bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fully distributed finite‐time consensus under state‐dependent communication network
Authors: Zhao Le , Liu Yungang , Li Fengzhong 
Published: February 2025

AbstractNetwork topology is one of crucial components in multi‐agent systems, and it reflects the information interaction between agents. In many practical multi‐agent systems, for example, wireless sensor networks, the interactions between agents can be characterized by a state‐dependent graph, in which the weights vary with the relative agent states. How to achieve the finite‐time consensus under the state‐dependent graph is worth in‐depth research and especially integrates/reforms the relevant techniques. This paper addresses the finite‐time consensus for uncertain nonlinear multi‐agent systems under a state‐dependent graph. Typically, the systems allow severe uncertainties in control coefficients and nonlinearities, which, together with the state‐dependent graph, renders the protocol design of finite‐time consensus more difficult. To this end, a fully distributed protocol with dynamic high gain is designed. Notably, in the protocol, only one dynamic high gain, rather than multiple ones in related existing results, is sufficient to deal with the uncertainties and the unavailable global graph information. Especially, a condition which relies on the specified distance and the system initial states is presented to guarantee the connectivity of the graph. It turns out that by the protocol and condition, the finite‐time consensus is achieved. Simulation results are given to illustrate the validity of the proposed method.
Assessing Internal Consistency of the Autism Spectrum Disorder Gastrointestinal and Related Behaviors Inventory and the Frequency and Socio‐Emotional Correlates of Gastrointestinal Difficulties in Children With the Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Cross‐Sectional Study
Authors: Lestarevic Sanja , Mihailovich Marija , Vlaisavljevic Milica , Kalanj Marko , Grujicic Roberto , Maravic Vanja Mandic , Mitkovic‐Voncina Marija , Holingue Calliope , Pejovic‐Milovancevic Milica 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTGastrointestinal (GI) difficulties are common in children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, these difficulties can frequently remain unrecognized. Therefore, we aimed to translate a newly developed instrument, The Autism Spectrum Disorder Gastrointestinal and Related Behaviors Inventory in Children (ASD‐GIRBI), to assess its reliability and to explore the frequency of various gastrointestinal difficulties and related behaviors, as well as to explore the association of GI difficulties with the measures of social functioning and emotional and behavioral difficulties in children with ASD. A total of 98 children and adolescents (aged 4–18 [Mage = 10.67 ± 3.705], 82.7% male), previously diagnosed with ASD at the Institute of Mental Health in Belgrade, Serbia, took part in this research. Their parents filled out the following questionnaires: ASD‐GIRBI (an assessment of gastrointestinal and related symptoms), Stanford Social Dimensions Scale (SSDS) (a measure of social functioning) and Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) (a measure of emotional and behavioral problems). Our results indicate that the ASD‐GIRBI is a reliable instrument for GI difficulties assessment (Cronbach's α = 0.841) with the total score successfully discriminating between the participants with and without a GI disorder diagnosis (p = 0.040). Any gastrointestinal symptom was present in 54.1% of the participants, most commonly flatulence, diarrhea, and constipation. The severity of gastrointestinal difficulties correlated to emotional problems (r = 0.261, p < 0.01), conduct problems (r = 0.219, p < 0.05), hyperactivity (r = 0.381, p < 0.01), peer problems (r = 0.266, p < 0.01), total difficulties (r = 0.454, p < 0.01) and total difficulties impact (r = 0.321, p < 0.01). Our data emphasize the potential importance of GI difficulties for various areas of functioning of individuals with ASD.
Unscaled Indices for Assessing Agreement of Functional Data
Authors: Choi Kaeum , Jang Jeong Hoon 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTA decision to adopt a new medical device requires a rigorous assessment of the reliability and reproducibility of its clinical measurements. In this paper, with the goal of establishing the validity and acceptability of modern high‐tech medical devices that generate functional data, we focus on the problem of assessing agreement of multiple functional data that are measured on the same subjects by different methods/technologies/raters. Specifically, we introduce a series of unscaled indices, total deviation index (TDI) and coverage probability (CP), that themselves are functions of time and can delineate the trends of intramethod, intermethod, and total (intra+inter) agreement of functional data across time in terms of the original measurement scale. We also develop scalar‐valued TDI and CP indices that summarize the degree of agreement over the entire domain based on the weighted average idea. We advocate an experimental design under which each of the two methods generates replicated functional data measurements for each subject, and express each index using a mean function and variance components of a bivariate multilevel functional linear mixed effects model. Such a formulation allows us to smoothly estimate the indices based on our bivariate multilevel functional principal component analysis approach that only requires eigenanalyses of univariate covariance functions for better efficiency and scalability. Comprehensive simulation studies are conducted to examine the finite‐sample properties of the estimators. The proposed method is applied to assess the reliability and reproducibility of renogram curves generated by diuresis renography, a high‐tech medical imaging device widely used to detect kidney obstruction.
