bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cost and Cost Driver Analysis of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Using Time-Driven Activity-Based Costing
Authors: Huyke-Hernández Fernando A. , Siljander Breana , Flagstad Ilexa , Only Arthur , Parikh Harsh R. , Tompkins Marc , Nelson Bradley , Kweon Christopher , Cunningham Brian 
Published: October 2022

Background:
As health care transitions toward value-based care, orthopaedics has started to implement time-driven activity-based costing (TDABC) to understand costs and cost drivers. TDABC has not previously been used to study cost drivers in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). The purpose of this study was to use TDABC to (1) calculate bone-tendon-bone (BTB) and hamstring ACLR total costs of care and (2) evaluate the impact of graft choice and other factors on ACLR costs.

Methods:
Data were collected from electronic medical records for primary ACLR from the institutional patient-reported outcome registry between 2009 and 2016 in 1 ambulatory surgery center. Patients receiving allograft, revision ACLR, or concomitant meniscal repair or ligament reconstruction were excluded. The total cost of care was determined using TDABC. Multivariate regression analysis was conducted between ACLR cost and group characteristics.

Results:
A total of 328 patients were included; 211 (64.3%) received BTB autograft and 117 (35.7%) received hamstring autograft. The mean cost was $2,865.01 ± $263.45 (95% confidence interval: $2,829.26, $2,900.77) for BTB ACLR versus $3,377.44 ± $320.12 ($3,318.82, $3,436.05) for hamstring ACLR (p < 0.001). Operative time was 103.1 ± 25.1 (99.7, 106.5) minutes for BTB ACLR versus 113.1 ± 27.9 (108.0, 118.2) minutes for hamstring ACLR (p = 0.001). The total implant cost was $270.32 ± $97.08 ($257.15, $283.50) for BTB ACLR versus $587.36 ± $108.78 ($567.44, $607.28) for hamstring ACLR (p < 0.001). Hamstring graft (p = 0.006) and suspensory fixation on the femoral side (p = 0.011) were associated with increased costs.

Conclusions:
The mean cost of care and operative time for BTB autograft ACLR are less than those for hamstring autograft ACLR. Operative time, implant choice, and graft choice were identified as modifiable cost drivers that can empower surgeons to manage primary ACLR costs while maximizing the value of the procedure.

Level of Evidence:
Economic and Decision Analysis Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Culture of HULEC-5a Cells
Authors: Vitucci Eva CM , McCullough Shaun D. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This protocol describes the thawing, culturing, and cryopreservation of the human lung microvascular endothelial cell line, HULEC-5a (Mehta et al., 2006). Disclaimer: The contents of this article have been reviewed by the US Environmental Protection Agency and approved for publication and do not necessarily represent Agency policy. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendations for use. NOTE: There is a consolidated PDF version of this protocol in the supplementary files section below.
Distribution of Tacyarrhythmia and Its Immediate Outcome Presenting In Pediatric Emergency Department at Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Raza Ali , Shaikh Abdul Satttar , Korejo Hussain Bux , Ahasan Aliya Kemal , Sangi Rumana , Ahmed Shakeel 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Objective
To determine the distribution of different types of arrhythmia and immediate outcome in children presenting in emergency department of a tertiary care hospital.
Study Design:
An observational analytical cohort study.
Place and Duration:
The department of cardiology, National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (NICVD), Karachi from January 2022 to July 2022.
Methodology:
A total of 91 children of both genders aged 1 day to 18 years presenting with one or more of the following symptoms: chest pain, bradycardia, tachycardia and/or syncope and diagnosed as cases of arrhythmia were included. Detailed medical history and information about demographic and clinical parameters were obtained. Complete general and cardiac examinations including 12 leads ECG, 2-D Echo study and the holter study for those with unexplained arrhythmias, syncope were performed. Distribution of arrhythmia types and immediate treatment outcomes were noted.
