bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of polygenic and environmental factors in the co-occurrence of depression and psychosis symptoms: a network analysis
Authors: Garcia-Mondragon Liliana , Konac Deniz , Newbury Joanne B. , Young Katherine S. , Ing Alex , Fürtjes Anna E. , Barker Edward D. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractDepression and psychosis are often comorbid; they also have overlapping genetic and environmental risk factors, including trauma and area-level exposures. The present study aimed to advance understanding of this comorbidity via a network approach, by (1) identifying bridge nodes that connect clusters of lifetime depression and psychosis symptoms and (2) evaluating the influence of polygenic and environmental risk factors in these symptoms. This study included data from European ancestry participants in UK Biobank, a large population-based sample (N = 77,650). In Step 1, a network model identified bridge nodes between lifetime symptoms of depression and psychosis and functional impairment. In Step 2, genetic and environmental risk factors were incorporated to examine the degree to which symptoms associated with polygenic risk scores for depression and schizophrenia, lifetime exposure to trauma and area-level factors (including deprivation, air pollution and greenspace). Feelings of worthlessness, beliefs in unreal conspiracy against oneself, depression impairment and psychosis impairment emerged as bridges between depression and psychosis symptoms. Polygenic risk scores for depression and schizophrenia were predominantly linked with depression and psychosis impairment, respectively, rather than with specific symptoms. Cumulative trauma emerged as a bridge node associating deprivation with feelings of worthlessness and beliefs in unreal conspiracy, indicating that the experience of trauma is prominently linked with the co-occurrence of depression and psychosis symptoms related to negative views of oneself and others. These key symptoms and risk factors provide insights into the lifetime co-occurrence of depression and psychosis.
FABP4 secreted by M1-polarized macrophages promotes synovitis and angiogenesis to exacerbate rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Guo Dong , Lin Chuangxin , Lu Yuheng , Guan Hong , Qi Weizhong , Zhang Hongbo , Shao Yan , Zeng Chun , Zhang Rongkai , Zhang Haiyan , Bai Xiaochun , Cai Daozhang 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIncreasing evidence shows that adipokines play a vital role in the development of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4), a novel adipokine that regulates inflammation and angiogenesis, has been extensively studied in a variety of organs and diseases. However, the effect of FABP4 on RA remains unclear. Here, we found that FABP4 expression was upregulated in synovial M1-polarized macrophages in RA. The increase in FABP4 promoted synovitis, angiogenesis, and cartilage degradation to exacerbate RA progression in vivo and in vitro, whereas BMS309403 (a FABP4 inhibitor) and anagliptin (dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitor) inhibited FABP4 expression in serum and synovial M1-polarized macrophages in mice to alleviate RA progression. Further studies showed that constitutive activation of mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) by TSC1 deletion specifically in the myeloid lineage regulated FABP4 expression in macrophages to exacerbate RA progression in mice. In contrast, inhibition of mTORC1 by ras homolog enriched in brain (Rheb1) disruption specifically in the myeloid lineage reduced FABP4 expression in macrophages to attenuate RA development in mice. Our findings established an essential role of FABP4 that is secreted by M1-polarized macrophages in synovitis, angiogenesis, and cartilage degradation in RA. BMS309403 and anagliptin inhibited FABP4 expression in synovial M1-polarized macrophages to alleviate RA development. Hence, FABP4 may represent a potential target for RA therapy.
Nano- to macro-scale control of 3D printed materials via polymerization induced microphase separation
Authors: Bobrin Valentin A. , Yao Yin , Shi Xiaobing , Xiu Yuan , Zhang Jin , Corrigan Nathaniel , Boyer Cyrille 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAlthough 3D printing allows the macroscopic structure of objects to be easily controlled, controlling the nanostructure of 3D printed materials has rarely been reported. Herein, we report an efficient and versatile process for fabricating 3D printed materials with controlled nanoscale structural features. This approach uses resins containing macromolecular chain transfer agents (macroCTAs) which microphase separate during the photoinduced 3D printing process to form nanostructured materials. By varying the chain length of the macroCTA, we demonstrate a high level of control over the microphase separation behavior, resulting in materials with controllable nanoscale sizes and morphologies. Importantly, the bulk mechanical properties of 3D printed objects are correlated with their morphologies; transitioning from discrete globular to interpenetrating domains results in a marked improvement in mechanical performance, which is ascribed to the increased interfacial interaction between soft and hard domains. Overall, the findings of this work enable the simplified production of materials with tightly controllable nanostructures for broad potential applications.
