bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
STRUCTURING A SPECIAL PART CRIMINAL LAW (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE FRANCE CRIMINAL CODE)
Authors: Голенко Диана Викторовна 
Published: February 2022

Проанализировано построение Особенной части действующего Уголовного кодекса Франции. Рассмотрены структурные компоненты в их взаимосвязи. Осуществлено сравнение структурных единиц французского уголовного кодекса и действующего российского уголовного закона. Французский уголовный кодекс включает компоненты, непривычные для российского юриста (например, книги, отделы, подотделы, параграфы). Их число значительно превышает число структурных единиц в российском уголовном законе. Автор разбирает особенности и строение каждой структурной единицы. Обращено внимание, что Особенная часть во французском уголовном кодексе не выделена в качестве самостоятельного структурного компонента, но по содержанию к ней могут быть отнесены книги, начиная со II. Каждая из книг имеет свою структуру, внутреннюю нумерацию. При этом ни одна из книг, которые можно отнести к Особенной части, не содержит всего перечня структурных компонентов. Несмотря на кажущееся сходство в последовательности расположения статей о преступлениях (открывают Особенную часть французского уголовного закона также преступления против личности), содержание их отличается.
The structure of the Special Part of the current French Criminal Code has been analyzed. Structural components in their interconnection have been considered. The structural units of the French Criminal Code and the current Russian Criminal Law are compared. The French Criminal Code includes components that are unusual for a Russian lawyer (for example, books, departments, subsections, paragraphs Their number significantly exceeds the number of structural units in the Russian criminal law. The author examines the features and structure of each structural unit. It is drawn attention that the Special part in the French Criminal Code is not singled out as an independent structural component, but according to the content, books can be attributed to it. , starting with II. Each of the books has its own structure, internal numbering. Moreover, none of the books that can be attributed to the Special Part contains the entire list of structural components. crimes (they open a special part of the French criminal law also crimes against the person), their content is different.
SUBJECT AND LIMITS OF PROOF IN CRIMINAL CASE
Authors: Макеева Инна Владимировна 
Published: February 2022

Как известно, основным условием исследования преступлений органами предварительного расследования и судом выступает правильное определение предмета доказывания в рамках каждого отдельно взятого уголовного дела. В целом, можно заключить, что предмет доказывания является одним из исходных положений доказательственного права. Верное определение предмета доказывания и пределов доказывания обеспечивает полноту и всесторонность исследования обстоятельств дела. Поэтому так важно уметь выделить границы, в которых осуществляется собирание и оценка доказательств: это способствует упорядочению процесса сбора и оценки доказательств в достаточном объеме. В статье рассматриваются структура и содержание предмета доказывания, а также исследуются различные подходы к пониманию предмета и пределов доказывания.
It is known, the main condition for crimes investigation by the bodies of preliminary investigation and the court is the correct proof subject determination in each individual criminal case. In general, we can conclude that the subject of proof is one of the initial provisions of the law of evidence. Correct definition of the subject of proof and the limits of proof ensures a complete and comprehensive study of all the circumstances of the case. Therefore, it is so important to be able to identify the boundaries in which collection and assessment of evidence is carried out: this helps to streamline the process of collecting and evaluating evidence in a sufficient volume. The article examines the structure and content of the subject of proof, and also explores various approaches to understanding the subject and limits of proof.
INSTITUTE OF MEDIATION IN RUSSIA: MAIN PROBLEMS AND DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS
Authors: Любовенко Елена Сергеевна 
Published: February 2022

Раскрывается вопрос значимости для нашего государства процедуры медиации. Дается оценка существующим достижениям в сфере правового регулирования медиации и намеченным главой государства направлениям развития этого института. В целях объективности за основу был взят международный опыт, а также опыт Грузии как страны на постсовестком пространстве.
Reveals the question of the importance of the mediation procedure for our state. An assessment of the existing achievements in the field of legal regulation of mediation and the directions of development of this institution outlined by the head of state is given. For the sake of objectivity, international experience was taken as a basis, as well as the experience of Georgia as a country in the post-Soviet space.
Determination of the residual amounts of cefotaxime in liquid media using piezoelectric sensors
Authors: Zyablov A. N. , Shapovalova A. A. 
Published: February 2022

