bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Breast lesion identification and categorization using mammography screening based on combined convolutional recursive neural network framework with parameters optimized using multi‐objective seagull optimization algorithm
Authors: Sakthivel N. K. , Subasree S. , Alias Priya M Pachhaiammal , Tyagi Amit Kumar 
Published: October 2022

SummaryIn recent years, a number of learning methods have been adopted for classifying the mammogram images, which helps the early detection and diagnosis of breast cancer. The breast lesion identification and categorization using mammography screening based on combined convolutional neural network and recursive neural network (CRNN) framework with parameters optimized using multi‐objective seagull optimization algorithm (BLIC‐CRNN‐MOSOA) is proposed in this article. Initially, the unnecessary noise components are taken away from the mammogram images and the quality of the images are enhanced based on altered phase preserving dynamic range compression filtering approach. Then, the deep CRNN model with weight parameters optimized using multi‐objective seagull optimization algorithm is adopted for classifying the mammogram images into three categories: (i) normal, (ii) benign, and (iii) malignant masses. The proposed BLIC‐CRNN‐MOSOA approach is executed in MATLAB platform, and its performance is compared with other deep learning classification approaches. Then the simulation performance of the proposed BLIC‐CRNN‐MOSOA method attains higher accuracy 99.67%, 98.38%, and 97.45%, higher sensitivity 98.33%, 89.34%, and 88.96%, higher specificity 93.15%, 91.25%, and 92.88% compared with existing methods, like BLIC‐FrCN, BLIC‐ICS‐ELM, and BLIC‐DCNN‐BO. By this, the proposed method achieves higher classification accuracy with less misclassified error. Finally, the simulation results show that the proposed method is more efficient than the other classification methods.
Salinity responses in 24 guar genotypes are linked to multigenic regulation explaining the complexity of tolerance mechanisms in planta
Authors: Sandhu Devinder , Pallete Andrew , William Maria , Ferreira Jorge F. S. , Kaundal Amita , Grover Kulbhushan K. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractGuar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub.) is an economically important, drought‐tolerant legume crop affected by moderate to high salinity. Guar has various industrial applications, including gum extracted from seeds that is widely used in the oil and natural gas industries. In this investigation, we evaluated the salinity tolerance of different guar genotypes and their relation to genetic mechanisms regulating guar responses to salinity stress. We screened 24 guar genotypes in a greenhouse lysimeter system under control (electrical conductivity (EC) = 1.46 dS m−1) and high salinity (EC = 13.65 dS m−1) treatments. Both length and biomass of shoots were significantly affected by salinity compared to roots, indicating higher shoot than root sensitivity to salinity. Twenty‐four genotypes were classified based on salt tolerance index for each trait. Tissue ion analysis revealed that roots accumulated over 10‐fold higher Na than leaves, demonstrating that guar effectively regulated the root‐to‐shoot movement of Na+. However, higher Cl concentrations in leaves than roots indicated less regulatory control of Cl− movement. Based on the morphological traits and tissue ion analysis, six genotypes (PI 164486, PI 253186, PI 26152, PI 158125, PI 179926, and PI 263698) with different responses to salinity were selected for gene expression analysis. Expression patterns of different genes showed that a complex network of component traits, including Na+ exclusion, Cl− exclusion, and tissue tolerance, regulate salinity tolerance in guar. Hence, the genetic information about different component traits will benefit guar breeders in developing new varieties that are more tolerant to salinity than current ones.
