bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Space debris flux on LAPAN satellites during Solar Cycle 25
Authors: Rachman Abdul 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Solar activity has been known to have impacts on the altitude of low Earth orbit satellites and space debris as well. Consequently, this will affect the flux of debris population around a satellite’s orbit. LAPAN currently has three satellites in low Earth orbit which will still be in operation during Solar Cycle 25 which began in December 2019 and is expected to reach the peak in 2025. It is widely known that even a very small debris can give detrimental effects to those satellites due to their hypervelocity speed. In the present study we report the space debris flux on LAPAN-TUBSAT, LAPAN A2, and LAPAN A3 satellites during the solar cycle. The flux is generated using ORDEM 3.1 released by NASA.
Solar activity and space weather
Authors: Gopalswamy Nat , Mäkelä Pertti , Yashiro Seiji , Akiyama Sachiko , Xie Hong 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
After providing an overview of solar activity as measured by the sunspot number (SSN) and space weather events during solar cycles (SCs) 21-24, we focus on the weak solar activity in SC 24. The weak solar activity reduces the number of energetic eruptions from the Sun and hence the number of space weather events. The speeds of coronal mass ejections (CMEs), interplanetary (IP) shocks, and the background solar wind all declined in SC 24. One of the main heliospheric consequences of weak solar activity is the reduced total (magnetic + gas) pressure, magnetic field strength, and Alfvén speed. There are three groups of phenomena that decline to different degrees in SC 24 relative to the corresponding ones in SC 23: (i) those that decline more than SSN does, (ii) those that decline like SSN, and (iii) those that decline less than SSN does. The decrease in the number of severe space weather events such as high-energy solar energetic particle (SEP) events and intense geomagnetic storms is deeper than the decline in SSN. The reduction in the number of severe space weather events can be explained by the backreaction of the weak heliosphere on CMEs. CMEs expand anomalously and hence their magnetic content is diluted resulting in weaker geomagnetic storms. The reduction in the number of intense geomagnetic storms caused by corotating interaction regions is also drastic. The diminished heliospheric magnetic field in SC 24 reduces the efficiency of particle acceleration, resulting in fewer high-energy SEP events. The numbers of IP type II radio bursts, IP socks, and high-intensity energetic storm particle events closely follow the number of fast and wide CMEs (and approximately SSN) because all these phenomena are closely related to CME-driven shocks. The number of halo CMEs in SC 24 declines less than SSN does, mainly due to the weak heliospheric state. Phenomena such as IP CMEs and magnetic clouds related to frontside halos also do not decline significantly. The mild space weather is likely to continue in SC 25, whose strength has been predicted to be not too different from that of SC 24.
Android application development for push notification feature for Indonesian space weather service based on Google Cloud Messaging
Authors: Maryam Siti , Purwono Adi , Syahril  
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The advances of digital technology bring the era where the communication platform of modern society facilitates the spreading of information which is effortless yet distracting. This paper describes the development of a mobile application on the android platform as a service that provides information on Indonesian space weather conditions where the pushed- notification method is used to deliver information to the service’s stakeholders as the targeted users. The notification which presents the message directly to the users’ device is considered the most effective way to engage the users. A cross-platform message data builder based on GSON and Retrofit interface is implemented to construct information contents in the notification as well as in the application, suitable for use cases that occurred to accommodate the user preference. Furthermore, the application uses mobile device token identification to specifically manage the engagement process served by Firebase, a Google cloud messaging system. The application analytic indicates that the user-application retention of average users is about 80 percent and the success rate of delivered instant messages with push notification is 96 percent respectively during one month of testing from 48 registered users.
The value of early methane mitigation in preserving Arctic summer sea ice
Authors: Sun Tianyi , Ocko Ilissa B , Hamburg Steven P 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
A growing body of literature has identified methane mitigation as a key component of limiting the rate and extent of global warming. However, little is known about how methane mitigation can benefit other critical aspects of the climate system. This study explores the value of early methane mitigation in addition to carbon dioxide mitigation in helping avert an approaching and concerning climate event: the near-complete loss of Arctic summer sea ice. While drastic cuts in carbon dioxide emissions will ultimately control the fate of Arctic summer sea ice, we show that simultaneous early deployment of feasible methane mitigation measures is essential to avoiding the loss of Arctic summer sea ice this century. In fact, the benefit of combined methane and carbon dioxide mitigation on reducing the likelihood of a seasonally ice-free Arctic can be greater than the simple sum of benefits from two independent greenhouse gas policies. The extent to which methane mitigation can help preserve Arctic summer sea ice depends on the implementation timeline. The benefit of methane mitigation is maximized when all technically feasible measures are implemented within this decade, and it decreases with each decade of delay in implementation due to its influence on end-of-century temperature. A key insight is that methane mitigation substantially lowers the risk of losing Arctic summer sea ice across varying levels of concomitant carbon dioxide mitigation. This analysis provides further evidence of the value of early methane mitigation and the need to consider its benefits beyond reduced global temperature and improved air quality.
Streamflow droughts aggravated by human activities despite management
Authors: Van Loon Anne F , Rangecroft Sally , Coxon Gemma , Werner Micha , Wanders Niko , Di Baldassarre Giuliano , Tijdeman Erik , Bosman Marianne , Gleeson Tom , Nauditt Alexandra , Aghakouchak Amir , Breña-Naranjo Jose Agustin , Cenobio-Cruz Omar , Costa Alexandre Cunha , Fendekova Miriam , Jewitt Graham , Kingston Daniel G , Loft Jessie , Mager Sarah M , Mallakpour Iman , Masih Ilyas , Maureira-Cortés Héctor , Toth Elena , Van Oel Pieter , Van Ogtrop Floris , Verbist Koen , Vidal Jean-Philippe , Wen Li , Yu Meixiu , Yuan Xing , Zhang Miao , Van Lanen Henny A J 
Published: March 2022

