bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pandemic effects in the Solow growth model
Authors: Carmona Julio , León Ángel 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe show how diseases can affect economic growth in a Solow growth model, with population growth and no technical progress, but modified to include a saving rate that depends on the individual health status. We successively insert this model into the SIS (susceptible–infected–susceptible) and SIR (susceptible–infected–recovered) models of disease spreading. In these two models, the spread of the infection proceeds according to the so‐called basic reproductive number. This number determines in which of the two possible equilibria, the disease‐free or the pandemic equilibrium, the economy ends. We show that output per capita is always lower in the pandemic steady state, which implies a contraction in the economy's production possibilities frontier.
The natural product argentatin C attenuates postoperative pain via inhibition of voltage‐gated sodium and T‐type voltage‐gated calcium channels
Authors: Duran Paz , Loya‐López Santiago , Ran Dongzhi , Tang Cheng , Calderon‐Rivera Aida , Gomez Kimberly , Stratton Harrison J. , Huang Sun , Xu Ya‐ming , Wijeratne E. M. Kithsiri , Perez‐Miller Samantha , Shan Zhiming , Cai Song , Gabrielsen Anna T. , Dorame Angie , Masterson Kyleigh A. , Alsbiei Omar , Madura Cynthia L. , Luo Guoqin , Moutal Aubin , Streicher John , Zamponi Gerald W. , Gunatilaka A. A. Leslie , Khanna Rajesh 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackground and PurposePostoperative pain occurs in as many as 70% of surgeries performed worldwide. Postoperative pain management still relies on opioids despite their negative consequences, resulting in a public health crisis. Therefore, it is important to develop alternative therapies to treat chronic pain. Natural products derived from medicinal plants are potential sources of novel biologically active compounds for development of safe analgesics. In this study, we screened a library of natural products to identify small molecules that target the activity of voltage‐gated sodium and calcium channels that have important roles in nociceptive sensory processing.Experimental ApproachFractions derived from the Native American medicinal plant, Parthenium incanum, were assessed using depolarization‐evoked calcium influx in rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons. Further separation of these fractions yielded a cycloartane‐type triterpene identified as argentatin C, which was additionally evaluated using whole‐cell voltage and current‐clamp electrophysiology, and behavioural analysis in a mouse model of postsurgical pain.Key ResultsArgentatin C blocked the activity of both voltage‐gated sodium and low‐voltage‐activated (LVA) calcium channels in calcium imaging assays. Docking analysis predicted that argentatin C may bind to NaV1.7–1.9 and CaV3.1–3.3 channels. Furthermore, argentatin C decreased Na+ and T‐type Ca2+ currents as well as excitability in rat and macaque DRG neurons, and reversed mechanical allodynia in a mouse model of postsurgical pain.Conclusion and ImplicationsThese results suggest that the dual effect of argentatin C on voltage‐gated sodium and calcium channels supports its potential as a novel treatment for painful conditions.
