bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microbial community roles and chemical mechanisms in the parasitic development of Orobanche cumana
Authors: Xi Jiao , Lei Beilei , Liu Yong‐Xin , Ding Zanbo , Liu Jiaxi , Xu Tengqi , Hou Lijun , Han Siqi , Qian Xun , Ma Yongqing , Xue Quanhong , Gao Jinming , Gu Jie , Tiedje James M. , Lin Yanbing 
Published: June 2022

AbstractOrobanche cumana Wallr. is a holoparasite weed that extracts water and nutrients from its host the sunflower, thereby causing yield reductions and quality losses. However, the number of O. cumana parasites in the same farmland is distinctly different. The roots of some hosts have been heavily parasitized, while others have not been parasitized. What are the factors contributing to this phenomenon? Is it possible that sunflower interroot microorganisms are playing a regulatory role in this phenomenon? The role of the microbial community in this remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the rhizosphere soil microbiome for sunflowers with different degrees of O. cumana parasitism, that is, healthy, light infection, moderate infection, and severe infection on the sunflower roots. The microbial structures differed significantly according to the degree of parasitism, where Xanthomonadaceae was enriched in severe infections. Metagenomic analyses revealed that amino acid, carbohydrate, energy, and lipid metabolism were increased in the rhizosphere soils of severely infected sunflowers, which were attributed to the proliferation of Lysobacter. Lysobacter antibioticus (HX79) was isolated and its capacity to promote O. cumana seed germination and increase the germ tube length was confirmed by germination and pot experiments. Cyclo(Pro‐Val), an active metabolite of strain HX79, was identified and metabolomic and molecular docking approaches confirmed it was responsible for promoting O. cumana seed germination and growth. And we found that Pseudomonas mandelii HX1 inhibited the growth of O. cumana in the host rhizosphere soil. Our findings clarify the role of rhizosphere microbiota in regulating the parasite O. cumana to possibly facilitate the development of a new weed suppression strategy.
ggClusterNet: An R package for microbiome network analysis and modularity‐based multiple network layouts
Authors: Wen Tao , Xie Penghao , Yang Shengdie , Niu Guoqing , Liu Xiaoyu , Ding Zhexu , Xue Chao , Liu Yong‐Xin , Shen Qirong , Yuan Jun 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe network analysis has attracted increasing attention and interest from ecological academics, thus it is of great necessity to develop more convenient and powerful tools. For that reason, we have developed an R package, named “ggClusterNet,” to complete and display the network analysis in an easier manner. In that package, ten network layout algorithms are designed to better display the modules of microbiome network (randomClusterG, PolygonClusterG, PolygonRrClusterG, ArtifCluster, randSNEClusterG, PolygonModsquareG, PolyRdmNotdCirG, model_Gephi.2, model_igraph, and model_maptree). For the convenience of the users, many functions related to microbial network analysis, such as corMicor(), net_properties(), node_properties(), ZiPiPlot(), random_Net_compate(), are integrated to complete the network mining. Furthermore, the pipeline function named network.2() and corBionetwork() are also added for the quick achievement of the network or bipartite network analysis as well as their in‐depth mining. The ggClusterNet is publicly available via GitHub (https://github.com/taowenmicro/ggClusterNet/) or Gitee (https://gitee.com/wentaomicro/ggClusterNet) for users' access. A complete description of the usages can be found on the manuscript's GitHub page (https://github.com/taowenmicro/ggClusterNet/wiki).
