bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Understanding the Interactions Between Driving Behavior and Well-being in Daily Driving: Causal Analysis of a Field Study
Authors: Stephan Paul , Wortmann Felix , Koch Kevin 
Published: August 2022

Background
Investigating ways to improve well-being in everyday situations as a means of fostering mental health has gained substantial interest in recent years. For many people, the daily commute by car is a particularly straining situation of the day, and thus researchers have already designed various in-vehicle well-being interventions for a better commuting experience. Current research has validated such interventions but is limited to isolating effects in controlled experiments that are generally not representative of real-world driving conditions.

Objective
The aim of the study is to identify cause–effect relationships between driving behavior and well-being in a real-world setting. This knowledge should contribute to a better understanding of when to trigger interventions.

Methods
We conducted a field study in which we provided a demographically diverse sample of 10 commuters with a car for daily driving over a period of 4 months. Before and after each trip, the drivers had to fill out a questionnaire about their state of well-being, which was operationalized as arousal and valence. We equipped the cars with sensors that recorded driving behavior, such as sudden braking. We also captured trip-dependent factors, such as the length of the drive, and predetermined factors, such as the weather. We conducted a causal analysis based on a causal directed acyclic graph (DAG) to examine cause–effect relationships from the observational data and to isolate the causal chains between the examined variables. We did so by applying the backdoor criterion to the data-based graphical model. The hereby compiled adjustment set was used in a multiple regression to estimate the causal effects between the variables.

Results
The causal analysis showed that a higher level of arousal before driving influences driving behavior. Higher arousal reduced the frequency of sudden events (P=.04) as well as the average speed (P=.001), while fostering active steering (P<.001). In turn, more frequent braking (P<.001) increased arousal after the drive, while a longer trip (P<.001) with a higher average speed (P<.001) reduced arousal. The prevalence of sunshine (P<.001) increased arousal and of occupants (P<.001) increased valence (P<.001) before and after driving.

Conclusions
The examination of cause–effect relationships unveiled significant interactions between well-being and driving. A low level of predriving arousal impairs driving behavior, which manifests itself in more frequent sudden events and less anticipatory driving. Driving has a stronger effect on arousal than on valence. In particular, monotonous driving situations at high speeds with low cognitive demand increase the risk of the driver becoming tired (low arousal), thus impairing driving behavior. By combining the identified causal chains, states of vulnerability can be inferred that may form the basis for timely delivered interventions to improve well-being while driving.
Implementing a Virtual Emergency Department: Qualitative Study Using the Normalization Process Theory
Authors: Shuldiner Jennifer , Srinivasan Diya , Hall Justin N , May Carl R , Desveaux Laura 
Published: August 2022

Background
COVID-19 necessitated the rapid implementation and uptake of virtual health care; however, virtual care’s potential role remains unclear in the urgent care setting. In December 2020, the first virtual emergency department (ED) in the Greater Toronto Area was piloted at Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre by connecting patients to emergency physicians through an online portal.

Objective
This study aims to understand whether and how ED physicians were able to integrate a virtual ED alongside in-person operations.

Methods
We conducted semistructured interviews with ED physicians guided by the Normalization Process Theory (NPT). The NPT provides a framework to understand how individuals and teams navigate the process of embedding new models of care as part of normal practice. All physicians who had worked within the virtual ED model were invited to participate. Data were analyzed using a combination of inductive and deductive techniques informed by the NPT.

Results
A total of 14 physicians were interviewed. Participant experiences were categorized into 1 of 2 groups: 1 group moved to normalize the virtual ED in practice, while the other described barriers to routine adoption. These groups differed in their perception of the patient benefits as well as the perceived role in the virtual ED. The group that normalized the virtual ED model saw value for patients (coherence) and was motivated by patient satisfaction witnessed (reflexive monitoring) at the end of the virtual appointment. By contrast, the other group did not find virtual ED work reflective of the perceived role of urgent care (cognitive participation) and felt their skills as ED physicians were underutilized. The limited ability to examine patients and a sense that patient issues were not fully resolved at the end of the virtual appointment caused frustration among the second group.

