bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of aerogel powder on the mechanical and stability properties of photocurable resin composites produced by stereolithography (SLA)
Authors: Acar Yavuz Gizem , Gören Kıral Binnur , Kıral Zeki 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study looked into how adding aerogel affected the dynamic stability, mechanical, and damping characteristics of 3D-printed specimens made using SLA technology. Using the mechanical properties discovered via experimental research, a computer algorithm based on finite element theory was developed to calculate the dynamic instability zones of the composite specimens with varying weight ratios of the aerogel particles. The investigations revealed that as the aerogel content increases, the specimens’ compressive strength increases as well. However, when the aerogel content was more than 1 wt.%, the specimens’ tensile properties were unable to improve continually due to the difficulty of dispersion of aerogel in the resin. A similar tendency has also been seen for the damping property of specimens reinforced by the aerogel particles. The results show that the proper amount of aerogel improves mechanical properties and damping properties of the resin, which has brittle characteristics. Furthermore, it has been determined that when the aerogel weight ratio rises, the instability region gets wider as the dynamic load parameter rises. Conversely, when aerogel contribution increases, so do parametric resonance frequency values.
The crystal structure of 1,4-diazepane-1,4-diium potassium trinitrate, C5H14KN5O9
Authors: Wu Jun-Ying , Shang Yi-Ping , Li Jun-Jian , Liu Dan-Yang , Chen Lang 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
C5H14KN5O9, monoclinic, P21/c, a = 9.3820(3) Å, b = 9.3372(3) Å, c = 14.1593(5) Å, β = 98.916°, V = 1225.39 Å3, Z = 4, Rgt
(F) = 0.0249, wRref
(F
2) = 0.0640, T = 100 K.
Request for confirmation sequences in Castilian Spanish
Authors: Ehmer Oliver 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This article analyzes request for confirmation (RfC) sequences in spoken Castilian Spanish. RfCs are conversational turns that present a proposition for which the speaker claims some knowledge but at the same time asks for an informed co-participant’s (dis)confirmation. Adopting an Interactional Linguistics perspective, the article examines the linguistic resources used to design RfCs and their responses. The analysis is based on a collection of 250 sequences extracted from spontaneous face-to-face conversations. The article reveals that RfCs in Spanish frequently lack explicit modalization markers. It is proposed that lower epistemic access is also indexed by the use of inference markers and the sequential positioning of the request. Furthermore, the article shows that Castilian Spanish RfCs are frequently prefaced by connectives that establish links to prior talk in various ways. Responses to RfCs in Spanish are predominantly confirming. While responding by using a response token alone is possible, responses are typically expanded and do additional interactional work apart from mere (dis)confirmation. The findings of the study demonstrate that RfCs are sensitively designed to answer to local requirements in interaction, and that further (crosslinguistic) research is needed on the functional potential of specific resources and their interplay.
An introduction to quantitative systems pharmacology for chemical engineers
Authors: Abbiati Roberto A. , Pichardo Cesar 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Quantitative systems pharmacology (QSP) is a discipline that integrates experimental and mathematical modelling practice to perform a variety of analysis in the pharmaceutical research and development space. As the pharma industry strives for leaner product development, reduction of time and costs, and the implementation of the personalized medicine ambition, modeling and simulation approaches are recognized as pivotal components to achieve these goals. Since there are notable similarities between chemical engineering modelling approaches and those of QSP, our aspiration for this chapter is setting the stage for further contribution by engineers in this space. To this end, we provide a concise overview of the various modelling applications currently employed across the pharmaceutical research and development value chain. We then focus on QSP, detailing specific research areas that benefit from its use, the relevant mathematical modelling techniques, and emphasizing its parallels with chemical engineering modelling. Finally, we illustrate two concrete examples of QSP applications in oncological drug development.
Rapport-building in extreme environments: the case of astronauts in space and support crew on the ground
Authors: Frederiksen Dennis Jim 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This paper explores the ways in which conversation partners demonstrate and develop familiarity and rapport with each other from a distance when one partner, an astronaut, works in the isolated, confined, and extreme environment of a spacecraft. Employing methodologies of pragmatics and pragmatic act theory, I explore radio communication between astronauts on missions in space and support crews on the ground. The audio-recorded conversations (189 h) took place between mission control centers on earth and astronauts on board the International Space Station. The findings reveal that rapport-building in space-to-ground communication occurs through a range of strategies, including stylistic playfulness, recognition of familiarity between speakers, reassurance, and self-deprecating humor. What distinguishes this exploration from existing research is its focus on the coexistence and intertwining of rapport-building with task-oriented communication in the extreme environment of human space flight.
The Beaux-Arts System and the Construction of Iranian Architectural Modernism in the Twentieth Century
Authors: Akhgar Peyman , Moulis Antony 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
From the early twentieth century, the Franco–Iranian cultural relationship and the desire of Pahlavi governments to modernize the Iranian built environment led to the enrollment of a significant number of Iranians at the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris. Upon their return home, these diplômés worked for successive governmental regimes, contributing to the expression of Iranian modernism by designing some of the country’s most nationally significant buildings. By accessing archival materials in Tehran and Paris, this article reveals the substantial role of Beaux-Arts training in the expression of Iranian twentieth-century modernism, delving into the works of three prominent Iranian graduates: Mohsen Foroughi, Houshang Seihoun, and Amirali Sardar-Afkhami. The expression of Iranian modern identity was not simply a matter of the importation of the Beaux-Arts method; it was also the outcome of a special cultural-political relationship between France and Iran that provided the ground for the transfer of such expression and techniques.
ВИДАТНИЙ ВЧЕНИЙ, ЛЕГЕНДАРНИЙ РЕКТОР, БАГАТОГРАННА ОСОБИСТІСТЬ
Authors: Дзюба А. П. 
Published: February 2025

