bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Human-elephant conflict: Identifying factors behind retaliatory killings of the National Heritage animal of India in terms of electrocution in a shared landscape
Authors: Ghosh Soumyajit , Das Rana , Das Dipankar , Nandy Subrata , Das Tulsi , Sonker Gaurav , Dash Suraj Kumar 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Human–elephant conflict (HEC), because of its dynamic attributes, is a persistent problem across the distributional range of elephants in Asia and Africa, crippling elephant conservation and human development. Hence, a robust understanding of the issue became fundamental before initiating conservation initiatives. In this context, we investigated 25 retaliatory killings (by electrocution) cases of elephants (Elephas maximus) and assessed local's attitudes (209) in a shared landscape of India. Quantitative analysis was conducted to analyse electrocution trends, whereas binomial logistic regression was for local attitudes. Adults and sub-adult elephants were primarily victimised irrespective of their sex, particularly in the conflict hotspot areas during major cropping seasons. Despite the prevalence of human-elephant conflicts, most respondents (60%) had a positive attitude towards elephants. Concomitantly 54% were disappointed with forest officials, indicating that human-human conflict, rather than HEC, might play a significant role in impeding the conservation of endangered species in the shared landscape.
D-xylose accelerated death of pentose metabolizing Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Nijland Jeroen G. , Zhang Xiaohuan , Driessen Arnold J.M. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Rapid and effective consumption of D-xylose by Saccharomyces cerevisiae is essential for cost-efficient cellulosic bioethanol production. Hence, heterologous D-xylose metabolic pathways have been introduced into S. cerevisiae. An effective solution is based on a xylose isomerase in combination with the overexpression of the xylulose kinase (Xks1) and all genes of the nonreductive branch of the pentose phosphate pathway. Although this strain is capable of consuming D-xylose, growth inhibition occurs at higher D-xylose concentrations, even abolishing growth completely at 8% D-xylose. The decreased growth rates are accompanied by significantly decreased ATP levels. A key ATP-utilizing step in D-xylose metabolism is the phosphorylation of D-xylulose by Xks1. Replacement of the constitutive promoter of XKS1 by the galactose tunable promoter Pgal10 allowed the controlled expression of this gene over a broad range. By decreasing the expression levels of XKS1, growth at high D-xylose concentrations could be restored concomitantly with increased ATP levels and high rates of xylose metabolism. These data show that in fermentations with high D-xylose concentrations, too high levels of Xks1 cause a major drain on the cellular ATP levels thereby reducing the growth rate, ultimately causing substrate accelerated death. Hence, expression levels of XKS1 in S. cerevisiae needs to be tailored for the specific growth conditions and robust D-xylose metabolism.
Impact of pupil size upon the quality of vision in patients implanted with an implantable collamer lens (ICL V4c): A pilot study
Authors: Zhang Qing , Huang He , Wu Yi , Qin Guanghao , Li Liangzhe , Chen Jiayan , Che Huixin , Yao Tao , Yan Chunhong , Xu Ling , Moore Jonathan E , He Wei , Yu Sile , Pazo Emmanuel Eric , He Xingru 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to assess the influence of pupil size on subjective visual quality in subjects with implanted collamer lenses (ICLs).
Methods: This retrospective study assessed eyes implanted with ICL (V4c) and categorized them into incremental groups according to pupil size. Preoperative and postoperative photopic and mesopic pupil size, uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), and quality of vision (QoV) questionnaire score were assessed and compared.
Results: Post-operatively at 3-months the mean QoV score for day and night was 9.34 ± 0.76 and 8.58 ± 1.29 respectively. The mean mesopic pupil size (MPS) and mean photopic pupil size (PPS) was 6.59 ± 0.79 mm and 4.61 ± 0.74 mm respectively. PPS negatively correlated with “QoV day” (Rs = -0.413, P=0.001), positively correlated with “haloes” (Rs = 0.568*, P<0.001) and "blurred vision" (Rs = 0.243, P = 0.04) respectively. MPS negatively correlated with “QoV night” (Rs = -0.426, P=0.001), positively correlated with "haloes" (Rs = 0.624*, P < 0.001), "starburst" (Rs = 0.233, P=0.046) and "difficulty focusing" (Rs = 0.27, P = 0.025) respectively.
Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that increasing pupil size has a negative correlation on the subjective visual quality (QoV) for day and night scores. Smaller pupil size had better QoV night scores suggesting further investigation is needed.
UHPLC-HRMS-based Metabolomic and Lipidomic Characterization of Glioma cells in Response to Anlotinib
