bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cynaropicrin Averts the Oxidative Stress and Neuroinflammation in Ischemic/Reperfusion Injury Through the Modulation of NF-kB
Authors: Jin Tao , Leng Bing 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCerebral ischemia and successive reperfusion are the prevailing cause of cerebral stroke. Currently cerebral stroke is considered to be one of the prior causes for high mortality, disability, and morbidity. Cynaropicrin, a sesquiterpene lactone, exhibits various pharmacologic properties and also has an anti-inflammatory property associated with the suppression of the key pro-inflammatory NF-κB pathway. The protective effect of cynaropicrin against oxidative stress and neuroinflammation during CIR injury through the modulation of NF-κB pathway was studied in the current investigation. The experimental rats split into 5 groups as sham-operated control group (group 1), middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO)-induced rats (group 2), MCAO rats treated with cynaropicrin (diluted in saline) immediately 2 h after MCAO with 5, 10, and 25 mg/kg administration orally were designated as groups 3, 4, and 5, respectively. In MCAO-induced animals, the severity of ischemic was evident by the elevated level nitrate, MDA, MMPs, inflammatory mediators, Bax, caspase-3, and NF-κB. The level of Nrf-2, antioxidant enzymes, Bcl-2, and IL-10 was reduced in the MCAO-induced animals. Treatment with cynaropicrin in dosage-based manner increased the level of antioxidant enzymes, IL-10, Nrf-2, and Bcl-2 in the animals which indicates the antioxidative effect of cynaropicrin. The level of nitrate, MDA, MMPs, proinflammatory cytokines, inflammatory mediators, Bax, caspase-3, and NF-κB was reduced in the rats treated with cynaropicrin in a dosage-based manner. Experimental animals treated with cynaropicrin in a dosage-dependent way showed a defensive mechanism against oxidative stress and neuroinflammation by inhibiting the NF-κB pathway.
Study on polymer mechanical degradation in core plugs versus in capillary tubes
Authors: Cao Dongqing , Han Ming , Leng Zhenpeng , Wang Jinxun 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPolymer flooding has been recognized as an effective technology to improve oil recovery. While synthetic polymers have been widely used in this process, mechanical degradation tends to occur at near-wellbore regions where flow rate is high. In this paper, we evaluated the polymer mechanical degradation in both core samples and capillary tubes. Results showed that the degradation tended to be severer when the polymer solution flowing through tighter core samples or through capillary tubes with smaller diameter. After mechanical degradation, the polymer average molecular weight was lower and its distribution became wider, indicating the irreversible fragmentation of polymer molecules. The critical shear rate, beyond which evident polymer degradation occurred, tended to be lower for sandstone cores than that for carbonate cores in the same permeability range. On the other hand, the critical shear rates obtained from capillary tubes were significantly higher than those from the core samples. Correlations between the polymer degradation in core samples and in capillary tubes were established, which can be used to estimate the polymer mechanical degradation in reservoir rocks from the more convenient measurement using capillary tubes. This study provides a robust technique for polymer evaluation, and the results are also helpful for better understanding of the polymer flow in porous media.
Commissioning of laser electron gamma beamline SLEGS at SSRF
Authors: Wang Hong-Wei , Fan Gong-Tao , Liu Long-Xiang , Xu Hang-Hua , Shen Wen-Qing , Ma Yu-Gang , Utsunomiya Hiroaki , Song Long-Long , Cao Xi-Guang , Hao Zi-Rui , Chen Kai-Jie , Jin Sheng , Yang Yu-Xuan , Hu Xin-Rong , Li Xin-Xiang , Kuang Pan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe Shanghai Laser Electron Gamma Source (SLEGS) is a powerful gamma source that provides MeV gamma-ray beams for nuclear science and technology. It was developed as one of the 16 beamline stations in the Phase II Project of the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility. The slant-scattering mode is for the first time systematically employed in laser Compton scattering at SLEGS to produce energy-tunable quasi-monoenergetic gamma-ray beams. The SLEGS officially completed its commissioning from July to December 2021. Gamma rays in the energy range of 0.25–21.7 MeV with a flux of 2.1 × 104–1.2 × 107 photons/s and an energy spread of 2–15% were produced during the test. This paper reports the results from commissioning the SLEGS beamline.
