bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Daubing Titipu: Transnational Material Contexts of Nineteenth-Century Hand-Colored Photography in Japan
Authors: Sharma Rahul 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis article examines the photographic paper and the colorant in an album of hand-colored photographs made in Japan and explores the interconnectedness between industry and the arts. To do so, it looks at the historical discourse over hand-coloring materials and follows the chain of manufacture for albumen paper in Europe, comparing both to the material evidence in the album. By doing so, this article shows that the networks of information transfer, labor, and capital worked in tandem to create the conditions of production for the photographs.
Casein kinase 1α regulates murine spermatogenesis via p53-Sox3 signaling
Authors: Lu Chenyang , Zhang Di , Zhang Jinglin , Li Liuhui , Qiu Jingtao , Gou Kemian , Cui Sheng 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACTCasein kinase 1α (CK1α), acting as one member of the β-catenin degradation complex, negatively regulates the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. CK1α knockout usually causes both Wnt/β-catenin and p53 activation. Our results demonstrated that conditional disruption of CK1α in spermatogonia impaired spermatogenesis and resulted in male mouse infertility. The progenitor cell population was dramatically decreased in CK1α conditional knockout (cKO) mice, while the proliferation of spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) was not affected. Furthermore, our molecular analyses identified that CK1α loss was accompanied by nuclear stability of p53 protein in mouse spermatogonia, and dual-luciferase reporter and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays revealed that p53 directly targeted the Sox3 gene. In addition, the p53 inhibitor pifithrin α (PFTα) partially rescued the phenotype observed in cKO mice. Collectively, our data suggest that CK1α regulates spermatogenesis and male fertility through p53-Sox3 signaling, and they deepen our understanding of the regulatory mechanism underlying the male reproductive system.
Ethological characteristics of the primary depressive episode
Authors: Khomitskyi M. , Makoid V. 
Published: June 2022

Significant polymorphism of the clinical picture of depression and certain contradictions of scientific views on the nosological specificity of these conditions complicate the establishment of specific clinical and psychopathological signs of endogenous and psychogenic depression, their typology, dynamics, prognosis, which makes the study of nonverbal behavior relevant and promising task. The purpose of the study was to establish the psychopathological and clinical-ethological manifestations of the primary depressive episode and to conduct a comparative analysis of endogenous and psychogenic variants of the primary depressive episode. Contingents and methods. Based on the principles of bioethics, 96 patients (49 men and 47 women) with primary depressive episode – main group – who applied for outpatient psychiatric department of Zaporizhzhia regional psychiatry clinic in 2018-2021 were clinically examined. Diagnostic conclusions were made in accordance with the ICD-10 criteria. The control group consisted of 35 mentally healthy individuals, comparable in age and gender composition with the study group. Results. Patients with mild and moderate severity of the primary depressive episode are characterized by sad look, poses of reflection, submission, concentration in combination with facial expressions of suffering, guilt, helplessness, pensiveness, sideways, wrinkles on the forehead, stereotyped hand movements, head, head, reducing the synchronicity of gestural, facial and motor components of motility; avoidance of contacts and a sharp decrease in reactions to external influences. Severe manifestations of depression are characterized by sad and mournful facial expressions, lowered corners of the mouth, quiet voice, motor retardation, facial expressions of suffering, guilt and shame. Conclusion. The ethological component of the clinical-psychopathological method, based on the description of nonverbal behavior, can significantly improve the diagnostic capabilities of early detection of depressive episode, provides additional tools for typological differentiation and severity of patients with primary depressive episode.
Cultivating a Leadership Pipeline: Using a Real Options Lens to Understand Executives’ Strategic Staffing Decisions
Authors: Campion Michael C. , Campion Emily D. , Campion Michael A. , Bauer Talya N. 
Published: June 2022

