bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unique associations of pain frequency and pain-related worry with health-related quality of life in survivors of childhood cancer
Authors: Heathcote Lauren C. , Cunningham Sarah J. , Patton Michaela , Schulte Fiona 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Introduction:
Pain is common during childhood cancer treatment, can persist into survivorship, and can negatively affect health-related quality of life in survivors of childhood cancers (SCCs).

Objective:
The objective of this brief report was to assess pain frequency, pain-related worry, and their (unique) associations with health-related quality of life in SCCs.

Methods:
One hundred eleven SCCs (52% female individuals, M age: 17.67 years, range 8–25 years) completed self-report measures of pain frequency, pain-related worry, and health-related quality of life.

Results:
More than two-thirds (70%) of SCCs reported pain in the previous month (M = 1.39, SD = 1.17), and 15% reported experiencing pain often or almost always. More than one-third (39%) reported worrying about pain as a sign of cancer recurrence (M = 0.73, SD = 1.07), and 9% reported worrying about pain a lot or a whole lot. In multivariate regression models that controlled for sex, age at diagnosis, and time off treatment, both pain frequency and pain-related worry were significantly associated with physical health-related quality of life, indicating that they contribute unique variance to health-related quality of life after childhood cancer. For emotional health-related quality of life, pain frequency was no longer a significant predictor once pain-related worry was added to the model, indicating that pain-related worry may be particularly important for understanding emotional health-related quality of life.

