bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Atypical sensory processing features in children with autism, and their relationships with maladaptive behaviors and caregiver strain
Authors: Griffin Zoe A. M. , Boulton Kelsie A. , Thapa Rinku , DeMayo Marilena M. , Ambarchi Zahava , Thomas Emma , Pokorski Izabella , Hickie Ian B. , Guastella Adam J. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAtypical sensory processing occurs in up to 97% of children on the autism spectrum. Children who are on the autism spectrum also commonly demonstrate challenging behaviors, and their caregivers report increased levels of strain in daily life. The aim of this study was to explore four sensory processing features; seeking, avoiding, sensitivity, and registration, and their relationships with maladaptive behaviors in children with autism, as well as with caregiver strain. Participants comprised 75 children with autism aged 7–12 years (M = 7.81). Caregivers completed three questionnaire measures examining child sensory processing, maladaptive behaviors, and perceptions of caregiver strain. We found avoiding significantly associated with irritability. Avoiding also displayed the strongest relationship with global caregiver strain. Avoiding and seeking were strongly related to hyperactivity/noncompliance (components of maladaptive behavior). A multiple regression was performed to explore how atypical sensory processing features and maladaptive behaviors together predicted caregiver strain. Together, maladaptive behaviors and sensory features accounted for 58% of the variance in total caregiver strain. The only significant individual predictor of total caregiver strain was sensory avoiding, which uniquely accounted for 5.76% of the variation. The findings suggest that atypical sensory processing is associated with overall caregiver strain, above that explained by maladaptive behaviors. Implications for targeted support for the benefit of the child, parents and family unit are discussed.Lay summaryChildren who are on the autism spectrum often have differences in sensory processing. These children also tend to show challenging behaviors, and their caregivers can experience increased stress. This study looked at how sensory processing difficulties relate to such behaviors and caregiver stress. We found that both sensory processing and challenging behaviors were related to the amount of stress caregivers felt. This suggests that interventions may benefit from looking at sensory processing features when considering how to help reduce challenging behaviors and caregiver stress.
Issue framing and public willingness to pay water and sewer rate increases
Authors: Teodoro Manuel P. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis study uses an embedded survey experiment to evaluate the effects of issue framing on willingness to pay water and sewer rate increases. Government‐owned utilities require public support for financial resources, and so managers must communicate the value of their services to their customers. Water and wastewater utilities provide several benefits; little systematic evidence exists on which resonate with the public. In this study, respondents in a U.S. national survey were randomly assigned to one of four framing treatments in a question about support for a hypothetical rate increase: reduced pollution, safer drinking water, better tasting drinking water, and low‐income affordability. Compared with the other treatments, the safer drinking water framing yielded 11.2% greater average willingness to pay a rate increase. Multivariate analysis shows that Republican partisans and women responded especially positively to safe drinking water framing. Results have important implications for utilities' outreach and public communications efforts.
Improved HPLC method for the determination of ribavirin concentration in red blood cells and its application in patients with COVID‐19
Authors: Liu Liang , Guo Sixun , Che Chunli , Su Quanming , Zhu Deqiu , Hai Xin 
Published: March 2022

AbstractRibavirin is a synthetic, broad‐spectrum antiviral drug. Ribavirin is recommended as an antiviral drug in the Interim Guidance for Diagnosis and Treatment (the seventh edition) of COVID‐19. The ribavirin levels in red blood cells may be closely related to both its efficacy and adverse drug reactions. In this study, a simple and fast HPLC–UV method was established to determine the concentrations of total ribavirin in the red blood cells of 13 patients with COVID‐19. Phosphorylated ribavirin was dephosphorylated by phosphatase incubation to obtain the total amount of ribavirin in red blood cells. The chromatographic column was an Atlantis C18. The recoveries were 85.45–89.05% at three levels. A good linear response was from 1 to 200 μg/ml, with a correlation coefficient of r2 = 0.9991. The concentration of total ribavirin in the red blood cells of the patients ranged from 30.83 to 133.34 μg/ml. The same samples without phosphatase incubation ranged from 4.07 to 20.84 μg/ml. About 85% of ribavirin was phosphorylated in red blood cells. In addition, we observed changes in these patients' hematological parameters and found that the erythrocyte, hemoglobin and hematocrit declined to the lowest levels on the fifth day after discontinuation of ribavirin (p < 0.05).