This paper adapts real options theory to explain how executives create and maintain real options portfolios within leadership pipelines. Hypotheses flowing from our theorizing predict that executives often make seemingly risky staffing decisions for leaders who occupy stepping-stone positions. Focusing on their option (future potential) rather than project (current productivity) value, executives laterally transfer leaders in stepping-stone positions frequently, despite it resulting in lower short-term job performance, but often promote these leaders at lower levels of performance and sooner. Once leaders are promoted to destination positions where they may stay indefinitely, executives tend to transfer high-performing leaders more often but not when they are still improving the effectiveness of their current unit. We present evidence suggesting that executives make these decisions to improve other units and maintain a flexible system, possibly recapturing previous investments in developing those leaders. We provide empirical support for our hypotheses using eight years of data in a large retail organization (n = 25,004) where executives overseeing thousands of units made internal mobility decisions. These findings refine real options theory, show that it explains these phenomena better than existing theories, and provide important and immediately usable practical implications for executives. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2022.1608 .
An update for general dental practitioners on a new medication for the management of patients with haemophilia A
Authors: Fenesan Stephanie , Madan Bella , Nizarali Najla 
Published: June 2022

Emicizumab is a new medication used in the treatment of people with haemophilia A and there is little in the current literature providing guidance for dental treatment. It is important to risk assess dental procedures appropriately according to their bleeding risk and to liaise closely with the patient's haematology team. This article provides an overview of emicizumab, its mechanism of action and implications for dental treatment, as well as examples of surgical management plans provided by the haemophilia team. CPD/Clinical Relevance: It is important to liaise closely with the patient's haemophilia team to ensure provision of safe dental treatment.
Management of molar–incisor hypomineralization and hypodontia in monozygotic twins: a case report
Authors: Joshi Nikita , Mcloughlin Claire 
Published: June 2022

Molar–incisor hypomineralization (MIH) is the hypomineralization of permanent first molars and is often associated with similarly affected incisors. This can lead to caries development and post-eruptive enamel breakdown. Early diagnosis and management are of prime importance to prevent premature loss of these molars at a young age, and to mitigate against negative changes on the patient's quality of life. This is particularly true when the patients also present with hypodontia. Wherever possible, conservative management in primary care should be undertaken. This case report explores the presentation and on-going treatment of MIH, and hypodontia, illustrated in monozygotic twin males. CPD/Clinical Relevance: It is important to consider factors involved in the early identification of MIH and hypodontia and to develop strategies to treat the patient.
Fiber-based vortex beam source operating in a broadband or tunable mode
Authors: Bernas Marta , Napiorkowski Maciej , Zolnacz Kinga , Statkiewicz-Barabach Gabriela , Kiczor Anna , Mergo Pawel , Urbanczyk Waclaw 
Published: June 2022

We demonstrate a fiber-based optical vortex beam source operating in broadband or tunable mode in the spectral range of 1100–1400 nm. The vector vortices of the total angular momenta equal to +2, 0, and −2 are obtained by converting the respective linearly polarized (LP11) modes of the two-mode birefringent PANDA fiber with stress-applying elements by gradually twisting its output section. At the input end, the PANDA fiber is powered by broadband supercontinuum or tunable Raman solitons generated in the LP11 polarization modes of a birefringent microstructured fiber with a specially designed dispersion profile and coupled to the respective LP11 modes of the PANDA fiber. Two pulse lasers operating in different regimes (1 ns/1064 nm and 190 fs/1037 nm) were used as the pump to generate supercontinuum or tunable solitons directly in the LP11 modes of the microstructured fiber purely excited with a special Wollaston prism-based method. The high modal and polarization purities of the beams after successive transformations were experimentally confirmed. We also proved the vortex nature of the output beams using shearing interferometry.
Characteristics of 2-drug regimen users living with HIV-1 in a real-world setting: A large-scale medical claim database analysis in Japan
Authors: Ruzicka Daniel J. , Kamakura Mayuko , Kuroishi Naho , Oshima Nobuyuki , Yamatani Miyuki , Yi Jingbo , Crawford Bruce , Tsukada Kunihisa , Oka Shinichi 
Published: June 2022

Background
Regimen simplification to 2-drug antiretroviral therapy (2-ART) may address potential tolerability issues, increase adherence, and reduce toxicity and potential drug-drug-interactions among people living with HIV-1 (PLWH). However, real-world treatment patterns and characteristics of 2-ART users are unclear.

