bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A qualitative study into cancer survivors' relationship with nutrition post‐cancer treatment
Authors: O'Callaghan Niamh , Douglas Pauline , Keaver Laura 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn Ireland, one in every 25 individuals is living with and beyond cancer, placing survivorship care at the forefront of strategic planning and service requirements. Several unmet needs of cancer survivors were identified in the National Cancer Strategy 2017–2026. Further reports from national bodies have highlighted how these unmet needs, including those of a nutritional nature, have not been prioritised. In Ireland, little information is available on how cancer diagnosis changes cancer survivors’ perceptions of food and nutrition. Thus, this study aimed to describe cancer survivors’ relationship with nutrition. Survivors who lived on the Island of Ireland and were at least 6 months post‐treatment were eligible. Five semi‐structured focus groups and two individual interviews were conducted online (n = 20). Focus groups and interviews were analysed using thematic analysis. The cohort was mostly female breast cancer survivors (n = 12) with an average age of 51.3 ± 12 years. Emergent themes illustrated how a cancer diagnosis appears to motivate cancer survivors to immediate positive dietary changes. Many new dietary introductions were in line with cancer survivor recommendations, while dietary supplement use and some nonevidence‐supported actions were revealed. A minority of participants continued their original dietary intake prior to their diagnosis. Participants reported the impact of treatment‐related side effects on their relationship with nutrition. The participants emphasised a desire to receive dietary advice from health professionals while undergoing treatment and survivorship.
ECOPT2: An adaptable life cycle assessment model for the environmentally constrained optimization of prospective technology transitions
Authors: Hung Christine Roxanne , Kishimoto Paul , Krey Volker , Strømman Anders Hammer , Majeau‐Bettez Guillaume 
Published: September 2022

AbstractLife cycle assessment (LCA) is a method to evaluate the environmental impacts of technologies from cradle to grave. However, LCAs are commonly defined in terms of the consumption of a single unit of a product and thus ignore scaling issues in large‐scale deployment of technologies. Such product‐level LCAs often do not consider capital manufacturing capacity and supply chain bottlenecks that may hinder the rapid, widespread uptake of emerging technologies entering the market; emerging technologies often require the expansion of existing supply chains or the development of entirely new supply chains, such as the manufacturing of novel materials. As a result, such LCA studies are limited in their ability to realistically assess impacts at the macro‐scale and thus to guide large‐scale decisions. In this work, we present ECOPT2, a generalized adaptable model that combines these constraints to the LCA approach using a mathematical programming approach and dynamic stock modeling. ECOPT2 combines LCA factors with transition scenarios from energy systems models to determine the environmentally optimal deployment of new technologies while accounting for material circularity constraints and barriers to uptake. We also introduce the structure of the software tool and demonstrate its features using a stylized vehicle electrification scenario.
Reproductive health of women with intellectual disability: antenatal care, pregnancies and outcomes in the Dutch population
Authors: Schuengel C. , Cuypers M. , Bakkum L. , Leusink G. L. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundResearch in a handful of countries found that women with intellectual disability (ID) faced barriers and risks regarding antenatal care and reproductive health. This study tested disparities between women in the Netherlands with and without ID in antenatal care, pregnancy rates and pregnancy outcomes.MethodsSecondary analyses on the large representative panel of primary health patients in the Netherlands by the Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research (NIVEL) compared women in their reproductive age (18–49 years) with (n = 2397) and without (n = 228 608) indicators of ID. Bias due to underreporting and under‐identification was reduced by linkage with an index of ID for the total Dutch population from Statistical Netherlands.ResultsWomen with ID were more likely to receive contraceptive care [95% confidence interval (CI) for odds ratio (OR) = 1.37–1.61] and became somewhat more often pregnant (95% CI OR = 1.06–2.30) than women from the general population, adjusting for age difference and follow‐up time. No statistical differences were found in medical complications during pregnancy, delivery and immediately after birth, but women with indicators of ID had a higher risk of losing their pregnancy, including through induced abortion (95% CI OR = 1.26–1.99).ConclusionsWomen with ID have specific needs around contraceptive care and risks around their pregnancy that may require more awareness among practitioners and better understanding of the processes of care and decision‐making.
