bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Klimaschutz und nachhaltige Mobilität durch grünen Wasserstoff
Authors: Zellner Reinhard 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWasserstoff als Energieträger oder industrieller Rohstoff kommt auf dem Weg zu einer klimaneutralen Gesellschaft eine besondere Bedeutung zu. Kein anderer energiereicher Stoff ist gleichermaßen gut geeignet, in Mobilität, Wärmeversorgung und als Rohstoff in der industriellen Produktion den Weg in die Nachhaltigkeit zu ebnen. Die deutsche Politik setzt derzeit auf den Ausbau der regenerativen Stromerzeugung und die batterie‐elektrischen Fahrzeuge, die großzügig gefördert werden. Es ist aber seit langem erkennbar, dass mit einer Direktnutzung von erneuerbarem Strom allein eine Defossilierung der Energiewirtschaft nicht möglich sein dürfte. Dies kann nach heutiger Meinung nur durch „grünen”, klimaneutralen Wasserstoff erreicht werden. Wasserstoff als Baustein für gasförmige und flüssige Energieträger im Sinne der Power‐to‐X‐Strategie ist aus heutiger Sicht quasi unverzichtbar für alle Anwendungen, bei denen die direkte Stromnutzung technisch oder wirtschaftlich weder möglich noch sinnvoll ist.
Synthesis of Thin Film of a Three‐Dimensional Covalent Organic Framework as Anti‐counterfeiting Label
Authors: Dong Xin , Yang Jing , Wang Honglei , Zhao Pei , Tan Fanglin , Zhou Zhipeng , Ou Zhaowei , Gong Li , Liu Wei , Chen Xudong , Zheng Zhikun 
Published: February 2022

Comprehensive SummaryFilm plays a key role in the sustainable development of our society. Freestanding thin films of two‐dimensional covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have been produced by interface, spin coating, microwave‐assisted synthesis, and screen printing methods and are applied in nanofiltration, molecular separation, photochemical sensing, anion transport, heat conduction, and proton conduction. On the other hand, the synthesis of their three‐dimensional (3D) analogues and subsequent integration in devices remains challenging. Herein, self‐supporting thin films of a three‐dimensional COF with tunable thickness was created by a stearic acid mediated synthesis methodology on water surface at room temperature in air. The film could be transferred onto arbitrary substrate, and when supported on indium tin oxide glass, it exhibited irreversible electrochromism. The optical feature made it act as a one‐time anti‐counterfeiting label in an electrochemical device. This work will inspire the synthesis of thin films of 3D COFs as well as other 3D materials, and boost their property and application exploration.
Quality of life, psychological distress, and prognostic perceptions in patients with multiple myeloma
Authors: O’Donnell Elizabeth K. , Shapiro Yael N. , Yee Andrew J. , Nadeem Omar , Hu Bonnie Y. , Laubach Jacob P. , Branagan Andrew R. , Anderson Kenneth C. , Mo Clifton C. , Munshi Nikhil C. , Ghobrial Irene M. , Sperling Adam S. , Agyemang Emerentia A. , Burke Jill N. , Harrington Cynthia C. , Richardson Paul G. , Raje Noopur S. , El‐Jawahri Areej 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundMultiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable hematologic malignancy requiring long‐term, continuous therapy. Despite its chronic and unrelenting course, studies examining quality of life (QOL), psychological distress, and perceptions of prognosis by line of therapy are lacking.MethodsThe authors conducted a cross‐sectional, multisite study of patients undergoing treatment for MM (excluding maintenance) between June 2020 and January 2021. The authors conducted purposeful sampling and recruited patients to 3 cohorts based on lines of therapy: 1) newly diagnosed receiving first‐line therapy; 2) 2 to 3 lines; and 3) 4 or more lines. Patients completed validated questionnaires to assess their QOL, fatigue, psychological distress, and perceptions of prognosis.ResultsA total of 180 patients with MM were enrolled (newly diagnosed [n = 60], 2 to 3 lines [n = 60], and ≥4 lines of therapy [n = 60]). QOL, symptom burden, and fatigue scores did not differ by lines of therapy. There were no statistically significant differences in psychological distress by line of therapy. The rates of clinically significant depression, anxiety, and post‐traumatic stress disorder symptoms were 23.9% (43 of 180), 23.9% (43 of 180), and 24.4% (44 of 180), respectively. Most patients (84.7%, 149 of 176) reported that their oncologist told them their cancer was incurable, but only 30.6% (53 of 173) acknowledged that they were terminally ill, and 42.0% (73 of 174) reported that they thought their cancer was incurable.ConclusionsPatients with MM undergoing treatment experience impaired QOL and elevated psychological distress across the disease continuum, regardless of line of therapy. A substantial proportion of patients with MM have significant misperceptions about their prognosis and the curability of their illness despite reporting being informed of the prognosis by their oncologist.Lay Summary

This study discusses 180 patients with MM (newly diagnosed [n = 60], 2‐3 lines [n = 60], and ≥4 lines of therapy [n = 60]). Quality of life, symptom burden, and fatigue scores do not differ by lines of therapy. There are also no statistically significant differences in psychological distress by line of therapy.

