bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Widely-conserved transcription factors regulate symbiosis-specific NCR genes
Authors: Zhang Senlei , Wang Ting , Lima Rui , Pettkó-Szandtner Aladár , Kereszt Attila , Downie J. Allan , Kondorosi Eva 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Symbiotic nitrogen fixation by rhizobium bacteria within the cells of legume root nodules alleviates the need for nitrogen fertilizers. Nitrogen fixation requires the endosymbionts to differentiate into bacteroids and this can be reversible or terminal. The latter is controlled by the plant, is more beneficial and has evolved in a large clade of the legume family. The plant effectors of terminal differentiation are Nodule-specific Cysteine-Rich NCR peptides, which are absent in legumes such as soybean where there is no terminal differentiation of rhizobia. It was assumed that NCRs coevolved with specific transcription factors, but our work demonstrates that expression of NCR genes does not require NCR-specific transcription factors. Introduction of the Medicago truncatula NCR169 gene under its own promoter into soybean roots resulted in nodule-specific expression of NCR169, leading to bacteroid changes associated with terminal differentiation. We identified two AT-Hook Motif Nuclear Localized (AHL) transcription factors from both M. truncatula and soybean nodules that bound to AT-rich sequences in the NCR169 promoter inducing its expression. Whereas mutation of NCR169 arrested bacteroid development at a late stage, the absence of MtAHL1 or MtAHL2 completely blocked bacteroid differentiation indicating that they also regulate other NCR genes required for development of nitrogen-fixing nodules. Regulation of NCRs by orthologous transcription factors in non-IRLC legumes opens the possibility of increasing the efficiency of nitrogen fixation in legumes lacking NCRs.
Characteristics of Visual Function in Children with Cerebral Palsy and Mental Retardation in Urban Beijing
Authors: Tao Jun , Hao Rui , Guo Yatu , Zhang Wei 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
BackgroundMost children with cerebral palsy and mental retardation cannot express independently, parents or guardians usually ignored the visual impairment. To investigate the ocular development and characteristics of visual function of children with cerebral palsy and mental retardation in special schools in Beijing's Chaoyang District.MethodsA total of 160 children (320 eyes) with cerebral palsy and mental retardation, including 86 boys and 74 girls, aged between 6 and 18 years old were included in this study. Subjective far vision, objective far vision (electrophysiological sweep VEP), near stereopsis, diopter, anterior segment, and fundus were examined. Statistical analysis was performed on the data obtained from children of different age groups, genders, degrees of intellectual impairment, and different etiology.Results156 eyes (54.93%) were greater than or equal to 20/40 for subjective far vision, 259 eyes (84.09%) were greater than or equal to 20/40 for objective far vision, 214 eyes with ametropia (70.39%), 94 eyes with astigmatism (30.92%), 8 eyes with hyperopia (2.63%), 112 eyes with myopia (36.84%), and 8 children with glasses, which was a correction rate of 7.69%, 192 eyes needed glasses to correct, which is an uncorrected rate of 92.31%. 64 children had strabismus (40%), 8 children had a color weakness (5%), and 24 children had nystagmus (15%). 72 children (64.29%) had 100″and less, while 40 children (35.71%) had between 200″ and 900″in the near stereopsis test. There were no significant differences in subjective far vision, objective far vision, corrected vision, diopter, and near stereopsis acuity among various degrees of mental retardation,various pathogenys and two age groups.ConclusionThe prevalence of abnormal visual function in children with cerebral palsy and intellectual disability was significantly higher than in typically developing children. Some of children with cerebral palsy and intellectual disability may have visual pathway damage, in a condition known as central visual impairment. Severe intellectual disability caused by craniocerebral diseases had the worst visual function, which undoubtedly demands significant attention of caregivers and the entire society.Fund Program: National Natural Science Foundation of China (81800861)Key Programme: Tianjin Key Research and Development Plan Science and Technology Support (19YFZCSY00990)
Xerostomia in Dialysis Patients – Oral Care to Reduce Hyposalivation, Dental Biofilms and Gingivitis in Patients with Terminal Renal Insufficiency: A Randomized Clinical Study