Microbotox (Mesobotox) versus microneedling as a new therapeutic modality in the treatment of atrophic post‐acne scars
Authors: Mohamed Noha E. , Shabaan Samar N. , Raouf Amel H. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundGiven that most patients with moderate to severe acne develop post‐acne scars, many treatment modalities can be used to ameliorate scaring; chemical peels, surgical excision, dermabrasion, fat transfer, autologous collagen, punch grafting, diverse filler injection, and lasers. Microneedling is one of the promising modalities based on the breaking of dermis‐damaged collagen and enhancing new collagen formation.Microbotox (Mesobotox) injection may have a beneficial effect by causing muscular paralysis with subsequent dermal edema due to transient and mild lymphatic insufficiency. The comparison between these two modalities has not been yet assessed.The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the safety and efficacy of both methods (Microbotox and microneedling) in the treatment of atrophic post‐acne scars.MethodsBetween May 2021 to April 2022, patients with atrophic post‐acne scars were selected from the out‐patients clinics of the Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine. The face was divided into two sides: the right side was treated with Mesobotox for three sessions once monthly and followed up 3 months later after the last session and the left side was treated with dermapen (microneedling) for six sessions every 2 weeks and followed up 3 months after the last session. The feasibility, safety, and efficacy of both lines of treatment were studied.ResultsThis study included 20 patients with atrophic post‐acne scars. They were 13 females (65%) and 7 males (35%), and their ages ranged between 15 and 35 years with a mean ± sd age of 24.40 ± 5.90 based on the significant improvement between S1 (baseline acne scar score) and both S2 (acne scar score at end of treatment) and S3 (acne scar score 3 months after the last session). Microneedling showed also similar results to Mesobotox.ConclusionsMicrobotox and microneedling were effective and tolerated.
Hypothesis generation: Quantitative research to levator ani muscle injury based on MRI texture analysis
Authors: Liu Jing Jing , Wang Yan Zhou , Chen Na , Wang Qian Nan , Liu Li , Li Ying , Lei Ling , Wu Yi 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAimPatients with pelvic organ prolapse (POP) mostly have injury to the levator ani muscle (LAM). We aimed to assess LAM injury in POP patients by quantifying texture feature (TF) ratios between the LAM and the obturator internus muscle (OIM) using texture analysis.MethodsThis study retrospectively enrolled 32 participants, including 24 patients with POP and eight people with normal pelvic floor muscles. TFs of the LAM and the OIM were extracted using LIFEx version 6.30, and an independent samples t‐test was performed to determine TF ratios characterizing LAM injury. After dimension reduction and binary logic analysis, the optimal TF ratio was obtained and the LAM injury quantitative evaluation was proposed. Spearman's correlation was performed to explore the correlations between TF ratios and clinical characteristics. We compared the diagnostic performance of quantitative evaluation and visual evaluation.ResultsThere were significant differences in 13 TF ratios between the POP and control groups. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the integrated TF ratio was 0.948. Integrated TF ratio was significantly correlated with body mass index, pregnancies, and vaginal deliveries but had no correlation with LAM volume, hiatal area or abortions. Compared with the visual evaluation, the diagnostic accuracy of the quantitative evaluation had improved by 63.2% and 14.3% in the “minor defect” and “major defect” categories, respectively.ConclusionThe integrated TF ratio can be used as a new quantifiable index to characterize LAM injury. The TF evaluation provides a potential role in LAM injury noninvasive diagnostic.
