bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Traitement de la maladie de Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada : Une revue narrative de la littérature
Authors: Kadir Ibrahim Mamadou Abdoul , Oumarou Amadou , Moussa Udou-Daouda 
Published: February 2022

Non-traumatic, exudative, bilateral panuveitis associated with extraocular manifestations, Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease (VKH) is an autoimmune disease mediated by Th1 lymphocytes reacting against melanocytes. It is a rare disease with female predominance. VKH disease is a diagnostic and therapeutic emergency. Treatment is based mainly on early and aggressive corticosteroid therapy to shorten the duration of the disease, prevent progression to chronicity, and reduce the incidence of extraocular manifestations. It is a corticosteroid-responsive disease, but unfortunately, relapses in the form of anterior uveitis are not rare, mainly at the time or at the end of tapering of corticosteroids. In these situations, or in case of intolerance to prolonged corticosteroid therapy, the use of conventional immunosuppressive agents or immunomodulatory drugs able to suppress the lymphocyte response is recommended. Intravenous immunoglobulins may also be used in patients with relapse or attack of the disease. In the present study, we performed a narrative literature review to summarize the different therapeutic aspects of VKH in the form of treatment algorithm.
Panuvéite bilatérale non traumatique, exsudative, associée à des manifestations extraoculaires, la maladie de Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) est une maladie auto-immune médiée par les lymphocytes Th1 réagissant contre les mélanocytes. C’est une maladie rare à prédominance féminine. La maladie de VKH est une urgence diagnostique et thérapeutique. Le traitement repose essentiellement sur une corticothérapie précoce et agressive avec possibilité de dégression progressive lente sur plusieurs mois, afin deraccourcir la durée de la maladie, d’empêcher la progression vers la chronicité, et de réduire l’incidence des manifestations extraoculaires. C’est une maladie corticosensible, mais malheureusement des rechutes sous forme d’uvéite antérieure ne sont pas rares, principalement au moment ou en fin de dégression de la corticothérapie. Dans ces situations ou en cas d’intolérance à la corticothérapie prolongée, le recours aux immunosuppresseurs conventionnels ou médicaments immunomodulateurs capables de supprimer la réponse lymphocytaire est de règle. Les immunoglobulines intraveineuses peuvent également être proposées chez les patients présentant une rechute ou une poussée de la maladie. Dans la présente étude, nous réalisons une revue narrative de la littérature en décrivant les différents aspects thérapeutiques de la maladie de VKH afin de les résumer sous forme d’un algorithme thérapeutique.
Phytochemical and antibacterial activity of Mangifera indica Linn (Mango) bark and leaf extracts on bacteria isolated from domestic wastewater samples
Authors: Omotayo O.E. , Oladipo G.A. , Adekunle D.O. , Akinola O.T. 
Published: February 2022

Background: Wastewaters generated from ubiquitous use of water in daily human activities often contains various pathogenic microorganisms, which may contaminate surface or ground waters when released indiscriminately into the environment. Consumption of natural water resources polluted by such contaminated wastewaters may compromise public health and decrease the populations of aquatic organisms in such water bodies. Mangifera indica (mango) plants have been widely used as remedy for treatment of a wide range of water borne ailments. This study was therefore conducted to identify bacteria contaminating wastewaters from domestic sources and to determine the antibacterial potentials of mango bark and leaf extracts against them. Methodology: Wastewater samples were obtained from the wash areas of five randomly selected female hostels in Bowen University, Iwo, Osun State, Nigeria. Bacteria in the wastewater samples were isolated by standard aerobic cultures and identified using conventional biochemical test schemes. The antimicrobial activities of the methanol extracts of M. indica leaf and bark, and a standard antibiotic (tetracycline), were determined by the modified disc diffusion test. Phytochemical analysis of the extracts was determined by standard method, and the active compounds in them were analyzed by FT-IR spectroscopy using Agilent technologies FT-IR spectrometer at a scan range of 4,000-600 cm-1. Results: The bacterial species isolated from the wastewater samples included Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Salmonella spp, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae, with E. coli the most frequent (35.7%) and K. pneumoniae the least frequent (7.1%). Leaf extract (30µg) of M. indica exerted high antimicrobial activity against Salmonella spp (inhibition zone diameter of 15mm) while the bark extract exerted high antimicrobial activity against P. aeruginosa (inhibition zone diameter of 13mm). Comparatively, tetracycline (30µg) exerted highest antimicrobial activity against Salmonella spp (inhibition zone diameter of 18mm) but no activity against P. aeruginosa (inhibition zone diameter of 0 mm). The FT-IR analysis confirmed the presence of several functional groups with antimicrobial potentials such as flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, saponins, phenols, and phytosterols.Conclusion: These results indicate the antibacterial potential effects of M. indica leaf and stem bark extracts against some bacterial isolates, and thus may be recommended for biological treatment of water contaminated by wastewater sources.
Nasopharyngeal temperature probes: is South Africa’s current decontamination process adequate?
Authors: Davids R. , Cilliers C. 
Published: February 2022