AbstractHuman activities both aggravate and alleviate streamflow drought. Here we show that aggravation is dominant in contrasting cases around the world analysed with a consistent methodology. Our 28 cases included different combinations of human-water interactions. We found that water abstraction aggravated all drought characteristics, with increases of 20%–305% in total time in drought found across the case studies, and increases in total deficit of up to almost 3000%. Water transfers reduced drought time and deficit by up to 97%. In cases with both abstraction and water transfers into the catchment or augmenting streamflow from groundwater, the water inputs could not compensate for the aggravation of droughts due to abstraction and only shift the effects in space or time. Reservoir releases for downstream water use alleviated droughts in the dry season, but also led to deficits in the wet season by changing flow seasonality. This led to minor changes in average drought duration (−26 to +38%) and moderate changes in average drought deficit (−86 to +369%). Land use showed a smaller impact on streamflow drought, also with both increases and decreases observed (−48 to +98%). Sewage return flows and pipe leakage possibly counteracted the effects of increased imperviousness in urban areas; however, untangling the effects of land use change on streamflow drought is challenging. This synthesis of diverse global cases highlights the complexity of the human influence on streamflow drought and the added value of empirical comparative studies. Results indicate both intended and unintended consequences of water management and infrastructure on downstream society and ecosystems.
Black carbon in the Southern Andean snowpack
Authors: Cordero Raúl R , Sepúlveda Edgardo , Feron Sarah , Wang Chenghao , Damiani Alessandro , Fernandoy Francisco , Neshyba Steven , Rowe Penny M , Asencio Valentina , Carrasco Jorge , Alfonso Juan A , MacDonell Shelley , Seckmeyer Gunther , Carrera Juan M , Jorquera Jose , Llanillo Pedro , Dana Jacob , Khan Alia L , Casassa Gino 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The Andean snowpack is an important source of water for many communities. As other snow-covered regions around the world, the Andes are sensitive to black carbon (BC) deposition from fossil fuel and biomass combustion. BC darkens the snow surface, reduces the albedo, and accelerates melting. Here, we report on measurements of the BC content conducted by using the meltwater filtration (MF) technique in snow samples collected across a transect of more than 2500 km from the mid-latitude Andes to the southern tip of South America. Addressing some of the key knowledge gaps regarding the effects of the BC deposition on the Andean snow, we identified BC-impacted areas, assessed the BC-related albedo reduction, and estimated the resulting snow losses. We found that BC concentrations in our samples generally ranged from 2 to 15 ng g−1, except for the nearly BC-free Patagonian Icefields and for the BC-impacted sites nearby Santiago (a metropolis of 6 million inhabitants). We estimate that the seasonal snowpack shrinking attributable to the BC deposition ranges from 4 mm water equivalent (w.e.) at relatively clean sites in Patagonia to 241 mm w.e. at heavily impacted sites close to Santiago.
A compact microscope for voltage imaging
