bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Capillarisenol C, a novel bisphenol from Artemisia capillaris, induces autophagic death in hepatocellular carcinoma through endoplasmic reticulum stress
Authors: Wei Xiaofang , Yao Jie , Shen Wanying , Xie Qiujie , Li Yangfang , Ge Lanlan , Zeng Xiaobin , Tang Xudong 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In our previous work, we isolated a novel bisphenol named capillarisenol C (Cap C) from Artemisia capillaris. Preliminary studies indicated potential anti-hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) activity. However, its mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the function and molecular mechanism of the anti-HCC activity of Cap C. First, We evaluated the inhibitory effect of Cap C on the viability of HepG2 and Huh7 cells using CCK8 assays. The results showed that Cap C sharply reduced the viability of HepG2 and Huh7 cells in a time- and concentration-dependent manner, however, lenvatinib (clinical drugs for the treatment of HCC) had no obvious growth inhibitory effect on HepG2 and Huh7 cells at the corresponding concentration. By calculation, the half maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of Cap C were 8.58 and 4.96 µM for for HepG2 and Huh7 cells at 48 h. Then, we investigated its autophagic effects on liver cancer cells using immunofluorescence staining and CRISPR/Cas9 assays. To study the mechanism of Cap C, we used quantitative PCR and western blotting. We found that Cap C effectively inhibited the proliferation of HepG2 cells and increased MAP1LC3-II expression. Moreover, Cap C–induced cell death was attenuated by autophagy-related gene ATG7 knockdown. Mechanistic studies showed that Cap C significantly promoted the expression of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress–related proteins. Our results suggest that Cap C may lead to autophagic HCC cell death by inducing ER stress.
A new approach to evaluate 3D flow fields using an off-axis 2D PIV system: investigation of a tubular reactor equipped with Kenics static mixers
Authors: Yao Zechen , Alberini Federico , Montante Giuseppina , Paglianti Alessandro 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Abstract:
In this work, an off-axis 2D Particle Image Velocimetry system is used to obtain the 3D flow field at the outlet of a tubular reactor equipped with Kenics static mixers. The 3D flow fields are obtained exploiting the out-of-plane velocity component and considering the symmetrical features of the flow generated by the static mixers. The raw results show that the velocity vectors, measured on a cross section perpendicular to the tube axis by 2D-PIV with the camera located at 24° from the measurement plane, are affected by the axial component of the flow. However, taking into account the symmetry of the flow field with respect to the tubular reactor axis and evaluating the effect of the out of plane velocity component, the correct 2D velocity vectors on the plane and also the velocity component in the axial direction can be calculated from the raw 2D PIV data. The consistency of the methodology is demonstrated by comparison of the results with the flow field measured in a smaller tubular reactor of similar geometry and Reynolds number with a symmetrical 2D-PIV system, with the camera located perpendicularly to the laser plane. Then, the 3D features of the flow are analyzed to characterize the effects of the different combinations of static mixer configurations on the fluid dynamics of the system in turbulent conditions. The results show that, as the pressure drop increases, a more uniform velocity distribution is achieved.
Dietary choline activates brown fat to reduce adiposity and cholesterol in APOE*3-Leiden.CETP mice
Authors: Liu Cong , Song Zikuan , Li Zhuang , Boon Mariëtte , Schönke Milena , Rensen Patrick , Wang Yanan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Objectives
Studies in mice have recently linked increased dietary choline consumption to increased incidence of obesity-related metabolic diseases, while several clinical trials have reported an anti-obesity effect of high dietary choline intake. Since the underlying mechanisms by which choline affects obesity are incompletely understood, the aim of the present study was to investigate the role of dietary choline supplementation in adiposity.
Methods
Female APOE*3-Leiden.CETP mice, a well-established model for human-like lipoprotein metabolism and cardiometabolic diseases, were fed a Western-type diet supplemented with or without choline (1.2%, w/w) for up to 16 weeks.
