bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Statistical assessment of COVID-19 lockdowns on ambient air quality, Himachal Pradesh and learnings for implementing clean technologies: insight from industrial town, India
Authors: Sharma Puneet , Ghosh Arpita , Patra Pradipta 
Published: September 2022

PurposeThe current study investigates the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) lockdown restrictions on air quality in an industrial town in Himachal Pradesh (HP) (India) and recommends policies and strategies for mitigating air pollution.Design/methodology/approachThe air quality parameters under study are particulate matter10 (PM10), PM2.5, SO2 and NO2. One-way ANOVA with post-hoc analysis and non-parametric Kruskal–Wallis test, and multiple linear regression analysis are used to validate the data analysis results.FindingsThe findings indicate that the lockdown and post-lockdown periods affected pollutant levels even after considering the meteorological conditions. Except for SO2, all other air quality parameters dropped significantly throughout the lockdown period. Further, the industrial and transportation sectors are the primary sources of air pollution in Paonta Sahib.Research limitations/implicationsFuture research should include other industrial locations in the state to understand the relationship between regional air pollution levels and climate change. The findings of this study may add to the discussion on the role of adopting clean technologies and also provide directions for future research on improving air quality in the emerging industrial towns in India.Originality/valueVery few studies have examined how the pandemic-induced lockdowns impacted air pollution levels in emerging industrial towns in India while also considering the confounding meteorological factors.Graphical abstract
A novel model on nonlocal thermoelastic rotating porous medium with memory-dependent derivative
Authors: Said Samia M. , Othman Mohamed I.A. , Eldemerdash Mohamed G. 
Published: September 2022

PurposeIn the present article, the three-phase-lag (3PHL) model and the Green-Naghdi theory of types II, III with memory-dependent derivative is used to study the effect of rotation on a nonlocal porous thermoelastic medium.Design/methodology/approachIn this study normal mode analysis is used to obtain analytical expressions of the physical quantities. The numerical results are given and presented graphically when mechanical force is applied.FindingsThe model is illustrated in the context of the Green-Naghdi theory of types II, III and the three-phase lags model. Expressions for the physical quantities are solved by using the normal mode analysis and represented graphically.Originality/valueComparisons are made with the results predicted in the absence and presence of the rotation as well as a nonlocal parameter. Also, the comparisons are made with the results of the 3PHL model for different values of time delay.
Modelling apartments values in the Nairobi metropolitan area, Kenya
Authors: Museleku Erastus Kiita 
Published: September 2022

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to determine the most significant factors influencing apartment values in Nairobi Metropolitan Area (NMA), Kenya and develop a valuation model using the identified variables. The paper is thus promoting the adoption of advanced, more reliable and accurate valuation methods in developing economies such as Kenya. Therefore, the paper demonstrates the potential of the hedonic pricing method (HPM) in property valuation by making objective adjustments to comparable sales data.Design/methodology/approachThe paper utilizes a case study design by analysing recent (January 2020 to December 2021) apartment sales and apartment attributes in NMA. A sample size of 264 transactions was analysed using the HPM.FindingsThe study identified six significant factors affecting apartment values in the study area: apartment size, location, floor finishes, provision of shopping facilities, swimming pool and gym. A valuation model has been developed using the six variables.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper is contributing to the ongoing global debate on the accuracy, reliability and validity of property valuations with particular emphasis on the developing economies to adopt the more accurate, efficient and reliable valuation approaches.Practical implicationsThe findings are useful to property valuers and estate managers in determining the most statistically significant attributes affecting apartment values in the NMA hence enabling them to offer informed professional advice. However, the findings of the study are limited to the study area since real estate is heterogeneous.Social implicationsProperty investors, financiers and other stakeholders in the society will benefit from the findings of this study in their decision-making process. Additionally, wide adoption of the more reliable and accurate valuation approaches would foster public confidence in valuation and estate management professional services leading to enhanced consumption of these services by the society and promoting public care.Originality/valueThe paper is promoting valuation accuracy, efficiency and reliability in the developing economies by advocating for advanced valuation methods. It is the first attempt to develop a valuation model for apartments in the NMA, the capital city of Kenya and the business hub of East and Central Africa.
Reconciling field-level logics and management control practices in research management at Austrian public universities
Authors: Frei Judith , Greiling Dorothea , Schmidthuber Judith 
Published: September 2022

