bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio as a recurrence predictive marker in non-muscle invasive Bladder Cancer: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Jelleli Nejmeddine , Sakly Aymen , Zakhama Walid , Chouaya Ines , Jelleli Bilel , Chouaya Sabrine , Jemaa Mohamed Ben , Sidhom Wael , Bedoui Youssef , Tabka Helmi , Binous Mohamed Yassine 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background: Recurrence is a main risk of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). It depends on cystsoscopic and anatomopathologic factors. The outlook of current researches is to identify non-invasive prognostic factors and enhance the predictive value of existing prognostic patterns. Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a biological marker, which has demonstrated its prognostic role in several solid tumors. This study aimed to explore the interest of NLR in predicting the recurrence risk of NMIBC.
Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective study of 166 patients treated for NMIBC. Demographic characteristics, clinical data, biological parameters, cystoscopic findings, pathological data and follow-up results were collected. NLR was calculated preoperatively. We adopted the cut-off value 2.5 for the NLR. Multivariate analysis and ROC curve were used to assess different correlations. The study of survival was carried out by Kaplan-Meier estimator. SPSS version 26 was used for analyzing the data. P value ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: The male to female ratio was 14.09. The mean age was 65.99 (standard deviation (SD) = 12.431). The mean of NLR was 2.17 (SD= 0.78). Sixty-three 63 patients (38%) had high NLR. Urothelial bladder disease follow-up revealed tumor recurrence in 87 patients (52.41%). In multivariate analysis, NLR was significantly associated with NMIBC recurrence (p=0.025). According to ROC curve, area under the curve was 72.7 % attesting the performance of this marker in BC predicting recurrence. Kaplan-Meier curves showed that a higher preoperative NLR is significantly associated with high decreased recurrence-free survival (p=0.002).
Conclusions: NLR is a hematological inflammation parameter that has shown interesting prognostic properties in NMIBC. It could be used as a valuable marker allowing urologist identifying patients most likely to have recurrence of their BC. Nevertheless, prospective randomized studies are necessary for the validation of our results.
A local physical explanation of why we never see an electron at both slits of a double-slit experiment at the same time
Authors: Ramakrishna Satish 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In the standard double-slit experiment, the interaction between the electron and a detector at either of the slits is supposed to be local. However, one never notices a situation
where the electron is detected at both slits simultaneously in the frame of the observer. This is usually explained by the statement that there is only one electron that is
being located and it obviously cannot actually be located in two places at the same time in the observer's frame of reference. However, this is a global constraint, which is hard to understand when the interaction between the electron and a measurement device at a particular slit is completely local - how would the measuring device realize that there was only one electron that was to be detected? It would be useful to deduce this from purely local interactions at each slit, even with detectors at each slit, without having to adduce assumptions about long-range correlations between (potentially) space-like separated events.
In this paper, we start with a Hamiltonian that was studied in a previous paper on the measurement problem, with a local interaction between the electron and a detector -
here we assume that there is a detector at each slit. We study this problem numerically and also make a theoretical argument that the detection problem is exactly the same as that of the
problem of equilibration of a macroscopic number of coupled harmonic oscillators. At each detector, as the measurement happens, the amplitude for each of the states of the measuring apparata relaxes to an equilibrium configuration akin to the equilibration of a thermodynamic system.
The problem of the detection of the electron at each slit is then mapped to the motion of a random walker in a line with reflecting barriers at both ends, where the ends are separated by a macroscopic number of steps.
This connection to a well-studied mathematical problem has a well-understood consequence - two (or a finite number of) random walkers in this space will be expected to be separated by a macroscopic number of steps. Hence, only one of the detectors will see a macroscopic number of its
detection degrees of freedom affected - {\it ergo,} only one of the detectors, selected completely at random, will "see" the electron. For a large, macroscopic, though finite-sized measurement device, there will be a vanishingly small chance of detecting the electron simultaneously at both slits. Indeed, in the limit of an infinitely massive detector, we will never detect the electron at two places at the same time.
This problem also illustrates further that the systematic application of Schrödinger's equation along with a local interaction Hamiltonian that
effectively represents the measurement process helps solve some curious
issues in the quantum measurement problem straightforwardly.
Application of Immunocytochemistry to Monitor the T Cell Subset Counts in Patients with Sepsis
Authors: Deng Ronghua , Deng Lan , Tian Yamin , Deng Guopeng , Zeng Jiannan , Li Zhuo , Lin Xiaolong , Zhong Yaoqu , Chen Weisheng 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
[Objective]: To evaluate the application significance of immunocytochemistry for monitoring peripheral blood CD3+ T cell subset (CD3+/CD3+CD4+/CD3+CD8+) counts in patients with sepsis.
[Methodology]: 138 patients with sepsis, along with 20 healthy subjects for control purposes, were chosen for the research. On the first day of admission (D1), three peripheral blood samples from 20 healthy subjects and 20 patients with sepsis were collected for lymphocyte counts by routine blood tests and T cell subset counts by immunocytochemistry and flow cytometry. The remaining 118 patients with sepsis were asked to give two peripheral blood samples on the first day of admission and 20 of them were additionally required to give the peripheral blood samples on the fourth day of admission (D4), for lymphocyte counts by routine blood tests and T cell subset counts by immunocytochemistry. This was in order to analyze and compare the count levels of the lymphocyte and CD3+T cell subsets between the sepsis group and the healthy control group, and to explore the correlation and difference of CD3+ T cell subset counts obtained by flow cytometry and immunocytochemistry.
[Results]: Lymphocyte counts by routine blood tests and CD3+T cell subset counts of the patients with sepsis were significantly lower than those in the healthy control group (P<0.01). The CD3+T cell subset counts of the surviving group of D4 increased significantly compared with D1, while the non-surviving group did not rebound significantly. Meanwhile, there was a significantly positive correlation between lymphocyte counts by routine blood tests and CD3+T lymphocyte subset counts in patients with sepsis and the healthy control subjects, with no significant difference between the two by t-test P <0.01).
[Conclusion]: Detection of CD3+ T cell subsets counts by the immunocytochemistry method can reflect the cellular immune status of patients at the time, thus it can be used as one of the immune monitoring methods in patients with sepsis.
Clinical Consideration for Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Treatment of COVID-19
Authors: Wu Kang-Hsi , Chao Yu-Hua , Weng Te-Fu , Li Ju-Pi 
Published: September 2022

