bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation of magnetite concentrate utilization as reinforcement in aluminum matrix composites
Authors: Birol Burak , Süngü Misirlioğlu Banu , ÇAKIR Öznur 
Published: September 2022

The utilization of harder particles with magnetic properties as reinforcement in aluminum matrix composites (AMCs) enhances the mechanical and magnetic properties of aluminum. Present study investigates the utilization of magnetite concentrate (MC), which is composed of mainly Fe3O4, as reinforcement in AMCs. To achieve this goal, commercially pure Al and MC powders were blended (0–40 wt.% of MC) and ground by high energy ball milling, pressed, and sintered at 600°C for 30 min under an argon atmosphere. The products were characterized by XRD, and SEM analyses. Also, the density and porosity of the samples were determined by Archimedes’ principle. According to the results, it was observed that with the increasing reinforcement amount, agglomeration of the MC particles inside the Al matrix, as well as the porosities of the samples, increased. 10–20 wt. % of MC containing samples, the porosity values were obtained around 12 vol. %, however higher reinforcement amounts, raised the porosity values to 17.33 vol. % linearly. With the increment in both nonconductive MC particles and pores, the electrical conductivity of the samples decreased linearly. On the other hand, hard reinforcement particles played a positive role in both hardness and wear properties and a 43.37 HB of hardness value and 0.197 m3/N.m × 10−12 specific wear rate was obtained for the sample containing 40 wt. %, MC. In addition, an increase in magnetic properties was observed in direct proportion to the amount of MC particles added, up to 31 Am2.kg−1 of saturation magnetization.
Differentiating Patterns of Vaping, Alcohol, and Cannabis Use Among Early Adolescents
Authors: Shahid Hamnah , Heffer Taylor , Borg Meghan E. , Buma-Wiens Annelise , Willoughby Teena 
Published: September 2022

The current study assessed whether risk factors associated with vaping were distinct from risk factors associated with other substance use (e.g., alcohol, cannabis) during adolescence. Participants ( N = 848, ages 10–16 years) completed a self-report survey to assess frequency and age of onset of substance use, risk perceptions of use, risk factors (depressive symptoms, sensation seeking, and parent-reported factors), and vape nicotine content. Groups were created to differentiate types of substance use, and frequency of substance use. Overall, adolescents who only vaped had lower depressive symptoms and indicated less nicotine vape use than adolescents who vaped and used other substances. Experimental vapers perceived other substances (but not vaping) as risky and endorsed vaping nicotine less often than regular vapers. Early initiation of vaping was not associated with polysubstance use. Taken together, our findings offer important implications for how vaping can be differentiated from other substance use during adolescence.
Radiomics of CTA is feasible in identifying muscle ischemia
Authors: Ling Zhiyu , Li Xiaoming , Wu Gang , Fadoul Hissein 
Published: September 2022

Background Advanced models based on computed tomography angiography (CTA) radiomics features in discriminating muscle ischemia from normal condition are lacking. Purpose To investigate the feasibility of radiomics of CTA in discriminating ischemic muscle from normal muscle. Material and Methods A total of 102 patients (51 ischemia and 51 non-ischemia) were analyzed using a CTA radiomics method. The radiomics features of muscle were compared between ischemic and normal cases. The maximum relevance minimum redundancy (mRMR) algorithm and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) logistic regression model were used. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to determine the performance of radiomics signature. Results Thirty-nine CTA radiomics features were significantly different between the two groups ( P < 0.05). By LASSO, six features were used to construct a model. The signature area under the curve was 0.92 and 0.91 in the training and validation cohorts, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of the signature were 92% and 86% for the training cohort, and 80% and 94% for the validation cohort, respectively. Conclusion CTA radiomics signature is useful in identifying ischemic muscle in selected patients.
Arthroscopic Latarjet With Cortical Buttons Versus Open Latarjet With Screws: A Short-Term Comparative Study
Authors: Girard Mathieu , Dalmas Yoann , Martinel Vincent , Mansat Pierre , Bonnevialle Nicolas 
Published: September 2022

