bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Performance and Reproducibility of 13C and 15N Hyperpolarization Using A Cryogen-Free DNP Polarizer.
Authors: Ferrari Arianna , Peters Josh , Anikeeva Mariia , Pravdivtsev Andrey , Ellermann Frowin , Them Kolja , Will Olga , Peschke Eva , Yoshihara Hikari , Jansen Olav , Hövener Jan-Bernd 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

The setup, operational procedures and performance of a cryogen-free device for producing hyperpolarized contrast agents using dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization (dDNP) in a preclinical imaging center is described. The polarization was optimized using the solid-state, DNP-enhanced NMR signal to calibrate the sample position, microwave and NMR frequency and power and flip angle. The polarization of a standard formulation to yield ~ 4 mL, 60 mM 1-13C-pyruvic acid in an aqueous solution was quantified in five experiments to 13C-P = (38 ± 6) % (19 ± 1) s after dissolution. The mono-exponential time constant of the build-up of the solid-state polarization was quantified to (1032 ± 22) s. We achieved a duty cycle of 1.5 h that includes sample loading, monitoring the polarization build-up, dissolution and preparation for the next run. After injection of the contrast agent in vivo, pyruvate, pyruvate hydrate, lactate, and alanine were observed, by measuring metabolite maps. Based on this work sequence, hyperpolarized 15N urea was obtained (15N-P = (5.6 ± 0.8) % (30 ± 3) s after dissolution).
Fresh frozen plasma transfusion is a potential predictor of mortality in patients undergoing extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
Authors: Luo Zhenglian , Qing Li , Xu Shilan , Yang Xinxin , Peng Zhuoyue , Zhang Kaijiong , Huang Chunyan 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background The patients of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) supported were usually developed bleeding complications and required substantial transfusions, but the risks and predictors of transfusion requirements during ECMO support remain uncertain. This study aims to interpret the risk factors of ECMO patients' in-hospital mortality and investigate the predictors of blood transfusion in ECMO patients.Methods 113 ECMO patients’ clinical parameters were collected in the cohorts. The logistic regression and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) binomial regression analysis were employed to identify the risk factors of ECMO patients' in-hospital mortality. Machine learning approaches were performed to confirm the variable importance. The backward stepwise multiple linear regression analyses were used to examine the predictive values of candidate importance variables. Results Eleven variables including age, coronary heart disease (CHD), multiple organ failure, bleeding complications, anemia, fresh frozen plasma (FFP) transfusion, platelet (PLT) transfusion, direct bilirubin (DBIL), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), and ECMO duration were identified could as independent predictors for patients’ mortality. Age, FFP transfusion and ECMO duration were the top three important indexes among eleven variables in the selection of feature importance, and with the risk contribution values were 1.03 (95% CI, 1.01-1.06; p = 0.014), 1.07 (95% CI, 1.01-1.14; p = 0.026) and 1.05 (95% CI, 1.00-1.09; p = 0.043), respectively. FFP transfusion over 2.5 mL/kg/d, age over 48 years old more likely dead in ECMO patients. Furthermore, APTT (R=0. 32, p<0.001), PLT counts (R=-0.40, p<0.001) and uric acid (UA) (R=0.39, p<0.001) were associated with the FFP transfusion, which could as an independent factor for predicting FFP transfusion, with the estimate values were 0.06 (95% CI, 0.02-0.11; p = 0.009), -0.03 (95% CI, -0.05--0.01; p = 0.007) and 0.01 (95% CI, 0.00-0.02; p = 0.003), respectively.Conclusion FFP transfusion was markedly associated with in-hospital mortality among patients receiving ECMO, and APTT, PLT counts and UA were the influence factors for FFP transfusion. It is suggesting that better monitoring of the above three indicators may reduce utilization of FFP, thus improving ECMO patients’ outcomes.
