bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Joint Channel Assignment and Bandwidth Reservation using Improved FireFly Algorithm (IFA) in WMN
Authors: narayanarao narayanarao , Reddy A. Rajasekhar 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In WMN, at the time of network consignment and bandwidth registration, the active network consignment method did not take into consideration the intrusion, congestion load and bandwidth necessities as a whole. The significance centred bandwidth registration methods result in famishment of slightest significance congestion. Hence in this paper, we propose a Joint Channel Assignment and Bandwidth Reservation using Improved FireFly Algorithm (IFA) in WMN. Initially the priority of each node is determined based on the channel usage, future interference and link congestion probability metrics. The bandwidth is allocated straight, comparative to the nodule significance and entire quantity of congestion movements incomplete on the demanded nodule. For channel assignment and path selection, the improved FireFly Algorithm (IFA) is used. The objective function of IFA is determined in terms of link capacity, interference and flow conservation constraints. Then the channels and the path which minimize the objective function are selected by applying IFA. By simulation results we show that the proposed technique minimizes the traffic and enhances the channel efficiency.
Thermogravimetric analysis of the combustion of Tuva coals before and after their carbonization
Authors: Zhuikov A. V. , Loginov D. A. , Mongush G. R. , Chicherin S. V. , Zemlyansky N. A. 
Published: July 2022

The process of combusting Tuva coals before and after their carbonization was studied using the methods of thermogravimetric analysis and electron microscopy. Coal samples were subjected to thermomechanical and elemental analysis, which revealed a higher content of volatile substances in Kaa-Khem coal (47.5 %) compared to Chadan coal (10 %). Following carbonization, a decrease in volatile substances to 11.5 % and 9.3 %, respectively, was observed. The conducted thermogravimetric analysis showed the ignition temperature of the coke residue of the Kaa-Khem and Chadan coal samples to increase by 76 °C and 90 °C, respectively, after carbonization. The burnup temperature of the coke residue after carbonizing (723 °C) Kaa-Khem coal samples remained effectively the same, while the Chadan coal showed an increase from 704 °C to 727 °C. The carbonization of coals was established to decrease the maximum reaction rate from 19 % per min to 10% per min for Kaa-Khem coal and from 26 % per min to 11 % per min for Chadan coal. The process of combusting the coke residue after coal carbonization was found to shift into the region of higher temperatures: from 448–723°C to 524–724°C for Kaa-Khem coal and from 436–704 °C to 526–727 °C for Chadan coal. A morphological analysis of the surface of coal particles after carbonization showed the appearance of larger-size pores and cracks on the surface of carbonates compared to coal before carbonization. The conclusion is made that the content of volatile substances, rather than the developed pore structure, comprises the main factor in improving the combustion characteristics of Tuva coals under the conditions of non-isothermal heating before and after their carbonization.
Power control of electric heating elements using thyristor voltage and resistance converters
Authors: Rudykh A. V. , Sukyasov S. V. 
Published: July 2022

This article investigates the energy efficiency of thyristor converters with an active load. The conversion of electric energy in a “thyristor converter – electric heating element” installation is considered from the standpoint of electromagnetic theory. The energy characteristics of the considered installation was calculated in the MATLAB environment. When thyristor voltage converters are operated under the mode of controlling the power of active load, passive power was found to be generated at the input during the non-conductive state of the converter (thyristor is locked). The use of passive power allows additional thermal energy to be obtained by means of an extensive use of voltage, without increasing the current consumption. An increase in the depth of power control of electric heating elements by thyristor voltage converters leads to a significant increase in passive power. In the active power control range (50–100% of the nominal value), the factor accounting for variations in the total power in the converter due to an incomplete use of the voltage at the input of the considered installation decreases from 1.0 to 0.93. This reduces the power factor of the load converter from 0.97 to 0.925. Despite the high value of the load power factor (in the control interval 0–50% of the rated power value), the factor accounting for variations in the total power was found to be reduced to 0.66. As a result, the power factor of the converter with the load is reduced by ~ 33%. In order to increase the efficiency of converting electrical energy to control the active load power, it is proposed to use thyristor resistance converters that vary the electrical resistance of the load over time. It is shown that unsatisfactory operation of a thyristor voltage converter can be caused by inefficient use of voltage at the input of the “thyristor converter – electric heating element” installation. When using thyristor resistance converters, the current non-sinusoidality factor does not exceed 1.5 % and the voltage non-sinusoidality factor in a 0.38 kV network does not exceed 0.2 %.
Effect of damping ditch on blasting vibration reduction by field experiment and numerical simulation
Authors: Niu Jiayong , Xie Qiang , Zhang Xuhao , Zhang Jianjing , Xiang Bo 
Published: July 2022

