bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analyzing self-evaluation capacity scores related to infectious disease control in International Health Regulations during the first year of COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Satria Fauzi Budi , Tsai Feng-Jen , Turbat Battsetseg 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis study aimed to identify changes in the average score of countries' International Health Regulation (IHR) self-evaluation capacity (e-SPAR) in 2020 compared to 2019, and the factors associated with these changes. We collected the data from the World Health Organization (WHO) website in May 2021, then calculated the significant differences between the e-SPAR score in both years. Next, we conducted a test to identify the association between changes in member states' e-SPAR capacity scores and their COVID-19 case fatality rate (CFR), Human Development Index, Civil Liberties, and Government Effectiveness. The results showed that the average e-SPAR scores in 2020 were significantly higher than in 2019. Among the 154 countries, we included in this study, the scores of 98 countries increased in 2020, of which 37.75% were lower-middle-income countries. Meanwhile, among the 56 countries whose scores did not increase, 26 (46.42%) were high-income countries. The COVID-19 CFR was significantly associated with the changes in e-SPAR scores of 154 countries (p < 0.01), as well as the countries whose scores increased (p < 0.05). In conclusion, we consider e-SPAR to still be a useful tool to facilitate countries in monitoring their International Health Regulation (IHR) core capacity progress, especially in infectious disease control to prepare for future pandemics.
Common and novel metabolic pathways related ESTs were upregulated in three date palm cultivars to ameliorate drought stress
Authors: Alhajhoj Mohammed Refdan , Munir Muhammad , Sudhakar Balakrishnan , Ali-Dinar Hassan Muzzamil , Iqbal Zafar 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDate palm is an important staple crop in Saudi Arabia, and about 400 different date palm cultivars grown here, only 50–60 of them are used commercially. The most popular and commercially consumed cultivars of these are Khalas, Reziz, and Sheshi, which are also widely cultivated across the country. Date palm is high water-demanding crop in oasis agriculture, with an inherent ability to tolerate drought stress. However, the mechanisms by which it tolerates drought stress, especially at the transcriptomic level, are still elusive. This study appraised the physiological and molecular response of three commercial date palm cultivars Khalas, Reziz, and Sheshi at two different field capacities (FC; 100% and 25%) levels. At 25% FC (drought stress), leaf relative water content, chlorophyll, photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, and transpiration were significantly reduced. However, leaf intercellular CO2concentration and water use efficiency increased under drought stress. In comparison to cvs. Khalas and Reziz, date palm cv. Sheshi showed less tolerance to drought stress. A total of 1118 drought-responsive expressed sequence tags (ESTs) were sequenced, 345 from Khalas, 391 from Reziz, and 382 from Sheshi and subjected to functional characterization, gene ontology classification, KEGG pathways elucidation, and enzyme codes dissemination. Three date palm cultivars deployed a multivariate approach to ameliorate drought stress by leveraging common and indigenous molecular, cellular, biological, structural, transcriptional and reproductive mechanisms. Approximately 50% of the annotated ESTs were related to photosynthesis regulation, photosynthetic structure, signal transduction, auxin biosynthesis, osmoregulation, stomatal conductance, protein synthesis/turnover, active transport of solutes, and cell structure modulation. Along with the annotated ESTs, ca. 45% of ESTs were novel. Conclusively, the study provides novel clues and opens the myriads of genetic resources to understand the fine-tuned drought amelioration mechanisms in date palm.
Observable tests for the light-sail scenario of interstellar objects
Authors: Zhou Wen-Han , Liu Shang-Fei , Zhang Yun , Lin Douglas N. C. 
