bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Establishment of quality indicators of promising plant raw materials - underground organs of Rumex confertus willd
Authors: Oproshanska Tetiana , Khvorost Olga , Batiuchenko Ivanna , Ivanauskas Liudas , Belikova Anastasiia 
Published: July 2022

The aim is to study the morphological and anatomical structure of the underground organs of R. confertus and to establish the type of medicinal plant raw materials, to determine a number of its indicators of quality and quantitative content of some groups of biologically active substances using modern methods of analysis.
Materials and methods. It was used air-dry and freshly collected raw materials and a microscope Delta optic BioLight 300 (Poland) to study the macro- and microscopic characteristics of the plant raw materials. Determination of amount of hydroxycinnamic acids and total polyphenols was determined spectrophotometrically according to monograph «Nettle leaf» and the method 2.8.14 of the State Pharmacopoeia of Ukraine 2.0 (on a spectrophotometer Optizen POP (Korea)). The study of the component composition of hydroxycinnamic acids was performed by HPLC.
Results. As a result of research of plant raw materials it was established that the underground organs of Rumex confertus are the roots of annual plants and the rhizomes and roots of two or three annual plants. Diagnostic features: morphological (for the root and rhizome - the nature of the surface and fracture) and anatomical (for the rhizome - aerenchyma in the cortex, the presence and location of scleroids and sclerenchyma in the plant raw materials of two or three annual plants, the presence in the cells of the cortex and pith parenchyma simple starch grains, druses and cells with yellow content in freshly harvested plant raw materials; for the root - the colour of peridermal cells, the degree of development of pith rays, the remainder of the primary xylem; a distinctive feature of the annual root from two or three annuals is the absence of scleroids). It was determined the borderline boundaries of indicators in the series of plant raw materials: loss on drying (not more than 13. 5 %), total ash (not more than 11 %), extractable matter (not less than 33 %) and the quantitative content of amount of hydroxycinnamic acids (not less than 1.3 %) and total polyphenols (not less than 3.5 %). It was identified chlorogenic and neochlorogenic acids.
Conclusions. It was determined the type of underground organs of Rumex confertus: annuals had only roots (tap root systems), from the second to the third year of life the plants have both rhizomes and tap root system. It was established their morphological and anatomical diagnostic features and determined numerical indicators and the quantitative content of the amount of hydroxycinnamic acids and total polyphenols with using modern methods of analysis and chlorogenic and neochlorogenic acids were identified. The obtained data will be used in further research, including the development of the draft monograph of the State Pharmacopoeia of Ukraine 2.0 or the draft methods of quality control of medicinal plant raw materials Rumex confertus and the creation of herbal medicines
Martial law: grounds for putting into operation in Ukraine
Authors: Teremetskyi Vladyslav , Vasyliev Stanislav 
Published: July 2022

