bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Airway to Lung Volume Ratio on CT is Associated with Pulmonary Function Transition from Obstructive to Restrictive Pattern in Obesity
Authors: Yu Xin , Zhang Ming-Hui , Huang Yan-Hao , Deng Yu , Feng You-Zhen , Gu Yun , Cai Xiang-Ran 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: Obesity is associated with excessive airway collapse and reduced lung volume; it is unknown whether it affects airway-lung interactions. We sought to compare the airway tree to lung volume ratio, assessed by CT, in obese individuals with and without ventilation disorders.Methods: Participants underwent inspiratory chest CT and pulmonary function. The percentage ratio of the whole airway tree to lung volume, automatically segmented via deep learning, was defined as CT airway volume percent (AWV%). Total airway count (TAC), airway wall area percent (WA%), and other CT indexes were also measured. Results: We evaluated 88 participants including adolescents(age: 14-18, n= 12) and adults (age: 19-25, n= 17; age: 26-35, n= 39; age> 35, n= 20). Obese adolescents had higher forced vital capacity (FVC) (P = 0.001) and lower AWV% (P = 0.008) than obese adults (age >35). Among obese adults, participants with restrictive disorders had larger AWV% (P < 0.001) and those with obstructive disorders showed smaller AWV% (P < 0.001) compared to participants with normal ventilation. AWV% was positively correlated with age and forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1)/FVC and adversely related to FVC (P< 0.05 for all), and in multivariate models, AWV% independently predicted FEV1/FVC (R2 = 0.49, P < 0.001) and FVC (R2 = 0.60, P < 0.001).Conclusion: Transitions in lung function patterns between obese adolescents and adults are associated with airway to lung ratios. The obesity-induced disproportion between the airway tree and lung volume may adversely affect and complicate lung ventilation.
Deciphering single- and multi-particle trapping dynamics under femtosecond pulsed excitation with simultaneous spatial and temporal resolution
Authors: Devi Anita , Yadav Sumit , De Arijit 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Recent theoretical and experimental studies have shed light on how optical trapping dynamics under femtosecond pulsed excitation are fine-tuned by optical and thermal nonlinearities. Here, we present experimental results of nonlinear optical trapping of single and multiple polystyrene beads (of 1 μm diameter). We show how integration and synchronization of bright-filed video microscopy with confocal detection of backscatter provide both spatial and temporal resolution required to capture intricate details of trapping dynamics. Such spatiotemporal detection is promising to have far-reaching applications in exploring controlled optical trapping and manipulations harnessed by optical and thermal nonlinearities.
Seismic Behaviour of High-rise Frame-core Tube Structures Considering Dynamic Soil-Structure Interaction
Authors: Zhang Xiaofeng , Far Harry 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
As the population grows and land prices rise, high-rise buildings are becoming more and more common and popular in urban cities. Traditional high-rise building design method generally assumes the structure is fixed at the base, because the influence of soil-structure interaction is considered to be beneficial to the response of structures under the earthquake excitation. However, recent earthquakes and studies indicated that SSI may exert detrimental effects on commonly used structural systems. In this study, a numerical soil-structure model is established in Abaqus software to explore the impacts of SSI on high-rise frame-core tube structures. The seismic response of frame-core tube structures with various structural heights, height-width ratios, foundation types and soil types is studied. The numerical simulation results including maximum lateral deflections, foundation rocking, inter-storey drifts and base shears of rigid and flexible base buildings are discussed and compared. The results reveal the lateral displacement and inter-storey drifts of the superstructure can be amplified when SSI is taking into account, while the base shears are not necessarily reduced. Increasing the stiffness of the foundation and the subsoil can generally increase the seismic demand of structures. It has been concluded that it is neither safe nor economical to consider only the beneficial effects of SSI or to ignore them in structural design practice.
