bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does Female Sexuality Decrease in Pregnancy?: A Cross-sectional Questionnaire-
based Study
Authors: Dagar Neha , Nautiyal Ruchira , Mangla Mishu 
Published: September 2022

BACKGROUND:
Reproductive health is considered a cardinal component of an individual's overall health and well-being. Cultural beliefs, myths, and taboos "about sexual practices during pregnancy depend on various factors, including education, occupation, religion, cultural practices, and even area of residence.

OBJECTIVES:
The present study was undertaken to evaluate the Sexual patterns and beliefs regarding the sexuality of women during pregnancy and compare it with the pre-pregnancy period.

METHODS:
A total of 190 pregnant women [>18years of age] in the third trimester of pregnancy, i.e., beyond 28 weeks of gestation, were interviewed using Female Sexual Function Index [FSFI] scale to assess female sexual dysfunction during pregnancy and pre-pregnancy periods. If the score came to be less than 26.55, the woman was diagnosed as suffering from female sexual dysfunction. An effort was also made to find out the causes of female sexual dysfunction in these women.

RESULTS:
64[35.56%] participants considered sexual activity unsafe during pregnancy. 45.56% of the study subjects reported no change in libido. The mean +/- 2SD FSFI score in the pre-pregnancy period was 30.93 ± 1.18, whereas, in the pregnancy, the score was 22.64 ± 7.91, with a wide range of 6.4-28.5. A significant decline was noted in all domains of sexual function, including desire, arousal, lubrication, orgasm, satisfaction and pain.

CONCLUSION:
Pregnancy is associated with a significant decline in all domains of female sexual function, including desire, arousal, lubrication, orgasm, satisfaction and pain. The fallacious knowledge regarding the safety of sex in pregnancy is the most important contributing factor.
A Case Report of Primary Extranodal Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma
Involving the Masseter Muscle: Histological-Radiological Correlation
Authors: Baek Hye Jin , Lim Sunggong , Kang Young Hoon 
Published: September 2022

Introduction:
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common type of non-
Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL). However, the primary skeletal muscle involvement of DLBCL is extremely
rare, comprising less than 1% of all the extranodal lymphoma. To date, only 8 cases of extranodal NHL
involving the masticator muscles have been reported in the literature.

Case Presentation:
A 70-year-old male presented with a rapid progression of painless facial swelling in
the left cheek. CT, MRI and US findings demonstrated a well-defined, soft tissue mass in the left masseter
muscle. The histopathological diagnosis was DLBCL by US-guided core needle biopsy. The patient received
three cycles of chemotherapy.

Conclusion:
Because of its rarity, primary muscular DLBCL must be considered in differential diagnosis
with all possible causes of intramuscular masses. Even the integration of multiple imaging methods does
not lead to a definitive diagnosis, the biopsy is the only possibility for an early diagnosis. Therefore, clinical
awareness and high suspicion of this disease are important for early diagnosis and proper treatment.
A Case Report of Chordoma Presenting as a Sphenoid Sinus Mass: A Diagnostic
Challenge
Authors: Bharti Jyotsna Naresh , Bharti Sushma 
Published: September 2022

Introduction:
Chordomas are midline tumors that arise from remnants of the primitive notochord, while the heterotopic rests are usually situated extradural within the bones of the axial skeleton. The tumor is locally aggressive with a high recurrence rate but rarely gives rise to metastasis.

Case Report:
A 55-year-old female presented with complaints of headache and intermittent vomiting
for six months and diminution of vision for the last four months. MRI, T1 weighted without contrast of
the paranasal sinus, suggested sphenoid sinus malignancy or metastasis. The mass was excised and
sent for histopathological examination. Based on the radiological findings, light microscopy, special
stains, and immunohistochemistry, a final diagnosis of chordoma was rendered.

Results:
The chordoma is a well-known entity at the skull base. Skull-based chordomas account for
only 0.1-0.2% of all chordomas. The incidence rate of chordomas is 0.08 per 100,000, with a higher
incidence rate of 0.1 in males than in females. However, chordoma presenting as a sphenoidal mass
will create a diagnostic challenge for all otorhinolaryngologists and head and neck surgeons.