Abstract:
COVID-19, which has strongly affected the 21st century, is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome
(SARS)-CoV-2. The emergence of viral variants has rendered even vaccinated people prone to infection;
thus, completely eradicating COVID-19 may be impossible. COVID-19 causes hyperinflammation, leading to
organ damage and even death. SARS-CoV-2 infects not only the lungs, causing acute respiratory distress syndrome,
but also the extrapulmonary organs. Not all patients with COVID-19 respond adequately to treatments
with antiviral and anti-inflammatory drugs. Therefore, new treatments are urgently needed. Mesenchymal stem
cells (MSCs) exhibit immunomodulatory activity and are used to safely and effectively treat various immune
disorders. Evidence has indicated the efficacy of MSCs against COVID-19. However, the safety and efficacy of
MSCs must be probed further. For this reason, we explored key clinical challenges associated with MSC therapy
for COVID-19, such as sources, administration routes, cell dosage, treatment timepoint, and virus reactivation.
We identified several challenges that must be addressed before MSCs can be clinically applied.
Coexistence of Competing Opportunistic Pathogens in Critically ill Patients with Advanced AIDS: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Voznesenskiy Seregey , Ermak Tatyana , Emerole Karl , Samotolkina Еlena , Klimkova Polina , Abramova Evgeniya , Kozhevnikova Galina 
Published: September 2022

Introduction:
Opportunistic infections (OIs) are the leading causes of morbidity and mortality among HIV-infected individuals. The incidence of OIs is greater in antiretroviral treatment (ART) naive patients. As of 30 June 2021, 28.2 (73%) people with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) were accessing antiretroviral therapy (ART) globally, leaving the remaining 27% PLWHA without ART at risk for OIs. Multiple opportunistic infections are caused due to the coexistence of competing opportunistic pathogens that confound clinical manifestations, investigative procedures, and management protocols.