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore how Austrian public universities (APUs) respond to the challenge of maintaining academic freedom while complying with legal requirements and enhancing competitiveness by using Management Control Systems (MCSs). Specifically, it examines how APUs respond to the co-presence of academic, government and business logic.

Design/Methodology/Approach
The perspective of institutional logics as a theoretical lens and the framework of MCSs by Malmi and Brown (2008) serve to analyse how APUs respond to the existence of different institutional field-level logics. In-depth expert interviews from the perspective of APUs’ research management are conducted to identify the applied management control practices (MCPs) and APUs’ responses to the different institutional field-level logics.

Findings
This study identifies how academic, government and business logic are represented in field-level-specific MCPs and field-level-specific corresponding narratives. Reflecting upon APUs’ responses to the co-existence of academic and government logic, compliance or rather, selective coupling with government logic or decoupling from government logic became obvious.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study at higher education institutions representing academic, government and business logic in the applied MCPs in research management. The study reveals that APUs have developed specific responses and narratives regarding the existence of different institutional field-level logics.
Pigment molecular composition reveals significant information for visual communication
Authors: Galván Ismael 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Melanins are the most common pigments in vertebrates and, as such, fufill multiple adaptive functions, including honest signalling. This is the case of male pied flycatchers Ficedula hypoleuca, whose dorsal plumage, composed of black and grey feathers pigmented by eumelanin, is sexually selected by females regarding the proportion of black.

However, the basis of such mating preferences and other associations with life‐history traits are unknown.

Here, I take the advantage of recent advances in Raman spectroscopy analysis to investigate the monomeric composition of eumelanin, constituted by 5,6‐dihydroxyindole (DHI) and 5,6‐dihydroxyindole‐2‐carboxylic acid (DHICA) subunits, in male pied flycatchers.

I found that plumage blackness (percentage of dorsal black feathers) increases with the DHICA:DHI ratio of the constituent black freathers, but not with that of grey feathers. The repeatability of DHICA:DHI measurements in black feathers is two times that in grey feathers.

Eumelanin chemistry may thus constitute the basis of signal honesty in pied flycatchers, as females preferentially mate with males with higher relative DHICA feather contents and this may be related to the lower pro‐oxidant effect of DHICA. Given the the ubiquitous nature of melanin‐based pigmentation phenotypes, the monomeric composition of eumelanin should therefore be considered, instead of eumelanin as a whole, for a better understanding of how and why phenotypes are linked to life‐history traits in animals.

Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
Impact of access to electricity on internal conflicts in Africa: Does income inequality matter?
Authors: Ongo Nkoa Bruno Emmanuel , Tekam Oumbé Honoré , Ngnouwal Eloundou Georges , Asngar Mamadou Thierry 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis paper examines the impact of access to electricity on internal conflicts in Africa. Using income inequality as a transition variable and a sample of 36 countries, we estimate a panel data model by several regressions, including fixed effects, random effects, generalized least squares and the Driscoll–Kraay method from 1990 to 2017. Our findings show that regardless of the considered dimension, access to electricity reduces the risk of internal conflicts in Africa. However, its effects differ depending on whether a given area is urban or rural. The findings also suggest that income inequality is crucial to reducing internal conflicts in Africa.
Land use and dingo baiting are correlated with the density of kangaroos in rangeland systems
Authors: DAWSON Stuart J. , KREPLINS Tracey L. , KENNEDY Malcolm S. , RENWICK Juanita , COWAN Mark A. , FLEMING Patricia A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractRangelands worldwide have been subject to broadscale modification, such as widespread predator control, introduction of permanent livestock water and altered vegetation to improve grazing. In Australia, these landscape changes have resulted in kangaroos (i.e. large macropods) populations increasing over the past 200 years. Kangaroos are a key contributor to total grazing pressure and in conjunction with livestock and feral herbivores have been linked to land degradation. We used 22 years of aerial survey data to investigate whether the density of 3 macropod species in the southern rangelands of Western Australia was associated with: (i) land use, including type of livestock, total livestock, density of feral goats, type of land tenure, and kangaroo commercial harvest effort; (ii) predator management, including permitted dingo control effort, estimated dingo abundance, and presence of the State Barrier Fence (a dingo exclusion fence); and (iii) environmental variables: ruggedness, rainfall, fractional cover, and total standing dry matter. Red kangaroos (Osphranter rufus) were most abundant in flat, open vegetation, on pastoral land, where area permitted for dingo control was high, and numbers were positively associated with antecedent rainfall with a 12‐month delay. Western grey kangaroos (Macropus fuliginosus) were most abundant on flat, agricultural land, but less abundant in areas with high permitted dingo control. Euros (Osphranter robustus) were most abundant in rugged pastoral land with open vegetation, where permitted dingo control was high. While environmental variables are key drivers of landscape productivity and kangaroo populations, anthropogenic factors such as land use and permitted dingo control are strongly associated with kangaroo abundance.
Binge and high‐intensity drinking—Associations with intravenous alcohol self‐administration and underlying risk factors
Authors: Plawecki Martin H. , Boes Julian , Wetherill Leah , Kosobud Ann E. K. , Stangl Bethany L. , Ramchandani Vijay A. , Zimmermann Ulrich S. , Nurnberger John I. , Schuckit Marc , Edenberg Howard J. , Pandey Gayathri , Kamarajan Chella , Porjesz Bernice , Foroud Tatiana , O'Connor Sean 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSome styles of alcohol consumption are riskier than others. How the level and rate of alcohol exposure contribute to the increased risk of alcohol use disorder is unclear, but likely depends on the alcohol concentration time course. We hypothesized that the brain is sensitive to the alcohol concentration rate of change and that people at greater risk would self‐administer faster. We developed a novel intravenous alcohol self‐administration paradigm to allow participants direct and reproducible control over how quickly their breath alcohol concentration changes. We used drinking intensity and the density of biological family history of alcohol dependence as proxies for risk. Thirty‐five alcohol drinking participants aged 21–28 years provided analytical data from a single, intravenous alcohol self‐administration session using our computer‐assisted alcohol infusion system rate control paradigm. A shorter time to reach 80 mg/dl was associated with increasing multiples of the binge drinking definition (p = 0.004), which was in turn related to higher density of family history of alcoholism (FHD, p = 0.04). Rate‐dependent changes in subjective response (intoxication and stimulation) were also associated with FHD (each p = 0.001). Subsequently, given the limited sample size and FHD range, associations between multiples of the binge drinking definition and FHD were replicated and extended in analyses of the Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism database. The rate control paradigm models binge and high‐intensity drinking in the laboratory and provides a novel way to examine the relationship between the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of alcohol and potentially the risk for the development of alcohol use disorders.
Mechanisms regulating neutrophil responses in immunity, allergy, and autoimmunity
Authors: Özcan Alaz , Boyman Onur 
Published: September 2022

