bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Generating Hematopoietic Stem Cells from AGM-derived Hemogenic Precursors in a Stroma-free Engineered Niche
Authors: Dignum Tessa , Varnum-Finney Barbara , Dozono Stacey , Hadland Brandon 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Our previous studies demonstrated the capacity of a stroma layer consisting of AGM-derived myrAKT-transduced endothelial cells (AGM-EC) to support the in vitro conversion of hemogenic endothelium (HE) to hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) that functionally reconstitute long-term multilineage hematopoiesis in adult recipients following transplantation. Here we present our protocol for an engineered stromal-free niche developed using complementary single cell transcriptomic analyses of HE/HSC and the AGM-EC niche to define ligand-receptor interactions sufficient to support HSC formation from embryonic hemogenic precursors in vitro. This protocol will be useful to identify and characterize additional niche-derived signaling ligands/pathways that may further enhance HSC generation from HE in vitro in a well-defined platform, and provides a basis for further translational efforts toward HSC production in vitro such as from embryonic or pluripotent stem cells.
Host landing and diel activity of potent vectors of bluetongue disease, Culicoides oxystoma and Culicoides peregrinus
Authors: Mazumdar Shuddhasattwa Maitra , MONDAL BISWAJIT , Kar Surajit , Mazumdar Abhijit 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
The spread of bluetongue virus (BTV) depends on the vectorial ability of Culicoides affecting the susceptible host. Animal farms in West Bengal have reported prevalence of potent vectors of BTV (C. oxystoma, C. peregrinus and C. fulvus). Additionally, high seroprevalence of BTV was also reported from this cattle dense region. To minimize the risk of disease outbreak a strategy to reduce the exposure of cattle to midges bite is necessary. Therefore host-seeking activity of two important potent vectors, C. oxystoma and C. peregrinus on cattle were studied in two farm sites of West Bengal, India.
Methods
The study was done in 2018-19 comprising 297 hours of collection over 27 nights. A comparison was made between the catches obtained by mouth aspirator and light trap. Hourly collections of Culicoides were taken directly from cattle (oral aspirator) as well as light trap was operated in close vicinity of cattle at a different shed.
Results
A total of 15,456 Culicoides belonging to C. oxystoma, C. peregrinus and C. fulvus were collected in light trap and aspirator during the study. 8,758 midges were collected by aspirator, whereas 6,698 individuals were collected in light trap. The following species were aspirated: C. peregrinus and C. oxystoma; while the light trap catches consisted of C. fulvus, C. oxystoma and C. peregrinus. Light trap collection exhibited crepuscular activity whereas aspirator collection was maximum between 4:00 hr and 5:00 hr. Maximum landing of midges was observed in the neck and hump region of the cattle.
Conclusion
It was observed that the preferred time of feeding of C. peregrinus and C. oxystoma on cattle were early morning hours though midges were ubiquitous from dusk to dawn. Surprisingly the preferential landing of the two vectors were mostly restricted to the neck and hump region of the cattle. The results obtained during the study warrants further insight into the factors influencing the landing site by the vectors which may be useful biological data in disease management and draw effective deterrent strategies.
Long-term oncological outcomes of totally laparoscopic colectomy with intracorporeal anastomosis for colon cancer: propensity score matching analysis
Authors: Hamamoto Hiroki , Suzuki Yusuke , Takano Yoshiaki , Kuramoto Toru , Ishii Masatsugu , Osumi Wataru , Masubuchi Shinsuke , Tanaka Keitaro , Uchiyama Kazuhisa 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
This retrospective study aimed to compare long-term oncological outcomes between laparoscopic-assisted colectomy (LAC) with extracorporeal anastomosis (EA) and totally laparoscopic colectomy (TLC) with intracorporeal anastomosis (IA) for colon cancers, including right- and left-sided colon cancers.
Methods
Patients with stage I–III colon cancers who underwent elective laparoscopic colectomy between January 2013 and December 2017 were analyzed retrospectively. Patients converted from laparoscopic to open surgery and R1/R2 resection were excluded. Propensity score matching (PSM) analysis (1:1) was performed to overcome patient selection bias.
