bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Пресса заключенных в годы социалистического наступления: газета «К трудовому общежитию», 1928 – 1934 гг.
Authors: Погорелов Михаил 
Published: April 2022

L’article est consacré à la presse carcérale soviétique et à sa transformation après le Grand Tournant stalinien de 1928 à 1934. L’auteur examine K trudovomu obščežitiju [À la communauté laborieuse], un journal pénitentiaire central du NKVD (1928-1930), puis du NKIU RSFSR (1931-1934), afin de montrer le passage du paradigme réformiste et pédagogique antérieur au discours de la refonte (perekovka), qui considérait les détenus exclusivement du point de vue de leur productivité au travail. La presse carcérale s’est développée dans les années 1920 dans le cadre de la première réforme pénitentiaire soviétique visant à réhabiliter les délinquants et à maintenir leur socialité. L’administration pénitentiaire du NKVD encourageait l’autocritique (samokritika) des détenus qui pouvaient ainsi condamner l’arbitraire des autorités locales et les violations de leurs droits. Au début des années 1930, les fonctions des journaux ont radicalement changé. En prenant le contrôle de la presse carcérale dans toute la RSFSR, K trudovomu obščežitiju a imposé la censure et un agenda unifié. Dès lors, le journal est devenu le centre de la propagande et des campagnes de mobilisation de masse des prisonniers.
I malati invisibili della povertà: troppi alberi per accorgersi della foresta? Le politiche sanitarie internazionali per il contrasto delle malattie neglette e della povertà (Neglected Tropical Diseases)*
Authors: Mancini Elena 
Published: April 2022

Le malattie, soprattutto se infettive, hanno da sempre accompagnato la storia dell’umanità, modificando profondamente gli assetti economici e condizionando le strutture sociali e l’evoluzione culturale di intere popolazioni. Tutto questo è ancora vero per un miliardo e mezzo di persone colpite da malattie che l’occidente ha oramai dimenticato e che sono endemiche nelle aree tropicali del pianeta (Neglected Tropical Diseases – NTDs). Enormemente favorite dalla povertà, esse sono a loro volta una delle principali cause di povertà e uno dei più insidiosi ostacoli allo sviluppo di estese aree geografiche dell’Asia, dell’Africa e dell’America Latina. Occorre combattere la povertà per ridurre le malattie, ma occorre anche eliminare le malattie per sollevare dalla povertà e favorire lo sviluppo. Contrastare le NTDs significa tuttavia affrontare contesti caratterizzati oltre che dalla povertà, da equilibri sociali precari, da drammatiche condizioni igienico-sanitarie, dall’assenza o inadeguatezza delle infrastrutture e dei sistemi sanitari, da varie forme di discriminazione ed esclusione sociale dei malati: fattori questi che ostacolano qualsiasi azione a partire dalla stessa raccolta e verifica dei dati epidemiologici. Sono qui esaminate alcune strategie di intervento ispirate all’approccio community-driven, diretto al coinvolgimento delle comunità locali nell’integrazione e gestione delle misure di contrasto. È analizzato inoltre il ruolo degli operatori sanitari informali (Community Health Workers) nella diffusione di comportamenti, informazioni e strumenti di profilassi e nella valorizzazione di pratiche locali marginali che tuttavia si siano dimostrate efficaci nel contrasto o prevenzione di una o più NTDs (devianza positiva). Una riflessione conclusiva è dedicata alla formazione dei CHWs ai fini dell’educazione sanitaria di comunità.
* Questa pubblicazione si inserisce nell’ambito delle attività del progetto “Centro per la ricerca sulle malattie rare neglette e della povertà”, finanziato dal Consorzio CNCCS.
Association of Vitamin D Deficiency with Psoriasis and Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Patil Aishwarya , Deo Kirti , Kalyan Dalave , Deora M S , Sharma Yugal , Deoghare Shreya 
Published: April 2022

Background:
Substantial evidence suggests a higher risk of metabolic syndrome as a result of persistent inflammation in patients with psoriasis. Psoriasis may also be associated with vitamin D deficiency.

Aim:
To correlate vitamin D deficiency with psoriasis and metabolic syndrome.

