bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization of the Primary Antibody Response to Plasmodium falciparum Antigens in Infants Living in a Malaria-Endemic Area
Authors: Yunga Samuel Tassi , Siriwardhana Chathura , Fouda Genevieve G. , Bobbili Naveen , Sama Grace , Chen John J. , Leke Rose F.G. , Taylor Diane Wallace 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: The primary antibody (Ab) response to Plasmodium falciparum is a critical step in developing immunity to malaria. Information on the initial Ab responses of babies in malaria-endemic areas is incomplete, in part, because babies receive maternal IgG via transplacental-transfer and usually become infected before maternal IgG wanes. The study aimed toidentify the primary IgM and IgG Ab responses to malarial antigens in Cameroonian babies. Methods: Infants (n=70) living in a high malaria transmission area were followed from birth throughout the first year of life (mean 341 ± 42 days, an average of 8.5 time points per infant). Malaria infection was assessed by microscopy and PCR, and IgM and IgG antibodies (Abs) were measured using a multiplex immunoassay to AMA1, EBA-175, MSP1-42, MSP2, MSP3, RESA, LSA1, and CSP. Results: The half-life of maternal IgG varied among the antigens, ranging from 0.7 to 2.5 months. The first infection of 41% of the babies was submicroscopic and only 11% to 44% of the babies produced IgM to the above antigens; however, when the first infection was detected by microscopy, 59-82% of the infants made IgM Abs to the antigens. Infants were able to produce IgM even when maternal IgG was present, suggesting maternal Abs did not suppress the baby’s initial Ab response. Using longitudinal regression models that incorporated time-varying covariates, infants were found to produce IgG Ab to only AMA-1 when the first infection was submicroscopic, but they produced IgG Abs to MSP1-42 (3D7, FVO), AMA1 (3D7, FVO) MSP2-FC27, MSP3, RESA, and LSA1, but not MSP 2-3D7, EBA-175, and CSP during their first slide-positive infection. Notably, the primary and secondary IgG responses were short-lived with little evidence of boosting. Conclusions: The primary Ab response of babies who had maternal IgG was similar to that reported for primary infections in malaria-naïve adults.
Effect of Non-Biocide Chemical and Thermal Modifications on Stability and Durability of Short Rotation Teak Wood from Plantation
Authors: Basri Efrida , Hanif Nisrina , Martha Resa , Rahayu Istie S. , Darmawan Wayan , Gérardin Philippe 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Short rotation teak from plantation has been around 30 cm in diameter at the age of 15 years, however the wood is low quality especially in dimensional stability and durability. The short rotation teak wood was treated by non-biocide chemicals of Citric Acid (CA) and Benzophenone Tetracarboxylic Acid (BPTCA). The objective of this study was to improve dimensional stability and durability of the short rotation teak by modification treatment of Citric Acid and Benzophenone Tetracarboxylic Acid. Short rotation teak sapwood was impregnated by 20% and 40% of both CA and BPTCA followed by heated in oven at 150 °C (HT150oC) for 2 h. Dimensional stability was characterized by anti-swelling efficiency (ASE), water uptake (WU), and termite durability was determined by weight loss (WL) and percentage of damage of the wood samples. The results show that the ASE values increased in the average of 46% and 50% after CA and BPTCA treatments, respectively. The WU values decreased in the average of 34% and 22% after CA and BPTCA treatments, respectively. These phenomena indicated a remarkable improvement in dimensional stability of the treated teak wood. Weight losses of treated teak woods due to termites were in the average of 1.0% and 1.5% after CA and BPTCA treatments, respectively, which categorized their durability to be class 1 (very durable). The results showed by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) indicate that chemical reaction of wood lignin with CA and BPTCA chemicals was occurred. The non-biocide CA and BPTCA treatment can be applied for improving the quality of short rotation teaks for high quality wood product utilization.
A cohort study of intrapartum group B streptococcus prophylaxis on atopic dermatitis in 2-year-old children
Authors: Hong Zhang , Jing Ren , Hui Li , Kang Xu , Chunmei Zhang , Yang Wang , Baojian Zhou , Xin Ding , Xiaoping Yin 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Objective
To understand the occurrence of atopic dermatitis (AD) in children aged 2 years on exposure to maternal group B streptococcus (GBS) antibiotic prophylaxis (IAP).
Design
Retrospective cohort study of 2909 mother-child pairs.
Setting
Taixing People's Hospital in Eastern China.
