bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interactions Between Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Replication and Major Respiratory Viruses in Human Nasal Epithelium
Authors: Pizzorno Andrés , Padey Blandine , Dulière Victoria , Mouton William , Oliva Justine , Laurent Emilie , Milesi Cedrine , Lina Bruno , Traversier Aurelien , Julien Thomas , Trouillet-Assant Sophie , Rosa-Calatrava Manuel , Terrier Olivier 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), along with extensive nonpharmacological interventions, have profoundly altered the epidemiology of major respiratory viruses. Some studies have described virus-virus interactions, particularly manifested by viral interference mechanisms at different scales. However, our knowledge of the interactions between SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory viruses remains incomplete. Here, we studied the interactions between SARS-CoV-2 and several respiratory viruses (influenza, respiratory syncytial virus, human metapneumovirus, and human rhinovirus) in a reconstituted human epithelial airway model, exploring different scenarios affecting the sequence and timing of coinfections. We show that the virus type and sequence of infections are key factors in virus-virus interactions, the primary infection having a determinant role in the immune response to the secondary infection.
Pharmacokinetic and pharmacogenetic associations with dolutegravir neuropsychiatric adverse events in an African population
Authors: Griesel Rulan , Sinxadi Phumla , Kawuma Aida , Joska John , Sokhela Simiso , Akpomiemie Godspower , Venter Francois , Denti Paolo , Haas David W , Maartens Gary 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
Dolutegravir has been associated with neuropsychiatric adverse events (NPAEs), but relationships between dolutegravir concentrations and NPAEs are unclear.

Objectives
To determine in an African population whether a concentration–response relationship exists between dolutegravir and treatment-emergent NPAEs, and whether selected loss-of-function polymorphisms in genes encoding UDP-glucuronosyltransferase-1A1 (the major metabolizing enzyme for dolutegravir) and organic cation transporter-2 (involved in neurotransmitter transport and inhibited by dolutegravir) are associated with NPAEs.

Methods
Antiretroviral therapy-naive participants randomized to dolutegravir-based therapy in the ADVANCE study were enrolled into a pharmacokinetic sub-study. Primary outcome was change in mental health screening [modified mini screen (MMS)] and sleep quality from baseline to weeks 4, 12 and 24. Dolutegravir exposure was estimated using a population pharmacokinetic model. Polymorphisms analysed were UGT1A1 rs887829 and SLC22A2 rs316019.

Results
Data from 464 participants were available for pharmacokinetic analyses and 301 for genetic analyses. By multivariable linear regression, higher dolutegravir exposure was associated with worsening sleep quality only at week 12 [coefficient  = −0.854 (95% CI −1.703 to −0.005), P = 0.049], but with improved MMS score at weeks 12 and 24 [coefficient = −1.255 (95% CI −2.250 to −0.261), P = 0.013 and coefficient = −1.199 (95% CI −2.030 to −0.368), P = 0.005, respectively]. The UGT1A1 and SLC22A2 polymorphisms were not associated with change in MMS score or sleep quality.

Conclusions
Only at week 12 did we find evidence of a relationship between dolutegravir exposure and worsening sleep quality. However, higher dolutegravir exposure was associated with improved MMS scores, suggesting a possible beneficial effect.
Magill, the hold-up problem and dynamic competition
Authors: Simonsson Ingeborg 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In Magill, the Court of Justice of the European Union concluded that broadcasters were abusing their dominant positions by blocking a would-be competitor on the television-guide market from access to TV listing information. It is submitted in this article that the subsequent reinterpretation of Magill as an essential facilities case has its weaknesses, and that the ruling can be better explained by reference to the hold-up problem and a dynamic view of competition.
Changing Immunochemistry Platforms: Thyroid Function Test Comparison and Reference Intervals Based on Clinical Needs
Authors: Pelanti Jonna , Lamberg Tea , Salopuro Titta , Pussinen Christel , Suvisaari Janne , Joutsi-Korhonen Lotta , Schalin-Jäntti Camilla , Itkonen Outi , Anttonen Mikko 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
Diagnosis of thyroid dysfunction relies on thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (FT4), and free tri-iodothyronine (FT3) tests against valid reference intervals (RIs). We changed the immunoassay platform from Abbott Architect to Siemens Atellica and aimed to establish Atellica RIs based on laboratory information system (LIS) patient data.

