bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamics of Formation of Binuclear Metal Complexes: A New Cu(I) Compound with N‐(2‐thiophenecarbonyl)‐N’‐(3‐Cl, 4‐F‐phenyl)thiourea as Ligand
Authors: Ramos Cairo Raúl , María Plutín Ana , Oscar Mocelo Castell Raúl , Castellano Eduardo E. , Corrêa Rodrigo S. , Nossa González Diana L. , Erben Mauricio F. , Regina Cominetti Marcia , Morais Leite Celisnolia , Donizeth de Oliveira Tamires , Batista Alzir A. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractHerein we report the synthesis and characterization of a new copper(I) complex with triphenylphosphine (PPh3) and N‐(2‐thiophenecarbonyl)‐N’‐(3‐Cl, 4‐F‐phenyl)thiourea (HL), as ligands. The complex was characterized by vibrational (FTIR and FT‐Raman) and multinuclear (1H, 13C {1H}, 31P{1H}) NMR spectroscopies. The crystalline structure of the complex was determined by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction, confirming that a neutral binuclear compound, identified as [Cu(PPh3)(L‐κ2‐N,μ‐S)]2, was obtained. The anionic thiourea ligand coordinates to the metal through the sulfur and nitrogen atoms in an unusual bidentate κ2‐N,μ‐S coordination mode. The complex is a dimer sited on a crystallographic center of symmetry. Each Cu2(μ‐S)2 cation bridges trough the sulfur atoms of two symmetry related thiourea moieties and is also coordinated to the nitrogen atom of the thiourea ligand and the phosphorus atom from PPh3 co‐ligand, forming a slightly distorted tetrahedral geometry. An intramolecular N−H⋅⋅⋅O=C hydrogen bond is observed in the anionic ligand, forming a six‐membered ring that stabilizes the N−H thioamide group. Hirshfeld surface analysis shows that the molecules are connected by weak intermolecular contacts C⋅⋅⋅C, H⋅⋅⋅C and H⋅⋅⋅H which add to the stability of the crystalline packing. The in vitro cytotoxicity study of the complex indicates that it is more active against human lung carcinoma cells (A549), when compared to the free ligand.
Design and Preparation of β‐Lactam Derivatives Bearing Phenanthrenimidazole as Cytotoxic Agents
Authors: Alborz Maryam , Pournejati Roya , Ameri Rad Javad , Jarrahpour Aliasghar , Reza Karbalaei‐Heidari Hamid , Michel Brunel Jean , Turos Edward 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn the present work, a novel series of monocyclic 1H‐phenanthro[9,10‐d]imidazole β‐lactam hybrids has been synthesized in yields varying from 70–95 % by a stereoselective [2+2]‐cyclocondensation (Staudinger reaction). The newly‐synthesized compounds and their imine intermediates were characterized by IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and elemental analyses. The 1H‐phenanthro[9,10‐d]imidazole β‐lactam hybrids showed moderate cytotoxicity towards two mammalian cancerous cell lines, MCF‐7 and A549, and to a lesser extent on immortalized normal fibroblast SV‐80 cells. In addition, hemolytic activity of the Phenanthren‐imidazole β‐lactam conjugates showed their potential as a medicine. None of the compounds displayed antibacterial or anti‐inflammatory activity.
Cycloacceleration of Reactive Oxygen Species Generation Based on Exceedingly Small Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Tumor Ferroptosis Therapy
Authors: Zhou Huimin , Lu Xuanyi , Du Chao , Zhou Zijian , Feng Jie , Liang Zhiyu , Xu Yikai , Qiu Xiaozhong , Shen Zheyu 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBecause of the insufficiency of hydrogen peroxide, the relatively low rate of Fenton reaction, and the active glutathione (GSH) peroxidase 4 (GPX4) in tumor cells, it is difficult to achieve a desirable efficacy of ferroptosis therapy (FT) for tumors based on nanomaterials. Inspired by the concept of “cyclotron” in physics, in this study, a new concept of cycloacceleration of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in tumor cells to realize high‐performance FT of tumors is proposed. Typically, a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agent of dotted core–shell Fe3O4/Gd2O3 hybrid nanoparticles (FGNPs) is prepared based on exceedingly small magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (ES‐MIONs). Sorafenib (SFN) is loaded and poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether‐poly(propylene sulfide)‐NH2 (mPEG‐PPS‐NH2) is grafted on the surface of FGNP to generate SA‐SFN‐FGNP via self‐assembly. The results of in vitro and in vivo demonstrate SA‐SFN‐FGNP can work with the acidic tumor microenvironment and endosomal conditions, Fenton reaction and system XC−, and generate cyclic reactions in tumor cells, resulting in specific cycloacceleration of ROS generation for high‐performance FT of tumors. The very high longitudinal relaxivity (r1, 33.43 mM−1 s−1, 3.0 T) makes sure that the SA‐SFN‐FGNP can be used for MRI‐guided FT of tumors.
