bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Body examinations of underage children committing crime - A Swedish perspective
Authors: Nordlöf Kerstin 
Published: January 2022

The enforcement of a sentence requires that, at the time of the crime, the suspect has reached the age of criminal responsibility according to the Swedish Criminal Code (SFS 1962:700) as well as the Conventions on the Rights of the Child and also implicit in other international agreements. Similarly, until 2017, the Swedish Young Offenders Special Provisions Act (SFS 1964:167) required that for the use of coercive measures, a person who was on reasonable grounds suspected of a crime which might lead to a prison sentence had to have reached the age of criminal responsibility. The requirements for a body examination were extended at the time in the Swedish Code of Judicial Procedure (SFS 1942:740) to also include situations where there is an uncertainty concerning the suspect’s age. The extension regarding body examinations was a consequence of the aftermath of the refugee crisis of 2015. Uncertainty concerning the age of a person seeking asylum had led to discussions on what methods to use in order to determine a person’s age. The issue was also raised in criminal cases where the age of a suspect was unclear and concerned, more precisely, the burden of proof regarding the age of a suspect and the legal grounds for a body examination when estimating a suspect’s age. In this article I will with reference to the fundamental principles of proportionality, predictability, equal treatment and consistency scrutinize the legal grounds for a body examination when there is an uncertainty concerning age and the suspect claims to be under the age of criminal responsibility in relation to Article 3 of the Convention on the Rights of the Child that states that ‘the best interests of the child shall be…’ and similarly in Article 24:2 of the European Charter of Fundamental Rights ‘the child’s best interests must be a primary consideration’. Furthermore, I will explore what impact the practice of a body examination in those specific situations may have from a gender and diversity perspective. At the extension of the requirement of the legal grounds for a body examination in 2017, the child’s best interests were not taken into consideration. From a gender and diversity perspective, this extension implies the preservation of a prevailing structure that men with a foreign background commit more crimes than men and women born in Sweden.
I, a Ngwazla
Authors: Elie Wouleo Kazla 
Published: January 2022

“I, a Ngwazala” is a cross-examination of the Ngwazla caste of Mafa society. It gives valuable insight into the lives of blacksmiths and how their culture is currently exposed to rapid transformation. This documentary presents Zayadai our key character who although trained as a blacksmith by his father, was able to study. And on the death of his father, he abandoned his studies to practice the profession of blacksmith, a profession passed down from father to son. Helped by his three young brothers, he exercises his art in order to meet the demand of the inhabitants of Djinglia Kongoche and by extension to meet the needs of his wife, his mother and his 11 brothers. Thus it gives access to important transformation processes in the Mafa society. Although the old strict separation of the Ngwazla is still present, but the increased contacts with the outside world and the influences of locally established institutions, such as the modern school system, Christian mission and Islam, are revealing new identities of Ngwazla . The Ngwazla are proud of their identity and are trying to reshape it in line with the rapid societal transformation underway.
We are Together
Authors: Varroni Ascanio 
Published: January 2022

Jean Louis, a Central African living in the Cameroonian city of Ngaoundéré, is in search for a better life condition for him and his family. Ascanio is an Italian studying abroad, who is working to become a visual anthropologist. What will come out from this encounter, when they are both striving to achieve their aims?
The film is a reflexive account on how the object of the research, patron-client relations – so the practice of establishing relationships based on trust and mutual solidarity with more resourceful persons -, became impossible to disentangle from the researcher’s identity and subjective experience, once this was put into the same dynamics of togetherness that he was studying.
To mestere og autoriteter om dialog i profesjonsveiledning
Authors: Skagen Kaare 
Published: January 2022

