bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does Food Insecurity Exist in Rural Households of Wolayta? Evidence in Wolayta Zones, Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Meja Merihun , Mathewos Ashenafi , Kebede Alemtsehay Kassa , Goa Woldemedhin 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Food self-sufficiency has received attention from many nations with various economic orientations since it has been essential to achieving food security. Others countered that maintaining food self-sufficiency might be expensive relative to the advantages, even if it should be necessary for food security. Moreover, due to extraordinary climate instability and pervasive rural poverty, food insecurity is a bigger challenge now than it has ever been. Therefore, using cross-sectional data gathered from 120 sample families, this study assesses the level of food security among households and its determinants in the Wolayta Zone in Southern Ethiopia. By comparing the total amount of calories available for consumption per adult equivalent to the 2200 kcal minimal level of subsistence required per adult equivalent, the food security status of households was ascertained. To assess the state of food security at the home level, a probit model was used. According to the study's findings, 59.65% of the sample homes in the study area experienced food insecurity. Additionally, the findings showed that the most important variables positively connected with food security were literacy, land area, irrigation water utilization, and a few others. Age, female-headed households, family size, and the dependence ratio, on the other hand, have had a negative impact on food security. The results ultimately suggest that the majority of households experience food insecurity, which can be improved with the help of institutional investors, other government and non-government stockholders, and suitable policy and strategy.
Investment in Tax Haven Jurisdiction by Indian MNCs: A Conceptual Study
Authors: Shanmugam Velmurugan Palaniappan , Arunima P 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Tax havens are jurisdictions that help to save money logically and legally through loopholes and other tax considerations that are lawful compared to other jurisdictions. So, the foreign residents, companies, or entities having a higher rate of tax find a suitable place to invest their money by taking the advantage of tax regime of such territory, state or country to evade home country taxes. This study measures the investment made by listed Indian multinational companies in these jurisdictions and further assess the countries and sectors contributing to the highest investment and the companies that take maximum advantage of investing in a tax haven. Cross-sectional data of 50 listed Indian multinational companies having tax haven investment during 2020- 21 are considered for the study. The result confirms that “Singapore” which is classified as Tax Haven by FSF-IMF 2000 and TJN 2005 and the sector “metal and mining” has the highest tax haven investment. The sectors that take the maximum advantage of investing in a tax haven are Healthcare and Materials.
JEL Classification: F21, F23, F63, H26
Utilizing retinal arteriole/venule ratio to estimate intracranial pressure in unconscious neurosurgical patients
Authors: Nortvig Mathias Just , Andersen Mikkel Schou , Nielsen Asger Bjørnkaer , Pedersen Christian Bonde , Poulsen Frantz Rom 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Introduction
Intracranial pressure (ICP) can currently only be assessed via invasive methods. A reliable, non-invasive ICP measurement approach would greatly improve accessibility of screening for patients with suspected pathological ICP. The relationship between intraocular hemodynamics, intraocular pressure (IOP), and ICP is well established and could form the basis for a non-invasive approach. This study will investigate the correlation of the above-mentioned variables.
Methods
Fundoscopy videos were acquired on adult patients admitted to the neurosurgical intensive care unit. The arteriole (A) and venule (V) diameters were measured, and the A/V ratio was calculated. The A/V ratios were correlated to data from the patient’s invasive ICP monitoring device and IOP. A mixed-model linear regression was used to assess the correlation between IOP and A/V ratio, ICP, and optic nerve sheath diameter.
Results
Intraparenchymal ICP correlated with the A/V ratio. When differences in IOP were accounted for, the A/V ratio could be used to distinguish between measured mean ICP >15 and ≤15 mmHg (p<0.05). Absolute ICP values could not be estimated.
Conclusion
ICP can be correlated with A/V ratio, especially if IOP is considered. Although still experimental, this method might allow assessment of intracranial pressure without the need for invasive procedures.
