bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Small extracellular vesicles from dental follicle stem cells provide biochemical cues for periodontal tissue regeneration
Authors: Ma Liya , Rao Nanquan , Jiang Hui , Dai Yuzhe , Yang Songtao , Yang Hefeng , Hu Jiangtian 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Treatments based on stem cell-derived small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) have been explored as an alternative to stem cell transplantation-based therapies in periodontal regeneration. Dental follicle stem cells (DFSCs) have shown great potential for regenerative medicine applications. However, it is unclear whether sEVs derived from DFSCs (DFSCs-sEVs) could be used in periodontal regeneration. This study investigates whether DFSCs-sEVs could regenerate damaged periodontal tissue and the potential underlying mechanism.

Methods
DFSCs-sEVs were isolated and identified, and periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) were cocultured with the isolated sEVs. The effect of DFSCs-sEVs on the biological behaviour of PDLSCs was examined using EdU assay, CCK-8 assay, cell cycle analysis, wound healing, alizarin red staining, qRT-PCR, and western blot analysis. RNA sequencing and functional enrichment analysis were used to detect the signal pathway involved in the effect of DFSCs-sEVs on PDLSCs. PDLSCs were pretreated with ERK1/2 or p38 MAPK inhibitors to investigate the possible involvement of the ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK pathways. Additionally, DFSCs-sEVs were combined with collagen sponges and transplanted into the periodontal defects in SD rats, and then, pathological changes in periodontal tissue were examined using haematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining and micro-CT.

Results
PDLSCs could internalize DFSCs-sEVs, thereby enhancing the proliferation assessed using EdU assay, CCK-8 assay and cell cycle analysis. DFSCs-sEVs significantly enhanced the migration of PDLSCs. DFSCs-sEVs promoted osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs, showing deep Alizarin red staining, upregulated osteogenic genes (RUNX2, BSP, COL1), and upregulated protein expression (RUNX2, BSP, COL1, ALP). We found that p38 MAPK signalling was activated via phosphorylation. Inhibition of this signalling pathway with a specific inhibitor (SB202190) partially weakened the enhanced proliferation. After DFSCs-sEVs transplantation, new periodontal ligament-like structures and bone formation were observed in the damaged periodontal area in rats. Labelled DFSCs-sEVs were observed in the newly formed periodontal ligament and soft tissue of the defect area.

Conclusions
Our study demonstrated that DFSCs-sEVs promoted periodontal tissue regeneration by promoting the proliferation, migration, and osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs. The effect of DFSCs-sEVs in promoting PDLSCs proliferation may be partially attributed to the activation of p38 MAPK signalling pathway. DFSCs-sEVs provide us with a novel strategy for periodontal regeneration in the future.
Serotyping, antibiogram, and detection of bacterial pathogens associated with bovine respiratory disease in selected areas of Ethiopia
Authors: Akalu Mirtneh , Vemulapati BhadraMurthy , Abayneh Takele , Degefa Teferi , Deresse Getaw , Gelaye Esayas 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Bovine Respiratory Disease (BRD) is a multifactorial and economically important illness of cattle. The current study was designed to characterize the major bacterial pathogens associated with BRD and determine the antibiotic susceptibility patterns of isolates. Samples were collected from 400 pneumonic cases of cattle.

Results
Laboratory assay revealed isolation of 376 (94.0%) bacterial pathogens. The most prevalent bacterial pathogens recovered were Mannheimia haemolytica (M. haemolytica) followed by Pasteurella multocida (P. multocida), Histophilus somni (H. somni), and Bibersteinia trehalosi (B. trehalosi) from 191 (50.80%), 81 (21.54%), 56 (14.89%), and 48 (12.77%) samples, respectively. M. haemolytica strains were confirmed using multiplex PCR assay through the amplification of PHSSA (~ 325 bp) and Rpt2 (~ 1022 bp) genes. Capsular typing of P. multocida revealed amplification of serogroup A (hyaD-hyaC) gene (~ 1044 bp) and serogroup D (dcbF) gene (~ 657 bp). B. trehalosi isolates displayed amplification of the sodA gene (~ 144 bp). Besides, serotyping of M. haemolytica showed the distribution of serotype A:1 (82.20%), A:2 (10.47%), and A:6 (7.33%). Whereas, biotyping of P. multocida revealed a higher prevalence of biotype A:3 (83.95%), then A:1 (8.64%), A:2 (4.94%), and A:12 (2.47%). The majority of the retrieved isolates showed remarkable susceptibility to enrofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, florfenicol, and ceftiofur (100%). Besides, varying degree of antimicrobial resistance was observed against streptomycin, gentamicin, penicillin-G, and ampicillin.

