bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Specialized metabolism by trichome-preferentially-expressed Rubisco and fatty acid synthase components
Authors: Ji Wangming , Mandal Sabyasachi , Rezenom Yohannes H. , McKnight Thomas D. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAcylsugars, specialized metabolites with defense activities, are secreted by trichomes of many solanaceous plants. Several acylsugar metabolic genes (AMGs) remain unknown. We previously reported multiple candidate AMGs. Here, using multiple approaches, we characterized additional AMGs. First, we identified differentially expressed genes between high- and low-acylsugar-producing F2 plants derived from a cross between Solanum lycopersicum and S. pennellii, which produce acylsugars ∼1% and ∼20% of leaf dry weight, respectively. Expression levels of many known and candidate AMGs positively correlated with acylsugar amounts in F2 individuals. Next, we identified lycopersicum-pennellii putative orthologs with higher nonsynonymous to synonymous substitutions. These analyses identified four candidate genes, three of which showed enriched expression in stem trichomes compared to underlying tissues (shaved stems). Virus-induced gene silencing confirmed two candidates, Sopen05g009610 [beta-ketoacyl-(acyl-carrier-protein) reductase; fatty acid synthase component] and Sopen07g006810 (Rubisco small subunit), as AMGs. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that Sopen05g009610 is distinct from specialized metabolic cytosolic reductases, but closely related to two capsaicinoid biosynthetic reductases, suggesting evolutionary relationship between acylsugar and capsaicinoid biosynthesis. Additionally, data mining revealed that orthologs of Sopen05g009610 are preferentially expressed in trichomes of several acylsugar-producing solanaceous species. Similarly, orthologs of Sopen07g006810 were identified as trichome-preferentially-expressed members, which form a phylogenetic clade distinct from those of mesophyll-expressed “regular” Rubisco small subunits. Furthermore, δ13C analyses indicated recycling of metabolic CO2 into acylsugars by Sopen07g006810 and shed light on how trichomes support high levels of specialized metabolite production. These findings have implications for genetic manipulation of trichome specialized metabolism in solanaceous crops, including tomato, potato, and tobacco.
Cell specialization in cyanobacterial biofilm development revealed by expression of a cell-surface and extracellular matrix protein
Authors: Frenkel Alona , Zecharia Eli , Gómez-Pérez Daniel , Sendersky Eleonora , Yegorov Yevgeni , Jacobs Avi , Benichou Jennifer , Stierhof York-Dieter , Parnasa Rami , Golden Susan S , Kemen Eric , Schwarz Rakefet 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCyanobacterial biofilms are ubiquitous and play important roles in diverse environments, yet, understanding of the processes underlying development of these aggregates is just emerging. Here we report cell specialization in formation of Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942 biofilms - a hitherto unknown characteristic of cyanobacterial multicellularity. We show that only a quarter of the cell population expresses at high levels the four-gene ebfG-operon that is required for biofilm formation. Almost all cells, however, are assembled in the biofilm. Detailed characterization of EbfG4 encoded by this operon revealed cell-surface localization as well as its presence in the biofilm matrix. Moreover, EbfG1-3 were shown to form amyloid structures such as fibrils and are thus likely to contribute to the matrix structure. These data suggest a beneficial ‘division of labour’ during biofilm formation where only some of the cells allocate resources to produce matrix proteins – ‘public goods’ that support robust biofilm development by the majority of the cells. Additionally, previous studies revealed the operation of a self-suppression mechanism that depends on an extracellular inhibitor, which supresses transcription of the ebfG-operon. Here we revealed inhibitor activity at an early growth stage and its gradual accumulation along the exponential growth phase in correlation with cell density. Data, however, do not support a threshold-like phenomenon known for quorum-sensing in heterotrophs. Together, data presented here demonstrate cell specialization and imply density-dependent regulation thereby providing novel insights into cyanobacterial communal behaviour.Graphical Abstract
Structural and functional analysis of natural capsid variants reveals sialic-acid independent entry of BK polyomavirus
Authors: Sorin M.N. , Di Maio A. , Silva L.M. , Ebert D. , Delannoy C. , Nguyen N.-K. , Guerardel Y. , Chai W. , Halary F. , Renaudin-Autain K. , Liu Y. , Bressollette-Bodin C. , Stehle T. , McIlroy D. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBK Polyomavirus (BKPyV) is an opportunistic pathogen that causes nephropathy in kidney transplant recipients. The BKPyV major capsid protein, VP1, engages gangliosides, lipid-linked sialylated glycans at the cell surface, to gain entry into cells. Here, we characterise the influence of VP1 mutations observed in patients with persistent post-transplant BKPyV replication on ganglioside binding, VP1 protein structure, and the tropism of the virus in two renal cell lines: 293TT and immortalised renal tubular epithelial (RS) cells. Infectious entry of single mutants E73Q, E73A and the triple mutant A72V-E73Q-E82Q (VQQ) remained sialic acid-dependent. These three variants acquired binding to a-series gangliosides, including GD1a, although only E73Q was able to infect GD1a-supplemented LNCaP or GM95 cells. Crystal structures of the three mutants showed a clear shift of the BC2 loop in mutants E73A and VQQ that correlated with the inability of these VP1 variants to infect ganglioside complemented cells. On the other hand, the double mutant K69N-E82Q lost the ability to bind sialic acid, with the K69N mutation leading to a steric clash which precludes sialic acid binding. Nevertheless, this mutant retained significant infectivity in 293TT cells that was not dependent on heparan sulphate proteoglycans, implying that an unknown sialic acid-independent entry receptor for BKPyV exists.
Plan versus motion-referenced generalization of fast and slow processes in reach adaptation
Authors: Rudolph Judith L. , Selen Luc P.J. , Medendorp W. Pieter 
Published: July 2022

