bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Laser ultrasonic improvement and its application in defect detection based on the composite coating method
Authors: Hu Xiujuan , Ma Yuyang , Wan Qing , Ying Kai-Ning , Dai Lu-Nan , Hu Zhenlin , Chen Feng , Guan Feiyu , Ni Chenyin , Guo LianBo 
Published: April 2022

Herein, we studied the increasing tendency of photoacoustic (PA) conversion efficiency of the Au/polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) composite. The thickness of the Au layer was optimized by modeling the PA process based on the Drude–Lorentz model and finite element analysis method, and corresponding results were verified. The results showed that the optimal Au thickness of the Au/PDMS composite was 35 nm. Finally, the Au/PDMS composites were coated onto the surface of aluminum alloys, which improved the thermoelastic laser ultrasonic (LU) signals to near 100 times. Besides, the defect mapping was performed by thermoelastic LU signals with Au/PDMS coating and ablation LU signals without coating; the Pearson correlation coefficient was higher than 0.95. The application in the defect detection in metal could provide guides for nondestructive detection on metals by laser ultrasound.
Full-duplex hybrid optical link with 40  Gbit/s 16-QAM signal for wired or wireless selective access based on polarization division multiplexing
Authors: Zhang Ruijiao 
Published: April 2022

A full-duplex hybrid optical link with 40 Gbit/s 16-ary quadrature amplitude modulation (16-QAM) signal based on polarization division multiplexing (PDM) is proposed, which can provide wired or wireless selective access for the user terminals. The 16-QAM downlink signal for wired and wireless accesses is only modulated onto one of the polarization states of the light wave. Then the generated data-bearing optical tone orthogonally combines with the other polarization state to constitute the downlink optical signal. At the hybrid optical network unit (HONU), an ordinary laser with the fixed wavelength is not only used to provide the optical local oscillator (OLO) for downlink wireless access but also the optical carrier for its uplink, while the OLO and uplink optical carrier for wired access are extracted from the downlink optical signal. Moreover, since the downlink optical signal is a baseband one with two orthogonal polarization states, the spectrum efficiency of our proposed scheme is high. The obtained constellations and eye diagrams of the demodulated 16-QAM downlink and uplink signals for wired and wireless accesses show that our proposed full-duplex hybrid optical link can still maintain a good transmission performance after being transmitted over 20 km standard single mode fiber (SSMF).
1200xbroadband modal converter using a subwavelength self-focusing structure
Authors: Zhou Ji , Wang Yi , Zhan Ming-Sheng 
Published: April 2022

Efficient modal interconversion between optical manipulation of cold atoms in free space and transmitted light within an integrated waveguide remains a challenge in the area of integrated atomic photonics. Here, a1200xmodal converter with a footprint on the order of millimeters is proposed based on aSi3N4subwavelength self-focusing structure. The2.8µm×1.7µmsubwavelength structure enables efficient single modal conversion. The transmission efficiency is 84% at a wavelength of 830 nm with a working bandwidth of 240 nm. The device can work in dual polarization states.
A comparison of qSOFA, SIRS and NEWS in predicting the accuracy of mortality in patients with suspected sepsis: A meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Can , Xu Rufu , Zeng Yuerong , Zhao Yu , Hu Xuelian 
Published: April 2022

ObjectiveTo identify and compare prognostic accuracy of quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (qSOFA) score, Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS) criteria, and National Early Warning Score (NEWS) to predict mortality in patients with suspected sepsis.MethodsThis meta-analysis followed accordance with the recommendations of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library databases from establishment of the database to November 29, 2021. The pooled sensitivity and specificity with 95% CIs were calculated using a bivariate random-effects model (BRM). Hierarchical summary receiver operating characteristic (HSROC) curves were generated to assess the overall prognostic accuracy.ResultsData of 62338 patients from 26 studies were included in this meta-analysis. qSOFA had the highest specificity and the lowest sensitivity with a specificity of 0.82 (95% CI: 0.76–0.86) and a sensitivity of 0.46 (95% CI: 0.39–0.53). SIRS had the highest sensitivity and the lowest specificity with a sensitivity of 0.82 (95% CI: 0.78–0.85) and a specificity 0.24 (95% CI: 0.19–0.29). NEWS had both an intermediate sensitivity and specificity with a sensitivity of 0.73 (95% CI: 0.63–0.81) and a specificity 0.52 (95% CI: 0.39–0.65). qSOFA showed higher overall prognostic accuracy than SIRS and NEWS by comparing HSROC curves.ConclusionsAmong qSOFA, SIRS and NEWS, qSOFA showed higher overall prognostic accuracy than SIRS and NEWS. However, no scoring system has both high sensitivity and specificity for predicting the accuracy of mortality in patients with suspected sepsis.
Diagnostic efficacy of the magnetic resonance T1w/T2w ratio for the middle cerebellar peduncle in multiple system atrophy and spinocerebellar ataxia: A preliminary study
Authors: Wang Jiaqi , Sugiyama Atsuhiko , Yokota Hajime , Hirano Shigeki , Cooper Graham , Mukai Hiroki , Ohira Kenji , Koide Kyosuke , Ito Shoichi , Finke Carsten , Brandt Alexander U. , Paul Friedemann , Kuwabara Satoshi 
Published: April 2022

