bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The synthesis of qualitative evidence-based learning by design model to improve TPACK of prospective mathematics teacher
Authors: Yurniwati  , Utomo Erry 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Teachers in the 21st century are required to have the ability to integrate technology for content knowledge and teaching strategies known as TPACK. 21st-century teachers must have the knowledge and skills to use various technological tools, both traditional and modern, to facilitate learning and improve learning outcomes. For this reason, it is necessary to prepare prospective teachers who have the knowledge and skills to integrate technology into education. This research aims to design a learning model to develop TPACK of prospective elementary teachers in mathematics learning. This literature study is based on related articles or books and analyzed to formulate applicable learning models. The results showed that The synthesis of qualitative evidence-based learning by design could improve the TPACK of prospective teachers. Because it provides an authentic context to learn about educational technology by starting from the difficulties of students. Also, it enhances prospective teachers’ self-regulated learning and collaboration.
The Science Environment Technology Society (SETS) based e-module development with project based learning model in colloidal learning
Authors: Azura W , Silalahi A , Zubir M , Nurfajriani  
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Online learning prefers to use electronic teaching materials, one of the teaching materials used is e-modules as a learning resource that can improve students’ abilities. This form of inquisition is oriented to R&D (Research & Development) with the application of the ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation). Research for implementation of e-module based using pre-experiment design with One Group Pretest-Posttest Design. The sample selection was done by purposive sampling technique, the samples studied were students of SMA Negeri 1 Tanjungbalai as many as 32 students. The instruments used are the BSNP questionnaire and thedescription test High Order Thinking Skill (HOTS). The results showed that the development of SETS-based e-modules with the PjBL model on colloidal learning: (1) the average feasibility of developing e-modules for all BSNP criteria was eligible (content feasibility = 3.54, language eligibility = 3.59, presentation feasibility = 3.84 and the feasibility of graphics = 3.68, then the e-module is feasible to use, and (2) its use has an effect on increasing High Order Thinking Skill students’(HOTS) (with an N-gain of 0.44).
rPOL2V5: a compact radiation-hard resonant switched-capacitor DC-DC converter for the CMS HGCAL
Authors: Caregari S. , Ripamonti G. , Antoszczuk P.D. , Michelis S. , Saggini S. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
A radiation-tolerant resonant switched-capacitor DC-DC converter (rPOL2V5) has been developed to supply the front-end analog and digital circuits for the detectors used in the LHC High Luminosity upgrades. It has been of particular interest to the CMS High-Granularity Calorimeter (HGCAL) community due to its lower volume compared to existing radiation-hard buck converters. rPOL2V5 is based on an ASIC developed using 130 nm CMOS technology. It is powered by a 2.5 V input and it can supply a maximum current from 2 A to 5 A, depending on the output voltage value, which can range from 1 V to 1.5 V. This work presents the strategies adopted at the ASIC and PCB level to bring the converter to maturity, and its electrical and radiation characterisation results.
Status and perspectives of the PETALO project
Authors: Ferrario Paola 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
PETALO (Positron Emission Tof Apparatus with Liquid xenOn) is a novel concept for positron emission tomography scanners, which uses liquid xenon as a scintillation medium and silicon photomultipliers as a readout. The large scintillation yield and the fast scintillation time of liquid xenon, as well as its scalability, makes it an excellent candidate for PET scanners with time-of-flight measurements, especially for total-body machines. A first prototype of PETALO, devoted to demonstrate the potential of the concept, measuring the energy and time resolution and to test technical solutions for a complete ring is fully operational. The prototype consists of an aluminum box filled with liquid xenon, with two arrays of SiPMs on opposite sides facing the xenon. A β+ emitter source generating 511-keV pairs of gammas is placed in a central port and the SiPMs record the scintillation light produced by the gamma interactions, allowing for the reconstruction of the position, the energy and the time of the interactions.
Verification and validation (VnV) of control software for an isocentric rotation chair positioner used to treat patients with head/neck cancers in a fixed carbon-ion beamline
Authors: Zhang X. , Hsi W.C. , Yang F. , Zhou R. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
To utilize the full capability of the isocentric rotating chair positioner for the image-guided radiotherapy treatment (IGRT) in a carbon-ion fixed beamline, a verification and validation (VnV) procedure was deployed prior to commissioning the positioner for its clinical application. Based on the structural characteristics of the motion mechanisms and the treatment workflow, we developed the mathematical manipulations to construct an operational-matrix implemented for executing 6 Degree-of-Freedom (6-DoF) displacements required by IGRT system in the IEC fixed (I
fix) coordinate. We initially found that a residual misaligned Z-axis of the rotating-platform (Z
Irpf) introduced deviations in the order of a few mm for rotations over 360°. We established the sets of categorized VnV-variable to evaluate few residual (but minor) misalignments of the various mechanisms that can cause deviations in the measured displacements. We developed a concept of correlation using each set of VnV-variable to construct a correction-matrix applied on the operational-matrix. Each correction uses the Hexapod to model and compensate the deviations induced by a specific misaligned mechanism. We applied the correction-matrix using VnV-variable values of 0.05° and 2.79 mm for the misalignment of Z
Irpf. These values were determined during the VnV procedure. By applying correction-matrix, we achieved an accuracy of ± 1.0 mm in-translation and ± 1.0° in-rotation of 6-DoF displacements having pitch/roll within 2° for a clinical trial treating 17 patients using treatment fields without pitch/roll. To utilize this positioner for treatment fields with ± 20° pitch/roll, we need to construct and implement an additional correction-matrix in the control software to achieve the required clinical accuracy.
