bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Teacher–student relationships and academic adaptation in college freshmen: Disentangling the between‐person and within‐person effects
Authors: Li Jian‐Bin 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIntroductionAdolescents face increased academic demands and lower structure as they move from high school to college. Good relationships with teachers are considered a crucial factor linked with adaptive academic behavior. However, few longitudinal studies have investigated the association between teacher–student relationships and academic adaptation over time in the higher education context, especially focusing on freshmen and separating the between‐person and within‐person effects. This study aimed to fill the said gaps based on the developmental‐contextual perspective of psychosocial adjustment.MethodsParticipants were 1578 Chinese freshmen who just transitioned from high school to college (Mage = 18.72 years, SD = 0.92). Data were collected at the 2nd (T1), 4th (T2), and 8th (T3) months upon college entry. Both cross‐lagged panel model (CLPM) and random intercept, CLPM (RI‐CLPM) were used to examine the focal association.ResultsFindings of CLPM revealed bidirectional associations between teacher–student relationships and academic adaptation over time. Findings from RI‐CLPM suggested that at the between‐person level, teacher–student relationships were significantly related to academic adaptation, echoing the results of CLPM. At the within‐person level, however, the findings revealed a unidirectional effect, such that the within‐person changes in teacher–student relationships at T2 predicted corresponding changes in academic adaptation at T3. Findings of CLPM and RI‐CLPM were robust after controlling for T1 covariates.ConclusionThe association between teacher–student relationships and academic adaptation is due mainly to the stable, trait‐like difference between individuals and due partly to state‐like variations within individuals. Enhancing teacher–student relationships appears a promising avenue to facilitate academic adaptation among college freshmen.
Generative learning approach for radiation dose reduction in X‐ray guided cardiac interventions
Authors: Azizmohammadi Fariba , Navarro Castellanos Iñaki , Miró Joaquim , Segars Paul , Samei Ehsan , Duong Luc 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundNavigation guidance in cardiac interventions is provided by X‐ray angiography. Cumulative radiation exposure is a serious concern for pediatric cardiac interventions.PurposeA generative learning‐based approach is proposed to predict X‐ray angiography frames to reduce the radiation exposure for pediatric cardiac interventions while preserving the image quality.MethodsFrame predictions are based on a model‐free motion estimation approach using a long short‐term memory architecture and a content predictor using a convolutional neural network structure. The presented model thus estimates contrast‐enhanced vascular structures such as the coronary arteries and their motion in X‐ray sequences in an end‐to‐end system. This work was validated with 56 simulated and 52 patients' X‐ray angiography sequences.ResultsUsing the predicted images can reduce the number of pulses by up to three new frames without affecting the image quality. The average required acquisition can drop by 30% per second for a 15 fps acquisition. The average structural similarity index measurement was 97% for the simulated dataset and 82% for the patients' dataset.ConclusionsFrame prediction using a learning‐based method is promising for minimizing radiation dose exposure. The required pulse rate is reduced while preserving the frame rate and the image quality. With proper integration in X‐ray angiography systems, this method can pave the way for improved dose management.
Public protests and environmental policy‐making: The cases of Xiamen antiparaxylene protests in China and the civic movement against Kodaikkanal mercury poisoning in India
Authors: Joseph Justin , Thomas Karackattu Joe 
Published: April 2022

