bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design of Ellipsoidal and Torispherical Heads in Pressure Vessel and Review of Restrictions in Material Strength Imposed in ASME Sec. VIII Div. 1: A Comparative Study of Various Codes of Constructions
Authors: Mathkar Ameya , Gopalakrishnan Shyam , Pathre Sujay S. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Pressure Vessels are made with various types of end closures. Commonly used end closures are ellipsoidal dished ends, torispherical dished end and hemispherical dished ends. For design of these end closures the rules provided in ASME Sec. VIII Div. 1[1] and ASME Sec. VIII Div. 2[2] differ significantly and a similar phenomenon could be observed when a review is done against popular international Code(s) for pressure vessel design like PD 5500 [3], EN 13445 [4]. The difference in the design methodology is due to the design approach used in developing the equations in these Code(s) of Construction.
ASME Sec. VIII Div.1 in Para UG-32(d) and in Appendix 1–4 (c) & (d), end note 88 for design of all torispherical heads subject to internal pressure states that the maximum allowable stress used to calculate the required thickness cannot exceed 20 ksi (138 MPa) at room temperature irrespective of the strength of the material. This restriction is further reduced in proportion at elevated temperatures. Similar kinds of a restriction in the allowable stress is imposed for design of ellipsoidal heads when the factor K (shape factor in the design of ellipsoidal head) exceeds 1.0 in ASME Sec. VIII Div. 1.
If we refer to other Code(s) like ASME Sec. VIII Div.2 and PD 5500 and EN 13445, one can observe that the restriction of allowable stress in the design of ellipsoidal and torispherical heads are not imposed when high strength materials are selected for the construction of dished ends.
The work reported in this paper is an attempt to review the design methodology adopted for design of ellipsoidal dished ends with K exceeding 1.0 and all torispherical heads according to ASME Sec. VIII Div. 1 with ASME Sec. VIII Div. 2, PD 5500 and EN 13445 and to evaluate whether the restriction in the allowable stress imposed by ASME Sec. VIII Div. 1 is really required. Also, FEA of the dished ends are carried out to determine the stresses induced and a comparison is made against various Code(s) classical formula requirements.
Master Curve Evaluation Using the Fracture Toughness Data at Low Test Temperature of T-To&lt;-50 °C
Authors: Yamamoto Masato , Kirk Mark , Shinko Tomoki 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The Master Curve fracture toughness evaluation method standardized by ASTM E1921 and JEAC4216 specifies the acceptable test temperature (T) to be selected within the range of ±50°C from evaluated reference temperature, To. If small size specimens, such as 4mm thickness Mini-C(T) are used to measure KJc, temperatures lower in this range should be selected to avoid an excessive number of censored data points due to plastic strain evolution that leads to specimen failure above the KJclimit prescribed by both standards. The combined constraints imposed by the To±50°C range and the KJclimit may cause difficulty in selecting an appropriate test temperature. The present study proposes a criterion based on Tave, the average of test temperature of uncensored valid KJcs in a data set, to judge whether a dataset including data obtained below T-To = −50°C can be used for the Master Curve evaluation. Multiple analyses with synthetic fracture toughness datasets, which explore different minimum toughness and temperature dependence characteristics than the classical Master Curve assumption as sensitivity studies, demonstrated that if Tave-To ≧ −50°C the resultant To value reasonably represents the fracture toughness of the data even if the dataset includes some data tested below T-To = −50°C. Master Curve analyses performed on recursively sampled datasets from an experimental fracture toughness dataset of over 200 points demonstrated that Tave reasonably works for T evaluation of such datasets even if a realistic limited number of specimens are tested. These results showed a higher percentage of “valid” To evaluations than can be achieved using the existing requirements of either ASTM E1921 or JEAC4216.
Adaptation of Standards to Innovative Reactors
Authors: Munoz Garcia Jorge Enrique , Pétesch Cécile , Lebarbé Thierry 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In the frame of a construction of a nuclear installation, it is necessary to lean on one or several technical references (codes and standards). These codes and standards evolve constantly, in particular to integrate know-how derived from feedback and technical evolutions. This diversity and the innovative characteristic are in opposition with a codification status, as code and standards are based on the recognized industrial feedback. By definition, no code exists for a real innovative system. Existing codes have thus to be adapted or completed to cover the special features of a new concept. Such a process has been engaged for the AFCEN RCC-MRx code (Rules for mechanical components of nuclear installations: high temperature, research and fusion reactors) to adapt the code to innovative reactors (Gen IV, Fusion...) new needs for many years now and we want to keep on introducing new concepts in the code regarding emerging needs as for Small Modular Reactor (SMR).
Rapid megaflood-triggered base-level rise on Mars
Authors: Ahmed Joshua , Peakall Jeffrey , Balme Matthew R. , Parsons Daniel R. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The existence of ancient fluvial systems on Mars is widely accepted, but little is known about how quickly they formed, or what environmental conditions controlled their evolution. We analyzed a sequence of well-preserved inner-bank bar deposits within the meander bends of a multistacked sinuous fluvial ridge in Aeolis Dorsa and compared them to similar features on Earth to establish the conditions required for their formation. Our results reveal that these Martian channels were highly aggradational, rising an order of magnitude higher than terrestrial rivers. This evolution occurred over very rapid time scales, with our estimates suggesting that some entire inner-bar set deposits, and therefore the aggradational channel, may have formed in less than a single Martian year, with upper bounds of a few decades. We suggest that this unique channel topography was created by a rapidly rising downstream water body, triggered by a sequence of externally sourced megafloods (e.g., crater lake breaches).
Well-posedness for SQG sharp fronts with unbounded curvature
Authors: Gancedo Francisco , Nguyen Huy Q. , Patel Neel 
Published: November 2022