The rates of clinically significant depression, anxiety, and post‐traumatic stress disorder symptoms are 23.9%, 23.9%, and 24.4%, respectively.

Most patients (84.7%) report that their oncologist told them their cancer was incurable, but only 30.6% acknowledge that they are terminally ill, and 42.0% report that they thought their cancer was incurable.
A novel voltage boosting switched‐capacitor 19‐level inverter with reduced component count
Authors: Tayyab Mohammad , Sarwar Adil , Hussan Md Reyaz , Murshid Shadab , Tariq Mohd , Alamri Basem 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA dual‐source switched‐capacitor multilevel inverter (SCMLI) topology utilizing 13 switches, one diode, and two switched capacitors is presented in this paper. The proposed topology is capable of operating in both asymmetrical and symmetrical modes. In asymmetrical mode, it produces 19‐level output voltage, whereas, in symmetrical mode, it produces 13‐level output voltage. The capacitor voltages are self‐balanced in the presented SCMLI topology. A detailed comparative analysis has been carried to show the advantages of the proposed topology in terms of the number of switches, number of capacitors, number of sources, and boosting of the converter with the recently published multilevel inverter topologies. The nearest level control (NLC)‐based algorithm is used for generating switching signals for the IGBTs present in the circuit. The reliability assessment is carried to assess the life span of the proposed SCMLI. Experimental results are obtained for different loading conditions using a laboratory hardware prototype. The fluke‐based power analyzer is used to record the inverter voltage and corresponding THD values at different modulation indexes. The efficiency of the proposed inverter is 97.35% for 200‐W load.
A novel semantic representation approach for web documents using deep entity linking and multidocument support
Authors: Urkude Giridhar , Pandey Manju 
Published: February 2022

SummaryRepresenting semantic web information in the form of existing formats like extensible mark‐up language (XML), resource description framework (RDF) or web ontology language (OWL) is limited by the inability to maintain intradocument relationships between different semantic entities. Moreover, these standards are built for generic data representation and thus do not have inherent support for the semantic description of the document and, consequently, do not support features like multidocument linkages and context‐sensitivity. In order to remove these drawbacks, a semantic web‐specific document representation approach, namely, deep semantic XML (DS‐XML) using deep linking and machine learning, is presented in this paper. The DS‐XML approach facilitates the use of semantics with the help of a novel document structure that focuses on defining any web document in a semantic form. It includes ontologies and linkage between different vocabularies, which assists in achieving semantic interoperability. In order to make this approach future proof, a novel deep linking approach is integrated at the document level, which allows DS‐XML to understand more about the contents of the document and represent information in an aggregated manner. The deep linking layer is combined with the machine learning‐based classification layer that allows the document information to be represented in an interactive manner. The proposed DS‐XML approach is tested on different document retrieval applications, including a few Internet of Things (IoT) applications, and the representation performance is found to be superior to the existing semantic approach (XML, RDF and OWL).
