bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the safety and effectiveness of tubal inflammatory drugs in patients with incomplete tubal obstruction after four-dimensional hysterosalpingo-contrast-sonography examination
Authors: Zhang Yue , Wang Qin , Gao Chun-yan , Tian Hong-ju , He Wen-jiao , Zhang Xi , Xiong Xi 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
To investigate the safety and effectiveness of tubal inflammatory drugs in patients with incomplete tubal obstruction of at least one side after four-dimensional hysterosalpingo-contrast-sonography (4D-HyCoSy) examination.

Methods
Two hundred fifteen cases of tubal incomplete obstruction were diagnosed by ultrasonography from February 2019 to November 2020.According to retrospective analysis,the patients in this study were divided into experimental and control groups; the experimental group combined with salpingitis drugs, and the control group received blank control. Basic information, degree of pain, postoperative complications, and pregnancy rate were then compared between the two groups.

Results
Compared with the control group, there was no significant difference in the basic information; in preoperative, intraoperative, or postoperative pain; or in postoperative complications (P > 0.05). The cumulative pregnancy rate of the experimental group (26.8%) was statistically different from that of the control group (14.4%) (P < 0.05).

Conclusions
We observed that for infertile patients with incomplete obstruction of at least one fallopian tube as diagnosed by contrast-enhanced ultrasonography, salpingitis-treatment drugs effectively improved the pregnancy rate postoperatively, with high effectiveness and safety. This regimen is thus worthy of further investigation and promotion in the future.
The effect of mildly stimulated cycle versus artificial cycle on pregnancy outcomes in overweight/obese women with PCOS prior to frozen embryo transfer: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Guan Lu , Wu Haicui , Wei Chaofeng , Pang Conghui , Liu Danqi , Yu Xiaona , Xiang Shan , Lian Fang 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundPrevious studies have shown that frozen embryo transfer (FET) resulted in increased live birth rates (LBR) and reduced the risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) than did fresh embryo transfer in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). In addition, overweight/obese women with PCOS are at increased risk of subfertility and complications of pregnancy, compared with normal-weight women. The ovarian stimulation and artificial hormone regimes are the two more commonly used endometrial preparation protocols in PCOS patients.This retrospective study aims to compare the pregnancy outcomes of mildly stimulated cycles (mSTC) and artificial cycles (AC) prior to FET in overweight/obese women with PCOS.MethodsA retrospective analysis was conducted in overweight/obese women with PCOS who underwent their first FET cycles from January 2018 to December 2020. Two endometrial preparation protocols were used: the mildly stimulated cycles (N = 173) and the artificial cycles (N = 507). All pregnancy outcomes were analyzed by Student’st-test, Chi-square (χ2) statistics and multivariable logistic regression analyses.ResultsThis study enrolled 680 cases of FET cycles. The mSTC group exhibited significantly higher LBR compared with the AC group (49.7% vs. 41.0%;P = 0.046), while the rate of miscarriage was significantly lower (6.4% vs. 23.0%;P < 0.001). No statistically significant differences were observed in positive pregnancy rate (57.8% vs. 60.0%,P = 0.618), clinical pregnancy rate (54.3% vs. 55.6%,P = 0.769), and ectopic pregnancy rate (2.1% vs. 3.2%,P = 0.860) between two groups. After adjusting for possible confounding factors, multivariate logistic regression analysis also yielded similar results.ConclusionsFor overweight/obese women with PCOS, mSTC-FET demonstrated a higher LBR and a lower pregnancy loss rate than that in the AC-FET. When considering the most cost-effective treatment with the least adverse effects on patients, the mSTC for FET endometrial preparation may be considered. To corroborate our findings, additional prospective randomized clinical trials with larger sample sizes are required.
Efficacy of first-line treatments in the elderly and non-elderly patients with advanced epidermal growth factor receptor mutated, non-small cell lung cancer: a network meta-analysis
Authors: Xu Ziyi , Liu Chengcheng , Zhu Yixiang , Zou Zihua , Xie Tongji , Xing Puyuan , Wang Le , Li Junling 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectiveEpidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are the current standard of care for advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients harboringEGFRactivating mutations. However, the optimal strategy for elderly NSCLC patients is still under debate. This study was designed to explore the optimal first-line regimens by comparing diverse strategies for elderly and non-elderlyEGFR-mutated NSCLC patients.MethodsA systematic review was conducted to summarize all available randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases, and international conferences before September 30, 2020. The primary outcome was progression free survival (PFS), and the secondary outcome was overall survival (OS). A network meta-analysis (NMA) was constructed using the Bayesian statistical model to synthesize the survival outcomes of all the treatments.ResultsIn total, 12 RCTs were deemed eligible for inclusion with 3779 patients who have received 10 diverse treatments includingEGFR-TKIs. Results from the Bayesian ranking suggested that osimertinib was most likely to rank the first in overall population and in elderly patients in PFS, with the cumulative probabilities of 42.20% and 31.46%, respectively. In non-elderly group (younger than 65 years old), standard of care (SoC, representing first-generationEGFR-TKIs in this NMA) + chemotherapy ranked the first (31.66%). As for OS, SoC + chemotherapy ranked first in all patients (64.33%), patients younger than 65 years old (61.98%), or older than 65 years old (34.45%).ConclusionThe regimen of osimertinib is associated with the most favorable PFS in elderly advancedEGFR-mutated NSCLC patients, while SoC + chemotherapy is the optimal strategy in PFS for non-elderly NSCLC patients harboringEGFRactivating mutations, and in OS for both elderly and non-elderlyEGFR-mutated advanced NSCLC patients.Trial registrationINPLASY protocol 202010006110.37766/inplasy2020.20.0061.
Adjunctive vitamin D therapy in various diseases in children: a scenario according to standard guideline
Authors: Arshad Hafsa , Khan Faiz Ullah , Ahmed Naveed , Anwer Naveed , Gillani Ali Hassan , Rehman Asim.ur. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Adherence to standard guidelines is imperative when question comes to disease management. The present study aimed to evaluate the administration of adjunctive vitamin D therapy in various diseases, its adherence to standard guideline and the effect of socioeconomic status on the consumption of vitamin D in children.