Effects of different physical training protocols on inflammatory markers in Zymosan‐induced rheumatoid arthritis in Wistar rats
Authors: Damasceno de Lima Robson , Pedersen Matheus , Costa do Bomfim Fernando Russo , Chiarotto Gabriela Bortolança , Canciglieri Paulo Henrique , Pauli José Rodrigo , Felonato Maíra 
Published: March 2022

AbstractRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by inflammation and involvement of the synovial membrane, causing joint damage and deformities. No effective drug treatment is available, and physical exercise has been utilized to alleviate the inflammatory processes. This study aimed to investigate the effects of different exercise training protocols on Zymosan‐induced RA inflammatory markers in the right knee of Wistar rats. The rodents were subjected to aerobic, resisted, and combined physical training protocols with variations in the total training volume (50% or 100% of resistance and aerobic training volume) for 8 weeks. All physical training protocols reduced cachexia and systemic inflammatory processes. The histological results showed an increase in the inflammatory influx to the synovial tissue of the right knee in all physical training protocols. The rats that underwent combined physical training with reduced volume had a lower inflammatory influx compared to the other experimental groups. A reduction in the mRNA expression of inflammatory genes and an increase in anti‐inflammatory gene expression were also observed. The physical training protocol associated with volume reduction attenuated systemic and synovial inflammation of the right knee, reducing the impact of Zymosan‐induced RA in rats.
Structural Properties Dictating Selective Optotracer Detection of Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Butina Karen , Lantz Linda , Choong Ferdinand X. , Tomac Ana , Shirani Hamid , Löffler Susanne , Nilsson K. Peter R. , Richter‐Dahlfors Agneta 
Published: March 2022

AbstractOptotracers are conformation‐sensitive fluorescent tracer molecules that detect peptide‐ and carbohydrate‐based biopolymers. Their binding to bacterial cell walls allows selective detection and visualisation of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). Here, we investigated the structural properties providing optimal detection of S. aureus. We quantified spectral shifts and fluorescence intensity in mixes of bacteria and optotracers, using automatic peak analysis, cross‐correlation, and area‐under‐curve analysis. We found that the length of the conjugated backbone and the number of charged groups, but not their distribution, are important factors for selective detection of S. aureus. The photophysical properties of optotracers were greatly improved by incorporating a donor‐acceptor‐donor (D‐A‐D)‐type motif in the conjugated backbone. With significantly reduced background and binding‐induced on‐switch of fluorescence, these optotracers enabled real‐time recordings of S. aureus growth. Collectively, this demonstrates that chemical structure and photophysics are key tunable characteristics in the development of optotracers for selective detection of bacterial species.
Trichoderma‐Derived Pentapeptides from the Infected Nest Mycobiome of the Subterranean Termite Coptotermes testaceus
Authors: Oberpaul Markus , Brinkmann Stephan , Spohn Marius S. , Mihajlovic Sanja , Marner Michael , Patras Maria A. , Toti Luigi , Kurz Michael , Hammann Peter E. , Vilcinskas Andreas , Glaeser Jens , Schäberle Till F. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractTermites live in a dynamic environment where colony health is strongly influenced by surrounding microbes. However, little is known about the mycobiomes of lower termites and their nests, and how these change in response to disease. Here we compared the individual and nest mycobiomes of a healthy subterranean termite colony (Coptotermes testaceus) to one infected and ultimately eradicated by a fungal pathogen. We identified Trichoderma species in the materials of both nests, but they were also abundant in the infected termites. Methanolic extracts of Trichoderma sp. FHG000531, isolated from the infected nest, were screened for secondary metabolites by UHPLC‐HR MS/MS‐guided molecular networking. We identified many bioactive compounds with potential roles in the eradication of the infected colony, as well as a cluster of six unknown peptides. The novel peptide FE011 was isolated and characterized by NMR spectroscopy. The function of this novel peptide family as well as the role of Trichoderma species in dying termite colonies therefore requires further investigation.
