bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The unreachable doorbells of South Texas: community engagement in colonias on the US-Mexico border for mosquito control
Authors: Juarez Jose G , Carbajal Ester , Dickinson Katherine L. , Garcia-Luna Selene , Vuong Nga , Mutebi John-Paul , Hemme Ryan R. , Badillo-Vargas Ismael , Hamer Gabriel L. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Mosquitoes and the diseases they transmit continue to place millions of people at risk of infection around the world. Novel methods of vector control are being developed to provide public health officials with the necessary tools to prevent disease transmission and reduce local mosquito populations. However, these methods will require public acceptance for a sustainable approach and evaluations at local settings. We currently present our efforts in community engagement carried out in colonias of the Lower Rio Grande Valley in south Texas for mosquito surveillance, control, and ecological projects. Along the US-Mexico border the term colonia refers to impoverished communities that are usually inhabited by families of Hispanic heritage. The different engagements were carried out from September 2016 to February 2019; during this time, we had three distinct phases for community engagement. In Phase 1 we show the initial approach to the colonias, Phase 2 the first recruitment procedure, and Phase 3 a modified recruitment procedure based on community members’ input. Our results show that incorporating community members in the development of communication materials and following their suggestions for engagement allowed us to generate culturally sensitive recruitment materials and to better understand the social relationships and power dynamics within these communities. We were able to effectively reach a larger portion of the community and decrease the dropout rate of participants. Community engagement should be viewed as a key component of any local vector control program as well as for any scientific research project related to vector control. Even in the face budgetary constraints, small efforts in community engagement go a long way.
Study of the judder Characteristics of Friction Material for an Automobile Clutch and Test Verification
Authors: Wang Leigang , Yan Zhengfeng , Li Hangsheng , Lei Hairui , Xie Maoqing 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The friction judder characteristics during clutch engagement have a significant influence on the NVH of a driveline. In this research, the judder characteristics of automobile clutch friction materials and experimental verification are studied. First, considering the stick-slip phenomenon in the clutch engagement process, a detailed six-degrees-of-freedom (DOF) model including the body, engine, clutch and friction lining, torsional damper, transmission and other driveline parts is established, and the calculation formula of friction torque in the clutch engagement process is determined. Second, the influence of the friction gradient characteristics on the amplification or attenuation of the automobile friction judder is analyzed, and the corresponding stability analysis and the numerical simulation of different friction gradient values are carried out with MATLAB/Simulink software. Finally, judder bench test equipment and a corresponding damping test program are developed, and the relationship between the friction coefficient gradient characteristics and the system damping is analyzed, to determine the evaluation basis of the test. The research results show that the friction lining with negative gradient characteristics of the friction coefficient will have a judder signal. When the friction gradient value is less than −0.005 s /m, the judder signal of the measured clutch cannot be completely attenuated, and the judder phenomenon occurs. When the friction gradient is greater than −0.005 s/m, the judder signal can be significantly suppressed and the system connection tends to be stable.
IKK2/NFkB signaling controls lung resident CD8 T cell memory during influenza infection
Authors: Teixeiro Emma , Pritzl Curtis , Luera Dezzarae , Knudson Karin , Quaney Michael , Daniels Mark 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
CD8 tissue resident memory (TRM) cells are especially suited to control pathogen spread at mucosal sites. However, their maintenance in lung is limited. Here, we found that enhancing NFkB signaling in T cells once memory to influenza is established increased pro-survival Bcl-2 and CD122 levels boosting lung CD8 TRM maintenance. By contrast, enhancing NFkB signals during the contraction phase of the response led to a defect in TRM differentiation without impairing recirculating memory subsets. Specifically, inducible activation of NFkB via constitutive active IKK2 or TNF interfered with TGFb signaling resulting in defects of lung CD8 TRM imprinting molecules CD69, CD103, Runx3 and Eomes. Conversely, inhibiting NFkB signals not only recovered but improved the transcriptional signature and generation of lung CD8 TRM. Thus, NFkB signaling is a critical regulator of tissue resident memory, whose levels can be tuned at specific times during infection to boost lung CD8 TRM.
