bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efectos de la intensidad y momento de raleo en Cerezo (Prunus avium) cv Santina / Effects of intensity and the moment of fruit thinning in Cherries (Prunus avium) cv Santina
Authors: Fagotti Pamela , Sosa Daniel , Mignone Cesar , Curetti Mariela , Benegas María Dolores Raffo , Lozano Nicolas , Herrera María Belén 
Published: January 2022

Se evaluaron los efectos de la intensidad y momentos de raleo sobre la calidad de la fruta de cerezo dulce cv Santina para el mercado de exportación. El ensayo se realizó en la zona de Vista Alegre sur (Pcia del Neuquén) en una plantación de alta densidad con conducción en “tatura”, homogénea en características edáficas y manejo; con riego microaspersión para el control de heladas. Se seleccionaron 25 árboles similares en desarrollo y se asignaron al azar cinco tratamientos (T0- Testigo, T1- Raleo del 50% de yemas en dormancia, T2- Raleo del 50% de ramilletes florales, T3- Raleo del 50% de frutos a 15 días del cuaje y T4- Raleo de 50% frutos a 25 días del cuaje). La cosecha se realizó en una pasada, se pesó la totalidad de los frutos de las plantas seleccionadas y de una muestra de 125 frutos se determinó peso individual, calibre, categorías de color (según tabla de color INTA), firmeza, materia seca, sólidos solubles y acidez titulable. Según los datos obtenidos en esta primera temporada, el raleo del 50% de yemas sería el más conveniente para lograr las mejores características de la fruta para exportación en este cultivar de cosecha temprana
O ciclo estral da fêmea felina silvestre em cativeiro / The estrous cycle of the female felid in captivity
Authors: Nacaratti Mariana de Albuquerque , Rocha Cibelle da Silva , Silva Sheila Cristina Ferreira da 
Published: January 2022

O monitoramento do ciclo estral da fêmea felina em cativeiro é essencial para tentar reverter o declínio significativo da população devido à perda de habitat e caça. Desta forma, os zoológicos e criadouros buscam manter a linhagem genética e a biodiversidade dentre os felídeos, por meio da reprodução em cativeiro. A maioria dos felinos tem dificuldade de reproduzir em cativeiro por diversos motivos, um exemplo é o estresse causado pela ambientação errônea do recinto. Para compreender a endocrinologia, é necessário realizar o monitoramento hormonal, podendo ser feito através da análise de amostras fecais e de urina, sendo o primeiro método mais efetivo, pois os felinos excretam mais esteroides gonadais pelas fezes. A maioria dos mamíferos detectam as mudanças estacionais por meio de fotoperíodo. Sendo assim, uma baixa quantidade de melatonina como resultado de maior período de luz, promove a produção do hormônio liberador de gonadotrofinas (GNRH), responsável por estimular a liberação de hormônio folículo-estimulante (FSH) e de hormônio luteinizante (LH). O ciclo estral da fêmea felina é composto de cinco etapas, sendo elas proestro, estro, interestro, diestro e anestro. Caso o fotoperíodo ocorra adequadamente, a fêmea pode apresentar consecutivamente o proestro, estro e interestro, sem ovulação, com ou sem acasalamento, podendo ocorrer variações entre cada espécie e indivíduo. O comportamento mais receptivo ao acasalamento caracteriza o estro, no qual as fêmeas passam a apresentar sinais de vocalização, agachamento, rolamento, lordose, deflexão da cauda, aumento da secreção vaginal, receptividade, afeição e começam a esfregar-se contra superfícies. Quando a ovulação é induzida pelo estímulo físico, como o coito, ela acontece na fase de estro e necessita de uma quantidade adequada de LH liberado e, geralmente, de várias cópulas para ocorrer.
Flora del departamento del Caquetá-Colombia. Jardín Botánico Uniamazonia:15 años investigando la flora amazónica colombiana / Flora of Caquetá-Colombia. Uniamazonia Botanical Garden: 15 years researching Colombian amazon flora
Authors: Correa-Munera Marco Aurelio , Aldana-García Javier , Caicedo-Araujo Diego Andrés , López-Floriano Oscar Mauricio , Ortiz-Castillo Claudia Patricia , Velásquez-Valencia Alexander 
Published: January 2022