A systems approach to enabling student‐led critical discussion
Authors: Cooray Shavindrie , Champion Donna 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis research explored the application of Systems methods and tools to enable student‐led critical discussion in both face‐to‐face and online learning environments. We found that student teams using Systems tools to help address a problem (whether working face‐to‐face or online in virtual teams) reported an increased level of controversy and disagreement in their discussions compared with teams that worked without using Systems tools. Interestingly, the teams applying Systems tools also expressed more confidence and satisfaction with the problem‐solving process and resulting decision. We discuss these findings and set out some suggestions for applying Systems thinking to encourage team working and student‐led critical discussion in both online and face‐to‐face learning environments.
Measuring quality of reporting in systematic reviews of diagnostic test accuracy studies in medical imaging: comparison of PRISMA‐DTA and PRISMA
Authors: Li Q. , Hou W. , Li L. , Xu J. , Ren Y. , Zou K. , Tian R. , Sun X. 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACTObjectivesTo compare the reporting quality measured by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses of Diagnostic Test Accuracy studies (PRISMA‐DTA) vs the original PRISMA checklist for systematic reviews of diagnostic test accuracy studies in imaging and survey the use of PRISMA‐DTA by researchers and endorsement by journals.MethodsSystematic reviews of DTA studies published in 2020 and 2021 in Quartile 1 and Quartile 3 medical imaging journals (defined by Journal Citation Reports) were identified through PubMed. The reporting of each systematic review was assessed using PRISMA‐DTA, PRISMA‐2009 and PRISMA‐2020. The item scores and overall score were compared among the three checklists. We also examined checklist adoption by the included systematic reviews and surveyed checklist endorsement from author instructions of included journals.ResultsA total of 173 systematic reviews from 66 journals were included. The use of PRISMA‐DTA, compared with PRISMA‐2009 and PRISMA‐2020, identified more issues in the reporting of title (proportion of systematic reviews with proper reporting, 27.2% vs 98.8% vs 98.8%), abstract (39.3% vs 97.1% vs 64.7%), eligibility criteria (67.6% vs 94.2% vs 94.2%), search (28.9% vs 72.3% vs 28.9%), definitions for data extraction (14.5% vs 91.9% vs 91.9%), diagnostic accuracy measures (38.2% vs 93.6% vs 93.6%), synthesis of results (28.9% vs 89.6% vs 73.4%) and results of individual studies (40.5% vs 80.3% vs 80.3%). The overall median reporting score measured by PRISMA‐DTA (72.0% (interquartile range (IQR), 66.7–77.8%)) was lower than that measured by PRISMA‐2009 (88.9% (IQR, 84.0–92.6%)) and similar to that measured by PRISMA‐2020 (74.1% (IQR, 66.7–77.8%)). Additionally, PRISMA‐DTA was used by only 43 (24.9%) systematic reviews and endorsed by two (3.0%) journals. These trends remained consistent for reviews published in journals with diverse scientific impact.ConclusionsThe use of PRISMA‐DTA may identify more reporting inadequacies compared with the original PRISMA checklists when assessing diagnostic test accuracy systematic reviews, especially in critical sections such as title, abstract and methods. However, this tool is not commonly used by researchers and is inadequately endorsed by imaging journals. Our findings suggest a strong need to use PRISMA‐DTA for reporting of diagnostic test accuracy systematic reviews by authors and its endorsement by journals. © 2022 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
Preparation and application of (Cu2O‐Ag)@TA composite nanomaterials with enhanced stability and photocatalytic antibacterial activity
Authors: Zhao Yanzhen , Yan Jianghao , Yang Liu , Xu Meirong , Wang Huifang , Niu Baolong , Li Wenfeng 
Published: August 2022

AbstractFood spoilage caused by bacterial growth is a serious threat to human health, so food preservation technology with long‐acting antibacterial effect has been widely studied. In this work, (Cu2O‐Ag)@TA heterojunction composite antibacterial material with a core‐shell structure was synthesized to improve the stability of Cu2O. Morphological characterization shows that silver nanoparticles are uniformly distributed on the surface of Cu2O microspheres, (Cu2O‐Ag)@TA has a core‐shell structure, the particle size is about 300 nm, and the thickness of the tannic acid shell is about 6 nm. In addition, (Cu2O‐Ag)@TA exhibits excellent dispersibility and stability, it can stably release Cu2+ within 14 days and has enhanced reactive oxygen species release performance, thus achieving excellent antibacterial properties, with a minimum inhibitory concentrations of 96 μg ml−1 against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. In addition, adding (Cu2O‐Ag)@TA into the LbL‐PVA/CS/FA composite film can improve the mechanical properties and antibacterial ability of the composite film, providing a feasible solution for new biodegradable antibacterial packaging materials.
