bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DEPENDENCE OF METABOLIC DISORDERS ON ALDOSTERONE SYNTHASE CYP11B2 (-344C/T) GENE POLYMORPHISM IN HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS
Authors: Dzhuryak Valentyna , Sydorchuk Larysa , Repchuk Yulia , Semianiv Marianna , Voroniuk Ksenia , Sydorchuk Iryna , Iftoda Oksana , Sydorchuk Ruslan 
Published: June 2022

Objective:
The aim of the study was to analyze the association of CYP11B2 (-344C/T) gene polymorphism with lipids profile and aldosterone level changes in patients with essential arterial hypertension (EAH).

Design and method:
One-hundred subjects with EAH and target-organ damaging (2nd stage), moderate, high or very high cardiovascular risk were involved in the case-control study. Among them 79.0% females and 21.0% males, mean age 59.87 ± 8.02; disease duration from 6 to 25 years. Control group included 48 practically healthy persons of relevant age. Gene polymorphism of aldosterone synthase gene CYP11B2 (-344C/T) was examined by polymerase chain reaction. Lipids’ profile in serum was studied by total cholesterol (TC), high- and low density levels cholesterol (HDL-C, LDL-C), triglycerides (TG) concentration and atherogenic index (AI). Aldosterone plasma concentration was assessed by ELISA.

Results:
The TG level and atherogenic index were higher in T-allele carriers than in CC-genotype of CYP11B2 gene: in patients by 22.61–56.2% (p < 0.05), in control group by 31.16–77.42% (p < 0.05). Contrary, the HDL-C level was lower T-allele carriers in both groups: by 12.23% and 12.95% (p < 0.05) in patients and by 18.34% and 27.22% (p < 0.05) in control group, respectively. Significant differences in lipids profile data between patients and control groups depending on genotypes were not observed. Aldosterone concentration elevated also in T-allele carrier’s patients by 53.62% (p < 0.001) and 26.90% (p = 0.015), than in CC-genotype and was 2.14–2.72 times higher, than in control group (p < 0.001). TG level in CC-genotype males was higher, than in CC-genotype’s women by 68.57% (p = 0.028), but in TT-genotype males HDL-C was reliably lower by 18.40% (p = 0.008) than in TT-carriers’ women with higher atherogenic index by 25.84% (p = 0.031). Otherwise, aldosterone concentration was certainly higher in women, than in men regardless the genotypes of CYP11B2 gene. But aldosterone level prevailed in T-allele carriers of both genders over CC-genotype patients’ data: by 27.01% and 49.64% (p < 0.05) for women and by 20.93% and 43.11% (p < 0.05) for men.

Conclusions:
Thus, TT-genotype or T-allele of aldosterone synthase gene CYP11B2 (-344C/T) associated with higher blood level of triglycerides and aldosterone concentration (especially in females), elevated atherogenic index and lower HDL-C rate (preferably in males).
POLYMORPHISMS NOS3-T-786C IN MACROANGIOPATHIES IN PATIENTS WITH COMBINED HYPERTENSION AND TYPE DIABETES MELLITUS 2
Authors: Shorikova Dina , Shorikov Eugene , Shorikov Pavlo , Ismael Olexandra , Bordiyan Viktor 
Published: June 2022

Objective:
The gene that are responsible for the production of endothelial nitrogen monoxide synthase (NOS3) is considered a candidate gene for the development of hypertension (AH) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) complications.
The aim of the study was to establish the role of allelic polymorphisms NOS3 - T-786C in the development of vascular lesions in patients with hypertension and diabetes mellitus type 2.

Design and method:
The study included 100 patients with hypertension and diabetes mellitus type 2 (main group) and 50 patients with hypertension without type 2 diabetes (control group). All representatives of the experimental and control groups belonged to the general population of Ukrainians in Chernivtsi region (Northern Bukovyna). All patients underwent echocardiography, color duplex scanning of extracranial vessels, duplex scanning of brachiocephalic and femoral vessels.