Conclusions
As further digital integration within the health care system occurs, it will be essential to support the evolution of staff skill sets to ensure physicians are satisfied with the care they are providing to their patients, while also ensuring the technology and process are efficient.
Long-term Weight Loss in a Primary Care–Anchored eHealth Lifestyle Coaching Program: Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Hesseldal Laura , Christensen Jeanette Reffstrup , Olesen Thomas Bastholm , Olsen Michael Hecht , Jakobsen Pernille Ravn , Laursen Ditte Hjorth , Lauridsen Jørgen Trankjær , Nielsen Jesper Bo , Søndergaard Jens , Brandt Carl Joakim 
Published: August 2022

Background
Long-term weight loss in people living with obesity can reduce the risk and progression of noncommunicable diseases. Observational studies suggest that digital coaching can lead to long-term weight loss.

Objective
We investigated whether an eHealth lifestyle coaching program for people living with obesity with or without type 2 diabetes led to significant, long-term (12-month) weight loss compared to usual care.

Methods
In a randomized controlled trial that took place in 50 municipalities in Denmark, 340 people living with obesity with or without type 2 diabetes were enrolled from April 16, 2018, to April 1, 2019, and randomized via an automated computer algorithm to an intervention (n=200) or a control (n=140) group. Patients were recruited via their general practitioners, the Danish diabetes organization, and social media. The digital coaching intervention consisted of an initial 1-hour face-to-face motivational interview followed by digital coaching using behavioral change techniques enabled by individual live monitoring. The primary outcome was change in body weight from baseline to 12 months.

Results
Data were assessed for 200 participants, including 127 from the intervention group and 73 from the control group, who completed 12 months of follow-up. After 12 months, mean body weight and BMI were significantly reduced in both groups but significantly more so in the intervention group than the control group (–4.5 kg, 95% CI –5.6 to –3.4 vs –1.5 kg, 95% CI –2.7 to –0.2, respectively; P<.001; and –1.5 kg/m2, 95% CI –1.9 to –1.2 vs –0.5 kg/m2, 95% CI –0.9 to –0.1, respectively; P<.001). Hemoglobin A1c was significantly reduced in both the intervention (–6.0 mmol/mol, 95% CI –7.7 to –4.3) and control (–4.9 mmol/mol, 95% CI –7.4 to –2.4) groups, without a significant group difference (all P>.46).

Conclusions
Compared to usual care, digital lifestyle coaching can induce significant weight loss for people living with obesity, both with and without type 2 diabetes, after 12 months.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03788915; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03788915
Survey of Salary and Job Satisfaction of Transplant Nephrologists in the United States
Authors: Singh Neeraj , Doshi Mona D. , Schold Jesse D. , Preczewski Luke , Klein Christina , Akalin Enver , Leca Nicolae , Nicoll Kimberly , Pesavento Todd , Dadhania Darshana M. , Friedewald John , Samaniego-Picota Milagros , Bloom Roy D. , Wiseman Alexander C. 
Published: August 2022

Background and objectives
There are no standardized benchmarks to measure productivity and compensation of transplant nephrologists in the United States, and consequently, criteria set for general nephrologists are often used.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
A web-based survey was sent to 809 nephrologists who were members of the American Society of Transplantation to gather data on measures of productivity, compensation, and job satisfaction. Factors associated with higher total compensation and job satisfaction were examined.

Results
Of 365 respondents, 260 were actively practicing in the United States and provided data on compensation. Clinical productivity was assessed variably, and although 194 (76%) had their work relative value units (wRVUs) reported to them, only 107 (44%) had an established RVU target. Two hundred thirty-four respondents (90%) had fixed base compensation, and 172 (66%) received a bonus on the basis of clinical workload (68%), academic productivity (31%), service (32%), and/or teaching responsibility (31%). Only 127 respondents (49%) filled out time studies, and 92 (35%) received some compensation for nonbillable transplant activity. Mean total compensation (base salary and bonus) was $274,460±$91,509. The unadjusted mean total compensation was higher with older age and was higher for men; Hispanic and White respondents; adult care transplant nephrologists; residents of the western United States; US medical school graduates; nonuniversity hospital employees; and those with an administrative title, higher academic rank, and a higher number of years in practice. Two hundred and nine respondents (80%) thought their compensation was unfair, and 180 (70%) lacked a clear understanding of how they were compensated. One hundred forty-five respondents (55%) reported being satisfied or highly satisfied with their job. Job satisfaction was greater among those with higher amounts of compensation and US medical school graduates.