Addressing selectivity challenges in seawater splitting: Catalyst design for oxygen and chlorine evolution reactions
Authors: Park Gisang , Kim Minjeong , Park Joon Yong , Nam Ki Min 
Published: February 2025

AbstractDirect seawater splitting is a promising pathway for sustainable hydrogen (H2) production. However, significant challenges persist, particularly at the anode, where the high concentration of chloride ions induces competitive reactions between the chlorine evolution reaction (CER) and the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Although chlorine gas (Cl2) has a higher commercial value than oxygen (O2), selective oxygen generation is often more advantageous for large‐scale hydrogen production. Compared with freshwater splitting, seawater splitting introduces additional complexities, including material degradation caused by chlorine corrosion. Therefore, the development of robust electrocatalysts is essential to enhance long‐term system stability and overall efficiency, as well as to enable selective Cl2 or O2 production. These challenges make seawater splitting inherently more complex than freshwater splitting. This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent advancements in electrocatalysts for seawater splitting, delving into the fundamental mechanisms governing anode reactions, particularly OER and CER. In addition, we critically examine strategies to control reaction selectivity, focusing on designing electrocatalysts that favor one reaction over the other, considering factors such as catalyst composition and structure. Finally, we outline significant opportunities, challenges, and design approaches to guide future research and technological advancements in seawater splitting.
Cognitive function, health literacy, and subsequent incidence of dementia among Japanese older adults
Authors: Makino Keitaro , Lee Sangyoon , Katayama Osamu , Tomida Kouki , Yamaguchi Ryo , Yamagiwa Daiki , Shimada Hiroyuki 
Published: February 2025

AbstractINTRODUCTIONLow cognitive function and poor health literacy are risk factors for dementia and have a bidirectional relationship. Here, we examined their individual and combined effects on the incidence of dementia.METHODSThis longitudinal study included 2445 community‐dwelling Japanese older adults aged ≥ 65 years without dementia at baseline. We assessed participants’ cognitive function and health literacy at baseline using a multidomain neurocognitive test and the Communicative and Critical Health Literacy Scale, respectively. Participants were followed up monthly for new‐onset dementia over 5 years.RESULTSIn Cox proportional hazards regression with normal cognition × high health literacy as the reference group, hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) for normal cognition × low health literacy, low cognitive function × high health literacy, and low cognitive function × low health literacy were 1.50 (1.03–2.18), 2.56 (1.78–3.68), and 2.74 (1.87–4.01), respectively, after adjusting for covariates.DISCUSSIONLow health literacy, as well as low cognitive function, may be crucial independent risk factors for dementia among community‐dwelling older adults.
Recent trends in biotechnological production, engineering, and applications of lysophospholipases
Authors: Nazir Arshia , Sajjad Muhammad 
Published: February 2025

AbstractOil degumming process involves the removal of gums, which is required to improve the physicochemical and storage properties of the vegetable oils. Degumming of oils can be carried out by using chemicals, membranes (polymeric, inorganic, and ceramic), or enzymes, for example, phospholipases. Phospholipases are enzymes of tremendous significance in the degumming process as they convert gums to fatty acids and lipophilic substances. They provide a cost‐effective and safe alternative to other degumming processes without affecting the oil yield. Lysophospholipases (LPLs) are highly valuable tools for degumming vegetable oils. LPLs can hydrolyze fatty acyl ester bonds of phosphatidylcholine at the sn‐1 and sn‐2 positions of glycerol moiety. In addition, they have the ability to catalyze hydrolysis lysophospholipids' ester bond either at sn‐1 or sn‐2 position. In this review, biotechnological production and biochemical characteristics of LPLs from three domains of life are highlighted. In comparison to bacterial and eukaryotic LPLs, archaeal LPLs were found to be active at high temperatures. Broad substrate specificity and thermostability of archaeal LPLs make them ideal candidates for the industrial degumming of oils. However, improvement of activity and substrate specificity of archaeal LPLs is required for enhancing their industrial utility. In the current review, various protein‐engineering approaches (directed evolution, rational design, site‐saturation mutagenesis, and fusion technology) as well as in silico tools have been discussed to increase the commercial significance of LPLs.
Guillain‐Barré Syndrome as the Initial Presentation of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Case Report
Authors: Sharma Rishi Raj , Ghimire Pukar , Devkota Nebula , Pant Prashant , Gyawali Sunil , Chhetri Suchit Thapa 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTGuillain‐Barré Syndrome (GBS) can be the initial presentation of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE). Neurologists should consider SLE as a differential diagnosis in patients with limb tingling and weakness, adapting treatment accordingly for optimal management.
