bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acceptance of a digital therapy recommender system for psoriasis
Authors: Graf Lisa , Tesch Falko , Gräßer Felix , Harst Lorenz , Siegels Doreen , Schmitt Jochen , Abraham Susanne 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background: About 2% of the German population are affected by psoriasis. A growing number of cost-intensive systemic treatments are available. Surveys have shown high proportions of patients with moderate to severe psoriasis are not adequately treated despite a high disease burden. Digital therapy recommendation systems (TRS) may help implement guideline-based treatment. However, little is known about the acceptance of such clinical decision support systems (CDSSs).
Methods:
To assess the acceptance of the TRS, a prototypical demonstrator was developed. In three scenarios, potential test patients with psoriasis but different sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, previous treatments, desire to have children, and multiple comorbidities were designed. The demonstrator and test patients were presented to a random sample of 76 dermatologists attending a national dermatology conference in a cross-sectional face-to-face survey with case vignettes. 76.8% of dermatologists rated the TRS as acceptable based on the system usability scale (SUS).
Results: Acceptance of the TRS was highest for patients eligible for systemic therapy (82%). 50% of participants accepted the system for patients with additional comorbidities and 43% for patients with special subtypes of psoriasis. Dermatologists in the outpatient sector or with many patients per week were less willing to use the TRS for patients with special psoriasis-subtypes. Participants whose SUS was 10 points above average were 27% more likely to use TRS for special psoriasis-subtypes. The main barrier in using the TRS was time demand (47.4%). Participants who perceived time as an obstacle were 22.3% less willing to use TRS with systemic therapy patients. 27.6% of physicians stated that they did not understand exactly how the recommendation was generated by the TRS, with no effect on the preparedness to use the system.
Conclusion: The considerably high acceptance and the preparedness to use the psoriasis CDSS suggests that a TRS appears to be implementable in routine healthcare and may improve clinical care. Main barrier is the additional time demand posed on dermatologists in a busy clinical setting. Therefore, it will be a major challenge to identify a limited set of variables that still allows a valid recommendation with precise prediction of the patient-individual benefits and harms.
Timing of Intubation and ICU Mortality in Covid-19 Patients: A Preplanned Retrospective Analysis of 4198 Critically Ill Patients
Authors: Manrique Sara , Claverias Laura , Magret Mónica , Masclans Joan Ramon , Bodi María , Trefler Sandra , Canadell Laura , Diaz Emili , Sole-Violan Jordi , Bisbal-Andrés Elena , Gonzalez Ruth , Albaya Antonio , Vallverdu Montserrat , Ballesteros Juan Carlos , Socias Lorenzo , Gordo Federico , Sancho Susana , Loeches Ignacio Martín , Rodriguez Alejandro ,   SEMICYUC’s COVID-19 working group
Published: September 2022

Abstract

BackgroundOptimal time to intubate patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia is controversial. Whereas some authors recommend trying noninvasive respiratory support before intubate, others argue that delaying intubation can cause patient-self-induced lung injury and worsen the prognosis. We hypothesized that delayed intubation would increase the risk mortality in COVID-19 patients.MethodsThis preplanned retrospective observational study used prospectively collected data from adult patients with COVID-19 and respiratory failure admitted to 73 intensive care units between February 2020 and March 2021. Patients with limitations on life support and those with missing data were excluded.We collected demographic, laboratory, clinical variables and outcomes.Intubation was classified as 1) Very early: before or at ICU admission; 2) Early: < 24 hours after ICU admission; or 3) Late: ≥24 hours after ICU admission. We compared the early group versus those intubated late, using chi-square tests for categorical variables and the Mann-Whitney U for continuous variables. To assess the relationship between early versus late intubation and mortality, we used multivariable binary logistic regression. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05.Results We included 4198 patients [median age, 63 (54‒71) years; 70.8% male; median SOFA score, 4 (3‒7); median APACHE score, 13 (10‒18)], and median PaO2/FiO2, 131 (100‒190)]; intubation was very early in 2024 (48.2%) patients, early in 928 (22.1%), and late in 441 (10.5%). ICU mortality was 30.2% and median ICU stay was 14 (7‒28) days. Although patients in the late group were younger [62 vs. 64, respectively, p<0.05] and had less severe disease [APACHE II (13 vs. 14, respectively, p<0.05) and SOFA (3 vs. 4, respectively, p<0.05) scores], and higher PaO2/FiO2 at admission (116 vs. 100, respectively, p<0.05), mortality was higher in the late group than in the early group (36.9% vs. 31.6%, p<0.05). Late intubation was independently associated with mortality (OR1.83; 95%CI 1.35‒2.47).ConclusionsDelaying intubation beyond the first 24 hours of admission in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia increases the risk of mortality. Trial registration: The study was retrospectively registered at Clinical-Trials.gov (NCT 04948242) on the 30th June 2021.
