bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cognitive assessment in patients treated by immunotherapy: the prospective Cog-Immuno trial
Authors: Lange Marie , Clarisse Bénédicte , Leconte Alexandra , Dembélé Kléouforo-Paul , Lequesne Justine , Nicola Celeste , Dubois Martine , Derues Laurence , Gidron Yori , Castel Hélène , Joly Florence 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
The discovery of the importance of the immune system and its role in oncogenesis led to the development of immunotherapy, a treatment that represents a major advance in oncology management. Due to the recent nature of immunotherapy, little is known about its side effects and their impact on quality of life. To date, there is no published study that accurately assesses the impact of immunotherapy on cognition, mood and/or fatigue in patients treated for cancer, despite potential neurological toxicities. The purpose of this study is to prospectively assess the incidence of cognitive impairment and cognitive complaints among cancer patients naïve for immunotherapy without concomitant anti-cancer treatment.

Methods
The Cog-Immuno trial is a multicentre longitudinal study addressing patients with cancer candidate to receive immunotherapy alone (n = 100). Immunotherapy treatment will include either anti-PD1/PDL1 or anti-CTLA4 monotherapy or combination therapy. Cognitive and quality of life assessment, electrocardiogram (ECG) and biological tests will be performed at baseline, thereafter 3, and 6 months after immunotherapy initiation. The primary endpoint is the proportion of patients treated by immunotherapy who will experience a decline in cognitive performances or in Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score within 3 months after inclusion. Secondary endpoints concern: anxiety, depression, fatigue, clinical characteristics, biological data and neurophysiological measures (heart rate variability and hemispheric lateralization). A pre-clinical study will be conducted in cancer bearing mice receiving checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) with the evaluation of cognitive functions and emotional reactivity, collection of blood samples and investigation of neurobiological mechanisms from brain slices.

Discussion
Assessing and understanding the incidence and the severity of cognitive impairment and its impact on quality of life in cancer patients treated by immunotherapy is a major issue. The results of this study will provide information on the impact of these treatments on cognitive functions in order to help the physicians in the choice of the treatment.

Trial registration
NCT03599830, registered July 26, 2018.

Protocol version
Version 5.1 dated from 2020/10/02.
Clinical implementation of suicide risk prediction models in healthcare: a qualitative study
Authors: Yarborough Bobbi Jo H. , Stumbo Scott P. , Schneider Jennifer , Richards Julie E. , Hooker Stephanie A. , Rossom Rebecca 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Suicide risk prediction models derived from electronic health records (EHR) are a novel innovation in suicide prevention but there is little evidence to guide their implementation.

Methods
In this qualitative study, 30 clinicians and 10 health care administrators were interviewed from one health system anticipating implementation of an automated EHR-derived suicide risk prediction model and two health systems piloting different implementation approaches. Site-tailored interview guides focused on respondents’ expectations for and experiences with suicide risk prediction models in clinical practice, and suggestions for improving implementation. Interview prompts and content analysis were guided by Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) constructs.

Results
Administrators and clinicians found use of the suicide risk prediction model and the two implementation approaches acceptable. Clinicians desired opportunities for early buy-in, implementation decision-making, and feedback. They wanted to better understand how this manner of risk identification enhanced existing suicide prevention efforts. They also wanted additional training to understand how the model determined risk, particularly after patients they expected to see identified by the model were not flagged at-risk and patients they did not expect to see identified were. Clinicians were concerned about having enough suicide prevention resources for potentially increased demand and about their personal liability; they wanted clear procedures for situations when they could not reach patients or when patients remained at-risk over a sustained period. Suggestions for making risk model workflows more efficient and less burdensome included consolidating suicide risk information in a dedicated module in the EHR and populating risk assessment scores and text in clinical notes.

Conclusion
Health systems considering suicide risk model implementation should engage clinicians early in the process to ensure they understand how risk models estimate risk and add value to existing workflows, clarify clinician role expectations, and summarize risk information in a convenient place in the EHR to support high-quality patient care.
Protective vaccinations in the control and prevention of infectious diseases—knowledge of adult Poles in this field. Preliminary results
Authors: Dąbek Józefa , Sierka Oskar , Gąsior Zbigniew 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Protective vaccinations are one of the basic means of infectious disease prevention. The aim of the study was to assess the implementation of compulsory and additional protective vaccinations among adult Poles, their knowledge about the purpose of introducing a vaccination schedule and adverse events following immunization. Opinions about and support for anti-vaccination movements were also examined.