Ultra‐stable Molecular Interface SiW12Ox/TiO2 Catalyst Derived from Keggin‐type Polyoxometalates for Photocatalytic Conversion of Methane to Oxygenates
Authors: Sun Helong , Hu Lufa , Li Zhangyang , Lang Junyu , Wang Chunling , Liu Xiaohao , Hang Hu Yun , Jin Fangming 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe interface and surface acidity of heterogeneous catalysts are widely applied to manipulate the catalytic performance. However, the interface structure prepared by traditional synthesis processes required multistep procedures, which was still lack of controllability and stability. Here, we show a general synthetic approach to fabricate ultra‐stable heterogeneous catalysts with tailored molecular interfacial structure and super acidity in one step. The as‐synthesized SiW12Ox/TiO2 catalyst was used for photo‐catalytic conversion of methane to value‐added oxygenates. We propose that the formed molecular interface W12−OH−Ti coupled with the introduced Brønsted acid sites of POMs, results in enhancing the photocatalytic performance. Namely, the addition of SiW12Ox can reduce the recombination of electrons and holes for triggering charge separation owing to the photoelectron capturing by proton, improving electron transfer to reactants and thereby promoting catalytic activity. This fabrication method provides a way to build molecular interface photo‐catalyst by POMs with super acidity and ultra‐stable structure.
Nondiagnostic category of Milan System for Reporting Pediatric Salivary Gland Cytopathology: outcomes and root cause analysis
Authors: Wang Huiying , Liang Jiancong , Belcher Ryan H. , Compton Margaret L. , Weiss Vivian Lee , Ely Kim A. , Johnson Joyce E. , Coogan Alice C. 
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUNDFine‐needle aspiration (FNA) results classified as the nondiagnostic category of the Milan system for reporting salivary gland cytopathology (MSRSGC) may be infrequently encountered in children. Clinical management may be challenging due to lack of data regarding outcomes and underlying causes.METHODSWe retrospectively analyzed 106 consecutive pediatric salivary gland FNAs (2000‐2020; 45% performed under image guidance). The outcomes of patients with nondiagnostic results were analyzed. Clinical parameters, FNA procedural parameters, and histopathologic parameters were compared between diagnostic and nondiagnostic cases. A root cause analysis was performed using the fishbone diagram and the 5 Whys method.RESULTSA total of 103 initial FNAs were identified. The nondiagnostic rates for initial and repeat biopsy were 16% (16/103) and 67% (2/3), respectively. Initial nondiagnostic FNAs were most frequently managed by clinical/radiologic follow‐up only (56%, 9/16), followed by direct surgery (19%, 3/16) and repeat FNA (19%, 3/16). By histologic and clinical/radiologic follow‐up, the risk of malignancy for nondiagnostic cases was zero. Palpation guidance (P < .05), inadequate sampling determined by rapid on‐site evaluation (P < .01), and lesions with cystic, vascular, or diffuse nature (P < .05) were significantly associated with nondiagnostic results. By root cause analysis, proceduralist sampling error and lack of ultrasound guidance were the most common primary and secondary causes, respectively.CONCLUSIONSPediatric salivary gland lesions of the nondiagnostic MSRSGC category have minimal risk of malignancy and may be successfully managed by clinical/radiologic follow‐up. The root causes for nondiagnostic results were often multifactorial and primarily related to proceduralist sampling, characteristics of the lesions, and lack of ultrasound guidance.;
Tumour endothelial cells for translational research and therapeutics
Authors: Xie Linshan , Guo Peipei , Xiang Meng , Song Yuanlin , Wang Xiangdong , Powell Charles A. , Bai Chunxue , Yang Dawei 
Published: March 2022

AbstractTumour vascularization plays an important role in tumour development and progression. Tumour endothelial cells (TECs) form the inner lining of tumour blood vessels. TECs are mainly derived from endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs); however, it is increasingly evident that in some tumours, TECs are also transformed from cancer stem cells. TECs are different from normal endothelial cells (NECs) in many aspects. On the one hand, the hierarchy of TECs is disorganized, leading to perturbed blood flow, and creating a hypoxic microenvironment in the tumour tissues, which stimulates tumour blood vessels to grow into the tumour tissues. However, the normal endothelial structure is intact, and blood flow is smooth. On the other hand, TECs are more dependent on glycolysis, mitochondrial respiration, and fatty acid metabolism, so there are many potential targets for anti‐angiogenesis therapy. TECs and NECs differ in their gene expressions; biological function experiments have demonstrated that TECs and NECs have different phenotypes. This is essentially caused by gene mutations in TECs. Previous reports mostly described TECs as endothelial cells covering the inner surface of tumour blood vessels. Up to now, there is no clear definition of a group of cells as TECs. Based on this, we summarize the characteristics of TECs as follows. (1) They are derived from EPCs or tumour stem cells. (2) They have up‐regulation of glycolysis, mitochondrial respiration, and fatty acid metabolism. (3) They secrete different cytokines. (4) Some TECs highly express epidermal growth factor receptor and interleukin‐4 receptor. (5) They are distributed around or in tumours and play an important role in the processes of tumour growth, development, and metastasis.
