bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mesenchymal stem cell transplantation in newly diagnosed type-1 diabetes patients: a phase I/II randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial
Authors: Izadi Mahmoud , Sadr Hashemi Nejad Anavasadat , Moazenchi Maedeh , Masoumi Safdar , Rabbani Ali , Kompani Farzad , Hedayati Asl Amir Abbas , Abbasi Kakroodi Fatemeh , Jaroughi Neda , Mohseni Meybodi Mohammad Ali , Setoodeh Aria , Abbasi Farzaneh , Hosseini Seyedeh Esmat , Moeini Nia Fatemeh , Salman Yazdi Reza , Navabi Roghayeh , Hajizadeh-Saffar Ensiyeh , Baharvand Hossein 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundType-1 diabetes (T1D) occurs following autoimmune-induced pancreatic beta cells death. Among several treatment modalities, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) transplantation is promising for autoimmune disorders due to immunomodulation, regeneration, and migration to damaged tissue upon systemic injection. This study assessed the safety and efficacy of intravenous injection of autologous bone marrow-derived MSCs in newly diagnosed T1D patients.MethodsAfter receiving informed consent, 21 patients who met the study criteria were enrolled and randomly assigned to receive either MSCs or placebo. Each patient in the experimental group received two doses of MSCs and was followed for at least one-year post-transplantation.ResultsThe results have shown that this transplantation is safe and significantly reduces the number of hypoglycemic episodes. MSCs transplantation improved glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), shifted serum cytokine patterns from pro-inflammatory to anti-inflammatory, increased the number of regulatory T-cells in the peripheral blood, and improved quality of life. Early transplantation of MSCs significantly improved HbA1c and C-peptide levels and shifted pro-inflammatory cytokines to anti-inflammatory cytokines. Also, exercise combined with MSCs transplantation improved glycemic and immunologic indices.ConclusionsTaken together, autologous MSC transplantation is safe and effective, and its early transplantation is a promising treatment in newly diagnosed T1D children suffering from hypoglycemic episodes.Trial registration: This clinical trial was registered at the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT) with the identifier IRCT ID: IRCT2016070428786N1 registered on August 20, 2016 (Retrospectively registered) (https://en.irct.ir/trial/23256) and at the U.S. National Institutes of Health (ClinicalTrials.gov) with the related identifier NCT04078308 registered on September 6, 2019 (Retrospectively registered). (https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04078308).
Implantation of a nerve protector embedded with human GMSC-derived Schwann-like cells accelerates regeneration of crush-injured rat sciatic nerves
Authors: Zhang Qunzhou , Burrell Justin C. , Zeng Jincheng , Motiwala Faizan I. , Shi Shihong , Cullen D. Kacy , Le Anh D. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Peripheral nerve injuries (PNIs) remain one of the great clinical challenges because of their considerable long-term disability potential. Postnatal neural crest-derived multipotent stem cells, including gingiva-derived mesenchymal stem cells (GMSCs), represent a promising source of seed cells for tissue engineering and regenerative therapy of various disorders, including PNIs. Here, we generated GMSC-repopulated nerve protectors and evaluated their therapeutic effects in a crush injury model of rat sciatic nerves.

Methods
GMSCs were mixed in methacrylated collagen and cultured for 48 h, allowing the conversion of GMSCs into Schwann-like cells (GiSCs). The phenotype of GiSCs was verified by fluorescence studies on the expression of Schwann cell markers. GMSCs encapsulated in the methacrylated 3D-collagen hydrogel were co-cultured with THP-1-derived macrophages, and the secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 or inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-1β in the supernatant was determined by ELISA. In addition, GMSCs mixed in the methacrylated collagen were filled into a nerve protector made from the decellularized small intestine submucosal extracellular matrix (SIS-ECM) and cultured for 24 h, allowing the generation of functionalized nerve protectors repopulated with GiSCs. We implanted the nerve protector to wrap the injury site of rat sciatic nerves and performed functional and histological assessments 4 weeks post-surgery.