Methods
Atellica thyroid hormone immunoassays were verified against those of Architect. Real-life patient results were retrieved from LIS. A single result per patient dataset was used to establish the RIs by the indirect method.

Results
Atellica and Architect assays correlated well but Atellica showed a positive bias between 13% and 53%, the largest for FT4. Variations of the Atellica assays were ≤4%. The 95% Atellica RIs were 0.4–3.8 mU/L for TSH, 0.9–1.6 ng/dL for FT4, and 227–416 pg/dL for FT3. Considering the accumulating clinical experience with Atellica, the RIs for clinical use were adjusted as 0.5–4.0 mU/L, 0.9–1.8 ng/dL, and 169–409 pg/dL, respectively.

Conclusions
We verified thyroid hormone RIs for Atellica by the indirect method for the first time. Our model proved reliable for selecting results of presumably healthy individuals from LIS data. Critical review of the RIs with local endocrinologists is essential.
Microbial phytase reduces basal endogenous loss of calcium in pigs fed diets containing phytate phosphorus at commercial levels
Authors: Nelson Megan E , Lee Su A , Dersjant-Li Yueming , Remus Janet , Stein Hans H 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe objective of this experiment was to test the hypothesis that increasing dietary phytase reduces basal endogenous loss of Ca and increases P balance in pigs. Seventy barrows (initial body weight: 17.66 ± 1.69 kg) were allotted to seven Ca-free diets using a randomized complete block design with two blocks and five pigs per diet in each block. All diets were based on corn, potato protein concentrate, and full-fat rice bran. A positive control (PC) diet was formulated to contain P at the requirement for standardized total tract digestible (STTD) P by 11 to 25 kg pigs. Six negative control (NC) diets were formulated by reducing the provision of digestible P by 0.15% and adding 0, 250, 500, 1,000, 2,000, or 4,000 phytase units/kg diet. Pigs were housed individually in metabolism crates that allowed for total, but separate, collection of urine and feces. Daily feed allowance was 3.0 times the maintenance requirement for metabolizable energy and was divided into two equal meals. Diets were fed for 12 d with the first 5 d considered the adaptation period. Urine collections started on day 6 in the morning and ceased on day 10 in the morning. Fecal markers were also included in the morning meals on day 6 and day 10 and feces were collected according to the marker-to-marker procedure. Results indicated that the apparent total tract digestibility of dry matter was not affected by dietary P or phytase levels. The basal endogenous loss of Ca was not affected by dietary P, but exponentially decreased (P = 0.030) as phytase level increased in the diets. Phosphorus retention (g/d) and standardized total tract digestibility of phosphorus were greater (P &lt; 0.05) in pigs fed the PC diet compared with pigs fed the NC diet with no phytase. The STTD of P exponentially (P &lt; 0.001) increased as phytase level increased in the diets, but because of the lack of Ca, retention of P (% of absorbed) linearly decreased (P = 0.006) as phytase increased. In conclusion, basal endogenous loss of Ca decreased as dietary phytase increased demonstrating that endogenous Ca can be bound to phytate in the intestinal tract of pigs. However, STTD of P increased as phytase level in the diets increased.
Reproductive biology of the palaemonid prawnMacrobrachium villosimanus(Tiwari, 1949) (Decapoda: Caridea: Palaemonidae)
Authors: Ahamed Ferdous , Barai Pingku , Ahmed Zoarder F , Ohtomi Jun 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMacrobrachium villosimanus (Tiwari, 1949) is a commercial prawn found in southern Asia. There is, however, no available information on the population parameters of this species, which is an obstacle in the formulation of its sustainable management and conservation protocols. We studied for the first time its reproductive biology including, size at sexual maturity, reproductive period, egg size and volume, and brood size. Monthly samples were collected from the Andharmanik River, southern Bangladesh during December 2018 to November 2020 and only female individuals were used. All females were categorized as ovigerous and non-ovigerous based on the presence of eggs attached to the pleopods, and the developing eggs were classified into four stages. Ovarian development was also observed and classified. The size at which 50% of females were ovigerous was estimated as 13.3 mm carapace length. Occurrence of ovigerous females throughout the year indicated a prolonged spawning season with two peaks in March (minor peak) and June-December (major peak). Ovarian maturation was observed during embryogenesis, implying that females were potentially capable of multiple spawning during a reproductive period. Egg size was independent of female size but increased with development. Brood size was closely related to female size with isometric function. The findings will help to formulate sustainable management and conservation protocols of this important fishery.
