bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transpeptidation Reaction Mediated by Ligand- and Metal Cofactor-Substituted Sortase A from Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Negi Shigeru , Hamori Mami , Sato Ayaka , Shimizu Kyoko , Kawahara-Nakagawa Yuka , Manabe Takayuki , Shibata Nobuhito , Kitagishi Hiroaki , Mashimo Masato , Sugiura Yukio 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Sortase A is used for the post-translational modification of proteins in vitro and in cell, and it is known that amino acid residues involved in Ca2+ binding are important for the enzymatic reaction. In this study, the effects of various conditions and mutations on the transpeptidase activity of Sortase A were investigated. We also examined the effect of exogenous metal ions on the enzymatic reaction. The results showed that the transpeptidase activity was maintained over a wide range of Ca2+ concentrations and temperatures. Moreover, amino acid residues E108 and N114, possibly involved in Ca2+ binding, were found essential for enzyme activity. Furthermore, the results showed that Lewis basicity, amino acid side chains, and steric effects were closely related to Ca2+ binding and enzyme activity. In contrast to previous results, we found that Mg2+, an ion homologous to Ca2+, reduced the transpeptidase reactivity of Sortase A to a level comparable to that of the apo form. This study provides fundamental insights into the structure and function of Sortase A, which may be useful for the development of artificial functional Sortase A enzymes.
Study of bypassing Microsoft Windows Security using the MITRE CALDERA Framework
Authors: Mohamed Nachaat 
Published: May 2022

Background: Microsoft Windows Security is a recently implemented safeguard for the Windows operating systems, including the latest versions of Windows10 and 11. However, there is a major shortcoming in this system to stop Advanced Persistent Threat (APT). These are government-financed groups that are funded to attack other government entities. Following the initial security breach, the hacked Windows device is used to access the rest of the network devices in order to transfer data to external storage (Exfiltration). Methods: In this work, we have tested the Microsoft Windows Security system using MITRE CALDERA and ATT&CK frameworks and explain how APT groups are able to bypass Windows Security. Results: In this study we used "54ndc47" agent through GoLang feature in MITRE CALDERA platform to test and bypass Microsoft Windows Security systems (MS Windows 10). Through it, we were able to bypass the Windows Security system and display entire files in the victim's device. Conclusions: In this paper, we have provided recommendations to Microsoft to improve their Windows Security tool through the use of Artificial intelligence (AI).
Financial logistics models based on systematic approach improving management solutions
Authors: Evgenievich Barykin Sergey , Vasilievna Kapustina Irina , Mikhailovich Sergeev Sergey , Mehrab Daniali Sara , Anatolievna Kopteva Lyudmila , Nikolaevna Semenova Galina , Petrovich Pryadko Igor , Mikhaylov Alexey , Baboshkin Pavel , Datsyuk Polina , Senjyu Tomonobu 
Published: May 2022

Background: Some firms with good growth opportunities and additional funds could have difficulties accessing external finance. One possible way to enhance their financial inclusion could be an exciting approach to planning the money reserve collected on a firm’s account. Methods: This article aims to disclose the introduction of financial logistics as the new theoretical field of management science. The authors present, in this paper, the key findings on the development of logistical models of an optimum money reserve calculation taking into account digital transformation and industry 4.0 technologies and optimization methods. Results: The monetary reserve models are analogies of models of storekeeping in supply chains. The specific area of the theoretical research of logistics is shown in this paper, which could be disclosed as the subject of financial logistics as a science. The authors consider the term “Financial Logistics” based on logistics theory and money demand. Conclusions: Authors suggest the methodology of studying the nature of both financial and material flows of resources by comparing the relevant formulas. From the researchers’ points of view, financial logistics could be defined as the theory of managing the cash flows based on the logistical models for calculating a corporation’s cash reserve. The authors find it interesting to expand the conditions for calculating financial flows since the uncertainty of external market conditions always influences actual commercial activity.
An Interoperability Framework for electromobility (INFRA): The main results from the USER-CHI framework implementation in a new spotlight
Authors: Csillak Katharina , Moreno Kuhnke Mariana 
Published: May 2022

