bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative transcriptome and proteome reveal synergistic functions of differentially expressed genes and proteins implicated in an over‐dominant silkworm heterosis of increased silk yield
Authors: Xiao Rui , Yuan Yi , Xia Hengchuan , Ge Qi , Chen Liang , Zhu Feifei , Xu Jia , Wang Xueqi , Fan Yixuan , Wang Qiang , Yang Yanhua , Chen Keping 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWe previously observed an over‐dominant silkworm heterosis of increased yield in a cross of Bombyx mori nuclear polyhydrosis virus‐resistant strain NB with a susceptible strain 306. In the present study, we found that heterosis also exists in crosses of NB with other susceptible strains, indicating it is a more general phenomenon. We performed comparative transcriptome and proteome and identified 1624 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 298 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in silk glands between parents and F1 hybrids, of which 24 DEGs/DEPs showed consistent expression at mRNA and protein levels revealed by Venn joint analysis. Their expressions are completely non‐additive, mainly transgressive and under low‐parent, suggesting recombination of parental genomes may be the major genetic mechanism for the heterosis. GO and KEGG analyses revealed that they may function in generally similar but distinctive aspects of metabolisms and processes with signal transduction and translation being most affected. Notably, they may not only up‐regulate biosynthesis and transport of silk proteins but also down‐regulate other unrelated processes, synergistically and globally remodelling the silk gland to increase yield and cause the heterosis. Our findings contribute insights into the understanding of silkworm heterosis and silk gland development and provide targets for transgenic manipulation to further increase the silk yield.
Effect of water deficit on morphoagronomic traits of black common bean genotypes (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) with contrasting drought tolerance
Authors: de Oliveira Neto Sebastião Soares , Pereira Francisca Franciana Sousa , Zoz Tiago , Oliveira Carlos Eduardo da Silva , Moda Cirino Vânia 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBrazil is the world's largest producer of common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Drought stress harms the morphological and agronomic traits of beans. This study evaluates the reaction to water deficit in five genotypes of black beans. The experiment was conducted in the IDR‐IAPAR‐EMATER in Londrina‐PR, Brazil. A split‐plot design was used, with three replications. The genotypes were included in the subplots and the treatments with or without water deficit in the plots. Water deficit was induced on the pre‐flowering stage and maintained for 20 days in the plots submitted to drought stress. For the growth analysis, plants were collected at 35, 54 and 70 days after emergence. At the stage of physiological ripeness, several morphological and yield traits were evaluated. The genotypes IPR Uirapuru and BRS Esplendor can be considered tolerant and used as a tolerant source to water deficit in common bean germplasm banks. The line LP 08‐90 has morphological and agronomic adaptations efficient to overcome water deficit's effects, presenting a higher grain yield in both crop conditions, which indicates the success of black beans breeding to deal with water deficit.
