bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The mediating role of psychological resilience between social participation and life satisfaction among older adults in China
Authors: Liao Zhiliu , Zhou Hanmeng , He Zhifei 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
A significant correlation has been discovered between social participation and older adults’ life satisfaction, but the relationships among social participation, psychological resilience, and life satisfaction remain to be confirmed. Therefore, this study aims to identify the relationship between social participation and life satisfaction for Chinese older adults and to analyse the possible mediating role of psychological resilience between these two aspects.

Methods
Data on 15,779 people aged 65 years and above were extracted from the 2018 wave of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS). Social participation was classified into two levels: low-level involvement activities and high-level involvement activities. Hierarchical regression analysis was applied to analyse the correlations between the two levels of social participation and older adults’ life satisfaction as well as the mediating effects of psychological resilience on this association.

Results
The results indicate that two levels of social participation were each positively correlated with life satisfaction. Specifically, high-level involvement activities (β = 0.070, P < 0.001) were more strongly associated with life satisfaction than low-level involvement activities (β = 0.051, P < 0.001). Moreover, psychological resilience was found to partially mediate the association between low-level involvement activities and high-level involvement activities and life satisfaction.

Conclusion
A higher level of life satisfaction for older adults is related to participation in high-level involvement activities. Psychological resilience has a mediating effect on the association between two levels of older adults’ social participation and life satisfaction. These findings suggest that the government and society should establish a more concrete understanding of the psychological resilience of older adults.
Presence of gastrointestinal symptoms in IgA nephropathy: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Pohjonen Jussi T. , Kaukinen Katri M. , Metso Martti J. , Nurmi Rakel KK. , Huhtala Heini SA. , Pörsti Ilkka H. , Mustonen Jukka T. , Mäkelä Satu M. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms are common in end-stage kidney disease. Mounting evidence indicates that the intestine plays an important role in the pathogenesis of IgA nephropathy (IgAN). However, no studies have addressed the obvious question; do IgAN patients suffer from GI symptoms?

Methods
Presence of GI symptoms and health-related quality of life were evaluated using the validated Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS) and Psychological General Well-Being (PGWB) questionnaires in 104 patients with kidney biopsy-verified IgAN and in 147 healthy controls. A person was regarded to experience ‘increased GI symptoms’ if the GSRS score exceeded plus 1 standard deviation of the mean of the corresponding score in the healthy controls.

Results
According to the GSRS total score, the IgAN patients had more GI symptoms than the healthy controls (2.0 vs. 1.7, p < 0.001). Female IgAN patients had higher GSRS total score than male patients (2.2 vs. 1.7, p = 0.001). More IgAN patients with preserved kidney function (eGFR > 60ml/min/1.73m2) suffered from increased symptoms of diarrhoea (76 vs. 25%, p = 0.028), constipation (81 vs. 19%, p = 0.046) and reflux (85 vs. 15%, p = 0.004) than did IgAN patients with reduced kidney function (eGFR < 60ml/min/1.73m2).

Conclusions
IgAN patients and especially female IgAN patients experienced more GI symptoms than healthy controls. More prevalent GI symptoms were already observed before kidney function was clearly reduced. Systematic enquiry of GI symptoms might increase the standard of care among IgAN patients. Moreover, GI symptoms may provide clues for future studies that examine the pathophysiology of IgAN.
Prognostic value of the combination of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio on mortality in patients on maintenance hemodialysis
Authors: Liao Jiaxian , Wei Dongyan , Sun Chenghui , Yang Yuqi , Wei Yinxia , Liu Xinhui 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Hemodialysis (HD) is the most important renal replacement therapy for patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). Systemic inflammation is a risk factor of mortality in HD patients. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) are new inflammatory markers. However, previous studies have inconsistent conclusions about the predictive value of NLR, MLR and PLR on mortality of HD patients. The aim of this study was to establish an inflammation scoring system by including NLR, MLR and PLR, and evaluate the association between the inflammation score and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in HD patients.

Methods
In this single center retrospective cohort study, 213 incident HD patients from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2020 were included. Baseline demographic and clinical data and laboratory measurements were collected. According to the optimal cut-off values, NLR, MLR and PLR were assigned 0 or 1 point, respectively. Then, the inflammation score was obtained by adding the NLR, MLR and PLR scores. All patients were followed until July 31, 2021. The associations of the inflammation score with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality were assessed by multivariable-adjusted Cox models.