LiFi and Hybrid WiFi/LiFi Indoor Networking: From Theory to Practice
Authors: Ghaderi Mohammad Reza 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Today, researchers and manufacturers consider light fidelity (LiFi) technology as an essential solution for fast data transfer in networks. In addition, one of the essential solutions to meet the traffic restriction challenge caused by the growing demand of Internet users is the integration of various communication technologies. Combining LiFi and wireless fidelity (WiFi) technologies is an effective solution to overcome this challenge. Hybrid WiFi/LiFi network uses fast data transfer from LiFi and wide coverage from WiFi. Therefore, their integration can complement the shortcomings of each of these technologies and increases the network performance. In this work, while presenting theoretical concepts of LiFi and hybrid WiFi/LiFi networks, issues such as network structure, cell deployment, modulation techniques, multiple access schemes, and criteria for measuring network performance are discussed. We present practical concepts for implementing LiFi-based networks in detail.
Real-space observations of three-dimensional antiskyrmions and skyrmion strings
Authors: Yu Xiuzhen , Iakoubovskii Konstantin , Yasin Fehmi , Peng Licong , Nakajima Kiyomi , Schneider Sebastian , Karube Kosuke , Arima Taka-hisa , Taguchi Yasujiro , Tokura Yoshinori 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Nanometric topological spin textures, such as magnetic skyrmions (Sks) and antiskyrmions (antiSks), have attracted much attention in condensed matter physics and spintronics. To date, most studies have focused on two-dimensional Sks and antiSks in thin films with inherent or synthetic antisymmetric spin exchange interaction, termed Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction, for their topological features and information-carrier functions. Although three-dimensional (3D) spin textures are ubiquitous, previous studies have focused mostly on cylindrical Sks or other non-topological magnetic vortices. Nontrivial 3D spin textures, such as antiSks composed of alternating Bloch- and Néel-type spin spirals, chiral bobbers carrying emergent magnetic monopoles, and deformed Sk strings, have rarely been identified, particularly on their topological nature. To elucidate these textures, we have developed a 3D nanometric magnetic imaging technique - tomographic Lorentz transmission electron microscopy. This approach enables not only the visualisation of 3D shape of magnetic objects, but also their 3D vector field mapping. The present research will lead to discoveries and advanced understanding of fertile 3D magnetic structures in a broad class of magnets, providing insight into 3D topological magnetism.
Association between triglyceride-glucose index and gastroesophageal reflux disease: a health checkup cohort study
Authors: Kim Jie-Hyun , Kim Young Min , Park Jong Suk , Baik Su Jung , Chun Jaeyoung , Youn Young Hoon , Park Hyojin 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index was proposed as a useful marker of metabolic syndrome. Insulin resistance, which is the main mechanism underlying metabolic syndrome, is related to the gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). This study aimed to elucidate the association between the TyG index and GERD. We retrospectively reviewed the electronic medical records of patients who underwent gastroduodenoscopy at a checkup center. The calculation of TyG index used following formula: ln (fasting triglycerides [mg/dL] × fasting glucose [mg/dL]/2). We divided the patients into four groups according to the TyG index quartile (Q). We evaluated the relationship between the alteration of the TyG index and GERD in patients who received health checkup two times. Among the 52,605 enrolled patients, 3,073 (5.8%) were diagnosed with GERD. The odds ratios (ORs) for GERD in the TyG index progressively increased across quartiles (P < 0.001): Q2 (OR = 2.477), Q3 (OR = 3.013), and Q4 (OR = 4.027) compared with Q1, which was used as a reference. Male, obesity, smoking, alcohol consumption, and hypertension were also predictive factors for GERD. Moreover, the degree of TyG index increase during the first and second tests in the GERD group was more prominent than that in the control group (P = 0.001). In conclusion, the higher TyG index was significantly associated with GERD. The TyG index may be a novel predictive biomarker of GERD.
