bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Overreaction and momentum in the Vietnamese stock market
Authors: Quy Duong Le , Bertrand Philippe 
Published: August 2022

PurposeAlthough the solid empirical proof of momentum is documented in various stock markets, there are many debates among academics with respect to the source of momentum profit. The first aim of this paper is intensively re-examine the momentum profit in Vietnam, an important emerging market. Secondly, the authors study the return predictability of a measure of investors’ overreaction, then examine whether the momentum effect in Vietnam is explained by overreaction.Design/methodology/approachUsing the weekly data of more than 300 non-financial Vietnamese stocks during 2009–2019, the authors build a measure of investors’ overreaction, which is based on trading volume and the sign of stock returns. Consequently, to investigate whether momentum exits after controlling for overreaction, the authors carefully compare trading strategies based on overreaction with price momentum strategies using adjusted returns and double sorts on past returns and levels of overreaction.FindingsThe article makes three main findings. Firstly, the authors discover the empirical evidence of momentum in the Vietnamese equity market. Secondly, the measure of overreaction could be a predictor of Vietnamese stock returns. Stocks that have experienced a stronger upward overreaction provide a higher average return. Finally, returns on trading strategies based on overreaction are robust after adjusting for momentum, while returns on momentum portfolios become insignificant after adjusting for overreaction. By double-sorting, the authors document that holding past returns constant, the average returns of portfolios rise monotonically with their measure of overreaction. Hence, the momentum profit in Vietnam arises from investors’ overreaction.Originality/valueThe paper extends previous research on the behavioral explanation of momentum in emerging stock markets, which has not been fully exploited in the literature.
Collegiality, emotional labour and compassion in the academy: an autoethnographic study of Covid-19
Authors: Konstantinou Iro , Miller Elizabeth 
Published: August 2022

PurposeThe paper draws upon autoethnographic accounts from two academic staff in a private higher education institution (HEI) in London, UK who try to make sense of their teaching and learning practices during the pandemic. Even though studies have looked into the impact of Covid-19 on teaching and learning and on students, this paper reflects on the experience of lecturers with a focus on their emotional labour and stressors during remote teaching and working.Design/methodology/approachThis is a small case study of two colleagues from a small private institution in London, UK, which is based on autoethnography. The authors draw on personal notes, emails and other written artefacts alongside our memories of our lived experiences of the pandemic.FindingsThe authors’ reflections focus on the need for institutional collegiality as avenues to network and collaborate beyond institutions which have been limited (despite the increased interactions online) and the need to acknowledge emotional labour while providing spaces for staff to discuss their everyday experiences. The authors argue for a renewed importance for creating a sense of community during times of uncertainty and beyond. If these structures are put into place, the conditions to support teaching and learning will also strengthened.Originality/valueThere is a dearth in research which discusses emotional labour and the importance of community and collegiality on campuses and in the new way of working remotely. This paper adds to the empirical basis of such research and hopes to encourage others to share their experiences of emotional labour in the academy.
Very early evolution from the perspective of microbial ecology
Authors: Goldman Aaron D. , Kaçar Betül 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe universal ancestor at the root of the species tree of life depicts a population of organisms with a surprising degree of complexity, posessing genomes and translation systems much like that of microbial life today. As the first life forms were most likely to have been simple replicators, considerable evolutionary change must have taken place prior to the last universal common ancestor. It is often assumed that the lack of earlier branches on the tree of life is due to a prevalence of random horizontal gene transfer that obscured the delineations between lineages and hindered their divergence. Therefore, principles of microbial evolution and ecology may give us some insight into these early stages in the history of life. Here, we synthesize the current understanding of organismal and genome evolution from the perspective of microbial ecology and apply these evolutionary principles to the earliest stages of life on Earth. We focus especially on broad evolutionary modes pertaining to horizontal gene transfer, pangenome structure, and microbial mat communities.
