bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Geographical clustering and geographically weighted regression analysis of home delivery and its determinants in developing regions of Ethiopia: a spatial analysis
Authors: Aychiluhm Setognal Birara , Melaku Mequannent Sharew , Mare Kusse Urmale , Tadesse Abay Woday , Mulaw Getahun Fentaw 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Nearly three-fourths of pregnant women in Ethiopia give birth at home. However, the spatial pattern and spatial variables linked to home delivery in developing regions of Ethiopia have not yet been discovered. Thus, this study aimed to explore the geographical variation of home delivery and its determinants among women living in emerging (Afar, Somali, Gambella, and Benishangul-Gumuz) regions of Ethiopia, using geographically weighted regression analysis.

Methods
Data were retrieved from the Demographic and Health Survey program's official database (http://dhsprogram.com). In this study, a sample of 441 reproductive-age women in Ethiopia's four emerging regions was used. Global and local statistical analyses and mapping were performed using ArcGIS version 10.6. A Bernoulli model was applied to analyze the purely spatial cluster discovery of home delivery. GWR version 4 was used to model spatial regression analysis.

Results
The prevalence of home delivery in the emerging regions of Ethiopia was 76.9% (95% CI: 72.7%, 80.6%) and the spatial distribution of home delivery was clustered with global Moran’s I = 0.245. Getis-Ord analysis detected high-home birth practice among women in western parts of the Benishangul Gumz region, the Eastern part of the Gambela region, and the Southern and Central parts of the Afar region. Non-attendance of antenatal care, living in a male-headed household, perception of distance to a health facility as a big problem, residing in a rural area, and having a husband with no education significantly influenced home delivery in geographically weighted regression analysis.

Conclusions
More than three-fourths of mothers in the developing regions of Ethiopia gave birth at home, where high-risk locations have been identified and the spatial distribution has been clustered. Thus, strengthening programs targeted to improve antenatal care service utilization and women’s empowerment is important in reducing home birth practice in the study area. Besides, supporting the existing health extension programs on community-based health education through home-to-home visits is also crucial in reaching women residing in rural settings.
Involvement of the Wnt pathway in BVDV cytopathogenic strain replication in primary bovine cells
Authors: La Polla Rémi , Testard Marie-Claire , Garcia Océane , Goumaidi Abdelghafar , Legras-Lachuer Catherine , de Saint-Vis Blandine 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Bovine viral diarrhea virus 1 (BVDV-1) of the pestivirus genus is an economically crippling virus in the cattle industry; this positive RNA virus causes mucosal disease resulting in reproductive losses and other disease syndromes. The pathogenesis mechanism of the disease caused by BVDV infection is not well understood; for a better understanding of in vivo host BVDV-1 interactions, we conducted a transcriptomic study of infected cells at different times post-infection.

Methods
We compared the permissiveness and cellular response of a BVDV-1 cytopathogenic strain on Madin-Darby Bovine Kidney cells (MDBK) and bovine lung primary cells, a model closer to in vivo infection. Then a RNAseq analysis was realized on the infected bovine lung primary cells, at 10 hpi and 30 hpi (hours post-infection), to identify transcriptomic signatures.

Results
RNAseq analysis on BVDV-1 infected bovine primary cells showed 2,759 and 5,376 differentially expressed genes at respectively 10 hpi and 30 hpi with an absolute Fold Change  ≥ 2. Among the different pathways deregulated, data analysis revealed a deregulation of Wnt signaling pathway, a conserved process that play a critical role in embryogenesis, cellular proliferation, and differentiation as well as in viral responses against viruses such as Influenza or Hepatitis C. We demonstrated here that the deregulation of the Wnt/βcatenin signaling pathway plays a role in viral replication of BVDV cp strain. Interestingly, we showed that the inhibition of this Wnt pathway using two inhibitors, FZM1 and iCRT14, induced a delay in onset of the establishment of a cytopathic effect of primary cells.