Se realizó la aproximación al estado del arte de la flora del departamento del Caquetá y el papel del Jardín Botánico Uniamazonia y el Herbario Enrique Forero-HUAZ, en esta tarea. Se documentó la información disponible sobre la flora del Caquetá, producto de investigaciones realizadas desde el grupo de investigación en Botánica Uniamazonia, así como las realizadas por estudiantes, investigadores nacionales y locales. Adicionalment e, se sistematizaron y publicaron en el SIB Colombia 11 734 registros de la colección de plantas vasculares. El Jardín Botánico Uniamazonia y el Herbario Enrique Forero-HUAZ, han logrado reunir y conservar en 15 años de trabajo, más de 279 plantas vasculares en su colección viva y más de 21 000 ejemplares secos de la flora de Colombia, principalmente de la zona de transición andino-amazónica y la planicie amazónica. La fracción sistematizada de plantas vasculares equivale al 55 % del total de la colección, contando con 2 679 especies, distribuidas en 203 familias y 1 133 géneros, de las cuales 2 172 especies son registros del departamento del Caquetá. Aún existen municipios y coberturas en los que no se han realizado colectas, por lo que se espera que el número de taxones aumente paralelo al proceso de sistematización.
PENGARUH MOTIVASI DAN DISIPLIN KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN BPJS KETENAGAKERJAAN BEKASI KOTA
Authors: Firdaus Muhammad Amien , Chaeriah Ella Siti 
Published: January 2022

<em>The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of motivation and work discipline on employee performance of BPJS Ketenagakerjaan Bekasi Kota. This research is included in the category of causal associative research using a quantitative approach. The population in this study were all employees of the BPJS Ketenagakerjaan Bekasi Regional Office, totaling 46 people and all of them were sampled, because the numbers were relatively small. Methods of data analysis using partially and simultaneous linear regression. The results showed that partially and simultaneous motivation and work discipline had a positive and significant effect on employee performance of BPJS Ketenagakerjaan Bekasi Kota</em>
ANALISIS MOTIVASI BELAJAR MAHASISWA PADA MATA KULIAH STATISTIKA PENDIDIKAN DENGAN LEMBAR KERJA MAHASISWA BERBASIS INQUIRY
Authors: Perdana Sukma Adi , Ramadhona Rezky 
Published: January 2022

Motivasi belajar merupakan unsur yang sangat berpengaruh dalam keberhasilan peserta didik untuk mencapai tujuan pembelajaran. Oleh karena itu pendidik mempunyai peranan penting dalam meningkatkan motivasi belajar peserta didik. Usaha yang dilakukan pendidik yaitu merancang Lembar Kerja Mahasiswa (LKM). LKM yang dirancang berbasis Inquiry sehingga mahasiswa difasilitasi untuk menemukan konsep sendiri. Sehingga penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat motivasi belajar mahasiswa pada mata kuliah statistika pendidikan setelah belajar menggunakan LKM. Aspek motivasi yang dilihat yaitu aspek affect, self concept, dan effort.
Indonesia Languange Utterance by Nias People in Gunung Sitoli
Authors: Astuti Amelia Yuli , Zebua Silvia Ningsih 
Published: January 2022

This research aims to find out the factors that influence the pronunciation of Nias people when using Indonesian as a second language, to find out the rules of language change. The theory used in this research is the theory of behaviorism and neutral theory. This research used qualitative research methods and observation techniques to collect data. Data were taken based on interviews with respondents, video recordings of interviews and field notes found in the form of words. The collected data were analyzed using inductive methods and using error analysis techniques to analyze research data. This research interviewed forty five years old man and forty two years woman who are living in Gunung Sitoli. The data collected is related to basic swadesh vocabulary and vocabulary that is not included in swadesh which changes when spoken into Indonesian. The results of the collected data describe and represent the wrong pronunciation when pronouncing Indonesian.
The results of this research indicate four factors that influence the change in Nias language in Indonesian. These factors occur because of the differences in the language system of Nias and Indonesian. The use of the Nias language is more dominant than the Indonesian language, the Nias people always use the regional language (Nias) in a formal atmosphere.
Efektivitas dan Efisiensi Biaya Pendidikan Selama Masa Pandemi Covid – 19 Pada SMA Di Kabupaten Mandailing Natal
Authors: Lubis Sulhan Hamid H , Daryanto Eka , Sinaga Osbert 
Published: January 2022

