bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stability analysis of CO2 gas shielded welding short-circuit transition process based on GMAW dynamic model
Authors: Zhao Yifan , Wang Ying , Meng Lingkun , Song Baiyu , Liu Ruitao , Zhao Jin 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Based on the arc phase and short-circuit phase and their relationship, the paper considers the changes of the extension length of the welding wire, the arc length, liquid bridge resistance and mass of liquid bridge, combines the improved "mass-spring" model with the loop model of welding power system, puts forward the critical judgment condition of droplet transition, and establishes a more accurate dynamic model for describing the short-circuit transition process. Through the dynamic model, the short-circuit transition frequency, welding current and voltage, contact droplet and residual droplet equivalent radius (including mean and statistical distribution) and the dynamic changes of droplet equivalent radius at different wire feeding speeds were calculated and analyzed, and compared with the experimental results, they were in good agreement. The dynamic changes of droplet displacement, velocity, welding wire extension length and liquid bridge shape are discussed. The results show that the fluctuations of droplet displacement, velocity, and extension length of welding wire is the smallest at the optimal arc point, and the smaller the radius of curvature of the initial liquid bridge is, the better the stability of short-circuit transition is.
The Agreement among Syringing, Dacryocystography, and Dacryoendoscopy in Lacrimal Duct Obstruction
Authors: Nakamura Jutaro , Kamao Tomoyuki , Mitani Arisa , Mizuki Nobuhisa , Shiraishi Atsushi 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Aims: To investigate the agreement of diagnostic findings in syringing, dacryocystography (DCG), and dacryoendoscopy in the obstruction of the lacrimal drainage system (LDS) obstruction.
Methods: We retrospectively examined 113 patients (211 LDS) who underwent syringing, DCG, and dacryoendoscopy to preoperatively evaluate LDS obstruction. Obstruction was compared by classifying the obstruction grade and site into three levels, respectively. The diagnostic agreement between examinations was assessed by determining the weighted kappa value.
Results: A total of 25 male (49 LDS) and 88 female patients (162 LDS) were included in this study. Obstruction was observed in 77.4%, 60.0%, and 81.3% of LDS by syringing, DCG, and dacryoendoscopy, respectively. Regarding the agreement in obstruction grade, Cohen’s kappa value for DCG and dacryoendoscopy was 0.65 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.56–0.74). DCG diagnosed as patent in 38.4% of all LDS, whereas 47.9% of them showed partial or complete obstruction by dacryoendoscopy. Meanwhile, DCG and dacryoendoscopy showed consistency in the obstruction site in 77.9% of LDS. When discrepancies were observed between syringing and dacryoendoscopy to detect the obstruction site, the combination of syringing and DCG reached dacryoendoscopy findings at the 99% level.
Conclusions: “Substantial” agreements were found among the three examinations in diagnosing LDS obstruction grade and site. Then, the highest agreement was observed between syringing and dacryoendoscopy in determining the obstruction site (κ = 0.7). The lowest agreements were observed between syringing and DCG in diagnosing the obstruction grade and site (κ = 0.55 for both).
Betulin and its Derivatives Reduce Inflammation and COX-2 Activity in Macrophages
Authors: Szlasa Wojciech , Ślusarczyk Sylwester , Nawrot-Hadzik Izabela , Abel Renata , Zalesińska Aleksandra , Szewczyk Anna , Sauer Natalia , Preissner Robert , Saczko Jolanta , Drąg Marcin , Poręba Marcin , Daczewska Małgorzata , Kulbacka Julita , Drąg-Zalesińska Małgorzata 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Betulin is a heavily studied natural compound for its use as an anticancer or pro-regenerative agent. The structural similarity of betulin to steroids gives rise to the idea, that the substance may as well act as an anti-inflammatory drug. This study is the first to describe the anti-inflammatory properties of betulinic acid, betulin, and its derivatives with amino acids - 1,4-diaminebutane (Dab), 1,3-diaminepropane (Dap), Ornithine (Orn), and Lysine (Lys) on murine macrophages from lymphoma site. The compounds were compared to dexamethasone.
