bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetically Determined Reproductive Aging and Coronary Heart Disease: A Bidirectional 2-sample Mendelian Randomization
Authors: Dam Veerle , Onland-Moret N Charlotte , Burgess Stephen , Chirlaque Maria-Dolores , Peters Sanne A E , Schuit Ewoud , Tikk Kaja , Weiderpass Elisabete , Oliver-Williams Clare , Wood Angela M , Tjønneland Anne , Dahm Christina C , Overvad Kim , Boutron-Ruault Marie-Christine , Schulze Matthias B , Trichopoulou Antonia , Ferrari Pietro , Masala Giovanna , Krogh Vittorio , Tumino Rosario , Matullo Giuseppe , Panico Salvatore , Boer Jolanda M A , Verschuren W M Monique , Waaseth Marit , Pérez Maria José Sánchez , Amiano Pilar , Imaz Liher , Moreno-Iribas Conchi , Melander Olle , Harlid Sophia , Nordendahl Maria , Wennberg Patrik , Key Timothy J , Riboli Elio , Santiuste Carmen , Kaaks Rudolf , Katzke Verena , Langenberg Claudia , Wareham Nicholas J , Schunkert Heribert , Erdmann Jeanette , Willenborg Christina , Hengstenberg Christian , Kleber Marcus E , Delgado Graciela , März Winfried , Kanoni Stavroula , Dedoussis George , Deloukas Panos , Nikpay Majid , McPherson Ruth , Scholz Markus , Teren Andrej , Butterworth Adam S , van der Schouw Yvonne T 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Background
Accelerated reproductive aging, in women indicated by early natural menopause, is associated with increased coronary heart disease (CHD) risk in observational studies. Conversely, an adverse CHD risk profile has been suggested to accelerate menopause.

Objectives
To study the direction and evidence for causality of the relationship between reproductive aging and (non-)fatal CHD and CHD risk factors in a bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) approach, using age at natural menopause (ANM) genetic variants as a measure for genetically determined reproductive aging in women. We also studied the association of these variants with CHD risk (factors) in men.

Design
Two-sample MR, using both cohort data as well as summary statistics, with 4 methods: simple and weighted median-based, standard inverse-variance weighted (IVW) regression, and MR-Egger regression.

Participants
Data from EPIC-CVD and summary statistics from UK Biobank and publicly available genome-wide association studies were pooled for the different analyses.

Main Outcome Measures
CHD, CHD risk factors, and ANM.

Results
Across different methods of MR, no association was found between genetically determined reproductive aging and CHD risk in women (relative risk estimateIVW = 0.99; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.97-1.01), or any of the CHD risk factors. Similarly, no associations were found in men. Neither did the reversed analyses show evidence for an association between CHD (risk factors) and reproductive aging.

Conclusion
Genetically determined reproductive aging is not causally associated with CHD risk (factors) in women, nor were the genetic variants associated in men. We found no evidence for a reverse association in a combined sample of women and men.
Brake orbits for Hamiltonian systems of the classical type via geodesics in singular Finsler metrics
Authors: Corona Dario , Giannoni Fabio 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We consider Hamiltonian functions of the classical type, namely, even and convex with respect to the generalized momenta. A brake orbit is a periodic solution of Hamilton’s equations such that the generalized momenta are zero on two different points. Under mild assumptions, this paper reduces the multiplicity problem of the brake orbits for a Hamiltonian function of the classical type to the multiplicity problem of orthogonal geodesic chords in a concave Finslerian manifold with boundary. This paper will be used for a generalization of a Seifert’s conjecture about the multiplicity of brake orbits to Hamiltonian functions of the classical type.
Targeted photoimmunotherapy for cancer
Authors: Mussini Andrea , Uriati Eleonora , Bianchini Paolo , Diaspro Alberto , Cavanna Luigi , Abbruzzetti Stefania , Viappiani Cristiano 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPhotodynamic therapy (PDT) is a clinically approved procedure that can exert a curative action against malignant cells. The treatment implies the administration of a photoactive molecular species that, upon absorption of visible or near infrared light, sensitizes the formation of reactive oxygen species. These species are cytotoxic and lead to tumor cell death, damage vasculature, and induce inflammation. Clinical investigations demonstrated that PDT is curative and does not compromise other treatment options. One of the major limitations of the original method was the low selectivity of the photoactive compounds for malignant over healthy tissues. The development of conjugates with antibodies has endowed photosensitizing molecules with targeting capability, so that the compounds are delivered with unprecedented precision to the site of action. Given their fluorescence emission capability, these supramolecular species are intrinsically theranostic agents.
Anaplastic ganglioglioma in pregnancy a cause of cerebral edema and maternal death
Authors: Capera Luisa F. , Aragón Mendoza Rafael L. , Roa Roberto Gallo , Romero Viviana Dávila 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Objectives
The true incidence of anaplastic ganglioglioma during pregnancy is extremely rare, very few cases have been reported in the literature.

