bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FIXED-POINT OBSERVATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF RADIOACTIVE CS IN SOIL COLLECTED AT KAWASAKI, JAPAN
Authors: Saito Rintaro , Inose Satoshi , Koike Yuya 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Radioactive Cs derived from the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident was detected in soils sampled at Kawasaki, Japan. Radioactive Cs adsorbed on soil is hard to be removed. Fixed-point observation of radioactive Cs concentration was performed on two observation sites of Meiji University. The soil samples were also analyzed for the distribution of radioactive Cs concentration and chemical form. 10 years after the accident, the activity concentration of radioactive Cs in soil samples at the Ikuta Campus of Meiji University ranged from 127 to 448 Bq kg−1. The sequential extraction method results indicated that most radioactive Cs in the surface soil exists in a poorly soluble form.
Social cognitive network neuroscience
Authors: Krendl Anne C , Betzel Richard F 
Published: March 2022

AbstractOver the past three decades, research from the field of social neuroscience has identified a constellation of brain regions that relate to social cognition. Although these studies have provided important insights into the specific neural regions underlying social behavior, they may overlook the broader neural context in which those regions and the interactions between them are embedded. Network neuroscience is an emerging discipline that focuses on modeling and analyzing brain networks—collections of interacting neural elements. Because human cognition requires integrating information across multiple brain regions and systems, we argue that a novel social cognitive network neuroscience approach—which leverages methods from the field of network neuroscience and graph theory—can advance our understanding of how brain systems give rise to social behavior. This review provides an overview of the field of network neuroscience, discusses studies that have leveraged this approach to advance social neuroscience research, highlights the potential contributions of social cognitive network neuroscience to understanding social behavior and provides suggested tools and resources for conducting network neuroscience research.
Insomnia Diagnosis, Prescribed Hypnotic Medication Use, and Risk for Serious Fall Injuries in the Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) Study
Authors: Thomas S Justin , Sakhuja Swati , Colantonio Lisandro D , Li Mei , Muntner Paul , Reynolds Kristi , Bowling C Barrett 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Study Objectives
Insomnia is common among older adults and associated with an increased risk for falls. Determining if falls are more strongly associated with insomnia or prescribed hypnotic medications could be used to guide interventions to reduce falls risk.

Methods
We examined the prospective association of a diagnosis of insomnia and/or prescribed hypnotic medication use with the risk for serious fall injuries among 9087 Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) study participants aged 65 years or older with Medicare fee-for-service health insurance at baseline (2003–2007). A diagnosis of insomnia was based on ICD-9 codes in Medicare claims and prescribed hypnotic medication use was determined through a pill bottle review. Serious fall injuries were identified by Medicare claims between baseline and December 31, 2018.

Results
Over a median of 6.8 years, 1660 (18.3%) participants had a serious fall injury. The incidence rates for a serious fall injury per 1000 person-years were 24.8 (95%CI: 23.5, 26.1), 28.8 (95%CI: 18.6, 38.9), 32.6 (95%CI: 28.2, 37.0), and 46.6 (95%CI: 26.7, 66.5) for participants without insomnia or taking prescribed hypnotic medication (–insomnia/–hypnotics), with insomnia only (+insomnia/–hypnotics), taking prescribed hypnotic medication only (–insomnia/+hypnotics), and with insomnia and taking prescribed hypnotic medication (+insomnia/+hypnotics), respectively. Compared with the –insomnia/–hypnotic group, the multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios for a serious fall injury were 1.13 (95%CI: 0.79, 1.61), 1.29 (95%CI: 1.11, 1.50), and 1.60 (95%CI: 1.01, 2.56) for +insomnia/–hypnotics, –insomnia/+hypnotics, and +insomnia/+hypnotics, respectively.

Conclusions
The risk for serious fall injuries was higher for those taking prescribed hypnotic medications but not with an insomnia diagnosis.
First case of Zika virus infection during an outbreak of chikungunya in a rural region of Maharashtra state, India
Authors: Gurav Yogesh K , Alagarasu Kalichamy , Yadav Pragya D , Sapkal Gajanan , Gokhale Mangesh , Parashar Deepti , Jadhav Ujwala , Bote Minal , Kakade Mahadeo , Nyayanit Dimpal , Kumar Abhinendra , Deshpande Gururaj Rao , Cherian Sarah , Awate Pradip S , Abraham Priya 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Background
In July 2021, an outbreak of chikungunya virus (CHIKV) was reported in a rural region of Maharashtra state, India.