Methods
Cross sectional observational study was conducted among 400 ambulatory pediatric patients at Children’s Hospital, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences Islamabad, from November 2017 to June 2018. Data were collected by a self-designed structured questionnaire from the patient’s medical chart. Adjunctive vitamin D therapy adherence was evaluated by the U. S endocrinology clinical practice guideline of vitamin D deficiency. The association between socioeconomic status and consumption of vitamin D was examined by chi-square. Alpha value (p ≤ 0.005) was considered statistically significant. Statistical analysis was done by SPSS version 25.

Results
In 400 patients, 9 diseases and 21 comorbid conditions were identified, in which adjunctive vitamin D therapy was prescribed. Adherence to vitamin D testing in high-risk vitamin D deficiency diseases as; seizures (3.8%), bone deformities (13.3%), steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (0.0%), cerebral palsy (5.9%) and meningitis (14.3%). Adherence to prescribed vitamin D dose was in (41.3%) patients in various diseases. Significant association (p < 0.05) was found between socioeconomic status and consumption of vitamin D in children and mothers.

Conclusions
It was found that adjunctive vitamin D was being prescribed in various diseases and comorbidities. Overall poor adherence to the standard guideline was observed in disease management in children. Low socioeconomic status affects vitamin D supplementation consumption in children.
Food and nutrient intake of school-aged children in Lebanon and their adherence to dietary guidelines and recommendations
Authors: Nasreddine Lara , Hwalla Nahla , Al Zahraa Chokor Fatima , Naja Farah , O’Neill Lynda , Jomaa Lamis 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundLebanon, an Eastern Mediterranean country, is witnessing a remarkable nutrition transition, and the diets of school-aged children may be amongst those most affected. However, limited studies have examined the food consumption patterns and nutrient adequacy in this age group.ObjectivesThe present study aimed to evaluate the dietary intakes of school-aged children in Lebanon and assess their adherence to nutrition guidelines and recommendations.MethodsThis study used data for 4–13 y-old children (n = 711) from a national cross-sectional survey conducted in 2014–2015 on a representative sample of Lebanese households with children. Dietary intake was assessed using single 24-h recall method. Estimated food group and nutrient intakes were compared to dietary recommendations and age-specific dietary reference intakes (DRI), including Estimated Average Requirements (EAR) and Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR). Food group, energy, macro- and micro-nutrient intakes were presented for all children in the sample and stratified by age (4–8 y and 9–13 y) and sex.ResultsMean energy intake of 4–13-year-old children was 1804 kcal/d. Almost half of the energy was provided by carbohydrates while 12% of children had protein intakes below EAR. Approximately three-quarters of children (4–13 y) exceeded the AMDR for total fat and saturated fats, and a similar proportion over consumed added sugars. The main sources of energy intake (EI) among children were the sweets, sweetened beverages and desserts followed by grains and mixed dishes. No significant differences were noted in %EI from different food groups, by sex, in either age groups. The highest adherence of children to food group recommendations was observed for the grains’ food group (47.2–54.4%EI), while the lowest adherence was found for vegetables (3.1–14.1%EI). A high prevalence of vitamin and mineral inadequacies was noted amongst 4–13 y old children for key micronutrients, including vitamin D (99%), calcium (81%), and vitamin A (69.5%). Risk of inadequate micronutrient intakes was significantly increased among the older age group (p-value < 0.05).ConclusionNutrient intakes of school-aged children in Lebanon reflect suboptimal nutrition. Educational and public health interventions are needed to promote healthier diets among children and prevent micronutrient deficiencies during this critical phase.
Evidence of areca nut consumption in the United States mainland: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Tami-Maury Irene , Nethan Suzanne , Feng Jessy , Miao Hongyu , Delclos George , Mehrotra Ravi 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundAreca nut (AN) is an addictive substance consumed in the Southeast region and is highly associated with oral premalignant lesions and oral cancer. The impact of AN use in the United States (US) is largely unknown, but the products are readily available and probably used by a significant fraction of Asian immigrants or descendants living in the US. We aimed at assessing AN use prevalence among the Asian community in Houston, Texas.MethodsA cross-sectional questionnaire was used to interview adult individuals (≥ 18 years of age) who self-identified as Asian immigrants or descendants residing in