bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Swallowed nail perforating the anterior surface of the stomach and penetrating the abdominal wall from the insideCase report
Authors: TAHA Ahmed 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Foreign body ingestion is a problem generally found in children, some psychological diseases, and people with mental retardation. In most cases, they pass through the gastrointestinal tract, come out with faeces and rarely cause infection, local reaction, migration, or perforation. A CT scan is the ideal choice for complicated cases diagnosis. We report a case of a pointed rusty nail, perforating the stomach from inside, passing through the skin of the abdomen, outward from the left upper quadrant, and successfully extracted by open surgery in a patient with mental retardation. We recommend that we can care for those with mental retardation or who have foreign body ingestion habits by checking them regularly.
Comparison of an innovative endoscopic posterior/transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion technique and a minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion technique in the treatment of lumbar spinal stenosis: a retrospective analysis
Authors: du shiyang , liu wei , xu bin , yang lin , zhao xiaolong , huang mi , li yarong , feng jing 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
BACKGROUND
This study aimed to investigate and compare the clinical efficacy of an innovative endoscopic posterior/transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (Endo-P/TLIF) technique and a minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MIS-TLIF) technique in the treatment of lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS).
METHODS
A retrospective analysis was conducted on 45 patients who underwent Endo-P/TLIF (n = 22)(Group A) and MIS-TLIF (n = 23) ༈Group B༉for single-segment LSS between October 2018 and July 2020. The age, sex, and surgical levels between both groups were comparative. Operation time, intraoperative blood loss, wound length, postoperative wound drainage flow, and postoperative time spent bedbound were recorded. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was evaluated preoperatively and 1 year postoperatively to assess the injury of the paravertebral muscles. Visual analog scale (VAS) and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) scores were evaluated 1 day preoperatively, and at 7 days, 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year postoperatively to compare the clinical efficacy of the two groups. Computed tomography (CT) scans were performed at 6 months postoperatively, and interbody fusion was evaluated using the Bridwell criterion.
RESULTS
The operation time for group A (158.3 ± 32.5) was longer than that for group B (121.3 ± 27.6, P < 0.05). Intraoperative blood loss, surgical incision length, postoperative drainage volume, and postoperative time spent bedbound for group A were significantly lower than those for group B (P < 0.05). The transversal areas of the paravertebral muscles for group A were significantly larger than those for group B (P < 0.05). VAS and ODI scores for lumbar and leg pain in both groups were significantly decreased after surgery. However, scores in group A were significantly lower than in group B at 1 week and 3 months after surgery (P < 0.05); however, no significant difference was noted in scores at 6 months and 1 year postoperatively.
CONCLUSIONS
Both techniques have similar efficacy in the treatment of single-segment LSS; however, patients who received Endo-P/TLIF had less postoperative paravertebral muscle injury, reduced low back pain, and a quicker recovery.
Use SRWR algorithm and network pharmacology to predicting the mechanism of the action of Lithospermum erythrorhizon Sieb on atopic dermatitis
Authors: Wang Tianyi , wang you , Zhao Linna , Zhang Bingxin , zhao linna 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The application of network analysis algorithms promoted the development of network pharmacology. This study aimed to combine network pharmacology and signed random walk with restart (SRWR) to reveal the mechanism by which Lithospermum erythrorhizon Sieb (LES) exerts effects on atopic dermatitis (AD), and illustrate our approach and as a proof of principle for the method. We retrieved the compounds and targets of LES from TCMID and TCMSP and identified important compounds and targets by intersection analysis and PPI network. Then we firstly constructed a human genomic signaling network, which containing KEGG signaling network(including proteins/genes, interactions and signaling pathways in KEGG database), and STRING database(covers of the correlation scores between genes), and ran SRWR and KEGG based on this network, we got the conclusion that the active LES-derived compounds caffeic acid, Isovaleric acid, Arnebinol and Alannan may inhibite PTGS2, HSP90AA1, MAPK14, which are critical mediators involved in PI3K-Akt pathway, Fc epsilon RI signaling pathway, VEGF signaling pathway, Calcium signaling pathway. The application of SRWR could obtain putative LES targets with a lower false-positive rate, and lead to a more reliable foundation and a more suitable TCM herb study. more verification will further illustrate the advantage of this approach in the study of TCM herb.
Possible existence of dark matter admixed pulsar in the Disk region of the Milky Way galaxy
Authors: Rahman Nilofar , Murshid Masum , Molla Sajahan , Kalam Mehedi 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In our previous study (Eur Phys J Plus135:362, 2020 & Eur Phys J Plus 135:637, 2020), we have discussed about the possible existence of the dark matter admixed pulsars, located in dwarf as well as in massive spiral galaxies(based on Singular Isothermal Sphere dark matter density profile) and in Milky Way galaxy (based on Universal Rotational Curve dark matter density profile). In this article, we use the Navarro-Frenk-White(NFW) dark matter density profile to get analogous results for the pulsars in the Disk region of the Milky Way galaxy. These findings may be treated as a useful complements to the previous findings. We conclude from our findings that there is a notable possibility of the presence of dark matter admixed pulsars in all the region of the galaxies.
Characterization of L-arabinose/D-galactose 1-dehydrogenase from Thermotoga maritima and its application in galactonate production
Authors: mengke xue , Feng Sizhong , Xie Fang , Zhao Hongyang , Xue Yemin 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The first hyperthermophilic L-arabinose/D-galactose 1-dehydrogenase (TmAraDH) from Thermotoga maritima was heterologously purified from Escherichia coli. It belongs to the Gfo/Idh/MocA protein family with NAD+/NADP+ as a cofactor. The purified enzyme exhibited maximum activity toward L-arabinose at 75°C and pH 8.0, and retained 63.7% of its activity after 24 h at 60°C, and over 60% of its activity after holding a pH ranging from 7.0 to 9.0 for 1 h. Among all tested substrates, the purified TmAraDH had highest specific activity towards L-arabinose, D-galactose and D-fucose. The catalytic efficiency (kcat/Km) towards L-arabinose and D-galactose was 123.85, 179.26 min− 1mM− 1 for NAD+, and 56.06, 18.19 min− 1mM− 1 for NADP+, respectively, and those for NAD+ and NADP+ were 374.64 and 2001.64 min− 1mM− 1 using D-galactose, and 227.98 and 2661.27 min− 1mM− 1 using L-arabinose, respectively. TmAraDH exhibited complete conversion in 12 h at 70oC to D-galactonate with 5 mM D-galactose. Modelling provides structural insights into the cofactor and substrate recognition specificity. Our results suggest that TmAraDH have great potential for the conversion of L-arabinose and D-galactose into rare sugar acids.
A qualitative assessment of mothers' perceptions and behaviors in response to an intervention designed to encourage safe child feces management practices in rural Odisha, India
Authors: Williams Rebekah N. , Sclar Gloria D. , Routray Parimita , Majorin Fiona , Blais Linelle , Caruso Bethany A. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Child feces are not always safely disposed of into a latrine, potentially contributing to fecal exposure in the household environment. In India, safe disposal of child feces is a relatively uncommon practice despite gains in latrine coverage. This study took place after the delivery of a behavior change intervention that also included the provision of potties and scoops. The aims of this research were to (1) describe current child feces management (CFM) practices, (2) explore perceptions and behaviors of mothers who participated in intervention activities, and (3) assess the spillover of intervention activities in neighboring villages. Twenty-four in-depth interviews and four focus group discussions were conducted across six villages, three of which received the intervention. Using thematic analysis, we explored caregivers' descriptions of the different strategies to manage their child's feces. The study found (i) women's access to and perception of the intervention informed their knowledge, attitudes, perceived risk, and behaviors related to CFM, (ii) most women positively perceived the messages of the intervention with varying use of the tools provided for feces disposal, and (iii) there was no spillover in the neighboring villages. Our findings underscore that CFM practices must be addressed to reduce fecal contamination of the environment.
Development of current condition assessment and target definition model for water balance practices in sustainable water loss management
Authors: Bozkurt Cansu , Firat Mahmut , Yilmaz Salih , Ateş Abdullah 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In water distribution systems, water losses should be defined accurately and systematically. The water balance method is one of the most basic analyzes applied in water loss management. In this study, a new method was proposed to evaluate the data quality of water balance components and application levels of water balance practices by considering a total of 27 components. The developed model was applied in 4 pilot water administrations in Turkey. The weaknesses and strengths in water balance practices were determined by considering scoring in accordance with the dynamic structure of each administration. The quality of basic data measurement components and application levels of water balance practices were found to be at a good level in Administrations II and IV, at a poor level in Administration I, and at an average level in Administration III. Moreover, quality of water balance analysis and performance monitoring practices are at a good level in Administrations II and IV, and at a poor level in Administrations I and II. Thus the components that need improvement in each administration were identified and an improvement process was suggested. It is thought that this model will make a significant contribution to the testing of current application levels of water loss management components for practitioners and decision makers.
Potential impacts of climate change on groundwater levels in Golpayegan Plain, Iran
Authors: Moghaddasi Mahnoosh , Ghaleni Mehdi Mohammadi , Akbari Mahmood , Salari Sedigheh 
Published: April 2022

