bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Search for Evidence of a Direct Relationship between Tinnitus and Suicide
Authors: Jacobson Gary P. , McCaslin Devin L. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe purpose of this investigation was to determine whether there exists in the scientific literature support for a cause and effect relationship between tinnitus and suicide. MEDLINE and HealthStar databases were queried using the combined search terms “tinnitus” and “suicide” over the time period from 1966 to 2001 for MEDLINE and from 1975 to 2001 for HealthStar. Foreign-language reports were included if they had been translated into English or, at least, if they contained an English-language translation of the abstract. A total of three published reports pertinent to this topic were recovered. None of these reports showed a causal relationship between tinnitus and suicide. More often, patients who had attempted or committed suicide had significant preexisting psychiatric conditions, the most common being depression. Accordingly, it is our conclusion that nowhere in the existing literature is there any evidence supporting a cause and effect relationship between tinnitus and suicide.
Evaluation of Hearing Handicaps and Presbyacusis Using World Wide Web-Based Calculators
Authors: Kavanagh Kevin T. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis article is a clinical report on the applicability of computer software in determining hearing handicaps and presbyacusis. The software is now World Wide Web based and can be implemented in a clinical setting by using JavaScript calculators housed on the World Wide Web at. Added features consist of calculating the maximum recommended allowable noise exposure using the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health 1997 frequencies in handicap determination and the projection of future audiometric thresholds using the International Standards Organization 1999 compression factor. A review of the literature and the theoretical and clinical applications of these new features are discussed. A guide in the selection of Web-based development software is also presented in the hope of encouraging other researchers to develop Web-based versions of their software applications.
Abbreviations: AAO = American Academy of Otolaryngology; AAOO = American Academy of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology; ASHA = American Speech-Language-Hearing Association; CHABA = Committee on Hearing, Bioacoustics, and Biomechanics for the National Academy of Sciences, National Research Council; HTL = hearing threshold level; IARL = initial age-related loss; IHT = initial hearing threshold; ISO = International Standards Organization; NIL = noise-induced loss; NIOSH = National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health; OSHA = Occupational Safety and Health Administration; PARL = projected age-related loss
Human Frequency-Following Responses: Representation of Second Formant Transitions in Normal-Hearing and Hearing-Impaired Listeners
Authors: Plyler Patrick N. , Ananthanarayan A.K. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAuditory nerve single-unit studies have demonstrated that phase-locking plays an important role in the neural encoding of the spectrum of speech-like sounds. Recently, it has been reported that the phase-locked activity underlying the scalp-recorded human frequencyfollowing response (FFR) also encodes the first two formants of several steady-state vowels and the time-variant frequency presented in tonal sweeps. The purpose of this study was to determine (1) if FFR can encode the time-varying second formant transitions in synthetic stop consonant stimuli in normal-hearing and hearing-impaired listeners, (2) if hearing-impairment causes degradation of this neural representation, and (3) if the degraded representation is correlated with reduced consonant identification in hearing-impaired listeners. FFRs were obtained from normal-hearing and hearing-impaired listeners in response to several synthetic stop consonants. The results demonstrated that the FFR did encode the second formant transition in normal-hearing listeners. However, FFR encoding was severely degraded in most of the hearing-impaired listeners. Further, comparison of identification and FFR data for individual hearing-impaired listeners appears to suggest that degradation in the neural representation of the second formant transition may be accompanied by reduction in identification performance.
Abbreviations: FFR = frequency-following response
Externalization in the platform economy: Social platforms and institutions
Authors: Chen Liang , Li Sali , Wei Jiang , Yang Yang 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe growing platform economy has revived the debate on the applicability of internalization theory in contemporary contexts. In moving this debate forward, we draw on insights from hybrids research and property rights theory to complement the internalization school. Our core contribution lies in a reconceptualization of platforms as a hybrid organizational form enabling the exchange of property rights between platform owners and complementors. Using social platforms as an example, we propose that improvement in a host country’s intellectual property protection will increase the multinational platform’s (MNP) level of internalization, and that the platform firm’s governance capabilities may weaken the effect of institutions on its operation mode. Our theoretical analysis yields new insights beyond the received view of internationalization that builds on the assumption of internalized proprietary resources. We conclude that internalization theory, as an overarching paradigm in IB, remains adaptable to new organizational forms in the digital economy.
Effects of silage to concentrate ratio and duration of feeding on the fatty acid composition of ovine muscle and adipose tissue
Authors: Gravador R. S. , Fahey A. G. , Harrison S. M. , Gkarane V. , Moloney A. P. , Brunton N. P. , Claffey N. A. , Diskin M. G. , Farmer L. J. , Allen P. , Monahan F. J. 
