bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Machine learning-based prediction of insufficient contrast enhancement in coronary computed tomography angiography
Authors: Lopes R. R. , van den Boogert T. P. W. , Lobe N. H. J. , Verwest T. A. , Henriques J. P. S. , Marquering H. A. , Planken R. N. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Objectives
Patient-tailored contrast delivery protocols strongly reduce the total iodine load and in general improve image quality in CT coronary angiography (CTCA). We aim to use machine learning to predict cases with insufficient contrast enhancement and to identify parameters with the highest predictive value.

Methods
Machine learning models were developed using data from 1,447 CTs. We included patient features, imaging settings, and test bolus features. The models were trained to predict CTCA images with a mean attenuation value in the ascending aorta below 400 HU. The accuracy was assessed by the area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) and precision-recall curves (AUPRC). Shapley Additive exPlanations was used to assess the impact of features on the prediction of insufficient contrast enhancement.

Results
A total of 399 out of 1,447 scans revealed attenuation values in the ascending aorta below 400 HU. The best model trained using only patient features and CT settings achieved an AUROC of 0.78 (95% CI: 0.73–0.83) and AUPRC of 0.65 (95% CI: 0.58–0.71). With the inclusion of the test bolus features, it achieved an AUROC of 0.84 (95% CI: 0.81–0.87), an AUPRC of 0.71 (95% CI: 0.66–0.76), and a sensitivity of 0.66 and specificity of 0.88. The test bolus’ peak height was the feature that impacted low attenuation prediction most.

Conclusion
Prediction of insufficient contrast enhancement in CT coronary angiography scans can be achieved using machine learning models. Our experiments suggest that test bolus features are strongly predictive of low attenuation values and can be used to further improve patient-specific contrast delivery protocols.

