bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Radiographers’ perception on the provision of psychosocial support for cancer patients
Authors: Azzopardi Jade , Mercieca Susan , Portelli Jonathan Loui 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Introduction:
Therapeutic radiographers are the first point of contact for cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy treatment and therefore have an important role in providing both physical and psychosocial support to these patients. This study aimed to evaluate therapeutic radiographers’ perception about their role in identifying and providing psychosocial support for patients receiving RT treatment.

Method:
The study used a cross-sectional, prospective research design. A self-designed questionnaire was distributed to all therapeutic radiographers (n = 26) working at a radiotherapy department in Malta.

Results:
A total of 21 therapeutic radiographers completed the questionnaire. All participants felt that the provision of psychological care was an important part of their role as therapeutic radiographers. The majority of the participants reported having the most confidence in giving treatment-related symptoms advice rather than psychological support. The most common barrier to providing psychological support was lack of training (95·2%), followed by the lack of an appropriate screening tool (85·7%), availability of private space to talk to patients (76·2%) and a lack of knowledge (61·9%).

Conclusion:
While most therapeutic radiographers believed that providing psychosocial support was an important aspect of their role, several barriers prevented them from fulfilling this role. Training, the introduction of a psychosocial screening tool and clear referral processes are recommended to improve radiotherapy service.
Priority setting and cross-country learning: the relevance of TO-REACH for primary care
Authors: Groenewegen Peter , Hansen Johan , Fahy Nick , Haarmann Alexander , Montante Sabrina , Azzopardi Muscat Natasha , Poldrugovac Mircha , Ricciardi Walter , Tomaselli Gianpaolo 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Aim:
To inform the primary care community about priorities for research in primary care as came up from the European project TO-REACH and to discuss transferability of service and policy innovations between countries.

Background:
TO-REACH stands for Transfer of Organizational innovations for Resilient, Effective, equitable, Accessible, sustainable and Comprehensive Health services and systems. This EU-funded project has put health systems and services research higher on the European agenda and has led to the current development of a European ‘Partnership Transforming Health and Care Systems’.

Methods:
To identify research priorities, both qualitative and quantitative approaches were used. Policy documents and strategic roadmaps were searched, and priorities were mapped. Stakeholders were involved through national roundtable consultations and online consultations. Regarding transferability, we carried out a review of the literature, guided by a conceptual framework, and using a snowballing approach.

Findings:
Primary care emerged as an important priority from the inventory, as are areas that are conducive to strengthening primary care, such as workforce policies. The large variation in service organisation and policy around primary care in Europe is a huge potential for cross-country learning. However, the simple transfer of primary care service and policy arrangements from one health system to another has a big chance to fail, unless known conditions for successful transfer are taken into account and gaps in our knowledge about transfer are resolved.
Knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding vaccination among community pharmacists
Authors: Ozdemir Nesligul , Kara Emre , Bayraktar-Ekincioglu Aygin , Buyukcam Ayse , Celiker Ayce , Demirkan Kutay , Kara Ates 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Background:
Healthcare professionals’ vaccine recommendation is the most effective method to increase vaccination rates of the community. The vaccine counseling and recommendation behavior of pharmacists, who are among the easily accessible healthcare professionals, are influenced by their knowledge and attitudes about vaccines.

Aim:
It was aimed to investigate community pharmacists’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding commonly used vaccines.

Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted as an online survey with a sample of 1100 community pharmacists in Turkey. Pharmacists were invited to participate in the study by phone calls. A structured survey, which consists of 40 questions to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding vaccines, was sent to the e-mail addresses of pharmacists who volunteered to participate in the study.

Findings:
A total of 430 pharmacists completed the survey. Thirty percent of pharmacists had lack of knowledge about vaccination during pregnancy, whereas 52.2% and 31.4% of pharmacists believed that tetanus and influenza vaccines should be provided during pregnancy, respectively. Nearly 89% of pharmacists recommended vaccines to patients, mainly for influenza vaccine (83.9%). Only 31.5% of pharmacists had been vaccinated against influenza in the last season, whereas 50.5% had never been vaccinated. Pharmacists who had been vaccinated with influenza vaccine had a high rate of recommending influenza vaccines to the patients.