To establish the response of the macrophages to the natural compounds, we tested the viability as well as sensitivity to the inflammatory signaling (IFNγR). IL-6 secretory properties and HSP-70 content in the cells were examined. Further, we characterized the effects of compounds on the inhibition of COX-2 activity both in the enzymatic assays and molecular docking studies. Then, the changes in COX-2 expression after betulin treatment were assessed.
Betulin and betulinic acid are the low-cytotoxicity compounds with the highest potential to decrease inflammation via reduced IL-6 secretion. To some extent, they induce the reorganization of IFNγR with nearly no effect on COX-2 activity. Conversely, Bet-Orn and Bet-Lys are highly cytotoxic and induce the aggregation of IFNγR. Besides, Bet-Lys reduces the activity of COX-2 to a higher degree than dexamethasone. Bet-Orn is the only one to increase the HSP-70 content in the macrophages. In case of IL-6 reduction, all compounds were more potent than dexamethasone.
Fano Resonant Optical coatings platform for Full Gamut and High Purity Structural Colors
Authors: Guo Chunlei , ElKabbash Mohamed , Hoffman Nathaniel , Lininger Andrew , Jalil Sohail , Letsou Theodore , Hinczewski Michael , Strangi Giuseppe 
Published: October 2022

AbstractStructural coloring is a photostable and environmentally friendly coloring approach that harnesses optical interference and Nanophotonic resonances to obtain colors with a range of applications including display technologies, colorful solar panels, steganography, décor, data storage, and anticounterfeiting measures. We show that optical coatings exhibiting the photonic Fano Resonance present an ideal platform for structural coloring- they provide full color access, high color purity, high brightness, controlled iridescence, and scalable manufacturing. We show that an additional oxide film deposited on Fano resonant optical coatings (FROCs) increases the color purity (up to 97%) and color gamut coverage range (> 99% coverage of the sRGB and Adobe color spaces). For coloring applications that do not require high spatial resolution, FROCs have a significant advantage over existing structural coloring schemes.
Exploration of key genes combining with immune infiltration level and tumor mutational burden in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Ren Haozhen , Zhang Lu , Shi Xiaolei , Xu Chen-Zhuo 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second most common cancer-associated cause of death globally. It is thus vital that the novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers associated with early-stage HCC be identified. Keratin 17 (KRT17) has previously been reported to be associated with certain cancer types. However, its relationship with HCC remains to be defined.
Methods: The expression of KRT17 in the TCGA LIHC database and in 44 pairs of samples collected from patients with HCC was assessed using qRT-PCR, WB, and IHC. The prognostic relevance of KRT17 was assessed using Kaplan–Meir curves. The important cancer- and KRT17-related biological processes were defined through gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). The functional link between KRT17 expression and tumor cell proliferation/survival was assessed using flow cytometry, colony formation assay, CCK-8 assay, and subcutaneous tumor model approaches. Protein–protein interaction (PPI) networks and analyses of immune cell infiltration were also employed to define the signaling pathways associated with KRT17 expression in HCC.
Results: HCC tissue samples exhibited increased KRT17 mRNA and protein expression that was predictive of poorer patient survival (P <0.001). GSEA and functional experiments revealed that KRT17 functioned as a regulator of HCC. PPI network analyses also revealed that KRT17 expression was linked to immune cell infiltration and activation in patients with HCC.
Conclusions: We found that increased KRT17 levels were associated with poorer survival, more aggressive disease, and altered immune cell infiltration in patients suffering from HCC. KRT17 may function as an oncogene and a prognostic biomarker in this cancer type.
