bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Triple top quark production in standard model
Authors: Boos E. , Dudko L. 
Published: February 2022

In this paper, the triple top quark production processes have been investigated and calculated in the scope of the Standard Model. The cross-sections for different channels are provided for the proton–proton collision energies of [Formula: see text] and 100 TeV. The importance of the electroweak contribution has been demonstrated. For the main channels, the interference between the gluon and the weak bosons mediated contributions is negative and significant, therefore the complete set of diagrams has to be taken into account. Estimated total rates are about 1.9 fb for [Formula: see text] TeV and 530 fb for [Formula: see text] TeV. A simple estimation of the uncertainty of the calculated cross-sections gives about 20%. The integrated luminosity of 3 ab[Formula: see text] at HL-LHC allows expecting about 5700 events, giving a chance to detect this rare process.
СУЧАСНІ МЕТОДИКИ НАВЧАННЯ ПІД ЧАС ДИСТАНЦІЙНОГО ВИКЛАДАННЯ ФУНДАМЕНТАЛЬНИХ ДИСЦИПЛІН МЕДИЧНИХ СПЕЦІАЛЬНОСТЕЙ
Authors: Кваско О. Ю. , Кондаурова А. Ю. 
Published: February 2022

Поряд із традиційними технологіями навчання з’являються та активно розвиваються дистанційні методи, використання яких дозволяє навчати і навчатися в індивідуальному режимі, незалежно від місця і часу.
Мета роботи – висвітлення окремих питань, пов’язаних з організацією дистанційної викладацької роботи із вітчизняними англомовними студентами медичного закладу вищої освіти IV рівня акредитації на рівні фундаментальної кафедри.
Медична освіта та методики викладання медичних наук мають свої особливості. Зокрема, значну роль відіграє наочність викладання матеріалу та переважання саме практичних занять. Отже, дистанційне викладання медичних наук супроводжується складнощами, пов’язаними з проведенням практичних занять, наближених до реальних аудиторних занять з аналогічною ефективністю. Національний медичний університет імені О. О. Богомольця перейшов на дистанційне навчання з початком пандемії COVID-19 у березні 2020 р. Тоді було створено платформу Neuron, на зміну якій у січні 2021 р. прийшла інша платформа – Likar.nmu (обидві розроблені на базі системи управління навчанням Moodle). Введення в роботу зазначених платформ дало можливість уніфікувати процес дистанційної роботи в університеті та створити основу для перебудови викладання на інший формат.
Перехід закладів вищої освіти на дистанційне навчання стимулював стрімкий розвиток і освоєння новітніх технологій в освіті, зокрема розроблення онлайн-платформ для навчання, скринінг наявних додатків для проведення онлайн-конференцій та виявлення найбільш вдалих для викладання конкретної дисципліни, розроблення нових методик викладання з урахуванням особливостей дистанційної роботи тощо. Звісно, викладання медичних дисциплін має свої особливості, які важко перенести в дистанційний формат, і на початку введення дистанційного формату видавалося взагалі неможливим. Проте стрімкий розвиток технологій розкриває нові можливості, необхідно тільки встигати опановувати та адаптувати до тієї чи іншої навчальної дисципліни.
Навчання медичних наук також достатньо успішно може бути переведено в дистанційний формат. Цілком ймовірно, що після закінчення пандемії COVID-19 значна частина елементів дистанційної освіти може залишитись як складова аудиторних занять.
Al-Shāfiʿī Against the Kufan School
Authors: Melchert Christopher 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
One of the short works of al-Shāfiʿī (d. 204/820) is Ikhtilāf ʿAlī wa-ʿAbd Allāh ibn Masʿūd (“the disagreements of ʿAlī and ʿAbd Allāh ibn Masʿūd”). It comprises first quotations of the Companions ʿAlī and Ibn Masʿūd advocating rules that the Kufans reject, secondly counter-reports supporting the rules that al-Shāfiʿī advocates. It seems to be one of the earliest of al-Shāfiʿī’s works. It argues mainly by authority against an undifferentiated Kufan school. It testifies to a time when regional schools were predominant and legal reasoning primitive, also when divisions within Kufa, especially between adherents of raʾy and hadith, were less important than they seemed later. Its argument tends to imply that al-Shāfiʿī’s doctrine is better than the Kufans’ because it is eclectically based on the learning of all centers, suggesting that loyalty to a regional tradition was becoming an embarrassment.
The Emergence of the Kabbalah: Early Sefirotic Theosophy as a Response to Contemporary Theological Challenges
Authors: Weiss Tzahi 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This study offers a fresh view on one of the fundamental problems concerning the history of Jewish thought and religious discourse, namely, the cause for the sudden appearance of the Kabbalistic theosophy of the sefirot in the turn of the 13th century. Based on testimonies of 13th-century Kabbalistic and non-Kabbalistic authors, I show that the wide reception and rapid development of the sefirotic system in this period were due to the fact that it provided theological solutions to two acute difficulties with which contemporary believers and theologians struggled: first, rejection of the notion of divine providence over individuals, and second, enhancement of the Jewish worship of divine mediators.
