bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pemanfaatan Kayu Sonokeling Sebagai Bahan Baku Pembuatan Bars Xylophone
Authors: Latif Bakhrudin 
Published: March 2022

Xylophone adalah salah satu instrumen musik perkusi yang digunakan dalam proses belajar mengajar praktik di Jurusan Musik ISI Yogyakarta, instrumen musik ini biasa digunakan pada Mata Kuliah Instrumen Mayor/Solois, Mata Kuliah Ansambel maupun Mata Kuliah Orkes. Selain digunakan sebagai instrumen perkuliahan, Xylophone juga digunakan dalam kegiatan Drum Band dan Marching Band. Pada umumnya nada-nada Xylophone terdiri dari nada F3 sampai nada C7 dengan jumlah bars 44 buah. Penalaan nada atau penyelarasan bunyi Xylophone produksi pabrik adalah nada A4 pada frekwensi 442 Hz. Pembuatan bars yang dilakukan oleh produsen Xylophone komersil/merk pabrik, menggunakan bahan baku kayu Honduran Rosewood. Dengan mengetahui bahwa di Indonesia memiliki kayu jenis rosewood yang dikenal dengan nama kayu sonokeling atau Indian Rosewood, maka diperlukannya tindakan pemanfaatan kayu sonokeling sebagai alternatif kayu dalam pembuatan bars Xylophone. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kelayakan kayu sonokeling jika digunakan sebagai bahan baku pembuatan bars Xylophone, yaitu mengetahui cara penalaan atau penyelarasan nada bars Xylophone berbahan baku kayu sonokeling. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif yang bersifat deskriptif. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini adalah peneliti yang melakukan pembuatan bars Xylophone dan narasumber dari praktisi perkusi yang berdomisili di Yogyakarta. Analisis data memiliki empat tahap yaitu pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data, penarikan kesimpulan dan verifikasi. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Hasil yang dari penelitian ini adalah menghasilkan produk bars Xylophone menggunakan bahan baku kayu sonokeling yang nadanya bisa dilaraskan sesuai dengan nada-nada Xylophone yaitu nada F3 sampai dengan nada C7 seperti Xylophone produk komersil, juga menghasilkan produk bars Xylophone yang harganya lebih murah dari pada harga Xylophone produk komersil.
Bordah Traditional Music as A Local Wisdom On Malay Society Wedding Ceremony Coastal North Labuhanbatu Regency
Authors: Hasanah Lailatul , Suroso Panji , Siburian Esra 
Published: March 2022

This study aims to determine the existence, functions and values of local wisdom of traditional music at the wedding ceremony bordah coastal communities wither North Labuhan Batu Regency. The theory used is the theory that relate to research topics such as the theory of existence, the theory of functions, traditional music theory, the theory of the wedding ceremony and the theory of values Local Wisdom. This study uses qualitative descriptive method where the data is examined through the collection of data in the form of photographs and videos, scientific papers, as well as the expert opinion in the material based on the research topic. The results showed that the presence of traditional music bordah is a traditional art in the form of poetry, music, dance and customs, the wedding ceremony. Bordah displayed on Regent Cup Festival activities, Hagaf, Thanksgiving child's birth and circumcision ceremony. Bordah functions of traditional music as entertainment, as Iringin, means of communication, expression of gratitude, the continuity of culture and a means of self-expression. Local wisdom values bordah traditional music at the wedding ceremony coastal communities wither North Labuhan Batu district: religious values, the value of art, solidarity, tolerance, the value of harmony and peace, the value of modesty, the economic value and the value of education. Keywords : Existence, Function Music, Local Wisdom, Bordah.
Do words transform into actions? The consistency of central banks? communications and decisions
Authors: Szyszko Magdalena , Rutkowska Aleksandra 
Published: March 2022

Research background: This study investigates central banks? (CB) intentions as reflected in their minutes and their relationship with policy decisions. Although CB communication is an inherent part of their inflation targeting (IT) strategy, their communication does not necessarily result in actions.
Purpose of the article: This study aims to extract policy intentions from central bank minutes and juxtapose these with actual policy decisions to investigate the consistency of their words and deeds in a comparative context. Additionally, we compare the applicability of three dictionaries in policy communication assessments.
Methods: Computational linguistics and textual methods are applied to create proxies for tone from a large dataset of texts. A transformation of words into time series involves the application of a general economic dictionary and two monetary policy-adjusted dictionaries. We examine the association between tone and actual CB decisions with the eta squared coefficient. The research covers 15 European CBs, divided into three subgroups according to the CB experience in inflation targeting. The sample starting points differ as they relate to each country?s IT implementation year; the analysis ends in mid-2019.
Findings & value added: This paper?s value added is firstly methodological, as we test three dictionaries to determine their usefulness. Statistical and qualitative analysis allows us to conclude about superiority of monetary policy specific lexicons for this kind of studies. The extra value added is about the study?s coverage: it covers a large sample and provides a broader illustration compared to most previous examinations. Our results suggest that a relationship exists between communications and actions, although the weakest for late joiners to IT. The latter group of CBs needs to strengthen communication practices. In experienced inflation targeters the short run dimension of credibility exists and opens the room for creating effective monetary policy in terms of managing the expectations of a general audience.
Determinants of corruption: a panel data analysis of Visegrad countries
Authors: Linhartová Veronika , Halásková Martina 
Published: March 2022