Results
Choline reduced body fat mass gain, prevented adipocyte enlargement, and attenuated adipose tissue inflammation. Besides, choline ameliorated liver steatosis which was associated with an upregulation of hepatic genes involved in fatty acid oxidation. Moreover, choline reduced plasma cholesterol, as explained by a reduction of plasma non-HDL-cholesterol. Mechanistically, choline reduced hepatic VLDL-cholesterol secretion and activated brown adipose tissue (BAT), thereby enhancing the selective uptake of fatty acids from triglyceride-rich lipoprotein (TRL)-like particles into BAT, consequently accelerating the clearance of the cholesterol-enriched TRL remnants by the liver.
Conclusions
In APOE*3-Leiden.CETP mice, dietary choline reduces body fat by activating BAT, resulting in accelerated TRL turnover to improve hypercholesterolemia. These data provide a mechanistic basis for the observation in human intervention trials that high choline intake is linked with reduced body weight.
Co-creation and self-evaluation of informal social accountability mechanism process in water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) services delivery in childcare centres in Nairobi’s informal settlements
Authors: Chumo Ivy , Kabaria Caroline , Elsey Helen , Ozano Kim , Phillips-Howard Penelope A , Mberu Blessing 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Background
Accountability strategies are expected to enhance access to water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) service delivery in low-and middle-income countries (LMIC). Conventional formal social accountability mechanisms (SAMs) for WASH service delivery have been inadequate to meet the needs of residents in informal settlements in LMICs. This has prompted growing interest in alternative informal SAMs (iSAMs) in Nairobi’s informal settlements. To date, iSAMs have shown a limited effect, often due to implementation failures and poor contextual fit. In childcare centres in Nairobi’s informal settlements, the co-creation of iSAMs process, where parents, childcare managers, researchers and other WASH stakeholders, contribute to the design and implementation of iSAMs, is an approach with the potential to meet the needs. However, few studies have documented (a) co-creating iSAMs processes for WASH service delivery in childcare centres and (b) self-evaluation of the co-creation process.
Methods
We used a qualitative approaches where we collected data through workshops and focus group discussions to document and inform a) co-creation processes of SAMs for WASH service delivery in childcare centres and (b) self-evaluation of the co-creation process. We used content analysis for our data analysis.
Results
Study participants co-created an iSAM process that entailed: definition; action and sharing information; judging and assessing; and learning and adapting iSAMs. The four steps were designed to increase the capability to meet WASH needs in childcare centres. We also documented a self-evaluation appraisal of the iSAM process. Study participants described that the co-creation process could improve understanding, inclusion, ownership and performance in WASH service delivery. Negative appraisals described included financial, structural, social and time constraints.
Conclusion
We conclude that the co-creation process could address contextual barriers which are often overlooked, as it allows understanding of issues through the ‘eyes’ of people who experience service delivery issues. Further, we conclude that sustainable and equitable WASH service delivery in childcare centres in informal settlements needs research that goes beyond raising awareness to fully engage and co-create to ensure that novel solutions are developed at an appropriate scale to meet specific needs. We recommend that actors should integrate co-created iSAMs process in already existing structures for WASH service delivery in childcare centres and other contexts.
The Improved Bioactive n-HA/PA66 Cage Versus the PEEK Cage in Anterior Cervical Fusion: Results from a 6-year Follow-up and a Case-matched Study
Authors: Deng Zhipeng , Hu Bowen , Yang Xi , Wang Lei , Song Yueming 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
The nanohydroxyapatite/polyamide 66 (n-HA/PA66) cage, a bioactive nonmetal cage, is fabricated in a hollow cylindrical shape and has been widely used for decades with good clinical outcomes for anterior cervical fusion. However, there remain some radiological complications, such as a slightly high subsidence rate. To improve the clinical outcomes, the improved n-HA/PA66 cage now has a better biomechanical shape that is similar to that of the PEEK cage. However, there have been no long-term comparisons of these two cages in anterior cervical reconstruction.
Methods
Fifty-eight patients who underwent single-level anterior cervical decompression and fusion (ACDF) with the improved n-HA/PA66 cage were matched with patients with the PEEK cage by clinical presentation, segment, age and sex. All patients underwent a minimum of six years of follow-up. The radiographic parameters (cage subsidence, fusion status, cervical lordosis, and segmental sagittal alignment) and clinical parameters (10-point visual analogue scale, Neck Disability Index and Japanese Orthopedic Association scores) from patients were evaluated before surgery, immediately after surgery, and at the latest follow-up.
