bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is sex a predictor for delayed cerebral ischaemia (DCI) and hydrocephalus after aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (aSAH)? A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Rehman Sabah , Phan Hoang T. , Chandra Ronil V. , Gall Seana 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Objectives
DCI and hydrocephalus are the most common complications that predict poor outcomes after aSAH. The relationship between sex, DCI and hydrocephalus are not well established; thus, we aimed to examine sex differences in DCI and hydrocephalus following aSAH in a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods
A systematic search was conducted using the PubMed, Scopus and Medline databases from inception to August 2022 to identify cohort, case control, case series and clinical studies reporting sex and DCI, acute and chronic shunt-dependent hydrocephalus (SDHC). Random-effects meta-analysis was used to pool estimates for available studies.

Results
There were 56 studies with crude estimates for DCI and meta-analysis showed that women had a greater risk for DCI than men (OR 1.24, 95% CI 1.11–1.39). The meta-analysis for adjusted estimates for 9 studies also showed an association between sex and DCI (OR 1.61, 95% CI 1.27–2.05). For acute hydrocephalus, only 9 studies were included, and meta-analysis of unadjusted estimates showed no association with sex (OR 0.95, 95%CI 0.78–1.16). For SDHC, a meta-analysis of crude estimates from 53 studies showed that women had a somewhat greater risk of developing chronic hydrocephalus compared to men (OR 1.14, 95% CI 0.99–1.31). In meta-analysis for adjusted estimates from 5 studies, no association of sex with SDHC was observed (OR 0.87, 95% CI 0.57–1.33).

