bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of a Novel Multidimensional Measure of Aging to Predict Mortality and Morbidity in the Prospective MJ Cohort
Authors: Wang Sicong , Wen Chi Pang , Li Wenyuan , Li Shu , Sun Mingxi , Xu Andi , Tsai Min Kuang , Chu David Ta-Wei , Tsai Shan Pou , Tu Huakang , Wu Xifeng 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundAlthough biological aging has been proposed as a more accurate measure of aging, few biological aging measures have been developed for Asians, especially for young adults.MethodsA total of 521 656 participants were enrolled in the MJ cohort (1996–2011) and were followed until death, loss-to-follow-up, or December 31, 2011, whichever came first. We selected 14 clinical biomarkers, including chronological age, using a random forest algorithm, and developed a multidimensional aging measure (MDAge). Model performance was assessed by area under the curve (AUC) and internal calibration. We evaluated the associations of MDAge and residuals from regressing MDAge on chronological age (MDAgeAccel) with mortality and morbidity, and assessed the robustness of our findings.ResultsMDAge achieved an excellent AUC of 0.892 in predicting all-cause mortality (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.889–0.894). Participants with higher MDAge at baseline were at a higher risk of death (per 5 years, hazard ration [HR] = 1.671, 95% CI: 1.662–1.680), and the association remained after controlling for other variables and in different subgroups. Furthermore, participants with higher MDAgeAccel were associated with shortened life expectancy. For instance, compared to men who were biologically younger (MDAgeAccel ≤ 0) at baseline, men in the highest tertiles of MDAgeAccel had shortened life expectancy by 17.23 years. In addition, higher MDAgeAccel was associated with having chronic disease either cross-sectionally (per 1-standard deviation [SD], odds ratio [OR] = 1.564, 95% CI: 1.552–1.575) or longitudinally (per 1-SD, OR = 1.218, 95% CI: 1.199–1.238).ConclusionMDAge accurately predicted mortality and morbidity, which has great potential in the early identification of individuals at higher risk and therefore promoting early intervention.
Contextual Forces Shaping Home-Based Health Care Services Between 2010 and 2020: Insights From the Social-Ecological Model and Organizational Theory
Authors: Fong Mei-Chia , Russell David , Gao Oude , Franzosa Emily 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Demands for home-based care have surged alongside population aging, preferences for aging in place, policy-driven reforms incentivizing lower hospital utilization, and public concerns around coronavirus disease 2019 transmissions in institutional care settings. However, at both macro and micro levels, sociopolitical, and infrastructural contexts are not aligned with the operational needs of home health care organizations, presenting obstacles to home health care equity. We integrate the social-ecological model and organizational theory to highlight contextual forces shaping the delivery of home-based care services between 2010 and 2020. Placing home-based health care organizations at the center of observation, we discuss patterns and trends of service delivery as systematic organizational behaviors reflecting the organizations’ adaptations and responses to their surrounding forces. In this light, we consider the implications of provision and access to home care services for health equity, discuss topics that are understudied, and provide recommendations for home-based health care organizations to advance home health care equity. The article represents a synthesis of recent literature and our research and industry experiences.
On convergence of numerical solutions for the compressible MHD system with weakly divergence-free magnetic field
Authors: Li Yang , She Bangwei 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We study a general convergence theory for the analysis of numerical solutions to a magnetohydrodynamic system describing the time evolution of compressible, viscous, electrically conducting fluids in space dimension $d$$(=2,3)$. First, we introduce the concept of dissipative weak (DW) solutions and prove the weak–strong uniqueness property for DW solutions, meaning a DW solution coincides with a classical solution emanating from the same initial data on the lifespan of the latter. Next, we introduce the concept of consistent approximations and prove the convergence of consistent approximations towards the DW solution, as well as the classical solution. Interpreting the consistent approximation as the energy stability and consistency of numerical solutions, we have built a nonlinear variant of the celebrated Lax equivalence theorem. Finally, as an application of this theory, we show the convergence analysis of two numerical methods.
Pancolonic Dye Spray Chromoendoscopy to Detect and Resect Ill-Defined Neoplastic Lesions in Colonic Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Dziegielewski Claudia , Gupta Sarang , McCurdy Jeffrey D , Sy Richmond , Saloojee Navaaz , Murthy Sanjay K 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
Pancolonic dye spray chromoendoscopy (DCE) is used as an adjunct to white light endoscopy (WLE) to enhance the detection and delineation of ill-defined neoplastic (dysplastic) lesions in persons with colonic inflammatory bowel diseases (cIBD). We evaluated the utility of DCE as follow-up to high-definition WLE (HD-WLE) to “unmask” and/or facilitate endoscopic resection of neoplastic lesions.