Conclusion:
Postcancer pain may contribute to health-related quality of life through multiple mechanisms, including by triggering concerns of recurrence. There is a need for clinical interventions that target both the frequency of pain (eg, behavioral interventions) and pain-related worry (eg, psychoeducation and cognitive interventions) to improve health-related quality of life after childhood cancer.
Linking private health sector to public COVID-19 response in Kisumu, Kenya: Lessons Learnt
Authors: Omollo M. , Odero I. A. , Barsosio H.C. , Kariuki S. , ter Kuile F. , Okello S.O. , Oyoo K. , K’Oloo A. , Otieno K. , van Duijn S. , Onsongo S. N. , Houben N. , Milimo E. , Aroka R. , Oluoch F. , de Wit T.F. Rinke 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundCOVID-19 is overwhelming health systems universally. Increased capacity to combat the epidemic is important, while continuing regular healthcare services. This paper describes an innovative Public Private Partnership (PPP) against COVID-19 that from the onset of the epidemic was established in Kisumu County, Western Kenya.MethodsAn explanatory research design was used. Qualitative in-depth interviews (n=49) were conducted with purposively selected participants including patients, health workers, and policy makers. Thematic analysis was undertaken on interview transcripts and triangulation was performed.ResultsThe PPP hinged through the provision of central diagnostic COVID-19 services through a parastatal institute (KEMRI). Complementary tasks were divided between Kisumu Department of Health and public and private healthcare providers, supported by an NGO. Facilitators to this PPP included implementation of MoH Guidelines, digitalization of data, strengthening of counseling services and free access to COVID-19 testing services in private facilities. Barriers included, data accessibility, sub optimal financial management.ConclusionCoordinated PPP can rapidly enhance capacity and quality of COVID-19 epidemic management in African settings. Our PPP model appears scalable, as proven by current developments. Lessons learnt from this initial PPP in Kisumu County will be beneficial to expanding epidemic preparedness to other Counties in Kenya and beyond.
Comparing phrenic nerve stimulation using three rapid coils: implications for mechanical ventilation
Authors: Boyle Kyle G. , Eichenberger Philipp A. , Schön Patrick , Spengler Christina M. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractRationaleRapid magnetic stimulation (RMS) of the phrenic nerves may serve to attenuate diaphragm atrophy during mechanical ventilation. With different coil shapes and stimulation location, inspiratory responses and side-effects may differ.ObjectiveTo compare the inspiratory and sensory responses of three different RMS-coils either used bilaterally on the neck or on the chest, and to determine if ventilation over 10min can be achieved without muscle fatigue and coils overheating.MethodsHealthy participants underwent bilateral anterior 1-s RMS on the neck (RMSBAMPS) (n=14) with three different pairs of magnetic coils (parabolic, D-shape, butterfly) at 15, 20, 25 and 30Hz stimulator-frequency and 20% stimulator-output with +10% increments. The D-shape coil with individual optimal stimulation settings was then used to ventilate participants (n=11) for up to 10min. Anterior RMS on the chest (RMSaMS) (n=8) was conducted on an optional visit. Airflow was assessed via pneumotach and transdiaphragmatic pressure via esophageal and gastric balloon catheters. Perception of air hunger, pain, discomfort and paresthesia were measured with a numerical scale.Main resultsInspiration was induced via RMSBAMPS in 86% of participants with all coils and via RMSaMS in only one participant with the parabolic coil. All coils produced similar inspiratory and sensory responses during RMSBAMPS with the butterfly coil needing higher stimulator-output, which resulted in significantly larger discomfort ratings at maximal inspiratory responses. Ten of 11 participants achieved 10min of ventilation without decreases in minute ventilation (15.7±4.6L/min).ConclusionsRMSBAMPS was more effective than RMSaMS, and could temporarily ventilate humans seemingly without development of muscular fatigue.
Effect of reduction in brain amyloid levels on change in cognitive and functional decline in randomized clinical trials: an updated instrumental variable meta-analysis
Authors: Pang Menglan , Zhu Ling , Gabelle Audrey , Gafson Arie R. , Platt Robert W , Galvin James E , Krolak-Salmon Pierre , Rubino Ivana , de Moor Carl , Belachew Shibeshih , Shen Changyu 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo update a recently published analysis exploring the causal association between positron emission tomography (PET)-measured change in brain β-amyloid plaque and cognitive decline in patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) enrolled in randomized clinical trials (RCTs).DesignUpdated instrumental variable meta-analysis.SettingSixteen RCTs were included in this updated meta-analysis versus 14 in the original publication by Ackley et al.1 Data sources were ClinicalTrials.org, Alzheimer Research Forum (alzforum.org), PubMed and clinical study reports from 2015 to March 1, 2022. Three researchers extracted data from the data sources independently and subsequently resolved any discrepancy.PopulationRCTs that evaluated β-amyloid targeting therapies and enrolled adult patients with AD dementia or mild cognitive impairment due to AD with data on β-amyloid as measured by PET and clinical outcome measures.Main outcome measuresAn instrumental variable meta-analysis was performed to compute trial and drug-specific estimates and pooled estimates of the effect of change in PET β-amyloid standard uptake value ratio (SUVR) on