bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Covid-19 Coping Survey: an In-depth Qualitative Analysis of Free-Text Responses from People With and Without Existing Health Conditions in the UK
Authors: Hewitt Rachael M. , Carrier Judith , Jennings Stephen , Nagorski Lilith , Pattinson Rachael , Anstey Sally , Daniel Rhian , Bundy Chris 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
There is currently a lack of qualitative research exploring how cognitive and emotional reactions to the threat of SARS-CoV-2 affected the health behaviours of people living with and without pre-existing mental and physical health conditions. We aimed to investigate how the threat of SARS-CoV-2 influenced the thoughts, feelings and health behaviours of people with and without pre-existing health conditions in the UK.

Methods
A cross-sectional online survey of UK adults (aged 18 and over). Free-text responses were analysed using a qualitative framework approach guided by the Common-Sense Model of Self-Regulation.

Results
Of the 9110 respondents, 2763 participants provided at least one free-text response. Three main themes were derived from the data. Theme one, locus of control, reports on the extent to which people felt in control during the first wave of the pandemic. Theme two, emotional impact, conveys how individuals felt and how people’s personal circumstances made them more vulnerable to experiencing negative emotions during the pandemic. Theme three, coping strategies, describes common health-protective and health-threatening behaviours performed by individuals, as well as the importance of social connectedness, the social context and the need for collective action during the first national lockdown.

Conclusion
Complex psychological interventions including behaviour change are required to mitigate the psychological burden of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and increase autonomy in people with and without pre-existing conditions during this highly uncertain time. Behavioural scientists can support governments and public health agencies to develop evidence-based communication and behaviour change strategies that support people to address unhelpful beliefs and emotions and strengthen coping abilities as the UK moves through and beyond the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.
Evolution of chromosome number in grasshoppers (Orthoptera: Caelifera: Acrididae)
Authors: Husemann Martin , Dey Lara-Sophie , Sadílek David , Ueshima Norihiro , Hawlitschek Oliver , Song Hojun , Weissman David B. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractOrthoptera have some of the largest genomes of all insects. At the same time, the architecture of their genomes remains poorly understood. Comparative cytological data across a wide range of taxa, even for basic parameters such as chromosome number, may provide important insights into the evolution of these genomes and help answer the question of why some species attained such large genome sizes. We collected and compiled more than 1,000 records of chromosome numbers of 339 genera (13.8% of 2,452 known genera) and 769 species (6.2% of 12,250 known species) of Caelifera, the suborder of Orthoptera that includes those taxa with short antennae. Within the family Acrididae, most of the records come from the subfamilies Oedipodinae (N = 325), Melanoplinae (N = 192) and Gomphocerinae (N = 254). Out of the 621 investigated species of Acrididae, 459 (73.9%) shared a chromosome number of 2n♂ = 23. Chromosome numbers of 2n♂ = 17 (12.2%) and 2n♂ = 21 (9.9%) were less common. The remaining 4.0% of species exhibited different chromosome numbers between 2n♂ = 8 (6 + XY) and 2n♂ = 27. Plotted on a phylogenetic tree, our results confirm that chromosome numbers, especially in the largest grasshopper family Acrididae, are highly conserved with a basic count of 2n♂ = 23 (22 + X0), sometimes reduced to, e.g., 2n♂ = 17 (16 + X0) in some genera of the slant-faced grasshopper subfamily Gomphocerinae. Species with divergent chromosome numbers occur in many of the groups we studied, but are not a systematic trait and have evolved multiple times independently. Our study supports the view that chromosome numbers are much more stable across the investigated Caelifera compared to Ensifera, the second suborder of Orthoptera that includes the long antennae bush crickets and crickets. Our results significantly extend our knowledge on the diversity of this character in Caelifera.
Appraisal of spatial–temporal variation and pollution source estimation of Ganga River system through pollution indices and environmetrics in Upper Ganga basin
Authors: Matta Gagan , Kumar Avinash , Nayak Anjali , Kumar Pawan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractNational river of India, Ganga River, nurturing ecological, economic, and socio-cultural aspects defining the last long history of country. Forming the largest catchment, fulfil the needs of millions of people for fresh water used in domestic, agriculture, commercial and industrial sectors. Therefore, River Ganga is always the center of attraction to the administrative authorities, institutions, academicians and researchers for its quality issues. The periodically examination of the river water quality for its conservation, restoration or rejuvenation is essential and conducted by many researcher on different quality aspects. The aim of the present investigation is to estimates the spatio-temporal variability in the Ganga River System's hydrology in upstream regions in the Himalayan Region of Uttarakhand state, India. The result clearly explains considerable variation in water quality index (WQI: 29.39–71.60) screening seasonal variation, defining the deterioration of water quality (WQ) of Ganga River from good to moderate polluted level through the overall index of pollution (OIP). Moreover, principal component analysis (PCA) has implied to identify the pollution sources. The PCA generates seven components and contributes (85.1%) to influencing river water's hydrochemistry. These outcomes give detailed information to understand the water quality affecting factors in the Ganga River system. The management and remedial practices are an urgent task required to conserve WQ in the upstream region to check WQ's further deterioration in the future.
Bounds for mixing times for finite semi-Markov processes with heavy-tail jump distribution
Authors: Georgiou Nicos , Scalas Enrico 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Consider a Markov chain with finite state space and suppose you wish to change time replacing the integer step index n with a random counting process N(t). What happens to the mixing time of the Markov chain? We present a partial reply in a particular case of interest in which N(t) is a counting renewal process with power-law distributed inter-arrival times of index

