bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Canonical Sentence Processing and the Inferior Frontal Cortex: Is There a Connection?
Authors: Riccardi Nicholas , Rorden Chris , Fridriksson Julius , Desai Rutvik H. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The role of left inferior frontal cortex (LIFC) in canonical sentence comprehension is controversial. Many studies have found involvement of LIFC in sentence production or complex sentence comprehension, but negative or mixed results are often found in comprehension of simple or canonical sentences. We used voxel-, region-, and connectivity-based lesion symptom mapping (VLSM, RLSM, CLSM) in left-hemisphere chronic stroke survivors to investigate canonical sentence comprehension while controlling for lexical-semantic, executive, and phonological processes. We investigated how damage and disrupted white matter connectivity of LIFC and two other language-related regions, the left anterior temporal lobe (LATL) and posterior temporal-inferior parietal area (LpT-iP), affected sentence comprehension. VLSM and RLSM revealed that LIFC damage was not associated with canonical sentence comprehension measured by a sensibility judgment task. LIFC damage was associated instead with impairments in a lexical semantic similarity judgment task with high semantic/executive demands. Damage to the LpT-iP, specifically posterior middle temporal gyrus (pMTG), predicted worse sentence comprehension after controlling for visual lexical access, semantic knowledge, and auditory-verbal short-term memory (STM), but not auditory single-word comprehension, suggesting pMTG is vital for auditory language comprehension. CLSM revealed that disruption of left-lateralized white-matter connections from LIFC to LATL and LpT-iP was associated with worse sentence comprehension, controlling for performance in tasks related to lexical access, auditory word comprehension, and auditory-verbal STM. However, the LIFC connections were accounted for by the lexical semantic similarity judgment task, which had high semantic/executive demands. This suggests that LIFC connectivity is relevant to canonical sentence comprehension when task-related semantic/executive demands are high.
The Tractatus de iride “Inter omnes impressiones” Formerly Attributed to Oresme and Its Grossetestian Milieu: Introduction and Edition
Authors: Dinkova-Bruun Greti , Panti Cecilia 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This article presents a study and a critical edition of the short anonymous treatise on the rainbow starting with the incipit Inter omnes impressiones. The text was known to Nicole Oresme who engages with it twice: in his Questiones in Meteorologica de prima lectura and in Le livre du ciel et du monde. This Tractatus de iride, previously unknown to scholars, is transmitted in three late thirteenth-century manuscripts. It uses Robert Grosseteste’s theories of the rainbow as caused by the refraction of sunlight and of colour as light incorporated in aereal particles. However, contrary to Grosseteste, the Tractatus de iride adopts the idea of different degrees of incorporation of light, which is also found in the scientific writings by Adam of Exeter, a Franciscan scholar belonging to the same Oxonian circle as Grosseteste. Moreover, the Tractatus de iride develops original propositions in regard to the role of individual raindrops, the importance of the angle from which the rainbow is observed, and the idea of the spirituality of the colours in the medium, which were central also for Roger Bacon’s and Nicole Oresme’s own theories of the rainbow.
The Logic of Impossible Scenarios in Hurtado de Mendoza’s Tractatus de Trinitate
Authors: Hanke Miroslav 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Since the late thirteenth century, the counterfactual Filioque debate, i.e., the question whether the Son and the Holy Spirit were distinct persons in the Trinity if the Holy Spirit only proceeded from the Father and not also from the Son, was an interesting context for developing the methodology of extreme thought experiments and the logic of conditionals with impossible antecedents and paradoxes of implication. In the mid-1620s, Puente Hurtado de Mendoza (1578–1641) introduced a strongly critical approach towards the scientific merits of positing certain types of impossible scenarios while joining this traditional debate in his Tractatus de Trinitate. He argued that the counterfactual Filioque problem is (at best) a needless detour and (at worst) either shifts to unreliable discussions of properties of fictional entities or is outright trivial for logical reasons. The present article offers a modern edition of the ninth disputation of Hurtado’s Tractatus de Trinitate and analyses logical and methodological aspects of Hurtado’s position in the counterfactual Filioque debate.
