bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
La justice pénale financière au Sénégal
Authors: Niang Cheikh Mouhamadou Bamba 
Published: June 2022

Les efforts d'intégration économique et politique dans l'espace ouest-africain ont donné naissance à des organisations communautaires, constituant des cadres de conception de stratégies de développement des États de cette sous-région. Le cadre communautaire sécrète ainsi un droit pénal économique et des affaires qui se présente sous un aspect uniforme sur le plan national, et hétéroclite sur le plan sous-régional. La justice, acteur principal de la réponse pénale au blanchiment de capitaux et au financement du terrorisme, se trouve confrontée à des défis multiples, parmi lesquels : l'adaptation de son organisation par la spécialisation de ses composantes, l'amélioration de sa pratique en intégrant les nouvelles techniques de traitement judiciaire et les différentes formes d'entraide à son profit, y compris l'utilisation de passerelles de communication, le recours à la coopération internationale, l'identification et la gestion des avoirs. Dans ce contexte, il est nécessaire de repenser et de réajuster la réponse judiciaire aux spécificités des menaces financières nouvelles.
Family Functioning in Psychogenic Nonepileptic Seizures: Qualitative Study
Authors: Haritsa Sneha Vinay , Reddy Kalapalli Jayasankara , Gupta Meghna 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Background:
Psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES) are understood as epileptic presentations without a neurological basis. PNES has underlying psychological stressors that manifest physiologically. However, family functioning has been poorly studied despite its potential to be one of the major stressors. Few studies on family functioning have focused on differences between PNES and epileptic seizures than an in-depth inquiry into family functioning in PNES.

Methods:
Patients diagnosed with PNES by a psychiatrist or neurologist through home videos were chosen to participate in the study. Participants had at least one seizure in the previous week before the interview, and those who had physical disabilities or comorbid epilepsy were excluded from the study. In-depth interviews were developed and conducted. Determined data was analyzed through latent thematic analysis.

Results:
Based on the determined data, nine themes were identified. They included interaction and attachment, communication, structure and system, distressful family factors, expressed emotions, cultural aspects, maladaptive coping, adaptive coping, and negative emotional experience. Approach avoidance and hints of ending relationships were the types of communication among PNES patients, attachment has been inconclusive, transgenerational trauma, disengaged boundaries, coalition, and maladaptive triangles are prevalent among families of PNES patients. Over-involvement and hostility are the expressed emotions that were found. Both maladaptive and adaptive coping strategies are found among PNES patients. Finally, superstitions and beliefs in possession exist among families of PNES patients.

Conclusion:
Family dysfunction is prevalent among families of PNES patients, and hence, family-based interventions are necessary.
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Probiotics for Oral Health among Dental Students
Authors: Krishnan Lakshmi , Poorni Saravanan , Nivedhitha M. S. , Srinivasan Manali Ramakrishnan 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Over the years, probiotics have emerged as successful supplements for oral care management. Despite their extensive benefits and uses, their application in dental care is less due to limited knowledge about them among dentists.

Aim:
This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice in using probiotics for oral health among dental students of Chennai city.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional online survey was conducted among 209 dental students through Google Forms. Pretested questionnaire with 14 close-ended questions was used. Ethical clearance and consent were obtained before the study. Statistical test was computed using SPSS version 20, and P value was kept at < 0.05 for significance.

Results:
Majority of the participants (86%) were aware of the probiotics and its use, but hardly 19% of them had put their knowledge into practice. A statistically significant difference was obtained between the male and female participants with the knowledge domain of the questionnaire (P = 0.021*, 0.006*, 0.048*).

Conclusion:
From the present study, we can conclude that the participants were well aware of the term probiotics but hesitated to prescribe it to their patients as their awareness of the availability of probiotics was less.
Implementation of Global NCD Monitoring Framework in Punjab, Haryana and Chandigarh–A Feasibility study
Authors: Bhattacharya Sudip , Thakur Jarnail Singh 
Published: June 2022