Authors: shi yingying , Li Zhuolun , Du Qiuzheng , Li Wenxi , Liu Jiyun , Jia Qingquan , Xue Lianping , Zhang Xiaojian , Sun Zhi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Anlotinib, as a promising oral small-molecule antitumor drug, its role in glioma has been only reported in a small number of case reports. Therefore, anlotinib has been considered as a promising candidate in glioma. The aim of this study was to investigate the metabolic network of C6 cells after exposure to anlotinib and to identify anti-glioma mechanism from the perspective of metabolic reprogramming. Firstly, CCK8 method was used to evaluate the effects of anlotinib on cell proliferation and apoptosis. Secondly, ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS)-based metabolomic and lipidomic were developed to characterize the metabolite and lipid changes in cell and cell culture medium (CCM) caused by anlotinib in the treatment of glioma. As a result, anlotinib had concentration-dependent inhibitory effect with the concentration range. In total, twenty-four and twenty-three disturbed metabolites in cell and CCM responsible for the intervention effect of anlotinib were screened and annotated using UHPLC-HRMS. Altogether, seventeen differential lipids in cell were identified between anlotinib exposure and untreated groups. Metabolic pathways, including amino acid metabolism, energy metabolism, ceramide metabolism, and glycerophospholipid metabolism, were modulated by anlotinib in glioma cell. Overall, anlotinib has an effective treatment against the development and progression of glioma, and these remarkable pathways can generate the key molecular events in cells treated with anlotinib. Understanding metabolic reprogramming and studying the mechanism of metabolic changes is expected to provide a new strategy for the treatment of glioma.
A two-step approach-machine learning, variational autoencoder, and weighted gene co-expression network analysis identify key signature genes and pathways implicated in active visceral leishmaniasis
Authors: Verma Ram Nayan , Subbarao Naidu , Singh Gajendra Pratap 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Leishmania donovani, a kinetoplastid parasite causingleishmaniasis, is an opportunistic parasitic pathogen that affects immunocompromised individuals and is a common cause ofKala-azar. Specific parasite molecules can be delivered into host epithelial cells and may act as effector molecules for intracellular parasite development. So, there is a need to develop new approaches to understanding the interaction between the host and the pathogen. In our study, we built a weighted gene co-expression network using differentially expressed genes obtained through analysis of leishmaniasis-infected patients. Our goal was to identify key signature genes and pathways associated with visceral leishmaniasis infection by network biology analysis which can identify the most influential genes in the gene co-expression interaction network. We identified five prominent genes, IFNG, SC5D, LSM1, CMC2, and SAR1B, with higher interamodular connectivity, as the key signature genes. A deep neural network model- variational autoencoder was utilized to create new features, and a support vector machine validated the key signature genes. These key signature genes are involved in various biological processes like cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, TGF-beta signaling pathway, antigen processing and presentation, IL-17 signaling pathway, Th1 and Th2 cell differentiation, and T-cell receptor signaling pathway. Besides, we also identified 04 significant miRNAs targeted with key signature genes, includinghsa-miR-340-5p, hsa-miR-325-3p, hsa-miR-182-5p, hsa-miR-1271-5p/hsa-miR-96-5p. Further, analysis of the differentially expressed genes revealed that many critical cellular responses were triggered by visceral leishmaniasis infection, including immune responses and inflammatory and cell apoptosis. We get FDA-approved anti-inflammatory agentsEmapalumabandMethylprednisoloneas a re-proposed drug for leishmaniasis cure. Our study can enhance the understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of visceral leishmaniasis infection and have implications for the plan and execution of mRNA expression tools to support early diagnostics and treatment of visceral leishmaniasis infection.
Organocatalyzed-Aerobic Oxidation of Arylboronic Acids toward the Synthesis
of Phenolic Derivatives
Authors: Singh Laimujam Sidartha , Banerjee Sourav , Saha Indranil , Malakar Chandi Charan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract:
An effective organocatalyzed ipso-hydroxylation of arylboronic acids for the preparation
of phenol derivatives has been demonstrated. The elucidated phenomenon relies on the catalytic
performance of 3-nitropyridine under the influence of sub-stoichiometric quantities of KOtBu
employing aerobic conditions in DMSO solvent. This method excludes the excess usage of oxidizing
agents and bases by providing a user-friendly synthetic tool for the preparation of phenols. It
was acclaimed that the 3-nitropyridine acts as an oxygen transferring agent from in situ generated
hydrogen peroxide to boronic acid derivatives to furnish the desired molecules. The required hydrogen
peroxide was in situ generated from aerial oxygen by the KOtBu-mediated single electron
transfer process. The described process is applicable to a variety of arylboronic acids for the preparation
of phenols in good yields with considerable resistance of functional moiety.
Ameliorating Effects of Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) on Nicotine
Dependence and Quality of Life in Smokers
Authors: Anggadiredja Kusnandar , Amalia Lia , Haq Fahmy Ahsanul 
Published: November 2022

