bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combinations of Tibetan tea and medicine food homology herbs: A new strategy for obesity prevention
Authors: Yuan Ye , Zhang Bin , He Jing‐liu , Wei Ting , Liu De‐jun , Yang Wen‐jun , Guo Cheng‐Yi , Nie Xu‐qiang 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObesity has become a significant global public health problem. Functional drinks have been an essential direction for obesity prevention research. The present study investigated the preventive effect and safety of winter melon and lotus leaf Tibetan tea (WLTT, a compound tea drink based on Ya'an Tibetan Tea and medicine food homology herbs) on obesity. The rats' hypercaloric high‐fat diet (HFD) obesity model was established to evaluate obesity prevention and explored the mechanism through intestinal flora regulation. The results showed that in obese rats with the intervention of WLTT (400, 800, and 1600 mg/kg BW), the body weight, fat accumulation, adipocyte cell size, serum lipid levels, and antioxidant enzyme activity (SOD, GSH‐Px, and MDA) were progressively improved. 16S rRNA high‐throughput sequencing showed that WLTT could improve intestinal flora disorders due to HFD, which significantly reversed the relative abundance of Firmicutes and the F/B ratio associated with an HFD, and significantly upregulated the relative abundance of Verrucomicrobia. At the genus level, the downregulation of the relative abundance of Akkermansia and unclassified_Lachnospiraceae groups, and the upregulation of the relative abundance of Romboutsia, Ruminococcus, Corynebacteriume, and Saccharibacteria_genera_incertae_sedis groups brought about by the HFD were significantly reversed. The results of the above experiments were compared favorably with those of a parallel experiment with Bi ‐Sheng ‐Yuan slimming tea (BSY, a functional drink based on green tea and medicine food homology herbs). Overall, the findings have provided that WLTT can prevent obesity owing to an HFD by regulating intestinal flora and has a good safety profile, and combinations of Tibetan tea and medicine food homology herbs could be a new option for obesity prevention.
Pricing risky corporate bonds: An empirical study
Authors: Baaquie Belal Ehsan , Karim Muhammad Mahmudul 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis paper empirically studies a model for pricing risky corporate bonds proposed by Baaquie—based on the seminal Merton. The proposed model provides an exact solution for the price of a risky corporate bond with a finite maturity and explains the market price of corporate fixed coupon bonds as being the result of the market risk that is carried by the bond. Baaquie's model is empirically tested using 42 fixed coupon bonds issued by 23 US corporations, between 2011 and 2017. It is found that the proposed model estimates most bond prices quite accurately. Market time (similar to the concept of psychological time), which is distinct from calendar time, is quantified in the paper and is an exogenous behavioral parameter that plays a pivotal role in improving the accuracy of the pricing model for long‐maturity risky bonds.
Disentangling the landscape during armed conflicts and postpeace agreements: Clues from Colombia's Andes-Amazon region
Authors: Murillo-Sandoval Paulo J. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The link between remote sensing and armed conflict processes has been evaluated through discrete landscape representations, deforestation, and static land cover maps. Yet, the landscape is dynamic—not discrete, and recognizing its evolution through armed conflict processes provides better-informed management and a more profound understanding of landscape dynamics. We must create continuous variables that provide compelling landscape representations that account for armed conflict processes as a driver of land cover and land-use change. Here, we present the advancements in monitoring landscape changes in Colombia from subannual forest change and annual land cover maps to elucidate illicit land use and habitat connectivity status. This evolution delivers critical elements to understanding the consequences of armed conflict processes on the environment. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2023;19:355–359. © 2022 SETAC.