Conclusion:
The present study found that vaccination among pharmacists in Turkey and their knowledge on vaccination during pregnancy were low. Further education of pharmacists to improve their knowledge and attitudes toward vaccines is needed.
Shifting into Digital Services: Does a Financial Crisis Matter and for Who?
Authors: van der Marel Erik 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDid trade patterns in services change into activities that were more digital-intense after the Global Financial Crisis (GFC) of 2008, and was this shift structural? This paper uses a Difference-in-Difference (DID) approach to investigate whether services trade became more digital-based after the GFC in 2008. It finds support that the GFC formed a break from the previous period that caused services trade to become more digital – although there are signs that this had already started before 2008. Countries with high internet usage and a comparative advantage in digital-intense services, such as R&D, information exchange, computer services, and charges for Intellectual Property Rights (IPR), on average saw post-GFC a 6% increase in global exports compared to other non-digital sectors. More striking is that upper-middle income countries and countries with medium levels of skills also witnessed a sharp increase. These significant outcomes may indicate the direction into which patterns of services trade are likely to turn after the current economic crisis resulting from COVID-19.
MYT1L in the making: emerging insights on functions of a neurodevelopmental disorder gene
Authors: Chen Jiayang , Yen Allen , Florian Colin P. , Dougherty Joseph D. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractLarge scale human genetic studies have shown that loss of function (LoF) mutations in MYT1L are implicated in neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs). Here, we provide an overview of the growing number of published MYT1L patient cases, and summarize prior studies in cells, zebrafish, and mice, both to understand MYT1L’s molecular and cellular role during brain development and consider how its dysfunction can lead to NDDs. We integrate the conclusions from these studies and highlight conflicting findings to reassess the current model of the role of MYT1L as a transcriptional activator and/or repressor based on the biological context. Finally, we highlight additional functional studies that are needed to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying pathophysiology and propose key questions to guide future preclinical studies.
Mitotic SENP3 activation couples with cGAS signaling in tumor cells to stimulate anti-tumor immunity
Authors: Hu Gaolei , Chen Yalan , Yang Xinyu , Wang Yang , He Jianli , Wang Tianshi , Fan Qiuju , Deng Liufu , Tu Jun , Tan Hongsheng , Cheng Jinke 
Published: July 2022

AbstractOur previous studies show that the mitotic phosphorylation of SUMO-specific protease 3 (SENP3) can inhibit its de-SUMOylation activity in G2/M phase of the cell cycle. Inhibition of SENP3 plays a critical role in the correct separation of sister chromatids in mitosis. The mutation of mitotic SENP3 phosphorylation causes chromosome instability and promotes tumorigenesis. In this study, we find that the mutation of mitotic SENP3 phosphorylation in tumor cells can suppress tumor growth in immune-competent mouse model. We further detect an increase of CD8+ T cell infiltration in the tumors, which is essential for the anti-tumor effect in immune-competent mouse model. Moreover, we find that mitotic SENP3 activation increases micronuclei formation, which can activate cGAS signaling-dependent innate immune response. We confirmed that cGAS signaling mediates the mitotic SENP3 activation-induced anti-tumor immunity. We further show that p53 responding to DNA damage activates mitotic SENP3 by inhibiting phosphorylation, and further increases cellular senescence as well as the related innate immune response in tumor cells. Furthermore, TCGA database demonstrates that the SENP3 expression positively correlates with the induction of innate immune response as well as the survival of the p53 mutant pancreatic cancer patients. Together, these data reveal that mitotic SENP3 activation in tumor cells can promote host anti-tumor immune response by coupling with cGAS signaling.
Regulated necrosis, a proinflammatory cell death, potentially counteracts pathogenic infections
Authors: Zhang Guangzhi , Wang Jinyong , Zhao Zhanran , Xin Ting , Fan Xuezheng , Shen Qingchun , Raheem Abdul , Lee Chae Rhim , Jiang Hui , Ding Jiabo 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSince the discovery of cell apoptosis, other gene-regulated cell deaths are gradually appreciated, including pyroptosis, ferroptosis, and necroptosis. Necroptosis is, so far, one of the best-characterized regulated necrosis. In response to diverse stimuli (death receptor or toll-like receptor stimulation, pathogenic infection, or other factors), necroptosis is initiated and precisely regulated by the receptor-interacting protein kinase 3 (RIPK3) with the involvement of its partners (RIPK1, TRIF, DAI, or others), ultimately leading to the activation of its downstream substrate, mixed lineage kinase domain-like (MLKL). Necroptosis plays a significant role in the host’s defense against pathogenic infections. Although much has been recognized regarding modulatory mechanisms of necroptosis during pathogenic infection, the exact role of necroptosis at different stages of infectious diseases is still being unveiled, e.g., how and when pathogens utilize or evade necroptosis to facilitate their invasion and how hosts manipulate necroptosis to counteract these detrimental effects brought by pathogenic infections and further eliminate the encroaching pathogens. In this review, we summarize and discuss the recent progress in the role of necroptosis during a series of viral, bacterial, and parasitic infections with zoonotic potentials, aiming to provide references and directions for the prevention and control of infectious diseases of both human and animals.
Accumulation of oncometabolite D-2-Hydroxyglutarate by SLC25A1 inhibition: A metabolic strategy for induction of HR-ness and radiosensitivity
Authors: Xiang Kexu , Kalthoff Christian , Münch Corinna , Jendrossek Verena , Matschke Johann 
Published: July 2022