Skeletal Disease Acquisition in Fibrous Dysplasia: Natural History and Indicators of Lesion Progression in Children
Authors: Szymczuk Vivian , Taylor Jocelyn , Michel Zachary , Sinaii Ninet , Boyce Alison M. 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT
Fibrous dysplasia (FD) is a rare mosaic disorder resulting in fractures, pain, and disability. Bone lesions appear during childhood and expand during skeletal growth. The rate at which FD lesions progress and the biochemical determinants of FD lesion formation have not been established, making it difficult to investigate and implement preventative therapies. The purpose of this study was to characterize FD lesion progression in children, and to identify clinical variables associated with progressive disease. Clinical data and imaging from an ongoing natural history study at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) were reviewed. 99m-Technetium methylene diphosphonate (99Tc-MDP) scans were used to determine Skeletal Burden Score (SBS), a validated quantitative scoring system. FD progression rate was determined by the change in the SBS in each patient per year. Thirty-one children had serial 99Tc-MDP scans, with a median age at first scan of 6 years (interquartile range [IQR] 4–8, range 2–10), and median follow-up 1.1 years (IQR 1.1–2.1, range 0.7–11.2). The median FD progression rate for the total group was 2.12 SBS units/year (IQR 0.81–2.94, range 0.05–7.81). FD progression rates were highest in children under age 8 years and declined with age (p = 0.03). Baseline disease severity was associated with subsequent disease progression (p = 0.009), with the highest FD progression rates in patients with moderate disease (baseline SBS 16–30), and lowest progression rates in those with severe disease (SBS ≥50). Serum levels of the bone formation marker osteocalcin were positively correlated with subsequent FD progression rate (p = 0.01, R = 0.58). There was no association between FD progression and baseline endocrinopathies, fractures, or surgery rates. FD lesions progress during childhood, particularly in younger children and those with moderate involvement. Osteocalcin may potentially serve as a biomarker for progressive disease. These findings may allow clinicians to investigate preventative therapies, and to identify children with FD who are candidates for early interventions. Published 2022. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
Identification of Known and Novel Long Noncoding RNAs Potentially Responsible for the Effects of Bone Mineral Density (BMD) Genomewide Association Study (GWAS) Loci
Authors: Abood Abdullah , Mesner Larry , Rosenow Will , Al-Barghouthi Basel M. , Horowitz Nina , Morgan Elise F. , Gerstenfeld Louis C. , Farber Charles R. 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT
Osteoporosis, characterized by low bone mineral density (BMD), is the most common complex disease affecting bone and constitutes a major societal health problem. Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified over 1100 associations influencing BMD. It has been shown that perturbations to long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) influence BMD and the activities of bone cells; however, the extent to which lncRNAs are involved in the genetic regulation of BMD is unknown. Here, we combined the analysis of allelic imbalance (AI) in human acetabular bone fragments with a transcriptome-wide association study (TWAS) and expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) colocalization analysis using data from the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) project to identify lncRNAs potentially responsible for GWAS associations. We identified 27 lncRNAs in bone that are located in proximity to a BMD GWAS association and harbor single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) demonstrating AI. Using GTEx data we identified an additional 31 lncRNAs whose expression was associated (false discovery rate [FDR] correction &lt; 0.05) with BMD through TWAS and had a colocalizing eQTL (regional colocalization probability [RCP] &gt; 0.1). The 58 lncRNAs are located in 43 BMD associations. To further support a causal role for the identified lncRNAs, we show that 23 of the 58 lncRNAs are differentially expressed as a function of osteoblast differentiation. Our approach identifies lncRNAs that are potentially responsible for BMD GWAS associations and suggest that lncRNAs play a role in the genetics of osteoporosis. © 2022 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Indications for ordering thyroid‐stimulating hormone in noncritically ill adult inpatients—A Delphi consensus recommendation
Authors: Surendran Anasuiya , Lubchansky Stephanie , Epp Riley , Luthra Meera , Sovran Steven , Punthakee Zubin 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundThyroid‐stimulating hormone (TSH) is ordered commonly among inpatients, but the possibility of nonthyroidal illness syndrome challenges interpretation.ObjectiveOur objective was to obtain Canadian consensus on appropriate indications for ordering TSH in the first 48 h following presentation of a noncritically ill internal medicine patient.Design, Setting and ParticipantsCanadian endocrinologists with inpatient expertise were invited via snowball sampling to an online 3‐round Delphi study. Main Outcome and Measures using a 6‐point Likert scale, they rated 58 indications on appropriateness for measuring TSH in medical inpatients. These indications included clinical presentations, signs, and symptoms. Items that reached consensus and agreement (≥80% of participants selecting a rating of 5 or 6 on the Likert scale) were tabulated and dropped after each round. Qualitative analysis of comments identified additional contextual considerations as themes.ResultsThere were 45 participants (academic setting: 84%) representing 8 provinces (Ontario: 64%). Rounds 2 and 3 were completed by 42 and 33 participants, respectively. Nine indications reached consensus and agreement: presumed myxedema coma, presumed thyroid storm, atrial fibrillation/flutter, euvolemic hyponatremia, proptosis, adrenal insufficiency, hypothermia, thyroid medication noncompliance, and goiter. There was also agreement that two contextual considerations identified in thematic analysis, including a recent abnormal outpatient TSH, and the presence of other findings of thyroid dysfunction, would significantly change some mid‐range responses.ConclusionsCanadian experts agreed upon nine specific indications for ordering an inpatient TSH, with others requiring consideration of previous TSH measurement and clinical context.
