bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SPP1 as a potential biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Sun Ercan , Peng Lu , Zeng Yan , Dong Shuangshuang , Chen Min , Zheng Jun 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background:Our aim was to evaluate the clinical significance of SPP1 in OSCC tissues and to detect the clinical diagnostic value of SPP1 in serum and saliva of OSCC.
Methods:The expression of SPP1 was predicted by TCGA database, and the correlation between SPP1 expression and prognosis of OSCC was evaluated. The levels of SPP1 in 90 OSCC tissues and 40 normal tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry. ELISA was utilized to determine SPP1 levels in serum and saliva containing 70 OSCC patients and 20 healthy persons.Statistical analysis was used to determine correlations between SPP1 expression and clinicopathological characteristics, generate survival curves and analyze diagnostic efficiency.
Results：TCGA database showed the SPP1 in OSCC tissues was higher than in normal tissues, patients with high SPP1 expression in OSCC had a shorter survival time. The results of immunohistochemistry were consistent with TCGA database. SPP1 in OSCC tissues and saliva were related with tumor differentiation and tumor stage. The diagnostic value of SPP1 in saliva was higher than that in serum.
Conclusions: The expression of SPP1 was significantly increased in OSCC tissues, serum and saliva.. High expression of SPP1 may play an important role in diagnosis and prognosis of OSCC.
Extended Bowl Structures
Authors: Cecil Alan C. , Brazuelo Laura , Young John K. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In order to design complex nanostructures different building blocks must be developed. Corannulene has been shown to have a curved bowl structure and has been modified with other structures to produce a variety of nanostructures. A larger bowl structure has been designed and calculated by expanding corannulene to produce the extended bowl structure C60H10. The opening and depth of this bowl structure has been shown to change with different functional groups.
Efficacy and Safety Profile of PD-1 Inhibitors Versus Chemotherapy in the Second-line Treatment of Advanced Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Jin Zhao , Zhao Minghe 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Purpose: PD-1 inhibitors have emerged as the new standard of care for second-line treatment of advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. There have been lots of research lately concerning the topic. A comprehensive assessment of the efficacy and safety profile between PD-1 inhibitors and chemotherapy is warranted.
Methods: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Embase were searched systematically until May 1st, 2022. We extracted data on efficacy and safety and calculated the pooled HRs and RRs with 95%CI using randomized-effect or fixed-effect models. A subgroup analysis was applied to explore the factors modifying the response to PD-1 inhibitors. All data were statistically analyzed by R 4.1.2.
Results: A total of 5 studies involving 1,970 patients were included in our meta-analysis. PD-1 inhibitors group could attain greater overall survival benefit (HR = 0.73, 95%CI 0.66-0.81, P < 0.001) and nearly favorable progression-free survival (HR = 0.89, 0.76-1.04, P = 0.13). TRAEs (RR = 0.76, 95%CI 0.64-0.91, P = 0.004) and level 3-5 TRAEs (RR = 0.40, 95%CI 0.32-0.49, P < 0.001) were significantly diminished in PD-1 inhibitors groups. Among all modifying factors, PD-L1 combined positive score was positively associated with the patient’s overall survival.
Conclusions: This analysis suggests that PD-1 inhibitors exhibited better survival outcomes and safety profiles than standard-of-care chemotherapy. High levels of PD-L1 combined positive scores was associated with an enhanced response to PD-1 immunotherapies with regard to overall survival.
