bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identifying children with medical complexity in administrative datasets in a Canadian context: study protocol
Authors: McCulloch Holly , Breneol Sydney , Stewart Samuel A , Magalhaes Sandra , Somerville Mari , Sheriko Jordan , Best Shauna , Burgess Stacy , Jeffers Elizabeth , Standing Mary-Ann , King Sarah , Clegg Julie , Curran Janet A 
Published: March 2022

IntroductionChildren with medical complexity and their families are an important population of interest within the Canadian healthcare system. Despite representing less than 1% of the paediatric population, children with medical complexity require extensive care and account for one third of paediatric healthcare expenditures. Opportunities to conduct research to assess disparities in care and appropriate allocation of health resources relies on the ability to accurately identify this heterogeneous group of children. This study aims to better understand the population of children with medical complexity in the Canadian Maritimes, including Nova Scotia (NS), New Brunswick (NB) and Prince Edward Island (PEI). This will be achieved through three objectives: (1) Evaluate the performance of three algorithms to identify children with medical complexity in the Canadian Maritimes in administrative data; then using the ‘best fit’ algorithm (2) Estimate the prevalence of children with medical complexity in the Canadian Maritimes from 2003 to 2017 and (3) Describe patterns of healthcare utilisation for this cohort of children across the Canadian Maritimes.Methods and analysisThe research will be conducted in three phases. In Phase 1, an expert panel will codevelop a gold-standard definition of paediatric medical complexity relevant to the Canadian Maritime population. A two-gate validation process will then be conducted using NS data and the gold-standard definition to determine the ‘best fit’ algorithm. During phase 2 the ‘best fit’ algorithm will be applied to estimate the prevalence of children with medical complexity in NS, NB and PEI. Finally, in phase 3 will describe patterns of healthcare utilisation across the Canadian Maritimes.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval for this protocol was granted by the institutional research ethics board at the IWK Health Centre (REB # 1026245). A waiver of consent was approved. This study will use an integrated knowledge translation approach, where end users are involved in each stage of the project, which could increase uptake of the research into policy and practice. The findings of this research study will be submitted for publication and dissemination through conference presentations and with our end users.
Impact of the COVID-19-induced lockdown on the incidence of ocular trauma presenting to a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Pande Ranjana , Mohod Smita Sachin , V Padmapriya , Shanbhag Siddhi , Kumar Nandish S 
Published: March 2022