Spatial frequency of randomly acquired characteristics on outsoles
Authors: Richetelli Nicole , Speir Jacqueline A. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe highest levels of source association in forensic footwear comparison rely on the agreement between randomly acquired characteristics (RACs) identified on questioned and exemplar test impressions. These features are presumed to be randomly acquired and independent. However, independent acquisition does not necessarily mean these features will be uniformly distributed across an outsole. The aim of this research was to determine if the distribution of RACs in a research dataset could be described by an inhomogeneous Poisson point process based on tread contact and wear. To achieve this goal, RAC spatial frequency from an empirical dataset of shoes was compared against simulated and modeled data assuming a Poisson point process. Deviations in count between the empirical and simulated/modeled predictions were examined using a Poisson rate test and Moran's I. Results indicate that RAC frequency over 67%–79% of an outsole can be reasonably well explained as a Poisson point process or by a Poisson generalized linear regression model (non‐spatial GLM) with tread contact as a predictor. Moreover, if the predictor is extended to include both tread contact and wear, RAC counts over 84% of the spatial locations on an outsole are well‐explained (although autocorrelation persists). Overall, results indicate that RACs are not uniformly distributed in this dataset, most likely because the factors that dictate RAC development (friction, gait, etc.) are not uniformly distributed. Although this observation in no way negates the use of RACs in forming source associations, the value of a correspondence can differ depending on its spatial location.
Standardizing No Net Loss Stream Mitigation Assessment Methods: Tradeoffs between Expediency and River Science
Authors: Peimer Alex W. , Rhoads Bruce L. , Bassett Thomas J. 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACTEnvironmental regulators use No Net Loss policies to minimize the damaging impacts of development projects on water resources. In this context, regulators prefer standard environmental assessment protocols over ad hoc approaches. This article examines how the St. Louis District of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (the Corps) directed the development of statewide standard stream mitigation assessment protocols in Missouri and Illinois to comply with Section 404 of the Clean Water Act. Protocol development in each state included Corps district representatives along with river scientists and various stakeholders. A primary tension in these discussions centered on the tradeoff between the efficiency of using the protocol vs. its scientific rigor. While consensus in Missouri was achieved by leveraging statewide agreements, Illinois lacked similar agreements and included a wider range of scientific participants, which hindered consensus. Despite these differences, the two states produced remarkably similar stream assessment methods. The similarity largely reflected the authority that Corps districts had over the Section 404 process and their privileging of simple and flexible stream mitigation assessments that can be used across different Corps districts. This study provides insights into the social processes that shape no net loss assessment protocols and the practical challenges of protecting the environmental quality of streams.
Massive blood transfusion following older adult trauma: The effect of blood ratios on mortality
Authors: Hohle Rae D. , Wothe Jillian K. , Hillmann Benjamin M. , Tignanelli Christopher J. , Harmon James V. , Vakayil Victor R. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundMassive blood transfusion (MBT) following older adult trauma poses unique challenges. Despite extensive evidence on optimal resuscitative strategies in the younger adult patients, there is limited research in the older adult population.MethodsWe used the Trauma Quality Improvement Program (TQIP) database from 2013 to 2017 to identify all patients over 65 years old who received a MBT. We stratified our population into six fresh‐frozen plasma:packed red blood cell (FFP:pRBC) ratio cohorts (1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, 1:5, 1:6+). Our primary outcomes were 24‐h and 30‐day mortality. We constructed multivariable regression models with 1:1 group as the baseline and adjusted for confounders to estimate the independent effect of blood ratios on mortality.ResultsA total of 3134 patients met our inclusion criteria (median age 73 ± 7.6 years, 65% male). On risk‐adjusted multivariable analysis, 1:1 FFP:pRBC ratio was independently associated with lowest 24‐h mortality (1:2 odds ratio [OR] 1.60, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.25–2.06, p < 0.001) and 30‐day mortality (1:2 OR 1.44, 95% CI 1.15–1.80, p = 0.002).ConclusionsCompared to all other ratios, the 1:1 FFP:pRBC ratio had the lowest 24‐h and 30‐day mortality following older adult trauma consistent with findings in the younger adult population.
