bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
5-Aminolevulinic acid antiviral efficacy against SARS-CoV-2 omicron variant in vitro
Authors: Ngwe Tun Mya Myat , Sakura Takaya , Sakurai Yasuteru , Kurosaki Yohei , Inaoka Daniel Ken , Shioda Norifumi , Smith Chris , Yasuda Jiro , Morita Kouichi , Kita Kiyoshi 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID 19) pandemic continues to pose a threat to global health. The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron variant (B.1.1.529) has spread rapidly worldwide and became dominant in many countries. A natural 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) with sodium ferrous citrate (SFC) has demonstrated antiviral activity in Wuhan, Alpha, Beta, Gamma, and Delta variants of SARS-CoV-2 infections in vitro. In this study, we report antiviral activity of 5-ALA, 5-ALA with SFC led to IC50 of 329 and 765/191, respectively after infection with Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 in vitro. Our finding suggests that 5-ALA could be used as antiviral drug candidate to treat Omicron variant infected patients.
Effect of 6 weeks of balance training on different heights of medium-density foam in geriatric population
Authors: Kadam Soniya , Pazare Shamla , Iyer Saraswati 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundIn older adults, progressive aging leads to a gradual decrease in physical and mental well-being, increasing the risk of fall-associated injuries and ultimately changing the quality of life. This increase in fall accidents is due to the impaired balance in older adults. To prevent such incidents, the incorporation of balance training in the rehabilitation of the geriatric population will help in challenging the vestibular system and activates the mechanoreceptors that lead to enhancing the postural stability on an unstable surface. The foam-based balance training helps to effectively improve balance; however, the height and type of foam used for the treatment and assessment purpose varies, and the suitable height of foam required for balance training is still unexplored. Hence, the study aims to determine the efficacy of various heights of medium-density foam for balance training in community-dwelling older adults.MethodsForty older adults ranged between 60 to 75 years were randomly chosen and divided into intervention and control groups. Both the group practiced balance training on a firm surface for 2 weeks and later intervention group received foam-based balance training on either 1″, 2″, and 3″ medium-density foam. The balance and fear of fall were measured using Mini-BesTest Scale (MBS) and Fall Efficacy Scale-I (FES-I) respectively. Furthermore, the MBS and FES-I scores were recorded on the pre-, post-2 weeks, and post-6 weeks of foam-based balance training.ResultsThe MBS and FES-I show a statistically significant difference (<0.05) in pre- and post-interventions and control groups. The components of MBS merely show a significant difference in effect size in the intervention group, and it indicates poor clinical relevance in using a specific height of foam for balance training in older adults. However, within group analysis, the 3″-inch medium-density foam shows the medium effect size (>0.5) in all components of MBS as compared to other groups.ConclusionThe specific height of foam used for foam-based balance training does not effectively differ the clinical decision-making in planning rehabilitation; rather, a long duration of balance training helps to improve balance in older adults.
Distinguishing relapse from antidepressant withdrawal: clinical practice and antidepressant discontinuation studies
Authors: Horowitz Mark Abie , Taylor David 
Published: April 2022

SUMMARYWe now recognise that withdrawal symptoms from antidepressants are common, and can be severe and long-lasting in some people. Many withdrawal symptoms overlap with symptoms of anxiety or depression, making it difficult to distinguish withdrawal from relapse. We describe how their onset soon after dose reduction, the association of psychological with physical symptoms, their prompt response to reinstatement, and their typical ‘wave’ pattern of onset, peak and resolution can help distinguish withdrawal symptoms from relapse. We also examine evidence that suggests that antidepressant withdrawal symptoms are misdiagnosed as relapse in discontinuation studies aimed at demonstrating the ability of antidepressants to prevent future relapse (relapse prevention properties). In these discontinuation studies people have their antidepressants stopped abruptly, or rapidly, making withdrawal symptoms very likely, and little effort is made to measure withdrawal symptoms or distinguish them from relapse. We conclude that there is currently no robust evidence for the relapse prevention properties of antidepressants, and current guidance might need to be re-evaluated.
Randomized Phase II Study of Nivolumab With or Without Ipilimumab Combined With Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy for Refractory Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer (CheckPAC)
Authors: Chen Inna M. , Johansen Julia S. , Theile Susann , Hjaltelin Jessica X. , Novitski Sif I. , Brunak Søren , Hasselby Jane P. , Willemoe Gro L. , Lorentzen Torben , Madsen Kasper , Jensen Benny V. , Wilken Eva E. , Geertsen Poul , Behrens Claus , Nolsoe Christian , Hermann Kirstine L. , Svane Inge Marie , Nielsen Dorte 
Published: April 2022

