bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pd–Ni bimetallic nanoparticles supported on TiO2 as an efficient catalyst for catalytic transfer hydrodeoxygenation of guaiacol
Authors: Faturachman Ilham , Kurniawan Hendris Hendarsyah , Yunarti Rika Tri , Widjaya Robert Ronal , Dwiatmoko Adid Adep , Maryati Yati , Rinaldi Nino 
Published: March 2022

Bio-oil is a sustainable energy source, produced from pyrolysis of lignocellulosic materials or algae. It is, however, difficult to directly use the bio-oil for fuels due to several drawbacks, such as its viscosities and high oxygen content. One of the ways to solve this is upgrading of the bio-oil through hydrodeoxygenation (HDO). In this study, guaiacol was used as a bio-oil model compound in HDO reaction via catalytic transfer hydrogenation. The reaction was conducted in the presence of TiO2-supported palladium catalysts, with isopropyl alcohol as a hydrogen source. Nickel and molybdenum were added into the Pd catalyst to investigate their effects on the catalyst activity. The prepared catalysts were characterized using XRD, N2 physisorption, hydrogen temperature-programmed reduction, and transmission electron microscopy. HDO reaction was carried out using a pressurized batch reactor at 250 °C for 1 h with 30 bar of helium. Liquid products were analyzed by GC–MS and GC–FID to identify and quantify the conversions and product yields. The result showed that the presence of nickel on the catalyst could improve the catalytic activity of Pd/TiO2. Guaiacol conversion over Pd–Ni/TiO2 was 32.2%, while the conversion of guaiacol over Pd/TiO2 was only 17.9%. In addition, Pd–Ni/TiO2 showed good selectivity to produce cyclohexanol, while Pd/TiO2 showed good selectivity to produce one oxygenated compound such as 2-methylphenol and phenol.
Nonlinear Klein–Gordon equation and the Bose–Einstein condensation
Authors: Megías E. , Teixeira M. J. , Timoteo V. S. , Deppman A. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe interest in the Klein–Gordon equation with different potentials has increased in recent years due to its possible applications in Cosmology, Hadron Physics and High-Energy Physics. In this work, we investigate the solutions of the Klein–Gordon equation for bosons under the influence of an external potential by using the Feshbach–Villars method. We present detailed results for two cases: the Coulombic potential and the harmonic potential. For the latter case, we studied the effects of self-interacting particles by adopting a mean-field approach. We show that our results converge smoothly to the solution of the Schrödinger equation for the same systems as the relativistic effects diminish.
Realismo Literário e Experiência Moderna no início do século XX: reflexões a partir da obra proustiana
Authors: Haiduke Paulo Rodrigo Andrade 
Published: March 2022

