bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Saikosaponin B4 Suppression Cancer Progression by Inhibiting SW480
and SW620 Cells Proliferation via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway in
Colon Cancer
Authors: Sui Hong , Fu Xueyan , Zhang Yiwei , Lin Lizhen , Wang Yushu , Liu Zhenzhen , Xia Wenxin 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Colon cancer is a gastrointestinal malignancy with high incidence and poor
prognosis.

Objective:
Saikosaponin B4 (SSB4) is a monomeric component of the Traditional Chinese medicine
(TCM), Bupleurum. The current study investigates the therapeutic effect and mechanisms of SSB4 in
colon cancer.

Methods:
The proliferation of two colon cancer cell lines, SW480 and SW620, were assessed using
CCK8 and expression of regulatory molecules, including Bax, Caspase3, Caspase9, Cleaved Caspase3,
Cleaved Caspase9 and Bcl2 by flow cytometry and Western blotting.

Results:
Survival rates, assessed by CCK8, of SW480 and SW620 cells decreased significantly when
the SSB4 concentration was in the range 12.5–50 μg/ml. Flow cytometry measurements indicated
apoptosis rates of 55.07% ± 1.63% for SW480 cells and 33.07% ± 1.28% for SW620 cells treated with
25 μg/ml SSB4. Western blotting revealed upregulation of the proapoptotic proteins, Bax, Caspase3,
Caspase9, Cleaved Caspase3 and Cleaved Caspase9, and downregulation of the anti-apoptotic protein,
Bcl2, in the presence of SSB4. Network pharmacology and molecular docking predicted that the
PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway might be the main regulatory target for the antitumor effect of SSB4. Further
Western blotting experiments showed that SSB4 downregulated (p < 0.01) expression of PI3K,
Akt, mTOR and the phosphorylated proteins, P-PI3K, P-Akt and P-MTOR. Expression of PI3K, Akt
and mTOR mRNA was found to be downregulated by SSB4 (P < 0.01) as the result of RT-PCR measurements.

Conclusion:
SSB4 is a potent anti-colon cancer agent. Its effects are likely to be mediated by suppression
of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway.
The Effectiveness of Counseling and Mung Bean (Vigna radiata L) Premix
Cookies as Complementary Food to Prevent Stunting
Authors: Nasution Zuraidah , Nurhayati Ida , Mahdiyah  
Published: June 2022

Abstract:
Some factors that cause malnutrition in 1-2 year old children are inadequate provision of complementary food and early/late weaning. Appropriate complementary feeding from the age of 6 months and breastfeeding until at least the age of 2 years, are considered as the best feeding patterns for child’s growth and development. Education and the right food choices are needed to fulfill children’s nutritional needs in this period to prevent malnutrition which can lead to stunting. This research was conducted on 52 mothers with 1-2 years old children using quasi-experimental design by counseling and providing premix cookies that were produced using mung bean (Vigna radiata l) as intervention for 3 months. Datas were analyzed using Chi-Square correlation test and T-test. This research objective was to determine the effectiveness of counseling and premix cookies as complementary food to prevent stunting. The result shows that premix cookies were 82.14% effective in increasing the children’s body weight and achieving good nutritional status, therefore preventing the incidence of stunting. This condition was also supported by the improvement of their mothers’ knowledge and attitude (p = 0.011) in their concern about complementary feeding. Consuming the given premix cookies can fulfill children’s nutritional needs as follows: 27.69% protein, 56.59% fat, 24.04% carbohydrates and 56.89% energy. These findings conclude that mung bean premix cookies are considered effective as complementary food in reducing the incidence of stunting.
A Systematic Review of Arterial Dissections in COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Abraham Betsy , Mathew Sherman David , Sridharan Kannan 
Published: June 2022

Abstract:
COVID-19 is often seen presenting with a myriad of signs and symptoms of multiorgan dysfunction including arterial dissection. Various theories have been proposed such as endothelial dysfunction triggered by hyper-inflammatory response that results in rupture of atherosclerotic plaque and subsequent dissection. However, the exact incidence is unknown and only case reports and case series have been published till date. Here we carried out a systematic analysis of published case reports/series related to dissection of the aorta, coronary, cerebral, vertebral, cervical, renal, and splanchnic arteries.
Intra-Observational and Inter-Observer Agreement of The Radiographic
Humerus Union Measurement (RHUM) in Patients Treated with Dynamic
Compression Plate for Humeral Shaft Nonunion
Authors: Yüce Ali , Karahan Gokhan , Kucuk Levent 
Published: June 2022

Background:
It is important for orthopedic surgeons to follow the union of the fracture after surgery. This becomes even more important after nonunion surgery. The radiological union scale is popular in the follow-up of unions. However, the intraobserver and interobserver agreement of this scale in humeral nonunion surgery is still not found in the literature.