AbstractGroundwater level forecasting is an essential priority for planning and managing groundwater resources. This study aims to investigate the effect of climate change on the monthly groundwater level in the Golpayegan aquifer in the future (2017–2032). After a spatio-temporal analysis, the Least Squares Support Vector Regression (LSSVR) model was used to simulate the monthly groundwater level in the historical period (2002–2017). The input data included precipitation, temperature, pan evaporation, soil moisture (from the ESA CCA SM product), and groundwater level in observation wells on a monthly time-scale. Future climatic data were downloaded from the CanEsm5 model of CMIP6 for the SSP1-2.6 and SSP5-8.5 climate scenarios and then downscaled using the Change Factor Approach (CFA). The spatial analysis of groundwater levels indicated four different behaviors in the observation wells in the Golpayegan aquifer, resulting in four different clusters using the AGNES clustering method. Historical and future period modeling were performed separately for each of the four observation wells from each cluster. The modeling in the historical period demonstrated an average of NRMSE (0.09), MBE (0.030), and R2 (0.94) for the four clusters. The groundwater level in all clusters showed a decreasing trend in the future period, with SSP5-8.5 (average: 3.9 cm/month) showing a greater decrease than the SSP1-2.6 (average: 0.5 cm/month) scenario. The decline in groundwater level under SSP5-8.5 compared with SSP1-2.6 was more, respectively, 4.8, 5.8, 9.9 and 3.7 metres for clusters 1–4. The results indicate the acceptable efficiency and accuracy of the LSSVR model results in evaluating the effects of climate change on groundwater levels.
Relationships between guilt and forgiveness in university students
Authors: MALAKCIOĞLU Cem 
Published: April 2022