Insights on the regulation of photosynthesis in pea leaves exposed to oscillating light
Authors: Lazár Dušan , Niu Yuxi , Nedbal Ladislav 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Plants growing in nature often experience fluctuating irradiance. However, in the laboratory, the dynamics of photosynthesis are usually explored by instantaneously exposing dark-adapted plants to constant light and examining the dark-to-light transition, which is a poor approximation of natural phenomena. With the aim creating a better approximation, we exposed leaves of pea (Pisum sativum) to oscillating light and measured changes in the functioning of PSI and PSII, and of the proton motive force at the thylakoid membrane. We found that the dynamics depended on the oscillation period, revealing information about the underlying regulatory networks. As demonstrated for a selected oscillation period of 60 s, the regulation tries to keep the reaction centers of PSI and PSII open. We present an evaluation of the data obtained, and discuss the involvement of particular processes in the regulation of photosynthesis. The forced oscillations provided an information-rich fingerprint of complex regulatory networks. We expect future progress in understanding these networks from experiments involving chemical interventions and plant mutants, and by using mathematical modeling and systems identification and control tools.
Association between Methylene-Tetrahydrofolate Reductase C677T Polymorphism and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection in Morocco
Authors: Baba Hanâ , Bouqdayr Meryem , Saih Asmae , Bensghir Rajaa , Ouladlahsen Ahd , Sodqi Mustapha , Marih Latifa , Zaidane Imane , Kettani Anass , Abidi Omar , Wakrim Lahcen 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection varies substantially among individuals. One of the factors influencing viral infection is genetic variability. Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T polymorphism is a genetic factor that has been correlated with different types of pathologies, including HIV-1. The MTHFR gene encodes the MTHFR enzyme, an essential factor in the folate metabolic pathway and in maintaining circulating folate and methionine at constant levels, thus preventing the homocysteine accumulation. Several studies have shown the role of folate on CD4+ T lymphocyte count among HIV-1 subjects. In this case-control study we aimed to determine the association between the MTHFR C677T polymorphism and HIV-1 infection susceptibility, AIDS development, and therapeutic outcome among Moroccans. The C677T polymorphism was genotyped by polymerase chain reaction followed by fragment length polymorphism digestion in 214 participants living with HIV-1 and 318 healthy controls. The results of the study revealed no statistically significant association between MTHFR C677T polymorphism and HIV-1 infection (P &gt; .05). After dividing HIV-1 subjects according to their AIDS status, no significant difference was observed between C677T polymorphism and AIDS development (P &gt; .05). Furthermore, regarding the treatment response outcome, as measured by HIV-1 RNA viral load and CD4+ T cell counts, no statistically significant association was found with MTHFR C677T polymorphism. We conclude that, in the genetic context of the Moroccan population, MTHFR C677T polymorphism does not affect HIV-1 infection susceptibility, AIDS development, or response to treatment. However, more studies should be done to investigate both genetic and nutritional aspects for more conclusive results.
Increasing Medical Student Involvement in Research: Military Ob/Gyn HeadHunters
Authors: Boedeker David , Chatfield Lindsay , Hudson Kayla , Motoni Caddie , Kerns Nikole , Lutgendorf Monica , Shvartsman Katerina 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Our goal was to develop a successful research collaboration program, Military Ob/Gyn HeadHunters, to connect military medical students with residents, fellows, and staff physicians across the Military Health System (MHS) to foster research collaboration and mentorship.

Materials and Methods
We conducted a needs assessment of medical students from the Uniformed Services University and Health Professions Scholarship Program as well as staff physicians, residents, and fellows practicing in the MHS to better understand the barriers to initiating and conducting research within the MHS. We used the survey results to create a secure online spreadsheet to match medical students to researchers recruiting student researchers. A follow-up survey was sent to all respondents 3 months after the program launch to evaluate the program.

