bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of observer experience on multi-detector computed tomography aortic valve morphology assessment and valve size selection for transcatheter aortic valve replacement
Authors: Evertz Ruben , Hub Sebastian , Kowallick Johannes T. , Seidler Tim , Danner Bernhard C. , Hasenfuß Gerd , Toischer Karl , Schuster Andreas 
Published: December 2022

AbstractTranscatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has become the standard treatment for aortic stenosis in older patients. It increasingly relies on accurate pre-procedural planning using multidetector computed tomography (MDCT). Since little is known about the required competence levels for MDCT analyses, we comprehensively assessed MDCT TAVR planning reproducibility and accuracy with regard to valve selection in various healthcare workers. 20 randomly selected MDCT of TAVR patients were analyzed using dedicated software by healthcare professionals with varying backgrounds and experience (two structural interventionalists, one imaging specialist, one cardiac surgeon, one general physician, and one medical student). Following the analysis, the most appropriate Edwards SAPIEN 3™ and Medtronic CoreValve valve size was selected. Intra- and inter-observer variability were assessed. The first structural interventionalist was considered as reference standard for inter-observer comparison. Excellent intra- and inter-observer variability was found for the entire group in regard to the MDCT measurements. The best intra-observer agreement and reproducibility were found for the structural interventionalist, while the medical student had the lowest reproducibility. The highest inter-observer agreement was between both structural interventionalists, followed by the imaging specialist. As to valve size selection, the structural interventionalist showed the highest intra-observer reproducibility, independent of the brand of valve used. Compared to the reference structural interventionalist, the second structural interventionalist showed the highest inter-observer agreement for valve size selection [ICC 0.984, 95% CI 0.969–0.991] followed by the cardiac surgeon [ICC 0.947, 95%CI 0.900–0.972]. The lowest inter-observer agreement was found for the medical student [ICC 0.507, 95%CI 0.067–0.739]. While current state-of-the-art MDCT analysis software provides excellent reproducibility for anatomical measurements, the highest levels of confidence in terms of valve size selection were achieved by the performing interventional physicians. This was most likely attributable to observer experience.
Exploiting domain transformation and deep learning for hand gesture recognition using a low-cost dataglove
Authors: Faisal Md. Ahasan Atick , Abir Farhan Fuad , Ahmed Mosabber Uddin , Ahad Md Atiqur Rahman 
Published: December 2022

AbstractHand gesture recognition is one of the most widely explored areas under the human–computer interaction domain. Although various modalities of hand gesture recognition have been explored in the last three decades, in recent years, due to the availability of hardware and deep learning algorithms, hand gesture recognition research has attained renewed momentum. In this paper, we evaluate the effectiveness of a low-cost dataglove for classifying hand gestures in the light of deep learning. We have developed a cost-effective dataglove using five flex sensors, an inertial measurement unit, and a powerful microcontroller for onboard processing and wireless connectivity. We have collected data from 25 subjects for 24 static and 16 dynamic American sign language gestures for validating our system. Moreover, we proposed a novel Spatial Projection Image-based technique for dynamic hand gesture recognition. We also explored a parallel-path neural network architecture for handling multimodal data more effectively. Our method produced an F1-score of 82.19% for static gestures and 97.35% for dynamic gestures from a leave-one-out-cross-validation approach. Overall, this study demonstrates the promising performance of a generalized hand gesture recognition technique in hand gesture recognition. The dataset used in this work has been made publicly available.
Francisella tularensis PCR detection in Cape hares (Lepus capensis) and wild rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) in Algeria
Authors: Ammam Imene , Brunet Camille D. , Boukenaoui-Ferrouk Nouria , Peyroux Julien , Berthier Sylvie , Boutonnat Jean , Rahal Karim , Bitam Idir , Maurin Max 
Published: December 2022

