bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mechanical, thermal, and acoustical studies on natural alternative material for partition walls: A novel experimental investigation
Authors: Prabhakaran Sivalingam , Sharma Shubham , Verma Akarsh , Rangappa Sanjay Mavinkere , Siengchin Suchart 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe construction industry shows great interest in the use of technologically advanced materials which are light, environmentally friendly, possess high strength and durability for floors, roofs, partitions, etc. Apart from mechanical properties, the material should also possess excellent thermal and acoustic properties. In the same context, the aim of this study is to explore the flexural‐strength, thermal‐conductivity, flame resistance, and sound‐absorption capabilities of natural based material made with jute fiber and agglomerated cork. The natural based partition wall (jute board [JB]) was manufactured using vacuum bag molding process. Other alternative materials used in this study for comparison are gypsum and particle boards. A flexural test was carried out and it was observed that the JB has 80% of higher flexural strength than other test samples. It is also having lower thermal conductivity of 52.8% and 43.3% than gypsum and particle board, respectively. The JB have 35% and 10% higher sound absorption capabilities than gypsum and particle board, respectively. This is attributed to the multi‐scale arrangement and cellular structure of jute fiber and cork material. This study recommends that, if flame resistance of jute fiber is enhanced with help of flame retardants, JB that is, jute/cork sandwich panel could be an environmentally appealing alternative answer for use in the construction of partition walls.
Qualitative and quantitative analysis of the major components in Qinghao Biejia decoction by UPLC‐Orbitrap Fusion‐MS/MS and UPLC‐QQQ‐MS/MS and evaluation of their antibacterial activities
Authors: Cheng Xin , Li Biao‐Ping , Han Zhong‐Xiao , Zhang Feng‐Lin , Jiang Zhi‐Rui , Yang Jia‐Shun , Luo Qi‐Zhi , Tang Ling 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectiveIn the present study, the chemical components of Qinghao Biejia decoction (QBD) were qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed using UPLC‐Orbitrap Fusion‐MS/MS and UPLC‐QQQ‐MS/MS techniques, followed by identification of each component's origin and evaluation of the antibacterial activity of QBD and its components.MethodsHigh‐resolution mass spectrometry was used to obtain information on the precise molecular weight, retention time, and fragmentation ion peaks of the compounds used to identify the components of QBD and establish a method for their quantification. In vitro assays including determination of the minimal inhibitory concentration and growth curves were used to assess the antibacterial activity of QBD and its components.ResultsA total of 39 components, including fatty acids, phenolic acids, amino acids, flavonoids, coumarins, terpenoids, and alkaloids, were identified by UPLC‐Orbitrap Fusion‐MS/MS. A high‐performance analytical method was also established to quantify 12 components of QBD. The content of mangiferin was relatively high (estimated to be 814 μg/g). The results of the antibacterial assays indicated that mangiferin exhibits antibacterial effects against two strains causing respiratory tract infections.ConclusionsThe present study suggests that mangiferin may serve as a natural compound which shows high antibacterial activity. The results can aid the discovery and analysis of the active antimicrobial components present in QBD and further provide a reference for quality assessment of multi‐component herbal prescriptions.