Case presentation
This is a report of a case of anaplastic ganglioglioma diagnosed in pregnancy. The patient is a 23-year-old primigravida who presented at 19 weeks of gestation headache and a convulsive episode. Her workup revealed a rare cerebral tumor that progressed to a neurological decline and died during the postpartum period.

Conclusions
Anaplastic ganglioglioma is an aggressive counterpart of Glial tumors; in pregnancy they are rare and symptoms are nonspecific. The outcome for the mother in this case fatal and a protocol for these cases has not yet been reported.
Gibt es unauflösbare Widersprüche, denen sich das Ideal der Textkohärenz anpassen muss?
Authors: Botwinick Aryeh 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The paper addresses the topic of the unavoidability of contradiction in dealing with issues of scepticism – and how coherence can be restored to sceptical arguments and texts. It considers six classic paradoxes in the history of Western thought – of how language works to undermine and derail the coherence of thought. It also theorizes a philosophy of language approach to restore coherence in the classic instances discussed. As its major example, the paper explores how and why the image of successful, long-standing constitutions is a minimalist image through a discussion of the relationship between epistemological scepticism generally and textual scepticism specifically.
Markiert Asymmetrie eine Einheit des Care-Diskurses?
Authors: Stiegler Michael 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This essay analyses three meanings of asymmetry on which talk of asymmetry in German-language care discourse is based: as irreversibility [Unumkehrbarkeit], as imbalance [Ungleichgewichtigkeit] and as one-sidedness [Einseitigkeit]. One result of this analysis is that it currently seems doubtful whether asymmetry can serve as a central concept for care theories. Following this, two questions will be discussed. In systematical terms: how could this doubt possibly be resolved? In discourse-analytical terms: What are the functions of asymmetry in care discourse?
Die Sorge um sich und die anderen
Authors: Posselt Gerald 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Against the backdrop of contemporary debates about care ethics and care, this article undertakes a re-reading of Foucault’s analyses of the ancient care of the self. While the care of the self has so far been interpreted primarily in terms of an ethics and aesthetics of the self, it argues that the care of the self is constituted by the presence of the Other. This becomes clear as soon as one links the care of the self to parrhesia, which signifies an act of truth-telling through which the individual constitutes herself as the subject of a discourse of truth by confronting the Other with the truth. It is through this connection that the care of the self and parrhesia unfold their critical potential, as can be seen in the examples of Sophocles’ Antigone or the whistleblower Edward Snowden. This makes it possible not only to detach the concept of care from its close entanglement with the private sphere and to reframe it in political terms but also to envisage a critical attitude that is based both on the care of the self and others and on a concern for truth.
Sorgepraxis, Politik und Nächstenliebe
Authors: Plonz Sabine 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis article explores different feminist care discourses and their ethical implications and relates them to the biblical ethos of loving one’s neighbour. The latter is presented as a rich tradition of socio-historical, theological and ethical relevance for contemporaneous debates on the transformation towards a caring society. Nevertheless, it needs tobe liberated from patriarchal attitudes and other exclusive hermeneutics in Christianity (which is exemplified in a case study of Protestant moral discourse and societal practice) as well as from ignorance and prejudice in secular social science, humanities and public discourse. Hence, the article suggests rediscovering the biblical contexts and political implications of the commandment to love thy neighbour: its character as diversified social rights inspired by the Exodus, the concept of sanctification as attention to the world we live in and the prohibition of images as a resource for the development of humane respectful attitudes (integrity of the “other”) and politics of care.
Corona und das vernachlässigte kritische Potenzial politischer Solidarität
Authors: Dübgen Franziska , Kersting Daniel , Reder Michael 
Published: March 2022

