bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Performances of different classification criteria for systemic lupus erythematosus in a single-center cohort from Turkey
Authors: Torun Ege Sinan , Bektaş Erdem , Kemik Fatih , Bektaş Murat , Çetin Çiğdem , Yalçinkaya Yasemin , Artim Esen Bahar , Gül Ahmet , Inanç Murat 
Published: September 2022

Objective Sensitivity and specificity of SLE classification criteria may vary in different populations and clinical settings. In this study, we aimed to compare the performances of three criteria sets/rules (1997, 2012, and 2019) in a large cohort of patients and relevant diseased controls. Methods The medical records of consecutive SLE patients and diseased controls were reviewed for clinical and laboratory features relevant to all sets of criteria. Criteria sets/rules were analyzed based on sensitivity, positive predictive value, specificity, and negative predictive value, using clinical diagnosis with at least 6 months of follow-up as the gold standard. A subgroup analysis was performed in ANA positive patients. Results A total of 393 SLE patients and 308 non-SLE diseased controls were included. Sensitivity was 78.4% for 1997 criteria and was more than 90% for both 2012 (91.9%) and 2019 (94.4%) criteria. Specificity was the highest (95.1%) for 1997 ACR criteria, 91.5% for 2012 SLICC criteria and 91.2% for 2019 EULAR/ACR criteria. When only ANA positive patients were analyzed, sensitivity of each criteria increased by 1%, 0.8%, and 2.2%, respectively. Specificity of 1997 criteria decreased by 2% and specificity of 2012 and 2019 criteria both decreased to less than 90%. Conclusion EULAR/ACR criteria were more sensitive than 1997 criteria and had a comparable performance with SLICC criteria. When only ANA positive patients were analyzed, the presence of false positive results (originated from patients with Sjögren’s disease and antiphospholipid syndrome mainly) decreased the specificity of both SLICC and EULAR/ACR criteria.
Biomarkers and Predictors of Adverse Cardiovascular Events in Different Stages of Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Stopic Bojan , Medic-Brkic Branislava , Savic-Vujovic Katarina , Davidovic Zeljko , Todorovic Jovana , Dimkovic Nada 
Published: September 2022

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an important factor that contributes to the increase of all-cause morbidity and mortality in the group of non-communicable diseases, and it is also recognized as a strong and independent risk factor that contributes to cardiovascular disease (CVD). CVDs are a consequence of the action of a large number of risk factors among which are traditional and non-traditional. These risk factors have been the subject of a large number of studies which partially explained the unfavorable cardiovascular (CV) outcome of CKD patients. Therefore, valid studies about clinical and biohumoral predictors are of particular importance, especially in the early stages of renal disease, that is, in patients with creatinine clearance below 60 ml/min/1.73 m2 when preventive measures are most effective. Among potential predictors of adverse CV outcome are biomarkers of inflammation (Interleukin-18—IL-18), oxidative stress (ischemia-modified albumin—IMA; superoxide dismutase—SOD), acute kidney injury (kidney injury molecule -1—KIM-1; neutrophil gelatinase–associated lipocalin—NGAL), and microribonucleic acids (specific microRNA-133a). In this review, we tried to confirm the relationship between risk factors of CKD and CVD and newer, less frequently examined biomarkers with the occurrence of incidental CV events in renal patients.
NADPH oxidase 2 limits amplification of IL-1β–G-CSF axis and an immature neutrophil subset in murine lung inflammation
Authors: Song Zhimin , Bhattacharya Sourav , Huang Guangming , Greenberg Zev J. , Yang Wei , Bagaitkar Juhi , Schuettpelz Laura G. , Dinauer Mary C. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The leukocyte NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2) regulates inflammation independent of its antimicrobial activity. Inherited defects in NOX2 lead to chronic granulomatous disease (CGD), associated with recurrent bacterial and fungal infections, often with excessive neutrophilic inflammation that results in significant inflammatory burden and tissue damage. We previously showed that excessive leukotriene B4 (LTB4) production by NOX2-deficient mouse neutrophils was a key driver of elevated lung neutrophil infiltration in the initial response to pulmonary challenge with the model fungal particle zymosan. We now identify interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and downstream granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) as critical amplifying signals that augment and sustain neutrophil accrual in CGD mice. Neutrophils, delivered into the lung via LTB4, were the primary source of IL-1β within the airways, and their increased numbers in CGD lungs led to significantly elevated local and plasma G-CSF. Elevated G-CSF simultaneously promoted increased granulopoiesis and mobilized the release of higher numbers of an immature CD101− neutrophil subset from the marrow, which trafficked to the lung and acquired a significantly more proinflammatory transcriptome in CGD mice compared with wild-type mice. Thus, neutrophil-produced IL-1β and downstream G-CSF act sequentially but nonredundantly with LTB4 to deploy neutrophils and amplify inflammation in CGD mice after inhalation of zymosan. NOX2 plays a critical role in dampening multiple components of a feed-forward pipeline for neutrophil recruitment, and these findings highlight NOX2 as a key regulator of neutrophil number, subsets, and function at inflamed sites.
Immunoglobulin G N-glycan, inflammation and type 2 diabetes in East Asian and European populations: a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Wang Biyan , Liu Di , Song Manshu , Wang Wei , Guo Bo , Wang Youxin 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Immunoglobulin G (IgG) N-glycans have been shown to be associated with the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and its risk factors. However, whether these associations reflect causal effects remain unclear. Furthermore, the associations of IgG N-glycans and inflammation are not fully understood.

