bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative Efficacy of Injection Triamcinolone Acetonide given Intralesionally and through Microneedling in Alopecia areata
Authors: Arora Astha , Bhalla Mala , Thami Gurvinder Pal 
Published: October 2022

Introduction:

Alopecia areata (AA) manifests as patchy hair loss and intralesional corticosteroid (ILCS) is usual therapeutic choice in limited disease. Microneedling is used for uniform delivery of topical agent to relatively larger areas may prove to be more efficacious than traditional ILCS. The present study prospectively compared microneedling to traditional intralesional delivery of triamcinolone acetonide (TA).

Materials and Methods:
Prospective randomized comparative study in 60 patients of AA restricted to scalp not requiring systemic treatment randomly divided into two equal groups. Group 1 patients underwent microneedling with local application of injectable TA and Group 2 patients were given injectable TA intradermally for a total of three sessions at 3 weeks interval.

Results:
A mean regrowth of 66.36% in Group 1 and 69.75% in Group 2 at week 9 was seen which was comparative with no significant statistical difference between the two groups (P = 0.664). Thirteen patients achieved 100% regrowth at week 9 in Group 1 and 16 patients achieved 50%–99% regrowth in Group 2.

Discussion and Conclusions:
ILCSs have been cornerstone in the treatment of limited AA, but depth of injecting drug cannot be controlled, microneedling whereas is an effective drug delivery system and also causes release of growth factors. In this study, injectable TA used intralesionally and topically with microneedling had nearly similar efficacy in causing regrowth of hair with microneedling resulting in a more uniform but less dense regrowth of hair with lesser adverse effects.
Analysis of ‘enhanced-view totally extra-peritoneal’ (eTEP) approach for ventral hernia: Early results
Authors: Mishra Atul , Jabbal Harmandeep Singh , Nar Amandeep Singh , Mangla Rochan 
Published: October 2022

Introduction:
Laparoscopic ventral hernia repair is undergoing a paradigm shift with the introduction of numerous new techniques to improve the outcomes. Enhanced-view totally extra-peritoneal (eTEP) is a novel approach for the repair of ventral herniae introduced by Belyansky et al. The key innovation lies in placing the mesh in a large retrorectus–pre-peritoneal space contrary to the widely practiced intra-peritoneal placement. This approach can be easily coupled with a component separation in the form of transversus abdominis release (TAR) for large herniae. We conducted a midterm analysis of ‘eTEP’ approach to ventral hernia at a high-volume tertiary care centre and present our results of over 3 years of employing this technique.

Methodology:
A retrospective study of 150 cases of ventral hernia repaired using eTEP approach from January 2018 to February 2021 at a tertiary care centre by a team of three surgeons. The procedures were performed by a single team of three members headed by the first author.

Results:
Out of total 150 cases, incisional hernia occurred in 73 cases (48.7%), primary hernia occurred in 48 cases (32%) and recurrent hernia in 29 cases (19.3%). Although the majority of incisional (87.7%) and recurrent (79.3%) ventral hernias occurred in female, the incidence of primary ventral hernia was equal at 24 cases in both genders. The majority of the cases (80.7%) underwent eTEP RS procedure, and the rest were W3 hernias, which were managed by including a component separation in the form of eTEP TAR. The operating time for eTEP TAR (222.24 min ± 32.56) compared to eTEP RS (124.33 ± 23.68) was significantly longer. The mean length of stay was significantly shorter for primary hernias (3.75 days ± 1.62) compared to recurrent (5.21 days ± 2.51) and incisional hernias (4.36 days ± 2.19) (F = 4.376) (P = 0.014). The peri-operative period was uneventful in majority of the cases. We experienced a seroma rate of 5.8% in our series. At follow-up of 1 year, 3.3% of patients complained of discomfort/bulge in the upper abdomen. There were no other surgical site occurrences (SSO) in the form infection, posterior rectus sheath disruption and skin necrosis. We observed no recurrences till date with a minimum follow-up of 1 year.

