bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biosynthesized Silver Nanoparticles Encapsulated in a Poly(vinyl alcohol) Matrix: Dielectric and Structural Properties
Authors: Bulla Soumya S. , Bhajantri R. F. , Chavan Chetan , Sakthipandi K. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn the present investigation, silver (Ag) nanoparticles were prepared employing green synthesis from the aqueous leaves extract of Cyperus rotundus (CR) plant at ambient temperature in less reaction time. A preliminary phytochemical analysis test was performed, and it has been revealed that the extract comprised bioactive components such as alkaloids, phenols, and terpenoids, among others. For average size, the morphology (spherical shape) and purity of the nanoparticles were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM, 358 nm) with energy‐dispersive X‐ray (EDX), dynamic light scattering (27 nm), high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy (3.9 nm), and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) pattern methods. Without any extra peaks in the EDX spectrum, the produced Ag nanoparticles were confirmed to be pure. In addition, the solvent‐casting approach has been used to encapsulate a different weight fraction of biosynthesized Ag nanoparticles (CR−Ag−NPs) in a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) matrix. By using UV‐visible, FTIR spectroscopy, and SEM, we were able to characterize the synthesized CR−Ag−NPs as well as their composite (PVA) films, and we were able to compare the results with those of pristine PVA. The effects of doping with CR−Ag−NPs on structural and morphological changes of PVA were studied. Impedance studies, including dielectric constant, dielectric loss, tangent loss, and AC conductivity, revealed that incorporating CR−Ag−NPs into the PVA matrix impacts the electrical properties of PVA. This study showed that the synthesized nanoparticles had a spherical shape with entangled biocomponents and were encapsulated within the PVA polymer matrix, indicating that CR−Ag−NPs can be used in various applications (wound healing).
Using Molecular Dynamics Simulations to Understand the Effect of Fatty Acids Chain Length on Structural and Dynamic Properties of Deep Eutectic Solvents Based on Choline Chloride and Fatty Acids
Authors: Barani Pour Samaneh , Jahanbin Sardroodi Jaber , Rastkar Ebrahimzadeh Alireza , Sadegh Avestan Mohammad 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe binary mixtures of choline chloride and a series of fatty acids such as Caprylic acid (C8), Capric acid (C10), Lauric acid (C12), Myristic acid (14), and Palmitic acid (C16) have been prepared. The structural and dynamical properties of the eutectic mixture with the constant molar ratio of Ch+Cl−: FAs=1 : 1 was evaluated at 353 K. To analyze the intermolecular interactions in the binary mixtures, the 100 ns MD simulation was implemented using the NPT ensemble. The structure and properties of the binary mixtures were investigated to understand their molecular interactions. The results confirmed that the interaction between chloride ions and fatty acids has played an important role in interrupting the main interaction between the acids in the pure state. However, Interactions between chloride anion and the hydroxyl group of cations are more weakened in the presence of FAs with a shorter chain length. It is well known that there is a similar relationship between the intermolecular interactions and dynamics properties in distinctive structures of DES. Therefore, the other theme of this study is exploring the possible effect of intermolecular interactions on the self‐diffusion coefficients of species and determining the fatty acids that have stronger interactions with choline chloride salt to form the eutectic solvents. The diffusion coefficient of species was calculated by Einstein's equations. The results of dynamics properties showed the strong Hydrogen bonding network of the binary mixture of Caprylic acid and Choline chloride strongly affects molecular migrations.
