bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Autoantibodies against apolipoprotein A‐1 after COVID‐19 predict symptoms persistence
Authors: L’Huillier Arnaud G. , Pagano Sabrina , Baggio Stephanie , Meyer Benjamin , Andrey Diego O. , Nehme Mayssam , Guessous Idris , Eberhardt Christiane S. , Huttner Angela , Posfay‐Barbe Klara M. , Yerly Sabine , Siegrist Claire‐Anne , Kaiser Laurent , Vuilleumier Nicolas 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundSARS‐CoV‐2 infection triggers different auto‐antibodies, including anti‐apolipoprotein A‐1 IgGs (AAA1), which could be of concern as mediators of persistent symptoms. We determined the kinetics of AAA1 response over after COVID‐19 and the impact of AAA1 on the inflammatory response and symptoms persistence.MethodsAll serologies were assessed at one, three, six and twelve months in 193 hospital employees with COVID‐19. ROC curve analyses and logistic regression models (LRM) were used to determine the prognostic accuracy of AAA1 and their association with patient‐reported COVID‐19 symptoms persistence at 12 months. Interferon (IFN)‐α and‐γ production by AAA1‐stimulated human monocyte‐derived macrophages (HMDM) was assessed in vitro.ResultsAAA1 seropositivity was 93% at one month and declined to 15% at 12 months after COVID‐19. Persistent symptoms at 12 months were observed in 45.1% of participants, with a predominance of neurological (28.5%), followed by general (15%) and respiratory symptoms (9.3%). Over time, strength of correlations between AAA1 and anti‐SARS‐COV2 serologies decreased, but remained significant. From the 3rd month on, AAA1 levels predicted persistent respiratory symptoms (area under the curves 0.72‐0.74; p < 0.001), independently of disease severity, age and gender (adjusted odds ratios 4.81–4.94; p = 0.02), while anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 serologies did not. AAA1 increased IFN‐α production by HMDMs (p = 0.03), without affecting the IFN‐γ response.ConclusionCOVID‐19 induces a marked though transient AAA1 response, independently predicting one‐year persistence of respiratory symptoms. By increasing IFN‐α response, AAA1 may contribute to persistent symptoms. If and how AAA1 levels assessment could be of use for COVID‐19 risk stratification remains to be determined.
The role of demographic compensation in stabilising marginal tree populations in North America
Authors: Yang Xianyu , Angert Amy L. , Zuidema Pieter A. , He Fangliang , Huang Shongming , Li Shouzhong , Li Shou‐Li , Chardon Nathalie I. , Zhang Jian 
Published: May 2022

AbstractDemographic compensation—the opposing responses of vital rates along environmental gradients—potentially delays anticipated species’ range contraction under climate change, but no consensus exists on its actual contribution. We calculated population growth rate (λ) and demographic compensation across the distributional ranges of 81 North American tree species and examined their responses to simulated warming and tree competition. We found that 43% of species showed stable population size at both northern and southern edges. Demographic compensation was detected in 25 species, yet 15 of them still showed a potential retraction from southern edges, indicating that compensation alone cannot maintain range stability. Simulated climatic warming caused larger decreases in λ for most species and weakened the effectiveness of demographic compensation in stabilising ranges. These findings suggest that climate stress may surpass the limited capacity of demographic compensation and pose a threat to the viability of North American tree populations.
