bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DETERMINATION OF VITAMIN C IN FLOWERS OF SOME BOSNIAN CRATAEGUS L. SPECIES
Authors: Tahirović Azra , Čopra – Janićijević Amira , Bašić Neđad , Klepo Lejla , Subašić Mirel 
Published: January 2022

UDK 582.711.714:577.164.2
543.42:577.164.2
Vitamin C or ascorbic acid content has been determinated by spectrophotometric method and titrimetric method in flowers of some Bosnian hawthorns (Crataegus L). species. Spectrophotometric method used in this study was based on the kinetic reaction between Vitamin C and methylene blue. Measurements were carried out at absorption maximum, λmax= 665 nm. We found that the lowest content of vitamin C was 617.07 mg/100 g of dry sample in flowers of the C. microphylla, and the highest level of Vitamin C was found in the C. monogyna (1104 mg/100 g of dry sample) flowers. Recoveries of the results obtained by the spectrophotometric method were 94 % - 100% with relative standard deviation (RSD) values from 4.5% – 6.7 %.
Obtained results shown that flowers of investigated Crataegus L. species are good source of vitamin C.
MODEL OF FUNCTIONAL GOVERNING AND OPTIMAL ORGANIZATION OF FOREST SECTOR IN FEDERATION B-H
Authors: Delić Sabina , Bećirović Dženan , Marić Bruno , Brajić Amila , Mutabdžija Senka 
Published: January 2022

UDK 630*68(497.6)
630*9(497.6)
In order to define functional model of governing of forest resources in F B-H, as well as efficient and effective organizational model of the forest enterprises, qualitative research has been conducted for the purposes of this paper. Through direct interviewing of all key forest policy decision makers in F B-H, opinions and attitudes about these questions were collected. Based on analysis of interest groups importance as well as influence and involvement in the process of creation of the functional forest governing model in F B-H - functional governing model has been proposed with clear emphasis of advantages concerning present model.
Principles of sustainable governing and management of forest resources, assurance of participative approach in the process of decision making and transparency were basis for definition of functional governing model for management of forest resources.
For provision of optimal model of organization of forest sector in F B-H, it has been crucial to define ecological, sociological, economical and other criteria, that user of forest resources should respect. The optimal number of organizational units, which manage forest resource on the territory of F B-H, depends from the achievement of the established criteria and real capacities for establishment of the enterprise. This would lead to further decentralization in management of forest resources in F B-H; that would have its positive effects.
CLIMAT AND OROGRAPHIC IMPACT ON VOLUME INCREMENT OF THE FORESTS OF BEECH, FIR AND SPRUCE ON LIMESTONE AND DOLOMITE IN FEDERATION OF BOSNA AND HERZEGOVINA
Authors: Lojo Ahmet 
Published: January 2022

UDK 630*56:630*11(497.6)
631.442.2:630*56(497.6)
Research results of the stand volume increment changes in mixed forests of beech, fir and spruce on limestone and dolomite in Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (FB&H), is presented in this work. Impact of different factors to volume increment value was investigated: habitat quality, values - indicators of structural characteristics particular forest stands, and orographic characteristics if the terrain. Impact of climate differences was investigated trough position of the forests stands in particular ecological-vegetation regions in B&H. Research was done on example of 799 forest stands, trough complex methods of multiple regression analyses, and variance analyses (ANOVA), The results shows that volume increment of the forest stands, besides taxation values: basal area, relative share species in volume, average diameter of the trees, medium height of the trees 50 cm in diameter, significantly depend of the altitude and belonging to particular ecological-vegetation regions in B&H.
The result of the analyses is complex model for forest stand volume increment assessment. It was concluded that volume increment of these forest is higher about 1 m3/ha, now than 50 years ago, when very similar investigation was done in the same forests.
VARIABILITY OF SOME MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF SILVER FIR (Abies alba Mill.) IN A NATIONAL TEST OF PROVENIENCES
Authors: Halilović Velid , Mekić Faruk , Višnjić Ćemal , Ballian Dalibor 
Published: January 2022

