bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
miR-218-5p in endometrial microenvironment prevents the migration of ectopic endometrial stromal cells by inhibiting LASP1
Authors: Zhang Ziyu , Wang Yaoqing , Zeng Liqin , Yu Kaihui , Wang Yuanqin , Luo Yong , Liu Faying , Yang Bicheng , Zou Yang , Wang Liqun , Huang Ouping 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Our previous two-dimensional electrophoresis experiment showed that the expression of LASP1 in patients with endometriosis was significantly higher than that of control endometrium. However, the molecular mechanism by which LASP1 is regulated in endometriosis/adenomyosis is unknown.

Methods
Herein, qPCR was performed to analyze the expression levels of LASP1 and miR-218-5p between endometriosis (Ems) cells and control cells. Fluorescence in situ hybridization was carried out to measure the expression level of miR-218-5p in ectopic endometrium versus normal endometrium. After miR-218-5p mimic or inhibitor were transfected, the transwell experiment was carried out to see the effect of miR-218-5p on the migration of endometrial stromal cells (ESCs). EdU was used to measure cell proliferation rate. Dual-luciferase reporter assay was used to verify the binding of hsa-miR-218-5p to the 3’UTR of LASP1. Western blot and immunofluorescence analysis were carried out to identify the protein expression pattern of LASP1 and EMT markers in endometrial tissue.

Results
The miR-218-5p is mainly secreted from blood vessels and expressed in the muscle layer around the endometrium, which inhibits the expression level of LASP1 by binding the 3’UTR region of LASP1 in normal ESCs. Overexpression of miR-218-5p impedes the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and prevents the migration of ESCs and the expression of Vimentin in Ems.

Conclusions
Our findings revealed that miR-218-5p in endometrial microenvironment prevents the migration of ectopic endometrial stromal cells by inhibiting LASP1.
Effects of an intravenous ketamine infusion on inflammatory cytokine levels in male and female Sprague–Dawley rats
Authors: Spencer Haley F. , Berman Rina Y. , Boese Martin , Zhang Michael , Kim Sharon Y. , Radford Kennett D. , Choi Kwang H. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Ketamine, a multimodal dissociative anesthetic drug, is widely used as an analgesic following traumatic injury. Although ketamine may produce anti-inflammatory effects when administered after injury, the immunomodulatory properties of intravenous (IV) ketamine in a non-inflammatory condition are unclear. In addition, most preclinical studies use an intraperitoneal (IP) injection of ketamine, which limits its clinical translation as patients usually receive an IV ketamine infusion after injury.

Methods
Here, we administered sub-anesthetic doses of a single IV ketamine infusion (0, 10, or 40 mg/kg) to male and female Sprague–Dawley rats over a 2-h period. We collected blood samples at 2- and 4-h post-ketamine infusion to determine plasma inflammatory cytokine levels using multiplex immunoassays.

Results
The 10 mg/kg ketamine infusion reduced spontaneous locomotor activity in male and female rats, while the 40 mg/kg infusion stimulated activity in female, but not male, rats. The IV ketamine infusion produced dose-dependent and sex-specific effects on plasma inflammatory cytokine levels. A ketamine infusion reduced KC/GRO and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) levels in both male and female rats, interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels in female rats, and interleukin-10 (IL-10) levels in male rats. However, most cytokine levels returned to control levels at 4-h post-infusion, except for IL-6 levels in male rats and TNF-α levels in female rats, indicating a different trajectory of certain cytokine changes over time following ketamine administration.

Conclusions
The current findings suggest that sub-anesthetic doses of an IV ketamine infusion may produce sex-related differences in the effects on peripheral inflammatory markers in rodents, and further research is warranted to determine potential therapeutic effects of an IV ketamine infusion in an inflammatory condition.
Comparative analysis of the effects of OLIF and TLIF on adjacent segments after treatment of L4 degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis
Authors: Li Guang-qing , Tong Tong , Wang Lin-feng 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
The fusion of the lumbar spine may lead to the degeneration of the adjacent segments. In this study, the effects of OLIF and TLIF on adjacent segments after treatment of L4 degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis (DLS) were compared and analysed.

