bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
eTSC-Net: A Parameter-efficient Convolutional Neural Network for Drug Treatment Outcome Studies of Pediatric Epilepsy
Authors: Zhao Cailei , Jiang Dian , Zhao Xia , Yang Jun , Liang Dong , Yuan Bixia , Lin Rongbo , Wang Haifeng , Liao Jianxiang , Hu Zhanqi 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background: Ability to predict the outcomes of pharmacological treatment of epilepsy in pediatric patients with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) can confer a distinct leverage and guide therapeutic decision-making. Multi-contrast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is routinely used for diagnosis of TSC by pediatricians. We propose a parameter-efficient convolutional neural network with multi-contrast images to predict the drug treatment outcomes of pediatric epilepsy in TSC.
Methods: Image-based models were generated using the EfficientNet3D-B0 network architecture. A weighted average ensemble network with multi-contrast images was created as the final model. The proposed neural network is named as Efficient Tuberous sclerosis complex-Net (eTSC-Net).We compared our methods with a Residual Network 3D（ResNet3D) model. We trained a 3D-ResNet on our T2FLAIR data. Binary classification models were trained to distinguish non-controlled group patients from controlled group patients on T2W and T2FLAIR images. We trained all the models using an Nvidia RTX A6000 Graphical Processing Unit (GPU) card. Area under curve(AUC), accuracy (ACC), sensitivity (SEN), and specificity (SPE) were calculated to assess the classification performance for each model in each cohort. The differences between subgroups were assessed using independent samples t test and pvalues < 0.05 were considered indicative of statistical significance.
Results: The proposed neural network (eTSC-Net) achieved the best performance with an AUC value of 0.833 and 90.0% accuracy in the testing cohort, which was better than other models.
Conclusions: The results demonstrated the ability of the proposed method for predicting drug treatment outcomes in pediatric TSC-related epilepsy. eTSC-Net can serve as a useful computer-aided diagnostic tool to help clinical radiologists formulate more targeted treatment.
Association of Molnupiravir and Nirmatrelvir-Ritonavir with Reduced Mortality and All-cause Sepsis in Hospitalized Patients Infected with Omicron Variant of SARS-CoV-2: A Territory-Wide Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: WAI Abraham Ka-chung , LEE Teddy Tai-loy , CHAN Ching-long , CHAN Crystal Ying , YIP Edmond Tsz-fung , LUK Luke Yik-fung , HO Joshua Wing-kei , SO Kevin Wang-leong , TSUI Omar Wai-kiu , LAM Man-lok , LEE Shi-yeow , YAMMAMOTO Tafu , TONG Chak-kwan , WONG Man-sing , WONG Eliza Lai-yi , RAINER Timothy Hudson 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Object
This study evaluates the association between antivirals (Molnupiravir and Nirmatrelvir-Ritonavir) and all-cause and respiratory mortality and organ dysfunction among high-risk COVID-19 patients during an Omicron outbreak.
Methods
Two cohorts, Nirmatrelvir-Ritonavir vs. control and Molnupiravir vs. control, were constructed with inverse probability treatment weighting to balance baseline characteristics. Cox proportional hazards models evaluated the association of their use with all-cause mortality, respiratory mortality, and all-cause sepsis (a composite of circulatory shock, respiratory failure, acute liver injury, coagulopathy, and acute liver impairment). Patients recruited were hospitalized and diagnosed with the COVID-19 Omicron variant between February 22, 2022 to April 15, 2022, and followed up until May 15, 2022.
Results
The study included 17,704 patients. There were 4.67 and 22.7 total mortalities per 1000 person-days in the Nirmatrelvir-Ritonavir and control groups respectively before adjustment (weighted incidence rate ratio, -18.1 [95%CI, -23.0 to -13.2]; hazard ratio, 0.18 [95%CI, 0.11–0.29]). There were 6.64 and 25.9 total mortalities per 1000 person-days in the Molnupiravir and control groups respectively before adjustment (weighted incidence rate ratio per 1000 person-days, -19.3 [95%CI, -22.6 to -15.9]; hazard ratio, 0.23 [95%CI, 0.18–0.30]). In all-cause sepsis, there were 13.7 and 35.4 organ dysfunction events per 1000 person-days in the Nirmatrelvir-Ritonavir and control groups respectively before adjustment (weighted incidence rate ratio per 1000 person-days, -21.7 [95%CI, -26.3 to -17.1]; hazard ratio, 0.44 [95%CI, 0.38–0.52]). There were 23.7 and 40.8 organ dysfunction events in the Molnupiravir and control groups respectively before adjustment (weighted incidence ratio per 1000 person-days, -17.1 [95%CI, -20.6 to -13.6]; hazard ratio, 0.63 [95%CI, 0.58–0.69]).
