bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unveiling the potential of spirulina algal extract as promising antibacterial and antibiofilm agent against carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae: in vitro and in vivo study
Authors: Selim Mohamed I. , El-banna Tarek , Sonbol Fatma , Negm Walaa A. , Elekhnawy Engy 
Published: January 2025

AbstractCarbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae poses a severe risk to global public health, necessitating the immediate development of novel therapeutic strategies. The current study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of the green algae Arthrospira maxima (commercially known as Spirulina) both in vitro and in vivo against carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae. In this study, thirty carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae isolates were collected, identified, and then screened for their susceptibility to several antibiotics and carbapenemase production genes using PCR. Both blaKPC and blaOXA-48 genes were the most predominant detected carbapenemase genes in the tested isolates. The phytochemical profiling of A. maxima algal extract was conducted using LC–MS/MS in a positive mode technique. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of the algal extract ranged from 500 to 1000 µg/mL. The algal extract also resulted in decreasing the membrane integrity and distortion in the bacterial cells as revealed by scanning electron microscope. The bioactive compounds that were responsible for the antibacterial action were fatty acids, including PUFAs, polysaccharides, glycosides, peptides, flavonoids, phycocyanin, minerals, essential amino acids, and vitamins. Moreover, A. maxima algal extract revealed an antibiofilm activity by crystal violet assay and qRT-PCR. A murine pneumonia model was employed for the in vivo assessment of the antibacterial action of the algal extract. A. maxima showed a promising antibacterial action which was comparable to the action of colistin (standard drug). This was manifested by improving the pulmonary architecture, decreasing the inflammatory cell infiltration, and fibrosis after staining with hematoxylin and eosin and Masson’s trichrome stain. Using immunohistochemical investigations, the percentage of the immunoreactive cells significantly decreased after using monoclonal antibodies of the tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin six. So, A. maxima may be considered a new candidate for the development of new antibacterial medications.
Graphical Abstract
The subventricular zone neurogenic niche provides adult born functional neurons to repair cortical brain injuries in response to diterpenoid therapy
Authors: Pardillo-Díaz Ricardo , Pérez-García Patricia , Ortego-Domínguez María , Gómez-Oliva Ricardo , Martínez-Gómez Nora , Domínguez-García Samuel , García-Cózar Francisco , Muñoz-Miranda Juan Pedro , Hernández-Galán Rosario , Carrascal Livia , Castro Carmen , Nunez-Abades Pedro 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Introduction
Neural stem cells from the subventricular zone (SVZ) neurogenic niche provide neurons that integrate in the olfactory bulb circuitry. However, in response to cortical injuries, the neurogenic activity of the SVZ is significantly altered, leading to increased number of neuroblasts with a modified migration pattern that leads cells towards the site of injury. Despite the increased neurogenesis and migration, many newly generated neurons fail to survive or functionally integrate into the cortical circuitry. Providing the injured area with the adequate signaling molecules may improve both migration and functional integration of newly generated neurons.

Methods
In here, we have studied the effect of a diterpene with the capacity to induce neuregulin release at promoting neurogenesis in a murine model of cortical brain injury. Using green fluorescent protein expressing vectors we have labeled SVZ cells and have studied the migration of newly generated neuroblasts toward the injury in response the treatment. In addition, using electrophysiological recordings we have studied the differentiation of these neuroblasts into mature neurons and their functional integration into the cortical circuitry. We have studied their electrical properties, their morphology and cortical location.

Results
We have found that EOF2 treatment of adult mice with mechanical cortical injuries facilitates the delivery of neuroblasts into these injuries. The newly generated neurons develop features of fully functional neurons. Our results show that the newly generated neurons receive electrical inputs, fire action potentials, and undergo complete differentiation into neurons recapitulating the stages that distinguish ontogenic differentiation. These neurons develop features representative of neurons belonging the cortical layer in which they are situated. We have also studied that EOF2 facilitates neuregulin release in SVZ cells, a signaling factor that promotes neuronal differentiation. Neuregulin is expressed in microglial cells that reach the injury in response to the damage and its release is increased by EOF2 treatment.

