bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mixed material wear particle isolation from periprosthetic tissue surrounding total joint replacements
Authors: Stratton‐Powell Ashley A. , Williams Sophie , Tipper Joanne L. , Redmond Anthony C. , Brockett Claire L. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSubmicron‐sized wear particles are generally accepted as a potential cause of aseptic loosening when produced in sufficient volumes. With the accelerating use of increasingly wear‐resistant biomaterials, identifying such particles and evaluating their biological response is becoming more challenging. Highly sensitive wear particle isolation methods have been developed but these methods cannot isolate the complete spectrum of particle types present in individual tissue samples. Two established techniques were modified to create one novel method to isolate both high‐ and low‐density materials from periprosthetic tissue samples. Ten total hip replacement and eight total knee replacement tissue samples were processed. All particle types were characterized using high resolution scanning electron microscopy. UHMWPE and a range of high‐density materials were isolated from all tissue samples, including: polymethylmethacrylate, zirconium dioxide, titanium alloy, cobalt chromium alloy and stainless steel. This feasibility study demonstrates the coexistence of mixed particle types in periprosthetic tissues and provides researchers with high‐resolution images of clinically relevant wear particles that could be used as a reference for future in vitro biological response studies.
Establishment of a non‐integrated induced pluripotent stem cell line derived from human chorionic villi cells
Authors: Long Ping , Shi Yuechuan , Sun Fei , Wei Yunjian , Wu Bangyong , Li Qi , Jie Qiuling , Ma Yanlin 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundFew studies have investigated the generation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) derived from human primary chorionic villi (CV) cells. The present study aimed to explore an optimal electroporation (EP) condition for generating non‐integrated iPSCs from CV cells (CV‐iPSCs).MethodsThe EGFP plasmid was transfected into CV cells under different EP conditions to evaluate cell adherence and the rate of EGFP positive cells. Subsequently, CV cells were transfected with the pEP4‐E02S‐ET2K and pCEP4‐miR‐302–367 plasmids under optimal EP conditions. Finally, CV‐iPSC pluripotency, karyotype analysis, and differentiation ability were investigated.ResultsFollowing EP for 48 h under different conditions, different confluency, and transfection efficiency were observed in CV cells. Higher cell density was observed in CV cells exposed to 200 V for 100 s, while higher transfection efficiency was obtained in cells electroporated at a pulse of 300 V for 300 s. To generate typical primitive iPSCs, CV cells were transfected with pEP4‐E02S‐ET2K and pCEP4‐miR‐302–367 plasmids using EP and were then cultured in induction medium for 20 days under selected conditions. Subsequently, monoclonal iPSCs were isolated and were evaluated pluripotency with AP positive staining, the expression of OCT4, SOX2, and NANOG in vitro and the formation of three germ layer teratomas in vivo.ConclusionCV‐iPSCs were successfully established under the conditions of 100 μl shock cup and EP pulse of 200 V for 300 s for two times. This may provide a novel strategy for investigating the pathogenesis of several diseases and gene therapy.
Residential mobility and consumer psychology through a cultural lens
Authors: Koo Minkyung 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis study provides an extensive review of research on residential and relational mobility and discusses antecedents and consequences that implicate a wide range of psychological processes and behaviors. This commentary highlights their theoretical and practical significance in consumer research and discusses through a cultural lens the implications for specific consumer psychology domains. It also highlights the intricacy of mobility constructs, distinguishes them from the individualism–collectivism construct, and identifies consumer outcomes that warrant nuanced predictions based on residential and relational mobility and other cultural frameworks. The commentary concludes with ideas for future research.
What does the quantitative morphological diversity of starch grains in terrestrial orchids indicate?
Authors: Süngü Şeker Şenay 
Published: May 2022

AbstractStarches granules vary in structure and morphologies in the orchids as well as other plant sources that starch is industrially valuable. This article aims to provide information on the variability of starch grain based on quantitative size and shape descriptive features using regression and discriminant analysis and to develop an easy method related to starch morphology giving perspective for various disciplines. All measurements of 26 species belonging to three different tribes were obtained using polarized light and scanning electron microscopy. Results show significant differences in size descriptive (e.g., perimeter, the major axis of the fit ellipse, minimum caliper diameter) and shape descriptive (e.g., circularity, hilum position) features, suggesting that taxonomic assignment of orchids starch granules to a higher category could enable to the testing of the industrially desired product and protect orchid biodiversity.Highlights
Studies on detailed morphology and morphometry of orchid starch using polarized light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy.
Relation and effect of size descriptive on shape descriptive features (circularity and hilum position) of the starch grains.
Described size and shape pattern of starch granules, and confirmed the usefulness of quantitative data sets for easily and effectively assessing the variation of the orchid.
