bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of the SARS-CoV‑2 pandemic on residency training in orthopedics and traumatology in Germany
Authors: Adl Amini Dominik , Herbolzheimer Marit , Lutz Patricia Maria , Lacheta Lucca , Oezel Lisa , Haffer Henryk , Schömig Friederike , Schreiner Anna , Limmer Jonas , Muellner Maximilian 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
The spread of the coronavirus disease has impacted healthcare systems worldwide; however, restrictions due to the SARS-CoV‑2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) pandemic are particularly drastic for physicians in residency training. Imposed restrictions interrupt the standard educational curricula, and consequently limited residents to meet mandatory requirements.

Aim
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of the SARS-CoV‑2 pandemic on residency training in orthopedics and trauma surgery in Germany.

Methodology
An online-based, voluntary, and anonymous survey of physicians in residency training for orthopedics and trauma surgery was conducted. Through email lists of junior physician organizations the survey was sent to 789 physicians. Participation was possible between October and November 2021.

Results
A total of 95 participants (female 41.1%) with a mean age of 31.3 ± 2.8 years were analyzed. In the everyday clinical practice and care 80% of participants thought that they were set back in time of their general training due to the pandemic. There was an average reduction of 25.0% in time spent in the OR and 88.4% agreed that their surgical training was delayed due to the pandemic. Of the respondents 33.6% were able to attend external continuing education courses. Only 4.2% were able to invest more time in research and 55.8% of participants agreed that their residency training will be extended due to the pandemic.

Conclusion
The COVID pandemic has had a significant impact on the residency training in orthopedics and trauma surgery in Germany. In almost all areas of training, residents had to accept restrictions due to the imposed restrictions, which potentially negatively affected their training.
The robustness of glenohumeral centering measurements in dependence of shoulder rotation and their predictive value in shoulders with rotator cuff tears
Authors: Egli Rainer J. , Widmer Emma C. J. , Waltenspül Manuel , Bouaicha Samy , Sutter Reto 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective
De-centering of the shoulder joint on radiographs is used as indicator for severity of rotator cuff tears and as predictor for clinical outcome after surgery. The objective of the study was to assess the effect of malrotation on glenohumeral centering on radiographs and to identify the most reliable parameter for its quantification.
Subjects and methods.
In this retrospective study (2014–2018), 249 shoulders were included: 92 with imaging-confirmed supra- and infraspinatus tears (rupture; 65.2 ± 9.9 years) and 157 without tears (control; 41.1 ± 13.0 years). On radiographs in neutral position and external rotation, we assessed three radiographic parameters to quantify glenohumeral centering: acromiohumeral distance (ACHD), craniocaudal distance of the humeral head and glenoid center (Deutsch), and scapulohumeral arch congruity (Moloney). Non-parametric statistics was performed.

Results
In both positions, only the distance parameters ACHD (< 0.5 mm) and Deutsch (< 1 mm) were comparable in the two study groups rupture and control. Comparing the parameters between the study groups revealed only ACHD to be significantly different with a reduction of more than 2 mm in the rupture group. Among the parameters, ACHD ≤ 6 mm was the only cut-off discriminating rupture (12–21% of the shoulders with ACHD ≤ 6 mm) and control (none of the shoulders with ACHD ≤ 6 mm). Ninety percent of shoulders with ACHD ≤ 6 mm presented with a massive rotator cuff tear (defined as ≥ 67% of the greater tuberosity exposed).

Conclusion
Glenohumeral centering assessed by ACHD and Deutsch is not affected by rotation in shoulders with and without rotator cuff tear. An ACHD ≤ 6 mm has a positive predictive value of 90% for a massive rotator cuff tear.
Evaluation and intention to use the interactive robotic kitchen system AuRorA in older adults
Authors: Perotti Luis , Strutz Nicole 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
The number of older adults in need of care and living at home is increasing in Europe. At the same time, the number of professional caregivers is decreasing. This development reinforces the need for assistive technology to support care recipients in their own homes and promote their independence. One of the main challenges of independent living is the preparation of food. Interactive robots could assist older adults with difficulties performing physically demanding tasks. Within the project AuRorA (full German project title: Wiederverwendbare, interaktive Verhalten für proaktive Roboter im Smart Home), an interactive voice-controlled robot arm was developed as an assistance system in the kitchen.