Background:
Safer and effective alternatives to manage nicotine dependence are still
required. Preliminary studies have shown the potential of virgin coconut oil (VCO) to be used in
dependence treatment.

Objective:
To assess the VCO effect administered for 14 days on nicotine dependence and quality of life.

Methods:
Forty smoking subjects participated in an open-label, single-center, pre/post-intervention
study, and were required to take 15 ml VCO twice daily for 14 days. They were evaluated with the
Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) for nicotine dependence intensity and EuroQolvisual
analogue scales (EQ VAS) for quality of life.

Results:
The VCO regimen improved FTND (0.53 points decrease, p<0.05) and EQ-VAS (5.85 points
increase p<0.01) scores. Adverse events were all mild.

Conclusion:
Results of the present study suggest that VCO has the potential to be a safe and effective
adjunct therapy for the management of nicotine dependence.
Impact of Pregnancy on the Prognosis of COVID-19 in Women Hospitalized at the National Reference Center for Patients Infected with SARS-CoV-2 in a Resource-limited Country
Authors: Kotosso Awèréou , Douaguibe Baguilane , Bawe Lidaw D. , Patassi Akouda A. , Assenouwe Sarakawabalo , Aziagbe Koffi A. , Tsevi Yaovi M. , Abaltou Bawoubadi , Zouwera Sesso , Watara Gani , Macamanzi Laroutoki , Adjoh Komi S. , Wateba Majesté I. , Djibril Awalou M. 
Published: November 2022

Aim:
The aim of the study was to reduce morbidity and mortality associated with COVID-19 in pregnant women.

Background:
Since the detection of the first case of COVID-19 on March 6, 2020, in Togo, pregnant women have received special attention due to their usual vulnerability to infection.

Objective:
The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of pregnancy on the prognosis of COVID-19 in patients hospitalized in Lomé.

Methods:
This was an analytical cross-sectional study of women of childbearing age (15-49 years) admitted between March 22, 2020, and December 31, 2021, to the Lomé Commune Regional Hospital, a national referral center for COVID-19 patients.

Results:
We registered 438 women of childbearing age, including 31 pregnant women (7.1%). Pregnant women were younger (28.8 years vs. 34.2 years, p = 0.001). Asthenia was more common in pregnant women (38.7% vs. 20.6%, p = 0.025), and SpO2 was lower (88.6% vs. 94%, p= 0.016%). Pregnancy was not associated with the occurrence of severe forms nor with prolonged hospitalization. Independent risk factors for mortality were 3rd trimester of pregnancy, mean age > 34 years, diabetes, HIV, and obesity.

