bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Superlattice Hafnia-Zirconia-Alumina Nano-Electro-Mechanical Resonators for Integrated Super-High-Frequency Control
Authors: Tharpe Troy , Hershkovitz Eitan , Hakim Faysal , Kim Honggyu , Tabrizian Roozbeh 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Multifunctional electronic systems rely indispensably on high quality-factor (Q) micro- and nano-electro-mechanical systems (M/NEMS) resonators for frequency control applications such as precise clock generation, synchronization, and radio-frequency wireless communication. Hundreds of high-performance M/NEMS resonators with frequencies extending over 32 kHz to 6 GHz are heterogeneously integrated with complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) circuits to form portable frequency control systems. However, heterogeneous integration imposes substantial overhead on critical system specifications, such as size and power consumption, as well as overall performance. This further limits system scalability for dynamic spectrum use and frequency extension to untapped bands in centimeter- and millimeter-wave regimes. Here, we present intrinsically switchable NEMS resonator building-blocks with ultra-wide-spectrum coverage for monolithic CMOS integration of frequency control systems, using superlattice hafnia-zirconia-alumina (Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 – Al2O3) transducers. The superlattice structure along with ferroelastic re-orientation through pulsed poling enable large linear electromechanical coupling (kt2) and high-Q in Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 – Al2O3 NEMS resonators, operating in lateral- and thickness-oriented bulk acoustic wave modes. Integrated NEMS resonators with frequencies (f) over 0.4 to 17.3 GHz, f-Q products up to 4.04×1012 and kt2s as high as 2.5%, are demonstrated by electrical measurements. Using DC bias voltage for depolarization of transducers, we show these resonators can be intrinsically switched off to their electromechanical noise floor, providing an on-off isolation as high as 37dB. Intrinsically switchable superlattice hafnia-zirconia-alumina NEMS resonators pave the way to realize switch-free, monolithic frequency control systems with multi-band operation towards mm-wave regime.
Neurological outcomes after surgery and postoperative rehabilitation for cervical radiculopathy due to disc disease: a 2-year-follow-up of a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Peolsson Anneli , Löfgren Håkan , Dedering Åsa , Kristedal Mattias , Öberg Birgitta , Zsigmond Peter , Wibault Johanna 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Reports on neurological outcomes in patients with cervical radiculopathy (CR) undergoing surgery and postoperative rehabilitation are important to inform prognosis. This 2-year-follow-up of a randomized clinical trial aimed to compare secondary neurological outcomes between structured postoperative rehabilitation and a standard approach after surgery for CR. A secondary aim was to increase knowledge about neurological outcomes in relation to patient-reported neck disability. Neurological outcomes included assessment of sensibility, motor function, arm reflexes and the Spurling test. A total of 153 and 135 participants (76% − 67% response rate) completed the clinical examination at 1- and 2-year-follow-up. Between-group difference and change over time in neurological impairments were investigated, as well as association between postoperative neurological impairments and the Neck Disability Index. There was no between-group difference in neurological outcomes at follow-up (p > 0.07). Although, prevalence of neurological impairments in sensibility, motor function and a positive Spurling test decreased over time in both groups (p < 0.04), postoperative neurological impairments were still common at follow-up, and were significantly associated with higher NDI score. Neurological outcomes improved over time with no difference between groups, although postoperative neurological impairments were still common, and associated with worse outcome for patient-reported neck disability.
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and breast cancer: Effect measure modification by vitamin D and vitamin D-related single nucleotide polymorphisms
Authors: Rhoden Joyce A. , Bradshaw Patrick T. , Steck Susan E. , Nichols Hazel B. , Conway Kathleen , Crew Katherine D. , Teitelbaum Susan L. , Neugut Alfred I. , Olshan Andrew F. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Our objective was to examine whether vitamin D and vitamin D-related SNPs modify the association between individual PAH sources and breast cancer .