Conclusions
The current findings confirmed that M. haemolytica (A:1) strain is the most common bacterial pathogen identified from BRD cases in the study areas of Ethiopia. Hence, continuous outbreak monitoring and evaluation of antibiotics susceptibility patterns of bacterial pathogens associated with BRD are indispensable to reduce the impact of BRD in the study areas. Further investigation of bacterial pathogens and genotypic analysis of pathogens from a wider area of the country is essential to design a cost-efficient control strategy.
Asymptotic equivalence relations for rapidly varying solutions of sublinear differential equations of Emden–Fowler type
Authors: Manojlović Jelena , Milošević Jelena 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe discuss sublinear differential equations of the Emden–Fowler type $x''=q(t) x^{\gamma }$

x
″

=
q
(
t
)

x
γ

under the assumption that the coefficient q is a rapidly varying function. We show that all of their strongly decreasing and strongly increasing solutions are rapidly varying functions and are in the asymptotic equivalence relation with a precisely defined function determined by the coefficient q.
Knowledge and perception on antimicrobial resistance and antibiotics prescribing attitude among physicians and nurses in Lambaréné region, Gabon: a call for setting-up an antimicrobial stewardship program
Authors: Adegbite Bayode Romeo , Edoa Jean Ronald , Schaumburg Frieder , Alabi Abraham S. , Adegnika Ayola Akim , Grobusch Martin P. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Africa is challenged by the emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). In order to improve patient management and to optimise approaches to curb the spread of antimicrobial resistance, we examined knowledge and perceptions of AMR and antibiotics prescription practices of HCW (healthcare workers) in Lambaréné, Gabon.

Methods
We conducted a self-administered, questionnaire-based survey in HCW at the regional referral hospital, a medical research centre, and peripheral health care facilities. The proportions of correct responses to questions were determined and compared between physicians and nurses using Fisher’s Exact test.

Results
A total of 47 HCW took part in the survey. Of those, 64% (30/47) recognised antibiotic resistance as a major public health issue in Gabon, but only 14/47 (30%) recognised it as a problem in their health facility. Of note, 37/47 (79%) recognised excessive use of antibiotics without microbiological confirmation in case of infection, and buying antibiotics without a prescription, as possible cause of antimicrobial resistance. Some HCW (28%; 13/47) reported having prescribed antibiotics because the patients asked for them; and a total of 15/47 (32%) responded that antibiotics could help patients recover faster when added to malaria treatment. Compared to nurses, most of the physicians recognised that excessive use of antibiotics without microbiological confirmation of infection could contribute to AMR spread (18/19 (95%) vs 19/28 (68%); p = 0.028).

Conclusion
Most HCW recognised AMR as public health issue. However, a quarter of the participants did not know about the causes fostering the emergence of antimicrobial resistance. There is a need to perform regular HCW training in antimicrobial prescription, and to set up an antimicrobial stewardship program.
Determinants of market participation among smallholder farmers in Southwest Ethiopia: double-hurdle model approach
Authors: Haile Kusse , Gebre Engida , Workye Agegnehu 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Agricultural production by smallholder farm households is a means of livelihood for many rural households in developing economies, including Africa. Commercializing smallholder farmers in the agricultural sector is an indispensable path to boost economic growth and development of most developing countries, like Ethiopia. But, maize marketing has not been given due attention, which has potential production volume and marketability. Therefore, this study is designed to identify determinants of market participation decision and volume of supply among smallholder maize producer farmers in Southwest Ethiopia.

Methods
Data for this study were collected through cross‑sectional survey from maize producer farm households. The primary data were generated by household survey using a pre-tested structured questionnaire. A both purposive and random sampling technique was used to draw an appropriate sample of 546 maize producer households for this cross-sectional survey study. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and double-hurdle econometric model.

Results
The result of the survey indicates that out of total 546 maize producers, 381 households are maize market participants and 165 households are non-participants. First hurdle model results show that nine variables—education level, farming experience, quantity of maize produced, cooperative membership, distance to nearest market, amount of credit received, off/non-farming income, number of oxen and perception about lagged price—significantly affect the market participation decision among maize producer farmers. The second hurdle result confirmed that seven variables—sex, family size, land allocated for maize, number of oxen, distance to nearest market, livestock holding and perception about lagged price—significantly affect the level of market participation by maize producer farmers.

Conclusion
The findings of this study revealed that understanding the factors and its extent is very important for policy-making to address the problem of market participation decision and level of participation among smallholder farm households. Therefore, the study suggests that important resource and socio-economic factors must take into consideration to enhance the productivity and strength supportive institutions or infrastructural facilities in the study area to improve market participation decision and level of participation of smallholders.
The efficacy of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing in reducing anxiety among female university students with primary dysmenorrhea
Authors: Valedi Sahar , MoradiBaglooei Mohammad , Ranjbaran Mehdi , Chegini Venus , Griffiths Mark D. , Alimoradi Zainab 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Unpleasant experiences of dysmenorrhea can lead to increased anxiety. The anxiety associated with dysmenorrhea is a pain-related anxiety which might reduce the efficacy of medication as well as enhance the perception of pain. The present study evaluated the efficacy of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) in reducing anxiety among female university students with primary dysmenorrhea.