UDK 582.475:581.4(497.6 Olovo)
The research has been carried out in a formal experiment with silver fir near Očevje-Olovo, with nine provenances originating from natural BiH population of 22 years of age. The research observed following provenances: communities from the area of Bugojno, Bosanski Petrovac, Olovo-Palež, Olovo-Klis, Pale, Konjic, Fojnica, Sokolac, and Prozor.
The analysis of diameter on the root collar found that there are statistically significant differences among the provenances. It was also found that the biggest diameter on the root collar was on the provenances of Fojnica, with 75.6 mm, whereas the smallest was on the provenances of Olovo-Klis, with 65.2 mm. In terms of breast height diameter, some statistically significant differences were also found, so that the biggest diameter was on the provenance of Fojnica, with 47.0 mm, whereas the smallest value of this feature was on the provenance of Pale, with 41.6 mm.
The analysis of the height of different provenances for the testing period, 1999 – 2005 (7 years), suggested statistically significant differences among the provenances. The biggest value was on the provenance of Bosanski Petrovac, with 407 cm, whereas the smallest height was on the provenance of Olovo-Klis, with 364 cm.
The results obtained during this research provide valuable information, which can be used as indicators for successful differentiation of silver fir.
MORPHOLOGICAL IDENTIFICATION OF NOTHOSPECIES ALNUS X PUBESCENS TAUSCH. AND THEIR NEW LOCALITIES IN CENTRAL BOSNIA
Authors: Bašić Neđad , Selimović Eldin , Pustahija Fatima 
Published: January 2022

UDK: 582.632.1:581.45(497.6)
Natural interspecies hybrids of black (Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn) and grey (A. incana (L.) Moench) alder are not frequent in nature but they are registered, and according to modern systematic nomenclature are classified within nothospecies A. × pubescens Tausch.. Since the presence of spontaneous intermediate forms of the genus Alnus in Bosnia and Herzegovina is insufficiently explored, the first results of comparative morphological analysis (seven leaf’s characters) of black and grey alder and their hybrids are given in this study. About 10% of hybrid individuals were present in the studied sympatric populations, and they had more heterogeneous leaves than parental species. Good diagnostic characters showed intermediate values in comparison to the parental species, which are: number of pairs of lateral veins, angle from the top of the leaflet to the top of the upper 3rd nerve, and distance from the top of the leaflet to the top of the upper 3rd vein. According to analyzed characters, hybrids either hold intermediate positions between the parental species or are closer to the maternal species (A. incana). Three new findings of nothospecies A. × pubescens for Flora B&H are rivers’ localities Drinjača near Kladanj, Turbe near Travnik, and Stavnja near Vareš. Due to the low frequency of observed individuals of A. x pubescens, they are vulnerable and require special measures of protection and biodiversity conservation activities of autochthonous gene pool, it is necessary to determine the actual state in all previously published hybrid complexes’ findings and expand researches in B&H in the coming period.
STRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS, DYNAMICS AND TEXTURE DEVELOPMENT OF VIRGIN FOREST RAVNA VALA ON BJELAŠNICA
Authors: Višnjić Ćemal , Balić Besim , Vojniković Sead , Mekić Faruk , Uzunović Amir 
Published: January 2022

UDK: 630*228(234.422 Bjelašnica)(253)
This work researches structural composition, texture and diversity of development phases of virgin forest „Ravna vala“ on Bjelašnica. Virgin forest „Ravna vala“ is located in central part of Bosnia and Herzegovina, about 20 km south west from Sarajevo on mountain Bjelašnica, on altitude of 1280 to 1450 m. First time it was described in 1978. Within it we have positioned permanent plot of the square shape in size of 1 ha. Research was conducted on permanent plot in three time series: in years 1978, 1988 and 2008, and on 46 temporary systematically positioned circular plots in diameter of 12.6 meters, where each represents as per 1 ha of virgin forest area. In virgin forest we have registered 689 trees per hectare and wood supply mass of 701 m3/ha. Through analysis of dynamics of growth of specific species trees, it is visible that beech suppresses fir, i.e. there is a shift in main species in virgin forest, therefore, in the last 30 years number of beech trees has tripled in the lower diameter classes. Virgin forest has mostly present optimum phase and evenness phase, and rejuvenation phase. Texture diversity is expressed through Shannon index in value of 1.69, and evenness index has the value of 0.86.
STAND STRUCTURE, DEAD WOOD AND FLORISTIC COMPOSITION OF A PRISTINE FOREST STAND OF BEECH AND FIR COMPARED TO A MANAGED FOREST IN THE DINARIC MOUNTAIN BJELAŠNICA
Authors: Višnjić Ćemal , Vojniković Sead , Balić Besim , Mekić Faruk , Ivojević Sead 
Published: January 2022