Results
Of 213 patients, the mean (± SD) age was 56.8 ± 14.4 years, 66.2% were men, and 32.9% with diabetes. The primary cause of ESKD was mainly chronic glomerulonephritis (46.5%) and diabetic nephropathy (28.6%). The median inflammation score was 2 (interquartile range = 1–3). During a median 30 months (interquartile range = 17–50 months) follow-up period, 53 patients had died, of which 33 deaths were caused by cardiovascular disease. After adjusting for demographics, primary diseases and other confounders in multivariable model, the inflammation score = 3 was associated with a hazard ratio for all-cause mortality of 4.562 (95% confidence interval, 1.342–15.504, P = 0.015) and a hazard ratio for cardiovascular mortality of 4.027 (95% confidence interval, 0.882–18.384, P = 0.072).

Conclusion
In conclusion, an inflammation scoring system was established by including NLR, MLR and PLR, and the higher inflammation score was independently associated with all-cause mortality in HD patients.
The impact of prolonged landscape fire smoke exposure on women with asthma in Australia
Authors: Beyene Tesfalidet , Murphy Vanessa E. , Gibson Peter G. , McDonald Vanessa M. , Van Buskirk Joe , Holliday Elizabeth G. , Vertigan Anne E. , Horvat Jay C. , Zosky Graeme R. , Morgan Geoffrey G. , Jegasothy Edward , Hanigan Ivan , Mattes Joerg , Collison Adam M. , Jensen Megan E. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Little is known about the physical and mental health impact of exposure to landscape fire smoke in women with asthma. This study examined the health impacts and information-seeking behaviours of women with asthma exposed to the 2019/2020 Australian fires, including women who were pregnant.

Methods
Women with asthma were recruited from the Breathing for Life Trial in Australia. Following the landscape fire exposure period, self-reported data were collected regarding symptoms (respiratory and non-respiratory), asthma exacerbations, wellbeing, quality of life, information seeking, and landscape fire smoke exposure mitigation strategies. Participants’ primary residential location and fixed site monitoring was used to geolocate and estimate exposure to landscape fire-related fine Particulate Matter (PM2.5).

Results
The survey was completed by 81 pregnant, 70 breastfeeding and 232 non-pregnant and non-breastfeeding women with asthma. Participants had a median daily average of 17 μg/m3 PM2.5 and 105 μg/m3 peak PM2.5 exposure over the fire period (October 2019 to February 2020). Over 80% of participants reported non-respiratory and respiratory symptoms during the fire period and 41% reported persistent symptoms. Over 82% reported asthma symptoms and exacerbations of asthma during the fire period. Half the participants sought advice from a health professional for their symptoms. Most (97%) kept windows/doors shut when inside and 94% stayed indoors to minimise exposure to landscape fire smoke. Over two in five (43%) participants reported that their capacity to participate in usual activities was reduced due to prolonged smoke exposure during the fire period. Participants reported greater anxiety during the fire period than after the fire period (mean (SD) = 53(13) versus 39 (13); p < 0.001). Two in five (38%) pregnant participants reported having concerns about the effect of fire events on their pregnancy.

Conclusion
Prolonged landscape fire smoke exposure during the 2019/2020 Australian fire period had a significant impact on the health and wellbeing of women with asthma, including pregnant women with asthma. This was despite most women taking actions to minimise exposure to landscape fire smoke. Effective and consistent public health messaging is needed during landscape fire events to guard the health of women with asthma.
Recurrent miscarriage in a woman with congenital factor V deficiency: a case report
Authors: Shirzadi Mohammad , Radfar Amir Hossein , Dehghani Mehdi 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Factor V deficiency is a rare bleeding disorder that can be either congenital or acquired. Factor V deficiency mostly present with mucosal bleeding. Coagulation factor V does not increase considerably during normal gestation. Since pregnancy can be threatened by blood clotting disorders, abnormal changes in coagulation factors level can pose challenges to pregnant women.

Case presentation
We report a 40-year-old pregnant woman with prolonged gingival bleeding and epistaxis at 28 weeks of pregnancy. Her past medical history included two unexplained abortions. Physical examination was unremarkable, but the blood test showed elevated PT and PTT with a considerable decrease in factor V activity, while other factors were within normal range. Subsequently, the patient was diagnosed with congenital factor V deficiency. After treatment with fresh frozen plasma, she underwent vaginal delivery and a baby with factor V deficiency was born.

Conclusions
This is the second report of recurrent miscarriage in congenital factor V deficiency patients. Clinicians should consider the possibility of factor V deficiency in women with a history of idiopathic miscarriage even in patients without any symptoms.
Reply to: ‘comments on ‘effects of refractive accommodation on subfoveal choroidal thickness in silicone oil-filled eyes”
Authors: Yan Ying , Zeng Bo , Gao Chengyuan , Song Yanping , Chen Xiao 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn this article, we answered the questions in Lei Gao et al.’s comments on the "effects of refractive accommodation on subfoveal choroidal thickness in silicone oil-filled eyes" one by one.
Annular choroidal detachment following intravitreal aflibercept injection in a patient with nivolumab treatment: a case report
Authors: Sato Maho , Kubono Hirohisa , Yamashita Kazuya , Nagamoto Takashi , Ofuji Yoshiko , Sakakura Saki , Fukumoto Ryuki , Hata Seiichiro , Kawamura Mari , Suzuki Kotaro 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
To present a novel case that developed annular choroidal detachment after intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor antibody injection in a patient after immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment.