In order to analyze the influence of a damping ditch on the blasting vibration, a large number of on-site monitoring tests with or without damping ditch were carried out based on the foundation pit excavation project. Based on the Sadovsky’s empirical formula, the optimized vibration velocity attenuation model was established by using the waveform subsection correspondence method and least square method. The calculation results are in good agreement with the measurement results. The average errors in radial direction and vertical direction are 17.04 % and 10.76 % respectively. A series of finite element models were established to study the influence of the damping ditch geometry on the damping effect. The experimental and numerical results show that the damping ditch can obviously reduce the blasting seismic effect, with the highest damping ratio in the area near blasting source. For different damping ditches, the damping ratio first increases and then decreases proportionally to the increase of distance between the measuring point and the blasting zone. The damping ditch depth has the best damping effect on blasting vibration, followed by the distance between the damping ditch and the blasting source, and finally the damping ditch width, which is consistent with the damping mechanism of theoretical analysis. The attenuation of the surface wave is only related to the damping ditch depth. The research results can provide a reference for the design of blasting vibration isolation.
Priorities and Mechanisms of Agricultural Development in Russia and Its Regions in The New Reality
Authors: Petrikov A. V. 
Published: July 2022

In the new geopolitical reality, the problem of ensuring food security has become more acute both in the whole world and in Russia. The Government of the Russian Federation has taken a number of short-term measures to stimulate agriculture and stabilize the food market. However, there are a number of risks and threats to the agrarian economy in the medium and long term (insufficient level of development of the I sphere of the agroindustrial complex, which supplies agriculture with means of production and material and technical resources; dependence on imported technologies; unbalanced institutional structure of agriculture; weak diversification of the rural economy and lagging social sphere of the village). The article analyzes these risks and threats on the basis of international and domestic statistics, including the specifics of their manifestation in the context of the subjects of the Russian Federation. The directions of agrarian policy are considered in order to mitigate the mentioned threats, including measures for the development of agricultural science and commercialization of its results, stimulation of small business in the agro-industrial complex and agricultural cooperation, sustainable development of rural areas.
New Housing Construction as a Factor of Increasing the Vulnerability of Large Cities Population to Natural and Man-Made Hazards
Authors: Badina S. V. , Babkin R. A. , Skobeev N. M. 
Published: July 2022

The evolutionary socio-economic development of cities can be greatly accelerated under the stimulating effect of housing, commercial or infrastructure construction projects that change the structural and functional organization of the urban continuum in a short time. At the same time, the existing official statistical data have low spatial and temporal detail – most of the demographic variables have an annual representation in the context of municipalities, which does not allow considering local transformations. The use of mobile operators data and information on new housing construction makes it possible to identify the directions of morphological and functional transformation of urban space, linking the directions and scale of changes with potential natural and man-made risks for the study areas.
Polymeric Systems for Colon-specific Mesalazine Delivery in the
Intestinal Bowel Diseases Management
Authors: Junior Alberto Gomes Tavares , de Araújo Jennifer Thayanne Cavalcante , Duarte Jonatas Lobato , Silvestre Amanda Letícia Polli , Di Filippo Leonardo Delello , Chorilli Marlus 
Published: July 2022

