bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Styrenic block copolymer‐based thermoplastic elastomers in smart applications: Advances in synthesis, microstructure, and structure–property relationships—A review
Authors: Maji Purbasha , Naskar Kinsuk 
Published: July 2022

AbstractStyrenic block copolymers (SBC) have been gaining attention as a specialty material in elastomer and composite industries over an extended period. Its unique segmental architecture, controllable mechanical strength, ease of processing, oxidative, and environmental stability enable versatile applications. SBCs with other unique features like ion‐containing blocks, vascular compatibility, and biostability are gaining popularity in several new‐age applications. The review mainly displays the new synthetic strategies for SBC having superior thermal and environmental resistance and how their morphologies get affected by the invention of different synthesis and molecular designing technologies. It elaborates prospects and future of SBCs in other innovative application fields like sensors for wearable devices, next‐generation proton exchange membranes for fuel cells, portable power sources for electric vehicles, shape memory polymers, and so forth. Its potential in biomedical applications like heart valves, urinary tract devices, coating for coronary stents, implants, and drug delivery applications has also been discussed. It also analyses structure properties relationship which affects their performance in these fields, along with a brief introduction about the history of invention.
Keep an Eye on the Back: Spondyloarthritis in Patients With Acute Anterior Uveitis
Authors: Rademacher Judith , Müllner Hanna , Diekhoff Torsten , Haibel Hildrun , Igel Sabrina , Pohlmann Dominika , Proft Fabian , Protopopov Mikhail , Rios Rodriguez Valeria , Torgutalp Murat , Pleyer Uwe , Poddubnyy Denis 
Published: July 2022

ObjectivesThis study was undertaken to analyze the prevalence of spondyloarthritis (SpA) in patients with acute anterior uveitis (AAU), to identify parameters associated with the presence of SpA, and to evaluate the performance of referral algorithms for identifying patients with a high probability of having SpA.MethodsProspectively recruited consecutive patients with noninfectious AAU underwent structured rheumatologic assessment including magnetic resonance imaging of the sacroiliac joints, allowing a definitive diagnosis/exclusion of concomitant SpA. Fisher's exact test and Mann‐Whitney U test were used to compare AAU patients with SpA and AAU patients without SpA. Furthermore, logistic regression analyses were performed. The predictive performance of SpA referral strategies was analyzed by calculating the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and positive and negative likelihood ratios.ResultsAmong the 189 AAU patients evaluated, 106 (56%) were diagnosed as having SpA. The majority of SpA patients (93%) had predominantly axial SpA and 7 patients had peripheral SpA. In 74 patients (70%), the SpA diagnosis was established for the first time. In multivariable logistic regression analysis, psoriasis (odds ratio [OR] 12.5 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.3–120.2]), HLA–B27 positivity (OR 6.3 [95% CI 2.4–16.4]), elevated C‐reactive protein level (OR 4.8 [95% CI 1.9–12.4]), and male sex (OR 2.1 [95% CI 1.1–4.2]) were associated with the presence of SpA. None of the ophthalmologic parameters were found to be predictive of SpA. The Dublin Uveitis Evaluation Tool (DUET) showed higher specificity for SpA recognition than the Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society (ASAS) tool for the early referral of patients with a suspected diagnosis of axial SpA (specificity for SpA 42% versus 28%), whereas the sensitivity of the ASAS tool was slightly higher than the DUET tool (sensitivity for SpA 80% versus 78%). However, more than 20% of the AAU patients in this study who were diagnosed as having SpA would have been missed by both referral strategies.ConclusionOur study revealed a high prevalence of SpA in AAU patients overall, as well as a high prevalence of previously undiagnosed SpA in AAU patients. Therefore, we propose rheumatologic evaluation for all AAU patients with musculoskeletal symptoms.