Case presentation
A 58-year-old Japanese man presented visual impairment in the right eye. Ophthalmological examination revealed macular edema in the right eye, which suggested the possibility of age-related macular degeneration. Following the intravitreal aflibercept injection, the annular choroidal detachment was observed in the injected eye. As hypotony or thick sclera was not observed, choroidal detachment seemed to have appeared due to enhanced inflammation by intravitreal injection. The patient had a history of stage IV paranasal cavity cancer and was treated with nivolumab, an immune checkpoint inhibitor. The immune response might have been enhanced due to the use of nivolumab so that intravitreal injection triggered inflammation. Three weeks after sub-tenon injection of triamcinolone acetonide, macular edema and choroidal detachment improved.

Conclusions
Intravitreal aflibercept injection caused annular choroidal detachment in our patient, presumably because the immune system was activated after nivolumab treatment. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report of annular choroidal detachment that developed after intravitreal injection in a patient with a history of nivolumab therapy. With the increasing use of immune checkpoint inhibitors in patients with various cancers, clinicians should be aware of these potentially associated immune-related adverse events.
Role of corneal epithelial thickness during myopic regression in femtosecond laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis and transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy
Authors: Li Hua , Han Qichao , Zhang Jiafan , Shao Ting , Wang Huifeng , Long Keli 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
The study aimed to investigate the relationship between changes in corneal epithelial thickness and the outcome of myopic regression after femtosecond laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (FS-LASIK) and transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy (TPRK).

Methods
This study included 45 eyes of 25 patients undergoing FS-LASIK and 44 eyes of 24 patients undergoing TPRK. Myopic regression occurred in these patients postoperatively from 8 to 21 months. The corneal epithelial thickness was measured using a spectral-domain optical coherence tomography at the onset of regression, 3 months after treatment, and 3 months after drug withdrawal.

Results
Compared with that of preoperation, corneal epithelial thickness increased when regression occurred in both groups (all P < 0.05). The thickness of central corneal epithelium in FS-LASIK and TPRK groups reached 65.02 ± 4.12 µm and 61.63 ± 2.91 µm, respectively. The corneal epithelial thickness decreased when myopic regression subsided after 3 months of steroid treatment compared to the onset (P < 0.05). With a decrease in corneal epithelial thickness, the curvature of the anterior corneal surface, central corneal thickness, and refractive power all decreased (all P < 0.05). The corneal epithelial thickness and refractive error remained relatively stable after 3 months of treatment withdrawal (P > 0.05).

Conclusion
The corneal epithelial thickness determined the outcome of myopic regression similarly in FS-LASIK and TPRK. When the corneal epithelium thickened, regression occurred. After steroid treatment, epithelial thickness decreased whereas regression subsided.
Manifestation of leech infestation as severe gastrointestinal bleeding in a 3-year-old boy: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Reihani Hamid , Ghanei-Shahmirzadi Ali , Salehi Sara , Ansari-Charsoughi Narges , Karbasian Fereshteh , Imanieh Mohammad-Hadi 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Leeches are a class of hermaphroditic parasites that can attach to various body parts and start sucking blood. Gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding due to leeches is a rare phenomenon that is more common in less developed countries. Common symptoms include melena, hematemesis, pallor, weakness, and fatigue. Due to the similar symptoms of this issue to the main differential diagnoses of GI bleeding in pediatrics, such as diarrhea, constipation, diverticulitis, esophagitis, and anal fissures, it is challenging to differentiate it from the rest.

Case presentation
We present a three-year-old boy who was transferred to our center with hematemesis, tarry stool, and a drop in hemoglobin level. He finally was diagnosed with a leech in his stomach.