The Comparison of Four Models of Community Psychiatry—A Systematic Review and Preliminary Meta‐Analysis of the ACT Model
Authors: Wilk Kacper , Kowalewska Ewelina , Jakubowska Małgorzata , Załuska Maria , Lew‐Starowicz Michał 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe aim of this systematic review and preliminary meta‐analysis is to summarize the effectiveness of selected models of community psychiatry: community mental health center, flexible assertive community treatment, community mental health team and assertive community treatment.MethodsIn order to determine the results of therapeutic interventions, comparison of symptom severity, level of functioning, use of institutional care, quality of life/well‐being/recovery and satisfaction at baseline and during follow‐up was conducted. Thirty‐seven quantitative studies were selected, grouped according to the study model and compared in terms of positive, neutral and negative impact on patients according to efficacy factors. Additionally, a preliminary random‐effects meta‐analysis was performed on 11 studies to investigate the effectiveness of assertive community treatment.ResultsReview shows the overall positive results of the selected models. The best documented effects were an increase in the level of functioning and a reduction in institutional care. The number of articles collected indicates that community mental health center and assertive community treatment are better researched than community mental health team and flexible assertive community treatment models. Meta‐analysis on assertive community treatment studies showed significant pooled effect sizes for domains of functioning, quality of life, hospitalizations and symptom severity.ConclusionsThe community mental health center and assertive community treatment are most likely to indicate efficiency and safety. The community mental health team and flexible assertive community treatment models should be explored in future studies. Results of the preliminary meta‐analysis provide further evidence for the effectiveness of assertive community treatment.
Cytotoxicity of Different Concentrations of Silver Nanoparticles and Calcium Hydroxide for MC3T3‐E1 Preosteoblast Cell Line
Authors: Afhkami Farzaneh , Ahmadi Paniz , Rostami Golriz 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionWith the advances in nanotechnology, nanomaterials are increasingly used in various fields due to their antibacterial properties; therefore, assessing the benefits and risks associated with the application of medicaments is imperative. This study evaluated the cytotoxicity of different concentrations of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and calcium hydroxide (CH) for MC3T3‐E1 preosteoblast cell line.Material and MethodsThe MC3T3‐E1 preosteoblast cells were exposed to triple antibiotic paste (TAP), AgNPs, CH, and different concentrations of AgNPs mixed with CH in 1:1, 1:2, and 1:3 ratios for 24, 48, and 72 h. Cytotoxicity was evaluated by the methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay, and also the colony formation assay (CFA) was performed.ResultsAt 24 h, the TAP and AgNPs groups showed the highest and the CH‐AgNPs/1:3 group had the lowest cell viability percentage in comparison to the other experimental groups. At 48 h, the TAP group showed the highest and the CH‐AgNPs/1:3 group showed the lowest cell viability. At 72 h, the AgNPs and CH groups showed the highest viability, while the lowest viability was noted in the CH‐AgNPs/1:3 and CH‐AgNPs/1:2 groups.ConclusionAgNPs showed the least cytotoxic effects in all periods. The addition of AgNPs to CH increases the cytotoxic effects of CH on experimental cells. After 48 and 72 h, CH‐AgNPs/1:1 showed significantly higher cell viability in comparison to higher concentrations.
Extracellular Vesicles Derived From Lipopolysaccharide‐Challenged Gingival Fibroblast Reveal Distinct miRNA Expression Patterns Associated With Reduced Cancer Survival
Authors: Diehl Daniel , Brauer Charlotte Lauren , Bachmann Hagen S. , Pembaur Daniel , Weil Patrick Philipp , Friedmann Anton 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTObjectivesPeriodontitis is a prevalent inflammatory disease with established systemic implications. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as key mediators of intercellular communication, potentially linking periodontitis to systemic diseases. However, the molecular cargo of EVs from inflamed periodontal cells remains poorly characterized. This study investigates the EV cargo of human gingival fibroblasts (hGF‐hTERT) following lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation and explores their potential role in cancer progression.Materials and MethodsEVs were isolated from LPS‐treated and untreated fibroblasts via ultracentrifugation. Dynamic light scattering and scanning electron microscopy characterized EV size and morphology. RNA sequencing identified differentially expressed miRNAs, validated by qPCR. Functional pathway enrichment and in‐silico analyses using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were performed to assess EV‐associated miRNA impact on tumorigenesis.ResultsEV size and concentration remained unchanged after LPS stimulation. However, LPS‐derived EVs exhibited a 2.6‐fold increase in miRNA content, with three significantly upregulated miRNAs: miR‐146a‐5p, miR‐486‐5p, and miR‐451a. Functional enrichment analysis revealed their involvement in inflammation, immune modulation, and cancer pathways. In vitro, LPS‐derived EVs significantly enhanced prostate cancer (LnCap) cell proliferation. TCGA analysis linked the upregulated miRNAs to poor cancer prognosis.ConclusionsLPS stimulation alters the miRNA cargo of gingival fibroblast‐derived EVs, enhancing pathways associated with inflammation and cancer progression. These findings suggest a mechanistic role for periodontal EVs in systemic disease pathogenesis, warranting further investigation into their diagnostic and therapeutic potential.
