bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Absorption of Millimeter- and Micrometer-sized Droplets on Nylon Powder
Authors: Tan Hua 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Absorption of droplet by the powder media is a ubiquitous phenomenon in many natural and engineering processes, in which the diameter of droplets ranges from tens of micrometers (μm) to a few millimeters (mm) depending on the specific condition. In this study, we investigate the absorption process following the impact of the droplet with radii varying from mm- to μm-scale on nylon powder substrate. The fluid properties are varied by mixing the deionized water with isopropyl alcohol at different volume ratios. A syringe pipette tip is used to generate droplets of diameter ranging from 2.08 to 2.30 mm, whereas a drop-on-demand inkjet device is used to dispense droplets of diameter ranging from 88 to 140 μm. The absorption process of the single droplet is captured by a high-speed imaging system. We find that for mm- and μm-droplets there exists different critical surface tension below which the imbibition into the nylon powder can occur. With the proposed nondimensionalization process, the scattered data of dimensionless absorbed volume V and dimensionless time τ for different fluids generally collapse into a power law relation V~ τα, where the exponent α for mm-sized and μm-sized droplets is 0.856 and 0.518, respectively. The experimental data of μm droplets generally agree with the prediction of the Washburn equation for the unidirectional capillary flow, i.e. V~ τ 0.5. However, the results of mm-droplets favor more the prediction of the 3D radial flow (i.e., a hemispherically advancing infiltration front inside the powder), V~ τ.
Polyoxometalate based hybrids: Synthesis of metal complexes and investigation of their electrochemical, photophysical and biological properties
Authors: Güngör Seyit Ali , Karaboyun Mete , Tümer Ferhan , Toroğlu Sevil , Tümer Mehmet 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
α-Keggin POM based compounds (KL1-KL3) were synthesized from the reactions between imine ligands (HL1-HL3) and α-Keggin-type polyoxometalates and their structures were characterized by various instrumental methods. In addition to other techniques, 1H(13C)NMR methods were also used in the characterization of the azo imine organic ligands (HL1-HL3). After the Cu2+ and Pt2+ complexes of the hybrid compounds were synthesized and characterized, their photophysical, electrochemical and antimicrobial properties were investigated. The compounds showed activity against penicillium spp. On the other hand, the KL2 POM compound showed the highest antibacterial activity. In the UV-vis spectra of the KL1, KL2 and KL3 POM based compounds in DMF solution, the charge transfer transitions (CT) are observed in the range of 458−453 nm, while ligand-centered π−π* transitions are in the range of 333−316 nm. Among the complexes of hybrid compounds, only the emission values of the KL1Cu complex in the DMF medium and in the solid state shifted to shorter wavelengths. It was determined that some of the POM based metal complexes showed only metal-centered electrochemical behaviors. In addition, the thermal stability of all compounds was also investigated.
Neighborhood beauty and the brain in older Japanese adults
Authors: Tani Yukako , Fujiwara Takeo , Sugihara Genichi , Hanazato Masamichi , Suzuki Norimichi , Machida Masaki , Amagasa Shiho , Murayama Hiroshi , Inoue Shigeru , Shobugawa Yugo 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Objectives: People have a preference for, and feel better in, beautiful natural environments. However, there are no epidemiological studies on the association between exposure to neighborhood beauty and neuroimaging measures, such as regional brain volume. This study aimed to determine association between subjective and objective neighborhood beauty and regional brain volume. Method: Participants were 476 community-dwelling older adults aged ≥65 years from the 2017 Neuron to Environmental Impact across Generations (NEIGE) study. Subjective neighborhood beauty was measured using a self-rated questionnaire, which assessed participants’ perception of beautiful scenery within 1 km of their home. Objective measures of neighborhood beauty (green spaces, blue spaces, and plant diversity) within 1 km of participants’ homes were obtained using a geographic information system. Volumes of brain regions associated with experience of beauty were measured using magnetic resonance imaging. We estimated associations between subjective and objective neighborhood beauty and regional brain volume using linear regression. Results: Of participants, 42% rated their neighborhoods as very beautiful, and 17% rated them as not at all beautiful. Higher subjective neighborhood beauty was associated with larger bilateral medial orbitofrontal cortex and insula volumes (all p for trend <0.01). Brain volume was not associated with objective neighborhood beauty measures. Discussion: Subjective but not objective neighborhood beauty was associated with brain regions related to emotion, rewards, and decision making, suggesting that these brain regions underpin the perception of neighborhood beauty.