Key Points
• Prediction of insufficient contrast enhancement in CT coronary angiography scans can be achieved using machine learning models.
• The peak height of the test bolus curve is the most impacting feature for the best performing model.
Efficient removal of Pb (II) from water solution using CaFe2−x−yGdxSmyO4 ferrite nanoparticles
Authors: Saeid Y. A. , Ateia Ebtesam E. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractRare-earth doped calcium nano ferrites (CaFe2−x−yGdxSmyO4; x = y = 0.0; x = 0.025, y = 0.05) are synthesized by citrate nitrate auto combustion method. The prepared samples are characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy (FTIR), high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM), and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) analyses. After that, the samples were examined for Pb (II) ions removal from the water solution. The orthorhombic structure with space group Pnma is ratified from XRD. The average crystallite size of the synthesized powders is estimated from the broadening of the XRD lines in the range of 18–21 nm. FTIR confirms the molecular signature of the samples. The magnetic property is discussed based on super exchange interactions. The hysteresis loop shows two different magnetic behaviors of the investigated sample as well as increasing the coercivity from 14 to 240 G due to the doping. The electrical parameters are discussed in the basic hopping charge model, while the conduction mechanism of the samples will be discussed based on de-Boer and Verwey. The experimental results are subjected to kinetic and isotherm analyses. The Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms describe the adsorption of heavy metal ions as designated by the high correlation coefficient (R2). The use only 4 mg of the doped sample with low price ferrite nanoparticles has been utilized for 99.31% removal of Pb (II) from wastewater at a contact time of 10 min at room temperature.
Does health technology assessment compromise access to pharmaceuticals?
Authors: Büssgen Melanie , Stargardt Tom 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn response to rapidly rising pharmaceutical costs, many countries have introduced health technology assessment (HTA) as a ‘fourth hurdle’. We evaluated the causal effect of HTA based regulation on access to pharmaceuticals by using the introduction of Germany’s HTA system (AMNOG) in 2011. We obtained launch data on pharmaceuticals for 30 European countries from the IQVIA (formerly IMS) database. Using difference-in-difference models, we estimated the effect of AMNOG on launch delay, the ranking order of launch delays, and the availability of pharmaceuticals. We then compared the results for Germany to Austria, Czechia, Italy, Portugal, and the UK. Across all six countries, launch delays decreased from the pre-AMNOG period (25.01 months) to the post-AMNOG period (14.34 months). However, the introduction of AMNOG consistently reduced the magnitude of the decrease in launch delay in Germany compared to the comparator countries (staggered DiD: + 4.31 months, p = 0.05). Our logit results indicate that the availability of pharmaceuticals in Germany increased as a result of AMNOG (staggered logit: + 5.78%, p = 0.009). We provide evidence on the trade-off between regulation and access. This can help policymakers make better-informed decisions to strike the right balance between cost savings achieved through HTA based regulation and access to pharmaceuticals.
The influence of trophic status and seasonal environmental variability on morpho-functional traits in tropical man-made shallow lakes
Authors: Vanderley Rayane F. , Becker Vanessa , Panosso Renata , Ger Kemal A. , Padisák Judit 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn the tropics, seasons are delimitated by the extent of rainfall resulting in seasonal differences in water parameters shaping phytoplankton community dynamics. Dry periods can intensify eutrophication and often result in seasonal or even perennial cyanobacterial dominance. This study was developed to evaluate phytoplankton response to trophic state and seasonal differences of environmental filters (dry and rainy periods) using the morphology-based functional groups (MBFG) approach. We also aimed at identifying environmental thresholds of each MBFG dominance in six man-made lakes located in the tropical semiarid region of Brazil. Our results showed clear MBFG association with lakes’ trophic states. The dominant groups in mesotrophic conditions were members of MBFGs V (unicellular flagellates) and VI (non-flagellated with a siliceous exoskeleton), and in meso-eutrophic MBFG IV (medium size without specialized traits) dominated. Conversely, MBFG VII (with mucilage and aerotopes) and VIII (nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria) dominated mostly under eutrophic conditions, though linked to shallower euphotic zones. Light and phosphorous were the most important environmental thresholds associated with MBFG’s dominance. Overall, most of the lakes displayed seasonal differences in environmental filters. In contrast to what was expected, the rainy season was associated with higher nutrients, suspended solids, and reduced euphotic depth compared to the dry season. Our results, overall, show that the effects of seasonality varied across lakes and highlight eutrophication as the main environmental factor for MBFG selection suggesting reduced seasonality effects during dry years in the tropics.
In praise of triads
Authors: Scerri Eric R. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe article begins with a response to a recent contribution by Jensen, in which he has criticized several aspects of the use of triads of elements, including Döbereiner’s original introduction of the concept and the modern use of atomic number triads by some authors including myself. Such triads are groups of three elements, one of which has approximately the average atomic weight of the other two elements, as well as having intermediate chemical reactivity. I also examine Jensen’s attempted reconstruction Mendeleev’s use of triads in predicting the atomic weights of three hitherto unknown elements, that were subsequently named gallium, germanium and scandium. The present article then considers the use of atomic number triads, in conjunction with the phenomenon of first member anomaly, in order to offer support for Janet’s left-step periodic table, in which helium is relocated into group 2 of the table. Such a table features triads in which the 2nd and third elements of each group, without fail, fall into periods of equal length, a feature that is absent in the conventional 18-column or the conventional 32-column table. The dual sense of the term element, which is the source of much discussion in the philosophy of chemistry, is alluded to in further support of such a relocation of helium that may at first appear to contradict chemical intuition.
Phase transformation and incompatibility at grain boundaries in zirconia-based shape memory ceramics: a micromechanics-based simulation study
Authors: Wang Zhiyi , Lai Alan , Schuh Christopher A. , Radovitzky Raúl 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Zirconia-based shape memory ceramics (SMCs) exhibit anisotropic mechanical response when undergoing elastic deformations as well as during austenite–martensite phase transformation. This behavior results in different types of strain incompatibility at grain boundaries, which we study here using a micromechanical model. A single-crystal model is implemented to provide a full mechanistic three-dimensional description of the anisotropic elastic as well as martensitic transformation stress–strain response, including non-Schmid behavior caused by the significant volume change during martensitic transformation. This model was calibrated to and validated against compression tests of single-crystal zirconia micro-pillars conducted previously, and then used to model bi-crystals. Upon the introduction of a grain boundary, the simulation provides detailed information on the nucleation and evolution of martensite variants and stress distribution at grain boundaries. We identify bi-crystal configurations which result in very large stress concentrations at very low deformations due to elastic incompatibility, as well as others where the elastic incompatibility is relatively low and stress concentrations only occur at large transformation strains. We also show how this approach can be used to explore the misorientation space for quantifying the level of elastic and transformation incompatibility at SMCs grain boundaries.