Design and Fabrication of a Retrievable Magnetic Halloysite Nanotubes Supported Nickel Catalyst for the Efficient Degradation of Methylviolet 6B and Acid Orange 7
Authors: Arora Bhavya , Sharma Shivani , Dutta Sriparna , Sharma Aditi , Yadav Sneha , Rana Pooja , Mehta Shilpa , Sharma R. K. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMagnetic halloysite nanotubes based organic‐inorganic hybrid materials have elicited ripples of excitement in the area of water research and technology by the virtue of their hollow nanotubular structure, presence of adequate hydroxyl groups and tunable surface chemistry. Fascinated by these riveting benefits, a nickel based nanocatalyst has been designed wherein a bidentate chelating ligand “4‐aminoantipyrine (AA)” was anchored onto the surface of aminosilane functionalized magnetic halloysite nanotubes followed by its metalation. In a shorter time span of 30 min, the synthesized nanocatalyst showed outstanding degradation efficiency of 96.87 % and 96.22 % towards MV6B and AO7 respectively under neutral conditions. The ensuing nanocomposite in‐situ generates ⋅OH from H2O2 that aided in rapid degradation of MV6B and AO7 into innocuous products with unprecedented efficacy. Besides, the impressive magnetic attributes of designed Ni(II)@AA@APTES@MHNTs offer effortless magnetic retrievability with the aid of an external magnet and the catalyst could be recycled upto six consecutive runs. GC‐MS analysis helped in identifying the generated degradation products and provided valuable insights into the plausible degradation pathway of pollutants followed during the reaction. Through various studies, it is believed that the peerless advantages of Ni(II)@AA@APTES@MHNTs nanocatalyst will lay a foundation for treatment of wastewater containing devastating organic contaminants.
An Electrochemical Investigation into the Redox Properties of Push‐Pull Dibenzodioxins and Comparative Analysis with Analogous Heteroacenes
Authors: Raghava Tanya , Bhavana Purushothaman , Banerjee Subhadeep 
Published: December 2022

AbstractA series of dibenzodioxins containing electron push‐pull groups were synthesized using simple methods and their spectroscopic and redox behavior was studied. Electrochemical experiments were performed to measure the redox potentials of the substituted dibenzodioxins. The role of individual molecular subunits in tweaking the redox potential values was delineated by comparing them with the electrochemical properties of analogous heteroacenes. In many cases, our redox potentials were found to be comparably low with that of many well‐known heteroacenes.
Effects of Different Gases on the Molecular Behavior of Alkyl Glycosides at Gas/Liquid Interface and Foam Stability
Authors: Lai Nanjun , Zhang Chengbin , Wang Junqi , Tang Lei , Ye Zhongbin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis paper has explored the effects of different gases on the foam‐coarsening behavior and drainage process of APG, and combined with molecular simulation to analyze the molecular behavior and interaction between molecules of APG in different gas phases. The influence mechanism of different gases on APG was analyzed by radial distribution function (RDF), mean square displacement (MSD), interaction energy (IFE) and other results. The results show that due to the interaction between gas, water and APG, the hydrophilicity and molecular behavior of APG are affected, resulting in differences in coarsening behavior and drainage process of foam. CO2 has a significant impact on the stability of APG foam. When N2 is used as the foaming gas, APG foam has the most stable foam performance. This work provides relevant information about the factors affecting the foam stability and contributes to a better understanding of the foam stability mechanism.
Cinnamaldehyde‐based Natural Product as Viscosity‐Sensitive Sensor toward Liquid Safety Inspection
Authors: Xu Lingfeng , Kang Minqing , Xiong Fangzhi , Sui Yan , Huang Yanrong 
Published: December 2022

AbstractLiquids spoiled is considered gradually as a serious public problem, and heavily medical burden has been caused by this. We suspected that the viscosity level in the deterioration process is higher than those in the normal ones. For this reason, we have presented promising sustainable natural product, 4‐(dimethylamino)cinnamaldehyde (DLCA), for monitoring micro‐environmental viscosity alterations to achieve liquid safety inspection in a high sensitivity, rapid detection, and cheap equipment dependence pathway. This natural sensor with large stokes shift of 106.8 nm and maximum emission wavelength of 486.0 nm with high signal‐to‐noise ratio intensity. DLCA is consisted of a typical dimethylamine donor and aromatic aldehyde acceptor, connected with a rotatable single and double conjugated bond. The fluorescence intensity of this natural sensor increased 70 times with the enhancement of viscosity. The interference of other microenvironments such as pH and polarity, various potential analytes can be reduced. With the assistance of the fluorescence imaging technique, DLCA could sensitively and selectively non‐invasively identify thickening efficiency of various thickeners. Furthermore, DLCA may provide an attractive way to evaluate liquid deterioration extent with viscosity as a robust marker. We expected that this unique strategy will accelerate the efficient utilization of clean and reproducible resources.
