bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical and imaging features preoperative evaluation of histological grade and microvascular infiltration of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Ling , Lin Jiong-bin , Jia Ming , Zhang Chen-cai , Xu Rong , Guo Le , Lin Xiao-jia , Wang Quan-shi 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
To predict the histological grade and microvascular invasion (MVI) in patients with HCC.

Methods
A retrospective analysis was conducted on 175 patients who underwent MRI enhancement scanning (from September 2016.9 to October 2020). They were divided into MVI positive, MVI negative, Grade-high and Grade-low groups.

Results
The AFP of 175 HCC patients distributed in MVI positive and negative groups, Grade-low and Grade-high groups were statistically significant (P = 0.002 and 0.03, respectively). Multiple HCC lesions were more common in MVI positive and Grade-high groups. Correspondingly, more single lesions were found in MVI negative and Grade-low groups (P = 0.005 and 0.019, respectively). Capsule on MRI was more common in MVI negative and Grade-high groups, and the difference was statistically significant (P = 0.02 and 0.011, respectively). There were statistical differences in the distribution of three MRI signs: artistic rim enhancement, artistic peripheral enhancement, and tumor margin between MVI positive and MVI negative groups (P = 0.001, < 0.001, and < 0.001, respectively). Tumor hypointensity on HBP was significantly different between MVI positive and negative groups (P < 0.001).

Conclusions
Our research shows that preoperative enhanced imaging can be used to predict MVI and tumor differentiation grade of HCC. The prognosis of MVI-negative group was better than that of MVI-positive group.
External validation of six clinical models for prediction of chronic kidney disease in a German population
Authors: Stolpe Susanne , Kowall Bernd , Zwanziger Denise , Frank Mirjam , Jöckel Karl-Heinz , Erbel Raimund , Stang Andreas 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is responsible for large personal health and societal burdens. Screening populations at higher risk for CKD is effective to initiate earlier treatment and decelerate disease progress. We externally validated clinical prediction models for unknown CKD that might be used in population screening.

Methods
We validated six risk models for prediction of CKD using only non-invasive parameters. Validation data came from 4,185 participants of the German Heinz-Nixdorf-Recall study (HNR), drawn in 2000 from a general population aged 45–75 years. We estimated discrimination and calibration using the full model information, and calculated the diagnostic properties applying the published scoring algorithms of the models using various thresholds for the sum of scores.

Results
The risk models used four to nine parameters. Age and hypertension were included in all models. Five out of six c-values ranged from 0.71 to 0.73, indicating fair discrimination. Positive predictive values ranged from 15 to 19%, negative predictive values were > 93% using score thresholds that resulted in values for sensitivity and specificity above 60%.

Conclusions
Most of the selected CKD prediction models show fair discrimination in a German general population. The estimated diagnostic properties indicate that the models are suitable for identifying persons at higher risk for unknown CKD without invasive procedures.
Diversity of hemodynamic types in connective tissue disease associated pulmonary hypertension: more than a subgroup of pulmonary arterial hypertension
Authors: Dong Xingbei , Shi Yue , Xia Ying , Zhang Xiao , Qian Junyan , Zhao Jiuliang , Peng Jinmin , Wang Qian , Weng Li , Li Mengtao , Du Bin , Zeng Xiaofeng 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective
Connective tissue disease associated pulmonary hypertension (CTD-PH) is classified as a subgroup of WHO group 1 PH, also called pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). However, not all CTD-PH fit hemodynamic definition of PAH. This study investigates the diversity of hemodynamic types of CTD-PH, their differences in clinical characteristics and outcomes.

Method
We performed a retrospective cohort study. CTD-PH patients were enrolled and divided into WHO group1 PH, WHO group 2 PH and hyperdynamic PH (mPAP > 20 mmHg, PVR < 3WU, PAWP < 15 mmHg) according to hemodynamics obtained by right heart catheterization. Patients with severe lung diseases, heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, pulmonary embolism, and hepatic cirrhosis were excluded. Baseline characteristics, autoantibodies, cardiac function, echocardiogram parameters, hemodynamics and survival rates were compared.