Conclusions
Among COVID-19 hospitalized patients, use of either Nirmatrelvir-Ritonavir or Molnupiravir compared with no antiviral use was associated with a significantly lower incidence of 28-day all-cause and respiratory mortality and sepsis.
Minimizing the Makespan and the Carbon Emissions in Green Flexible Job Shop Scheduling Problem with Learning Effect
Authors: Li Zhi , Chen Yingjian 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
One of the most difficult challenges for modern manufacturing is reducing carbon emissions. This paper focuses on the green scheduling problem in a flexible job shop system, taking into account energy consumption and worker learning effects. With the objectives to simultaneously minimze the makespan and total carbon emissions, the green flexible job shop scheduling problem (GFJSP) is formulated as a mixed integer linear multi-objective optimization model. Then the improved multi-objective sparrow search algorithm (IMOSSA) is developed for the optimal solution. Finally, this paper conducted computational experiments, including the the comparison between IMOSSA and the algortithm of GA and Jaya. The resluts demonstrate that the IMOSSA has a high precision, good convergence and excellent performance to solve the GFJSP in low-carbon manufacturing systems.
Simultaneously evaluating efficacy and cardiotoxicity of EGFR-TKI AC0010 with a novel multifunctional biosensor
Authors: Wang Ping , Jiang Deming , Wei Xinwei , Zhu Yuxuan , Qiu Yong , Liu Xin , Kong Liubing , Li Fengheng , Liu Jingwen , Zhuang Liujing , Wan Hao , Ying Kejing 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Non-small lung cancer (NSCLC) is a leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide. Although epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) have dramatically improved life expectancy for NSCLC patients, concerns about TKI-induced cardiotoxicities increased. AC0010, a novel third-generation TKI, was developed to overcome acquired EGFR-T790M mutation-induced drug resistance. However, the cardiotoxicity of AC0010 remains blurry. To evaluate the efficacy and cardiotoxicity of AC0010, we designed a novel multifunctional biosensor by integrating microelectrodes (MEs) and interdigital electrodes (IDEs) to comprehensively evaluate cells’ viability, electrophysiological activity, and morphologic change (beating for cardiomyocytes). The multifunctional biosensor can monitor AC0010-induced NSCLC inhibition and cardiotoxicity in a quantitatively, label-free, noninvasive, and real-time way. AC0010 was found to significantly inhibit NCI-H1975 (EGFR-L858R/T790M mutation) while weak inhibition was found for A549 (wild-type EGFR). Negligible inhibition was found in the viabilities of HFF-1 (normal fibroblasts) and cardiomyocytes. With the multifunctional biosensor, we found that 10 μM AC0010 significantly affected cardiomyocytes’ extracellular field potential (EFP) and mechanical beating. The amplitude of EFP continuously decreased after AC0010 treatment while the interval decreased first and then increased. We analyzed the change of systole time (ST) and diastole time (DT) within a beating interval and found DT and DT/beating interval rate decreased within one hour after AC0010 treatment, probably indicating insufficient relaxation for cardiomyocytes, which may further aggravate the dysfunction. Here we found that AC0010 significantly inhibit EGFR-mutant NSCLC cells and impair cardiomyocytes’ function at low concentrations (10 μM). It is the first study to evaluate the risk of AC0010-induced cardiotoxicity. In addition, the novel multifunctional biosensors can comprehensively evaluate the anti-tumor efficacy and cardiotoxicity of drugs and candidate compounds.
Expression of IL-13Rα2 and FUS in glioma: clinicopathological and prognostic correlation.
Authors: Cheng Guang , Wang Meng , Zhang Xi-yue , Zhang Yun 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
IL-13Rα2 is one of the most widely studied tumor-associated antigens in glioma research. Fused in sarcoma (FUS) is a DNA/RNA binding protein that is dysfunctional in various malignant tumors. However, the expression of IL-13Rα2 and FUS, their relationship with clinicopathological parameters and their prognostic value in glioma remain unclear.