Conclusions
Thereby, this study highlighted a role of the Wnt signaling pathway in the BVDV-1 viral replication in bovine cells, suggesting an interesting option to explore as a new therapeutic target.
Sleep disturbance, dyspnea, and anxiety following total joint arthroplasty: an observational study
Authors: George Steven Z. , Bolognesi Michael P. , Ryan Sean P. , Horn Maggie E. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) domains for sleep disturbance, anxiety, and dyspnea have been under-reported for total joint arthroplasty (TJA). The aims of this study were to report postoperative differences for these domains based on TJA location and chronic pain state. We also investigated whether these domains were associated with physical function and pain interference outcomes.

Methods
This was a retrospective, observational study of patients who underwent hip, knee, or shoulder TJA (primary and revision surgeries) at a single academic tertiary referral center. A subset of these patients completed an email-based survey for chronic pain grade (Chronic Pain Grade Scale-Revised) and sleep disturbance, anxiety, dyspnea, physical function, and pain interference (PROMIS short forms). Pre-operative and operative data were extracted from the electronic health record. Data analysis investigated PROMIS domains for differences in TJA location and chronic pain grade. Hierarchical linear regression determined associations of these domains with physical function and pain interference.

Results
A total of 2638 individuals provided informed consent and completed the email survey. In the ANOVA models for sleep disturbance, anxiety, and dyspnea, there was no location by chronic pain grade interaction (p > 0.05) and no difference based on TJA location (p > 0.05). There were differences for chronic pain grade (p < 0.01). The poorest postoperative outcome score for each domain was associated with high impact chronic pain. Furthermore, sleep disturbance and dyspnea had the strongest associations with physical function and pain interference (p < 0.01).

Conclusions
Sleep disturbance, anxiety, and dyspnea did not vary based on TJA location, but were associated with postoperative chronic pain grade. Sleep disturbance and dyspnea were strongly associated with commonly reported outcomes of physical function and pain interference. These findings provide guidance for those interested in expanding TJA outcome assessment to include sleep disturbance, anxiety, and/or dyspnea.
Infective endocarditis by HACEK: a review
Authors: Khaledi Mansoor , Sameni Fatemeh , Afkhami Hamed , Hemmati Jaber , Asareh Zadegan Dezfuli Aram , Sanae Mohammad-Javad , Validi Majid 
Published: August 2022

AbstractInfective endocarditis (IE) is a severe disease that is still associated with high mortality despite recent advances in diagnosis and treatment. HACEK organisms (Haemophilus spp., Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Cardiobacterium hominis, Eikenella corrodens, and Kingella kingae) are gram-negative bacteria that are part of the normal flora of the mouth and upper respiratory tract in humans. These organisms cause a wide range of infections, of which IE is one of the most notable. In order to control and prevent endocarditis caused by HACEK, measures such as oral hygiene and the use of prophylactic drugs should be used for people at risk, including people with underlying heart disease and people with artificial valves. This review is a summary of the main aspects of IE focusing on HACEK organisms.
When the infectious environment meets the AD brain
Authors: Ganz Tal , Fainstein Nina , Ben-Hur Tamir 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
The Amyloid theory of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) suggests that the deposition of Amyloid β (Aβ) in the brain triggers a chain of events, involving the deposition of phosphorylated Tau and other misfolded proteins, leading to neurodegeneration via neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and neurovascular factors. The infectious theory linked various infectious agents with the development of AD, raising the possibility that they serve as etiological causes of the disease. Are these theories mutually exclusive, or do they coincide?

Main body
In this review, we will discuss how the two theories converge. We present a model by which (1) the systemic infectious burden accelerates the development of AD brain pathology via bacterial Amyloids and other pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), and (2) the developing AD brain pathology increases its susceptibility to the neurotoxicity of infectious agents -derived PAMPs, which drive neurodegeneration via activated microglia.