Methods
We retrospectively studied persons with cIBD who underwent DCE as follow-up to HD-WLE between 2013 and 2020. We describe neoplastic findings and management during HD-WLE and DCE exams and report outcomes from post-DCE surveillance exams.

Results
Twenty-four persons were studied (mean age 56.7 ± 13.8 years, 50.0% male, 70.8% ulcerative colitis, mean disease duration 18.0 ± 11.0 years). Overall, 32 visible neoplastic lesions were unmasked during DCE, of which 24 were endoscopically resected. DCE facilitated the diagnosis of two cancers. Among 17 persons referred for evaluation of “invisible” neoplasia (detected in non-targeted biopsies) during HD-WLE, DCE identified neoplastic lesions at the same site in eight persons and a different site in four persons. Among seven persons referred for ill-defined visible neoplasia, DCE facilitated complete endoscopic resection in four individuals, whereas two individuals required colectomy for a diagnosis of cancer. Among 19 individuals with post-DCE surveillance, five developed new visible neoplastic lesions, including one high-grade neoplasia which was completely resected.

Conclusions
In our cohort, DCE aided in unmasking invisible neoplasia and facilitated endoscopic resection of ill-defined neoplasia, suggesting that it is a useful surveillance tool in selected persons with cIBD. Large prospective studies are needed to validate these findings.
Influence of less invasive hip preservation surgery on subsequent hip arthroplasty for osteonecrosis of the femoral head
Authors: Mo Liang , Li Jianxiong , Wang Zhangzheng , Huang Fayi , Xin Pengfei , Zhou Chi , He Wei , Liu Yuhao 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of total hip arthroplasty (THA) following less invasive hip-preserving procedures (LIHPs) and present a critical overview of the literature to aid in better result interpretation. The search time was from the establishment of the database to September 2021, and the outcome indicators were extracted and analyzed by Cochrane Collaboration Review Manager software (RevMan version 5.4). Finally, 10 articles were included in this meta-analysis by searching Chinese databases and English databases. Three of them were published in Chinese, and the remaining studies were published in English. LIHP was further divided into the tantalum rod implantation group and the non-tantalum rod implantation group. The results showed that prior tantalum rod implantation increased the difficulty of conversion to THA, which was reflected mainly in the longer operative time [weighted mean difference (WMD) = 24.50, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 14.09–34.91, P &lt; 0.00001] and greater intraoperative blood loss (WMD = 114.74, 95% CI = 33.52–195.96, P = 0.006), while no significant difference was found between the non-tantalum rod implantation group and the control group. Simultaneously, easier intraoperative fracture [odds ratio (OR) = 5.88, 95% CI = 0.93–37.05, P = 0.06] and stem malalignment (OR = 4.17, 95% CI = 1.18–14.71, P = 0.03) in the LIHP group tended to be observed than in the control THA group. However, there was no significant difference in cup anteversion and inclination angle, ectopic ossification, postoperative Harris Hip Score and survivorship between the LIHP group and the control group. Although LIHP increased the difficulty of the conversion to THA, it does not detrimentally affect the clinical results of subsequent THA in the mid-term follow-up.
Tick-Borne Pathogens in Questing Blacklegged Ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) From Pike County, Pennsylvania
Authors: Schwartz Sarah , Calvente Elizabeth , Rollinson Emily , Sample Koon Koon Destiny , Chinnici Nicole 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Active surveillance was conducted by collecting questing ticks from vegetation through a 2-yr survey in Pike County, Pennsylvania. Over a thousand blacklegged ticks (Ixodes scapularis Say) and American dog ticks (Dermacentor variabilis Say) were collected. A single specimen of the following species was collected: lone star tick (Amblyomma americanum L.), rabbit tick (Haemaphysalis leporispalustris Packard), and an Asian longhorned tick (Haemaphysalis longicornis Neumann). This study represents the largest county-wide study in Pennsylvania, surveying 988 questing I. scapularis adult and nymphs. Molecular detection of five distinct tick-borne pathogens was screened through real-time PCR at a single tick resolution. Respectively, the overall 2-yr adult and nymph prevalence were highest with Borrelia burgdorferi (Spirochaetales: Spirochaetacceae) (45.99%, 18.94%), Anaplasma phagocytophilum (Rickettsiales: Anaplasmataceae) (12.29%, 7.95%) where the variant-ha (8.29%, 3.03%) was overall more prevalent than the variant-v1 (2.49%, 4.17%), Babesia microti (Piroplasmida: Babesiidae) (4.97%, 5.30%), Borrelia miyamotoi (Spirochaetales: Spirochaetaceae) (1.38%, 1.89%), and Powassan virus lineage II [POWV]/deer tick virus (DTV) (2.07%, 0.76%). Adult and nymph coinfection prevalence of B. burgdorferi and B. microti (3.03%, 4.97%) and adult coinfection of B. burgdorferi and A. phagocytophilum or A. phagocytophilum and B. microti were significantly higher than the independent infection rate expected naturally. This study highlights the urgency to conduct diverse surveillance studies with large sample sizes to better understand the human risk for tick-borne diseases within small geographical areas.
Water Physicochemical Parameters and Microbial Composition Distinguish Anopheles and Culex Mosquito Breeding Sites: Potential as Ecological Markers for Larval Source Surveillance
Authors: Kinga Harriet , Kengne-Ouafo Jonas A , King Sandra A , Egyirifa Richardson K , Aboagye-Antwi Fred , Akorli Jewelna 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The presence of mosquitoes in an area is dependent on the availability of suitable breeding sites that are influenced by several environmental factors. Identification of breeding habitats for vector surveillance and larval source management is key to disease control programs. We investigated water quality parameters and microbial composition in selected mosquito breeding sites in urban Accra, Ghana and associated these with abundance of Anopheles (Diptera: Culicidae) and Culex (Diptera: Culicidae) larvae. Physicochemical parameters and microbial composition explained up to 72% variance among the breeding sites and separated Anopheles and Culex habitats (P &lt; 0.05). Anopheles and Culex abundances were commonly influenced by water temperature, pH, nitrate, and total hardness with contrasting impacts on the two mosquito species. In addition, total dissolved solids, biochemical oxygen demand, and alkalinity uniquely influenced Anopheles abundance, while total suspended solids, phosphate, sulphate, ammonium, and salinity were significant determinants for Culex. The correlation of these multiple parameters with the occurrence of each mosquito species was high (R2 = 0.99, P &lt; 0.0001). Bacterial content assessment of the breeding ponds revealed that the most abundant bacterial phyla were Patescibacteria, Cyanobacteria, and Proteobacteria, constituting &gt;70% of the total bacterial richness. The oligotrophic Patescibacteria was strongly associated with Anopheles suggestive of the mosquito’s adaptation to environments with less nutrients, while predominance of Cyanobacteria, indicative of rich nutritional source was associated with Culex larval ponds. We propose further evaluation of these significant abiotic and biotic parameters in field identification of larval sources and how knowledge of these can be harnessed effectively to reduce conducive breeding sites for mosquitoes.
Age and symptoms at onset of ankylosing spondylitis in Japanese patients
Authors: Kishimoto Kenji , Asai Shuji , Suzuki Mochihito , Takahashi Nobunori , Terabe Kenya , Ohashi Yoshifumi , Hattori Kyosuke , Kojima Toshihisa , Imagama Shiro 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT

Objectives
To examine the age at onset and initial symptoms as clinical features of ankylosing spondylitis in Japanese patients.

Methods
This retrospective study included 60 Japanese patients diagnosed with ankylosing spondylitis at our institute between January 2004 and June 2021. Initial symptoms were considered pain in axial joints and/or extra-axial joints. If a patient had initial symptoms at multiple sites, each site was counted. We assessed trends for the number of patients and sites of initial symptoms according to age at onset.

Results
Mean age (± standard deviation) at onset was 28.9 (± 14.3) years. Approximately one-third of patients experienced onset before age 20. The back was the most common site of initial symptoms (36.7%), followed by the hip (26.7%), knee (15%), buttocks (15%), neck (10%), finger (6.7%), shoulder (3.3%), and others (including overlapping sites). Thirty-two (53.3%) and 25 (41.7%) patients had initial symptoms only in axial joints and only in extra-axial joints, respectively. The proportion of patients with initial symptoms only in extra-axial joints significantly decreased with increasing age (p = .024).

