bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of a Mobile Health Application With Nurse Support on Quality of Life Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults in Hong Kong
Authors: Wong Arkers Kwan Ching , Wong Frances Kam Yuet , Chow Karen Kit Sum , Wong Siu Man , Bayuo Jonathan , Ho Annie Ka Ying 
Published: November 2022

ImportanceMobile health (mHealth) smartphone apps are becoming increasingly popular among older adults, although the reactive care approach of these apps has limited their usability.ObjectiveTo evaluate the effects of an interactive mHealth program supported by a health-social partnership team on quality of life (QOL) among community-dwelling older adults in Hong Kong.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis was a 3-group, randomized clinical trial conducted in 5 community centers in Hong Kong from December 1, 2020, to April 30, 2022, with a last follow-up date of January 31, 2022. Participants included older adults aged at least 60 years who were living within the service area, used a smartphone, and had at least 1 of the following problems: chronic pain, hypertension, or diabetes. Data were analyzed from May 1 to 10, 2022.InterventionsParticipants were randomly assigned to the mHealth with interactivity (mHealth+I) group, mHealth group, or control group. Participants in the mHealth+I group received the mHealth app and nurse case management supported by a health-social partnership team. The mHealth group received the mHealth app only. The control group received no mHealth app or health-social care services.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was the change in QOL from baseline to 3 months after completion of the intervention.ResultsAmong 221 participants (mean [SD] age 76.6 [8.0] years; 185 [83.7%] women), 76 were randomized to the control group, 71 were randomized to the mHealth group, and 74 were randomized to the mHealth+I group. The most common chronic diseases or problems were hypertension (147 participants [66.5%]), pain (144 participants [65.2%]), cataracts (72 participants [32.6%]), and diabetes (61 participants [27.6%]). At 3 months after the intervention and compared with the intervention group, there were no statistically significant differences in either the physical component summary (mHealth+I: β = −1.01 [95% CI, −4.13 to 2.11]; P = .53; mHealth: β = 0.22 [95% CI, −3.07 to 3.50]; P = .90) or the mental component summary (mHealth+I: β = −0.87 [95% CI, −4.42 to 2.69]; P = .63; mHealth: β = 1.73 [95% CI, −1.89 to 5.34]; P = .35) QOL scores. Only secondary outcomes, including self-efficacy (β = −2.31 [95% CI, −4.26 to −0.36]; P = .02), systolic blood pressure (β = −2.30 [95% CI, −5.00 to −0.13]; P = .04), pain levels (β = 1.18 [95% CI, 0.52 to 2.00]; P = .02), and health services utilization (β = 0.98 [95% CI, 0.32 to 2.09]; P = .048) improved in the mHealth+I group compared with the control group.Conclusions and RelevanceThis randomized clinical trial found no difference in the primary outcome between the mHealth+I group and the control group confirming that there were no incremental benefits to adding interactivity in mHealth programs for older adults with chronic diseases.Trial RegistrationClinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT03878212
Preexisting Neuropsychiatric Conditions and Associated Risk of Severe COVID-19 Infection and Other Acute Respiratory Infections
Authors: Ranger Tom Alan , Clift Ash Kieran , Patone Martina , Coupland Carol A. C. , Hatch Robert , Thomas Karen , Watkinson Peter , Hippisley-Cox Julia 
Published: November 2022

ImportanceEvidence indicates that preexisting neuropsychiatric conditions confer increased risks of severe outcomes from COVID-19 infection. It is unclear how this increased risk compares with risks associated with other severe acute respiratory infections (SARIs).ObjectiveTo determine whether preexisting diagnosis of and/or treatment for a neuropsychiatric condition is associated with severe outcomes from COVID-19 infection and other SARIs and whether any observed association is similar between the 2 outcomes.