bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The ϕ meson production from small to large systems of ion collisions at

sNN=200

and 193 GeV
Authors: Mitrankov Iu M , Berdnikov Ya A , Berdnikov A Ya , Kotov D O , Mitrankova M M , Novitzky N 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The measurement of ϕ meson production is a unique tool to explore the characteristics of the quark-gluon plasma. The ϕ meson has a small interaction cross section therefore its yields and elliptic flow are good probes of the quark-gluon plasma properties. The ϕ meson production can be sensitive to the strangeness enhancement effect and can provide information about the flavor dependence of energy loss and elliptic flow. Measurements in different nucleus-nucleus collisions allow us to perform a systematic investigation of the nuclear matter effects, system size and geometry influence on ϕ meson production. The PHENIX experiment has measured transverse momentum spectra, nuclear modification factors R

AB
, and elliptic anisotropy parameter v
2 for ϕ mesons in p+Al, p/d/3 He/Cu+Au collisions at

s

NN

=
200

GeV

and in U + U collisions at

s

NN

=
193

GeV

at midrapidity (∣η∣ < 0.35). The obtained results exhibit scaling of v
2 for ϕ mesons with eccentricity of participant nucleons (collision geometry), whereas the ϕ R

AB
values depend on the number of binary nucleon-nucleon collisions (system size). The comparison of experimental data on the ϕ meson to various model calculations (AMPT, iEBE-VISHNU and PYTHIA/Angantyr) suggests the importance of viscous hydrodynamics and the coalescence mechanism in describing the properties and hadronization of the QGP.
Comprehensive investigations on radiation shielding efficacy of bulk and nano Pb-Sn-Cd-Zn alloys
Authors: Kaur Taranjot , Vermani Yogesh K , Al-Buriahi M S , Alzahrani Jamila S , Singh Tejbir 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The alloys with composition:

P

b

60

S

n

20

C

d

x

Z

n

20
−
x

,

where

x
=
0
,
5
,
10
,
15

and

20

mol
.
%

were fabricated at nano-scale as well as bulk scale using the convention melt quench technique. Different characterization techniques such as Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Field Emission-Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM) and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) analysis were performed to verify the particle size reduction to nano-scale, surface morphology and elemental composition of Pb60Sn20CdxZn(20-x) alloy systems. These nano-structured and bulk alloy systems were experimentally investigated and compared for their potential use in the radiation shielding applications. Further, radiation shielding effectiveness against electron beam, proton beam, alpha and heavy carbon ion beams has also been investigated for fabricated bulk alloys using Geant4 simulations. Present theoretical and experimental analysis affirmed that the radiation shielding efficacy gets enhanced for ball-milled PbSnCdZn nano alloy specimens as compared to bulk counterparts.
Effects of Nb concentration on Nb-doped anatase TiO2: DFT + U calculations
Authors: Xiao Xiangjiang , Wang Jinfu , Zhu Hanming , Liu Lei , Liu Zuming , Tu Jielei 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The crystal structure, formation energy, electronic structure, electrical properties and optical properties of anatase TiO2 with various Nb concentrations were studied by first-principles calculations based on density functional theory (DFT) and the Hubbard U correction. Firstly, the crystal structures of TiO2 with various Nb concentrations were optimized successfully. The higher concentrations of Nb facilitate the synthesis of Nb-doped TiO2 systems in an O-rich environment. Furthermore, the band structures and density of states prove that the electronic structure of Nb-doped TiO2 is mainly transformed by the hybridization of Ti 3d, Nb 4d and O 2p states. Next, broadening of the valence band and occupied states at the bottom of the conduction band enhance the conductivity of Nb-doped TiO2, and the conductivity reaches the maximum value at the high Nb-doping concentration of 6.25 at.%. Last but not least, the calculated optical properties show that the absorption edge of Nb-doped TiO2 produces an blue shift. TiO2 with Nb-doping concentration below 14.58 at.% exhibits the high transmittance in the visible region.
Errata and Addendum: Magnetic properties of an antiferromagnetic spin-1/2 XYZ model in the presence of different magnetic fields: finite-size effects of inhomogeneity property (2019, Commun. Theor. Phys.
71 1253–1260)
Authors: Kumar Sachin , Yusuf S M 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
We report the correct results for the antiferromagnetic s = 1/2 XYZ model system considered in (2019, Commun. Theor. Phys.
71 1253). We also point out the correct model system used for the reported results therein.
Measurement of muon-induced neutron yield at the China Jinping Underground Laboratory *
Authors: Zhao Lin , Luo Wentai , Bathe-Peters Lars , Chen Shaomin , Chouaki Mourad , Dou Wei , Guo Lei , Guo Ziyi , Hussain Ghulam , Li Jinjing , Liang Ye , Liu Qian , Luo Guang , Qi Ming , Shao Wenhui , Tang Jian , Wan Linyan , Wang Zhe , Wu Yiyang , Xu Benda , Xu Tong , Xu Weiran , Yang Yuzi , Yeh Minfang , Zhang Aiqiang , Zhang Bin 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Solar, terrestrial, and supernova neutrino experiments are subject to muon-induced radioactive background. The China Jinping Underground Laboratory (CJPL), with its unique advantage of a 2400 m rock coverage and long distance from nuclear power plants, is ideal for MeV-scale neutrino experiments. Using a 1-ton prototype detector of the Jinping Neutrino Experiment (JNE), we detected 343 high-energy cosmic-ray muons and (7.86