Results
The n-HA/PA66 and PEEK groups were well matched in terms of clinical presentation, segment, age, and sex at surgery. The improved n-HA/PA66 and PEEK cages had similar fusion rates at 6 months postoperatively (n-HA/PA66: 58.6% vs. PEEK: 51.7%, P = 0.455) and at the last follow-up (n-HA/PA66: 96.6% vs. PEEK: 93.1%, P = 0.402). The respective cage subsidence rates in the n-HA/PA66 and PEEK groups were 6.9% and 12.1% (P = 0.342). The correction of SA was similar between the groups at the final follow-up (n-HA/PA66: 4.29 ± 1.99 vs. PEEK: 3.99 ± 2.59 P = 0.464). There were no significant differences between the two groups in mean cervical lordosis, visual analogue scale scores of the neck and arm, NDI scores, JOA scores or patients' overall satisfaction at the final follow-up.
Conclusion
After single-level ACDF, the improved n-HA/PA66 cage had similar excellent results in both radiological and clinical outcomes compared with the PEEK cage over 6 years of follow-up. According to these results, the n-HA/PA66 cage and the PEEK cage could be comparable for ACDF.
Feeling discriminated means poor self-perceived health: a gender analysis using SHARE
Authors: Pinillos-Franco Sara , Cantarero-Prieto David , Lera Javier 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Most part of the literature has highlighted the detrimental effects of discrimination on health. However, the influence of past and perceived discrimination on older workers’ self-assessed health has been understudied. We aim to study whether reported discrimination is associated with self-assessed health among adults of working ages (50–65 years of age). Data was retrieved from the seventh wave of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) to obtain the regular panel of questions, and the third and seventh waves of the SHARELIFE questionnaire, that includes information about discrimination (n = 30,019). We first used Latent Class Analysis (LCA) to detect groups of individuals in our sample and afterward, we used logistic regression models to determine the impact of discrimination on male and female workers’ health separately. The results show that 49.0% of our sample was composed of highly discriminated women, while the remaining percentage covered men and women (42.3% males and 8.7% females) that reported lower levels of discrimination. Our estimations reveal a significant association between discrimination and poor health status, especially in the case of men ranging from OR = 1.807 (95% CI 1.497–2.182) to OR = 1.619 (95% CI 1.356–1.933). In the case of women our results range from OR = 1.729 (95% CI 1.456–2.055) to OR = 1.197 (95% CI 0.981–1.462). These findings are essential to highlight the importance of tackling discrimination as a determinant of health that negatively affects both sexes, men and women.
JEL Classification I14; D63; J14
Postoperative patient-reported outcomes after revision total knee arthroplasty: Propensity- score-matched comparison with primary total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Ishizu Kenya , Hamai Satoshi , Tsushima Hidetoshi , Harada Tetsunari , Harada Satoru , Kameyama Midori , Kawahara Shinya , Akasaki Yukio , Nakashima Yasuharu 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Background: Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is being increasingly performed owing to its favorable long-term survival rate; consequently, the rate of revision TKA has also increased. There are few reports on patient-reported outcomes following revision TKA compared with matched cohorts following primary TKA.
Methods: Using propensity-score matching based on age at the time of the survey, sex, and primary disease, a 1:2 matched cohort was used to compare the Knee Society Score (KSS)-2011, joint perception, EuroQol 5-Dimension (EQ-5D) score, and surgical satisfaction between patients who underwent primary and revision TKA.
Results: Twenty patients (20 knees) who underwent revision TKA were matched with 40 patients (40 knees) who underwent primary TKA. The KSS-2011 total score, joint perception, and EQ-5D scores were significantly lower following revision TKA (approximately 74%, 79%, and 79%, respectively) than those following primary TKA. The expectation category of KSS-2011 and surgical satisfaction were not significantly different between the groups. Infection and rotating-hinge knee were significant factors of lower KSS-2011 scores following revision TKA.