AbstractCOVID-19 and its social and political consequences have led to increased attention to the sometimes philosophically neglected concept of solidarity. This paper reflects the discourse on solidarity in times of COVID-19 from the viewpoint of the philosophical debate on solidarity. We argue that currently – regarding this debate – the critical potential of solidarity as a political concept is often undermined. Solidarity should rather be used as a social-diagnostic lens to focus on and criticise problematic exclusions caused by current political developments. This applies especially to the cross-border and transnational dimension of political solidarity, which is often neglected in the national constrictions of political COVID-19 strategies. The paper concludes with observations on which levels and in which directions the reflection on solidarity could stimulate both the political and the philosophical debate on global crises such as COVID-19.
Ownership Structure, Size, and Banking System Fragility in India: An Application of Survival Analysis
Authors: Kaur Navneet , Shrivastav Santosh , Oberoi Sarbjit Singh 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The Reserve Bank of India has put 11 public sector banks under prompt corrective action and is planning to put three more where public sector banks constitute 68.9% of the total asset of the Indian banking industry based on 2018 figures; this raises a genuine concern for the financial health of the Indian banking sector as a whole. Under these considerations, this study is conducted to estimate the survival of banks based on ownership and size and uses the Cox proportional hazards model. This study has not found any significant difference in the failure risk of both public and private sector banks based on ownership. However, the study found a significant difference in the failure risk of banks based on size. The smaller banks are indeed at a higher risk of failure than larger banks. The findings of this study can be used to create an early warning system for smaller banks in India.
Does Perceived Corruption Converge? International Evidence
Authors: Lafuente Juan Ángel , Marco Amparo , Monfort Mercedes , Ordóñez Javier 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This article analyses the evolution over time of perceived corruption for a large set of countries worldwide. To proxy corruption, we use the recently proposed Bayesian Corruption Index (Standaert, S. (2015). Divining the level of corruption: A bayesian state space approach, Journal of Comparative Economics, 43(3), 782–803). We employ the test developed by (Phillips, P., & Sul, D. (2007). Transition modeling and econometric convergence tests. Econometrica, 75, 1771–1855) that enables the endogenous determination of convergence clubs for countries over time. Having divided countries into convergence clubs, we explore whether each club differs from the others in terms of their competitiveness ranking. In particular, drawing on the 2019 Global Competitiveness Report, we focus not only on the global competitiveness score, but also on the first and the fifth pillars of competitiveness: institutions and health, respectively. Mean and median scores for clubs confirm the general rule that low perceived corruption levels tend to be associated with high-income countries with established democracies, high-quality healthcare systems, and relatively low-income inequality. However, countries such as Spain and Italy, which are innovation-driven economies with excellent scores in the health pillar, are in the worst club for perceived corruption, suggesting there are additional idiosyncratic aspects that could drive perceived corruption levels.
