bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analytical model of the in-plane torsion test
Authors: Cwiekala Nils , Traphöner Heinrich , Haupt Peter , Clausmeyer Till , Tekkaya A. Erman 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn research and industry, the in-plane torsion test is applied to investigate the material behaviour at large plastic strains: a sheet is clamped in two concentric circles, the boundaries are twisted against each other applying a torque, and simple shear of the material arises. This deformation is analysed within the scope of finite elasto-plasticity. An additive decomposition of the Almansi strain tensor is derived, valid as an approximation for arbitrary large plastic strains and sufficiently small elastic strains and rotations. Constitutive assumptions are the von Mises yield criterion, an associative flow rule, isotropic hardening, and a physically linear elasticity relation. The incremental formulation of the elasticity relation applies covariant Oldroyd derivatives of the stress and the strain tensors. The assumptions combined with equilibrium conditions lead to evolution equations for the distribution of stresses and accumulated plastic strain. The nonzero circumferential stress must be determined from the equilibrium condition because no deformation is present in tangential direction. As a result, a differential-algebraic-equation (DAE) system is derived, consisting of three ordinary differential equations combined with one algebraic side condition. As an example material, properties of a dual phase steel DP600 are analysed numerically at an accumulated plastic strain of 3.0. Radial normal stresses of 3.1% and tangential normal stresses of 1.0% of the shear stresses are determined. The influence of the additional normal stresses on the determination of the flow curve is 0.024%, which is negligibly small in comparison with other experimental influences and measurement accuracies affecting the experimental flow curve determination.
Modeling driver-vehicle interaction in automated driving
Authors: Dargahi Nobari Khazar , Albers Franz , Bartsch Katharina , Braun Jan , Bertram Torsten 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn automated vehicles, the collaboration of human drivers and automated systems plays a decisive role in road safety, driver comfort, and acceptance of automated vehicles. A successful interaction requires a precise interpretation and investigation of all influencing factors such as driver state, system state, and surroundings (e.g., traffic, weather). This contribution discusses the detailed structure of the driver-vehicle interaction, which takes into account the driving situation and the driver state to improve driver performance. The interaction rules are derived from a controller that is fed by the driver state within a loop. The regulation of the driver state continues until the target state is reached or the criticality of the situation is resolved. In addition, a driver model is proposed that represents the driver’s decision-making process during the interaction between driver and vehicle and during the transition of driving tasks. The model includes the sensory perception process, decision-making, and motor response. The decision-making process during the interaction deals with the cognitive and emotional states of the driver. Based on the proposed driver-vehicle interaction loop and the driver model, an experiment with 38 participants is performed in a driving simulator to investigate (1) if both emotional and cognitive states become active during the decision-making process and (2) what the temporal sequence of the processes is. Finally, the evidence gathered from the experiment is analyzed. The results are consistent with the suggested driver model in terms of the cognitive and emotional state of the driver during the mode change from automated system to the human driver.
About prestretch in homogenized constrained mixture models simulating growth and remodeling in patient-specific aortic geometries
Authors: Laubrie Joan D. , Mousavi S. Jamaleddin , Avril Stéphane 
Published: January 2022

AbstractEvolution of mechanical and structural properties in the Ascending Thoracic Aorta (ATA) is the results of complex mechanobiological processes. In this work, we address some numerical challenges in order to elaborate computational models of these processes. For that, we extend the state of the art of homogenized constrained mixture (hCM) models. In these models, prestretches are assigned to the mixed constituents in order to ensure local mechanical equilibrium macroscopically, and to maintain a homeostatic level of tension in collagen fibers microscopically. Although the initial prestretches were assumed as homogeneous in idealized straight tubes, more elaborate prestretch distributions need to be considered for curved geometrical models such as patient-specific ATA. Therefore, we introduce prestretches having a three-dimensional gradient across the ATA geometry in the homeostatic reference state. We test different schemes with the objective to ensure stable growth and remodeling (G&R) simulations on patient-specific curved vessels. In these simulations, aneurysm progression is triggered by tissue changes in the constituents such as mass degradation of intramural elastin. The results show that the initial prestretches are not only critical for the stability of numerical simulations, but they also affect the G&R response. Eventually, we submit that initial conditions required for G&R simulations need to be identified regionally for ensuring realistic patient-specific predictions of aneurysm progression.
Characterization of various acrylate based artificial teeth for denture fabrication
Authors: Muhammad Nawshad , Sarfraz Zenab , Zafar Muhammad Sohail , Liaqat Saad , Rahim Abdur , Ahmad Pervaiz , Alsubaie Abdullah , Almalki Abdulraheem S. A. , Khandaker Mayeen Uddin 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAcrylic resins-based artificial teeth are frequently used for the fabrication of dentures has and contribute a very strong share in the global market. However, the scientific literature reporting the comparative analysis data of various artificial teeth is scarce. Focusing on that, the present study investigated various types of commercially available artificial teeth, composed of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA). Artificial teeth are characterized for chemical analysis, morphological features, thermal analysis, and mechanical properties (surface hardness, compressive strength). Different types of artificial teeth showed distinct mechanical (compression strength, Vickers hardness) and thermal properties (thermal gravimetric analysis) which may be attributed to the difference in the content of PMMA and type and quantity of different fillers in their composition. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) results exhibited that vinyl end groups of PMMA degraded above 200 °C, whereas 340–400 °C maximum degradation temperature was measured by differential thermal analysis (DTA) for all samples. Crisma brand showed the highest compressive strength and young modulus (88.6 MPaand 1654 MPa)while the lowest value of Vickers hardness was demonstrated by Pigeon and Vital brands. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) photographs showed that Crisma, Pigeon, and Vital exhibited characteristics of a brittle fracture; however, Artis and Well bite brands contained elongated voids on their surfaces. According to the mechanical analysis and SEM data, Well bite teeth showed a significantly higher mechanical strength compared to other groups. However, no considerable difference was observed in Vickers hardness of all groups.
Online clustering-based multi-camera vehicle tracking in scenarios with overlapping FOVs
Authors: Luna Elena , SanMiguel Juan C. , Martínez José M. , Escudero-Viñolo Marcos 
Published: January 2022

