bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cooperative advertising in social networks with positive externalities
Authors: Liang Dong , Xie Jinxing , Zhu Wanshan , Zhao Xiaobo 
Published: December 2021

AbstractWe study the decisions of a supplier and retailer in a cooperative advertising program to sell divisible products to consumers in a social network with positive externalities. The supplier decides its participation rate, the retailer with a limited budget decides discriminative advertising expenditure for consumers, and consumers decide their purchase levels. In this study, we solve the subgame perfect equilibrium of the game between the supplier, retailer, and consumers. The equilibrium leads to a new demand function of advertising expenditure, which is different from those demand functions typically assumed in existing studies. In the equilibrium, the higher a consumer's network influence quantified by Bonacich centrality, the higher is the retailer's advertising expenditure on the consumer. We characterize the supplier's participation rate by two network‐dependent thresholds. If the retailer's budget level is lower than one threshold or higher than the other, the participation rate will not depend on the network structure. Although both parties' profits and the retailer's advertising expenditure increase with the network density, the supplier's participation rate decreases with it. Finally, the retailer's profits can be improved significantly by exploiting the network information and advertising cooperatively.
Toward efficient polynomial preconditioning for GMRES
Authors: Loe Jennifer A. , Morgan Ronald B. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractWe present a polynomial preconditioner for solving large systems of linear equations. The polynomial is derived from the minimum residual polynomial (the GMRES polynomial) and is more straightforward to compute and implement than many previous polynomial preconditioners. Our current implementation of this polynomial using its roots is naturally more stable than previous methods of computing the same polynomial. We implement further stability control using added roots, and this allows for high degree polynomials. We discuss the effectiveness and challenges of root‐adding and give an additional check for stability. In this article, we study the polynomial preconditioner applied to GMRES; however it could be used with any Krylov solver. This polynomial preconditioning algorithm can dramatically improve convergence for some problems, especially for difficult problems, and can reduce dot products by an even greater margin.
Improved performance of polyimide Cirlex‐based dielectric barrier discharge plasma actuators for flow control
Authors: Nunes‐Pereira João , Rodrigues Frederico Freire , Abdollahzadehsangroudi Mohammadmahdi , Páscoa José Carlos , Lanceros‐Mendez Senentxu 
Published: December 2021

AbstractDielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma actuators are simple electrohydrodynamic devices, which are able to provide effective aerodynamic control. One of the main components of these devices is the thin dielectric layer, which allows to separate and prevent the arc between the high‐voltage electrodes. Different materials can be used as dielectric layer to reduce the power consumption or boost the flow controlling effect of the actuators. In this context, this report presents a comparative study of two commercial polyimides, Kapton and Cirlex, used as dielectric layer of surface DBD plasma actuators. The electrical, dielectric, mechanical, electromechanical, and thermal properties were obtained to evaluate overall performance. It was verified that Cirlex (8.3 W) consumes less power than Kapton (21.3 W) to generate higher induced flow velocity of ≈3.4 m/s for an input voltage of 11 kVpp and 24 kHz. During one AC cycle at 11 kVpp the charge transferred for Cirlex (70 nC) is lower than for Kapton (100 nC), as well as the dielectric breakdown voltage to ignite the plasma discharge, 1.5 and 2.2 kVpp, respectively. The Cirlex DBD presents a higher voltage operation limit (at least 14 kVpp) and a more regular plasma discharge, which results in a more homogenous thermal profile and temperature distribution during its operation. The Cirlex actuator delivered higher mechanical power (6.2 mW) and achieved higher electromechanical efficiency (0.004%). The polyimide Cirlex proved to be a suitable alternative for Kapton to fabricate DBD plasma actuators for flow control with improved performance.