Photovoltage Oscillations in Encapsulated Graphene
Authors: Iñarrea Jesús , Platero Gloria 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
We theoretically analyze the rise of photovoltage oscillations in hexagonal boron-nitride (h-BN) encapsulated monolayer graphene (h-BN/graphene/h-BN) when irradiated with terahertz radiation. We use an extension of the radiation-driven electron orbit model, successfully applied to study the oscillations obtained in irradiated magnetotransport of GaAs/AlGaAs heterostructures. The extension takes mainly into account that now the carriers are massive Dirac fermions. Our simulations reveal that the photovoltage in these graphene systems presents important oscillations similar to the ones of irradiated magnetoresistance in semiconductor platforms but in the terahertz range. We also obtain that these oscillations are clearly affected by the voltages applied to the sandwiched graphene: a vertical gate voltage between the two hBN layers and an external positive voltage applied to one of the sample sides. The former steers the carrier effective mass and the latter the photovoltage intensity and the oscillations amplitude. The frequency dependence of the photo-oscillations is also investigated.
Repositioning Doxycycline for treating Parkinson’s Disease: evidence from a pre-clinical mouse model
Authors: Vitola Pietro La , Artioli Luisa , Cerovic Milica , Poletto Cristian , Dacomo Letizia , Leva Susanna , Balducci Claudia , Forloni Gianluigi 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Parkinson’s disease remains orphan of valuable therapies capable to interfere with the disease pathogenesis despite the large number of symptomatic approaches adopted in clinical practice to manage this disease. Treatments simultaneously affecting α-synuclein (α-syn) oligomerization and neuroinflammation may counteract Parkinson’s disease. Recent data demonstrated that Doxycycline an antibiotic of the tetracycline class, can inhibit α-syn aggregation and exert anti-inflammatory activity. We herein investigate, for the first time, the potential therapeutic properties of Doxy in a human α-syn A53T transgenic Parkinson’s disease mouse model by the evaluation of behavioural, biochemical and histopathological parameters.
Methods
human α-syn A53T transgenic mice were treated with Doxycycline (10 mg/Kg daily ip) for 30 days, the effect of treatment on motor and cognitive behaviour impairment and daily live activity of mice were examined, successively immunocytochemical, electrophysiological and biochemical analysis of cerebral tissue was performed.
Results
Doxy treatment abolished cognitive and daily life activity deficiencies in A53T mice. The effect on cognitive functions was associated with neuroprotection, inhibition of α-syn oligomerization and gliosis both in the cortex and hippocampus. Doxy treatment restored hippocampal long-term potentiation in association with inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokines expression. Moreover, Doxy ameliorated motor impairment and reduced striatal glial activation in A53T mice.
Conclusions
Our findings promote Doxy as a valuable multi-target therapeutic approach counteracting both symptoms and neuropathology in the complex scenario of α-synucleinopathies
Valganciclovir as Add-on to Second Line Therapy in Patients with Recurrent Glioblastoma
Authors: Pantalone Mattia Russel , Rahbar Afsar , Söderberg-Naucler Cecilia , Stragliotto Giuseppe 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
IntroductionGlioblastoma invariably recurs despite aggressive and multimodal first line treatment and no standardized second line therapy exists. We previously reported that treatment with the antiviral drug valganciclovir as an add-on to standard therapy significantly prolonged overall survival in 102 patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma. Here we present the results of retrospective survival analyses including patients with glioblastoma that initiated valganciclovir therapy after recurrence. MethodsBetween April 13, 2007 and March 31, 2021, 29 patients with recurrent glioblastoma received valganciclovir as an add-on to second line therapy. Contemporary controls were 111 patients with glioblastoma who received similar second line therapy at our institution. We retrospectively analyzed survival data of these patients. ResultsPatients with recurrent glioblastoma who received valganciclovir had longer median overall survival after recurrence than controls (12.1 vs 7.4 months, respectively, p=0.0017). The drug was well tolerated. Both patients who underwent re-operation and patients that were not re-operated after recurrence benefitted significantly from valganciclovir therapy. Valganciclovir prolonged survival after recurrence both in patients with an unmethylated or methylated MGMT promoter gene. ConclusionValganciclovir was safe to use and prolonged median survival after recurrence of patients with recurrent glioblastoma, re-operated or not after recurrence and with methylated or unmethylated MGMT promoter gene.