Results:
In the control group there was no statistical deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. In contrast, the genotype distribution NOS3 gene was characterized by a probable deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Comparison of the frequency of alleles and genotypes was performed using the criterion 2 of maximum likelihood (ML 2). The degree of association of alleles and genotypes with disease or outcomes was assessed in odds ratio (OR) at 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) using the Cochrane-Armitage additive model.
The variability of the -786C allele was associated with an increased risk (2.55-fold increase) of large vessel damage in the examined patients compared with the control. The main group also differed in the level of heterozygosity (OR = 4.27; 95% CI = 1,86 – 9,77; p < 0,05) from the control, which explained the deviation of the frequency of genotypes from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.
Thus, based on data analysis, it can be assumed that allelic polymorphisms of the NOS3 gene can be considered as genetic markers of markers associated with vascular damage.

Conclusions:
Our monolocus analysis of allelic polymorphisms of NOS3-T-786C revealed a significant difference (p < 0,05) in reducing the incidence of ‘protective’ alleles and genotypes in patients with hypertension and diabetes with macrovascular lesions.
THE CHANGES IN VITAMIN D AND IONIZED CALCIUM LEVELS IN PATIENTS WITH ESSENTIAL HYPERTENSION DEPENDING ON THE AGT GENE (RS699) POLYMORPHISM
Authors: Repchuk Yuliya , Sydorchuk Larysa , Semianiv Marianna , Voronyuk Kseniya 
Published: June 2022

Objective:
To analyze the vitamin D and ionized calcium levels in patients with essential arterial hypertension (EAH) depending on AGT gene (rs699) polymorphism.

Design and method:
72 subjects with EAH and target-organ damaging (2nd stage), moderate, high or very high cardiovascular risk were involved in the case-control study. Among them, 70.84% (51) females and 29.16% (21) males, mean age 59.87 ± 7.98 y o. Control group consisted of forty-eight practically healthy individuals with relevant age (49.13 ± 6.28 y o) and sex distribution (62% females, 38% males). AGT (rs699) gene polymorphism was examined by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Intact parathyroid hormone (intact PTH) and vitamin 25 (OH) D levels in blood serum were determined by chemiluminescence immunoassay (MAGLUMI).

Results:
The concentration of ionized Ca2+ in blood in patients with TT-genotype of the AGT gene (rs699) is extremely likely to be lower than in CC-genotype carriers (p = 0.051). In addition, we found that in men with EAH who were T-allele carriers (TT- and TC-genotypes) the level of ionized Ca2+ in blood is probably lower than in women of the corresponding genotypes: 1.14 ± 0.01 vs. 1.17 ± 0.015 mmol/l (p < 0,05) and 1,14 ± 0,01 vs. 1,19 ± 0,02 mmol/l (p < 0,05), respectively. Whereas in the CC-genotype carriers, on the contrary, the level of ionized Ca2+ was higher in men than in women: 1.18 ± 0.01 vs. 1.14 ± 0.015 mmol/l (p = 0.014).
Against this background, the level of vitamin 25 (OH) D in the blood of the AGT gene (rs699) TT-genotype carriers in patients with EAH became lower than in those with the CC-genotype by 16.24% (p = 0.049), and the concentration of intact PTH on the contrary, higher, but incredibly - by 7.30%, which is, in our opinion, a manifestation of compensatory-adaptive reactions of the body aimed at maintaining hormonal-metabolic homeostasis and calcium-phosphorus ion balance. In the control group, the difference in intact PTH was statistically significant, being higher in TT-carriers - by 28.89% and 21.26% (PTT < 0.05).

Conclusions:
One-way ANOVA analysis of variance did not confirm the association of the AGT gene (rs699) with the vitamin D and ionized calcium levels.
CARDIOVASCULAR RISK MARKERS IN PATIENTS WITH STRUCTURAL AND NUMERIC ABERRATIONS OF X CHROMOSOME
Authors: Renna Nicolas , Ramirez Jesica , Diez Emiliano , Ramirez Eliel , Bernasconi Pablo , Echeverria Maria Ines , Miatello Roberto 
Published: June 2022

Objective:
To assess the relationship between RAS, karyotype and cardiovascular risk factors in patients with X chromosome abnormalities.