Conclusion:
eTEP approach to ventral hernia is a promising abdominal wall reconstruction technique. It is safe and offers good functional outcomes with restoration of abdominal wall dynamics. It is a reproducible and safe technique for tackling various types of ventral hernia. It is specifically useful in managing unusual lateral hernias, incisional and recurrent hernias with ease.
Primary School Teachers’ Preparation and Use of Lesson Plans in Igunga District, Tanzania
Authors: H. Halala Remigius , Jacob Seni Abdallah 
Published: October 2022

This study examined teachers’ frequency of preparation and use of lesson plans. The study location was Igunga District of Tabora Region in Tanzania. Mixed approach and explanatory research design were used and a total of 69 respondents were sampled. Among them, 60 were teachers from four purposely selected primary schools, four were head teachers and five were school quality assurance officers. Data was collected through a questionnaire, an interview schedule and document. Analysis of data was done through the thematic approach and the descriptive statistics. The established that not all teachers prepared the lesson plans; there were those who prepared frequently, those who prepared occasionally and those who did not prepare at all. It is also concluded that not all teachers used the prepared lesson plans in the classrooms during teaching and learning process. There were those who used lesson plans frequently, those who used lesson plans occasionally and those who did not use the lesson plans at all in the teaching and learning process. The researchers therefore recommended that teachers should be given more in service training on the preparation of lesson plans and they should be closely capacitated for them to refrain from teaching without prerequisite guiding documents including lesson plans. Head teachers as internal quality assurers and the DSQAOs as external quality assurers should closely supervise teachers to fulfill this crucial role as professional teachers. Educational leaders at district and national levels should ensure effective preparation and use of lesson plans to teachers through close monitoring and facilitating teachers with all necessary tools for the preparation of lesson plans.
Monitoring and Evaluation Challenges and Approaches by Non-Governmental Organizations in Musoma, Tanzania
Authors: Mathayo Reinfrida , Kinyina Alen 
Published: October 2022

This study sought to establish the monitoring and evaluation challenges and approaches by Non-Governmental organizations in Musoma, Tanzania using the cross-sectional quantitative study design. The approval to conduct this study was sought from the Ethical Committee Board of the Open University of Tanzania. The permission to collect data was further obtained from particular organizations and the respondents gave their consent before the data collection. A total of 44 respondents from 11 organizations were involved as respondents. Data was cleaned and analyzed by using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) Version 24 in frequencies and percentages. The result oriented approach was the most common used approaches. Other approaches such as Logical Framework, Reflexive and Constructivist approach were utilized depending on the need and nature of the project being implemented. An insufficient fund, inadequate skilled M&E experts and varying reporting requirements from multiple donors are challenges facing the majority of NGOs during implementation of monitoring and evaluation. The authors recommend the use of available experts in monitoring and evaluation to train the employees on the proper selection of the M&E approaches depending on the project needs. The authors also recommend the employees to utilize the available free online courses and trainings that do not require funds to improve their skills in monitoring and evaluation.
Citric acid Production from Agricultural Wastes using Aspergillus niger Isolated from some Locations within Kaduna Metropolis, Nigeria
Authors: Egbe N. E. , Ihediwa L. , Abdulsalami M. S. , Adebayo A. 
Published: October 2022

This investigation was carried out to assess citric acid production by Aspergillus species isolated in some locations within Kaduna metropolis Nigeria using standard methods. Fungal isolates identified as Aspergillus niger were obtained from samples collected from four (4) different locations. Isolates were subjected to substrate preference test using local substrates such as wheat straw, rice straw and potato peel powder. Wheat straw supported the highest growth value of 41%. Screening of A. niger isolates for the production of citric acid showed that the isolate from Kawo (Kw) gave the highest yield of citric acid (0.38g/100ml) on basal screening media. Optimization of pH and temperature were carried out and the optimum temperature and pH for citric acid production by isolate Kw was 30OC (0.65g/100ml) and pH 6.0. The wheat straw treated with 5 N HCl produced a high yield of citric acid with a value of 25.60g/kg while the untreated wheat straw produced a yield of 13.3g/kg. Molecular characterization to confirm the identity of the fungal isolates was carried out by the amplification and sequencing of the 5.8S gene of the ribosomal RNA and the two intergenic spacers ITS1 and ITS2 of the strains. By comparison (BLAST) of Aspergillus niger isolate to reference sequence in the gene bank, a sequence similarity of 99% to 100% of other Aspergillus niger strain was obtained. Various methods of strain improvement techniques could be adopted to increase citric acid production by the A. niger isolates obtained from this study.
Isolation, Characterization, and Assessment of the In Vitro Antibacterial and Antifungal Properties of Methanol Extracts and Friedelan-3-one from Uapaca ambanjensis (Leandri)
Authors: Okafor G. C. O. , Oyewale A. O. , Habila J. D. , Akpemi M. A. 
Published: October 2022

