bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of CT and MRI Imaging Results of Radicular Cysts, Odontogenic
Keratocysts, and Dentigerous Cysts and their Contribution to the
Differential Diagnosis
Authors: Berberoğlu Hülya Koçak , Yalçin Başak Keskin , Aralaşmak Ayşe , Köseoğlu Banu Gürkan , Çakarer Sirmahan , Tekkesin Merva Soluk , Çarpar Eser , Kula Ozlem 
Published: May 2022

Aim:
This study aimed to evaluate the contribution of the MRI and CT results to the differential
diagnosis of histopathologically different odontogenic cysts.

Background:
Odontogenic cysts are commonly seen in the jaw bone and their surgical operations have
an important place in the practice of maxillofacial surgery; treatment options for these cysts differ according
to their histopathology. Differential results that can be obtained from the radiological evaluations
of different cyst groups will allow the surgeon to plan a more accurate approach at the beginning
of the operation. In this study, computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
results of different cyst groups were interpreted together with their histopathological diagnosis.

Method:
CT and MRI results of 17 patients aged between 19-61 were evaluated, whose histopathological
diagnosis consisted of 3 radicular cysts (RC), a total of 9 odontogenic keratocysts (OKC) of which 4
were inflamed, and a total of 5 dentigerous cysts (DC) of which one of them was inflammatory.

Result:
In the CT scan, all cysts showed lytic, a sclerotic surrounding, and showed MRI peripheral
enhancement, whereas solid nodular enhancement was only observed in OKCs. Edema and/or air in the
surrounding bone medulla was observed in the infected lesions. OKC was heterogeneous, whereas RC
and DC were more homogeneous. Diffusion restriction was observed to be frequent in OKCs. The
OKCs were ellipsoidal in appearance and were located parallel to the long axis of the bone, and their
dimensions were observed to be larger than the other cysts. OKCs may be accompanied by unerupted
teeth. Radicular cysts were located perpendicular to the long axis of the bone and were globular in appearance,
and their dimensions were smaller and more homogeneous compared to the OKCs. Dentigerous
cysts are also accompanied by an unerupted tooth, and their peripheral enhancement is minimal and
homogeneous. However, dentigerous cysts can be dense in content and smaller in size, and ellipsoidal
localization is more common than OKCs.

Conclusion:
In addition to classic panoramic radiography in the evaluation and differential diagnosis of
maxillary and mandibular lesions, CT and MRI evaluations can provide helpful information to the surgeon
and pathologist in making the diagnosis and may further help plan the operation.
Comparison of Chest CT and RT-PCR Assay for Indication of Disease
Course of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pneumonia
Authors: Zhang Yi-fan , Zhao Qiong 
Published: May 2022

Background:
COVID-19 patients' courses vary in length, indicating a variable prognosis.
The disease duration revealed by different examination methods may differ.

Objective:
The study aims to compare the differences in the disease course of patients with COVID-19
by chest computed tomography (CT) and reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)
assay and explore the factors that affect the course of the illness.

Methods:
106 patients confirmed with COVID-19 were enrolled and divided into two groups (age <60
years and age ≥60 years). The clinical characteristics of the two groups were analyzed. The intervals
from symptoms onset to initial positive time point (ISIP), symptoms onset to the initial negative time
point (ISIN), and initial positive to initial negative time point (IIPN) indicated by chest CT and RTPCR
assay were analyzed. Multiple regression analysis was performed to assess the correlations between
independent factors and the intervals.

Results:
Chest CT showed an earlier positive time point, a later negative time point, and a longer disease
duration than the RT-PCR assay (P<.001, respectively). Older patients over 60 years old showed a
later negative time point and a longer disease duration by chest CT than younger patients (P<.01 vs.
P<.05, respectively). The CT score and clinical grades of older patients were greater than those of
younger patients (P<.001, respectively). Age and clinical grades were significantly correlated with the
disease course shown by chest CT (P<.05, respectively), and CT score was positively correlated with
the illness course shown by chest CT and RT-PCR assay (P<.01, respectively).