Methods
In the present study, the expression of IL-13Rα2 and FUS was measured in a glioma tissue array by immunohistochemistry. Pearson’s X2 test was used to determine the correlation between immunohistochemical expressions and clinicopathological parameters. Pearson’s or Spearman correlation test was used to determine the association between these two proteins expression. The Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to investigate the effect of these proteins on prognosis.
Results
The expressions of IL-13Rα2 was significantly higher in high-grade gliomas (HGG) than in low-grade gliomas (LGG) (p=0.000). FUS location was associated with age and Ki-67 expression, whereas IL-13Rα2 expression demonstrated no significant correlation with clinicopathological parameters. Moreover, a positive relationship was found between nuclear and cytoplasmic co-localization FUS and IL-13Rα2 expression (p=0.0054; r=0.3736). Kaplan‒Meier analysis revealed that patients with IL-13Rα2 had worst overall survival (OS) (p=0.0009) compared to other biomarkers. In HGG, IL-13Rα2 combined with nuclear and cytoplasmic co-localization of FUS was associated with even worse OS (p=0.0415).
Conclusion
The co-expression of IL-13Rα2 with nuclear and cytoplasmic FUS may serve as a reliable prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in glioma.
Quadruplet expanded DNA (QED) genetic code for eukaryotic cells**
Authors: Singh Rama Shankar 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
QED genetic code for eukaryote cells is developed by analyzing triplet gene encoding and overcoming the lack of transcription and splicing regulations. While verifying the triplet genetic code, Nobel laureate H.G. Khorana had trouble synthesizing self-complementarity forming Poly r-dinucleotides adjacent bases, not promoting polypeptide formation, a noncoding. The QED noncoding codon has a similar trait. Here, the QED codon is assumed to comprise all four DNA bases (T, C, A, and G); the code is position-independent and symmetric. The self-complementarity forming adjacent bases (AU) and (C G) with any two NN (N any T, C, A, and G) bases are noncoding. Four DNA bases arranged in a 4x4 square symmetric matrix yield ten independent elements, which set in a 10x10 square symmetric matrix yield 55 independent elements. Under QED assumptions, 55 quadruplets fall into two groups: 20 independent protein-encoding codons and 35 independent noncoding codons applicable to regulating and controlling synthesis, transcription, and splicing processes. Since gene variants lead to dysfunctional protein-causing diseases, steps to correct dysfunctional proteins are described, anticipating a strategy for developing cures for rare diseases and multigenic cancers.

** Patent Pending
A Decennials Study of the Trend of antibiotics studies in China
Authors: YU TONG , Rajasekar Adharsh , Zhang Songhe 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Antibiotics are one of the greatest inventions in human history and are used worldwide on an enormous scale. Besides its extensive usage in medical and veterinary arenas to treat and prevent the infection, its application is very prominent in other fields, including agriculture, aquaculture, and horticulture. In recent decades, the increased consumption of antibiotics in China saw a vast increase in its production and disposal in various environments. However, in this post-antibiotic era, the abuse and misuse of these valuable compounds could lead to the unreversible consequence of drug resistance. In China, antibiotics are given a broad discussion in various fields to reveal their impact on both human/animals health and the environment. To our knowledge, we are the first paper to look back at the development trend of antibiotic-related studies in China with qualitative and quantitative bibliometric analysis from the past decades. Our study identified and analysed 5559 papers from its inception (1991) to December 6, 2021, from the Web of Science Core Collection database. However, with few authors and institutions focusing on long term studies, we found the quality of contributions were uneven. Studies mainly focused on areas such as food science, clinical research, and environmental studies, including Molecular biology, genetics and environmental, ecotoxicology, and nutrition, which indicate possible primary future trends. Our study reports on including potentially new keywords, studies' milestones, and their contribution to antibiotic research. We offer potential topics that may be important in upcoming years that could help guide future research.
Synthesis and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of cinnnamamides
Authors: Aijijiyah Nur Pasca , Wati First Ambar , Rahayu Reni , Srilisti Alfatchu , Mahzumi Farah , Aulia Tinezsia , Santoso Liangga , Pamela Egar , Ramadhani Ersya Yanu , Ilfahmi Yan Alamanda , Purnomo Adi Setyo , Putra Surya Rosa , Santoso Eko , Ningsih Sri , Firdausi Nisrina , Santoso Mardi 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Suitably substituted cinnnamamides were successfully synthesized in 11-92% yield. Majority of the cinnnamamides displayed IC50 greater than acarbose. Their α-glucosidase inhibitory activity greatly depended on their structure with electron-withdrawing groups on the cinnamoyl aromatic ring causing increased inhibition activity. The synthesized cinnnamamides showed acceptable physicochemical and pharmacokinetics characteristics with little toxicity indicating their potential use as lead drug candidates. Molecular docking studies of these compounds were also conducted to elucidate their mechanism of action. Overall, these cinnnamamides show potential as lead structures for further optimization as α-glucosidase inhibitors.