Nurses’ strategies for overcoming barriers to fundamental nursing care in patients with COVID‐19 caused by infection with the SARS‐COV‐2 virus: Results from the ‘COVID‐NURSE’ survey
Authors: Sugg Holly V. R. , Richards David A. , Russell Anne‐Marie , Burnett Sarah , Cockcroft Emma J. , Thompson Coon Jo , Cruickshank Susanne , Doris Faye E. , Hunt Harriet A. , Iles‐Smith Heather , Kent Merryn , Logan Philippa A. , Morgan Leila M. , Morley Naomi , Rafferty Anne Marie , Shepherd Maggie H. , Singh Sally J. , Tooze Susannah J. , Whear Rebecca 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAimsTo identify strategies used by registered nurses and non‐registered nursing care staff in overcoming barriers when providing fundamental nursing care for non‐invasively ventilated inpatients with COVID‐19.DesignOnline survey with open‐ended questions to collect qualitative data.MethodsIn August 2020, we asked UK‐based nursing staff to describe any strategies they employed to overcome barriers to delivering care in 15 fundamental nursing care categories when providing care to non‐invasively ventilated patients with COVID‐19. We analysed data using Framework Analysis.ResultsA total of 1062 nurses consented to participate in our survey. We derived four themes. 1) Communication behaviours included adapting verbal and non‐verbal communication with patients, using information technology to enable patients’ significant others to communicate with staff and patients, and establishing clear information‐sharing methods with other staff. 2) Organizing care required clustering interventions, carefully managing supplies, encouraging patient self‐care and using ‘runners’ and interdisciplinary input. 3) Addressing patients’ well‐being and values required spending time with patients, acting in loco familiae, providing access to psychological and spiritual support, obtaining information about patients’ wishes early on and providing privacy and comforting/meaningful items. 4) Management and leadership behaviours included training, timely provision of pandemic information, psychological support, team huddles and facilitating regular breaks.ConclusionsOur respondents identified multiple strategies in four main areas of clinical practice. Management and leadership are crucial to both fundamental care delivery and the well‐being of nurses during pandemics. Grouping strategies into these areas of action may assist nurses and leaders to prepare for pandemic nursing.ImpactAs these strategies are unlikely to be exclusive to the COVID‐19 pandemic, their global dissemination may improve patient experience and help nurses deliver fundamental care when planning pandemic nursing. However, their effectiveness is unknown. Therefore, we are currently evaluating these strategies in a cluster randomized controlled trial.
Exploring the impact of logistics and supply chain management scholarship: Why pursue practical relevance and are we successful?
Authors: Hawkins Timothy G. , Gravier Michael J. , Theodore Farris Martin , Niranjan Suman , Ekezie Uchenna 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis study explores the level of relevance of logistics and supply chain management research and probes underlying motives prompting scholars to value and pursue managerial (vs. purely academic) contributions. At its core, the concerns over rigor and relevance of higher education comprise a crisis of trust and credibility that appeared decades ago and continues to provoke concern from the field's thought leaders. While exploratory in nature, the results suggest both practitioners and academics agree at differing levels that logistics and supply chain management research is relevant, but pressure to chase indices and rankings has influenced behavior of academics. Consequently, the academic peer‐reviewed process no longer seems to focus on managerial implications. The article begins with theories pertinent to human motivation, namely, self‐determination theory (SDT), and employs qualitative interviews of academics to help develop surveys of both academics and logistics and supply chain management practitioners. It then presents the methodologies of quantitative data collection and analysis—combined with interviews of deans and editors—to explore the research questions to offer discussion, implications, future research directions, and conclusions.
Detecting Differential Item Functioning Using Posterior Predictive Model Checking: A Comparison of Discrepancy Statistics
Authors: Joo Seang‐Hwane , Lee Philseok 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis study proposes a new Bayesian differential item functioning (DIF) detection method using posterior predictive model checking (PPMC). Item fit measures including infit, outfit, observed score distribution (OSD), and Q1 were considered as discrepancy statistics for the PPMC DIF methods. The performance of the PPMC DIF method was evaluated via a Monte Carlo simulation manipulating sample size, DIF size, DIF type, DIF percentage, and subpopulation trait distribution. Parametric DIF methods, such as Lord's chi‐square and Raju's area approaches, were also included in the simulation design in order to compare the performance of the proposed PPMC DIF methods to those previously existing. Based on Type I error and power analysis, we found that PPMC DIF methods showed better‐controlled Type I error rates than the existing methods and comparable power to detect uniform DIF. The implications and recommendations for applied researchers are discussed.