Green Synthesis of Fe/Graphene Nanocomposite Using Cleistocalyx operculatus Leaf Extract as a Reducing Agent: Removal of Pollutants (RhB Dye and Cr6+ Ions) in Aqueous Media
Authors: Van Hoang Nguyen , Thi Xuan Quynh Nguyen , Dang Trung‐Dung , Nguyen Xuan Truong , Ngoc Toan Vu , Duc La Duong 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIndustrial wastewater contains many compounds that pollute the environment, which have a strong impact on humans and the ecosystem. Zero‐valent iron nanoparticles (nZVI) are materials with the potential to treat many wastes released into the aquatic environment. nZVI was synthesized via a green method using Cleistocalyx operculatus (CO) leaf extract as a reducing agent. Among them, graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) were used as support materials to enhance the reduction capacity and stability of nZVI. The morphology, structure, and crystallinity of the nZVI@GNPs nanocomposite were demonstrated through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Energy Dispersive X‐Ray Spectroscopy (EDS), and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR). Zero‐valent iron nanoparticles following an optimized process for spherical particles with particle sizes ranging from 30–100 nm, uniformly distributed on the surface of GNPs. The removal performance of RhB and Chromium (VI) ions by the nZVI@GNPs composite was evaluated through Ultraviolet‐Visible Spectroscopy (UV‐Vis). The results show that nZVI/GNPs can remove RhB and Cr6+ more than 98 % after 30 minutes of treatment. The affecting factors on the treatment process, such as pH, reaction time, and amount of material, were also studied.
The Criss‐Cross Cycloaddition: A Simple Access to Valuable Heterocycles and Polymers
Authors: Ali Rashid , Hasan Ahmad 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAldazines are considered as the 2,3‐diaza analogs of 1,4‐disubstituted‐1,3‐butadienes, and the addition takes place at the 1,3‐ and 2,4‐positions instead of 1,4‐ or 1,2‐positions of the conjugated double bonds to furnish the two fused five‐membered heterocyclic rings, and hence due to this peculiar reactivity pattern, in 1917, the reaction was dubbed as the “criss‐cross” cycloaddition reaction by Bailey and co‐workers ‐ a special type of the [2+3]‐cycloaddition, or 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition. Although, the reaction is known for more than a century, but still there are only countable reports available in the literature related to this wonderful cycloaddition reaction. Therefore, bearing the importance of this reaction in the generation of heterocyclic systems including polymeric materials in mind, we intended to comprehensively compile all the relevant data about this simple yet effective cycloaddition protocol. In this review article, we mainly categorized the whole document into four sections: intermolecular, intramolecular, combined inter‐intramolecular and polymerization reactions. We are in the opinion that this particular review article would provide a seed for future advancements ‐ cycloaddition in general and “criss‐cross cycloaddition” in particular, and one can foresee a bright future for this still young area of research.
N‐Chlorosuccinimide Mediated Regioselective Sulfenylation and Halogenation of 4H‐Pyrido[1,2‐a]pyrimidin‐4‐ones at Room Temperature
Authors: Prajapati Vaibhav D. , Prajapati Ronak V. , Purohit Vishal B. , Avalani Jemin R. , Sapariya Nirav H. , Kamani Ronak D. , Karad Sharad C. , Raval Dipak K. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractA simple and efficient strategy for N‐chlorosuccinimide mediated regioselective C−H sulfenylation and halogenation of 4H‐pyrido[1,2‐a]pyrimidin‐4‐ones has been established at room temperature using aryl thiols and phenyliodine(III) diacetate (PIDA) respectively. This methodology tolerated a broad variety of functional groups to obtain structurally diverse sulfenyl and halogenated 4H‐pyrido[1,2‐a]pyrimidin‐4‐one derivatives under mild conditions. It delivered a range of products which can serve as the key precursors for the synthesis of complex products relevant to pharmaceutical applications.
