bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Droplet-based bioprinting enables the fabrication of cell–hydrogel–microfibre composite tissue precursors
Authors: Kotlarz Marcin , Ferreira Ana M. , Gentile Piergiorgio , Russell Stephen J. , Dalgarno Kenneth 
Published: April 2022

AbstractComposites offer the option of coupling the individual benefits of their constituents to achieve unique material properties, which can be of extra value in many tissue engineering applications. Strategies combining hydrogels with fibre-based scaffolds can create tissue constructs with enhanced biological and structural functionality. However, developing efficient and scalable approaches to manufacture such composites is challenging. Here, we use a droplet-based bioprinting system called reactive jet impingement (ReJI) to integrate a cell-laden hydrogel with a microfibrous mesh. This system uses microvalves connected to different bioink reservoirs and directed to continuously jet bioink droplets at one another in mid-air, where the droplets react and form a hydrogel that lands on a microfibrous mesh. Cell–hydrogel–fibre composites are produced by embedding human dermal fibroblasts at two different concentrations (5 × 106 and 30 × 106 cells/mL) in a collagen–alginate–fibrin hydrogel matrix and bioprinted onto a fibre-based substrate. Our results show that both types of cell–hydrogel–microfibre composite maintain high cell viability and promote cell–cell and cell–biomaterial interactions. The lower fibroblast density triggers cell proliferation, whereas the higher fibroblast density facilitates faster cellular organisation and infiltration into the microfibres. Additionally, the fibrous component of the composite is characterised by high swelling properties and the quick release of calcium ions. The data indicate that the created composite constructs offer an efficient way to create highly functional tissue precursors for laminar tissue engineering, particularly for wound healing and skin tissue engineering applications.
Graphic abstract
Finite-Element Simulation of a Resonant Frequency-Tunable Vibration Isolator Based on Shape Memory Alloy Wire
Authors: Li Jiefeng , Nie Xutao , Zhang Wei , Ma Yueyin 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
The resonant-frequency-tunable vibration isolator based on Shape Memory Alloys (SMAs) combines the priority of passive and active vibration isolators, expands its engineering application, and improves the efficiency of vibration isolation. However, the special characteristics of SMAs and the complexity of the resonant-frequency-tunable vibration isolator result in the difficulty in finite-element analysis.

Methods
This article employs the ABAQUS subroutine and presents the finite-element analysis for this resonant-frequency-tunable vibration isolator, which simulates the thermomechanical responses of SMA wires and the mechanical behaviors of the vibration isolator.

Results
The pseudoelasticity characteristics of SMA wires were simulated and validated. The mechanical characteristics of the vibration isolator, such as the temperatures, martensitic volume fractions, displacements, and equivalent stresses, were obtained and verified.

Conclusions
The results show that the finite-element analysis method presented is appropriate for simulating mechanical behaviors of the resonant-frequency-tunable vibration isolator. The analysis results reveal in detail the mechanical characteristics of the vibration isolator.
Daugavet property in projective symmetric tensor products of Banach spaces
Authors: Martín Miguel , Rueda Zoca Abraham 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWe show that all the symmetric projective tensor products of a Banach space X have the Daugavet property provided X has the Daugavet property and either X is an $$L_1$$

L
1

-predual (i.e., $$X^{*}$$

X

∗

is isometric to an $$L_1$$

L
1

-space) or X is a vector-valued $$L_1$$

L
1

-space. In the process of proving it, we get a number of results of independent interest. For instance, we characterise “localised” versions of the Daugavet property [i.e., Daugavet points and $$\Delta$$
Δ
-points introduced in Abrahamsen et al. (Proc Edinb Math Soc 63:475–496 2020)] for $$L_1$$

L
1

-preduals in terms of the extreme points of the topological dual, a result which allows to characterise a polyhedrality property of real $$L_1$$

L
1

-preduals in terms of the absence of $$\Delta$$
Δ
-points and also to provide new examples of $$L_1$$

