bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trajectories of psychiatric care in an innovative outpatient program designed for transitional age youth (16 to 24 years old) in French-speaking Belgium: results of a retrospective study
Authors: Marchini S. , Reis J. , Hussein I. , Delvenne V. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionTransitional age youth (TAY), from 16 to 24 years old, are a particularly at-risk population in mental health. They have specific needs, not currently covered between child and adolescent mental health services (CAMHS) and adult mental health services (AMHS), mainly because of existing barriers.ObjectivesThis retrospective study was carried out to describe sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of 243 patients who attended a new TAY-tailored outpatient psychiatric program.MethodsOutcomes related to trajectories of psychiatric care were analysed, such as leading symptom, consultation’s referral and requester, and final orientation.ResultsThe sample was mainly composed by female; the average age was 18.7 (± 2.0) years. Leading symptoms were divided into three dimensions: internalizing (67.5%), externalizing (21.8%) and psychotic (10.7%). Leading symptom differed according to sex (p<0.001), with internalizing symptoms more frequent in women, externalizing and psychotic symptoms more frequent in men. Patients presenting psychotic symptoms were significantly older than both those with internalizing (p=0.016) and externalizing symptoms (p=0.008). After first assessment, 81.5% of youth were followed-up in our specific outpatient program, without any difference according to sex (p=0.081) or leading symptom (p=0.092). Overall and final psychiatric orientation are showed in the flowchart.Conclusions
This TAY-tailored psychiatric outpatient program represents an innovative contribution to reinforce CAMHS-AMHS interface in French-speaking Belgium. This study enlightens the importance to enhance clinical expertise in youth mental health. Classical boundaries, determined by artificial variables such as age or type of psychopathology, do not seem to be efficient criteria to achieve a good quality psychiatric evaluation and continuity of care in TAY.Disclosure
The authors declare no potential conflicts of interest. The study was carried out as part of the University Chair “Psychiatry in Transition in a World in Transition” (Université Libre de Bruxelles - ULB) with the support of Julie Renson Fund, the Queen Fa
The impact of maternal SARS-COV-2 infection in early stages of newborn neurodevelopment: preliminary results in a multicenter Spanish study
Authors: Castro Quintas Á. , San Martín N. , De Las Cuevas I. , Eixarch E. , Daura-Corral M. , Lopez M. , De La Fuente Tomas L. , Garcia-Portilla M.P. , Fañanas L. , Ayesa-Arriola R. 
Published: September 2022

Introduction
The consequences for the COVID-19 pandemic in the newborns of affected mothers remains unknown. Previous clinical experiences with other infections during pregnancy lead to considered pregnant women and their offspring especially vulnerable for SARS-COV-2. That is, the underlying physiopathological changes caused by the infection (e.g. storm of cytokines, micro-coagulation in placenta or vertical transmission) could clearly compromise fetal neurodevelopment.ObjectivesTo analyze the impact of maternal SARS-COV-2 infection during pregnancy in early neurodevelopment of infants gestated during the COVID-19 pandemic period compared to those gestated immediately prior (2017-2021).Methods
212 pregnant women (14% infected) were followed throughout their pregnancy and postpartum, including newborn development. SARS-COV-2 infection was serologically confirmed during pregnancy. The Brazelton Neonatal Assessment Scale (NBAS) was administered at 6 weeks old by a trained neonatologist to evaluate neurological, social and behavioral aspects of newborn’s functioning. Differences in NBAS scores between cases and controls were tested by ANOVAs. All the analysis were adjusted for maternal age, sociodemographic status, anxious-depressive symptomatology, infant’s sex and gestational age at birth and NBAS, and for the period of gestation (previous or during COVID-19 pandemic).ResultsNBAS social interactive dimension was significantly decreased in those infants exposed to prenatal SARS-COV-2 (F=4.248, p=.043), particularly when the infection occurred before the week 20 of gestation. Gestation during COVID-19 pandemic did not alter NBAS subscales.ConclusionsSARS-COV-2 infection during pregnancy seems to be associated with lower NBAS scores on social dimension in 6 weeks old exposed newborns.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Pharmacogenetics and antidepressant treatment outcomes in pregnancy: a Danish-population based study
