bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multidisciplinary Tumor Board Smart Virtual Assistant in Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer: A Proof of Concept
Authors: Macchia Gabriella , Ferrandina Gabriella , Patarnello Stefano , Autorino Rosa , Masciocchi Carlotta , Pisapia Vincenzo , Calvani Cristina , Iacomini Chiara , Cesario Alfredo , Boldrini Luca , Gui Benedetta , Rufini Vittoria , Gambacorta Maria Antonietta , Scambia Giovanni , Valentini Vincenzo 
Published: January 2022

AimThe first prototype of the “Multidisciplinary Tumor Board Smart Virtual Assistant” is presented, aimed to (i) Automated classification of clinical stage starting from different free-text diagnostic reports; (ii) Resolution of inconsistencies by identifying controversial cases drawing the clinician’s attention to particular cases worthy for multi-disciplinary discussion; (iii) Support environment for education and knowledge transfer to junior staff; (iv) Integrated data-driven decision making and standardized language and interpretation.Patients and MethodData from patients affected by Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer (LACC), FIGO stage IB2-IVa, treated between 2015 and 2018 were extracted. Magnetic Resonance (MR), Gynecologic examination under general anesthesia (EAU), and Positron Emission Tomography–Computed Tomography (PET-CT) performed at the time of diagnosis were the items from the Electronic Health Records (eHRs) considered for analysis. An automated extraction of eHR that capture the patient’s data before the diagnosis and then, through Natural Language Processing (NLP), analysis and categorization of all data to transform source information into structured data has been performed.ResultsIn the first round, the system has been used to retrieve all the eHR for the 96 patients with LACC. The system has been able to classify all patients belonging to the training set and - through the NLP procedures - the clinical features were analyzed and classified for each patient. A second important result was the setup of a predictive model to evaluate the patient’s staging (accuracy of 94%). Lastly, we created a user-oriented operational tool targeting the MTB who are confronted with the challenge of large volumes of patients to be diagnosed in the most accurate way.ConclusionThis is the first proof of concept concerning the possibility of creating a smart virtual assistant for the MTB. A significant benefit could come from the integration of these automated methods in the collaborative, crucial decision stages.
Interventions to Improve Safer Sleep Practices in Families With Children Considered to Be at Increased Risk for Sudden Unexpected Death in Infancy: A Systematic Review
Authors: Ellis Catherine , Pease Anna , Garstang Joanna , Watson Debbie , Blair Peter S. , Fleming Peter J. 
Published: January 2022

Background: Advice to families to follow infant care practices known to reduce the risks of Sudden Unexpected Death in Infancy (SUDI) has led to a reduction in deaths across the world. This reduction has slowed in the last decade with most deaths now occurring in families experiencing social and economic deprivation. A systematic review of the literature was commissioned by the National Child Safeguarding Practice Review Panel in England. The review covered three areas: interventions to improve engagement with support services, parental decision-making for the infant sleep environment, and interventions to improve safer sleep practices in families with infants considered to be at risk of SUDI.Aim: To describe the safer sleep interventions tested with families with infants at risk of SUDI and investigate what this literature can tell us about what works to reduce risk and embed safer sleep practices in this group.Methods: Eight online databases were systematically searched in December 2019. Intervention studies that targeted families with infants (0–1 year) at increased risk of SUDI were included. Studies were limited to those from Western Europe, North America or Australasia, published in the last 15 years. The Quality Assessment Tool for Studies with Diverse Designs was applied to assess quality. Data from included studies were extracted for narrative synthesis, including mode of delivery using Michie et al.'s Mode of Delivery Taxonomy.Results: The wider review returned 3,367 papers, with 23 intervention papers. Five types of intervention were identified: (1) infant sleep space and safer sleep education programs, (2) intensive or targeted home visiting services, (3) peer educators/ambassadors, (4) health education/raising awareness interventions, (5) targeted health education messages using digital media.Conclusion: Influencing behavior in families with infants at risk of SUDI has traditionally focused on “getting messages across,” with interventions predominantly using education and awareness raising mechanisms. This review found evidence of interventions moving from “information giving” to “information exchange” models using personalized, longer term relationship-building models. This shift may represent an improvement in how safer sleep advice is implemented in families with infants at risk, but more robust evidence of effectiveness is required.Systematic Review Registration:https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/901091/DfE_Death_in_infancy_review.pdf, identifier: CRD42020165302.
Molecular Mechanism of Gelsemium elegans (Gardner and Champ.) Benth. Against Neuropathic Pain Based on Network Pharmacology and Experimental Evidence
Authors: Que Wancai , Wu Zhaoyang , Chen Maohua , Zhang Binqing , You Chuihuai , Lin Hailing , Zhao Zhichang , Liu Maobai , Qiu Hongqiang , Cheng Yu 
Published: January 2022