3.97) muon-induced neutrons from an 820.28-day dataset at the first phase of CJPL (CJPL-I). Based on the muon-induced neutrons, we measured the corresponding muon-induced neutron yield in a liquid scintillator to be

μ−1g−1cm2 at an average muon energy of 340 GeV. We provided the first study for such neutron background at CJPL. A global fit including this measurement shows a power-law coefficient of (0.75

0.02) for the dependence of the neutron yield at the liquid scintillator on muon energy.
A New Fiber Detection Method for LAMOST Based on the Front-illuminated Method
Authors: Zhou Ming , Zhang Yong , Lv Guanru , Li Jian , Zhou Zengxiang , Liu Zhigang , Wang Jianping , Bai Zhongrui , Tian Yuan , Wang Mengxin , Wang Shuqing , Hu Hongzhuan , Zhai Chao , Chu Jiaru , Han Zhijie , Liu Mingxu , Dong Yiqiao , Yuan Hailong , Zhao Yongheng , Chu Yaoquan , Zhang Haotong 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The double revolving fiber positioning technology is one of the key technologies for the success of the Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST). The accuracy of fiber positioning will directly affect the observation efficiency of LAMOST. To achieve higher fiber positioning accuracy, the original open-loop controlled fiber positioning system urgently needs to be upgraded into a closed-loop control system. The fiber detection is the most important part of the closed-loop controlled fiber positioning system. The back-illuminated detection method is usually used to detect the fiber position by directly detecting the light spot generated at the fiber end in the multi-fiber spectral surveys. In this paper, we introduce a new method to measure the fiber position based on the image of the front-illuminated LAMOST focal plane. The front-illuminated image does not require lighting devices inside the spectrograph, and it could reduce the instability and light pollution in the spectrograph end. Our method measures the fiber position by fitting the profile of the fiber pinhole with a 2D Gaussian function. A series of tests show that the relative position measurement precision of the front-illuminated method is about 0.″12, and the method could have the same accuracy as the back-illuminated method once the system bias is calibrated by a simple radial correction function. The required fiber positioning accuracy of LAMOST is 0.″4, and the new method satisfies the requirement of LAMOST fiber detection accuracy and could be used in the closed-loop fiber control system.
ARES: a fast and accurate tool for the identification of plasma stationary points and separatrix
Authors: Bonotto M. , Bettini P. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In this work, triangular C
1 interpolation based on Argyris element (AE) is used to develop the ARgyris element based searching (ARES) algorithm, an efficient tool for the accurate identification of stationary points (SPs), e.g. X-point, magnetic axis, snowflake point, etc and separatrix in magnetic confinement fusion application. AE-based interpolation allows the formulation of the nonlinear problem of SP identification on the triangle as a vectorial root-finding problem, addressed via different Newton-like algorithms. The proposed method is able to detect both first-order SP (e.g. X-points and magnetic axis, where the norm of the gradient vanishes) and second-order SP (e.g. snowflake points, where both the norm of the gradient and of the second derivatives vanishes). The separatrix is detected inside the triangles via the novel zero line searching algorithm, and is described by means of quintic spline interpolant of its components. Thanks to its modularity and efficiency, ARES is suitable to run on structured and unstructured triangular meshes, and can be readily integrated with any kind of Grad–Shafranov solver based on 2D triangular finite element method, or used for real-time SP and separatrix identification for control oriented purposes.
Coupling among neoclassical tearing modes, edge localized modes and Alfvén eigenmodes in HL-2A high
β
H-mode plasmas
Authors: Jiang M. , Xu Y. , Chen W. , Zhong W.L. , Shi P.W. , Shi Z.B. , Ding X.T. , Ke R. , Liu H.F. , Zhu Y.R. , Zou Y.P. , Li Z.J. , Wang T.B. , Zhang Y.P. , Yu L.M. , Yang Z.C. , Liu L.Z. , Wu N. , Ji X.Q. , Liu Yi , Xu M. , HL-2A Team  