Authors: Egbring Leonie C. , Lang Tomas , Kreft Burkhard , Gaengler Peter , Weich Karl W. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Objectives Dialysis patients suffer from xerostomia based on hyposalivation even in stimulated saliva testing. It was, therefore, the aim (i) to evaluate an optimized oral hygiene system with an oral care gel on oral dryness, dental plaque control and number of gingivitis teeth, (ii) to document the efficacy in a randomized controlled trial with dental indices and (iii) to record the individual oral health related quality of life.MethodsAfter ethical approval (EC-UWH 103/2019) 44 dialysis patients signed informed consent and were divided into two groups followed up for four weeks. Subjects of the verum group A were taking daily oral care gel OROFAN® based on biopolymers with mild antibacterial and saliva stimulating action. They were compared to control group B executing routine oral hygiene with conventional dentifrice and toothbrushes. Oral Health Impact Profile was documented at baseline and at end of study.ResultsTwenty two subjects were allocated to group A and to group B. At baseline there were no statistical differences concerning renal insufficiency (years on dialysis, complications), systemic diseases, dental background (caries experience, periodontal diseases, plaque index, number of gingivitis teeth). All subjects exhibited hyposalivation (< 0.7-1.0 ml/min).The control group B showed no statistical differences from baseline to end of study in dry mouth parameters, in all dental plaque and inflammation indices, and in the Oral Health Impact Profile. In contrast, verum group A exhibited highly significant (p<0.001) decrease of xerostomia frequency, of number of gingivitis teeth and of plaque index. Oral Health Impact Profile improved considerably (p<0.01).Significance of ResultsTerminally ill patients may gain better oral health and, consequently, improved quality of live by rather simple oral care including long lasting, eatable anti-inflammatory oral hygiene gel and dentist`s devotion.
Improving genetic risk prediction across diverse population by disentangling ancestry representations
Authors: Gyawali Prashnna , Guen Yann Le , Liu Xiaoxia , Tang Hua , Zou James , He Zihuai 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Risk prediction models using genetic data have seen increasing traction in genomics. However, most of the polygenic risk models were developed using data from participants with similar (mostly European) ancestry. This can lead to biases in the risk predictors resulting in poor generalization when applied to minority populations and admixed individuals such as African Americans. To address this bias, largely due to the prediction models being confounded by the underlying population structure, we propose a novel deep-learning framework that leverages data from diverse population and disentangles ancestry from the phenotype-relevant information in its representation. The ancestry disentangled representation can be used to build risk predictors that perform better across minority populations. We applied the proposed method to the analysis of Alzheimer’s disease genetics. Comparing with standard linear and nonlinear risk prediction methods, the proposed method substantially improves risk prediction in minority populations, including admixed individuals, without needing self-reported ancestry information.
Exciton-assisted low-energy magnetic excitations in a photoexcited Mott insulator on the square lattice
Authors: Tsutsui Kenji , Shinjo Kazuya , Sota Shigetoshi , Tohyama Takami 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Photoexcitation of a Mott insulator on a square lattice has weakened the intensity of both single- and two-magnon as observed in time-resolved resonant-inelastic x-ray scattering and time-resolved Raman scattering. However, the spectral change in low-energy regions below the magnons has not been clarified so far. To uncover the nature of photoinduced low-energy magnetic excitations of the Mott insulator, we numerically investigate transient magnetic dynamics in a photoexcited half-filled Hubbard model on the square lattice. After turning off a pump pulse tuned for an absorption edge, new magnetic signals clearly emerge well below magnon energy in both single- and two-magnon excitations. We find that the low-energy excitations are predominantly created via excitonic states at the absorption edge. These exciton-assisted magnetic excitations may provide a possible explanation for low-energy spectral weight in a recent time-resolved two-magnon Raman scattering experiment for insulating YBa2Cu3O6.1.