Results
Of the medical students who completed the needs assessment, 82.56% (n = 71/86) reported barriers in participating in research. The most common barrier was “I don’t know where to look for research opportunities.” Of the staff surveyed, 88.24% (n = 15/17) indicated that they were interested in medical student involvement in their research. However, 53.33% (n = 8/15) of the surveyed staff reported that they did not know any students who would be good candidates. Since the launch in April 2021, our 3-month follow-up survey had a response rate of 40.00% (n = 6/15) for staff and 47.06% (n = 32/68) for students. Hundred percent (n = 6/6) of faculty advertising projects recruited at least one student to join their project. 85.71% (n = 12/14) of students actively seeking participation joined a research team.

Conclusions
Our novel research collaboration program successfully connected military medical students with active researchers in the MHS. Leaders in medical education can consider adopting this framework to improve trainee participation in research.
Impact of the turnover in the high-z galaxy luminosity function on the 21-cm signal during Cosmic Dawn and Epoch of Reionization
Authors: Zhang Zekang , Shan Huanyuan , Gu Junhua , Zheng Qian , Xu Yidong , Yue Bin , Liu Yuchen , Zhu Zhenghao , Guo Quan 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT
The shape of the faint-end of the high-z galaxy luminosity function (LF) informs early star formation and reionization physics during the Cosmic Dawn and Epoch of Reionization. Until recently, based on the strong gravitational lensing cluster deep surveys, the Hubble Frontier Fields (HFF) has found a potential turnover in the ultraviolet (UV) LF at $\mathit{ z}$ ∼ 6. In this paper, we analyse the contribution of extremely faint galaxies with the magnitude larger than the turnover magnitude in LF to cosmic reionization. We apply the measurement from HFF to our suppressed star formation efficiency model, including three free parameters: halo mass threshold Mt, curvature parameter β, and a UV conversion factor lUV. According to our fit of 68 per cent confidence level, the high-redshift star formation in haloes smaller than $M_t=1.82^{+2.86}_{-1.08}\times 10^{10} \, \rm M_{\odot }$ is found to be dampened. The turnover magnitude $\rm \gtrsim -13.99-2.45$, correspondingly the halo mass $\lesssim (4.57+20.03)\times 10^{9} \, \rm M_{\odot }$. We find that the absorption trough in the global 21-cm signal is sensitive to our SFE model parameters. Together with (β, lUV) = ($2.17^{+2.42}_{-1.72}$, $9.33^{+0.43}_{-0.42} \, \rm ~erg~yr ~s^{-1}\, M_{\odot }^{-1})$, the trough locates at ∼$134^{+10}_{-17}$$\rm MHz$ with an amplitude of ∼$-237^{-6}_{+7}$$\rm mK$, compared to (106 MHz, -212 mK) in the absence of turnover. Besides, we find that the star formation of faint galaxies has also an impact on the 21-cm power spectra. The best-fitting peak power decreases by$\sim 4{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ and shifts towards smaller scales from $0.88 \, h\, \rm Mpc^{-1}$ to $0.91 \, h\, \rm Mpc^{-1}$. According to our calculation, such impact is distinguishable with the forthcoming Square Kilometre Array.
Synchro-curvature emitting regions in high-energy pulsar models
Authors: Íñiguez-Pascual Daniel , Viganò Daniele , Torres Diego F 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT
The detected high-energy pulsars’ population is growing in number, and thus, having agile and physically relevant codes to analyse it consistently is important. Here, we update our existing synchro-curvature radiation model by including a better treatment of the particle injection, particularly where the large pitch angle particles dominate the spectra, and by implementing a fast and accurate minimization technique. The latter allows a large improvement in computational cost, needed to test model enhancements, and to apply the model to a larger pulsar population. We successfully fit the sample of pulsars with X-ray and gamma-ray data. Our results indicate that, for every emitting particle, the spatial extent of their trajectory where the pitch angle is large and most of the detected X-ray radiation is produced is a small fraction of the light cylinder. We also confirm with this new approach that synchrotron radiation is not negligible for most of the gamma-ray pulsars detected. In addition, with the results obtained, we argue that J0357+3205 and J2055+2539 are MeV pulsar candidates and are suggested for exhaustive observations in this energy band.
A lensed radio jet at milliarcsecond resolution I: Bayesian comparison of parametric lens models
