bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Isolation of potent antileishmanial agents from Artemisia kermanensis Podlech using bioguided fractionation
Authors: Yazdiniapour Zeinab , Soleimanifard Simindokht , Saeedi Shaghayegh 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Leishmaniasis is a major health problem worldwide with different clinical forms that depend on the parasite, the host's immune system, and immune-inflammatory responses. This study aimed to evaluate the secondary metabolites from Artemisia kermanensis Podlech by bioguided fractionation against Leishmania major. The chemical structures of the isolated compounds were determined based on analysis of mass and nuclear magnetic resonance spectra. Antileishmanial activity were determined on promastigotes and amastigotes. Chemical structures of the isolated compound were as 1-Acetoxy-3,7-dimethyl-7-hydroxy-octa-2E,5E-dien-4-one for compound 1 and 5,7-dihydroxy-3',4',6-trimethoxyflavone (Eupatilin) for compound 2, and 5,7,3'-Trihydroxy-6,4',5'-trimethoxyflavone for compound 3. Compound 2 were confirmed by significant activity with IC50 of less than 50 µg/ml for 24 and 48h in clinical form (amastigotes). Compound 3 demonstrated high susceptibility with an IC50 of less than 30 µg/ml for promastigotes for 24 h.The bioguided fractionation of A.Kermanensis resulted the isolation of potent antileishmanial agents with a low toxicity effect on macrophages. These plant metabolites can be a candidate as a drug for treating cutaneous leishmaniasis.
Effect of Air Blowing inside Isolated Hospital Clothing on Perceptual and Physiological Heat Strain in Laboratory Conditions
Authors: Soleimani Negar , Habibi Peymaneh , Dehghan Habibollah , Dehghan Ha. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Heat stress is one of the most common complaints of health care employees who wear isolation gowns to protect themselves from biological agents, particularly during the warmer seasons. This study was conducted in climatic chamber to determine the influence of airflow within isolated hospital gowns on physiological-perceptual heat strain indices. The experiment was conducted in three stages: regular clothes, a impenetrable gown, and gown with air blowing at a temperature conditions of 27°C and 25% relative humidity. At each stage, physiological-perceptual responses data were recorded for a half-hour on a treadmill at a speed of km h− 2 and a slope of 0% activity at 5-minute intervals. There was a significant difference in mean scores for thermal discomfort and sweat sensation in both sexes when working in regular clothes, gowns, and gown with air blowing (P < 0.001). In women, the mean scores for thermal sensation, thermal discomfort, and sweat sensation reduced considerably (P < 0.001) in the gown and gown with air blowing in the amount of 10 and 12 cfm, but in males, there was a statistically significant difference between mean scores (P < 0.001) in the gown with air blowing at 12 and 14 cfm. Additionally, the mean heart rate, chest temperature, and temperature inside the gown were observed in women in 12 cfm air blowing, and the greatest mean temperature inside the gown, chest temperature, and the back temperature were observed in men in 14 cfm air blowing (P < 0.001). The usage of an air blower in isolated hospital clothes has been shown to influence physiological-perceptual parameters in men and women substantially. The existence of airflow in these gowns can improve safety, performance, and thermal comfort while also decreasing the risk of heat-related disorders.
Evaluation of socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of PCOS patients attending a tertiary care institute in Colombo
Authors: Ranathunga I , Athukorala TG , Sumanatilleke M , Somasundaram NP 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background and Objectives
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder with heterogeneous aetiology. It is characterized by irregular menses and or oligo/anovulation, hyper-androgenism, and polycystic ovaries. The prevalence and diagnosis of PCOS changes depending on which clinical criteria are utilized to confirm the diagnosis. The prevalence can be high as 8–13% when the Rotterdam criteria are used. However, there is significant inter-individual variation in presentation. We have studied the socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of PCOS patients attending the Endocrinology clinic in a tertiary care institute in Sri Lanka.
