bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recent population size of Timor Friarbird and resources utilization at three landscapes in West Timor Island, Indonesia
Authors: Paga B , Pudyatmoko S , Faida L R W , Yuda P 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The Timor Friarbird is an endemic species of Timor Island that plays an important role in forest ecosystems, agriculture and other natural environments in the semiarid region. Although classified as an endemic species and declining population, the bird is protected by Indonesian law. This study aims to assess the density, group size, and population distribution of Timor Friarbird and resource uses in three landscape at Western Timor. Distance sampling methods with transect lines was used to estimate population density and bird distribution. The highest estimated bird population density (3.31 ind./ha) in the Baumata landscape and lowest (0.15 ind./ha) in Bipolo. Individual sizes per group of 1-4 individuals in all landscapes. Utilization of distributed feed resources in the main area, secondary and low potency area. The distribution of species in the rainy season is higher found in low-lying, higher dry seasons in lowlands. High anthropogenic pressures and changes in dominant habitats in the low-lying west Timor Island contribute to the rate of population decline of this species thus impacting crop productivity and conservation efforts of this species in the future.
The use of nurseryfish meal (Kurtus gulliver) as local ingredients chicken feed
Authors: Praptiwi I I , Wahida  
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Kurtus gulliver fish is one of the most abundant natural resources in Merauke Regency but is not widely consumed by the community, so it can be used as a source of protein for feed raw materials. The purpose of this study was to find out the protein, fat, and fiber content of poultry feed produced using a fish meal, to be used as the basis for the development of diverse local feed raw materials. This study used a random design complete with 3 concentrations of fish meal (5%, 10%, and 15%). The parameters tested are chemical qualities. The results showed an increasing concentration of fish meal, can increase the protein and fat content at the concentration of 15%. The content of fiber increases, but it has no significant effect and is still included in the standard feed needs. Based on these results, it is known as fish meal (Kurtus gulliver), with a mixture of other local ingredients capable of complementing the nutritional needs of poultry, so that it can be developed as a raw material for poultry feed, in supporting the fulfillment of nutritional needs based on local resources. This indirectly supports the diversity of nutritious feed ingredients.
Effect of pH and acetic anhydride concentration on physicochemical characteristics of acetylated sago starch
Authors: Rahim A , Mahfudz  , Muhardi  , Kadir Syahraeni , Rostiati  , Alam Nur , Hutomo Gatot Siswo , Priyantono Eko , Salingkat Chitra Anggriani , Abdullah  , Anandar Rizki 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Acetylation is a method of chemically modified starch that can be used to improve the physicochemical properties of starch. The aim of the study was to obtain the pH and concentration of acetic anhydride which gave the best effect on the physicochemical characteristics of acetylated sago starch. The study was arranged using a completely randomized design with a factorial pattern in combination with a suspension pH of 7.0; 8.0; 9.0 and 10.0 with acetic anhydride concentrations of 3%, 6%, 9%, 12% and 15% (volume/weight). The parameters of research include acetyl percent, degree of substitution (DS), water holding capacity (WHC), oil holding capacity (OHC), swelling power, solubility and degree of clarity of the paste. The results at research showed that the combination suspension pH of 8 and 15% concentration of acetic anhydride gave optimal physicochemical characteristics of acetylated sago starch. The all concentrations of acetic anhydride (3 to 15%, v/w) were acetyl percent, DS, solubility and the degree of clarity of the paste increased with the increasing. The WHC and OHC tend the decreasing with the increasing concentration of acetic anhydride. Swelling power was stable with increasing concentration of acetic anhydride.