Improved photocatalytic degradation of malachite green with a novel composite β-bihydroxycobalt phthalocyanine/Cu-BTC
Authors: Yin Yanbing , Yang Hang , Xin Zhaosong , Xu Guopeng , Liu Yang , Dong Guohua , Ma Jie 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In this work, a novel MOF (metal organic framework) based composite of β-BCoPc/Cu-BTC is fabricated by immobilizing β-aryloxy phthalocyanine cobalt (β-BCoPc) on Cu-BTC (benzenetricarboxylic acid-Cu) via a facile impregnation approach. After a systematic characterization via X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and N2 adsorption–desorption isotherms, the above-synthesized catalyst is for the first time applied to photocatalytically decompose refractory malachite green (MG) dye pollutant under UV light irradiation. In comparison with that of the β-BCoPc or Cu-BTC monomers, the synthesized β-BCoPc/Cu-BTC composite shows a significantly enhanced photocatalytic degradation performance of MG with a best degradation efficiency up to 90.12 %, which can easily be attributed to the synergistic effect between the Cu-BTC and β-BCoPc effectively improving light utilization efficiency, accelerating charge transportation and reducing charge recombination due to the desirable properties such as the conjugacy of the MOFs skeleton, the positive catalytic activity of central ion and large specific surface area, etc. In conclusion, the present work provides an effective and novel strategy via preparing MOF-based composite catalyst to realize the photocatalytic degradation of MG.
Decomposition of the total effect for two mediators: A natural mediated interaction effect framework
Authors: Gao Xin , Li Li , Luo Li 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMediation analysis has been used in many disciplines to explain the mechanism or process that underlies an observed relationship between an exposure variable and an outcome variable via the inclusion of mediators. Decompositions of the total effect (TE) of an exposure variable into effects characterizing mediation pathways and interactions have gained an increasing amount of interest in the last decade. In this work, we develop decompositions for scenarios where two mediators are causally sequential or non-sequential. Current developments in this area have primarily focused on either decompositions without interaction components or with interactions but assuming no causally sequential order between the mediators. We propose a new concept called natural mediated interaction (MI) effect that captures the two-way and three-way interactions for both scenarios and extends the two-way MIs in the literature. We develop a unified approach for decomposing the TE into the effects that are due to mediation only, interaction only, both mediation and interaction, neither mediation nor interaction within the counterfactual framework. Finally, we compare our proposed decomposition to an existing method in a non-sequential two-mediator scenario using simulated data, and illustrate the proposed decomposition for a sequential two-mediator scenario using a real data analysis.
Prevalence of nephropathy in Indian children and youth with type 1 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Karguppikar Madhura , Oza Chirantap , Shah Nikhil , Khadilkar Vaman , Gondhalekar Ketan , Khadilkar Anuradha 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Children with type 1 diabetes (T1D) having diabetic nephropathy (DN) are at increased risk of developing end stage renal disease. The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of DN and its predictors in Indian children and youth with T1D.