Uapaca ambanjensis Leandri (Phyllanthaceae) is a largely un-researched plant whose crushed stem bark, leaf, and fruit infusions are ethno-medicinally claimed to cure typhoid fever, other fevers, skin diseases, and stroke. This work aimed at the isolation, characterization, and determination of antimicrobial potency of the methanol stem-bark extracts of Uapaca ambanjensis. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, steroids and triterpenes in the methanol extract. The antimicrobial assessment of the extract against Salmonella typhi, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Klebisiela pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans, and Aspergillus niger showed the diameter of zones of inhibition (ZOI) ranging from 11 to 18 mm at a concentration of 12.5mg/mL to 100mg/mL, with most prominent activities against S. aureus, S. typhi and P. aeruginosa. Chromatographic fractionation and purification led to the isolation of a pentacyclic triterpenoid (friedelan-3-one) labeled G23f-9. The compound showed antimicrobial potency evidenced by zones of inhibition against S. aureus (20 mm), S. typhi (16 mm), S. pyogenes (14 mm), K. pneumoniae (13 mm), and P. aeruginosa (13 mm) at a concentration of 100 µg/mL while the values for the standard drug, Ciprofloxacin, at 10 µg/mL are respectively 24 mm, 20 mm, 27 mm`1,20mm and 18mm. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MIC) were 12.5 µg/mL for S. aureus, 25 µg/mL for S. typhi and 100 µg/mL for the rest while the Minimum Bactericidal Concentrations (MBC) were 50 µg/mL for S. aureus and 100 µg/mL for S. typhi. The isolated compound showed some antifungal activity against C. albicans with ZOI of 11 mm at 100µg/mL while the antifungal drug, Terbinafine, gave 30 mm at 30 µg/mL. Phytochemical and antimicrobial results lay credence to some ethnomedicinal claims on the plant including its use to treat typhoid fever and some skin diseases. The biological assessment of the methanol extract and isolated compound reveals that the plant could have antibacterial and antifungal potentials. The isolation of Friedelan-3-one is reported for the first time from the plant U. ambanjensis Leandri.
Assessment of Trace Metals Concentration in Vegetables from Gombe Markets, Gombe State, Nigeria
Authors: Ahmed A. , Isiyaku A. , Sulaiman B. A. , Tijjani A. F. 
Published: October 2022

This study determined the concentration of trace metals in vegetables (lettuce, tomato and cabbage) from Gombe markets, Gombe State, Nigeria. A total of 60 samples of vegetables were analyzed for trace metals (Cd, Pb, Mn, Cr, Zn, Ni and Cu) using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). The mean concentration of Cd in lettuce, tomato and cabbage samples ranged from (0.05 - 0.06 mg/kg), (0.03 - 0.07 mg/kg) and (0.08 - 0.90 mg/kg), Pb ranged from (BDL - 0.02 mg/kg), (BDL - 0.03 mg/kg) and (0.01 - 0.02 mg/kg), Mn ranged from (0.27 - 1.02 mg/kg), (0.09 - 0.12 mg/kg) and (0.25 - 0.31 mg/kg), Cr ranged from (0.05 - 0.65 mg/kg), (0.04 - 0.05 mg/kg) and (0.03 - 0.05 mg/kg), Zn ranged from (2.67 - 3.32 mg/kg), (1.93 - 2.87 mg/kg) and (2.45 - 3.26 mg/kg), Ni ranged from (0.68 - 0.77 mg/kg), (0.23 - 0.26 mg/kg) and (0.73 - 0.86 mg/kg), and Cu ranged from (0.95 - 0.97 mg/kg), (0.76 - 0.83 mg/kg) and (0.94 - 1.00 mg/kg) respectively. The abundance of trace metals was found in decreasing order: Zn > Cu > Ni > Mn > Cr > Cd > Pb in lettuce, tomato and cabbage samples. The concentration of trace metals in the different vegetables were below the World Health Organization/Food and Agriculture Organization (WHO/ FAO) standard, except Cd in all studied samples. Therefore, monitoring and strict regulation is recommended to control the safety of vegetables sold in these markets.
Plantilla inteligente para pie diabético
Authors: Godinez Emily López , Nangüelú Christian Roberto Ibáñez , Jiménez Jorge Jara 
Published: October 2022

