bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
COVID-19 Return to Sport: NFL Injury Prevalence Analysis
Authors: Puga Troy B , Schafer Joshua , Agbedanu Prince N , Treffer Kevin 
Published: April 2022

Background
Sport injuries have been common among athletes across the globe for decades and have the potential to disrupt athletic careers, performance, and psyche. Many health professionals and organizations have undertaken injury mitigation strategies to prevent sport injuries through protective equipment, training protocols, and a host of other evidence-based practices. Many of these specialized training methods were disrupted due to protocols to mitigate the spread of COVID-19. This research examines the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic in relation to the prevalence of athletic injuries in the National Football League (NFL).

Objective
During the COVID-19 pandemic, NFL teams and athletes across all levels of sport were reported to have reduced training in preparation for their seasons due to protocols to mitigate the spread of COVID-19. This study compares the prevalence of injury during the 2018, 2019, and 2020 NFL seasons, with the aim to determine the potential causes of the differences in injury prevalence.

Methods
Official injury reports from each team were counted during the 17-week regular season of each year (2018, 2019, and 2020). The data were analyzed using an unpaired t test to compare the injury prevalence between each of the three seasons.

Results
The 2018 season produced a total of 1561 injuries and a mean of 48.8 injuries per team. The 2019 season produced a total of 1897 injuries and a mean of 59.3 injuries per team, while the 2020 season produced a total of 2484 injuries and a mean of 77.6 injuries per team. An unpaired t test was performed using the data to compare the mean number of injuries per team during each of the seasons. Comparison of the 2020 season against the 2019 season showed a statistically significant difference (P<.001); comparison of the 2020 season to the 2018 season found a statistically significant difference (P<.001); and comparison between the 2019 and the 2018 seasons found a statistically significant difference (P=.03).

Conclusions
Although the 2019 and 2018 seasons showed a statistically significant difference (P=.03), this difference is not as large when we compare the 2020 seasons versus the 2019 (P<.001) and 2018 (P<.001) seasons. The astronomical increase in injury prevalence during the 2020 season over the previous years raises the possibility that there was a reduced physiological adaptation to stress, due to the limited amount of training as a result of the closure of practice facilities in order to slow the spread of COVID-19.
Penyuluhan dan Pendampingan Jiwa Enterpreneur Serta Akses Modal Bagi Karang Taruna Kanjuruhan di Desa Tlogomas Kota Malang
Authors: Pramuja Risky Angga , Arifin Zainal , Widagdo Bambang 
Published: April 2022

Karang taruna tlogomas memiliki model pemikiran yang bertujuan untuk menjadi generasi muda yang tangguh, mandiri, bersahabat dan bersosialisasi. Sebagai organisasi sosial kepemudaan Karang Taruna merupakan wadah pembinaan dan pengembangan serta pemberdayaan dalam upaya mengembangkan kegiatan ekonomi produktif dengan pendayagunaan semua potensi yang tersedia di lingkungan baik sumber daya manusia maupun sumber daya alam yang telah ada. Meningkatkan ekonomi yang produktif maka diperlukan peningkatan kemampuan dari karangtaruna bisa berupa hard-skill maupun soft-skill. Dalam hal ini hard skill seperti ilmu pengetahuan, teknologi dan keterampilan teknis. Hasil wawancara serta investigasi awal dengan ketua karang taruna tlogomas kanjuruhan malang bahwa pemuda-pemudi di daerah tlogomas masih minim pengetahuan tentang akses permodalan dan bagaimana mengembangkan usaha. Hasil kegiatan dapat dilihat bahwa implementasi seminar dapat dilakukan dengan baik, lancar sesuai dengan rencana yang telah disusun. Semua peserta menyatakan bahwa kegiatan pelatihan itu sangat berguna karena bisa meningkatkan wawasan kewirausahaan Profesional, Mandiri dan Agile.
METAKOGNISI DALAM MEMECAHKAN MASALAH PENERAPAN INTEGRAL PADA MATA KULIAH KALKULUS DITINJAU DARI TIPE PERILAKU DISC
Authors: Yuliana M. Rahmi 
Published: April 2022