Aim: Guilt is defined as a self-conscious emotion generated from negative attributions of own behaviors. It is observed that people with guilt are less forgiving. There are different types of forgiveness. Guilt is expected to have a stronger effect on self-forgiveness than forgiving others and situations. This study aimed to investigate the relationships between guilt and different types of forgiveness in a group of university students.Methods: This research is in the correlational survey model. Research data was collected from 604 university students from Turkey in 2018. After confirming that the assumptions were adequately met, the relationships were examined through Pearson correlations and path (linear regression) analyses.Results: All variables were significantly correlated at the 0.01 statistical significance level. It was seen that the feeling of guilt predicted forgiveness and all sub-dimensions of forgiveness at a statistically significant level (p&lt;0.01) but in the opposite direction. Thus, guilt strongly and adversely predicts forgiveness.Conclusion: Forgiveness is an important protective factor in increasing psychological resilience. Guilt stands out as an important risk factor for forgiveness. The most striking finding is that self-forgiveness is lower in individuals with a high sense of guilt. For this reason; as people’s sense of guilt decreases, it will be easier for them to forgive themselves. It is recommended that people who have difficulty in forgiving express their feelings of guilt as their other emotions in psychotherapy and psychological counseling sessions to help them relax and support their emotion regulation skills.
Discurso de Herbert Marcuse e Angela Davis na Universidade da Califórnia, Berkeley, em 1969
Authors: Proença Fernanda 
Published: April 2022

Em 24 de outubro de 1969, Herbert Marcuse e Angela Davis proferiram discursos para uma multidão de estudantes na Universidade da Califórnia, em Berkeley, durante manifestação ocorrida em resposta à demissão de Davis e subsequente revogação da decisão pela corte. A filósofa fazia parte do corpo docente da universidade como professora assistente de filosofia e perdeu seu cargo devido à associação com o partido comunista americano e com os Panteras Negras. Marcuse acusa os Estados Unidos de utilizar as noções de prosperidade e segurança como justificativa para a opressão e escravização de grupos e indivíduos. Em seguida, Angela Davis discute o emprego equivocado do conceito de liberdade acadêmica e suas implicações políticas, bem como a necessidade de engajamento real da comunidade acadêmica na luta por mudanças sociais. O presente documento apresenta a transcrição desses discursos e sua tradução para o português.
Herbal Compounds as an Antidote Against Snake Bite
Authors: Dagar Priya , Mishra Abha 
Published: April 2022

Abstract:
Snakebites have been declared a neglected health problem that is considered a national disease by the
WHO (world health organisation). Asian countries like India have high snakebite death rates due to short antidotes
and poorly equipped doctors. In today's scenario, local resources like herbs need to be used to prepare
cheap antidotes and are often available to victims. Snake bites should be viewed as an emergency problem and
require additional national guidelines, doctor training, expertise, and human concentration for effective and
timely treatment-measures to be taken to ensure the availability and mass production of antidotes. Currently
available, antidotes have problems with storage, manufacture, and aspects of the results. Attention should be
paid to the natural compound Gedunin with antitoxic effects. To determine Gedunin's therapeutic efficacy,
well-designed clinical research is required. This article emphasizes and proves the therapeutic effectiveness of
the herbal plant active ingredient Gedunin against snakebites.
Super Base Derived Ionic Liquids: A Useful Tool in Organic Synthesis
Authors: Chatterjee Rana , Bhukta Swadhapriya , Dandela Rambabu 
Published: April 2022

