bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel damage constitutive model for creep deformation and damage evolution prediction
Authors: Zhao Xu , Niu Xuming , Song Yingdong , Sun Zhigang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn order to accurately predict creep deformation and damage evolution of nickel‐based superalloy GH4169, a novel damage constitutive model, that is, TTC CDM‐based model, was proposed based on TTC relations and continuum damage mechanics (CDM). This model combined the best features of the TTC relations and CDM. The recently developed TTC relations were intrinsic relations between threshold stress, tensile properties, and creep behavior and exhibited better prediction ability than Wilshire equations. It was determined that the model accurately predicted the minimum creep rate, rupture time, creep deformation, and damage evolution process of GH4169. Microstructural study has revealed that the creep fracture mode gradually converts from intergranular brittle fracture to transgranular ductile fracture as the stress decreases. Furthermore, the nonlinear creep damage accumulation effect was also revealed by the novel model.
Effect of carbide precipitation on Coffin–Manson relationship of a polycrystalline nickel‐based superalloy
Authors: Rai R. K. , Jena P. S. M. , Paulose N. , Sahu J. K. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis study explores the dual‐slope Coffin–Manson (C–M) behavior of a polycrystalline nickel‐based superalloy, EA, used in turbine engine applications with an emphasis on discerning the micro‐mechanisms responsible for it. The motivation for distinguishing the micro‐mechanisms responsible for bi‐linear C–M behavior stemmed from the earlier evolved comprehensions that state that the fatigue life estimation based on the extrapolation of any single line gives inaccurate results. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) investigations of fatigue fractured specimens at low strain amplitudes, Δε/2, revealed that dislocations are homogeneously distributed in the γ‐channels and occasionally form networks at γ/γ′ interface. Whereas deformation is heterogeneous at high Δε/2 owing to the complex dislocation reactions. Cr23C6 carbides are precipitated during the high Δε/2 fatigue tests, which act as obstacles for dislocations. The deformation heterogeneity resulting from the dislocation–γ′ precipitate interactions and the dislocation–M23C6 carbide interactions accounts for the dual‐slope C–M behavior.
Alterations in soil pH emerge as a key driver of the impact of global change on soil microbial nitrogen cycling: Evidence from a global meta‐analysis
Authors: Zhong Yangquanwei , Yan Weiming , Canisares Lucas P. , Wang Shi , Brodie Eoin L. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAimSoil nitrogen (N) cycling is critical to the productivity of terrestrial ecosystems. However, the impact of global change factors (GCFs) on the microbial mediators of N cycling pathways has yet to be synthesized, and it also remains unclear whether the response of the abundance of N‐cycling genes can predict changes in their corresponding processes.LocationGlobal.Time period2000–2021.Major taxa studiedArchaea, bacteria.MethodsWe synthesized 8322 paired observations of soil microorganisms related to N cycling from field experiments in which GCFs (climate change and nutrient addition) were manipulated.ResultsWe found that the abundance of soil microbes and most N‐cycling genes were resistant to elevated CO2, experimental warming and water addition/reduction; however, N addition and the combination of N addition with other GCFs significantly increased the abundance of ammonia oxidizer bacteria (amoA‐AOB). The results indicated that in steady‐state (natural) conditions, the main factors driving the global abundance of soil bacteria, archaea and N‐cycling genes varied in terms of the contributions of climatic and edaphic factors. However, upon manipulation of GCFs, the induced change in soil pH was the most essential factor associated with changes in the abundance of soil microbes and N‐cycling genes. Notably, the changes in ammonia‐oxidizing archaea (amoA‐AOA) and amoA‐AOB genes, in addition to genes involved in denitrification (nirS and nirK), were significantly correlated with the rates of their corresponding processes, but GCF‐induced shifts in the potential nitrification rate (PNR) were explained well by changes in the abundance of the amoA‐AOB gene under GCFs.Main conclusionsOur study highlights how ongoing GCFs impact the abundance of soil microbes and N‐cycling genes, which might have a profound impact on terrestrial N cycling. Our field‐based results provide new insights into the drivers of the abundance of soil microbes and N‐cycling genes.