Global assessment of urban trees’ cooling efficiency based on satellite observations
Authors: Yang Qiquan , Huang Xin , Tong Xiaohua , Xiao Changjiang , Yang Jie , Liu Yue , Cao Yinxia 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Trees are among the most important urban land covers, and their effects on local thermal environments have been extensively evaluated by using the concept of urban trees’ cooling efficiency (CE), defined as the magnitude of land surface temperature (LST) reduction by per 1% increase in fractional tree cover (FTC). Existing studies provide quantitative knowledge of the CE at local and regional scales, but global-scale analyses are still lacking. Therefore, this study fills this research gap through investigating the spatiotemporal pattern of CE in 510 global cities. CE is quantified by the opposite value of the regression coefficient of FTC (i.e. CE =−∂LST/∂FTC) in a multiple linear regression model, where LST is the dependent variable and FTC, surface elevation, and nighttime light intensity are the independent variables. Results show that daytime LST decreases greatly with increasing FTC in most cities, and the globally averaged annual daytime CE reaches 0.063 °C %−1, while at night, the effect of urban trees on LST weakens a lot, with an annual average CE of only 0.007 °C %−1 across global cities. CE varies markedly among cities and tends to be higher in hot and dry cities, which can be attributed to the significant nonlinear relation between CE and climatic conditions, in that the increase in temperature and the decrease in humidity can enhance vapor pressure deficit and further promote the heat dissipation by plant transpiration. As expected, CE shows a distinct seasonal variation, generally characterized as being higher in summer and lower in winter. In addition, our results suggest that previous studies based on a bivariate linear regression model have overestimated CE, especially at night when trees’ activities are weak. This global-scale study provides new insights into the mitigation of urban thermal stress from the perspective of increasing urban greenery.
Deforestation triggering irreversible transition in Amazon hydrological cycle
Authors: Xu Xiyan , Zhang Xiaoyan , Riley William J , Xue Ying , Nobre Carlos A , Lovejoy Thomas E , Jia Gensuo 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The Amazon is hypothesized to reach an irreversible ‘tipping point’ when deforestation slows the hydrological cycle sufficiently that tropical forest ecosystems cannot be sustained. However, inception of such a tipping point has not been supported by observations and the relevant links between deforestation and atmospheric moisture recycling are poorly understood. Here we show that reduction in evapotranspiration from 20 years of deforestation dried the atmosphere persistently and caused moisture decoupling, i.e. an opposite sign of moisture change between the lower and middle troposphere. Increased deforestation exacerbated the lower troposphere drying and caused it to penetrate deeper into the middle troposphere in the dry and transition seasons over monsoon forests and savannas. Deforestation induced warming-enhanced buoyant updrafts, elevated hot and dry air and thereby reduced downward mixing of water supplies from the tropical Atlantic that normally moisten the Amazon forests. The severe atmospheric desiccation in the southern and eastern Amazon cannot be compensated by enhanced water supplies from the Atlantic Ocean, demonstrating an irreversible transition in Amazon hydrological cycle exacerbated by rapid deforestation. The more recent drying through the seasons over rainforests and during the wet season over the transition zones from rainforests to monsoon forests and savannas, however, suggests a window of opportunity for preventing ecosystem collapse with forest conservation.
