bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Confidentiality
Authors: Scherer Maxi , Allen Prince Nathalie 
Published: July 2022

Article 40: Confidentiality
40.1 Confidential information disclosed during the arbitration by the parties or by witnesses shall not be divulged by the parties, by an arbitrator, by any emergency arbitrator, by any expert to the arbitral tribunal, by any secretary of the arbitral tribunal, or by the Chamber (including its officers and employees). Unless otherwise agreed in writing by the parties or required by applicable law, the members of the arbitral tribunal, any emergency arbitrator, any expert to the arbitral tribunal, any secretary of the arbitral tribunal, and the Chamber (including its officers and employees) shall keep confidential all matters relating to the arbitration or the award.
40.2 An award may be made public only with the consent of all parties or as required by law, except that the Chamber may publish or otherwise make publicly available selected awards, orders, decisions and rulings that have become public in the course of enforcement or otherwise and, unless otherwise agreed in writing by the parties, may publish selected awards, orders, decisions, and rulings that have been edited to conceal the names of the parties and other identifying details.
40.3 Unless the parties agree in writing otherwise, the arbitral tribunal may make orders concerning the confidentiality of the arbitration or any matters in connection with the arbitration and may take measures for protecting trade secrets and confidential information.
Limitation of Liability
Authors: Bienvenu Pierre 
Published: July 2022

Article 41: Limitation of liability
41.1 None of the members of the arbitral tribunal, any secretary of the arbitral tribunal, any emergency arbitrator, any expert to the arbitral tribunal, and the Chamber (including its officers and employees) shall be liable to any party for any act or omission in connection with any arbitration conducted under these Rules, except where such act or omission is shown by that party to be the consequences of conscious and deliberate wrongdoing, or to the extent that any part of this limitation of liability is shown to be prohibited by any applicable law.
41.2 None of the members of the arbitral tribunal, any secretary of the arbitral tribunal, any emergency arbitrator, any expert to the arbitral tribunal, and the Chamber (including its officers and employees) shall be under any legal obligation to make any statement about the arbitration, and no party shall seek to make any of these persons a party or witness in any judicial or other proceedings relating to the arbitration.
ICSID and Investor-State Petroleum Disputes in the MENA Region
Authors: Parra Antonio R. 
Published: July 2022

MENA countries have long been important participants in the ICSID system. Several ICSID “firsts” are associated with MENA countries: the first signatory of the ICSID Convention, the first ICSID case, and the first “arbitration without privity.”
This note examines the current (as of the end of 2020) ICSID caseload of MENA countries, including the sectoral distribution of the cases. Paradoxically, for a region so rich in petroleum resources, relatively few of the cases have involved oil and gas disputes.The note discusses possible reasons for this. It concludes by suggesting that in appropriate cases MENA countries might find ICSID’s proposed new mediation mechanism an attractive option for the settlement of petroleum investment disputes.
Staništa i sezonske migracije divokoze (Rupicapra rupicapra balcanica, Bolkay 1925) u posebnom lovištu ”Zelengora” i nacionalnom parku “Sutjeska”
Authors: Sekulić Željko , Kunovac Saša , Paprica Bojan 
Published: July 2022

Balkanska divokoza (Rupicapra r. balcanica, Bolkay 1925) naseljava određena planinska područja i pojedine kanjone rijeka Bosne i Hercegovine, pa tako i Posebno lovište „Zelengora“ i Nacionalni park „Sutjeska“. Veoma je skromna u pogledu ishrane, ali je zahtjevna u pogledu staništa gdje mir u staništu važi kao jedan od glavnih faktora za njen opstanak i vjernost staništu.
Neka od najznačajnijih staništa divokoza u Bosni i Hercegovini su Zelengora, Treskavica, Visočica, Bjelašnica, Prenj, Čvrsnica, Vran, Šator, Gnjat, Kamenica, Sušica, kao i kanjoni rijeka Une, Ugra, Tare, Drine, Sutjeske, Hrčavke i dr. Mnoga od navedenih staništa su devastirana tokom devedesetih godina prošlog stoljeća, kada su usljed građanskog rata većina tih staništa desetkovana u pogledu brojnosti mnogih divljih vrsta, pa tako i divokoze. Iako navedena staništa pružaju veoma dobre stanišne uslove u cjelokupnim planinskim masivima i kanjonima pojedinih planinskih rijeka, divokoze uvijek teže ka izboru najboljih i najpogodnijih lokacija u tim područjima za izbor svakodnevnih i sezonskih životnih potreba. Upravo prema navedenom, staništa divokoza variraju u pogledu karakteristika, a njena rasprostranjenost je određena specifičnim zahtjevima u pogledu biotopa i veoma je bitno da u svom staništu može ostvariti vertikalne i horizontalne migracije. Migracije su izraženije sa promjenama godišnjih doba, pa se tako zimi spuštaju u niže stanišne predjele gdje lakše pronalaze hranu, da bi sa topljenjem snijegova vertikalnim pravcima ponovo zauzimale najviša područja u svom staništu.