o presente artigo busca problematizar o romance A la recherche du temps perdu, obra do escritor francês Marcel Proust (1871-1922) publicada originalmente em Paris entre 1913 e 1927. A abordagem aqui proposta busca discutir alguns elementos do que podemos chamar de realismo desta obra, tentando fazer um diálogo com questões que foram importantes para a modernidade no início do século XX. Partindo da deflagração da crise de identidade e identificação como elemento importante neste contexto, o trabalho analisa como a obra proustiana buscou analisar e também construir ideais para sua respectiva superação. Neste sentido, o reencontro de si pela reminiscência parece ter sido importante, e inclusive sugere a forma pela qual o romance proustiano tentou conciliar as realidades externa e subjetiva, entre tempo físico e temporalidade vivida. Por fim, o artigo busca apontar como a noção de memória involuntária funciona como sinal de realismo, indicando através da leitura da obra de Marcel Proust e de alguns exemplos de sua recepção para a atenção grande neste conjuntura às dimensões temporaris das estruturas e processos que formariam uma realidade supostamente mais profunda.
Effects of Structure and Meaning on Cortical Tracking of Linguistic Units in Naturalistic Speech
Authors: Coopmans Cas W. , de Hoop Helen , Hagoort Peter , Martin Andrea E. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Recent research has established that cortical activity “tracks” the presentation rate of syntactic phrases in continuous speech, even though phrases are abstract units that do not have direct correlates in the acoustic signal. We investigated whether cortical tracking of phrase structures is modulated by the extent to which these structures compositionally determine meaning. To this end, we recorded electroencephalography (EEG) of 38 native speakers who listened to naturally spoken Dutch stimuli in different conditions, which parametrically modulated the degree to which syntactic structure and lexical semantics determine sentence meaning. Tracking was quantified through mutual information between the EEG data and either the speech envelopes or abstract annotations of syntax, all of which were filtered in the frequency band corresponding to the presentation rate of phrases (1.1–2.1 Hz). Overall, these mutual information analyses showed stronger tracking of phrases in regular sentences than in stimuli whose lexical-syntactic content is reduced, but no consistent differences in tracking between sentences and stimuli that contain a combination of syntactic structure and lexical content. While there were no effects of compositional meaning on the degree of phrase-structure tracking, analyses of event-related potentials elicited by sentence-final words did reveal meaning-induced differences between conditions. Our findings suggest that cortical tracking of structure in sentences indexes the internal generation of this structure, a process that is modulated by the properties of its input, but not by the compositional interpretation of its output.
Use, War, and Commercial Society. Changing Paradigms of Human Relations with Animals in the Early Modern Law of Nature and of Nations
Authors: Brett Annabel 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The ideas of a human war on nature, and a human war on animals more specifically, are now current in international politics and international law. This article unearths a historical understanding of war on animals as one paradigm of human relations with animals in the early modern law of nature and of nations (16th to 18th centuries). It shows how dominium (property or mastery) over animals was placed at the origin of all human dominium, and was in consequence conceptually central to its legitimation. It also shows, however, that dominium over animals was not straightforward to justify, because, although they were not human beings, they were seen as sufficiently like human beings in sentience to resist being legally treated like plants or inanimate objects. This article tracks three successive paradigms, all of all of which involve conceptual tensions that are illuminating for current thinking concerning violence against animals.
An EU Fundamental Right to Social Assistance in the Host Member State? The CJEU’s Ambivalent Approach to the Free Movement of Economically Inactive Union Citizens Post Dano
Authors: Wollenschläger Ferdinand 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The right of residence of economically inactive Union citizens, as well as their claim to access to social benefits in other EU Member States, constitutes a complex and politically sensitive issue which has been debated controversially in EU law for decades. After some initially dynamic case-law, the CJEU followed a more reserved approach in its Dano judgment that was handed down on 11 November 2014. Its interpretation has however remained controversial, notably in view of the specific facts, the selective discussion of EU secondary law, and the unclear relationship to established as well as to subsequent case-law. Thus, the first follow-up judgment has been awaited with interest. It is the judgment in the CG case handed down on 15 July 2021 and discussed here; it however proves ambivalent. On the one hand, the CJEU has continued its restrictive reading of Free Movement Directive 2004/38/EC, whilst on the other hand the CJEU has activated for the first time, moreover contrary to Dano and with potentially far-reaching consequences, EU fundamental rights as a basis for a claim to social assistance in the host Member State.
Parallel Lines in the Sand
Authors: Zimmerman Shannon 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
UN peace operations are often accompanied by parallel forces from individual states, regional organizations, or “coalitions of the willing.” These forces remain distinct from the UN to address security concerns outside the remit of traditional peacekeeping. The deployment of UN stabilization operations, however, has resulted in an overlap between UN and parallel forces. This article investigates the complex relationships between UN stabilization operations and parallel forces using as examples the French and UN deployments in Mali and the Central African Republic. It concludes that when UN and parallel forces have distinct mandates, they often create military synergies but political tensions. In particular, when peacekeepers are reliant on parallel forces for military support, the UN can struggle to achieve its longer-term political tasks. When parallel forces are explicitly mandated to support UN efforts, the UN is better able to leverage its relationship with parallel forces to achieve its military and political objectives.
Regionalizing Development Cooperation?
Authors: Bae Ki-Hyun 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This article investigates Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)-level development cooperation, a relatively overlooked dimension in assessing regionalism in Southeast Asia, by examining the Initiative for ASEAN Integration (IAI). The IAI provides a unique case of experimenting with multilateral South-South development cooperation based on regional solidarity; however, despite the declared aspirations and commitments to the program, this article finds that the IAI’s actual development has been quite contrary to the declared goals. First, unlike what was expected, IAI has not been able to provide institutional benefits to help pool ASEAN-6’s resources regionally and coordinate their development programs. Second, the principle of solidarity made the IAI valuable, but it did not stand out in its actions. Third, although its primary goal was to narrow the gap among members, IAI ironically created unwanted diplomatic divide and discontent. The observations confirm a perspective that constructing ASEAN as a regional community is both driven and constrained by member states’ nationalistic priorities.
Rethinking Institutional Independence
