bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aster repulsion drives short-ranged ordering in the Drosophila syncytial blastoderm
Authors: de-Carvalho Jorge , Tlili Sham , Hufnagel Lars , Saunders Timothy E. , Telley Ivo A. 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT
Biological systems are highly complex, yet notably ordered structures can emerge. During syncytial stage development of the Drosophila melanogaster embryo, nuclei synchronously divide for nine cycles within a single cell, after which most of the nuclei reach the cell cortex. The arrival of nuclei at the cortex occurs with remarkable positional order, which is important for subsequent cellularisation and morphological transformations. Yet, the mechanical principles underlying this lattice-like positional order of nuclei remain untested. Here, using quantification of nuclei position and division orientation together with embryo explants, we show that short-ranged repulsive interactions between microtubule asters ensure the regular distribution and maintenance of nuclear positions in the embryo. Such ordered nuclear positioning still occurs with the loss of actin caps and even the loss of the nuclei themselves; the asters can self-organise with similar distribution to nuclei in the wild-type embryo. The explant assay enabled us to deduce the nature of the mechanical interaction between pairs of nuclei. We used this to predict how the nuclear division axis orientation changes upon nucleus removal from the embryo cortex, which we confirmed in vivo with laser ablation. Overall, we show that short-ranged microtubule-mediated repulsive interactions between asters are important for ordering in the early Drosophila embryo and minimising positional irregularity.
Benefits and limitations for the use of radiation dose management systems in medical imaging. Practical experience in a university hospital
Authors: Vano Eliseo , Fernández José M , Ten José I. , Sanchez Roberto M. 
Published: January 2022

Objectives: Radiation dose management systems (DMS) are currently used to help improve radiation protection in medical imaging and interventions. This study presents our experience using a homemade DMS called DOLQA (Dose On-Line for Quality Assurance). Methods: Our DMS is connected to 14 X-ray systems in a university hospital linked to the central data repository of a large network of 16 public hospitals in the Autonomous Community of Madrid, with 6.7 million inhabitants. The system allows us to manage individual patient dose data and groups of procedures with the same clinical indications, and compare them with diagnostic reference levels (DRLs). The system can also help to prioritise optimisation actions. Results: This study includes results of imaging examinations from 2020, with 37,601 procedures and 286,471 radiation events included in the radiation dose structured reports (RDSR), for computed tomography (CT), interventional procedures, positron emission tomography-CT (PET-CT) and mammography. Conclusions: The benefits of the system include: automatic registration and management of patient doses, creation of dose reports for patients, information on recurrent examinations, high dose alerts, and help to define optimisation actions. The system requires the support of medical physicists and implication of radiologists and radiographers. DMSs must undergo periodic quality controls and audit reports must be drawn up and submitted to the hospital’s quality committee. The drawbacks of DMSs include the need for continuous external support (medical physics experts, radiologists, radiographers, technical services of imaging equipment and hospital informatics services) and the need to include data on clinical indication for the imaging procedures. Advances in knowledge: DMS perform automatic management of radiation doses, produces patient dose reports, and registers high dose alerts to suggest optimisation actions. Benefits and limitations are derived from the practical experience in a large university hospital.
Epidemiology of West Nile virus in Africa: An underestimated threat
Authors: Mencattelli Giulia , Ndione Marie Henriette Dior , Rosà Roberto , Marini Giovanni , Diagne Cheikh Tidiane , Diagne Moussa Moise , Fall Gamou , Faye Ousmane , Diallo Mawlouth , Faye Oumar , Savini Giovanni , Rizzoli Annapaola 
Published: January 2022

