bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Suspected severe post‐anaesthetic myopathy or myelopathy in a Clydesdale horse resulting in euthanasia
Authors: Lloyd Ffion , Dixon Claire , Kropf Josephine , Bellitto Nicholas , Murison Pamela 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis case report describes suspected myopathy or myelopathy in a 5‐year‐old Clydesdale gelding following general anaesthesia for sarcoid removal. The lowest mean arterial pressure was 67 mmHg. Hyperlactataemia and tachycardia were observed during anaesthesia prompting abortion of surgery. The horse was unable to stand with assistance from a specialised sling. Azotaemia and hyperkalaemia developed in recovery and worsened despite therapeutic interventions. Euthanasia was performed given the grave prognosis. Postmortem examination was not carried out but could have provided a definitive diagnosis. Specific factors have been identified in the prevention of post‐anaesthetic myopathy, including maintenance of adequate tissue perfusion and oxygenation and careful positioning. Potential improvements in the anaesthetic management of this case in relation to these factors are discussed.
3Delectron diffraction for structure determination of small‐molecule nanocrystals: A possible breakthrough for the pharmaceutical industry
Authors: Andrusenko Iryna , Gemmi Mauro 
Published: May 2022

AbstractNanomedicine is among the most fascinating areas of research. Most of the newly discovered pharmaceutical polymorphs, as well as many new synthesized or isolated natural products, appear only in form of nanocrystals. The development of techniques that allow investigating the atomic structure of nanocrystalline materials is therefore one of the most important frontiers of crystallography. Some unique features of electrons, like their non‐neutral charge and their strong interaction with matter, make this radiation suitable for imaging and detecting individual atoms, molecules, or nanoscale objects down to sub‐angstrom resolution. In the recent years the development of three‐dimensional (3D) electron diffraction (3D ED) has shown that electron diffraction can be successfully used to solve the crystal structure of nanocrystals and most of its limiting factors like dynamical scattering or limited completeness can be easily overcome. This article is a review of the state of the art of this method with a specific focus on how it can be applied to beam sensitive samples like small‐molecule organic nanocrystals.This article is categorized under:Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies
A Scandium‐based Microporous Metal‐Organic Framework for Ethane‐Selective Separation
Authors: Shi Yanshu , Xie Yi , Arman Hadi , Chen Banglin 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPurification of ethylene (C2H4) is one of the most important industrial separation practices. In this report, Sc‐abtc, a rare‐earth microporous metal‐organic framework was successfully constructed from 3,3’,5,5’‐azobenzenetetracarboxylic acid (H4abtc) and scandium through facile solvothermal method. Sc‐abtc have shown preferrential adsorption of ethane over ethylene with 4.28 mmol g−1 uptake of ethane at ambient conditions. The calculated isosteric heat of adsorption revealed Sc‐abtc has stronger binding affinity toward C2H6 (28.2 kJ mol−1) than C2H4 (11 kJ mol−1), which revealled the mechanism of the ethane‐selective property. Moreover, column breakthrough tests were conducted to further verified the practical C2H4/C2H6 separation with excellent cycling stability.
Integrated correlators in $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = 4 super Yang-Mills and periods
Authors: Wen Congkao , Zhang Shun-Qing 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
We study perturbative aspects of recently proposed integrated four-point correlators in $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills with all classical gauge groups using standard Feynman diagram computations. We argue that perturbative contributions of the integrated correlators are given by linear combinations of periods of certain conformal Feynman graphs, which were originally introduced for the construction of perturbative loop integrands of the un-integrated correlator. This observation allows us to evaluate the integrated correlators to high loop orders. We explicitly compute one of the integrated correlators up to four loops in the planar limit, and up to three loops for the other integrated correlator, and find agreement with the results obtained from supersymmetric localisation. The identification between the integrated correlators and certain periods also implies non-trivial relations among these periods, given that one may compute the integrated correlators using localisation. We illustrate this idea by considering one of the integrated correlators at five loops in the planar limit, where the localisation result leads to a prediction for the period of a certain six-loop integral.
Black branes with cosmological constant
Authors: Deshpande Rhucha , Lunin Oleg 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
We study neutral black branes with flat and curved worldvolumes in the presence of a negative cosmological constant. We reduce the equations governing the dynamics of such objects to one second-order ODE and perform various asymptotic expansions of the resulting equation. We also analyze regular geometries which have the same symmetries as the branes and interpolate between an empty interior and AdS asymptotics. We show that the dynamics of such spacetimes is governed by the Abel equation.
A Characterization of the Vector Lattice of Measurable Functions
Authors: Cerreia-Vioglio Simone , Leonetti Paolo , Maccheroni Fabio 
Published: May 2022