Published: September 2022

Context.Enigmatic dynamical and spectral properties of the first interstellar object (ISO), 1I/2017 U1 (Oumuamua), led to many hypotheses, including a suggestion that it may be an “artificial” spacecraft with a thin radiation-pressure-driven light sail. Since similar discoveries by forthcoming instruments, such as theVera C. Rubintelescope and the Chinese Space Station Telescope (CSST), are anticipated, a critical identification of key observable tests is warranted for the quantitative distinctions between various scenarios.Aims.We scrutinize the light-sail scenario by making comparisons between physical models and observational constraints. These analyses can be generalized for future surveys of ‘Oumuamua-like objects.Methods.The light sail goes through a drift in interstellar space due to the magnetic field and gas atoms, which poses challenges to the navigation system. When the light sail enters the inner Solar System, the sideways radiation pressure leads to a considerable non-radial displacement. The immensely high dimensional ratio and the tumbling motion could cause a light curve with an extremely large amplitude and could even make the light sail invisible from time to time. These observational features allow us to examine the light-sail scenario of interstellar objects.Results.The drift of the freely rotating light sail in the interstellar medium is ~100 au even if the travel distance is only 1 pc. The probability of the expected brightness modulation of the light sail matching with ‘Oumuamua’s observed variation amplitude (~2.5–3) is <1.5%. In addition, the probability of the tumbling light sail being visible (brighter thanV= 27) in all 55 observations spread over two months after discovery is 0.4%. Radiation pressure could cause a larger displacement normal to the orbital plane for a light sail than that for ‘Oumuamua. Also, the ratio of antisolar to sideways acceleration of ‘Oumuamua deviates from that of the light sail by ~1.5σ.Conclusions.We suggest that ‘Oumuamua is unlikely to be a light sail. The dynamics of an intruding light sail, if it exists, has distinct observational signatures, which can be quantitatively identified and analyzed with our methods in future surveys.
Parallel Hybrid 2-Opt Flower Pollination Algorithm for Real-Time UAV Trajectory Planning on GPU
Authors: Roberge Vincent , Tarbouchi Mohammed 
Published: September 2022

Abstract. The development of autonomous Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) is a priority to many civilian and military organizations. An essential aspect of UAV autonomy is the ability for automatic trajectory planning. In this paper, we use a parallel Flower Pollination Algorithm (FPA) to deal with the problem's complexity and compute feasible and quasi-optimal trajectories for fixed-wing UAVs in complex 3D environments, taking into account the vehicle's flight properties. The global optimization algorithm is
improved with the addition of 2-opt local search providing a significant improvement. The proposed trajectory planner in implemented and parallelized on a multicore processor (CPU) using OpenMP and a Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) using CUDA resulting in a 9.6x and a 68.5x speedup respectively compared to the sequential implementation on CPU.
Index Terms—Flower Pollination Algorithm, Graphics Processing Unit, Parallel Programming, Trajectory Planning, Unmanned Aerial Vehicle.
The Efficacy of Task-Based Mirror Therapy for Upper Limb Motor
Function in Stroke Patients: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled
Trials
Authors: Zhou Hang , Zhang Zhen , Li Renpeng , Xu Yousong , Bai Jingyang 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Introduction The efficacy of task-based mirror therapy for upper limb
motor function remains controversial in stroke patients. We conduct a systematic
review and meta-analysis to explore the influence of task-based mirror therapy
on upper limb motor function in stroke.
Methods We have searched PubMed, EMbase, Web of science, EBSCO, and
Cochrane library databases through August 2021 for randomized controlled trials
(RCTs) assessing the effect of task-based mirror therapy on functional
improvement in stroke. This meta-analysis is performed using the random-effect
model.
Results Six RCTs are included in the meta-analysis. Overall, compared with
conventional rehabilitation for stroke, task-based mirror therapy significantly
improved Fugl-Meyer Assessment (MD=4.60; 95% CI=1.15 to
8.06; P=0.009), and obtained the comparable impact on Modified Barthel
Index (MD=4.96; 95% CI=−4.44 to 14.35;
P=0.30), grip strength (MD=3.74; 95%
CI=−1.61 to 9.09; P=0.17), modified Ashworth Scale (arm,
MD=0.34; 95% CI=−0.67 to 1.35; P=0.50)
and modified Ashworth Scale (hand, MD=0.10; 95%
CI=−0.58 to 0.77; P=0.78).
Conclusions Task-based mirror therapy is effective to improve upper limb
motor function in stroke patients.