Gelsemium elegans (Gardner and Champ.) Benth. (Gelsemiaceae) (GEB) is a toxic plant indigenous to Southeast Asia especially China, and has long been used as Chinese folk medicine for the treatment of various types of pain, including neuropathic pain (NPP). Nevertheless, limited data are available on the understanding of the interactions between ingredients-targets-pathways. The present study integrated network pharmacology and experimental evidence to decipher molecular mechanisms of GEB against NPP. The candidate ingredients of GEB were collected from the published literature and online databases. Potentially active targets of GEB were predicted using the SwissTargetPrediction database. NPP-associated targets were retrieved from GeneCards, Therapeutic Target database, and DrugBank. Then the protein-protein interaction network was constructed. The DAVID database was applied to Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genome pathway enrichment analysis. Molecular docking was employed to validate the interaction between ingredients and targets. Subsequently, a 50 ns molecular dynamics simulation was performed to analyze the conformational stability of the protein-ligand complex. Furthermore, the potential anti-NPP mechanisms of GEB were evaluated in the rat chronic constriction injury model. A total of 47 alkaloids and 52 core targets were successfully identified for GEB in the treatment of NPP. Functional enrichment analysis showed that GEB was mainly involved in phosphorylation reactions and nitric oxide synthesis processes. It also participated in 73 pathways in the pathogenesis of NPP, including the neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction signaling pathway, calcium signaling pathway, and MAPK signaling pathway. Interestingly, 11-Hydroxyrankinidin well matched the active pockets of crucial targets, such as EGFR, JAK1, and AKT1. The 11-hydroxyrankinidin-EGFR complex was stable throughout the entire molecular dynamics simulation. Besides, the expression of EGFR and JAK1 could be regulated by koumine to achieve the anti-NPP action. These findings revealed the complex network relationship of GEB in the “multi-ingredient, multi-target, multi-pathway” mode, and explained the synergistic regulatory effect of each complex ingredient of GEB based on the holistic view of traditional Chinese medicine. The present study would provide a scientific approach and strategy for further studies of GEB in the treatment of NPP in the future.
Elevated Serum Leptin Levels in Patients With Eosinophilic Chronic Rhinosinusitis
Authors: Imoto Yoshimasa , Ueki Shigeharu , Kato Yukinori , Yoshida Kanako , Morikawa Taiyo , Kimura Yukihiro , Kidoguchi Masanori , Tsutsumiuchi Toshiki , Koyama Keisuke , Adachi Naoto , Ito Yumi , Ogi Kazuhiro , Sakashita Masafumi , Yamada Takechiyo , Schleimer Robert P. , Takabayashi Tetsuji , Fujieda Shigeharu 
Published: January 2022