Evaluation of atherosclerosis‐related biomarkers during perimenopause: A prospective cohort study in women with endometriosis
Authors: Uehara Mari , Hiraike Osamu , Hirano Mana , Harada Miyuki , Koga Kaori , Yoshimura Noriko , Tanaka Sakae , Osuga Yutaka 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAimEndometriosis is linked to asymptomatic atherosclerosis and increases the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Vascular function tests are used to assess atherosclerosis, an important indicator of CVD development. In this study, we aimed to evaluate atherosclerosis‐related biomarkers, such as vascular function tests and laboratory data, in perimenopausal women with endometriosis.MethodsThis prospective cohort study enrolled 207 women (≥40 years old) with endometriosis. Laboratory data, ankle brachial index (ABI), and cardio‐ankle vascular index (CAVI) were evaluated.ResultsThe mean age, CAVI, and ABI of the participants at the initial examination were 45.02 years, 6.9 ± 0.6, and 1.07 ± 0.06, respectively. In multiple regression analysis, no factor was associated with CAVI, but ABI was significantly correlated with elevated total cholesterol (TC), low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, and estradiol (partial regression coefficient [β] = −0.00074, p = 0.017; β = −0.00075, p = 0.033; and β = −0.00022, p = 0.015, respectively). The annual rate of change in CAVI showed a positive correlation with TC and pentosidine and a negative correlation with history of hormone therapy. Neither correlation was strong. In a comparison of three groups classified by the annual rate of change in CAVI, the group with the severe change had a higher level of pentosidine. In adjusted multinomial logistic regression analysis, high pentosidine levels were a risk factor for increased rate of change in CAVI.ConclusionsThe association between CAVI and serum markers related to lipid metabolism and ovarian function was mild. Longitudinal analysis of CAVI showed an association with pentosidine, which may be helpful in assessing atherosclerosis risk in women with endometriosis during perimenopause.
Clinical Outcomes of Implant‐Assisted Removable Partial Dentures According to Implant Strategic Position
Authors: Yi Yuseung , Heo Seong‐Joo , Koak Jai‐Young , Kim Seong‐Kyun 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPurposeTo retrospectively analyze the success of implant‐assisted removable partial dentures (IARPDs) according to three types of strategic positions in distal extension areas of Kennedy Class I and II arches.Materials and methodsThe data included 102 arches in 95 patients with Kennedy Class I/II arches treated with IARPDs with implants in three strategic positions: Type 1a, assisted by P‐1a implants on the anterior area adjacent to the abutment tooth; Type 1b, assisted by P‐1b implants on the anterior area apart from the abutment tooth with or without P‐1a; Type 2, assisted by P‐2a implants on the posterior area adjacent to the natural tooth or P‐2b implants on the posterior area apart from the abutment tooth to modify from Kennedy Class I /II to Class III. The success was defined as the IARPDs without abutment tooth‐related, denture‐related, and implant‐related complications. Kaplan‐Meier curves and the multivariable Cox regression model were used to analyze the success of IARPDs and implants.ResultsThe overall success rate of IARPD treatment was 66.7%; 77.8% in Type 1a, 60.0% in Type 1b, and 68.0% in Type 2. There was no significant effect of treatment type on success rate of IARPDs. However, there was significant differences at the level of implant supporting IARPDs: 83.3% in Type 1a implants, 62.6% in Type 1b implants, and 73.2% in Type 2 implants. The implants of IARPD's adjacent to the natural tooth abutments (P‐1a and P‐2a) had higher success rates than those away from the natural tooth abutments.ConclusionsWithin the limitations of this study, there was no significant difference in the prosthodontic complications of IARPDs depending on the treatment type. However, the success of implants of IARPD is associated with the strategic position. Strategic implant abutments adjacent to the natural tooth had higher success rates than those away from the natural teeth abutments.
Prospective comparison of prostatic aspirate culture and cystocentesis urine culture for detection of bacterial infection in dogs with prostatic neoplasia
Authors: Skorupski K. A. , Byrne B. A. , Palm C. A. , Burton J. H. 