Managing CHD in tertiary NICU in collaboration with a cardiothoracic centre
Authors: Chee Ying-Hui , Dunning-Davies Bryony , Singh Yogen , Yates Robert , Kelsall Wilf 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Increasingly non-cardiac tertiary neonatal intensive care units (NCTNs) manage newborns with CHD prior to planned transfer to specialist cardiac surgical centres (SCSC). It improves patient flow in SCSCs, enables families to be nearer home, and improves psychological well-being1. This practice has gradually increased as the number of SCSCs has decreased. This study examines the effectiveness of this expanding practice. The management provided, length of stay and outcomes are described for one UK NCTN situated at a significant distance from its SCSC. Methods: A retrospective observational study of cardiac-related admissions to a NCTN between January 2010 and December 2019 was conducted. Results: 190 neonates were identified: 41 had critical CHD; 64 had major CHD. The cohort includes babies with a wide range of cardiac conditions and additional complexities. 23.7% (n=45) required transfer to a specialist centre after a period of stabilisation and growth ranging from several hours to 132 days. 68% (n=130) were discharged home or repatriated to a local NICU. Of the remaining 15 babies, 13 were transferred to other specialties including the hospice. Two died on NICU.The mortality was consistent with the medical complexity of the group2,3. 8.9% (n=17) died before age 2. Nine babies had care redirected due to an inoperable cardiac condition or life-limiting comorbidities.Conclusion: Our study demonstrates a complex neonatal cohort with CHD can be managed effectively in a NCTN, supporting the current model of care. The NCTN studied was well supported by paediatricians with expertise in cardiology alongside visiting paediatric cardiologists.
Intracranial Aneurysms Mimicking Third Ventricular and adjoining parts Masses Associated with Obstructive Hydrocephalus: Diagnosis and Treatment
Authors: Li Yuzhe , Haoyu Li , Bo Chen , Wenyong Long , Qing Liu 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Objective: Intracranial aneurysms presenting as third ventricular and adjoining parts masses are rare, and always associated with obstructive hydrocephalus. It is vital to provide precise diagnostics, and prompt treatment for such patients since endovascular or microsurgical operations remain challenging. This study aimed to discuss differential diagnosis tactic based on collected cases and the current literature on intracranial aneurysms mimicking third ventricular masses, and a treatment regimen based on the available data is proposed.Methods: We collected a case series of intracranial aneurysms presenting as third ventricular masses with hydrocephalus from our hospital database. Literature reports related to aneurysms adjoining the third ventricle since 1979 were also included.Results: Twenty-seven cases of this disease were collected. The average age of the patients was 62 years (range, 14–82 years). The female-to-male ratio of the patients was 14:13. Eight of the 27 patients died during hospitalization. Basilar artery aneurysm was the most common type (21 of 27 cases). One aneurysm from our cases was considered as a craniopharyngioma according to MRI report. There are false negative angiography reports for aneurysms from our cases and literature review. Strategies for the diagnosis and treatment of these aneurysms have changed over time. The uniqueness of our cases sheds light on the use of CT angiography, which has proven to be an appropriate test for diagnosis and reexamination but was not wildly applied in previous reports.Conclusions: Thrombosed aneurysms should be considered a differential diagnosis in patients with third ventricular masses. Application of CTA and VW-MRI can be beneficial. Aneurysm coil occlusion might be a favorable treatment for cases with mass effect. Further studies should be conducted to confirm our observations.
