bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long sedentary time is associated with worsened cardiometabolic risk markers among working adults in Eastern Ethiopia
Authors: Motuma Aboma , Gobena Tesfaye , Roba Kedir Teji , Berhane Yemane , Worku Alemayehu 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This study aimed to examine the associations of sedentary time and cardiometabolic risk markers among working adults in Eastern Ethiopia. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 1,200 participants. Data were collected using the World Health Organization NCD STEPS survey instrument, and the sedentary behavior questionnaire. The biochemical parameters were analyzed by using the Mindray BS-200 chemistry analyzer. STATA version 16.1 software was used for analysis. The associations between sedentary time and cardiometabolic risk markers controlling confounders were examined using linear regression models. An adjusted coefficient (β) with the 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to report the results. P-value < 0.05 was considered for statistical significance. One hour per day increases in total sedentary time increases the average body mass index (β = 0.61kg/m2: 95% CI: 0.49, 0.71), waist circumference (β = 1.48cm: 95% CI:1.14-1.82), diastolic blood pressure (β = 0.87mmHg: 95% CI: 0.56-1.18), systolic blood pressure (β = 0.95mmHg: 95% CI: 0.45, 1.48), triglycerides (β = 7.07mg/dl: 95% CI: 4.01-10.14), total cholesterol (β = 3.52mg/dl: 95% CI: 2.02-5.02), fasting plasma glucose (β = 4.15mg/dl: 95% CI: 5.31-4.98) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (β = 2.14mg/dl: 95% CI: 0.96-3.33). Long sedentary time is significantly associated with cardiometabolic risk markers. Interventions to reduce sedentary time to decreasing the risk of cardiovascular diseases among working adults.
Pleiotropic Effect Analysis and Marker Development for Grain Zinc and Iron Concentrations in Spring wheat
Authors: Ren Pengxun , Zhao Dehui , Zeng Zhankui , Yan Xuefang , Zhao Yue , Lan Caixia , Wang Chunping 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the main food crops in the world and a primary source of zinc (Zn) and iron (Fe) in the human body. The genetic mechanisms underlying related traits have been clarified, thereby providing a molecular theoretical foundation for the development of germplasm resources. In this study, 23,536 high-quality DArT markers were used to map quantitative trait loci (QTL) of grain Zn (GZn) and grain Fe (GFe) concentrations in recombinant inbred lines from Avocet/Chilero. A total of 17 QTLs located on chromosomes 1BL, 2BL, 3BL, 4AL, 4BS, 5AL, 5DL, 6AS, 6BS, 6DS, and 7AS accounted for 0.38–16.62% of the phenotypic variance. QGZn.haust-4AL, QGZn.haust-7AS.1, and QGFe.haust-6BS were detected on chromosomes 4AL, 6BS, and 7AS, accounting for 10.63–16.62% of the phenotypic variance. Four stable QTLs, QGZn.haust-4AL, QGFe.haust-1BL, QGFe.haust-4AL, and QGFe.haust-5DL were located on chromosomes 1BL, 4AL, and 5DL. Three pleiotropic effects locus for GZn and GFe concentrations were located on chromosomes 1BL, 4AL, and 5DL. Two high-throughput Kompetitive Allele Specific PCR markers were developed by closely linking single nucleotide polymorphisms on chromosomes 4AL and 5DL, which were validated by a germplasm panel. Therefore, it is the most important that quantitative trait loci and KASP marker for grain zinc and iron concentrations were developed for utilizing in marker-assisted breeding and biofortification of wheat grain in breeding programs.