Fecal Bacterial community and potential pathogens from Sunda Porcupine (Hystrix javanica) based on nanopore 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing
Authors: Nugroho H A , Iryanto S B , Prasetyoputri A , Wardiana A , Nuryana I , Andriani A , Fathoni A , Rizal S , Masrukhin M , Inayah N , Ningrum R A , Dharmayanthi A B , Saputra S 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Sunda porcupine (Hystrix javanica) is an endemic rodent species to Indonesia. Potential zoonoses from this bushmeat is poorly studied although it has become a popular bushmeat in several regions Java Island. The aims of this preliminary study were to assess bacterial community and to observe any potential pathogenic bacteria in Sunda porcupine. A freshly defecated feces from a healthy Sunda porcupine was collected aseptically and then subjected for DNA extraction and 16S rRNA amplification before further process for DNA sequencing in the Nanopore MinION Mk1b. After analysis using EPI2ME Labs. A total 34 phyla were detected, dominated by Firmicutes (77.32%) followed by Bacteroidetes (14.23%), and Proteobacteria (3.26%). Meanwhile, more than 760 genera were observed, dominated by Bacteroides (5.88%), Romboutsia (4.64%) and Clostridium (3.99%). Nonpathogenic bacteria were dominantly observed in the sample but several potential pathogenic bacteria were also detected, including Shigella (0.01%), Plesiomonas shigelloides (0.01%), Prevotella loescheii (0.02%), Salmonella (0.002%) and Vibrio cholera (<0.001%). Although the pathogenic bacteria were detected in a very low proportion, their presence may raise a concern when fecal contamination occurred during meat processing. Proper hygiene and sanitation are critical parts of to prevent food borne pathogens transmission to humans.
Disappearance or overlooked or untouched? - A brief history of aquatic gastropods of Malaysian Borneo
Authors: Abdulla-Al-Asif  , Hamli Hadi , Idris Mohd Hanafi , Gili Carles , Arifur Rahman AFM , Kamal Abu Hena Mustafa 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe aquatic gastropods (marine and freshwater) in Malaysian Borneo (MYB) have an ancient history of 255 years, while the first record was observed in 1767 by the pioneer Carl Linnaeus. Over time, many European, native taxonomists and conservationists have worked on the diverse group of gastropods in the Malaysian part of Borneo (states of Sabah and Sarawak). No previous work has been conducted to assess the historical status of this particular class of Mollusca. The study objective was to reveal the types of aquatic gastropods and the number of published research and expeditions conducted in MYB. The bibliometric analysis found 145 research publications mentioning the names of the region and reporting at least one gastropod species from this geographic region. Over the history of 255 years, a total of 559 gastropod species were reported by different research groups. Between 1767 and 1900, a total of 150 gastropod species were reported, followed by 79 species from 1900 to 2000 and 330 species from 2001 to 2022. The Grubbs test (p<0.05) identified outlier years for the reporting of gastropod species from MYB with 54 new species each in 2011 and 2020 and 39 species in 2001. Over the history of aquatic gastropod research in MYB, the taxonomists making the greatest contribution were Han Raven and his colleagues from Naturalis Biodiversity Center, The Netherlands, The Netherlands, who reported 111 new species from the region, followed by Nur Leena Wong from Universiti Putra Malaysia (54 new species). The results suggested that reporting of new species from MYB is increasing, which may reflect the many unexplored sites and suggests the existence of as yet unrecorded species in this ecoregion. In this regard further expeditions and research should improve estimates of the true number of aquatic gastropod species in this area. These results can help the regional governments in making a regional biodiversity database as well as in taking decisions regarding aquatic gastropod research and management.
Histo-anatomy and morphology of aquatic plants Bacopa amplexicaulis (Pursh) Wettst., Bacopa lanigera (Cham. & Schltdl.) Wettst., and Bacopa rotundifolia (Michx.) Wettst.
Authors: Izzah Nidaul , Nugraha Media Fitri Isma , Lestari Retno 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Plants of the genus Bacopa are ornamental water plants used in aquascape design. This study examined the differences in morphological and anatomical characteristics in the roots, stems, and leaves of three Bacopa species, namely B. amplexicaulis, B. lanigera, and B. rotundifolia. The identification of morphological structure was based on a book entitled Morfologi Tumbuhan (Plant Morphology) by Tjitrosoepomo (2016). Anatomical identification referred to the book on Plant Anatomy by Crang et al. (2018). The data collected were analyzed descriptively and quantitatively. Bacopa rotundifolia had the smallest leaf size, while B. amplexicaulis had the largest leaf size. All of the observed species had leaf anatomical characters in the form of anomocytic stomata. Bacopa amplexicaulis had the largest stem diameter, measuring 4.38 cm. Trichome and aerenchyma structures were found in all stems of the test species. Bacopa lanigera stems had the most trichomes, 72 in one cross-section. Meanwhile, B. amplexicaulis had the longest trichome (1.590 µm). The aerenchyma of B. amplexicaulis and B. lanigera was flat, while that of B. rotundifolia was oval. Bacopa amplexicaulis had the longest aerenchyma at 957 µm. Only B. lanigera had a trichome on the root.