AbstractOncogenic mutations in metabolic genes and associated oncometabolite accumulation support cancer progression but can also restrict cellular functions needed to cope with DNA damage. For example, gain-of-function mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) and the resulting accumulation of the oncometabolite D-2-hydroxyglutarate (D-2-HG) enhanced the sensitivity of cancer cells to inhibition of poly(ADP-ribose)-polymerase (PARP)1 and radiotherapy (RT). In our hand, inhibition of the mitochondrial citrate transport protein (SLC25A1) enhanced radiosensitivity of cancer cells and this was associated with increased levels of D-2-HG and a delayed repair of radiation-induced DNA damage. Here we aimed to explore the suggested contribution of D-2-HG-accumulation to disturbance of DNA repair, presumably homologous recombination (HR) repair, and enhanced radiosensitivity of cancer cells with impaired SLC25A1 function. Genetic and pharmacologic inhibition of SLC25A1 (SLC25A1i) increased D-2-HG-levels and sensitized lung cancer and glioblastoma cells to the cytotoxic action of ionizing radiation (IR). SLC25A1i-mediated radiosensitization was abrogated in MEFs with a HR-defect. D-2-HG-accumulation was associated with increased DNA damage and delayed resolution of IR-induced γH2AX and Rad51 foci. Combining SLC25A1i with PARP- or the catalytic subunit of DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PKcs)-inhibitors further potentiated IR-induced DNA damage, delayed DNA repair kinetics resulting in radiosensitization of cancer cells. Importantly, proof of concept experiments revealed that combining SLC25A1i with IR without and with PARPi also reduced tumor growth in the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model in vivo. Thereby SLC25A1i offers an innovative strategy for metabolic induction of context-dependent lethality approaches in combination with RT and clinically relevant inhibitors of complementary DNA repair pathways.
RBCK1 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis and growth by stabilizing RNF31
Authors: Chen Xijun , Ye Qing , Zhao Wenxiu , Chi Xiaoqin , Xie Chengrong , Wang Xiaomin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractRNF31 (HOIP), RBCK1 (HOIL-1L), and SHARPIN are subunits of the linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex. Their function and specific molecular mechanisms in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have not been reported previously. Here, we investigated the role of RNF31 and RBCK1 in HCC. We showed that RNF31 and RBCK1 were overexpressed in HCC and that upregulation of RNF31 and RBCK1 indicated poor clinical outcomes in patients with HCC. RNF31 overexpression was significantly associated with more satellite foci and vascular invasion in patients with HCC. Additionally, RBCK1 expression correlated positively with RNF31 expression in HCC tissues. Functionally, RBCK1 and RNF31 promote the metastasis and growth of HCC cells. Moreover, the RNF31 inhibitor gliotoxin inhibited the malignant behavior of HCC cells. Mechanistically, RBCK1 interacted with RNF31 and repressed its ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. In summary, the present study revealed an oncogenic role and regulatory relationship between RBCK1 and RNF31 in facilitating proliferation and metastasis in HCC, suggesting that they are potential prognostic markers and therapeutic targets for HCC.
Development of plasmonic thin-layer chromatography for size-selective and optical-property-dependent separation of quantum dots
Authors: Torimoto Tsukasa , Yamaguchi Naoko , Maeda Yui , Akiyoshi Kazutaka , Kameyama Tatsuya , Nagai Tatsuya , Shoji Tatsuya , Yamane Hidemasa , Ishihara Hajime , Tsuboi Yasuyuki 
Published: July 2022

