bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Contribution of Tibetan Plateau ecosystems to local and remote precipitation through moisture recycling
Authors: Li Yan , Xu Ru , Yang Kun , Liu Yanxu , Wang Shuai , Zhou Sha , Yang Zhao , Feng Xiaoming , He Chunyang , Xu Zhengjie , Zhao Wenwu 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe ecosystems of the Tibetan Plateau (TP) provide multiple important ecosystem services that benefit both local populations and those beyond, such as through climate regulation services on precipitation for East Asia and China. However, the precipitation regulation service of the TP ecosystems for supplying moisture and maintaining precipitation is yet to be evaluated. In this study, we used the moisture recycling framework and a moisture tracking model to quantify the precipitation regulation services of TP ecosystems for their contribution to precipitation. We found TP ecosystems contributed substantially to local and downwind precipitation, with a contribution of 221 mm/year for the TP and neighboring areas through evapotranspiration (ET) (104 mm/year through transpiration), declined to <10 mm/year for eastern China and other surrounding countries. Among ecosystem types, grassland contributed most to precipitation, followed by barren and snow lands, forests, and shrublands. In terms of seasonality, precipitation contribution from TP ecosystems was greater in summer months than in non‐summer months for western China, while the opposite was true for eastern China—although the magnitude was much smaller. Over the past two decades, the significant ET increases in TP translated to a widespread increase in precipitation contribution for TP and downwind beneficiary regions from 2000 to 2020. Our study provides a quantitative way to understand the precipitation regulation services of TP ecosystems through moisture recycling, substantiating their key role to maintain precipitation and the water cycle for downwind regions—effectively acting as an ecological safeguard that could be perceived by the public.
Toward a forest biomass reference measurement system for remote sensing applications
Authors: Labrière Nicolas , Davies Stuart J. , Disney Mathias I. , Duncanson Laura I. , Herold Martin , Lewis Simon L. , Phillips Oliver L. , Quegan Shaun , Saatchi Sassan S. , Schepaschenko Dmitry G. , Scipal Klaus , Sist Plinio , Chave Jérôme 
Published: October 2022

AbstractForests contribute to climate change mitigation through carbon storage and uptake, but the extent to which this carbon pool varies in space and time is still poorly known. Several Earth Observation missions have been specifically designed to address this issue, for example, NASA's GEDI, NASA‐ISRO's NISAR and ESA's BIOMASS. Yet, all these missions' products require independent and consistent validation. A permanent, global, in situ, site‐based forest biomass reference measurement system relying on ground data of the highest possible quality is therefore needed. Here, we have assembled a list of almost 200 high‐quality sites through an in‐depth review of the literature and expert knowledge. In this study, we explore how representative these sites are in terms of their coverage of environmental conditions, geographical space and biomass‐related forest structure, compared to those experienced by forests worldwide. This work also aims at identifying which sites are the most representative, and where to invest to improve the representativeness of the proposed system. We show that the environmental coverage of the system does not seem to improve after at least the 175 most representative sites are included, but geographical and structural coverages continue to improve as more sites are added. We highlight the areas of poor environmental, geographical, or structural coverage, including, but not limited to, Canada, the western half of the USA, Mexico, Patagonia, Angola, Zambia, eastern Russia, and tropical and subtropical highlands (e.g. in Colombia, the Himalayas, Borneo, Papua). For the proposed system to succeed, we stress that (1) data must be collected and processed applying the same standards across all countries and continents; (2) system establishment and management must be inclusive and equitable, with careful consideration of working conditions; and (3) training and site partner involvement in downstream activities should be mandatory.
Simulated climate warming decreases fruit number but increases seed mass
Authors: Zi Hongbiao , Jing Xin , Liu Anrong , Fan Xiaomin , Chen Si‐Chong , Wang Hao , He Jin‐Sheng 
Published: October 2022