Sequential paired covariance for improved visualization of mass spectrometry imaging datasets
Authors: Pace Crystal L. , Garrard Kenneth P. , Muddiman David C. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractUntargeted analyses in mass spectrometry imaging produce hundreds of ion images representing spatial distributions of biomolecules in biological tissues. Due to the large diversity of ions detected in untargeted analyses, normalization standards are often difficult to implement to account for pixel‐to‐pixel variability in imaging studies. Many normalization strategies exist to account for this variability, but they largely do not improve image quality. In this study, we present a new approach for improving image quality and visualization of tissue features by application of sequential paired covariance (SPC). This approach was demonstrated using previously published tissue datasets such as rat brain and human prostate with different biomolecules like metabolites and N‐linked glycans. Data transformation by SPC improved ion images resulting in increased smoothing of biological features compared with commonly used normalization approaches.
Contribution of the Ultrasound Techniques in the Evaluation of Knee Joint Damage in the Case of Pigmented Villonodular Synovitis and Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Zhong Yan‐Fen , Ye Gui‐Hong , Li Zhi‐Xian , Chen Yuan‐Yuan , Li Xi‐Gui , Wen Jing , Wu Ji 
Published: June 2022

ObjectivesThis is a prospective study to evaluate the clinical value of high‐frequency ultrasound (HFUS), superb microvascular imaging (SMI), and contrast‐enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in differentiation of pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS) and highly active rheumatoid arthritis (RA).MethodsTwenty PVNS patients and 24 active RA patients were selected to undergo HFUS, SMI, and CEUS examinations. The characteristics of HFUS, SMI, and CEUS in PVNS and RA were compared, and the differential diagnosis performances of HFUS, SMI, and CEUS in PVNS and RA were evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis.ResultsThere were statistically significant in joint effusion, synovial thickness, synovial morphology, synovial echo, synovial vessel shape, synovial enhanced direction, and enhanced pattern between PVNS and RA (P < .05). However, no statistically significant were found in bone erosion, synovial boundary, blood signal grading of synovium, synovial enhanced strength, and CEUS quantitative parameters (including PI, TTP, S, MTT, and AUC) (P > .05). The AUC of HFUS, SMI, and CEUS for differential diagnosis PVNS and RA were 0.832, 0.675, and 0.817, respectively. The AUC of HFUS + SMI, HFUS + CEUS, SMI + CEUS, HFUS + SMI + CEUS were 0.923, 0.940, 0.817, and 0.940, respectively. The AUC of HFUS + SMI and HFUS + CEUS was higher than that of each alone (P < .05).ConclusionsHFUS, SMI, and CEUS can be used as supplementary methods for diagnosis and differential diagnosis in PVNS and active RA. What is more, the combination of HFUS + SMI and HFUS + CEUS was suggested.
