bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exome sequencing in a child with neurodevelopmental disorder and epilepsy: Variant analysis of the AHNAK2 gene
Authors: Vinci Mirella , Kursula Petri , Greco Donatella , Elia Maurizio , Vetri Luigi , Schepis Carmelo , Chiavetta Valeria , Donadio Serena , Roccella Michele , Carotenuto Marco , Romano Valentino , Calì Francesco 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe AHNAK2 gene encodes a large nucleoprotein expressed in several tissues, including brain, squamous epithelia, smooth muscle, and neuropil. Its role in calcium signaling has been suggested and to date, clear evidence about its involvement in the pathogenesis of clinical disorders is still lacking.MethodsHere, we report a female 24‐year‐old patient diagnosed with a cardio‐facio‐cutaneous‐like phenotype (CFC‐like), characterized by epilepsy, psychomotor development delay, atopic dermatitis, congenital heart disease, hypotonia, and facial dysmorphism, who is compound heterozygote for two missense mutations in the AHNAK2 gene detected by exome sequencing.ResultsThis patient had no detectable variant in any of the genes known to be associated with the cardio‐facio‐cutaneous syndrome. Moreover, the mode of inheritance does not appear to be autosomal dominant, as it is in typical CFC syndrome. We have performed in silico assessment of mutation severity separately for each missense mutation, but this analysis excludes a severe effect on protein function. Protein structure predictions indicate the mutations are located in flexible regions possibly involved in molecular interactions.ConclusionWe discuss an alternative interpretation on the potential involvement of the two missense mutations in the AHNAK2 gene on the expression of CFC‐like phenotype in this patient based on inter‐allelic complementation.
Stomatal clustering in Begonia improves water use efficiency by modulating stomatal movement and leaf structure
Authors: Tsai Meng‐Ying , Kuan Chi , Guo Zheng‐Lin , Yang Hsun‐An , Chung Kuo‐Fang , Ho Chin‐Min Kimmy 
Published: July 2022

AbstractStomata are a pivotal adaptation of land plants and control gas exchange. While most plants present solitary stomata, some plant species experiencing chronic water deficiency display clustered stomata on their epidermis; for instance, limestone‐grown begonias. Moreover, the membrane receptor TOO MANY MOUTHS (TMM) plays a major role in spacing stomata on the epidermis in Arabidopsis, but the function of its Begonia orthologs is unknown. We used two Asian begonias, Begonia formosana (single stomata) and B. hernandioides (clustered stomata), to explore the physiological function of stomatal clustering. We also introduced the Begonia TMMs into Arabidopsis tmm mutants to study the function of Begonia TMMs. B. hernandioides showed higher water use efficiency under high light intensity, smaller stomata, and faster pore opening than B. formosana. The short distance between stomata in a cluster may facilitate cell‐to‐cell interactions to achieve synchronicity in stomatal movement. Begonia TMMs function similarly to Arabidopsis TMM to inhibit stomatal formation, although complementation by TMM from the clustered species was only partial. Stomatal clustering in begonias may represent a developmental strategy to build small and closer stomata to achieve fast responses to light which provides tight support between stomatal development and environmental adaption.
Impact of therapeutic plasma exchange on meropenem pharmacokinetics
Authors: Jaruratanasirikul Sutep , Neamrat Phangard , Jullangkoon Monchana , Samaeng Maseetoh 
Published: July 2022

AbstractStudy ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to investigate the impact of therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) on the plasma concentrations and pharmacokinetic (PK) patterns of meropenem.DesignProspective, open‐label, PK study.SettingAcademic tertiary care medical center.PatientsEleven patients who underwent TPE.MeasurementsA single‐center PK study was conducted on adult patients who underwent TPE. All patients received two phases of meropenem administration for research purposes. Meropenem PK studies were carried out after the administration of a single dose of 1 g of meropenem in the patients during TPE (phase 1) and compared with meropenem 1 g administration in the same patients without TPE (phase 2), which served as the control phase with an at least 72‐h wash‐out period separating the phases.Main ResultsThe total clearance (CL) of meropenem during TPE was greater than the values obtained from the same patients without TPE (13.37 ± 6.23 L/h during TPE vs. 8.42 ± 2.84 L/h without TPE). The mean drug fraction eliminated during TPE was 14.22 ± 11.03%, and the mean amount of drug removed by the TPE was 142.23 ± 110.31 mg.ConclusionsThese results indicate that the TPE had an impact on the elimination of meropenem in patients during the exchange procedure. The CL of meropenem during TPE was greater than the values obtained from the control phase without TPE.