ObjectiveTo assess the effects of lockdown and unlock phases mandated in view of COVID-19 on the incidence and characteristics of ocular trauma presenting to a tertiary care hospital.Methods and AnalysisThe study was carried out as a hospital record based retrospective comparative analysis on patients presenting with ocular trauma in the lockdown period (March–July 2020) compared with the same time frame of the previous year considered as prelockdown period (March–July 2019) and during the unlock phases (August–December 2020).ResultsOverall, the casualty department saw 464 patients of ocular trauma in the prelockdown period, 173 in the lockdown and 253 in unlock. The study showed a 44% reduction in patients visiting the casualty department for trauma during the lockdown compared with prelockdown, and a 62% reduction specifically in ocular trauma. The unlock phase showed a 21% reduction in ocular trauma compared with prelockdown and a 41% increase compared with the lockdown. In all three phases, the majority of people affected by ocular trauma were middle aged males from a rural background, sustained by assault. The lockdown saw a decrease in outdoor assaults (45%) and road traffic accidents (22%). Trauma sustained by females (18%) increased in the lockdown, as did home-based assaults (150%) and sexual assaults. The presentation of trauma, especially road traffic accidents and outdoor assaults saw a steady rise during the unlock.ConclusionThe lockdown mandated by the government in response to the COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on the trends of trauma presenting to healthcare facilities. There was a decrease in the overall number of patients approaching the casualty during the lockdown. However, during the lockdown, there was an increase in home-based trauma as opposed to outdoor assaults being the primary cause of trauma prior to the lockdown.
Rationale and design of the PROspective ATHletic Heart (Pro@Heart) study: long-term assessment of the determinants of cardiac remodelling and its clinical consequences in endurance athletes
Authors: De Bosscher Ruben , Dausin Christophe , Janssens Kristel , Bogaert Jan , Elliott Adrian , Ghekiere Olivier , Van De Heyning Caroline M , Sanders Prashanthan , Kalman Jonathan , Fatkin Diane , Herbots Lieven , Willems Rik , Heidbuchel Hein , La Gerche André , Claessen Guido 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundExercise-induced cardiac remodelling (EICR) results from the structural, functional and electrical adaptations to exercise. Despite similar sports participation, EICR varies and some athletes develop phenotypic features that overlap with cardiomyopathies. Training load and genotype may explain some of the variation; however, exercise ‘dose’ has lacked rigorous quantification. Few have investigated the association between EICR and genotype.Objectives(1) To identify the impact of training load and genotype on the variance of EICR in elite endurance athletes and (2) determine how EICR and its determinants are associated with physical performance, health benefits and cardiac pathology.MethodsThe Pro@Heart study is a multicentre prospective cohort trial. Three hundred elite endurance athletes aged 14–23 years will have comprehensive cardiovascular phenotyping using echocardiography, cardiac MRI, 12-lead ECG, exercise-ECG and 24-hour-Holter monitoring. Genotype will be determined using a custom cardiomyopathy gene panel and high-density single-nucleotide polymorphism arrays. Follow-up will include online tracking of training load. Cardiac phenotyping will be repeated at 2, 5, 10 and 20 years.ResultsThe primary endpoint of the Pro@Heart study is the association of EICR with both training load and genotype. The latter will include rare variants in cardiomyopathy-associated genes and polygenic risk scores for cardiovascular traits. Secondary endpoints are the incidence of atrial and ventricular arrhythmias, physical performance and health benefits and their association with training load and genotype.ConclusionThe Pro@Heart study is the first long-term cohort study to assess the impact of training load and genotype on EICR.Trial registration numberNCT05164328; ACTRN12618000716268.
Mindfulness-based therapies for cancer patients and families: a systematic review
Authors: Torricelli Laura , Rabitti Elisa , Cafaro Valentina , Cavuto Silvio , De Vincenzo Francesco , Cavuoto Maristella , Turola Elena , Di Leo Silvia 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundMindfulness-based therapies (MBTs) addressed to patients with cancer have been widely studied in the last two decades, and their efficacy has been systematically reviewed and meta-analysed. Although findings from literature highlight benefits of MBTs on several patients’ health outcomes, these should be appraised taking into consideration the characteristics of the selected studies. In this systematic review, we summarised the current evidence of the efficacy of MBTs in improving the quality of life of both patients with cancer and their relatives, with a focus on the methodological quality, type of MBT evaluated and population involved in existing randomised controlled trials (RCTs).MethodsWe searched English language articles published until February 2021. Couples of authors independently applied inclusion criteria and extracted findings. Thirty RCTs were included.ResultsNearly half of the studies were performed in English-speaking countries outside of Europe, with females diagnosed with breast cancer. Most considered heterogeneous phases of illness; one study only was performed on relatives. In most cases, different measures were employed to evaluate the same outcome. The efficacy of MBTs has been demonstrated in 25 of the 30 included articles. The methodological quality of RCTs was acceptable.ConclusionThe heterogeneity of studies’ characteristics makes findings on the efficacy of MBTs poorly informative with reference to different clinical and cancer-related psychological conditions. Studies on more homogeneous samples by cancer site and phase, as well as performed in different cultural contexts, could provide a basis for better evaluating and targeting MBTs’ protocols for the specific needs of patients with cancer and their relatives.
Faecal calprotectin is a surrogate marker of biliary inflammation in primary sclerosing cholangitis associated inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Pavlidis Polychronis , Joshi Deepak , El Sherif Yasser , Warner Ben , Gulati Shraddha , Alexander James , Cross Gemma , Dew Tracy , Arqoub Hadil Abu , Devlin John , Heneghan Michael , Dubois Patrick , Bjarnason Ingvar , Powell Nick , Hayee Bu'Hussain 
Published: March 2022