Materials and Methods:
Serum vitamin D levels were quantified, and metabolic syndrome was assessed in 42 cases whose psoriasis severity had been measured by PASI and in an equal number of age/gender-matched controls. The resultant data were analyzed statistically. The odds ratio was calculated wherever applicable and a two-tailed P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:
Vitamin D deficiency (<20 ng/ml) occurred in 43 subjects [(51.19%); 26 (62%), patients and 17 (40.4%), controls] and was statistically significant in patients (OR: 2.39, P = 0.044) though lacking correlation with disease severity. Metabolic syndrome seen in 25 (30%) subjects—15 (36%) patients and 10 (24%) controls—emerged to be significant (OR: 3.71, P = 0.047) in cases with vitamin D deficiency. Hypertension—observed in 31 (37%) subjects; 18 (43%) cases, 9 each (21.4%) with/without metabolic syndrome and 13 (31%) controls, 7 (16.6%) with and 6 (14.3%) without metabolic syndrome (P = 0.25)—correlated independently with vitamin D deficiency in patients (P = 0.009).

Conclusions:
Despite limitations of small sample size and observational nature, our study—probably the first such hereto from India—showed statistically significant associations between vitamin D deficiency, metabolic syndrome, and hypertension in patients with psoriasis. Future larger studies are needed for strengthening this evidence prior to the recommendation of its clinical application in the optimum management of patients.
Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria
Authors: Maheshwari Apoorva , Garg Taru , Chander Ram , Debnath Ekta 
Published: April 2022

Importance:
Exact etiopathogenesis of chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) remains elusive. Infections, pseudoallergens, autoimmunity, and contact sensitization are various postulated factors. Few studies are available measuring cytokine levels in CSU.

Objectives:
The aim was to study various etiological factors of CSU and levels of IL-6 and IFN-υ in cases and controls, and correlation between various etiologies with the levels of the abovementioned interleukins in the cases.

Design:
Case-control study performed over 2 years with no follow-up of the participants.

Setting:
It was a referral-center-based study.

Participants:
Sixty patients of CSU and equal age and sex-matched healthy controls were recruited on the basis of convenience sampling.

Exposures:
Biochemical and hematological investigations with hepatitis serology, thyroid function tests, anti-thyroid antibodies, and levels IL-6 and IFN-υ were performed in all cases and controls. All cases were subjected to ASST. Cases with all above negative tests were patch-tested with Indian standard series. Urticaria activity score (UAS7) was calculated for all the cases and repeated in patients with positive etiological factor after 3 weeks (improvement after allergen or drug avoidance, treatment of infection).

Outcomes:
To study the various etiological factors (food, infection, autoimmunity, autoreactivity, and contact sensitization) and the levels of IL-6 and IFN- γ in patients of chronic spontaneous urticaria.

Results:
Etiology was ascertained in 75% of patients (autoimmunity: 50%, contact sensitization: 21.67%, food and drug allergy: 1.67% each). Mean values of the interleukins and anti-thyroid antibodies were significantly higher in cases versus controls. Levels of IFN-υ were significantly elevated in patients with higher UAS7 scores.

Conclusion:
Antithyroid antibodies, ASST, and patch testing are important tools and should be considered in patients of CSU after a thorough history and history-based workup. Elevated levels of IL-6 and IFN- υ in cases suggest that both Th1 and Th2 type of immune responses are implicated in pathogenesis of CSU.
A double-blind prospective randomised controlled clinical study comparing 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine with nalbuphine and 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine for spinal anaesthesia in lower limb orthopaedic surgeries
Authors: Divya Pathapati , Anand Rajan , Bagchi Debadas 
Published: April 2022

Background:
Intrathecal nalbuphine is one such opioid, highly lipid soluble with an agonist action at the kappa and antagonist activity at the muopioid receptors, known cardiovascular stability, minimal dose and volume of this drug that can be added to a local anaesthetic agent.

Methods:
This prospective randomised double-blind study was conducted to evaluate the effects of adding nalbuphine to 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine in spinal anaesthesia to know the efficacy, duration of analgesia, incidence of side effects and complications. Sixty American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) grade I and II patients were randomly allocated to Group A and Group B of 30 each who received 0.4 mL (0.4 mg) of nalbuphine and 0.4 mL of normal saline added to 3 mL (15 mg) of 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine, respectively. Intraoperative haemodynamic parameters, onset, duration of sensory and motor block, visual analogue scale (VAS) score, duration of effective analgesia and possible side effects were monitored and compared.

