bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of the Effect of Adding L-Carnitine to Propranolol in the Prevention of Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome Attacks in Children
Authors: Famouri Fatemeh , Janani Somayeh , Chegini Victoria , Saneian Hossein , Khademian Majid , Khoshhali Mehri , Nasri Peiman 
Published: October 2022

Background: Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome (CVS) is an idiopathic, complex, multifactorial disorder that is often characterized by recurrent episodes of vomiting and is usually separated by asymptomatic episodes. Prophylaxis should be considered in children with frequent or severe periods. Prevention and treatment of CVS in children is very difficult and no specific and effective treatment has been proven in clinical trials. Propranolol is approved for the prophylaxis of CVS in children of all ages, but its effectiveness has been variable. In this study, we investigated the efficacy and safety of adding L-Carnitine to propranolol therapy in the prevention of pediatric CVS.
Methods: 76 children who were diagnosed with CVS were included in this study. They were divided into two equal groups. The first group received high dose of Propranolol and the case group received L-Carnitine with low dose of propranolol for 6 months.
Results: CVS attacks’ frequency in both groups of treatment with propranolol alone and in combination with L-Carnitine and propranolol, before and after the treatment was significantly reduced. But there is no significant difference between the two groups 70.6%) vs. 90.9%) (p-value=0.062). There was no significant reduction in the duration days between vomiting attack index in both groups (31.6 % vs.43.2%) (p-value= 0.345).
Conclusion: Our research revealed that combination of low dose propranolol with L-Carnitine has comparable efficacy with high dose Propranolol in prophylaxis of CVS.
Non-Invasive Prenatal Genetic Screening to Detect Trisomies In Singleton and Twin Pregnancies
Authors: Razdan Alpana , Arora Rajat , Agarwal Gauri , Sharma Vandana , Kandpal Jagdish , Singh Narendra , Nandi Malobi 
Published: October 2022

Background
Screening for fetal anomalies is one of the most critical parts of prenatal testing to reduce the burden of chromosomal aberrations and improve clinical outcomes in pregnancy. The available literature suggests that India carries a strong economic, emotional, and health care burden of new-born genetic diseases.
Material and Methods:
We present a single-center retrospective study of 200 singletons and 6 dichorionic diamniotic twin gestations screened for chromosomal abnormalities and trisomies using NIPT. The patients were presented with a gestation period of 10-12 (plus a few days) weeks, clinically confirmed with singleton or diamniotic dizygotic twins, who underwent NIPT between the years 2021-2022 (mid) at our center. All the patients underwent sonographic examination and biochemical investigations with regular follow-up and genetic counseling. The clinical history and family history of the presence of any genetic disease or any other disease were previously taken by the clinician in all cases. The main clinical indications were increased risk of trisomies found in markers test, advanced maternal age, or presented with some mild complications in pregnancy.
Results;
Out of the total (206) pregnancies, only 2 singleton cases were found at high risk in NIPT screen, prospectively followed up, and showed normal twins in six cases of twin pregnancy growing successfully. The high-risk cases were genetically counselled and further tests using amniotic or chorionic villi samples were recommended by the clinician with regular clinical follow-up.
Conclusion:
This retrospective study clearly indicates that non-invasive prenatal testing in pregnancy is a safe and effective screening test to rule out certain chromosomal abnormalities and to omit the need of further invasive tests among low-risk cases.
An Analysis of Prostate Biopsy Results at the Cape Coast Teaching Hospital, Ghana
Authors: Patrick Opoku Maison  , Douglas Arthur  , Alvin Asante-Asamani  , Patrick Kafui Akakpo  
Published: October 2022

Introduction: Prostate cancer is the commonly diagnosed male cancer worldwide. The best technique for the diagnosis of prostate cancer is prostate biopsy. Transrectal ultrasound (TRUS)-guided biopsy of the prostate enhances early diagnosis of prostate cancers.