Background: In India, a national NCD monitoring framework was developed (June 2013) in consonance with the World Health Organization (WHO) global NCD monitoring framework with 10 targets and 21 indicators. A feasibility study was undertaken in Punjab, Haryana, and Chandigarh with few objectives. Objectives: To review the existing monitoring framework, identify the possible data sources, and collect the secondary data for NCDs. Methods: In-depth interview was conducted with the three state program officers (SPOs), and Health Management Information System (HMIS) reports (2010) were reviewed. Data from non-health sectors were collected and possible data sources were identified. Results: It was observed that SPOs were not clear of the data for indicators and targets. Food and drug licensing authority, schools, colleges, and offices may be possible sources of additional data. Current HMIS was inadequate. Multiple issues such as scarcity of data, excess dependency on hospital-based data, lack of manpower, inter-sectoral coordination, and periodic STEP wise approach to surveillance (STEPS) surveys are the major barriers for implementation. Conclusion: We concluded that with the existing resources, it was not feasible to implement the NCD monitoring framework. Recommendations: National surveys should incorporate NCD indicators, and periodic STEPS survey at state level are necessary for indicator generation.
Prevalence and clinical profile of rotavirus in children ? 5 years admitted in a tertiary care Hospital in Western Maharashtra
Authors: Aundhakar Chandrashekhar D , Gupta Ankit , Mishra Lekha , Karande Geeta Satish , Karande Priyanka 
Published: June 2022

Background: Diarrhea is the second leading cause of mortality in children less than 5 years. Rotavirus is the commonest pathogen which causes diarrhea in children. As a result of dehydration and its hazardous consequences, it causes various deleterious effects on a child resulting in growth failure and malnutrition and sometimes leading to death. Aims & Objectives: To determine the prevalence and elucidate the clinical pattern of rotavirus diarrhea and differentiate it from non-rotavirus diarrhea in children ? 5 years hospitalized for acute diarrhea. Material & Methods: It was a cross-sectional study carried out between October 2014 and September 2016 on a total of 189 patients admitted for acute diarrhea in a tertiary care hospital. Stool samples were processed for identification of rotavirus antigen by ELISA. Clinical characteristics along with the seasonal variation of the infection were also studied. Result: Prevalence of rotavirus in the present study was estimated to be 36.5%. Infection occurred mostly in the age group of 7 – 12 months (46.3%) followed by 1 – 6 months (31.8%). Positive cases had associated clinical features as vomiting (69.5%), fever (55%) and peri-anal redness (33.3%). Maximum no. of rotavirus cases occurred in the winter season (42%). Conclusion: Rotavirus diarrhea does not follow a specific clinical pattern and lead to substantial morbidity in the study population.
Prevalence of bronchial asthma among school-going children in Mangalore, South India
Authors: Kamath Sowmini P , Kumar Shrividya Shrisha , Jain Animesh , Ramakrishna Anand , Baliga Shantharam B 
Published: June 2022

Background: Asthma in childhood is a major public health issue. Objective: To estimate prevalence and associated housing environment factors of asthma among school children. Material & Methods: We conducted a cross sectional study among school children aged six to fifteen years. Standard ISAAC (International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Children) Core Questionnaire for Asthma was used for determining the prevalence of wheezing and asthma. Demographic, housing and indoor pollution factors were collected. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 15. Results: Prevalence of ‘wheeze ever’ and ‘current wheezers’ was 10% and 9% respectively. Physician diagnosed asthma was seen in 6.3 %. Severe asthma was noted in 28.6% of current wheezerswith 84.6% and 8.8% having one to two and four to 12 wheezing attacks per year respectively. Wheezing was present post exercise in 5.4%, nocturnal cough in 6.1%, sleep disturbance less than one night/week (40.7%), one or more nights/week (3.3%) and wheezing limiting speech to few words between breaths (20.9%). Prevalence was greater among boys (9.8%) than girls (7.5%) and maximal in age group eight to nine years. On multiple logistic regression presence of overcrowding and absence of smoke outlet were significantly associated with current wheeze. Socio-economic status, beedi rolling practices and absence of separate kitchen was statistically significant with severe asthma. Conclusions: Current wheezer prevalence was9% and more in boys. Adoption of improved housing conditions and avoiding environmental tobacco exposure may aid in reducing childhood asthma attacks in this developing city.
Determinants of non-use of family planning methods by young married women (15-24 years) living in urban slums of Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Yadav Kriti , Agarwal Monika , Singh Jai Vir , Singh Vijay Kumar 
Published: June 2022

