bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New gridded dataset of rainfall erosivity (1950–2020) on the Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Chen Yueli , Duan Xingwu , Ding Minghu , Qi Wei , Wei Ting , Li Jianduo , Xie Yun 
Published: June 2022

Abstract. The risk of water erosion on the Tibetan Plateau (TP), a typical
fragile ecological area, is increasing with climate change. A rainfall
erosivity map is useful for understanding the spatiotemporal pattern of
rainfall erosivity and identifying hot spots of soil erosion. This study
generates an annual gridded rainfall erosivity dataset on a 0.25∘
grid for the TP in 1950–2020. The 1 min precipitation observations at 1787 weather stations for 7 years and 0.25∘ hourly European Center for
Medium-Range Weather Forecasts Reanalysis 5 (ERA5) precipitation data for 71 years are employed in this study. Our results indicate that the ERA5-based
estimates have a marked tendency to underestimate annual rainfall erosivity
when compared to the station-based estimates, because of the systematic
biases of ERA5 precipitation data including the large underestimation of the
maximum contiguous 30 min peak intensity and relatively slight
overestimation of event erosive precipitation amounts. The multiplier factor
map over the TP, which was generated by the inverse distance-weighted method
based on the relative changes between the available station-based annual
rainfall erosivity grid values and the corresponding ERA5-based values, was
employed to correct the ERA5-based annual rainfall erosivity and then
reconstruct the annual rainfall erosivity dataset. The multiyear average
correction coefficient over the TP between the station-based annual rainfall
erosivity values and the newly released data is 0.67. In addition, the
probability density and various quantile values of the new data are
generally consistent with the station-based values. The data offer a view
of large-scale spatiotemporal variability in the rainfall erosivity and
address the growing need for information to predict rainfall-induced
hazards over the TP. The dataset is available from the National Tibetan
Plateau/Third Pole Environment Data Center
(https://doi.org/10.11888/Terre.tpdc.271833; Chen, 2021).
PERAN DUKUNGAN SOSIAL TERHADAP KESEJAHTERAAN PSIKOLOGIS PADA LANSIA: LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Putri Milenia Qodariyah , Muhid Abdul 
Published: June 2022

Maraknya lansia terlantar yang berada di Indonesia dengan persentase hingga mencapai 67,4% merupakan hal yang miris dan merupakan tamparan yang keras untuk Pemerintah yang kini Indonesia sudah mengarah pada era aging population. Pada masa lanjut usia merupakan masa-masa yang rentan dan merupakan masa-masa ketika seseorang sudah merasa sejahtera atas hidupnya dan mentalnya. Jika seseorang tidak menjaga kesejahteraan psikisnya, maka akan berkemungkinan besar memperburuk kondisi fisik maupun psikis dan sangat penting untuk membantu peningkatan kesejahteraan psikis para lansia dengan melakukan dukungan sosial. Maka dari itu, dibuatnya studi literature ini dengan tujuan agar dapat meninjau relasi antara dukungan sosial dengan kesejahteraan psikis lansia. Pendekatan yang diimplementasikan dalam artikel ini merupakan studi literature yang dieksekusi dengan berlandaskan beragam sumber dari jurnal. Hasil penelitian dari literature ini dan menunjukkna bahwa dukungan sosial dengan kesejahteraan psikologis saling berhubungan.
Pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan Demokratis terhadap Kualitas Pelayanan PDAM (Perusahaan Daerah Air Minum) di Kabupaten Bondowoso
Authors: Alkaff Alwi , Khusnul Hasanah Lailatul 
Published: June 2022

Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui, Pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan Demokratis Terhadap Kualitas Pelayanan di Perusahaan Daerah Air Minum (PDAM) Kabupaten Bondowoso. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif yang menunjukkan hubungan yang bersifat sebab-akibat. Sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 60 pegawai. Tekhnik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi, angket, interview dan dokumentasi. Tekhnik analisis data yang digunakan yaitu analisis kuantitatif menggunakan uji Chi Kuadrat (Chi Square). Hasil penelitian menujukkan Gaya Kepemimpinan Demokratis berada pada kategori sangat baik ditinjau dari segi indikator yaitu: perilaku mendukung, memperhatikan kesejahteraan kelompok kerja, sikap bersahabat. Kualitas pelayanan berada pada kategori sangat baik ditinjau dari segi indikator kualitas, ketepatan waktu, dan empaty. Dengan db = 1dan taraf signifikansi sebesar 5% atau taraf kepercayaan 95%, sedang taraf ketidak percayaan (α) yaitu 0,05, maka diketahui X2 tabel adalah 3,841. Berdasarkan perhitungan tersebut maka dapat diketahui bahwa X2 hitung adalah 49,194 dan X2 hitung lebih besar atau sama dengan harga X2 tabel. Sesuai dengan ketentuan, jika X2 hitung lebih besar atau sama dengan X2 tabel, maka Ho ditolak dan Ha diterima. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa secara faktual analisis Chi Kuadrat (Chi Square) menunjukkan bahwa “Ada Pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan Demokratis Terhadap Kualitas Pelayanan di Perusahaan Daerah Air Minum (PDAM) Kabupaten Bondowoso”.
Kata Kunci: pengaruh; gaya kepemimpinan demokratis; kualitas pelayanan
Analisis Penerapan Prinsip Transparasi Pengelolaan Dana Desa Di Desa Sumberejo
Authors: Maulana Didik 
Published: June 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Pengelolaan Dana Desa (DD) dan Alokasi Dana Desa (ADD) di Desa Sumberrejo Kecamatan Ambulu Kabupaten Jember dalam mendukung transparasi keterbukaan informasi publik tentang dana desa tahun anggaran 2020. Untuk mencapai tujuannya tersebut, digunakan metode penelitian Kualitatif dengan mengurai data secara deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi, wawancara serta dokumentasi dan arsip dengan mengunakan teknik analisis deskriptif kualitatif.
Hasil penelitian menunjukan: pertama Proses Pengelolaan DD meliputi Perencanaan, Pelaksanaan, Penatausahaan, Pelaporan dan pertanggung jawaban. Pengelolaan DD ini yang dilakukan oleh pemerintah Desa Sumberrejo Kecamatan Ambulu Kabupaten Jember telah diatur dalam peraturan perundang-undangan. Namun dalam prosesnya masih belum optimal. Hal ini terlihat dari proses keterbukaan informasi atau Transparasi tentang Dana desa. Begitu pula dengan Pertanggunggjawaban Penggunaan DD sehingga masyarakat tidak dapat mengevaluasi hasil kerja Pemerintah desa. Kedua Faktor pendukung dan penghambat. Faktor pendukung yakni Partisipasi Masyarakat, Sarana dan Prasarana , sedangkan faktor penghambat yakni sumber Daya Manusia, serta petunjuk teknis Pengelolaan Dana Desa (DD) yang setiap tahun berubah-ubah.

Kata kunci: Prinsip Transparasi; Pengelolaan Dana Desa; Local Governance (Pemerintah Desa.);
Warranting Further Discussion: Why the Use of Financing Warrants in ESOP Transactions Benefits American Workers
Authors: El-Tahch Aziz , Hricko Matthew , Aguilar Isaiah , Golumbic Lars , Salek-Raham Andrew 
Published: June 2022

The leveraged Employee Stock Ownership Plan (ESOP) structure was created by US Congress to enable American workers to gain an equity interest in their companies without using their own funds. A critical component in the financing of leveraged ESOP transactions is a “warrant,” which enables corporate sponsors of ESOPs to access the financing necessary to facilitate purchases of company stock by ESOPs. Warrants also afford substantial benefits to ESOPs by providing downside risk for ESOP participants, freeing up cash for more productive uses than servicing interest on debt and aligning all corporate stakeholders' interests toward the common goal of increasing equity value.
Recently, however, the US Department of Labor (DOL) has taken the position that warrants necessarily reduce the fair market value of a subject company's equity in an ESOP transaction. This position, which would discourage ESOP formation, is contrary to both the “fair market value” standard that governs ESOP transactions and the DOL's long-held position on this issue. By helping to clear misconceptions around the use of warrants in leveraged ESOP transactions, we hope to contribute to the continued proliferation of ESOP ownership, resulting in a broader-based participation in wealth creation among American workers.
Surface Listening: Free Association and Recitation in the Wooster Group's The B-Side: "Negro Folklore from Texas State Prisons" A Record Album Interpretation
Authors: Napolin Julie Beth 
Published: June 2022