Background: The arthroscopic bone block procedure according to Latarjet remains a controversial subject, and few comparative studies have demonstrated the benefit of arthroscopy over open surgery. Purpose/Hypothesis: The objective of this study was to compare both procedures by analyzing the short-term clinical results. The hypothesis was that the arthroscopic procedure is superior to the standard open procedure. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Method: This was a retrospective comparative study. Patients treated for chronic anterior instability by arthroscopic Latarjet with double cortical buttons (group A) or open Latarjet with screws (group O) with a minimum follow-up of 12 months were included. Intraoperative (duration, complications) and postoperative (complications, pain, mobility, functional scores, resumption of sport, Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale scar aesthetics, satisfaction) data were compared. Results: In total, 50 patients were included (n = 24 in group A, n = 26 in group O). Operating time was longer in group A (103 vs 61 min; P = .001). The average number of days on analgesics was higher in group A (8.9 vs 5.3 days; P = .04). The complication rate was similar for the 2 groups (12.5% vs 27%; P = .46). At 3 months, the loss of external rotation was greater in group A (–33° vs −18°; P = .01), and resumption of sports was less frequent (11% vs 48%; P = .01). At 12 months, the average scores were excellent, with no significants differences between the 2 groups: Walch-Duplay average, 90 points; Rowe, 94 points; Subjective Shoulder Value (SSV), 92.5%; sport SSV, 85%; and Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale score, 17.2 points. Conclusion: Over the short term, this comparative study did not prove the superiority of the cortical-button arthroscopic Latarjet procedure over the open Latarjet procedure. A delay in the resumption of sports, longer time to recover range of motion, and no benefit regarding postoperative pain or the aesthetic aspect of the scar were observed in this study with the arthroscopic procedure.
Financialization and Debt: Much Worse Than Parasites
Authors: Campbell Al , Bakir Erdogan 
Published: September 2022

Starting from the two correct positions that, compared to the form of capitalism that preceded it, neoliberal capitalism has generally been more harmful to working people, and that in it finance plays a greater role in both scale and scope, some political economists argue that in neoliberalism financial capital is parasitic on nonfinancial (or “productive,” or “industrial”) capital. The central argument of this article is that, to the contrary, financial capital serves all capital through the various ways that it allows for neoliberalism to increase its appropriation of surplus value. To concretely support this position, the article considers a particular financial relation, debt, and indicates seven specific ways debt expansion facilitates neoliberalism’s pursuit of increased appropriation of surplus value. Secondarily, this article rejects any stated or implied policy implications from the parasitic financial capital thesis that present “productive capitalism” as the desirable alternative to the deleterious effects of financialized capitalism. JEL Classification: G00, G51, H63
An Effectiveness Study of a Primary Care-embedded Clinical Pharmacist-Led Intervention Among Patients With Diabetes and Medicaid Coverage
Authors: Narain Kimberly Danae Cauley , Tseng Chi-Hong , Bell Douglas , Do Amanda , Follett Rob , Duru O. Kenrik , Moreno Gerardo , Mangione Carol 
Published: September 2022

Objective: Examine the impact of a primary care-embedded clinical pharmacist-led intervention (UCMyRx) on hemoglobin A1C and blood pressure control, relative to usual care, among patients with Type 2 diabetes (TD2) and Medicaid, in a large healthcare system. Methods: We used data extracted from the Electronic Health Records system and a Difference-In-Differences study design with a 2:1 propensity-matched comparison group to evaluate the impact of UCMyRx on HbA1c and systolic blood pressure among patients with TD2 and Medicaid, relative to usual care. Results: Having at least one UCMyRx clinical pharmacist visit was associated with a significant reduction in HbA1c; (−.27%, P-value= .03) but no impact on SBP. We do not find differential UCMyRx effects on HbA1c or SBP among the subpopulations with baseline HbA1C ≥9% or SBP ≥150 mmHg, respectively. In Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI)-stratified analyses we found stronger UCMyRx effects on HbA1C (−.47%, P-value< .02) among the CCI tercile with the lowest comorbidity score (CC1 ≤ 5). Significant UCMyRx effects are only observed among the subpopulation of Medicaid beneficiaries without Medicare (−.35%, P-value= .02). Conclusions: The UCMyRx intervention is a useful strategy for improving HbA1c control among patients with TD2 and Medicaid.
Impact of SMART Goals on Diabetes Management in a Pharmacist-Led Telehealth Clinic
Authors: Cook Hannah E. , Garris Lindsay A. , Gulum Alev H. , Steber Carolyn J. 
Published: September 2022

