bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Approval of a computational method for determining thermal loads during accidents accompanied by fireballs
Authors: Shangaraev R. R. 
Published: October 2022

Introduction. Large fires are quite often accompanied by the formation of fireballs (OSH), which create significant thermal loads. As a result of the fire coverage of a container containing an overheated liquid, a physical explosion occurs, which releases a significant amount of fuel forming a fireball. This phenomenon is dangerous because, with a short lifetime, it is capable of causing thermal injuries over considerable distances. The existing methods of predicting the consequences of a fireball, set out in various domestic regulatory documents and foreign literature, do not fully reflect the possible values of thermal loads. In this regard, a computational method for determining thermal loads was developed, taking into account the movement of the fireball.Goals and objectives. The purpose of this study is to test the developed computational methodology for determining thermal loads, which takes into account the kinematic characteristics of the fireball. The following tasks were solved in the study:● check the operability of the fireball lifting model;● to conduct a comparative analysis of thermal loads according to the developed methodology with the results of calculation of domestic and foreign methods;● conduct a computational experiment on the effect of air mobility (wind effect of 7 m/s) on thermal loads.Research methods. To check the operability of the OSH lifting model, footage of the formation of a fireball was used. According to the shooting frames, the position of the fireball in space and its kinematic characteristics were tracked. Using kinematic parameters, thermal loads were determined. To assess the adequacy of calculations of thermal loads, a comparative analysis of the results of calculations of the developed computational methodology with the results of calculations using existing domestic and foreign methods was used. To substantiate the application of the developed computational methodology for determining thermal loads, taking into account the kinematic parameters of the fireball, a computational experiment was conducted using the MATLAB software and computing complex.Results and their discussion.The results of the calculation of kinematic parameters are satisfactorily correlated with the results of mathematical modeling. The obtained values of thermal loads according to the developed computational methodology are in satisfactory agreement with the results of calculations according to existing domestic and foreign methods. Based on the calculations performed in the article, it is shown that a change in gas dynamic flows (wind demolition) leads to a significant change in the damaging factors of fireballs that are formed during fires in emergency situations.Conclusions. The results of the research made it possible to assess the adequacy of the performance of the improved computational methodology for determining thermal loads in accidents accompanied by fireballs, as well as to justify the relevance of the application of the developed method.
Analysis of methods used to identify combustible gas and vapour-related factors contributing to explosions in the context of assigning explosion and fire safety categories to premises
Authors: Zemskiy G. T. , Vogman L. P. , Kondratyuk N. V. , Korolchenko D. A. 
Published: October 2022

Introduction. The authors have classified numerous publications, addressing the assignment of explosion and fire safety categories to premises, buildings and outdoor facilities, into the three groups: 1) sources of information that are in effect (including in-house and region-wide documents), sources that were in effect; 2) manuals and guidelines on category assignment; 3) publications that confirm (refute) or clarify some provisions, specified in regulatory sources. This article can be included into the third group of publications.Goal. Analysis of different methods, used to identify the value of Z factor; identification of strengths and weaknesses of each method, development of recommendations on the application of these methods.Objectives. The objective is to identify the substance-related factor contributing to explosions, use particular cases to demonstrate the efficiency of this or other identification method.Results and discussion. The analysis of Z factor identification methods, describing the contribution of vapours of highly flammable liquids to an explosion, has proven that three types of procedures can be used to find the Z factor value:the method of tables (that uses the maximal possible tabular value of Z = 1; for gases and aerosols Z = 0.5; for vapours of highly flammable liquids Z = 0.3);the computational method based on a pattern of three-dimensional gas and vapour spreading on the premises; however, this method, if applied, may involve a high probability of errors due to numerous conditions limiting its applicability; hence, the unexplainable value of Z may exceed 1. Besides, the computational method is extremely laborious. Its application requires the clarification of conditions for its use;the graphical method (based on the dependency graph of Z on the X parameter). This method is the simplest and the most reliable one. When the graphical method is used to find the value of Z, the excess oxidant ratio must be taken as being equal to one, and the Х parameter must be calculated according to the following formula: Х = 0.99 Рs.v/Сst.c.Conclusions. The graphical method, used to find the value of Z, is simple and reliable. When the Х parameter is identified, the excess air ratio is used: φ = 1.9, which leads to the underestimation of Z, the vapour-related factor contributing to explosions. To prevent the unreasonable underestimation of Z, the excess air ratio must be disregarded or taken as being equal to 0.99.
Pyrolysis of hybrid polyurethane inorganic thermal insulation: thermogravimetric analysis and FTIR spectra
Authors: Kobelev A. A. , Naganovskiy Yu. K. , Kruglov E. Yu. , Aseeva R. M. , Shapikhov E. M. 
Published: October 2022