Flow cytometry to detect bone marrow involvement by follicular lymphoma
Authors: Aren Mercè , Marce Silvia , Jurado Rebeca , Tapia Gustavo , Puigdefabregues Lluís , Raya Minerva , Cortes Montserrat , Garcia‐Caro Montse , Junca Jordi , Mozas Pablo , Viñets Esther , Cabezon Marta , Plensa Esther , Miljkovic Milos , Sancho Juan‐Manuel , Navarro José‐Tomas , Zamora Lurdes , Sorigue Marc 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundHigh‐quality data on bone marrow involvement (BMI) assessed by flow cytometry (FC) in follicular lymphoma (FL) is lacking.AimsWe set up a prospective protocol with a 10‐color tube and acquisition of 500.000 leukocytes on a Nav flow cytometer for evaluation of BMI in FL by FC.Materials and methodsFC was compared with a combination of histopathology and IGH gene rearrangement, which were considered the gold standard. We also compared BMI by FC with PET.ResultsFifty‐two patients were included (median 67 years, 54% female). BMI by FC was seen in 35 (67%), with a median involvement of 1.2% (interquartile range: 0.3%–7%) of leukocytes. Comparison with the gold standard revealed two false negatives and two false positives (potentially true involvement undetected by the gold standard). BMI by PET was seen in 14/46 (30%). Immunophenotype of FL in the bone marrow was highly heterogeneous. The most common phenotypic abnormality was dim expression of CD19 (>0.5 log loss in 30% of patients). CD10 was negative in 13 (37%) and incompletely positive (overlap with the negative population) in a further 8 (28%) while entirely positive only in 14 (48%). Other abnormalities (loss of CD20, gain or loss of CD79b, expression of CD43, and substantial loss of CD45) were rare. Computational analysis by means of FlowSOM confirmed the heterogeneous phenotype, with FL from different patients clustering in unrelated metaclusters.ConclusionBMI by FL was frequent and immunophenotype was heterogeneous. However, this protocol enabled detection of FL in bone marrow in the vast majority of patients with bone marrow involvement by the gold standard.
LoCaL: Link‐optimized cone‐assisted location routing in flying ad hoc networks
Authors: Kumar Sudesh , Raw Ram Shringar , Bansal Abhishek 
Published: October 2022

SummaryRecently, flying ad hoc networks (FANETs) has become a core research area in wireless networks that involves multiple unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). It is widely used in modern warfare for surveillance, monitoring and reconnaissance. The routing in FANETs poses a more significant challenge due to limited energy and frequent link disconnection between the UAVs. Consequently, an effective route is always required to ensure data transmission between UAVs. Therefore, this research proposes a link‐optimized cone‐assisted location (LoCaL) routing protocol for FANETs. The main goal of the proposed LoCaL is to enhance the link duration between the UAVs in which a source selects a forwarding UAV from a given set of neighbours by estimating the residual energy, link duration time and safety degree parameters. Proposed LoCaL provides better stability and less frequent route breaks between source and destination. Further, the mathematical formulation of the proposed approach is presented through the utility function to enhance the route stability by selecting all those relay UAVs in the cone‐shaped request zone, which reduces the routing overhead in discovering the route. Finally, the performance of the LoCaL has been presented through key indicators such as energy consumption, routing overhead, message delivery ratio, network lifetime and delay compared to the existing approaches.
Volumetric development of hippocampal subfields and hippocampal white matter connectivity: Relationship with episodic memory
Authors: Dick Anthony Steven , Ralph Yvonne , Farrant Kristafor , Reeb‐Sutherland Bethany , Pruden Shannon , Mattfeld Aaron T. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe hippocampus is a complex structure composed of distinct subfields. It has been central to understanding neural foundations of episodic memory. In the current cross‐sectional study, using a large sample of 830, 3‐ to 21‐year‐olds from a unique, publicly available dataset we examined the following questions: (1) Is there elevated grey matter volume of the hippocampus and subfields in late compared to early development? (2) How does hippocampal volume compare with the rest of the cerebral cortex at different developmental stages? and (3) What is the relation between hippocampal volume and connectivity with episodic memory performance? We found hippocampal subfield volumes exhibited a nonlinear relation with age and showed a lag in volumetric change with age when compared to adjacent cortical regions (e.g., entorhinal cortex). We also observed a significant reduction in cortical volume across older cohorts, while hippocampal volume showed the opposite pattern. In addition to age‐related differences in gray matter volume, dentate gyrus/cornu ammonis 3 volume was significantly related to episodic memory. We did not, however, find any associations with episodic memory performance and connectivity through the uncinate fasciculus, fornix, or cingulum. The results are discussed in the context of current research and theories of hippocampal development and its relation to episodic memory.
