bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Prophylactic Dose of Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole on Serum Creatinine in Japanese Patients With Connective Tissue Diseases
Authors: Kawato Rui , Rokutanda Ryo , Okada Masato , Matsushita Masakazu , Yamaji Ken , Tamura Naoto 
Published: March 2022

Objectives: At normal doses of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX), trimethoprim inhibits tubular creatinine secretion, leading to a rapid but reversible increase in serum creatinine (SCr). Although patients with connective tissue diseases are often in the state of immunosuppression and TMP/SMX is an important prophylactic drug, clinicians often have to stop or reduce the dosage due to concerns regarding its effect on renal function. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of a prophylactic dose of TMP/SMX on SCr in Japanese patients with connective tissue diseases, the extent of SCr level elevation and the independent risk factors for creatinine elevation. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was undertaken. Participants included patients with connective tissue diseases who were treated with a prophylactic dose of TMP/SMX between 2004 and 2018. Using single and multiple regression analyses, the risk factors that affected SCr elevation were evaluated. Results: A total of 262 patients, females, n = 181; age, median (range) = 59 (19-89) years, were included. The median baseline SCr level before treatment was 0.62 (0.16-2.1) mg/dL. The median SCr elevation value was 0.07 (−0.54 to 0.84) mg/dL in 4 weeks after TMP/SMX initiation. Five (2%) participants had ⩾0.3 mg/dL SCr elevation. Multiple regression analyses, including age, baseline SCr, diuretic use, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use and diabetes mellitus, indicated that baseline SCr and advanced age were independent risk factors of SCr elevation. Conclusions: These results demonstrated that baseline SCr and advanced age were associated with SCr elevation by a prophylactic dose of TMP/SMX. However, a prophylactic dose of TMP/SMX rarely elevated the SCr level significantly. Therefore, other causes can be considered if patients show an SCr elevation ⩾0.3 mg/dL.
Exploring the Process of Transformative Learning in Executive Coaching
Authors: Mbokota Dr Gloria , Myres Prof Kerrin , Stout-Rostron Dr Sunny 
Published: March 2022

ProblemThe important role played by executive coaching in the development of leaders is well established in the literature. While some scholars suggest that executive coaching fosters transformative learning (TL), there is insufficient empirical evidence to support this.SolutionThis study set out to investigate the process of TL in executive coaching from the coachee’s perspective. A longitudinal multiple case study was adopted to examine how three key transformative learning elements—disorienting dilemma, critical reflection, and rational dialogue—occurred in an executive coaching engagement and the learning outcomes that emerged. A key finding was that, in addition to the three accepted elements, there is a fourth element (acceptance) that precedes the rational dialogue. The results of this study informed the development of a transformative learning model, which could guide future research, theory, and practice in the field of human resource development (HRD).StakeholdersThe study will benefit scholars and practitioners in the fields of human resource development, executive coaching and leadership development.
Cesarean section rate and outcomes during and before the first wave of COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Eleje George Uchenna , Ugwu Emmanuel Onyebuchi , Enebe Joseph Tochukwu , Okoro Chukwuemeka Chukwubuikem , Okpala Boniface Chukwuneme , Ezeora Nnanyelugo Chima , Iloghalu Emeka Ifeanyi , Anikwe Chidebe Christian , Okafor Chigozie Geoffrey , Agu Polycarp Uchenna , Igbodike Emeka Philip , Ake Iffiyeosuo Dennis , Ekwuazi Kingsley Emeka , Onwuegbuna Arinze Anthony , Umeononihu Osita Samuel , Anaedu Onyedika Promise , Ikwuka David Chibuike , Nwaolisa Henry Ifeanyi , Njoku Chukwuemeka Chidindu , Nwankwo Chidinma Patricia , Emeka Ekene Agatha , Eleje Lydia Ijeoma , Adinnu Kenechi Miracle , Okoye Chinelo Onuegbuna , Ugwu Angela Ogechukwu , Nwachukwu Ethel Oluchukwu , Mba Sunday Gabriel , Ezenkwele Eziamaka Pauline , Okoye Uchenna Elizabeth , Ofiaeli Chika Ifeoma , Ikpeze Golibe Christian , Onah Livinus Nnanyere , Ikpeze Odigonma Zinobia , Ejikeme Toochukwu Benjamin , Udigwe Gerald Okanandu , Ikechebelu Joseph Ifeanyichukwu 
Published: March 2022