Background: Total fertility rate of Uttar Pradesh is 2.7 with annual growth rate of 16.5. Age specific marital fertility rate (ASMFR) in Uttar Pradesh is highest in the age group of 20-24 years (383.9) followed by 15-19 years (271.0) age group. Use of contraceptives is also very low in this most productive age group. Among the Young married women in the age group of 15-24 years the contraceptive prevalence rate (CPR) is only 27.75% which is quite low than the target CPR of 60%. State level data presents a grim picture of contraceptive use in the slum areas in comparison to non-slum areas. This slum population is the most vulnerable section of our society. Aims & Objectives: i) To assess the prevalence of non-use of contraceptives among young married women living in urban slums. ii) To understand the reasons for non-use of contraceptives among young married women. iii) To explore the factors influencing non-use of contraceptive among young married women. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out in the urban slums of Lucknow. Out of the eight Nagar-Nigam zones in Lucknow, one Urban-Primary Health Centre was selected randomly from each zone. From each Urban- Primary Health Centre, 2 slums were selected randomly. In selected slum, all the households were visited until at least 33 young married women (15-24 years) were interviewed using a pre-tested questionnaire to obtain the desired sample size of 535. The data was analyzed using SPSS 16.0. Results: Current use of contraceptives was found to be 33.8 % and almost two-thirds (66.2%) of the participants were not using any form of contraceptive method. The important reasons for non-use of contraception were embarrassment / hesitancy / shyness regarding family planning, lack of knowledge about the contraceptive method or place of availability of services, opposition to contraceptive use by husband or family members and women’s desire to get pregnant. About one third of the women had no perceived need for contraception. Among the various bio-social and fertility related variables, educational attainment of the women, employment status, parity, autonomy of the women, attitude of the husband towards family planning, motivation to adopt contraceptive and contact with ANM during home visits were the prime independent predictors for non-use of contraceptives. Conclusion: The study found contraceptive use to be very low among the young married women. The findings showed that motivation of women to adopt family planning method through counseling along with provision of youth friendly services are needed to be address to achieve improvement in contraceptive use among these young married women living in urban slums.
Job satisfaction and Job stress among various employees of tertiary care level hospital in central Uttar Pradesh, India
Authors: Yadav Ruchi , Srivastava Dhiraj Kumar , Yadav Sanjeev , Kumar Sandip , Jain Pankaj Kumar , Gupta Sachin 
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Job satisfaction defined as the end state of feeling, the feeling that is experienced after a task is accomplished. Job stress can be defined as the harmful physical and emotional responses that occur when the requirements of the job do not match the capabilities, resources, or need of the worker. Objectives: To study the relationship between job satisfaction and job stress among various employees of tertiary care level hospital and to find the co-relates of job stress and job satisfaction. Materials & Methods: A cross sectional study carried out for a period of 2 month among various employees working in Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences, Saifai, Etawah, Uttar Pradesh, a tertiary care level hospital. A total 225 Participants 75 from each medical, paramedical and office staff were selected by purposive sampling technique. The study was conducted using pretested structured questionnaire regarding socio-demographic profile, job satisfaction and job stress. Data was analyzed using chi square test. Result: A total of 225 participants,75 from each medical, paramedical and office staff were interviewed. On doing analysis of questionnaire regarding job satisfaction and job stress it was found that majority believe that their job was well recognized and working in a good institute and were not satisfied with the management and salary and were coping well with their job stress and were having average level of satisfaction. Conclusion: The present study conclude that majority of the participants felt they are well recognized with their job, working in a good institute but not satisfied with the management and salary.
Prevalence & determinants of Internet Addiction among Indian adolescents
Authors: Arthanari Sakthivel , Khalique Najam , Ansari Mohammad Athar , Faizi Nafis 
Published: June 2022

Background: Astonishing growth in the internet’s popularity with improvements in its availability and affordability has led to internet overuse and addiction. School students who have social, peer or behavioural problems are more susceptible to internet addiction. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of internet addiction in the school-going adolescents of Aligarh, and to measure the association of internet addiction with the socio-demographics of the study participants. Material & Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the schools of Aligarh. 1020 participants were selected through a multi-stage sampling technique proportional to the number of students in each class. Data Collection was done using a questionnaire that included Young’s 20-item Internet Addiction Test (IAT). Results: About 35.6% of the students had internet addiction. Males (40.6%) were significantly (p=0.001) more addicted to the internet than females (30.6%). On bivariate analysis, a higher age group (17-19 years) (OR= 2.152, 95% CI- 1.267- 3.655), male gender (OR= 3.510, 95% CI- 2.187 – 5.634) and internet access at home (OR= 2.663, 95% CI- 1.496 – 4.740) were found to have a significantly higher odds’ for internet addiction. Conclusions: Internet addiction is widely prevalent among school going adolescents and needs attention.
Learning healthcare needs when the body speaks: Insights from a 2016 Vietnamese survey on general physical examinations
Authors: Vuong Quan-Hoang , Vu Quang-Hoi 
Published: June 2022