Values in mental and medical disorder concepts: Their presence is not the point, being aware of them is
Authors: Telles Correia Diogo 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundBoth in medicine and in psychiatry, it's essential to find a general definition for medical and mental disorders. For this we have to analyze the concepts behind these definitions. In this article, we intend to review the proximity between the concepts of mental and medical disorders regarding the presence of values, and to propose a way to deal with the different kinds of values that might be present.MethodsThe method used in this paper was a conceptual review/analysis.ResultsRegarding the concept of medical disorder, it has resorted to different sub‐concepts such as dysfunction and harm (distress disability). The concept of dysfunction, apparently being less value‐laden, has been prioritized in relation to the harm component although several authors have already proved that implicitly and explicitly this concept is value laden. In medical‐surgical disorder it is very unlikely to find any diagnostic information that includes moral values. In this type of disorder, the values in question are universally non‐moral: pain, disability, distress (or risk for these) and risk of death. On the other hand, in several mental disorders, moral values have often been included in their diagnostic criteria.ConclusionIt is concluded that values are present in the main concepts that have been used to define medical or mental disorder. What is essential is to understand what is descriptive and what is value and to try to avoid moral values in this context.
Cross‐protective efficacy of a live‐attenuated Edwardsiella ictaluri vaccine against heterologous Edwardsiella piscicida isolates in channel and channel × blue catfish hybrids
Authors: López‐Porras Adrián , Griffin Matt J. , Ware Cynthia , Richardson Bradley M. , Greenway Terrence E. , Graham Rosser Thomas , Aarattuthodiyi Suja , Wise David J. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractEdwardsiella piscicida is a growing problem for catfish aquaculture in the southeastern United States, particularly in channel (Ictalurus punctatus) x blue (I. furcatus) catfish hybrids. Research has shown E. piscicida isolates recovered from farmed catfish in Mississippi form at least five discrete phyletic groups, with no apparent differences in virulence in channel and hybrid catfish. Laboratory trials have shown a live‐attenuated E. ictaluri vaccine (340X2) cross‐protects against at least one E. piscicida isolate (S11–285) in channel and hybrid catfish, although it is unknown if this protection exists for other E. piscicida variants. To this end, channel and hybrid catfish were immunized by immersion with E. ictaluri 340X2. Thirty days later, fish were challenged by intracoelomic injection with representative E. piscicida variants from each phyletic group. Relative percent survival (RPS) for hybrids ranged from 54.7% to 77.8%, while RPS in channels ranged from 80.5% to 100%. A second study investigated whether channel and hybrid catfish exposed to heterologous E. piscicida isolates were similarly protected against wild‐type E. ictaluri. Fish were exposed by bath immersion to representative E. piscicida isolates from each phyletic group. Thirty days post‐immunization, fish were challenged by immersion with wild‐type E. ictaluri isolate S97–773. Regardless of variant, previous exposure to heterologous E. piscicida isolates significantly improved survival following E. ictaluri challenge. These findings suggest the presence of shared and conserved antigens among E. piscicida and E. ictaluri that could be exploited by application of polyvalent or cross‐protective vaccines.
Development of a recombinase polymerase amplification assay for viral haemorrhagic septicemia virus
Authors: Tamer Cuneyt , Benkaroun Jessica , Kurucay Hanne Nur , Albayrak Harun , Weidmann Manfred 
Published: April 2022

AbstractViral diseases of fish cause significant economic losses in the aquaculture industry. Viral haemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) is one of the most important viral diseases that affects more than 80 fish species. Detection of the disease, especially in the field, is critical to managing disease prevention and control programmes. Recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) is an isothermal method with a very short amplification period and a single incubation temperature ranging from 37 to 42°C, which is a good alternative to the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). This study aimed to develop an RPA assay as sensitive as a real‐time RT‐PCR to detect VHSV. For this purpose, primers and probes are designed for the same targeted region of gG of VHSV. The ssRNA standards were prepared to find the detection limits of the assay. Detection limits were found ten‐fold differences between real‐time RT‐PCR and real‐time RT‐RPA. While the detection limit of the RT‐PCR was found as 95.5 viral RNA molecules/reaction in 95% probit value, the detection limit of RT‐RPA was found as 943.75 viral RNA molecules/reaction in 95% probit value using ssRNA standards. These results show that RPA is a suitable test for VHSV Ie detection.