Conclusion:
The disease course revealed by chest CT and RT-PCR assay was asynchronous. Chest CT
showed a 17-day longer period compared to the RT-PCR assay. Older patients had a longer duration
than younger ones. A prolonged course is predicted by increasing age, CT score, and clinical grades.
Application of Contrast-enhanced Ultrasound and Bosniak Classification
to the Diagnosis of Cystic Renal Masses
Authors: Yuan Xin-Chun , Huang Mei-Feng , Zhang Zhi , Xia Qing-Qing , Zhou Xi-Ling , Zhou Zhi-Yu 
Published: May 2022

Background:
The Bosniak classification system based on contrast-enhanced computed tomography
(CECT) is commonly used for the differential diagnosis of cystic renal masses. Contrastenhanced
ultrasound (CEUS) is a relatively novel technique, which has gradually played an important
role in the diagnosis of cystic renal cell carcinoma (CRCC) due to its safety and lowest price.

Objective:
The aim of the study is to investigate the application value of CEUS and Bosniak classification
into the diagnosis of cystic renal masses.

Method:
32 cystic masses from January 2018 to December 2019 were selected. The images of conventional
ultrasound (US), CEUS and CECT from subjects confirmed by surgical pathology were retrospectively
analyzed. The Bosniak classification system of cystic renal masses was implemented using
CEUS and CECT, and the diagnostic ability was compared.

Results:
For the 32 cystic masses, postoperative pathology confirmed 11 cases of multilocular CRCC,
15 cases of clear cell carcinoma with hemorrhage, necrosis and cystic degeneration, 5 cases of renal
cysts, and 1 case of renal tuberculosis. The Bosniak classification based on CEUS was higher than that
based on CECT, and the difference was statistically significant (P = .024). The sensitivity, specificity,
positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy of CEUS were comparable to CECT.
There was no significant difference observed in the diagnosis of CRCC (P >.05).

Conclusion:
CEUS combined with Bosniak classification greatly improves the diagnosis of CRCC.
CEUS shows a comparable diagnostic ability to CECT. In daily clinical routine, patients who require
multiple examinations and present contraindications for CECT can particularly benefit from CEUS.
Evaluation of Antioxidant, Mutagenicity, and Anti-mutagenicity Potential
of Astragalus gossypinus Fisch. Extracts
Authors: Ghasemian-Yadegari Javad , Mirzania Foroogh , Fard Ardali Javad Khalili , Nikbakht Mohammad Reza , Rashidipour Marzieh , Nouraie Hamze , Sikevandi Sepideh Jamshidi , Rad Mohammad Taghavi 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Astragalus gossypinus Fisch. is one of the Astragalus (Leguminosae)
species that has been used in traditional medicine due to its phenomenal pharmacological and biological
activities.

Objective:
In this research, the mutagenicity, anti-mutagenicity, and antioxidant potential of two
different extracts of root (chloroform and ethyl acetate) and chloroform extract of aerial parts of
Astragalus gossypinus were investigated.

Methods:
Antioxidant property was expressed as the ability of each extract to scavenge the free
radicals like DPPH (2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) and mutagenicity and anti-mutagenicity were
evaluated with the Ames test using Salmonella typhimurium strain TA100.

Results:
All extracts exhibited antioxidant capacity. Among them, the ethyl acetate extract of the
root (IC50 = 289.29 μg/mL) was reported to be the best one, followed by the chloroform extract of
the root (IC50 = 327.2 μg/mL), probably due to a higher percentage of phenolic and flavonoid
compounds in these extracts. Chloroform extract of the root had the strongest anti-mutagenicity on
S. typhimurium strain TA100, with a potential anti-mutagenic index ranging from
90.4867±5.84227 % to 50.2950±1.37308 %. Moreover, all tested extracts have neither direct nor
indirect exerted mutagenic activity against this special strain of S. typhimurium. In the present
research, saponins, flavonoids, and phenolic compounds are proposed to be antioxidant and antimutagenic
agents in all extracts.

