bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phytoliths in particulate matter released by wind erosion on arable land in La Pampa, Argentina
Authors: Funk Roger , Busse Jaqueline , Siegmund Nicole , Sommer Michael , Iturri Laura A. , Panebianco Juan E. , Avecilla Fernando , Buschiazzo Daniel E. 
Published: October 2022

Silicon (Si) is considered a beneficial element in plant nutrition, but its importance on ecosystems goes far beyond that. Various forms of silicon are found in soils, of which the phytogenic pool plays a decisive role due to its good availability. This Si returns to the soil through the decomposition of plant residues, where they then participate in the further cycle as biogenic amorphous silica (bASi) or so-called phytoliths. These have a high affinity for water, so that the water holding capacity and water availability of soils can be increased even by small amounts of ASi. Agricultural land is a considerable global dust source, and dust samples from arable land have shown in cloud formation experiments a several times higher ice nucleation activity than pure mineral dust. Here, particle sizes in the particulate matter fractions (PM) are important, which can travel long distances and reach high altitudes in the atmosphere. Based on this, the research question was whether phytoliths could be detected in PM samples from wind erosion events, what are the main particle sizes of phytoliths and whether an initial quantification was possible.Measurements of PM concentrations were carried out at a wind erosion measuring field in the province La Pampa, Argentina. PM were sampled during five erosion events with Environmental Dust Monitors (EDM). After counting and classifying all particles with diameters between 0.3 and 32 µm in the EDMs, they are collected on filters. The filters were analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscopy and Energy Dispersive X-Ray analysis (SEM-EDX) to investigate single or ensembles of particles regarding composition and possible origins.The analyses showed up to 8.3 per cent being phytoliths in the emitted dust and up to 25 per cent of organic origin. Particles of organic origin are mostly in the coarse dust fraction, whereas phytoliths are predominately transported in the finer dust fractions. Since phytoliths are both an important source of Si as a plant nutrient and are also involved in soil C fixation, their losses from arable land via dust emissions should be considered and its specific influence on atmospheric processes should be studied in detail in the future.
Association of interferon-based therapy with risk of autoimmune diseases in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection: A population-based Taiwanese cohort study
Authors: Chou Shu-Ming , Yeh Hsing-Jung , Lin Tzu-Min , Chang Yu-Sheng , Hsu Hui-Ching , Shen Yu-Chuan , Kuo Tzu-Tung , Chen Jin-Hua , Chen Shu-Chuan , Chang Chi-Ching 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundInterferon in combination with ribavirin has been the standard of care for chronic hepatitis C virus infection (HCV) for the past few decades. However, its effect on the risk of autoimmune diseases (ADs) among patients with HCV infection remains unclear. We assessed the potential association between interferon-based therapy (IBT) and AD risk in patients with HCV infection.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study identified patients diagnosed with HCV infection between January 1, 2006, and December 31, 2015, from Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database. In total, 16,029 patients with HCV infection who received IBT and 141,214 patients with HCV infection who did not receive IBT were included. Both cohorts were followed up to assess the development of ADs. Hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated using the Cox proportional hazards regression model, which was adjusted for potential confounders.ResultsThe median follow-up period for IBT and non-IBT users was 4.53 and 3.34 years, respectively. No significant difference in the risk of overall ADs (adjusted HR [aHR]: 0.96, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.81–1.14) or systemic ADs (aHR: 0.88, 95% CI: 0.71–1.10) was noted during the study period. However, a slight increase in the risk of organ-specific ADs was noted among IBT users (incidence rate ratio: 1.33, 95% CI: 1.02–1.72). Furthermore, analysis of AD subgroups revealed a significant increase in the risks of Graves’ disease (aHR: 6.06, 95% CI: 1.27–28.8) and Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (aHR 1.49, 95% CI 1.01–2.21) among IBT users.ConclusionsIBT use increases the risk of autoimmune thyroid diseases (Hashimoto’s thyroiditis and Graves’ disease) in patients with HCV infection to a greater extent than non-IBT use.
Nanotexturing TiO2 over carbon nanotubes for high-energy and high-power density pseudocapacitors in organic electrolytes
Authors: Poirot N. , Rajalingam V. , Murgu R. N. , Omnée R. , Raymundo-Piñero E. 
Published: October 2022