Megabenthos monitoring in Ternate, North Maluku
Authors: Ibrahim Putri Sapira , Saputro Sugeng Purwo , Yalindua Fione Yukita , Faricha Ana , Triandiza Teddy 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Several megabenthos groups have important economic and ecological values- also play an important role in the condition and stability of coral reef ecosystems. The important role of this megabenthos group makes it a potential object as an indicator to assess coral reef health. This study aimed to determine the condition of coral reefs by monitoring the megabenthos. The targeted megabenthos in this study consisted of eight groups (Holothuria sp., Diadema sp., Blue Starfish, Tridacna spp., Drupella, Trochus niloticus, Acanthaster planci, and Lobsters). Data collection was carried out in Ternate Waters at 14 stations using the Benthos Belt Transect method. The analysis was carried out by examining the presence and the number of species, distribution and density of each station, density of each type of megabenthos, and ecological indices (dominance index, diversity index, and evenness index). The results of the study found a total of 375 individuals. The group of megabenthos species that were always found at each station was coral polyp-eating snails (Drupella). On the other hand, Acanthaster planci and lobster were groups of megabenthos species found only at a few stations. Overall, Drupella was the most dominant type of megabenthos during observation, which may be related to overfishing at that location. Several groups of fish were natural predators of Drupella. Their numbers in the wild are decreasing due to overfishing. The dominance that occurred during observations was closely related to the health condition of coral reefs and the diversity of coral species as the habitat of megabenthos.
Plankton community in the sea waters around Panjang and Pamujan Besar islands, Banten Bay
Authors: Juniardi E , Sulistiono  , Hariyadi S , Ervinia A , Wildan D M , Rohim N , Asriansyah A , Hestirianoto T , Nugroho T. , Thoha H , Fitriyah N 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This study aims to analyze the plankton community in the sea waters around Panjnag and Pamujan Besar Islands. It was conducted for three months, from May to July 2019, at six locations around the islands. Analysis was carried out to estimate abundance and the diversity, evenness, and dominance indices. Based on the study, the observed phytoplankton consisted of 3 classes, i.e., Bacillariophyceae (30 genera), Cyanophyceae (2 genera), and Dinophyceae (5 genera). The most abundant genera were Chaetoceros sp, Spirulina sp and Rhizosolenia sp. Meanwhile, the zooplankton consisted of 8 classes, i.e., Bivalvia, Ciliata (6 genera), Malacostraca (13 genera), Gastropods, Polychaeta, Sarcodina (1 genus), Rotifera (1 genus), and Urochordata (1 genus), with Nauplius, Calanus, and Bivalve larvae as the most abundant biota. The abundance of phytoplankton and zooplankton varied, 38095-13038515 cells/m3 (phyto) and 4010-190475 inds./m3 (zoo), respectively. The diversity, evenness and dominance indices of the phytoplankton and zooplankton were 0.693-2.146, 0.694-1.00, 0.160-0.341, and 0.780-2.027, 0.275-0.861, 0.160-0.500, respectively. Based on the results, the diversity value is moderate with high evenness and no dominant genera.