Conclusion:
The results of this study showed that the potent antioxidant and anti-mutagenic activity
of A. gossypinus make it possible to use it as a natural antioxidant or bio-preservative in various
medicinal formulations and cancer prevention.
Sagacious Perceptive on Marburg Virus Foregrounding the Recent Findings:
A Critical Review
Authors: Baby Bilha , Rajendran Rajalakshmi , Nair Manju M. , Raghavan Roshni P. 
Published: May 2022

ABSTRACT:
Infectious diseases are defined as a group of diseases caused by any infecting microorganism which are highly potent to severely affect human life. The end can be varying from critical infection to mortality. Most of the infectious diseases are reported with a rapid rate of transmission. Marburg virus disease is a kind of infectious viral disease usually manifested as haemorrhagic fever. The latest reported case of Marburg virus disease confirmed by WHO was on 6th august 2021 in the south-western province of Guinea. Marburg virus disease exhibit similar manifestations to that of infection with Ebola virus. Though not widely spread to emerge as a pandemic, Marburg virus disease remains a serious threat to human life. This review emphasis on the novel current facts determined through various studies related to Marburg virus infection. From these promising theories, review tries to put forward the importance of various study conclusions which are likely to provide major impact on health sector in near future.
Evaluation of the Relationship between Aromatase/Sirtuin1 Interaction
and miRNA Expression in Human Neuroblastoma Cells
Authors: Budak Murat Timur , Kartal Yasemin , Tokat Unal Metin , Kelicen-Ugur Pelin , Yılmaz Serkan , Karahan Sevilay 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Changes in activation/inhibition of Sirtuin-1 (SIRT1) and aromatase play an
important role in a plethora of diseases. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) modulate multiple molecular pathways
and affect a substantial number of physiological and pathological processes.

Objective:
The aim of this study was to investigate any possible interaction between aromatase and
SIRT1 in SH-SY5Y cells and to see how there is a connection between this interaction and miRNA expression,
if there is an interaction.

Methods:
In this study, cells were incubated in serum-deprived media for 6, 12, and 24 h. Aromatase
and SIRT1 expressions were evaluated by Western blot. The IC50 concentration of SIRT1 activator
(SRT1720), SIRT1 inhibitor (EX527), and aromatase inhibitors (letrozole and fadrozole) was determined
by the XTT method. Then, CYP19A1 and SIRT1 levels were evaluated in the presence of SIRT1
siRNA or IC50 values for each activator/inhibitor. Finally, CYP19A1, SIRT1 expression and miRNA target
gene were assessed with bioinformatic approaches.

Results:
Aromatase and SIRT1 protein levels were significantly elevated in the cells incubated at 24 h
in serum-deprived media (p ≤ 0.05). SIRT1 also positively regulated CYP19A1 in SH-SY5Y cells in
media with/without FBS. Serum deprivation depending on time course caused changes in the oxidant/
antioxidant system. While oxidative stress index tended to decrease in the absence of FBS at 24 h
compared to the control, it showed a significant decrease at 48 h in a serum-deprived manner (p ≤
0.001). As a result of bioinformatics analysis, we determined 3 miRNAs that could potentially regulate
SIRT1 and CYP19A1. hsa-miR-27a-3p and hsa-miR-181a-5p correlated in terms of their expressions at
24 h compared to 12 h, and there was a significant decrease in the expression of these miRNAs. On the
contrary, the expression of hsa-miR-30c-5p significantly increased at 24 h compared to 12 h.

Conclusion:
Considering the results, a direct link between aromatase and SIRT1 was observed in human
neuroblastoma cells. The identification of key miRNAs, hsa-miR-27a-3p, hsa-miR-30c-5p, and
hsa-miR-181a-5p targeting both aromatase and SIRT1, provides an approach with novel insights on
neurology-associated diseases.
Updates in the Analytical Isolation of Indian Propolis Chemical Constituents and Their Role in Dental Pharmacology - A Review
Authors: Godhi Brinda Suhas , Beeraka Narasimha M. , Buddi Jai Shankar H. Putta , Mahadevaiah Sumana , Madhunapantula SubbaRao V. 
Published: May 2022