Methods
In this randomized controlled trial, 88 female university students were recruited from April 2019 to February 2020. Eligible participants were selected by convenience sampling and were allocated into study groups (44 individuals in the intervention group and comparison group) using balanced block randomization. The final sample comprised 78 participants who completed the study (39 individuals in each group). Data were collected using the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, Subjective Units of Distress Scale, and Validity of Cognition Scale before the intervention and at the time of the first menstrual period after completion of the intervention. The intervention group received EMDR in two individual interventional sessions which lasted approximately one hour. Data analysis was performed using analysis of variance with control of covariance method at a significance level of 0.05.

Results
The results of the study showed that EMDR did not have a statistically significant effect on State-Trait Anxiety of patients with dysmenorrhea (p > 0.05). Based on the Cohen’s d effect size of 0.06 for state-anxiety, -0.01 for trait-anxiety, and partial eta square less than 0.059 for both uncorrected and corrected models, the intervention was within a trivial effect.

Conclusion
EMDR intervention did not have a statistically and clinically significant effect on State-Trait Anxiety of patients with dysmenorrhea. Therefore, the efficacy of EMDR in treating dysmenorrhea-related anxiety remains inconclusive.
Trial registration IRCT20180823040851N2 on 2019-02-09.
Identification of pigments used in a Qajar manuscript from Iran by using atomic and molecular spectroscopy and technical photography methods
Authors: Koochakzaei Alireza , Alizadeh Gharetapeh Samane , Jelodarian Bidgoli Behrooz 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The present study aimed to identify pigments used in writing and decorating a Qur'an manuscript related to the early years of the Qajar era, a royal dynasty ruling over Iran from 1789 to 1925. The pigments were analysed using µ-XRF, SEM–EDS, Raman, and FTIR spectroscopy. Also, various technical photography methods were used to study the pigments including visible-reflected (VIS), infrared photography (IR), ultraviolet-reflected (UVR), and ultraviolet-induced visible luminescence (UVL) along with infrared false color (IRFC) and ultraviolet false color (UVFC) methods. Carbon black, red lead, and indigo were identified as black ink, orange, and blue pigments, respectively. A mixture of red lead and vermilion was also detected in the red/orange ink. White lead and calcite were also used as additives in blue color. A cochineal-based pigment was also used as red ink in some parts of the manuscript. However, the evaluation of golden color showed two types pigments of gold and brass alloys in different parts of the manuscript. Copper carboxylate was identified as the product of the destruction of this pigment. According to the results of the study, technical photography methods along with spectroscopic methods are a good tool to examine manuscripts and identify included pigments and reduce the amount of possible error and the need for destructive sampling.
The cotton bollworm (Helicoverpa armigera) and Azuki bean beetle (Callosobruchus chinensis): major chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) production challenges on smallholder farmers in Ethiopia
Authors: Fite Tarekegn , Tefera Tadele 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundChickpea (Cicer arietinumL.) is one of the most principally important legume crops in Ethiopia. Its production is mainly constrained by insect pests. Dissemination of updated information on its status and addressing alternative management options are important.Main bodyThis article reviews the research status of the cotton bollworm (Helicoverpa armigera) and Azuki bean beetle (Callosobruchus chinensis) in chickpea, focusing on their distributions, host range, nature of the damage, biology, and their management practices.Helicoverpa armigeraunder field conditions andC. chinensisduring storage are the most challenging insect pests of chickpea production in Ethiopia.ConclusionManagements of these two major insect pests are achieved through the use of cultural control, host plant resistance, botanical control, biological control, and chemical insecticides. Future research should focus on low-input IPM approaches that encompass all locally available and use of affordable insect pest management methods in Ethiopia.
The consumption of tea and coffee in Turkey and emerging new trends
Authors: Yildirim Oya , Karaca Oya Berkay 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe aim of this study is to determine the tea and coffee consumption habits of individuals in Adana and İzmir and to identify how the new trends are effective in consumption patterns. Therefore, the research is based on a comparison of two cities with distinctive culinary culture. Questionnaire technique was used to collect the data. Surveys were administered to 806 people in Adana and İzmir, Turkey. The research shows that tea is preferred in Adana (63.3%), whereas participants in İzmir opt for coffee (53.4%). The ratio of tasting international regional coffees is higher in İzmir than in Adana. In both cities, black tea and Turkish coffee are among the most consumed drinks. Despite the increasing tendency of foreign beverages due to the impact of globalization, the local people kept their interest in tea and Turkish coffee drink which is a component of the national intangible cultural heritage of Turkey. It is recommended that foreign businesses should include these traditional drinks on the menu.