Methods
Serum samples of symptomatic cases (n=33) were screened for dengue virus (DENV), CHIKV and Zika virus (ZIKV) by molecular and serological assays.

Results
The first case of ZIKV infection from Maharashtra was detected and confirmed by molecular and serological assays. Complete genome sequencing revealed that the ZIKV sequence belongs to the Asian genotype and had a closer homology with pre-epidemic strains present before 2007.

Conclusions
ZIKV surveillance needs to be strengthened in the regions experiencing dengue and chikungunya outbreaks.
Detection and significance of neuronal autoantibodies in patients with meningoencephalitis in Vientiane, Lao PDR
Authors: Uy Christopher E , Mayxay Mayfong , Harrison Ruby , Al-Diwani Adam , Jacobson Leslie , Rattanavong Sayaphet , Dubot-Pérès Audrey , Vongsouvath Manivanh , Davong Viengmon , Chansamouth Vilada , Phommasone Koukeo , Waters Patrick , Irani Sarosh R , Newton Paul N 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Background
The importance of autoimmune encephalitis and its overlap with infectious encephalitides are not well investigated in South-East Asia.

Methods
We report autoantibody testing, using antigen-specific live cell-based assays, in a series of 134 patients (cerebrospinal fluid and sera) and 55 blood donor controls (sera), undergoing lumbar puncture for suspected meningoencephalitis admitted in Vientiane, Lao People's Democratic Republic (PDR).

Results
Eight of 134 (6%) patients showed detectable serum neuronal autoantibodies, against the N-methyl-D-aspartate and gamma-aminobutyric acid A receptors (NMDAR and GABAAR), and contactin-associated protein-like 2 (CASPR2). Three of eight patients had accompanying autoantibodies in cerebrospinal fluid (two with NMDAR and one with GABAAR antibodies), and in two of these the clinical syndromes were typical of autoimmune encephalitis. Three of the other five patients had proven central nervous system infections, highlighting a complex overlap between diverse infectious and autoimmune causes of encephalitis. No patients in this cohort were treated with immunotherapy, and the outcomes were poor, with improvement observed in a single patient.

Conclusions
In Lao PDR, autoimmune encephalitis is underdiagnosed and has a poor prognosis. Empiric immunotherapy should be considered after treatable infectious aetiologies are considered unlikely. Awareness and diagnostic testing resources for autoimmune encephalitis should be enhanced in South-East Asia.
Accessibility of Pharmacist-Prescribed Contraceptives in Utah
Authors: Magnusson Brianna M. , Christensen Sarah R. , Tanner Ashley B. , Eyring J. B. , Pilling Emily B. , Sloan-Aagard Chantel D. 
Published: March 2022

(Abstracted from Obstet Gynecol 2021;138:871–877)
Nearly half (45%) of US pregnancies are unintended, and almost all (95%) of unintended pregnancies are attributable to inconsistent, incorrect, or nonuse of contraceptives. Access to hormonal contraception in the United States typically involves an initial visit with a health care provider.
British Gynaecological Cancer Society Recommendations for Women With Gynecological Cancer Who Received Non-standard Care During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Taylor Alexandra , Sundar Sudha S. , Bowen Rebecca , Clayton Rick , Coleridge Sarah , Fotopoulou Christina , Ghaem-Maghami Sadaf , Ledermann Jonathan , Manchanda Ranjit , Maxwell Hilary , Michael Agnieszka , Miles Tracie , Nicum Shibani , Nordin Andrew , Ramsay Bruce , Rundle Stuart , Williams Sarah , Wood Nicholas J. , Yiannakis Dennis , Morrison Jo 
Published: March 2022

(Abstracted from Int J Gynecol Cancer 2022;32:9–14)
Because of the overwhelming pressure placed on the health care system during the COVID-19 pandemic, resource prioritization and infection risk led to deviation from standard of care treatment for women with gynecologic cancer. The loss of intensive care availability, surgical capacity, as well as radio- and systemic therapy availability particularly impacted this vulnerable population.
Aspirin Use to Prevent Preeclampsia and Related Morbidity and Mortality: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force
Authors: Henderson Jillian T. , Vesco Kimberly K. , Senger Caitlyn A. , Thomas Rachel G. , Redmond Nadia 
Published: March 2022

