bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differential toxicity to murine small and large intestinal epithelium induced by oncology drugs
Authors: Bieber Jake M. , Sanman Laura E. , Sun Xiaoxiao , Hammerlindl Heinz , Bao Feng , Roth Maike A. , Koleske Megan L. , Huang Liusheng , Aweeka Fran , Wu Lani F. , Altschuler Steven J. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractGastrointestinal toxicity is a major concern in the development of drugs. Here, we establish the ability to use murine small and large intestine-derived monolayers to screen drugs for toxicity. As a proof-of-concept, we applied this system to assess gastrointestinal toxicity of ~50 clinically used oncology drugs, encompassing diverse mechanisms of action. Nearly all tested drugs had a deleterious effect on the gut, with increased sensitivity in the small intestine. The identification of differential toxicity between the small and large intestine enabled us to pinpoint differences in drug uptake (antifolates), drug metabolism (cyclophosphamide) and cell signaling (EGFR inhibitors) across the gut. These results highlight an under-appreciated distinction between small and large intestine toxicity and suggest distinct tissue properties important for modulating drug-induced gastrointestinal toxicity. The ability to accurately predict where and how drugs affect the murine gut will accelerate preclinical drug development.
Scinderin promotes fusion of electron transport chain dysfunctional muscle stem cells with myofibers
Authors: Wang Xun , Shelton Spencer D. , Bordieanu Bogdan , Frank Anderson R. , Yi Yating , Venigalla Siva Sai Krishna , Gu Zhimin , Lesner Nicholas P. , Glogauer Michael , Chandel Navdeep S. , Zhao Hu , Zhao Zhiyu , McFadden David G. , Mishra Prashant 
Published: January 2022

AbstractMuscle stem cells (MuSCs) experience age-associated declines in number and function, accompanied by mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) dysfunction and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS). The source of these changes, and how MuSCs respond to mitochondrial dysfunction, are unknown. We report here that in response to mitochondrial ROS, murine MuSCs directly fuse with neighboring myofibers; this phenomenon removes ETC-dysfunctional MuSCs from the stem cell compartment. MuSC–myofiber fusion is dependent on the induction of Scinderin, which promotes formation of actin-dependent protrusions required for membrane fusion. During aging, we find that the declining MuSC population accumulates mutations in the mitochondrial genome but selects against dysfunctional variants. In the absence of clearance by Scinderin, the decline in MuSC numbers during aging is repressed; however, ETC-dysfunctional MuSCs are retained and can regenerate dysfunctional myofibers. We propose a model in which ETC-dysfunctional MuSCs are removed from the stem cell compartment by fusing with differentiated tissue.
Atomically dispersed Fe–Nxspecies within a porous carbon framework: an efficient catalyst for Li–CO2batteries
Authors: Ding Junchao , Xue Hairong , Xiao Rui , Xu Yunyun , Song Li , Gong Hao , Fan Xiaoli , Chang Kun , Huang Xianli , Wang Tao , He Jianping 
Published: January 2022

We propose a metal–organic-framework-derived high-performance Fe–N–C electrocatalyst for Li–CO2 batteries. Abundant atomically Fe–Nx active sites were formed in the porous carbon framework to provided catalytical sites with high activity.
Rethinking Research Mentoring: A Tutorial on How and Why to Implement a PhD Student–Mediated Mentorship Model
Authors: McDaniel Jena , Prahl Alison Hessling , Schuele C. Melanie 
Published: January 2022