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsPrepandemic (2015-2020) and contemporary (2020-2021) longitudinal cohorts were derived from the QResearch database of English primary care records. Adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) with 99% CIs were estimated in April 2022 using flexible parametric survival models clustered by primary care clinic. This study included a population-based sample, including all adults in the database who had been registered with a primary care clinic for at least 1 year. Analysis of routinely collected primary care electronic medical records was performed.ExposuresDiagnosis of and/or medication for anxiety, mood, or psychotic disorders and diagnosis of dementia, depression, schizophrenia, or bipolar disorder.Main Outcomes and MeasuresCOVID-19–related mortality, or hospital or intensive care unit admission; SARI-related mortality, or hospital or intensive care unit admission.ResultsThe prepandemic cohort comprised 11 134 789 adults (223 569 SARI cases [2.0%]) with a median (IQR) age of 42 (29-58) years, of which 5 644 525 (50.7%) were female. The contemporary cohort comprised 8 388 956 adults (58 203 severe COVID-19 cases [0.7%]) with a median (IQR) age of 48 (34-63) years, of which 4 207 192 were male (50.2%). Diagnosis and/or treatment for neuropsychiatric conditions other than dementia was associated with an increased likelihood of a severe outcome from SARI (anxiety diagnosis: HR, 1.16; 99% CI, 1.13-1.18; psychotic disorder diagnosis and treatment: HR, 2.56; 99% CI, 2.40-2.72) and COVID-19 (anxiety diagnosis: HR, 1.16; 99% CI, 1.12-1.20; psychotic disorder treatment: HR, 2.37; 99% CI, 2.20-2.55). The effect estimate for severe outcome with dementia was higher for those with COVID-19 than SARI (HR, 2.85; 99% CI, 2.71-3.00 vs HR, 2.13; 99% CI, 2.07-2.19).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this longitudinal cohort study, UK patients with preexisting neuropsychiatric conditions and treatments were associated with similarly increased risks of severe outcome from COVID-19 infection and SARIs, except for dementia.
Risk-Benefit Balance Associated With Obstetric, Neonatal, and Child Outcomes After Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery
Authors: Rives-Lange Claire , Poghosyan Tigran , Phan Aurelie , Van Straaten Alexis , Girardeau Yannick , Nizard Jacky , Mitanchez Delphine , Ciangura Cécile , Coupaye Muriel , Carette Claire , Czernichow Sébastien , Jannot Anne-Sophie 
Published: November 2022

ImportanceMetabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) is the most efficient therapeutic option for severe obesity. Most patients who undergo MBS are women of childbearing age. Data in the scientific literature are generally of a low quality due to a lack of well-controlled prospective trials regarding obstetric, neonatal, and child outcomes.ObjectiveTo assess the risk-benefit balance associated with MBS around obstetric, neonatal, and child outcomes.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThe study included 53 813 women on the French nationwide database who underwent an MBS procedure and delivered a child between January 2012 and December 2018. Each women was their own control by comparing pregnancies before and after MBS.ExposuresThe women included were exposed to either gastric bypass or sleeve gastrectomy.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe study team first compared prematurity and birth weights in neonates born before and after maternal MBS with each other. Then they compared the frequencies of all pregnancy and child diagnoses in the first 2 years of life before and after maternal MBS with each other.ResultsA total of 53 813 women (median [IQR] age at surgery, 30 [26-35] years) were included, among 3686 women who had 1 pregnancy both before and after MBS. The study team found a significant increase in the small-for-gestational-age neonate rate after MBS (+4.4%) and a significant decrease in the large-for-gestational-age neonate rate (−12.6%). The study team highlighted that compared with pre-MBS births, after MBS births had fewer occurrences of gestational hypertension (odds ratio [OR], 0.16; 95% CI, 0.10-0.23) and gestational diabetes for the mother (OR, 0.39; 95% CI, 0.34-0.45), as well as fewer birth injuries to the skeleton (OR, 0.27; 95% CI, 0.11-0.60), febrile convulsions (OR, 0.39; 95% CI, 0.21-0.67), viral intestinal infections (OR, 0.56; 95% CI, 0.43-0.71), or carbohydrate metabolism disorders in newborns (OR, 0.54; 95% CI 0.46-0.63), but an elevated respiratory failure rate (OR, 2.42; 95% CI, 1.76-3.36) associated with bronchiolitis.Conclusions and RelevanceThe risk-benefit balance associated with MBS is highly favorable for pregnancies and newborns but may cause an increased risk of respiratory failure associated with bronchiolitis. Further studies are needed to better assess the middle- and long-term benefits and risks associated with MBS.