Authors: Strobl Stephanie 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This article examines institutional independence using the examples of the World Health Organization (WHO) and of the Public Health Emergencies of International Concern (PHEIC s) in a theoretical and a practical approach. It highlights the two different sources of authority of the WHO Secretariat, based on conditional negotiated legitimacy and epistemologically derived legitimacy, and how this authority is threatened by an increase in state party influence beyond what is envisaged in the WHO’s institutional setup. As a practical example, the article uses the PHEIC determinations, when the criteria as set out in the International Health Regulations (IHR) are not sufficient to explain the director-general’s decision to determine a PHEIC. Instead, this article offers evidence of state party influence. This challenge to the WHO’s legitimacy leads to a lack of institutional independence and, subsequently, to a declining basis for cooperation.
Menander, Theophorumenē: A Song to Kybele on the Comic Stage
Authors: Pöhlmann Egert 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
While Old Comedy abounds in musical parts, New Comedy restricts music to four act-dividing songs, about which in the papyri nothing but remarks like χοροῦ are transmitted. Monodies sung by actors are extremely rare. In Menander there are only two examples, a monody of a priestess in the Leukadia and a song to Kybele in the Theophoroumenē, transmitted in nine book fragments, three fragments on papyri and five mosaics depicting scenes connected with the song of the possessed girl. By integrating the book fragments and the recently enriched pictorial evidence it is possible to attempt a hypothetical reconstruction of the comedy: Menander wanted to tell the well-worn story of a foundling girl, her love affairs, rescue and marriage in a new, unexpected way by inventing the role of a girl presumably possessed by Kybele. This way he could bring a thrilling musical scene and fascinating Kybele ritual onto the stage.
Rievocare la musica greca antica
Authors: Casali Giovanna 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
When Ettore Romagnoli was invited in 1914 to stage classical dramas for the ancient Greek theatre of Syracuse, he attempted to re-create their ancient original characteristics, i.e. a combination of poetry, music, and dance. One of Romagnoli’s aims was to create music for contemporary plays, which recalled ancient Greek music, and he succeeded thanks to the collaboration with the composer Giuseppe Mulè. Indeed, for all the tragedies, Mulè and Romagnoli aimed at re-enacting ancient Greek music. This paper will highlight how both authors pursued their ambitious goal following different criteria: the re-elaboration of particular elements of Sicilian folk music; the re-creation of pieces inspired by both the description of Greek music in ancient sources and the musical fragments; the use of instruments which can reproduce specific sound effects.
A Few Notes on the Kοινὴ Ὁρμασία and Some Musical Examples of the Old Organum
Authors: Najock Dietmar 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The article discusses – on the basis of manuscript readings and the wider context – two musical examples from the Old organum (Musica enchiriadis 14 and Micrologus 19), both with respect to an occursus at the end of the melody. These examples were previously used by the author for the illustration of similar features in the κοινὴ ὁρμασία, but without the critical discussion given here. The discussion shows that the Micrologus example most probably must be renounced as an illustration for the sequence b♭-b and that the Musica enchiriadis example can serve as an illustration for parallel fourths, but that it remains ambiguous with respect to the occursus. In addition, a few further musical examples from the Musica enchiriadis and from an associated treatise (De organo, with the Alleluia/Benedicta) are discussed which may help us to understand the role of the tritone in Gaudentius and in some of the restored hormasia tables.
Century-Scale Variability of Arctic SSH and Freshwater Content in a Past-1000-Year Model Experiment
Authors: Carson Mark , Köhl Armin , Stammer Detlef 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We examine a 1000-yr-long forced historical run of the Max Planck Institute Earth System Model (henceforth, past1000) with respect to freshwater-induced sea surface height (SSH) variability in the Arctic Ocean, with a focus on time scales up to and longer than centuries. As a test of the degree to which sea surface height and freshwater content covariability is due to internal climate variability in the model, and how much is due to external forcing, the past1000 results are compared to a control run using the same model, (henceforth, Ctl-P). We find that the freshwater transport associated with circulation changes, the freshwater input at the surface from the atmosphere and runoff, and ice export out of the Arctic jointly contribute to the centennial-scale freshwater variability in the Arctic. Low-frequency winds generate freshwater variability mostly through ocean circulation changes, but appear to be less important compared with earlier studies. The ice transport varies most clearly with Arctic air temperatures, and it appears that ice thickness variability is at least as important as the wind and ocean current transport variability. The largest difference in freshwater forcing in the forced run, compared to Ctl-P, is enhanced precipitation variability driven by the volcanic forcing only present in the forced, past1000 run.
Impact of Urbanization and Expansion of Forest Investment to Mitigate CO2 Emissions in China
Authors: Mighri Zouheir , Sarwar Suleman , Sarkodie Samuel Asumadu 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Forests are considered the key factor in controlling climate change and extreme climatic events due to their natural role in carbon abatement. However, twenty-first-century economic development is characterized by intensive resource exploitation, energy intensity, population, and urbanization, and hence it is affecting the natural forest habitat. The persistent deforestation and land degradation with limited sustainable forest management and its related services have long-term effects on environmental sustainability. Here, we investigate the impact of forest and its related services on the past decade of China’s carbon emissions while accounting for economic development, urbanization, and fossil fuels. We use several spatial techniques to ascertain the carbon abatement effect of the forestry-driven economy in halting the ecological degradation process. We report that carbon emissions decline across 30 provinces in China through the expansion of forest investment and forest management activities—instead of increasing the forest land without continuous proper management. Besides, the spatial analysis confirms that forest investments and proper management contribute to reducing carbon levels in neighboring provinces. From a policy point of view, it is more than an urgent need for the Chinese government to conduct forest management reforms, and such policies might be helpful to generate new sources of employment and pollution reduction in China.
Transcriptomic profiling of the telomerase transformed Mesenchymal stromal cells derived adipocytes in response to rosiglitazone
Authors: Al-Ali Moza Mohamed , Khan Amir Ali , Fayyad Abeer Maher , Abdallah Sallam Hasan , Khattak Muhammad Nasir Khan 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Differentiation of Immortalized Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stromal Cells - hTERT (iMSC3) into adipocytes is in vitro model of obesity. In our earlier study, rosiglitazone enhanced adipogenesis particularly the brown adipogenesis of iMSC3. In this study, the transcriptomic profiles of iMSC3 derived adipocytes with and without rosiglitazone were analyzed through mRNA sequencing.