(Abstracted from JAMA 2021;326:1192–1206)
Preeclampsia is a systemic hypertensive disorder in pregnancy that increases risks for serious maternal and neonatal health complications including eclamptic seizures, stroke, small for gestational age, intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), preterm birth, placental abruption, and death. The incidence of preeclampsia in the United States was approximately 46.6 per 1000 deliveries in 2014, with a significant increase in preeclampsia with severe features in the decade preceding.
Quality Measures for Pediatric Orthopaedic Surgery: A Systematic Review
Authors: Montgomery Blake K. , Welch Jessica M. , Shapiro Lauren M. , Shea Kevin G. , Kamal Robin N. 
Published: March 2022

Background:
Quality measures provide a way to assess health care delivery and to identify areas for improvement that can inform patient care delivery. When operationalized by a hospital or a payer, quality measures can also be tied to physician or hospital reimbursement. Prior work on quality measures in orthopaedic surgery have identified substantial gaps in measurement portfolios and have highlighted areas for future measure development. This study aims to identify the portfolio of quality measures in pediatric orthopaedic surgery.

Methods:
We used methodology of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) and reviewed PubMed/ MEDLINE and EMBASE, the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgery (AAOS), National Quality Forum (NQF), and the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), for quality measures and candidate quality measures. Quality measure and candidate quality measures were categorized as structure, process, or outcome. Measures were also classified into 1 of the 6 National Quality Strategy priorities (safety, effective, patient centered, timely, efficient, and equitable).

Results:
A review of PubMed/EMBASE returned 1640 potential quality measures and articles. A review of AAOS, NQF, and AHRQ databases found 80 potential quality measures. After screening we found a total of 18 quality measures and candidate quality measures specifically for pediatric orthopaedic surgery. Quality measures addressed conditions such as supracondylar humerus fractures, developmental dysplasia of the hip, and osteochondritis dissecans. There were 10 process measures, 8 outcome measure, and 0 structure measures. When we categorized by National Quality Strategy priorities and found 50% (9/18) were effective clinical care, 44% (8/18) were person and care-giver centered experience and outcomes, 6% (1/18) were efficient use of resources.

Conclusions:
There are few quality measures and candidate quality measures to assess pediatric orthopaedic surgery. Of the quality measure available, process measures are relatively over-represented. Pediatric orthopaedic surgeons can lead the development of outcome (eg, patient-reported outcomes after surgery) and structure measures (eg, subspecialty training certification) to assess quality of care in pediatric orthopaedic surgery.

Level of Evidence:
Level II—systematic review.
Biomechanical Effects of Thoracolumbosacral Orthosis Design Features on 3D Correction in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis
Authors: Guy Aymeric , Coulombe Maxence , Labelle Hubert , Rigo Manuel , Wong Man-Sang , Beygi Babak Hassan , Wynne James , Hresko Michael Timothy , Ebermeyer Eric , Vedreine Philippe , Liu Xue-Cheng , Thometz John G. , Bissonnette Benoît , Sapaly Charlotte , Barchi Soraya , Aubin Carl-Éric 
Published: March 2022

Study Design.
Multicenter numerical study.

Objective.
To biomechanically analyze and compare various passive correction features of braces, designed by several centers with diverse practices, for three-dimensional (3D) correction of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.

Summary of Background Data.
A wide variety of brace designs exist, but their biomechanical effectiveness is not clearly understood. Many studies have reported brace treatment correction potential with various degrees of control, making the objective comparison of correction mechanisms difficult. A Finite Element Model simulating the immediate in-brace corrective effects has been developed and allows to comprehensively assess the biomechanics of different brace designs.

Methods.
Expert clinical teams (one orthotist and one orthopedist) from six centers in five countries participated in the study. For six scoliosis cases with different curve types respecting SRS criteria, the teams designed two braces according to their treatment protocol. Finite Element Model simulations were performed to compute immediate in-brace 3D correction and skin-to-brace pressures. All braces were randomized and labeled according to 21 design features derived from Society on Scoliosis Orthopaedic and Rehabilitation Treatment proposed descriptors, including positioning of pressure points, orientation of push vectors, and sagittal design. Simulated in brace 3D corrections were compared for each design feature class using ANOVAs and linear regressions (significance P ≤ 0.05).

Results.
Seventy-two braces were tested, with significant variety in the design approaches. Pressure points at the apical vertebra level corrected the main thoracic curve better than more caudal locations. Braces with ventral support flattened the lumbar lordosis. Lateral and ventral skin-to-brace pressures were correlated with changes in thoracolumbar/lumbar Cobb and lumbar lordosis (r =− 0.53, r = − 0.54). Upper straps positioned above T10 corrected the main thoracic Cobb better than those placed lower.