Bottom-up drivers of future fire regimes in western boreal North America
Authors: Foster Adrianna C , Shuman Jacquelyn K , Rogers Brendan M , Walker Xanthe J , Mack Michelle C , Bourgeau-Chavez Laura L , Veraverbeke Sander , Goetz Scott J 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Forest characteristics, structure, and dynamics within the North American boreal region are heavily influenced by wildfire intensity, severity, and frequency. Increasing temperatures are likely to result in drier conditions and longer fire seasons, potentially leading to more intense and frequent fires. However, an increase in deciduous forest cover is also predicted across the region, potentially decreasing flammability. In this study, we use an individual tree-based forest model to test bottom-up (i.e. fuels) vs top-down (i.e. climate) controls on fire activity and project future forest and wildfire dynamics. The University of Virginia Forest Model Enhanced is an individual tree-based forest model that has been successfully updated and validated within the North American boreal zone. We updated the model to better characterize fire ignition and behavior in relation to litter and fire weather conditions, allowing for further interactions between vegetation, soils, fire, and climate. Model output following updates showed good agreement with combustion observations at individual sites within boreal Alaska and western Canada. We then applied the updated model at sites within interior Alaska and the Northwest Territories to simulate wildfire and forest response to climate change under moderate (RCP 4.5) and extreme (RCP 8.5) scenarios. Results suggest that changing climate will act to decrease biomass and increase deciduous fraction in many regions of boreal North America. These changes are accompanied by decreases in fire probability and average fire intensity, despite fuel drying, indicating a negative feedback of fuel loading on wildfire. These simulations demonstrate the importance of dynamic fuels and dynamic vegetation in predicting future forest and wildfire conditions. The vegetation and wildfire changes predicted here have implications for large-scale changes in vegetation composition, biomass, and wildfire severity across boreal North America, potentially resulting in further feedbacks to regional and even global climate and carbon cycling.
Extensions of the noncommutative Standard Model and the weak order one condition
Authors: Besnard Fabien 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In the derivation of the Standard Model from the axioms of noncommutative geometry the scalar sector is given by a finite Dirac operator which has to satisfy the first-order condition. However, the general solution to this constraint still has unphysical terms which must be fine-tuned to zero. Some of them can be removed by the so-called second-order condition. However, the first-order condition generally does not survive in extensions to models with gauge groups larger that U(1) × SU(2) × SU(3). In this paper we show that in the U(1)B–L-extension one can implement a weaker form of the first-order condition which, we argue, is necessary in order for noncommutative Gauge theory to make sense at all, and that this condition reduces the amount of fine-tuning to the off-diagonal terms in the Yukawa mass matrices for the leptons and quarks. It follows that the weak order one condition imposed on a the B–L-extended model yields exactly the same constraint as the much more restrictive, and, we believe, less well motivated, second-order condition imposed on the Standard Model alone.
Strengthening Indonesian Farmers’ Resilience Capacity of Disasters and Climate Change Through Development of Decision Support System: Challenges Lie Ahead
Authors: Utomo M , Pieter L 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Farmers are the vanguard of national food providers. However, they still have not yet received much serious attention and assistance. This condition is exacerbated by unpredictable climate change. Therefore, it is crucial to have an analytics tool to assist farmers in resolving production problems with some variables such as soil condition, season, and plant species. Decision support system (DSS) in agriculture helps farmers in making decisions based on previous research results. However, DSS in some countries are available, but not widely used by the farmers. This study aims to analyze the possibility of developing DSS to increase the resilience capacity of farmers in Indonesia. The method used in this research was a literature study and descriptive analysis. The results showed that there is still a long way to go in achieving the robust DSS, referring to the quality of research results so far. To elaborate on this, it is necessary to make a research roadmap in this field by understanding the current research status. Moreover, DSS will be a form of contribution from researchers in providing reliable and updated public information packages for a better agricultural management.
Study of the configuration of multi-source energy harvesting systems based on piezoelectric nanogenerator as a clean energy harvester
Authors: Saparullah  , Mufti N , Adinegoro P , Wisodo H 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This paper presents the connection configuration of a multi-source piezoelectric transducer to extract energy from ambient mechanical forces to power up electronic devices. The configurations are optimized by applying a full-bridge rectifier (FBR) as an interface circuit to complete alternating to direct current (AC-DC) transformation before powering up any electronic devices. The FBR is varied in Silicon (Si-FBR) and Schottky (So-FBR) diodes to compare which one is more efficient. Six pieces of 35 mm piezoelectric transducer, PT, are connected in parallel and series connection then pressed under 20 N periodic force. The study shows that the configuration types of the multi-source PT have different results in harvesting mechanical energy. Experimental results show the maximum power can be harvested from six PTs in series for one and six Si-FBRs are 440 and 500 µW, respectively and for So-FBR obtained 150 and 730 µW. In a parallel configuration, maximum power can be harvested from six PTs for one and six Si-FBRs are 440 and 1050 µW, respectively and for So-FBR obtained 780 and 902 µW.
