bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative efficacy of advanced treatments in biologic-naïve or biologic-experienced patients with ulcerative colitis: a systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Lu Xiaoyan , Jarrett James , Sadler Susannah , Tan Min , Dennis James , Jairath Vipul 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Only one head-to-head comparison of advanced treatments in moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis (UC) has been published; therefore, there remains a need for further comparisons.

Aim
The relative treatment effects of filgotinib and adalimumab, golimumab, infliximab, tofacitinib, ustekinumab and vedolizumab were estimated using a network meta-analysis (NMA).

Method
Systematically identified studies (MEDLINE, Embase and Cochrane Library; searched: inception–May 2019, updated November 2020) investigating treatments for moderately to severely active UC were re-evaluated for inclusion in a Bayesian NMA (fixed-effects model). Relative treatment effects were estimated using different permutations of patient population (biologic-naïve or biologic-experienced), treatment phase (induction or maintenance) and outcomes (MCS response/remission or endoscopic mucosal healing).

Results
Seventeen trials (13 induction; 9 maintenance) were included in the NMA; 8 treatment networks were constructed. Most targeted therapies were superior to placebo in terms of MCS response/remission and endoscopic mucosal healing; filgotinib 200 mg was similar to most other treatments. Infliximab 5 mg/kg was superior to filgotinib 200 mg (biologic-naïve; induction) for MCS response/remission (mean relative effect, 0.34 [95% credible interval: 0.05, 0.62]). Filgotinib 200 mg was superior to adalimumab 160/80/40 mg for MCS response/remission (biologic-experienced; induction; – 0.75 [– 1.16, – 0.35]), and endoscopic mucosal healing (biologic-naïve; maintenance; – 0.90 [– 1.89, – 0.01]); and to golimumab 50 mg every 4 weeks (biologic-naïve; maintenance; – 0.46 [– 0.94, 0]) for MCS response/remission.

Conclusion
The current treatment landscape benefits patients with moderately to severely active UC, improving key outcomes; filgotinib 200 mg was similar to current standard of care in most outcomes.
Load-Bearing Capacities and Fracture Modes of Self-Piercing-Riveted, Adhesive-Bonded and Riv-Bonded Aluminum Joints at Quasi-Static and Cyclic Loadings
Authors: Domitner Josef , Silvayeh Zahra , Predan Jožef , Auer Peter , Stippich Jennifer , Sommitsch Christof , Gubeljak Nenad 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe load-bearing capacities of (i) self-piercing-riveted, (ii) adhesive-bonded and (iii) hybrid riv-bonded lap joints of commercial 1.5-mm-thick EN AW-6016-T4 sheets were compared under both quasi-static and cyclic shear-tensile loads. The joints were heat-treated to cure the adhesive and to peak-age the aluminum alloy. The joint quality/integrity was assessed based on characteristic cross-sectional features and hardness maps. Riveted joints showed notably lower static strength and fatigue performance than riv-bonded joints. Hence, the adhesive layer provided the main contribution to both the static and the cyclic load-bearing capacities of riv-bonded joints, whereas rivets contributed only little. However, if bonding was insufficient the potential capacity of the joints could not be exploited. Under quasi-static loading fracture occurred at the joint; therefore, joints of high quality/integrity were important. Even under cyclic loading at high load amplitudes fracture occurred at the joint, but at comparatively low load amplitudes fracture rather occurred at the sheets next to the joint. Hence, the joint quality/integrity mainly determines the static fracture and the low-cycle fatigue fracture, whereas the sheet properties mainly determine the high-cycle fatigue fracture.
Kreativressource, sozialer Kitt oder (selbst-)kritische Kulturproduktion?
Authors: Menrath Stefanie Kiwi 
Published: December 2022