Results
In a total of 91 children, 46 (50.5%) were male. The mean age was 8.13 ± 4.45 year. Palpitation and chest pain were the commonest presenting symptoms reported in 87 (95.6%) and 25 (27.5%) children respectively. Acyanotic CHDs were found in 29 (31.9%) children. Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) was observed to be the most frequent type of arrhythmias noted in 31 (34.1%) children while atrial fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia were the other most common arrhythmias noted in 19 (20.9%) and 15 (16.5%) children respectively. Amiodarone was the most frequent choice of treatment that responded well in 35 (38.5%) children and was mainly utilized in children with supraventricular tachycardia. Propranolol responded well in 34 (37.4%) children. Mean duration of hospital stay was 4.55 ± 3.32 days while mortality was noted in 4 (4.4%) children.
Conclusion
Palpitation and chest pain were the commonest presenting symptoms among children with arrhythmias. Supraventricular tachycardia, atrial fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia were the other most frequent types of arrhythmia. Overall outcome of arrhythmias treatment was good.
Anterior Quadratus Lumborum Block Area Comparison in the Three Different Volumes of Ropivacaine: A Double-blind, Randomized Controlled Trial in Healthy Volunteers
Authors: Shao Liang , Luo Xu , Ye Yingchao , Liu Le , Cai Yaoyao , Xia Yun , Papadimos Thomas J , Wang Quanguang , Pan Linmin 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackground In abdominal surgery, ultrasound-guided anterior quadratus lumborum blocks (QLB) are performed for inducing analgesia. However, no study reported the suitable volumes of the anterior QLB for the different postoperative analgesia regions. This prospective randomized controlled study assessed the dermatomal spread and analgesic effects of the three different volumes of a local anesthetic for anterior QLB. Methods Ultrasound-guided anterior QLB was performed at the L2 level on 30 healthy volunteers. The participants were randomized to receive 20 ml (n = 10), 30 ml (n = 10) and 40 mL (n = 10) of 0.375% ropivacaine. The cutaneous sensory blocked area (CSBA), the number of block dermatomes, and the block duration time were measured by determining the extent of the cold sensation. Results The CSBA was significantly larger in the 40 ml group than the 30 (P = 0.001; 1350.6 ± 234.4 vs 1009.5 ± 151.6 cm2) and 20 ml groups (P < 0.001; 1350.6 ± 234.4 vs 808.1 ± 120.5 cm2). Similarly, the number of blocked dermatomes was significantly higher in the 40 ml group than in the 30 and 20 ml groups. No significant difference was observed in block duration among the groups. Conclusions No difference was observed in block duration with the various volumes of 0.375% ropivacaine. However, the larger volume for anterior QLB contributed to a larger area of cutaneous sensory blockade. Appropriate volumes in anterior QLB can create suitable postoperative analgesia levels for the different operative sites. Trials Registration: The study was registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registration Center on www.chictr.org.cn on 27 April 2018 (registration number: ChiCTR-IOR-17010853).
Pyro-Velocity: Probabilistic RNA Velocity inference from single-cell data
Authors: Pinello Luca , Bingham Eli , Qin Qian , Langenau David , Manno Gioele La 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Single-cell RNA Velocity has dramatically advanced our ability to model cellular differentiation and cell fate decisions. However, current preprocessing choices and model assumptions often lead to errors in assigning developmental trajectories. Here, we develop, Pyro-Velocity, a Bayesian, generative, and multivariate RNA Velocity model to estimate the uncertainty of cell future states. This approach models raw sequencing counts with the synchronized cell time across all expressed genes to provide quantifiable and improved information on cell fate choices and developmental trajectory dynamics.