Background
The standardized T1-weighted/T2-weighted (sT1w/T2w) ratio for the middle cerebellar peduncle (MCP) has been reported to be sensitive for detecting degenerative changes in the cerebellar subtype of multiple system atrophy (MSA-C), even in the early stages. We aimed to investigate the diagnostic value of the MCP sT1w/T2w ratio for differentiating between MSA-C and spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA).

Methods
We included 32 MSA-C, 8 SCA type 3 (SCA3), 16 SCA type 6 (SCA6) patients, and 17 controls, and the MCP sT1w/T2w ratio was analyzed using a region-of-interest approach. The diagnostic performance of the MCP sT1w/T2w ratio in discriminating among MSA-C, SCA3, and SCA6 was assessed and compared with diagnosis based on visual interpretation of MCP hyperintensities and the “hot cross bun” (HCB) sign.

Results
MCP sT1w/T2w ratio values were markedly lower in patients with MSA-C than in those with SCA3, those with SCA6, and controls (p < 0.001). The MCP sT1w/T2w ratio showed high diagnostic accuracy for distinguishing MSA-C from SCA3 (area under curve = 0.934), SCA6 (area under curve = 0.965), and controls (area under curve = 0.980). The diagnostic accuracy of the MCP sT1w/T2w ratio for differentiating MSA-C from SCA3 or SCA6 (90.0% for MSA-C vs. SCA3, and 91.7% for MSA-C vs. SCA6) was comparable to or superior than that of visual interpretation of MCP hyperintensities (80.0–87.5% in MSA-C vs. SCA3 and 87.6–97.9% in MSA-C vs. SCA6) or the HCB sign (72.5–80.0% in MSA-C vs. SCA3 and 77.1–93.8% in MSA-C vs. SCA6).

Conclusions
The MCP sT1w/T2w ratio might be a sensitive imaging-based marker for detecting MSA-C-related changes and differentiating MSA-C from SCA3 or SCA6.
Refractive and visual function changes in twilight conditions
Authors: Iizuka Tatsuya , Kawamorita Takushi , Handa Tomoya , Ishikawa Hitoshi 
Published: April 2022

Purpose
We investigated the effect of luminance on refraction and visual function under twilight conditions.

Methods
Twenty young adults (mean age 20.5 ± 0.5 years) without ocular diseases and 20 eyes were included in the study. Subjective and objective spherical equivalent power (SE), logMAR, pupil diameter, ocular aberration, and ocular axial length were evaluated. Measurements were conducted in a light room with high luminance (300 cd/m2) targets (photopic), in a dark room with low luminance (10 cd/m2) targets (twilight), and a dark room after 15 min of adaptation to low luminance (10 cd/m2) targets (after adaptation: AA). Differences between the three conditions were analyzed using the Friedman test and Scheffe’s multiple comparisons.

Results
The results of logMAR were -0.20 ± 0.07, -0.08 ± 0.08, and -0.11 ± 0.08 in photopic, twilight, and AA, respectively, with significant differences between photopic and twilight (p < 0.001) and between photopic and AA (p < 0.001). Then subjective SE were -3.58 ± 2.04 D, -3.75 ± 2.08 D, and -3.74 ± 2.04 D in photopic, twilight, and AA, respectively, with significant differences between photopic and twilight (p = 0.007) and photopic and AA (p = 0.023). However, none of the other objective SEs produced a significant difference (p = 0.63). The pupil diameter and ocular aberration changed significantly in all conditions (p < 0.001).

