bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of ozone treatment on lignification and postharvest quality of water bamboo shoots
Authors: Liu Ruiling , Wang Huizhi , Yang Hailong , Zhang Hanqing , Chen Jisuan , Gao Haiyan , Chen Hangjun 
Published: August 2022

AbstractOzone treatment is a useful approach to maintain postharvest quality for various fruits and vegetables. In this study, the effects of ozone fumigation on lignification and postharvest quality changes in water bamboo shoots were investigated. Water bamboo shoots were respectively treated with ozone at the concentrations of 0 (control), 3, 6, 9, and 12 µl L−1, packaged in polyethylene packing bag and stored at 2 ± 1°C for 60 days. The results showed that ozone treatment maintained the lightness, whiteness index values and retarded the lignification during storage. Water bamboo shoots treated with 9 µl L−1 ozone showed the best fruit quality and the least lignification. Ozone treatment also slowed the decrease of soluble pectin content and cellulose accumulation by inhibiting the activities of cellulase (Cx) and polygalacturonase. In addition, ozone treatment also protected cell ultrastructure. Ozone treatment could be a potential alternative for inhibiting lignification and delaying quality deterioration of water bamboo shoots during storage.
Guidelines for HTRF technology in EGFR kinase assay
Authors: Liang Yuan , Zhang Tiehua 
Published: August 2022

AbstractEpidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is among the first discovered transmembrane receptor tyrosine kinases. Ligand binding to the extracellular domain of EGFR results in the formation of homo‐dimeric or hetero‐dimeric complexes, activation, and auto‐phosphorylation in the intracellular tyrosine kinase domain, then regulates the cell's proliferation, differentiation, migration, and invasion. It has been reported that EGFR is overexpressed, amplified, or mutated in several epithelial tumors. EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR‐TKIs) specifically bind to the tyrosine kinase domain of EGFR. Homogeneous time‐resolved fluorescence (HTRF) assay is successfully used in kinase assays and is a crucial tool in the drug discovery of various kinases. Moreover, the HTRF assay has been determined to exhibit many advantages, such as being easy to miniaturize, simple to read, and excellent to repeat. In these guidelines, the theory, materials, and reagent preparation of HTRF kinase assay are described and emphasized. Furthermore, the protocol and optimization of the assay are determined to establish an HTRF screening platform, then an optimized HTRF kinase assay is performed to test the compounds for screening potential EGFR‐TKIs. In addition, these guidelines can contribute to verifying the high‐throughput screening results of HTRF and help to reveal the underlying mechanism of the EGFR kinase and tested compounds.
Extraction processes reduce polyphosphate ion migration, dispersion and diffusion as detected with gel electrophoresis and 31P DOSY NMR
Authors: Manoukian Lori , Correa José A. , Stein Robin S. , Frigon Dominic , Omelon Sidney 
Published: August 2022

AbstractInorganic polyphosphates (polyPs) have been identified in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells alike. Various extraction methods have been optimized as a necessary step before identification and measurement of these polymers. Three commercially available sodium polyP glasses were either dissolved or dissolved and extracted by two commonly used polyP extraction techniques – perchloric acid or buffered phenol–chloroform. The products were separated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE), stained with toluidine blue O, and the migration results quantitatively compared. Both extraction processes reduced the relative migration distances of the peak and leading edges, and the stained band lengths, suggesting reduced polyP migration and dispersion. 31P diffusion‐ordered spectroscopy nuclear magnetic resonance confirmed that polyP extraction by perchloric acid or phenol–chloroform processes reduced polyP diffusion coefficients and suggested hydrolytic degradation with stronger end‐chain signals. Reduced polyP diffusivity after extraction makes possible an overestimation of synthetic polyP chain length assignment when compared to unextracted polyP ladders with PAGE. The mechanism(s) for reduced synthetic polyP diffusion after extraction and intracellular chemical environment effects on migration are not known.
