bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ecotoxicological Assays of Selected and Potentiated Antiretroviral and Antibiotics
Authors: Omotola Elizabeth O. , Genthe Bettina , Ndlela Luyanda , Olatunji Olatunde S 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The effects of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) in the environment are not fully characterized, hence the need for comprehensive evaluation. In this study Allium cepa, Daphnia magna, and Salmonella typhimurium were employed in three bioassays to investigate the eco-toxicities of lone APIs, namely lamivudine (L) (an antiretroviral), ciprofloxacin (C) and sulfamethoxazole (S) (antibiotics), and cocktails of their mixtures at environmental concentration range between 10 and 100 ppb. Study results showed that exposure of daphnids to lone APIs; L, C, and S, had fatal impacts, with mortality rates of 100, 75, and 95%, respectively, after 48 hr. Sulfamethoxazole showed mutagenic tendency, with mutation ratio (background/sample ratio) of 2.0. Lamivudine had lethal impact on the root length of Allium cepa (P>0.05, P = 3.60E-3). Further microscopic examination of the Allium cepa root tip exposed to each of the 3-APIs revealed chromosomal aberrations. The ecotoxicology bioassays result of the LCS-mix indicated a synergistic effect on the daphnids, probably due to potentiation. While the LCS mix had a cytotoxic effect (evidenced by the absence of bacteria colonies) on exposed TA 98 P450 Salmonella typhimurium strain, this effect was not observed in other bacterial strain. Microscopic examination of Allium cepa exposed to the LCS-mix, revealed an aberration in the mitotic stage of the cell cycle. In general, the impact of the combined 3-API mix was greater than observed for tested individual pharmaceutical.
Recycle of lead-zinc tailings in blended cement: mechanical property and stabilization/solidification of heavy metals
Authors: Luo Zhongtao , Tang Changbo , Mu Yuandong , Liu Xiaohai 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Due to the increasing output and toxicity of heavy metals, the pollution problems of lead-zinc tailings (LZTs) need to be solved urgently. This paper investigated the properties and heavy metal stabilization/solidification of blended cement containing different replacement ratios of ground LZTs. The compressive strength, hydration products, chemically bound water content and microstructure of specimens were analyzed by XRD, FTIR, TG-DSC and SEM tests. The results showed that the addition of LZTs reduced the compressive strength of blended cement. 10% cement replacement by LZTs can be considered as the optimum for blended cement uses. With the increase of LZTs dosage, Ca(OH)2 content was significantly reduced and the formation of ettringite was promoted. Leaching tests revealed that the leaching concentration of Pb and Zn was much lower than threshold limit. EDS analysis indicated that hydration products (primarily C-S-H gel) played an important role in the stabilization/solidification of heavy metals by means of physical adsorption and encapsulation. This research provides a guidance for the resource utilization of LZTs.
Comparative study of stunting measurement in children using WHO procedure and stunting mat in Ghana
Authors: Bukari Nafisatu , Danaa Alhassan , Mubarak Abdullai , Forfoe Wilfred W. , Gariba Ayishetu , Ali Zakari 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Objective: Height data is not useful immediately without further processing. The Stunting mat was designed to stunting. However, the mat has not been validated for use in Ghana. This study compared stunting measured with the mat and stunting measured following the WHO recommended procedure. We sampled 163 children aged 6-24-m in the Bono region of Ghana. We compared stunting prevalence measured with the mat and WHO recommended procedure. We also explored the acceptability and interpretability of the two procedures among mothers and healthcare givers.Results: The prevalence of stunting was 3.7% and 11.7% using the Stunting mat and WHO procedures respectively. However, in younger aged children, the Stunting mat was more accurate in detecting stunting: Both healthcare workers and caregivers found it easy to interpret the stunting status of children using the Stunting mat. Therefore, we can conclude that the Stunting mat was less sensitive at detecting child stunting compared to the current gold way of measuring stunting in younger children. There are possibilities to improve the accuracy and utility of the Stunting mat for measuring stunting in low-resource settings by re-designing the mat to be more age appropriate.