до 105 річчя від дня народження доктора фізико-математичних наук, професора, академіка Володимира Івановича Моссаковськог (27.08.1919 – 13.07.2006)
3D Printable Ca(OH)2-based geopolymer concrete with steel fiber reinforcement
Authors: Mortada Youssef , Hammoud Ahmad , Masoud Laith , Wyrzykowski Mateusz , Sirtoli Davide , Lura Pietro , Mansoor Bilal , Masad Eyad 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study investigates the impact of varying steel fiber (SF) content (0%, 0.8%, 1.0%, and 1.2% by volume) on the mechanical and durability properties of 3D-printed Ca(OH)2-activated geopolymer concrete (GPC). The addition of 1.2% SF improved flexural strength by 69% at 7 days and 16% at 28 days, while tensile strength more than doubled to 3.75 MPa at 28 days. Although compressive strength remained unaffected at 43 MPa, SF enhanced interlayer bond strength by 20%, which is crucial for layer cohesion in 3D-printed structures. Additionally, the elastic modulus increased by 7%, contributing to improved stiffness. Durability assessments, including autogenous shrinkage and self-induced stress, indicated a slight reduction in shrinkage of SF-reinforced samples, with no significant effect on self-induced stress. Microstructural analysis using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray micro-computed tomography (µCT) demonstrated the crack-bridging behavior of steel fibers, enhancing ductility and fracture resistance. There was a slight increase in porosity (5.34%) of SF-reinforced samples without negatively affecting their mechanical properties. Notably, SF improved early-age toughness and controlled crack propagation across printed layers, addressing a critical challenge in 3D-printed concrete. The novelty of this work lies in successfully reinforcing 3D-printed Ca(OH)2-activated GPC with recycled steel fibers, enhancing mechanical properties, interlayer bonding, and durability without compromising printability. This study offers a sustainable reinforcement strategy for 3D printing in construction.
Concepts of Economic and Cultural Types and Historical and Cultural Areas: Contribution of Soviet Ethnography to Cultural-Geographical Regionalisation
Authors:  Yamskov A. 
Published: February 2025