$$\beta $$

β

. We then focus on

$$\beta \in (0,1)$$

β
∈
(
0
,
1
)

, leading to infinite expectation for inter-arrival times and further study the situation in which inter-arrival times follow the Mittag-Leffler distribution of order

$$\beta $$

β

.
Frequency-based ensemble forecasting model for time series forecasting
Authors: Saeed Waddah 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe M4 forecasting competition challenged the participants to forecast 100,000 time series with different frequencies: hourly, daily, weekly, monthly, quarterly, and yearly. These series come mainly from the economic, finance, demographics, and industrial areas. This paper describes the model used in the competition, which is a combination of statistical methods, namely auto-regressive integrated moving-average, exponential smoothing (ETS), bagged ETS, temporal hierarchical forecasting method, Box-Cox transformation, ARMA errors, Trend and Seasonal components (BATS), and Trigonometric seasonality BATS (TBATS). Forty-nine submissions were evaluated by the organizers and compared with 12 benchmarks and standards for comparison forecasting methods. Based on the results, the proposed model is listed among the 17 submissions that outperform the 12 benchmarks and standards for comparison forecasting methods, ranked 15th on average and 4th with the weekly time series. In addition, a further comparison was conducted between the proposed model and other forecasting methods on forecasting EUR/USD exchange rate and Bitcoin closing price time series. It is apparent from the results that the proposed model can produce accurate results compared to many forecasting methods.
Benefits and Risks of Clays and Clay Minerals to Human Health From Ancestral to Current Times: A Synoptic Overview
Authors: Gomes Celso , Rautureau Michel , Poustis Julia , Gomes Jorge 
Published: February 2022