Patch solutions for the surface quasigeostrophic (SQG) equation model sharp temperature fronts in atmospheric and oceanic flows. Boundedness of curvature plays an important role in the theoretical [F. Gancedo and R. M. Strain, Absence of splash singularities for surface quasi-geostrophic sharp fronts and the Muskat problem, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 111 (2014) 635–639] and numerical [D. Córdoba, M. A. Fontelos, A. M. Mancho and J. L. Rodrigo, Evidence of singularities for a family of contour dynamics equations, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 102 (2005) 5949–5952; R. K. Scott and D. G. Dritschel, Numerical simulation of a self-similar cascade of filament instabilities in the surface quasigeostrophic system, Phys. Rev. Lett. 112 (2014) 144505] study of singularity formation. In this paper, we establish local well-posedness for SQG sharp fronts of low Sobolev regularity, [Formula: see text] for arbitrarily small [Formula: see text]. This is the first construction for SQG sharp front solutions with unbounded curvature.
Analysis of an alternative Navier–Stokes system: Weak entropy solutions and a convergent numerical scheme
Authors: Svärd Magnus 
Published: November 2022

We consider an alternative Navier–Stokes model for compressible viscous ideal gases, originally proposed in [M. Svärd, A new Eulerian model for viscous and heat conducting compressible flows, Physica A 506 (2018) 350–375.] We derive a priori estimates that are sufficiently strong to support a weak entropy solution of the system. Guided by these estimates, we propose a finite-volume scheme, derive the analogous estimates and demonstrate grid convergence towards a weak entropy solution. Furthermore, this existence proof is valid for “large” initial data and no a priori assumptions on the solution are needed.
11S Proteasome Activator REGγ Promotes Aortic Dissection by Inhibiting RBM3 (RNA Binding Motif Protein 3) Pathway
Authors: Xie Yifan , Gao Rifeng , Gao Yang , Dong Zheng , Ge Junbo 
Published: November 2022

Background:
Aortic dissection (AD) is a life-threatening cardiovascular disorder with high mortality and lacking underlying mechanisms or effective treatments. REGγ, the 11S proteasome activator known to promote the degradation of cellular proteins in a ubiquitin- and ATP-independent manner, emerges as a new regulator in the cardiovascular system.

Methods:
Using β-aminopropionitrile (BAPN)-subjected REGγ knockout AD mice and Ang II (angiotensin II)–treated REGγ deficiency vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) to explore the effect of REGγ in AD progression.

Results:
REGγ was upregulated in mouse aorta of β-aminopropionitrile-induced AD model in vivo and Ang II–treated VSMCs in vitro. REGγ deficiency ameliorated AD progression in β-aminopropionitrile-induced mice by protecting against the switch in VSMCs from contractile to synthetic phenotype through suppressing RBM3 (RNA-binding motif protein 3) decay. Mechanically, REGγ interacted with and degraded the RNA-binding protein RBM3 directly, leading to decreased mRNA stability, lowered expression and transcriptional activity of transcription factor SRF (serum response factor), subsequently reduced transcription of VSMCs-specific contractile genes, α-SMA (alpha-smooth muscle actin) and SM22α (smooth muscle 22 alpha), caused the switch in VSMCs from contractile to synthetic phenotype and associated AD progression. Ablation of endogenous SRF or RBM3, or overexpressing exogenous RBM3 in VSMCs significantly blocked or reestablished the REGγ-dependent action on VSMCs phenotypic switch of Ang II stimulation in vitro. Furthermore, exogenously introducing RBM3 improved the switch in VSMCs from contractile to synthetic phenotype and associated AD features caused by REGγ in vivo.