Conclusions
Female sex is associated with the development of DCI; however, an association between sex and hydrocephalus was not detected. Strategies to target females to reduce the development of DCI may decrease overall morbidity and mortality after aSAH.
Therapeutically induced EEG burst-suppression pattern to treat refractory status epilepticus—what is the evidence?
Authors: Fisch Urs , Jünger Anja L. , Hert Lisa , Rüegg Stephan , Sutter Raoul 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCurrent guidelines advocate to treat refractory status epilepticus (RSE) with continuously administered anesthetics to induce an artificial coma if first- and second-line antiseizure drugs have failed to stop seizure activity. A common surrogate for monitoring the depth of the artificial coma is the appearance of a burst-suppression pattern (BS) in the EEG. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the origin and neurophysiology of the BS phenomenon as well as the evidence from the literature for the presumed benefit of BS as therapy in adult patients with RSE.
A novel physics-informed framework for reconstruction of structural defects
Authors: Li Qi , Liu Fushun , Wang Bin , Liu D. Z. , Qian Zhenghua 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe ultrasonic guided wave technology plays a significant role in the field of non-destructive testing as it employs acoustic waves with the advantages of high propagation efficiency and low energy consumption during the inspect process. However, the theoretical solutions to guided wave scattering problems with assumptions such as the Born approximation have led to the poor quality of the reconstructed results. Besides, the scattering signals collected from industry sectors are often noised and nonstationary. To address these issues, a novel physics-informed framework (PIF) for the quantitative reconstruction of defects by means of the integration of the data-driven method with the guided wave scattering analysis is proposed in this paper. Based on the geometrical information of defects and initial results obtained by the PIF-based analysis of defect reconstructions, a deep-learning neural network model is built to reveal the physical relationship between the defects and the noisy detection signals. This learning model is then adopted to assess and characterize the defect profiles in structures, improve the accuracy of the analytical model, and eliminate the impact of the noise pollution in the process of inspection. To demonstrate the advantages of the developed PIF for the complex defect reconstructions with the capability of denoising, several numerical examples are carried out. The results show that the PIF has greater accuracy for the reconstruction of defects in the structures than the analytical method, and provides a valuable insight into the development of artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted inspection systems with high accuracy and efficiency in the fields of structural integrity and condition monitoring.
Investigation on two-phase flow-induced vibrations of a piping structure with an elbow
Authors: Su Heng , Qu Yegao , Wang Guoxu , Peng Zhike 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe dynamic behaviors of a horizontal piping structure with an elbow due to the two-phase flow excitation are experimentally investigated. The effects of flow patterns and superficial velocities on the pressure pulsations and vibration responses are evaluated in detail. A strong partition coupling algorithm is used to calculate the flow-induced vibration (FIV) responses of the pipe, and the theoretical values agree well with the experimental results. It is found that the lateral and axial vibration responses of the bend pipe are related to the momentum flux of the two-phase flow, and the vibration amplitudes of the pipe increase with an increase in the liquid mass flux. The vertical vibration responses are strongly affected by the flow pattern, and the maximum response occurs in the transition region from the slug flow to the bubbly flow. Moreover, the standard deviation (STD) amplitudes of the pipe vibration in three directions increase with an increase in the gas flux for both the slug and bubbly flows. The blockage of liquid slugs at the elbow section is found to strengthen the vibration amplitude of the bend pipe, and the water-blocking phenomenon disappears as the superficial gas velocity increases.
Serious games for health promotion in adolescents – a systematic scoping review
Authors: Andrew Lesley , Barwood Donna , Boston Julie , Masek Martin , Bloomfield Lauren , Devine Amanda 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Digital gaming has broad appeal globally, with a reported 2.7 billion gamers worldwide. There is significant interest in using games to enhance learning, with ‘serious games’ being included in classrooms to engage adolescents’ learning across a range of domains. A systematic scoping review of serious games used for health promotion with adolescents was conducted to identify serious games, review the methods used to evaluate these games, and outline evidence available to support the efficacy of these games in improving knowledge, beliefs/attitudes and behaviours in the target groups. Player engagement/enjoyment was reported if assessed. A total of 21 studies were found to have met the inclusion criteria domains: ‘healthy lifestyle’ ‘sexual health’ and ‘substance use’. A heterogenous approach across studies to game design and development, duration of game play, use of a control group and measurement of outcome(s) was observed. Game efficacy was difficult to assess due to broad generalisations and lack of consistent evaluation methods. Several studies demonstrate serious games can be engaging and pedagogically effective as a learning device and behaviour-change agent. Several studies, however, had less rigorous evaluation and lacked longer-term follow up. The ability for developers to demonstrate positive short- and long-term impacts of serious games with high-quality evidence is essential to the ongoing acceptance and use of these serious games as part of the school curriculum.
Using ontogenetic resistance of grapevine for fungicide reduction strategies
Authors: Bleyer Karl , Bleyer Gottfried , Schumacher Stefan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractResistance of grapevine against powdery mildew (Erysiphe necator) and downy mildew (Plasmopara viticola) increases during ontogenetic development of leaves and berries. The aim of this study was to determine whether the use of fungicides against both pathogens could be reduced during the last treatment before harvest (LTBH) by treating only the susceptible leaves of the vines in the upper half of the canopy. For this purpose, field trials were carried out under experimental or practical conditions in vineyards in southern Germany in eight different years. All plants were sprayed after a standard regimen until LTBH, performed at BBCH 77–79. LTBH was either performed on the whole canopy or limited to the upper half of the canopy excluding the fruit zone. For both pathogens, no differences were observed between the two treatments with regard to the disease severity on the grape clusters. Only in one out of eight years, an increased fruit disease incidence could be observed. As far as the disease severity of leaves is concerned, no differences were observed for downy mildew, and in the case of powdery mildew, significantly higher infestation was observed only in two out of eight years. Furthermore, the efficacy of different fungicides for LTBH was investigated in a 3-year experiment. Sole use of a copper fungicide for LTBH had no disadvantages against E. necator, compared to a treatment with synthetic fungicides. Taken together, LTBH at BBCH 77–79 can be limited to the upper canopy without risk to the health of the fruit.
