bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Performance of High Yielding Sweet Potato Varieties under Different Seasons
Authors: Mary Jeena , Prameela P. , Menon Syama S. , Vijayan V. Divya 
Published: October 2022

In sweet potato, though a number of high yielding varieties are available for cultivation, there is lack of information on suitability of various varieties to different seasons. The results of the study will be useful to recommend varieties ideal for different seasons. Field experiments were conducted during Kharif, Rabi and Summer seasons from 2021 to 2022 with an objective to assess the seasonal influence on growth and tuber yield of five sweet potato varieties [High yielding varieties were Bhu Krishna (V1), Sree Arun (V2), Sree Bhadra (V3), Bhu Sona (V4) and local variety was Kanjanghad Local (V5)]. Randomized Block Design was followed with four replications. Variety Bhu Sona recorded significantly the highest vine length (211.38 cm) compared to other varieties and variety Sree Bhadra (114.71 cm) and variety Kanjanghad Local (112.54 cm) recorded significantly lower vine length. Sree Arun and Bhu Sona were the superior varieties and recorded significantly higher average tuber weight (236.77 g/plant and 219.14 g/plant, respectively), tuber yield per plant (514.65 g/plant and 404.22 g/plant, respectively) and tuber yield per ha (18.92 tha-1 and 15.96 tha-1, respectively). Rabi season was found ideal for all sweet potato varieties with higher average tuber weight (188.96 g/plant) and tuber yield per ha (20.17 tha-1). Per cent contribution of total dry matter to tuber dry matter was more in Rabi season for Sree Arun and Sree Bhadra varieties. Among the varieties, Sree Arun can be recommended for Rabi and Summer seasons and Bhu Sona for Kharif season.
Impact of ASEAN- India Free Trade Agreement (AIFTA) on Palm Oil Trade
Authors: Lakshmi B. Teena , Shivakumar K. M. , Kumar D. Suresh , Mahendran K. , Suresh J. 
Published: October 2022

Aims: To analyse the trade creation and trade diversion effect of the ASEAN-India Free Trade Agreement (AIFTA) on palm oil trade among the member countries.
Data and Methodology: Data on palm oil exports of major Association of South East Asian countries (ASEAN) member countries such as Indonesia (64.10%), Malaysia (31.52%), Thailand (2.18%), Singapore (1.95%) and Philippines (0.25%) were collected for the period of 21 years (2000–2020) and used for the analysis. The Gravity model by Ordinary Least Square (OLS) and Poisson Pseudo-Maximum Likelihood (PPML) methods were estimated with the panel data.
Results: As expected gravity model variables the distance had a negative impact on the palm oil trade between India and ASEAN member countries. The tariff rates and export prices had a negative impact on the palm oil trade whereas; the population of ASEAN members (exporters), GDP of ASEAN members and exchange rate were insignificant. The AIFTA had a positive and significant effect on the palm oil trade from ASEAN member countries to India which denoted the trade creation effect between ASEAN members and India.
Conclusion: The analysis showed a pure trade creation effect of AIFTA in the time and country fixed effect model. The results suggested that the palm oil trade could be pushed for further trade liberalisation in the AIFTA.
Association Between In-Person vs Telehealth Follow-up and Rates of Repeated Hospital Visits Among Patients Seen in the Emergency Department
Authors: Shah Vivek V. , Villaflores Chad W. , Chuong Linh H. , Leuchter Richard K. , Kilaru Austin S. , Vangala Sitaram , Sarkisian Catherine A. 