ZusammenfassungIm Beitrag wird Kulturarbeit als Aufgabenbereich der Sozialen Arbeit mit unterschiedlichen Ansatzpunkten von Subjekt- bis Gesellschaftsbezug vorgestellt. Politisch wurde das Praxisfeld „Kulturelle Bildung“ – zwischen Sozialer Arbeit, Kunst, Kultur und Bildung – seit den 2000er Jahren mit der Kompensation von Bildungs- und Integrationsdefiziten beauftragt. Um sich von diesem kompensatorischen Blick zu lösen, wird im Beitrag ein Rückbezug auf das (selbst-)kritisch-emanzipatorische Theorieprojekt der Cultural Studies vorgeschlagen, das eine aktivistisch-kritische Auseinandersetzung mit Kultur theoretisch fundiert und deren Eigenwert betont.
History of Protein Data Bank Japan: standing at the beginning of the age of structural genomics
Authors: Kurisu Genji , Bekker Gert-Jan , Nakagawa Atsushi 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Prof. Haruki Nakamura, who is the former head of Protein Data Bank Japan (PDBj) and an expert in computational biology, retired from Osaka University at the end of March 2018. He founded PDBj at the Institute for Protein Research, together with other faculty members, researchers, engineers, and annotators in 2000, and subsequently established the worldwide Protein Data Bank (wwPDB) in 2003 to manage the core archive of the Protein Data Bank (PDB), collaborating with RCSB-PDB in the USA and PDBe in Europe. As the former head of PDBj and also an expert in structural bioinformatics, he has grown PDBj to become a well-known data center within the structural biology community and developed several related databases, tools and integrated with new technologies, such as the semantic web, as primary services offered by PDBj.
Translational Molecular Imaging Tool of Vulnerable Carotid Plaque: Evaluate Effects of Statin Therapy on Plaque Inflammation and American Heart Association–Defined Risk Levels in Cuff-Implanted Apolipoprotein E–Deficient Mice
Authors: Chan Joyce M. S. , Park Sung-Jin , Ng Michael , Chen Way Cherng , Chan Wan Ying , Bhakoo Kishore , Chong Tze Tec 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIdentification of high-risk carotid plaques in asymptomatic patients remains a challenging but crucial step in stroke prevention. The challenge is to accurately monitor the development of high-risk carotid plaques and promptly identify patients, who are unresponsive to best medical therapy, and hence targeted for carotid surgical interventions to prevent stroke. Inflammation is a key operator in destabilisation of plaques prior to clinical sequelae. Currently, there is a lack of imaging tool in routine clinical practice, which allows assessment of inflammatory activity within the atherosclerotic plaque. Herein, we have used a periarterial cuff to generate a progressive carotid atherosclerosis model in apolipoprotein E–deficient mice. This model produced clinically relevant plaques with different levels of risk, fulfilling American Heart Association (AHA) classification, at specific timepoints and locations, along the same carotid artery. Exploiting this platform, we have developed smart molecular magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) probes consisting of dual-targeted microparticles of iron oxide (DT-MPIO) against VCAM-1 and P-selectin, to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of statin therapy on progressive carotid atherosclerosis. We demonstrated that in vivo DT-MPIO-enhanced MRI can (i) quantitatively track plaque inflammation from early to advanced stage; (ii) identify and characterise high-risk inflamed, vulnerable plaques; and (iii) monitor the response to statin therapy longitudinally. Moreover, this molecular imaging–defined therapeutic response was validated using AHA classification of human plaques, a clinically relevant parameter, approximating the clinical translation of this tool. Further development and translation of this molecular imaging tool into the clinical arena may potentially facilitate more accurate risk stratification, permitting timely identification of the high-risk patients for prophylactic carotid intervention, affording early opportunities for stroke prevention in the future.
The European Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism and the path to Sustainable Trade Policies: From ‘Coexistence’ to ‘Cooperation’
Authors: LETURCQ Pierre 
Published: December 2022