Kalkulus Integral merupakan mata kuliah dasar dari kalkulus mengenai definisi integral, pembuktian integral serta mencari nilai dan menyelesaikan persamaan integral. Penelitian Ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui metakognisi mahasiswa dalam pemecahan masalah integral pada matakuliah kalkulus multivariable ditinjau dari tipe perilaku DISC di STKIP Paris Barantai. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian Kualitatif, Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif. Penelitian ini mendeskripsikan metakognisi mahasiswa dalam pemecahan masalah Integral pada materi kalkulus miltivariabel yang ditinjau dari perilaku DISC. Instrument yang digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data yaitu angkat dan soal latihan. Luaran yang diharapkan dalam penelitian ini adalah sebagai bahan pertimbangan bagi pihak kampus untuk mengembangkan kemampuan metakognisi mahasiswa. Publikasi ilmiah dalam jurnal nasional
PROFIL KEMAMPUAN MENYELESAIKAN SOAL TURUNAN SISWA MADRASAH ALIYAH DI KOTA PALU BERDASARKAN GAYA KOGNITIF
Authors: M. Bakri , Awuy Evie , Ishariyadi Ishariyadi , Hadjar Ibnu 
Published: April 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memperoleh profil kemampuan menyelesaikan soal turunan siswa Madrasah Aliyah di Kota Palu berdasarkan gaya kognitif. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Subjek penelitian 4 orang siswa Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 1 Palu yaitu 2 orang siswa bergaya kognitif FI dan 2 orang siswa bergaya kognitif FD yang berkemampuan matematika berbeda. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah Tes GEFT untuk mengumpulkan data gaya kognitif siswa dan Tes untuk data kemampuan menyelesaikan soal materi turunan. Data dianalisis menggunakan teknik analisis data kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 1). Subjek yang bergaya kognitif FI dan FD serta berkemampuan matematika tinggi menyelesaikan soal turunan menggunakan rumus turunan fungsi pangkat berkoefisien a, rumus turunan fungsi konstan, rumus turunan penjumlahan dan pengurangan fungsi. Subjek bergaya kognitif FI dapat menggunakan rumus turunan pembagian fungsi dengan baik dan teliti sementara subjek bergaya kognitif FD juga menggunakan rumus turunan pembagian fungsi tetapi tidak teratur dan lengkap. Subjek bergaya kognitif FI menggunakan titik stasioner dan membuat ilustrasi fungsi naik dan turun dalam bentuk grafik sedangkan subjek FD hanya menyatakan dalam bentuk pertidaksamaan. 2). Subjek yang bergaya kognitif FI dan FD serta berkemampuan matematika rendah menyelesaikan soal turunan menggunakan rumus dengan tidak teratur dan tidak jelas proses penentuan suku-suku yang diturunkan. Kedua subjek menggunakan rumus turunan fungsi pangkat berkoefisien a, rumus turunan fungsi konstan dan rumus turunan penjumlahan dan pengurangan fungsi. Subjek bergaya kognitif FI dapat menggunakan konsep titik stasioner sementara subjek bergaya Kognitif FD tidak dapat menggunakan konsep titik stasioner.
Gestalt Psychotherapy in Mexico
Authors: POLIT MYRIAM MUÑOZ 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
For Mexico, Gestalt therapy began in the 1970s. A number of individuals, including my teacher Dr. Anatolio Freidberg, introduced us to this new approach and began setting up training programs. Starting in the 1980s several institutes and training centers were established to prepare Gestalt therapists in a more consistent manner. Now we have training institutes in most of the major cities, including Mexico City, Guadalajara, Queretaro, Cuernavaca, Jalapa, Puebla, San Luis Potosi, and Tijuana. Unfortunately, our universities teach only a brief course as an introduction to Gestalt therapy. The exception to that is the University at Puebla, which teaches Gestalt therapy as a postgraduate specialty.
Condensing the Field: Internet Communication and Gestalt Community
Authors: BROWNELL PHILIP 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This article examines the influence of internet communication on Gestalt community from the standpoint of the field. Drawing on current internet sources, field theorists, and Gestalt therapists, the author describes the internet and explains key field dynamics, concluding that the global field of Gestalt therapy is undergoing rapid change. It is being enriched and made more aware of itself. Consequently, its individual members experience a community made taller, deeper, more complex and more connected. Concurrently, because of this clustering, the field is converging. Internet communication is facilitating a realignment of issues and spokespersons and a new interface between the Gestalt community and the wider field of psychotherapy.
Commentary on "What Changes the Individual in Gestalt Groups?" by J. Handlon and I. Fredericson
Authors: HOUSTON GAIE 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The invitation to comment Handlon and Fredericson's proposed theory prompted the present writer to look again at the process of theory-making between people and over time, and to speculate on the tendencies to the pole of elaboration and the other pole of simplification, and to where each is useful. The proposed theory stimulated the commentator to want more definition of group, of the nature of contact, of what is a Gestalt group, and of what is positive change. She adds some of her own attempts at definition in these four areas, and suggests that the categories of power and agape might help raise awareness of kinds of change individuals are likely to find useful.
Efecto de la contaminación atmosférica y calidad del aire
Authors: Quintero Guerrero Yaqueline , Rodríguez Forero Yuly Katerin , Bello Arévalo Aura María 
Published: April 2022

