bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploration of Common Genomic Signatures of Systemic Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis and Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Zheng Jie , Hu Jun 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Objective
To explore the genetic characteristics of systemic juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (sJIA) and type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D).
Methods
The microarray data of sJIA and T1D from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) were analyzed. The shared differentially expressed genes (SDEGs) were identified by the GEO2R tool, and genes of extracellular proteins were identified. Then, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was used to identify the shared immune-related genes (IRGs) that are associated with pJIA and T1D. In addition, transcription factors (TFs) and their target genes in SDEGs were obtained by comparing databases from HumanTFDB, ENCODE, JASPAR, and TRRUST. Finally, functional enrichment analyses of the previously identified gene sets were performed by g: Profiler.
Results
We found 285 up-regulated and 97 down-regulated SDEGs via GEO2R, and by constructing a TFs-targeted SDEGs network, 5 key TFs (KLF9, ARID3A, ZNF639, NEF2, MYB) were screened. Functional enrichment analyses of SDEGs, IRGs, and TFs-targeted SDEGs suggested the important role of the innate immune system, JAK-STAT and Ras-MAPK-ERK signaling pathways in the pathogenesis of sJIA and T1D, involving biological processes such as neutrophils and mononuclear cells, phosphorylation, transcellular signaling, and transferase activity, etc.
Conclusion
Innate immune abnormalities play important roles in sJIA and T1D, and the JAK-STAT and Ras-MAPK-ERK pathways, which are closely related to inflammation and immune regulation, may be involved. The regulatory roles of KLF9, ARID3A, ZNF639, NEF2, and MYB in this network need to be further investigated.
Social Disparity in Climate Change Perception and Related Coping Strategies: The Case of Haitian Farmers.
Authors: ELUSMA Manassé , LIN Thung-Hong , LEE Chun-Yin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Climate change perception among farmers is a subject of considerable research since sufficient knowledge is essential to making effective adaptation decisions. However, some social disparities such as class and gender inequalities might undermine this perception and shape the adaptation decisions in developing countries. Thus, this study examined the social disparities in climate change perception and related coping strategies between male and female farmers by comparing two farming areas in Haiti. We further explored the differences in the climate change perception and adaptation strategies of male and female farmers in these areas. We collected data through fieldwork and a household survey of 670 farmers, of whom 75% were men. Consistent with the majority of existing sociology of science research, the results revealed that the poor and female farmers had a stronger climate change perception than did the rich and male farmers, respectively. The survey population generally adopted similar strategies to cope with climate change. However, the poor were more likely to rely on off-farm strategies, whereas the female farmers were more likely to use on-farm versus off-farm strategies. Although the female farmers had less education, land, and resources, in contrast to the male farmers, they exhibited greater overall awareness of climate change and engagement in finding new alternatives to cope with this threat. Our findings suggest that the empowerment of women can be an effective strategy for improving agricultural resilience in response to climate change in a developing country such as Haiti.
Chaihu Guizhi Decoction (CGD) Ameliorates Chronic Pancreatitis (CP) -induced Mechanical Allodynia by Inhibiting Microglia P2X7R-NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation
Authors: LI Sainan , Zhang Guixian , Wang Manxue , Shen Hongsheng , Li Xijing , Li Xia , Li Wenchang , Xiao Yi , Wang Shun , Liu Hongbin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background We have previously shown that P2X7R/NLRP3-mediated signaling pathway plays an important role in CP chronic inflammation and fibrosis. Inspired by the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) theory “Chaihu Guizhi Decoctio(CGD)for the treatment of Sudden pain in the heart or abdomen". Targeting in central sensitization(CS) may explain the treatment of Chaihu Guizhi Decoction (CGD) on CP-induced pain. Methods Fifty male SD rats were randomly and equally divided into two groups based on table of random numbers: TNBS group (n = 40) and sham group (n = 10). At 4w after TNBS model, rats in TNBS (n = 40) and sham group (n = 10) were each further divided for drug injection: TNBS-CGD medium dose(n = 10) and TNBS-CGD high dose group(n = 10):The rats were intragastrically treated with CGD(8g,16g.kg− 1,2W, twice a day). TNBS-BBG group(n = 10), the rats were repeated intraperitoneal injection of BBG (P2X7R inhibitor, dissolved in normal saline, 100 ug/10 mL per rat) or sham operated rats (n = 10) were given 0.9% saline solution.After behavioral tests, at 6 weeks, all the rats including TNBS, and sham rats were sacrificed for further experiments. Pancreatic histology was evaluated with hematoxylin and eosin staining, The expression of PGP9.5, α-SMA, NLRP3 and P2X7R proteins and their molecular effects were detected by immunohistochemical staining, immunofluorescence, Western blot. Results Behavioral study indicated that compared to the sham, CGD significantly decreased TNBS-induced mechanical allodynia at 2w after administration and this effect was dose-dependent(response frequencies: 71 ± 20% vs 28 ± 13%). CGD alleviated pancreatic injury in chronic pancreatitis rat, including atrophy, inflammatory cells infltration, fibrosis, the infiltration of inflammatory cells around pancreatic nerves (PGP9.5)and α-SMA expressions (2.5 ± 0.7 vs 1.5 ± 0.6,3.1 ± 0.8 vs 1.6 ± 0.7,3.2 ± 1.0 vs 1.8 ± 1.3, 20.6 ± 4.2 vs 3.0 ± 1.4, 23.8 ± 7.8% vs 4.9 ± 1.6% ). Western blot, IHC and IF data showed that CGD could significantly block expressions P2X7R,NLRP3 protein (P2X7R: 5.1 ± 0.5% vs 3.2 ± 0.1%,NLRP3:28.0 ± 4.3% vs 12.3 ± 1.5%). Conclusions Our findings indicated that CGD could be a novel and effective treatment for CP-induced chronic pain.
Long-term adverse influence of smoking during pregnancy on height and body size of offspring at ten years old in the UK Biobank cohort
Authors: Wu Yuxuan , Hao Xingjie , Zhu Kexuan , Zheng Chu , Guan Fengjun , Wang Ting , Zeng Ping 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background To explore the long-term relation between smoking during pregnancy and early childhood growth in the UK Biobank cohort. Methods To estimate the effect of smoking during pregnancy on offspring height and body size at ten years old, we performed a cross-population comparison to examine whether such influence could be repeatedly observed among three different ethnic groups in the UK Biobank cohort (n = 22,140 for European,n = 7,094 for South Asian, andn = 5,000 for African). Especially, we applied the UK Biobank European sibling cohort (n = 9,953 for height andn = 7,239 for body size) to control for unmeasured familial confounders and incorporated a polygenic risk score to adjust for potential genetic effect. Results We discovered that children whose mothers smoked during pregnancy had greater risk of being shorter or fatter at age ten in the full UK Biobank European cohort, with 15.3% (95% confidence intervals (CIs): 13.0 ~ 17.7%) higher risk for height and 32.4% (95%CIs: 29.5 ~ 35.4%) larger risk for body size. Similar associations were identified in the South Asian and African populations. These associations were robust and remained significant in the European sibling cohort (12.6% [95%CIs: 5.0 ~ 20.3%] for height and 36.1% [95%CIs: 26.3 ~ 45.9%] for body size) after controlling for family factors or genetic influence. Conclusion Smoking during pregnancy can promote offspring's height defect and obesity in childhood.
Few interventions support the affected other on their own: A systematic review of individual level psychosocial interventions to support those harmed by others’ alcohol drinking
Authors: Shorter Gillian W , Campbell Kerry BD , Miller Nicole M , Epton Tracy , O'Hara Leeanne , Millen Sharon , Gunnarsson Katarina Ulfsdotter , Berry Emma , Bendtsen Marcus 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Introduction: Over 100 million individuals worldwide experience negative outcomes as a function of a family member's substance use. Other reviews have summarized evidence on interventions; however, success often depends on the behavior of the individual causing harm, and they may not be ready or able to change. Aim: To identify and describe evaluations of psychosocial interventions which can support those affected by alcohol harm to others independent of their drinking relative or friend.
Methods: A systematic review/narrative synthesis of articles from 11 databases pre-registered on PROSPERO (CRD42021203204).
