bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Living with primary brain calcification with PDGFB variants: A qualitative study
Authors: Takeuchi Tomiko , Aoyagi Hisami , Kuwako Yoshimi , Hozumi Isao 
Published: October 2022

Introduction
Primary brain calcification (PBC) is a rare and intractable neurodegenerative disease. SLC20A2 and PDGFB are two major causative genes. As there is no effective treatment to avoid further progression or to prevent the onset of the disease, the patients may experience psychological distress. There is a qualitative study on the experiences of patients with primary brain calcification with SLC20A2 variants. However, the experiences of patients with PDGFB variants of the disease have not been explored. The purpose of this study is to identify the experiences of patients with PDGFB variants after diagnosis.

Materials and methods
Semi-structured interviews were conducted once or twice a year for three years with five patients over the age of 21. The data were analyzed using inductive qualitative methods.

Results
Seven categories, 15 subcategories, and 129 codes were extracted. The seven categories are as follows: [Shock at hearing the term ‘brain calcification’ for the first time], [Anxiety regarding the risk of heredity], [Anxiety, along with severe headaches, and various other symptoms], [Gratitude for the family members who care], [Accepting the disease as a non-life-threatening illness], [Feeling alienated due to the rare intractable disease], and [Modifying lifestyle due to the illness].

Discussion
The most stressful aspect of the disease was the headache that persisted even with the use of analgesics, which was different from patients with the SLC20A2 variants. In addition, we found unique concepts such as anxiety regarding the risk of heredity and a feeling of alienation due to the rare and intractable disease.
Limited evidence of patient-to-patient transmission of Staphylococcus aureus strains between children with cystic fibrosis, Queensland, Australia
Authors: Biggs Sharon L. , Jennison Amy V. , Bergh Haakon , Graham Rikki , Nimmo Graeme , Whiley David 
Published: October 2022

Objectives
Here we used whole genome sequencing (WGS) to understand strain diversity and potential for patient-to-patient transmission of Staphylococcus aureus among children with cystic fibrosis (CF) in Queensland, Australia.

Methods
S. aureus isolates (n = 401) collected between January 2018 and April 2019 from 184 patients with CF (n = 318 isolates) and 76 patients without CF (n = 83 isolates) were subjected to WGS and subsequent multilocus sequence typing (MLST), and a phylogeny was constructed from core genome single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis. The subsequent data was compared with available patient information.

Results
WGS revealed that patients with CF were essentially colonised by the same genotypes as those seen in patients without CF. Sequence types (ST) for our patients with CF were predominantly ST5 (20.1%), ST30 (7.3%), ST15 (6.3%) and ST8 (5.3%). Two Australian clones, ST93 and ST239, typically seen in skin infections and health-care settings, respectively, were notably absent from our patients with CF. Based on a SNP distance threshold of 14 SNPs, 20 cluster types involving 50/260 patients were evident; of these, 6 clusters contained only patients found to be siblings or otherwise living in the same household. Epidemiological relationships could not be determined for a remaining 14 cluster types involving 38 patients, comprising 2–7 (median 2) patients each. Multiple S. aureus genotypes were observed in 19/73 CF patients who provided more than one sample.

Conclusion
These results show that WGS is a useful tool for surveillance of S. aureus strains in children with CF and that the strains in our CF cohort were largely consistent with those circulating in patients without CF. Overall, this confirms previous findings and indicates that S. aureus acquisition in children with CF is similar to that of other patient groups, with limited evidence of potential patient-to-patient transmission within this patient group.
Absence of posterior pituitary bright spot in adults with CNS tuberculosis: A case-control study
Authors: G. Smitesh G. , Mannam Pavithra , Kumar Vignesh , George Tina , K. Murugabharathy , Prakash Turaka Vijay , Yadav Bijesh , Sudarsanam Thambu David 
Published: October 2022

Introduction
Current diagnostic methods used in Central Nervous System Tuberculosis (CNS TB) are limited by the paucibacillary nature of this form of tuberculosis. Posterior pituitary bright spot (PPBS) refers to an area of T1 hyperintensity in the posterior pituitary in MR imaging of the brain. It is found in 80–90% of healthy children and adults. In children with CNS TB, nearly half have absence of PPBS. This finding has not been described in adults. Our study looked for absence of PPBS in MR imaging and its association with CNS tuberculosis.