La diabetes mellitus es una enfermedad crónica representativa de la elevación de la glucosa en sangre o también conocida como hiperglucemia. Una de las consecuencias de la patología es el desarrollo de la Neuropatía Diabética (NP) que significa el daño de los tejidos nerviosos debido a la diabetes [2]. Una de las consecuencias de la NP es la pérdida de sensibilidad, la mayoría de las veces comienza afectando a los pies y las piernas, exponiéndolos a desarrollar lesiones, úlceras y en casos severos incluso amputaciones. Este trabajo presenta el desarrollo de un prototipo de plantilla inteligente para pie diabético (PIPD), que es capaz de monitorizar el estado del pie diabético del paciente los siguientes parámetros: temperatura y presión plantar en tiempo real. Simultáneamente monitoriza la saturación de oxígeno en sangre (SpO2) fuera de la plantilla, donde se encuentra el sistema de control. La información obtenida se visualiza a través de una aplicación móvil que fue diseñada para ser intuitiva y fácil de usar. La plantilla fue diseñada para ser ergonómica e impresa en 3D con material de poliuretano termoplástico (TPU) flexible, en su interior se ubican sensores piezoresistivos y un termistor con sus respectivas conexiones (cables). Se obtiene como resultado que el usuario-paciente es monitoreado continuamente, se visualiza la SpO2, la temperatura con valores decimales para no dar mediciones falsas, se obtiene la presión plantar y esta es posible de percibir en la app HEALTFOOT.
Reseña del libro de Luis Aboites Aguilar. La Decadencia del Agua de la Nación. Estudio sobre desigualdad social y cambio político en México. Segunda mitad del siglo XX. El Colegio de México, 2009.
Authors: Leyva Fernanda 
Published: October 2022

“La decadencia del agua de la nación. Estudio sobre desigualdad social y cambio político en México. Segunda mitad del siglo XX.” Es el trabajo del historiador chihuahuense Luis Aboites Aguilar, reconocido por abordar temáticas que circulan en torno a los usos del agua en los siglos XIX y XX, particularmente las precisadas en el norte mexicano.
Transformaciones productivas y perfiles sociales en la región pampeana a partir de un estudio comparativo
Authors: Hernandez Valeria , Fossa Riglos Maria , Muzi Maria 
Published: October 2022

Las transformaciones generadas por el proceso de globalización en la región pampeana han dado lugar a diversas reconfiguraciones del territorio tanto en términos cuantitativos como cualitativos. Desde una perspectiva antropológica hemos estudiado dichas transformaciones tal como ellas se expresan en dos agrociudades de la zona pampeana: San Justo, ubicada en el centro-norte de Santa Fe, y Junín, en el centro- norte de Buenos Aires. En este trabajo presentamos los resultados preliminares relativos al cambio en el uso y tenencia de la tierra y avanzamos sobre la caracterización tres actores centrales del escenario local -las cooperativas, los productores y los rentistas-, subrayando algunos puntos sustantivos en cuanto a las formas de anclaje territorial de cada uno de ellos.
MOLECULAR CHARACTERISATION OF BACTERIA MONOOXYGENASE AND DEHYDROGENASE GENES INVOLVED IN PAHs REMEDIATION
Authors: Okolafor F. I. , Ekhaise F. O. 
Published: October 2022

Bacterial catabolic genes (alkB, alkH, C12O, and C23O) are a good biomarker for choosing the choice of the organism for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) degradation. Low molecular weight (LMW) and high molecular weight (HMW) PAHs metabolism can be made possible by monooxygenase and dehydrogenase enzymes which code for the catabolic genes. In this study, the monooxygenase and dehydrogenase genes were characterized from the bacterial population isolated from motor mechanic workshop soils and landfill soil artificially polluted with waste engine oil (WEO). Standard microbiological methods were followed for the isolation and characterization of the bacterial population. The PCR cycling for alkB and alkH followed initial denaturation at 94oC for 5 minutes, followed by 35 cycles of denaturation at 95oC for 1 minute, annealing at the correct temperature (alkB 49oC, alkH 72oC). PCR cycling for C12O and C23O genes followed initial denaturation at 95oC for 5 minutes, 35 cycles of denaturation at 94oC for 20 s, annealing at 63oC for 30 s, extension at 60oC for 45 s, with final extension for 5 minutes at 72oC. Final elongation step for all the catabolic genes at 72oC for 10 minutes and holding temperature at 10oC forever. Ampliﬁed fragments were visualized on safe view-stained 1.5% agarose gel electrophoresis. The result of the characterization revealed base pair sizes of the genes; alkB (100 to 300 bp), alkH (< 700 bp), C12O (>250 bp), and C23O (<80 pb). All the bacterial populations invested in this study expressed the monooxygenase and dehydrogenase genes. Monooxygenase and dehydrogenase genes are coding for the enzymes responsible for hydroxylation and intradiol or extradiol ring-cleaving of PAHs.
Субполосная идентификация словных фрагментов речевых сигналов по заданному образцу
Authors: Белов Сергей Павлович , Белов Александр Сергеевич , Прохоренко Екатерина Ивановна , Балабанова Татьяна Николаевна 
Published: October 2022