AbstractClimate warming is changing plant sexual reproduction, having consequences for species distribution and community dynamics. However, the magnitude and direction of plant reproductive efforts (e.g., number of flowers) and success (e.g., number and mass of fruits or seeds) in response to warming have not been well‐characterized. Here, we generated a global dataset of simulated warming experiments, consisting of 477 pairwise comparisons for 164 terrestrial species. We found evidence that warming overall decreased fruit number and increased seed mass, but little evidence that warming influenced flower number, fruit mass, or seed number. The warming effects on seed mass were regulated by the pollination type, and insect‐pollinated plants exhibited a stronger response to warming than wind‐pollinated plants. We found strong evidence that warming increased the mass of seeds for the nondominant species but no evidence of this for the dominant species. There was no evidence that phylogenetic relatedness explained the effects of warming on plant reproductive effort and success. In addition, the effects of warming on flowering onset negatively related to the responses in terms of the number of fruits and seeds to warming, revealing a cascading effect of plant reproductive development. These findings provide the first quantification of the response of terrestrial plant sexual reproduction to warming and suggest that plants may increase their fitness by producing heavier seeds under a warming climate.
Non‐fitness status of peripheral NK cells defined by decreased NKp30 and perforin, and increased soluble B7H6, in cervical cancer patients
Authors: Gutierrez‐Silerio Gloria Yareli , Bueno‐Topete Miriam Ruth , Vega‐Magaña Alejandra Natali , Bastidas‐Ramirez Blanca Estela , Gutierrez‐Franco Jorge , Escarra‐Senmarti Marta , Pedraza‐Brindis Eliza Julia , Peña‐Rodriguez Marcela , Ramos‐Marquez Martha Eloisa , Delgado‐Rizo Vidal , Banu Nehla , Alejandre‐Gonzalez Alan Guillermo , Fafutis‐Morris Mary , Haramati Jesse , del Toro‐Arreola Susana 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe NKp30 receptor is one of the three natural cytotoxic receptors reported in NK cells. This receptor is codified by the NCR3 gene, which encodes three isoforms, a consequence of the alternative splicing of exon 4. A greater expression of the three isoforms (A, B, and C), along with low levels of the NKp30 ligand B7H6, has been reported as a positive prognostic factor in different cancer types. Here, in patients with cervical cancer and precursor lesions, we report an altered immune‐phenotype, characterized by non‐fitness markers, that correlated with increased disease stage, from CIN 1 to FIGO IV. While overall NK cell numbers increased, loss of NKp30+ NK cells, especially in the CD56dim subpopulation, was found. Perforin levels were decreased in these cells. Decreased expression of the NKp30 C isoform and overexpression of soluble B7H6 was found in cervical cancer patients when compared against healthy subjects. PBMCs from healthy subjects downregulated NKp30 isoforms after co‐culture with B7H6‐expressing tumour cells. Taken together, these findings describe a unique down‐modulation or non‐fitness status of the immune response in cervical cancer, the understanding of which will be important for the design of novel immunotherapies against this disease.
The complement alternative pathway and hemostasis
Authors: Noris Marina , Galbusera Miriam 
Published: October 2022

SummaryThe complement and hemostatic systems are complex systems, and both involve enzymatic cascades, regulators, and cell components—platelets, endothelial cells, and immune cells. The two systems are ancestrally related and are defense mechanisms that limit infection by pathogens and halt bleeding at the site of vascular injury. Recent research has uncovered multiple functional interactions between complement and hemostasis. On one side, there are proteins considered as complement factors that activate hemostasis, and on the other side, there are coagulation proteins that modulate complement. In addition, complement and coagulation and their regulatory proteins strongly interact each other to modulate endothelial, platelet and leukocyte function and phenotype, creating a potentially devastating amplifying system that must be closely regulated to avoid unwanted damage and\or disseminated thrombosis. In view of its ability to amplify all complement activity through the C3b‐dependent amplification loop, the alternative pathway of complement may play a crucial role in this context. In this review, we will focus on available and emerging evidence on the role of the alternative pathway of complement in regulating hemostasis and vice‐versa, and on how dysregulation of either system can lead to severe thromboinflammatory events.
Synergy of Biostatistics and Epidemiology in Air Pollution Health Effects Studies
Authors: Dockery Douglas W. 
Published: October 2022