Reflections on the 50‐year history of the Federation of Asian and Oceanian Biochemists and Molecular Biologists (FAOBMB)
Authors: Nagley Phillip , Svasti Jisnuson , Kikuchi Akira 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe Federation of Asian and Oceanian Biochemists and Molecular Biologists, Inc. (FAOBMB) celebrates its Golden Jubilee in 2022. Established in August 1972 as a regional grouping of three national societies of biochemists in Australia, India and Japan, it took the name Federation of Asian and Oceanian Biochemists (FAOB). The Federation rapidly grew to encompass another 12 national societies (or groups) of biochemists within 6 years, eventually increasing the number of Constituent Members to 21 by 2014. FAOB soon established regular scientific meetings, including triennial Congresses and annual Symposia; from 1980 FAOB Travel Fellowships enabled regional young scientists to participate in them. In 1992, FAOB was constituted as an Incorporated Association in Victoria, Australia, changing its name 1 year later (yielding the acronym FAOBMB). A printed Newsletter/Bulletin was distributed through each Constituent Society or Group from 1972 to 1999. With the advent of the internet and email in the late 1990s, communication rapidly improved, such that the first webpage of FAOBMB was set up in 1995. From the inception of the Federation, an international journal sponsored by FAOB was foreshadowed but only commenced in 1997, sadly lasting only 6 years. Education in biochemistry and molecular biology became prominent in FAOBMB from the 1990s. In the 21st century, awards to high‐achieving scientists and educationists were introduced, the first being the Young Scientist Awards in 2006. The Fellowships program was extended to young educationists in 2018. FAOB(MB) has been supported by the International Union of Biochemistry (and Molecular Biology) almost its entire history, mostly for support of Congresses, Conferences and Symposia, but also for Young Scientist Programs. The most recent challenge to FAOBMB came with the COVID‐19 pandemic. Executive Committee and the Constituent Members rapidly adapted to virtual communications for their administrative meetings and Education Symposia, and a memorable Congress was held totally on‐line in 2021.
Novel nano‐hydroxyapatite coating of additively manufactured three‐dimensional porous implants improves bone ingrowth and initial fixation
Authors: Watanabe Ryota , Takahashi Hiroyuki , Matsugaki Aira , Uemukai Toru , Kogai Yasumichi , Imagama Takashi , Yukata Kiminori , Nakano Takayoshi , Sakai Takashi 
Published: September 2022

AbstractElectron beam melting (EBM) has been used to fabricate three‐dimensional (3D) porous Ti‐6Al‐4V surfaces for acetabular cups in total hip arthroplasty. However, there are radiographic concerns regarding poor implant fixation and bone ingrowth around electron beam melted (EBMed) 3D porous cups. We hypothesize that nano‐hydroxyapatite (nHA) coating can promote bone ingrowth and thus decrease the occurrence of radiolucent lines around EBMed 3D porous cups. This study aimed to investigate the effect of a novel nHA coating on the biological performance of EBMed 3D porous implants in a beagle transcortical model. Low‐porosity (control) and high‐porosity 3D porous Ti‐6Al‐4V implants were manufactured using EBM. Half of the high‐porosity implants were coated with nHA without clogging the 3D pores. Implants were inserted into the femoral diaphysis of the beagles. The beagles were euthanized at 4, 8, and 12 weeks postoperatively, and push‐out testing was performed. Bone ingrowth was evaluated by histological analysis. Although the increase in porosity alone had no effect on biological behavior, the addition of nHA to high‐porosity 3D implants significantly improved early bone fixation and bone ingrowth into the deep region of porous structures compared to low‐porosity implants. This is the first report of a novel nHA coating that improved bone ingrowth into the deeper regions of 3D porous implants, which can prevent the occurrence of radiolucent lines around EBMed 3D porous cups.