Explicit CSR Communication Among Trade and Subcontractor SMEs in the Construction Industry
Authors: Le Lam Quang , Teo Pauline , Gajanayake Akvan 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThis study explores the current landscape of explicit Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) communication via webpages by Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in the construction industry to their stakeholders. A qualitative content analysis, grounded in stakeholder theory, was conducted on the webpages of 67 trade and subcontractor SMEs in the construction industry, specifically in the state of Victoria, Australia. It is found that Environmental CSR practices are the most frequently disclosed, particularly regarding eco‐friendly products and packaging. Employee‐related CSR practices are second, focusing on occupational health and safety. However, disclosures on Society/Community‐ and Supplier/Partner‐related CSR practices are limited. SMEs comprise a large proportion of the construction industry, face resource constraints but are crucial for local economies and sustainable practices. Unlike most of the previous studies which focus on large enterprises, this research examines the CSR practices of construction SMEs through their webpages, offering insights into their role in socially responsible construction and the need to guide SMEs for effective communication of CSR initiatives. The focus is on the webpages of trade and subcontractor SMEs in the construction industry. The findings guide SME owner‐managers in improving CSR disclosure, emphasising the need for tailored communication strategies.
Optimal Operation of Port PV Systems Based on Improved Reinforcement Learning
Authors: Tang Ruoli , Tian Chenchen , Li Xin , Dong Zhengcheng , Lai Jingang , Zhang Yan 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIntroducing new energy sources to create green ports holds great importance in the context of global energy conservation. As an important source of new energy power generation, the optimal operation of photovoltaic (PV) power generation has always been the focus of research. Port PV systems are prone to partial shading due to variable weather conditions and building occlusion. This phenomenon results in PV arrays with multipeaked power curves, thereby increasing the difficulty of maximum power point tracking (MPPT). Moreover, traditional reinforcement learning (RL) is incapable of addressing this problem effectively. Therefore, this paper proposes an improved RL‐MPPT algorithm. To enhance the convergence speed of this method, a Q‐table matching mechanism based on a back propagation neural network (BPNN) is introduced. Additionally, to mitigate the problem of the PV panel aging and the lack of updates in the Q‐table knowledge base, a Q‐table knowledge base time window update mechanism is implemented. Finally, MPPT method is verified by a comprehensive set of simulation experiments. The experimental results indicate that the Q‐table matching mechanism based on BPNN can effectively improve the convergence speed of the RL algorithm, and can effectively overcome the multi‐peak power characteristics in the MPPT control process of the port PV system in complex environmental scenarios, with good control accuracy, dynamic characteristics and robustness.
A Decentralized Optimal Economic Dispatch Control of Cascaded‐Type DC Microgrids With Capacity and Load Voltage Constraints
Authors: Li Lang , Hou Xiaochao , Liao Yuefeng 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTMaintaining a high‐quality power supply and cost‐effective operation is significant for microgrids. This paper investigates the optimization problem of minimizing the total generation costs (TGCs) of cascaded‐type DC microgrids, subject to capacity and load voltage. To solve this problem, a novel decentralized optimal economic dispatch control strategy is proposed; it has an economic impact on power dispatch in a communication‐free manner. That is, TGCs of cascaded‐type DC microgrids are minimized. The method allows each distributed generator (DG) to calculate its output voltage reference autonomously based on the local measurement. Further, the proposed strategy operates in a completely decentralized manner, which can improve the system's reliability and is easy to implement. Compared with existing methods, the proposed strategy ensures that all DGs operate within their capacity constraints to prevent overload. Meanwhile, the load voltage can remain nearly constant. Thus, the desired high‐quality load voltage is achieved. In terms of the proposed method, the minimization of TGC operation is obtained, and the optimal economic dispatch control is achieved. The stability of the proposed controller for cascaded‐type DC microgrids is analyzed. Finally, simulations and experiments have been executed to showcase the efficacy of the proposed scheme.