bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Tamoxifen Citrate on Granulosa Cells of Ovarian Follicles in Adult Female Rats: Light Microscopic Study
Authors: Aljassim Fatimah Khalil , El-Sheikh Amal Ahmed , Motabagani Mohamed A. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background:
Tamoxifen is a drug that has been used extensively as a chemotherapeutic agent for breast cancer. It should be taken for a long period, from few weeks up to many years, so it can induce gynecological and nongynecological complications.

Aim:
Present study was conducted to clarify the histopathological effects of tamoxifen intake on the ovarian follicles of rats and evaluate the promising recovery after drug withdrawal.

Materials and Methods:
Adult female albino rats (n = 24) were randomly divided into four groups. Group I: Control rats without treatment. Group II: Rats received olive oil vehicle. Group III: Rats received 5 mg/kg daily of tamoxifen dissolved in olive oil by oral administration for 4 weeks. Group IV: Rats received tamoxifen as in Group III then will be kept for another 4 weeks without treatment for recovery. Then, the rats were anaesthetized and the ovaries were removed and prepared for histological assessment by light microscope.

Results:
The ovarian histological findings in the ovary of Group III revealed an increase in atretic ovarian follicles, appearance of cystic ovarian follicles, and cystic corpus luteum. The granulosa cells of ovarian follicles were disorganized with vacuolation of their cytoplasm, increased number of pyknotic nuclei, fragmented nuclei, and apoptotic bodies. After the withdrawal of drug, the ovarian tissue showed slight improvement with the appearance of some atretic follicles with degenerated oocyte and stromal hyperplasia.

Conclusion:
Based on the results, tamoxifen induced marked histological changes in the ovary. If tamoxifen is mandatory for the prevention of breast cancer, frequent gynecological examination should be carried out to detect any side effects.
To Study the Impact of Different Optimization Methods on Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy and Volumetric-Modulated Arc Therapy Plans for Hip Prosthesis Patients
Authors: Singh Pawan Kumar , Tripathi Deepak , Singh Sukhvir , Bhushan Manindra , Kumar Lalit , Raman Kothanda , Barik Soumitra , Kumar Gourav , Shukla Sushil Kumar , Gairola Munish 
Published: November 2022

Purpose:
To study the impact of different optimization methods in dealing with metallic hip implant using intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT) techniques.

Materials and Methods:
A cohort of 16 patients having metallic implants was selected for the study. Three sets of IMRT and VMAT plans were generated. Set 1 IMRT (IM_Base), VMAT (VM_Base) without any restrictions on beam entry and exit, set 2 (IM_ENT and VM_ENT) optimizer restricts the beam entry and set 3 (IM_EXT+ENT), neither entry nor exit doses were allowed toward the metallic implant.

Results:
There was no significant difference in target (D95%) and organ-at-risk doses between IM_Base and IM_ENT. There were significant (P = 0.002) improvements in planning target volume (PTV) V95% and homogeneity from IM_EXT+ENT to IM_ENT. There was no significant difference in plan quality between VM_Base and VM_ENT. There were significant (P = 0.005) improvements in PTV, V95%, homogeneity from VM_EXT+ENT to VM_ENT. V40Gy, V30Gy for bladder, rectum, bowel, and bowel maximum dose decreases significantly (P < 0.005) in IM_ENT compared to IM_EXT+ENT, but not significant for VMAT plans. Similarly, there was a significant decrease in dose spill outside target (P < 0.05) comparing 40%, 50%, 60%, and 70% dose spills for IM_ENT compared to IM_EXT+ENT, but variations among VMAT plans are insignificant. VMAT plans were always superior to IMRT plans for the same optimization methods.

Conclusion:
The best approach is to plan hip prosthesis cases with blocked entry of radiation beam for IMRT and VMAT. The VMAT plans had more volumetric coverage, fewer hotspots, and lesser heterogeneity.
Knowledge of Puerperal Psychosis among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Clinic in Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital Complex, Ile-Ife, Osun State
Authors: Ademiliyu Helen , Oyeyemi Olajumoke Oyelade , Adebiyi Munirat Olayinka , Adewole Grace Ololade , Emmauel Olufemi Ayandiran , Olufemi Oyediran 
Published: November 2022