The research is devoted to the legal regulation of the peculiarities of martial law in Ukraine. The norms of the Ukrainian legislation as to the imposition of martial law in Ukraine are studied. The concepts and grounds for the decision to declare martial law are given.
It is determined, that the grounds for the imposition of martial law in Ukraine are armed aggression, attack threat, and the danger of violating Ukrainian territorial integrity. Proposals for amendments to the legislation, governing the legal regime of martial law in Ukraine, have been identified. The Law of Ukraine On Defense of Ukraine and the Constitution of Ukraine is proposed to be supplemented with provisions that provide that martial law may be imposed only in the case of a declaration of war. The necessity of enshrining in the Law of Ukraine On the Legal Regime of Martial Law an exhaustive list of grounds for martial law has been proved. Armed aggression, the threat of attack, and the threat to the territorial integrity of Ukraine are recognized such grounds. The term "threat of attack" should be understood as conducting military exercises by another state near the borders of Ukraine, dangerous flight or maneuvering by an aircraft of another state within the territory of Ukraine, obstruction of navigation in the Kerch Strait, Black or Azov Seas in violation of international law. The term “threat of violation of territorial integrity” should be understood as the participation of citizens of other states in mass riots with demands for the withdrawal of certain regions from Ukraine, decision-making by the city, district, and regional council on announcing a referendum on the proclamation of a new state entity or withdrawal from the state. In this case, martial law may be imposed in certain areas of Ukraine. It is necessary to distinguish the grounds for the imposition of martial law throughout Ukraine and in some areas
A structured, blended learning program towards proficiency in epileptology: the launch of the ILAE Academy Level 2 Program
Authors: Blümcke Ingmar , Biesel Eva , Bedenlier Svenja , Händel Marion , Wilmshurst Jo , Mehndiratta Man Mohan , Yacubian Elza Márcia , Cendes Fernando , Arzimanoglou Alexis , Beniczky Sandor , Wolf Peter , Giavasi Christina , Baxendale Sallie , Shisler Priscilla , Wiebe Samuel 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe ILAE Academy is the online learning platform of the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) and offers a structured educational program addressing the competency‐based ILAE curriculum in epileptology. The platform was launched in July 2020 with a self‐paced course portfolio of interactive e‐learning modules addressing ILAE Level 1 learning objectives, defined as the entry level in epileptology. Using feedback questionnaires from completed Level 1 courses as well as sociodemographic and learning‐related data obtained from 47 participants, we show that over 50% of learners have an entry level in epileptology and do not have access to on‐site training and over 40% do not have access to on‐site training. Most respondents found the case‐based e‐learning modules relevant to their practice needs, and the time for completion was regarded as viable for most, reiterating the value of an online self‐paced training in the field. Participants who have successfully completed all compulsory e‐learning material of the Level 1 program and received their final certificate will now be eligible to subscribe to the Level 2 program. The Level 2 program addressing the proficiency level of the ILAE curriculum of epileptology was launched on the ILAE Academy platform in May 2022. The Level 2 program will offer an evolving series of self‐paced, interactive, case‐based e‐learning modules on diagnosis, treatment, and counseling of common as well as rare epilepsies at a higher level of care. An interactive online EEG and MRI reader was developed and is embedded into the course content to satisfy the demands of the learners. The hallmark of this level will be the blended learning with tutored online courses, e.g., the established VIREPA courses on EEG and the newly introduced VIREPA MRI program. Our distinguished faculty will hold live tutored online courses in small groups in various languages and continental time zones. Finally, the ILAE face‐to‐face curricular teaching courses at summer schools and congresses will represent another pillar of this advanced teaching level. The ILAE Academy will also provide Continuing Medical Education (CME) credits to support career planning in epileptology.
Динамика этнолингвистической структуры населения Киргизии
Authors: Авдеев Александр Александрович , Троицкая Ирина Алексеевна 
Published: July 2022

В статье представлен анализ изменения этнолингвистической структуры населения Киргизии после обретения республикой независимости, а также дана оценка роли и места русского языка на примере владения им как вторым/третьим языком и его присутствия в системе школьного образования.
В работе использованы данные Национального статистического комитета Киргизской Республики, отличающиеся большей детальностью по сравнению с демографической статистикой других стран Центральной Азии, а также данные переписи населения СССР 1989 года и выборочного обследования MICS (Многоиндикаторного кластерного обследования) 2018 г.
Анализ пронаталистской семейной политики в СССР в 1940-х – 1960-х годах
Authors: Накачи Мие 
Published: July 2022