UDK: 630*228(234.422 Bjelašnica)(253)
This paper presents the results of a comparative analysis of the structural and vegetation characteristics of "Ravna vala" pristine (virgin) forest and the managed forest of beech and fir (with spruce). Pristine forest "Ravna vala" is located in the central part of Bosnia and Herzegovina, about 20 km southwest of Sarajevo on Bjelašnica Mountain, at an altitude from 1280 to 1450 m. The managed forest of beech and fir with spruce, which was used for comparison, borders "Ravna vala" and has the same habitat conditions: climate, orography and land, and the similar structural characteristics and composition of tree species as the pristine forest.
Beech and fir communities (Abieti-Fagetum illyricum Treg. 1957) dominate but spruce can also be found in the area of ​​research. Noble hardwoods such as sycamore and elm are found both individually or in small groups in depressions in deeper soils.
Both the pristine forest and the managed forest show the selective diameter structure. However, the great differences between the pristine forest and the managed forest are final diameter classes. The thickest tree in the pristine forest has the breast diameter of 145 cm, while the diameter of the thickest tree in the industrial forest is 70 cm. The volume of the stands is 770 m3/ha in the pristine forest and it is two times larger than in the managed forest. The volume of dead wood in the pristine forest is 170 m3/ha and it is five times larger than in the managed forest. While stumps and thicker branches are the most common in the stock of dead trees in the managed forest, the most common in the stock of dead wood in the pristine forest are tall stumps as well as lying and standing dead trees. Floristic researches have shown that selective management does not reflect negatively on floristic diversity, but ground vegetation is richer in species in the managed forest. Shannon's diversity index and evenness index of vascular flora have higher values ​​in the managed forest. Unlike floristic diversity, the stand diversity index of Jähne & Dohrenbusch (1997) shows higher values ​​in the pristine forest than in the managed forest.
EVALUATION OF ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF THREE LAMIACEAE SPECIES USING THE BRIGGS-RAUSCHER REACTION METHOD
Authors: Nefić Šejla , Gojak-Salimović Sabina 
Published: January 2022

UDK: 582.929.4:581.19]:544
The antioxidant activity of aqueous and aqueous-ethanolic extracts from lemon balm, rosemary and sage leaves were investigated using the Briggs-Rauscher reaction method. This method is based on the inhibitory effects of antioxidants on the oscillations of the Briggs-Rauscher reaction mixture. The extracts from examined plants were prepared using process maceration at room temperature and boiling temperature under reflux conditions. The inhibition times produced by addition of examined plant extracts on an active Briggs-Rauscher reaction mixture were followed potentiometrically. Relative antioxidant activity was determined on the basis of inhibition time using rosmarinic acid as standard. The aqueous extract from sage obtained at boiling temperature under reflux conditions showed the best ability to inhibit oscillations ie. the highest antioxidant activity. The antioxidant activity for six two-component mixtures of aqueous extracts obtained at boiling temperature under reflux conditions was also investigated.
REGRESION MODELS FOR ASSESMENT OF THE VOLUME INCREMENT OF THE FIR, BEECH AND SPRUCE IN FORESTS OF BEECH, FIR AND SPRUCE ON LIMESTONE IN FEDERATION OF BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA
Authors: Lojo Ahmet 
Published: January 2022

