bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dangerous Ground: One-Year-Old Infants are Sensitive to Peril in Other Agents’ Action Plans
Authors: Liu Shari , Pepe Bill , Ganesh Kumar Manasa , Ullman Tomer D. , Tenenbaum Joshua B. , Spelke Elizabeth S. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDo infants appreciate that other people’s actions may fail, and that these failures endow risky actions with varying degrees of negative utility (i.e., danger)? Three experiments, including a pre-registered replication, addressed this question by presenting 12- to 15-month-old infants (N = 104, 52 female, majority White) with an animated agent who jumped over trenches of varying depth towards its goals. Infants expected the agent to minimize the danger of its actions, and they learned which goal the agent preferred by observing how much danger it risked to reach each goal, even though the agent’s actions were physically identical and never failed. When we tested younger, 10-month-old infants (N = 102, 52 female, majority White) in a fourth experiment, they did not succeed consistently on the same tasks. These findings provide evidence that one-year-old infants use the height that other agents could fall from in order to explain and predict those agents’ actions.
Discrimination, Marginalisation and Violence Against Minorities in Post-War Sri Lanka
Authors: Deane Tameshnie 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Sri Lanka’s past is stained by human rights violations. The end of the thirty-year old civil war created opportunities and expectations that the post-war period would usher in peace and reconciliation, but this has not materialised. Recently there have been significant and worrying challenges that has altered the environment for reconciliation and accountability leading to a new wave of violence and discrimination against minorities. Some of these broader challenges include excessive militarisation, the reversal of Constitutional safeguards though court rulings, political apathy towards accountability for war-time abuses, exclusionary rhetoric through the intensification of Sinhalization and a shrinking democratic space. These challenges are warning indicators of future conflict and increased human rights violations. The purpose of this paper is to therefore highlight the various abuses, including those legislative frameworks that discriminate against Sri Lanka’s minorities and it advocates for actions in accordance with the country’s obligations under international human rights law.
A Love and Hate Relationship with Chinggis Khan
Authors: Narangoa Li 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Igor de Rachewiltz was an irreplaceable classical scholar in Mongolian Studies and a gentleman with many stories and wits. His work covers a wide range of topics from the world conqueror Chinggis Khan to epic hero Geser, from Sino-Mongolian relation to East and West cultural exchange. This paper attempts to highlight some of his contribution to the scholarly field and provide some insights to his work and personality based on interviews and my own experience working with him.
Stationary Waves Weaken and Delay the Near-Surface Response to Stratospheric Ozone Depletion
Authors: Garfinkel Chaim I. , White Ian , Gerber Edwin P. , Son Seok-Woo , Jucker Martin 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
An intermediate-complexity moist general circulation model is used to investigate the factors controlling the magnitude of the surface impact from Southern Hemisphere springtime ozone depletion. In contrast to previous idealized studies, a model with full radiation is used; furthermore, the model can be run with a varied representation of the surface, from a zonally uniform aquaplanet to a configuration with realistic stationary waves. The model captures the observed summertime positive Southern Annular Mode response to stratospheric ozone depletion. While synoptic waves dominate the long-term poleward jet shift, the initial response includes changes in planetary waves that simultaneously moderate the polar cap cooling (i.e., a negative feedback) and also constitute nearly one-half of the initial momentum flux response that shifts the jet poleward. The net effect is that stationary waves weaken the circulation response to ozone depletion in both the stratosphere and troposphere and also delay the response until summer rather than spring when ozone depletion peaks. It is also found that Antarctic surface cooling in response to ozone depletion helps to strengthen the poleward shift; however, shortwave surface effects of ozone are not critical. These surface temperature and stationary wave feedbacks are strong enough to overwhelm the previously recognized jet latitude/persistence feedback, potentially explaining why some recent comprehensive models do not exhibit a clear relationship between jet latitude/persistence and the magnitude of the response to ozone. The jet response is shown to be linear with respect to the magnitude of the imposed stratospheric perturbation, demonstrating the usefulness of interannual variability in ozone depletion for subseasonal forecasting.
Evaluation of augmented thermal, thermo-mechanical, mechanical properties of nano alumina reinforced TGDDM epoxy nanocomposites
Authors: Dhanapal Duraibabu , Srinivasan AnandaKumar , Rajarathinam Manjumeena , Muthukaruppan Alagar 
Published: October 2022