Background: Although there is evidence demonstrating successful implementation of SMART (specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, time-bound) goals in clinical settings, their impact on improving diabetes control has not been well-established. Objective: The primary objective was to determine the association between setting SMART goals and change in A1c among a Veteran population. Methods: This was an IRB-approved retrospective, case-control study. Patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) managed virtually by a Clinical Pharmacy Specialist at a VA Community-Based Outpatient Clinic were eligible for inclusion. The electronic medical record was used to identify patients that set a SMART goal for DM management during the study timeframe. These patients were matched to a similar cohort of patients that did not set a SMART goal. Results: There were 100 patients included in the study. Goal A1c was achieved in 30% of patients in the SMART goal group compared with 24% of patients in the control group. There was a 1.2% reduction in A1c from baseline to 3 months in the SMART goal group vs .85% in the control group ( P = .287). The mean number of medication changes per patient was 1.7 in the SMART goal group vs 2.1 in the control group ( P = .174). Patients in the SMART goal group set an average of 1.5 SMART goals during the study period. Conclusion: Overall, patients that set SMART goals had clinically meaningful A1c lowering. Setting SMART goals for DM management in agreeable patients during diabetes telehealth visits may lead to fewer medication changes and improved diabetes control.
The corrugation of railway rails: 2. Monitoring and conclusions
Authors: Grassie Stuart L 
Published: September 2022

Monitoring of test sites has been undertaken on a new metro system for 2 years after the start of service traffic to examine whether rail corrugation would occur. The track specification required that all known corrugation formation mechanisms be considered, and mitigation measures taken for design of the trackwork. The metro includes demanding conditions for corrugation formation. Monitoring was undertaken twice annually for the first 2 years of operation at nine test sites. After this time, irregularities at all sites and in all wavelength ranges were within the limits for Class 1 reprofiling in the 2006 version of the European Standard for reprofiling, in which limits on irregularities are similar to those of the acoustic standard EN ISO3095:2005. A method of undertaking a corrugation survey is presented from which it was deduced that at most 2.5% of the overall length of the railway was corrugated to an extent that could be detected by this means.
Estimating Surveillance Bias in Child Maltreatment Reporting During Home Visiting Program Involvement
Authors: Holland Margaret L. , Esserman Denise , Taylor Rose M. , Flaherty Serena , Leventhal John M. 
Published: September 2022

It is unclear if surveillance bias (increased reports to Child Protective Services [CPS] related to program involvement) has a substantial impact on evaluation of home visiting (HV) prevention programs. We estimated surveillance bias using data from Connecticut’s HV program, birth certificates, CPS, and hospitals. Using propensity score matching, we identified 15,870 families similar to 4015 HV families. The difference-in-differences approach was used to estimate surveillance bias as the change in investigated reports from the last 6 months of program involvement to the next 6 months. The median age of the children at program exit was 1.2 years (range: 60 days, 5 years). We estimated that 25.6% of investigated reports in the HV group resulted from surveillance bias. We reviewed CPS reports of 194 home-visited families to determine if a home visitor made the report and found that 10% were directly from home visitors. Program evaluations should account for surveillance bias.
The affective, behavioural, and cognitive reactions to a diagnosis of Primary Progressive Aphasia: A qualitative descriptive study
Authors: Lo Kang-Chi , Bricker-Katz Geraldine , Ballard Kirrie , Piguet Olivier 
Published: September 2022