Sudomotor dysfunction in people with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders
Authors: Habek Mario , Andabaka Marko , Fanciulli Alessandra , Brecl Jakob Gregor , Drulović Jelena , Leys Fabian , Di Pauli Franziska , Hegen Harald , Auer Michael , Pekmezović Tatjana , Mesaroš Šarlota , Jovičević Vanja , Junaković Anamari , Wenning Gregor K. , Deisenhammer Florian , Gabelić Tereza , Barun Barbara , Adamec Ivan , Krbot Skorić Magdalena 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackground and purposeThe aim was to determine the extent of sudomotor dysfunction in people with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (pwNMOSD) and to compare findings with a historical cohort of people with relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis (pwRRMS).MethodsForty‐eight pwNMOSD were enrolled from four clinical centers. All participants completed the Composite Autonomic Symptom Score 31 to screen for symptoms of sudomotor dysfunction. Sudomotor function was assessed using the quantitative sudomotor axon reflex test. The results were compared with a historical cohort of 35 pwRRMS matched for age, sex and disease duration.ResultsSymptoms of sudomotor dysfunction, defined by a score in the Composite Autonomic Symptom Score 31 secretomotor domain >0, were present in 26 (54%) of pwNMOSD. The quantitative sudomotor axon reflex test confirmed a sudomotor dysfunction in 25 (52.1%) of pwNMOSD; in 14 of them (29.2%) sudomotor dysfunction was moderate or severe. No difference was observed between pwNMOSD and pwRRMS in any of the studied parameters. However, symptomatic sudomotor dysfunction was more frequent in pwNMOSD (n = 8, 22.9%) compared to pwRRMS (n = 1, 3%; p = 0.028). In a multivariable logistic regression analysis, statistically significant predictors for symptomatic sudomotor failure were age and diagnosis of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder.ConclusionsSudomotor dysfunction is common in pwNMOSD and more often symptomatic compared to pwRRMS.
Molecular tracking and prevalence of the red colour morph restricted to a harvested leopard population in South Africa
Authors: Tensen Laura , Power John , Camacho Gerrie , Godinho Raquel , Jansen van Vuuren Bettine , Fischer Klaus 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe red leopard (Panthera pardus) colour morph is a colour variant that occurs only in South Africa, where it is confined to the Central Bushveld bioregion. Red leopards have been spreading over the past 40 years, which raises the speculation that the prevalence of this phenotype is related to low dispersal of young individuals owing to high off‐take in the region. Intensive selective hunting tends to remove large resident male leopards from the breeding population, which gives young male leopards the chance to mate with resident female leopards that are more likely to be their relatives, eventually increasing the frequency of rare genetic variants. To investigate the genetic mechanisms underlying the red coat colour morph in leopards, and whether its prevalence in South Africa relates to an increase in genetic relatedness in the population, we sequenced exons of six coat colour‐associated genes and 20 microsatellite loci in twenty Wild‐type and four red leopards. The results were combined with demographic data available from our study sites. We found that red leopards own a haplotype in homozygosity identified by two SNPs and a 1 bp deletion that causes a frameshift in the tyrosinase‐related protein 1 (TYRP1), a gene known to be involved in the biosynthesis of melanin. Microsatellite analyses indicate clear signs of a population bottleneck and a relatedness of 0.11 among all pairwise relationships, eventually supporting our hypothesis that a rare colour morph in the wild has increased its local frequency due to low natal dispersal, while subject to high human‐induced mortality rate.
Anoxia decreases the magnitude of the carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus sink in freshwaters
Authors: Carey Cayelan C. , Hanson Paul C. , Thomas R. Quinn , Gerling Alexandra B. , Hounshell Alexandria G. , Lewis Abigail S. L. , Lofton Mary E. , McClure Ryan P. , Wander Heather L. , Woelmer Whitney M. , Niederlehner B. R. , Schreiber Madeline E. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractOxygen availability is decreasing in many lakes and reservoirs worldwide, raising the urgency for understanding how anoxia (low oxygen) affects coupled biogeochemical cycling, which has major implications for water quality, food webs, and ecosystem functioning. Although the increasing magnitude and prevalence of anoxia has been documented in freshwaters globally, the challenges of disentangling oxygen and temperature responses have hindered assessment of the effects of anoxia on carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus concentrations, stoichiometry (chemical ratios), and retention in freshwaters. The consequences of anoxia are likely severe and may be irreversible, necessitating ecosystem‐scale experimental investigation of decreasing freshwater oxygen availability. To address this gap, we devised and conducted REDOX (the Reservoir Ecosystem Dynamic Oxygenation eXperiment), an unprecedented, 7‐year experiment in which we manipulated and modeled bottom‐water (hypolimnetic) oxygen availability at the whole‐ecosystem scale in a eutrophic reservoir. Seven years of data reveal that anoxia significantly increased hypolimnetic carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus concentrations and altered elemental stoichiometry by factors of 2–5× relative to oxic periods. Importantly, prolonged summer anoxia increased nitrogen export from the reservoir by six‐fold and changed the reservoir from a net sink to a net source of phosphorus and organic carbon downstream. While low oxygen in freshwaters is thought of as a response to land use and climate change, results from REDOX demonstrate that low oxygen can also be a driver of major changes to freshwater biogeochemical cycling, which may serve as an intensifying feedback that increases anoxia in downstream waterbodies. Consequently, as climate and land use change continue to increase the prevalence of anoxia in lakes and reservoirs globally, it is likely that anoxia will have major effects on freshwater carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus budgets as well as water quality and ecosystem functioning.