Titanium oxides have been considered potential electrode materials for pseudocapacitors because of their exceptional properties, such as high thermal and chemical stabilities, ready availability and low cost. However, they are not ideal for practical applications due to their poor ionic and electrical conductivity. The electrochemical performance of TiO2 can be greatly improved if the material is nanotextured by reducing the particle size in optimizing the synthesis pathway. Actually, for metallic oxides, the electrochemical performance significantly depends on the particle size/morphology. At relatively low current densities the higher capacity values are exhibited by noncrystalline TiO2 having 2 nm particle size, with values reaching 704 C g−1. However, only thin electrodes are able to operate at a high charge density, limiting the energy density of the final device. Here, we propose a solution to circumvent such a drawback by further nanotexturing TiO2 over multiwalled carbon nanotubes (CNTs). For that purpose, CNTs were introduced during oxide preparation. The synthesis protocol has been optimized for obtaining a uniform coverage of small TiO2 particles on the surface of the CNTs. At low current densities, high mass loading TiO2/CNT composites electrodes are able to deliver capacitances as high as 480 F g−1 and the presence of CNTs allows keeping 70% of the capacitance at high current densities while only 27% is retained when using a regular conductivity agent as carbon black. The results demonstrate that uniform nanotexturation of TiO2 over CNTs allows good rate capabilities to be obtained for thick electrodes having sufficient active material loading to achieve high specific energy and power densities.
Chuanzhitongluo capsule ameliorates microcirculatory dysfunction in rats: Efficacy evaluation and metabolic profiles
Authors: Sun Yuanfang , Cheng Guoliang , Du Lijing , Gan Yu , Li Bing , Yan Shikai , Shao Mingguo , Jin Huizi , Li Shasha 
Published: October 2022

Background: Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of mortality and disability worldwide. Microcirculatory dysfunction is the foremost hindrance for a good clinical prognosis in ischemic stroke patients. Clinical researches show that Chuanzhitongluo capsule (CZTL) has a curative effect during the recovery period of ischemic stroke, which contributes to a good prognosis. However, it is not known whether CZTL treats ischemic stroke by ameliorating microcirculation dysfunction.Objective: In this study, we investigated the influence of CZTL on microcirculation and its underlying mechanism.Methods: A rat model of acute microcirculatory dysfunction was established by stimuli of adrenaline and ice water. The microcirculatory damage in model rats and the efficacy of CZTL were assessed by detecting laser speckle contrast imaging, coagulation function, hemorheology, vasomotor factor and microcirculation function. The potential mechanism of CZTL action was explored by the untargeted metabolomic analysis based on ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time of flight-mass spectrometry.Results: Laser speckle contrast imaging showed that model rats suffered low perfusion in ears, feet and tails, and CZTL treatment increased microcirculatory blood flow. Coagulation function detection results showed that CZTL diminished the reduction of thrombin time, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time and the elevated fibrinogen level caused by acute microcirculatory dysfunction. Furthermore, CZTL could recover the increased blood viscosity as well as the abnormal vasomotor and microcirculation function in rats with acute microcirculatory dysfunction. Metabolomics analysis indicated that CZTL might regulate sphingolipid metabolism and arachidonic acid metabolism to exert protective effects on microcirculation.Conclusion: These results elucidated that CZTL was highly effective against microcirculatory dysfunction and its potential mechanisms related with the modulation of sphingolipid and arachidonic acid metabolic pathways. The present study provided a new perspective on the clinical application of CZTL, and it contribute to explore novel therapeutic drug against microcirculatory dysfunction.
Effectiveness of perampanel in the treatment of pediatric patients with focal epilepsy and ESES: A single-center retrospective study
Authors: Yu Tao , Teng Zi-Teng , Liu Xue-Yan , Wang Hua 
Published: October 2022