Purpose:In this tutorial, we describe the initiation and implementation of a recently developed PhD Student–Mediated Mentorship Model (PS-MMM) used within our lab. In a PS-MMM, PhD students mentor graduate and undergraduate students under the direction of a faculty advisor. The model aims to address the PhD shortage by (a) teaching PhD students to be research mentors to facilitate their success in the early career years and (b) encouraging clinical graduate students to transition into and be successful in research doctoral training. As a third objective, we aim to address the research–practice gap by increasing the research experiences available to undergraduate and clinical graduate students through implementation of a PS-MMM. We provide a step-by-step outline and case examples for initiating and scaling up a PS-MMM.Conclusions:Implementation of a PS-MMM has led to consistent, positive benefits for mentees and mentors within our lab. The observed benefits, feasibility, and flexibility of our PS-MMM support more widespread use of PS-MMMs within other communication sciences and disorders programs.
Fast Fourier transform and wavelet‐based statistical computation during fault in snubber circuit connected with robotic brushless direct current motor
Authors: Ghosh Sankha Subhra , Chattopadhyay Surajit , Das Arabinda 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe snubber circuit plays an important role in motor drives. This paper deals with the detection of the inverter switch snubber circuit resistance fault (ISSCRF) in brushless direct current (BLDC) motors used for robotic applications. This has been carried out in two parts: Fast‐Fourier‐Transform‐based analysis and wavelet‐decomposition‐based analysis on the stator current of the BLDC motor. The first analysis investigates the effects of different percentages of ISSCRF on direct current (DC) component, fundamental frequency component and total harmonic distortion percentage. Next analyses consider all of kurtosis, skewness and root‐mean‐square values of wavelet coefficients of stator current harmonic spectra. Comparative learning is made to obtain a few selective parameters best fit for the detection of ISSCRF. A fault detection algorithm to detect ISSCRF has been proposed and validated by three case studies. The algorithm is again modified with best‐fit parameters. Comparative discussion and novel contributions of the work have also been presented.
Rezidivierende pulmonale Hämorrhagien mit Hämoptoe als Folge einer Vocal Cord Dysfunction (VCD) – ein Erklärungsversuch
Authors: Koehler Julian , Beutel Björn , Hildebrandt Olaf , Viniol Christian , Schäfer Jürgen , Mentzler Katja , Birk Richard , Fogel Wolfgang , Koehler Ulrich 
Published: January 2022

ZusammenfassungEs wird der Fall einer 19-jährigen Schülerin vorgestellt, bei der seit ihrem 14. Lebensjahr eine Vocal Cord Dysfunction (VCD) bekannt ist. 3 Jahre nach der Diagnose kommt es nun auch in zunehmender Häufigkeit (1–3 ×/Woche) zu Anfällen mit Bluthusten. Es wird gemutmaßt, dass die Hämoptoe infolge der VCD auftritt. Durch das frustrane Anatmen gegen die obere Atemwegsobstruktion kann es zu hohen negativen intrathorakalen Drucken (Müller-Manöver) kommen, die eine Kapillarwandschädigung mit Einblutung in die Alveolen zur Folge haben. Nach Botulinumtoxininfiltration in den m. vocalis bds. ist es zu einem Sistieren der VCD-Anfälle und auch der Hämoptoen für 3 Monate gekommen.
Elektrokonvulsivtherapie (EKT) bei malignem neuroleptischen Syndrom (MNS) auf Intensivstation
Authors: Ionov Alexander , Boeck Inger , Schröder Stefan Georg 
Published: January 2022

ZusammenfassungEine 57-jährige Patientin wurde mit Somnolenz unklarer Ursache auf eine IMC (Intermediate Care Station) notärztlich eingewiesen. Mehrere Psychopharmaka standen auf der Medikamentenliste (Quetiapin 450 mg/d, Paroxetin 40 mg/d und Perphenazin 12 mg/d), aufgrund einer Depression mit psychotischen Merkmalen. Wegen Zustandsverschlechterung an Tag 3 erfolgte die Intubation und Verlegung auf Intensivstation. Diagnostisch wurde zu diesem Zeitpunkt von einer malignen Hyperthermie (MH) ausgegangen. Auch die Einschaltung der „MH-Hotline“ durch die Intensivstation erbrachte keinen Hinweis, dass eine Elektrokonvulsivtherapie (EKT) erwogen werden sollte. Erst an Tag 9 wurde unter der Verdachtsdiagnose eines malignen neuroleptischen Syndroms (MNS) ein psychiatrisches Konsil und unmittelbar danach eine EKT durchgeführt. Es kam zu einer raschen Remission der vital bedrohlichen Symptomatik. Eine rechtzeitige EKT-Behandlung bei MNS auf Intensivstation ist lebensrettend.
Flow-Erleben im Alter: Eine Untersuchung von Einflussfaktoren und
Nutzen für die Therapiegestaltung bei geriatrischen
Patienten
Authors: Wunner Christina , Hesel Julia , Stemmler Mark , Gosch Markus , Waller Christiane 
Published: January 2022

