bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Insulin Resistance is a Risk Factor for Early Miscarriage and Macrosomia in Patients With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome From the First Embryo Transfer Cycle: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Chen Yuanhui , Guo Jiayu , Zhang Qingwen , Zhang Cuilian 
Published: April 2022

ObjectiveThe objective of the study was to explore the effect of insulin resistance on pregnancy outcomes in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) from the first embryo transfer cycle.DesignThis was a single-center, retrospective, observational cohort study.PatientsIncluded in the study were women with PCOS for the first embryo transfer.Main Outcome MeasuresEarly miscarriage rate and macrosomia rate were the main outcome measures.ResultsWith increased HOMA-IR, the early miscarriage rate (7.14, 13.21, and 16.22%, respectively; P = 0.039), macrosomia rate (5.78, 11.79, and 17.58%, respectively; P = 0.026) and the incidence of gestational diabetes (GDM) (10.00, 14.50, and 25.67% respectively; P = 0.002) significantly increased, while the live birth rate markedly decreased (63.03, 55.27, and 47.88%, respectively; P = 0.004). No significant difference was found in clinical pregnancy rate, late miscarriage rate, low birthweight rate and baby gender ratio (all P &gt;0.05). After adjusting for confounding factors, HOMA-IR was an independent risk factor of early miscarriage rate and macrosomia rate.ConclusionInsulin resistance is an independent risk factor for early miscarriage and macrosomia in PCOS patients during the first embryo transfer cycle. It is essential to give more attention before and after pregnancy for PCOS women with high HOMA-IR.
Circulating microRNAs Are Associated With Metabolic Markers in Adolescents With Hepatosteatosis
Authors: Lin Haixia , Mercer Kelly E. , Ou Xiawei , Mansfield Kori , Buchmann Robert , Børsheim Elisabet , Tas Emir 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundAltered hepatic microRNA (miRNA) expression may play a role in the development of insulin resistance (IR) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Circulating miRNAs could mirror the liver metabolism.ObjectiveThis study aimed to assess the relationship between serum miRNA profile in children with obesity, IR, and NAFLD.MethodsAdolescents with obesity (n = 31) were stratified based on insulin resistance and NAFLD status. One-hundred seventy-nine miRNAs were determined in the serum by quantitative RT-PCR. Differentially expressed miRNAs were compared between groups, and log-transformed levels correlated with metabolic markers and intrahepatic triglyceride.ResultsSerum miR-21-5p, -22-3p, -150-5p, and -155-5p levels were higher in children with IR and NAFLD, and their expression levels correlated with hepatic fat and serum triglyceride. In patients with NAFLD, miR-155-5p correlated with ALT (r = 0.68, p&lt;0.01) and AST (r = 0.64, p&lt;0.01) and miR-21-5p and -22-3p levels correlated with plasma adiponectin (r = -0.71 and r = -0.75, respectively, p&lt;0.05) and fibroblast growth factor-21 (r = -0.73 and r = -0.89, respectively, p&lt;0.01). miR-27-3a level was higher in children without IR and NAFLD.ConclusionsSeveral miRNAs are differentially expressed in children with IR and NAFLD. Determining their mechanistic roles may provide newer diagnostic tools and therapeutic targets for pediatric NAFLD.
MC4R Gene Polymorphisms Interact With the Urbanized Living Environment on Obesity: Results From the Yi Migrant Study
Authors: Wang Ye , Pan Li , Wan Shaoping , Yihuo Wuli , Yang Fang , He Huijing , Li Zheng , Yong Zhengping , Shan Guangliang 
Published: April 2022

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the association of MC4R gene polymorphisms (rs17782313 and rs12970134) and urbanized living environment and the gene–environment interaction with obesity in Yi people in China.Methods: A 1:2 frequency-matched case–control study based on the cross-sectional data was designed. Those with BMI ≥28 kg/m2 were included as the case group. The age- and sex-matched controls were selected from those with BMI &lt;24 kg/m2. Unconditional logistic models were used to determine the association of SNPs with obesity. Additive interaction was evaluated by calculating relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI), attributable proportion due to interaction (AP), and synergy index (SI).Results: A total of 322 cases and 643 controls were included. After adjustment, allele C of rs17782313 was significantly associated with obesity (additive model, OR = 1.52, 95%CI: 1.18–1.96) in Yi people. A similar association was found in allele A of rs12970134 (additive model, OR = 1.45, 95%CI: 1.13–1.89). Yi rural-to-urban migrants were found at 2.59-fold (95%CI: 1.70–3.95) higher odds of obesity than Yi farmers. Additive interactions were found between the two SNPs and rural-to-urban migration (rs17782313: AP = 0.65, 95%CI: 0.22–1.09; rs12970134: AP = 0.59, 95%CI: 0.02–1.17).Conclusion:MC4R gene polymorphisms positively interacted with the urbanized living environment on obesity in Yi people. The effect of the MC4R gene on obesity was modified by the living environment.
