bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Syntaxin 4 is essential for hearing in human and zebrafish
Authors: Schrauwen Isabelle , Ghaffar Amama , Bharadwaj Thashi , Shah Khadim , Rehman Sakina , Acharya Anushree , Liaqat Khurram , Lin Nicole S , Everard Jenna L , Khan Anwar , Ahmed Zubair M , Ahmad Wasim , Riazuddin Saima , Leal Suzanne M 
Published: November 2022

AbstractCongenital hearing impairment (HI) is a genetically highly heterogeneous disorder in which prompt recognition and intervention are crucial to optimize outcomes. In this study, we used exome sequencing to investigate a large consanguineous Pakistani family with eight affected individuals showing bilateral severe-to-profound HI. This identified a homozygous splice region variant in STX4 (c.232 + 6T&gt;C), which causes exon skipping and a frameshift, that segregated with HI (two-point logarithm of odds (LOD) score = 5.9). STX4, a member of the syntaxin family, is a component of the SNARE machinery involved in several vesicle transport and recycling pathways. In silico analysis showed that murine orthologue Stx4a is highly and widespread expressed in the developing and adult inner ear. Immunofluorescent imaging revealed localization of STX4A in the cell body, cell membrane and stereocilia of inner and outer hair cells. Furthermore, a morpholino-based knockdown of stx4 in zebrafish showed an abnormal startle response, morphological and developmental defects, and a disrupted mechanotransduction function in neuromast hair cells measured via FM1–43 uptake. Our findings indicate that STX4 dysfunction leads to HI in humans and zebrafish and supports the evolutionary conserved role of STX4 in inner ear development and hair cell functioning.
Preparing pharmacists for the Community Pharmacist Consultation Service: a questionnaire survey
Authors: Seston Elizabeth M , Schafheutle Ellen I , Willis Sarah C , Karolczak-Bayatti Magdalena , Lane Joanne , White Samantha , Shaw Matthew 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectivesThe Community Pharmacist Consultation Service launched in England in 2019. Patients requiring urgent care were referred from National Health Service-based telephone/digital triage or general practice to a community pharmacist, who provided a consultation, which could include a physical examination. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a learning programme to prepare community pharmacists for the service.MethodsLearning programme participants were invited to complete an online survey shortly after the workshop and another survey 3 months later. The survey collected opinions on aspects of the programme, including Likert-type statements and free text questions. The 3-month follow-up survey explored how the programme had helped pharmacists change their practice. Data were analysed in SPSS (v.25; IBM) with inferential statistics used to compare subgroups. Open comments were analysed qualitatively.Key findingsThe learning programme addressed participants’ learning needs including history-taking, clinically observing the patient, performing physical examinations, structuring a consultation, safety-netting, and documenting consultations. Barriers to using skills acquired included low service uptake and a lack of equipment to perform physical examinations. While many participants recognised the importance of skills to provide person-centred care, some participants did not appear to recognise the shift in policy to a more clinical role.ConclusionsThe learning programme resulted in increased confidence and a recognition of a shift in the policy vision for community pharmacist roles. Although some pharmacists appeared to embrace this, others have yet to fully appreciate the need to adapt to be ready for the opportunities that this service can provide.
Integrating patient safety education into pharmacy curriculum in Nigeria
Authors: Lawal Basira Kankia , Mohammed Shafiu 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Recognition has been given to patient safety and healthcare quality as central components of a functional health system which has resulted in increased advocacy for elaborate patient safety content in education and training programmes for health professionals. The World Health Organisation’s patient safety curriculum is an evidence-based framework that provides a valuable resource for the training of healthcare professionals in enhancing patient safety. Other international organisations have also advocated for the need to restructure healthcare professionals’ education to include the concept of patient safety. The ideal time to initiate patient safety education is suggested to be during schooling through curricula that inculcate learning from adverse events. This will prepare pharmacy students as future healthcare professionals who will become better prepared for clinical practice leading to improved healthcare quality and safety.
