bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of chemistry in accelerator-based production and separation of radionuclides as basis for radiolabelled compounds for medical applications
Authors: Qaim Syed M. , Spahn Ingo , Scholten Bernhard , Spellerberg Stefan , Neumaier Bernd 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Radiochemical separations used in large scale routine production of diagnostic and therapeutic radionuclides at a particle accelerator for patient care are briefly outlined. The role of chemistry at various stages of development of a production route of a novel radionuclide, namely nuclear data measurement, high-current targetry, chemical processing and quality control of the product, is discussed in detail. Special attention is paid to production of non-standard positron emitters (e.g. 44gSc, 64Cu, 68Ga, etc.) at a cyclotron and novel therapeutic radionuclides (e.g. 67Cu, 225Ac, etc.) at an accelerator. Some typical examples of radiochemical methods involved are presented.
Glucocorticoid-induced adrenal insufficiency: an uncommon cause of hypercalcaemia
Authors: De Silva S D N , Aravinthan M , Katulanda P 
Published: May 2022

Summary
Long-term use of exogenous glucocorticoids leads to the suppression of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis. Therefore, if the glucocorticoid is withdrawn abruptly, patients will develop adrenal insufficiency. Hypercalcaemia is a rare but well-known complication of adrenal insufficiency. However, hypercalcaemia is a rare presentation of glucocorticoid-induced adrenal insufficiency (GI-AI). A 62-year-old patient with a past history of diabetes mellitus, ischaemic heart disease, stroke, hypertension and dyslipidaemia presented with polyuria, loss of appetite, malaise and vomiting for a duration of 2 months. His ionized calcium level was high at 1.47 mmol/L. Intact parathyroid hormone was suppressed (4.3 pg/mL) and vitamin D was in the insufficient range (24.6 ng/mL). Extensive evaluation for solid organ or haematological malignancy including contrast-enhanced CT chest, abdomen, pelvis, multiple myeloma workup and multiple tumour markers were negative. His synacthan-stimulated cortisol was undetectable thus confirming adrenal insufficiency. His adrenocorticotrophic hormone level was 3.82 pg/mL (4.7–48.8) excluding primary adrenal insufficiency. His MRI brain and other pituitary hormones were normal. Further inquiry revealed that the patient had taken over-the-counter dexamethasone on a regular basis for allergic rhinitis for more than 2 years and had stopped 2 weeks prior to the onset of symptoms. Therefore, a diagnosis of GI-AI leading to hypercalcemia was made. The patient was resuscitated with intravenous fluids and replacement doses of oral hydrocortisone were started with a plan of prolonged tailing off to allow the endogenous adrenal function to recover. His calcium normalized and he made a complete recovery.

Learning points

Long-term use of glucocorticoids leads to the suppression of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis.

If the glucocorticoid is withdrawn abruptly, patients will develop adrenal insufficiency which is known as glucocorticoid-induced adrenal insufficiency.

Adrenal insufficiency should be considered in the differential diagnosis of parathyroid hormone-independent hypercalcaemia.

A thorough clinical history is of paramount importance in arriving at the correct diagnosis.
Internship learning as transactional sociomaterial experiences in media industry: What do undergraduate interns tell us?
Authors: Chue Shien , Säljö Roger 
Published: May 2022

AbstractProfessional learning is complex and is the result of a mix of experiences made in academic and workplace settings. An interesting step in the learning trajectories of professionals is represented by internship. Interns have to engage in boundary crossing when connecting academic learning with professional practices. An interesting issue to explore concerns the experiences of undergraduate interns when they encounter challenges in workplaces. Drawing upon Dewey’s notion of experience to examine internship learning, this article focuses on the role of sociomateriality when neophytes—interns—enter the workplace. Analysing semi-structured interviews with undergraduates (N = 38) performing their internship at the public relations and communication industry where internship is not an established practice, we present three findings. First, materiality of work activity plays a central role in organizing learning for interns at the workplace. Second, interns report networking at the workplace for convergence of work objectives which in turn provides opportunities and constraints for learning about the logic of workplace activities. Finally, interns report balancing between different identities during internship practice in order to direct their participatory efforts within the complex workplace organization. The value of internship learning calls for agency from the learners while considering the implications for the workplace organisations where learning experiences are located. Finally, we bring attention to the role of the workplace supervisors and faculty members in the development of professional learning in such complex professional learning settings.
Technology for forming students' ability to manage independent educational activities
Authors: Аbdigapbarova Ulzharkyn , Yeshenkulova Dinara , Kassimbekova Barshagul , Muratbaeva Gulnar , Каstayev Serik 
Published: May 2022