Design and method:
Observational, prospective study with 7 years of evolution. Inclusion Criteria: Presence of aberrations that affect the number or morphology of the X chromosome in karyotype study. Exclusion Criteria: Those who did not give their informed consent to participate in the study. The detection of Y chromosome sequences was performed. The cardiovascular risk factors present were analyzed. Furthermore, exploration of carotid intimal thickness is by ultrasound was performed. The degree of dynamic endothelial dysfunction in the brachial artery (BMD) was also determined. ACE2 and Angiotensin II genes expression were indirectly evaluated in peripheral blood.

Results:
The monosomy of the X chromosome was the most frequent. There are 57.4% had overweight or obese, 23% had diabetes, 40% had a new diagnosis of hypertension, and 51% had dyslipidemia. In no case, in the patients evaluated with Turner syndrome, was the presence of the Y chromosome sequence found. One patient was found with a short-arm duplication that includes the SHOX gene, evaluated by MLPA. 89% of the patients presented endothelial dysfunction parameters, and 22% presented carotid plaques in the ultrasound study. In multivariate analysis, patients were separated into tertiles, according to the amount of X chromosomal material in the cytogenetic formula to analyze vascular findings. (Table 1)

Conclusions:
Central obesity present in childhood and adolescence could contribute to the early diagnosis of the metabolic syndrome so characteristic in these patients. The presence of hypertension could have relationship with renin-angiotensin system alterations. Women with monosomy are the ones who would most suffer an early lack of the protective effect of ACE2 with its vasodilator, antiproliferative and antifibrotic properties, among others. The vascular alterations were an independent factor of the variables studied.
POST PARTUM HYPERTENSIVE EMERGENCY REVEALING ATYPICAL HEMOLYTIC AND URAEMIC SYNDROME IN TWO SISTERS
Authors: Nawres Ben Tekaya , Sabra Aloui , Meriem Ben Salem , Manel Ben Salah , Mouna Hamouda , Ahmed Letaif , Faouzi Hawala , Habib Skhiri 
Published: June 2022

Objective:
Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) is a rare and severe form of thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) associated with a poor renal prognosis. Atypical hemolytic uraemic syndrome (aHUS) is a form of HUS that has been clearly associated with genetic susceptibility factors related to complement regulation. Pregnancy- and postpartum-associated HUS is now considered as a part of spectrum of complement-mediated HUS. AHUS is a rare cause of malignant hypertension. For this reason we report 02 cases of postpartum aHUS observed in nephrology department.

Design and method:
We analyzed retrospectively the presentation and outcome of 02 sisters who had a malignant hypertension in the period of post-partum with features of hemolytic and uremic syndrome.

Results:
In the two cases, it was a clinical presentation of malignant hypertension needing intravenous treatment with nicardipine associated with severe acute kidney injury (AKI) requiring dialysis at presentation (table).
We underwent plasma exchanges as first-line therapy then relayed by plasma infusions. Kidney biopsy performed in the first sister whose diagnosed in 2018 (with normal platelet count) showed typical features of thrombotic microangiopathy.Complement component assays showed low Factor H (<10%) in 02 cases. They evolved to chronic kidney disease and they have always a severe blood pressure although the combination of 5 antihypertensive medications.

Conclusions:
Post partum -related atypical HUS is a very severe disease, with a poor kidney prognosis and without specific efficacious treatment. Familial aHUS is very rare entity. We reported 02 cases of malignant hypertension which is highly prevalent in this population and it dominates the clinical presentation.
METABOLOMIC CHARACTERIZATION OF THE EARLY PROGRESSION OF CARDIOMETABOLIC DISEASE IN A HIGH FAT AND SUCROSE DIET RAT MODEL
Authors: Pardo-Tendero María Mercedes , Marrachelli Vannina Gonzalez , Morales Jose Manuel , Diaz Ana , Martín-Grau María , Pisoni Serena , Casanova Pilar , Monleón Daniel 
Published: June 2022

Objective:
Metabolomics, which is the latest state-of-the-art omics platform, provides identification and quantitation of all metabolites in a sample, known as the cellular end products of metabolic reactions. These reactions could be a key factor in the development of surrounding complications involved in cardiometabolic disease (CMD). This disease includes a cluster of cardiometabolic risk factors such as obesity, hypertension, fatty liver disease, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Therefore, the study of the metabolism involved at the first stages of development of CMD and identification of potential early biomarkers could be essential in patient management.
The objective is to identify early potential CMD biomarkers with a metabolomic approach based on nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) in non-invasive biological samples.

