bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Whole genome sequencing reveals antimicrobial resistance determinants (AMR genes) of Salmonella enterica recovered from raw chicken and ready-to-eat leaves imported into England between 2014 and 2019
Authors: Davies Nicola , Jørgensen Frieda , Willis Caroline , McLauchlin Jim , Chattaway Marie Anne 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Aims
To compare the antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes in a genetically diverse group of Salmonella enterica recovered from foods imported into England between 2014 and 2018.

Methods and Results
Whole genome sequence was used to detect AMR genes or chromosomal mutations associated with AMR in Salmonella recovered from edible leaves imported from Asia (n = 115) as compared to Salmonella (n = 231) isolated from raw chicken, 74% originated from South America. Among isolates from edible leaves, three (3%) showed resistance to at least one antimicrobial agent, two (2%) of which were multidrug resistant (MDR, resistance to three or more antimicrobial classes). Resistance to at least one antimicrobial agent was detected in 214 (93%) in the chicken isolates, with 164 (71%) showing MDR. Genetic diversity and AMR profiles were highly heterogeneous across the different serovars.

Conclusions
Resistance was rare among the Salmonella isolates from edible leaves but common (including MDR) among those from raw chicken.

Significance and Impact of the Study
Surveillance of AMR in imported foods is essential for monitoring the risk of transmission of resistance from the food chain to humans and provides added public health value to pre-existing controls of the food chain.
Potentiality of actinobacteria to combat against biotic and abiotic stresses in tea [Camellia sinensis (L) O. Kuntze]
Authors: Borah Atlanta , Hazarika Shabiha Nudrat , Thakur Debajit 
Published: July 2022

AbstractTea (Camellia sinensis (L) O. Kuntze) is a long-duration monoculture crop prone to several biotic (fungal diseases and insect pest) and abiotic (nutrient deficiency, drought and salinity) stress that eventually result in extensive annual crop loss. The specific climatic conditions and the perennial nature of the tea crop favour growth limiting abiotic factors, numerous plant pathogenic fungi (PPF) and insect pests. The review focuses on the susceptibility of tea crops to PPF/pests, drought, salinity and nutrient constraints and the potential role of beneficial actinobacteria in promoting tea crop health. The review also focuses on some of the major PPF associated with tea, such as Exobasidium vexans, Pestalotiopsis theae, Colletotrichum acutatum, and pests (Helopeltis theivora). The phylum actinobacteria own a remarkable place in agriculture due to the biosynthesis of bioactive metabolites that assist plant growth by direct nutrient assimilation, phytohormone production, and by indirect aid in plant defence against PPF and pests. The chemical diversity and bioactive significance of actinobacterial metabolites (antibiotics, siderophore, volatile organic compounds, phytohormones) are valuable in the agro-economy. This review explores the recent history of investigations in the role of actinobacteria and its secondary metabolites as a biocontrol agent and proposes a commercial application in tea cultivation.
A rare occurrence of reversal in the four‐spotted megrim Lepidorhombus boscii (Risso 1810) (Pleuronectiformes: Scophthalmidae) in the central Adriatic Sea
Authors: Ugrin Nika , Šifner Svjetlana Krstulović 
Published: July 2022

AbstractOne reversal dextral (right‐sided) specimen occurred in the sample of 1070 individuals of four‐spotted megrim Lepidorhombus boscii caught in the central Adriatic Sea from July 2020 to June 2021. This is the first documented occurrence of reversal in this species in the Adriatic Sea. Besides reverse symmetry, the individual showed similar morphological and morphometric characteristics as non‐reversed individuals.
Association of dipeptidyl peptidase IV polymorphism with clinicopathological characters of oral cancer
Authors: Chen Ping‐Ju , Lu Hsueh‐Ju , Nassef Yasser , Lin Chiao‐Wen , Chuang Chun‐Yi , Lee Chia‐Yi , Chiu Yu‐Wei , Yang Shun‐Fa , Yang Wei‐En 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the associations between dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP4) single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and clinicopathological characteristics of oral cancer.MethodsFour loci of DPP4 SNPs (rs7608798 A/G, rs3788979 C/T, rs2268889 T/C, and rs6741949 G/C) were genotyped by using the TaqMan allelic discrimination in 1238 oral cancers patients and 1197 non‐cancer individuals.ResultsThe percentage of DPP4 SNP rs2268889 TC + CC was significantly higher in the oral cancer participants compared to the control group (odds ratio [OR]: 1.178, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.004–1.382, p = 0.045). Among 1676 smokers, DPP4 polymorphisms carriers with betel quid chewing were found to have an 8.785‐ to 10.903‐fold risk to have oral cancer compared to DPP4 wild‐type carriers without betel quid chewing. Similar trend was found in individuals with alcohol consumption. Moreover, the oral cancer individuals without cigarette smoking history with at least one varied C allele of DPP4 rs2268889 had a significantly higher percentage of large tumor size with the wild‐type TT homozygote (p = 0.011).ConclusionsThe DPP4 SNP may correlate to the development of oral cancer in those with cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption. Besides, the DPP4 SNP rs2268889 could relate to worse clinical course of oral cancer in non‐smokers.
Quality of life in Malaysian children with inflammatory bowel disease: An understudied population
Authors: Lee Gin W , Chew Kee S , Wong Sean Y , Chong Sze Y , Ong Sik Y , Lee Way S 
Published: July 2022

