bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TALEN‐mediated depletion of the mitochondrial gene orf312 proves that it is a Tadukan‐type cytoplasmic male sterility‐causative gene in rice
Authors: Takatsuka Ayumu , Kazama Tomohiko , Arimura Shin‐ichi , Toriyama Kinya 
Published: February 2022

SUMMARYCytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) is a trait that causes pollen or anther dysfunctions, resulting in the lack of seed setting. CMS is considered to be caused by the expression of a unique mitochondrial open reading frame referred to as CMS‐associated gene. orf312 has been reported as a CMS‐associated gene of Tadukan‐type CMS (TAA) in rice (Oryza sativa L.), which exhibits impaired anther dehiscence; however, evidence thereof has not yet been reported. Here, we took a loss‐of‐function approach, using a mitochondria‐targeted transcription activator‐like effector nuclease (mitoTALEN) designed to knock out orf312 in TAA, to prove that orf312 indeed is a CMS‐causative gene. Out of 28 transgenic TAA plants harboring the mitoTALEN expression vector, deletion of orf312 was detected in 24 plants by PCR, Southern blot, and sequencing analyses. The 24 plants were grouped into three groups based on the deleted regions. All orf312‐depleted TAA plants exhibited recovery of anther dehiscence and seed setting. The depletion of orf312 and fertility restoration was maintained in the next generation, even in mitoTALEN expression cassette null segregants. In contrast, orf312‐retaining plants were sterile. These results provide robust evidence that orf312 is a Tadukan‐type CMS‐causative gene.
Histone ubiquitination controls organ size in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum)
Authors: Wang Pengcheng , Guo Kai , Su Qian , Deng Jinwu , Zhang Xianlong , Tu Lili 
Published: February 2022

SUMMARYUbiquitination plays a vital role in modifying protein activity and destiny. Ub‐conjugating enzyme E2 is one of the enzymes that participates in this precise process. There are at least 169 E2 proteins in the allotetraploid cotton (Gossypium hirsutum), but their function remains unknown. Here we identify an E2 gene GhUBC2L and show its positive role in cell proliferation and expansion. Complete knock‐down of GhUBC2L in cotton resulted in retarded growth and reduced organ size. Conversely, overexpression of GhUBC2L promoted cotton growth, generating enlarged organs in size. Monoubiquitination of H2A and H2B was strongly impaired in GhUBC2L‐suppressed cotton but slightly enhanced in GhUBC2L‐overexpressed plant. GhUbox8, a U‐box type E3 ligase protein, was found to interact with GhUBC2L both in vivo and in vitro, indicating their synergistical function in protein ubiquitination. Furthermore, GhUbox8 was shown to interact with a series of histone proteins, including histone H2A and H2B, indicating its potential monoubiquitination on H2A and H2B. Expression of genes relating to cell cycle and organ development were altered when the expression of GhUBC2L was changed. Our results show that GhUBC2L modulates histone monoubiquitination synergistically with GhUbox8 to regulate the expression of genes involved in organ development and cell cycle, thus controlling organ size in cotton. This research provides new insights into the role of protein ubiquitination in organ size control. Histone monoubiquitination plays an important role in plant development. Here, we identified an E2 enzyme GhUBC2L that modulates histone monoubiquitination synergistically with an E3 ligase GhUbox8 to mediate organ size control in cotton.
Identification of novel regulators required for early development of vein pattern in the cotyledons by single‐cell RNA‐sequencing
Authors: Liu Zhixin , Wang Jiajing , Zhou Yaping , Zhang Yixin , Qin Aizhi , Yu Xiaole , Zhao Zihao , Wu Rui , Guo Chenxi , Bawa George , Rochaix Jean‐David , Sun Xuwu 
Published: February 2022