AbstractLong examined by the academic literature as a challenging technical-legal fiction with a strong geopolitical impact, border carbon adjustment is on its way to becoming a European reality. This Article provides an overview of the European legislative process with a comparison of the initial Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (‘CBAM’) project presented by the Commission in July 2021 with the positions formalised by the European Parliament and the Council in 2022. With a detour through the doctrine of international law and building upon the work of Professor Thomas Cottier on the concept of Common Concern of Humankind (‘CCH’) in international law, the Article examines the European CBAM, and more broadly, the recent multiplication of unilateral environmental initiatives with extraterritorial impacts, as a contextual transition from a logic of coexistence to a logic of cooperation in the field of environmental policies. It concludes on the necessity to design the European CBAM accordingly, by redistributing its direct revenues and developing open and inclusive cooperation frameworks, to accelerate this transition in the field of industrial decarbonisation.
The frequency and content of televised UK gambling advertising during the men’s 2020 Euro soccer tournament
Authors: Newall Philip W. S. , Ferreira Catia Alexandra , Sharman Steve 
Published: December 2022

AbstractGambling marketing is frequently visible in the United Kingdom, especially around the national sport, soccer. Previous research has documented the frequency with which gambling marketing logos can be seen in domestic club soccer, and also the frequency of television advertising around international tournaments. The present research investigates the frequency and content of television advertising during the men’s 2020 Euro soccer tournament, a high-profile tournament shown since the industry’s voluntary “whistle-to-whistle ban” on gambling advertising came into effect. Overall, 113 gambling adverts were recorded (4.5 adverts per relevant match). Financial inducements were the most frequently shown category (56.6%), followed by adverts raising awareness of a given operator’s brand (19.5%), adverts featuring the odds on specific complex bets (18.6%), and adverts promoting safer gambling (5.3%). Adverts featured a range of safer gambling messages, with the “when the fun stops, stop” message featuring in 56.6% of adverts. This research indicates that gambling advertising remains a frequent part of the experience of watching live televised soccer in the UK, and shows how the content of this advertising was comparable to what has been seen in the previous literature.
Making Use of the Land: The Political Ecology of China's First Empire
Authors: Lander Brian 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis article uses a case study of the Qin Empire to explore the ecology of an agrarian political system, analysis that has become possible because of the archaeological excavation of Qin administrative documents. Qin's power derived from photosynthesis, and its empire mobilized this energy and used it to conquer territory and expand its productivity. The state's power was based on its ability to extract taxes in grain from its subjects, store it in granaries, and then use it to feed laborers working on state projects. Grain and most other taxable materials were too bulky to move very far, so the government relied on a subcontinent-wide system of information gathering and processing that allowed officials at the capital to make decisions about local resource use. Qin's centralized bureaucratic system became the standard model of political organization in China, so it offers clues into the effects subsequent empires would have on their environments.
Coupling of geographic range and provincialism in Cambrian marine invertebrates
Authors: Na Lin , Kocsis Ádám T. , Li Qijian , Kiessling Wolfgang 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe Cambrian saw a dramatic increase in metazoan diversity and abundance. Between-assemblage diversity (beta diversity) soared in the first three Cambrian stages, suggesting a rapid increase in the geodisparity of marine animals during the Cambrian radiation. However, it remains unclear how these changes scale up to first-order biogeographic patterns. Here we outline time-traceable provinces for marine invertebrates across the Cambrian period using a compositional network based on species-level fossil occurrence data. Results confirm an increase in regional differences of faunal composition and a decrease in by-species geographic distribution during the first three stages. We also show that general biogeography tends to be reshaped after global extinction pulses. We suggest that the abrupt biogeographic differentiation during the Cambrian radiation was controlled by a combination of tectonics, paleoclimate, and dispersal capacity changes.
DIOGENES OF BABYLON ON WHO THE DEITY IS: AËTIUS 1.7.8 MANSFELD–RUNIA RECONSIDERED
Authors: Vassallo Christian 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn Aëtius 1.7.8 Mansfeld–Runia, Diogenes, Cleanthes and Oenopides are said to have maintained that the deity is the world-soul. However, the identity of the Diogenes whom the doxographer mentions here has long been a matter of scholarly dispute. In response to attempts to ascribe the doxa to Diogenes of Apollonia, this paper reassesses old arguments and proposes new considerations to argue that a fundamental aspect of Diogenes of Babylon's theology is at stake here.
Bank Lines of Credit as a Source of Long-Term Finance
Authors: Chang Xin , Chen Yunling , Masulis Ronald W. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractHand-collecting credit line drawdowns that firms classify as long-term debt, we first document how long-term drawdowns rise with high investment needs or weak external capital market conditions. Nearly all drawdown proceeds finance long-term investment, including M&A activity. Unrated and lower-rated firms rely more on long-term drawdowns than high or very poorly rated firms. We further find that credit lines have tighter covenants than terms loans. Drawdowns are repaid fairly quickly and often refinanced with other long-term debt. Our findings support the monitored liquidity insurance theory of credit lines and highlight that long-term drawdowns act as a valuable bridge financing mechanism.
The ‘Dying’ Bourbon Dynasty: The Diplomatic Role of the Spanish Monarchy in the Long Nineteenth Century
Authors: San Narciso David 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis article explores one of the main arenas in which change came over the role of the monarchy as part of Europe's transition to a modern political system: diplomacy. Traditionally, there had been a dual aspect to monarchy that merged dynastic and state interests. The creation of modern constitutional political systems in the nineteenth century forced European crowns to modify their prerogatives and effective power, sharing this with elected politicians. This included foreign policy, which thenceforward pursued national interests that did not always agree with dynastic ones. Focusing on the Spanish branch of the house of Bourbon, I examine this involved and controversial process. Firstly, I trace the breaking of the Bourbon alliance which had been dominant in the eighteenth century and its unsettled reconfiguration into the worldwide system created by the Congress of Vienna. I then discuss the complex imposition of the nation-state interest over the dynastic one in a time of deep ideological division – between constitutional and absolutist systems – and traumatic revolutions that overthrew Bourbon monarchs. From the mid-nineteenth century onwards, the liberal and nationalist wave forced transnational family ties to succumb to national interest.
“Your sister growes rich by her great trade”: Catherine Nicks's Intimate Economy
Authors: Laursen Brock Aske 
Published: December 2022