Disparities in mobile phone use among adults with type 2 diabetes participating in clinical trials 2017–2021
Authors: Nelson Lyndsay A , Alfonsi Samuel P , Lestourgeon Lauren M , Mayberry Lindsay S 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDespite smartphone ownership becoming ubiquitous, it is unclear whether and where disparities persist in experience using health apps. In 2 diverse samples of adults with type 2 diabetes collected 2017–2018 and 2020–2021, we examined adjusted disparities in smartphone ownership and health app use by age, gender, race, education, annual household income, health insurance status, health literacy, and hemoglobin A1c. In the earlier sample (N = 422), 87% owned a smartphone and 49% of those had ever used a health app. Participants with lower income or limited health literacy had ≥50% lower odds of owning a smartphone. Comparatively, in the later sample (N = 330), almost all participants (98%) owned a smartphone and 70% of those had ever used a health app; however, disparities in health app use closely mirrored disparities in smartphone ownership from 2017 to 2018. Our findings suggest device ownership is necessary but insufficient for assuming people will use apps to support their health.
De novo Synthesis of 2-phenylethanol from Glucose by Metabolically Engineered Escherichia coli
Authors: Wang Guanglu , Wang Mengyuan , Yang Jinchu , Li Qian , Zhu Nianqing , Liu Lanxi , Hu Xianmei , Yang Xuepeng 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
2-Phenylethanol (2- PE) is an aromatic alcohol with wide applications, but there is still no efficient microbial cell factory for 2-PE based on Escherichia coli. In this study, we constructed a metabolically engineered E. coli capable of de novo synthesis of 2-PE from glucose. Firstly, the heterologous styrene-derived and Ehrlich pathways were individually constructed in an L-Phe producer. The results showed that the Ehrlich pathway was better suited to the host than the styrene-derived pathway, resulting in a higher 2-PE titer of ∼0.76 ± 0.02 g/L after 72 h of shake flask fermentation. Furthermore, the phenylacetic acid synthase encoded by feaB was deleted to decrease the consumption of 2-phenylacetaldehyde, and the 2-PE titer increased to 1.75 ± 0.08 g/L. As phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) is an important precursor for L-Phe synthesis, both the crr and pykF genes were knocked out, leading to ∼35% increase of the 2-PE titer, which reached 2.36 ± 0.06 g/L. Finally, a plasmid-free engineered strain was constructed based on the Ehrlich pathway by integrating multiple ARO10 cassettes (encoding phenylpyruvate decarboxylases) and overexpressing the yjgB gene. The engineered strain produced 2.28 ± 0.20 g/L of 2-PE with a yield of 0.076 g/g glucose and productivity of 0.048 g/L/h. To our best knowledge, this is the highest titer and productivity ever reported for the de novo synthesis of 2-PE in E. coli. In a 5-L fermenter, the 2-PE titer reached 2.15 g/L after 32 h of fermentation, suggesting that the strain has the potential to efficiently produce higher 2-PE titers following further fermentation optimization.
Management of cancer-related fatigue in Taiwan: an evidence-based consensus for screening, assessment and treatment
Authors: Rau Kun-Ming , Shun Shiow-Ching , Hung Shih-Hsin , Chou Hsiu-Ling , Ho Ching-Liang , Chao Ta-Chung , Liu Chun-Yu , Lien Ching-Ting , Hong Ming-Ying , Wu Ching-Jung , Tsai Li-Yun , Jane Sui-Whi , Hsieh Ruey-Kuen 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background
Cancer-related fatigue is one of the most common and persistent issues experienced by cancer patients. Cancer-related fatigue is a distinct form of fatigue that is subjective, long-lasting and unalleviated by rest or sleep. Studies have shown that almost all cancer patients experience severe fatigue that disrupts the quality of life and physical function, but cancer-related fatigue remains under-addressed in clinical care, and only about half of all patients receive treatment.

Methods
To increase the awareness of cancer-related fatigue and improve current management, the Taiwan Society of Cancer Palliative Medicine and the Taiwan Oncology Nursing Society convened a consensus committee to develop recommendations for the screening, assessment and treatment of cancer-related fatigue.

Results
Thirteen consensus recommendations were subsequently developed based on the best available evidence and the clinical experience of committee members.

Conclusions
These recommendations are expected to facilitate the standardization of cancer-related fatigue management across Taiwan and may also serve as a reference for other clinicians.