Published: March 2022

Context Dietary strategies may influence the fatty acid composition of sheep meat and ultimately its nutritional and sensory quality. Aim This study investigated the effects of silage to concentrate ratio and feeding duration on the concentration of intramuscular fatty acids and branched chain fatty acid in subcutaneous adipose tissue of lambs. Methods Pasture fed lambs were assigned in groups of 11 to one of nine dietary treatments consisting of silage to cereal concentrate at ratios (dry matter basis) of 100:0 (silage), 50:50 (silage:concentrate) or 0:100 (concentrate) for three feeding durations (36, 54 or 72 days) pre-slaughter. A 10th group of 11 lambs remained at pasture until slaughter. Fatty acid methyl esters were prepared using a microwave-assisted method and quantified by gas chromatography with flame ionisation detection. Results The concentration of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and proportions of C18:3n-3 and C18:2 cis-9 trans-11 decreased for mixed feed and/or concentrate treatments, but not for silage, from 36 to 72 days. The C18:2n-6 and n-6 PUFA concentrations increased for mixed feed and concentrate, but not for silage, from 36 to 72 days. The animals that remained at pasture had lower C18:2n-6 and n-6 PUFA than those receiving mixed feed for 72 days, concentrate for 54 days and concentrate for 72 days, but higher C18:3n-3, C18:2 cis-9 trans-11 and n-3 PUFA concentrations than the indoor finishing groups. The n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio was lower in pastured lambs compared to the other groups. 4-Methyloctanoic acid and 4-ethyloctanoic acid were higher in concentrate and mixed feed treatments than in silage while 4-methylnonanoic acid increased with increase in concentrate level in the diet. Conclusion The ratio of silage to concentrate in the diet and duration of feeding pre-slaughter influence the fatty acid composition of muscle and subcutaneous adipose tissue of lambs. Implications The results are important for lamb producers in understanding the nutritional and sensory implications of altering lamb diets.
Encouraging voluntary government action via a solar-friendly designation program to promote solar energy in the United States
Authors: Gao Xue , Canfield Casey , Tang Tian , Hill Hunter , Higman Morgan , Cornwell John 
Published: March 2022

Significance
Due to market and system failures, policies and programs at the local level are needed to accelerate the renewable energy transition. A voluntary environmental program (VEP), such as SolSmart, can encourage local governments to adopt solar-friendly best practices. Unlike previous research, this study uses a national sample, more recent data, and a matched control group for difference-in-differences estimation to quantify the causal impact of a VEP in the public, rather than private, sector. We offer empirical evidence that SolSmart increased installed solar capacity and, with less statistical significance, the number of solar installations. The results inform the design of sustainability-focused VEPs and future research to understand the causal pathways between local governments’ voluntary actions and solar market development.
Destabilization of β Cell FIT2 by saturated fatty acids alter lipid droplet numbers and contribute to ER stress and diabetes
Authors: Zheng Xiaofeng , Ho Qing Wei Calvin , Chua Minni , Stelmashenko Olga , Yeo Xin Yi , Muralidharan Sneha , Torta Federico , Chew Elaine Guo Yan , Lian Michelle Mulan , Foo Jia Nee , Jung Sangyong , Wong Sunny Hei , Tan Nguan Soon , Tong Nanwei , Rutter Guy A. , Wenk Markus R. , Silver David L. , Berggren Per-Olof , Ali Yusuf 
Published: March 2022

SignificanceWith obesity on the rise, there is a growing appreciation for intracellular lipid droplet (LD) regulation. Here, we show how saturated fatty acids (SFAs) reduce fat storage–inducing transmembrane protein 2 (FIT2)–facilitated, pancreatic β cell LD biogenesis, which in turn induces β cell dysfunction and death, leading to diabetes. This mechanism involves direct acylation of FIT2 cysteine residues, which then marks the FIT2 protein for endoplasmic reticulum (ER)–associated degradation. Loss of β cell FIT2 and LDs reduces insulin secretion, increases intracellular ceramides, stimulates ER stress, and exacerbates diet-induced diabetes in mice. While palmitate and stearate degrade FIT2, unsaturated fatty acids such as palmitoleate and oleate do not, results of which extend to nutrition and diabetes.
Structural basis for the oligomerization-mediated regulation of NLRP3 inflammasome activation
Authors: Ohto Umeharu , Kamitsukasa Yukie , Ishida Hanako , Zhang Zhikuan , Murakami Karin , Hirama Chie , Maekawa Sakiko , Shimizu Toshiyuki 
Published: March 2022

Significance
The nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) is a pattern recognition receptor that forms an inflammasome. The cryo-electron microscopy structure of the dodecameric form of full-length NLRP3 bound to the clinically relevant NLRP3-specific inhibitor MCC950 has established the structural basis for the oligomerization-mediated regulation of NLRP3 inflammasome activation and the mechanism of action of the NLRP3 specific inhibitor. The inactive NLRP3 oligomer represents the NLRP3 resting state, capable of binding to membranes and is likely disrupted for its activation. Visualization of the inhibitor binding mode will enable optimization of the activity of NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor drugs.