Identification of cry genes in Bacillus thuringiensis by multiplex real-time PCR
Authors: Queiroz Paulo , Posso Marina Cassago , Martins Érica Soares , Grynberg Priscila , Togawa Roberto , Monnerat Rose Gomes 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Bacillus thuringiensis is an important bacterium of the group Bacillus cereus sensu lato due to its insecticidal properties. This microorganism has high genetic variability and its strains produce different Cry toxins, known as δ-endotoxins, which are mainly responsible for its toxic effect on insects that are agricultural pests or vector human diseases. Each strain can express a variety of cry genes, out of a total of 789 cry genes described so far. The detection of these genes is very important to characterize strains, as they may indicate their toxic potential. Several methods have been used to characterize B. thuringiensis strains, but one of the most common techniques is Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) from primers that detect the presence of cry genes. This technique has been optimized to make real-time multiplex quantitative PCR (qPCR) assays faster, more efficient, and safer, because the presence of three genes can be detected in a single reaction. In this work, a multiplex assay was developed to identify the presence of genes from the cry1A, cry1C, and cry1F families whose respective toxins are present in both bioinsecticides and commercial transgenic plants used to control caterpillars. Specific primers were designed to identify the families of the cited genes and the system was validated with samples that were sequenced by next-generation sequencing (NGS). The system was implemented and used to characterize 214 strains. Of these, eight were submitted to conventional PCR, and the results matched, again validating the system. Thus, the application of the proposed technique allows the reliable evaluation through this system to detect the presence of the genes of the families cry1A, cry1C, and cry1F in samples of B. thuringiensis.
Cross-domain heterogeneous signcryption with keyword search for wireless body area network
Authors: Luo Ming , Huang Dashi , Qiu Minrong , Gao Yi 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In wireless body area network (WBAN), the WBAN sensors usually transmit encrypted data for the sake of security. But because of this, finding and getting the required data quickly becomes a challenge. Thus, many scholars have proposed searchable encryption (SE) schemes. Regrettably, many proposed SE schemes are not resistant to inside keyword guessing attack (IKGA), and most schemes are not suited for cross-domain communication in WBAN because they use single cryptosystem and the same cryptographic system parameters. To address the aforementioned issues, we put forward a new SE scheme for WBAN based on the public key cryptosystem in this paper. Our scheme allows WBAN sensors in certificateless public key cryptography (CLC) and receivers in public key infrastructure (PKI) environment use different cryptographic system parameters to realize cross-domain heterogeneous communication. At the same time, our scheme can effectively resist IKGA. Compared to the five existing schemes, the total computation cost of our scheme reduced by at least 59.99%.
A green one pot three component synthesis of tetrazole under microwave irradiation using Ni Schiff base complex of mixed ligands on MCM-41 as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst
Authors: M Bharathi , S Indira , G Vinoth , C Denzil Britto , K Shanmuga Bharathi 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Syntheses of 5-substituted tetrazole derivatives have been reported by one-pot three-component reaction of various aldehydes (aryl, aryl with fused ring, aryl with extended conjugation, heterocyclic and aliphatic), hydroxylamine hydrochloride and sodium azide in the presence of potent, reusable, low cost and thermally stable catalyst, Ni-complex MCM-41 under conventional heating / microwave irradiation. The prepared materials were characterized by FT-IR, PXRD analysis, N2 adsorption and desorption, EDX, SEM and TEM microscopy, ICP-OES and TGA. The effect of solvent, temperature, catalyst loading and time for the syntheses of tetrazoles were optimized. The efficiency of Ni-MCM-41 catalyst is compared and discussed against the literature reports. The catalyst can be successively recovered by simple filtration method and reused upto five times with excellent yields upto 94%. In general, microwave irradiation technique gave better yields when compared to conventional heating irrespective of the nature of the substrate and their substituents.