Authors: Mushtaq M. , Ishtiak-Ahmed K. , Thirstrup J. , Gasse C. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionDepression in pregnancy is common and often requires treatment with antidepressant drugs. Most antidepressants are metabolized by the cytochrome P450 system (CYP), in particular CYP2C19 and -2D6, both of which are genetically polymorphic. Additionally, the activity of these enzymes is altered during pregnancy.ObjectivesTo investigate pharmacogenetic variability regarding CYP2C19 and -2D6 in pregnant users of antidepressants and treatment outcomes.MethodsThe study population comprises all women born between 1981-1999, who gave birth to at least one child before December 2015 identified from the large Danish population-based iPSYCH2012 case-cohort study sample linked to information on genetic variants, prescription drug use and outcome data. Pharmacogenetic genotypes and phenotypes of CYP2C19 and CYP2D6 will be categorized into poor, (PM), intermediate, (IM), extensive, (EM), rapid (RM) and ultra-rapid metabolizers (RM) using array-based SNP information. Antidepressant drug use and comedication during pregnancy will be assessed based on prescription data. Outcomes include treatment discontinuation, switching and psychiatric hospitalizations. Cox regression analysis will be performed to estimate the hazard ratios comparing the rates of the different outcomes in people with different phenotypes, compared with EM adjusted for a number of confounding factors.ResultsBased on previous research we will be able to identify approximately 6531 pregnant women with a psychiatric history. Among those, we estimate to find 14 PM, 161 IM, 285 EM, 168 RM and 25 UM of CYP2C19, and 27 PM, 218 IM and 408 EM of CYP2D6. Exposure to antidepressants is estimated at 10%.ConclusionsWe expect to be able to present the results at the conference.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Predicting treatment resistance in people with a first-episode of psychosis using commonly recorded clinical information
Authors: Osimo E.F. , Perry B. , Mallikarjun P. , Murray G. , Howes O. , Jones P. , Upthegrove R. , Khandaker G. 
Published: September 2022

Introduction23% of people experiencing a first episode of psychosis (FEP) develop treatment resistant schizophrenia (TRS). At present, there are no established methods to accurately identify who will develop TRS from baseline.ObjectivesIn this study we used patient data from three UK early intervention services (EIS) to investigate the predictive potential of routinely recorded sociodemographic, lifestyle and biological data at FEP baseline for the risk of TRS up to six years later.MethodsWe developed two risk prediction algorithms to predict the risk of TRS at 2-8 years from FEP onset using commonly recorded information at baseline. Using the forced-entry method, we created a model including age, sex, ethnicity, triglycerides, alkaline phosphatase levels and lymphocyte counts. We also produced a machine-learning-based model, including an additional four variables. The models were developed using data from two and externally validated in another UK psychosis EIS.ResultsThe development samples included 785 patients, and 1,110 were included in the validation sample. The models discriminated TRS well at internal validation (forced-entry: C 0.70, 95%CI 0.63-0.76; LASSO: C 0.69, 95%CI 0.63-0.77). At external validation, discrimination performance attenuated (forced-entry: C 0.63, 0.58-0.69; LASSO: C 0.64, 0.58-0.69) but recovered for the forced entry model after recalibration and revision of the lymphocyte predictor (C: 0.67, 0.62-0.73).ConclusionsThe use of commonly recorded clinical information including biomarkers taken at FEP onset could help to predict TRS. These measures should be considered in future studies modelling psychiatric outcomes.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Antidepressant discontinuation manias: a new bipolar subtype?