Results
GMSCs encapsulated in the methacrylated 3D-collagen hydrogel were directly converted into Schwann-like cells (GiSCs) characterized by the expression of S-100β, p75NTR, BDNF, and GDNF. In vitro, co-culture of GMSCs encapsulated in the 3D-collagen hydrogel with macrophages remarkably increased the secretion of IL-10, an anti-inflammatory cytokine characteristic of pro-regenerative (M2) macrophages, but robustly reduced LPS-stimulated secretion of TNF-1α and IL-1β, two cytokines characteristic of pro-inflammatory (M1) macrophages. In addition, our results indicate that implantation of functionalized nerve protectors repopulated with GiSCs significantly accelerated functional recovery and axonal regeneration of crush-injured rat sciatic nerves accompanied by increased infiltration of pro-regenerative (M2) macrophages while a decreased infiltration of pro-inflammatory (M1) macrophages.

Conclusions
Collectively, these findings suggest that Schwann-like cells converted from GMSCs represent a promising source of supportive cells for regenerative therapy of PNI through their dual functions, neurotrophic effects, and immunomodulation of pro-inflammatory (M1)/pro-regenerative (M2) macrophages.
BMAM: complete the missing POI in the incomplete trajectory via mask and bidirectional attention model
Authors: Zeng Jun , Zhao Yizhu , Yu Yang , Gao Min , Zhou Wei , Wen Junhao 
Published: June 2022

AbstractStudies on the checked-in point-of-interests have become an important means to learn user’s behavior. Nevertheless, users do not sign in to all visited locations. There are unobserved check-in locations in the generated POI trajectory. Such the trajectory is called an incomplete trajectory, and unobserved point is called missing point. However, incomplete trajectory has a negative impact on downstream tasks such as personalized recommendation system, criminal identification and next location prediction. It is a challenge to use the forward sequence and backward sequence information of the missing point to complete the missing POI. Therefore, we propose a bidirectional model based on mask and attention mechanism (BMAM) to solve the problem of missing POI completion in user’s incomplete trajectory. The context information of trajectory checked in by user can be mined to connect the missing POI with the forward sequence and backward sequence information. Therefore, the model learns the order dependence between each location according to the user trajectory sequence and obtain the user’s dynamic preference to identify the missing POI in the sequence. Besides, the attention mechanism is used to improve the user's representation feature, that is, the preference for POI categories. The experimental results demonstrate that our BMAM outperforms the state-of-the-art models for completion on missing POI of user’s incomplete sequence.
Changing trends in clinical research literature on PubMed database from 1991 to 2020
Authors: Zhao Xiyi , Jiang Hao , Yin Jianyun , Liu Hongchao , Zhu Ruifang , Mei Shencong , Zhu Chang-tai 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Clinical research publications have become the dominant source and basis of clinical evidence-based decision-making. Exploring the type and quantity of clinical research publications in the PubMed database is useful for clarifying the changing trends of clinical research development in recent years. Therefore, a longitudinal analysis of the type and quantity of clinical research publications in the PubMed database over three decades was conducted.

Methods
The PubMed database was searched to retrieve clinical research according to the type and year of publication from January 1, 1991 to December 31, 2020. The research types were classified as primary and secondary literature.

Results
A total of 1,078,404 primary literatures were retrieved and the constituent proportions were ranked from high to low as case report/series (27.54%), randomized clinical trials (RCTs) (23.62%), cohort studies (21.05%), cross-sectional studies (17.49%), case control studies (9.15%), non-RCTs (1.01%), and pragmatic clinical trials (PCTs) (0.15%). Correspondingly, 1,302,173 secondary literatures were retrieved and ranked as narrative review (70.88%), systematic review (15.02%), systematic review and meta-analyses (13.89%), traditional meta-analyses (4.48%), expert consensus (2.31%), guidelines (1.49%), scoping reviews (0.68%), net meta-analyses (0.40%), and umbrella reviews (0.04%). The average annual growth rate for the primary literature was 10.28%, and ranked from high to low as PCTs (83.68%), cohort studies (17.74%), cross-sectional studies (17.61%), non-RCTs (12.11%), case control studies (8.86%), RCTs (7.68%), case report/series (7.51%); while that for the secondary literature was 10.57%, and ranked from high to low as net meta-analyses (48.97%), umbrella reviews (47.09%), scoping reviews (41.92%), systematic reviews and meta-analyses (33.44%), systematic reviews (33.05%), traditional meta-analyses (12.49%), expert consensuses (9.22%), narrative review (8.72%), and guidelines (2.82%).