Results
A total of 388 patients were reviewed. After PSM, 83 patients in the EA group and 83 patients in the IA group were compared. Median follow-up was 56.5 months in the EA group and 55.5 months in the IA group. Estimated 3-year overall survival (OS) did not differ significantly between the EA group (86.6%; 95% confidence interval (CI), 77.4–92.4%) and IA group (84.8%; 95%CI, 75.0–91.1%; P = 0.68). Estimated 3-year disease-free survival (DFS) likewise did not differ significantly between the EA group (76.4%; 95%CI, 65.9–84.4%) and IA group (81.0%; 95%CI, 70.1–88.2%; P = 0.12).
Conclusion
TLC with IA was comparable to LAC with EA in terms of 3-year OS and DFS. TLC with IA thus appears to offer an oncologically feasible procedure.
An Investigation Into The Mathematical and Physical Origins of The Fine-Structure Constant
Authors: Williams Lamont 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The fine-structure constant, α, unites fundamental aspects of electromagnetism, quantum physics, and relativity. As such, it is one of the most important constants in nature. However, why it has the value of approximately 1/137 has been a mystery since it was first identified more than 100 years ago. To date, it is an ad hoc feature of the Standard Model, as it does not appear to be derivable within that body of work — being determined solely by experimentation. This report presents a mathematical formula for α that results in an exact match with the currently accepted value of the constant. The formula requires that a simple corrective term be applied to the value of one of the factors in the suggested equation. Notably, this corrective term, at approximately 0.023, is similar in value to the electron anomalous magnetic moment value, at approximately 0.0023, which is the corrective term that needs to be applied to the g-factor in the equation for the electron spin magnetic moment. In addition, it is shown that the corrective term for the proposed equation for α can be derived from the anomalous magnetic moment values of the electron, muon, and tau particle — values that have been well established through theory and/or experimentation. This supports the notion that the corrective term for the α formula is also a real and natural quantity. The quantum mechanical origins of the lepton anomalous magnetic moment values suggest that there might be a quantum mechanical origin to the corrective term for α as well. This possibility, as well as a broader physical interpretation of the value of α, is explored.
On secrecy outage probability for downlink NOMA systems with relay-antenna selection
Authors: Xu Shu , Liu Chen , Wang Hong , Qian Mu jun , Sun Wen feng 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Secure transmission is essential for future non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) system. This paper investigates relay-antenna selection (RAS) to enhance physical-layer security (PLS) of cooperative NOMA system in the presence of an eavesdropper, where multiple antennas are deployed at the relays, the users, and the eavesdropper. In order to reduce expense on radio frequency (RF) chains, selection combining (SC) is employed at both the relays and the users, whilst the eavesdropper employs either maximal-ratio combining (MRC) or selection combining (SC) to process the received signals. Under the condition that the channel state information (CSI) of the eavesdropping channel is available or unavailable, two effective relay-antenna selection schemes are proposed. Additionally, the closed-form expressions of secrecy outage probability (SOP) are derived for the proposed relay-antenna selection schemes. In order to gain more deep insights on the derived results, the asymptotic performance of the derived SOP is analyzed. In simulations, it is demonstrated that the theoretical results match well with the simulation results and the SOP of the proposed schemes is less than that of the conventional orthogonal multiple access (OMA) scheme obviously.
Economic Evaluation of the Climate Changes on Food Security: Application of CGE Model
Authors: Javadi Akram , Ghahremanzadeh Mohammad , Sassi Maria , Javanbakht Ozra , Hayati Boballah 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The present study aims to examine the economic effects of changing climate variables on two elements of food security in Iran, namely availability and access to food. Here, wheat and rice as the two important food products of the country were considered as representative of food security. A CGE model was developed to achieve the goals of the study. In this context, a stochastic model based on Monte Carlo simulation was used to provide the scenarios indicating likely changes in climate variables. The results showed that food supply and consumption of commodities and services has been decreased and food security will face serious challenges. Therefore, due to the negative effect of climate variables change on food security and people's livelihood, there is a need to review the policies in place in the country. Among the effective solutions are research and development to introduce drought-resistant varieties, and adopting appropriate strategies compatible with climate change. Improving farmers' incomes is among the solutions for reducing the effects of climate change.
