bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aislamiento de nematodos entomopatógenos nativos en cultivos de caña panelera y pruebas de patogenicidad sobre Diatraea saccharalis (LEPIDOPTERA: CRAMBIDAE)
Authors: López Llano Rubian Augusto , Soto Giraldo Alberto 
Published: November 2022

Los nematodos entomopatógenos son organismos habitantes del suelo que interactúan como importantes reguladores de su ecosistema, los cuales son utilizados como controladores de plagas en cultivos de importancia comercial. En este estudio se determinó la presencia de nematodos nativos en suelos provenientes de cultivos de caña panelera de los municipios de Supía, Riosucio y Filadelfia del departamento de Caldas. Se evaluó igualmente la mortalidad que causan dichos organismos sobre larvas de Diatraea saccharalis. Se encontraron 15 aislamientos pertenecientes al género Steinernema y 6 al género Heterorhabditis. Se seleccionaron 10 de los aislamientos de nematodos más virulentos sobre Galleria mellonella (nueve de Steinernema y uno de Heterorhabditis) para inoculación in vitro sobre larvas de último instar de D. saccharalis, empleando el método de inmersión, mostrando mortalidades entre el 10% y el 52%, 72 horas después de la infestación. Estos resultados contribuyen al conocimiento de la diversidad de nematodos entomopatógenos en el departamento de Caldas y dan una perspectiva del posible empleo de estos organismos como un componente importante del manejo integrado de Diatraea en caña panelera.
A review of the land reform beneficiary training in South Africa: The role of agricultural extension
Authors: Zantsi S. , Nengovhela R. 
Published: November 2022