AimQuality of life (QoL) in children with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is often impaired by underlying disease. We evaluated factors affecting health‐related QoL (HRQoL) in Malaysian children with IBD.MethodsA cross‐sectional study using IMPACT‐III questionnaires evaluating HRQoL in children aged 8–17 years with duration of IBD of ≥6 months was conducted. IMPACT‐III, a validated instrument designed to measure HRQoL in children with IBD, was used. Higher IMPACT‐III (maximum = 100) score indicates better HRQoL. Impact of socio‐demographic and clinical factors of IBD on the HRQoL was evaluated. Paediatric Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) activity indices were used to classify disease severity.ResultsA total of 75 children (UC = 44, CD = 41; mean (SD) age at diagnosis 8.2 (3.5) years) were interviewed at mean age of 12.8 (2.7) years. Mean IMPACT‐III score was significantly lower in children with more severe disease (mild: 71.8 (13.6) vs. moderate: 65.5 (10.9) vs. severe: 46.3 (14.5); P < 0.001), history of hospitalisation (yes: 64.0 (14.0) vs. none: 74.1 (12.2), P = 0.034) and a higher number of admissions (r = −0.352, P = 0.041) in preceding 6 months. Diagnosis at a younger age (r = −0.31, P = 0.007) and a longer duration of disease (r = 0.286, P = 0.013) was associated with higher score. A higher weight‐for‐age (r = 0.261, P = 0.023) or body mass index‐for‐age z‐score (r = 0.235, P = 0.042) was correlated with a better body image domain score, respectively.ConclusionsIn Malaysian children with IBD, HRQoL was adversely affected by a more severe disease. Better control of disease activity and maintaining long‐term remission are important to improve the HRQoL in childhood IBD.
Molecular phylogenetics of subfamily Urgineoideae (Hyacinthaceae): Toward a coherent generic circumscription informed by molecular, morphological, and distributional data
Authors: Martínez‐Azorín Mario , Crespo Manuel B. , Alonso‐Vargas María Ángeles , Pinter Michael , Crouch Neil R. , Dold Anthony P. , Mucina Ladislav , Pfosser Martin , Wetschnig Wolfgang 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe taxonomy and systematics of Urgineoideae (Hyacinthaceae) have been controversial in recent decades, with contrasting taxonomic treatments proposed based on preliminary and partial studies that have focused on morphology and/or solely plastid DNA sequence data. Some authors have recognized only two genera, with a very broadly conceived Drimia, while others have accepted several genera that, although better defined morphologically, were doubtfully monophyletic. Here, we present phylogenetic analyses involving four plastid DNA regions (trnL intron, trnL‐F spacer, matK, and the trnCGCA‐ycf6 intergenic region), a nuclear region (Agt1), and a selection of 40 morphological characters. Our study covers 293 samples and ca. 160 species of Urgineoideae (ca. 80% of its global diversity). Bayesian inference, maximum likelihood, and maximum parsimony analyses were performed to derive the phylogenetic patterns. The combination of data yielded phylogenetic trees with 31 well‐defined clades or lineages, most corresponding to previously described genera, although some have required description or revised circumscription. As with other monocot families, a considerable degree of homoplasy was observed in morphological characters, especially in those groups with unspecialized flowers; nonetheless, consistent syndromes of traditional and novel characters are shown to support clade recognition at genus rank. The forthcoming revised classification of Urgineoideae is outlined here.
Association of sleep with mental health in Chinese high school students: a cross‐sectional study
Authors: Xue Benli , Xue Yaqing , Zheng Xiao , Shi Lei , Liang Pengyan , Dong Fang , Xiao Shujuan , Zhang Jiachi , Qin Zuguo , Xu Ying , Ou Weiyan , Zhang Chichen 
Published: July 2022