Gapless Dirac magnons in CrCl3
Authors: Schneeloch John A. , Tao Yu , Cheng Yongqiang , Daemen Luke , Xu Guangyong , Zhang Qiang , Louca Despina 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBosonic Dirac materials are testbeds for dissipationless spin-based electronics. In the quasi two-dimensional honeycomb lattice of CrX3 (X = Cl, Br, I), Dirac magnons have been predicted at the crossing of acoustical and optical spin waves, analogous to Dirac fermions in graphene. Here we show that, distinct from CrBr3 and CrI3, gapless Dirac magnons are present in bulk CrCl3, with inelastic neutron scattering intensity at low temperatures approaching zero at the Dirac K point. Upon warming, magnon-magnon interactions induce strong renormalization and decreased lifetimes, with a ~25% softening of the upper magnon branch intensity from 5 to 50 K, though magnon features persist well above TN. Moreover, on cooling below ~50 K, an anomalous increase in the a-axis lattice constant and a hardening of a ~26 meV phonon feature are observed, indicating magnetoelastic and spin-phonon coupling arising from an increase in the in-plane spin correlations that begins tens of Kelvin above TN.
Multi-marker DNA metabarcoding detects suites of environmental gradients from an urban harbour
Authors: Robinson Chloe V. , Porter Teresita M. , McGee Katie M. , McCusker Megan , Wright Michael T. G. , Hajibabaei Mehrdad 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThere is increasing need for biodiversity monitoring, especially in places where potential anthropogenic disturbance may significantly impact ecosystem health. We employed a combination of traditional morphological and bulk macroinvertebrate metabarcoding analyses to benthic samples collected from Toronto Harbour (Ontario, Canada) to compare taxonomic and functional diversity of macroinvertebrates and their responses to environmental gradients. At the species rank, sites assessed using COI metabarcoding showed more variation than sites assessed using morphological methods. Depending on the assessment method, we detected gradients in magnesium (morphological taxa), ammonia (morphological taxa, COI sequence variants), pH (18S sequence variants) as well as gradients in contaminants such as metals (COI & 18S sequence variants) and organochlorines (COI sequence variants). Observed responses to contaminants such as aromatic hydrocarbons and metals align with known patchy distributions in harbour sediments. We determined that the morphological approach may limit the detection of macroinvertebrate responses to lake environmental conditions due to the effort needed to obtain fine level taxonomic assignments necessary to investigate responses. DNA metabarcoding, however, need not be limited to macroinvertebrates, can be automated, and taxonomic assignments are associated with a certain level of accuracy from sequence variants to named taxonomic groups. The capacity to detect change using a scalable approach such as metabarcoding is critical for addressing challenges associated with biodiversity monitoring and ecological investigations.