Conclusion:
This case report aims to add this rare tumor to the differential diagnosis of neoplasms of
the sphenoid sinus.
Determination of rFVII Concentration in Cell Culture Supernatant Using
VIISelect Resin and RP-HPLC-UV
Authors: Khodadadian Mehdi , Zarezadeh Nahid , Behrouz Hossein , Ahsani Zeinab 
Published: September 2022

Background:
Recombinant activated human coagulation factor VIIa (rFVIIa), a vitamin
K-dependent serine protease, was originally developed by Novo Nordisk® for the treatment of
patients with FVII deficiency as well as patients with hemophilia A and B with inhibitors against
FVIII or FIX. The gene for human FVII is cloned and expressed in baby hamster kidney (BHK)
cells, and the protein is secreted into the culture media, which is then converted to the active form
during chromatographic purification steps. When secreted into the culture media, measuring the
concentration levels of FVII is needed in order to monitor, control and optimize the production
processes. However, because of the high complexity of such media, reliable analytical techniques
are required for this purpose.

Objective:
This work focuses on the analytical application of VIISelect resin (GE Healthcare) as a
highly selective adsorbent for cleanup and preconcentration of rFVII in culture supernatant before
analysis by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC).

Method:
Empty 1 ml SPE cartridges were packed with VIISelect resin. Four types of solutions
were used for the sample preparation. The RP-HPLC separation was conducted on a C4 column
with UV detection.

Results:
The method shows recoveries greater than 97% in culture medium with relative standard
deviations (RSDs) of less than 2%. The limits of detection and quantification were 0.039 mg/L
and 0.12 mg/L, respectively.

Conclusion:
The method showed better performance in terms of precision and accuracy for rFVIIa
determination in cell culture supernatant compared to other techniques, like ELISA and SDSPAGE.
Synthesis of Fluorescent Carbon Quantum Dots based on Boletus speciosus
and Analysis of Metronidazole
Authors: Tu Yujiao , Liu Ze , Yuan Lin , Xiang Yingying , Song Fei , Jiang Lei 
Published: September 2022

Background:
Metronidazole is widely used due to its clinical excellence in treating systemic
or local infections caused by anaerobic bacteria. However, it is easily soluble in water, not
easy to biodegrade and adsorb and stays for a long time in environments, causing great harm to human
health and food safety. Therefore, it is important to choose highly selective and sensitive methods
for metronidazole content determination in environments. In this paper, the edible fungus Boletus
speciosus was used as the carbon precursor to successfully prepare carbon dots by one-step hydrothermal
method, and were used to analyze metronidazole.

Methods:
Characterization of the prepared carbon dots from B. speciosus (Bs-CDs) were studied by Transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and X-Ray Diffraction.

Results:
The linear equation was y=0.06231+0.01099x (R2=0.9970) with a metronidazole concentration
of 2.5~50 μM, and the detection limit was 71 nM. The fluorescence quenching mechanism of
Bs-CDs detecting metronidazole belonged to the internal filtration effect. Bs-CDs were applied to
detect metronidazole in actual water samples, presenting good sensitivity and a high recovery rate
(97.0~106.0%).

Conclusion:
This method provides a new idea for the application of carbon dots in metronidazole content detection.
Influence of Semax on the Level of Pro- and Anti-Inflammatory Cytokines
in Conditions of "Social" Stress
Authors: Yasenyavskaya Anna L. , Samotrueva Marina A. , Tsibizova Aleksandra A. , Bashkina Olga A. , Andreeva Liudmila A. , Myasoedov Nikolai F. 
Published: September 2022

Introduction:
This study was devoted to the experimental study of the effect of Semax (Met-Glu-His-Phe-Pro-Gly-Pro) on the level of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, TNF-α, TGF-β1) in conditions of "social" stress

Aim of the study:
to study the effect of Semax on the level of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, TNF-α, TGF-β1) under conditions of “social” stress.