ObjectiveFaecal calprotectin (fCAL) is an established marker of intestinal inflammation in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Disproportionally high fCAL levels, for the severity of intestinal inflammation, have been previously observed in primary sclerosing cholangitis associated IBD (PSC-IBD). The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that fCAL is a marker of biliary injury in PSC-IBD.MethodsWe used two cohorts: (1) post hoc analysis of a colonoscopic surveillance study allowing correlation of fCAL to endoscopic severity as measured by the ulcerative colitis endoscopic index of severity (UCEIS) in PSC-IBD (n=20) and ulcerative colitis (UC, n=20) and (2) prospective recruitment of patients attending for endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography allowed the correlation of fCAL to biliary calprotectin (n=8).ResultsA strong correlation was seen between fCAL and UCEIS in UC (r=0.821, 95% CI (0.585 to 0.929), p<0.0001). In PSC-IBD, the correlation was weaker (r=0.596, 95% CI (0.195 to 0.8260), p=0.006). PSC-IBD patients with endoscopically quiescent colitis (UCEIS: 0–1) had higher fCAL than patients with UC (279 µg/g, IQR (68–601) vs 30 µg/g, IQR (14–107), p=0.015) . This was associated with higher risk of biliary complications like need for antibiotics or instrumentation (HR 16.39, 95% CI (2.98 to 90.25)) rather than colitis flares (follow-up: 12 months). Calprotectin measured in faeces correlated positively with biliary calprotectin (r=0.898, p=0.0024).ConclusionfCAL is a surrogate marker for biliary inflammation in PSC-IBD.Trial registration numberNCT02543021.
New Tsallis holographic dark energy
Authors: Pandey Bramha Dutta , Kumar P. Suresh , Pankaj  , Sharma Umesh Kumar 
Published: March 2022

AbstractTsallis entropy is a generalization of the Boltzmann–Gibbs entropy in statistical theory which uses a parameter $$\delta $$
δ
to measure the deviation from the standard scenario quantitatively. Using concepts of Tsallis entropy and future event horizon, we construct a new Tsallis holographic dark energy model. The parameters c and $$\delta $$
δ
will be used to characterize various aspects of the model. Analytical expressions for various cosmological parameters such as the differential equation describing the evolution of the effective dark energy density parameter, the equation of state parameter and the deceleration parameter are obtained. The equation of state parameter for the current model exhibits the pure quintessence behaviour for $$c>1$$

c
>
1

, quintom behaviour for $$c<1$$

c
<
1

whereas the $$\Lambda $$
Λ
CDM model is recovered for $$c=1$$

c
=
1

. To analyze the thermal history of the universe, we obtained the expression for the deceleration parameter and found that for $$z \approx 0.6$$

z
≈
0.6

, the phase transits from deceleration to acceleration.
Corruption red flags in public procurement: new evidence from Italian calls for tenders
Authors: Decarolis Francesco , Giorgiantonio Cristina 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis paper contributes to the analysis of quantitative indicators (i.e.,red flagsorscreens) to detect corruption in public procurement. It presents an approach to evaluate corruption risk in public tenders through standardized ML tools applied to detailed data on the content of calls for tenders. The method is applied to roadwork contracts in Italy and three main contributions are reported. First, the study expands the set of commonly discussed indicators in the literature to new ones derived from operative practices of police forces and the judiciary. Second, using novel and unique data on firm-level corruption risk, this study validates the effectiveness of the indicators. Third, it quantifies the increased corruption-prediction ability when indicators that are known to be unavailable to the corruption-monitoring authority are included in the prediction exercise. Regarding the specific red flags, we find a systematic association between high corruption risk and the use of multi-parameter awarding criteria. Furthermore, predictability of the red flag makes them ineffective as prediction tools: the most obvious and scrutinized red flags are either uncorrelated with corruption or, even, negatively associated with it, as it is the case for invoking special procedures due to “urgency,” or the extent of publicity of the call for tender.
The effect of anti-money laundering policies: an empirical network analysis
Authors: Gerbrands Peter , Unger Brigitte , Getzner Michael , Ferwerda Joras 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAimThere is a growing literature analyzing money laundering and the policies to fight it, but the overall effectiveness of anti-money laundering policies is still unclear. This paper investigates whether anti-money laundering policies affect the behavior of money launderers and their networks.MethodWith an algorithm to match clusters over time, we build a unique dataset of multi-mode, undirected, binary, dynamic networks of natural and legal persons. The data includes ownership and employment relations and associated financial ties and is enriched with criminal records and police-related activities. The networks of money launderers, other criminals, and non-criminal individuals are analyzed and compared with temporal social network analysis techniques and panel data regressions on centrality measures, transitivity and assortativity indicators, and levels of constraint.FindingsWe find that after the announcement of the fourth EU anti-money laundering directive in 2015, money laundering networks show a significant increase in the use of foreigners and corporate structures. At the individual level, money launderers become more dominant in criminal clusters (increased closeness centrality). This paper shows that (the announcement of) anti-money laundering policies can affect criminal networks and how such effects can be tested.
EVALUATION OF METALLURGICAL CHARACTERIZATION AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF AA7075/ZrB2 IN SITU AMCs AFTER FRICTION STIR PROCESSING
Authors: NALLUSAMY M. , KIRAN K. , SURIYAPRAKASH M. 
Published: March 2022