Objective
To study prevalence of the absence of PPBS in patients with CNS tuberculosis when compared to a control group of normal patients.

Methods
This was a retrospective case-control study of 100 patients with CNS tuberculosis and 200 controls (matched in 1:2 ratio) of patients with normal MRI brain. The MRI images were presented to a blinded radiologist in a randomised sequence to report for absence of PPBS. The data was subsequently analysed to look for association of absence of PPBS with CNS tuberculosis.

Results
Absence of PPBS (cases (47%), controls (8.5%)) was significantly associated with CNS tuberculosis in (Odds ratio-7.90, 95%CI 4.04–15.44, P-value<0.0001). The specificity, sensitivity, positive predictive value and positive likelihood ratio are 91.5%, 47%, 73.4% and 5.53 respectively. Adding of absence of PPBS as an additional radiological feature in diagnosis of CNS TB increased the sensitivity from 77% to 84%.

Conclusion
Absence of PPBS is significantly associated with CNS tuberculosis and could be a relatively simple diagnostic aid in the diagnosis of CNS tuberculosis.
Automated multi-class classification for prediction of tympanic membrane changes with deep learning models
Authors: Choi Yeonjoo , Chae Jihye , Park Keunwoo , Hur Jaehee , Kweon Jihoon , Ahn Joong Ho 
Published: October 2022

Backgrounds and objective
Evaluating the tympanic membrane (TM) using an otoendoscope is the first and most important step in various clinical fields. Unfortunately, most lesions of TM have more than one diagnostic name. Therefore, we built a database of otoendoscopic images with multiple diseases and investigated the impact of concurrent diseases on the classification performance of deep learning networks.

Study design
This retrospective study investigated the impact of concurrent diseases in the tympanic membrane on diagnostic performance using multi-class classification. A customized architecture of EfficientNet-B4 was introduced to predict the primary class (otitis media with effusion (OME), chronic otitis media (COM), and ’None’ without OME and COM) and secondary classes (attic cholesteatoma, myringitis, otomycosis, and ventilating tube).

Results
Deep-learning classifications accurately predicted the primary class with dice similarity coefficient (DSC) of 95.19%, while misidentification between COM and OME rarely occurred. Among the secondary classes, the diagnosis of attic cholesteatoma and myringitis achieved a DSC of 88.37% and 88.28%, respectively. Although concurrent diseases hampered the prediction performance, there was only a 0.44% probability of inaccurately predicting two or more secondary classes (29/6,630). The inference time per image was 2.594 ms on average.

