bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Minoritetsdanske drenge som målgruppe i et kriminalitets­forebyggende velfærdsarbejde
Authors: Brønsted Lone Bæk 
Published: February 2022

ResuméArtiklen tager sit empiriske udgangspunkt i SSP-samarbejdet, som har den samfundsmæssige opgave at forebygge kriminalitet hos børn og unge for derved at skabe sikkerhed og tryghed for et områdes befolkning. En del af arbejdet i SSP er at lokalisere, udpege og hjælpe kriminalitetstruede børn og unge. Ved at zoome ind på denne del af arbejdet viser artiklen, hvordan et ubehag i udpegningen og kategoriseringen af en gruppe af minoritetsdanske drenge bliver synlig i samtaler som en hvisken, der rummer affekt og ambivalens. Måden, der hviskes på, er også en indgang til at forstå noget generelt om et sikkerhedsskabende velfærdsarbejdes karakter. Nemlig, at velfærdsarbejde skabes og genskabes gennem forestillinger om den velfærdstrængende anden, og at det derfor er centralt at interessere sig for, hvordan den velfærdstrængende anden beskrives og forstås. Afslutningsvis rejser artiklen et spørgsmål om, hvordan velfærdsprofessionelle inden for et pædagogisk felt fremadrettet kan håndtere, at der hersker former for hvisken og tavshed, når den professionelle samtale former sig om unge med minoritetsbaggrund med en uønsket opførsel og adfærd.
AbstractWelfare professionals’ portrayals of boys with minority background as a target group in crime preventive welfare work.The article discusses welfare professionals’ portrayals of crime-prone boys with minority background and their need for crime prevention assistance. The article shows how a discomfort in the categorization of this group of boys becomes visible in conversations like a whisper that contains affect and ambivalence. Whispering is done through hesitant and cautious speech, which is characterized by pauses, lowered voice, and difficulty in finding the right words to describe with. Whispering says something important about the nature of welfare work when this work is about securitization and is aimed at specific target groups. Namely, that welfare work is created and recreated through notions of “the needy other”, and that it is therefore central to be interested in how “the needy other” is described and understood. Finally, the article raises a question about how welfare professionals in a pedagogical field can handle forms of whispering and restraint when a professional conversation takes place about boys with minority background with unwanted behavior.
Et kontinuum over børn og unges deltagelsesformer
Authors: Bruselius-Jensen Maria 
Published: February 2022

ResumeDenne artikel sætter fokus på, hvordan den pædagogiske facilitering af deltagelsesprocesser er stærkt definerende for børn og unges mulighed for, og deres oplevelse af, at have indflydelse på forhold, som er betydningsfulde for dem. Artiklen præsenterer en dynamisk teori- og empiriinformeret forståelsesramme for børn og unges deltagelse: et deltagelseskontinuum. Forståelsesrammen er udformet på baggrund af et bredt empirisk arbejde med både børn og unge samt professionelle engageret i deltagelsesprojekter på mange forskellige arenaer. På den baggrund er det kapitlets hensigt at bidrage til at styrke og tydeliggøre valget af metoder og tilgange i det kontinuerlige pædagogiske arbejde med at rammesætte børn og unges deltagelsesmuligheder. Forståelsesrammen tydeliggør den store spændvidde af indsatser, som benyttes af professionelle i forskellige kontekster. Ved at fremhæve med hvilken tydelighed, eller utydelighed, deltagelsens forandringsskabende potentiale fremstår, anlægger modellen samtidig også et børn- og ungeperspektiv, som tydeliggør børn og unges egne oplevelser af, hvornår deltagelse i beslutnings- og forandringsprocesser opleves som meningsfulde for dem.
AbstractA continuum on young people’s forms of participation This article discusses how the pedagogical facilitation of children and young people’s participation is highly defining for their access to and perception of being able to affect conditions of importance for their everyday life. By introducing a new framework, the chapter aims to make the impact of professionally chosen methods and approaches more transparent in order to qualify pedagogical endeavors to facilitate young people’s participation. The article presents a dynamic, empirically, and theoretically informed framework to determine young people’s forms of participation: A continuum of participation. The framework is based on extensive fieldwork with both young people and professionals engaged in work to promote young people’s access to participation in a range of contexts and arenas. It makes the multitudinous forms of participation applied by professionals to facilitate young people’s participation stand more transparent. But most importantly, the continuum adopts a young people’s perspective by visually implying when young people themselves most distinctly experience to have a voice and access to make changes through their participation, but likewise, when their participation is blurred or becomes invisible.
Forudsætninger for ligeværdig deltagelse
Authors: Iversen Ann-Merete , Stubben Thomas Waring 
Published: February 2022