Objective
The aim of the study was to assess how older adults evaluate the AuRorA system and to collect data on actual willingness to use the technology. Older adults were asked to evaluate the system in terms of usefulness, usability, accessibility and intention to use.

Material and methods
Due to the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the older adults evaluated the system via an online survey. The validated questionnaire Technology Usage Inventory (short: TUI) was used in conjunction with self-developed questionnaires to collect data on study population characteristics.

Results
A total of 106 participants were included in the analysis. The acceptance, usability and usefulness of the system were rated as medium, while the intention to use was rated as low. A significant strong correlation was found between the TUI subscales intention to use and usefulness.

Conclusion
It can be assumed that the actual need of the individual participant for such a robotic assistive system had an influence on the evaluation of the system. The perceived usefulness may have been a crucial influence on the intention to use and the overall assessment of the system.
Sympathetic nerve innervation and metabolism in ischemic myocardium in response to remote ischemic perconditioning
Authors: Kiss Attila , Wu Ping , Schlederer Michaela , Pilz Patrick M. , Szabo Petra Lujza , Li Jingle , Weber Lukas , Vraka Chrysoula , Pichler Verena , Mitterhauser Markus , Zhang Xiaoli , Zins Karin , Abraham Dietmar , Li Sijin , Podesser Bruno K. , Hacker Marcus , Li Xiang 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSympathetic nerve denervation after myocardial infarction (MI) predicts risk of sudden cardiac death. Therefore, therapeutic approaches limit infarct size, improving adverse remodeling and restores sympathetic innervation have a great clinical potential. Remote ischemic perconditioning (RIPerc) could markedly attenuate MI-reperfusion (MIR) injury. In this study, we aimed to assess its effects on cardiac sympathetic innervation and metabolism. Transient myocardial ischemia is induced by ligature of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) in male Sprague–Dawley rats, and in vivo cardiac 2-[18F]FDG and [11C]mHED PET scans were performed at 14–15 days after ischemia. RIPerc was induced by three cycles of 5-min-long unilateral hind limb ischemia and intermittent 5 min of reperfusion during LAD occlusion period. The PET quantitative parameters were quantified in parametric polar maps. This standardized format facilitates the regional radioactive quantification in deficit regions to remote areas. The ex vivo radionuclide distribution was additionally identified using autoradiography. Myocardial neuron density (tyrosine hydroxylase positive staining) and chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPG, inhibiting neuron regeneration) expression were assessed by immunohistochemistry. There was no significant difference in the mean hypometabolism 2-[18F]FDG uptake ratio (44.6 ± 4.8% vs. 45.4 ± 4.4%) between MIR rats and MIR + RIPerc rats (P > 0.05). However, the mean [11C]mHED nervous activity of denervated myocardium was significantly elevated in MIR + RIPerc rats compared to the MIR rats (35.9 ± 7.1% vs. 28.9 ± 2.3%, P < 0.05), coupled with reduced denervated myocardium area (19.5 ± 5.3% vs. 27.8 ± 6.6%, P < 0.05), which were associated with preserved left-ventricular systolic function, a less reduction in neuron density, and a significant reduction in CSPG and CD68 expression in the myocardium. RIPerc presented a positive effect on cardiac sympathetic-nerve innervation following ischemia, but showed no significant effect on myocardial metabolism.
Make it double: identification and characterization of a Tandem-Hirudin from the Asian medicinal leech Hirudinaria manillensis
Authors: Lukas Phil , Melikian Georgij , Hildebrandt Jan-Peter , Müller Christian 
Published: August 2022

