bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effective prediction and resource allocation method (EPRAM) in fog computing environment for smart healthcare system
Authors: Talaat Fatma M. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractRecently, many concepts in technology has been changed. According to the digital transformation trends, Internet of Things (IoT) represents an interested research issue. As the IoT grows, the data and the processes will need more space. The data in cases like healthcare, smart cities, autonomous vehicles, smart agriculture, etc. needs to be analyzed and processed in real-time. Cisco refers to the dependence of edge and cloud as “The Fog”. The data can be analyzed at the fog layer to maximize data utilization. This paper presents a new Effective Prediction and Resource Allocation Methodology (EPRAM) for Fog environment, which is suitable for Healthcare applications. Resource Allocation (RA) represents a hard mission as it involves a set of various resources and fog nodes to achieve the required computations for IoT systems. EPRAM tries to achieve effective resource management in Fog environment via real-time resource allocating as well as prediction algorithm. EPRAM is composed of three main modules, namely: (i) Data Preprocessing Module (DPM), (ii) Resource Allocation Module (RAM) and (ii) Effective Prediction Module (EPM). The EPM uses the PNN to predict a target field, using one or more predictors. In order to detect the probability of the heart attack, PNN is trained using the training dataset. Then PNN will be tested using the user’s sensing data coming from the IoT layer to predict the probability of heart attack and then take the most appropriate action accordingly. The main goal of the system is to achieve a low latency while improving the Quality of Service (QoS) metrics such as (the allocation cost, the response time, bandwidth efficiency and energy consumption). Unlike other RA techniques, EPRAM employs deep Reinforcement Learning (RL) algorithm in a new manner. It also uses the PNN for the prediction algorithm. It has achieved such acceptable performance due to using deep RL and PNN. Deep RL has shown impressive promises in resource allocation. PNN generates accurate predicted target and is much faster than multilayer perceptron networks. Comparing the EPRAM with the state-of-the-art algorithms, EPRAM achieved the minimum Makespan as compared to previous LB algorithms, while maximizing the Average Resource Utilization (ARU) and the Load Balancing Level (LBL). Accordingly, EPRAM is a suitable algorithm in the case of real-time systems in FC which leads to load balancing. ERAM is effective in monitoring and predicting the status of the patient accurately and quickly.
Strategy for Cytoplasmic Delivery Using Inorganic Particles
Authors: Xu Zhi Ping Gordon 
Published: February 2022

AbstractEndosome escape is a key process for intracellular uptake of intact biomolecules and therapeutics, such as nucleic acids. Lysosome escape is a more common pathway during endocytosis, while some biomolecular, organic and inorganic materials are found to enhance the endosome escape, and several mechanisms have been proposed accordingly. Specifically, some inorganic nanomaterials show their unique mechanisms of action for enhanced endosome escape, including salt osmotic effect and gas blast effect. These inorganic nanomaterials are basically weakly alkaline and are naturally featured with the anti-acidification capacity, with limited solubility in neutral solutions. This review paper has briefly presented the strategies in the design of inorganic nanoparticle-based cellular delivery vehicles with endosome escapability and discussed a few typical inorganic nanomaterials that are currently widely examined for delivery purpose. A brief summary and prospect for this kind of inorganic nanomaterials are provided.
Decomposition of the Shrinking Middle-class and Directional Mobility in Finland 1995–2012
Authors: Remes Sami 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis paper investigates the middle-class decline in Finland from 1995 to 2012. The purpose is to examine how changes in the probabilities of belonging to the middle class in different socioeconomic groups have contributed to the middle-class decline while taking into account changes in the relative sizes of the groups. A decomposition analysis indicates that most of the decline has been due to the probability effect, especially among the least-educated population. Changes in age demographics and educational structure have contributed to the decline. The results of the decomposition are supported by mobility results, which indicate that individuals with a tertiary (no secondary) degree have been subject to upward (downward) mobility over the observed time period. In conclusion, the middle-class decline and polarization in Finland are asymmetrically reflected in different education groups. The highly educated have climbed up the income distribution, while the least educated have fallen.
Fluids, Molecules and Paradoxes of Infinity
Authors: Laraudogoitia Jon Pérez 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSeveral paradoxes of infinity have recently featured in this journal involving gases distributed in a denumerable infinite series of compartments. I shall demonstrate in this paper that:a) None of these new paradoxes applies where the gases comply with both Boyle’s law and Avogadro’s law. As several of these new paradoxes expressly require compliance with Boyle’s law, it is unclear, in principle, as to whether there is a plausible model of gas that is able to uphold them all.b) Notwithstanding a), any of the above paradoxes (and their variations) can be reinstated by acknowledging (contrary to what is widely assumed in the literature) that there are two distinct, non-equivalent concepts of ideal gas. Indeed, the various infinity puzzles actually enable a distinction to be made between the two concepts (which is a particularly elegant way of doing so).
Association Between the Frequent Use of Perineal Talcum Powder Products and Ovarian Cancer: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Woolen Sean A , Lazar Ann A. , Smith-Bindman Rebecca 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Risk of ovarian cancer in women with frequent perineal talcum powder product is not well understood. Prior systematic reviews focused on ever use. The purpose of this study is to estimate the association between frequent (at least 2 times per week) perineal talcum powder use and ovarian cancer.