The efficiency of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in colon cancer with mismatch repair deficiency
Authors: Yunlong Wu , Tongtong Liu , Hua Zeng 
Published: July 2022

AbstractColon cancers with mismatch repair deficiency (dMMR) have specific clinicopathologic characteristics compared with mismatch repair proficiency (pMMR); however, the effect of MMR status on the efficiency of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NCT) remains unclear. In our study, 439 dMMR and 26 pMMR colon cancer patients with or without NCT from 2010 to 2017 were retrospectively collected. Clinicopathological features, treatment response, and survival were compared between different groups. In the dMMR group, patients with NCT were likely to have higher CEA (abnormal CEA: 51.6% vs. 17.4%, p < 0.001), more multiorgan resection (38.7% vs. 16.8%, p = 0.006), and larger postoperative tumor diameter (7.26 vs. 6.21, p = 0.033) than those without NCT, but nearly half of cT4b patients who had NCT (42.9%, 9/21) avoid multiorgan resection. pT4 stage (HR, 14.97; 95% CI, 1.88–118.92; p = 0.010), number of positive lymph nodes (HR, 1.17; 95% CI, 1.09–1.26; p < 0.001), and tumor deposit (HR, 6.73; 95% CI, 2.08–21.74; p = 0.001) were independent prognosis factors of disease‐free survival (DFS). For the advanced tumor subset, there is no significant difference between patients with or without NCT for OS (p = 0.13) and DFS (p = 0.11), although the survival rate of NCT was higher than non‐NCT patients. Moreover, tumor regression grade was similar between dMMR and pMMR patients who had NCT. This study showed that NCT was more likely to be employed in dMMR patients with advanced tumors and may reduce the rate of multiorgan resection for cT4b dMMR patients. More large‐scaled researches are needed to further explore if MMR status could predict the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with colon cancer.
Parenting styles’ effects on college students’ career decision‐making self‐efficacy
Authors: Alexander Jamie D. , Harris Charlene 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis study examined the effects of parenting styles on career decision‐making self‐efficacy (CDMSE) in a sample of 97 U.S. college students. Regression analyses, controlling for parental education, age, academic year, and gender, revealed that authoritative and authoritarian parenting styles were significantly positively associated with CDMSE; alternatively, permissive parenting was not a significant predictor of CDMSE in college students. The findings indicate that parenting styles can influence college students’ CDMSE. Implications for practice are provided.
Synthesis of13C and2H Labeled Vinyl Pyruvate and Hyperpolarization of Pyruvate
Authors: Brahms Arne , Pravdivtsev Andrey N. , Stamp Tim , Ellermann Frowin , Sönnichsen Frank D. , Hövener Jan‐Bernd , Herges Rainer 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe hyperpolarization of nuclear spins has enabled unique applications in chemistry, biophysics, and particularly metabolic imaging. Parahydrogen‐induced polarization (PHIP) offers a fast and cost‐efficient way of hyperpolarization. Nevertheless, PHIP lags behind dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP), which is already being evaluated in clinical studies. This shortcoming is mainly due to problems in the synthesis of the corresponding PHIP precursor molecules. The most widely used DNP tracer in clinical studies, particularly for the detection of prostate cancer, is 1‐13C‐pyruvate. The ideal derivative for PHIP is the deuterated vinyl ester because the spin physics allows for 100 % polarization. Unfortunately, there is no efficient synthesis for vinyl esters of β‐ketocarboxylic acids in general and pyruvate in particular. Here, we present an efficient new method for the preparation of vinyl esters, including13C labeled, fully deuterated vinyl pyruvate using a palladium‐catalyzed procedure. Using 50 % enriched parahydrogen and mild reaction conditions, a13C polarization of 12 % was readily achieved; 36 % are expected with 100 % pH2. Higher polarization values can be potentially achieved with optimized reaction conditions.
Recent advances in the field of chiral crystallization
Authors: Putman Joshua I. , Armstrong Daniel W. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCrystallization is one of the largest and most economical bulk purification techniques used in industry today. There has been an increase in demand for enantiomerically pure compound production for research, organic synthesis, pharmaceutical drug production, and other applications. Even after asymmetric synthesis, chiral purification will always be necessary. The focus of this review is on recent advances in chiral crystallization for the purification of enantiomers. A comprehensive discussion of three techniques and their mechanisms is provided, namely: attrition‐enhanced deracemization, cocrystallization, and inorganic ionic cocrystallization. Several examples of attrition‐enhanced deracemization are discussed. The key advantage of this technique is that it eliminates enantiomeric waste and can be used to produce enantiomeric excesses of greater than 99% from racemic mixtures. Chiral cocrystallization is examined, with over 60 cocrystallizing compounds, as an excellent means for enantiomeric enrichment. Selective chiral inclusion complexation was shown to be a novel approach for the formation of cocrystals. Chiral inorganic ionic cocrystallization is a new technique involving the formation of cocrystals between chiral ligands and certain metal salts in order to produce conglomerate crystal behavior in otherwise racemic compounds.