Microfluidic systems in clinical diagnosis
Authors: Lapizco‐Encinas Blanca H. , Zhang Yan Victoria 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe use of microfluidic devices is highly attractive in the field of biomedical and clinical assessments, as their portability and fast response time have become crucial in providing opportune therapeutic treatments to patients. The applications of microfluidics in clinical diagnosis and point‐of‐care devices are continuously growing. The present review article discusses three main fields where miniaturized devices are successfully employed in clinical applications. The quantification of ions, sugars, and small metabolites is examined considering the analysis of bodily fluids samples and the quantification of this type of analytes employing real‐time wearable devices. The discussion covers the level of maturity that the devices have reached as well as cost‐effectiveness. The analysis of proteins with clinical relevance is presented and organized by the function of the proteins. The last section covers devices that can perform single‐cell metabolomic and proteomic assessments. Each section discusses several strategically selected recent reports on microfluidic devices successfully employed for clinical assessments, to provide the reader with a wide overview of the plethora of novel systems and microdevices developed in the last 5 years. In each section, the novel aspects and main contributions of each reviewed report are highlighted. Finally, the conclusions and future outlook section present a summary and speculate on the future direction of the field of miniaturized devices for clinical applications.
A Review of Empirical Evidence that Examines the Effectiveness of Harvest Regulation Evaluations in Freshwater Systems: A Systematic, Standardized Collaborative Approach
Authors: Chestnut-Faull Kristen , Mather Martha , Phelps Quinton , Shoup Dan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Harvest regulations are important tools that fisheries professionals use to impact fish abundance, alter population size structure, and improve fishing opportunities. Fisheries professionals often assume that specialized harvest regulations will have specific effects on target fish populations, but these predictions are not always realized because theory and practice do not always match (literature indicates that predictions are not met in about half of the cases). To identify trends that can improve the future success of harvest regulations, we reviewed a representative sample of harvest regulation evaluations for inland sport fish (i.e., 62 evaluations from 41 studies). Our review revealed gaps related to quantitative predictions, evaluation duration, statistical design, researcher–manager collaboration, and data standardization. Fisheries professionals can benefit from shared and thoughtful data collection designs and protocol standardizations. These designs can transform assessment sampling into empirical regulation evaluations that provide generality across locations and time periods with similar effort and cost.
Genotype and environment interaction and stability of grain yield and oil content of rapeseed cultivars
Authors: Qasemi Seyed Hamed , Mostafavi Khodadad , Khosroshahli Mahmoud , Bihamta Mohammad Reza , Ramshini Hossein 
Published: August 2022

AbstractInvestigating the interaction of genotype and environment in multi‐environment experiments (MET) is one of the reliable techniques to demonstrate the most stable and compatible cultivars. The main contribution of this study is to evaluate the stability and compatibility of rapeseed cultivars using additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) and genotype plus genotype environment interaction (GGE) bi‐plot methods for grain yield and oil content. For this purpose, an experiment in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications was conducted for 10 rapeseed cultivars across 10 environments (five regions in 2 years). Hence, the proposed technique can be used to identify the superior cultivars corresponding to the multivariant properties including yield and oil content. To do so, a case‐study analysis was conducted over rapeseed, while more than 96% of the data variance for grain yield and more than 94% of the data variance for oil content were explained based on the AMMI model. According to the AMMI model, it was observed that the “Zarfam” and “Licord” genotypes were introduced as favorable genotypes for grain yield and oil content, respectively. “Karaj1” and “Sanandaj1” were selected as the superior environments for yield trait, “Kashmar2” for oil content, and “Licord” and “Kashmar2” were identified as the superior genotypes and environment for oil content, respectively. Graphical GGE bi‐plot illustrated that “Hyola401,” “Okapi,” and “Sarigol” for grain yield and “Option500” and “Sunday” for oil content were identified as stable and high‐yield genotypes. “Sanandaj1” for grain yield and “Karaj2” for oil content were identified as environments with high differentiation and screening power.