Background: General health examinations (GHEs) help Vietnamese detect early signs of illness and serve to be an important part of preventive medicine. Having GHEs can help reduce risks of poverty due to prolonged medical treatments in Vietnam, as 70% patients without health insurance face financial burdens caused by expensive treatments. Aims & Objectives: Does owning a medicine cabinet or having practical first-aid knowledge and skills have effects on people’s attitude towards GHEs? Materials & Methods: Analysis is performed on a 2,068-observation dataset, collected from a survey towards GHEs propensity collected in Hanoi and its vicinities. The methods of baseline-categorical logit model and ordinary least square are used to estimate the probabilities. Results: (1) There exist differences in the tendency of attending GHEs between those with and without a family medicine cabinet, and knowledge of using basic medical equipment; (2) The factors of age, gender, job and marital status are also proven related to body mass index (BMI). Conclusion: People who have common medical tools in the family and medical skills are likely to have GHEs more often. The likelihood of being over-weight is higher when people become older, especially among women.
An insight into hardiness status of medical undergraduates
Authors: Chincholikar Sanjeev Vasantrao , Kulkarni Surendra 
Published: June 2022

Background: The construct of hardiness was first introduced by Kobasa and Maddi, who defined it as a resistance resource in encounter with stressful situations. Hardiness is related to three mutually related dispositions-commitment, control, and challenge. Aims and objectives: To explore hardiness status in medical undergraduates and to study the relationship between hardiness and psychological distress. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among medical students of a private medical college in Maharashtra. A validated Hardiness Questionnaire of Kobasa was administered. Scores on control, commitment and challenge were calculated and then summed up to calculate total hardiness score. Psychological distress was measured by SRQ tool, as designed by Mari J.and Williams. Results: The study population comprised of 331 students out of which 39 medical undergraduates had hardiness score less than zero indicating that 12% of study subjects were non- hardy. Significant negative association was observed between hardiness level and psychological distress. Conclusion: It was observed that 12%medical undergraduates were non-hardy. From the analysis of the data, it has been found that there is a fair negative association in hardiness and psychological distress.
Perceived Barriers in Accessing the Reproductive Health Care Services in Odisha
Authors: Sahoo Madhulika , Som Meena , Pradhan Jalandhar 
Published: June 2022

Background: The utilization of Reproductive, Maternal, and Newborn and Child health (RMNCH) services is often influenced by the socio-cultural, financial, access, political barriers acting at the community, family and individual level. Yet, very little attention has been given, either by policy makers or researchers for minimizing their effect. Aim and objective: To examine the demand and supply side barriers in accessing the maternity services and to understand the perception on maternal healthcare services. Material & Methods: The study was carried out in four districts of Odisha state, with a well representative sample of 1194 women, who delivered a child in last 2 years. Quantitative and qualitative study design was followed to collect the data. Results: The supply side barriers such as physical access and facilities were faced by the service providers. The demand side barriers such as socio-cultural, financial and access barriers were faced by the service receivers in order to avail the services. Conclusions: In order to overcome the barriers faced by the women of Odisha it is important to improve the access to services so that they get them easily. Some of the imperative actions such as strengthening community mobilization through inter-personal communication, dialogue with the key influencers in the community as well as continuous engagement with and sensitization of the service providers
A systematic approach for early identification of Syphilis Infection among Men having Sex with Men in Chennai City: - A Page Rank Based Approach
Authors: Annadurai Kabilan , Bagavandas M 
Published: June 2022

Background: National surveillance conducted over 12 year period (2003 -2015) indicated that though the prevalence of HIV among Men having Sex with Men (MSM) has decreased in India, it is the second highest contributor in 2015. However, the prevalence of syphilis is an increase in the past 15 years. Under reach for screening; conscious hiding or withholding information due to stigma; limited resources and difficulty in screening vulnerable. Objective: The primary objective of the study is to explore the feasibility of using SNA for early identification of syphilis infection among MSM. Methodology: All MSM with newly identified syphilis infection in Chennai City during October and December 2015 were included in the study. A total of six samples were identified from the STI clinics lead by Government Hospitals in Chennai City, India and contact tracing at two levels (exponential snow-ball sampling method) were completed by the researcher. Unlike traditional screening program, the questionnaire used had indirect questions to avoid direct confrontation that helped to reach a total of 146 MSM during Jan to Oct 2016. Overall page ranking was completed for all MSM. All were followed up and encouraged to attend RTI/STI screening clinic through peers regularly. Results: 24 MSMs attended syphilis RPR screening test during this 10 months study period. 12 of 13 MSM were found to be positive for syphilis had page rank value of greater than one and 1 MSM had less than one page rank value. In the case of identified negative, all (n=11) except one MSM had page rank value less than one. Statistically, correlation of page ranking with syphilis reactive value showed a strong linear positive relationship (r = 0.732) with highly significance (p-value 0.000). Conclusion: This study proved that contact tracing and page ranking in SNA could be an effective measure to early identify syphilis infected MSM with its high positivity rate (54.2%).