Do Shapes of Elevational Gradients of Species Richness Depend on the Vertical Range Studied? The Case of the Himalayas
Authors: Irungbam Jatishwor Singh , Sucháčková Alena Bartoňová , Konvička Martin , Fric Zdenek Faltýnek 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
We retrieved shapes of elevational species richness gradients (unimodal, decreasing, increasing) from 64 publications, studying Himalayan elevation patterns. We covered both plants and animals, and tested the hypothesis that unimodal gradients, explicable by the geometric mid-domain effect, prevail in the mountains, whereas decreasing or increasing gradients result from studying only short sections of entire altitudinal ranges. Multivariate canonical correspondence analysis was used to relate gradient shapes to their altitude ranges, geography positions, and taxa studied. Across taxa, most of the Himalayan altitudinal gradient display a unimodal shape, with a peak of diversity situated at ca 2500 m a.s.l. for plants, and 2200 m a.s.l. for animals. The gradient shapes were attributable to three intercorrelated predictors: vertical range, maximum elevation, and mean elevation of the gradients. Studies covering sufficiently broad altitudinal range returned unimodal gradients. Studies from the Earth’s highest mountain range reveal that surveys covering substantial parts of the elevational range of the mountains result in unimodal elevational gradients, whereas declining or increasing species richness gradients result from incomplete elevation range sampling.
Heat Flow Data And Thermal Structure In North East Japan
Authors: Matsumoto Takumi , Yamada Ryuji , Iizuka Satoshi 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
New heat flow data corrected for climate change over the entire northeastern region of Japan were obtained using the temperature profile of the borehole of NIED High Sensitivity Seismograph Network (Hi-net). In addition, the crustal temperature structure was obtained by using a crustal structure model that takes into account the temperature dependence of thermal conductivity and the difference in heat generation due to lithology, using a crustal structure model that takes into account sedimentary layers rather than a uniform structure model with exposed bedrock at the surface. The results show that the crustal temperature structure in areas with thick sedimentary layers is improved compared to the previous model.
A Novel Metastasis-related Genes Based Signature for Predicting the Progression-free Interval of Patients With Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma
Authors: Liu Rui , Cao Zhen , Wu Meng-wei , Li Xiao-bin , Yuan Hong-wei , Liu Ziwen 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: We aimed to build a novel model with metastasis-related genes (MTGs) signature and relevant clinical parameters for predicting progression-free interval (PFI) after surgery for papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC).Methods: We performed a bioinformatic analysis of integrated PTC datasets with the MTGs to identify differentially expressed MTGs (DE-MTGs). Then we generated PFI-related DE-MTGs and established a novel MTGs based signature. After that, we validated the signature on multiple datasets and PTC cell lines. Further, we carried out uni- and multivariate analysis to identify independent prognostic characters. Finally, we established a signature and clinical parameters-based nomogram for predicting the PFI of PTC. Results: We identified 155 DE-MTGs related to PFI in PTC. The functional enrichment analysis showed that the DE-MTGs were associated with an essential oncogenic process. Consequently, we found a novel 10-gene signature and could distinguish patients with poorer prognoses and predicted PFI accurately. The novel signature had a C-index of 0.76 and the relevant nomogram had a C-index of 0.80. Also, it was closely related to pivotal clinical characters of datasets and invasiveness of cell lines. And the signature was confirmed a significant independent prognostic factor in PTC. Finally, we built a nomogram by including the signature and relevant clinical factors. Validation analysis showed that the nomogram's efficacy was satisfying in predicting PTC’s PFI. Conclusions: The MTG signature and nomogram were closely associated with PTC prognosis and may help clinicians improve the individualized prediction of PFI, especially for high-risk patients after surgery.
Synthesis and Characterization of Chitosan-Acrylic Acid Based Hydrogels and Investigation the Properties of Bilayered Design With Incorporated Alginate Beads
Authors: Erceg Tamara , Brakus Gaja , Stupar Alena , Cvetinov Miroslav , Hadnađev Miroslav , Ristić Ivan 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The paper presents the synthesis of hydrogels via free-radical polymerization, based on Chitosan (CS) grafted with Acrylic acid (AA), using a two-step procedure. Free-radical polymerization has given strong hydrogels with compact structure, dominant elastic behavior and long linear viscoelastic region. The results of rheological studies have shown that obtained hydrogels have significantly improved mechanical properties in comparison to chitosan hydrogels obtained by other sustainable methods. A step forward in the investigation of the potential application of chitosan hydrogels in wound dressing systems has been made by preparation of the bilayer design by embedding a layer of active compound-loaded alginate beads into the contact surface between two conjoined units of CS/AA hydrogels. Wild garlic (Allium ursinum L.) dried extract was used as an active compound because of its antimicrobial activity and green properties. This system has demonstrated pH-dependent release of extract and higher shear elastic modulus values than ordinary disc gels. A conducted study has given preliminary results for the possible application of bilayer chitosan - based hydrogels in wound dressing systems and represents the first step towards extrapolating the proposed design across other application fields.