SUMMARYThe leaf veins of higher plants contain a highly specialized vascular system comprised of xylem and phloem cells that transport water, organic compounds and mineral nutrients. The development of the vascular system is controlled by phytohormones that interact with complex transcriptional regulatory networks. Before the emergence of true leaves, the cotyledons of young seedlings perform photosynthesis that provides energy for the sustainable growth and survival of seedlings. However, the mechanisms underlying the early development of leaf veins in cotyledons are still not fully understood, in part due to the complex cellular composition of this tissue. To better understand the development of leaf veins, we analyzed 14 117 single cells from 3‐day‐old cotyledons using single‐cell RNA sequencing. Based on gene expression patterns, we identified 10 clusters of cells and traced their developmental trajectories. We discovered multiple new marker genes and developmental features of leaf veins. The transcription factor networks of some cell types indicated potential roles of CYCLING DOF FACTOR 5 (CDF5) and REPRESSOR OF GA (RGA) in the early development and function of the leaf veins in cotyledons. These new findings lay a foundation for understanding the early developmental dynamics of cotyledon veins. The mechanisms underlying the early development of leaf veins in cotyledons are still not fully understood. In this study, we comprehensively characterized the early differentiation and development of leaf veins in 3‐day‐old cotyledons based on single‐cell transcriptome analysis. We identified the cell types and novel marker genes of leaf veins and characterized the novel regulators of leaf vein.
Acute and chronic cardiac adaptations in adults born preterm
Authors: Lewandowski Adam J. 
Published: February 2022

New Findings

What is the topic of this review?
Studies using cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging and echocardiography to investigate cardiac alterations at rest and during exercise‐induced physiological stress in adults born preterm.

What advances does it highlight?
People born preterm have a greater long‐term cardiovascular risk, which may be explained in part by their cardiac structural and functional alterations. They have potentially adverse alterations in left and right ventricular structure and function that worsens with blood pressure elevation; an impaired myocardial functional reserve; and an increase in diffuse myocardial fibrosis that may drive their lower diastolic function.

AbstractPreterm birth accounts for more than 10% of births worldwide and associates with a long‐term increase in cardiovascular disease risk. The period around preterm birth is a rapid and critical phase of cardiovascular development, which might explain why changes in multiple components of the cardiovascular system have been observed in individuals born preterm. These alterations include reduced microvascular density, increased macrovascular stiffness, and higher systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Cardiac alterations have been observed in people born preterm as early as neonatal life and infancy, with potentially adverse changes in both left and right ventricular structure and function extending into adulthood. Indeed, studies using cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging and echocardiography have demonstrated that preterm‐born individuals have structural cardiac changes and functional impairments. Furthermore, myocardial tissue characterization by cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging has demonstrated an increase in left ventricular diffuse myocardial fibrosis in young adults born preterm, and under acute physiological stress, their myocardial functional reserve assessed by echocardiography is reduced. The preterm heart is also more susceptible to chronic systolic blood pressure elevation, with a significantly greater increase in left ventricular mass as systolic blood pressure rises observed in preterm‐born compared to term‐born young adults. Given these known, potentially adverse acute and chronic cardiac adaptations in the preterm‐born population, primary prevention strategies are needed to reduce long‐term cardiovascular disease risk in this subgroup of the population.
Reactive hyperaemia augments local heat‐induced skin hyperaemia
Authors: Lima Natalia S. , Lefferts Elizabeth C. , Clifford Philip S. 
Published: February 2022

New Findings
What is the central question of this study?
It is valuable to be able to monitor disease‐ or treatment‐related changes in the microcirculation. Laser Doppler flowmetry with local heating allows non‐invasive monitoring of the skin microcirculation and its ability to vasodilate. Does reactive hyperaemia augment the increase in skin blood flow elicited by local heating?
What is the main finding and its importance?
The addition of reactive hyperaemia to local heating results in greater vasodilatation than heating alone. Thus, reactive hyperaemia can augment local heat‐induced hyperaemia in the skin.AbstractThe skin circulation has been proposed as a model of generalized microvascular function that could be monitored non‐invasively using laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF). The response to heat hyperaemia (HH) is commonly used to monitor disease‐ or treatment‐related changes in microvascular function. We hypothesized that reactive hyperaemia would augment the increase in skin blood flow elicited by local heating. Fourteen healthy young adults were subjected to three different conditions: reactive hyperaemia (RH; skin temperature controlled at 33°C), heat hyperaemia (HH; 42°C held for 40 min) and HH+RH. Two Peltier‐controlled thermomodules with LDF probes were placed on the right forearm to monitor skin blood flow continuously. A cuff was placed on the right upper arm to elicit RH by inflation to 220 mmHg for 5 min. This procedure was performed with the skin temperature at 33°C and again after 40 min of local heating to 42°C. Beat‐by‐beat mean arterial pressure (MAP) obtained by a photoplethysmographic sensor on the middle finger of the left hand allowed calculation of cutaneous vascular conductance (CVC) as LDF/MAP. Both HH and RH increased LDF (P < 0.0001 and P < 0.0001, respectively) and CVC (P = 0.0001 and P < 0.0001, respectively) above baseline values. The LDF and CVC values were significantly higher during HH+RH when compared with RH or HH alone (P < 0.0001). In summary, HH+RH resulted in greater vasodilatation when compared with HH or RH alone. These results indicate that RH can augment local heat‐induced hyperaemia in the skin.
Association between effective neural drive to the triceps surae and fluctuations in plantar‐flexion torque during submaximal isometric contractions
Authors: Mazzo Melissa R. , Holobar Aleš , Enoka Roger M. 
Published: February 2022