L
1

-preduals having the convex diametral local diameter two property. These results are also applied to nicely embedded Banach spaces [in the sense of Werner (J Funct Anal 143:117–128, 1997)] so, in particular, to function algebras. Next, we show that the Daugavet property and the polynomial Daugavet property are equivalent for $$L_1$$

L
1

-preduals and for spaces of Lipschitz functions. Finally, an improvement of recent results in Rueda Zoca (J Inst Math Jussieu 20(4):1409–1428, 2021) about the Daugavet property for projective tensor products is also obtained.
Virtual engagement of under-resourced communities: Lessons learned during the COVID-19 pandemic for creating crisis-resistant research infrastructure
Authors: Plunk Andrew D. , Carver Alexandra , Minggia Charles , Prasanna Kassandra , Sheehan Brynn E. , Herman Matthew , Burwell Cynthia B. , Moeller F. Gerard , Krist Alex H. , McQueen-Gibson Ethlyn 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic led to an increased need to conduct research and community engagement using digital methods. Unfortunately, the shift away from in-person research activities can make it difficult to engage and recruit participants from under-resourced communities that lack adequate digital infrastructure. At the beginning of the pandemic, our team recognized that imminent lockdowns would significantly disrupt ongoing engagement with low-income housing resident community partners and that we would ultimately bear responsibility if that occurred. This manuscript outlines the development of methods designed to create capacity for virtual engagement with a community advisory board that were subsequently applied to a longitudinal mixed-methods study. We describe how our experience engaging low-income housing residents during the height of the pandemic influenced the approach and offer guidelines useful for engaging under-resourced communities regardless of setting. Of these, a strong commitment to providing technology, unlimited data connectivity, and basic digital literacy training/technical support is most important. While each of these is essential and failure in any one area will reduce overall effectiveness of the effort, providing adequate technical support while maintaining ongoing relationships with community members is the most important and resource-intensive.
A route to enhanced performance for the petawatt beamlines of the Orion laser facility
Authors: Harvey E. J. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The Orion laser facility at AWE provides multiple beams to target delivering synchronized pulses at both nanosecond and sub-picosecond duration. In the latter, the peak power approaches the petawatt level. This paper presents a conceptual design for potential development of these beamlines. This would deliver a significant enhancement of performance at the fundamental level. In addition, a new approach is described for the management of frequency conversion at high intensity, which may allow significantly enhanced performance at the second harmonic also.
The impact of social isolation due to the COVID-19 pandemic on patients with dementia and caregivers
Authors: Manca Riccardo , De Marco Matteo , Colston Amanda , Raymont Vanessa , Amin Jay , Davies Rhys , Kumar Pramod , Russell Gregor , Blackburn Daniel J. , Venneri Annalena 
Published: April 2022