Materials and methods
A total of 700 (100%) people aged 18 to 80 (x̅  = 32,16 ± 16,46) took part in the study, conducted using the proprietary questionnaire. All the participants selected randomly from patients of the Department of Cardiology, their visitors, doctors, nurses, paramedics, medical students, and authors’ acquaintances gave their informed consent to participate in the study.

Results
About 10% of the respondents did not complete the compulsory vaccination schedule. Almost 80% of respondents believed that the main reason for vaccinations schedule occurrence was the desire to completely exclude certain diseases and their complications from the population. More than half of the respondents have never had any additional vaccination. A statistically significant correlation was found between intake of at least one additional vaccination and age (χ2=22.262, p = 0.002) and education level (χ2= 11.074, p = 0.004). Among the respondents, there was a group that classified autism as one of the adverse events following immunization. About 95% of respondents never experienced any adverse events following immunizationand as many as 30 respondents declared their support for anti-vaccination movements.

Conclusion
The degree of the implementation of compulsory protective vaccinations in the study group was high, while additional vaccinations were insufficient. The purposefulness of introducing a vaccination schedule was correctly identified by the majority of the respondents, but the knowledge about adverse events following immunisation and their types was incomplete. Among participants were individuals who declared their support for anti-vaccination movements, so society should be constantly educated about vaccinations benefits.
Femoral neck shaft angle measurement on plain radiography: is standing or supine radiograph a reliable template for the contralateral femur?
Authors: Haddad Bassem , Hamdan Mohammad , Al Nawaiseh Mohammad , Aldowekat Osama , Alshrouf Mohammad Ali , Karam Abdulrahman M. , Azzam Muayad I. , AR Altamimi Anas , Abu Shokor Muntaser 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Introduction
Neck-shaft angle (NSA) is of paramount importance to orthopedic surgeons due to its implications for various pathologies of the hip and femur. The primary aim of the study was to establish if NSA measurement may be affected by imaging position (standing and supine) and provide evidence regarding whether the contralateral NSA can be used as a template. The secondary aim was to determine a reference value and precisely understand the effects of sex on NSA measurement.

Materials and methods
We measured bilateral NSA in a retrospective study of 200 standing and 200 supine anteroposterior pelvis radiographs that met the inclusion criteria, while paying special attention to bilateral hip symmetry. The overall inter-rater reliability was 0.688 (CI 0.128–0.851). Matching was performed according to sex (exact matching) and age. Paired t-test, Pearson correlation coefficient, and independent sample t-test were used (p < 0.01).

Results
A total of 400 pairs of femoral necks were reviewed, comprising of 200 males and 200 females. In the upright radiograph, the overall mean NSA was 131.21° ± 4.72°. There was no significant difference between right and left femur NSA among the patients (p = 0.95). On both sides, male NSA was higher than female NSA (p < 0.001). In supine radiograph, the overall mean NSA for the supine position was 133.06° ± 5.71°. There was a significant difference between NSA of the right and left femur among the patients in the supine position (p < 0.001). On supine radiographs there was no statistically significant difference between male and female NSA (p = 0.85).

Conclusion
Our findings indicated no significant variability in upright radiographs between the right and left NSA. In contrast, significant asymmetry between the right and left NSA was found in the supine radiographs. However, this study does not provide definitive clinical evidence, and further clinical-oriented research is required.