Results: Those experiencing the harm were spouses/partners, or adult children/students who have parents with alcohol problems. Studies (n=7) are from the UK, USA, Korea, Sweden, Mexico, and India. Most participants were female (71-100%). Interventions varied from guided imagery, cognitive-behavioral therapy, motivational interviewing, and anger management. Independent interventions may support those affected by another's alcohol use, although there was considerable variation in outcomes targeted by the intervention design.
Conclusions: Small-scale studies suggest brief interventions ease suffering from alcohol's harm to others, independent of the drinking family member. Understanding affected others’ experience and need is important given the impact of alcohol’s harm to others; however, there is a lack of quality evidence informing strategies to support these individuals.
Reduced olfactory performance is associated with changed microbial diversity, oralization and accumulation of dead biomaterial in the nasal olfactory area
Authors: Kumpitsch Christina , Fischmeister Florian Ph. S. , Lackner Sonja , Holasek Sandra , Madl Tobias , Habisch Hansjörg , Wolf Axel , Schöpf Veronika , Moissl-Eichinger Christine 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBACKGROUND The partial or complete loss of the sense of smell, which affects about 20% of the population, impairs the quality of life in many ways. Dysosmia and anosmia are mainly caused by aging, trauma, infections, or even neurodegenerative disease. Recently, the olfactory area – a site containing the olfactory receptor cells responsible for odor perception – was shown to harbor a complex microbiome that reflects the state of olfactory function. This initially observed correlation between microbiome composition and olfactory performance needed to be confirmed using a larger study cohort and additional analyses. METHODS A total of 120 participants (middle-aged, no neurodegenerative disease) were enrolled in the study to further analyze the microbial role in human olfactory function. Olfactory performance was assessed using the Sniffin’ Stick battery, and participants were grouped accordingly (normosmia:n = 93, dysosmia:n = 27). The olfactory microbiome was analyzed by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and supplemented by metatranscriptomics in a subset (Nose 2.0). Propidium monoazide (PMA) treatment was performed to distinguish between intact and non-intact microbiome components. The gastrointestinal microbiome of these participants was also characterized by amplicon sequencing and metabolomics, then correlated with food intake. RESULTS Our results confirm that normosmics and dysosmics indeed possess a distinguishable olfactory microbiome. Alpha diversity (i.e., richness) was significantly increased in dysosmics, reflected by an increase in the number of specific taxa (e.g.,Rickettsia,Spiroplasma, andBrachybacterium). Lower olfactory performance was associated with microbial signatures from the oral cavity and periodontitis (Fusobacterium,Porphyromonas, andSelenomonas). However, PMA treatment revealed a higher accumulation of dead microbial material in dysosmic subjects. The gastrointestinal microbiome partially overlapped with the nasal microbiome but did not show substantial variation with respect to olfactory performance, although the diet of dysosmic individuals was shifted towards a higher meat intake. CONCLUSION Dysosmia is associated with a higher burden of dead microbial material in the olfactory area, indicating an impaired clearance mechanism. As the microbial community of dysosmics appears to be influenced by the oral microbiome, further studies should investigate the microbial oral-nasal interplay in individuals with partial or complete olfactory loss.
Dietary Supplementation of Chromium and Yeast in Deccani Sheep: Effect on Nutrient Digestibility, Nitrogen Balance and Plane of Nutrition
Authors: Mohanty Preeti Puspa , Venkateswarlu Mallishetty , Nagalakshmi Devanaboyina , Panigrahi Subhashree , Chandra A. Sarat 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

The goal of the present study was to investigate the effect of dietary inclusion of chromium (Cr) and yeast individually and in-combination on nutrient digestibility, nitrogen balance and plane of nutrition in Deccani sheep. Thirty-six adult Deccani rams of 2-3 yrs of age with an average body weight of 27.68±1.08 kg were randomly divided into 6 groups consisting of 6 animals each in a completely randomized design. The experimental diets were as follows: 1. Control: Basal diet (BD) without any supplement, 2. 0.5 Cr: BD + 0.5 ppm Cr supplementation, 3. 1 Cr: BD + 1.0 ppm Cr supplementation, 4. Y: BD + Yeast supplementation (5×109 CFU/kg feed), 5. 0.5Cr+Y: BD+ 0.5 ppm Cr + Yeast supplementation (5×109 CFU/kg feed), and 6. 1Cr + Y: BD + 1.0 ppm Cr + Yeast supplementation (5×109 CFU/kg feed). A metabolism trial was carried out for 5 days after adapting the rams in cages for two days. During metabolic trial period, daily feed offered, feed residue left, fecal and urine output for 24 h were recorded. Body weight and feed intake were similar (P>0.05) among the six experimental groups.