Evaluation of the relationship between hyperemesis gravidarum with Platelet crit, hemoglobin to red cell distribution width ratio and Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio
Authors: Uçkan Kazım , Başkıran Yusuf , Çeleğen İzzet 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Introduction: This study, it was aimed to investigate the relationship between the severity of hyperemesis gravidarum (HEG) disease and subclinical inflammatory factors such as Platelet crit (PCT), Hemoglobin to red cell distribution width ratio (HRR), Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), which are known to be closely associated with inflammation in patients with hyperemesis gravidarum.Material method: This retrospective case control study was conducted between December 2020 and December 2021. A total of 215 pregnant women, 102 with hyperemesis gravidarum and 113 healthy pregnant women, were included in the study. HEG patients were divided into three groups according to the modified PUQE classification as mild (n=38), moderate (n=32), and severe (n=32).Results: PCT, HRR, and, NLR values were found to be statistically significantly higher in the HEG group compared to the control group (p<0.05). PCT, HRR, and, NLR values increase from mild to severe in HEG patients (p<0.05). There was a positive correlation between HEG and PCT (rho=0.70, p< 0.001), HRR (rho=0.28, p< 0.04), NLR (rho=0.60, p< 0.001) values. Logistic regression analysis revealed that a one-unit increase in PCT, HRR, and NLR resulted in a 2.14, 1.41, and 2.36-fold increase in HEG risk, respectively.Conclusion: PCT, HRR and NLR are inflammatory markers that increase in patients with HEG and have predictive value for the development of HEG. In our study, we suggested the use of a new prognostic marker for patients with HEG. We think that our study will be a source for future studies on HEG.
A fuzzy complex in the negative arm regulates circadian clock robustness.
Authors: Hurley Jennifer , Jankowski Meaghan , Griffith Daniel , Shastry Divya , Pelham Jacqueline , Ginell Garrett , Thomas Joshua , Karande Pankaj , Holehouse Alex 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Organismal physiology is widely regulated by the circadian clock, a molecular circuit composed of a Transcription-Translation Feedback Loop 1,2. Protein components of the molecular clock are enriched in intrinsically disordered regions, inherently flexible regions that interact with other proteins via short linear binding motifs (SLiMs) 3–5. SLiM-driven interactions contribute to circadian timing and the circadian regulation of the cell. However, the mechanism that allows the formation of dynamic clock complexes remains unclear as structural analysis of these protein-protein interactions has been limited due to inherent protein disorder. Here, we apply a synthetic peptide microarray approach to demonstrate that the core clock forms a fuzzy complex to support circadian robustness 6,7. We found positively charged islands on the clock protein FREQUENCY (FRQ) drove a multi-valent interaction between FRQ and its partner FRQ-interacting RNA Helicase (FRH) that enabled clock robustness rather than the previously-reported feedback 8. We found these positively charged islands were a conserved molecular feature throughout clocks in fungi, insects, and mammals, and may enable the formation of fuzzy complexes. This study constitutes the first mechanistic reason for the uniquely-broad conservation of intrinsic disorder in circadian negative-arm proteins and will aid in the development of the molecular model of clock protein interactions. Furthermore, we anticipate the application of synthetic peptide microarrays to study disordered clock proteins and will be useful in characterizing sites of interaction for clock-specific drug discovery 9.