AbstractGeneralization in motor learning refers to the transfer of a learned compensation to other relevant contexts. The generalization function is typically assumed to be of Gaussian shape, centered on the planned motion, although more recent studies associate generalization with the actual motion. Because motor learning is thought to involve multiple adaptive processes with different time constants, we hypothesized that these processes have different time-dependent contributions to the generalization. Guided by a model-based approach, the objective of the present study was to experimentally examine these contributions. We first reformulated a validated two-state adaptation model as a combination of weighted motor primitives, each specified as a Gaussian-shaped tuning function. Adaptation in this model is achieved by updating individual weights of the primitives of the fast and slow adaptive process separately. Depending on whether updating occurred in a plan-referenced or a motion-referenced manner, the model predicted distinct contributions to the overall generalization by the slow and fast process. We tested 23 participants in a reach adaptation task, using a spontaneous recovery paradigm consisting of five successive blocks of a long adaptation phase to a viscous force field, a short adaptation phase with the opposite force, and an error-clamp phase. Generalization was assessed in eleven movement directions relative to the trained target direction. Results of our participant population fell within a continuum of evidence for plan-referenced to evidence for motion-referenced updating. This mixture may reflect the differential weighting of explicit and implicit compensation strategies among participants.
The influence of extrachromosomal elements in the anthrax “cross-over” strainBacillus cereusG9241
Authors: Taylor-Joyce Grace , Manoharan Shathviga , Brooker Thomas , Hernandez-Rodrıguez Carmen Sara , Baillie Les , Oyston Petra C. F. , Hapeshi Alexia , Waterfield Nicholas R. 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACTBacillus cereusG9241 was isolated from a welder who survived a pulmonary anthrax-like disease. Strain G9241 carries two virulence plasmids, pBCX01 and pBC210, as well as an extrachromosomal prophage, pBFH_1. pBCX01 has 99.6% sequence identity to pXO1 carried byBacillus anthracisand encodes the tripartite anthrax toxin genes andatxA, a mammalian virulence transcriptional regulator. This work looks at how the presence of pBCX01 and temperature may affect the lifestyle ofB. cereusG9241 using a transcriptomic analysis and by studying spore formation, an important part of theB. anthracislifecycle. Here we report that pBCX01 has a stronger effect on gene transcription at the mammalian infection relevant temperature of 37°C in comparison to 25°C. At 37°C, the presence of pBCX01 appears to have a negative effect on genes involved in cell metabolism, including biosynthesis of amino acids, whilst positively affecting the transcription of many transmembrane proteins. The study of spore formation showedB. cereusG9241 sporulated rapidly in comparison to theB. cereussensu stricto type strain ATCC 14579, particularly at 37°C. The carriage of pBCX01 did not affect this phenotype suggesting that other genetic elements were driving rapid sporulation. An unexpected finding of this study was that pBFH_1 is highly expressed at 37°C in comparison to 25°C and pBFH_1 expression leads to the production of Siphoviridae-like phage particles in the supernatant ofB. cereusG9241. This study provides an insight on how the extrachromosomal genetic elements inB. cereusG9241 has an influence in bacterial phenotypes.
High-throughput feedback-enabled optogenetic stimulation and spectroscopy in microwell plates
Authors: Benman William , Datta Saachi , Gonzalez-Martinez David , Lee Gloria , Hooper Juliette , Qian Grace , Leavitt Gabrielle , Salloum Lana , Ho Gabrielle , Mhatre Sharvari , Magaraci Michael S. , Patterson Michael , Mannickarottu Sevile G. , Malani Saurabh , Avalos Jose L. , Chow Brian Y. , Bugaj Lukasz J. 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACTThe ability to perform sophisticated, high-throughput optogenetic experiments has been greatly enhanced by recent open-source illumination devices that allow independent programming of light patterns in single wells of microwell plates. However, there is currently a lack of instrumentation to monitor such experiments in real time, necessitating repeated transfers of the samples to stand-alone analytical instruments, thus limiting the types of experiments that could be performed. Here we address this gap with the development of the optoPlateReader (oPR), an open-source, solid-state, compact device that allows automated optogenetic stimulation and spectroscopy in each well of a 96-well plate. The oPR integrates an optoPlate illumination module with a module called the optoReader, an array of 96 photodiodes and LEDs that allows 96 parallel light measurements. The oPR was optimized for stimulation with blue light and for measurements of optical density and fluorescence. After calibration of all device components, we used the oPR to measure growth and to induce and measure fluorescent protein expression inE. coli. We further demonstrated how the optical read/write capabilities of the oPR permit computer-in-the-loop feedback control, where the current state of the sample can be used to adjust the optical stimulation parameters of the sample according to pre-defined feedback algorithms. The oPR will thus help realize an untapped potential for optogenetic experiments by enabling automated reading, writing, and feedback in microwell plates through open-source hardware that is accessible, customizable, and inexpensive.
Biophysical insight into protein-protein interactions in the Interleukin-11/Interleukin-11Rα/glycoprotein 130 signaling complex
Authors: Mori Chinatsu , Nagatoishi Satoru , Matsunaga Ryo , Kuroda Daisuke , Nakakido Makoto , Tsumoto Kouhei 
Published: July 2022