Robustness of Superconductivity to External Pressure in High-Entropy-Alloy-Type Metal Telluride AgInSnPbBiTe5
Authors: Mizuguchi Yoshikazu , Kasem Riad , Nakahira Yuki , Yamaoka Hitoshi , Matsumoto Ryo , Yamashita Aichi , Ishii Hirofumi , Hiraoka Nozomu , Takano Yoshihiko , Goto Yosuke 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
High-entropy-alloy (HEA) superconductors are a new class of disordered superconductors. However, commonality of superconducting characteristics of HEA materials is unclear. Here, we have investigated the crystal and electronic structure, and the robustness of superconducting states in a HEA-type metal telluride (MTe; M = Ag, In, Sn, Pb, Bi) under high pressure, and the results were compared with the pressure effects for a middle-entropy system (AgPbBiTe3) and a reference system of PbTe. When the crystal structure is CsCl-type, all phases show superconductivity under high pressure but exhibit different pressure dependences of the transition temperature (Tc). For PbTe, its Tc decreases with pressure. In contrast, the Tc of HEA-type AgInSnPbBiTe5 is almost independent of pressure, for pressures ranging from 13.0 to 35.1 GPa. Those results suggest that the robustness of superconductivity to external pressure is linked to the configurational entropy of mixing at the M site in MTe. Since the trend is quite similar to previous work on a HEA (Ti-Zr-Hf-Nb-Ta), where the robustness of superconductivity was observed up to ~ 200 GPa, we propose that the robustness of superconductivity under high pressure would be a universal feature in HEA-type superconductors.
ISSR and IRAP marker polymorphism association to its localization features in reference genomes of mammals and reptiles
Authors: Apashkin Pavel , Blokhin Ivan , Glazko Valery , Glazko Tatyana 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
A well-known problem of population genetic studies is the selection of the most polymorphic genomic elements for genotyping to obtain the high resolution "portrait" of the population genetic structures. Such elements include microsatellite loci, regions of endogenous retroviruses in genomes of various taxa. The use these primers in polymerase chain reaction can allow the highly polymorphic polyloci spectra obtaining for detection of individual and population differences between animals. At the same time, the polymorphism of such spectra is dependent on the sequence chosen as a primer. A comparative analysis of the polymorphism of amplification product spectra in different taxa such as domestic dog Canis familiaris (Linnaeus, 1758) and sand lizard Lacerta agilis (Linnaeus, 1758) and primer co-localization near transposons, G4 quadruplexes, miRNA in reference genomes was carried out. The study was carried out at the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education of the Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences named after K.A. Timiryazev in 2020-2021. Microsatellites (ACC6T, THC6C, GAG6C) and endogenous retrovirus long terminal repeats (SIRE 1, Sabrina) were used as primers for genotyping. Further their co-localization in reference genomes with nucleotide sequences associated with increased variability (G4 quadruplexes, microRNA) was evaluated. The studied species have a tendency to reduced polymorphism of genomic DNA fragments flanked by inverted microsatellite repeats and increased density of G4 quadruplexes localization in these fragments. This trend is realised in both species, despite the observed interspecific differences.
27-Hydroxycholesterol induces expression of zonula occludens-1 in monocytic cells via multiple kinases pathways
Authors: Cho Hyok-rae , Kim Bo-Young , Kim Koanhoi , Lee Dongjun , Eo Seong-Kug , Son Yonghae 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Zonula occludens (ZO)-1, a tight-junction protein (TJP), is expressed in dendritic cells (DCs) but not in monocytes, and 27-hydroxycholesterol (27OHChol) drives the differentiation of monocytes into DCs. Because the effects of 27OHChol on ZO-1 are not yet clearly defined, we investigated whether 27OHChol induces expression of the TJP. The treatment of human THP-1 monocytic cells with 27OHChol resulted in the elevated transcript levels of ZO-1 but not of ZO-2 or -3. 27OHChol increased the total amount of ZO-1 protein in the cells as well as its level on the cells surface. Cholesterol, however, did not influence expression of ZO-1. And, the expression of ZO-1 protein was mediated by endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-to-Golgi body transport system. Pharmacological kinase inhibition with LY294002 (a PI3K inhibitor), U0126 (a MEK/ERK inhibitor), or PP2 (a Src family kinase inhibitor) resulted in impaired ZO-1 expression at both transcript and protein levels. Drugs that are reported to suppress DC differentiation also inhibited 27OHChol-mediated expression and the localization of ZO-1, indicating the coincidence of ZO-1 upregulation and DC differentiation. These results suggest that ZO-1 is differentially expressed while monocytes differentiate into DCs in the presence of 27OHChol via pathways in which distinct signaling molecules are involved.