Structural Diversity of Lithium N‐Mesityl‐P,P‐diphenylphosphinimidate of the type [(L)Li{O−PPh2=N−Mes]n Depending on Lewis Base L
Authors: Schönherr Paul R. W. , Pröhl Felix E. , Görls Helmar , Krieck Sven , Westerhausen Matthias 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMetalation of N‐mesityl‐P,P‐diphenylphosphinic amide with nBuLi in toluene yields tetranuclear lithium N‐mesityl‐P,P‐diphenylphosphinimidate ([Ph2P(OLi)=N−Mes]4, 1). Metalation of Ph2P(O)−N(H)Mes with a mixture of dibutylmagnesium and butyllithium in DME leads to formation of dinuclear [Ph2P{OLi(dme)}=N−Mes]2 (2). Excess of Ph2P(O)−N(H)Mes gives dinuclear [Li(O−PPh2=N−Mes){Ph2P(=O)−N(H)−Mes}]2 (3) with three‐coordinate alkali ions. The metathetical approach via reaction of 1 with anhydrous magnesium bromide in ethereal solution yields [{(thf)LiBr}2{(thf)Li(O−PPh2=NMes)(Et2O)Li(O−PPh2=NMes)}] (4). Heterobimetallic Li/Mg compounds are not accessible by these protocols. Reactions of 1 with DME, with excess of Ph2P(O)−N(H)Mes or with LiBr allows the straightforward conversion to compounds 2, 3 and 4.
Hexanuclear Niobium Cluster Alcoholates – First Representatives with Isopropanolato Ligands
Authors: Schröder Florian , Köckerling Martin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractFour new compounds were synthesized which belong to the so far very small group of hexanuclear niobium cluster alcoholates. These are [Mg(HOCH3)6]3[Nb6Cl12(OCH3)6]2 ⋅ 6CH3OH (1), (Ph4P)2[Nb6(OC2H5)12Cl6] (2), (Ph4P)2[Nb6(OC3H7)i4Cli8Cla6] (3) and (NC5H6)2[Nb6(OC3H7)12Cl6] (4). The last two compounds represent the first examples with isopropanolato ligands on the inner coordination sites of the octahedral metal atom cores. The X‐ray structures of 1–3 have been determined. All cluster units with alcoholato ligands on the inner sites carry 14 cluster‐based electrons (CBEs), as do all other so far known cluster alcoholates. The cluster unit in Compound 1, which carries chloride ligands on the inner coordination sites, is a 15 CBE unit. The cluster anion in 3 has four inner ligand sites occupied by isopropanolate anions, which are arranged trans to each other and define a common plane. Because of the smaller size of the alcoholato O donor atom compared to halogenido ligands matrix effects are not much or not at all present in the cluster anions of 2 and 3 (and 4) and thereby the Nb−Nb distances are much smaller than found in cluster units with halogenido ligands.
Gravitational potential and galaxy rotation curves in multi-fractional spacetimes
Authors: Calcagni Gianluca , Varieschi Gabriele U. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Multi-fractional theories with integer-order derivatives are models of gravitational and matter fields living in spacetimes with variable Hausdorff and spectral dimension, originally proposed as descriptions of geometries arising in quantum gravity. We derive the Poisson equation and the Newtonian potential of these theories starting from their covariant modified Einstein’s equations. In particular, in the case of the theory Tv with weighted derivatives with small fractional corrections, we find a gravitational potential that grows logarithmically at large radii when the fractional exponent takes the special value α = 4/3. This behaviour is associated with a restoration law for the Hausdorff dimension of spacetime independently found in the dark-energy sector of the same theory. As an application, we check whether this potential can serve as an alternative to dark matter for the galaxies NGC7814, NGC6503 and NGC3741 in the SPARC catalogue. We show that their rotation curves at medium-to-large radii can indeed be explained by purely geometric effects, although the Tully-Fisher relation is not reproduced well. We discuss how to fix the small-radius behaviour by lifting some approximations and how to test the model with other observables and an enlarged galaxy sample.