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In this work, the coupling among several MHD modes across different spatial regions, including the neoclassical tearing mode (NTM) and two branches of Alfvén eigenmode (AE) in the core and the edge localized mode (ELM), has been investigated in the HL-2A high beta H-mode plasmas. The NTMs induce a saturated m/n = 1/1 helical core (m and n are the poloidal and toroidal mode numbers, respectively) through the ‘magnetic-flux pumping’ effect. The ELM crash results in a rapid (<1 ms) decrease of the NTM island width followed by a much slower recovery. The degree of the island-width drop is proportional to the normalized beta as well as the ELM size, and can be up to 60%. In addition, two branches of AEs, in the toroidal Alfvén eigenmode (TAE) and beta-induced Alfvén eigenmode (BAE) bands, become evident after the 2/1 NTM onset and their magnitudes are modulated by the 2/1 NTM rotation. Besides, the changes of the TAE and BAE amplitudes are closely related to the temporal evolution of the ELM crash event, implying the strong interaction between AEs and the ELM. It is found that the coupling among these MHD modes in the core region during the NTM phase regulates the edge transport, i.e., relaxation of the pressure profile, mitigation of the peeling-ballooning instability, reduction of the radial electric field shear and enhancement of the turbulent transport in the pedestal region.
RTS noise in semiconductor devices: time constants estimates and observation window analysis
Authors: da Silva Roberto , Wirth Gilson 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
We obtained a semi-analytical treatment considering estimators for the variance and variance of variance for the RTS noise as a function of the time observation. Our method also suggests a way to experimentally determine the constants of capture and emission in the case of a dominant trap and universal behaviors for the superposition from many traps. We present detailed closed-form expressions corroborated by MC simulations. We are sure to have an important tool to guide developers in building and analyzing low-frequency noise in semiconductor devices.
On the modelling of tritium transport phenomena at fluid-structure interfaces
Authors: Castrovinci F. M. , Bongiovì G. , Chiovaro P. , Di Maio P. A. , Franza F. , Quartararo A. , Spagnuolo G. A. , Vallone E. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
One of the main functions of the DEMO Breeding Blanket (BB) system is to ensure the tritium breeding inside the reactor. Tritium is a beta emitter radioactive isotope, subjected to several processes that determine its permeation across materials and its leakage towards the environment, posing potential safety issues in terms of radiological hazard. Thus, the evaluation of tritium inventories inside components and tritium losses towards the environment plays a key role in the fulfilment of the pertinent BB safety requirements. In this regard, a research activity has been carried out, in close cooperation between the University of Palermo and the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, focussing on the development of a multiphysical model that might realistically simulate 3D tritium transport phenomena across complex fluid-structure interfaces. Models, source terms and boundary conditions assumed for the analyses are herewith reported and critically discussed, together with the main results obtained.
Coupled Geothermal Energy Simulations
Authors: Meglio Armando Di , Massarotti Nicola , Mauro Alessandro , Trombetta Vincenzo 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This paper presents the numerical solution of thermal field of a set of geothermal coaxial probes coupled with the surrounding soil. These probes, used for the excavation of Naples underground’s tunnels with the artificial ground freezing technique, are converted for the heat transfer fluid transport for a geothermal plant. One-dimensional energy equation has been used with a single unknown in order to extract the solution of the temperature inside the probe, the temperature of the fluid, which is a boundary condition for calculating the temperature range of the soil surrounding the probes. In turn, the latter is used as a source term for the solution of the energy equation for the fluid. This paper also presents a comparison between two different probe materials i) internal and external stainless-steel crown; ii) internal rigid PVC crown and external stainless-steel crown. Such a numerical scheme allows to take into account the 3D effects of the fluid dynamics in porous media as is the soil, and, at the same time, considering a “reduced order model” inside the geothermal probes, as is the 1D model, for considering the thermal coupling effects.
Assessment of operating temperature within the new pavilion for slag management in Terni
