bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Associations among fatty food sensations and saliva’s emulsifying properties
Authors: Huang Li-Chu , Running Cordelia A 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Individuals vary in saliva composition, which could in turn influence variability of oral sensations. This study was designed to investigate associations among saliva’s ability to emulsify an oil/water mixture, fatty sensations, and diet. Participants (N = 62) gave sensory ratings for a white chocolate substitute with 0, 0.1, and 1% added linoleic acid. Discrimination sorting tasks were performed using the chocolate substitute with/without linoleic acid and with high/low-fat salad dressing. Participants swished and expectorated an oil/water mixture, and the size of the emulsified layer of this spat-out sample was measured. This novel technique was used to estimate the emulsifying ability of saliva, as oral swishing caused the fat to disperse into the water, stabilized by saliva. Estimated macronutrient intake was assessed by 3-day dietary recalls. Results indicate that people who correctly sorted the chocolate substitute with/without linoleic acid had saliva that better emulsified the oil/water mixture and rated the 1% linoleic acid sample as fattier. Those who incorrectly sorted the chocolate samples rated the 1% linoleic acid sample as more bitter. The same pattern for fattiness and bitterness of 1% linoleic acid samples was observed for those who correctly/incorrectly sorted the high/low-fat salad dressings. Regarding dietary data, the only observed relationship was higher dietary protein intake associated with less saliva emulsion stability over time. Overall, the results indicate relationships among how saliva influences dispersions of fat and fatty sensations, but the role of diet should be reexamined with larger and more tightly controlled groups.
The VirF21:VirF30 protein ratio is affected by temperature and impacts Shigella flexneri host cell invasion
Authors: Skovajsová Eva , Colonna Bianca , Prosseda Gianni , Sellin Mikael E , Di Martino Maria Letizia 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Shigella spp, the etiological agents of bacillary dysentery in humans, have evolved an intricate regulatory strategy to ensure fine-tuned expression of virulence genes in response to environmental stimuli. A key component in this regulation is VirF, an AraC-like transcription factor, which at the host temperature (37°C) triggers, directly or indirectly, the expression of &gt; 30 virulence genes important for invasion of the intestinal epithelium. Previous work identified two different forms of VirF with distinct functions: VirF30 activates virulence gene expression, while VirF21 appears to negatively regulate virF itself. Moreover, VirF21 originates from either differential translation of the virF mRNA or from a shorter leaderless mRNA (llmRNA). Here we report that both expression of the virF21 llmRNA and the VirF21:VirF30 protein ratio are higher at 30°C than at 37°C, suggesting a possible involvement of VirF21 in minimizing virulence gene expression outside the host (30°C). Ectopic elevation of VirF21 levels at 37°C indeed suppresses Shigella´s ability to infect epithelial cells. Finally, we find that the VirF21 C-terminal portion, predicted to contain a Helix-Turn-Helix motif (HTH2), is required for the functionality of this negative virulence regulator.
Convergent pathways of the gut microbiota–brain axis and neurodegenerative disorders
Authors: Gubert Carolina , Gasparotto Juciano , H. Morais Livia 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Recent research has been uncovering the role of the gut microbiota for brain health and disease. These studies highlight the role of gut microbiota on regulating brain function and behavior through immune, metabolic, and neuronal pathways. In this review we provide an overview of the gut microbiota axis pathways to lay the groundwork for upcoming sessions on the links between the gut microbiota and neurogenerative disorders. We also discuss how the gut microbiota may act as an intermediate factor between the host and the environment to mediate disease onset and neuropathology. Based on the current literature, we further examine the potential for different microbiota-based therapeutic strategies to prevent, to modify, or to halt the progress of neurodegeneration.
