bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A cross-sectional study of male and female kissing partners among men who have sex with men
Authors: Chow Eric P. F. , Phillips Tiffany R. , Tran Julien , Aung Ei T. , Maddaford Kate , Fairley Christopher K. 
Published: March 2022

Background Kissing may be a risk factor for gonorrhoea. Past studies have focused on male kissing partners among men who have sex with men (MSM). This study aimed to examine the kissing practices of MSM who kiss male and female partners. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional survey at the Melbourne Sexual Health Centre (MSHC) between March and April 2019. Men attending the MSHC, aged ≥16 years who reported any sexual contact with another man in the previous 12 months were invited to participate in the survey. Data about the number of kissing-only (kissing without sex), kissing-with-sex, and sex-only (having sex without kissing) partners in the previous 3 months were collected. Men were asked to report the number of male and female partners separately. Results There were 357 MSM included in the survey. Most men (97.2%, n = 347) had kissed or had sex with another man, whereas 16.0% (n = 57) had kissed or had sex with a female partner in the previous 3 months. Of the 57 men, 26.3% (n = 15) had only kissed a female partner without having sex. The mean number of male partners for kissing-only was 5.5 (s.d. = 6.6), kissing-with-sex was 5.0 (s.d. = 6.6) and sex-only was 3.9 (s.d. = 4.3). The mean number of female partners for kissing-only was 4.2 (s.d. = 6.9), kissing-with-sex was 3.8 (s.d. = 4.9) and sex-only was 3.2 (s.d. = 3.4). Conclusion MSM not only kiss men in the absence of sex, but also kiss women in the absence of sex. Gonorrhoea could be transmitted between MSM and women via kissing in the absence of sex.
Biodiversity and infrastructure interact to drive tourism to and within Costa Rica
Authors: Echeverri Alejandra , Smith Jeffrey R. , MacArthur-Waltz Dylan , Lauck Katherine S. , Anderson Christopher B. , Monge Vargas Rafael , Alvarado Quesada Irene , Wood Spencer A. , Chaplin-Kramer Rebecca , Daily Gretchen C. 
Published: March 2022

SignificanceTourism accounts for roughly 10% of global gross domestic product, with nature-based tourism its fastest-growing sector in the past 10 years. Nature-based tourism can theoretically contribute to local and sustainable development by creating attractive livelihoods that support biodiversity conservation, but whether tourists prefer to visit more biodiverse destinations is poorly understood. We examine this question in Costa Rica and find that more biodiverse places tend indeed to attract more tourists, especially where there is infrastructure that makes these places more accessible. Safeguarding terrestrial biodiversity is critical to preserving the substantial economic benefits that countries derive from tourism. Investments in both biodiversity conservation and infrastructure are needed to allow biodiverse countries to rely on tourism for their sustainable development.
The modal particle elicitation test
Authors: Reimer Laura 
Published: March 2022

AbstractGerman modal particles (MPs) show semantic, pragmatic, and syntactic peculiarities which make them specifically interesting for research on language processing. However, so far, there are no tests available that reliably elicit MPs in order to study their production in different groups of speakers. This paper presents the Modal Particle Elicitation Test – MoPET. Based on simple contexts and black and white drawings, it is the first test that elicits a wide range of MPs by incorporating the semantic, pragmatic, and syntactic peculiarities of MPs. The goal of this paper is to evaluate whether the test reliably elicits MPs in adult German L1 speakers, in order to use it for research on different speakers (e.g., patients and L1/L2 learners) in the future. Results of a pilot study with 27 adult native speakers of German demonstrate that the test reliably elicits a wide range of nineteen different MPs and a wide range of different sentence types that are strongly interconnected with the use of MPs. Crucially, each of the twelve critical scenes of the test elicited at least one MP, and each participant produced at least one MP, which also makes the test suitable for diagnostic purposes.
