bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
LISSU: Continuous Monitoring of SOA Communication with Constraint-Based Validation
Authors: Theissen-Lipp Johannes , Kröger Moritz , Heinrichs Benedikt , Decker Stefan 
Published: May 2022

AbstractService-oriented architectures (SOA) are becoming more widespread in the context of Industry 4.0, and their interface descriptions enable modular and scalable communication systems. Since syntactic checks such as data types are solved nowadays, the purpose of this work is to add semantic validation based on the idea of Semantic Web Services. This paper proposesLightweight Semantic Web Services for Units(LISSU) and integrates promising concepts from the Semantic Web into SOA. We complement existing syntactic checks with semantic ones (e.g. for units), extend one-time initial checks with continuous monitoring, and include expressive constrain-based validations. LISSU can be integrated into any SOA and significantly increases the predictability of communications. Before components communicate, it checks their semantics via ontology URIs and automatically converts units if possible. Continuous monitoring at runtime extracts sent messages and guarantees flawless data quality via constraint-based validations. A real-world demonstrator setup in the manufacturing domain proves effectiveness and practicality. We present LISSU, which integrates concepts from the Semantic Web into SOA setups. It enables a wide range of semantic validations before and during communication, thereby increasing the quality and predictability of SOA communication.
Policies for Material Circularity: the Case of Lithium
Authors: Roa Diana , Rosendahl Knut Einar 
Published: May 2022

AbstractImproper waste management carries social risks and dissipates high-value materials. Moreover, material market prices do not reflect these hidden costs and values. Two important questions are how prices can inform society about their resource use impact and how market-based policies optimize material circularity. This study adds to the literature by analyzing the effect of market-based policies aimed at promoting circular material reuse in a market defied by harmful waste but enhanced by recycling. The findings indicate that a landfill tax is a first-best policy since it targets the external costs of waste disposal, improves welfare, reduces damages, and boosts recycling. If a landfill tax is not feasible, other programs like taxes, subsidies, and a tax-subsidy scheme provide second-best results. Remarkably, recycling subsidies can stimulate higher raw material extraction and generate rebound effects. We also explore other non-market-based strategies to prevent waste and make recycling more cost-competitive and easier to recycle. The numerical results and sensitivity analysis of the lithium market illustrate the model's flexibility and prove why some policies are superior to others for reducing waste and creating value from used materials. Our study results serve as a guide to designing policies for optimal material circularity.
Advances and outlook of TE-PCM system: a review
Authors: Liu Anbang , Xie Huaqing , Wu Zihua , Wang Yuanyuan 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis review reports the most recent developments of thermoelectric (TE) system coupled with phase change material (PCM) and its promising integration options within various PCM deployment and structure design. These innovative TE coupled with PCM (TE-PCM) systems provide heat/cold energy with additional electric power which implies better harnessing of multiform energy. Fundamentals of TE-PCM system including thermoelectric effect are presented along with a basic mathematical formulation of the physical problem. The classification principles and configuration types of such systems are also summarized. The most representative studies related to the utilization of TE-PCM system in diversified application scenarios and their compatibility with other energy systems have been comprehensively reviewed and analyzed, including the component and structure optimization. In-depth analysis of the main technical and operational challenges in the future has been carried out, and the prospective development of more efficient TE-PCM system and its hybrid configurations are projected based on the current technological level.