Exome risk score for predicting susceptibility to and severity of isolated thoracic aortic aneurysm
Authors: Li Yang , Song Li , Rong Wei , Zhang Yuanwei , Yao Xiaoming , Fang Xiaodong , Li Yulin , Du Jie 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Isolated thoracic aortic aneurysms (TAAs) are asymptomatic before dissection or rupture and heterogeneous in clinical phenotype. It is urgent need but difficult to identify individuals at high risk to enable enhanced screening or preventive therapies. Because TAAs have a genetic component, one possible approach is to stratify individuals based on inherited DNA variations. Here, we constructed an integrated exome risk score (ERS) based on both common and rare variants found in whole-exome sequencing through a machine-learning framework in discovery population consisting of 551 cases and 1071 controls. We evaluated the performance of the ERS in an independent population including 151 cases and 779 controls with a raw odds ratio (OR) per 1 standard deviation (SD) = 1.95 and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) = 0.680. When adjusted by gender and the first four principal components, OR per SD = 1.68 and AUC reached 0.783. Individuals in the top 20% of ERS distribution had an OR of 3.20 compared with others. Finally, we found that individuals with top 20% ERS developed TAA at a younger age (P = 0.002) and with a larger diameter (P = 0.016) compared with lower ERS, and were more likely to suffer from aortic root aneurysms (P = 0.009). Our analysis provides a global view of the genetic components of isolated TAA. The exome score developed and evaluated here is the first polygenic risk score for TAA and is a promising predictor of disease risk and severity, which will facilitate the implementation of the risk-reduction strategies.
Basic and applied research collaboration trends in the pharmaceutical industry
Authors: Vandaie Ramin 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Firms in science-driven industries have traditionally devoted significant resources to basic scientific research. The intensity and outcomes of such investments, however, have changed over time. In this paper, we explore the trends in pharmaceutical companies’ scientific research over a two-decade period between 1990 and 2009. The results of our analyses reveal that the scientific output of large pharmaceutical companies as measured by the publications of company scientists has significantly increased over time. We also find that company scientists’ collaboration with external scientists has increased over time and across the board regardless of company size. Finally, we observe a decline in research and development alliance activities of pharmaceutical companies with the effect being weaker for large firms.
Antibody Duration After Infection From SARS-CoV-2 in the Texas Coronavirus Antibody Response Survey
Authors: Swartz Michael D , DeSantis Stacia M , Yaseen Ashraf , Brito Frances A , Valerio-Shewmaker Melissa A , Messiah Sarah E , Leon-Novelo Luis G , Kohl Harold W , Pinzon-Gomez Cesar L , Hao Tianyao , Zhang Shiming , Talebi Yashar , Yoo Joy , Ross Jessica R , Gonzalez Michael O , Wu Leqing , Kelder Steven H , Silberman Mark , Tuzo Samantha , Pont Stephen J , Shuford Jennifer A , Lakey David , Boerwinkle Eric 
Published: May 2022

AbstractUnderstanding the duration of antibodies to the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus that causes COVID-19 is important to controlling the current pandemic. Participants from the Texas Coronavirus Antibody Response Survey (Texas CARES) with at least 1 nucleocapsid protein antibody test were selected for a longitudinal analysis of antibody duration. A linear mixed model was fit to data from participants (n = 4553) with 1 to 3 antibody tests over 11 months (1 October 2020 to 16 September 2021), and models fit showed that expected antibody response after COVID-19 infection robustly increases for 100 days postinfection, and predicts individuals may remain antibody positive from natural infection beyond 500 days depending on age, body mass index, smoking or vaping use, and disease severity (hospitalized or not; symptomatic or not).
Toward Inclusive Digital Mobility Services: a Population Perspective
Authors: Goodman-Deane Joy , Kluge Jakob , Roca Bosch Elisabet , Nesterova Nina , Bradley Mike , Waller Sam , Hoeke Lisette , Clarkson P John 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Digital mobility services have great potential to increase passengers’ transportation options, improve their experiences and reduce exclusion. However, these advantages are only available to those who can access and use these services effectively. To facilitate the development of inclusive services, information is needed on the range of potential users’ technology access, use, attitudes and capabilities. A population-representative survey examining these characteristics was carried out with 1010 participants in Germany in 2020. The results are examined for groups and intersections of groups identified in previous work as particularly vulnerable to either digital or mobility exclusion. Older people, people with disabilities and people with low education levels had particularly low levels of all technology variables. Caution is thus required when rolling out digital mobility services. Non-digital alternatives are needed to ensure an inclusive service and any digital interfaces need to be designed carefully to be usable by and reassuring to digital novices.