Near-surface Site Characterization Based on Joint Iterative Analysis of First-arrival and Surface-wave Data
Authors: Wang Zhinong , Sun Chengyu , Wu Dunshi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractNear-surface site characterization is of great significance in the fields of geotechnical engineering and resource exploration. In this paper, we propose a near-surface site characterization method based on the joint iterative analysis of first-arrival and surface-wave data (JIAFS). The proposed method combines the advantages of first-arrival traveltime tomography (FATT) and multichannel analysis of surface waves (MASW). First, the 1D S-wave velocity ($$v_{{\text{S}}}$$vS) models obtained by MASW are interpolated to construct the pseudo-2D$$v_{{\text{S}}}$$vSmodel. According to the available geological survey information and borehole data, the initial Poisson’s ratio ($$\sigma$$σ) model is estimated. Based on the estimated$$\sigma$$σmodel, the pseudo-2D$$v_{{\text{S}}}$$vSmodel is converted to a referenced P-wave velocity ($$v_{{\text{P}}}$$vP) model which is utilized to constrain the progress of FATT. This helps FATT overcome the inherent defect that it cannot effectively identify velocity-inversion interfaces and low-velocity zones. On the other hand, the$$v_{{\text{P}}}$$vPmodel obtained by FATT can provide a favorable priori information to improve the reliability of the results of MASW. Then, the$$v_{{\text{P}}}$$vPand$$v_{{\text{S}}}$$vSmodels obtained by constrained FATT and MASW are used to update the$$\sigma$$σmodel. In addition, the$$v_{{\text{P}}}$$vPand$$v_{{\text{S}}}$$vSmodels are also used as initial models in the next iterative analysis. Finally, through the iteration of this process, the two inversion methods can make use of their own advantages to improve each other, so we can establish accurate near-surface$$v_{{\text{P}}}$$vP,$$v_{{\text{S}}}$$vSand$$\sigma$$σmodels under complex geological conditions. A velocity model including low-velocity zone is established for synthetic model test to analyze and verify the advantage of JIAFS. The$$v_{{\text{P}}}$$vP,$$v_{{\text{S}}}$$vSand$$\sigma$$σmodels obtained by JIAFS can accurately identify the low-velocity zone and match the true models well. In addition, the proposed method is applied to the field seismic data acquired for oil and gas exploration in Northwest China. Compared with the results of individual inversions and borehole data, JIAFS can establish more reliable 3D$$v_{{\text{P}}}$$vP,$$v_{{\text{S}}}$$vSand$$\sigma$$σmodels by interpolating the 2D inversion results, which reveals further details and enhances the geological interpretation significantly.
Everyday Conflict in Families at Risk for Violence Exposure: Examining Unique, Bidirectional Associations with Children’s Anxious- and Withdrawn-Depressed Symptoms
Authors: Morelli Nicholas M. , Hong Kajung , Garcia Jackelyne , Elzie Xavier , Alvarez Andrew , Villodas Miguel T. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractExposure to family conflict during childhood increases risk for the development of anxiety and mood problems, though the potential for bidirectionality in this association remains unknown. It is also unclear whether nonviolent family conflict is related to children’s anxious- and withdrawn-depressive symptoms within high-risk family contexts, independent of more severe events such as children’s exposure to violent victimization. Participants included 1,281 children and their caregivers identified as being at high risk for family violence, interviewed prospectively at ages 6, 8, and 10 about family conflict, children’s anxious- and withdrawn-depressive behaviors, and children’s victimization experiences. After controlling for cumulative victimization prior to and between each time point, significant cross-lagged, bidirectional associations were identified between family conflict and children’s anxious- and withdrawn-depressive symptoms across ages 6 and 8, but not across ages 8 and 10. Invariance testing revealed no differences in model fit between boys and girls and minimal differences depending on whether families were reported for maltreatment prior to recruitment. Findings are partially supportive of a conceptualization of the family-child relationship that is reciprocal, while highlighting the role of daily negative familial interactions, over and above experiences of victimization, in predicting anxious- and withdrawn-depressed symptoms in early and middle childhood.
Experimental investigation and numerical modeling of oxidative pyrolysis mechanism of mining PVC cable sheath
Authors: Zhao Jinlong , Ma Hanchao , Huang Hong , Zhang Jianping , Chen Youliang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCables modified with flame retardants are widely used in the coal mining process to enhance their fire safety performance. This paper investigates experimentally and numerically the thermo-oxidative degradation process of PVC-based mining cable sheath, which consists of PVC resin and plasticizers (Phthalate esters), fillers (Calcium carbonate), and flame retardant (Antimony trioxide) as additives. Thermogravimetry coupled with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (TG-FTIR) experiments were performed at different heating rates in an air atmosphere. TG results showed that the decomposition processes of mining PVC cable sheath are more complicated than those of pure PVC with additional degradation steps, which was further confirmed by FTIR gas analysis. A deconvolution method was used to distinguish the independent reactions from the overlapped derivative thermogravimetric (DTG) peaks. It was found that the whole degradation process can be divided into seven steps, based on which an oxidative pyrolysis model was developed: pyrolysis of plasticizers (steps 1 and 2), dehydrogenation (step 3), emission and combustion of volatile fraction (step 4), carbon combustion (step 5), oxidative pyrolysis of complicated additives (step 6), and decomposition of residues (step 7). The kinetic triplets (activation energy, pre-exponential factor, and reaction model function) for each reaction were firstly calculated using three commonly used model-free methods and then further optimized using the genetic algorithm (GA). Based on the optimized parameters, the reaction mechanisms and their associated kinetic parameters were determined. The findings of this study are important in understanding the oxidative pyrolysis process of PVC cable sheath, and the obtained kinetic parameters can also be used for its pyrolysis and fire modeling, waste recycling, and risk assessment.
On the $$L^1$$ and pointwise divergence of continuous functions
Authors: Gryszka Karol , Pasteczka Paweł 
Published: November 2022