AbstractTularemia is a zoonosis caused by the bacteriumFrancisella tularensis. Leporids are primary sources of human infections in the northern hemisphere. Africa is classically considered free of tularemia, but recent data indicate that this dogma might be wrong. We assessed the presence of this disease in wild leporids in Algeria. Between 2014 and 2018, we collected 74 leporids carcasses from spontaneously dead or hunted animals.Francisella tularensisDNA was detected by specific real-time PCR tests in 7/36 (19.44%) Cape hares (Lepus capensis) and 5/38 (13.15%) wild rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus). Known tularemia arthropod vectors infested half of the PCR-positive animals. At necropsy,F. tularensis-infected animals presented with an enlarged spleen (n = 12), enlarged adrenal glands (12), liver discoloration (12), hemorrhages (11), and pneumonia (11). Immunohistological examination of liver tissue from one animal was compatible with the presence ofF. tularensis. Our study demonstrates the existence of tularemia in lagomorphs in Algeria. It should encourage investigations to detect this disease among the human population of this country.
Changes in the hydro-climatic regime of the Hunza Basin in the Upper Indus under CMIP6 climate change projections
Authors: Nazeer Aftab , Maskey Shreedhar , Skaugen Thomas , McClain Michael E. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe Upper Indus Basin (UIB) heavily depends on its frozen water resources, and an accelerated melt due to the projected climate change may significantly alter future water availability. The future hydro-climatic regime and water availability of the Hunza basin (a sub-basin of UIB) were analysed using the newly released Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) climate projections. A data and parameter parsimonious precipitation-runoff model, the Distance Distribution Dynamics (DDD) model, was used with energy balance-based subroutines for snowmelt, glacier melt and evapotranspiration. The DDD model was set up for baseline (1991–2010), mid-century (2041–2060) and end-century (2081–2100) climates projections from two global circulation models (GCM), namely EC-Earth3 and MPI-ESM. The projections indicate a substantial increase in temperature (1.1–8.6 °C) and precipitation (12–32%) throughout the twenty-first century. The simulations show the future flow increase between 23–126% and the future glacier melt increase between 30–265%, depending on the scenarios and GCMs used. Moreover, the simulations suggest an increasing glacier melt contribution from all elevations with a significant increase from the higher elevations. The findings provide a basis for planning and modifying reservoir operation strategies with respect to hydropower generation, irrigation withdrawals, flood control, and drought management.
Beijing’s central role in global artificial intelligence research
Authors: AlShebli Bedoor , Cheng Enshu , Waniek Marcin , Jagannathan Ramesh , Hernández-Lagos Pablo , Rahwan Talal 
Published: December 2022

AbstractNations worldwide are mobilizing to harness the power of Artificial Intelligence (AI) given its massive potential to shape global competitiveness over the coming decades. Using a dataset of 2.2 million AI papers, we study inter-city citations, collaborations, and talent migrations to uncover dependencies between Eastern and Western cities worldwide. Beijing emerges as a clear outlier, as it has been the most impactful city since 2007, the most productive since 2002, and the one housing the largest number of AI scientists since 1995. Our analysis also reveals that Western cities cite each other far more frequently than expected by chance, East–East collaborations are far more common than East–West or West–West collaborations, and migration of AI scientists mostly takes place from one Eastern city to another. We then propose a measure that quantifies each city’s role in bridging East and West. Beijing’s role surpasses that of all other cities combined, making it the central gateway through which knowledge and talent flow from one side to the other. We also track the center of mass of AI research by weighing each city’s geographic location by its impact, productivity, and AI workforce. The center of mass has moved thousands of kilometers eastward over the past three decades, with Beijing’s pull increasing each year. These findings highlight the eastward shift in the tides of global AI research, and the growing role of the Chinese capital as a hub connecting researchers across the globe.
Difference between preferred and non-preferred leg in peak speed, acceleration, and deceleration variables and their relationships with the change-of-direction deficit
Authors: Silva Ana Filipa , Oliveira Rafael , Raya-González Javier , van den Hoek Daniel , Akyildiz Zeki , Yıldız Mehmet , Garrett Joel M. , Nobari Hadi , Clemente Filipe Manuel 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe aim of this study was two-fold: (i) analyze the variation of kinematic measures between using preferred and non-preferred legs while braking during the 5–0–5 change of direction test; and (ii) test the relationships between kinematic measures, and change-of-direction deficit (CODD). A cross-sectional study using twenty adult male soccer players (21.6 ± 2.0 years; 73.2 ± 6.1 kg; 174.8 ± 4.5 cm) was employed. Players performed three repetitions of the 5–0–5 test using each leg during the braking phase. Players have used the Polar Team Pro to obtain the kinematic measures of peak speed, peak acceleration, and peak deceleration. Additionally, the CODD was also obtained using single-beamed photocells. Comparisons revealed a significantly greater peak acceleration (+ 0.22 m/s2;p < 0.001) and deceleration (+ 0.17 m/s2;p = 0.004) for the non-preferred leg. There were no significant correlations were found between CODD and peak accelerations (r = − 0.014, [− 0.193; 0.166]), peak decelerations (r = − 0.052, [− 0.229; 0.128]) or peak speed (r = 0.118, [− 0.063; 0.291]). This study revealed that preferred and non-preferred leg must be analyzed differently since they are different in the kinematic variables. However, CODD seems independent of leg preference and the kinematic measures of a 5–0–5 change of direction test.
Acoustic Predictors of Ease of Understanding in Spanish Speakers With Dysarthria Associated With Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Moya-Galé Gemma , Wisler Alan A. , Walsh Stephen J. , McAuliffe Megan J. , Levy Erika S. 
Published: December 2022