Objectives: Puerperal psychosis is the most severe and uncommon form of postnatal mental illness, with rates of 1-2 episodes per 1000 deliveries. The clinical onset is rapid, with the symptoms presenting as early as the first 2 to 3 days postpartum and the majority of episodes developing within the first 2 weeks after delivery. Therefore, this study seeks to assess the knowledge of causes/risk factors, signs & symptoms, effects, and treatments/prevention of puerperal psychosis among pregnant women.
Design: This descriptive study utilises a crosssectional design for data collection. The study was carried out at Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital Complex, Ile-Ife among pregnant women attending the antenatal clinics to assess their knowledge about puerperal psychosis. A sample of two hundred and fifty-five pregnant women was included in this study using the purposive sampling technique. Data collection was done through a self-administered structured questionnaire and the data collected were analysed using a statistical package for the social sciences version.
Results: The result of this study showed that about one-fifth of the respondents had good knowledge of the causes/risk factors of puerperal psychosis, one-fourth had good knowledge of signs, symptoms, and effects of puerperal psychosis while the majority of the respondents had good knowledge on treatment/prevention of puerperal psychosis. Generally, this study concludes that about onefourth of the respondents attending the antenatal clinic in Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital Complex, Ile-Ife, had good knowledge about puerperal psychosis.
Conclusion: This study concludes that although the majority of the respondents possess good knowledge of treatment and prevention of puerperal psychosis, only a few had good knowledge of the causes/risk factors as well as knowledge of signs, symptoms, and effects of puerperal psychosis.
Perception de la fertilité des sols et stratégies d’adaptation des producteurs agricoles à Samandéni (Burkina Faso)
Authors: Ouedraogo Arnaud , Kabore Fidèle , Kabore Oumar 
Published: November 2022

La dégradation des sols cultivés constitue l’une des contraintes majeures limitant la productivité de l’agriculture en Afrique sub-saharienne et au Burkina Faso. La présente recherche vise une meilleure compréhension des pratiques et perceptions des producteurs agricoles de Samandéni, afin d’aboutir à des solutions d’amélioration de la fertilité des sols. Le thème retenu à cet effet est : Perception de la fertilité des sols et stratégies d’adaptation agricole des producteurs à Samandéni (Burkina Faso). La démarche adoptée a consisté à effectuer des enquêtes socio-économiques par administration de questionnaire auprès de 105 ménages agricoles, et des entretiens auprès de personnes ressources, à des observations directes sur le terrain et à l’analyse des résultats des tests de laboratoire. La recherche a révélé que les paysans sont en majorité conscients de la baisse de fertilité des sols (62%). Leurs stratégies d’adaptation sont l’apport de la fumure organique (25%) et d’engrais minéraux (85%), l’utilisation des cordons pierreux (34%), le recours à la Régénération Naturelle Assistée (RNA) (12%) et à la jachère (10%). Des nouvelles stratégies agricoles doivent être renforcées, prenant en compte les connaissances endogènes des paysans afin d’optimiser les résultats escomptés.
The degradation of cultivated soils is one of the major constraints limiting agricultural productivity in sub-Saharan Africa and in Burkina Faso. The present research aims at a better understanding of the practices and perceptions of agricultural producers in Samandéni, in order to find solutions for improving soil fertility. The theme chosen for this research is: Perception of soil fertility and agricultural adaptation strategies of farmers in Samandéni (Burkina Faso). The approach adopted consisted of socio-economic surveys by administering questionnaires to 105 farm households, interviews with resource persons, direct observations in the field and analysis of laboratory test results. The research revealed that the majority of farmers are aware of the decline in soil fertility (62%). Their coping strategies are the use of organic manure (25%) and mineral fertilisers (85%), the use of stone barriers (34%), the use of Assisted Natural Regeneration (ANR) (12%) and fallow (10%). New agricultural strategies need to be strengthened, taking into account the endogenous knowledge of farmers in order to optimise the expected results.
Evaluation de l’effet d’extrait de Thonningia sanguinea (THOS) a différents taux d’incorporation sur les performances zootechniques de poules locales (Gallus gallus domesticus) en Côte d’Ivoire
Authors: Ahouchi Simon Valincourt , Sika Angèle Nygblé , N’dri Lydie Aya , N’Guessan Jean David 
Published: November 2022