Upravo iz navedenih razloga smo u radu prezentovali tačno određene lokalitete koji predstavljaju najvažnija staništa i glavne migracione puteve divokoza u Posebnom lovištu „Zelengora“ i Nacionalnom parku „Sutjeska“.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN INTERAKTIF BERBASIS POWERPOINT PADA MATA PELAJARAN DASAR DESAIN GRAFIS SISWA KELAS X TKJ SMK NURUL HUDA KAPONGAN TAHUN AJARAN 2020-2021
Authors: Khotijah Tije Siti , Shofan Razaqi Rahmat , Ayani Suparto Arico 
Published: July 2022

Berdasarkan data prapenelitian yang dilakukan, peneliti menemukan permasalahan bahwa pembelajaran Dasar Desain Grafis dilakukan dengan metode ceramah dengan di dukung media buku paket Dasar Desain Grafis, dengan metode ceramah yang monoton, penggunaan media yang kurang bervariasi dan menarik membuat siswa kurang berminat untuk belajar. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengembangan media pembelajaran interaktif berbasis PowerPoint dan respon siswa terhadap media pembelajaran interaktif berbasis PowerPoint pada mata pelajaran Dasar Desain Grafis kelas X TKJ SMK Nurul Huda Kapongan. Jenis penelitian ini adalah Research and Development (R&D). Model pengembangan yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah model Waterfall yang memiliki 5 tahapan yaitu tahap : Analisis Kebutuhan, Desain Produk, Validasi, Uji Coba Produk dan Pemeliharaan. Teknik pengambilan sampel pada penelitian ini adalah sampling jenuh, yakni seluruh siswa kelas X TKJ SMK Nurul Huda Kapongan. Teknik pengumpulan data pada penelitian adalah observasi, wawancara dan angket. Hasil penelitian menunujukkkan bahwa media pembelajaran interaktif berbasis PowerPoint berdasarkan ahli materi mendapatkan kategori layak dengan skor rata-rata 51 dan ahli media mendapatkan kategori layak dengan skor rata-rata 55. Berdasarkan respon siswa media pembelajaran interaktif berbasis PowerPoint mendapatkan kategori setuju dengan skor rata-rata 38,35. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa media pembelajaran interaktif berbasis PowerPoint layak untuk digunakan sebagai media pembelajaran.
PENGARUH PEMBELAJARAN GOOGLE CLASSROOM TERHADAP MINAT BELAJAR SISWA KELAS IX SMP NURUL HUDA
Authors: Febiyanto Romy , Jaya Firman , Dari Astin 
Published: July 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pembelajaran berbasis multimedia menggunakan google classroom terhadap minat belajar siswa kelas IX SMP Nurul Huda kapongan tahun pelajaran 2020/2021. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas IX di SMP Nurul Huda Kapongan yang terdiri dari 20 orang siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah Obsevasi, Wawancara, Dokumentasi dan Angket. Analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan analisis regresi linier sederhana dengan one way anova. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh positif pembelajaran multimedia menggunkan Google Classroom pada mata pelajaran TIK bab Microsoft word di SMP Nurul Huda kapongan tahun pelajaran 2020/2021. Hal ini ditunjukkan dengan hasil regresi linier sederhana. Adapun hasil regresi linier sederhana yaitu korelasi antara variabel X dan variabel Y rendah dan hasil dari perhitungan, diperoleh t-hitung=1,323 dan t-tabel=1,318 sehingga t-hitung=1,323 > t-tabel=1.318. Dengan demikian berdasarkan kriteria pengujian uji – t, h-1 diterima h-o ditolak artinya berdasarkan hipotesis awal H1 terdapat pengaruh pembelajaran multimedia menggunakan Google Classroom terhadap minat belajar siswa
Pengembangan LKPD Berbasis Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) Pada Materi Relasi dan Fungsi
Authors: Ramadani Bina 
Published: July 2022

Permasalahan yang melatarbelakangi penelitian ini adalah dalam proses pembelajaran guru sudah memanfaatkan buku paket dan menggunakan LKPD dari internet. Namun guru belum membuat LKPD secara mandiri yang berbasis HOTS. Oleh karena itu, salah satu upaya yang dapat dilakukan adalah dengan mengembangkan LKPD yang dapat menunjang pengetahuan peserta didik dan dirancang agar dapat berpikir tingkat tinggi dalam memecahkan masalah dalam kehidupan sehari-hari, sehingga peneliti berinisiatif untuk mengembangkan LKPD berbasis HOTS. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kelayakan LKPD berbasis HOTS dan untuk mengetahui respon peserta didik terhadap LKPD berbasis HOTS yang dikembangkan. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian dan pengembangan yang mengacu pada model ADDIE. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah lembar validasi dan angket peserta didik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) kelayakan LKPD berbasis HOTS yang dinilai oleh ahli media berada pada kategori sangat layak (86,6%), ahli materi juga berada pada kategori layak (83%), (2) tanggapan peserta didik terhadap LKPD berbasis HOTS memperoleh persentase rata-rata sebesar 82,5% termasuk dalam kategori sangat tertarik. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa LKPD berbasis HOTS yang dikembangkan dapat digunakan sebagai bahan belajar dalam proses pembelajaran.
COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF WOUND HEALING FOLLOWING GINGIVECTOMY USING DIODE LASER AND ERBIUM, CHROMIUM-DOPED YTTRIUM, SCANDIUM, GALLIUM AND GARNET (Er:Cr:YSGG) LASER–IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING FIXED ORTHODONTIC TREATMENT-A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL.
Authors: Inchara Naidu  
Published: July 2022

Aim:
The aim of the current study is to compare the healing following gingivectomy procedures using the Diode system and Er:Cr:YSGG lasers in patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment.
Methodology:
The study is a single center randomized controlled clinical study with a sample size of 40 patients who underwent gingivectomy using lasers. The patients were divided into two groups randomly (Group A= 20 and Group B= 20). Group A patients had undergone gingivectomy using diode laser (BIOLASE EPIC X,940 nm) and Group B patients had undergone gingivectomy using Er:Cr:YSGG laser (Waterlase,2780nm). The patients were followed at day3, day 7 and day 14. The wound healing was assessed post laser application using a healing index by Landry et al at different time intervals. Data were entered in Microsoft Excel spreadsheet and analyzed using SPSS software (IBM SPSS Statistics, Version 20.0, Armonk, NY: IBM Corp.). Independent t test was used to compare the mean healing index score between the groups. Repeated measures ANOVA and Post hoc Bonferroni test was used for comparison of mean healing index scores of Group A and B at different time periods
Result:
When comparing the healing index at day 3 between the groups, there was no significant difference between the diode laser and erbium laser group (P = 0.24). Similarly at day 7 and at day 14, there were no significant differences between the groups (P= 0.20), (P= 0.18) at day 7 and day 14 respectively. When comparing the healing index score of gingivectomy with diode laser between different time intervals, there was a statistically significant healing was seen at day 14 (P = 0.001). The healing at day 14 was significantly better than day 3 and day 7 in the erbium laser group (P =0.001).
Conclusion:
Within study limits it is concluded that Er:Cr:YSGG lasers have better healing compared to diode lasers following laser assisted gingivectomy although the results are not statistically significant. Thus, the use of laser is an effective treatment approach in the management of orthodontic associate gingival enlargement.
Challenges Confronting Postgraduate Supervision at the National University of Lesotho:
Authors: Tlali Tebello , Chere-Masopha Julia , Sebatane Edith , Khalanyane Tankie 
Published: July 2022

Postgraduate supervision can be a challenging form of teaching, with the challenges further compounded by context or institutional-specific factors.The Faculty of Education at the National University of Lesotho has faced numerous challenges in offering postgraduate degrees, with a few qualified supervisors for the large number of students who enroll in these programmes. This study explored the nature of the challenges confronting postgraduate supervision in this context. It was underpinned by the interpretivist paradigm and employed a qualitative approach. Fifteen supervisors participated, of whom nine (three associate professors and six senior lecturers) were individually interviewed. Six junior lecturers took part in a focus group discussion. Guidelines on postgraduate supervision were also subjected to document review. The findings revealed that while some supervisors had positive experiences, others are frustrated. This is due to a lack of training, and lack of clarity on supervisory procedures, as well as the low academic literacy and lack of commitment exhibited by some students. It is recommended that supervisors should be capacitated through training. Furthermore, supervisory guidelines should be reviewed and benchmarked against best practices in the field.