Enhanced condensation heat transfer by water/ethanol binary liquids on polydimethylsiloxane brushes
Authors: Li Shuai , Diaz Diego , Kappl Michael , Butt Hans‐Jürgen , Liu Jie , Hou Youmin 
Published: October 2022

AbstractEnhancing heat transfer efficiency by liquid condensation plays a critical role in recovering and utilizing low‐grade heat. However, overall heat transfer efficiency is commonly limited by the inefficient vapor–liquid phase transition flux and enthalpy during liquid condensation. Here, we report that by introducing small amount of water into the phase‐change process of ethanol on a liquid‐like polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) brush surface, the heat transfer coefficient is significantly enhanced, in particular, by more than one order of magnitude compared to the pure ethanol condensation. Such enhanced thermal performance is primarily due to the elaborate balance between promoting condensation, that is, nucleation and growth, and increasing latent heat by regulating components of water and ethanol, as well as the rapid droplet removal by condensing on the PDMS brushes. Note that the more stabilized dropwise condensation of the binary liquids, retained by accelerating the droplet coalescence velocity, beyond filmwise condensation ensures its significant effectivity under high heat flux.
Cognitive behavioral therapy for eating disorders: A map of the systematic review evidence base
Authors: Kaidesoja Milla , Cooper Zafra , Fordham Beth 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo map and examine the systematic review evidence base regarding the effects of cognitive‐behavioral therapy (CBT) for eating disorders (EDs), especially against active interventions.MethodThis systematic review is an extension of an overview of CBT for all health conditions (CBT‐O). We identified ED‐related systematic reviews from the CBT‐O database and performed updated searches of EMBASE, MEDLINE, and PsychInfo in April 2021 and September 2022.ResultsThe 44 systematic reviews included (21 meta‐analyses) were of varying quality. They focused on “high intensity” CBT, delivered face‐to‐face by qualified clinicians, in BN, BED and mixed, not specifically low‐weight samples. ED‐specific outcomes were studied most, with little consensus on their operationalization. The, often insufficient, reporting of sample characteristics did not allow assessment of the generalizability of findings. The meta‐analytic syntheses show that high intensity one‐to‐one CBT produces better short‐term effects than a mix of active controls especially on ED‐specific measures for BED, BN, and transdiagnostic samples. There is little evidence favoring group CBT or low intensity CBT against other active interventions.DiscussionWhile this study found evidence consistent with current ED treatment recommendations, it highlighted notable gaps that need to be addressed. There were insufficient data to allow generalizations regarding sex and gender, age, culture and comorbidity and to support CBT in AN samples. The evidence for group CBT and low intensity CBT against active controls is limited, as it is for the longer‐term effects of CBT. Our findings identify areas for future innovation and research within CBT.Public SignificanceThis study provides a comprehensive mapping and quality assessment of the current large systematic review research base regarding the effects of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for eating disorders (EDs), with a focus on comparisons to other active interventions. By transcending the more limited scope of individual systematic reviews, this overview highlights the gaps in the current evidence base, and thus provides guidance for future research and clinical innovation.
Bats reduce insect density and defoliation in temperate forests: An exclusion experiment
Authors: Beilke Elizabeth A. , O'Keefe Joy M. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBats suppress insect populations in agricultural ecosystems, yet the question of whether bats initiate trophic cascades in forests is mainly unexplored. We used a field experiment to test the hypothesis that insectivorous bats reduce defoliation through the top‐down suppression of forest‐defoliating insects. We excluded bats from 20 large, subcanopy forest plots (opened daily to allow birds access), each paired with an experimental control plot, during three summers between 2018 and 2020 in the central hardwood region of the United States. We monitored leaf area changes and insect density for nine to 10 oak or hickory seedlings per plot. Insect density was three times greater on seedlings in bat‐excluded versus control plots. Additionally, seedling defoliation was five times greater with bats excluded, and bats' impact on defoliation was three times greater for oaks than for hickories. We show that insectivorous bats drive top‐down trophic cascades, play an integral role in forest ecosystems, and may ultimately influence forest health, structure, and composition. This work demonstrates insectivorous bats' ecological and economic value and the importance of conserving this highly imperiled group of predators.