Research background: Corruption is a phenomenon that has no borders, thus hindering the proper functioning of the social, economic, and legal systems of a given state. As the rankings assessing the level of corruption in various countries show, transition economies are more vulnerable to corruption than countries that have not undergone changes in the political and economic order. The Visegrad group is an example of such countries. Despite their efforts, these countries? governments have yet to match the evaluation of corruption indices for developed European countries.
Purpose of the article: This study analyses the determinants of corruption in Visegrad countries to identify which determinants are the most impactful and thus should be the focus of Visegrad countries?governments when creating anti-corruption policies.
Methods: Data for the period 1996?2019 from the databases of the World Bank, Transparency International, and the European Central Bank were used for panel data analysis. The study uses a comprehensive set of economic, socio-cultural, and political determinants that can influence corruption. The purpose of this large set of variables is to prevent possible distortion owing to omitted variables.
Findings & value added: The results of the analysis of panel data show the main determinants of corruption in Visegrad countries are economic, political, and socio-cultural (phase of economic development, openness of the economy, size of the public sector, degree of urbanization, and women's share in the labour force). A significant effect was also demonstrated in the case of regulatory quality and public sector wages. The findings can serve as a valuable resource for policymakers to develop government policies in individual countries and to implement effective anti-corruption tools.
Regional smart specialisations in the light of dynamic changes in the employment structure: the case of a region in Poland
Authors: Kudełko Joanna , Żmija Katarzyna , Żmija Dariusz 
Published: March 2022

Research background: Among the determinants of the socio-economic development of the region, an important role is played by its endogenous potential. It is reflected in the industry structure of the region, formed in the process of its historical development. The industry structure is the basis for the development of regional specialisations. One of the criteria for defining specialisations is the employment structure by sections and divisions of the national economy. The definition of regional specialisations is indispensable for planning the development policy and for formulating regional strategies.
Purpose of the article: The main objective of the paper is the analysis and evaluation of employment structure as a criterion for the delimitation of industries identified as smart specialisations in the region. The study covers the case of selected region in Poland at NUTS-2 level ? the voivodeship of Małopolska.
Methods: The study is based on GUS unpublished data (Statistics Poland) for 2009 and 2018. It makes use of descriptive statistical analysis methods and structure and dynamics ratios, as well as Florence?s specialisation coefficient.
Findings & value added: The research has shown that the employment structure indicating the presence of the region's specialisation in given industries is an important, but not sufficient criterion for the evaluation, whether the delimitation of industries recognized as smart specialisations was appropriate. In the light of the conducted research, it seems fully justified to grant the status of smart specialisation in Małopolska to Information and Communication Technologies as well as to Creative and Leisure Industries. In the context of changes to employment dynamics and structures, the possible development-oriented smart specialisations are as follows: Manufacture of metals and metal products, Electronics and machine industry, and Chemistry. On the other hand, the identified specialisations: Life science and Sustainable energy are not in line with changes in the region?s employment structure. The paper proposes one of the possible ways of precise identification of distinctive regional industries with high development potential. The structure of employment and changes occurring in this area make it possible to determine the main forces of the region's endogenous potential, and thus may form the basis for the determination, and in the longer term, assessment of the relevance of identified regional smart specialisations. The added value of the study is, therefore, an attempt to assess, on the example of a selected region, to what extent changes in regional specialisations reflected in the existing employment structure confirm the accuracy of the selection of industries identified as regional smart specialisations. The presented case is an exemplification of the proposed method, which can also be successfully applied to other European regions.
Barriers to gaining support: a prospect of entrepreneurial activity of family and non-family firms in Poland
Authors: Domańska Ada , Zajkowski Robert 
Published: March 2022

