bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A deletion variant within the FGF5 gene in goats is associated with gene expression levels and cashmere growth
Authors: Li Yefang , Song Shen , Zhang Zhengkai , Liu Xuexue , Zhang Yanli , E Guangxin , Ma Yuehui , Jiang Lin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe FGF5 gene has been associated with the regulation of fibre length in mammals, including cashmere goats. A deletion variant at ~14 kb downstream of the FGF5 gene showed significant divergence between cashmere and non‐cashmere goats in previous studies. In this study, we designed specific primers to genotype the deletion variant. The results of gel electrophoresis and Sanger sequencing revealed that a 507‐bp deletion mutation is located at 95 454 685–95 455 191 of chromosome 6 in goats. Genotyping data from a large panel of 288 goats showed that the deletion at the FGF5 gene locus appeared to be associated with cashmere length. The deletion variant was close to fixation (frequency 0.97) in cashmere goats. Furthermore, electrophoretic mobility shift assays for evaluating DNA–protein interaction and mRNA expression levels of FGF5 suggested that the deletion variant may serve as a cis‐acting element by specifically binding transcription factors to mediate quantitative changes in FGF5 mRNA expression. Our study illustrates how a structural mutation of the FGF5 gene has contributed to the cashmere growth phenotype in domestic goats. The deletion mutation within the FGF5 gene could potentially serve as a molecular marker of cashmere growth in cashmere goat breeding.
The COVID‐19 pandemic and its consequences for chronic pain: a narrative review
Authors: Shanthanna H. , Nelson A. M. , Kissoon N. , Narouze S. 
Published: July 2022

SummaryThe COVID‐19 pandemic transformed everyday life, but the implications were most impactful for vulnerable populations, including patients with chronic pain. Moreover, persistent pain is increasingly recognised as a key manifestation of long COVID. This narrative review explores the consequences of the COVID‐19 pandemic for chronic pain. Publications were identified related to the COVID‐19 pandemic influence on the burden of chronic pain, development of new‐onset pain because of long COVID with proposed mechanisms and COVID‐19 vaccines and pain interventions. Broadly, mechanisms underlying pain due to SARS‐CoV‐2 infection could be caused by ‘systemic inflammatory‐immune mechanisms’, ‘direct neuropathic mechanisms’ or ‘secondary mechanisms due to the viral infection or treatment’. Existing chronic pain populations were variably impacted and social determinants of health appeared to influence the degree of effect. SARS‐CoV‐2 infection increased the absolute numbers of patients with pain and headache. In the acute phase, headache as a presenting symptom predicted a milder course. New‐onset chronic pain was reportedly common and likely involves multiple mechanisms; however, its prevalence decreases over time and symptoms appear to fluctuate. Patients requiring intensive support were particularly susceptible to long COVID symptoms. Some evidence suggests steroid exposure (often used for pain interventions) may affect vaccine efficacy, but there is no evidence of clinical repercussions to date. Although existing chronic pain management could help with symptomatic relief, there is a need to advance research focusing on mechanism‐based treatments within the domain of multidisciplinary care.
A population‐based study of the management of rectal malignant polyps and the use of trans‐anal surgery
Authors: Zammit Andrew P. , Brown Ian , Hooper John D. , Clark David A. , Riddell Andrew D. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIntroductionRectal malignant polyps can be managed by use of trans‐anal resections (TAR). Traditional techniques of resection have been replaced by use of platforms such as trans‐anal minimally invasive surgery (TAMIS) or trans‐anal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM). This study reviewed the management of rectal malignant polyps, in particular focussing on when clinicians used TAR.MethodsA population wide cohort study of all malignant rectal polyps diagnosed in Queensland, Australia from 2011 to 2018 was undertaken. Patient and pathological factors were compared across the management strategies of polypectomy, TAR and rectal resection.ResultsOverall 430 patients were diagnosed with a malignant rectal polyp during the study period, with 103 undergoing a TAR. There was increasing use of TAR across the study period as a management strategy (P < 0.001). Polypectomy alone was more likely to be the management strategy over TAR or rectal resection if there were clear margins (P < 0.001). The distance to the closest polypectomy margin was also significantly higher in the polypectomy group with mean clearance 2.09 mm in polypectomy group versus 0.86 mm in TAR group and 0.99 mm in resection group (P < 0.001). Rectal resection was more likely to be the management strategy over TAR if there was LVI (P < 0.001), depth of invasion was deeper (P < 0.001) and there was tumour budding (P = 0.001).ConclusionTAR is an effective management strategy for rectal polyps and is utilized particularly in rectal malignant polyps when there are close or involved margins. Future guideline development should consider incorporation of TAR given the advances in techniques afforded by TAMIS or TEM platforms.