The Human Male Liver Is Predisposed to Inflammation Via Enhanced Myeloid Responses to Inflammatory Triggers
Authors: Kuipery Adrian , Mahamed Deeqa , Nkongolo Shirin , D’Angelo June Ann , Johnson Valiente Alexandra , Mehrotra Aman , Chapman William C. , Horton Peter , McGilvray Ian , Janssen Harry L. A. , Gehring Adam J. 
Published: April 2022

Background &amp; AimMen have a higher prevalence of liver disease. Liver myeloid cells can regulate tissue inflammation, which drives progression of liver disease. We hypothesized that sex alters the responsiveness of liver myeloid cells, predisposing men to severe liver inflammation.MethodsLuminex was done on plasma from Hepatitis B Virus infected patients undergoing nucleoside analogue cessation in 45 male and female patients. We collected immune cells from the sinusoids of uninfected livers of 53 male and female donors. Multiparametric flow cytometry was used to phenotype and characterize immune composition. Isolated monocytes were stimulated with TLR ligands to measure the inflammatory potential and the expression of regulators of TLR signaling.ResultsWe confirmed that men experienced more frequent and severe liver damage upon Hepatitis B Virus reactivation, which was associated with inflammatory markers of myeloid activation. No differences were observed in the frequency or phenotype of sinusoidal myeloid cells between male and female livers. However, monocytes from male livers produced more inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in response to TLR stimulation than female monocytes. We investigated negative regulators of TLR signaling and found that TOLLIP was elevated in female liver-derived monocytesConclusionsOur data show that enhanced responsiveness of myeloid cells from the male liver predisposes men to inflammation, which was associated with altered expression of negative regulators of TLR signaling.
Alterations in Fetal Doppler Parameters Before and Twenty-Four Hours After Radiofrequency Ablation for Twin Reversed Arterial Perfusion Sequence
Authors: Zhang Lan , Liu Hongli , Huang Shuai , Tong Chao , Wang Zhigang , Qi Hongbo , Baker Philip N. , Kilby Mark D. 
Published: April 2022

ObjectiveTo evaluate alterations in the fetal Doppler parameters of pump fetuses before and 24 h after radiofrequency ablation surgery for twin reversed arterial perfusion sequence (TRAPs).MethodsThis is a retrospective study of 28 pump fetuses in TRAPs and 28 normal control twins between 2016 and 2021. The fetal Doppler parameters, including the umbilical artery pulsatility index (UA-PI), middle cerebral artery peak systolic velocity (MCA-PSV), middle cerebral artery pulsatility index (MCA-PI), and cerebroplacental ratio (CPR), of the controls, and pump fetuses before and 24 h after surgery were compared.ResultsAn increasing trend and a further increase in the MCA-PSV, MCA-PI, MCA-PSV Z score, and MCA-PI Z score after surgery were observed in pump fetuses with gestational age (GA) ≥20 weeks; however, such changes were not observed in those with a GA of &lt;20 weeks. The UA-PI and CPR before and after surgery were not different between control and pump fetuses, whether the GA was ≥20 or &lt;20 weeks.ConclusionIn the middle second trimester, the pump fetus might suffer from high cardiac output rather than hypoxemia before surgery and congestive heart failure, or hemodilutional anemia after surgery. This may provide some theoretical evidence in favor of early intervention, rather than waiting for a more advanced GA, to avoid unnecessary hemodynamic alterations.