A software process improvement framework based on best practices
Authors: Walter Bartosz , Marovic Branko , Garnizov Ivan , Wolski Marcin , Todosijevic Andrijana 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSoftware process improvement requires significant effort related not only to the identification of relevant issues and providing an adequate response to them, but also to the implementation and adoption of the changes. Best practices provide recommendations to software teams on how to address identified objectives in practice, based on aggregated experience and knowledge. In the paper, we present the GÉANT SPI framework based on best practices, together with the collected experience from the process of adopting the best practices.
Hemodialysis as emergency treatment of a severe baclofen intoxication in a 3 kg dog
Authors: Gabba Linda , Iannucci Claudia , Vigani Alessio 
Published: December 2022

ObjectiveTo describe the clinical efficacy and drug removal kinetics of hemodialysis (HD) as emergency treatment in a small size dog with severe baclofen intoxication.Case descriptionA 2‐year‐old dog was presented in stupor to the emergency service a few hours after ingestion of up to 25 mg of baclofen. Medical stabilisation was attempted but was unsuccessful in improving the neurological condition and the patient rapidly progressed to coma. A 4‐h session of HD was performed in emergency with near complete resolution of neurological signs and only mild disorientation by the end of the treatment. No adverse side effects occurred during HD. Baclofen concentration was measured serially during the session. Drug extraction ratio, clearance and mass removal by the dialyser were calculated. Dialytic elimination rate constant (Kd) was seven times higher than the intrinsic elimination rate constant (Kintr) and the half‐life (t½) during HD was nearly nine times shorter than the endogenous one.New or unique information providedThis is the first case report providing pharmacokinetic data associated with HD treatment of severe baclofen intoxication in a dog.
Challenge-based Learning: How to Support the Development of an Entrepreneurial Mindset
Authors: Hölzner Heike Marita , Halberstadt Jantje 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAn entrepreneurial mindset is a special attitude or cognitive pattern enabling people to recognize opportunities in changes, and act in uncertain environments and without regard to the resources that are currently under their control. People with an entrepreneurial mindset actively shape their own future and our society. Fostering an entrepreneurial mindset is therefore not only relevant for the education of future founders; it is the key to harnessing the opportunities of technological development in such a way that we change our society for the better. This chapter discusses the significance, antecedents, and elements of an entrepreneurial mindset, and explores which didactic methods can be used to promote it in higher education. The authors describe their own experiences with the method of challenge-based learning, a further permutation of experiential learning that supports the development of an entrepreneurial mindset. The benefits of the approach will be discussed in the context of related educational theory and educational psychology to show that challenge-based learning can lead to innovative formats and can also be integrated into traditional settings, including courses that are not related to entrepreneurship at all.
Introducing an Innovative International Format for Experience-Based Sustainability Entrepreneurship Education: The YEEES Sustainability Camps
Authors: Alcorta de Bronstein Antonieta , Halberstadt Jantje , Bissett Shaun 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe YEEES Sustainability Camps are an innovative format for sustainability-oriented entrepreneurship education that gives participants from different backgrounds the opportunity to obtain real-life experience by helping solve sustainability issues in an international context. Universities from Germany and the south of Africa worked together in the implementation of four different Camps. The societal problems the world currently faces require change agents from various fields willing to contribute solutions and think entrepreneurially. We believe the Sustainability Camp format is an effective tool for motivating its participants to generate awareness about the problems it is tackling, while also acquiring key competences necessary for developing entrepreneurial solutions. In this chapter, we introduce the Sustainability Camps’ formats and share experiences being made by implementing and further developing it.
Introduction
Authors: Kermarrec Gaël , Skytt Vibeke , Dokken Tor 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWith the development of high rate sensors based on LIDAR (light detection and ranging) and sonar technology, geospatial data representing terrain or seabed often contains millions of points. Performing a surface approximation of the point clouds is an elegant way to reduce noisy and unorganized data to a mathematical surface with just a few coefficients to estimate. Traditional spline surfaces are able to compactly represent smooth shapes, but lack the ability to adapt the representation locally to the point clouds. Locally Refined (LR) B-spline surfaces address that challenge as they have the nice property of being locally refinable. Their format can be made compatible with most Geographic Information System (GIS) software, and they facilitate various applications such as the drawing of contour lines or spatio-temporal deformation analysis. This introduction aims to explain the need for surface approximation, and present the state of the art in that domain. We compare the LR B-spline approach with different methods for surface approximation including raster, and triangular irregular networks.