Conclusion
Deep-learning classification can be used to support clinical decision-making by accurately and reproducibly predicting tympanic membrane changes in real time, even in the presence of multiple concurrent diseases.
The structural underpinnings of multifunctionality and syncretism in non-finite forms in Irish
Authors: Bloch-Trojnar Maria 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe paper proposes a constructionist analysis of two highly syncretic non-finite forms in Irish, traditionally referred to as the verbal noun (VN) and the verbal adjective (VA). The VN can fulfil the function of the infinitive, the ‘present participle’ in the periphrastic progressive, the argument supporting (AS) nominal and the R(eferential)-nominal. The VA can function as the passive participle in periphrastic passives/resultatives, the ‘passive’ adjective, the active participle (showing further syncretism with the genitive of VN) and the ‘active’ adjective. The basic idea is that the two syncretic forms receive a unified analysis (i.e. same structure). The VN is viewed as a kind of “elsewhere” realization of [vP[Root]] in all contexts except for [Tfin[VoiceP [vP [Root]]]]. VA spell-out is implemented when the morphosyntactic bundle carries no features that positively define the input as verbal or nominal. The height of affix attachment is indicative of the type of participle involved. Verbal passive/perfective participles and corresponding adjectives embed the external argument introducing projection (VoiceP), whereas active verbal participles and adjectives lack it. The extensive multifunctionality and syncretism in Irish seem to be closely linked to the lack of the AspP layer in the structure of non-finite verbs, nominals and adjectives as well as the lack of overt transitivizing morphology.
Experimental and kinetic studies of biogas production from petroleum oily sludge by anaerobic co-digestion with animals’ dung at thermophilic conditions
Authors: Jasim Hassan S. , Ismail Zainab Z. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Anaerobic co-digestion technology is widely used for biogas generation from organic wastes. In this study, co-digestion of petroleum oily sludge (POS) for biogas production in bench-scale anaerobic digesters at thermophilic conditions was investigated. The effects of inoculum type on the biogas production were considered. Three types of inoculums were examined individually for the co-digestion of POS which were; poultry manure, cattle manure, and cow dung. The results revealed that the biogas production from poultry manure, cattle manure, and cow dung exceeded its production from uninoculated POS by 64.6, 20.94 and 6.1% respectively. Effect of C/N on the co-digestion process was also considered in this study. Modified Gompertz model was applied to describe the kinetic of the co-digestion process. The predicted and experimental results of biogas generation were fitted well with coefficients of determination > 0.96 indicating appropriate conditions of the co-digestion process. Statistical analysis was performed to estimate if there were significant differences in terms of cumulative biogas yield. A significance level value of < 0.05 was obtained.
An overview of mechanical and corrosion properties of aluminium matrix composites reinforced with plant based natural fibres
Authors: Aliyu Isah , Sapuan Salit Mohd , Zainudin Edi Syams , Mohamed Yusoff Mohd Zuhri , Yahaya Ridwan , Aiza Jaafar Che Nor 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Many researchers have become more interested in utilizing plant based natural fibre as reinforcement for the fabrication of aluminium matrix composites (AMCs) in recent time. The utilization of these environmentally friendly and cost effective plant based natural fibre is necessitated to avoid environmental pollution. The desire for cost-effective and low-cost energy materials in automotive, biomedical, aerospace, marine, and other applications, however, is redefining the research environment in plant based natural fibre metal matrix composite materials. As a result, the goal of this review study is to investigate the impact of agricultural waste-based reinforcements on the mechanical properties and corrosion behaviour of AMCs made using various fabrication routes. Processing settings can be modified to produce homogenous structures with superior AMC characteristics, according to the findings. Plant based natural fibre ash reinforcing materials such as palm kernel shell ash, rice husk ash, sugarcane bagasse, bamboo stem ash, and corn cob ash can reduce AMCs density without sacrificing mechanical qualities. Furthermore, efficient utilization of plant based natural fibre reduces manufacturing costs and prevents environmental pollution, making it a sustainable material. Brittle composites
, unlike ceramic and synthetic reinforced composites, are not formed by plant based natural fibre reinforcements. As a result of our findings, plant based natural fibre AMCs have a high potential to replace expensive and hazardous ceramic and synthetic reinforced-AMCs, which can be used in a variety of automotive applications requiring lower cost, higher strength-to-weight ratio, and corrosion resistance.
Modelling volatility dependence with score copula models
Authors: Alanya-Beltran Willy 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
I study score-driven models for modelling high persistence dependence between financial volatility series. I model this persistence dependence with two components, one for the long memory and the other for the short-term process. The addition of components offers a parsimonious solution for modelling high persistence and also allows for a short-term component for the transient shocks. I apply the model to emerging equities in the Americas. The estimates are robust to the advent of the pandemic. In addition, data resampling and marginal alternatives deliver similar parameter estimates. The proposed two-component model improves the in-sample diagnostics and generates more accurate out-of-sample forecasts.
Three-participant events in Romani
Authors: Schippling Melanie 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis paper presents the results of an investigation into the morphosyntactic expression of three-participant events in Romani and situates Romani within a typological framework (Margetts & Austin 2007). It provides an inventory of attested strategies and first insights into their distribution across the dialects of Romani. My research indicates that three-place predicate and oblique/adjunct strategies are the principal means for encoding three-participant events in Romani, each applicable for several event types. However, dialectal differences become apparent. For each Romani dialect cluster, one variety is particularly focussed upon, namely: Kalderaš (Vlax), Arli (Balkan), East Slovak Romani (Central), Sinti (Northwestern), and Lithuanian Romani (Northeastern).
Perinatal Morphine Exposure Leads to Sex-Dependent Executive Function Deficits and Microglial Changes in Mice
Authors: Smith Brittany L. , Guzman Tess A. , Brendle Alexander H. , Laaker Collin J. , Ford Alexis , Hiltz Adam R. , Zhao Junfang , Setchell Kenneth D. R. , Reyes Teresa M. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractChildren exposed prenatally to opioids are at an increased risk for behavioral problems and executive function deficits. The prefrontal cortex (PFC) and amygdala (AMG) regulate executive function and social behavior and are sensitive to opioids prenatally. Opioids can bind to toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) to activate microglia, which may be developmentally important for synaptic pruning. Therefore, we tested the effects of perinatal morphine exposure on executive function and social behavior in male and female mouse offspring, along with microglial-related and synaptic-related outcomes. Dams were injected once daily subcutaneously with saline (n = 8) or morphine (MO; 10 mg/kg;n = 12) throughout pregestation, gestation, and lactation until offspring were weaned on postnatal day 21 (P21). Male MO offspring had impairments in attention and accuracy in the five-choice serial reaction time task, while female MO offspring were less affected. Targeted gene expression analysis at P21 in the PFC identified alterations in microglial-related and TLR4-related genes, while immunohistochemical analysis in adult brains indicated decreased microglial Iba1 and phagocytic CD68 proteins in the PFC and AMG in males, but females had an increase. Further, both male and female MO offspring had increased social preference. Overall, these data demonstrate male vulnerability to executive function deficits in response to perinatal opioid exposure and evidence for disruptions in neuron–microglial signaling.
CBP/p300 and HDAC activities regulate H3K27 acetylation dynamics and zygotic genome activation in mouse preimplantation embryos
Authors: Wang Meng , Chen Zhiyuan , Zhang Yi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractEpigenome reprogramming after fertilization enables transcriptionally quiescent maternal and paternal chromatin to acquire a permissive state for subsequent zygotic genome activation (ZGA). H3K27 acetylation (H3K27ac) is a well‐established chromatin marker of active enhancers and promoters. However, reprogramming dynamics of H3K27ac during maternal‐to‐zygotic transition (MZT) in mammalian embryos are not well‐studied. By profiling the allelic landscape of H3K27ac during mouse MZT, we show that H3K27ac undergoes three waves of rapid global transitions between oocyte stage and 2‐cell stage. Notably, germinal vesicle oocyte and zygote chromatin are globally hyperacetylated, with noncanonical, broad H3K27ac domains that correlate with broad H3K4 trimethylation (H3K4me3) and open chromatin. H3K27ac marks genomic regions primed for activation including ZGA genes, retrotransposons, and active alleles of imprinted genes. We show that CBP/p300 and HDAC activities play important roles in regulating H3K27ac dynamics and are essential for preimplantation development. Specifically, CBP/p300 acetyltransferase broadly deposits H3K27ac in zygotes to induce the opening of condensed chromatin at putative enhancers and ensure proper ZGA. On the contrary, HDACs revert broad H3K27ac domains to canonical domains and safeguard ZGA by preventing premature expression of developmental genes. In conclusion, coordinated activities of CBP/p300 and HDACs during mouse MZT are essential for ZGA and preimplantation development.
Distribución espaciotemporal de ocho especies de garzas (Ardeidae) durante la reproducción en Isla Pájaros, Oaxaca- Chiapas, México
Authors: Mera-Ortíz Ghelen , Enríquez Paula L. , Valle-Mora Javier Francisco , Palacios-Castro Eduardo 
Published: October 2022