Authors: Abou Kassm S. , Naja W. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionAntidepressant withdrawal manic states are rare and controversial phenomena. The underlying pathophysiology and the clinical implications have not been thoroughly discussed in the literature.ObjectivesWe aimed to review reports of antidepressant discontinuation manic states and to discuss the different hypothetical pathophysiological changes underlying this phenomenon. We also argued in favor of its inclusion in the bipolar spectrum.MethodsWe searched Pubmed using the key words: ‘antidepressant withdrawal’ or ‘antidepressant discontinuation’ plus ‘mania’ or ‘hypomania’ from January 2008 until January 2018.ResultsTwenty-nine cases of antidepressant discontinuation manic states were identified. Hypotheses involve the implication of Catecholamines, Acetylcholine and Serotonin in the pathophysiology of this paradoxical phenomenon. The search for red flags for bipolar disorder in these case reports revealed psychiatric histories in favor of a bipolar spectrum disorder in 12 individuals while five were already known to have bipolar disorder.ConclusionsAntidepressant discontinuation mania should be considered on the bipolar spectrum.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Remote Assessment of Disease and Relapse in Major Depressive Disorder (RADAR-MDD): Recruitment, retention, and data availability in a longitudinal remote measurement study
Authors: Matcham F. , Leightley D. , Siddi S. , Lamers F. , White K. , Annas P. , De Girolamo G. , Difrancesco S. , Haro J.M. , Horsfall M. , Ivan A. , Lavelle G. , Li Q. , Lombardini F. , Mohr D. , Narayan V. , Oetzmann C. , Penninx B. , Simblett S. , Bruce S. , Nica R. , Wykes T. , Brasen J. , Myin-Germeys I. , Rintala A. , Conde P. , Dobson R. , Folarin A. , Stewart C. , Ranjan Y. , Rashid Z. , Cummins N. , Manyakov N. , Vairavan S. , Hotopf M. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionMajor Depressive Disorder (MDD) is prevalent, often chronic, and requires ongoing monitoring of symptoms to track response to treatment and identify early indicators of relapse. Remote Measurement Technologies (RMT) provide an exciting opportunity to transform the measurement and management of MDD, via data collected from inbuilt smartphone sensors and wearable devices alongside app-based questionnaires and tasks.ObjectivesTo describe the amount of data collected during a multimodal longitudinal RMT study, in an MDD population.MethodsRADAR-MDD is a multi-centre, prospective observational cohort study. People with a history of MDD were provided with a wrist-worn wearable, and several apps designed to: a) collect data from smartphone sensors; and b) deliver questionnaires, speech tasks and cognitive assessments and followed-up for a maximum of 2 years.ResultsA total of 623 individuals with a history of MDD were enrolled in the study with 80% completion rates for primary outcome assessments across all timepoints. 79.8% of people participated for the maximum amount of time available and 20.2% withdrew prematurely. Data availability across all RMT data types varied depending on the source of data and the participant-burden for each data type. We found no evidence of an association between the severity of depression symptoms at baseline and the availability of data. 110 participants had > 50% data available across all data types, and thus able to contribute to multiparametric analyses.ConclusionsRADAR-MDD is the largest multimodal RMT study in the field of mental health. Here, we have shown that collecting RMT data from a clinical population is feasible.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Immune-endocrine biomarkers associated with mental health: a 9-year longitudinal investigation from the Hertfordshire Ageing Study
Authors: Hou R. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionAgeing is accompanied by the development of low-grade systemic inflammation which may promote changes in the neural systems predisposing to geriatric depression via the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to investigate the longitudinal associations between baseline values and conditional changes in immune-endocrine biomarkers and mental health status in a population-based cohort of older adults.MethodsData from 347 subjects(200 men, 147 women) who participated in the Hertfordshire Ageing Study at baseline(mean age 67.3 years) and at 9-year follow-up were analysed. Serum samples for analysis of inflammatory and endocrinological measures were collected at baseline and follow-up. At follow-up, depression (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale) and mental health(Short Form-36 questionnaire) were assessed. Baseline values and changes in biomarkers in relation to risk of high depression scores and low mental health scores were examined using logistic regression.ResultsLower baseline cortisol was