Background: The standard practice in many institutions incorporates nasopharyngeal probes for temperature monitoring in patients undergoing general anaesthesia. Current disinfection guidelines for these devices are not clear and they are poorly adhered to. In South Africa, these temperature probes are reused and subjected to unstandardized decontamination processes. This study sought to investigate nasopharyngeal temperature probes as possible source for cross-contamination, and assess the efficacy of current disinfection practices for these probes.
Methodology: This was an analytical double-blind randomized study of 4 different disinfection protocols for 48 nasopharyngeal temperature probes. The probes were randomized to disinfection protocols that included water wash, dry wipe, hibitane® and cidex® wash. After decontamination by the respective protocol, the probes were aseptically placed in nutrient broths, manually agitated and removed, and the broths were then inoculated onto blood agar plates. After 48 hours of aerobic culture incubation at 37oC, plates were examined for growth and bacteria identified using automated bioMérieux Vitek-2 microbial identification system. Chi square and logistic regression analyses were used to assess bacterial contamination rates of the disinfected probes, in order to infer the efficacy of the decontamination processes.
Results: Of the 48 nasopharyngeal temperature probes disinfected by the different protocols, 22 (45.8%) had bacterial contamination, with frequency of isolation for coagulase negative staphylococci (44%), Bacillus cereus (20%), Staphylococcus aureus (10%), Enterobacter cloaca (7%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (4%), Pseudomonas fluorescens (3%), Acinetobacter baumannii (3%), amongst other bacterial species. Dry wipe, and water and soap methods, had statistically significant higher contamination rates of 83.3% and 66.7% than hibitane® and cidex®, with 25.0% and 8.3% respectively (X2=17.69, p<0.0001). The odds of contamination when water-wipe was used as a cleaning method was 6 times (OR=6.000; 95% CI=1.018-35.374, p=0.048) that of hibitane® method while the odds for dry-wipe was 15 times (OR=15.000, 95% CI=2.024-111.174, p=0.008). No statistically significant difference was observed in the contamination rates between cidex® and hibitane® disinfection methods(OR=0.273, 95% CI=0.024-3.093, p=0.294).
Conclusion: These data shows that nasopharyngeal temperature probes are possible source of cross-contamination and pathogen transmission due to inadequacy of the decontamination processes for these temperature probes.
Effect of acetylcysteine solution combined with fiberoptic bronchoscopy alveolar lavage in elderly patients with severe ventilator-associated pneumonia
Authors: Guo Ju , Wang Ping , Ma Xiaoyu 
Published: February 2022

Purpose: To explore the effect of acetylcysteine solution combined with fiberoptic bronchoscopy alveolar lavage in elderly patients with severe ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP).
Methods: A total of 120 elderly patients with severe VAP admitted to Department of Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University in the past two years were selected for this study. They were randomized into groups A and B. Group B underwent fiberoptic bronchoscopy alveolar lavage for 7 days, group A received acetylcysteine solution plus. Clinical pulmonary infection score (CPIS), respiratory mechanics changes, blood gas levels, inflammatory factor levels, antibiotic use time and mechanical ventilation time were compared.
Results: Compared to group B, group A witnessed a lower CPIS, an evidently superior dynamic lung compliance (Cdyn), and worse for other respiratory mechanics indices (p < 0.001). After treatment, the partial pressure of blood oxygen (PaO2) and oxygenation index (PaO2/FiO2) saw a surge; the partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) tapered off, and the levels of inflammatory factors witnessed a slump in group A than compared with those for group B (p < 0.001). A shorter antibiotic use time and mechanical ventilation time was observed in group A compared with group B (p < 0.001).
Conclusion: Acetylcysteine solution combined with fiberoptic bronchoscopy alveolar lavage yields a promising outcome in notably ameliorating CPIS, respiratory mechanics indicators and blood gas levels, driving down the level of inflammatory factors and diminishing treatment time in elderly patients with severe VAP.
Studies on the pharmacokinetics of piperacillin/tazobactam in renal replacement therapy in patients with chronic renal failure
Authors: Ma Qinqin , Xiao Hongyuan , Zhang Yannan , Chen Chen , Zhou Ying , Liu Yunning , Li Tianmin , Yu Yinghua 
Published: February 2022