L’élevage de poules a connu ces dernières années un développement rapide dans de nombreux pays d’Afrique grâce à une assistance sanitaire des animaux et au progrès réalisé en nutrition animale. Les coûts élevés des intrants des aliments des volailles ont suscités la recherche d’intrants de substitution. L’objectif de ce travail était d’évaluer l’effet de l’incorporation de Thonningia sanguinea (THOS) dans l’aliment sur la croissance du poulet local. THOS a été incorporé dans l’aliment à 5% (THOS5), 10% (THOS10) et 15% (THOS15) et comparé à un aliment témoin (THOS0) pour déterminer le meilleur taux d’incorporation pour une croissance optimale des animaux. L’analyse bromatologique a revelé que la poudre de Thonningia sanguinea contient des protéines (22,62% de matière sèche (MS)), des matières grasses (4,77% MS), du calcium (1,36% MS), du phosphore (0,44% MS) des fibres (cellulose brute, 5,33% MS) et sa valeur énergétique est de 2251,73 kcals EM/kg MS. Par contre, la poudre de Thonningia sanguinea ne contient pas d’aflatoxine B1. L’apport énergétique des rations étaient de 3005,98 Kcal/kg, 3064,08 Kcal/kg et de 3009,63 Kcal/kg respectivement pour THOS5, THOS10, THOS15. Cette étude a montré que l’incorporation de THOS à 5% permet une meileure croissance que les autres taux.
The hen breeding experienced these last years a fast development in many countries of Africa thanks to a medical assistance of the animals and with the progress made in animal nutrition. The high costs of the intrants of food of the poultries caused the search for intrants of substitution. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of the incorporation of Thonningia sanguinea (THOS) in food on the growth of local chicken. THOS was built-in in food with 5% (THOS5), 10% (THOS10) and 15% (THOS15) and compared with a pilot food (THOS0) to determine the best rate of incorporation for an optimal growth of the animals. The bromatologic analysis revelé that the powder of Thonningia sanguinea contains proteins (matter 22.62% dry (ms)), of the fat content (4.77% ms), of calcium (1.36% ms), the phosphorus (0.44% ms) of fibres (crude fibre, 5.33% ms) and its energy value is of 2251.73 kcals EM/kg ms On the other hand, the powder of Thonningia sanguinea does not contain aflatoxine B1. The energy contribution of the rations were 3005.98 Kcal/kg, 3064.08 Kcal/kg and of 3009.63 Kcal/kg respectively for THOS5, THOS10, THOS15.This study showed that the incorporation of THOS with 5% allows a good growth that the other rates.
Essai de la pratique de lombriculture dans les sols dégradés de la ville de Kikwit Province du Kwilu en RD Congo
Authors: Madikani K.E. , Milau E.F. , Koy K.R. , Musibono E.D. 
Published: November 2022

Les services écosystémiques fournis par la faune du sol sont primordiaux à la mise en place d’une agriculture écologiquement intensive. L’hinterland de la ville de Kikwit en RD Congo est caractérisé par des sols pauvres, acides et peu fertiles. Ainsi, cette étude avait pour objectif, l’amélioration de la productivité des sols par la production et l’inoculation des vers de terre. Les résultats obtenus ont montré que la production des vers de terre peut être assurée par les déjections des herbivores, dont les crottes de lapins. Il a été observé dans les crottes de lapins au 84e jour de culture en moyenne 83 individus, 3,6 gr et 23,7 cm par individu, respectivement pour l’abondance, le poids et la longueur. Les résultats moyens des paramètres environnementaux observés dans les crottes de lapins au 84e jour de culture étaient de 25,01°C ; 79,63% et 7,2, respectivement pour la température, l’humidité et le pH. Les crottes de lapins ont donc présenté un substrat idéal pour l’élevage des vers de terre dans les conditions édaphoclimatiques de la région de Kikwit. Toutefois, une étude plus poussée sur l’évaluation économique de cette technologie serait incontournable avant toute promotion.
The ecosystem services provided by soil fauna are essential to the establishment of ecologically intensive agriculture. The hinterland of the city of Kikwit in the DR Congo is characterized by poor, acidic and infertile soils. Thus, this study aimed to improve soil productivity through the production and inoculation of earthworms. The results obtained showed that the production of earthworms can be ensured by the droppings of herbivores, including rabbit droppings. It was observed in rabbit droppings on the 84th day of culture on average 83 individuals, 3.6 g and 23.7 cm per individual, respectively for abundance, weight and length. The mean results of the environmental parameters observed in the droppings of rabbits on the 84th day of culture were 25.01°C; 79.63% and 7.2, respectively for temperature, humidity and pH. Rabbit droppings therefore presented an ideal substrate for the breeding of earthworms in the edaphoclimatic conditions of the Kikwit region. However, further study on the economic evaluation of this technology would be essential before any promotion.
Apports socioéconomiques des ligneux exploités au Sahel : cas du bassin d’approvisionnement en bois-énergie de N’Djaména au Tchad
Authors: Kebyei Noé , Ngaryo Fidèle Tonalta , Mbaï-Asbe Betoubam , Doudjindingao Antoine , Moussa Chahad Aouadalkarim 
Published: November 2022