Anthropocene Geochemical and Technological Signatures of an Experimental Landfill Bioreactor in the Central Valley of California
Authors: Barfod Gry H. , Seiser Reinhard , Yazdani Ramin , Wang Li , Lesher Charles E. , Jenkins Bryan M. , Thy Peter 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe geochemical signatures of a 12-year-old experimental bioreactor at a California landfill are used to identify elemental concentrations and ratios that characterize the landfill and relate it to the age and state of technology of the deposited waste. The bioreactor was constructed and sealed with a synthetic liner during 2001–2002 and operated and monitored as an anaerobic digester to enhance methane production. In 2013, the bioreactor was sampled and trace element concentrations of the extracted fine fractions were determined. The concentrations normalized to a regional soil composition, reveal systematic peaks for transition metals, alkali metals, heavy metals, and various metalloids and non-metals. A group of potential solder elements (Cu, Zn, Cd, In, Sn, Pb, Bi, and Sb) shows moderate to strong co-variations and is largely attributed to household electronic components and other similar products, while elements that correlated well with rare-earth and other elements are related to the diluting effect of a soil component used as cover. Batteries show modest to little effects on the overall concentrations. Circulating fluids (recycled leachate) in the controlled reactor did not completely redistribute and homogenize the elemental signatures within the time frame of the bioreactor. It is concluded that the present experimental landfill defines an Anthropocene marker identifiable by building material (plaster), PVC plastic, and household electronic components (Pb–Sn solder). These marker elements and ratios are variably diluted by soil components identified by alkali metals, rare-earths, and high field-strength elements (Hf, Zr, Nb, and Ta).
Research and modeling of force fighting equalisation for aircraft rudder’s triple active actuation system
Authors: Li D.W. , Lin M.X. , Tian L. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis paper presents a new approach to force fighting equalisation in a redundant active-active-active rudder actuation system that is used for the primary flight control system of a turboprop regional aircraft. The related coupled problem of force fighting scenario, and the hydraulic architecture of electronic-hydrostatic actuator (EHA) are analysed, the mathematical model of the EHA system is built. The virtual test bench is designed to evaluate the performance of the force fighting equalisation strategy. The proposed methodology is tested on an iron bird test rig. The physical experiment shows that the fighting force is minimised under all flight conditions, meets the low cost requirement and can be a very reliable system. The proposed methodology can be applied to other types of aircraft’ flight actuation systems.
The Potential of Arbitration as Effective Remedy in Business and Human Rights: Will the Hague Rules be Enough?
Authors: Baaij Andi 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe area of business and human rights (BHR) has a gap in its means to effectively remedy human rights violations. In pursuit of implementing the third pillar of the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights, which focuses on providing an effective remedy to rightsholders affected by corporate human rights violations, it has been proposed to utilize arbitration as a new platform to deal with such violations. The Drafting Team that instigated this initiative has prepared a set of procedural rules for BHR arbitration, called the Hague Rules. The Rules were officially launched on 12 December 2019. These arbitral rules are tailored to the specific needs of settling human rights disputes. In this article, the general idea of BHR arbitration will be analysed and assessed in light of the normative concept of ‘effective’ remedy, using the Hague Rules as a focus point. This article will discuss not only what the Hague Rules would introduce to the general concept of BHR arbitration, but also what limitations might still remain in securing an effective remedy.
The importance of anthropology in psychiatry
Authors: Alexander L. , Lyne J. , Cannon M. , Roch B. A. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAnthropology is defined as “the study of humans”, while psychiatric anthropology is a subfield of cultural anthropology which uses qualitative methodologies to explore the experience of mental illness. In a field that is often dominated by quantitative research, an anthropological approach allows us to understand experiences surrounding illness and the cultural context of mental illness. The articles presented in this issue of the Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine explore individual and group perspectives within a variety of cultural and historical contexts. This compilation of articles unearths fascinating insights into the lived experiences of distinct and vulnerable groups, including young people, migrants and members of the travelling community. Harnessing these insights can help us to tailor our services to the needs of societal populations, as well as improving therapeutic relationships with the ultimate goal of better treatment outcomes.
How Knowledge Services Clustered Firms Leverage Different Channels of Local Knowledge Spillovers for Service Innovation
Authors: Ngo Thi (Alice) N. B. , Thornton Sabrina 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACTBuilt upon configuration theory, this study performs a Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) to delineate alternative and sufficient configurations of local knowledge spillover (LKS) channels, that is, how informal interactions and spinoff, and absorptive capacity are combined to facilitate service innovation. Primary data was collected from the largest software outsourcing cluster in Vietnam in 2018, which provides a sample size of 42 firms. The findings imply that multiple configurations of different channels of LKS in conjunction with absorptive capacity can lead to service innovation. This study makes three important contributions. First, it contributes to the debate over the critical role of LKS and absorptive capacity in innovation by offering a more holistic, yet nuanced understanding of the causal mechanisms underlying service innovation. Second, this study sheds light on viable and equifinal pathways for enhancing innovation capabilities, therefore contributing to the literature on cluster upgrading and global service sourcing. Third, it provides some managerial implications for indigenous spinoff firms in developing countries seeking to innovate through the strategic use of LKS.