Background:Natural products are rapidly gaining popularity in the medical sector for curing several diseases. The biomedical application of natural products in treating a wide range of systemic diseases, including oral diseases, has been reported. Previous studies delineated the importance of propolis of foreign origin as a significant pharmacological agent as antimicrobial, antifungal, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory. For instance, prominent clinical reports concluded an enhanced quality of life with the use of propolis in cancer patients with mucositis, whereas an adverse effect was invoked after radiotherapy or chemotherapy. These reports delineated its efficacy as a safe and therapeutic natural product modality in cancer patients to prevent mucositis. However, there are no reports to delineate whether the isolated chemical extracts or constitutions of Indian propolis can exhibit disease curing efficacy against several systemic and oral microbial diseases.Objective:The current review emphasized the origin, and properties of Indian propolis and the diverse bio-pharmacological applications of its different solvent extracts.Material and Methods:Studies on Indian propolis, its “phyto-constituents,” “pharmacology,” in vitro activity on “oral pathogens”, and its application in dentistry searches were performed in PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Library databases up to December 2020.Results:The search identified 72 records; 21 full-text articles which met the eligibility criteria were assessed and studied.Conclusion:The antimicrobial efficacy of this “nontoxic” resinous material in various bio dental pharmacologies with recent clinical and preclinical reports was delineated, which benefits medical doctors, dentists, and researchers to execute further research.
The Computational Analysis of Single Nucleotide Associated with MicroRNA
Affecting Hepatitis B Infection
Authors: Nazarnezhad Mirza Ali , Barazesh Mahdi , Kavousipour Soudabeh , Mohammadi Shiva , Eftekhar Ebrahim , Jalili Sajad 
Published: May 2022

Background:
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have a pivotal role in Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infection
and its complications by targeting the cellular transcription factors required for gene expression
or directly binding to HBV transcripts. Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) in miRNA
genes affect their expression and the regulation of target genes, clinical course, diagnosis, and therapeutic
interventions of HBV infection.

Methods:
Computational assessment and cataloging of miRNA gene polymorphisms targeting
mRNA transcripts straightly or indirectly through the regulation of hepatitis B infection by annotating
the functional impact of SNPs on mRNA-miRNA and miRNA-RBS (miRNA binding sites) interaction
were screened by applying various universally available datasets such as the miRNA
SNP3.0 software.

Results:
2987 SNPs were detected in 139 miRNAs affecting hepatitis B infection. Among them,
313 SNPs were predicted to have a significant role in the progression of hepatitis B infection. The
computational analysis also revealed that 45 out of the 313 SNPs were located in the seed region
and were more important than others. Has-miR-139-3p had the largest number of SNPs in the seed
region (n=6). On the other hand, proteoglycans in cancer, adherens junction, lysine degradation, NFkappa
B signaling cascade, ECM-receptor binding, viral carcinogenesis, fatty acid metabolism,
TGF-beta signaling pathway, p53 signaling pathway, immune evasion related pathways, and fatty
acid biosynthesis were the most important pathways affected by these 139 miRNAs.

Conclusion:
The results revealed 45 SNPs in the seed region of 25 miRNAs as the catalog in miRNA
genes that regulated the hepatitis B infection. The results also showed the most important pathways
regulated by these miRNAs that can be targeted for therapeutic purposes.
Comprehensive Review of Ethnopharmacological and Phytochemical Aspects
of Nutraceuticals in Psychiatric Disorders
Authors: Patel Samir , Vyas Niraj , Patel Alkesh , Shah Umang , Raval Manan , Patel Mehul , Patel Archita 
Published: May 2022

Abstract:
Ageing comes with degeneration in many biological activities like impairment of cognition, intelligence, attention, and memory. The decline in all those mental capabilities would be due to the abnormal changes in neuronal architecture with increasing age, chronic oxidative stress and inflammatory state of the tissue, nutritional deficiency. Nootropics or smart drugs enhance memory, attention, creativity, and cognitive performance by affecting the synthesis and receptor binding of neurotransmitters in the brain, especially dopamine, serotonin, gamma-aminobutyric acid, glutamate, and acetylcholine. Nootropics have shown their positive effects in parkinson's, autism, alzheimer's, huntington's disorders, where impaired memory is the primary concern. Synthetic class of nootropics has limitations and reported exacerbation of other brain disorders (off label effects) or therapeutic failure in some instances. Nutraceuticals are dietary derived vitamins, minerals, herbal products, proteins, marine products, and probiotics. The health benefits derived from Nutraceuticals are increasing brain blood flow, reducing inflammation in nervous tissues, detoxifying toxins from the brain, balancing neurotransmitter turnover rate, correcting neuronal and receptor damages and facilitating synaptic transmission, good antioxidant properties and power of improving neuroplasticity of the brain that combat neurodegeneration. The demands for effective nootropics will remain high as the number of cases are increased tremendously.
Assessment of the Impact of Herbal Drugs Used in Neurodegenerative Disorders: A Preclinical Review
Authors: Awasthi Himani , Sharma Maandvi , Srivastava Dipti , Fatima Zeeshan , Srivastava Vivek 
Published: May 2022