Guideline for the extraction, isolation, purification, and structural characterization of polysaccharides from natural resources
Authors: Huang Xiaojun , Ai Chao , Yao Haoyingye , Zhao Chengang , Xiang Chunhong , Hong Tao , Xiao Jianbo 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPolysaccharide is widely distributed in natural resources, and currently attracts scientists' attention for their various bio‐functions including immunomodulatory activity, hypoglycemic activity, hypolipidemic activity, antitumor activity, promoting effects on gastrointestinal function, and so on. The purity and structure characteristics of different polysaccharides greatly restrict the in‐depth study of their bioactivity mechanism. Therefore, this guideline will display the extraction, isolation, purification, and structural characterization of polysaccharides from natural resources. The extraction methods of acid‐soluble polysaccharides, water‐soluble polysaccharides, and alkaline soluble polysaccharides are included. Common purification methods like membrane filtration, alcohol precipitation, and column chromatographic separation are explained in detail. A comprehensive procedure for polysaccharide structural characterization is given from molecular weight and monosaccharide composition study to Fourier transform infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance analysis. Examples are added where necessary to help you better understand this guideline.
Targeting B cells and plasma cells in autoimmune diseases: From established treatments to novel therapeutic approaches
Authors: Merino‐Vico Ana , Frazzei Giulia , van Hamburg Jan Piet , Tas Sander W. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAutoimmune diseases are characterized by the recognition of self‐antigens by the immune system, which leads to inflammation and tissue damage. B cells are directly and indirectly involved in the pathophysiology of autoimmunity, both via antigen‐presentation to T cells and production of proinflammatory cytokines and/or autoantibodies. Consequently, B lineage cells have been identified as therapeutic targets in autoimmune diseases. B cell depleting strategies have proven beneficial in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematous (SLE), ANCA‐associated vasculitis (AAV), multiple sclerosis (MS), and a wide range of other immune‐mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs). However, not all patients respond to treatment or may not reach (drug‐free) remission. Moreover, B cell depleting therapies do not always target all B cell subsets, such as short‐lived and long‐lived plasma cells. These cells play an active role in autoimmunity and in certain diseases their depletion would be beneficial to achieve disease remission. In the current review article, we provide an overview of novel strategies to target B lineage cells in autoimmune diseases, with the focus on rheumatic diseases. Both advanced therapies that have recently become available and more experimental treatments that may reach the clinic in the near future are discussed.
Small‐fibre damage is associated with distinct sensory phenotypes in patients with fibromyalgia and small‐fibre neuropathy
Authors: Leone Caterina , Galosi Eleonora , Esposito Nicoletta , Falco Pietro , Fasolino Alessandra , Di Pietro Giuseppe , Di Stefano Giulia , Camerota Filippo , Vollert Jan , Truini Andrea 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundIn this clinical and psychophysical study, we aimed to verify whether patients with fibromyalgia with and without small‐fibre pathology and patients with pure small‐fibre neuropathy share common sensory phenotypes.MethodsUsing an algorithm based on quantitative sensory testing variables, we grouped 64 consecutive patients with fibromyalgia (20 with small‐fibre pathology, 44 without) and 30 patients with pure small‐fibre neuropathy into different sensory phenotypes: sensory loss, thermal hyperalgesia, mechanical hyperalgesia and healthy phenotypes.ResultsWe found that the frequency of the different sensory phenotypes differed markedly between patients with fibromyalgia and patients with small‐fibre neuropathy. In patients with fibromyalgia, with and without small‐fibre pathology, healthy and hyperalgesia phenotypes (both thermal and mechanical) were similarly represented, whilst sensory loss and mechanical hyperalgesia phenotypes were the most frequent phenotypes in patients with small‐fibre neuropathy.ConclusionsOur findings indicate that small‐fibre damage is associated with distinct sensory phenotypes in patients with fibromyalgia and in patients with small‐fibre neuropathy. The lack of phenotype differences between patients with fibromyalgia with and without small‐fibre pathology and the relatively high frequency of the healthy phenotype in these patients highlight a complex relationship between small‐fibre pathology and pain in patients with fibromyalgia.
