bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Heavy Metal Stress Tolerance by Serratia nematodiphila sp. MB307: Insights
from Mass Spectrometry-based Proteomics
Authors: Yasmin Azra , Basharat Zarrin , Moon Kyung-Mee , Foster Leonard J. 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Heavy metals impact living organism deleteriously when exceed the required limits. Their remediation by bacteria is a much pursued area of environmental research. In this study, we explored the quantitative changes for four heavy metals (Cadmium, Chromium, Zinc, Copper), on global and membrane proteome of gram negative S. nematodiphila MB307. This is a versatile bacterium, isolated from rhizosphere of heavy metal tolerating plant and equipped with characteristics ranging from useful biopeptide production to remediation of metals.

Methods:
We explored changes in its static end products of coding DNA sequences i.e. proteins after 24 incubation under metal stress, using LC-MS/MS. Data analysis was done using MaxQuant software coupled with Perseus package.

Results:
Up and downregulated protein fractions consisted prominently of chaperones, membrane integrity proteins, mobility or transporter proteins. Comparative analysis with previously studied bacteria and functional contribution of these proteins in metal stress offers evidence for survival of S. nematodiphila under high concentrations of selected metals.

Conclusion:
The outcomes validate that this soil derived bacterium is well attuned to remove these metals from soil, water and may be additionally useful for boosting phytoremediation of metals. This study delivers interesting insights and overlays ground for further investigations into mechanistic activity of this bacterium under pollutant stress.
Heart Failure And Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Neurohumoral, Histological
And Molecular Interconnections
Authors: Ivanchenko V. , Ushakov A. , Gagarina A. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract:
Heart failure (HF) is a global healthcare burden and a leading cause of morbidity and
mortality worldwide. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) appears to be one of the major risk factors
that significantly worsen HF prognosis and increase the risk of fatal cardiovascular outcomes. Despite
a great knowledge of pathophysiological mechanisms involved in HF development and progression,
hospitalization rates in patients with HF and concomitant T2DM remain elevated. In this
review, we discuss the complex interplay between systemic neurohumoral regulation and local
cardiac mechanisms participating in myocardial remodeling and HF development in T2DM with
special attention to cardiomyocyte energy metabolism, mitochondrial function and calcium metabolism,
cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and death, extracellular matrix remodeling.
Neurocognitive Changes in Chronic Hepatitis C Patients Receiving Combination
Therapy of Interferon and Ribavirin: A Systematic Review
Authors: Khan Mohd Ashif , Wani Momin Altaf , Agarwal Nidhi B. , Yasmeen  
Published: June 2022

Background:
Approximately 3% of the world’s total population is affected by the Hepatitis
C virus (HCV). The treatment for HCV differs widely across countries, and one of the therapies used
is the combination of interferon (INF) and ribavirin (RBV). Few studies have shown that this combination
increases the rate of sustained virological response in HCV patients, resulting in beneficial effects
on cognition, while other studies report that it leads to cognitive decline. Thus, this systematic
review aims to assess the effects of INF+RBV therapy on neurocognitive changes in HCV patients.

Methods:
Studies reporting the effect of INF+RBV on neurocognitive changes were searched using
Scopus, PubMed, Academia, Google Scholar, Science Direct, and Cochrane. The studies were retrieved
till August 23, 2021. The quality assessment of the included studies was done using
Cochrane’s bias assessment tool.

Results:
A total of 6380 articles were found in the initial search. After removing the duplicates, 619
articles were screened on the basis of titles. Further, after the screening, 54 articles were screened on
the basis of abstract, and finally, 16 articles were included in this study. Nine studies reported a decline
in cognitive function post-INF+RBV therapy, while 7 articles reported improvement in cognitive functions.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, the combination therapy of INF and RBV may result in cognitive decline
in HCV patients.
Diagnosis and Acute Treatment of Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Lauritano Ernesto Cristiano , Sepe Federica Nicoletta , Mascolo Maria Carmela , Boverio Riccardo , Ruiz Luigi 
Published: June 2022