Methods
This retrospective observational cohort study employed a large-scale medical claim database of Japanese hospitals to extract data on 4,293 PLWH aged ≥18 years with diagnosis of HIV and treated with any ART regimens between April 2008 and April 2019. A 2-ART cohort was compared with a 3-drug antiretroviral therapy (3-ART) cohort in terms of population characteristics, comorbid conditions, and treatment patterns. Treatment switching rates were calculated for each cohort followed by sensitivity analysis to confirm the robustness of the findings.

Results
There were 94 individuals identified in the 2-ART cohort. Compared to the standard 3-ART cohort (n = 3,993), the 2-ART cohort was older (median age 53 [IQR 44–64] vs 42 years [IQR 35–50]), with a lower proportion of males (87.2% vs 93.8%), higher Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) (median score 6 [IQR 5–8] vs 5 [IQR 4–6]), more co-medications (median 6 [IQR 4–11] vs 3 [IQR 2–7]), and a higher percentage of AIDS-defining conditions (66.0% vs 42.8%). The most common 2-ART were protease inhibitor (PI) + integrase strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI) and non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) + INSTI (33.0% and 31.9%, respectively). Overall, most of the regimens were nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI)-sparing (71.3%), with a decreasing trend over time (76.2% to 70.2%). ART regimen switch occurred more often in the 2-ART cohort than in the 3-ART cohort (33.0% vs 21.2%).

Conclusion
The profiles of individuals on 2-ART in Japan were demonstrated to be complex. Most were treated with NRTI-sparing regimens which may reflect an effort to reduce treatment-related toxicities.
The prevalence of mild cognitive impairment by aspects of social isolation
Authors: Ishikawa Kyle Masato , Davis James , Chen John J. , Lim Eunjung 
Published: June 2022

Objectives
This study describes the prevalence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) across different aspects of social isolation among adults 65 years or older.

Methods
In this cross-sectional study, we utilized the Wave 3 data from the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project (NSHAP). MCI was defined as a Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score less than 23. Prevalence of MCI was calculated for above and below average social disconnectedness (SD), perceived isolation (PI), and demographic variables age, gender, race/ethnicity, education, and household income.

Results
The overall prevalence [and 95% confidence interval] of MCI was 27.5% [25.5–29.6]. The high prevalence of MCI was found in those who had above average SD (32.0% [29.1–34.9]), above average PI (33.3% [29.7–36.8]), were older in age (43.1% [38.9–47.3]), male (28.7% [25.9–31.5]), Black (61.1% [52.5–69.6]), had less than a high school education (66.3% [58.9–73.8]), or were in the lowest income group (46.2% [39.7–52.7]). Those with above average SD or PI had a higher prevalence of MCI in almost all demographics, compared to those with below average SD or PI. Those who were Black or African American or had less than a high school education did not have a greater prevalence of MCI when SD was above average.

Discussion
This current study adds to the body of literature that links SD and PI to MCI and sheds light on the possible existing socio-demographic disparities. Groups with greater than average SD or PI tend to have a higher prevalence of MCI. Further studies are needed to establish a causal association of SD and PI with MCI.
Calako skarn-a: ezaugarri geokimikoak eta U-Pb datazioak
Authors: Urbieta Galarraga Jule , Garcia de Madinabeitia Sonia , Beranoaguirre de Miguel Aratz , Gil Ibarguchi José Ignacio 
Published: June 2022