The result suggested that Cr supplementation alone did not have significant effect on digestibility coefficient (%) of proximate and cell wall constituents, nitrogen balance and nutrient intake of adult sheep. Significantly (P<0.05 or <0.01) higher nutrient (Dry matter, Organic matter, Crude protein, Crude fibre and Cellulose) digestibility coefficients were observed in Y, 0.5Cr+Y and 1Cr+Y. Though there was no significant (P>0.05) effect was not observed in nitrogen balance and nutrient intake, but Y, 0.5Cr+Y and 1Cr+Y showed numerically higher nitrogen balance than control. It could be concluded that, individual Cr supplementation had no effect on nutrient intake and utilization. However, improvement in nutrient utilization and nutrient intake observed with supplementation of yeast with or without Cr in Deccani sheep.
Diet and Multiple Sclerosis: a population-based study in the city of Biancavilla
Authors: Toscano Simona , Chisari Clara Grazia , Arena Sebastiano , Colandonio Salvatore , Iudica Maria Luisa , Fiore Maria , Ferrante Margherita , Nicoletti Alessandra , Zappia Mario , Patti Francesco 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
The influence of dietary habits on the pathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) has been a topic of interest for years. The municipality of Biancavilla, in Southern Italy, is considered a high-risk area for MS, with a prevalence of 292.3/100,000 persons and an incidence of 16.8/100,000/year. We investigated the nutritional habits of this population to clarify the reasons of the increased incidence rate of MS recorded in this area in the last decades.
Methods
In this population-based case-control study conducted in the municipality of Biancavilla, we evaluated the intake frequency of different food products of 60 patients with MS and 174 sex-matched and age-matched controls. A semi-structured standardized questionnaire was administered to explore the weekly consumption of four categories of food (meat, fish, milk/dairy products, fat dressings of vegetable origin) during the periods of childhood-early adolescence (before the age of 15) and during late adolescence-adulthood (after 15 years).
Results
The intake of meat was not different between cases and controls, nor globally neither considering each type of meat (beef, pork, sheep meat, horse meat, cold meats, sausages, smoked meat, brain). Similarly, no differences were detected in the intake frequency of fish (bluefish, riverfish, smoked fish, crustaceans, mollusks), milk and dairy products of different animal origin, nor in the consumption of fat products of vegetable origin (margarine, olive and seed oils) between cases and controls.
Conclusion
The results of our study clearly indicate no association between the intake frequency of different food products and MS in the town of Biancavilla.
The Individual and Community Level Women Empowerment and Utilization of Maternity Care Services in Afghanistan: A Multilevel Cross-Validation Study
Authors: Dadras Omid , Dadras Mohammadyasin , Jafari Leila , Dadras Fateme 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: No study has ever reported on the impact that women's empowerment could have on the utilization of maternity care services in Afghanistan using a country-specific scale. This study aimed to explore the relationship between women empowerment and utilization of maternity care for married Afghan women aged 15-49 years in Afghanistan, assessing the convergence validity of the survey-based women empowerment index in Afghanistan (SWEI-A).
Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study using secondary data from Afghanistan demographic health survey 2015. The utilization of the maternity continuum of care was measured by three indices including antenatal care, institutional delivery, and postnatal care. Women empowerment was measured using the country-specific index; namely, SWEI-A across seven suggested domains. The association of different domains with the utilization of maternity care was estimated by multilevel Poisson regression at both individual and community levels.
Results: In general, the results showed that the utilization of maternity services is considerably higher among women with high scores as compared to those with low scores in almost all domains of SWEI-A, except for property-owning in which women with high scores appeared to have lower rates of utilization of such service as compared to those with low scores. Although the rate of adequate ANC, institutional delivery, and PNC appeared to be higher in women with high scores as compared to those with low scores at the individual level; at the community level, the communities with high participation of women in the labor force were less likely to have adequate ANC, institutional delivery, and PNC. Likewise, for the literacy domain, individual-level literacy was associated with higher utilization of ANC, institutional delivery, and PNC contrary to community-level literacy.
