bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization of antibody and T-cell response after second booster vaccination
Authors: Grikscheit Katharina , Rabenau Holger , Ghodatrian Zahra , Widera Marek , Wilhelm Alexander , Grabmair Tuna Toptan , Hoehl Sebastian , Layer Emily , Helfritz Fabian , Ciesek Sandra 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The recent surge of infections with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants of prompted countries, such as Israel and Germany, to call for an accelerated booster vaccination program for health care workers and vulnerable groups in order to limit disease and transmission. However, detailed studies analyzing the correlates of protection over time after second booster vaccination are still lacking. Here, we examined the production of Spike receptor binding domain (RBD) -specific antibodies as well as neutralizing antibodies from subjects before, two, and seven weeks after the second booster vaccination against the D614G harboring B.1 variant as well as the variants of concern (VOC) Alpha, Beta, Delta in addition to Omicron BA.1 and BA.2. The second booster vaccination resulted in an increase in anti-RBD IgG antibodies and neutralizing antibodies against B.1 in all individuals tested, then remained nearly constant over the observed period. In addition, a 2nd booster resulted in an increase in neutralizing antibodies against VOCs Alpha, Beta, Delta, and Omicron subvariants BA.1 and BA.2. However, compared to B.1 the neutralizing capacity of both Omicron subvariants remained low. Neutralization of Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 was limited even after the 2nd booster vaccination indicating that an antibody-mediated protection against infection with this VOC is unlikely, as evidenced by the fact that three of the quadruple vaccinated individuals became infected with BA.1 during the course of the study. Moreover, T cell activation measured by interferon gamma release was detected in all subjects after the 2nd booster vaccination. This may offer protection suggesting protection against severe disease. T-cell activation was independent of the age of the subjects, but correlated with the amount of Spike-specific antibodies. Interestingly, in subjects with Omicron BA.1 breakthrough infection, a significant increase in neutralizing antibodies to all tested VOCs studied was observed after the 2nd booster vaccination. Taken together, our data suggest inferior protection from breakthrough infection with the Omicron subvariant BA.1 when compared to other VOCs after four vaccine doses.
Experiment Research on Atomization Process and Dust Reduction Performance of Swirl Pressure Nozzle
Authors: zhou gang , wang junpeng , song ruixin , yang wenyu , xu cuicui 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In this study, experimental studies on the atomization characteristics, droplet breakup and dust reduction performance of four X-swirl nozzles with different inlet/outlet diameter ratio() were performed. The results of the nozzle atomization characteristics shows that with increases, the atomization angle is increasing trend. The atomization range and the droplet velocity is decreasing trend. The results of the droplet breakup study of the nozzle show that with the increase of , the droplet breakup range of the spray field is gradually increasing, but the droplet breakup intensity of the spray field is gradually decreasing. At = 3.33 and 3.63, droplet breakup occurs mainly in the range of 0–4 mm in the strong turbulent region. At = 3.75, droplet breakup occurs mainly in the range of 0–2 mm in the strong turbulent region. At = 3.96, droplet breakup occurs mainly in the range of 0–1 mm in the strong turbulent region. Droplet breakup in the spray field at = 3.33 and = 3.67 was better than that at = 3.75 and = 3.96. From the dust reduction experimental results, the dust reduction efficiency increases and then decreases with the increase of . The dust reduction efficiency is highest among the four nozzles at = 3.67. Based on the dust reduction curves of four different of nozzles, it is predicted that the optimal dust reduction condition will be achieved at of 3.60, which provides a reference for the design and optimization of nozzles.