La majorité de la population tchadienne continue par s’approvisionner en bois-énergie. Le présent travail vise à identifier les ligneux appréciés par les populations et leurs modes d’utilisations dans les Départements de Baguirmi et de Chari. L’inventaire floristique a été effectué dans 80 placettes. Les enquêtes ont porté sur un échantillon de 300 personnes. Les résultats ont montré que sur le plan botanique 55 ligneuses sont reparties en 19 familles et 34 genres dominées par les Mimosaceae, les Combretaceae et les Fabaceae (16,36% chacune). En ethnobotanique, 16 ligneux sont utilisés dans l’alimentation dont 72,3% dans le Baguirmi et 27,7% dans le Chari. L’artisanat totalise 13 ligneux contre 16 pour le fourrage et 10 pour la construction. Le bois-énergie compte 22 ligneux contre 30 en pharmacopée traditionnelle. L’inventaire floristique totalise 1.285 individus dans le Département de Baguirmi contre 674 individus dans le Chari. Les galeries forestières sont les plus exploitées. Ces différents apports socioéconomiques ajoutés au changement climatique entravent la capacité de résilience des ligneux locaux. Pour faire face à l’action anthropique, l’implication du pouvoir public et ses partenaires, la sensibilisation des populations et la valorisation des résultats de la recherche scientifique sont indispensables pour une gestion rationnelle et durable de ces ressources naturelles.
The majority of the Chadian population continues to stock up on fuelwood. This work aims to identify the woody species appreciated by the populations and their modes of use in the Departments of Baguirmi and Chari. The floristic inventory was carried out in 80 plots. The surveys covered a sample of 300 people. The results showed that botanically 55 woody plants are divided into 19 families and 34 genera dominated by Mimosaceae, Combretaceae and Fabaceae (16.36% each). In ethnobotany, 16 woody are used in food, including 72.3% in Baguirmi and 27.7% in Chari. Handicraft totals 13 woody against 16 for fodder and 10 for construction. Fuelwood has 22 woody species against 30 in traditional pharmacopoeia. The floristic inventory totals 1,285 individuals in the Department of Baguirmi against 674 individuals in Chari. The gallery forests are the most exploited. These various socio-economic contributions added to climate change hinder the resilience capacity of local woody species. To deal with anthropogenic action, the involvement of public authorities and their partners, raising public awareness and promoting the results of scientific research are essential for rational and sustainable management of these natural resources.
Effective Doses and Excess Lifetime Cancer Risks from Absorbed Dose Rates Measured in Facilities of Two Tertiary Institutions in Nigeria
Authors: Olowookere C. J. , Jibiri N. N. , Oyekunle E. O. , Fatukasi J. , Osho E. S. , Raheem A. A. , Adejumo D. B. , Awolola T. A. 
Published: November 2022