Modulational Instability and Discrete Localized Modes in Two Coupled Atomic Chains with Next-Nearest-Neighbor Interactions
Authors: Nfor Nkeh Oma , Yamgoué Serge Bruno 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA pair of one dimensional atomic chains which are coupled via the Klein-Gordon potential is considered in this study, with each chain experiencing both nearest and next-nearest-neighbor interactions. The discrete nonlinear Schrödinger amplitude equation with next-nearest-neighbor interactions is thus derived from the out-phase equation of motion of the coupled chains. This is achieved by using the rotating wave approximations perturbation method, in which both the carrier wave and envelope are explicitly treated in the discrete regime. It is shown that the next-nearest-neighbor interactions greatly modifies the region of observation of modulational instability in the atomic chain. By exploring the discrete Hirota-Bilinear method, we obtain the discrete one-soliton solution which is localized around the origin and structurally stable because it conserves it form as time evolves. However when the atomic chain is purely subjected to a symmetric coupling potential, we observe a structurally unstable discrete excitation that changes into an up-and-down asymmetric localized modes; both in the presence and absence of next-nearest-neighbor interactions. Results of numerical simulations clearly depicts the long term evolution of these discrete nonlinear excitations, that evolve from symmetric to asymmetric localized modes in the atomic chain.
Teacher Blame as the Grammar of Public School Reform
Authors: Pawlewicz Diana D'Amico 
Published: July 2022

AbstractHistorical policy stories that situate teachers as the root cause of problems in public schools have long accompanied educational reforms, including No Child Left Behind. This article portrays the history of teacher blame as a defining component of the grammar of American educational reform. Nineteenth- and twentieth-century reformers identified teacher quality—a later trademark of NCLB—as a panacea for school improvement, but it remained an amorphous idea bound up in gendered and racialized assumptions. The historical results were a swirl of policies that increased standardization across the schools. This article concludes that teacher blame was a critical driver for federal intervention in local public education, and that the roots of that intervention extend far deeper than historians have allowed.
Diet and risk of Barrett’s oesophagus: Melbourne collaborative cohort study
Authors: Wang Sabrina E. , Hodge Allison , Dashti S Ghazaleh , Dixon-Suen Suzanne C. , Castaño-Rodríguez Natalia , Thomas Robert , Giles Graham , Boussioutas Alex , Kendall Bradley , English Dallas R. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBarrett’s oesophagus (BE) is the precursor of oesophageal adenocarcinoma, which has become the most common type of oesophageal cancer in many Western populations. Existing evidence on diet and risk of BE predominantly comes from case–control studies, which are subject to recall bias in measurement of diet. We aimed to investigate the potential effect of diet, including macronutrients, carotenoids, food groups, specific food items, beverages and dietary scores, on risk of BE in over 20 000 participants of the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study. Diet at baseline (1990–1994) was measured using a food frequency questionnaire. The outcome was BE diagnosed between baseline and follow-up (2007–2010). Logistic regression models were used to estimate OR and 95 % CI for diet in relation to risk of BE. Intakes of leafy vegetables and fruit were inversely associated with risk of BE (highest v. lowest quartile: OR = 0·59; CI: 0·38, 0·94; P-trend = 0·02 and OR = 0·58; CI: 0·37, 0·93; P-trend = 0·02 respectively), as were dietary fibre and carotenoids. Stronger associations were observed for food than the nutrients found in them. Positive associations were observed for discretionary food (OR = 1·54; CI: 0·97, 2·44; P-trend = 0·04) and total fat intake (OR per 10 g/d = 1·11; CI: 1·00, 1·23), the association for fat was less robust in sensitivity analyses. No association was observed for meat, protein, dairy products or diet scores. Diet is a potential modifiable risk factor for BE. Public health and clinical guidelines that incorporate dietary recommendations could contribute to reduction in risk of BE and, thereby, oesophageal adenocarcinoma.