The modernization of the education system, taking place in Kazakhstan today, is connected with the renewal of its goals. The State program for the development of education of the Republic of Kazakhstan 2020-2025, as one of the conditions for improving the quality of secondary (full) general education, identifies the experience of independent activity of pupils, the formation of the pupil’s competences in various aspects of life and in an independent educational activity. The research aimed to develop the model of technology for forming students’ readiness to manage their independent educational activity of students and to ensure its implementation by the author’s methodology. The starting point of the research was the analysis of the effectiveness of the existing teacher training in the management of the independent educational activities of students at the pedagogical university.The analysis was carried out on the base of the Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University and International University “Silkway”. It was revealed that the training of future teachers in the management of the independent educational activities of pupils at the pedagogical university did not meet the new social requirements of the developing system of general education.

Keywords: Educational activities; Future teacher; model, technology.
Parents’ satisfaction with online education for learners with special needs at the elementary level
Authors: Manguilimotan Ramil P. , Cabalda Jacob A. , Arnado Anna Mie M. , Padillo Gengen G. , Espina Raymond C. , Capuno Reylan G. 
Published: May 2022

This study assessed parents' satisfaction with online education for learners with special needs at the elementary level during the school year 2020–2021. It employed the mixed method of research in gathering data for the profile and status of online education for learners with special needs and in investigating the issues encountered by the parents in the implementation of online education. Simple percentage, weighted mean, standard deviation and chi-square test of independence were used to analyse the data. The results showed that parents have no problem attending online classes with their learners and utilising different technological applications for online education. It also showed no significant relationship between parents’ profile and the level of satisfaction towards online education. The common issue encountered by parents in the implementation of online education during the COVID-19 pandemic was Internet connectivity. Thus, it is recommended that enhanced interactive learning materials for learners with special needs be adopted.
Lecturer’s digital literacy ability in the pandemic
Authors: Fauzan Fauzan , Arifin Fatkhul , Lubis Maulana Arafat , Firdaus Fery Muhamad 
Published: May 2022

This study aimed to determine the adaptation of lecturers and students to using technology as a learning medium. The research method used is descriptive qualitative research. The instrument used is a questionnaire. The population in this study were all Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Teacher Education (PGMI) students in Indonesia, and the sample was more than 40 Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Teacher Education (PGMI) Study Programs at public university (PTN) and private university (PTS) in Indonesia involving 1294 students. The study results found that the effectiveness of the application of distance learning methods in the pandemic era was usually responded to by most students; some even responded less and very poorly. Mastery of lecturers in distance learning media is good; some dominant lecturers use google classroom, zoom, and WhatsApp.

Keywords: digital literacy, media technology, online learning, pandemic, lecturers PGMI
Interactive multimedia based on Indonesian cultural diversity in Civics learning in elementary schools
Authors: Sartono E. Kus Eddy , Ambarsari Ria , Herwin Herwin 
Published: May 2022

This study aims to develop interactive multimedia based on Indonesian cultural diversity as a learning media for Civics in grade IV elementary schools and to determine the feasibility of the product from the material and display aspects. Product development uses the Borg & Gall. Data collection instruments in the form of interviews and questionnaires. The results of the validation by media experts indicate that the feasibility of interactive multimedia is in the "very feasible" category and the validation of the material experts shows that the feasibility of multimedia is in the "very feasible" category. Meanwhile, the results of the teacher and student responses in the field trial showed the "very feasible" category. These results indicate that the interactive multimedia developed is suitable for use in learning activities and as an alternative learning media for Civics, especially for class IV on the material of Indonesian cultural diversity.