Identification and functional analysis of genetic variants of ISL1 gene promoter in human atrial septal defects
Authors: Yin Xiu‐Yun , Chen Huan‐Xin , Chen Zhuo , Yang Qin , Han Jun , He Guo‐Wei 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundAtrial septal defect (ASD) is a common type of congenital heart disease. A gene promoter plays pivotal role in the disease development. This study was designed to investigate the pathological role of variants of the ISL1 gene promoter region in ASD patients.MethodsTotal DNA extracted from 625 subjects, including 332 ASD patients and 293 healthy controls, was sequenced to identify variants in the promoter region of ISL1 gene. Further functional analyses of the variants were performed with dual luciferase reporter assay and electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA). All possible binding sites of transcription factor affected by the identified variants were predicted using the JASPAR database.ResultsFour variants in the ISL1 gene promoter were found only in patients with ASD by sequencing. Three of the four variants [g.4923 G > C (rs541081886), g.5079 A > G (rs1371835943) and g.5309 G > A (rs116222082)] significantly decreased the transcriptional activities compared with the wild‐type ISL1 gene promoter (p < 0.05). The EMSA revealed that these variants [g.4923 G > C (rs541081886), g.5079 A > G (rs1371835943) and g.5309 G > A (rs116222082)] in the ISL1 gene promoter affected the number and affinity of binding sites of transcription factors. Further analysis with the online JASPAR database demonstrated that a cluster of putative binding sites for transcription factors may be altered by these variants.ConclusionsThese sequence variants identified from the promoter region of ISL1 gene in ASD patients are probably involved in the development of ASD by affecting the transcriptional activity and altering ISL1 levels. Therefore, these findings may provide new insights into the molecular etiology and potential therapeutic strategy of ASD.
Infantile‐onset Pompe disease with neutropenia: Treatment decisions in the face of a unique phenotype
Authors: Riedy Mary , Zhang Jeff F. , Huang Taosheng , Swayampakula Anil Kumar 
Published: September 2022

AbstractInfantile‐onset Pompe disease manifests with early signs of cardiomyopathy during the first few days to weeks of life. We present the case of a newborn born via emergency cesarean section with atrial flutter and moderate biventricular hypertrophy who was diagnosed with Pompe disease on New York State newborn screen. Diagnosis was confirmed with repeat leukocyte acid alpha‐glucosidase (GAA) enzyme activity, GAA gene sequencing, urine Hex4, and evaluation of Cross‐Reactive Immunological Material (CRIM) status. The patient was also found to be persistently neutropenic which to our knowledge has not been previously reported in the literature in association with Pompe disease. This report highlights the impact that newborn screening had on time to diagnosis and initiation of treatment with enzyme replacement therapy. We also discuss how our patient's concurrent neutropenia impacted decision making related to immune tolerance induction prior to starting enzyme replacement therapy.
How to stay attached—Formation of the ricefish plug and changes of internal reproductive structures in the pelvic brooding ricefish, Oryzias eversi Herder et al. (2012) (Beloniformes: Adrianichthyidae)
Authors: Schüller Alina , Vehof Juliane , Hilgers Leon , Spanke Tobias , Wipfler Benjamin , Wowor Daisy , Mokodongan Daniel F. , Wantania Letha L. , Herder Fabian , Parenti Lynne R. , Iwamatsu Takashi , Schwarzer Julia 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTeleost fishes show an enormous diversity of parental care, ranging from no care to viviparity with maternal provisioning of embryos. External brooders carry their developing eggs attached to their bodies. This requires the formation of novel morphological structures to support attachment. The pelvic brooding ricefish Oryzias eversi evolved such a structure, called the “plug.” The plug anchors attaching filaments from the fertilized eggs inside the female reproductive system, allowing the female to carry the embryos until hatching. Using histological sections and µ‐computed tomography scanning, we show that the plug is formed by several types of interstitial cells, blood capillaries, and collagen fibrils that encapsulate the end of the attaching filaments in the anterior part of the gonoduct. Even 15 days after the loss of the protruding attaching filaments, the plug remains. In addition, the developed plug contains multinucleated giant cells that are derived from fusing macrophages. We thus hypothesize that the ricefish plug, which is vital for egg attachment in O. eversi, evolved due to an inflammatory reaction. We assume that it forms similar to a foreign body granuloma, as a reaction to irritation or injury of the gonoduct epithelium by the attaching filaments. Our study further corroborates that pelvic brooding entails a complex set of adaptations to prolonged egg‐carrying in the female reproductive system. During brooding, for instance, ovulation in the ovary is suppressed and the anterior part of the gonoduct is characterized by an intricate, recessed folding.