The Parable of the Disappearing Gladiators: Interpreting a Late Antique Cultural Reference in Genesis Rabba’s Exposition of the Cain and Abel Narrative
Authors: Williams Benjamin 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
According to the mashal (parable) attributed to Shimʿon ben Yoḥai in Gen. Rab. 22:9, the murder of Abel (Gen 4:8–10) may be likened to a gladiator’s death in the arena. This article argues that the parable assumes the audience’s familiarity with gladiatorial shows, which came to an end in the early fifth century CE. Tracing the transmission of the mashal in Tanḥuma ha-Nidpas (Bereshit 9) and the earliest commentaries on Genesis Rabba, it further argues that the gladiatorial allusion was not understood after the demise of the games, and that the Tanḥuma’s version is a later reformulation. The preservation of the imagery in the earliest extant manuscripts of Genesis Rabba, despite the fact that it was not well-understood when they were produced, demonstrates the conservation of a reference to a late antique public institution in medieval copies and thus contributes to the knowledge of Genesis Rabba’s textual history.
(Re)Imagining the Church Through the Ordination Liturgy: Towards an Armenian Ressourcement
Authors: Shokhikyan Arman Gregory 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This case study of the presbyteral ordination service of the Orthodox Church of Armenia aims to uncover some aspects of the Armenian ecclesiological vision that lie buried under the neoscholastically-framed manuals of theology. By analyzing liturgical texts and comparing them with two theology manuals that are still influential, the paper, in the spirit of ressourcement, challenges the unexamined presuppositions of the handbooks through which ordination liturgy is currently understood. Furthermore, by focusing on the earlier and distinct aspects of the ordination liturgy, the paper excavates some neglected ecclesiological perspectives. In particular, the ressourcement approach allows us to rediscover some pneumatological aspects that can be a valuable theological resource for current ecclesiological discussions.
Diaconates in Transition: Enriching the Roman Catholic Permanent Diaconate from the Experience of the Church of England and British Methodism
Authors: Rowe Gareth L. M. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The Roman Catholic Church, the Church of England and the British Methodist Church have retained or restored the diaconate. These diaconates remain distinctive and capable of further change. This article uses a receptive ecumenical approach to ask what the Roman Catholic Church can learn or receive with integrity from the diaconate in the Church of England and British Methodism. The first section examines the reassessment of the diaconate of service by John N. Collins. The next two sections explore specific learning opportunities from the Church of England Distinctive Diaconate and the British Methodist Diaconal Order. The fourth section examines the way that British Methodism has become alert to the possibilities of unhealthy notions of diaconal service. The final section explores work towards the interchangeability of deacons, concluding that, in the development of the diaconate, the current historical moment provides opportunities for ecclesial learning and perhaps a step towards visible unity.
Resisting Authoritarian Populism
Authors: Scheuerman William E. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Authoritarian populism poses major challenges to democracy. Yet relatively little systematic political-theoretical or philosophical analysis has focused on how best to oppose or resist it. The present essay focuses on three possible approaches now being tentatively discussed. Some writers emphasize the possible virtues of civil disobedience, others are advocating a related yet broader strategy of civil resistance, and yet others abandon both “civil” approaches in favor of uncivil disobedience. Despite their many strengths, each approach suffers from weaknesses, in part because each responds incompletely to the challenges of authoritarian populism and its use of increasingly commonplace modes of “smart” repression. With ominous implications for those worried about democracy’s fate, populists are embracing coercive techniques designed to squelch dissent without generating public sympathy or a popular backlash.
Changes in antidepressant use in Australia: A nationwide analysis (2015–2021)
Authors: de Oliveira Costa Juliana , Gillies Malcolm B. , Schaffer Andrea L. , Peiris David , Zoega Helga , Pearson Sallie-Anne 
Published: February 2022