AbstractNeutrophil granulocytes, or neutrophils, are the most abundant circulating leukocytes in humans and indispensable for antimicrobial immunity, as exemplified in patients with inborn and acquired defects of neutrophils. Neutrophils were long regarded as the foot soldiers of the immune system, solely destined to execute a set of effector functions against invading pathogens before undergoing apoptosis, the latter of which was ascribed to their short life span. This simplistic understanding of neutrophils has now been revised on the basis of insights gained from the use of mouse models and single‐cell high‐throughput techniques, revealing tissue‐ and context‐specific roles of neutrophils in guiding immune responses. These studies also demonstrated that neutrophil responses were controlled by sophisticated feedback mechanisms, including directed chemotaxis of neutrophils to tissue‐draining lymph nodes resulting in modulation of antimicrobial immunity and inflammation. Moreover, findings in mice and humans showed that neutrophil responses adapted to different deterministic cytokine signals, which controlled their migration and effector function as well as, notably, their biologic clock by affecting the kinetics of their aging. These mechanistic insights have important implications for health and disease in humans, particularly, in allergic diseases, such as atopic dermatitis and allergic asthma bronchiale, as well as in autoinflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Hence, our improved understanding of neutrophils sheds light on novel therapeutic avenues, focusing on molecularly defined biologic agents.
Resensitization in suspected penicillin allergy
Authors: Doña Inmaculada , Guidolin Lucia , Bogas Gádor , Olivieri Elisa , Labella Marina , Schiappoli Michele , Sáenz de Santa María Rocío , Dama Annarita , Salas María , Senna Gianenrico , Bonadonna Patrizia , Torres María José 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe diagnosis of allergic reactions to penicillins (AR‐PEN) is very complex as there is a loss of sensitization over time, which leads to negative skin tests (STs) and specific IgE in serum, and even to tolerance to the drug involved. However, STs may become positive after subsequent exposure to the culprit drug (resensitization), with the risk of inducing potentially severe reactions. The exact rate of resensitization to penicillins is unknown, ranging from 0% to 27.9% in published studies.ObjectivesTo analyze the rate of resensitization in patients with suggestive AR‐PEN by repeating STs (retest) after an initial evaluation (IE).Material and MethodsPatients with suspected AR‐PEN were prospectively evaluated between 2017 and 2020. They underwent STs, and a randomized group also underwent a drug provocation test (DPT) with the culprit. Only patients with negative STs and/or DPT were included. All included cases were retested by STs at 2–8 weeks.ResultsA total of 545 patients were included: 296 reporting immediate reactions (IRs) and 249 non‐immediate reactions (NIRs). Eighty (14.7%) cases had positive results in retest (RT+): 63 (21.3%) IRs and 17 (6.8%) NIRs (p < 0.0001). The rate of RT+ was higher in anaphylaxis compared with all other reactions (45.8% vs 9.1%,p < 0.0001). The risk of RT+ was higher from the fifth week after IE (OR: 4.64, CI: 2.1–11.6;p < 0.001) and increased with the patient's age (OR: 1.02; CI: 1.01–1.04;p = 0.009).ConclusionsDue to the high rate of resensitization, retest should be included in the diagnostic algorithm of IRs to penicillins after an initial negative study, especially in anaphylaxis, to avoid potentially severe reactions after subsequent prescriptions of these drugs.
A General Modeling Framework for Open Wildlife Populations Based on the Polya Tree Prior
Authors: Diana Alex , Matechou Eleni , Griffin Jim , Arnold Todd , Tenan Simone , Volponi Stefano 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Wildlife monitoring for open populations can be performed using a number of different survey methods. Each survey method gives rise to a type of data and, in the last five decades, a large number of associated statistical models have been developed for analyzing these data. Although these models have been parameterized and fitted using different approaches, they have all been designed to either model the pattern with which individuals enter and/or exit the population, or to estimate the population size by accounting for the corresponding observation process, or both. However, existing approaches rely on a predefined model structure and complexity, either by assuming that parameters linked to the entry and exit pattern (EEP) are specific to sampling occasions, or by employing parametric curves to describe the EEP. Instead, we propose a novel Bayesian nonparametric framework for modeling EEPs based on the Polya tree (PT) prior for densities. Our Bayesian nonparametric approach avoids overfitting when inferring EEPs, while simultaneously allowing more flexibility than is possible using parametric curves. Finally, we introduce the replicate PT prior for defining classes of models for these data allowing us to impose constraints on the EEPs, when required. We demonstrate our new approach using capture–recapture, count, and ring-recovery data for two different case studies.