Objectives: The objective of the study was to assess how the current COVID-19 pandemic has affected cesarean section (C-section) rates, indications, and peripartum outcomes. Methods: This was a retrospective cross-sectional study that compared a 3-month rates of and indications for C-sections at three tertiary health care institutions in Nigeria before (October 2019–December 2019) and during the first wave of COVID-19 pandemic (March 2020–May 2020). Primary outcomes were C-section rate and indications between the two periods. Data were analyzed using SPSS 26.0 IBM Corporation. Rates and odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals were used to quantify indications and peripartum outcomes and statistical significance was accepted when p value was <0.05. Results: The baseline characteristics of the two groups were similar. The C-section rate during the COVID-19 period was significantly less than the period prior to the pandemic (237/580, 40.0% vs 390/833, 46.8%; p = 0.027). The rates of postdatism (odds ratio = 1.47, 95% confidence interval = 1.05–2.05, p = 0.022), fetal distress (odds ratio = 3.06, 95% confidence interval = 1.55–6.06, p = 0.017), emergency C-section (odds ratio = 1.43, 95% confidence interval = 1.01–2.05, p = 0.042), and anemia (odds ratio = 1.84, 95% confidence interval = 1.12–3.03, p = 0.016) were significantly higher during the pandemic than prepandemic. Conclusion: The overall C-section rate during the first wave of COVID-19 was significantly lower than the prepandemic period. There were higher rates of postdatism, fetal distress, emergency C-section, and postpartum anemia. Further studies on this changing C-section trend during the pandemic are needed.
Wild-type Caenorhabditis elegans isolates exhibit distinct gene expression profiles in response to microbial infection
Authors: Lansdon Patrick , Carlson Maci , Ackley Brian D. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe soil-dwelling nematode Caenorhabditis elegans serves as a model system to study innate immunity against microbial pathogens. C. elegans have been collected from around the world, where they, presumably, adapted to regional microbial ecologies. Here we use survival assays and RNA-sequencing to better understand how two isolates from disparate climates respond to pathogenic bacteria. We found that, relative to N2 (originally isolated in Bristol, UK), CB4856 (isolated in Hawaii), was more susceptible to the Gram-positive microbe, Staphylococcus epidermidis, but equally susceptible to Staphylococcus aureus as well as two Gram-negative microbes, Providencia rettgeri and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. We performed transcriptome analysis of infected worms and found gene-expression profiles were considerably different in an isolate-specific and microbe-specific manner. We performed GO term analysis to categorize differential gene expression in response to S. epidermidis. In N2, genes that encoded detoxification enzymes and extracellular matrix proteins were significantly enriched, while in CB4856, genes that encoded detoxification enzymes, C-type lectins, and lipid metabolism proteins were enriched, suggesting they have different responses to S. epidermidis, despite being the same species. Overall, discerning gene expression signatures in an isolate by pathogen manner can help us to understand the different possibilities for the evolution of immune responses within organisms.
Comparative transcriptome analysis of heat stress responses of Clematis lanuginosa and Clematis crassifolia
Authors: Qian Renjuan , Hu Qingdi , Ma Xiaohua , Zhang Xule , Ye Youju , Liu Hongjian , Gao Handong , Zheng Jian 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundClematisspecies are attractive ornamental plants with a variety of flower colors and patterns. Heat stress is one of the main factors restricting the growth, development, and ornamental value ofClematis.Clematis lanuginosaandClematis crassifoliaare large-flowered and evergreenClematisspecies, respectively, that show different tolerance to heat stress. We compared and analyzed the transcriptome ofC. lanuginoseandC. crassifoliaunder heat stress to determine the regulatory mechanism(s) of resistance.ResultsA total of 1720 and 6178 differentially expressed genes were identified fromC. lanuginoseandC. crassifolia, respectively. The photosynthesis and oxidation–reduction processes ofC. crassifoliawere more sensitive thanC. lanuginoseunder heat stress. Glycine/serine/threonine metabolism, glyoxylic metabolism, and thiamine metabolism were important pathways in response to heat stress inC. lanuginose, and flavonoid biosynthesis, phenylalanine metabolism, and arginine/proline metabolism were the key pathways inC. crassifolia. SixsHSPs (c176964_g1, c200771_g1, c204924_g1, c199407_g2, c201522_g2, c192936_g1),POD1(c200317_g1),POD3(c210145_g2),DREB2(c182557_g1), andHSFA2(c206233_g2) may be key genes in the response to heat stress inC. lanuginoseandC. crassifolia.ConclusionsWe compared important metabolic pathways and differentially expressed genes in response to heat stress betweenC. lanuginoseandC. crassifolia. The results increase our understanding of the response mechanism and candidate genes ofClematisunder heat stress. These data may contribute to the development of newClematisvarieties with greater heat tolerance.
Bacteriological analysis based on disease severity and clinical characteristics in patients with deep neck space abscess
Authors: Gao Wenxiang , Lin Yu , Yue Huijun , Chen Weixiong , Liu Tianrun , Ye Jin , Cai Qian , Ye Fei , He Long , Xie Xingqiang , Xiong Guoping , Wu Jianhui , Wang Bin , Wen Weiping , Lei Wenbin 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Deep neck space abscess (DNSA) is a serious infection in the head and neck. Antibiotic therapy is an important treatment in patients with DNSA. However, the results of bacterial culture need at least 48 h, and the positive rate is only 30–50%, indicating that the use of empiric antibiotic treatment for most patients with DNSA should at least 48 h or even throughout the whole course of treatment. Thus, how to use empiric antibiotics has always been a problem for clinicians. This study analyzed the distribution of bacteria based on disease severity and clinical characteristics of DNSA patients, and provides bacteriological guidance for the empiric use of antibiotics.