Results:
There was no statistically significant difference in the haemodynamic parameters, onset of blockade, duration of motor blockade and side effects. However, in two-segment regression, time of sensory blockade, duration of effective analgesia and VAS scores in Group A were found statistically significantly higher (P < 0.001) compared to Group B.

Conclusions:
Intrathecal nalbuphine used as adjuvant to bupivacaine prolongs duration of effective analgesia, without any significant side effects with stable haemodynamic parameters.
Spectrum and outcome in patients with unilateral pleural effusion admitted in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Saini Neeraj , Ahluwalia Saumya , Ahluwalia Srishti , Selhi Pavneet Kaur , Singh Akashdeep 
Published: April 2022

Background:
Unilateral pleural effusion is a challenge for a physician as the differential diagnosis is varied; sparse epidemiological data are available from India on this subject.

Methods:
We prospectively studied consecutive adult patients (aged >18 years) presenting with unilateral pleural effusion who underwent thoracocentesis with or without radiological guidance for diagnostic workup.

Results:
Over a period of 1 year, 116 patients admitted with unilateral pleural effusion were included, majority (63.8%) were in the age group of 20–60 years. Most common presenting symptoms were shortness of breath (56%), fever (53.4%), cough (52.5%), chest pain (35.3%), anorexia (34.5%) and weight loss (18.9%). Ninety-nine patients (85.3%) had exudative and 17 patients (14.6%) had transudative pleural effusion. Amongst exudative, tuberculosis (TB) pleural effusion was the most common cause (45.7%) followed by para-pneumonic (12.9%), malignant (10.3%), among others. TB (44.8%) and malignancy (10.3%) were common aetiologies among the lymphocyte-predominant effusions, whereas para-pneumonic effusion (11.2%) and empyema (4.3%) were common aetiologies amongst the neutrophil-predominant effusions. Pleural fluid lymphocyte-to-neutrophil ratio >0.75 increased the sensitivity and specificity to diagnose TB pleural effusion.

Conclusions:
Patients with TB pleural effusion were comparatively younger as compared to patients with malignant and para-pneumonic pleural effusion. Most pleural effusions resolved with treatment of underlying cause.
O COTIDIANO COMO DIMENSÃO CIENTÍFICO-DIDÁTICA DA GEOGRAFIA NO PROJETO DA ESCOLA
Authors: Andreis Adriana Maria 
Published: April 2022

O cotidiano é comumente referido para legitimar processos educacionais, especialmente aqueles relacionados às aprendizagens. Trazemos à reflexão esse argumento, pesquisando o tratamento atribuído ao cotidiano por escolas de Ensino Médio, localizadas no campo e na cidade. Amparados na Geografia e na Educação estudamos, por meio da metodologia de Análise de Conteúdo, a expressão do cotidiano nos projetos político- pedagógicos (PPPs) elaborados pelas escolas que adotam modalidades de Educação do Campo e de Ensino Médio Inovador. Nesse percurso investigativo, arguimos o cotidiano como dimensão geográfica, a singularidade e o contexto das escolas e de seus projetos. Estudando as referências diretas ao cotidiano, e as indiretas, por meio das noções de “trabalho”, “comunidade”, “realidade”, “lugar”, “vida” e “local”, a pesquisa indica que o cotidiano apreende uma sustentação científica e didática pelo viés geográfico, e que precisa ser fortalecida na formação inicial e continuada de professores de Geografia.PALAVRAS-CHAVEGeografia e Educação, Arquitetônica espaço-temporal, Lugar e território, Projeto Político Pedagógico.EL COTIDIANO COMO DIMENSIÓN CIENTÍFICO-DIDÁCTICA DE LA GEOGRAFÍA EN EL PROYECTO DE LA ESCUELAABSTRACTEl cotidiano es comúnmente referido para legitimar procesos educativos, especialmente aquellos relacionados a los aprendizajes. Traemos a la reflexión ese argumento, investigando el tratamiento atribuido al cotidiano por escuelas de Enseñanza Media, localizadas en el campo y en la ciudad. A atraves de la metodología de Análisis de Contenidos, estudiamos la expresión de lo cotidiano en los proyectos político-pedagógicos (PPPs) elaborados por las escuelas que adoptan modalidades de Educación del Campo y de Enseñanza Media Innovadora. En ese recorrido investigativo, discutimos lo cotidiano como dimensíón geográfica, la singularidad y el contexto de las escuelas y de sus proyectos. En el estudio de las referencias directas a lo cotidiano, y las indirectas, por medio de las nociones de "trabajo", "comunidad", "realidad", "lugar", "vida" y "local", la investigación indica que el cotidiano aprehende una sustentación científica y didáctica por la perspectiva geográfica, y que necesita ser fortalecida en la formación inicial y continuada de profesores de Geografía.KEYWORDSGeografía y Educación, Arquitectónica espacio-temporal, Lugar y territorio, Proyecto Político Pedagógico.ISSN: 2236-3904REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE EDUCAÇÃO EM GEOGRAFIA - RBEGwww.revistaedugeo.com.br - revistaedugeo@revistaedugeo.com.br
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN MEDIA LIPA SA’BE MANDAR BERBASIS DIGITAL TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA SISWA
Authors: Reskiah Reskiah , Kadir Abd , Adam Muhammad 
Published: April 2022