Lack of competent commercial farming skills in emerging farmers is identified as one of the reasons for poor productivity on redistributed commercial farms. To address this shortcoming, the government and non-governmental organisations spend significant amounts of money providing a range of beneficiary training. However, very few objective studies exist that report how these pieces of training occur and how they are performed. This research aims to provide an initial basic understanding of the requirements and loopholes in the land reform beneficiary trainings, paving the way for future studies. The objective was to identify and discuss the role of agricultural extension in administering these beneficiary trainings. These objectives were achieved by critically reviewing the relevant literature, policy documents, and some relevant official statistics. In our synthesis of the literature, we identified key attributes for a competent commercial farmer which are: the need to know how to adopt, regularly, new technology, new production processes, and new marketing arrangements, while continuing to take a calculated risk and have sound business and financial management skills. We then assessed these attributes to all small-scale farmers and land reform beneficiaries and found little theoretical evidence of such. However, some of the beneficiary trainings converge with the key commercial farmer competencies but others were missing. There were significant discrepancies in the beneficiary training expenditure and few details of the service providers and skills supplied.
COVID-19 infection in an intensive care unit in Tunisia: Risk factors of mortality
Authors: Fatma Ben Youssef , Imene Mlouki , Oussama Jawed , Nihel Omri , Mohamed Fekih Hassen , Souheil ElAtrous , Habiba Ben SiK Ali , Sana El Mhamdi 
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Identification of COVID-19 patients at high risk of mortality is crucial to improve patient management. Our study aimed to identify mortality risk factors at the COVID-19 Intensive Care Unit (ICU), in Mahdia. Methods: We conducted a prospective study including patients admitted to the COVID-19 ICU at University Hospital Tahar Sfar Mahdia (September 2020 to February 2021). We used “The RAPID CORE CASE REPORT FORM” developed by the World Health Organization. Results: A total of 119 patients were included (60.5% male). The average age was 61.9 ± 12 years. During their stay, 51.8% of them had invasive ventilation, 31.3 % required vasopressors intake and 50.9% required a prone position. The mortality rate was 47.1%. Severe acute respiratory distress syndrome and Health Care Associated Infections (HAI) were associated with a higher risk of mortality (64.9% vs 17.8%; p < 0.001 and 81.1% vs 18.2 %; p < 0.001 respectively). Mortality was higher among intubated patients (79.7% vs 14.5%; p < 0.001). The mean Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHII) score were higher in deaths than in survivors ((15.02 ± 7.6 vs 10.63 ± 5.31; p = 0.02). Low oxygen saturation on admission was associated with a higher risk of mortality (91.1% ± 6.44 vs 86% ± 11.25; p = 0.004). Binary logistic regression showed increased odds of mortality with health-acquired infection (OR, 7.96 [95% CI, 2.28 - 27.7], severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (OR, 4.04 [95% CI, 1.11 - 14.73]) and invasive ventilation (OR, 12.23 [95% CI, 3.31 – 45.2]). Conclusion: Interventions preventing the risk factors are needed to improve the prognosis of Covid-19 patients.
SCENTAR: A High-Density Nodal Array to Study the Structure and Seismogenic Behavior of the Southern Cascadia Forearc
Authors: Delph Jonathan R. , Thomas Amanda M. , Stanciu A. Christian , Aslam Khurram , Chatterjee Avigyan , Sassard Vincent 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Tectonic and seismogenic variations in subduction forearcs can be linked through various processes associated with subduction. Along the Cascadia forearc, significant variations between different geologic expressions of subduction appear to correlate, such as episodic tremor-and-slip (ETS) recurrence interval, intraslab seismicity, slab dip, uplift and exhumation rates, and topography, which allows for the systematic study of the plausible controlling mechanisms behind these variations. Even though the southern Cascadia forearc has the broadest topographic expression and shortest ETS recurrence intervals along the margin, it has been relatively underinstrumented with modern seismic equipment. Therefore, better seismic images are needed before robust comparisons with other portions of the forearc can be made. In March 2020, we deployed the Southern Cascadia Earthquake and Tectonics Array throughout the southern Cascadia forearc. This array consisted of 60 continuously recording three-component nodal seismometers with an average station spacing of ∼15 km, and stations recorded ∼38 days of data on average. We will analyze this newly collected nodal dataset to better image the structural characteristics and constrain the seismogenic behavior of the southern Cascadia forearc. The main goals of this project are to (1) constrain the precise location of the plate interface through seismic imaging and the analysis of seismicity, (2) characterize the lower crustal architecture of the overriding forearc crust to understand the role that this plays in enabling the high nonvolcanic tremor density and short episodic slow-slip recurrence intervals in the region, and (3) attempt to decouple the contributions of subduction versus San Andreas–related deformation to uplift along this particularly elevated portion of the Cascadia forearc. The results of this project will shed light on the controlling mechanisms behind heterogeneous ETS behavior and variable forearc surficial responses to subduction in Cascadia, with implications for other analogous subduction margins.
Hubungan Gaya Kepemimpinan Kepala Madrasah dengan Iklim di MA PP Al-Ikhlas Ujung Bone
Authors: Paizal Irfan , Siraj Arifuddin , Mania Sitti 
Published: November 2022

This research strive to present relationship of leadership style of headmaster with madrasah climate. This research aims to: 1) describe the reality of leadership style of headmaster; 2) describe the reality madrasah climate; and 3) examine the correlation between leadership style of headmaster and madrasah climate at MA PP Al-Ikhlas Ujung Bone. This research is a quantitative by ex post facto method. Instrument used is a questionarre than analyzed by using product moment correlation. This research indicate that: 1) leadership style of headmaster including the good category with percentage of 82,25%; 2) madrasah climate including the high category with percentage of 80,5%; and 3) the correlation between leadership style of headmaster and madrasah climate indicate a positive correlation with correlation coefficient value at 0,643.
Pengaruh Manajemen Terhadap Akreditasi Madrasah Tsanawiyah Se-Kecamatan Tellusiattinge Kabupaten Bone
Authors: Aisyah Siti Aisyah , Damopolii Muljono , Mania Sitti 
Published: November 2022