A rapid response for burnout among inpatient physiatrists: A survey of leaders of inpatient rehabilitation facilities
Authors: Farr Ellen , Lee Sujin , Maltser Susan , Verduzco‐Gutierrez Monica , Shapiro Lauren T. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundSymptoms of burnout are highly prevalent among physiatrists, and prior studies have helped identify key contributors to this epidemic of burnout. Little is known about the physician stressors unique to those providing care in inpatient rehabilitation facilities (IRFs) and what strategies such facilities have used to help mitigate burnout among inpatient physiatrists.ObjectiveTo identify what IRF leaders perceive as stress points contributing to burnout among inpatient rehabilitation physicians and what, if any, interventions their programs have implemented to help mitigate physician burnout.Design10 item cross‐sectional survey study of IRF physician and nonphysician leaders in the United States.Participants104 physicians serving in the roles of IRF medical director, director of rehabilitation, and/or executive leadership and 19 nonphysician IRF leaders.ResultsRegulatory demands, late admissions, understaffing, and on‐call responsibilities were the major stress points most identified as contributing to physician burnout among both the physician and nonphysician respondents. The use of advanced practice providers and hospitalists were the most common system changes reportedly used to help mitigate physician burnout. Although 57.8% of physician leaders felt late admissions were a major stress point for physicians, only 18.2% of those responding reported having implemented admission cutoff times.ConclusionsThere are stressors unique to the practice of inpatient rehabilitation that are likely contributing to physiatrist burnout, including late admissions and on‐call responsibilities. Many IRFs have begun to implement system changes to help mitigate burnout among inpatient physiatrists. The use of nonphysiatrist providers is a commonly reported strategy. Future studies are needed to determine the effectiveness of such a strategy on reducing symptoms of burnout among IRF physicians as well as its effect on IRF patient outcomes.
Self‐healing efficiency of natural rubber vulcanizates depending on crosslinking density
Authors: Lu Muchen , Song Yihu , Zheng Qiang , Wang Wanjie 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCopper chloride (CuCl2) is used in sulfur‐cured natural rubber (NR) to regulate disulfide exchange reaction in self‐healing process while factors influencing the healing capability remain unclear. Herein CuCl2 and other additives including zinc oxide and sulfur are used to mediate self‐healing efficiency of NR vulcanizates. For revealing the role of proteins and phospholipids in NR, the mediated self‐healing capability is compared with sulfur‐cured isoprene rubber (IR) vulcanizates. The results reveal that CuCl2 interferes rheological responses and vulcanization dynamics in both rubbers, and it causes intermolecular disassociation in NR gums. As self‐healing capability is closely related to crosslinking density, formulation is adjusted to balance healing efficiency and tensile strength. Healing efficiency of around 70% and the highest tensile strength of about 6 MPa are achieved at crosslinking density about 70 mol/m3 when vulcanizates are healed at 140°C for 30 min.
Characteristics of liquid‐phase continuous arc discharge plasma
Authors: Wang Quanli , Xin Yanbin , Sun Bing 
Published: July 2022

AbstractLiquid‐phase discharge has the advantages of high plasma density, simultaneous generation of multiple physical and chemical effects, and high gas‐liquid mass transfer efficiency. However, the large‐capacity treatment of liquid by plasma has always been a research difficulty. In this study, liquid‐phase continuous arc (LCA) discharge plasma is realized for the first time, which can quickly propagate for a long distance in liquid. To better understand this new type of liquid‐phase discharge, the time‐space characteristics, electrical characteristics, optical characteristics and particle characteristics of the LCA discharge plasma are diagnosed. The results show that the LCA discharge plasma can achieve a rapid propagation over 1 m in the liquid, and the propagation time is on the order of milliseconds. Meanwhile, the discharge can directly generate a variety of active species (·OH, ·O, ·H, H2O2) in the liquid, which can be continuously produced as the plasma moves. The LCA discharge plasma has good application prospects in water treatment, energy conversion, and so on.