AbstractMulti-Target Multi-Camera (MTMC) vehicle tracking is an essential task of visual traffic monitoring, one of the main research fields of Intelligent Transportation Systems. Several offline approaches have been proposed to address this task; however, they are not compatible with real-world applications due to their high latency and post-processing requirements. This lack of suitable approaches motivates our proposal: A new low-latency online approach for MTMC tracking in scenarios with partially overlapping fields of view (FOVs), such as road intersections. Firstly, the proposed approach detects vehicles at each camera. Then, the detections are merged between cameras by applying cross-camera clustering based on appearance and location. Lastly, the clusters containing different detections of the same vehicle are temporally associated to compute the tracks on a frame-by-frame basis. The experiments show promising low-latency results while addressing real-world challenges such as the a priori unknown and time-varying number of targets and the continuous state estimation of them without performing any post-processing of the trajectories. Our code is available at http://www-vpu.eps.uam.es/publications/Online-MTMC-Tracking.
Comparison of numerical and computational aspects between two constraint-based contact methods in the description of wheel/rail contacts
Authors: Yu Xinxin , Aceituno Javier F. , Kurvinen Emil , Matikainen Marko K. , Korkealaakso Pasi , Rouvinen Asko , Jiang Dezhi , Escalona José L. , Mikkola Aki 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe numerical and computation aspects of the Knife-edge Equivalent Contact (KEC) constraint and lookup table (LUT) methods are compared in this paper. The LUT method implementation uses a penetration-based elastic contact model for the flange and a constraint-based formulation at the wheel tread. For the KEC method, where an infinitely narrow rail contacts an equivalent wheel, regularization of the tread-flange transition is adopted to simultaneously account for tread and flange contacts using constraints. A comparison between the two methods is carried out using well-known numerical integrators to show the applicability and limitations of both methods.Two fixed-step-size integrators, the explicit Runge–Kutta (RK4) and the predictor–corrector Adam–Bashforth–Moulton (ABM) methods, and two variable-step-size Matlab built-in function integrators, the explicit $ode45$
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, were applied to get the numerical solutions to the dynamic problems and study the relative numerical performance of the two contact description methods. To complete the railway vehicle model, both contact methods were implemented for the multibody model of a benchmark railway vehicle (the Manchester wagon 1). Numerical results were obtained for different railway tracks with and without irregularities. Profiles of the S1002 wheel and LB-140-Area rail, which demonstrate the two-point contact phenomenon, were considered. Both methods were implemented in Matlab and validated against commercial simulation software. The kinematic results for both approaches show good agreement, but the KEC method was up to 20% more efficient than the LUT method regardless of integrator used.
The role of family firm specific resources in innovation: an integrative literature review and framework
Authors: Heider Anne , Hülsbeck Marcel , von Schlenk-Barnsdorf Leopold 
Published: January 2022