Participants
Term infants born 2018–2019, followed longitudinally from birth to 2 years.
Exposures
The GBS-IAP was defined as therapy with intravenous penicillin G or ampicillin or cefazolin ≥ 4 hours from delivery. Reference infants were defined as born with intrapartum antibiotic exposure via cesarean sections.
Outcomes
The logistic regression models were employed to analyze the effect of intrapartum GBS prophylaxis on AD in 2-year-old children during delivery. Analysis was a priori stratified according to the mode of delivery and adjusted for relevant covariates.
Results
Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models before and after covariate-adjusted treatment simultaneously showed that preventive GBS-IAP was associated with increased incidence of AD in children delivered vaginally (OR: 6.719,95% CI: 4.730–9.544,P < 0.001;aOR: 6.562,95% CI: 4.302–10.008, P < 0.001), whereas cesarean delivery in 2-year-old children (OR: 0.555,95% CI: 0.276–1.117, P = 0.099;aOR: 0.560,95% CI: 0.271–1.155, P = 0.116) was not related to AD.
Conclusion
Prophylactic treatment of intrapartum GBS may raise the risk of AD in vaginally delivered children. Children delivered through cesarean section, on the other hand, did not have an elevated risk of AD. These findings highlight the need to better understand the risk between childhood AD and current GBS-IAP intervention strategies.
Successful repair of quadricuspid aortic valve- case report
Authors: Luo Wenzong , Hu Peng , Ma Liang 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Quadricuspid aortic valve (QAV) is rare. Aortic valve replacement is the most frequent treatment for those patients with severe regurgitation or stenosis of quadricuspid aortic valve. However, as our comprehension of the aortic valve grows, to repair a dysfunctional quadricuspid aortic valve becomes more and more feasible. We present a case of successful repair of quadricuspid aortic valve by the surgical strategy of bicuspidization.
Prevalence of Subclinical Keratoconus Among Adults Undergoing Routine, Uncomplicated Age-related Cataract Extraction
Authors: Tran Tu , Mittal Aman , Naik Vihar , Chhadva Priyanka , Wade Matthew , Garg Sumit 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To determine the prevalence of subclinical keratoconus (SKCN) among individuals undergoing routine, uncomplicated age-related cataract extraction.
Methods
At one major academic ophthalmology department in the United States, we reviewed records of patients aged 50 years and older who underwent surgery from January 2011 to April 2021. Patients who had poor-quality or unreliable tomographic data, previous corneal surgery, keratorefractive procedures, and significant vision-limiting pathology were excluded. While the diagnosis of keratoconus (KCN) was achieved clinically with highly deviated tomographic parameters, SKCN was defined by the authors using the Belin-Ambrósio enhanced ectasia index (BAD-D) > 1.7. This cut-off was selected by meta-analysis of large studies and is higher than the established recommended cut-off of 1.6 for a KCN suspect. In addition, for the eye to be considered as SKCN, at least one of three variables needed to deviate from normative values: 1) posterior elevation at thinnest point, 2) index of vertical asymmetry, and 3) index of surface variation. If one eye had manifest KCN, then the individual would be classified as KCN.
Results
Of 4894 eyes (2913 individuals), the prevalence of SKCN was 27.5% (95%CI, 26.2–28.8, 802 individuals), and prevalence of KCN was 1.6% (95% CI, 1.3–2.0, 47 individuals). Prevalence of SKCN did not increase with age and was more prevalent among females and non-white ethnicities. The mean BAD-D for the SKCN group was 2.23 (95%CI, 2.18–2.28), 1.26 (95%CI, 1.12–1.39) for the normal group (ρ < 0.001), and 7.85 (95%CI, 6.85–8.85) for the KCN group.
Conclusion
SKCN is sufficiently prevalent such that, resources permitting, tomography ought to be part of standardized pre-operative evaluation.