AbstractInterleukin-11 (IL-11) is a member of the interleukin-6 (IL-6) family of cytokines. IL-11 is a regulator of multiple events in hematopoiesis, and IL-11-mediated signaling is implicated in inflammatory disease, cancer, and fibrosis. All IL-6 family cytokines signal through the signal-transducing receptor, glycoprotein 130 (gp130), but these cytokines have distinct as well as overlapping biological functions. To understand IL-11 signaling at the molecular level, we performed a comprehensive interaction analysis of the IL-11 signaling complex, comparing it with the IL-6 complex, one of the best-characterized cytokine complexes. Our thermodynamic analysis revealed a clear difference between IL-11 and IL-6. Surface plasmon resonance analysis showed that the interaction between IL-11 and IL-11 receptor α (IL-11Rα) is entropy driven, whereas that between IL-6 and IL-6 receptor α (IL-6Rα) is enthalpy driven. Our analysis using isothermal titration calorimetry revealed that the binding of gp130 to the IL-11/IL-11Rα complex results in entropy loss, but that the interaction of gp130 with the IL-6/IL-6Rα complex results in entropy gain. Our hydrogen-deuterium exchange mass spectrometry experiments suggested that the D2 domain of gp130 was not involved in n IL-6-like interactions in the IL-11/IL-11Rα complex. It has been reported that IL-6 interaction with gp130 in the signaling complex was characterized through the hydrophobic interface located in its D2 domain of gp130. Our findings suggest that unique interactions of the IL-11 signaling complex with gp130 are responsible for the distinct biological activities of IL-11 compared to IL-6.
Application of sulfur SAD to small crystals with a large asymmetric unit and anomalous substructure
Authors: Mou Tung-Chung , Zeng Baisen , Doukov Tzanko I. , Sprang Stephen R. 
Published: July 2022