Alkalinity export to the ocean is a major carbon sequestration mechanism in a macrotidal saltmarsh
Authors: Yau Yvonne Y.Y. , Xin Pei , Chen Xiaogang , Zhan Lucheng , Call Mitchell , Conrad Stephen R. , Sanders Christian J. , Li Linwei , Du Jinzhou , Santos Isaac R. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSaltmarshes are a blue carbon ecosystem accumulating large quantities of organic carbon in sediments. Some of this carbon can be transformed into dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and methane (CH4) that may eventually be exported to the ocean or atmosphere. Although extensive studies have quantified specific components of the carbon budget such as carbon burial, limited attention has been given to pore‐water‐derived carbon and total alkalinity (TA) exports to the ocean. Here, we quantified lateral exports to the ocean (outwelling) of 202 ± 160 and 78 ± 75 mmol m−2 d−1 of DIC and TA, respectively. The TA : DIC concentration ratio in the creek waters was ~ 1, implying TA production from anaerobic mineralization in sediments. The lateral TA exports were comparable to the local (94 ± 48 mmol m−2 d−1) and national (~ 50 mmol m−2 d−1) organic carbon burial. High TA exports could locally increase the ocean buffering capacity and contribute bicarbonate to the coastal ocean, acting as a long‐term carbon storage. Pore water traced by radon contributed 28–37% and 58–69% of DIC and TA exports. Separating the two major DIC components (i.e., CO2 emissions and alkalinity exports) is essential to resolve the carbon sequestration potential from saltmarshes. Here, dissolved CO2 emissions to the atmosphere accounted for 3–5% of total DIC outwelling. CH4 emissions played a minor role offsetting around 0.3 to 6% of the carbon sequestration. Overall, we demonstrate that alkalinity export into the ocean can be an overlooked carbon sequestration pathway in saltmarshes at rates comparable to carbon burial.
Comparison of inversion methods inMRelastography: An open‐access pipeline for processing multifrequency shear‐wave data and demonstration in a phantom, human kidneys, and brain
Authors: Meyer Tom , Marticorena Garcia Stephan , Tzschätzsch Heiko , Herthum Helge , Shahryari Mehrgan , Stencel Lisa , Braun Jürgen , Kalra Prateek , Kolipaka Arunark , Sack Ingolf 
Published: June 2022

PurposeMagnetic resonance elastography (MRE) maps the viscoelastic properties of soft tissues for diagnostic purposes. However, different MRE inversion methods yield different results, which hinder comparison of values, standardization, and establishment of quantitative MRE markers. Here, we introduce an expandable, open‐access, webserver‐based platform that offers multiple inversion techniques for multifrequency, 3D MRE data.MethodsThe platform comprises a data repository and standard MRE inversion methods including local frequency estimation (LFE), direct‐inversion based multifrequency dual elasto‐visco (MDEV) inversion, and wavenumber‐based (k‐) MDEV. The use of the platform is demonstrated in phantom data and in vivo multifrequency MRE data of the kidneys and brains of healthy volunteers.ResultsDetailed maps of stiffness were generated by all inversion methods showing similar detail of anatomy. Specifically, the inner renal cortex had higher shear wave speed (SWS) than renal medulla and outer cortex without lateral differences.k‐MDEV yielded higher SWS values than MDEV or LFE (full kidney/braink‐MDEV: 2.71 ± 0.19/1.45 ± 0.14 m/s, MDEV: 2.14 ± 0.16/0.99 ± 0.11 m/s, LFE: 2.12 ± 0.15/0.89 ± 0.06 m/s).ConclusionThe freely accessible platform supports the comparison of MRE results obtained with different inversion methods, filter thresholds, or excitation frequencies, promoting reproducibility in MRE across community‐developed methods.
Single fiber electromyography and measuring jitter with concentric needle electrodes
Authors: Sanders Donald B. , Kouyoumdjian João A. , Stålberg Erik V. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis monograph contains descriptions of the single fiber electromyography (SFEMG) method and of the more recently implemented method of recording jitter with concentric needle electrodes (CNEs). SFEMG records action potentials from single muscle fibers (SFAPs), which permits measuring fiber density (FD), a sensitive measure of reinnervation, and jitter, a sensitive measure of abnormal neuromuscular transmission (NMT). With voluntary activation, jitter is measured between two SFAPs with acceptable amplitude and rise time. With activation by axon stimulation, jitter is measured between the stimulus and individual SFAPs. Pitfalls due to unstable triggers and inconstant firing rates during voluntary activation and subliminal stimulation during axon stimulation should be identified and avoided. In CNE recordings, spikes with shoulders or rising phases that are not parallel are produced by summation of SFAPS; these should be excluded and reference values for CNE jitter should be used. CNE and SFEMG have similar and very high sensitivity in detecting increased jitter, as in myasthenia gravis and other myasthenic conditions. However, jitter is also seen in ongoing reinnervation and some myopathic conditions. With SFEMG, these can be identified by increased FD; however, FD cannot be measured with CNE, and conventional electromyography should be performed in muscles with increased jitter to detect neurogenic or myogenic abnormalities. Jitter is abnormal after injections of botulinum toxin, even in muscles remote from the injection site, and can persist for 6 mo or more. This can complicate the detection or exclusion of abnormal NMT.