This study describes the effect of madrasah’s management Functions on madrasah’s accreditation in Madrasah Tsanawiyah in Tellu Siattinge District, Bone Regency. This type of research is quantitative, by presenting statistical data on the phenomena that occur. The study population was 88 teachers as well as the sample. The technique of collecting data using a questionnaire and analyzed by descriptive statistics and inferential statistics by testing the hypothesis with the product moment correlation test. The results showed that there was a positive and significant effect of madrasah management functions on madrasah accreditation with a coefficient of 0.662 and a significance of 0.000. There is an effect of 66% of the management function on madrasah accreditation and other factors are influenced by other factors. This large percentage should get the attention of educational stakeholders regarding the importance of planning, organizing, implementing, and evaluating functions in improving madrasah accreditation.
The Antibacterial Activity of Infusion of Averrhoa bilimbi L Fruits and Cananga odorata Flowers against Frequently Pathogenic Bacteria
Authors: Budiarti Lia Yulia , Wydiamala Erida , Ulfa Najiya 
Published: November 2022

Infectious diseases due to opportunistic bacteria and pathogens are still a health problem. Transmission can be prevented by using an alcohol-based antiseptic liquid or naturally. Averrhoa bilimbi L. fruit plants and Cananga odorata flowers contain bioactive compounds that can inhibit bacterial growth. This study aimed to analyze the infusion activity of Averrhoa bilimbi fruit and Cananga odorata flower in single and combined dosage forms against several frequently pathogenic bacteria in vitro. This posttest-only experimental study with a control group design used the paper disc diffusion method. Observation parameters were the diameter of the inhibition zone on the test bacteria after infusion treatment of 50%, 75%, and 100% A.bilimbi fruit and 100% C.odora flowers, as well as 70% alcohol. The results showed that the diameter of the inhibition zone in the combination treatment of A.bilimbi and C.odorata infusion was significantly different from that of the single preparation (p<0.05). The combination of 100% A.bilimbi and 100% C.odorata (ratio 1:1) produced the greatest effect and was equivalent to 70% alcohol. The average inhibition of the combination infusion of Staphylococcus aureus (17.36mm) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (17.57mm) was greater than that of Escherichia coli (14.48 mm) and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (14.12mm). In conclusion, the infusion of Averrhoa bilimbi fruit and the Cananga odorata flower had antibacterial activity, and the combined preparation produced a better inhibitory effect than the single preparation.
Keywords: antibacterial activity, Averrhoa bilimbi L., Cananga odorata, infusion, single preparation, combination preparation
Atrial Fibrillation Detected After Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Rahmawati Vita Kusuma , Wahyudi Mauliya Sri Sukmawati , Sari Dwi Ayu Novinda 
Published: November 2022

Atrial fibrillation (AF) increases 4-5 times incidence of cardiac embolic stroke. In contrast, as many as 70% of AF cases can be detected in stroke within three days of onset, and this can affect the patient's prognosis. This case report describes the causal pathophysiology of AF and acute stroke and identifies the associated risk factors. Case 1 is a 44-year-old woman, acute stroke with acute decrease level of consciousness. The patient came with status epilepticus and a hypertensive emergency. Obtained a history of stroke, uncontrolled hypertension, and myocardial infarction. Initial Score National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) was 33 and CHA2DS2-VASc was 5. Investigation non-contrast head Computed Tomography (CT) scan showed no bleeding and echocardiography (ECG) showed AF with rapid ventricular response. The patient died after 3 days of treatment. Case 2 is an 83-year-old woman, acute stroke with acute decrease level of consciousness and right motor lateralization. There was a history of hypertension and stroke with left hemiparesis. The initial NIHSS was 28 and CHA2DS2-VASc was 6. Investigations non-contrast head CT scan showed no bleeding and ECG showed AF with normal ventricular response. The patient was discharged from the hospital after being treated for 22 days with NIHSS of 20. Several risk factors for post-stroke AF are elderly, hypertension, subtype of ischemic stroke, prior stroke, and comorbidities such as DM and hypertension. Post-stroke AF can occur because of changes in heart rhythm through autonomic disorders, increased plasma catecholamine levels, and inflammatory reactions. Early Recognition of risk factors, focusing on patients at higher risk of AF detected after stroke becomes important for comprehensive management of stroke with AF.
Keywords: acute ischemic stroke, atrial fibrillation, CHA2DS2-VASc score, risk factors.
Uji Sitotoksik Ekstrak Alkaloid Daun Belimbing Wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi L.) terhadap Larva Udang (Artemia salina)
Authors: Mariani Mariani , Rosyidah Kholifatu , Mustikasari Kamilia 
Published: November 2022