How Jewish Magic Survived the Disenchantment of the World
Authors: Bohak Gideon 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Jewish magic is thriving in present-day Israel, in spite of the supposed disenchantment of the modern world. To see how it survived from Antiquity and the Middle Ages to our own days, this essay surveys the development of Jewish magic in the modern period. It begins with the Jews of Europe, where the printing of books of popular medicine and “practical Kabbalah,” and the Enlightenment’s war on magic, led to the transformation and marginalization of many Jewish magical texts and practices, but did not entirely eradicate them. It then turns to the Jews of the Islamicate world, who were much less exposed to the impact of printing or the ideology of Enlightenment, and whose magical tradition therefor remained much more conservative than that of their European brethren. When the Jews of many Jewish communities finally met, before and especially after the establishment of the Jewish State, the Jews of European origin tried to disenchant the world of their “Oriental” brothers, but were only partly successful in this endeavor. And with the rise of postmodern cultural sensitivities, and of New Age religiosities, even this attempt was mostly abandoned, and the Jewish magical tradition is now more vigorous, and more visible, than the founders of Zionism would ever have imagined. Finally, while claiming that in the Jewish case modernity did not lead to the disenchantment of the world, this essay also claims that the same might be true of other magical traditions, whose history often was neglected by historians of Western esotericism.
Biparental incubation behavior in the domestic house-farmed swiftlets (Aerodramus sp.) in central Peninsular Malaysia
Authors: Daud Ummi Nur Syafiqah , Ismail Nor Adibah , Nor Shukor Md. , Mansor Mohammad Saiful 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
While the breeding biology of the edible-nest swiftlet Aerodramus fuciphagus has previously been studied, research has been limited to direct observations made on cave colonies and details on their incubation behavior remain unknown. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the biparental investment of domestic house-farmed white-nest swiftlets Aerodramus sp. during incubation. This study was conducted at a swiftlet house farm in Bentong, Pahang, central Peninsular Malaysia, from August 2019 to July 2020. An infrared camera connected to a digital video recorder was installed inside the house farm to monitor swiftlets’ daily activities. We determined that the time required for swiftlets to incubate their eggs was 23 ± 0.73 days, while the hatching success rate was 75%. Swiftlets exhibit intermittent incubation with fluctuations in incubation rate from egg-laying until hatching. Both parents incubate equally, with males notably incubate longer at night and females in the morning. The incubation period is influenced by clutch size; parents incubating two eggs have a shorter incubation period than parents that incubating a single egg. Parents alternately exchanged incubation roles when both sexes attended the nest, which often occurred in the early morning before the first emergence period and during nightfall after swiftlets returned to their nests. We identified two behavioral signals during parental exchange: (1) volunteering to move aside and allowing the partner to incubate and (2) being forced by the partner to move aside. The information provided by this study can be useful to bird-nest farmers, who can use it to increase their swiftlet populations by reducing the fatality of nestlings and maintaining a sustainable yield of harvesting.
Beyond Success or Failure: Sindhi Nationalism and the Social Construction of the “Idea of Sindh”
Authors: Levesque Julien 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The study of Sindhi nationalism has remained overdetermined by the question of the allegiance of Sindhis to the Pakistani state. The movement has not been examined for itself but only from the vantage point of its success or failure. As a result, it has mainly received attention when sudden outbursts of violence seemed to threaten the stability of the state. However, few have attempted to examine what connects disparate events of ethnic violence and opposition to the central state with a broader understanding of what being Sindhi entails. Rather than address questions of failure or success, this article shows that the construction of a nationalist “idea of Sindh” has been a continuous process throughout the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. It also illustrates how an aspirational middle-class played a central role in this process. The article focuses on how three generations of Muslim men, who shared similar trajectories yet have unique social characteristics and repertoires of contention, constructed, reinforced, and disseminated the Sindhi nationalist discourse. This process translated into institution-building in the cultural sphere and contributed to the political outlook of a large section of Sindhi politicians on the left of the spectrum.