Dette essayet diskuterer bildet av de to mesterne Sokrates og Kierkegaard i veiledningstradisjoner basert på faglitteratur som empirisk materiale. Hensikten er å begrunne en utvidet forståelse av Sokrates’ dialogbegrep og Kierkegaards begrep om «hjelpekunst». I tradisjonen møter vi den undrende Sokrates som på likefot med sine samtalepartnere vennlig spaserer rundt i kunnskapens rike, og som utøver sitt mesterskap i spørrekunst for at andre skal oppdage nye sider ved egen kunnskap. De historiske kildene gir likevel motsetningsfylt og sammensatt bilde av Sokrates, for han kunne også være nådeløs i sine kryssforhør, og skape både venner og fiender. Sokrates har blitt knyttet til en tilbakeholdende veilederrolle og et konstruktivistisk kunnskapssyn. Et mer realistisk bilde av hans virksomhet og idéer avdekker en langt mer allsidig veilederpraksis.
Kierkegaards populære begrep «hjelpekunst» er i veiledningstradisjoner blitt assosiert med veiledning preget av empati og tilbakeholdenhet av synspunkter og meninger. Empatien hos Kierkegaard kunne også være strategisk i forbindelse med et ønske om å bringe den som mottok veiledning over til Kierkegaards egen livssynsposisjon.
Et mer sammensatt bilde av de to autoritetene kan åpne opp for en mer nyansert og allsidig veiledning der en direkte og tydelig tilnærming også får sin plass. Metodologi og tilnærming i artikkelen er hermeneutisk, og bygger på nærlesning av tekster. Artikkelens formål er å rekonstruere og gjennomføre en kritisk drøfting for å gjøre forståelsen av idéene mer allsidig.
About methods of opening the brain
Authors: Pozharisky I. F. 
Published: January 2022

(Second trial lecture given at a meeting of the Faculty of Medicine (17.XII.07), for the competition of a private docent).
'The individuality of the case' says Virchow, 'should determine the method of dissection'. But, he continues, the rule cannot be sacrificed to various evasions, and the opener can afford to change the usual cuts in some way only when it is fully justified. These provisions are of great importance, both for the whole doctrine of the opening of the organs of the body in general, and for the section of the brain in particular. On the one hand, it is extremely important to have strictly worked out methods that would make it possible to examine organs in perfect order with the least danger of spoiling or destroying any interesting preparation. On the other hand, precisely for the sake of the greatest demonstrativeness, it is sometimes necessary to impose cuts in the wrong directions in which this is usually done.
Paul Flechsig. Remarks on the auditory centers of the human brain. Neurologisches Central-blatt 1908—Nos. 1 and 2
Authors: Veselitsky I. A. 
Published: January 2022

(The article was the subject of a report read in the Society of Middle German Psychiatrists and Neurologists on October 26, 1907).
Carl Wernike, on the basis of clinical observations, drew a generally accepted, well-known conclusion about the close relationship of the first temporal gyrus with the auditory sphere. Despite the fact that this area is named after him, Wernike himself was far from the idea of attributing all auditory functions exclusively to this gyrus (as the only center) and was rather inclined to think that all the external temporal gyrus are somewhat interested in this respect. This idea is also supported by Munk and Monakow. From the very beginning, the author has kept aloof on this issue and defends somewhat different views that disagree with the generally accepted ones.
Chronicle of the Society of Neurologists and Psychiatrists at the Imperial Kazan University for 1907-1908
Authors: Bekhterev V. M. , Ostankov P. A. 
Published: January 2022

Debate on the report of Dr. A. V. Favorsky: on the issue of lumbar puncture in nervous diseases.
Prof. V. P. Osipov demonstrated the Kroenig device, which he used in Munk's laboratory, while working on a lumbar puncture; With the help of a simple device, the researcher can several times during the puncture examine the pressure of the fluid and thereby obtain important and comparatively accurate data on pressure, which the speaker could not obtain.
Revisión conceptual de sistemas de recomendación y geolocalización aplicados a la seguridad turística
Authors: Barliza Andrés David Solano 
Published: January 2022