Effect of a single application of silver diamine fluoride on root caries after 12 months in institutionalised older adults—A randomised clinical trial
Authors: Ericson Dan , Carlsson Peter , Gabre Pia , Wårdh Inger , Zimmerman Mikael , Sjögren Petteri 
Published: November 2022

ObjectiveSilver diamine fluoride (SDF) has been shown to be highly effective against caries, in particular for arresting root surface caries and for dentine caries in primary teeth. SDF may complement fluoride varnish routines for treatment of root caries in nursing home residents. The aim of this randomised, single‐blinded, placebo‐controlled trial was to evaluate the additive effect of a single annual application of SDF for prevention and treatment of incipient root caries in older adult nursing home residents.MethodFour hundred older adult nursing home residents (≥70 years old) with at least one exposed root surface (on teeth 15, 14, 13, 23, 24, or 25) were identified during routine dental examination visits in the domiciliary dental care setting. Eligible patients, who were able to understand the implication of consenting to the study, were invited to participate. Their cleaned root surfaces were randomly allocated to treatment with SDF (Advantage Arrest Silver Diamine Fluoride 38%, Advantage Arrest, LLC, Redmond, OR 97756, USA, Lot 16 152) or with placebo (tap water), each for 1 minute.ResultsOf the 400 eligible individuals, 42 declined to participate and two forms were destroyed. The remaining 356 participants (89.0%; mean age 87.7 years) were randomly allocated, with 174 going to the SDF group and 182 to the placebo group. At 1 year, 273 participants (76.7%) were available for assessment: 135 in the SDF group and 138 in the placebo group. By that time, 109 individuals (39.9%) demonstrated root caries progression or regression. Among those 118 (16.7%) of the 708 included root surfaces had developed caries There were no statistically significant differences in the primary outcome related to treatment with SDF or placebo, at either patient or root surface level.ConclusionBased on the finding of this clinical trial, it is concluded that a single SDF application to complement a risk‐based preventive programme including fluoride varnish applications did not have a statistically significant additional preventive effect on root caries development in a group of older adult nursing home residents with limited caries activity and cognitive capacity to cooperate in oral care activities.
Liminality as wage penalty for India's women community health workers
Authors: Marwah Vrinda 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this paper, I analyze the experiences of the world's largest all‐women community health workforce through the lens of liminality. Originally used to describe transition from one state to the other, the concept of liminality in the study of work and organizations can frame workers' experiences of being in‐between established structures and roles in varying degrees, times, and/or places. India's ASHAs, or Accredited Social Health Activists, are community women at the frontlines of the state's health care provisioning. But the state does not categorize them as workers or employees. ASHAs are considered volunteers. Instead of salaries, they are paid task‐based incentives. Based on 14 months of ethnographic fieldwork, including 80 interviews, I find that ASHAs' liminal occupational status as ‘paid volunteers’ produces conditions of chronic underpayment and control for them, further lowering their already low wages. This has implications for how we understand the gender wage gap. I argue that we need to consider not just how much women are paid, but how the payment is structured, and how that places marginalized women workers in relation to others in the workplace. Moving beyond whether liminality is a negative or positive experience, future research should delineate the conditions under which liminality is negative or positive.