Conclusion:
Most symptoms were similar to those observed in the general population. However, in addition to comorbidities, complications in the third trimester of pregnancy have worsened the prognosis for COVID-19. These results corroborate the observations made in the subregion. However, it is important to assess the effect of COVID-19 on pregnancy outcomes.
Oral Peroxisome Proliferator–Activated Receptor-α Agonist Enhances Corneal Nerve Regeneration in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Teo Calesta Hui Yi , Lin Molly Tzu-Yu , Lee Isabelle Xin Yu , Koh Siew-Kwan , Zhou Lei , Goh Dylan Shaoying , Choi Hyungwon , Koh Hiromi Wai Ling , Lam Amanda Yun Rui , Lim Paik Shia , Mehta Jodhbir S. , Kovalik Jean-Paul , Coffman Thomas M. , Tan Hong Chang , Liu Yu-Chi 
Published: November 2022

Diabetic corneal neuropathy (DCN) is a common complication of diabetes. However, there are very limited therapeutic options. We investigated the effects of a peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor-α (PPAR-α) agonist, fenofibrate, on 30 patients (60 eyes) with type 2 diabetes. On in vivo confocal microscopy evaluation, there was significant stimulation of corneal nerve regeneration and a reduction in nerve edema after 30 days of oral fenofibrate treatment, as evidenced by significant improvement in corneal nerve fiber density (CNFD) and corneal nerve fiber width, respectively. Corneal epithelial cell morphology also significantly improved in cell circularity. Upon clinical examination, fenofibrate significantly improved patients’ neuropathic ocular surface status by increasing tear breakup time along with a reduction of corneal and conjunctival punctate keratopathy. Tear substance P (SP) concentrations significantly increased after treatment, suggesting an amelioration of ocular surface neuroinflammation. The changes in tear SP concentrations was also significantly associated with improvement in CNFD. Quantitative proteomic analysis demonstrated that fenofibrate significantly upregulated and modulated the neurotrophin signaling pathway and linolenic acid, cholesterol, and fat metabolism. Complement cascades, neutrophil reactions, and platelet activation were also significantly suppressed. Our results showed that fenofibrate could potentially be a novel treatment for patients with DCN.
No difference in implant survival between 28-mm M2a RingLoc metal-on-metal and metal-on-polyethylene total hip arthroplasty: results from the Finnish Arthroplasty Register
Authors: Palomäki Antton , Hemmilä Matias , Matilainen Markus , Eskelinen Antti , Haapakoski Jaason , Puhto Ari-Pekka , Kettunen Jukka , Pamilo Konsta , Manninen Mikko , Vasara Anna , Mäkelä Keijo T 
Published: November 2022

Background and purpose: Long-term outcome of small head (28 mm) metal-on-metal (MoM) total hip arthroplasty (THA) is available mainly for Metasul devices (Sulzer Medica, Winterthur, Switzerland). Biomet MoM THA was frequently used in Finland. Therefore, we assessed long-term survivorship of the M2a 28-mm RingLoc MoM THA (Biomet, Warsaw, IN, USA) and compared it with the metal-on-polyethylene (MoP) RingLoc THA from the same manufacturer.Patients and methods: We conducted a register study based on THAs from the Finnish Arthroplasty Register performed between January 1, 2000 and December 31, 2007. 290 28-mm head M2a MoM THAs and 1,647 28-mm head MoP THAs (reference group) were included. The endpoint was revision for any reason, or revision for aseptic loosening, osteolysis, liner wear, or metallosis as one group. Kaplan–Meier survival estimates were calculated, and revision risks were assessed using a Cox multiple regression model, both with 95% confidence intervals (CI).Results: No difference was found in the 15-year Kaplan–Meier survivorship between the 28-mm head M2a RingLoc MoM THA and the reference group for any reason for revision (87.7% [82.9–92.1] and 83.3% [81.0–85.3], respectively). The adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for any reason for revision for the MoM THA group compared with the reference group was at least equal or better (0.70 [0.48–1.02]). Both groups presented similar survival for revision for aseptic loosening of the cup, osteolysis, liner wear, or metallosis, at 96.2% (92.7–98.0) and 95.4% (93.9–96.5), respectively.Interpretation: In the long-term survival there was no difference between the M2a 28-mm RingLoc MoM THA and 28-mm MoP THA. Further follow-up regimens for M2a 28-mm RingLoc THA patients may be unnecessary, but long-term metal ion and radiological data is needed before any formal suggestions.
The Concept of Restorative Justice in Handling Crimes in the Criminal Justice System
Authors: Awaliah Nasution Nurul Putri , Hamdani Fathul , Fauzia Ana 
Published: November 2022