AbstractFamily firms are the prevalent form of entrepreneurial organizations worldwide. While even long-lasting and successful family firms are said to invest less in innovation, their innovation output varies according to their heterogeneity often matching or even exceeding the output of other incumbent firms. These contradictory results have confused entrepreneurship and innovation researchers alike. Based on an integrative literature review we develop a conceptual framework to explain the role of family firm specific resources for innovation. Our analysis of 48 peer-reviewed empirical articles drawn from a body of 466 published empirical papers shows how our integrative perspective helps to solve these existing contradictions. We argue that higher investments into these family firm specific resources trigger a virtuous circle in family firm innovation.
Perceiving reduced physical activity during COVID-19 lockdown is related to lower quality of life: a cross-sectional study with young adults
Authors: Niermann Christina , Bollenbach Lukas , Kanning Martina 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPhysical activity and social participation are positively related to mental health and represent resources that strengthen individuals’ resilience. However, the measures aiming to contain the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic included restrictions regarding these health resources. For many people, stay-at-home orders had a negative effect on mental health and health-related behaviors such as physical activity. Young adults seem to be a particularly vulnerable group. The study aimed to examine the relationship between changes in physical activity and perceived quality of life in young adults during lockdown conditions. We conducted an online survey during the second lockdown in Germany and assessed perceived changes in physical activity, social activities, quality of life (QoL), the perceived burden of changes in social activities, and current QoL in 212 young adults (63.7% women, mean age = 23.46, standard deviation = 3.63). Young adults that maintained or increased their physical activity level under lockdown conditions, rated their current QoL higher and perceived a less negative change of their QoL during lockdown compared to those with decreased physical activity. Furthermore, those who rated that their physical activity levels did not change or increased, perceived the reduction of their social activities as less burdening. The results indicate that physical activity is a beneficial health resource during lockdown conditions. This highlights the importance of gaining knowledge regarding the antecedents of reducing physical activity and developing strategies that support young adults to be physically active in challenging times such as the pandemic (e.g. ehealth/mhealth approaches).
Efficient Access Method for Multi-access Edge Servers in Dynamic Map Systems
Authors: Hosono Kohei , Maki Akihiko , Watanabe Yousuke , Takada Hiroaki , Sato Kenya 
Published: January 2022

AbstractResearch and development on connected cars equipped with communication functions is being conducted, and dynamic maps are being researched and developed as an information and communication platform for cooperative automatic driving. There is a concern about scalability when dynamic maps are constructed on a cloud server to aggregate a wide range of vehicle information. The problem can be alleviated by deploying edge servers that divide the geographic area where vehicles travel and manage each of them. The IP addresses of the edge servers need to be resolved on the basis of the location information of the moving vehicles. Using TCP improves reliability but reduces efficiency because the vehicles move. In this study, we developed a novel method for accessing edge servers that achieves higher reliability and efficiency by adopting UDP using anycast for transmission from vehicle to edge server and implementing a retransmission function. The effectiveness of this access method was verified by using a vehicle driving simulation.
Auswirkungen des COVID-19-Lockdowns auf physische Leistungsparameter im professionellen Fußball
Authors: Friebe D. , Fischer M. , Giesche F. , Füzéki E. , Banzer W. 
Published: January 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Die staatlichen Maßnahmen zur Eindämmung des Coronavirus SARS-CoV‑2 im Jahr 2020 brachten den Trainings- und Wettkampfbetrieb im professionellen Fußball in vielen Ländern zum zeitweiligen Erliegen. In Folge des Lockdowns waren die Trainingsmöglichkeiten zumeist auf unspezifische heimbasierte Trainingsmethoden begrenzt. Es ist unklar, ob sich die fehlenden sportspezifischen Belastungsreize negativ auf die physische Leistungsfähigkeit der Fußballspielenden auswirkten.

Methodik
Im Rahmen eines narrativen Reviews wurde mittels einer selektiven Literaturrecherche in den Datenbanken PubMed, Google Scholar und BISp-Surf nach Studien gesucht, welche die Auswirkungen des Lockdowns auf physische Leistungsparameter bei erwachsenen professionellen Fußballspielenden untersuchten.

Ergebnisse
In die Übersichtsarbeit wurden sechs prospektive Längsschnittstudien eingeschlossen. In allen Studien kam während der Quarantäne ein heimbasiertes Ersatztraining zum Einsatz. Vier Studien verglichen die Leistungsfähigkeit der Fußballer/-innen mit Leistungsdaten aus vorherigen Spielzeiten. Zwei Studien ermittelten die Leistungsfähigkeit der Sportler/-innen unmittelbar vor und nach der Lockdownperiode.