Conclusions:
Our results demonstrated that REGγ promoted the switch in VSMCs from contractile to synthetic phenotype and AD progression by inhibiting RBM3-SRF pathway, indicated that modulating REGγ-proteasome activity may be a potential therapeutic approach for AD-associated cardiovascular dysfunction.
A new genus and a new groundhopper species from Nepal (Orthoptera: Tetriginae: Skejotettix netrajyoti gen. et sp. nov.)&nbsp;
Authors: SUBEDI MADAN 
Published: November 2022

This paper describes one new genus from Nepal, Skejotettix gen. nov., and one new species of this new genus, S. netrajyoti gen. et sp. nov. and assigns one species to this new genus, S. muglingi (Ingrisch, 2001b) comb. nov. from Coptotettix Bolívar, 1887. The genus is morphologically close to Ergatettix Kirby, 1914 from Nepal, Lamellitettigodes Günther, 1939 from SE Asia, and Hainantettix Deng, 2020 (including H. angustivertex (Zha et Peng, 2021) comb. nov. and H. hainanensis (Liang, 2002) comb. nov.) from Hainan, China. New distribution records have been provided to Coptotettix. Endemic to Nepal, the genus Skejotettix gen. nov. shares two different habitat types (subtropical Sal forest for S. netrajyoti gen. et sp. nov., and river/stream/pond bank for S. muglingi (Ingrisch, 2001b) comb. nov.).
Using a Green’s Function Approach to Diagnose the Pattern Effect in GFDL AM4 and CM4
Authors: Zhang Bosong , Zhao Ming , Tan Zhihong 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Global radiative feedbacks exhibit large dependence on the spatial structure of sea surface temperature (SST) changes, which is referred to as the “pattern effect.” A Green’s function (GF) approach has been demonstrated to be useful in identifying and understanding contributions of regional SST changes to global radiative feedbacks. Here, we explore the ability of the GF approach in quantifying the pattern effect in an atmospheric model (AM4) and a coupled model (CM4) recently developed at NOAA’s Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL), including the impact of SST changes on global-mean and local responses of key variables important to climate. Given historical SST patterns, the GF derived from idealized experiments with SST warming patches can largely reproduce AM4 simulated global-mean and regional responses. When AM4 is forced by SST patterns retrieved from the CM4 abrupt quadrupling of carbon dioxide experiment, the same GF captures interannual variations of AM4 simulated global-mean responses but falls short of reproducing the magnitude of the responses. A decomposition of such SST patterns into global-mean values plus remaining anomalies helps reduce biases. Additional idealized experiments are conducted to examine the sensitivity of the GF to the amplitude and sign of SST perturbations and to the integration time and the confidence level of the significance test. Impacts of these factors on the performance of the GF are discussed.
Body Weight Dissatisfaction and Health Risk Behaviors in Adolescents
Authors: Gonçalves Leticia , Zanlorenci Suellem , Borges Leandro Lima , de Lima Tiago Rodrigues , Silva Diego Augusto Santos 
Published: November 2022