Потери СССР в результате Великой Отечественной войны составили 27 млн человек или даже более по некоторым оценкам – самое большое количество в мире, и эти огромные жертвы стали ударом по демографической ситуации в стране. Для скорейшего возмещения убыли и ускорения роста рождаемости советская власть осуществляла пронаталистскую политику, в рамках которой 8 июля 1944 г. был принят Указ «Об увеличении государственной помощи беременным женщинам, многодетным и одиноким матерям, усилении охраны материнства и детства, об установлении почетного звания «Мать-героиня» и учреждении ордена «Материнская слава» и медали «Медаль материнства» (далее Указ).
Малоизвестным является тот факт, что автором проекта Указа был Н.С. Хрущёв, в то время являвшийся Председателем Совета народных комиссаров Украинской ССР (в 1947-1949 гг. – Первый секретарь Компартии Украины). Анализ проекта Указа и сопроводительной справки позволяет сделать вывод о том, что главной целью Указа было не заявленное увеличение помощи женщинам и матерям, а повышение рождаемости путем различных мер, в том числе среди незамужних молодых девушек и вдов. Данная статья содержит анализ пронаталистских мер, содержащихся в Указе, их влияния на гендерные отношения, решения о создании семьи и репродуктивное поведение советских людей. Несмотря на указанную в заглавии документа цель защиты интересов и благосостояния женщин, он скорее способствовал защите мужских интересов.
Поэтому этот законодательный акт в результате оказал негативное влияние на гендерные отношения, устойчивость семьи и благосостояние женщин и детей. Советские эксперты и общественность пытались исправить ситуацию, но не все их попытки были успешными, и ускорить процесс пересмотра Указа никак не удавалось. Как показывают результаты анализа, изложенные в данной статье, успех зависел от умения представить руководству страны пронаталистскую логику на основе данных статистики.
Анализ ситуации, сложившейся в результате принятия Указа позволяет нам также оценить послевоенную семейную политику в целом. Поскольку количественный демографический анализ осложнен тем, что в первые послевоенные десятилетия в СССР не было систематизированного сбора статистических данных о семейном состоянии, в своем исследовании гендерной и социальной истории мы сочетали различные источники информации, в том числе почерпнутые в государственных архивах, в средствах массовой информации того времени, дополняющие сегментированные статистические данные. Такой подход позволяет выявить описательные и качественные детали социального феномена, в том числе развития семьи и гендерных отношений. Эта методика дает возможность углубить понимание послевоенной жизни советских людей и расширить возможности всесторонней оценки влияния Указа на социальную жизнь и демографическое поведение людей в СССР в тот период.
Clinical and laboratory characteristics of epiglottitis caused by Haemophilus influenzae type b in children
Authors: Sitkina Ekaterina L. , Lioznov Dmitry A. , Ivanova Regina A. , Sabadash Nadezda V. , Meyrieva Ruket E. , Gorchakova Olga V. , Antonova Tamara V. 
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND: Epiglottitis is an acute infectious disease accompanied by edema of the epiglottis, salivation, sore throat, and intoxication. In 95% of cases, the causative agent of epiglottitis in children is Haemophilus nfluenza type b (Hib). The relevance of the problem is that acute epiglottitis of Haemophilus etiology is not a localized, isolated disease of the ENT organs, but can result in development of an epiglottic abscess or phlegmon, as well as of other generalized forms of Hib infection, including sepsis.
AIM: The aim of the study was to assess the incidence of epiglottitis caused by Hib in children and provide its clinical and laboratory characteristics.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: We analyzed 23 cases of epiglottitis caused by Hib in children. The diagnosis was based on clinical and epidemiological data with mandatory verification by bacteriological, serological, and/or molecular biological methods.
RESULTS: Epiglottitis was detected in 23 of 93 children with Hib infection who were treated at the Childrens Municipal Clinical Hospital No. 5 named after N.F. Filatov over the period from 2002 to 2016. Hib etiology of epiglottitis was confirmed mainly by the bacteriological method. All patients were prescribed ceftriaxone, which is the drug of choice for suspected Hib infection. Monotherapy was prescribed in 57% cases; two or more antibiotics were used in other cases (a course of 714 days).
CONCLUSIONS: Epiglottitis is a severe, life-threatening disorder being a generalized Hib infection. Patients with epiglottitis should be prescribed antibiotics prior to confirmation of Hib etiology since Hib is the causative agent of epiglottitis in the vast majority of pediatric cases. Multiple methods should be used simultaneously to confirm the diagnosis. Bacteriological blood test made it possible to identify the pathogen in the overwhelming majority of patients. There were no risk factors for Hib infection and no important comorbidity.
Antioxidant system and lipid peroxidation in rat erythrocytes under low-dose exposure to mercury acetate
Authors: Shchepetkova Kristina M. , Batotsyrenova Ekaterina G. , Litvinenko Lyubov A. , Ramenskaya Natalia P. , Kashuro Vadim A. 
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND: Low-dose exposure of mercury compounds to the human body for a long time leads to the accumulation of a toxicant in tissues, causing damage to health. Mercury can be delivered to a developing fetus through the placenta or to an infant through breast milk. Erythrocytes are the preferred cell for mercury accumulation, reaching a concentration 20 times higher than the concentration in blood plasma. Erythrocytes have powerful antioxidant protection. The antioxidant protection system of the cell plays an important role in maintaining of homeostasis in the cell. Despite of the apparent vastness of researches of the antioxidant system and lipid peroxidation, changes after subacute poisoning with heavy metals have not been sufficiently studied.
AIM: Study changes in biochemical parameters in Wistar rats erythrocytes with subacute poisoning with mercury acetate.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: 30 days and 44 days after the administration of mercury acetate at a dose of 4 mg/kg in the hemolysate of red blood cells of rats, the indicators of the antioxidant system and lipid peroxidation were determined.
RESULTS: The administration of mercury acetate for 30 days significantly increased the activity of SOD, GP and reduced the activity of GT. An increase of DC concentration was noted. 14 days after the end of the injection of the toxicant, the imbalance of the AOS enzyme link persists. An increase of DC and MDA concentrations was revealed.
CONCLUSIONS: The data obtained demonstrate a violation of the antioxidant balance in erythrocytes after a 30-day administration of mercury acetate. 14 days after the end of the injection of the toxicant, changes in the enzyme link of AOS persist. Intensification of the processes of lipoperoxidation of erythrocyte membranes has been established. In the delayed period after poisoning, there is a tendency to disturbance the balance of AOS of erythrocytes, the intensity of LPO processes increases.
New Algorithms and Software for Significance Controlled Variable Selection
Authors: Zambom Adriano , Kim Jongwook 
Published: July 2022