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to examine selected baseline acoustic features of hypokinetic dysarthria in Spanish speakers with Parkinson's disease (PD) and identify potential acoustic predictors of ease of understanding in Spanish.

Method:
Seventeen Spanish-speaking individuals with mild-to-moderate hypokinetic dysarthria secondary to PD and eight healthy controls were recorded reading a translation of the Rainbow Passage. Acoustic measures of vowel space area, as indicated by the formant centralization ratio (FCR), envelope modulation spectra (EMS), and articulation rate were derived from the speech samples. Additionally, 15 healthy adults rated ease of understanding of the recordings on a visual analogue scale. A multiple linear regression model was implemented to investigate the predictive value of the selected acoustic parameters on ease of understanding.

Results:
Listeners' ease of understanding was significantly lower for speakers with dysarthria than for healthy controls. The FCR, EMS from the first 10 s of the reading passage, and the difference in EMS between the end and the beginning sections of the passage differed significantly between the two groups of speakers. Findings indicated that 67.7% of the variability in ease of understanding was explained by the predictive model, suggesting a moderately strong relationship between the acoustic and perceptual domains.

Conclusions:
Measures of envelope modulation spectra were found to be highly significant model predictors of ease of understanding of Spanish-speaking individuals with hypokinetic dysarthria associated with PD. Articulation rate was also found to be important (albeit to a lesser degree) in the predictive model. The formant centralization ratio should be further examined with a larger sample size and more severe dysarthria to determine its efficacy in predicting ease of understanding.
A novel axial air‐gap transverse flux switching PM generator: Design, simulation and prototyping
Authors: Ghaheri Aghil , Afjei Ebrahim , Torkaman Hossein 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWind energy as the cleanest source of renewable energy requires a highly efficient lightweight generator that provides maximum power density while having the least vibration noise and maintenance. In this study, an axial air gap transverse flux machine is presented, and all excitation sources are located in the stator. This structure provides lower core loss, weight and cost due to the full utilisation of the permanent magnets, SMC‐free structure and short magnetic flux path. In fact, by combining the features of a flux‐switching machine into a transverse flux generator with an axial air gap, it is possible to improve the performance of a direct‐drive wind turbine generator by overcoming traditional structures' challenges. To analyse the axial transverse flux switching permanent magnet generator performance characteristics, 3D finite element simulations have been performed, which have been validated by comparing them to the practical results of a single‐phase prototype. The results are in agreement with an acceptable error that is caused by manufacturing uncertainties.
Hydrostatic mass profiles of galaxy clusters in the eROSITA survey
Authors: Scheck Dominik , Sanders Jeremy S. , Biffi Veronica , Dolag Klaus , Bulbul Esra , Liu Ang 
Published: December 2022

