bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of ZnSO4 Fertilizer Application on Growth and Essential Oil Content of Green Betel Plant (Piper betle L.)
Authors: Suryawati Sinar , Laili Wahyu Nur , Murniyanto Eko 
Published: March 2022

Green betel (Piper bettle L.) is a medical plant that contains essential oil and is widely used as one of the key ingredients of traditional herbal called jamu. One of the particular micronutrients that play an important role in an enzyme activator is Zinc mineral (Zn). This research was aimed to discover the most effective doses of ZnSO4 fertilizer on growth parameters and essential oil production of green betel cultivated on red mediterranean soils in Bangkalan Madura, at ± 5 altitudes. This experiment was arranged as a single factor experiment in a completely randomized design with four replications. There were six levels of treatment namely Z0 (without ZnSO4), Z1(0,2 g/plant), Z2 (0.4 g/plant), Z3 (0.6/plant), Z4 (0.8 g/plant), Z5 (1 g/plant). Data collected from this experiment were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by Duncan multiple ranged test (DMRT) ?? 5%. The results showed that the application of ZnSO4 fertilizer significantly affects vine height, number of leaves, number of branches, number of nodes, plant total dry weight, and essential oil content. Doses 0.6 g/plant of ZnSO4 was the best treatment compared to other doses applied in this research which increased the essential production of green betel up to 36.6% (1.405% w/w) compared to the control (without ZnSO4 application).
In Silico Analysis of Sox2 Gene for Pluripotency Detection at Mouse Embryonic Fibroblast and induced Pluripotent Stem Cell (iPSC)
Authors: Naroeni Aroem , Seprianto Seprianto , Moda Kevin Febrianus 
Published: March 2022

Stem cells are cells that have not been specialized and have a specific characteristic compared to other cells. There are several transcription factors like Sox2, Oct4, c-Myc, and Nanog to maintain embryonic stem cells. In pluripotent stem cells, sex-determining region Y-box 2 (Sox2) is a critical transcriptional regulator, and for somatic cell reprogramming, which involves returning differentiated cells to a pluripotent embryonic state by reversing their epigenetic arrangement. This study aimed to design primers for detecting the Sox2 gene expressed in Mouse Embryonic Fibroblasts and induced Pluripotency Stem Cell as pluripotency detection in stem cell research. In silico analysis was carried out to detect ofx2gene by using several software such as BLAST to search sequence Sox2 gene from Homo sapiens and Mus musculus, Bioedit for sequence alignment, SnapGene for PCR in silico, and PrimerBlast for online primer design. Primer candidates successfully designed were then analyzed for their secondary structure using NetPrimer. The results showed that forward primer (5'- CTACAGCATGTCCTACTCGCA -3') and reverse primer (5'- ACTTGACCACAGAGCCCA -3') were selected primers for M. musculus. Also, forward primer (5’-CTACAGCATGTCCTACTCGCA-3') and reverse primer (5'- ACTT-GACCACCGAACCCA-3') for Homo sapiens. Detection by PCR in silico using templates from H. sapiens and M. musculus sequences showed that the primers could specifically amplify the Sox2 gene in each species. Nevertheless, laboratory experiments need to be carried out for preliminary validation that has been designed. These primers will be used to measure the gene expression of Sox2 in qRT-PCR to detect the stemness characteristic of stem cells.
Electrocardiographic Findings, Arrhythmias, and Left Ventricular Involvement in Familial ST-Depression Syndrome
Authors: Christensen Alex Hørby , Vissing Christoffer Rasmus , Pietersen Adrian , Tfelt-Hansen Jacob , Hartvig Lindkær Jensen Thomas , Pehrson Steen , Henriksen Finn Lund , Sandgaard Niels Christian Foldager , Iversen Kasper Karmark , Jensen Henrik Kjærulf , Olesen Morten Salling , Bundgaard Henning 
Published: March 2022

Background:
Familial ST-depression syndrome is an inherited disease characterized by persistent, nonischemic ST-deviations, and risk of arrhythmias and heart failure. We aimed at further characterizing the ECG, arrhythmias, and structural characteristics associated with this novel syndrome.