Research background: This paper explores the approach that focuses on entrepreneurial activities suppressed by restraining forces or different barriers. We investigated a particular type of obstacles reported by entrepreneurs, i.e., those which prevented their gaining access to support instruments. This paper delved into the specificity of family businesses and explained why perceptions of access to support could differ between family and non-family firms.
Purpose of the article: This paper seeks to identify the differences between family and non-family businesses in terms of their perceptions of different barriers that hinder access to support instruments.
Methods: The main research processes were based on logistic regression models with a dependent variable: 0 for a non-family firm and 1 for a family firm. As dependent variables 13 barriers to the access of public support instruments were adopted. The study was conducted on a sample of 386 Polish business entities.
Findings & value added: The results confirmed the existence of differences between family and non-family businesses in perceptions of barriers towards gaining support in entrepreneurial endeavours. Obstacles, such as overly-complex bureaucratic procedures and requirements, lack of access to information disseminated by business support institutions, and complicated support settlement procedures, were perceived as far less crucial by family businesses than non-family businesses. Family businesses demonstrated a lower propensity to use real property as collateral for transactions. Additionally, family businesses with financial resources that overlap with their own familial resources declared that they found it easier to make their own contributions to satisfy the requirements for support programmes or services. This paper makes several novel and significant contributions to the field. First, we add to existing research focusing exclusively on family entrepreneurial activity by drawing a comparison between family and non-family firms in terms of the perceived barriers towards gaining support. Second, we address different types of barriers. Our findings provide further evidence that different types of businesses perceive certain types of barriers differently. Third, we extend current knowledge on family businesses study in Poland.
Multiobjective optimization of fluphenazine nanocomposite formulation using NSGA-II method
Authors: Abu Sharar Ahmed Adnan , Ramadan Saleem Z. , Hussein-Al-Ali Samer Hasan 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The World Health Organization (WHO, 2019) reports that schizophrenia affects approximately 20 million people worldwide, and the annual number of new cases is estimated at 1.5%/10,000 people. As a result, there is a demand for making the relevant medicines work better. Using a fluphenazine (FZN) drug delivery system that has been optimized using nanoparticles (NPs) technology is an important alternative treatment option for noncompliant patients with schizophrenia. Compared to the conventional delivery system, the NPs delivery system provides a controlled-release treatment, minimizes drug levels reaching the blood, and has fewer side effects as well. As a result of using the NPs delivery system, patients can obtain the benefits of reduced daily dosing and improved compliance. In this context, this study was performed to develop a mathematical model for FZN to optimize its nanocomposite delivery system using a mixture-process DoE and multiobjective optimization (MOO) approaches. The influences of NPs input fabrication parameters [i.e., FZN percentage, chitosan (CS) percentage, sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) percentage, and pH] were investigated by mixture-designed experiments and analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA); subsequently, based on the results of the analysis, three regression models were built for size, zeta potential (ZP), and drug loading efficiency (LE%); and thereafter, these models were validated using 26 experiments with three replicates. The MOO approach was employed using a non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II) to provide the optimal fitness value of each objective function by minimizing NPs size, maximizing ZP, and maximizing LE%. Test of hypotheses showed no statistical differences between the average observed values and the corresponding predicted values calculated by the regression models (126.6 nm, 18.7 mV, and 91.6%, respectively). As there is no benchmark available for the optimal NPs input fabrication parameters in the literature, the optimized formulation was further characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), polydispersity index (PdI), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Those tests indicated that FZN was successfully encapsulated into the final nanocomposite. Furthermore, an in-vitro drug release study was carried out and showed that at least 5 days would be needed for FZN to be fully released from its nanocomposite in a sustained-release pattern. The nanocomposite could serve as a model for the controlled and extended delivery of many drugs.
Potential value of pleth variability index in intraoperative fluid management of geriatric surgical patients
Authors: ORHON ERGÜN Meliha , ZENGİN Seniyye , BİLGİLİ Beliz , UMUROĞLU Tümay 
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND: This study was designed to determine the effects of PVI-guided monitoring on the optimal intravascular volume replacement during hip and knee arthroplasty in geriatric patients, and whether using PVI could reduce blood transfusion and vasopressor requirements.
METHODS: One-hundred geriatric patients who underwent elective hip and knee arthroplasty were included, assigned to either PVI group (volume replacement was PVI guided) or to a control group (volume replacement was based on traditional methods). Perioperative hemodynamic parameters, infusion rate of crystalloids, colloids, blood/blood products, ephedrine hydrochloride requirements and perioperative urine outputs were recorded.
RESULTS: Crystalloid infusion rate was higher (9.5 vs. 6.8 ml/kg/h, p
CARA MUDAH PAHAMI PENGADAAN TANAH UNTUK PEMBANGUNAN MELALUI KONSEP 3 IN 1 IN THE LAND ACQUISITION / HOW TO EASILY UNDERSTAND LAND PROCUREMENT FOR DEVELOPMENT USING 3 IN 1 IN THE LAND ACQUISITION CONCEPT
Authors: MULIAWAN JAROT WIDYA 
Published: March 2022