Comparison of Trap Efficiency Using Suction Traps Baited With Either UV or CO2 for the Capture of Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) Species in the Southern California Desert, United States
Authors: Zhang Xinmi , Li Jun , Gerry Alec C 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Culicoides Latreille (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) biting midges are hematophagous flies that can transmit several disease-causing pathogens to animals. Surveillance of Culicoides is important for understanding pathogen transmission risk. The most commonly used traps for midge surveillance are suction traps baited with UV light or CO2. Culicoides species are understudied in the southern California desert region and trapping methods for these desert midges remain largely unexplored. In this study, capture rates of different Culicoides species were compared using suction traps baited with either UV or CO2 placed at two locations at a southern California desert site where a narrow canyon (Deep Canyon) drains the adjacent peninsular mountain range and leads to an expansive floodplain. Over all trap nights and locations, UV-baited traps outperformed CO2-baited traps for most Culicoides species captured at the study site, except for Culicoides sonorensis Wirth and Jones and C. mohave Wirth. Capture rates varied for each species by trap location, with desert Culicoides species captured in greater numbers at the canyon mouth while C. sonorensis and C. mohave were captured in greater numbers on the floodplain nearer to urban development including a golf course and small zoo. An interaction of trap type with trapping location on the capture rate was noted for some Culicoides species, especially for C. mohave which was captured in greater numbers using UV traps at the canyon mouth but captured in greater numbers using CO2 traps in the floodplain. This trap efficiency study will facilitate future research targeting Culicoides species in the southern California desert.
Identification of Tumor Suppressor Gene LHPP-Based 5-microRNA Signature That Predicts the Early- and Midstage Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Two-Stage Case-Control Study in the Chinese Han Population
Authors: Zhao Xiang , Zhu Xiaocun , Wang Luoshai , Chen Yurao , Chen Ronghuai , Zheng Zemao , Yang Hengjin , Xia Wan , Yao Juan , Zhao Kun 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Objective
To establish a novel approach for diagnosing early- and midstage esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).

Methods
The tumor suppressor gene phospholysine phosphohistidine inorganic pyrophosphate phosphatase (LHPP)–based miRNA signature was identified using next-generation sequencing and 3 biological online prediction systems. This retrospective study established and validated an ESCC prediction model using a test cohort and a validation cohort.

Results
Immunohistochemical staining and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) results showed that LHPP protein levels were significantly lower in tissues with early- and midstage ESCC than in adjacent tissues (P &lt; .01). Further, we confirmed that miR-15b-5p, miR-424-5p, miR-497-5p, miR-363-5p, and miR-195-5p inhibited LHPP. These 5 miRNAs were significantly elevated in the plasma of early- and midstage ESCC (P &lt; .05). An ESCC prediction model combining these 5 miRNAs was established. Finally, in the external validation cohort, the model exhibited high discriminative value (sensitivity/specificity: 84.4%/93.3%).

Conclusions
The prediction model has potential implications for diagnosis of early- and midstage ESCC.
The X-ray angular power spectrum of extended sources in the eROSITA Final Equatorial Depth survey
Authors: Lau Erwin T , Bogdán Ákos , Chadayammuri Urmila , Nagai Daisuke , Kraft Ralph P , Cappelluti Nico 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
The eROSITA Final Equatorial Depth Survey (eFEDS), with a sky area of 140 square degrees with depth equivalent to the equatorial patch of the final eROSITA all-sky survey, represents the largest continuous non-full-sky X-ray fields to-date, making it the premier data set for measuring the angular power spectrum. In this work, we measure the X-ray angular power spectrum of galaxy clusters and groups in the eFEDS field. We show that the measured power spectrum is consistent with past observations, including the ROSAT All Sky Survey, and the Chandra COSMOS and Bootes fields. The predictions of cluster gas halo model that is calibrated from Chandra observations is also consistent with the eFEDS power spectrum. While the eFEDS does not have large enough sky coverage to provide meaningful cosmological constraints, we predict that the X-ray power spectrum from the cycle 4 of the eROSITA all-sky survey (eRASS4) will provide constraints on ΩM and σ8 at the $10{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ level.