Joint Resource Allocation Algorithm for D2D Communication in 5G Wireless Networks
Authors: Gopal Malle , T Velmurugan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Device-to-device (D2D) communication is one of the most emerging technologyies for improving spectrum efficiency and Data rate requirements in 5G wireless networks. It also reduces the offload traffic rate in advanced network communications employing wireless methods. In the present work, a Kuhn-Munkres-based joint uplink-downlink resource allocation approach (AKMJUDRA) is presented for obtaining optimized throughput for the network. This is at the time of considering the D2D users’ Quality of Service as well as cellular users (CUs). To be specific, the method in the proposal is allowing the device users for reusing the resource provisions of CUs during either downlink or uplink. Formulation of optimizing problems is done as a mixed integer non-linear programming language generally called NP-hard (Non-Polynomial time hardness). The issue is addressed in a couple of different stages. The first stage is assigning Sub Channel (SC) and the second stage is Power Allocation (PA). Finally, the results are compared with the existing Joint Uplink Downlink Resource Allocation (JUDRA) techniques. This verifies the performance of the SC assignment and PA with network throughput, maximum transmission power and distance as primary parameters. The Proposed AKMJUDRA approach is a convergence of an optimal solution in polynomial time.
Preparedness of newly qualified dentists in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alsoghier Abdullah , Ali Kamran 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the self-reported preparedness for the dental practice amongst new dental graduates in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Methods: Purposive sampling techniques were used to invite newly qualified dental graduates in Riyadh Saudi Arabia to self-evaluate their preparedness for practise by providing responses to the Dental Undergraduate preparedness assessment scale (DU-PAS).
Results: The data highlighted several weakness amongst the participants. Of the 82 participants, less than 40% of participants were able independently to prescribe medications, assess orthodontics needs and perform endodontic treatment on multirooted teeth. In addition, more than 65% indicated low preparedness scores for evaluating new dental materials and products, interpreting new research findings and behavioural management of children. The DU-PAS presented an excellent reliability coefficient (α = 0.93).
Conclusion: Periodic and longitudinal evaluations of dental students can help identify gaps in knowledge and skills and offer opportunities to address the learning needs of future dentists. Early recognition of weaknesses in future graduates allows dental educators to take appropriate remedial measures. A tailored approach may be used to address the learning needs of individual students through structured feedback, encouraging reflective practice, and providing additional training to help students consolidate their clinical skills.
Prerogative on Women Health: A Qualitative Study on Feminine Hygiene Practices in India
Authors: Shukla Smriti , Sanjeev Rinku 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background:
Feminine research has shown a growing trend in the past decades, yet there has been limited empirical research on how gynaecologists observe the awareness of feminine hygiene among females. Gynaecologists play an important role in advising and diagnosing such Feminine Hygiene Practices. This study aims to investigate gynaecologists' perspectives on existing female awareness and essential feminine hygiene practices that females should maintain during menstruation.
Methods:
This study used a qualitative approach for comprehending feminine hygiene practices that critically affect female menstruation health. The research was conducted through in-depth interviews with experienced health professionals in obstetrics and gynaecology. Fifteen qualified gynaecologists purposively selected from both rural and urban areas. We focused on Albert Bandura's Social Cognitive Theory (SCT), which he later applied in the health promotion context.
Results:
This study provides an empirical basis for various aspects of feminine hygiene from the perspective of gynaecologists. Although the results also depict contradictory responses from gynaecologists about the benefits of using feminine hygiene products, this study emphasized the comparative opinion of menstrual cups and tampons against sanitary napkins. The following five themes emerged from the responses: feminine hygiene and women's health, lack of awareness, ignorance of hygiene practices, delay in treatment, and reluctance to accept menstrual cups and tampons.
Conclusions:
This study provides an empirical basis for various aspects of feminine hygiene from the perspective of gynaecologists. Increased investment in making the rural female population aware of the importance of feminine hygiene is needed. Awareness of menstrual cups and tampons for health professionals and common female population is essential as these products can be the future of menstrual hygiene.