Experimental and Numerical Responses of Fibroblast and Epithelial Cells to the Frequency of Electric Toothbrush
Authors: Heydarian Ashkan , Darvishi Parvin , Mortazavi Hamed , Beni Hamidreza Mortazavy 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In the oral environment, fibroblast and gingival epithelial cells undergo distinct forces. Chewing, brushing, or force interactions with dental materials like implants can produce these forces. The behavior and response of these cells to forces are determined by their stiffness. Additionally, this behavior can be crucial in mechanosensory and tissue development. In this study, after being cultured using nanomagnet materials, fibroblast and epithelial cells were subjected to magnetic tweezers cytometry testing, and the viscoelastic model was used to determine their stiffness. The reaction of single gingival cells was modeled by determining the stiffness of cells at Gel Point frequencies and the operating frequency of electric toothbrushes and employing the Finite Element Method (FEM). Epithelial cell and fibroblast gel points took place at frequencies of 5Hz and 3Hz, respectively. At these frequencies, the behavior of cells is both quasi-solid and fluid. In addition, the findings of the finite element analysis demonstrated that the cells undergo a greater degree of deformation at the Gel point frequency compared to the operating frequency of toothbrushes. This quantity was approximately 331 times greater in epithelial cells, which reached a maximum of 7.114µm. Additionally, the maximal fibroblast cell deformation at 3Hz frequency was determined to be 2.981µm, which is roughly 117 times that at 150Hz frequency.
Association between hemoglobin and low muscle mass in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Ge Sujun , Zhan Fengxia , Hu Wenchao 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Objective
Low hemoglobin (Hb) levels are related to malnutrition and can lead to dysfunction and physical disability. T2DM is more likely to develop low muscle mass. This study is performed to evaluate the association between hemoglobin and low muscle mass in T2DM patients.
Method
This cross-sectional study recruited 1054 inpatients in Qilu Hospital (Qingdao). Skeletal muscle index (SMI) was measured using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Hb was detected by automatic blood cell analyzer. Logistic regression analysis was utilized to determine the risk factors for low muscle mass.
Result
119 male subjects (20.3%) and 60 female subjects (12.6%) had low muscle mass in T2DM patients. Hb was correlated with a decreased risk of low muscle mass in both genders. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that SMI was associated with age, HbA1c, and Hb in male subjects. While in female subjects, SMI was associated with age, SBP, and Hb. In male participants, Hb was positively correlated with SMI after multivariate adjustment. Hb was positively correlated with SMI when Hb was ≤ 136. However, the correlation was not statistically significant when Hb was > 136. In addition, Hb was correlated with SMI after multivariate analysis in female subjects. When Hb was > 122, Hb was positively correlated with SMI. Hb was negatively correlated with SMI when Hb was ≤ 122, however, the association was not statistically significant.
Conclusion
Hb is inversely correlated with the presence of low muscle mass in T2DM patients.
Clinical outcomes of COVID-19 in Palestinian hemodialysis patients: A cross sectional study
Authors: Adwan Lina , Al-Sadi Tala , Shawakha Shorouq , Al-Shami Ni’meh A. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is known for its effects on the respiratory system. Two years after the pandemic morbid and mortal consequences, growing evidence is showing that the disease also has adverse outcomes and complications on additional organs including the kidneys. This study aims at investigating the effects of COVID-19 on hemodialysis patients receiving services at Palestine Medical Complex (PMC) kidney dialysis department.
Methods
In April 2022, data was collected using the electronic medical records system for the dialysis department at PMC. The study included all PMC hemodialysis patients that were infected with COVID-19 between January 2020-April 2022. The collected data included patient demographics, clinical features, laboratory tests, dialysis frequency and the disease outcome.
Results
The results showed that the patients outcomes and dialysis frequency were impacted by their blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (SCr) and calcium levels. About one third of the study population died after being infected with COVID 19. The frequency of dialysis was also affected by the presence of comorbidities like hypertension, diabetes mellitus (DM) and myocardial infarction (MI).
Conclusions
This study found that there was a high mortality rate within the dialysis patients infected with COVID-19. Having comorbidities affected the frequency of dialysis following COVID-19 infection. Dialysis patients should be protected from infections such as COVID-19 and their comorbidities should be monitored and kept under control as much as possible.