Conclusion
Both the composition and number of clinical studies changed significantly from 1991 to 2020. Based on the trend, the case report/series, case control study, and narrative review are on the decline, while cohort study, cross-sectional study, systematic reviews, and systematic review and meta-analysis literature have increased. To improve the quality of clinical evidence, we recommend RCT and cohort study give priority to access to allocated research resources in future.
TCR engineered T cells for solid tumor immunotherapy
Authors: Zhang Yikai , Liu Zhipeng , Wei Wei , Li Yangqiu 
Published: June 2022

AbstractT cell immunotherapy remains an attractive approach for cancer immunotherapy. T cell immunotherapy mainly employs chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)- and T cell receptor (TCR)-engineered T cells. CAR-T cell therapy has been an essential breakthrough in treating hematological malignancies. TCR-T cells can recognize antigens expressed both on cell surfaces and in intracellular compartments. Although TCR-T cells have not been approved for clinical application, a number of clinical trials have been performed, particularly for solid tumors. In this article, we summarized current TCR-T cell advances and their potential advantages for solid tumor immunotherapy.
Validation of the Sinhalese Version of Brief COPE Scale for patients with cancer in Sri Lanka
Authors: Weeratunga Eranthi , Senadheera Chandanie , Hettiarachchi Manjula , Perera Bilesha 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Coping strategies play a vital role in cancer management and has been an integral part in the recovery process of cancer patients worldwide. Coping refers to specific efforts; both behavioral and psychological, that diminishes stresses emerged in cancer patients. This study evaluated the psychometric properties of the Sinhalese version of the Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced Inventory (S-BC) which was developed based on the Brief COPE scale for cancer patients in Sri Lanka.

Methods
The original Brief COPE is a self-administered tool with 28 items designed to measure coping methods used by people in stressful life events. It consisted of statements related to adaptive and maladaptive coping strategies. Forty patients with cancer who were registered at the Oncology ward, Teaching Hospital, Galle, Sri Lanka were included in the study. A cross-cultural adaptation of the Brief COPE was done using WHO guidelines. Reliability of the S-BC was assessed using test–retest and internal consistency procedures. The construct validity of the tool was assessed by performing exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Convergent and discriminant validity of the S-BC was tested using World Health Organization-Quality of Life-Brief scale (WHOQOL-BREF) and Centre for Epidemiological Studies-Depression scale (CES-D).

Results
The mean (± SD) age of the sample was 61(± 12) years, and 52.5% (n = 21) of the participants were men. Eighty percent (n = 32) of the participants were more than one year of treatment from diagnosing as a cancer patient. The test–retest reliability of the S-BC was 0.66, and the internal consistency of the S-BC was good (Cronbach’s alpha - 0.819). Both EFA and CFA revealed a structure comprised of seven factors. Such factors were Avoidance/Behavioral disengagement, Religious faith/Acceptance, Seeking support, Planning, Substance use/Venting, Self-blame and Active/positive coping. The scores of the adaptive coping of the S-BC was negatively and the scores of the maladaptive coping of the S-BC was positively correlated with the CES-D score. The scores of the adaptive coping of the S-BC was positively correlated with the total score of the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire indicating the S-BC’s convergent and discriminant validity properties.