The evolution of brain neuron numbers in amniotes
Authors: Kverková Kristina , Marhounová Lucie , Polonyiová Alexandra , Kocourek Martin , Zhang Yicheng , Olkowicz Seweryn , Straková Barbora , Pavelková Zuzana , Vodička Roman , Frynta Daniel , Němec Pavel 
Published: March 2022

Significance
The evolution of brain processing capacity has traditionally been inferred from data on brain size. However, similarly sized brains of distantly related species can differ in the number and distribution of neurons, their basic computational units. Therefore, a finer-grained approach is needed to reveal the evolutionary paths to increased cognitive capacity. Using a new, comprehensive dataset, we analyzed brain cellular composition across amniotes. Compared to reptiles, mammals and birds have dramatically increased neuron numbers in the telencephalon and cerebellum, which are brain parts associated with higher cognition. Astoundingly, a phylogenetic analysis suggests that as few as four major changes in neuron–brain scaling in over 300 million years of evolution pave the way to intelligence in endothermic land vertebrates.
Relative clauses in child heritage speakers of Turkish in the United States
Authors: Coşkun Kunduz Aylin , Montrul Silvina 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
How does complex syntax develop in heritage language children? This study investigates child Turkish heritage
speakers’ comprehension and production of relative clauses (RCs) in Turkish and in English. RCs vary on their syntactic functions
(subject, object) and show asymmetric patterns of acquisition and processing, which have been explained by linear distance,
structural distance and input factors. Thirty-two child Turkish HS (ages 6–15) and 48 monolingual Turkish children (ages 3–15)
completed a picture-sentence matching (comprehension) task and a sentence repetition (production) task in Turkish. The Turkish HS
were tested on the RC comprehension and production tasks in English as well. The results indicated that the child HS showed (i) better
performance in English than in Turkish with increasing age, (ii) better comprehension than production of Turkish RCs, (iii)
replacement of complex RCs with simple juxtaposition in Turkish, and (iv) a subject advantage in comprehension. We take these findings
to suggest that Turkish RCs do not fully develop in child HS of Turkish in the U.S., although the strength of this explanation
must be corroborated by a study of child and adult HS. Overall, the findings are most compatible with the structural distance
account and other factors that may affect production.
Experiments on temperature regulation using a Peltier element and PID technique
Authors: Ponikvar Dušan 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
An experiment on temperature regulation was prepared and is regularly conducted in a laboratory course on electronic at the faculty level. The experiment demonstrates the use, problems and solutions with feedback introduced for temperature regulation. The plans for hardware and complete software to run the experiment are freely available at author’s web page. The hardware consists of easily obtainable and cheap components. Temperatures are measured by widely used semiconductor thermometer chips DS18B20 and results are presented on a PC connected to the experiment. The experiment with heating and cooling can be implemented already at a secondary school level, but the theory behind the experiment requires better understanding of mathematics (differential equations) available at faculty level. The experiment is complemented with software simulation to be used in lectures.
Addendum: Multiaxial resonant MEMS force sensor (2018 J. Micromech. Microeng.
28
105002)
Authors: Dabsch Alexander , Rosenberg Christoph , Klug Patrick , Trimmel Majesa , Keplinger Franz 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In this letter we present an MEMS Sensor to measure displacement in at least two directions. The sensor device is a resonant, Lorentz force driven and cross-shaped sensing structure whereas the measurement signal equals the change of the resonance frequency induced by the deformation of the sensor-frame. This device is a pre-study to implement the sensor in a two-dimensional micro manipulation system for which the team uses a micro system analyzer to detect the resonance frequencies of the different vibration modes. The sensor-frame deformation between 0.1 and 2 µm is generated by four piezo actuators. With this setup, the sensor achieves a sensitivity of up to 20 nm Hz−1. The device is fabricated from a 100 mm SOI wafer with standard CMOS processes and has two Pt1000 elements integrated on the device layer to compensate any effects caused by thermal extension of the structure or temperature induced changes of material parameters.