Swap It on WhatsApp: The Moral Economy of Informal Online Exchange Networks in Contemporary Cuba
Authors: Köhn Steffen , Siré Nestor 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe inhabitants of Cuba's capital, Havana, are using semipublic group chats on messaging applications such as WhatsApp and Telegram to access food, hygiene products, medication, and other basic necessities during times of scarcity. This has been especially prevalent during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Such chat groups created digital spaces in which locals swap scarce goods and share vital information about the availability of products in the government‐run shops, creative entrepreneurs offer online delivery services, and black‐market vendors sell commodities that are in short supply. We examine the conflicting value systems that shape the interactions on these messaging apps, where solidarity and sharing as well as market‐mediated exchanges come to coexist and must be negotiated on an everyday basis. The article is accompanied by a series of “screen walks”–that is, short mobile phone videos, in which research participants explain the dynamics of the groups they participate in.
The corticotroph cells from early development to tumorigenesis
Authors: Drouin Jacques 
Published: April 2022

AbstractDuring development, highly specialized differentiated cells, such as pituitary secretory cells, acquire their identity and properties through a series of specification events exerted by transcription factors to implement a unique gene expression program and epigenomic state. The investigation of these developmental processes informs us on the unique features of a cell lineage, both to explain these features and also to outline where these processes may fail and cause disease. This review summarizes present knowledge on the developmental origin of pituitary corticotroph and melanotroph cells and on the underlying molecular mechanisms. At the onset, comparison of gene expression programs active in pituitary progenitors compared to those active in differentiated corticotrophs or melanotrophs indicated dramatic differences in the control of, for example, the cell cycle. Tpit is the transcription factor that determines terminal differentiation of pro‐opiomelanocortin (POMC) lineages, both corticotrophs and melanotrophs, and its action involves this switch in cell cycle control in parallel with activation of cell‐specific gene expression. There is thus far more to making a corticotroph cell than just activating transcription of the POMC gene. Indeed, Tpit also controls implementation of mechanisms for enhanced protein translation capacity and development of extensive secretory organelles. The corticotroph cell identity also includes mechanisms responsible for homotypic cell–cell interactions between corticotrophs and for privileged heterotypic cell interactions with pituitary cells of other lineages. The review also summarizes current knowledge on how a pioneer transcription factor, Pax7, remodels the epigenome such that the same determination transcription factor, Tpit, will implement the melanotroph program of gene expression. Finally, this canvas of regulatory mechanisms implementing POMC lineage identities constitutes the background to understand alterations that characterize corticotroph adenomas of Cushing's disease patients. The integration of all these data into a unified scheme will likely yield a scheme to globally understand pathogenic mechanisms in Cushing's disease.
Quantifying the ossification and fusion of the calcaneal apophysis using computed tomography
Authors: Blythe Connor S. , Reynolds Mikaela S. , Gregory Laura S. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractKnowledge of the anatomical development of the calcaneal apophysis is essential in clinical assessment and management of both paediatric and sub‐adult patients presenting with heel pain. Despite this, the current understanding of calcaneal apophyseal development is constrained by the limitations of the imaging modalities used to examine the apophysis, with no current literature reporting the development of the medial and lateral processes. This study aimed to overcome these limitations by investigating the ossification and fusion of the calcaneal apophysis using three‐dimensional computed tomography analysis, and statistically predicting the apophyseal developmental stage in contemporary Australian children. The development and fusion status of the apophysis was scored using a novel 11‐stage scoring system on 568 multi‐slice computed tomography scans (295 females; 274 males) and 266 lateral radiographic scans (119 females; 147 males) from the Queensland Children's Hospital. Multinomial logistic regression along with classification tables and predictive probabilities were then utilised to assess developmental stage likelihood from known age and sex. The apophysis commenced ossification at a mean age of 5.2 years for females and 7.2 years for males, and then elongated to form the apophyseal cap around 10 years for females and 12.4 years for males. Fusion of the apophysis commenced at a mean age of 11.18 years for females and 13.3 years for males, with the earliest age of complete fusion observed at 10 years for females and 14 years for males. The results demonstrate significant sexual dimorphism in ossification and fusion with females developing and fusing significantly earlier. Furthermore, the use of computed tomography in this study allowed for the first time evaluation of the ossification and fusion of the medial and lateral processes of the calcaneus. The medial process formed at a mean age of 9.5 years for females and 10.9 years for males while the lateral process formed at around 9.8 years for females and 11.7 years for males. The medial process demonstrated slower rates of fusion compared to the lateral process. The present study provides Queensland specific standards for assessing the calcaneal apophyseal developmental stage as well as novel predictive regression models for apophyseal stage estimation using known age and sex to aid in the diagnosis of heel pain conditions such as apophysitis or screen for developmental delays in children and subadults.