related to greater risk of high depression scores; higher baseline cortisol: Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulphate ratio(men only) and higher baseline CRP(women only) were related to greater risk of poor mental health scores. In addition, greater decline in cortisol was related to increased risk of high depression scores among men. These relationships were robust(p<0.05) after controlling for sex, age, BMI, smoking, alcohol consumption and number of systems medicated.ConclusionsThis study provides further evidence of the role of the HPA and inflammation in older adults with poor mental health. In addition, the findings highlight sex differences where increased inflammation in women and declines in cortisol in men was linked to poorer mental health.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Estimation of future suicide risk in psychiatric inpatiens with 6-item questionnaire
Authors: Bélteczki Z. , Újvári J. , Rihmer Z. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionEstimation of suicide risk is difficult task, and the clinical utility of different suicide risk scales is far from ideal.Objectives
Previously we developed a 6-item clinician rated (yes/no) questionnaire (score range:0-28) that is able to detect current and past suicide risk with high sensitivity and specificity among acutely admitted psychiatric inpatients (Rihmer et al, 2017).Methods
The 151 (75 suicidal and 76 non-suicidial) psychiatric inpatients, admitted between 1 November 2016 and 31 March 2017 were followed till 31 August 2021. Cases of completed suicides and suicide attempters receiving medical attention were recorded.ResultsDuring the 53-month follow-up 3 patients (2%) completed suicide (a 46 year old male with bipolar II disorder, a 57 year old female with schizoaffective disorder, a 55 year old male with schizoaffective disorder). Both of them were at baseline among the 75 suicidal inpatients and belonged to the group of “Marked suicide risk” (range:16-28 points) and scored 28,26 and 25 points, respectively. Suicide attempts have been made by 6 patients, all of them belonged to initially “Marked suicide risk” group (one initially non-suicidal, 16 points; 5 initially suicidal 22,26,26,26 and 28 points, respectively). 141 from the 151 patients received regular personal and/or on-line psychiatric care (including patients who died by suicide).ConclusionsDespite the small number of suicidal cases, our results suggest that this short, simple questionnaire might be helpful not only in detecting current and past suicidality, but also predicting future risk among discharged psyciatric inpatients.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Comorbid alcohol and cannabis use disorders increase mortality in patients with eating disorders
Authors: Stryhn L. , Mejldal A. , Guala M. , Støving R. , Stenager E. , Skøt L. , Mellentin A. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionAlcohol and cannabis use disorders are the most frequent comorbid substance use disorders (SUDs) among patients with eating disorders (EDs). EDs and SUDs involving alcohol and cannabis are independently associated with excess mortality.ObjectivesTo investigate the impact of comorbid alcohol use disorder (AUD) and cannabis use disorder (CUD) on mortality in anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN), and unspecified eating disorder (USED) compared with matched control subjects.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study was conducted using Danish nationwide registers. The risk of mortality among ED patients with/without AUD and/or CUD was compared to matched control subjects with/without AUD and/or CUD using hazard ratios (HRs).ResultsOf the 20,759 included ED patients, 4.7% and 4.3% had AUD and CUD, respectively. The corresponding figures for the 83,036 control subjects were 1.0% (AUD) and 1.3% (CUD). ED patients without SUDs exhibited an increased risk of mortality compared to control subjects without SUDs (adjusted HR 2.9, P<.001). Mortality risk was higher among ED patients with AUD (adjusted HR 11.8, P<.001) or CUD (adjusted HR 4.6, P<.001) compared to control subjects without AUD/CUD. In addition, patients with AN, BN, and USED, who had comorbid AUD and/or CUD, exhibited an elevated risk of mortality compared to control subjects without AUD/CUD (AN: adjusted HR 11.3, P<.001; BN: adjusted HR 5.9, P<.001; USED: adjusted HR 10.9, P<.001).ConclusionsComorbid AUD and/or CUD increase mortality risk in patients with EDs. In order to reduce mortality in ED patients, prevention and treatment of AUD and CUD is important.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Internet gaming disorder, aggression and psychological distress in young adults