AbstractNano-objects, such as quantum dots (QDs), are essential units for the construction of functional materials and devices in current technologies. The establishment of a versatile scheme to sort desired components from a crude product is crucial for bringing out the full potential of the original materials. However, it is still challenging to separate QDs with the same composition on the basis of size and to sort QDs with the same size but different optical properties. Here, we demonstrate such sorting for the first time by combining plasmonic optical trapping with thin-layer chromatography (TLC), which is a widely used tool. LED photoexcitation of the localized surface plasmon resonance of Au nanoparticles immobilized on a TLC plate affected the distance QDs traveled depending on the wavelength and intensity of irradiated light, which led to clear separation according to the size and/or optical properties of the QDs. Since optical property-based separation cannot be achieved by conventional chromatography, in which the interactions between stationary phases of chromatographs and QDs are simply based on differences in the size or surface functionality of the QDs, the present strategy will be a key solution for the establishment of a versatile scheme for sorting nano-objects.
A critical role of the mechanosensor PIEZO1 in glucose-induced insulin secretion in pancreatic β-cells
Authors: Ye Yingying , Barghouth Mohammad , Dou Haiqiang , Luan Cheng , Wang Yongzhi , Karagiannopoulos Alexandros , Jiang Xiaoping , Krus Ulrika , Fex Malin , Zhang Quan , Eliasson Lena , Rorsman Patrik , Zhang Enming , Renström Erik 
Published: July 2022