ResuméTrods årtiers fokus på social ligestilling viser forskning at mennesker med handicap oplever begrænsninger i indflydelsen på eget liv. Artiklen beskriver et aktionsforskningsprojekt, hvor borgere og ansatte på et bo- og beskæftigelsestilbud for mennesker med intellektuel funktionsnedsættelse samarbejder med artiklens forfattere om at udvikle en praksis, hvor forudsætningerne for borgernes med- og selvbestemmelse styrkes. Artiklen har det normative udgangspunkt, at det er en menneskeret at bestemme i eget liv og trækker teoretisk inspiration fra den amerikanske filosof Martha Nussbaum. Læseren vil blive introduceret til multimodal samskabelse som forudsætningsskabende metode til at borgeren bliver ligeværdig aktør i de rum og kontekster, hvor beslutninger træffes og indsatser tilrettelægges.
AbstractPrerequisites for equal Participation – multimodality and co-creationFor decades social equity has been widely discussed and promoted. And yet research shows that people with mental and physical disabilities experience a lack of influence on their lives. This article describes an action research project involving citizens with intellectual disabilities and other stakeholders in a shared investigation of how the practice field can take steps towards encouraging participation. Theoretical inspiration is drawn from Martha Nussbaum and the capability approach. The article introduces multimodal co-creation as a method to enhancing equity in the decision making concerning and the planning of pedagogical approaches in the field.
Engagementets pædagogik
Authors: Ahm Jacob Noer 
Published: February 2022

ResuméElevers engagement i undervisningen er afgørende for deres skolegang, fordi det er gennem et initiativrigt forhold til verden, at de lærer noget og bliver til ansvarlige mennesker. Samtidig er udviklingen af elevernes engagement i undervisningen en fælles kerneopgave for skolepædagoger og lærere i folkeskolen. En opgave der kan understøttes ved at integrere skabende arbejde med dukkeanimation i undervisningen. Men hvad kendetegner skabende arbejdsprocesser med dukkeanimation, der bidrager til at udvikle elevernes engagement i undervisningen, og hvorfor øger de engagementet? Artiklen analyserer disse spørgsmål ud fra handlingsfilosofiske perspektiver hos Dewey, Kemp og Sennett. Analysen bygger på empirien fra et interventionsstudie, hvor en klassepædagog, en dansklærer og deres 3. klasse havde temauge, hvor de skabte dukkeanimationsfilm. Gennem tre tematikker: det passive og det aktive, den foregribende gøren og engagerende materialer peger analysen på, at eleverne i det skabende æstetiske arbejde udviklede et eksistentielt engagement, hvor de ikke kun skabte filmen, men også sig selv og hinanden. Et engagement der blev understøttet af, at eleverne i det skabende arbejde skulle gøre noget aktivt med ideer, redskaber og materialer.
AbstractA Pedagogy of EngagementPupil engagement through making puppet animation filmPupil engagement in teaching activities is a crucial part of their primary schooling, because they learn something important and develop themselves as responsible human beings through meeting the world with initiative. At the same time the development of teaching activities that engages pupils, is a common core task for school pedagogues and teachers working in the Danish Primary School. A task that can be supported by integrating the making of puppet animation film in teaching activities. But what characterizes teaching activities where the making of puppet animation film contributes to the development of pupil engagement, and why do they increase engagement? This article analyzes these questions through the theoretical lens of philosophy of action using Dewey, Kemp and Sennett. The analysis uses empirical data from an intervention-based study where a school pedagogue, a mother tongue teacher and their third grade were making puppet animation film. Through three themes: the passive and the active, anticipatory actions and engaging materials the analysis points to, that the pupils in their filmmaking developed a kind of existential engagement where their own self making was a central part of the process. A kind of engagement that was supported by the fact, that the pupils in the process of making did something active with ideas, tools and materials.
Anmeldelser
Authors: Arkæologisk Selskab - 
Published: February 2022