Conclusion
The Sinhalese version of the Brief COPE is found to be a valid and a reliable measure to assess coping strategies used by patients with cancer in Sri Lanka.
Regenerate the urban space as a common/generate commons through urban space: a reflection on the comparison of urban commoning tools in France and Italy
Authors: Carlone Teresa , Gatta Federica , Léonardi Cécile , Vassallo Ianira 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn the rich and complex framework that today define the debate about urban commons, our contribution focuses on the relations between commoning processes and urban regeneration. In the last 5 years, we can see emerging different experimental public policies and urban transformation processes that aim not only to give citizens the possibility to manage public properties in a common interest, but also to encourage private groups to take charge of the architectural transformation of public buildings. This paper focuses on the extents and limits of the comparison between two European countries, Italy and France, more precisely between the cities of Turin, Bologna and Grenoble. In the three cities we find similar case studies in terms of actors, stakes and urban impacts. To enquire on those similarities needs a methodology that can highlight the way in which those apparently sporadic cases challenge the existing knowledge on urban commons. Our objective is to question not only the impacts of commons on city governance, but also on how spaces are reshaped and redesigned by commoning practices.
Ambient noise tomography for a high-resolution 3D S-wave velocity model of the Kinki Region, Southwestern Japan, using dense seismic array data
Authors: Nthaba Bokani , Ikeda Tatsunori , Nimiya Hiro , Tsuji Takeshi , Iio Yoshihisa 
Published: June 2022

AbstractResearch interest in the Kinki region, southwestern Japan, has been aroused by the frequent occurrence of microearthquake activity that do not always coincide with documented active fault locations. Previous studies in the Kinki region focused mainly on deep, large-scale structures and could not efficiently resolve fine-scale (~ 10 km) shallow crustal structures. Hence, characterization of the upper crustal structure of this region at an improved spatial resolution is required. From the cross-correlation of the vertical components of the ambient seismic noise data recorded by a densely distributed seismic array, we estimated Rayleigh wave phase velocities using a frequency domain method. Then, we applied a direct surface wave tomographic method for the measured phase velocity dispersion data to obtain a 3D S-wave velocity model of the Kinki region. The estimated velocity model reveals a NE–SW trending low-velocity structure coinciding with the Niigata–Kobe Tectonic Zone (NKTZ) and the active Biwako-seigan Fault Zone (BSFZ). Also, we identified fine-scale low-velocity structures coinciding with known active faults on the eastern side of the NKTZ, as well as sets of low-velocity structures across the Tanba region. Furthermore, sedimentary basins manifest as low-velocity zones extending to depths ranging from ~ 1.5 to 2 km, correlating with those reported in previous studies. Our results therefore contribute towards fundamental understanding of earthquake faulting as well as tectonic boundary and will be useful for hazard assessment and disaster mitigation.
Graphical abstract
Giant esophageal liposarcoma with squamous cell carcinoma resected via the cervical approach: a case report
Authors: Okura Tomohiro , Shirakawa Yasuhiro , Katsura Yuki , Yano Takuya , Ishida Michihiro , Satoh Daisuke , Choda Yasuhiro , Yoshimitsu Masanori , Kanyu Nakano , Matsukawa Hiroyoshi , Idani Hitoshi , Okajima Masazumi , Shiozaki Shigehiro 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Liposarcoma is one of the most common soft tissue sarcomas, but is extremely rarely found in the esophagus. There have been no reports of esophageal liposarcoma together with superficial carcinoma of the esophagus. Here, we report a patient who underwent complete resection of esophageal liposarcoma with carcinoma via a cervical approach.

Case presentation
A 66-year-old man was diagnosed with an esophageal tumor 11 years ago, but he left it untreated. He presented to our hospital with progressive dysphagia and appetite loss since the previous year. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) showed a large pedunculated submucosal tumor (SMT) originating at the esophageal entrance, extending to the gastroesophageal junction. Additionally, there was a superficial carcinoma on the surface of the SMT, 30 cm from the incisor teeth. Three-dimensional computed tomography (3D-CT) showed a giant elongated intraluminal tumor extending downwards from the cervical esophagus. We diagnosed a giant esophageal polyp accompanied by a superficial carcinoma and performed tumor resection via a cervical approach. The excised specimen consisted of a 23.0 × 8.5 cm polypoid mass. The final diagnosis by histopathological and immunohistochemical examination was well-differentiated liposarcoma and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. He was discharged on postoperative day 14 with drastic improvement in his swallowing ability.