Abstract:
Over the last few decades, ionic liquids have been raised as a great appliance to
pursue many organic transformations. In the present research, the synthetic application of
ILs has emerged largely as solvents, additives, or catalysts. With the developing commercial
methods, task-specific ionic liquids have been constructed by appointing guanidine, amidine
and other superbasic cations. By the nature of the cation or the anion, the properties of the
ionic liquids can be adjusted. In this regard, superbasic ionic liquids have been derived from
both acyclic and cyclic guanidine or amidine derivatives. In particular, some common super
bases such as 1,1,3,3-tetramethylguanidine (TMG), 1,5,7-triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene
(TBD), 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU), 1,5-diazabicyclo[4.3.0]non-5-ene
(DBN), are used to design these special type of ionic liquids. These superbasic ionic liquids
have shown a potential activity to accelerate many organic transformations including alcoholysis, esterification,
multi-component reaction, Knoevenagel reaction, Michael addition, cyclization, etc. Additionally, because of
their novel properties including high liquid range, nonvolatility, high thermal and chemical stability, these classic
ionic liquids have a potential environmental impact and they are often found to play a promising role in the field
of catalysis, electrochemistry, spectroscopy, and materials science. Not only that, the application of superionic
liquids has been widely spread in the industrial and research area, especially, for the chemical transformation of
CO2. This review aims to portray an outlook on the organic syntheses that have been promoted by superionic liquids
in the last five years.
The Effect of Gut Microbe Dysbiosis on the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and Related Conditions
Authors: Nafady Mohamed H. , Sayed Zeinab S. , Abdelkawy Dalia A. , Shebl Mostafa E. , Elsayed Reem A. , Ashraf Ghulam Md , Perveen Asma , Attia Mohamed S. , Bahbah Eshak I. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract:It has been hypothesized that the shift in gut microbiota composition, known as gut microbe dysbiosis, may be correlated with the onset of Alzheimer's disease (AD), which is the most common cause of dementia characterized by a gradual deterioration in cognitive function associated with the development of amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaques. The gut microbiota dysbiosis induces the release of significant amounts of amyloids, lipopolysaccharides, and neurotoxins, which might play a role in modulating signaling pathways and immune activation, leading to the production of proinflammatory cytokines related to the pathogenesis of AD. The dysbiosis of gut microbe is associated with various diseases such as type 2 diabetes, obesity, hypertension, and some neuropsychiatric disorders like depression, anxiety, and stress. It is conceivable that these diseases trigger the onset of AD. Thus, modifying the gut microbiota composition with probiotic and prebiotic supplementation can reduce depression and anxiety symptoms, lower stress reactivity, and improve memory. This narrative review aimed to examine the possible role of gut microbe dysbiosis in AD's pathogenesis.
Hepatitis C Virus Exposure and Infection in the Perinatal Period
Authors: Gomez-Duarte Oscar G. , Varol Mine , Licka Dieye Ndeye , Zang Michael , Handa Deepali , C. Zorich Shauna , Millen Amy E. 
Published: April 2022

Background::
Hepatitis C virus infection is a leading cause of blood-borne hepatitis disease
worldwide. Hepatitis C is a silent liver disease that, without treatment, leads to late-onset complications,
including chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma, in 10-40% of
patients.

Objective::
This study aimed to review the epidemiology, clinical features, diagnosis, treatment, and
prevention of hepatitis C among perinatally exposed children.

Methods::
Public databases, including MEDLINE and PubMed, and websites from the Centers for
Disease Control and Prevention, the Food and Drug Administration, the World Health Organization,
and the National Institutes of Health were searched for relevant articles published between 2006 and
2021.

Results::
The prevalence of hepatitis C has increased among women of childbearing age in the United
States and is associated with risk factors, such as intravenous drug use, health inequities, and low
socioeconomic background. Infants born to hepatitis C virus-infected mothers have a 6% risk of
vertical transmission, and among those infected, 75% will develop chronic hepatitis C and late
complications. However, hepatitis C-exposed infants are frequently lost to follow-up, and those infected
have delayed diagnosis and treatment and are at high risk for late-onset complications. Direct-
acting antivirals and the establishment of effective treatment guidelines cure hepatitis C virus
infections.

Conclusion::
Hepatitis C predominantly affects underserved communities. Early screening of mothers
and infants is critical for the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of chronic infections and lateonset
complications. New policies are needed to address hepatitis C health care inequities affecting
mothers and infants in the United States.