Enhancing first-principles simulations of complex solid-state ion conductors using topological analysis of procrystal electron density
Authors: Carrasco Javier , Golov Andrey 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Atomistic-level understanding of ion migration mechanisms holds the key to design high-performance solid-state ion conductors for a breadth of electrochemical devices. First-principles simulations play an important role in this quest. Yet, these methods are generally computationally-intensive, with limited access to complex, low-symmetry structures, such as interfaces. Here we show how topological analysis of the procrystal electron density can be applied to efficiently mitigate this issue. We discuss how this methodology goes beyond current state of the art capabilities and demonstrate this with two examples. In the first, we examine Li-ion transport across grain boundaries in Li3ClO electrolyte. Then we compute diffusion coefficients as a function of charge carrier concentration in spinel LiTiS2 electrode material. These two case studies do not exhaust the opportunities and might constitute motivations for still more complex applied materials.
Dendritic cells originating exosomal miR-193b-3p induces regulatory T cells to alleviate liver transplant rejection
Authors: Cui Bin , Sun Jie , Li Shi-Peng , Chen Xiao-Jie , Sun Li-Ying , Wei Lin , Zhu Zhi-Jun 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Exosomes exert considerable influence in mediating regulatory T (Treg) cells differentiation, which attach great importance to attenuating acute cellular rejection after liver transplantation (LT). And, miRNAs are known to play essential roles in cell-cell communication delivered by exosomes. However, the function of exosomal miRNAs in regulating Treg cells after LT remains unknown. Here, we performed an expression profiling analysis of exosome-miRNAs from human plasma after LT and investigated their immunoregulatory effects on Treg cells.
Methods
Fifty-eight LT patients and nine donors were included in this report. miRNA profiles in plasma exosomes were analyzed using next-generation sequencing. Flow cytometry, HE and multiplex immunofluorescent staining were used to identify Treg cells in the liver and peripheral blood. A mouse LT model was employed to confirm the infiltration of Treg cells in the liver and circulation. A lentiviral vector system was used to overexpress miR-193b-3p in dendritic cells (DCs), and exosomes isolated from these transfected cells were co-cultured with spleen lymphocytes in vitro. A quantitative Real-time PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were used to detect the expression of cytokines.
Results
Treg cell infiltration was increased in the liver along with Th17 and CD8 + T cell, and it was down-regulated in peripheral blood in the acute rejection group, an effect confirmed in the mouse LT model. High-throughput sequencing revealed that miR-193b-3p was markedly up-regulated in plasma exosomes of non-rejection LT patients. The NLRP3 inflammasome was screened as a target for miR-193b-3p based on target prediction and functional enrichment analyses. Exosomal miR-193b-3p derived from DCs increased Treg cells as demonstrated in vitro. miR-193b-3p overexpression down-regulated NLRP3 as well as the inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-17A while increasing levels of the cytokines IL-10 and TGF-β.
Conclusion
DC deriving exosomal miR-193b-3p promoted Treg cells by inhibiting NLRP3 expression. These findings not only provide a new perspective on the mechanisms, but also hold great promise for the treatment or prevention of liver allograft rejection.