AbstractGiven a probability measure space $$(X,\Sigma ,\mu )$$

(
X
,
Σ
,
μ
)

, it is well known that the Riesz space $$L^0(\mu )$$

L
0

(
μ
)

of equivalence classes of measurable functions $$f: X \rightarrow \mathbf {R}$$

f
:
X
→
R

is universally complete and the constant function $$\varvec{1}$$

1

is a weak order unit. Moreover, the linear functional $$L^\infty (\mu )\rightarrow \mathbf {R}$$

L
∞

(
μ
)

→
R

defined by $$f \mapsto \int f\,\mathrm {d}\mu $$

f
↦
∫
f

d
μ

is strictly positive and order continuous. Here we show, in particular, that the converse holds true, i.e., any universally complete Riesz space E with a weak order unit $$e>0$$

e
>
0

which admits a strictly positive order continuous linear functional on the principal ideal generated by e is lattice isomorphic onto $$L^0(\mu )$$

L
0

(
μ
)

, for some probability measure space $$(X,\Sigma ,\mu )$$

(
X
,
Σ
,
μ
)

.
All-terrain vehicle (ATV)-related injuries among different age groups: insights from a 9-year observational study
Authors: Abdelrahman Husham , Khan Naushad Ahmad , El-Menyar Ayman , Consunji Rafael , Asim Mohammad , Alani Mushrek , Shunni Adam , Al-Aieb Abubaker , Al-Thani Hassan 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To describe the epidemiology, patterns, seasonality and outcome of all-terrain vehicle-related injuries (ATVRIs) among different age groups in Qatar.

Methods
A retrospective analysis of all patients hospitalized with ATVRI from 2010 to 2018 was conducted. Data were analyzed by age, gender, seasonality, and Injury severity Score (ISS). Chi-square, Student t and ANOVA tests were used for analysis. Multivariate regression analysis was performed to find out predictors of head injury and severe injury among ATV users.

Results
Out of 15,000 trauma admissions, 521 had ATVRI (4%) with a mean age of 23.3 ± 12.3. The male-to-female ratio was 4:1 and the pediatric population represented 40%. The compliance with helmet use was 3.6%. The most injured regions were chest (29.8%), upper extremities (28.8%) and the head (25.9%). The mean ISS was 10.6 ± 7.7. Fracture fixation was the most operative intervention. Among hospitalized patients, 7.7% were transferred to rehabilitation . ATVRIs occurred more frequently between October and April and a large proportion (57.8%) occurred during weekends. The overall ATV-related hospital mortality rate was 2.1%. Young and older ATV users were more likely to suffer spine injuries than the pediatric population (p = 0.001). The mean ISS was greater in the older groups (p = 0.03). There were no statistically significant differences regarding the use of protective devices, mortality, or length of hospital stay between the different age groups. On multivariate analysis, young age and ISS were predictors of head injury among ATV users after adjusting for gender and helmet use.

Conclusion
This is a nationwide study looking at all age groups who sustained ATVRI in Qatar. ATVRIs were observed in all age groups following leisure and recreational use. It follows a seasonal pattern with poor protective measures compliance. There is a need to reinforce helmet use and raise public awareness.
Club cell protein (CC)16 as potential lung injury marker in a porcine 72 h polytrauma model
Authors: Greven Johannes , Vollrath Jan Tilmann , Bläsius Felix , He Zhizhen , Bolierakis Eftychios , Horst Klemens , Störmann Philipp , Nowak Aleksander J. , Simic Marija , Marzi Ingo , Hildebrand Frank , Relja Borna 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Polytrauma and respiratory tract damage after thoracic trauma cause about 25% of mortality among severely injured patients. Thoracic trauma can lead to the development of severe lung complications such as acute respiratory distress syndrome, and is, therefore, of great interest for monitoring in intensive care units (ICU). In recent years, club cell protein (CC)16 with its antioxidant properties has proven to be a potential outcome-related marker. In this study, we evaluated whether CC16 constitutes as a marker of lung damage in a porcine polytrauma model.