Published: October 2022

ImportanceFor patients discharged from the emergency department (ED), timely outpatient in-person follow-up is associated with improved mortality, but the effectiveness of telehealth as follow-up modality is unknown.ObjectiveTo evaluate whether the rates of ED return visits and hospitalization differ between patients who obtain in-person vs telehealth encounters for post-ED follow-up care.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis retrospective cohort study included adult patients who presented to either of 2 in-system EDs of a single integrated urban academic health system from April 1, 2020, to September 30, 2021; were discharged home; and obtained a follow-up appointment with a primary care physician within 14 days of their index ED visit (15 total days).ExposuresIn-person vs telehealth post–ED discharge follow-up within 14 days.Main Outcomes and MeasuresMultivariable logistic regression was used to estimate the odds of ED return visits (primary outcome) or hospitalization (secondary outcome) within 30 days of an ED visit based on the modality of post–ED discharge follow-up. Models were adjusted for age, sex, primary language, race, ethnicity, Social Vulnerability Index, insurance type, distance to the ED, ambulatory billing codes for the index visit, and the time from ED discharge to follow-up.ResultsOverall, 12 848 patients with 16 987 ED encounters (mean [SD] age, 53 [20] years; 9714 [57%] women; 2009 [12%] Black or African American; 3806 [22%] Hispanic or Latinx; and 9858 [58%] White) were included; 11 818 (70%) obtained in-person follow-up, and 5169 (30%) obtained telehealth follow-up. Overall, 2802 initial ED encounters (17%) led to returns to the ED, and 676 (4%) led to subsequent hospitalization. In adjusted analyses, telehealth vs in-person follow-up visits were associated with increased rates of ED returns (28.3 [95% CI, 11.3-45.3] more ED returns per 1000 encounters) and hospitalizations (10.6 [95% CI, 2.9-18.3] more hospitalizations per 1000 encounters).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cohort study of patients in an urban integrated health care system, those with telehealth follow-up visits after an ED encounter were more likely to return to the ED and be hospitalized than patients with in-person follow-up. The use of telehealth warrants further evaluation to examine its effectiveness as a modality for continuing care after an initial ED presentation for acute illness.
Assessment of Cystatin C Level for Risk Stratification in Adults With Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Lees Jennifer S. , Rutherford Elaine , Stevens Kathryn I. , Chen Debbie C. , Scherzer Rebecca , Estrella Michelle M. , Sullivan Michael K. , Ebert Natalie , Mark Patrick B. , Shlipak Michael G. 
Published: October 2022

ImportanceKidney function is usually estimated from serum creatinine level, whereas an alternative glomerular filtration marker (cystatin C level) associates more closely with future risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality.ObjectivesTo evaluate whether testing concordance between estimated glomerular filtration rates based on cystatin C (eGFRcys) and creatinine (eGFRcr) levels would improve risk stratification for future outcomes and whether estimations differ by age.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsA prospective population-based cohort study (UK Biobank), with participants recruited between 2006-2010 with median follow-up of 11.5 (IQR, 10.8-12.2) years; data were collected until August 31, 2020. Participants had eGFRcr greater than or equal to 45 mL/min/1.73 m2, albuminuria (albumin &amp;lt;30 mg/g), and no preexisting CVD or kidney failure.ExposuresChronic kidney disease status was categorized by concordance between eGFRcr and eGFRcys across the threshold for hronic kidney disease (CKD) diagnosis (60 mL/min/1.73 m2).Main Outcomes and MeasuresTen-year probabilities of CVD, mortality, and kidney failure were assessed according to CKD status. Multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazards models tested associations between CVD and mortality. Area under the receiving operating curve tested discrimination of eGFRcr and eGFRcys for CVD and mortality. The Net Reclassification Index assessed the usefulness of eGFRcr and eGFRcys for CVD risk stratification. Analyses were stratified by older (age 65-73 years) and younger (age &amp;lt;65 years) age.ResultsThere were 428 402 participants: median age was 57 (IQR, 50-63) years and 237 173 (55.4%) were women. Among 76 629 older participants, there were 9335 deaths and 5205 CVD events. Among 351 773 younger participants, there were 14 776 deaths and 9328 CVD events. The 10-year probability of kidney failure was less than 0.1%. Regardless of the eGFRcr, the 10-year probabilities of CVD and mortality were low when eGFRcys was greater than or equal to 60 mL/min/1.73 m2; conversely, with eGFRcys less than 60 mL/min/1.73 m2, 10-year risks were nearly doubled in older adults and more than doubled in younger adults. Use of eGFRcys better discriminated CVD and mortality risk than eGFRcr. Across a 7.5% 10-year risk threshold for CVD, eGFRcys improved case Net Reclassification Index by 0.7% (95% CI, 0.6%-0.8%) in older people and 0.7% (95% CI, 0.7%-0.8%) in younger people; eGFRcr did not add to CVD risk estimation.Conclusions and RelevanceThe findings of this study suggest that eGFRcr 45 to 59 mL/min/1.73 m2 includes a proportion of individuals at low risk and fails to capture a substantial proportion of individuals at high-risk for CVD and mortality. The eGFRcys appears to be more sensitive and specific for CVD and mortality risks in mild CKD.