AbstractHaematophagous leeches express a broad variety of secretory proteins in their salivary glands, among them are hirudins and hirudin-like factors. Here, we describe the identification, molecular and initial functional characterization of Tandem-Hirudin (TH), a novel salivary gland derived factor identified in the Asian medicinal leech,Hirudinaria manillensis. In contrast to the typical structure of hirudins, TH comprises two globular domains arranged in a tandem-like orientation and lacks the elongated C-terminal tail. Similar structures of thrombin inhibitors have so far been identified only in kissing bugs and ticks. Expression of TH was performed in both cell-based and cell-free bacterial systems. A subsequent functional characterization revealed no evidence for a thrombin-inhibitory potency of TH.
Whole genome assembly of the armored loricariid catfish Ancistrus triradiatus highlights herbivory signatures
Authors: Lemopoulos Alexandre , Montoya-Burgos Juan I. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe catfishAncistrus triradiatusbelongs to the species-rich family Loricariidae. Loricariids display remarkable traits such as herbivory, a benthic lifestyle, the absence of scales but the presence of dermal bony plates. They are exported as ornamental fish worldwide, with escaped fishes becoming a threat locally. Although genetic and phylogenetic studies are continuously increasing and developmental genetic investigations are underway, no genome assembly has been formally proposed for Loricariidae yet. We report a high-quality genome assembly ofAncistrus triradiatususing long and short reads, and a newly assembled transcriptome. The genome assembly is composed of 9530 scaffolds, including 85.6% of ray-finned fish BUSCOs, and 26,885 predicted protein-coding genes. The genomic GC content is higher than in other catfishes, reflecting the higher metabolism associated with herbivory. The examination of the SCPP gene family indicates that the genes presumably triggering scale loss when absent, are present in the scalelessA. triradiatus, questioning their explanatory role. The analysis of the opsin gene repertoire revealed that gene losses associated to the nocturnal lifestyle of catfishes were not entirely found inA. triradiatus, as the UV-sensitive opsin 5 is present. Finally, most gene family expansions were related to immunity except the gamma crystallin gene family which controls pupil shape and sub-aquatic vision. Thus, the genome ofA. triradiatusreveals that fish herbivory may be related to the photic zone habitat, conditions metabolism, photoreception and visual functions. This genome is the first for the catfish suborder Loricarioidei and will serve as backbone for future genetic, developmental and conservation studies.
The efficacy of additional surgical resection after endoscopic resection in pT1b esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: A multi-institutional retrospective study in China
Authors: Xue Xuemin , Sun Qi , Jiang Dongxian , Wang Xinran , Liu Yong , Guo Changyuan , Liu Linxiu , Cheng Na , Wang Guiqi , Liu Yueping , Hou Yingyong , Fan Xiangshan , Xue Liyan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
pT1b esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients treated by endoscopic resection (ER) required additional treatment with surgical resection (SR) or chemoradiotherapy (CRT) according to 2020 Japan Gastroenterological Endoscopy Society (JGES) guideline. Given the evidences for this recommendation were largely based on small-size studies, our study collected 166 cases of ER-treated pT1b patients in order to investigate the efficacy of additional SR as compared to ER-alone treatment.

Methods
A multi-institutional retrospective study in China was conducted. The pT1b ESCC treated by ER + SR (n = 42) and ER-alone (n = 124) from 2007 to 2018 were recruited. Meanwhile, patients with positive lymphovascular invasion (LVI(+)) and/or with positive vertical margin (VM(+)) were put into high-risk group, and those with both VM(−) and LVI(−) were selected into low-risk group. The clinicopathological parameters, lymph node metastasis (LNM), and survival between ER + SR and ER-alone groups were analyzed.