Aim. We analyze the emergence and development of interrelated concepts of economic and cultural types and historical and cultural areas in Soviet ethnography and related fields of American cultural anthropology of the 20th century. A review is presented of the development of interpretations of these terms. A number of regionalisation schemes based on these concepts are critically analyzed and some of the problems and prospects for the possible use of these concepts in historical and cultural geography are assessed.Methodology. This work is historiographical in nature, and is based on the analysis of the most important publications in the studied fields of domestic ethnography and, in parts, American cultural anthropology.Results. Some flaws in existing schemes of regionalisation of Eurasia, based on these concepts, are noted; the antecedents of the emergence of these concepts in Soviet ethnography and similarities or differences with the schools of “cultural ecology” and “culture areas” in American cultural anthropology are clarified.Research implications. The prospects for applying the concepts of economic and cultural types and historical and cultural areas in cultural geography and regional studies are identified; proposals for modifying the terms used to denote these concepts are developed further.
Communication monitoring and politeness in intergenerational discourse
Authors: Leontovich O. A. , Nikitina A. V. 
Published: February 2025

Aim. To investigate the linguopragmatic and functional features of politeness in intergenerational communication.Methodology. Communication monitoring, which plays an important role in the modelling of polite­ness, is viewed as a tool of social interaction aimed at the speakers' self-control and the regulation of their interlocutors' verbal and non-verbal behaviour. The leading method employed in the research is discourse analysis, the supporting methods include definitional and context analyses.Results. The role of an adult directed towards socialising children implies the regulation of the child's behaviour. Horizontal monitoring between peers is carried out by means of informal communication not complicated by etiquette formulas. Vertical monitoring is built hierarchically depending on age: older people usually regulate the action of younger ones in the imperative form, without burdening themselves with norms of politeness. The polite or impolite form of communication monitoring can affect the perception and effectiveness of intergenerational communication.Research implications. The study has identified the functions and types of communication monitor­ing and determined its role in modelling the process of polite intergenerational discourse.
Nerve Recovery in Pediatric Supracondylar Humeral Fractures
Authors: Syed Akbar N. , Isaacs David , Ashebo Leta , Talwar Divya , Anari Jason B. , Lawrence J. Todd R 
Published: February 2025

Background:
Nerve injuries in pediatric supracondylar humeral (SCH) fractures occur in 2% to 35% of patients. Previous research has suggested that isolated anterior interosseous nerve injuries are not influenced by the time to surgery; however, little is known about other nerve injuries or mixed, motor, and sensory injuries. With this study, we aimed to examine the impact of time to surgery on nerve recovery in patients with traumatic nerve injuries associated with SCH fractures.

Methods:
Patients <18 years of age with SCH fractures stabilized using percutaneous pins during the period of January 2009 to June 2022 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients presenting with any traumatic nerve injury noted preoperatively were included, while those with iatrogenic or postoperative nerve injuries and incomplete documentation were excluded. Demographic data, injury characteristics, time to surgery, and number of days to nerve recovery were collected. Comparisons of nerve recovery time by anatomic distribution and functional deficit using an 8-hour time-to-surgery cutoff were made in bivariate and multivariate analyses.

Results:
A total of 2,753 patients with SCH fractures were identified, with 214 of the patients having an associated nerve injury. Documentation of nerve recovery was available for 197 patients (180 patients with complete recovery) with an overall mean age of 6.8 ± 2.1 years. Time to recovery differed significantly when comparing the motor, sensory, and mixed-deficit cohorts (p < 0.001). Early surgery (≤8 hours from injury to surgery) was significantly associated with shorter overall time to nerve recovery (p = 0.002), recovery of multiple nerve distributions (p = 0.011), and recovery of mixed motor and sensory deficits (p = 0.007). On multivariable analysis, mixed nerve deficits (hazard ratio [HR], 0.537 [95% CI, 0.396 to 0.728]; p < 0.001) and time from injury to treatment of >8 hours (HR, 0.542 [95% CI, 0.373 to 0.786]; p = 0.001) were significantly associated with delayed nerve recovery.