Introducción: El uso de tecnologías aporta a la solución de problemas reales y permite generar nuevas oportunidades para potenciar productos o servicios en diferentes sectores, y uno de ellos es el turismo. En el turismo se hace necesario diseñar soluciones tecnológicas en el área de la seguridad turística, elemento diferencial que genera competitividad de los destinos turísticos.
Objetivo: Presentar una revisión conceptual y de casos de estudio de sistemas de recomendación y geolocalización aplicados a la seguridad turística.
Método: Para documentar el artículo se utilizó una metodología de tipo conceptual -descriptiva, a través de la exploración de fuentes de información almacenas en las principales bases de datos científicas.
Resultados: Se encontró en la revisión conceptual que, si bien existen desarrollos de sistemas de recomendación y geolocalización aplicados al ámbito de turismo, muchos de ellos no están enfocados a la seguridad turística, por lo que se hace relevante diseñar una propuesta innovadora con tecnologías de la información y comunicación- TIC, para generar ambientes seguros y que contribuya a un tratamiento diferencial a los turistas en el lugar de destino donde se realiza la actividad turística.
Conclusiones: La hibridación tecnológica entre los sistemas de recomendación y geolocalización podría ser una alternativa valiosa para desarrollar una solución innovadora que permita atender y fortalecer la seguridad turista.
Evaluating clinical outcomes associated with ectopic pregnancies
Authors: Banotra Palvi , Rashid Adil 
Published: January 2022

Background: Ectopic pregnancy refers to the implantation of a fertilized ovum outside the endometrium. There is no doubt that ectopic pregnancy is a common cause of morbidity; however, the associated mortality has declined significantly over the years due to early diagnosis and timely intervention.Methods: This prospective study was conducted at Lala Ded Hospital, Srinagar from April 2016-March 2017. All the patients with ectopic pregnancies admitted through accident and emergency unit and through gynaecoloy out-patient department were included in the study. The data on several factors was analyzed like; parity, clinical presentation, risk factors, management and findings at laparotomy, to draw a valid inference. All the patients were managed as per hospital protocol and followed till discharge from the hospital. Results: The present study revealed that the commonest age group affected with ectopic pregnancies is 20-24 years with majority of patients having previous spontaneous abortion as being high risk factor associated with ectopic pregnancies followed by pelvic inflammatory disease. The most dominant clinical presentation among the study subjects was pain and the commonest site of ectopic pregnancy was ampulla region of fallopian tube. Most of the patients were successfully managed with the help of salpingectomyConclusions: We suggest that the possibility of ectopic pregnancies should not be ignored in the reproductive age group especially in patients presenting with severe abdominal pain because delayed diagnosis often halts timely intervention which in turn invite serious health consequences.
Didática freiriana dos professores nos cursos de licenciatura de uma universidade comunitária
Authors: Pizzinatto Carolayne Paulina , Dickmann Ivo 
Published: January 2022