N,N′-Tetraglycidyldiaminodiphenyl methane (TGDDM) was reinforced with various weight fractions (0.5, 1, and 1.5 wt%) of amine functionalized nano alumina (F-Al) were cured with diaminodiphenyl-methane (DDM). FT-IR analysis revealed that formation of functionalized nano alumina (F-Al) structure, was brought about via coupling agent APTES. Furthermore, the morphology of TGDDM epoxy nanocomposites was studied using X-ray Diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), microscopic analysis and an atomic force microscope (AFM). We found a bonding relationship between TGDDM epoxy and F-Al in TGDDM/F-Al nanocomposites It was interesting to note that the values of tensile, flexural and impact strength of 1 wt% F-Al reinforced TGDDM epoxy nanocomposites were found to be 141.5, 192.5 MPa, and 92.4 J/m2, respectively., which resulted in a substantial improvement in the dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) to 4.3 and 5.5 for 0.5 and 1 wt% F-Al reinforced TGDDM epoxy nanocomposites and the glass transition temperature (Tg) increased from 210°C to 225°C as the F-Al content increased. The initial degradation temperature (IDT) of 0.5, 1, and 1.5 wt% F-Al reinforced TGDDM epoxy nanocomposites were significantly enriched to 328°C, 345°C, and 335°C respectively from 290°C of neat (TGDDM) epoxy matrix. Likewise, the char yield for the neat (TGDDM) epoxy matrix was 13% and that for 0.5, 1, and 1.5 wt% F-Al reinforced TGDDM epoxy nanocomposites were 17%, 25%, and 20% respectively. It is feasible to state unequivocally that considerable F-Al diffusion within the TGDDM epoxy can only occur at low weight percentages. The results clearly showed that F-Al reinforced TGDDM epoxy nanocomposites may be investigated for advanced high performance industrial engineering applications.
NGS better discriminates true MRD positivity for the risk stratification of childhood ALL treated on an MRD-based protocol
Authors: Svaton Michael , Skotnicova Aneta , Reznickova Leona , Rennerova Andrea , Valova Tatana , Kotrova Michaela , van der Velden Vincent H. J. , Brüggemann Monika , Darzentas Nikos , Langerak Anton W. , Zuna Jan , Stary Jan , Trka Jan , Fronkova Eva 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
We compared minimal/measurable residual disease (MRD) levels evaluated by routinely used real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) patient-specific assays and by next-generation sequencing (NGS) approach in 780 immunoglobulin (IG) and T-cell receptor (TR) markers in 432 children with B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia treated on the AIEOP-BFM ALL 2009 protocol. Our aim was to compare the MRD-based risk stratification at the end of induction. The results were concordant in 639 of 780 (81.9%) of these markers; 37 of 780 (4.7%) markers were detected only by NGS. In 104 of 780 (13.3%) markers positive only by qPCR, a large fraction (23/104; 22.1%) was detected also by NGS, however, owing to the presence of identical IG/TR rearrangements in unrelated samples, we classified those as nonspecific/false-positive. Risk group stratification based on the MRD results by qPCR and NGS at the end of induction was concordant in 76% of the patients; 19% of the patients would be assigned to a lower risk group by NGS, largely owing to the elimination of false-positive qPCR results, and 5% of patients would be assigned to a higher risk group by NGS. NGS MRD is highly concordant with qPCR while providing more specific results and can be an alternative in the front line of MRD evaluation in forthcoming MRD-based protocols.
Reduction in vaso-occlusive events following stem cell transplantation in patients with sickle cell disease