An application of the standardised reference extract quantification strategy in the quality control of ginseng infusions by liquid chromatography with mass spectrometric detection
Authors: Semenova Irina , Bryskina Diana , Cvetanović Kljakić Aleksandra , Ražić Slavica , Ananiev Vasiliy , Rodin Igor , Shpigun Oleg , Stavrianidi Andrey 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIntroductionLimited availability of individual standards is a bottleneck for quality control of functional foods and natural medicines. The use of standard mixtures or secondary standards is a possible alternative in this case. Earlier, an approach known as standardised reference extract (RE) strategy was introduced for HPLC‐UV analysis of different plant materials; however, its application in HPLC‐MS analysis has not been investigated.ObjectiveTo establish an HPLC‐MS‐based RE method for determination of ginsenoside content in ginseng infusions using commercially available extract reference material of Panax quinquefolius L.ResultsThe developed HPLC‐MS method was validated as precise (1.1%–9.4% intra‐day variation; 1.6%–12.8% inter‐day variation) and highly sensitive [limit of detection (LOD): 1–40 ng/mL; limit of quantification (LOQ): 4–120 ng/mL]. The stability of samples was satisfactory (5.7%–16.3%). The RE quantification method was compared with the external standard method, and the obtained difference was not significant, mostly in the range of 5%–10%. Matrix effects for the diluted samples of RE and ginseng infusions, determined via the standard addition method, were in the range of 85%–115% and 80%–126%, respectively, and were also positively correlated with the ginsenoside concentration. Eleven batches of ginseng infusions from different manufacturers were analysed using the established method.ConclusionThe method for HPLC‐MS‐based ginsenoside quantification using RE as a secondary standard was established for the first time. The results of this study demonstrate that the application of the standardised RE strategy in HPLC‐MS can minimise the matrix effect‐related error in addition to the cost‐effective quality control of herbal products, foods, and traditional medicines.
Parental origins of the cultivated tetraploid sour cherry (Prunus cerasus L.)
Authors: Bird Kevin A. , Jacobs MacKenzie , Sebolt Audrey , Rhoades Kathleen , Alger Elizabeth I. , Colle Marivi , Alekman Mitchell L. , Bies Paulina K. , Cario Adare J. , Chigurupati Ramya S. , Collazo Delaney R. , Finley Savannah , Garland Brooke , Hein Kaitlyn M. , Hicks Jailyn , Hillenberg Annie R. , Kado Lawrence I. , Kilian Vanessa R. , Longueuil Philip F. , Mahesha Vibha , Mervak Charlie , Munsell Kat , Patel Roshan M. , Peters Nicole M. L. , Steffes Megan O. , Suryadevara Sathvik , Thummalapally Akshita , Urban Grace , Walia Aditya K. , Wirsing Taylor B. , McKain Michael R. , Iezzoni Amy F. , Edger Patrick P. 
Published: May 2022

Societal impact statementSour cherry (Prunus cerasus L.) is an agriculturally valuable tree that produces fruits used in a range of culinary dishes, beverages, and other products. The progenitor species and number of origins of sour cherry remain unresolved. Here, we performed phylogenetic analyses of plastid genomes and nuclear genes from nine wild species and three historically important sour cherry cultivars. Our analyses identified Prunus fruticosa and Prunus avium as the closest extant relatives of the progenitor species of tetraploid sour cherry. Furthermore, our analyses revealed P. fruticosa as the likely maternal contributor. These findings and transcriptomic datasets should serve as valuable new resources to guide future breeding efforts in sour cherry.
HIDEA syndrome: A rare cause of congenital hypoventilation in a premature infant
Authors: Lim Alicia May , Tan Pih Lin , Visruthan Nirmal Kavalloor , Fong Nikki , Viegelmann Guadalupe Cara , Tan Yi Hua 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundHIDEA (hypotonia, hypoventilation, intellectual disability, dysautonomia, epilepsy and eye abnormalities) syndrome is a rare and novel disease. We describe a premature patient who required extensive work up for his hypoventilation with a diagnosis of HIDEA syndrome.Case DescriptionThe patient was born to a pair of consanguineous parents at 32‐week gestation. His intermittent bradypnoea requiring significant respiratory support during his postnatal clinical course was atypical for bronchopulmonary dysplasia and this required further extensive work up to look for a cause for his hypoventilation. A trio whole exon sequencing was done which identified homozygous variants in P4HTM, in keeping with the diagnosis of autosomal recessive HIDEA syndrome. He is currently doing well on BiPAP 18 cm H2O / 8 cm H2O, Rate 30 breaths per minute in room air and full nasogastric feeding. He also has cortical blindess and severe global developmental delay.ConclusionEarly diagnosis is crucial to optimise adequate ventilatory management including early tracheostomy as many require lifelong continuous or intermittent ventilation. This minimises the complications of chronic hypoxia and reduces mortality risk.