Racial differences in circulating mitochondria‐derived peptides may contribute to prostate cancer health disparities
Authors: Ramirez‐Torres Adela , Reagan Allison L. , Howard Lauren E. , Wiggins Emily , Vidal Adriana C. , Wan Junxiang , Miller Brendan , Freedland Stephen J. , Cohen Pinchas 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIntroductionThe mitochondrial genome has small open reading frames (sORF) which produce measurable mitochondrial‐derived peptides (MDPs), including humanin, SHLP2, and MOTS‐c. Previously, among men undergoing prostate biopsy, we found higher serum SHLP2 was linked with lower prostate cancer (PC) risk in European American men (EAM), while null associations were found in African American men (AAM). Here, in different patients undergoing prostate biopsy, we tested the link between SHLP2, humanin and MOTS‐c and PC risk by race.MethodsPlasma SHLP2, humanin, and MOTS‐c were measured in 198 men (50/49 EAM/AAM cases; 50/49 EAM/AAM controls) undergoing biopsy. Logistic and multinomial regression models tested associations between each MDP and PC diagnosis, low‐grade (grade group, GG1) and high‐grade (GG2‐5). Models were adjusted for age, body mass index, digital rectal examination, and prostate specific antigen (PSA). We tested interactions between MDPs and race.ResultsAmong controls, humanin was similar by race (p = 0.60), but both SHLP2 (p = 0.007) and MOTS‐c (p = 0.026) were lower in AAM controls versus EAM controls. Among EAM, higher MDP values were associated with lower PC risk (all p ≤ 0.001), with null associations in AAM (all p‐interactions ≤ 0.01). Similarly, higher MDP expression was associated with decreased risk of low‐ and high‐grade PC in EAM (all p ≤ 0.005) with null associations in AAM.ConclusionsHigher MDP levels were associated with lower PC risk in EAM but not AAM. Generally, AAM controls had lower MDP levels. These data support MDPs and mitochondrial dysfunction in PC, suggesting greater dysfunction in AAM may contribute to excess PC risk. Future larger studies are needed to confirm these results.
Only the best is good enough: Managing the risks of glass in hazardous service
Authors: Ashley Nick , Sapkota Bibek , Torres James E. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWhen the consequences of failure are catastrophic, only the best is good enough. Sight glasses, flow glasses, and level glasses are used throughout the process industry to provide operator visibility into process equipment and operating conditions. They have great benefits for many operations, including observing reaction progress, phase separations, level, and more. However, the installation and utilization of glass also results in several Process Safety challenges. While the inherently safer solution is to eliminate glass components, this may not always be practical, particularly in Specialty Chemical manufacturing. If not properly specified, installed, and maintained, glass components can be the weak link in the process equipment or piping system, with failure of the glass resulting in loss of containment of hazardous materials, fire, explosion, chemical exposure, or personnel injuries. Numerous events throughout the chemical process industries have demonstrated the consequences of failure of glass components, with many serious injuries and fatalities. Clearly, there is a strong need for proper management of glass in hazardous chemical services. This paper will present the best practical engineering controls and mitigative protection layers, supported by robust management systems, which have been shown to be effective at operating facilities in managing the risks of glass in hazardous services.
Free‐will arbitrary time consensus protocols with diffusive coupling
Authors: Tran Quoc Van , Trinh Minh Hoang , Nguyen Nam Hoai , Ahn Hyo‐Sung 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn this article, free‐will arbitrary time consensus protocols are proposed for multi‐agent systems with single‐ and double‐ (possibly higher‐order) integrator dynamics, respectively, and with (possibly switching) connected interaction graphs and bounded matched disturbances. Under the proposed consensus laws, an average consensus is achieved in a free‐will arbitrary prespecified time regardless of the initial conditions or any other design parameters. Further, the proposed consensus laws for the case with no disturbances are smooth, and they are distributed in the sense that information is only communicated locally between neighboring agents. Finally, simulation results are also provided to illustrate the theoretical results and, an application to arbitrary prespecified time formation control of mobile agents is also presented.