Characteristics of preplan‐based three‐dimensional individual template‐guided brachytherapy compared to freehand implantation
Authors: Zhang Bin , Zhang Siyu , Sun Li , Wu Yaqin , Yang Yongqin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractImage‐guided adaptive intracavitary/interstitial brachytherapy (IC/IS IGABT) has exhibited superior dosimetry advantage and local control for locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC). Our group designed a type of cylindrical three‐dimensional (3D) printed vaginal template combining an intracavitary applicator with straight and oblique interstitial needles according to the preplan on computed tomography images. This work aimed to research the consistency of the preplan with the treatment plan at every fraction to verify the practical guiding significance of the preplan. We also investigated the difference between 3D‐printed template‐guided implantation compared with freehand implantation for LACC. Twenty‐six patients were treated with 3D‐printed individual templates (3D template group), and 20 patients were treated by using freehand insertion (freehand group). Patients in the 3D template group would take a preplan one week before treatment to design and print the individual template, while the freehand group did not. All patients accepted volumetric rotational intensity‐modulated radiotherapy at a dose of 49.4 Gy in 26 fractions and subsequent brachytherapy at a dose of 26 Gy in four fractions. All analyses were performed by utilizing SPSS 26. The insertion depth was decreased in fractions 1 and 4 compared with the preplan. None of the dose volume histogram parameters of fractions 1–3, nor the D2cc of bladder and bowel at fraction 4 were barely changed compared with the preplan. The D90 and D98 of the high‐risk clinical target volume in the 3D template group were statistically higher than those in the freehand group (p < 0.01). The D2cc of the rectum, bladder, bowel, and sigmoid in the 3D template group were all lower than those in the freehand group (p < 0.01). The preplan in this research is consistent with treatment plans, which is important to ensure the feasibility of applying a 3D‐printed template in brachytherapy. The 3D‐printed individual guidance template was an effective method in brachytherapy for locally advanced cervical cancer.
A Smart Self‐Powered Rope for Water/Fire Rescue
Authors: Li Ming , Li Zengqing , Ye Xiaorui , He Wenzhan , Qu Lijun , Tian Mingwei 
Published: November 2022

AbstractRescue rope plays an indispensable role in the emergency rescue. And with the continuous development of modern society, rescue rope has been gradually developed from only with the single mechanical function to the multi‐functional rescue rope. However, the lack of smart active warning for dangers usually leads to injury or even death at complex especially some extreme environment. Herein, a smart self‐powered rope is developed by integrating fiber‐based Zn battery unit and traditional rope unit based on the mature braiding technology, which performs desirable electrochemical performance (specific capacity of 31.1 mAh cm−3 and stable cycling stability of 81.95% after 1000 cycles). Moreover, the floatable self‐powered rope and thermoduric self‐powered rope are demonstrated in extreme environment to indicate their potential application for practical water/fire rescue. Therefore, smart active response is successfully realized with the integration toward fiber‐based Zn battery and rescue rope, which largely shorten the rescue time to protect the safety and health of the human body. This study provides an effective strategy of the construction of smart rope used in emergency rescue.
Strong and Ultra‐Tough Supramolecular Hydrogel Enabled by Strain‐Induced Microphase Separation
Authors: Wu Jiayu , Zhang Zhixing , Wu Zhenyuan , Liu Desheng , Yang Xingxing , Wang Yixian , Jia Xin , Xu Xin , Jiang Pan , Wang Xiaolong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractArchitected hydrogels are widely used in biomedicine, soft robots, and flexible electronics while still possess big challenges in strong toughness, and shape modeling. Here, inspired with the universal hydrogen bonding interactions in biological systems, a strain‐induced microphase separation path toward achieving the printable, tough supramolecular polymer hydrogels by hydrogen bond engineering is developed. Specifically, it subtly designs and fabricates the poly (N‐acryloylsemicarbazide‐co‐acrylic acid) hydrogels with high hydrogen bond energy by phase conversion induced hydrogen bond reconstruction. The resultant hydrogels exhibited the unique strain‐induced microphase separation behavior, resulting in the excellent strong toughness with, for example, an ultimate stress of 9.1 ± 0.3 MPa, strain levels of 1020 ± 126%, toughness of 33.7 ± 6.6 MJ m−3, and fracture energy of 171.1 ± 34.3 kJ m−2. More importantly, the hydrogen bond engineered supramolecular hydrogels possess dynamic shape memory character, i.e shape fixing at low temperature while recovery after heating. As the proof of concept, the tailored hydrogel stents are readily manufactured by 3D printing, which showed good biocompatibility, load‐bearing and drug elution, being beneficial for the biomedical applications. It is believed that the present 3D printing of the architected dynamic hydrogels with ultrahigh toughness can broaden their applications.