ProTransition – ein Online-Kurs für Fachkräfte zur Versorgungsoptimierung junger Menschen mit psychischen Störungen im Übergang zwischen Jugend- und Erwachsenenalter
Authors: König Elisa , Stahl Christina , Reetz Sandra , Schulze Ulrike M. E. , Fegert Jörg M. , Hoffmann Ulrike 
Published: September 2022

ZUSAMMENFASSUNG
Gegenstand und Ziel Es wurde ein Online-Kurs über Transitionspsychiatrie für Fachkräfte aus den Heil(hilfs)berufen erstellt und evaluiert, um bestehende Lücken im Fortbildungsangebot zu schließen.
Material und Methoden Vor und nach Abschluss der Kursbearbeitung fand eine Erhebung der subjektiven Einschätzung der Kursteilnehmenden bezüglich eigener Kompetenzen, des Praxistransfers sowie der Zufriedenheit mit dem Online-Kurs statt (N = 703). Zudem wurde eine Drop-out-Befragung durchgeführt (N = 296).
Ergebnisse Es war eine Steigerung der Kompetenzen und des interdisziplinären Verständnisses zu verzeichnen. Ca. 50 % gab an, dass die Kursbearbeitung zu der Etablierung transitionsspezifischer Versorgungsmodelle beitragen konnte. Die Zufriedenheit mit dem Online-Kurs war sehr hoch. Als mit Abstand wichtigster Faktor für einen Kursabbruch erwiesen sich in der Drop-out-Befragung mangelnde zeitliche Kapazitäten.
Schlussfolgerungen Der entwickelte Online-Kurs stellt ein gut akzeptiertes und qualitativ hochwertiges Fortbildungsangebot für eine heterogene Adressatengruppe zum Thema Transitionspsychiatrie dar.
Klinische Relevanz Die angemessene, kontinuierliche psychiatrische und psychosoziale Begleitung psychisch erkrankter junger Menschen ist von großer Bedeutung. Die Studie verweist auf das große Potenzial digitaler Fortbildungsangebote im Bereich Transitionspsychiatrie.
Steroid Receptor Coactivator-Interacting Protein (SIP) Alleviates
Ischemic Cerebral Infarction Damage Through the NF-κB
Pathway
Authors: Yu Min , Li Yan , Tan Xianpei , Hu Qiao 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIschemic stroke leads to high mortality and disability rates in humans. Cerebral
ischemic injury has a severe complex pathophysiological mechanism. The abnormal
release of inflammatory cytokines will cause brain tissue damage and destroy the
blood-brain barrier integrity, which aggravates the process of brain injury.
Therefore, attenuating the level of inflammatory response is critical for the
therapy of cerebral ischemia injury. This study examined the rule of SIP
treatment to support neuron protective effect after cerebral injury in an animal
model of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). After
ischemia/reperfusion, neurological function, neuroglia cells activation,
infarction volume, brain water content, brain tissue apoptosis ratio, and
inflammatory response were assessed, and quantitative PCR and western blot were
also detected, respectively. Treatment of SIP ameliorated neurological
dysfunction, brain infarction, brain edema, and brain cell apoptosis after MCAO
operation. Overexpression SIP also suppressed pro-inflammatory cytokines
release. Furthermore, the protective effect of SIP on brain injury occurs
through reduced neuroglia cells activation through downregulation of the
NF-κB pathway. In summary, the present work indicated that SIP prevents
ischemic cerebral infarction-induced inflammation and apoptosis by blocking
inflammasome activation via NF-κB signaling pathway. Those results
suggest that SIP treatment is an attractive strategy for prevention of ischemic
cerebral infarction.
Compliance of Nurses with Hand Hygiene Guidelines in Tripoli University Hospital, 2019
Authors: Jerbi Rehab S. , Said Amal I. , Elhamadi Miluda R. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background Health care-associated infections (HAIs) result in high morbidity, decreased personal satisfaction, and mortality. Implementing infection prevention and control strategies such as hand hygiene (HH) promotion is critical to reduce the risk of the HAI and protect patients.
Aims This study aimed to determine the compliance rate of HH among nurses in Tripoli University Hospital (TUH, previously known as Tripoli Medical Center).
Method A cross-sectional study was conducted in different departments at TUH, starting from May 1st to October 31st, 2019. An observational checklist based on the “five moments for hand hygiene” of World Health Organization (WHO) was used. There were 271 nurses who interacted with 1,213 patients, a total of 3,452 HH episodes, and 6,065 cases of HH that were collected in this study, and data were statistically analyzed.