Background: Depression and anxiety affect 4–14% of Australians every year; symptoms may have been exacerbated during the COVID-19 pandemic. We examined recent patterns of antidepressant use in Australia in the period 2015–2021, which includes the first year of the pandemic. Methods: We used national dispensing claims for people aged ⩾10 years to investigate annual trends in prevalent and new antidepressant use (no antidepressants dispensed in the year prior). We conducted stratified analyses by sex, age group and antidepressant class. We report outcomes from 2015 to 2019 and used time series analysis to quantify changes during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic (March 2020–February 2021). Results: In 2019, the annual prevalence of antidepressant use was 170.4 per 1000 women and 101.8 per 1000 men, an increase of 7.0% and 9.2% from 2015, respectively. New antidepressant use also increased for both sexes (3.0% for women and 4.9% for men) and across most age groups, particularly among adolescents (aged 10–17 years; 46–57%). During the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic, we observed higher than expected prevalent use (+2.2%, 95% CI = [0.3%, 4.2%]) among females, corresponding to a predicted excess of 45,217 (95% CI = [5,819, 84,614]) females dispensed antidepressants. The largest increases during the first year of the pandemic occurred among female adolescents for both prevalent (+11.7%, 95% CI = [4.1%, 20.5%]) and new antidepressant use (+15.6%, 95% CI = [8.5%, 23.7%]). Conclusion: Antidepressant use continues to increase in Australia overall and especially among young people. We found a differential impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in treated depression and anxiety, greater among females than males, and greater among young females than other age groups, suggesting an increased mental health burden in populations already on a trajectory of increased use of antidepressants prior to the pandemic. Reasons for these differences require further investigation.
Management of recurrent acquired choanal atresia with radial forearm free flap transfer
Authors: Hirayama Haruyuki , Ishida Katsuhiro , Kishi Keita , Kodama Hiroki , Orgun Doruk , Miyawaki Takeshi 
Published: February 2022

Acquired choanal atresia is a rare complication of pharyngeal surgical interventions. Here, we report the case of a 72-year-old woman who was treated in our institution for acquired choanal atresia after failed previous treatments. We have excised the obstructing fibrotic scar tissue and then reconstructed the area using a mucosal local flap and free radial forearm flap transfer. Choanal stenosis caused by abnormal granulation was identified in the months after surgery; however, this was treated with endoscopic dilatation and steroid injections in the outpatient setting. No restenosis was identified 1 year after the operation. Postoperative evaluation of speech was satisfactory. Free flap transfer could be an option for refractory choanal atresia, and endoscopic dilatation with local steroid injections may be an effective method to treat postoperative restenosis.
Risk factors associated with poorer experiences of end-of-life care and challenges in early bereavement: Results of a national online survey of people bereaved during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Selman Lucy Ellen , Farnell DJJ , Longo M , Goss S , Seddon K , Torrens-Burton A , Mayland CR , Wakefield D , Johnston B , Byrne A , Harrop E 
Published: February 2022