Rica Annaert, Tim Bellens, Pieterjan Deckers, Frans Theuws, Dries Tys, Robert van Dierendonck, Luc van Impe, Johan Veeckman og Laurent Verslype (red.): Early medieval waterscapes. Risks and opportunities for (im)material cultural exchange(Jens Ulriksen)
Adam Cieśliński og Bartosz Kontny (red.): Interacting Barbarians. Contacts, Exchange and Migrations in the First Millennium AD.(Rasmus Birch Iversen)
Thomas Søes Finderup: Saga Oseberg. Rekonstruktion af et vikingeskib(Otto Uldum)
Svein H. Gullbekk og Anette Sættem: Norske Myntfunn 1050-1319, Penger, kommunikasjon og fromhetskultur(Helle W. Horsnæs)
Ole Høiris og Peter K.A. Jensen (red.): Evolutionens menneske – menneskets evolution. Om aben, der blev verdens herre(Trine Kellberg Nielsen)
Mette Svart Kristiansen & Charlotte Boje H. Andersen (red.): Bygning og bolig, gård og toft. Middelalderens Rurale Danmark(Anna Severine Beck)
Marianne Rasmussen Lindegaard: Danmarks oldtid i landskabet. Fra rensdyrjægere til vikingekongerne – 72 fortællinger om vores forfædre(Lise Frost)
Eva Mortensen & Rubina Raja (red.): Store danske arkæologer på jagt efter fortidens byer(Christopher Prescott)
Tinna Møbjerg, Ulla Mannering, Hans Rostholm og Lise Ræder Knudsen (red.): The Hammerum Burial Site. Customs and Clothing in the Roman Iron Age(Lise Bender Jørgensen)
Sigmund Oehrl: Die Bildsteine Gotlands. Probleme und neue Wege ihrer Dokumentation, Lesung und Deutung(Peter Pentz)
Lis Helles Olesen, Esben Schlosser Mauritsen & Mathias Christiansen Broch: Luftarkæologi 2. Luftfotos, droner, laser og geofysik(Ole Risbøl)
Alexandra Pesch & Michaela Helmbrecht (eds.): Gold foil figures in focus. A Scandinavian find group and related objects and images from ancient and medieval Europe. Advanced studies in ancient iconography I. Papers from an international and interdisciplinary workshop organized by the Centre for Baltic and Scandinavian Archaeology (ZBSA) in Schleswig, Schloss Gottorf, October 23rd-25th 2017(Kent Otte Laursen)
Linda Qviström: Rum utan utsikt. Fönster och ljus i medeltida byggnader(Jes Wienberg)
Lotte Reedtz Sparrewohn, Otto Thomas Kastholm & Poul Otto Nielsen (eds.): Houses for the Living. Two-aisled houses from the Neolithic and Early Bronze Age in Denmark(Mats Larsson)
Claus Frederik Sørensen: Nyborg fæstning. Middelalder & renæssance(Bjørn Westerbeek Dahl)
Jens Ulriksen: Vester Egesborg. En anløbs- og togtsamlingsplads fra yngre germansk jernalder og vikingetid på Sydsjælland(Torben Sarauw)
Jeanette Varberg: Viking. Ran, ild og sværd(Søren M. Sindbæk)
Interpretation of exercise-induced changes in human skeletal muscle mRNA expression depends on the timing of the post-exercise biopsies
Authors: Kuang Jujiao , McGinley Cian , Lee Matthew J-C , Saner Nicholas J. , Garnham Andrew , Bishop David J. 
Published: February 2022

Background
Exercise elicits a range of adaptive responses in skeletal muscle, which include changes in mRNA expression. To better understand the health benefits of exercise training, it is important to investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms of skeletal muscle adaptation to exercise. However, most studies have assessed the molecular events at only a few time-points within a short time frame post-exercise, and the variations of gene expression kinetics have not been addressed systematically.

Methods
We assessed the mRNA expression of 23 gene isoforms implicated in the adaptive response to exercise at six time-points (0, 3, 9, 24, 48, and 72 h post exercise) over a 3-day period following a single session of high-intensity interval exercise.

Results
The temporal patterns of target gene expression were highly variable and the expression of mRNA transcripts detected was largely dependent on the timing of muscle sampling. The largest fold change in mRNA expression of each tested target gene was observed between 3 and 72 h post-exercise.

Discussion and Conclusions
Our findings highlight an important gap in knowledge regarding the molecular response to exercise, where the use of limited time-points within a short period post-exercise has led to an incomplete understanding of the molecular response to exercise. Muscle sampling timing for individual studies needs to be carefully chosen based on existing literature and preliminary analysis of the molecular targets of interest. We propose that a comprehensive time-course analysis on the exercise-induced transcriptional response in humans will significantly benefit the field of exercise molecular biology.
Involvement of TOB1 on autophagy in gastric cancer AGS cells via decreasing the activation of AKT/mTOR signaling pathway
Authors: Wang Dong , Li Yunlong , Sui Shuning , Cai Mengdi , Dong Kexian , Wang Ping , Liang Xiao , Fu Songbin , Yu Jingcui 
Published: February 2022

Background
We previously identified the tumor suppressor gene TOB1 as related to gastric cancer. The purpose of this study was to explore whether TOB1 induces autophagy through the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway in gastric cancer.