Results The overall HH compliance rate was 56.9%. Most of the nurses (86%) preferred to use HH after contact with individual patients and 71.6% after contact with patients' environment. There was, however, low percentage of HH prior to patient contact (35.1%). The compliance rate was higher among nurses of the age group of less than 20 years (60.8%), non-Libyan (60.7%), and those who received formal training (60.5%).
Conclusion In general, the HH compliance rate was low among nurses working in TUH. Education is an important factor that impacts the practice of HH pre- and postpatient contact. Wider studies that include assessment of pre- and posteducation courses should be conducted in the future.
Factors Influencing Outcome Post–Radium-223 Dichloride in Castrate Resistant Prostate Cancer: A Review of Some Real-World Challenges
Authors: Bhoil Amit , Chuah Phei Shan , Seshadri Nagabhushan , Vinjamuri Sobhan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Aim Radium-223 has been the first-approved targeted Alpha therapy agent. We retrospectively assessed different factors influencing the overall survival (OS) and patient management.
Setting and Design Thirty-two metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) patients' hematological parameters, number of cycles, performance status, and toxicities were evaluated for OS. Radium 223 dichloride (Radium-223) was administered every 4 weeks for a maximum of six cycles. Primary and secondary end points were OS, progression free survival (PFS), therapy toxicities, change in performance status, biochemical response, and skeletal-related events (SREs).
Materials and Methods Patients' median age was 77 years (range: 57–90 years) and median follow-up was 399 days (range: 5–1,761 days). A total of 163 cycles were administered in 32 patients, with 4 or less cycles in 8 patients (25%) and 5 or more cycles in 24 patients (75%). Among eight patients with 4 or less cycles, three patients died, of which two patients died due to neutropenic sepsis.
Statistical Analysis Mann–Whitney test was used to compare the cycle groups; Spearman's correlation coefficient was used to see the relation of different variables with OS. Log rank test was used for group comparison while Kaplan–Meier survivorship was used for OS.
Results Statistical correlation was seen between the number of cycles (p=0.037) and hemoglobin (p=0.028). Kaplan–Meier OS (p=0.038) was correlated with the number of cycles (≤ 4 cycles and ≥ 5 cycles). OS was 173 days in patients with one to four cycles, 226 days in five cycles, and 493 days in six cycles. Myelosuppression leading to stopping of full six cycles was seen in 7 of 32 patients (22%) and significantly correlated to inferior OS (p=0.048).
Conclusion Higher number of Radium-223 cycles was seen to be associated with better OS. Prior myelosuppression was associated with poor OS. Patients with better hematological profile were more likely to complete the maximum number of the cycles with a better OS.
Positive 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography 20 Years after Talc Pleurodesis
Authors: Bhupathy Supriya A. , Huynh Tung V. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTalc pleurodesis, a frequently performed procedure for refractory pneumothorax or pleural effusion, induces chronic granulomatous inflammation. It can present years later with pleural thickening and markedly increased uptake on positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT), mimicking the presentation of malignancies. We present the case of a 63-year-old female with positive 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose PET/CT 20 years after talc pleurodesis. Malignancy such as mesothelioma could not initially be ruled out. CT-guided biopsy confirmed an extensive foreign-body giant-cell reaction consistent with talc-related inflammatory change. This case highlights the need for the consideration of talcoma in the differential diagnosis of patients who undergo talc pleurodesis, and is unique in the significant timespan of 20 years between pleurodesis and positive imaging findings.
Long-Term Outcomes of Crizotinib Treated ALK-Positive Lung Cancer Patients: A Retrospective Audit of Prospective Data from Resource-Constrained Settings
Authors: Kapoor Akhil , Noronha Vanita , Patil Vijay , Menon Nandini , Nandhana Ravindra , Kumar Amit , Mahajan Abhishek , Janu Amit , Kumar Rajiv , Prabhash Kumar 
Published: September 2022

Purpose Crizotinib has been one of the standard treatment options for the treatment of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) rearranged non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) based on higher progression-free survival (PFS) and objective response rates in phase III clinical trials. However, real-world data about the long-term efficacy and toxicity of crizotinib is limited.