Progesterone activation of β1-containing BK channels involves two novel binding sites
Authors: North Kelsey , Shaw Andrew , Bukiya Anna , DOPICO ALEX 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Progesterone at ≥1 µM is used in recovery of cerebral ischemia, an effect likely contributed to by cerebrovascular dilation. The targets of this progesterone action are unknown. Activation of cerebrovascular myocyte BK channels, which include channel-forming α and regulatory β1 subunits, causes cerebrovascular dilation. We report that µM progesterone activates mouse cerebrovascular myocyte BK channels; this action is lost in β1-/- mice and α subunit homotetramers reconstituted into lipid bilayers but sustained in β1/β4-containing heteromers. Progesterone binds to both regulatory subunits, and two novel steroid binding sites, conserved in β1-β4 are unveiled: high affinity (sub-µM), which involves Trp87 in β1 loop, and low affinity (µM) defined by TM1 Tyr32 and TM2 Trp163. Probing mutant channels with progesterone and its oxime-analog indicates that progesterone-loop binding facilitates binding to the low-affinity site where a single progesterone molecule bridges Tyr32-Trp163 to activate BK channels, thus unveiling a novel model of steroid-ion channel interactions.
Phenotyping peanut cultivars with contrasting responses to pod rot pathogens
Authors: Li Jin , Jiang Chun Jiao , Yang Zhen , Liang Feng Jian , Wang Zhi Wei , Wang Xiu Zhen , Sun Xiu Shan , Zhang Ming Jun , Wang Chuan Tang 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In recent years, soil-borne diseases including pod rot have become increasingly rampant with climate change, causing serious yield and quality losses to peanut. Resistance breeding is considered an effective measure for pod rot management. Nine peanut cultivars with various degrees of resistance were used to study leaf/shell anatomical and shell biochemical features, main agronomic traits and leaf spot disease ratings in relation to pod rot score. All four anatomical features, viz., leaf palisade cell number, cell width, index and shell lignin staining area, were negatively correlated with peanut pod rot score at 0.01 levels. However, a robust association between shell lignin content and pod rot score was not established. Given the stable and strong correlation between these anatomical features and pod rot scores and high heritability estimates of these features, the pre-existing resistance may be identified even in the absence of disease. This study provided useful selection indicators for screening for resistance to pod rot in peanut. Association analysis of peanut pod rot resistance is being carried out at our laboratory using several natural populations phenotyped in multiple environments. Particular attention will be paid to the relationship between resistance and these indicators from a genetic perspective.
Trace weak solvation environment enabling ultra-stable high-voltage solid-state lithium metal battery
Authors: He Yan-Bing , Yang Ke , Jiao Junyu , Ma Jiabin , Jiao Shizhe , Chen Likun , Zhang Danfeng , Li Yuhang , Cheng Xing , Mi Jinshuo , Biao Jie , Li Boyu , An Xufei , Hu Wei , Zheng Jiaxin , Liu Ming , Kang Feiyu 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF)-based solid-state electrolytes with “Li salt-polymer-trace residual solvent” configuration are the most promising candidates for room-temperature solid-state batteries. However, we reveal that an unstable high concentration [Li(N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF))x]+ solution structure is locally aggregated in PVDF matrix acting as solid diluent, which presents strong intermolecular interactions with PVDF that greatly restricts the high throughput ion transport and interfacial stability. Here, we propose a universal strategy to construct stable weakened solvation environment by partially replacing the DMF using 2,2,2-trifluoroacetamide (TFA). The TFA presents much lower binding energy with both Li+ and PVDF than DMF, which synchronously achieve high ionic conductivity (7.0×10-4 S cm-1) and Li transference number (0.67) of PVDF-based electrolyte. The TFA can also tailor the solvation structures to form abundant contact ion pairs and aggregates that generate inorganic-rich interfaces to greatly enhance the stability with both Li metal anode and high voltage cathode. The developed composite electrolyte enables record cycling of 2890 and 600 hours in solid-state Li||Li symmetric cells at 0.5 mA cm-2 and 1 mA cm-2, respectively. The solid-state Li||LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 full cells show ultra-long lifespan of 4900 and 3000 times with cut-off voltage of 4.3 V and 4.5 V, respectively, and deliver superior stability under practical conditions from -20 to 45 °C and pouch cell level.