Many researchers have attempted to join Aluminum Matrix Composites (AMCs) using traditional fusion welding processes resulting in the formation of porosity, segregation, coarse microstructure, brittle intermetallic compounds and corrosion of ceramic particles. Friction Stir Processing (FSP) is the latest solid-state technique to achieve the homogeneous dispersion of reinforcement particles in the friction stir processed zone of AMCs [M. Shamanian, E. Bahrami, H. Edris and M. R. Nasresfahani, Surf. Rev. Lett. 25 (2018) 1950010]. The most widely used reinforcing material since the inception of FSP is inorganic (metallic) powders such as silicon carbide, titanium alloy, graphene, iron, stainless steel, nitrides and oxides, and fewer works have been reported on organic powders (i.e. bioprocessing using agro-waste powders) such as fly ash, palm kernel shell ash, coconut shell ash and rice husk ash [O. M. Ikumapayi, E. T. Akinlabi, S. K. Pal and J. D. Majumdar, Procedia Manuf. 35 (2019) 935]. In this work, the effect of FSP on the changes in metallurgical characterization and mechanical properties of AA7075/(3, 6 and 9) vol.% ZrB2 in situ AMCs was observed. After performing FSP, the AMCs were characterized using Scanning Electron Microscope and the mechanical properties such as Ultimate Tensile Strength and microhardness on the processed zone of the AMCs were calculated. The effect of FSP on AA7075/ (3, 6 and 9) vol.% ZrB2 in situ AMCs was investigated. The fracture morphologies on the processed surface of the AMCs were evaluated.
Therapeutic Targets for Heart Failure Identified Using Proteomics and Mendelian Randomization
Authors: Henry Albert , Gordillo-Marañón María , Finan Chris , Schmidt Amand F. , Ferreira João Pedro , Karra Ravi , Sundström Johan , Lind Lars , Ärnlöv Johan , Zannad Faiez , Mälarstig Anders , Hingorani Aroon D. , Lumbers R. Thomas ,   HERMES and SCALLOP Consortia
Published: March 2022

Background:
Heart failure (HF) is a highly prevalent disorder for which disease mechanisms are incompletely understood. The discovery of disease-associated proteins with causal genetic evidence provides an opportunity to identify new therapeutic targets.

Methods:

We investigated the observational and causal associations of 90 cardiovascular proteins, which were measured using affinity-based proteomic assays. First, we estimated the associations of 90 cardiovascular proteins with incident heart failure by means of a fixed-effect meta-analysis of 4 population-based studies, composed of a total of 3019 participants with 732 HF events. The causal effects of HF-associated proteins were then investigated by Mendelian randomization, using
cis
-protein quantitative loci genetic instruments identified from genomewide association studies in more than 30 000 individuals. To improve the precision of causal estimates, we implemented an Mendelian randomization model that accounted for linkage disequilibrium between instruments and tested the robustness of causal estimates through a multiverse sensitivity analysis that included up to 120 combinations of instrument selection parameters and Mendelian randomization models per protein. The druggability of candidate proteins was surveyed, and mechanism of action and potential on-target side effects were explored with cross-trait Mendelian randomization analysis.