Abstract:
Stroke is defined as an acute cerebrovascular accident characterized by an interruption of vascular supply lasting more than 24 hours. Therapeutic goal, reassumed at the well-known “time is brain”, is strictly focused on achieving timely restoration of cerebral blood flow at risk of infarction to reduce neurological complications. Consequently, time to treatment is the most important determinant of the efficacy of reperfusion. Current guidelines strongly recommend the use of intravenous thrombolysis with tissue plasminogen activator and endovascular thrombectomy to reach that goal. These therapies allow to obtain 1.9 million neurons saved per each minute of onset-to-reperfusion time and 4.2 days of extra healthy life and are crucial in the reduction of mortality and morbidity of ischemic stroke. Multidisciplinary collaboration involving a coordinated prehospital management and stroke team composed of physicians with expertise in emergency medicine, neurologists, radiologists, nurses, technicians, and laboratory personnel are essential for rapid triage and should guide clinical decisions to deliver the appropriate reperfusion therapy for each patient.
Hepatic Encephalopathy by Manganese Deposition: A Case Report and a
Review of Literature
Authors: Abenavoli Ludovico , Fabiano Giulia , Procopio Anna Caterina , Aquila Isabella , Pellicano Rinaldo , Barone Stefania , Morelli Maurizio 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Hepatic encephalopathy is defined as a spectrum of neuropsychiatric disor-ders in patients with liver dysfunction, usually cirrhosis, after exclusion of brain disease. This study reports the role of manganese in brain alterations and clinical manifestations of hepatic encephalopa-thy.

Case Presentation:
Male patient, 67 years old, suffering from alcoholic liver cirrhosis and two pre-vious episodes of hepatic encephalopathy, developed drowsiness, asterixis, amnesia, disorientation in time and space, and psychomotor retardation. Brain MRI without contrast showed initial signs of cerebral atrophy, a hyperintense signal of globi pallidi and bilateral substantia nigra. The hyperintense signal of globi pallidi is the result of manganese deposition in the brain.

Conclusion:
The case report presented supports the data reported in the literature, indicating that the increase in plasma manganese levels in subjects with liver dysfunction is correlated with the onset of extrapyramidal symptoms.
Comparative Effectiveness and Safety of Rivaroxaban and Warfarin for Stroke Prevention in Patients with Non-Valvular Atrial Fibrillation in an Omani Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Al-Maawali Maya Said , Al-Naamani Hamed Hilal , Mokadem Leila Neshat , Al-Maawali Ghalib , Salman Bushra , Al-Zakwani Ibrahim 
Published: June 2022

Objective:
The aim of the study was to compare the effectiveness and safety of rivaroxaban and warfarin as well as to determine the appropriateness of dosing and prescribing of rivaroxaban in Omani patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF).

Methods:
This retrospective cohort study was conducted using the Royal Hospital data registry. The study included all adults newly diagnosed with NVAF and treated with rivaroxaban or warfarin. The outcomes measured include ischaemic stroke, gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB), non-gastrointestinal bleeding (NGIB), as well as appropriateness of dosing and prescribing of rivaroxaban.

Results:
The analysis included 96 rivaroxaban users and 183 warfarin users; 51% of the cohort included males. There were no significant differences observed in the risk of ischaemic stroke between the two groups (hazard ratio (HR), 1.1; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.4-3.4; p=0.8). However, those on rivaroxaban exhibited a significantly higher rate of GIB compared to those on warfarin (HR, 5.9; 95% CI: 2.9-11.7; p=0.001). There were no differences observed with regards to NGIB between the two groups (HR, 0.9; 95% CI: 0.4-1.9; p=0.8). Dosing and prescribing of rivaroxaban were found to be appropriate in 89% of the patients, with only 6% being prescribed an inappropriately lower dose.