BackgroundWest Nile virus is a mosquito-borne flavivirus which has been posing continuous challenges to public health worldwide due to the identification of new lineages and clades and its ability to invade and establish in an increasing number of countries. Its current distribution, genetic variability, ecology, and epidemiological pattern in the African continent are only partially known despite the general consensus on the urgency to obtain such information for quantifying the actual disease burden in Africa other than to predict future threats at global scale.Methodology and principal findingsReferences were searched in PubMed and Google Scholar electronic databases on January 21, 2020, using selected keywords, without language and date restriction. Additional manual searches of reference list were carried out. Further references have been later added accordingly to experts’ opinion. We included 153 scientific papers published between 1940 and 2021.This review highlights: (i) the co-circulation of WNV-lineages 1, 2, and 8 in the African continent; (ii) the presence of diverse WNV competent vectors in Africa, mainly belonging to theCulexgenus; (iii) the lack of vector competence studies for several other mosquito species found naturally infected with WNV in Africa; (iv) the need of more competence studies to be addressed on ticks; (iv) evidence of circulation of WNV among humans, animals and vectors in at least 28 Countries; (v) the lack of knowledge on the epidemiological situation of WNV for 19 Countries and (vii) the importance of carrying out specific serological surveys in order to avoid possible bias on WNV circulation in Africa.ConclusionsThis study provides the state of art on WNV investigation carried out in Africa, highlighting several knowledge gaps regarding i) the current WNV distribution and genetic diversity, ii) its ecology and transmission chains including the role of different arthropods and vertebrate species as competent reservoirs, and iii) the real disease burden for humans and animals. This review highlights the needs for further research and coordinated surveillance efforts on WNV in Africa.
Regulación y autorregulación en la creación de contenidos de menores en plataformas digitales [Editorial]
Authors: Martínez-Pastor Esther , Cetina-Presuel Rodrigo , Castelló-Martínez Araceli 
Published: January 2022

El fenómeno de los menores influyentes en las plataformas de vídeos experimenta un crecimiento imparable en el consumo, la actividad, la presencia de marcas alrededor de estos contenidos y la capacidad de influencia y transformación social de algunos contenidos. Todo ello también incrementa la problemática derivada, por ser un fenómeno parcialmente previsto en la normativa vigente. Existen nuevos y emergentes retos investigadores para el colectivo de los públicos involucrados: menores creadores de contenidos, padres, madres o tutores legales, profesionales del medio YouTube, seguidores, docentes e investigadores y sociedad en general. Ser youtuber es una de las cinco profesiones más deseadas por los niños españoles (Adecco, 2021). Inmersos en la cultura de la participación (Jenkins, 2006; Aparici y Osuna-Acedo, 2013), YouTube ofrece un espacio accesible donde almacenar estos contenidos y permite a los usuarios interactuar con ellos al buscar, compartir y comentar contenidos audiovisuales alrededor de los cuales dichos usuarios construyen comunidades. Los/as menores creadores expresan su identidad con vídeos que reflejan su forma de ver la vida e influyen en la comunidad de seguidores (Tur-Viñes, Nuñez- Gómez y González-Río, 2018). Este sociosistema se basa en contenidos audiovisuales con marcadas implicaciones para la publicidad y su regulación y autorregulación. El presente monográfico cumple el objetivo de acercarse al marco normativo y a las iniciativas de autorregulación sobre los menores creadores de contenidos, desde una perspectiva audiovisual, publicitaria y educomunicativa. Este fenómeno ha suscitado la necesidad de reformar normativas de la Unión Europea como la Directiva de Comercio Electrónico, la Directiva de Servicios de Medios Audiovisuales y el Reglamento de Protección de Datos (GDPR), de cambiar políticas en plataformas para ajustarlas a la normativa COPPA -en el caso de EEUU-y de redactar códigos de autorregulación por diversas entidades, muchas veces impulsadas por la interacción, o como resultado de, las acciones de entes regulatorios como la FTC en los Estados Unidos. En torno a dicho marco normativo, el presente monográfico aborda temas relacionados con la publicidad, la protección de los datos personales y de la privacidad y las responsabilidades de los diferentes sujetos que participan de esta realidad, así como el papel de las Administraciones y de los padres de los menores.
Výzkum, experti a politici – podivuhodný život ideje inkluzivního vzdělávání v ČR
Authors: Štech Stanislav 
Published: January 2022