Purpose: To study the pharmacokinetics of piperacillin/tazobactam in renal replacement therapy (CRRT) in patients with chronic renal failure (CRF).
Methods: Six CRF patients treated with CRRT in the First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University from April 2020 to July 2020 were selected and administered 4 g of piperacillin and 0.5 g of tazobactam within 30 min after, and at 5, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 180, 240, 360 and 480 min after CRRT. The DAS software was used to calculate pharmacokinetic parameters while linear regression was used to analyze the relationship among patient characteristics, CRRT parameters, and pharmacokinetics.
Results: The Cmax of piperacillin and tazobactam was 118.46 (96.12 - 161.12) mg/L and 27.45 (14.75 - 28.45) mg/L, while the volume of distribution (Vd) was 1.16 (0.72 - 1.59) L/h and 0.72 (0.57 -0.82) L/kg, respectively. The value for elimination half-life (t1/2) was 4.66 (3.19 -8.45) h and 4.25 (3.42 - 5.96) h, while total clearance (CL) was 7.28 (5.58 - 9.73) L/h and 6.37 (4.28 - 10.04) L/h, respectively. Multivariate linear regression showed that piperacillin Cmax was negatively correlated with the flow velocity of the substitution fluid (β = -0.679, 95 % CI = -0.278 - 0.943, p < 0.001). Piperacillin CL was positively correlated with the flow velocity of the waste liquid (β = 0.956, 95 % CI = 1.267 - 4.796, p < 0.001).
Conclusion: When used in CRF patients receiving CRRT, piperacillin and tazobactam show decrease in Cmax and CL, but increase in t1/2. This finding should provide useful guidance for clinicians concerned.
MiR-449b-5p modifies glycolysis by lactate dehydrogenase A in gastric cancer
Authors: Gao Yu , Ye Jingwang , Tan Dewen , Shen Haode , Wang Li 
Published: February 2022

Purpose: To investigate the role of miR-449b-5p in gastric cancer (GC) metabolism.
Methods: Human GC samples and their corresponding normal tissues were used in this study. Cell survival ability was evaluated using a commercial MTT kit. Glucose uptake, lactate production and ATP content were assessed using commercial kits. The expression levels of miRNAs were assessed by stem-loop reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).
Results: MiR-449b-5p expression decreased in both GC tissues and cells. When the cells with low level of miR-449b-5p were transfected with miR-449b-5p mimics, glycolysis was inhibited (p < 0.05). Lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) was predicted as a target gene of miR-449b-5p and verified using luciferase reporter assay. MiR-449b-5p expression was up-regulated in GC cells (p < 0.05). Furthermore, miR- 449b-5p expression was related to long overall survival time in patients with GC.
Conclusion: The findings demonstrate that miR-449b-5p reverses the glycolytic state of GC cells by targeting LDHA expression, and thus, it can potentially be developed for the treatment of gastric cancer.
Adiponectin regulates the malignant biological behavior of endometrial cancer cells via AMPK/mTOR signal pathway
Authors: Jin Li , Feng Xiumei , Luo Dan 
Published: February 2022

Purpose: To study the mechanism by which adiponectin regulates the malignant biological behavior of endometrial cancer cells.
Methods: RL95-2 cells were cultured and re-suspended in complete medium. A preliminary study showed that adiponectin (20 μg/mL) has the most inhibitory effect on cellular proliferation. The cells were divided into control group, 20 μg/mL adiponectin group, and 20 μg/mL adiponectin + 10 μmol/L AMPK inhibitor group, with 4 repeat wells set up for each group. Cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion and migration ability, as well as the expression levels of MMP-9, Bcl-2, p-AMPK, p-mTOR and p-4ebp1 were determined using standard procedures.
Results: Cell proliferation was significantly higher in the 20 μg/mL adiponectin group than in the 10 μg/mL adiponectin group (p < 0.05). Relative to the control group, apoptosis and p-AMPK expression level in the 10 μg/mL adiponectin group increased, while cell invasion and migratory potential, as well as expression levels of MMP-9, Bcl-2, p-mTOR and p-4ebp1 declined significantly (p < 0.05). The apoptosis and expression level of p-AMPK in the 20 μg/mL adiponectin + 10 μmol/L AMPK inhibitor group decreased, while cell invasion, migratory ability, and amounts of MMP-9, Bcl-2, p-mTOR and p- 4ebp1 were elevated, relative to the 20 μg/mL adiponectin group (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: Adiponectin promotes apoptosis of endometrial cancer cells via AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway, and inhibits cell proliferation, invasion and migration. Thus, adiponectin has the potential to exert anti-tumor effect in humans.
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN BEBERAPA SUMBER UNSUR HARA N TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BIBIT KELAPA SAWIT (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) DI PEMBIBITAN UTAMA
Authors: Siahaan Megawati , Sutanto Arief Setiawan , Simanjuntak Sion Calvin 
Published: February 2022