Erythrocyte Membrane‐Coated Invisible Acoustic‐Sensitive Nanoparticle for Inducing Tumor Thrombotic Infarction by Precisely Damaging Tumor Vascular Endothelium
Authors: Xie Huichao , Li Wan , Liu Hui , Chen Yongfeng , Ma Mengrui , Wang Yichen , Luo Yucen , Song Di , Hou Qianqian , Lu Wenwen , Bai Yu , Li Bao , Ma Jizhuang , Huang Chi , Yang Tianzhi , Liu Zhining , Zhao Xiaoyun , Ding Pingtian 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSelective induction of tumor thrombus infarction is a promising antitumor strategy. Non‐persistent embolism due to non‐compacted thrombus and activated fibrinolytic system within the tumor large blood vessels and tumor margin recurrence are the main therapeutic bottlenecks. Herein, an erythrocyte membrane‐coated invisible acoustic‐sensitive nanoparticle (TXA+DOX/PFH/RBCM@cRGD) is described, which can induce tumor thrombus infarction by precisely damaging tumor vascular endothelium. It is revealed that TXA+DOX/PFH/RBCM@cRGD can effectively accumulate on the endothelial surface of tumor vessels with the help of the red blood cell membrane (RBCM) stealth coating and RGD cyclic peptide (cRGD), which can be delivered in a targeted manner as nanoparticle missiles. As a kind of phase‐change material, perfluorohexane (PFH) nanodroplets possess excellent acoustic responsiveness. Acoustic‐sensitive missiles can undergo an acoustic phase transition and intense cavitation with response to low‐intensity focused ultrasound (LIFU), damaging the tumor vascular endothelium, rapidly initiating the coagulation cascade, and forming thromboembolism in the tumor vessels. The drugs loaded in the inner water phase are released explosively. Tranexamic acid (TXA) inhibits the fibrinolytic system, and doxorubicin (DOX) eliminates the margin survival. In summary, a stealthy and acoustically responsive multifunctional nanoparticle delivery platform is successfully developed for inducing thrombus infarction by precisely damaging tumor vascular endothelium.
Nonsacrificial Nitrile Additive for Armoring High‐Voltage LiNi0.83Co0.07Mn0.1O2 Cathode with Reliable Electrode–Electrolyte Interface toward Durable Battery
Authors: Li Xin , Han Xinpeng , Li Gang , Du Juan , Cao Yu , Gong Haochen , Wang Huili , Zhang Yiming , Liu Shuo , Zhang Baoshan , Liu Xinying , Khangale Phathutshedzo , Hildebrandt Diane , Sun Jie , Chen Aibing 
Published: July 2022

AbstractHigh‐capacity Ni‐rich layered oxides are considered as promising cathodes for lithium‐ion batteries. However, the practical applications of LiNi0.83Co0.07Mn0.1O2 (NCM83) cathode are challenged by continuous transition metal (TM) dissolution, microcracks and mixed arrangement of nickel and lithium sites, which are usually induced by deleterious cathode–electrolyte reactions. Herein, it is reported that those side reactions are limited by a reliable cathode electrolyte interface (CEI) layer formed by implanting a nonsacrificial nitrile additive. In this modified electrolyte, 1,3,6‐Hexanetricarbonitrile (HTCN) plays a nonsacrificial role in modifying the composition, thickness, and formation mechanism of the CEI layers toward improved cycling stability. It is revealed that HTCN and 1,2‐Bis(2‐cyanoethoxy)ethane (DENE) are inclined to coordinate with the TM. HTCN can stably anchor on the NCM83 surface as a reliable CEI framework, in contrast, the prior decomposition of DENE additives will damage the CEI layer. As a result, the NCM83/graphite full cells with the LiPF6‐EC/DEC‐HTCN (BE‐HTCN) electrolyte deliver a high capacity retention of 81.42% at 1 C after 300 cycles at a cutoff voltage of 4.5 V, whereas BE and BE‐DENE electrolytes only deliver 64.01% and 60.05%. This nonsacrificial nitrile additive manipulation provides valuable guidance for developing aggressive high‐capacity Ni‐rich cathodes.