AbstractEmerging environmental challenges continuously push against the theoretical and methodological borders of the International Relations discipline, in terms of new understandings about agency‐structure dynamics and state behavior. A comparative analysis of non‐Western polities such as India and China bring forth interesting observations regarding state praxis in dealing with the above‐mentioned challenges. This study assesses environmentalNIMBY(Not In My Backyard) protests in Xiamen, China using fieldwork observations from September 2016 to December 2016 and September 2017 to July 2018 and undertakes a comparison with a major protest movement in Tamil Nadu, India. (NIMBY stands for Not In My Backyard. NIMBY protests denote the objection of local citizens to the installation of environmentally hazardous projects in their vicinity.) The comparative assessment of protests in both countries reveals that despite dissimilarities in political cultures, new media advocacy and Environmental Nongovernmental Organizations (ENGOs) are the key factors directly responsible for facilitating public participation in environmental policy‐making in both countries. It also suggests that comparative analyses can unravel similarities among the interaction among social institutions in dealing with issues such as environmental threats across spatial and temporal dimensions. The study is based on a discursive analysis of technical study reports, media reporting, and extensive interviews and fieldwork observations.
Hospital Acquired Infections in Surgical Patients: Impact of COVID‐19‐Related Infection Prevention Measures
Authors: Tham Nicole , Fazio Timothy , Johnson Douglas , Skandarajah Anita , Hayes Ian P. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundHospital acquired infections are common, costly, and potentially preventable adverse events. This study aimed to determine the effect of the COVID‐19 pandemic‐related escalation in infection prevention and control measures on the incidence of hospital acquired infection in surgical patients in a low COVID‐19 environment in Australia.MethodThis was a retrospective cohort study in a tertiary institution. All patients undergoing a surgical procedure from 1 April 2020 to 30 June 2020 (COVID‐19 pandemic period) were compared to patients pre‐pandemic (1 April 2019–30 June 2019). The primary outcome investigated was odds of overall hospital acquired infection. The secondary outcome was patterns of involved microorganisms. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to assess odds of hospital acquired infection.ResultsThere were 5945 admission episodes included in this study, 224 (6.6%) episodes had hospital acquired infections in 2019 and 179 (7.1%) in 2020. Univariable logistic regression analysis demonstrated no evidence of change in odds of having a hospital acquired infection between cohorts (OR 1.08, 95% CI 0.88–1.33, P = 0.434). The multivariable regression analysis adjusting for potentially confounding co‐variables also demonstrated no evidence of change in odds of hospital acquired infection (OR 0.93, 95% CI 0.74–1.16, P = 0.530).ConclusionIncreased infection prevention and control measures did not affect the incidence of hospital acquired infection in surgical patients in our institution, suggesting that there may be a plateau effect with these measures in a system with a pre‐existing high baseline of practice.
Population pharmacokinetic analysis of tepotinib, an oral MET kinase inhibitor, including data from the VISION study
Authors: Xiong Wenyuan , Papasouliotis Orestis , Jonsson E. Niclas , Strotmann Rainer , Girard Pascal 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Tepotinib is a highly selective, potent, mesenchymal–epithelial transition factor (MET) inhibitor, approved for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harboring MET exon 14 skipping. Objectives of this population pharmacokinetic (PK) analysis were to evaluate the dose–exposure relationship of tepotinib and its major circulating metabolite, MSC2571109A, and to identify the intrinsic/extrinsic factors that are predictive of PK variability.

Methods
Data were included from 12 studies in patients with cancer and in healthy participants. A sequential modeling approach was used to analyze the parent and metabolite data, including covariate analyses. Potential associations between observed covariates and PK parameters were illustrated using bootstrap analysis-based forest plots.

Results
A two-compartment model with sequential zero- and first-order absorption, and a first-order elimination from the central compartment, best described the plasma PK of tepotinib in humans across the dose range of 30–1400 mg. The bioavailability of tepotinib was shown to be dose dependent, although bioavailability decreased primarily at doses above the therapeutic dose of 500 mg. The intrinsic factors of race, age, sex, body weight, mild/moderate hepatic impairment and mild/moderate renal impairment, along with the extrinsic factors of opioid analgesic and gefitinib intake, had no relevant effect on tepotinib PK. Tepotinib has a long effective half-life of ~ 32 h.

Conclusions
Tepotinib shows dose proportionality up to at least the therapeutic dose, and time-independent clearance with a profile appropriate for once-daily dosing. None of the covariates identified had a clinically meaningful effect on tepotinib exposure or required dose adjustments.
Proposed diagnostic volumetric bone mineral density thresholds for osteoporosis and osteopenia at the cervicothoracic spine in correlation to the lumbar spine
Authors: Rühling Sebastian , Scharr Andreas , Sollmann Nico , Wostrack Maria , Löffler Maximilian T. , Menze Bjoern , Sekuboyina Anjany , El Husseini Malek , Braren Rickmer , Zimmer Claus , Kirschke Jan S. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Objectives
To determine the correlation between cervicothoracic and lumbar volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD) in an average cohort of adults and to identify specific diagnostic thresholds for the cervicothoracic spine on the individual subject level.

Methods
In this HIPPA–compliant study, we retrospectively included 260 patients (59.7 ± 18.3 years, 105 women), who received a contrast-enhanced or non-contrast-enhanced CT scan. vBMD was extracted using an automated pipeline (https://anduin.bonescreen.de). The association of vBMD between each vertebra spanning C2–T12 and the averaged values at the lumbar spine (L1–L3) was analyzed before and after semiquantitative assessment of fracture status and degeneration, and respective vertebra-specific cut-off values for osteoporosis were calculated using linear regression.

Results
In both women and men, trabecular vBMD decreased with age in the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar regions. vBMD values of cervicothoracic vertebrae showed strong correlations with lumbar vertebrae (L1–L3), with a median Pearson value of r = 0.87 (range: rC2 = 0.76 to rT12 = 0.96). The correlation coefficients were significantly lower (p < 0.0001) without excluding fractured and degenerated vertebrae, median r = 0.82 (range: rC2 = 0.69 to rT12 = 0.93). Respective cut-off values for osteoporosis peaked at C4 (209.2 mg/ml) and decreased to 83.8 mg/ml at T12.