The southward movement preference of large-scale persistent extreme precipitation events over the Yangtze River Valley during Mei-yu period
Authors: Ma Jiao , Wei Ke , Chen Wen 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Among all rainfall events, heavy rainfall that affects large areas and persists for days can cause serious flooding, severe casualties, and substantial economic losses. In this study, we identify the extreme precipitation events that affect a large area and have persistence of more than three days (LPEPEs) in China during 1961-2013. Most LPEPEs prefer to occur in summer and over southern China, coinciding well with the rainy season in China. The movement of LPEPEs is dominated by the tendency to extend southward, especially for the LPEPEs during the Mei-yu period. The dynamical composite analysis shows that the southward extension is generated by the combined effect of circulation configuration and the diabatic heating caused by large-scale condensation. The mid-level latent heating is associated with a cyclonic anomaly and potential vorticity (PV) maximum. Therefore, westerly and easterly anomalies are produced to the south and north of the heating center, respectively. This kind of circulation anomaly configuration helps create a pattern with positive and negative PV tendency to the south and north of the heating center, leading to LPEPE system development to the south of the precipitation center. Therefore, the LPEPE rainband has a preference to move southward over the Yangtze River Valley during the Mei-yu period. We also test the dynamical mechanism with a numerical sensitivity experiment using the WRF model. In the experiment without latent heating feedback, the Mei-yu rainband moves northward and extends to central and North China. While in the experiment with the latent heating feedback, the rainband intensifies and extends southward. The southward extension preferences of the LPEPE can provide an internal dynamical of the stagnation of East Asian summer evolution.
Strategies of diagnosis and treatment for patients with diabetic foot ulcer during coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic
Authors: Zhang Jinying , Lin Jiayu 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) pandemic is breaking out and rapidly spread across the country, which is also a severe ordeal for medical workers, and the traditional treatment strategy of diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is also facing challenges.
Methods
We herein report four patients with diabetic foot ulcers during the COVID-19 pandemic who achieved individual diagnosis and treatment plan, made patients get timely and reasonable treatment on the premise of prevention and control. After treatment, the wound healed, and the foot function recovered.
Results
After treatment, the wound healed, and the foot function recovered.
Conclusions
According to the guidelines of relevant domestic experts, this paper recommends reasonable recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of diabetic foot ulcers, optimizing the diagnosis and treatment process, and reducing cross-infection in the hospital.
Does sex of the jockey influence racehorse physiology and performance.
Authors: Schrurs Charlotte B , -Westergren Emmanuelle van Erck , Gardner David S , Dubois Guillaume 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Studies assessing the effect of the rider’s sex on racehorse performance and physiology during training have not been reported, mostly due to the paucity of available data for female participants within the sport. Here, using a validated system (the ‘Equimetre’™) that records all parameters simultaneously, we objectively report the effect of rider’s sex on racehorse cardiovascular (heart rate, heart rate recovery) and biomechanical parameters (stride length and frequency) at various exercise intensities (slow canter to hard gallop).
Methods
530 Thoroughbreds, varying in age (2-7 years old) and sex (including geldings), from one racing yard in Australia, completed a total of 3,568 exercise sessions, monitored by a single trainer, on varying track surfaces (sand, turf, or fibre). 103 different work riders (male, n=66; female, n=37) of which n=43 were current or past registered professional jockeys, were used. Data were analysed using analysis of variation (ANOVA) or mixed-effect models, as appropriate.
Results
Sex of the rider did not influence racehorse speed (P=0.06) nor stride length (P=0.42) at any training intensity. Heart rate and peak heart rate increased with training intensity (P<.001), with no difference according to sex of rider (P=0.73). Heart rate recovery after exercise appeared influenced by rider sex, but only when the usual training intensity on each surface was reversed, suggesting an interaction between racehorse anticipation of exercise and rider sex. Male jockeys had slightly higher strike rate in races in Australia, but not the UK.