Postoperative infections after non-elective cesarean section – prevalence and risk factors at a single center in Denmark administering prophylactic antibiotics after cord clamping
Authors: Kuhr Katja , Axelsson Paul Bryde , Andersen Betina Ristorp , Ammitzbøll Ida Lise Arevad , Clausen Tine Dalsgaard , Løkkegaard Ellen Christine Leth 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: Mothers giving birth by non-elective cesarean section have considerably higher risk of developing postoperative infection, than mothers giving birth by elective cesarean section. Meta-analyses have shown that the risk of infection is reduced when administering antibiotics at least 30 minutes prior to skin incision rather than after cord clamping. If given prior to incision, antibiotics are present in the neonatal bloodstream for up to 24 hours after delivery, with early exposure to antibiotics potentially disturbing development of the gut microbiome. We aimed to retrospectively assess the prevalence of postoperative infection after non-elective cesarean section at a single labor ward administering antibiotics after cord clamping, additionally investigating risk factors for developing postoperative infections. Methods: A total of 2,725 women giving birth by non-elective cesarean section in 2010-2017 were included with review of records for prenatal risk factors, labor management, and perinatal outcomes. The primary outcomes were a main composite infection of development of either endometritis, surgical-site infection, or sepsis in conjunction with a relevant antibiotic prescription. Secondary outcomes included infection of unknown focus, mastitis, urinary tract infection, and pneumonia. Results: A total of 88 patients developed a main composite infection (3.2%). These infections subdivide into endometritis (n=37/2725, 1.4%), surgical-site infection (n=35/2725, 1.3%) and sepsis (n=15/2725, 0.6%). We found a high body mass index (aOR=3.38, 95%CI 1.93-5.92) and intrapartum fever (aOR=2.26, 95%CI 1.22-4.59) to be independent risk-factors for developing postoperative infection after non-elective cesarean section. Furthermore, we found delivery by a more expedient emergency grade 2 cesarean section (aOR=0.61 95%CI 0.37-0.998) compared to grade 3 to be a protective factor for developing postoperative infection after non-elective cesarean section.Conclusions: In a labor ward administering antibiotics after cord clamping at non-elective cesarean births, we find a low prevalence of main composite infections when compared to estimates from meta-analyses on the topic. We conclude that administration of prophylactic antibiotics after cord clamping appears to result in acceptable rates of postoperative infection and avoids transplacental-transmission of antibiotics to the infant.
Monte Carlo technique to study of the adsorption affinity of azo dyes with applying new statistical criteria of the predictive potential
Authors: Toropova Alla P. , Toropov Andrey A. , Roncaglioni Alessandra , Benfenati Emilio 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
The quantitative structure-property relationships for the dye affinity (DAF, kJ mol-1) of azo dyes were established using the Monte Carlo method by generating optimal SMILES-based descriptors. The index of ideality of correlation (IIC) and the correlation intensity index (CII) improved the model's predictive potential, specially when they were used simultaneously. The statistical quality of the best model on the validation set is it n = 18, R2 = 0.9468, and RMSE = 1.26 kJ mol− 1.
Effective time-aware knowledge compression For recommender systems
Authors: Yazdi Hadis Ahmadian , Mahdavi Seyyed Javad Seyyed , Kheirabadi Maryam 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Due to the big data and wide availability of various types of information, data compression plays a significant role in the current age. This task can be done in two aspects. First, it can be done by reducing the redundant features of each entity. Second, it can be employed on each record of the corresponded dataset. These techniques should maintain the crucial and useful information which presents a pivotal role in further process. This work presents an effective knowledge compression for recommender systems based on the attention mechanism. In this method, the data compression is performed in two feature and record levels. The technique is based on time windows and the activity of users. The result of this technique can be efficiently utilized for deep networks which the amount of data is one of the serious problems. The experimental results show that with the help of this technique not only does it reduce the amount of data and process time, but also it can reach acceptable and considerable accuracy in the training and testing phases of networks.
Secondary Hyperparathyroidism in Adult Chronic Hemodialysis Patients-Prevalence and Clinical Aspect
Authors: Bashir Ahmed Muhammad , Alici Gokhan , Wabari Mohamud Mire , Adani Abdulkamil Abdullahi 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) is a common complication of chronic kidney disease (CKD).
Aim
The exact prevalence of secondary hyperparathyroidism in chronic hemodialysis patients in Somalia is unknown. In this study, we aim to determine the prevalence of SHPT in chronic hemodialysis patients in Mogadishu, Somalia.
Method
This retrospective analysis was done at Mogadishu Somali Turkey training and research hospital, Somalia's largest dialysis center. All > 18-year-old hemodialysis patients from the last year were included. The research excluded parathyroidectomy and steroid, phenytoin, and phenobarbitone individuals. This analysis covered 195 patients. Calcium, phosphate, albumin, vitamin D, urea, creatinine, and other electrolytes were also tested.