Case Presentation:
In this report, we describe the case of a critically ill HIV female patient admitted to the ICU. The patient was diagnosed with multiple opportunistic infections and subsequently died after her illness progressed. Due to the paucity of information on the subject, we conducted a retrospective study of 1440 case records of HIV/AIDS critically ill patients to determine the incidence and spectrum of multiple opportunistic infections. We performed a review of the available medical literature relevant to the subject.

Conclusion:
Knowledge of such events would guide and enhance the physician's diagnostic and management strategies, especially in resource limited regions.
relationship between the leadership behavioral factors and the work motivation to the teacher performance in SMK Negeri 3 Manado
Authors: Kalalo Rieneke R. , Kalangi Jola Silvana , Lumentah Lenda , Lintong Elsje 
Published: September 2022

Teacher leadership in school is increasingly being demanded to be able to improve the quality of teachers. It is required to do the analysis of the leadership behaviors toward teacher performance, the relationship between work motivation and teacher performance as well as the relationship between Leadership Behavior and Work Motivation towards Teacher Performance. This research is based on a qualitative approach. In this study, the research sample is all members of the population unit totaling 13 people. The data collected was using a questionnaire instrument. The collected data of the researchable variable was analyzed by using the correlation technique of Product Moment and Double Correlation. The result of the research states that there was a relationship between leadership behavior and teacher performance in SMK Negeri 3 Manado, which was furthermore found as the relationship between work motivation and teacher performance as well as the relationship between leadership behavior and work motivation aligned with the teacher performance. In sum, the leader must apply behavioral leadership that builds school organization and motivation for teacher performance in their work environment. The teacher's performance on motivation needs to get improved, encouraged, and facilitated so that it will increase the professional performance of the teachers.
Barriers and Facilitators Influencing Real-time and Digital-Based Reporting of Adverse Drug Reactions by Community Pharmacists: Qualitative Study Using the Task-Technology Fit Framework
Authors: Fossouo Tagne Joel , Yakob Reginald Amin , Mcdonald Rachael , Wickramasinghe Nilmini 
Published: September 2022

Background
Medication use can result in adverse drug reactions (ADRs) that cause increased morbidity and health care consumption for patients and could potentially be fatal. Timely reporting of ADRs to regulators may contribute to patient safety by facilitating information gathering on drug safety data. Currently, little is known about how community pharmacists (CPs) monitor, handle, and report ADRs in Australia.

Objective
This study aimed to identify perceived barriers to and facilitators of ADR reporting by CPs in Australia and suggest digital interventions.

Methods
A qualitative study with individual interviews was conducted with CPs working across Victoria, Australia, between April 2022 and May 2022. A semistructured interview guide was used to identify perceived barriers to and facilitators of ADR reporting among CPs. The data were analyzed using thematic analysis. We constructed themes from the CP-reported barriers and facilitators. The themes were subsequently aligned with the Task-Technology Fit framework.

Results
A total of 12 CPs were interviewed. Identified barriers were lack of knowledge of both the ADR reporting process and ADR reporting systems, time constraints, lack of financial incentives, lack of organizational support for ADR reporting, inadequate IT systems, and preference to refer consumers to physicians. The proposed facilitators of ADR reporting included enhancing CPs knowledge and awareness of ADRs, financial incentives for ADR reporting, workflow-integrated ADR reporting technology systems, feedback provision to CPs on the reported ADRs, and promoting consumer ADR reporting.

