bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preparation and characterization of two novel osteoinductive fishbone-derived biphasic calcium phosphate bone graft substitutes
Authors: Zhu Qingfeng , Chen Tong , Xia Jinfeng , Jiang Danyu , Wang Shaohai , Zhang Yuntong 
Published: July 2022

Many studies have reported on the conversion of natural resources into xenografts with hydroxyapatite (HA) as major component, but the extraction of biphasic calcium phosphate (HA/β-TCP) from animal bones and transformation into bone graft substitutes are rarely reported. In this research, two kinds of fish bones were made into granular porous biphasic calcium phosphate bone graft substitutes with particle sizes between 500 to 1000 μm through a series of preparation procedures ( Salmo salar calcined at 900°C named Sa900 and Anoplopoma fimbria calcined at 800°C named An800). The chemical composition was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The morphology and porous structure of the scaffolds were comparatively analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and mercury porosimeter. The specific surface area of materials was measured by the nitrogen adsorption technique based on BET theory. Cytotoxicity and ectopic osteogenesis were also carried out to investigate the biocompatibility and osteoinductive potential of these materials. The results showed that both fishbone-derived scaffolds were composed of HA and β-TCP with different proportions, and numerous interconnected pores with different sizes were observed at the surface of materials. An800 had higher total porosity reaching 74.8% with higher interconnectivity and micropores mostly distributed at 0.27 μm and 0.12 μm, while Sa900 had a higher specific surface area and higher intraparticle porosity with nanopores mostly distributed at 0.07 μm. CCK-8 assays and Live/dead staining demonstrated excellent biocompatibility. Material-induced osteoid formation were observed on the interface of both internal pores and periphery of materials after implantation in muscle pouch of Wistar rats for 8 weeks which indicated some extent of osteoinductive potential of materials. The possible mechanism of material-induced osteogenesis and the effects of chemical composition, surface topography, and spatial structure on osteogenesis were also discussed in this paper.
Influences of carbon nanotube on structures and properties of compatibilized polylactide/polypropylene blend-based ternary nanocomposites
Authors: Lee Ji-Su , Hwang Gyu-Hyun , Kwon Young Seung , Jeong Young Gyu 
Published: July 2022

To attain eco-friendly and multifunctional thermoplastic composites for advanced applications, a series of ternary nanocomposites based on compatibilized polylactide/glycidyl methacrylate-grafted polypropylene (PLA/PGMA, 80/20 by wt%) blend matrix and 0.5–10 wt% multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) filler is manufactured by efficient masterbatch melt-compounding. Effects of MWCNT on the morphology, thermal, mechanical, rheological, electrical, and EMI shielding properties of the ternary nanocomposites are investigated. It is revealed that PGMA/MWCNT domains are partially formed owing to the selective interaction of MWCNT with PGMA in the blend matrix. MWCNTs contribute to accelerating the crystallization rates of PGMA and PLA matrix components in the ternary nanocomposites. The dynamic mechanical modulus and thermal stability of the ternary nanocomposites are improved with the increment of MWCNT loading. The electrical conductivity of the nanocomposites increases significantly from ∼10−11 S/cm to ∼10−3 S/cm with increasing the MWCNT content up to 10 wt%. The electrical percolation threshold of ∼4.0 wt% MWCNT is also found to be in good agreement with the rheologically estimated percolation threshold. The EMI shielding effectiveness of 1 mm thick ternary nanocomposite with 10 wt% MWCNT is measured to be ∼13.4 dB at 8 GHz, which indicates the shielding efficiency of ∼95.4% to incident EM waves.
Lipoprotein(a) in systemic lupus erythematosus is associated with history of proteinuria and reduced renal function
Authors: Connolly Caoilfhionn M , Li Jessica , Goldman Daniel , Fava Andrea , Magder Laurence , Petri Michelle 
Published: July 2022