AbstractClay, or more precisely, certain clay typologies, have been used traditionally by humans for therapeutic, nutritional, and skin-care purposes though they may be responsible for some relatively rare but significant health and skin-care risks. For example, clay particles could adsorb and make available for elimination or excretion any potential toxic elements or toxins being ingested or produced, but they could also adsorb and make available for incorporation, through ingestion or through dermal absorption, toxic elements, e.g. heavy metals. Geophagy has been observed in all parts of the world since Antiquity, reflecting cultural practices, religious beliefs, and physiological needs, be they nutritional (dietary supplementation) or as a remedy for disease. Some clays and clay minerals are employed widely in both the pharmaceutical and cosmetics industries as active compounds/agents and as excipients. In the biomedical field, some clay minerals such as halloysite and montmorillonite are known for their effective role as carriers for the control and sustainable delivery of active drug molecules, and in the biomaterials field some clay minerals are used for scaffold, hydrogel, foam, and film production. Constraints, both chemical and microbiological, on the use of clay-based products for therapeutic and cosmetic topical applications are generally imposed by sanitary regulations, and some solutions are proposed herein to control and reduce such restrictions. Particular emphasis is placed here on peloids and pelotherapy, as well as on manipulated and modified peloids, and specifically on tailored peloids or ‘designed and engineered’ peloids, and their derivatives, bactericidal peloids and ointments. As far as the so-called ‘killer clays’ are concerned, their pre-requisites, mechanisms of action, and disinfection role are also enhanced. Podoconiosis is an environment-related or geochemical disease that occurs in tropical highland areas, and is caused by long-term exposure of bare feet to volcanic, red-clay soil and affects some people, particularly those working in agriculture in some regions of Africa, Asia, and South America.
A Theory of a State? How Civil Law Ended Legal Pluralism in Modern Egypt
Authors: Ayoub Samy A. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractʿAbd al-Razzāq al-Sanhūrī (d. 1971), the father of the Egyptian legal code, theorized a relationship between dīn (religion) and dawla (state) that was key to his project. In this relationship, al-Sanhūrī posited a delineation between the spheres of dīn and dawla that allowed him to map these categories onto the existing distinction between matters of ʿibādāt (acts of worship) and muʾāmalāt (transactions) in Islamic law (fiqh). I propose that Islamic jurisprudential distinctions between ʿibādāt and muʿāmalāt—for al-Sanhūrī—was the ideal medium to maintain and police the borderlines between religion and state in the postcolonial Egyptian state. Al-Sanhūrī's objective was to keep the domain of dīn outside of state sanction and to facilitate a transition whereby the state's legal institutions assumed exclusive lawmaking powers based on its own independent legal reasoning in Islamic law (ijtihād). I argue that al-Sanhūrī was a committed comparatist, not a reformer of Islamic law. Al-Sanhūrī's legal project should be viewed as a faithful commitment to French comparative law as a method of legal inquiry and a reflection of his nationalist agenda of creating a unified legal order that cannot exist without relying upon indigenous forms of law and culture. Al-Sanhūrī saw Khedival legal pluralism as an obstacle for national sovereignty. As a result of the institutional and legal readjustments from the 1920s through 1950s in Egypt, al-Sanhūrī did not see a future for Islamic law in the emerging legal state apparatus outside of civil law strictures and insisted that Islamic courts and religious tribunals for Jews and Christians must be subsumed under nationalized secular state courts.
Two-type linear-fractional branching processes in varying environments with asymptotically constant mean matrices
Authors: Wang Hua-Ming , Yao Huizi 
Published: February 2022