Conclusion:
The study demonstrated no significant differences in the risk of ischaemic stroke or NGIB between rivaroxaban and warfarin groups in newly diagnosed NVAF patients. However, rivaroxaban users were found to have a significantly higher risk of GIB. Rivaroxaban was appropriately prescribed to the majority of the patients, and only a small proportion of the group received an inappropriately lower dose of rivaroxaban.
Periodontal Film: A Potential Treatment Strategy for Periodontitis
Authors: Dastidar Debabrata Ghosh , Ash Avinandan , Saha Debjani , Chakraborty Poulomi , Tribedi Prosun 
Published: June 2022

Abstract:
Periodontitis is a serious gum infection associated with inflammation of the periodontium around the teeth. Based on the etiology and pathogenesis, periodontitis has several conventional treatment strategies. Treatment with antibiotics and antimicrobials is the most common therapy. However, the development of drug resistance and the manifestation of side effects make conven-tional strategies ineffective. In recent decades, local drug delivery in the periodontal pocket has gained significant attention as a novel strategy. Sustained drug release at the target site (periodontal pocket) for a prolonged period is the main advantage over conventional therapy. Bioadhesive perio-dontal films are mostly used. They are thin films made up of unique mixtures of bioadhesive poly-mers, binders, plasticizers, and drug release modifiers. They can be loaded with antibiotics, metal nanoparticles, metal oxide nanoparticles, or a combination. The dried film is cut into a suitable size and inserted into the periodontal pocket for direct delivery of therapeutic agents. Thus, a smaller dose is required, and systemic side effects are avoided. In this manuscript, the pathophysiology of periodontitis, the role of biofilm formation, development of periodontal film loaded with antibiotics and nanoparticles have been reviewed, and the future aspects have been discussed.
Bolívar Echeverría: Für eine alternative Moderne. Studien zu Krise, Kultur und Mestizaje
Authors: Robles Gustavo 
Published: June 2022

Rezension von Bolívar Echeverría: Für eine alternative Moderne. Studien zu Krise, Kultur und Mestizaje. Herausgegeben von David Graaff, Javier Sigüenza und Lukas Böckmann. Berlin: Argument Verlag/InkriT 2021.
Evaluation of a Text Message–Based COVID-19 Vaccine Outreach Program Among Older Patients: Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Ahmed Naheed , Boxley Christian , Dixit Ram , Krevat Seth , Fong Allan , Ratwani Raj M , Wesley Deliya B 
Published: June 2022

Background
COVID-19 vaccines are vital tools in the defense against infection and serious disease due to SARS-CoV-2. There are many challenges to implementing mass vaccination campaigns for large, diverse populations from crafting vaccine promotion messages to reaching individuals in a timely and effective manner. During this unprecedented period, with COVID-19 mass vaccination campaigns essential for protecting vulnerable patient populations and attaining herd immunity, health care systems were faced with the dual challenges of vaccine outreach and distribution.

Objective
The aim of this cross-sectional study was to assess the effectiveness of a COVID-19 vaccine text outreach approach for patients aged 65 years and older. Our goal was to determine whether this approach was successful in scheduling patients for COVID-19 vaccine appointments.

Methods
We developed SMS text messages using the Tavoca platform. These messages informed patients of their vaccine eligibility and allowed them to indicate their interest in scheduling an appointment via a specific method (email or phone) or indicate their lack of interest in the vaccine. We tracked the status of these messages and how patients responded. Messages were sent to patients aged 65 years and older (N=30,826) at a nonprofit health care system in Washington, DC. Data were collected and examined from January 14 to May 10, 2021. Data were analyzed using multivariate multinomial and binary logistic regression models in SAS (version 9.4; SAS Institute Inc).

Results
Approximately 57% of text messages were delivered to patients, but many messages received no response from patients (40%). Additionally, 42.1% (12,978/30,826) of messages were not delivered. Of the patients who expressed interest in the vaccine (2938/30,826, 9.5%), Black or African American patients preferred a phone call rather than an email for scheduling their appointment (odds ratio [OR] 1.69, 95% CI 1.29-2.21) compared to White patients. Patients aged 70-74 years were more likely to schedule an appointment (OR 1.38, 95% CI 1.01-1.89) than those aged 65-69 years, and Black or African American patients were more likely to schedule an appointment (OR 2.90, 95% CI 1.72-4.91) than White patients.