Objective Proteinuria is the clinical expression of lupus nephritis and despite recent advances in the therapeutic armamentarium for lupus nephritis, morbidity and mortality rates remain high. Therefore, the identification of factors that predict lupus nephritis is paramount in preventing damage accrual and disease progression. Lipoprotein (a) (Lp[a]) is a primarily genetically inherited plasma lipoprotein with pro-thrombotic and pro-atherosclerotic effects. Elevated Lp(a) has been observed at early stages of renal impairment in the general population and is associated with the development of chronic kidney disease. However, little is known about renal implications of Lp(a) in SLE. Thus, we evaluated Lp(a) and atherosclerotic events, thrombotic events, renal disease, and disease activity in patients with SLE. Methods SLE patients fulfilling the revised American College of Rheumatology (ACR) or SLICC classification criteria with a measurement of Lp(a) were included in the analysis. A cutoff of 125 nmol/L was chosen based on expert opinion. Chi-square test was used to compare the differences between patient characteristics and Lp(a) levels. Logistic regression or linear regression were used, where appropriate, to assess the association between Lp(a) values and the measured outcomes. Results Lp(a) levels from 562 patients were analyzed. There was an association between elevated Lp(a) and a history of proteinuria (OR 1.58, p-value = 0.02). This association remained significant following adjustment for age, sex, race, low C3, and elevated anti-dsDNA (OR = 1.55, p-value = 0.04). There was also an association with eGFR < 60 ( p = 0.02). Patients with elevated Lp(a) had higher physician global activity ( p = 0.01) and erythrocyte sediment rate ( p = 0.03). Conclusion Elevated Lp(a) was associated with proteinuria, independent of known factors associated with lupus proteinuria, as well as reduced eGFR and physician global activity. Our findings highlight the potential role of Lp(a) as a noninvasive biomarker for early renal disease in SLE.
Dopamine relieves inflammatory responses through the D2 receptor after electroacupuncture at ST36 in a mouse model of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Liu Xuemei , Fan Tao , Guan Jinshuai , Luo Ai , Yu Yan , Chen Daohong , Mao Bing , Jiang Hongli , Liu Wei 
Published: July 2022

Objective: To detect the role of dopamine in the anti-inflammatory effect of electroacupuncture (EA) at ST36 in a mouse model of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods: Twenty-eight male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into the control group, model group, sham EA (sham) group or ST36 EA (ST36) group in a 1:1:1:1 ratio ( n = 7 each). The COPD mouse model was established through cigarette smoke (CS) exposure for 12 weeks. During the last 2 weeks, EA was applied at a sham point location or ST36 before CS exposure. Lung function, histopathological changes, inflammatory cell counts in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), inflammatory cytokines in BALF, plasma, lung tissue homogenate (LTH), and plasma dopamine levels were detected in the different groups. Furthermore, the role of different dopamine receptors was explored through intraperitoneal injections of non-specific dopamine receptor antagonist chlorpromazine, specific dopamine D1 receptor antagonist SCH 23390 and specific dopamine D2 receptor antagonist eticlopride hydrochloride prior to ST36 EA and CS exposure. Results: EA at ST36 improved lung function, alleviated lung and systemic inflammatory responses by reducing inflammatory cells and cytokines including tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-8 and IL-1β in BALF, plasma and lung tissue in this COPD mouse model. Plasma dopamine was greatly increased after EA at ST36, negatively correlated with lung histological lesions and inflammatory cytokine levels, and positively correlated with mice body weight and lung function indicators. Chlorpromazine and eticlopride hydrochloride inhibited the anti-inflammatory effect of EA at ST36, while SCH 23390 showed no neutralizing effect. Conclusion: EA at ST36 could alleviate inflammation in this mouse model of COPD through the dopamine D2 receptor pathway.
Indigenised approaches to addressing elder abuse in Uganda
Authors: Wamara Charles Kiiza , Strandberg Thomas , Bennich Maria 
Published: July 2022