Results
In high-risk group, concurrent LNM revealed in surgically resected specimens accounted for 52.6% cases in ER + SR group. After surgical removal, the incidence of post-resection LNM dropped down to 5.6%. However, in low-risk group, patients with ER + SR treatment did not exhibit any concurrent LNM in surgically resected specimens, and the incidence of their overall LNM was similar to that in ER-alone group (0% vs. 2.8%, p = 1.000). More importantly, these cases demonstrated significantly shorter overall survival (OS) than that in ER-alone group (81.8% and 100.0%, respectively, at 3 years; log-Rank: P = 0.010).

Conclusions
For ER-treated pT1b patients in high-risk group, additional SR is strongly recommended. However, for those in low-risk group, additional SR does not generate much benefit for clearance of LNM, but brings harm to shorten their OS. Therefore, additional SR is not recommended for ER-treated pT1b patient in low-risk group.
Genetic diversity and molecular evolution of sugarcane mosaic virus, comparing whole genome and coat protein sequence phylogenies
Authors: Muhammad Khalid , Herath Venura , Ahmed Khadija , Tahir Muhammad , Verchot Jeanmarie 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV) is a widely distributed potyvirus that causes mosaic disease in sugarcane, maize, sorghum, canna, and other monocot species worldwide. This study used 139 SCMV full-length genome sequences to analyze the phylogenetic relatedness of geographically distinct isolates. The phylogenetic analysis revealed four major groups of SCMV isolates that relate to their primary host. The geographic locations for some isolates appear to be mismatched within the tree, suggesting either that convergent molecular evolution has occurred or that the tree reconstruction produces statistically significant incongruences that create uncertainty in the true evolutionary relationships of these virus isolates. Recombination analysis showed hot spots across most of the genome except in the coat protein (CP) coding region. We examined 161 SCMV CP sequences from the GenBank database, including sequences from samples collected in Pakistan, a region that has not been included in prior phylogenetic studies. These data suggest that the SCMV isolates from sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) predate isolates from all other hosts, regardless of their geographic origins.
Temporal interpolation of groundwater level hydrographs for regional drought analysis using mixed models
Authors: Marchant B. P. , Cuba D. , Brauns B. , Bloomfield J. P. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractLarge-scale studies of the spatial and temporal variation of groundwater drought status require complete inventories of groundwater levels on regular time steps from many sites so that a standardised drought index can be calculated for each site. However, groundwater levels are often measured sporadically, and inventories include missing or erroneous data. A flexible and efficient modelling framework is developed to fill gaps and regularise data in such inventories. It uses linear mixed models to account for seasonal variation, long-term trends and responses to precipitation and temperature over different temporal scales. The only data required to estimate the models are the groundwater level measurements and freely available gridded weather products. The contribution of each of the four types of trends at a site can be determined and thus the causes of temporal variation of groundwater levels can be interpreted. Validation reveals that the models explain a substantial proportion of groundwater level variation and that the uncertainty of the predictions is accurately quantified. The computation for each site takes less than 130 s and requires little supervision. Hence, the approach is suitable to be upscaled to represent the variation of groundwater levels in large datasets consisting of thousands of boreholes.
Distributional properties of continuous time processes: from CIR to bates
Authors: Okhrin Ostap , Rockinger Michael , Schmid Manuel 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we compute closed-form expressions of moments and comoments for the CIR process which allows us to provide a new construction of the transition probability density based on a moment argument that differs from the historic approach. For Bates’ model with stochastic volatility and jumps, we show that finite difference approximations of higher moments such as the skewness and the kurtosis are unstable and, as a remedy, provide exact analytic formulas for log-returns. Our approach does not assume a constant mean for log-price differentials but correctly incorporates volatility resulting from Ito’s lemma. We also provide R, MATLAB, and Mathematica modules with exact implementations of the theoretical conditional and unconditional moments. These modules should prove useful for empirical research.
Two-sided Sequent Calculi for FDE-like Four-valued Logics