Diskussion
Während die allgemeine Kraft- und Ausdauerleistung durch heimbasierte Ersatztrainingsprogramme erhalten werden kann, weisen die Studien darauf hin, dass sich die fehlenden spezifischen Belastungsreize vor allem negativ auf die Schnelligkeits- und Schnellkraftleistung der Fußballspielenden auswirken könnten. Bei Rückkehr in den regulären Trainingsbetrieb sollte daher auf eine progressive Belastungssteuerung insbesondere im Schnelligkeitstraining geachtet werden, um das Risiko für Verletzungen zu senken.
Comparison of Noble Gas Temperature with Recent Mean Annual Air and Soil Temperature in different regions of Hungary
Authors: Puskás-Preszner Anita , Szenász-Fekete Carmen , László Elemér , Kompár László , Hajnal Andor , Palcsu László 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis paper describes the relation of noble gas temperature (NGT) and mean annual air (MAAT) and soil (MAST) temperature through studying water samples and meteorological data from six Hungarian regions. Alluvial plains, hilly and mountainous regions were studied to investigate the effects of geomorphological, hydrogeological and micro-climatic conditions. Water samples were collected from springs and wells fed from different aquifers. Comparing NGTs derived from these water samples with the MAAT and MAST values of the given region, we identified differences between the sampled areas. In case of the Geresd Hills, Mezőföld, Danube-Tisza Interfluves and Nyírség, the NGTs (13.0 ± 0.9 °C, 12.1 ± 1.1 °C, 12.1 ± 0.6 °C and 12.7 ± 1.6 °C, respectively) generally reflect MAST, however in karstic Bükk Mts. (6.8 ± 0.6 °C) and Mecsek Mts. (10.7 ± 1.9 °C) they are closer to MAAT. Consequently, it can be concluded that the direct relationship between noble gas temperature and mean annual air temperature is not always as well-defined as it is often assumed. It is shown that MAAT and MAST should be distinguished, especially when using NGT as a paleoclimate proxy.
Enhanced graph recommendation with heterogeneous auxiliary information
Authors: Yin Fulian , Ji Meiqi , Wang Yanyan , Yao Zebin , Feng Xiaoli , Li Sitong 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe boom in the field of movies and TV programs, which is a kind of information overload, may lead to poor user experience and are detrimental to the healthy development of the industry, hence personalized program recommendation is crucial. Since program names, labels, and synopsis are highly condensed languages, to enable better semantic representations for personalized recommendations and enrich the completeness requirements of data resources, we propose an enhanced graph recommendation with heterogeneous auxiliary information (EGR-HA), focusing on auxiliary information knowledge representations, and graph neural network-based node updates. Firstly, multi-source heterogeneous auxiliary information knowledge is fused to supplement semantics of program and user to obtain initial representations that contain rich semantics, then user and program node embedding representations are aggregated in multiple layers through graph neural networks to model higher-order interaction history information and realize user and program representation update; finally, user viewing prediction is performed based on deep networks to realize personalized program recommendation. The final experiment results in indicators, such as normalized discounted cumulative gain (NDCG), hit rate (HR) and root mean square error (RMSE), verified the effectiveness of this method by comparing with various methods.
Fault-tolerant motion planning and generation of quadruped robots synthesised by posture optimization and whole body control
Authors: Cui Junwen , Li Zhan , Qiu Jing , Li Tianxiao 
Published: January 2022

AbstractQuadruped robots are likely to fall into the fault joint state in outdoor explorations. The unexpected joint lock may suddenly happen when quadruped robots are implementing normal gaits, and maintaining the primal movement patterns to finish targeted tasks could be disastrous. In this paper, a fault-tolerant motion planning and generation method for quadruped robots with joint lock is proposed. Fault-tolerant cases on three types of joints on legs are investigated, and equivalent geometric models are proposed to reconstruct kinematics. To make unnecessary deformation of gait patterns as small as possible, the body posture and standing height of quadruped robots are to be optimized based on the nonlinear equivalent geometry models with constraints. The proposed fault-tolerant method is applicable to constructing a quasi-static whole-body controller, and it does not require additional operations and constraints of the fault leg. To validate the consistency and stability of the proposed fault-tolerant method, the experiments are implemented on the three joint lock failure scenarios for quadruped robots.
The Use of Technology in Corporate Management and Reporting of Climate-Related Risks
Authors: Miglionico Andrea 
Published: January 2022

AbstractSustainable finance and climate change have emerged as areas of renewed interest in the wake of the global financial crisis, when the assessment of companies’ risk management was shown to be the key to the prevention of systemic disruption. While many aspects of corporate disclosures were radically and quickly revised following the crisis, even several years later commentators have pointed to a continuing pressure for improvement to regulatory requirements in relation to financial statements. Much of the debate focuses on the need for expedited operational execution of reporting information. Over the past decade significant advances have taken place in digital technologies, especially with respect to the security and processing of granular data. This article examines how these new technologies can be deployed in a manner that will address the need to eliminate the vulnerabilities of the climate risk management process, which requires standardisation of data in order to improve managerial decision-making and the desired outcomes. It further explores the use of technology to enhance the evaluation of climate change impact on company exposures, and to advance transparency in regulatory reporting for financial institutions. Technology applications such as automated language systems offer opportunities to align corporate disclosure with climate change policy objectives, which in turn can increase sustainability in the performance of companies’ activities.