Authors: Powell Devon M , Vegetti Simona , McKean J P , Spingola Cristiana , Stacey Hannah R , Fassnacht Christopher D 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT
We investigate the mass structure of a strong gravitational lens galaxy at z = 0.350, taking advantage of the milliarcsecond (mas) angular resolution of very long baseline interferometric (VLBI) observations. In the first analysis of its kind at this resolution, we jointly infer the lens model parameters and pixellated radio source surface brightness. We consider several lens models of increasing complexity, starting from an elliptical power-law density profile. We extend this model to include angular multipole structures, a separate stellar mass component, additional nearby field galaxies, and/or a generic external potential. We compare these models using their relative Bayesian log-evidence (Bayes factor). We find strong evidence for angular structure in the lens; our best model is comprised of a power-law profile plus multipole perturbations and external potential, with a Bayes factor of +14984 relative to the elliptical power-law model. It is noteworthy that the elliptical power-law mass distribution is a remarkably good fit on its own, with additional model complexity correcting the deflection angles only at the ∼5 mas level. We also consider the effects of added complexity in the lens model on time-delay cosmography and flux-ratio analyses. We find that an overly simplistic power-law ellipsoid lens model can bias the measurement of H0 by ∼3 per cent and mimic flux ratio anomalies of ∼8 per cent. Our results demonstrate the power of high-resolution VLBI observations to provide strong constraints on the inner density profiles of lens galaxies.
Estimating the atmospheric properties of 44 M dwarfs from SPIRou spectra
Authors: Cristofari P I , Donati J-F , Masseron T , Fouqué P , Moutou C , Carmona A , Artigau E , Martioli E , Hébrard G , Gaidos E , Delfosse X ,   SLS consortium
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT
We describe advances on a method designed to derive accurate parameters of M dwarfs. Our analysis consists in comparing high-resolution infrared spectra acquired with the near-infrared spectro-polarimeter SPIRou to synthetic spectra computed from MARCS model atmospheres, in order to derive the effective temperature (Teff), surface gravity (log g), metallicity ($\rm {[M/H]}$), and alpha-enhancement ($\rm {[\alpha /Fe]}$) of 44 M dwarfs monitored within the SPIRou Legacy Survey (SLS). Relying on 12 of these stars, we calibrated our method by refining our selection of well-modelled stellar lines, and adjusted the line list parameters to improve the fit when necessary. Our retrieved Teff, log g, and $\rm {[M/H]}$ are in good agreement with literature values, with dispersions of the order of 50 K in Teff and 0.1 dex in log g and $\rm {[M/H]}$. We report that fitting $\rm {[\alpha /Fe]}$ has an impact on the derivation of the other stellar parameters, motivating us to extend our fitting procedure to this additional parameter. We find that our retrieved $\rm {[\alpha /Fe]}$ are compatible with those expected from empirical relations derived in other studies.
f(T) cosmology against the cosmographic method: A new study using mock and observational data
Authors: Sabiee M , Malekjani M , Mohammad Zadeh Jassur D 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT
In this paper, we study the power-law f(T) model using Hubble diagrams of type Ia supernovae (SNIa), quasars (QSOs), gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), and the measurements from baryonic acoustic oscillations (BAO) in the framework of the cosmographic method. Using mock data for SNIa, QSOs, and GRBs generated based on the power-law f(T) model, we show whether different cosmographic methods are suitable to reconstruct the distance modulus or not. In particular, we investigate the rational PADE polynomials (3,2) and (2,2) in addition to the fourth- and fifth-order Taylor series. We show that PADE (3,2) is the best approximation that can be used in the cosmographic method to reconstruct the distance modulus at both low and high redshifts. In the context of PADE (3,2) cosmographic method, we show that the power-law f(T) model is well consistent with the real observational data from the Hubble diagrams of SNIa, QSOs, and GRBs. Moreover, we find that the combination of the Hubble diagram of SNIa and the BAO observation leads to better consistency between the model-independent cosmographic method and the power-law f(T) model. Finally, our observational constraints on the parameter of the effective equation of state of DE described by the power-law f(T) model show the phantom-like behaviour, especially when the BAO observations are included in our analysis.