Cala meategia Ossa-Morena Zonaldean (OMZ) kokatzen da, Iberiar Mazizoaren hego-mendebaldean. Hango mineralizazioa nahiko konplexua denez, az- ken urteotan asko eztabaidatu da horren inguruan, baina berriki egin diren ikerketa- lanen arabera, mineralizazioaren zati bat bertan azaleratzen den skarn kaltziko bate- kin erlazionatuta dagoela interpretatu da. Lan honetan skarn-eko granateak datatu dira U-Pb sistema eta LA-ICP-MS metodoaren bidez. Mineral horiek primarioak direnez, metasomatismoa datatzea ere posible izan da skarna bera ere datatuz. Lortutako emai- tzen arabera skarna duela 335 ± 1 Ma sortu zela ondorioztatu da. Granate kaltzikoen (Gros52-59Andr40-44) konposizio kimikoa nahiko homogeneoa da, batez ere elementu nagusiak aztertzean, eta aztarna elementuen zein REE-en kontzentrazioak zonazio oso ahula erakusten dute, batik bat elementu tribalenteetan. Honenbestez, granate hauen so- rreran sistemako P-T baldintzak nahiko konstante mantendu zirela ondorioztatu da.
Efficiency analysis of dual motor powertrain with planetary gear set
Authors: Mishra Shivam , Dominic D Arun , Mudliyar Karuna , Divakar Manjula 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This paper focuses on electric vehicles with dual motors combined with a planetary gear train. The combination of sun and ring motor allows for achieving higher efficiencies and satisfying power demands as compared to single motor powertrains. Primarily dual motor drive with planetary gear train is proposed and simulated with different drive cycles. Secondarily by extracting the motor efficiency maps working area of different modes, speed and efficiency are determined. Finally, an optimization algorithm was developed to automatically change speed and torque as per load demand. In this way, our work could represent a framework for improving efficiency performances and load demands of an electric vehicle.
Developing nursing students’ informatics competencies – A Canadian faculty perspective
Authors: Chauvette Amelia , Kleib Manal , Paul Pauline 
Published: June 2022

Abstract

Objectives
The aim of this study was to explore nursing faculty experiences in integrating digital tools to support undergraduate students’ learning and development of nursing informatics competencies.

Methods
This focused ethnography study used a combination of semi-structured interviews, document reviews, and field visits. Convenience and snowball sampling were applied to recruit participants. Data were analyzed concurrently with data collection, using thematic analysis.

Results
Twenty-one faculty members from nine undergraduate nursing programs in Western Canada participated. Themes discussed include: 1) meaning of the term nursing informatics, 2) faculty perceived nursing informatics competence, 3) developing students’ nursing informatics competencies, 4) facilitators, and 5) challenges.

Conclusions
Nursing faculty are relatively engaged in developing students’ informatics competencies. However, challenges must be addressed and faculty need more support to improve their own informatics capacity. Implications for Practice and Research: This study has implications for faculty, nursing program administrators, and nursing organizations.
Establishments in the Covid-19-Crisis (BeCovid): A High-Frequency Establishment Survey to Monitor the Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Bellmann Lutz , Gleiser Patrick , Hensgen Sophie , Kagerl Christian , Leber Ute , Roth Duncan , Umkehrer Matthias , Stegmaier Jens 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The high-frequency establishment survey “Establishments in the Covid-19-Crisis” (BeCovid) started in 2020 and continued until June 2022 to collect monthly data on how businesses in Germany adjusted to the challenges of the pandemic. This article describes the survey design and provides an overview over the topics covered. We further outline the survey’s research potentials, particularly when linked to administrative records.
Unmet needs in Cushing’s syndrome: the patients’ perspective
Authors: Valassi Elena , Chiodini Iacopo , Feelders Richard A , Andela Cornelie D , Abou-Hanna Margueritta , Idres Sarah , Tabarin Antoine 
Published: June 2022

Background
Cushing’s syndrome (CS) is a rare condition of chronically elevated cortisol levels resulting in diverse comorbidities, many of which endure beyond successful treatment affecting the quality of life. Few data are available concerning patients’ experiences of diagnosis, care and persistent comorbidities.

Objective
To assess CS patients’ perspectives on the diagnostic and care journey to identify unmet therapeutic needs.

Methods
A 12-item questionnaire was circulated in 2019 by the World Association for Pituitary Organisations. A parallel, 13-item questionnaire assessing physician perceptions on CS patient experiences was performed.

Results
Three hundred twenty CS patients from 30 countries completed the questionnaire; 54% were aged 35–54 and 88% were female; 41% were in disease remission. The most burdensome symptom was obesity/weight gain (75%). For 49% of patients, time to diagnosis was over 2 years. Following treatment, 88.4% of patients reported ongoing symptoms including, fatigue (66.3%), muscle weakness (48.8%) and obesity/weight gain (41.9%). Comparisons with delay in diagnosis were significant for weight gain (P = 0.008) and decreased libido (P = 0.03). Forty physicians completed the parallel questionnaire which showed that generally, physicians poorly estimated the prevalence of comorbidities, particularly initial and persistent cognitive impairment. Only a minority of persistent comorbidities (occurrence in 1.3–66.3%; specialist treatment in 1.3–29.4%) were managed by specialists other than endocrinologists. 63% of patients were satisfied with treatment.