This essay is a critical narrative of an experience of listening to the Wooster Group’s The B-Side: “Negro Folklore from Texas State Prisons” A Record Album Interpretation (2017). The performance is a verbatim recitation of a 1965 ethnographic recording by Bruce Jackson of African American men toasting and singing works songs just before Texas prisons were desegregated. African American actors on stage hear the album through earpieces and re-perform songs and toasts in real time as the LP plays on a turntable visible (but mostly inaudible) to the audience. Their interpretation “transmits” the album to an audience. The essay, continuing that work of transduction, draws from the psychoanalytic notion of “free association” in order to think through the possibilities and limitations of listening across race and gender. It argues that association is a reciprocal way of listening and making theatre. It is also a way of working through history (recorded and unrecorded) in the face of intractable frameworks of racial antagonism in the United States. The essay assembles and “associates” photographs, songs, and excerpts of interviews with the show’s makers, as well as pairing concepts from the literature of listening and the archive of Black sonic performance.
“I’m A Stripper, Ho": The Sonics of Cardi B’s Ratchet, Diasporic Feminism
Authors: Jaime Karen 
Published: June 2022

In this article, the author attends to how performer Cardi B employs urban vernacular aesthetics to articulate a ratchet, diasporic feminism. Beginning with her early Instagram videos and participation in Love and Hip Hop: New York and followed by her commercially successful song “Bodak Yellow,” Cardi B mobilizes her work between diverse musical genres and sonic registers, challenging listeners and the music industry to find room for the particularities of her ethnic and racial identity and the type of feminist practice she lyrically articulates. The author interrogates how Cardi B’s chart-topping songs, Instagram videos, and interviews on talk shows and online operate as sonic strategies that challenge, disrupt, and reject respectability politics. In turn, the author highlights how Cardi B engages with gender, class, and sexuality, proudly claiming her positionality as a former erotic dancer/stripper in order to craft a sonic narrative, framing her current success as predicated on her diligent work ethic and immigrant roots.
An analysis of the operational efficiency of major airports in the United States
Authors: Sarkis Joseph 
Published: July 2002

AbstractRecently, considerable attention has been focused on the performance of various airlines and air carriers in terms of efficiency. Although it is obvious that air carriers use airports, few studies have focused on airport operational efficiency. This empirical study evaluates the operational efficiencies of 44 major U.S. airports using data envelopment analysis and some of its recent developments. Various airport characteristics are evaluated to determine their relationship to an airport's efficiency. Efficiency measures are based on four resource input measures including airport operational costs, number of airport employees, gates and runways, and five output measures including operational revenue, passenger flow, commercial and general aviation movement, and total cargo transportation. The results of this study have operational as well as public policy implications.
In utero exposure to serotonergic drugs alters neonatal expression of 5‐HT1A receptor transcripts: a quantitative RT‐PCR study
Authors: Lauder Jean M. , Liu Jiangping , Grayson Dennis R. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractIn embryonic rat brain, serotonin (5‐HT) acts as a differentiation signal for 5‐HT neurons and their target cells during midgestation. Serotonin receptors expressed during this period include the 5‐HT1A subtype, which may mediate some of these developmental effects. Using the highly sensitive method of competitive RT‐PCR, we quantified the effects of maternal treatment with either p‐chlorophenylalanine (pCPA; which depletes 5‐HT in embryonic rat brain) or 5‐methoxytryptamine (5‐MT; a general 5‐HT1 /5‐HT2 agonist) from embryonic day E12‐17 on expression of 5‐HT1A receptor mRNA transcripts in brains of offspring at postnatal day 4 (PND 4). In offspring of both pCPA and 5‐MT treated mothers, 5‐HT1A transcripts were significantly reduced compared to vehicle controls, although effects of pCPA were greater than those of 5‐MT. These results indicate that either under‐stimulation of 5‐HT1A receptors (due to pCPA‐induced 5‐HT depletion) or over‐stimulation (by the agonist 5‐MT) during prenatal development significantly reduced expression of 5‐HT1A receptor transcripts in neonatal offspring. This may occur by disruption of 5‐HT1A gene transcription or by post‐transcriptional mechanisms (such as altered translation or turnover of mRNA). Whatever the mechanism, reductions in 5‐HT1A receptor transcripts following in utero exposure to serotonergic drugs could significantly impact the number of 5‐HT1A receptors expressed in neonatal rat brain. Whether such effects will persist into adulthood remains to be determined.
Diabetes mellitus is a strong negative prognostic factor in patients with myocardial infarction treated with thrombolytic therapy
Authors: Strandberg L.‐E. , Ericsson C.‐G. , O'Konor M.‐L. , Bergstrand L. , Lundin P. , Rehnqvist N. , Tornvall P. 
Published: July 2002