Investigation of film-substrate interfacial characteristics of polymer parts fabricated via in-mold decoration and microcellular injection molding process
Authors: Guo Wei , Shen Wenbin , Zeng Fankun , Yu Zhihui , Meng Zhenghua , Hua Lin 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The appearance quality of foamed polymer parts can be improved by introducing high appearance quality decorative films. However, the interfacial bonding characteristics of film penetrated on the surface of substrate are few studied. In this paper, the foamed polypropylene (PP) parts with decoration films penetrated on the surface were prepared by the in-mold decoration and microcellular injection molding (IMD/MIM) process. The interfacial characteristics of the IMD/MIM parts were investigated experimentally through peeling tests and interfacial morphology. Based on the finite volume method, the coupled heat transfer model was established to calculate the temperature field in IMD/MIM process by taking into account the coupled heat transfer between polymer melt, film, and mold. The thermal response in the IMD/MIM process was numerically analyzed. The results show that the higher temperature on the polymer melt-film interface corresponds to relatively higher crystallinity and larger crystallite size and also favors the forming of the β-form crystal, which are benefitcial to higher adhesion strength. The IMD/MIM parts can obtain a firm film-substrate adhesion, and a uniformly strong bond between the film and the substrate.
Autism in patients with Williams-Beuren syndrome: A re-evaluation of 31 Tunisian patients’ phenotype
Authors: Mougou-Zerelli Soumaya , Khelifi Rim , Jelloul Afef , Ajmi Houda , Dimassi Sarra , Slimani Wafa , Soyeh Najla , Rjiba Khouloud , Dardour Manel , Abdallah Hamza Hadj , Dridi Hend , Guedria Asma , Kammoun Molka , Khelifa Hela Ben , Mkadem Hayet , Guidara Ines Hssairi , Hamida Hayet Ben , Helel Khaled Ben , Kharrat Habib , Sboui Essia , Naffeti Elies , Gaddour Naoufel , Maatouk Faouzi , Ghezal Hatem El , Saad Ali , Nouira Ons , Zouari Afif 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Williams Beuren Syndrome is a multisystemic disorder manifested by congenital heart defects associated with dysmorphic features, intellectual delay, and a particular behavioural profile due to a microdeletion in 7q11.2.
Methods
To establish a genotype-phenotype correlation; we carried out a molecular cytogenetic analysis on 31 Tunisian WBS patients using the CGH-array and FISH techniques.
Results
6 patients were investigated by CGH-array. All of them had a typical WBS deletion ranging from 1.4Mb to 1.7Mb. Curiously in 2 patients autistic spectrum disorders were noted in contrast to the behavioural profile generally observed in the other patients which are characterized by good contact. If we analyse the distal region of the generally deleted region, we found that the HIP1 gene is included. HIP1 encodes a central nervous system expressed protein and is considered the candidate gene for autism in this region.
Conclusion
Considering the presence of autism, a CGH analysis is essential to determine the exact etiology of this disorder, which seems strange for this syndrome, but is becoming progressively frequent. We suggest that alteration of the HIP1 gene could be indirectly responsible for autism, but specific environmental factors might act as risk factors triggering the development of this trait...
Modelling International Trade, Foreign Direct Investment, and Carbon Emission Nexus in Nigeria: A Reconsideration of the Pollution Haven Hypothesis
Authors: EKESIOBI Chukwunonso , EMMANUEL Precious Muhammed , MGBEMENA Emilia , IBEKILO Bruno , CHUKWUEMEKA David , Madueme Ifeoma 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
We model the impact of international trade and FDI on carbon emission in Nigeria to test the pollution haven hypothesis between 1981 and 2020 using the ARDL approach. The study utilises the Lee-Strazicich (L-S) unit root test to check for possible breaks since the traditional unit root test treats breaks as unit roots. The L-S result indicates the presence of structural breaks between 2006 and 2017. Additionally, we check for cointegration using the ARDL-bounds test and causal nexus using the Toda-Yamamoto granger causality test. The cointegration result suggests the existence of a long-run relationship among the variables, while the causality test indicates that FDI causes carbon emission, whereas international trade and carbon emission influence each other. The ARDL estimates show that international trade and FDI reduce carbon emissions in the short run. However, international trade and FDI positively affect Nigeria's carbon footprint in the long run, supporting the long-run polluter haven. Including an institutional variable, government regulation positively impacts short-run CO2 emissions while slowing CO2 discharge in the long run. The moderation effect shows that FDI and regulatory quality interaction increases Co2 emissions in the short run, but over the long run, pollution declines. International trade and regulatory interaction reduce carbon emissions in the short and long run. The study advises that Nigeria should attract green supporting FDI, encourage trade in green technology and strengthen regulatory quality to checkmate pollution activities of industries.