Key words: Postgraduate supervision, constructivism, reflective practice, supervisory guidelines, challenges in supervisory practice
Experimental evaluation of absolute quantification in 99mTc‐TRODAT‐1 SPECT/CT brain dopamine transporter (DAT) studies
Authors: Zainudin Norasma Amira , Zulkifli Nadiah , Hamid Khadijah , Hashim Hazlin , Mansor Syahir 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the quantitative accuracy of clinical brain dopamine transporters (DAT) investigations utilizing 99mTc‐TRODAT‐1 single‐photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)/computed tomography (CT) in experimental and clinical settings.Materials and methodsThe study used an experimental phantom evaluation and a clinical dataset. Three‐dimensional‐ordered subsets expectation–maximization reconstructed the original and resampled datasets using attenuation correction, scatter correction, and resolution recovery. The reconstructed data were analyzed and reported as percentage difference, standardized uptake value reference (SUVr), and a coefficient of variation (CoV). The Taguchi method tested the impact of the three different parameters on signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) and SUVr, including number iteration, Poisson resampling, and phantom setup, with and without the plaster of Paris (POP). Six 99mTc‐TRODAT‐1 SPECT/CT scans were acquired in healthy subjects for verification purposes.ResultsThe percentage activity difference between the phantom with and without POP is 20% and 5%, respectively. The SUVr reveals a 10% underestimate for both with and without POP. When it comes to the influence of Poisson resampling, the SUVr value for 75% Poisson resampling indicates 10% underestimation on both sides of the caudate and putamen area, with and without POP. When 25% of Poisson resampling is applied, the SUVr value is overestimated (±35%). In the Taguchi analysis, iteration numbers were the most dominant factor with the F‐value of 9.41 and the contribution rate of 52.66% (p < 0.05) for SNR. In comparison, F‐value of 9.1 for Poisson resampled with contribution rate of 58.91% (p < 0.05) for SUVr. Reducing counts by 25% from the original dataset resulted in a minimal bias in SUVr, compared to 50% and 75%.ConclusionThe optimal absolute SPECT/CT quantification of brain DAT studies using 99mTc‐TRODAT‐1 appears achievable with at least 4i10s and SUVr as the surrogate parameter. In clinical investigations, it is possible to reduce the recommended administered dose by up to 25% while maintaining accurate measurement.
Composition‐Dependent Morphology, Structure, and Catalytical Performance of Nickel–Iron Layered Double Hydroxide as Highly‐Efficient and Stable Anode Catalyst in Anion Exchange Membrane Water Electrolysis
Authors: Jiang Wulyu , Faid Alaa Y. , Gomes Bruna Ferreira , Galkina Irina , Xia Lu , Lobo Carlos Manuel Silva , Desmau Morgane , Borowski Patrick , Hartmann Heinrich , Maljusch Artjom , Besmehn Astrid , Roth Christina , Sunde Svein , Lehnert Werner , Shviro Meital 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWater splitting is an environmentally friendly strategy to produce hydrogen but is limited by the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop highly efficient electrocatalysts. Here, NiFe layered double hydroxides (NiFe LDH) with tunable Ni/Fe composition exhibit corresponding dependent morphology, layered structure, and chemical states, leading to higher activity and better stability than that of conventional NiFe LDH‐based catalysts. The characterization data show that the low overpotentials (249 mV at 10 mA cm–2), ultrasmall Tafel slopes (24 mV dec–1), and high current densities of Ni3Fe LDH result from the larger fraction of trivalent Fe3+ and the optimized local chemical environment with more oxygen coordination and ordered atomic structure for the metal site. Owing to the active intermediate species, Ni(Fe)OOH, under OER conditions and a reversible dynamic phase transition during the cycling process, the Ni3Fe LDH achieves a high current density of over 2 A cm–2 at 2.0 V, and durability of 400 h at 1 A cm–2 in a single cell test. This work provides insights into the relationship between the composition, electronic structure of the layer, and electrocatalytic performance, and offers a scalable and efficient strategy for developing promising catalysts to support the development of the future hydrogen economy.