Conclusions
We report significant heterogeneity in the assessment of productivity and compensation for transplant nephrologists and the association of compensation with job satisfaction.
Effect of MIG Welding Parameters on the Mechanical Properties of AISI 304 Austenitic Stainless Steels
Authors: M. Jebbur Amjed , Abed AlKareem Salah S. , Mustafa Faiz F. 
Published: August 2022

The present research investigates joints welding of 304L austenitic stainless steel using metal inert gas (MIG) welding method. The research explores the effect of process parameters (arc voltage, wire feed rate, and electrode wire diameter) on the mechanical properties of stainless steel. The above variables are varied respectively with 18.5, 19, 19.5 V, 116, 127, 137 mm/s, and 0.8, 1, 1.2 mm, with E308L as a filler electrode. The design matrix of the experiments was determined using the design of experiment (DOE) program Minitab 17 based on the levels of input elements used. The Taguchi orthogonal matrix methodology (Taguchi) technique was used to develop some empirical analysis for the maximum tensile strength and proper surface hardness as a function of the welding parameters mentioned above. The ( ) analysis was used to statistically verify the model's adequacy. The results show that the wire feed rate had the greatest effect on the tensile strength of the welded joints when choosing the medium level of arc voltage (19 V), while the arc voltage had a substantial influence on the micro-hardness of all welded joints. The weld-joint zone is given a higher micro-hardness value compared to the base metal zone.
Rahasia Keagungan Ilahi Dibalik Penafsiran Sastra Bint Asy-Syati’
Authors: Aziz Nasaiy , Daud Mohd Kalam 
Published: August 2022

Al-Qur'an in Islam is God's guidance to all humans at all times and throughout the world whose contents must be understood and practiced. To better understand the content and meaning of the Qur'an, a study of the interpretation of the Qur'an is very necessary in order to know the message of Allah behind the texts. The study of the Qur'an actually always experiences a fairly dynamic development, along with the development of socio-cultural conditions and human civilization. This is evidenced by the emergence of works of interpretation, ranging from classical to contemporary, with various styles, methods and approaches used. Bint ash-Syati' is the first female interpreter to live in contemporary times, through language interpretation with a philological and literary approach, which she initiated tries to apply examples of interpretation and apply them in people's lives. It is hoped that the study of the interpretation model will be able to provide a sharper and more specific picture of the method model in question. ABSTRAK Al-Qur’an dalam Islam merupakan petunjuk Allah kepada seluruh manusia di segala zaman dan seluruh dunia yang isinya harus dipahami dan diamalkan. Untuk lebih memahami isi dan makna Al-Qur’an, kajian tafsir Al-Qur’an sangat diperlukan guna mengetahui pesan Allah di balik teks-teksnya. Kajian Al-Qur’an sebenarnya selalu mengalami perkembangan yang cukup dinamis, seiring dengan perkembangan kondisi sosial-budaya dan peradaban manusia. Hal ini terbukti dengan munculnya karya-karya tafsir, mulai dari yang klasik sampai kontemporer, dengan berbagai corak, metode dan pendekatan yang digunakan. Bint asy-Syati’ adalah penafsir perempuan pertama yang hidup di zaman kontemporer, melalui penafsiran bahasa dengan pendekatan filologi dan sastra yang digagasnya mencoba mengaplikasikan contoh-contoh penafsiran dan mengaplikasikan dalam kehidupan masyarakat. Kajian model penafsiran tersebut diharapkan akan dapat memberikan gambaran yang lebih tajam dan spesifik yang dimiliki oleh model metode dimaksud
Motivos para a prática da corrida de rua e sua influência na satisfação com a vida
Authors: Barros Filho Marcos Antonio , Batista Evenon Henrique da Silva , Miranda Yves , Alves Caio Tarcísio Ventura , Albuquerque Diogo Barbosa de 
Published: August 2022