Conclusions
The reciprocal effects of amyloid deposition and systemic infectious burden may lead to a vicious cycle fueling Alzheimer’s disease pathogenesis.
The application, character, and effectiveness of person‐centred care with service‐users, and the community within the discipline of podiatry: a scoping review
Authors: Abey Sally , Anil Krithika , Hendy Philip , Demain Sara 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe concept of person‐centred care is embedded within healthcare policy, focusing on long‐term conditions and multimorbidity. The evidence that person‐centred care is being operationalised effectively across all areas of healthcare is limited. The aim of this scoping review was to explore the application, features, and effectiveness of person‐centred care with service‐users, carers, and the community within podiatry.MethodsThe scoping review was based upon Arksey and Malley's five stage framework. The following databases were searched between January 2010 and March 2021: AMED, CINAHL, Embase, Cochrane library, SocINDEX, British Education Index, Business Source Complete, MEDLINE (EBSCO), and the EThOS ‘Global electronic thesis and dissertation’ repository, Prospero, and reference lists of included papers. Primary research articles were included if they reported on a person‐centred care focused intervention with podiatry. Research terms were developed, appropriate databases identified, and an initial search resulted in 622 papers which, following removal of duplicates and critical appraisal, resulted in 18 eligible papers. Data extracted involved the types of person‐centred care utilised, intervention details, motivations for engaging in person‐centred care interventions, and intervention barriers and challenges.ResultsEighteen articles were included in the review. The main type of person‐centred care utilised was patient/carer activities around self‐management. None of the studies considered the role of the podiatrist as a person‐centred care agent. The data on interventions generated the following themes ‘service facilitated person‐centred care’ where a change has been made to service delivery, ‘direct clinician delivery’ where the intervention is delivered by the clinician with the patient present and ‘patient instigated participation’ where patient motivation is required to engage with an activity beyond the consultation. Outcome measures associated with quality of care and effectiveness were absent.ConclusionThere is a lack of congruency between the concept of person‐centred care and how it is operationalised. A whole system approach that considers commissioning, organisational leadership, the role of the practitioners and patients has not been considered. There is immense scope for the podiatrist to play an important part in the personalised‐care agenda, but currently research that can evidence the effectiveness of person‐centred care in podiatry is absent.Review registrationOpen Science Framework (osf.io/egjsd).
Attitudes and experiences towards the application of motivational interviewing by podiatrists working with people with diabetes at high‐risk of developing foot ulcers: a mixed‐methods study
Authors: Jongebloed‐Westra M. , Bode C. , Bente B. E. , de Jonge J. M. , ten Klooster P. M. , Koffijberg H. , Exterkate S. H. , van Netten J. J. , van Gemert‐Pijnen J. E. W. C. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundPodiatrists are key professionals in promoting adequate foot self‐care for people with diabetes at high‐risk of developing foot ulcers. However, merely informing patients about the advantages of foot self‐care is insufficient to realise behavioural change. Motivational interviewing (MI) is a promising person‐centred communication style that could help to create a working alliance between healthcare providers and patient to improve foot self‐care. This study aims to observe and analyse the application of MI in consultations carried out by MI‐trained and non‐MI‐trained podiatrists with their patients, and explore podiatrists' attitudes and experiences towards MI.MethodsEighteen podiatrists (median age: 28.5 years, 10 female and 8 male) followed a three‐day basic training in MI and 4 podiatrists (median age: 38.5 years, 4 female) were not trained in MI. To observe and rate the MI‐fidelity in daily clinical practice, audio recordings from the MI‐trained and non‐MI‐trained podiatrists were scored with the Motivational Interviewing Treatment Integrity code. Individual, semi‐structed, in‐depth interviews were conducted with the MI‐trained podiatrists to explore their attitudes towards and experiences with MI. These data sources were triangulated to describe the effect of training podiatrists in MI for their clinical practice.ResultsThe MI‐trained podiatrists scored significantly higher than the non‐MI‐trained podiatrists on two of four global MI‐related communication skills (empathy, p = 0.008 and change talk, p = 0.008), on one of five core MI‐adherent behaviours (affirmation, p = 0.041) and on one of the other behaviour counts (simple reflections, p = 0.008). The podiatrists mainly reported their attitudes and experiences regarding partnership and cultivating change talk, during the interviews. In addition, they also mentioned facilitators and barriers to using MI and indicated whether they experienced MI as having added value.ConclusionsThe MI‐trained podiatrists used the principles of MI at a solid beginner proficiency level in their clinical practice in comparison to the non‐MI‐trained podiatrists, who did not reach this level. This achievement is in accordance with the basic MI‐training they received. This multi‐method study reveals that podiatrists can be effectively trained in applying MI in daily clinical practice.Trial registrationNetherlands Trial Register NL7710. Registered: 6 May 2019.
Cutis verticis gyrata and Noonan syndrome: report of two cases with pathogenetic variant in SOS1 gene
Authors: Mercadante Francesca , Piro Ettore , Busè Martina , Salzano Emanuela , Ferrara Arturo , Serra Gregorio , Passarello Cristina , Corsello Giovanni , Piccione Maria 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundNoonan and Noonan-like syndromes are multisystem genetic disorders, mainly with autosomal dominant trasmission, caused by mutations in several genes. Missense pathogenetic variants of SOS1 gene are the second most common cause of Noonan syndrome (NS) and account approximately for 13% to 17% of cases. Subjects carrying a pathogenetic variant in SOS1 gene tend to exhibit a distinctive phenotype that is characterized by ectodermal abnormalities.Cutis verticis gyrata(CVG) is a rare disease, congenital or acquired, characterized by the redundancy of skin on scalp, forming thick skin folds and grooves of similar aspect to cerebral cortex gyri. Several references in the literature have reported association between nonessential primary form of CVG and NS.Case presentationwe report two cases of newborns with CVG and phenotype suggestive for NS who have been diagnosed to harbour the same pathogenetic variant in SOS1 gene.Conclusionspreviously described patients with NS presenting CVG had received only clinical diagnosis. Therefore we report the first patients with CVG in which the clinical suspicion of NS is confirmed by molecolar analysis.
Covid-19 in Egyptian hemodialysis and kidney transplant children: retrospective analysis of single center experience
Authors: Fadel Fatina I. , Sabry Samar , Mawla Mohamed A. Abdel , Galal Rasha Essam Eldin , Salah Doaa M. , Helmy Rasha , Ramadan Yasmen , Elzayat Wessam , Abdelfattah May , Abd Alazem Eman Abobakr 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Chronic kidney disease stage 5 (CKD 5) populations have peculiar risk for severe Covid-19 infection. Moreover; pediatric data are sparse and lacking. The aim of this study is to report our experience in CKD 5 children treated by hemodialysis (CKD 5D) and CKD 5 children after kidney transplantation (KTR) during one year of Covid-19 pandemic.