Background: Experiences of end-of-life care and early bereavement during the COVID-19 pandemic are poorly understood. Aim: To identify clinical and demographic risk factors for sub-optimal end-of-life care and pandemic-related challenges prior to death and in early bereavement, to inform clinical practice, policy and bereavement support. Design: Online national survey of adults bereaved in the UK (deaths between 16 March 2020 and 2 January 2021), recruited via media, social media, national associations and organisations. Setting/participants: 711 participants, mean age 49.5 (SD 12.9, range 18–90). 628 (88.6%) were female. Mean age of the deceased was 72.2 (SD 16.1, range miscarriage to 102 years). 311 (43.8%) deaths were from confirmed/suspected COVID-19. Results: Deaths in hospital/care home increased the likelihood of poorer experiences at the end of life; for example, being unable to visit or say goodbye as wanted ( p < 0.001). COVID-19 was also associated with worse experiences before and after death; for example, feeling unsupported by healthcare professionals ( p < 0.001), social isolation/loneliness (OR = 0.439; 95% CI: 0.261–0.739), and limited contact with relatives/friends (OR = 0.465; 95% CI: 0.254–0.852). Expected deaths were associated with a higher likelihood of positive end-of-life care experiences. The deceased being a partner or child also increased the likelihood of positive experiences, however being a bereaved partner strongly increased odds of social isolation/loneliness, for example, OR = 0.092 (95% CI: 0.028–0.297) partner versus distant family member. Conclusions: Four clear risk factors were found for poorer end-of-life care and pandemic-related challenges in bereavement: place, cause and expectedness of death, and relationship to the deceased.
A rapid review of end-of-life needs in the LGBTQ+ community and recommendations for clinicians
Authors: Lintott Lisa , Beringer Robert , Do Annie , Daudt Helena 
Published: February 2022

Background: Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer plus (LGBTQ+) adults face challenges accessing end-of-life care. Understanding the experiences of LGBTQ+ persons within the end-of-life context is crucial in addressing their needs and supporting equity at end of life. Aim: Review recent literature documenting the experiences of LGBTQ+ adults nearing end-of-life, identifying needs, barriers to care, and translating this into clinical recommendations. Design: A rapid review design was chosen for prompt results. The process was streamlined by limiting the literature search to peer-reviewed articles, dissertations, theses, by date and language. Data collection used a predetermined set of items based on Meyer’s Minority Stress and Bronfenbrenner’s Ecological Models including participants’ voices, needs, and barriers. Thematic analysis of collected data was conducted and presented results in a narrative summary. Data Sources: We searched six electronic databases (PubMed, Medline, ProQuest Dissertations and Theses A&I, ProQuest Dissertations and Theses, Open Access Theses and Dissertations, CINAHL, and Google Scholar) for articles published from 2016 to 2020. Results: We included and appraised for quality 33 articles. We uncovered three latent themes: systemic barriers, a lack of lived experience within the literature, and treatment of LGBTQ+ as one homogeneous group. Conclusions: The hybrid Meyer’s Minority Stress and Bronfenbrenner Ecological model elucidated how stressors and social contexts may impact LGBTQ+ adults when accessing end-of-life care. Incorporating LGBTQ+ cultural competence training into continuing education and ensuring that LGBTQ+ individuals participate in the development of end-of-life care programming may better attend to the needs of this population.
Elevated Tacrolimus Levels at Time of Diagnosis of COVID-19 Compared to Baseline Among Hospitalized Organ Transplant Recipients
Authors: Mecadon Krista , Hardesty Anna , Vieira Kendra , Rogers Ralph , Merhi Basma , Osband Adena J. , Bayliss, MD George , Gohh Reginald , Morrissey Paul , Farmakiotis Dimitrios 
Published: February 2022

Background: The effect of COVID-19 on immunosuppressant drug levels in organ transplant recipients (OTRs) has not been adequately studied. Objective: To study the effect of COVID-19 on tacrolimus trough levels (primary outcome) in OTRs and the association of the later with acute kidney injury, bacterial infection, and oxygen requirements. Methods: We studied adult (>18-year-old) hospitalized OTRs with COVID-19, who were receiving tacrolimus between 3/1 and 12/16/2020. Results: Among 30 OTRs, 67% were men, 90% had a kidney transplant. Median age was 60.5 (interquartile range [IQR]: 45-68) years, median time from transplant 36 (IQR: 20-84) months. Tacrolimus troughs were higher on admission for COVID-19 than baseline (average over 6 months prior) ( P = .001). Eighteen patients (60%) had admission tacrolimus trough >10, 5 (17%) >20 ng/mL. Patients with diarrhea had borderline higher tacrolimus troughs, compared to those without diarrhea ( P = .09). Organ transplant recipients with a tacrolimus trough >10 ng/mL were more likely to have elevated aspartate aminotransferase on admission ( P = .01) and require supplemental oxygen. ( P = .026). Conclusion and Relevance: Tacrolimus trough levels were elevated in most OTRs with COVID-19 at the time of hospital admission, compared to baseline. Potential mechanisms are diarrhea and hepatic involvement in COVID-19. In OTRs with COVID-19, including outpatients, immunosuppressant drug levels should be closely followed; management of immunosuppression should be individualized.
Investigating Potential Drug-Drug Interactions in Pediatric and Adolescent Patients Receiving Chemotherapy
Authors: Daignault Chelsea , Sauer Hannah E. , Lindsay Holly , Alonzo Amy , Foster Jennifer 
Published: February 2022