Tactile Stimulation in Adult Rats Modulates Dopaminergic Molecular Parameters in the Nucleus Accumbens Preventing Amphetamine Relapse.
Authors: Rossato Domênika Rubert , Rosa Higor Zuchetto , Rosa Jéssica Leandra Oliveira , Milanesi Laura Hautrive , Metz Vinícia Garzella , D'Ávila Lívia , ME Burger Escobar 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Amphetamine (AMPH) is a psychostimulant drug frequently related to addiction, which is characterized by functional and molecular changes in the brain reward system, favoring relapse development and pharmacotherapies have shown low effectiveness. Considering the beneficial influences of tactile stimulation (TS) in different diseases that affect the central nervous system (CNS), here we evaluated if TS applied in adult rats could prevent or minimize the AMPH-relapse behavior also accessing molecular neuroadaptations in the Nucleus accumbens (NAc). Following AMPH conditioning in the conditioned place preference (CPP) paradigm, male rats were submitted to TS (15-min session, 3 times a day, for 8 days) during the drug abstinence period, which were re-exposed to the drug in the CPP paradigm for additional 3 days for relapse observation and molecular assessment. Our findings showed that besides AMPH relapse; TS prevented the dopamine transporter (DAT), dopamine 1 receptor (D1R), tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), mu opioid receptor (MOR) increase and AMPH-induced delta FosB (ΔFosB). Based on these outcomes, we propose TS as a useful tool to treat psychostimulant addiction, which subsequent to clinical studies; it could be included in detoxification programs together with pharmacotherapies and psychological treatments already conventionally established.
Electronic thermodynamics part 1: Thermo-electromechanical system modeling, instrumentation, and simulation
Authors: Morgado-González Irving , Cobos-Murcia Jose Angel , Marquez-Vera Marco Antonio , Dominguez-Ramirez Omar Arturo 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This research proposes to obtain a mathematical model that describes the dynamic operation of a brushed DC motor, to obtain a state function considering the electrical, mechanical, and thermal effects of the DC motor. The dynamic evolution of the proposed function is evaluated by simulation using Matlab software, and by applying different values of the step type inputs for the brushed motor excitation employing pulse width modulation (PWM) to obtain a wide range of operations. Experimental results show that the developed state function, provides a reliable approximation to estimate the voltage, armature current, mechanical torque, and temperature of the brushed DC motor, showing an error percentage of 0.2%.
Effects on mammalian cell transcriptome reveal a plant extract's medicinal properties: Potential anti-COVID-19 and anti-cancer properties of Sarcopoterium spinosum
Authors: Gahramanov Valid , Oz Moria , Aouizerat Tzemach , Salmon-Divon Mali , Rosenzweig Tovit , Gorelick Jonathan , Drori Elyashiv , Sherman Michael Y. , Lubin Bat Chen. R. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Plants with medicinal properties are usually identified based on traditional medicine knowledge or using low-throughput screens for specific pharmacological activities. Here, we suggest a different approach to uncover a range of pharmacological activities of a chosen plant extract without the need for functional screening. This tactic predicts biological activities of a plant extract based on pathway analysis of transcriptome changes caused by the extract in mammalian cell culture. In this work, we identified transcriptome changes after exposure of cultured cells to an extract of the medicinal plant Sarcopoterium spinosum. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) confirmed known anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activities of the extract and predicted novel biological effects on oxidative phosphorylation and interferon pathways. Experimental validation of these pathways uncovered strong activation of autophagy, including mitophagy, and astounding protection from SARS-CoV-2 infection. Our study shows that gene expression analysis alone is insufficient for predicting biological effects since some of the changes reflect compensatory effects, and additional biochemical tests provide necessary corrections. In conclusion, this study defines the advantages and limitations of an approach towards predicting the biological and medicinal effects of plant extracts based on transcriptome changes caused by these extracts in mammalian cells.