Fuel-Driven Formation of Covalent Basket Cages
Authors: Badjic Jovica , Gunawardana Vageesha Liyana , Finnegan Tyler , Ward Carson , Moore Curtis 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Essential functions that sustain life including reproduction, signaling and mechanical motion, persist through the consump-tion of chemical fuels. Despite recent advances in developing dissipative assemblies that mimic such systems, the fuel-driven formation of covalent organic cages with the capacity to promote catalysis, folding, delivery and sequestration has yet to be demonstrated. In this work we describe the transient formation of a nanosized, tetrahedral cage (V = 5 nm3, Mw = 6150 Da) with four molecular baskets at its vertices linked via imine bonds to four aromatic amines forming the faces. Tribromo-acetic acid (TBA) acts as the chemical fuel that drives assembly of the cage via imine metathesis in addition to controlling its formation over time. Our study sets the stage for constructing large dissipative cages with spatiotemporal modes of opera-tion resembling the action of biological molecular machines.
Evaluation of gridded precipitation products in the selected sub-basins of Lower Mekong River Basin
Authors: Dhungana Santosh , Shrestha Sangam , Van Tuan Pham , Saurav KC , Gupta Ashim Das , Lai Thi Phuoc 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Hydrological and meteorological studies demand accurate, continuous long-term reliable and uniformly distributed precipitation datasets. A plethora of gridded precipitation products (GPPs) has made their place as an alternate to rain gauge records. However, GPPs house inherent depending on the type of data, data density, gridding algorithm, etc. Hence it is crucial to evaluate them prior to their application. This study evaluated eight GPPs: Asian Precipitation Highly Resolved Observational Data Integration towards Evaluation data (APHRODITE), Climate Prediction Center (CPC), Climate Hazards Group InfraRed Precipitation with Station data (CHIRPS), Southeast Asian Observed dataset (SA-OBS), Climate Prediction Center Morphing Technique (CMORPH), The Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) -daily products and Climate Research Unit (CRU) and Global Precipitation Climatology Center (GPCC)- monthly products for 17 years (1998-2014). An entropy-based weight calculation for each statistical indices and compromise programming was employed to rank GPPs in the selected sub-basins basins (Nam Ngum River Basin (NRB) and Vietnam Mekong Delta (VMD)) of Lower Mekong Region (LMR) for mean and six extreme precipitation indices. The correlation coefficient (r), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), and skilled score (SS) were the statistical indices used in this study. In terms of capturing mean monthly precipitation, GPCC outweighed all other products for both the studied basin. However, APHRODITE ranked first on a daily based product based on compromise programming for NRB. APHRODITE consistently recorded r between 0.85 to 0.95, RMSE in between 50 and 100 mm/month and SS between 0.72 to 0.90 for the 5 observed stations. Similarly, in case of VMD, TRMM ranked first for the daily precipitation products with r in between 0.8 to 0.95, RMSE between 50 to 70 mm/month and SS between 0.56 to 0.9 when evaluated with 11 observed stations. The APHRODITE for NRB and TRMM for VMD could be reliable GPPs for hydrological and meteorological studies.