Conclusions.
The corrective features of various scoliosis braces were objectively compared in a systematic approach with minimal biases and variability in test parameters, providing a better biomechanical understanding of individual passive mechanisms’ contribution to 3D correction.
Resection of Lumbar Spinal Facet Joint Cysts and Cerebrospinal Fluid Leakage
Authors: Schmidt Dominic , Setzer Matthias , Seifert Volker , Marquardt Gerhard , Bruder Markus 
Published: March 2022

Study Design:
Single-center series.

Objective:
Intraspinal facet joint cysts can lead to nerve root compression symptoms with severe discomfort and disability. Permanent improvement can be achieved by surgical resection of the cyst. However, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage is a common problem in resection of facet joint cyst.
The aim of the study was to investigate the frequency of CSF leak after resection of a joint cyst and to determine predictive factors.

Methods:
A total of 176 consecutive patients underwent surgery for lumbar spinal facet joint cyst in our institution between 1997 and 2018. Patients with a CSF leak were compared with patients without a CSF leak (control group).

Results:
CSF leakage occurred in 14 patients (8.0%) In 2 of the cases (14.3%), the CSF leak was recognized only postoperatively, in 12 cases (85.7%), the CSF leak was detected intraoperatively. Despite intraoperative dura repair, 4 of these 12 patients (33.3%) presented with CSF leakage postoperatively. Altogether 6 patients had postoperative CSF leakage. Compared with patients without CSF leak, there were no differences in preoperative symptoms, surgical technique, complications, or postoperative findings. Adhesion of the cyst to the dura mater was present in all 14 patients with CSF leakage (100%), but only 61.7% of the control group (P<0.005). All patients in the CSF leak group showed an improvement of their preoperative symptoms.

Conclusions:
The rate of CSF leakage in resection of spinal facet joint cyst was 8% in the present study. The occurrence of a CSF leakage was independent of clinical factors, level, or side of the cyst, but significantly correlated to dural adhesion of the cyst.
Since neither clinical recovery nor recurrence rates do depend on complete removal of the cyst, aggressive resection of dural adherend parts of the cyst wall should be avoided to prevent CSF leakage.
Outcomes After Direct Discharge Home From Critical Care Units
Authors: Martin Claudio M. , Lam Melody , Le Britney , Pinto Ruxandra , Lau Vincent , Ball Ian M. , Wunsch Hannah , Fowler Robert A. , Scales Damon C. 
Published: March 2022

Objectives:
To compare health service use and clinical outcomes for patients with and without direct discharge to home (DDH) from ICUs in Ontario.

Design:
Population-based, observational, cohort study using propensity scoring to match patients who were DDH to those not DDH and a preference-based instrumental variable (IV) analysis using ICU-level DDH rate as the IV.

Setting:
ICUs in Ontario.

Patients:
Patients discharged home from a hospitalization either directly or within 48 hours of care in an ICU between April 1, 2015, and March 31, 2017.

Intervention:
DDH from ICU.

Measurements and Main Results:
Among 76,737 patients in our cohort, 46,859 (61%) were DDH from the ICU. In the propensity matched cohort, the odds for our primary outcome of hospital readmission or emergency department (ED) visit within 30 days were not significantly different for patients DDH (odds ratio [OR], 1.00; 95% CI, 0.96–1.04), and there was no difference in mortality at 90 days for patients DDH (OR, 1.08; 95% CI, 0.97–1.21). The effect on hospital readmission or ED visits was similar in the subgroup of patients discharged from level 2 (OR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.92–1.04) and level 3 ICUs (OR, 1.02; 95% CI, 0.96–1.09) and in the subgroups with cardiac conditions (OR, 1.03; 95% CI, 0.96–1.12) and noncardiac conditions (OR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.94–1.03). Similar results were obtained in the IV analysis (coefficient for hospital readmission or ED visit within 30 d = –0.03 ± 0.03 (SE); p = 0.3).