The drivers of avian‐haemosporidian prevalence in tropical lowland forests of New Guinea in three dimensions
Authors: Vinagre‐Izquierdo Celia , Bodawatta Kasun H. , Chmel Kryštof , Renelies‐Hamilton Justinn , Paul Luda , Munclinger Pavel , Poulsen Michael , Jønsson Knud A. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractHaemosporidians are among the most common parasites of birds and often negatively impact host fitness. A multitude of biotic and abiotic factors influence these associations, but the magnitude of these factors can differ by spatial scales (i.e., local, regional and global). Consequently, to better understand global and regional drivers of avian‐haemosporidian associations, it is key to investigate these associations at smaller (local) spatial scales. Thus, here, we explore the effect of abiotic variables (e.g., temperature, forest structure, and anthropogenic disturbances) on haemosporidian prevalence and host–parasite networks on a horizontal spatial scale, comparing four fragmented forests and five localities within a continuous forest in Papua New Guinea. Additionally, we investigate if prevalence and host–parasite networks differ between the canopy and the understory (vertical stratification) in one forest patch. We found that the majority of Haemosporidian infections were caused by the genusHaemoproteusand that avian‐haemosporidian networks were more specialized in continuous forests. At the community level, only forest greenness was negatively associated withHaemoproteusinfections, while the effects of abiotic variables on parasite prevalence differed between bird species.Haemoproteusprevalence levels were significantly higher in the canopy, and an opposite trend was observed forPlasmodium. This implies that birds experience distinct parasite pressures depending on the stratum they inhabit, likely driven by vector community differences. These three‐dimensional spatial analyses of avian‐haemosporidians at horizontal and vertical scales suggest that the effect of abiotic variables on haemosporidian infections are species specific, so that factors influencing community‐level infections are primarily driven by host community composition.
Diphosphorus Release and Heterocumulene Oligomerisation by Nickel Complexes
Authors: Hierlmeier Gabriele , Wolf Robert 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe generation of diphosphorus molecules P2 under mild conditions in solution is a useful strategy to generate diphosphines via [4+2] cycloadditions. We recently described the release of P2 units from the nickel butterfly complex [{(IMes)Ni(CO)}2(μ2,η2:η2‐P2)] (IMes=1,3‐bis(2,4,6‐trimethylphenyl)imidazolin‐2‐ylidene) upon addition of CO gas. Herein, we developed an alternative protocol for the same process using heterocumulenes. In addition to formation of P4 (the dimerisation product of P2), the reactions afford nickel complexes of novel pincer‐type ligands. Aryl isothiocyanates undergo a trimerisation within the coordination sphere of nickel and afford square planar nickel complexes with S−C−S pincer‐ligand frameworks. Carbon disulfide coordinates to the [(IMes)Ni]‐fragment in an η2‐fashion, affording a dinuclear complex. Similar products are formed when the N‐heterocyclic carbene nickel(0) complex [(IMes)Ni(vtms)2] is used as a precursor (vtms=vinyltrimethylsilane).
Heterotriptycene Containing an Unsubstituted Bispyrrole: Synthesis, Crystal Structures, and 2D Nested Hexagonal Arrays Constructed by NH⋅⋅⋅π Intermolecular Interactions
Authors: Inoue Ryo , Furumoto Kyosuke , Osada Toshiki , Morisaki Yasuhiro 
Published: February 2022

AbstractHerein, we report the synthesis, crystal structure, and optical properties of a heterotriptycene consisting of an unsubstituted bispyrrole, 2,4,6,8‐tetrahydro‐4,8‐benzobenzo[1,2‐c:4,5‐c′]dipyrrole, which was synthesized via hetero‐Diels‐Alder reaction of a novel benzobicyclo[2.2.2]octane derivative. The compound formed a 2D nested hexagonal array with NH⋅⋅⋅π interactions in the crystalline state; whereas, in the solution state, it exhibited through‐space intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) induced emission in the solution state.