In 2021 the number of electric vehicles (EV) circulating in the European Union (EU) was higher than ever before. The innovative solutions of the user centric charging infrastructure (USER-CHI) project aim at devising the basic guidelines for an interoperable charging infrastructure for EV. The future goal is for users to be able to charge “anywhere, anytime”. USER-CHI works towards a large-scale e-mobility market and the development of integrated smart solutions and new business models. These will be demonstrated in five urban areas, which are part of the Trans-European Transport Network corridor (Barcelona metropolitan area, Rome, Berlin, Budapest, and Turku). To make access to the charging infrastructure possible irrespectively of vehicle brands and operators, an analysis of the existing interoperability framework was considered essential within the USER-CHI project. Pursuant to this, the Institute for Climate Protection, Energy and Mobility (IKEM) developed INFRA (Interoperability Framework), a study that contains an analysis of the four layers that condition interoperability in the electromobility sector (organizational, semantic, technical and legal). Building on this analysis, the existing barriers for interoperability in each layer were identified and guidelines and recommendations were elaborated. The baseline of this paper are the role schemes, guidelines and recommendations elaborated for INFRA summarized in minimum requirements within each layer. The INFRA results are already available on CORDIS. In addition, further desk research shows the latest developments in the EU regarding electromobility and puts INFRA in the context of the most recent discourse. The new insights of this paper offer an updated overall short summary of the main requirements for an interoperability framework for electromobility in the EU. In conclusion the current developments underline the importance of the minimum requirements identified in INFRA and first steps towards a more interoperable infrastructure system have been taken.
To what extent does confounding explain the association between breastfeeding duration and cognitive development up to age 14? Findings from the UK Millennium Cohort Study
Authors: Pereyra-Elías Reneé , Quigley Maria A. , Carson Claire 
Published: May 2022

Background
Breastfeeding duration is associated with improved cognitive development in children, but it is unclear whether this is a causal relationship or due to confounding. This study evaluates whether the observed association is explained by socioeconomic position (SEP) and maternal cognitive ability.

Methods
Data from 7,855 singletons born in 2000–2002 and followed up to age 14 years within the UK Millennium Cohort Study were analysed. Mothers reported breastfeeding duration, and children’s cognitive abilities were assessed at 5, 7, 11, and 14 years using validated measures. Standardised verbal (age 5 to 14) and spatial (age 5 to 11) cognitive scores were compared across breastfeeding duration groups using multivariable linear mixed-effects models (repeated outcome measures).

Results
At all ages, longer breastfeeding durations were associated with higher cognitive scores after accounting for the child’s own characteristics. Adjustment for SEP approximately halved the effect sizes. Further adjustment for maternal cognitive scores removed the remaining associations at age 5, but not at ages 7, 11 and 14 (e.g.: verbal scores, age 14; breastfed ≥12 months vs never breastfed: 0.26 SD; 95%CI: 0.18, 0.34).

Conclusion
The associations between breastfeeding duration and cognitive scores persist after adjusting for SEP and maternal cognitive ability, however the effect was modest.
The relationship between medical comorbidities and health-related quality of life among adults with type 2 diabetes: The experience of different hospitals in southern Bangladesh
Authors: Mannan Adnan , Akter Farhana , Hasan A. Chy Naim Uddin , Alam Nazmul , Rana Md. Mashud , Chowdhury Nowshad Asgar , Hasan Md. Mahbub 
Published: May 2022

Objective
Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is a critical determinant to assess the severity of chronic diseases like diabetes mellitus. It has a close association with complications, comorbidities, and medical aid. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of medical comorbidities and determine the relationship between comorbidities and HRQoL among type 2 diabetic patients of southern Bangladesh.

Method
This study was a cross-sectional study conducted through face to face interviews using a pre-tested structured questionnaire and by reviewing patient’s health records with prior written consent. The study was conducted on 2,136 patients with type 2 diabetes attending five hospitals of Chattogram, Bangladesh, during the tenure of November 2018 to July 2019. Quality of life was measured using the widely-used index of EQ-5D that considers 243 different health states and uses a scale in which 0 indicates a health state equivalent to death and 1 indicates perfect health status. The five dimensions of the quality index included mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain or discomfort, and anxiety or depression.