Houston. Means, frequencies, and proportions were reported. Factors associated with AN use were evaluated using logistic regression.ResultsWe surveyed 275 individuals (58% women, 43% between 35–54 years old, 67% born outside of the US, and 6% concurrent smokers). Among respondents, 91% were familiar with AN products, 17% self-reported ever use of AN products in the US, and 31% had friends/family members who were AN ever users. AN use was significantly associated with being Indian Subcontinent immigrants or descendants (ISID) (OR = 3·9; CI: 1·10,13·81;p = 0·035) and having friends/family members using AN products (OR = 6·2; CI: 1·69, 22·69;p = 0·006).ConclusionsOur findings provide quantitative data on the prevalence of AN ever use and context for future AN prevention and cessation interventions specific to the Southeast Asian groups living in the US mainland. This is crucial for the prevention and control of oral cancer and other detrimental conditions related to AN consumption.
How to improve public health literacy based on polycentric public goods theory: preferences of the Chinese general population
Authors: Gao Yaxin , Zhu Li , Mao Zi Jun 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
In the current era of big data, it is critical to address people’s demand for health literacy. At present, the traditional mode of communicating scientific health knowledge and information technology is interchangeable, resulting in the emergence of a new mode of communicating health literacy. To publicize health education and health literacy in a targeted way, to meet the public’s needs, and to understand how the public’s demand for subjects, contents, and forms of health literacy service has changed in the era of COVID-19, the investigation of public’s demand for health information and health literacy was conducted.

Objective
This study aims to understand the differences in demand for health literacy service providers, contents, channels, forms, and facilities among Chinese citizens with different genders, ages, education levels, economic conditions, and living environments, and to provide reasonable recommendations for developing public health literacy.

Methods
Questionnaire Star was used to conduct a large sample of random online surveys. In Wuhan, Hubei Province, 2184 questionnaires were issued, 8 invalid questionnaires were eliminated, and 2176 were recovered, with an effective rate of 99.6%. IBM SPSS Statistics 20 was utilized to analyze the survey data.

Results
(1) In health literacy service providers selected by the public, the proportion of government departments or government collaboration with other institutions exceeded 73%, indicating that health literacy services are public goods; (2) access to health literacy services was lower in township areas than in urban areas (P < 0.001, 3) internet media and communicating with acquaintances, which have the highest popularity rate, were also the two channels that were least trusted by the public; and (4) the differences in contents and service channels of health literacy among residents with different genders, ages, education levels, economic status, and living environments were statistically significant.

Conclusions
(1) It is recommended to establish an integrated health literacy service model with multi-center supply. Government departments, medical institutions, and media should cooperate effectively to provide health literacy services. (2) The government should pay attention to the fairness of health education and strengthen the supply of health literacy services in township areas. (3) It is critical to strengthen the public’s ability to discriminate network information and pay attention to scientific thinking cultivation. (4) Health literacy service providers must focus on the differences between public demands and improve the connotation of health literacy services.
Validation of the medium and short version of CENSOPAS-COPSOQ: a psychometric study in the Peruvian population
Authors: Lucero-Perez Martha R. , Sabastizagal Iselle , Astete-Cornejo Jonh , Burgos Miguel Angel , Villarreal-Zegarra David , Moncada Salvador 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
The presence of psychosocial risks at work are associated with mental and physical health issues in workers. The study aim was to adapt the COPSOQ-ISTAS21 (Spanish version of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire and Union Institute of Work, Environment and Health) Medium-Version to the Peruvian context and to develop a Short-Version of the instrument.

Method
Cross-sectional design study. The COPSOQ-ISTAS21 Medium Version was used. A confirmatory factor analysis was performed to determine the internal structure of each subdimension (first-order) and dimension (second-order) using the Robust Maximum Likelihood estimation method, and classic fit indices in the literature (CFI, SRMR, RMSEA). Internal consistency was evaluated using the alpha and omega coefficients. A short version was developed based on the items with the highest factorial load and that reduce the factorial complexity.