Abstract:The use of herbal drugs may offer great potential opportunities in preventing and controlling neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease and Huntington’s disease. Herbal drugs contain multiple pharmacologically active constituents. The relative amounts and nature of these constituents vary due to diverse factors, such as plant source and plant parts, extraction methods, local environmental conditions, storage conditions, adulterations, and accidental or intentional contamination. After administration, they are put through the processes of absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of the same as modern medicines. When handled by the body, they can show a combined effect and interact with modern drugs due to various factors, including similar transport protein interaction, metabolizing cytochrome P450 enzyme, and different transporter mechanisms. Herbal medicine can either induce or inhibit CYP450 enzymes. When herbs are combined with the drugs, either they mimic or oppose the effect of drugs. Many studies worldwide indicate the favorable properties of plant extracts or their bioactive compounds against neurodegenerative disorders, but several clinical concerns have appeared regarding the use of these combinations, which could be due to lack of evidence and scientific support for their effectiveness and safety of the patient.
Ethnomedicinal and Ethnobotanical Investigations and Documentation of Plants Used by Traditional Healers of Eastern India
Authors: Panda Alok Kumar , Woldeamanel Melaku Masresha , Senapati Soumyaranjan , Mohapatra Shibani , Subudhi Hatanath , Rath Prasanta 
Published: May 2022

Introduction:This study is an effort to document extensively and systematically the ethnobotanical and ethnomedicinal knowledge in the four districts (Puri, Cuttack, Bhadrak, and Mayurbhanj) of Odisha in Eastern India. It provides new insights into the rich ethnomedicinal knowledge and plants biodiversity in these four districts.Methods:The method of convenience sampling was conducted to get the ethnobotanical and ethnomedicinal knowledge of the healers. Semi-structured interviews were conducted, and the information got was quantified and documented with the aid of various databases. Eleven traditional healers endowed information on their traditional medicinal knowledge. 74 plant species belonging to 44 botanical families are documented and among these 44 botanical families, five (Rutaceae, Malvaceae, Astaraceae, Annonaceae, and Euphorbiaceae) are mostly used by the healers. The healers mainly use leaves and roots in the medicine's preparation.Results:Twenty-five ailments are treated by these traditional healers, which are majorly dominated by dermatological treatments. The pharmacological mining of these 74 plants revealed that a few pharmacological and biological activities of each medicinal plant had been studied. Our study revealed that these four districts of Odisha have a rich biodiversity of medicinal plants.Conclusion:Promoting the plantation of some of these species can enhance the income of the traditional healers of these districts and simultaneously make the exploitation of these plant species sustainable. We also found that the pharmacological and biological activities of many plant species are yet to be explored.
Research on Turbulent Drag Reduction of Surfactant-Polymer
Mixed Solution Using Flow Visualization Technique
Authors: Zheng Lehua , Li Entian , Liu Yang , Fan Liutong , Zhao Shushi 
Published: May 2022

Objective:
To explore the drag reduction effect of surfactant-polymer composite
system in a turbulent flow.

Methods:
The turbulent drag reduction experiment of the one-component solution and the
composite solution was carried out in a rectangular pipeline platform, respectively. Moreover,
Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) was utilized to measure the turbulent flow field of
the drag-reducing flow.

Results:
Experimental results show that the composite drag reduction system has a drag
reduction gain effect in comparison with the one-component surfactant or polymer solution.
Especially in the destroyed drag reduction zone, the composite drag reduction system
has a strong shear resistance. When Polyacrylamide (PAM) is added, the Reynolds
drag reduction range of Cetyltrimethylammonium Chloride (CTAC) solution is broadened
and the drag reduction gain efficiency reaches 46%, which will provide favorable conditions
for oil transportation and other industries.

Conclusion:
Compared with a one-component CTAC solution, the mean velocity distribution
of the composite solution moves up in the logarithmic-law layer, the velocity fluctuation
peaks of the streamwise direction shift away from the inner wall of pipe, and the
inhibition degree of the normal velocity fluctuation increases with the augment of PAM
concentration. In contrast with water, the Reynolds shear stress of one-component CTAC
solution and composite solution is reduced significantly, and the vortex structures in the
region near the wall are suppressed dramatically with the decrease of vorticity intensity.