bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between irisin and metabolic parameters in nondiabetic, nonobese adults: a meta-analysis
Authors: Li Yan , Xu Zhenbin 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Irisin has been proposed to have a beneficial influence on the metabolic status of animals and humans. However, the relationship between circulating irisin levels and the risks of metabolic components in humans remains unclear. In the present meta-analysis, we aimed to evaluate the association between circulating irisin and metabolic parameters in nonobese, nondiabetic adults.

Methods
We searched PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science and ClinicalTrial.gov using the main search terms and identified original articles published prior to March 7, 2022. Studies that met our inclusion criteria and reported the association between irisin and metabolic parameters were included in our meta-analysis. We used the Newcastle Ottawa scale to assess the quality of the included studies.

Results
A total of 14 studies (711 subjects) in 11 articles were included for qualitative and quantitative synthesis. The pooled results showed that circulating irisin was positively and significantly correlated with fasting blood glucose (r = 0.159), HOMA-IR (r = 0.217) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) (r = 0.168). However, no significant association was detected between irisin levels and other metabolic parameters.

Conclusions
Thus, these findings indicated the possible link between irisin levels and part of the metabolic parameters in apparently metabolically normal individuals. However, the regulation of irisin in metabolism in humans remains to be fully elucidated, and well-designed prospective studies will be needed in the future.
Trial registration The review protocol was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO): CRD42022315269.
Association of the gallbladder or biliary diseases with dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors in patients with type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Yu Meng , Yang Zheng , Chen Chongxin , Lv Yuhuan , Xiang Linyu , Zhao Subei , Li Rong 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Previous studies have shown inconsistent conclusions regarding the association between incretin-based therapies and the risk of developing gallbladder or biliary diseases. We conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the risk of gallbladder or biliary diseases associated with dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors (DPP4i) in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Methods
The PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov databases were searched (from inception up to March 14, 2022) for published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared DPP4i with placebo or other glucose-lowering drugs in patients with type 2 diabetes. The outcomes of interest were cholecystitis, cholangitis, cholelithiasis, bile duct stones, and biliary colic. Relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were pooled using a random-effects model. Subgroup analyses were performed according to patient age, trial duration, and types of DPP4i.

Results
In total, 97,150 participants from 75 eligible RCTs were included in the meta-analysis. DPP4i were associated with an increased risk of composite of gallbladder or biliary diseases (RR 1.20 [95% CI 1.01–1.42]) and cholecystitis (RR 1.38 [95% CI 1.08–1.75]). Among all included trials, DPP4i showed no association with the following manifestations of gallbladder or biliary diseases: cholelithiasis (RR 1.00 [95% CI 0.76–1.32]), cholangitis (RR 0.81 [95% CI 0.39–1.66]), bile duct stones (RR 1.08 [95% CI 0.57–2.05]), and biliary colic (RR 0.72 [95% CI 0.23–2.25]). Subgroup analyses showed that DPP4i were associated with a higher risk of cholecystitis in older patients (RR 1.37 [95% CI 1.03–1.83]) compared with younger patients (RR 1.08 [95% CI 0.89–2.18]) and in those with a longer duration of drug use (RR 1.43 [95% CI 1.08–1.89]) compared with shorter use (RR 1.23 [95% CI 0.74–2.03]).

Conclusions
This systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs found that the use of DPP4i was associated with an increased risk of cholecystitis, especially in patients of advanced age or in those who were exposed to the drugs for a long period of time.
Maternal and neonatal outcomes with the use of long acting, compared to intermediate acting basal insulin (NPH) for managing diabetes during pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Jijiao , Ji Xiaochen , Liu Ting , Zhao Nan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
To assess the impact of long-acting insulin analogues, compared to intermediate acting neutral protamine Hagedron (NPH), on maternal, perinatal and neonatal outcomes.

Methods
Studies for inclusion in the review were identified using a structured search strategy in PubMed, Scopus and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) database. Studies that were randomized controlled trials or observational in design were considered for inclusion. Eligible studies should have compared the maternal, perinatal and neonatal outcomes between pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) managed by intermediate acting (NPH) and by long-acting insulin analogues. Statistical analysis was performed using STATA software.