AbstractConsider two-type linear-fractional branching processes in varying environments with asymptotically constant mean matrices. Let
$\nu$
be the extinction time. Under certain conditions, we show that both
$\mathbb{P}(\nu=n)$
and
$\mathbb{P}(\nu>n)$
are asymptotically the same as some functions of the products of spectral radii of the mean matrices. We also give an example for which
$\mathbb{P}(\nu=n)$
decays with various speeds such as
${c}/({n^{1/2}\log n)^2}$
,
${c}/{n^\beta}$
,
$\beta >1$
, which are very different from those of homogeneous multitype Galton–Watson processes.
Learning Targets: Policy Paradigms and State Responses to the Anticorruption Transnational Advocacy Network Campaign in Guatemala
Authors: Fuentes Alberto 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACTScholarship on Transnational Advocacy Networks (TANs) increasingly recognizes that even weak states targeted by TANs may respond, and subvert, transnational norm socialization campaigns. It examines both the conditions conducive to such responses and the range of policy instruments available to these states. Yet this emerging work lacks a robust, contextualized account for how states devise the strategy and the content of their responses. This article builds on the policy-learning literature to elucidate the process through which states construct their antiTAN approaches. It suggests that states’ policy paradigms in the field of domestic security largely shape those responses, with different paradigms offering distinct priorities and instruments. The comparison of the divergent impact of the Guatemalan state’s contrasting responses to two similar legal-political challenges, undertaken in the context of the same anticorruption TAN campaign, illustrates the argument.
Movement as Matter: A Practice-Based Inquiry into the Substance of Dancing
Authors: D'Amato Alison 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis article approaches dance through the lens of new materialist theories (speculative realism, object-oriented ontology, thing theory, posthumanism, etc.), considering the possibility that objecthood need not align with inertness and movement need not be excluded from the realm of the substantive. Deploying a practice-based methodology informed by participation in works by Simone Forti and Maria Hassabi, as well her own movement investigation, the author considers theoretical positions that counter the persistent association of dance with ephemerality while also broadly questioning the relationship between dance and theory.
Unmaking Contact: Choreographic Touch at the Intersections of Race, Caste, and Gender
Authors: Mitra Royona 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis article interrogates “contact,” understood by Global North contemporary dance discourse as choreography that is mobilized by shifting points of physical touch between two or more bodies, by attending to inherent, and often ignored, power asymmetries that are foundational to such choreographic practices. This “unmaking of contact” is undertaken by deploying the lenses of race, caste, and gender in order to argue for an intersectional, intercultural and inter-epistemic understanding of “choreographic touch” that may or may not involve tactility. It starts by examining contact improvisation (CI), and its now ubiquitous choreographic manifestation of partnering, as an aesthetic that can work in colonizing ways on South Asian dancers who train in primarily solo classical dance forms. The article then moves on to place South Asian bodies, philosophies, and discourses at the heart of its interrogation of choreographic touch, and foregrounds the culturally specific politics and powers that govern them.
Trajectory risk cognition of ship collision accident based on fusion of multi-model spatial data
Authors: Liu Tao , Wang Shuo , Lei Zhengling , Zhang Jinfeng , Zhang Xiaocai 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWhen conducting accident analysis, the assessment of risk is one of the important links. Moreover, with regards to crew training, risk cognition is also an important training subject. However, most of the existing researches only rely on a single or a few data sources. It is necessary to fuse the collected multi-source data to obtain a more comprehensive risk evaluation model. There are few studies on the three-dimensional (3D) multi-modal data-fusion-based trajectory risk cognition. In this paper, a fuzzy logic-based trajectory risk cognition method is proposed based on multi-model spatial data fusion and accident data mining. First, the necessity of multi-model spatial data fusion is analysed and a data-fusion-based scene map is constructed. Second, a risk cognition model fused by multiple factors, multi-dimensional spatial calculations as well as data mining results is proposed, including a novel ship boundary calculation approach and newly constructed factors. Finally, a radar chart is used to illustrate the risk, and a risk cognition system is developed. Experiment results confirm the effectiveness of the method. It can be applied to train human operators of unmanned ship systems.
Voice, Body Cues and Facial Expression in Emotion Recognition of Spanish Children and Adolescents: The Validation of Bell-Lysaker Emotion Recognition Test