Results
Patients with three comorbidities and with four or more comorbidities had a higher probability of reporting “extreme problem” or “some problem” in all five dimensions of the EQ-5D index compared with those without comorbidity (Odds ratio: mobility, 3.99 [2.72–5.87], 6.22 [3.80–10.19]; usual activity, 2.67 [1.76–4.06], 5.43 [3.28–8.98]; self-care, 2.60 [1.65–4.10], 3.95 [2.33–6.69]; pain or discomfort, 2.22 [1.48–3.33], 3.44 [1.83–6.45]; anxiety or depression, 1.75 [1.07–2.88], 2.45 [1.19–5.04]). The number of comorbidities had a negative impact on quality of life.

Conclusion
Prevalent comorbidities were found to be the significant underlying cause of declined HRQoL. To raise diabetes awareness and for better disease management, the exposition of comorbidities in regards to HRQoL of people with diabetes should be considered for type 2 diabetes management schemas.
Trends in social exposure to SARS-Cov-2 in France. Evidence from the national socio-epidemiological cohort–EPICOV
Authors: Warszawski Josiane , Meyer Laurence , Franck Jeanna-Eve , Rahib Delphine , Lydié Nathalie , Gosselin Anne , Counil Emilie , Kreling Robin , Novelli Sophie , Slama Remy , Raynaud Philippe , Bagein Guillaume , Costemalle Vianney , Sillard Patrick , Fourie Toscane , de Lamballerie Xavier , Bajos Nathalie ,   Epicov Team
Published: May 2022

Background
We aimed to study whether social patterns of exposure to SARS-CoV-2 infection changed in France throughout the year 2020, in light to the easing of social contact restrictions.

Methods
A population-based cohort of individuals aged 15 years or over was randomly selected from the national tax register to collect socio-economic data, migration history, and living conditions in May and November 2020. Home self-sampling on dried blood was proposed to a 10% random subsample in May and to all in November. A positive anti-SARS-CoV-2 ELISA IgG result against the virus spike protein (ELISA-S) was the primary outcome. The design, including sampling and post-stratification weights, was taken into account in univariate and multivariate analyses.

Results
Of the 134,391 participants in May, 107,759 completed the second questionnaire in November, and respectively 12,114 and 63,524 were tested. The national ELISA-S seroprevalence was 4.5% [95%CI: 4.0%-5.1%] in May and 6.2% [5.9%-6.6%] in November. It increased markedly in 18-24-year-old population from 4.8% to 10.0%, and among second-generation immigrants from outside Europe from 5.9% to 14.4%. This group remained strongly associated with seropositivity in November, after controlling for any contextual or individual variables, with an adjusted OR of 2.1 [1.7–2.7], compared to the majority population. In both periods, seroprevalence remained higher in healthcare professions than in other occupations.

Conclusion
The risk of Covid-19 infection increased among young people and second-generation migrants between the first and second epidemic waves, in a context of less strict social restrictions, which seems to have reinforced territorialized socialization among peers.
Factors associated with SARS-CoV-2-related hospital outcomes among and between persons living with and without diagnosed HIV infection in New York State
Authors: Rosenthal Elizabeth M. , Rosenberg Eli S. , Patterson Wendy , Ferguson Wendy P. , Gonzalez Charles , DeHovitz Jack , Udo Tomoko , Rajulu Deepa T. , Hart-Malloy Rachel , Tesoriero James 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundPersons living with diagnosed HIV (PLWDH) are at increased risk for severe illness due to COVID-19. The degree to which this due to HIV infection, comorbidities, or other factors remains unclear.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective matched cohort study of individuals hospitalized with COVID-19 in New York State between March and June 2020, during the first wave of the pandemic, to compare outcomes among 853 PLWDH and 1,621 persons without diagnosed HIV (controls). We reviewed medical records to compare sociodemographic and clinical characteristics at admission, comorbidities, and clinical outcomes between PLWDH and controls. HIV-related characteristics were evaluated among PLWDH.ResultsPLWDH were significantly more likely to have cardiovascular (matched prevalence-ratio [mPR], 1.22 [95% CI, 1.07–1.40]), chronic liver (mPR, 6.71 [95% CI, 4.75–9.48]), chronic lung (mPR, 1.76 [95% CI, 1.40–2.21]), and renal diseases (mPR, 1.77 [95% CI, 1.50–2.09]). PLWDH were less likely to have elevated inflammatory markers upon hospitalization. Relative to controls, PLWDH were 15% less likely to require mechanical ventilation or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) and 15% less likely to require admission to the intensive care unit. No significant differences were found in in-hospital mortality. PLWDH on tenofovir-containing regimens were significantly less likely to require mechanical ventilation or ECMO (risk-ratio [RR], 0.73 [95% CI, 0.55–0.96]) and to die (RR, 0.74 [95% CI, 0.57–0.96]) than PLWDH on non-tenofovir-containing regimens.ConclusionsWhile hospitalized PLWDH and controls had similar likelihood of in-hospital death, chronic disease profiles and degree of inflammation upon hospitalization differed. This may signal different mechanisms leading to severe COVID-19.
Performance Costume: New Perspectives and Methods, Sofia Pantouvaki and Peter McNeil (2021)
Authors: Sumner Abby 
Published: May 2022