Authors: Leonard Alexis , Furstenau Dana , Abraham Allistair , Darbari Deepika S. , Nickel Robert S. , Limerick Emily , Fitzhugh Courtney , Hsieh Matt , Tisdale John F. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is potentially curative for patients with sickle cell disease (SCD). Patients with stable donor engraftment after allogeneic HSCT generally do not experience SCD-related complications; however, there are no published data specifically reporting the change in vaso-occlusive events (VOE) after HSCT. Data regarding the number of VOEs requiring medical attention in the 2 years before allogeneic HSCT were compared with the number of VOEs in the 2 years (0-12 months and 12-24 months) after allogeneic HSCT in patients with SCD. One-hundred sixty-three patients with SCD underwent allogeneic HSCT between 2005 and 2019. The average age at the time of HSCT was 21 years (range, 7 months – 64 years). Most patients underwent nonmyeloablative conditioning (75% [N = 123]) and had a matched sibling donor (72% [N = 118]). The mean number of VOEs was reduced from 5.6 (range, 0-52) in the 2 years before HSCT to 0.9 (range, 0-12) in the 2 years after HSCT (P &lt; .001). Among the post-HSCT events, VOE was more frequent during the first 12 months (0.8 [range, 0-12]) than at 12 to 24 months after HSCT (0.1 [range, 0-8) (P &lt; .001)). In patients who had graft rejection (12%, N = 20), VOEs were reduced from 6.6 (range, 0-24) before HSCT to 1.1 (range, 0-6) and 0.8 (range, 0-8) at 0 to 12 months and 12 to 24 months after HSCT, respectively (P &lt; .001). VOEs requiring medical care were significantly reduced after allogeneic HSCT for patients with SCD. These data will inform the development of novel autologous HSCT gene therapy approaches.
Mechano-covalent protection of coagulation factor VIII by von Willebrand factor
Authors: Butera Diego , Wang Haoqing Jerry , Woon Heng-Giap , Zhao Yunduo Charles , Ju Lining Arnold , Hogg Philip J. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
von Willebrand factor (VWF) is the protective carrier of procoagulant factor VIII (FVIII) in the shear forces of the circulation, prolonging its half-life and delivering it to the developing thrombus. Using force spectroscopy, VWF-FVIII complex formation is characterized by catch-bond behavior in which force first decelerates then accelerates bond dissociation. Patients with mutations in VWF at the FVIII binding site phenocopies hemophilia A and the most common mutations are of cysteine residues involving multiple disulfide bonds. From differential cysteine alkylation and mass spectrometry experiments, 13 VWF disulfide bonds at the FVIII binding site were found to exist in formed and unformed states, and binding of FVIII results in partial formation of 12 of the VWF bonds. Force spectroscopy studies indicate that the VWF-FVIII bond stiffens in response to force and this feature of the interaction is ablated when VWF disulfide bonds are prevented from forming, resulting in slip-only bond behavior. Exposure of VWF to pathological fluid shear forces ex vivo and in vivo causes partial cleavage of all 13 disulfide bonds, further supporting their malleable nature. These findings demonstrate that FVIII binding to VWF involves dynamic changes in the covalent states of several VWF disulfides that are required for productive interaction in physiological shear forces.
DeepMPM: a mortality risk prediction model using longitudinal EHR data
Authors: Yang Fan , Zhang Jian , Chen Wanyi , Lai Yongxuan , Wang Ying , Zou Quan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Accurate precision approaches have far not been developed for modeling mortality risk in intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Conventional mortality risk prediction methods can hardly extract the information in longitudinal electronic medical records (EHRs) effectively, since they simply aggregate the heterogeneous variables in EHRs, ignoring the complex relationship and interactions between variables and the time dependence in longitudinal records. Recently deep learning approaches have been widely used in modeling longitudinal EHR data. However, most existing deep learning-based risk prediction approaches only use the information of a single disease, neglecting the interactions between multiple diseases and different conditions.