Settlement of criminal cases through restorative justice, focusing directly on perpetrators, victims, and the community in the process of resolving criminal cases, Formulation of the problem how the concept of restorative justice in criminal law reform and prospects for the formulation of restorative justice in criminal law reform, using normative research methods. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the concept of restorative justice can become permanent legal politics in building the national criminal law system in the future. The draft Criminal Code has accommodated the principle of restorative justice participation as a method of resolving problems outside the court, so it is very possible if the concept of restorative justice is used as a criminal law reform in Indonesia in the future and the prospects for the formulation of restorative justice in criminal law reform have been adapted in Indonesian law by the existence of regulations made by law enforcement, where the principle of restorative justice regulated in the internal provisions of case settlement from law enforcement and it is implemented sectoral and doesn’t use a criminal law policy theory approach, namely the renewal of criminal law through the formation of laws and restorative justice theory as a whole, namely as the approach to the concept of restorative justice. The response to a restorative justice settlement has received a positive appreciation from the community and law enforcement officials. It is suggested the need to accommodate the settlement of criminal cases through restorative justice against criminal acts in the Criminal Procedure Code and the Criminal Code that will come with certain conditions. Such a process also needs to be applied at all stages of the examination, starting from the investigation, prosecution, and trial.
White Feminism and Carceral Industries: Strange Bedfellows or Partners in Crime and Criminology?
Authors: DesLandes Ann , Longbottom Marlene , McKinnon Crystal , Porter Amanda 
Published: November 2022

In this article, we examine the existing policy and academic literature on punitive responses to gender-based and family violence, focusing, in particular, on women’s police stations. Specialist women’s police stations have been a feature of policing in Argentina, Brazil, and other South American as well as Central American countries since the late 1980s. They are considered to be a phenomenon of ‘the global South’, having also been set up in some African and Asian countries including Sierra Leone and India. In this article, we critique research on women’s police stations as well as the public discourse within which women’s police stations are being proposed as a solution to domestic violence – looking at questions of research design, methodology, empiricism, ethics, and criminological claims to knowledge or ‘truth’. We reflect on the significant dangers posed by the potential transfer of women’s police stations to the Australian context, especially for sovereign Indigenous women and girls. Finally, we critique what we see as deep-seated contradictions and anomalies inherent in ‘southern theory’ and white feminist carceralism.
Local Characterisation and Detection of Woven Fabric Texture Based on a Sparse Dictionary
Authors: Wu Ying , Wang Ren , Lou Lin , Wang Lali , Wang Jun 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
To achieve enhanced accuracy of fabric representation and defect detection, an innovative approach using a sparse dictionary with small patches was used for fabric texture characterisation. The effectiveness of the algorithm proposed was tested through comprehensive characterisation by studying eight weave patterns: plain, twill, weft satin, warp satin, basket, honeycomb, compound twill, and diamond twill and detecting fabric defects. Firstly, the main parameters such as dictionary size, patch size, and cardinality T were optimised, and then 40 defect-free fabric samples were characterised by the algorithm proposed. Subsequently, the impact of the weave pattern was investigated based on the representation result and texture structure. Finally, defective fabrics were detected. The algorithm proposed is an alternative simple and scalable method to characterise fabric texture and detect textile defects in a single step without extracting features or prior information.
Antifungal Activity of Finished Chromium Tanned Leather Containing Thyme and Tea Tree Essential Oils
Authors: Gendaszewska Dorota , Wionczyk Barbara , Bednarek Agata , Boniecki Paweł 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Leather products provide an ideal environment for microbial growth. In order to prevent the appearance and spread of various types of microorganisms, it is treated with selected biocides and even essential oils. The aim of this paper was to investigate the antifungal activity of selected essential oils applied to finished chromium tanned leather which is intended for leather fancy products. Antifungal activity was evaluated according to the PN-EN 14119: 2005 standard. Four finished chromium tanned leathers were tested, each of which was soaked in the following essential oils: tea tree essential oil at a concentration of 1, 2 and 5% and thyme essential oil at concentration of 1, 2 and 5%. The results obtained indicated that leather finishing with thyme essential oil showed the antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus niger, Chaetomium globosum and Candida albicans strains. The application of 5% thyme essential oil to leather samples inhibited the growth of all strains tested. Using tea tree essential oil on leather samples showed a antimicrobial effect only against Candida albicans. The application of essential oils in the leather finishing process may be an alternative to biocides used in the tanning industry.