bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deep Fjords Are Excellent Natural Infrastructure for Climate Impact Studies
Authors: Salvanes Anne Gro Vea , Gallo Natalya D. , Solås Martine Røysted , Saltalamacchia Francesco , Aksnes Dag L. , Darelius Elin , Christiansen Svenja , Folkvord Arild , Hosia Aino , Kaartvedt Stein , Levin Lisa , Limburg Karin , Martell Luis , Midtøy Frank , Myksvoll Mari , Risebrobakken Bjørg , Savolainen Heikki , Skadal Julie , Staby Arved 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTFjords provide valuable research opportunities for marine scientists. They are excellent natural infrastructure for climate impact studies associated with hypoxic episodes and consequences for mesopelagic and deep‐sea ecosystems involving oceanographic circulation processes and basin water renewals. Repeated sampling from the same populations is possible, making fjords excellent systems for developing time series of data for climate impact studies. We provide an overview of the 14 years of data from Norwegian West Coast fjords, focusing on Masfjorden, and report major findings from Oslofjorden in Eastern Norway, exhibiting recurrent hypoxia in the basin waters. We document that the oxygen levels in Masfjorden decreased rapidly by over 60% at 450 m depth in < 8 years, which is much faster than the average rate of deoxygenation in the global ocean. We also discuss the increase in the deep‐sea and low‐light‐adapted coronate jellyfish Periphylla periphylla in view of altered optical conditions of the basin water potentially related to deoxygenation. We argue that fjords like Masfjorden and Oslofjorden are not only macrocosms for ecological processes but also are likely an accelerated version of deep oceans with respect to climate impacts.
Bowel regimens before radical cystectomy: An analysis of a modern cohort
Authors: Simhal Rishabh K. , McPartland Connor , Wang Kerith R. , Buck Matthew , Shah Yash B. , Poluch Maria L. , Hochberg Aaron R. , Im Brian H. , Chandrasekar Thenappan , Shah Mihir S. , Lallas Costas D. 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionBowel regimens (BR) before radical cystectomy (RC) are currently not recommended by Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocols, as prior studies have shown BRs lead to worsened outcomes. However, many of those studies have used historic literature before recent surgical advancements such as minimally invasive RC and have not investigated the impact BRs have by type of urinary diversion. Our goal is to determine the outcomes of preoperative BR in patients undergoing RC based on diversion type using a modern patient cohort.MethodsRCs performed between 2019 and 2020 with BR information available were identified in the American College of Surgeons' National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP). Patients were grouped by type of BR received: no BR, both mechanical bowel preparation (MBP) and preoperative oral antibiotic BR (OABR), MBP only, and OABR only. We conducted propensity score matching based on factors influencing the operative approach. Baseline demographics and 30‐day complication rates were compared between matched groups. We analyzed hospital length of stay (LOS) via multivariate regression with a Poisson distribution.ResultsIn total, 2054 RCs were identified with 2.4% receiving OABR, 21.3% receiving MBP, 5.3% receiving both, and 71.0% receiving no BR. For patients with ileal conduit diversions, outcomes with BRs appeared mixed, as OABR leads to increased LOS. For patients with neobladder diversions, BRs were not associated with any worsened outcomes and were associated with reduced length of stay.ConclusionsBRs such as OABR may associated with improved outcomes in patients receiving RC with neobladder diversion, a finding that warrants further investigation.