ZusammenfassungFlow-Erleben, ein Gefühl des reflexionsfreien und maximal vertieften
Aufgehens in einer Tätigkeit, hat positive Auswirkungen auf psychisches
und körperliches Wohlbefinden, Leistungsfähigkeit und
Lebenszufriedenheit. Im Alter wurde Flow-Erleben wenig erforscht, Studien an
geriatrischen Patienten fehlen bislang völlig. In der vorliegenden
Untersuchung wurden alte Patienten (M=81,2, SD=5,9) einer
Tagesklinik im Hinblick auf ihr Flow-Erleben mittels der Flow-Kurzskala FKS
untersucht. Neben Alters- und Geschlechtseffekten wurde Flow bei zwei
verschiedenen Tätigkeiten (Bewegungs- vs. Gedächtnistraining)
erhoben, zudem wurden die Rolle von individueller Aktivität und
Gruppendynamik sowie Zusammenhänge von Flow und Therapieerfolg
näher beleuchtet. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass Flow-Erleben auch im Alter
möglich ist. Depressive Patienten erlebten genauso viel Flow wie
Nicht-Depressive, kognitiv Beeinträchtigte erlebten hingegen weniger
Flow als Patienten ohne kognitive Defizite, chronische Schmerzpatienten
berichteten bei Bewegungsangeboten sogar mehr Flow-Erleben als Patienten ohne
Schmerzen. Eine hohe Eigenaktivität wirkte sich insgesamt positiv auf
das Flow-Erleben aus. Das Therapieergebnis konnte durch Flow nicht beeinflusst
werden. Flow-Erleben im Alter sollte insbesondere bei bewegungstherapeutischen
Angeboten für Schmerzpatienten mehr Beachtung finden, weitere
Zusammenhänge, insbesondere auch hinsichtlich Depressionen,
müssen noch untersucht werden.
Thorpe–Ingold Effect on High-Performance Chiral π–Copper(II) Catalyst
Authors: Ishihara Kazuaki , Nishimura Kazuki 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe Thorpe–Ingold effect was applied to the design of a chiral ligand of π–copper(II) catalysts for the enantioselective α-fluorination of N-acyl-3,5-dimethylpyrazoles, and also for the enantioselective Mukaiyama–Michael, Diels–Alder, and 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions of N-acryloyl-3,5-dimethylpyrazoles. The use of β,β-dimethyl-β-arylalanine-type ligand gave desired products with higher enantioselectivity compared to with previously reported β-arylalanine-type ligands.
Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Decarbonylative Functionalization of Phthalimides
Authors: Min Xiang-Ting , Chen Qing-An , Liu Ying-Ying , Sun Shao-Han , Wan Boshun 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPhthalimide derivatives are prevalent in a wide array of biologically important molecules, including drugs, fungicides, and anticancer molecules. Thus, catalytic methods that directly edit the phthalimide moiety, in particular, decarbonylation and derivatization, could be strategically valuable for the modification of existing phthalimide molecular scaffolds. In recent years, considerable efforts have been devoted to emulating the transition-metal-catalyzed phthalimide decarbonylative reaction. A set of elegant strategies, including decarbonylative addition reactions with alkynes, alkenes, and benzynes, decarbonylative polymerization, alkylation, arylation, and protodecarbonylation, have been demonstrated. This review aims to highlight these advances and discusses the mechanism issues, to further expand application and promote developments in this field.1	Introduction2	Decarbonylative Addition Reaction with Alkynes3	Decarbonylative Addition Reaction with Alkenes4	Decarbonylative Addition Reaction with Benzyne5	Decarbonylative Polymerization6	Decarbonylative Alkylation7	Decarbonylative Arylation8	Protodecarbonylation9	Conclusion and Outlook
On the use of stereodynamical effects to control cold chemical reactions: The H + D2 ⟷ D + HD case study
Authors: da Silva H. , Kendrick B. K. , Balakrishnan N. 
Published: January 2022