Pada setiap kegiatan pembangunan, ketersediaan tanah untuk lahan pembangunan sering menjadi kendala. Kendala dihadapi karena tanah merupakan sumber daya alam yang bersifat terbatas, terutama tanah negara juga sudah sangat terbatas persediaannya. Untuk menyediakan lahan tersebut maka perlu dilakukan pengadaan. Pengadaan tanah adalah kegiatan menyediakan tanah dengan cara memberi ganti kerugian yang layak dan adil kepada pihak yang berhak. Pengadaan tanah didasarkan atas adanya kepentingan umum yaitu kepentingan bangsa, negara, dan masyarakat yang harus diwujudkan oleh pemerintah dan digunakan sebesar-besarnya untuk kemakmuran rakyat. Salah satu permasalahan yang sering terjadi dalam pengadaan tanah karena kurangnya pemahaman instansi terkait dan juga masyarakat dalam memahami mekanisme dan prinsip-prinsip Pengadaan Tanah untuk Pembangunan bagi Kepentingan Umum tersebut. Pengadaan tanah dapat dipahami melalui konsep 3 in 1 in the Land Acquisition untuk mempermudah kegiatan Pengadaan Tanah Bagi Pembangunan untuk Kepentingan Umum. Konsep 3 in 1 in the Land Acquisition merupakan kegiatan perolehan tanah dari awal sampai akhir atau dari hulu ke hilir yang akhirnya bermuara pada tiga titik yaitu titik start yaitu aspek perizinan (penetapan lokasi), titik decision yaitu aspek penguasaan tanah (pelepasan hak) dan titik product yaitu aspek sertifikasi tanah.In every development activity, the availability of land for development land is often an obstacle. Constraints are faced because land is a limited natural resource, especially state land which has very limited supply. To provide the land, it is necessary to procure. Land acquisition is an activity to provide land by giving reasonable and fair compensation to the rightful parties. Land acquisition is based on the existence of public interests, namely the interests of the nation, state, and society which must be realized by the government and used as much as possible for the prosperity of the people. One of the problems that often occurs in land acquisition is due to a lack of understanding of the relevant agencies and the community in understanding the mechanism and principles of Land Acquisition for Development in the Public Interest. Land acquisition can be understood through the 3 in 1 concept in the Land Acquisition to facilitate Land Acquisition activities for Development in the Public Interest. The 3 in 1 concept in the Land Acqusition is land acquisition activities from beginning to end or from upstream to downstream which ultimately leads to three points, namely the starting point, namely the licensing aspect (location determination), the decision point, namely the land tenure aspect (release of rights) and point product, namely the aspect of land certification.
DISKRESI DAN TANGGUNG JAWAB PEJABAT PEMERINTAHAN MENURUT UNDANG-UNDANG ADMINISTRASI PEMERINTAHAN / DISCRETION AND RESPONSBILITY OF GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS BASED ON LAW OF STATE ADMINISTRATION
Authors: ENDANG M. IKBAR ANDI 
Published: March 2022

Berdasarkan prinsip negara hukum dan prinsip kedaulatan rakyat, segala bentuk keputusan dan/atau tindakan administrasi pemerintahan (diskresi) harus berdasarkan atas hukum dan kedaulatan rakyat yang merupakan refleksi dari Pancasila sebagai ideologi negara. Sedangkan pada keadaan dewasa ini, pemerintahan memiliki kebijakan agar tidak ada upaya kriminalisasi terhadap kebijakan (diskresi) dalam penyelenggaraan proyek strategis nasional karena dapat menghambat proses kemajuan pembangunan nasional. Undang-Undang Nomor 30 Tahun 2014 Tentang Administrasi Pemerintahan (UUAP) lahir untuk mengisi kekosongan hukum yang menjadi dasar perlindungan terhadap pengambilan keputusan dan/atau tindakan (diskresi) dari badan dan/atau pejabat pemerintahan dan untuk mencegah penyalahgunaan wewenang dalam penggunaan diskresi itu sendiri. Oleh karenanya UUAP mengatur dikresi dengan ruang lingkupnya, persyaratan, prosedur penggunaan dan akibat hukum serta pertanggung jawabannya.Based on state of law and sovereignty of the people principles, all forms of decisions and/or actions for state administrations (discretions) must be based on the law and sovereignty of the people which are reflections of Five Principles (Pancasila) as the state ideology. Currently, the government has a policy to prevent criminalization of policies (discretions) in conducting national strategic projects because it can inhibit national development advancement processes. Law number 30 in 2014 concerning State Administration (UUAP) was born to meet a legal standing as the protection for decision making and/or action (discretion) from state institutions and/or government officials and to prevent authority abuse in using the discretion itself. Therefore, UUAP regulates discretion along with its environments, requirements, procedures of uses, legal effects, and its person in charge.