Result
A total of 202 CTD-PH patients were included, 138 in WHO group 1 PH, 33 in WHO group 2 PH and 31 in hyperdynamic PH. We found hyperdynamic PH is less severe, presenting lower NT-proBNP level, better WHO function class, lower mPAP and PVR, higher cardiac output, and less cardiac remodeling. Incidence of anti-RNP was significantly lower in patients with elevated PAWP. Short-term survival was worse in WHO group 2 PH, yet 5-year survival rates didn’t differ between groups.

Conclusion
Considering diversity in hemodynamic types, CTD-PH is more than a subgroup of PAH. Different types of CTD-PH present different clinical phenotypes and outcome. Phenotyping PH in CTD-PH patients is important.
Machine learning algorithms’ accuracy in predicting kidney disease progression: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Lei Nuo , Zhang Xianlong , Wei Mengting , Lao Beini , Xu Xueyi , Zhang Min , Chen Huifen , Xu Yanmin , Xia Bingqing , Zhang Dingjun , Dong Chendi , Fu Lizhe , Tang Fang , Wu Yifan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Kidney disease progression rates vary among patients. Rapid and accurate prediction of kidney disease outcomes is crucial for disease management. In recent years, various prediction models using Machine Learning (ML) algorithms have been established in nephrology. However, their accuracy have been inconsistent. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of ML algorithms for kidney disease progression.

Methods
We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, the Chinese Biomedicine Literature Database, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Database, and the VIP Database for diagnostic studies on ML algorithms’ accuracy in predicting kidney disease prognosis, from the establishment of these databases until October 2020. Two investigators independently evaluate study quality by QUADAS-2 tool and extracted data from single ML algorithm for data synthesis using the bivariate model and the hierarchical summary receiver operating characteristic (HSROC) model.

Results
Fifteen studies were left after screening, only 6 studies were eligible for data synthesis. The sample size of these 6 studies was 12,534, and the kidney disease types could be divided into chronic kidney disease (CKD) and Immunoglobulin A Nephropathy, with 5 articles using end-stage renal diseases occurrence as the primary outcome. The main results indicated that the area under curve (AUC) of the HSROC was 0.87 (0.84–0.90) and ML algorithm exhibited a strong specificity, 95% confidence interval and heterogeneity (I2) of (0.87, 0.84–0.90, [I2 99.0%]) and a weak sensitivity of (0.68, 0.58–0.77, [I2 99.7%]) in predicting kidney disease deterioration. And the the results of subgroup analysis indicated that ML algorithm’s AUC for predicting CKD prognosis was 0.82 (0.79–0.85), with the pool sensitivity of (0.64, 0.49–0.77, [I2 99.20%]) and pool specificity of (0.84, 0.74–0.91, [I2 99.84%]). The ML algorithm’s AUC for predicting IgA nephropathy prognosis was 0.78 (0.74–0.81), with the pool sensitivity of (0.74, 0.71–0.77, [I2 7.10%]) and pool specificity of (0.93, 0.91–0.95, [I2 83.92%]).

Conclusion
Taking advantage of big data, ML algorithm-based prediction models have high accuracy in predicting kidney disease progression, we recommend ML algorithms as an auxiliary tool for clinicians to determine proper treatment and disease management strategies.
Long-term maintenance of synaptic plasticity by Fullerenol Ameliorates lead-induced-impaired learning and memory in vivo
Authors: Zha Yingying , Jin Yan , Wang Xinxing , Chen Lin , Zhang Xulai , Wang Ming 
Published: August 2022