Methods
A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted according to meta-analysis of observational studies in epidemiology guidelines. Study protocol was prospectively registered at PROSPERO (registration number CRD42020172720). Searches were performed in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases from their inception to August 2, 2021. Case-control and cohort studies were included if they reported frequent perineal talcum powder use and an adjusted odds ratio or hazard ratio for ovarian cancer. Review for inclusion, data extraction, and quality assessment (using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale [NOS]) were performed independently by two reviewers. Pooled adjusted odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals were generated from the random effects model. Heterogeneity was quantified with I2 statistic. Funnel plot and Eger’s test were performed to assess publication bias. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were performed for testing the robustness of the overall findings.

Results
Initial database searches returned 761 unique citations and after review, eleven studies describing 66,876 patients, and 6542 cancers were included (Cohen’s κ = 0.88). Publication quality was high (median NOS = 8, range: 4 to 9). Frequent talcum powder use was associated with an elevated risk of ovarian cancer (adjusted pooled summary odds ratio 1.47 (95% CI 1.31, 1.65, P<0.0001). There was no evidence of bias and low heterogeneity (I2= 24%, P=0.22). There was no meaningful difference limiting analysis to publications with a NOS quality score of 8 or 9 or limiting studies based on study design.

Conclusions
This review suggests an increased risk of ovarian cancer associated with frequent perineal powder exposure of 31–65%.
The burden of performing minimal access surgery: ergonomics survey results from 462 surgeons across Germany, the UK and the USA
Authors: Morton Jonathan , Stewart Grant D. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis international study aimed to understand, from the perspective of surgeons, their experience of performing minimal access surgery (MAS), to explore causes of discomfort while operating and the impact of poor ergonomics on surgeon welfare and career longevity across different specialties and techniques. A quantitative online survey was conducted in Germany, the UK and the USA from March to April 2019. The survey comprised 17 questions across four categories: demographics, intraoperative discomfort, effects on performance and anticipated consequences. In total, 462 surgeons completed the survey. Overall, 402 (87.0%) surgeons reported experiencing discomfort while operating at least ‘sometimes’. The peak professional performance age was perceived to be 45–49 years by 30.7% of surgeons, 50–54 by 26.4% and older than 55 by 10.1%. 86 (18.6%) surgeons felt it likely they would consider early retirement, of whom 83 were experiencing discomfort. Our findings highlight the continued unmet needs of surgeons performing MAS, with the overwhelming majority experiencing discomfort, frequently in the back, neck and shoulders, and many likely to consider early retirement consequently. Innovative solutions are needed to alleviate this physical burden and, in turn, prevent economic and societal impacts on healthcare systems resulting from MAS limiting surgeon longevity.
Pilot implementation to assess the feasibility and care team impact of an app-based interactive care plan to remotely monitor breast cancer survivors
Authors: Stan Daniela L. , Inselman Jonathan W. , Ridgeway Jennifer L. , Johnson Kaley N. , Christopherson Laura A. , McColley Samantha M. , Brown Julie K. , Phillips Sarah A. , Allen Summer V. , Hazelton Jennifer K. , Ruddy Kathryn J. , Haddad Tufia C. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Purpose