Results
A total of 1508 genes were differentially expressed between iMSC3 and the derived adipocytes without rosiglitazone treatment. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses revealed that rosiglitazone regulates PPAR and PI3K-Akt pathways. The constant rosiglitazone treatment enhanced the expression of Fatty Acid Binding Protein 4 (FABP4) which enriched GO terms such as fatty acid binding, lipid droplet, as well as white and brown fat cell differentiation. Moreover, the constant treatment upregulated several lipid droplets (LDs) associated proteins such as PLIN1. Rosiglitazone also activated the receptor complex PTK2B that has essential roles in beige adipocytes thermogenic program. Several uniquely expressed novel regulators of brown adipogenesis were also expressed in adipocytes derived with rosiglitazone: PRDM16, ZBTB16, HOXA4, and KLF15 in addition to other uniquely expressed genes.

Conclusions
Rosiglitazone regulated several differentially regulated genes and non-coding RNAs that warrant further investigation about their roles in adipogenesis particularly brown adipogenesis.
Use of energy device in general surgical operations: impact on peri-operative outcomes
Authors: Olasehinde Olalekan , Owojuyigbe Afolabi , Adeyemo Adekunle , Mosanya Arinzechukwu , Aaron Olurotimi , Wuraola Funmilola , Owoniya Temitope , Owojuyigbe Temilola , Alatise Olusegun , Adisa Adewale 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
The introduction of energy devices has significantly expanded the scope of surgical expedition. The LigaSure™ vessel sealing system is a bipolar electrosurgical device, recently introduced to our practice. Its impact on peri-operative outcomes in a variety of major operations was evaluated in this study.