SummaryThe extraordinary advances in quantifying the health effects of ambient air pollution over the last five decades have led to dramatic improvement in air quality in the United States. This work has been possible through innovative epidemiologic study designs coupled with advanced statistical analytic methods. This paper presents a historical perspective on the coordinated developments of epidemiologic designs and statistical methods for air pollution health effects studies at the Harvard School of Public Health.
Climate risks and U.S. stock‐market tail risks: A forecasting experiment using over a century of data
Authors: Salisu Afees A. , Pierdzioch Christian , Gupta Rangan , van Eyden Reneé 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe examine the predictive value of the uncertainty associated with growth in temperature for stock‐market tail risk in the United States using monthly data that cover the sample period from 1895:02 to 2021:08. To this end, we measure stock‐market tail risk by means of the popular Conditional Autoregressive Value at Risk (CAViaR) model. Our results show that accounting for the predictive value of the uncertainty associated with growth in temperature, as measured either by means of standard generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (GARCH) models or a stochastic‐volatility (SV) model, mainly is beneficial for a forecaster who suffers a sufficiently higher loss from an underestimation of tail risk than from a comparable overestimation.
Effect of waterlogging stress on grain nutritional quality and pod yield of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)
Authors: Zeng Ruier , Chen Tingting , Zhang Hui , Cao Jing , Li Xi , Wang Xinyue , Wang Ying , Yao Suzhe , Gao Yu , Chen Yong , Zhang Lei 
Published: October 2022