Methods
Western blotting was used to detect the protein levels of TOB1, LC3, AKT, mTOR, phosphorylated (p) AKT, and p-mTOR. A double fluorescent GFP-RFP-LC3 fusion protein was used to trace autophagy by laser confocal microscopy. Autophagosomes were observed by transmission electron microscopy.

Results
The conversion of LC3-I to LC3-II and the LC3-II/LC3-I ratio were significantly increased in AGS cells overexpressing TOB1 compared with control cells. Fluorescence imaging showed LC3 puncta at 48 h, and these puncta increased significantly at 72 h after TOB1 transfection compared with control tumor cells. The presence of autophagosomes in AGS cells was observed at 72 h after TOB1 transfection by transmission electron microscopy, and no autophagosomes were found in the control cells. Moreover, the levels of p-AKT and p -mTOR were lower in AGS cells than in control cancer cells.

Conclusion
Our results provide novel insight that TOB1 might suppress gastric cancer by inducing autophagy, possibly through decreasing phosphorylation and the subsequent activation of the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.
Offline generator for digitally reconstructed radiographs of a commercial stereoscopic radiotherapy image‐guidance system
Authors: Charters John A. , Bertram Pascal , Lamb James M. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPurposeImage‐guided radiotherapy (IGRT) research sometimes involves simulated changes to patient positioning using retrospectively collected clinical data. For example, researchers may simulate patient misalignments to develop error detection algorithms or positioning optimization algorithms. The Brainlab ExacTrac system can be used to retrospectively “replay” simulated alignment scenarios but does not allow export of digitally reconstructed radiographs (DRRs) with simulated positioning variations for further analysis. Here we describe methods to overcome this limitation and replicate ExacTrac system DRRs by using projective geometry parameters contained in the ExacTrac configuration files saved for every imaged subject.MethodsTwo ExacTrac DRR generators were implemented, one with custom MATLAB software based on first principles, and the other using libraries from the Insight Segmentation and Registration Toolkit (ITK). A description of perspective projections for DRR rendering applications is included, with emphasis on linear operators in real projective space . We provide a general methodology for the extraction of relevant geometric values needed to replicate ExacTrac DRRs. Our generators were tested on phantom and patient images, both acquired in a known treatment position. We demonstrate the validity of our methods by comparing our generated DRRs to reference DRRs produced by the ExacTrac system during a treatment workflow using a manual landmark analysis as well as rigid registration with the elastix software package.ResultsManual landmarks selected between the corresponding DRR generators across patient and phantom images have an average displacement of 1.15 mm. For elastix image registrations, we found that absolute value vertical and horizontal translations were 0.18 and 0.35 mm on average, respectively. Rigid rotations were within 0.002 degrees.ConclusionCustom and ITK‐based algorithms successfully reproduce ExacTrac DRRs and have the distinctive advantage of incorporating any desired 6D couch position. An open‐source repository is provided separately for users to implement in IGRT patient positioning research.
Recent Progress in Double Network Elastomers: One Plus One is Greater Than Two
Authors: Yang Jia , Li Ke , Tang Chen , Liu Zhuangzhuang , Fan Jianghuan , Qin Gang , Cui Wei , Zhu Lin , Chen Qiang 
Published: February 2022