Objective: The aim of the study is to describe the clinical and pathological characteristics of Prostate cancers as seen at the Cape Coast Teaching Hospital
Materials and Methods: A total of 62 patients who underwent TRUS-guided prostatic biopsy over a period of 3 years (January 2019- December 2021) participated in the study. Their data were analyzed retrospectively using the archives of the pathology department of the Cape Coast Teaching Hospital.
Results: Of the 62 patients who underwent TRUS-guided prostrate biopsy from January 2019 to December 2021, their mean age was 68.3 with an age range of 34-89 years. 67.7% had adenocarcinoma of the prostate, 1.6% had spindle cell cancer, 24.2% had benign prostate hyperplasia and 6.5% had chronic prostatitis.
Conclusion: The indications for prostate biopsy in our center detect more patients with prostate cancer than other prostate pathologies. The serum PSA significantly correlated with the Gleason grade.
Cortical Reorganization of Early Somatosensory Processing in Hemiparetic Stroke
Authors: Williamson Jordan N , Sikora William A , Parmar Nishaal J , Lepak Louis V , Cheema Carolyn F , Refai Hazem H , Dewald Julius P , Wu Dee H , Sidorov Evgeny V , Yang Yuan 
Published: October 2022

The cortical motor system can be reorganized following a stroke, with an increasing recruitment of the contralesional hemisphere. However, it is unknown whether a similar hemispheric shift occurs in the somatosensory system to adapt to this motor change, and whether this is related to movement impairments. This proof-of-concept study assessed somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs), P50 and N100, in hemiparetic stroke participants and age-matched controls using high-density electroencephalograph (EEG) recordings during tactile finger stimulation. The laterality index was calculated to determine hemispheric dominance of the SEP and re-confirmed with source localization. The study found that latencies of P50 and N100 were significantly delayed in stroke brains when stimulating the paretic hand. The amplitude of P50 was negatively correlated with Fügl-Meyer Upper Extremity Motor Score in stroke. Bilateral cortical responses were detected in stroke, while only contralateral cortical responses were shown in controls, resulting in a significant difference in the laterality index. These results suggested that somatosensory reorganization after stroke involves increased recruitment of ipsilateral cortical regions. This reorganization delays the latency of somatosensory processing after a stroke. This research provided new insights related to the somatosensory reorganization after stroke, which could enrich future hypothesis-driven therapeutic rehabilitation strategies from a sensory or sensory-motor perspective.
Development of Engineering Models of Nanosatellites for Student Training
Authors: Evchik V. Е. , Spiridonov A. A. , Ushakov D. V. , Baranova V. S. , Shalatonin I. A. , Saechnikov V. A. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe work purpose is the development of BSUIM-1 and BSUIM-2 complexes for training specialists in the aerospace industry with the used engineering test beds and experimental facilities.Two sets of nanosatellite engineering models and ground stations had developed. They allow testing hardware and software of the onboard equipment and payload, simulating operation modes, and flight programs, and enable students to gain practical skills in working with ultra-small satellites. The complexes include ground stations, 2 ultra-small satellite simulators, BSUSAT-1 low-orbit nanosatellite, remote access laboratory, local and external servers for data storage. The complexes' website and database allow for full-time and remote training. The experience gained in conducting experiments, processing telemetry, and structuring information in the database is used for further development. All the developed equipment is made based on commercial off-the-shelf elements. It has reduced development costs, flexible equipment reconfiguration, and easier access to the simulator's internal architecture for demonstration purposes.The developed complexes allow students to practically study the ultra-small satellite components design and ground stations, methods for receiving and processing telemetry and scientific information, attitude determination and control algorithms. The complexes allow to conduct of research in the development of individual onboard systems and special-purpose equipment of the nanosatellite and their testing in the loop. The results obtained are introduced into the educational process and are used in lectures and laboratory classes for aerospace specialties students. The developed complexes make it possible to carry out term papers, theses, and master’s works related to the design of hardware and software for nanosatellites and a ground station, the setting up of space experiments, the development of new algorithms and a flight program for ultra-small satellites.