The effects of guar gum supplementation on lipid profile in adults: a GRADE-assessed systematic review, meta-regression and dose–response meta-analysis of randomised placebo-controlled trials
Authors: Setayesh Leila , Pourreza Sanaz , Zeinali Khosroshahi Mohammad , Asbaghi Omid , Bagheri Reza , Rezaei Kelishadi Mahnaz , Wong Alexei , Clark Cain C.T. , Larky Damoon Ashtary , Suzuki Katsuhiko , Ghanavati Matin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractRecent meta-analytic work indicated that guar gum supplementation might improve lipid profile markers in different populations. However, critical methodological limitations such as the use of some unreliable data and the lack of inclusion of several relevant studies, and the scarcity in assessments of regression and dose-specific effects make it difficult to draw meaningful conclusions from the meta-analysis. Therefore, current evidence regarding the effects of guar gum supplementation on lipid profile remains unclear. The present systematic review, meta-regression and dose–response meta-analysis aimed to examine the effects of guar gum supplementation on lipid profile (total cholesterol (TC), LDL, TAG and HDL) in adults. Relevant studies were obtained by searching the PubMed, SCOPUS, Embase and Web of Science databases (from inception to September 2021). Weighted mean differences (WMD) and 95 % CI were estimated via a random-effects model. Heterogeneity, sensitivity analysis and publication bias were reported using standard methods. Pooled analysis of nineteen randomised controlled trials (RCT) revealed that guar gum supplementation led to significant reductions in TC (WMD: −19·34 mg/dl, 95 % CI −26·18, −12·49, P < 0·001) and LDL (WMD: −16·19 mg/dl, 95 % CI −25·54, −6·83, P = 0·001). However, there was no effect on TAG and HDL among adults in comparison with control group. Our outcomes suggest that guar gum supplementation lowers TC and LDL in adults. Future large RCT on various populations are needed to show further beneficial effects of guar gum supplementation on lipid profile and establish guidelines for clinical practice.
Connection between maternal suicide attempt and chronic morbidity in children
Authors: Auger Nathalie , Low Nancy , Ayoub Aimina , Chang Jungmin , Luu Thuy Mai 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundMaternal suicide attempts are associated with adverse psychosocial outcomes in children, but the association with chronic morbidity is poorly understood. We examined the relationship between maternal suicide attempt and risk of hospitalization for potentially preventable conditions in offspring.MethodsWe analyzed a longitudinal cohort of 1 032 210 children born in Quebec, Canada between 2006 and 2019. The main exposure measure was maternal suicide attempt before or during pregnancy. Outcomes included child hospitalizations for potentially preventable conditions, including infectious diseases, dental caries, atopy, and injury up to 14 years after birth. We used adjusted Cox proportional hazards regression models to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the association of maternal suicide attempt with risk of hospitalization for these outcomes.ResultsCompared with no suicide attempt, children whose mothers attempted suicide had an increased risk of hospitalization for infectious diseases (HR 1.11, 95% CI 1.06–1.16), dental caries (HR 1.31, 95% CI 1.15–1.48), and injury (HR 1.16, 95% CI 1.03–1.31). Risk of hospitalization for any of these outcomes was greater if mothers attempted suicide by hanging (HR 1.46, 95% CI 1.22–1.75), had their first attempt between the age of 25 and 34 years (HR 1.27, 95% CI 1.13–1.42), and had 3 or more attempts (HR 1.56, 95% CI 1.27–1.91). Maternal suicide attempts were more strongly associated with child hospitalization before 10 years of age.ConclusionsChildren whose mothers have a history of suicide attempt have an elevated risk of hospitalization for potentially preventable conditions.
An accurate identification method based on double weighting for inertial parameters of robot payloads
Authors: Xu Tian , Fan Jizhuang , Fang Qianqian , Zhu Yanhe , Zhao Jie 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe inertial parameters of payloads attached to the end effector of robots benefit to several robotics applications, such as the model-based control, the task optimization, and so on. These applications require the accurate estimation of the inertial parameters. In the existing payload estimation approaches, however, the data weighting technique, which can reduce the adverse effects of outliers and significantly improve the final results, has not been applied yet. In this article, an accurate identification method based on double weighting for inertial parameters of robot payloads is proposed. In order to obtain the weighting matrices, a modified dynamic parameter identification method with two loops is firstly proposed. Then, based on the identified results of dynamic parameters, a payload identification model based on double weighting is constructed. In addition, the variations of both nonlinear friction parameters and linear friction parameters caused by the payload are considered in this model. Finally, experimental comparisons between our method and another four methods are conducted. The results confirm that our method shows the best performance, especially on improving the identification accuracy of mass and center of mass of the payload.