O objetivo do presente estudo foi analisar a influência dos motivos para prática da corrida de rua na satisfação com a vida de corredores amadores. O estudo se caracteriza como de abordagem quantitativa. O procedimento de coleta adotado foi o E-survey, onde os indivíduos foram convidados através das redes sociais a responder um formulário online disponível na plataforma Google Drive. A amostra foi composta por 158 corredores. O instrumento utilizado foi um questionário composto pelas variáveis: (i) motivos; (ii) satisfação com a vida; (iii) perfil da prática da corrida de rua e (iv) caracterização dos dados demográficos. Os dados foram analisados no software SPSS Statistics 24. A análise do valor preditivo das variáveis independes resultou num modelo estatisticamente significativo [F (3, 154) = 13,06; < 0,001; R² = 0,20]. Especificamente, o fator social exerceu a influência mais forte (β = 0.325), seguida pelo divertimento (β = 0.198). Portanto, conclui-se que os motivos da prática da corrida de rua são fatores significativos para a satisfação com a vida.
Mathematical Calculus Modeling in Improving the Teaching Performance of Shot Put
Authors: Chen Liang , Chen Jike 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The article applies mathematical calculus modeling to analyze the force of shot put. We emphatically analyzed the relationship between the angle of the shot and the initial velocity and calculated the motion trajectory equation of the shot put. The above research results are used to assist in the analysis and help improve the teaching performance of sports shot put. The study found that different forces have different effects on the horizontal displacement of the shot. Under the comprehensive force analysis, the horizontal velocity gradually decreases with time, and under the gravity analysis, the horizontal velocity of the shot is constant. The horizontal displacement of the shot put is related to the shooting angle and initial speed. Under the comprehensive force analysis, the influence of air resistance and buoyancy on the throwing distance is different due to the different combinations of shooting angle and initial speed.
Higher Mathematics Teaching Curriculum Model Based on Lagrangian Mathematical Model
Authors: Guo Jianxia 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This paper refers to the Lagrangian mathematical model and the Rackwitz-Fiessler transform model in modeling advanced mathematics applications. In this paper, the Lagrangian interpolation method and Rackwitz-Fiessler transform are used to calculate the correlation coefficient efficiently. The purpose of this algorithm is to speed up the process of probabilistic modeling. This paper uses integral probability transformation to characterize the output's uncertainty by the production's joint distribution function. The purpose of this process is to improve the reliability of the calculation. Through the algorithm analysis, it is found that the method is reasonable and efficient.
Social media use in international marketing: Impact on brand and firm performance
Authors: Witek-Hajduk Marzanna K. , Zaborek Piotr 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This research investigates the influence of brand and customer orientations on social media (SM) marketing engagement and how applications of SM in international marketing affect brand and firm performance in foreign markets. The study relies on a survey of a representative sample of 245 medium and large companies using SM in international branding. Performance metrics include an index of brand performance (BP) in a foreign market and return on assets (ROA). Structural equation modeling analysis reveals the overall effect of SM use in international branding as positive, with brand-image creation and market research being significant contributors to brand and firm performance in a foreign market. SM effectiveness is negatively moderated by foreign partner involvement and centralization degree. Firms co-owned by foreign entities turn out to be more successful than their Polish-only counterparts. Of the two antecedents of SM international marketing engagement, customer orientation is significant for all firms, while brand orientation is meaningful only for those with foreign capital.
Surge-type Uisu glacier and its undisturbed forefield relief, Eastern Pamir, Tajikistan
Authors: Gądek Bogdan , Rojan Elżbieta , Suska-Malawska Małgorzata 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The surge-type Uisu glacier and its forefield in the Tajik part of Eastern Pamir are described. To this end, 1977–2019 Landsat satellite imagery, the DEM, and a high-resolution orthophotomap were used, and detailed geomorphological mapping was carried out. The results show that the present-day position of the terminus of the studied glacier results from a surge that occurred before 1947. Currently, the glacier is losing mass. However, despite the visible characteristics of its thawing, the extent of the terminal zone has remained stable for several decades. Outside the glacier, there are no glacial landforms. This indicates that advances of surging glaciers may not create any surge-diagnostic features in their forefields. On the other hand, the genesis and interactions of landforms can reveal glacier surge, even in the absence of terminal and lateral glacial landforms.
17 Year Old Female Patient with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: Amelia Rizky , Supriono Supriono 
Published: August 2022