Epigenetic regulation of odontogenic stem cells and their application in pulp and periodontal regeneration
Authors: Wu Zhuoxuan , Wang Xiayi , Chen Yuyang , Jia Shiyu , Wan Mian 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Dental-derived stem cells, an important research target in tissue engineering, have excellent proliferation ability and multi-directional differentiation potential. In recent years, an increasing number of odontogenic stem cells have been discovered, including dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), stem cells from exfoliated deciduous tooth (SHEDs), apical papilla stem cells (SCAPs), dental follicle precursor cells (DFPCs) and periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs). Due to the advantages of abundant sources, safe and effective, these stem cells have significant application prospects in tissue regeneration. The biological functions of odontogenic stem cells are regulated in many ways. Epigenetic regulation means changing the expression level and function of a gene without changing its sequence. Epigenetic regulation is involved in many biological processes, such as embryonic development, bone homeostasis, and stem cell fate. Existing studies have shown that odontogenic stem cells are also regulated by epigenetic modifications. Referring to replacing damaged pulp and periodontal tissue and restoring the tissue structure and function under normal physiological conditions, pulp regeneration and periodontal regeneration has better therapeutic effect than traditional treatments. This article reviews the recent research progress on the epigenetic regulation mechanism of odontogenic stem cells, and describes the potential applications of odontogenic stem cells-based epigenetic regulation in dental pulp and periodontal regeneration.
Effects of Omega-3 Supplementation on Components of the Endocannabinoid System and Metabolic and Inflammatory Responses in Adipose and Liver of Peripartum Dairy Cows
Authors: Kra Gitit , Daddam Jayasimha Rayalu , Moallem Uzi , Kamer Hadar , Kočvarová Radka , Nemirovski Alina , Contreras G. Andres , Tam Joseph , Zachut Maya 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Dietary supplementation of omega-3 fatty acids can reduce the activation of the endocannabinoid system (ECS) by decreasing the availability of arachidonic acid, thus lowering endocannabinoids (eCBs) levels. The ECS is a modulator of energy metabolism, stress response and inflammation in mammals, yet there is little information on the roles of the ECS in transition dairy cows. During the periparturient period, the adipose tissue and liver are the main metabolic organs that participate in the adaptations of dairy cows to onset of lactation; however, exceeded adipose tissue lipolysis and accumulation of lipids in the liver have adverse effects on cows’ physiology. Here we aimed to examine whether omega-3 supplementation during the transition period will modulate ECS activation and affect metabolic and inflammatory indices in postpartum dairy cows, by supplementing twenty-eight transition Holstein dairy cows with either saturated fat (CTL) or encapsulated flaxseed oil (FLX). Components of the ECS, metabolic and inflammatory markers were measured in blood, liver, and subcutaneous adipose tissue.
Results
FLX supplementation reduced feed intake (P < 0.01) and reduced plasma levels of arachidonic acid (P = 0.02) and anandamide (P = 0.03) postpartum compared to CTL. The mRNA expression of the cannabinoid receptor 1 (CNR1/CB1) tended to be lower in white blood cells of FLX than in CTL (P = 0.10), and protein abundance of ECS receptor monoacylglycerol lipase was higher in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of FLX than in CTL (P = 0.04). In adipose tissue, palmitoylethanolamide levels were lower in FLX than in CTL (P = 0.02), relative mRNA expressions of lipogenic genes were higher, and the protein abundance of cannabinoid receptor 2 (P = 0.08) and monoacylglycerol lipase (P = 0.10) tended to be higher in FLX compared to CTL. Hepatic 2-arachidonoylglycerol tended to be higher (P = 0.07), and interlukin-6 mRNA expression was lower in liver of FLX than in CTL (P = 0.03).
Conclusions
Nutritional supplementation of omega-3 fatty acids seems to modulate ECS activation, which could be related to lower feed intake. The altered ECS components in blood, adipose tissue and liver are associated with moderate modulations in lipid metabolism in the adipose and inflammation in liver of peripartum dairy cows.