Use of Limonene Epoxides and Derivatives as Promising Monomers for Biobased Polymers
Authors: Louisy Elodie , Khodyrieva Veronika , Olivero Sandra , Michelet Véronique , Mija Alice 
Published: July 2022

Abstract(R)‐Limonene, a renewable terpene, and its epoxidized derivatives, i. e. limonene epoxides, have prompted growing attention over the last decade as building blocks for the synthesis of biobased monomers and polymers. With the goal of replacing petroleum‐based polymers several polymerization techniques have been applied on limonene oxide and limonene dioxide monomers. This paper aims to contribute to the literature by presenting a review dedicated to limonene oxide and dioxide as raw monomers of renewable origin for the development of biobased polymers. The polymerization techniques described are namely the homopolymerization, the copolymerization with carbon dioxide and anhydrides, and the copolymerization of limonene epoxide‐based monomers. Limonene oxide polymerizations will be investigated first, followed by limonene dioxide polymerizations.
Visible‐Light‐Promoted Intramolecular Annulation of 2‐Alkynylbiphenyl Compounds to Synthesize 9‐Sulfenylphenanthrenes Under Metal‐Free and Additive‐Free Conditions
Authors: Ma Tao , Bian Mixue , Lin Xinxin , Yang Zhao , Yang Xiaobing , Duan Jindian , Zhu Ning , Liu Chengkou , Fang Zheng , Guo Kai 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA convenient and environmentally friendly visible‐light‐promoted annulation reaction of 2‐alkynylbiphenyls with diaryldisulfide for the synthesis of 9‐sulfenylphenanthrenes bearing a sulfur‐containing functional group has been developed. This mild and efficient approach was achieved through continuous irradiation with visible light under metal‐free and additive‐free conditions. A range of 9‐sulfenylphenanthrene products were prepared in moderate to good yields with a broad scope and functional group tolerance.
Genetic resistance to yellow rust infection of the wheat ear is controlled by genes controlling foliar resistance and flowering time
Authors: Bouvet Laura , Percival‐Alwyn Lawrence , Berry Simon , Fenwick Paul , Holdgate Sarah , Mackay Ian James , Cockram James 
Published: July 2022

AbstractYellow rust (YR), or stripe rust, is a fungal infection of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) caused by the pathogen Puccinia striiformis Westend f. sp. tritici (Pst). Although much research has focused on YR leaf infection, we are not aware of studies investigating the genetic control of YR resistance in the wheat ear. Using an eight‐founder multiparent advanced generation intercross (MAGIC) population, we identified five quantitative trait loci (QTL) controlling glume YR resistance in wheat ears. Of these, three (QYrg.niab‐2D.2, QYrg.niab‐4D.1, and QYrg.niab‐5A.1) collocated with leaf YR resistance QTL previously identified in the same population. We find evidence that QYrg.niab‐5A.1 likely corresponds to the adult plant resistance locus Yr34 introgressed from einkorn wheat (T. monococcum L. subsp. monococcum), and that resistance at QYrg.niab‐2D.2 also likely originated from a chromosomal introgression from a wheat relative. The two remaining glume YR resistance QTL were linked to genetic loci controlling flowering time, with early flowering alleles conferring reduced glume YR resistance. The association between earlier flowering and increased glume infection is likely due to the emergence of the ear during environmental conditions more favorable for Pst infection. Collectively, these first insights into the genetic control of YR resistance in glumes provides specific genetic targets for the control of YR resistance in both the leaves and the glumes and will be especially relevant to wheat grown in Pst‐prone agricultural environments where earlier flowering is favored.