Aging successfully, but still vulnerable: Late life experiences of older adults who have recovered from alcohol use disorder
Authors: Kermel‐Schiffman Ile , Gavriel‐Fried Belle 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe population of older adults suffering from alcohol use disorder (AUD) is increasing worldwide. Recovery from AUD among older adults is a challenging process which can lead to amelioration in these individuals' physical, mental, familial and social domains. However, little is known about the life experiences of older adults who have recovered from AUD.MethodA qualitative‐naturalistic approach was implemented. Semi‐structured in‐depth interviews were conducted with 20 older adults, age 60 +, who had recovered from AUD for periods ranging from 1 to 9 years.ResultsThree main categories emerged from the content analysis: a) Regrets, self‐forgiveness and a desire to remedy past wrongs; b) successful aging and eagerness to live; c) enduring challenges. These categories reflect the complex and multidimensional experiences of older adults who have recovered from AUD.ConclusionOlder adults who recover from AUD report experiencing successful aging. They are willing to engage in new ventures in late life, live actively and age healthfully. However, despite their positive outlook, older adults recovering from AUD are a vulnerable population, especially when they experience marginalization as post‐AUD older adults. This underscores the need to reach out to this population and the host of challenges they face to provide supportive treatments and interventions from interdisciplinary professionals who can guide their recovery from AUD and help them flourish in late life.
How (not) to promote sub‐national ownership of national initiatives in decentralised health systems: The free maternal and child health programme in Nigeria, 2008–2015
Authors: Ezenwaka Uchenna , Abimbola Seye , Onwujekwe Obinna 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundPromoting the sub‐national ownership of national health initiatives is essential for efforts to achieve national health goals in federal systems where sub‐national governments are semi‐autonomous. Between 2008 and 2015, Nigerian government implemented a pilot free maternal and child health (MCH) programme in selected states to improve MCH by reducing physical and financial barriers of access to services. This study was conducted to better understand why the programme was neither adopted nor scaled‐up by sub‐national governments after pilot phase.MethodsWe conducted a qualitative evaluation of the programme in Imo and Niger States, with data from programme documents, in‐depth interviews (45) and focus group discussions (16) at State and community levels. Data was analysed using manual thematic coding approach.ResultOur analysis indicates that the programme design had two mutually dependent goals, which were also in tension with one another: 1. To ensure programme performance, the designers sought to shield its implementation from sub‐national government politics and bureaucracy; and 2. To gain the buy‐in of the same sub‐national government politicians and bureaucrats, the designers sought to demonstrate programme performance. The potential for community advocacy for sub‐national adoption and scale‐up was not considered in the design. Therefore, limited involvement of sub‐national governments in the programme design limited sub‐national ownership during implementation. And limited oversight of implementation by sub‐national government policymakers limited programme performance.ConclusionEfforts to promote sub‐national ownership of national initiatives in decentralised health systems should prioritise inclusiveness in design, implementation, and oversight, and well‐resourced community advocacy to sub‐national governments for adoption and scale‐up.
Assessment of resilience levels among Sri Lankan nurses: Is there room for improvement?
Authors: Walpita Yasaswi N. , Arambepola Carukshi 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundDeveloping resilience at work is an effective primary preventive measure for occupational stress. The study aimed to adopt a tool and measure current resilience levels and determine the association of work‐related characteristics on resilience among Sri Lankan nurses.MethodsTranslated, culturally adapted and validated Resilience at Work Scale‐ Sinhala version (RAW‐S) was used to measure resilience levels in a sample of 855 government nurses from a health district. The mean RAW‐S scores were calculated and appropriate cut off points were used to determine the prevalence of ‘high’, ‘moderate’ and ‘low’ resilience. Chi square test was used to determine the associations.ResultsThe overall mean RAW‐S score was 69.6 (95% CI = 68.9–70.3) and the scores ranged from 28.5 to 90.3. Only 28.4% (95% CI = 25.4–31.6) of nurses showed ‘high’ level of resilience at work, while 55.6% (95% CI = 52.1–58.9) & 16.0% (95% CI = 13.7–18.7) had shown ‘moderate’ and ‘low’ levels of resilience respectively. The resilience levels differed significantly (p < 0.05) by type of ward that they work and by work experience.ConclusionsThis was the first study that examined the resilience levels in any health care worker category in Sri Lanka. The need of targeted, well‐designed resilience building programme for ever burdened government sector nurses is clearly shown from the results, as more than two thirds of nurses had ‘moderate’ or ‘low’ level of resilience, which may not be good enough to combat the constant work stress they face on daily basis.