Results
In this paper, we address this unmet need by leveraging disease and treatment information in EHRs to develop a mortality risk prediction model based on deep learning (DeepMPM). DeepMPM utilizes a two-level attention mechanism, i.e. visit-level and variable-level attention, to derive the representation of patient risk status from patient’s multiple longitudinal medical records. Benefiting from using EHR of patients with multiple diseases and different conditions, DeepMPM can achieve state-of-the-art performances in mortality risk prediction.

Conclusions
Experiment results on MIMIC III database demonstrates that with the disease and treatment information DeepMPM can achieve a good performance in terms of Area Under ROC Curve (0.85). Moreover, DeepMPM can successfully model the complex interactions between diseases to achieve better representation learning of disease and treatment than other deep learning approaches, so as to improve the accuracy of mortality prediction. A case study also shows that DeepMPM offers the potential to provide users with insights into feature correlation in data as well as model behavior for each prediction.
Histological and molecular responses of Vigna angularis to Uromyces vignae infection
Authors: Ke Xiwang , Wang Jie , Xu Xiaodan , Guo Yongxia , Zuo Yuhu , Yin Lihua 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
To advance the understanding of adzuki bean (Vigna angularis) resistance to infection with the rust-causing fungus Uromyces vignae (Uv), we comprehensively analyzed histological events and the transcriptome of Uv-infected adzuki bean.

Results
Compared with the susceptible cv. Baoqinghong (BQH), the resistant cv. QH1 showed inhibition of uredospore germination and substomatal vesicle development, intense autofluorescence of cells around the infection site, and cell wall deposit formation in response to Uv infection. In cv. QH1, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) showed enrichment of chitin catabolic processes and responses to biotic stimuli at 24 h post-inoculation (hpi) and cell wall modification and structural constituent of cytoskeleton at 48 hpi. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis indicated enrichment of WRKY transcription factors (TFs), the calcium binding protein cml, and hydroquinone glucosyltransferase at both 24 and 48 hpi. In total, 1992 and 557 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified at 24 and 48 hpi, respectively. Cell surface pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs), WRKY TFs, defense-associated pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins, and lignin and antimicrobial phenolic compound biosynthesis were significantly induced. Finally, we detected the chitinase (CHI) and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) activity were higher in QH1 and increased much earlier than in BQH.

Conclusion
In cv. QH1, cell-surface PRRs rapidly recognize Uv invasion and activate the corresponding TFs to increase the transcription of defense-related genes and corresponding enzymatic activities to prevent fungal development and spread in host tissues.
The effectiveness of case management for cancer patients: an umbrella review
Authors: Wang Nina , Chen Jia , Chen Wenjun , Shi Zhengkun , Yang Huaping , Liu Peng , Wei Xiao , Dong Xiangling , Wang Chen , Mao Ling , Li Xianhong 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Case management (CM) is widely utilized to improve health outcomes of cancer patients, enhance their experience of health care, and reduce the cost of care. While numbers of systematic reviews are available on the effectiveness of CM for cancer patients, they often arrive at discordant conclusions that may confuse or mislead the future case management development for cancer patients and relevant policy making. We aimed to summarize the existing systematic reviews on the effectiveness of CM in health-related outcomes and health care utilization outcomes for cancer patient care, and highlight the consistent and contradictory findings.

Methods
An umbrella review was conducted followed the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Umbrella Review methodology. We searched MEDLINE (Ovid), EMBASE (Ovid), PsycINFO, CINAHL, and Scopus for reviews published up to July 8th, 2022. Quality of each review was appraised with the JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for Systematic Reviews and Research Syntheses. A narrative synthesis was performed, the corrected covered area was calculated as a measure of overlap for the primary studies in each review. The results were reported followed the Preferred reporting items for overviews of systematic reviews checklist.

Results
Eight systematic reviews were included. Average quality of the reviews was high. Overall, primary studies had a slight overlap across the eight reviews (corrected covered area = 4.5%). No universal tools were used to measure the effect of CM on each outcome. Summarized results revealed that CM were more likely to improve symptom management, cognitive function, hospital (re)admission, treatment received compliance, and provision of timely treatment for cancer patients. Overall equivocal effect was reported on cancer patients’ quality of life, self-efficacy, survivor status, and satisfaction. Rare significant effect was reported on cost and length of stay.