Host-driven temperature dependence of viral infection in honey bees
Authors: Palmer-Young Evan , Ryabov Eugene , Markowitz Lindsey , Boncristiani Dawn , Grubbs Kyle , Pawar Asha , Peterson Raymond , Evans Jay 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The temperature dependence of infection reflects changes in performance of parasites and hosts. High temperatures often mitigate infection by favoring heat-tolerant hosts over heat-sensitive parasites. Honey bees exhibit endothermic thermoregulation—rare among insects—that can favor resistance to parasites. However, viruses are heavily host-dependent, suggesting that viral infection could be supported—not threatened—by optimum host function. To understand how temperature-driven changes in performance of viruses and hosts shape infection, we compared the temperature dependence of isolated viral enzyme activity, three honey bee traits, and infection of honey bee pupae.
Viral enzyme activity varied <2-fold over a >30 °C interval spanning temperatures typical of ectothermic insects and honey bees. In contrast, honey bee performance peaked at high (≥ 35 °C) temperatures and was highly temperature-sensitive. Although these results suggested that increasing temperature would favor hosts over viruses, the temperature dependence of pupal infection matched that of pupal development, falling only near pupae’s upper thermal limits. Our results reflect the host-dependent nature of viruses, suggesting that infection is accelerated—not curtailed—by optimum host function, contradicting predictions based on relative performance of parasites and hosts, and suggesting tradeoffs between infection resistance and host survival that limit the viability of bee ‘fever’.
Genotypes with high stem reserve mobilization can overcome the impact of rust on Chickpea yield
Authors: Mohanty Pawan Kumar , Ramakrishnan R Shiv , C Mamatha B , K Rudresh , R Sabale P , Pal Madan , K Samaiya R , Rane Jagadish , S Gurumurthy 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Chickpea is one of the major pulse crops cultivated worldwide. It is affected by many fungal diseases including rust caused by the fungus Uromyces ciceris arietini. Its severity is mainly observed during the flowering and pod development stage and this causes considerable yield losses. The present investigation was carried out at ICAR-NIASM, Baramati during 2021–2022 to assess genotypic variation in stem reserve mobilization (SRM) and its influence on loss of grain yield due to rust infection on the basis of severity of rust, seed yield and test weight. The SRM was strongly correlated (R2꞊ 0.96) with yield irrespective of the severity of rust infection. Phule Vikram, a local chickpea genotype, recorded the highest grain yield (1506.6 kg/ha) and SRM (23.65 mg/g stem dry weight) while the lowest yield was recorded in Pusa Green 112 (476.7 kg/ha), a susceptible, genotype that had less SRM (3.44 mg/g stem dry weight) and partially filled grain. The results indicated that SRM has a major role in ensuring pod filling even under rust infection. Hence, it is suggested that the emphasis should be on SRM as a trait for selection of early generation breeding lines in the chickpea improvement program with precaution to reduce a penalty if any in terms of attraction of pests by increased access to soluble sugars in high SRM genotypes.
Snapshot depth - spectral imaging based on image mapping and light field
Authors: Ding Xiaoming , Hu Liang , Zhou Shubo , Wang Xiaocheng , Li Yupeng , Han Tingting , Lu Dunqiang , Che Guowei 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In recent years, the snapshot multi - dimensional imaging technology is emerging and becomes an increasing research focus. Especially, the spatial, spectral and depth information of scenes is particularly useful in target detection, recognition, tracking, scene classification et al. This paper proposes a snapshot depth - spectral imaging architecture based on image mapping and light field to realize the capture of depth - spectral information in a single snapshot. Specifically, we modulate the depth - spectral information of targets onto a two - dimensional sensor in three steps. Firstly, an image mapper is utilized to slice and reflect the first image to different directions and make void space between two adjacent strip images. This is a spatial modulation processing. Then, a direct vision prism is used to disperse the mapped and collimated light. Finally, the light field sensor with a micro - lens array captures the dispersed light field. Complimentary, we also proposed the reconstruction method under the remapping and digital refocus framework. Through simulations, we demonstrate that the proposed snapshot depth – spectral imaging system is effective to measure the depth - spectral information of scenes in a single snapshot time.