Abstract“Catherine Nicks's Intimate Economy” introduces an intimate network that spanned Europe and Asia in the late seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries, underlining how women created opportunities for themselves and their extended network. Using the case study of Catherine Nicks, the article examines how a trading company's network, in spite of the company's desire for impermeable monopolies, lent itself to women and others who could form durable intimate networks underneath the larger corporate umbrella for personal and familial economic gains. It questions how the early modern maritime and global economy worked while also examining the nature of company monopolies.
Correlates of plant β-diversity in Atlantic Forest patches in the Pernambuco Endemism Centre, Northeastern Brazil
Authors: Guedes Isabel Cristina C. , de Moraes Bárbara L. C. , Hilário Renato R. , Souza-Alves João Pedro 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Understanding how vegetation structure and floristic composition vary across landscapes is fundamental to understand ecological patterns and for designing conservation actions. In a patch-landscape approach, we assessed the β-diversity (q0 order – rare species, q1 order – common species, and q2 order – dominant species) of plants between forest patches and surveyed plots in Atlantic Forest patches located in the Pernambuco Endemism Centre, northeastern Brazil. Furthermore, we tested the influence of predictor variables linked to landscape (forest cover and edge density) and habitat (basal area), as well as the geographical distance between forest patches and plots on the β-diversity in each forest patch and plot. We measured and identified a total of 1,682 individuals (trees and lianas), corresponding to 248 species, 116 genera, and 56 families in 10 plots (50 × 2 m) from each forest patch. The β-diversity presented lower values for the Mata de Água Azul patch at a landscape scale (i.e., between forest patches) and Mata dos Macacos patch at a site scale (i.e., between plots) for all orders. Geographical distance positively influenced the β-diversity at the landscape scale, and higher turnover between plots (e.g., within forest patches) was positively associated with differences in geographical distance, edge density, forest cover, and basal area. Our results indicate the need to conserve forest patches distributed across a wide area (distant sites) that encompass different landscape contexts with different vegetation structures, in order to conserve greater floristic diversity.
Partial de-annuitization of public pensions vs. retirement age differentiation: Which is best to account for longevity differences?
Authors: Vandenberghe Vincent 
Published: December 2022