Role of long-range correlations in high harmonic generation in disordered systems
Authors: Zeng Ai-Wu , Bian Xue-Bin 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The mechanism of high harmonic generation (HHG) from condensed matter driven by ultrafast lasers is far from being understood due to the structural diversity and complexity. One of the long-standing open questions is the effect of random disorder in noncrystal HHG. In this work, we identify the critical role of correlations in disordered semiconductor systems and propose them as the criterion to classify the HHG processes. The HHG spectra can be classified into two different categories corresponding to different correlations: short-range correlation and long-range correlation (LRC). Thus correlations build up a solid relationship between the HHG emission and statistical characteristics of a disordered system. In particular, the HHG spectrum from the disordered system with LRC exhibits remarkable consistency with the spectrum from the periodic lattice, revealing that the LRC links HHG processes in disordered and periodic systems. Besides, the mobility edge induced by the long-range correlated disorder enables us to study the behavior of localized- and delocalized-state HHG in one system.
Nonlinear optical properties of spherical MoS2/TiO2 composite at visible wavelengths
Authors: Xiao Si , Xin Hao , Ma HaiMing , Wang Chang , Ma Ying , He Jun 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Optical nonlinear absorption and refraction of spherical MoS2/TiO2 nanocomposites were measured using Z-scan and spatial self-phase modulation (SSPM) at different wavelengths. The linear absorption spectra showed that MoS2/TiO2 nanocomposite had obvious absorption at 500–700 nm, which was mainly attributed to the shape of MoS2 and demonstrated by the finite-difference time-domain method. For nonlinear absorption, MoS2/TiO2 composite showed enhanced two-photon absorption with high photon energy excitation (400 nm), and a tunable saturated single-photon absorption with low photon energy excitation (700 nm). For nonlinear refraction, it had no SSPM signal with short wavelength, but enhanced SSPM signal with long wavelength in visible band. These unconventional phenomena can be explained by the change of main absorber and the reversal of carriers transfer direction together.
Evidence of hybridization states at the donor/acceptor interface: case of m-MTDATA/PPT
Authors: Zhang Teng , Wang Tingting , Grazioli Cesare , Guarnaccio Ambra , Brumboiu Iulia Emilia , Johansson Fredrik O L , Beranová Klára , Coreno Marcello , de Simone Monica , Brena Barbara , Liu Liwei , Wang Yeliang , Puglia Carla 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We performed a spectroscopic study on the m-MTDATA (donor) and PPT (acceptor) molecular vertical heterostructure. The electronic properties of the donor/acceptor interface have been comprehensively characterized by synchrotron radiation-based photoelectron spectroscopy and near-edge x-ray absorption fine structure. The spectroscopic results reveal the existence of new hybridization states in the original molecular energy gap, likely attributed to the interaction between the donor and the acceptor molecules at the interface. Such hybridized states can have a significant impact on the charge transport in organic electronic devices based on donor–acceptor molecules and can explain the increased efficiency of device using such molecules.
Making copper, silver and gold fullerene cages breathe
Authors: Zhao W , Jones R M , D’Agosta R , Baletto F 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We show that optical properties change when the fullerene structures of Au32, Cu32 and Ag32 inflate and deflate. We first observe significant differences in the extinction spectra employing a classical approach based on the Green’s dyadic method. By means of real-time time-dependent density functional theory. We continue to calculate the optical spectrum (OP) via a δ-kick simulation, comparing results with the ground-state energetic property the HOMO–LUMO (HL) gap. Red-shift of the OP is expected as the fullerenes inflate, with only ±10% change in the size. As the fullerene breathes, a 0.8 eV shift in the first peak position could be observed in the gold nanoparticle. Ag has a smoother behaviour than both Au and Cu. We have also found changes in the optical spectra can not be directly interpreted as a result of changes in the HL gap.