To assess the feasibility of an app-based, electronic health record (EHR)-integrated, interactive care plan (ICP) for breast cancer (BC) survivors.

Methods
A single-arm pilot study was conducted with female BC survivors. ICP tasks included quarterly quality of life (QOL) questionnaire; monthly assessments of fatigue, insomnia, sexual dysfunction, hot flashes, and recurrence symptoms; and daily activity reminders. Embedded decision trees escalated recurrence symptoms to providers. On-demand education was available for self-management of treatment-related toxicities. The primary objective was to assess patients’ engagement with ICP tasks against feasibility thresholds of 75% completion rate. Secondary objectives were evaluation of the system’s functionality to track and escalate symptoms appropriately, and care team impact measured by volume of escalation messages generated. We report preliminary results 6 months after the last patient enrolled.

Results
Twenty-three patients enrolled August to November 2020. Mean age was 50.1 years. All patients engaged with at least one ICP task. The monthly average task completion rates were 62% for the QOL questionnaire, 59% for symptom assessments, and 37% for activity reminders. Task completion rate decreased over time. Eleven of 253 symptoms and QOL questionnaires (4.3%) generated messages for care escalation.

Conclusion
Implementation of an app-based, EHR-integrated ICP in BC survivors was feasible and created minimal provider burden; however, patient engagement was below the feasibility threshold suggesting that changes may enhance broad implementation and adoption.

Implications for Cancer Survivors
An ICP may facilitate remote monitoring, symptom control, and recurrence surveillance for cancer survivors as strategies to enhance patient engagement are applied.
Manufacturing Processes for Permanent Magnets: Part I—Sintering and Casting
Authors: Cui Jun , Ormerod John , Parker David , Ott Ryan , Palasyuk Andriy , Mccall Scott , Paranthaman M. Parans , Kesler Michael S. , McGuire Michael A. , Nlebedim Ikenna C. , Pan Chaochao , Lograsso Thomas 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPermanent magnets (PMs) produce magnetic fields and maintain the field even in the presence of an opposing magnetic field. Electrical machines using permanent magnets are more efficient than those without. Currently, all known strong magnets contain rare earth (RE) elements, and they are core components of a wide range of applications including electric vehicles and wind turbines. RE elements such as Nd and Dy have become critical materials due to the growing demand and constrained supply. Improving the manufacturing process is effective in mitigating the RE criticality issue by reducing waste and improving parts consistency. In this article, the state of the industry for PM is reviewed in detail considering both the technical and economic drivers. The importance of RE elements is discussed along with their economic importance to green energy. The conventional sintering and casting manufacturing processes for commercial magnets, including Nd-Fe-B, Sm-Co, Alnico, and ferrite, are described in detail.
Managing of Dyslipidaemia Characterized by Accumulation of Triglyceride-Rich Lipoproteins
Authors: Visser Jolien , van Zwol Willemien , Kuivenhoven Jan Albert 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Purpose of Review
The accumulation of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRLs) in plasma in patients with familial chylomicronaemia syndrome (FCS) or severe hypertriglyceridemia is associated with an increased risk of potentially life-threatening pancreatitis. Elevated TRL levels have also been suggested to contribute to atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). This review provides the latest progress that has been made in this field of research.