Vliv poznatků pedagogického výzkumu na politické rozhodnutí je vždy zprostředkovaný a působí, pokud ho jednoznačně legitimizuje. Legitimita rozhodnutí je dána silnými „kognitivními základy“, tj. přesvědčivostí poznatků, které jsou politiky uznány, pokud jsou v souladu se sdílenou referenční hodnotou společnosti. Na příkladu zavádění inkluzivního vzdělávání v ČR je identifikováno slabé propojení klíčového konceptu modifikovatelnosti s referenční ideou rovnosti šancí. Zprostředkovateli kognitivního jádra změny se nestali výzkumníci, ale tzv. experti zdůrazňující organizační překážky vzdělavatelnosti žáků se speciálními vzdělávacími potřebami v běžné škole. Jejich hlasy byly zesíleny médii a v důsledku vedly k tomu, že poznatkové jádro reformy bylo potlačeno. Kognitivní základy změny spočívaly v konfrontaci možností a limitů změnitelnosti dispozic žáků s konceptem vrozených a stabilních dispozic. Na scéně tak zůstal jen spor o abstraktně humanistickou podobu rovnosti šancí.
Preparation of highly water-resistant wood adhesives using ECH as a crosslinking agent
Authors: Ding Chen , Li Ning , Chen Zhikang , Zhang Yufei 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In this study, kraft lignin and epichlorohydrin (ECH) were used to prepare no-formaldehyde wood adhesives. The lignin was first treated by ball milling, then reacted with glyoxal to produce glyoxalated lignin under alkaline conditions, and then blended with ECH to prepare lignin-based formaldehyde-free adhesive. The influence of the content of ECH on the physicochemical properties of the adhesives was explored, and the possible synthesis mechanism of the ECH-modified glyoxalated lignin adhesives (glyoxalated kraft lignin-epoxy [GKLE]) was investigated. The results show that ECH was beneficial to improving the plywood shear strength and water resistance; the plywood prepared with GKLE-50 adhesive displays comparable water resistance as phenol–formaldehyde resins and its wet shear strength (type I) was 1.05 MPa, exceeding the Chinese National Standards GB/T 9846-2015. Scanning electron microscopy analysis showed that the increase of ECH content promoted the adhesive to penetrate the wood to form glue nails, improving the wet shear strength of the plywood. Chemical analysis indicated that glyoxalation was used to introduce hydroxyethyl groups into the ortho positions of the aromatic rings of lignin, and then the ring-opening reaction between glyoxalated lignin and ECH occurred forming ether bonds. Overall, lignin has displayed great potential in replacing formaldehyde-based adhesives for industrial applications.
A novel movement system screen for primary care providers: a multisite, observational study
Authors: Kettle Christine , McKay Lauren , Cianciolo Anthony M. , Kareha Stephen M. , Ruggeri Cara E. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Context
Movement of the human body is essential for the interaction of an individual within their environment and contributes to both physical and emotional quality of life. Movement system disorders (MSDs) are kinesiopathologic conditions that result from either altered movement patterns, trauma, or pathology. A screening tool may facilitate earlier diagnosis and treatment of acute MSDs. This tool could prevent progression to chronic conditions, leading to better patient outcomes and quality of life.

Objectives
Our study evaluated whether a screening tool would be able to accurately screen individuals for MSDs, explore comorbidities that may predict the prevalence of MSDs, and identify why people do not discuss these problems with their primary care provider (PCP).

Methods
A multisite, observational study in a primary care setting. Data were analyzed to determine the psychometric properties of the screening question. Logistic regression was performed to explore the relationship of comorbidities with MSDs. Thematic analysis was performed to explore why patients do not discuss these issues with their PCP.

Results
The point prevalence of MSDs was determined to be 78%. The sensitivity of the screening question was determined to be good (70%). Arthritis, obesity, sleep disorders, and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) were significant predictors for an MSD. Thematic analysis regarding why patients do not discuss the MSD with their physician revealed: (1) the perceived lack of importance of the problem; (2) the lack of access to healthcare, and (3) the acuity of the problem.