Late recurrence in patients with non‐muscle‐invasive bladder cancer after 5‐year cancer‐free periods
Authors: Hirata Yurie , Higuchi Madoka , Osawa Takahiro , Hinotsu Shiro , Harabayashi Toru , Mochizuki Tango , Enami Nobuyasu , Nounaka Osamu , Shinno Yuichiro , Kikuchi Hiroshi , Matsumoto Ryuji , Abe Takashige , Murai Sachiyo , Shinohara Nobuo 
Published: May 2022

ObjectivesThere is no consensus about the follow‐up schedule after 5‐year cancer‐free periods. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the risk factors for the recurrence in patients with non‐muscle‐invasive bladder cancer who remained cancer free for more than 5 years.MethodsData from six Japanese institutions were retrospectively reviewed. Among the patients with non‐muscle‐invasive bladder cancer who were treated with transurethral resection of bladder tumor between 1990 and 2013, those who had no recurrence for more than 5 years were included in this study. The Kaplan–Meier method and Cox hazards model were used to estimate recurrence‐free survival and to determine the pathologic and clinical factors affecting late recurrence.ResultsIn total, 434 patients were enrolled in this study. Of these patients, 55 patients (12.7%) experienced late recurrence. The median follow‐up time was 8.9 years (interquartile range 6.9–11.3 years). Prior history of bladder cancer before the most recent transurethral resection was a significant predictor for late recurrence (hazard ratio 1.99 [95% confidence interval 1.13–3.47], P = 0.019), although other clinical factors including tumor grade, pathologic stage, tumor multiplicity, and current risk classification systems were not associated with late recurrence.ConclusionsLate recurrence after a long tumor‐free period is not rare and it was not predicted by current risk classification systems. Only prior history of bladder cancer was a significant predictor for late recurrence in this study.
Communication pathways from the emergency department to community mental health services: A systematic review
Authors: McIntyre Heather , Reeves Verity , Loughhead Mark , Hayes Laura , Procter Nicholas 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis systematic review synthesizes existing peer reviewed evidence reporting on evaluated strategies used for enhancing communication pathways for continuity of care between the emergency department and mental health community supports. Following the PRISMA guidelines and the PICO framework, this review was conducted between January and July 2021. Included articles needed to evaluate communication pathway interventions for continuity of care between the emergency department and mental health community services which support service users with mental health and/or suicidal crisis. The seven included studies identified three support coordination interventions, two motivational interviewing interventions, an electronic record enhanced strategy and results from a phone follow‐up study. This review demonstrates that support coordination, motivational interviewing, education, or an enhanced electronic record strategy can improve continuity of care, and in some cases, reduce the need for people to re‐present to ED when they are experiencing mental health concerns or suicidal crisis. Results of this review reveal that a multipronged approach of communication pathways for continuity of care would enable more effective connections with mental health community supports and enable better outcomes for people requiring services.