Objective:
This study aimed to reveal the intra/interobserver agreement of the Radiographic Union scale (RHUM) for the humerus as well as the relationship between this agreement, plate placement characteristics, and the number of plates in cases where plates were used for surgical treatment of humeral diaphysis nonunion.

Material and Methods:
Twenty patients who received surgical treatment for aseptic humeral nonunion at our hospital between 2010-2019 were studied retrospectively. Two observers scored the patients' anteroposterior and lateral radiographs in the postoperative 12th week according to RHUM. The data obtained were statistically analyzed.

Results:
The mean age was 52.05±15.88 years. While a single plate was used in 14 cases, a double plate was used in 6 cases. Interobserver agreement was fair-moderate. The interobserver agreement values of the single plate group were significantly higher than those of the double plate group (p<0.05). Interobserver agreement in cases with lateral plate was significantly higher than in the group in which the lateral + posterior plate was applied (p:0.01).

Conclusion:
In cases of humeral diaphyseal fracture nonunion, the number and location of the plate following surgery have a negative impact on the evaluation of RHUM scores. Given the importance of the union's follow-up and the decision to proceed with additional treatment in these cases, it may be necessary to develop a new method for determining and monitoring the union if a plate was used in the surgical treatment of humeral nonunion.
Lipid-based Nanocarriers via Nose-to-Brain Pathway for Alzheimer's and
Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Wairkar Sarika , Tambe Varunesh Sanjay 
Published: June 2022

Abstract:
Neurodegenerative disorders are characterized by the progressive, irreversible deterioration of functions of the central nervous system, especially neurons, that lead to cognitive, motor, and intellectual impairment. Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) are the most prevalent forms of neurodegenerative disorders and are predicted to be leading causes of mortality. Although conventional formulations are available for symptomatic treatment of AD and PD, many novel formulations and routes of administration are persistently studied for their better management and nose-to-brain delivery is one of them. This platform has been explored with various nanoformulations for targeted brain delivery. Lipid nanocarriers are known for bypassing the blood-brain barrier (BBB) through nasal delivery, and several drugs have been evaluated in the lipid carrier system. This review focuses on various lipid-based nanocarriers such as liposomes, solid lipid nanoparticles, nanostructured lipid carriers, microemulsions, nanoemulsions, micelles and cubosomes reported to treat and alleviate the symptoms of AD and PD via nasal route. It gives an overview of key findings of nasal lipid-based nanocarriers and their improved pharmacokinetic parameters and enhanced neuroprotection that may be utilized in the future to explore it commercially.
First Human Report of Relief of Lumbar and Cervical Discogenic and
Arthritic Back Pain after Epidural and Facet Joint Mesenchymal Stem
Cell Injection: A Case Report
Authors: Sharan Joshua , Barmada Amir , Prodromos Chadwick , Candido Kenneth 
Published: June 2022

Introduction:
Back pain causes tremendous patient suffering and high financial cost to the
healthcare system. Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) have demonstrated the ability to enhance healing
and reduce inflammation and pain without the deleterious side effects of corticosteroids and nonsteroidal
anti-inflammatory drugs in numerous clinical series for peripheral joint arthritis. We hypothesized that
translaminar MSC injection into the epidural space would effectively treat disc arthritis without the burden
of sedation and the risks of disc space injection. We further hypothesized that MSC injection into the
facet joints would effectively and safely treat facet joint-induced back pain. The combination of epidural
and facet joint injection would potentially treat the most recognized low back pain generators with virtually
complete safety.

Objective:
We present the initial results for the first patient enrolled in phase 1 clinical trial of the efficacy
and safety of allogeneic MSCs when injected translaminarly and into the facet joints for the treatment of
recalcitrant discogenic and arthritic back pain.

