outcomes.

Results
A total of 402 preantral follicles were cultured in HA gel. After hCG trigger, 314 oocyte-cumulus complexes ovulated from the embedded follicles. Meiotic maturation rate to the metaphase II stage was 73% (228/314). After insemination 83% (188/228) of IVM oocytes fertilized with a subsequent blastulation rate of 46% (87/188). A pilot transfer study with 3 recipient mice resulted in the birth of a single pup. HA gel supported individually isolated follicles as well ovarian tissue fragments containing clusters of 6–8 preantral follicles. Meiotic maturation was lower with FL-clusters from vitrified versus fresh ovaries (34% and 55%, respectively; p < 0.007). Modification of the HA gel with ECMs or laminin affected antrum formation and follicle retention. Maturation rates to the metaphase II stage were however not significantly different: 74% for HA gel alone as compared to HA-LM (67%), HA-MG (56%) and HA-PM (58%).

Conclusion
Hyaluronan gel is an effective and versatile extracellular matrix based biomaterial for 3-D culture of ovarian follicles. This culture model allowed ovulation of functionally competent metaphase II oocytes, capable of fertilization, genomic activation and blastulation. Future testing with human follicles that require longer in vitro culture times should be considered.
SAFit2 reduces neuroinflammation and ameliorates nerve injury-induced neuropathic pain
Authors: Wedel Saskia , Mathoor Praveen , Rauh Oliver , Heymann Tim , Ciotu Cosmin I. , Fuhrmann Dominik C. , Fischer Michael J. M. , Weigert Andreas , de Bruin Natasja , Hausch Felix , Geisslinger Gerd , Sisignano Marco 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Neuropathic pain is experienced worldwide by patients suffering from nerve injuries, infectious or metabolic diseases or chemotherapy. However, the treatment options are still limited because of low efficacy and sometimes severe side effects. Recently, the deficiency of FKBP51 was shown to relieve chronic pain, revealing FKBP51 as a potential therapeutic target. However, a specific and potent FKBP51 inhibitor was not available until recently which hampered targeting of FKBP51.

Methods
In this study, we used the well-established and robust spared nerve injury model to analyze the effect of SAFit2 on nerve injury-induced neuropathic pain and to elucidate its pharmacodynamics profile. Therefore, the mice were treated with 10 mg/kg SAFit2 after surgery, the mice behavior was assessed over 21 days and biochemical analysis were performed after 14 and 21 days. Furthermore, the impact of SAFit2 on sensory neurons and macrophages was investigated in vitro.

Results
Here, we show that the FKBP51 inhibitor SAFit2 ameliorates nerve injury-induced neuropathic pain in vivo by reducing neuroinflammation. SAFit2 reduces the infiltration of immune cells into neuronal tissue and counteracts the increased NF-κB pathway activation which leads to reduced cytokine and chemokine levels in the DRGs and spinal cord. In addition, SAFit2 desensitizes the pain-relevant TRPV1 channel and subsequently reduces the release of pro-inflammatory neuropeptides from sensory neurons.

Conclusions
SAFit2 ameliorates neuroinflammation and counteracts enhanced neuronal activity after nerve injury leading to an amelioration of nerve injury-induced neuropathic pain. Based on these findings, SAFit2 constitutes as a novel and promising drug candidate for the treatment of nerve injury-induced neuropathic pain.
Video-assisted thoracoscopic segmentectomy with combined chest wall resection: A case report
Authors: Ohtaki Yoichi , Yajima Toshiki , Obayashi Kai , Nakazawa Seshiru , Ikota Hayato , Shirabe Ken 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Resection of lung cancer with chest wall involvement is an invasive procedure.

Case presentation
We report a case of pulmonary adenocarcinoma with chest wall involvement that was resected through video-assisted thoracoscopic segmentectomy and combined en bloc resection of the chest wall (2nd to 4th ribs). Surgical stress was decreased by reducing the extent of lung parenchymal resection and applying a video-assisted technique with an additional posterior paravertebral incision.

Conclusion
A thoracoscopic surgical approach involving incisions in areas requiring resection of the proximal, lateral, and posterior sides of the involved ribs can be applied to tumors invading the chest wall.
Autonomic thermoregulatory responses and subjective thermal perceptions upon the initiation of thermal behavior among resting humans in hot and humid environment
Authors: Sedilla Keneth B. , Maeda Takafumi 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
While thermoregulatory behavior is critical for maintaining homeostasis, our knowledge of behavioral thermoeffectors in humid heat is limited compared to the control of autonomic thermoeffectors. The predictions that the frequency and duration of intensified humid heat events are expected to increase in the coming years underline this shortcoming. Therefore, this study aims to elucidate the activation of autonomic thermoregulatory responses and subjective thermal perceptions upon deciding to initiate thermal behavior in a hot and humid environment.