Objectives Receiving a diagnosis of neurodegenerative disorder is life changing. Primary progressive aphasia is one such disease. Understanding how receiving this diagnosis impacts on individuals may help plan support services. However, limited qualitative research from the perspectives of people with Primary Progressive Aphasia are available for suitable care planning. Current literature primarily focuses on experiences of family members. The present study aims to fill this gap by examining the affective, behavioural, and cognitive experiences of people with Primary Progressive Aphasia. Methods Semi-structured interviews were conducted with six participants with PPA. A qualitative descriptive approach was used to describe responses from participants on: (i) what they experienced prior to receiving their diagnosis; (ii) their experience of receiving the diagnosis; and (iii) how they were living with their PPA. Verbatim transcripts were analysed using thematic analysis to identify main themes. Results Analysis revealed a superordinate theme of Multifaceted Grief with subthemes described in sequence of research questions posed, representing the three phases of Pre-Diagnosis, Time of Diagnosis, and Post-Diagnosis. Themes collectively revealed participants’ ongoing experience of loss in dealing with the evolving challenges of Primary Progressive Aphasia. Experiences of loss emerged with descriptions of feelings, thoughts, and limitations in relation to changes imposed by the illness, impacting daily activities and life roles central to participants’ pre-diagnosis sense of self. Conclusion Participants’ affective, behavioural and cognitive reactions to their Primary Progressive Aphasia diagnosis marks the onset of Multifaceted Grief borne of loss of communication and cognition. Participants expressed a need for information regarding a possible Primary Progressive Aphasia trajectory and support to enable a successful transition as their disease progressed. Collaborative engagement between speech pathologists and people with Primary Progressive Aphasia incorporates addressing all levels of the International Classification of Functioning and Health by considering neurological, psychological, and psychosocial experiences of the person with the diagnosis.
Art box deliveries: The experiences of people with dementia and their carers during the Covid 19 lockdown
Authors: Armstrong Christina , Archer Anji , Critten Valerie , Critten Sarah 
Published: September 2022

Art workshops have been looked at before in terms of impact for people with dementia but never those conducted remotely during a pandemic lockdown. Two artists, working with local museums, provided Art workshops for people with dementia and their caregivers. Due to the first Covid 19 lockdown in the UK, the artists set up a weekly delivery service of Home Art Boxes to thirty-three people with dementia and their caregivers over a period spanning 11 months. The artists received funding from local organisations and the Community Lottery Fund. Thematic analysis of the feedback from the participants regarding the project and the artists themselves provided the data for this evaluation of the project. Seven main themes were identified: organisation of the project; community and connections; supporting the caregivers; enjoyment and enrichment; well-being and cognitive benefits of the projects; equipment and instructions; and drawbacks within the project. The participants’ feedback enabled the artists to improve the contents and instructions given each week so that they were able to adjust the activities for those people with dementia whose condition was declining. Implications are that remote Art workshops are possible during lockdown restrictions, but that personal communication is equally important.
Mortality Following Treatment With and Without Paclitaxel-Coated Devices in Dialysis Patients
Authors: Böhme Tanja , Noory Elias , Beschorner Ulrich , Jacques Börries , Bürgelin Karlheinz , Hofmann Vincent , Nührenberg Thomas , Neumann Franz-Josef , Zeller Thomas 
Published: September 2022

Objectives: To evaluate the mortality after treatment with a paclitaxel (PTX)-coated device and with uncoated devices of iliac, femoropopliteal, and below-the-knee lesions in dialysis patients. Methods: Retrospective mortality analysis of dialysis patients with peripheral artery disease who underwent treatment of iliac, femoropopliteal, and/or infrapopliteal lesions with PTX-coated or uncoated devices. Results: Between 2010 and 2018, 1125 dialysis patients were treated with iliac and/or femoropopliteal and/or infrapopliteal lesions. In all, 359 patients were selected for this retrospective analysis. Of those, 122 patients were treated with uncoated devices without crossover to a PTX-coated device during follow-up and 237 patients were treated with a PTX-coated device. Mean follow-up time was 27.38±24.76 months (range=0–103). For the entire cohort, the overall mortality was 95.1% after uncoated treatment and 75.9% after PTX treatment (p<0.001). After propensity score matching (n=119), overall mortality was 95.0% after uncoated treatment and 78.2% after PTX treatment (p<0.001). For the entire cohort, multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed age (p=0.002) and critical limb ischemia (p<0.001) as independent predictors for mortality. PTX treatment was a protective factor for mortality (p<0.001). Conclusion: Mortality in dialysis patients is in general high and higher after use of uncoated devices compared with PTX-coated devices. Mortality predictors were risk factors and disease severity but not PTX treatment. Clinical Impact After the publication of Katsanos’s metaanalyses, the uncertainty regarding PTX device safety in peripheral interventions in patients mainly without end-stage renal insufficiency was initially considerable. The present study for the first time investigates the potential long-term mortality risk of dialysis patients following PTX device treatment of PAD. In contrast to a recent meta-analysis, this real-world study could show a better survival after PTX treatment in comparison to uncoated devices.
The Role of the Flexor Carpi Radialis Groove in Trapeziometacarpal Osteoarthritis
Authors: Mitchell Allison R. , Kerkhof Faes D. , Wadhwa Harsh , Ladd Amy L. 
Published: September 2022