Conclusions
Screening for an MSD and associated comorbidities could prevent the transition of acute conditions to chronic conditions. If PCPs can identify predictors and factors associated with an MSD, they may be able to screen for MSDs more effectively. Earlier identification of MSDs may facilitate earlier treatment and prevent costs associated with resulting chronic disorders and persistent pain and disability.
Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles and evaluation of their anti-bacterial activities: use ofAloe barbadensis millerandOcimum tenuiflorumleaf extracts
Authors: Sharma Saurabh , Kumar Kuldeep , Thakur Naveen 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe presence of various phytochemicals makes the leaf extract-based green synthesis advantageous to other conventional methods, as it facilitates the production of non-toxic by-product. In the present study, leaf extracts from two different plants:Aloe barbadensis millerandOcimum tenuiflorum, were used to synthesise Ag nanoparticles. The absorbance at 419-432 nm from UV-visible spectroscopy indicates the formation of Ag in the synthesised samples. The effect of precursors’ concentration on the stability, size and shape of the synthesised samples has also been investigated at constant heating temperature, stirring time, and the pH of the solution. The TEM results showed that all the synthesised samples of nanoparticles demonstrated stability with a size range of 7-70 and 9-48 nm withAloe barbadensis millerandOcimum tenuiflorumleaf extracts, respectively. The formation of smaller Ag nanoparticles due to utilisation of different precursor concentration and leaf extracts was also explained. The synthesised samples’ anti-bacterial activity was examined against the pathogens,Bacillus subtilis,Staphylococcus aureus, andEscherichia coli. In general, the green synthesis approach established a prospective for developing highly stable Ag nanoparticles with rigid particle shape/size distribution from different leaf extracts for the development of better anti-bacterial agents.
Generation of high-uniformity and high-resolution Bessel beam arrays through all-dielectric metasurfaces
Authors: Chen Lei , Kanwal Saima , Yu Binbin , Feng Jijun , Tao Chunxian , Wen Jing , Zhang Dawei 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Bessel beam arrays are progressively attracting attention in recent years due to their remarkable non-diffracting nature and parallel manipulation capabilities in diverse applications. However, the poor phase discretization of conventional approaches such as spatial light modulators leads to low numerical aperture (NA) beam arrays due to the limitation imposed by the Nyquist sampling theorem and poor uniformity of the beam intensity. The key contribution of this study is to experimentally demonstrate the generation of high-uniformity and high-resolution Bessel beam arrays by utilizing all-dielectric metasurfaces. This is attained by optimizing the design of the supercell of a Dammann grating, particularly decreasing each supercell of the grating to a proper size. We demonstrate a 4 × 4 array of Bessel beams with a subwavelength transverse dimension (570 nm, ∼0.9λ) and a large NA of 0.4 for each beam in the array, while maintaining a relatively high uniformity intensity (52.40%) for the array. Additionally, the Bessel beam arrays are generated in a broadband range through the proposed all-dielectric metasurfaces. Our results are of great significance and particularly useful for applications of metasurface-based Bessel beam arrays in multidisciplinary fields such as laser fabrication, biomedical imaging, data storage, and multi-particle trapping.
Dynamic inversion of planar-chiral response of terahertz metasurface based on critical transition of checkerboard structures
Authors: Urade Yoshiro , Fukawa Kai , Miyamaru Fumiaki , Okimura Kunio , Nakanishi Toshihiro , Nakata Yosuke 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Dynamic inversion of the planar-chiral responses of a metasurface is experimentally demonstrated in the terahertz regime. To realize this inversion, the critical transition of the checkerboard-like metallic structures is used. Resonant structures with planar chirality and their complementary enantiomeric patterns are embedded in the checkerboard. Using vanadium dioxide as a variable resistance, the metasurface is implemented in the terahertz regime. The responses of the metasurface to circularly polarized waves are then characterized by terahertz time-domain spectroscopy. Further, the sign of the circular conversion dichroism, which is closely related to the handedness of the planar chirality of the metasurface, is observed to be inverted at 0.64 THz by varying the temperature. Such invertible planar-chiral responses can be applied practically to the handedness-invertible chiral mirrors.
Hybrid films from plant and bacterial nanocellulose: mechanical and barrier properties
Authors: Cruz Thiago Moreira , Mascarenhas Adriano Reis Prazeres , Scatolino Mário Vanoli , Faria Douglas Lamounier , Matos Lays Camila , Duarte Paulo Junio , Neto João Moreira , Mendes Lourival Marin , Tonoli Gustavo Henrique Denzin 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The accumulation of petroleum polymers compromises biodiversity and causes environmental problems. Nanocellulose enhances biodegradability and can improve the physical-mechanical performance of materials. The objective was to produce and characterize hybrid films composed of bacterial cellulose (BC) and plant nanocellulose from Eucalyptus (Euc) or Pinus (Pin). Films were produced by the casting method using filmogenic suspensions with different cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) proportions from both the sources (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 %). CNFs suspensions were characterized by transmission electron microscopy. The morphology of the films was analyzed using scanning electron microscopy. In addition, the transparency, contact angle, wettability, oil and water vapor barrier and mechanical properties were also evaluated. The contact angles were smaller for films with BC and the wettability was greater when comparing BC with plant CNFs (0.10 °