LncRNA MALAT1/calpain-1 axis in ATO/hypoxia induced hERG channel deficiency
Authors: Li Baoxin , Yan Caichuan , Li Yuexin , Li Yang , Zhang Yuhao , Guo Jiamengyi , Yu Wenting , Ren Jiacheng , Zhang Yuxin , Zhao Xin 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The KCNH2 encoded hERG potassium channel is responsible for the drugs or pathological conditions induced long QT syndrome. The density of hERG ion channels on plasma membrane is governed by various factors including epigenetic alterations like non-coding RNA. Here, we found that LncRNA MALAT1 was aberrant elevated in the HEK293-hERG cell line in the presence of ATO or under hypoxia condition. Mechanistically, MALAT1 directly binds to calpain-1and limits its the ubiquitination degradation, which leading to the enhancement of calpain-1 mediated hERG channel cleavage. Consistently, silencing of MALAT1 or calpain-1 greatly abrogated the forced protein expression of calpain-1 and the reduction of hERG channel. In addition, the enhanced expression of MALAT1 may attribute to the increased acetylation level of transcription factor foxo1. Meanwhile, tanshinoneⅡA and propranolol have a certain reversal effect on the reduction of hERG caused by ATO/hypoxia. Collectively, MALAT1 could govern the density of hERG channel, at least partially, by regulating the stability of calpain-1 enzyme, which confers a novel theoretical understanding of the disadvantage caused by cardiotoxic drugs or pathological conditions.
Validation of an iPad version of the Brief International Cognitive Assessment for Multiple Sclerosis (BICAMS)
Authors: Costabile Teresa , Signoriello Elisabetta , Lauro Francesca , Altieri Manuela , Ziello Antonio Rosario , D’Ambrosio Alessandro , Bisecco Alvino , Maniscalco Giorgia , Bonavita Simona , Gallo Antonio , Morra Vincenzo Brescia , Lus Giacomo , Saccà Francesco , Russo Cinzia Valeria 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: The Brief International Cognitive Assessment for Multiple Sclerosis (BICAMS) is the most widely used screening tool for cognitive impairment in Multiple Sclerosis (MS). However, the administration and scoring procedures of the paper version are time consuming and prone to errors. Aim of our study was to develop a tablet version of BICAMS (iBICAMS), and to assess its reliability compared to the paper version.Methods: We administered both BICAMS and iBICAMS to 139 MS patients in two different sessions. We compared scores on both versions using a paired t-test. We used a repeated measures ANOVA to test the impact of rater, order of administration and test-retest time on test-retest performances. We used the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) to assess the reliability between BICAMS and iBICAMS.Results: All three sub-tests of the BICAMS (SDMT, CVLT-II and BVMT-R) were different between the paper and the tablet versions. Order of administration influenced test-retest performances at the SDMT (p<0.001), CVLT- II (p<0.001) and BVMT-R (p<0.001). Intraclass coefficient correlation (ICC) revealed a high level of agreement between the paper BICAMS and the iPad version for all three tests: SDMT (0.92), CVLT-II (0.83) and BVMT-R (0.82).Conclusions: Results suggest that using the iBICAMS guarantees a better adherence to standardized procedures in both administration and scoring phase of tests. The high reliability between the two versions and the inherent advantages of automated scoring, favor the iBICAMS as the most appropriate method.
Assessing the influence of transect interval in monitoring and analysis of shoreline change
Authors: Warnasuriya T.W.S. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Shoreline analysis helps to understand the coastal dynamism for decision making in coastal management. As there are still doubts in transect-based analysis, this study attempts to understand the influence of transect intervals in shoreline analysis. Shorelines were delineated on high-resolution satellite images in Google Earth Pro for twelve beaches in Sri Lanka under different spatial and temporal scales. Shoreline change statistics were calculated using Digital Shoreline Analysis System in ArcGIS 10.5.1 software under 50 transect interval scenarios and influence of the transect interval for shoreline change statistics were interpreted using standard statistical methods. Transect Interval Error was calculated with respect to the 1 m scenario as this has the best beach representation. Results revealed that there is no any significant difference (p > 0.05) of shoreline change statistics between 1 m scenarios and 50 m scenario in each beach. Further, it was found that the error was extremely low up to 10 m scenario and then after it was subject to fluctuate in an unpredictable manner (R2 < 0.5). Overall, the study concludes that the influence of the transect interval is negligible and 10 m transect interval is ideal in shoreline analysis for the highest efficacy in small sandy beaches.