Case Report:
A 47-year-old male presented with complaints of 13-year-long chronic lower back pain
resistant to conservative treatment. The decision was made to treat the patient with umbilical cord-derived
MSCs. 87 million MSCs were infused intravenously. Simultaneously, 1 million cells were injected into
each of the 8 lumbar epidural facet joints and 5 million cells into the lumbar epidural space. The patient
had no adverse events or complications related to the treatment. Five days after treatment, most of his
lumbar pain was gone, and his back spasms stopped. He no longer needed to take acetaminophen or ibuprofen
and had no difficulty sleeping without medications. The patient also reported his residual cervical
radicular pain to be 98% resolved due to the injection.

Conclusion:
We have demonstrated for the first time that MSC injection into the lumbar facet joints and
epidural space results in significant improvement of lower back pain and can improve symptoms in other
spinal regions without engendering the risks associated with intradiscal injections or epidural use of corticosteroids.
Current Insights into the Role of BRAF Inhibitors in Treatment of Melanoma
Authors: Kumar Pradeep , Singh Ankit Kumar , Kumar Adarsh , Thareja Suresh 
Published: June 2022

Abstract:
Melanomas represent only 4% of all skin cancers, but their mortality rate is more than 50 % of any other
skin cancer. Alteration in genetic and environmental factors are the risk factors for melanoma development. The
RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK or Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway is activated in melanoma. BRAF activation
is necessary to govern differentiation, proliferation, and survival. Mutations in BRAF were found in 80–90% of all
melanomas. Over 90% of BRAF mutations occur at codon 600, and over 90% of them are BRAFV600E other common
mutations are BRAFV600K, BRAFV600R, BRAF V600′E2′, and BRAF V600D. Based on αC-helix and DFG motif
(αC-helix-IN/DFG-IN), (αC-helix-IN/DFG-OUT), (αC-helix-OUT/DFG-IN) and (αC-helix-OUT/ DFG-OUT) are four
structural types of inhibitors for targeting BRAF. Sorafenib, Vemurafenib, Dabrafenib, and Encorafenib are FDAapproved
for the treatment of BRAF. Understanding melanoma pathogenesis, RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK or MAPK pathway,
and BRAF conformations, mutations, the problems with FDA approved BRAF inhibitors will be important for
new drug discovery, modification of existing BRAF barriers to improve target specific action, and prevent increasing
response levels while minimizing toxicity.
Microbiome Medicine: Microbiota in Development and Management of Cardiovascular Diseases
Authors: Garg Yogesh , Kanwar Navjot , Chopra Shruti , Tambuwala Murtaza M. , Dodiya Hemraj , Bhatia Amit , Kanwal Abhinav 
Published: June 2022

Abstract:The gut microbiome consists of trillions of bacteria and other microbes whose metabolic activities and interactions with the immune system go beyond the gut itself. We are all aware that bacteria and other microorganisms have a significant impact on our health. Also, the health of the bacteria directly reflects the health status of the body where they reside. Eventually, alterations in the microbiome at different sites of a body are associated with many different diseases such as obesity, IBD, malnutrition, CVD, etc. Microbiota directly or indirectly affects the heart with the formation of plaques in the blood vessels, and cell walls become prone to lesion development. This ultimately leads to heightening the overall inflammatory status via increased bacterial translocation. Metabolites derived from the gut microbial metabolism of choline, phosphatidylcholine, and L-carnitine directly contribute to CVD pathology. These dietary nutrients have trimethylamine (TMA) moiety, which participates in the development of atherosclerotic heart disease. The objective of this review was to examine various metabolic pathways regulated by the gut microbiome that appear to alter heart function and lead to the development and progression of cardiovascular diseases, as well as how to target the gut microbiome for a healthier heart. In this review, we also discussed various clinical drugs having crosstalk between microbiota and heart and clinical trials for the gut-heart microbiome.
Correlation Between Vitamin B12 Deficiency and Autoimmune Thyroid
Diseases
Authors: Kacharava Tinatin , Giorgadze Elene , Janjgava Shota , Lomtadze Nino , Taboridze Iamze 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD) are the most prevalent organ-specific
autoimmune disorders. Vitamin B12 plays an important role in the proper functioning of the
immune system. The aim of this study was therefore to investigate the correlation between vitamin
B12 deficiency and AITD.