Conclusions
CM showed mixed effects in cancer patient care. Future research should use standard guidelines to clearly describe details of CM intervention and its implementation. More primary studies are needed using high-quality well-powered designs to provide solid evidence on the effectiveness of CM. Case managers should consider applying validated and reliable tools to evaluate effect of CM in multifaced outcomes of cancer patient care.
Health services supervision in a protracted crisis: a qualitative study into supportive supervision practices in South Sudan
Authors: Lutwama George William , Sartison Lodi Joseph , Yugi James Onyango , Nehemiah Taban Nickson , Gwang Zechreya Micheal , Kibos Barbara Akita , Jacobs Eelco 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe health system in South Sudan faces extreme domestic resource constraints, low capacity, and protracted humanitarian crises. Supportive supervision is believed to improve the quality of health care and service delivery by compensating for flaws in health workforce management. This study aimed to explore the current supervision practices in South Sudan and identify areas for quality improvement.MethodsThe study employed qualitative approaches to collect and analyse data from six purposefully selected counties. Data were collected from 194 participants using semi-structured interviews (43 health managers) and focus group discussions (151 health workers). Thematic content analysis was used to yield an in-depth understanding of the supervision practices in the health sector.ResultsThe study found that integrated supportive supervision and monitoring visits were the main approaches used for health services supervision in South Sudan. Supportive supervision focused more on health system administration and less on clinical matters. Although fragmented, supportive supervision was carried out quarterly, while monitoring visits were either conducted monthly or ad hoc. Prioritization for supportive supervision was mainly data driven. Paper-based checklists were the most commonly used supervision tools. Many supervisors had no formal training on supportive supervision and only learned on the job. The health workers received on-site verbal feedback and, most times, on-the-job training sessions through coaching and mentorship. Action plans developed during supervision were inadequately followed up due to insufficient funding. Insecurity, poor road networks, lack of competent health managers, poor coordination, and lack of adequate means of transport were some of the challenges experienced during supervision. The presumed outcomes of supportive supervision were improvements in human resource management, drug management, health data reporting, teamwork, and staff respect for one another.ConclusionSupportive supervision remains a daunting task in the South Sudan health sector due to a combination of external and health system factors. Our study findings suggest that strengthening the processes and providing inputs for supervision should be prioritized if quality improvement is to be attained. This necessitates stronger stewardship from the Ministry of Health, integration of different supervision practices, investment in the capacity of the health workforce, and health infrastructure development.
Advances in the modulation of ROS and transdermal administration for anti-psoriatic nanotherapies
Authors: Xu Jiangmei , Chen Hao , Qian Haisheng , Wang Fei , Xu Yunsheng 
Published: October 2022

AbstractReactive oxygen species (ROS) at supraphysiological concentration have a determinate role in contributing to immuno-metabolic disorders in the epithelial immune microenvironment (EIME) of psoriatic lesions. With an exclusive focus on the gene-oxidative stress environment interaction in the EIME, a comprehensive strategy based on ROS-regulating nanomedicines is greatly anticipated to become the mainstay of anti-psoriasis treatment. This potential therapeutic modality could inhibit the acceleration of psoriasis via remodeling the redox equilibrium and reshaping the EIME. Herein, we present a marked overview of the current progress in the pathomechanisms of psoriasis, with particular concerns on the potential pathogenic role of ROS, which significantly dysregulates redox metabolism of keratinocytes (KCs) and skin-resident or -infiltrating cells. Meanwhile, the emergence of versatile nanomaterial-guided evolution for transdermal drug delivery has been attractive for the percutaneous administration of antipsoriatic therapies in recent years. We emphasize the underlying molecular mechanism of ROS-based nanoreactors for improved therapeutic outcomes against psoriasis and summarize up-to-date progress relating to the advantages and limitations of nanotherapeutic application for transdermal administration, as well as update an insight into potential future directions for nanotherapies in ROS-related skin diseases.
Graphical Abstract