Conclusion
Promoting neuregulin release via diterpene treatment facilitates migration of SVZ-derived neuroblasts to cortical injuries stimulating their differentiation into mature functional neurons, which receive electrical inputs and develop features of cortical neurons. These findings highlight the role of diterpenoids as a potential therapy to repair cortical brain injuries.
Net energy of grains for dairy goats differed with processing methods and grain types
Authors: Su Xiaodong , Zhang Lei , Sun Yiyang , Wu Yanbo , Ren Jianrong , Wu Shengru , Lei Xinjian , Zhang Jun , Wang Dangdang , Ren Hao , Yao Junhu 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Background
The diverse types and processing methods of grains intricately influence the sites and digestibility of starch digestion, thereby impacting energy utilization. This study aimed to explore the impact of grain variety and processing methods on the net energy (NE) in dairy goats, analyzing these effects at the level of nutrient digestion and metabolism.

Methods
Eighteen castrated Guanzhong dairy goats (44.25 ± 3.59 kg BW) were randomly divided into 3 groups, each consisting of 6 replicates. The substitution method was employed to determine the NE values of the dry-rolled corn (DRC), dry-rolled wheat (DRW) or steam-flaked corn (SFC, 360 g/L). Briefly, two phases were performed. Throughout the basal phase, all goats were fed the same basal diet. In the substitution phase, 30% of the basal diet was replaced with DRC, DRW and SFC, respectively.

Results
In this study, the NE values of the DRC, DRW and SFC were 7.65, 7.54 and 7.44 MJ/kg DM, respectively. Compared to the DRC group, the DRW group showed increased digestibility of starch and crude protein (CP). Similarly, the SFC group exhibited increased organic matter (OM) and starch digestibility and a trend towards higher dry matter (DM) digestibility, reduced fecal OM and starch content. Additionally, fecal volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentrations decreased in goats fed SFC. Correspondingly, digestible energy (DE) in the DRW and SFC groups tended to be higher than in the DRC group. DRW increased total VFA concentration compared to DRC, while SFC increased the proportion of propionate and decreased the acetate-to-propionate ratio in the rumen. Both the DRW and SFC diets elevated serum glucose levels. Furthermore, heat increment (HI) and gaseous energy (GasE) related to fermentation were significantly higher in the DRW and SFC groups compared to the DRC group.

Conclusion
Our findings indicated that DRW and SFC increased rumen starch fermentation in goats, thereby improving total tract starch digestion and DE. However, DRW and SFC failed to improve NE value due to increased heat and gas energy production from fermentation. Therefore, excessively refined grains processing in the diet of dairy goats does not effectively improve energy efficiency.
Discounted-likelihood valuation of variance and volatility swaps
Authors: Rujeerapaiboon Napat , Rujivan Sanae , Chen Hongdan 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe valuation of financial derivatives often assumes risk neutrality with respect to the risk-neutral martingale measure, which prevents arbitrage opportunities. However, casual traders may still incur substantial losses when trading at this risk-neutral price, especially when the price has to be paid now and the payoff is only realized in the future. This study proposes a new valuation framework that provides risk-sensitive investors with an additional safeguard. The proposed framework embraces a worst-case perspective while exploiting the underlier’s stochastic process, representing a combination of robust optimization and stochastic programming. Notably, it aims to mitigate losses in the likelier scenarios of the underlying asset’s prices. When the underlier’s returns are independent and lognormally but not necessarily identically distributed, our approach for pricing variance and volatility swaps could be greatly simplified, benefit from parallel computing, and be solved by a two-dimensional grid search. We further derive a closed-form solution in some special stationary cases and provide experimental results to highlight the effect of risk aversion on fending off sizable trading losses.
Transformational technologies for more uptakes of entomopathogenic nematodes
Authors: Abd-Elgawad Mahfouz M. M. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Background
Accelerated concern over chemical pesticides—due to health hazards, ecological pollution, and development of resistance-breaking pathotypes—has created markets for biopesticide products worldwide. Entomopathogenic nematode (EPN) products have recently attained major developments in their use, but their markets are still mostly confined to relatively few specialty crops. Their relatively high cost, occasional inconsistent efficacy, and lack of public awareness for their diverse benefits are gaps that relegate them to niche markets.