Conclusions: Compared with primary TKA, although knee joint function and quality of life may decrease, especially due to infection and the need for rotating hinge knee, the fulfillment of expectations and surgical satisfaction can be achieved even after revision TKA.
Icaritin inhibits neuroinflammation by regulating microglial polarization through GPER-ERK-NF-κB signaling pathway in cerebral ischemic rat
Authors: Yu Zining , Su Guangjun , Zhang Limei , Liu Gaigai , Zhou Yonggang , Fang Shicai , Zhang Qian , Wang Tianyun , Huang Cheng , Huang Zhihua , li Liangdong 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Activated microglia play a key role in initiating the inflammatory cascade following ischemic stroke and exert proinflammatory or anti-inflammatory effects depending on whether they are polarized toward the M1 or M2 phenotype. The present study investigated the regulatory effect of Icaritin (ICT) on microglial polarization in rats after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury (CI/RI) and explored the possible anti-inflammatory mechanisms of ICT.
Methods
A rat model of transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) was established. Following treatment with ICT, a G protein coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) inhibitor or an extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK) inhibitor, the Garcia scale and rotarod test were used to assess neurological and locomotor function. 2,3,5-Triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) and Fluoro-Jade C (FJC) staining were used to evaluate the infarct volume and neuronal death. The levels of inflammatory factors in the ischemic penumbra were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In addition, Western blotting, immunofluorescence and quantitative PCR (qPCR) were used to measure the expression levels of markers of different microglial phenotypes and proteins related to the GPER-ERK-NF-κB signaling pathway.
Results
We found that ICT treatment significantly decreased the cerebral infarct volume, brain water content and fluorescence intensity of FJC; improved the Garcia score; increased the latency to fall and rotation speed in the rotarod test; inhibited the expression of IL-1β, TNF-α, Iba1, CD40, CD68 and p-P65-NF-κB; and increased the levels of CD206 and p-ERK. U0126 (an inhibitor of ERK) and G15 (a selective antagonist of GPER) antagonized these effects.
Conclusions
These findings indicate that ICT plays roles in inhibiting the inflammatory response and achieving neuroprotection by regulating GPER-ERK-NF-κB signaling and then inhibits microglial activation and M1 polarization while promoting M2 polarization, which provides new therapeutic strategy against cerebral ischemia stroke.
Identification of essential genes and immune cell infiltration in rheumatoid arthritis by bioinformatics analysis
Authors: Ao You , Wang Zhongbo , Hu Jinghua , Yao Mingguang , Zhang Wei 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a common autoimmune disease that can lead to severe joint damage and disability. And early diagnosis and treatment of RA can avert or substantially slow the progression of joint damage in up to 90% of patients, thereby preventing irreversible disability. Previous research indicated that 50% of the risk for the development of RA is attributable to genetic factors, but the pathogenesis is not well understood. Thus, it is urgent to identify biomarkers to arrest RA before joints are damaged irreversibly. Here, we first use the Robust Rank Aggregation method (RRA) to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between RA and normal samples by integrating four public RA patients’ mRNA expression data. Subsequently, these DEGs were used as the input for the weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) approach to identify RA-related modules. The function enrichment analysis suggested that the RA-related modules were significantly enriched in immune-related actions. Then the hub genes were defined as the candidate genes. Our analysis showed that the expression levels of candidate genes were significantly associated with the RA immune microenvironment and can use as predictors for RA. We hope that our method can provide a more convenient approach for RA early diagnosis.
Purna River Pirated by a Lineament and Converted its old Path into Paleo-channel
Authors: Siyol Laxman , ROJH BHURA , Jakhar S.R. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
A paleochannel of the Purna River basins in the basaltic terrain in the proximity of the village- Daher, and Uga, in Subir Taluka, in the Dang district of Gujarat was discovered by the first author. The discovery of paleochannel is based on a study of satellite imagery, the presence of perennial water springs, and the presence of dense trees with green leaves during summer close to the Purna River. With the help of satellite imagery and ground check, a lineament was discovered near the Purna River paleochannel, which was later renamed as village Girmal- Pipalpada lineament, after the village in which it was found. The total length of this lineament is approximately 22 km and the Purna River flows through this lineament for about 1.4 km, the Purna River is pirated by this lineament. Due to this piracy of the Purna River, its crescent-shaped old path with the passage of time was converted into a paleochannel. The paleo course of the river is clearly visible in the satellite imagery. This paleo river channel is a good site for sustainable groundwater sources. Presently two open wells are dug in this paleochannel supplying water to four villages. Surprisingly, there is very less depletion of pumping water level (PWL) in the well because of the continuous charging of open wells by this paleochannel.