Recent Findings
Apolipoprotein C-III and angiopoietin-like protein 3 play key roles in the metabolism of TRLs. Targeting their production in the liver or their presence in the circulation effectively reduces triglycerides in patients with FCS or severe hypertriglyceridemia. Attempts to reduce triglyceride synthesis in the small intestine have been halted. Early studies with a fibroblast growth factor 21 agonist have shown to reduce plasma triglycerides and hepatic steatosis and improve glucose homeostasis.

Summary
New drugs have recently been shown to effectively reduce plasma triglycerides which render hope for treating the risk of pancreatitis. Studies that have just been initiated will learn whether this unmet clinical will be met. It is too early to evaluate the potential of these drugs to reduce the risk of atherosclerosis through the reduction of triglycerides.
Social Determinants of Disease: HIV and COVID-19 Experiences
Authors: Beltran Raiza M. , Holloway Ian W. , Hong Chenglin , Miyashita Ayako , Cordero Luisita , Wu Elizabeth , Burris Katherine , Frew Paula M. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Purpose of Review
The differential impact of the COVID-19 and HIV pandemics on marginalized communities has renewed calls for more robust and deeper investigation into structural and social causes of health inequities contributing to these infections, including underlying factors related to systematic racism. Using the Social Determinants of Health (SDOH) framework, we analyzed parallel and divergent factors associated with COVID-19 and HIV/AIDS and the prevalence of disparate disease in diverse communities. We utilized PRISMA guidelines to identify relevant literature (N = 210 articles) that resulted in a review of 125 articles included in our synthesis.

Recent Findings
With racial health inequities as a core contributor to disease vulnerability, we also identified other factors such as economic stability, social and community support, the neighborhood and built environment, healthcare access and quality, and education access and quality as important socioecological considerations toward achieving health equity. Our review identifies structural and systematic factors that drive HIV and COVID-19 transmission.

Summary
Our review highlights the importance of not solely focusing on biomedical interventions as solutions to ending HIV and COVID-19, but rather call for building a more just public health and social service safety net that meets the needs of people at the intersection of multiple vulnerabilities.
Human iPSC-Derived Neural Models for Studying Alzheimer’s Disease: from Neural Stem Cells to Cerebral Organoids
Authors: Barak Martin , Fedorova Veronika , Pospisilova Veronika , Raska Jan , Vochyanova Simona , Sedmik Jiri , Hribkova Hana , Klimova Hana , Vanova Tereza , Bohaciakova Dasa 
Published: February 2022