The goal of the study is to develop a piezoelectric sensor based on a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) for the determination of cefotaxime in liquid media. To obtain an antibiotic-selective sensor, the electrode surface of was modified with a molecularly imprinted polymer. A pre-polymerization mixture was prepared using a copolymer of 1,2,4,5-benzoltetracarboxylic acid and 4,4’-diaminodiphenyloxide, and an aqueous solution of cefotaxime in a ratio of 1:1. Then a two-stage thermoimidization was carried out in a drying cabinet at a temperatures of 80 and 120°C. After that, the sensor was cooled to room temperature and placed in distilled water for 24 h. An imprinting factor (IF = 40.9) and a selectivity coefficient were calculated to assess the ability of a sensor with MIP (cefotaxime) to recognize a template molecule. A low selectivity of a MIP sensor with the cefotaxime imprint to other cephalosporin antibiotics is revealed. The experiments were carried out on an original installation including a piezoelectric sensor, a portable generator, and an MP732 USB-frequency meter connected to a computer. Piezoelectric quartz resonators of AT-cut with silver electrodes with a diameter of 5 mm and a thickness of 0.3 mm with a nominal resonant frequency of 4.00 MHz were used as sensors. The determination of antibiotics in model solutions was carried out by the method of calibration schedule. The range of detectable concentrations (0.1 – 1.0 × 10–4 g/dm3) was experimentally determined. The detection limit of cefotaxime is 1.0 × 10–5 g/dm3. The correctness of the cefotaxime determination of in individual and binary model solutions was verified by the «spike-test». It has been shown that a sensor with MIP-cefotaxime is not sensitive to an extraneous antibiotic. The relative standard deviation does not exceed 10 %.
Perception and treatment of melancholy in the writings of Hildegard of Bingen (c. 1098-1179)
Authors: Sakalauskaitë-Juodeikienë Eglė 
Published: February 2022

Hildegard of Bingen (c. 1098-1179) was a medieval nun and an abbess, a mystic, a composer, a poet, an author of medical treatises, and one of the few women at the time who wrote both theological and scientific texts. In this paper, I analyze Hildegard’s book Liber subtilitatum diversarum naturarum creaturarum (Book of Subtleties of the Diverse Nature of Creatures), compiled around 1151-1158 and consisting of two books: Physica and Causae et curae. The aim of this study is to understand how the phenomenon of melancholy in its three meanings (as body fluid, character type, and a disease) was perceived by one of the brightest medieval thinkers. Even though Hildegard’s writings were influenced by deep knowledge of the Scripture, the abbess also accepted Greco-Roman medical system (classical humoral theory), astrology, medieval agricultural worldview, and the wisdom of folk medicine. Melancholy was interpreted in Hildegard’s medical texts as a heart and a brain disease which was caused by the overabundance of black bile produced in the spleen. The abbess recommended various medicinal herbs (fennel, mallow, primrose, rue, etc.) and substances of animal (ostrich, heron, ants) and mineral (onyx) origin in order to reduce excessive amount of black bile. Hildegard explained the mechanism of action of these medications using concepts of humoral theory, principle of contraria contrariis, as well as knowledge of medieval folk medicine and elements of religious and magical healing.
Conversion from clinically isolated syndrome to multiple sclerosis: what paraclinical tests findings are the most characteristic?
Authors: Malciūtė M. , Čelpačenko I. , Stankevičiūtė R. , Balnytė R. 
Published: February 2022