Methods
We examined the causal associations of IgG N-glycans with inflammation (C-reactive protein (CRP) and fibrinogen) and T2D using two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis in East Asian and European populations. Genetic variants from IgG N-glycan quantitative trait loci (QTL) data were used as instrumental variables. Two-sample MR was conducted for IgG N-glycans with inflammation (75,391 and 18,348 participants of CRP and fibrinogen in the East Asian population, 204,402 participants of CRP in the European population) and T2D risk (77,418 cases and 356,122 controls of East Asian ancestry, 81,412 cases and 370,832 controls of European ancestry).

Results
After correcting for multiple testing, in the East Asian population, genetically determined IgG N-glycans were associated with a higher risk of T2D, the odds ratios (ORs) were 1.009 for T2D per 1- standard deviation (SD) higher GP5, 95% CI = 1.003–1.015; P = 0.0019; and 1.013 for T2D per 1-SD higher GP13, 95% CI = 1.006–1.021; P = 0.0005. In the European population, genetically determined decreased GP9 was associated with T2D (OR = 0.899 per 1-SD lower GP9, 95% CI: 0.845–0.957). In addition, there was suggestive evidence that genetically determined IgG N-glycans were associated with CRP in both East Asian and European populations after correcting for multiple testing, but no associations were found between IgG N-glycans and fibrinogen. There was limited evidence of heterogeneity and pleiotropy bias.

Conclusions
Our results provided novel genetic evidence that IgG N-glycans are causally associated with T2D.
Using single-worm RNA sequencing to study C. elegans responses to pathogen infection
Authors: Wang Archer J. , Wibisono Phillip , Geppert Blake M. , Liu Yiyong 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Caenorhabditis elegans is an excellent research model whose populations have been used in many studies to address various biological questions. Although worm-to-worm phenotypic variations in isogenic populations have been persistently observed, they are not well understood and are often ignored or averaged out in studies, masking the impacts of such variations on data collection and interpretation. Single-worm RNA sequencing that profiles the transcriptomes of individual animals has the power to examine differences between individuals in a worm population, but this approach has been understudied. The integrity of the starting RNA, the quality of the library and sequence data, as well as the transcriptome-profiling effectiveness of single-worm RNA-seq remain unclear. Therefore, more studies are needed to improve this technique and its application in research.

Results
In this study, we aimed to develop a single-worm RNA-seq method that includes five steps: worm lysis and RNA extraction, cDNA synthesis, library preparation, sequencing, and sequence data analysis. We found that the mechanical lysis of worms using a Qiagen TissueLyser maintained RNA integrity and determined that the quality of our single-worm libraries was comparable to that of standard RNA-seq libraries based on assessments of a variety of parameters. Furthermore, analysis of pathogen infection-induced gene expression using single-worm RNA-seq identified a core set of genes and biological processes relating to the immune response and metabolism affected by infection. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of our single-worm RNA-seq method in transcriptome profiling and its usefulness in addressing biological questions.