Introduction Pediatric and adolescent oncology patients admitted to receive chemotherapy are at risk for drug-drug interactions (DDI). While adult literature has quoted this risk to be as high as 95% of encounters, the literature in pediatrics is limited. This is a single-center, retrospective chart review of DDI in hospitalized pediatric oncology patients. Methods All patients admitted to Texas Children's Hospital for chemotherapy were included. Medications ordered during the hospitalization were evaluated by Lexicomp® Drug Interactions Tool. Interactions classified as D or X or interactions rated a C including a chemotherapeutic agent were independently reviewed by three clinicians for clinical relevance. Medications associated with central nervous system (CNS) depression or QTc prolongation were counted separately. Results Of 100 admissions evaluated, 100% had a flagged interaction. There were a total of 12 X-rated interactions, 8 D-rated interactions, and 12 C-rated interactions with a chemotherapeutic agent found to be clinically relevant. Thirty-three percent of admissions had 4 or more QTc prolonging medications ordered. Twenty-four percent of admissions had 3 or more prescribed CNS depressants. In total 49% of admissions were found to have at least 1 clinically-significant DDI. Conclusions This study exemplifies the risk of drug-drug interactions in children and young adults admitted to the hospital for chemotherapy. We demonstrated a high rate of flagged interactions with about half of admissions found to have a potentially clinically-significant DDI. Concomitant use of multiple QTc prolonging and CNS depressant medications was also prevalent, indicating a need to evaluate monitoring practices.
Angioscopic Findings of Stenosis Versus Occlusion in Femoropopliteal Artery Disease
Authors: Tashiro Kazuma , Mori Hiroyoshi , Tezuka Takahiro , Omura Ayumu , Wada Daisuke , Sone Hiromoto , Takei Yosuke , Sasai Masahiro , Sato Tokutada , Suzuki Hiroshi 
Published: February 2022

Background: Despite the increase in the number of patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD), the pathophysiology is not fully elucidated. Recently, angioscopy with a 0.48-megapixel equivalent resolution camera became available for patients with PAD. We aimed to compare the plaque component between native stenosis and occlusion in the femoropopliteal artery using this modality. Materials and Methods: Thirty-two consecutive patients who underwent endovascular treatment for native femoropopliteal artery disease with angioscopy were studied. The major angioscopic classifications of each lesion were defined as follows: atheromatous plaque (AP) was defined as luminal narrowing without any protrusion, calcified nodule (CN) was defined as a protruding bump with surface irregularity, a mainly reddish thrombus was defined as organizing thrombus (OG), and organized thrombus (OD) was defined by more than half of the thrombus showing a whitish intima-like appearance. Results: A total of 34 lesions (stenosis, n=18; occlusion, n=16) from 32 patients were included. All stenotic lesions showed AP or CN (n=8 [44%], n=10 [56%], respectively), whereas all occluded lesions showed OG or OD (n=5 [31%], n=11 [69%], respectively), which amounted to a statistically significant difference (p<0.001). In occluded lesions, stiff wires (>3 g) were required to cross all lesions classified as OD, whereas this was not always necessary for lesions classified as OG (11 [100%] of 11, 1 [25%] of 5, respectively; p=0.04). Yellow color plaques were observed to a similar degree in all angioscopic classifications. Major adverse limb events, defined as amputation and any reintervention at 12 months, were highly variable, depending on the angioscopic findings, and tended to be more frequently observed in CN and OD (13% in AP, 40% in CN, 0% in OT, and 36% in OD, p=0.25). Conclusion: Angioscopy revealed varying components in stenosis and occlusion with different degrees of clinical impact. This may provide new information on the pathophysiology of PAD.