Present Scenario of Dairy Wastewater Treatment: A State of Art Review
Authors: Das Pragyan , Paul Kakoli Karar 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Dairy industry is one of the leading consumer of water and producer of wastewater. Increased demand of dairy products results in rapid growth of dairy industry and hence wastewater production increases. Dairy effluent contains high concentrations of organic and inorganic substances that cause eutrophication in water bodies. This review study emphasizes on various treatment methods of DWW for period 2002 to 2021. Dairy wastewater imposes serious environmental concern because of the presence of wide range of fatty acids, proteins, nutrients, and other organics. These contaminants are difficult to treat in single step conventional treatment technique. In recent years much attention has been given for integrated system of dairy wastewater (DWW) treatment. The present review has deep insight for ongoing development in various treatment techniques of dairy wastewater. Moreover, this article intricate issue related with treatment followed by a brief discussion on the biological technique and special emphasis has been on the bio-filtration process. Extensive review study found that bio filtration method is environmentally sustainable and economically affordable technology as it requires minimal maintenance and low operating cost; filter media can be coarse gravel, stone, bio-carrier. Literature survey found that the bio-filtration process has the efficiency of removing BOD, COD, TP, TN (91.7–97.5, 74.1–99%, 98.3%, 88-91.5%). Fresh water crisis demands the reuse of DWW for non-potable purposes. Reuse of DWW in food, plastic, fuel, health and pharmaceutical industries helps to convert its zero value to a potential resource.
Interactive Patient Safety and Quality Improvement Capstone During Transition-to-Residency Program: Virtual and In-person Focused Workshop for EPA 13
Authors: Chen Catherine , Coppola Kristen M. , Weber Paul , Parikh Payal 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Identifying systems failures and contributing to a safety culture is the Association of American Colleges (AAMC’s) thirteenth Entrustable Professional Activity (EPA). While most curricula teach Patient Safety (PS) and Quality Improvement (QI) principles, student participation in live QI/PS activities remains limited. This workshop enabled late Clerkship phase students to apply these Health Systems Science (HSS) principles to real adverse patient event cases through team-based simulation. This 3-hour capstone included both a didactic review of QI, PS, and TeamSTEPPS tools and an experiential component where student-led interactive small group discussions were augmented by resident and faculty preceptors. Collaboratively, students composed an adverse patient event report, conducted a Root Cause Analysis (RCA) during role-play, and proposed error prevention ideas after identifying systems problems. In April 2020, the in-person workshop became fully virtual due to the COVID-19 pandemic. A statistically significant increase in ability to identify Serious Safety Events, Escalation Chain of Command, and define a PDSA cycle was observed. Comfort with RCA increased from 48–87% and comfort with TeamSTEPPS principles increased from 68–85.5% This novel capstone provided students with the tools to synthesize HSS concepts through problem-solving processes and recognize EPA 13’s importance. Their increased capability to identify appropriate chain of command, escalate concerns, and recognize serious adverse patient events also has training and practice readiness implications.
Influence of Social Media Contact on College Students' COVID-19 Vaccination Intention --The Mediating Role of Health Beliefs and the Moderating Role of Government Trust
Authors: Zhang Huiqin , Wang Zijuan , Tang Dejin 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Vaccination is an important measure of campus epidemic prevention and control. At present, the intention of COVID-19 vaccination is mainly affected by the public opinion of vaccine safety, and most college students understand the relevant public opinion information about vaccine safety from social media.
Methods
In this paper, 377 college students were investigated by a questionnaire network. The influence of social media contact on college students' vaccination intention was analyzed by the hierarchical regression model.
Results
Social media contact, perceived severity of the epidemic situation, and perceived benefits of vaccination had a positive impact on vaccination intention; college students' health belief partially mediated the relationship between social media contact and vaccination intention, while government trust moderated the relationship between perceived severity, perceived barriers and vaccination intention.
Conclusions
In order to increase the willingness of college students to be vaccinated against the COVID-19, it is recommended to strictly manage public opinion on social media and strengthen the public's trust in the government.