Ayahuasca Calling: Sacredness and the Emergence of Shamanic Vocations in Denmark and Peru
Authors: Petersen Margit Anne , Feldes Sarah , Cova Victor Sacha 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis article addresses the sacredness of Ayahuasca from the perspective of the global shamanic vocation. If encounters with Ayahuasca are said to revitalize forms of sacredness in contemporary societies, this is perhaps clearest in cases where individuals understand themselves to be called to lead ceremonies. Recognizing the global scale of Ayahuasca shamanism, we compare facilitators of ceremonies in two societies to discern differences and similarities in how Ayahuasca vocations exist in differently modernized societies: Peru, a predominantly Catholic society with a substantial Indigenous Amazonian population and an active Ayahuasca shamanism tourism sector, and Denmark, a secular society in Northern Europe, where Ayahuasca is illegal. Building on recent reappraisals of Weber’s reflection on vocation and Durkheim’s theory of the sacred, we argue that being called by Ayahuasca to follow shamanic vocations in contemporary societies leads to tensions around the need to both justify and resist the rationalization of Ayahuasca.
“The Capital of Love”: Activists Resisting the Stigmas of Malmö through Storytelling
Authors: Hansen Christina 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis article examines the effects of an anti‐racist narrative of a neighbourhood in Malmö, an important site of pro‐migrant and anti‐racist activism in Sweden. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork conducted in 2013–2016, the article analyses how this narrative was constructed as an effort to challenge the “crime‐due‐to‐immigration‐discourse” otherwise associated with Malmö and supported by far‐right political parties and their sympathisers in Sweden. The activists’ place‐based narratives constitute attempts of commoning and of prefiguring a certain future of the city as anti‐racist. This article shows how a certain narration of a place in a particular urban context enables and encourages a strong activist space, important when conducting large‐scale struggles for social justice and equality.
The association of chiral characteristic with drug withdrawal due to safety: A comparative analysis
Authors: Aydin Volkan , Bahar Ayfer , Vizdiklar Caner , Akici Ahmet 
Published: August 2022

AimsChirality of drugs might be associated with safety issues through pharmacokinetic or pharmacodynamic variations, interactions, or direct toxicological responses. We aimed to compare chiral status of the available drugs to that of drugs withdrawn due to adverse drug reactions (ADRs).MethodsWe searched the literature regarding withdrawn drugs due to safety‐related issues (n = 391) to compare them with all available small‐molecule drugs (n = 1633). We examined their chiral status and assigned as achiral compound, chiral mixture or pure enantiomer. We compared the mean survival (i.e., nonwithdrawal) time and withdrawal rates of drugs by their chirality, with further stratification by the launch year, ATC‐1 (Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical) level and ADR.ResultsWe identified higher withdrawal rate in achiral drugs (hazard ratio 2.1, 95% CI: 1.6–2.7) and chiral mixtures (hazard ratio 2.6, 95% CI: 1.9–3.5) compared to that in pure enantiomers. Pure enantiomers had the longest mean survival time (62.4 ± 0.8 years), followed by achiral drugs (55.4 ± 0.9 years,P < .01) and chiral mixtures (52.4 ± 1.4 years,P < .01). Pure enantiomers had higher survival rates than chiral mixtures if launched before 1941 (P = .02), in 1961–1980 (P < .001) or 1981–2000 (P < .001). Pure enantiomers had lower withdrawal rate (18.2%)vs. chiral mixtures (35.1%,P = .02) in nervous system drugs. Pure enantiomers had lower withdrawal rate than chiral mixtures in hepatotoxic (P < .01) and cardiovascular ADRs (P < .01).ConclusionOur study showed lower likelihood of withdrawal for pure enantiomers compared to that in chiral mixtures and achiral drugs, which was more remarkable for those launched in certain time periods and several ADRs, including hepatotoxicity and cardiovascular toxicity.
A synthesis of deimatic behaviour
Authors: Drinkwater Eleanor , Allen William L. , Endler John A. , Hanlon Roger T. , Holmes Grace , Homziak Nicholas T. , Kang Changku , Leavell Brian C. , Lehtonen Jussi , Loeffler‐Henry Karl , Ratcliffe John M. , Rowe Candy , Ruxton Graeme D. , Sherratt Tom N. , Skelhorn John , Skojec Chelsea , Smart Hannah R. , White Thomas E. , Yack Jayne E. , Young Catherine M. , Umbers Kate D. L. 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACTDeimatic behaviours, also referred to as startle behaviours, are used against predators and rivals. Although many are spectacular, their proximate and ultimate causes remain unclear. In this review we aim to synthesise what is known about deimatic behaviour and identify knowledge gaps. We propose a working hypothesis for deimatic behaviour, and discuss the available evidence for the evolution, ontogeny, causation, and survival value of deimatic behaviour using Tinbergen's Four Questions as a framework. Our overarching aim is to direct future research by suggesting ways to address the most pressing questions in this field.