Stepwise regression algorithms have been widely used for a variety of applications and continue to be a fundamental tool in variable selection. Most functions available in statistical software packages deliver models that may contain insignificant predictors because of the criterion of the optimization at each step. Here we introduce an R package that provides the user with several measures of the prospective model at each step of the algorithm. These prospective models are checked with multiple testing p-value corrections such as Bonferroni and False Discovery Rate and hence the algorithm's final model includes only predictors that have their significance controlled by the choice of correction type and alpha level. Moreover, the steps forward or backward can have an entry or drop criterion that is a combination of the p-values of prospective models. We illustrate the functionality of the package with examples and simulations.
An Integer Optimal Control Model of Production-Inventory System
Authors: Dhaiban Ali Khaleel 
Published: July 2022

The optimal control model of the production-inventory system has investigated in several past studies, but without taking into account the integer condition. This study suggested a new approach to find the integer solution of production-inventory control model under periodic review policy. A new approach is based on the modified some equations of Pontryagin maximum principle that used to find the solution of the non-integer model. Our numerical results showed the efficiency of the new approach by saving the paths of inventory level and production rate up to reach its goals over time. The total penalty costs of the model were the same, despite a difference in the values of initial inventory level. Also, we testified a new approach by formulating the quadratic programming problem of the production-inventory system. The solution was the same for the two problems; quadratic programming and new approach.
The Growth, Feed Efficiency, and Survival Rate of Bonylip Barb (Osteochillus hasselti) in Biofloc Media C/N Ratio 10 with Different Stock Densities
Authors: Mumpuni Fia Sri , Muarif Muarif , Yulianti Nani , Hilmy Aziz Mufadhdha 
Published: July 2022

Bonylip barb (Osteochillus hasselti) is a favourite freshwater fish, especially in West Java, Indonesia. Cultivation of bonylip barb is carried out in a conventional method; therefore, it is necessary to apply new cultivation technology, namely biofloc. The purpose of this study was to know the growth, feed efficiency, and survival rate of Bonylip barb in biofloc system cultivation (C/N ratio 10) with different stocking densities. This research was conducted in March – July 2021, and the experiment was conducted at the Laboratory of Aquaculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Djuanda University, Bogor. The object of research is bonylip barb seed (size 4.5 – 5.5 cm). The research design was a completely randomized design with three treatments of stocking density {A (10 fish/21 L), B (20 fish /21 L), and C (30 fish /21 L)} with four replications. Parameters observed were specific growth rate, feed efficiency, survival rate, and water quality. Furthermore, data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and LSD test. The results showed that treatment A (stocking density 10 fish/21 L) had the best performance with a specific weight growth rate (2.03 ± 0.15%), feed efficiency (78.7%), and survival rate (100%). Water quality during the study was feasible for bonylip barb life. Keywords: Biofloc, Molasses, Osteochillus hasselti, Specific Growth Rate, Survival Rate
Anchovies (Stolephorus sp.) By-product Material as a Fish-feed Ingredient of Seurukan Fish (Osteochilus vittatus): Effect on Growth Performance and Gut Morphology
Authors: Zulfahmi Ilham , Audila Anggi , Sari Ayu Nirmala , Nur Firman M , Nugroho Rudy Agung , Hasri Iwan 
Published: July 2022