Background: Eosinophilic chronic sinusitis (ECRS) is a subtype of CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) that is frequently comorbid with asthma. Notably, ECRS patients often show a high recurrence of NPs after surgical resection. Leptin is a hormone produced by adipocytes that has been implicated in airway inflammatory diseases. However, to date, the role of leptin in ECRS has not been investigated.Objective: To determine whether the serum levels of leptin are altered in patients with ECRS.Methods: In total, 40 patients with ECRS, 15 patients with non-eosinophilic CRS (non-ECRS), and 12 individuals without CRS (control) were included in this study. Patient’s serum leptin levels were assessed, and the number of eosinophils in their NPs were measured through a histological evaluation of the three densest areas with cellular infiltrate beneath the epithelial surface. Finally, nasal fibroblast cultures established from NPs were stimulated with varying concentrations of recombinant leptin in vitro to determine whether leptin affects eotaxin-3 (Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 26 :26: CCL26) expression.Results: The serum leptin levels in both the ECRS and non-ECRS groups were significantly higher than those in the control subjects (p &lt; 0.0001 vs. ECRS; p &lt; 0.05 vs. non-ECRS). Furthermore, ECRS patients displayed significantly elevated serum leptin levels compared to non-ECRS patients (p &lt; 0.001), although there was no difference in body mass index between the groups. Notably, serum leptin levels were correlated with the proportion of eosinophils in peripheral blood (r = 0.3575, p &lt; 0.01) and the number of eosinophils in NPs (r = 0.5109, p &lt; 0.0001). Serum leptin levels were also correlated with eotaxin-3 mRNA expression in NPs (r = 0.5374, p &lt; 0.01). Finally, leptin significantly augmented eotaxin-3 expression in nasal fibroblasts established in vitro from NPs in a leptin receptor-dependent manner (p &lt; 0.05).Conclusion: Leptin levels are elevated in ECRS patients and may both promote and indicate the severity of ECRS as well as systemic type 2-biased inflammatory responses. Combined, these data indicate that circulating leptin may play a significant role in the development of eosinophilic inflammation in NPs.
Limonin Alleviates Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease by Reducing Lipid Accumulation, Suppressing Inflammation and Oxidative Stress
Authors: Li Yunjia , Yang Menghan , Lin Haiyan , Yan Weixin , Deng Guanghui , Ye Haixin , Shi Hao , Wu Chaofeng , Ma Guoliang , Xu Shu , Tan Qinxiang , Gao Zhuowei , Gao Lei 
Published: January 2022

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common cause of chronic liver disease and continues to rise in the worldwide. Limonin is a triterpenoid compound widely found in the fruits of citrus plants with a wide range of pharmacological effects, including anti-cancer, anti-inflammation, anti-viral, anti-oxidation and liver protection properties. However, the potential molecular mechanism of limonin on NAFLD in zebrafish remains unknown. In this study, zebrafish larvae were exposed to thioacetamide to establish an NAFLD model and the larvae were treated with limonin for 72 h simultaneously. The human liver cell line was stimulated with lipid mixture and meanwhile incubated with limonin for 24 h. The results showed that Limonin significantly reduced the accumulation of lipid droplets in the liver and down-regulated the levels of lipogenic transcription factors FASN and SREBP1 in NAFLD. Limonin suppressed macrophages infiltration and the down-regulated the relative expression levels of the pro-inflammatory factors IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α secreted by macrophages. Besides, limonin could reversed the reduction of glutathione and the accumulation of reactive oxygen species through up-regulating NRF2/HO-1 signaling pathway in the liver. In conclusion, this study revealed that limonin has a protective effect on NAFLD due to its resistance to lipid deposition as well as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions.
Psychedelic Mushrooms in the USA: Knowledge, Patterns of Use, and Association With Health Outcomes
Authors: Matzopoulos Richard , Morlock Robert , Morlock Amy , Lerer Bernard , Lerer Leonard 
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Popular media coverage of psychedelics use, growing research into this class of compounds for psychiatry and decriminalization initiatives, are transforming the public perception of psychedelics. However, little is known about levels of knowledge and psychedelic mushroom (PM) use among American adults.Methods: We examined PM use and various measures of health status, quality of life, and self-reported mental health outcome measures obtained through a national on-line, cross-sectional survey of adults with a demographic composition representative of the US adult population by region, gender, age, and race (weighted N = 251,297,495) from November 2020–March 2021.Results: General mental health and well-being were popular reasons for PM use (63.6%), although use for medically-diagnosed (31.8%) and self-diagnosed (19.0%) conditions was also common. PM users reported more depression and anxiety as reflected in higher GAD-7 and PHQ-9 scores. Factors predictive of PM use included being male [OR 1.54 95%CI 1.09–2.15] and having higher Charlson Comorbidity Index scores [OR 1.42; 95%CI 1.22–1.65]. Self-reported PM use was less likely among participants with health insurance [OR = 0.50 (0.35–0.72)], increased age [OR = 0.92 (0.90–0.93)] and, relative to those living in the west US census region, living in the northeast [OR = 0.27 (0.15–0.50)], midwest [OR = 0.34 (0.20–0.56)], and south [OR = 0.38 (0.26–0.55)].Discussion and Conclusions: A significant number of Americans are already “self-medicating” with PM and as growing positive media coverage of psychedelics drives public interest in the health benefits of PM, this number will increase. The association between PM use and poor mental health requires further research to inform policy.
Digital Divide in Online Education During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cosmetic Course From the View of the Regional Socioeconomic Distribution
Authors: Sun Mengmeng , Xiong Lidan , Li Li , Chen Yu , Tang Jie , Hua Wei , Mao Yujie 
Published: January 2022