This study was aimed at examining the radiation absorbed dose rate, annual effective doses and excess lifetime cancer risks of halls of residence, Radiotherapy Unit and Radiology Department of UI, UCH and UNIMEDTH respectively. Results of measurements show that the mean absorbed dose rate for male and female hall are 0.33 ± 0.05476 and 0.17 ± 0.05074 µSv h-1 respectively. The mean overall absorbed dose rates calculated for facilities studied are 0.269 ± 0.0992 µSv h-1, 0.121 ± 0.036 µSv h-1 and 0.123 ± 0.00931 µSv h-1 in UI, UCH and UNIMEDTH respectively. The mean annual effective doses recorded in both male and female halls in University of Ibadan ranges between 0.71 mSv y-1 and 2.67 mSv y-1. The mean annual effective doses obtained from the facility of University of Medical Sciences Teaching Hospital, Ondo (UNIMEDTH) ranges between 0.17 and 0.44 mSv y-1. In addition, the mean annual effective doses calculated from the measured absorbed dose rate in Radiotherapy Department of University College Hospital, Ibadan ranges between 0.20 and 1.22 mSv y-1. As regards ELCRs, the mean values determined in various facilities examined are 6.07 x 10-3 (Male Halls, UI), 3.27 x 10-3 (Female Halls, UI), 0.57 x 10-3 (UNIMEDTH- NE), 0.99 x 10-3 (UNIMEDTH- EX), 0.65 x x 10-3 (Teletherapy, UCH) and 0.57 x 10-3 (Brachytherapy, UCH).The mean ELCRs of both halls examined are higher than the world average of 1.45 x 10-3 and the standard value of 0.29 x 10-3 by at least a factor of 1.97 units.
Modelling the Transmission Dynamics of COVID-19 Incorporating public Enlightenment Campaign
Authors: Ashezua T. T. , Aondona L. C. , Amaonyeiro A. U. 
Published: November 2022

A mathematical model to study the transmission dynamics of COVID-19 incorporating public enlightenment campaign as control is presented. The effective reproduction number (Rc) was computed using the next generation method. Using the Lyapunov method, the global stability of the disease-free equilibrium was found to be globally asymptotically stable whenever (Rc ≤ 1) . Sensitivity analysis was conducted on the effective reproduction number in order to determine parameters of the model that are most sensitive and targeted by way of intervention strategies. Numerical simulations of the COVID-19 model shows that if of both treatment and public enlightenment campaign is achieved, the pandemic will be greatly controlled and subsequently eradicated in the population.
Targeting GSK-3β enzyme by diazepino-quinolone derivatives
Authors: Swellmeen Lubna , Basheer Haneen A , Uzrail Amal , Sallam Haneen , Al-Hiari Yusuf , Alkilani Ahlam 
Published: November 2022

Purpose: To synthesize a heterocyclic system containing quinolone and diazepine scaffolds as GSK-3β inhibitor.
Methods: The diazepino-quinoline derivatives were synthesized starting from quinolone nucleus in a simple chemical reaction. The in vitro GSK-3β enzyme assay and MTT assay against cancer cell lines were carried out followed by Z´ı-LYTE GSK-3β assay. Anticancer activity was determined using U-87 glioma cell line.
Results: Diazepino-quinoline derivatives were obtained in a good yield, and compound 102 exhibited significant activity against in vitro GSK-3β (IC50: 0.114 μM), and anticancer activity (IC50: 37 μM) against U-87 glioma cell line.
Conclusion: The GSK-3β enzyme is a potential target to treat different diseases, and diazepines derivatives are a successful template for inhibitors design against GSK-3β enzyme with IC50 in a micromolar range.
Establishing convergent validity of a medication literacy assessment instrument for use within the Nigerian setting
Authors: Abdu-Aguye Samirah N , Abi Ruth U , Auwal Fatima I , Shehu Aishatu , Mohammed Elijah NA 
Published: November 2022

Purpose: To establish convergent validity of a previously designed medication literacy instrument for use in Nigeria.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Zaria, Kaduna State from May to August 2021, with structured instruments administered to conveniently sampled members of the public via one-on-one interviews to collect data. These instruments included a previously designed medication literacy assessment instrument and the Newest Vital Sign United Kingdom version (NVS-UK) health literacy assessment questionnaire. Data obtained was reported using descriptive and inferential statistics.
Results: Three hundred respondents were interviewed, majority of whom were females (51 %) and aged between 15 – 25 (76.6 %). The percentage of correct responses to the NVS-UK questions ranged from 22 to 58.3 %, while the total number of NVS-UK questions answered correctly by respondents ranged from 0 to 6 with a mean of 2.2 ± 1.7. Respondents’ NVS-UK scores were associated with their highest level of education completed (p = 0.001). The NVS-UK showed adequate internal consistency (Cronbach’s Alpha = 0.7) and validation of the developed medication literacy instrument against the NVS-UK demonstrated a Spearman’s rho correlation coefficient of 0.42.
Conclusion: The designed instrument is valid and can be used to assess medication literacy within the country.