Conclusions:
Surgical timing impacts the time to recovery of complex nerve injuries. Early surgical management of patients with mixed motor-sensory deficits may help to reduce the time to complete nerve recovery.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
A Comprehensive Analysis of Percutaneous Screw Fixation for Metastatic Lesion of the Pelvis
Authors: Goker Barlas , Wang Jichuan , Marsh D’Arcy , Zhang Ranxin , Lo Yungtai , Fox Jana , Thornhill Beverly A. , Sen Milan , Hoang Bang H. , Geller David S. , Yang Rui 
Published: February 2025

Background:
Minimally invasive techniques such as percutaneous screw fixation have previously been shown to be mostly successful for pain relief and functional improvement in patients with pelvic metastases. In this study, we retrospectively reviewed the largest single-center cohort to date to further characterize the impact of this treatment on pain palliation, ambulation, and function; the predictors of suboptimal outcomes; and complications.

Methods:
Electronic medical records were reviewed. The primary outcome measures were pain, as assessed with use of the visual analog scale (VAS) score; functional status, as assessed with use of the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) score; and ambulation, as assessed with use of the Combined Pain and Ambulatory Function Score (CPAFS), including preoperatively and postoperatively. Secondary outcome measures included radiographic evidence of fracture healing and the need for narcotics.

Results:
The study included 103 consecutive patients (42 men, 61 women) with a mean age of 64.1 years (range, 34 to 93 years) and a median follow-up of 14.4 months (range, 3 to 64 months) who underwent 107 procedures (bilateral in 4 patients). Sixty-nine had periacetabular lesions, whereas 38 had non-periacetabular lesions. VAS, ECOG, and CPAFS values improved from preoperatively at all time points (p < 0.001). Fifty-seven (85.1%) of the 67 patients presenting with a pathologic fracture demonstrated radiographic healing. A lack of radiographic healing was associated with a prolonged need for narcotics (p < 0.001). Six hips were converted to total hip arthroplasties, and 1 underwent a Girdlestone procedure. Complications were observed in 3 cases (2.8%).

Conclusions:
Percutaneous screw fixation provided sustained benefits of pain relief and functional improvement in the treatment of metastatic pelvic lesions, with a low rate of complications. Bone healing after fixation was common. The risk of prolonged narcotic usage was higher in patients without evidence of bone healing.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Reimplanting a 35-cm Extruded Femoral Bone Segment with Maintained Osteoinductive Properties
Authors: Sabry Ahmed O. , Hegazy Mariam , El Barbary Hassan , Hegazy Mohamed 
Published: February 2025

Case:
We report a rare case of successful reimplantation of a 35-cm extruded femoral bone segment, including the articular portion, following trauma, which is the largest reported reimplanted bone segment to date. Meticulous debridement and soaking in antibiotics prepared the bone for reimplantation and preserved the bone's osteoinductive properties, which may have played a role in structural and functional recovery.