Mapping the circumnuclear regions of the Circinus galaxy with the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer
Authors: Ursini F , Marinucci A , Matt G , Bianchi S , Marin F , Marshall H L , Middei R , Poutanen J , Rogantini D , De Rosa A , Di Gesu L , García J A , Ingram A , Kim D E , Krawczynski H , Puccetti S , Soffitta P , Svoboda J , Tombesi F , Weisskopf M C , Barnouin T , Perri M , Podgorny J , Ratheesh A , Zaino A , Agudo I , Antonelli L A , Bachetti M , Baldini L , Baumgartner W H , Bellazzini R , Bongiorno S D , Bonino R , Brez A , Bucciantini N , Capitanio F , Castellano S , Cavazzuti E , Ciprini S , Costa E , Del Monte E , Di Lalla N , Di Marco A , Donnarumma I , Doroshenko V , Dovciak M , Ehlert S R , Enoto T , Evangelista Y , Fabiani S , Ferrazzoli R , Gunji S , Heyl J , Iwakiri W , Jorstad S G , Karas V , Kitaguchi T , Kolodziejczak J J , La Monaca F , Latronico L , Liodakis I , Maldera S , Manfreda A , Marscher A P , Mitsuishi I , Mizuno T , Muleri F , Ng C Y , O’Dell S L , Omodei N , Oppedisano C , Papitto A , Pavlov G G , Peirson A L , Pesce-Rollins M , Petrucci P-O , Pilia M , Possenti A , Ramsey B D , Rankin J , Romani R W , Sgrò C , Slane P , Spandre G , Tamagawa T , Tavecchio F , Taverna R , Tawara Y , Tennant A F , Thomas N E , Trois A , Tsygankov S S , Turolla R , Vink J , Wu K , Xie F , Zane S 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
We report on the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE) observation of the closest and X-ray brightest Compton-thick active galactic nucleus (AGN), the Circinus galaxy. We find the source to be significantly polarized in the 2–6 keV band. From previous studies, the X-ray spectrum is known to be dominated by reflection components, both neutral (torus) and ionized (ionization cones). Our analysis indicates that the polarization degree is 28 ± 7 per cent (at 68 per cent confidence level) for the neutral reflector, with a polarization angle of 18° ± 5°, roughly perpendicular to the radio jet. The polarization of the ionized reflection is unconstrained. A comparison with Monte Carlo simulations of the polarization expected from the torus shows that the neutral reflector is consistent with being an equatorial torus with a half-opening angle of 45°–55°. This is the first X-ray polarization detection in a Seyfert galaxy, demonstrating the power of X-ray polarimetry in probing the geometry of the circumnuclear regions of AGNs, and confirming the basic predictions of standard Unification Models.
Hadronic signatures from magnetically dominated baryon-loaded AGN jets
Authors: Petropoulou Maria , Psarras Filippos , Giannios Dimitrios 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
Blazars are a rare class of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) with relativistic jets pointing towards the observer. Jets are thought to be launched as Poynting-flux dominated outflows that accelerate to relativistic speeds at the expense of the available magnetic energy. In this work, we consider electron–proton jets and assume that particles are energized via magnetic reconnection in parts of the jet where the magnetization is still high (σ ≥ 1). The magnetization and bulk Lorentz factor Γ are related to the available jet energy per baryon as μ = Γ(1 + σ). We adopt an observationally motivated relation between Γ and the mass accretion rate into the black hole $\dot{m}$, which also controls the luminosity of external radiation fields. We numerically compute the photon and neutrino jet emission as a function of μ and σ. We find that the blazar SED is produced by synchrotron and inverse Compton radiation of accelerated electrons, while the emission of hadronic-related processes is subdominant except for the highest magnetization considered. We show that low-luminosity blazars (Lγ ≲ 1045 erg s−1) are associated with less powerful, slower jets with higher magnetizations in the jet dissipation region. Their broad-band photon spectra resemble those of BL Lac objects, and the expected neutrino luminosity is $L_{\nu +\bar{\nu }}\sim (0.3-1)\, L_{\gamma }$. High-luminosity blazars (Lγ ≫ 1045 erg s−1) are associated with more powerful, faster jets with lower magnetizations. Their broad-band photon spectra resemble those of flat spectrum radio quasars, and they are expected to be dim neutrino sources with $L_{\nu +\bar{\nu }}\ll L_{\gamma }$.