Conclusion
We reported an extremely rare case of esophageal liposarcoma together with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma that was successfully resected through a small cervical incision.
Emergency management of incidental pulmonary embolism (IPE)
Authors: Font Carme , Cooksley Tim , Ahn Shin , Rapoport Bernardo , Escalante Carmen 
Published: June 2022

AbstractVenous thrombo-embolic (VTE) disease is a common cause of complications in patients with cancer and is the second most common cause of death in oncology patients other than the malignant disease. Whilst symptomatic VTE comprises the majority of such presentations to an emergency department (ED), incidental pulmonary embolism (IPE) is an increasingly frequent reason for attendance.Many studies report that the consequences of IPE do not differ significantly from those with symptomatic presentations and thus most guidelines recommend using the same approach. The complexity of treatment in cancer patients due to increased prevalence of co-morbidities, higher risk of bleeding, abnormal platelet and renal function, greater risk of VTE recurrence, and medications with the risk of anticoagulant interaction are consistent across patients with symptomatic and IPE.One of the initial challenges of the management of IPE is the design of a pathway that provides both patients and clinicians with a seamless journey from the radiological diagnosis of IPE to their initial clinical workup and management. Increased access to ambulatory care has successfully reduced ED utilisation and improved clinical outcomes in high-risk non-oncological populations, such as those with IPE.In this clinical review, we consider IPE management, its workup, the conundrums it may present for emergency physicians and the need to consider emergency ambulatory care for this growing cohort of patients.
Barriers to the Use of the Mental Health Treatment Requirement as Part of a Community-Based Criminal Sentence for Mentally Disordered Offenders
Authors: Saleem Fatima , Blott Hector 
Published: June 2022

AimsDue to the high rates of mental disorder in prison there have been a number of initiatives to divert mentally disordered offenders out of custody. One of these is the Mental Health Treatment Requirement (MHTR): a criminal sentence available as part of a Community Order, offered as an alternative to short-term custodial sentences in an attempt to address recidivism and encourage concordance with community psychiatric treatment. In spite of the prevalence of mental disorder amongst offenders, MHTRs represent less than 1% of all community sentences. Here we aim to identify obstacles to the use of the MHTR at sentencing and to suggest ways of overcoming them.MethodsA literature review and brief case series will be used to identify and illustrate what may be obstructing or limiting the use of the MHTR. The terms ‘MHTR’ and ‘Mental Health Treatment Requirement’ were searched on Google, Google Scholar, Athens, and PubMed, and results analysed for recurrent themes. The issues encountered clinically by one of the authors who referred three defendants for MHTRs in psychiatric sentencing reports in 2021 were reviewed with the same purpose.ResultsThe main barriers to the use of the MHTR which were identified were issues related to a lack of clinician awareness and experience, homelessness and housing, and service structure and provision. There may be a reluctance for Community Mental Health Teams (CMHTs) to accept offenders onto their caseloads, and there are challenges in obtaining assessments and recommendations for MHTRs. There are difficulties in securing an MHTR for homeless defendants on remand for whom identifying housing prior to sentencing, and thus a CMHT to supervise the MHTR, can be challenging. The MHTR assessment and referral process is more lengthy and cumbersome than that for most other disposals, leaving the defendant awaiting sentencing (potentially in custody) while the referral is processed.ConclusionSuggested solutions to improve access to the MHTR include increasing clinician awareness and confidence by providing teaching and training, and multi-agency meetings to enhance communication and create an understanding amongst professionals of duties, roles, and responsibilities. Initiatives to identify housing for homeless remand prisoners before their release, as well as ensuring the availability of community services to supervise treatment, would overcome some of the obstacles identified and increase availability of the MHTR. Funding for additional staff to conduct the assessment and referrals process would also be likely to improve uptake.