Design and method:
Male and female Wistar rats, 16 weeks old, were fed with a high-fat and sucrose diet (HFD) for 12 weeks to induce CMD. Blood serum, urine and fecal samples from high-fat fed rats were analyzed by NMR-Metabolomics.

Results:
HFD induced some evidence of the development of CMD in the clinical data. The alterations included an increase in body weight and arterial blood pressure, changes in glycemic and triglycerides levels and lower HDL levels in the HFD group in comparison with control rats. Moreover, liver histology revealed lipid content, suggesting early hepatic damage. In addition, the metabolomic profile showed metabolism differences in the HFD group that affected metabolites involved in different metabolic pathways including host-microbiota co-metabolites. This analysis seems to indicate a correlation between some microbial metabolites with cardiometabolic parameters.

Conclusions:
Gut-Microbiota co-metabolism seems to be involved in the first stages of development of CMD on the host organism and the metabolomics can provide early potential biomarkers in a non-invasive way for sub-clinical CMD detection by NMR.
APO E GENE POLYMORPHISM (C112R, R158C) AND LIPID PROFILE IN HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS
Authors: Otmane Amel , Makrelouf Mohamed , Zenati Akila 
Published: June 2022

Objective:
Apo E is one of the major proteins in plasma lipoproteins rich in triglycerides. It presents a genetic polymorphism controlled by three dominant co-alleles coding for isoforms (Apo E2, Apo E3 and Apo E4).
The aim of this study is to determine the polymorphism of Apo E gene (C112R, R158C) in hypertensive patients, and correlate it with the lipid profile.

Design and method:
This study included 105 hypertensive patients, mean of age (59.60 ± 10.73) years, 69 women (65.71%) and 36 men (34.29%), with complete data on anthropometric indices, fasting lipids: total cholesterol (CT), triglycerides (TG), HDLc and LDLc, smoking status, physical activities and Apo E genotype polymorphism by real time PCR.

Results:
In our series, dyslipidemia was found in 42% of patients, the most prominent lipid abnormalities are elevation of total cholesterol (49.46%), hypertriglyceridemia (39.78%) and hypoHDLemia (60%). The genotypic frequencies were respectively: E3/E3 (75.6%) which is the major allele, followed by E3/E4 (12.55%), E2/E3 (7.20%), E4/E4 (2.30%) and E2/E4 (2.35%). The genotype E4/E4 were not found in our series. The mean serum concentrations of the atherogenic lipids (CT) were significantly increased in heterozygous polymorphism with E2/E3 allele (p = 0.015) and E2/E4 allele (p = 0.017), for LDLc with E2/E3 allele (p = 0.014) and E2/E4 (p = 0.03).

Conclusions:
The preliminary results of our study suggest that Apo E genotyping have an impact on serum lipid parameters. Further studies of interactions between genes and environmental factors will contribute to the understanding of differences of coronary risk amongst ethnic groups.
PREVALENCE AND ASSOCIATED RISK FACTORS OF HYPERTENSION AND PRE-HYPERTENSION AMONG THE ADULT POPULATION: FINDINGS FROM THE DUBAI HOUSEHOLD SURVEY, 2019
Authors: Mamdouh Heba , Alnakhi Wafa , Hussain Hamid , Ibrahim Gamal , Hussein Amal , Mahmoud Ibrahim , Sulaiman Nabil , Alawadi Fatheya , Hassanein Mohamed , Abdullatif Mona , Alabady Kadhim , Farooq Sabya 
Published: June 2022

Objective:
Hypertension prevalence has risen over the last decades around the world. The latest estimates showed that nearly one-third of the adult world population is having hypertension (31.1%, 1.39 billion). Minimal data is available on the prevalence and correlates of hypertension (HTN) and pre-hypertension (PHTN) among adults in Dubai. [1,2].
The study aims to measure the prevalence of HTN and PHTN, and the associated socio-demographics, behavioral risk factors and comorbidities among the adult population of Dubai.