UDK: 630*56(497.6)
The paper displays research results of volume increment size of main tree species, fir, beech and spruce within mixed forests of beech, fir and spruce on limestone and dolomites in Federation of Bosnia and Hercegovina (FBiH).
Fir and beech forests along with the spruce represent the most important part of forest resources in BiH. As LOJO (2013) points out, around 371 000 ha of these forests are located on limestone and dolomites and are selection forests for the most part. Knowledge of laws of changes in size of volume increment of selection stand of trees is necessary for high quality planning of forestry production. The paper explores changes of volume increment sizes especially for following tree species: fir, spruce and beech within mixed stand of trees. Research sample are measured sample plots from 799 mixed stand of trees larger than 40 ha recorded during 11 years' time during the creation of forest management plans. Stands of trees in which control recordings were conducted for the purpose of reliability of data were taken as a sample. Multiple regression models for estimation of volume increment size of fir, spruce and beech including two models for each species of trees. Models used for volume increment size estimation of mixed forest in optimal - normal state and models used for determination of volume increment that is as accurate as possible when the size of multiple independent factors that affect change in volume increment size are known. This paper explores dependence of change of volume increment on: site class expressed through average height of trees whose diameter is 50 cm, share of species of trees in the stand volume, degree of coverage of the ground with crowns of trees of medium diameter in stand of trees which was calculated based on the basal area of species of trees and share of deciduous trees in the stand of trees volume. For more precise model size of basal area of species of trees in stand of trees and average altitude were used.
To Be Torn Between Approximation and Critique: A Case Study of Christiane Nord’s Translating as a Purposeful Activity: Functionalist Approaches Explained
Authors: Ali Ahmad 
Published: January 2022

This paper aims at introducing the experiment of rendering one of the most remarkable books of Christiane Nord, who is regarded as one of the most prominent translation scholars and a salient professor of applied linguistics in Germany, into Arabic, under the title of «الترجمة بوصفها نشاطا هادفا: مداخل نظرية مشروحة». In her book, she dealt with the functional approaches to translation, including new concepts, in theory, which require re-adaptation matching the other culture, i.e., the target Arabic, trying to find a full equivalent or a near-equivalent thereof. The novelty in this field lies in the theorization of translation studies and its theories and concepts as well, except for some cases. It is commonly acknowledged that translation, as a branch of knowledge, is early practiced; it bridged the gap between civilizations and some branches of knowledge among the peoples of the world over ages. However, it was basically based on the axiomatic practice, devoid of any theoretical and interpretative restrictions and criteria indicating the various approaches to translation, not to mention its multiple forms adopted more or less by the translator. Thus, this paper attempts particularly to 1) investigate the obstacles faced by the translator on the onset process of translation, such as the theoretical terms and concepts, including assignment, translational act, translation proper, etc.; 2) analyze Nord’s style, which is characterized sometimes with flexibility and sometimes with contrast, representing an arduous task for the translator, especially when decomposing the codes of the original. Additionally, she uses too long sentences, embedded with other parenthetical clauses, which are challenging for either the reader or the translator, whose task is to put things back together and to re-connect the scattered elements of the image; 3) demonstrate some solutions and strategies adopted in translation, such as glosses, especially in cases of ambiguity or inconsistency, consulting other references for the purpose of documentation and authenticity. Last but not least, it attempts to answer a set of questions represented in the challenges of rendering such a book, including the following:

Why did Nord create sometimes inappropriate compound technical terms in German?
Why did not she adopt an appropriate equivalent to German words?
What is the purpose behind both the excessive use of details and the concise statements or explanations?
What is the purpose behind the ambiguous explanations and unnecessary lengthy phrases adopted by Nord in her book?

What are the possible strategies and solutions the translator adopted to render the meaning adequately and honestly with no excess or negligence?
Low summer river flows associated with low productivity of Chinook salmon in a watershed with shifting hydrology
Authors: Warkentin Luke , Parken Charles K. , Bailey Richard , Moore Jonathan W. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Climate change and human activities are transforming river flows globally, with potentially large consequences for freshwater life. To help inform watershed and flow management, there is a need for empirical studies linking flows and fish productivity.

We tested the effects of river conditions and other factors on 22 years of Chinook salmon productivity in a watershed in British Columbia, Canada.

Freshwater conditions during adult salmon migration and spawning, as well as during juvenile rearing, explained a large amount of variation in productivity.

August river flows while salmon fry reared had the strongest effect on productivity—our model predicted that cohorts that experience 50% below average flow in the August of rearing have 21% lower productivity.

These contemporary relationships are set within long‐term changes in climate, land use, and hydrology. Over the last century, average August river discharge decreased by 26%, air temperatures warmed, and water withdrawals increased. Seventeen percent of the watershed was logged in the last 20 years.