Tujuan Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh penggunaan Media Lipa Sa’be Mandar Berbasis Digital terhadap hasil belajar matematika siswa. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah matode eksperimen dan desain yang digunakan adalah Quasi Eksperimen Nonequivalent Control Group Design. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas VIII SMPN Satap Piriang. Teknik analisis data yang dilakukan yaitu menggunakan teknik analisis statistik deskriptif, uji prasyarat yaitu uji normalitas dan uji homogenitas kemudian uji hipotesis menggunakan uji t-test. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SMPN Satap Piriang pada kelas VIII semester genap tahun ajaran 2020/2021.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hasil belajar siswa yang diperoleh dari post-test pada kelas eksperimen atau dengan menggunakan strategi student team heroic leadership adalah 72,865, dan kelas kontrol 63,296. Adapun hasil perhitungan hipotesis didapatkan nilai thitung = 3,506 kemudian nilai tersebut dibandingan dengan nilai ttabel = 1,675. Sehingga hal ini menunjukkan bahwa thitung> ttabel, sehingga H0 ditolak dan H1 diterima. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa pembelajaran dengan media lipa sa’be mandar berbasis digital berpengaruh positif terhadap hasil belajar matematika siswa.
SEQUESTRO DE CARBONO DE UM LATOSSOLO CAULINÍTICO SOB CULTIVO DE LINHAÇA EM MANEJO CONSERVACIONISTA
Authors: Castro Xavier Galego Joyce , Costa Ferreira Rafael , Eloize Carducci Carla 
Published: April 2022

A agricultura que emprega práticas de conservação do solo promove serviços ecossistêmicos como a mitigação dos gases de efeito estufa. O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar o sequestro de carbono de um Latossolo Vermelho Distroférrico sob sistema de manejo conservacionista para a produção de linhaça ao longo de três anos de cultivo. O experimento foi desenvolvido durante três anos em sistema conservacionista de manejo para produção de três variedades de linhaça marrom: Caburé, Aguará e UFSC cultivados em Latossolo Vermelho Distroférrico caulinítico. Foram coletadas amostras preservadas e deformadas em duas camadas constratantes: 0-0,15 e 0,15-0,30 m. Determinou-se a densidade global do solo, o carbono orgânico total, os estoques e o sequestro de CO2 -IPCC. Os dados foram submetidos a análise de variância e ao teste de Tukey (p<0,05). O manejo utilizado contribuiu com o estoque de carbono no solo, independente da variedade utilizada, em média, estocou-se 27 Mg C ha-1 na camada de 0-0,15m e 29,8 Mg C ha-1 a 0,15-0,30 m de profundidade, além de mitigar em média 10,48 Mg CO2 eq ha-1 em apenas três anos de cultivo, o que torna esse sistema de manejo ambientalmente sustentável com produções equivalente as obtidas no Sul do Brasil (0,71 Mg ha-1).
Anatomy and Morphology of Select Red Maple Cultivars
Authors: Sibley Jeff L. , Eakes D. Joseph , Gilliam Charles H. , Keever Gary J. , Dozier William A. , Peterson Curt M. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis study was conducted to compare and define foliage features of select red maple and red maple hybrid cultivars under similar environmental conditions. Nine red maple (Acer rubrum) cultivars, three Freeman maple (Acerxfreemanii) cultivars, and a red maple seedling selection were evaluated in a field study for differences in average leaf area, petiole length, stomatal density, foliar nitrogen (N) content, and chlorophyll content. Leaves of the threeA.xfreemaniicultivars were the largest. Leaves ofA. rubrum‘Autumn Flame’ were the smallest. ‘Autumn Blaze’ had the highest stomatal density. Leaf photographs of each cultivar are included.
Comparison of Alternative Maintenance Treatments for an Electric Transmission Right-Of-Way on Steep Mountainous Terrain
Authors: Porteck Kevin G. , Miller Ansel E. , Ham Donald L. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractA study has been initiated to evaluate some alternative vegetation management techniques on an electrical transmission right-of-way in the Blue Ridge Mountains of North Carolina. Three years after right-of-way clearing, fourtreatments and a control were blocked on south-facing slopes at three locations. The treatments consisted of 1) clearcutting by chainsaw, 2) a selective low-volume basal application of herbicide to tall-growing species, 3) clearcutting followed by a selective application of a tree growth regulator to cut stumps, and 4) clearcutting followed by a nonselective application of a tree growth regulator to cut stumps. After two growing seasons, mean tree heights for the chainsaw clearing and selective herbicide treatments were not significantly different from the untreated control. Treatments consisting of chainsaw clearing followed by application of a growth regulator provided the lowest mean tree height. However, areas treated with a growth regulator exhibited the largest increase of undesirable tall-growing tree seedlings. The chainsaw cutting treatment resulted in the greatest mean height for those species considered to be undesirable components of a right-of-way plant community, and yielded the largest number of sprouting stumps with the highest average number of sprouts per stump. Although the long-term treatment effects cannot clearly be determined after two growing seasons, the selective low-volume basal herbicide method has produced a tendency toward increasing the relative dominance of desirable species within the right-of-way
Effects of Cupric Hydroxide-Treated Containers on Growth of Four Southwestern Desert Landscape Trees
Authors: Martin Chris A. , Bhattacharya Sheila 
Published: April 2022