Research on cytotoxic test of alkaloids extract of belimbing wuluh leaves has been conducted. The objective of this research are to determine the yield, toxicity, TLC chromatogram pattern, and compounds in alkaloids extract of belimbing wuluh leaves with GC-MS. Alkaloid extraction process uses acid base method, the phytochemical tests was carried out with reagents Dragendorff, Wagner and Meyer. Toxicity test of alkaloids extract of belimbing wuluh leaves with BSLT method on A. salina larvae to determine LC50 value. Alkaloids extract of belimbing wuluh leaves were analyzed by TLC and GC-MS. The yield of alkaloids extract of belimbing wuluh leaves obtained was 10, 13 %. The results of phytochemical tests were carried out which showed positive containing alkaloids. LC50 value of the alkaloids extract of belimbing wuluh leaves indicated that is very toxic. The LC50value obtained is 9.170 ppm. Analysis using TLC with eluent of n-hexane: ethyl acetate (8:2) showed 5 stains. GC-MS analysis showed are alkaloid compound with an odd molecular weight.
The impact of farmer partnerships on arabica coffee farming in Simalungun Regency, North Sumatra Province, Indonesia
Authors: Astuti Linda Tri Wira , Flores Diana Sofia Huitron , Arman Iman , Herawati Herawati , Butarbutar Yenny Laura 
Published: November 2022

Coffee is one of Indonesia's main economic activities for foreign exchange. An increase in exports of 8.11%, and a decline in imports of 58% in 2019, opened up export opportunities and large domestic markets. The government has implemented efforts to improve coffee farmers' welfare, one of which is agricultural business partnerships that can solve smallholder problems in developing countries and expand subsistence or traditional agriculture to high production value and export-oriented. This research aimed to analyze (1) the factors influencing coffee farmers' participation in agricultural partnerships and (2) the impact of the agricultural partnership on coffee farmers' performance in Simalungun Regency, North Sumatra Province. The Propensity Score Matching (PSM) technique analyzed the partnership's influence on coffee farming and agricultural income, productivity, and prices. The results showed that number of dependents household members and land area influence farmers' partnership participation. Participation increases coffee farming and agricultural income, productivity, and prices.
On the Application of Probabilistic Decline Curve Analysis to Unconventional Reservoirs
Authors: Egbe U. C. , Awoleke O. O. , Olorode O. M. , Goddard S. D. 
Published: November 2022