Purpose. The purpose of this work is to study the process of thermal decomposition (pyrolysis) of two samples of a hybrid organic-inorganic (OIH) heat-insulating material based on data obtained by thermogravimetric analysis and IR-Fourier spectrometry.The goal set predetermined the following research tasks: to find out the basic chemical structure of the OIH samples (by functional groups), to study the order of processes in materials when heated in nitrogen, to calculate the activation energy, the pre-exponential factor, to determine the pyrolysis mechanism.Methods. The methods of thermogravimetric analysis and IR-Fourier spectrometry were used in the work. Samples for spectrometric analysis were prepared in the process of thermogravimetric tests using the “freezing” experiment method.Results and discussion. The paper studies the structural features of two samples of hybrid polyurethane inorganic (OIH) thermal insulation material and traces the physicochemical processes that occur when they are heated under dynamic conditions in a nitrogen atmosphere up to 750 °C.The multi-stage nature of the pyrolysis of the OIH material is shown. The pyrolysis of the first sample is a threestage process. For the second sample, decomposition proceeds in two stages. All stages are endothermic. This indicates the predominance of energy costs for breaking bonds between the organic and inorganic parts and other conclusions.It has been established that the pyrolysis of OIH samples at all stages is carried out according to the mechanism of nucleation and the growth of nuclei (active centers of destruction). Analysis of the IR spectra of the samples showed that both samples were prepared using Desmodur aliphatic isocyanates.Conclusions. The paper studies the chemical structure and physicochemical changes when heating the new group of materials — hybrid organic-inorganic (OIH) heat-insulating materials. The article is a continuation of a team of authors systematic study of a thermal behavior of modern types of polymer thermal insulation.
Facilitators and Barriers to Smart Insulin Pen Use: A Mixed-Method Study of Multidisciplinary Stakeholders From Diabetes Teams in the United States
Authors: Ospelt Emma , Noor Nudrat , Sanchez Janine , Nelson Grace , Rioles Nicole , Malik Faisal S. , Basina Marina , Indyk Justin , Vendrame Francesco , Schmitt Jessica , Scott Mary L. , Ebekozien Osagie 
Published: October 2022

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<p>This study sought to identify barriers and facilitators to successful smart insulin pen (SIP) use and gauge prescribing practices and integration into clinical practice by assessing provider and care team perspectives at participating endocrinology clinics within the T1D Exchange Quality Improvement Collaborative. The identified provider-related, patient-related, and clinic- and operational-level barriers and facilitators varied based on clinic knowledge, capacity, and resources. High-impact barriers included insurance coverage and prescribing processes; high-impact facilitators included improved diabetes clinic visit quality and use of SIPs as an alternative to insulin pump therapy. Findings indicated the need for provider and care team education and training on proper SIP features, use, and prescribing.</p>
Hábitos de consumo y comercio electrónico en millennials de Lima – pandemia COVID-19/2021
Authors: Angulo Espinoza Vanessa Estefanía , Mongrut Tello Patricia del Pilar , Napán Yactayo Ana Cecilia 
Published: October 2022