In vitro study on efficacy of PHELA, an African traditional drug against SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Matsabisa M. G. , Alexandre K. , Ibeji Collins U. , Tripathy S. , Erukainure Ochuko L. , Malatji K. , Chauke S. , Okole B. , Chabalala H. P. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn 2019, coronavirus has made the third apparition in the form of SARS-CoV-2, a novel strain of coronavirus that is extremely pathogenic and it uses the same receptor as SARS-CoV, the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). However, more than 182 vaccine candidates have been announced; and 12 vaccines have been approved for use, although, even vaccinated individuals are still vulnerable to infection. In this study, we investigated PHELA, recognized as an herbal combination of four exotic African medicinal plants namely;Clerodendrum glabrum E. Mey.Lamiaceae, Gladiolus daleniivan Geel,Rotheca myricoides(Hochst.) Steane & Mabb, andSenna occidentalis(L.) Link; as a candidate therapy for COVID-19. In vitro testing found that PHELA inhibited > 90% of SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV infection at concentration levels of 0.005 mg/ml to 0.03 mg/ml and close to 100% of MERS-CoV infection at 0.1 mg/ml to 0.6 mg/ml. The in vitro average IC50of PHELA on SARS-COV-2, SARS-CoV and MERS-COV were ~ 0.01 mg/ml. Secondly in silico docking studies of compounds identified in PHELA showed very strong binding energy interactions with the SARS-COV-2 proteins. Compound 5 showed the highest affinity for SARS-COV-2 protein compared to other compounds with the binding energy of − 6.8 kcal mol−1. Our data showed that PHELA has potential and could be developed as a COVID-19 therapeutic.
A dynamic assessment of various non-Newtonian models for ternary hybrid nanomaterial involving partially ionized mechanism
Authors: Nazir Umar , Sohail Muhammad , Kumam Poom , Sitthithakerngkiet Kanokwan , Mousa Abd Allah A. , Khan Muhammad Jahangir , Galal Ahmed M. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe dynamic of fluids and coolants in automobiles are achieved by enhancement in heat energy using ternary hybrid nanostructures. Ternary hybrid nanomaterial is obtained by suspension of three types of nanofluid (aluminum oxide, silicon dioxide and titanium dioxide) in base fluid (EG). Prime investigation is to address comparison study in thermal energy involving various flow models termed as Maxwell fluid and Williamson fluid. This exploration is carried out by partially ionized fluidic particles in the presence of ternary hybrid nanomaterial over cone. Heat transfer is carried out by heat source and thermal radiation. Equations regarding Ordinary differential are achieved from PDEs using variable transformations. The numerical consequences are obtained implementing finite element method. Flow into fluid particles is enhanced versus higher values of Hall and ion slip parameters. Thermal performance as well as flow performance for the case Williamson fluid is better than for case of Maxwell fluid. Production via energy is boosted versus heat source parameter.
Retrospective evaluation of early thrombosis in transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic polytetrafluoroethylene-coated shunts under 2-day postinterventional heparinization
Authors: Goessmann Holger , Schuffenhauer Verna , Kandulski Arne , Weigand Kilian , Jung Ernst-Michael , Uller Wibke , Scharf Gregor , Stroszczynski Cristian , Verloh Niklas 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe development of acute thrombosis within the TIPS tract may be prevented by prophylactic anticoagulation; however, there is no evidence of the correct anticoagulation regimen after TIPS placement. The purpose of this single-center retrospective study was to evaluate the short-term occlusion rate of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts (TIPSs) with polytetrafluorethylene (PTFE)-coated stents under consequent periprocedural full heparinization (target partial thromboplastin time [PTT]: 60–80 s). We analyzed TIPS placements that were followed up over a six-month period by Doppler ultrasound in 94 patients and compared the study group of 54 patients who received intravenous periprocedural full heparinization (target PTT: 60–80 s) without any other anticoagulation to patients with prolonged anticoagulation medication. The primary endpoint was TIPS patency after six months. The primary patency rate was 88.3% overall, and in the study group, 90.7%, with an early thrombosis rate of 3.2% (study group: 1.9%) and a primary assisted patency rate of 95.7% (study group: 96.3%). In the study group, one case of TIPS thrombosis occurred on the 23rd day after TIPS placement. Two patients underwent reintervention because of stenosis or buckling. Moreover, the target PTT was not attained in 8 of the 54 patent TIPSs. Four patients had an increased portosystemic pressure gradient, without stenosis, and the flow rate was corrected by increasing the TIPS diameter by dilation. Two-day heparinization seems sufficient to avoid early TIPS thrombosis over a six-month period.