Dietary inflammatory index, inflammation biomarkers and preeclampsia risk: a hospital-based case–control study
Authors: Liu Yan-hua , Zheng Lu , Cheng Chen , Li Shu-na , Shivappa Nitin , Hebert James R. , Fu Wen-jun , Zhao Xian-lan , Cao Yuan , Dou Wei-feng , Chen Hua-nan , Duan Dan-dan , Lyu Quan-jun , Zeng Fang-fang 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis study evaluated the association between inflammatory diets as measured by the Dietary Inflammatory index (DII), inflammation biomarkers and the development of preeclampsia among the Chinese population. We followed the reporting guidelines of the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology statement for observational studies. A total of 466 preeclampsia cases aged over 18 years were recruited between March 2016 and June 2019, and 466 healthy controls were 1:1 ratio matched by age (±3 years), week of gestation (±1 week) and gestational diabetes mellitus. The energy-adjusted DII (E-DII) was computed based on dietary intake assessed using a seventy-nine item semiquantitative FFQ. Inflammatory biomarkers were analysed by ELISA kits. The mean E-DII scores were −0·65 ± 1·58 for cases and −1·19 ± 1·47 for controls (P value < 0·001). E-DII scores positively correlated with interferon-γ (rs = 0·194, P value = 0·001) and IL-4 (rs = 0·135, P value = 0·021). After multivariable adjustment, E-DII scores were positively related to preeclampsia risk (Ptrend < 0·001). The highest tertile of E-DII was 2·18 times the lowest tertiles (95 % CI = 1·52, 3·13). The odds of preeclampsia increased by 30 % (95 % CI = 18 %, 43 %, P value < 0·001) for each E-DII score increase. The preeclampsia risk was positively associated with IL-2 (OR = 1·07, 95 % CI = 1·03, 1·11), IL-4 (OR = 1·26, 95 % CI = 1·03, 1·54) and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) (OR = 1·17, 95 % CI = 1·06, 1·29). Therefore, proinflammatory diets, corresponding to higher IL-2, IL-4 and TGF-β levels, were associated with increased preeclampsia risk.
Achieving Groundwater Governance: Ostrom's Design Principles and Payments for Ecosystem Services Approaches
Authors: Nsoh Walters 
Published: May 2022

AbstractGroundwater is a largely unseen common pool resource. Yet, driven by strong economic incentives, whether or not encouraged by existing policies, and the difficulty to exclude others, groundwater users are competing with each other to extract as much as possible, with devastating consequences for its sustainability. The challenges faced for sustainably managing such common pool resources, on which people have established de facto individual rights, are manifold. However, creating a market for trades of some kind in ecosystem services associated with groundwater could actually enhance the protection of this critical resource on the basis that protection can benefit individual groundwater users economically as well as provide a broader public good. This article uses Elinor Ostrom's design principles as an analytical tool to examine how market-based approaches such as payments for ecosystem services (PES) fit with some of the governance models that could be used to protect and enhance groundwater as a common pool resource. It argues that while there are specific design challenges to be overcome, PES as an institutional tool can align with Ostrom's ideas for the governance of groundwater.