Clinical outcomes of low‐dose pharmacokinetic‐guided extended half‐life versus low‐dose standard half‐life factor VIII concentrate prophylaxis in haemophilia A patients
Authors: Rakmanotham Arunothai , Moonla Chatphatai , Sosothikul Darintr 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIntroductionDespite receiving standard half‐life (SHL) factor VIII (FVIII) concentrates prophylaxis, some severe haemophilia A (HA) patients still encounter spontaneous breakthrough bleeding. Individualized pharmacokinetic (PK)‐guided dosing of extended half‐life (EHL) FVIII concentrates may reduce their bleeding events.AimTo compare clinical outcomes before and after switching low‐dose prophylaxis using weight‐based SHL FVIII to PK‐guided EHL FVIII concentrates, taking into consideration of a trough FVIII activity at 1 IU/dl above natural baseline.MethodsIn this single‐centre prospective cohort, Thai severe or moderate HA (FVIII activity ≤3 IU/dl) patients receiving low‐dose weight‐based SHL FVIII prophylaxis were enrolled. After a 3‐day wash‐out period, participants underwent low‐dose EHL FVIII prophylaxis with PK‐based adjustment (myPKFiT®) for 6 months. The annualized bleeding rates (ABR), the annualized joint bleeding rates (AJBR), the haemophilia‐specific quality‐of‐life (Haemo‐QoL or Haemo‐QoL‐A) scores, the Hemophilia Joint Health Scores (HJHS) and the annualized FVIII consumption were compared between the two prophylactic periods.ResultsOf 15 eligible subjects (mean age 18.7 ± 6.7 years), ABR, AJBR and HJHS were significantly reduced (mean differences of ‐11.1 ± 4.9 bleeds/year, ‐10.4 ± 5.2 joint bleeds/year and ‐5.1 ± 1.5 marks, respectively; P < .001 for all comparisons) after switching regimen. The quality‐of‐life scores had also improved (P = .001). Nonetheless, FVIII consumption tended to increase despite no statistical significance (means of 1240.9 ± 531.3 SHL FVIII IU/kg/year versus 1591.7 ± 438.9 EHL FVIII IU/kg/year; P = .05).ConclusionsThis is the first low‐dose, PK‐guided, EHL FVIII prophylaxis clinical study in Thailand. Benefits and practicability of this personalized regimen may support the implementation of regular FVIII prophylaxis in developing countries with budget constraints. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05281185.
COMPOSING HISTORY FOR THE WEB: DIGITAL REFORMULATION OF NARRATIVE, EVIDENCE, AND CONTEXT
Authors: BASHIR SHAHZAD 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACTI recently published A New Vision for Islamic Pasts and Futures, a digital book that presents a new way to understand Islam. This article describes the process and conceptual work that went into designing the book's interface. It emphasizes that hypertext enabled through digital means is not intrinsically more dynamic than print since work in both forms requires equally intensive hermeneutical effort. However, the digital realm provides a more expansive spectrum of tools to formulate concepts and to build on them. Digital presentation can be integrated into processes of theorizing, describing, and advocating that form the core of scholarship in the humanities. The article focuses on three areas—narrative, evidence, and context—that are central to modern historical work. My book's interface demonstrates that web capabilities are compositional tools whose deployment should be mulled over in a manner similar to how authors treat writing and editing. Moreover, we should take account of the quotidian fact that, in our environment, information and knowledge reach us extensively via computer‐based mediation. Whether in books or in articles, academic work is assimilated through piecemeal delivery rather than bound volumes. Instead of romanticizing traditional forms whose import may be diminishing, historians and other humanities scholars can create new arguments by being attentive to the web's capabilities and to the current social conditions of possibility pertaining to the circulation of knowledge. Facility with digital composition can then feed back into all forms of humanistic thinking and writing.
Supercritical CO2‐assisted Ru‐Pd/USY synchronised isomerisation to produce rice bran oil rich in conjugated linoleic acid
Authors: Wu Fei , Zhong Wen , Dai Yajie , Hu Xiaohuan , Huang Zhe , Gao Shan , Xie Fengying , Yu Dianyu 
Published: November 2022

SummaryIn this work, the catalytic efficiency and influencing factors of supported bimetallic catalysts for the synchronised isomerisation of rice bran oil (RBO) to produce conjugated linoleic acid (CLA)‐rich RBO under supercritical conditions were investigated. The morphology and internal composition of the metal catalysts were analysed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), which revealed that Ru and Pd were successfully supported by ultra‐stable Y(USY). The catalyst and oil were synchronously isomerised in the supercritical CO2 environment, and the change in the fatty acid composition of the oil was measured by gas chromatography. The results showed that when the CO2 pressure was 8.0 MPa, the catalyst addition was 5% and the reaction temperature was 160 °C, the conversion of linoleic acid in the RBO catalysed by Ru‐Pd/USY was 68.25 ± 0.08%, and the produced oil met the edible standard.