AbstractGlucose-induced insulin secretion depends on β-cell electrical activity. Inhibition of ATP-regulated potassium (KATP) channels is a key event in this process. However, KATP channel closure alone is not sufficient to induce β-cell electrical activity; activation of a depolarizing membrane current is also required. Here we examine the role of the mechanosensor ion channel PIEZO1 in this process. Yoda1, a specific PIEZO1 agonist, activates a small membrane current and thereby triggers β-cell electrical activity with resultant stimulation of Ca2+-influx and insulin secretion. Conversely, the PIEZO1 antagonist GsMTx4 reduces glucose-induced Ca2+-signaling, electrical activity and insulin secretion. Yet, PIEZO1 expression is elevated in islets from human donors with type-2 diabetes (T2D) and a rodent T2D model (db/db mouse), in which insulin secretion is reduced. This paradox is resolved by our finding that PIEZO1 translocates from the plasmalemma into the nucleus (where it cannot influence the membrane potential of the β-cell) under experimental conditions emulating T2D (high glucose culture). β-cell-specific Piezo1-knockout mice show impaired glucose tolerance in vivo and reduced glucose-induced insulin secretion, β-cell electrical activity and Ca2+ elevation in vitro. These results implicate mechanotransduction and activation of PIEZO1, via intracellular accumulation of glucose metabolites, as an important physiological regulator of insulin secretion.
Probing the mesoscopic size limit of quantum anomalous Hall insulators
Authors: Deng Peng , Eckberg Christopher , Zhang Peng , Qiu Gang , Emmanouilidou Eve , Yin Gen , Chong Su Kong , Tai Lixuan , Ni Ni , Wang Kang L. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe inelastic scattering length (Ls) is a length scale of fundamental importance in condensed matters due to the relationship between inelastic scattering and quantum dephasing. In quantum anomalous Hall (QAH) materials, the mesoscopic length scale Ls plays an instrumental role in determining transport properties. Here we examine Ls in three regimes of the QAH system with distinct transport behaviors: the QAH, quantum critical, and insulating regimes. Although the resistance changes by five orders of magnitude when tuning between these distinct electronic phases, scaling analyses indicate a universal Ls among all regimes. Finally, mesoscopic scaled devices with sizes on the order of Ls were fabricated, enabling the direct detection of the value of Ls in QAH samples. Our results unveil the fundamental length scale that governs the transport behavior of QAH materials.
Intratumor graph neural network recovers hidden prognostic value of multi-biomarker spatial heterogeneity
Authors: Qiu Lida , Kang Deyong , Wang Chuan , Guo Wenhui , Fu Fangmeng , Wu Qingxiang , Xi Gangqin , He Jiajia , Zheng Liqin , Zhang Qingyuan , Liao Xiaoxia , Li Lianhuang , Chen Jianxin , Tu Haohua 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBiomarkers are indispensable for precision medicine. However, focused single-biomarker development using human tissue has been complicated by sample spatial heterogeneity. To address this challenge, we tested a representation of primary tumor that synergistically integrated multiple in situ biomarkers of extracellular matrix from multiple sampling regions into an intratumor graph neural network. Surprisingly, the differential prognostic value of this computational model over its conventional non-graph counterpart approximated that of combined routine prognostic biomarkers (tumor size, nodal status, histologic grade, molecular subtype, etc.) for 995 breast cancer patients under a retrospective study. This large prognostic value, originated from implicit but interpretable regional interactions among the graphically integrated in situ biomarkers, would otherwise be lost if they were separately developed into single conventional (spatially homogenized) biomarkers. Our study demonstrates an alternative route to cancer prognosis by taping the regional interactions among existing biomarkers rather than developing novel biomarkers.
TDP1-independent pathways in the process and repair of TOP1-induced DNA damage
Authors: Zhang Huimin , Xiong Yun , Su Dan , Wang Chao , Srivastava Mrinal , Tang Mengfan , Feng Xu , Huang Min , Chen Zhen , Chen Junjie 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAnticancer drugs, such as camptothecin (CPT), trap topoisomerase I (TOP1) on DNA and form TOP1 cleavage complexes (TOP1cc). Alternative repair pathways have been suggested in the repair of TOP1cc. However, how these pathways work with TDP1, a key repair enzyme that specifically hydrolyze the covalent bond between TOP1 catalytic tyrosine and the 3’-end of DNA and contribute to the repair of TOP1cc is poorly understood. Here, using unbiased whole-genome CRISPR screens and generation of co-deficient cells with TDP1 and other genes, we demonstrate that MUS81 is an important factor that mediates the generation of excess double-strand breaks (DSBs) in TDP1 KO cells. APEX1/2 are synthetic lethal with TDP1. However, deficiency of APEX1/2 does not reduce DSB formation in TDP1 KO cells. Together, our data suggest that TOP1cc can be either resolved directly by TDP1 or be converted into DSBs and repaired further by the Homologous Recombination (HR) pathway.
Development of a novel core genome MLST scheme for tracing multidrug resistant Staphylococcus capitis
Authors: Wang Zhengan , Gu Chao , Sun Lu , Zhao Feng , Fu Ying , Di Lingfang , Zhang Junxiong , Zhuang Hemu , Jiang Shengnan , Wang Haiping , Zhu Feiteng , Chen Yiyi , Chen Mengzhen , Ling Xia , Chen Yan , Yu Yunsong 
Published: July 2022

AbstractStaphylococcus capitis, which causes bloodstream infections in neonatal intensive care units, is a common cause of healthcare-associated infections. Thus, a standardized high-resolution typing method to document the transmission and dissemination of multidrug-resistantS. capitisisolates is required. We aimed to establish a core genome multilocus sequence typing (cgMLST) scheme to surveilS. capitis. The cgMLST scheme was defined based on primary and validation genome sets and tested with outbreaks of linezolid-resistant isolates and a validation set. Phylogenetic analysis was performed to investigate the population structure and compare it with the result of cgMLST analysis. TheS. capitispopulation consists of 1 dominant, NRCS-A, and 4 less common clones. In this work, a multidrug-resistant clone (L clone) with linezolid resistance is identified. With the features of type III SCCmecand multiple copies of mutations of G2576T and C2104T in the 23S rRNA, the L clone has been spreading silently across China.