Association between germline pathogenic variants in cancer‐predisposing genes and lymphoma risk
Authors: Usui Yoshiaki , Iwasaki Yusuke , Matsuo Keitaro , Endo Mikiko , Kamatani Yoichiro , Hirata Makoto , Sugano Kokichi , Yoshida Teruhiko , Matsuda Koichi , Murakami Yoshinori , Maeda Yoshinobu , Nakagawa Hidewaki , Momozawa Yukihide 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe application of advanced molecular technology has significantly expanded lymphoma classification, allowing risk stratification and treatment optimization. Limited evidence suggests the presence of a genetic predisposition in lymphoma, indicating the potential for better individualized clinical management based on a novel lymphoma classification. Herein, we examined the impact of germline pathogenic variants in 27 cancer‐predisposing genes with lymphoma risk and explored the clinical characteristics of pathogenic variant carriers. This study included 2,066 lymphoma patients and 38,153 cancer‐free controls from the Japanese population. Following quality control of sequencing data, samples from 1,982 lymphoma patients and 37,592 controls were further analyzed. We identified 309 pathogenic variants among 4,850 variants in the 27 cancer‐predisposing genes. Pathogenic variants in the following four cancer‐predisposing genes were associated with a high risk of lymphoma: ATM (odds ratio [OR], 2.63; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.25–5.51; p = 1.06 × 10−2), BRCA1 (OR, 5.88; 95% CI, 2.65–13.02; p = 1.27 × 10−5), BRCA2 (OR, 2.94; 95% CI, 1.60–5.42; p = 5.25 × 10−4), and TP53 (OR, 5.22; 95% CI, 1.43–19.02; p = 1.23 × 10−2). The proportion of carriers of these genes was 1.6% of lymphoma patients. Furthermore, pathogenic variants in these genes were especially associated with a higher risk of mantle cell lymphoma (OR, 21.57; 95% CI, 7.59–61.26; p = 8.07 × 10−9). These results provide novel insights concerning monogenic form into lymphoma classification. Some lymphoma patients may benefit from surveillance and targeted treatment, such as other neoplasms.
Predictors of renal recovery in recipients of liver transplant alone who met 2017 simultaneous liver‐kidney transplant criteria
Authors: Cui Jiawei , Spann Ashley , Shingina Alexandra , Schaefer Heidi , Slaughter James C. , Matsuoka Lea , Alexopoulos Sophoclis , Izzy Manhal 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundSevere renal dysfunction is common among liver transplant (LT) candidates and often prompts simultaneous liver‐kidney transplantation (SLKT) consideration. In view of 2017 United Network of Organ Sharing (UNOS) criteria for SLKT, we investigated the likelihood and predictors of renal recovery among patients who met the aforementioned criteria yet received liver transplant alone (LTA).MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed relative renal recovery (RRR; increase in eGFR to >30 ml/min) in adult LTA recipients between 1/2009 and 1/2019.ResultsOf 1165 LT recipients, 54 met 2017 UNOS criteria, with 37 receiving LTA. RRR occurred in 84% of LTA recipients, none of whom had pre‐LT eGFR <20 ml/min. Sustained RRR (>180 days) occurred in 43% of patients. While prolonged pre‐LT severe renal impairment (eGFR <30 ml/min) predicted failure to have sustained RRR (HR .19 per 90‐day, CI .04–.87, p < .005), having an eGFR measurement of >30 ml/min within 90 days pre‐LT (HR 5.52, CI 1.23–24.79, p .01) associated with achieving sustained RRR. Sustained RRR was protective against the composite outcome of renal replacement therapy, kidney transplant, and death (HR .21, p .01).ConclusionLT candidates who meet 2017 UNOS criteria for SLKT yet undergo LTA can still have relative renal recovery post‐LT, exceeding 80% on short‐term follow‐up and 40% on long‐term follow‐up. eGFR trends within 90 days pre‐LT can predict sustained renal recovery, which appears protective of adverse outcomes. These recovery rates advocate for applying the more restrictive criteria for SLKT outlined in this article and increasing utilization of the safety net (SN) policy for those who do not meet the proposed criteria.