Acromion-axillary Nerve Distance and Its Relation to the Humeral Length in the Prediction of the Axillary Nerve Position During the Anterolateral Deltoid-splitting Approach in the Treatment of Proximal Humerus Fractures: a Clinical Study
Authors: demirel mehmet , Yıldırım Cem , Bayram Erhan , Ekinci Mehmet , Yılmaz Murat 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background Because of the broad anatomical variation in the course of the axillary nerve, several cadaveric studies have investigated the acromion-axillary nerve distance and its association with the humeral length to predict the axillary nerve location. This study aimed to analyze the acromion-axillary nerve distance (AAND) and its relation to the arm length (AL) in patients who underwent internal plate fixation for proximal humerus fractures.Methods The present prospective study involved 37 patients (15 female, 22 male; the mean age = 51 years, age range = 19 to 76) with displaced proximal humerus fractures who were treated by open reduction and internal fixation. After anatomic reduction and fixation was achieved, the following parameters were measured in each patient before wound closure without making an extra incision or dissection: (1) the distance from the anterolateral edge of the acromion to the course of axillary nerve was recorded as the acromion-axillary nerve distance and (2) the distance from the anterolateral edge of the acromion to the lateral epicondyle of the humerus was recorded as arm length. The ratio of AAND to AL was then calculated and recorded as the axillary nerve index.Results The mean AAND was 6 ± 0.36 cm (range = 5.5–6.6), and the mean arm length was 32.91 ± 2.9 cm (range = 24–38). The mean axillary nerve ratio was 0.18 ± 0.02 (range = 0.16 to 0.23). There was a significant moderate positive correlation between AL and AAND (p = 0.006; r = 0.447). The axillary nerve location was predictable in only 18% of the patients.Conclusion During the anterolateral deltoid-splitting approach to the shoulder joint, 5.5 cm from the anterolateral edge of the acromion could be considered as a safe zone for the prevention of possible axillary nerve injury.
An Evaluation of Temporal and Club Angle Parameters During Golf Swings Using Low Cost Video Analyses Packages
Authors: Hunter Henry H. , Ugbolue Ukadike C. , Sorbie Graeme G. , Lam Wing-Kai , Grace Fergal M. , Iacono Antonio Dello , Liang Minjun , Dutheil Frédéric , Gu Yaodong , Baker Julien S. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to compare swing time and golf club angle parameters during golf swings using three, two dimensional (2D) low cost, Augmented-Video-based-Portable-Systems (AVPS) (Kinovea, SiliconCoach Pro, SiliconCoach Live). Twelve right-handed golfers performed three golf swings whilst being recorded by a high-speed 2D video camera. Footage was then analysed using AVPS-software and the results compared using both descriptive and inferential statistics. There were no significant differences for swing time and the golf phase measurements between the 2D and 3D software comparisons. In general, the results showed a high Intra class Correlation Coefficient (ICC > 0.929) and Cronbach’s Coefficient Alpha (CCA > 0.924) reliability for both the kinematic and temporal parameters. The inter-rater reliability test for the swing time and kinematic golf phase measurements on average were strong. Irrespective of the AVPS software investigated, the cost effective AVPS can produce reliable output measures that benefit golf analyses.
Superficial Flat-type Early-stage Gastric Signet Ring Cell Carcinoma in the Atrophic Background Mucosa: Two Case Reports
Authors: Wang Wenhua , Yang Yicheng , Xu Qinwei , Wang Shunli , Zhang Li , Yu Renfang , Han Junyi , Cao Jia 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Gastric signet ring cell carcinoma is a rare and highly malignant adenocarcinoma, which is characterized by early metastasis, rapid progression and poor prognosis. Several studies have shown that early-stage gastric signet ring cell carcinoma may have equal or better prognosis than other types of gastric cancer. However, most of the early-stage lesions are difficult to detect by endoscopy. Two female cases of early-stage gastric signet ring cell carcinoma with atrophic background mucosa occurring in the middle and lower part of the stomach were found in our endoscopy center. The diagnosis was confirmed by upper gastrointestinal white light endoscopy combined with narrow-band imaging and endoscopic biopsy, both lesions less than 2.0cm in diameter were surgically removed and identified as intramucosal adenocarcinoma. Through these two cases, we aim to illustrate the difficulty of early detection of gastric signet ring cell carcinoma with mucosal atrophy. We can roughly identify the demarcation of the lesion by combining white light endoscopy and narrow-band imaging, and slightly irregular microsurface and microvascular pattern of the lesion were found via magnifying endoscopic observation, but the demarcation can hardly be accurately identified.