Atorvastatin Accelerates Alveolar Bone Loss In Type 1 Diabetic Rats Submitted To Periodontitis
Authors: Angelino Gisele , Veras Karysia , Gondim Delane , Pereira Karuza Maria , Leitão Renata , Chaves Helliada , Marques Mirna , Goes Paula 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Bone loss caused by periodontitis can be potentiated by diabetes. Atorvastatin (ATV), has been tested in periodontitis due to its anti-inflammatory and antiresorptive activities, but it has been reported to increase the risk of diabetes. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of ATV on alveolar bone of rats with periodontitis and diabetes. For this, 72 Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups: Naïve (N), experimental periodontitis (EP), diabetes mellitus (DM) and ATV. DM was induced by streptozotocin (60 mg/kg-ip.), after 12 hours fasting. Following, all animals were submitted to EP. ATV was administered (27 mg/kg, v.o.) 30 minutes before ligature and daily until the 11th day. Animals from N group did not undergo any intervention. After 11 days of EP, all animals had their glycemic rate measured and then were euthanized. Maxillae were collected for macroscopic, micro-tomographic and microscopic analyses. DM caused intense bone loss (60%) marked by reduction on trabecular thickness and bone volume (p<0.05). It was seen a significant reduction on osteoblast with increase on osteoclast counts, as well as, inflammatory infiltrate in the periodontium. ATV was not able to protect bone, improving bone loss by 21%. ATV caused a significant increase (20%) on blood glucose levels. In summary, ATV did not protect alveolar bone loss and did not modulate the inflammation in DM animals submitted to EP. ATV increase of blood glucose levels in these animals. Therefore, the systemic use of ATV in non-controlled diabetic conditions should be carefully evaluated.
Substituent Effects on Fluorescence Properties of AIEgens Based on Coumarin-3-formylhydrazone and their application in cell imaging
Authors: Chen Panpan , Zhao Yang , Niu Zhigang , Wang Enju 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
AIE-active compounds have lately attracted considerable attention owing to their versatile applications, especially in OLED and bioimaging. Herein, a series of coumarin-3-formylhydrazone derivatives (CFH-1, 2, 3 and 4) were developed for investigating their AIE and solid-state luminescence behaviors. All the obtained compounds emit varying degrees of solid-state fluorescence. CFH-1 and 2 show the typical AIE characteristics, while CFH-3 and 4 exhibit stronger solution fluorescence than their aggregation-induced emission. The single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis of CFH-1 and CFH-3 showed that both of them adopt planar conformation and the CH···O hydrogen bonding plays a crucial role in their crystal packing. Meanwhile, there is a notable difference between them. Successive π-π stacking interaction was observed in the crystal packing of CFH-1, while the crystals of CFH-3 contain dimeric π-π stacking interaction. Their distinct crystal packing interactions result in their different fluorescence properties. Moreover, both CFH-1 and CFH-2 displayed excellent bioimaging performances in living cells.
Oxytocin normalises the implicit processing of fearful faces in psychopathy: a randomised crossover study using fMRI
Authors: Tully John , Sethi Arjun , Griem Julia , Paloyelis Yannis , Craig Michael , Williams Steven , Murphy Declan , Blair James , Blackwood Nigel 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Adults with antisocial personality disorder with (ASPD + P) and without (ASPD-P) psychopathy commit the majority of violent crimes. Empathic processing abnormalities are particularly prominent in psychopathy, but effective pharmacological interventions have yet to be identified. Oxytocin modulates neural responses to fearful expressions in healthy populations. The current study investigates its effects in violent antisocial men. In a placebo-controlled, randomised crossover design, 34 violent offenders (19 ASPD + P; 15 ASPD-P) and 24 healthy non-offenders received 40 IU intranasal oxytocin or placebo and then completed an fMRI morphed faces task examining the implicit processing of fearful facial expressions. Increasing intensity of fearful facial expressions failed to appropriately modulate activity in the right anterior insula and bilateral midcingulate cortex in violent offenders with ASPD + P, compared to those with ASPD-P. Oxytocin abolished these group differences by enhancing fear-associated activity in key social brain areas in ASPD + P. This represents the first evidence of neurochemical modulation of the empathic processing of others’ distress in psychopathy. Main Text