Associations of Cardiometabolic Multimorbidity With All-Cause and Coronary Heart Disease Mortality Among Black Adults in the Jackson Heart Study
Authors: Joseph Joshua J. , Rajwani Aakash , Roper Daniel , Zhao Songzhu , Kline David , Odei James , Brock Guy , Echouffo-Tcheugui Justin B. , Kalyani Rita R. , Bertoni Alain G. , Effoe Valery S. , Sims Mario , Wu Wen-Chi , Wand Gary S. , Golden Sherita H. 
Published: October 2022

ImportanceA combination of diabetes, coronary heart disease (CHD), and stroke has multiplicative all-cause mortality risk compared with any individual morbidity in White populations, but there is a lack of studies in Black populations in the US.ObjectiveTo examine the association of cardiometabolic multimorbidity (diabetes, stroke, and CHD) individually and collectively with all-cause and CHD mortality.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cohort study included Black adults in the Jackson Heart Study followed over a median of 15 years. Baseline examinations were performed between 2000 and 2004, with follow-up on all-cause and CHD mortality through May 31, 2018. Participants were categorized into mutually exclusive groups at baseline: (1) free of cardiometabolic morbidity, (2) diabetes, (3) CHD, (4) stroke, (5) diabetes and stroke, (6) CHD and stroke, (7) diabetes and CHD, and (8) diabetes, stroke, and CHD. Data were analyzed from 2019 to 2021.ExposureCardiometabolic disease alone or in combination.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe main outcomes were all-cause mortality and CHD mortality. Cox models estimated hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% CIs adjusted for sociodemographic and cardiovascular risk factors.ResultsAmong 5064 participants (mean [SD] age, 55.4 [12.8] years; 3200 [63%] women) in the Jackson Heart Study, 897 (18%) had diabetes, 192 (4%) had CHD, and 104 (2%) had a history of stroke. Among participants with cardiometabolic morbidities, the crude all-cause mortality rates were lowest for diabetes alone (24.4 deaths per 1000 person-years) and highest for diabetes, CHD, and stroke combined (84.1 deaths per 1000 person-years). For people with only 1 cardiometabolic morbidity, risk for all-cause mortality was highest for people with stroke (HR, 1.74; 95% CI, 1.24-2.42), followed by CHD (HR, 1.59 (95% CI, 1.22-2.08) and diabetes (HR, 1.50; 95% CI, 1.22-1.85), compared with no cardiometabolic morbidities. There were also increased risks of mortality with combinations of diabetes and stroke (HR, 1.71; 95% CI, 1.09-2.68), CHD and stroke (HR, 2.23; 95% CI, 1.35-3.69), and diabetes and CHD (HR, 2.28; 95% CI, 1.65-3.15). The combination of diabetes, stroke, and CHD was associated with the highest all-cause mortality (HR, 3.68; 95% CI, 1.96-6.93). Findings were similar for CHD mortality, but with a larger magnitude of association (eg, diabetes, stroke, and CHD: HR, 13.52; 95% CI, 3.38-54.12).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cohort study, an increasing number of cardiometabolic multimorbidities was associated with a multiplicative increase in risk of all-cause mortality among Black adults, with a greater magnitude of association for CHD mortality.
Probing the Mechanically Stable Solid Electrolyte Interphase and the Implications in Design Strategies
Authors: Gao Yao , Zhang Biao 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe inevitable volume expansion of secondary battery anodes during cycling imposes forces on the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI). The battery performance is closely related to the capability of SEI to maintain intact under the cyclic loading conditions, which basically boils down to the mechanical properties of SEI. The volatile and complex nature of SEI as well as its nanoscale thickness and environmental sensitivity make the interpretation of its mechanical behavior many roadblocks. Widely varied approaches are adopted to investigate the mechanical properties of SEI, and diverse opinions are generated. The lack of consensus at both technical and theoretical levels has hindered the development of effective design strategies to maximize the mechanical stability of SEIs. Here, the essential and desirable mechanical properties of SEI, the available mechanical characterization methods, and important issues meriting attention for higher test accuracy are outlined. Previous attempts to optimize battery performance by tuning SEI mechanical properties are also scrutinized, inconsistencies in these efforts are elucidated, and the underlying causes are explored. Finally, a set of research protocols is proposed to accelerate the achievement of superior battery cycling performance by improving the mechanical stability of SEI.