$$ T\overline{T} $$-deformed free energy of the Airy model
Authors: Ebert Stephen , Sun Hao-Yu , Sun Zhengdi 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Sharpening the correspondence of Jackiw-Teitelboim (JT) gravity and its dual matrix model description at a finite radial cutoff λ through the $$ T\overline{T} $$
T

T
¯

deformation is of interest. To proceed, we simplify the problem by considering the Airy model and deform Airy correlators in the same way as in $$ T\overline{T} $$
T

T
¯

-deformed JT gravity. We use those correlators to compute the annealed and quenched free energies for both λ > 0 and λ < 0 from an integral representation of the replica trick. At the leading order in λ and low temperatures, we confirm that the genus-zero quenched free energy monotonically decreases as a function of temperature when perturbation theory is valid. We then study the all-genus quenched free energy at low temperatures, where we discover and discuss subtleties due to non-perturbative effects in the Airy model, as well as the contributions from the non-perturbative branch under the $$ T\overline{T} $$
T

T
¯

deformation.
Quantum phase transitions in a bidimensional O(N) × ℤ2 scalar field model
Authors: Heymans Gustavo O. , Pinto Marcus Benghi , Ramos Rudnei O. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We analyze the possible quantum phase transition patterns occurring within the O(N) × ℤ2 scalar multi-field model at vanishing temperatures in (1 + 1)-dimensions. The physical masses associated with the two coupled scalar sectors are evaluated using the loop approximation up to second order. We observe that in the strong coupling regime, the breaking O(N) × ℤ2→ O(N), which is allowed by the Mermin-Wagner-Hohenberg-Coleman theorem, can take place through a second-order phase transition. In order to satisfy this no-go theorem, the O(N) sector must have a finite mass gap for all coupling values, such that conformality is never attained, in opposition to what happens in the simpler ℤ2 version. Our evaluations also show that the sign of the interaction between the two different fields alters the transition pattern in a significant way. These results may be relevant to describe the quantum phase transitions taking place in cold linear systems with competing order parameters. At the same time the super-renormalizable model proposed here can turn out to be useful as a prototype to test resummation techniques as well as non-perturbative methods.
Flavour and dark matter in a scoto/type-II seesaw model
Authors: Barreiros D. M. , Câmara H. B. , Joaquim F. R. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The neutrino mass and dark matter (DM) problems are addressed in a Standard Model extension where the type-II seesaw and scotogenic mechanisms coexist. The model features a flavour 𝒵8 discrete symmetry which is broken down to a 𝒵2, stabilising the (scalar or fermion) DM particle. Spontaneous CP violation is implemented through the complex vacuum expectation value of a singlet scalar field, inducing observable CP-violating effects in the lepton sector. The structure of the effective neutrino mass matrix leads to constraints on the low-energy neutrino observables, namely the atmospheric neutrino mixing angle θ23, the Dirac CP-violating phase δ and the absolute neutrino mass scale mlightest. In particular, in most cases, the model selects one θ23 octant with δ ≃ 3π/2. Moreover, the obtained lower bounds on mlightest are typically in the range probed by cosmology. We also analyse the constraints imposed on the model by current experimental limits on charged lepton flavour violating (cLFV) processes, as well as future projected sensitivities. It is shown that the Higgs triplet and scotogenic contributions to cLFV never overlap and that the interplay among Yukawa couplings, dark charged scalar masses and mixing leads to a wide parameter-space region compatible with current experimental bounds. We investigate the scalar and fermion DM parameter space of our model by considering relic density, direct-detection (DD) and collider constraints. For scalar DM the mass interval 68 GeV ≲ mDM ≲ 90 GeV is viable and will be probed by future DD searches. In the fermion DM case, correct relic density is always obtained for mDM ≳ 45 GeV thanks to dark fermion-scalar coannihilation channels.