An Effective Strategy of Introducing Chirality to Achieve Multifunctionality in Rare‐Earth Double Perovskite Ferroelectrics
Authors: Hu Zhao‐Bo , Wang Chang‐Feng , Sha Tai‐Ting , Shi Chao , Ye Le , Ye Heng‐Yun , Song You , You Yu‐Meng , Zhang Yi 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe hybrid rare‐earth double perovskite (HREDP) system provides great convenience for the construction of multifunctional materials. However, suffering from the high symmetry of their intrinsic structure, HREDPs face the challenges in the realization and optimization of ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties. For the first time, after a systematic investigation of the chirality transformation principle, it is found that the introduction of chirality is an efficient strategy for the targeted construction of multifunctionality, which simultaneously increases the possibility of obtaining multiaxial ferroelectricity and ferroelasticity, and effectively realizes a large piezoelectric response. Moreover, chirality induced ferroelasticity will also achieve excellent magnetic or optical response driven by pressure‐sensitive. To verify the feasibility of the above ideas, by using rare‐earth ions (Ce3+) and suitable chiral organic cations, a new HREDP, (R‐N‐methyl‐3‐hydroxylquinuclidinium)2 RbCe(NO3)6(R1) is successfully designed, in which ferroelasticity, multiaxial ferroelectricity, satisfactory piezoelectric response, and the pressure‐driven single‐ion magnetics switch are simultaneously achieved for the first time. This work shows that the induction of chirality and the HREDP system provide an effective strategy and ideal platform for the expansion and optimization of the functions in perovskite ferroelectrics.
Recent Advances and Perspectives of Air Stable Sulfide‐Based Solid Electrolytes for All‐Solid‐State Lithium Batteries
Authors: Li Ping , Ma Zhihui , Shi Jie , Han Kun , Wan Qi , Liu Yongchang , Qu Xuanhui 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAn all‐solid‐state battery enabled by the incombustible and highly Li‐ion conductive sulfide solid‐state electrolyte, is recognized to be a strong candidate for next‐generation of lithium‐ion batteries. Intensive research efforts have been devoted to developing the well‐suited sulfide electrolytes with outstanding performances. Although several types of sulfide electrolytes have achieved superionic conductivities with excellent deformability, the air‐sensitive behaviors of them are detrimental to the large‐scale production. Considerable efforts are in progress to tackle this issue via various strategies in recent years. This review provides an overview of several classes of promising sulfide solid electrolytes. The principle and strategies for improving the resistance of these sulfide electrolytes against air are thoroughly discussed. We also point out the major challenges that all‐solid‐state batteries and different types of sulfide electrolytes face for practical applications.
Beyond inspiration: Translating zoo and aquarium experiences into conservation behavior
Authors: Routman Emily O. , Khalil Kathayoon , Wesley Schultz P. , Keith Robin M. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractConservation first appeared as a role for zoos and aquariums in the late 20th century, and over the past few decades has evolved to be central to the mission of modern, accredited zoos and aquariums (henceforth zoos). More recently, promoting proenvironmental behavior is increasingly recognized as an essential means for zoos to achieve their shared conservation mission. To support continued progress throughout the field, there is a need for greater clarity and confidence regarding successful approaches for promoting proenvironmental behavior. A growing body of research into the conservation‐related outcomes of zoo experiences, along with findings from behavioral and social sciences, provides a basis for understanding how the relationship zoos have with their audiences can translate into measurable conservation results. By shifting the balance between motivation to act and barriers to actions so that motivation is the greater force, zoos can tip the behavior balance to successfully promote action on behalf of nature and wildlife. Zoo audiences are, on average, more intrinsically motivated to take action on behalf of wildlife than the public at large. By introducing extrinsic motivators and reducing barriers, zoos can set up the circumstances that move motivated individuals to take conservation action. Even individuals who lack intrinsic motivation can be moved to action through sufficiently attractive extrinsic benefits and low barriers. In this paper we present a framework that synthesizes this study and theory on environmental behavior change and offers actionable approaches for zoo and aquarium practitioners.
Einführung: Planspiele und Ressourceneffizienz
Authors: Anstätt Kerstin , Schmidt Mario , Bertagnolli Frank 
Published: July 2022

ZusammenfassungDas Kapitel führt in das Thema Ressourceneffizienz und deren Bedeutung für die betriebliche Praxis ein. Mithilfe von Planspielen kann das Thema Ressourceneffizienz spielerisch in der betrieblichen Weiterbildung verankert werden. Die Planspielreihe RE:PLAN greift die Planspiel-Methode auf und vermittelt im Rahmen von sechs Planspielen verschiedene Methoden zur Steigerung der Energie- und Materialeffizienz im Unternehmen. Dadurch kann nicht nur ein Beitrag zur ökonomischen Effizienz in Unternehmen geleistet werden, sondern durch die Reduktion von Treibhausgasemissionen (THG-Emissionen) auch zum Klimaschutz beigetragen werden.