The existence of the covid 19 pandemic forced the government to issue an online learning policy. This will certainly have a significant impact on the utilization and allocation of education costs that have been budgeted and outlined in the School Work Plan both on RKAS sourced from BOS funds and Education Development Contribution funds sourced from parents of students. This study aims to see firsthand the utilization of education funds during the Covid 19 period whether it has been effective and efficient. This study uses descriptive qualitative methods. Data obtained from 24 principals bendaraha at high school in Mandailing Natal district in 2021 by spreading the questionnaire through Google format and interviews. It found that schools were not fully prepared to utilize funds effectively and efficiently. It is also inseparable from the uncertainty until when online learning ends because of the changing information (depending on the status of each region based on the level of emergency) about limited face-to-face learning schedules and new life adaptations. But allocating the cost of education in each school meets the 8 National Standards of Education even though the allocation of each SNP is uneven because of differentneeds. The transfer of financing from RKAS that has been prepared at the beginning of the year due to changes in the learning system and changes in BOS juknis. The transfer of extracurricular activities, the doubling of exam questions is eliminated and diverted to maintenance and replacement activities, the purchase of medical devices and materials such as thermoguns, handsanitizers, masks and disinfectants. Financing during the Covid-19 pandemic in general experienced significant changes in allocating rather than in the amount of funds spent. In normal times there are scouting, extracurricular sports and student council activities diverted into maintenance and reimbursement funds. The cost of subscriptions and services such as electricity has decreased but new costs such as data plans for teachers and education personnel have fallen. The cost of developing educators and education personnel has also increased due to the development of competencies followed by teachers online.
Pengaruh Supervisi Akademik Pengawas Sekolah dan Kepemimpinan Kepala Sekolah Terhadap Kinerja Guru
Authors: Khoirul Khobir  , Harapan Edi , Kesumawati Nila 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh supervisi akademik pengawas sekolah dan kepemimpinan kepala sekolah terhadap kinerja guru. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SMP Negeri Se-Kecamatan Banyuasin III. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif. Sedangkan metode peneltian yang digunakan adalah metode survei. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah kepala sekolah dan guru-guru SMP Negeri 1 dan SMP Negeri 2 Se-Kecamatan Banyuasin III yang berjumlah 70 orang. Teknik pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini menggunakan kuisioner. Sedangkan teknik analisis data menggunakan uji t dan uji F. Hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh supervisi akademik pengawas sekolah dan kepemimpinan kepala sekolah baik secara parsial maupun secara simultan terhadap kinerja guru SMP Negeri Se-Kecamatan Banyuasin III.
A Review of Surgical Techniques for the Treatment of Large Idiopathic Macular Holes
Authors: Kalur Aneesha , Muste Justin , Singh Rishi P. 
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
This meta-analysis reviews available surgical techniques for the repair of macular holes (MHs) >650 μm.

MATERIAL AND METHODS:
PubMed search criteria were used to identify 17 studies outlining surgical techniques for the repair of MHs >650 μm. Thirteen of the studies identified individual cases and were further analyzed based on MH classification. Success was defined as functional improvement and anatomic closure of the hole.

RESULTS:
Two hundred and six MHs were included in this study. There were clinically significant differences between the repair of primary and refractory MHs. Autologous retinal transplant resulted in a visual acuity improvement of −0.48 ± 0.36 log-MAR, whereas an inverted internal limiting membrane (ILM) flap and pedicle ILM flap resulted in visual acuity improvements of −0.15 ± 0.17 and −0.14 ± 0.91 logMAR, respectively.