Focusing on papain release in the intestine: The effects of Chitinous materials on alginate microsphere properties
Authors: Du Yuehong , Zhao Kaixuan , Tian Xiaojing , Zhang Hongjie , Zhou Xunyong , Wang Wenhang 
Published: November 2022

SummaryExogenous enzymes, accompanied by a function of assisting digestion, can be employed in therapeutic application which supplement the daily diet for the patients suffering from gastrointestinal diseases. To prevent the degradation of the enzymes in gastric fluid, papain was encapsulated into alginate microspheres with the external wrap of chitin nanocrystals. The protective effect of the assembled alginate microspheres (PAM‐ChNC) on papain was studied and compared with traditional chitosan‐coated alginate microspheres (PAM‐Ch). Scanning electron microscopy results showed that ChNC could form a dense structure on the surface of alginate microspheres. The swelling rate of PAM‐ChNC was lower than that of PAM‐Ch at pH 1.2. The effect of papain (encapsulated in microspheres) on the digestion of myofibrillar protein gels (MP) was investigated by in vitro digestion. The results showed that the degree of hydrolysis of MP + PAM‐ChNC was significantly higher than that of MP+ PAM‐Ch, indicating that PAM‐ChNC was expected to become a controlled release system for oral exogenous enzymes that assist digestion.
Sugarcane blanching at specific temperature and time combination preserves juice physio‐biochemical, microbial and sensory attributes
Authors: Singh Priyanka , Anam  , Chaurasia Saachi , Kumar Dilip , Singh AK , Singh Pushpa 
Published: November 2022

SummaryFresh sugarcane juice packed with sugars, minerals, phytonutrients, antioxidants and proteins is vulnerable to quality losses caused by enzymatic inversion, chemical interactions and microbiological intrusions. Three temperatures (70, 80 and 90 °C) and four time interval combinations (5, 10, 15 and 20 min) were used to thermally blanch sugarcane billets for comparing the effects on physio‐biochemical, microbiological and sensory properties of juice recovered. The optimum and acceptable combination determined was 90 °C for 10 min. The physio‐biochemical parameters vis a vis pH (5.03), titratable acidity (0.198%), electrical conductivity (4.77 mScm−1), total soluble solids (20.67°B), sucrose (18.19%), reducing sugar (0.38%), total plate count (4.42 cfu ml−1), residual PPO activity (12.21%) and colour (L*, b*, chroma) along with sensory profile was most acceptable. A 9‐point hedonic ratings of blanched SCJ retained appearance (9), taste (9), aroma (8.8) and quantitative descriptive analysis showed a close resemblance with fresh sugarcane juice.
Ohmic baking of gluten‐free bread: role of non‐gluten protein on GF bread structure and properties
Authors: Waziiroh Elok , Bender Denisse , Jäger Henry , Schönlechner Regine 
Published: November 2022

SummaryBatter stabilisation presents a great challenge for gluten‐free (GF) bread, as CO2 is released during bread‐making process, resulting in small, dense and crumbly breads. Apart from starch, protein plays a crucial role in gas cell stabilisation. This study aims to assess the effect of non‐gluten protein from different sources (plant and animal) on GF batter's rheological behaviour (pasting properties, rheology and foam stability) and on bread properties after baking with conventional and ohmic heating method. Hence, this study evaluated the functional properties (protein solubility, hydrophobicity, sulfhydryl groups, foaming and emulsification properties) of selected non‐gluten protein relevant for foam stabilisation. Furthermore, a correlation matrix was established by involving the functional properties of the proteins and their interaction with starch on batter rheology and bread quality. Among proteins, egg albumin and potato proteins were reported to perform superior functionality in GF bread; in particular, potato protein generated breads with the highest volume for both baking methods, which was potential to replace egg albumin. According to the correlation matrix, protein solubility was required in foaming and emulsification behaviour to improve GF bread properties.