Con el objetivo de evaluar el efecto del gas producido por algunos elementos de uso común sobre organismos vivos, se tomaron de la Hacienda La Pradera ubicada en el Km 12 vía al sur del municipio de Rivera-Huila, una muestra representativa de 80 hormigas arrieras Atta cephalotes (Hymenoptera: Myrmicinae) las cuales fueron transportadas en un recipiente de vidrio hasta las instalaciones del laboratorio de Aire de la Universidad Surcolombiana. Las hormigas fueron distribuidas en 5 tratamientos que consistieron en: T1: Control, T2: Recipiente que contenía humo de serillos, T3: Recipiente con humo de sahumerio (resinas aromáticas vegetales), T4: Recipiente con ambientador en aerosol y T5: Recipiente con veladora. Cada uno de los tratamientos contenía 10 hormigas distribuidas al azar. Las variables de respuesta medidas después de 90 minutos de iniciar el experimento fueron porcentaje de mortalidad y aturdimiento
Model Pemangku Adat Hatobangon dalam Mengatasi Konflik dari Tradisi Tuor di Desa Hutabargot Nauli
Authors: Nasution Lely Suryani , S Nurman , Dewi Susi Fitria , Putra Ideal 
Published: April 2022

Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui model pemangku adat (Hotobangon) dalam mengatasi konflik yang timbul dari tradisi tuor di Desa Hutabargot Nauli. Jenis penelitian adalah kualitatif pendekatn deskripitif. Informan ditentukan dnegan porposive sampling. Data dikumpulkan dengan observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan reduksi data, display data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa model pemangku adat (hotobangon) dalam mengatasi konflik yang timbul dari tradisi tuor di Desa Hutabargot Nauli dengan cara: Pertama, model kompromi. Model kompromi yang dilaksanakan dalam tradisi tuor ketika pemangku adat mengalami kesulitan atau perdebatan dalam menentukan tradisi tuor ini masyarakat kampung ini beserta pemangku adat melakukan kompromi atau musyawarah dengan kedua belah pihak keluarga. Kedua, model menghindari. Kalau sudah terjadi dan terlaksana tradisi tuor apabila yang ingkar atau menghindar pihak perempuan dia harus menggantikan tuornya 2 kali lipat dari jumlah awalnya, sedangkan kalau laki-laki yang ingkar maka perempuan tidak akan mengembalikan tuor yang telah diberikan kepada keluarga laki-laki.
Keywords: Model, Customary Stakeholders (Hotobangon), Conflict, Tradition, and Tuor.