Sensitivity of the Tropical Cyclone Boundary Layer to Vertical Diffusion in a Turbulent Kinetic Energy‐Based Boundary Layer Parameterization Scheme at Gray‐Zone Resolution
Authors: Xu Hongxiong , Duan Yihong 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe impact of eddy diffusivities in the Mellor–Yamada–Nakanishi–Niino (MYNN) boundary layer parameterization on the fine‐scale turbulence and intensity of tropical cyclone (TC) simulations at gray‐zone resolution was investigated through comparison with large‐eddy simulation (LES) and observations. A series of idealized experiments were performed with varying vertical mixing lengths using the Advanced Research version of the Weather Research and Forecasting model. For enhanced eddy diffusivity cases, the storm intensity was sensitive to the eddy diffusivities and reducing the overestimation of the eddy diffusivities caused a significant increase in intensity. For the reduced eddy diffusivity cases, the TC intensity was marginally influenced by the eddy diffusivities. However, the reduction in eddy diffusivities effectively reproduced the fine‐scale turbulence. The stronger the resolved fine‐scale turbulence that could be established, the more frictional tendencies near the location of maximum wind were provided to the TC, the closer it was to the reference LES and observations. The resolved turbulence also had consequences in terms of preventing the wind gradient from increasing, which was one of the primary reasons for the discrepancies in the nonlinear intensity and fine‐scale features. The results of this study demonstrate that the modification of eddy diffusivities in the MYNN scheme can measure or guide improvements in the simulation of TC boundary layer fine‐scale features and intensity when operating at the gray‐zone resolution.
A Modeling Approach for Addressing Sensitivity and Uncertainty of Estuarine Greenhouse Gas (CO2 and CH4) Dynamics
Authors: Huang Peisheng , De Sousa Eduardo R. , Wells Naomi S. , Eyre Bradley D. , Gibbes Badin , Hipsey Matthew R. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractEstuaries make an important contribution to the global greenhouse gas budget. Yet modeling predictions of carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) emissions from estuaries remain highly uncertain due to both simplified assumptions about the underpinning hydrologic and biologic processes and inadequate data availability to uniquely define parameters related to CO2 and CH4 processes. This study presents a modeling framework to quantify the sensitivity and uncertainty of predicted CO2 and CH4 concentrations and emissions, which is demonstrated through application to a subtropical urban estuary (Brisbane River, Australia). A 3D hydrodynamic‐biogeochemical model was constructed, and calibrated using the model‐independent Parameter ESTimation software (PEST) with field data sets that captured strong gradients of CO2 and CH4 concentrations and emissions along the estuary. The approach refined uncertainty in the estimation of whole‐estuary annual emissions, and enabled us to assess the sensitivity and uncertainty of CO2 and CH4 dynamics. Estuarine CO2 concentrations were most sensitive to uncertainty in riverine inputs, whereas estuarine CH4 concentrations were most sensitive to sediment production and pelagic oxidation. Over the modeled year, variance in the daily fluctuations in carbon emissions from this case‐study spanned the full range of emission rates reported for estuaries around the world, highlighting that spatially or temporally limited sampling regimes could significantly bias estuarine greenhouse gas emission estimates. The combination of targeted field campaigns with the modeling approach presented in this study can help to improve carbon budgeting in estuaries, reduce uncertainty in emission estimates, and support management strategies to reduce or offset estuary greenhouse gas emissions.
Modeling Iceberg Longevity and Distribution During Heinrich Events
Authors: Fendrock Michaela , Condron Alan , McGee David 
Published: May 2022

AbstractDuring the last glacial period (120–12 ka), the Laurentide ice sheet discharged large numbers of icebergs into the North Atlantic. These icebergs carried sediments that were dropped as the icebergs melted, leaving a record of past iceberg activity on the floor of the subpolar North Atlantic. Periods of significant iceberg discharge and increased ice‐rafted debris (IRD) deposition, are known as Heinrich Events. These events coincide with global climate change, and the melt from the icebergs involved is frequently hypothesized to have contributed to these changes in climate by adding a significant volume of cold, fresh water to the North Atlantic. Using an iceberg model coupled with the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Global Circulation Model numerical circulation model, we explore the various factors controlling iceberg drift and rates of melt that influence the spatial patterns of IRD deposition during Heinrich Events. In addition to clarifying the influence of sea surface temperature and wind on the path of an armada of icebergs, we demonstrate that the same volume of ice can produce very different patterns of iceberg drift simply by altering the size of icebergs involved. We note also a significant difference in the seasonal locations of icebergs, influenced primarily by the changing winds, and show that the spatial patterns of IRD for Heinrich Event 1 most closely corresponds to where icebergs are located during the summer months. Consistent with proxy evidence, the ocean must be several degrees colder than temperatures estimated for the Last Glacial Maximum in order for icebergs to travel the distance implied by Heinrich Layers.