Authors: Meng Xin , Huismans Lex , Huijben Teun , Szabo Greta , van Tol Ruud , de Heer Izak , Ganapathy Srividya , Brinks Daan 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Voltage imaging and optogenetics offer new routes to optically detect and influence neural dynamics. Optimized hardware is necessary to make the most of these new techniques. Here we present the Octoscope, a versatile, multimodal device for all-optical electrophysiology. We illustrate its concept and design and demonstrate its capability to perform both 1-photon and 2-photon voltage imaging with spatial and temporal light patterning, in both inverted and upright configurations, in vitro and in vivo.
A robust and flexible pulse wave sensory array enabling real-time non-invasive blood pressure monitoring
Authors: Li Anqi , Lin Jianle , Li Huimin , Yang Qi , Liu Xinghui , Jiang Bowei , Zhang Yuling , Wang Kai 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Chronical cardiovascular decreases such as hypertension requires real-time and continuous monitoring of blood pressures (BPs). Pulse wave that contains critical and ample information on cardiovascular dynamics is a direct vital sign to extract BP and therefore an epidermal wearable device enabling real-time acquisition of pulse waves becomes necessary. In this work, we propose and study a flexible pulse wave sensory array aiming for real-time wearable pulse wave acquisition with robustness. A piezoelectric sensor together with a thin-film transistor-based sensor interface circuit is used to detect multiple pulse waveforms at the location of radial artery, which are input to a convolutional neural network for a deep-learning BP estimation model training. The estimated BPs are assessed by a correlation study with the BPs measured by conventional sphygmomanometers. Our study shows a reasonable accuracy of mean deviation and standard deviation of 2.84 ± 7.53 mmHg for systolic BP and 0.88 ± 7.06 mmHg for diastolic BP.
Fatigue behaviour of inkjet-printed silver interconnects on silica-coated mesoporous flexible PET substrate
Authors: Khinda Gurvinder Singh , Kokash Maan Z , Alhendi Mohammed , Garakani Behnam , Stoffel Nancy C , Borgesen Peter , Poliks Mark D 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Inkjet-printed silver conductive patterns are used in many flexible electronics applications ranging from health care, industrial assets management to aviation. Understanding of the electrical behaviour of these printed patterns under different mechanical stresses and environmental conditions is important for their real-life application use. The present work addresses a special system, silver interconnects on silica-coated mesoporous polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate. The combination of the substrate porosity and roughness, and a sintering temperature limited by the low glass transition temperature (T
g) of the PET leads to unique behaviours that may easily be misinterpreted. Thus, while the interconnect resistance increases during stretching and decreases with unloading, the resistance at zero load is lower after a given cycle than before it and it continues to drop in consecutive cycles. This effect is stronger for higher strain amplitudes, but it could be reduced or eliminated by preceding low temperature annealing. Humidity exposure and thermal cycling also led to major drops in resistance, albeit for different reasons, but both led to faster fatigue in subsequent mechanical deformation. Accounting for these behaviours in the assessment of life under realistic use conditions requires a mechanistic understanding.
On generalized Newton’s aerodynamic problem
Authors: Plakhov A. 
Published: March 2022