Results
Our study included 195 patients who met the inclusion criteria. The mean age was 56.0 ± 17.4 with 49.2% men and 50.88% females. End-stage kidney disease (ESKD) was caused by hypertension in 64.1% of patients and diabetes in 30.8%. The mean hemodialysis time was 7.8 ± 1.3 hours per week and for duration 39.6 ± 15 months. The mean iPTH concentration was 458.59 ± 636.96 pg/mL, phosphate was 4.24 ± 2.15 mg/dL, corrected calcium was 8.70 ± 0.97 mg/dL, and calcium phosphate product was 36.60 ± 19.78 mg/dL. The mean vitamin D concentration was 33.53 ± 19.70. we found that the prevalence of secondary hyperparathyroidism is 65.6%.
Conclusion
We conclude that there is high prevalence of secondary hyperparathyroidism in chronic hemodialysis patients in Somalia and that measures that predict vitamin D response, including sestamibi parathyroid scan and gland volume, should be studied further to prevent this high prevalence.
Defining “successful” treatment outcomes in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a scoping review
Authors: Joarder Ishraq , Taniguchi Seika , Snow Mary Elizabeth , Mendoza Andrea 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is the most common type of scoliosis that affects children aged 10 to 18 years old, manifesting in a three dimensional spinal deformity. This study aimed to explore outcome measures used in defining AIS treatment success. Particularly, analyzing the extent of radiographic and quality of life domains used and whether AIS treatment approaches (surgical, bracing, physiotherapy etc.) influences outcomes used as proxies of treatment success. Methods EMBASE and MEDLINE databases were used to conduct a systematic scoping review with 158 papers screened for data extraction. Extractable variables included: study characteristics, study participant characteristics, type of study, type of intervention approach and outcome measures. Results All 158 studies measured quantitative outcomes. 61.38% of papers used radiographic outcomes whilst 38.62% of papers used quantitative quality of life outcomes to evaluate treatment success. Irrespective of treatment intervention utilized, the type of quantitative outcome measure recorded did not differ significantly. Moreover, of the radiographic outcome measures, the subcategory Cobb angle was predominantly used across all intervention approaches. For quantitative quality of life measures, questionnaires investigating multiple domains such as SRS were primarily used as proxies of AIS treatment success across all intervention approaches. Conclusion This study identified that no articles employed qualitative measures of describing the psychosocial implications of AIS in defining treatment success. Although quantitative measures have merit in clinical diagnoses and management, there is increasing value in using qualitative methods such as thematic analysis in guiding clinicians to develop a biopsychosocial approach for patient care.
The effect of intravenous milrinone in adult critically ill patients: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials
Authors: Xu Jingyuan , Zhang Yanjie , Jiang Jie , Yang Yi , Guo Fengmei 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Milrinone is widely used for enhancing myocardial contractility, however, there is inadequate data to suggest it is preferable to other inotropic agents. To observe the effect of milrinone on prognosis in adult critically ill patients, we conducted this meta-analysis.
Methods
A search of the following databases was conducted: Medline, Elsevier, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Web of Science databases, and eligible randomized controlled trials including adult critically ill patients were screened. Two reviewers collected data separately, information was retrieved including study design, center number, sample size, gender, age, intervention and outcome. Data were analyzed using methods recommended by the Cochrane Collaboration Review Manager 4.2 software. Random errors were evaluated by trial sequential analysis (TSA).
Results
Twenty studies including 2036 patients compared milrinone with control group were enrolled. When compared to control group, the incidence of ventricular arrhythmia decreased significantly in milrinone group in patients with cardiac surgery, but not in patients with cardiac dysfunction and shock. There was no significant reduction in the incidence of myocardial infarction, all-cause mortality and no improvement of hemodynamic paramenters in the milrinone group. TSA indicated lack of firm evidence for a beneficial effect.
Conclusions
The meta-analysis showed when compared with control group, the incidence of ventricular arrhythmia decreased significantly in patients with cardiac surgery, but not in patients with cardiac dysfunction and shock who applying milrinone, while there was no significant reduction in the incidence of myocardial infarction, all-cause mortality and no improvement of hemodynamics.