The abundance and species assemblages of dinoflagellate cysts at sediments in the three estuaries of the Southern part of South Sulawesi
Authors: Nur Inda Sari S , Rukminasari Nita 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Harmful algal blooms (HAB) are a phenomenon of drastically increasing phytoplankton populations, which can cause problems in aquatic ecosystems. Dinoflagellate cysts are a type of phytoplankton that are the main source of causing the HAB phenomenon; this occurs due to unfavorable environmental conditions. The Southern Estuary of South Sulawesi has high fishery resources and high primary productivity. The coastal areas around these waters are widely used for anthropogenic activities that trigger nutrient increases. There are no studies on HAB, especially the abundance and community structure of dinoflagellate cysts at this location. This study aims to identify the types, abundance, and species assemblages of dinoflagellate cysts in the three estuaries of southern South Sulawesi. Sampling was carried out at three locations, namely the Pappa River Estuary, the Kelara River Estuary, and the Calendu River Estuary, in January 2022. Each location consists of 4 stations, 3 sub-stations with 3 repetitions sampling for each substation. Results showed that there were 34 species of dinoflagellate cysts belonging to 6 families, namely Gonyaulacaceae, Gymnodiniaceae, Osteropsidaceae, Peridiniaceae, Polykrikaceae, and Protoperidiaceae. The highest abundance of dinoflagellate cysts was at the Calendu River estuary station III, accounting for 82 cysts g−1, while the lowest abundance of dinoflagellate cysts was found at Pappa River estuaries stations I and II, accounting for 8 cysts g−1. The level of diversity, uniformity, and richness of dinoflagellate cysts was not significantly different in the three study sites. The family Osteropsidaceae was the most common type of dinoflagellate cyst found in the three study sites. The Osteropsidaceae family is a type of dinoflagellate cyst that contains toxins, so it can be assumed that the three research sites have the potential for HAB.
Population status and microhabitat preferences of endemic Banggai cardinalfish (Pterapogon kauderni) in the introduced habitat in Kendari Bay, Indonesia
Authors: Arbi Ucu Yanu , Vimono Indra Bayu , Kusumawardhani Nindya Rizqy , Anshari Laode 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Endemic Banggai cardinalfish has been found in several regions of Indonesia as an introduced species, including Kendari, Southeast Sulawesi. Observation on Banggai cardinalfish in Kendari Bay waters was carried out from late March to early April 2019 to obtain data on population and microhabitat preferences of Banggai cardinalfish in this location. The data were collected by scuba diving using a modified Belt Transect method, with 3 replicate transects (20x5 m) at each station. Observations of abundance, habitat and microhabitat preferences of Banggai cardinalfish were carried out in each belt transect. The fish was classified into 3 sizes based on standard length (SL): post-larval stage, juvenile, and adult. As supporting data of environmental, several parameters of physic and chemical were also measured at each location. The result shows that Banggai cardinalfish populations were found in all five locations at varying densities. 589 individuals of fish observed during the survey at five stations, consisting of 1.53% pot-larvae stages (9 individuals), 38.88% juveniles (229 individuals) and 59.59% adults (351 individuals). The density was ranged 0.31-2.41 ind m−2, which the lowest was in Station I (North part of Bokori Island), and the highest was in Station II (West part of Bokori Island). The maximum density for post-larvae stages was found at Station V (0.09 ind m−2), for juveniles at Station II (1.42 ind m−2) and for adults at Station IV (1.04 ind m−2). The majority (71.82%) of the Banggai cardinalfish were associated with black sea urchins (Diadema spp.), others associated with seagrass (11.71%), coral branching (9.51%), sea anemones (5.43%) and mushroom coral (1.53%). Juveniles and adults were generally found to be associated with sea urchin, while all post-larvae stages were associated with Heliofungia actiniformis. The results show that the Banggai cardinalfish has been able to adapt and establish resident populations in Kendari Bay water.