We consider the generalized Newton’s least resistance problem for convex bodies: minimize the functional

∬
Ω

(
1
+

|

∇
u
(
x
,
y
)

|

2

)

−
1

d
x

d
y

\iint _\Omega (1 + |\nabla u(x,y)|^2)^{-1} dx\, dy

in the class of concave functions

u
:
Ω
→
[
0
,
M
]

u\colon \Omega \to [0,M]

, where the domain

Ω
⊂

R

2

\Omega \subset \mathbb {R}^2

is convex and bounded and

M
>
0

M > 0

. It has been known (see G. Buttazzo, V. Ferone, and B. Kawohl [Math. Nachr. 173 (1995), pp. 71–89]) that if

u
u

solves the problem, then

|

∇
u
(
x
,
y
)

|

≥
1

|\nabla u(x,y)| \ge 1

at all regular points

(
x
,
y
)

(x,y)

such that

u
(
x
,
y
)
>
M

u(x,y) > M

. We prove that if the upper level set

L
=
{
(
x
,
y
)
:
u
(
x
,
y
)
=
M
}

L = \{ (x,y)\colon u(x,y) = M \}

has nonempty interior, then for almost all points of its boundary

(

x
¯

,

y
¯

)
∈
∂
L

(\bar {x}, \bar {y}) \in \partial L

one has

lim

(
x
,
y
)
→
(

x
¯

,

y
¯

)

u
(
x
,
y
)
>
M

|

∇
u
(
x
,
y
)

|

=
1

\lim _{\substack {(x,y)\to (\bar {x},\bar {y})\\u(x,y)>M}}|\nabla u(x,y)| = 1

. As a by-product, we obtain a result concerning local properties of convex surfaces near ridge points.
IRF8 as a Novel Marker to Differentiate Between CD30-Positive Large Cell Lymphomas
Authors: McQuaid Daniel C , Katz Samuel G , Xu Mina L 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Interferon regulatory factor 8 (IRF8) is a new biomarker shown to be positive in monocytic leukemias as well as in B cells. As a transcription factor, it plays a critical role in pre–B-cell differentiation and induction of tolerance pathways, among other functions. Given the frequent diagnostic dilemma in CD30-positive large cell lymphomas that could resemble both Hodgkin lymphoma and anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL), we sought to determine whether IRF8 can be useful in distinguishing between these neoplasms that require different treatment strategies.

Methods
In this retrospective study, 74 cases of classic Hodgkin lymphoma (CHL) and 7 cases of nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma (NLPHL) on a tissue microarray (TMA), as well as 15 individual cases of ALK-negative ALCL and 4 cases of ALK-positive ALCL, were stained for IRF8. Paired box 5 (PAX5) immunostaining of the TMA was also performed and compared alongside since that marker is occasionally the only marker to help clinically differentiate between T- and B-cell lymphomas with anaplastic/Hodgkin-like cytology.

Results
None (0%) of the ALCLs were positive for IRF8 while all (100%) of the NLPHLs and 85% of the CHLs were positive for IRF8. Six (8%) cases of CHL were PAX5 negative but IRF8 positive. Conversely, seven (10%) cases of CHL were PAX5 positive but IRF8 negative. Four (6%) cases of CHL were negative for both PAX5 and IRF8.

Conclusions
There is significant morphologic and immunophenotypic (CD30 positive and CD45 and CD20 negative) overlap between CHL and ALCL. Since many ALCLs show downregulation of lineage-specific T-cell markers or are “null cell” type, only PAX5 has been a reliable marker to differentiate between borderline cases. This is further confounded by positivity of PAX5 in some ALCLs due to amplification of PAX5. On the basis of recent discoveries of IRF8 function as well as performance as an immunostain, we tested this marker in human lymphoma samples and found that it aids in the discrimination between these tumors.
The Concept of Ideal Caucasian Male Lips: An Anthropometric Analysis of the Lower Third of the Face
Authors: Pietruski Piotr , Majak Marcin 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Background
The lips play a significant role in determining the aesthetic perception of a human face. However, there are little data on the perioral region morphometry of attractive males.

Objectives
This study investigates the morphology of the lower third of the face, including the lips and jawline, of attractive young Caucasian males.

Methods
A complex semi-automatic photogrammetric analysis of faces of male photo models (n = 300) of the Caucasian race, aged 18 to 39 years, was performed. Linear, angular, and surface area parameters were evaluated. In addition, an Averaged Body Contours image was created, providing the graphical summarization of facial size and shapes of all analyzed individuals.

Results
The height of the lower third of the face equaled 0.35 ± 0.03 of the total facial height. The average lip width was 50.98 ± 3.74 mm. The upper vermilion height was significantly lower than the lower vermilion height (5.9 ± 1.62 vs 11.15 ± 1.88 mm, P &lt; 0.01). The lip obliquity angle was found to be 1.01° ± 0.73°. The area surface of the lower lip vermilion was considerably larger than the vermilion of the upper lip (P &lt; 0.01).