JEL Codes: F18, F21, K20, F24, Q53
Prolonged oxygen depletion effects due to climate change on endangered benthic species in a deep lake
Authors: Ishikawa Kanako , Inoue Eiso , Jiao Chunmeng 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
For animals living at the bottom of a deep lake, lack of oxygen supply is fatal. Lake Biwa, an ancient monomictic deep lake, has irreplaceable habitat for endemic species. It has recently experienced incomplete vertical circulation due to the effects of climate change. An anoxic zone (DO=0 mg L-1）appeared in FY2019 and FY2020 and the main deep basin experienced hypoxia (DO<2 mg L-1）for about five months of FY2019 for the first time. There is the possibility that benthic animals living in the profundal zone may become extinct. In this study, quantitative monitoring of four endangered benthic animals using a ROV (remotely operated vehicle) for 10 years was undertaken. The amphipod population (J. annandalei) decreased in FY2019 and FY2020 to its lowest recorded levels as did the Turbellarian (B. annandalei) in FY2020. Whereas, the population the goby fish, (G. isaza) and that of a freshwater shrimp (P. paucidens) did not decrease significantly although many dead animals were found. The reason for the different effects was that the organisms distributed at deeper depths were subjected only to hypoxia. However, short-term oxygen depletion for about a month in FY2012 decreased P. paucidens and G. isaza. Further, the four all our monitoring species increased in FY 2013. Although it was not easy to assess the effects of climate change on heterogeneously distributed wild organisms, the need for quantitative evaluations has become urgent because hypolimnetic oxygen decreases could happen more frequently or continuously in the near future in Lake Biwa.
Effects of ginsenoside compound K on alleviating colitis via modulating gut microbiota
Authors: Wang Li , Shao Li , Chen Man-Yun , Wang Lin , Zhang Wei , Tan Feng-Bo , Huang Wei-Hua 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background: Ginsenoside compound K (GC-K) potentially alleviates ulcerative colitis involved in gut microbiota, which is significantly correlated with the occurrence and development of colitis. However, the effect and mechanism of GC-K on anti-colitis in relation with gut microbiota are not unambiguous. This study focused on the preventive effect and mechanism of GC-K on Dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice involved in gut microbiota.
Methods:DSS was used to establish a chronic colitis mouse model. Body weight analysis, colon length measurement, HE staining and inflammatory factors levels were carried out in animal experiments. Flow cytometry was used to analyze Th17/Treg cells in the mouse spleen and blood. 16S rRNA sequencing was used to analyze gut microbiota. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) experiment was employed to verify the anti-colitis efficacy of GC-K by reshaping gut microbiota.
Results: GC-K significantly relieved colitis-related symptoms by decreased disease activity index (DAI) scores, spleen weight, and increased colon length. Additionally, tight junction proteins were enhanced and pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, IL-17 were decreased after GC-K treatment. Furthermore, Bacteroides spp. were significantly increased after modeling. Moreover, FMT experiments confirmed that GC-K-driven gut microbiota significantly relieved DSS-induced colitis.
Conclusion:GC-K alleviated colitis via the modulation of gut microbiota.
A rapid modelling method for machine tool power consumption using transfer learning
Authors: Wang Qi , Chen Xi , Chen Ming , He Yafeng , Guo Hun 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Accurate power consumption models are the basis for improving energy efficiency of machine tools. The acquisition of energy consumption characteristics of different machine tools requires a large number of calibration experiments, which leads to low modelling efficiency. This paper proposes a rapid modelling method using transfer-learning to obtain the power consumption model of the target machine tool. After obtaining the power consumption model of the source machine tool through detailed experiments, this method only needs a few experiments to obtain the power consumption model of the target machine tool, which greatly improves the modelling efficiency, and the method is experimentally verified on different machine tools.