Selection of landcover types by translocated female eastern wild turkeys in east Texas
Authors: Sullivan Daniel J. , Little Andrew R. , Poteet Micah L. , Collier Bret A. , Chamberlain Michael J. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractRestoration of eastern wild turkeys (Meleagris gallopavo silvestris) is among the greatest conservation achievements in North America. However, restoration efforts in east Texas have had limited success, resulting in a fragmented distribution of turkeys across the landscape. Restoration success is largely dependent on the ability of translocated individuals to quickly select habitat patches on the landscape. Information on habitat selection of translocated wild turkeys is important to identify high quality release locations that should reduce the probability of translocation failure. Our objective was to describe selection of landcover types by translocated female wild turkeys in east Texas. During 2016–2017, we translocated 78 GPS‐tagged wild turkeys to Angelina National Forest in east Texas. We quantified third order selection for females during 3 temporal periods—the exploratory phase (days 1–20), the exploitation phase (days 21–80), and within the annual range. During the exploratory phase, females selected shrub‐scrub and open landcover types, as well as linear paths (roads, rights‐of‐way). During the exploitation phase, females selected shrub‐scrub, mixed, and open landcover types, but not linear paths. Overall, wild turkeys translocated into forested landscapes of east Texas selected for early successional and other open landcover types. Prior to translocation attempts in forest‐dominated landscapes, managers should consider ways to increase availability of open landcover types with herbaceous cover for nesting and brood rearing.
Effects of the COVID‐19 pandemic on 2020 spring turkey hunting across the United States
Authors: Danks Zachary D. , Schiavone Michael V. , Butler Adam B. , Fricke Kent , Davis Alicia , Cobb David T. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSpring wild turkey (Meleagris gallopavo) hunting is a foundational activity for many hunters across North America. Managing turkey hunters and turkey hunting is, therefore, a priority for state and provincial fish and wildlife management agencies. Early stages of the current SARS‐CoV‐2 (COVID‐19) pandemic in the United States coincided with 2020 spring turkey hunting seasons across the U.S. Potential effects of increases in peoples' time available for hunting on effort and turkey populations could have been substantial. We surveyed the primary wildlife biologist tasked with wild turkey management for each state and provincial jurisdiction with a huntable wild turkey population to determine turkey hunter and hunting dynamics before and during the spring 2020 turkey season. Biologists in 47 states responded to the survey. Results varied among states but hunting license sales, the number of hunters afield, harvest, total hunter‐days afield, and the number of days individual hunters were afield were greater in 2020 than the mean from the previous 3 years (2017–2019) in many states. Although hunting effort and total reported harvest increased in most states in 2020 from the previous 3‐year average, take‐per‐unit‐effort (i.e., harvest per hunter day) decreased in 93% of jurisdictions from which data were available, supporting the finding that increases in turkey harvest in spring 2020 were a result of a COVID‐related increase in participation and effort and not increases in turkey abundance. We recommend using these reference data for turkey population and turkey hunter monitoring pre‐ and post‐pandemic. Monitoring efforts should include wildlife population and habitat evaluations and study of hunter dynamics in a social science framework.
Electron probe microanalysis of light elements: Improvements in the measurement and signal extraction methods
Authors: Schweizer Pia , Brackx Emmanuelle , Jonnard Philippe 
Published: May 2022

AbstractQuantitative electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) by wavelength dispersive spectrometry of light elements is a significant challenge due to difficulties of signal extraction for low intensities. Therefore, a good choice of measurement parameters and a suitable signal treatment, accurate background description and interference correction are crucial. For light elements, peak to background ratios (P/B) can easily approach unity and special care needs to be paid to the setting of the pulse height analyser (PHA) to avoid noise contribution to the emission peak. Furthermore, the background may have a high curvature and the classical approach of a linear background fit is no longer valid. This work investigates the EPMA of light elements from Be to F with the aim to determine the best experimentation parameters (dispersive element, accelerating voltage, PHA). It also provides detailed information about peak shifts, peak broadening and the influence of different background fits on quantification. In total, 25 samples containing light elements were analysed and Monte Carlo simulations were carried out. These simulations show that the X‐ray intensity of the light element's characteristic line can be increased by working with low accelerating voltages around 5 kV. PHA should be used in automatic differential or integral mode. Our work also shows that a third degree linear polynomial describes the background better than an exponential or linear function. Consequently overestimation of P/B values leading to large quantification errors can be avoided. This paper provides a large database containing peak position and peak shifts, peak full width at half maximum, as well as P/B ratios and information about peak enlargement for different materials of various compositions.