Conclusions
Sites of initial symptoms were frequently the back, hip, knee, and buttocks, and 41.7% had initial symptoms only in extra-axial joints. Younger onset patients frequently had extra-axial involvement.
Notifiable Infectious Diseases Among Organ Transplant Recipients: A Data-Linked Cohort Study, 2000–2015
Authors: Waller Karen M J , De La Mata Nicole L , Wyburn Kate R , Hedley James A , Rosales Brenda M , Kelly Patrick J , Ramachandran Vidiya , Shah Karan K , Morton Rachael L , Rawlinson William D , Webster Angela C 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
Infections, including common communicable infections such as influenza, frequently cause disease after organ transplantation, although the quantitative extent of infection and disease remains uncertain.

Methods
A cohort study was conducted to define the burden of notifiable infectious diseases among all solid organ recipients transplanted in New South Wales, Australia, 2000–2015. Data linkage was used to connect transplant registers to hospital admissions, notifiable diseases, and the death register. Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) were calculated relative to general population notification rates, accounting for age, sex, and calendar year. Infection-related hospitalizations and deaths were identified.

Results
Among 4858 solid organ recipients followed for 39 183 person-years (PY), there were 792 notifications. Influenza was the most common infection (532 cases; incidence, 1358 [95% CI, 1247–1478] per 100 000 PY), highest within 3 months posttransplant. Next most common was salmonellosis (46 cases; incidence, 117 [95% CI, 87–156] per 100 000 PY), then pertussis (38 cases; incidence, 97 [95% CI, 71–133] per 100 000 PY). Influenza and invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) showed significant excess cases compared with the general population (influenza SIR, 8.5 [95% CI, 7.8–9.2]; IPD SIR, 9.8 [95% CI, 6.9–13.9]), with high hospitalization rates (47% influenza cases, 68% IPD cases) and some mortality (4 influenza and 1 IPD deaths). By 10 years posttransplant, cumulative incidence of any vaccine-preventable disease was 12%, generally similar by transplanted organ, except higher among lung recipients. Gastrointestinal diseases, tuberculosis, and legionellosis had excess cases among transplant recipients, although there were few sexually transmitted infections and vector-borne diseases.

Conclusions
There is potential to avoid preventable infections among transplant recipients with improved vaccination programs, health education, and pretransplant donor and recipient screening.
Dominant Negative TRAF3 Variant With Recurrent Mycobacterium abscessus Infection and Bronchiectasis
Authors: Liew Mei Fong , Lim Hui Fang , Liang Mui Cheng , Lim Ives , Tan Zhaohong , Tan Rachel Ying Min , Sam Qi Hui , Soe Win Mar , Tay Sen Hee , Xu Shengli , Chang Matthew Wook , Foo Roger , Soong Tuck Wah , Ravikumar Sharada , Chai Louis Yi Ann 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Host factors leading to pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacteria (PNTM) disease are poorly understood compared with disseminated NTM disease, which is linked to the interleukin 12–interferon gamma signaling pathway. We investigated the tumor necrosis factor receptor associated factor 3 (TRAF3) R338W variant in a patient with recurrent PNTM infection, demonstrating TRAF3- and TNF-α-deficient phenotypes via ex vivo immune and cloning-transfection cellular studies.
High-risk US International Travelers Seeking Pretravel Consultation During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Hyle Emily P , Le Mylinh H , Rao Sowmya R , Mulroy Nora M , Walker Allison T , Ryan Edward T , LaRocque Regina C 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
To assess the implications of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)–related travel disruptions, we compared demographics and travel-related circumstances of US travelers seeking pretravel consultation regarding international travel at US Global TravEpiNet (GTEN) sites before and after the initiation of COVID-19 travel warnings.

Methods
We analyzed data in the GTEN database regarding traveler demographics and travel-related circumstances with standard questionnaires in the pre-COVID-19 period (January–December 2019) and the COVID-19 period (April 2020–March 2021), excluding travelers from January to March 2020. We conducted descriptive analyses of differences in demographics, travel-related circumstances, routine and travel-related vaccinations, and medications.