Objective: To investigate the therapeutic effect and influencing factors of perampanel (PER) on electrical status epilepticus during sleep (ESES).Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of pediatric patients with focal epilepsy and ESES who were treated at the Epilepsy Center of Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University between January 2016 and March 2022. Changes in the spike wave index (SWI) after 24 weeks of PER add-on treatment were compared. Kaplan‒Meier survival analysis, the log-rank test and multivariate Cox regression analysis were performed.Results: A total of 54 pediatric patients met the inclusion criteria, including 33 males and 21 females. The mean age at the diagnosis of epilepsy was 6.41 ± 2.14 years and at ESES diagnosis was 7.58 ± 2.40 years. The mean ESES duration before add-on PER was 25.31 ± 15.12 months. The mean age of the patients at add-on PER initiation was 9.69 ± 2.12 years. The ESES resolved in 29 children after 6 months of PER add-on treatment, and the response rate was 53.7%. Univariate analysis with the log-rank test showed that the therapeutic effect of PER differed according to the age at ESES diagnosis and ESES duration before add-on PER treatment. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that only ESES duration before PER administration was a risk factor for PER treatment failure, and the other factors had no effect on the therapeutic effect.Conclusion: PER add-on treatment has a good therapeutic effect on ESES and can be used as an alternative to corticosteroid and benzodiazepines. The therapeutic effect of PER add-on treatment was not related to the dose. A longer ESES duration results in a worse therapeutic effect. Therefore, more aggressive treatment measures should be implemented for ESES.
Examining distribution patterns of foraging and non-foraging sperm whales in Hawaiian waters using visual and passive acoustic data
Authors: Barkley Yvonne M. , Sakai Taiki , Oleson Erin M. , Franklin Erik C. 
Published: October 2022

Following the end of over a century of intensive commercial whaling in 1986, the monitoring and assessment of sperm whale populations is essential for guiding management and conservation decisions for their recovery. Species distribution models (SDMs) are a useful tool for examining and predicting cetacean distribution patterns and typically incorporate visual, ship-based observations. However, understanding sperm whale distribution and habitat use based solely on surface visual observations is challenging due to the significant amount of time sperm whales spend foraging at depth. For the endangered sperm whale population occurring in Hawaiian waters, we used visual and passive acoustic data collected during four annual NOAA marine mammal line-transect surveys and a suite of biologically relevant environmental variables to develop SDMs within a generalized additive modeling framework to study the distribution of sperm whale groups throughout the island chain. Additionally, the passive acoustic data allowed us to differentiate sperm whale groups as foraging or non-foraging based on their click types to account for differences in distribution and behavior within the archipelago. Foraging groups were predicted primarily in the northwestern region of the archipelago between Laysan Island and Pearl and Hermes Reef as well as north of Maui and Hawaiʻi in the main Hawaiian Islands. Non-foraging groups were predicted to be more uniformly distributed throughout the archipelago. Foraging whale models selected temperature at 584 m depth, surface chlorophyll, and location, while the only significant variables for non-foraging whale models included the standard deviation of sea surface height and location. Each variable provides insight into the oceanographic processes influencing prey abundance and, thus, sperm whale foraging behavior. This study furthers our understanding of the distribution patterns for the sperm whale population in Hawaiʻi and contributes methods for building SDMs with visual and passive acoustic data that may be applied to other cetacean species.
PREPARETION OF FUTURE EDUCATORS FOR AND ETHICAL EDUCATION OF PRESCHOOLERS BY MEANS OF ART
Authors: LARINA I. , DAVYDOVA M. , DOLIA Y. 
Published: October 2022