Level of evidence
Level III; retrospective comparative study.
Risk factor of postoperative incision infection after plate internal fixation of calcaneal fractures: a retrospective study
Authors: Shen Lei , Wang Qiang , Chen Jun , Jiang Zhenhuan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to investigate the risk factors for incision infection after plate internal fixation for calcaneal fractures by a traditional lateral L-shaped approach.MethodsThe clinical data of 302 patients with calcaneal fractures who underwent surgical treatment in our hospital from January 2012 to June 2018 were retrospectively analysed, consisting of 177 males and 125 females. The enrolled patients were aged 21 to 75 years, with a mean age of 47.72 years. According to the Sanders classification, 108 patients were type II, 138 patients were type III, and 56 cases were type IV. A univariate analysis was conducted with sex, age, smoking history, history of diabetes, cause of injury, Sanders type, tension blisters, time from injury to surgery, preoperative haemoglobin, preoperative albumin, operation time, and bone grafting as possible risk factors. The factors with statistically significant differences were selected for multivariate binary logistic regression analysis. The clinical cut-off values of these risk factors were calculated using characteristic curves.ResultsThe follow-up lasted for at least 1 year for all patients, with a mean follow-up time of 15.8 months. The results demonstrated 7.9% (24/302) infection rate after plate internal fixation of calcaneal fractures by the traditional lateral L-shaped approach. Univariate analysis showed that a history of diabetes, preoperative albumin, preoperative haemoglobin, time from injury to surgery, and operation time were correlated with incision infection (p < 0.05). Additionally, multivariate regression analysis indicated that a shorter time from injury to surgery (OR = 1.475,95% CI: 1.024-2.125,p = 0.037), lower preoperative albumin (OR = 1.559,95% CI: 1.191-2.041,p = 0.001), and longer operation time (OR = 1.511,95% CI: 1.219-1.874,p < 0.001) were risk factors for postoperative incision infection, and their cut-off values were 10.5 days, 38.5 g/L, and 84.5 minutes, respectively.ConclusionLonger preoperative stay and operation time were two risk factors for postoperative incision infection. However, lower preoperative albumin level is the highest risk factor in this study.Trial registrationThe trial was registered in the China Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2100047038).
Efficacy of intra-articular injection of allogeneic platelet-rich plasma for knee osteoarthritis combined with hematologic blood dyscrasias with platelet dysfunction: protocol of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Zhu Xiaohang , Zhao Lingying , Liu An , Yu Ziqiang , Guo Jiong Jiong 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has been shown to alleviate the symptoms of patients suffering from knee osteoarthritis (KOA), but for certain patients with hematologic diseases with platelet dysfunction and patients receiving anti-platelet medications, autologous PRP is not an optimum solution. Allogeneic PRP has been proven to be safe and effective in the treatment of osteoarthritis, rotator cuff disease, refractory wounds and other medical fields. However, a well-designed and long-term follow-up prospective randomized controlled trial (RCT) to evaluate the effect of allogeneic PRP intra-articular injections for KOA combined with hematologic blood dyscrasias has not yet been performed.

Methods/ design
We will conduct an allogeneic PRP injection for KOA combined with hematologic blood dyscrasias with platelet dysfunction study: a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. One hundred participants with KOA combined with hematologic blood dyscrasias with platelet dysfunction will be randomly allocated to receive either one allogeneic PRP injection or one saline injection into the knee joint. The primary outcome will be a 12-month change in Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) score. Secondary outcomes will be the 36-Item Short-Form General Health Survey (SF-36) score, Lysholm score, overall knee pain score and MRI assessment at 1-, 3-, 6- and 12-month.

Discussion
The results of this study will help determine whether allogeneic PRP could be used as a non-surgical intervention to treat patients with knee OA combined with hematologic blood dyscrasias with platelet dysfunction.

Trial registration
Chinese Clinical Trials Registry reference: ChiCTR2100048624. Prospectively registered 11th of July 2021.
Research capacity and culture in an Australian metropolitan public mental health service: scoping the skills and experience of social workers and occupational therapists
Authors: Migliorini Christine , McDowell Caitlin , Turville Megan , Bevilacqua JoAnne , Harvey Carol 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Investment in a clinical research culture appears to be associated with benefits for consumers, staff, and overall organisational performance. The validated 55-item Research Capacity and Culture (RCC) tool was developed specifically to gauge the research capacity and culture of health professionals and workplace settings within which they work. Results of some individual studies suggest that professional discipline and workplace setting may impact RCC results however it has never been used in a dedicated public mental health setting. Therefore, this study will explore the research capacity and culture of allied mental health clinicians (Part 1). Another aim is to explore potential connections between workplace settings, locations and disciplines based on published RCC-based data to help signpost potential impediments to service improvements (Part 2).

Methods
Part 1: An RCC-based online survey canvased Australian Social Workers and Occupational Therapists (n = 59) based in a metropolitan public mental health service. Non-parametric analyses explored links between research-related experience and participant characteristics.
Part 2: Comparative analyses explored the potential influence of workplace settings and professional disciplines on published RCC results.

Results
Part 1: Overall, the research capacity and experiences of mental health Social Workers and Occupational Therapists seemed modest. Discipline was statistically associated with level of research-activity experience, weighted towards occupational therapy; demographic characteristics were not. Only two items in the RCC were rated high; many more items were rated low.
Part 2: Published studies exploration found no link between RCC ratings and workplace location, setting, or professional discipline. Sampling biases and use of modified, non-validated RCC versions likely impacted the results.