cognitive and functional decline with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and associated p-values. This analysis updated and expanded a prior meta-analysis by Ackley et al.1 using the same methodology and clinical outcome measures: Clinical Dementia Rating–Sum of Boxes (CDR-SB), Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale–Cognitive Subscale (ADAS-Cog), and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE).ResultsThe reduction of PET-measured β-amyloid induced a statistically significant reduction in cognitive and functional decline. The effect size was characterized by an estimated change (95% CI) of 0.09 (0.034, 0.15) on the CDR-SB; 0.33 (0.12, 0.55) on the ADAS-Cog; and 0.13 (0.017, 0.24) on the MMSE for each decrease of 0.1-unit in PET β-amyloid SUVR.ConclusionThis updated instrumental variable meta-analysis of 16 RCTs provides statistically significant evidence of a causal relationship between the reduction in brain β-amyloid plaque and the reduction in cognitive and functional decline in patients with Alzheimer’s disease.
Accurate diagnosis of atopic dermatitis by applying random forest and neural networks with transcriptomic data
Authors: Zhou Weixin , Li Aimin , Zhang Caiyun , Chen Yongtao , Li Zifan , Lin Ying 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACTAtopic dermatitis (AD) is one of the most common inflammatory skin diseases. But the great heterogeneity of AD makes it difficult to design an accurate diagnostic pipeline based on traditional diagnostic methods. In other words, the AD diagnosis has suffered from an inaccurate bottleneck. Thus, it is necessary to develop a novel and accurate diagnostic model to supplement existing methods. The recent development of advanced gene sequencing technologies enables potential in accurate AD diagnosis. Inspired by this, we developed an accurate AD diagnosis based on transcriptomic data in skin tissue. Using these data of 149 subjects, including AD patients and healthy controls, from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, we screened differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of AD and identified six critical genes (PPP4R1, SERPINB4, S100A7, S100A9, BTC, and GALNT6) by random forest classifier. In a follow-up study of these genes, we constructed a neural network model (average AUC=0.943) to automatically distinguish subjects with AD from healthy controls. Among these critical genes, we found that PPP4R1 and GALNT6 had never been reported to be associated with AD. Although further replications in other cohorts are needed, our findings suggest that these genes may be developed into useful biomarkers of AD diagnosis and may provide invaluable clues or perspectives for further researches on the pathogenesis of AD.
Divergent LD-transpeptidase-independent effects of peptidoglycan carboxypeptidases on intrinsic β-lactam and vancomycin resistance
Authors: Park Si Hyoung , Choi Umji , Ryu Su-Hyun , Lee Han Byeol , Lee Jin-Won , Lee Chang-Ro 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACTVancomycin and β-lactams are clinically important antibiotics that inhibit the formation of peptidoglycan cross-links, but their binding targets are different. The binding target of vancomycin is D-alanine-D-alanine (D-Ala-D-Ala), whereas that of β-lactam is penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs). In this study, we revealed the divergent effects of peptidoglycan (PG) carboxypeptidases on vancomycin and β-lactam resistance in Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis. The deletion of PG carboxypeptidases induced sensitivity to most β-lactams, whereas it induced strong resistance toward vancomycin. Notably, both of two phenotypes did not have strong association with LD-transpeptidases, which are necessary for the formation of PG 3-3 cross-links and covalent bonds between PG and an Lpp outer membrane (OM) lipoprotein. Vancomycin resistance was induced by increased amount of decoy D-Ala-D-Ala residues within PG, whereas β-lactam sensitivity was associated with physical interactions between PG carboxypeptidase and PBPs. The presence of OM permeability barrier strongly strengthened vancomycin resistance, but it significantly weakened β-lactam sensitivity. Collectively, our results revealed two distinct LD-transpeptidase-independent functions of PG carboxypeptidases, which involved inverse modulation of bacterial resistance to clinically important antibiotics, β-lactams and vancomycin, and presented evidence for a link between PG carboxypeptidase and PBPs.IMPORTANCEBacterial peptidoglycan (PG) hydrolases play important roles in various aspects of bacterial physiology, including cytokinesis, PG synthesis, quality control of PG, PG recycling, and stress adaptation. Of all the PG hydrolases, the role of PG carboxypeptidases is poorly understood, especially regarding their impacts on antibiotic resistance. To date, most studies on PG carboxypeptidases are focused on LD-transpeptidase-related roles. We have revealed two distinct LD-transpeptidase-independent functions of PG carboxypeptidases with respect to antibiotic resistance. The deletion of PG carboxypeptidases led to sensitivity to most β-lactams, while it caused strong resistance to vancomycin. The underlying molecular mechanisms of two phenotypes were not associated with LD-transpeptidases. Therefore, our study provides novel insights into the roles of PG carboxypeptidases in the regulation of antibiotic resistance and a potential clue for the development of a drug to improve the clinical efficacy of β-lactam antibiotics.One sentence summaryEffect of peptidoglycan carboxypeptidase on antibiotic
Attentional rhythms are generated in binocular cells
Authors: Dong Bo , Zu Guangyao , Jia Jianrong , Chen Airui , Zhang Ming 
Published: April 2022