Methods
This cross-sectional study included 319 children and youth (2.6–21 years) with T1D having disease duration of at least 2 years. Demographic data and laboratory findings were obtained using standard questionnaires and protocols. Diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy was based on albuminuria on two occasions within a period of 3 months.

Results
The prevalence of DN in our study subjects was 13.4%. 7.5% subjects were known cases of diabetic nephropathy on treatment with enalapril. Hypertension was found in 14.3% subjects with DN in contrast to 4.1% without DN (p<0.05). Duration of diabetes and estimated glucose disposal rate were the important predictors of DN. Interestingly, of the 43 children with DN, 11.3% (n=8) were under 10 years age.

Conclusions
We found a high prevalence of DN in children and youth with T1D including in children under the age of 10 years. Early screening and timely intervention are required to retard the disease progression and avoid end stage renal disease.
Thermal hydraulic analysis and design of the WWR-M2 nuclear research reactor – power upgrading
Authors: Bsebsu F. M. , Bede G. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This paper presents the outline of the core thermal hydraulic design and analysis (Operational Safety Analysis) of the Budapest nuclear research reactor (WWR-M2 type), which is a tank-type, light water-cooled nuclear research reactor with 36% enriched uranium coaxial annuli fuel. The research reactor is currently upgraded to 10 MWth of thermal power, while the cooling capacity of the reactor was designed and constructed for 20 MWth. This reserve in the cooling capacity serves redundancy today but can be used for future upgrading too. The core thermal hydraulic design was, therefore, done for the normal operation conditions so that fuel elements have enough safety margins both against nucleate boiling anywhere in the reactor core. Thermal hydraulic performance was studied. It is shown that the 36% enriched UAlx-Al fuel elements in WWR-SM fuel coolant channel do not allow to force up the reactor power to 20 MWth. The study was carried out for an equilibrium core, with compact load (223 fuel assemblies) under normal operation conditions only (steady state condition).
Berechnungsverfahren für Temperaturen im Brandnahbereich
Authors: Blume G. , Siegfried W. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Für die ingenieurgemäße Untersuchung brandschutztechnischer Fragestellungen, die im Rahmen von individuellen Brandschutzkonzepten vorgenommen werden, ist häufig die Kenntnis von Umgebungstemperaturen im Umfeld des Brandereignisses wesentlich. Dabei stehen Fragen nach dem Auslösezeitpunkt von Sprinklern, die Temperaturbeaufschlagung von Bauteilen und das Erreichen kritischer Temperaturen Für Menschen oder Baustoffe im Vordergrund. Vielfach wird diese Berechnung mit Zonenmodellen oder überschlägig mit Plume-Ansätzen vorgenommen. Bei dieser Vorgehensweise werden häufig lokale Effekte nicht beachtet oder in Fällen, bei denen sich während des Brandverlaufes eine heiße Rauchgasschicht bildet, zu geringe Plume-Temperaturen berechnet. Mit Hilfe von modifizierten Ansätzen, wie sie in diesem Bericht vorgestellt worden sind, besteht die Möglichkeit, realistischere Werte zu berechnen, da sie insbesondere eine Vermischung der im Plume aufsteigenden Verbrennungsgasen mit den heißen Rauchgasen einer ausgebildeten Rauchgasschicht mit endlicher Temperatur in die Betrachtung einbeziehen.
Ultrasensitive nanoscale optomechanical electrometer using photonic crystal cavities
Authors: Xia Ji , Qiao Qifeng , Sun Haoyang , Huang Yongjun , Chau Fook Siong , Zhou Guangya 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
High-precision detection of electric charge is critical for physical, chemical, and biological measurements. Nanophotonic optomechanical system confines the optical field at the nanoscale and enables a strong interaction between optical cavity and mechanical resonator. Its high optical quality factor cavity and strong optomechanical coupling are promising for precision sensing applications. Here an integrated optomechanical electrometer is proposed for the electric charge sensing using a zipper cavity with a suspended photonic crystal nanobeam (PCN) acting as a movable mechanical resonator. As the electrostatic force arising from the electric voltage to be measured interacts with the mechanical motion of the movable PCN and modulates its resonance through electrostatic stiffening effect, optomechanical coupling transduces the mechanical motion to the optical field with enhanced sensitivity. The resonance shift of the mechanical resonator can be monitored to detect the electric voltage with a sensitivity of 0.007

Hz
/
m

V
2

$\mathrm{Hz}/\mathrm{m}{\mathrm{V}}^{2}$

. Moreover, the sensing performance can be further enhanced with the operation of the optomechanical electrometer in the self-sustained oscillation above threshold power. Owing to the narrow-linewidth of detector radio frequency (RF) spectrum with a large peak-to-noise floor ratio (up to 73.5 dB), the enhanced electrical sensitivity of 0.014

Hz
/
m

V
2

$\mathrm{Hz}/\mathrm{m}{\mathrm{V}}^{2}$

is achieved with a high resolution of

1.37

m

V
2

H

z

−
1
/
2

$1.37\,\mathrm{m}{\mathrm{V}}^{2}\mathrm{H}{\mathrm{z}}^{-1/2}$

. A theoretical minimal detectable electrostatic charge is calculated as

1.33
×

10

−
2

eH

z

−
1
/
2

$1.33{\times}{10}^{-2}\,\mathrm{eH}{\mathrm{z}}^{-1/2}$

by converting the measured electric voltage versus RF shift to an approximatively linear relationship. This on-chip optomechanical electrometry scheme provides a powerful solution to the ultrasensitive determination of charged nanoparticles in biological and chemical applications.