Conclusion:
This case highlights the feasibility of reimplanting large bone segments with articular components, offering a viable approach for orthopaedic reconstructions.
Recent climate change strengthens the local cooling of European forests
Authors: Li Zhao-Liang , Li Yitao , Ge Jun , Wu Hua , Tang Ronglin , Cheng Yuanliang , Liu Xiangyang , Wang Yi , Si Menglin , Zhao Wei , Gao Caixia , Duan Si-Bo , Shi Qian , Leng Pei , Zhao Enyu , Li Jing , Zhou Chenghu 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Forests exhibit cooling or warming effects compared to adjacent openlands through biophysical processes. The local temperature effects are predicted by earth system models to evolve in response to climate change. However, these temporal dynamic patterns remain unconstrained by observations and have not been detected in historical records. Here, we provide satellite evidence of emergent negative trends in local land surface temperature (LST) effects of European forests from 2003–2023. The daytime cooling effects have significantly intensified in both winter (-0.17 K/decade) and summer (-0.22 K/decade). The enhanced winter cooling is attributed to the reduced shortwave radiative forcing in forests due to decreasing snow cover. In the summertime, the vegetation physiological response to increased atmospheric vapor pressure deficit boosts evaporative cooling in forests. The negative trends in LST effects of European forests are roughly supported by four state-of-the-art earth system models. However, considerable biases and intermodel spread in the representation of underlying biophysical processes. Given the continued climate change, we emphasize the need to consider their impacts on biophysical effect dynamics when comprehensive forest-related climate mitigation policies are formed.
Genetic and Clinical Landscape of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy in Guatemala: Insights from a National Study
Authors: Orozco Marcela , Kestler Edgar , Ramírez Gerardo , Silva Gabriel , Cabrera Julio , Vega Sofia De la , Khleifat Ahmad Al 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a severe X-linked disorder caused by mutations in the DMD gene, with a global prevalence of 3.6 per 100,000 people. Despite its well-documented genetic basis, no previous studies have characterised DMD in Guatemala. We analysed 33 genetically confirmed cases to estimate prevalence, describe the mutation spectrum, and assess clinical features. Prevalence was 0.61 per 100,000 men under 30. Symptoms began before age 5 in 85% of cases, yet 60% were diagnosed after age 6, highlighting significant diagnostic delays. Deletions were the most common mutation (55%), followed by point mutations (30%) and duplications (15%), with two novel variants identified. Most deletions clustered in the exon 45–55 hotspot. Nearly half of the cases were eligible for exon-skipping therapies. These findings reveal genetic heterogeneity in the Guatemalan population, substantial delays in diagnosis, and the need for improved access to genetic testing, targeted treatments, and a national DMD registry.
The vertical temperature structure and scaling relations for heat of the near surface stable boundary layer
Authors: Lapo Karl , Pfister Lena , Mosso Samuele , Lehner Manuela , Stiperski Ivana 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Describing the turbulent mixing of heat in the stable boundary layer (SBL) has been a long-standing difficulty for similarity theory. We investigated the connection between turbulent mixing of heat and the thermal structure of the near-surface SBL at three sites impacted by topography using Distributed Temperature Sensing (DTS) and the universal decoupling parameter, which describes the degree of vertical coupling for turbulent eddies. Three categories of thermal structures were found: logarithmic, sublayered, and quasi-logarithmic profiles. The logarithmic type is mostly associated with vertically-coupled turbulence but exists for a range of stability and vertical coupling values, the sublayered types are almost never well-coupled, and the quasi-logarithmic SBL type exhibits a mixed behavior between logarithmic and sublayered. Existing similarity scaling relations are a consequence of aggregating across these SBL types and degree of vertical coupling and, critically, none of the existing similarity scaling relations were physically consistent with the profile types or degree of vertical coupling. Several other frameworks of the SBL were found to be a similar result of aggregating across these SBL types. Similarly, methods for selecting data consistent with similarity theory were only partially successful distinguishing between sublayered, uncoupled and logarithmic, coupled cases. Finally, we show that the universal decoupling parameter may be a more appropriate choice for scaling the turbulent mixing of heat in the SBL than the non-dimensional temperature gradient as it better encodes the physics driving the turbulent mixing processes and has a more robust scaling relationship, without the problem of self-correlation.
Dredging and dumping impact coastal fluxes of sediment and organic carbon
Authors: Porz Lucas , Chen Jiayue , Yilmaz Rümeysa , Kuhlmann Jannis , Zhang Wenyan , Schrum Corinna 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

The disturbance of coastal sediments by human activities constitutes a potentially large disruption to natural sediment and carbon fluxes, but large-scale estimates of these impacts are lacking thus far. Using data analysis and process-based numerical modelling, we estimate the amounts of sediment and organic carbon disturbed, as well as potential CO2 released from North Sea sediments resulting from (1) dredging in the form of mineral aggregate extraction and (2) dumping of material dredged during waterway maintenance. Despite disturbing less sediment than aggregate extraction, dumping has a greater potential for carbon remineralization due to a higher organic carbon content in estuarine muds compared to subtidal sands and gravels. Overall, we estimate carbon disturbance by both activities to be 1-2 magnitudes higher than by marine construction, but 1-2 magnitudes lower than by bottom-contacting fisheries. Simulations show that most material dumped within the German Bight and Wadden Sea deposits within the coastal basins and intertidal areas after one year, the amount being similar in magnitude to natural sedimentation in that area. These results highlight the potential of human activities to shape long-term coastal morphology, and we argue that they should be considered in regional to global sediment and carbon budgets.