Understanding sustainable outcomes in international development: Towards a realist evaluation framework
Authors: Feeny Simon , Westhorp Gill , Williams Emma 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBillions of dollars continue to be provided in foreign aid each year. However, few scholarly studies have examined whether the outcomes from foreign aid interventions are sustained after donor funding has ceased. This paper examines current approaches to assessing this issue before arguing that a realist evaluation approach is ideally suited to understand why and how sustained outcomes are—or are not—achieved. It contributes to the existing literature by presenting three new frameworks to examine the sustainability of outcomes in international development as well as some Context‐Mechanism‐Outcome statements. Implications for governments, communities, households and donor/implementing organisations are discussed.
Oral administration of phenylalanine molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) benefits PKU mouse model
Authors: Torab Mansour , Jafari‐Sabet Majid , Najafizadeh Parvaneh , Sadegipour Alireza , Rahimi‐Moghaddam Parvaneh , Ebrahimi Soltan A. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPhenylketonuria (PKU) is a rare genetic disorder caused by a defect in the metabolism of phenylalanine (Phe). Currently, the most commonly used treatment for PKU is dietary Phe restriction. Problems associated with Phe restricted diets include lack of universal availability, high treatment costs, and reduced adherence to continued treatment with age and finally the development of psychological and neurological problems in a significant proportion of patients despite early start of treatment. One possible approach to decreasing blood Phe level, is inhibition of GI tract absorption of this amino acid. We had previously shown that a Phe selective molecularly imprinted polymer was able to bind Phe in the GI tract and attenuate its plasma concentration. In this work, we used different orally administered Phe selective molecularly imprinted polymer doses in a PKU mouse model to further study the effects of this treatment on biochemical profile and cognitive function in test animals. Treatments started 21 days postnatally. After 3 weeks, brain and plasma amino acid profiles and brain monoaminergic neurotransmitter concentrations were measured. Behavioral profile was also evaluated. Treatment with 2% and 5% Phe selective molecularly imprinted polymer significantly reduced levels of blood Phe in PKU model animals (46% and 48% respectively) meanwhile levels of other amino acids remained unchanged. Brain dopamine concentrations in hippocampus was effectively restored by supplementation of Phe selective molecularly imprinted polymer. Finally, polymer treatment improved locomotor dysfunction in PKU model animals. Our data suggest that the Phe selective molecularly imprinted polymer can be a new candidate for treatment of PKU patients. Take home message: Orally administered Phenylalanine Selective Molecularly Imprinted Polymer is able to inhibit absorption of phenylalanine from the GI tract and may offer a new treatment, in conjunction with dietary restriction, for PKU patients.
Influences of different intensities of El Niño–Southern Oscillation on South American precipitation
Authors: Tedeschi Renata G. , Sampaio Gilvan 
Published: May 2022

AbstractEl Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomena occur in the equatorial Pacific and differentially affect the global climate. Recently, studies have begun to analyse the influence of ENSO intensity on the global climate, but how this intensity affects South American precipitation remains unclear. This work defined the ENSO intensities each season (versus annually, as is more commonly done) because understanding this seasonal intensity is essential for seasonal forecasting. The atmospheric patterns identified in this study showed that the stronger the sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies (SSTA) in the equatorial eastern Pacific were, the stronger the atmospheric responses. The known South American precipitation pattern occurred at all ENSO intensity categories but had different intensities. However, the most important patterns in this study differed from the main pattern. Central‐eastern South America did not have a notable precipitation pattern during all El Niño (EN) years, but there was a negative pattern of strong ENs. In addition, the intensity of the precipitation anomaly during weak EN and La Niña (LN), mainly in northeastern South America, was stronger in austral autumn than in austral summer because the intensity in a previous season can influence the current season's precipitation pattern and the total SST in autumn is stronger than that in summer. Asymmetries between EN and LN events are important to consider; EN tends to be more intense than LN, and deep convection anomalies during EN are displaced eastward relative to those during LN. In this study, categories were defined based on ENSO intensities, but asymmetries appeared in atmospheric patterns, mainly in omega patterns during strong events. The intensities of SSTAs over the equatorial eastern Pacific affected the intensities of the Walker circulation and Rossby waves and, consequently, the intensity of precipitation patterns in different South American regions.