Wearable reproductive trackers: quantifying a key life history
Authors: Ozsanlav-Harris Luke , Griffin Larry , Weegman Mitch D. , Cao Lei , Hilton Geoff M. , Bearhop Stuart 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Advancements in biologging technology allow terabytes of data to be collected that record the location of individuals but also their direction, speed and acceleration. These multi-stream data sets allow researchers to determine movement and behavioural patterns at high spatiotemporal resolutions and in turn quantify fine-scale changes in state along with likely ecological causes and consequences. The scope offered by such data sets is only increasing there is potential to gain unique insights into a suite of ecological and life history phenomena. We use multi-stream data from global positioning system (GPS) and accelerometer (ACC) tags to quantify breeding events remotely in an Arctic breeding goose. From a training set of known breeders we determine the movement and energy expenditure patterns indicative of incubation and use these to classify breeding events in individuals with unknown reproductive status. Given that researchers are often constrained by the amount of biologging data they can collect due to tag weights, we carry out a sensitivity analysis. Here we explore the relative merits of GPS vs ACC data and how varying the temporal resolution of the data affects the accuracy of classifying incubation. Classifier accuracy deteriorates as the temporal resolution of GPS and ACC are reduced but the reduction in precision (false positive rate) is larger in comparison to recall (false negative rate). Precision fell to 95.5% were as recall rarely fell below 98% over all sampling schedules tested. Our dataset could have been reduced by c.95% while maintaining precision and recall >98%. The GPS-only classifier generally outperformed the ACC-only classifier across all accuracy metrics but both performed worse than the combined GPS and ACC classifier. GPS and ACC data can be used to reconstruct breeding events remotely, allowing unbiased, 24-hour monitoring of individuals. Our resampling-based sensitivity analysis of classifier accuracy has important implications with regards to both tag design and sampling schedules for study systems where tag size is constrained. It will allow researchers with similar aims to optimize tag battery, memory usage and lifespan to maximise the ability to correctly quantify life history events.
Ayurveda interventions for Gout: A systematic review
Authors: PS Aswani , Nair Pratibha P , N Sreedeepthi G , Ahemmed Azeem , Rao B.C.S. , Sudhakar D , Srika N 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
BackgroundPatients with gout frequently use complementary and alternative medicines including Ayurveda medications and treatment procedures and hence it is important to determine their safety and efficacy.ObjectivesA systematic review of the published clinical data in view of safety and effectiveness of Ayurvedic treatment protocols in gout viz-a-viz vatarakta.MethodsWe searched the PubMed, Cochrane Library (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials: Issue 6 of 12, June 2018), Google Scholar, AYUSH Research Portal (Govt. of India), DHARA, Ancient Science of Life, Shodhganga@INFLIBNET, Online clinical trial registers and grey literature available from Government Ayurveda College, Trivandrum (Manual search) IPGT & RA, Gujrat Ayurveda UniversityPRISMA (preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis) guided systematic literature review was performed. We excluded abstract only publications. We were unable to do meta-analysis due to unavailability of suitable studies. Study eligibility criteria: Cases diagnosed as gout by laboratory findings and/or clinical symptoms, who underwent Ayurvedic treatment/Cases clinically diagnosed as Vatarakta, who underwent Ayurvedic treatment. Participants and interventions and controls: We included cases of either sex diagnosed as gout by laboratory findings and/or clinical symptoms, who underwent Ayurvedic treatment/Cases clinically diagnosed as Vatarakta or gout, who underwent Ayurvedic treatment either Randomized controlled trials (RCTs), Quasi-Experimental Trials, Single group clinical trials, Comparative Clinical Trials (CCTs) and Pragmatic trialsResultsA total of 398 potentially relevant studies were found and 21 studies met the inclusion criteria among which 10 studies were pre-post studies, 7 studies were included among Randomized Comparative Clinical Trials, and 4 were among Comparative clinical trials.Conclusions and implications of key findingsEven though Ayurveda physicians are pragmatically treating/rehabilitating Vatarakta/gout cases and reported satisfactory results in term of both safety and efficacy, this review is unable to produce strong valid evidence to prove the efficacy and safety of Ayurveda over Non-Ayurveda interventions or Placebo due to lack of quality and unavailability of published works. So the authors propose well-organized and methodologically sound quality research works in this regard.Systematic review registration number- PROSPERO (CRD42019131198)
The macroscopic limit to synchronization of cellular clocks in single cells of Neurospora crassa
Authors: Cheong Jia , qiu Xiao , Liu Yang , al-omari ahmad , Griffith James , Schuttler Heinz , Mao Leidong , Arnold Jonathan 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We determined the macroscopic limit for phase synchronization of cellular clocks in an artificial tissue created by a “big chamber” microfluidic device to be about 150,000 cells or less. The dimensions of the microfluidic chamber allowed us to calculate an upper limit on the radius of a hypothesized quorum sensing signal of 13.05 nm using a diffusion approximation for signal travel within the device. The use of a second microwell microfluidic device allowed the refinement of the macroscopic limit to a cell density 2166 cells for phase synchronization. The measurement of averages over single cell trajectories in the microwell device supported a deterministic quorum sensing model identified by ensemble methods for clock phase synchronization. A strong inference framework was used to test the communication mechanism in phase synchronization of quorum sensing versus cell-to-cell contact, suggesting support for quorum sensing. Further evidence came from showing phase synchronization was density-dependent.