Authors: Manni Mattia , Fabiani Claudia , Nicolini Andrea , Pisello Anna Laura , Rossi Federico , Cotana Franco 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The whole metallurgic sector produces up to 200 million tons of slag, which are tapped from the blast furnace (at a temperature of 1,500°C), and then need to be cooled down before disposal. These cooling processes are generally conducted open-air, significantly affecting local environmental quality of the surroundings. The present study aims at investigating the potential of an innovative slag cooling system housed within a pavilion, designed in order to minimize the emission of dust and pollutants out from the metallurgic plant. Such a system consists of a depressurized environment whose top surface is treated with black pigments and cooled down by water streams above it. Air is continuously extracted and then adequately filtered before being released outdoor. A numerical model was elaborated for evaluating the main heat flows developed within and through the pavilion’s envelope for the case study in Terni, central Italy. Once the physical and geometrical properties of the slag and the pavilion were defined, the heat exchanged with the air and water due to convection, as well as the latent heat dissipated through water evaporation was quantified. Results demonstrated the effectiveness of the water-based cooling system in keeping the roof temperature lower than 328 K without compromising the mechanical properties of the material. The evaporated water mass ranged between 4.2 kg h−1 and79.6 kg h−1 and was strongly influenced by seasonal weather conditions.
Numerical Investigation On Thermal Behaviours Of Latent Thermal Energy Storages With Pcm Partially Filled With Aluminum Foam
Authors: Buonomo Bernardo , Manca Oronzio , Nardini Sergio , Plomitallo Renato Elpidio 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In this paper a numerical investigation on the effects of the metal foam into the Latent Heat Thermal Energy Storage System, based on a phase change material, is accomplished. The geometry of the system is a vertical shell and tube LHTESS made with two concentric aluminum tubes. The internal surface of the hollow cylinder is assumed at a constant temperature above the melting temperature of the PCM to simulate the heat transfer from a hot fluid. The other external surfaces are assumed adiabatic. The PCM is completely embedded in the volume between the two coaxial cylinders, it is pure paraffin wax with a low value of thermal conductivity and it melts in a range of temperatures. The metal foam is made of aluminum and it partially fills the volume starting from the internal cylinder with a thickness lower the differences between the external cylinder radius and internal one. The enthalpy-porosity theory is employed to simulate the phase change of the PCM and the metal foam is modelled as a porous media that follow the Brinkman-extended Darcy model. The governing equations are solved employing the Ansys-Fluent code. The results are shown in term of melting time, temperature and energy at varying of time and at varying the filling ratio.
Urban-Scale Energy Models: the relationship between cooling energy demand and urban form
Authors: Mutani G , Todeschi V , Santantonio S 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
To enhance the quality of life in cities, it is necessary to improve the energy performance of buildings together with a sustainable urban planning especially in high-density contexts. Previous works investigated the building shape, the urban morphology, and the local climate conditions to optimize the energy performance for space heating of buildings. The aim of this study is to validate a GIS-based engineering model to simulate the hourly energy demand for space cooling in residential buildings at neighborhood scale and to assess the relationship between the urban form and the energy performance in terms of cooling energy demand. A place- based methodology was applied to six neighborhoods in the city of Turin (Italy), identified as homogeneous zones with different building characteristics and urban contexts. The hourly cooling demand of residential buildings was studied starting from the energy balance at building scale, and then was applied at block of buildings scale with the support of GIS. This model was validated with a comparison of the results using CitySim tool and ISO 52016 assessment. In order to investigate the relationship between cooling energy demand and urban form, the GIS- based engineering model was applied to five typical blocks of buildings with different construction periods. The results show how cooling energy demand varies according to building characteristics and urban morphology in a continental-temperate climate. By this analysis, it is possible to identify the optimal block of building shape in Turin ensuring lower energy consumptions during the cooling season with different types of buildings.