Methods
A descriptive cross sectional study was conducted from September 2019 to September 2020 at the Endocrinology Unit of the National Hospital of Sri Lanka. All the patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria and who has a diagnosis of PCOS made according to Rotterdam criteria were recruited in to the study. After obtaining informed written consent, the data was collected using an interviewer administered questionnaire. HOMA-IR was calculated using the fasting insulin and blood glucose level.
Results
The study enrolled sixty females. The mean age was 26.7 years (range 18–44). The mean weight was 64.8 (SD = 11.9) kg and BMI was 27.1 (SD = 4.8) kg/m− 2. According to Asian BMI cut-offs, 1 (1.7%) patient was underweight and 13 (21.7%) had normal weight. Forty six (76.7%) had their weight in the overweight or obese category. Fifty four (90.0%) patients had clinical or biochemical evidence of hyperandrogenism while 24 (40%) had polycystic ovaries on trans-abdominal ultrasound scan and 50 (83.3%) had irregular menstrual cycles. According to the body fat percentage assessed by the whole body DEXA scan 4.1% normal body fat, while 50.0% and 45.8% had overweight and obesity respectively. HOMA-IR detected 61.1% to have high insulin resistance. Out of the patients who had USS of the abdomen 27.5% had co-existent non-alcoholic fatty liver. Fifty four percent of the patients had sub/infertility.
Conclusions
The majority of the population were overweight or obese and had higher prevalence of insulin resistance and non-alcoholic fatty liver. Out of the clinical characteristics used to make the diagnosis of PCOS, the presence of clinical or biochemical evidence of hyperandrogenism and irregular menstrual cycles are more common than the detection of polycystic ovaries on trans-vaginal USS. The higher prevalence of overweight, obesity, insulin resistance and NAFLD associated with PCOS makes the diagnosis and management of the disease crucial to prevent long term consequences of the disease
Active Terahertz Beam Steering Based on Mechanical Deformation of Liquid Crystal Elastomer Metasurface
Authors: Gu Jianqiang , Zhuang Xiaolin , Zhang Wei , Wang Kemeng , Gu Yangfan , An Youwen , Zhang Xueqian , Luo Dan , Han Jiaguang , Zhang Weili 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Active metasurfaces are emerging as the core of next-generation optical devices with their tunable optical responses and flat-compact topography. Especially for the terahertz band, active metasurfaces have been developed as fascinating devices for optical chopping and compressive sensing imaging. However, performance regulation by changing the dielectric parameters of the integrated functional materials exhibits severe limitations and parasitic losses. Here, we introduce a C-shape-split-ring-based phase discontinuity metasurface with liquid crystal elastomer as substrate for infrared modulation of terahertz wavefront. Line-focused infrared light is applied to manipulate the deflection of the liquid crystal elastomer substrate, enabling controllable and broadband wavefront steering with a maximum output angle change of 22° at 0.68 THz. Heating as another control method is also investigated and compared with infrared control. We further demonstrate the performance of liquid crystal elastomer metasurfaces as beam steerer, frequency modulator, and tunable beam splitter, which are highly desired in terahertz wireless communication and imaging systems. The proposed scheme demonstrates the promising prospects of mechanically deformable metasurfaces, opening a new avenue for the development of reconfigurable metasurfaces.
Effectiveness of a residential smoking cessation program for female heavy smokers in South Korea
Authors: Kim Haena , Lee Kang-Sook , Kim Dai-Jin , Cho Bitna , Kim Hee-Won 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

BackgroundThis study aimed to determine the characteristics of female heavy smokers participating in a residential smoking cessation program and the program’s effectiveness.MethodsData were collected from 119 female smokers registered in the Integrated System for Smoking Cessation Service, from September 1, 2015 through September 30, 2020. Participants attended a five-day residential smoking cessation program during hospital admission. The program included smoking cessation treatment by a psychiatrist, smoking cessation medication, health screening, smoking cessation education, individual and group clinical psychological therapy, physical activity programs, and nutritional counseling. Six months after the program, nine sessions of in-person or telephone-based smoking cessation counseling services were provided. Psychological evaluation—consideringnicotine dependence,tobacco craving,smoking cessation motivation,perceived smoking cessation effect,smoking cessation self-efficacy,depression, andperceived stress—was conducted before and after participation to examine the program’s effectiveness.ResultsParticipants’ states before and after the residential smoking cessation program were compared, and significant positive changes were observed insmoking cessation motivation,perceived smoking cessation effect, andsmoking cessation self-efficacy. Success of the participants’ six-month smoking cessation was influenced by their depression levels and number of counseling sessions attended.ConclusionsThe participants followed a program based on a comprehensive healthcare approach, which was a critical determinant for the success of smoking cessation. To ensure effective smoking cessation in female heavy smokers, a female-specific counseling service should be developed and applied to increase the success rate of and maintain smoking cessation.