In the times of decline of many indicators of life quality, one of the key problems of our society is the issue of moral education of the younger generation. The state of society, where aggression, conflict, cruelty, war, crime are becoming commonplace, significantly reduces the chances of children for moral and ethical development. Ideals are disappearing, there is no clear idea of what ideals should be. Overcoming this crisis in the life of society and in the lives of individuals is possible only if the revival of the truly spiritual foundations of our society, its morality.
In the process of moral development during preschool childhood, under the influence of adults, the orientation of the individual is formed - the system of motives for behavior. An important role in solving the problem of moral and ethical education of preschoolers belongs to the educator, his professional competence.
One of the most important means of moral and ethical education is art, its varieties (musical, visual, theatrical). Art is an inexhaustible source of various emotions. It contributes to the emergence of children's emotional attitude to the events described in theatrical performances, to the images of music and fine arts, to their own manifestations in the performance of collective creative exercises.
The direct impact on the acquisition of moral values by preschoolers in the process of communicating with art depends entirely on the educator, on his professional competence. The content, methods of teaching, personality and knowledge of the educator, who passes his worldview, culture, moral experience to the next generation, are of decisive importance. All this is a system of influences that guides the personal development of children.
Preparation of future educators for the implementation of moral and ethical education of preschoolers is realized through the introduction into the educational process at the Faculty of Preschool Education of Kharkiv National Pedagogical University named after GS Skovoroda various types of children's creative activities (games, technical and artistic modeling, music); saturation of educational space with practice-oriented situations close to real life.
The use of technology of integration of arts plays an important role in teaching disciplines of aesthetic orientation. This technology provides students with mastery of the means of creative activity and helps to create a situation of success, which due to the real «living» of students in various arts provides a qualitatively new level of organization of interaction between teachers and students.
Preparation of future educators for moral and ethical education of preschoolers is a continuous managed process that should orient applicants to cultural values, formation of ideas about the culture of the Ukrainian people and ensure the implementation of the competence approach in future professional pedagogical activities.
PRINCIPLES, METHODS, FORMS AND TYPES OF THE ORGANIZATION OF STUDENT SELF-GOVERNMENT IN THE UNIVERSITIES OF UKRAINE IN THE 19TH – EARLY 20TH CENTURIES
Authors: MOKLIAK V. 
Published: October 2022

In the process of scientific research, it was found that the following bodies of student self-government were active during the studied period: Stage I (1804–1863) – student economic organizations, scientific societies, society of lovers of domestic literature, Bible society, literary circles, public intellectual circles, Slavophile circles, student theater, Kharkiv-Kyiv secret society, social court (court of honor), student libraries and reading rooms, private libraries, Lithuanian Corporation of Kyiv University, mutual aid funds, communes; Stage ІІ (1863–1884) – mutual aid societies, compatriots, student canteens, mutual aid funds, educational circles and public educational organizations, self-education circles, libraries, self-education circles; Stage ІІІ (1884–1900) – fellowships, library associations, cash registers and mutual aid societies, scientific circles, student canteens, Union Councils, Kharkiv Union Council of United Organizations and Fellowships, Ukrainian Student Community, Union Council of United Fellowships and Organizations, and the Executive Committee of the Imperial Novorossiysk University; Stage IV (1900–1917) – elders, student military wives, canteens, professional unions, cash registers and mutual aid societies, student shops, scholarship commissions, social courts, fellows, scientific circles, student senate, Council of Student Deputies of Kharkiv Imperial University.
The principles of student self-government (democracy, legality, openness, equality, accountability, responsibility, etc.) are highlighted; methods (communication, introspection, conversation, discussion, the example of an older person, self-control, etc.); forms (associations, communes, communities, mutual aid funds, circles, library associations, partnership courts, etc.); types (general meetings, congresses, gatherings, gatherings, classes, meetings, etc.).
Students (the “eternal students” certainly played a special role in it) by combining the traditions and customs of their educational institution, created rules of behavior in the student environment, which were strictly followed, appealed to these rules at student courts of honor. These rules were called “codes of honor”. They were never rigidly fixed and were mostly fixed conventionally. They included a list of the so-called “natural rights of a student”. They are: the right to be called a student and wear a student uniform (the main feature of corporate style); the right to inviolability and impunity; recognition of guilt and punishment for it belonged to the competence of the court of honor only (“presumption of innocence”); the right to board; the right to corporate assistance; the right to create student organizations.
PECULIARITIES OF TRAINING OF RUNNING AND BASICS OF TRACK AND FIELD ATHLETICS TECHNIQUE
Authors: MOROZ F. , GAVRYSHKO S. 
Published: October 2022