Methods
Ten young male adults participated in an experimental trial where local cooling was permitted at any time during the behavioral assessment during passive exposure to humid heat. The air temperature and relative humidity were kept at 33$$^{\circ }$$

∘

C and 80$$\%$$
%
, respectively. Skin temperatures, core body temperature (T$$_{\text {core}}$$

core

), and skin blood flow (forearm, upper arm, and upper back) were obtained 120 s preceding thermal behavior. Local sweat rate (forearm and upper arm) and subjective thermal perceptions (neck and whole-body) upon thermal behavior initiation were also recorded.

Results
Mean skin temperature ($${\overline{\mathrm {T}}}_{\text {sk}}$$

T
¯

sk

) and T$$_{\text {core}}$$

core

increased prior to thermal behavior initiation (p$$=$$
=
0.002; p$$=$$
=
0.001). An increase in mean body temperature ($${\overline{\mathrm {T}}}_{\text {body}}$$

T
¯

body

) was also observed (p < 0.001). However, the initiation of thermal behavior is not preceded by an increase in skin blood flow (p$$\ge$$
≥
0.154) and local sweat rate (p$$\ge$$
≥
0.169). An increase in thermal discomfort and skin wetness perception was observed (p$$\le$$
≤
0.048; p$$\le$$
≤
0.048), while thermal sensation did not differ from the baseline (p$$\ge$$
≥
0.357).

Conclusion
These findings suggest that when given the opportunity to behaviorally thermoregulate in a hot and humid environment, changes in skin blood flow and sweat rate are not required for thermal behavior to be initiated in resting humans. Moreover, an increase in $${\overline{\mathrm {T}}}_{\text {sk}}$$

T
¯

sk

and T$$_{\text {core}}$$

core

, which appears to cause an increase in thermal discomfort, precedes thermal behavior. In addition, an increase in $${\overline{\mathrm {T}}}_{\text {body}}$$

T
¯

body

leading up to thermal behavior initiation was observed, suggesting that changes in $${\overline{\mathrm {T}}}_{\text {body}}$$

T
¯

body

rather than $${\overline{\mathrm {T}}}_{\text {sk}}$$

T
¯

sk

and T$$_{\text {core}}$$

core

alone mediate thermal behavior in humid heat. Collectively, the results of this study appear to support the hypothesis that the temporal recruitment of autonomic thermoeffectors follows an orderly manner based on their physiological cost.
Cytomegalovirus infection disrupts the influence of short-chain fatty acid producers on Treg/Th17 balance
Authors: Chin Ning , Narayan Nicole R. , Méndez-Lagares Gema , Ardeshir Amir , Chang W. L. William , Deere Jesse D. , Fontaine Justin H. , Chen Connie , Kieu Hung T. , Lu Wenze , Barry Peter A. , Sparger Ellen E. , Hartigan-O’Connor Dennis J. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Both the gut microbiota and chronic viral infections have profound effects on host immunity, but interactions between these influences have been only superficially explored. Cytomegalovirus (CMV), for example, infects approximately 80% of people globally and drives significant changes in immune cells. Similarly, certain gut-resident bacteria affect T-cell development in mice and nonhuman primates. It is unknown if changes imposed by CMV on the intestinal microbiome contribute to immunologic effects of the infection.

Results
We show that rhesus cytomegalovirus (RhCMV) infection is associated with specific differences in gut microbiota composition, including decreased abundance of Firmicutes, and that the extent of microbial change was associated with immunologic changes including the proliferation, differentiation, and cytokine production of CD8+ T cells. Furthermore, RhCMV infection disrupted the relationship between short-chain fatty acid producers and Treg/Th17 balance observed in seronegative animals, showing that some immunologic effects of CMV are due to disruption of previously existing host-microbe relationships.