Prenatal glucocorticoid administration enhances bilirubin metabolic capacity and increases Ugt1a and Abcc2 gene expression via glucocorticoid receptor and PXR in rat fetal liver
Authors: Kobayashi Tsukasa , Takeba Yuko , Ohta Yuki , Ootaki Masanori , Kida Keisuke , Watanabe Minoru , Iiri Taroh , Matsumoto Naoki 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAimJaundice is especially common in premature infant born before 35 weeks. Because the premature infant liver is not fully developed at birth it may be incomplete the bilirubin metabolism. The purpose was to evaluate the metabolism and the excretion of bilirubin in the premature infant rat liver following prenatal glucocorticoid (GC) administration.MethodsDexamethasone (DEX) was administered subcutaneously to pregnant Wistar rats for two consecutive days on gestational days 17 and 19. The fetus were delivered by cesarean section in gestational days 19 and 21. The mRNA levels and protein levels of bilirubin‐metabolic enzymes and transporters in the fetal liver tissues were analyzed using RT‐PCR immunohistochemistry staining and ELISA, respectively. We evaluated that the effect of bilirubin‐metabolic enzymes in the primary fetal rat hepatocytes treated with DEX after pretreated with glucocorticoid receptor (GR, Nr3c1) and Pxr (Nr1i2) siRNA.ResultsUgt1a1 and Bsep (Abcb11) mRNA levels were significantly increased in the fetuses by prenatal GC administration. The mRNA levels of nuclear transcription factors Nr1i2, Car (Nr1i3), and Rxrα (Nr2b1) were also significantly increased in the fetuses by prenatal GC administration. In addition, DEX increased Nr1i2, Ugt1a1, and Abcc2 (Mrp2) mRNA levels in the primary fetal hepatocytes. The Nr3c1 or Nr1i2 siRNA‐mediated knockdown suppressed the increases of Ugt1a1, and Abcc2 mRNA levels induced by DEX, indicating that DEX are mediated by GC receptor and PXR in primary fetal hepatocytes.ConclusionsThese results suggest that prenatal GC administration increases bilirubin‐metabolic ability, in the premature liver, which may prevent jaundice in neonates.
Surgical management of vascular tumors and malformations of the head and neck in adults
Authors: Giese Rachel A. , Valero Cristina , Shah Jatin P. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractVascular tumors and malformations present a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge to many physicians. Because these lesions are rare, few surgeons have enough experience with them other than those practicing in tertiary vascular anomaly treatment centers. Some patients may have been misdiagnosed or mistreated during childhood and present in adult age with either recurrence or with an untreated lesion. Ideally, a multidisciplinary treatment team should be involved to discuss management with the patient including specialists in surgery, interventional radiology, pathology, hematology, genetics, and dermatology. As our understanding of the pathogenesis of these lesions grows, novel therapies are being employed which may decrease the need for surgery. Nevertheless, some lesions need definitive treatment with surgery. Improving understanding of the surgical management of vascular anomalies will improve cosmetic and functional outcomes for patients.