PURPOSE To evaluate the clinical benefit of nivolumab with or without ipilimumab in combination with stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) in patients with refractory metastatic pancreatic cancer (mPC). METHODS Between November 2016 and December 2019, patients with refractory mPC were randomly assigned 1:1 to SBRT of 15 Gy with nivolumab or nivolumab/ipilimumab stratified by performance status (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02866383 ). The primary end point was the clinical benefit rate (CBR), defined as the percentage of patients with complete or partial response (PR) or stable disease, according to RECIST 1.1. Simon's 2-stage phase II optimal design was used independently for both arms, with CBR determining expansion to the second stage. Secondary end points included safety, response rate, duration of response, progression-free survival, and overall survival. Exploratory analyses included biomarkers related to the benefits. RESULTS Eighty-four patients (41 SBRT/nivolumab and 43 SBRT/nivolumab/ipilimumab) received at least one dose of study treatment. CBR was 17.1% (8.0 to 30.6) for patients receiving SBRT/nivolumab and 37.2% (24.0 to 52.1) for SBRT/nivolumab/ipilimumab. PR was observed in one patient receiving SBRT/nivolumab and lasted for 4.6 months. Six patients receiving SBRT/nivolumab/ipilimumab achieved a PR with a median duration of response of 5.4 months (4.2 to not reached). Grade 3 or higher treatment-related adverse events occurred in 10 (24.4%) and 13 (30.2%) patients in the SBRT/nivolumab and SBRT/nivolumab/ipilimumab groups, respectively. Programmed cell death ligand-1 expression by tumor proportion score or combined positivity score of ≥ 1% was not associated with clinical benefits. On-treatment decreased serum interleukin-6, interleukin-8, and C-reactive protein levels were associated with better overall survival. CONCLUSION Clinically meaningful antitumor activity and favorable safety profiles were demonstrated after treatment with SBRT/nivolumab/ipilimumab in patients with refractory mPC. However, the contribution from SBRT is unknown. Further studies are warranted.
Periodic orbit evaluation of a spectral statistic of quantum graphs without the semiclassical limit
Authors: Harrison J. M. , Hudgins T. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Energy level statistics of quantized chaotic systems have been evaluated in the semiclassical limit via their periodic orbits using the Gutzwiller and related trace formulae. Here we evaluate a spectral statistic of chaotic 4-regular quantum graphs from their periodic orbits without the semiclassical limit. The variance of the n-th coefficient of the characteristic polynomial is determined by the sizes of the sets of distinct primitive periodic orbits with n bonds which have no self-intersections, and the sizes of the sets with a given number of self-intersections which all consist of two sections of the pseudo orbit crossing at a single vertex. Using this result we observe the mechanism that connects semiclassical results to the total number of orbits regardless of their structure.
“That Vast Quantity of Laudanum I Have Been Known to Take”
Authors: Breen Benjamin 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAn impostor who claimed to be a refugee from Formosa (present-day Taiwan) named George Psalmanazar (1679?–1763) embodied two key aspects of addiction in eighteenth-century Europe: its connections to globalization and imperialism, and the complex interplay between the concept of “positive” addictions (such as addiction to study, devotion, or duty) and the growing attention paid to “negative” ones (addiction to superstition, sexuality, or intoxicating substances). Constantly changing his identity in response to his audience’s expectations, Psalmanazar lived a life of continual performance—performance that hinged on trading one set of addictions for another. As he abandoned his falsified persona as an opiate-addicted, sexually licentious Taiwanese aristocrat, Psalmanazar embraced a postimposture persona as a pious scholar of religion who, like the holy men he studied, was “addicted to the reading . . . [of] sacred writings.” Strikingly, however, this second life as a humble scholar was sustained by regular opiate use. What had changed was how Psalmanazar thought about his use of the drug: no longer in the service of “vanity” or “extravagance” but instead in the service of God. With their blend of introspection and self-deception, Psalmanazar’s Memoirs (1764) index the changing social and cultural roles of opiates and the concept of addiction in eighteenth-century Europe and beyond.
A Primer for Rebellion
Authors: Chattopadhyaya Utathya 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis essay explores how the British imperial archive of cannabis addiction in the mid-nineteenth century was shaped by ideas of religious devotion, ordinary leisure, and anxieties arising from revolt and rebellion. It asks how cannabis was discursively constituted as ubiquitous in India and subsequently cast as a conduit to anti-imperial violence in narratives of imperial counterinsurgency. In colonial India, British imperial strategies of knowing the plant’s intoxicating power indexed together several devotional and laboring bodies, among whom the figure of the Indian rebel occupied a unique globally legible location. Revisiting the popular reportage and writing on the Indian Rebellion, this essay argues that cannabis was materialized through the rebel’s body as the rationale for victory, loss, and disorder to ultimately inform and reveal how the reproduction of race and gender shaped the insurgent and counterinsurgent logic of cannabis use under empire.
Ante-Oedipus
Authors: Dillon Elizabeth Maddock 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis article argues that Freud’s account of binary sexual difference, articulated in the Oedipus complex, is conditioned by a history of racial capitalism. Turning to the foundational work of Hortense Spillers on gender and Atlantic race slavery, this article proposes that dominant models of binary gender are ineluctably racialized, created by the property regimes and systemic sexual violence of colonial modernity that emerged in the Atlantic World of the eighteenth century—a space defined by the structures of labor, race, sexuality, and capital accumulation that developed in and around the first factories of the modern world, namely, the sugar plantations of the colonial Caribbean. The article links Freud’s own economic and intellectual history to the production of capital and the theft of land and labor in the Caribbean by way of the central European trade in textiles and global cotton production. Examining a series of family portraits, the article locates the eclipsed yet central force of Black women’s productive and socially reproductive work extracted for the creation of white, heteropatriarchal reproduction and property accumulation.
In the Interest of History
Authors: Cavitch Max 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Psychoanalysis is often wrongly perceived to be uninterested in history. Yet, as the most comprehensive and sophisticated basis for the exploration of human consciousness, the field of psychoanalysis, from its inception to the present, has continued to offer unprecedented insights into how we perceive, record, and share the complexities of temporality. The aim of this article is to demonstrate, with the help of various works by Walter Benjamin—works in which his attunement with psychoanalytic concepts is of special interest—that all historical writing must yield, in one way or another, to the post-Freudian description of the unconscious and its role in elaborating historians’ interest in the historical as such.
Paranoid Publics
Authors: Chaudhary Zahid R. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This article takes up the recent insurrection in Washington, DC, and the paranoid politics of QAnon. It analyzes the gamification of paranoia across QAnon and related paranoid publics. Taking seriously Sigmund Freud’s insight that delusional formations are attempts at recovery, this article reads QAnon as a part of a symptomatology of the social world.
Accelerated atherosclerosis in rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review
Authors: Raj Rhea , Thomas Sneha , Gorantla Vasavi 
Published: April 2022