Conclusions
Subjective myopic refraction increased and visual resolution decreased in younger subjects. However, this change in refraction is less than one level (±0.25 D) in clinical optometry, so fully corrected eyeglasses are important when assuming refraction in twilight, and there is no need for additional correction.
Risk and predictive factors for severe dengue infection: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Yuan Kangzhuang , Chen Yuan , Zhong Meifeng , Lin Yongping , Liu Lidong 
Published: April 2022

Background
Dengue is a major public health issue worldwide and severe dengue (SD) is life threatening. It is critical to triage patients with dengue infection in the early stage. However, there is limited knowledge on early indicators of SD. The objective of this study is to identify risk factors for the prognosis of SD and try to find out some potential predictive factors for SD from dengue fever (DF) in the early of infection.

Methods
The PubMed, Cochrane Library and Web of Science databases were searched for relevant studies from June 1999 to December 2020. The pooled odds ratio (OR) or standardized mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) of identified factors was calculated using a fixed or random effect model in the meta-analysis. Tests for heterogeneity, publication bias, subgroup analyses, meta-regression, and a sensitivity analysis were further performed.

Findings
A total of 6,848 candidate articles were retrieved, 87 studies with 35,184 DF and 8,173 SD cases met the eligibility criteria. A total of 64 factors were identified, including population and virus characteristics, clinical symptoms and signs, laboratory biomarkers, cytokines, and chemokines; of these factors, 34 were found to be significantly different between DF and SD, while the other 30 factors were not significantly different between the two groups after pooling the data from the relevant studies. Additionally, 9 factors were positive associated with SD within 7 days after illness when the timing subgroup analysis were performed.

Conclusions
Practical factors and biomarkers for the identification of SD were established, which will be helpful for a prompt diagnosis and early effective treatment for those at greatest risk. These outcomes also enhance our knowledge of the clinical manifestations and pathogenesis of SD.
Hubungan Kelengkapan Isi Asesmen Awal Pasien dan Tema Komplain Pasien
Authors: Putra Mahabara Yang , Dwiantoro Luky , Arso Septo Pawelas 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACTBackground: The hospital is a plenary individual health service with one of the service standards in the form of patient assessment. The incomplete rate of filling out the initial medical assessment of patients in April 2018 at the inpatient polyclinic reached 37.35% from the standard which should have been 0% incomplete in 1x24 hours. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between the level of completeness of the patient's initial assessment with the patient's complaint theme area. Method: This research is an analytical descriptive study used total sampling. Data were collected from December 2020 to February 2021. The research variable used was the level of completeness of the initial patient assessment as an independent variable with the patient's complaint theme field as the dependent variable. Data analysis was performed using a frequency distribution table and relationship analysis using the chi-square test.Results: The most (67.2%) complaints were made by patients or their families with incomplete initial assessments. The highest complaints with incomplete initial assessment were found in the medical field (75.0%). There was no relationship between the level of completeness of the patient's initial assessment and the patient's complaint theme area (p-value = 0.680). Evaluation of the hospital is needed to improve the quality of service. Further research can be conducted to determine the factors causing the high number of complaints in the medical field.Keywords: patient assessment, complaint, hospital
On the rigidity of harmonic-Ricci solitons
Authors: Anselli Andrea 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWe introduce the notion of rigidity for harmonic-Ricci solitons and provide some characterizations of rigidity, generalizing known results for Ricci solitons. In the complete case we restrict to steady and shrinking gradient solitons, while in the compact case we treat general solitons without further assumptions. We show that the rigidity can be traced back to the vanishing of certain modified curvature tensors that take into account the geometry of a Riemannian manifold equipped with a smooth mapφ, calledφ-curvature, which is a natural generalization in the setting of harmonic-Ricci solitons of the standard curvature tensor.
Development of a liquid chromatography mass spectrometry method for the determination of vitamin K1, menaquinone-4, menaquinone-7 and vitamin K1-2,3 epoxide in serum of individuals without vitamin K supplements
Authors: Meinitzer Andreas , Enko Dietmar , Zelzer Sieglinde , Prüller Florian , Alonso Nerea , Fritz-Petrin Eva , Herrmann Markus 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Vitamin K and metabolites have a beneficial role in blood coagulation, bone metabolism and growth. However, the determination of vitamin K concentrations in the blood in patients consuming a diet with naturally occurring vitamin K is currently challenging. We aim to develop a cost-effective and rapid method to measure vitamin K metabolites with potential application for clinics and research.