Remote anaesthesia patient informed consent - an overview of the current implementation in Europe
Authors: Neumann Claudia , Strassberger-Nerschbach Nadine , Delis Achilles , Kamp Johannes , Görtzen-Patin Alexandra , Cudian Dishalen , Fleischer Andreas , Wietasch Götz , Coburn Mark , Schindler Ehrenfried , Schleifer Grigorij , Wittmann Maria 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Digitalisation in the health system is a topic that is rapidly gaining popularity, not only because of the current pandemic. As in many areas of daily life, digitalisation is becoming increasingly important in the medical field amid the exponential rise in the use of computers and smartphones. This opens up new possibilities for optimising patient education in the context of anaesthesia. The main aim of this study was to assess the implementation of remote consent in Europe.
Methods
An online survey entitled “Digital online Patient Informed Consent for Anaesthesia before Elective Surgery. Recent practice in Europe”, with a total of 27 questions was sent by the European Society of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care (ESAIC) to their members in 47 European countries. To assess the effect of economy on digitalisation and legal status with regard to anaesthesia consent, data were stratified based on Gross Domestic Product Per Capita (GDPPC).
Results
23.1% and 37.2% of the 930 participants indicated that it was possible to obtain consent online or via telephone, respectively. This observation was more often reported in countries with high GDPPC levels than in countries with low GDPPC levels. Furthermore, 27.3% of responses for simple, 18.7% for complex, and 32.2% for repeated anaesthesia indicated that remote consent was in accordance with the law and was especially prevalent in countries with high GDPPC. Concerning the timing of consent, patients were informed at least one day before in 67.1% for simple and in 85.2% for complex procedures.
Conclusion
Even European countries with high GDPPC use remote informed consent only in a minority of cases and most of the time for repeated anaesthetic procedures. This might reflect the inconsistent legal situation and inhomogeneous medical technical structures across Europe.
FTH1 indicates poor prognosis and promotes metastasis by regulating HMOX1 in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Liu Zhifeng , Yang Jing , Liao Qingyun , Lu Zhaoyi , Jiang Qingshan , Gong Yongqian , Liu Lijun , Peng Hong , Wang Qin , Zhang Xin 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Currently, FTH1 has been increasingly found to play a crucial role in cancer as a core regulator of ferroptosis, while its role of non-ferroptosis in HNSCC is still unclear. Herein, we analyzed the expression level of FTH1 in HNSCC using TCGA database and FTH1 protein in HNSCC tissues and cell lines was determined by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and western blotting, respectively. Then, its prognostic value and relationship with clinical parameters were investigated in HNSCC patients. Additionally, the biological function and its molecular mechanism of FTH1 in HNSCC were explored. The current study showed that FTH1 is significantly overexpressed in HNSCC tissues and related to poor prognosis and lymph node metastasis of HNSCC. FTH1 knockdown could suppress the metastasis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process of HNSCC and we further demonstrated that it may be caused by the inactivation of β-catenin/ZEB1 through HMOX1. Taken together, our findings indicate that FTH1 plays a critical role in the progression and metastasis of HNSCC and can serve as a promising prognostic factor and therapeutic target in HNSCC.
Microplastics in straw
Authors: Vähäsalo Lari , Hiltunen Paula , Smeds Annika , Xu Chunlin 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Agricultural waste or residues have great potential to be utilized more broadly than for bedding material and animal feed. In this paper, we have analyzed several straw samples, collected from different fields around southern Finland and found them to contain various amounts of microplastics, which make valorization of agricultural residue more difficult than expected. This also causes concern to animal health since the microplastics are almost impossible to wash from the biomass. Especially interesting would be the possibility to produce highly valuable cellulose micro fibrils (CMF), also known as micro fibrillated cellulose (MFC), however, this has shown to depend on the amount of microplastics in the biomass.