Methods: This population-based case-control study included 1,026 women with first primary in situ or invasive breast cancer and 1,074 age-frequency matched controls. To evaluate effect measure modification (EMM) by measured vitamin D and vitamin D-related single nucleotide polymorphisms on multiple PAH measures (active cigarette smoking, smoking spouse, grilled/smoked meat consumption, synthetic log use, and vehicular traffic), we estimated odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals with unconditional logistic regression. EMM was assessed on the multiplicative (likelihood ratio tests) and additive scales (interaction contrast ratio).
Results: Vitamin D modified the synthetic log use breast cancer association on the additive scale (ICR= -0.86; 95% CI: -1.67, -0.04) and multiplicative scales (OR=0.52; 95% CI: 0.09, 0.94). Contrary to expectation, the stratum-specific OR for synthetic log use among those with vitamin D <30 ng/mL was below the null compared to the elevated OR found for those with vitamin D ≥ 30ng/mL (0.89 vs 1.70). The effect estimates for other PAHs were imprecise.
Conclusion: We found evidence of EMM for the association between synthetic log use and breast cancer by vitamin D. The pattern of association was unexpected and requires replication. Potential EMM was observed with several other PAH measures. Additionally, we observed EMM for several SNPs which were not statistically significant after adjustment for multiple comparisons.
Climate-neutral aviation: will it fly?
Authors: Sacchi Romain , Becattini Viola , Gabrielli Paolo , Cox Brian , Dirnaichner Alois , Bauer Christian , Mazzotti Marco 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The aviation sector must substantially reduce its climate impacts to reach net-zero goals. Such a reduction, however, must not be limited to flight CO2 emissions, since such a narrow focus leaves up to 80% of climate impacts unaccounted for – especially with further growth of air traffic. This study – based on rigorous life-cycle assessment combined with a time-dependent quantification of non-CO2 climate impacts – shows that both electricity-based synthetic jet fuels and compensating climate impacts via direct air carbon capture and storage (DACCS) can enable climate-neutral aviation. However, with a continuous increase in air traffic, synthetic jet fuels produced with electricity from renewables would exert excessive pressure on economic and natural resources, while compensation via DACCS would require massive CO2 storage volumes and prolong dependence on fossil fuels. Hence, the idea of a climate-neutral aviation will fly only if air traffic decreases to reduce the scale of climate impacts to mitigate.
Clinical evaluation of white spot lesions treated by surface pre-reacted glass filler coating material in comparison with Icon resin infiltration by laser fluorescence. (A randomized controlled trial)
Authors: Gabr Eslam Hassan , Maslout Ahmed Gamal ELdeen El , Wakwak Mohamed Ahmed 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Objective: White spots become one of the initial signs of dental caries. Resin infiltration and remineralization was used to prevent WSLs cavitation. Deposition of minerals depends on the equilibrium between demineralization and remineralization which may happen as a natural repair mechanism. The aim of this study is to compare the effect of PRG Barrier Coat coating material (PRG) against the resin infiltration ICON material in improving the caries lesion state of the WSLs along 1 year.
Clinical Considerations: the efficacy of fluoroboro-aluminosilicate Glass surface coating S-PRG fillers and ICON resin infiltration in the ability to improve the aesthetic appearance (masking) and caries lesion state of the WSLs immediately, after 3 months, after 6 months, and after 1 year among adult patients. Laser fluorescence was used to compare the two materials to evaluate the caries progression. PRG Barrier Coat group showed immediate significant improvement in LF scores in demineralization progress and inhibition of caries progression with a significant improved effect.
Conclusions: Resin infiltration ICON is more clinical successful treatment for demineralized WSLs. PRG Barrier Coat is useful for short time as control of caries progression and prevention protocol not for treatment of WSLs.
Clinical Significance:S-PRG Barrier Coat was clinically successful strategy in inhibition of caries and improve remineralization.