SummaryAdolescents’ sleep problems and their association with mental health is an important public health concern. This study aimed to investigate sleep and mental health status and the association of sleep with mental health in Chinese high school students. Data came from a cross‐sectional study in Guangdong province which included 42,077 high school students. Sleep quality and sleep duration were obtained through self‐report. The Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS‐21) was used to measure mental health. The association between sleep quality, sleep duration, and mental health was analysed using logistic regression. The prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms were 35.27%, 42.32%, and 21.87% in high school students, respectively. And only 17.71% and 34.41% of the high school students had very good sleep quality and ≥8 h sleep duration, respectively. Poorer sleep quality and shorter sleep duration were risk factors for mental health problems in high school students. Compared to high school students with very good sleep quality and ≥8 h sleep duration, the high school students with poor or very poor sleep quality and <6 h sleep duration had the highest risk of depression symptoms (odds ratio [OR] 5.02, 95% confidence interval [CI] 4.40–5.72), anxiety symptoms (OR 6.02, 95% CI5.25–6.89), and stress symptoms (OR 6.12, 95% CI5.30–7.06). Considering the combined association of sleep quality and sleep duration on mental health, it is important not only to ensure that high school students have sufficient sleep duration, but also to improve their sleep quality.
ACVIMconsensus statement on diagnosis and management of acute canine thoracolumbar intervertebral disc extrusion
Authors: Olby Natasha J. , Moore Sarah A. , Brisson Brigitte , Fenn Joe , Flegel Thomas , Kortz Gregg , Lewis Melissa , Tipold Andrea 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundThoracolumbar intervertebral disc extrusion (TL‐IVDE) is the most common cause of acute paraparesis and paraplegia in dogs; however, guidelines on management of the condition are lacking.ObjectivesTo summarize the current literature as it relates to diagnosis and management of acute TL‐IVDE in dogs, and to formulate clinically relevant evidence‐based recommendations.AnimalsNone.MethodsA panel of 8 experts was convened to assess and summarize evidence from the peer‐reviewed literature in order to develop consensus clinical recommendations. Level of evidence available to support each recommendation was assessed and reported.ResultsThe majority of available literature described observational studies. Most recommendations made by the panel were supported by a low or moderate level of evidence, and several areas of high need for further study were identified. These include better understanding of the ideal timing for surgical decompression, expected surgical vs medical outcomes for more mildly affected dogs, impact of durotomy on locomotor outcome and development of progressive myelomalacia, and refining of postoperative care, and genetic and preventative care studies.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceFuture efforts should build on current recommendations by conducting prospective studies and randomized controlled trials, where possible, to address identified gaps in knowledge and to develop cost effectiveness and number needed to treat studies supporting various aspects of diagnosis and treatment of TL‐IVDE.
Frozen in time: Rangewide genomic diversity, structure, and demographic history of relict American chestnut populations
Authors: Sandercock Alexander M. , Westbrook Jared W. , Zhang Qian , Johnson Hayley A. , Saielli Thomas M. , Scrivani John A. , Fitzsimmons Sara F. , Collins Kendra , Perkins Matthew Taylor , Craddock James Hill , Schmutz Jeremy , Grimwood Jane , Holliday Jason A. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAmerican chestnut (Castanea dentata) was once the most economically and ecologically important hardwood species in the eastern United States. In the first half of the 20th century, an exotic fungal pathogen—Cryphonectria parasitica—decimated the species, killing billions of chestnut trees. Two approaches to developing blight‐resistant American chestnut populations show promise, but both will require introduction of adaptive genomic diversity from wild germplasm to produce diverse, locally adapted restoration populations. Here we characterize population structure, demographic history, and genomic diversity in a range‐wide sample of 384 wild American chestnuts to inform conservation and breeding with blight‐resistant varieties. Population structure analyses suggest that the chestnut range can be roughly divided into northeast, central, and southwest populations. Within‐population genomic diversity estimates revealed a clinal pattern with the highest diversity in the southwest, which likely reflects bottleneck events associated with Quaternary glaciation. Finally, we identified genomic regions under positive selection within each population, which suggests that defence against fungal pathogens is a common target of selection across all populations. Taken together, these results show that American chestnut underwent a postglacial expansion from the southern portion of its range leading to three extant genetic populations. These populations will serve as management units for breeding adaptive genetic variation into the blight‐resistant tree populations for targeted reintroduction efforts.
Isolation and short‐term culturing of primary lymphatic endothelial cells from collecting lymphatics: A techniques study
Authors: Jablon Kelli L. , Akerstrom Victoria L. , Li Min , Braun Stephen E. , Norton Charles E. , Castorena‐Gonzalez Jorge A. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo develop an experimental method for routine isolation and short‐term culture of primary lymphatic endothelial cells from specific collecting vessels.MethodsLymphatic endothelial cell tubes (LECTs) were isolated from micro‐dissected collecting vessels. LECTs were allowed to attach and grow for ~3 weeks before being passaged. Non‐purified cultures were partially characterized by immunofluorescence and RT‐PCR at passages 1–2.ResultsThe method was validated in cultures of primary lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) from male and female mice. After 1 or 2 passages, >60% of the LECs maintained expression of Prox1. Expression of 22 different genes was assessed using RT‐PCR. Prox1, Vegfr3, eNos, Cdh5, Pecam1, Cx43, Cx37, and Cx47, among others, were expressed in these short‐term cultured LECs, while Myh11, Cnn1, Desmin, and Cd11b were not detected. Prox1 expression, as determined by western blotting, was similar in cultured LECs from age‐matched male and female mice. Confocal imaging of intracellular calcium in cultures of primary LECs from Cdh5‐GCaMP8 mice demonstrated that a functional phenotype was maintained, similar to lymphatic endothelial cells in freshly isolated vessels.ConclusionsThis method provides an innovative tool for routine isolation and study of primary LECs from specific collecting lymphatic vessels from any mouse, and in fact, from other species.
Architecture and Freedom in Cornelius Cardew's Octet ’61 for Jasper Johns
Authors: Cline David 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACTCornelius Cardew's Octet ’61 for Jasper Johns is ‘not necessarily for piano’, an epithet which gives advance warning of its eccentricity. With an adventurous presentation that encompasses radical forms of musical indeterminacy, it appears to exhibit all the hallmarks of the American Experimental tradition with which Cardew associated in the 1960s. Yet, layer upon layer of order exists below its seemingly unruly surface. Guided by a previously undocumented compositional plan, this article explores the carefully organised layout of Cardew's graphic imagery. A survey of the distribution of symbols reveals an elaborate infrastructure that exemplifies ideas inherited not from experimentalism, but rather the post‐war European avant‐garde, a discovery which problematises the distinction commonly drawn between the serial and experimental phases of Cardew's career. A concluding review of the more conventionally notated realisation embedded within his Three Winter Potatoes interrogates the unusual interplay between design in the parent work and the freedoms that it sanctions.
Extracellular malate induces stomatal closure via direct activation of guard‐cell anion channel SLAC1 and stimulation of Ca2+ signalling
Authors: Mimata Yoshiharu , Munemasa Shintaro , Nakamura Toshiyuki , Nakamura Yoshimasa , Murata Yoshiyuki 
Published: July 2022