Expanding allelic and phenotypic spectrum of ZC4H2‐related disorder: A novel hypomorphic variant and high prevalence of tethered cord
Authors: Wongkittichote Parith , Choi Tae‐Ik , Kim Oc‐Hee , Riley Kacie , Koeberl Dwight , Narayanan Vinodh , Ramsey Keri , Balak Chris , Schwartz Charles E. , Cueto‐Gonzalez Anna Maria , Casadesus Francina Munell , Kim Cheol‐Hee , Shinawi Marwan S. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractZC4H2 (MIM# 300897) is a nuclear factor involved in various cellular processes including proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells, ventral spinal patterning and osteogenic and myogenic processes. Pathogenic variants in ZC4H2 have been associated with Wieacker‐Wolff syndrome (MIM# 314580), an X‐linked neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by arthrogryposis, development delay, hypotonia, feeding difficulties, poor growth, skeletal abnormalities, and dysmorphic features. Zebrafish zc4h2 null mutants recapitulated the human phenotype, showed complete loss of vsx2 expression in brain, and exhibited abnormal swimming and balance problems. Here we report 7 new patients (four males and three females) with ZC4H2‐related disorder from six unrelated families. Four of the 6 ZC4H2 variants are novel: three missense variants, designated as c.142T>A (p.Tyr48Asn), c.558G>A (p.Met186Ile) and c.602C>T (p.Pro201Leu), and a nonsense variant, c.618C>A (p.Cys206*). Two variants were previously reported : a nonsense variant c.199C>T (p.Arg67*) and a splice site variant (c.225+5G>A). Five patients were on the severe spectrum of clinical findings, two of whom had early death. The male patient harboring the p.Met186Ile variant and the female patient that carries the p.Pro201Leu variant have a relatively mild phenotype. Of note, 4/7 patients had a tethered cord that required a surgical repair. We also demonstrate and discuss previously under‐recognized phenotypic features including sleep apnea, arrhythmia, hypoglycemia, and unexpected early death. To study the effect of the missense variants, we performed microinjection of human ZC4H2 wild‐type or variant mRNAs into zc4h2 null mutant zebrafish embryos. The p.Met186Ile mRNA variant was able to partially rescue vsx2 expression while p.Tyr48Asn and p.Pro201Leu mRNA variants were not. However, swimming and balance problems could not be rescued by any of these variants. These results suggest that the p.Met186Ile is a hypomorphic allele. Our work expands the genotypes and phenotypes associated with ZC4H2‐related disorder and demonstrates that the zebrafish system is a reliable method to determine the pathogenicity of ZC4H2 variants.
Robust surgical scheduling for nonoperating room anesthesia (NORA) under surgical duration uncertainty
Authors: Wang Jian‐Jun , Dai Zongli , Chang Jasmine , Shi Jim (Junmin) , Liu Haiguan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractNonoperating room anesthesia (NORA) refers to the practice and administration of anesthesia or sedation outside the operating room (OR), which has been increasingly implemented in practice. The novelty of NORA is to separate the anesthesia preoperative stage from an OR for the sake of saving OR time and improving its efficiency. In this article, we study the scheduling problem for NORA considering both anesthetic rooms (ARs) and operating rooms (ORs) based on ambiguous information about surgical durations. Our goal is to devise a robust and efficient scheduling mechanism for NORA. To address this problem, we develop a two‐stage mixed‐integer Robust Optimization (RO) model that minimizes the total costs, including the sum of operating costs of opened ORs and ARs, delay cost of surgeries, and overtime cost of ORs. Decisions include the number of ARs and ORs to open, the allocation of patients to ARs and ORs, the sequence of surgeries, and the planned starting time for each surgery. Accordingly, a heuristic algorithm, so‐called column‐and‐constraint generation (C&CG), is developed that renders a desirable performance. Some salient properties of the problem are also discussed. In addition, by leveraging practical data in conjunction with data reported in the extant research, the computational efficacy of the proposed algorithm is verified under various sets of parameters. Our numerical experiments reveal that (1) the implementation of NORA can reduce the OR overtime cost and the waiting time of patients; (2) our proposed Robust Optimization (RO) model possesses stronger robustness and computational efficiency than the distributionally robust model (DRO); and (3) while considering surgical duration uncertainty, the developed scheduling approach outperforms the corresponding deterministic setting in terms of decreasing the total cost and alleviating the surgery delay. Generally, the proposed approach is more adaptive to take the advantage of the surgical duration uncertainty to enhance its efficacy.
A novel agonist for the HGF receptor MET promotes differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells into hepatocyte‐like cells
Authors: Tauran Yannick , Lereau‐Bernier Myriam , Segard Bertrand David , Danoy Mathieu , Kimura Keiichi , Shinohara Marie , Brioude Arnaud , Sakai Yasuyuki , de Jonge Hugo , Melnyk Oleg , Vicogne Jérôme , Leclerc Eric 
Published: October 2022

AbstractHepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is the natural ligand of the MET receptor tyrosine kinase. This ligand–receptor couple is essential for the maturation process of hepatocytes. Previously, the rational design of a synthetic protein based on the assembly of two K1 domains from HGF led to the production of a potent and stable MET receptor agonist. In this study, we compared the effects of K1K1 with HGF during the differentiation of hepatocyte progenitors derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs). In vitro, K1K1, in the range of 20 to 200 nM, successfully substituted for HGF and efficiently activated ERK downstream signaling. Analysis of the levels of hepatocyte markers showed typical liver mRNA and protein expression (HNF4α, albumin, alpha‐fetoprotein, CYP3A4) and phenotypes. Although full maturation was not achieved, the results suggest that K1K1 is an attractive candidate MET agonist suitable for replacing complex and expensive HGF treatments to induce hepatic differentiation of hiPSCs.