A nivel mundial, y, específicamente en el Perú como consecuencia de la pandemia por Covid-19, diversos tipos de conducta en el ser humano se vieron modificadas debido a las cuarentenas impuestas por el gobierno. Éstas significaron un cambio estricto en la modalidad en la cual los consumidores adquirían productos o servicios. Los millennials representan el 32,1% de la población de Lima Metropolitana. Éstos tuvieron que adaptar sus hábitos de consumo a las novedades que impuso el comercio electrónico. Es así como a partir del año 2021, el comercio electrónico cobró relevancia ante las restricciones de movilización de personas. Por tanto, desde el punto de vista de este estudio, el objetivo de la investigación considera “determinar si los hábitos de consumo se relacionan con el comercio electrónico en millennials de Lima – Pandemia Covid -19/2021”. Respecto a la metodología, se desarrolló el diseño no experimental, de corte transversal, enfoque cuantitativo y alcance descriptivo correlacional. La muestra fue probabilística calculada a través de la fórmula para proporciones poblacionales finitas con un resultado de 384 personas entre los 23 a 37 años (millennials). Para la obtención de datos se aplicó un cuestionario conformado por 28 ítems para ambas variables. Se trabajó con la prueba de normalidad de Rho de Spearman, encontrando correlaciones positivas bajas. Para la hipótesis general la correlación hallada fue de (r = 0,371) indicando que la relación es baja, concluyendo que los hábitos de consumo se relacionan significativamente con el comercio electrónico en millennials de Lima - Pandemia Covid-19/2021.
Colonial Abandonment and Hurricane María: Puerto Rican Material Poetics as Survivance
Authors: González Melinda 
Published: October 2022

In the wake of Hurricane María, Puerto Ricans in the tropical archipelago and the diaspora engaged in various forms of community organizing to confront governmental and social abandonment. Building on long-term ethnographic research and poetic analysis focused on the work of Puerto Rican poet Ana Portnoy Brimmer, I analyze poets’ critical and creative material practices that confronted histories of colonialism and engaged in forms of survivance post María (Vizenor, 2008). I argue that survivance is poiesis – a creative engagement in and with the world. Through writing and performing poems, Puerto Ricans contested state narratives about the effects of the hurricane, documented their material and diasporic suffering, and made their lives more livable through accessing necessities, such as food and water, building and reconnecting with community, and bearing witness to each other’s lived experiences. Puerto Rican life and experiences are always entangled with their environment and material world. Thus, for Puerto Ricans, survivance as poiesis is a continuous affirmation of life in the face of ongoing disasters and death through material poetic practices.
Finite-Wing and Sweep Effects on Transonic Buffet Behavior
Authors: D’Aguanno Alessandro , Schrijer Ferdinand F. J. , van Oudheusden Bas W. 
Published: October 2022

This study experimentally investigates the effects of the sweep angle and finite wing on transonic buffet, studying two-dimensional (2-D) and three-dimensional wing configurations. Background-oriented schlieren and stereographic particle image velocimetry (PIV) have been used as measurement techniques, performing experiments on an OAT15A airfoil (clamped to both the side windows of the wind tunnel), an unswept wing, and two swept wings with sweep angles of 15 and 30 deg, respectively. The three wings are also based on the OAT15A airfoil and are clamped at the wind tunnel only at their root (free wingtip). All wings have been tested at a constant normal Mach number ([Formula: see text]) with respect to the leading edge. The results show that the buffet oscillations are much stronger for the airfoil than for the three finite-span wings. A large difference in the buffet behavior can be noticed between the airfoil and the unswept wing, as is also seen in oil flow visualizations. This difference is particularly evident in correspondence of the more outboard spanwise locations, suggesting that for the unswept wing, an important role could be played by finite-wing effects: notably, the tip vortex. A spectral analysis has shown that for the swept wings, the classical 2-D buffet peak (occurring at [Formula: see text] for the present conditions) is substantially attenuated, whereas additional contributions in the range of 450–850 Hz appear. The PIV results showed, for the 30 deg sweep angle wing, a periodical occurrence of a secondary supersonic area downstream of the main shock wave structure, which is absent for the other wing models. The stereographic PIV configuration allowed the reconstruction of the spanwise-oriented velocity component, obtaining, in proximity of the trailing-edge, values of the spanwise velocity component ([Formula: see text]) which are in agreement with the spanwise convection of buffet cells observed in the literature in this region.
Doença Hemolítica Perinatal
Authors: Santos José Levy Silva dos , Pinto Ana Paula Oliveira 
Published: October 2022