Conclusions
Barriers to and facilitators of ADR reporting spanned both the task and technology aspects of the Task-Technology Fit model. Addressing the identified barriers to ADR reporting and providing workplace technologies that support ADR reporting may improve ADR reporting by CPs. Further investigations to observe ADR handling and reporting within community pharmacies can enhance patient safety by increasing ADR reporting by CPs.
On the Reusability of Data Cleaning Workflows
Authors: Li Lan , LudÃ¤scher Bertram 
Published: September 2022

The goal of data cleaning is to make data fit for purpose, i.e., to improve data quality, through updates and data transformations, such that downstream analyses can be conducted and lead to trustworthy results. A transparent and reusable data cleaning workflow can save time and effort through automation, and make subsequent data cleaning on new data less errorprone. However, reusability of data cleaning workflows has received little to no attention in the research community. We identify some challenges and opportunities for reusing data cleaning workflows. We present a high-level conceptual model to clarify what we mean by reusability and propose ways to improve reusability along different dimensions. We use the opportunity of presenting at IDCC to invite the community to share their uses cases, experiences, and desiderata for the reuse of data cleaning workflows and recipes in order to foster new collaborations and guide future work.
PRÁTICAS DIALÓGICAS E HUMANIZADORAS NO ENSINO REMOTO
Authors: Silva de Oliveira Edmila , Gusmão Rogério , Brito Barreto Denise Aparecida 
Published: September 2022

Essa pesquisa, de abordagem qualitativa, apresenta a análise de uma experiência docente no contexto do ensino remoto como solução emergencial e provisória apresentada para os impactos causados pela pandemia da Covid-19. O lócus da pesquisa foi um Centro de Formação de Professores, no âmbito do componente curricular Oficina de Produção de Textos. O objetivo é partilhar uma experiência didático-pedagógica, mediada pelas tecnologias digitais, enfatizando as possibilidades de efetivação das práticas recomendadas por Paulo Freire na obra “Pedagogia da Autonomia: saberes necessários à prática educativa”. Através da observação participante nas atividades empreendidas no decorrer do semestre, bem como dos dados produzidos sobre as dificuldades e impressões dos estudantes sobre o trabalho realizado na disciplina, foi possível desvelar que a abordagem dialógica e humanizada contribui para aprendizagens potentes. Além disso, os resultados proporcionaram a compreensão de que as experiências no Ensino Remoto instituíram copiosas possibilidades de ensinar, estudar e aprender numa práxis ancorada na educação online.
Research on deformation monitoring of tunnel engineering based on 3D laser scanning
Authors: Xiang Jian 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The paper mainly studies the deformation monitoring of tunnel engineering based on 3D laser scanning. First, the principle and characteristics of 3D laser scanning technology are expounded, which lays a theoretical foundation for the research. Then, the flow and main technologies of tunnel engineering deformation monitoring are analysed. Among them, the general process includes four stages: preliminary preparation, point cloud data capture, point cloud data processing and deformation analysis. The main technologies include point and data pre-processing technology and tunnel axis fitting. Finally, combined with the case, deformation monitoring is implemented to analyse the deformation of the tunnel in detail.
Semiparametric Spatial Econometric Analysis of Household Consumption Based on Ordinary Linear Regression Model
Authors: Fu Siyi , Almuslamani Hashem 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In order to solve the problem that the image processing time is too long in the use of the original college education information power method.Therefore, the design of the fractional differential equation of higher education information power method. According to the information source, a combination of various methods is set to complete the data collection.Compared with the content of fractional differential equation, the fractional differential equation is selected to complete the image information processing. Develop the processing process and select the appropriate equipment to complete the image processing.Set up experimental equipment, select experimental samples to obtain experimental results. Compared with the original method, the image processing time of this method is significantly shorter than that of the original method.Therefore, this method is more efficient for image processing and has a more obvious effect on the informatization of university education.
Video adaptive watermark embedding and detection algorithm based on phase function equation