Materials and methods:
White nonlinear rats (males, 6–8 months of age) were used as experimental animals. The animals were divided into groups: 1 – the control group (n=10); 2 – animals exposed to "social" stress (20 days) (n=10 aggressors/10 victims); 3 – rats exposed to "social" stress and receiving Semax intraperitoneally at a dose of 100 μg / kg / day (20 days) (n=10 aggressors/10 victims). Sensory contact was chosen as an experimental model of "social" stress. The level of cytokines (IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, TNF-α, TGF-β1) was determined by the method of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Results:
Currently, within the framework of the development of a direction to study the functioning of the unified cytokine network of the body, there is a need for a detailed analysis of changes in the production of individual cytokines during various pathophysiological reactions, including stressful effects. The experimental "social" stress is accompanied by an increase in the production of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, TGF-β1, which allowed us to consider stress as the main inducer of the production of cytokines of the family of proinflammatory interleukins and various growth factors. It was previously thought that inflammation and the immune response are the only factors capable of causing the production of most cytokines. In recent years, scientific works have appeared in which stress occupies an important place among the inducers of cytokine production. This fact has been confirmed by our experiments. Experimental "social" stress is accompanied by changes in the production of IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, TNF-α, TGF-β1, which allowed us to consider stress as the main inducer of the production of proinflammatory cytokines and growth factors.

Conclusion:
Evaluation of the effect of Semax on the level of cytokines under conditions of "social" stress showed that the effect of Semax is aimed at restoring the level of the studied cytokines in the group of stressed animals.
Current Cannabidiol Safety: A Review
Authors: Singh Chander , Rao Komal , Yadav Nikita , Vashist Yogesh , Chugh Palak , Bansal Nidhi , Minocha Neha 
Published: September 2022

Background:
Marijuana, also known as cannabis, is the second most widely used illegal
psychoactive substance smoked worldwide after tobacco, mainly due to the psychoactive effects
induced by D-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (9-THC). Cannabidiol (CBD) is extracted from cannabis
and may be used as an anti-inflammatory agent. Some patents on cannabidiol are discussed in
this review. The cannabinoid is a non-psychoactive isomer of the more infamous tetrahydrocannabinol
(THC); and is available in several administration modes, most known as CBD oil.

Objectives:
This study aims to provide an enhanced review of cannabidiol properties used in treating
inflammation. This review also emphasises the current safety profile of cannabidiol.

Method:
Cannabis is also called Marijuana. It is the second most commonly used illegal psychoactive
substance in the universe after tobacco. D-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (9-THC) present in cannabis
produces psychoactive effects. Cannabidiol (CBD) extracted from cannabis is used for antiinflammatory
purposes. Cannabis smoking causes various types of cancer, such as lung, tongue,
and jaw. The current review took literature from Google Scholar, PubMed, and Google Patents.
Many clinical investigations are included in this review.

Result:
After analysing the literature on cannabis, it has been suggested that although cannabis is
banned in some countries, it may be included in the treatment and mitigation of some diseases and
symptoms like pain management, epilepsy, cancer, and anxiety disorder. Mild side effects were
frequently observed in cannabis medications, which included infertility in females, liver damage,
etc.

Conclusion:
Cannabis contains chemical compounds such as the cannabinoids delta-9-
tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), a psychoactive substance, and non-psychoactive cannabidiol (CBD).
Cannabidiol has been confirmed as an efficient treatment of epilepsy in several clinical trials, with
one pure CBD product named Epidiolex. It is also used in treating anxiety and acne, as a pain reliever,
and has anti-inflammatory properties.
Clinical, Radiographic, and Histologic Outcomes of Regenerative Endodontic Treatment in Human Immature Teeth Using Different Biological Scaffolds: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Vatankhah Mohammadreza , Najary Shaghayegh , Dianat Omid 
Published: September 2022

Background:Biological scaffolds such as blood clot (BC), platelet-rich plasma (PRP), platelet- rich fibrin (PRF), and platelet pellet (PP) are used in regenerative endodontic treatments (RETs).Objective:To systematically and quantitatively evaluate clinical, radiographic, and histologic outcomes of RET studies using different biological scaffolds.Methods:MEDLINE, Scopus, Cochrane library, and Embase were searched to identify studies on RET procedures with any scaffold type performed on immature non-vital human teeth, employing any type of biological scaffold. Clinical, radiographic, and histologic outcomes were extracted. Cochrane collaboration risk of bias tool and Newcastle–Ottawa scale were used for quality assessment. Random and fixed model meta-analysis was carried out with 95% confidence interval.Results:Thirty-two studies were included in the qualitative analysis from the primarily retrieved 1895 studies. Only one study had high risk of bias and 71.8% of the studies had high quality. None of the studies reported any histologic findings. Thirty studies were included in meta-analysis. Clinical success rate of RET using either BC, PRP, or PRF was >99%. Furthermore, 32%, 23%, and 27% of BC, PRP, and PRF cases regained vitality, respectively. Periapical healing was seen in 67%, 75%, and 100% of BC, PRP, and PRF cases, respectively. There was no statistical difference between BC, PRP, or PRF regarding clinical success or any radiographic outcomes.Conclusion:There was no significant difference between BC, PRP, and PRF in terms of clinical and radiographic outcomes. When it is difficult or dangerous to induce bleeding in root canals, PRP and PRF may be employed instead.
The Impediments of Cancer Stem Cells and An Exploration into the Nanomedical
Solutions for Glioblastoma
Authors: Jain Harshil , Dhawan Priyal , Rao Sahana , Lalwani Nikita , Shand Harshita 
Published: September 2022