The effect of near-surface electron trapping layer on the acetone sensing performance of black TiO2 capped with ZnO
Authors: Feng Yangchun , Yang Wangyang , Li Yufang , Shen Honglie 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In recent years, high-performance acetone gas sensors have attracted great attention for their potential in noninvasive blood glucose monitoring. In this work, black TiO2 (B-TiO2) was introduced as an electron trapping layer between TiO2 and ZnO to form TiO2@B-TiO2@ZnO core–shell nanoparticles, through a simple and safe method. The acetone sensing performance of TiO2@B-TiO2@ZnO varied with the thickness of ZnO. Because of the electron trapping effect of the introduced B-TiO2 layer, the best performing sample exhibited a low optimal operating temperature of 275 °C and a high response of 49.25–50 ppm acetone. In addition, a low detection limit of 170 ppb was obtained. The pretty selectivity of the sample was also been proved. The mechanism of enhanced acetone response was explained by the energy band-based model of TiO2@B-TiO2@ZnO core–shell nanoparticle and depletion layer theory.
Germanium nanowire microbolometer
Authors: Bartmann M G , Sistani M , Luhmann N , Schmid S , Bertagnolli E , Lugstein A , Smoliner J 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Near-infrared detection is widely used for nondestructive and non-contact inspections in various areas, including thermography, environmental and chemical analysis as well as food and medical diagnoses. Common room temperature bolometer-type infrared sensors are based on architectures in the μm range, limiting miniaturization for future highly integrated ‘More than Moore’ concepts. In this work, we present a first principle study on a highly scalable and CMOS compatible bolometer-type detector utilizing Ge nanowires as the thermal sensitive element. For this approach, we implemented the Ge nanowires on top of a low thermal conducting and highly absorptive membrane as a near infrared (IR) sensor element. We adopted a freestanding membrane coated with an impedance matched platinum absorber demonstrating wavelength independent absorptivity of 50% in the near to mid IR regime. The electrical characteristics of the device were measured depending on temperature and biasing conditions. A strong dependence of the resistance on the temperature was shown with a maximum temperature coefficient of resistance of −0.07 K−1 at T = 100 K. Heat transport simulations using COMSOL were used to optimize the responsivity and temporal response, which are in good agreement with the experimental results. Further, lock-in measurements were used to benchmark the bolometer device at room temperature with respect to detectivity and noise equivalent power. Finally, we demonstrated that by operating the bolometer with a network of parallel nanowires, both detectivity and noise equivalent power can be effectively improved.
Clinical potential of pupillary light reflex and heart rate variability parameters as objective indicators of tonsillectomy-induced pain
Authors: Hatsukawa Hiroatsu , Ishikawa Masaaki 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Objective. Establishing objective indicators of subjective pain intensity is important in pain assessment. Pupillary light reflex (PLR) and heart rate variability (HRV) indicate autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity and may serve as pain indicators because pain can affect ANS activity. In this prospective longitudinal study, we aimed to investigate the potential of PLR/HRV parameters as objective indicators of subjective pain intensity after tonsillectomy. Approach. Sixty-seven patients undergoing tonsillectomy were enrolled. Subjective pain intensity based on a numeric rating scale (NRS) and eight PLR/HRV parameters were assessed at five time points. We investigated the changes in the NRS values over time. We estimated regression coefficients reflecting parameter changes per unit change in the NRS score using linear mixed-effects models. Main Results. The mean NRS score was 0 at two pre-surgery time points, 5 on postoperative days (PODs) 1 and 2, and 0 at postoperative week 3. Two parameters (initial pupil size [INIT] and constriction latency [LAT]) showed significant changes on POD1 and POD2 in comparison to baseline data measured at the pre-surgery time point. Among these parameters, only LAT showed no significant changes between POD1 and POD2. Significant regression coefficients with the narrowest 95% confidence intervals were observed for INIT and LAT. Increased NRS scores were associated with decreased INIT and shortened LAT. Significance. LAT was a robust indicator of subjective pain intensity. Our patients showed decreased INIT with increased NRS scores, indicating the predominance of the parasympathetic, not sympathetic, tone in pupils. Further studies are required to investigate factors causing this predominance.