Background. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic demyelinating disease with clinical onset usually manifesting as clinically isolated syndrome (CIS). Approximately 70% of people with CIS convert to MS. Therefore, there is a pressing need to identify the most characteristic paraclinical test findings to predict CIS conversion to MS.Aim. The aim of this study was to establish the most characteristic paraclinical test findings for the identification of CIS conversion to MS.Materials and methods. A retrospective data analysis was performed in patients diagnosed with demyelinating encephalomyelitis according to ICD-10 (International Classification of Diseases Tenth Revision), codes G37.8 (other specified demyelinating diseases of central nervous system) and G37.9 (demyelinating disease of central nervous system, unspecified). In clinical practice, these diagnoses are called CIS. The data were obtained from medical records and included findings of paraclinical tests (magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), IgG levels and oligoclonal bands (OCBs) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and brainstem auditory evoked potential (BAEP)) and final diagnosis. The patients were divided into 2 groups according to the final diagnosis (MS group and non-MS group) and into 3 age groups (18-30, 30-50, >50 years old). The prevalence and statistical difference of paraclinical tests were estimated between the groups. Chi-squared test was used to compare between categorical variables. Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare between the groups. The association between two quantitative variables was determined using Spearman correlation co-efficient. Results were interpreted as statistically significant when p-value <0.05.Results. A total of 138 cases were included in the study. 49 patients converted to MS (35.5%), other 89 patients (64.5%) were diagnosed with other diseases than MS. Unspecified MRI lesions (χ2=4.328, p=0.037, n=40), elevated IgG levels (χ2=10.793, p=0.001, n=36), and positive OCBs in CSF (χ2=34.859, p<0.001, n=30) were more prevalent in MS group compared to non-MS group. Moreover, lesions detected by the BAEP test were also more frequent among MS group (χ2=10.924, p<0.001, n=17).Conclusions. The results indicate that pathological CSF findings (positive OCBs, elevated IgG levels) and prolonged BAEP latency are characteristic in patients with CIS who later progress to MS. Unspecified brain MRI lesions are also distinctive for MS patients; however, this result should be interpreted with consideration due to methodological reasons
Early subjective cognitive disorders and their relationship with chronic diseases, subjective hearing difficulties, burnout syndrome, and depression among middle-aged women
Authors: Pečeliūnienė J. , Žukauskaitė I. , Dovydėnas V. 
Published: February 2022

Introduction. With the increase in cognitive impairment among young people, it is important to timely identify and modify risk factors.The aim of the study was to evaluate early cognitive disorders in relationship with subjective hearing disorders, burnout syndrome, and depression among middle-aged women.Methods. The study involved 310 women aged 26 to 59 years (M=38.6). An online survey was created. Respondents filled in the Cognitive Failures Questionnaire (CFQ), Subjective Cognitive Complaints (SCCs) questionnaire, Shirom-Melamed Burnout Measure (SMBM), and Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). Sociodemographic factors, addictions, subjectively reported presence of chronic diseases, and subjective hearing disorders were registered by the study questionnaire. Student’s t-test, Chi-square test, Fisher’s exact test, and logistic regression analysis (LRA) were used for data analysis.Results. 34 females (11%) had subjective cognitive failures (CF+ group) and 276 (89%) had not (CF- group). 28.7% of respondents had subjective cognitive complaints (SCC+ group) and 71.3% had not (SCC- group). 23 females (7.4%) had depression and 62 females (20%) were likely to be depressed. 34 (11%) females had significant symptoms of burnout. 30.6% (N=95) self-reported having chronic diseases. 14.84% of females had subjective hearing disorders. The CF+ group had higher GDS scores than the CF- group (M=6.88 vs. M=3.78, p<0.001). Hypothyroidism was the only disease in which differences between the SCC+ and the SCC- groups were found (12.4% vs. 4.5%, p=0.022). Respondents in the CF+ group more often had subjective hearing disorders compared to the CF- group (35.3% vs. 12.3%, p=0.001). The CF+ and the CF-, also the SCC+ and the SCC- groups did not differ by comparing alcohol and drug consumption habits.Conclusions. Depression, burnout syndrome, and subjective hearing disorders are related to subjective experienced cognitive dysfunction, and cognitive complaints are related to hypothyroidism in middle-aged women.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF M|M|1 and M|M|C MODELS FOR B2C WITH SUPPLY CHAIN PROCESS
Authors: Sharma Geetanjali , Pandey Jai Deep 
Published: February 2022