Abstrak: Model pemangku adat (hotobangon) dalam mengatasi konflik yang timbul dari tradisi tuor di Desa Hutabargot Nauli denga cara 1) Model Rasioanal. Model rasioanl yang dialaksanakan dalam tradisi tuor dengan akal budi yang berlaku universal. Disamping itu bahwa Kondisi social dan ekonomi peempuan sangat menetukan sekali mahal atau tidaknya tuor perempuan, semakin kaya dan semakin tinggi pendidikan perempuan maka semakin tinggi biaya tuor, dan 2) Model Kelompok . Model kolempok dalam tradisi tuor Desa Hutabargot Nauali adalah interaksi diantara kelompok-kelompok pihak calon menikah maupun hotobangon (pemangku adat) yang memiliki kepentingan yang sama mengikatkan baik secara formal yang dapat mengajukan dan mewujudkan kompromi-kompromi dalam bentuk kebijakan dalam menentukan tuor.
Kata Kunci: Model, Pemangku Adat (Hotobangon), Konflik, Tradisi, dan Tuor
Analisis Adversity Quotient (AQ) Terhadap Motivasi Belajar Siswa Dalam Pembelajaran Daring) di PKBM Kota Padang
Authors: Gusta Wienda , Gistituati Nurhizrah , Bentri Alwen 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACTThe magnitude of the Covid-19 impacts outbreak on the scope of education encourages changes in the learning process to be able to break the chain of spread of Covid-19 by applying online learning activities for all levels of education. It is quite possible for students to find difficulties during online learning and make students' learning motivation decrease. So, to deal with these difficulties, intelligence is needed that can help students stay afloat or called Adversity Quotient (AQ) which can ultimately increase students' learning motivation. The purpose of this study was to analyze the Adversity Quotient and find out its effect on learning motivation. This research approach was carried out with quantitative research, there were 108 respondents based on cluster random sampling techniques. As for the data collection of this study using a 5-point likert scale questionnaire, it is then analyzed with a simple linear regression analysis technique. The results of this study that Adversity Quotient reviewed from the aspects of control, origin and ownership, reach, and endurance are in the category quite well. There is the influence of Adversity Quotient and student learning motivation positively and significantly with the contribution of influence to be in the high category.Keywords: Adversity Quotient, Learning Motivation, Online Learning ABSTRAKBesarnya dampak wabah Covid-19 pada lingkup pendidikan mendorong dilakukannya perubahan dalam proses pembelajaran untuk dapat memutus rantai penyebaran Covid-19 dengan menerapkan kegiatan pembelajaran secara online untuk seluruh jenjang pendidikan. Sangat mungkin bagi siswa menemukan kesulitan-kesulitan selama pembelajaran daring dan membuat motivasi belajar siswa menurun. Maka untuk menghadapi kesulitan tersebut diperlukan kecerdasan yang mampu membantu siswa tetap bertahan atau disebut dengan Adversity Quotient (AQ) yang pada akhirnya dapat meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk menganalisis Adversity Quotient dan mengetahui pengaruhnya terhadap motivasi belajar. Pendekatan penelitian ini dilakukan dengan penelitian kuantitatif, ada 108 responden penelitian berdasarkan teknik cluster random sampling. Adapun pengambilan data penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner skala likert 5 point, lalu dianalisis dengan teknik analisis regresi linier sederhana. Hasil dari penelitian ini bahwa Adversity Quotient ditinjau dari aspek control, origin and ownership, reach, dan endurance berada di kategori cukup baik. Terdapat pengaruh Adversity Quotient dan motivasi belajar siswa secara positif dan signifikan dengan kontribusi pengaruh berada pada kategori tinggi.Kata Kunci : Adversity Quotient, Motivasi Belajar, Pembelajaran Daring
ORIENTALISM AND POST-COLONIAL READING OF THE U.S. POLICY TOWARD INDONESIA DURING NIXON ADMINISTRATION
Authors: Wardaya Baskara T. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract Through the examination of documents pertaining to the United States policies toward Indonesia, this paper studies how Washington viewed Indonesia almost three decades after colonialism had been officially over. More specifically, this paper studies U.S. assistance programs provided for Indonesia during the administration of President Richard M. Nixon. By using the perspective of postcolonial studies on international relations, it shows that while on the surface the assistance programs of the Nixon administration appeared to be altruistic and helpful, a deeper look at them shows that the programs were imbued with subliminal Eurocentric liberal international theory of international relations. It further shows that the administration’s programs were not only self-serving, but were also implemented with an orientalist spirit by the United States as part of the “superior” West over Indonesia that was considered part of the East and therefore was “inferior” and in need of help from the West. In light of Edward Said’s postcolonial studies of West and East relations, the policies clearly reflect orientalist views and practices, even long after colonialism formally ended. Keywords: Orientalism, English School Theory, Neoliberal International Theory, the Nixon administration, Indonesia
A PHILOSOPHICAL ANALYSIS OF COMPATIBILISM FROM THE INDIGENOUS NOTION OF KAHIMTANG
Authors: Acampado Arian Gula 
Published: April 2022

The Freedom-determinism debate is one of the important current discussions. Its scope covers philosophy to theology, psychology, and even the neurosciences and genetics. Though there are already attempts to reconcile the freedom-determinism perspective, a definite answer to it remains unclear. This research attempts to contribute an input offered by an indigenous understanding of the two perspectives. Using the hermeneutic phenomenology on the Visayan people in the Philippines, this paper attempts to contextualize and understand the debate from their perspective. As such freedom and determinism are put into the context of Kahimtang. The discussion is divided in two parts. The first part discusses three themes or nuances of kahimtang: 1) kahimtang as hatag sa Ginoo (God-given), 2) the notion of kahimtang as latid sa kinabuhi (path in life), and 3) the concept of kahimtang as baruganan sa pagkatawo (state of being-human). The second part discusses the determinism and freedom found in the themes of the previous part and argues on a framework of compatibilism in kahimtang. The study concludes that life for the Visayan is an interplay of freedom and determinism.
AN ECOLINGUISTICS ANALYSIS OF THE WIND GOURD OF LA’AMAOMAO
Authors: Indriyanto Kristiawan 
Published: April 2022