Results
Compared with 16 903 consultations in the pre-COVID-19 period, only 1564 consultations were recorded at GTEN sites during the COVID-19 period (90% reduction), with a greater proportion of travelers visiting friends and relatives (501/1564 [32%] vs 1525/16 903 [9%]), individuals traveling for &gt;28 days (824/1564 [53%] vs 2522/16 903 [15%]), young children (6 mo–&lt;6 y: 168/1564 [11%] vs 500/16 903 [3%]), and individuals traveling to Africa (1084/1564 [69%] vs 8049/16 903 [48%]). A smaller percentage of vaccine-eligible travelers received vaccines at pretravel consultations during the COVID-19 period than before, except for yellow fever and Japanese encephalitis vaccinations.

Conclusions
Compared with the pre-COVID-19 period, a greater proportion of travelers during the COVID-19 period were young children, were planning to visit friends and relatives, were traveling for &gt;28 days, or were traveling to Africa, which are circumstances that contribute to high risk for travel-related infections. Fewer vaccine-eligible travelers were administered travel-related vaccines at pretravel consultations. Counseling and vaccination focused on high-risk international travelers must be prioritized during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Machine Learning in Infectious Disease for Risk Factor Identification and Hypothesis Generation: Proof of Concept Using Invasive Candidiasis
Authors: Mayer Lisa M , Strich Jeffrey R , Kadri Sameer S , Lionakis Michail S , Evans Nicholas G , Prevots D Rebecca , Ricotta Emily E 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background
Machine learning (ML) models can handle large data sets without assuming underlying relationships and can be useful for evaluating disease characteristics, yet they are more commonly used for predicting individual disease risk than for identifying factors at the population level. We offer a proof of concept applying random forest (RF) algorithms to Candida-positive hospital encounters in an electronic health record database of patients in the United States.

Methods
Candida-positive encounters were extracted from the Cerner HealthFacts database; invasive infections were laboratory-positive sterile site Candida infections. Features included demographics, admission source, care setting, physician specialty, diagnostic and procedure codes, and medications received before the first positive Candida culture. We used RF to assess risk factors for 3 outcomes: any invasive candidiasis (IC) vs non-IC, within-species IC vs non-IC (eg, invasive C. glabrata vs noninvasive C. glabrata), and between-species IC (eg, invasive C. glabrata vs all other IC).

Results
Fourteen of 169 (8%) variables were consistently identified as important features in the ML models. When evaluating within-species IC, for example, invasive C. glabrata vs non-invasive C. glabrata, we identified known features like central venous catheters, intensive care unit stay, and gastrointestinal operations. In contrast, important variables for invasive C. glabrata vs all other IC included renal disease and medications like diabetes therapeutics, cholesterol medications, and antiarrhythmics.

Conclusions
Known and novel risk factors for IC were identified using ML, demonstrating the hypothesis-generating utility of this approach for infectious disease conditions about which less is known, specifically at the species level or for rarer diseases.
The RNA helicase UAP56 and the E3 ubiquitin ligase COP1 coordinately regulate alternative splicing to repress photomorphogenesis in Arabidopsis
Authors: Li Yang , Du Yanxin , Huai Junling , Jing Yanjun , Lin Rongcheng 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Light is a key environmental signal that regulates plant growth and development. While posttranscriptional regulatory mechanisms of gene expression include alternative splicing (AS) of pre-messenger RNA (mRNA) in both plants and animals, how light signaling affects AS in plants is largely unknown. Here, we identify DExD/H RNA helicase U2AF65-associated protein (UAP56) as a negative regulator of photomorphogenesis in Arabidopsis thaliana. UAP56 is encoded by the homologs UAP56a and UAP56b. Knockdown of UAP56 led to enhanced photomorphogenic responses and diverse developmental defects during vegetative and reproductive growth. UAP56 physically interacts with the central light signaling repressor constitutive photomorphogenic 1 (COP1) and U2AF65. Global transcriptome analysis revealed that UAP56 and COP1 co-regulate the transcription of a subset of genes. Furthermore, deep RNA-sequencing analysis showed that UAP56 and COP1 control pre-mRNA AS in both overlapping and distinct manners. Ribonucleic acid immunoprecipitation assays showed that UAP56 and COP1 bind to common small nuclear RNAs and mRNAs of downstream targets. Our study reveals that both UAP56 and COP1 function as splicing factors that coordinately regulate AS during light-regulated plant growth and development.