Assessing climate‐induced range shifts of stream fishes using a consensus framework
Authors: Kirk Mark A. , Rahel Frank J. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDocumenting climate‐induced range shifts of freshwater fish is difficult because there are few spatially representative, long‐term data sets with re‐surveys of the same location over time. While such standardised data sets would allow for the identification of range shifts, most data sets are confounded by changing sampling priorities and methodologies through time. Finding a robust framework for detecting climate‐induced range shifts thus remains a research priority. Using a database from stream surveys conducted during the period 1957–2019, we employed a multi‐method framework for determining whether 10 stream fish species (nine warm‐water, one cold‐water) have exhibited elevational range shifts within the North Platte River watershed, Wyoming, USA. By employing a combination of different approaches (predictive reference models, quantile regressions, spatial aggregations), we produced a consensus framework for determining whether observed range expansions and range contractions were consistent across species. The weight of evidence from our consensus framework (>50% of all modelling approaches) indicated strong support for upstream range expansions of three (33%) warm‐water species, including a long‐established nonnative species (common carp [Cyprinus carpio]). The consensus framework revealed no evidence for range contractions of one cold‐water trout species (brown trout [Salmo trutta]). As global climate change continues, the value of historical datasets for evaluating pre‐warming, baseline conditions will increase. Given the methodological limitations of different analytical approaches, our findings illustrate that consensus frameworks based on the weight of evidence can improve confidence in the detection of climate‐induced range shifts when robust historical data sets are lacking.
National de‐delegation in multi‐level settings: Independent regulatory agencies in Europe
Authors: Rangoni Bernardo , Thatcher Mark 
Published: October 2022

AbstractNational politicians in Europe have created independent regulatory agencies (IRAs) with significant powers over markets such as communications and energy. After delegation, they have engaged in institutional politicization of IRAs and undertaken numerous attempted or actual de‐delegations. Yet overall de‐delegation over the period 2000–2020 has been limited, as many de‐delegations have been abandoned, temporary or reversed, and also counterbalanced by extensions of IRA powers. The article examines different explanations for this pattern. It looks especially at Europeanization, which has operated through normative and particularly coercive mechanisms. EU coercion has involved threats of legal action, monitoring and enforcement of existing EU legal requirements, and EU legislation expanding IRA powers and protection. IRAs are more vulnerable to de‐delegation than trustee non‐majoritarian institutions because their position can be altered with simple legislative majorities. Yet even for such agents, the ability of national politicians to reverse delegation is constrained by multi‐level institutional settings.
Vacancies among appointees in U.S. federal agencies: Implications for employee attitudes and intentions
Authors: Rutherford Amanda , Hameduddin Taha 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAttention to vacancies in appointee positions subject to U.S. Senate confirmation has grown dramatically. Research regarding appointee vacancies commonly assumes negative consequences—loss of political control, promotion of second‐rate subordinates, undermined teamwork—for public agencies though little empirical work exists to confirm such expectations. This study tests whether vacancies at the top of U.S. federal agencies influence job satisfaction and turnover intention among upper‐level employees. Using vacancy data and multiple waves of the Federal Human Capital Survey/Federal Employee Viewpoint Survey, we find that upper‐level employees report marginally higher levels of satisfaction when vacancies occur. Further, these vacancies have a negative association with individual‐level intent to leave an agency for another job in the federal government, signaling a higher likelihood that institutional knowledge is maintained.
The European Union's migration management aid: Developing democracies or supporting authoritarianism?