Keywords: Elementary school, Indonesian culture, diversity, interactive multimedia, civic.
Strategies for teaching moral values to children with intellectual disability
Authors: Ishartiwi Ishartiwi , Handoyo Rendy Roos , Mahabbati Aini , Purwanta Edi 
Published: May 2022

Moral values constitute abstract concepts, and for students with intellectual disabilities, learning moral values requires methods appropriate for their conditions and social norms. This study was carried out in order to describe the different types and strategies for teaching moral values to students with intellectual disabilities. Questionnaires were used and responses were cross-checked through focus group conversations with teachers who have exemplified best practices. The quantitative descriptive analysis was conducted by categorising the data according to the students' grade levels. The findings indicate that teachers teach moral values using a range of strategies, including the conventional stage emphasising interpersonal harmony orientation and authoritative and societal orientation, and learning contents relevant to local norms. Teachers typically employ this strategy through real-world activities, practice and repetition. In conclusion, the types and strategies for teaching moral values to students with intellectual disabilities are typified by concrete knowledge and adjustments are made according to the students’ environment.

Keywords: Moral values, teaching strategies, intellectual disabilities
Mitochondrial Exhaustion of Memory CD4 T-Cells in Treated HIV-1 Infection
Authors: Younes Souheil-Antoine 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
People living with HIV (PLWH) who are immune non-responders (INR) to therapy are unable to restore their CD4 T-cell count and remain at great risk of morbidity and mortality. Here the mitochondrial defects that characterize memory CD4 T-cells in INR and causes of this mitochondrial exhaustion are reviewed. This review also describes the various reagents used to induce the expression of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC1α), the master regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis, which can restore mitochondria fitness and CD4 T-cell proliferation in INR. Due to sustained heightened inflammation in INR, the mitochondrial network is unable to be rejuvenated and requires attenuation of mediators of inflammation to rescue mitochondria and CD4 T-cell counts in INR.
Anisotropic Mechanical Behavior of Stratified Sandstone Subjected to Cyclic Loading
Authors: Xue Fei , Zhao Tongyang , Feng Xiaowei , Wang Tianzuo , Lin Zhongqin 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
To explore the influence of bedding structure on mechanical properties and failure mechanism of anisotropic rocks, six stratified sandstone specimens with different bedding orientations were tested by uniaxial static and cyclic loading. Acoustic emission (AE) and digital image correlation (DIC) were exploited to analyze the mechanism of crack initiation and propagation. The results show that with the increase of the bedding orientation, the peak strength of the stratified sandstone decreases first and then increases, behaving an obvious anisotropic characteristic. The AE characteristic-stress-strain curve can be divided into four stages: crack closure stage, linear elastic deformation stage, stable crack growth stage, and unstable crack growth stage. Moreover, as the bedding orientation increases from 30° to 90°, the crack closure stage gradually lengthens, while the linear elastic deformation stage first shortens and then lengthens. Under uniaxial static compression, due to the presence of bedding surface, the rock surface has a relative slip trend as a result of the uneven distribution of strain on the left and right parts, and the strain field boundary is almost consistent with the bedding orientation. Furthermore, cyclic loading can increase the rock stiffness, and the stain field boundary of 60° stratified sandstone sample in each cycle is slightly different in the cyclic loading.
Deterioration Mechanism and Constitutive Model of Coal Subjected to Drying-Wetting Cycles of Salty Mine Water