Methods
A retrospective review of operations performed following the adoption of the LigaSure™ vessel sealing device was carried out. Five categories of operations were evaluated (Thyroidectomies, Gastrectomies, Colectomies, Pancreaticoduodenectomies, and Anterior/Abdomino-perineal resection [A/APR of the rectum). Peri-operative outcomes (duration of operation, intra-operative blood loss, blood transfusion rates) were compared with a cohort of similar operations performed using conventional techniques. Data analysis and comparisons were done on a subgroup basis.

Results
A total of 117 operations were performed using the LigaSure™ device with thyroidectomies being the most common (66/117-56.4%). Compared to cases done using conventional techniques of suture and knot with electrocautery (120 cases), the use of LigaSure™ was associated with a significant reduction in operation time in all categories of operations. Intraoperative blood loss was also lower in all categories of cases, but this was only statistically significant following A/APR and Thyroidectomies. Generally, there was a trend towards a reduction in blood transfusion rates.

Conclusions
The use of energy devices for surgical operations is feasible in a resource-limited setting. It has the potential of improving outcomes.
Result of one-year, prospective follow-up of intensive care unit survivors after SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia
Authors: Eberst Guillaume , Claudé Fréderic , Laurent Lucie , Meurisse Aurelia , Roux-Claudé Pauline , Barnig Cindy , Vernerey Dewi , Paget-Bailly Sophie , Bouiller Kevin , Chirouze Catherine , Behr Julien , Grillet Franck , Ritter Ophélie , Karaer Sinan , Pili-Floury Sébastien , Winiszewski Hadrien , Samain Emmanuel , Decavel Pierre , Capellier Gilles , Westeel Virginie 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Introduction
Survivors of viral ARDS are at risk of long-term physical, functional and neuropsychological complications resulting from the lung injury itself, but also from potential multiorgan dysfunction, and the long stay in the intensive care unit (ICU). Recovery profiles after severe SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in intensive care unit survivors have yet to be clearly defined.

Material and methods
The goal of this single-center, prospective, observational study was to systematically evaluate pulmonary and extrapulmonary function at 12 months after a stay in the ICU, in a prospectively identified cohort of patients who survived SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia. Eligible patients were assessed at 3, 6 and 12 months after onset of SARS-CoV-2. Patients underwent physical examination, pulmonary function testing, chest computed tomography (CT) scan, a standardized six-minute walk test with continuous oximetry, overnight home respiratory polygraphy and have completed quality of life questionnaire. The primary endpoint was alteration of the alveolar–capillary barrier compared to reference values as measured by DLCO, at 12 months after onset of SARS-CoV-2 symptoms.

Results
In total, 85 patients (median age 68.4 years, (interquartile range [IQR] = 60.1–72.9 years), 78.8% male) participated in the trial. The median length of hospital stay was 44 days (IQR: 20–60) including 17 days in ICU (IQR: 11–26). Pulmonary function tests were completed at 3 months (n = 85), 6 months (n = 80), and 12 months (n = 73) after onset of symptoms. Most patients showed an improvement in DLCO at each timepoint (3, 6, and 12 months). All patients who normalized their DLCO did not subsequently deteriorate, except one. Chest CT scans were abnormal in 77 patients (96.3%) at 3 months and although the proportion was the same at 12 months, but patterns have changed.

Conclusion
We report the results of a comprehensive evaluation of 85 patients admitted to the ICU for SARS-CoV-2, at one-year follow-up after symptom onset. We show that most patients had an improvement in DLCO at each timepoint.
Trial registration: Clinical trial registration number: NCT04519320.