Methods and Materials:
A total of 306 patients (aged 18-65 years, mean – 37.6 ± 11.3 years and
comprising 87 males and 219 females) were studied retrospectively (observational study). Patients
were divided into groups: with and without vitamin B12 deficiency, and with and without AITD.
Differences between groups were evaluated by Fisher’s exact test for qualitative variables and by
Student’s t-test for quantitative variables. Correlations for quantitative factors were determined by
the Pearson correlation coefficient and for qualitative factors by Spearman correlation analysis. The
sensitivity and specificity of vitamin B12 deficiency for AITD were calculated by ROC analysis.

Results:
The vitamin B12 level was significantly lower in patients with AITD (and 200.70 + 108.84)
compared to controls (393.41+150.78 p<0.0001). Patients with vitamin B12 deficiency were characterized
by significantly higher mean values of anti-TPO (236.60+455.74) compared to controls
(39.51+165.57 p<0.0001). Vitamin B12 levels were inversely correlated to anti-TPO levels (r=–
0.233, p<0.001). Roc analysis of vitamin B12 as a diagnostic test for AITD gave the area under
curve as 0.881 (95% CI: 0.839-0.924), a sensitivity of – 0.947, a specificity of – 0.768, and a cutoff
value of – 178.9.

Conclusions:
The vitamin B12 level correlates significantly to AITD. The concentration of vitamin
B12 should therefore be determined in patients with autoimmune thyroiditis as a diagnostic test with
high sensitivity and good specificity.
Synthesis and Photocatalytic Activity of Si-doped TiO2 Nanotube/SnS Hybrids
for Environmental Decontamination
Authors: Ma Ning , He Hai-Yan 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Heterostructures with nanoscale sizes have great superiorities in photocatalytic environment decontaminant because of their efficient interface charge transfer and great surface area.

Objective:
This work reports the facile fabrication of nano-tubular TiO2 and Si-doped TiO2 (NTs) hybridizing SnS nanocrystallites and their high-efficient photocatalytic activity.

Methods:
The modified hydrothermal processes were used to synthesize the nanotubes. A chemical bath deposition process was used to hybridize SnS nanocrystallines with the nanotubes.

Results:
The fabricated nanostructures show wide light absorption in the UV-visible region. The SBET, light absorption, hydrophilicity, and photo-induced super hydrophilicity were enhanced by Si-doping and SnS modification. Moreover, high-efficient interface charge transfer was produced after the SnS modification and further enhanced by the Si doping because of band structure modulation.

Conclusion:
Thus, the Si-doped TiO2 nanotubes/SnS heterostructures showed remarkably enhanced photocatalytic and Fenton-like photocatalytic activity in dye wastewater treatment than the TiO2 NTs. This work suggests potential materials and their facile fabrication process for the photocatalytic application of environmental decontamination.
Mechanism, Pathophysiology and Herbal Management-A Review on
Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Authors: Wal Ankita , Wal Pranay , Verma Neha , Rai Awani Kumar , Vatsha Piyush 
Published: June 2022

Background:
The global distribution of IBS is surprisingly uniform, affecting men and women of all ages. Its deep-rooted character, symptoms that fluctuate from moderate to extreme, have several detrimental effects on the sufferer's standard of living; consequently, proper treatment of these patients is necessary. The etiology of IBS is unknown. Although several explanations were also proposed, the specific etiology of irritable bowel syndrome remains unknown. Clinical trials using stabilized therapies and new active medications have shown symptom reduction over placebo.

Objective:
IBS has long been linked to visceral sensitivity and gastrointestinal motor abnormalities. The pathophysiology of IBS appears to be multifaceted. However, several of the following elements are vital in forming IBS. This paper aims to provide a complete, scientific proof assessment of the prognosis, pathogenesis, and therapy choices to assist clinicians in successfully treating their patients.

Method:
The report's information was compiled by combining numerous review articles and research papers from multiple sources, including Hindawi, Elsevier, NCBI [National Centre for Biotechnology Information], and Research Gate, from 1981 to 2021, using keywords such as IBS, Brain-gut axis, postinfectious IBS, Microbiota, low-grade inflammation, and so on.