Parallelism to Conquer: Binary Supramolecular Peptide Amphiphiles Launch Synergistic Stromal Reprogramming to Remove the Baffle in Pancreatic Cancer Therapy
Authors: Zhang Weiqi , Zhan Jie , Zhao Ruizhi , Xu Yangping , Zeng Yinghua , Xiao Qiuqun , Ye Wenyu , Wu Yuanyuan , Cai Yanbin , Fang Chihua 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn pancreatic cancer, the activation of quiescent pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) is a critical event that leads to a characteristic dense desmoplastic stroma. The fibrotic network resulting from the bidirectional cross talk between pancreatic cancer cells (PCCs) and PSCs creates a complex tumor microenvironment that considerably hinders drug delivery and penetration. To improve pancreatic cancer treatment, a promising parallelization strategy with cross‐action property is urgently required that can simultaneously act on PCCs and PSCs to normalize activated PSCs (aPSCs), that is reverse them back to quiescent phenotype. Herein, a novel parallelization delivery system (CoA‐A&B‐γPGA) with dual‐pathway PSC quiescence restoration functions is designed. Metformin downregulates the secretion of transforming growth factor‐beta in PCCs, and all‐trans‐retinoic acid re‐educates aPSCs. CoA‐A&B‐γPGA thus induces aPSC quiescence and homeostatic restoration of desmoplastic stroma in vitro and in vivo. Importantly, CoA‐A&B‐γPGA exhibits deep penetration, improved accumulation and long‐term retention, and enhanced combination chemotherapy effects in multicellular spheroid and xenograft models. Furthermore, this dual‐targeting and co‐delivery system shows high specificity and sensitivity for detecting pancreatic cancer in patient samples. The innovative but simple peptide amphiphile co‐assembly strategy provides a new paradigm to design desired nanomedicines for stroma‐enriched pancreatic cancer therapy.
Highly Efficient and Stable Saline Water Electrolysis Enabled by Self‐Supported Nickel‐Iron Phosphosulfide Nanotubes With Heterointerfaces and Under‐Coordinated Metal Active Sites
Authors: Yu Zhipeng , Li Yifan , Martin‐Diaconescu Vlad , Simonelli Laura , Ruiz Esquius Jonathan , Amorim Isilda , Araujo Ana , Meng Lijian , Faria Joaquim Luis , Liu Lifeng 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDirect seawater electrolysis is proposed as a potential low‐cost approach to green hydrogen production, taking advantage of the vastly available seawater and large‐scale offshore renewable energy being deployed. However, developing efficient, earth‐abundant electrocatalysts that can survive under harsh corrosive conditions for a long time is still a significant technical challenge. Herein, the fabrication of a self‐supported nickel‐iron phosphosulfide (NiFeSP) nanotube array electrode through a two‐step sulfurization/phosphorization approach is reported. The as‐obtained NiFeSP nanotubes comprise abundant NiFeS/NiFeP heterointerfaces and under‐coordinated metal sites, exhibiting outstanding activity and durability for the hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions (HER and OER) in simulated alkaline‐seawater solution (KOH + NaCl), with an overpotential of 380 (HER) and 260 mV (OER) at 500 mA cm‐2 and outstanding durability of 1000 h. Theoretical calculations support the observed outstanding performance, showing that the heterointerface and under‐coordinated metal sites synergistically lower the energy barrier of the rate‐determining step reactions. The NiFeSP electrode also shows good catalytic performance for the urea oxidation reaction (UOR). By coupling UOR with HER, the bifunctional NiFeSP electrode pair can efficiently catalyze the overall urea‐mediated alkaline‐saline water electrolysis at 500 mA cm‐2 under 1.938 V for 1000 h without notable performance degradation.
Targeted Recruitment and Degradation of Estrogen Receptor α by Photothermal Polydopamine Nanoparticles for Breast Tumor Ablation
Authors: Zhang Yu , Ding Xin , Xie Fei , Gao Mingjie , Qiu Julu , Wang Ziwei , Qing Luolong , Yan Jiaqi , Peng Na , Li Yuanyuan , Xu Juan , Cai Qi , Jin YuHua , Jiao Yuanhong , Liu Yi , He Huan , Zhang Silong 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe major challenges of photothermal therapy (PTT) toward clinical application are the severe skin injury and inflammation response associated with high power laser irradiation. Herein, polydopamine nanoparticles (PDA‐EST and PDA‐RAL) targeted to estrogen receptor α (ERα) for efficient ablation of breast tumor under a low irradiation density of 0.1 W cm–2 are reported. These nanoparticles are capable of recruiting ERα on their surface and induce a complete ERα degradation via localized heat. Owing to the ERα targetability, PDA‐EST and PDA‐RAL strongly suppress the proliferation of breast cancer cells without causing significant inflammation. This work provides a generalized method for enhancing PTT efficacy under low irradiation density.