Identification of novel biofilm genes in avian pathogenic Escherichia coli by Tn5 transposon mutant library
Authors: Hu Jiangang , Gu Yi , Lu Huiqi , Raheem Muhammad Akmal , Yu Fangheng , Niu Xiangpeng , Zuo Jiakun , Yin Huifang , Huang Cuiqin , Song Xiangjun , Tu Jian , Zhou Wen , Jiang Wei , Chen Zhaoguo , Han Xiangan , Qi Kezong 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) is the main pathogens that inflict the poultry industry. Biofilm as the pathogenic factors of APEC, which can enhance the anti-host immune system of APEC and improve its survival in the environment. In order to screen new genes related to APEC biofilm. The APEC strain APEC81 was used to construct a mutant library by Tn5 insertion mutagenesis. Moreover the 28 mutant strains with severely weakened biofilm were successfully screened from 1500 mutant strains by crystal violet staining, in which 17 genes were obtained by high-efficiency thermal asymmetric interlaced PCR (HiTAIL-PCR). The reported genes including 3 flagella genes (fliS, fliD, fliR), 4 curli fimbriae genes (csgD, csgA, csgF, csgG) and 3 type 1 fimbriae genes (fimA, fimD, fimC). The novel genes including 3 coenzyme genes (gltA, bglX, mltF) and 4 putative protein genes (yheE, 07045, 11735, 11255). To investigate whether these 17 genes co-regulate the biofilm, the 17 identified genes were deleted on APEC strain APEC81. The result shown that except for the 11735 and 11255 genes, the deletion of 15 genes significantly reduced the biofilm formation ability of APEC81 (P < 0.05). The result of rdar (red, dry and rough) colony morphology showed that curli fimbriae genes (csgD, csgA, csgF, csgG) and other functional genes (fimC, glxK, yehE, 07045, 11255) affected the colony morphology. Particularly, the hypothetical protein YehE had the greatest influence on the biofilm. It was predicted to have the same structure as type 1 fimbria protein. When yehE was deleted, the fimE transcription was up-regulated, fimA and fimB transcription were down-regulated, resulting in a decrease in type 1 fimbriae. Hence the yehE mutant significantly reduced the biofilm and the adhesion and invasion ability to cells (P < 0.05). Altogether, this study had identified 5 novel genes (gltA, bglX, mltF, yheE, 07045) related to biofilm formation and confirmed that yehE affects biofilm formation by type 1 fimbriae, which will benefit for further study mechanism of biofilm regulation in APEC.
Functions and clinical significances of LncRNA SChLAP1 and UBE2E3 in prostate cancer
Authors: Jiang Wei , Xie Ruoyun , Chen Xiaobao , Huang Linjin , Zhou Junkai 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Backgrounds: Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in male with high morbidity and mortality. The long noncoding RNA second chromosome locus associated with prostate-1(SChLAP1) and ubiquitin conjugating enzyme(UBE2E3) have been reported to relate to prostate cancer. SCHLAP1-UBE2E3 was found to be the most frequent gene fusion in Chinese. However, the function and mechanism of SChLAP1-UBE2E3 axis in prostate cancer are not well known. Methods: In this study, we investigated the relationship between SChLAP1 and UBE2E3 expression and development of prostate cancer in Chinese men who have undergone radical resection of prostate cancer. The effects of SChLAP1 and UBE2E3 on proliferation, migration and invasion of prostate cancer cells were respectively explored. Results: We found that SChLAP1 and UBE2E3 were both over expressed in prostate cancer cells and tissues. There was a positive correlation between the expression of UBE2E3 and SCHLAP1. Overexpression of SChLAP1 and UBE2E3 both promoted cell proliferation. migration and invasion and inhibited apoptosis. SChLAP1 and UBE2E3 knocking down just had the opposite effects. Conclusions: Our study proved that SChLAP1 and UBE2E3 influenced the progressive of prostate cancer and provided potential biomarkers or drug targets for prostate cancer.