Effects of the bamboo shoot biochar on indexes of serum, antioxidant indexes of kidney and gut microbiota in db/db diabetic mice
Authors: Ye Minger , Dai Guanhai , Shen Bin , Zhang Hongliang , Qu Guangyi 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In this study, the db/db mices that met the model standard were randomly divided into model control group, drug group and normal control group of m/m mice of the same age. The model control group and normal control group were given10.0ml kg-1 drinking water by gavage, and the drug group was gavaged by 1.0g kg-1the bamboo shoot biochar, once a day in each group. The results showed that compared with the model group, the blood glucose level of db/db diabetes mice was decreased after 6 weeks by gavage with bamboo shoot biochar, and the levels of GSP, FFA, LEP and AGEs in serum decreased to varying degrees, while INS increased significantly. The antioxidant activities of SOD, GSH-PX and CAT in kidney were increased in varying degrees. The gut community structure in fresh contents of ileocecal region was significantly changed. At the Phylum level, compared with the normal control group, the relative abundance of Bacteroidota and Actinobacterota in the model group was significantly reduced, while the relative abundance of Firmicutes and Proteobacteria was significantly increased. Compared with the model group, the relative abundance of Bacteroidota and Proteobacteria in the drug group decreased significantly, while the relative abundance of Firmicutes and Actinobacterota increased significantly. At the genus level, compared with the normal control group, the relative abundance of norank_f_Muribaculaceae, Desulfovibrio, Enterrhabdus, Odoribacter, Bifidobacteriumin the model group decreased significantly, while the relative abundance of Turicibacte and norank_f_Lachnospiraceae, Romboutsia, unclassified_f_Lachnospiraceaeincreased significantly. Compared with the model group, the relative abundances of norank_f_muribaculaceae, Bacteroides and Romboutsiain the drug group decreased significantly (P<0.01), while the relative abundances of Lactobacillus, Desulfovibrio, Enterhabdus, Bifidobacterium and Turicibacter increased significantly (P<0.05-0.001).
Inhibition of IDH3α enhanced the efficacy of chemoimmunotherapy by activating cGAS-STING pathway through regulating acidic tumor microenvironments
Authors: Zhang Lingling , Dai Xiaoyan , Xu Wenwen , Song Yang , Li Mengxia , Zhu Yuxi 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Chemoimmunotherapy is the treatment of choice for some advanced progressive cancers, but it is only effective in a small subset of patients. Transcriptional upregulation of isocitrate dehydrogenase 3α (IDH3α) promoted cancer progression through metabolic reprogramming. Here, we demonstrated that IDH3α is elevated in uterine cervical cancer (UCC) and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patient samples and promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in cervical cancer cells. Silencing IDH3α inhibited α-ketoglutarate production and glycolysis and reduced lactate release. In addition to regulating the acidic microenvironment, IDH3α activates the cGAS-STING pathway after treatment with cisplatin and programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) antibody in vivo and promotes CD8 + T cell infiltration and cytokine release. In conclusion, our data demonstrated that silencing IDH3α sensitizes chemoimmunotherapy by modulating the acidic microenvironment and activating the cGAS-STING pathway, which aims to improve the efficacy of chemoimmune-based combination therapy for patients with limited resistance.
Back and neck musculoskeletal symptoms associated with the level of postural risk experienced by dentists
Authors: García Claudia Lorena , Roa Armando , Pérez Adolfo , Losada Walter , Ortiz Claudia Patricia , Delgado Daniel Ricardo 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Objective
Musculoskeletal discomfort is a health problem prevalent among dentists which negatively affects their daily living activities. Dentistry is a profession that requires great precision and concentration, and it is generally associated with a high prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders. The purpose of this study was to determine the musculoskeletal symptomatology of the back and neck associated with the level of postural risk in dentist’s work.
Methodology
In this cross-sectional observational study, 187 dentistry from the cities of Palmira and Neiva were included. The researchers applied a validated questionnaire, the Nordic Kuorinka questionnaire and the Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) method through recordings and photographs; additional questions were included considering the total duration of work experience in dental practice. Qualitative variables were analysed using proportions to determine the prevalence of neck and back musculoskeletal symptomatology, whereas quantitative variables were analysed using central and dispersion tendency measures. An ordinal logistic regression was applied to show the relationship between musculoskeletal symptomatology and the level of postural risk of the REBA method.
Result
Results show 71.1% prevalence of back musculoskeletal symptomatology and 60% prevalence of neck symptomatology. Dentists were affected when performing their activities in the last 12 months due to musculoskeletal discomfort in the back (58.2%) and neck (17.2%). The possible causes of these discomforts were distributed as follows: 35.9% was claimed to long working hours and 23.5% to bad posture. The REBA score indicates an average level of postural risk with a prevalence of 59.8%. A statistically significant relationship between prolonged time at the workplace was identified (odd ratio = 1.3; p = 0.03; 95% confidence interval = 1.1–2.9) with the average postural risk level of the REBA method between bad posture (χ2 = 48.41; p = 0.000).