Methods
Retrospective analysis of 57 CKD 5 children with Covid-19 like symptoms during 1 year pandemic was performed. A cohort of 19 confirmed patients (13 CKD 5D and 6 KTR) was analyzed in details as regard clinical, laboratory, radiological criteria, management and their short term outcome.

Results

Conclusion
Pediatric patients on regular HD (CKD 5D) are at higher risk and worse outcome of Covid-19 infection than KT recipients (KTR). Pre-existing HTN and shorter duration after KT are potential risk factors. Reversible AGD after KT and CVC related infections in HD patients are additional presenting features of Covid-19 infection.
Effect of acupuncture with donepezil based on syndrome differentiation on cognitive function in patients with mild-to-moderate Alzheimer’s disease: a study protocol for a multicenter randomized controlled trial
Authors: Fu Qin-Hui , Pei Jian , Zhou Hou-guang , Wang Tao , Zhan Yi-jun , Tao Lin , Xu Jia , Zhou Qian , Wang Liao-yao 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
There has been a rapid increase in the worldwide prevalence of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Previous studies have shown that acupuncture can improve neurological and cognitive function; however, the utility of applying acupuncture in patients with AD remains unclear. This study protocol describes a clinical trial for evaluating the efficacy and safety of acupuncture based on syndrome differentiation with donepezil hydrochloride on cognitive function in patients with AD.