AbstractSeedling liners of four southwestern desert landscape trees,Acacia smallii,Acacia stenophylla,Cercidium praecox, andProsopis chilensis, were potted into black polyethylene containers either painted on the inner wall with a latex paint containing cupric hydroxide [Cu(OH)2] or unpainted. Tree seedlings were then grown for five months in an outdoor container production nursery and evaluated for effects of Cu(OH)2-treated containers on tree growth. No foliar copper toxicity symptoms were observed on any species during the study. In comparison with unpainted containers, Cu-treated containers increased root branching frequency, reduced shoot extension, and lowered the number of primary shoot lateral branches of sweet acacia and shoestring acacia. Cu-treated containers also decreased height of shoestring acacia. Chilean mesquite grew taller and larger with increased shoot and root dry weights in Cu-treated containers in comparison with those in unpainted containers. However, effects of Cu-treated containers on growth of Chilean mesquite were not related to any changes in root branching frequency. Growth of palo brea and root-to-shoot ratios of all four tree species were not affected by Cu-treated containers.
Effect of Backfill Amendment on Growth of Red Maple
Authors: Smalley Timothy J. , Wood Carleton B. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBalled-and-burlapped red maple (Acer rubrum) trees were planted in holes backfilled with 1) native soil, 2) 50:50 (v/v) aged pine bark: soil, 3) 50:50 (v/v) Mr. Natural Concentrated Landscape Media (CLM): soil, and 4) 100% CLM. The CLM is an improved, proprietary soil amendment composed of top soil, pine humus, granite sand, crushed granite, expanded shale, and composted poultry litter. The CLM: soil treatment increased fibrous root growth within the planting hole after five months but did not increase shoot growth. Aged pine bark induced nitrogen deficiency symptoms and reduced shoot growth during the first year. Shoot growth of the treatments did not differ after two years. The data support use of native soil in backfilling planting holes.
Managed Development of Tree Roots. II. Ultra-Deep Rootball and Root Barrier Effects on Southwestern Black Cherry
Authors: Barker Philip A. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThree-year-old seedlings of southwestern black cherry (Prunus serotina subsp.virensvar.virenswith rootballs 35 and 70 cm deep were field planted in northern California in April 1986 to compare the effects on root development of rootballs of two depths and a root barrier, which was a polyethylene casing around the rootballs of half of the trees of each treatment. Three growing seasons later, the roots were excavated to a depth of 32 cm in an area within a radius of 1 m from the tree trunks and dry weights of the exposed roots of each tree determined. There was no significant difference in root dry weights between the two rootball types. The casing, on the other hand, significantly reduced root dry weights for each rootball type.