Employee engagement, innovative work behaviour, and employee wellbeing: Do workplace spirituality and individual spirituality matter?
Authors: Salem Narjes Haj , Ishaq Muhammad Ishtiaq , Yaqoob Samina , Raza Ali , Zia Haleema 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPromoting innovative work behaviour and employee wellbeing has become essential as it endows companies with competitive advantages to thrive in today's complex business environment. This study investigates the role of workplace spirituality in inducing innovative work behaviour and employee wellbeing based on the social exchange theory and the spillover theory. It also looks at the previously unexplored mediating function of employee engagement in the relationship between workplace spirituality and the outcomes above. Additionally, it examines the interactive effect of workplace spirituality and individual spirituality on employee engagement. Two waves of survey data were collected from 538 employees and their managers working in the IT sector in Pakistan. This study contributes to the expanding corpus of research on workplace spirituality, confirming that the latter positively influence innovative work behaviour and employee wellbeing. The mediating effect of employee engagement on the relationship between workplace spirituality and innovative work behaviour and employee wellbeing is also significant. Further, the results confirm that the influence of workplace spirituality on employee engagement is contingent on the degree of individual spirituality. Theoretical contributions and practical implications are discussed.
HNRNPC downregulation inhibits IL‐6/STAT3‐mediated HCC metastasis by decreasing HIF1A expression
Authors: Liu Danfei , Luo Xiangyuan , Xie Meng , Zhang Tongyue , Chen Xiaoping , Zhang Bixiang , Sun Mengyu , Wang Yijun , Feng Yangyang , Ji Xiaoyu , Li Yiwei , Liu Bifeng , Huang Wenjie , Xia Limin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractRNA‐binding protein (RBP) dysregulation is functionally linked to several human diseases, including neurological disorders, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs) are a diverse family of RBPs involved in nucleic acid metabolism. A growing body of studies has shown that the dysregulated hnRNPs play important roles in tumorigenesis. Here, we found that heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein C (C1/C2) (HNRNPC) had good performance in distinguishing between hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and normal liver tissues through bioinformatics analysis. Further investigation revealed that HNRNPC was significantly correlated with multiple malignant characteristics of HCC, including tumor size, microvascular invasion, tumor differentiation, and TNM stage. Patients with HCC with positive HNRNPC expression exhibited decreased overall survival and increased recurrence rate. HNRNPC downregulation inhibited HCC invasion and metastasis. The decreased expression of hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha (HIF1A) was identified as the molecular mechanism underlying HNRNPC downregulation‐inhibited HCC metastasis by RNA sequencing. Mechanistically, HNRNPC downregulation decreased HIF1A expression by destabilizing HIF1A mRNA. HIF1A overexpression rescued the decrease in invasiveness and metastasis of HCC induced by HNRNPC downregulation. Additionally, interleukin (IL)‐6/STAT3 signaling upregulated HNRNPC expression in HCC cells, and knockdown of HNRNPC significantly inhibited IL‐6/STAT3‐enhanced HCC metastasis. Furthermore, anti‐IL‐6 antibody siltuximab significantly inhibited IL‐6‐mediated HCC metastasis. In summary, our research revealed the clinical value, functional role, and molecular mechanism of HNRNPC in HCC and showed the potential of HNRNPC as a biomarker for diagnosis, prognosis, and further therapeutic targets for HCC.
A prospective real-world study evaluating serum levels of arginine and cysteine in women with chronic telogen effluvium: do we really need blanket prescription of amino acid supplementation?