Conclusions
Allied mental health clinicians may not be sufficiently experienced, knowledgeable, or confident with a range of research-related activities given the emphasis on workforce research capability in policy and practice nowadays. This may be commonplace across health-based organisations. We recommend the systematic implementation of research training programs in (mental) health services, and a ‘whole-of-service levels’ approach be used i.e., transform policy, culture and leadership as well as provide practical resources with individual training. Potential benefits include a positive impact on organisation functioning, clinicians’ confidence and practice, and improved consumer outcomes.
Interventions targeting healthcare providers to optimise use of caesarean section: a qualitative comparative analysis to identify important intervention features
Authors: Zahroh Rana Islamiah , Kneale Dylan , Sutcliffe Katy , Vazquez Corona Martha , Opiyo Newton , Homer Caroline S. E. , Betrán Ana Pilar , Bohren Meghan A. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Rapid increases in caesarean section (CS) rates have been observed globally; however, CS rates exceeding 15% at a population-level have limited benefits for women and babies. Many interventions targeting healthcare providers have been developed to optimise use of CS, typically aiming to improve and monitor clinical decision-making. However, interventions are often complex, and effectiveness is varied. Understanding intervention and implementation features that likely lead to optimised CS use is important to optimise benefits. The aim of this study was to identify important components that lead to successful interventions to optimise CS, focusing on interventions targeting healthcare providers.

Methods
We used Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) to identify if certain combination of important intervention features (e.g. type of intervention, contextual characteristics, and how the intervention was delivered) are associated with a successful intervention as reflected in a reduction of CS. We included 21 intervention studies targeting healthcare providers to reduce CS, comprising of 34 papers reporting on these interventions. To develop potential theories driving intervention success, we used existing published qualitative evidence syntheses on healthcare providers’ perspectives and experiences of interventions targeted at them to reduce CS.

Results
We identified five important components that trigger successful interventions targeting healthcare providers: 1) training to improve providers’ knowledge and skills, 2) active dissemination of CS indications, 3) actionable recommendations, 4) multidisciplinary collaboration, and 5) providers’ willingness to change. Importantly, when one or more of these components are absent, dictated nature of intervention, where providers are enforced to adhere to the intervention, is needed to prompt successful interventions. Unsuccessful interventions were characterised by the absence of these components.

Conclusion
We identified five important intervention components and combinations of intervention components which can lead to successful interventions targeting healthcare providers to optimise CS use. Health facility managers, researchers, and policy-makers aiming to improve providers’ clinical decision making and reduce CS may consider including the identified components to optimise benefits.
Microbiota-host crosstalk in the newborn and adult rumen at single-cell resolution
Authors: Wu Jia-Jin , Zhu Senlin , Tang Yi-Fan , Gu Fengfei , Liu Jian-Xin , Sun Hui-Zeng 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe rumen is the hallmark organ of ruminants, playing a vital role in their nutrition and providing products for humans. In newborn suckling ruminants milk bypasses the rumen, while in adults this first chamber of the forestomach has developed to become the principal site of microbial fermentation of plant fibers. With the advent of single-cell transcriptomics, it is now possible to study the underlying cell composition of rumen tissues and investigate how this relates the development of mutualistic symbiosis between the rumen and its epithelium-attached microbes.ResultsWe constructed a comprehensive cell landscape of the rumen epithelium, based on single-cell RNA sequencing of 49,689 high-quality single cells from newborn and adult rumen tissues. Our single-cell analysis identified six immune cell subtypes and seventeen non-immune cell subtypes of the rumen. On performing cross-species analysis of orthologous genes expressed in epithelial cells of cattle rumen and the human stomach and skin, we observed that the species difference overrides any cross-species cell-type similarity. Comparing adult with newborn cattle samples, we found fewer epithelial cell subtypes and more abundant immune cells, dominated by T helper type 17 cells in the rumen tissue of adult cattle. In newborns, there were more fibroblasts and myofibroblasts, anIGFBP3+epithelial cell subtype not seen in adults, while dendritic cells were the most prevalent immune cell subtype. Metabolism-related functions and the oxidation-reduction process were significantly upregulated in adult rumen epithelial cells. Using 16S rDNA sequencing, fluorescence in situ hybridization, and absolute quantitative real-time PCR, we found that epithelialDesulfovibriowas significantly enriched in the adult cattle. Integrating the microbiome and metabolome analysis of rumen tissues revealed a high co-occurrence probability ofDesulfovibriowith pyridoxal in the adult cattle compared with newborn ones while the scRNA-seq data indicated a stronger ability of pyroxidal binding in the adult rumen epithelial cell subtypes. These findings indicate thatDesulfovibrioand pyridoxal likely play important roles in maintaining redox balance in the adult rumen.ConclusionsOur integrated multi-omics analysis provides novel insights into rumen development and function and may facilitate the future precision improvement of rumen function and milk/meat production in cattle.