Fuzzy clustering algorithm to identify Sybil attacks in Vehicular ad hoc networks
Authors: Ardakani Mehdi MalekNasab , Tabarzad Mohammad Ali , Shayegan Mohammad Amin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Due to the increasing use of VANET networks and the use of smart systems in this type of networks, their challenges have been the focus of researchers. One of the important challenges of such networks is the security issues that threaten this category of networks. In this article, the Sybil attack, which is one of the security challenges in VANET networks, has been investigated and identified. In a Sybil attack, a node threatens VANET networks by stealing the identity of other nodes or creating a virtual identity, with making incorrect decisions and sending false information. In this paper, RSU determines the cluster head with the help of fuzzy logic. The cluster head creates moving clusters by placing similar nodes in terms of direction, speed and distance in separate clusters while moving. The cluster head performs malicious node detection using a directional antenna and a fuzzy system. The first fuzzy system places the cluster head in the best possible place of the cluster. The cluster head identify the malicious nodes in each cluster locally, while the second fuzzy system interferes in determining the validity of the cluster members. In the proposed plan, in addition to optimizing the sending and receiving of messages, the simulation results show that identifying the malicious node has a better performance than the previous methods both in terms of speed and accuracy.
Green Synthesis of Fe3O4 Nanoparticles and its Applications in Wastewater Treatment.
Authors: Bassim Shahnaz , Mageed Alyaa K. , AbdulRazak Adnan A. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In this paper, extract of Citrus aurantium (CA) was used as a green approach for the preparation of Fe3O4 nanoparticles. The green Fe3O4 (Fe3O4/CA) was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis (EDX), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area measurement, vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), and zeta potential (ZP) measurements. The synthesized Fe3O4/CA was used to remove methylene blue (MB) dye from an aqueous solution. A four-factor central composite design (CCD) combined with response surface modeling (RSM) was used to maximize the MB dye removal. The four independent variables, which were initial dye concentration (10-50 mg/L), solution pH (3-9), adsorbent dose (ranging from 200-1000 mg/L), and contact time (30-90 min), served as inputs to the model of the % dye removal. The findings yielded by an analysis of variance (ANOVA) confirmed the high significance of the regression model. The predicted values of the MB dye removal were in good agreement with the corresponding experimental values. Optimized conditions for the maximum MB dye removal (93.14%) by Fe3O4/CA were the initial dye concentration (10.02 mg/L), pH (8.98), adsorbent mass (997.99 mg/L), and contact time (43.71 min). The validity of the quadratic model was examined, and good agreement was found between the experimental and predicted values. Our findings demonstrated that green Fe3O4 NPs can be used as an adsorbent for MB dye removal.
Netrin-1 alleviates high-glucose-induced renal proximal tubule injury by activating AKT/mTOR-mediated autophagy
Authors: Lu Honghong 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The kidneys have a high level of netrin-1 expression, which protects against some acute & chronic kidney disorders. However, it is yet unknown how Netrin-1 affects renal proximal tubule cells in diabetic nephropathy (DN) under pathological circumstances. Research has shown that autophagy protects the kidneys in animal models of renal disease. In this study, we looked at the probable autophagy regulation mechanism of Netrin-1 and its function in the pathogenesis of DN. We proved that high blood sugar levels caused Netrin-1 to be down-regulated, which then triggered the AKT/mTOR signalling pathway, enhanced HK-2 cell death, and actin cytoskeleton disruption. By deleting Netrin-1 or adding an autophagy activator in vitro, these pathogenic alterations were reverted. Our results indicate that Netrin-1 stimulates autophagy by blocking the AKT/mTOR signalling pathway, which underlies high glucose-induced malfunction of the renal proximal tubules. This study reveals that targeting Netrin-1 related signalling has therapeutic potential for DN and advances our knowledge of the processes operating in renal proximal tubules in DN.