AbstractTo investigate the effects of waterlogging stress on grain nutritional quality and pod yield, peanut plants were waterlogged for 3 and 6 days at 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49, 56 and 63 days after gynophores touched the ground in 2019 and 2020. Results revealed that compared with the control treatment, the oil and starch content in grain increased, while crude protein and soluble sugar content decreased under waterlogging. Waterlogging stress increased the unsaturated fatty acids content but decreased the saturated fatty acids, essential amino acids, non‐essential amino acids and total amino acids content. In addition, waterlogging stress decreased the total pod number per plant by 6.78%–49.33%, 100‐pod weight by 1.11%–14.08% and 100‐grain weight by 1.85%–16.41%, which caused a 34.33%–55.90% reduction in pod yield per plant. After the gynophore touched the ground for 7 days, waterlogging had a greater negative effect on grain nutritional quality, and longer waterlogging duration led to greater yield reduction. In summary, waterlogging stress caused peanut yield reduction and grain quality deterioration.
Effects of objective and subjective indicators of economic inequality on subjective well‐being: Underlying mechanisms
Authors: Vezzoli Michela , Valtorta Roberta Rosa , Mari Silvia , Durante Federica , Volpato Chiara 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMuch research found that economic inequality—the dispersion of incomes distribution among individuals in a society—affects subjective well‐being (SWB). As a meta‐analysis has shown, the association between economic inequality, commonly measured by the Gini index, and individuals' SWB is weak and not significant. Psychosocial research suggests that the situational perception, rather than objective reality, has a greater impact on individuals. Our aim was to investigate whether and how objective and subjective measures of economic inequality affect the subjective individuals' well‐being, both in its affective and cognitive components. A representative Italian sample (N = 1446, 51% women; average age = 42.42 years, SD = 12.87) answered an online survey. Multilevel regressions detected a negative and significant effect of the inequality perception on well‐being. In contrast, the Gini index showed no effect. Two psychological mechanisms explain the association between perceived inequality and well‐being: Perceived anger toward inequality and individuals' economic vulnerability. The parallel mediation models showed that the effect of perceived inequality is conveyed by cognitive (economic vulnerability) and emotional (anger) processing of inequality. Findings also highlighted the role of the ongoing COVID‐19 pandemic.
The robustness of a simple dynamic model of island biodiversity to geological and sea‐level change
Authors: Santos Neves Pedro , Lambert Joshua W. , Valente Luis , Etienne Rampal S. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAimBiodiversity on islands is influenced by geophysical processes and sea‐level fluctuations. Oceanic islands (never connected to a landmass) are initially vacant with diversity accumulating via colonisation and speciation, and then declining as islands shrink. Continental islands have species upon disconnection from the mainland and may have transient land‐bridge connections. Theoretical predictions for the effects of these geophysical processes on rates of colonisation, speciation, and extinction have been proposed. However, paleogeographic reconstructions are currently unavailable for most islands, and phylogenetic models overlook island ontogeny, sea‐level changes, or past landmass connections. We analyse to what extent ignoring geodynamics in the inference model affects model predictions when confronted with data simulated with geodynamics.LocationSimulations of oceanic and continental islands.TaxaSimulated lineages.MethodsWe extend the island biogeography simulation model DAISIE to include: (i) area‐dependent rates of colonisation and diversification associated with island ontogeny and sea‐level fluctuations, (ii) continental islands with biota present upon separation from the mainland, and (iii) shifts in colonisation to mimic temporary land‐bridges. We quantify the error of ignoring geodynamic processes by applying DAISIE's inference method to geodynamic simulations.ResultsRobustness of the model to dynamic island area is generally high for oceanic islands and for continental islands that have been separated for a long time, suggesting that it is possible to obtain reliable results when ignoring geodynamics. However, for continental islands that have been recently or frequently connected, robustness of the model is low.Main conclusionsUnder many island biogeographic geodynamic scenarios (oceanic islands and ancient continental fragments) a simple phylogenetic model ignoring geodynamics is empirically applicable and informative. However, recent connection to the continent cannot be ignored, requiring new model development. Our results show that for oceanic islands, reliable insights can be obtained from phylogenetic data in the absence of paleogeographic reconstructions of island area.
Using calcined oyster shell powder as a natural preservative for extending the quality of black king fish (Rachycentron canadum) fillets
Authors: Lu Wen‐Chien , Chan Yung‐Jia , Chen Shu‐Ju , Mulio Amanda Tresiliana , Wang Chiun‐Chuan Roger , Huang Ping‐Hsiu , Li Po‐Hsien 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAquacultural foods represent a valuable source of nutrition with high nutritional value and numerous health benefits. They are widely consumed as a palatable and easily digestible source of protein. However, they are highly susceptible to spoilage after harvesting and subsequent processing and storage. Natural and green biological methods for inhibiting or reducing the growth of microorganisms and controlling the quality of products during storage are of particular commercial importance. In this study, black king fish (BKF) fillets treated with calcined oyster shell powder (COSP) exhibited the dual benefits of extended shelf life and natural safety and nontoxicity. In particular, COSP inhibited acid‐producing microorganisms and aerobic bacteria by regulating pH throughout the refrigerated storage of BFK fillets. TVB‐N levels in BFK fillets were maintained below 20 mg/100 g, while peroxide values (PV), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), and trimethylamine (TMA) levels were all within acceptable ranges, all of which were significantly different (p < 0.05) compared to the control group. In addition, the hardness and overall acceptability performance showed significantly favorable results compared to the control group. The results of this study may be widely applicable to aquatic food products. Minimizing postharvest and financial losses in large‐scale aquatic products production by extending shelf life will provide additional economic benefits.Novelty impact statement

COSP treatment can inhibit the growth of microorganisms.

COSP treatment can control the quality of products during frozen storage.

Fish fillets treated with COSP exhibited the benefits extended shelf life and natural safety and nontoxicity.
Neurochemical correlates of synapse density in a Huntington's disease mouse model
Authors: Zarate Nicole , Gundry Katherine , Yu Dahyun , Casby Jordan , Eberly Lynn E. , Öz Gülin , Gomez‐Pastor Rocio 
Published: October 2022