Summary
Several authors have worked on combining decline curve analysis (DCA) models and stochastic algorithms for probabilistic DCAs. However, there are no publications on the application of these probabilistic decline curve models to all the major shale basins in the United States. Also, several empirical and analytical decline curve models have been developed to fit historical production data better; there is no systematic investigation of the relevance of the efforts on new model development compared with the efforts to quantify the uncertainty associated with the “noise” in the historical data. This work compares the uncertainty associated with determining the best-fit model (epistemic uncertainty) with the uncertainty associated with the historical data (aleatoric uncertainty) and presents a procedure to find DCA-stochastic algorithm combinations that encompass the epistemic uncertainty.
We investigated two Bayesian methods—the approximate Bayesian computation and the Gibbs sampler—and two frequentist methods—the conventional bootstrap (BS) and modified BS (MBS). These stochastic algorithms were combined with five empirical DCA models (Arps, Duong, power law, logistic growth, and stretched exponential decline) and the analytical Jacobi theta-2 model. We analyzed historical production data from 1,800 wells (300 wells from each of the six major shale basins studied) with historical data lengths ranging from 12 to 60 months. We show the errors associated with the assumption of a uniform distribution for the model parameters and present an approach for integrating informative prior (IP) probabilistic distributions instead of the noninformative prior (NIP) or uniform prior distributions. Our results indicate the superior performance of the Bayesian methods, especially at short hindcasts (12–24 months of production history). We observed that the duration of the historical production data was the most critical factor. Using long hindcasts (up to 60 months) leveled the performance of all probabilistic methods regardless of the decline curve model or statistical methodology used. Additionally, we showed that it is possible to find DCA-stochastic model combinations that reflect the epistemic uncertainty in most of the shale basins investigated.
The novelty of this work lies in the development of IPs for the Bayesian methodologies and the development of a systematic approach to determine the combination of statistical methods and DCA models that encompasses the epistemic uncertainty. The proposed approach was implemented using open-source software packages to make our results reproducible and to facilitate its practical application in forecasting production in unconventional oil and gas reservoirs.
Prevalence, Knowledge and Awareness of Obstructive sleep apnea among Egyptians attending outpatient clinics.
Authors: Adwi Mohamed , Elmoushy Mohamed , Bassiony Mahmoud , Madkour Mahmoud , Mustafa Hassan , Rabie Moustafa M , Alboraie Mohamed 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Purpose:
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common sleep disorder that causes upper airway collapse leading to sleep apnea or hypopnea and is associated with serious health conditions. Despite being prevalent, it is an underdiagnosed and undertreated disease. We aimed at measuring the prevalence of OSA risk and detecting the level of knowledge of OSA among Egyptians attending outpatient clinics.
Methods:
A cross sectional study conducted at two university hospitals at Cairo using a Berlin questionnaire and OSA Knowledge and Attitude Questionnaire (OSAKA) Participants were recruited from outpatient clinics of Al-Hussein University Hospital and Al-Sayed Galal University Hospital. We used a validated Arabic translated version of the Berlin Questionnaire. Three domains (10 questions) were tested: the presence and severity of snoring, frequency of daytime sleepiness, and the presence of obesity or hypertension. A translation of 5 questions from OSA Knowledge/Attitude Questionnaire (OSAKA) that are suitable for the general population were also used.
Results:
Out of 395 participants approached, 345 participants (87%) completed the questionnaire. The age ranged from 18 to 82 years old (40.9 ± 15.5 SD). About 52% of participants were females (n=179) and 48% were males (n=166). The prevalence of high risk OSA among the studied population was 17.4% (n=60). Older ages, obesity and hypertension were found to be significantly associated with OSA risk. On the level of OSA awareness, 90.1% (n=311) of participants didn’t not have previous knowledge about OSA and there was no significant association between participants’ knowledge, and risk of OSA.
Conclusion:
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) was associated with older ages, obesity and hypertension. The knowledge level was far from needed among the studied group. This lack of knowledge needs to be addressed to reduce the underdiagnosis and undertreatment of obstructive sleep apnea.
Quantifying Dysregulation of fMRI-Derived Control Circuits for Computational Psychiatry
Authors: Sultan Syed , Skiena Steve , Mujica-Parodi Lilianne 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Psychiatric disorders are thought to result from dysregulated brain circuits, yet human neuroimaging currently lacks standardized methods for quantifying neural dysregulation. Here, we present a scalable framework for extracting fMRI-derived (generative) control circuits, then use circuit trajectories to estimate their control error. Using synthetic circuits, we first demonstrate that our framework accurately identifies each circuit's architecture and models its dynamics by estimation of transfer functions. As a use case, we then apply the framework to human task-based functional MRI data (UK Biobank, N=19,831). In a purely data-driven manner, without priors, our framework identified thalamus-linked prefrontal-limbic and ventral stream subcircuits, selectively engaged during sensorimotor processing of affective and non-affective stimuli. Finally, we demonstrate that circuit-wide dysregulation, defined by degree of drift from healthy trajectories, tracks symptom severity for neuroticism (ventral subcircuit), depression (prefrontal-limbic subcircuit), and bipolar disorder (full circuit).