An optimal protective ventilation strategy in lung resection surgery: A prospective, single- center, 3-arm randomized controlled trial
Authors: Min Se-Hee , Yoon Susie , Choe Hyun Woo , Seo Jeong-Hwa , Bahk Jae-Hyon 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
To establish an optimal strategy for one-lung ventilation (OLV), we compared 3 ventilation strategies for avoiding postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs). Eighty-seven patients requiring OLV for elective thoracic surgery were enrolled and allocated to 3 groups according to ventilation strategies: VT of 4 ml kg-1 of predicted body weight (PBW) (n=29, low volume [LV] group); VT of 6 ml kg-1 of PBW (n=29, medium volume [MV] group); and VT of 8 ml kg-1 of PBW (n=29, high volume [HV] group). All groups were ventilated at PEEP of 5 cmH2O. The primary outcomes included the incidence of PPCs, defined as PaO2/FiO2<300 mmHg, and/or newly developed lung lesions, including infiltration and atelectasis, within 3 days postoperatively. The MV group showed the lowest incidence of PPCs among the LV, MV, and HV groups (12/26 [30.8%] vs 8/29 [20.5%] vs 19/27 [48.7%], P=0.006, respectively). The LV and MV groups revealed significantly higher PaO2/FiO2 ratio than the HV group 6 hours after surgery (P=0.024 and P=0.016, respectively). There were no differences in ventilator-induced lung lesions among the 3 groups. During OLV, protective ventilation at VT of 6 ml kg-1 with PEEP of 5 cmH2O may attain higher postoperative PaO2/FiO2 ratio and lower incidence of PPCs.
Registry number of ClnicalTrials.gov: NCT03234621
Soil zinc fertilisation does not increase maize yields but improves nutritional quality
Authors: Eynde Elise Van , Breure Mirjam , Chikowo Regis , Njoroge Samuel , Comans Rob N.J. , Hoffland Ellis 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

AIMS
Fertilisation of crops with zinc (Zn) is considered important to enhance agricultural productivity and combat human deficiencies in sub-Saharan Africa. However, it is unclear on which soils Zn fertilisation can lead to higher yields and increased grain Zn concentrations. This study aimed to find soil properties that predict where soil Zn is limiting maize yields and grain Zn concentrations, and where these respond positively to Zn fertilisation.
METHODS
Zinc omission trials were set up at multiple farm locations in Kenya (n=5), Zambia (n=4) and Zimbabwe (n=10). Grain yields and tissue Zn concentrations were analysed from plots with a full fertiliser treatment as compared to plots where Zn was omitted.
RESULTS
Zinc uptake (R2 = 0.35) and grain Zn concentrations (R2=0.26) on the plots without Zn fertiliser could be related to a limited extend to soil Zn measured in extractions that measure labile Zn. A positive maize yield response to soil Zn fertilisation was found at only two out of nineteen locations, despite soil Zn levels below previously derived critical concentrations at most locations. Soil properties nor plant concentrations were able to explain maize yield response to Zn fertilisation. However, a positive response in Zn uptake and grain Zn concentrations to Zn fertilisation was found at the majority of sites.
CONCLUSIONS
We conclude that soil Zn fertilisation can increase maize grain Zn concentrations, especially in soils with low pH and organic carbon content. Predicting a yield response to Zn fertilisation based on soil properties remains a challenge.
Machine Learning Predictive Performance Evaluation of Conventional and Fuzzy Radiomics in Clinical Cancer Imaging Cohorts
Authors: Grahovac Marko , Spielvogel Clemens , Krajnc Denis , Ecsedi Boglarka , Traub-Weidinger Tatjana , Rasul Sazan , Kluge Kilian , Zhao Meixin , Li Xiang , Hacker Marcus , Haug Alexander , Papp Laszlo 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
Hybrid imaging became an instrumental part of medical imaging, particularly cancer imaging processes in clinical routine. To date, several radiomic and machine learning studies investigated the feasibility of in vivo tumor characterization with variable outcomes. This study aims to investigate the effect of recently proposed fuzzy radiomics and compare its predictive performance to conventional radiomics in cancer imaging cohorts. In addition, lesion vs. lesion + surrounding fuzzy and conventional radiomic analysis was conducted.