New Findings

What is the central question of this study?
What is the association between the fluctuations in various estimates of effective neural drive to the triceps surae muscles and fluctuations in net plantar‐flexion torque during steady submaximal contractions?

What is the main finding and its importance?
The fluctuations in estimates of effective neural drive to the triceps surae were moderately correlated with fluctuations in net torque at light and moderate plantar‐flexion torques. Significant variability was observed in the association between neural drive and torque across participants, trials, short epochs of individual contractions and varying motor unit number.

AbstractThe influence of effective neural drive on low‐frequency fluctuations in torque during steady contractions can be estimated from the cumulative spike train (CST) or first principal component (FPC) of smoothed motor unit discharge rates obtained with high‐density electromyography. However, the association between these estimates of total neural drive to synergist muscles and the fluctuations in net torque has not been investigated. We exposed the variability and compared the correlations between estimates of effective neural drive to the triceps surae muscles and fluctuations in plantar‐flexion torque during steady contractions at 10% and 35% of maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) torque. Both neural drive estimates were moderately correlated with torque (CST, 0.55 ± 0.14; FPC, 0.58 ± 0.16) and highly correlated with one another (0.81 ± 0.1) during the 30‐s steady contractions. There was substantial variability in cross‐correlation values across participants, trials, and the 1‐ and 5‐s epochs of single contractions. Moreover, epoch duration significantly influenced cross‐correlation values. Motor unit number was weakly associated with cross‐correlation strength at 35% MVC (marginal R2 0.09–0.11; all P < 2.2 × 10–5), but not at 10% MVC (all P > 0.37). Approximately, one‐fifth of the variance in the coefficient of variation (CV) for torque was explained by CV for the CST estimate of the neural drive (P = 6.6 × 10–13, R2 = 0.21). Estimates of total neural drive to the synergistic triceps surae muscles obtained by pooling motor unit discharge times were moderately correlated with fluctuations in net plantar‐flexion torque.
Autoeficacia del profesorado de matemáticas colombiano en relación con su autopercepción laboral y con otras variables
Authors: Perochena González Paola , Cárdenas Lizarazo Janeth Amparo , Mosquera Gende Ingrid , Guerrero Barona Eloísa 
Published: February 2022

El objetivo del estudio fue identificar si algunas variables sociodemográficas, laborales y de autopercepción laboral que influyen en los niveles de autoeficacia docente, y sus dimensiones, percibidos por los profesores de matemáticas de Educación Secundaria de Bogotá. Un total de 211 profesores de diferentes localidades de esta ciudad (sexo: 46 % femenino y 54 % masculino, edad: X = 42, DE = 10.19) respondieron a un cuestionario ad hoc y al Teachers Sense of Efficacy Scale. Los análisis descriptivos muestran que la mayoría de los profesores tienen altos niveles de autoeficacia docente en dos de las tres dimensiones: el manejo de la clase (72.1 %) en las estrategias de enseñanza (68.2 %), y la implicación de sus estudiantes (49.3 %). Los análisis inferenciales (U-Mann Whitney y H-Kruskal Wallis) permiten reconocer que la localidad en la que se trabaja, las expectativas laborales, el compromiso laboral y el querer cambiar de ocupación influyen en algunas dimensiones de autoeficacia docente, en especial la autoeficacia sobre la implicación de sus estudiantes (p < 0.05). Como conclusión se destaca la importancia de desarrollar programas de intervención psicoeducativa para el desarrollo de habilidades de afrontamiento y de empoderamiento que les permita cambiar sus creencias y mejorar la capacidad de influir en el compromiso de los estudiantes.
Conocimiento de maestros en servicio y en formación sobre resolución de problemas aritméticos
Authors: Ramos Marta , Rosales Javier , Vicente Santiago 
Published: February 2022