This study foregrounds the Native Hawai’ians’ interconnection between culture and nature through ecolinguistic analysis of the Wind Gourd of La’amaomao. The language use in this Hawai’ian folktale emphasizes the reverence Hawai’ian people have toward their environment based on familial kinship. The analysis mainly focuses on two aspects of language use, based on Stibbe’s theory of ecolinguistic, ideology/discourse and evaluation/appraisal. The study also posits the ecosophy/ecological philosophy derived from the text in line with the current state of environmental crisis. The study argues that the discourse employed in the text is positive, based on recognizing the need of sustainability. The positive discourse is also reflected through close emotional connection between people and place which is reflected in wind naming pattern and Hawai’ian place names. Secondly, nature is also appraised positively as seen in the celebratory tone and vocabulary used. The study concludes that alternative way of perceiving the environment, as seen from the reading of the Wind Gourd of La’amaomao should be considered as a critique toward Western anthropocentrism.
EQUAL GENDER REPRESENTATION IN EFL INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS DURING EMERGENCY REMOTE LEARNING
Authors: Triyaswati Hilda , Emaliana Ive 
Published: April 2022

Gender representations in EFL instructional materials can be given less attention amid covid-19 pandemic because there are abundant resources offered in online learning. The current paper aims to investigate a measurement to determine whether males and females are portrayed equally in EFL instructional materials, as proposed in RUU No. 81 A of 2013 the Republic of Indonesia's Ministry of Education and Culture which stated: “The curriculum should be oriented toward the production of good manners and a fair attitude, with a focus on gender equality". Employing library research method, researchers attempt to achieve this by examining ten experts’ theories which postulate equal representations of gender in EFL textbooks, namely (Dominguez 2003), Cohen, L Manion (1992), (Porreca 1984), Stockdale (2006), (Sovič and Hus 2015), (Hall 2014), (Gharbavi and Mousavi 2012), Holmqvist and Gjorup (2006), Nofal and Qawar (2015), and Chung (2014). The findings from the analysis indicate that gender representations in learning materials measured through language items and illustrations showed inequal and further complete sub dimensions descriptions are elucidated in the discussions. Pedagogical implications of selecting and developing instructional materials, which represent gender equality, are explored more to foster effective emergency remote learning
CLASSICAL GUIDANCE SERVICES USING WINDOW SHOPPING METHOD TO IMPROVE READING COMPREHENSION OF VOCATIONAL SCHOOL COUNSELORS
Authors: Athiyah Ibnu Ibnu 
Published: April 2022

This study aimed to test the effectiveness of classical guidance services using window shopping methods to improve reading comprehension of vocational school counselors. This research was an experimental study with one group pretest-posttets design. Research subjects were vocational school counselors in East Jakarta. The population in this study were all vocational school teachers, as training participants with a total of 30 people. The sampling technique used was 30 saturated sampling. The research instrument used was a reading comprehension scale with a validity of 0.304 (Pearson Product Moment) and reliability of 0.826 (Alpha Cronbach). Data analysis techniques using paired sample t-test were significant with a statistical test value of -65.619. The results of the study provide an understanding that classical guidance services with the window shopping method was effective in improving reading comprehension of the vocational school counselors.
ACOUSTIC ANALYSIS OF THE LENGTH OF /ʃ/ AND /Ʒ/ IN ENGLISH AFFRICATES
Authors: Al Abdely Ammar A. A. , Hardan Mariam S. 
Published: April 2022

To participate in the ongoing debate of whether affricates are single phonemes or a combination of two distinct phonemes, this paper reports the results of an acoustic study of affricates. One of the arguments that supports one phoneme analysis is based on the assumption that the length of /ʃ/ and /Ʒ/ as single phonemes tends to be shorter when they are involved within the affricates /ʃ/ and /Ʒ/ respectively. However, this assumption has not been acoustically investigated. Thus, this paper measures the duration of /ʃ/ and /Ʒ/: first when they are alone, and second when they are involved in affricates to identify any length variation between the two cases. The study is based on acoustic and statistical analyses of the recordings of Iraqi, British and American speakers of English, who were asked to pronounce words that have the two fricatives /ʃ/ and /Ʒ/ alone and in affricates as well. The results of paired samples t-tests showed a significant difference in the length of /ʃ/ and /Ʒ/ as single phonemes and their length when involved within affricates in the pronunciation of Iraqi, British and American speakers both on the group and the overall levels. These results support the one phoneme analysis of affricates. Moreover, the results indicated that Arab learners and Iraqis in particular count heavily on temporal cues rather than spectral cues in perceiving English sounds. This shows the need for more training on the part of learners and teachers, and more attention on the part of English textbook designers.