Las garzas que se reproducen en colonias presentan requerimientos ecológicos similares e intensifican sus relaciones interespecíficas. Sin embargo, estas especies pueden coexistir al segregarse temporal y espacialmente. Se estimó el número de nidos de ocho especies de garzas (Ardea alba, Egretta thula, E. caerulea, E. tricolor, E. rufescens, Bubulcus ibis, Nycticorax nycticorax y Cochlearius cochlearius) durante la temporada reproductiva marzo a agosto de 2018 en Isla Pájaros, Laguna Mar Muerto, Oaxaca- Chiapas, México. Así mismo, se estimaron las abundancias de las parejas reproductoras, el patrón temporal y espacial de reproducción por especie, y se describió el sitio de anidación. Se contaron nidos en 96 parcelas y se midieron ocho variables ambientales. Se registraron 1018 nidos, donde B. ibis presentó el mayor número de parejas reproductoras (299), seguida por E. tricolor (213) y E. thula (142). Las especies menos abundantes fueron C. cochlearius (35) y E. caerulea (33). La distribución de los nidos en la isla varió espacial y temporalmente entre parcelas al igual que la composición de especies y la abundancia de nidos por parcela (P < 0,001). Se registró una distribución vertical en la construcción de los nidos de al menos tres especies, mientras que las cuatro garcitas de similar tamaño (E. thula, E. caerulea, E. tricolor y B. ibis) anidaron juntas en las partes intermedias. Se registraron agrupaciones entre las especies y características de la vegetación. Los patrones de distribución espacial y temporal de estas especies permiten entender el uso de un recurso común durante la reproducción.
Diet of <i>Acanthochelys spixii</i> and <i>Hydromedusa tectifera</i> (Chelidae) in the southern Brazil
Authors: Medeiros Chaviel Bruna , Silveira Mascarenhas Carolina , Corrêa Fabiano , Costa Silveira Emily , Afonso Coimbra Marco Antônio , Müller Gertrud 
Published: October 2022