Conclusion
The study determined a high prevalence of musculoskeletal symptomatology in the neck and back and a score level of the REBA method equivalent to the average risk level; that is why, task changes may be required. Occupational health education programs could be effective in reducing these discomforts.
Population study: Incidence of Congenital Cataracts and Efficacy of Screening Programme
Authors: Pritchard Edward , Tan Rosanne , Shirley Kate , George Sonia , McLoone Eibhlin 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
The red reflex test (RRT) is widely used as a screening tool to detect congenital cataract. This study aims to determine the incidence of congenital cataract in Northern Ireland and to evaluate the success of the RRT screening programme.
Methods
Retrospective review of consecutive abnormal red reflex referrals in 2017 and 2018 inclusive. We collected data on the source and timing of referral, diagnostic outcome, visually significant cataract, and surgical intervention. Additionally, data was collected on all cases of confirmed congenital cataract diagnosed in the Regional Paediatric Ophthalmology Service within the same time period.
Results
In the study period, 179 children with suspected red reflex abnormalities were referred. In the same period, thirteen patients were diagnosed with visually significant congenital cataract under one year. Eight (62%) were female and seven (54%) affected both eyes. Only 46% were detected through the screening programme. Three children were above one year of age at the time of diagnosis with sub-optimal outcomes. Six patients were diagnosed with non-visually significant congenital cataract and one juvenile onset were not included. Eight infants diagnosed with lens opacities required surgical intervention. Incidence of visually significant congenital cataract in Northern Ireland was calculated at 2.8 per ten thousand live births per year.
Conclusions
Northern Ireland has a similar incidence of congenital cataract compared to the remainder of the UK. This study highlights that red reflex screening requires further refinement, which can be augmented by pupillary dilatation, to ensure timely diagnosis and improve visual outcomes. ​
Degradation characteristics of four different diets in the rumen of goat
Authors: ismartoyo ismartoyo , Islamiyati Rohmiyatul , Muhammad Rusdy , Wijaya Andi Ikhsan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The main aim of this experiment in sacco was to examine the characteristic degradation of four grasses in the rumen of goat. Those of four grasses studied were R1 = Elephant grass, R2 = Mini elephant grass, R3 = Panicum maximum grass, and R4 = Brachiaria decumbens grass. Randomised complete design (RCD) was employed to allocate four fistulated goat. The protocol for this study was approved by the Ethical Review Committee of the University of Hasanuddin Makassar, before the commencement of the experiment. Goat was kept in an individual metabolism crate and fed with general purpose diets. A general purpose (GP) diet was mixed with equal amounts of those 4 grasses Elephant grass (R1), Mini elephant grass (R2), Panicum maximum grass (R3) and Brachiaria decumbens grass (R4). The GP diet was added with 20% of rice bran. Water and salt were provided ad libitum. Voluntary feed intake was then measured every day by weighing feed offered at 7am and feed residue at 7 am in the next day. In order to determine the DM degradability, 3 g samples of four grasses were weighed in duplicates into standard nylon bags. The bags were incubated in the rumen and withdrawn after 4, 8, 12, 24, 48, and 72h. The result of this experiment showed that the average of feed voluntary feed intakes was dry matter 460.5g/d, organic matter 984.9g/d, and crude protein 139.8g/d, respectively. The dry matter loss at 72h after incubation was R1 = 55.7%, R2 = 55.6%, R3 = 53.2%, and R4 = 46.1%, respectively. The crude protein loss after 72h of incubation was 71.9%, 62.7%, 72.1%, and 62.5%, respectively. The characteristics degradation of R1was a = 9.9%, b = 64.4%, and c = 0.05; R2 was a = 16.5%. b = 45.3%. c = 0.04; R3 was a = 7.4%. b = 68.2%. and c = 0.04; and R4 was a = 6.7%, b = 56.2%, and c = 0.06. Mini elephant grass had the longest of lag time (4.2h) compared to that of other grass studied (average 1.2h). It is concluded that all grasses investigated were acceptable, palatable, and readily degradable by rumen microbes in the rumen of goat. Therefor those of 4 grasses are a good feed resources for ruminant.