Methods
We analyzed 433 patients with DNSA who were diagnosed and treated at nine medical centers in Guangdong Province between January 1, 2015, and December 31, 2020. A nomogram for disease severity (mild/severe) was constructed using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator–logistic regression analysis. Clinical characteristics for the Gram reaction of the strain were identified using multivariate analyses.

Results
92 (21.2%) patients developed life-threatening complications. The nomogram for disease severity comprised of seven predictors. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curves of the nomogram in the training and validation cohorts were 0.951 and 0.931, respectively. In the mild cases, 43.2% (101/234) had positive culture results (49% for Gram-positive and 51% for Gram-negative strains). The positive rate of cultures in the patients with severe disease was 63% (58/92, 37.9% for Gram-positive, and 62.1% for Gram-negative strains). Diabetes mellitus was an independent predictor of Gram-negative strains in the mild disease group, whereas gas formation and trismus were independent predictors of Gram-positive strains in the severe disease group. The positivity rate of multidrug-resistant strains was higher in the severe disease group (12.1%) than in the mild disease group (1.0%) (P < 0.001). Metagenomic sequencing was helpful for the bacteriological diagnosis of DNSA by identifying anaerobic strains (83.3%).

Conclusion
We established a DNSA clinical severity prediction model and found some predictors for the type of Gram-staining strains in different disease severity cases. These results can help clinicians in effectively choosing an empiric antibiotic treatment.
Long-term follow-up of patients after acute kidney injury in the neonatal period: abnormal ambulatory blood pressure findings
Authors: Akkoc Gulsen , Duzova Ali , Korkmaz Ayse , Oguz Berna , Yigit Sule , Yurdakok Murat 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Data on the long-term effects of neonatal acute kidney injury (AKI) are limited.

