bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preclinical robotic device for magnetic resonance imaging guided focussed ultrasound
Authors: Giannakou Marinos , Antoniou Anastasia , Damianou Christakis 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundA robotic device featuring three motion axes was manufactured for preclinical research on focussed ultrasound (FUS). The device comprises a 2.75 MHz single element ultrasonic transducer and is guided by Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI).MethodsThe compatibility of the device with the MRI was evaluated by estimating the influence on the signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR). The efficacy of the transducer in generating ablative temperatures was evaluated in phantoms and excised porcine tissue.ResultsSystem's activation in the MRI scanner reduced the SNR to an acceptable level without compromising the image quality. The transducer demonstrated efficient heating ability as proved by MR thermometry. Discrete and overlapping thermal lesions were inflicted in excised tissue.ConclusionsThe FUS system was proven effective for FUS thermal applications in the MRI setting. It can thus be used for multiple preclinical applications of the emerging MRI‐guided FUS technology. The device can be scaled‐up for human use with minor modifications.
Efficiency of lean practices and blockchain combinations for green supplier integration improvements in sustainable development
Authors: Chen Ping‐Kuo 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPrevious studies indicate that green supplier integration can promote supplier knowledge sharing as a core resource and capability to strengthen supply chain resilience and achieve green performance for sustainable development. However, due to the lack of an effective approach and technology to improve green supplier integration, it is difficult for suppliers to promote or even maintain sharing. Few studies note that green supplier integration through lean practices may efficiently promote supplier knowledge sharing, and blockchain combinations may produce efficiencies in maintaining supplier knowledge sharing intention. However, there are still disputes and a lack of deep verification. Thus, this study aims to explore the following questions. First, when green supplier integration is improved through lean practices, can it promote supplier knowledge sharing and further strengthen supply chain resilience and green performance? Second, to what extent do blockchain combinations moderate the relationship between supplier knowledge sharing and supply chain resilience and why? Based on the natural resource‐based view and knowledge‐based view, this study builds a theoretical framework and verifies it using PLS‐SEM based on 214 Chinese manufacturers. The results of our analysis show that suppliers' knowledge sharing with manufacturers can certainly be promoted when lean practices are adopted to improve green supplier integration. In addition, blockchain combinations can certainly maintain supplier knowledge sharing intention and ensure that supply chain resilience related to prevention is continuously strengthened. In sum, our findings make useful contributions to the literature on the efficiencies of lean practices and blockchain combinations in the context of green supplier integration.
Successful Treatment of Mucosal Neuromas by Radiofrequency Ablation in a Patient with Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2B
Authors: Escalante Luis , Granizo-Rubio Jennyfer , Ortiz-Prado Esteban , Pinos-León Víctor , Maldonado Astrid , Chandler David 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This is the first report of mucosal neuromas being treated successfully with radiofrequency ablation in a patient with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2B.
Large‐Area Flexible Memory Arrays of Oriented Molecular Ferroelectric Single Crystals with Nearly Saturated Polarization
Authors: Xu Mingsheng , Sheng Chenxu , Zhang Qiuyi , Zhou Xiaojie , Tian Bobo , Chen Luqiu , Cai Yichen , Li Jianping , Wang Jiao , Xie Yongfa , Qiu Xinxia , Wang Wenchong , Xiong Shisheng , Cong Chunxiao , Qiu Zhi‐Jun , Liu Ran , Hu Laigui 
Published: September 2022

AbstractMolecular ferroelectrics (MFs) have been proven to demonstrate excellent properties even comparable to those of inorganic counterparts usually with heavy metals. However, the validation of their device applications is still at the infant stage. The polycrystalline feature of conventionally obtained MF films, the patterning challenges for microelectronics and the brittleness of crystalline films significantly hinder their development for organic integrated circuits, as well as emerging flexible electronics. Here, a large‐area flexible memory array is demonstrated of oriented molecular ferroelectric single crystals (MFSCs) with nearly saturated polarization. Highly‐uniform MFSC arrays are prepared on large‐scale substrates including Si wafers and flexible substrates using an asymmetric‐wetting and microgroove‐assisted coating (AWMAC) strategy. Resultant flexible memory arrays exhibit excellent nonvolatile memory properties with a low‐operating voltage of <5 V, i.e., nearly saturated ferroelectric polarization (6.5 µC cm−2), and long bending endurance (>103) under various bending radii. These results may open an avenue for scalable flexible MF electronics with high performance.
Effect of prestressing corrosion on failure in bridges
Authors: Messina Davide , Proverbio Edoardo 
Published: September 2022