Abstract:
Glioblastoma is an aggressive and reccurent tumour that affects our brain and spinal cord with an extensively poor prognosis and death of the patient within 14-15 months of diagnosis. The tumour originates from astrocytes and therefore comes under the glioma known as astrocytoma. These tumours exhibit miscellaneous properties and contain cancer stem cells (CSCs). The stem cells exhibit diverse mechanisms through which these cells indulge in the proliferation and renewal of their systems. CSCs pose a significant obstacle as far as cancer therapy is concerned, which incorporates blocking important signalling pathways involved in CSCs’ self-renewal and survival which may also include inhibition of the ATP-binding cassette transporters. Nanomedicine, biomarkers and drug delivery technology-based approaches using nanoparticles have tremendous ability to tackle the restrictions impending clinical applications, such as diagnosis and targeting of CSC-specific agents. Nanocarrier-based therapeutic agents have shown a potential of penetrating CSCs and increasing drug accumulation in CSCs. Nanomedicine can overcome ATP-driven pump-mediated multidrug resistance while also reducing the harmful effects on non-cancerous cells. The objective of this review is to examine advantages of nanomedicine and the innovative approaches that have been explored to address the challenges presented by CSCs in order to control the progression of glioblastomas by developing novel nanotherapeutic interventions which target CSCs.
Molecular Docking Study of Potential Antimicrobial Photodynamic
Therapy as a Potent Inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease: An In silico
Insight
Authors: Bahador Abbas , Pourhajibagher Maryam 
Published: September 2022

Background:
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is rapidly
spreading. Recently, antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) using safe and cost-effective photosensitizers
has been introduced as a valuable therapy for the eradication of microbial infections.

Objective:
This in silico study aimed to investigate the potential of aPDT against SARS-CoV-2 main
protease (MPro).

Methods:
In this study, to evaluate possible inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 during aPDT, a computational
model of the SARS-CoV-2 MPro was constructed in complex with emodin, resveratrol, pterin, and hypericin
as the natural photosensitizers.

Results:
According to the molecular docking analysis of protein-ligand complexes, emodin and
resveratrol with a high affinity for SARS-CoV-2 MPro showed binding affinity -7.65 and -6.81
kcal/mol, respectively. All natural photosensitizers with ligand efficiency less than 0.3 fulfilled all the
criteria of Lipinski’s, Veber’s, and Pfizer’s rules, except hypericin. Also, the results of molecular dynamic
simulation confirmed the stability of the SARS-CoV-2 MPro and inhibitor complexes.

Conclusion:
As the results showed, emodin, resveratrol, and pterin could efficiently interact with the
MPro of SARS CoV-2. It can be concluded that aPDT using these natural photosensitizers may be considered
a potential SARS-CoV-2 MPro inhibitor to control COVID-19.
COVID-19 Mass Vaccination and Flu Season: Concern for Decreased
Public Health Measures and Worsening the Influenza Situation
Authors: Falahi Shahab , Kenarkoohi Azra , Mohamadi Jasem , Pakzad Iraj , Sayyadi Hojjat 
Published: September 2022