Quantum calculations are reported for the stereodynamic control of the H + D2 ↔ D + HD chemical reaction in the energy range of 1–50 K. Stereodynamic control is achieved by a formalism similar to that reported by Perreault et al. [Nat. Chem. 10, 561 (2018)] in recent experimental works in which the alignment of the molecular bond axis relative to the incident relative velocity is controlled by selective preparations of the molecule in a specific or superposition of magnetic projection quantum numbers of the initial molecular rotational level. The approach presented here generalizes the experimental scheme of Perreault et al. and offers additional degree of control through various experimental preparations of the molecular alignment angle. Illustrative results presented for the H + D2 and D + HD reactions show significant control with the possibility of turning the reaction completely on or off with the appropriate stereodynamic preparation of the molecular state. Various scenarios for maximizing and minimizing the reaction outcomes are identified with the selective preparation of molecular rotational states.
Deletion of SUMO1 attenuates behavioral and anatomical deficits by regulating autophagic activities in Huntington disease
Authors: Ramírez-Jarquín Uri Nimrod , Sharma Manish , Zhou Wuyue , Shahani Neelam , Subramaniam Srinivasa 
Published: January 2022

Significance
SUMO protein can decorate other proteins via a process called SUMOylation that can regulate toxicity of proteins linked to neurodegenerative diseases. The mutant huntingtin (mHTT) protein in Huntington disease (HD) degenerates nerve cells, and SUMOylation of mHTT makes it more soluble and more toxic to the nerve cells. Here, we show that SUMO deletion in a humanized mouse HD model depletes mHTT and prevents brain shrinkage and behavioral abnormalities. SUMO deletion blocked inflammation and enhanced autophagy, a beneficial cellular degradation pathway. Importantly, ginkgolic acid (GA), a widely used plant supplement that can inhibit SUMOylation, activates autophagy and promotes the degradation of mHTT in human HD cells. Thus, our study indicates GA and analogs might be therapeutically beneficial to HD patients.
PIF7 controls leaf cell proliferation through an AN3 substitution repression mechanism
Authors: Hussain Ejaz , Romanowski Andrés , Halliday Karen J. 
Published: January 2022