Objetivo: Analisar de que forma a Doença Hemolítica Perinatal (DHPN) se desenvolve, com enfoque ao sistema RhD; mostrar as consequências da doença hemolítica perinatal, identificar as pacientes suscetíveis e discorrer sobre métodos de profilaxia, levando em consideração o problema de saúde pública em que se encontra. Revisão bibliográfica: A DHPN também chamada de aloimunização está relacionada aos sistemas ABO e Rh, levando a um processo de sensibilização e produção de anticorpos direcionados aos antígenos eritrocitários fetais, desenvolvendo um processo de hemólise e suas repercussões, que pode ser desde anemia até insuficiência cardíaca, hidropisia e, por fim, óbito fetal. A Aloimunização é resultado da síntese de anticorpos maternos contra antígenos presentes nos eritrócitos fetais, por alguma incompatibilidade sanguínea feto materna. Considerações finais: Apesar dos avanços no manejo e tratamento, o mais importante é a prevenção, a fim de se evitar riscos fetais próprios do tratamento, bem como os custos elevados relacionados ao acompanhamento desses casos, até mesmo os desfechos adversos.
Laboratory Study On The Utilization of Jackruit Skin Waste Into Car-boxymethyl Cellulose and Their Effect On The Rheological Properties Of Drilling Mud
Authors: Novrianti Novrianti , Novriansyah Adi , Khalid Idham , Amani Zata Dini 
Published: October 2022

The value rheology of drilling mud must be in accordance with the conditions of wellbore that do not lead to the occurrence of the problems at the time of drilling. One of the efforts to improve the rheology of drilling mud is by adding Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) which is useful for increasing viscosity and binding water. This study aims to identify the effect on the use of CMC originating from jackfruit skin to the rheological properties of drilling mud. Jackfruit skin is an underutilized organic waste and the structure of jackfruit skin contains 50-55% cellulose. Manufacturing phase of synthesizing CMC skin jackfruit includes the process of delignification, alkalization, carboximetilation, and sieve sample to be powdered CMC and subsequently carried out the test of plastic viscosity, yield point , gel strength by using a Fann VG Meter and mud cake using a marsh funnel and volume filtration using a filter press . The added mass of CMC jackfruit skin were varied from 1 g, 2 g, 3 g, 4 g to 5 g. The results suggest that the addition of jackfruit skin CMC has an effect on the rheology of drilling mud. Increasingly many additions additive CMC skin jackfruit who use the increasingly high- value rheology mud drilling were obtained. Furthermore, the addition of CMC jackfruit skin starting from 1gr – 5 gr meets the API 13, a standard for the value of yield point/viscosity plastic, plastic viscosity and maximum volume of filtrate. While the value of gel strength which meets the API 13 A is with the addition of CMC jackfruit skin as much as 5 grams.
Breeding records of the Sooty Tern in Tamaulipas and its distribution on the Gulf of Mexico
Authors: Garza-Torres Héctor A. , Navarro S. Adolfo G. 
Published: October 2022

Registros de anidación de Sterna fuscata en Tamaulipas y su distribución en el Golfo de MéxicoSe mencionan registros de la golondrina marina obscura (Sterna fuscata) en nueve localidades en la Laguna Madre, Tamaulipas, México. Individuos y parejas fueron detectados varias veces en diferentes islas de la zona, siendo registradas cinco parejas andantes en Isla La Coyota el 23 mayo del 2000. También se reportan datos de especímenes obtenidos en la Laguna Madre y Tampico. Los datos aquí presentados sugieren que existen colonias de reproducción dispersas en otras islas en la Laguna Madre y que la distribución de reproducción de la especie en el Golfo de México se extiende a lo largo de la costa norte al menos hasta el centro de Tamaulipas.
Effectiveness of Current Interventions to Alleviate Parental Distress in the NICU: A Rapid Review
Authors: Shudra Darylle , Papathanassoglou Elizabeth , Reichert Amber 
Published: October 2022