CONCLUSIONS:
There was no difference in outcomes for patients DDH compared with ward transfer prior to discharge when two approaches were used to minimize confounding within a large health systemwide observational cohort. We did not evaluate how patients are selected for DDH. Our results suggest that with careful patient selection, this practice might be feasible for routine implementation to ensure efficient and safe use of limited healthcare resources.
A diagnostic prediction model for hypertension in Han and Yugur population from the China National Health Survey (CNHS)
Authors: Yu Chengdong , Ren Xiaolan , Cui Ze , Pan Li , Zhao Hongjun , Sun Jixin , Wang Ye , Chang Lijun , Cao Yajing , He Huijing , Xi Jin’en , Zhang Ling , Shan Guangliang 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Background:
The prevalence of hypertension is high among Chinese adults, thus, identifying non-hypertensive individuals at high risk for intervention will help to improve the efficiency of primary prevention strategies.

Methods:
The cross-sectional data on 9699 participants aged 20 to 80 years were collected from the China National Health Survey in Gansu and Hebei provinces in 2016 to 2017, and they were nonrandomly split into the training set and validation set based on location. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to develop the diagnostic prediction model, which was presented as a nomogram and a website with risk classification. Predictive performances of the model were evaluated using discrimination and calibration, and were further compared with a previously published model. Decision curve analysis was used to calculate the standardized net benefit for assessing the clinical usefulness of the model.

Results:
The Lasso regression analysis identified the significant predictors of hypertension in the training set, and a diagnostic model was developed using logistic regression. A nomogram with risk classification was constructed to visualize the model, and a website (https://chris-yu.shinyapps.io/hypertension_risk_prediction/) was developed to calculate the exact probabilities of hypertension. The model showed good discrimination and calibration, with the C-index of 0.789 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.768, 0.810) through internal validation and 0.829 (95% CI: 0.816, 0.842) through external validation. Decision curve analysis demonstrated that the model was clinically useful. The model had a higher area under receiver operating characteristic curves in training and validation sets compared with a previously published diagnostic model based on Northern China population.

Conclusion:
This study developed and validated a diagnostic model for hypertension prediction in Gansu Province. A nomogram and a website were developed to make the model conveniently used to facilitate the individualized prediction of hypertension in the general population of Han and Yugur.
D2 lymphadenectomy with complete mesogastrium excision vs. conventional D2 gastrectomy for advanced gastric cancer
Authors: Meng Xiangyu , Wang Lu , Liu Guangcong , Zhang Jun , Wang Yue , Yang Dong , Zheng Guoliang , Zhang Tao , Zheng Zhichao , Zhao Yan 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Background:
The complete mesogastrium excision (CME) based on D2 radical gastrectomy is believed to significantly reduce the local-regional recurrence compared with D2 radical gastrectomy in advanced gastric cancer, and it is widely used in China. This study aimed to explore whether D2 + CME is superior to D2 on surgical outcomes during gastrectomy from Chinese data.

Methods:
Feasible studies comparing the D2 + CME (D2 + CME group) and D2 (D2 group) published up to March 2020 are searched from electronic databases. The data showing surgical and complication outcomes are extracted to be pooled and analyzed.

Results:
Fourteen records including 1352 patients were included. The D2 + CME group had a shorter mean operative time (weighted mean difference [WMD] = —16.72 min, 95% confidence interval [CI]: −26.56 to −6.87 min, P
< 0.001), lower mean blood loss (WMD = −39.08 mL, 95% CI: −49.94 to −28.21 mL, P < 0.001), higher mean number of retrieved lymph nodes (WMD = 2.13, 95% CI: 0.58–3.67, P = 0.007), shorter time to first flatus (WMD = −0.31 d, 95% CI: −0.53 to − 0.10 d, P = 0.005), and postoperative hospital days (WMD = −1.09, 95% CI: −1.92 to −0.25, P = 0.010) than the D2 group. Subgroup analysis suggested that the advantages from the D2 + CME group were obvious in traditional open radical gastrectomy, proximal gastrectomy, and distal gastrectomy compared with D2 group. The evaluations of post-operative complications showed that the patients who underwent D2 + CME had a lower incidence of post-operative complications than the patients who underwent D2 surgery alone (relative risk [RR] = 0.65, 95% CI: 0.45–0.87, P = 0.003). The D2 radical gastrectomy plus CME improved 3-year overall survival (OS) (RR = 1.16, 95% CI: 1.02–1.32, P = 0.020) and lowered the local recurrence rate (RR = 0.51, 95% CI: 0.28–0.94, P = 0.030). The patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery or total gastrectomy had more significant advantages compared between D2 + CME and D2 groups in 3-year OS.

Conclusion:
The data from China show that D2 radical gastrectomy plus CME are reliable procedures and safety compared to D2 radical gastrectomy with faster recovery, lower risk, and better prognosis.