O presente artigo revela, a partir das falas dos professores dos cursos de licenciatura de uma universidade comunitária, na região sul do Brasil, a aderência de sua práxis pedagógica à didática freiriana. A base epistêmico-metodológica da pesquisa é a didática freiriana e as falas dos professores foram interpretadas a partir da análise de conteúdo. Os resultados apontam para uma identidade da práxis dos professores entrevistados com a didática freiriana, embora muitas vezes de forma não intencional, mas sempre conectando práticas críticas às suas ações pedagógicas freirianas. Conclui-se o estudo com considerações indicativas para a formação de professores na perspectiva da didática freiriana, tendo como base o diálogo, a pausa pedagógica, o contexto concreto das práticas e novas relações educador-educando.THE FREIREAN DIDACTICS OF PROFESSORS IN THE LICENTIATE DEGREE COURSES OF A COMMUNITY UNIVERSITYThis article reveals, from professors’ speeches of the licentiate degree courses at a community university, in the southern region of Brazil, the adherence of their pedagogical praxis to Freirean didactics. The epistemic-methodological basis of the research is the Freirean didactics and the professors’ speeches were interpreted from the content analysis. The results point to a praxis identity of the professors interviewed with Freirean didactics, although often unintentionally, but always connecting critical practices to their Freirean pedagogical actions. The study is concluded with indicative considerations for the professor training from the Freirean didactics’ perspective, based on dialogue, pedagogical pause, the concrete context of practices and new educator-student relationships.KEYWORDS: Freirean didactics; Licentiate Degree; Professor training; Paulo Freire. DIDÁCTICA FREIRINA DE LOS MAESTROS EN LOS CURSOS DE GRADUACIÓN EN UNA UNIVERSIDAD COMUNITARIAEste artículo revela, a partir de los discursos de los maestros de los cursos de graduación en una universidad comunitaria, en la región sur de Brasil, la adhesión de su praxis pedagógica a la didáctica freiriana. La base epistémica-metodológica de la investigación es la didáctica freiriana y los discursos de los profesores se interpretaron a partir del análisis de contenido. Los resultados apuntan a una identidad de la praxis de los maestros entrevistados con la didáctica freiriana, aunque a menudo de manera no intencional, pero siempre conectando prácticas críticas con sus acciones pedagógicas freirianas. El estudio concluye con consideraciones indicativas para la formación del profesorado desde la perspectiva de la didáctica freiriana, basada en el diálogo, la pausa pedagógica, el contexto concreto de las prácticas y las nuevas relaciones educador-alumno.PALABRAS CLAVE: Didáctica freiriana; Graduación; Formación de maestros; Paulo Freire.
Semiotics with Style and Situation: Multi-modal Comparative Analysis of Title pages of Native and Non-native English Novels
Authors: Singh Manvender Kaur Sarjit , Shah Muhammad Imran , Jamil Eram , Feroz Rabia 
Published: January 2022

The communicative function of text can be obtained through the multimodal analysis of the text which contains the interaction and integration of two or more semiotic resources, graphics and text. This study investigated the structure of the titles and graphics of the title pages along with the situation of the content of native and non-native title pages of English novels of modern age. 20 title pages including 10 modern native and non-native English novels are randomly selected from the Google search engine. Multimodal analysis including Jeffries (2016) model to analyse the structure of the text of the title pages, Davy (2013) model to analyse the graphical features of the title pages and Bernstein (2003) to investigate the situational features presented in the title pages of the novels have been followed. A bench mark technique was used to identify the graphics of title pages, structure of the title phrases and situation presented in the title pages. The results generated from qualitative analysis indicated that mostly the native authors observed all of the features mentioned by the great linguists, stylitions and graphic experts while selecting the design of title pages whereas, non-native authors and publisher have not kept these features in mind while selecting the contents of title page of their composition. It causes lack of readership as the readers cannot extract maximum information from the title page. The study has opened new dimensions to the new researchers and it also beneficial for the authors and publisher in the selection of the title pages.Key words: Semiotics, Graphics, Situation, Text, Title-page
FILOSOFI HUMOR DAKWAH
Authors: Fahriansyah Fahriansyah 
Published: January 2022