Constitutional Courts Speak Their Voice
Authors: Sperti Angioletta 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The rise of the Internet and associated technologies and the widespread use of social media have deeply affected the relationship between constitutional courts, the media and public opinion. Increased public exposure increases the risks of misunderstandings of courts’ judgments and attacks on courts’ legitimacy. The article aims at addressing the challenges that changes in institutional communication are now posing for constitutional courts. It focuses on the courts’ concern that their decisions are faithfully reported by the media and understood by a specialized audience and the general public. It analyzes the different tools courts have adopted to counteract misinformation and addresses the reasons why constitutional courts have been engaging in a more proactive communication in order to prevent misreading or even exploitation of the contents of their decisions.
A polygenic risk score and age of diagnosis of COPD
Authors: Zhang Jingzhou , Xu Hanfei , Qiao Dandi , DeMeo Dawn L. , Silverman Edwin K. , O'Connor George T. , Hobbs Brian D. , Dupuis Josée , Cho Michael H. , Moll Matthew 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundGenetic susceptibility may be associated with earlier onset of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We hypothesised that a polygenic risk score (PRS) for COPD would be associated with earlier age of diagnosis of COPD.MethodsIn 6647 non-Hispanic White (NHW) and 2464 African American (AA) participants from COPDGene, and 6812 participants from the Framingham Heart Study (FHS), we tested the relationship of the PRS and age of COPD diagnosis. Age at diagnosis was determined by: 1) self-reported age at COPD diagnosis or 2) age at visits when moderate-to-severe airflow limitation (Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) grade 2–4) was observed on spirometry. We used Cox regression to examine the overall and time-dependent effects of the PRS on incident COPD. In the COPDGene study, we also examined the PRS's predictive value for COPD at age <50 years (COPD50) using logistic regression and area under the curve (AUC) analyses, with and without the addition of other risk factors present at early life (e.g.childhood asthma).ResultsIn Cox models, the PRS demonstrated age-dependent associations with incident COPD, with larger effects at younger ages in both cohorts. The PRS was associated with COPD50 (OR 1.55 (95% CI 1.41–1.71) for NHW, OR 1.23 (95% CI 1.05–1.43) for AA and OR 2.47 (95% CI 2.12–2.88) for FHS participants). In COPDGene, adding the PRS to known early-life risk factors improved prediction of COPD50 in NHW (AUC 0.69versus0.74; p<0.0001) and AA (AUC 0.61versus0.64; p=0.04) participants.ConclusionsA COPD PRS is associated with earlier age of diagnosis of COPD and retains predictive value when added to known early-life risk factors.
Effect of interleukin-6 receptor antagonists in critically ill adult patients with COVID-19 pneumonia: two randomised controlled trials of the CORIMUNO-19 Collaborative Group
Authors: Hermine Olivier , Mariette Xavier , Porcher Raphael , Resche-Rigon Matthieu , Tharaux Pierre-Louis , Ravaud Philippe 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundOur objective was to determine whether anti-interleukin (IL)-6 receptors improve outcomes of critically ill patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia. We report on two cohort-embedded, investigator-initiated, multicentre, open-label, Bayesian randomised controlled clinical trials.MethodsPatients were randomly assigned to receive either usual care (UC) or UC+tocilizumab (TCZ) 8 mg·kg−1(TOCI-2 trial) or UC or UC+sarilumab (SARI) 200 mg (SARI-2 trial), both intravenously on day 1 and, if clinically indicated, on day 3.ResultsBetween 31 March and 20 April 2020, 97 patients were randomised in the TOCI-2 trial, to receive UC (n=46) or UC+TCZ (n=51). At day 14, numbers of patients who did not need noninvasive ventilation (NIV) or mechanical ventilation (MV) and were alive with TCZ or UC were similar (47%versus42%; median posterior hazard ratio (HR) 1.19, 90% credible interval (CrI) 0.71–2.04), with a posterior probability of HR >1 of 71.4%. Between 27 March and 4 April 2020, 91 patients were randomised in the SARI-2 trial, to receive UC (n=41) or UC+SARI (n=50). At day 14, numbers of patients who did not need NIV or MV and were alive with SARI or UC were similar (38%versus33%; median posterior HR 1.05, 90% CrI 0.55–2.07), with a posterior probability of HR >1 of 54.9%. Overall, the risk of death up to day 90 was: UC+TCZ 24%versusUC 30% (HR 0.67, 95% CI 0.30–1.49) and UC+SARI 29%versusUC 39% (HR 0.74, 95% CI 0.35–1.58). Both TCZ and SARI increased serious infectious events.ConclusionIn critically ill patients with COVID-19, anti-IL-6 receptors did not significantly increase the number of patients alive without any NIV or MV by day 14.