Results
We found 17 studies to be eligible for inclusion. The mean gestational weight gain and risk of maternal hypoglycaemia, hypertensive disorder, caesarean delivery, spontaneous abortion, endometritis and wound infection or dehiscence were similar among pregnant women with GDM managed using long-acting insulin analogues and NPH. Those receiving long-acting insulin analogues had significantly lower HbA1c values in the second (WMD − .09, 95% CI 0.12, − 0.06; N = 4) and third trimester (WMD − 0.08, 95% CI − 0.14, − 0.02; N = 12). The mean gestational age and birth weight and risk of perinatal mortality, prematurity, large for gestational age, small for gestational age, shoulder dystocia and congenital abnormalities was similar among babies in both groups. No statistically significant differences in risk of admission to neonatal intensive care unit, respiratory distress, neonatal hypoglycaemia, 5 min APGAR score of < 7, neonatal hyperbilirubinemia and sepsis was observed. The quality of pooled evidence, as per GRADE criteria, was judged to be “very low” for all the maternal and neonatal outcomes considered.

Conclusions
Findings suggest no significant differences in the maternal, perinatal and neonatal outcomes between intermediate and long-acting insulin analogues. The results provide support for use of long-acting insulin analogues in women with GDM. However, evidence is still needed from high quality randomized controlled trials to arrive at a recommendation for inclusion in routine clinical care.
Jatrorrhizine alleviates ulcerative colitis via regulating gut microbiota and NOS2 expression
Authors: Zhang Jia Ling , Zhang Min Na , Wang Hong Gang , Yang Xiao Zhong , Yu Cheng Gong 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
The natural protoberberine jatrorrhizine (JA) is reported to have several medicinal properties and a significant effect on the gut microbiota of mice. The regulation of gut microbiota is generally known to play an important role in the intestinal mucosal immune response to ulcerative colitis (UC). However, whether JA can be used in the treatment of UC is still unclear. Our study aimed to investigate the underlying therapeutic effects and mechanisms of JA in treating colitis.

Results
Compared with the DSS-induced colitis model group, the JA + DSS treated group had more significant improvements in weight loss, disease activity index score, colon length shortening, and pathological inflammation. 16s rRNA sequencing analysis showed that JA treatment protected colitis mice against DSS-induced disturbance of gut microbiota. At the phylum level, reductions in Deferribacteres and Proteobacteria were observed in the JA-treated group; At the genus level, the JA-treated group showed an increased relative abundance of Akkermansia and decreased abundance of Escherichia-Shigella, Desulfovibrio, Mucispirillum, etc. Network pharmacology was then used to screen out five drug-disease target genes (NOS2, ESR1, CALM1, CALM2, CALM3). Transcriptomics analysis further validated that the NOS2 expression was significantly reduced in colon tissue of JA-administered mice compared with DSS control mice. Additionally, analysis of correlation suggested that NOS2 expression was negatively correlated with the relative abundance of AKKermansia and positively correlated with Desulfovibrio, Rikenella.