Methods
In a 72 h ICU polytrauma pig model (thoracic trauma, tibial fracture, hemorrhagic shock, liver laceration), blood plasma samples (0, 3, 9, 24, 48, 72 h), BAL samples (72 h) and lung tissue (72 h) were collected. The trauma group (PT) was compared to a sham group. CC16 as a possible biomarker for lung injury in this model, and IL-8 concentrations as known indicator for ongoing inflammation during trauma were determined by ELISA. Histological analysis of ZO-1 and determination of total protein content were used to show barrier disruption and edema formation in lung tissue from the trauma group.

Results
Systemic CC16 levels were significantly increased early after polytrauma compared vs. sham. After 72 h, CC16 concentration was significantly increased in lung tissue as well as in BAL in PT vs. sham. Similarly, IL-8 and total protein content in BAL were significantly increased in PT vs. sham. Evaluation of ZO-1 staining showed significantly lower signal intensity for polytrauma.

Conclusion
The data confirm for the first time in a larger animal polytrauma model that lung damage was indicated by systemic and/or local CC16 response. Thus, early plasma and late BAL CC16 levels might be suitable to be used as markers of lung injury in this polytrauma model.
Genetic architecture of fusarium head blight disease resistance and associated traits in Nordic spring wheat
Authors: Nannuru Vinay Kumar Reddy , Windju Susanne S. , Belova Tatiana , Dieseth Jon Arne , Alsheikh Muath , Dong Yanhong , McCartney Curt A. , Henriques Maria Antonia , Buerstmayr Hermann , Michel Sebastian , Meuwissen Theodorus H. E. , Lillemo Morten 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Key message
This study identified a significant number of QTL that are associated with FHB disease resistance in NMBU spring wheat panel by conducting genome-wide association study.