Adaptive Surface Fitting with Local Refinement: LR B-Spline Surfaces
Authors: Kermarrec Gaël , Skytt Vibeke , Dokken Tor 
Published: December 2022

AbstractA locally refined (LR) B-spline surface is a piecewise polynomial surface for which the distribution of the surface coefficients can be locally adapted. Such a mathematical representation is interesting for fitting scattered and noisy data, as the local behaviour of a real point cloud may require more degrees of freedom only locally. The number of redundant surface coefficients is minimized, which avoids the fitting of the point cloud’s noise. The surface approximation is performed iteratively either by solving a least squares system or by a local approximation method. This procedure allows for mesh refinement in domains where the distance between a current surface and the point cloud exceeds a prescribed tolerance. In this way, parts of the LR B-spline surface obtained at previous steps may be kept unchanged. This chapter aims at explaining the adaptive fitting using local refinement with LR B-splines. We present two examples with simulated point clouds to illustrate the methodology.
LR B-Spline Surfaces and Volumes for Deformation Analysis of Terrain Data
Authors: Kermarrec Gaël , Skytt Vibeke , Dokken Tor 
Published: December 2022

AbstractGeospatial data acquisition of terrains with contact-free sensors such as Terrestrial or Airbone Laser Scanners generates scattered and noisy point clouds. Performing a surface approximation is an efficient way to reduce and structure the recorded point clouds. To that end, LR B-splines are attractive as they allow a local refinement, on the contrary to the tensor product B-spline and raster surfaces. By comparing the approximation error with a given tolerance, a local refinement is performed. We apply this adaptive refinement strategy to landslides data sets from Alpine terrain in Austria. We show how different epochs of the point clouds can be analyzed with LR B-spline volumes for spatio-temporal visualisation of deformation. We highlight the potential of a time-differenced LR B-splines volume for analysing geomorphological changes. A further application of this method is the drawing of contour lines.
Low-scale leptogenesis with flavour and CP symmetries
Authors: Drewes M. , Georis Y. , Hagedorn C. , Klarić J. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
We consider a type-I seesaw framework endowed with a flavour symmetry, belonging to the series of non-abelian groups ∆(3 n2) and ∆(6 n2), and a CP symmetry. Breaking these symmetries in a non-trivial way results in the right-handed neutrinos being degenerate in mass up to possible (further symmetry-breaking) splittings κ and λ, while the neutrino Yukawa coupling matrix encodes the entire flavour structure in the neutrino sector. For a fixed combination of flavour and CP symmetry and residual groups, this matrix contains five real free parameters. Four of them are determined by the light neutrino mass spectrum and by accommodating experimental data on lepton mixing well, while the angle θR is related to right-handed neutrinos. We scrutinise for all four lepton mixing patterns, grouped into Case 1) through Case 3 b.1), the potential to generate the baryon asymmetry of the Universe through low-scale leptogenesis numerically and analytically. The main results are: a) the possible correlation of the baryon asymmetry and the Majorana phases, encoded in the Pontecorvo-Maki-Nakagawa-Sakata mixing matrix, in certain instances; b) the possibility to generate the correct amount of baryon asymmetry for vanishing splittings κ and λ among the right-handed neutrinos as well as for large κ, depending on the case and the specific choice of group theory parameters; c) the chance to produce sufficient baryon asymmetry for large active-sterile mixing angles, enabling direct experimental tests at current and future facilities, if θR is close to a special value, potentially protected by an enhanced residual symmetry. We elucidate these results with representative examples of flavour and CP symmetries, which all lead to a good agreement with the measured values of the lepton mixing angles and, possibly, the current indication of the CP phase δ. We identify the CP-violating combinations relevant for low-scale leptogenesis, and show that the parametric dependence of the baryon asymmetry found in the numerical study can be understood well with their help.