The phenomenon of the use of Humor in Da'wah Bil Lisan is a sign that the attraction of da'wah objects to the exposure of oral offerings in da'wah is influenced by the presence of humorous insertions in each Dakwah Bil Lisan ( Da'wah Oral ) , but in reality the use of humor in Da'wah Bil Lisan has a very high level of complexity due to the ability of lecturers in producing very limited humorous offerings which are limited by the existence of values that must be brought as a manifestation of the purpose of Da'wah Islamiyah. Therefore, a philosophical understanding of humor is needed because of the harmony between the purpose of da'wah and the purpose of humor presented in lectures (Da'wah Bil Lisan ).
Jokowi dan Kekuatan Pencitraan Diri Serta Relasinya Dengan Umat Islam
Authors: Fitri Alifa Nur , Adeni Adeni - 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis article aims to discuss the image formation carried out by Jokowi in his political communication. Jokowi is a politician who was elected president for two terms. This paper uses the impression formation and impression management perspectives to analyze Jokowi's self-image construction. Using qualitative methods, this article proves that Jokowi succeeded in building his image as a humble, modest and modest leader figure. On the other hand Jokowi's image is reinforced by the impression of his closeness to Muslims. This he did in the context of himself which is often imaged as anti-Islamic. Keywords: Impression Formation, Impression Managament, Jokowi. AbstrakArtikel ini bertujuan membahas tentang pembentukan citra diri yang dilakukan oleh Jokowi dalam komunikasi politiknya. Jokowi merupakan seorang politisi yang terpilih menjadi presiden selama dua periode. Makalah ini menggunakan perspektif impression formation dan impression management untuk menganalisis konstruksi citra diri oleh Jokowi. Dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif, artikel ini membuktikan bahwa Jokowi berhasil membangun citra dirinya sebagai figur pemimpin yang rendah hati, sederhana dan tidak berlebihan. Di sisi lain citra Jokowi diperkuat dengan kesan kedekatannya dengan umat Islam. Hal ini ia lakukan dalam konteks dirinya yang sering dicitrakan sebagai anti-Islam. Kata Kunci: Impression Formation, Impression Managament, Jokowi.
Assessment of importance of YKL-40 protein as biomarker in colorectal cancer and its relation to selected clinical and pathological parameters
Authors: Nadbrzeżna-Barczyk Dorota , Waniczek Dariusz , Świętochowska Elżbieta , Nowakowska-Zajdel Ewa , Copija Angelika , Raźnikiewicz Aleksandra , Rykaczewska-Czerwińska Monika , Lorenc Zbigniew 
Published: January 2022

WstępRak jelita grubego (<i>colorectal cancer</i> – CRC) jest jednym z najczęstszych nowotworów na świecie – odpowiada za 10% rocznej globalnej zapadalności na raka. Przez długi czas może pozostać bezobjawowy i mimo postępu medycyny zbyt często zostaje zdiagnozowany za późno. Białko YKL-40 jest czynnikiem wzrostu stymulującym migrację komórek śródbłonka, odgrywającym rolę w stanach zapalnych oraz nowotworowych. Celem pracy była ocena znaczenia YKL-40 jako biomarkera w CRC oraz określenie powiązań stężeń YKL-40 w surowicy u chorych na CRC z wybranymi parametrami kliniczno-patologicznymi.Materiał i metodyW badaniu prospektywnym, obejmującym 133 osoby powyżej 50 roku życia, oznaczono stężenie białka YKL-40 w surowicy metodą ELISA. Pacjentów podzielono na dwie grupy: 91 osób chorujących na CRC oraz 42 osoby zdrowe. W analizie statystycznej wykorzystano testy t-Studenta dla danych niezależnych, U Manna-Whitneya i regresję logistyczną.WynikiStężenie YKL-40 w surowicy było znacznie wyższe u chorych na CRC (163 ± 36 μg/l) niż u osób zdrowych (54 ± 20 μg/l; p < 0,0001). U osób z CRC nie wykazano zależności między parametrami klinicznymi, tj. płcią, wiekiem i wskaźnikiem masy ciała (<i>body mass index</i> – BMI), a stężeniem białka YKL-40 w surowicy. U chorych z CRC stężenie YKL-40 w surowicy statystycznie istotnie różniło się we wczesnym i średniozaawansowanym stadium nowotworowym.WnioskiBiałko YKL-40 wydaje się obiecującym biomarkerem CRC. Jego stężenie w surowicy jest skorelowane ze stopniem zaawansowania nowotworu zależnie od głębokości nacieku w stosunku do błony podśluzowej i może być czynnikiem rokowniczo niepomyślnym dla tego nowotworu.