Electrolyte formulation strategies for potassium‐based batteries
Authors: Ni Ling , Xu Gaojie , Li Chuanchuan , Cui Guanglei 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPotassium (K)‐based batteries are viewed as the most promising alternatives to lithium‐based batteries, owing to their abundant potassium resource, lower redox potentials (−2.97 V vs. SHE), and low cost. Recently, significant achievements on electrode materials have boosted the development of potassium‐based batteries. However, the poor interfacial compatibility between electrode and electrolyte hinders their practical. Hence, rational design of electrolyte/electrode interface by electrolytes is the key to develop K‐based batteries. In this review, the principles for formulating organic electrolytes are comprehensively summarized. Then, recent progress of various liquid organic and solid‐state K+ electrolytes for potassium‐ion batteries and beyond are discussed. Finally, we offer the current challenges that need to be addressed for advanced K‐based batteries.
A Family Matter: Responsibility and Selfishness in Spanish Households
Authors: Weiss Hadas 
Published: February 2022

AbstractUnder the pressure of work's devaluation and the state's retrenchment, men and women in Spain manage their extended family resources in a struggle to provide for their dependents. These resources have become the main axis of inequality in Spain's financialized economy. Drawing on fieldwork in Madrid, I show that men and women understand themselves in terms of this responsibility, internalizing capitalist pressures on social reproduction as a family matter. This self‐identification cuts through the solidarities that exploited waged work and gendered domestic work might generate, and it makes family one's ultimate reference point. Instead of the refusal of a responsibility that used to be socialized being a principled and political stance, then, it is dismissed as selfish.
Genetic linkage map construction and identification of QTLs associated with agronomic traits in bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.) using DArTseq‐based SNP markers
Authors: Gao Xiuqing , Chai Hui Hui , Ho Wai Kuan , Kundy Aloyce Callist , Mateva Kumbirai Ivyne , Mayes Sean , Massawe Festo 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBambara groundnut [Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.] is an underutilised, protein‐rich and self‐pollinating legume that can withstand high temperature and drought stress and is mainly grown in semi‐arid Africa. In order to dissect the complexity of drought resistance and to use genomic tools for yield enhancement of bambara groundnut in response to drought stress, yield‐related and morphological traits under drought‐stressed (DS) and well‐watered (WW) conditions were evaluated in the F3 and F4 segregating generations derived from a cross between two genotypes selected from landraces S19‐3 (originally from Namibia) and DodR (originally from Tanzania). Significant quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for shoot dry weight (SDW) were mapped on LG10 accounting for 15.5% of the phenotypic variation explanation (PVE) under well‐watered conditions and a putative quantitative trait locus (QTL) for the same trait mapped on LG10 with reduced PVE (10.10%) under drought‐stressed conditions in the F3 segregating population. Significant QTLs associated with the number of seeds per plant (NS), number of double‐seeded pods per plant (NDP), seed weight per plant (SW) and pod weight per plant (PW) were mapped on LG4 (nearest marker: 4181663 and 4175954) with overlapping confidence intervals and explained 21.9%, 21.8%, 23.5% and 19.9% of the PVE, respectively, under well‐watered conditions in the F4 population, which could be considered as the major QTL involved in the control of these traits. Seven consensus QTLs for yield‐related and morphological traits were mapped on LG2, LG3, LG4, LG7A and LG10. The study provides fundamental knowledge of QTLs associated with yield‐related and morphological traits under drought‐stressed and well‐watered conditions in bambara groundnut, which is also essential for yield improvement of bambara groundnut in response to drought stress.
Fusion‐positive skin/adnexal carcinomas
Authors: Agaimy Abbas 
Published: February 2022

AbstractGene fusions have been increasingly identified as central events driving oncogenesis in a variety of benign and malignant neoplasms of different histogenesis originating in diverse organs. While some fusion‐driven neoplasms may occur at any body site, certain genotypes and their associated phenotypic entities cluster to specific body site/organ, albeit with variable frequencies among anatomic locations. In the last two decades, several skin adnexal entities driven by specific fusions have been described; some of them represent new entities (eg, secretory carcinoma harboring NTRK fusions), while others are old established entities with newly discovered underlying gene fusions (eg, poroid neoplasms harboring NUTM1, YAP1, and WWTR1 fusions). While limited availability of next generation sequencing tools in routine practice has largely limited and delayed discovery of fusions in old entities, the increasing availability of novel immunoantibodies as surrogates to recognize gene fusions (such as NUT and YAP1 immunohistochemistry) represents a relatively cheap, quick, and reliable routine tool for their proper recognition and appropriate classification. This review highlights the main, recently defined skin adnexal carcinomas carrying gene fusions.