AbstractFullerenol, a functional and water-soluble fullerene derivative, plays an important role in antioxidant, antitumor and antivirus, implying its enormous potential in biomedical applications. However, the in vivo performance of fullerenol remains largely unclear. We aimed to investigate the effect of fullerenol (i.p., 5 mg/kg) on the impaired hippocampus in a rat model of lead exposure. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF–MS) is a kind of newly developed soft-ionization mass spectrometry technology. In the present study, an innovative strategy for biological distribution analysis using MALDI-TOF–MS confirmed that fullerenol could across the blood–brain barrier and accumulate in the brain. Results from behavioral tests showed that a low dose of fullerenol could improve the impaired learning and memory induced by lead. Furthermore, electrophysiology examinations indicated that this potential repair effect of fullerenol was mainly due to the long-term changes in hippocampal synaptic plasticity, with enhancement lasting for more than 2–3 h. In addition, morphological observations and biochemistry analyses manifested that the long-term change in synaptic efficacy was accompanied by some structural alteration in synaptic connection. Our study demonstrates the therapeutic feature of fullerenol will be beneficial to the discovery and development as a new drug and lays a solid foundation for further biomedical applications of nanomedicines.
A bioinformatics analysis: ZFHX4 is associated with metastasis and poor survival in ovarian cancer
Authors: Zong Shuai , Xu Ping-ping , Xu Yin-hai , Guo Yi 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Metastasis was the major cause of the high mortality in ovarian cancer. Although some mechanisms of metastasis in ovarian cancer were proposed, few have been targeted in the clinical practice. In the study, we aimed to identify novel genes contributing to metastasis and poor clinical outcome in ovarian cancer from bioinformatics databases.

Methods
Studies collecting matched primary tumors and metastases from ovarian cancer patients were searched in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened by software R language. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis for the DEGs were implemented by Metascape. Venn diagram was plotted to present overlapping DEGs. The associations between the overlapping DEGs and prognosis were tested by Cox proportional hazard regression model using a cohort of ovarian cancer patients from the TCGA database. Genes affecting patients’ outcomes significantly were served as hub genes. The mechanisms of the hub genes in promoting ovarian cancer metastasis were then predicted by R software.

Results
Two gene expression profiles (GSE30587 and GSE73168) met the inclusion criteria and were finally analyzed. A total of 259 genes were significantly differentially expressed in GSE30587, whereas 712 genes were in GSE73168. In GSE30587, DEGs were mainly involved in extracellular matrix (ECM) organization; For GSE73168, most of DEGs showed ion trans-membrane transport activity. There were 9 overlapping genes between the two datasets (RUNX2, FABP4, CLDN20, SVEP1, FAM169A, PGM5, ZFHX4, DCN and TAS2R50). ZFHX4 was proved to be an independent adverse prognostic factor for ovarian cancer patients (HR = 1.44, 95%CI: 1.13–1.83, p = 0.003). Mechanistically, ZFHX4 was positively significantly correlated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers (r = 0.54, p = 2.59 × 10−29) and ECM-related genes (r = 0.52, p = 2.86 × 10−27).

Conclusions
ZFHX4 might promote metastasis in ovarian cancer by regulating EMT and reprogramming ECM. For clinical applications, ZFHX4 was expected to be a prognostic biomarker for ovarian cancer metastasis.
Characteristics of risk factors for acute kidney injury among inpatients administered sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim: a retrospective observational study
Authors: Shimizu Yuki , Hirai Toshinori , Ogawa Yukari , Yamada Chihiro , Kobayashi Emiko 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundSulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (SMX/TMP) potentially increases the serum creatinine levels, resulting in acute kidney injury (AKI). However, the clinical characteristics of the AKI associated with SMX/TMP and the risk factors for its development have not been fully characterized.MethodsA retrospective cohort observational analysis was conducted on adult inpatients who started SMX/TMP treatment at the Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Yachiyo Medical Center, from April 2018 to March 2020. The primary outcome was AKI, defined as an increase in serum creatinine level of ≥ 50% from baseline. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the risk factors for the AKI associated with SMX/TMP.ResultsOf the 281 patients, 32 (11.4%) developed AKI. The multivariate logistic regression analysis identified that body mass index (BMI) (odds ratio [OR] = 0.86, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.76–0.97,p < 0.01), presence of hypertension (OR = 2.69, 95% CI 1.11–6.49,p = 0.02), SMX/TMP daily dose (OR = 1.16, 95% CI 1.03–1.30,p = 0.02), and concomitant loop diuretic use (OR = 2.91, 95% CI 1.08–7.78,p = 0.04) were the associated risk factors for AKI in patients who were administered SMX/TMP.ConclusionsThis study showed that low BMI, hypertension, high-dose SMX/TMP, and concomitant loop diuretic use increased the risk of AKI in patients administered SMX/TMP. Clinicians should consider monitoring the renal function in patients at a high risk of AKI.
Primary grade 2 neuroendocrine tumor of the ileal mesentery: a case report
Authors: Morishita Shigemi , Yoshida Shinichi , Kamatani Yasufumi , Suzuhigashi Shinya , Kitou Masaki , Nasu Takuma 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
The prevalence and incidence of neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are increasing worldwide. Primary mesenteric NETs are extremely rare. Solid tumors that arise in the mesentery are typically metastatic. We present an extremely rare case of a primary grade 2 NET (NET G2) in the ileal mesentery.