Authors: Wang Min , Xi Xun , Guo Qifeng 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The stability of coal pillar dams is influenced by cyclic fluctuations of salty water from underground reservoir. Subjected to long-term drying-wetting cycles in salty solution, the microstructure and surface topography of coal dams can be significantly changed which results in the deterioration of mechanical properties. To investigate the damage mechanism of coal subjected to cyclic drying-wetting in salty solution, the uniaxial compression test and microstructure test of prepared coal samples were conducted. The deterioration law of coal under the cyclic drying-wetting in salty solution with different concentrations was obtained. The results show that the unconfined compression strength and elastic modulus logarithmic decrease with cycle numbers in salty solutions with different concentrations. The higher the concentration of salty solution is, the deterioration of coal is more severe. After drying-wetting cycles in salty solution, the granular particles on the coal surface become powdered and the number of holes and cracks in coal increases. A damage constitutive model for coal subjected to drying-wetting cycles of mine water was developed based on experimental results. This model can well describe the deformation characteristics from the compaction stage to failure stage. The research results can provide guidance for the construction and safety operation of underground reservoir.
Activation of periodate using ultrasonic waves and UV radiation for landfill leachate treatment
Authors: Moradian Fatemeh , Ramavandi Bahman , Jaafarzadeh Neemat , Kouhgardi Esmaeil 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Waste leachate contains heavy metals, toxic compounds, and resistant substances such as humic acids, which make its biological decomposition difficult. In the present work, the saline leachate of the coastal city (Bushehr, Iran) was purified using the ultraviolet/ultrasonication wave/periodate process. The initial TDS and TOC values of the leachate studied were 7390 mg/L and 975 mg/L, respectively. The effect of various parameters on leachate purification was tested and the experiments were optimized at pH 3, oxidizer concentration of 4 mM, and treatment time of 120 min. The initial BOD/COD ratio of 0.66 was reached 0.42 at the end of the reaction. After leachate treatment under optimal conditions, the amount of BOD5, COD, and UV254 were 451.5 mg/L, 1072 mg/L, and 12.69 cm− 1, respectively. Concentrations of heavy metals in crude leachate by ICP-OES were checked. Also, using GC-Mass, the concentration of organic compounds before and after purification was determined. According to the COD factor, the energy consumption of the system designed for leachate treatment was 11.4 kWh/m3. The observed results indicate the effectiveness of the UV/US/IO4− process for leachate with high salinity.
Validation of a new screening questionnaire for Disordered Eating Behaviors in Males
Authors: de Leon-Vazquez Concepcion Diaz , Lazarevich Irina , Unikel-Santoncini Claudia , Alvarez-Diaz Jorge Alberto , Rivera-Marquez Jose Alberto , Sepulveda-Garcia Ana Rosa , Olmos Ricardo 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purpose The aim of this study was to develop an instrument to identify disordered eating behaviors (DEB) in males (hereafter, DEBM-Q). Methods A two-stage project consisting of a diagnostic scale construction (N = 9) and a validation study with a cross-sectional sample (N = 570) was carried out. Both semi-structured interviews and a cognitive laboratory with nine participants were conducted to obtain DEBM-Q items. DEBM-Q was applied to 570 freshmen male in Mexico City. Psychometric characteristics and internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha) were analyzed. An item-total correlation value greater than 0.30 was determined, and factor loads greater than 0.40 were considered valid. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA, n1 = 297) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA, n2 = 273) were performed. Results Two fixed factors explaining 55.08% of the total variance were extracted. Factor 1, "Drive for Thinness" (8 items), explained 30.84% of the variance, whereas factor 2, "Drive for Muscularity" (8 items), explained 24.23% of the variance. Cronbach's alpha for the whole questionnaire was 0.84. DEBM-Q was correlated with the Dutch Food Restriction Scale (RS) (r= 0.52, p < 0.001), Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q) (r= 0.46, p < 0.001), Emotional Eating Scale (EES) (r=0.18, p < 0.001), and Negative Affect Subscale (PANAS-X) (r= 0.11, p < 0.005). Conclusion DEBM-Q is a valid and practical short screening tool (16 items) allowing early identification of disordered eating in young males, thereby facilitating clinical management.Level of evidence V
Study of the effects of maize silage substitution in total mixed rations on growth, digestibility and economic benefits in male calves of Nili-Ravi buffalo with sugarbeet or citrus pulp ensiled with corncobs