Conclusion
Our data show a high correlation between clinically used mean L1–L3 values and vBMD values elsewhere in the spine, independent of age. The proposed cut-off values for the cervicothoracic spine therefore may allow the determination of low bone mass even in clinical cases where only parts of the spine are imaged.

Key Points

vBMD of all cervicothoracic vertebrae showed strong correlation with lumbar vertebrae (L1–L3), with a median Pearson’s correlation coefficient of r = 0.87 (range: rC2 = 0.76 to rT12 = 0.96).

The correlation coefficients were significantly lower (p < 0.0001) without excluding fractured and moderate to severely degenerated vertebrae, median r = 0.82 (range: rC2 = 0.69 to rT12 = 0.93).

We postulate that trabecular vBMD < 200 mg/ml for the cervical spine and < 100 mg/ml for the thoracic spine are strong indicators of osteoporosis, similar to < 80 mg/ml at the lumbar spine.
Osteoporosis in children and adolescents: when to suspect and how to diagnose it
Authors: Ciancia Silvia , van Rijn Rick R. , Högler Wolfgang , Appelman-Dijkstra Natasha M. , Boot Annemieke M. , Sas Theo C. J. , Renes Judith S. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractEarly recognition of osteoporosis in children and adolescents is important in order to establish an appropriate diagnosis of the underlying condition and to initiate treatment if necessary. In this review, we present the diagnostic work-up, and its pitfalls, of pediatric patients suspected of osteoporosis including a careful collection of the medical and personal history, a complete physical examination, biochemical data, molecular genetics, and imaging techniques. The most recent and relevant literature has been reviewed to offer a broad overview on the topic. Genetic and acquired pediatric bone disorders are relatively common and cause substantial morbidity. In recent years, there has been significant progress in the understanding of the genetic and molecular mechanistic basis of bone fragility and in the identification of acquired causes of osteoporosis in children. Specifically, drugs that can negatively impact bone health (e.g. steroids) and immobilization related to acute and chronic diseases (e.g. Duchenne muscular dystrophy) represent major risk factors for the development of secondary osteoporosis and therefore an indication to screen for bone mineral density and vertebral fractures. Long-term studies in children chronically treated with steroids have resulted in the development of systematic approaches to diagnose and manage pediatric osteoporosis.Conclusions: Osteoporosis in children requires consultation with and/or referral to a pediatric bone specialist. This is particularly relevant since children possess the unique ability for spontaneous and medication-assisted recovery, including reshaping of vertebral fractures. As such, pediatricians have an opportunity to improve bone mass accrual and musculoskeletal health in osteoporotic children.

What is Known:• Both genetic and acquired pediatric disorders can compromise bone health and predispose to fractures early in life.• The identification of children at risk of osteoporosis is essential to make a timely diagnosis and start the treatment, if necessary.

What is New:• Pediatricians have an opportunity to improve bone mass accrual and musculoskeletal health in osteoporotic children and children at risk of osteoporosis.• We offer an extensive but concise overview about the risk factors for osteoporosis and the diagnostic work-up (and its pitfalls) of pediatric patients suspected of osteoporosis.
Middle fossa approach for a facial nerve schwannoma: how I do it
Authors: González-López Pablo , Martorell-Llobregat Carlos , Beneš Vladimír , Daniel Roy T. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Facial nerve schwannomas can extend to the middle fossa or the cerebellopontine angle through the labyrinthine and cisternal segments of the facial nerve. The middle fossa approach (MFA) and its extensions provide a wide approach to deal with a large variety of lesions located in the middle and posterior cranial fossa junction.

Methods
We describe the MFA along with its advantages and limitations to treat a facial nerve schwannoma involving the middle and posterior cranial fossa.

Conclusions
The MFA is a well-established route to surgically deal with tumors located in and around the proximal four segments of the facial nerve.
Endoscopic treatment of sagittal suture synostosis — a critical analysis of current management strategies
Authors: Fassl Verena , Ellermann Laura , Reichelt Gabriele , Pape Phillipe , Blecher Christoph , Hoffmann Christian , Ringel Florian , Al-Nawas Bilal , Heider Julia , Ottenhausen Malte 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWhile many centers nowadays offer minimally invasive techniques for the treatment of single suture synostosis, surgical techniques and patient management vary significantly. We provide an overview of how scaphocephaly treated with endoscopic techniques is managed in the reported series and analyze the crucial steps that need to be dealt with during the management process. We performed a review of the published literature including all articles that examined sagittal-suture synostosis treated with endoscopic techniques as part of single- or multicenter studies. Fourteen studies reporting results of 885 patients were included. We identified 5 key steps in the management of patients. A total of 188 patients were female and 537 male (sex was only specified in 10 articles, for 725 included patients, respectively). Median age at surgery was between 2.6 and 3.9 months with a total range from 1.5 to 7.0 months. Preoperative diagnostics included clinical and ophthalmologic examinations as well as neuropsychological and genetic consultations if needed. In 5 publications, a CT scan was routinely performed. Several groups used anthropometric measurements, mostly the cephalic index. All groups analyzed equally recommended to perform endoscopically assisted craniosynostosis surgery with postoperative helmet therapy in children < 3 months of age, at least for non-syndromic cases. There exist significant variations in surgical techniques and patient management for children treated endoscopically for single suture sagittal synostosis. This heterogeneity constitutes a major problem in terms of comparability between different strategies.
Bulbostylis itremoensis (Abildgaardieae, Cyperaceae), a new sedge species from Madagascar
Authors: Rasaminirina Fitiavana , Rakotoarimanana Vonjison , Ralimanana Helene , Rabehevitra David , Larridon Isabel 
Published: April 2022