The Secret Life of Energy in Refugee Camps: Invisible Objects, Technologies, and Energy Systems in Humanitarianism
Authors: Rosenberg-Jansen Sarah 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWithin humanitarian systems and refugee spaces, energy technologies are often invisible and unrecognized. Beyond basic UN and emergency interventions to supply solar lanterns, lie vibrant systems of connection underpinning refugee electricity and cooking access: a world of energy needs and provision exist within refugee camps in East Africa. The article frames energy within forced migration debates on technology: contributing to the social anthropology and migration studies literature by exploring the material culture of energy in humanitarian contexts. The article argues that some forms of energy are highly visible—for example, solar lanterns and cookstoves—while others remain invisible. Certain objects are in danger of becoming fetishized by the humanitarian system while others are neglected and ignored. Analysis for this article reveals the invisibility of energy as a marginalized topic, highlights the methodological challenges of revealing the energy needs of displaced people, and explores institutional ignorance on the importance of energy.
Post malaria acute motor axonal neuropathy
Authors: Zayet Souheil , Klopfenstein Timothée , Quadrio Isabelle , Clerc Mélitine , Vossah Eklu , Gendrin Vincent , Hagenkötter Beate 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
We report herein the first case of acute motor axonal neuropathy syndrome after severe Plasmodium falciparum malaria in a traveller, diagnosed through neurophysiological findings and high level of neurofilaments light chain in cerebrospinal fluid analysis, with negative testing for anti-ganglioside antibodies.
On infinitary Gödel logics
Authors: Pischke Nicholas 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWe study propositional and first-order Gödel logics over infinitary languages, which are motivated semantically by corresponding interpretations into the unit interval $[0,1]$. We provide infinitary Hilbert-style calculi for the particular (propositional and first-order) cases with con-/disjunctions of countable length and prove corresponding completeness theorems by extending the usual Lindenbaum–Tarski construction to the infinitary case for a respective algebraic semantics via complete linear Heyting algebras. We provide infinitary hypersequent calculi and prove corresponding cut-elimination theorems in the Schütte–Tait style. Initial observations are made regarding truth-value sets other than $[0,1]$.
Improving the solar wind density model used in processing of spacecraft ranging observations
Authors: Aksim Dan , Pavlov Dmitry 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
Solar wind plasma as a cause of radio signal delay plays an important role in solar and planetary science. Early experiments studying the distribution of electrons near the Sun from spacecraft ranging measurements were designed so that the radio signal was passing close to the Sun. At present, processing of spacecraft tracking observations serves a different goal: precise (at metre level) determination of orbits of planets, most importantly Mars. The solar wind adds a time-varying delay to those observations, which is, in this case, unwanted and must be subtracted prior to putting the data into the planetary solution. Present planetary ephemerides calculate the delay assuming a symmetric stationary power-law model for the solar wind density. The present work, based on a custom variant of the EPM lunar–planetary ephemeris, questions the accuracy and correctness of that assumption and examines alternative models based on in situ solar wind density data provided by OMNI and on the ENLIL numerical model of the solar wind.
Mathematical encoding within multiresonant planetary systems as SETI beacons
Authors: Clement Matthew S , Raymond Sean N , Veras Dimitri , Kipping David 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
How might an advanced alien civilization manipulate the orbits within a planetary system to create a durable signpost that communicates its existence? While it is still debated whether such a purposeful advertisement would be prudent and wise, we propose that mean-motion resonances between neighbouring planets – with orbital periods that form integer ratios – could in principle be used to encode simple sequences that one would not expect to form in nature. In this letter, we build four multiresonant planetary systems and test their long-term orbital stability. The four systems each contain six or seven planets and consist of (i) consecutive integers from 1 to 6; (ii) prime numbers from 2 to 11; (iii) the Fibonacci sequence from 1 to 13; and (iv) the Lazy Caterer sequence from 1 to 16. We built each system using N-body simulations with artificial migration forces. We evaluated the stability of each system over the full 10 Gyr integration of the Sun’s main-sequence phase. We then tested the stability of these systems for an additional 10 Gyr, during and after post-main-sequence evolution of the central stars (assumed to be Sun-like) to their final, white dwarf phase. The only system that was destabilized was the consecutive integer sequence (system i). The other three sequences therefore represent potential Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI) beacons.