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a highly prevalent, chronic inflammatory condition of the synovial joints that affects approximately 1% of the global population. The pathogenesis of RA is predominantly inflammatory in nature, thereby accelerating the co-occurrence of other immunoinflammatory conditions such as atherosclerosis. Apart from traditional cardiovascular risk factors, RA patients possess a multitude of other factors that predispose them to early atherosclerotic disease. The aim of this systematic review is to assess the prevalence of premature atherosclerosis in RA patients and elucidate the role that proinflammatory cytokines, neutrophil extracellular traps, RA-related autoantibodies, and endothelial dysfunction play in the pathophysiology of RA-mediated atherosclerosis. We also discussed novel biomarkers that can be used to predict early atherosclerosis in RA. Methods: This review followed the PRISMA guidelines to select and analyze relevant articles. A literature search for articles was performed on February 25, 2022, through three research databases including PubMed, ProQuest, and ScienceDirect. The query used to identify relevant publications was “Rheumatoid arthritis and atherosclerosis” and the search duration was set from 2011-2022. Relevant articles were selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: Our initial search generated 21,235 articles. We narrowed our search according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. After assessing eligibility based on the full content of the articles, 73 articles were ultimately chosen for this review. Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of accelerated atherosclerosis among RA patients. We found evidence to explain the role of proinflammatory cytokines, neutrophil extracellular traps, RA-related autoantibodies, and endothelial dysfunction in the pathophysiology RA-mediated atherosclerosis. Therapies targeting either the inflammatory load or traditional CV risk-factors seem to improve vascular outcomes in RA patients. Novel markers of atherosclerosis in RA may be useful in predicting premature atherosclerosis and serve as new targets for therapeutic intervention.
Comorbidities and laboratory parameters associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection severity in patients from the southeast of Mexico: a cross-sectional study
Authors: De la Cruz-Cano Eduardo , Jiménez–González Cristina del C , Díaz-Gandarilla José A , López–Victorio Carlos J , Escobar-Ramírez Adelma , Uribe-López Sheila A , Huerta-García Elizabeth , Ayala-Sumuano Jorge-Tonatiuh , Morales-García Vicente , Gútierrez-López Liliana , González-Garrido José A 
Published: April 2022