Soil loss estimation and severity mapping using RUSLE model and GIS: a case study in Megech Watershed, Ethiopia
Authors: Getu Legese Abebaw , Nagy Attila , Addis Hailu Kendie 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
AbstractBackground: Soil erosion is the most serious problem that affects economic development, food security, and ecosystem services which is the main concern in Ethiopia. This study focused on quantifying soil erosion rate and severity mapping of the Megech watershed for effective planning and decision-making processes to implement protection measures. The RUSLE model integrated with ArcGIS software was used to conduct the present study. The six RUSLE model parameters: erosivity, erodibility, slope length and steepness, cover management, and erosion control practices were used as input parameters to predict the average annual soil loss and identify erosion hotspots in the watershed. Results: The RUSLE estimated 1,399,210 tons yr-1 total soil loss from the watershed with a mean annual soil loss of 32.84 tons ha-1yr-1. The soil erosion rate was varied from 0.08 to greater than 500 tons ha-1yr-1. A severity map with seven severity classes was created for 27 sub-watersheds: low (below 10), moderate (10-20), high (20-30), very high (30-35), severe (35-40), very severe (40-45) and extremely severe (above 45) in which the values are in tons ha-1yr-1. The area coverage was 6.5%, 11.1%, 8.7%, 22%, 30.9%, 13.4%, and 7.4% for low, moderate, high, very high, severe, very severe, and extremely severe erosion classes respectively. Conclusion: About 82 % of the watershed was found in more than the high-risk category which reflects the need for immediate land management action. This paper could be important for decision-makers to prioritize critical erosion hotspot areas for comprehensive and sustainable management of the watershed.
Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of Poultry Farmers on Antimicrobial Use, Resistance and Farm Hygiene Management in Bangladesh
Authors: Siddiky Nure Alam , Islam Shariful , Sarker Md Samun , Begum Ruhena , Samad Mohammed A. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The poultry farming is considered one of the hotspots for the use of antimicrobials. The knowledge, attitude and practices of poultry farmers are closely associated with the prudent use of antimicrobials in poultry farm practices. A cross sectional study was conducted among seventy-four commercial poultry farms using a pretested structured questionnaire survey to assess knowledge, attitude and practices of the poultry farmers regarding antimicrobial use, resistance and farm hygiene management. According to demographics, more farmers were secondary holders (29.72%), followed by higher secondary (22.97%) and illiterate (12.16%) with least number (13.51%) had training on antibiotics but no one had training on AMR. Farmers had sufficient knowledge about antibiotics (86.49%) but inadequate knowledge about antimicrobials (14.86%), AMR (51.35%), and animal and fish feed act (20.27%). The majority of farmers strongly agreed that AMR had a negative impact on production (40.54%), human health (36.49%), environment (33.78%) and economy (52.7%). Farm hygiene management revealed that most of them (90.54%) thrown the expired and leftover antibiotics in the open environments. Furthermore, the farm litter was managed diversely with 39.19% kept in open pit; 33.78% used in fish farm and 5.41% used for agricultural land. It was observed that the dead birds were disposed in a variety of ways, buried into ground (58.10%), thrown into field (9.45%), thrown into bush (6.75%), thrown into garbage (9.45%) and thrown in the water (13.51%). A significant higher association was found between the level of education and knowledge; level of education with farm practices such as choice of antibiotics, determining doses and duration of antibiotics, disposal of farm wastages, disposal of dead birds, farm biosecurity and vaccination coverage (p<0.05). Continuous education, hands-on training, awareness, and motivation of farmers along with good biosecurity, mass vaccination and proper hygienic measures can minimize the uses of antimicrobials in farm operations.