Congenital cytomegalovirus infection with brainstem hemorrhage and polymicrogyria: Necropsic and histopathological findings
Authors: Arredondo Montero Javier , Bronte Anaut Mónica , Caballero Martínez María Cristina , Fernández Seara Maria Pilar , Martín‐Calvo Nerea 
Published: August 2022

AbstractCongenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection can cause severe neurological sequelae or even fetal death. We present a 17‐year‐old pregnant woman with fetal CMV infection, leading to voluntary termination of pregnancy. Fetopsy demonstrated a brainstem hemorrhage and focal polymicrogyria. CMV inclusions were observed in the lung, liver, thyroid, pancreas, kidneys, adrenal, placenta, and central nervous system. Intracranial hemorrhage is a rare finding in the context of congenital CMV infection, with isolated brainstem hemorrhage being an exceptional form of presentation. Polymicrogyria appears to be a more frequent finding, although its actual incidence is unknown. Future studies are needed to determine the causal association.
Sex‐specific shifts in morphology and diet in a frog after 50 years of anthropogenic habitat fragmentation
Authors: Wu Qiang , Aubret Fabien , Wu Lingbing , Ding Ping 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAimPhenotypic shifts are commonly observed when animals face insular habitat change and may reflect ongoing stresses on individuals. However, the generality and the driving processes of this ‘island rule’ remain equivocal, notably in amphibians. Here, we investigate both morphological and dietary shifts in a frog using a mosaic of human‐created islands to assess the potential operating mechanisms underlying these phenotypic responses.LocationThousand Island Lake, China.TaxonThe Chinese piebald odorous frog,Odorrana schmackeri.MethodsWe compared body size between insular and mainland populations and between sexes. We examined the potential underlying mechanisms regarding body size shifts using structural equation modelling (SEM). Finally, we analysed changes in diet composition and compared intersexual diet overlap between islands and mainland sites.ResultsWe found insular dwarfism in female but not male frogs. Meanwhile, insular females also had smaller gape widths than mainland females after accounting for snout‐vent lengths (SVLs). According to SEMs, resource availability had a direct positive effect on body size. Finally, diet composition differed between the island and mainland populations but only in females. Males and females on islands exhibited greater overlaps in the diet.Main conclusionsIn contrast with most studies in amphibians, we found insular dwarfism rather than gigantism in females. The smaller gape width after accounting for SVL in insular females suggests potential changes in prey utilization or food availability on these human‐created islands. This notion is further supported by the differentiation of diet composition between island and mainland females. The higher diet overlap between sexes implies stronger intersexual competition for food resources after habitat fragmentation. Overall, we found rapid shifts in morphology and diet in frogs, which might result from habitat fragmentation in only 50 years and underscore the need to consider intersexual differences when assessing responses of species to anthropogenic disturbances.
Qualidade dos instrumentos que avaliam Atividade e Participação de pessoas com distrofia muscular: uma revisão sistemática de medidas de resultado relatadas pelos pacientes
Authors: Andrade Keysy K. S. , Soares Luana A. , Macedo Caik C. , Bispo Nelcilaine R. , Sousa Junior Ricardo R. , Oliveira Vinícius C. , Leite Hércules R. , Gaiad Thaís P. 