Optimisation strategies for solar assisted heat pumps coupled to traditional thermal fields
Authors: Tagliafico L.A. , Cavalletti A. , Marafioti C. , Marchitto A. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The advantages of the solar assisted heat pumps are well-known but their diffusion on the market is still very limited. One of the main causes is associated to their complexity and almost always working under transient regime which can lead to frequent blocks especially when a low level of control and automatization is present. From the point of view of conceptual design, solar assisted heat pumps tend to be more subjected to blocks due to their serial asset. The present work illustrates the case study of the solar assisted heat pump pilot plant at Palacus, Genoa, equipped with a heat pump bypass which can directly connect the solar thermal field to either the domestic hot water or the space heating systems when the temperature in the circuit exceeds a fixed set point. This configuration allows therefore the use of the solar field either independently from the heat pump or interfaced with it, according to the external conditions. A numerical model within TRNSYS environment has been developed basing on the information collected on the pilot plant by the data acquisition system. A simulation of the working of the pilot plant along a typical year has been performed, evaluating its increased performance and optimisation thanks to the bypass.
Analytical and numerical modelling of biomass gasification in downdraft gasifiers
Authors: Moretti L , Arpino F. , Cortellessa G. , Dell’Isola M. , Ficco G , Grossi G. , Zuena F. , Di Palma M. , Vanoli L. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The ever-growing energy demand and environmental pollution level have pushed research interest toward the development of new promising technologies to utilize bioenergy sustainably. In this scenario, biomass gasification has been regarded as a promising renewable energy resource that, if efficiently exploited, can contribute to the reduction of dependency on fossil fuel and CO2 emissions from the power sector. Nevertheless, exploitation of biomass gasification still requires to overcome technological and logistical issues. In this work, the authors propose a general thermodynamic model able to predict the steady operating conditions of biomass gasification. Assuming thermodynamic equilibrium, the model is able to predict temperature, mass flow rate and composition of produced syngas. Moreover, a numerical model of the biomass gasification system has been developed by using the commercial software Aspen Plus. It is a steady-state zero-dimensional equilibrium model, based on the mass and energy balances, assuming the Gibbs free energy minimization. Aspen Plus allows building models of customized operative units using the Fortran code. In order to assure the performance of both analytical and Aspen Plus models, numerical results are compared with experimental data available in the scientific literature for downdraft gasifiers.
Computational Model For The Estimation Of Thermo-Energetic Properties In Dynamic Regime Of Existing Building Components
Authors: Mastino Costantino Carlo , Ricciu Roberto , Baccoli Roberto , Salaris Chiara , Innamoratii Roberto , Frattolilloi Andrea , Pacitto Antonio 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The guidelines of the European community towards a low-carbon economic society identify one of the most important scenarios in the energy efficiency of existing buildings. The discrepancy between the requirement and availability of free heat (endogenous heat, solar radiation) in certain hours of the day and operating conditions, makes the steady-state hypothesis generally inappropriate. In particular, the oscillating component of the transmitted flow, compared to the average temperature difference, is regressive in winter and dominant in summer. From this it follows the reliability of the stationary forecast models in winter and the need for dynamic forecast models in summer. The dominance of the continental climate in the EU, compared to the Mediterranean one, led to the actual delay in the development of dynamic models, especially at a regulatory level. In this paper, a methodology for assessing the dynamic properties of a building component is evaluated. The methodology, based on heat transmission equations implements a numerical model for existing building components whose input data can be obtained from experimental measurements. The developed model has been used to estimate the energetic and thermal behaviour of a building envelope subjected to energy efficiency measures.