AbstractDuring the past two decades, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have been widely used to study mechanisms of human neural development, disease modeling, and drug discovery in vitro. Especially in the field of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), where this treatment is lacking, tremendous effort has been put into the investigation of molecular mechanisms behind this disease using induced pluripotent stem cell-based models. Numerous of these studies have found either novel regulatory mechanisms that could be exploited to develop relevant drugs for AD treatment or have already tested small molecules on in vitro cultures, directly demonstrating their effect on amelioration of AD-associated pathology. This review thus summarizes currently used differentiation strategies of induced pluripotent stem cells towards neuronal and glial cell types and cerebral organoids and their utilization in modeling AD and potential drug discovery.
Graphical abstract
Chemical shift assignments of calmodulin bound to the β-subunit of a retinal cyclic nucleotide-gated channel (CNGB1)
Authors: Bej Aritra , Ames James B. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractRod cyclic nucleotide-gated (CNG) channels are formed by two protein subunits (CNGA1 and CNGB1). Calmodulin (CaM) binds to the cytosolic regulatory domain of CNGB1 and decreases the open probability of CNGA1/CNGB1 channels. The CaM binding site within bovine CNGB1 (residues 679–702) binds tightly to Ca2+-bound CaM, which promotes Ca2+-induced inactivation of CNGA1/CNGB1 channels in retinal rods. We report complete NMR chemical shift assignments of Ca2+-saturated CaM bound to the CaM-binding domain of CNGB1 (BMRB no. 51222).
Step Aside! VR-Based Evaluation of Adaptive Robot Conflict Resolution Strategies for Domestic Service Robots
Authors: Babel Franziska , Vogt Andrea , Hock Philipp , Kraus Johannes , Angerer Florian , Seufert Tina , Baumann Martin 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAs domestic service robots become more prevalent and act autonomously, conflicts of interest between humans and robots become more likely. Hereby, the robot shall be able to negotiate with humans effectively and appropriately to fulfill its tasks. One promising approach could be the imitation of human conflict resolution behaviour and the use of persuasive requests. The presented study complements previous work by investigating combinations of assertive and polite request elements (appeal, showing benefit, command), which have been found to be effective in HRI. The conflict resolution strategies each contained two types of requests, the order of which was varied to either mimic or contradict human conflict resolution behaviour. The strategies were also adapted to the users’ compliance behaviour. If the participant complied after the first request, no second request was issued. In a virtual reality experiment ($$N = 57$$N=57) with two trials, six different strategies were evaluated regarding user compliance, robot acceptance, trust, and fear and compared to a control condition featuring no request elements. The experiment featured a human-robot goal conflict scenario concerning household tasks at home. The results show that in trial 1, strategies reflecting human politeness and conflict resolution norms were more accepted, polite, and trustworthier than strategies entailing a command. No differences were found for trial 2. Overall, compliance rates were comparable to human-human-requests. Compliance rates did not differ between strategies. The contribution is twofold: presenting an experimental paradigm to investigate a human-robot conflict scenario and providing a first step to developing acceptable robot conflict resolution strategies based on human behaviour.
Discrete Fenchel duality for a pair of integrally convex and separable convex functions
Authors: Murota Kazuo , Tamura Akihisa 
Published: February 2022

AbstractDiscrete Fenchel duality is one of the central issues in discrete convex analysis. The Fenchel-type min–max theorem for a pair of integer-valued M$$^{\natural }$$

♮

-convex functions generalizes the min–max formulas for polymatroid intersection and valuated matroid intersection. In this paper we establish a Fenchel-type min–max formula for a pair of integer-valued integrally convex and separable convex functions. Integrally convex functions constitute a fundamental function class in discrete convex analysis, including both M$$^{\natural }$$

♮

-convex functions and L$$^{\natural }$$

♮

-convex functions, whereas separable convex functions are characterized as those functions which are both M$$^{\natural }$$

♮

-convex and L$$^{\natural }$$

♮

-convex. The theorem is proved by revealing a kind of box integrality of subgradients of an integer-valued integrally convex function. The proof is based on the Fourier–Motzkin elimination.
Effect of wear debris on fretting fatigue crack initiation
Authors: Wang Shengjie , Yue Tongyan , Wang Dagang , Abdel Wahab Magd 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBoth wear and fatigue occur in fretting condition, and they interact with one another during the whole process. Fretting fatigue is commonly analysed without considering the effect of wear in partial slip regime, although wear affects the lifetime of crack initiation. This paper investigates, for the first time, the effect of wear debris on fretting fatigue crack initiation. To investigate the effect of debris, first fretting wear characteristics in partial slip regime are analysed for loading conditions. Then, the effect of wear on fretting fatigue crack initiation is investigated using Ruiz parameters and critical plane methods without considering the debris effect. Through the results, we can see that loading conditions affect the wear profiles in different ways. Moreover, wear has a significant effect on the fatigue in partial slip regime without considering debris especially on the crack initiation location. Finally, considering wear debris in the analysis, its effect on critical plane parameters is investigated. It is found that by considering the wear debris effect, the fretting fatigue crack initiation location is shifted towards the trailing edge. The predictions of both crack initiation location and lifetime show a good agreement with the experimental data.