Design and method:
This study used data from the Dubai Household Health Survey, 2019. A cross-sectional population survey based on a complex multistage stratified cluster sampling design. The sample frame of the survey is the population of Dubai. Sampling weights were used for this study to account for sampling design. The total eligible sample included 2,530 adults (include both Emirati and non-Emirati who are 18+). HTN and PHTN were operationally defined according to the diagnostic cut-off points of the WHO criteria [3]. Binary logistic regression model was used to identify factors associated with HTN and PHTN.

Results:
The overall prevalence of HTN in adults was 32.5% (38.37% in males and 16.66% in females). PHTN was prevalent in 29.8% of adults in Dubai (28.85% in males and 32.31% in females). The multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that age groups, gender, occupations, and high Body Mass Index of the participants were significantly associated with a higher risk of HTN. Males, obese and participants enrolled in skilled and service works had higher risk of HTN, compared with the reference groups. For the correlates of PHTN in the present analysis, skilled and service workers and overweight individuals were associated with a higher prevalence of PHTN.

Conclusions:
his study showed a high prevalence of HTN and PHTN among adults in Dubai. Some socio-demographic and behavioral risk factors were identified as correlates of HTN and PHTN. Interventions aiming at increasing public awareness about such risk factors are essential. It is important to reallocate the healthcare services and resources to the groups of higher need among adults in Dubai.
CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND OUTCOME OF KOREAN HYPERTENSION COHORT
Authors: Lee Hae-Young 
Published: June 2022

Objective:
Hypertension is a chronic disease that requires long-term follow-up in many patients. The differences in ethnicity and healthcare resources affect the results of hypertension control. This study evaluated the long-term cardiovascular complications in Asian patients with hypertension compared with controls without hypertension.

Design and method:
This Korean Hypertension Cohort (KHC) enrolled 11,043 hypertensive patients and followed up for more than 10 years. Age and sex-matched controls without hypertension were enrolled at a 1:10 ratio.

Results:
The mean age was 59 years, 50.5% were male, and 34.8% and 16.5% of the patients belonged to the high and moderate cardiovascular risk groups, respectively. Event rates in the hypertensive patients were more than twice those in the population without hypertension. Among 16 combinations of the four SBP and four DBP decile groups, all combinations with DBP < 70 mmHg and most combinations with SBP > 150 mmHg showed a significantly higher risk than the reference group of SBP/DBP of 130–139/80-89 mmHg. Even with normal to mildly elevated SBP (130–149 mmHg), combinations with low DBP (< 70 mmHg) showed significantly higher risk than the reference group.

Conclusions:
This study confirmed the importance of SBP control in patients with hypertension but also raised the importance of DBP in predicting future cardiovascular events.
THE CHRONOLOGY OF ONSET OF TARGET ORGAN DAMAGE IN HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS
Authors: Ouail Djamel Eddine , Tebbani Meriem , Bouali Fayçal 
Published: June 2022

Objective:
The duration of hypertension is a risk factor dependent on damage to target organs
Target organ damage appears at different periods of evolution of the hypertensive pathology.
The objective of our work is to study the age of onset of the various attacks

Design and method:
Prospective study of a cohort of uncomplicated hypertensive patients seen in consultation. The duration of evolution of hypertension is noted in all patients and age categories have been identified as follows Recent discovery hypertension < 1 year, between 1 and 5 years, between 5 and 10 years, between 10 and 20 years and > 20 years.
Organ damage is defined according to the recommendations of the ESH 2018.

Results:
300 patients included in our study. These are 60% women with an average age of 59 years.
Cardiac and ophthalmic attacks are early, they occur during the first 5 years of evolution of hypertension. Vascular damage is early and progressive over the first 20 years of evolution. Kidney damage is late. They occur after 10 years of evolution and are mainly represented by the urinary excretion of albumin A2 and A3. The glomerular filtration rate is long preserved in our series.

Conclusions:
The relationship between the duration of hypertension and damage to target organs is variable, certain pathologies such as left ventricular hypertrophy and carotid stenosing plaques are rather found in hypertensives of less than 5 years of evolution. On the other hand, renal pathologies and the overall profile are more observed in patients between 10 and 20 years of evolution of hypertension.