Climate change and Rice yield in Cameroon
Authors: Issidor Godom Moise & Noumba 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Rice is one of the most consumed cereals in Cameroon, the production of which remains affected by several factors, including excessive temperatures and the irregular increase in rainfall. This study used the VAR model to explore the reciprocal influence of climate change with rice yield via the evolution of rainfall and temperature as well as the intensity of CO2 emissions per rice product in the northern zone of the Cameroon. The data used comes from FAOSTAT and the “World Bank Group Climate Change Knowledge Portal over the period between 1975 and 2021. The following results were obtained. i) The constant increase in rainfall during the rainy season reduces the yield of rice and that of temperature improves the yield of rice. ii) the CO2 emission intensity per unit of rice production has a negative effect on its yield. iii) This CO2 emission reduces the rainfall pattern and stimulates the rise in temperatures and therefore reinforces climate change. We therefore recommend that rice farmers be attentive to the reciprocal effects of climate change and rice cultivation and to use new techniques allowing the reduction of CO2 emission intensity by using more organic fertilizers than chemical ones.
Integrative study reveals the prognostic and immunotherapeutic value of CTCs/CTMs -related prognostic signature in Hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Li Xiangyu , Zhao Kai , Lu Yun , Shi Yuanxin , Qiu Peng , Deng Zhengdong , Yao Wei , Wang Jianming 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second major cause of tumor death worldwide, threatening people's lives and health. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) facilitate the progression of many cancers, including HCC.
Methods
Combining transcriptomic data from TCGA, ICGC and ctcRbase databases, we characterized differentially expressed circulating tumor cells/microemboli (CTCs/CTMs) related genes (CRGs). These differentially expressed CRGs were then analyzed with a lasso and multivariate COX, and a five-gene prognostic signature was constructed. Then, the prognostic signature was validated in the ICGC dataset and GES14520 dataset with survival analysis and receiver operating characteristic analysis. The immune infiltration, tumor mutation burden (TMB), tumor immune dysfunction and exclusion (TIDE), and somatic mutation rate were also compared between the high- and low-risk groups to further evaluate the immunotherapeutic value of the model. Molecular subtypes of HCC were characterized by the non-negative matrix factor decomposition method (NMF), and potential compounds were evaluated for different subtypes. Nomograms were constructed to forecast the prognosis of patients. Comparison with other six models to assess the superiority of the CRGS signaturte.
Result
We constructed the prognostic characteristics of five CRGs (including CDCA8, TP53I3, MYCN, HAVCR1, and TXNRD1) and identified two HCC subtypes, C1 and C2. Patients in the low-risk group had a better survival time compared to the high-risk group. And patients in the high-risk group were associated with higher TMB, immune infiltration, somatic mutation rates, and lower TIDE scores. This prognostic profile was validated in the ICGC and GSE14520 datasets and had good predictive performance.
Conclusion
We have studied the perspective of CTC-related genes and developed a new prognostic signature to predict the prognosis of HCC patients. This signature with good performance will help to assess the prognosis of patients and may provide new insights for clinical management strategies.
PARP1 mediated PARylation contributes to myogenic progression
and glucocorticoid transcriptional response.