How reliable is µXRF core scanning at detecting tephra layers in sedimentary records? A case study using the Lake Suigetsu archive (central Japan)
Authors: McLean Danielle , Albert Paul G. , Schlolaut Gordon , Lamb Henry F. , Marshall Michael H. , Brauer Achim , Wade Jon , Nakagawa Takeshi , Smith Victoria C. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractHere, we evaluate the ability of micro X‐ray fluorescence (µXRF) core scanning to identify non‐visible volcanic ash (cryptotephra) layers in sedimentary records. Its suitability is assessed using the annually resolved lacustrine sediments of Lake Suigetsu (Japan) for which there is high‐resolution ITRAX µXRF core scanning data, and a detailed crypto‐tephrostratigraphy (formerly established via density separation techniques). The studied core sections contain 10 visible and 30 cryptotephra markers that span a range of glass concentrations (from 1000 to >20 000 shards per gram of dried sediment) and compositions (basalts, trachy‐andesites, phonolites, trachytes and rhyolites), thus providing an ideal case study. The ITRAX core scanner produced recognisable µXRF elemental responses for the visible ash layers, including those just 1 mm thick. However, just 10% of the cryptotephra layers could be unequivocally identified. Although this study demonstrates that µXRF core scanning should not be used as an independent method within a similar geological setting, we show it can provide a powerful tool alongside traditional techniques. Where detected, µXRF profiles can verify and refine cryptotephra positions (here to a sub‐millimetre resolution), and help establish reworking signatures. These insights create possibilities for ultra‐precise synchronisation of records, improved chronological modelling and help generate more complete eruption histories.
Clinical features in salivary gland lymphoepithelial carcinoma in 10 patients: Case series and literature review
Authors: Chou Chiung‐Tung , Ou Chun‐Yen , Lee Wei‐Ting , Hsu Heng‐Jui 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectiveLymphoepithelial carcinoma (LEC) accounts for 0.4% of malignant tumors of the salivary gland and 0.8% of parotid gland malignancies. Over the past 50 years, less than 300 cases have been reported in the literature. The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics of salivary gland LEC.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the medical records and analyzed clinical data obtained from 10 patients seen at our hospital between 2005 and 2020 with salivary gland LEC.ResultsAll patients presented with a self‐palpable, non‐tender, hard swelling, or lump near the jaw or infra‐auricular region. Most cases (n = 8) were of solitary tumors, and enhancing patterns on computed tomography mainly were homogenous (n = 8). Interestingly, eight patients tested positive for the Epstein–Barr encoding region in in situ hybridization. Still, only three patients had detectable circulating Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) DNA, and one patient had detectable EBV IgA. All patients underwent complete tumor resection, followed by radiotherapy, and six also underwent chemotherapy. Nine patients became disease‐free within 5 years, and one died due to disease 4 years after surgery.ConclusionAlthough rare and considered to be a high‐risk malignancy, LECs have favorable treatment outcomes. Circulating EBV DNA is still not considered a marker for preoperative assessment or postoperative treatment response. The role of EBV DNA requires further investigation.Level of Evidence: 4
Lower profile high‐power dual‐polarized wide‐beam tracking antenna at S‐band
Authors: Chakrabarti Satyajit , Sadhukhan Gautam , Chakraborty Ashim , Siddiqui Jawad Y. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAn S‐band dual linearly polarized monopulse tracking antenna has been developed with a cavity‐backed cross‐dipole antenna as the element. Wide‐beam and wideband tracking have been successfully demonstrated. Systematic design approaches have been presented. The cavity arrangement enhances the beamwidth of a horizontal dipole significantly retaining its wideband characteristics. The element exhibits a 3 dB beamwidth ≥145°. Such a wide beamwidth made the cavity‐backed cross dipole an attractive choice as the element for the tracking antenna. The monopulse antenna demonstrates an impedance bandwidth ≥20.7% with isolation superior to 24 dB. Dual polarized tracking has been effectively verified over ≥15% bandwidth with a broad‐side gain of 11.2 dBi. The angular field‐of‐view (FOV) for the tracking is ≥60°. Higher tracking bandwidth and wider FOV of the array, lower profile, and high‐power handling capability are the superiority of the developed antenna.
Decoupling and bandwidth equalization for MIMO antennas by using novel network design
Authors: Wu Wen‐Jing , Cheng Yi‐Feng , Chen Shichang , Wei Changning , Wang Gaofeng 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis paper proposes a novel decoupling and matching technique to enhance port isolation and broaden their common operating bandwidth for asymmetric antenna arrays. The original antennas have strong mutual coupling and a large inconsistency of bandwidths. After adding the proposed network, the coupling has been suppressed and their operating bandwidths have been equalized. To verify this technique, a reference and proposed antenna arrays with element spacing of 0.1506 ( is the wavelength in free space at the center frequency point) are simulated and fabricated. In the experiment, the port isolation is improved by about 23.7 dB at the center frequency. Their bandwidths with a reflection coefficient of −15 dB are also equalized. The common bandwidth is enhanced by about 110.63%. The proposed antenna array has potential application value in modern wireless communication.