AbstractObjective:Social distancing to limit COVID-19 transmission has led to extensive lifestyle changes, including for people with dementia (PWD). The aim of this study, therefore, was to assess the impact of lockdown on the mental health of PWD and their carers.Methods:Forty-five carers of PWD completed a telephone interview during the baseline assessment of the SOLITUDE study to gather information on life conditions and changes in symptoms of PWD during lockdown. Associations between changes in symptoms of PWD and carers’ concerns and mental health were investigated.Results:About 44% of carers experienced anxiety and irritability and reported changes in behavioural and cognitive symptoms in PWD. These changes were associated with worse carers’ mental health and concerns about faster disease progression (χ2 = 13.542, p < 0.001).Conclusion:COVID-19-related social isolation has had a negative impact on patients’ and carers’ mental health. Potential long-term neurocognitive consequences require further investigation.
Multigenomic modifications in human circulating immune cells in response to consumption of polyphenol-rich extract of yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis A. St.-Hil.) are suggestive of cardiometabolic protective effects
Authors: Ruskovska Tatjana , Morand Christine , Bonetti Carla Indianara , Gebara Karimi Sater , Cardozo Junior Euclides Lara , Milenkovic Dragan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractMate is a traditional drink obtained from the leaves of yerba mate and rich in a diversity of plant bioactive compounds including polyphenols, particularly chlorogenic acids. Studies, even though limited, suggest that consumption of mate is associated with health effects, including prevention of cardiometabolic disorders. Molecular mechanisms underlying the potential health properties are still largely unknown, especially in humans. The aim of this study was to investigate nutrigenomic effects of mate consumption and identify regulatory networks potentially mediating cardiometabolic health benefits. Healthy middle-aged men at risk for CVD consumed a standardised mate extract or placebo for 4 weeks. Global gene expression, including protein coding and non-coding RNA profiles, was determined using microarrays. Biological function analyses were performed using integrated bioinformatic tools. Comparison of global gene expression profiles showed significant change following mate consumption with 2635 significantly differentially expressed genes, among which six are miRNA and 244 are lncRNA. Functional analyses showed that these genes are involved in regulation of cell interactions and motility, inflammation or cell signalling. Transcription factors, such as MEF2A, MYB or HNF1A, could have their activity modulated by mate consumption either by direct interaction with polyphenol metabolites or by interactions of metabolites with cell signalling proteins, like p38 or ERK1/2, that could modulate transcription factor activity and regulate expression of genes observed. Correlation analysis suggests that expression profile is inversely associated with gene expression profiles of patients with cardiometabolic disorders. Therefore, mate consumption may exert cardiometabolic protective effects by modulating gene expression towards a protective profile.
Geochronological and geochemical constraints on the origin of highly 13Ccarb-depleted calcite in basal Ediacaran cap carbonate
Authors: Lan Zhongwu , Wu Shitou , Roberts Nick M. W. , Zhang Shujing , Cao Rong , Wang Hao , Yang Yueheng 
Published: April 2022

AbstractEdiacaran cap dolostone atop Marinoan glacial deposits contains complex sedimentary structures with extremely negative δ13Ccarb values in close association with oscillations in palaeoclimatic and oceanographic proxy records. However, the precise geological, geochronological and geochemical context of the cap dolostone is not clarified, which hampers us from correctly interpreting the extremely negative δ13Ccarb values and their causal relationships with the Snowball Earth hypothesis. In this study, we conducted detailed in situ geochronological and geochemical analyses on the calcite within the cap dolostone from the Ediacaran Doushantuo Formation in South China in order to define its formation and relationship to the Snowball Earth hypothesis. Petrographic observations show that formation of dolomite pre-dates precipitation of calcite and pyrite, which pre-dates quartz cementation in the basal cap carbonate. Calcite cement within the cap dolostone yielded a U–Pb age of 636.5 ± 7.4/17.8 Ma (2σ, MSWD = 1.6, n = 36/40), which is within uncertainty of a published dolomite U–Pb age of 632 ± 17 Ma (recalculated as 629.3 ± 16.7/22.9 Ma). These age constraints negate the possibility that the calcite cement was formed by late Ediacaran or Cambrian hydrothermal activity. The rare earth element distribution patterns suggest a dominant seawater origin overprinted by subsequent early Ediacaran hydrothermal activity. The combined age, petrographic and geochemical data suggest oxidization of methane clathrates in response to complicated interplay between eustasy and isostatic rebound and hydrothermal fluids.
Honourable Businessmen: Respectability and ‘Gentlemanly Capitalism’ in Spain, 1840–1880
Authors: San Narciso David 
Published: April 2022