Kr ion irradiation study of polymer‐derived SiFeOC–C–SiC nanocomposite
Authors: Lu Kathy , Singh Sanjay Kumar Devendhar , Shao Lin 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis study focuses on the pyrolysis and ion irradiation behaviors of polymer‐derived SiFeOC–C–SiC ceramic. The pyrolyzed material is composed of SiO2 and SiOC (amorphous), carbon (amorphous and turbostratic), and Fe3Si and β‐SiC (nanocrystalline). Irradiation was carried out at both room temperature and 600°C using 400 keV Kr ions with fluences of 4 × 1015 and 1 × 1016 ions cm−2, respectively. The Fe3Si and SiC nanocrystals are stable against irradiation up to 3 displacement per atom (dpa) at room temperature and up to 12 dpa at 600°C. The SiOC tetrahedrals show phase separation and minor carbothermal reduction. The high irradiation resistance and the dense, defect‐free amorphous microstructure of SiFeOC–C–SiC after prolonged irradiation demonstrate its great potential for advanced nuclear reactor applications.
Surfactant pollution, an emerging threat to ecosystem: Approaches for effective bacterial degradation
Authors: Arora Jayati , Ranjan Anuj , Chauhan Abhishek , Biswas Rima , Rajput Vishnu D. , Sushkova Svetlana , Mandzhieva Saglara , Minkina Tatiana , Jindal Tanu 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe use of surfactants in households and industries is inevitable and so is their discharge into the environment, especially into the water bodies as effluents. Being surface-active agents, their utilization is mostly seen in soaps, detergents, personal care products, emulsifiers, wetting agents, etc. Anionic surfactants are the most used class. These surfactants are responsible for the foam and froth in the water bodies and cause potential adverse effects to both biotic and abiotic components of the ecosystem. Surfactants are capable of penetrating the cell membrane and thus cause toxicity to living organisms. Accumulation of these compounds has been known to cause significant gill damage and loss of sight in fish. Alteration of physiological and biochemical parameters of water decreases the amount of dissolved oxygen and thus affecting the entire ecosystem. Microbes utilizing surfactants as substrates for energy form the basis of the biodegradation of these compounds. The main organisms for surfactant biodegradation, both in sewage and natural waters, are bacteria. Several Pseudomonas and Bacillus spp. have shown efficient degradation of anionic surfactants namely: sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS), linear alkylbenzene sulphonate (LAS), sodium dodecylbenzenesulphonate (SDBS). Also, several microbial consortia constituting Alcaligenes spp., Citrobacter spp., etc. have shown efficacy in the degradation of surfactants. The biodegradation efficiency studies of these microbes/microbial consortia would be of immense help in formulating better solutions for the bioremediation of surfactants and help to reduce their potential environmental hazards.
Patient‐reported outcomes and costs associated with vascular closure and same‐day discharge following atrial fibrillation ablation
Authors: Steinberg Benjamin A. , Woolley Shannon , Li Haojia , Crawford Candice , Groh Christopher A. , Navaravong Leenhapong , Ranjan Ravi , Zenger Brian , Zhang Yue , Bunch T. Jared 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundWe aimed to measure patient‐reported outcomes (PROs) and costs associated with same‐day discharge (SDD) for atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation and vascular closure device implantation in clinical practice.MethodsPROs were prospectively measured in 50 AF ablation patients, comparing complete vascular device closure (n = 25) versus manual compression hemostasis (n = 25). Health‐system costs for SDD patients receiving vascular device closure were compared to matched controls with one‐night stays who did not receive any closure device.ResultsProspectively enrolled patients receiving vascular device closure for AF ablation had a mean age of 65 years, 17% were female, with a mean CHA2DS2‐VASc score of 3. The mean number of venous sheaths was higher among patients receiving vascular device closure (3.8 vs. 3.1, p < 0.001), and there was one case of rebleeding in a patient receiving a vascular closure device (no other complications). Same‐day discharge rates (76% vs. 8.3%, p < 0.001), patient satisfaction with bedrest time (8.5 vs. 6, p = 0.004) and with pain (8 vs. 5.1, p = 0.009) were significantly better among patients receiving vascular closure. In matched analyses of health‐system costs, patients with vascular closure had mean age 66, 32% were female, and the mean CHA2DS2‐VASc score was 2 (p = NS vs. controls). SDD with vascular closure was associated with the significantly lower facility, pharmacy, and disposable costs, but higher implant costs. Overall costs for ablation were not significantly different (mean difference 1.10%, 95% confidence interval [CI] −3.03 to 5.42).ConclusionsVascular closure for AF ablation improves patient experience in routine care. The use of vascular closure and SDD after AF ablation reduces several components of healthcare system costs, without an overall increase.