High‐throughput sequencing of peripheral blood for minimal residual disease monitoring in childhood precursor B‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia: A prospective feasibility study
Authors: Bartram Jack , Wright Gary , Adams Stuart , Archer Paul , Brooks Tony , Edwards Darren , Hancock Jerry , Knecht Henrik , Inglott Sarah , Mountjoy Edward , Roynane Marie , Wakeman Stephanie , Moppett John , Hubank Mike , Goulden Nick 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundMinimal residual disease (MRD) measured on end‐of‐induction bone marrow (BM) is the most important biomarker for guiding therapy in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Due to limited sensitivity of current approaches, peripheral blood (PB) is not a reliable source for identifying patients needing treatment changes. We sought to determine if high‐throughput sequencing (HTS) (next‐generation sequencing) of rearranged immunoglobulin and T‐cell receptor genes can overcome this and be used to measure MRD in PB.ProcedureWe employed a quantitative HTS approach to accurately measure MRD from one million cell equivalents of DNA from 17 PB samples collected at day 29 after induction therapy in patients with precursor B‐cell ALL. We compared these results to the gold‐standard real‐time PCR result obtained from their paired BM samples, median follow‐up 49 months.ResultsWith the increased sensitivity, detecting up to one abnormal cell in a million normal cells, we were able to detect MRD in the PB by HTS in all those patients requiring treatment intensification (MRD ≥ 0.005% in BM).ConclusionThis is proof of principle that using the increased sensitivity of HTS, PB can be used to measure MRD and stratify children with ALL. The method is cost effective, rapid, accurate, and reproducible, with inherent advantages in children. Importantly, increasing the frequency testing by PB as opposed to intermittent BM sampling may allow extension of the dynamic range of MRD, giving a more complete picture of the kinetics of disease remission while improving relapse prediction and speed of detection.
Resource‐appropriate selection of osteosarcoma treatment protocols in low‐ and middle‐income countries
Authors: Mailankody Sharada , Kumar Venkatesan Sampath , Khan Shah Alam , Banavali Shripad D. , Bajpai Jyoti 
Published: December 2021

AbstractOsteosarcoma is a rare malignancy; however, it is still the most common primary bone tumor in adolescents and young adults. Chemotherapy improves survival indubitably in osteosarcoma; nevertheless, the concern is the stagnant progress since the last several decades. There are a handful of active agents and unresolved issues, especially in choosing the ideal chemotherapy regimen. The oncology community is in equipoise regarding the position of high‐dose methotrexate (HDMTX), mandatory or adjunct. The choice of therapy becomes widely relevant, including in low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMIC), where HDMTX administration brings additional complexities. Research into novel non‐HDMTX‐based protocols adapted to the available resources is pivotal in improving disease outcomes, especially in LMIC. The current review focuses on real‐world challenges in decision‐making and provides a comprehensive overview of the evolution of treatment protocols in LMIC.
Malignant extracranial germ cell tumours: A first national report by the South African Children's Cancer Study Group
Authors: Hendricks Marc , Cois Annibale , Geel Jennifer , du Plessis Johan , Bassingthwaighte Mairi , Naidu Gita , Rowe Biance , Büchner Ané , Omar Fareed , Thomas Karla , Uys Ronelle , van Zyl Anel , van Heerden Jaques , Mahlachana Ngoakoana , Vermeulen Johani , Davidson Alan , Frazier A. Lindsay , Donald Kirsty , Kruger Mariana 
Published: December 2021

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the overall survival (OS) and prognostic factors influencing outcomes in children and adolescents with malignant extracranial germ cell tumours (MEGCTs) in preparation for the development of a harmonised national treatment protocol.MethodsA retrospective folder review was undertaken at nine South African paediatric oncology units to document patient profiles, tumour and treatment‐related data and outcomes for all children with biopsy‐proven MEGCTs from birth up to and including 16 years of age.ResultsBetween 1 January 2000 and 31 December 2015, 218 patients were diagnosed with MEGCTs. Female sex (hazard ratio [HR] 0.284, p = .037) and higher socio‐economic status (SES) (HR 0.071, p = .039) were associated with a significantly lower risk of death. Advanced clinical stage at diagnosis significantly affected 5‐year OS: stage I: 96%; stage II: 94.3%; stage III: 75.5% (p = .017) and stage IV (60.1%; p < .001). There was a significant association between earlier stage at presentation and higher SES (p = .03). Patients with a serum alpha‐fetoprotein (AFP) level of more than 33,000 ng/ml at diagnosis had significantly poorer outcomes (p = .002). The use of chemotherapy significantly improved survival, irrespective of the regimen used (p < .001).ConclusionsThe cohort demonstrated a 5‐year OS of 80.3% with an event‐free survival (EFS) of 75.3%. Stage, the use of chemotherapy and an elevated serum AFP level of more than 33,000 ng/ml were independently predictive of outcome. The relationship between SES and outcome is important as the implementation of the new national protocol hopes to standardise care across the socio‐economic divide.