Prevalence and Associated Factors of Metabolic Bone Disease in Men with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Kamaruzaman Hanis Rabeah , Hatta Sharifah Faradila Wan Muhamad , Sharif Nur Hidayati Mohd , Ismail Zaliha , Idorus Mohd Yusri , Rahman Thuhairah Hasrah Abdul , Razali Rafezah , Ghani Rohana Abdul 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
INTRODUCTION Postmenopausal women and people over the age of 70 are more likely to develop osteoporosis. It is recognized as significant comorbidity among those with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and male fractures are on the rise with higher rates of mortality than women (37.5% vs 28.2% respectively). However, there is a scarcity of data linking T2DM and metabolic bone disease in men.
OBJECTIVE Our study aimed to determine the prevalence of metabolic bone diseases, including osteoporosis and osteopenia, and the associated factors, bone turnover markers, and vitamin D in men with T2DM.
METHOD This is a cross-sectional, single-center study in men above 50 years of age with T2DM, conducted from December 2021 to June 2022. Demographic data, baseline comorbidities, and biochemical profiles including urine albumin-creatinine ratio (UACR) was obtained. Bone turnover markers including C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX) and bone-specific alkaline phosphates (bsALP) were measured. Osteoporosis and osteopenia were determined by Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA).
RESULT Total of 148 men with T2DM with a median age of 64 (IqR 11) years was recruited. The prevalence of metabolic bone disease in the study population was 20.3%. Multivariate analysis shows total bilirubin level [OR: 1.13 (95% CI: 1.050, 1.223) p<0.001], high intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) level ≥6.9 pmol/L [OR 3.05 (95% CI: 1.141, 8.187), p=0.026] and use of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor (DPP4i) [OR 0.274 (95% CI: 0.093, 0.809) p=0.01] are predictors of metabolic bone disease in the study population.
CONCLUSION Metabolic bone disease affects about 1 in 5 men with T2DM patients, and its risk factors include increased total bilirubin and iPTH level. The use of DPP4i for the treatment of T2DM was shown to be somewhat protective against metabolic bone disease. There is a need to identify metabolic bone disease in men with T2DM so early intervention could be initiated to prevent fractures.
In vitro and in vivo profile of PT-31 GIRSUPAN, a novel α2-adrenoceptor agonist with analgesic properties
Authors: Cimatti Hellen Mariana Baldan , Pestana Kelly Chrystina , de Moraes Luis Henrique Oliveira , Planeta Cleopatra da Silva , Pitta Maira Galdino da Rocha , Pitta Ivan da Rocha , Peccinini Rosângela Gonçalves 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe compound 3-(2-chloro-6-fluoro-benzyl)-imidazolidine-2,4-dione (PT-31 GIRSUPAN; PT-31) has analgesic effects through the activation of a2-adrenoceptors in the central nervous system. Furthermore, when administered via the intraperitoneal (IP) route in mice (15 mg/kg), the compound shows a synergistic effect with morphine. This study aimed to investigate some properties of PT-31, namely partition coefficient (logP) and chemical stability in vitro (buffer) and ex vivo (rat plasma), and to evaluate its pharmacokinetic profile in Wistar rats after IP and oral administration as a single dose. PT-31 was also administered alone and combined with morphine in Wistar rats to assess liver and kidney toxicity and the potential for addiction. An HPLC-MS/MS bioanalytical method was developed and validated to determine PT-31, which showed suitable confidence limits for the intended application. The log P of PT-31 was 1.2 using the shake flask method. In the pharmacokinetic study of the compound administered alone, the clearance (Cl) observed was similar between IP and oral routes, but the distribution volume (0.978 and 0.681 L/kg, respectively) and elimination half-life (3.7 and 2.9 h, respectively) were significantly higher in oral administration (p<0.05). The compound has high oral absorption compared to that IP administration. PT-31 when combined with morphine showed changes in pharmacokinetic parameters. No changes in biochemical parameters related to liver and kidney function were observed. The results of locomotor activity demonstrated that the compound did not change the behavior of the animals at the doses administered (3, 5, 10, and 20 mg/kg), indicating that the compound had no addictive potential. These findings showed that the PT-31 GIRSUPAN has promising features for potential clinical application.