Can a charge-ordered state be metallic?
Authors: Xia Hailiang , Liu Zhehong , Wu Yan , Sun Qian , Hayashi Naoaki , shen xi , Cao Huibo , Cruz Clarina dela , Yu Richeng , Yang Yi-feng , Takano Mikio , Long Youwen 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Charge order means that two or more distinct charge states accommodate at different atomic sites, resulting in striking variations in the structural and physical properties. Charge-ordered systems are usually electrically insulating. Here, we present the first observation of a charge-ordered metallic state in a CaFe0.95Co0.05O3 single crystal, doped with a small amount of Co, and grown at high pressure. A metal-to-insulator transition occurs on cooling to 260 K owing to the charge order between the disproportionated Fe3+ and Fe5+ states. As the temperature further decreases to 65 K, however, a reentrant metallization transition accompanied by a newly presented antiferromagnetic phase transition takes place, whereas the Fe3+ and Fe5+ charge-ordered state exists robustly. An unprecedented charge-ordered metallic state is thus unveiled to exist in the CaFe0.95Co0.05O3 single crystal. First-principles calculations suggest that the introduction of a moderate amount of Co and peculiar spiral spin texture play an important role in the existence of this novel quantum state. This study opens up a new avenue to study charge-ordered behavior in a metallic system.
Launch Sequencing of Pharmaceuticals with Multiple Therapeutic Indications: Evidence from Seven Countries
Authors: Mills Mackenzie John , Michaeli Daniel , Miracolo Aurelio , Kanavos Panos 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background. New medicines are increasingly being identified as efficacious across multiple indications. The impact of current pricing and reimbursement policies on launch decisions across these indications remains unclear. Objective. This paper, first, maps marketing authorisation (MA) and HTA coverage recommendation sequences of multi-indication medicines across Germany, France, England, Scotland, Canada, Australia, and the USA, and, second, evaluates the clinical characteristics, clinical development time and coverage recommendation time of multi-indication medicines, drawing comparisons between the first and subsequent indications of an approved molecule. Methods. Medicine approvals by the Food and Drug Administration between 2009-2019 were screened to identify 25 multi-indication medicines. Data on clinical trial characteristics, clinical performance and HTA outcomes were extracted from publicly available regulatory approval and HTA reports. Results. Relative to subsequent indications, first indications were more likely to receive conditional marketing authorisation, have an orphan designation, have a single arm phase II pivotal trial and a surrogate primary endpoint. Clinical performance was similar across first and subsequent indications. Subsequent indications had faster HTA coverage recommendation times in England, Germany, and Canada. While the majority of first indications received HTA coverage recommendation across all settings, the proportion of subsequent indications with HTA coverage recommendation was low and uptake varied considerably across settings. Conclusions. Discordance in the value of first versus subsequent indications can pose major challenges in systems that define price based on the initial indication. Current pricing and reimbursement systems generate significant fragmentation in the approval and availability of multi-indication products across settings.