L‐histidine‐assisted ultrasound improved microstructure and gelation properties of reduced‐salt surimi (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) gel
Authors: Wu Wenmin , Jiang Qixing , Gao Pei , Yu Dawei , Yang Fang , Xu Yanshun , Xia Wenshui 
Published: November 2022

SummaryIn this study, the effect of several additives, including CaCl2, L‐histidine (L‐His) and sodium pyrophosphate, incorporation with ultrasound treatment on the gel properties of reduced‐salt surimi, was tested. Among these additives and ultrasound treatment times, 0.1% L‐His and 10‐min ultrasound alone were determined to be more effective in increasing the gel strength, water‐holding capacity (WHC) and reducing cooking loss (CL) of reduced‐salt (1% NaCl) surimi gel. L‐His and ultrasound alone or in combination could facilitate the transition of α‐helix to β‐sheet and random coil, thereby increasing hydrophobic interactions and disulfide bonds in the gel. The results of low‐field nuclear magnetic resonance showed that the proportion of immobilised water (PT22) in reduced‐salt surimi gel was significantly increased (P < 0.05). The storage modulus (G′) of reduced‐salt surimi gel was also increased. Moreover, scanning electron microscopy results showed that the gels treated with L‐His and ultrasound alone or in combination had a more compact network structure. Notably, the synergy of L‐His combined ultrasound treatment was the most effective in enhancing the characteristics of reduced‐salt surimi gel.
Autoclaving and ultrasonication for reducing digestible starch in cassava pulp: modification of cell wall composition, sorption properties, and resistant starch content
Authors: Strack Karen Nataly , García María Alejandra , Cabezas Darío Marcelino , Viña Sonia Zulma , Dini Cecilia 
Published: November 2022

SummaryAutoclaving (15 min, 121 °C, 1 atm overpressure) and high‐intensity ultrasound (3 pulses of 1 min, 750 W, 20 kHz, 80% amplitude) were evaluated individually or combined in cassava pulp to reduce the digestible starch and increase the fibre content. Ultrasound alone produced minimal modifications, and the subsequent autoclaving increased the oil‐binding capacity and swelling. Autoclaving alone significantly increased total dietary fibre (TDF) from 14.7% to 21.4%, and the ratio of hemicellulose to lignocellulose. It also reduced the extractable starch from 42.7% to 7.5% and the resistant starch from 7.4% to 3.1%. Despite the higher digestibility, the starch digestion rate with pancreatic α‐amylase was slower. Starch solubility increased at 25, 68, and 90 °C. Ultrasonication after autoclaving reduced the hemicellulose percentage, but the sorption properties remained unchanged. Resistant starch substantially increased to 39.9%, mainly composed of RS1 (inaccessible starch), and starch solubility decreased at the three temperatures assayed.
Preferences for lemon consumption by Mexicans and its relationship with consumer needs, emotions, and attitudes
Authors: Angel Cárdenas‐Cágal , Andrés Herrera‐Corredor J. , Salinas‐Ruiz Josafhat , Osorio‐Acosta Francisco , Hernández‐Rosas Francisco 
Published: November 2022

SummaryThe present study aimed to explore the preferences for lemon consumption, as well as the different reactions that consumers show regarding basic needs, emotions, and attitudes. A survey created with Google tools was distributed through social networks. A total of 522 responses were collected, 43% from males and 57% from females. The results showed that ‘juiciness’ was the most valued attribute (90%), followed by ‘green’ (58%), ‘seedless’ (44%), and ‘large’ (43%). The ‘fresh lemon’ form was the most preferred for lemon consumption (96%), followed by ‘lemon juice’ (39%). Lemon consumption was linked to physiological and safety needs; significant correlations (P < 0.05) were observed with age, occupation, and frequency of consumption. People over 40 years of age expressed complete agreement that lemon consumption satisfied their food needs. The attitudes shown about lemon consumption depended on sex and age. Females showed a more positive attitude than males towards the importance of lemon consumption, better facing different situations and considering the great benefits of the fruit. Similar behaviour was observed among those older than 40 years, who highlighted the benefits of the fruit. The main emotional traits that were manifested in lemon consumption were feeling good, satisfied, active, happy, and of good character.