The outer orbit of the high-mass stellar triple system Herschel 36 determined with the VLTI
Authors: Sanchez-Bermudez J , Hummel C A , Díaz-López J , Alberdi A , Schödel R , Arias J I , Barbá R H , Bastida-Escamilla E , Brandner W , Maíz Apellániz J , Pott J-U 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
Multiplicity is a ubiquitous characteristic of massive stars. Multiple systems offer us a unique observational constraint on the formation of high-mass systems. Herschel 36 A is a massive triple system composed of a close binary (Ab1-Ab2) and an outer component (Aa). We measured the orbital motion of the outer component of Herschel 36 A using infrared interferometry with the AMBER and PIONIER instruments of ESO’s Very Large Telescope Interferometer. Our immediate aims are to constrain the masses of all components of this system and to determine if the outer orbit is co-planar with the inner one. Reported spectroscopic data for all two components of this system and our interferometric data allow us to derive full orbital solutions for the outer orbit Aa-Ab and the inner orbit Ab1-Ab2. For the first time, we derive the absolute masses of mAa = 22.3 ± 1.7, mAb1 = 20.5 ± 1.5, and mAb2 = 12.5 ± 0.9 M⊙. Despite not being able to resolve the close binary components, we infer the inclination of their orbit by imposing the same parallax as the outer orbit. Inclinations derived from the inner and outer orbits imply a modest difference of about 22° between the orbital planes. We discuss this result and the formation of Herschel 36 A in the context of Core Accretion and Competitive Accretion models, which make different predictions regarding the statistic of the relative orbital inclinations.
Results from The COPAINS Pilot Survey: Four new brown dwarfs and a high companion detection rate for accelerating stars
Authors: Bonavita M , Fontanive C , Gratton R , Mužić K , Desidera S , Mesa D , Biller B , Scholz A , Sozzetti A , Squicciarini V 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The last decade of direct imaging (DI) searches for sub-stellar companions has uncovered a widely diverse sample that challenges the current formation models, while highlighting the intrinsically low occurrence rate of wide companions, especially at the lower end of the mass distribution. These results clearly show how blind surveys, crucial to constrain the underlying planet and sub-stellar companion population, are not an efficient way to increase the sample of DI companions. It is therefore becoming clear that efficient target selection methods are essential to ensure a larger number of detections. We present the results of the COPAINS Survey conducted with SPHERE/VLT, searching for sub-stellar companions to stars showing significant proper motion differences (Δμ) between different astrometric catalogues. We observed twenty-five stars and detected ten companions, including four new brown dwarfs: HIP 21152 B, HIP 29724 B, HD 60584 B and HIP 63734 B. Our results clearly demonstrates how astrometric signatures, in the past only giving access to stellar companions, can now thanks to Gaia reveal companions well in the sub-stellar regime. We also introduce FORECAST (Finley Optimised REtrieval of Companions of Accelerating STars), a tool which allows to check the agreement between position and mass of the detected companions with the measured Δμ. Given the agreement between the values of the masses of the new sub-stellar companions from the photometry with the model-independent ones obtained with FORECAST, the results of COPAINS represent a significant increase of the number of potential benchmarks for brown dwarf and planet formation and evolution theories.