Prediction of optimal 3D printing orientation using vertically sparse voxelization and modified support structure tomography
Authors: Jung Jin Young , Chee Seonkoo , Sul In Hwan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This study proposes a simple geometric algorithm for predicting the total mass of support structures in PLA-based fused-deposition-modeling-type three-dimensional (3D) printing. The total printing time and filament mass, especially for large objects, can be reduced by finding in advance the optimal orientation at which the support structure mass is minimal. The main idea is based on the shadow-casting analogy, which assumes that the volume of the support structure is similar to the shadow from virtual sunlight. We modify our previous method to make the proposed algorithm computationally more efficient than the g-code generation of conventional slicing software. First, the triangular elements of the target object are converted to pairs of integer-based normal vectors and coordinates via vertically sparse voxelization. Second, each voxel's center point is designated as a pixel, and pixels at the same X and Y coordinates are stored in the same group designated as a slot. The pixels in each slot are classified into several groups, and their noise is suppressed using a specially designed noise-filtering algorithm called slot-pairing. The final support structure volume information is rendered as a two-dimensional (2D) figure similar to a medical X-ray image. Thus, we named our method modified support structure tomography. Our algorithm showed an error range of not more than 1.6% with exact volumes and 6.8% with slicing software. Moreover, the calculation time was only several minutes for tens of thousands of mesh triangles. The algorithm was verified for several meshes, such as the cone, sphere, Stanford bunny, and human manikin.
A comparative study of posterior teeth buccolingual inclination between cleft lip and palate and non-cleft palate with skeletal Class III malocclusion skeleton relationship patients based on CBCT
Authors: He Jiabei , Jiang Lihua , Song Shaohua , Mo Shuixue 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background:
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the differences between buccolingual inclination of maxillary posterior teeth between cleft lip and palate（CLP）and non-cleft palate with skeletal Class III malocclusion patients. We aimed to examine the reasons for the differences and to explore a method of maxillary expansion which is more suitable for patients with CLP.
Methods:
For this retrospective study, 40 patients with CLP and 21 patients with skeletal Class III malocclusion were selected. The CLP group was divided into the unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) and bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP) groups. The buccolingual inclination of the maxillary first premolar (BI4), maxillary second premolar (BI5) and first molar (BI6) were measured using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), and the differences between them were compared and analyzed statistically.
Results:
There were significant differences between cleft side BI4 and non-cleft side BI4 in the UCLP group, BI5 in the BCLP group, BI4 and BI5 in all CLP groups and the skeletal Class III malocclusion group. There was almost no difference in BI6 between the three groups.
Conclusions:
The premolars of patients with CLP do not show the same regularity as those with Class III; this may be related to surgical scarring of the cleft palate. Attention should be paid to the correction of buccolingual inclination in the maxillary expansion of patients with CLP.
The expected values and variances for degree-based topological indices in three random chains*
Authors: Zhang Weilin , You Lihua , Liu Hechao , Fang Xiaona 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This article is devoted to obtain a general method of calculating the expected values and variances for degree-based topological indices in random hexagonal, phenylene and polyphenyl chains. Based on the general method, some important degree-based topological indices are discussed and the explicit analytical expressions of their expected values and variances are presented, in which some known results are included. Besides, the expected values and variances for degree-based topological indices in these random chains are compared. In the end, the extremal values and the average values for degree-based topological indices in these random chains are determined.
OsSRK1, a Lectin receptor-like kinase, controls plant height by mediating internode elongation in Oryza sativa L.