Context. To assume hydrostatic equilibrium between the intracluster medium and the gravitational potential of galaxy clusters is an extensively used method to investigate their total masses.
Aims. We want to test hydrostatic masses obtained with an observational code in the context of the Spectrum-Roentgen-Gamma/eROSITA survey.
Methods. We used the hydrostatic modeling code MBProj2 to fit surface-brightness profiles to simulated clusters with idealized properties as well as to a sample of 93 clusters taken from the Magneticum Pathfinder simulations. We investigated the latter under the assumption of idealized observational conditions and also for realistic eROSITA data quality. The comparison of the fitted cumulative total mass profiles and the true mass profiles provided by the simulations allows us to gain knowledge both about the validity of hydrostatic equilibrium in each cluster and the reliability of our approach. Furthermore, we used the true profiles for gas density and pressure to compute hydrostatic mass profiles based on theory for every cluster.
Results. For an idealized cluster that was simulated to fulfill perfect hydrostatic equilibrium, we find that the cumulative total mass at the true r500 and r200 can be reproduced with deviations of less than 7%. For the clusters from the Magneticum Pathfinder simulations under idealized observational conditions, the median values of the fitted cumulative total masses at the true r500 and r200 are in agreement with our expectations, taking into account the hydrostatic mass bias. Nevertheless, we find a tendency towards steeper cumulative total mass profiles in the outskirts than expected. For realistic eROSITA data quality, this steepness problem intensifies for clusters with high redshifts and leads to excessive cumulative total masses at r200. For the hydrostatic masses based on the true profiles known from the simulations, we find good agreement with our expectations concerning the hydrostatic mass.
Professor Alain Krief: Advancing Chemistry; From Innovative Synthesis to Promoting Sustainable Development
Authors: Hopf Henning , Mehta Goverdhan , Matlin Stephen A. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractOver more than five decades, Alain Krief’s career has encompassed many contributions to chemistry, notably in his innovative work in the areas of organic synthesis and the use of inorganic and organic reagents, as well as his work on bioorganic chemistry and applications of information technology in chemistry. His research on the synthesis of cyclopropanes, including chrysanthemic acid and other pyrethroids, and the uses of selenium compounds in organic synthesis, have been of particular importance and have found widespread applications. In addition, his roles in international collaborations in research and his leadership of the International Organization for Chemical Sciences in Development from 2009 to 2020 have marked his strong commitment to the importance of chemistry as a science for the benefit of society and a contributor to the goal of sustainable development.1	Introduction2	A Spectrum of Research3	Leadership of the International Organization for Chemical Sciences
in Development (IOCD)
Reconstruction of the Axillary Region after Excision of Hidradenitis Suppurativa: A Systematic Review
Authors: Amendola Francesco , Cottone Giuseppe , Alessandri-Bonetti Mario , Borelli Francesco , Catapano Simone , Carbonaro Riccardo , Riccardi Francesca , Vaienti Luca 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Introduction Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic, debilitating, recurrent, auto-inflammatory disease of the pilosebaceous units of the skin. The axillary region is the most affected anatomical site and its reconstructive options include skin grafts, local random plasties, regional axial flaps, and regional perforator flaps. The main aim of this systematic review is to identify the best surgical technique for axillary reconstruction in the context of HS, in terms of efficacy and safety.
Methods We adhered to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) throughout the whole review protocol build-up. The literature search was performed using MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane library databases, updated to March 2021. Quality was assessed for each study, through the National Institutes of Health Quality Assessment Tool.
Results A total of 23 studies were included in the final analysis. We reviewed a total of 394 axillary reconstructions in 313 patients affected by HS Hurley Stage II or III. Skin grafts were associated with the highest overall complication rate (37%), and highest rate of reconstruction failure (22%). Between thoraco-dorsal artery perforator flap, posterior arm flap, and parascapular flap, the latter showed fewer total complications, recurrences, and failures.
Conclusion Regional axial flaps should be considered as the best surgical approach in the management of advanced HS. The parascapular flap emerges as the most effective and safest option for axillary reconstruction. Local random flaps might be considered only for selected minor excisions, due to the higher risk of recurrence. The use of skin grafts for axillary reconstruction is discouraged.
Primary Hydatid Cyst of Lumbar Paravertebral Muscle
Authors: Selahi Özge , Kuru Bektaşoğlu Pınar , Somay Adnan , Çelikoğlu Erhan , Gürer Bora 
Published: December 2022