Abstract:
The anti-inflammatory 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) is the main therapeutic option used in the prevention and treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases. The upper intestinal tract performs rapid and almost complete absorption of this drug when administered orally., making local therapeutic levels of the molecule in the inflamed colonic mucosa difficult to achieve. Micro and nanoparticle systems are promising for 5-ASA incorporation because the reduced dimensions of these structures can improve the drug's pharmacodynamics and contribute to more efficient and localized therapy. Together, the association of these systems with polymers will allow the release of 5-ASA through specific targeting mechanisms to the colon, as demonstrated in mesalazine modified-release dosage form. In this review, the challenges for the oral administration of 5-ASA and the different colon-specific delivery strategies using polymers will be summarized and discussed.
Comparison of Laccases and Hemeproteins Systems in Bioremediation of
Organic Pollutants
Authors: Lagoa Ricardo L. , Lopes João M. , Marques-da-Silva Dorinda , Videira Paula Q. 
Published: July 2022

Aims:
Laccases and peroxidases have attracted great interest for industrial and environmental
applications. These enzymes have a broad substrate range and a robust oxidizing ability. Moreover,
using mediators or co-oxidants makes it possible to increase their catalytic activity and extend their
substrate scope to more resistant chemical structures.

Background:
Fungal laccases and ligninolytic peroxidases, mainly lignin and manganese peroxidases,
are the privileged oxidoreductases for bioremediation processes. Nonetheless, an increasing diversity of
laccases and peroxidase-type enzymes has been proposed for environmental technologies.

Objective:
This article aims to provide an overview of these enzymes and compare their applicability in
the degradation of organic pollutants.

Method:
Fundamental properties of the proteins are covered and applications towards polycyclic aromatic
hydrocarbons (PAHs) and pesticides are specially focused.

Result:
Laccases are multicopper oxidases initially studied for applications in the pulp and paper industry
but able to oxidize a variety of environmentally concerning compounds. Relying on O2, laccases
do not require peroxides nor auxiliary agents, like Mn2+, although suitable redox mediators are needed
to attack the more recalcitrant pollutants (e.g., PAHs). True and pseudo-peroxidases use a stronger oxidant
(H2O2) and the redox chemistry at the heme site generates high potential species that allow the
oxidation of dyes and some pesticides.

Conclusion:
Lately, research efforts have been directed to enzyme discovery, testing with micropollutants,
and improving biocatalysts’ stability by immobilization and protein engineering. Further understanding
of the effects of natural media components and solvents on the enzymes might lead to competitive
enzymatic treatments of highly toxic media.
Comorbidities in Youth with Bipolar Disorder: Clinical Features and
Pharmacological Management
Authors: Sesso Gianluca , Brancati Giulio Emilio , Masi Gabriele 
Published: July 2022

Background:
Bipolar Disorder (BD) is a highly comorbid condition, and rates of cooccurring
disorders are even higher in youth. Comorbid disorders strongly affect clinical presentation,
natural course, prognosis, and treatment.

Method:
This review focuses on the clinical and treatment implications of the comorbidity between
BD and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, disruptive behavior disorders (Oppositional Defiant
Disorder and/or Conduct Disorder), alcohol and substance use disorders, Autism Spectrum Disorder,
anxiety disorders, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, and eating disorders.

Results:
These associations define specific conditions which are not simply a sum of different clinical
pictures, but occur as distinct and complex combinations with specific developmental pathways
over time and selective therapeutic requirements. Pharmacological treatments can improve these
clinical pictures by addressing the comorbid conditions, though the same treatments may also worsen
BD by inducing manic or depressive switches.