Effect of Vitamin C on adrenal suppression following etomidate for rapid sequence induction in trauma patients: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Panahi Jafar Rahimi , Paknezhad Seyed Pouya , vahedi Amir , Shasavainia Kavous , Laleh Manuchehr Ruhi , Soleimanpour Hassan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background: Etomidate is an imidazol derivative which widely used in emergency department for Rapid Sequence Intubation (RSI). Although it has a safe hemodynamic profile but there are some concerns about its suppressant effects on adreno-cortical axis. Vitamin C as an antioxidant can play a protective role in this issue.
Method: In a controlled clinical trial, we studied adult traumatic patients who need RSI with etomidate. In one group underwent RSI with etomidate and cortisol level measured three hours later. In the other group we administrated one gram of vitamin C before etomidate administration and cortisol level measured three hours later.
Results: fifty-one patients has been studied. Serum cortisol level was significantly lower after RSI with etomidate in both groups. In Vitamin C group there was a significant higher cortisol level after RSI in comparison to control group.
Conclusion: Etomidate can suppress the cortisol level in traumatic patients underwent RSI. Vitamin C can reduce this suppressant effect of etomidate.
IRCT registration number: IRCT20090923002496N11
URL of trial registry record: https://en.irct.ir/trial/34586
Date of trial registration: 2019-04-19
Modification of nickel micropatterns for sensor-active applications from deep eutectic solvents
Authors: Levshakova Aleksandra S. , Khairullina Evgeniia M. , Panov Maxim S. , Ninayan Ruzanna , Mereshchenko Andrey S. , Shishov Andrey , Tumkin Ilya I 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In this work, we proposed a rapid single-stage laser-induced fabrication of bimetallic micro-patterns on an oxide glass surface using deep eutectic solvents (DESs) consisting of choline chloride, citric acid along with nickel, copper and cobalt acetates as metallization solutions. The resulting bimetallic micropatterns were tested as working electrodes for non-enzymatic determination of dopamine. The linear range for dopamine detection was found to be 1–500 µM, with a sensitivity of 340.4 µA mM−1 and 615.2 µA mM−1 and a detection limit of 0.36 µM and 0.51 µM for Ni-Cu and Ni-Co sensor, respectively. For the first time, bimetallic Ni-Cu and Ni-Co structures have been obtained from DESs for high-performance dopamine detection with great potential for further application in non-enzymatic sensing and biosensing.
A new smoothing spline that acts like a low-pass filter
Authors: Vollebregt Edwin A.H. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Additional weighting factors are introduced into the smoothing spline, proportional to the sampling spacing, in agreement with a mathematicalphysical model for a thin elastic beam at small deflection. This improves the robustness of the spline with respect to variations in spacing of the data. The spline is then shown to correspond to a low pass (long pass) filter. This allows to set the level of smoothing in a more intuitive way, on the basis of the cut-off wavelength.
Development of a highly sensitive immunoassay to measure ataxin2 as a target engagement marker in Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 2
Authors: Bux Jessica , Sen Nesli Ece , Klink Isa-Maria , Hauser Stefan , Schöls Ludger , Auburger Georg , Riess Olaf Horst , Hübener-Schmid Jeannette 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 2 (SCA2) belongs to a group of neurodegenerative diseases, inherited as an autosomal dominant trait. SCA2 is a trinucleotide repeat disease with a CAG repeat expansion in exon 1 of the ATXN2gene resulting in an ataxin-2 protein with an expanded polyglutamine (polyQ)-stretch. The disease is late manifesting leading to premature death. Today, therapeutic interventions to cure the disease or even to decelerate disease progression are not available yet. Furthermore, primary readout parameter for disease progression and therapeutic intervention studies are limited. Thus, there is an urgent need for quantifiable molecular biomarkers such as ataxin-2 becoming even more important due to numerous potential protein reducing therapeutic intervention strategies.