Design of a small size C‐band cavity bandpass filter
Authors: Yu Yue‐Peng , Li Yan‐Fei 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis letter proposed a new topology of a cavity bandpass filter, with which a C‐band small size bandpass cavity filter is realized. The filter adopts a capacitor‐loaded open terminal coaxial resonant cavity, the Q factor of which is greater than 7000, with the 50 Ohm coaxial lines as the input and output ports. By building an equivalent circuit, the coupling matrix is synthesized to obtain the characteristics between the resonators. The cascaded quadruplet section with inductive cross‐coupling and the folded structure is adopted to make the volume smaller and more compact than the traditional filter. The measured results show that the standing wave ratio of the filter in the whole 500 MHz passband is less than 1.22, and the rejection at 3500 MHz and 4500 MHz reaches −70 dB.
Shrinky‐Dink millifluidics‐based continuously reconfigurable dielectric liquid‐assisted microstrip patch antenna
Authors: Smith Connor S. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractReconfigurable dielectric liquid‐assisted antennas provide a solution to the need for multifunctional antennas that can service the multiple frequency bands required for modern wireless communications. However, fabricating these reconfigurable antennas requires complex processes that lack the potential for more compact designs. In this study, a novel continuously reconfigurable dielectric liquid‐assisted microstrip patch antenna fabricated with a Shrinky‐Dink millifluidics‐based substrate is designed, fabricated, and characterized. Shrinky‐Dinks are prestretched polystyrene sheets that can have patterns cut into them before shrinking under heat to form a millifluidic channel. By filling the millifluidic channel with differing amounts of water, a microstrip patch antenna fabricated on top of the rigid polystyrene substrate can be continuously reconfigured from 4.70 to 5.16 GHz with a bandwidth of 660 MHz. The fabrication process demonstrated in this study provides a path forward to produce reconfigurable dielectric liquid‐assisted antennas with smaller footprints, as well as other reconfigurable radiofrequency and electronic devices and components.
Miniaturized circular microstrip antenna designed with quasiperiodic sector metamaterials
Authors: Lu Hao , Dai Guoxiang , Xu Xiaofei , Deng Xiao 
Published: May 2022

AbstractMiniaturized circular microstrip antennas (CMSAs) are designed by loading new quasiperiodic sector metamaterials in the substrate. The resonance performances of new antennas are numerically studied. One particular metamaterial CMSA is further experimentally demonstrated operating in the 3.5 GHz band. The practical new CMSA has a patch diameter of 20 mm fabricated on substrates with a dielectric constant of 3. The normalized diameter is hence only about 0.4λg (or 0.232λ0) which is beyond the 0.58λg limitation for a conventional CMSA. The bandwidth and antenna gain characteristics for the new antenna are also evaluated in experiments. Both are observed reasonably high for such a compact CMSA.
Surface treatment of multiwalled carbon nanotubes and the formation of the multiscale conductivity network in long carbon fiber reinforced polypropylene
Authors: Zhai Dongjie , Zhao Haibin , Gao Zhiyong , Guo Yu , Li Qing , Wang Guilong , Zhao Guoqun 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSurface treatment on multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) by covalent H2O2 and non‐covalent Triton X‐100 for the dispersion of carbon nanotubes in long carbon fiber reinforced polypropylene matrix was proposed to fabricate the electrically conductive long fiber reinforced polypropylene composites by melt mixing. Their mechanical, thermal, rheological properties, as while as their morphology and electrical conductivity, were systematically investigated. The combination of micro‐scale long carbon fibers and nano‐scale carbon nanotubes are co‐existed in the polypropylene matrix. A multiscale conductive network is formed which great favor of the electrical conductivity of the composites. The results showed that the volume and surface resistivity of the sample with 4 wt.% MWCNTs addition is only 26.97 kΩ cm‑1 and 4.82 kΩ, respectively. The surface treatment showed positive effects on the mechanical, thermal, dynamic mechanical, and rheological properties. Compared to Triton X‐100, covalent H2O2 treated MWCNTs exhibited more significant improvement on the structure and properties of the long carbon fiber reinforced polypropylene.
Creative adolescent experiences of education and mental health during COVID‐19: A qualitative study
Authors: Zaeske Lauren M. , Harris Taylor P. , Williams Amanda , Scheibel Gretchen , Long Haiying , Kerr Barbara A. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis qualitative study investigated creative adolescent perceptions of their educational and mental health experiences during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic. Participants were 25 English‐speaking adolescents from the Midwest in the United States. They were identified as creative by their teachers according to known creative profiles. Participants attended an all‐day creative career workshop in the Spring 2021 semester. The five focus groups guided by semi‐structured interviews conducted for this study occurred during the workshop. This study was phenomenological in nature with constructivist and transformative paradigms, and transcripts were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis by the first, second, and third authors. Creative adolescents' education during the pandemic was marked by classroom changes based on COVID‐19 policies, experiences of disconnection, disengagement, and disappointment, as well as feelings of empathy and appreciation for their educators. Creative adolescents experienced mental health challenges related to adjustment issues, powerlessness and hopelessness, and isolation. Implications of results are discussed.