AbstractInfrastructures (viaducts, bridges, tunnels, railways, and roads) are fundamental to allow people and goods move around a country. In particular, in Italy, due to its orographic and morphological complexity, the ratio between the number of viaducts and the national geographical extension is the largest in Europe. This kind of structure constitutes a weakness of the road networks, especially those over 50 years old, and among these, prestressed concrete structures are the most vulnerable. Therefore, the study of the robustness of an infrastructure network is a quite useful topic for modern societies and public mobility managers. The aim of the present work is to develop a reliable and fast analysis tool capable of processing many structures in a relatively short time. In order to calibrate the most suitable instrument, starting from the study of an experimental campaign on six prototypes of artificially corroded posttensioned concrete beams, the reliability of concentrated plasticity models was investigated to reproduce force‐displacement diagrams and in particular, the effect of corrosion on the moment‐curvature relationship. In fact, this method could provide a well‐defined nonlinear analysis of prestressed elements, especially in the case of grillage decks where external girders could be more affected by corrosion damage in opposition to internal girders or diaphragms. A numerical model by FEM analysis is also presented to reproduce a vulnerability study on an actual structure.
Effectiveness, economics, and safety of drop nets and helicopters with net‐gunning for capturing white‐tailed deer
Authors: Beaver Jared T. , Grantham Chad , Lucas Cooksey M. , Skow Kevin , Pierce Brian L. , Lopez Roel R. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCapture and handling of animals is an essential component of wildlife research. Human population growth, coupled with rapid land use changes, have resulted in increased wildlife‐human interactions and subsequently increased public awareness and sensitivity to animal welfare. However, few publications have compared capture techniques in terms of effectiveness, economics, and animal safety across the same environment. We evaluated capture effectiveness, monetary cost, and safety for drop nets and both single and tandem helicopters with net‐gunning techniques for white‐tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus; deer). We captured 32 (drop nets), 68 (single helicopter), and 71 (tandem helicopters) deer over 6 study periods (3 autumn and 3 spring) from August 2011 to February 2014. Catch‐per‐unit‐effort (CPUE, person hours/deer) was lowest for tandem helicopters (2.3) followed by single helicopter (2.7) and then drop nets (65.8). Animals captured using drop nets heavily favored younger males compared to both helicopter and net‐gunning techniques. Capture cost (total cost/deer) was greater for drop nets ($655 USD) than either single helicopter ($164) or tandem helicopters ($231). Total mortality (capture‐related and postcapture myopathy) was highest for drop nets at 12.5% followed by 5.9% for single helicopter and 4.2% for tandem helicopters. While all 3 techniques were safe and effective methods for deer capture, the tandem helicopter technique was superior in balancing effectiveness, cost, safety, and maximizing spatial coverage, all of which must be considered when selecting among available capture methods.
Building a Bioimage Analysis Workflow Using Deep Learning
Authors: Gómez-de-Mariscal Estibaliz , Franco-Barranco Daniel , Muñoz-Barrutia Arrate , Arganda-Carreras Ignacio 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe aim of this workflow is to quantify the morphology of pancreatic stem cells lying on a 2D polystyrene substrate from phase contrast microscopy images. For this purpose, the images are first processed with a Deep Learning model trained for semantic segmentation (cell/background); next, the result is refined and individual cell instances are segmented before characterizing their morphology. Through this workflow the readers will learn the nomenclature and understand the principles of Deep Learning applied to image processing.
How to Do the Deconstruction of Bioimage Analysis Workflows: A Case Study with SurfCut
Authors: Louveaux Marion , Verger Stéphane 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPublished bioimage analysis workflows are designed for a specific biology use case and often hidden in the material and methods section of a biology paper. The art of the bioimage analyst is to find these workflows, deconstruct them and tune them to a new use case by replacing or modifying components of the workflow and/or linking them to other workflows.
A MATLAB Pipeline for Spatiotemporal Quantification of Monolayer Cell Migration
Authors: Zabary Yishaia , Zaritsky Assaf 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this chapter we present a MATLAB-based computational pipeline for the quantification of monolayer migration assays. Wound healing assay (or scratch assay) is a commonly used in vitro assay to assess collective cell migration. Our pipeline outputs traditional and spatiotemporal readouts that quantify the group migration properties and was previously used for a screen that included thousands of time-lapse sequences. You will learn how to execute the pipeline, the principles behind the design and implementation choices we made, pitfalls, tips, and tricks in using it.
Ultralight Bosonic Dark Matter Theory
Authors: Jackson Kimball Derek F. , Duffy Leanne D. , Marsh David J. E. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe basic theoretical concepts motivating the hypothesis that dark matter may consist of ultralight spin-0 or spin-1 bosons are explored. The origin of bosons with masses ≪ 1 eV from spontaneous and explicit symmetry breaking is illustrated with examples. The origins and characteristics of nongravitational couplings or “portals” between ultralight bosons and Standard Model particles and fields are considered, with particular attention paid to the cases of the axion-photon and axion-fermion interactions. Theoretical motivations for the existence of ultralight bosons, besides as an explanation of dark matter, are examined, with particular focus on the Peccei-Quinn solution to the strong CP problem (resulting in the QCD axion) and a dynamical solution to the hierarchy problem (the “relaxion” hypothesis, based on a particular axion-Higgs coupling in the early universe). Mechanisms for non-thermal production of ultralight bosonic dark matter are examined.
Astrophysical Searches and Constraints
Authors: Marsh David J. E. , Hoof Sebastian 
Published: September 2022