Methods
We developed a simple liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric (LC-MS/MS) method for the determination of vitamin K1, menaquinone-4 (MK-4), menaquinone-7 (MK-7) and vitamin K1-2,3 epoxide in human serum and validated the method in a study cohort of 162 patients tested for carbohydrate malabsorption and in 20 patients with oral phenprocoumon intake.

Results
The overall precision (CVs) ranged between 4.8 and 17.7% in the specified working range (0.06–9.0 nmol/L for all analytes except for MK-7 with 0.04–6.16 nmol/L). In the malabsorption cohort samples, measured values were obtained for all different vitamin K metabolites except for vitamin K1-2,3 epoxide. This metabolite could be detected only in patients with phenprocoumon intake. The good performance of the method is especially achieved by the interaction of three factors: the use of lipase in the sample preparation, the use of an atypical fluorinated reversed phase column, and a logarithmic methanol gradient.

Conclusions
The described method is able to determine the concentration of four vitamin K metabolites in a time-efficient, simple and cost-effective manner. It can be suitable for both routine clinics and research.
Asymmetric CPW-fed hexagonal monopole antenna with Boomerang-shaped Fractals for ultra-wideband applications
Authors: Ramya C. Muthu , Rani R. Boopathi 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn recent days, miniaturized antennas have gained significance in portable ultra-wideband (UWB) applications owing to its broad coverage spectrum. Fractal antennas have become popular in this context owing to the three properties: self-similarity, space-filling, and lacunarity, thereby producing miniaturization with a broad spectrum. Conventional Fractal antennas achieve a good impedance bandwidth, relatively high gain, at the cost of trade-off between compact size, radiation characteristics and broad spectrum. In this paper, an asymmetric coplanar waveguide–fed hexagonal monopole antenna with Boomerang-shaped Fractals is proposed for UWB characteristics with relatively high antenna gain and wide bandwidth. The miniaturization of the antenna is realized by the Fractal structure. The size of the antenna is to be 0.287 λr × 0.287 λr × 0.009 λr, whereλris the resonating wavelength at 3.45 GHz. The proposed antenna is printed on a 0.8-mm-thick FR-4 substrate with relative dielectric constant of 4.4 and a loss tangent of 0.02. From frequency-domain analysis, the experimental results reveal that the fractional bandwidth is 101.7% and the peak antenna gain detected is 5.1 dBi. The radiation performance of the antenna was nearly omnidirectional. From the time-domain analysis, group delay and three different Fidelity Factors i.e. Fidelity Factor (FF), System Fidelity Factor (SFF), and Fidelity Factor of System (FFS), the proposed antenna is found to have negligible distortion. As the bandwidth meets up to fractional bandwidth above 20% and absolute bandwidth greater than 500 MHz, the proposed antenna is suitable for 3.45–10.6 GHz UWB applications.
Clinical investigation of lipoprotein (a) levels in type 2 diabetics for cardiovascular diseases prediction and prognosis
Authors: Bustanji Yasser , Barham Noor , Abu-rish Eman Y. , Alhyari Abdelkareem , Albustanji Basil , Alnajjar Majd , Abu-irmaileh Bashaer , El-Huneidi Waseem , Abu-Gharbieh Eman , Mohammad Mohammad , Fararjeh Mohammed , Issa Ala , Semreen Mohammad , Bajes Hana 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Objectives
We aimed to evaluate the levels of serum lipoprotein a, LP (a), in Jordanian patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM); and to examine its relation to glycemic control, metabolic syndrome (MS) and duration of DM. The LP (a) is considered one of the independent risk factors for coronary artery disease (CAD) in the general population.

Methods
Fasting blood samples were drawn from 51 diabetic patients with type 2 DM and 31 non-diabetic age and sex control subjects. Serum LP (a) was measured along with other parameters, including triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) and glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c). Correlation analyses were performed between LP (a) and the various variables measured.