Authors: Arora Damini , Arora Pooja , Goyal Parul , Paliwal Purnima , Sardana Kabir 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Amino acids form a major component of hair fibres and are prescribed routinely in the form of nutritional supplements in patients with chronic telogen effluvium (CTE). Such a practice is based on assumption of a nutritional deficiency state in such patients. In this prospective study, we evaluated the serum levels of cysteine and arginine in 30 women with CTE and in healthy controls. We found no significant difference between the two groups in terms of serum arginine levels. Cysteine levels were higher in patients with CTE (P &lt; 0.001). No correlation was found between levels of serum amino acids (cysteine and arginine) and either diet type (vegetarian or not) or body mass index, and no significant correlation between levels of the two amino acids and severity of disease. Our work suggests that arginine and cysteine deficiency is not present in women with CTE. Supplementation is unlikely to be of any benefit in nutrient-replete populations and only adds to the cost of therapy.
Anifrolumab for treatment of refractory cutaneous lupus erythematosus
Authors: Blum Franklin R. , Sampath Ashwath J. , Foulke Galen T. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE) is a spectrum of skin changes related to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), a family of autoimmunity manifesting characteristic multisystem inflammation and damage. Treatment of CLE continues to evolve, especially for patients with moderate to severe disease. Type 1 interferon (IFN-1) plays a significant role in CLE pathogenesis. Anifrolumab, a fully humanized monoclonal antibody, selectively binds and inhibits the IFN-α receptor 1. Evidence from multiple Phase II and III randomized trials resulted in approval for anifrolumab for treatment of moderate to severe SLE. We present a case series of three patients with refractory CLE significantly improved with anifrolumab. The patients were recruited via clinic interaction and treated with anifrolumab from January 2021 to April 2022. Each patient received at least 12 weeks of therapy. Treatment and follow-up is ongoing. Patients were eligible for the study if they were a patient of the UNC Hospital System with resistant CLE, defined as having received inadequate disease control with standard therapies, including antimalarials, disease-modifying agents and biologics. Outcome measures were improvement in patient-reported symptoms and physician observation of erythema and pigmentary changes. All cases demonstrated significant improvement in disease appearance, cutaneous involvement, and symptomology after treatment with 2 months of anifrolumab infusions. Anifrolumab shows great potential for improving CLE in patients who have failed standard of care and multiple treatment options, including those that have failed belimumab or those who smoke. This report highlights the value of anifrolumab in managing patients with refractory CLE.
Evidence in Norwegian child protection interventions – Analysing cases of familial violence
Authors: Løvlie Audun Gabriel 
Published: July 2022

AbstractHow is expert evidence used in care order proceedings when children are considered for foster care placement because of familial violence? What are important factors and how do the decision‐makers use and evaluate evidence from specialists and experts? In this in‐depth analysis of 104 published care order decisions from the Norwegian County Boards, I investigate how decision‐makers use and evaluate evidence from expert witnesses to determine whether a care order may be granted. The analysis shows that the evidence largely revolves around social functioning, care context and topics about how parents and children relate to each other. Led by the law, the decision‐makers use this evidence to determine whether the child's situation is harmful, whether support services are viable and whether a care order is in the child's best interests. I find that decision‐makers draw unevenly on evidence with regards to these legal requirements, and that the use predominantly defers to expert authority. However, there is also evidence of independent reasoning, where deferral to the epistemic authority of the experts is weakened. This is shown through evaluative and critical assessments and scrutiny of the disciplinary evidence.