Body weight dissatisfaction has been described as a marker for various health diseases, given its direct association with social, physical, and emotional suffering. We investigated the association between body weight dissatisfaction and health risk behaviors in adolescents. This was a cross-sectional study conducted with 668 adolescents aged 14–19 years in the city of São José, southern Brazil. Body weight satisfaction/dissatisfaction was assessed using a questionnaire validated for the investigated population. Health risk behaviors included smoking, alcohol, illicit drugs, medication, non-prescription anabolic steroids, not using seatbelt, unsafe sexual behavior and not knowing how to deal with day-to-day stress. Among males, 66.1% were dissatisfied with their body weight (32.1% due to thinness and 34.0% due to overweight). Among females, 80.0% were dissatisfied with their body weight (24.5% due to thinness and 55.5% due to overweight). There were no significant differences regarding health risk behaviors according to body weight satisfaction/dissatisfaction and sex. Compared to males who were satisfied with their body weight, those who were dissatisfied due to being overweight were more likely to be using tobacco (OR: 2.9; 95% CI: 2.1–4.2), alcohol (OR: 1.7; 95% CI: 1.5–1.9) and anabolic steroids (OR: 2.7; 95% CI: 1.2–5.7). Compared to females who were satisfied with their body weight, those who were dissatisfied due to thinness were more likely to be consuming alcoholic beverages (OR: 1.6; 95% CI: 1.2–2.0) and less likely to be consuming illicit drugs (OR: 0.5; 95% CI: 0.3–0.8). Interventions aimed at health education regarding the non-adoption of risk behaviors such as alcohol and tobacco use, as well as the non-use of anabolic steroids, and favoring the maintenance of general health, may be important for adolescents with body dissatisfaction. These data suggest that health risk behaviors such as adolescent male use of tobacco, alcohol, and anabolic steroids and the use of alcohol and drugs by female adolescents can be related to body weight dissatisfaction.
Foot and/or ankle problems following limb alignment changes in uni-compartmental knee arthroplasty
Authors: Güngör Harun Reşit , Bayrak Gökhan , Zora Hakan , Şavkın Raziye , Büker Nihal 
Published: November 2022

Objective Foot and/or ankle (F/A) problems may be encountered in medial uni-compartmental knee (UKA) patients postoperatively due to the limb alignment changes and alterations in weight bearing of F/A. This study aimed to evaluate the risk factors and the incidence of foot and ankle (F/A) problems in (UKA) arthroplasty patients. Methods Patients who underwent UKA between 2016 and 2019 in our clinic were evaluated and the presence of F/A problems was recorded. Radiologic evaluations included hip knee ankle angle (HKA), medial proximal tibial angle, posterior tibial slope angle, talar tilt angle, talar inclination, talar dome to mechanical axis (TDMA), and talocrural angle (TCA) measured on preoperative and follow-up long-leg standing radiographs. The range of motion, Q angles, and muscle strengths were measured. Visual analog scale, physical performance limitations, and patient-reported activity limitations were evaluated for all patients. Patients with reported F/A problems were additionally evaluated with Foot Functional Index. Results Forty-four patients (38 female, 6 male; mean age 58.66 ± 8.6 years; mean BMI 31.30 ± 3.81, mean follow-up period 34.22 ± 18.95 months) were included in the study. There were 13 patients (29.5%) with reported F/A problems. Postoperative comparison of patients with and without F/A problems showed statistically significant differences in only WOMAC and SF12 physical health sub-scores ( p = 0.002, p = 0.003, respectively). There was no significant postoperative change in TDMA in patients with F/A problems ( p > 0.05) in contrast to patients without F/A problems ( p = 0.006). There was no statistically significant difference in preoperative TCA measurements between groups ( p = 0.79). Comparison of knee and ankle radiologic measurements between groups demonstrated significant difference only in postoperative HKA measurements (−2.82 ± 2.53 vs. −0.80 ± 3.12, p = 0.033). Conclusion F/A problems adversely affecting the functional status were frequent in our cohort of UKA patients. Postoperative residual varus deformity may be a risk factor for this. Therefore, if slight varus alignment is aimed at UKA patients, preoperative F/A status should be evaluated.
A novel polymer-conjugated human IL-15 improves efficacy of CD19-targeted CAR T-cell immunotherapy