Effects of precursor powder particle size on the powder-in-tube Ba1−xKxFe2As2 superconducting tapes
Authors: Chen Yuzhuo , Li Wenchao , Liu Cong , Huang He , Yao Chao , Zhang Xianping , Wang Dongliang , Liu Fang , Liu Huajun , Ma Yanwei 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we studied the effects of precursor powder particle size on Ag-sheathed powder-in-tube Ba1−xKxFe2As2 (Ba-122) superconducting tapes. Precursor powders with different particle sizes were prepared by changing the grinding time of calcined bulks. We systematically investigated the relationship between particle size of precursor powder, microstructure and superconducting properties of tapes. For short grinding time, the uneven particle size distribution damages the interface between Ba-122 core and Ag sheath, resulting in distinct sausage effect and decline of mass density of the Ba-122 core, causing severe fluctuation for the transport current density (J
c). Then with the extension of grinding time, the transport J
c becomes more uniform due to the improved homogeneity but lower with the reduction of average particle size from 21.5 to 9.5 μm. The J
c of samples made with precursor powders by grinding 20 min reaches 5 × 104 A cm−2 at 4.2 K and 10 T. It has been shown that the coarse grains are easier to align along the rolling direction of tapes and lead to a higher degree of c-axis texture. Our results demonstrated the importance of controlling the homogeneity and particle size of precursor powders in achieving superior J
c for iron-based superconducting tapes.
Turnover rates of regenerated forests challenge restoration efforts in the Brazilian Atlantic forest
Authors: Piffer Pedro Ribeiro , Rosa Marcos Reis , Tambosi Leandro Reverberi , Metzger Jean Paul , Uriarte María 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Natural forest regeneration is a key component of global ecosystem restoration scenarios. Regenerated forests, however, may not persist and a better understanding of the drivers of forest persistence is critical to ensure the success of restoration efforts. We used 35 years of detailed land cover maps to quantify forest regeneration and study the drivers of regenerated forest persistence and longevity in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, a restoration hotspot. We mapped over 4.47 Mha of native forest regenerated in the region between 1985 and 2019, of which, two thirds persisted until 2019 (3.1 Mha). However, mean age of ephemeral (i.e. cleared before 2019) forest regeneration was only 7.9 years, suggesting a rapid turnover of regrowing forests under certain conditions. Regenerated forests had greater longevity and probability of persistence in steeper slopes, close to rivers and existing forests, near permanent agriculture, and in areas with higher Gross Development Product and agricultural yield, but were less likely to persist in areas with higher rural-urban population ratios. Regeneration occurred predominantly in pasturelands and areas of shifting agriculture, but it was also less likely to persist within these dynamic landscapes. Specific public policies should stimulate forest regeneration in areas of consolidated agriculture, where forest permanence tends to be higher. The ephemerality of forest regeneration in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest highlights the importance of favorable conditions and policies that promote second-growth forest persistence in tropical regions. Conservation of regenerating forests is critical for meeting national and global restoration and climate mitigation goals.
Creating energy and resource saving longitudinal pawls forming device between cotton rows
Authors: Juraev A A , Tukhtakuziyev A , Olimov Kh Kh , Ostonov Sh S , Orziev S S 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The article describes the technological process of forming a longitudinal pawl between the rows of cotton and the basic requirements for the implementation of equipment. The results of scientific research on the development of energy and resource-saving devices for the formation of longitudinal pawls between the rows of cotton and their introduction into agricultural production are described.
Theoretical and experimental substantiation of the applicability of PTFE-4 for sealing movable seals in vacuum milking systems
Authors: Zakharin A V , Lebedev P A , Lebedev A T , Pavlyk R V 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The article describes the results of theoretical calculations of the loads acting on the radial surface of the blade of a plate-type vacuum pump used in milking systems. On the basis of experimental studies of Fluoroplast-4, its use for sealing highly loaded movable seals in vacuum systems is substantiated. The results of experimental studies on the dependence of the actual contact area and specific pressure on the load of 0-100 N are presented. An analysis of the data showed that in the range of loads of 0 to 10 N, the dependence is almost linear. In the range of 20 to 100 N, the specific pressure reaches a limiting value and ranges from 47.3 to 57.8 MPa, i.e. it stabilizes. These data indicate that for sealing the most loaded and critical movable seals in milking vacuum systems, it is possible to use Fluoroplast-4.