Long term survival and disease burden from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in Singapore: a population-based cohort study
Authors: Ho Andrew Fu Wah , Lim Mervyn Jun Rui , Earnest Arul , Blewer Audrey , Graves Nicholas , Yeo Jun Wei , Pek Pin Pin , Ling Tiah , Ong Marcus Eng Hock , Investigators Singapore PAROS 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Background: Understanding the long-term outcomes after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is important to understand the overall health burden of OHCA. Disability-adjusted life years (DALY) have recently been utilised to measure disease burden in OHCA, but data in Asia remains limited. We aimed to quantify long-term survival in OHCA and the annual disease burden of OHCA estimated using DALYs in a national multi-ethnic Asian cohort.Methods: We conducted an open cohort study through linking the Singapore Pan-Asian Resuscitation Outcomes Study (PAROS) and the Singapore Registry of Births and Deaths from 2010 to 2019. We quantified long-term survival using standardised mortality ratio (SMR) for each year of follow up and the annual disease burden using DALYs. Predictors of long-term survival were identified using Cox-proportional hazards models. Results: We included 802 cases in the analysis. The mean age was 56.0 (SD 17.8) and the majority was male (631 cases, 78,7%) and of Chinese ethnicity (552 cases, 68.8%). At one year, the SMR was 14.9 (95%CI: 12.5-17.8), and this decreased to 1.2 (95%CI: 0.7-1.8) at three years, and 0.4 (95%CI: 0.2-0.8) at five years. Age at arrest (HR:1.03, 95%CI: 1.02-1.04, p<0.001), shockable first arrest rhythm (HR:0.75, 95%CI: 0.52-0.93, p=0.015) and CPC category (HR:4.62, 95%CI: 3.17-6.75, p<0.001) were independently associated with mortality. The annual DALYs due to OHCA varied from 304.1 in 2010 to 849.7 in 2015, then to 547.1 in 2018. The mean DALY decreased from 12.162 in 2010 to 3.599 in 2018. Conclusions: OHCA survivors had an increased mortality rate compared to the general population for the first three years, which subsequently normalised to that of the general population. Annual disease burden of OHCA in DALY trended downwards from 2010 to 2018. Improved surveillance and OHCA treatment strategies may improve long-term survivorship and decrease the global burden of OHCA.
Gender-specific dimorphic association between bicarbonate and uric acid serum levels among healthy adults. Qatar Biobank data
Authors: Ibrahim Wisam Nabeel , Shi Zumin , Abdallah Atiyeh , Abu-Madi Marawan Abdelhamid 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Uric acid is the end product of purine metabolism. When present at a high level it may predispose individuals to multiple chronic diseases such as Gout, atherosclerosis, hypertension, and renal diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the gender-specific association between serum bicarbonate and uric acid levels among healthy Qataris using Qatar biobank data. Methodology: The study was carried out in the General healthy population using a retrospective cross-sectional design including the data of 2989 healthy Qatari adults (36.4 ± 11.1 years) from the Qatar biobank database. The analysis included the estimation of serum uric acid and bicarbonate serum levels alongside other serological markers. The study participants were divided into four quartiles based on the level of serum bicarbonate. Results: In men, low serum uric acid was significantly associated with the higher serum bicarbonate levels after adjustment for age. The association remained significant after further adjustment for BMI, smoking, and renal function. The restricted cubic spline method confirmed a significant dose-response association between the variation coefficients of uric acid by serum bicarbonate level in men with adjustments for age, BMI, smoking, and renal function. While in women, no significant association was found between quartiles of serum bicarbonate and uric acid level following the same adjustments. However, using the restricted cubic spline method, a significant bidirectional relation was demonstrated between serum bicarbonate and the variation coefficients of uric acid that was positive for serum bicarbonate levels below 25 mEq/L and negative at higher levels. Conclusion: Serum bicarbonate levels are linearly associated with reduced serum uric acid levels among healthy Qatari men. This might be one of the privileges in men to protect against the complications of hyperuricemia. However, this finding demand further investigations to outline the underlying mechanisms.