The Ratio of Free Fatty Acids (Ffas) Divided By High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-C) Is A Promising Pre-Treatment Biomarker For Predicting Worse Overall Survival (OS) of Neuroendocrine Tumours (Nets) In The Colorectum: A Retrospective Study.
Authors: Zhu Bin , Wu Dan , Yang Yuanyuan , Yu Pingli , Huang Haobo , Cai Haiyan , Cao Yingping 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: free fatty acids (FFAs) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were associated with various malignancy. However, whether FFA, HDL-C and FFA/HDL-C can play a potiential role in predicting patients with colorectal neuroendocrine tumours (NETs) was unclear. Meanwhile, FFA/HDL-C has a superior prognosis ability was unknown, too.Methods: One hundred patients with pathologically diagnosed colorectal NETs in 2011-2017 were enrolled, and the levels of FFA, HDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides (TGs), cholesterol (CHOL), apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1) and apolipoprotein B (ApoB) between colorectal NET patients and healthy controls matched by age and sex were compared. In addition, the association of clinicopathological characteristics and follow-up data with FFA, HDL-C and FFA/HDL-C was analysed.Results: FFA was overexpressed (0.55±0.23 vs. 0.48±0.11, P= 0.006), and HDL-C was underexpressed (1.31±0.41 vs. 1.41±0.29, P=0.046) in colorectal NETs. FFA ≥0.52 mmol/L predicted lymph node metastasis (LNM) (P=0.015), HDL-C ≤1.0 mmol/L predicted tumour size ≥2 cm (P=0.017), and FFA/HDL-C>0.75 predicted tumour grade (P=0.030), LNM (P=0.014), and tumour size(P=0.018). No significant association was found between FFA and tumour grade (P=0.613) or HDL-C and tumour grade (P=0.594) or FFA and tumour size (P=0.142) or HDL-C and LNM (P=0.443). FFA ≥0.52 mmol/L (P=0.014) and HDL-C ≤1.0 mmol/L predicted worse overall survival (OS) (P=0.019). FFA/HDL-C predicted an even worse prognosis in terms of OS (P<0.001).Conclusion: FFA ≥0.52 mmol/L HDL-C ≤1.0 mmol/L and FFA/HDL-C>0.75 were promising cut-off values in predicting LNM, tumour size and worse OS in colorectal NETs.
In Silico Discovery of Potential Azole-Containing mPGES-1 Inhibitors By Virtual Screening, Pharmacophore Modeling and Molecular Dynamics Simulations
Authors: Özalp Lalehan , Küçükgüzel İlkay , Ogan Ayşe 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Inhibition of microsomal prostaglandin E2 synthase-1 (mPGES-1) is promising for designing novel nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, as they lack side-effects associated with inhibition of cyclooxygenase enzymes. Azole compounds are nitrogen-containing heterocycles and have a wide use in medicine and are considered as promising compounds in medicinal chemistry. Various computer-aided drug design strategies are incorporated in this study. Structure-based virtual screening was performed employing various docking programs. Receiver Operator Characteristic (ROC) curves were used to evaluate the selectivity of each program. Furthermore, scoring power of Autodock4 and Autodock Vina was assessed by Pearson’s correlation coefficients. Pharmacophore models were generated and Güner-Henry score of the best model was calculated as 0.89. Binding modes of the final 10 azole compounds were analyzed and further investigation of the best binding (-8.38 kcal/mol) compound was performed using molecular dynamics simulation, revealing that furazan1224 (ZINC001142847306) occupied the binding site of the substrate, prostaglandin H2 (PGH2) and remained stable for 100 ns. Continuous hydrogen bonds with amino acids in the active site supported the stability of furazan1224 throughout the trajectory. Pharmacokinetic profile showed that furazan1224 lacks the risks of inhibiting cytochrome P450 3A4 enzyme and central nervous system-related side-effects.