Multi‐Level Factors Influencing eHealth Literacy Among Chinese Older Adults: A Longitudinal Study
Authors: Xie Luyao , Mo Phoenix K. H. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAimsBased on the socio‐ecological model, the present study examined influencing factors of eHealth literacy among Chinese older adults at individual‐level (e.g., socio‐demographics, Internet use, and health status), interpersonal (e.g., informational support and instrumental support), and community‐level (e.g., available public facilities).DesignA longitudinal study was conducted among 611 Chinese older adults aged 55 or over.MethodsFrom February to December 2022, older people's eHealth literacy was collected at baseline, 3‐month and 6‐month follow‐up surveys and other variables were collected only at baseline, using online questionnaires.ResultsAmong 611 participants, 464 (75.9%) completed both follow‐up surveys. At the individual level, participants who were older, female gender, rural residents, living alone, had lower education, occupational levels and income, and had chronic conditions and long‐term medication showed lower eHealth literacy. Older adults with longer Internet use history, online health information seeking, more frequent health‐related Internet use, higher self‐rated Internet skills and positive perceptions towards online health information exhibited higher eHealth literacy over time. In terms of interpersonal and community‐level factors, perceiving informational and instrumental support when using digital health, and having access to health facilities (e.g., health education) and technological training provided by the community could predict older individuals' higher eHealth literacy over time, after adjusting for covariates.ConclusionOlder people's eHealth literacy can be influenced by factors at individual, interpersonal, and community levels.Implications and ImpactThis longitudinal study identified significant factors influencing older individuals' eHealth literacy at different levels. Understanding unmodifiable factors at the individual level can help identify the subgroups that may need targeted support and interventions for promoting eHealth literacy. Furthermore, findings can guide tailored interventions to improve eHealth literacy through modifiable factors at the technological, interpersonal and community levels.Reporting MethodAdhered to the STROBE guidelines.Patient or Public ContributionNo patient or public contribution.
Conquering the ‘Collected Treasures’ of Older Adults With Dementia: A Qualitative Study on Caregiver Strategies and Challenges
Authors: Lin Jong‐Ni , Chiu I‐Hsuan , Chou Cheng‐Chen 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAimTo explore hoarding scenarios in older adults with dementia, document management strategies and assess caregiver challenges in these scenarios.DesignThis study employed interpretative phenomenological analysis to guide data collection and analysis.MethodsPurposive sampling recruited 20 caregivers of older adults with dementia from long‐term care facilities and community elderly centres in Taiwan. Semi‐structured interviews, lasting for about 1 h, were conducted with caregivers of older adults with dementia. The study's quality was assessed using five techniques: peer debriefing, member checking, inter‐coder agreement, audit trail, and thick description.ResultsKey themes included hoarding scenarios, checkpoints of pre‐decluttering, attitudes towards hoarding, language used for communication, management approaches for decluttering and caregivers' challenges. Caregivers highlighted the importance of assessing the emotions, cognitive function and backgrounds of older adults with dementia before decluttering for effective management. The onion skin peeling method for gradual decluttering was recommended. Success was more likely when caregivers maintained a positive attitude and adapted communication to the speech patterns of older adults with dementia. Challenges arose from ineffective communication, extreme resistance to decluttering and the need to work in highly unpleasant environments.ConclusionCaregivers face a range of complex challenges when managing hoarding behaviours in older adults with dementia. Pre‐decluttering assessments, a positive caregiving attitude, effective communication and stepwise decluttering strategies can enhance the care experience and support caregivers and individuals with hoarding tendencies.ImpactManaging hoarding behaviours in older adults with dementia requires comprehensive cognitive and emotional assessments, collaborative decluttering and tailored communication. The CALM guideline from this study provides an evidence‐based framework for advanced nursing practice in this area. Through interdisciplinary leadership, refining guideline use and developing training programmes, nurses can standardise and enhance care quality, fostering adaptive, supportive environments for individuals with dementia and hoarding behaviours.Patient or Public ContributionNot applicable.