Flexible and Zwitterionic Fluorinated Hydrogel Scaffold with High Fluorine Content for Noninvasive 19F Magnetic Resonance Imaging under Ultrahigh Scanning Resolution
Authors: Feng Zujian , Li Qinghua , Li Shuangyang , Zhang Yushan , Liu Xiang , Zhang Chuangnian , Dong Anjie , Kong Deling , Wang Weiwei , Huang Pingsheng 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe imaging of hydrogel scaffolds by 19F magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) represents an attractive tool for straightforward and noninvasive monitoring of their morphology and in vivo fate. However, their further applications are significantly limited by a dilemma of insufficient signal resolution with low 19F content, and/or hydrophobic aggregation of fluorine moieties‐induced signal attenuation with high 19F content. Herein, a novel label‐free fluorinated hydrogel (PFCB) is fabricated with high fluorine content to realize noninvasive monitoring through 19F MRI under ultrahigh scanning resolution (1 mm of scanning thickness). The integration of a zwitterionic unit into each fluorine moiety completely overcame the hydrophobic aggregation‐induced signal attenuation, manifesting as high 19F content and imaging performance. Importantly, 3D reconstruction of the PFCB hydrogel in vivo can be facilely and accurately performed with background free signals, providing detailed biological information of the implanted hydrogel. Additionally, PFCB hydrogel showed adjustable and high mechanical performance, and exhibited minimum foreign body reaction after implantation. As a proof of concept, PFCB hydrogel could be further applied as gel electrodes and wireless flexible sensors for healthcare monitoring. Overall, such label‐free fluorinated PFCB hydrogel is an ideal flexible scaffold for eventual clinical applications integrating 19F MRI‐guided unequivocally 3D reconstruction and healthcare monitoring.
One‐Pot Facile Encapsulation of Dimethyloxallyl Glycine by Nanoscale Zeolitic Imidazolate Frameworks‐8 for Enhancing Vascularized Bone Regeneration
Authors: Zhang Xin , Chen Jun‐Yu , Pei Xiang , Li Ya‐Hong , Feng Hao , He Zi‐Han , Xie Wen‐Jia , Pei Xi‐Bo , Zhu Zhou , Wan Qian‐Bing , Wang Jian 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn the process of bone tissue regeneration, regulation of osteogenesis–angiogenesis coupling is of great importance. Therefore, dimethyloxallyl glycine (DMOG) is loaded by nanoscale zeolitic imidazolate frameworks‐8 (ZIF‐8) to obtain a drug‐loading system that can promote osteogenesis–angiogenesis coupling. Characterization of the drug‐loading nanoparticles (DMOG@ZIF‐8) reveals that DMOG is successfully loaded into ZIF‐8 by two different methods, and the DMOG@ZIF‐8 is prepared using the one‐pot method (OD@ZIF‐8) achieves higher loading efficiency and longer release time than those prepared using the post‐loading method (PD@ZIF‐8). In vitro studies found that DMOG@ZIF‐8 significantly enhances the migration, tube formation, and angiogenesis‐related protein secretion of human umbilical vein endothelial cells as well as the extracellular matrix mineralization, alkaline phosphatase activity, and osteogenesis‐related protein secretion of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Moreover, OD@ZIF‐8 nanoparticles are more efficient than PD@ZIF‐8 nanoparticles in induction of osteogenesis–angiogenesis coupling. Then, in vivo cranial critical defect model shows that the addition of OD@ZIF‐8 significantly promotes vascularized bone formation as indicated by the results including microcomputed tomographic, histological and immunofluorescence staining, and so on. Taken together, loading ZIF‐8 with DMOG may be a promising solution for critical‐sized bone defect reconstruction and the one‐pot method is preferred in the preparation of such drug‐loading system.