Published: September 2022

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to determine whether prostatic aspirate culture is a superior method to detect infection compared to culture of urine collected by cystocentesis in dogs with prostatic neoplasia.Materials and MethodsA prospective study was conducted and dogs with suspected or confirmed prostatic neoplasia were enrolled. Urinalysis was done and culture and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed on paired urine and prostatic aspirate samples collected at a single timepoint.ResultsTen dogs with prostatic neoplasia were enrolled. All dogs had one or more clinical sign consistent with lower urinary tract disease. One dog (10%) had a positive urine culture, but negative prostatic aspirate culture, one dog (10%) had a positive prostatic aspirate culture, but negative urine culture, and one dog (10%) had both positive urine and prostatic aspirate cultures. Using prostatic aspirate culture as the reference standard, urine culture had a sensitivity for detecting infection of 87.5% (95% confidence interval 52.9 to 99.4) and specificity of 50% (92.6 to 97.4) in this population of dogs.Clinical SignificancePositive cultures were uncommon with both culture collection methods. Study results did not identify prostatic aspirate culture to be a more sensitive method of detecting prostatic infection than urine culture collected by cystocentesis in these dogs with prostatic neoplasia.
Monitoring genetic diversity with new indicators applied to an alpine freshwater top predator
Authors: Andersson Anastasia , Karlsson Sten , Ryman Nils , Laikre Linda 
Published: September 2022

AbstractGenetic diversity is the basis for population adaptation and long‐term survival, yet rarely considered in biodiversity monitoring. One key issue is the need for useful and straightforward indicators of genetic diversity. We monitored genetic diversity over 40 years (1970–2010) in metapopulations of brown trout (Salmo trutta) inhabiting 27 small mountain lakes representing 10 lake systems in central Sweden using >1200 fish per time point. We tested six newly proposed indicators; three were designed for broad, international use in the UN Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) and are currently applied in several countries. The other three were recently elaborated for national use by a Swedish science‐management effort and applied for the first time here. The Swedish indicators use molecular genetic data to monitor genetic diversity within and between populations (indicators ΔH and ΔFST, respectively) and assess the effective population size (Ne‐indicator). We identified 29 genetically distinct populations, all retained over time. Twelve of the 27 lakes harboured more than one population indicating that brown trout biodiversity hidden as cryptic, sympatric populations are more common than recognized. The Ne indicator showed values below the threshold (Ne ≤ 500) in 20 populations with five showing Ne < 100. Statistically significant genetic diversity reductions occurred in several populations. Metapopulation structure appears to buffer against diversity loss; applying the indicators to metapopulations suggest mostly acceptable rates of change in all but one system. The CBD indicators agreed with the Swedish ones but provided less detail. All these indicators are appropriate for managers to initiate monitoring of genetic biodiversity.
Molecular characterization reveals no functional evidence for naturally occurring cross‐kingdom RNA interference in the early stages of Botrytis cinerea–tomato interaction
Authors: Qin Si , Veloso Javier , Baak Mirna , Boogmans Britt , Bosman Tim , Puccetti Guido , Shi‐Kunne Xiaoqian , Smit Sandra , Grant‐Downton Robert , Leisen Thomas , Hahn Matthias , van Kan Jan A. L. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPlant immune responses are triggered during the interaction with pathogens. The fungus Botrytis cinerea has previously been reported to use small RNAs (sRNAs) as effector molecules capable of interfering with the host immune response. Conversely, a host plant produces sRNAs that may interfere with the infection mechanism of an intruder. We used high‐throughput sequencing to identify sRNAs produced by B. cinerea and Solanum lycopersicum (tomato) during early phases of interaction and to examine the expression of their predicted mRNA targets in the other organism. A total of 7042 B. cinerea sRNAs were predicted to target 3185 mRNAs in tomato. Of the predicted tomato target genes, 163 were indeed transcriptionally down‐regulated during the early phase of infection. Several experiments were performed to study a causal relation between the production of B. cinerea sRNAs and the down‐regulation of predicted target genes in tomato. We generated B. cinerea mutants in which a transposon region was deleted that is the source of c.10% of the fungal sRNAs. Furthermore, mutants were generated in which both Dicer‐like genes (Bcdcl1 and Bcdcl2) were deleted and these displayed a >99% reduction of transposon‐derived sRNA production. Neither of these mutants was significantly reduced in virulence on any plant species tested. Our results reveal no evidence for any detectable role of B. cinerea sRNAs in the virulence of the fungus.