Objectives: During the pandemic, quarantine has led to the lockdown of many physical educational institutions. Thus, massive open online courses (MOOCs) have become a more common choice for participants. MOOCs are often flagged as supplemental methods to educational disparities caused by regional socioeconomic distribution. However, dissenters argue that MOOCs can exacerbate the digital divide. This study aimed to compare the participants' performance before and after the outbreak of COVID-19, analyze the impact of the epidemic on online education of cosmetic dermatology from the view of the regional socioeconomic distribution, and investigate whether MOOCs exacerbate the digital divide in the COVID-19 epidemic.Methods: The study was conducted in participants of the MOOC course Appreciation and Analysis of Cosmetics from January 2018 to December 2020. Based on the platform data and official socioeconomic statistics, correlation of multivariate analysis was used to determine the factors related to the number of total participants. A panel regression model and stepwise least squares regression analysis (STEPLS) were employed to further analyze the relationship between GDP, population, number of college students and number of total participants in different years in the eastern, central and western regions of China.Results: The number of total participants in 2020 surged 82.02% compared with that in 2019. Completion rates were generally stable in 2018 and 2019 before the COVID-19 pandemic and significantly decreased in 2020 after the outbreak of the pandemic. GDP was the most important socioeconomic factor that determined the total number of participants and it was positively related to the total number of participants before and after the outbreak of the pandemic. The number of college students was unrelated to the total number of participants before the epidemic, and after the outbreak of COVID-19 in 2020, the number became positively related in all regions of China.Conclusions: This study shows that the epidemic pushes more people to choose MOOCs to study cosmetic dermatology, and online education could exacerbate rather than reduce disparities that are related to regional and socioeconomic status in the cosmetic field in the COVID-19 pandemic.
A Protocol for a Scoping Review Comparative Bibliometric Analysis of Infectious Disease Research in Africa
Authors: Perryman Adrianna , Gebretekle Gebremedhin Beedemariam , Ogunbameru Adeteju , Bielecki Joanna M. , Sander Beate 
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Evidence on authorship trends of health research conducted about or in Africa shows that there is a lack of local researchers in the first and last authorship positions, with high income country collaborations taking up these positions. The differences in authorship calls into question power imbalances in global health research and who benefits from the production of new discoveries and innovations. Health studies may further go on to inform policy and clinical practice within the region having an impact on public health. This paper aims to compare the differences in authorship between COVID-19 and relevant infectious diseases in Africa.Materials and Methods: We will conduct a bibliometric analysis comparing authorship for COVID-19 research during a public health emergency with authorship for four other infectious diseases of relevance to Africa namely: Ebola, Zika Virus (ZIKV), Tuberculosis (TB) and Influenza. Our scoping review will follow the framework developed by Arksey and O'Malley and reviewed by Levac et al. We will search MEDLINE (Ovid), African Index Medicus (AIM), Eastern Mediterranean Region (IMEMR) Index Medicus, Embase (Ovid), and Web of Science (Clarivate). We will compare the different trends of disease research between the selected diseases. This study is registered with OSF registries and is licensed with the Academic Free License version 3.0. The open science registration number is 10.17605/OSF.IO/5ZPGN.
Does Right-Hemispheric Anodal tDCS Enhance the Impact of Script Training in Chronic Aphasia? A Single-Subject Experimental Study
Authors: Figeys Mathieu , Kim Esther Sung , Hopper Tammy 
Published: January 2022