Results
A total of 1707 participants were evaluated. In the confirmatory factor analysis, the goodness-of-fit indices for seventeen of the 20 one-dimensional models (subdimensions) were identified; two subdimensions could not be evaluated because they presented only two items. When conducting a multidimensional analysis, we identified that all second-order models presented optimal goodness-of-fit indices, except “psychological demands at work”. Finally, a short version of only 31 items was designed from the items with optimal fit indices.

Conclusions
The new adapted versions of COPSOQ-ISTAS21 were renamed CENSOPAS-COPSOQ (National center of occupational health and environment protection for health -in Spanish- and Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire). The CENSOPAS-COPSOQ is an instrument with sufficient evidence of validity and reliability in its medium and short version, which is why its use is recommended in Peruvian work centers to identify the evaluation and prevention of psychosocial risks at work in Peru.
The effect of TGF-β1 polymorphisms on pulmonary disease progression in patients with cystic fibrosis
Authors: Trojan T. , Alejandre Alcazar Miguel A. , Fink G. , Thomassen J. C. , Maessenhausen M. V. , Rietschel E. , Schneider P. M. , van Koningsbruggen-Rietschel S. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Transforming Growth Factor-β1 (TGF-β1) is a genetic modifier in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). Several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of TGF-β1 are associated with neutrophilic inflammation, lung fibrosis and loss of pulmonary function.

Aim
The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between genetic TGF-β1 polymorphisms and pulmonary disease progression in CF patients. Furthermore, the effect of TGF-β1 polymorphisms on inflammatory cytokines in sputum was investigated.

Methods
56 CF-patients and 62 controls were genotyped for three relevant SNPs in their TGF-β1 sequence using the SNaPshot® technique. Individual “slopes” in forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) for all patients were calculated by using documented lung function values of the previous five years. The status of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pa) infection was determined. Sputum concentrations of the protease elastase, the serine protease inhibitor elafin and the cytokines IL-1β, IL-8, IL-6, TNF-α were measured after a standardized sputum induction and processing.

Results
The homozygous TT genotype at codon 10 was associated with a lower rate of chronic Pa infection (p < 0.05). The heterozygous GC genotype at codon 25 was associated with lower lung function decline (p < 0.05). Patients with homozygous TT genotype at the promotor SNP showed higher levels of TNF-α (p < 0,05). Higher levels of TGF-β1 in plasma were associated with a more rapid FEV1 decline over five years (p < 0.05).

Conclusions
Our results suggest that polymorphisms in the TGF-β1 gene have an effect on lung function decline, Pa infection as well as levels of inflammatory cytokines. Genotyping these polymorphisms could potentially be used to identify CF patients with higher risk of disease progression. TGF-β1 inhibition could potentially be developed as a new therapeutic option to modulate CF lung disease.
A qualitative investigation of the perceptions of complementary and alternative medicine among adults in Hawaiʻi
Authors: Odegard Brittany R. , Ferguson Mollie R. , Naja Farah , Ayoub Jennifer , Banna Jinan 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is defined as a group of diverse medical and healthcare practices outside of conventional medicine modalities. The use of CAM is steadily increasing despite gaps in the scientific evidence supporting its use and the challenges of its regulation and integration into conventional healthcare practices. In this context, perceptions concerning CAM become important. The purpose of this study is to identify the perceptions of CAM among adult residents of Hawaiʻi.

Methods
Two researchers conducted audio-recorded interviews at the University of Hawaiʻi Mānoa (UHM) campus. Participants were over the age of 18, spoke English fluently, and self-identified as Hawaiʻi residents. Interviews were conducted to the point of data saturation and audio recordings were transcribed verbatim. Researchers collaboratively developed a codebook and used NVivo 12 to analyze transcripts. New codes were added as required. Inter-rater reliability was determined by calculating Cohen’s kappa coefficient. Key themes were identified by both researchers individually and then discussed and evaluated together.

Results
Participants were mostly female, white, and affiliated with UHM. Perceptions were categorized as positive, negative, and neutral. The majority of participants had positive perceptions of CAM with few reporting negative perceptions. The positive perceptions were related to CAM’s perceived effectiveness, the desirability of CAM compared to conventional medicine, and CAM’s ability to foster well-being. Negative perceptions were attributed to the lack of scientific evidence and ineffective outcomes of CAM use. Neutral perceptions of CAM related to its safety and natural characteristics.

Conclusions
The study found mainly positive perceptions of CAM among Hawaiʻi residents. Use of CAM is on the rise despite CAM lacking robust empirical evidence demonstrating efficacy across various medical conditions. With insufficient data and understanding of current medical literature, CAM users place themselves at risk for harmful herb-herb and herb-drug interactions. These findings have implications for healthcare providers of both conventional medicine and CAM traditions.