Main body
Transformational technologies for EPN surveys via sophisticated sampling, extraction, identification, and counting techniques could soundly characterize and employ more promising species/strains. Also, bridging the gaps can economize their usage via dual-purpose application or controlling multiple insect pests on a crop. Their simultaneous biocontrol of a variety of pests like plant-parasitic nematodes and insect pests should be considered. Their sequential and co-application with other agricultural inputs to offer additive/synergistic effects in integrated pest management (IPM) should be expanded. Such technologies should also widen spectra of EPN activity to manage further insect pests even on low-value crops such as alfalfa and maize. Classical breeding of EPNs could obtain Heterorhabditis bacteriophora-infective juveniles with so virulent and persistent superiority that application rates and consequent costs were reduced into the range of chemical insecticides. In contrast to chemicals, applying such a sustainable, non-toxic alternative biopesticide should be expanded to control Diabrotica virgifera virgifera infesting maize fields. Merits/demerits of the three EPN mass production approaches are well-known, but the related issues need to be astutely addressed for optimization. Recent examples to challenge such production issues as nematode quality/yield and cost efficiency are highlighted.

Conclusion
Astute exploitation of EPNs as a part of sophisticated IPM programs for crop pests is imperative. Widening their biocontrol spectra to other pest groups such as arthropods infecting low-value crops will expand their marketing. Other aspects for more uptakes of EPNs imply optimizing EPN delivery and persistence, priming them/their bioactive insecticidal compounds, and incorporating advanced technologies to reform their biocontrol with transformative impact.
Phylogenetic inferences reveal multiple intra- and interhost genetic diversity among bat rabies viruses circulating in northeastern Brazil
Authors: de Sousa Larissa Leão F. , Guilardi Mariana Dias , Martins Junior Olimpio , Alves Bruna Stefanie S. , Tibo Luiz Henrique S. , da Silva-Antunes Patrícia , Cabral-Miranda Gustavo , Caldeira Débora Bellini , Brandão Paulo Eduardo , Campos Fabrício Souza , Janini Luiz Mário R. , Durães-Carvalho Ricardo 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Background
Rabies, a lethal viral zoonotic disease, remains a significant global public health concern. In northeastern Brazil, in particular, its epidemiology is complex and dynamic, characterized by the presence of several reservoirs associated with human rabies infection.

Methods
This study, conducted from June 2022 to July 2023, was part of a passive epidemiological surveillance initiative under Brazil’s National Rabies Surveillance Program. It investigated the presence of Rhabdovirus (RhabV) in 356 postmortem chiropteran brain samples using three diagnostic techniques for rabies and conducted an evolutionary study on both pan-RhabV- and pan-LYSSAV-positive PCR samples. The samples were collected from 20 bat species and different locations in the State of Ceará, an endemic region for the rabies virus (RABV). Rabies-positive samples were further explored through Bayesian, genetic distance mapping and recombination analyses.

Results
From a total of 356 samples collected, 43 (12.07%) were positive for direct immunofluorescence (DIF) and 40 (11.23%) for mouse intracerebral inoculation (MIT) tests. Among the positive results, 40 samples were confirmed by both DIF and MIT, while 13 (3.65%) had inconclusive results for one or both techniques. Molecular assays identified 38 rabies-positive samples (10.67%). Members of the Molossidae and Phyllostomidae families had the highest prevalence, highlighting the role of insectivorous and frugivorous bats in the cycle and dynamics of rabies transmission. Phylogenetic reconstructions revealed three distinct and well-supported clusters and clades, indicating the cocirculation of different RABV lineages in the region and shedding light on both intra- and interhost diversity. We also demonstrated genetic distance among the RABV clusters and inferred that their common ancestor originated in Europe, later diversifying across continents. No recombination breakpoints were identified.