Graphical abstract
Micromechanics models provide insights on grain boundary elastic and phase transformation strain incompatibility in shape memory zirconia
Resource-Building Processes Across Life Domains: Father-Child Interactions as Starting Points for Resource Caravans
Authors: Klumb Petra L. , Lee Soomi , Siegler Sebastian , Piskernik Bernhard , Jensen Regina , Voelkle Manuel C. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIn two studies, we examined preconditions of resource-building processes between family and work. Focusing on positive father-child interactions, we investigated positive mood states as links between the two life domains. Fathers employed in information technology (N1 = 59) and the retail sector (N2 = 75) participated in micro-longitudinal studies, both for eight consecutive workdays. Study 1 revealed that fathers with more positive interactions with a child also reported more positive mood states and fathers with more positive mood states perceived more social resources from their supervisor during the week. The indirect effect was small but significant. In Study 2, multilevel structural-equation models did not find indirect effects at the within-person level but did show that positive father-child interactions after work were related to fathers’ positive mood states before going to bed and positive mood in the morning predicted perceived social resources from supervisors (but not from coworkers) in the forenoon. There were also positive effects of perceived social resources from supervisors on positive mood states, after work. But these did not translate into an increase in positive father-child interactions, in the evening. Hence, only single elements were supported but not the overall resource caravan.
The Development of Maternal Psychological Control in Early Adolescence: Maternal, Youth, and Neighborhood Antecedents
Authors: Trang Duyen T. , Yates Tuppett M. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractDespite abundant research documenting negative associations between parental psychological control and youth adjustment, little is known about precursors of parental psychological control. The current study evaluated maternal, youth, and neighborhood predictors of changes in maternal psychological control across the transition to adolescence. Mother-youth dyads (N = 211, 50.2% female children; 46.4% Latinx, 17.5% Black, 11.4% white, and 24.7% multiracial) reported on maternal psychological control at youth ages 10 and 12. Controlling for youth ethnicity and race, family income-to-needs, and prior levels of maternal psychological control at age 10, structural equation models showed that maternal problems (i.e., anxiety, alcohol dependence, caregiving helplessness) predicted increases and youth externalizing problems (e.g., attention problems, rule-breaking) predicted decreases in maternal reports of psychological control. Neighborhood risks (i.e., poverty, crime, single-parent households) predicted increases in youth reports of maternal psychological control. Exploratory analyses by gender indicated that neighborhood risks predicted decreases in maternal reports of psychological control for girls, but increases in maternal reports of psychological control for boys. This study identified specific antecedents of maternal psychological control that can be targeted in future intervention efforts to reduce negative parenting to promote positive youth development.
Potential of Group-Based Negotiation to Promote Learner-Based Reasoning and Weighting of Arguments on Socioscientific Issues
Authors: Jafari Maria , Meisert Anke 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
This study analyzes the potential of group-based negotiation processes based on changes in reasoning and argument weighting for a socioscientific issue (SSI) in biology classes. In the corresponding pre- and post-study, students were encouraged to reason and weight arguments about the conservation of local biodiversity before and after a group-based negotiation. For this purpose, the students employed a target-mat structuring tool for compensatory reasoning and weighting in both the individual pre- and post-phases and the group phase. To identify changes in reasoning after group-based negotiation, the use of argumentative resources, i.e., fact-based and normative resources, was assessed. When the students added confirming reasons for arguments, they were more likely to use fact-based resources. When refuting the initial reasoning, the students tended to add normative resources. Furthermore, individual changes in weightings and their relationship to the group weighting were calculated. This analysis revealed that the students changed their weightings toward the group weighting. The results are discussed in terms of the potential of negotiations to cause students to revise and rethink their reasoning and weighting in addressing SSIs and the particular potential of the target-mat instructional tool for structured decision-making.
World Environment Day: Understanding Environmental Programs Impact on Society Using Twitter Data Mining
Authors: Zarrabeitia-Bilbao Enara , Rio-Belver Rosa-María , Alvarez-Meaza Izaskun , Martínez de Alegría-Mancisidor Itziar 
Published: June 2022