Role of global femoral cartilage in assessing severity of primary knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Khalil Naylan Fayez Wahba , El-sherif Sherine , El Hamid Mowaffak Moustafa Abd , Elnemr Rehab , Taleb Raghda Saad Zaghloul 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackground/objectiveOsteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease marked by structural changes in the joint. Radiological evaluation can be used to assess structural changes. Pain, inflammation, and stiffness are common clinical symptoms, leading to limitations in daily activities. Ultrasound, unlike traditional radiography, allows for a direct examination of changes in soft tissues. In addition, it is sensitive in detecting osteophytes as well as identifying early OA changes in femoral cartilage associated with clinical manifestations and function.ResultsA cross- sectional study of 40 patients with primary KOA diagnosed according to the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria. After radiographic evaluation using Kellgren-Lawrence (K-L) scale and US examination assessing global femoral hyaline cartilage (GFC), osteophytes, meniscal extrusion, effusion, and Baker’s cyst of the most symptomatic knee, there was significant correlation between (K-L) grading and (GFC) ultrasonographic grading (p = < 0.001). After assessment of pain and functional disability using Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) scale, there was significant correlation between KL and GFC grading with age (p = < 0.001 for both), disease duration (p = < 0.001 for both) as well as WOMAC total scores (p = < 0.001 for both). GFC grading was the only independent predictor relative to other ultrasonographic variables for WOMAC total score (p = < 0.001).ConclusionsUS is a valid tool to evaluate knee joint space and is well correlated with radiographic images. KOA severity assessed by KL grading and GFC ultrasonographic grading showed good correlation with age, duration of the disease, pain intensity, and functional disability.
Sleep quality and neurohormonal and psychophysiological accompanying factors in adolescents with depressive disorders: study protocol
Authors: Krempel Rebekka , Schleicher Daniel , Jarvers Irina , Ecker Angelika , Brunner Romuald , Kandsperger Stephanie 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundDepressive disorders are common mental health problems during adolescence. Many adolescents with depression describe difficulties with sleeping. Findings of previous studies regarding changes in objective sleep quality in adolescents with depressive disorders are heterogeneous.AimsThis study aims to investigate differences in objective and subjective sleep quality between adolescents with depressive disorders and healthy peers, and to evaluate if potential changes in sleep occur concurrently with changes in the release of cortisol and alpha-amylase after awakening.MethodThis non-interventional parallel study examines correlations between depressive disorders, sleep quality and release of stress hormones. Sleep quality in the past 2 weeks, severity of depressive symptoms, psychiatric comorbidities and stress response of 30 adolescents with depressive disorders and 30 healthy controls (N = 60) are assessed via questionnaires. In participants’ home environments, the objective sleep quality of seven consecutive nights is measured by sleep accelerometry. After awakening, participants answer sleep questionnaires to examine the subjective sleep quality of those nights. Furthermore, salivary cortisol and alpha-amylase are measured three times after awakening (+0 min, +30 min and +45 min after awakening).ConclusionsSleep is an important factor for prognosis and well-being in adolescents with depression. The results of this study can be highly valuable to integrate a more detailed examination of sleep quality and sleeping impairments in the treatment of adolescent depressive disorders.
Non-thermal effects on decay of Lorentzian Trivelpiece-Gould waves
Authors: Lee Myoung-Jae , Park In Sun , Hong Sunghoon , Chung Kyu-Sun , Jung Young-Dae 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The non-thermal effects on the low-frequency ion-acoustic Trivelpiece-Gould (TG) wave are examined in a Lorentzian weakly ionized dusty plasma waveguide such as the Hanyang University Diverter Plasma Simulator-2 (DiPS-2). By using the normal mode analysis and the separation of variables, the dispersion relation and the damping modes are obtained for the low-frequency ion-acoustic TG wave in a Lorentzian weakly ionized dusty plasma waveguide. With typical conditions of DiPS-2 such as plasma density

, ion-neutral collision frequency

, electron temperature

, and ion temperature

, the following is found: 1) the magnitude of the damping rates of the low-frequency ion-acoustic TG wave in Lorentzian plasmas are always greater than those in Maxwellian plasmas; 2) the ion-acoustic TG wave for the first harmonic mode can also be existed for the shortest period of time; 3) the ion-acoustic TG wave in a smaller waveguide can be existed for a wide range of the wave number; and 4) the non-thermal character of a Lorentzian plasma enhances the anti-symmetric behavior of the damping rate for the ion-acoustic TG wave.