Summary The social gerontological field has long called for a culturally appropriate framework to understand, prevent, and respond to elder abuse in the Global South. This emphasis is, in part, based on the notion that elder abuse is a cultural and structural concern that cannot be effectively addressed using mainstream social work approaches. Therefore, indigenised approaches are preferred while tackling cultural and structural forms of elder abuse. However, despite several attempts, there is limited research on indigenised approaches and practices within the gerontological social work field. Therefore, we investigated how social work could promote indigenised approaches to better address elder abuse. We explored this through in-depth semi-structured interviews with a purposive sample of 21 social workers. Findings Elder abuse is a cultural and structural social problem that requires family- and community-centred approaches premised on the Indigenous values of togetherness, reciprocity, solidarity, responsibility and love for humanity. These approaches must be embedded in people’s cultures and knowledge to address the social structural changes that have contributed to elder abuse in the Global South. Applications Social workers should strengthen family and community support to achieve social capital and inclusion for older people. This will not only enable families and communities to safeguard their older members, but also enhance community-based solutions to address elder abuse. Social work educators should engage in robust and rigorous research and curriculum change for social work education to enable the integration of post-colonial theories and approaches into social work training.
KIR-favorable TCR-αβ/CD19-depleted haploidentical HCT in children with ALL/AML/MDS: primary analysis of the PTCTC ONC1401 trial
Authors: Pulsipher Michael A. , Ahn Kwang W. , Bunin Nancy J. , Lalefar Nahal , Anderson Eric , Flower Allyson , Cairo Mitchell S. , Talano Julie-An , Chaudhury Sonali , Kitko Carrie L. , Duke Jamie L. , Monos Dimitrios , Leung Wing , Dvorak Christopher C. , Abdel-Azim Hisham 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
We performed a prospective multicenter study of T-cell receptor αβ (TCR-αβ)/CD19–depleted haploidentical hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) in children with acute leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), to determine 1-year disease-free survival (DFS) and compare 2-year outcomes with recipients of other donor cell sources. Fifty-one patients aged 0.7 to 21 years were enrolled; donors were killer immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) favorable based on ligand mismatch and/or high B content. The 1-year DFS was 78%. Superior 2-year DFS and overall survival (OS) were noted in patients &lt;10 years of age, those treated with reduced toxicity conditioning (RTC) rather than myeloablative conditioning, and children with minimal residual disease &lt;0.01% before HCT. Multivariate analysis comparing the KIR-favorable haploidentical cohort with controls showed similar DFS and OS compared with other donor cell sources. Multivariate analysis also showed a marked decrease in the risk of grades 2 to 4 and 3 to 4 acute graft versus host disease (aGVHD), chronic GVHD, and transplant-related mortality vs other donor cell sources. Ethnic and racial minorities accounted for 53% of enrolled patients, and data from a large cohort of recipients/donors screened for KIR showed that &gt;80% of recipients had a KIR-favorable donor by our definition, demonstrating that this approach is broadly applicable to groups often unable to find donors. This prospective, multicenter study showed improved outcomes using TCR-αβ/CD19–depleted haploidentical donors using RTC for children with acute leukemia and MDS. Randomized trials comparing this approach with matched unrelated donors are warranted. This trial was registered at https://clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT02646839.
Structures of VWF tubules before and after concatemerization reveal a mechanism of disulfide bond exchange