Technoeconomic Feasibility and Environmental Impact of Producing Milk Protein‐Rich Orally Self‐Disintegrating Puffs Using Supercritical CO2 Extrusion
Authors: Anwar Ul Alam Mohammad , Uhrin Jessica A. , Rizvi Syed S. H. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe present market for orally self‐disintegrating puffs designed for infants is carbohydrate‐based (over 85%), therefore lacking in protein and the capacity to induce prolonged satiety. This product category overlooks the dietary requirements of older adults afflicted with swallowing difficulties or lactose intolerance. To address this gap, a combination of milk protein concentrate (MPC), raspberry powder (2.5%RP), and lactose hydrolyzed skim milk powder (LHSMP) was used to produce nutritious puffs by supercritical fluid extrusion (SCFX). This study seeks to evaluate the technoeconomic feasibility of elderly and baby puffs using SCFX. A low‐temperature, low‐shear SCFX process with CO2 was employed to produce orally self‐disintegrating puffs, featuring protein levels of approximately 52.1% (SCFX elderly puffs) and 49.8% (SCFX baby puffs), exhibiting similar disintegration characteristics (p > 0.05) to commercial baby puffs. Through 12 h of daily production run, the margin of safety was calculated to be 29.12% for elderly and 29.20% for baby puffs where the break‐even point was 0.76 years for both types of puffs. The costs of elderly and baby puffs were calculated to be $42.93/kg and $42.80/kg, respectively. These costs align favorably with carbohydrate‐based commercial puffs (USD 50.24–66.88/kg). The SCFX system (1.03 kW/h) consumes similar energy as conventional extrusion (0.98 kW/h) but has a lower carbon footprint per unit extractable protein (1686.11–2438.12 kg) compared to conventional extrusion (5052.78–7313.72 kg). In conclusion, the processing and marketing of SCFX elderly and SCFX baby puffs are technoeconomically feasible, potentially profitable, nutritious, and present an attractive opportunity for entry into the consumer product market.
Application of Artificial Neural Network (ANN) in Ultrasound‐Assisted Extraction of Bioactive Compounds
Authors: Chakraborty Sourav , Das Maitreye , Ghosh Tabli , Dash Kshirod Kumar 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTArtificial neural network (ANN) is regarded as a promising tool among the recent trends of modeling methodologies for the nonlinear mapping of multiple variables. In the case of the ultrasound‐assisted extraction (UAE) process, the majority of the response‐based predictive models are administered with nonlinear modeling approaches. Numerical models provide restricted extension and abilities to show such nonlinear prescient conditions. Due to this, ANN modeling gets considerable scope for effectively mapping the variables. In addition, the essential of no prior specific, in the event that there ought to emerge an event of fitting the data or information, make ANN the most popular and compelling one for modeling the extraction process. This paper provides the basics of principles and applications of ANNs in process modeling and optimization of different UAE‐based extraction perspectives. In addition, the prevalence of the UAE process in diverging from other extraction methods is highlighted. Further, the impact of various process factors like ultrasound intensity, exposure time, and temperature during the UAE interaction and their prescient modeling approaches for efficient controlling of the responses are detailed. Hence, this review would be useful for modeling and optimization of thermal and non‐thermal‐based extraction processes, which would assist the food processing industries to improve food quality.
Numerical Method‐Based Grain Temperature Distribution of Semi‐Underground Double‐Storey Squat Silos During Static Storage
Authors: Jin Libing , Zhu Doudou , Li Chuang , Qiao Linran , Wang Xu , Wu Qiang 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTGrain temperature (GT) is a crucial factor in determining the safety of grain storage. To elucidate the evolution rule of grain storage temperature distribution (TD) in semi‐underground double‐storey squat silos (SUDSSS), a numerical model of the TD of stored grain was constructed. A numerical model of the TD of the grain bulk (GBUL) in the squat silo and the underground silo was developed, and the model was validated through field experiments. Then, a numerical model of the TD of the GBUL in SUDSSS was established. The TD of storage grain in SUDSSS was analyzed by numerical simulation, and the 1‐year temperature variation rule of stored grain in the static storage in SUDSSS was obtained. The study shows that (1) the GT within 2 m of the silo wall in the aboveground layer of the SUDSSS, was found to vary significantly with a range of 10.62°C–27.37°C based on the variation of the outside temperature. The GT in the underground layer remains at a quasi‐low temperature throughout the year, with an average temperature of no more than 17°C. (2) The original GTs are set at varying levels in a SUDSSS. The temperature differential between the average GT and the original GT after 1 year of storage is 2.21°C, 1.79°C, 1.51°C, 1.13°C, and 0.34°C, respectively, in the aboveground layer. If the original temperature is relatively low, the greater the temperature change after 1 year of storage, which is still well below 20°C, long‐term storage requires a lower original GT. (3) The temperature change of paddy in the SUDSSS was the most pronounced during the storage period. The temperature differential between the paddy stored in the aboveground layer for 8 months and the initial is 2.15°C, and the differential is 0.77°C when stored in the underground layer for 12 months. The temperature change of wheat and maize during storage was minimal, whereas the temperature of paddy exhibited significant fluctuations. (4) The maximum temperature differential of 15 and 3 m in condition one is 2.08°C and 2.28°C, respectively. An increase in grain height results in a reduction in temperature change during storage. Comprehensive different grain loading conditions, the GT in the peripheral area of the aboveground layer and the mean temperature of the underground layer discernible change with the varying grain loading heights. Furthermore, the temperature fluctuations of the aboveground and underground layers are largely independent of one another.