Abstract
Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a widely known devastating disease of wheat caused by Fusarium graminearum and other Fusarium species. FHB resistance is quantitative, highly complex and divided into several resistance types. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) that are effective against several of the resistance types give valuable contributions to resistance breeding. A spring wheat panel of 300 cultivars and breeding lines of Nordic and exotic origins was tested in artificially inoculated field trials and subjected to visual FHB assessment in the years 2013–2015, 2019 and 2020. Deoxynivalenol (DON) content was measured on harvested grain samples, and anther extrusion (AE) was assessed in separate trials. Principal component analysis based on 35 and 25 K SNP arrays revealed the existence of two subgroups, dividing the panel into European and exotic lines. We employed a genome-wide association study to detect QTL associated with FHB traits and identify marker–trait associations that consistently influenced FHB resistance. A total of thirteen QTL were identified showing consistent effects across FHB resistance traits and environments. Haplotype analysis revealed a highly significant QTL on 7A, Qfhb.nmbu.7A.2, which was further validated on an independent set of breeding lines. Breeder-friendly KASP markers were developed for this QTL that can be used in marker-assisted selection. The lines in the wheat panel harbored from zero to five resistance alleles, and allele stacking showed that resistance can be significantly increased by combining several of these resistance alleles. This information enhances breeders´ possibilities for genomic prediction and to breed cultivars with improved FHB resistance.
Existentially closed W*-probability spaces
Authors: Goldbring Isaac , Houdayer Cyril 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWe study several model-theoretic aspects of W$$^*$$∗-probability spaces, that is,$$\sigma $$σ-finite von Neumann algebras equipped with a faithful normal state. We first study the existentially closed W$$^*$$∗-spaces and prove several structural results about such spaces, including that they are type III$$_1$$1factors that tensorially absorb the Araki–Woods factor$$R_\infty $$R∞. We also study the existentially closed objects in the restricted class of W$$^*$$∗-probability spaces with Kirchberg’s QWEP property, proving that$$R_\infty $$R∞itself is such an existentially closed space in this class. Our results about existentially closed probability spaces imply that the class of type III$$_1$$1factors forms a$$\forall _2$$∀2-axiomatizable class. We show that for$$\lambda \in (0,1)$$λ∈(0,1), the class of III$$_\lambda $$λfactors is not$$\forall _2$$∀2-axiomatizable but is$$\forall _3$$∀3-axiomatizable; this latter result uses a version of Keisler’s Sandwich theorem adapted to continuous logic. Finally, we discuss some results around elementary equivalence of III$$_\lambda $$λfactors. Using a result of Boutonnet, Chifan, and Ioana, we show that, for any$$\lambda \in (0,1)$$λ∈(0,1), there is a family of pairwise non-elementarily equivalent III$$_\lambda $$λfactors of size continuum. While we cannot prove the same result for III$$_1$$1factors, we show that there are at least three pairwise non-elementarily equivalent III$$_1$$1factors by showing that the class of full factors is preserved under elementary equivalence.
Definition of factors associated with negative antibody response after COVID-19 vaccination in patients with hematological diseases
Authors: Rotterdam Jil , Thiaucourt Margot , Weiss Christel , Schwaab Juliana , Reiter Andreas , Kreil Sebastian , Steiner Laurenz , Fenchel Sebastian , Popp Henning D. , Hofmann Wolf-Karsten , Bonatz Karin , Gerhards Catharina , Neumaier Michael , Klein Stefan A. , Rao Sonika , Jawhar Mohamad , Saussele Susanne 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
COVID-19 in patients with hematological diseases is associated with a high mortality. Moreover, preventive vaccination demonstrated reduced efficacy and the knowledge on influencing factors is limited. In this single-center study, antibody levels of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein were measured ≥ 2 weeks after 2nd COVID-19 vaccination with a concentration ≥ 0.8 U/mL considered positive. Between July and October 2021, in a total of 373 patients (median age 64 years, 44% women) with myeloid neoplasms (n = 214, 57%), lymphoid neoplasms (n = 124, n = 33%), and other diseases (n = 35, 10%), vaccination was performed with BNT162b2 (BioNTech), mRNA-1273 (Moderna), ChADOx1 (AstraZeneca), or a combination. A total of 229 patients (61%) were on active therapy within 3 months prior vaccination and 144 patients (39%) were previously treated or treatment naïve. Vaccination-related antibody response was negative in 56/373 patients (15%): in 39/124 patients with lymphoid neoplasms, 13/214 with myeloid neoplasms, and 4/35 with other diseases. Active treatment per se was not correlated with negative response. However, rituximab and BTK inhibitor treatment were correlated significantly with a negative vaccination response, whereas younger age and chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) disease were associated with positive response. In addition, 5 of 6 patients with myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN) and negative vaccination response were on active treatment with ruxolitinib. In conclusion, a remarkable percentage of patients with hematological diseases had no response after 2nd COVID-19 vaccination. Multivariable analysis revealed important factors associated with response to vaccination. The results may serve as a guide for better protection and surveillance in this vulnerable patient cohort.
Quantitative water T2 relaxometry in the early detection of neuromuscular diseases: a retrospective biopsy-controlled analysis
Authors: Locher Noah , Wagner Benedikt , Balsiger Fabian , Scheidegger Olivier 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Objectives
To assess quantitative water T2 relaxometry for the early detection of neuromuscular diseases (NMDs) in comparison to standard qualitative MR imaging in a clinical setting.

Methods
This retrospective study included 83 patients with suspected NMD who underwent multiparametric MRI at 3 T with a subsequent muscle biopsy between 2015 and 2019. Qualitative T1-weighted and T2-TIRM images were graded by two neuroradiologists to be either pathological or normal. Mean and median water T2 relaxation times (water T2) were obtained from manually drawn volumes of interests in biopsied muscle from multi-echo sequence. Histopathologic pattern of corresponding muscle biopsies was used as a reference.

Results
In 34 patients, the T1-weighted images showed clear pathological alternations indicating late-stage fatty infiltration in NMDs. In the remaining 49 patients without late-stage changes, T2-TIRM grading achieved a sensitivity of 56.4%, and mean and median water T2 a sensitivity of 87.2% and 97.4% to detect early-stage NMDs. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis revealed an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.682, 0.715, and 0.803 for T2-TIRM, mean water T2, and median water T2, respectively. Median water T2 ranged between 36 and 42 ms depending on histopathologic pattern.

Conclusions
Quantitative water T2 relaxometry had a significantly higher sensitivity in detecting muscle abnormalities than subjective grading of T2-TIRM, prior to late-stage fatty infiltration signal alternations in T1-weighted images. Normal-appearing T2-TIRM does not rule out early-stage NMDs. Our findings suggest considering water T2 relaxometry complementary to T2-TIRM for early detection of NMDs in clinical diagnostic routine.