Methods:
Retrospective analysis of data from consecutive families with familial ST-depression Syndrome in Denmark. ECG features, prevalence and type of arrhythmias, occurrence of systolic dysfunction, and medium-term outcome were analyzed.

Results:

Forty affected individuals (43% men; mean age at diagnosis 49.1 years) from 14 apparently unrelated families with ≥2 affected members were included. Autosomal dominant inheritance was observed in all families. The ECG phenotype seemed to develop in prepuberty and the ST-deviations were persistent and most pronounced in leads V4/V5/II, respectively. Serial ECG analyses showed stable to slow progression of the ECG phenotype. Exercise accentuated the ST-deviations with a maximum difference between rest/stress (mean) of −117 μV in lead V5. During a mean follow-up of 9.3±7.1 years 5 (13%) patients developed sustained ventricular arrhythmias or (aborted) sudden cardiac death, 10 (25%) developed atrial fibrillation, 2 (5%) other supraventricular arrhythmias, and 10 (25%) were diagnosed with left ventricular ejection fraction ≤50%. The ventricular arrhythmias were polymorphic with relatively short-coupled premature ventricular contractions at onset (300–360 ms); no QT prolongation was observed. Seven patients had at least one catheter ablation; 5 for supraventricular arrhythmias and 2 for ventricular arrhythmias. Males experienced more arrhythmic end points than females (
P
<0.01).

Conclusions:
The familial ST-depression ECG phenotype is stable to slowly progressive after medium-term follow-up. Clinically, both supra- and ventricular arrhythmias are common; as are some degree of left ventricular systolic dysfunction. Familial ST-depression represent a novel inherited cause of polymorphic ventricular tachycardia.
Effect of Advection by Upper-Tropospheric Background Zonal Wind on MJO Phase Speed
Authors: Roundy Paul E. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
A robust linear regression algorithm is applied to estimate 95% confidence intervals on the background wind associated with Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) upper-tropospheric atmospheric circulation signals characterized by different phase speeds. Data reconstructed from the ERA5 to represent advection by the upper-tropospheric background flow and MJO-associated zonal wind anomalies, together with satellite outgoing longwave radiation anomalies, all in the equatorial plane, are regressed against advection data filtered for zonal wavenumber 2 and phase speeds of 3, 4, 5, and 7 m s−1. The regressed advection by the background flow is then divided by the negative of the zonal gradient of regressed zonal wind across the central Indian Ocean base longitude at 80°E to estimate the associated background wind that leads to the given advection. The median estimates of background wind associated with these phase speeds are 13.4, 11.2, 10.5, and 10.3 m s−1 easterly. The differences between estimated values at neighboring speeds suggests that advection acts most strongly in slow MJO events, indicating that the slowest events happen to be slow because they experience stronger easterly advection by the upper-tropospheric background wind.

Significance Statement
The Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) is the dominant subseasonal rainfall signal of the tropical atmosphere. This project shows that the background wind of the tropical atmosphere most especially slows down the slowest MJO events. Understanding what controls its speed might help scientists better predict events.
George Engel: A Personal Reminiscence
Authors: Singh Bruce S. 
Published: March 2022

Objective To provide a review of my personal exposure to the Medical Psychiatric (Medical Psy) Liaison Group in Rochester during the tenure of a National Health of Medical Reseach Council Travelling Fellowship in the Clinical Sciences from June 1975 to March 1977. Method A personal reminiscence and review of a number of papers by George Engel. Results The Medical Psy Liaison Group had been developed by George Engel in 1946. My experiences were coloured by the fact that Engel had recently stepped down as Head and tensions in the structure and function of the group were obvious. Conclusion My personal experience with Engel, the Medical Psy Liaison Group, Rochester psychiatry and my exposure to American psychiatry all had major influences on my subsequent career but perhaps not in a way that I might have expected when I went to Rochester.
New Jersey Pharmacists’ Perceptions on Performing COVID-19 Testing in Community Pharmacy Practice Sites
Authors: Brust-Sisti Lindsay A. , Armanious Mark E. , Ohlinger Kelly , Patel Jainaben , Lodhia Tanvi , Sturgill Marc G. , Volino Lucio R. 
Published: March 2022