Introduction
Authors: Romero-Ruiz Maria Isabel , Cuder-Domínguez Pilar 
Published: May 2022

AbstractCultural Representations of Gender Vulnerability and Resistance: A Mediterranean Approach to the Anglosphere aims to fill a gap within Literary and Cultural Studies by undertaking the analysis of concepts such as vulnerability, resilience, precarity and resistance in a wide range of cultural texts written in English and published or circulated in the last two decades across a wide geography encompassing India, Ireland, Canada, the USA and the UK: memoirs and testimonies, films, TV series, crime fiction and literary fiction. Thus, the collection provides a rich array of cultural case studies to explore gender vulnerability in a transnational framework, in turn providing fresh insights into vulnerability itself as a “travelling theory,” following Edward Said’s formulation (The World, the Text, the Critic, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA, 1983).
The Vulnerable Posthuman in Popular Science Fiction Cinema
Authors: Carrasco-Carrasco Rocío 
Published: May 2022

AbstractFollowing feminist critical posthuman thinking (Braidotti, Vint, Ferrando), this chapter analyses two recent popular science fiction movies portraying female characters that embody the concept of the vulnerable posthuman: Glazer’s Under the Skin (2013) and Sanders’ Ghost in the Shell (2017). In spite of the fact that in these two movies the posthuman (female) characters are depicted as vulnerable beings apparently doomed to privileging and perpetuating the normative idea of the body in terms of gender and race, they still manage to somehow disrupt established configurations of power by offering audiences an unfamiliar experience. Viewers see life through the posthuman perspective thanks to filmic strategies, such as identification or sympathy, enabling us to temporarily refuse normative human ethics and to understand the posthuman subject as it is, with its alien/transhuman body and non-normative actions and desires.
A Trans Journey Towards Resistance: Vulnerability and Resilience in the Dystopian Narrative of Manjula Padmanabhan
Authors: Navarro-Tejero Antonia 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis chapter explores how the idea of womanhood intersects with concepts of vulnerability and resistance in two feminist dystopian novels by South Asian writer Manjula Padmanabhan,Escape(2008) and its sequelThe Island of Lost Girls(2015). It addresses how Padmanabhan brings out the fluid gendered resistance in the context of female genocide in India, in the dimensions of techno culture. By looking at sexual violence through the lenses of aligned resilience in solidarity as an analytical tool, through which the victims achieve empowerment, we argue that the presence of trans protagonists in the novels brings originality to the dystopian trope.
Becoming Resilient Subjects: Vulnerability and Resistance in Emma Donoghue’s Room
Authors: Jaime de Pablos María Elena 
Published: May 2022

AbstractEmma Donoghue’s novelRoomnarrates the story of Ma, a 26-year-old woman who has been imprisoned for seven years in an eleven-by-eleven-foot soundproof garden shed in an unnamed place in America with her 5-year-old boy, Jack. This present chapter deals with the abusive conditions of oppression and confinement that Ma and Jack must face both in captivity and after escape, the impact that these conditions have on their body, psyche and social life, the different practices of resistance that mother and child enact to cope with them and the transforming process they must undergo to bounce back from them. Judith Butler’s Theory of Vulnerability helps us understand how Emma Donoghue resorts to the notion of vulnerability in resistance to shapeRoomcharacters’ subjectivity, Julia Kristeva’s Theory of the Abject lets us explain why Ma and Jack fall into the category of socially disturbing elements in a patriarchal symbolic order and Boris Cyrulnik’s Theory of Resilience is paramount to examine the process that the protagonists must undergo to overcome trauma.