Authors: Anjum Muhammad Iqbal , Javaid Shahbaz , Ashfaq Faisal , Iqbal Javed 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Ensiling of high-moisture agro-industrial wastes with dry roughage as animal feeds may be a secure way to reduce the feeding cost. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of either sugarbeet or citrus pulp ensiled with ground corncobs, and use as replacement of maize silage in total mixed ration (TMR) for fattening of buffalo calves. Twenty male calves of Nili-Ravi buffalo (aged 14 ± 2 months weighing 133 ± 5 kg) were randomly assigned one of four experimental diets. Four TMRs [iso-nutritious with 12% CP and 69% TDN] differing in forage sources at 50:50 ratio with concentrate, on DM basis; (1) TMR maize silage, (2) TMR sugarbeet pulp ensiled with corncobs (80:20), (3) TMR citrus pulp ensiled with corncobs (78:22), and (4) TMR green maize fodder with wheat straw (9:1). All calves received TMRs for ad libitum intake twice daily for 80-day period. Daily feed intake, fortnightly body weights, and digestibility and N balance study during last 5-days were recorded of individual animals. The calves fed TMR sugarbeet pulp silage got highest daily gain (856 g/d, P < 0.05) than citrus pulp silage (776 g/d) or green maize fodder (704 g/d). But maize silage did not differ from sugarbeet pulp silage and citrus pulp silage (P > 0.05). Average intake of nutrients were same among the all calves. Feed conversion ratio and digestibility of DM, NDF and ADF were higher (P < 0.05) with TMR sugarbeet pulp silage compared to other TMRs. Economic benefit (output/input) with TMR sugarbeet pulp silage had 15.46, 34.27, and 37.36% higher effect for fattening of buffalo calves compared to citrus pulp silage, green maize fodder and maize silage based TMRs, respectively. In conclusion, sugarbeet or citrus pulp ensiled with ground corncobs is simple and viable strategy for effective silage making, however, sugarbeet pulp silage had pronounced economic impact for fattening of buffalo calves.
Exploring bisphenol S removal mechanism with multi-enzymes extracted from waste sludge and reed sediment
Authors: Hou Guangying , Huang Zaihui , Ding Xiaohu , liu chunguang 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
BPS, as a widespread environmental hormone-like micro-pollutants, is difficult to be degraded in the environment. In this study, the removal of BPS with multi-enzymes extracted from waste sludge and reed sediment were studied at 25℃, 37℃ and 55℃. Results show that BPS could be removed efficiently, which could involve enzymolysis and bio-flocculation. The mechanism and pathways of the enzymolysis were identified with LC-MS/MS. Polymerization of BPS with enzymolysis further improved the removal by bio-flocculation due to the production of BPS oligomers. Furthermore, the interaction mechanism between BPS and multi-enzymes was explored through a series of spectroscopic experiments. Results show that more loose skeletal structure of the multi-enzymes and more hydrophobic microenvironment of the amino acid residues are responsible for the removal of BPS. This research not only provided a method for refractory micropollutants removal but also a way for the utilization of waste sludge and reed sediment.
Cost-effectiveness analysis of transplantation-ineligible elderly acute leukemia harboring molecular target; Ph-positive acute leukemia and FLT3 mutated acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Imataki Osamu , Ishida Tomoya , Kida Jun-ichiro , Uemura Makiko , Fujita Haruyuki , Kadowaki Norimitsu 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Objective: Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and FLT3 inhibitors are promising agent for Ph-positive acute leukemia (Ph+ AL) and FLT3 mutated acute myeloid leukemia (FLT3-AML), respectively. We examined the cost-effectiveness ratio (CER) of dasatinib and ponatinib for Ph+ AL and the cost-effectiveness of gilteritinib and quizartinib for FLT3-AML in elderly. Molecular therapy can fit elderly population rather than chemotherapy (CT).Results: The daily drug cost of drug dasatinib, ponatinib, gilteritinib, and quizartinib is $240, $170, $524, and $479 in terms of treatment maintenance dose, respectively. When treated with SCT, CT, dasatinib, and ponatinib in Ph+ AL, the CERs were $322,375, $34,928, $61,104, and $46,234, respectively. The CERs for FLT3-AML treated with SCT, CT, gilteritinib, and quizartinib were $355,270, $42,717, $94,987, and $90,080, respectively. The treatments with TKIs and FLT3 inhibitors in elderly remained expensive and inferior than conventional CT, however, the cost-effectiveness ratio was superior compared to that with SCT. Although TKIs and FLT3 inhibitors have a higher drug cost than conventional CT, their promising survival benefit can offset the cost. TKI or FLT3 inhibitor monotherapy is recommended for elderly patients with Ph+ AL or FLT3-AML, such as situationally unfit elderly and even for relapse and refractory cases post-SCT recurrence.