AbstractHuman beings cannot live without elastomers, which exist almost everywhere in human life nowadays. Although elastomers with a variety of features are developed for specific applications, a timeless topic is how to toughen them, because mechanical properties always determine the reliability and lifespan of the utilized elastomers. Toughening of a soft material has a long history and the main idea is widely accepted, i.e., building energy dissipation into the stretchy networks. Double network (DN) method is the most pioneering and representative practice of materials toughening, which is successfully applied to numerous hydrogel systems. Intensive studies on DN hydrogel systems are implemented and relevant reviews are well documented, whereas important reviews about DN elastomers are absent. In this review, recent progress on toughening elastomers using the DN strategy is reviewed. By reviewing the fabrication methods and relevant extensions, toughening mechanisms at different length scales, functionalities, and applications in sequence, it is shown how one polymer network plus another gives rise to a tough elastomer with superior mechanical properties. It is believed that this review can give some insight into existing DN elastomer systems and inspire the development of next‐generation tough soft materials.
GeAs2 Saturable Absorber for Ultrafast and Ultranarrow Photonic Applications
Authors: Liu Shunxiang , Li Gang , Zhu Feng , Huang Hongfu , Lu Jinsheng , Qu Junle , Li Liang , Wen Qiao 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAs a new IV–V group semiconductor, germanium‐diarsenide (GeAs2) compounds have attracted considerable attention due to their outstanding optical and electrical properties, thickness‐dependent bandgap, in‐plane anisotropy, and excellent optical absorption. However, the potential of GeAs2 in the field of ultrafast and ultranarrow fiber laser has not been studied. In this article, a high‐quality GeAs2 nanosheets saturable absorber (SA) is successfully prepared by liquid‐phase exfoliation. The nonlinear optical characteristics of GeAs2 nanosheets have been investigated based on a balanced twin‐detector measurement system. The modulation depth, nonsaturable loss, and saturation intensity are measured to be 5.2%, 24%, and 1.23 GW cm−2, respectively. GeAs2 has been successfully applied as an SA in an ultrafast and single‐frequency fiber laser. A stable mode‐locked laser pulses operation with a duration as short as 371 fs and a repetition rate of 8.19 MHz at a wavelength of 1560 nm is achieved. Moreover, ultranarrow fiber lasers with a high signal‐to‐noise ratio of 80 dB and a linewidth of ≈678 Hz are obtained. The findings validate that 2D GeAs2 can be used as an SA and has promising applications in ultrafast and ultranarrow photonics.
Strain‐Activated Copper Catalyst for pH‐Universal Hydrogen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Kang Wen‐Jing , Feng Yi , Li Zhe , Yang Wen‐Qi , Cheng Chuan‐Qi , Shi Zi‐Zheng , Yin Peng‐Fei , Shen Gu‐Rong , Yang Jing , Dong Cun‐Ku , Liu Hui , Ye Fu‐Xing , Du Xi‐Wen 
Published: February 2022

AbstractDeveloping low‐cost and high‐activity pH‐universal hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) catalysts is very crucial to the industrialization of water electrolysis. However, the high price, low yield, and poor stability of current HER catalysts make them difficult to meet practical requirements. Herein, a plasma spraying technique is employed to prepare self‐supported Cu catalysts with tensile strain for the first time. The tensile strain upshifts the d‐band of Cu, improves the water dissociation and H* adsorption, eventually improves the intrinsic HER catalytic activity. As such, Cu electrode achieves overpotentials of 182 mV in 0.5 m H2SO4, 261 mV in 1 M PBS, and 121 mV in 1 M KOH at 10 mA cm–2. In addition, Cu electrode also performs well at high current densities, the overpotentials at 1 A cm–2 are much lower than those of Pt foil in acid, neutral, and alkaline solutions.
3D Fiber Reinforced Hydrogel Scaffolds by Melt Electrowriting and Gel Casting as a Hybrid Design for Wound Healing
Authors: Afghah Ferdows , Iyison Necla Birgul , Nadernezhad Ali , Midi Ahmet , Sen Ozlem , Saner Okan Burcu , Culha Mustafa , Koc Bahattin 
Published: February 2022

AbstractEmerging biomanufacturing technologies have revolutionized the field of tissue engineering by offering unprecedented possibilities. Over the past few years, new opportunities arose by combining traditional and novel fabrication techniques, shaping the hybrid designs in biofabrication. One of the potential application fields is skin tissue engineering, in which a combination of traditional principles of wound dressing with advanced biofabrication methods could yield more efficient therapies. In this study, a hybrid design of fiber‐reinforced scaffolds combined with gel casting is developed and the efficiency for in vivo wound healing applications is assessed. For this purpose, 3D fiber meshes produced by melt electrowriting are selectively filled with photocrosslinkable gelatin hydrogel matrices loaded with different growth factor carrier microspheres. Additionally, the influence of the inclusion of inorganic bioactive glass particles within the composite fibrous mesh is evaluated. Qualitative evaluation of secondary wound healing criteria and histological analysis shows that hybrid scaffolds containing growth factors and bioactive glass enhances the healing process significantly, compared to the designs merely providing a fiber‐reinforced bioactive hydrogel matrix as the wound dressing. This study aims to explore a new application area for melt electrowriting as a powerful tool in fabricating hybrid therapeutic designs for skin tissue engineering.