Background: The birth of a premature infant and admission to the NICU is often unexpected and traumatic for families, leading to increased distress and can negatively impact parental-infant attachment. Appropriate interventions can help to lessen the negative impact of a NICU admission on families, improving parental mental health, reducing distress, enhancing parent- infant relationships, and improving the long-term physical, cognitive, emotional, and social development of the infant.
Aims: The purpose of this study is to examine and evaluate research evidence on the effectiveness of current interventions for improving parental distress in the NICU.
Methods: A rapid review was conducted utilizing a protocol based on the Virginia Commonwealth University guidance. Keyword searches were conducted on CINAHL, MEDLINE, and PsychINFO, and studies were selected according to pre-defined eligibility criteria, published between January 2015 and January 2020. The literature search included primary studies of interventions with parental stress and/or anxiety reduction as outcomes.
Results: A total of 14 articles were included, evaluating the effectiveness of 13 different interventions, including narrative writing, art therapy, structured nursing interventions, anxiety counselling, spiritual care, organizational change, music therapy, relaxation, and mindfulness techniques. With the Pexception of three, all the studies found significant results in the reduction of stress and/or anxiety levels of the subjects, with mothers having overall higher levels of stress indicated by higher stress scores on standardized measurement tools.
Conclusion: There is a need for ongoing assessment of parental distress and integration of appropriate interventions within the NICU settings. In this review, both individualized and group interventions including narrative writing, art therapy, music therapy, spiritual care, activity-based group therapy, music therapy, audio-assisted relaxation techniques, mindfulness based neurodevelopmental care, cognitive behavioral based counselling, family nurture intervention and a structured nursing intervention were shown to be effective in reducing parental stress and/or anxiety in the NICU. The small scale of the studies included in this review impact generalizability to a broader audience and emphasizes the need for larger scope, multi-center studies at an international level to build on and broaden our level of knowledge on how to better support families and reduce parental distress in the NICU.
CONCEPTS OF GEOLOGICAL DISPOSAL OF RADIOACTIVE WASTE
Authors: Shybetskyi Iu.О. , Shestopalov V.М. , Pochtarenko V.І. , Borysova T.А. , Shurpach N.О. Shurpach 
Published: October 2022

The paper defines the term “concept of geological disposal” of radioactive waste. The international and national experience of the geological disposal concept development is analyzed. The peculiarities of the safety contribution from the natural and engineered barriers of repository for different types of geological formations are described.
It is shown that development of the disposal concept includes the selection of the host formation, determination of the desired geological situation, as well as the list of engineered barriers, taking into account the radwaste inventory.
The development of a geological disposal concept is a mandatory initial step in site selection, as safety concepts differ significantly for different host formations and define different site selection criteria, primarily in terms of depth, thickness and geometric dimensions of the suitable formation.
Engineered barrier systems for different host rocks have almost the same set of components. However, the relative role of engineered barriers differs significantly. This is especially true for the design time of radionuclide containment. In crystalline formations, engineered barriers play a major role in this sense. Their design life is hundreds of thousands of years. Natural barriers provide the conditions for maintaining the tightness of containers as much as possible. In rock salts, the situation is reversed - engineered barriers are designed to facilitate the fastest recovery and preservation of the barrier properties of the host environment. Here, the design life time of the container is hundreds of years. The clay formations has intermediate position: the design life time of the container is tens of thousands of years.
It is shown also that at this stage of research for the Ukrainian conditions the most promising concept of radioactive waste geological disposal is the disposal in Precambrian crystalline formations within the Chornobyl Exclusion Zone. Here the crystalline formations are covered by sedimentary rocks with a developed system of aquifers. These sedimentary rocks can be considered as an additional sorption and filtration barriers.
Only in the case when negative results of safety case development for crystalline formations of Chornobyl Exclusion Zone will be obtained, it is necessary to proceed to a detailed study of other regions and host rocks types.