Gastrointestinal manifestations are common in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Although the relationshipbetween SLE with ulcerative colitis (UC) rarely obtained, SLE patients with gastrointestinal manifestations shouldpreferably be evaluated for the possibility of an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). UC prognosis associatedwith SLE is usually good, whereas by proper diagnosis and management, the clinical output and a good life expectancy of patients will be obtainedA young female, 17 years old, who had previously been diagnosed with SLE for 5 years, came with complaintsof abdominal pain and chronic diarrhea. From the results of colonoscopy and biopsy of the intestinal mucosawas noted that in accordance with UC. After receiving treatment for 6 days, she no longer obtained complaintsof abdominal pain and diarrhea. Keywords: systemic lupus erythematosus, gastrointestinal, ulcerative colitis, inflammatory bowel disease ABSTRAKManifestasi gastrointestinal merupakan hal yang sering terjadi pada lupus eritematosus sistemik (LES).Meskipun hubungan antara LES dengan kolitis ulseratif (KU) jarang didapatkan, sebaiknya pada pasien LESdengan manifestasi gastrointestinal dilakukan evaluasi untuk kemungkinan adanya suatu penyakit inflamasiusus besar. Prognosis UC terkait LES biasanya baik, dimana dengan diagnosis dan penatalaksanaan yang tepatakan didapatkan keluaran klinis dan harapan hidup yang baik pada pasien.Seorang perempuan muda berusia 17 tahun yang sebelumnya telah terdiagnosa LES selama 5 tahun, datangdengan keluhan nyeri perut dan diare kronik. Dari hasil pemeriksaan kolonoskopi dan biopsi mukosa ususdidapatkan gambaran yang sesuai dengan KU. Setelah mendapat terapi selama 6 hari, tidak didapatkan lagi keluhan nyeri perut dan diare.Kata kunci: lupus eritematosus sistemik, gastrointestinal, colitis ulseratif, penyakit inflamasi usus besar
Risk Factors of Chronic Atrophic Gastritis
Authors: Siregar Gontar Alamsyah , Laksmi Lydia Imelda 
Published: August 2022

Background: Chronic atrophic gastritis is a well-established precursor of gastric cancer. The development of atrophic chronic gastritis is multifactorial, involving the environment as well as host responses to the Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection. The aim of this study is to determine prevalence and risk factors of chronic atrophic gastritis.Method: The study was a cross sectional study on gastritis patients admitted to endoscopy units at Adam Malik General Hospital and Permata Bunda Hospital, Medan, from May-October 2014. A simple random sampling was performed to obtain 50 patients. Data concerning sociodemographic factors and H. pylori status were collected. H. pylori were considered positive from the positive results of the campylobacter like organism (CLO) test. Univariate and bivariate analyses were performed using the SPSS 22 with 95% confidence interval. Bivariat analysis was performed using a Chi-square test. Results: Prevalence of chronic atrophic gastritis was 40%. There were associations between age and chronic atrophic gastritis (95% CI = 1.05-2.80; p = 0.021; OR = 1.73), body mass index and chronic atrophic gastritis (95% CI = 1.1-3.1; p = 0.011; OR = 1.85), and H.pylori infection and chronic atrophic gastritis (95% CI = 1.23-4.88; OR = 2.45; p = 0.001). There were no associations between gender, ethnicity, or rural-urban classification and chronic atrophic gastritis (p 0.05).Conclusion: Elderly status, low BMI, and H. pylori infection are risk factors for the development of chronic atrophic gastritis. Keywords: chronic atrophic gastritis, Helicobacter pylori, gastric atrophy, body mass index