Vancomycin Dosing Regimens based on Monte Carlo Simulation for Treated Gram-positive cocci Infection in neonates: A retrospective observational study
Authors: zhao Kai , liu Yang , chang Ying , zhao Fang , chen Hui , guo Bo , song Xiao , zhai Xin , zhang Guiling , zhao xiaolin , guo jinzhen , liu zhenguo 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: The pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic profiles of vancomycin in neonatal population have been previously reported. However, a consensus still has not been reached about optimal recommended dose. Few studies on neonatal population are available relating particularly to distribution of pathogens and clinical outcome.Therefore, we sought to optimise the drug-dosing regimen based on Monte Carlo Simulation and conducted a retrospective observational study to assess the trough concentration and clinical efficacy.
Methods: We collected data from neonates who were treated with vancomycin from November 2018 to December 2021. Based on the inclusion criteria, pharmacokinetic model group and observation group were selected for further inclusion. The recommended pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic(PK-PD) target AUC/MIC ratio for vancomycin is ≥400. The achieved goal of the probability of target attainment (PTA) and a cumulative fraction of response (CFR) were ≥90%. Monte-Carlo simulations were performed to identify optimal dosing regimens. Statistical analysis were performed to compare trough concentrations and effectiveness of the different treatment options.
Results: We collected pharmacokinetic data on a total of 137 neonates ( 92 male and 45 female) and 124 neonates ( 180 dosing regimens and 180 plasma trough concentration) were retrospectively analyzed in this study. The recommended doses required to achieve the goal of PTA or CFR from 25 to 225mg/d depending on PK-PD target in different subgroups. Recommended dosage regimen group ( n=80 ) presented higher values (P＜0.05）in trough concentration than in not-recommended groups ( n=100 ), yet the target concentration ( 5-15mg/l ) compliance rate indicates no significant differences (P＞0.05). Recommended dosage neonate group ( n=53 ) presented higher clinical response rate (P＜0.05）than in not-recommended groups ( n=71 ).
Conclusion: Large differences of required daily dose exist among different newborn subgroups. A higher trough level and clinical efficacy was reached in simulated recommended doses regimen. However target concentration compliance rate indicates no significant change. A more scientific and standard study of multi-center were needed to optimize recommended dose and evaluate the real-world efficacy and safety of vancomycin.
Robust observer design for T-S fuzzy singular systems with unmeasurable premise variables and partially decoupled disturbances
Authors: Mu Yunfei , Zhang Huaguang , Ma Dazhong , Yan Yuqing 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This article makes some efforts towards discussing the problem of observer design for a kind of discrete-time T-S fuzzy singular systems corrupted by process disturbances and measurement noises. To situate our design scheme in a more practical context, the premise variables of fuzzy systems under consideration are unmeasurable, and the process disturbances are only partially decoupled rather than completely decoupled. By integrating the fuzzy Lyapunov function method and the linear matrix inequality technique, an unknown input observer which can not only decouple partial process disturbances, but also attenuate the influence of measurement noises and non-decoupled process disturbances is proposed to achieve state reconstruction. Particularly, to reduce the conservatism, some slack matrices and scalars are utilized in observer design to obtain extra degrees of freedom. Finally, the performance of theoretical results is fully verified via two numerical simulations.
Dietary Niche Partitioning Among Sympatric Terrestrial Gastropods in a Temperate Woodland
Authors: Phillips Ezekiel King , Yanes Yurena , Muruganantham Kaaviya , Pearce Timothy 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTerrestrial gastropods are an integral part of the ecosystem because of their role in organic matter decomposition and the soil calcium cycle. While most species have traditionally been considered generalized herbivores, the specific dietary preferences of most taxa remain virtually unknown because gastropods’ behavior is difficult to observe in the wild due to their nocturnal habits and small body size. In forested areas across North America, upwards of 30 species can sometimes coexist within the same microhabitat, but it remains unclear if and how gastropods partition resources to minimize interspecific competition. This research investigated the diet of seven sympatric species of terrestrial gastropods from an Ohio temperate woodland using stable carbon and nitrogen isotope analyses. Results suggest that most species followed a varied diet that included variable proportions of vascular and non-vascular plants, fungi, lichen, and soil organic matter. Whereas some species (Anguispira alternata,Arioncfsubfuscus, andPhilomycidae sp.) showed more unique and specialized diets, others (Deroceras laeve,Euchemotrema fraternum,Mesodon thyroidus, andVentridens ligera) were generalized feeders and overlapped in diet. These findings illustrate that terrestrial gastropod food webs are more complex than previously thought and support the hypothesis that some coexisting species reduce interspecific competition by partitioning resources.