Authors: Norman Kelsey P. , Micinski Nicholas R. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe European Union and its member states have invested billions of euros in migration management programs that purport to promote “good migration governance” around the world. But what is the impact of migration management aid on governance outside of the EU? In this article, we theorise the impact of migration management aid on governance in recipient countries by analysing the key policy areas of intervention. To do so, we focus on the effects of the European Union Emergency Trust Fund for Africa and draw on data collected from policy and government documents, in addition to secondary literature, to understand how migration management aid negatively impacts institutions of governance in recipient countries. While migration management aid may build the capacity of states to monitor borders and prevent irregular migration, we argue that this fails to account for negative externalities including human rights abuses and increased surveillance for migrants and citizens alike.
Virtual reality to foster empathy in disability workers: A feasibility study during COVID‐19
Authors: Wilding Clare , Young Kimberleigh , Cummins Caroline , Bowler Craig , Dean Trent , Lakhani Ali , Blackberry Irene 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundEmpathy is a critical skill required by disability workers. Virtual reality may increase access to staff training to foster empathy.MethodA mixed methods feasibility study investigated a custom‐built virtual reality program, IMercyVE, which aimed to immerse a disability worker in a first‐person perspective of having intellectual disability. Data were collected through online surveys (n = 9) completed before and after use of IMercyVE, and by videoconference focus groups (n = 6).ResultsQualitative findings included that IMercyVE delivered a novel experience for participants and a distinctive mode of learning that assisted participants to deepen their levels of empathy. Descriptive analyses of the surveys indicated that participants' empathy increased after engaging with IMercyVE.ConclusionsIMercyVE has the potential to be offered as a remotely delivered and flexible staff training modality suitable for building empathy. Further research with a larger sample is warranted.
D‐galactose‐induced cardiac ageing: A review of model establishment and potential interventions
Authors: Wang Sui‐sui , Zhang Xu , Ke Ze‐zhi , Wen Xiu‐yun , Li Wei‐dong , Liu Wen‐bin , Zhuang Xiao‐dong , Liao Li‐zhen 
Published: October 2022

AbstractCardiovascular disease (CVD) is highly prevalent in an ageing society. The increased incidence and mortality rates of CVD are global issues endangering human health. There is an urgent requirement for understanding the aetiology and pathogenesis of CVD and developing possible interventions for preventing CVD in ageing hearts. It is necessary to select appropriate models and treatment methods. The D‐galactose‐induced cardiac ageing model possesses the advantages of low mortality, short time and low cost and has been increasingly used in the study of cardiovascular diseases in recent years. Therefore, understanding the latest progress in D‐galactose‐induced cardiac ageing is valuable. This review highlights the recent progress and potential therapeutic interventions used in D‐galactose‐induced cardiac ageing in recent years by providing a comprehensive summary of D‐galactose‐induced cardiac ageing in vivo and in vitro. This review may serve as reference literature for future research on age‐related heart diseases.
Structure–process interaction in mass transfer processes: Application of ethanol and ultrasound in a vascular structure
Authors: Saavedra Juan , de Oliveira Gomes Bruna , Augusto Pedro E. D. , Rojas Meliza Lindsay , Miano Alberto Claudio 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis study aimed to evaluate the application of ultrasound and/or ethanol technologies prior to convective drying in samples with a particular vascular structure (pineapple core). Pineapple cores were cut in parallel (Lc) or perpendicularly (Tc) oriented to vascular bundles (VB). Effects on drying kinetics (50°C, ~1.0 m/s), shrinkage, rehydration kinetics (25°C), size recovery, and texture (50% uniaxial compression) were evaluated. Drying kinetics was fitted to Page model and rehydration kinetics to Peleg model. As main results, a reduction in drying time up to 60% was observed when the combined pretreatment for 10 min was applied in Tc samples. Regarding shrinkage, the Tc samples better preserved their diameter (>53%), while the Lc samples better preserved their height (>73%) after drying, which was explained by the parallel orientation of the VB to each dimension. In addition, Tc samples showed higher rehydration rate while the Lc samples showed greater water retention (~12 more). After rehydration, samples recovered their height and diameter by more than 70%. Furthermore, principal component analysis suggested that differences in shrinkage due to VB orientation are very related to rehydration kinetics characteristics. These results contribute to better explaining the technology–process–structure interaction.Practical ApplicationThis work contributes to explain the interaction between structure, and ethanol‐ultrasound pretreatment during drying and rehydration process. Consequently, providing knowledge about condition on which is better to use these approaches. For instance, depending on the pretreatment time, drying process can be hindered or improved. Furthermore, these results help to find better drying strategies for faster fruits waste drying, since pineapple core can be used as food ingredient and animal feed. Therefore, contributing to circular economy reusing food processing waste.