The Fermi paradox: impact of astrophysical processes and dynamical evolution
Authors: Schleicher Dominik R.G. , Bovino Stefano 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe Fermi paradox has given rise to various attempts to explain why no evidence of extraterrestrial civilizations was found so far on Earth and in our Solar System. Here, we present a dynamical model for the development of such civilizations, which accounts for self-destruction, colonization and astrophysical destruction mechanisms of civilizations including gamma-ray bursts, type Ia and type II supernovae as well as radiation from the supermassive black hole. We adopt conservative estimates regarding the efficiency of such processes and find that astrophysical effects can influence the development of intelligent civilizations and change the number of systems with such civilizations by roughly a factor of $2$; potentially more if the feedback is enhanced. Our results show that non-equilibrium evolution allows for solutions in-between extreme cases such as ‘rare Earth’ or extreme colonization, including scenarios with civilization fractions between $10^{-2}$ and $10^{-7}$. These would imply still potentially large distances to the next such civilizations, particularly when persistence phenomena are being considered. As previous studies, we confirm that the main uncertainties are due to the lifetime of civilizations as well as the assumed rate of colonization. For SETI-like studies, we believe that unbiased searches are needed considering both the possibilities that the next civilizations are nearby or potentially very far away.
NORMALISED TANGENT BUNDLE, VARIETIES WITH SMALL CODEGREE AND PSEUDOEFFECTIVE THRESHOLD
Authors: Fu Baohua , Liu Jie 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWe propose a conjectural list of Fano manifolds of Picard number
$1$
with pseudoeffective normalised tangent bundles, which we prove in various situations by relating it to the complete divisibility conjecture of Francesco Russo and Fyodor L. Zak on varieties with small codegree. Furthermore, the pseudoeffective thresholds and, hence, the pseudoeffective cones of the projectivised tangent bundles of rational homogeneous spaces of Picard number
$1$
are explicitly determined by studying the total dual variety of minimal rational tangents (VMRTs) and the geometry of stratified Mukai flops. As a by-product, we obtain sharp vanishing theorems on the global twisted symmetric holomorphic vector fields on rational homogeneous spaces of Picard number
$1$
.
Asymmetrical fed Calendula flower-shaped four-port 5G-NR band (n77, n78, and n79) MIMO antenna with high diversity performance
Authors: Addepalli Tathababu , Vidyavathi T. , Neelima K. , Sharma M. , Kumar D. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis research reports a four-port multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) antenna designed for 5G-NR band applications including n77: 3.30–4.20 GHz, n78: 3.30–3.80 GHz, and n79: 4.40–5.00 GHz. The proposed design is analyzed in two parts, one single-element asymmetrical fed Calendula flower-shaped antenna and the other four-port modified MIMO antenna with the connected ground. The evolution of the MIMO antenna is studied based on the characteristics and optimized single-element antenna. The measured 5G-NR bandwidth offers a very high matching of impedance for MIMO configuration and higher isolation in the same band. The MIMO antenna offers an average peak gain of 3.51 dBi with a radiation efficiency of more than 90%. The radiation patterns plotted at 3.51, 4.00, 4.50, and 5.00 GHz match with almost omni-directional and dipole patterns in H- and E-radiating planes respectively. The MIMO antenna also records good diversity performance (ECC, DG, CCL, MEG, and TARC) in n77, n78, and n79 5G bands.