Long‐Term and Short‐Term Creep Characteristic Analysis for HTPB Propellant
Authors: Deng Kuangwei , Li Haiyang , Xu Jie , Cui Huiru , Shen Zhibin 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA solid rocket motor is in storage for most of its life cycle, and propellant creep occurs subjected to gravity load. To analyse the creep characteristics of HTPB propellant during long‐term storage, MSC Marc is used to calculate the maximum von Mises stress of the motor under horizontal and vertical storage conditions. Based on the numerical results, the short‐term reciprocating creep test and long‐term creep test are designed and carried out. The results illustrate that the process of propellant creep from deformation to final failure can be divided into four stages: instantaneous deformation stage, attenuation creep stage, steady‐state creep stage and accelerated creep failure stage. When the creep stress level is less than 0.1 MPa, the creep characteristics tend to be stable. When the creep strain exceeds a certain critical value, the propellant will enter the steady‐state creep stage. The damage caused by creep rises with the increase of creep time and stress. When the maximum creep strain is less than 10 %, the creep damage can be fully recovered. The splicing curve of short‐term creep test data is in good agreement with that of long‐term creep test data. A mechanical long‐term creep test method is provided, and the parameters of the modified Burgers model are fitted. The text methods and conclusions can provide a reference for the evaluation of structural integrity and storage life of solid motor.
Sustainable development in the wine industry: The impact of the natural environment and gender‐diverse leadership
Authors: Galbreath Jeremy , Tisch Daniel 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThere is a robust stream of research studying the external and internal drivers of cleaner production practices, yet little of this research has combined an examination of the natural environment and the demography of human agents. Building on natural resource dependence theory (NRDT), this study establishes that wine firms are highly dependent on nature (temperature, rainfall) and face uncertainties surrounding access to eco‐system services, which act as a driver of cleaner production practices. Further, because women leaders are more likely than their male counterparts to demonstrate sensitivity towards and respect for the natural environment and sustainable development, a hypothesis is put forth that gender‐diverse leadership shapes (moderates) the main effects relationships. By studying a sample of 1886 wine firms operating in Australia over the years 2004–2018, these relationships are tested and the hypotheses confirmed. The results are discussed, with implications for theory, empirical research, practice and policy.
Solution‐Based Synthesis Routes for the Preparation of Noncentrosymmetric 0‐D Oxide Nanocrystals with Perovskite and Nonperovskite Structures
Authors: Dantelle Géraldine , Beauquis Sandrine , Le Dantec Ronan , Monnier Virginie , Galez Christine , Mugnier Yannick 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWith the miniaturization of electronic‐based devices, the foreseen potential of new optical nanoprobes and the assessment of eventual size and shape effects, elaboration of multifunctional noncentrosymmetric nanocrystals with ferroelectric, pyroelectric, piezoelectric, and nonlinear optical properties are the subject of an increasing research interest. Here, the recent achievements from the solution‐based methods (coprecipitation in homogeneous and nanostructured media, sol‐gel processes including various chemistries and hydro/solvothermal techniques) to prepare 0‐D perovskite and nonperovskite oxides in the 5–500 nm size range are critically reviewed. To cover a representative list of covalent‐ and ionic‐type materials, BaTiO3 and its derivatives, niobate compounds (i.e., K/Na/LiNbO3), multiferroic BiFeO3, and crystals of lower symmetry including KTiOPO4 and some iodate compounds such as Fe(IO3)3 and La(IO3)3 are systematically in focus. The resulting size, morphology, and aggregation state are discussed in light of the proposed formation mechanisms. Because of a higher complexity related to their chemical composition and crystalline structures, improving the rational design of these multifunctional oxides in terms of finely‐tuned compositions, crystalline hosts and structure–property relationships still need in the future a special attention of the research community to the detailed understanding of the reaction pathways and crystallization mechanisms.