The Effect of Varying Levels of Purified Condensed Tannins on Performance, Blood Profiles, Meat Quality and Methane Emission by Male Bapedi Sheep Fed a Grass Hay and Sheep Pellet-Based Diet
Authors: Ng'ambi Jones , Selapa Morongoa , Brown David , Manyelo Tlou Grace 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This study determined the effect of purified condensed tannin inclusion levels in a diet on production, haematological indices, blood biochemical components, meat quality and methane emission by yearling indigenous male Bapedi sheep on a grass hay and sheep pellet-based diet in a 28-day trial. The diets contained similar (P>0.05) nutrients but with different (P<0.05) purified condensed tannin supplementation levels. A complete randomized design was used. Twenty-four yearling male Bapedi sheep were assigned to four dietary treatments having different purified condensed tannin levels of 0 (GH80P20PCT0), 30 (GH80P20PCT30), 40 (GH80P20PCT40) and 50 (GH80P20PCT50) g/kg DM. A quadratic type of equation was also used to determine condensed tannin supplementation levels for optimal performance and methane emission reduction by sheep. Supplementing diets with purified condensed tannins did not affect (P>0.05) intake, digestibility and performance of male Bapedi sheep. Supplementing diets with purified condensed tannins had no effect (P>0.05) on blood components of male Bapedi sheep. Bapedi sheep meat pH and sensory attributes were not influenced (P>0.05) by purified condensed tannin level in the diet. However, supplementing diets with purified condensed tannins decreased (P<0.05) methane emission by 51 to 60%. A 49.08g supplementation level with purified condensed tannins per kg DM diet was calculated, with the use of quadratic equations, to result in the lowest methane emission by male Bapedi sheep. Meat of male Bapedi rams on diets containing 30, 40 or 50g of purified condensed tannins per kg DM contained higher (P<0.05) antioxidant activities than meat from rams fed a feed without purified condensed tannins. These results indicate that purified condensed tannin supplementation levels used did not have adverse effects on Bapedi sheep. However, supplementation levels of 30, 40 or 50g of purified condensed tannins per kg DM diet reduced methane emission by 51 to 60%, and increased sheep meat antioxidant activity values. Supplementing diets with purified condensed tannins has potential to reduce methane production and emission by sheep. However, long-term studies are recommended to ascertain the present findings.
Polymer and bioink mixed strategy for human 3D printed Hippocampus model development
Authors: Rodrigues Felipe Valle Fortes , Zanirati Gabriele , Ghilardi Isadora , Marinho Allan , Maraschin Thuany , Bastos Nara Regina , Santos Carlos A. dos , Pimentel Vitória , Siqueira Lia , Marinowic Daniel , DaCosta Jaderson Costa 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Science development can be directly correlated with the models and technologies applied to best simulate the analyzed environment in relation to the clinical reality to be studied and treated. 3D printers and bioinks enable the information acquisition from a clinical imaging environment and replicate it in an experimental one, such as cultured cells, with individual anatomical fidelity and control of cell layers, which mimic real tissue. Neuronal tissue greatly benefits from this approach because it´s a tissue hard to get samples, controls and with limitations in current cell culture monolayer models. Our results demonstrate the development of a model of human hippocampus with anatomical fidelity from magnetic resonance, printed with 3D technology in polylactic acid (PLA) polymer and brain decellularized tissue bioink. Therefore, we performed a screening aiming to determine the best materials. We performed hydrophobicity, surface morphology, cell viability, direct and indirect adhesion assays in the polymers, resulting in PLA among the best performing materials. Then we demonstrated a 3D model to comprehend hippocampus anatomy and histological complexity. Our results combine different expertise in the development of a model with the potential to enhance the study and application of therapeutic strategies regarding hippocampus pathologies.
Conditionality of Soil Microbial Mediation of Plant Phenotype
Authors: Beals Kendall , Lebeis Sarah , Bailey Joseph , Schweitzer Jennifer 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Purpose: While distinct soil microbiomes and individual soil microbial taxa can alter particular plant traits under highly controlled conditions, little is known about the role of particular microbial taxa and microbial functions within complex soil microbial communities for mediating plant phenotypes or if the strength of microbial mediation of plant phenotype varies among plant species or plant phenotypic traits. Examining how the plant phenotype spectrum is influenced by the taxonomic and functional composition of complex soil microbial communities allows for a more accurate understanding of the biotic environmental drivers of plant phenotype.Methods: Using rhizosphere soil collected from field sites, we conducted a microbiome transfer glasshouse experiment to test the hypothesis that the taxonomic and functional composition of different soil microbiomes would differentially shift growth, physiological or reproductive phenotypes of three Solidago species. Results: We found that soil microbiome inoculations influenced Solidago growth traits more than physiological and reproductive traits. We found that root growth of one of the Solidago species was negatively correlated with 77% of the indicator bacterial and fungal taxa from one of the soil microbiome treatments. Conclusions: Soil microbial mediation of plant phenotype varies by plant traits, is not universal across plant species, and can be associated with a small number of microbial taxa. This study illustrates that specific microbial taxa within a soil microbiome are associated with shifts in plant phenotype by pinpointing important individual microbial taxa from complex field soil microbial communities.