The ban on corporal punishment in a senior high school in Ghana: The perspicacity of teachers at Northern School of Business
Authors: Quansah Joseph Y. D. , Kudadze Solace , Agoke William 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe study investigated teachers' perspicacity at the Northern School of Business on the Ban on Corporal Punishment in Senior High Schools in Ghana. This study examined the perceptions of teachers on the policy of no corporal punishment in schools; explore alternative disciplinary methods teachers use and the implications of the ban on corporal punishment policy on students' behaviour. The study employed a descriptive research design using a questionnaire and interview as the major research instruments. The study sampled 30 of the 75 teachers in the school. The responses were analysed using descriptive statistics and presented in tables and figures. The study revealed that most teachers strongly agreed that the ban on corporal punishment is not appropriate for Ghanaian students. Most teachers are not aware of the alternative strategies to deal with students' misbehaviours and therefore consider corporal punishment as the only means of ensuring students' adherence to the rules and regulations governing the school. The study also revealed that the teachers believed that the absence of corporal punishment has led to gross indiscipline among students, resulting in poor academic performance. Therefore, this study recommends that the Ghana Education Service organize a workshop for the teachers on the alternative strategies to deal with students' misbehaviours to ensure discipline in Ghanaian Senior High School. Teachers and educational workers should be sensitized on corporal punishment and its implications on students.
Anti‐fat attitudes among Spanish general population: Psychometric properties of the anti‐fat attitudes scale
Authors: Macho Sergio , Andrés Ana , Saldaña Carmina 
Published: July 2022

SummaryWeight discrimination is one of the worst forms of prejudice and is deeply rooted in society. The aim of this study was to adapt the anti‐fat attitudes scale (AFA) to the Spanish general population. The sample consisted of 1248 participants from the Spanish community population. They were recruited through the internet and participated voluntarily. Women (77.8%) were more predominant than men. Regarding body weight categories, 5.3% were underweight, 43.5% were normal‐weight, 24.9% were overweight and 26.3% had obesity. A cross‐validation method with an exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the three‐factor structure of the AFA. The Spanish version of the AFA showed a satisfactory internal consistency for all three factors, as well as adequate test–retest reliability after a 1‐month interval. Finally, the Spanish version of the AFA seems to be an adequate tool to assess negative attitudes towards obesity in both clinical and research settings. Men presented more negative attitudes towards obesity and were convinced that obesity is under someone's control. Women presented more fear of gaining weight. Normal‐weight people were those who discriminated more. Participants with overweight or obesity suffered more fear of gaining weight. There was no intra‐group discrimination between individuals with overweight and obesity.
Role of the electrocardiogram in differentiating genetically determined dilated cardiomyopathy from athlete's heart
Authors: Zaffalon Denise , Papatheodorou Efstathios , Merghani Ahmed , Dhutia Harshil , Moccia Eleonora , Malhotra Aneil , Miles Christopher J. , Attard Virginia , Homfray Tessa , Sharma Rajan , Gigli Marta , Ferro Matteo Dal , Merlo Marco , Papadakis Michael , Sinagra Gianfranco , Sharma Sanjay , Finocchiaro Gherardo 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundPhysiological cardiac remodelling in highly trained athletes may overlap with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM).ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to investigate the role of the electrocardiogram (ECG) in differentiating between physiological and pathological remodelling.MethodsThe study population consisted of 30 patients with DCM who revealed a pathogenic variant at genetic testing and 30 elite athletes with significant cardiac remodelling defined by a left ventricular (LV) end‐diastolic diameter >62 mm and/or LV ejection fraction between 45% and 50%.ResultsThe ECG was abnormal in 22 (73%) patients with DCM. The most common abnormalities were low voltages (n = 14, 47%), lateral T‐wave inversion (TWI) (n = 6, 20%), ventricular ectopic beats (n = 5, 17%) and anterior TWI (n = 4, 13). Two athletes revealed an abnormal ECG: complete left bundle branch block (LBBB) in one case and atrial flutter in the other. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of the ECG in differentiating DCM from physiological adaptation to exercise in athletes was 73% (confidence interval [CI]: 54%–88%), 93% (CI: 78%–99%) and 0.83 (CI: 0.71–0.92) respectively.ConclusionsWhile the ECG is usually normal in athletes exhibiting significant LV dilatation and/or systolic dysfunction, this test is often abnormal in patients with DCM harbouring a pathogenic variant. Low voltages in the limb leads and lateral TWI are the most common abnormalities.