Regulation of iNOS -NF-kappa B- COX-2 inflammatory pathway by alpha-pinene neuroprotective effects in brain ischemia model
Authors: Erfani Sohaila , Khoshnazar Seyedeh Mahdieh , afzali Fatemeh Ephtekhar , Abdolmaleki Arash , Moghadam Bahram Farhadi 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Inflammatory stimulus during cerebral ischemia are the central component in the progression of cell damage and pathological events in the brain. α-Pinene is an organic compound of many aromatic plants and is known as a potent agent to possess antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. Here, we sought to identify the anti-inflammatory mechanism by which α-Pinene improves brain ischemia injury. Male Wistar rats underwent a MCAO surgery for 1 hour and different doses of alpha-pinene (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg) were intraperitoneally injected immediately after reperfusion to test this hypothesis. Gene and protein expression of inflammatory mediators inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) p65 were determined by RT-PCR and Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results demonstrated that alpha-pinene regulates complex post-ischemic inflammatory responses. NF-κB p65 gene and protein expression increased in the hippocampus, cortex, and striatum after 24 h of reperfusion, and alpha-pinene significantly inhibited NF-kB p65 expression. In addition, the gene and protein expression of iNOS and COX-2 in the hippocampus, cortex, and striatum was suppressed by alpha-pinene treatment after 1 h of MCAO and 24 h of reperfusion. Results showed that alpha-pinene protects the cerebral against ischemic damage caused by MCAO, and this effect may be through the regulating iNOS -NF-kappa B- COX-2 inflammatory pathway.
miRNA Dysregulation in Traumatic Brain Injury and Epilepsy: A Systematic Review to Identify Putative Biomarkers for Post-Traumatic Epilepsy
Authors: Kumar Prince 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) leads to Post-traumatic epilepsy (PTE), hence both TBI and PTE share various similar molecular mechanisms. MicroRNA (miRNA) is a small non-coding RNA that acts as a gene silencing molecule. Notably, the dysregulation of miRNAs in various neurological diseases including TBI and epilepsy is reported in several studies. However, studies on commonly dysregulated miRNAs and regulation of shared pathway in both TBI and epilepsy that can identify potential biomarker of PTE is still lacking. This systematic review covers the peer-review publications of TBI and database study of epilepsy dysregulated miRNAs of clinical studies. For TBI, 290 research articles were identified after screening, 12 articles were provided data for dysregulated miRNAs in humans only. The compiled data suggest that 85 and 222 miRNAs are dysregulated in TBI and epilepsy consecutively. In both, 10 miRNAs were found commonly dysregulated in both, hence considered as potentially dysregulated miRNAs for PTE. Furthermore, targets and involvement of each putative miRNA in different pathways were identified and evaluated. Also, clusters of predicted miRNAs were analyzed. Each miRNAs regulatory role was found to be linked with apoptosis, inflammation and cell cycle regulation pathways. Hence provided insight for future diagnostic biomarkers.
Vagus Nerve Stimulator Revision in Pediatric Epilepsy Patients: A Technical Note and Case Series
Authors: LoPresti Melissa , Huang Jonathan , Shlobin Nathan A. , Curry Daniel J. , Weiner Howard L. , Lam Sandi K. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Introduction: Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is an adjunctive treatment in children with intractable epilepsy. When lead replacement becomes necessary, the old leads are often truncated and retained and new leads are implanted at a newly exposed segment of the nerve. Direct lead removal and replacement is infrequently described, with outcomes poorly characterized. We aimed to describe our experience with feasibility of VNS lead removal and replacement in pediatric patients. Methods: Retrospective review examined 14 patients, at a single, tertiary-care, children’s hospital, who underwent surgery to replace VNS leads, with complete removal of the existing lead from the vagus nerve and placement of a new lead on the same segment of the vagus nerve, via blunt and sharp dissection without use of electrocautery. Preoperative characteristics, stimulation parameters, and outcomes were collected. Results: Mean age at initial VNS placement was 7.6 years (SD 3.5, range 4.5-13.4). Most common etiologies of epilepsy were genetic (5, 36%) and cryptogenic (4, 29%). Lead replacement was performed at a mean of 6.0 years (SD 3.8, range 2.1-11.7) following initial VNS placement. Reasons for revision included VNS lead breakage or malfunction. There were no perioperative complications, including surgical site infection, voice changes, dysphagia, or new deficits postoperatively. Stimulation parameters after replacement surgery at last follow-up were similar compared to preoperatively, with final stimulation parameters ranging from 0.25 mA higher to 1.5 mA lower to maintain baseline seizure control. Mean length of follow-up was 7.9 years (SD 3.5, range 3.1-13.7).Conclusion: Removal and replacement of VNS leads is feasible and can be safely performed in children. Further characterization of surgical technique, associated risk, impact on stimulation parameters, and long-term outcomes are needed to inform best practices in VNS revision.