Conclusions
Gut microbes have an important influence on health and disease. Diet is known to shape the microbiota, but the influence of concomitant chronic viral infections is unclear. We found that CMV influences gut microbiota composition to an extent that is correlated with immunologic changes in the host. Additionally, pre-existing correlations between immunophenotypes and gut microbes can be subverted by CMV infection. Immunologic effects of CMV infection on the host may therefore be mediated by two different mechanisms involving gut microbiota.
Implementing service transformation for children and adolescents with eating disorders across England: the theory, politics, and pragmatics of large-scale service reform
Authors: Eisler Ivan , Simic Mima , Fonagy Peter , Bryant-Waugh Rachel 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Eating disorders are among the most serious mental health problems affecting children and young people and without appropriate treatment often have a protracted course with high levels of morbidity and mortality. While considerable progress has been made in recent years in developing effective evidence-based outpatient treatments, these are not always readily available. In England, until recently, the usual care pathway for young people with an eating disorder was referral from primary care to local generic Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services with varying levels of expertise in eating disorders and a mix of outpatient treatments available. Poor treatment progress or physical deterioration would usually result in inpatient admission. Admission rates were high, with children and young people with an eating disorder accounting for nearly a quarter of all child and adolescent psychiatric hospital admissions. Inpatient treatment is costly and has high relapse rates with some evidence that it may contribute to poorer long-term outcomes in eating disorders. Accumulating clinical and research evidence that early expert outpatient treatment can significantly reduce the need for inpatient care indicates,+ that investing in dedicated community-based eating disorders services is likely to be both clinically and economically beneficial.

Overview of paper
This paper describes a large-scale transformation programme following a major government investment (initially £30 million/year, since then increased to over £50 million/year) aimed at service level change in the provision of eating disorder services for children and adolescents in England. We describe the history, background, political context, and clinical and research evidence that contributed to the government's decision to invest in eating disorders. We also provide a brief account of the implementation of an England-wide whole team training to support the creation of a network of over 70 dedicated community-based eating disorders services for children and young people.
Mechanical properties and moisture-related dimensional change of canvas paintings–canvas and glue sizing
Authors: Janas Arkadiusz , Fuster-López Laura , Andersen Cecil Krarup , Escuder Angel Vicente , Kozłowski Roman , Poznańska Katarzyna , Gajda Aleksandra , Scharff Mikkel , Bratasz Łukasz 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Understanding canvas paintings as physical systems is fundamental to develop evidence-based environmental specifications for museums. A number of tests were carried out to determine mechanical properties of canvas, canvas sized with animal glue and animal glue-based ground layer (gesso) as a function of relative humidity (RH). The mechanical properties of the canvas samples tested exhibited an anisotropy dependent on the measurement direction, being the stiffness corresponding to the weft direction greater than the warp and diagonal ones. Sizing the canvas with a layer of animal glue significantly increased its modulus of elasticity while the anisotropy of mechanical properties was kept in the composite material. The application of an animal glue-based ground layer on sized canvas increased the elasticity modulus of the system by another order of magnitude (~ 2 GPa) whereas the anisotropy of the material disappeared. The measurements were carried out in a wide range of RH from 30 to 90%. An increase in RH caused a decrease in the material stiffness. Cracking of the gesso layer, which is often responsible for the formation of cracks in paintings, was observed at strains of the order of a few thousandths. Swelling of glue sizing dominated the moisture-induced swelling of the composite material in the less stiff warp direction, completely overriding the shrinkage of the untreated canvas. In contrast, the swelling of the composite material in the stiffer weft direction was much smaller than for pure glue alone, being clearly affected by the textile.
Assessment of compliance to packaging and labeling regulatory requirements of locally manufactured alcohol-based hand sanitizers marketed in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Authors: Wallelign Tesfa Marew , Selam Muluken Nigatu , Wondie Gebremariam Birhanu , Habte Bruck Messele 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Following the emergence of the global Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, alcohol-based hand sanitizers (ABHS) have been extensively used as one of the effective methods of preventing its transmission. The products are dispensed over the counter and used by the general population. Growing concerns have been reported, however, regarding the quality, efficacy and compliance to regulatory requirements calling for objective evidence that can facilitate proactive regulatory measures.

Objectives
The study aimed at assessing the level of compliance to packaging and labeling regulatory requirements of selected locally manufactured ABHS products marketed in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Methods
A cross-sectional study design was employed to randomly collect 25 locally manufactured ABHS products from retail outlets located in Addis Ababa. The manufacturers were grouped under four categories considering their experience in manufacturing, resources and technical capacities. The collected samples were evaluated for compliance to packaging and labeling information regulatory requirements and the results subjected to descriptive analysis.