Potential generation of nano-sized mist by passing a solution through dielectric barrier discharge
Authors: Watanabe Ryosuke , Tanaka Shiori , Miyaji Godai , Yoshino Daisuke 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPlasma medicine, a therapeutic technology that uses atmospheric-pressure plasma, is attracting much attention as an innovative tool for the medical field. Most of the plasma biomedical tools use direct effects, such as heat, optical stimulation, and reactive chemical species, on the lesion. Nanoparticulation techniques using indirect action by plasma, i.e., generation of electric fields, have the potential to be applied to promote transdermal absorption, where drugs pass through the barrier function of skin and penetrate into internal tissues. Here, we show a method to directly generate the nano-sized mist by passing a solution through the dielectric barrier discharge. This method enables us to produce the mist potentially in the nanometer size range for both water-based and oil-based solutions. Ease of mist generation was influenced by the plasma-induced changes in physical and chemical characteristics, including electrical conductivity, viscosity, and chemical species. We anticipate the developed method for nano-sized mist generation to provide a technique in the applications of the transdermal absorption system, including those related to pharmaceuticals and cosmetics.
The timing, duration and magnitude of the 8.2 ka event in global speleothem records
Authors: Parker Sarah E. , Harrison Sandy P. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAbrupt events are a feature of many palaeoclimate records during the Holocene. The best example is the 8.2 ka event, which was triggered by a release of meltwater into the Labrador Sea and resulted in a weakening of poleward heat transport in the North Atlantic. We use an objective method to identify rapid climate events in globally distributed speleothem oxygen isotope records during the Holocene. We show that the 8.2 ka event can be identified in >70% of the speleothem records and is the most coherent signal of abrupt climate change during the last 12,000 years. The isotopic changes during the event are regionally homogenous: positive oxygen isotope anomalies are observed across Asia and negative anomalies are seen across Europe, the Mediterranean, South America and southern Africa. The magnitude of the isotopic excursions in Europe and Asia are statistically indistinguishable. There is no significant difference in the duration and timing of the 8.2 ka event between regions, or between the speleothem records and Greenland ice core records. Our study supports a rapid and global climate response to the 8.2 ka freshwater pulse into the North Atlantic, likely transmitted globally via atmospheric teleconnections.
Negative autoregulation controls size scaling in confined gene expression reactions
Authors: Maeda Yusuke T. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractGene expression via transcription-translation is the most fundamental reaction to sustain biological systems, and complex reactions occur in a small compartment of living cells. There is increasing evidence that physical effects, such as molecular crowding or excluded volume effects of transcriptional-translational machinery, affect the yield of reaction products. On the other hand, transcriptional feedback that controls gene expression during mRNA synthesis is also a vital mechanism that regulates protein synthesis in cells. However, the excluded volume effect of spatial constraints on feedback regulation is not well understood. Here, we study the confinement effect on transcriptional autoregulatory feedbacks of gene expression reactions using a theoretical model. The excluded volume effects between molecules and the membrane interface suppress the gene expression in a small cell-sized compartment. We find that negative feedback regulation at the transcription step mitigates this size-induced gene repression and alters the scaling relation of gene expression level on compartment volume, approaching the regular scaling relation without the steric effect. This recovery of regular size-scaling of gene expression does not appear in positive feedback regulation, suggesting that negative autoregulatory feedback is crucial for maintaining reaction products constant regardless of compartment size in heterogeneous cell populations.