The Prevalence of Anti-Phospholipid Antibodies and Effects on the Outcomes of in Vitro Fertilization
Authors: Halaki Nagham Al , Khalayli Naram , Halake Wael Al , Kudsi Maysoun , Samra Rouaida Abou , Halabi Marwan Al 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background

The problem of infertility is common worldwide. In vitro fertilization remains the most widely used technique of assisted reproductive technology. Embryo implantation failure is a common cause of unexplained infertility and recurrent miscarriages, thus the relationship between antiphospholipid antibodies and embryo implantation failure after in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer is an important problem in fertility medicine that must be studied.

Patients and Methods

The study included 1000 cases, of women that underwent IVF between 2017–2021, through a Cohort study.

Results

The average age of the women was 31.91, the success rate of assisted fertilization in inducing pregnancy in the last trial was 52.8%, the prevalence was 4.4% of anticardiolipin IgG, 2.6% of anticardiolipin IgM, and 4% of Lupus anticoagulant. No relation was found between the antiphospholipid value and the age of the women, the number of times the experiment was conducted, the rate of success and failure, the type of infertility, and the number of oocytes induction, while the duration of sterility was affected by positive values of IgG and lupus coagulant antibodies.

Conclusion

There is no need for a routine antiphospholipid assay for female candidates for IVF, and when it is confirmed, treatment is required by Anticoagulants.
The clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with systemic sclerosis with myocardial involvement
Authors: He Huilin , Lai Jinzhi , Zhou Jiaxin , Hou Yong , Xu Dong , Li Mengtao , Zeng Xiaofeng 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: Myocardial involvement (MI) is the primary cause of death in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc). We analyzed patients with SSc and MI to identify any associations between this complication and their characteristics.
Method: We retrospectively collated data from SSc patients with MI admitted to Peking Union Medical College Hospital between January 2012 and May 2021. SSc patients without MI were randomly selected as controls after matching age and gender at a ratio of 1:3.
Results: In total, 21 SSc patients (17 females) with MI were enrolled. The mean age at SSc onset was 44.8±15.1 years. Compared with controls, myositis (42.3% vs. 15.4%, P=0.004) were more common in patients with MI; elevations of creatine kinase (CK) (30.8% vs. 6.9%, P=0.006). Of the 7 patients without cardiovascular symptoms, 5 showed elevations in cardiac troponin-I (cTnI), 6 showed elevations of N-terminal brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP). Thirteen patients were followed up for median period of 15.5 months and four patients developed newly occurring left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF)< 50%.
Conclusion: Almost 50% of SSc patients with MI were subclinical. Regular monitoring of CTnI, NT-proBNP and echocardiography is helpful for the diagnosis of MI during the early stages. Its progress is rapid and prognosis is poor.
The effect of research on COVID-19 and PM 2.5 on the localization of humanitarian aid
Authors: Nawahda Amin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This study sets out the effect of scientific research on humanitarian interventions during the respiratory -coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Amid the outbreak of this pandemic, the elders were severely affected by COVID-19. In addition to that effect, long-term PM2.5 (particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter ≤ 2.5 μm) exposure is associated strongly with respiratory diseases among the same age group. COVID-19 caused death and tested positive cases in all prefectures of Japan during the study period from Feb. 18 to Apr. 16, 2020, are analyzed. Also, PM2.5 caused deaths from 2010 to 2017 are calculated based on PM2.5-relative risk (RR) of 1.04 (95% CI: 1.01 – 1.08) from the World Health Organization-Air Quality Guidelines (WHO–AQG). The findings of this study show that elders living in prefectures with high levels of PM2.5 could be the most vulnerable to COVID-19. The estimated death cases from 2010 to 2017 are about 115,532 (95% CI: 28,883 - 231,064) cases. Thus, humanitarian actors could consider PM2.5 data for the localization of the efforts to minimize the spread of COVID-19.