Authors: Anderson Jacob R. , Li Jing , Springer Timothy A. , Brown Alan 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
von Willebrand factor (VWF) is an adhesive glycoprotein that circulates in the blood as disulfide-linked concatemers and functions in primary hemostasis. The loss of long VWF concatemers is associated with the excessive bleeding of type 2A von Willebrand disease (VWD). Formation of the disulfide bonds that concatemerize VWF requires VWF to self-associate into helical tubules, yet how the helical tubules template intermolecular disulfide bonds is not known. Here, we report electron cryomicroscopy (cryo-EM) structures of VWF tubules before and after intermolecular disulfide bond formation. The structures provide evidence that VWF tubulates through a charge–neutralization mechanism and that the A1 domain enhances tubule length by crosslinking successive helical turns. In addition, the structures reveal disulfide states before and after disulfide bond-mediated concatemerization. The structures and proposed assembly mechanism provide a foundation to rationalize VWD-causing mutations.
Participation in community-based lung cancer screening: the Yorkshire Lung Screening Trial
Authors: Crosbie Philip A.J. , Gabe Rhian , Simmonds Irene , Hancock Neil , Alexandris Panos , Kennedy Martyn , Rogerson Suzanne , Baldwin David , Booton Richard , Bradley Claire , Darby Mike , Eckert Claire , Franks Kevin N. , Lindop Jason , Janes Sam M. , Møller Henrik , Murray Rachael L. , Neal Richard D. , Quaife Samantha L. , Upperton Sara , Shinkins Bethany , Tharmanathan Puvan , Callister Matthew E.J. 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundScreening with low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) reduces lung cancer mortality; however, the most effective strategy for optimising participation is unknown. Here we present data from the Yorkshire Lung Screening Trial, including response to invitation, screening eligibility and uptake of community-based LDCT screening.MethodsIndividuals aged 55–80 years, identified from primary care records as having ever smoked, were randomised prior to consent to invitation to telephone lung cancer risk assessment or usual care. The invitation strategy included general practitioner endorsement, pre-invitation and two reminder invitations. After telephone triage, those at higher risk were invited to a Lung Health Check (LHC) with immediate access to a mobile CT scanner.ResultsOf 44 943 individuals invited, 50.8% (n=22 815) responded and underwent telephone-based risk assessment (16.7% and 7.3% following first and second reminders, respectively). A lower response rate was associated with current smoking status (adjusted OR 0.44, 95% CI 0.42–0.46) and socioeconomic deprivation (adjusted OR 0.58, 95% CI 0.54–0.62 for the mostversusthe least deprived quintile). Of those responding, 34.4% (n=7853) were potentially eligible for screening and offered a LHC, of whom 86.8% (n=6819) attended. Lower uptake was associated with current smoking status (adjusted OR 0.73, 95% CI 0.62–0.87) and socioeconomic deprivation (adjusted OR 0.78, 95% CI 0.62–0.98). In total, 6650 individuals had a baseline LDCT scan, representing 99.7% of eligible LHC attendees.ConclusionsTelephone risk assessment followed by a community-based LHC is an effective strategy for lung cancer screening implementation. However, lower participation associated with current smoking status and socioeconomic deprivation underlines the importance of research to ensure equitable access to screening.
Antiproliferation effects of nanophytosome-loaded phenolic compounds from fruit of Juniperus polycarpos against breast cancer in mice model: synthesis, characterization and therapeutic effects
Authors: Moeini Soheila , Karimi Ehsan , Oskoueian Ehsan 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
This research was performed to synthesize nanophytosome-loaded high phenolic fraction (HPF) from Juniperus polycarpos fruit extract and investigate its antiproliferation effects against breast cancer in mice model.