Conclusions
This study demonstrates no overt effect of rider sex on racehorse performance and physiology.
The Optimized Jugular Vein Catheterization Reinforced Self-Administration Model for Drug Addiction in Adult Male Sprague-Dawley Rats
Authors: Li Yang , Qu Liang , Li Nan , Wang Xin , Wang Ping , Ge Shun-nan , Wang Xue-lian 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background The self-administration (SA) model represents one of the most important and classic methods for drug addiction, and jugular vein catheterization is one of the most critical techniques in this animal model. We aimed to explore an optimized scheme to improve the success rate of rat jugular vein catheterization and SA model. New method Our experiment provided an optimized scheme which including numerous details, materials, approaches, updated techniques and protocols, etc. Our experimental group consisted of 120 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats, which were divided into the Traditional Operation group (TO group) and the Optimized Operation group (OO group) by the random number table method and then further individually divided into the Saline Training group and the Cocaine Training group for the following SA training. Results Our results showed that the success rate of the jugular vein catheterization in the OO group was significantly greater than that in the TO group (93.33% vs 46.67%, χ2=31.11, P<0.001). The optimized jugular vein catheterization could make the SA model more stable, reliable and efficient than the traditional operation. Comparison with existing methods Compared with traditional methods, our optimized scheme made numerous improvements in materials and techniques including uniformity, individualized variability of the S-type positioning nail, the length and connection matching, the shape of the end and low cost, etc. Conclusions Our optimized scheme could provide a more stable and efficient tool for basic research on drug addiction. Several subtle improvements under our personal experience are usually important for augmenting operational efficiency.
How to advise women with a medical history of surgically corrected anorectal malformation on vaginal delivery: a systematic review
Authors: WAAL Ayla C. , AMSTEL Tim , DEKKER Judith J.M.L. , KET Johannes C.F. , KUIJPER Caroline F. , SALVATORE Conchetta M. , JONG Justin R. , GORTER Ramon R. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Objective: Discussion remains on how to advise women with a past medical history of surgically corrected anorectal malformations (ARMs) regarding vaginal delivery. The aim of this review is to evaluate and review the reported obstetrical complications and outcomes after vaginal delivery for these women.Data sources: A systematic search was performed from inception up to 8 December 2020 in PubMed, Embase.com and Clarivate Analytics/Web of Science Core Collection, with backward citation tracking. Study eligibility criteria / appraisal: All articles reported on the outcomes of interest in women with a past medical history of surgically corrected anorectal malformation and had a vaginal delivery were included with the exception of editorial comments or invitational commentaries. Screening and data extraction was done by two authors independently with a third and fourth reviewer in case of disagreement. Tool for Quality assessment depended on the type of article. As low quality evidence was expected no meta-analysis was performed. Results: Only four of the 2125 articles screened were eligible for inclusion with a total of 12 vaginal deliveries attempts in 7 women. In two patients complications were reported: failed vaginal delivery requiring urgent cesarean section (n=1), vaginal tears (n=1). Conclusion: high quality evidence regarding outcomes and complications after vaginal delivery in women with a history of surgically corrected anorectal malformation is lacking. Therefore, based upon this systematic review no formal recommendation can be formulated regarding its safety. Future studies are essential to address this problem. Prospero registration: CRD42020201390. Date: 28-07-2020s
Oak Bark (Quercus sp. cortex) Protects Plants Through the Inhibition of Quorum Sensing Mediated Virulence of Pectobacterium carotovorum
Authors: Vasilchenko Alexey S , Poshvina Darya , Sidorov Roman , Iashnikov Aleksandr , Rogozhin Eugene A , Vasilchenko Anastasia 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Bacterial intercellular communication mediated by small diffusible molecules, known as quorum sensing (QS), is a common mechanism for regulating bacterial colonisation strategies and survival. Influence on QS by plant-derived molecules is proposed as a strategy for combating phytopathogens by modulating their virulence. This work builds upon other studies that have revealed plant-derived QS inhibitors extracted from oak bark (Quercus sp.). It was found that co-incubation of Pectobacterium carotovorum VKM-B-1247 with oak bark extract (OBE) reduced the production of acyl-HSL. This was accompanied by a dose-dependent decrease in the bacterial cellulolytic and protease activity. The effect of OBE treatment at the transcriptomic level is the suppression of the main QS-related genes expR / expI. Potato tubers pre-treated with OBE showed resistance to a manifestation of soft-rot symptoms. Analysis of the component composition of the OBE identified several biologically active molecules, such as n-hexadecanoic acid, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), gamma-sitosterol, lupeol, and others. Molecular docking of the binding energy of the identified molecules with homology models of LuxR-LuxI type proteins showed high potential binding of a few plant-derived molecules to these proteins.