Results
LP (a) measurement showed a skewed distribution towards the lower levels in both groups. Mean LP (a) levels showed a statistically insignificant difference between the two groups. No correlations of LP (a) were observed with age, sex or body mass index (BMI). No correlations of LP (a) with LDL-c, HDL-c, TG, TC, MS, DM duration or HbA1c were observed. The LP (a) serum levels were significantly higher in type 2 diabetic patients with retinopathy.

Conclusions
LP (a) serum levels are not increased in type 2 diabetic patients; so, LP (a) may not be a reliable marker for early therapeutic interventions in DM patients, even in high-risk for thrombosis groups.
The pseudosymmetric crystal structure of 3-((1R,2S)-1-methylpyrrolidin-1-ium-2-yl)pyridin-1-ium hexachloridostannate(IV), C10H16N2SnCl6
Authors: Wolke Marie Barbara , Reiss Guido J. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
C10H16N2SnCl6, monoclinic, I2 (no. 5), a = 14.0477(4) Å, b = 8.9140(2) Å, c = 27.6199(6) Å, β = 93.060(2)°, Z = 8, V = 3453.67(15) Å3, R

gt
(F) = 0.0395, wR

ref
= 0.0858, T = 290 K.
The chair’s use of address terms in workplace meetings
Authors: Park Innhwa 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This conversation analytic study investigates the chair’s practice of addressing participants in multiparty meeting interaction. Paying close attention to the participants’ verbal and embodied actions, I examine 12 h and 30 min of video-recorded faculty meetings in a U.S. school district. I focus on how the meeting chair uses terms of address (e.g., first name, occupational title) during the meetings. The analyses show that when the chair uses an address term, she not only establishes a recipient, but also invokes and makes her institutional identity relevant as a meeting chair. In particular, the chair uses an address term while carrying out actions such as 1) opening or closing a topic, 2) managing the floor for different speakers, and 3) conducting relational work (e.g., welcoming a new member). The findings show that the address terms facilitate the chair’s actions that promote progressivity – between and within (a) topic(s) in the meeting agenda – and foster social solidarity by displaying affect toward individual participants. This study contributes to research on address terms and their functions, as well as to meeting interaction, particularly with regard to chairing practices.
Cu(C2N4H4)2Br2·2H2O: an antiferromagnetic cyanoguanidine coordination compound and its characterization
Authors: Zhang Jing , Corkett Alex J. , van Leusen Jan , Nelson Ryky , Dronskowski Richard 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Phase-pure copper(II) cyanoguanidine bromide hydrate, Cu(C2N4H4)2Br2·2H2O (1), was precipitated from aqueous solution and its structure was solved and refined from single-crystal X-ray diffraction data at 100 K. 1 crystallizes in space group P21/n with a = 12.09(3) Å, b = 3.925(9) Å, c = 13.79(3) Å, β = 96.62(6)°, Z = 2, and V = 650(2) Å3. The copper(II) cation is coordinated by two cyanoguanidine molecules adopting the cyanoimine shape and four bromide anions in a Jahn–Teller-distorted motif, forming infinite chains of edge-sharing octahedra along the crystallographic b axis. IR spectroscopic and magnetic susceptibility measurements were carried out in addition to density-functional electronic-structure calculations performed to assess both the magnetic ground state and the exchange interactions. Experiment and theory agree as regards antiferromagnetism and weak magnetic exchange.
The Genesis of Yi’an Style (易安體) in Medieval Chinese Poetry
Authors: Dashchenko Hanna 
Published: April 2022

This article deals with the genesis of Yi’an style (易安體), the poetic style of the outstanding Chinese female poet of the Song dynasty Li Qingzhao (李清照, 1084–1155?). The empirical material for this research is her extant early 22 ci (1098–1108). The first part of the article briefly discusses the specific features of ci genre, which reached its heyday during the Song dynasty (宋朝, 960–1279). The second part examines the peculiar features of Li Qingzhao’s early ci, which indicate her pushing the limits of writing traditional Chinese poetry. These features are 1) modification of the classical themes and images; 2) introduction of love and erotic ci from a female perspective; 3) experiments with the composition of ci and their rhythmic and melodic structure. She introduced the lyric element into conventional ci, composing the poems with strong personal engagement. Her genre innovations lie in overcoming the limits and conventions of the genre, legitimating the Self of a poet in her distinctive personal style – Yi’an style.