An efficient framework for processing big data in internet of things enabled cloud environments
Authors: N Sai Lohitha , Kumar Pounambal Muthu 
Published: March 2022

SummaryInternet of Things (IoT) is a platform which connects the objects through the Internet. The IoT devices have limited processing capabilities. This makes the processing and analyzing huge amount of data as a challenging task in IoT environment. Due to this disadvantage of IoT devices, it cannot be used in many useful applications where they are mostly required. Hence, a technique which helps in overcoming this disadvantage is mostly desired. One of the desired technologies is the cloud computing. The cloud computing has rich set of resources, and it is efficient in processing and analyzing data irrespective of its type and quantity. The services of the cloud will be provided by a cloud service provider (CSP). Selecting an appropriate cloud service provider is a major issue in an integrated environment of IoT and Cloud. Therefore, the focus of this paper is on cloud collaboration with IoT environment with suitable CSPs. A multi‐objective genetic algorithm to find the optimized solution is proposed in this paper. The Non‐dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm 2 (NSGAII) and Strength Pareto Evolutionary Algorithm 2 (SPEA2) are used to analyze the performance of the proposed algorithm. The Profit Information (PI) to the individual and Trust Relationship (TR) value are considered as the objectives for selecting the CSPs. The results demonstrated that the proposed Multi‐objective Genetic Algorithm (MGA) algorithm along with NSGAII performs more efficiently than MGA algorithm with SPEA2.
An appraisal of anticancer activity with structure–activity relationship of quinazoline and quinazolinone analogues through EGFR and VEGFR inhibition: A review
Authors: Haider Kashif , Das Subham , Joseph Alex , Yar M. Shahar 
Published: March 2022

AbstractCancer is one of the leading causes of death. Globally a huge number of deaths and new incidences are reported annually. Heterocyclic compounds have been proved to be very effective in the treatment of different types of cancer. Among different heterocyclic scaffolds, quinazoline and quinazolinone core were found versatile and interesting with many biological activities. In the discovery of novel anticancer agents, the Quinazoline core is very effective. The FDA has approved more than 20 drugs as an anticancer bearing quinazoline or quinazolinone core in the last two decades. One prime example is Dacomitinib, which was newly approved for non‐small‐cell lung carcinoma treatment in 2018. These drugs work by different pathways to prevent the spread of cancer cell progression, including inhibition of different kinases, tubulin, kinesin spindle protein, and so forth. This review presented recent developments of quinazoline/quinazolinone scaffold bearing derivatives as anticancer agents acting as epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR), and dual EGFR/VEGFR inhibitors.