O CONHECIMENTO ESCOLAR EM FOCO: CURRÍCULO E EPISTEMOLOGIA EM DEBATE
Authors: Silva Junior Paulo Melgaço da 
Published: March 2022

O presente estudo tem como objetivo central investigar como o conhecimento escolar está sendo tematizado nas principais revistas de educação do Brasil. Defendemos o argumento de que o conhecimento escolar ocupa o papel central nas teorias de currículo. Para tal utilizamos as indicações da metapesquisa e analisamos 33 artigos publicados em periódicos A1 (qualis/Capes) no período de 2013 a 2018. Foi possível perceber que os autores estão filiados a diferentes epistemologias e abordam diferentes temas em relação ao conhecimento escolar. No entanto, pouco se preocuparam em verificar como o conhecimento escolar está sendo vivenciado no cotidiano escolar.
Economic study for the impact of establishing water users associations in the improved areas – case study: El-Atf canal – Egypt
Authors: Abd El Maksoud Abd El Magid H. A. , El Gamal Talaat 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Water users associations (WUAs) were established in Egypt to help in rational distribution of irrigation water, in the operation and the maintenance of the improved Mesqas, and in solving the disputes between farmers. This study aimed to assess the economic impact of establishing water users' associations on improving farmers' income through increasing productivity and decreasing irrigation cost. The current study was conducted in an improved canal in El-Menoufia irrigation directorate (El-Atf canal), and it assessed the expected roles of WUAs boards in serving different members through identifying problems and giving suggestions to overcome them, the obstacles of establishing new associations and the impact of WUAs activities on improving the equity of water distribution. The economic impact of WUAs was assessed through comparing the net return per unit area and per unit of water, and water productivity in WUAs fields with traditional fields. The results referred to significant increase in crops yield with a decrease in total cost. As a result, there was an increase in the net return per unit of area and per unit of water. The differences were noticeable at tail end reaches due to the irrigation problems at these reaches before the establishment of WUAs.
Role of Brain-Gut-Microbiota Axis in Depression: Emerging Therapeutic
Avenues
Authors: Bhatt Shvetank , Kanoujia Jovita , Mohana Lakshmi S. , Patil CR. , Gupta Gaurav , Chellappan Dinesh Kumar , Dua Kamal 
Published: March 2022

Abstract:
The human gut microbiota plays a significant role in the pathophysiology of central nervous
system-related diseases. Recent studies suggest correlations between the altered gut microbiota and
major depressive disorder (MDD). It is proposed that normalization of the gut microbiota alleviates
MDD. The imbalance of brain-gut-microbiota axis also results in dysregulation of the hypothalamicpituitary-
adrenal (HPA) axis. This imbalance has a crucial role in the pathogenesis of depression.
Treatment strategies with certain antibiotics lead to the depletion of useful microbes and thereby induce
depression like effects in subjects. Microbiota is also involved in the synthesis of various neurotransmitters
(NTs) like 5-hydroxy tryptamine (5-HT; serotonin), norepinephrine (NE) and dopamine
(DA). In addition to NTs, the gut microbiota also has an influence on brain derived neurotrophic factor
(BDNF) levels. Recent research findings have exhibited that transfer of stress prone microbiota in
mice is also responsible for depression and anxiety-like behaviour in animals. The use of probiotics,
prebiotics, synbiotics and proper diet have shown beneficial effects in the regulation of depression
pathogenesis. Moreover, transplantation of fecal microbiota from depressed individuals to normal subjects
also induces depression-like symptoms. With the precedence of limited therapeutic benefits from
monoamine targeting drugs, the regulation of brain-gut microbiota is emerging as a new treatment
modality for MDDs. In this review, we elaborate on the significance of brain-gut-microbiota axis in
the progression of MDD, particularly focusing on the modulation of the gut microbiota as a mode of
treating MDD.