Deposit Insurance and Depositor Monitoring: Quasi‐Experimental Evidence from the Creation of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
Authors: ANDERSON HAELIM , RICHARDSON GARY , YANG BRIAN 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe Banking Acts of 1933 and 1935 insured deposits up to $5,000 and limited interest paid by commercial banks. This essay uses a treatment‐and‐control estimation strategy to determine how those reforms influenced depositors’ reactions to information about banks’ balance sheets by comparing preferred and regular depositors at New York state banks. Before deposit insurance, regular depositors reacted more to information about banks, while preferred depositors reacted less. After, this difference diminished and almost disappeared. This change indicates insurance reduced monitoring, although depositors’ continued response to some information indicates that large, uninsured depositors continued to monitor banks, as the legislation intended.
Safety and effectiveness of uterine fibroid embolization in patients with scarred uterus
Authors: Ma Saebyol , Jeon Gyeong Sik , Kim Kyoung Ah , Kim Hyeon Chul , Kim Yong Min , Lee Chan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAimTo evaluate the safety and effectiveness of uterine fibroid embolization (UFE) in patients with a scarred uterus caused by a previous myomectomy or cesarean section.MethodsA total of 140 patients who underwent embolization for symptomatic fibroids were included in this retrospective study. The patients were divided into two groups, those with a history of myomectomy and/or cesarean section (scarred uterus group, n = 56), and those without surgical history involving the uterus (no‐scar group, n = 84). Demographics, embolization details, outcomes, and complications were analyzed.ResultsThe overall clinical success rate was 89.28% in the scarred uterus group and 95.24% in the no‐scar group. There was no statistical difference in infarction rate or change in fibroid volume in follow‐up magnetic resonance imaging between the groups. There was one major complication in the no‐scar group, but there was no statistical difference in complications between the groups. The mean follow‐up period was 25.9 months. The mean symptom‐free time was 27.2 months in the scarred uterus group and 21.9 months in the no‐scar group without a significant difference. There were no statistically significant differences in symptom changes, recurrence, and complication rates between the groups. Recurrence seen on imaging or regrowth was more common in the group with myomectomy history. However, there was no significant difference in symptom recurrence rates.ConclusionNo statistically significant difference in technical and clinical outcomes was observed between the two groups. There was no significant increase in complication rates of UFE in scarred uterus group.
Opportunity or Threat? Exploring Middle Manager Roles in the Face of Digital Transformation
Authors: Van Doorn Sebastiaan , Georgakakis Dimitrios , Oehmichen Jana , Reimer Marko 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWith the proliferation of automation technology, controversy concerning the impact of digital automation on middle‐managers’ strategic importance is rising. Some scholars adopt an ‘automation‐as‐a‐threat’ view to argue that digital automation replaces middle‐managers’ strategic value. On the contrary, others take an ‘automation‐as‐an‐opportunity’ view to underscore the role accumulation advantages digital automation offers for individuals in organizations. We acknowledge this debate and develop a contingency‐based role‐theoretical framework, suggesting that the impact of automation on middle‐managers’ strategic involvement depends on: (a) the nature of the middle‐management tasks subject to automation, and (b) the level of the individual middle‐manager's task‐related expertise and simultaneous role embeddedness – as defined by their position tenure. We test our framework using longitudinal survey data from German, Swiss and Austrian firms at four time points. Overall, our work takes an important step toward unravelling the complex and contingent impact of digital automation on middle‐managers’ strategic involvement in contemporary organizations.