Impaired immunity and high attack rates caused by SARS‐CoV‐2 variants among vaccinated long‐term care facility residents
Authors: Obach Dorothée , Solastie Anna , Liedes Oona , Vara Saimi , Krzyżewska‐Dudek Eva , Brinkmann Luise , Haveri Anu , Hammer Charlotte C. , Dub Timothée , Meri Seppo , Freitag Tobias L. , Lyytikäinen Outi , Melin Merit 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIntroductionLong‐term care facilities (LTCF) residents are at high risk for severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), and therefore, COVID‐19 vaccinations were prioritized for residents and personnel in Finland at the beginning of 2021.MethodsWe investigated COVID‐19 outbreaks in two LTCFs, where residents were once or twice vaccinated. After the outbreaks we measured immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 spike glycoprotein, neutralizing antibody (NAb) titers, and cell‐mediated immunity markers from residents and healthcare workers (HCWs).ResultsIn LTFC‐1, the outbreak was caused by an Alpha variant (B.1.1.7) and the attack rate (AR) among once vaccinated residents was 23%. In LTCF‐2 the outbreak was caused by a Beta variant (B.1.351). Its AR was 47% although all residents had received their second dose 1 month before the outbreak. We observed that vaccination had induced lower IgG concentrations, NAb titers and cell‐mediated immune responses in residents compared to HCWs. Only 1/8 residents had NAb to the Beta variant after two vaccine doses.ConclusionsThe vaccinated elderly remain susceptible to breakthrough infections caused by Alpha and Beta variants. The weaker vaccine response in the elderly needs to be addressed in vaccination protocols, while new variants capable of evading vaccine‐induced immunity continue to emerge.
The effect of COVID‐19 on telehealth: Next steps in a post‐pandemic life
Authors: Liang Su‐Ying , Richardson Michael T. , Wong Deanna , Chen Tony , Colocci Natalia , Kapp Daniel S. , de Bruin Monique , Kurian Allison , Chan John K. 
Published: August 2022

SynopsisOlder patients and those who require interpreters are least likely to use telehealth for gynecologic oncology care, showing disparities which continued after statewide vaccinations.
Recent advances and trends in the applications of MXene nanomaterials for tissue engineering and regeneration
Authors: Zhong Yongjin , Huang Si , Feng Zeru , Fu Yu , Mo Anchun 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMXene, as a new two‐dimensional nanomaterial, is endowed with lots of particular properties, such as large surface area, excellent conductivity, biocompatibility, biodegradability, hydrophilicity, antibacterial activity, and so on. In the past few years, MXene nanomaterials have become a rising star in biomedical fields including biological imaging, tumor diagnosis, biosensor, and tissue engineering. In this review, we sum up the recent applications of MXene nanomaterials in the field of tissue engineering and regeneration. First, we briefly introduced the synthesis and surface modification engineering of MXene. Then we focused on the application and development of MXene and MXene‐based composites in skin, bone, nerve and heart tissue engineering. Uniquely, we also paid attention to some research on MXene with few achievements at present but might become a new trend in tissue engineering and regeneration in the future. Finally, this paper will also discuss several challenges faced by MXene nanomaterials in the clinical application of tissue engineering.