The establishment of oil palm plantations is starting from nursery which criteria has been standardized by the seeds produced. Nitrogen is one of the essential nutrients which determine the growth of oil palm (Elaeis guinensis Jacq) at the main nursery. Nitrogen has many sources which are produced from synthetics or natural sources, but on the other side, the pricing of fertilizers was increased any time and then must find an alternative which one is more effective and efficient. The effects of few nitrogen sources to the growth of oil palm in the main nursery is the objective of this research. The experiment was non factorial in a randomized complete block design comparing between N1 (urea Fertilizer), N2 (ZA Fertilizer), N3 (liquid organic fertilizer 60 ml/liter H2O had been extracted from Azolla microphylla), N4 (Azolla microphylla green manure 50 g/polybag) and N5 (Azolla microphylla composted 50 g/polybag) with five replications. The research showed that the height of oil palm in the nursery was not significantly affected by five nitrogen sources 2 and 4 weeks after treatment but significantly on 6, 8, 10 and 12 weeks, the higher plant found at N4 on12 weeks after treatment. Five Nitrogen sources were used not significantly affected amounts of leaves on 2 and 4 weeks but significantly affected on 6, 8, 10 and 12 weeks after applications. In the 12th week applications showed the most leaves on N3 but not significantly different from N4. Circumference of the stem after 2, 4, 6, 8 and 12 weeks after applications were not affected by five nitrogen sources but weight of the roots on fresh and dry conditions were affected by the treatment on 12th weeks which was N5 showed the highest but not different with N3 and N4; longs of the roots was not affected by the treatment. Composted, green manure as good as liquid organic fertilizer from Azolla microphylla had effects on amounts of leaves, height of plant, fresh and dry root weight. Azolla microphylla has the potential to be used as a source of nitrogen fertilizer on fertilizing oil palm at the main nursery.
EVALUACIÓN DEL COMPORTAMIENTO PRODUCTIVO DE TRES HÍBRIDOS DE CAFÉ ARÁBIGO (COFFEA ARÁBIGA L.) EN TRES DISTANCIAMIENTOS DE SIEMBRA
Authors: Vera Tumbaco Máximo , Tumbaco García Pamela Lilibeth , Vera Velázquez Raquel , Lagos Pazmiño Juan Carlos , Gabriel Ortega Julio 
Published: February 2022

La investigación Evaluación del comportamiento productivo de tres híbridos de Café arábigo (Coffea arábiga) en tres distanciamientos de siembra desarrollada en la finca de Andil, Universidad Estatal del Sur de Manabí, carrera Agropecuaria, tuvo como objetivos identificar el híbrido de mayor producción de café arábigo y establecer el híbrido de mayor rendimiento en café oro. La metodología permitió utilizar un diseño experimental de parcelas divididas, evaluando la producción de café cereza, rendimiento de café oro, peso de 100 frutos maduros y granos vanos. Los resultados permiten concluir que los híbridos Acawa con 1248,96 y Sarchimor C-4260 con y 873,72 kg/ha fueron mejores respectivamente, comparado con el híbrido Sarchimor C-1669 (806,80kg/ha), el mayor en rendimiento de grano de oro se observó la misma tendencia, es decir Acawa y Sarchimor C-4260 fueron mejores con 1126,49 y 751,15 kg/ha respectivamente, en comparación del híbrido Sarchimor C-1669 (676,62 kg/ha), para peso de 100 granos, se observó diferencias significativas entre los híbridos, siendo mejor el híbrido Acawa (627,10kg/ha), en granos vanos no hubo diferencias significativas, por lo que los híbridos mostraron igual comportamiento estadístico.
Pengaruh POC Urine Kambing Terhadap Pertumbuhan Bibit Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) Pada Fase Main Nursery Untuk Menekan Biaya Produksi
Authors: Afrida Afrida , Setya Anggara Hadi , Taher Yonny Arita 
Published: February 2022