Long‐term stability of frontal electroencephalogram alpha power and asymmetry at rest in adults born at extremely low or normal birth weight: A 10‐year longitudinal study
Authors: Schmidt Louis A. , Poole Kristie L. , Krzeczkowski John , Van Lieshout Ryan J. , Saigal Saroj , Mathewson Karen J. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe idea that individual differences in resting frontal EEG alpha activity have “trait‐like” features that are associated with stress vulnerabilities presumes that these physiological patterns should be stable across time. We know, however, relatively little regarding the very long‐term (i.e., ≥10 years) stability of resting frontal EEG alpha power and asymmetry in typically or atypically developing populations. Here, we examined the long‐term stability of regional electroencephalogram (EEG) alpha (8–13 Hz) power and asymmetry at rest across a decade in the oldest known prospectively followed cohort of extremely low birth weight (ELBW; <1000 g) adult survivors and normal birth weight (NBW; >2500 g) controls. Regional EEG was collected at rest from the left and right frontal (F3, F4) and parietal (P3, P4) scalp sites using a stretchable cap during baseline eyes‐open and eyes‐closed conditions in young adulthood (ages 21–25 years) and again in adulthood (ages 30–35 years). We found moderate stability in regional EEG absolute alpha spectral power measures across all scalp sites for each birth weight group between the young adulthood and adulthood assessments. As well, we found the frontal alpha asymmetry measure was stable, albeit weakly, between the two assessment periods only in the NBW group. However, parietal alpha asymmetry was weak‐to‐moderately stable for each birth weight group across the 10‐year period. Findings are discussed in terms of their implications for understanding associations between individual differences in frontal and parietal brain activity at rest and long‐term stress vulnerability in typical and atypical development.
Use of an exotic host plant shifts immunity, chemical defense, and viral burden in wild populations of a specialist insect herbivore
Authors: Muchoney Nadya D. , Bowers M. Deane , Carper Adrian L. , Mason Peri A. , Teglas Mike B. , Smilanich Angela M. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDefense against natural enemies constitutes an important driver of herbivore host range evolution in the wild. Populations of the Baltimore checkerspot butterfly, Euphydryas phaeton (Nymphalidae), have recently incorporated an exotic plant, Plantago lanceolata (Plantaginaceae), into their dietary range. To understand the tritrophic consequences of utilizing this exotic host plant, we examined immune performance, chemical defense, and interactions with a natural entomopathogen (Junonia coenia densovirus, Parvoviridae) across wild populations of this specialist herbivore. We measured three immune parameters, sequestration of defensive iridoid glycosides (IGs), and viral infection load in field‐collected caterpillars using either P. lanceolata or a native plant, Chelone glabra (Plantaginaceae). We found that larvae using the exotic plant exhibited reduced immunocompetence, compositional differences in IG sequestration, and higher in situ viral burdens compared to those using the native plant. On both host plants, high IG sequestration was associated with reduced hemocyte concentration in the larval hemolymph, providing the first evidence of incompatibility between sequestered chemical defenses and the immune response (i.e., the “vulnerable host” hypothesis) from a field‐based study. However, despite this negative relationship between IG sequestration and cellular immunity, caterpillars with greater sequestration harbored lower viral loads. While survival of virus‐infected individuals decreased with increasing viral burden, it ultimately did not differ between the exotic and native plants. These results provide evidence that: (1) phytochemical sequestration may contribute to defense against pathogens even when immunity is compromised and (2) herbivore persistence on exotic plant species may be facilitated by sequestration and its role in defense against natural enemies.
Harnessing NEON to evaluate ecological tipping points: Opportunities, challenges, and approaches
Authors: Muthukrishnan Ranjan , Hayes Katherine , Bartowitz Kristina , Cattau Megan E. , Harvey Brian J. , Lin Yang , Lunch Claire 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe combination of continuing anthropogenic impact on ecosystems across the globe and the observation of catastrophic shifts in some systems has generated substantial interest in understanding and predicting ecological tipping points. The recent establishment and full operation of NEON has created an opportunity for researchers to access extensive datasets monitoring the composition and functioning of a wide range of ecosystems. These data may be uniquely effective for studying regime shifts and tipping points in ecological systems because of their long time horizon, spatial extent, and most importantly the coordinated monitoring of many biotic and abiotic components of focal ecosystems. The variety of these data can capture a range of potential community shifts while also monitoring an extensive set of environmental drivers. This combination is critical for assessing whether changes are a result of external forcings or internal dynamics. Here, we present an overview of regime shift dynamics; describe a variety of approaches to identify tipping points with data from time series, spatial patterns, or frequency distributions of community states across environmental conditions; and suggest a number of NEON data products that may be appropriate for such analyses.