The MaNGA firefly Value-Added-Catalogue: resolved stellar populations of 10,010 nearby galaxies
Authors: Neumann Justus , Thomas Daniel , Maraston Claudia , Hill Lewis , Nanni Lorenza , Wenman Oliver , Lian Jianhui , Comparat Johan , Gonzalez-Perez Violeta , Westfall Kyle B , Yan Renbin , Chen Yanping , Stringfellow Guy S , Bershady Matthew A , Brownstein Joel R , Drory Niv , Schneider Donald P 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
We present the MaNGAfireflyValue-Added-Catalogue (VAC) – a catalogue of ∼3.7 million spatially resolved stellar population properties across 10,010 nearby galaxies from the final data release of the MaNGA survey. The full spectral fitting code firefly is employed to derive parameters such as stellar ages, metallicities, stellar and remnant masses, star formation histories, star formation rates and dust attenuation. In addition to Voronoi-binned measurements, our VAC also provides global properties, such as central values and radial gradients. Two variants of the VAC are available: presenting the results from fits using the M11-MILES and the novel MaStar stellar population models. MaStar allows to constrain the fit over the whole MaNGA wavelength range, extends the age-metallicity parameter space, and uses empirical spectra from the same instrument as MaNGA. The fits employing MaStar models find on average slightly younger ages, higher mass-weighted metallicities and smaller colour excesses. These differences are reduced when matching wavelength range and converging template grids. We further report that firefly stellar masses are systematically lower by ∼0.3 dex than masses from the MaNGA PCA and Pipe3D VACs, but match masses from the NSA best with only ∼0.1 dex difference. Finally, we show that firefly stellar ages correlate with spectral index age indicators HδA and Dn(4000), though with a clear additional metallicity dependence.
First measurement of the characteristic depletion radius of dark matter haloes from weak lensing
Authors: Fong Matthew , Han Jiaxin , Zhang Jun , Yang Xiaohu , Gao Hongyu , Wang Jiaqi , Li Hekun , Katsianis Antonios , Alonso Pedro 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT
We use weak lensing observations to make the first measurement of the characteristic depletion radius, one of the three radii that characterize the region where matter is being depleted by growing haloes. The lenses are taken from the halo catalogue produced by the extended halo-based group/cluster finder applied to DESI Legacy Imaging Surveys DR9, while the sources are extracted from the DECaLS DR8 imaging data with the fourier_quad pipeline. We study halo masses $12 \lt \log (M_{\rm grp} \,[{\rm M_{\odot }}\, h^{-1}]) \le 15.3$ within redshifts 0.2 ≤ z ≤ 0.3. The virial and splashback radii are also measured and used to test the original findings on the depletion region. When binning haloes by mass, we find consistency between most of our measurements and predictions from the cosmicgrowth simulation, with exceptions to the lowest mass bins. The characteristic depletion radius is found to be roughly 2.5 times the virial radius and 1.7–3 times the splashback radius, in line with an approximately universal outer density profile, and the average enclosed density within the characteristic depletion radius is found to be roughly 29 times the mean matter density of the Universe in our sample. When binning haloes by both mass and a proxy for halo concentration, we do not detect a significant variation of the depletion radius with concentration, on which the simulation prediction is also sensitive to the choice of concentration proxy. We also confirm that the measured splashback radius varies with concentration differently from simulation predictions.
Progressive chromatin silencing of ABA biosynthesis genes permits seed germination in Arabidopsis
Authors: Yang Deyue , Zhao Fengli , Zhu Danling , Chen Xi , Kong Xiangxiong , Wu Yufeng , Chen Min , Du Jiamu , Qu Li-Jia , Wu Zhe 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSeed germination represents a major developmental switch in plants that is vital to agriculture, but how this process is controlled at the chromatin level remains obscure. Here we demonstrate that successful germination in Arabidopsis thaliana requires a chromatin mechanism that progressively silences 9-CIS-EPOXYCAROTENOID DIOXYGENASE 6 (NCED6), which encodes a rate-limiting enzyme in abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthesis, through the cooperative action of the RNA-binding protein RZ-1 and the polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2). Simultaneous inactivation of RZ-1 and PRC2 blocked germination and synergistically derepressed NCEDs and hundreds of genes. At NCED6, in part by promoting H3 deacetylation and suppressing H3K4me3, RZ-1 facilitates transcriptional silencing and also an H3K27me3 accumulation process that occurs during seed germination and early seedling growth. Genome-wide analysis revealed that RZ-1 is preferentially required for transcriptional silencing of many PRC2 targets early during seed germination, when H3K27me3 is not yet established. We propose RZ-1 confers a novel silencing mechanism to compensate for and synergize with PRC2. Our work highlights the progressive chromatin silencing of ABA biosynthesis genes via the RNA-binding protein RZ-1 and PRC2 acting in synergy, a process that is vital for seed germination.