The research was conducted in the experimental field of Ekasakti University, Padang, from March to July 2021. The aim was to obtain the right concentration of goat urine POC for the growth of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) seedlings in the main nursery phase and reduce produstion cost. This experiment was conducted based on a Randomized Block Design with 5 treatments and 5 groups, each experimental unit consisted of 4 plants. All plants were observed. The treatments given were several concentrations of POC in goat urine as follows: A : 0 % POC; B: POC 20%; C: POC : 40%; D: POC 60%; E: POC 80%. Observational data were analyzed statistically using variance and if the results of the variance were significantly different (F-count > F-table 5%) or very significantly different (F-count > F-table 1%), then a further test was carried out DNMRT. Observation variables were increase in seedling height, increase in leaf midrib, increase in wee diameter, fresh weight of root, dry stover, fresh weight of roots, dry weight of roots, visual observations. Conclusion from the study: Some of the concentrations of POC in goat urine did not significantly affect all parameters observed. The best concentration has not been obtained for oil palm nurseries in Main-Nursery as well as reduce costs. It is recommended to conduct further research, by increasing the concentration of goat urine POC to be given to oil palm seedlings in the main nursery.
ABSTRAK
Penelitian dilakukan di lahan percobaan Universitas Ekasakti Padang, dari Maret sampai Juli 2021. Tujuan untuk mendapatkan konsentrasi POC urine kambing yang tepat untuk pertumbuhan bibit kelapa sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) fase main nursery, dan menekan biaya produksi. Berdasarkan Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan 5 perlakuan dan 5 kelompok. Masing- masing satuan percobaan terdiri dari 4 tanaman. Seluruh tanaman diamati. Perlakuan beberapa konsentrasi POC urine kambing sebagai berikut :A : Tanpa POC; B : POC 20%; C : POC 40 %; D : POC 60 %; E : POC 80 %. Data hasil pengamatan dianalisis secara statistika menggunakan sidik ragam dan bila hasil sidik ragam, berbeda nyata (F-hitung > F-tabel 5%) atau sangat berbeda nyata (F-hitung> F-tabel 1%), maka dilakukan uji lanjut DNMRT. Variabel pengamatan adalah pertambahan tinggi bibit, pertambahan pelepah daun, pertambahan diameter bonggol, bobot segar berangkasan, kering brangkasan, bobot segar akar, bobot kering akar, pengamatan visual. Kesimpulan dari penelitian : Beberapa konsentrasi POC urine kambing tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap semua parameter yang diamati serta mengurangi biaya. Belum diperoleh konsentrasi terbaik untuk pembibitan kelapa sawit di Main-Nursery. Disarankan untuk melakukan penelitian lebih lanjut, dengan meningkatkan konsentrasi POC urine kambing yang akan diberikan pada bibit kelapa sawit di main-nursery sehingga biaya produksi dapat ditekan
Perbedaan Underpricing dan Volatilitas Harga Saham Perusahaan yang IPO Sebelum dan Selama Pandemi Covid-19 di Bursa Efek Indonesia
Authors: Susilawati Cicilia Erna , Christine Yolanda Natalia , Martono Cyrillius 
Published: February 2022

The Covid-19 pandemic has affected many aspects, including the capital market. In 2020, during the COVID-19 pandemic, there were 51 companies conducting IPOs. This shows that the company's interest in obtaining funding sources through the stock exchange is still high. This study aims to analyze investor reactions to the IPO before the Covid-19 pandemic. The analysis was carried out by examining the differences in underpricing and stock price volatility in companies conducting IPOs before and during the Covid-19 pandemic. The number of samples of companies that conducted IPOs in 2019 was 55 companies and in 2020 there were 51 companies. The Mann-Whitney T-Test technique was used to determine the difference between underpricing and the Independent Sample T-Test, to determine the difference in trading volatility. The results show that there are differences in underpricing of companies that IPO before and during the Covid-19 pandemic, but the volatility of stock trading is no different.
ABSTRAK
Pandemi Covid-19 merupakan peristiwa yang mempengaruhi berbagai aspek kehidupan, termasuk pasar modal. Tahun 2020, saat pandemi covid 19 sedang terjadi, terdapat 51 perusahaan yang melakukan IPO. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa minat perusahaan untuk mendapatkan sumber pendanaan melalui bursa saham cukup tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis reaksi investor terhadap peristiwa IPO sebelum selama pandemi Covid-19.Analisis dilakukan dengan menguji perbedaan underpricing dan volatilitas perdagangan saham pada perusahaan yang melakukan IPO sebelum dan selama pandemi Covid-19.Jumlah sampel perusahaan yang melakukan IPO periode 2019 sebanyak 55 perusahaan dan periode 2020 sejumlah 51 perusahaan. Pengujian dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik uji Mann-Whitney T-Testuntuk perbedaan underpricingdan Independent Sample T-Test, untuk menguji perbedaan volatilitas perdagangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan underpricing pada perusahaan yang IPO sebelum dan selama Pandemi Covid-19, akan tetapi volatilitas perdagangan sahamnya tidak berbeda.