Freezing Characteristics of Beef Chunks by Air Blast Freezing Under Different Conditions
Authors: Ni Peiyong , Yan Jiawen , Wang Xiangli , Zhang Xuewen , Li Xiang 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIn order to achieve energy‐saving in fast freezing equipment, it is necessary to understand the factors that affect food freezing time. A fluid structure coupling model was established for the freezing process of beef in a freezing room. A total of 45 simulation areas were set with 9 racks and 5 beef chunks on each rack. In the model, the specific heat capacity of the packages was defined as a function of temperature. The core temperatures of the frozen load chunks instead of real beef were measured to verify the correctness of the model. The airflow velocity, air temperature and frozen product temperatures were simulated at different frozen product positions, fan outlet velocities and temperatures. The freezing rates, local Reynolds numbers and wall adjacent heat transfer coefficients were obtained for the chunks. The result shows that the uneven distribution of airflow velocity directly leads to differences in the freezing and heat transfer characteristics of each frozen product. A large vortex with lower airflow velocity and higher airflow temperature in the middle area of the quick‐freezing room causes a slower freezing rate of frozen products. The highest freezing rate is 1.67 cm/h among 45 chunks, and most chunks have a freezing rate greater than 1 cm/h. The variations of the freezing rates are basically consistent with the local wall adjacent heat transfer coefficients within the range of 17.8 to 52.2 W/m2 K. The findings of this article can help provide the appropriate freezing parameters, elucidate the freezing characteristics of beef and offer optimization suggestions for the freezing process of fast freezing rooms.
3D reconstruction of shoulder muscles in hominoid primates: Correlating scapular attachment areas with muscle volume
Authors: van Beesel Julia , Melillo Stephanie , Vereecke Evie 
Published: January 2025

AbstractDigital muscle reconstructions have gained attraction in recent years, serving as powerful tools in both educational and research contexts. These reconstructions can be derived from various 2D and 3D data sources, enabling detailed anatomical analyses. In this study, we evaluate the efficacy of surface scans in accurately reconstructing the volumes of the rotator cuff and teres major muscles across a diverse sample of hominoids. Additionally, we investigate whether muscle origin area, as a dissection‐based observation, can reliably predict muscle volume. Our findings reveal that surface scans provide sufficient coverage to accurately reproduce the in situ volumes of the rotator cuff muscles. However, the volume of the teres major was estimated less reliably, suggesting that muscles with less distinct skeletal boundaries may present challenges for accurate reconstruction. Future studies will explore whether such muscles can be reconstructed with greater precision. Furthermore, we identify a significant correlation between the origin area and muscle volume for the supraspinatus, infraspinatus, and subscapularis muscles. These results suggest that muscle origin area can serve as a reliable predictor of muscle volume, offering a skeletal indicator for estimating muscle size in both extant and extinct hominoids. These insights are particularly valuable for paleontological reconstructions, where direct soft tissue evidence is often lacking. By establishing a relationship between skeletal traits and muscle volume, our study provides a framework for evaluating the accuracy of soft tissue reconstructions in hominoid species. This approach not only enhances our understanding of hominoid anatomy but also offers new avenues for exploring the functional morphology of extinct taxa.