Evaluation of conductivity and mechanical properties of natural fiber reinforced soy‐melamine formaldehyde based green composite
Authors: Behera Ajaya Kumar , Manna Suvendu 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThis article presents the preparation and characterization of jute‐based green composite using various concentrations of melamine formaldehyde modified soy resin. Highest tensile strength of 62.1 MPa was obtained for 50 wt.% melamine formaldehyde modified soy resin‐based jute‐composite due to formation of synergic bonding between melamine formaldehyde, soy protein and cellulose of jute. Other tensile and flexural properties were also enhanced with increase in melamine formaldehyde content from 0 to 50 wt.%. Storage modulus of developed composite (50 wt.%) was enhanced by 8.48 times as compared to that of soy‐jute composite (0 wt.% melamine formaldehyde). Water absorption of optimum composite was reduced by 45% than that of the normal jute‐soy composite. With increase in melamine formaldehyde content (0–100 wt.%), surface electrical insulation and fire retardance properties of composite were also enhanced drastically. Weight loss data and scanning electron microscopic images of degraded composites after 180 days under soil burial condition revealed that developed composites are bio‐degradable in nature and can replace non‐degradable plastic in different industrial sectors like railway coaches, packaging sector, decorative commodity material, and so on.
Alternating treatments designs: Interpretation challenges and design solutions for validating and comparing interventions
Authors: Skinner Christopher H. , McClurg Virginia , Crewdson Margaret , Coleman Mari Beth , Bennett Jade , Fowler Kristen , Killion J. Brooke 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to demonstrate and describe why alternating treatments design (ATD) researchers should consider employing a no‐treatment series during the alternating treatments phase. To identify limitations associated with excluding this design element, we obtained examples of ATD studies published in five school psychology journals published over 10 years. Next we read, scored, and analyzed these articles with our primary focus being authors' isolated and comparative effectiveness conclusions. After taking into account authors' relative effectiveness conclusions, we describe why some isolated treatment effectiveness conclusions may not be warranted because threats to internal validity were not controlled. Also, we describe how including a no‐treatment series during the alternating treatments phase can address these limitations by allowing researchers to assess and possibly rule out many threats to internal validity. Discussion focuses on how including this design element may increase the number of studies validating specific interventions, yield better relative effectiveness conclusions, and prevent researchers and consumers of research from concluding that an intervention was effective when observed changes were caused by uncontrolled threats to internal validity.
The relationships between oral reading fluency, sustained attention, working memory, and text comprehension in the third‐grade students
Authors: Kocaarslan Mustafa 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe aim of this study was to illuminate the relationships between the three components of oral reading fluency, sustained attention, working memory, and text comprehension in typically developing third‐grade students (N = 140). The findings of hierarchical regression analysis reveal that speed, accuracy, and prosody together significantly explained the variance in text comprehension after taking sustained attention and working memory into account. In the final model, in which all variables were included, only prosody uniquely contributed to text comprehension. The subsequent mediation analyses revealed that prosody had a full mediating role in the relationship between working memory and text comprehension. This finding suggests that via retention of phonological information in the working memory, prosody contributes to the comprehension of the text.