Importance of Exploring N-Methyl-D-Aspartate (NMDA) as a Future
Perspective Target in Depression
Authors: Doshi Gaurav Mahesh , Bhatia Nirav Yogesh , Ved Hemen Sanjay , Kale Pravin Popatrao 
Published: March 2022

Abstract:
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a serious and complex mental illness. Currently, many
antidepressants are available in the market for the treatment of MDD. However, these agents are associated
with side effects, which restricts their use. This warrants the development of advanced antidepressive
medications with a novel mechanism of action or novel targets and with minimal adverse
effects. The traditional neurobiological hypothesis of depression, the monoamine hypothesis, is unable
to properly explain all the aspects of depressive conditions. In this review, we discuss novel approaches
that could be used for the treatment of depression, including glutamatergic and serotonergic system
modulation. The pathogenesis of depression is greatly affected by glutamatergic neurotransmission
dysfunction. Previous investigations have shown that ketamine, an N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist,
exerts fast and long-lasting antidepressant effects. Several glutamatergic modulators, such as
esketamine, sarcosine, and others, have also shown potential antidepressant action in animal as well as
clinical studies. Lastly, drugs that alter neurotransmission by NMDA receptors could open up new avenues
for more effective treatment of depression. Besides, understanding the underlying mechanisms
will aid in the development of novel and fast-acting antidepressant drugs in the future.
The Role of Inflammatory and Cytokine Biomarkers in the Pathogenesis of
Frailty Syndrome
Authors: Mir Rashid , Jha Chandan K. , Khullar Naina , Maqbool Mohsin , Dabla Pradeep K. , Mathur Suruchi , Moustafa Amal , Faridi Uzma A. , Hamadi Abdullah , Mir Mohammad Muzaffar , Abu Duhier Faisel M. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract:
Frailty is a conglomerated elderly disorder that includes multiple abnormalities, like anemia, an increased titer of catabolic hormones, and compromised physiology of most of the body systems. Many studies have established the biomarkers that correlate with physical function and immune aging; however, people can age differently, so chronological age is not a sufficient marker of susceptibility to disabilities, morbidities, and mortality. The pathophysiology of frailty is not clearly understood, but a critical role of enhanced inflammation in the body is hypothesized. Many factors contribute to the development of frailty syndrome, such as pro-inflammatory cytokines, inflammatory markers, inflammatory cytokines, and secosteroids, like vitamin D. This review aims to highlight the role of inflammatory and cytokine biomarkers and vitamin D in the pathogenesis of Frailty Syndrome.
Synthesizing Dimensions of Digital Maturity in Hospitals: Systematic Review
Authors: Duncan Rhona , Eden Rebekah , Woods Leanna , Wong Ides , Sullivan Clair 
Published: March 2022

Background
Digital health in hospital settings is viewed as a panacea for achieving the “quadruple aim” of health care, yet the outcomes have been largely inconclusive. To optimize digital health outcomes, a strategic approach is necessary, requiring digital maturity assessments. However, current approaches to assessing digital maturity have been largely insufficient, with uncertainty surrounding the dimensions to assess.

Objective
The aim of this study was to identify the current dimensions used to assess the digital maturity of hospitals.

Methods
A systematic literature review was conducted of peer-reviewed literature (published before December 2020) investigating maturity models used to assess the digital maturity of hospitals. A total of 29 relevant articles were retrieved, representing 27 distinct maturity models. The articles were inductively analyzed, and the maturity model dimensions were extracted and consolidated into a maturity model framework.

Results
The consolidated maturity model framework consisted of 7 dimensions: strategy; information technology capability; interoperability; governance and management; patient-centered care; people, skills, and behavior; and data analytics. These 7 dimensions can be evaluated based on 24 respective indicators.

Conclusions
The maturity model framework developed for this study can be used to assess digital maturity and identify areas for improvement.