What impact have Covid-19 pandemic era on violence against women in India from January 2020 to December 2021- A Retrospective comparative research study
Authors: Kumar Piyush , Anupama Advocate 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
BackgroundThe safety of women is of significance and prime concern in India due to a huge female population, equity issues, gender issues, lack of positive deviance at community level, illiteracy, socio-economic factors, migration from rural to urban areas, inaccessibility to legal help and of course many more factors. The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic had presented a challenge even for developed nations around the world regarding women’s protection in the ongoing pandemic era & especially in the lockdown period when it’s really difficult to go out and shout for help. Aim and ObjectivesThe main aim of this research is to find out impact of SARS-CoV-2/Covid-19 Pandemic on violence against women in India across different states and union territories from the beginning of pandemic i.e. January 2020. The objective is to find out that the covid-19 era has a positive or negative impact over violence against women. Data from various accredited sources were continuously collected, observed and analysed for this research study.Settings & DesignThe month-wise and state-wise data indicating number of complaints registered with National Commission for Women in India(NCW) under different categories are presented in different table 1, 2, 3, 4,5,6,7,8 will be discussed and displayed. The period of study is from January 2018 to 2021 December. This is a retrospective cross-sectional continuous observational qualitative and quantitative as well as comparative study. The two years of covid-19 pandemic i.e. 2020 and 2021 is compared two previous two years to know the impact of covid-19 on violence against women in India.Materials & MethodologyThe data is collected from accredited and reliable sources of National commission for women, India as well as various other sources listed in this research study. The data obtained is analysed by using Microsoft Office software. To reduce the length of article the detailed description and analysis is not provided in this version.ResultIncrease in violence against women in India is seen in this covid-19 pandemic era as compared to pre-pandemic years under observation. See Figure 1 and figure 2:- comparison of number of cases of domestic violence and various forms of violence to know the impact of SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and lockdown situations in India. During the second year of pandemic i.e. 2021 the total numbers of Nature-Wise Report of the Complaints Received by NCW was 30865 which is an increase by 55.03 % compared to 2018 and 56.43 % as compared to 2019.ConclusionIndia should have various strategies to ensure safety of women and their mental health issues in such pandemic like situations. It seems that present laws and regulations are insufficient to give the desired results. The barriers of legal and protective system and delivery of helpful services etc. constraints should be rectified added with a proper dynamic plan to carry on usual women protection services even in pandemics and natural disasters.
A GPCR-based yeast biosensor for biomedical, biotechnological, and point-of-use cannabinoid determination
Authors: Miettinen Karel , Leelahakorn Nattawat , Almeida Aldo , Zhao Yong , Hansen Lukas , Nikolajsen Iben , Andersen Jens , Givskov Michael , Stærk Dan , Bak Søren , Kampranis Sotirios 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The decriminalization of cannabis and the growing interest in cannabinoids as therapeutics require efficient methods to discover novel compounds and monitor cannabinoid levels in human samples and products. However, current methods are limited by the structural diversity of the active compounds. Here, we construct a G-protein coupled receptor-based yeast whole-cell biosensor, optimize it to achieve high sensitivity and dynamic range, and prove its effectiveness in three real-life applications. First, we screen a library of compounds to discover two novel agonists and four antagonists and demonstrate that our biosensor can democratize GPCR drug discovery by enabling low-cost high-throughput analysis using open-source automation. Subsequently, we bioprospect 54 plants to discover a novel phytocannabinoid, dugesialactone. Finally, we develop a robust portable device, analyze body-fluid samples, and confidently detect illicit synthetic drugs like “Spice”/“K2”. Taking advantage of the extensive sensing repertoire of GPCRs, this technology can be extended to detect numerous other compounds.
Role of the habenulo-interpeduncular system in the neurodevelopmental basis of susceptibility and resilience to stressinduced anxiety
Authors: Rakotobe Malalaniaina , Fjerdingstad Niels , Ruiz-Reig Nuria , Lamonerie Thomas , D'Autréaux Fabien 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Experiencing stress during sensitive periods of brain development has a major impact on how individuals cope with later stress. Although many become more prone to develop anxiety or depression, some appear resilient. The mechanisms underlying these differences are unknown. Key answers may lie in how genetic and environmental stressors interact to shape the circuits controlling emotions. Here we studied the role of the habenulo-interpeducuncular system (HIPS), a critical node of reward circuits, in early stress-induced anxiety. We found that a subcircuit of this system, characterized by Otx2 expression, is particularly responsive to chronic stress during puberty, which induces HIPS hypersensitivity to later stress and susceptibility to develop anxiety. We further show that Otx2 deletion restricted to the HIPS counteracts these effects of stress.
Together, these results demonstrate that Otx2 and stress interact, around puberty, to shape the HIPS stress-response, revealed here as a key modulator of susceptibility/resilience to develop anxiety.