Urinary microRNAs can predict response to abiraterone acetate in castration resistant prostate cancer: A pilot study
Authors: Snipaitiene Kristina , Bakavicius Arnas , Lazutka Juozas R. , Ulys Albertas , Jankevicius Feliksas , Jarmalaite Sonata 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundDespite novel agents have been introduced to treat castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) during the last decade, up to one‐third of CRPC patients face primary resistance to new generation compounds. Therefore, sensitive molecular tools are urgently needed for reliable treatment selection and response prediction. This study aimed to evaluate urinary miRNAs and blood circulating androgen receptor (AR) transcript level as a tool for noninvasive outcome prediction for CRPC patients undergoing abiraterone acetate (AA) therapy.MethodsProstate cancer‐specific miR‐148a, ‐365, ‐375, and ‐429 were analyzed in 129 urine samples collected from 100 CRPC patients before and during AA therapy via quantitative reverse transcription PCR. To test the prognostic value, urinary miRNA levels alone, as well as combined with AR level were associated with progression‐free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS).ResultsLevel of urinary miR‐375 was the highest in CRPC in comparison to noncancerous controls, as well as in combination with miR‐429 was predictive for short PFS in AA‐treated patients (HR = 2.2, 95% CI: 1.1–4.2, p = 0.023). Especially high prognostic power of all analyzed miRNAs was observed in CRPC cases with high blood AR levels. For PFS prediction a tandem of miR‐429 and high AR reached HR of 5.0 (95% CI: 2.2–11.8, p < 0.001), while for prediction of OS the best combination was demonstrated by miR‐148a and AR with HR of 3.1 (95% CI: 1.4–7.1, p = 0.006).ConclusionsUrinary miRNAs could be used as prognostic biomarkers for CRPC patients to predict response to AA therapy, especially for the cases with high blood AR levels.
Impact of mpMRI targeted biopsy on intraoperative nerve‐sparing (NeuroSAFE) during robot‐assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy
Authors: Leitsmann Conrad , Uhlig Annemarie , Bremmer Felix , Mut Tuna Till , Ahyai Sascha , Reichert Mathias , Leitsmann Marianne , Trojan Lutz , Popeneciu Ionel‐Valentin 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of our study was to evaluate the impact of prostate biopsy technique (transrectal ultrasound (US)—prostate biopsy (PBx) versus multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) targeted prostate biopsy (MRI‐PBx) on intraoperative nerve‐sparing and the rate of secondary neurovascular‐bundle resection (SNR) in patients undergoing robot‐assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (RARP). A real‐time investigation with a frozen‐section examination (NeuroSAFE) microscopically excluded or confirmed prostate cancer invasion of the nerve structures resulting in preservation of the neurovascular bundle or SNR. Additionally, we analyzed risk factors related to SNR, such as longer operation time and postoperative complications.MethodsThe total study cohort was stratified according to non‐nerve‐sparing versus nerve‐sparing RARP. Patients with nerve‐sparing approach were then stratified according to biopsy technique (PBx vs. MRI‐PBx). Further, we compared PBx versus MRI‐PBx according to SNR rate.ResultsWe included a total of 470 consecutive patients, who underwent RARP for PCa at our institution between January 2016 and December 2019. Patients with a preoperative MRI‐PBx had a 2.12‐fold higher chance of successful nerve‐sparing (without SNR) compared to patients with PBx (p < 0.01). Patients with preoperative MRI‐PBx required 73% less intraoperative SNR compared to patients with PBx (p < 0.0001). Prior MRI‐PBx is thus a predictor for successful nerve‐sparing RARP approach.ConclusionPreoperative MRI‐PBx led to better oncological outcomes and less SNR. Young patients with good erectile function could benefit from a preoperative MRI‐PBx before nerve‐sparing RARP.
Idiopathic dendriform pulmonary ossification diagnosed by bronchoscopic lung cryobiopsy: A case report
Authors: Sekimoto Yasuhito , Nagata Yuichi , Kato Motoyasu , Arai Yuta , Fujimoto Yuichi , Takagi Haruhi , Shukuya Takehiko , Hayashi Takuo , Nagaoka Tetsutaro , Yoshioka Yasuko , Takahashi Kazuhisa 
Published: December 2021

AbstractDendriform pulmonary ossification (DPO) is a rare condition characterized by heterotopic bone production of unknown origin within the pulmonary tissue. Many cases are asymptomatic with slow progression and are often diagnosed incidentally during autopsy. Thus, only few cases are diagnosed while the patient is still alive since surgical lung biopsy is often needed for pathological diagnosis. This is the case of a 37‐year‐old man treated at our hospital due to abnormal findings on chest x‐ray without any symptoms. His high‐resolution computed tomography revealed diffuse reticular shadows and micronodules, consistent with calcification. He underwent transbronchial lung cryobiopsy (TBLC) and was diagnosed with idiopathic DPO based on pathological findings. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of DPO diagnosed using TBLC. TBLC can be a useful yet minimally invasive diagnostic tool to diagnose DPO and other interstitial lung diseases.