In vitro and in vivo assessments of the genotoxic potential of 3‐chloroallyl alcohol
Authors: Redmond Aisling , Zhang Fagen , Cheng WanYun , Gollapudi B. Bhaskar 
Published: October 2022

Abstract3‐Chloroallyl alcohol (3‐CAA) can be found in the environment following the application of plant protection products. 3‐CAA is formed in groundwater following the injection of 1,3‐dichloropropene, a fumigant used to control nematodes. 3‐CAA is also formed, in leafy crops, as a glycoside conjugate following application of the herbicide, clethodim. Human exposure may occur from groundwater used as drinking water or through dietary consumption. To characterize 3‐CAA's potential to cause genotoxicity in mammals, in vitro and in vivo studies were conducted. 3‐CAA was negative in an Ames test and positive in a mouse lymphoma forward mutation assay. 3‐CAA was negative in an acute in vivo CD‐1 mouse bone marrow micronucleus assay when administered up to a dose level of 125 mg/kg/day for two consecutive days. In a combined gene mutation assay and erythrocyte micronucleus assay, using transgenic Big Blue® Fischer 344 rats, 3‐CAA was administered via drinking water at targeted dose levels of 0, 10, 30, and 100 mg/kg/day for 29 days. Peripheral blood samples, collected at the end of treatment, were analyzed for micronucleus induction in reticulocytes using flow cytometry. Liver and bone marrow samples, collected 2 days after the termination of the treatment, were analyzed for the induction of mutations at thecIIlocus. 3‐CAA did not induce an increase in mutant frequency or micronuclei under the experimental conditions. In conclusion, the mutagenic response observed in the in vitro mouse lymphoma assay is not confirmed in the whole animal. 3‐CAA is not considered to pose a mutagenic risk.
Overlooked Invaders? Ecological Impacts of Non-Game, Native Transplant Fishes in the United States
Authors: Hartman Jordan H , Larson Eric R 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Nonnative fishes can cause ecological impacts as invasive species, but identifying which nonnative species have harmful impacts is critical to prioritizing management and policy responses. Here, we characterized the state of knowledge on the impacts of a possibly overlooked group of invasive species in the United States: non-game native transplant (NGNT) fishes. We propose that NGNT fishes may be understudied relative to nonnative game fish and exotic species introduced from outside of the country. Only 14% of 220 freshwater NGNT fishes in the United States have been studied for possible negative impacts. We found that researchers have neglected to study impacts of many widespread NGNT species, and some regions with high NGNT species richness have had no studies of the impacts of any NGNT species. Genetic and ecosystem impacts of NGNT fishes have been particularly neglected relative to population and community impacts. We recommend that researchers and funding entities direct their attention to prospective impacts of the most widespread NGNT species in the least studied U.S. river basins to identify which of these fishes require prevention and management as invasive species.
Dissatisfaction of people with type 2 diabetes with the care received at a diabetes clinic in Ningbo, China: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Yu Jingjia , Li Jialin , Xu Miao , Li Li , Chattopadhyay Kaushik 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAimThe study aimed to assess the dissatisfaction of people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with the care that they received at a diabetes outpatient clinic in Ningbo, China and to determine the associated factors.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was conducted among 406 adults with T2DM in 2020–2021. Those who were treated at the diabetes outpatient clinic for at least six consecutive months before the survey date were eligible. The Short Assessment of Patient Satisfaction scale was used to assess participants' dissatisfaction with the care that they received.ResultsOf the participants, 25.1% were not satisfied with the care that they received at the diabetes outpatient clinic in Ningbo. The odds of dissatisfaction were higher in physically active people compared to those who were not (odds ratio [OR]: 3.41; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.56–7.45) and those with >1–5 years of T2DM compared to ≤1 year (OR: 2.18; 95% CI: 1.05–4.53).ConclusionA quarter of people with T2DM were dissatisfied with the care that they received at the diabetes outpatient clinic in Ningbo, China, and the factors associated with dissatisfaction were identified.