Highly Efficient Flexible Perovskite Solar Cells through Pentylammonium Acetate Modification with Certified Efficiency of 23.35%
Authors: Gao Danpeng , Li Bo , Li Zhen , Wu Xin , Zhang Shoufeng , Zhao Dan , Jiang Xiaofen , Zhang Chunlei , Wang Yan , Li Zhenjiang , Li Nan , Xiao Shuang , Choy Wallace C. H. , Jen Alex K.‐Y. , Yang Shangfeng , Zhu Zonglong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAmong the emerging photovoltaic technologies, rigid perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have made tremendous development owing to their exceptional power conversion efficiency (PCE) of up to 25.7%. However, the record PCE of flexible PSCs (≈22.4%) still lags far behind their rigid counterparts and their mechanical stabilities are also not satisfactory. Herein, through modifying the interface between perovskite and hole transport layer via pentylammonium acetate (PenAAc) molecule a highly efficient and stable flexible inverted PSC is reported. Through synthetic manipulation of anion and cation, it is shown that the PenA+ and Ac− have strong chemical binding with both acceptor and donor defects of surface‐terminating ends on perovskite films. The PenAAc‐modified flexible PSCs achieve a record PCE of 23.68% (0.08 cm2, certified: 23.35%) with a high open‐circuit voltage (VOC) of 1.17 V. Large‐area devices (1.0 cm2) also realized an exceptional PCE of 21.52%. Moreover, the fabricated devices show excellent stability under mechanical bending, with PCE remaining above 91% of the original PCE even after 5000 bends.
A Dual‐Functional Triboelectric Nanogenerator Based on the Comprehensive Integration and Synergetic Utilization of Triboelectrification, Electrostatic Induction, and Electrostatic Discharge to Achieve Alternating Current/Direct Current Convertible Outputs
Authors: Zeng Qixuan , Chen Ai , Zhang Xiaofang , Luo Yanlin , Tan Liming , Wang Xue 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTraditional alternating current (AC) and direct current (DC) triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs), which are implemented via the pairwise coupling of triboelectrification, electrostatic induction, and electrostatic discharge, have been widely explored in various fields. In this work, the comprehensive integration and synergetic utilization of triboelectrification, electrostatic induction, and electrostatic discharge in a single device for the first time is realized, achieving a dual‐functional TENG (DF‐TENG) to produce an AC/DC convertible output. Distinguishing from the conventional TENGs, the coupling of triboelectrification and electrostatic discharge enables charge circulation between the dielectric tribo‐layers, while electrostatic induction realizes charge transfer in the external circuit. This novel energy conversion mechanism has been proven to be applicable to a variety of materials, including polymers, fabrics, and semiconductors. The output mode of the DF‐TENG can be tuned by adjusting the slider motion state, and its constant output current and power density can reach 1.51 mA m−2 Hz−1 and 398 mW m−2 Hz−1, respectively, which are the highest records reported for constant DC‐TENGs to date. This work not only provides a paradigm shift to achieve AC/DC convertible output, but it also exhibits high potential for extending the TENG design philosophy.
Carbon Nanocage with Maximum Utilization of Atomically Dispersed Iron as Efficient Oxygen Electroreduction Nanoreactor
Authors: Tang Xiannong , Wei Yuanhao , Zhai Weijuan , Wu Yonggan , Hu Ting , Yuan Kai , Chen Yiwang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAs key parameters of electrocatalysts, the density and utilization of active sites determine the electrocatalytic performance toward oxygen reduction reaction. Unfortunately, prevalent oxygen electrocatalysts fail to maximize the utilization of active sites due to inappropriate nanostructural design. Herein, a nano‐emulsion induced polymerization self‐assembly strategy is employed to prepare hierarchical meso‐/microporous N/S co‐doped carbon nanocage with atomically dispersed FeN4 (denoted as Meso/Micro‐FeNSC). In situ scanning electrochemical microscopy technology reveals the density of available active sites for Meso/Micro‐FeNSC reach to 3.57 × 1014 sites cm−2, representing more than threefold improvement compared to micropore‐dominant Micro‐FeNSC counterpart (1.07 × 1014 sites cm−2). Additionally, the turnover frequency of Meso/Micro‐FeNSC is also improved to 0.69 from 0.50 e− site−1 s−1 for Micro‐FeNSC. These properties motivate Meso/Micro‐FeNSC as efficient oxygen electroreduction electrocatalyst, in terms of outstanding half‐wave potential (0.91 V), remarkable kinetic mass specific activity (68.65 A g−1), and excellent robustness. The assembled Zn–air batteries with Meso/Micro‐FeNSC deliver high peak power density (264.34 mW cm−2), large specific capacity (814.09 mA h g−1), and long cycle life (>200 h). This work sheds lights on quantifying active site density and the significance of maximum utilization of active sites for rational design of advanced catalysts.