Review of: Performance Costume: New Perspectives and Methods, Sofia Pantouvaki and Peter McNeil (2021)
London: Bloomsbury Visual Arts, 400 pp.,
ISBN: 978-1-35009-879-4, h/bk, $95.00
Association of Celiac Disease and Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Nationwide Register-Based Cohort Study
Authors: Mårild Karl , Söderling Jonas , Lebwohl Benjamin , Green Peter H.R. , Pinto-Sanchez Maria Ines , Halfvarson Jonas , Roelstraete Bjorn , Olén Ola , Ludvigsson Jonas F. 
Published: May 2022

INTRODUCTION:
To determine the risk of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in patients with celiac disease (CeD) (and vice versa) compared with general-population comparators.

METHODS:
Using Swedish histopathology and healthcare register data, we identified 48,551 patients with CeD and 83,529 with IBD diagnosed in 1969–2016. Each patient was compared with age- and sex-matched general-population comparators (CeD: n = 240,136; IBD: n = 408,195). Cox regression estimated hazard ratios (HRs) for IBD in patients with CeD and vice versa. Our main analyses were limited to events beyond the first year of follow-up to reduce potential surveillance bias.

RESULTS:
During follow-up, 784 (1.6%) patients with CeD were diagnosed with IBD compared with 1,015 (0.4%) matched comparators. In patients with CeD, the HR for IBD was 3.91 (95% confidence interval [CI] 3.56–4.31), with largely similar HRs for Crohn's disease (4.36; 3.72–5.11) and ulcerative colitis (3.40; 3.00–3.85). During follow-up, 644 (0.8%) patients with IBD and 597 (0.1%) comparators were diagnosed with CeD. The HR for CeD in patients with IBD was 5.49 (95% CI 4.90–6.16), with the highest risk estimates seen in ulcerative colitis (HR = 6.99; 6.07–8.05), and the HR for Crohn's disease was 3.31 (2.69–4.06). In patients with CeD and IBD, the diagnostic interval was usually <1 year; however, HRs of 3–4 were seen even after 10 years of follow-up. During 20 years of follow-up, 2.5% of patients with CeD developed incident IBD, and 1.3% of patients with IBD developed CeD.

DISCUSSION:
The bidirectional association between CeD diagnosis and IBD warrants attention in the initial assessment and follow-up of these conditions. Their co-occurrence, independent of temporal sequence, suggests shared etiology.
Association Between Family History of Gastric Cancer and the Risk of Gastric Cancer and Adenoma: A Nationwide Population-Based Study
Authors: Jung Yoon Suk , Xuan Tran Mai Thi , Park Boyoung , Moon Chang Mo 
Published: May 2022

INTRODUCTION:
A family history of gastric cancer (GC) is a well-known risk factor for GC. However, the association between family history of GC and the risk of GC and gastric adenoma according to the affected family members is unclear.

METHODS:
We analyzed the data of participants aged ≥40 years who underwent national GC screening between 2013 and 2014. Participants with and without a family history of GC among first-degree relatives were matched by age and sex in a 1:4 ratio.