Land use sustainability to mitigate potential land slide in Ciletuh watershed, Sukabumi, Indonesia
Authors: Wahidah A N , Martono D N , Supriatna  
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe widespread use of agricultural land and the built-up areas will decrease the land carrying capacity, which means that the area will be more vulnerable to natural disasters. Furthermore, the local community has used the Ciletuh area for agriculture, plantations, and forestry to fulfil the food needs in southern Sukabumi then developing some tourism areas. This study aims to analyse the effects of land management on the ecosystem and develop strategies of land management based on the ecosystem for communities affected by disasters. The analysis was conducted by interviewing community representatives in the upstream, middle, or downstream of the watershed, then elaborated by expert judgment through the Analysis Hierarchy Process method on seven expert respondents. The result shows that potential landslides in December and January due to the highest precipitation occur in both months. Most deforestation occurs in the long term due to the cultivation need for food crops, and increasing more landslide potential. It concludes that both communities and experts consider the community social capacity for spatial arrangement and land use, especially the intensification of land use, could be an alternative to land use sustainability to mitigate potential landslides in the Ciletuh watershed.
The Atmospheric Concentration of Common Greenhouse Gases in the Pulpwood Plantation in Riau Province, Indonesia
Authors: Novriyanti E , Watanabe M , Koike T 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Pulp and paper wood plantations are one of the substantial forestry estates in Indonesia that are usually integrated with a pulp and paper mill industry. The atmospheric condition of glasshouse gases that keep increasing primarily due to anthropogenic activities represent critical issues on human health and affect forest productivity. Therefore this study measured the atmospheric concentration of common glasshouse gases in the pulpwood plantation integrated with a pulp mill in Riau Province. Overly high concentration of some glasshouse gases in the atmosphere may cause issues and at an extreme level, may lead to the occurrence of acid rain that could affect forest health and productivity. This study employed the Ogawa Passive Sampler Method to determine the air concentration of common glasshouse gases, i.e., [SOx], [NOx], [NO2], and [O3] in different rotations and stand ages of Acacia crassicarpa and Eucalyptus pellita stands. The results showed that species, rotation age, and stand age affect the concentration of gaseous N in the plantations. The concentrations of [NOx] and [NO2] gases were higher in the old rotation than in the young rotation of A. crassicarpa stands. Those concentrations were also relatively higher in peat soil sites than in non-peat soil sites.
Greenhouse gas emissions and rice yield from different rice varieties using Gora Systems and Walik Jerami Systems in Rainfed Lands
Authors: Yulianingsih E , Kartikawati R , Yulianingrum H 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The rapid development has resulted in the shrinkage of relatively fertile irrigated price fields. To increase the yields, various rice varieties are recommended but their GHG emissions remain largely unknown if planted in two different system (e.g.gogorancah and walikjerami).This study aims to determine GHG emissions and rice yields from various varieties in rainfed lowland areas. The research was conducted at experimental station of Indonesian Agricultural Environmental Research Institute, PatiCentral Javaduring the 2015/2016 high season. Eight high yielding rice varieties (Ciherang, Mekongga, Inpari 18, IPB 3S, Inpari 13, Inpari 31, Inpari 32 and Inpari 33) were planted in boxes measuring 1 m2 on a 5 x 6 m2 plot. The experiment was designed in a randomized block design with three replications. CH4 and N2O samples were taken using manual GHG gauges. The results showed that the CH4 emissions released from the eight varieties were significantly different at the level of P <0.05. The highest CH4 emission in the gora system was in the IPB 3S variety of 532.89 kg CH4/ha/season while the highest CH4 emission in the wajer system was shown by the Inpari 32 variety of 482.35 kg CH4/ha/season. The highest N2O emission in the gora system was in the Ciherang variety of 0.75 kg N2O/ha/season, while the highest N2O emission in the wajer system was shown by the Inpari 32 variety of 0.57 kg N2O/ha/season. The highest average rice yield was shown by the Inpari 32 variety which was 7.78 t/ha higher in the gora system than the wajer system.
Alternate wetting and drying combined farmyard manure for reducing greenhouse gas while improving rice yield
Authors: Pramono A , Adriany T A , Susilawati H L , Jumari  , Yunianti I F 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Water and organic amendments are the most important factors controlling methane (CH ) emissions from paddy fields. Alternate wetting and drying (AWD) in rice cultivation improve water productivity (WP), minimize methane emission, but might increase nitrous oxide emissions (N O). The effects of combined water management and organic manure application on methane and nitrous oxide emission, rice yield are not well documented. The objective of this experiment was to determine rice cultivation technology that can improve productivity and reduce GHG emissions on rice field. The Inpari 32 rice cultivar was used in this study. Closed chamber methods were used for measuring emissions of greenhouse gases. Our results showed that, in comparison with continuous flooding, the AWD significantly reduced total global warming potential (GWP) by 13–17%. The AWD technique increased grain yields by 6-7% compared with those of CF. The AWD technique reduced CH (14–18%) and increased water productivity by 7–12% compared to CF system, along an 18–23% reduction in GHG intensity (GHGI). In conclusion, AWD technique and soil amendment with farmyard manure could be effectively used in greenhouse gas mitigation strategies for reducing GHG emission, GWP, and GHGI without sacrificing rice yield.