В статье рассматривается проблема выделения в записях речевых сигналов фрагментов, порождаемых при произнесении некоторой словоформы, представляющей интерес с позиции решаемой прикладной задачи анализа содержания речевого информационного обмена. При этом предполагается, что изначально класс искомой словоформы задается фрагментом, имеющимся в реальной записи речевого сигнала. Поэтому рассматриваемую проблему естественно именовать прецедентной идентификацией. Актуальность разработки методов и алгоритмов автоматической прецедентной идентификации фрагментов записей речевых сигналов в такой постановке определяется широтой их возможных применений, например, в информационно-аналитических системах безопасности. Основными факторами, определяющими сложность решения указанной проблемы, являются изменчивость свойств фрагментов речевых сигналов, даже порождаемых при произнесении одной и той же словоформы одним и тем же человеком, и необходимостью обучения по одному прецеденту при определении критических областей решающих функций. В данной работе показано, что адекватной основой решения рассматриваемой проблемы является субполосный анализ и разработан оригинальный математический аппарат для его реализации. На основе оригинальных субполосных представлений разработаны решающие процедуры идентификации фрагментов записей речевых сигналов, включая селекцию пауз между словными фрагментами. В частности, предложены процедуры обучения по одному прецеденту с сохранением его исходных субполосных свойств.

БлагодарностиИсследования выполнены при поддержке гранта РФФИ № 20-07-00215 а.
Effectiveness of corporate social responsibility performance in oil and gas companies in north Kalimantan
Authors: Purwanti Sri , Abdoellah Oekan S , Asdak Chay , Cahyandito M. Fani 
Published: October 2022

Development effort oil and gas experience enhancement enough fast, existence activity the Fulfill needs energy national. Indonesia is a developing country have backup oil and gas that became support growth economy and development however has the potential to cause impact to environment especially in area around industrial areas. PT. MEP is one of the company oil and gas operating in North Kalimantan in every the operation attempted create balance environment with draft give sustainable energy, however special CSR program performance field environment implemented life not yet measurable by certain because no there is guide special about Thing that . Focus study this is exploratory and descriptive. Researcher using engineering models data analysis with to do data collection, data reduction, past data presentation withdrawal conclusions (Miles and Huberman, 1992). Based on results research that has been conducted could concluded that environmental CSR performance already effective, implemented with good with implementing Governance Company sustainable
The Application of Geologic Mapping, Core Logging, and 3-D Geoscientific Data Integration in the Exploration and Resource Expansion of Porphyry Copper-(Gold) Deposits: Examples from Recent Discoveries in Ecuador and Chile
Authors: Garwin Steve , Whistler Benn , Ward Jason , Vaca Santiago , Mather Nick , Chand Meraaj , Silva José , Rosero Bayardo , Cruz Alfredo , Guachamin Alvaro , Castro Carlos Diaz , Chafla Alex , Mantilla Santiago , Aguilar Leonardo , Easterday Christian , Leighton Melanie , Aravena Andrea , Tapia Miguel , Vázquez Cristian , Miñano Tapia Enrique , Salas Pablo , Olivares David , Costa Sebastian , Beeson John , Sheerin Kirsty , Wallace Madeline , McKie Chris 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The collection of accurate geologic data is critical in minerals exploration. The successful visualization, integration, and interpretation of quantitative vein abundance data, associated selvages of wall-rock alteration mineralogy, sulfide mineral proportions, and metal zoning facilitate the path to discovery and orebody delineation. The application of the Anaconda method, developed by the Anaconda Copper Mining Company geologists in the 1960s, to geologic mapping and drill core logging has facilitated the discovery and resource expansion in the giant Alpala porphyry Cu-Au-Ag deposit in northern Ecuador and the Cortadera porphyry Cu-Au-Mo deposit cluster in northern Chile. In both porphyry systems, high-grade zones have been targeted through the delineation of an intrusion and vein chronology that allows for the recognition of early-stage causal intrusions, zones of abundant porphyry-style quartz veins, and elevated chalcopyrite to pyrite ratios. Increased amounts of molybdenum, as molybdenite along fractures and in quartz veins, as well as anhydrite veins and disseminations, correlate with proximity to the deposit cores. The field-based methods presented in this article have proven useful in porphyry exploration for decades. The application of the Anaconda method of geologic mapping and core logging by geologists can assist in the targeting of high-grade cores of deposits and improved estimation of metal resources.