Conclusions
We have developed a single-worm RNA-seq method to effectively profile gene expression in individual C. elegans and have applied this method to study C. elegans responses to pathogen infection. Key aspects of our single-worm RNA-seq libraries were comparable to those of standard RNA-seq libraries. The single-worm method captured the core set of, but not all, infection-affected genes and biological processes revealed by the standard method, indicating that there was gene regulation that is not shared by all individuals in a population. Our study suggests that combining single-worm and standard RNA-seq approaches will allow for detecting and distinguishing shared and individual-specific gene activities in isogenic populations.
Dexmedetomidine reduces myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in young mice through MIF/AMPK/GLUT4 axis
Authors: Chen Siyu , Li Aimei , Wu Jianjiang , Huang Yidan , Zou Tiantian , Tailaiti Taiwangu , Wang Jiang 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundReperfusion of ischemic tissue has adverse impact on the myocardium. Dexmedetomidine (Dex) is a α2-adrenergic receptor (α2-AR) agonist with sedative and analgesic effects. Macrophage migration inhibition factor (MIF) is a pressure-regulating cytokine and is responsible for inflammatory and immune diseases. This study aims to reveal the consequences of Dex on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) in young mice.MethodsFifty mice were raised and examined. At the end of the experiment, all mice were euthanized. The anterior descending department of the left coronary artery in mice was under ischemia for 60 min, then the ligation line was released and reperfused for 120 min to establish the IRI model. Mice were randomly divided into Sham, control, treatment using 4,5-dihydro-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-5-isoxazoleacetic acid (ISO-1), Dex treatment, and Dex combined ISO-1 treatment groups. Interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and ATP levels were recorded. The expressions of MIF, P-adenosine monophosphate-activated kinase α (AMPKα), glucose transporter (GLUT)4, Bax and Bcl-2 were detected by Western Blot (WB). Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining was used to study cell morphology. Apoptosis was detected by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labelling (TUNEL) assay. Echocardiography was carried out at the end of reperfusion, and the infarct size was calculated by Electron microscopy.ResultsI/R + Dex group showed significantly increased IL-6 and TNF-α levels and reduced myocardial cell necrosis and apoptosis. H&E staining showed alleviated myocardial disorder, myocardial cell swelling, myocardial fiber fracture, and inflammatory cell infiltration in I/R + Dex group. Myocardial cell necrosis and apoptosis were significantly reduced in I/R + Dex group. ATP level in myocardial tissue of mice in I/R group was substantially decreased, while that in Dex group was increased. WB results showed that MIF, P-AMPK α, GLUT4 and Bcl-2 levels were increased and Bax levels were decreased in I/R + Dex group.ConclusionDex may exert myocardial protection in young mice through MIF/AMPK/GLUT4 axis.
The prevention of delirium in elderly surgical patients with obstructive sleep apnea (PODESA): a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Wong Jean , Doherty Helen R. , Singh Mandeep , Choi Stephen , Siddiqui Naveed , Lam David , Liyanage Nishanthi , Tomlinson George , Chung Frances 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundObstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with neurocognitive impairment – a known risk factor for postoperative delirium. However, it is unclear whether OSA increases the risk of postoperative delirium and whether treatment is protective. The objectives of this study were to identify OSA with a home sleep apnea test (HSAT) and to determine whether auto-titrating positive airway pressure (APAP) reduces postoperative delirium in older adults with newly diagnosed OSA undergoing elective hip or knee arthroplasty.MethodsWe conducted a multi-centre, randomized controlled trial at three academic hospitals in Canada. Research ethics board approval was obtained from the participating sites and informed consent was obtained from participants. Inclusion criteria were patients who were$$\ge 6$$≥60 years and scheduled for elective hip or knee replacement. Patients with a STOP-Bang score of ≥ 3 had a HSAT. Patients were defined as having OSA if the apnea–hypopnea index was ≥ 10/h. These patients were randomized 1:1 to either: 1) APAP for 72 h postoperatively or until discharge, or 2) routine care after surgery. The primary outcome was postoperative delirium, assessed twice daily with the Confusion Assessment Method for 72 h or until discharge or by chart review. The secondary outcome measures included length of stay, and perioperative complications occurring within 30 days after surgery.ResultsOf 549 recruited patients, 474 completed a HSAT. A total of 234 patients with newly diagnosed OSA were randomized. The mean age was 68.2 (6.2) years and 58.6% were male. Analysis was performed on 220 patients. In total, 2.7% (6/220) patients developed delirium after surgery: 4.4% (5/114) patients in the routine care group, and 0.9% (1/106) patients in the treatment group (P = 0.21). The mean length of stay for the APAP vs. the routine care group was 2.9 (2.9) days vs. 3.5 (4.5) days (P = 0.24). On postoperative night 1, 53.5% of patients used APAP for 4 h/night or more, this decreased to 43.5% on night 2, and 24.6% on night 3. There was no difference in intraoperative and postoperative complications between the two groups.ConclusionsWe had an unexpectedly low rate of postoperative delirium thus we were unable to determine if postoperative delirium was reduced in older adults with newly diagnosed OSA receiving APAP vs. those who did not receive APAP after elective knee or hip arthroplasty.Trial registrationThis trial was retrospectively registered in clinicaltrials.gov NCT02954224 on 03/11/2016.
Clinical features and risk factors of surgical site infections in HIV-negative patients with cryptococcal meningitis underwent ventriculoperitoneal shunt operations: a retrospective study
Authors: Xu Lejia , Zhu Jianyun , Wang Xiaoyun , Zeng Guofen , Gao Zhiliang , Liu Jing 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
To investigate the clinical features and risk factors of ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) associated surgical site infections (SSIs) in HIV-negative patients with cryptococcal meningitis (CM).