The application of sulfur single-wavelength anomalous dispersion (S-SAD) to determine the crystal structures of macromolecules can be challenging if the asymmetric unit is large, the crystals are small, the size of the anomalously scattering sulfur structure is large and the resolution at which the anomalous signals can be accurately measured is modest. Here, as a study of such a case, approaches to the SAD phasing of orthorhombic Ric-8A crystals are described. The structure of Ric-8A was published with only a brief description of the phasing process [Zeng et al. (2019), Structure, 27, 1137–1141]. Here, alternative approaches to determining the 40-atom sulfur substructure of the 103 kDa Ric-8A dimer that composes the asymmetric unit are explored. At the data-collection wavelength of 1.77 Å measured at the Frontier micro-focusing Macromolecular Crystallography (FMX) beamline at National Synchrotron Light Source II, the sulfur anomalous signal strength, |Δano|/σΔano (d′′/sig), approaches 1.4 at 3.4 Å resolution. The highly redundant, 11 000 000-reflection data set measured from 18 crystals was segmented into isomorphous clusters using BLEND in the CCP4 program suite. Data sets within clusters or sets of clusters were scaled and merged using AIMLESS from CCP4 or, alternatively, the phenix.scale_and_merge tool from the Phenix suite. The latter proved to be the more effective in extracting anomalous signals. The HySS tool in Phenix, SHELXC/D and PRASA as implemented in the CRANK2 program suite were each employed to determine the sulfur substructure. All of these approaches were effective, although HySS, as a component of the phenix.autosol tool, required data from all crystals to find the positions of the sulfur atoms. Critical contributors in this case study to successful phase determination by SAD included (i) the high-flux FMX beamline, featuring helical-mode data collection and a helium-filled beam path, (ii) as recognized by many authors, a very highly redundant, multiple-crystal data set and (iii) the inclusion within that data set of data from crystals that were scanned over large ω ranges, yielding highly isomorphous and highly redundant intensity measurements.
Art of using music-product congruence and lyrics in radio-ads
Authors: Vashisht Devika 
Published: July 2022