Background. Severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the etiological agent of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Among the risk factors associated with the severity of this disease is the presence of several metabolic disorders. For this reason, the aim of this research was to identify the comorbidities and laboratory parameters among COVID-19 patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU), comparing the patients who required invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) with those who did not require IMV, in order to determine the clinical characteristics associated with the COVID-19 severity. Methods. We carried out a cross-sectional study among 152 patients who were admitted to the ICU from April 1st to July 31st, 2021, in whom the comorbidities and laboratory parameters associated with the SARS-CoV-2 infection severity were identified. The data of these patients was grouped into two main groups: “patients who required IMV” and “patients who did not require IMV”. The nonparametric Mann–Whitney U test for continuous data and the χ2 test for categorical data were used to compare the variables between both groups. Results. Of the 152 COVID-19 patients who were admitted to the ICU, 66 required IMV and 86 did not require IMV. Regarding the comorbidities found in these patients, a higher prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), hypertension and obesity was observed among patients who required IMV vs. those who did not require IMV (p<0.05). Concerning laboratory parameters, only glucose, Interleukin 6 (IL-6), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were significantly higher among patients who required IMV than in those who did not require IMV (p<0.05). Conclusion. This study performed in a Mexican population indicates that comorbidities such as: T2DM, hypertension and obesity, as well as elevated levels of glucose, IL-6, LDH and CRP are associated with the COVID-19 severity.
Poor power quality is a major barrier to providing optimal care in special neonatal care units (SNCU) in Central India
Authors: Messersmith Lisa J , Ladha Alyana , Kolhe Cherryl , Patel Archana , Summers James S , Rao Sowmya R , Das Prabir , Mohammady Marym , Conant Emily , Ramanathan Nithya , Hibberd Patricia L 
Published: April 2022