Published: August 2022

ResumoObjetivoIdentificar os instrumentos de avaliação para pessoas com distrofia muscular e investigar a qualidade/nível de evidência de suas propriedades de medidas.MétodosUma revisão sistemática de medidas de resultado relatadas pelos pacientes foi conduzida nas bases de dados MEDLINE, Embase, AMED, DiTA e PsycINFO em agosto de 2020. Foram incluídos estudos psicométricos que investigaram a validade, confiabilidade e responsividade de instrumentos de medida que avaliam atividade e participação para distrofia muscular de qualquer tipo (Duchenne, becker, cinturas, facioescapuloumeral, congênita e miotônica) e idade. Dois revisores independentes selecionaram os estudos, extraíram dados e avaliaram a qualidade e nível de evidência dos instrumentos de medida seguindo o checklist COnsensus‐based Standards for the Selection of health status Measurement INstruments (COSMIN).ResultadosA busca identificou 6675 referências; um total de 46 estudos com 28 instrumentos de medida de condição‐específica ou genéricos foram incluídos. As propriedades de medidas da maioria dos instrumentos tiveram resultados suficientes (68.8%) ou indeterminados (25.7%) de acordo com o COSMIN. A qualidade da evidência das propriedades de medidas foi moderada (23.8%) ou baixa (22.6%) de acordo com o Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE).InterpretaçãoExistem poucos instrumentos de medida de alta qualidade que tiveram suas propriedades adequadamente medidas. O instrumento com maior qualidade é o Muscular Dystrophy Functional Rating Scale. O Motor Function Measure (instrumento genérico), Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy Upper‐limb Patient‐reported Outcome Measure, North Star Ambulatory Assessment e Myotonic Dystrophy Type 1 Activity and Participation Scale for Clinical Use (específicos) também são recomendados.
Interplay between abiotic and microbial biofilm‐mediated processes for travertine formation: Insights from a thermal spring (Piscine Carletti, Viterbo, Italy)
Authors: Venturi Stefania , Crognale Simona , Di Benedetto Francesco , Montegrossi Giordano , Casentini Barbara , Amalfitano Stefano , Baroni Tommaso , Rossetti Simona , Tassi Franco , Capecchiacci Francesco , Vaselli Orlando , Fazi Stefano 
Published: August 2022

AbstractActive hydrothermal travertine systems are ideal environments to investigate how abiotic and biotic processes affect mineralization mechanisms and mineral fabric formation. In this study, a biogeochemical characterization of waters, dissolved gases, and microbial mats was performed together with a mineralogical investigation on travertine encrustations occurring at the outflow channel of a thermal spring. The comprehensive model, compiled by means of TOUGHREACT computational tool from measured parameters, revealed that mineral phases were differently influenced by either abiotic conditions or microbially driven processes. Microbial mats are shaped by light availability and temperature gradient of waters flowing along the channel. Mineralogical features were homogeneous throughout the system, with euhedral calcite crystals, related to inorganic precipitation induced by CO2 degassing, and calcite shrubs associated with organomineralization processes, thus indicating an indirect microbial participation to the mineral deposition (microbially influenced calcite). The microbial activity played a role in driving calcite redissolution processes, resulting in circular pits on calcite crystal surfaces possibly related to the metabolic activity of sulfur‐oxidizing bacteria found at a high relative abundance within the biofilm community. Sulfur oxidation might also explain the occurrence of gypsum crystals embedded in microbial mats, since gypsum precipitation could be induced by a local increase in sulfate concentration mediated by S‐oxidizing bacteria, regardless of the overall undersaturated environmental conditions. Moreover, the absence of gypsum dissolution suggested the capability of microbial biofilm in modulating the mobility of chemical species by providing a protective envelope on gypsum crystals.
Compliance with government policies during emergencies: Trust, participation and protective actions
Authors: Mizrahi Shlomo , Cohen Nissim , Vigoda‐Gadot Eran , Krup Dana Natan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWhen and why do citizens comply with government policies and restrictions during emergencies? We investigate possible answers to this question. We propose a mediation model where trust in government and emergency organizations as well as perceived government effectiveness mediate the relationships between participation in decision making and the willingness to comply. We also utilize the protective action decision‐making model where perceptions about protective actions and threats can add to the explanation. Using a national survey distributed to a representative sample of the Israeli population during the wake of a second wave of the spread of Covid‐19, we found that the willingness to comply during emergencies is related to these research variables. Participation in decision‐making appears to be the main variable, but it is negatively related to the willingness to comply. We conclude that the public sector should develop and improve communication and participatory mechanisms with citizens specifically for emergencies.