Surgical Masks Affect the Peripheral Oxygen Saturation and Respiratory Rate of Anesthesiologists
Authors: Yang Shaozhong , Fang Chuanyu , Liu Xin , Liu Yu , Huang Shanshan , Wang Rui , Qi Feng 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundSurgical masks (SMs) protect medical staff and reduce surgical site infections. Extended SM use may reduce oxygen concentrations in circulation, causing hypoxia, headache, and fatigue. However, no research has examined the effects of wearing SMs on oxygenation and physical discomfort of anesthesiologists.MethodsAn electronic questionnaire was established and administered through WeChat, and a cross-sectional survey was conducted to determine SM use duration and related discomfort of operating room medical staff. Then, operating room anesthesiologists were enrolled in a single-arm study. Peripheral blood oxygen saturation (SpO2), heart rate, and respiratory rate were determined at different times before and after SM use. Shortness of breath, dizziness, and headache were subjectively assessed based on the visual analog scale (VAS) scores.ResultsIn total, 485 operating room medical staff completed the electronic questionnaire; 70.5% of them did not change SMs until after work, and 63.9% wore SMs continuously for more than 4 h. The proportion of anesthesiologists was the highest. After wearing masks for 4 h, the shortness of breath, fatigue, and dizziness/headache rates were 42.1, 34.6, and 30.9%, respectively. Compared with other medical staff, the proportion of subjective discomfort of anesthesiologists increased significantly with prolonged SM use from 1 to 4 h. Thirty-five anesthesiologists completed the study. There was no difference in anesthesiologist SpO2, heart rate, or respiratory rate within 2 h of wearing SMs. After more than 2 h, the variation appears to be statistically rather than clinically significant—SpO2 decreased (98.0 [1.0] vs. 97.0 [1.0], p &lt; 0.05), respiratory rate increased (16.0 [3.0] vs. 17.0 [2.0], p &lt; 0.01), and heart rate remained unchanged. As mask use duration increased, the VAS scores of shortness of breath, dizziness, and headache gradually increased.ConclusionIn healthy anesthesiologists, wearing SMs for more than 2 h can significantly decrease SpO2 and increase respiratory rates without affecting heart rates.
Study Protocol: A Randomized Controlled Prospective Single-Center Feasibility Study of Rheopheresis for Raynaud’s Syndrome and Digital Ulcers in Systemic Sclerosis (RHEACT Study)
Authors: Rademacher Jan-Gerd , Tampe Björn , Borisch Angela , Buschfort Rosa Marie , von Figura Andrea , Asendorf Thomas , Korsten Peter 
Published: April 2022

IntroductionRaynaud’s phenomenon (RP) and digital ulcers (DU) are frequent manifestations of Systemic Sclerosis (SSc). Despite being very common in SSc patients, both conditions have proven to be notoriously difficult to study. There are very few available approved drugs with varying efficacy. It has been shown that the presence of DU is associated with increased whole blood viscosity (WBV). Rheopheresis (RheoP) is an extracorporeal apheresis technique used to treat microcirculatory disorders by improving blood viscosity. Improved blood flow and wound healing after RheoP treatments have been reported in single case reports.Methods and AnalysisWe report the clinical trial protocol of “A randomized controlled prospective single-center feasibility study of Rheopheresis for Raynaud’s syndrome and Digital Ulcers in Systemic Sclerosis (RHEACT).” RHEACT aims to investigate the efficacy of RheoP on the Raynaud Condition Score (RCS) as the primary efficacy outcome measure after 16 weeks from baseline. Thirty patients will be randomized in a 1:1:1 ratio to one of two RheoP treatment groups or assigned to the standard of care (SoC) control group (intravenous iloprost). Secondary endpoints include changes in DU, changes in nailfold video capillaroscopy and patient-reported-outcomes (Scleroderma Health Assessment Questionnaire, FACIT-Fatigue, and the Disability of Arm, Shoulder, and Hand, quick version).DiscussionApheresis techniques have been investigated in SSc but mainly in observational, retrospective studies, or single case reports. RheoP is a pathophysiologically driven potential new therapy for heavily burdened patients with SSc-associated secondary RP with or without DU.Ethics and DisseminationThe study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov (Identifier: NCT05204784). Furthermore, the study is made publicly available on the website of the German network of Systemic Sclerosis “Deutsches Netzwerk Systemische Sklerodermie (DNSS).”
Regional Homogeneity in Patients With Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Resting-State Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study
Authors: Wu Yu-Qian , Wang Yi-Ning , Zhang Li-Juan , Liu Li-Qi , Pan Yi-Cong , Su Ting , Liao Xu-Lin , Shu Hui-Ye , Kang Min , Ying Ping , Xu San-Hua , Shao Yi 
Published: April 2022

ObjectiveTo analyze the potential changes in brain neural networks in resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) scans by regional homogeneity (ReHo) in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).MethodsWe recruited and selected 24 volunteers, including 12 patients (6 men and 6 women) with MCI and 12 healthy controls matched by age, sex, and lifestyle. All subjects were examined with rs-fMRI to evaluate changes in neural network connectivity, and the data were analyzed by ReHo method. Correlation analysis was used to investigate the relationship between ReHo values and clinical features in different brain regions of MCI patients. The severity of MCI was determined by the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scale.ResultsThe signals of the right cerebellum areas 4 and 5, left superior temporal, right superior temporal, left fusiform, and left orbital middle frontal gyri in the patient group were significantly higher than those in the normal group (P &lt; 0.01 by t-test of paired samples). The signal intensity of the right inferior temporal and left inferior temporal gyri was significantly lower than that of the normal group (P &lt; 0.01). The ReHO value for the left inferior temporal gyrus correlated negatively with disease duration, and the value for the right inferior temporal gyrus correlated positively with MMSE scores.ConclusionMild cognitive impairment in patients with pre- Alzheimer’s disease may be related to the excitation and inhibition of neural networks in these regions. This may have a certain guiding significance for clinical diagnosis.