Authors: Chao Yan , Wang Hao , Liu Shuying , Shorman Samer 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In order to improve the video watermark embedding strength and balance the transparency of the watermark system, this paper proposes a combination of all phase Biorthogonal Transform and watermark embedding to complete the experiment. Firstly, the all phase biorthogonal transform is described. Referring to the construction process of APBT, combined with APDF and DST, a new all phase biorthogonal transform, all phase discrete sinusoidal biorthogonal transform (APDSBT), is proposed. This paper makes full use of MPEG-2 compression format to embed watermark directly in DCT domain. The low-frequency coefficients in the DCT block of the brightness space of I frame are selected as the watermark embedding space. The brightness component of each image block is transformed by two-dimensional DCT in the unit of 8×8 image blocks. By introducing the idea of energy receiver into the detection of digital watermark, the following correlation detector can be obtained. Implemented with MATIAB and VC + +. In the experiment, the foreman video test sequence is used as the watermark carrier, and the copyright logo image designed by ourselves is used as the watermark image to test the video watermarking system. The results show that when the coding rate is 3Mvps, the accuracy of each plane is 100%, 98.48%, 98.12% and 96.27% respectively. When the coding rate is 2.6Mvps, the accuracy of each plane is 100%, 96.38%, 94.87% and 95.21% respectively. This algorithm selects the frame of video to embed watermark. On the premise of ensuring video quality, this algorithm is robust to common video watermark attacks (MPEG compression, frame loss, frame clipping and frame rearrangement).
Diarrheal syndrome in SARS CoV2 infection
Authors: Stanciu Ionuț Valentin , Pîșlan Viorica , Pohrib Ionela , Iulia Cioroiu , Danteș Elena 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 is a new virus belonging to the Betacoronaviruses genus, from the Coronavirus family. The main clinical symptoms encountered in COVID 19 are fever, cough and shortness of breath and they have been affecting more than 80% of patients. Compared to the patients that are infected with MERS Co-V or SARS-Co-V, where diarrheal syndrome was present in approximately 25% of cases, in SARS-Co-V 2 infection, diarrhea syndrome is present in less than 10% of cases.
Clinical case: A 59-year-old patient, smoker, known to have a history of cardiovascular disease and type II Diabetes, presented to the emergency unit with fever, productive mucopurulent cough and multiple diarrhea stools. Pulmonary radiography was performed and showed multiple oval opacities with a tendency to confluence disseminated basally bilateral. A RT-PCR SARSCo-V-2 test was performed with a positive result. The patient was admitted to the hospital and received specialized treatment during which the previous symptoms gradually recovered, including diarrhea syndrome. After 4 days of treatment, the diarrhea of the stools reappeared, and it was decided to investigate for Clostridium Difficile. The test proved to be positive. Treatment was established according to the protocol with favorable clinical and biological evolution.
Conclusions: The newly diagnosed diarrhea syndrome in a hospitalized patient should constantly raise the suspicion of a Clostridium Difficile infection, which may worsen the prognosis of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2.
Cerebral tuberculosis - a diagnostic challenge
Authors: Băiceanu Dragoș , Tănăsescu Mihaela , Mahler Beatrice , Mihălțan Florin Dumitru , Hristea Adriana 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Background: Central nervous system (CNS) tuberculosis (TB) accounts for 1% of all cases of TB and is a major cause of mortality and morbidity. Cerebral tuberculomas represent 30% of CNS TB and is a diagnostic challenge.

Case presentation: A 42-year-old male patient, known with alcoholic cirrhosis, performs a cerebral computer tomography (CT) after a lipothymic episode accompanied by right hemiparesis, which showed multiple parenchymal ring-lesions (inflammatory-infectious substrate/secondary tumours). Subsequently, the thoracic-abdominal-pelvic-CT-scan reveals micronodular diffuse pulmonary infiltrate and right pleural effusion. Cerebral Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) describes bilateral infra/supratentorial lesions, raising the suspicion of tuberculomas. HIV serology was negative, cerebrospinal fluid showed no pleocytosis, but high protein level, pleural lymphocytosis in the pleural effusion and positive GeneXpert test in bronchial aspirate. The diagnosis of military TB with cerebral tuberculomas was established. The outcome was favourable under antituberculous treatment initially associated with corticosteroids. At two months the patient had a significant improvement in pulmonary lesions, but while some cerebral lesions decreased in size other lesions increased (paradoxical reaction). At the 14-month end-of-treatment re-evaluation there was an important regression in number and size of the brain lesions.

Conclusions: The diagnosis of cerebral tuberculoma remains a challenge for the clinician due to non-specific clinical and radiological findings. The survival rate is over 80% with early diagnosis and correct treatment.