Methods/design
This multicenter randomized controlled trial commenced on February 1, 2019, at the Shanghai Longhua Hospital of TCM, Shanghai Huashan Hospital of Fudan University, and Shanghai Mental Health Center, and will conclude on June 30, 2022. The study will recruit 184 patients randomly divided into an acupuncture group or a control group at a 1:1 ratio. All participants will receive donepezil hydrochloride (5 mg/day), and those in the acupuncture group will receive acupuncture based on syndrome differentiation with donepezil for 12 weeks. The primary outcome will be the post-treatment change in the Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale-cognition score at 12 weeks. The secondary outcomes will be the efficacy scores of the Minimum Mental State Examination, Alzheimer’s Disease Cooperative Research Activity-Daily Life, and Quality of Life-Alzheimer’s Disease. All assessments will be performed at baseline, after treatment (week 12), and at follow-up (weeks 24 and 36).

Discussion
This trial may provide high-quality evidence for the efficacy of acupuncture in the treatment of AD. The results of this study will be published in peer-reviewed journals.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.govNCT03810794. Registered on 17 January 2019.
HIAYA CHAT study protocol: a randomized controlled trial of a health insurance education intervention for newly diagnosed adolescent and young adult cancer patients
Authors: Mann Karely , Waters Austin R. , Park Elyse R. , Perez Giselle K. , Vaca Lopez Perla L. , Kaddas Heydon K. , Warner Echo L. , Ray Nicole , Tsukamoto Tomoko , Allen Karlie , Haaland Ben , Fair Douglas B. , Lewis Mark A. , Kirchhoff Anne C. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
For adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer patients aged 18 to 39 years, health insurance literacy is crucial for an effective use of the health care system. AYAs often face high out-of-pocket costs or have unmet health care needs due to costs. Improving health insurance literacy could help AYAs obtain appropriate and affordable health care. This protocol illustrates a randomized controlled trial testing a virtual health insurance education intervention among AYA patients.

Methods
This is a two-arm multisite randomized controlled trial. A total of 80 AYAs diagnosed with cancer in the Mountain West region will be allocated to either usual navigation care or tailored health insurance education intervention with a patient navigator that includes usual care. All participants will complete a baseline and follow-up survey 5 months apart. The primary outcomes are feasibility (number enrolled and number of sessions completed) and acceptability (5-point scale on survey measuring satisfaction of the intervention). The secondary outcomes are preliminary efficacy measured by the Health Insurance Literacy Measure and the COmprehensive Score for financial Toxicity.

Discussion
This trial makes a timely contribution to test the feasibility and acceptability of a virtual AYA-centered health insurance education program.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04448678. Registered on June 26, 2020
The effect of osteotomy technique (flat-cut vs wedge-cut Weil) on pain relief and complication incidence following surgical treatment for metatarsalgia in a private metropolitan clinic: protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Fatima Manaal , Ektas Nalan , Scholes Corey , Symes Michael , Wines Andrew 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Weil osteotomies are performed to surgically treat metatarsalgia, by shortening the metatarsal via either a single distal oblique cut with translation of the metatarsal head (flat-cut) or through the removal of a slice of bone (wedge-cut). The wedge-cut technique purportedly has functional and mechanical advantages over the flat-cut procedure; however, in vivo data and quality of evidence are currently lacking. This study aims to investigate whether wedge-cut Weil osteotomy compared to traditional flat-cut Weil is associated with increased pain relief and fewer complications up to 12 months postoperatively.

Methods
Patient, surgical and clinical data will be collected for 80 consecutive consenting patients electing to undergo surgical treatment of propulsive metatarsalgia in a randomised control trial, embedded within a clinical registry. The primary outcome is patient-reported pain as assessed by the Foot and Ankle Outcome Score (FAOS) - Pain subscale, and the secondary outcome is the incidence of procedure-specific complications at up to 12 months postoperatively. The groups will be randomised using a central computer-based simple randomisation system, with a 1:1 allocation without blocking and allocation concealment. A mixed-effects analysis of covariance will be used to assess the primary outcome, with confounders factored into the model. A binary logistic regression will be used to assess the secondary outcome in a multivariable model containing the same confounders.

Discussion
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, the trial will be the first to examine the clinical efficacy of the wedge-cut Weil osteotomy compared to the flat-cut technique with a prospective, randomised control design.

Trial registration
Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12620001251910. Registered on 23 November 2020.