Results
The nanophytosome-loaded HPF from Juniperus polycarpos fruit extract was synthesized. The mice trial was conducted to determine the possible toxic effects of the synthesized nanophytosomes. The anticancer, pro-apoptotic, and antioxidative activities of the nanophytosomes were determined. The nanophytosome-loaded HPF had a spherical structure with a size of 176 nm and a polydispersity index coefficient of 0.24. The in vivo study manifested that nanophytosome-loaded HPF significantly improved weight gain and food intake compared to the negative control group (p < 0.05). The nanophytosome-loaded HPF significantly enhanced the expression of bax (3.4-fold) and caspase-3 (2.7-fold) genes, but reduced bcl2 (3.6-fold) gene expression in tumor cells. The average tumor size was significantly decreased in mice treated with nanophytosome-loaded HPF (p < 0.05). The expression of GPX (2.3-fold) and SOD (2.7-fold) antioxidants in the liver of mice supplemented with nanophytosome-loaded HPF was significantly developed compared to the negative control (p < 0.05). The nanophytosome-loaded HPF did not show toxicity on normal cells.

Conclusion
Our results indicated that nanophytosome-loaded HPF might be a potential anticancer agent for the breast cancer treatment.
The effect of ultrasound-guided lung recruitment maneuvers on atelectasis in lung-healthy patients undergoing laparoscopic gynecologic surgery: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Liu Yi , Wang Jingyu , Geng Yuan , Zhang Yiran , Su Hang , Yang Yujiao 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundAtelectasis is the primary cause of hypoxemia during general anesthesia. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of the combination of recruitment maneuvers (RM) and positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) on the incidence of atelectasis in adult women undergoing gynecologic laparoscopic surgery using pulmonary ultrasound.MethodsIn this study, 42 patients with healthy lungs undergoing laparoscopic gynecologic surgery were randomly divided into the recruitment maneuver group (RM group; 6 cm H2O PEEP and RM) or the control group (C group; 6 cm H2O PEEP and no RM), 21 patients in each group. Volume-controlled ventilation was used in all selected patients, with a tidal volume of 6–8 mL·kg−1of ideal body weight. When atelectasis was detected, patients in the RM group received ultrasound-guided RM, while those in the C group received no intervention. The incidence and severity of atelectasis were determined using lung ultrasound scores.ResultsA total of 41 patients were investigated. The incidence of atelectasis was lower in the RM group (40%) than in the C group (80%) 15 min after arrival in the post-anesthesia care unit (PACU). Meanwhile, lung ultrasound scores (LUSs) were lower in the RM group compared to the C group. In addition, the differences in the LUS between the two groups were mainly due to the differences in lung ultrasound scores in the posterior regions. However, this difference did not persist after 24 h of surgery.ConclusionsIn conclusion, the combination of RM and PEEP could reduce the incidence of atelectasis in patients with healthy lungs 15 min after arrival at the PACU; however, it disappeared within 24 h after surgery.Trial registration(Prospectively registered):ChiCTR2000033529. Registered on 4/6/2020.
Associations between loneliness and frailty among older adults: Evidence from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study
Authors: Sha Sha , Pan Yao , Xu Yuebin , Chen Lin 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Previous studies have demonstrated the associations between loneliness and frailty in late life. However, there is a lack of consensus on the direction of the relationship. The present study aimed to examine the interdependencies between loneliness and frailty over time.

Methods
Data on participants aged 60 years old and above were collected from the 2011, 2013, and 2015 samples of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). Loneliness was measured by a single question from the Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression scale, and frailty was assessed by the Physical Frailty Phenotype (PFP) scale. Cross-lagged panel models were utilized to examine the potential bidirectional relationship between loneliness and frailty.

Results
Reciprocal associations were found between loneliness and frailty. Furthermore, we found that baseline frailty and early change in frailty had a significant predictive effect on late change in loneliness. Higher baseline loneliness in older adults may create a potentially vicious cycle that influenced early change in frailty and continued to cause late change in loneliness.

Conclusion
A bidirectional relationship may exist between loneliness and frailty among older Chinese adults over 60 years old. Lonely older adults should be alerted to the potential self-reinforcing cycle of loneliness that affects their health.
The transitions and predictors of cognitive frailty with multi-state Markov model: a cohort study
Authors: Yuan Manqiong , Xu Chuanhai , Fang Ya 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundCognitive frailty (CF) is characterized by the simultaneous presence of physical frailty and cognitive impairment. Previous studies have investigated its prevalence and impact on different adverse health-related outcomes. Few studies have focused on the progression and reversibility of CF and their potential predictors.MethodsData were derived from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). A total of 4051 older adults with complete data on three waves of the survey (2011, 2013, and 2015) were included and categorized into four groups: normal state (NS), cognitive impairment (CI) only, physical frailty (PF) only and CF (with both PF and CI). A multi-state Markov model was constructed to explore the transitions and predicting factors of CF.ResultsThe incidence and improvement rates of CF were 1.70 and 11.90 per 100 person-years, respectively. The 1-year transition probability of progression to CF in those with CI was higher than that in the PF population (0.340 vs. 0.054), and those with CF were more likely to move to PF (0.208). Being female [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.46, 95%CI = 1.06, 2.02)], dissatisfied with life (HR = 4.94, 95%CI = 1.04, 23.61), had a history of falls (HR = 2.36, 95%CI = 1.02, 5.51), rural household registration (HR = 2.98, 95%CI = 1.61, 5.48), multimorbidity (HR = 2.17, 95%CI = 1.03, 4.59), and depression (HR = 1.75, 95%CI = 1.26, 2.45) increased the risk of progression to CF, whereas literacy (HR = 0.46, 95%CI = 0.33, 0.64) decreased such risk. Depression (HR = 0.43, 95%CI = 0.22, 0.84) reduced the likelihood of CF improvement, whereas literacy (HR = 2.23, 95%CI = 1.63, 3.07) increased such likelihood.ConclusionsCognitive frailty is a dynamically changing condition in older adults. Possible interventions aimed at preventing the onset and facilitating the recovery of cognitive frailty should focus on improving cognitive function in older adults.