Does DNA methylation mediate the association of age at puberty with forced vital capacity or forced expiratory volume in 1 s?
Authors: Li Liang , Zhang Hongmei , Holloway John W. , Ewart Susan , Relton Caroline L. , Arshad S. Hasan , Karmaus Wilfried 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundAge of pubertal onset is associated with lung function in adulthood. However, the underlying role of epigenetics as a mediator of this association remains unknown.MethodsDNA methylation (DNAm) in peripheral blood was measured at age 18 years in the Isle of Wight birth cohort (IOWBC) along with data on age of pubertal events, forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) at 26 years. Structural equation models were applied to examine mediation effects of DNAm on the association of age at pubertal events with FVC and FEV1. Findings were further tested in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) cohort.ResultsIn the IOWBC, for females, 21 cytosine-phosphate-guanine sites (CpGs) were shown to mediate the association of age at puberty with FVC or FEV1at 26 years (p<0.05). In males, DNAm at 20 CpGs was found to mediate the association of age at puberty with FVC (p<0.05). At almost all these CpGs, indirect effects (effects of age at pubertal events on FVC or FEV1viaDNAm) contributed a smaller portion to the total effects compared to direct effects (e.g.at cg08680129, ∼22% of the estimated total effect of age at menarche on FVC at age 26 was contributed by an indirect effect). Among the IOWBC-discovered CpGs available in ALSPAC, none of them was replicated in ALSPAC (p>0.05).ConclusionsOur findings suggest that post-adolescence DNAm in peripheral blood is likely not to mediate the association of age at pubertal onset with young adulthood FVC or FEV1.
RNA-Seq with a novel glabrous-ZM24fl reveals some key lncRNAs and the associated targets in fiber initiation of cotton
Authors: Zou Xianyan , Ali Faiza , Jin Shuangxia , Li Fuguang , Wang Zhi 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Cotton fiber is an important natural resource for textile industry and an excellent model for cell biology study. Application of glabrous mutant cotton and high-throughput sequencing facilitates the identification of key genes and pathways for fiber development and cell differentiation and elongation. LncRNA is a type of ncRNA with more than 200 nt in length and functions in the ways of chromatin modification, transcriptional and post-transcriptional modification, and so on. However, the detailed lncRNA and associated mechanisms for fiber initiation are still unclear in cotton.

Results
In this study, we used a novel glabrous mutant ZM24fl, which is endowed with higher somatic embryogenesis, and functions as an ideal receptor for cotton genetic transformation. Combined with the high-throughput sequencing, fatty acid pathway and some transcription factors such as MYB, ERF and bHLH families were identified the important roles in fiber initiation; furthermore, 3,288 lncRNAs were identified, and some differentially expressed lncRNAs were also analyzed. From the comparisons of ZM24_0 DPA vs ZM24_-2 DPA and fl_0 DPA vs ZM24_0 DPA, one common lncRNA MSTRG 2723.1 was found that function upstream of fatty acid metabolism, MBY25-mediating pathway, and pectin metabolism to regulate fiber initiation. In addition, other lncRNAs MSTRG 3390.1, MSTRG 48719.1, and MSTRG 31176.1 were also showed potential important roles in fiber development; and the co-expression analysis between lncRNAs and targets showed the distinct models of different lncRNAs and complicated interaction between lncRNAs in fiber development of cotton.

Conclusions
From the above results, a key lncRNA MSTRG 2723.1 was identified that might mediate some key genes transcription of fatty acid metabolism, MYB25-mediating pathway, and pectin metabolism to regulate fiber initiation of ZM24 cultivar. Co-expression analysis implied that some other important lncRNAs (e.g., MSTRG 3390.1, MSTRG 48719.1, and MSTRG 31176.1) were also showed the different regulatory model and interaction between them, which proposes some valuable clues for the lncRNAs associated mechanisms in fiber development.