Conclusions
This study provides insights into some advantages and challenges of using a text messaging vaccine outreach for patients aged 65 years and older. Lessons learned from this vaccine campaign underscore the importance of using multiple outreach methods and sharing of patient vaccination status between health systems, along with a patient-centered approach to address vaccine hesitancy and access issues.
An Augmented Reality Technology to Provide Demonstrative Inhaler Technique Education for Patients With Asthma: Interview Study Among Patients, Health Professionals, and Key Community Stakeholders
Authors: O'Connor Antonia , Sharrad Kelsey , King Charmaine , Carson-Chahhoud Kristin 
Published: June 2022

Background
Many people with asthma use incorrect inhaler technique, resulting in suboptimal disease management and increased health service use. Novel ways of delivering appropriate instructions are needed.

Objective
This study explored stakeholder perspectives on the potential use of augmented reality (AR) technology to improve asthma inhaler technique education.

Methods
On the basis of existing evidence and resources, an information poster displaying the images of 22 asthma inhaler devices was developed. Using AR technology via a free smartphone app, the poster launched video demonstrations of correct inhaler technique for each device. In total, 21 semistructured, one‐on‐one interviews with health professionals, people with asthma, and key community stakeholders were conducted, and data were analyzed thematically using the Triandis model of interpersonal behavior.

Results
A total of 21 participants were recruited into the study, and data saturation was achieved. People with asthma were confident with inhaler technique (mean score 9.17, SD 1.33, out of 10). However, health professionals and key community stakeholders identified that this perception was misguided (mean 7.25, SD 1.39, and mean 4.5, SD 0.71, for health professionals and key community stakeholders, respectively) and facilitates persistent incorrect inhaler use and suboptimal disease management. Delivering inhaler technique education using AR was favored by all participants (21/21, 100%), particularly around ease of use, with the ability to visually display inhaler techniques for each device. There was a strongly held belief that the technology has the capacity for improving inhaler technique across all participant groups (mean 9.25, SD 0.89, for participants; mean 9.83, SD 0.41, for health professionals; and mean 9.5, SD 0.71, for key community stakeholders). However, all participants (21/21, 100%) identified some barriers, particularly regarding access and appropriateness of AR for older people.

Conclusions
AR technology may be a novel means to address poor inhaler technique among certain cohorts of patients with asthma and serve as a prompt for health professionals to initiate review of inhaler devices. A randomized controlled trial design is needed to evaluate the efficacy of this technology for use in the clinical care setting.
Analisis Kualitas Mikrobiologi Udara Dalam Kamar Operasi Pada Instalasi Bedah Sentral Rumah Sakit “X” Kota Jambi Tahun 2019
Authors: Charuniza Titiek , Syarifuddin Hutwan , Jalius Jalius 
Published: June 2022

Udara pada ruang operasi sangat perlu mendapat perhatian. Pencemaran udara yang terjadi dengan meningkatnya konsentrasi kuman dapat berpotensi menjadi pencetus kejadian infeksi pada situs bedah (SSI). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kualitas udara dalam ruang operasi terhadap parameter mikrobiologi terkait dengan konsentrasi kuman dan factor penyebab keberadaan kuman diudara pada ruang operasi serta strategi dalam pengelolaan kualitas udara dalam ruang kamar operasi pada Instalasi Bedah Sentral Rumah Sakit ‘X’ Jambi tahun 2019.
Sampel udara dikumpulkan dari area nuklei pada delapan kamar operasi sebelum pelaksanaan tindakan bedah menggunakan air sampler Mass NT 100 dan dianalisis dengan metode Angka Lempeng Total. Analisa dilakukan pada sifat fisik udara dan sarana prasaran yang ada pada ruang operasi. Faktor penyebab akan digunakan untuk membuat strategi kebijakan dalam pengelolaan kualitas udara dengan metode SWOT. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan kualitas udara pada semua ruang kamar operasi belum memenuhi standar baku mutu untuk parameter mikrobiologi dengan jumlah kuman pencemar tertinggi 600 CFU/m3 dan terendah 30 CFU/m3 dengan rata-rata 260 CFU/m3. Penyebab tingginya konsentrasi kuman pada ruangan operasi berhubungan dengan sarana prasarana dan sifat fisik udara yang tidak memenuhi syarat. Kurangnya pemeliharaan terhadap sarana prasarana menjadi faktor penyebab keberadaan kuman udara yang tinggi pada ruang operasi. Strategi pengelolaan yang ditawarkan adalah peningkatan kualitas sarana prasarana dan SDM yang tersedia serta melaksanakan fungsi monitoring dan evaluasi terhadap operasional kamar operasi.