Effective field theories and cosmological scattering equations
Authors: Armstrong C. , Gomez H. , Jusinskas R. Lipinski , Lipstein A. , Mei J. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We propose worldsheet formulae for wavefunction coefficients of the massive non-linear sigma model (NLSM), scalar Dirac-Born-Infeld (DBI), and special Galileon (sGal) theories in de Sitter momentum space in terms of the recently proposed cosmological scattering equations constructed from conformal generators in the future boundary. The four-point integrands are assembled from simple building blocks and we identify a double copy prescription mapping the NLSM wavefunction coefficient to the DBI and sGal wavefunction coefficients, including mass deformations and curvature corrections. Finally, we compute the soft limits of these wavefunction coefficients and find that they can be written in terms of boundary conformal generators acting on contact diagrams.
Compact objects of spherical symmetry in beyond Horndeski theories
Authors: Bakopoulos A. , Charmousis C. , Kanti P. , Lecoeur N. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We analyse in all generality beyond Horndeski theories of shift symmetry in a static and spherically symmetric spacetime. By introducing four auxiliary functions, we write the field equations in a particularly compact form. We show that assuming additionally parity symmetry renders the system directly integrable giving multiple families of black-hole solutions. These have typically an asymptotically-flat Reissner-Nordstrom behaviour, and emerge in the presence of a canonical kinetic term for the scalar field. In the absence of parity symmetry, we present a general method which allows us to integrate the field equations by choosing the form of only one coupling function and an auxiliary quantity. This method leads to asymptotically flat and AdS black hole solutions with differing properties. We finally discuss disformal transformations within this context as a means of obtaining wormhole and black hole solutions in different theories.
Rules of Geometries of Control in Muslim Architecture: Emergence and Conflicts of a Research Field in France (1863–1899)
Authors: Girón Sierra Francisco Javier 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn the second half of the nineteenth century, studies and hypotheses on the geometric rules used in the past for setting up buildings experienced a growing momentum, fueled by the demands of a discipline in the making: the history of architecture. One area yet to be studied was the regulating geometric lines of Muslim architecture. This article describes how this research emerged and developed in France, highlighting its protagonists, hypotheses, and conceptual framework. The research was carried out by a small group of architects, engineers, and diplomats tied by professional or personal links: Vogüé, Mauss, Dieulafoy, and Choisy, being all of whom were in some way influenced by Viollet-le-Duc. Also discusses is why their sustained efforts failed to achieve a consistent overall picture. At the end of the nineteenth century, the task of describing the geometric of Muslim architecture and finding its place in the universal history of architecture was still open.
Evolution and molecular interactions of major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-G, -E and -F genes
Authors: Arnaiz-Villena Antonio , Suarez-Trujillo Fabio , Juarez Ignacio , Rodríguez-Sainz Carmen , Palacio-Gruber José , Vaquero-Yuste Christian , Molina-Alejandre Marta , Fernández-Cruz Eduardo , Martin-Villa José Manuel 
Published: August 2022

AbstractClassicalHLA(Human Leukocyte Antigen) is the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) in man. HLA genes and disease association has been studied at least since 1967 and no firm pathogenic mechanisms have been established yet.HLA-Gimmune modulation gene (and also-Eand-F) are starting the same arduous way: statistics and allele association are the trending subjects with the same few results obtained byHLAclassical genes, i.e., no pathogenesis may be discovered after many years of a great amount of researchers’ effort. Thus, we believe that it is necessary to follow different research methodologies: (1) to approach this problem, based on how evolution has worked maintaining together a cluster of immune-related genes (the MHC) in a relatively short chromosome area since amniotes to human at least, i.e., immune regulatory genes (MHC-G, -E and -F), adaptive immune classical class I and II genes, non-adaptive immune genes like (C2, C4 and Bf) (2); in addition to using new in vitro models which explain pathogenetics ofHLAand disease associations. In fact, this evolution may be quite reliably studied during about 40 million years by analyzing the evolution ofMHC-G, -E, -F, and their receptors (KIR—killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptor, NKG2—natural killer group 2-, or TCR-T-cell receptor—among others) in the primate evolutionary lineage, where orthology of these molecules is apparently established, although cladistic studies show thatMHC-GandMHC-Bgenes are the ancestral class I genes, and that New World apesMHC-Gis paralogous and not orthologous to all other apes and manMHC-Ggenes. In the present review, we outline past and possible future research topics: co-evolution of adaptiveMHCclassical (class I and II), non-adaptive (i.e., complement) and modulation (i.e., non-classical class I) immune genes may imply that the study of full or part of MHC haplotypes involving several loci/alleles instead of single alleles is important for uncovering HLA and disease pathogenesis. It would mainly apply to starting research on HLA-G extended haplotypes and disease association and not only using single HLA-G genetic markers.