Conclusion
JA alleviates ulcerative colitis via regulating gut microbiota and NOS2 expression.
Gossypetin ameliorates 5xFAD spatial learning and memory through enhanced phagocytosis against Aβ
Authors: Jo Kyung Won , Lee Dohyun , Cha Dong Gon , Oh Eunji , Choi Yoon Ha , Kim Somi , Park Eun Seo , Kim Jong Kyoung , Kim Kyong-Tai 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundMicroglia are the resident immune cells found in our brain. They have a critical role in brain maintenance. Microglia constantly scavenge various waste materials in the brain including damaged or apoptotic neurons and Aβ. Through phagocytosis of Aβ, microglia prevent the accumulation of Aβ plaque in the brain. However, in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients, chronic exposure to Aβ makes microglia to become exhausted, which reduces their phagocytic activity against Aβ. Since microglia play an important role in Aβ clearance, enhancing microglial phagocytic activity against Aβ is a promising target for AD treatment. Therefore, there is a great need for therapeutic candidate that enhances microglial Aβ clearance while inhibiting microglia’s pathogenic properties.MethodsIn vivo studies were conducted with 5xFAD AD model mice by treating gossypetin for 13 weeks through intragastric administration. Their spatial learning and memory were evaluated through behavior tests such as Y-maze and Morris Water Maze test. Hippocampus and cortex were acquired from the sacrificed mice, and they were used for histological and biochemical analysis. Also, mouse tissues were dissociated into single cells for single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) analysis. Transcriptome of microglial population was analyzed. Mouse primary microglia and BV2 mouse microglial cell line were cultured and treated with fluorescent recombinant Aβ to evaluate whether their phagocytic activity is affected by gossypetin.ResultsGossypetin treatment improved the spatial learning and memory of 5xFAD by decreasing Aβ deposition in the hippocampus and cortex of 5xFAD. Gossypetin induced transcriptomic modulations in various microglial subpopulations, including disease-associated microglia. Gossypetin enhanced phagocytic activity of microglia while decreasing their gliosis. Gossypetin also increased MHC II+microglial population.ConclusionsGossypetin showed protective effects against AD by enhancing microglial Aβ phagocytosis. Gossypetin appears to be a novel promising therapeutic candidate against AD.
A comprehensive update on CIDO: the community-based coronavirus infectious disease ontology
Authors: He Yongqun , Yu Hong , Huffman Anthony , Lin Asiyah Yu , Natale Darren A. , Beverley John , Zheng Ling , Perl Yehoshua , Wang Zhigang , Liu Yingtong , Ong Edison , Wang Yang , Huang Philip , Tran Long , Du Jinyang , Shah Zalan , Shah Easheta , Desai Roshan , Huang Hsin-hui , Tian Yujia , Merrell Eric , Duncan William D. , Arabandi Sivaram , Schriml Lynn M. , Zheng Jie , Masci Anna Maria , Wang Liwei , Liu Hongfang , Smaili Fatima Zohra , Hoehndorf Robert , Pendlington Zoë May , Roncaglia Paola , Ye Xianwei , Xie Jiangan , Tang Yi-Wei , Yang Xiaolin , Peng Suyuan , Zhang Luxia , Chen Luonan , Hur Junguk , Omenn Gilbert S. , Athey Brian , Smith Barry 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
The current COVID-19 pandemic and the previous SARS/MERS outbreaks of 2003 and 2012 have resulted in a series of major global public health crises. We argue that in the interest of developing effective and safe vaccines and drugs and to better understand coronaviruses and associated disease mechenisms it is necessary to integrate the large and exponentially growing body of heterogeneous coronavirus data. Ontologies play an important role in standard-based knowledge and data representation, integration, sharing, and analysis. Accordingly, we initiated the development of the community-based Coronavirus Infectious Disease Ontology (CIDO) in early 2020.

Results
As an Open Biomedical Ontology (OBO) library ontology, CIDO is open source and interoperable with other existing OBO ontologies. CIDO is aligned with the Basic Formal Ontology and Viral Infectious Disease Ontology. CIDO has imported terms from over 30 OBO ontologies. For example, CIDO imports all SARS-CoV-2 protein terms from the Protein Ontology, COVID-19-related phenotype terms from the Human Phenotype Ontology, and over 100 COVID-19 terms for vaccines (both authorized and in clinical trial) from the Vaccine Ontology. CIDO systematically represents variants of SARS-CoV-2 viruses and over 300 amino acid substitutions therein, along with over 300 diagnostic kits and methods. CIDO also describes hundreds of host-coronavirus protein-protein interactions (PPIs) and the drugs that target proteins in these PPIs. CIDO has been used to model COVID-19 related phenomena in areas such as epidemiology. The scope of CIDO was evaluated by visual analysis supported by a summarization network method. CIDO has been used in various applications such as term standardization, inference, natural language processing (NLP) and clinical data integration. We have applied the amino acid variant knowledge present in CIDO to analyze differences between SARS-CoV-2 Delta and Omicron variants. CIDO's integrative host-coronavirus PPIs and drug-target knowledge has also been used to support drug repurposing for COVID-19 treatment.