SignificancePhytochrome photoreceptors can markedly alter leaf blade growth in response to far-red (FR) rich neighbor shade, yet we have a limited understanding of how this is accomplished. This study identifies ANGUSTIFOLIA3 (AN3) as a central component in phytochrome promotion of leaf cell proliferation and PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTOR 7 (PIF7) as a potent repressor. AN3 and PIF7 impose opposing regulation on a shared suite of genes through commoncis-acting promoter elements. In response to FR light, activated PIF7 blocks AN3 action by evicting and substituting for AN3 at target promoters. This molecular switch module provides a mechanism through which changes in external light quality can dynamically manipulate gene expression, cell division, and leaf size.
Is it possible to prove the Altaic theory on the basis of negative forms in Mongolian, Manchu and Turkish?
Authors: Dolińska Joanna 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe research question posed in this article is whether the Altaic theory is possible, if it is discussed on the basis of chosen negative forms in Mongolian, Turkish, Manchu and its Sibe dialect. The supporters of the Altaic theory assume that these languages (and some include Japanese, Korean and Ainu to this list (Miller, 1967)) emerged from the same root. The opponents of this theory think that the similarities in these languages have resulted from historical contacts between their speakers (Doerfer, 1966, p. 122). This article consists of the analysis of negative forms in various stages of Mongolian, Manchu and Turkish languages carried out on the basis of literary monuments and contemporary resources. The conclusions concerning the possibility of the Altaic theory based on the described negative forms have been presented at the end, accompanied by the Index of negative particles and suffixes.
Dissipation of energy and higher-order fluctuations of the largest fragment charge in projectile fragmentation
Authors: Xiao Erxi , Feng Yujie , Lei Xin , Zhu Long , Su Jun 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The higher-order fluctuations of the largest fragment charge were found to exhibit the signatures of a second-order phase transition in experimental data and simulations of the statistical multifragmentation model recently (Pietrzak et al 2020 Phys. Lett. B 809 135763). This work is devoted to study the dissipation of energy and higher-order fluctuations of the largest fragment charge in projectile fragmentation. The isospin-dependent quantum molecular dynamics (IQMD) model is used to study the non-equilibrium thermalization and fragmentation. The statistical code GEMINI is applied to simulate the second decay of the pre-fragments. To reveal how the incident energy dissipates into the excitation energy of the projectile-like system, the time evolution of the density, collective velocity, and random kinetic energy are displayed. It is found that the competition between the heat conduction and heat flux affects the excitation energy of the projectile-like system, which is the key variable in the fragmenting process. Displaying the mean multiplicity of the intermediate mass fragments and the higher-order fluctuations of the largest fragment charge, it is found that the decay mechanism of the projectile-like system transfers from the multi-fragmentation at mid-peripheral collision into the nucleon-evaporation at peripheral collision. The pseudo-critical point of this transition can be indicated by the zero of third order fluctuation together with the minimum of fourth order fluctuation. The calculations of the pseudo-critical point by the IQMD + GEMINI model agree with that extracted from the experimental data. Finally, the influences of the pseudo-critical point by the second decay, the mass number of the colliding system, and the incident energy are studied.
Analyzing effects of temperature gradient and scan rate on metal additive manufacturing microstructure by using phase field-finite element method
Authors: Cao Liu , Zhang Luo , Meng Rui-Fan , Zhang Qin-Dan 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Predicting the evolutionary behavior of microstructures with the help of numerical simulation techniques has become an essential tool for studying the solidification process of metal additive manufacturing. As a mesoscopic model based on the diffusion interface theory, phase field method (PFM) can be used to predict the evolution of solidification microstructure. The open-source PFM framework PRISMS-PF can not only efficiently solve systems of equations with billions of degrees of freedom, but also provide a simple adaptive mesh control module. In this paper, based on the open-source PFM framework PRISMS-PF, a phase field-finite element method (PFM-FEM) simulation flow for the solidification process of A356 aluminum alloy additive manufacturing in the two-dimensional case was established. The effects of temperature gradient, scan rate and initial solid-phase morphology on solute concentration, dendrite spacing and dendrite morphology were analyzed and compared with experimental results for verification. Analyzing the results for different temperature gradients and scan rates cases, it was found that the increase of temperature gradient or scan rate made the primary dendrite arm space decrease; as the ratio of temperature gradient to scan rate decreased, the solidification morphology gradually changed from flat crystal to cellular crystal, columnar crystal, and even dendritic structure. Analyzing the results for different initial solid-phase morphology cases, it was found that the influence of initial solid-phase morphology on dendrite growth increased as the ratio of temperature gradient to scan rate decreased. The above influence rules were mainly related to the composition overcooling zone under different conditions. This paper is expected to provide a theoretical support for the effective regulation of solidification microstructure in metal additive manufacturing.
TMS intensity and focality correlation with coil orientation at three non-motor regions
Authors: Gomez-Feria Jose , Fernandez-Corazza Mariano , Martin-Rodriguez Juan F , Mir Pablo 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Objective. The aim of this study is to define the best coil orientations for transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) for three clinically relevant brain areas: pre-supplementary motor area (pre-SMA), inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), and posterior parietal cortex (PPC), by means of simulations in 12 realistic head models of the electric field (E-field). Methods. We computed the E-field generated by TMS in our three volumes of interest (VOI) that were delineated based on published atlases. We then analysed the maximum intensity and spatial focality for the normal and absolute components of the E-field considering different percentile thresholds. Lastly, we correlated these results with the different anatomical properties of our VOIs. Results. Overall, the spatial focality of the E-field for the three VOIs varied depending on the orientation of the coil. Further analysis showed that differences in individual brain anatomy were related to the amount of focality achieved. In general, a larger percentage of sulcus resulted in better spatial focality. Additionally, a higher normal E-field intensity was achieved when the coil axis was placed perpendicular to the predominant orientations of the gyri of each VOI. A positive correlation between spatial focality and E-field intensity was found for PPC and IFG but not for pre-SMA. Conclusions. For a rough approximation, better coil orientations can be based on the individual’s specific brain morphology at the VOI. Moreover, TMS computational models should be employed to obtain better coil orientations in non-motor regions of interest. Significance. Finding better coil orientations in non-motor regions is a challenge in TMS and seeks to reduce interindividual variability. Our individualized TMS simulation pipeline leads to fewer inter-individual variability in the focality, likely enhancing the efficacy of the stimulation and reducing the risk of stimulating adjacent, non-targeted areas.