Case presentation
A 54-year-old man was referred to our hospital for further examination of a previously diagnosed right mesenteric tumor. Mild tenderness was noted on the right side of the abdomen, but there were no palpable masses. Fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) revealed slight FDG uptake (maximum standardized uptake value, 2.0) in the right abdomen, and a benign or low-grade malignant tumor was suspected. We extracted the ileal mesenteric tumor with an ileal resection (90 cm). The cut surface of the 55 × 33 × 33 mm3 tumor was pale yellowish-white. Immunohistochemistry revealed diffuse staining for synaptophysin and chromogranin A, and focal staining for CD56. The Ki-67 index was 3%. The final pathological diagnosis was NET G2. The patient’s postoperative course was uneventful, and he developed no recurrence 1.5 years after surgery. Postoperative antitumor therapy was not performed for this patient because the histological diagnosis was NET G2, and it was determined that the tumor could be completely resected by surgery.

Conclusions
We report an extremely rare case of primary ileal mesenteric NET. Mesenteric tumors that show slight FDG uptake on FDG-PET examination should be considered well-differentiated NET.
Evaluation of the entomopathogenic nematode, Steinernema asiaticum against the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (Linnaeus) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) under screen house and field conditions
Authors: Kumar Rajesh , Pandey Shalini , Singh Ram 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
The experiments were conducted at Research Farm, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, India. Infectivity and effectiveness of entomopathogenic nematode (EPN), Steinernema asiaticum infective juveniles (IJs) were evaluated against the diamondback moth (DBM), Plutella xylostella (Linnaeus) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) as foliar spray on cabbage plants in screen house with single (30,000 IJs per plant), two (15,000 + 15,000 IJs per plant) or three (10,000 + 10,000 + 10,000 IJs per plant) applications. In the field trial, S. asiaticum (25,000 or 50,000 IJs per plant) and Malathion 50 EC (0.05%) singly or in combination at half the concentrations were used.

Results
In screen house trial, all the treatments resulted in significantly high larval mortality than untreated plants. Split concentration application (15,000 + 15,000 IJs per plant) gave better DBM larval mortality (48.33%) compared to single application (36.00% at 30,000 IJs per plant). Comparing the two and three split applications, 15,000 IJs was significantly better (23.33% mortality) than 10,000 IJs (13.33%). In the field trial, S. asiaticum alone at 50,000 IJs resulted in 28.8% insect mortality compared to 18.0% in Malathion at 0.05%. Best results (37.5% mortality) were obtained by using nematode IJs at 25,000 per plant in combination with half the recommended concentration of Malathion (0.025%) leading to synergistic effect.

Conclusions
The study revealed that split application (15,000 + 15,000 IJs) of EPN S. asiaticum IJs proved better than single application of IJs at the same concentration (30,000 IJs) in the management of P. xylostella larvae in the screen house conditions. In the field experiment, the best effectiveness was obtained in combination of half the concentrations of EPN and insecticide (S. asiaticum IJs @ 25,000 per plant + Malathion @ 0.025%).
Dynamic changes of atrioventricular conduction during Covid-19 infection: Does inflammation matter?
Authors: Aryanti Risca Rini , Hermanto Dony Yugo , Yuniadi Yoga 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
The primary manifestation of COVID-19 infection was pulmonary involvement. However, it can also manifest as a cardiovascular problem.

Methods
We report a case of 82-year-old male COVID-19 patient who experienced atrioventricular (AV) conduction disturbance.

Results
The rhythm was degenerated from sinus rhythm to complete AV block. We observe dynamic AV node dysfunction associated with inflammatory response. His bundle pacing successfully captured distal His region.