Conclusions
The vast amount of morphometric data, including the novel presentation method as an Averaged Body Contours image, on the attractive male’s lower third of the face may provide the surgeons with practical guidelines for lip surgical and nonsurgical rejuvenation procedures. It may also support the perioral region reconstruction and sex reassignment surgery in achieving satisfactory results.
An evidence-based lexical pattern approach for quality assurance of Gene Ontology relations
Authors: Abeysinghe Rashmie , Yang Yuntao , Bartels Mason , Zheng W Jim , Cui Licong 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Gene Ontology (GO) is widely used in the biological domain. It is the most comprehensive ontology providing formal representation of gene functions (GO concepts) and relations between them. However, unintentional quality defects (e.g. missing or erroneous relations) in GO may exist due to the large size of GO concepts and complexity of GO structures. Such quality defects would impact the results of GO-based analyses and applications. In this work, we introduce a novel evidence-based lexical pattern approach for quality assurance of GO relations. We leverage two layers of evidence to suggest potentially missing relations in GO as follows. We first utilize related concept pairs (i.e. existing relations) in GO to extract relationship-specific lexical patterns, which serve as the first layer evidence to automatically suggest potentially missing relations between unrelated concept pairs. For each suggested missing relation, we further identify two other existing relations as the second layer of evidence that resemble the difference between the missing relation and the existing relation based on which the missing relation is suggested. Applied to the 15 December 2021 release of GO, this approach suggested a total of 866 potentially missing relations. Local domain experts evaluated the entire set of potentially missing relations, and identified 821 as missing relations and 45 indicate erroneous existing relations. We submitted these findings to the GO consortium for further validation and received encouraging feedback. These indicate that our evidence-based approach can be utilized to uncover missing relations and erroneous existing relations in GO.
Face Identification Using Conditional Generative Adversarial Network
Authors: Kais Jameel Samer , Majidpour Jafar , Al-Talabani Abdulbasit K , Anwar Qadir Jihad 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Most of research studies that have dealt with face corrupted images to the level of being unrecognizable by a human are based on full image reconstruction. In some real scenarios, a single corrupted image might need to be recognized among a limited number of available clean images. This study deals with face identification from artificially corrupted images with various kinds of noises. The work proposes a face identification conditional generative adversarial network (FI-CGAN) model to identify faces based on the CGAN. The proposed models reconstruct the corrupted image based on available clean images to map the corrupted image to a specific label. The classification is made using the nearest neighbor method with peak signal-to-noise ratio, mean squared error and structural similarity index as metrics. The study used the Specs on Faces dataset and achieved a satisfactory performance for face identification.
Integrating palliative care into the modern cardiac intensive care unit: a review
Authors: Kim Joseph M , Godfrey Sarah , O’Neill Deirdre , Sinha Shashank S , Kochar Ajar , Kapur Navin K , Katz Jason N , Warraich Haider J 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The modern cardiac intensive care unit (CICU) specializes in the care of a broad range of critically ill patients with both cardiac and non-cardiac serious illnesses. Despite advances, most conditions that necessitate CICU admission such as cardiogenic shock, continue to have a high burden of morbidity and mortality. The CICU often serves as the final destination for patients with end-stage disease, with one study reporting that one in five patients in the USA die in an intensive care unit (ICU) or shortly after an ICU admission. Palliative care is a broad subspecialty of medicine with an interdisciplinary approach that focuses on optimizing patient and family quality of life (QoL), decision-making, and experience. Palliative care has been shown to improve the QoL and symptom burden in patients at various stages of illness, however, the integration of palliative care in the CICU has not been well-studied. In this review, we outline the fundamental principles of high-quality palliative care in the ICU, focused on timeliness, goal-concordant decision-making, and family-centred care. We differentiate between primary palliative care, which is delivered by the primary CICU team, and secondary palliative care, which is provided by the consulting palliative care team, and delineate their responsibilities and domains. We propose clinical triggers that might spur serious illness communication and reappraisal of patient preferences. More research is needed to test different models that integrate palliative care in the modern CICU.