Human pancreatic ductal organoids with controlled polarity provide a novel ex vivo tool to study epithelial cell physiology
Authors: Varga Árpád , Madácsy Tamara , Görög Marietta , Kiss Aletta , Susánszki Petra , Szabó Viktória , Dudás Krisztina , Farkas Gyula , Szederkényi Edit , Lázár György , Farkas Attila , Ayaydin Ferhan , Pallagi Petra , Maléth József 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Epithelial ion and fluid secretion determine the physiological functions of a broad range of organs, such as lung, liver, or pancreas. The molecular mechanism of pancreatic ion secretion is challenging to investigate due to the limited access to functional human ductal epithelia. Patient derived organoids may overcome these limitations, however direct accessibility of the apical membrane is not solved. In addition, due to the vectorial transport of ions and fluid the intraluminal pressure in the organoids is elevated, which may hinder the study of physiological processes. To overcome these, we developed an advanced culturing method for human pancreatic organoids based on the removal of extracellular matrix that induced an apical-to-basal polarity switch also leading to reversed localization of proteins with polarized expression. The cells in the apical-out organoids had a cuboidal shape, whereas their resting intracellular Ca2+ concentration was more consistent compared to the cells in the apical-in organoids. Using this advanced model, we demonstrated the expression and function of two novel ion channels, the Ca2+ activated Cl− channel Anoctamin 1 (ANO1) and the epithelial Na+ channel (ENaC), which were not considered in ductal cells yet. Finally, we showed that the available functional assays, such as forskolin-induced swelling, or intracellular Cl− measurement have improved dynamic range, when performed with apical-out organoids. Taken together our data suggest that polarity-switched human pancreatic ductal organoids are suitable models to expand our toolset in basic and translational research.
Microencapsulation of rosemary Rosmarinus officinalis essential oil by Chitosan - gum Arabic and its application for the control of two secondary pests of stored cereals
Authors: Soltani Abir , Ncibi Sarra , Djebbi Tasnim , Sadraoui Insaf Ajmi , Abada Maha Ben , Chargui Hadhami , Hassine Khaoula , Laabidi Amina , Mahmoudi Hela , Majdoub Hatem , Ben-Jemâa Jouda Mediouni 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Encapsulation of Rosmarinus officinalis essential oil (EO) on chitosan and gum Arabic matrix were prepared at different ratios with various concentrations of essential oil. The capsules were characterized by their encapsulation efficacy (EE%) and loading capacity (LC%). The cumulative release profiles were evaluated by UV/Vis spectroscopy. The chemical compounds for free and encapsulated essential oil were determined by GC-MS technique and the insecticidal toxicity against Tribolium castaneum and Oryzeaphilus surrinamensis was determined by fumigant bioassays. Results showed that capsules with ratio chitosan: gum arabic: EO (1: 1: 0.5) revealed the highest EE (45.8%) and LC (2.31%). In vitro release profiles demonstrated that encapsulated essential oil showed a sustained release especially for the ratio with high EO concentration. The major constituents of the rosemary essential oil were 1,8-cineole (39.67%), Camphor (18.04%), followed by borneol (10.52%) and α-Pinene (6.33%). After encapsulation numerous minor compounds have been missing during storage periods until identifying only 1, 8-cineole, α-terpineol and camphor after 60 days of storage. The fumigant tests demonstrated that encapsulated EO exhibited an effective control against insect pest during storage periods namely 30, 45, 60 days with 99%, 66%, 46% for T. castaneum and 100%, 84%, 82% for O. surrinamensis. This work supports the hypothesis that major essential oil components were responsible for its pesticidal activities over storage. Besides, toxicities against T. castaneum and O. surinamensis adults was mainly attributed to 1, 8-cineole.