Conclusion
The severe inflammatory response during COVID-19 infection might permanently damage cardiac conduction system resulted in a complete AV node block.
Longitudinal fecal microbiome and metabolite data demonstrate rapid shifts and subsequent stabilization after an abrupt dietary change in healthy adult dogs
Authors: Lin Ching-Yen , Jha Aashish R. , Oba Patrícia M. , Yotis Sofia M. , Shmalberg Justin , Honaker Ryan W. , Swanson Kelly S. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Diet has a large influence on gut microbiota diversity and function. Although previous studies have investigated the effect of dietary interventions on the gut microbiome, longitudinal changes in the gut microbiome, microbial functions, and metabolite profiles post dietary interventions have been underexplored. How long these outcomes require to reach a steady-state, how they relate to one another, and their impact on host physiological changes are largely unknown. To address these unknowns, we collected longitudinal fecal samples following an abrupt dietary change in healthy adult beagles (n = 12, age: 5.16 ± 0.87 year, BW: 13.37 ± 0.68 kg) using a crossover design. All dogs were fed a kibble diet (control) from d1-14, and then fed that same diet supplemented with fiber (HFD) or a protein-rich canned diet (CD) from d15-27. Fresh fecal samples were collected on d13, 16, 20, 24, and 27 for metabolite and microbiome assessment. Fecal microbial diversity and composition, metabolite profiles, and microbial functions dramatically diverged and stabilized within a few days (2 d for metabolites; 6 d for microbiota) after dietary interventions. Fecal acetate, propionate, and total short-chain fatty acids increased after change to HFD, while fecal isobutyrate, isovalerate, total branched-chain fatty acids, phenol, and indole increased after dogs consumed CD. Relative abundance of ~ 100 bacterial species mainly belonging to the Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Actinobacteria phyla increased in HFD. These shifts in gut microbiome diversity and composition were accompanied by functional changes. Transition to HFD led to increases in the relative abundance of KEGG orthology (KO) terms related to starch and sucrose metabolism, fatty acid biosynthesis, and amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism, while transition to CD resulted in increased relative abundance of KO terms pertaining to inositol phosphate metabolism and sulfur metabolism. Significant associations among fecal microbial taxa, KO terms, and metabolites were observed, allowing for high-accuracy prediction of diet group by random forest analysis.

Conclusions
Longitudinal sampling and a multi-modal approach to characterizing the gastrointestinal environment allowed us to demonstrate how drastically and quickly dietary changes impact the fecal microbiome and metabolite profiles of dogs following an abrupt dietary change and identify key microbe-metabolite relationships that allowed for treatment prediction.
Hymen-saving hymenotomy of imperforate hymen in neonates and adolescents: tertiary medical center experience
Authors: Aljahdali Ettedal A. , Kurdi Mazen O. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Imperforate hymen (IH) is the most common obstructive anomaly of female genital tract. Hymen saving has a great importance for both cultural and religious reasons. Conventional surgical treatment for this condition is cruciate incision hymenotomy or hymen-saving central annular hymenotomy (HSCAH). This study aimed to review presentations and management of neonate and adolescents with IH at one tertiary hospital over 12 year’s period. The aim also was to stress upon importance of hymen saving to our Muslim community and improve knowledge, enable targeted education, and reduce unnecessary tests and diagnostic delay for this condition.

Methods
Twenty-five patients with IH were diagnosed and treated in this retrospective cohort study over 12 years, from January 2010 till December 2021. Demographic characteristics of the patients, their symptoms and signs, investigations, type of operations, recurrence, and infections were recorded and analyzed.

Results
Saudi accounted for the majority of IH cases (88%). There were fifteen adolescents, and ten were neonates. Bulging imperforate hymen, pelvic/abdominopelvic mass, constipation, acute urine retention, abdominal discomfort, and lower abdominal distension were among the signs and symptoms. All 25 patients had HSCAH, 21 of whom had primary HSCAH and four of whom had secondary HSCAH due to recurrence. To avoid recurrence, HSCAH was performed with suturing of the inner vaginal mucosa to the exterior vestibular mucosa.

Conclusion
Early diagnosis of imperforate hymen for neonate and adolescent girls and prompt definitive HSCAH could have positive impact on treatment outcome and decrease complications and fulfill integrity of hymen as virginity of high importance in our Muslim community and other similar culture, where hymen-sparing procedure is preferred by most of these patients and families.