AbstractRevolution can lead to the complete political and social reconfiguration of a society. Such readjustment is often especially significant amongst the society's elites, as when ancient aristocrats had to converge with a newly emerging bourgeoisie. This article argues that over the course of the nineteenth century there was a steady process of negotiation that saw the evolution of a new form of elite, one defined by a new characteristic: respectability. This change saw successful businessmen, particularly magnates or tycoons, climbing to the top of the social ladder, as the culmination of a process that began in the eighteenth century. To illustrate this thesis, I discuss the case of Spain. I draw upon the lives of a large and diverse range of great Spanish bankers, industrialists, and businessmen. Traditionally, historiography has studied such men individually and from an economic history perspective. Here, a global, cultural approach is adopted. The chronology of the events described is not straightforward. Although the men studied are not all from a single birth cohort or even the same generation, I consider that they lived through the same social processes. The years between 1840 and 1880 were a period of intense industrial and business development in Spain during which modern economic practices were introduced. For the purposes of this article, I first situate the concept of respectability within the Spanish historiographical context, before analysing the discursive strategies that Spanish business magnates used to turn themselves into legitimate members of the county's new social elite. Finally, I study the three main symbolic tools that they employed to demonstrate their respectability and prove their status.
Soft-bottom tidepools within mixed reefs of native mussels and introduced oysters – refuge for associated species and parasites?
Authors: Weniger Eric , Cornelius Annika , Rolff Jens , Buschbaum Christian 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe introduction of Pacific oysters to the sedimentary south-eastern North Sea coast and their establishment on intertidal native blue mussel beds has caused the development of mixed reefs of mussels and oysters with extensive tidepools. Tidepools have been intensively studied at rocky shores where they show community structures, which usually differ from that of the surrounding emerging substrates. Tidepools at sedimentary coasts, however, have received less attention. We compared the community structure and species interactions inside and outside tidepools in oyster reefs by determining densities of snails, barnacles and amphipods. Snail densities were similar in and outside tidepools. Barnacle coverage on bivalve shells, however, was lower inside tidepools, which may be caused by higher predation pressure and increased snail grazing under permanently submerged conditions, as was revealed by field and laboratory experiments. Additionally, we studied the occurrence of copepod and trematode parasites in blue mussels inside and outside tidepools. Prevalence and intensity of parasitic copepods was higher in mussels inside tidepools. Trematode parasites, by contrast, showed a lower intensity in mussels inside tidepools. This can be explained by high amphipod densities found inside tidepools because trematode larvae represent a food source of amphipods. Our study suggests that the community structure of oyster reefs within tidepools is not a submerged equivalent to that of intertidal reefs. As their counterparts at rocky shores, they show their own species distribution patterns with particular species interactions and only provide refuge for specific species such as parasitic copepods.
Naturalism, classical theism, and first causes
Authors: Schmid Joseph C. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractEnric F. Gel has recently argued that classical theism enjoys a significant advantage over Graham Oppy's naturalism. According to Gel, classical theism – unlike Oppy's naturalism – satisfactorily answers two questions: first,how manyfirst causes are there, and second,whyis itthatnumber rather than another? In this article, I reply to Gel's argument for classical theism's advantage over Oppy's naturalism. I also draw out wider implications of my investigation for the gap problem and Christian doctrine along the way.
MICHAEL BLAKE'S STRING QUARTETS AND THE IDEA OF AFRICAN ART MUSIC
Authors: Muller Stephanus 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis article considers if and how the five string quartets of the South African composer Michael Blake, written between 2001 and 2014, could be considered as contributing to the compositional and discursive construct that is ‘African art music’. ‘African art music’ has often been evoked in connection with the compositional practices of West African composers especially but has received little consideration and scrutiny of its possible applications to South African composition. The political and artistic isolation of South Africa from the rest of Africa during much of the twentieth century is an obvious reason why this has been the case. But there is also the possibility that white South African composers during and after apartheid have engaged in composition from different intellectual and aesthetic starting points, compared to their African counterparts, due to the specific kind of coloniality they inhabit. The five string quartets afford a perspective on how Michael Blake negotiated the continuities of compositional authority and universalised commitment to a traditional Western sound ideal in the string quartet, with the self-awareness that white composition in post-apartheid South Africa arguably requires.