Fabrication of portable solar thermal bank for indoor cooking
Authors: Kumar Uttam , Agrawal Himanshu , Chandrashekara M. , Yadav Avadhesh 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe aim of this report is to build a portable solar thermal bank based on a Scheffler reflector that is capable of boiling‐type cooking using HITEC as a thermal storage material. This report reviews the problems related to solar cooking and evaluates the novel layout of a portable solar thermal bank which includes a daily thermal storage vessel. This stove is in the shape of a cylindrical container filled with phase‐changing latent heat storage material. Inside the container, we provide a small gap taking into account the volumetric expansion of the phase change material (PCM) during the melting process. The solar thermal bank is charged in the sun. It is placed directly for a few hours under the focus of a Scheffler reflector, which charges the solar thermal bank with enough thermal energy stored. After a while, the cooking process can be completed by users using that stored heat. The top cavity is used as a cooking pot in a solar thermal bank. Cooking meals do not require direct sunlight, which is typical for most solar cookers. The portable solar thermal bank is an alternative for low‐income households and adapts to local traditions of indoor cooking. It is portable and can be used safely to cook indoors or outdoors. In this study, a solar cooker with a thermal storage device was developed using a PCM. The size of the stove has been calculated by calculating the energy consumption for two to three people. HITEC salt has been chosen as a phase change material for thermal storage, which will be used for cooking when there is no sunlight. It enhances the applicability of solar cooking and preserves cooking possibilities using energy stored throughout the day at low production costs.
Pelvic organ prolapse and vaginal cancer: A systematic literature review
Authors: Frigerio Matteo , Inzoli Alessandra , Barba Marta 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundPrimary vaginal cancer is a rare gynecologic malignancy. Few cases describing the concurrence of a vaginal tumor with advanced genital prolapse are reported in the literature and there is no consensus on optimal treatment.ObjectivesTo investigate available evidence on presentation, treatment, and outcomes of these concurrent conditions.Search StrategyWe performed a systematic search of literature indexed on PubMed, Scopus, ISI Web of Science, and Cochrane using a combination of keywords and text words represented by “pelvic organ prolapse”, “genital prolapse”, and “vaginal cancer”, “vaginal carcinoma”.Selection CriteriaNo article type restrictions were applied.Data Collection and AnalysisTwenty‐one studies (case reports and two small case series) were incorporated into the review process, for a total of 27 patients.Main ResultsManagement usually involved surgery or primary external beam radiation therapy. External beam radiation therapy was reported to be highly associated with the development of vesicovaginal fistula. A surgical approach was the treatment of choice in most cases. Exclusive interstitial brachytherapy was rarely performed.ConclusionA multidisciplinary approach considering risks and benefits is of the utmost importance to provide counseling and tailor treatment strategy in these complex cases.
The golf course as an outdoor classroom—A proof of concept project
Authors: Szczepanski Anders , Strandberg Maria 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPupils’ learning experience can be improved if part of the teaching takes place in a natural outdoor environment. Golf courses and the land that surrounds them as outdoor classrooms could become particularly important at a time when most of the world's population lives in urban landscapes and when local areas suitable for outdoor activities are becoming scarce. A consequence of the Coronavirus crisis is higher demand for outdoor activities in the urban landscape, including outdoor teaching. The Swedish National Curriculum advocates the development of cognitive as well as affective competencies and skills, which makes outdoor teaching a natural and integrated part of today's school and education, where outdoor and indoor learning activities complement each other. In this project, at Motala Golf Club, in collaboration with the Smedsby School in Motala, methods for outdoor teaching on golf courses and the most suitable areas of the golf course for use as an outdoor classroom were investigated. A training course for participating teachers was held in autumn 2017, and the children visited their new classroom at the golf course in spring 2018. Through this project, Motala Golf Club has become a pilot model for outdoor teaching on golf courses. The concept of the golf course as an outdoor classroom is being implemented in Stockholm municipality and Jönköping municipality.