Initial experience of left bundle branch area pacing using stylet‐driven pacing leads: A multicenter study
Authors: De Pooter Jan , Ozpak Emine , Calle Simon , Peytchev Peter , Heggermont Ward , Marchandise Sebastien , Provenier Frank , Francois Bart , Anné Wim , Pollet Peter , Barbraud Cynthia , Gillis Kris , Timmermans Frank , Van Heuverswyn Frederic , Tung Roderick , Wauters Aurélien , le Polain de Waroux Jean‐Benoit 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundLeft bundle branch area pacing (LBBAP) has been performed exclusively using lumen‐less pacing leads (LLL) with fixed helix design. This registry study explores the safety and feasibility of LBBAP using stylet‐driven leads (SDL) with extendable helix design in a multicenter patient population.MethodsThis study prospectively enrolled consecutive patients who underwent LBBAP for bradycardia pacing or heart failure indications at eight Belgian hospitals. LBBAP was attempted using SDL (Solia S60; Biotronik) delivered through dedicated delivery sheath (Selectra3D). Implant success, complications, procedural, and pacing characteristics were recorded at implant and follow‐up.ResultsThe study enrolled 353 patients (mean age 76 ± 39 years, 43% female). The mean number of implants per center was 25 (range: 5–162). Overall, LBBAP with SDL was successful in 334/353 (94%), varying from 93% to 100% among centers. Pacing response was labeled as left bundle branch pacing in 73%, whereas 27% were labeled as myocardial capture. Mean paced QRS duration and stimulus to left ventricular activation time measured 126 ± 21 ms and 74 ± 17. SDL‐LBBAP resulted in low pacing thresholds (0.6 ± 0.4 V at 0.4 ms), which remained stable at 12 months follow‐up (0.7 ± 0.3, p = .291). Lead revisions for SDL‐LBBAP occurred in 5 (1.4%) patients occurred during a mean follow up of 9 ± 5 months. Five (1.4%) septal coronary artery fistulas and 8 (2%) septal perforations occurred, none of them causing persistent ventricular septal defects.ConclusionThe use of SDL to achieve LBBAP is safe and feasible, characterized by high implant success in low and high volume centers, low complication rates, and stable low pacing thresholds.
C1q tumor necrosis factor‐related protein 4 is associated with coronary artery disease in patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Gao Jie , Lu Jun , Qiu Junhui , Sun Dusang , Xu Bilin , Wang Zhihua , Lei Tao 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAims/IntroductionTo evaluate the correlation of circulating C1q tumor necrosis factor‐related protein 4 (CTRP4) with coronary artery disease (CAD) in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.MethodsA total of 240 individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus were enrolled in our center between January 2020 and December 2020. They were assigned into two groups, including the CAD and non‐CAD groups, based on coronary angiography or computed tomography angiography findings. Serum CTRP4 levels were detected by an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay kit. The association of CTRP4 with CAD was determined by logistic regression analysis. The predictive value of CTRP4 for CAD was calculated by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.ResultsMedian serum CTRP4 amounts were markedly elevated in the CAD group in comparison with the non‐CAD group (10.37 vs 3.75 ng/mL, P < 0.01). Binary logistic regression showed that CTRP4 was associated with CAD and even the amount of coronary artery lesions (P < 0.05). In receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was greater for CTRP4 compared with HbA1c or CRP (0.87 vs 0.74, 0.87 vs 0.80, P < 0.01). The area under the curve for CTRP4 and glycated hemoglobin in combination was larger than that obtained for CTRP4 combined with CRP (0.91 vs 0.87, P < 0.01). According to the maximum Youden index criteria, the optimal cut‐off of CTRP4 was 5.42 ng/mL, which yielded a sensitivity of 84.4% and a specificity of 76.7% in predicting CAD in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.ConclusionsSerum CTRP4 levels are positively correlated with CAD occurrence and severity. Combining CTRP4 and glycated hemoglobin has a better predictive value for CAD in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.