AbstractStarting from the evidence that dark matter (DM) indeed exists and permeates the entire cosmos, various bounds on its properties can be estimated. Beginning with the cosmic microwave background and large-scale structure, we summarize bounds on the ultralight bosonic dark matter (UBDM) mass and cosmic density. These bounds are extended to larger masses by considering galaxy formation and evolution and the phenomenon of black hole superradiance. We then discuss the formation of different classes of UBDM compact objects including solitons/axion stars and miniclusters. Next, we consider astrophysical constraints on the couplings of UBDM to Standard Model particles, from stellar cooling (production of UBDM) and indirect searches (decays or conversion of UBDM). Throughout, there are short discussions of “hints and opportunities” in searching for UBDM in each area.
Solar Production of Ultralight Bosons
Authors: Vogel Julia K. , Irastorza Igor G. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis chapter will spotlight axions produced in the core of the Sun. A first focus will be put on the production mechanism for axions in the solar interior through coupling of axions to photons via the Primakoff effect as well as their interactions with electrons. In addition to the axion production, the axion-to-photon conversion probability is a crucial quantity for solar axion searches (also referred to as helioscopes) and determines the expected number of photons from solar axion conversion that are detectable in a ground-based search. After these basic considerations, the helioscope concept will be detailed, and past, current, and future experimental realizations of axion helioscopes will be discussed. This includes the analysis used to aim at axion detection and upper limit calculations in case no signal above background is detected in experimental data. For completeness, alternative approaches other than traditional helioscopes to search for solar axions are discussed.
Light-Shining-Through-Walls Experiments
Authors: Spector Aaron D. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe light-shining-through-walls (LSW) method of searching for ultralight bosonic dark matter (UBDM) uses lasers and strong dipole magnets to probe the coupling between photons and UBDM in the presence of a magnetic field. Since these experiments take place entirely in the laboratory, they offer a unique opportunity to perform a model independent measurement of this interaction. This involves shining a high-power laser through a magnetic field toward a wall which blocks the light. The interaction between the laser and the magnetic field generates a beam of UBDM that passes through the wall. Beyond the wall is another region of strong magnetic field that reconverts the UBDM back to photons that can then be measured by a single photon detection system. The sensitivity of these kinds of experiments can be improved further by implementing optical cavities before and after the wall to amplify the power of the light propagating through the magnetic fields. This chapter gives an introduction to LSW experiments and discusses a number of interesting challenges associated with the technique.
Introduction to Learners, Teachers, Media, and Technology in ODDE
Authors: Dennen Vanessa P. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis chapter provides an overview of the 13 chapters in Section V of The Handbook of Open Distance and Digital Education (ODDE), which focus on learners, teachers, media, and technology. Through these chapters, which explore the characteristics, competencies, skills, and roles that people need in ODDE contexts and the ways that media and technology support them, it becomes clear that all four areas work together systemically in the pursuit of learning. Three themes can be cultivated from the chapters: learners and instructors share common needs in online learning settings; the field has an ethical obligation to consider how technology-mediated and technology-based learning interventions affect learners and instructors; and the ongoing presence of a tension between human tasks and technology tasks in increasingly automated learning environments.
Understanding anomalous particle production in massless QED via time-varying θ angle
Authors: Hamada Yu , Kitano Ryuichiro , Matsudo Ryutaro , Mukaida Kyohei 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The Maxwell equations imply that, under the background of non-zero B, varying θ term produces E·B. An interesting example is the Witten effect where a magnetic monopole becomes a dyon which, however, should disappear in the exact massless limit of the fermion. Underlying mechanism of this phenomenon has been understood by Callan by the presence of an effective axion-like degree of freedom around the monopole, which is roughly the phase of the fermions. The configuration of this axion cancels the effect of the θ term. Now, the chiral anomaly implies that non-vanishing E·B induces the chiral charge in the system. The question is whether the chiral charge is generated in the massless limit when we take into account the axion-like degree of freedom in the discussion. The discussion is relevant for the mechanism of baryogenesis under the background of time-dependent θ. We solve the system of the massless QED with time dependent θ by reducing it to the two-dimensional QED. We demonstrate the occurrence of chiral charge generation in the background of static magnetic field for two cases: a magnetic monopole and a uniform magnetic flux. For the monopole case, the chiral charge comes out from the monopole while canceling the Witten effect. For the case of the uniform flux, on the other hand, the effect of the backreaction cannot be ignored, giving a more non-trivial time dependence. We also discuss their implications on baryogenesis.