A healthy way of life is the effective and reliable means of maintenance and strengthening of health in the training of running. The lesson of physical culture plays the important role in the system of various organizational forms that is the basic form of physical education of a learner in the peculiarity of training of bases of technique on track-and-field. The mentioned tasks in the training of running are realized by purposeful maintenance, correct organization and selection of dosage of physical exercises taking into account the state of health, physical development, age-old and sexual features of students.
In physical education classes, while learning to run, students acquire a fairly complete knowledge of motor activities, acquire the necessary motor skills and abilities. Athletics can improve your ability to control your movements, make them fast and economical. And the main tasks of athletics classes are to further improve health, promote proper physical development and comprehensive training of students. When performing athletic exercises, almost all muscle groups of the body are strengthened, dexterity and endurance are developed. Volitional qualities are also brought up in the process of running, the ability to calculate one's strengths and overcome obstacles is developed.
PROFESSIONAL CULTURE AND COMPETENCE OF MAYBE OFFICERS: RELATIONSHIP AND PROVIDING WAREHOUSEHOLDERS
Authors: ONIPKO V. 
Published: October 2022

In the article, in line with the problem of rozbudovi i zmіtsnennya Zbroynyh Forces and right-wing military formations of Ukraine, the need for the development of professional culture of future officers in the military ZVO, which should be methodical, advanced and technologically advanced, has been updated.
Metoyu stattі in ruslі rozglyadu Especially realіzatsії provіdnih metodologіchnih zdobutkіv suchasnoї teorії that practice profesіynoї pіdgotovki th dosyagnen gumanіtarnih that psycho-pedagogіchnih Sciences at vіyskovіy sferі viznacheno aktualіzatsіyu power pіdvischennya rіvnya profesіynoї culture maybutnіh ofіtserіv zasobami formuvannya such її komponentnіv, yak methodically doslіdnitska th, tehnologіchna kompetentnіst .
The concept of "professional competence" has been tlumed as a suborder of the concept of "professional culture" and such that it is based on the professional instrumental competencies of a future officer, how to avenge: a methodical skladnik - understanding and ker_vnitstvo fahovim dokіllya, organization and optimization of the hour, as well as reducing the vibudovuvat strategy of learning, solving and solving problems; doslidnitsky skladnik - volodinnya directing to a thorough improvement of knowledge, intelligence, skills, readiness and motivation to wine work and improvement of її results; technologic warehousing – building of victorious equipment, zdіbnosti and computer skills of information management; communicative skladnik – linguistic vminnya and competence.
SELF-ASSESSMENT OF EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITY OF GENERAL SECONDARY EDUCATION INSTITUTION
Authors: REZNIK S. 
Published: October 2022

In order to ensure the provision of quality educational services in general secondary education, it is necessary to systematically identify positive and negative factors that affect the functioning of the institution, to conduct a comprehensive study - self-assessment of educational activities. It is the systematic monitoring of results and their adjustment that contribute to the effective strategic development of the educational institution and the construction of an internal system of quality of education.
The article analyzes the algorithm of self-assessment of educational activities, which secondary schools conducted once every 10 years before the certification of the educational institution, without involving all participants of educational process, subjectively assessing management processes and demonstrating only a formal attitude to its conduct.
At the present stage, general secondary education institutions are obliged to create and ensure the functioning of the internal system of quality assurance of education, which provides for annual self-assessment of educational activities, but there is no technology and tools for internal monitoring.
Given that each secondary school must develop its own algorithm for evaluating all educational processes, there is an indicative list of internal monitoring measures and tools, (the factor-criterion model) with the help of which you can objectively assess the educational activities of the educational institution.
The results of self-assessment are an effective tool to check the correctness of the set course of development of a general secondary education institution and to make adjustments to the development strategy of the institution in order to improve the quality of educational services.