s

−
1

{\text{s}^{-1}}

for 75 % Euc/25 % BC and 0.20 °

s

−
1

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for 25 % Euc/75 % BC). The water vapor permeability (WVP) of the 100 % BC films and the 25 % Euc/75 % BC composition were the highest among the studied compositions. Tensile strength, Young’s modulus and puncture strength decreased considerably with the addition of BC in the films. More studies regarding pre-treatments to purify BC are needed to improve the mechanical properties of the films.
Investigation of the effect of light fastness on the color changes of maps prepared by electrophotographic digital printing
Authors: Özomay Zafer , Söz Çağla Koşak , Sönmez Sinan 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn this study the prints were made on paper substrates, which were thought as map substrate alternatives, with 3 different surface properties at 1200 dpi by using the electrophotographic printing system. Color and gloss values of the samples were determined both before and after exposure to light for a period of 42 hours to determine the light fastness of the substrate and the print on it. The studies revealed that after the light fastness tests (i) the width of the color universe of the papers with matte surfaces is more than that of the papers with glossy surfaces, (ii) the loss of brightness of woodfree paper is higher than that of the other paper samples and (iii) the print chroma values obtained in woodfree paper is lower than those of the coated surfaces. Moreover, (iv) the deltaE00{E_{00}}measurements revealed that all paper samples experienced different color losses in different colors, and the most significant differences in these color losses were in magenta and black.
Dicarbonyl compounds in the synthesis of heterocycles under green conditions
Authors: Hartwig Daniela , Soares Liane K. , Dapper Luiz H. , Nascimento José E. R. , Lenardão Eder João 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Carbon–carbon and carbon-heteroatom bond forming reactions are strategically employed for the generation of a variety of heterocyclic systems. This class of compounds represents the most general structural unit, present in many natural compounds. They are recognized for their valuable biologically properties and wide range of applications in medicinal, pharmaceutical, and other related fields of chemistry. This is an updated review on the use of dicarbonyl compounds under environmentally friendly conditions to access a series of heterocyclic structures, e.g., quinoxaline, quinazolinones, benzochalcogenazoles, indoles, among others. Synthetic protocols involving copper-catalyzed, multicomponent and cascade reactions, decarboxylative cyclization, recycling of CO2, and electrochemical approaches are presented and discussed.
A Literature Review of Bitumen Aging: From Laboratory Procedures to Field Evaluation
Authors: Siroma Rodrigo Shigueiro , Nguyen Mai Lan , Hornych Pierre , Chailleux Emmanuel 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Because bitumen aging is behind the major pavement distresses, a better understanding of it is of utmost importance for tailoring longer-lasting roads and developing more effective maintenance strategies. For this purpose, this paper presents an in-depth review of the relevant literature on the aging phenomenon of neat (unmodified) bitumen. The main accelerated laboratory aging procedures as well as some recent ones, for both bitumen and asphalt mix, are presented, and their effectiveness in reproducing the effects corresponding to field aging are discussed. Then, the main laboratory tests used to track the evolution of bitumen aging and some end-of-life criteria that reflect poor pavement performance are outlined. Finally, a promising method whereby the colloidal structure of bitumen can be estimated from its rheological behavior is presented.