Fish meal is an important part of raw material for fish feed. However, the use of fish meal is considered unsustainable, compete with human being and expensive. By product of Anchovy (Stolephorus sp.) which contains high protein is potential to be used to replace fish meal. Present study aimed to determine the utilization of anchovy by-products raw materials as feed ingredient for seurukan fish (Osteochilus vittatus) and evaluate its effect on the growth performance and intestinal morphology. In total 250 seurukan fish (initial weight 0.67 ± 0.01 g) was randomly divided into four triplicates groups: control group, and experimental diets which had different inclusion level of anchovy by-products meal: 50%, 35%, and 20%. Fish were fed with different diet at level of 8% of body weight three times a day for 28 days. Present results showed that the inclusion of anchovy by-product meal in the feed by 50% can produce a higher value of weight gain (0.47±0.02 g), length gain (0.69±0.09 cm), SGR (2.20±0.51%) and feed efficiency (77.89±3.71%) compared to control feed (p<0.05). There was no significant difference in the survival rate and gut length ratio among groups of seurukan fish. Meanwhile, the average villi length and villi width of the seurukan fish fed experimental groups increased significantly compared to the control group (p<0.05). In conclusion, the 50% anchovy by-products meal inclusion in the diet of seurukan fish is beneficial to enhance growth, feed efficiency and improved feed absorption as indicated by histological analysis.
Renal hemosiderosis in paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
Authors: Monteiro Italo Gustavo Lima , Galdino Gabriela Studart , Lima Neto Raimundo Noberto de 
Published: July 2022

A previously healthy 38-year-old man presented with history of fever, adynamia and anemia for the last 5 months. Physical examination revealed pallor. Laboratory was marked by a hemoglobin level of 9.2g per deciliter (reference range, 14.0 to 18.0 g per deciliter), and a platelet count of 50,000 cells per cubic millimeter (reference range, 140,000 to 400,000 cells per cubic millimeter). There was no iron or vitamin B12 deficiency. Reticulocyte percentage was 3.9% (reference range 0.5 to 1.5%). Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was 2293 U/L (reference range, 230 to 460 u/L), total bilirubin was 1.98 mg/dL (reference <1 mg/dL), with predominance of indirect fraction, which was 1.36 mg/dL (reference < 0.8 mg/dL). The direct antiglobulin test was negative, and serum protein electrophoresis was unremarkable. After admission, the patient developed persistent abdominal pain. An abdominal MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) was performed and revealed segmental portal vein thrombosis (Figure 1) and the kidneys exhibited abnormally low renal cortical signal in T2-weighted sequences (Figure 2). This particular radiologic finding results from accumulation of hemosiderin in the kidneys and is typically seen in chronic intravascular hemolytic situations. His renal function was normal at admission, with a serum creatinine of 0.9mg per deciliter (reference range 0.7 to 1.3 mg per deciliter) and the urinalysis has shown hemoglobin 1+ without red cells. A flow cytometry confirmed the diagnosis of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH).
Iron deposition in the kidneys is typically seen in cases of intravascular hemolysis. Hemosiderin is deposited in the proximal convoluted tubules, promoting an inversion of the signal intensity of the renal cortex on MR. This finding is seen as an accentuated decrease in the cortical signal intensity on T2-weighted images. Interestingly, this accumulation does not seem to affect renal function as seen in this patient.
PNH is an acquired clonal haematopoietic stem cell disorder characterized by cytopenias of any lineage, episodes of intravascular haemolysis and prothrombotic state. These manifestations are due to an increased susceptibility of the blood cells membrane to lysis activity of the complement system. Most of the morbidity and mortality of PNH is due to thrombosis, although its mechanism is poorly understood.