Methods A retrospective analysis of all patients with ALK-positive NSCLC, treated with crizotinib between March 2014 and December 2016, was performed. The main outcomes measured were PFS, overall survival (OS), and adverse effects.
Results One hundred and eighty-eight patients treated with crizotinib during this period were included in this study. The median age was 50 years (range: 24–74) with a majority being males (73.2%) and 80.3% with a performance status of 0 to 1. The median duration of follow-up was 49.4 months (range: 3.4–86.3%). The median PFS of crizotinib was 17.3 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 13.0–21.6) and 12.8 months (95% CI, 8.1–17.6) when used in first line or subsequent lines, respectively. The median OS was 38.3 months (95% CI, 28.4–48.2). The patients who received crizotinib in the first line had a median OS of 45.5 months (95% CI, 29.6–61.4) as compared with 29.7 months (95% CI, 22.2–37.2) for those who received in subsequent line (hazard ratio, 0.6, 95% CI, 0.4–0.9, p=0.022). The most common all grade toxicities include transaminitis, anemia, fatigue, and corrected QT prolongation.
Conclusion This real-world study confirms the long-term beneficial effects of crizotinib in ALK rearranged NSCLC with favorable toxicity profile like that of the registration studies, in resource constrained settings.
Pregnancy Related Venous Thromboembolism-Associated with HIV Infection and Antiretroviral Therapy
Authors: Schapkaitz Elise , Jacobson Barry F. , Libhaber Elena 
Published: September 2022

AbstractHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in pregnancy is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. Improved access to effective antiretroviral therapy (ART) has shifted the spectrum of pregnancy-related complications among HIV-infected pregnant women. In addition to placental vascular complications and preterm delivery, increased rates of venous thromboembolism (VTE) have been described. HIV infection is characterized by immune activation, inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction, which contribute to the activation of coagulation and its prothrombotic consequences. Indeed, activated coagulation factors have been reported to be increased and natural anticoagulants reduced in HIV. Several mechanisms for this persistent prothrombotic balance on ART have been identified. These may include: co-infections, immune recovery, and loss of the gastrointestinal mucosal integrity with microbial translocation. In addition to the direct effects of HIV and ART, traditional venous and obstetric risk factors also contribute to the risk of VTE. A research priority has been to understand the mechanisms of VTE in HIV-infected pregnant women receiving suppressive ART and to translate this into HIV-specific thromboprophylaxis recommendations. Management requires a multidisciplinary approach and further studies are indicated to guide the prevention and management of pregnancy-associated VTE in this population. The current review describes the epidemiology, mechanisms, and management of VTE in HIV-infected women in pregnancy and the postpartum period.
Comparison of Two Entry Methods and Their Cosmetic Outcomes in Creating Pneumoperitoneum: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Hiremath Srikantaiah Chandra Sekhariah , Ahmed Zameer 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background The main challenge in laparoscopic surgery is creating pneumoperitoneum using various surgical techniques. Every procedure has its own advocates. The aim of this study was to determine the cosmetic outcomes of the two of the major surgical techniques (open—Hasson technique versus closed—Veress technique) used in laparoscopic surgery.
Methods This was a prospective, observational, comparative study conducted from October 2017 to September 2018 in 132 patients, who presented to our center and fulfilled our selection criteria. For all the patients, pneumoperitoneum was performed using either open (Hasson) or closed technique (Veress). A database was created for all the patients and the technique dependent cosmetic outcomes were assessed and reported.
Results There were a total of 66 patients in each group (open and closed). The mean age of the open group was 51.56±11.42 years and closed group was 54.36±14.78 years, respectively. The major comorbidities found in both the groups were diabetes mellitus (6/66, group A; 7/66, group B) and hypertension (3/66, group A; 4/66, group B). In open group, umbilical (58/66, p=0.001) and in closed group infraumbilical (35/66, p=0.001) were the most commonly used incisions.
Conclusion As benefits outweigh the risks, the better cosmetic outcomes were observed in patients underwent closed technique over open technique (p<0.05).