Estimation of the incidence of hospitalisation for non-invasive pneumococcal pneumonia in the Norwegian population aged 50 years and older
Authors: Lyngstad Trude Marie , Kristoffersen Anja Bråthen , Winje Brita Askeland , Steens Anneke 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to estimate simple measures of the burden of non-invasive pneumococcal pneumonia (PnPn) hospitalisations in those aged 50 years and older (50+) in Norway. We conducted a retrospective register-based study and used discharge codes from the Norwegian Patient Register (NPR). We identified episodes of non-invasive PnPn in 2015 to 2016 and predicted its incidence from 2015 to 2019 based on the trend found in notified invasive pneumococcal disease cases. Overall, we identified 45–46 hospital episodes per 100 000 population of non-invasive PnPn in 2015 and 2016, each episode taking 6–8 days, and with increasing incidence with higher age. Among all identified PnPn episodes, 3 out of 4 were classified as non-invasive. We predicted that the monthly number of non-invasive PnPn episodes ranges from 39 [95% confidence interval (CI) 24–55] in August to 97 (95% CI 74–134) in December. No annual trend was identified. This study indicates that the burden of non-invasive PnPn hospitalisation has a substantial impact on the health and health care use of the 50+ population in Norway, despite the childhood immunisation programme. Many hospitalisations may be prevented through vaccination.
In Defense of A Mandatory Public Service Requirement
Authors: Satz Debra 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis paper defends mandatory national service as a response to democratic decay. Because democracy cannot be maintained by laws and incentives alone, citizens must care about the quality and attitudes of their society's members. In an age of increasing segregation and conflict on the basis of class and race, national service can bring citizens from different walks of life together to interact cooperatively on social problems. It offers a form of ‘forced solidarity’. The final sections of the paper consider objections to this proposal.
No More Benefit Cheats
Authors: Duffy Simon , Wolff Jonathan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe concept of the ‘benefit cheat’ plays a critical role in political rhetoric and public policy and it has been deployed to justify changes to the benefit system that have had a very negative impact on well being and justice. The authors argue that the concept is dangerous, adding to the existing burdens of poverty and exclusion and that it must be eradicated by a reorganisation of the welfare system. Dignity and a spirit of equality must be the starting point for any system of welfare that aims to promote universal well being.
On the Merits and Limits of Nationalising the Fossil Fuel Industry
Authors: Green Fergus , Robeyns Ingrid 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWe explore the desirability of an idea that has not received the attention it deserves by political philosophers: that governments should bring privately-owned fossil fuel companies into public ownership with a view to managing their wind-down in the public interest – often simply referred to as ‘nationalising the fossil fuel industry’. We aim to make a conditional case for public ownership of fossil fuel companies. We will assume certain conditions about government motivations and capacities that are similar to assumptions made generally in the philosophical and economic analysis of climate policies: that the government is suitably motivated, has effective control over the companies it acquires, and is able to sustain this motivation and control for long-enough to wind-down acquired companies in the public interest. We argue that bringing fossil fuel companies into public ownership, under these conditions, allows the government to take ten actions that are in the public interest, which will enhance social justice, enable a fair division of burdens and benefits, and strengthen democracy. We consider four plausible objections. While some of these point to the need for further research, they do not undermine our claim that nationalising the fossil fuel industry is a policy option that merits serious consideration.
How Should Liberal Democratic Governments Treat Conscientious Disobedience as a Response to State Injustice?: A Proposal
Authors: Wong Brian , Chan Joseph 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis paper suggests that liberal democratic governments adopt a reconciliatory approach to conscientious disobedience. Central to this approach is the view – independent of whether conscientious disobedience is always morally justified – that conscientious disobedience is normatively distinct from other criminal acts with similar effects, and such distinction is worthy of acknowledgment by public apparatus and actors. The prerogative applies to both civil and uncivil instances of disobedience, as defined and explored in the paper. Governments and courts ought to take the normative distinction seriously and treat the conscientious disobedients in a more lenient way than they treat ordinary criminals. A comprehensive legislative scheme for governments to deal with prosecution, sentencing, and imprisonment of the conscientious disobedients will be proposed, with the normative and practical benefits of such an approach discussed in detail.