Background Point of care testing (POCT) for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a major source of its control. On May 13, 2020, NJ pharmacists were authorized to order and perform COVID-19 testing, expanding their role in the response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate NJ pharmacists’ perceptions on the safety and potential consequences of performing COVID-19 testing within their community pharmacy practice sites. Methods: An electronic survey was distributed to NJ-registered pharmacists approximately 3 months after the administrative order was issued. Results: The survey was completed by 523 recipients (3.39% response rate) and responses from 311 NJ pharmacists practicing in community pharmacy were analyzed. The majority of respondents (83.8%) were not providing testing, while 16.2% were testing at the time of survey distribution. Most testing pharmacists were staff pharmacists with one to five years of experience, working in a pharmacy chain approximately 30-40 hours per week. Those not testing identified lack of a pharmacy drive-through, insufficient staff, and potential workflow disruption as reasons for not testing. Increased workload and fear of spreading the virus to others were concerns noted by both testers and non-testers. Conclusion: Overall, NJ pharmacists reported mixed perceptions regarding performing COVID-19 testing. Challenges and barriers to pharmacist COVID-19 testing, including inadequate staffing and space, and concerns about reimbursement and disruption to workflow were identified. Findings may serve as a guide to design and implement strategies to overcome barriers.
Side-to-Side Difference of Metatarsal Rotation in Normal Individuals
Authors: Duff Alexander , Tay Kae Sian , Najefi Ali-Asgar , Cullen Nicholas , Patel Shelain , Welck Matthew , Malhotra Karan 
Published: March 2022

Background: A previous study defined the normal first metatarsal pronation angle (MPA) as <16 degrees and normal α angle as <18 degrees. The primary purpose of this study was to assess the side-to-side variation in first metatarsal pronation between feet in normal individuals. Methods: MPA and α angles were measured on standardized coronal weightbearing computed tomography slices. Paired t tests were used to test significance of mean side-to-side differences in a population of 63 normal, asymptomatic individuals. Results: The mean side-to-side difference in first metatarsal pronation was 4.3 degrees (95% CI 3.3, 5.2 degrees) for MPA and 4.9 degrees (95% CI 3.8, 6.0 degrees) for α angle. The normative range for side-to-side difference was calculated as 12 degrees for MPA and 14 degrees for α angle, as defined by 2 SDs from the mean. Conclusion: In a cohort of normal patients, the mean difference in first metatarsal pronation between sides was approximately 4 to 5 degrees based on MPA and α angle. However, considerable variation in differences was observed. These findings may be considered when assessing first metatarsal pronation using population-based values as it may influence thresholds for identifying pathology in an individual.
Second-Hand Smoking Prevalence in Vietnamese Population Aged 15 and older: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Duc Tran Quang , Anh Le Thi Kim , Chi Vu Thi Quynh , Huong Nguyen Thi Thanh , Quang Phan Ngoc 
Published: March 2022

Background: Second-hand smoking (SHS) is associated with many health problems. However, its prevalence in the community population aged 15 years and older in Vietnam is unknown. Objectives: To quantify the prevalence of SHS in Vietnamese communities aged 15 and above. Methods: This is a meta-analysis that reviewed studies of the prevalence of SHS in Vietnam published in MEDLINE, Scopus, Pubmed and the WHO library database between 1 January 2010 and 31 December 2019. MedCalc was used to perform all the analyses, and publication bias was determined using funnel plots and Egger regression asymmetry tests. Q-test and I2 statistic were used to identify heterogeneity across studies. Results: There were 7 articles that met our inclusion criteria 2 surveys at the national level, 3 Cross-sectional studies and 2 Case-control studies) involving 184 921 participants. According to the meta-analysis, the overall random-effects pooled prevalence of SHS was 54.6% (95% CIs: 44.900-64.154) with a high level of heterogeneity ( P = .0001, Q = 2245.60, I2 = 99.73%). It is noteworthy that the pooled prevalence of SHS rose throughout the course of the survey years. Our research found no evidence of publication bias. Conclusions: Vietnam has ratified the implementation the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) in 2004, there are still a large number of people who are adversely impacted by SHS. Given the tremendous cost that SHS imposes on health systems, our results underscore the critical need for the Vietnamese government to expedite an implementation of a set of stronger tobacco control practices, thus reducing the incidence of smoking-related illnesses and fatalities.
Novel energy absorbent composites for crashworthiness applications
Authors: Abd El-baky Marwa A , Hegazy Dalia A , Hassan Mohamad A 
Published: March 2022