Intranasal administration of a recombinant RBD vaccine induces long-term immunity against Omicron-included SARS-CoV-2 variants
Authors: Lei Hong , Alu Aqu , Yang Jingyun , Ren Wenyan , He Cai , Lan Tianxia , He Xuemei , Yang Li , Li Jiong , Wang Zhenling , Song Xiangrong , Wang Wei , Lu Guangwen , Wei Xiawei 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has posed great threats to global health and economy. Several effective vaccines are available now, but additional booster immunization is required to retain or increase the immune responses owing to waning immunity and the emergency of new variant strains. The deficiency of intramuscularly delivered vaccines to induce mucosal immunity urged the development of mucosal vaccines. Here, we developed an adjuvanted intranasal RBD vaccine and monitored its long-term immunogenicity against both wild-type and mutant strains of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), including Omicron variants, in mice. Three-dose intranasal immunization with this vaccine induced and maintained high levels of neutralizing IgG antibodies in the sera for at least 1 year. Strong mucosal immunity was also provoked, including mucosal secretory IgA and lung-resident memory T cells (TRM). We also demonstrated that the long-term persistence of lung TRM cells is a consequence of local T-cell proliferation, rather than T-cell migration from lymph nodes. Our data suggested that the adjuvanted intranasal RBD vaccine is a promising vaccine candidate to establish robust, long-lasting, and broad protective immunity against SARS-CoV-2 both systemically and locally.
Blue-light fundus autofluorescence imaging of pigment epithelial detachments
Authors: Bindewald-Wittich Almut , Dolar-Szczasny Joanna , Kuenzel Sandrine H. , von der Emde Leon , Pfau Maximilian , Rejdak Robert , Schmitz-Valckenberg Steffen , Ach Thomas , Dreyhaupt Jens , Holz Frank G. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundPigment epithelial detachments (PEDs) occur in association with various chorioretinal diseases. With respect to the broad clinical spectrum of PEDs we describe fundus autofluorescence (FAF) characteristics of PEDs.MethodsNinety-three eyes of 66 patients (mean age 71.9 ± 11.1) with uni- or bilateral PED ( ≥ 350 µm) were included in a retrospective cross-sectional study. PEDs were secondary to age-related macular degeneration (n = 79), central serous chorioretinopathy (n = 7), polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (n = 2), pattern dystrophy (n = 3) or idiopathic PED (n = 2). FAF images were recorded using confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (488 nm excitation wavelength, detection of emission >500 nm). Diagnosis of PED was confirmed using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. A qualitative FAF grading system was established, and grading was performed by two independent readers.ResultsPEDs showed highly variable characteristics on FAF imaging. FAF within the area of PED was found to be irregular/granular (n = 59, 63.4%), increased (n = 28, 30.1%), decreased (n = 3, 3.2 %), or normal (n = 3, 3.2%). Accompanying FAF changes included condensation of macular pigment (n = 67, 72.0%), focally increased FAF at the PED apex (n = 14, 15.1%) or elsewhere (n = 52, 55.9%), focally decreased FAF (n = 23, 24.7%), a cartwheel-like pattern (n = 10, 10.8%), a doughnut sign (n = 6, 6.5%), and a halo of decreased FAF encircling the PED (completelyn = 20, 21.5% or incompletelyn = 20, 21.5%).ConclusionsPEDs show a variety of abnormal patterns on FAF imaging. These changes in FAF signals may be secondary to morphological and metabolic alterations within corresponding retinal layers and do not necessarily correspond with the underlying PED subtype or a specific pathology.