CONCLUSION:
An inverted or pedicle ILM flap appears more effective for primary MHs, whereas refractory MHs benefit from a free flap.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2022;53:52–61.]
Analyzing relationships between rainfall and paddy harvest using artificial neural network (ANN) approach: case studies from North-western and North-central provinces, Sri Lanka
Authors: Ranasinghe Thilini , Gunawardena Gayantha , Wimalasiri Eranga M. , Rathnayake Upaka 
Published: January 2022

Purpose: Food and agriculture are frequently affected from on-going climate change. A significant percentage of annual harvest is lost due to extreme climatic conditions in different parts of the world. Sri Lanka is considered as a country which is vulnerable to climate change. Therefore, this research presents a detailed analysis to find out the non-linear relationships between the rainfall and paddy harvest in two major provinces of Sri Lanka. Research Method: North-central and North-western provinces as two major agricultural areas were selected for the study. Rainfall trends were identified using non-parametric Mann-Kendall and Sen’s slope estimator tests. The artificial neural network (ANN) approach was used to establish non-linear relationships between rainfall and paddy yield. Findings: There was no significant (p > 0.05) linear correlation between rainfall amount and the rainfed paddy yield in tested locations. However, no clear relationship between the rainfall and rain fed yield were found in the 14 predefined functions (polynomial, logarithmic, exponential and trigonometric) derived using ANN where the calculated coefficients of determination were less than 0.3. Research limitations: Due to lack of other climate variables such as temperatures, a significant relationship was not observed in this study. Originality/value: We have shown that non-linear artificial neural network approach can be used to study the impact of climate on agricultural production in Sri Lanka.
Risks affecting hybrid rice yield in Bangladesh: two-tier approach of appraisal and management
Authors: Pervez A. K. M. Kanak , Shah A.A. , Uddin M. E. , Sarker M. N. I. , Islam M. M. 
Published: January 2022

Purpose: Bangladesh faces a growing food demand from a growing population under the continuous shrinking of arable land. Most Bangladeshi farmers produce inbred rice. Hybrid rice has been shown, in China, to be far more productive per hectare. Bangladesh cannot feed itself long-term without ample produce of hybrid rice. Yet, fewer Bangladeshi farmers are growing hybrid rice at present; they perceive hybrid rice cultivation as too risky. The present study was conducted to define the yield risks of hybrid rice and develop management strategies to allow hybrid rice to contribute more to food production. Research Method: Both quantitative and qualitative methods were used to evaluate the risks of hybrid rice production from the farmers’ perspective and the experts’. Three hundred fifty-four randomly-sampled hybrid rice farmers were interviewed with key informants, focus group discussions, experts’ opinion surveys, and workshops. A fuzzy triangular scale was used in calculating the yield risks of hybrid rice production. Findings: From the results, unexpected yield performance, germination failure, unavailability of seed in sowing seasons, and crop failure due to pest infestation were identified as the critical yield risks. A regression model determined that education, family income, innovativeness, hybrid rice cultivation experience, and rice selling in public procurement are lower yield risks in growing hybrid rice. Therefore, educated farmers from high-income families, innovative farmers, experienced farmers, and farmers who sell rice in public procurement face lower yield risk in hybrid rice production. Originality/value: This study mainly identified the critical risk and management strategies for hybrid rice production in Bangladesh. The policy advises encouraging hybrid rice cultivation by reducing yield risk, which is also offered.
Measurement Capability of Laser Ultrasonic Inspection System for Evaluation of Ball-Grid Array Package Solder Balls
Authors: Reddy Vishnu V. B. , Williamson Jaimal , Sitaraman Suresh K. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Laser ultrasonic inspection is a novel, noncontact, and nondestructive technique to evaluate the quality of solder interconnections in microelectronic packages. In this technique, identification of defects or failures in solder interconnections is performed by comparing the out-of-plane displacement signals, which are produced from the propagation of ultrasonic waves, from a known good reference sample and sample under test. The laboratory-scale dual-fiber array laser ultrasonic inspection system has successfully demonstrated identifying the defects and failures in the solder interconnections in advanced microelectronic packages such as chip-scale packages, plastic ball grid array packages, and flip-chip ball grid array packages. However, the success of any metrology system depends upon precise and accurate data to be useful in the microelectronic industry. This paper has demonstrated the measurement capability of the dual-fiber array laser ultrasonic inspection system using gage repeatability and reproducibility analysis. Industrial flip-chip ball grid array packages have been used for conducting experiments using the laser ultrasonic inspection system and the inspection data are used to perform repeatability and reproducibility analysis. Gage repeatability and reproducibility studies have also been used to choose a known good reference sample for comparing the samples under test.
Gallium-Nitride Field Effect Transistors in Extreme Temperature Conditions
Authors: Duraij Martijn S. , Xiao Yudi , Zsurzsan Gabriel , Zhang Zhe 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Compact power electronic circuits and higher operating temperatures of switching devices call for an analysis and verification on the impact of the parasitic components in these devices. The found drift mechanisms in a gallium-nitride field effect transistors (GaN-FET) are studied by literature and related to measurement results. The measurements in extreme temperature conditions are far beyond the manufacturer-recommended operating range. Influences to parasitic elements in both static and dynamic operation of the GaN-FETs are investigated and related toward device losses in switch-mode power electronic circuits with the example of a half-bridge circuit. In this article, static operation investigation on the effect of temperature toward resistance, leakage currents, and reverse conduction is conducted. Dynamic operation between the two states of GaN-FET is also addressed and related to the potential impact in a switching circuit losses. A thermal chamber was built to precisely measure the effect of temperature toward parasitic elements in the devices using a curve tracer. It was found that the increment in RDSon, IDSS, IGSS, and VSD can be justified by the literature and verified by measurements. Incremental COSS and decreasing VGSth was found when exposing devices to extreme temperatures. These two parameters give real challenge over designing circuits at high temperature where timing is critical. Albeit temperature challenges, it is found that investigated GaN-FETs have potential to be used in extreme temperature-operating conditions.
TYPICAL AND ATYPICAL PRESENTATION OF COVID-19 INFECTION IN CHILDREN IN THE TOP OF PANDEMIC IN MINIA GOVERNORATE (TWO CENTER EXPERIENCE)
Authors: Sayed Madeha Abdalla , Abdelhakeem Mohamed 
Published: January 2022