Conclusion:
The acute symptom influences the selection of medical techniques and therapy (IBS with diarrhoea, IBS with constipation, or mixed IBS). Current research demonstrates both pharmaceutical and non-pharmaceutical treatment has a positive impact (in comparison to a placebo) on irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) problems, discomfort relief, and improved health status.
Single Phase to Ground Fault Location of Distribution Network Based on
Combined-GAT
Authors: Yang Xiaoyu , Liu Keyan , Sheng Wanxing 
Published: June 2022

Background:
At present, small current grounding system has been widely used in distribution network of China. Affected by the complex topology of the distribution network and other factors, single-phase grounding fault has become the most prone type of electrical short-circuit fault in China.

Objective:
Considering that the traditional fault selection and location methods are difficult to mine the effective information of fault quantity, a new method is proposed in this paper to achieve accurate fault location on the basis of ensuring timeliness.

Methods:
In this paper, the physical topology of the distribution network is regarded as a graph, the overhead lines and cables of the main equipment are regarded as the nodes in the graph, and the problem of fault node location is corresponding to the task of graph attention classification. Considering the average degree and homogeneity of the given network topology, an improved graph attention network is built to realize fault node location.

Results:
This paper verifies the effectiveness of the proposed model for fault location through simulation in PSCADA. In addition, the applicability of the proposed model in the case of changes in the distribution network structure is verified. It verifies that the proposed method achieves high positioning accuracy.
Low-Power Approximate Arithmetic Circuits for IoT Devices
Authors: Thakur Garima , Sohal Harsh , Jain Shruti 
Published: June 2022

Aim:
The aim of the study was to implement low-power approximate arithmetic circuits
for IoT devices.

Background:
Information transmitted via electronic media is exposed to security threats. With the
advancement of internet technology, the devices linked to the internet are growing, leading to the
Internet of Things (IoT).

Objective:
IoT and big data are the prominent computing paradigms that employ approximate
computing. It takes the benefit of various applications' error-tolerable features to lower the
amount of resources necessary to deliver a specific degree of computation quality. An IoT device
has to receive and transmit a lot of data. If this data size can be reduced by approximate computing,
then a lot of power can be saved, which provides the dual benefit of data protection and
power consumption.

Methods:
The approximated adder and multiplier using AIF is proposed that helps in the reduction
of power consumption and security threats that occur in IoT devices.

Result:
The proposed approximated adder and multiplier consumes 2.81% to 32.95% less power
as compared to conventional technique.

Conclusion:
For the protection of data communication in IoT devices from security threats, approximate
arithmetic circuits play a fundamental role. To attain this issue, in this paper, authors
have proposed approximate adder and multiplier using AIF, which also provides reduction in
power consumption. The proposed circuits can be used as a basic block for security purposes in
IoT devices. In future, approximation algorithms will be implemented for mitigation of security
threats.
Penerapan Progressive Web Application Pada website Online Public Access Catalog (OPAC) UMM
Authors: Al Hamid Muchsin Bin jafar , Nuryasin Ilyas , Sari Zamah 
Published: June 2022

Online Public Access Catalog (OPAC) adalah sistem pencarian informasi yang berisikan catatan bibliografi pendek berupa Jurnal , Buku dan materi audio-visual yang tersedia pada perpustakaan. Kelemahan yang dimiliki OPAC | LASer UMM berbasis web saat ini adalah tidak mempunyai keunggulan dari web modern seperti penggunaan mode offline, dapat di install pada homescreen dan dapat memberikan User Experience (UX) seperti aplikasi native. Dengan Progressive Web Apps (PWA) untuk mengatasi keterbatasan tersebut dengan menggunakan teknologi baru dari web browser seperti Service Worker , Web Application Manifest dan Architecture Application Shell. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah membuat website OPAC | UMM Library Automation Services (LASer) dapat diakses secara offline dan berbasis mobile app menggunakan Progressive Web Apps (PWA). Hasil dari implementasi PWA pada sistem OPAC UMM menunjukan bahwa dengan service worker dapat membuat website tidak bergantung pada konektivitas jaringan internet sehingga dapat diakses dalam keadaan offline. Dengan menggunakan Manifest dan shell application , website dapat di tambahkan ke layar utama pada smartphone mobile dan desktop. Sedangkan fitur indexedDB dalam sistem website dapat menyimpan data ke browser walaupun tidak ada konektivitas dan akan mengirim setelah jaringan terhubung kembali. Hasil pengujian dengan metode baseline checklist telah terpenuhi serta mendapatkan skor diatas 90 dari 100 dan PWA sudah diimplementasikan dengan sempurna pada sistem online public access catalog.