Extraction, purification, structural characterization, and hepatoprotective effect of the polysaccharide from purple sweet potato
Authors: Li Chenjing , Feng Yihua , Li Jingyao , Lian Rui , Qin Liehao , Wang Chunling 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDPurple sweet potato Ipomoea batatas (L.) has long been used as a medicine and a food. It contains various bioactive substances such as polysaccharides, anthocyanins, and flavonoids. Purple sweet potato polysaccharides are known to have anti‐oxidant, anti‐tumor, and immunomodulatory functions. Nevertheless, studies on the structural characterization of purple sweet potato polysaccharides and their ability to prevent non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) have rarely been reported.RESULTSA novel polysaccharide (PSPP‐A) was extracted and isolated from purple sweet potato, and its structural characteristics and preventive effects on NAFLD were investigated. The results indicated that PSPP‐A was composed of l‐rhamnose, d‐arabinose, d‐galactose, d‐glucose, and d‐glucuronic acid with molar ratios of 1.89:8.45:1.95:1.13:1. Its molecular weight was 2.63 × 103 kDa. Methylation and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis indicated that the glycosidic linkages were →3)‐α‐L‐Araf‐(1→, α‐L‐Araf‐(1→, →2,4)‐α‐L‐Rhap‐(1→, 4‐O‐Me‐β‐D‐GlcAp‐(1→, →4)‐α‐D‐Glcp‐(1→, →4)‐β‐D‐Galp‐(1→, and →6)‐β‐D‐Galp‐(1→. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) indicated that the structure of PSPP‐A was irregular. Subsequently, the protective effect of PSPP‐A on NAFLD was investigated. The results indicated that bodyweight, liver index, and triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), aspartate transaminase (AST), and alanine transaminase (ALT) content were significantly reduced by intervention of purple sweet potato polysaccharide‐A (PSPP‐A) compared with the ‐ high‐fat diet group. Liver histopathological analysis indicated that PSPP‐A attenuated irregular hepatocyte patterns and excessive lipid vacuoles.CONCLUSIONSThe novel polysaccharide, PSPP‐A, mainly contains arabinose, which has certain preventive effects on NAFLD. This study provides a theoretical basis for further elucidating the hepatoprotective effect of purple sweet potatoes as a functional food. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
In‐line mura detection using machine learning and subspace method in display manufacturing
Authors: Tomita Satoru , Siritanawan Prarinya , Kotani Kazunori 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis paper discusses the automatic detection of mura, non‐uniformity of brightness or color, which has been a long‐standing challenge in the display industries. Our purpose is to develop a method using machine learning, which automatically detects and classifies mura in the front‐end process. This will enable prompt feedback to the manufacturing process and contribute to improvement of the productivity. We propose “Progressive Hybrid model,” which is based on the human visual perception and consists of a multiclass CNN (Convolutional Neural Network), a 2‐class residual neural network, and a 2‐class CNN. The two 2‐class models based on the subspace method to reproduce the boundary‐samples in the human visible test are for accurate classification between Normal displays and weak mura. To reproduce the appropriate test‐images used in the human visible test, we enhance contrast of 8000 images of the dataset obtained from an OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diode) manufacturing line. The evaluation results show improvement of the accuracy from 0.830 in the general application of CNN to 0.884 in the proposed model. The proposed model is particularly effective to improve classification of Normal displays, which is usually the most numerous in the manufacturing, and thus further beneficial in the practical use.
Protein‐imprinted particles for coronavirus capture from solution
Authors: Senehi Naomi L. , Ykema Matthew R. , Sun Ruonan , Verduzco Rafael , Stadler Lauren B. , Tao Yizhi J. , Alvarez Pedro J. J. 