Practical judgment as reflective judgment: On moral salience and Kantian particularist universalism
Authors: Vaccarino Bremner Sabina 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMoral particularists and generalists alike have struggled over how to incorporate the role of moral salience in ethical reasoning. In this paper, I point to neglected resources in Kant to account for the role of moral salience in maxim formation: Kant's theory of reflective judgment. Kant tasks reflective judgment with picking out salient empirical particulars for formation into maxims, associating it with purposiveness, or intentional activity (actionon ends). The unexpected resources in Kantian reflective judgment suggest the possibility of aparticularist universalism, where recalcitrant particulars directly inform, and in some cases revise, moral principles. Such an account improves on particularist accounts of moral salience and moral perception: rather than deriving moral sensitivity solely from an agent's upbringing or cultural resources, the reflective dimension is situated alongside the universalist dimension of moral principles typically identified with Kantian ethics, allowing for a critical approach both to moral universals and to the reception of moral particulars.
Demographic histories shape population genomics of the common coral grouper (Plectropomus leopardus)
Authors: Payet Samuel D. , Pratchett Morgan S. , Saenz‐Agudelo Pablo , Berumen Michael L. , DiBattista Joseph D. , Harrison Hugo B. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMany coral reef fishes display remarkable genetic and phenotypic variation across their geographic ranges. Understanding how historical and contemporary processes have shaped these patterns remains a focal question in evolutionary biology since they reveal how diversity is generated and how it may respond to future environmental change. Here, we compare the population genomics and demographic histories of a commercially and ecologically important coral reef fish, the common coral grouper (Plectropomus leopardus [Lacépède 1802]), across two adjoining regions (the Great Barrier Reef; GBR, and the Coral Sea, Australia) spanning approximately 14 degrees of latitude and 9 degrees of longitude. We analysed 4548 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers across 11 sites and show that genetic connectivity between regions is low, despite their relative proximity (~100 km) and an absence of any obvious geographic barrier. Inferred demographic histories using 10,479 markers suggest that the Coral Sea population was founded by a small number of GBR individuals and that divergence occurred ~190 kya under a model of isolation with asymmetric migration. We detected population expansions in both regions, but estimates of contemporary effective population sizes were approximately 50% smaller in Coral Sea sites, which also had lower genetic diversity. Our results suggest that P. leopardus in the Coral Sea have experienced a long period of isolation that precedes the recent glacial period (~10–120 kya) and may be vulnerable to localized disturbances due to their relative reliance on local larval replenishment. While it is difficult to determine the underlying events that led to the divergence of the Coral Sea and GBR lineages, we show that even geographically proximate populations of a widely dispersed coral reef fish can have vastly different evolutionary histories.
Mobile healthcare (m‐Health) based on artificial intelligence in healthcare 4.0
Authors: Sharma Sunil Kumar , Al‐Wanain Mohammed Ibrahim , Alowaidi Majed , Alsaghier Hisham 
Published: July 2022

AbstractHealthcare 4.0 is about collecting huge amounts of data and getting it to work in applications, enabling healthcare management decisions well‐informed while providing for important gains in effectiveness and cost control. Diagnostics based on the digital footprint depend on wearable technology's ability to gather and extract essential patient data. Artificial intelligence (AI) technologies allow the analysis of real‐time observed data and continuously developing from data to understand the world surrounding them. To connect and access intelligent healthcare services, people, and devices at any time, a secure wireless mobile communication system is essential. This article suggests a mHealth‐based patient monitoring system (mHealth‐PMS) based on AI for healthcare 4.0. Mobile healthcare applications motorized by Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) have enabled people to triage their conditions and preemptive treatment decisions. Information collected has been analysed for substantiating cause, and alert and preventive messages have been immediately sent through the mobile application. The performance analysis has been executed, and the proposed mobile application‐based surveillance provided much‐enhanced reporting of information quickly on diseases, symptoms, factors, and more. The mHealth‐PMS strategy shows an accuracy ratio of 95.6%, monitoring ratio of 93.5%, data management ratio of 94.4%, data security ratio of 91.7%, data privacy ratio of 92.1%, prediction ratio of 95.3%, a cost‐effective ratio of 25.5% compared to the existing methods.