Intracameral air bubble tamponade in routine cataract surgery
Authors: Chen Yen-Ting , Chen Kuan-Jen , Yeh Lung-Kun , Tan Hsin-Yuan , Hsiao Ching-Hsi , Wu Wei-Chi , Chen Hung-Chi 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the efficiency, safety, and postoperative outcomes of intracameral air bubble tamponade (IABT) following phacoemulsification cataract surgery.Methods: We retrospectively reviewed all patients receiving phacoemulsification from 2016 to 2017 performed by one ophthalmic surgeon HCC. Incisions were closed with either non-IABT or IABT. In IABT group, air bubble was injected into the anterior chamber until its size reached 80% of the corneal diameter. Operation time, visual acuity (VA), and intraocular pressure (IOP) were evaluated pre- and post- operatively. Patients with intraoperative complications or with ocular diseases that may affect VA or IOP were excluded. Results: A total of 434 eyes of 331 patients were enrolled, with 201 cases in the IABT group and 233 cases in the non-IABT group. The operation time was significantly shorter in the IABT group (1365 vs. 1514 seconds, P= .005). There was no significant difference in logMAR VA (P=0.639) and IOP (P=0.860) between two groups in preoperative, postoperative 3 days, 10 days, 1 month, and 3 months. In 168 cases that had complete data of pre- and post-operative specular microscope examination, secondary analysis showed no significant difference in pre- and post-operative endothelial cell density, coefficient of variance, and hexagonal cells between both groups. Conclusion: IABT is a safe and effective method for sealing clear corneal incision in phacoemulsification cataract surgery.
Effects of nursing support workers participation on negative emotions, quality of life and life satisfaction of patients with cerebral hemorrhage:A cross-sectional survey
Authors: Luo Qinglian , Luan Xingzhao , Xia Chenglin , Hou Liming , Wang Qisheng , Zhao Mingkuan , Tang Hua , Zheng Haowen , He Haiping , Xiang Wei , Wang Jianmei , Zhou Jie 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Due to the high nursing pressure of patients with Cerebral hemorrhage and the general shortage of clinical nurses, nursing support workers often participate in clinical nursing work, but the influence of nursing support workers' participation on the negative emotion, quality of life and life satisfaction of patients with intracerebral hemorrhage is unknown. Methods: A total of 107 ICH patients admitted to our hospital from January 2022 to March 2022 were enrolled, including 60 patients receiving conventional care (CG control group) and 47 patients receiving nursing support worker participation (RG research group). All patients were recorded with self-perceived Burden Scale (SPBS), Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD), Quality of Life Scale (SF-36), Somatic Self rating Scale (SSS), Patient self-care ability assessment scale（Barthel）and Satisfaction with life scale (SWLS) scores. Results: Patients with high negative emotion were more willing to participate in clinical nursing work (P<0.05). Nursing support workers involved in cerebral hemorrhage patients can alleviate negative emotions, improve life quality, improve nursing satisfaction (P<0.05). Conclusion: The participation of nursing support workers can alleviate the negative emotions of ICH patients, enhance their self-management ability, and improve their life quality.
Construction of cohorts of similar patients from automatic extraction of medical concepts
Authors: Gérardin Christel , Mageau Arthur , Mékinian Arsène , Tannier Xavier , Carrat Fabrice 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Objective: We aimed to provide an automated end-to-end extraction of cohorts of similar patients from electronic health records for systemic diseases. Materials and Methods: Our multistep algorithm includes a named-entity recognition step, a multilabel classification using Medical Subject Headings ontology and the computation of patient similarity. A selection of cohorts of similar patients on a priori annotated phenotypes was performed. Six phenotypes were selected for their clinical significance: P1-osteoporosis, P2-nephritis in systemic erythematosus lupus, P3-interstitial lung disease in systemic sclerosis, P4-lung infection, P5-obstetric antiphospholipid syndrome, and P6-Takayasu stroke. We used a training set of 151 clinical notes and an independent validation set of 256 clinical notes, with annotated phenotypes, both extracted from the Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris data warehouse. We evaluated the precision of the 3 patients closest to the index patient for each phenotype with the precision-at-3, and the recall and average precision. Results: For P1-P4, the precision-at-3 ranged from 0.85 to 0.99, the recall ranged from 0.53 to 0.83, and the average precision ranged from 0.58 to 0.88, respectively. P5-P6 phenotypes could not be analysed due to a limited number of phenotypes. Conclusion: Using a method close to clinical reasoning, we built a scalable and interpretable end-to-end algorithm to extract cohorts of similar patients.