Of Mice and Women: Gendered and Speciesist Violence in Joyce Carol Oates’s ‘Martyrdom’
Authors: Pimentel-Biscaia Maria Sofia 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn this chapter, I investigate how Joyce Carol Oates has conceptualised martyrdom in terms of gender and non-human animal perspectives in “Martyrdom” (1994). I suggest that a biopolitical approach to gendered violence and to the instrumentalisation of animal bodies allows the revelation of systemic and ontological violence exerted over oppressed subjectivities. This violence is of an anthropocentric and androcentric nature and, therefore, not exclusive to the North American context. Judith Butler’s and Sarah Bracke’s remapping of subjectivity as relational and interdependent politics provides a deconstructive alternative to the binary coding which positions the male human as sole active agent. Butler and Bracke propose policies of resilience and vulnerability as operative processes in the struggle for radical resistance counteracting/supplementing the discourse of martyrdom.
Resisting Binaries: Vulnerability, Agency and the Sovereign Subject Through a Feminist Critical Gaze
Authors: Iglesias-Díaz E. Guillermo 
Published: May 2022

AbstractVulnerability has been traditionally opposed to resistance and agency. However, this proposition has been contested recently as a simplistic opposition of the binary kind: my argument is predicated on the idea that Andrea Arnold is a filmmaker who problematizes these concepts through a self-conscious critical gaze, in particular, in her film Red Road (2008). Drawing from Teresa De Lauretis’ approach to the technologies of gender, I will pay attention to how Arnold inverts the roles traditionally assigned in film: in this case, it is the male character the one under the female gaze, a strategy used by Arnold to question the myth of the sovereign subject. My focus will be on how Arnold presents her characters as vulnerable but always with full agency, and never as victims.
Two Library Projects
Authors: Ibrahim Jimoh , Loch Christoph , Sengupta Kishore 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe case studies give the narratives of where the projects came from, how decisions were made, including, for example, how lack of financial safeguarding and corruption led to problems. The narratives “bring the statistical analysis to life” and give the reader an impression (relatively succinctly in about five pages per case) of what the project problems “feel” like. This chapter discusses the first matched project pair, the Abuja National Library and the Obasanjo Presidential Library.The national library project suffered from design changes, budget cuts (because of unstable funding) and conflicts with the contractor, and it is an unfinished ruin today. The Obasanjo Presidential Library was privately funded, had a clear goal and ambition, and was completed close to schedule in spite of setbacks (although it was far over budget and has an uncertain financial future). The two case studies contrast project environments that can cause different project paths.
Two Bridge Projects
Authors: Ibrahim Jimoh , Loch Christoph , Sengupta Kishore 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis case study contrasts the Second Niger Bridge (stalled) and the Third Mainland Bridge (completed) projects. Both bridges had strong support and good business cases. But the Second Niger Bridge became a pawn of political promises, had insufficient financial assurances and then was stalled after a government change. The Third Mainland Bridge had also been stalled and was rescued by the (military) President for idiosyncratic reasons, but then run with a sufficient budget and pushed by an insistent owner (the president himself), so it was finally completed. But even in this case of a political power holder successfully bringing about completion, questions remain whether the decision process resulted in the right project being rescued.
Two Power Plants
Authors: Ibrahim Jimoh , Loch Christoph , Sengupta Kishore 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis first project, the Egbin Power Plant, was initiated under a civilian government and delayed because of two coups. But then the military government supported the project (which had a strong value proposition) and saw it through.The second project, the Calabar Power Plant, was a part of a large highly ambitious scheme to build 11 power plants, which ran out of money as well as neglecting critical components of the network surrounding a plant (gas supplies and power distribution lines). So, the power plant hardware itself was completed after a delay, but the plant still delivers little power because gas supplies are too expensive and power delivery is subject to capacity limits and price controls that make operation of the plant unaffordable.