Functional geometry of auditory cortical resting state networks derived from intracranial electrophysiology
Authors: Banks Matthew , Krause Bryan , Berger D. , Campbell Declan , Boes Aaron , Bruss Joel , Kovach Christopher , Kawasaki Hiroto , Steinschneider Mitchell , Nourski Kirill 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Critical details remain unresolved about the organization of the human auditory cortical hierarchy and its relationship to higher order brain networks. We investigated this organization using diffusion map embedding (DME) applied to resting state intracranial electroencephalography (iEEG) obtained in neurosurgical patients. DME was applied to functional connectivity measured between regions of interest (ROIs). ROIs exhibited a hierarchical organization, symmetric between the two hemispheres and robust to the choice of iEEG frequency band, connectivity metric, and imaging modality. Tight clusters of canonical auditory and prefrontal ROIs were maximally segregated in embedding space. Clusters consistent with ventral and dorsal auditory processing streams were paralleled by a cluster suggestive of a third stream linking auditory and limbic structures. Portions of anterior temporal cortex were characterized as global hubs. This approach lays the foundation for identifying network changes during active speech and language processing and elucidating mechanisms underlying disorders of auditory processing.
The impacts of financial development on environmental quality in China：A panel causality test based on structural shifts
Authors: chen yiguo , Luo Peng , Tong Teng , wang Jing , Chang Tsangyao 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Finance has the potential to regulate modes of production and consumption, and helps China achieve carbon peak and carbon neutralization. This paper uses the Toda–Yamamoto test and the extended Fourier Toda–Yamamoto test to explore the relationship between financial development and environmental quality in 31 provinces and municipalities in China during the period 2000–2018. We find that financial development in certain regions has effectively reduced the concentration of PM2.5, which indicates that it has a significantly positive effect on environmental quality, though with regional differences. After considering structural shifts, the relationship between financial development and environmental improvement is found to be significant in more regions, indicating that China has undergone structural shifts in these aspects. The aforementioned conclusions are also supported by further robustness tests. China can consequently utilise the positive impact of finance for advocating carbon emission reduction and improving environment quality, therefor contributing to the response to global climate change.
Early diversification and karyotype evolution of flowering plants
Authors: Sun Pengchuan , Yang Yongzhi , Liu Liang , Xi Zhenxiang , Lin Hao , Feng Landi , Ma Jianxiang , Hu Hongyin , Bi Guiqi , Jiao BeiBei , Wang Shang , Yang Jiao , Mu Wenjie , Zhu Mingjia , Wang Xiyin , Wang Zhenyue , Davis Charles , Liu Jianquan 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Flowering plants (angiosperms) dominate our planet and sustain all life on Earth. However, evolutionary relationships among the angiosperm lineages that diverged early – Amborellales, Nymphaeales, Austrobaileyales and Mesangiospermae, which further comprises monocots and other four clades – have remained highly disputed likely because of their rapid diversification promoted by an ancestral polyploidization event. Here, we present high-quality chromosomal-level genome assemblies of two species – star anise (Illicium verum: 12.5 Gb with a large size) in the Austrobaileyales and calamus (Acorus gramineus) representing the sister lineage to all other extant monocots. These two genomes filled the final gaps of all genomic representatives for major angiosperm lineages. Our phylogenetic analyses of collinear genes support Amborellales and Nymphaeales as sister lineages and they, together with Austrobaileyales and monocots are successively sister to other Mesangiospermae clades. Based on chromosome-like synteny blocks shared between extant genomes, we constructed the ancestral angiosperm karyotype to be x=16. We independently established evolutionary relationships for all sampled species based on shared polyploidizations and chromosomal fusions from the common ancestral karyotype. This phylogenetic relationship is congruent with that from collinear genes, especially the finding that Amborellales and Nymphaeales shared a rare chromosomal fusion not seen in other angiosperms. These results advance our understanding and shed new lights on early diversification and karyotype evolution of flowering plants.
Artificial intelligence for public health: Priorities for successful use by public health organizations
Authors: Fisher Stacey , Rosella Laura C 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to improve public health surveillance, health promotion, and population health management through improved targeting of interventions and policy to populations that are most in need, known as precision public health. To successfully realize this potential and use AI for public health functions it is important for public health organizations to thoughtfully develop strategies for AI implementation. Five key priorities for successful use of AI technologies by public health organizations are discussed in this commentary: 1) Contemporary data governance; 2) Investment in modernized data and analytic infrastructure and procedures; 3) Addressing the skills gap; 4) Development of strategic collaborative partnerships, and; 5) Use of AI best practices including explicit consideration of equity.