Applied nano-hydroxyapatite/polyamide 66 strut in anterior reconstructive surgery for lumbar spinal tuberculosis： a comparison with autogenous iliac bone graft.
Authors: Ye Jiekai , Fei Jun , Zhang Peng , Hu Shengping , Zhang Chenwei 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This study aimed to compare the clinical efficacy of nano-hydroxyapatite/polyamide 66 strut （n-HA/PA66 group） with autogenous iliac bone grafts（AIBG group） in anterior reconstructive surgery for lumbar spinal tuberculosis（LSTB）. A total of 67 patients with LSTB who underwent one-stage combined anterior-posterior surgery using an n-HA/PA66 strut or an autogenous iliac bone graft were studied retrospectively at a mean follow-up of 33.8±7.0 months. The Data about erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), Orthopaedic Association (JOA) and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI)score, visual analog scale (VAS) score, American Spinal Injury Association（ASIA ）grade, and Cobb's angle were recorded and compared between the two groups before surgery, three months after surgery and at the last follow-up. At the last follow-up, both groups achieved satisfactory bony fusion without recurrence of tuberculosis, while ESR, CRP, VAS, ASIA grade, and Cobb angle were significantly improved at the last follow-up compared to the preoperative. The n-HA/PA66 group was superior in operation time(P < 0.05), intraoperative blood loss (P < 0.05), VAS at 3 months after surgery (P < 0.05), and surgical complications as compared with the AIBG group. But the bone fusion time of the n-HA/PA66 group (8.4±1.3 months) was slightly longer than the TMC group (7.5±1.6 months)( P < 0.05). The nano-hydroxyapatite/polyamide 66 strut can achieve good clinical efficacy comparable to autologous iliac bone grafts when treating tuberculosis of the lumbar spine. The less traumatic， lower incidence of complications， and similar excellent bony fusion indicated it could serve as a superior material in the anterior reconstructive surgery for lumbar spinal tuberculosis.
Application of Factorial and Binomial identities in Cybersecurity and Communications
Authors: Annamalai Chinnaraji 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This paper focuses on the application of factorial and binomial identities in computing, communication, and cybersecurity in connection with the symmetric and asymmetric encryptions. We can use the binomial identities and theorem in factorials as an effective security algorithm to protect the computing systems, programs, and networks. In this connection, binomial expansions which are equal to multiples of 2 with non-negative exponents, and its relations are given in this article. MSC Classification codes: 05A10, 40A05 (65B10)
Research on the quality, mineralogical and structural conditions of silico-ferrite of calcium and aluminum (SFCA) phases in iron ore sinter
Authors: Bölükbaşı Ömer Saltuk 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Silico-ferrite of calcium and aluminum (SFCA), a significant equilibrium crystalline phase in the Fe2O3-CaO-Al2O3-SiO2 ternary structure, is an effective bonding form in the sintering process of fine iron ore. The current study investigates the effects of using pellet dust instead of iron ore in sinter blend in SFCA phases. Investigation of the internal structure of the sinter is critical in terms of its physical and metallurgical properties. In this study, the sinter pot experimental conditions were simulated to the actual sinter mill situation. The chemical structure of SFCA compounds was defined as both SFCA and SFCA-I phases in the SiO2-CaO-Fe2O3 and Si-Ca-Fe ternary-phase system. The comparison of the sinter samples with each other revealed that the sinter mixture with a pellet dust fraction of 13.53% in the Sin-3 probably achieved the best similarity in reaction rate and formed the larger ratios in SFCA and SFCA-I. In addition, this research optimized the chemical composition in the sintering process (especially CaO, Al2O3, Fe2O3, SiO2, etc.), investigated the correlation between the SFCA phases (SFCA and SFCA-I), and controlled the main parameters that affect on the sintering process and its functioning.