Generalmente, la enseñanza de la resolución de problemas aritméticos en el aula se caracteriza por la escasa incidencia en el razonamiento. Uno de los motivos podría ser el tipo de conocimiento matemático que han desarrollado los profesores acerca del propio proceso de resolución durante su ejercicio profesional. En el presente trabajo, se analizan las diferencias en la orientación, la coherencia y la explicitud del conocimiento en resolución de problemas aritméticos de 109 maestros (60.55 % mujeres y 39.45 % hombres) en servicio y en formación (experiencia: M = 19.22, DE =10.01). Mediante una entrevista estructurada, los maestros seleccionaron un tipo de problema, un modelo de resolución y un ejemplo de interacción de entre dos opciones en cada caso (con ayudas al razonamiento o sin ayudas), según cuál considerasen más conveniente para enseñar a los alumnos a resolver problemas, argumentando su respuesta. Los resultados indicaron que los maestros en servicio mostraron una orientación a las opciones sin razonamiento, fueron más coherentes en sus elecciones en las tres tareas (problemas, modelos e interacción), y sus argumentos fueron más explícitos que los de los maestros en formación. Como conclusión, sería recomendable enriquecer el conocimiento matemático de los maestros en relación con la resolución de problemas aritméticos.
PANAS Internacional Revisado: Propiedades psicométricas en una muestra internacional latina
Authors: Ruiz-Pérez José Ignacio , Melo-González Vanessa , Velandia-Amaya Sergio Nicolás , Rodríguez-Mesa Luz Stella , Velázquez Monroy César Alfonso 
Published: February 2022

El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar las propiedades psicométricas de una versión corta revisada del PANAS (Thompson, 2007), en el marco de una investigación más amplia sobre el impacto psicosocial de la pandemia por COVID-19. Se contó con una muestra internacional, especialmente de sujetos de: 1) Colombia (72 %), 2) Brasil (9.5 %), 3) otros países latinoamericanos (12.1 %) y 4) de otros países, europeos, EE. UU. y Canadá (6.31 %). Como resultados, el IPANAS-R tuvo unos coeficientes alfa de 0.82 y omega de 0.83, sin diferencias significativas entre submuestras de acuerdo al coeficiente de Feld. Un análisis paralelo y otro factorial exploratorio muestran una solución satisfactoria de dos dimensiones, con coeficientes: RSMEA: 0.079, RMSR: 0.042, CFI: 0.949 y GFI: 0.989, aunque con diferencias de ajuste entre las submuestras. A nivel de validez convergente, un mayor apoyo social informal (familia, amistades), un mayor afrontamiento activo y una percepción del paso tiempo más positiva, rápida y esperanzadora se asociaron con un mejor balance de afectos.
La indexación de las revistas de psicología de Colombia en las bases de datos científicas españolas: un estudio exploratorio
Authors: Vázquez-Miraz Pedro 
Published: February 2022

En el siguiente documento se presenta un trabajo exploratorio en el que se analiza la relevancia de las principales revistas de psicología colombianas, aquellas que están indexadas en los indicadores nacionales (Publindex) e internacionales (Web of Science y Scopus) más importantes, en función de las cifras aportadas por dos bases de datos científicas de origen español (CIRC y MIAR) de amplio uso en el ámbito bibliométrico. Por medio de un análisis correlacional de Spearman entre estos tres elementos y el índice H5 de Google Académico, los resultados muestran la existencia de una fuerte correlación entre Publindex y el índice H5 (r = 0.86; p = 0.001) no habiendo diferencias significativas entre Publindex y las matrices europeas. Además, se puede considerar que la matriz de datos CIRC subestima a este tipo de publicaciones en comparación con los otros tres anteriores medidores y, por ende, no recomendaríamos a los psicólogos colombianos el uso de esta última base de datos española.
Validación psicométrica del Cuestionario de Emociones en la Motivación de la Ingesta
Authors: Garza-Olivares Xochitl , Navarro-Contreras Gabriela , González-Torres Marina Liliana , Gómez María Ángela , Zacarías-Salinas Ximena 
Published: February 2022