RESULTS:
During a median follow-up of 4.9 years, 0.96% and 0.46% of 896,721 participants with a family history of GC and 0.65% and 0.32% of 3,586,884 participants without a family history of GC developed GC and gastric adenoma, respectively. A family history of GC among any first-degree relative was a risk factor for GC (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 1.48, 95% confidence interval 1.45–1.52) and gastric adenoma (HR 1.44, 95% confidence interval 1.39–1.50). The HRs for GC and gastric adenoma were higher in participants with a family history of GC in parents and siblings (2.26 and 2.19, respectively) than in those with a family history of GC in parents only (1.40 and 1.41, respectively) or siblings only (1.59 and 1.47, respectively). The HRs for GC in participants with vs without a family history of GC were 1.62, 1.55, and 1.42 in the 40–49, 50–59, and ≥60 years' age groups of participants, respectively. Similarly, the HRs for gastric adenoma increased with decreasing age of participants.

DISCUSSION:
A family history of GC was a risk factor for both GC and gastric adenoma. The risk of GC and gastric adenoma of the participants was higher when both parents and siblings had GC.
Sex‐specific mitochondrial dynamics and mitophagy response to muscle damage
Authors: Luk Hui‐Ying , Jiwan Nigel C. , Appell Casey R. , Levitt Danielle E. , Vingren Jakob L. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractMuscle damage imposes stress on mitochondria resulting in mitochondrial fusion, fission, and mitophagy. Testosterone is a regulator of these processes. However, no study has examined the effect of sex‐specific resistance exercise (RE)‐induced hormonal response on mitochondrial dynamics and mitophagy after muscle damage in untrained men and women. Untrained men and women performed two sessions of 80 unilateral maximal eccentric knee extensions (ECC) followed by upper‐body RE (ECC+RE) aimed to induce hormonal changes and maintain a similar lower body demands between conditions or 20 min seated rest (ECC+REST). Vastus lateralis samples were analyzed for gene and protein expression of OPA1, MFN1, DRP1, PINK1, and Parkin at baseline (BL), 12 and 24 h. Testosterone area under the curve was greater for ECC+RE than ECC+REST in men and was greater in men than women for both conditions. A significant time × sex × condition effect was found for Parkin protein expression. At 12 and 24 h, Parkin was lower for ECC + REST than ECC + RE for men; whereas, Parkin was increased at 24 h for women regardless of condition. A significant time effect was found for OPA1 protein expression increasing at 12 and 24 h. A significant time × sex × condition effects were found for MFN1, DRP1, and PINK1 gene expression with increases at 12 h in men for ECC + RE. A significant time × sex effect was found for OPA1 gene expression with a decrease at 12 h in men, and 12 h expression in men was lower than women. RE‐induced hormonal changes promoted expression of fission, fusion, and mitophagy markers in men. With muscle damage, regardless of condition, expression of inner mitochondrial membrane fusion markers are promoted in both sexes; whereas, those for mitophagy were promoted in women but reduced in men.
Evaluation of the in-plane shear properties of bamboo strips (Phyllostachys edulis) with the Iosipescu test and theoretical models based on composite mechanics
Authors: Li Zhi , Zhang Jingwei , Wang Rui 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Engineered bamboo products have been increasingly used in construction. However, there are few studies on its shear performance. Thus, the shear properties of bamboo lamina strips were investigated by the Iosipescu shear test. This study aimed to obtain the shear stress-strain curves and the lamina’s corresponding strength and modulus values, which can be used to design and model bamboo structural components. With this goal, 120 specimens were tested, considering the effect of loading directions on bamboo fiber, the existence of bamboo nodes, standard thickness, and fiber volume fraction. The characteristic shear strength values were also estimated based on the test data. Results show that the bamboo nodes and standard thickness have a negligible effect on the shear modulus and strength values. In contrast, the shear properties were determined by the loading directions and fiber volume fraction. The specimens’ measured shear strength and modulus loaded parallel/perpendicular to the bamboo fiber direction were about 10 MPa/15 MPa and 550 MPa/1000 MPa. The fiber and matrix-dominate failure modes were noticed for the specimens, and the unidirectional bio-fiber reinforced composite theoretical model could be used to predict the modulus values of fiber-dominate samples based on the measured volume fraction of the fiber.