Abstract. Strandberg L‐E, Ericsson C‐G, O’Konor M‐L, Bergstrand L, Lundin P, Rehnqvist N, Tornvall P (Norrtälje Hospital, Danderyd Hospital, the Swedish National Board of Health, Karolinska Hospital and the Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden). Diabetes mellitus is a strong negative prognostic factor in patients with myocardial infarction treated with thrombolytic therapy. J Intern Med 2000; 248: 119–125.Objectives. To assess the long‐term prognostic values of baseline demographic data, occurrence of vectorcardiographic signs of reperfusion, left ventricular function and coronary angiographic features.Design. Longitudinal study of morbidity and mortality.Setting. Coronary care unit at Danderyd Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.Subjects. A total of 222 patients (mean age 61 years) with a suspected acute myocardial infarction treated with thrombolysis were investigated and followed for 2–5 years (mean 1216 days).Main outcome measures. Death or a new myocardial infarction.Results. Age above 55 years (P < 0.05), a previous diagnosis of diabetes mellitus (P < 0.005), hypertension (P < 0.05), heart failure (P < 0.001) and myocardial infarction (P < 0.05), a previous use of beta‐blockers (P < 0.05) and an ejection fraction below 60% (P < 0.01) were predictors for death or a new myocardial infarction in univariate analysis. Sex, a previous history of smoking or angina pectoris, vectorcardiographic signs of reperfusion or degree of coronary artery disease had no prognostic values. In multivariate analysis including age above 55 years, a previous diagnosis of diabetes mellitus, hypertension and myocardial infarction, and an ejection fraction below 60%, only age (P < 0.05), diabetes mellitus (P < 0.01) and ejection fraction (P < 0.05) were predictors for death or a new myocardial infarction.Conclusions. The results of the present study emphasize the importance of diabetes mellitus as a long‐term prognostic risk factor in patients with myocardial infarction treated with thrombolysis. Further studies are needed to determine the mechanisms behind this increased risk.
Prostate cancer: how aware is the public?
Authors: Fitzpatrick  , Corcoran  , Fitzpatrick  
Published: July 2002

Objective To assess the public awareness of prostate cancer and willingness to seek medical attention for urinary symptoms, and to determine associated factors.Subjects and methods A community survey was conducted using a questionnaire administered by the interviewer to 280 randomly selected Irish men aged 40–69 years.Results A quarter of the men had not heard of prostate cancer; factors associated with having heard were nonmanual social class, living with a female partner and a history of treatment for urinary disease. Eighty per cent said they would be willing to attend a GP if they had urinary symptoms; associated factors were living with a female partner, having heard of prostate cancer and having seen a GP more than once in the preceding year. Just over half deemed attendance to be urgent/important; associated factors were having heard of prostate cancer, living with a female partner and having a relative with cancer. Having a General Medical Services card (a means‐tested medical card entitling the holder to free medical services) was negatively associated. Lower social class was negatively associated with routine questioning by a GP about urinary symptoms.Conclusions There is a marked social‐class gradient in knowledge and willingness to seek medical advice. In the absence of population screening, earlier clinical presentation with prostate cancer is essential if prognosis is to be improved; there is an evident need to improve prostate cancer awareness, particularly in the lower social classes, if this goal is to be achieved.
The prevalence of non‐viable pregnancy at 10–13 weeks of gestation
Authors: Pandya P. P. , Snijders R. J. M. , Psara N. , Hilbert L. , Nicolaides K. H. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractIn an ultrasound screening study at 10–13 weeks of gestation involving 17 870 women, the prevalence of early pregnancy failure was 2.8% (501 cases), including 313 (62.5%) missed abortions and 188 (37.5%) anembryonic pregnancies. Lower gestation and higher maternal age were associated with a higher prevalence (χ2 = 143.5; p < 0.001 and χ2 = 53.3; p < 0.0001, respectively). The prevalence was higher in women with a history of vaginal bleeding (χ2 = 141.5; p < 0.0001), but there was no significant association with previous pregnancy losses (χ2 = 2.8), parity (χ2 = 0.6) or cigarette smoking (χ2 = 0.0). Recent evidence suggests that the most effective method of screening for chromosomal abnormalities is measurement of fetal nucbal translucency thickness at 10–13 weeks, and therefore ultrasound examination at this gestation is likely to become universally available. As shown in this study, an additional advantage of such a scan is the diagnosis of early pregnancy failure, which will be found in about 3% of patients examined. Elective evacuation of retained products of conception is likely to be more cost effective and potentially safer than emergency surgery in a patient presenting during miscarriage. Copyright © 1996 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
Fluorescence-detected wave packet interferometry: Time resolved molecular spectroscopy with sequences of femtosecond phase-locked pulses
Authors: Scherer Norbert F. , Carlson Roger J. , Matro Alexander , Du Mei , Ruggiero Anthony J. , Romero-Rochin Victor , Cina Jeffrey A. , Fleming Graham R. , Rice Stuart A. 
Published: July 2002