With the emerging technology of electronic commerce, most of the business companies positively tend to offer services to their clients dealing in B2C e-commerce. We pro- posed four models for business to consumer (B2C) with supply chain management. First two models are M |M |1 with and without server breakdown and other models are M |M |C with and without server breakdown. During service when the server breakdown, the re- pairing process of the server begins immediately. During repair period the server serves the customer with slow rate and service period follows exponential distribution. Then numerical results are also illustrated various system performances are calculated
Alergia alimentaria y su asociación con dermatitis atópica autorreportada en adultos jóvenes en Lima-Perú
Authors: Rojas-Puell María José , Runzer-Colmenares Fernando M. , Salazar-Gastelú Danna , Santa Cruz-De Lama Flor , Medina-Hernández Alejandra 
Published: February 2022

Objetivo: Precisar la asociación entre dermatitis atópica y alergia alimentaria en estudiantes de Medicina Humana de una universidad privada de Lima, Perú.
Métodos: Estudio observacional, analítico, transversal, en el cual se incluyeron 355 estudiantes de medicina humana con edad entre 18 y 25 años, de una universidad privada de Lima, Perú, a través de una encuesta virtual. Los datos fueron analizados con la técnica de Fisher, t de Student y análisis de regresión de Poisson.
Resultados: En un modelo ajustado por edad y sexo, tener dermatitis atópica se asoció con 5.53 veces la probabilidad de tener alergia alimentaria (intervalo de confianza de 95 %, 3.12-9.79).
Conclusión: Existió asociación entre el antecedente de dermatitis atópica y haber reportado alergia alimentaria en 28.95 % de los estudiantes de medicina humana de una universidad privada de Lima, Perú.
PEMBERDAYAAN DAN PENINGKATAN POTENSI KEARIFAN LOKAL DAERAH, MELALUI PENGELOLAAN BADAN USAHA MILIK DESA
Authors: Hidayat Ofi , Ramadhani Muhammad Muthahari 
Published: February 2022

BUM Desa as a quasi-public organization needs a special strategy because BUM Desa is branded as a state-owned company at the village level which is still synonymous with ineffective and inefficient institutions. The purpose of this study is to see how the strategy of the existence of BUM Desa in the era of competition and economic and digital openness is required to be able to develop and increase competitiveness, especially in Paser Regency which is a candidate for the gateway to the new capital city of Indonesia. The research method used is descriptive qualitative by taking BUM Desa which has developed, and which is still in the basic stage.
The results showed that the implementation of the BUM DESA program was mainly in two villages that had two different levels, namely Modang Village and Padang Jaya Village. This is because Capacity Development in the business world has been running in Padang Jaya Village, this is the basis for being substantially superior because the Padang Jaya village government prioritizes processes and trust in the community and local wisdom and is supported by high village income (PAD Desa) in the village. that prioritizes local culture or MSMEs from the community. Based on the assessment of the classification of BUMDes development in Paser Regency, Padang Village BUMDes are in the "Developing" BUMDes category or arguably the only BUMDes that have progressed in Paser Regency compared to BUMDes in Modang Village which are still in the "Basic" category.
The results showed that the level of success of the BUM DESA program in community economic empowerment can be seen from the level of community participation, income levels of BUM DESA members and the level of community welfare. In addition, the implementation of the BUM DESA program in Modang Village and Padang Jaya Village in empowering business entities received an explanation of strengthening Individual Capacity, namely in 3 aspects including Personality capacity development where BUMDesa Padang Jaya got a superior personality capacity than BUMDesa Modang, then Capacity Development in the world work, so that Padang Jaya Village is substantially superior because the Padang Jaya village government prioritizes process and trust in the community and local wisdom and is supported by the high village income (PAD Desa) in the village based on the classification assessment of BUMDesa's development in Paser Regency, which is included in the BUMDesa category. “Developing” or arguably the only advanced BUMDesa in Paser Regency compared to BUMDesa in Modang Village which is still in the “Basic” category.
THE RELATIONSHIP OF SCENARIO QUALITY WITH THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SEVEN JUMPS PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING DISCUSSION ON MEDICAL STUDENTS OF MULAWARMAN UNIVERSITY
Authors: Sandaria Gusti Ferri , Sulistiawati Sulistiawati , Purnamasari Cicih Bhakti 
Published: February 2022