Strong coupling expansion in 𝒩 = 2 superconformal theories and the Bessel kernel
Authors: Beccaria M. , Korchemsky G. P. , Tseytlin A. A. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We consider strong ’t Hooft coupling expansion in special four-dimensional 𝒩 = 2 superconformal models that are planar-equivalent to 𝒩 = 4 super Yang-Mills theory. Various observables in these models that admit localization matrix model representation can be expressed at large N in terms of a Fredholm determinant of a Bessel operator. The latter previously appeared in the study of level spacing distributions in matrix models and, more recently, in four-point correlation functions of infinitely heavy half-BPS operators in planar 𝒩 = 4 SYM. We use this relation and a suitably generalized Szegő-Akhiezer-Kac formula to derive the strong ’t Hooft coupling expansion of the leading corrections to free energy, half-BPS circular Wilson loop, and certain correlators of chiral primaries operators in the 𝒩 = 2 models. This substantially generalizes partial results in the literature and represents a challenge for dual string theory calculations in AdS/CFT context. We also demonstrate that the resulting strong-coupling expansions suffer from Borel singularities and require adding non-perturbative, exponentially suppressed corrections. As a byproduct of our analysis, we determine the non-perturbative correction to the above mentioned four-point correlator in planar 𝒩 = 4 SYM.
Mapping the SMEFT to discoverable models
Authors: Cepedello Ricardo , Esser Fabian , Hirsch Martin , Sanz Veronica 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The matching of specific new physics scenarios onto the SMEFT framework is a well-understood procedure. The inverse problem, the matching of the SMEFT to UV scenarios, is more difficult and requires the development of new methods to perform a systematic exploration of models. In this paper we use a diagrammatic technique to construct in an automated way a complete set of possible UV models (given certain, well specified assumptions) that can produce specific groups of SMEFT operators, and illustrate its use by generating models with no tree-level contributions to four-fermion (4F) operators. Those scenarios, which only contribute to 4F at one-loop order, can contain relatively light particles that could be discovered at the LHC in direct searches. For this class of models, we find an interesting interplay between indirect SMEFT and direct searches. We discuss some examples on how this interplay would look like when combining low-energy observables with the SMEFT Higgs-fermion analyses and searches for resonance at the LHC.
Thermal stress tensor correlators, OPE and holography
Authors: Karlsson Robin , Parnachev Andrei , Prilepina Valentina , Valach Samuel 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In strongly coupled conformal field theories with a large central charge important light degrees of freedom are the stress tensor and its composites, multi-stress tensors. We consider the OPE expansion of two-point functions of the stress tensor in thermal and heavy states and focus on the contributions from the stress tensor and double-stress tensors in four spacetime dimensions. We compare the results to the holographic finite temperature two-point functions and read off conformal data beyond the leading order in the large central charge expansion. In particular, we compute corrections to the OPE coefficients which determine the near-lightcone behavior of the correlators. We also compute the anomalous dimensions of the double-stress tensor operators.
Regularity for quasilinear vectorial elliptic systems via an iterative scheme with numerical applications
Authors: Koch Lukas 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe consider an iterative procedure to solve quasilinear elliptic systems with p-growth. The scheme was first considered by Koshelev in the quadratic case $$p = 2$$

p
=
2

. We present numerical applications as well as applications to higher regularity properties.
Deformation-induced coupling of the generalized external actions in third-gradient materials
Authors: Fedele Roberto 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this study, diverse typologies of external actions are outlined, which turn out to be admissible for the third-gradient modeling of elastic materials. It is shown how such loading, when prescribed over the boundary surface, along the border edges and at the wedges of a deformable body in the Eulerian configuration, can be transformed into the Lagrangian description generating multiple interactions, with a surprising deformation-induced coupling. Such a phenomenon becomes more and more important at increasing the order of the $$\beta $$
β
-forces, specified by duality as covectors expending work on the $$\beta $$
β
th normal derivative of the virtual displacements, being herein at most $$\beta =2$$

β
=
2

. Insights are provided into the true nature of such generalized forces, resting on the differential geometric features of the deformation process.