AbstractVisual attention is intrinsically rhythmic and oscillates based on the discrete sampling of either single or multiple objects. Recently, studies employing transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and high-temporal behavioral approaches have found that the early visual cortex (V1/V2) modulates attentional rhythms. However, both monocular cells and binocular cells are in the early visual cortex, and whether the neural site of attentional rhythms is monocular cells or binocular cells remains poorly understood. In Experiment 1, we reset the phase of attentional rhythms in one monocular channel (left eye or right eye) by the dichoptic cue and tracked the temporal response function (TRF) of the monocular channel in the left and right eyes separately using time response tracking technology. We found no significant differences in the two TRFs of each monocular eye, suggesting that attention rarely switched between the two eyes, indicating that binocular cells, not monocular cells, are the neural site of attentional rhythms. These results were verified even when resetting the phases of attentional rhythms by a binocular cue in Experiment 2. These results constitute direct neural evidence supporting rhythmic attention theory.
Applying the sociotechnical systems theory to crowdsourcing food delivery platforms: the perspective of crowdsourced workers
Authors: Lee Somi , Chang Howook (Sean) , Cho Meehee 
Published: April 2022

Purpose
Crowdsourcing food delivery represents great potential for future development and expansion of the restaurant business. Accordingly, job performance and retention of delivery workers are critical for success. Therefore, this paper aims to investigate how to enhance crowdsourced delivery workers’ job performance and intent to continue working by applying the sociotechnical systems theory.

Design/methodology/approach
The data analysis was conducted using responses obtained from crowdsourced food delivery workers. A structural equation model was developed to verify the hypothesized relationships. To test the proposed moderating roles of a three-dimensional concept of social capital within the research model, multi-group analyses were implemented.

Findings
This study confirmed the significant relationships between crowdsourcing risks related to workers’ low job commitment and technical systems, attributing to reduced job performance and intent to continue working. Results documented that social systems including networks, trust and shared vision mitigated the negative impact of the perceived difficulty and complexity of technical systems and job performance.

Originality/value
Although technology has contributed significantly to the effectiveness of online food delivery, the literature has mainly focused on its benefits and has ignored the critical aspects derived from a virtual and technology-based workplace. This gap was addressed by verifying the important roles of social factors (networks, trust and shared visions) in reducing the negative impacts of technology-driven risks (perceived difficulty of task requirements and technology complexity) within the crowdsourcing food delivery context.
Reintroducing rest: evaluation of a patient-guided sleep workbook in a community mental health team setting
Authors: Conlan-Trant Rebecca , Connolly Paula , O’Sullivan Alison , Nasa Anurag , Sammon Mary , Alexander Lauren 
Published: April 2022

Purpose
Sleep disturbance is a common difficulty in the general population. It has become particularly prevalent in the context of disruption to routine brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose of this study was to trial a patient-guided “sleep workbook” intervention, which was developed by multidisciplinary team members, combining principles of sleep hygiene education and cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia behavioural strategies, and to evaluate its efficacy in a mixed-methods study.

Design/methodology/approach
Service users of the community mental health service were invited to participate. A total of 30 service users agreed to participate. A total of 15 participants completed both the intervention and the mixed-methods survey. Four participated in the focus group. Descriptive and inferential statistics were performed on the collected quantitative data. A thematic analysis was carried out of qualitative survey responses and focus group discourse.

Findings
There was a statistically and clinically significant improvement in quantity and quality of sleep following intervention. Mean hours of sleep prior to the intervention was 4.4 hours [standard deviation (SD) = 2.2], compared to 6.1 hours (SD = 2.2) afterwards (p = 0.003). Quality of sleep improved from a mean of 2.5 (SD = 2.1) to 6.1 (SD = 2.3) following the intervention (p = <0.001). Four themes were developed using the qualitative data: “under-recognition of sleep difficulties”, “ruminations”, “practical utility” and “therapeutic autonomy”.