Prevalence and Predictors of Pediatric HIV Therapy Failure in a Tertiary Hospital in Asmara, Eritrea: A 15-year Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Mengstu Samuel Tekle , Ghebremeskell Ghirmay Ghebrekidan , Achila Oliver Okoth , Abrehe Miriam Berhane , Tewelde Samuel Fisseha , Idris Mahmud Mohammed , Tikue Tsegereda Gebrehiwot , Mesfin Araia Berhane 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Introduction: Timely recognition of combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) failure in resource-constrained settings is cumbersome. This study investigated the prevalence, incidence, and predictors of first-line cART failure using the virologic (plasma viral load), immunologic and clinical criteria among HIV-infected children.Methods:A retrospective cohort study of all the children who followed in Orotta National Pediatric Referral Hospital from January 2005 to December 2020 was conducted. Predictors for cART failure from baseline and follow-up characteristics were explored in unadjusted and adjusted Cox-proportional hazard regression models.Results:Out of 724 children with at least 24 weeks follow-up 279 experienced therapy failure (TF) making prevalence of 38.5% (95% CI 35-42.2), with a crude incidence of failure of 6.5 events per 100-person-years (95% CI 5.8-7.3). In the adjusted Cox proportional hazards model, independent predictors of TF were suboptimal adherence (Adjusted Hazard Ratio (AHR)=2.9, 95% CI 2.2–3.9, p < 0.001), cART backbone other than Zidovudine and Lamivudine (AHR=1.6, 95% CI 1.1–2.2, p=0.01), severe immunosuppression (AHR = 1.5, 95% CI 1–2.4, p =0.04), wasting or weight for height z < -2 (AHR = 1.5, 95% CI 1.1–2.1, p =0.02), late cART initiation calendar years (AHR =1.15, 95% CI 1.1-1.3, p < 0.001), and older age at cART initiation (AHR =1.01, 95% CI 1-1.02, p < 0.001).Conclusions:Seven in hundred children on first-line cART are likely to develop TF every year. Efforts should be made in; exploring factors associated with suboptimal adherence, adherence support, and integrating nutritional care into the clinic. Empowering the setup with the capacity to perform viral loads regularly and studies on resistance-associated mutations (RAMs) would increase the likelihood of early detection and timely management of TF.
Genomic view of the diversity and functional role of archaea and bacteria in the skeleton of the reef-building corals Porites lutea and Isopora palifera
Authors: Tandon Kshitij , Ricci Francesco , Costa Joana , Medina Mónica , Kühl Michael , Blackall Linda L. , Verbruggen Heroen 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

At present our knowledge on the compartmentalization of coral holobiont microbiomes is highly skewed towards the millimetre-thin coral tissue, leaving the diverse coral skeleton microbiome underexplored. Here, we present a genome-centric view of the skeleton of the reef-building corals' Porites lutea and Isopora palifera, through a compendium of ~ 400 high-quality bacterial and archaeal metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs), spanning 34 phyla and 57 microbial classes. Skeletal microbiomes harboured a diverse array of stress response genes, including dimethylsulfoniopropionate synthesis (dsyB) and metabolism (DMSP lyase). Furthermore, skeletal MAGs encoded an average of 22 ± 15 genes in P. lutea and 28 ± 23 in I. palifera with eukaryotic-like motifs thought to be involved in maintaining host association. We provide comprehensive insights into the putative functional role of the skeletal microbiome on key metabolic processes such as nitrogen fixation, dissimilatory and assimilatory nitrate, and sulphate reduction. Our study provides critical genomic resources for a better understanding of the coral skeletal microbiome and its role in holobiont functioning.
Establishment and characterization of a new fibroblast-like cell line from the skin of a vertebrate model, zebrafish (Danio rerio)
Authors: Sathiyanarayanan Arjunan , Yashwanth BS , Pinto Nevil , Thakuria Dimpal , Babu.P Gireesh , Goswami Mukunda 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
A novel cell line designated as DRS (Danio rerio skin) was established and characterized from the skin tissue of wild-type zebrafish, Danio rerio, by the explant technique. The cells thrived well in the Leibovitz’s -15 medium supplemented with 15% FBS and routinely passaged at regular intervals. The DRS cells mainly feature fibroblast-like morphology. The culture conditions of the cells were determined by incubating the cells at varying concentrations of FBS and temperature; the optimum was 15% FBS and 28°C, respectively. Cells were cryopreserved and revived with 70–75% viability at different passage levels. Two extracellular products from bacterial species Aeromonas hydrophila and Edwardsiella tarda were tested and found toxic to the DRS cells. Mitochondrial genes, namely COI and 16S rRNA PCR amplification and partial sequencing authenticated the species of origin of cells. The modal diploid (2n) chromosome number of the cells was 50. The cells were transfected with pmaxGFP plasmid tested positive for green fluorescence at 24–48 h post-transfection, confirming the usefulness of the developed cell line for various in vitro applications.
Assessing Demographic Factors and Respiratory Disorders Related to Rhinoplasty among Syrian Private University Students
Authors: nahhas louay , lahham Tarek , Nahas Louei Darjazini 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Introduction:
Rhinoplasty is one of the common plastic surgery procedures which has a high rate worldwide. Every rhinoplasty procedure has difficulties due to individual differences and patient’s expectations. However, respiratory complications have been widely reported after rhinoplasty. This study aims to assess the rhinoplasty related respiratory problems compared to a control group among Syrian private university (SPU) students.