Viral and bacterial pathogens among malaria patients in an endemic area of southern Venezuela
Authors: Forero-Peña David A. , Carrión-Nessi Fhabián S. , Lopez-Perez Mary , Mora Marisol Sandoval-de , Amaya Iván D. , Gamardo Ángel F. , Chavero Melynar , Figuera Luisamy , Marcano María V. , Camejo-Ávila Natasha A. , Hidalgo Mariana , Arenas Cariagne J. , Arévalo-Herrera Myriam , Herrera Sócrates 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Malaria remains a leading public health problem worldwide. Co-infections with other pathogens complicate its diagnosis and may modify the disease’s clinical course and management. Similarities in the clinical presentation of malaria and other infections and overlapping endemicity result in the underdiagnoses of co-infections and increased mortality. To date, no study has focused on co-infections or co-circulation of other pathogens in malaria-endemic areas in Venezuela.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted on malaria patients attending three reference medical centres in Ciudad Bolivar, Venezuela between June and November 2018. Clinical evaluation and laboratory tests for dengue virus (DENV), chikungunya virus (CHIKV), viral hepatitis (HAV, HBV, and HCV), and leptospirosis (LEP) were performed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Previous exposure to these pathogens was defined by the presence of specific IgG, and co-infection or recent exposure (CoRE) was determined by the presence of specific IgM alone or IgM plus IgG.
Results
A total of 161 malaria patients were studied, 66% infected with Plasmodium vivax, 27% with P. falciparum, and 7.5% harboured P. vivax/P. falciparum mixed infection. Previous exposure to DENV (60%) and CHIKV (25%) was frequent. CoRE was confirmed in 55 of the 161 malaria patients (34%) and were more frequent in P. falciparum (49%) than in P. vivax (29%) and mixed malaria patients (25%) (OR = 2.43; 95% CI = 1.39–4.25; p = 0.018). The most frequent CoRE was DENV (15%), followed by HAV (12%), HBV (6.2%), CHIKV (5.5%), and LEP (3.7%); HCV CoRE was absent. Complicated malaria was significantly more frequent in patients with CoRE (56%) than those without CoRE (36%; OR = 2.31; 95% CI = 1.18–4.92; p = 0.013).
Conclusion
We found a high prevalence of CoRE in malaria patients as determined by serology in the study region; cases were associated with a worse clinical outcome. Further prospective studies with samples from different sites of infection and the use of molecular tools are needed to determine the clinical significance of these findings.
Novel XAI techniques for explaining GA applications in job scheduling
Authors: Chen Toly , Wang Yu Cheng 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Many evolutionary artificial intelligence (AI) technologies have been applied to assist job scheduling in manufacturing. Among them, genetic algorithms (GAs) are one of mainstream methods. However, GA applications in this field may not be easy to understand or communicate, especially to factory workers without relevant background knowledge, preventing widespread acceptance of such applications. To address this problem, the concept of explanatory AI (XAI) has been proposed. This study first reviews existing XAI techniques for explaining GA applications in job scheduling. Based on the review results, the problems faced by existing XAI techniques are summarized. To solve these problems, this study proposes several novel XAI techniques, including decision tree-based interpretation, dynamic transformation and contribution diagrams, and improved bar charts. To illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed methodology, it has been applied to a case in the literature. According to the experimental results, the proposed methodology can make up for the deficiencies of existing XAI methods in processing high-dimensional data and visualizing the contribution of feasible solutions, thereby satisfying all the requirements for an effective XAI technique for explaining GA applications in job scheduling. Furthermore, the proposed methodology can be easily extended to explain other evolutionary AI applications such as ant colony optimization (ACO), particle swarm optimization (PSO), artificial bee colony (ABC) in job scheduling.