PurposeThis research aims to exhibit the impacts of vocal music vs instrumental music on ad-recall from the perspectives of attention and elaboration.Design/methodology/approachA 2 music-product congruence (congruence vs incongruence) × 2 music lyrics (lyrics vs no lyrics) between-subject measures design is used. 180 management students participated in the study. A 2 × 2 between-subjects ANOVA is used to test the hypotheses.FindingsResults showed that the instrumental rendition of an ad-song prompted higher ad-recall over the vocal variant. The instrumental rendition provoked the subjects to create the verses or lyrics in their minds, prompting superior recall. Further, it was found that a music-product congruent ad resulted into higher ad-recall than an incongruent ad. Moreover, for a congruent ad condition, the instrumental version of ad-song resulted into higher ad-recall than the vocal version of ad-song. On the other hand, for an incongruent ad condition, the instrumental version as well as the vocal version of ad-song resulted into same level of ad-recall.Research limitations/implicationsThe study offers important implications for marketers and advertisers in terms of effective ad-designing and execution considering lyrics and music-product congruence as important factors in the context of radio advertising.Originality/valueSince very little research has been done focusing on the combined effect of music lyrics and music-product congruence relationship on ad-recall from attention and elaboration perspectives, this paper scores as a pioneering study of its kind in India.
The high-temperature mechanical properties of HS110S steel and its corrosion behaviors in harsh downhole environment
Authors: Liu Wei , Zhou Zhiping , Li Zhaolin , Li Mingxing , Li Qiongwei , Ye Zhengrong , Yao Jinxing , Zhong Xiankang 
Published: July 2022

PurposeThis paper aims to investigate the high-temperature mechanical properties of HS110S steel and its corrosion behaviors in harsh downhole environment.Design/methodology/approachIn this work, mechanical property measurements were carried out from 25°C to 350°C and the scanning electron microscopy was used to observe the fracture morphology. The weight-loss measurements and surface characterization were used to evaluate the corrosion resistance of HS110S steel in harsh downhole environment.FindingsResults show that the yield strength and tensile strength of HS110S steel at 350 °C are 779 and 861 MPa, respectively. Compared with room temperature, the reduction rate values are both less than 20%. At the high-temperature corrosion environment (350 °C), the static and dynamic corrosion rates are 0.9668 and 1.9236 mm/a, respectively. The generated corrosion products are mainly composed of FeSx, FeCO3and Fe3O4. Therefore, the HS110S steel applied under such conditions needs to take suitable protective measures.Originality/valueIn general, the HS110 steel has widely used in conventional development conditions (e.g. low H2S or high CO2environments). However, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, no studies have reported on its application at more than 250°C. Therefore, this work can be a reference to the application of HS110S steel in high-temperature corrosion conditions.
Empirical scrutiny of the behavioural intention of construction organisations to use unmanned aerial vehicles
Authors: Aghimien Douglas , Ikuabe Matthew , Aliu John , Aigbavboa Clinton , Oke Ayodeji Emmanuel , Edwards David John 
Published: July 2022

Purpose
This paper aims to assess the behavioural intention of construction organisations to use unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in the delivery of construction projects. Using the unified theory of technology adoption and use of technology (UTAUT) model, the study strives to improve project delivery by adopting beneficial digital technologies.

Design/methodology/approach
The study adopted a postpositivism philosophical stance through a quantitative research approach using a structured questionnaire administered to construction organisations in South Africa. Primary data gathered was analysed using frequency, percentage, mean item score, Mann–Whitney U-test and confirmatory factor analysis, where the latter sought to deductively confirm the variables within the UTAUT model.

Findings
Construction organisations were found to rarely use UAVs in the country and furthermore, most of the participating organisations are unsure about using UAVs for their project delivery. Factors impacting on an organisation’s intention to use UAVs were identified as social influence, performance expectancy, effort expectancy and facilitating conditions. However, factors surrounding resistance to using and perceived risk cannot be overlooked as they also proved to be significant (at p = 0.05) to the behavioural intention of organisations to use UAVs.

Practical implications
Practical guidance for industry practitioners is offered in terms of insight into the key factors that must be considered for the effective utilisation of UAVs and the realisation of concomitant benefits.

Originality/value
This study bridges the knowledge gap in extant literature by exploring the practitioner’s behavioural intention to use UAVs. As an aside, an emergent theoretical backdrop for future works on UAVs is provided (particularly in developing countries where such a study has not been previously explored).