Effect of dietary curcumin or its nano-form on the growth, immunity, heat stress resistance and stress indicators of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)
Authors: Abdel-Ghany Heba , El-Sisy Doaa , Salem Mohamed 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This study evaluated the effects of dietary supplementation with free- or nano- curcumin on the growth performance, immune status and heat stress resistance of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Seven isonitrogenous (28% protein) and iso-caloric (445 Kcal/100g DM) diets were prepared. Six diets were supplemented with three levels of nano-curcumin (50 (CN50), 100 (CN100), 200 (CN200) mg kg− 1) or free curcumin (50 (C50), 100 (C100), 200 )C200) mg kg− 1), and the seventh diet was left without an additive (CON). Fish (13.54 ± 0.32 g) (mean ± SD) fed the experimental diets for 65 days. Following the feeding trial, the fish were exposed to an acute heat stress by gradually raising the water temperature from 25 to 40℃ within 3 h. Then, fish were exposed to 40℃ for 4 h. Results revealed the superiority of nano-curcumin over the free form in enhancing the growth performance (P ≤ 0.05), where the highest results were obtained at CN100 followed by CN200. Only the heat stress rather than the experimental diets increased the platelets, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), leukocytes and neutrophils counts, while lymphocytes decreased. The CN50 and CN100 groups showed lower activity of liver enzymes (Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) and Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST)) than the other treatments, while C200 gave the highest activity of these enzymes. The highest immunoglobulin (IgM) levels were detected in CN100, CN200, C100 and C200 followed by CN50. The C200 Group showed higher levels of complement C3 and C4 than the other treatments. The C50 and CON groups gave the lowest values of IgM, C3 and C4. Treatments of CN50 and CN100 efficiently eliminated cortisol levels compared to the other treatments. After the heat stress, ALT, AST, IgM, C3, C4, cortisol and glucose increased. Thus, nano-curcumin has a better ability than its free form to increase the resistance of Nile tilapia under the heat stress, induce innate immunity, eliminate the stress indicators and enhance growth performance with the best concentrations at 100 mg kg− 1.
The predictors of short and long term urinary continence recovery after laparoscopic radical prostatectomy: a single cancer center report in China
Authors: Liu Lei , Zhou Shukui , Song Dandan , Li Zeng , Yang Shengke , Wu Yi , Zhang Guiying , Tang Duocai , Liu Junfeng , Liao Hong 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose To evaluate the predictors for short and long term urinary continence (UC) recovery after laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (LRP) from clinical and oncological variables. Methods We retrospectively collected data from 142 prostate cancer patients who underwent LRP between September 2014 and June 2021 at a tumor specialist diagnosis and treatment center in China. The rate of post-prostatectomy incontinence (PPI) was evaluated from final rehabilitation reports after catheter extraction and at 3, 6 and 12 mo after LRP, and UC was defined as the use of no or one safety pad. Eighteen clinical and oncological variables were analyzed by univariate and multivariate regression analysis to determine whether they were associated with short (3 mo) or long term (12 mo) UC recovery after LRP. Results After eliminating patients who were lost to follow-up, 129 patients were eventually included. The mean ± SD age was 68 ± 6.3 years. The UC rates of immediate catheter removal, 3, 6 and 12 mo after the operation were 27.9%, 54.3%, 75.2% and 88.4%, respectively. Multivariate analyses revealed that membranous urethral length (MUL) was a protective predictor of UC after catheter extraction [odds ratio (OR) 1.77; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.37–2.28; P < 0.001], and at 3 mo (OR 2.25; 95% CI 1.63–3.10; P < 0.001), 6 mo (OR 1.47; 95% CI 1.20–1.80; P < 0.001) and 12 mo (OR 1.50; 95% CI 1.11–2.04; P = 0.009) after surgery. Conclusion MUL is a significant independent factor that can contribute to recovery of short and long term UC recovery post-LRP, which may assist clinicians and their patients in counseling of treatment. .
Impacts of histone methyltransferase SETD4 on the biology of bone marrow-derived macrophages
Authors: Wu Caixia , Wu Linxu , Ha Yanping , Zou Yuan , Shi Kaijia , Zheng Axiu , Ling Xuebin , Bai Jiangrong , Xing Jingci , Guo Junli , Wang Han , Shen Zhihua , Jie Wei 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Epigenetic modifications have important impacts on the biological functions of cells. This study explored the effects of SET domain-containing protein (SETD)4, a histone lysine methyltransferase, on the general biological functions of bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs).