Marker‐free registration for intraoperative navigation using the transverse palatal rugae
Authors: Thiem Daniel G. E. , Seifert Lukas , Graef Julian , Al‐Nawas Bilal , Gielisch Matthias , Kämmerer Peer W. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundRegistration is most important in navigation‐assisted‐surgery including the matching between the coordinates of the actual patient space and the medical image. Marker‐based techniques mostly include marker application with subsequent radiography. In the edentulous patient, maker‐free methods are generally less accurate and reproducible.This new method of a marker‐free registration uses the transverse palatal rugae as registration structures.Methods(1) Segmentation of bone and hard palatal mucosa from initial 3D imaging (DICOM), (2) Maxillary intraoral‐scan with transfer to the 3D imaging using an Iterative‐Closest‐Point‐Algorithm (ICP), (3) Marking digital registration points with holes within IOS‐stl, (4) Transformation of the spatially aligned IOS‐stl to LabelMap and storage in DICOM (IOS‐DICOM), (5) Alignment of DICOM and IOS‐DICOM, (6) Controlled positioning of digital reg. points and clinical correlation.ResultsFiducial localization error (0.48 mm) and Target registration error (0.65 mm) is comparable to those of tooth‐supported registration methods.ConclusionThis approach of marker‐free registration for navigation‐assisted‐surgery could improve the treatment in edentulous patients avoiding additional imaging and invasive marker insertion.
A tutorial on generative adversarial networks with application to classification of imbalanced data
Authors: Huang Yuxiao , Fields Kara G. , Ma Yan 
Published: December 2021

AbstractA challenge unique to classification model development is imbalanced data. In a binary classification problem, class imbalance occurs when one class, the minority group, contains significantly fewer samples than the other class, the majority group. In imbalanced data, the minority class is often the class of interest (e.g., patients with disease). However, when training a classifier on imbalanced data, the model will exhibit bias towards the majority class and, in extreme cases, may ignore the minority class completely. A common strategy for addressing class imbalance is data augmentation. However, traditional data augmentation methods are associated with overfitting, where the model is fit to the noise in the data. In this tutorial we introduce an advanced method for data augmentation: generative adversarial networks (GANs). The advantages of GANs over traditional data augmentation methods are illustrated using the Breast Cancer Wisconsin study. To promote the adoption of GANs for data augmentation, we present an end‐to‐end pipeline that encompasses the complete life cycle of a machine learning project along with alternatives and good practices both in the paper and in a separate video. Our code, data, full results and video tutorial are publicly available in the paper's GitHub repository (https://github.com/yuxiaohuang/research/tree/master/gwu/accepted/sam_2021).
RIFLING: A reinforcement learning‐based GPU scheduler for deep learning research and development platforms
Authors: Chen Zhaoyun 
Published: December 2021

AbstractGPU platforms have been widely adopted in both academia and industry to support deep learning (DL) research and development (R&D). Compared with giant companies who favor custom‐designed AI platforms, most small‐and‐medium‐sized enterprises, institutes and universities (EIUs) prefer to build or rent a cost‐effective GPU cluster, usually in a limited‐scale, to process diverse DL R&D workloads. Therefore, more attention has been attracted by DL scheduling with the aim of improving the system efficiency and task performance. However, prior prediction‐based schedulers are limited in terms of their prediction accuracy and profiling overhead. Accordingly, in this article, we propose a reinforcement learning (RL)‐based online GPU scheduler,RIFLING, to model the scheduling problem as an online decision‐making process. Scheduling decisions are made according to Q‐learning, which is a typical RL method.RIFLINGcan achieve high scheduling efficiency based on the online exploring and exploiting of diverse scheduling strategies for various DL workloads, without the need for expensive offline profiling or sophisticated prediction model. We implementRIFLINGas a plugin of Tensorflow, and deploy it on a distributed GPU cluster. Experiments demonstrate thatRIFLINGachieves up to 47.8% reductions and 19.6% improvements in makespan and average normalized processing rate respectively compared to the best available baseline without any manual intervention.