AbstractExtensive research by demographers and economists has shown that longevity differs across socio-economic status (SES), with low-educated or low-income people living, on average, shorter lives than their better-endowed and wealthier peers. Therefore, a pension system with a unique retirement age is a priori problematic. The usual policy recommendation to address this problem is to differentiate the retirement age by SES. This paper explores the relative merits of partial de-annuitization of public pensions as a way of addressing the (imperfectly assessed) inequality of longevity.
A Bayesian Hierarchical Model Combination Framework for Real‐Time Daily Ensemble Streamflow Forecasting Across a Rainfed River Basin
Authors: Ossandón Álvaro , Rajagopalan Balaji , Tiwari Amar Deep , Thomas Thomas , Mishra Vimal 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe frequent occurrence of floods during the rainy season is one of the threats in rainfed river basins, especially in river basins of India. This study implemented a Bayesian hierarchical model combination (BHMC) framework to generate skillful and reliable real‐time daily ensemble streamflow forecast and peak flow and demonstrates its utility in the Narmada River basin in Central India for the peak monsoon season (July–August). The framework incorporates information from multiple sources (e.g., deterministic hydrological forecast, meteorological forecast, and observed data) as predictors. The forecasts were validated with a leave‐1‐year‐out cross‐validation using accuracy metrics such as BIAS and Pearson correlation coefficient (R) and probabilistic metrics such as continuous ranked probability skill score, probability integral transform (PIT) plots, and the average width of the 95% confidence intervals (AWCI) plots. The results show that the BHMC framework can increase the forecast skill by 40% and reduce absolute bias by at least 28% compared to the raw deterministic forecast from a physical model, the Variable Infiltration Capacity model. In addition, PIT and AWCI show that the framework can provide sharp and reliable streamflow forecast ensembles for short lead times (1–3‐day lead time) and provide useful skills beyond up to 5‐day lead time. These will be of immense help in emergency and disaster preparedness.
Examination of Radiation Belt Dynamics During Substorm Clusters: Magnetic Local Time Variation and Intensity of Precipitating Fluxes
Authors: Rodger Craig J. , Clilverd Mark A. , Hendry Aaron T. , Forsyth Colin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSubstorms are short‐lived but significant reconfigurations of the geomagnetic field during which energetic particles are injected into the inner magnetosphere close to magnetic midnight. There is currently a need to quantify substorm‐driven energetic electron precipitation (EEP) to better understand its role in radiation belt dynamics and to quantify its impact on the atmosphere. As substorm injections trigger chorus waves, which have strong MLT, AE, and L‐shell dependence, we investigate the dependence of EEP in terms of these variables. We utilize many decades of low Earth orbit satellite observations to examine the typical statistical variability around substorm events identified by the Substorm Onsets and Phases from Indices of the Electrojet (SOPHIE) algorithm. In contrast to trapped flux enhancements, enhanced EEP is found to occur even for the quietest AE range of those considered (AE ≤ 100 nT, 100 nT < AE ≤ 300 nT, AE ≥ 300 nT). The MLT‐dependent analysis for all AE‐ranges shows a well‐defined variation in >30 keV EEP magnitude, with a distinct and deep minimum in the late afternoon sector (15–18 MLT), and maxima in the mid to late morning sector (6–12 MLT). The patterns show similarities to previously published whistler‐mode lower band chorus distributions with MLT. Clusters of substorms reliably produce enhancements in electron precipitation for >30 keV and >300 keV, with steadily increasing peak precipitation magnitudes with increasing AE. The peak precipitation flux L‐shell also moves inwards with increasing AE, in a similar way for the two energy ranges.