Methods
We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of HIV-negative patients with CM underwent VPS operation admitted to The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University in Southwest China over the past 7 years.

Results
193 patients were included, of whom 25 (12.95%) had SSIs in 6 (median duration, 1–48 days) days after operation. Compared with patients without SSIs, patient with SSIs tended to be shorter preoperative stay. 52% patients in SSIs group and 25% patients in no-SSIs group underwent VPS operations within 3 days after admission (p = 0.017). Although body temperature and infectious indicators slightly elevated postoperative in both groups. The patients with SSIs experienced more fever; more central nervous system symptoms; higher PCT value and lower cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) glucose in contrast to the no-SSIs group. Multivariate regression analysis found a 2.653 fold increase in the risk of infection for every 1 °C increase in postoperative body temperature. Among the 25 patients, 9 patients had positive culture results, three samples reported to be oxacillin resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococci.

Conclusions
SSIs was one of the serious surgical complications after VPS operation. High body temperature, the occurrence of dizziness and headache, low postoperative hemoglobin are risk factors. Postoperative patients with high fever, high PCT and low CSF glucose should be paid more attention to.
Evaluation of cardiovascular diseases risk calculators for CVDs prevention and management: scoping review
Authors: Badawy Mohammed Abd ElFattah Mohammed Darw , Naing Lin , Johar Sofian , Ong Sokking , Rahman Hanif Abdul , Tengah Dayangku Siti Nur Ashikin Pengiran , Chong Chean Lin , Tuah Nik Ani Afiqah 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally. This review aimed to summarise evidence on the key features, usability and benefits of CVD risk calculators using digital platforms for CVDs prevention and management in populations.

Methods
We used search engines and thematic analyses to conduct a scoping review. As the reporting guideline for this review, we used Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR).

Results
A total of 17 studies meeting eligibility criteria were included in the analysis, from which about 70% of the studies have prognostic level I (n = 8) and level II (n = 4) evidence. The review found that various guidelines are recommending different algorithms for CVD risk prediction. The QRISK® was the most accurate CVD risk calculator for several study populations, whereas World Health Organization/International Society of Hypertension (WHO/ISH) risk scores were the least accurate. The key features of CVD risk calculators are variables, predictive accuracy, discrimination index, applicability, understandability, and cost-effectiveness.