Glass reinforced epoxy composite tubes filled with 1, 2, 3, and 4 wt. % of HNC, MC, Al2O3, SiO2, and SiC nanofillers were fabricated using wet-wrapping process by hand lay-up and tested under quasi-static axial loadings. Crashworthiness parameters and failure modes were recorded. Results indicated that EAC and the specimens’ failure modes are dominated by the type and wt. % of the embedded nanofillers. As compared to pristine glass/epoxy tubes, an enhancement of 230.42, 243.30, 286.43, and 336.12% in the absorbed energy ( U) was attained by the addition of 1, 2, 3, and 4 wt. % of HNC, respectively. An improvement of 21.93, 87.35, 225.99, and 318.07% in U was achieved by the inclusion of 1, 2, 3, and 4 wt. % of MC, respectively. An enhancement of 17.66, 51.63, and 71.94% in U was reported by the integration of 1, 2, and 3% of nano-Al2O3. Whilst a reduction of 31.16% was noticed for 4 wt. % of nano-Al2O3. The incorporation of nano-SiO2 and nano-SiC exhibits a reduction in U of the fabricated tubes. Composites filled with 4 wt. % of HNC has the highest load carrying capacity and EAC of 32.75 kN and 1110.84 J, respectively. So, they seem to be the best appropriate choice for energy absorbing elements. Glass/epoxy composite tubes filled with HNC, MC, and Al2O3 show outstanding energy absorption characteristics. However, specimens filled with SiO2 and SiC nanofillers are ineffective in the crashworthiness applications.
Complications Following Endoscopic and Open Trigger Finger Release: A Retrospective Comparative Study
Authors: Mirza Ather , Mirza Justin , Thomas Terence L. , Zappia Luke , Abulencia Jacob 
Published: March 2022

Background: Open trigger finger release (OTFR) and endoscopic trigger finger release (ETFR) are effective methods in treating stenosing tenosynovitis. However, a paucity of literature exists comparing the techniques. This study describes and compares postoperative complications following OTFR and ETFR at a single institution. Methods: Patients undergoing trigger finger release between 2018 and 2020 within a single institution were identified. Electronic medical records were reviewed for patient demographics, surgical history, surgical characteristics, and clinical outcomes. Major and minor postoperative complications were assessed. Secondary outcome measures included tourniquet time and procedure time. Statistical analysis evaluated associations between postoperative complications, surgical technique, patient demographics, and surgical characteristics. Results: In total, 57 patients (80 digits) were included in the study: 42 digits treated with OTFR and 38 digits treated with ETFR. Mean follow-up time was 57.6 ± 69.0 days (range, 7-307 days) for ETFR and 34.2 ± 26.3 days (range, 6-120 days) for OTFR. Overall, major, and minor complication rates for the cohort were 8.8%, 1.8% and 7.0%, respectively. There were no major complications following ETFR and 1 following OTFR (4%), the isolated case being postoperative Chronic regional pain syndrome. Minor complication rates were similar following OTFR (8%) and ETFR (6%). Persistent digit stiffness and swelling were found to be the most prevalent minor complications (n = 2, respectively), followed by wound dehiscence (n = 1). Female patients were significantly more likely to experience postoperative complications. Conclusions: Major complications following trigger finger release are unlikely; however, minor complications are prominent. Patients treated with OTFR and ETFR showed similar postoperative complication rates. Continued investigations into the benefits of ETFR are warranted.
An institutional report of heparin induced thrombocytopenia type II in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage patients
Authors: Li Boyi , Sursal Tolga , Martinez Erick , Karimov Zafar , Feldstein Eric , Stein Alan , Cooper Jared , Hosein-Woodley Rasheed , Liu Aiden , McIntyre Matthew , Bowers Christian , Hanft Simon , Hafeez Zeeshan , Pisapia Jared , Muh Carrie , Tyagi Rachana , Mayer Stephan A. , Gandhi Chirag D. , Al-Mufti Fawaz 
Published: March 2022