Conclusions
This study highlights the dynamic nature of RABV evolution within individual bat hosts, contributing to the understanding of the genetic diversity of RABV variants found in several bat species in northeastern Brazil. This study provides crucial insights into viral transmission dynamics within and between different host species and is essential for designing effective rabies control and prevention strategies tailored to endemic regions.
Litchi chinensis: nutritional, functional, and nutraceutical properties
Authors: Castillo-Olvera Guillermo , Sandoval-Cortes José , Ascacio-Valdes Juan A. , Wong-Paz Jorge E. , Álvarez-Pérez Olga B. , FloresLópez María L. , Aguilar Cristóbal N. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractLitchi chinensis is a tree in the Sapindaceae family. It is originally from China but grows in countries with tropical or subtropical climates. It has great commercial value because of its juiciness and fresh pulp. It is a rich source of nutrients and bioactive compounds (procyanidin type A and B, epicatechin, rutin, and quercetin). The compounds present in litchi have been reported to confer functional properties, such as antioxidant, anticancer, antimicrobial, and nutraceutical properties, and are believed to have the potential to develop new functional foods or products. This review summarizes the botanical characteristics and cultivation methods of litchis. Its nutritional composition has also been described, which includes a macronutrient and micronutrient profile; its functional properties, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer potential; and the relationship between bioactive compounds and their medicinal potential. Despite their beneficial qualities, litchi fruits face significant challenges in terms of conservation. Rapid browning of the pericarp is a major problem resulting in considerable product loss. Therefore, producers must develop sustainable strategies for the conservation and valorization of fruits and their byproducts. Therefore, it is necessary to look for innovative solutions that take advantage of the bioactive properties of litchi, which can be used to develop innovative pharmaceutical, food, or cosmetic products.
Graphical Abstract
The unbearable lightness of restricted Boltzmann machines: Theoretical insights and biological applications
Authors: di Sarra Giovanni , Bravi Barbara , Roudi Yasser 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Restricted Boltzmann machines are simple yet powerful neural networks. They can be used for learning structure in data, and are used as a building block of more complex neural architectures. At the same time, their simplicity makes them easy to use, amenable to theoretical analysis, yielding interpretable models in applications. Here, we focus on reviewing the role that the activation functions, describing the input-output relationship of single neurons in RBM, play in the functionality of these models. We discuss recent theoretical results on the benefits and limitations of different activation functions. We also review applications to biological data analysis, namely neural data analysis, where RBM units are mostly taken to have sigmoid activation functions and binary units, to protein data analysis and immunology where non-binary units and non-sigmoid activation functions have recently been shown to yield important insights into the data. Finally, we discuss open problems addressing which can shed light on broader issues in neural network research.
IFN-α Neutralizing Antibodies Distinguish LADA From Early-onset Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Amendolara Rocco , D’Onofrio Luca , Sessa Rosario Luigi , Di Giulio Stefano , Mignogna Carmen , Coraggio Lucia , Schirano Roberto , Zampetti Simona , Malandrucco Ilaria , Pozzilli Paolo , Giannini Giuseppe , Maddaloni Ernesto , Buzzetti Raffaella 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Context
Autoantibodies against interferon-α (AAb-IFN-α) might be associated with the less aggressive autoimmunity in latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) compared to early-onset type 1 diabetes (T1D).

Objective
To investigate the presence and clinical relevance of the positivity to AAb-IFN-α in people with LADA compared to T1D.

Research Design and Methods
Serum levels of AAb-IFN-α isoforms were measured using a cell-based approach in 41 subjects with LADA and 90 subjects with T1D.

Outcomes
The primary and secondary outcomes were the difference between LADA and T1D in the proportion of participants testing positive for autoantibodies (AAb) against ≥2 and against 3 interferon-α (IFN-α) isoforms, respectively. The presence and levels of AAb-IFN-α were related to clinical and biochemical features of participants with LADA.