Results
Majority of the products were found to meet most of the packaging, general product description and manufacturer-related information requirements. However, concerning gaps were observed in storage, precaution and warning-related labeling information requirements. The overall compliance of the selected products (to a total of 29 requirements under 5 categories) was 56.9%. The highest level of compliance was for general product information requirements (80.2%) followed by packaging and manufacturer-related requirements accounting for 76.8% and 75.0%, respectively. Low level of compliance was observed for storage condition and precautions (10.2% and 42.4%, respectively). Better overall compliance to packaging and labeling requirements (62.9%) were observed by large pharmaceutical and cosmetics manufacturers, while the lowest compliance level was recorded for medium level pharmaceuticals and cosmetics manufacturers.

Conclusions
Even though most of the selected products were able to comply with the majority of packaging, product description and manufacturer-related requirements, gaps were observed in essential labeling information requirements. Considering the extensive use of ABHS products among diverse population groups and the potential risks associated with inappropriate use of the products, improving regulatory law enforcement practices, strengthening continuing education of manufacturing personnel and raising public awareness is very timely.
Early post-treatment 18F-FDG PET/CT for predicting radiation-induced hypothyroidism in head and neck cancer
Authors: Lu Hsi-Huei , Chiu Nan-Tsing , Tsai Mu-Hung 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Radiation-induced hypothyroidism (RIHT) is a common, but underestimated, late adverse effect in head and neck cancer. We investigated the value of early post-treatment 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) for predicting RIHT.

Methods
We searched our institutional database for patients aged ≥ 20 years who had undergone definitive radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal or oropharyngeal cancer between 2005 and 2017, followed by 18F-FDG PET/CT within 180 days of radiotherapy completion. We visually assessed and compared PET/CT and baseline characteristics in patients with and without RIHT using the chi-square test for categorical variables and the t-test for continuous variables. Variable predictive ability was evaluated by measuring the area under receiver operating characteristic curves.

Results
Fifty-two patients were included; 22 (42%) developed RIHT and 30 (58%) did not. Two patients presented with diffuse thyroid uptake on PET/CT via visual assessment, and both developed RIHT later. Among the PET/CT variables, thyroid functioning volume was significantly higher in patients without RIHT than in patients with RIHT (16.30 ± 6.03 cm3 vs. 10.61 ± 3.81 cm3, p < 0.001). The maximum standard uptake values of the thyroid and pituitary glands did not differ significantly between the groups. Two patient characteristics, pretreatment thyroid volume and mean radiotherapy dose to the thyroid, also showed significant differences between the groups. An algorithmic approach combining visual grading of thyroid 18F-FDG uptake and thyroid functioning volume cutoff of 14.01 yielded an area under curve of 0.89 (95% confidence interval, 0.80–0.98); the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were 87.0%, 82.3%, 80.0%, and 88.9%, respectively.

Conclusion
Early post-treatment PET/CT-derived thyroid functioning volume was a good predictor of RIHT development. Diffusely increased thyroid 18F-FDG uptake on PET/CT may indicate impending RIHT. Routine surveillance of thyroid function is warranted in patients at high risk of developing RIHT.
Implications of CCTV cameras on child-care centres’ routines, peer relationships, and parent–teacher relationships: child care educators’ opinions
Authors: Meishar-Tal Hagit , Forkosh-Baruch A. , Levy L. , Shenkar T. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn recent years, surveillance cameras have become common in the education system, in early childhood child-care centres as well as in preschools and schools. Public opinion regarding the usage of security cameras in early childhood institutions is constantly increasing due to a growing number of incidents exhibiting child abuse by caregivers. However, meagre attention is given to the use of security cameras in early childhood child-care centres and preschools in the literature. We examined the opinions of child care teachers and caregivers about the implications of implementing cameras in child-care centres routines and how they reshape the relationships with parents and caregivers in Israeli child-care centres. Seven semi-structured interviews were conducted with seven child care teachers and caregivers. Results show that practitioners perceive cameras as generating a disruptive effect on child care centres’ routines. CCTV cameras may create stressful situations between parents and staff, as well as among staff, raising issues of mistrust and privacy violation. However, cameras also serve as a means of establishing mutual trust and maintaining good relationships with parents. This dual impact should be addressed by policy makers and stakeholders involved, who should be aware of the overall consequences of CCTV cameras in child care centres prior to installing such systems.