Conclusion
CIDO represents entities and relations in the domain of coronavirus diseases with a special focus on COVID-19. It supports shared knowledge representation, data and metadata standardization and integration, and has been used in a range of applications.
Patient journey and resources mapping to implement a praziquantel mass drug administration program for children aged 5 years and below in resource-limited settings
Authors: Ncube Mhlengi Vella , Kabuyaya Muhubiri , Chimbari Moses John 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
The early childhood development of millions of children in some low- and medium-income countries may be compromised by schistosomiasis infections contracted at the age of 5 years and below. Currently, there are no standard guidelines for treating schistosomiasis in children that are 5 years and younger using praziquantel (PZQ), the only drug that the World Health Organization (WHO) recommends for treating schistosomiasis. The review is on processes and resources involved in the treatment of schistosomiasis in children aged 5 years and below.

Methods
An electronic search for peer-reviewed articles published in the period from January 2011 to August 2021 was done in the Academic Search Complete, CINAHL with Full Text, Health Source: Nursing/Academic Edition, and MEDLINE databases via EBSCOHost and Google Scholar databases. The search targeted journals that described the treatment of schistosomiasis in children 5 years and below using praziquantel.

Results
Thirteen studies met the inclusion criteria. The patient journey for treating schistosomiasis in children aged 5 years old and below using PZQ included the following activities: enrolment of the children into the treatment program; clinical examination; diagnosis; taking anthropometric measurements; feeding the children, making the PZQ palatable to the children; administration of PZQ; and monitoring of side effects. There was also a variation in the resources used to treat children aged 5 and below for schistosomiasis.

Conclusions
A PZQ mass drug administration program for children aged 5 years old and below in endemic areas should exclude the diagnosis of schistosomiasis before treatment. The resources required in the treatment process should be affordable, and should not require skills and maintenance resources that are beyond those that are available at the primary healthcare level.
Computing confined elasticae
Authors: Bartels Sören , Weyer Pascal 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe devise a numerical scheme for computing arc-length parameterized curves of low bending energy that are confined to convex domains. We address the convergence of the discrete formulations to a continuous model and the unconditional stability of an iterative scheme. Numerical simulations confirm the theoretical results and lead to a classification of observed optimal curves within spheres.
Efficacy and safety of adjunctive therapy to lamotrigine, lithium, or valproate monotherapy in bipolar depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Maruki Taku , Utsumi Tomohiro , Takeshima Masahiro , Fujiwara Yu , Matsui Marie , Aoki Yumi , Toda Hiroyuki , Watanabe Norio , Watanabe Koichiro , Takaesu Yoshikazu 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
The efficacy and safety of adjunctive therapy are unclear in bipolar depression. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of second-generation antipsychotic, lamotrigine, lithium, or valproate therapy used in adjunction with lamotrigine, lithium, or valproate monotherapy in bipolar depression. A literature search of major electronic databases was conducted in February 2021, and all articles published until then were eligible. Two researchers independently screened relevant publications, extracted data, and evaluated methodological quality according to the Cochrane criteria.

Results
Five studies met the inclusion criteria. The meta-analysis revealed significant differences in the following outcomes: (i) remission rates from depressive episodes (risk ratio [RR]: 1.23, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.01–1.50, p = 0.04), (ii) improvement in depressive symptoms (standardized mean difference [SMD]: 0.21, 95% CI 0.09–0.34, p = 0.001), (iii) improvement in quality of life (SMD: 0.22, 95% CI 0.06–0.37, p = 0.005), and (iv) rate of adverse events during the study period (RR: 1.12, 95% CI 1.03–1.22, p = 0.008). There was no significant difference between adjunctive therapy and monotherapy in the emergence of suicide-related behaviors, dropout rate during the study period, or rate of manic switching.