Data about the diet of the freshwater turtles Acanthochelys spixii and Hydromedusa tectifera from southern Brazil populations remain little known. In this context, the digestive tract of 21 A. spixii and 20 of H. tectifera individuals from three municipalities in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil were examined. The food items were identified at the lowest possible taxonomic level, quantified, and conserved in ethanol 70°GL. The frequency of occurrence (F %) and volume percentage (V %) were estimated, as well as the food importance index (IAi %). The range of the trophic niche and the feeding strategy of both species were analyzed. The diet of A. spixii and H. tectifera was compared through the Mann-Whitney test (P < 0.05). Both species presented a generalist food strategy, consuming mainly insects, represented by Hemiptera, Odonata, Coleoptera, and Diptera. There was no significant difference in the volume of items consumed by both species (Mann-Whitney test, z =-0.387, P = 0.69). Concerning the trophic niche range, we observed low values for both species, it was of 0.41 for A. spixii and 0.39 for H. tectifera suggesting a more restricted diet with uniformity in food consumption, however, we highlight that a more restricted diet does not suggest a trophic specialization, because the availability of food items have variation in time and space. The study contributed information on the diet of species in the region, generating data that can be used in programs for the conservation of species and their habitats.
Zasada wolności religijnej w Deklaracji o wolności religijnej Dignitatis humanae Soboru Watykańskiego II
Authors: Wąsik Lucyna 
Published: October 2022

Temat wolności religijnej, żywo dyskutowany podczas Soboru Watykańskiego II, doczekał się w trakcie jego obrad samodzielnego dokumentu w postaci Deklaracji o wolności religijnej Dignitatis humanae. Soborowa koncepcja wolności religijnej została oparta na fundamencie godności osoby ludzkiej poznawanej poprzez rozum i objawienie. Prezentacja tej koncepcji obejmuje podmiot wolności religijnej, którym jest każdy człowiek, działający indywidualnie i wspólnie z innymi, uzewnętrzniający swoje przekonania religijne. W konsekwencji prowadzi to do powstania konkretnych relacji międzyosobowych, które stają się przestrzenią realizowania praw i obowiązków wynikających z prawa do wolności religijnej.
Causes of shortness of breath in patients with stable coronary heart disease
Authors: Yarmedova S. F. , Yavelov I. S. , Drapkina O. M. 
Published: October 2022

Shortness of breath is a common debilitating and limiting the quality of life symptom, which leads to frequent requests for medical help. The review summarizes data on the causes of shortness of breath in stable patients with suspected coronary heart disease (CHD), with an established diagnosis of CHD, as well as in patients with other cardiovascular diseases. PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar, and eLibrary search platforms were used for the selection of publications, the review includes publications from 2009 to 2021. Patients with suspected coronary artery disease complaining of shortness of breath, in addition to myocardial ischemia, not always associated with stenosing atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries. The following causes of shortness of breath are described: bronchial obstruction, psychogenic hyperventilation, and depression. When studying patients with other cardiovascular diseases, the causes of shortness of breath turned out to be even more diverse: transient myocardial ischemia (including in cases where the cause of shortness of breath initially appears to be non-ischemic), chronic heart failure, cardiac arrhythmias, pathology of the heart valves, thyroid dysfunction, lung diseases, obesity, anemia, etc. Thus, despite the limited evidence, it is obvious that in the presence of paroxysmal dyspnea in patients with stable coronary heart disease, its causes are more diverse than transient myocardial ischemia.