Heterogeneous Strain Distribution Based Programmable Gated Microchannel for Ultrasensitive and Stable Strain Sensing
Authors: Luo Yongsong , Chen Xiaoliang , Li Xiangming , Tian Hongmiao , Li Sheng , Wang Liang , He Juan , Yang Zhengbing , Shao Jinyou 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDeveloping highly sensitive strain sensors requires conduction pathways capable of rapidly switching between disconnection and reconnection in response to strain. Ion channels in living organisms exactly control the channel switch through protein‐composed gates, achieving changeable ion currents. Herein, inspired by the gating characteristics of the ion channels, a programmable fluidic strain sensor enhanced by gating ion pathways through heterogeneous strain distribution of discrete micropillars is proposed. During stretching, the contraction and closure of the widthwise gaps between discrete micropillars greatly weaken or even nearly cut off the conduction pathway, resulting in orders of magnitude increase in resistance and thus ultrahigh sensitivity. By adjusting the combination form and structural parameters of the discrete micropillars in the fluidic channel, the sensitivity and strain range can be customized. Thus, a gauge factor of up to 45 300 and a stretch range of 590% are obtained. Benefiting from the fluidic gating mechanism, no mechanical mismatch can be observed at the interface, breaking through the sensing stability issue of flexible sensors. The proposed sensor can be used to detect the full range of human motion, and integrated into a data glove to achieve human–machine interaction.
Ultrastrong, Thermally Stable, and Food‐Safe Seaweed‐Based Structural Material for Tableware
Authors: Li De‐Han , Han Zi‐Meng , He Qian , Yang Kun‐Peng , Sun Wen‐Bin , Liu Hao‐Cheng , Zhao Yu‐Xiang , Liu Zhao‐Xiang , Zong Chen‐Na‐Yan , Yang Huai‐Bin , Guan Qing‐Fang , Yu Shu‐Hong 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWidely used disposable plastic tableware is usually buried or directly discharged into the natural environment after using, which poses potential threats to the natural environment and human health. To solve this problem, nondegradable plastic tableware needs to be replaced by tableware composed of biodegradable structural materials with both food safety and the excellent mechanical and thermal properties. Here, a food‐safe sargassum cellulose nanofiber (SCNF) is extracted from common seaweed in an efficient and low energy consuming way under mild reaction conditions. Then, by assembling the SCNF into a dense bulk material, a strong sargassum cellulose nanofiber structural material (SCNSM) with high strength (283 MPa) and high thermal stability (>160 °C) can be prepared. The SCNSM also possesses good machinability, which can be processed into tableware with different shapes, e.g., knives and forks. The overall performance of the SCNSM‐based tableware is better than commercial plastic, wood‐based, and poly(lactic acid) tableware, which shows great application potential in the tableware field.
Hydrophobicity regulation by a facial bromine substitution in MIL‐47(V) for highly selective adsorptive desulfurization
Authors: Xie Wei , Guo Yiping , Li Jianping , Liu Honglai , Hu Jun 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMetal organic frameworks (MOFs) have shown promising adsorptive desulfurization (ADS) capacity yet remains great challenges to maintain excellent performance in presence of water. Guided by the density function theoretical (DFT) calculations, we select bromine modified linkers with different substitution degrees to construct MIL‐47‐xBr to regulate the porosity and hydrophobicity. The optimized MIL‐47‐Br exhibits the highest saturation dibenzothiophene (DBT) capacity of 179.2 mgS g−1 from the hydrous oil, surpassing the record of all ADS adsorbents. Meanwhile, the excellent selectivity, adsorption kinetics, and recycle stability endow MIL‐47‐Br with superior ADS performance from the commercial hydrous gasoline. With the DBT capacity decreases by only 12.3% from the commercial gasoline, a continue flow ADS is successfully achieved on the fixed‐bed of MIL‐47‐Br column. Therefore, this facial strategy of simple substitution can fully exploit the functions of open metal sites for enhancing the task‐specific selectivity, and has a promising application prospect in industrial ADS.
Stepwise Asymmetric Allylic Substitution‐Isomerization Enabled Mimetic Synthesis of Axially Chiral B,N‐Heterocycles
Authors: Zhang Xiu‐Lian , Gu Jun , Cui Wen‐Hao , Ye Zhiwen , Yi Wenbin , Zhang Qiang , He Ying 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAxially chiral molecules bearing multiple stereogenic axes are of great importance in the field of organic chemistry. However, the efficient construction of atropisomers featuring two different types of stereogenic axes has rarely been explored. Herein, we report the novel atroposelective synthesis of configurationally stable axially chiral B,N‐heterocycles. By using stepwise asymmetric allylic substitution‐isomerization (AASI) strategy, diaxially chiral B,N‐heterocycles bearing B−C and C−N axes that are related to the moieties of axially chiral enamines and arylborons were also obtained. In this case, all four stereoisomers of diaxially chiral B,N‐heterocycles were stereodivergently afforded in high enantioselectivities. Density functional theory (DFT) studies demonstrated that the NH⋅⋅⋅π interactions played a unique role in the promotion of stereospecific isomerization, thereby leading to the highly efficient central‐to‐axial chirality transfer.