Problem-based learning is a learning method which applies scenario arranged thoroughly according to specific themes and performed through group discussion. The effectiveness of problem-based learning determines the success of students’ learning. This study aims to find the relationship between scenario quality and the effectiveness of problem-based learning seven jumps discussion among medical students of Mulawarman University. This observational analytic study applied cross sectional approach. The respondents of this study were medical students of Mulawarman University which were selected through simple random sampling technique. The data analysis methods were descriptive data analysis and analytic data analysis using Pearson test. There were 202 respondents fulfilling both inclusive and exclusive criteria with 18 – 22 age range. The male respondents were 50 (24.8%) and the female respondents were 152 (75.2%). Each respondent filled in questionnaires twice to evaluate different scenario. A total of 404 data were obtained from 202 respondents. The finding revealed that there was a correlation between scenario quality and problem-based learning seven jumps discussion with p value = 0.000. In conclusion, scenario quality had a relationship with the effectiveness of problem-based learning seven jumps discussion among medical students of Mulawarman University.
THE EFFECT OF DRINKING TURMERIC STEW TOWARDS REDUCING DYSMENORRHEAL PAIN SCALE ON STUDENTS OF SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL 1 OF EAST PAMONA, POSO REGENCY
Authors: Sali Adrian , Risal Muhammad 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT
Menstrual pain, or dysmenorrhea, is a problem that practically all women, regardless of age, suffer during their menstrual cycle. However, the adolescent age group has the highest prevalence of women experiencing this. The symptoms of dysmenorrhea include pain in the lower abdomen extending to the waist that typically begins 2-3 days before menstruation and lasts for 1-2 days throughout menstruation, along with certain associated symptoms such as heartburn, pains, or prickles.1 The purpose of this study is to assess the effect of turmeric stew on the pain scale used to diagnose dysmenorrhea in students attending Senior High School 1 East Pamona, Poso Regency. With a total of 34 respondents, this study used the Quasy Experiment method with a non-randomized control group pre-posttest design and a purposive sampling strategy. The study's data were gathered utilizing general data collection sheets and NRS pain scale measurement sheets (Numeric Rating Scale). The Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test and the Mann Whitney U-Test were used to analyze the data. Before drinking turmeric stew, both the treatment and control groups had moderate pain. Meanwhile, the average pain intensity after drinking the turmeric stew was 68.8 % mild pain and 31.2 % no pain in the treatment group, and 37.5% mild discomfort and 62.5 % moderate pain in the control group. Following statistical analysis with the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test, a p-value of 0,000 ≤ α 0,05was achieved, showing that turmeric stew affected both groups. Additionally, a statistical test utilizing the Mann-Whitney U-Test yielded a value of 0,000 ≤ α 0,05, showing a significant difference in pain scale reduction between the treatment and control groups. To summarize, ingesting turmeric stew has a substantial effect on lowering the pain scale for dysmenorrhea in students.
Keywords: Turmeric stew, Dysmenorrhea, High school students
Expressive Acts Realization in “I Care a Lot” Movie
Authors: Virginia Fanny , Mubarak Zia Hisni 
Published: February 2022

Realization of expressive acts is a phenomenon of pragmatics that appears in a movie. This descriptive qualitative research aimed at examining the types of expressive acts and how the expressive acts were realized in the movie. In collecting the data, this research implemented the observational method and non-participatory technique. Pragmatic identity method and pragmatic competence- in equalizing technique were applied as the method and technique of analyzing the data. Regarding the theory, this research applied expressive acts theory carried out by Searle and Vanderveken (1985). The findings revealed that there were 36 data of expressive act in the utterances of the characters. Those were 7 data of apologizing, 1 data of welcoming, 1 data of congratulating, 1 data of condoling, 1 data of greeting, 7 data of thanking, 5 data of complaining, 12 data of complimenting, and 1 data of deploring. The type of complimenting became the dominant type among other types. It is as a result of the existence of the rich elderly and their wealth that persuaded other characters to express complimenting.