Analysis of Customer behaviour in Online Retail Market
Authors: Mohandass Srinivasan , M Senthil 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
A shift towards digital world made the trading simpler and virtual. Times have changed where people purchase the commodities through online platform irrespective of its size or value. Online Retail Platform is becoming a generational acceptance because of its ingredients: Ample of choices, product exploration, Privacy and Time Saving. Owing to these benefits, people opt for the online shopping inevitably, avoiding the traditional method that demands physical effort, resource and valuable time. This research is to study and analyze on the customer behavior in Online Retail Market. The paper focuses on three unique elements that influences customer behavior towards online platform. The first element is ‘standard of service’ which in-turn contains four divisions like: Website Interface, Client relations, Safety with Secrecy, and Satisfaction. The second is Purchase feedback on the Vendor and the Product. The third element is Product Cost with availability that impacts customer’s behavior towards online shopping. This research was carried out by an ‘Opinion poll method’ conducted to 210 answerers among the graduates. The data gathered has been examined logically using multiple applications like Microsoft Excel and Statistical Package for Social Sciences. The Study observes that two elements: Product Cost and Service standard have a crucial effect on the customer’s behavior while purchasing via Online Retail Market. It is inferred from our research that Flipkart is chosen to be the favorite gateway by the customers.
Photon extraction enhancement of praseodymium ions in gallium nitride nanopillars
Authors: Sato Shin-ichiro , Li Shuo , Greentree Andrew , Deki Manato , Nishimura Tomoaki , Watanabe Hirotaka , Nitta Shugo , Honda Yoshio , Amano Hiroshi , Gibson Brant , Ohshima Takeshi 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Lanthanoid-doped Gallium Nitride (GaN) integrated into nanophotonic technologies is a promising candidate for room-temperature quantum photon sources for quantum technology applications. We manufactured praseodymium (Pr)-doped GaN nanopillars of varying size, and showed significantly enhanced room-temperature photon extraction efficiency compared to unstructured Pr-doped GaN. Implanted Pr ions in GaN show two main emission peaks at 650.3 nm and 651.8 nm which are attributed to 3P0-3F2 transition in the 4f-shell. The maximum observed enhancement ratio was 23.5 for 200 nm diameter circular pillars, which can be divided into the emitted photon extraction enhancement by a factor of 4.5 and the photon collection enhancement by a factor of 5.2. The enhancement mechanism is explained by the eigenmode resonance inside the nanopillar. Our study provides a pathway for Lanthanoid-doped GaN nano/micro-scale photon emitters and quantum technology applications.
A Semi-automatic 3D mesh segmentation based on Cross-Boundary strokes
Authors: Lian Jiguang , Li Haisheng , Wu Xiaoqun , Wang Xiaochuan , Li Nan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We propose a semi-automatic 3D mesh model segmentation algorithm based on harmonic field. Firstly, our algorithm ultilizes the strokes of users as constraints on the harmonic field of the mesh surface. Secondly, A Laplace operator and Poisson equation based smooth harmonic field is introduced, and the generated harmonic field is made to further fit the geometric features of the mesh itself by choosing the correct weight values. A set of isolines are sought on the mesh surface harmonic field with the previous-mentioned constraints. The most appropriate isoline is selected from them as the segmentation path. Finally, after selecting the optimal segmentation isolines, a mesh density enhancement method, which optimizes sub-graphs after this segmentation by mesh density enhancement, is introduced. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed segmentation method. Moreover, the semi-automatic mesh segmentation method can better understand the intention of users, and achieve a better segmentation effect.