Authors: García-Guerrero M. Acebo , Peña Javier , Zubiaurre-Elorza Leire , Benítez Danele , Hernández Anais M. , Oribe Ainara , Ojeda Natalia 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Emotion recognition has been traditionally measured trough the recognition of emotional expressions of static faces. Studies suggest that emotion recognition is progressively acquired from early stages in our infancy. However, the literature regarding other emotional domains such as voice or body movements is scarce. Additionally, the number of tools that integrate several domains is limited, especially in children and adolescents, and none of them tested in Spanish samples. Therefore, this study aimed to define the psychometric properties of the Bell-Lysaker Emotion Recognition Task (BLERT) and a new-designed alternate version providing normative data in Spanish children and adolescents (from 8 to 15 years old corresponding to 3th). Moreover, we aim to describe the emotional acquisition trajectory of children and adolescents with a tool that integrates voice, face expressions and body movements. For that purpose, BLERT was translated into Spanish (BLERT–SI) and an alternate version was created (BLERT–SII). A total of 545 children and adolescents from 8 to 15 year-old participated in the study (250 male/295 female). All participants fulfilled BLERT–SI and BLERT–SII within two weeks of difference. Order of presentation was counterbalanced. Results showed that BLERT–SI and SII have good internal consistency (α = .70 and 71 respectively). Test-retest reliability showed a moderate correlation (r = .45; p < .001). Percentages equivalences per age are provided. Age correlated with BLERT–SI (r = .31; p < .001) and BLERT–SII (r = .21; p < .001), showing a progressive acquisition and development of emotion recognition during this period. BLERT–SI and SII are useful tools when studying the follow-up of children and adolescents.
A One‐Dimensional Lake Model in ECCC's Land Surface Prediction System
Authors: Garnaud C. , MacKay M. , Fortin V. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn most of Environment and Climate Change Canada's (ECCC) current operational systems, inland water physical processes are simulated using a simple water scheme. Water surface temperatures and ice cover fractions are updated daily using analyses. However, ECCC recognizes the need for interactive lakes in its weather and environmental prediction systems, such as those used to forecast surface conditions and floods. As a first step toward this goal, the current study evaluates the impact of the Canadian Small Lake Model (CSLM) in an offline context on surface water temperature, ice phenology and near‐surface atmospheric conditions. The use of CSLM increases lake surface temperatures and decreases its RMSE during ice‐free months, which has a direct impact on the 2‐m air temperature by reducing the cold bias observed in the simulation without CSLM, particularly over larger lakes. CSLM improves ice cover in subgrid lakes, while having a neutral impact on intermediate lakes. On large lakes, CSLM tends to degrade ice cover simulation in southernmost lakes, while improving ice cover in northernmost lakes. The increased lake ice cover in CSLM, particularly over subgrid lakes and in the northern latitudes, has a strong impact on humidity fluxes at the surface during wintertime with a near‐interruption of evapotranspiration over lakes. In summertime, increased water temperature with CSLM leads to a 38% increase in evapotranspiration. With these results, it is expected that the synergy of CSLM and lake‐related observations will improve the simulation and initialization of lake conditions in ECCC's systems.
Mutual Coupling Reduction in a Patch Antenna Array Based on Planar Frequency Selective Surface Structure
Authors: Mandal Santimoy , Ghosh Chandan Kumar 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn this article, mutual coupling has been reduced in the microstrip antenna array by using frequency selective surface (FSS). Here we have taken two microstrip antennas of dimension 65 × 45 mm2 each and a properly designed FSS of dimension 11 × 10 mm2 is inserted in between two patches. By using this array structure mutual coupling of 50 dB is reduced by means of the introduction of FSS. We have also studied cross polarization radiation of the patch antenna using FSS. Here also a reduction of orthogonal radiation of 15 dBi has been achieved. We have studied all parameters of the antenna structure and found that there is no any significant difference of antenna parameters (like return loss, efficiency, radiation pattern etc) with and without FSS. The simulations of the antenna parameter have been done by using IE3D electromagnetic simulator and the measurements are done by using 2N2230 vector network analyzer and automated anechoic chamber. A good agreement between simulated and measured result has been observed in this study.
Single skyrmion true random number generator using local dynamics and interaction between skyrmions
Authors: Wang Kang , Zhang Yiou , Bheemarasetty Vineetha , Zhou Shiyu , Ying See-Chen , Xiao Gang 
Published: February 2022

AbstractMagnetic skyrmions are of great interest to both fundamental research and applications in post-von-Neumann computing devices. The successful implementation of skyrmionic devices requires functionalities of skyrmions with effective controls. Here we show that the local dynamics of skyrmions, in contrast to the global dynamics of a skyrmion as a whole, can be introduced to provide effective functionalities for versatile computing. A single skyrmion interacting with local pinning centres under thermal effects can fluctuate in time and switch between a small-skyrmion and a large-skyrmion state, thereby serving as a robust true random number generator for probabilistic computing. Moreover, neighbouring skyrmions exhibit an anti-correlated coupling in their fluctuation dynamics. Both the switching probability and the dynamic coupling strength can be tuned by modifying the applied magnetic field and spin current. Our results could lead to progress in developing magnetic skyrmionic devices with high tunability and efficient controls.