Kata kunci : Kualitas mikrobilogi udara, kamar operasi, strategi pengelolaan.
Business Strategy, Financial Reporting Violations, and Audit Pricing in an Emerging Market—Evidence from China
Authors: Chen Li , Hu Fang , Krishnan Ananya , Li Lina Z 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT
We examine whether a firm's business strategy is associated with financial reporting violations and audit fees in an emerging market setting. We follow the typology of Miles and Snow (1978, 2003) that describes a strategy continuum with the innovative “prospector” strategy and the cost-leadership “defender” strategy at the two ends. Using data from China, we find that prospectors are associated with more financial reporting violations and higher audit fees than defenders. Specifically, prospectors are positively associated with the occurrence of inadvertent reporting violations. Further analysis reveals that the increase in audit fees for prospectors is not different among firms exposed to different levels of business risk (proxied by ownership structure, auditor size, and leverage). We conjecture that the associations between business strategy and financial reporting violations and audit fees in China are due to firm financial reporting risks arising from accounting complexity.
Data Availability: Data used are available from public sources indicated in the text.
The Influence of Regulatory Change on Hospital Medicare Cost Reporting
Authors: Di Paolo Harrison Brandon M. , Braymen Charles , Hoag Matthew L. 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACTHospitals function within an environment in which regulation influences their daily operation, reporting, and reimbursement. This study tests whether regulatory reporting is affected by significant regulatory change. To examine whether this relationship exists, we utilize a comprehensive sample of more than 22,000 Medicare cost reports (MCRs) and corresponding MCR status changes spanning 2007–2014, surrounding the passage of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010 (“ACA”). We find that hospitals restate more Medicare cost reports in the post-ACA (2012–2014) period suggesting that regulatory reporting accuracy declines overall. The analysis is expanded to examine reporting accuracy across hospital types. There is an increase in MCR restatements by all hospitals following the ACA, but the timing varies. Further analysis reveals that the increase in restatements following the ACA is due to an increase in amended returns that outweighs a decline in MCRs that are reopened following their settlement.
Fat-distribution patterns and future type-2 diabetes
Authors: Yamazaki Hajime , Tauchi Shinichi , Machann Jürgen , Haueise Tobias , Yamamoto Yosuke , Dohke Mitsuru , Hanawa Nagisa , Kodama Yoshihisa , Katanuma Akio , Stefan Norbert , Fritsche Andreas , Birkenfeld Andreas L. , Wagner Róbert , Heni Martin 
Published: June 2022

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<p>Fat accumulation in the liver, pancreas, skeletal muscle, and visceral bed relates to type-2 diabetes (T2D). However, the distribution of fat among these compartments is heterogenous and it is unclear whether specific distribution patterns indicate high T2D risk. We therefore investigated fat-distribution patterns and their link to future T2D. From 2168 individuals without diabetes who underwent computed tomography in Japan, this case-cohort study included 658 randomly selected individuals and 146 incident cases of T2D over 6 years of follow-up. Using data-driven analysis (k-means) based on fat content in the liver, pancreas, muscle, and visceral bed, we identified four fat-distribution clusters: Hepatic steatosis, Pancreatic steatosis, Trunk myosteatosis, and Steatopenia. Compared with the Steatopenia cluster, the adjusted hazard ratios (95% CIs) for incident T2D were 4.02 (2.27-7.12) for the Hepatic steatosis cluster, 3.38 (1.65-6.91) for the Pancreatic steatosis cluster, and 1.95 (1.07-3.54) for the Trunk myosteatosis cluster. The clusters were replicated in 319 German individuals without diabetes who underwent magnetic resonance imaging and metabolic phenotyping. The distribution of AUC-glucose across the four clusters found in Germany was similar to the distribution of T2D risk across the four clusters in Japan. Insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion differed across the four clusters. Thus, we identified patterns of fat distribution with different T2D risks presumably due to differences in insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion.</p>