Diversified plasmonic metallic nanostructures with high aspect ratio based on templated electrochemical deposition
Authors: Pan Ruhao , Liu Qiulin , Li Guodong , Yang Yang , Geng Guangzhou , Li Chensheng , Yan Junxiang , Zhang Zhongshan , Zhao Huaizhou , Gu Changzhi , Li Junjie 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Metallic high aspect ratio (HAR) nano-architectures provide new opportunities for a series of plasmonic devices due to their additional controllable degrees in height space compared to 2D patterns, but there is no efficient way that suitable for the rapid fabrication of large area HAR structures limited by the processing ability of traditional methods. Here in this work, we have developed a templated electrochemical deposition (ECD) method to fabricate various HAR metallic nano-structures for diversified plasmonic devices. The templated ECD method is based on the ECD filling of the nanopores that are fabricated by electron beam lithography. With this templated ECD method, numbers of HAR architectures including nanorods, nanofins and even mushroom-like structures, which have a line width as small as 100 nm and the aspect ratio up to 10:1, are established over a large scale. What is more, by simultaneously considering the designed layout and edge effect, sub 10 nm nanogap arrays are prepared, whose aspect ratio reaches 100:1 and the gap width reduces to 5 nm. Due to the extreme light confinement ability brought from Fabry–Perot resonance, the HAR nanogaps can be treated as a surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate. Finite domain time difference simulation shows that fan-like 10 nm nanogap with a height of 700 nm has the largest light enhancement factor (EF). The configuration optimized nanogap is capable for the sensing of rhodamine 6G with a 10−9 M concentration. And the SERS EF of the nanogap is calculated to be 4 × 106, indicating the ultrasensitive molecular detection ability of the HAR nanogap. The templated ECD method not only brings a new chance for the construction of HAR metallic 3D structures, but also opens up a new horizon for the design of a series of plasmonic devices.
Broadband strong photon correlations of frequency-resolved single-atom resonance fluorescence generated by two equal-frequency laser fields with different amplitudes
Authors: Liu Su-jing , Peng Ze-an , Geng Xu-xing , Zhao Teng , Wu Shao-ping , Li Gao-xiang 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Frequency-resolved photon statistics of resonance fluorescence generated from a two-level system driven by a strong laser field and a weak laser field with equal frequencies are studied. The frequency resolution of fluorescent radiation is described by quantum filtering dynamics, which is simulated theoretically by two single-mode quantum optical cavities with tunable frequencies to scan the incident fluorescent radiation. By calculating the two-photon intensity–intensity correlation functions in terms of the cavity modes, we demonstrate that two-color strong correlations of resonance fluorescence can be generated not only between the opposite sidebands, but also between the central band and one of the sidebands: although both sidebands are broadened due to the perturbation of the weak laser field on the strong-field dressed atom. We emphasize that these properties are in contrast to the conventional case of the standard single-atom Mollow triplet. Moreover, if the resonance frequencies of the two filtering cavities are tuned appropriately, broadband two-color strong correlations are predicted, and the physical origin is revealed from the perspective of quantum interference of photon emission dynamics. This can be considered as a feasible scheme for the design of broadband non-classical light sources, and may be beneficial to the quantum precise detection of atomic and molecular dynamics via quantum optical spectroscopy.
Modulation of the spin transport properties of γ-graphyne by chemical anchoring groups and strain
Authors: Li Yun , Li Xiaobo , Zhang Xiaojiao , Zhang Shidong , Long Mengqiu 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Chemical anchoring groups can modulate the connection between metal electrode surfaces and central molecules and regulate the distribution of electronic states and charge transport in monomolecular device energy levels. Thus, the introduction of different anchoring groups inevitably has an influence on multifunctional molecular devices. Moreover, the strain effect is also an important method for electronic property modulation of two-dimensional materials. Therefore, in this paper, three different chemical anchoring groups are combined with compressive and tensile strains, aiming for dual-modulation behavior in the spin-resolved transport properties of γ-graphyne molecular devices. Our calculation results suggest that the chemical anchoring groups of pyrrole (C4H5N), thiophene (C4H4S), and 1H-phosphole (C4H5P) molecules combined with strain have a good regulatory effect on the transport of designed molecular devices, which can be seen from the transmission spectra and molecular energy spectrum. In addition, the dual modulation can induce the spin-polarization phenomenon and the maximum spin filtering efficiency reaches 90%. Furthermore, negative differential resistance behavior has been achieved in the proposed device, and the maximum peak-to-valley ratio can reach 12.14. Our findings may provide a theoretical basis for the dual modulation of molecular junctions by chemical anchoring groups and strain for future nanoelectronic devices.
Superconducting hydrides on a quantum landscape
Authors: Errea Ion 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Reaching superconductivity at ambient conditions is one of the biggest scientific dreams. The discoveries in the last few years at high pressures place hydrogen-based compounds as the best candidates for making it true. As the recent history shows, first-principles calculations are expected to continue guiding the experimental quest in the right track in the coming years. Considering that ionic quantum fluctuations largely affect the crystal structure and the vibrational properties of superconducting hydrides, in many cases making them thermodynamically stable at much lower pressures than expected, it will be crucial to include such effects on the future ab initio predictions. The prospects for low-pressure high critical-temperature compounds are wide open, even at ambient pressure.