Methods
We invited 302 children who had neonatal AKI and survived to hospital discharge; out of 95 patients who agreed to participate in the study, 23 cases were excluded due to primary kidney, cardiac, or metabolic diseases. KDIGO definition was used to define AKI. When a newborn had no previous serum creatinine, AKI was defined as serum creatinine above the mean plus two standard deviations (SD) (or above 97.5th percentile) according to gestational age, weight, and postnatal age. Clinical and laboratory features in the neonatal AKI period were recorded for 72 cases; at long-term evaluation (2–12 years), kidney function tests with glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) by the Schwartz formula, microalbuminuria, office and 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM), and kidney ultrasonography were performed.

Results
Forty-two patients (58%) had stage I AKI during the neonatal period. Mean age at long-term evaluation was 6.8 ± 2.9 years (range: 2.3–12.0); mean eGFR was 152.3 ± 26.5 ml/min/1.73 m2. Office hypertension (systolic and/or diastolic BP ≥ 95th percentile), microalbuminuria (> 30 mg/g creatinine), and hyperfiltration (> 187 ml/min/1.73 m2) were present in 13.0%, 12.7%, and 9.7% of patients, respectively. ABPM was performed on 27 patients, 18.5% had hypertension, and 40.7% were non-dippers; 48.1% had abnormal findings. Female sex was associated with microalbuminuria; low birth weight (< 1,500 g) and low gestational age (< 32 weeks) were associated with hypertension by ABPM. Twenty-three patients (33.8%) had at least one sign of microalbuminuria, office hypertension, or hyperfiltration. Among 27 patients who had ABPM, 16 (59.3%) had at least one sign of microalbuminuria, abnormal ABPM (hypertension and/or non-dipping), or hyperfiltration.

Conclusion
Even children who experienced stage 1 and 2 neonatal AKI are at risk for subclinical kidney dysfunction. Non-dipping is seen in four out of 10 children. Long-term follow-up of these patients is necessary.
Percent error of ultrasound examination to estimate fetal weight at term in different categories of birth weight with focus on maternal diabetes and obesity
Authors: Dittkrist Luisa , Vetterlein Julia , Henrich Wolfgang , Ramsauer Babett , Schlembach Dietmar , Abou-Dakn Michael , Gembruch Ulrich , Schild Ralf L. , Duewal Antonia , Schaefer-Graf Ute M. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Sonography based estimate of fetal weight is a considerable issue for delivery planning. The study evaluated the influence of diabetes, obesity, excess weight gain, fetal and neonatal anthropometrics on accuracy of estimated fetal weight with respect to the extent of the percent error of estimated fetal weight to birth weight for different categories.

Methods
Multicenter retrospective analysis from 11,049 term deliveries and fetal ultrasound biometry performed within 14 days to delivery. Estimated fetal weight was calculated by Hadlock IV. Percent error from birth weight was determined for categories in 250 g increments between 2500 g and 4500 g. Estimated fetal weight accuracy was categorized as accurate ≤ 10% of birth weight, under- and overestimated by >  ± 10% – ± 20% and > 20%.

Results
Diabetes was diagnosed in 12.5%, obesity in 12.6% and weight gain exceeding IOM recommendation in 49.1% of the women. The percentage of accurate estimated fetal weight was not significantly different in the presence of maternal diabetes (70.0% vs. 71.8%, p = 0.17), obesity (69.6% vs. 71.9%, p = 0.08) or excess weight gain (71.2% vs. 72%, p = 0.352) but of preexisting diabetes (61.1% vs. 71.7%; p = 0.007) that was associated with the highest macrosomia rate (26.9%). Mean percent error of estimated fetal weight from birth weight was 2.39% ± 9.13%. The extent of percent error varied with birth weight with the lowest numbers for 3000 g–3249 g and increasing with the extent of birth weight variation: 5% ± 11% overestimation in the lowest and 12% ± 8% underestimation in the highest ranges.