Conclusion: Except for property-owning, the high score in almost all other domains was associated with higher utilization of maternity care which indicates an acceptable level of convergence validity for the developed index (SWEI-A) in measuring women empowerment among married Afghan women aged 15-49 years. The index could inform future policies and interventions regarding women empowerment dimensions in the country and guide future studies to produce comparable results.
Monalizumab efficacy correlates with HLA-E surface expression and NK cell activity in head and neck squamous carcinoma cell lines
Authors: Lee Jeongjae , Keam Bhumsuk , Park Ha-Ram , Park Ji-Eun , Kim Soyeon , Kim Miso , Kim Tae Min , Kim Dong-Wan , Heo Dae Seog 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPurpose NKG2A, an inhibitory receptor expressed on NK cells and T cells, leads to immune evasion by binding to HLA-E expressed on cancer cells. Here, we investigated the relationship between HLA-E surface expression on head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cell lines and the efficacy of monalizumab, an NKG2A inhibitor, in promoting NK cell activity. Methods Six HNSCC cell lines were used as target cells. After exposure to IFN- γ, HLA-E surface expression on HNSCC cell lines was measured by flow cytometry. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from healthy donors and isolated NK cells were used as effector cells. NK cells were stimulated by treatment with IL-2 and IL-15 for 5 days, and NK cell-induced cytotoxicity was analyzed by CD107a degranulation and51Cr release assays. Results We confirmed that HLA-E expression was increased by IFN-γ secreted by NK cells and that HLA-E expression was different for each cell line upon exposure to IFN-γ. Cell lines with high HLA-E expression showed stronger inhibition of NK cell cytotoxicity, and efficacy of monalizumab was high. Combination with cetuximb increased the efficacy of monalizumab. In addition, stimulation of isolated NK cells with IL-2 and IL-15 increased the efficacy of monalizumab, even in the HLA-E low groups. Conclusion Monalizumab efficacy was correlated with HLA-E surface expression and was enhanced when NK cell activity was increased by cetuximab or cytokines. These results suggest that monalizumab may be potent against HLA-E-positive tumors and that monalizumab efficacy could be improved by promoting NK cell activity.
Effect of Immersive Virtual Mirror Visual Feedback on Mu Suppression and Coherence in Motor and Parietal Cortex in Stroke
Authors: Chang Won Kee , Lim Hyunmi , Park Seo Hyun , Lim Chaiyoung , Paik Nam-Jong , Kim Won-Seok , Ku Jeonghun 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: This study aimed to investigate the activation pattern of the motor cortex (M1) and parietal cortex during immersive virtual reality (VR)-based mirror visual feedback (MVF) of the upper limb in patients with chronic stroke.
Methods: Fourteen patients with chronic stroke with severe upper limb hemiparesis (Brunnstrom stage of hand 1-3) and 21 healthy controls were included. The participants performed wrist extension tasks with their unaffected wrists (or the dominant side in controls). In the MVF condition, the movement of the affected hand was synchronized with that of the unaffected hand. In contrast, only the movement of the unaffected hand was shown in the no-MVF condition. Electroencephalography was obtained during experiments with two conditions (MVF vs no-MVF). Mu suppression in the bilateral M1 and parietal cortex and mu coherence between the ipsilateral M1 and parietal cortex in each hemisphere and interhemispheric M1 were used for analyses.
Results: In patients with stroke, MVF induced significant mu suppression in both the ipsilesional M1 and parietal lobes (p=0.006 and p=0.009, respectively), while significant mu suppression was observed in the bilateral M1 (p=0.003 for ipsilesional and p=0.041 for contralesional M1, respectively) and contralesional (contralateral hemisphere to the moving hand) parietal lobes in the healthy controls (p=0.036). The ipsilesional mu coherence between the M1 and parietal cortex in patients with stroke was stronger than that in controls regardless of MVF condition (p<0.001), while mu coherence between interhemispheric M1 cortices was significantly weaker in patients with stroke (p=0.032).
Conclusion: In patients with stroke, MVF using immersive VR induces mu suppression in the ipsilesional M1 and parietal lobe. Our findings provide evidence of the neural mechanism of MVF using immersive VR and support its application in patients with stroke with severe hemiparesis.