Authors: Kooi Barteld , Tamminga Allard 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe present a method that generates two-sided sequent calculi for four-valued logics like first degree entailment (FDE). (We say that a logic is FDE-like if it has finitely many operators of finite arity, including negation, and if all of its operators are truth-functional over the four truth-values ‘none’, ‘false’, ‘true’, and ‘both’, where ‘true’ and ‘both’ are designated.) First, we show that for every n-ary operator ⋆ every truth table entry f⋆(x1,…,xn) = y can be characterized in terms of a pair of sequent rules. Secondly, we use these sequent rules to build sequent calculi and prove their completeness. With the help of two simplification procedures we then show that the 2 ⋅ 4n sequent rules that characterize an n-ary operator can be systematically reduced to at most four sequent rules. Thirdly, we use our method to investigate the proof-theoretical consequences of including intuitive truth-functional implications in FDE-like logics.
Ageing population and society: a scientometric analysis
Authors: Mahmood Muhammad N. , Dhakal Subas P. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe ageing population and society (APS) nexus is one of the key grand challenges of this millennium. And yet, the systematic analysis of scholarly literature on the APS nexus has remained under the radar. This study responds to this gap and employs a quantitative approach through a scientometric analysis of literature on the APS nexus to inform policy discussions and guide future research directions. This study adopts quantitative scientometric methods to examine the APS literature (n = 566) between 2011 and 2020 found in the Scopus database. The analysis reveals key research topics and recognizes the most important articles, authors, publication outlets, institutions, and countries in the field. The findings indicate that while issues such as ageing population, gender, quality of life, and socio-economic aspects of ageing have received significant interest, social exclusion of older adults, age diversity, social policy, and the eldercare workforce have received less attention. As challenges associated with the APS nexus will continue to gain currency in the future, this paper discusses the implications of the findings on (a) future research direction and (b) north-south research collaboration. The analysis shown in this paper should be of interest to scholars and policymakers interested in addressing the challenges associated with the APS nexus.
Leveraging Leadership in Child Welfare Systems: Large-scale Trauma- and Resilience-informed Training Initiative
Authors: Rodriguez Adriana , Fei Zhe , Barrera Wendy A. , Tsao Eugenia H. , Waterman Jill , Franke Todd M. , Mogil Catherine E. , Bonilla Blanca , Cugley Gita Murthy , Gillams Teri , Langley Audra 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Strengthening the infrastructure of public health systems around trauma-informed principles is crucial to addressing the needs of traumatized children in the child welfare system. In fact, many local and state initiatives have focused on large-scale evaluation studies to determine the value of training direct service staff on trauma foundations. Less yet is known about the benefits of training leaders on trauma foundations, which is crucial given their unique influence on implementation decisions. The current study evaluates a trauma training delivered to leadership-level stakeholders through a large-scale training initiative for the Los Angeles County Department of Children and Family Services. Findings indicated that leaders improved in trauma knowledge from baseline to post-training and reported changes in their professional wellbeing and leadership approach after the reflective training component. The leadership trauma program may have positive downstream implications for direct service staff, organizational culture, and child and family outcomes.
An approach for the automatic verification of blockchain protocols: the Tweetchain case study
Authors: Raimondo Mariapia , Bernardi Simona , Marrone Stefano , Merseguer José 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis paper proposes a model-driven approach for the security modelling and analysis of blockchain based protocols. The modelling is built upon the definition of a UML profile, which is able to capture transaction-oriented information. The analysis is based on existing formal analysis tools. In particular, the paper considers the Tweetchain protocol, a recent proposal that leverages online social networks, i.e., Twitter, for extending blockchain to domains with small-value transactions, such as IoT. A specialized textual notation is added to the UML profile to capture features of this protocol. Furthermore, a model transformation is defined to generate a Tamarin model, from the UML models, via an intermediate well-known notation, i.e., the Alice &Bob notation. Finally, Tamarin Prover is used to verify the model of the protocol against some security properties. This work extends a previous one, where the Tamarin formal models were generated by hand. A comparison on the analysis results, both under the functional and non-functional aspects, is reported here too.