Impacts of Comorbidities on Annual Incidence and Frequency of Asthma Exacerbation Hospitalisation: Data from CARN Study
Authors: Lin Jiangtao , Wang Wenqiao , Zhou Xin , Wang Changzheng , Huang Mao , Cai Shaoxi , Chen Ping , Lin Qichang , Zhou Jianying , Gu Yuhai , Yuan Yadong , Sun Dejun , Yang Xiaohong , Yang Lan , Huo Jianmin , Chen Zhuochang , Jiang Ping , Zhang Jie , Ye Xianwei , Liu Huiguo , Tang Huaping , Liu Rongyu , Liu Chuntao , Zhang Wei , Hu Chenping , Chen Yiqiang , Liu Xiaoju , Dai Luming , Zhou Wei , Huang Yijiang , Xu Jianying 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Purpose: While asthma comorbidities are associated with higher health care utilisation, lower quality of life and poorer asthma control, the impact of asthma comorbidities on hospitalisation for asthma exacerbation (H-AX) remains less recognised. We aim to analyse the impact of asthma comorbidities on H-AX.Methods: Based on a national survey on asthma control and disease perception (CARN 2015 study), we analysed the impact of comorbidities on annual incidence and frequency of H-AX in China. Information on demographic characteristics, asthma comorbidities and annual incidence and frequency of H-AX were presented in this study. Results: Among 3875 ambulatory asthma patients, 75.9% (2941/3875) had comorbidities, and 26.4% (1017/3858) experienced H-AX during past year. After adjusting for confounding factors such as demographic data, smoking status and asthma control, COPD [OR=2.189, 95%CI (1.673, 2.863)] and coronary heart disease [OR=1.387, 95%CI (1.032, 1.864)] were associated with higher annual incidence, while allergic rhinitis [OR=0.692, 95%CI (0.588, 0.815)] was associated with lower annual incidence, of H-AX. In terms of frequency, allergic rhinitis [OR=1.630, 95%CI (1.214, 2.187)], COPD [OR=1.472, 95%CI (1.021, 2.122)] and anxiety [OR=2.609, 95%CI (1.051, 6.477)] showed statistically significant correlation with frequent H-AX.Conclusions: Comorbidities such as COPD, coronary heart disease and allergic rhinitis, may have an important role in the risk and/or frequency of annual hospitalisations due to asthma exacerbation. The goal of asthma control should rely on a multi-disciplinary treatment protocol but not merely on efforts of respiratory physicians.
Dynamical double full Bloch beam created with polariton vortices
Authors: Dominici Lorenzo , Voronova Nina , Rahmani Amir , colas david , Ballarini Dario , De Giorgi Milena , Gigli Giuseppe , Laussy Fabrice , Sanvitto Daniele 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Vortices provide elementary quanta of rotation in superfluids, superconductors, and optics. In the latter case, such vortices are relevant to the encoding of arbitrary quantized angular momentum for both fiber and free-air communications, data elaboration, gyroscopes, and medical tools, and play a prominent role as building blocks in the field of structured light. Differently from the synthetic generation of arbitrary wave shaping, here we exploit the natural assets of open-dissipative exciton-polariton fluids to set into ultrafast motion a doubly-charged vortex, which also results in the time-varying orbital angular momentum of emitted light. The created topology comprises all the possible polariton pseudospins, with each state appearing twice in real space where the Bloch sphere is conformally mapped, with the orthogonality between the parallels and meridians preserved. The density of the sphere metric lines is described by the Berry curvature which is reshaping in time, but always keeps a space integral of twice the solid angle. This confirms that the spiraling motion of the two observable photonic vortex cores is due to the creation of a dynamical full Bloch beam and its evolving metric.