Methods
We employed a CRISPR/Cas9 technology-edited mouse model. After isolated from SETD4 knockout (KO) and Wild-type (WT) mice, BMMs were maintained and identified. Then, serials in vitro experiments were performed to test the levels of methylation of histone lysine sites and the abilities in proliferation, cell cycle, migration, inducing vascular tube-formation and polarity. The phosphorylation pathway profiling arrays focused on the Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase(MAPK), AKT, Janus Kinase/signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription(JAK/STAT), Nuclear Factor-κB (NF-κB), and Transforming Growth Factor β (TGF-β) signaling pathways were performed. After the Differentially Expressed Proteins (DEPs) were screened, the Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment were adopted on those DEPs. Finally, CI-1033, an inhibitor for pan Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) was administrated to treat the BMMs, the cell viability and expression of phosphorylated(p)-EGFR(Ser1070) were assessed.
Results
BMMs from SETD4 KO mice exhibited significant inhibition of monomethylation, dimethylation or trimethylation of histones H3K4, H3K79 and H4K20; significant enhancement of the proliferation, EdU-positive cell ratio, Ki67 mRNA levels, and ability to form vascular structures; and attenuation of cell migration ability. After induction by lipopolysaccharide + interferon-γ or interleukin (IL)-4, a majority of the markers that were tested, including pro-inflammatory Interleukin-1β, Interleukin-6, Inducible nitric oxide synthase and tumor necrosis factor-α and anti-inflammatory Fizz-1, Arginase 1 and Mannose receptor C-type 1 were all downregulated, while TGF-β1 was upregulated. The phosphorylation pathway profiling arrays revealed 32 DEPs, six that were upregulated and 26 that were downregulated in BMMs from SETD4 KO mice versus WT mice. These DEPs were involved in 1365 terms from the GO and 137 signals from the KEGG database. Inhibition of the most significantly upregulated protein, EGFR(Ser1070), by CI-1033 significantly reduced p-EGFR(Ser1070), and was accompanied by a decrease in the cell proliferation potential of BMMs, particularly in the SETD4 KO.
Conclusions
This is the first study to implicate the involvement of SETD4-mediated EGFR signaling in the proliferation of BMMs. SETD4 mediated the methylation of multiple histone lysine sites in BMMs, and may affect signaling pathways. Targeting SETD4 may be a promising strategy for mediating the inflammatory and immune responses in macrophages.
The association between dietary polyphenol intake and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: A case-control study
Authors: Darzi Melika , Abbasi Khadijeh , Ghiasvand Reza , Tabib Mohsen Akhavan , Rouhani Mohammad Hossein 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Previous research found that diets high in fruits and vegetables improved symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Nevertheless, the relation between dietary polyphenol intake and the risk of ADHD was not assessed.
Objective
The purpose of this study was to see if there was a relationship between dietary polyphenol intake and the risk of ADHD in children in preschool and elementary school.
Methods
A total of 400 children aged 4 to 12 years old participated in this case-control research (200 children with diagnosed ADHD and 200 healthy controls). The presence of ADHD was diagnosed according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-V criteria. To calculate dietary polyphenol intake, a 168-item food frequency questionnaire and the Phenol-Explorer database were used.
Results
The risk of incident ADHD for each unit increase of dietary polyphenol intake in the crude model showed an indirect association between dietary polyphenol intake and risk of ADHD (OR: 0.995, 95% CI = 0.994 to 0.996, P < 0.001). This finding was still significant even after adjusting for body mass index, energy intake, socioeconomic status, gender, and age (OR: 0.992, 95% CI = 0.989 to 0.995, P < 0.001).
Conclusion
We found that the increased dietary intake of polyphenols is associated with a lower risk of ADHD in preschool and school children. Prospective studies are needed to corroborate these observations.