Background: Script training is an aphasia treatment approach that has been demonstrated to have a positive effect on communication of individuals with aphasia; however, it is time intensive as a therapeutic modality. To augment therapy-induced neuroplasticity, transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) may be implemented. tDCS has been paired with other speech-language treatments, however, has not been investigated with script training.Aims: The purpose of this study was to determine if tDCS improves communication proficiency when paired with script training, compared to script training alone.Methods and Procedures: A single-subject experimental design was implemented with a participant with non-fluent aphasia, using two scripts across treatment conditions: script training with sham-tDCS, and script training with anodal-tDCS. Treatment sessions were 75 min long, administered three times weekly. Anodal tDCS was implemented for 20 min with a current of 1.5 mA over the right inferior frontal gyrus.Results: Large effect sizes were obtained on script mastery for both stimulation conditions (anodal d2 = 9.94; sham d2 = 11.93). tDCS did not improve script accuracy, however, there was a significant improvement in the rate of change of script pace relative to baseline (3.99 seconds/day, p &lt; 0.001) in the anodal tDCS condition.Conclusion: Despite a null tDCS result on accuracy, the script training protocol increased script performance to a near-fluent level of communication. There is preliminary evidence to suggest that tDCS may alter the rate of script acquisition, however, further research to corroborate this finding is required. Implications for future studies are discussed.
Analisis Ketahanan Pangan Rumah Tangga Petani Padi Berdasarkan Proporsi Pengeluaran Pangan Di Kota Padang
Authors: Martadona Ilham 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRAK
Padi merupakan salah satu komoditas tanaman pangan yang cukup strategis untuk mendukung terwujudnya ketahanan pangan nasioal. Padi merupakan komoditas unggulan di Kota Padang, dan salah satu wilayah sentra produksinya adalah Kecamatan Kuranji. Sebagai wilayah lumbung pangan (padi) diasumsikan dengan tingkat kesejahteraan masyarakat (petani) yang terjamin dalam hal pemenuhan pangan. Salah satu indikator ketahanan pangan rumah tangga dicerminkan oleh proporsi pengeluaran pangan terhadap pengeluaran total. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah 1) menganalisis perkembangan (trend) produksi padi di Kota Padang dan 2) menganalisis pendapatan dan proporsi pengeluaran rumah tangga petani padi. Jenis data penelitian terdiri dari data primer dan sekunder, dengan jumlah responden sebanyak 30 rumah tangga petani padi dengan teknik pengambilan sampel secara snowball sampling. Analisis data yang digunakan meliputi analisis trend menggunakan least square method; pendapatan total; dan proporsi pengeluaran pangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan produksi padi sawah, mengalami penurunan produksi sebesar 7812.00 Ton setiap tahunnya (2015-2019), diperkirakan pada tahun 2020 produksi padi sawah sebesar 35,882.00 Ton. Sedangkan, sumber pendapatan rumah tangga petani padi terbesar berasal dari pendapatan usahatani padi sawah (onfarm). Proporsi pengeluaran rumah tangga petani digunakan untuk pengeluaran pangan yaitu padi-padian, dengan rata-rata total pengeluaran sebesar 60.26 persen.

Kata Kunci : Tanaman Pangan, Rumah Tangga Petani, Ketahanan Pangan

ABSTRACT
Rice is one of the food crop commodities which is quite strategic to support the realization of national food security. Rice is a leading commodity in the city of Padang, and one of its production centers is Kuranji District. As a food barn (rice) area, it is assumed that the level of welfare of the community (farmers) is guaranteed in terms of food fulfillment. One indicator of household food security is reflected by the proportion of food expenditure to total expenditure. The objectives of this study were 1) to analyze the development (trend) of rice production in Padang City and 2) to analyze the income and proportion of household expenditures of rice farmers. The type of research data consists of primary and secondary data, with the number of respondents as many as 30 rice farmer households with a snowball sampling technique. The data analysis used includesanalysis trend using the least square method; total revenue; and the proportion of food expenditure. The results showed that lowland rice production decreased by 7812.00 tons every year (2015-2019), it is estimated that in 2020 lowland rice production was 35,882.00 tons. Meanwhile, the largest source of household income for rice farmers comes from rice farming(incomeonfarm). The proportion of household expenditure of farmers is used for food expenditure, namely grains, with an average total expenditure of 60.26 percent
Keywords : food crop commodities, farmer households, food security