Authors: Hirayama Alexandre V. , Chou Cassie K. , Miyazaki Takahiro , Steinmetz Rachel N. , Di Henna A. , Fraessle Simon P. , Gauthier Jordan , Fiorenza Salvatore , Hawkins Reed M. , Overwijk Willem W. , Riddell Stanley R. , Marcondes Mario Q. , Turtle Cameron J. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)–modified T-cell therapies targeting CD19 represent a new treatment option for patients with relapsed/refractory (R/R) B-cell malignancies. However, CAR T-cell therapy fails to elicit durable responses in a significant fraction of patients. Limited in vivo proliferation and survival of infused CAR T cells are key causes of failure. In a phase 1/2 clinical trial of CD19 CAR T cells for B-cell malignancies (#NCT01865617), low serum interleukin 15 (IL-15) concentration after CAR T-cell infusion was associated with inferior CAR T-cell kinetics. IL-15 supports T-cell proliferation and survival, and therefore, supplementation with IL-15 may enhance CAR T-cell therapy. However, the clinical use of native IL-15 is challenging because of its unfavorable pharmacokinetic (PK) and toxicity. NKTR-255 is a polymer-conjugated IL-15 that engages the entire IL-15 receptor complex (IL-15Rα/IL-2Rβγ) and exhibits reduced clearance, providing sustained pharmacodynamic (PD) responses. We investigated the PK and immune cell PDs in nonhuman primates treated with NKTR-255 and found that NKTR-255 enhanced the in vivo proliferation of T cells and natural killer cells. In vitro, NKTR-255 induced dose-dependent proliferation and accumulation of human CD19 CAR T cells, especially at low target cell abundance. In vivo studies in lymphoma-bearing immunodeficient mice demonstrated enhanced antitumor efficacy of human CD19 CAR T cells. In contrast to mice treated with CAR T cells alone, those that received CAR T cells and NKTR-255 had markedly higher CAR T-cell counts in the blood and marrow that were sustained after tumor clearance, without evidence of persistent proliferation or ongoing activation/exhaustion as assessed by Ki-67 and inhibitory receptor coexpression. These data support an ongoing phase 1 clinical trial of combined therapy with CD19 CAR T cells and NKTR-255 for R/R B-cell malignancies.
Vehicular Electronic Image Stabilization System Based on a Gasoline Model Car Platform
Authors: Zhang Ning , Yang Yuan , Wu Jianhua , Zhao Ziqian , Yin Guodong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractNoise, vibration and harshness (NVH) problems in vehicle engineering are always challenging in both traditional vehicles and intelligent vehicles. Although high accuracy manufacturing, modern structural roads and advanced suspension technology have already significantly reduced NVH problems and their impacts; off-road condition, obstacles and extreme operating condition could still trigger NVH problems unexpectedly. This paper proposes a vehicular electronic image stabilization (EIS) system to solve the vibration problem of the camera and ensure the environment perceptive function of vehicles. Firstly, feature point detection and matching based on an oriented FAST and rotated BRIEF (ORB) algorithm are implemented to match images in the process of EIS. Furthermore, a novel improved random sampling consensus algorithm (i-RANSAC) is proposed to eliminate mismatched feature points and increase the matching accuracy significantly. And an adaptive Kalman filter (AKF) is applied to improve the adaptability of the vehicular EIS. Finally, an experimental platform based on a gasoline model car was established to validate its performance. The experimental results show that the proposed EIS system can satisfy vehicular performance requirements even under off-road condition with obvious obstacles.
Risk factors for ventilator-associated pneumonia due to multi-drug resistant organisms after cardiac surgery in adults
Authors: Wang Meizhu , Xu Xi , Wu Shuo , Sun Huiying , Chang Yan , Li Meng , Zhang Xiaoxiao , Lv Xing , Yang Zhaoxu , Ti Xinyu 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is one of the most common intensive care unit (ICU)-acquired infections, which can cause multiple adverse events. Due to bacterial mutation and overuse of antimicrobial drugs, multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO) has become one of the major causes of postoperative VAP infections in cardiac patients. Therefore, this study aims to explore the risk factors for VAP with MDRO following cardiac surgery in adults.

Methods
The clinical data of adult VAP patients following cardiac surgery in the hospital from Jan 2017 to May 2021 were analyzed retrospectively, and the patients were divided into the MDRO VAP group and the non-MDRO VAP group. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed on risk factors in patients with MDRO VAP. The species and drug sensitivity of pathogens isolated from the VAP patients were also analyzed.

Results
A total of 61 VAP cases were involved in this study, with 34 cases in the MDRO VAP group (55.7%) and 27 cases in the non-MDRO VAP group (44.3%). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that independent risk factors for MDRO VAP included preoperative creatinine clearance rate (CCR) ≥ 86.6ml, intraoperative cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) time ≥ 151 min, postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) and nasal feeding. Gram-negative bacilli were the main pathogens in VAP patients (n = 54, 90.0%), with the highest rate of Acinetobacter baumannii (n = 24, 40.0%). Additionally, patients with MDRO VAP had a significantly longer postoperative intensive care unit (ICU) duration and higher hospitalization costs than non-MDRO VAP patients, but there was no notable difference in the 28-day mortality rate between the two groups.

Conclusion
Based on implementing measures to prevent VAP, clinicians should pay more attention to patients with kidney disease, longer intraoperative CPB time, and postoperative nasal feeding to avoid MDRO infections.