Detailed insight into chromium species released from failed CoCrMo implants: Ex vivo periprosthetic tissues study
Authors: Pechancová Radka , Gallo Jiří , Baron Daniel , Milde David , Antal Peter , Slobodová Zuzana , Lemr Karel , Pluháček Tomáš 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis unique study provides information on Cr species and their distribution in periprosthetic tissues of patients with metal‐on‐polyethylene joint implants. Co–Cr–Mo alloy has been widely used in joint replacement and represents a source of metal derived species. In the case of chromium, previous studies on periprosthetic tissues revealed mainly Cr(III) distribution, whereas the potential release of carcinogenic Cr(VI) species has been still a subject of debate. Here, an analytical approach utilizing speciation and fractionation was developed to analyze periprosthetic tissue samples collected from wide range of patients with failed total hip or knee replacements. The results reveal that Cr(III) is mainly released in the form of insoluble CrPO4 and Cr2O3 particles. The highest Cr contents were found in periprosthetic tissues of patients suffering from aseptic loosening and having more Cr‐based implants in the body. Cr species penetrated tissue layers, but their levels decreased with the distance from an implant. The detailed speciation/fractionation study carried out using the set of consecutive periprosthetic tissues of a patient with extensive metallosis showed the presence of trace amounts of free Cr(III), nanoparticles, and metal‐protein complexes, but the majority of Cr still occurred in CrPO4 form. Carcinogenic Cr(VI) species were not detected. Up to date, there is no published human tissue study focused on the detailed speciation of both soluble and insoluble Cr‐based species in the context of failing total hip and knee replacements.
Development of a simple and rapid fluorescent aptasensor based on DNA tweezer
Authors: Zhao Luyang , He Xing , Liu Yong , Wei Min , Jin Huali 
Published: August 2022

AbstractUtilizing the flexible spatial structure and dynamic conformational change of DNA tweezer (DT), a simple and fast fluorescent aptasensor based on fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) was designed. The hinge region and the overhang region were optimized to obtain the satisfied flexibility and controllably conformational change. Using ochratoxin A (OTA) as a simulation target, the established aptasensor showed a simple and time‐saving procedure, higher sensitivity, good selectivity, and good stability with a detection limit of 0.024 ng/ml. Besides, the aptasensor exhibited favorable accuracy with recoveries of 95–103% for spiked cereal samples. The proposed fluorescent aptasensor has a promising potential for the rapid and reliable detection of targets.
Bidirectional associations between sleep problems and behavioural difficulties and health‐related quality of life in adolescents: Evidence from the SCAMP longitudinal cohort study
Authors: Shen Chen , Mireku Michael O. , Di Simplicio Martina , Dumontheil Iroise , Thomas Michael S. C. , Röösli Martin , Elliott Paul , Toledano Mireille B. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundSleep problems show associations with negative outcomes in both physical and mental health in adolescents, but the associations may be reciprocal. We aimed to assess bidirectional associations between sleep problems and mental health symptoms including behavioural difficulties (internalising and externalising difficulties) and low health‐related quality of life (HRQoL).MethodsA total of 6616 adolescents (52.4% females) across Greater London completed baseline assessments when they were aged 11–12 years, and 3803 of them (57.2% females) completed follow‐up assessments at aged 13–15 years. Weekday and weekend sleep duration were derived from self‐reported bedtime, sleep onset latency and wake time. Sleep disturbance was assessed using a standardized sleep disturbance scale. Internalising and externalising difficulties were assessed using subscales of the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire. HRQoL was assessed using the KIDSCREEN‐10 questionnaire. Cross‐lagged structural equation modelling was used with multiple imputation to examine bidirectional associations between sleep problems and mental health symptoms.ResultsFemales had greater internalising difficulties, worse HRQoL and more sleep disturbance than males. Persistent insufficient weekday and weekend sleep, and sleep disturbance (i.e., at both baseline and follow‐up) were associated with internalising and externalising difficulties and low HRQoL at follow‐up (ORs ranged from 1.53 to 3.63). Persistent externalising difficulties and low HRQoL were also associated with insufficient weekend sleep and sleep disturbance at follow‐up (ORs ranged from 1.68 to 4.25). Using continuous variables, we found bidirectional associations between weekday sleep duration and HRQoL, weekend sleep duration and externalising score, sleep quality and internalising score, and sleep quality and HRQoL. The association magnitudes were mostly similar in the two directions.ConclusionsOur study showed bidirectional associations between sleep problems and mental health symptoms during adolescence, indicating that early intervention and treatment on the first‐occurring symptom may prevent the development of subsequent problems.