Conclusion
Diabetes, obesity and excess weight gain are not necessarily confounders of estimated fetal weight accuracy. Percent error of estimated fetal weight is closely related to birth weight with clinically relevant over- and underestimation at both extremes. This work provides detailed data regarding the extent of percent error for different birth weight categories and may therefore improve delivery planning.
Circ_0058063 contributes to cisplatin-resistance of bladder cancer cells by upregulating B2M through acting as RNA sponges for miR-335-5p
Authors: Sun Ming , Liu Xuefeng , Zhao Wenyan , Zhang Bin , Deng Peng 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBladder cancer (BC) is one of the most common malignant tumors of the urinary system, and cisplatin (CDDP) is a critical chemical drug for the treatment of BC. However, CDDP-resistance seriously limits the therapeutic efficacy of this drug for clinical utilization. Thus, identification of pivotal molecule targets that regulate CDDP-resistance in BC become urgent and necessary. In this study, we firstly identified a novel BC-associated circular RNA circ_0058063 that participates in the regulation of CDDP-resistance in BC. Specifically, circ_0058063 was significantly overexpressed in CDDP-resistant tissue and cells, in contrast with the corresponding CDDP-sensitive counterparts. Further loss-of-function experiments validated that downregulation of circ_0058063 suppressed cell proliferation and tumor growth, whereas induced cell apoptosis in the CDDP-resistant BC cells in vitro and in vivo. In addition, we disclosed that circ_0058063 acts as a sponge for miR-335-5p to positively regulate B2M expression, and further rescuing experiments verified that the enhancing effects of sh-circ_0058063 on CDDP-sensitivity in the CDDP-resistant BC cells were abrogated by silencing miR-335-5p. Taken together, our results demonstrated that circ_0058063 contributed to CDDP resistance of bladder cancer cells via sponging miR-335-5p, and B2M might be the downstream effector gene. This study firstly evidenced that targeting circ_0058063 might be an effective strategy to improve CDDP-sensitivity in BC.
Keeping essential reproductive, maternal and child health services available during COVID-19 in Kenya, Mozambique, Uganda and Zimbabwe: analysis of early-pandemic policy guidelines
Authors: Plotkin Marya K. , Williams Katie M. , Mbinda Absolom , Oficiano Vivaldo Nunes , Nyauchi Benard , Walugembe Patrick , Keyes Emily , Rawlins Barbara , McCarraher Donna , Chabikuli Otto N. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the provision of essential reproductive, maternal, newborn, and child health (RMNCH) services in sub-Saharan Africa to varying degrees. Original models estimated as many as 1,157,000 additional child and 56,700 maternal deaths globally due to health service interruptions. To reduce potential impacts to populations related to RMNCH service delivery, national governments in Kenya, Mozambique, Uganda, and Zimbabwe swiftly issued policy guidelines related to essential RMNCH services during COVID-19. The World Health Organization (WHO) issued recommendations to guide countries in preserving essential health services by June of 2020.

Methods
We reviewed and extracted content related to family planning (FP), antenatal care (ANC), intrapartum and postpartum care and immunization in national policies from Kenya, Uganda, Mozambique, and Zimbabwe from March 2020 to February 2021, related to continuation of essential RMNCH services during the COVID-19 pandemic. Using a standardized tool, two to three analysts independently extracted content, and in-country experts reviewed outputs to verify observations. Findings were entered into NVivo software and categorized using pre-defined themes and codes. The content of each national policy guideline was compared to WHO guidance related to RMNCH essential services during COVID-19.

Results
All four country policy guidelines considered ANC, intrapartum care, FP, and immunization to be essential services and issued policy guidance for continuation of these services. Guidelines were issued in April 2020 by Mozambique, Kenya, and Uganda, and in June 2020 by Zimbabwe. Many elements of WHO’s 2020 recommendations were included in country policies, with some notable exceptions. Each policy guideline was more detailed in some aspects than others — for example, Kenya’s guidelines were particularly detailed regarding FP service provision, while Uganda’s guidelines were explicit about immediate breastfeeding. All policy guidance documents contained a balance of measures to preserve essential RMNCH services while reducing COVID-19 transmission risk within these services.

Conclusions
The national policy guidelines to preserve essential RMNCH services in these four countries reflected WHO recommendations, with some notable exceptions for ANC and birth companionship. Ongoing revision of country policy guidelines to adapt to changing pandemic conditions is recommended, as is further analysis of subnational-level policies.