Results:

Forty-four of ninety proteins were positively associated with risk of incident HF (
P
<6.0×10
–4
). Among these, 8 proteins had evidence of a causal association with HF that was robust to multiverse sensitivity analysis: higher CSF-1 (macrophage colony-stimulating factor 1), Gal-3 (galectin-3) and KIM-1 (kidney injury molecule 1) were positively associated with risk of HF, whereas higher ADM (adrenomedullin), CHI3L1 (chitinase-3-like protein 1), CTSL1 (cathepsin L1), FGF-23 (fibroblast growth factor 23), and MMP-12 (matrix metalloproteinase-12) were protective. Therapeutics targeting ADM and Gal-3 are currently under evaluation in clinical trials, and all the remaining proteins were considered druggable, except KIM-1.

Conclusions:
We identified 44 circulating proteins that were associated with incident HF, of which 8 showed evidence of a causal relationship and 7 were druggable, including adrenomedullin, which represents a particularly promising drug target. Our approach demonstrates a tractable roadmap for the triangulation of population genomic and proteomic data for the prioritization of therapeutic targets for complex human diseases.
The Jerusalem Temple and Jewish Identity between Pseudo-Hegesippus and Sefer Yosippon: The Discursive Aftermath of Josephus’ Temple Ekphrasis
Authors: Bay Carson 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Josephus’ Temple ekphrasis in his Jewish War (5.136–247) is a significant literary monument. The description of this quintessential Jewish holy place has a great deal to do with Jewish identity. In the late fourth century, the Latin Christian author Pseudo-Hegesippus, in his work On the Destruction of Jerusalem, rewrote the Temple description to emphasize Christian identity as central to the Temple’s construction, not Jewish identity. In the tenth century, the Jewish author of the Hebrew Sefer Yosippon rewrote the Temple description again to emphasize Jewish identity. By reading these Greek, Latin, and Hebrew Temple descriptions comparatively, one may identify an ongoing identity discourse about Jewish and/or Christian identity vis-à-vis the Jerusalem Temple. These three accounts, with each subsequent account based on the one that came before, illustrate a back-and-forth discussion between Jewish and Christian authors across a millennium about what the Temple means and is/was for Jews and Christians.
Being a Jewish Soldier in the Grande Armée: The Memoirs of Jakob Meyer during the Napoleonic Wars (1808–1813)
Authors: Renard Nils 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The Memoirs of Jakob Meyer offer a precious account of what Jewish soldiers experienced during the Napoleonic wars. Written in German in 1836–1838, they were translated into French and published, thanks to the work of Ernest Kallmann and Françoise Lyon-Caen (J. Meyer, Jakob Meyer, soldat de Napoléon. Mes aventures de guerre, 1808–1813 [Paris 2009]). The narrative of Meyer’s experience is a unique testimony of the way Jewish soldiers experienced their being Jewish, while indicating the way in which Jews reacted to wars. From his idealistic enlistment in the army, driven by hopes of emancipation, to the disaster of the Russian campaign and retreat, we follow Meyer, who seems to get closer to Jewish communities and his Jewish identity, while the dislocation of the Grande Armée makes these communities’ help increasingly more valuable. This narrative can be interrogated through the anthropological categories of ‘Jewish Warrior’ and ‘War Jew.’
Palestine
Authors: Awawda Osayd 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Since 2007, the overall situation in Palestine has been in constant decline on almost all levels: the rule of law, economy, political stability, human rights, and social security. The main reason for this decline is the vicious continuance of the state of emergency following the parliament’s suspension in 2007 and its dissolution by the Supreme Constitutional Court in December 2018. President Abbas (Abu Mazen) is still maliciously exploiting the state of emergency to maintain his grip on power and preserve his clique cohesion. This was noted in two significant events that have taken place in the last year: the assassination of the political and human rights activist Nizar Banat, and the postponement of the parliamentary and presidential elections.
Direct Constitutional Challenges in Kuwait
Authors: Alhamidah Khalifah Thamer 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
While the Kuwaiti Constitution of 1962 instituted a Constitutional Court, the latter was not established by the law until 1973. Yet individuals were forced to resort to it through indirect constitutional challenges. Nevertheless, in 2014, the legislature took a big step toward making the court more accessible to individuals by granting them the ability to raise these challenges through the direct process. This paper focuses on two procedures to challenge the constitutionality of legislation before the constitutional court of Kuwait.