T cell phenotype switching in autoimmune disorders: Clinical significance of targeting metabolism
Authors: Barberis Matteo , Rojas López Alejandra 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIncreasing efforts points to the understanding of how to maximize the capabilities of the adaptive immune system to fight against the development of immune and inflammatory disorders. Here we focus on the role of T cells as immune cells which subtype imbalance may lead to disease onset. Specifically, we propose that autoimmune disorders may develop as a consequence of a metabolic imbalance that modulates switching between T cell phenotypes. We highlight a Systems Biology strategy that integrates computational metabolic modelling with experimental data to investigate the metabolic requirements of T cell phenotypes, and to predict metabolic genes that may be targeted in autoimmune inflammatory diseases. Thus, we propose a new perspective of targeting T cell metabolism to modulate the immune response and prevent T cell phenotype imbalance, which may help to repurpose already existing drugs targeting metabolism for therapeutic treatment.
Knockdown of replication protein A 3 induces protective autophagy and enhances cisplatin sensitivity in lung adenocarcinoma by inhibiting AKT/mTOR signaling via binding to cyclin‐dependent kinases regulatory subunit 2
Authors: Chen Lijun , Hu Ke , Liu Yu , Liu Lingli , Tang Juanjuan , Qin Xiaobing 
Published: July 2022

AbstractReplication protein A 3 (RPA3) is a significant component of replication protein A and has been documented to function as an oncogene in several types of cancers. However, the role and underlying mechanism of RPA3 in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remains unknown. In this study, messenger expression of RPA3 and survival probability in LUAD were predicted by the UALCAN database. The combination of RPA3 with cyclin‐dependent kinases regulatory subunit 2 (CKS2) were characterized by the humanbase and STRING databases and verified by co‐immunoprecipitation. Cell viability was assessed by Cell Counting Kit‐8 assay and colony formation assay. Flow cytometric analysis and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase‐mediated dUTP nick‐end labeling assay were used to determine cell cycle and cell apoptosis, respectively. The expressions of protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin (AKT/mTOR) pathway and autophagy‐related proteins were examined by western blot assay. Significantly, we revealed that RPA3 expression was upregulated in LUAD and is associated with poor prognosis in LUAD patients. RPA3 and CKS2 expression was highly expressed in LUAD cell lines and the interaction between RPA3 and CKS2 was confirmed. RPA3 silencing inhibited A549 cell viability, blocked cell cycle and promoted cell apoptosis, as well as induction of autophagy and inhibition of AKT/mTOR signaling. CKS2 overexpression reversed the effects of RPA3 silencing on A549 cells. In addition, RPA3 knockdown enhanced cisplatin sensitivity of A549 cells through blocking the AKT/mTOR signaling. These results suggested that RPA3 might control LUAD cell autophagy and enhance cisplatin sensitivity by regulation of AKT/mTOR signaling via targeting CKS2.
Seasonal variation in structure and function of gut microbiota in Pomacea canaliculata
Authors: Li Shuxian , Qian Zijin , Yang Jiani , Lin Youfu , Li Hong , Chen Lian 
Published: July 2022

AbstractGut microbiota is associated with host health and its environmental adaption, influenced by seasonal variation. Pomacea canaliculata is one of the world's 100 worst invasive alien species. Here, we used high‐throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene to analyze the seasonal variation of gut microbiota of P. canaliculata. The results suggested that the predominant gut microbial phyla of P. canaliculata included Firmicutes and Proteobacteria, which helped digest plant food and accumulate energy. The gut microbiota of P. canaliculata in summer group showed the highest diversity, whereas the winter group possessed the lowest, probably due to the shortage of food resources of P. canaliculata in winter. Principal coordinate analysis analysis based on unweighted unifrac and weighted unifrac indicated that the composition of gut microbiota of P. canaliculata significantly varied across seasons. Bacteroidetes tended to be enriched in summer by linear discriminant analysis effect size analysis. Actinobacteria and Cyanobacteria were extremely abundant in autumn, while Fusobacteria and Cetobacterium enriched in winter. In conclusion, the structure of the gut microbiota of P. canaliculata was significantly different among seasons, which was beneficial to the environment adaptation and the digestion and metabolism of food during different periods.