Comparative Study of Plankton Structure at Monoculture and Integrated Multi-Trophic Aquaculture (IMTA) Floating Net Cages at Coastal Area of Menjangan Besar, Karimunjawa Islands, Indonesia
Authors: Rifahyanti Siti Saodah , Putro Sapto Purnomo , Hariyati Riche , Murningsih  
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The study on the structure of the plankton community in monoculture and Integrated Multi-Trophic Aquaculture System (IMTA) Floating Net Cages at Karimunjawa Islands was conducted in October 2021. This study aimed to assess the structure of the plankton community along with water quality parameters in those areas. Sampling was carried out by using the filtration method with a plankton net at three locations, namely monoculture, IMTA floating net cages, and non aquaculture (reference site). The study discovered 40 species consisting of 22 species of phytoplankton and 18 species of zooplankton. The phytoplankton found were from the Bacillariophyceae, Cyanophyceae, and Dinophyceae classes, while the zooplankton were from the Ascidiacea, Branchiopoda, Eurotatoria, Hexanauplia, Malacostraca, Secementea and Thecostraca classes. The biological indeces of phytoplankton showed the diversity index (H) between 1.26 - 2.27, the evenness index (E) between 0.4-0.17, and the dominance index (D) between 0.46 - 0.72. The zooplankton biological indeces showed the value (H) between 1.44-2.28, the value (E) is between 0.67 - 0.99 and the value (D) is between 0.11-0.19. Water quality parameter ranges were: visibility 5.1-7.38 m, water temperature 24.53-25.8 °C, turbidity 0-0.48 NTU, DO 1-14.74 mg.L−1, pH 5.75-9.55, salinity 29.5-33 °/oo and TDS 8.94 - 18.9 ppm. The results of the parametric data test using one way analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that the abundance of plankton structure at the three locations was significantly different (p<0.05).
The length weight relationship and condition factors of Tank Goby Glossogobius giuris Hamilton, 1822 in Lapompakka Lake, Wajo Regency, South Sulawesi
Authors: Suwarni  , Kadir Farah Nilamsari , Tresnati Joeharnani , Kudsiah Hadiratul , Rahim Sri Wahyuni 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Lapompakka lake is one of the inland waters located in Tanasitolo District, South Sulawesi. Tank goby is one of the main commodity fish in Lake Lapompakka. This study aims to analyze the length-weight relationship and condition factors based on sex, observation time, and gonad maturity of tank goby. The results of this research are expected to provide information on growth patterns and conditions factor of tank goby so that they are useful in determining sustainable management and utilization efforts for tank goby conservation. This research was conducted for three months (September - November). Tank goby samples were obtained from 2 fishermen who were fishing in Lapompakka Lake. Analysis was conducted at the Laboratory of Fisheries Biology, Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Marine and Fisheries Sciences, Hasanuddin University. The number of fish was 212 individuals, composed of 153 males and 59 females. The results of the analysis, the growth patterns of male (b = 2.4667) and female (b = 2.3770) tank goby have a negative allometric growth pattern, which indicates the increase in body length is faster than the increase in body weight of the tank goby. The value of the condition factor indicates that the tank goby is in good condition and are in the fat or plump category that the condition factor of the tank goby increase along with an increase in the level of gonad maturity.
Antibacterial activity of n-hexane and ethanol extracts of Polycarpa aurata against pathogenic bacteria of shrimp and fish
Authors: Lestari D N , Massinai A , Haris A 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPolycarapa auratais one of the ascidians from the subphylum Urochordata that produces secondary metabolites that can be used as antibacterial agents. This study aimed to examine the potential ofPolycarpa aurataextract as an antibacterial against pathogenic bacteria of aquatic organisms, namelyVibrio parahaemolyticusandVibrio harveyi. This research was conducted from February to July 2020, including sample collection and preparation, extraction, and antibacterial testing. Samples ofPolycarpa auratawere obtained from the reef flat waters of Barranglompo Island, Makassar City. Sample preparation was carried out to produce a dry sample which was then continued in the extraction process by the multilevel maceration method (1:3). The solvents used were n-hexane (nonpolar) and ethanol (polar), which yielded a 1.6% yield of n-hexane extract and 2.21% ethanol extract, respectively. The antibacterial activity test was carried out using the disc diffusion method(Kirby Bauer Test)and measured the average clear zone against the two test bacteria. The n-hexane extract ofPolycarpa auratashowed antibacterial potential againstVibrio parahaemolyticus0.73 mm andVibrio harveyi1.24 mm with a weak category. Meanwhile, the ethanol extract ofPolycarpa auratashowed weak antibacterial activity againstVibrio parahaemolyticus4.21 mm and moderate category againstVibrio harveyi6.69 mm.