Xception Deep Kronecker Network for Severity Plant Disease Classification Using Hyperspectral Leaf Image
Authors: Swaraj S. , Aparna S. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTPlant diseases have always been a problem because they can significantly decrease both the quality and quantity of crops. Diseases, pests, and weeds present major challenges in crop cultivation, leading to substantial crop damage and posing significant risks to the economy and food security. Plant diseases pose a significant threat to the quality and yield of agricultural products. Prompt and reliable detection and identification of these diseases are crucial for ensuring sustainable agriculture and food security. Preventing ailments and providing guidance to farmers is crucial to enhancing the yield on a large scale. Manual feature extraction is the most expensive approach used in earlier plant disease detection methods. Additionally, many of the real‐time applications face issues with cost complexity, misclassification, and overfitting. Hence, an effective model called Xception‐Deep Kronecker Network (Xception‐DKN) is proposed for severity disease classification utilising hyperspectral leaf image. Initially, the hyperspectral leaf image is pre‐processed. Then, the selection of the band phase is performed utilising Fractional Water Wheel Plant Dingo Optimizer (FWWPDO), that is the incorporation of Dingo Optimizer (DOX), Fractional Calculus (FC), and Water Wheel Plant Algorithm (WWPA). Outputs from the selection bands are forwarded into the leaf segmentation phase that is carried out using Black Hole Entropic Fuzzy Clustering (BHEFC). Next, using a majority voting approach, a fusion of bands is performed. Then, fused band output as well as individual leaf segmentation outcome is exposed into the Feature Extraction (FE) stage for extracting the features, including Weber Local Descriptors (WLDs) and Local Binary Patterns (LBPs). Thereafter, disease recognition is executed on leaves by utilising a Deep Conval Neural Network (deep CNN) for normal and abnormal cases. Nevertheless, Deep CNN hyperparameters are fine‐tuned utilising FWWPDO, which is developed by integrating the Water Wheel Plant Dingo Optimizer (WWPDO) and Fractional Concept (FC). Thereafter, severity level classification is performed using the proposed Xception‐DKN into low, moderate and severe cases. Xception‐DKN is the combined form of Xception and Deep Kronecker Network (DKN), where the layers are adjusted by Taylor concepts. The Xception‐DKN has achieved the highest accuracy of 92.204%, true positive rate (TPR) of 94.011%, and true negative rate (TNR) of 91.210%.
Genetic Insights Into Coronary Microvascular Disease
Authors: Wayne Nicole , Singamneni Venkata S. , Venkatesh Rasika , Cherlin Tess , Verma Shefali S. , Guerraty Marie A. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTCoronary microvascular disease (CMVD) affects the coronary pre‐arterioles, arterioles, and capillaries and can lead to blood supply–demand mismatch and cardiac ischemia. CMVD can present clinically as ischemia or myocardial infarction with no obstructive coronary arteries (INOCA or MINOCA, respectively). Currently, therapeutic options for CMVD are limited, and there are no targeted therapies. Genetic studies have emerged as an important tool to gain rapid insights into the molecular mechanisms of human diseases. For example, coronary artery disease (CAD) genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) have enrolled hundreds of thousands of patients and have identified > 320 loci, elucidating CAD pathogenic pathways and helping to identify therapeutic targets. Here, we review the current landscape of genetic studies of CMVD, consisting mostly of genotype‐first approaches. We then present the hypothesis that CAD GWAS have enrolled heterogenous populations and may be better characterized as ischemic heart disease (IHD) GWAS. We discuss how several of the genetic loci currently associated with CAD may be involved in the pathogenesis of CMVD. Genetic studies could help accelerate progress in understanding CMVD pathophysiology and identifying putative therapeutic targets. Larger phenotype‐first genomic studies into CMVD with adequate sex and ancestry representation are needed. Given the extensive CAD genetic and functional validation data, future research should leverage these loci as springboards for CMVD genomic research.
Non‐R&D Subsidies and Digital Product Innovation in China
Authors: Liu Yang , Dong Jiuyu , Ying Ying 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTWe examine the impact of non‐R&D subsidies on digital product innovation among Chinese manufacturing firms and explore the conditions that influence this relationship. Building on theories of non‐R&D subsidies effectiveness, we propose that non‐R&D subsidies positively influence a firm's digital product innovation. This relationship is further strengthened when the firm is a state‐owned enterprise and holds a low status in the market hierarchy. Results from a longitudinal dataset of publicly listed Chinese firms support our main arguments. Our findings extend the understanding of the drivers of digital product innovation and the role of non‐R&D subsidies in innovation activities.