Key Points
• Quantitative water T2 relaxometry is more sensitive than subjective assessment of fat-suppressed T2-weighted images for the early detection of neuromuscular diseases, prior to late-stage fatty infiltration signal alternations in T1-weighted images.
• Normal-appearing muscles in fat-suppressed T2-weighted images do not rule out early-stage neuromuscular diseases.
• Quantitative water T2 relaxometry should be considered complementary to subjectively rated fat-suppressed T2-weighted images in clinical practice.
Hazard and cumulative incidence of umbilical cord metabolic acidemia at birth in fetuses experiencing the second stage of labor and pathologic intrapartum fetal heart rate requiring expedited delivery
Authors: Cavoretto Paolo Ivo , Seidenari Anna , Farina Antonio 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The aim of the study was to determine the cause-specific hazard (CSH) and the cumulative incidence function (CIF) for umbilical cord metabolic acidemia at birth (MA; pH < 7.0 and/or BE $$\le$$
≤
− 12 mmol/L) at delivery in patients experiencing the 2nd stage of labor (2STG), stratified for both FIGO-2015 pathologic intrapartum cardiotocography requiring expedited delivery (CTG_RED) and duration of 2nd stage of labor.

Methods
3459 pregnancies experiencing the 2nd stage of labor and delivering at the Division of Obstetrics and Prenatal Medicine, IRCCS Sant’Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna (Italy), were identified between 2018 and 2019. Survival analysis was used to assess CSH and CIF for MA, stratified for FIGO-2015 pathologic CTG and relevant covariates.

Results
FIGO-2015 pathological CTG with expedited operative delivery or urgent cesarean section within 10 or 20 min from diagnosis, respectively occurred in 282/3459 (8.20%). The rate of MA at delivery was 3.32% (115/3459). The spline of CSH for MA showed a direct correlation with the duration of 2STG always presenting higher values and greater slope in the presence of pathologic CTG, with plateau between 60 and 120 min and rapid increase after 120 min. The CIF at 180 min in the 2STG was 2.67% for nonpathological and 10.63% for pathological CTG_RED. Nulliparity, pathological CTG, and meconium-stained amniotic fluid resulted significant predictors of MA in our multivariable model.

Conclusion
The risk for MA increases moderately across the 2STG with nonpathological CTG and quadruples with pathological CTG_RED. Adjustment for other predictors of MA including meconium-stained amniotic fluid and nulliparity reveals a significant hazard increase for MA associated with pathologic CTG_RED.
Expression of the relaxin family peptide 4 receptor by enterochromaffin cells of the mouse large intestine
Authors: Koo Ada , Pustovit Ruslan V. , Woodward Orla R. M. , Lewis Jo E. , Gribble Fiona M. , Hossain Mohammed Akhter , Reimann Frank , Furness John B. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe gastrointestinal hormone, insulin-like peptide 5 (INSL5), is found in large intestinal enteroendocrine cells (EEC). One of its functions is to stimulate nerve circuits that increase propulsive activity of the colon through its receptor, the relaxin family peptide 4 receptor (RXFP4). To investigate the mechanisms that link INSL5 to stimulation of propulsion, we have determined the localisation of cells expressing Rxfp4 in the mouse colon, using a reporter mouse to locate cells expressing the gene. The fluorescent signal indicating the location of Rxfp4 expression was in EEC, the greatest overlap of Rxfp4-dependent labelling being with cells containing 5-HT. In fact, > 90% of 5-HT cells were positive for Rxfp4 labelling. A small proportion of cells with Rxfp4-dependent labelling was 5-HT-negative, 11–15% in the distal colon and rectum, and 35% in the proximal colon. Of these, some were identified as L-cells by immunoreactivity for oxyntomodulin. Rxfp4-dependent fluorescence was also found in a sparse population of nerve endings, where it was colocalised with CGRP. We used the RXFP4 agonist, INSL5-A13, to activate the receptor and probe the role of the 5-HT cells in which it is expressed. INSL5-A13 administered by i.p. injection to conscious mice caused an increase in colorectal propulsion that was antagonised by the 5-HT3 receptor blocker, alosetron, also given i.p. We conclude that stimuli that excite INSL5-containing colonic L-cells release INSL5 that, through RXFP4, excites 5-HT release from neighbouring endocrine cells, which in turn acts on 5-HT3 receptors of enteric sensory neurons to elicit propulsive reflexes.