Association between eosinophilic esophagitis and esophageal dysmotility: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Reddy Sumana B. , Ketchem Corey J. , Dougherty Michael K. , Eluri Swathi , Dellon Evan S. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundThere is conflicting evidence about the association between eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) and esophageal motility disorders. The aim of this study was to evaluate esophageal manometry findings in EoE.MethodsWe conducted a systematic review using PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science. All articles from 1990 to 2021 with EoE patients who underwent esophageal manometry were eligible. We also included pertinent abstracts from national conferences from 2015 to 2020. The primary outcomes were the prevalence of specific Chicago 3 Classification (CCv3) diagnoses in EoE, as well as broader categories of non‐relaxing lower esophageal sphincter, and major and minor peristaltic disorders. When multiple studies reported a specific outcome, we performed random effects meta‐analysis to obtain pooled prevalence of each outcome. To reduce heterogeneity, we restricted meta‐analysis to high‐resolution manometry (HRM) studies only.Key ResultsOf 763 publications identified, 27 original studies met criteria for inclusion, encompassing 706 EoE patients; 14 studies (425 patients) had HRM and underwent meta‐analysis. The pooled prevalence of any motility abnormality was 53% (95% CI: 43%–63%), largely comprised of minor motility disorders such as ineffective esophageal motility and fragmented peristalsis. Major motility disorders, classified by CCv3, were less common in EoE, with pooled prevalence of 2% (0%–7%), 10% (5%–16%), and 1% (0%–3%), for achalasia, esophagogastric‐junction outflow obstruction, and hypercontractile disorders, respectively.Conclusion and InferencesNon‐specific motility disorders were common in patients with EoE, but major motility disorders were rare. Further studies are needed to determine the relationship between eosinophilic infiltration and the clinical relevance of abnormal esophageal motility findings in this population.
Vaccination hesitancy: To be vaccinated, or not to be vaccinated, that is the question in the era of COVID‐19
Authors: Perrone Cecilia , Fiabane Elena , Maffoni Marina , Pierobon Antonia , Setti Ilaria , Sommovigo Valentina , Gabanelli Paola 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCOVID‐19 vaccine hesitancy poses serious challenges in achieving adequate vaccine coverage in the general population. While most studies on vaccine hesitance determinants during the COVID‐19 pandemic were quantitative, qualitative research on the reasons for vaccine resistance is still lacking. To fill this gap, this study aims to qualitatively investigate cognitive and emotional factors associated with COVID‐19 vaccine hesitancy. This qualitative pilot study was conducted between October and November 2021 in Italy. A total of 40 COVID‐19 vaccine‐hesitant (“hesitant not vaccinated” or “hesitant but vaccinated”) individuals completed anonymous questionnaires with open‐ended questions. Data were analysed using the Interpretive Description approach. The central theme that emerged about vaccine hesitancy was the lack of control. This construct included four different sub‐categories: distrust of the government, infodemic, influence of family, and general anti‐vaccine opinions. The results also showed that the most important emotional and cognitive factors associated with hesitancy were anger related to a perceived sense of oppression; emotional avoidance to minimize risk; anxiety related to potential vaccine side effects. Identifying and understanding factors influencing COVID‐19 vaccination hesitancy is crucial to improving communication strategies that will ultimately result in increased confidence and vaccine acceptance.