An Integrative Literature Review on the Impact of COVID-19 on Maternal Health in Africa
Authors: Senkyire Ephraim Kumi , Ohaja Magdalena , Ewetan Olabanj , Azuh Dominic , Asiedua Ernestina , White Rebecca , Dunlea Margaret , Barger Mary 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Africa has the highest rates of maternal deaths globally which have been linked to poorly functioning health care systems. The aim of this paper is to review the published literature on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on maternal health in Africa. The integrative review process delineated by Whittemore and Knafl (2005) was used to meet the study aims. The literature search of Ovid Medline, CINAHL, PubMed, WHO, Google and Google scholar, Africa journals online, MIDIRS was limited to publications between March 2020 and May 2022. All the studies went through the PRISMA stages, and 179 full text papers screened for eligibility, 36 papers met inclusion criteria. Of the studies, 6 were qualitative, 25 quantitative studies, and 5 mixed methods. Thematic analysis according to the methods of Braun and Clark (2006) were used to synthesize the data. From the search the four themes that emerged include: effects of lockdown measures, COVID concerns and psychological stress, reduced attendance at antenatal care and childhood vaccination, reduced facility-based births and increase maternal mortality. A review of the literature revealed the following policy issues: The need for government to develop robust response mechanism to public health emergencies that negatively affect maternal health issues and devise health policies to mitigate negative effects of lockdown. In times of pandemic there is need to maintain special access for both antenatal care and child delivery services and limit a shift to use of untrained birth attendants to reduce maternal and neonatal deaths. These could be achieved by soliciting investments from various sectors to provide high-quality care that ensures sustainability to all layers of the population.
Sustained Treatment With Fenbendazole in Swine: Plasma Availability and Effects on Xenobiotic Metabolizing Enzymes in the Liver
Authors: Ichinose Paula , Miró María Victoria , Larsen Karen , Lanusse Carlos , Lifschitz Adrián , Virkel Guillermo 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Fenbendazole (FBZ), a benzymidazole (BZD) anthelmintic drug, is used for in-feed medication in pigs. BZD-containing drugs may induce cytochrome P450 isozymes (CYPs), particularly those members of the CYP1A subfamily. This research aimed to evaluatein vitrothe effect of thein vivosustained administration of FBZ on the catalytic activities of xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes in pig liver. The availability of FBZ and its metabolites in plasma and liver tissue was also assessed. Five Landrace piglets remained untreated (controls), and other six were treated with a pre-mix of FBZ, combined with food, for 9 consecutive days as usually is recommended by practitioners. Blood samples were collected from each treated animal up to day 9 and analyzed by HPLC; both control and treated animals were slaughtered for preparation of liver microsomes. Plasma concentration ratios OFZ/FBZ and FBZSO2/OFZ increased significantly (p<0.05) from the beginning to the end of drug exposure, which may indicate an enhanced conversion of FBZ into its metabolites. FBZ represented 45.8±3.4% of the total anthelmintic molecules in liver tissue. Increased CYP1A-dependent 7-ethoxy (24.5-fold, p=0.0032) and 7-methoxyresorufin (17.2-fold, p=0.0006) O-dealkylase activities was observed in liver microsomes from FBZ-treated animals. The continuous FBZ administration may accelerate its ownin vivohepatic metabolism through the CYP1A pathway, which may have a negative impact on its clinical efficacy. CYP1A induction in pig liver may also affect the biotransformation of other xenobiotics such as aflatoxin B1 present in certain pig foodstuffs.
Spatiotemporal heterogeneity correction in land ecosystem services and its value assessment: a case study of the Loess Plateau of China
Authors: Liu Lintao , Zhang Hengjia , Zhang Yao , Li Fuqiang , Chen Xietian , Wang Yong , Wang Yingying 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The considerable variation in structures and functions of different ecosystems leads to highly variable ecosystem service values (ESVs). Consequently, the accurate quantification of ESVs can better assess and reflect impacts of land use and cover changes (LUCC) on ecosystem services. In the land use simulations of this study, a CA-Markov model was chosen and nine factors affecting land use change were evaluated, followed by the construction of a multi-criteria evaluation method to simulate land use scenarios between 2025 and 2030 on the Loess Plateau. Six key ecological indicators (economy, water production, net primary plant productivity, habitat quality, accessibility, and soil conservation) were used to correct for spatiotemporal heterogeneity within the terrestrial ESV equivalent weight table for China to obtain an ESV equivalent weight factor table that is applicable to the Loess Plateau. Using the newly corrected table, ESVs for the Loess Plateau region were estimated between 1995 and 2030, and the impacts of LUCC on ESVs were analyzed. The Kappa values for the 2015 land use simulation results were 80.2 and 82.6, which were greater than 0.75, indicating that the CA-Markov model simulations were accurate. Throughout the study period, the largest increases in land use type area were for built-up areas and forest lands, with built-up areas primarily derived from conversions of cultivated lands and grasslands, and forest land increases primarily coming from conversion of grasslands. ESVs increased overall by 933.97 × 108 yuan and 312.86 × 108 yuan from 1995 to 2018 and 2018 to 2030, respectively. The three largest contributors to ecosystem services among land use types were moderate grasses, shrublands, and dense grasslands. In conclusion, ESVs for the Loess Plateau steadily increased year by year from 1995 to 2030, indicating that ecological restoration projects played major roles in improving the stability and sustainability of the region’s ecosystems.