Non-Invasive Neuromodulation in the Rehabilitation of Pisa Syndrome in Parkinson's Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: De Icco Roberto , Putortì Alessia , Allena Marta , Avenali Micol , Dagna Carlotta , Martinelli Daniele , Cristina Silvano , Grillo Valentina , Fresia Mauro , Bitetto Vito , Cosentino Giuseppe , Valentino Francesca , Alfonsi Enrico , Sandrini Giorgio , Pisani Antonio , Tassorelli Cristina 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundPisa syndrome (PS) is a frequent postural complication of Parkinson's disease (PD). PS poorly responds to anti-parkinsonian drugs and the improvement achieved with neurorehabilitation tends to fade in 6 months or less. Transcranial direct current stimulation (t-DCS) is a non-invasive neuromodulation technique that showed promising results in improving specific symptoms in different movement disorders.ObjectivesThis study aimed to evaluate the role of bi-hemispheric t-DCS as an add-on to a standardized hospital rehabilitation program in the management of PS in PD.MethodsThis study included 28 patients with PD and PS (21 men, aged 72.9 ± 5.1 years) who underwent a 4-week intensive neurorehabilitation treatment and were randomized to receive: i) t-DCS (t-DCS group, n = 13) for 5 daily sessions (20 min−2 mA) with bi-hemispheric stimulation over the primary motor cortex (M1), or ii) sham stimulation (sham group, n = 15) with the same duration and cadence. At baseline (T0), end of rehabilitation (T1), and 6 months later (T2) patients were evaluated with both trunk kinematic analysis and clinical scales, including UPDRS-III, Functional Independence Measure (FIM), and Numerical Rating Scale for lumbar pain.ResultsWhen compared to the sham group, the t-DCS group achieved a more pronounced improvement in several variables: overall posture (p = 0.014), lateral trunk inclination (p = 0.013) during upright standing position, total range of motion of the trunk (p = 0.012), FIM score (p = 0.048), and lumbar pain intensity (p = 0.017).ConclusionsOur data support the use of neuromodulation with t-DCS as an add-on to neurorehabilitation for the treatment of patients affected by PS in PD.
Assessment of Dietary and Lifestyle Responses After COVID-19 Vaccine Availability in Selected Arab Countries
Authors: Cheikh Ismail Leila , Osaili Tareq M. , Mohamad Maysm N. , Al Marzouqi Amina , Habib-Mourad Carla , Abu Jamous Dima O. , Ali Habiba I. , Al Sabbah Haleama , Hasan Hayder , Hassan Hussein , Stojanovska Lily , Hashim Mona , AlHaway Muna , Qasrawi Radwan , Shaker Obaid Reyad R. , Al Daour Rameez , Saleh Sheima T. , Al Dhaheri Ayesha S. 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic has been consistently associated with unhealthy lifestyle behaviors and dietary practices. This study aimed to assess the dietary and lifestyle behaviors of adults after COVID-19 vaccine availability and their attitude toward the vaccine in selected Arab countries.MethodsA cross-sectional survey-based study was conducted between October 2021 and December 2021 using Google Forms (n = 2259). A multi-component questionnaire was used to collect socio-demographic characteristics, attitudes toward the COVID-19 vaccine, and behavioral, dietary, and lifestyle responses after easing the restriction. Participants were given a score based on the sum of positive dietary and lifestyle changes. The generalized linear models were used to identify the association between positive dietary and lifestyle changes score and sociodemographic characteristics.ResultsWeight gain during the pandemic was reported by 39.5% of the participants, 36.1% reported ever getting infected with the COVID-19 virus, and 85% received at least one dose of the vaccine. The key adverse reactions of the COVID-19 vaccine were fatigue, headache, and joint pain, and the main reason for vaccination was protection against infection. Most participants were concerned about the vaccine side effects (45.8%) and inadequate testing (50.7%). After easing of restriction, 54.3% of the participants reduced the frequency of disinfecting objects, and 58.3% joined social events. Most dietary and lifestyle behaviors remained unchanged after vaccine availability but there was an increase in the time spent behind the screen for work (50.1%) and entertainment (42.9%). The results of the multivariate regression analyses revealed that older participants (p = 0.001), those with higher education (p = 0.010), and those working from home (p = 0.040) were more likely to have higher positive dietary and lifestyle changes scores.ConclusionAlthough most participants were concerned about vaccine safety, low vaccine hesitancy rates were observed among the study sample. The availability of the COVID-19 vaccines resulted in loosening some of the safety social measures among Arab adults but the negative impact of the pandemic on dietary and lifestyle behaviors remained unaltered.