AbstractFor a sequence of continuous functions $$f_1,f_2,\ldots :I \rightarrow \mathbb {R}$$

f
1

,

f
2

,
…
:
I
→
R

(I is a fixed closed interval) with $$f_1\le f_2 \le \cdots $$

f
1

≤

f
2

≤
⋯

define a set $$\begin{aligned} I_f:=\big \{x \in I : \lim _{n \rightarrow \infty } f_n(x)=+\infty \big \}. \end{aligned}$$

I
f

:
=

{

x
∈
I
:

lim

n
→
∞

f
n

(
x
)

=
+
∞

}

.

We study the properties of the family of all admissible $$I_f$$

I
f

-s and the family of all admissible $$I_f$$

I
f

-s under the additional assumption $$\begin{aligned} \lim _{n \rightarrow \infty } \int _x^y f_n(t)\,dt=+\infty \quad \text { for all }x,y \in I\text { with }x<y. \end{aligned}$$

lim

n
→
∞

∫
x
y

f
n

(
t
)

d
t
=
+
∞

for all

x
,
y
∈
I

with

x
<
y
.

The origin of this problem is the limit behaviour of quasiarithmetic means.
Landscape -scale predictors of persistence of an urban stock dove Columba oenas population
Authors: Richardson James , Lees Alexander C. , Marsden Stuart 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWhile a few species may thrive in urban areas, urban expansion is a major driver of biodiversity loss. Columbids such as feral Rock Doves (Columba livia domestica) and Common Woodpigeon (Columba palumbus) have adapted extremely well to the urban environment in Europe and beyond, but the Stock Dove (Columba oenas), a bird of farmland and woodland edge in the UK and of national conservation concern, is encountered infrequently in urban areas. Here we explore the multi-scale landscape associations of the little-studied Stock Dove within the urban matrix of Greater Manchester, UK, in order to identify its habitat requirements. We built a pilot model from historical citizen science records to identify potentially occupied sites within the city, and then surveyed these sites for Stock Dove during Spring 2019. We combined the survey results with citizen science records from the same period and described the habitat and landscape characteristics of sites occupied by Stock Dove using four variables at different scales plus twelve unscaled variables. We used a three-stage random forest approach to identify a subset of these variables for interpretation and a subset for prediction for the presence of Stock Dove within these sites. Key variables for predicting Stock Dove presence were their relative abundance in the landscape immediately beyond the core urban area, the greenness (NDVI) of the environment around sites, and the canopy cover of individual trees over 20 m high within sites. Stock Doves tended to be associated with habitats with more surface water during the non-breeding season than the breeding season. Our results highlight the importance of large trees within urban greenspace for this cavity-nesting species, softer boundaries around urban sites for Stock Doves and stock dove presence in nearby areas. While Stock Dove share many traits with species that are successful in the urban environment, they remain relatively poor urban adapters.
Prognostic value of serum levels of multiple adhesion factors in patients with sepsis-induced acute kidney injury
Authors: Li Yan , Huang Qingsheng , Fang Mingxing , Liu Mengyao , Guo Jianying , Wang Zhiyong 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is common in patients with sepsis and septic shock. Urine output and serum creatinine (SCr) levels are the criteria for diagnosing AKI. However, the application of these levels in the diagnosis of AKI has limitations.