Seasonal Air–Sea Exchange Dynamics of Polychlorinated Biphenyls Over the East China Marginal Seas: The Role of Water Masses in a Complex Coastal–Ocean Current System
Authors: Yu H. M. , Lin T. , Guo T. F. , Sun X. , Cao Y. B. , Duan L. , Sun X. S. , Guo Z. G. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractContinental marginal seas are key reservoirs of anthropogenic pollutants. Understanding the physical processes controlling the air–sea exchange dynamics of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in the continental margin seas is crucial to constrain the contribution of PCBs from land and rivers to the ocean; however, the transport and fate of PCBs, and their controlling factors of air–sea exchange in the continental marginal seas still remain poorly understood. Here, we collected atmospheric and surface water samples from the Yellow Sea (YS) and East China Sea (ECS) in summer 2018 and winter 2019, and examined the PCB concentrations. The PCB air–sea gas exchange fluxes showed higher net volatilization in winter, largely due to southward movement of the strengthened Yellow Sea Coastal Current and Yangtze River Diluted Water with high PCB concentrations. Both the dissolved PCB concentrations in seawater and wind speed were the primary factors influencing the PCB air–sea exchange fluxes in winter. By contrast, weak PCB volatilization fluxes occurred when the Taiwan Warm Current with low PCB concentrations dominated in the ECS in summer. In comparison, the accumulation and release of some PCB homologues caused by a green tide in the coastal YS could lead to increased volatilization flux in summer. Our results suggest the transfer of air–sea exchange dynamics of PCBs from a water concentration‐dominated pattern to an environmental parameter‐controlled one due to their decreased land‐based input, and highlight the impact of water mass‐triggered changes (environmental parameters and algal blooms) on the air–sea exchange behavior of PCBs in the continental marginal sea.
Representation and Annual to Decadal Predictability of Euro‐Atlantic Weather Regimes in the CMIP6 Version of the EC‐Earth Coupled Climate Model
Authors: Delgado‐Torres C. , Verfaillie D. , Mohino E. , Donat M. G. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWeather regimes are large‐scale atmospheric circulation states that frequently occur in the climate system with persistence and recurrence, and are associated with the occurrence of specific local weather conditions. This study evaluates the representation of the four Euro‐Atlantic weather regimes in uninitialized historical forcing simulations and initialized decadal predictions performed with the EC‐Earth3 coupled climate model. The four weather regimes are the positive and negative phases of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO+ and NAO−, respectively), Blocking, and Atlantic Ridge in winter; and the NAO−, Blocking, Atlantic Ridge, and Atlantic Low in summer. We also analyze the impact that the model initialization toward the observed state of the climate system has on the ability to predict the variability of the weather regimes' seasonal frequency of occurrence. We find that the EC‐Earth3 model correctly reproduces the spatial patterns and climatological occurrence frequencies of the four weather regimes. By contrast, the skill in predicting the inter‐annual to decadal variations of the weather regimes' seasonal frequencies is generally low, and the initialization does not significantly improve such skill. The observed teleconnections between the weather regimes and the North Atlantic sea surface temperatures are generally not reproduced by the model, which could be a reason for the low skill in predicting the temporal variations of the weather regime frequencies.
Assimilation of Global Satellite Leaf Area Estimates Reduces Modeled Global Carbon Uptake and Energy Loss by Terrestrial Ecosystems
Authors: Fox Andrew M. , Huo Xueli , Hoar Timothy J. , Dashti Hamid , Smith William K. , MacBean Natasha , Anderson Jeffrey L. , Roby Matthew , Moore David J. P. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCarbon, water and energy exchange between the land and atmosphere controls how ecosystems either accelerate or ameliorate the effect of climate change. However, evaluating improvements to processes controlling carbon cycling, water use and energy exchange in global land surface models (LSMs) remains challenging in part because of persistent model errors in estimating leaf area. Here we evaluate the changes in global carbon, water and energy exchange brought about when a LSM prognostic estimates of leaf area are made consistent with estimates from satellites. This approach achieves two aims; first to quantify the effect of ignoring errors in leaf area index (LAI) on land‐atmosphere fluxes and second, to evaluate how closely this LSM replicates fluxes with and without an LAI constraint. We implemented an ensemble Kalman filter with spatiotemporal adaptive inflation to more closely match community land model (CLM5.0) estimates of leaf area to those from the Global Inventory Modeling and Mapping Studies leaf area index (LAI3g) product. We then evaluate the model's estimates of gross primary productivity (GPP) and latent heat flux (LE) against well established global estimates of these fluxes. We find that the model is biased high by 27% relative to the LAI3g product. Moreover, the effect of bias in LAI is substantial for GPP (18%) and LE (6%) and likely to confound efforts to refine processes controlling these fluxes. This data assimilation approach serves as a method to evaluate the efficacy of refinements to flux processes until the processes controlling the dynamics of LAI are better resolved in LSMs.