General Electrochemical Minisci Alkylation of N-Heteroarenes with Alkyl Halides
Authors: Aleman Jose 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Herein, we report, for the first time, a general, facile and environmentally friendly Minisci-type alkylation of N-heteroarenes under simple and straightforward electrochemical conditions using widely available alkyl halides as radical precursors. Primary, secondary and tertiary alkyl radicals have shown to be efficiently generated and coupled with a large variety of N-heteroarenes. The method presents a very high functional group tolerance, including various heterocyclic-based natural products, which highlights the robustness of the methodology. This applicability has been further proved in the synthesis of various interesting biologically valuable building blocks. In addition, we have proposed a mechanism based on different proofs and electrochemical evidences.
Systematic and integrated analysis of tRNA-derived small RNAs reveals novel potential pathogenesis targets of sarcoidosis
Authors: Zhao Min , Tian Chang , Di Xin , Jin Xin , Cong Shan , Cao Yingshu , Wang Ke 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The pathogenesis of sarcoidosis, which involves several systems, is unclear, and its pathological type is non-caseating epithelioid granulomas. tRNA-derived small RNA (tsRNA) is a novel class of short non-coding RNAs with potential regulatory functions. However, whether tsRNA contributes to sarcoidosis pathogenesis remains unclear. Deep sequencing technology was used to identify alterations in tsRNA expression profiles between patients with sarcoidosis and healthy controls. A total of 360 tsRNAs were identified for exact matches. Among them, the expression of three tRNAs (tiRNA-Glu-TTC-001, tiRNA-Lys-CTT-003, and tRF-Ser-TGA-007) was markedly regulated in sarcoidosis and validated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The expression of various tsRNAs was significantly correlated with age, the number of affected systems, and calcium levels in the blood. Additionally, target prediction and bioinformatics analyses revealed that these tsRNAs may play roles in chemokine, cAMP, cGMP-PKG, retrograde endorphin, and FoxO signalling pathways. The Cytoscape software was used for visual analysis to obtain 10 hub genes of each target tsRNA. Among the hub genes, APP, PRKACB, ARRB2, and NR5A1 finding may participate in the occurrence and development of sarcoidosis through immune inflammation. This study provides novel insights to explore tsRNA as a novel and efficacious pathogenic target of sarcoidosis.
Quantitative Assessment of the Size-dependent Whole-body to Cellular Biodistribution of Fine Particulate Matters Following Inhalation by Fluorescence Imaging
Authors: Son Taewoong , Cho Youn-Joo , Lee Hyunseung , Cho Mi Young , Goh Byeongwoo , Kim Hyun Min , Phan Hoa Thi Ngoc , Cho Sun-Hee , Park Young-Jun , Park Hye Sun , Hong Kwan Soo 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: There has been growing concern regarding the impact of air pollution, especially fine dust, on human health. However, it is difficult to estimate the toxicity of fine dust on the human body because of its diverse effects depending on the composition and environmental factors.Results: In this study, we focused on the difference in the biodistribution of fine dust according to the size distribution of particulate matter after inhalation into the body to predict its impact on human health. We synthesized Cy7-doped silica particulate matters (CSPMs) having different particle sizes and employed them as model fine dust, and studied their whole-body in vivo biodistribution in BALB/c nude mice. Image-tracking and quantitative analysis were performed on the ex vivo organs and tissues. Additionally, flow cytometric analysis of single cells isolated from the lungs was performed. Smaller particles with a diameter of less than 100 nm (CSPM0.1) were observed to be removed relatively rapidly from the lungs upon initial inhalation. However, they were confirmed to accumulate continuously over 4 weeks of observation. In particular, smaller particles were found to spread rapidly to other organs during the early stages of inhalation.Conclusions: It is expected that the effect of fine dust on human health can be predicted through the differences in in vivo behavior that arise depending on the particle size. This study might provide with insights on association between CSPM0.1 accumulation in several organs including the lungs and adverse effect to underlying diseases in the organs.