Objective
To detect the expression of various adhesion factors in different stages of AKI as defined by Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) and to analyse their relationship with the prognosis of patients with sepsis-induced AKI (S-AKI).

Methods
Adult patients with sepsis who were admitted to the hospital between June 2019 and May 2020 were included. Of 90 adult patients with sepsis, 58 had S-AKI. Sixty-seven subjects without sepsis were used as controls. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits were used to measure E-selectin (CD62E), L-selectin (CD62L), P-selectin, intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1), and their relationship with the prognosis of patients with S-AKI patients was analysed. Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to analyse the predictive value of different adhesion factors on renal resistance index and renal function recovery. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with renal recovery.

Results
The expression of CD62L was significantly higher in S-AKI patients than in non-AKI patients with sepsis. Compared with the non-AKI group, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment scores were significantly higher in the AKI group than in the non-AKI group (P < 0.05). Mean blood pressure, SCr levels and procalcitonin levels were higher in the AKI group than in the non-AKI group (P < 0.05 for all). The CD62L levels decreased with increasing S-AKI stage. The CD62E levels were highest in S-AKI stage 2, and the VCAM-1 levels were highest in S-AKI stage 3. All patients with S-AKI were followed up with for 28 days. The results found that VCAM-1 was the best predictor of renal recovery in patients with S-AKI.

Conclusion
CD62L is an indicator of S-AKI stage1, and CD62E is an indicator of S-AKI stage 2. In addition, VCAM-I demonstrated satisfactory performance in predicting early recovery of renal function in patients with S-AKI.
Video Polyp Segmentation: A Deep Learning Perspective
Authors: Ji Ge-Peng , Xiao Guobao , Chou Yu-Cheng , Fan Deng-Ping , Zhao Kai , Chen Geng , Van Gool Luc 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe present the first comprehensive video polyp segmentation (VPS) study in the deep learning era. Over the years, developments in VPS are not moving forward with ease due to the lack of a large-scale dataset with fine-grained segmentation annotations. To address this issue, we first introduce a high-quality frame-by-frame annotated VPS dataset, named SUN-SEG, which contains 158 690 colonoscopy video frames from the well-known SUN-database. We provide additional annotation covering diverse types, i.e., attribute, object mask, boundary, scribble, and polygon. Second, we design a simple but efficient baseline, named PNS+, which consists of a global encoder, a local encoder, and normalized self-attention (NS) blocks. The global and local encoders receive an anchor frame and multiple successive frames to extract long-term and short-term spatial-temporal representations, which are then progressively refined by two NS blocks. Extensive experiments show that PNS+ achieves the best performance and real-time inference speed (170 fps), making it a promising solution for the VPS task. Third, we extensively evaluate 13 representative polyp/object segmentation models on our SUN-SEG dataset and provide attribute-based comparisons. Finally, we discuss several open issues and suggest possible research directions for the VPS community. Our project and dataset are publicly available at https://github.com/GewelsJI/VPS.