AbstractEnvironmental sustainability awareness has encouraged the promotion of a number of environmental programs and initiatives and, accordingly, the use of social networks for the dissemination and support of these initiatives has grown significantly. Thus, the purpose of the work is to understand United Nations World Environment Day (WED) programs impact on the digital public debate using Twitter data mining. For that, an ad hoc methodology is designed to provide it to authorities and organizations that wish to analyze the impact of different initiatives or programs on society. All in all, the research carried out analyzes more than 400,000 tweets sent during the 2021 edition of the WED. The tweets have been processed using Big Data techniques and Social Network Analysis. The research reveals that the WED was a trending topic initiative that was discussed in positive terms, where collective sentiment was shown. The topics covered dealt with the event day and the different initiatives related to restoration of ecosystems. However, it is noted that: there is no coordinated action by the institutions, groups or individuals involved in the conversation and the initiative tends towards homophily; digital mobilization is mostly centered in the host country (Pakistan) and, above all, in the neighboring country (India) and, the conspicuous absence of the business sphere in the discussion.
Implementing environmental labelling of food products in France
Authors: Hélias Arnaud , van der Werf Hayo M. G. , Soler Louis-Georges , Aggeri Franck , Dourmad Jean-Yves , Julia Chantal , Nabec Lydiane , Pellerin Sylvain , Ruffieux Bernard , Trystram Gilles 
Published: June 2022

AbstractConsumers increasingly demand information about the environmental impacts of their food. The French government is in the process of introducing environmental labelling for all food products. A scientific council was set up, and its main conclusions are presented in this article, through six questions: What environmental issues should be considered? What objective should be targeted? What data are needed, and for whom? What methods for assessing environmental impacts? Which environmental scores should be chosen? What label format should be proposed? By answering these questions and considering the context, the available data, the proposed methods and adjustments, and the knowledge of consumer perception of formats, the scientific council considers that a labelling scheme is feasible and relevant.
The benefits of banks’ IT investments in times of trouble: evidence from loan loss accruals during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Sefried Moritz , Riepe Jan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMotivated by diverging results from the literature, we investigate whether investments in information technology (IT) help banks to assess their loan portfolio. More specifically, we focus on the consequences of accumulated expenses for data processing on banks’ ability to estimate their loan loss accruals. We further test for differences when the banks’ borrowers get hit by the economic trouble from the COVID-19 pandemic. Using a sample of US commercial banks before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, we find more precise estimates of loan loss accruals during these troublesome times in banks that accumulated higher data processing expenses. Surprisingly, we do not find significant differences in the precision of loan loss accruals by banks’ IT investments during normal times. Our findings contribute to consolidate previously diverging results by showing that IT investments help banks following a structural break, such as the COVID-19 pandemic.
Nearly nonstationary processes under infinite variance GARCH noises
Authors: Zhang Rong-mao , Liu Qi-meng , Shi Jian-hua 
Published: June 2022

AbstractLet Yt be an autoregressive process with order one, i.e., Yt = μ + ϕnYt−1 + εt, where [εt] is a heavy tailed general GARCH noise with tail index α. Let $${{\hat \phi }_n}$$

ϕ
^

n

be the least squares estimator (LSE) of ϕn For μ = 0 and α < 2, it is shown by Zhang and Ling (2015) that $${{\hat \phi }_n}$$