La medición apropiada de la influencia de las emociones en la ingesta de alimentos resulta relevante para encaminar las estrategias de salud en materia de prevención de obesidad y Trastornos de Conducta Alimentaria. El objetivo del presente estudio fue validar un instrumento para medir la influencia de las emociones en la motivación de la ingesta, desde la construcción hasta su validación. En la construcción participaron 6 jueces expertos en psicología y en la validación participaron 416 adultos mexicanos (56 % mujeres, 44 % hombres, edad M = 39.43 años, DE = 12.56). Se obtuvo una confiabilidad a través del coeficiente alpha de Cronbach de 0.906. La validez de constructo fue a través del análisis factorial de componentes principales con rotación varimax, del cual se obtuvieron 4 factores que explican 50.36% de la varianza, con un KMO de 0.888 un valor χ2 de la prueba de Bartlett de 4418.36 p < 0.001. Una limitación del estudio fue la regionalización de la muestra, por lo que se sugiere replicar el estudio con otras poblaciones. La escala mostró buenas propiedades psicométricas para medir la influencia de las emociones en la motivación de la ingesta.
Differences in Older Adults Walking Football Initiation and Maintenance Influences Across Respondent Characteristics: A Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: Cholerton Rachel , Butt Joanne , Quirk Helen , Breckon Jeff 
Published: February 2022

Despite health benefits gained from physical activity and sport participation, older adults are less likely to be active. This study investigates what influences 50- to 75-year-olds (N = 439) to initiate and maintain walking football, across gender, socioeconomic status, number of health conditions, and physical activity level. It also considers relationships between participant characteristics and influences, and intentions to play after a forced break (COVID-19). Results of a U.K. online cross-sectional survey found those with two or more health conditions rated social influences significantly higher in initiation and maintenance than participants with no health conditions. Multiple regression analysis found a positive walking football culture, and perceived use of maintenance resources contributed significantly to intentions to return to play after COVID-19 restrictions eased. Practitioners should consider providing opportunities for social connection, foster a positive walking football culture, and encourage players to utilize maintenance resources (e.g., scheduling sessions) in older adult walking football sessions.
Spatial skill predicts success on sequence stratigraphic interpretation
Authors: Kreager B.Z. , LaDue N.D. , Shipley T.F. , Powell R.D. , Hampton B.A. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSequence stratigraphic interpretation and three-dimensional spatial and spatiotemporal skills are considered important for the petroleum industry. However, little is known about the relationship between the two. This study begins to fill this gap by testing whether spatial skills predict success on a sequence stratigraphic interpretation task. Students in this study (N = 78) were enrolled in undergraduate or graduate stratigraphy-focused courses at three U.S. state universities. Students completed (1) a sequence stratigraphic interpretation task with a sequence stratigraphic diagram and Wheeler diagram and (2) two spatial skills tests. Findings of simple linear regressions show that both disembedding (extracting or finding a pattern among other features, which is typically assessed by the hidden-figures test) and mental folding and unfolding (as assessed by the surface development test) are predictive of student success on the full sequence stratigraphic interpretation task. A nested regression, entering mental folding as the initial variable and disembedding as the secondary variable, showed that mental folding and unfolding accounted for almost all of the variance accounted for by disembedding in the simple regression. This may reflect the need to employ disembedding for the test of mental folding. Because the test of disembedding and the test of mental folding and unfolding were correlated, the distinct role of disembedding in stratigraphy remains unclear. However, the results clearly show that mental folding and unfolding is related to student success in sequence stratigraphic interpretation. Future studies should characterize how students utilize these skills, try to determine the causal direction of this effect, and identify good practices for supporting students in the classroom.