Overexpression of CHAF1A correlates with poor prognosis and tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment and resistance to treatment in cancer
Authors: Qu Sifeng , Sun Xia , Ma Qiushuang , Cheng Yahong , Huang Huangwei , Qin Jing 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background: As distinct marker of proliferating cells, chromatin assembly factor-1 (CAF-1) was critical in DNA replication. CHAF1A, the major subunit in CAF-1 complex, has been shown to be highly expressed in some cancer types. However, there is paucity information about the clinical significance, molecule functions and co-expressed gene network of CHAF1A in breast cancer. Methods: Bioinformatic analysis of CHAF1A and its co-expression gene network were performed using various public databases. Results: Abnormally high expression of CHAF1A was found in 20 types of cancer tissues. Elevated expression of CHAF1A was positively correlated with breast cancer progression and poor patient outcome. Co-expression gene network analysis indicated that CHAF1A was associated with not only cell proliferation, DNA repair, apoptosis, but also cancer metabolism, immune system, drug resistance and so on. More importantly, higher expression of CHAF1A was positively correlated with immunosuppressive microenvironment and resistance to endocrine therapy and chemotherapy. Conclusions: The current study indicates that elevated expression of CHAF1A can be used as diagnosis and poor prognosis biomarker of breast cancer. Although higher expression of CHAF1A induced fast resistance to endocrine therapy and chemotherapy, it may be a potential therapeutic target and biomarker to predict the sensitivity of immunotherapy in breast cancer patients.
Health gender gap in Uganda: Do weather effects and water play a role?
Authors: Amondo Emily Injete , Mirzabaev Alisher 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
BackgroundVulnerability of men and women to adverse health effects of weather variability and climate change is not equal. Mainly because of differences in access to opportunities and resources, risk exposures and sensitivity. This article analyses the effect of weather variability on illness, and the extent to which water collection ‘time burden’ mediates the relationship between weather anomalies and illness among men and women of the working age. Moreover, gender differential factors explaining the health gender gap are investigated, and health inequalities to be eliminated if resources are equalized quantified.MethodsSocioeconomic, health and time use data for individuals was obtained from the World Bank Living Standards Measurement Studies - Integrated Surveys on Agriculture (LSMS –ISA), combined with objective weather data. Two-parts and non-linear decomposition regression analysis were used on a national representative dataset from 2009 to 2014, comprising a total of 22,469 men and women aged between 15-64 years. ResultsThe prevalence of illness, days of illness and work days lost was higher in women than in men. Empirical results show that low rainfall below the long-term mean increased the likelihood of illness and work days lost significantly by at least 8 and 6 percentage points in women and men respectively. The indirect effect of low rainfall and increased temperature on illness through water access pathway was significant and estimated at 0.12-0.15 percentage points in women, implying full mediation. Domestic rain water harvesting significantly reduced water time burdens and illness. Moreover, decomposition results reveal that health inequalities among women and men would have been narrowed by 27%-57%, if endowments were equalized. Determinants of health accounting for a substantial proportion of the gap include differences in temperature exposure, age, education, wealth, marital status and health-seeking behaviors.ConclusionsStrategies that promote women empowerment, health adaptation and time poverty reduction would enhance better health amidst the changing climatic conditions.