Feasibility for Using Thermography Throughout an Exercise Program in Mastectomized Patients
Authors: das Virgens Aquino Maria Jane , dos Santos Leite Paula Michele , Lima Rodrigues Ingrid Kyelli , DeSantana Josimari Melo 
Published: April 2022

IntroductionBreast cancer is the most common in the female population. Physical training is safe and indicated after surgical treatment for breast cancer. During exercise, body temperature changes due to tissue metabolic activity; in this sense, infrared thermography is used to map the thermal patterns of the body surface.ObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of using thermography during a physical rehabilitation program in mastectomized patients by analyzing the change in body temperature caused by physical exercise in the breast region.MethodologyThis is a simple and covert clinical trial, in which the sample was constituted for convenience. The women were submitted to a supervised physical exercise protocol, three times a week, for 20 sessions. They were evaluated in the first, tenth, and twentieth sessions in relation to changes in body temperature in the breast region (infrared thermography).ResultsTwenty patients who underwent mastectomy surgery were recruited. No patient had drain infection, scar dehiscence, or lymphedema, and only one patient had seroma removed. The mean age was 50.45 ± 2.00 years, and the body mass index (BMI) was 28.95 ± 1.11 kg/m2. In the body thermography of the patients’ breast region, no significant difference was observed when comparing the thermograms of the plastron region of the patients in the first, tenth, and twentieth sessions (p = 0.201). However, when comparing the plastron region with the control breast, a reduction in temperature was observed in the operated region in the first (p = 0.012) and tenth sessions (p = 0.004).ConclusionThrough this study, we can conclude that the use of infrared thermography is viable for the analysis of the body temperature of mastectomized patients during a supervised physical exercise protocol and, therefore, suggest that this instrument is increasingly used in the cancer public.
Effect of the Nipple-Excising Breast-Conserving Therapy in Female Breast Cancer: A Competing Risk Analysis and Propensity Score Matching Analysis of Results Based on the SEER Database
Authors: Li Shouyu , Zhao Yuting , Yan Lutong , Yang Zejian , Qiu Pei , Chen Heyan , Zhou Yudong , Niu Ligang , Yan Yu , Zhang Wei , Zhang Huimin , He Jianjun , Zhou Can 
Published: April 2022

IntroductionDue to the lack of randomized controlled trial, the effectiveness and oncological safety of nipple-excising breast-conserving therapy (NE-BCT) for female breast cancer (FBC) remains unclear. We aimed to explore and investigate the prognostic value of NE-BCT versus nipple-sparing breast-conserving therapy (NS-BCT) for patients with early FBC.MethodsIn this cohort study, data between NE-BCT and NS-BCT groups of 276,661 patients diagnosed with tumor–node–metastasis (TNM) stage 0–III FBC from 1998 to 2015 were retrieved from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. Propensity score matching analysis, Kaplan–Meier, X-tile, Cox proportional hazards model, and competing risk model were performed to evaluate the effectiveness and oncological safety for patients in NE-BCT and NS-BCT groups.ResultsA total of 1,731 (0.63%) patients received NE-BCT (NE-BCT group) and 274,930 (99.37%) patients received NS-BCT (NS-BCT group); 44,070 subjects died after a median follow-up time of 77 months (ranging from 1 to 227 months). In the propensity score matching (PSM) cohort, NE-BCT was found to be an adversely independent prognostic factor affecting overall survival (OS) [hazard ratio (HR), 1.24; 95% CI, 1.06–1.45, p=0.0078]. Subjects in NE-BCT group had similar breast-cancer-specific survival (BCSS) (HR, 1.15; 95%CI, 0.88–1.52, p=0.30) and worse other-causes-specific death (OCSD) (HR, 1.217; 95%CI, 1.002–1.478, p=0.048&lt;0.05) in comparison with those in the NS-BCT group.ConclusionsOur study demonstrated that the administration of NE-BCT is oncologically safe and reliable and can be widely recommended in clinics for women with non-metastatic breast cancer.