Objective Aim of this study was to establish a sensitive technique to measure the amount of polyQ-expanded ataxin-2 in human biofluids to evaluate ataxin-2 protein levels as prognostic and/ -or therapeutic biomarker in SCA2.
Methods Time-Resolved Fluorescence Energy Transfer (TR-FRET) was used to establish a polyQ-expanded ataxin-2-specific immunoassay. Two different ataxin-2 antibodies and two different polyQ-binding antibodies were validated in three different concentrations and tested in cellular and animal tissue as well as in human cell lines, comparing different buffer conditions as well as total protein concentrations to evaluate the best assay conditions.
Results We established a TR-FRET-based immunoassay for polyQ-expanded ataxin-2 and validated measurements in human cell lines including primary skin fibroblasts, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and iPSC-derived cortical neurons. Additionally, our immunoassay was sensitive enough to monitor small ataxin-2 expression changes by siRNA or starvation treatment.
Conclusion We successfully established the first sensitive ataxin-2 immunoassay to measure specifically polyQ-expanded ataxin-2 in human biomaterials.
Association of depression with long-term mortality in survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: A population-based longitudinal study
Authors: Lee Juncheol , Cho Yongil , Oh Jaehoon , Kang Hyunggoo , Lim Tae Ho , Ko Byuk Sung , Yoo Kyung Hun , Lee Sang Whan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background: We aimed to identify the associations between depression or anxiety and long-term mortality in survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA).
Methods: We conducted a retrospective longitudinal cohort study using claims data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service (NHIS) database. We included OHCA patients (aged ≥18 years) who werehospitalized between January 2005 and December 2015 and had survived for 1 year or longer. We extracted the data of patients diagnosed with depression or anxiety within l year. The endpoint waslong-term cumulative mortality. We evaluated long-term mortality in patients with and withouta diagnosis of depression or anxiety.
Results: We followed 2,373 OHCA patients for up to 14 years. A total of 397 (16.7%) patients were diagnosed with depression or anxiety, of whom251 (10.6%) and 227 (9.6%) were diagnosed with depression and anxiety, respectively. The incidence of long-term mortality was significantly higher in the group diagnosed with depression or anxiety than in the group without depression or anxiety [141 (35.5%) vs. 534 (27.0%), p=0.001]. We performed multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression,and the adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) of long-term mortality in total patients with depression or anxiety, patients with depression, and patients with anxiety were 1.41 (95% confidence interval (CI), 1.17-1.70), 1.44 (95% CI, 1.16-1.79), and 1.20 (95% CI, 0.94-1.53), respectively.
Conclusions: Among the patients who survived OHCA, those diagnosed with depression or anxiety had higher long-term mortality rates than those without depression or anxiety.
Spatial Distribution and Tourism Competition of Intangible Cultural Heritage：Take Guizhou as an example
Authors: dong baoling , Bai Kai , Sun Xiaolong , Liu Yang 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
As an important tourism resource, intangible cultural heritage has strong industrial driving benefits and social development value. Its spatial distribution imbalance and utilization status have theoretical and practical significance for the analysis of tourism development trend and tourism competition in related regions. In view of this, this paper uses GIS and tourism competition matrix method to analyze the case of Guizhou Province which is rich in intangible cultural heritage resources in 2019. The results show that: (1) the national and provincial intangible cultural heritage in Guizhou presents consistency and regularity in type structure, in which the number of folk intangible cultural heritage is the largest, while the number of folk art intangible cultural heritage is the least. (2) There are one high-density core areas and multiple secondary core areas in the space of national ICH in Guizhou Province. (3) Guizhou Province’s provincial intangible cultural heritage forms a belt density belt extending from southwest to southeast and three high-density core areas.(4) Through the analysis of tourism competition matrix, it is found that there are four development types in nine cities and states of Guizhou Province, namely “tourism prosperity-intangible cultural heritage tourism prosperity”, “tourism prosperity-intangible cultural heritage tourism weakness”, “tourism weakness- intangible cultural heritage tourism weakness” and “tourism weakness-intangible cultural heritage tourism prosperity”.