Researching operational reliability of key combine systems in Stavropol Territory
Authors: Pavlyuk R V , Zaharin A V , Gevora Y I , Iskenderov R R 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The paper analyzes the performance parameters of the main systems of combine harvesters by the example of ordinary farms in the Stavropol Territory. For a detailed determination of the indicators of using combine harvesters, the method of timing the work of this type of agricultural machinery and accounting and statistical documentation of farms were used. The data of continuous and selective timing together with the data from primary documentation of farms allowed obtaining the information on the indicators of use and reliability of combine harvesters when harvesting grain crops in the ordinary operation. The timing of the work of the combines was carried out during the harvesting season of 2015-2019 in the territory of the Stavropol Territory, which included two types of harvesting - continuous and selective. 86 combine harvesters were put under surveillance. A significant proportion of the occurring failures was accounted for the harvesting part, mechanical transmissions, various hydraulic systems, threshing tools, electrical and electronic controls. Based on experimental studies, the distribution of occurring failures of combine harvesters in the course of their work is mounted. Recovery times for such systems can be long.
Efficient use of agricultural machinery park and improvement of technical services system
Authors: Igamberdiyev A K , Kholikova N , Khakimov B , Usmanov E , Usmanova G , Sh Begaliyev A 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The article is devoted to the effective use of agricultural machinery to improve the system and technical services and solve the problems posed. To do this, in the Tashkent region, the Bekabad district, there are agrotechnical solutions for a number of analyses, especially technically modern, park equipment, which has extremely complex structures, and the effective use of agrotechnical services recommended for improving the system and proposals.
A calculation model for determining the agricultural crops water consumption for resource-saving irrigation regimes
Authors: Olgarenko I V , Olgarenko V I , Olgarenko G V , Ig Olgarenko V 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Scientific and technical progress in the development of land reclamation substantiates the urgent need in implementation of a new methodological approach for developing and implementing the processes for resource-saving water use in general, including irrigation of agricultural crops. The essence of the method is that all above-mentioned processes should be substantiated with the ecological-landscape approach methodology, taking into account progressive knowledge both in the accompanying natural sciences and in the reclamation industry that ensures minimal anthropogenic loads on the environment components and the creation of a healthy environmental situation in agricultural landscapes. Empirical dependences of various crops evapotranspiration and the actual moisture supply of the soil root layer have been determined for the corresponding phases of plant development by long-term experimental studies on the irrigation systems of the North Caucasus region for various soil and climatic irrigation zones, followed by comparison of the data obtained with the potential evapotranspiration data at the corresponding meteorological stations. Data analysis shows that the calculated absolute data values of the correlation coefficients between the compared values of the studied parameters vary in a wide range from 0.34 to 0.98, and obtained empirical dependencies are generally described by nonlinear mathematical equations. Comparison between the methods for determining the parameters under study has shown that calculation according to Alpatev gives significant errors; calculation according Kharchenko, while generally satisfactory, allows for unacceptable deviations in particular solutions; calculation according to the proposed model shows good results with acceptable deviations in all cases.
Monovalent selective membrane for electrodialysis desalination of water for agriculture
Authors: Tsygurina K , Sarapulova V , Kirichenko E , Kirichenko K 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Agriculture is the world’s largest consumer of water accounting for about 70% of freshwater withdrawals. Faced with scarcity of pure water, it results in need in desalination to produce water for agricultural needs from brackish water, seawater or polluted sources. Widely used technologies reduce total salinity decreasing also the levels of calcium, magnesium, sulphates and phosphates required for normal growth of plants. Recently a layer-by-layer adsorption of charged polymers was proposed for creation of functional materials that would preferentially remove monovalent ions such as Na+ and Cl−. Our previous studies demonstrated the creation of cation selective membrane basing on affordable heterogeneous cation exchange membrane that specifically separated Na+ from Na+/Ca2+ mixed solution during electrodialysis. Further characterization showed that, in addition to the expected increase in specific selectivity with respect to singly charged counterions, there was an increase in the overall selectivity with respect to counterions. We provide data from measurements of electrical conductivity, diffusion permeability, and the results of calculating the transport numbers of counterions, demonstrating an increase in selectivity.