Conclusions
Our results suggest that adjunctive second-generation antipsychotics, lamotrigine, lithium, or valproate increase both the benefits and risks in patients with bipolar depression, although there is no significant difference in severe adverse events. Adjunctive therapy should be provided through shared decision-making while considering the patients’ condition in clinical settings.
Association between depression, happiness, and sleep duration: data from the UAE healthy future pilot study
Authors: Al Balushi Mitha , Al Balushi Sara , Javaid Syed , Leinberger-Jabari Andrea , Al-Maskari Fatma , Al-Houqani Mohammed , Al Dhaheri Ayesha , Al Nuaimi Abdullah , Al Junaibi Abdullah , Oumeziane Naima , Kazim Marina , Al Hamiz Aisha , Haji Muna , Al Hosani Ayesha , Abdel Wareth Leila , AlMahmeed Wael , Alsafar Habiba , AlAnouti Fatme , Al Zaabi Eiman , K. Inman Claire , Shahawy Omar El , Weitzman Michael , Schmidt Ann Marie , Sherman Scott , Abdulle Abdishakur , Ahmad Amar , Ali Raghib 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
The United Arab Emirates Healthy Future Study (UAEHFS) is one of the first large prospective cohort studies and one of the few studies in the region which examines causes and risk factors for chronic diseases among the nationals of the United Arab Emirates (UAE). The aim of this study is to investigate the eight-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-8) as a screening instrument for depression among the UAEHFS pilot participants.

Methods
The UAEHFS pilot data were analyzed to examine the relationship between the PHQ-8 and possible confounding factors, such as self-reported happiness, and self-reported sleep duration (hours) after adjusting for age, body mass index (BMI), and gender.

Results
Out of 517 participants who met the inclusion criteria, 487 (94.2%) participants filled out the questionnaire and were included in the statistical analysis using 100 multiple imputations. 231 (44.7%) were included in the primary statistical analysis after omitting the missing values. Participants’ median age was 32.0 years (Interquartile Range: 24.0, 39.0). In total, 22 (9.5%) of the participant reported depression. Females have shown significantly higher odds of reporting depression than males with an odds ratio = 3.2 (95% CI:1.17, 8.88), and there were approximately 5-fold higher odds of reporting depression for unhappy than for happy individuals. For one interquartile-range increase in age and BMI, the odds ratio of reporting depression was 0.34 (95% CI: 0.1, 1.0) and 1.8 (95% CI: 0.97, 3.32) respectively.

Conclusion
Females are more likely to report depression compared to males. Increasing age may decrease the risk of reporting depression. Unhappy individuals have approximately 5-fold higher odds of reporting depression compared to happy individuals. A higher BMI was associated with a higher risk of reporting depression. In a sensitivity analysis, individuals who reported less than 6 h of sleep per 24 h were more likely to report depression than those who reported 7 h of sleep.
Is decision-making impairment an endophenotype of anorexia nervosa?
Authors: Di Lodovico Laura , Versini Audrey , Lachatre Mathieu , Marcheselli Jacopo , Ramoz Nicolas , Gorwood Philip 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
Patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) show impaired decision-making ability, but it is still unclear if this is a trait marker (i.e., being associated with AN at any stage of the disease) or a state parameter of the disease (i.e., being present only in acutely ill patients), and if it has endophenotypic characteristics. The aim of this study was to determine the endophenotypic, and state- or trait-associated nature of decision-making impairment in AN.

Methods
Ninety-one patients with acute AN (A-AN), 90 unaffected relatives (UR), 23 patients remitted from AN (R-AN), and 204 healthy controls (HC) carried out the Iowa gambling task (IGT). Prospective valence learning (PVL) model was employed to distinguish the cognitive dimensions underlying the decision-making process, that is, learning, consistency, feedback sensitivity, and loss aversion. IGT performance and decision-making dimensions were compared among groups to assess whether they had endophenotypic (i.e., being present in A-AN, UR, and R-AN, but not in HC) and/or trait-associated features (i.e., present in A-AN and R-AN but not in HC).

Results
Patients with A-AN had lower performance at the IGT (p < 0.01), while UR, R-AN, and HC had comparable results. PVL-feedback sensitivity was lower in patients with R-AN and A-AN than in HC (p < 0.01).

Conclusions
Alteration of decision-making ability did not show endophenotypic features. Impaired decision-making seems a state-associated characteristic of AN, resulting from the interplay between trait-associated low feedback sensitivity and state-associated features of the disease.