Uncertainty quantification in mechanistic epidemic models via cross-entropy approximate Bayesian computation
Authors: Cunha Americo , Barton David A W , Ritto Thiago G 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This paper proposes a data-driven machine learning framework for parameter estimation and uncertainty quantification in epidemic models based on two key ingredients: (i) prior parameters learning via the cross-entropy method and (ii) update of the model calibration and uncertainty propagation through approximate Bayesian computation. The effectiveness of the new methodology is illustrated with the aid of actual data from COVID-19 epidemic at Rio de Janeiro city in Brazil, employing an ordinary differential equation-based model with a generalized SEIR-type mechanistic structure that includes time-dependent transmission rate, asymptomatics, and hospitalizations. A minimization problem with two cost terms (number of hospitalizations and deaths) is formulated, and twelve parameters are identified. The calibrated model provides a consistent description of the available data, able to extrapolate forecasts over a few weeks, which makes the proposed methodology very appealing for use in the context of real-time epidemic modeling.
Research on Gravity Compensation System of Planetary Rover Based on Electrodynamic Suspension
Authors: Qiu Xue-song , Li Dong-sheng , Li Meng-xu , Sun Qian-yuan , Shang Kuo 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In this paper, an electrodynamic levitation gravity compensation system based on a new type of annular Halbach array permanent magnet is proposed. The magnetic levitation force model is established using the equivalent expansion method, and the reliability of the model is verified by comparing the results of numerical calculation and simulation analysis. Through magnetic field simulation experiments, the effects of rotating speed and air gap on magnetic levitation force and eddy current loss are analyzed. The control model of the electric magnetic levitation system considering the vertical speed is investigated, and the hybrid control method of force and position is used to realize the stable magnetic levitation control. Finally, an experimental platform is built to verify the feasibility of the electric magnetic levitation system. The results show that the magnetic levitation force can be improved and the eddy current loss can be reduced by setting the rotating speed and air gap reasonably.
Corticotropin-releasing factor facilitates cytokine and chemokine activation in the sarcoma-derived cell line, J774
Authors: Kim Byung-Jin , Donkor Michael , Jones Harlan P. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Neuroendocrine factors found within the tumor microenvironment are considered targets for the regulation of carcinogenesis. Corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) and its receptors have recently been identified to have agonists and antagonist effects on various human tumors, however, its role in tumor immunology is still unclear. Immunological markers such as toll-like receptors (TLRs), cytokines and chemokines expressed by tumors and the tumor microenvironment can facilitate resistance against tumor development as well as promote tumor escape mechanisms. In the current study, we investigated the impact of CRF on TLR-2 and TLR-4 expression as well as its influence on the type of tumor cell associated cytokine (IL-1β, IL-6, TGF-β, IL-10) and chemokine (CCL3, CCL4, CCL17, CCL22, CXCL1, CXCL10) expression using quantitative real-time RT-PCR techniques. Our results demonstrate that CRF can elicit an induction of TLR-2 expression corresponding with IL-1β, and IL-6 cytokine and chemokines CCL3, CCL17 and CCL22. This report extends the potential role of CRF in modulation of the tumor microenvironment through regulation of tumor-associated immunological responses and raises the potential for CRF and its receptors as immunotherapeutic targets against carcinogenesis.
Leveraging rail-based mobile storage to increase grid reliability in the face of climate uncertainty
Authors: Moraski Jill , Popovich Natalie , Phadke Amol 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Maintaining reliability is a key challenge for electric grids as they endure more frequent extreme weather and utilize larger amounts of variable renewable energy in response to the climate threat. With traditional reliability approaches becoming less viable, alternatives are being sought. We examine using the U.S. rail system as a kind of nationwide backup grid, in which containerized batteries, or rail-based mobile energy storage (RMES), are shared among regions to meet demand peaks, improve resilience, and relieve transmission congestion. Such an approach could also accelerate decarbonization of the rail sector. We find that RMES is a feasible reliability solution and quantify its cost-effectiveness relative to reliability-driven investments in stationary storage and transmission infrastructure. While no technical barriers exclude mobile storage from electricity markets, addressing interconnection and cost challenges and revising regulatory frameworks will be needed to deploy it at scale.