Published: September 2022

Molecular imprinting is a promising strategy to selectively adsorb viruses, but it requires discerning and validating epitopes that serve as effective imprinting templates. In this work, glycoprotein‐imprinted particles were synthesized for coronavirus capture. Adsorption was maximized at pH 6 (the glycoprotein isoelectric point) where the glycoprotein‐imprinted particles outperformed non‐imprinted particles, adsorbing 4.96 × 106 ± 3.33 × 103 versus 3.54 × 106 ± 1.39 × 106 median tissue culture infectious dose/mg of the target coronavirus, human coronavirus – organ culture 43, within the first 30 min (p = 0.012). During competitive adsorption, with pH adjustment (pH 6), the glycoprotein‐imprinted particles adsorbed more target virus than non‐target coronavirus (human coronavirus – Netherland 63) with 2.34 versus 1.94 log removal in 90 min (p < 0.01). In contrast, the non‐imprinted particles showed no significant difference in target versus non‐target virus removal. Electrostatic potential calculation shows that the human coronavirus – organ culture 43 glycoprotein has positively charged pockets at pH 6, which may facilitate adsorption at lower pH values. Therefore, tuning the target virus glycoprotein charge via pH adjustment enhanced adsorption by minimizing repulsive electrostatic interactions with the particles. Overall, these results highlight the effective use of glycoprotein‐imprinted particles for coronavirus capture and discern the merits and limitations of glycoprotein imprinting for the capture of enveloped viruses.
Characterization of binding by repaglinide and nateglinide with glycated human serum albumin using high‐performance affinity microcolumns
Authors: Ovbude Susan T. , Tao Pingyang , Li Zhao , Hage David S. 
Published: September 2022

High‐performance affinity microcolumns were used to characterize binding by the anti‐diabetic drugs repaglinide and nateglinide with normal and glycated forms of human serum albumin. The microcolumns contained only nmol amounts of protein and provided a detailed analysis of these drug interactions with good precision and in a matter of minutes per experiment. The overall binding by repaglinide to normal and glycated albumin fits a model with two types of binding sites: a set of one or two moderate‐to‐high affinity regions and a larger set of weaker regions with association equilibrium constants of ∼105 and 103 M−1, respectively, at pH 7.4 and 37°C. Competition studies gave site‐specific association constants for repaglinide and nateglinide at Sudlow site I of 4.2 × 104 and 5.0 × 104 M−1 for normal albumin, with a decrease of 26%–30% being seen for nateglinide with glycated albumin and no significant change being noted for repaglinide. At Sudlow site II, repaglinide and nateglinide had association constants for normal albumin of 6.1 × 104 and 7.1 × 105 M−1, with glycated albumin giving an increase in the association constant at this site for repaglinide of 1.6‐ to 1.8‐fold and a decrease for nateglinide of 51%–58%.
Environmental risk due to the accumulation of metals in Sedum alfredii under different intercropping patterns during phytoremediation
Authors: Ning Wenjing , Jia Yifan , Wu Jian , Yang Pan , Cao Min , Luo Jie 
Published: September 2022

AbstractA field experiment was conducted to evaluate the environmental risk of phytoextraction of Cd, Cu, and Pb using Sedum alfredii Hance. with different intercropping patterns. Three receptors representing invertebrates (earthworms), avians (yellow‐feathered chickens), and small mammalian omnivores (Rattus losea) were selected as the potentially impacted environmental receptors. Soil deglutition and food ingestion are considered dominant pathways of metal exposure. Different planting patterns, including S. alfredii monoculture and S. alfredii intercropped (coordinate and malposed) with Cicer arietinum L., were used to evaluate the mobilization, absorption, and migration of Cd during phytoextraction. This study revealed that the intercropping systems, particularly the malposed intercropping patterns, significantly increased the Cd decontamination efficiency by 31.3% and enhanced the content of Cu and Pb in the aboveground tissues of the intercropped C. arietinum. Correspondingly, different planting patterns resulted in varying environmental risks. For the omnivores, which primarily consume earthworms and plant tissues, the hazard index was 0.096 for the S. alfredii monoculture, and the index decreased to 0.074 and 0.090 in the coordinate and malposed intercropping patterns, respectively. The environmental risk might be induced by the increased Cd concentrations in the roots and shoots of S. alfredii. When extrapolating the results of this treatment to the entire region, all the environmental hazard index values of the receptors were higher than 1.0. This study suggests that if a phytoextraction method is used for metal decontamination, corresponding prevention strategies should be established to prevent the diffusion of concentrated metals to higher trophic levels via the food chain.