Methods
A case- control study was conducted at SPU. Using simple randomisation 154 students who previously had rhinoplasty surgery were at the cases group and 308 students who hadn’t were at the controls group 1:2. A self-administrated questionnaire was used. The questionnaire consisted of two sections: socio-demographic characteristics, and respiratory problems in the past month. Chi- square test was used to assess the relation between cases and controls and study variables.
Results
Of 462, 154 students who had rhinoplasty before were included in the cases group. (11.7%) 18 were males, 136 (88.3%) were females, mean age 22.8 ± 2. Most of the cases are studying medicine 43 (27.9%), business administration 31 (20.1%), and in their fourth year 49 (31.8%). Socio-demographic factors were significantly associated with cases and controls. Respiratory problems such as tiring during the day, difficulty sleeping, ear pressure, and mouth or lips dryness after waking up were significantly associated with cases and controls (p < 0.05).
Conclusions
These findings indicate an improved respiratory symptom after rhinoplasty among young adults compared to controls group. This data helps to understand the demographic factors related to rhinoplasty, and to assess the improvement of respiratory disorders after rhinoplasty.
Short-term head-out whole-body cold-water immersion facilitates positive affect and increases interaction between large-scale brain networks
Authors: Yankouskaya Ala , Williamson Ruth , Stacey Cameron , Totman John , Massey Heather 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
An emerging body of evidence indicates that short-term immersion in cold water facilitates positive affect and reduces negative affect. However, neural mechanisms underlying these effects remain largely unknown. For the first time, we employed functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to identify topological clusters of networks coupled with behavioural changes in positive and negative affect after a 5-min cold-water immersion. Perceived changes in positive affect were associated with feeling more active, alert, attentive, proud and inspired, whilst changes in negative affect reflected reductions in distress and nervousness. The increase in positive affect was supported by a unique component of interacting networks, including the medial prefrontal node of the Default Mode Network, a posterior parietal node of the Frontoparietal Network, anterior cingulate and rostral prefrontal parts of the Salience Network and Visual Lateral Network. This component emerged as a result of a focal effect confined to few connections. Changes in negative affect were associated with a distributed component of interacting networks at a reduced threshold. Affective changes after cold water immersion occurred independently of each other, supporting the bivalence model of affective processing. Interactions between large-scale networks linked to positive affect indicate integrative effects of cold-water immersion on brain functioning.
Emodin induced necroptosis in prostate cancer cells via the mitochondrial fission HSP90/MLKL/PGAM pathway
Authors: Zhou Xi , Khusbu Farjana Yeasmin , Xie Yang 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Currently, prostate cancer is one of the major malignant tumors for males. Natural products from TCM are acknowledged as excellent anticancer agents to fight sensitive and resistant prostate cancer. We aimed to explore the potential mechanism and molecular targets of emodin (EG) against human prostate cancer cells based on RNA-sequencing measures and molecular biology techniques.
Methods
Seven robustaflavones and EG isolated from Selaginella trichoclada were identified by UV, HRESIMS, and 1D/2D NMR spectral techniques. Human prostate cancer PC3 and DU145 cells were evaluated to explore the potential mechanism and molecular targets of emodin by RNA-sequencing measure and KEGG functional enrichment analysis. We further verified the accuracy of the prediction results by colony formation assay, Hoechst 33258 stainings, TEM cell morphology analysis, qPCR, and western blot.
Results
RNA-sequencing measure and KEGG functional enrichment analysis revealed that the necroptosis-related pathway was activated upon EG treatment in PC3 cells. Furthermore, EG significantly decreased the cell viability of PC3 and DU145 cells and strikingly induced non-apoptotic cell death via necroptosis that was visualized through colony formation assay, Hoechst 33258 staining, and TEM analysis. mRNA and protein expression of necroptosis markers were analyzed by qPCR and immunoblotting, which implied that EG induced cell necroptosis via enhancing the expression of MLKL and HSP90AA1 activating PGAM pathway which is considered as a key mediator of mitochondrial fission and leading to ROS generation in PC3 and DU145 cells.
Conclusions
Our findings suggested that EG is a new small molecule agonist that induced necroptosis in prostate cancer cells via the mitochondrial fission HSP90/MLKL/PGAM pathway.