Our results suggest that, in order to remain stable, this Chinook salmon population being assessed for legal protection requires substantially higher August flow than previously recommended. Changing flow regimes—driven by watershed impacts and climate change—can threaten imperilled fish populations.
Long COVID‐19: Objectifying most self‐reported neurological symptoms
Authors: Bungenberg Julia , Humkamp Karen , Hohenfeld Christian , Rust Marcus Immanuel , Ermis Ummehan , Dreher Michael , Hartmann Niels‐Ulrik Korbinian , Marx Gernot , Binkofski Ferdinand , Finke Carsten , Schulz Jörg B. , Costa Ana Sofia , Reetz Kathrin 
Published: January 2022

AbstractObjectivesWe aimed to objectify and compare persisting self‐reported symptoms in initially hospitalized and non‐hospitalized patients after infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) by applying clinical standardized measures.MethodsWe conducted a cross‐sectional study of adult patients with confirmed SARS‐CoV‐2 infection including medical history, neurological examination, blood markers, neuropsychological testing, patient‐reported outcome measures (PROMs), and brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).ResultsFifty patients with persisting symptoms for at least 4 weeks were included and classified by initial hospitalization status. Median time from SARS‐CoV‐2 detection to investigation was 29.3 weeks (range 3.3–57.9). Although individual cognitive performance was generally within the normative range in both groups, mostly mild deficits were found in attention, executive functions, and memory. Hospitalized patients performed worse in global cognition, logical reasoning, and processes of verbal memory. In both groups, fatigue severity was associated with reduced performance in attention and psychomotor speed tasks (rs = −0.40, p < 0.05) and reduced quality of life (EQ5D, rs = 0.57, p < 0.001) and with more persisting symptoms (median 3 vs. 6, p < 0.01). PROMs identified fatigue, reduced sleep quality, and increased anxiety and depression in both groups but more pronounced in non‐hospitalized patients. Brain MRI revealed microbleeds exclusively in hospitalized patients (n = 5).InterpretationRegardless of initial COVID‐19 severity, an individuals' mental and physical health can be severely impaired in the long‐term limitedly objectified by clinical standard diagnostic with abnormalities primarily found in hospitalized patients. This needs to be considered when planning rehabilitation therapies and should give rise to new biomarker research.
Hybrid Energy Storage and Hydrogen Supply Based on Aluminum—a Multiservice Case for Electric Mobility and Energy Storage Services
Authors: Ersoy Hüseyin , Baumann Manuel , Barelli Linda , Ottaviano Andrea , Trombetti Lorenzo , Weil Marcel , Passerini Stefano 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe realization of a fully decarbonized mobility and energy system requires the availability of carbon‐free electricity and fuels which can be ensured only by cost‐efficient and sustainable energy storage technologies. In line with this demand, a techno‐economic evaluation of aluminum as a cross‐sectoral renewable energy carrier is conducted. The assessment, based on a newly developed process, involves the wet combustion of Aluminum at 700 °C resulting in heat and hydrogen (H2) generation. The designed conversion plant enables the contemporaneous generation of electricity and on demand H2 (up to 4 MW and 46.8 kg h–1) with round‐trip efficiencies as high as 40.7% and full recycling of the Al2O3 waste. This study, assuming the carbon‐free production of Al and three different energy cost scenarios, proves the feasibility of the e‐fueling station business case. The overall energy conversion including fuel production (power‐to‐Al), utilization (Al‐to‐power and Al‐to‐H2), and recycling requires a capital investment of 5200 € per kW installed power without additional primary material demand. Hence, the estimated power‐to‐X cost for the Al‐based H2 is estimated in the range of 4.2–9.6 € kg–1 H2, while wind and solar power based green H2 production cost varies from 6.5 to 12.1 € kg–1 H2.
Label‐Free Spontaneous Raman Sensing in Photonic Crystal Fibers with Nanomolar Sensitivity
Authors: Eleftheriades Basil G. , Storey Emily E. , Helmy Amr S. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAn approach to significantly enhance spontaneous Raman sensitivity through the formation of a thin film via thermophoresis along with evaporation at the facet of a hollow‐core photonic crystal fiber is reported for the first time. Sensitivity of detection is increased by more than 6 orders of magnitude for both organic and inorganic nanoparticles, facilitating the search for trace analytes in solution. Detection of two nanoparticles, alumina and polystyrene, is demonstrated down to 392 nM without the use of surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy or other chemical‐based procedures. This new thin‐film deposition approach simplifies the simultaneous detection and analysis of small trace compounds, a previously arduous task using conventional spontaneous Raman.