Background Heparin induced thrombocytopenia Type II (HIT-II) is a dangerous thromboembolic complication of heparin therapy. The current literature on incidence and outcomes of HIT-II in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) patients remains sparse. Objective We report our institution's incidence and outcomes of HIT-II in aSAH patients. Methods We performed a retrospective cohort study at an academic medical center between June 2014 and July 2018. All patients had aSAH confirmed by digital subtraction angiography. Diagnosis of HIT-II was determined by positive results on both heparin PF4-platelet antibody ELISA (anti-PF4) and serotonin release assay (SRA). Results 204 patients met inclusion criteria. Seven patients (7/204, 3.5%) underwent laboratory testing, three of whom met clinical criteria. HIT-II incidence was confirmed in two of these seven patients (2/204, 0.98%), who had high BMI and T4 scores. Conclusion Our institution's report of HIT-II incidence in aSAH patients is lower than previously reported in this population and more closely parallels HIT-II incidence in the general and surgical ICU setting. Widely-accepted American College of Chest Physicians (ACCP) clinical diagnostic criteria in conjunction with anti-PF4 and SRA testing is the gold standard of clinical diagnosis of HIT-II in aSAH patients.
Single-course bleomycin, etoposide, and cisplatin (1xBEP) as adjuvant treatment in testicular nonseminoma clinical stage 1: outcome, safety, and risk factors for relapse in a population-based study
Authors: Dieckmann Klaus-Peter , Pokrivcak Tomas , Geczi Lajos , Niehaus David , Dralle-Filiz Inken , Matthies Cord , Dienes Tamas , Zschäbitz Stefanie , Paffenholz Pia , Gschliesser Tanja , Pichler Renate , Mego Michal , Bader Pia , Zengerling Friedemann , Heinzelbecker Julia , Krausewitz Philipp , Krege Susanne , Aurilio Gaetano , Aksoy Cem , Hentrich Marcus , Seidel Christoph , Törzsök Péter , Nestler Tim , Majewski Matthaeus , Hiester Andreas , Buchler Tomas , Vallet Sonia , Studentova Hana , Schönburg Sandra , Niedersüß-Beke Dora , Ring Julia , Trenti Emanuela , Heidenreich Axel , Wülfing Christian , Isbarn Hendrik , Pichlmeier Uwe , Pichler Martin 
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Clinical stage 1 (CS1) nonseminomatous (NS) germ cell tumors involve a 30% probability of relapse upon surveillance. Adjuvant chemotherapy with one course of bleomycin, etoposide, and cisplatin (1xBEP) can reduce this risk to <5%. However, 1xBEP results are based solely on five controlled trials from high-volume centers. We analyzed the outcome in a real-life population. Patients and Methods: In a multicentric international study, 423 NS CS1 patients receiving 1xBEP were retrospectively evaluated. Median follow-up was 37 (range, 6–89) months. Primary end points were relapse-free and overall survival evaluated after 5 years. We also looked at associations of relapse with clinico-pathological factors using stratified Kaplan–Meier methods and Cox regression models. Treatment modality and outcome of recurrences were analyzed descriptively. Results: The 5-year relapse-free survival rate was 96.2%. Thirteen patients (3.1%; 95% confidence interval, 1.65–5.04%) relapsed after a median time of 13 months, of which 10 were salvaged (77%). Relapses were mostly confined to retroperitoneal nodes. Three patients succumbed, two to disease progression and one to toxicity of chemotherapy. Pathological stage >pT2 was significantly associated with relapse rate. Conclusion: The relapse rate of 3.1% found in this population of NS CS1 patients treated with 1xBEP at the routine care level was not inferior to the median rate of 2.3% reported from a meta-analysis of controlled trials. Also, the cure rate of relapses of 77% is consistent with the previously reported rate of 80%. This study clearly shows that the 1xBEP regimen represents a safe treatment for NS CS1 patients.