Originality/value
There is a growing need for occupational therapists and clinicians to provide interventions for patients with sleep difficulties and to develop sleep management practice. This patient-guided sleep workbook may be an effective intervention for these patients.
Are LEED campus buildings universally designed? Assessments at Virginia Tech
Authors: Hopkins Erin Ann , Hwang Eunju 
Published: April 2022

Purpose
As many of the next generation leaders are currently on college campuses, endorsing green buildings can foster environmental stewardship among the student body. However, marshalling in the social sphere of sustainability is also critical to cultivate more supportive and inclusive communities. With this in mind, a chief component of the social sphere within sustainability is equal opportunity. Relating equal opportunity to green campus buildings, the question presents itself: Do all campus users have accessibility to and within these green campus buildings from a social equity perspective?

Design/methodology/approach
To begin to answer this question, student team project deliverables were analyzed for building accessibility among a sample of Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) buildings on the Blacksburg campus of Virginia Tech.

Findings
While findings suggest the vast majority of Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) requirements are being met overall within the sample of LEED buildings at Virginia Tech and in some cases exceeded, recommendations are put forward to foster an even more inclusive campus environment.

Originality/value
While the literature shows that ecological sustainability and accessibility can be considered together, no studies were found focusing on accessibility of green certified campus buildings. This is an important area of study, as all members of the campus community deserve full access to campus buildings, especially LEED buildings that have been shown to have increased occupant benefits. This study begins to fill the gap by examining LEED certified buildings at the Virginia Tech campus in Blacksburg, VA through a student lens.
Intangible investment and non-financial performance of Egyptian firms: the moderating role of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Sayed Emad , Mansour Karim , Hussainey Khaled 
Published: April 2022

Purpose
This study aims to examine the impact of intangible investment on non-financial performance. This study also examines the moderating effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on this relationship.

Design/methodology/approach
This study extracted data from annual reports for a sample of Egyptian firms from 2012 to 2020. This study used the generalized method of moment for testing research.

Findings
This study finds that intangible investment positively affects non-financial performance and the COVID-19 pandemic has weakened this positive effect.

Research limitations/implications
A small sample size is one of the limitations of this study. Furthermore, because of the lack of data in Egypt, the analysis does not include other measures of intangible investment. Finally, the sectoral analysis does not include all sectors because of the lack of observations in some sectors.

Practical implications
This study offers practical and social implications. It would help policymakers, regulators and shareholders to realize the importance of the intangible investment and also shed light on the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic. It also offers managerial implications. It motivates managers to invest more in intangible investment as an important resource to increase customer satisfaction and loyalty, enhance the internal operating performance and improve learning and growth, which result in creating sustainable competitive advantage.

Originality/value
This study provides new empirical evidence on the impact of intangible investment on different dimensions of non-financial performance. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this paper offers the first empirical evidence on the moderating role of the COVID-19 pandemic in the relationship between intangible investment and non-financial performance.
Automobile insurance fraud detection in the age of big data – a systematic and comprehensive literature review
Authors: Benedek Botond , Ciumas Cristina , Nagy Bálint Zsolt 
Published: April 2022

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to survey the automobile insurance fraud detection literature in the past 31 years (1990–2021) and present a research agenda that addresses the challenges and opportunities artificial intelligence and machine learning bring to car insurance fraud detection.

Design/methodology/approach
Content analysis methodology is used to analyze 46 peer-reviewed academic papers from 31 journals plus eight conference proceedings to identify their research themes and detect trends and changes in the automobile insurance fraud detection literature according to content characteristics.

Findings
This study found that automobile insurance fraud detection is going through a transformation, where traditional statistics-based detection methods are replaced by data mining- and artificial intelligence-based approaches. In this study, it was also noticed that cost-sensitive and hybrid approaches are the up-and-coming avenues for further research.

Practical implications
This paper’s findings not only highlight the rise and benefits of data mining- and artificial intelligence-based automobile insurance fraud detection but also highlight the deficiencies observable in this field such as the lack of cost-sensitive approaches or the absence of reliable data sets.

Originality/value
This paper offers greater insight into how artificial intelligence and data mining challenges traditional automobile insurance fraud detection models and addresses the need to develop new cost-sensitive fraud detection methods that identify new real-world data sets.