Authors: Maia B.R. , Reis G. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionInternet gaming has become a topic of interest since it has positive but also negative effects.ObjectivesTo explore the relationship between internet gaming, aggression and psychological distress in young adults.Methods229 Portuguese subjects (55.5% females), with a mean age of 21.13 years old (SD = 2.075, range: 18-29) filled in the Internet Gaming Disorder Scale-Short Form, the Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire, and the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scales-21.ResultsThe total score of internet gaming was of 15.90 (SD=6.32), 79.9% (n=183) of the sample used to play videogames and 24.5% (n=56) spent more than ten hours playing a week. Internet gaming was correlated with physical aggression (r=.23**), anger (r=.31**) and hostility (r=.35**); and with depression (r=.36**), anxiety (r=.28**), and stress (r=.31**). A Mann Whitney U test revealed significant differences in internet gaming disorder levels of males (Md=130.75, n=102) and females (Md=102.35, n=127), U=4871.000 z=-3.232, p=.001, r=4.49.ConclusionsInternet gaming disorder is associated with aggression and psychological distress, and males presented higher internet gaming disorder levels. Future studies are needed to explore the bidirectional relationships between gaming disorder, aggression and psychological distress.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Gambling During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Skelin M. , Puljić A. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionWith the Covid-19 pandemic numerous questions about the behaviour of gambling addicts have risen, with the lockdown causing a lack of structure, peer supervision and support. The first reports have suggested an increase in activity and riskier choices.ObjectivesOur aim was to explore how the Covid-19 pandemic has influenced gambling habits.MethodsData was collected from companies in Germany and Croatia which provide online gambling services, and statistically analyzed.ResultsIn Germany in April 2020, there was a 51.19% decrease in number of players when compared to April 2019, but a 116.46% rise in the number of tickets per player. In comparison, in April 2021 a rise of 704.43% occurred in number of active players compared to April 2020, with a 277.56% increase in ballots and a decrease in number of tickets per player by 53%. Additional results showed a 1.2% decrease in spendings on sports events in April 2020 compared to April 2019, but a 277.88% increase for sporting events spendings in April 2021. Preliminary results from Croatia show an increase in online gambling activities.ConclusionsIn 2020, despite a drop in active players, the increase in stakes and frequency of play resulted only in a slight decrease in sporting events spendings. In 2021 the recorded increase in all categories except in frequency, points to the idea that restoring life to usual rhythm reduces the frequency of an individual’s play. In conclusion, further research and monitoring of gambling addicts’ behaviour in the “new normal” is needed.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Alert plan-application “MySolutions” - lived experiences of users with a serious mental illness
Authors: Bom J. , Bruintjes J. , Sportel B. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionIn daily life an alert or relaps prevention plan can be a helpful tool in preventing patients with severe mental illness (SMI) from relapse. However, patients often find it hard to keep the paper version close by. A smartphone version could be a solution. “MySolutions” is a webapplication providing the possibility to add e.g. pictures or music to the alert plan, which could be helping in time of need.ObjectivesTo describe the lived experiences of patients with (SMI) with the webapplication ‘MySolutions’ and get insight in the helping and hindering characteristics of the application.MethodsQualitative research in a fenomenological framework. Eight interviews were held with outpatients with SMI. All interviews where methodically analyzed using the steps of Colaizzi (1978).ResultsIn general, users were enthousiastic about the look and feel of the application. Using the application was considerd easy. Lived experiences of participants displayed the following themes: Autonomy, Acceptance, Frustration, Self confidence, and Reassurance. By practicing and adding photos and music, they perceived the webapplication to be a personal aid tool for experienced problems related to mental vulnerability in daily life. Participants also reported more difficulties in using the application in times of dysregulation.ConclusionsThe webapplication can be a valuable addition to the alert plan for people with SMI due to the possibility of personalization and the fact it is always available on a mobile phone. The application seems particularly suiting for people in a stabile phase. Future research should focus on phase of recovery in relation to use of the application.DisclosureNo significant relationships.