Authors: Li Bin , Li Yixing , Qiu Mudan , Dong Hao , Li Xiushan , Liu Xuanming , He Chongsheng , Li Li 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
LecRLKs (Lectin receptor-like kinases) is a subfamily of RLKs (receptor like kinase) and takes part in mounds of biological processes in plant-environment interaction. However, the roles of LecRLKs in plant development are still elusive. Here, we showed that OsSRK1, belonging to LecRLK family in rice, had a relative higher expression in internode and stem in comparison with that in root and leaf. Importantly, srk1-1 and srk1-2, two genome-edited mutants of OsSRK1using CRISPR/Cas9 system, exhibited obviously a decreased plant height and shorter length of the first internode and second internode compared with those in WT. Subsequently, histochemical sectioning showed that the stem diameter and the cell length in stem are significantly reduced in srk1-1 and srk1-2 compared with WT. Moreover, analyzing the expression of four gibberellin biosynthesis related genes showed that CPS, KAO, KS1 and GA3ox2 expression had similar levels between WT and mutants. Importantly, we further verified that OsSRK1 can directly interact with gibberellin receptor GID1. Together, our results revealed that LecRLKs family member OsSRK1 positively regulated plant height by controlling internode elongation which maybe depended on OsSRK1- GID1 interaction mediated gibberellin signaling transduction.
Visualization analysis of research hotspots and frontier development of knowledge graph construction
Authors: Wang Zhaodi , Wang Lei , Wang Gang 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Knowledge graph construction is one of the hot issues in artificial intelligence, and it is the core and key to knowledge graph research. Through Citespace (a statistical software) and bibliometric analysis, we draw a visual knowledge graph based on relevant literature published from 2012 to 2021, and analyze it from multiple dimensions including annual published articles, institutions, research hotspots, and research frontiers. The following conclusions are obtained. First, the number of research results is gradually increasing, but the research institutions are scattered. Second, knowledge graph construction has been studied from diversified perspectives, but the concept connotation and technical boundary are vague. Third, the construction technology of each link is constantly developing, but its accuracy, basic methods and theories need to be further improved. Fourth, large-scale universal multilingual knowledge extraction and application, together with natural language processing, has become the most concerned issue in the current knowledge graph construction. However, in large-scale application in special fields, the research on knowledge graph evaluation technology is inadequate, and the development of educational technology based on knowledge graph is slightly insufficient. In the future, priority should be given to developing the application of knowledge graph in large-scale domestic fields, strengthening international cooperation and exchange in technology research & development, and developing knowledge graph system engineering conception. It is also important to strengthen the research on multi-domain application technology and the humanistic research of knowledge graph construction.
Improving Local Formability of Aluminum 6xxx and 7xxx Alloy Sheets using Friction Stir Processing for Automotive Applications
Authors: Wahaz Nasim , Das Hrishikesh , UPADHYAY PIYUSH , Efe Mert 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Friction stir processing (FSP) on a gantry setup was implemented on various high-strength commercial aluminum sheet metals, including 7085-T76, 7075-T6, 7055-T6, and 6111-T6, to improve the local formability of each alloy. Samples subjected to FSP were bend tested over a safe-to-fracture range by incrementally decreasing the radii of bending to find the radius to thickness ratio (r/t) at fracture. The locally processed region showed a formability improvement of 20% in 7075, 37% in 7055, 41% in 7085, and 71% in 6111 compared to the base alloys. A natural aging study on the FSP alloys showed only 12 hours of natural aging had lowered the elongation-to-fracture back to the base level for 7075 alloy, showing limited shelf life for forming applications for that alloy, whereas 6111 and 7055 alloys retained their elongationto-fracture improvements above the base alloy even after 2 weeks of natural aging. Effects of surface roughness on bending performance was tested on the 7085 alloy where a polished surface after FSP showed a slight improvement in r/t at fracture. Furthermore, the top and bottom surfaces of the processed sheet were bend tested at tension and compression, and the results showed that specimens processed at lower tool-head rotational speeds tended to fracture under tension but not under compression. Finally, FSP was incorporated into a robot tool head to evaluate the feasibility of local FSP for commercial applications at higher welding speeds of up to 5 m/min compared to the current gantry setup with its maximum welding speed of 2.9 m/min.