Summary

Plants secrete malate from guard cells to apoplast under stress conditions and exogenous malate induces stomatal closure. Malate is considered an extracellular chemical signal of stomatal closure. However, the molecular mechanism of malate‐induced stomatal closure is not fully elucidated.

We investigated responses of stomatal aperture, ion channels, and cytosolic Ca2+ to malate.

A treatment with malate induced stomatal closure in Arabidopsis thaliana wild‐type plants, but not in the mutants deficient in the slow (S‐type) anion channel gene SLOW ANION CHANNEL‐ASSOCIATED 1 (SLAC1). The treatment with malate increased S‐type anion currents in guard‐cell protoplasts of wild‐type plants but not in the slac1 mutant. In addition, extracellular rather than intracellular application of malate increased the S‐type currents of constitutively active mutants of SLAC1, which have kinase‐independent activities, in a heterologous expression system using Xenopus oocytes. The treatment with malate transiently increased cytosolic Ca2+ concentration in the wild‐type Arabidopsis guard cells and the malate‐induced stomatal closure was inhibited by the Ca2+ channel blocker and the Ca2+ chelator.

These results indicate that extracellular malate directly activates SLAC1 and simultaneously stimulates Ca2+ signalling in guard cells, resulting in steady and solid activation of SLAC1 for stomatal closure.
Back off: Disapproval of romantic relationships predicts closeness to disapproving network members
Authors: Gillian Sarah R. , Holmberg Diane , Jenson Kay , Blair Karen L. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIs the perception that a social network member (SNM, i.e., friend or family member) disapproves of your romantic relationship associated with perceived changes in emotional closeness to that person? This question was investigated using an online survey (N = 703). Participants reported their current closeness to a disapproving SNM, and retrospectively rated closeness before the disapproval and at the height of disapproval. As predicted, perceiving disapproval was associated with a drop in recalled emotional closeness to the SNM, with stronger disapproval associated with a steeper drop. Closeness recovered somewhat after the point of strongest disapproval, but not nearly to its original level. Analyses on a smaller sample of matched dyads (N = 42) suggested this pattern was identical from the SNM's perspective. The recalled trajectory was moderated by SNM group (i.e., family/friend) and by relationship type (mixed‐sex/same‐sex, and age‐discrepant/similar‐age, but not mixed‐race/same‐race). We discuss implications for those in close relationships and their friends/family members.
The effectiveness of a diagnostic interview and modified one‐session treatment for dental anxiety in primary dental care—A pilot study
Authors: Kurki Pirjo , Korhonen Maija , Honkalampi Kirsi , Suominen Anna Liisa 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAimsTo investigate the effectiveness of a cognitive–behavioral intervention that included either a diagnostic interview (DI) or a DI combined with modified one‐session treatment (M‐OST) for dental anxiety among adults in a primary care setting.Methods and resultsNineteen participants were assigned to either a DI before conventional dental treatment (group T1) or DI and M‐OST (group T2). The severity of dental anxiety was measured with three self‐reported measures before and after the intervention: the Modified Dental Anxiety Scale (MDAS), the Index of Dental Anxiety and Fear (IDAF‐4C), and the Visual Analogue Scale‐Anxiety (VAS‐A). Dental care attendance was enquired in a 1‐year follow‐up. The scores for all three scales decreased among both study groups, with the largest decrease recorded in treatment group T1 assessed with the VAS‐A. A higher dental anxiety score measured before the intervention associated most significantly with a higher dental anxiety score after the intervention. At the 1‐year follow‐up, 82% of participants in T1 and 67% in T2 had visited a dentist.ConclusionA DI alone and combined with M‐OST is potentially effective in reducing dental anxiety and in supporting the engagement of adult patients with dental treatment in primary dental care.
Patterns of psychological pain and self‐harm behaviors in adolescents
Authors: Sun Fang , Li Huanhuan , Song Wei , Bao Jiamin , Zhen Ziang 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe study examined the role of campus stressors and psychological pain on non‐suicidal self‐injury (NSSI) and suicide attempt (SA).MethodsSpecific patterns of co‐occurring psychological pain, campus stressors, and self‐harm behaviors were identified by latent profile analysis, and their odds ratios (ORs) on NSSI and SA were analyzed in cross‐sectional study and 2‐year follow‐up study. Structural Equation Model was used to explore indirect effect of campus stressors on SA and NSSI via different components of psychological pain.ResultsThree classes were identified as low‐risk class (68.58%) with low endorsements on the three measures, moderate‐risk class (26.52%) with the elevated academic stressors, high levels of painful feelings, and high probabilities on NSSI; and high‐risk class (4.90%) with the elevated combined stressors, high levels of pain avoidance, and high probabilities on SA. Compared to the moderate‐risk class, adolescents in the high‐risk class had a 4.97 OR of reporting NSSI, 17.98 OR of reporting SA. Pain avoidance class at baseline reported a higher probability in SA class (OR = 224.00) in a 2‐year study.ConclusionsPainful feelings might be shared psychosocial correlates for NSSI and SA. However, pain avoidance may play a role in distinguishing SA from NSSI, which shed light on the intervention of adolescents who engage in self‐harm behaviors.