AbstractHydatid cyst disease as a zoonosis usually infests the liver and lungs, and it rarely affects muscles. Here, we presented a 36-year-old female patient with low back pain. Radiological evaluation revealed a soft tissue lesion located at the left paravertebral region without vertebral invasion. Surgical exploration and removal of the cyst were performed. The pathological diagnosis was hydatid cyst. After the surgery, the patient was treated with albendazole which is used to decrease the consequences of spillage and the possibility of recurrence. Hydatid cyst disease is rarely seen in paravertebral muscle tissue and needs to be correctly managed. Primary muscle involvement of hydatid cyst must be kept in mind for differential diagnosis of paravertebral cystic mass lesions.
Prioritizing Fetal Structural Abnormalities Over Risk for Pre-Eclampsia and Fetal Growth Restriction in the 20-24 Gestation Week Assessment in India: Missing the Woods for the Trees?
Authors: Choorakuttil Rijo Mathew , Satarkar Shilpa R , Sharma Lalit K. , Gupta Anjali , Baghel Akanksha , Nirmalan Praveen K. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Aim To compare the magnitude of fetuses with congenital anomalies, pregnant women identified at high risk for preterm pre-eclampsia (PE) or with preterm PE, and with early fetal growth restriction (FGR) or high risk for FGR at the second trimester assessment at 20 to 24 weeks of gestation.
Methods A standardized trimester-specific protocol that included clinical and demographic details, fetal biometry, estimated fetal weight (EFW), fetal abdominal circumference (FAC), mean arterial blood pressure and fetal Doppler studies was used to identify high risk for preterm PE and FGR. The Targeted Imaging for Fetal Anomalies (TIFFA) scan was used to identify congenital anomalies. In addition, 95% confidence intervals of the point estimates were derived, and the p-value was estimated to assess the statistical significance of the difference in proportions.
Results Analysis of the data of 4,572 pregnant women screened between 20 and 24 gestation weeks showed a significantly lower prevalence (p < 0.001) of congenital abnormalities (3.81%) compared to women diagnosed with early PE (2.71%) or with a high risk for PE (4.00%) and women (6.80%) with early FGR or at higher risk for fetal growth restriction with both EFW and FAC < 10th percentile.
Conclusion The data on prevalence from Samrakshan show that the second-trimester assessment of pregnant women in India must expand its scope from the TIFFA scan to also focus on screening to identify women at high risk for preterm PE and FGR.
The role of comparison in discourse
Authors: Sawada Osamu 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This study investigates the meaning and use of the Japanese utterance comparative expressions sore-yori-(mo) ‘than that’ and nani-yori-(mo) ‘than anything’ and considers the role of comparison in discourse. I argue that sore-yori and nani-yori can compare individuals at the semantic (at-issue) level, but they can also compare utterances (speech acts) at the non-at-issue level (= conventional implicature (CI)) (e.g., Grice 1975; Potts 2005; McCready 2010; Sawada 2010; Gutzmann 2011). The utterance comparative sore-yori conventionally implicates that U in sore-yori(U) is more important than the previous utterance, and the utterance comparative nani-yori conventionally implicates that U in nani-yori(U) is more important than any alternative utterance.
An interesting feature of the utterance comparatives sore-yori-(mo) and nani-yori-(mo) is that their pragmatic functions are quite flexible. As for sore-yori, in some contexts, it can function as a topic-changing expression, but in other contexts it does not. As for nani-yori, when it occurs discourse-initially, it functions like the expression first of all, but when it occurs discourse-finally, it functions as an additive reinforcing expression. I argue that the pragmatic effects of utterance comparative expressions arise based on the interaction between their scalar meanings and the general pragmatic principles of relevance/Question Under Discussion and manner (e.g., Grice 1975; Roberts 1996).
This study demonstrates that in addition to regular comparison and metalinguistic comparison, there is a third type of comparison: utterance comparison, and that the notion of comparison plays an important role in advancing the conversation economically/effectively. Finally, cross-linguistic variations in utterance comparison will also be discussed using English and Korean data.