Conclusion
For the selected risk prediction tool, development and validation research must be done, which considers a mix of stroke-specific risk and CVD risk to establish its usability in the local community and advantages to the particular health-care environment. To get healthcare professionals more involved in preventing and treating CVDs, each healthcare setting should use an online CVD risk assessment tool that is more useful, accurate, and easy to use, based on the population and health system.
Potential biomarkers for predicting the overall survival outcome of kidney renal papillary cell carcinoma: an analysis of ferroptosis-related LNCRNAs
Authors: Wu Zixuan , Huang Xuyan , Cai Minjie , Huang Peidong 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundKidney renal papillary cell carcinoma (KIRP) is a dangerous cancer, which accounts for 15–20% of all kidney malignancies. Ferroptosis is a rare kind of cell death that overcomes medication resistance. Ferroptosis-related long non-coding RNAs (LNCRNAs) in KIRP, remain unknown.MethodWe wanted to express how ferroptosis-related LNCRNAs interact with immune cell infiltration in KIRP. Gene set enrichment analysis in the GO and KEGG databases were used to explore gene expression enrichment. The prognostic model was constructed using Lasso regression. In addition, we also analyzed the modifications in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and immunological association.ResultThe expression of LNCRNA was closely connected to the ferroptosis, according to co-expression analyses. CASC19, AC090197.1, AC099850.3, AL033397.2, LINC00462, and B3GALT1-AS1 were found to be significantly increased in the high-risk group, indicating that all of these markers implicates the malignancy processes for KIRP patients and may be cancer-promoting variables. LNCTAM34A and AC024022.1 were shown to be significantly elevated in the low-risk group; these might represent as the KIRP tumor suppressor genes. According to the TCGA, CCR, and inflammation-promoting genes were considered to be significantly different between the low-risk and high-risk groups. The expression of CD160, TNFSF4, CD80, BTLA, and TNFRSF9 was different in the two risk groups.ConclusionLNCRNAs associated with ferroptosis were linked to the occurrence and progression of KIRP. Ferroptosis-related LNCRNAs and immune cell infiltration in the TME may be potential biomarkers in KIRP that should be further investigated.
Real-world effectiveness of IDegLira compared with intensified conventional insulin therapy in adults with type 2 diabetes: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Szépkúti Sándor , Bandur Szilvia , Kovács Gábor , Ferenci Tamás , Svébis Márk M. , Turbucz Piroska , Tabák Ádám G. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
IDegLira is a fixed-ratio combination of insulin degludec and liraglutide with proven efficacy against simpler regimens and non-inferiority against basal-bolus insulin therapy. However, the evaluation of its real-world effectiveness is hindered by technical issues and requires further exploration. Thus we aimed to compare effectiveness of insulin degludec/liraglutide (IDegLira) versus intensified conventional insulin therapy (ICT) for type 2 diabetes in a real-world setting.

Methods
This retrospective cohort study from an outpatient clinic in Hungary included people who initiated IDegLira due to inadequate glycaemic control (HbA1c > 7.0% [53.0 mmol/mol]) with oral and/or injectable antidiabetic drugs. Data were compared with a historical cohort who initiated ICT. Outcomes included HbA1c, body weight, and hypoglycaemia differences over 18 months of follow-up.

Results
Data were included from 227 and 72 people who initiated IDegLira and ICT, respectively. Estimated mean difference (MD) in HbA1c at 18 months favoured IDegLira versus ICT (MD 0.60, 95% CI 0.88–0.32 [MD 6.6 mmol/mol, 95% CI 9.6–3.5]). More people reached target HbA1c ≤7.0% (53.0 mmol/mol) with IDegLira than ICT (odds ratio 3.36, 95% CI 1.52–7.42). IDegLira treatment was associated with weight loss compared with gain for ICT (MD 6.7 kg, 95% CI 5.0–8.5). The hazard ratio for hypoglycaemia comparing IDegLira with ICT was 0.18 (95% CI 0.08–0.49).

Conclusions
Treatment with IDegLira over 18 months resulted in greater HbA1c reductions, weight loss versus gain, and a lower rate of hypoglycaemia versus ICT in people with type 2 diabetes.