Effects of the solution flow rate on the growth of aluminum etch tunnels
Authors: You Pengfei , Chen Jiageng , Yu Wei , Lu Wei , Yang Hui , Chen Suobin , Ma Junhong , Zhao Ganggang , Liu Pengfei , Li Xinfang , Chen Changke 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIncreasing the specific surface area of the anode foil of aluminum electrolytic capacitors is a research direction to improve the performance of capacitors. Industrial mass‐produced anode foil increases the specific surface area by electrochemical etching of the aluminum foil. However, the tunnels created by corrosion stop growing midway through this process. In this study, the effect of the solution flow rate on tunnel growth is investigated, and the growth of tunnels is analyzed using a new method of preparing oblique sections. Neater tunnels can be grown by increasing the solution flow rate to facilitate active tunnels.
Forecasting ultra‐short‐term wind power by multiview gated recurrent unit neural network
Authors: Xiong Bangru , Fu Mengqin , Cai Qiuting , Li Xiaoyan , Lou Lu , Ma Hui , Meng Xinyu , Wang Zhengxia 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWind power generation prediction plays an important role in the safety and economic operation of the power system. There are many parameters recorded in wind farm data, such as wind power, wind speed, wind direction, and so on. Traditional wind power prediction modeling methods lack the mining of these parameter data and fail to make good use of some potential physical information. To address this challenge, this paper proposes a multiview neural network learning framework to predict wind power. One is the data attribute view of wind power, which uses the historical data feature of the wind power itself to learn the future wind power feature. The other is the physical attribute view of wind power, which uses the physical attribute features associated with the wind power definition to learn the future features. Then all the learned features are jointly fused to predict the future wind power values. In addition, an uncertain factor is proposed and computed, which is inspired by the wind power formula and usually associated with internal and external environment perturbation. All time series features are input into the gated recurrent unit neural network to form a hybrid neural network framework for wind power prediction. Experimental results under the measured condition and the standard condition of wind farms demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Combined seismic and borehole investigation of the deep granite weathering structure—Santa Gracia Reserve case in Chile
Authors: Trichandi Rahmantara , Bauer Klaus , Ryberg Trond , Scherler Dirk , Bataille Klaus , Krawczyk Charlotte M. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractImaging the critical zone at depth, where intact bedrock transforms into regolith, is critical in understanding the interaction between geological and biological processes. We acquired a 500 m‐long near‐surface seismic profile to investigate the weathering structure in the Santa Gracia National Reserve, Chile, which is located in a granitic environment in an arid climate. Data processing comprised the combination of two seismic approaches: (1) body wave tomography and (2) multichannel analysis of surface wave (MASW) with Bayesian inversion. This allowed us to derive P‐wave and S‐wave velocity models down to 90 and 70 m depth, respectively. By calibrating the seismic results with those from an 87 m‐deep borehole that is crossed by the profile. We identified the boundaries of saprolite, weathered bedrock, and bedrock. These divisions are indicated in the seismic velocity variations and refer to weathering effects at depth. The thereby determined weathering front in the borehole location can be traced down to 30 m depth. The modelled lateral extent of the weathering front, however, cannot be described by an established weathering front model. The discrepancies suggest a more complex interaction between different aspects such as precipitation and topography in controlling the weathering front depth.
Optical and photocatalytic application of hydrothermally synthesized crystalline TiO2 nanostructures
Authors: Malik Javied Hamid , Malik Asif Ahmad , Malik Khurshaid Ahmad , Tomar Radha 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn this paper, the hydrothermal synthesis of TiO2 nanostructures was analyzed for their structural, morphological, elemental, and optical Properties. X‐ray diffraction (XRD) confirms a highly crystalline nature and reveals that the TiO2 nanocrystals crystallize in the body‐centered tetragonal phase. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results show that all the samples are composed of microspheres that are formed from the agglomeration of smaller nanoparticles. The size of the microspheres varies from sample to sample and has a direct relation to the volume of the precursors used. Energy‐dispersive X‐ray analysis (EDAX) shows that the synthesized materials are in good stoichiometry with uniform distribution of the constituents throughout the sample. Fourier transform infrared spectrum of different samples showed a 100% transmittance peak in the 500 to 1000 cm−1 region. Ultraviolet (UV) and visible spectroscopy shows that the material has a good absorption in the visible region and is suitable for photocatalysis. The bandgap of the samples was determined by using the Tauc plot. The synthesized material was used for the photocatalytic degradation of methyl red (MR), a hazardous dye. The 95% degradation of MR occurred in the presence of UV light.