Conclusion
This study confirms the delay in diagnosing CS. The high prevalence of persistent comorbidities following remission and differences in perceptions of health between patients and physicians highlight a probable deficiency in effective multidisciplinary management for CS comorbidities.
Sex-specific modulation of circulating growth differentiation factor-15 in patients with type 2 diabetes and/or obesity
Authors: Asrih Mohamed , Sinturel Flore , Dubos Richard , Guessous Idris , Pataky Zoltan , Dibner Charna , Jornayvaz François R , Gariani Karim 
Published: June 2022

Objective
Growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF15), a key metabolic regulator, is associated with obesity and diabetes in which sex-specific differences have been reported. Thus, we assessed whether GDF15 could be dependent on sex in diabetes and/or obesity groups.

Methods
We measured serum GDF15 levels by ELISA in eight lean women and men (n = 16), eight women and eight men having obesity (n = 16), eight women and eight men with type 2 diabetes (T2D, n = 16), and seven women and nine men with both diabetes and obesity (n = 16). Estimation of the difference in the means of each group was performed by two-way ANOVA. The interdependence of the different variates was addressed by multivariate analysis. Correlations between GDF15 levels and HOMA-IR, HbA1c, triglycerides, HDL, and LDL were explored by linear regression.

Results
Being a woman and having obesity alone or in combination with diabetes decreased GDF15 serum levels (β = −0.47, CI = −0.95, 0.00, P = 0.052; β = −0.45, CI = −0.94, 0.05, P= 0.075). Diabetes independently of metformin treatment and obesity were not predictive of low GDF15 levels (β = 0.10, CI = −0.36, 0.57, P = 0.7). Correlation analysis showed that HOMA-IR (r = 0.45, P = 0.008) and triglycerides (r = 0.41, P = 0.017) were positively correlated and HDL (r = −0.48, P = 0.005) was negatively correlated with GDF15 levels in men.

Conclusions/interpretation
GDF15 level was significantly different between men and women, as well as between the groups. Sex and group interaction revealed that being a woman and having obesity alone or in combination with diabetes decreased GDF15 levels.
Pediatric EVALI in the Age of COVID-19/MIS-C: Diagnostic Considerations
Authors: Day-Lewis Megan , Chiel Laura , Gaffin Jonathan , Lee Pui Y. , Chandler Mia T. , Son Mary Beth , Casey Alicia M. , Halyabar Olha 
Published: June 2022

OBJECTIVES
Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) and e-cigarette or vaping product use-associated lung injury (EVALI) have significant overlap in clinical features, which can contribute to delay in identification and treatment. The objectives of this report were to identify and describe features that are common in both diagnoses and those that may help distinguish EVALI from MIS-C, and to highlight the diagnostic challenges observed at our tertiary medical center.

METHODS
We identified adolescents diagnosed with MIS-C who had respiratory or gastrointestinal symptoms and patients diagnosed with EVALI during the same time period. We compared demographics, history, clinical manifestations, laboratory findings, and features of the hospital course to determine areas of overlap between MIS-C and EVALI, as well as distinct features of each diagnosis. Mann–Whitney U test was used to compare continuous variables and Fisher’s exact test was used to compare categorical variables.

RESULTS
We found that cardiovascular and mucocutaneous findings and thrombocytopenia were more common in MIS-C. EVALI patients had a higher degree of inflammation and history of antecedent weight loss. Providers at our institution were more likely to consider MIS-C than EVALI on the differential diagnosis, including in patients with vaping history and no evidence of previous severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection.

CONCLUSIONS
This study emphasizes the need for a thorough collection of substance use history for all patients and consideration of EVALI in adolescents who present with respiratory compromise or gastrointestinal symptoms and systemic inflammation, particularly in the absence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 exposure or cardiac findings characteristic of MIS-C.