Optical coherence tomography angiography in herpetic leucoma
Authors: Almeida Inês , Dias Libânia , Jesus Jeniffer , Fonseca Inês , Matias Maria João , Pedro João Carlos 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Herpes simplex virus (HSV) keratitis remains a leading infectious cause of blindness worldwide. Although all forms of HSV keratitis are commonly recurrent, the risk is greatest in stromal keratitis, which is the most likely to result in corneal scarring, thinning, and neovascularization. Recent studies showed the ability of Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCTA) to detect and study vascular abnormalities in the anterior segment, including abnormal corneal vessels. This study intends to investigate the potential of OCTA device to image and describe quantitatively the vascularization in eyes diagnosed with herpetic leucoma and to discuss and review the usefulness of this technique in this pathology.

Methods
A Cross-sectional study was made, including 17 eyes of 15 patients with leucoma secondary to herpetic keratitis. All eyes underwent anterior segment Slit-Lamp photography (SLP), and OCTA with en-face, b-scans and c-scans imaging. The vessel density (VD) was analyzed in the inferior, nasal and temporal corneal margin in all patients, and in the central area, in eyes with central corneal neovascularization (CoNV). The measurements were calculated after binarization with ImageJ software, using OCTA scans with 6 × 6 mm in a depth of 800 μm.

Results
Patients included had a mean age 53.267 ± 21.542 (years ± SD). The mean total vessel area was 50.907% ± 3.435%. VD was higher in the nasal quadrant (51.156% ± 4.276%) but there were no significant differences between the three analyzed areas (p = 0.940). OCTA was able to identify abnormal vessels when SLP apparently showed no abnormal vessels; OCTA was able to distinguish between larger and smaller vessels even in central cornea; OCTA scans allowed the investigation of several corneal planes and the relation of them with clinical findings.

Conclusions
OCTA can be useful in both qualitative and quantitative follow-up of patients and may become a non-invasive alternative to objectively monitor treatment response in eyes with corneal vascularization due to herpetic infection.
Unmet needs of 1210 Chinese breast cancer survivors and associated factors: a multicentre cross-sectional study
Authors: Bu Xiaofan , Jin Cai , Fan Rongrong , Cheng Andy S. K. , Ng Peter H. F. , Xia Yimin , Liu Xiangyu 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Breast cancer survivors (BCSs) often have potential unmet needs. Identification of the specific needs of BCSs is very significant for medical service provision. This study aimed to (1) investigate the unmet needs and quality of life (QoL) of BCSs in China, (2) explore the diverse factors associated with their unmet needs, and (3) assess the association between their unmet needs and QoL.

Methods
A multicentre, cross-sectional survey was administered to 1210 Chinese BCSs. The Cancer Survivor Profile-Breast Cancer and the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast scale were administered to survivors who gave informed consent to participate. Data were analysed using t-test, ANOVA, multiple regression analysis, and Pearson correlations.

Results
The 1192 participants completed questionnaires (response rate 98.51%). Our study reveals that the most prevalent unmet needs were in the ‘symptom burden domain’. The unmet needs of BCSs depend on eleven factors; age, time since diagnosis, education level, occupation, payment, family income status, stage of cancer, treatment, family history of cancer, pain, and physical activities. To ensure the provision of high-quality survivorship care and a high satisfaction level, more attention should be paid to actively identifying and addressing the unmet needs of BCSs. The problem areas identified in the Cancer Survivor Profile for breast cancer were negatively associated with all subscales of QoL except the health behaviour domain, with the correlation coefficient ranging from − 0.815 to − 0.011.

Conclusion
Chinese BCSs exhibit a high demand for unmet needs in this study, and the most prevalent unmet needs were in the ‘symptom burden domain’. There was a significant association between patients’ unmet needs (as defined in the Cancer Survivor Profile for breast cancer) and QoL. Future research should focus on enhancements to survivorship or follow-up care to address unmet needs and further improve QoL.