ϕ
^

n

is inconsistent when Yt is stationary (i.e., ϕn ≡ ϕ < 1), however, Chan and Zhang (2010) showed that $${{\hat \phi }_n}$$

ϕ
^

n

is still consistent with convergence rate n when Yt is a unit-root process (i.e., ϕn = 1) and [εt] is a GARCH(1, 1) noise. There is a gap between the stationary and nonstationary cases. In this paper, two important issues will be considered: (1) what about the nearly unit root case? (2) When can ϕ be estimated consistently by the LSE? We show that when ϕn = 1 − c/n, then $${{\hat \phi }_n}$$

ϕ
^

n

converges to a functional of stable process with convergence rate n. Further, we show that if limn→∞kn(1 − ϕn) = c for a positive constant c, then $${k_n}({\hat \phi _n} - \phi )$$

k
n

(

ϕ
^

n

−
ϕ
)

converges to a functional of two stable variables with tail index α/2, which means that ϕn can be estimated consistently only when kn → ∞.
Evaluation of Cadmium or Lead Exposure with Nannochloropsis oculata Mitigation on Productive Performance, Biochemical, and Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Barki Rams
Authors: Hassan Marwa A. , Mahmoud Yasmina K. , Elnabtiti A. A. S. , El-Hawy A. S. , El-Bassiony Moharram Fouad , Abdelrazek Heba M. A. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis study was designed to determine the lead or cadmium exposure of Barki rams and the beneficial role of Nannochlorposis oculata (N. oculata) 4% as a feed supplement, as well as its mitigating role against these elements’ impacts concerning performance, biochemical markers of liver enzymes and kidney function, thyroid hormone activity, and oxidative stress markers. Six groups of 36 Barki rams (33.63 ± 1.29 kg) were divided into G1: which served as control; G2: was given 4% dietary N. oculata; G3: was given oral 1 mg/kg cadmium chloride; G4: was given 5 mg/kg/day lead acetate; G5: was given oral 1 mg/kg cadmium chloride and 4% dietary N. oculata, and G6: was given oral 5 mg/kg/day lead acetate and 4% dietary N. oculata; and treatments were continued for 60 days. Cadmium and lead-exposed groups exhibited lower and weaker weight gain as well as feed conversion ratio, respectively, than the control and other groups. Additionally, levels of T3, T4, total proteins, albumin, and glutathione (GSH) were significantly reduced in both G3 and G4 compared to control. However, urea, creatinine, ALT, AST, total cholesterol, triglycerides, protein carbonyl content (PCC), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were significantly increased (P ≤ 0.05) in cadmium and lead-exposed groups. Dietary N. oculata (4%) improves serum proteins, creatinine, urea, T4, and oxidative stress indicators as compared to the control group. Finally, 4% dietary N. oculata greatly enhances the investigated parameters in terms of performance, thyroid hormones, serum biochemical, and antioxidant activity and may assist in reducing the endocrine disrupting effects of Pb and Cd.
Arthroscopic Treatment of Mild/Borderline Hip Dysplasia with Concomitant Femoroacetabular Impingement—Literature Review
Authors: Atzmon Ran , Safran Marc R 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose of Review
This literature review aims to survey the current knowledge about the management FAI in the setting of borderline hip dysplasia.

Recent Findings
With better understanding, hip arthroscopy has recently been advocated for treating mild or borderline hip dysplasia (BDH) with concomitant femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) despite early studies that condemned its use. Recent outcome data have demonstrated that hip arthroscopy is a viable option in BDH, with and without FAI, and has been gaining wider acceptance. Hip arthroscopy can address the concomitant soft tissue and bony intra-articular pathologies and obviate the necessity for other surgeries. Moreover, hip arthroscopy may be used as an adjuvant treatment to other procedures such as a periacetabular osteotomy (PAO).

Summary
Hip arthroscopy for BDH is an evolving procedure with promising short- and mid-term outcomes. The combination of BDH and FAI is becoming recognized as a problem in its own right, requiring dedicated treatment.