Conclusion:
The timely identification of BD comorbidities may have relevant clinical implications
in terms of symptomatology, course, treatment and outcome. Specific studies addressing the pharmacological
management of BD and comorbidities are still scarce, and information is particularly
lacking in children and adolescents; for this reason, the present review also included studies conducted
on adult samples. Developmentally-sensitive controlled clinical trials are thus warranted to
improve the prognosis of these highly complex patients, requiring timely and finely personalized
therapies.
Recent Developments, Challenges and Opportunities in Targeting the
KRAS Pathway
Authors: Pothuganti Manoj Kumar , Mitra Sayan , Iyer Pravin , Gowda Nagaraj 
Published: July 2022

Abstract:
KRAS is a highly mutated gene among cancers, especially in the lung, pancreatic and colorectal
cancers (CRC). Despite extensive efforts in the past three decades, KRAS remains undruggable. But
lately, inhibitors selectively binding to cysteine mutant at 12th position (G12C) are in clinical trials as a
single agent and in combination with other drugs. FDA approved LUMAKRAS (Sotorasib, AMG510) for
metastatic NSCLC, while Adagrasib (MRTX849) is under clinical trials, and it is showing good safety
and efficacy in pancreatic and GI tumors. Both these molecules demonstrated better response in NSCLC
but have less efficacy in colorectal and other solid cancers. Among non-G12C KRAS mutant cancers,
promising data are emerging from G12D inhibition. This review covers the status of KRAS G12C, non-
G12C inhibitors, and discusses different nodal proteins in the RAS signaling pathway, mechanism of
resistance in targeted therapy and combination approaches. Ongoing clinical trials with G12C inhibitors
have promising results. However, a combination of KRAS inhibition with other inhibitors of signaling
components in vertical axis (SHP2, SOS1, MEK, PI3K/AKT and EGFR inhibitors) might be beneficial
for durable clinical response. Sotorasib in combination with MEK inhibitor showed promising results in
preclinical xenograft and PDx models of KRAS mutated cancers. Although at a preclinical stage, other
approaches like Tri complex inhibitor, KRAS (ON) inhibitors, and non-G12C inhibitors are of significant
interest in KRAS drug discovery. Multiple targeted approaches are being explored based on tumor specific
gene expression profiles considering dynamic nature of KRAS activity and heterogeneity of hard to
treat tumors.
Extraction Methods and Applications of Bioactive Compounds from Neem
(Azadirachta indica): A Mini-Review
Authors: de Alba Samuel Lepe , García-González Conrado , Ortega Marcos A. Coronado , Bautista José R. Ayala , Alpírez Gisela Montero , Núñez Daniela G.L. Montes 
Published: July 2022

Abstract:
Neem tree (Azadirachta Indica), native to the Indian subcontinent, is known as a versatile plant, rich source of bioactive compounds such as azadirachtin, nimonol, nimocinol, nimocinolide, gallic acid, gallocatechin, epicatechin, azadiradione, nimbin, salannin, epoxyazadiradione, etc. The isolated from neem phytochemicals, among other, are more than 300. The present work details the techniques for extracting compounds from different parts of neem, such as bark, husk seed, seed, seeds oil, tree, leaves, and flowers. Furthermore, it comments on the various applications, including medicinal, environmental, and veterinary of the neem-derived bioactive compounds, as well as their use in cattle raising and in cosmetics, disinfectants, rubber, and textile production, on the basis of a systematic documentary analysis from 2019 onwards.
Platelet-rich Fibrin Promotes the Proliferation and Osteo-/odontoblastic
Differentiation of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells
Authors: Zhang Jian , Wu Jiankun , Lin Xiuya , Liu Xueli 
Published: July 2022

Background:
Pulp regeneration is a promising strategy that promotes the continued development of young permanent teeth with immature apical foramen. Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) was found to stimulate the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts, but its effects on osteoblast/odontoblast differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) is unknown.

Methods:
The hDPSCs were isolated and identified by flow cytometry using surface known markers. The CCK-8 assay and the expression of Ki67 and PCNA were used to examine hDPSC proliferation. After 7 days culture in osteo-/odontoblastic induction medium with various concentrations of liquid PRF (0, 10% and 20%), the marker of the early stage of osteogenesis-intracellular alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was checked. After 21 days culture, matrix mineralization was checked using Alizarin Red S and quantified. The mRNA and protein levels of osteo-/odontoblastic genes including RUNX2, DSPP, DMP1 and BSP were measured by qRT-PCR. Notch signal was checked by Western blot to analyze three key proteins (Notch 1, Jagged 1 and Hes 1).