Back ground: A novel coronavirus which is identified as cause of pandemic situation inFebruary2020 and affecting adult and children with variable presentation and outcome.
Objective: We studied the typical and atypical clinical and laboratory presentation of COVID-19 during the peak of the first wave in two main referral hospitals, upper Egypt El Minya governorate.
Methods: Among 88 children with suspected cases tested for COVID-19, only 22 who proved to be positive. Studied patients were classified into 3 groups based on age. The first group 2–5years,the second for 5–10years and the third one included those aged more than 10 years. All patients met diagnostic guidelines established by Egyptian Ministry of health.
Results: out of the positive 22 (25%) patients, 13(59.1%) of them were male, while 9 (40.9%) were females. All enrolled patients have a history of near contact exposure (100%). Thrombocytopenia was the highest presenting symptom in all enrolled patients18(81.8%), while other hematological findings were anemia in 11 (50%), thrombotic symptoms in 2(9.1%), pancytopenia in 2(9.1%) while bleeding was found in 1 patient (4.5%) .Fever 16 (72.7%) the common constitutional symptoms in COVID-19 were not reported in all enrolled patients (0%) while sore throat was reported in only 2 patients (9.1%).Respiratory presentation was only dominant in positive chest CT finding rather than clinical symptoms 17(72.3%) GIT symptom were the dominant presenting feature as vomiting was found in 15 (68.2%), diarrhea in 10 (45.5%), abdominal pain in 11 (50%), jaundice in 9 (40.9%) and dehydration in 6 (27.3%).Neurological symptoms were convulsions in 4(18.2%) while encephalopathy was 2(9.1%).Nephritis was the only renal presentation in the enrolled patients3 (13.6%).Cardiac presentations were only cyanosis 8 (36.4%) and arrhythmias 6 (27.3%)
Conclusion: COVID-19 has many clinical classic presentation in children however other non-typical presentation like hematological. CNS and renal presentation has been reported.