We introduce a novel spectroscopic technique which utilizes a two-pulse sequence of femtosecond duration phase-locked optical laser pulses to resonantly excite vibronic transitions of a molecule. In contrast with other ultrafast pump–probe methods, in this experiment a definite optical phase angle between the pulses is maintained while varying the interpulse delay with interferometric precision. For the cases of in-phase, in-quadrature, and out-of-phase pulse pairs, respectively, the optical delay is controlled to positions that are integer, integer plus one quarter, and integer plus one half multiples of the wavelength of a selected Fourier component. In analogy with a double slit optical interference experiment, the two the two pulse experiments reported herein involve the preparation and quantum interference of two nuclear wave packet amplitudes state of a molecule.
These experiments are designed to be sensitive to the total phase evolution of the wave packet prepared by the initial pulse. The direct determination of wave packet phase evolution is possible because phase locking effectively transforms the interferogram to a frame which is referenced to the optical carrier frequency, thereby eliminating the high (optical) frequency modulations. This has the effect of isolating the rovibrational molecular dynamics. The phase locking scheme is demonstrated for molecular iodine. The excited state population following the passage of both pulses is detected as the resultant two-beam dependent fluorescence emission from the B state. The observed signals have periodically recurring features that result from the vibrational dynamics of the molecule on the electronically excited potential energy surface. In addition, coherent interference effects cause the magnitude and sign of the periodic features to be strongly modulated. The two-pulse phase-locked interferograms are interpreted herein by use of a simple analytic model, by first order perturbation theory and by quantum mechanical wave packet calculations. We find the form of the interferogram to be determined by the ground state level from which the amplitude originates, the deviation from impulsive preparation of the wave packet due to nonzero pulse duration, the frequency and anharmonicity of the target vibrational levels in the B state, and the detuning of the phase-locked frequency from resonance. The dependence of the interferogram on the phase-locked frequency and phase angle is investigated in detail.
Complexes of oxygen with benzene and hexafluorobenzene
Authors: Grover J. Robb , Hagenow Gerd , Walters Edward A. 
Published: July 2002

The complexes of C6H6⋅O2, (C6H6)2O2, and C6F6⋅O2 were studied by photoionization using synchrotron radiation. Dissociation energies were measured to be D0(C6H6⋅O2)=1.6±0.3 kcal mol−1, D0[(C6H6⋅O2)+]=3.4±0.3 kcal mol−1, D0(C6F6⋅O2)=2.1±0.4 kcal mol−1, and D0[(C6F6⋅O2)+]=3.2±0.4 kcal mol−1. We calculate from the above that D298(C6H6⋅O2)=0.4±0.4 kcal mol−1, verifying that the benzene–oxygen interaction is only a ‘‘contact’’ at room temperature. The dissociation energies of the heterodimer ions are much smaller than those of the homodimer ions of their constituents [viz. 15, 11, and 7 kcal mol−1 for (C6H6)+2, (O2)+2, and (C6F6)+2. ] Sharp onsets were observed for C6H6⋅O2→(C6H6⋅O2)+ and C6F6⋅O2→(C6F6⋅O2)+, at 9.172±0.004 and 9.856±0.003 eV, respectively, measurements made possible by autoionization in the threshold region. Surprisingly, the heterodimer ion (C6H6⋅O2)+ is formed essentially entirely from neutral C6H6⋅O2, with no contribution from fragmentation of larger clusters. Production of C6H6O+ and C6F6O+ from C6H6⋅O2 and C6F6⋅O2 could not be detected, but is easily observed from mixed trimers. The first onsets occur at 14.10±0.05 and 14.10±0.09 eV, respectively, and are markedly higher than the thresholds. A second onset for C6F6O+ occurs at 14.7–15.0 eV.
In addition, dips are observed near 590 Å in the yield spectra for both C6H6O+ and C6F6O+, where the well-known window resonances of the oxygen (c 4Σ−u)3sσg Rydberg states occur. Thus there is evidence for the participation of two different mechanisms. The former data are consistent with a mechanism in which the organic moiety is first photoionized to produce an excited ion that then dissociates the oxygen, where one of the oxygen atoms is captured by the ion. The latter data support a mechanism in which the O2 moiety is the chromophore, where O+, formed by predissociation of [O+2]* from autoionization of a Rydberg state, is captured by a benzene molecule. In either case, the product is born excited, and to be observed must be stabilized by excitation and ejection of the third component of the original trimer.