Results:
PRF-treated groups showed higher expression of Ki-67 and PCNA, higher ALP activity, and the higher dose showed a stronger induction. PRF promoted osteo-/odontoblastic differentiation of hDPSCs indicated by elevated protein levels and mRNA levels of the expression of osteo-/odontoblastic markers. The three key proteins in Notch signaling all showed an increase compared with the control group, and increased as the PRF concentration became higher.

Conclusion:
PRF can promote the proliferation and osteo-/odontoblastic differentiation of hDPSC, which may be through the Notch signaling pathway.
Neuroimmune Dysregulation in Prepubertal and Adolescent Individuals Affected
by Klinefelter Syndrome
Authors: Fiore Marco , Tarani Luigi , Ceci Flavio Maria , Carito Valentina , Ferraguti Giampiero , Petrella Carla , Greco Antonio , Ralli Massimo , Minni Antonio , Spaziani Matteo , Isidori Andrea M. , Certo Maria Grazia Di , Barbato Christian , Putotto Carolina 
Published: July 2022

Background:
The syndrome Klinefelter syndrome (KS) is a genetic disorder due to an
extra X chromosome in males. Many cases remain undiagnosed until the onset of major manifestations,
which include hypergonadotropic hypogonadism and infertility. This condition is associated
with many comorbidities that involve the cardiovascular, endocrine, and immune systems.
Last but not the least, individuals with KS show a high risk of developing psychiatric and mood
disorders in adult age.

Objective:
While many studies are accessible on KS in adult individuals, the neuroinflammatory
condition in adolescent and prepubertal KS individuals is not fully known.

Methods:
Our study aims to evaluate in prepubertal and adolescent KS individuals, for the first
time, the levels of the serum of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), nerve growth factor
(NGF), cytokines having subtle roles in oxidative processes, and neuroinflammation with respect
to the levels of TNF-α, TGF-β, MCP-1, IL-1α, IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-12 and oxidative stress
by employing free oxygen radicals defense and free oxygen radicals test.

Results:
We found no changes in NGF and oxidative stress parameters, but BDNF decreased compared
to healthy children. Quite interestingly, our data showed reduced levels of IL-2, IL-1α, IL-
12, IL-10, and IL-6 in prepubertal KS children.

Conclusion:
The present study discloses disrupted immune system and neurotrophin pathways in
KS children.
A Comprehensive Review of Various Isolated DC-DC Converters Topologies
Associated with Photovoltaic Applications
Authors: Supriya J. , Rajashekar J.S. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract:
Environmentally friendly renewable energy sources showed substantial development over the most recent couple of years. Compared with other RES, extracting power from solar has become the most beneficial and profitable source because of its environmental friendly nature. In the process of extraction of power, DC-DC converters has given conspicuous interest due to their broad use in various applications. Although a lot of advancements, research work, and continuous tuning of circuits of photovoltaic systems, still remarkable efficiency and stability has not been achieved yet. In this paper, exhaustive research and development of DC-DC converters are identified and studied. It surveys the difficulties associated with implementing new converter topologies in photovoltaic applications. Presented new topologies that have simpler control, less number of components, economical, and suitable for solar applications. Various types of isolated converter are explained such as different bidirectional converters, high step- up converters, zero current switching, high frequency isolated converter, isolated converter with discontinuous input, quasi-Z-source converter, multiport converter, high efficient converter, single-switch converter and single-switch resonant converter. Different types of structure characteristics and operation of the converters are presented. Based on the distinct features, a comparison of the converters has been carried out. From the review, a single converter topology does not fulfill all requirements in the industry. Future scopes of the research trend are suggested. The current survey is to update the research carried out during the time gap.