Abstract:
Reports show that other ordinary childhood infections like measles or Influenza are likely to reemerge. The re-emergence of infectious diseases may happen due to the direct impact of the pandemic on the community because of decreased access to health and medical services, interrupted transport systems, weaknesses in the supply chain, flight restrictions, closings of the border, and international trade problems. The most prevalent cause [60.9%] for low vaccine uptake and coverage during the current pandemic was fear of exposure to the COVID-19 virus outside the home. The expectation and hope that the pattern of reduction in transmission and number of influenza cases will continue over the next flu season depend on continued adherence to nonpharmaceutical interventions and their long-term application. But there is always the fear and threat of increasing the spread of Influenza by reducing the movement restrictions and low adherence to protective health measures due to vaccination. So far, not much information has been published about the interaction between different infectious diseases in the background of the coronavirus pandemic and related interventions. The purpose of this article is to examine the general effects of the Covid-19 vaccination on the spread of Influenza in the coming seasons.
Micronutrients and Plant Food Bioactive Compounds Against Obesity
Related Diseases
Authors: Azzini Elena , Barnaba Lorenzo , Ciarapica Donatella , Polito Angela 
Published: September 2022

Background:
The adipose tissue influences by an extensive crosstalk at the local and
systemic level the energy balance, including storage, mobilization, and utilization at both central
and peripheral sites in response to specific external stimuli or metabolic changes. The balance
between energy intake and expenditure is a delicate equilibrium among multifactorial aspects
ranging from genetic to environmental influences.

Aim:
The evidence from several recently published papers dealing with the topic of the beneficial
health effects of micronutrient and plant bioactive compounds on obesity and/or comorbidities
has been reported in this paper.

Methodology:
MEDLINE database (PubMed database; National Library of Medicine, Bethesda,
MD and Google Scholar) was searched by combining the terms of specific micronutrients and/or
plant bioactive compounds associated with obesity and related comorbidities. All English
language manuscripts published between 2005 and 2021 in the MEDLINE database were
searched, selected, and reviewed here.

Conclusion:
People do not consume single food or ingredients but global composite diets; thus,
the evaluation of mechanisms of action, efficacy and safety of vitamins and mineral and natural
bioactive compounds is still a challenge in research on nutrition and food supplements.
A Biotechnological Review on Patents Applied to Rubella Diagnosis
Authors: da Silva Jonatas Oliveira , dos Santos Michelli , Silva Ana Amélia Maia , Ferreira André Vinícius Fernandes , Nogueira Laís Moreira , Gandra Isadora Braga , Junior Silvio José Elisei Carvalho , Machado Juliana Martins , Gonçalves Ana Alice Maia , Giunchetti Rodolfo Cordeiro , Campos-da-Paz Mariana , Galdino Alexsandro Sobreira 
Published: September 2022

Background:
Rubella, caused by the Rubella virus (RV), is considered a mild
self-limited illness. However, RV has teratogenic potential. Laboratory investigation plays
an important role in both diagnosis and surveillance of the disease. The main methods for
diagnosing Rubella are serological assays for the detection of specific IgM and molecular
assays for detecting viral RNA. However, some laboratories perform IgG avidity testing,
virus isolation and analysis of genetic sequence as tools to help Rubella eradication. The
importance of the diagnosis of Rubella involves the appropriate treatment of the disease,
because the Rubella clinical symptoms may be similar to those of other diseases, and the
population monitoring to avoid new emergent cases. This study addresses different methods
of diagnosing Rubella and contributes as a source of knowledge to assist health systems
in controlling the disease.

Objective:
The main objective of this study was to review the available patents regarding
Rubella diagnosis published in intellectual property databases, and provides an overview of
the technologies available for the diagnosis of Rubella.

Method:
The search strategy was based on the keywords searched separately or together
using a Boolean operator either in the patent title or abstract the time interval was restricted
to patents filed or granted from January 2009 until February 2022. The database used was
Google Patents.

Results:
This study analyzed 24 patent documents regarding strategies for the diagnosis of
Rubella. Of these, 15 patents disclose strategies for detecting Rubella antibodies, 7 patents
the detection of Rubella virus nucleic acid, and 2 patents the production of antibodies applied
in Rubella diagnosis.

Conclusion:
Rubella is still a public health problem in some countries, mainly those in development,
especially due to congenital Rubella syndrome, which can cause malformation
or fetal death. However, its diagnosis is challenging, due to similarity of symptoms with
other diseases, and for this reason, laboratory diagnosis is essential. Studies like this encourage
researchers and governments to invest in research to continue the development of
new products, using different areas of biotechnology, to solve society's problems, especially
diseases that have an impact on global health, such as Rubella.