AbstractStriatal medium spiny neurons are highly susceptible in Huntington's disease (HD), resulting in progressive synaptic perturbations that lead to neuronal dysfunction and death. Non‐invasive imaging techniques, such as proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H‐MRS), are used in HD mouse models and patients with HD to monitor neurochemical changes associated with neuronal health. However, the association between brain neurochemical alterations and synaptic dysregulation remains unknown, limiting our ability to monitor potential treatments that may affect synapse function. We conducted in vivo longitudinal 1H‐MRS in the striatum followed by ex vivo analyses of excitatory synapse density of two synaptic circuits disrupted in HD, thalamo‐striatal (T‐S), and cortico‐striatal (C‐S) pathways, to assess the relationship between neurochemical alterations and changes in synapse density. We used the zQ175(Tg/0) HD mouse model as well as zQ175 mice lacking one allele of CK2α’(zQ175(Tg/0):CK2α’(+/−)), a kinase previously shown to regulate synapse function in HD. Longitudinal analyses of excitatory synapse density showed early and sustained reduction in T‐S synapses in zQ175 mice, preceding C‐S synapse depletion, which was rescued in zQ175:CK2α’(+/−). Changes in T‐S and C‐S synapses were accompanied by progressive alterations in numerous neurochemicals between WT and HD mice. Linear regression analyses showed C‐S synapse number positively correlated with 1H‐MRS‐measured levels of GABA, while T‐S synapse number positively correlated with levels of phosphoethanolamine and negatively correlated with total creatine levels. These associations suggest that these neurochemical concentrations measured by 1H‐MRS may facilitate monitoring circuit‐specific synaptic dysfunction in the zQ175 mouse model and in other HD pre‐clinical studies.image
Language, gender and political symbolics: Insights from citizen digital discourses on gender‐sensitive language in Serbia
Authors: Bogetic Ksenija 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe topic of gendered language policy has engaged the public for decades, while at the same time becoming increasingly theoretically marginal in the gender and language field. The recent public debates in many parts of Europe, however, highlight the new frames of the topic in the era of rising authoritarian and right‐wing discourses, which make notions of ‘gender ideology’ a central symbolic point in neo‐nationalist rhetoric. As a hub of this ‘gender trouble’, Eastern European societies have lately attracted particular public attention, but they remain among the least explored in the field. This paper stresses that the complexity of discourses in the post‐socialist, post‐‘transition’ societies, along with their specific structural‐linguistic features, promises rich grounds to assess the newly shifting discourses around gender and language policy in Europe. The study contributes to this research direction by employing a corpus‐based, discourse‐analytic approach to analyse the media representations, and particularly the citizen responses, in Serbia, which has recently witnessed intense debates on gender, language and politics. The analysis reveals clear trajectories with the discourses described in earlier research, but also some shifting foci pertaining to questions of ‘true science’, distrust of authority and wider social crisis, pointing to emerging global challenges in gender and language research.
Phylogenetic diversity only weakly mitigates climate‐change‐driven biodiversity loss in insect communities
Authors: Li Zongxu , Linard Benjamin , Vogler Alfried P. , Yu Douglas W. , Wang Zhengyang 
Published: October 2022

AbstractTo help address the underrepresentation of arthropods and Asian biodiversity from climate‐change assessments, we carried out year‐long, weekly sampling campaigns with Malaise traps at different elevations and latitudes in Gaoligongshan National Park in southwestern China. From these 623 samples, we barcoded 10,524 beetles and compared scenarios of climate‐change‐induced biodiversity loss, by designating seasonal, elevational, and latitudinal subsets of beetles as communities that plausibly could go extinct as a group, which we call “loss sets”. The availability of a published mitochondrial‐genome‐based phylogeny of the Coleoptera allowed us to compare the loss of species diversity with and without accounting for phylogenetic relatedness. We hypothesised that phylogenetic relatedness would mitigate extinction, since the extinction of any loss set would result in the disappearance of all its species but only part of its evolutionary history, which is still extant in the remaining loss sets. We found different patterns of community clustering by season and latitude, depending on whether phylogenetic information was incorporated. However, accounting for phylogeny only slightly mitigated the amount of biodiversity loss under climate change scenarios, against our expectations: there is no phylogenetic “escape clause” for biodiversity conservation. We achieve the same results whether phylogenetic information was derived from the mitogenome phylogeny or from a de novo barcode‐gene tree. We encourage interested researchers to use this data set to study lineage‐specific community assembly patterns in conjunction with life‐history traits and environmental covariates.