Conclusions
In less developed counties, the inability to reach safe drinking water, swim in lakes or springs, and inadequate awareness of public health information among individuals can be risk factors for leech infestation.
Social COmmunication Program supported by E-health (SCOPE) for infants and toddlers at elevated likelihood of autism spectrum disorder: study design of a cluster randomized controlled trial
Authors: Snijder Michelle I. J. , Dietz Claudine , van Andel Mieke , Ruiter Emilie L. M. , Buitelaar Jan K. , Oosterling Iris J. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundAlthough the importance of early detection and early intervention of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) is widely recognized, multiple barriers exist in accessing early intervention services. As an alternative to these barriers, the SCOPE project presents a new, easy accessible and blended intervention called BEAR (Blended E-health for children at eArly Risk). This paper describes this BEAR intervention and study design of an ongoing two arm cluster randomized controlled trial (RCT).MethodsBEAR (Blended E-health for children at eArly Risk) is a blended e-health intervention, based on evidence-based naturalistic developmental behavioral interventions (NDBI’s) and can be offered to parents and infants/toddlers at high likelihood for ASD. During the ongoing RCT,N = 88 high risk infants and toddlers will be cluster randomized over the BEAR intervention and care-as-usual (CAU) conditions. The finalized version of the intervention protocol and study design are presented in this paper. The primary outcome measure isjoint engagementmeasured by the Joint Engagement Rating Inventory (JERI) during videotaped parent–child interaction. Secondary outcome measures include severity of ASD symptoms, global level of adaptive functioning, parental well-being, parental skills and satisfaction with healthcare. Also, costs will be estimated from society's perspective. Assessments take place at the start of the study (T1), after eight weeks (T2) and after six months (T3) and include behavioral home observations and parental questionnaires.DiscussionThe SCOPE project aims to contribute to improved early identification and timely start of suitable interventions for infants and toddlers at elevated likelihood for ASD. This ongoing RCT will offer insight in the feasibility, short-term and six months effects of the innovative BEAR intervention. It is estimated that inclusion for the trial (N = 88) is completed in spring 2023.Trial registrationDutch Trial Register, NTR7695. Registered at December 17th, 2018,www.trialregister.nl.
Assessing the expression of two post-transcriptional BDNF regulators, TTP and miR-16 in the peripheral blood of patients with Schizophrenia
Authors: Asadi Mohammad Reza , Gharesouran Jalal , Sabaie Hani , Moslehian Marziyeh Sadat , Dehghani Hossein , Arsang-Jang Shahram , Taheri Mohammad , Mortazavi Deniz , Hussen Bashdar Mahmud , Sayad Arezou , Rezazadeh Maryam 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSchizophrenia (SCZ) is a severe mental disorder with an unknown pathophysiology. Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) is a neurotrophin that has been associated with synapse plasticity, learning, and memory, as well as neurodevelopment and neuroprotection. The importance of neurodevelopmental and neurotoxicity-related components in the pathophysiology of SCZ has been highlighted in research on the neurobiology of this disease. The purpose of this research is to investigate the significant expression of two variables, tristetraprolin (TTP) and miR-16, which are known to be regulators of BDNF expression. Fifty Iranian Azeri SCZ patients were enrolled, and fifty healthy volunteers were age- and gender-matched as controls. A quantitative polymerase chain reaction measured the expression levels of the TTP and miR-16 in the peripheral blood (PB) of SCZ patients and healthy people. TTP expression levels in patients were higher than in controls, regardless of gender or age (posterior beta = 1.532, adjustedP-value = 0.012). TTP and miR-16 expression levels were found to be significantly correlated in both SCZ patients and healthy controls (r = 0.701,P < 0.001 andr = 0.777,P < 0.001, respectively). Due to the increased expression of TTP in SCZ and the existence of a significant correlation between TTP and miR-16, which helps to act on target mRNAs with AU-rich elements, this mechanism can be considered an influencing factor in SCZ.
The relationship between changes in the korean fertility rate and policies to encourage fertility
Authors: Jeong Kyuhyoung , Yoon Jiyeon , Cho Heeran J. , Kim Sunghee , Jang Jihyun 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Korean government has established various policies to counter the low fertility rate since the mid-2000s, but it still has the lowest fertility rate among OECD member countries. This study investigated the relationship between changes in the Korean fertility rate and policies to encourage fertility.

Methods
This study utilized data of the total fertility rate of 250 local governments between 2014 and 2018, and a casebook of local government birth promotion policies. The dependent variable was fertility rate, and the independent variable was fertility promotion policy. Using SPSS 25.0 and M-plus 8.0 programs, descriptive statistical analysis and latent growth modeling were conducted. An unconditional quadratic function change model was selected as a final model of this study.

Results
The average of the initial fertility rate and the linear rate of change in the Korean fertility rate, and the rate of change of the quadratic function were all statistically significant, meaning that the fertility rate of decline increases over time. Also, the linear rate of change and the quadratic function change rate were significant, showing significant differences in the initial level and rate of change of the fertility rate between local governments. Among fertility policies, only the in-kind policy had a significant effect on the initial value of the fertility rate, meaning that the higher the number of in-kind policies, the higher the fertility rate.

Conclusion
This study is crucial as it examined the changes in the fertility rate of Korean local governments as well as the policy factors affecting the fertility rate at a quantitative level.