Symptoms associated with healthcare resource utilization in the setting of inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Bogale Kaleb , Maheshwari Parth , Kang Mitchell , Gorrepati Venkata Subhash , Dalessio Shannon , Walter Vonn , Stuart August , Koltun Walter , Bernasko Nana , Tinsley Andrew , Williams Emmanuelle D. , Clarke Kofi , Coates Matthew D. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSeveral symptoms have been connected to increased healthcare resource utilization (HRU) in the context of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including both Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). This study was designed to investigate the prevalence of IBD-associated symptoms and to determine whether any are independently associated with HRU. We undertook a retrospective analysis of data related to consecutive IBD patient encounters from a tertiary care referral center between 1/1/2015 and 8/31/2019. Demographics, clinical activity, endoscopic severity, IBD-related symptom scores, anxiety and depression scores, and other key clinical data were abstracted. Four hundred sixty-seven IBD patients [247f.: 220 m; 315 CD, 142 UC and 11 indeterminate colitis] were included in this study. The most common symptoms were fatigue (83.6%), fecal urgency (68.2%) and abdominal pain (63.5%). Fatigue, abdominal pain, anxiety or depression, corticosteroids, and opioids were each positively associated with HRU, while NSAID and mesalamine use were inversely associated on bivariate analysis. The only factor that demonstrated a statistically significant association with HRU in the whole cohort on multivariable analysis was abdominal pain. Abdominal pain is independently associated with HRU and should be specifically screened for in IBD patients to identify individuals at risk of undergoing expensive interventions. This study also reinforces the importance of optimizing diagnostic and therapeutic management of abdominal pain in IBD.
Homologous chromosome associations in domains before meiosis could facilitate chromosome recognition and pairing in wheat
Authors: Barea Lorena , Redondo-Río Álvaro , Lucena-Marín Rafael , Serrano-Heredia Salud , Aguilar Miguel , Prieto Pilar 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe increasing human population demands an increase in crop yields that must be implemented through breeding programmes to ensure a more efficient and sustainable production of agro-food products. In the framework of breeding, genetic crosses are developed between cultivated species such as wheat and their relative species that are used as genetic donors to transfer desirable agronomic traits into the crop. Unfortunately, interspecific associations between chromosomes from the donor species and the cultivar are rare during meiosis, the process to produce gametes in organisms with sexual reproduction, hampering the transfer of genetic variability into wheat. In addition, little is known about how homologous (equivalent) chromosomes initiate interaction and recognition within the cell nucleus to enter meiosis. In this context, we aim to get insight into wheat chromatin structure, particularly the distribution of homologous chromosomes within the cell nucleus and their putative interactions in premeiotic stages to facilitate chromosome associations and recombination at the beginning of meiosis. Cytogenetics allows the study of both the structure and the behaviour of chromosomes during meiosis and is key in plant breeding. In this study we visualized an extra pair of barley homologous chromosomes in a wheat genetic background to study the spatial distribution, arrangements and interactions occurring exclusively between this pair of homologous chromosomes during premeiosis using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Our results suggest that homologous chromosomes can initiate interactions in premeiotic stages that could facilitate the processes of specific chromosome recognition and association occurring at the onset of meiosis.
Simultaneous production and sustainable eutectic mixture based purification of narringinase with Bacillus amyloliquefaciens by valorization of tofu wastewater
Authors: Balaraman Harishbabu , Purushotaman C. , Chandramouliswaran K. , Rathnasamy Senthilkumar 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe current investigation is being executed for sustainable one-pot production and purification of naringinase using natural deep eutectic solvent-based extractive fermentation. Five natural deep eutectic solvents were prepared and their physicochemical properties were determined as a function of temperature. Tofu wastewater was used as a low-cost substrate for naringinase production and simultaneous in-situ purification of the enzyme was accomplished by employing NADES. Optimal conditions of influential factors like concentrations of NADES (74.5% w/w), Na2SO4 (15% w/v) and tofu wastewater (1.5% w/w) resulted in an effective yield of naringinase (249.6 U/ml). Scale-up of naringinase production with a 3 l custom made desktop bioreactor was accomplished and effective regeneration of NADES was established. NADES exhibits selectivity during extraction even after the fifth cycle proving it to be tailor-made. The resulting active enzyme was quantified by size exclusion chromatography (736.85 U/mg). Ultrapure enzyme fraction was obtained with anion exchange chromatography yielding maximum purity of (63.2 U/ml) and specific naringinase activity of (3516 U/mg). The in-vitro debittering activity of the resulting ultrapure enzyme fraction was determined with grape juice resulting in naringin and limonin removal of [23.4% (w/w)] and [64.3% (w/w)] respectively.