Atroposelective Arene‐Forming Alkene Metathesis**
Authors: Jončev Zlatko , Sparr Christof 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAlkene metathesis catalyzed by enantiopure metal alkylidene complexes enables exceptionally versatile strategies to products with configurationally‐defined stereocenters. Desymmetrization processes thereby provide reliable stereoselective routes to aliphatic structures, while the differentiation of aromatic stereogenic units remained an outstanding challenge. Herein, we describe the feasibility of alkene metathesis to catalytically control stereogenic axes by traceless arene formation. Stereodynamic trienes are selectively converted into corresponding binaphthalene atropisomers upon exposure to a chiral molybdenum catalyst. Remarkably, stereoselective arene‐forming metathesis allows enantioselectivities of up to 98 : 2 e.r. and excellent yields. As the disconnection of each bond of an aromatic target is retrosynthetically conceivable, it is anticipated that forging arenes by means of stereoselective metathesis will enable versatile approaches for the synthesis of a broad range of molecular topologies with precisely defined configuration.
Recent Advances in Hybrid Materials of Metal Nanoparticles and Polyoxometalates
Authors: Xia Kang , Yamaguchi Kazuya , Suzuki Kosuke 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPolyoxometalates (POMs), anionic metal‐oxygen nanoclusters that possess various composition‐dependent properties, are widely used to modify the existing properties of metal nanoparticles and to endow them with new ones. Herein, we present an overview of recent advances in hybrid materials that consist of metal nanoparticles and POMs. Following a brief introduction on the inception of this area and its development, representative properties and applications of these materials in various fields such as electrochemistry, photochemistry, and catalysis are introduced. We discuss how the combination of two classic inorganic materials facilitates cooperative and synergistic behavior, and we also give personal perspectives on the future development of this field.
Three Distinct Transcriptional Profiles of Monocytes Associate with Disease Activity in Scleroderma Patients
Authors: Makinde Hadijat‐Kubura M. , Dunn Julia L. M. , Gadhvi Gaurav , Carns Mary , Aren Kathleen , Chung Anh H. , Muhammad Lutfiyya N. , Song Jing , Cuda Carla M. , Dominguez Salina , Pandolfino John E. , Dematte D'Amico Jane E. , Budinger G. Scott , Assassi Shervin , Frech Tracy M. , Khanna Dinesh , Shaeffer Alex , Perlman Harris , Hinchcliff Monique , Winter Deborah R. 
Published: October 2022

ObjectivePatients with diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis (dcSSc) display a complex clinical phenotype. Transcriptional profiling of whole blood or tissue from patients are affected by changes in cellular composition that drive gene expression and an inability to detect minority cell populations. We undertook this study to focus on the 2 main subtypes of circulating monocytes, classical monocytes (CMs) and nonclassical monocytes (NCMs) as a biomarker of SSc disease severity.MethodsSSc patients were recruited from the Prospective Registry for Early Systemic Sclerosis. Clinical data were collected, as well as peripheral blood for isolation of CMs and NCMs. Age‐, sex‐, and race‐matched healthy volunteers were recruited as controls. Bulk macrophages were isolated from the skin in a separate cohort. All samples were assayed by RNA sequencing (RNA‐seq).ResultsWe used an unbiased approach to cluster patients into 3 groups (groups A–C) based on the transcriptional signatures of CMs relative to controls. Each group maintained their characteristic transcriptional signature in NCMs. Genes up‐regulated in group C demonstrated the highest expression compared to the other groups in SSc skin macrophages, relative to controls. Patients from groups B and C exhibited worse lung function than group A, although there was no difference in SSc skin disease at baseline, relative to controls. We validated our approach by applying our group classifications to published bulk monocyte RNA‐seq data from SSc patients, and we found that patients without skin disease were most likely to be classified as group A.ConclusionWe are the first to show that transcriptional signatures of CMs and NCMs can be used to unbiasedly stratify SSc patients and correlate with disease activity outcome measures.