SummaryAn endemic species of Bulbostylis (Abildgaardieae, Cyperaceae) from Madagascar is described as new to science. Bulbostylis itremoensis is only known from two localities: the Itremo and Isalo massifs in the province of Fianarantsoa. The species can be recognised by its habit with numerous crowded culms, leaves and thick, soft roots with an outer mycorrhizal layer. Its culm is hairy, angular with about 10 rounded longitudinal ridges without conspicuous surface cells. The leaf sheaths are light brown to straw-coloured with numerous longitudinal nerves, densely short-hairy on the nerves but with numerous flexuose whitish hairs at their oblique orifices. Its inflorescence is a dense hemispherical head of c. 15 crowded spikelets with many erect or spreading involucral bracts. Its glumes are ovate, densely scabrid of which medium-reddish brown with a prominent 1 – 3-nerved green midrib ending below the obtuse apex or excurrent into a short mucro. This species is described, illustrated and compared to the other species of Bulbostylis that occur in the Itremo Massif Protected Area.
Hydrothermal treatment (HTT) for improving the fuel properties of biomass residues
Authors: Paczkowski Sebastian , Comi Julian , Küttner Immanuel , Knappe Victoria , Russ Michael , Robles Luis Alonzo Diaz , Jaeger Dirk , Pelz Stefan 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Water leaching and hydrothermal carbonization are tools to upgrade biomass residues for combustion. Water leaching reduces the ash content, which increases the heating value, while hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) increases heating value and ash content and decreases the organic fraction of the fuel. The objective of this study is to investigate, whether low temperature hydrothermal treatment (HTT) of biomass residues can combine the positive aspects of both treatments and avoid the negative aspects: a decrease of the ash content (leaching) instead of an increase (HTC) and a strong increase of the heating value by deoxygenation (HTC) instead of a low increase by ash reduction (leaching). Sawdust, conifer bark, black locust bark, green cuttings, and leaves were treated at 150 °C, 170 °C and 185 °C in a batch reactor. The impact of the three treatments on combustion properties, inorganic element reduction, and organic compound formation in the liquid phase were investigated. All biomass residues, except sawdust treated at 150 °C, showed increased heating values and reduced ash contents. The intensity of the heating value increases, and the reduction rates of selected ash elements were discussed, including a comparison of literature values and a short review on organic reaction and formation processes at low temperature and pressure conditions.
Living with EU Law
Authors: Azoulai Loïc 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe article is a discussion of Floris de Witte’s ‘Here be Dragons: Legal Geography and EU Law’. It argues that this essay is a direct challenge to the traditional institutional thinking of European integration. This new approach suggests a turn to new empirical studies. But it also implies the elaboration of a new conceptual language for Europe. This language is still to come.
On the potential of place and place of potential
Authors: Trotter Sarah 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis contribution to the symposium on Legal Geography and EU Law reflects on Floris de Witte’s paper. It makes two points: one about the potential of thinking about place in (and for) EU law and a second about the idea that potentiality itself – a notion which alludes to what could be – could be thought of in spatial terms. The overarching suggestion is that these ways of thinking offer insights into the meaning of meaning in EU law.
European public law after empires
Authors: Larsen Signe Rehling 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis article seeks to remedy a fundamental flaw in the debate about European integration and European Union (EU) law: the almost complete absence of a reckoning with the legacy of empire and imperialism. The article shows that the significance of EU law can be understood only against the background of the historical transformation of the European public law order with the decline of the European empires. European integration is an integral part of a new European public law order that finally replaced the public law order of the European empires – Droit Public de l’Europe or Jus Publicum Europaeum – in which the European states held a privileged place as the only ‘civilised’, and hence, sovereign states in the world. The post-World War II European public law order entailed a new vision for domestic public law, but also constituted intra-European relations anew, and established a new set of external relations between Europe and its former colonies. With the shift from ‘European’ international law to ‘universal’ international law in the twentieth century, European integration helped carve out a space for ‘Europe’ in a world where Europe was no longer the centre of gravity.