Scrutiny of a very young, metal-poor star-forming Lyα emitter at z ≈ 3.7
Authors: Iani E , Zanella A , Vernet J , Richard J , Gronke M , Arrigoni-Battaia F , Bolamperti A , Caputi K I , Humphrey A , Rodighiero G , Rinaldi P , Vanzella E 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
The origin of the Lyman α (Lyα) emission in galaxies is a long-standing issue: despite several processes known to originate this line (e.g. active galactic nucleus, star formation, cold accretion, shock heating), it is difficult to discriminate among these phenomena based on observations. Recent studies have suggested that the comparison of the ultraviolet (UV) and optical properties of these sources could solve the riddle. For this reason, we investigate the rest-frame UV and optical properties of Abell 2895b, a strongly lensed Lyα emitter at redshift z ∼ 3.7. From this study, we find that our target is a compact (rn ∼ 1.2 pkpc) star-forming (star formation rate ≃11 M⊙ yr−1) galaxy having a young stellar population. Interestingly, we measure a high ratio of the Hβ and the UV continuum monochromatic luminosities (L(Hβ)/L(UV) ≃ 100). Based on tracks of theoretical stellar models (starburst99 and bpass), we can only partially explain this result by assuming a recent (≲10 Myr), bursty episode of star formation and considering models characterized by binary stars, a top-heavy initial mass function and subsolar metallicities (Z ≲ 0.01 Z⊙). These assumptions also explain the observed low (C/O) abundance of our target (≃0.23(C/O)⊙). By comparing the UV and optical data sets, we find that the Lyα and UV continuum are more extended (×2) than the Balmer lines, and that the peak of the Lyα is offset (≃0.6 pkpc). The multiwavelength results of our analysis suggest that the observed Lyα emission originates from a recent star formation burst, likely taking place in an off-centre clump.
C/2020 S3 (Erasmus): Comet with a presumably transient maximum of linear polarization Pmax
Authors: Chornaya Ekaterina , Zubko Evgenij , Kochergin Anton , Zheltobryukhov Maxim , Videen Gorden , Kornienko Gennady , Kim Sungsoo S 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
We measured the degree of linear polarization of Comet C/2020 S3 (Erasmus) on 2020 November 13, 20, 22, and 23, while the comet was observed at large phase angles, α = 62.6°–66.6°. On the first two epochs, the polarization closely matched what was previously observed in Comet C/1989 X1 (Austin). On the third epoch, the polarization was found to rise slightly, and on the latest epoch, it rose significantly, exceeding that of Comet Austin. On the last observation, the polarization of Comet Erasmus appears to be more consistent with what was previously seen in Comet C/1996 B2 (Hyakutake) at a similar phase angle. While such short-term transient behaviour has been seen previously, Comets Austin and Hyakutake belong to two different classes in classifications based on the amplitude of their positive polarization Pmax and, hence, Comet Erasmus revealed a transition from the class of low-Pmax comets to that of high-Pmax comets within only a few days. Polarization images and modelling suggest that the transition occurred due to a decrease in the relative abundance of Mg-rich silicate particles in the inner coma by 1/3, revealing a qualitative change in emanations of dust particles from the Erasmus nucleus.
A Herschel study of G214.5−1.8: a young, cold, and quiescent giant molecular filament on the shell of a H i superbubble
Authors: Clarke S D , Sánchez-Monge Á , Williams G M , Howard A D P , Walch S , Schneider N 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
We present an analysis of the outer Galaxy giant molecular filament (GMF) G214.5−1.8 (G214.5) using Herschel data. We find that G214.5 has a mass of ∼16 000 M⊙, yet hosts only 15 potentially protostellar 70-$\mu$m sources, making it highly quiescent compared to equally massive clouds such as Serpens and Mon R2. We show that G214.5 has a unique morphology, consisting of a narrow ‘Main filament’ running north–south and a perpendicular ‘Head’ structure running east–west. We identify 33 distinct massive clumps from the column density maps, 8 of which are protostellar. However, the star formation activity is not evenly spread across G214.5 but rather predominantly located in the Main filament. Studying the Main filament in a manner similar to previous works, we find that G214.5 is most like a ‘Bone’ candidate GMF, highly elongated and massive, but it is colder and narrower than any such GMF. It also differs significantly due to its low fraction of high column density gas. Studying the radial profile, we discover that G214.5 is highly asymmetric and resembles filaments which are known to be compressed externally. Considering its environment, we find that G214.5 is co-incident, spatially and kinematically, with a H i superbubble. We discuss how a potential interaction between G214.5 and the superbubble may explain G214.5’s morphology, asymmetry and, paucity of dense gas and star formation activity, highlighting the intersection of a bubble-driven interstellar medium paradigm with that of a filament paradigm for star formation.