Methods
Previously published 11C Methionine (MET) positron emission tomography (PET) glioma, 18F-FDG PET/computed tomography (CT) lung and 68GA-PSMA-11 PET/magneto-resonance imaging (MRI) prostate cancer retrospective cohorts were included in the analysis to predict their respective clinical end-points. Four delineation methods including manually-defined reference binary (Ref-B), its smoothed, fuzzified version (Ref-F), as well as extended binary (Ext-B) and its fuzzified version (Ext-F) were incorporated to extract imaging biomarker standardization initiative (IBSI)-conform radiomic features from each cohort. Machine learning for the four delineation approaches was performed utilizing a Monte Carlo cross-validation scheme to estimate the predictive performance of the four delineation methods.
Results
Reference fuzzy (Ref-F) delineation outperformed its binary delineation (Ref-B) counterpart in all cohorts within a volume range of 938–354987 mm3 with relative cross-validation area under the receiver operator characteristics curve (AUC) of + 0.07–0.11. Across all lesions, the highest performance difference was observed by the Ref-F delineation in the prostate cohort (AUC: 0.84 vs. 0.79–0.80). In addition, fuzzy radiomics decreased feature redundancy by approx. 20%.
Conclusions
Fuzzy radiomics has the potential to increase predictive performance particularly in small lesion sizes compared to conventional binary radiomics in PET. We hypothesize that this effect is due to the ability of fuzzy radiomics to model partial volume effects and delineation uncertainties at small lesion boundaries. In addition, we consider that the lower redundancy of fuzzy radiomic features supports the identification of imaging biomarkers in future studies. Future studies shall consider systematically analyzing lesions and their surroundings with fuzzy and binary radiomics.
Evaluation of Long-Term Boiling Water Immersion as Artificial Aging Test of Silicone Rubber Insulators
Authors: Akbari Mohammad , Shayegani-Akmal Amir Abbas 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Our country IRAN have long coastal area with length of more than 1830 km. Utility companies with 30 years of experience in using polymeric insulators in this very heavy polluted area. Operational history in these areas indicates many insulating problems. With the advancement of polymer insulation technology, the utilities want to select the longest life insulators for these areas. Laboratory studies accelerated testing of polymer insulators is the only available method to investigate the trend of insulator degradation during the aging process, because it takes a long time for noticeable changes and signs of aging to appear on insulators in the power grid. Different methods such as salt-fog, UV and boiling water are used to test artificial aging, each method has advantages and disadvantages. In our experience, boiling water is used as a low-cost method in compared to the other methods especially salt fog test. The aim of this research was to determine a shorter method for evaluation of SR insulators. In this paper, the accelerated aging of polymer insulators using salt-fog and boiling water immersion tests are investigated. During and after the aging test, the polymer insulator's electrical quality is analysed using leakage current measurement tools, partial discharge, and hydrophobicity. Surface changes are also analysed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), Thermo Gravimetrical Analysis (TGA), and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) both qualitatively and quantitatively. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2022
Intravenous iron administered the day before total knee arthroplasty improves postoperative anemia recovery and shortens length of hospital stay
Authors: Kang Min Wook , Jung Ho Jung , Kim Joong Il , Lee Joon Kyu 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIntroduction:Intravenous (IV) iron supplementation protects against postoperative anemia after TKA (Total knee arthroplasty); however, the effectiveness of IV iron, administered one day before TKA, on postoperative anemia and functional recovery is unknown.Materials and Methods:Retrospective study with propensity score matching using two consecutive groups of patients who underwent TKA: the iron group received 500 mg iron isomaltoside intravenously one day before surgery; the non-iron group did not. Hemoglobin (Hb) level was determined at postoperative days (PODs) 2, 4, 6, 14, and 30. Ferritin, transferrin saturation (TSAT), and functional iron deficiency anemia (IDA) rate were measured at PODs 2, 4, 6, and 14. The transfusion rate and length of hospital stay (LOS) were evaluated.Results:The iron group had higher Hb levels at PODs 6, 14, and 30 and higher ferritin and TSAT at PODs 2, 4, 6, and 14. Functional IDA rate was significantly higher in the non-iron group at PODs 2, 4, 6, and 14. Transfusion rate was not different between the groups. However, LOS was significantly shorter in the iron group.Conclusion:IV iron administered one day before TKA can improve postoperative anemia recovery and shorten length of stay, but does not lower postoperative transfusion rate.