Background: Thumb carpometacarpal (CMC) osteoarthritis (OA) is a common condition. The contribution of surrounding ligaments and tendons to the stability of the CMC joint is likely altered in OA. The flexor carpi radialis (FCR) tendon runs in the trapezial FCR groove and is often noted to be frayed during CMC arthroplasty. We hypothesized that decreased integrity of the FCR tendon is related to FCR groove morphology and is associated with increased severity of CMC OA. Methods: We examined 3-dimensional surface models based on computed tomography (CT) scans of explanted trapezia from patients who underwent thumb CMC arthroplasty. Fraying of the FCR tendon was rated intraoperatively. Measurements were taken of the FCR groove to evaluate its morphology. Preoperative thumb CMC radiographs for each patient were scored using the modified Eaton classification system and the Thumb Osteoarthritis Index. Differences in the tendon groups were examined, and multivariable linear regression models were used to test the association between tendon group and FCR groove measurement. Results: There were 136 patients who were categorized into 4 tendon groups: intact, minor fraying, fraying, and ruptured. There were no differences between the tendon groups on any measures. Conclusions: Our findings do not demonstrate a significant influence of FCR groove morphology on FCR tendon fraying in CMC arthroplasty patients. We also did not find a significant association between the FCR tendon state and degree of radiographic CMC OA. Further studies should investigate the in vivo FCR tendon to evaluate its tearing and inflammation in relation to basilar thumb pain.
Surgical management of pes planus in children with cerebral palsy: A systematic review
Authors: MacInnes Poppy , Lewis Thomas L , Griffin Cora , Martinuzzi Michela , Shepherd Karen L , Kokkinakis Michail 
Published: September 2022

Purpose: Pes planus (or flatfoot) is the most common deformity in children with cerebral palsy. There are several surgical interventions used to treat it: single calcaneal osteotomies, extra-articular arthrodesis, double calcaneal osteotomy, calcaneo-cuboid-cuneiform osteotomy, intra-articular arthrodesis, and arthroereisis. There is currently no evidence on optimal treatment for flatfoot in children with cerebral palsy. Our purpose is to systematically review studies reporting complications, recurrence rates, and radiological outcomes of the surgical management of flatfoot in children with cerebral palsy. Methods: Five databases were searched to identify studies published from inception until July 2021, with keywords relating to flatfoot, cerebral palsy, and surgical interventions. We included prospective, retrospective, and comparative study designs in the English language. Data was extracted and tabulated in duplicate into Excel, and analysis was conducted using Python SciPy. Results: In total, 1220 studies were identified of which 44 met the inclusion criteria, comprising 2234 feet in 1364 patients with a mean age of 10.3 years and mean follow-up of 55.9 months. Radiographic outcomes showed improvement with all procedures; complications and recurrence rates were too poorly reported to compare. Only 6 (14%) studies were assessed as a low risk of bias. There was substantial heterogeneity of outcome measures. Conclusion: There is a lack of high-quality, comparative studies assessing the radiological outcomes, complications, and recurrence rates of surgical alternatives to treat flatfoot in children with cerebral palsy. There is currently no clear evidence on optimal surgical treatment. Level of evidence: IIa based on Oxford Centre for Evidence-based Medicine.