Background: Approximately 25% of all neonatal deaths worldwide occur in India. The Indian Government has established Special Neonatal Care Units (SNCUs) in district and sub-district level hospitals to reduce neonatal mortality, but mortality rates have stagnated. Reasons include lack of personnel and training and sub-optimal quality of care. The role of medical equipment is critical for the care of babies, but its role in improving neonatal outcomes has not been well studied. Methods: In a qualitative study, we conducted seven focus group discussions with SNCU nurses and pediatric residents and thirty-five key informant interviews and with pediatricians, residents, nurses, annual equipment maintenance contractors, equipment manufacturers, and Ministry of Health personnel in Maharashtra between December 2019 and November 2020. The goal of the study was to understand challenges to SNCU care. In this paper, we focus on current gaps and future needs for SNCU equipment, quality of the power supply, and use of SNCU equipment. Results: Respondents described a range of issues but highlighted poor power quality as an important cause of equipment malfunction. Other concerns were lack of timely repair that resulted in needed equipment being unavailable for neonatal care. Participants recommended procuring uninterrupted power supply (UPS) to protect equipment, improving quality/durability of equipment to withstand constant use, ensuring regular proactive maintenance for SNCU equipment, and conducting local power audits to discern and address the causes of power fluctuations. Conclusions: Poor power quality and its negative impact on equipment function are major unaddressed concerns of those responsible for the care and safety of babies in SNCUs in Central India. Further research on the power supply and protection of neonatal equipment is needed to determine a cost-effective way to improve access to supportive care in SNCUs and desired improvements in neonatal mortality rates.
Ultra-broadband high-efficiency circular polarization conversion and terahertz wavefront manipulation based on an all-metallic reflective metasurface
Authors: Wang Muchen , Cheng Yongzhi , Wu Ling 
Published: April 2022

In this paper, an all-metal metasurface (MS), which can achieve
high-efficient reflective circular-polarization conversion and
multifunctional terahertz (THz) wavefront manipulation in an
ultra-broadband frequency range, is proposed and investigated
theoretically. The proposed all-metal MS consists of the periodic
array of a gold vertical-split-ring (VSR) structure adhered on gold
substrate. Numerical simulation results indicate that the proposed MS
structure can convert the incident circular-polarization (CP) wave
into its orthogonal component after reflection with a conversion
coefficient over 95% from 0.8 to 1.65 THz (relative bandwidth of
68.3%). The full

2

π

phase shift of the proposed MS in
this frequency range can be obtained by changing the rotation angle of
the VSR structure along the wave propagation direction. As proof of
concept for the multifunctional wavefront manipulation, anomalous
reflection, reflective planar focusing, and vortex beam generation are
numerically demonstrated based on the Pancharatnam–Berry (PB) phase
principle. Our work can provide an effective method of enhancing the
performance of reflective-type all-metal MS and show endless potential
in wavefront manipulation and communication applications in THz and
even optical region.
One metal-ion-regulated AgTNPs etching sensor array for visual discrimination of multiple organic acids
Authors: He Miao , Li Jiawei , Zhao Dong , Ma Yi , Zhang Jing , Qiao Cailin , Li Zhihua , Huo Danqun , Hou Changjun 
Published: April 2022

The detection and discrimination of organic acids (OAs) is of great importance in the early diagnosis of specific diseases. In this study, we established an effective visual sensor array for the identification of OA. This is the first time, to our best knowledge, that metal ions were used to regulate the etching of silver triangular nanoprisms (AgTNPs) in an OA discrimination sensor array. The sensor array was based on the oxidation etching of AgTNPs by three metal ions (

M
n

2
+

,

P
b

2
+

, and

C
r

3
+

) and accelerated etching of AgTNPs by OA. The introduction of metal ions alone led to a slight wavelength shift of the AgTNPs colloid solution, signifying the incomplete etching of the AgTNPs. Nevertheless, when metal ions and OA were introduced simultaneously to the solution, a significant blueshift of the localized surface plasmon resonance peak was detected, and a color change of the AgTNPs was observed, which were the consequences of morphological transitions of the AgTNPs. The addition of different OA accelerated AgTNPs etching in varying degrees, generating diverse colorimetric response patterns (i.e., RGB variations) as “fingerprints” associated with each specific organic acid. Pattern recognition algorithms and neural network simulation were employed to further data analysis, indicating the outstanding discrimination capability of the provided array for eight OA at the 33 µM level. Moreover, excellent results of selective experiments as well as real samples tests demonstrate that our proposed method possesses great potential for practical applications.