Authors: Tan Arnold , Younis Awais , Creighton Jade , Evans Alexander , Coveney Clare , Boocock David , Sale Craig , Lavery Gareth , Coutts Amanda , Doig Craig 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Poly-(ADP-ribose)polymerase 1 (PARP1) enzymatically generates and applies the post-translational modification, as mono (MAR) or poly (PAR) ADP-Ribose (ADPR) chains. PARP1 roles in genome maintenance are well described, but recent work highlight roles in many fundamental processes including cellular identity and energy homeostasis. Herein, we show in both mouse and human skeletal muscle cells that PARP1 mediated PARylation is a regulator of the myogenic program and the muscle transcriptional response to steroid hormones. Chemical PARP1 modulation impacts expression of major myocellular proteins, including troponins, key in dictating muscle contractile force. Whilst PARP1 in absence of DNA damage is often assumed to be basally inactive, we show PARylation to be acutely sensitive to extracellular glucose concentrations and the steroid hormone class, glucocorticoids which exert considerable authority over muscle tissue mass. Specifically, we find during myogenesis, a transient and significant rise in PAR. This early-stage differentiation event, if blocked with PARP1 inhibition, reduced the abundance of important muscle proteins in the fully differentiated myotubes. This suggests that PAR targets during early-stage differentiation are central to the proper development of the muscle contractile unit. We also show that reduced PARP1 in myoblasts impacts a variety of metabolic pathways in line with the recorded actions of glucocorticoids. Currently, as both regulators of myogenesis and muscle mass loss, glucocorticoids represent a clinical conundrum. Our work goes on to identify that PARP1 expression is required for the transcriptional activation by glucocorticoids of a subset of genes critical to human skeletal muscle pathology. These genes may therefore signify a regulatory battery of targets through which selective glucocorticoid modulation could be achieved. Collectively, our data provide clear links between PARP1 mediated PARylation and skeletal muscle homeostatic mechanisms crucial to tissue mass maintenance and endocrine response.
Factors Affecting Students’ Mental Health: A Study of college undergraduates in Nepal
Authors: Ghimire Pratyush , Paudel Hari , Baral Basanta 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The research aims to create a ‘stressor hierarchy’ by studying the mental stressors (for example: academic bearing, parental pressure etc.) that impact college undergraduates in Nepal. Additionally, with the help of the hierarchy constructed, the research, consequently, seeks to develop a Students Mental Health Index (SMHI) by taking into account the most pernicious stressors that contribute to the decline of students’ mental health across Nepal.
Retention of snowmelt and rain from extensive green roofs during snow-covered periods
Authors: Braskerud Bent C. , Paus Kim H. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Green roofs are a popular way to include nature in an urban environment. A reduction in stormwater runoff peaks and volumes are among the benefits one can expect. How is runoff from green roofs in the cold and snow-covered part of the year, when growth media freeze, plants are dormant and covered with melting snow? This paper investigates 11 years of runoff from three green extensive roofs in Oslo, Norway. Precipitation through the snow-covered period (SCP) was approximately one-third of the annual precipitation (970 mm). When runoff from green roofs is compared to runoff from a non-vegetated bitumen roof, retention of 16–31% is seen through the SCP, depending on the drainage system, fabric, soil quality, and depth. The difference in buildup did not influence the detention of the largest runoff intensities. Dampening the runoff happened even though the substrate was saturated. According to the soil moisture sensors, the capacity of the roof with the highest water retention could be increased even more if drainage could be restricted. The runoff from the bitumen roof always exceeded the runoff from green roofs. As a result, harmful inundation may be reduced in a part of the year when infiltration is restricted due to frost.
Anthropogenic nitrate contamination of water resources in Ethiopia: an overview
Authors: Wakejo Wondimu Kebede , Meshesha Beteley Tekola , Habtu Nigus Gabbiye , Mekonnen Yilkal Gebeyehu 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Nitrate is one of the water contaminants that mainly results from anthropogenic activities. The major causes of nitrate contamination of water resources are anthropogenic activities such as animal or human waste, septic or sewage systems, fertilizer application, concentrated animal farming, industrial waste, and landfill leachates. These man-made activities are the primary sources of nitrate contamination in water resources. Nitrate contamination of water is a global issue that has been increasing over time. According to previous research, exposure to nitrate in water above the World Health Organization (WHO) guideline limit (50 mg of NO3/L) has been found to induce major health effects such as methemoglobinemia in humans, with the severity depending on the amount consumed. This problem has become a major threat to humans and the environment. Thus, this article presented an overview of nitrate contamination of water resources in Ethiopia, emphasizing anthropogenic activities to indicate the current nitrate water contamination status for the necessary remedial actions.