Results
Seven (17.1%) and 5 (12.2%) participants with LADA and 3 (3.3%) and 0 participants with T1D showed positivity for AAb against ≥2 and 3 IFN-α isoforms (P = .011 and P = .0025, respectively). Fasting blood glucose and hemoglobin A1c levels were numerically lower among people with LADA testing positive for AAb against ≥2 IFN-α isoforms than among those who were either negative or positive for AAb against 1 IFN-α isoform. Among LADA-positive individuals, levels of AAb-IFN-α2 isoform were inversely correlated with glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies levels (rho = −0.513; P = .025).

Conclusion
Autoimmunity against IFN-α is peculiar to autoimmune diabetes and appears to be distinctive to its slowly progressive forms. Understanding the underlying molecular mechanisms and clinical significance of this novel autoimmunity could lead to the development of new therapeutic strategies in autoimmune diseases, advancing personalized medicine.
Effectiveness of carbon dioxide cryotherapy for the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis: Systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Tilahun Zewdu Feleke , Misganaw Geremew Bisrat , Gadisa Belachew Endalamaw , Alemu Gelay Kassahun 
Published: January 2025

Background
Cutaneous leishmaniasis is one of the neglected tropical diseases which is hard to treat. Carbon dioxide-based cryotherapy is a novel therapeutic option for cutaneous leishmaniasis in both developed and developing nations. This study aims to summarize the pooled evidence on the effectiveness of carbon dioxide-based cryotherapy for the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis.

Methods
Searches of grey literature using Google Scholar and databases including PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Google Scholar were conducted to find studies that reported the cure rate of cryotherapy. The search, screening, data extraction, and critical evaluation were carried out by two authors, with a third acting as a tiebreaker. To locate papers, we used Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) phrases and keywords. Between May 10 and May 13, 2023, the review protocol was developed using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 checklist. For the meta-analysis, STATA 17 was the statistical software used. The random effects model was employed to compile the effect estimates. Lastly, we used the funnel plot and Egger’s test to evaluate publication bias, heterogeneity, sensitivity, and subgroup analyses.

Result
Out of the 16 researches included in the review, seven papers with a total of 1,357 cases were chosen for the meta-analysis. For the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis, the pooled cure rate with carbon dioxide-based cryotherapy was 87.84% (95% CI: 65.92–109.77). Randomized controlled trials made up the majority of the studies that were used. The highest cure rate was seen when there were two lesions, 94.34% (95% CI:68.21–119.48), and when the size of the lesion was less than or equal to 4, 93.83% (95% CI:68.92–118.75). There was no indication of a significant publishing bias.

Conclusion
Carbon dioxide-based cryotherapy revealed a high pooled efficacy. The efficacy of the CL instances was mostly dependent on the extent of the lesion and the frequency of therapy administration. To determine if this therapy is beneficial in a routine care context, a large-scale study with a sound design is necessary.
Accounting, analytical and financial support for making management decisions of the enterprise.
Authors: Nuzhna Oksana , Derevianko Svitlana , Hurenko Tamara , Sydorenko Roman , Grudzevych Yuliia 
Published: January 2025

The article examines the role of accounting and analysis systems in making strategic and tactical decisions at the enterprise. The influence of financial information on the quality of management decisions, which allows enterprises to achieve high economic results in market instability and a competitive environment, is studied. The specifics of the functioning of the subsystem of accounting and analytical management of the economic activities of the enterprise were investigated. Modern approaches to the organisation of accounting and financial analysis are considered, and their effectiveness for solving practical enterprise management tasks is analysed. A complex set of financial planning, budgeting, and forecasting tools is defined as essential elements of the management decision-making support system. The role of digital technologies and automation of analytical processes in increasing the accuracy and efficiency of accounting and analytical information is studied. The need to improve accounting and analytical support as a critical prerequisite for the company to achieve sustainability and financial stability in market changes is proven.