Methods
This was a retrospective analysis of the medical records of consecutive patients treated with OLIF or TLIF for L4DLS. They were divided into the OLIF group and TLIF group based on different treatment methods. Cage height, segmental lordosis (SL), lumbar lordosis (LL), pelvic incidence (PI), pelvic tilt (PT), and sacral slope (SS) were compared between the two groups, and the postoperative biomechanical changes were analysed by establishing the disc angle (DA). The clinical outcomes were analysed by comparing the visual analogue scale (VAS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and incidence of adjacent segment disease (ASDis) between the two groups. The intervertebral disc height (IDH), intervertebral foramen height (IDH), intervertebral foramen area (IFA), sliding distance (SD), and angular displacement (AD) in L3-4 and L5-S1 were compared between the two groups. The incidence of aggravated disc degeneration (ADD), the incidence of aggravated zygapophyseal joint degeneration (AJD) and the incidence of adjacent segment degeneration (ASDeg) were compared between the two groups for radiological degeneration.

Results
At the last follow-up, there was one case of ASDis in the OLIF group (2.78%) and two cases in the TLIF group (5.56%). At the last follow-up, compared with the preoperative values, IDH, IFH, and IFA of the adjacent segments above and below L4-5 decreased in both groups (P < 0.05); the SD and AD increased in both groups (P < 0.05). The cage height and L4-5 IDH in the OLIF group were significantly higher than those in the TLIF group (P < 0.05). SL, LL, PT, SS, and L5- S1DA were significantly improved in the OLIF group compared with the TLIF group (P < 0.05). The incidence of L3-4ASDeg in the two groups was higher than that of L5-S1. The incidence of ASDeg and the incidence of L5-S1ADD in the OLIF group were lower than those in the TLIF group, but the incidence of L5-S1AJD was higher than that in the TLIF group.

Conclusion
L4DLS after OLIF and TLIF treatment will cause adjacent segment degeneration, and L3-4 degeneration is more obvious than L5-S1 degeneration. OLIF has more advantages in restoring lumbar sagittal balance. Compared with TLIF, OLIF can weaken the degeneration of the L5-S1 disc and increase the degeneration of the L5-S1 zygapophyseal joints.
Functional outcome of unstable pelvic fractures treated in a level III hospital in a developing country: a 10-year prospective observational study
Authors: Nana Chunteng Theophile , Ngo-Yamben M. A. , Fokam Pius , Mahamat Ali , Bombah F. M. , Boukar M. Ekani , Kenedy Muluem , Chichom-Mefire A. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Unstable pelvic fractures are severe and life-threatening injuries with high morbi-mortality rates. Management of these fractures is a major challenge in orthopaedic practice in limited resource communities. The aim of this study is to evaluate the functional outcome of unstable pelvic fractures managed in a hospital with limited diagnostic and therapeutic facilities.

Methodology
This was a hospital-based prospective observational study carried out from 1st of January 2009 to 31st of December 2018 at the Limbe Regional Hospital, a level III health institution in the South-West region of Cameroon.

Results
A total of 68 patients were included in the study. The ages ranged from 18 to 80 years with a mean age of 39 ± 5 years. The average follow-up duration at the latest visit was 36 months (range 3–84 months). There were 59 cases that were evaluated. The overall average Majeed score was fair. Poor outcomes were noted in patients aged 60 years and above, those with co-morbidities, and those managed conservatively.

Conclusion
Although the functional outcomes following unstable pelvic fractures have improved with modernised diagnostic and therapeutic modalities, it is not the case in poor resource settings where the lack of these modalities makes the management challenging, consequently affecting the functional outcome.
Computer simulation of optimal lipped polyethylene liner orientation against prosthetic impingement
Authors: Hu Yi , Zhou Xianhao , Qiao Hua , Zhu Zhenan , Li Huiwu , Zhang Jingwei 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Lipped or elevated acetabular liners are to improve posterior stability and are widely used in hip arthroplasty. However, concerns of increasing impingement exist when using such liners and optimal orientation of the elevated rim remains unknown. We aimed to identify the impact of lipped liner on the range of motion (ROM) before impingement and propose its optimal orientation.

Methods
An isochoric three-dimensional model of a general hip-replacement prosthesis was generated, and flex-extension, add-abduction and axial rotation were simulated on a computer. The maximum ROM of the hip was measured before the neck impinged on the liner. Different combinations of acetabular anteversion angles ranging from 5 to 30 degrees, and lipped liner orientations from posterior to anterior were tested.

Results
When acetabular anteversion was 10 or 15 degrees, placing the lip of the liner in the posterosuperior of the acetabulum allowed satisfactory ROM in all directions. When acetabular anteversion was 20 degrees, extension and external rotation were restricted. Adjusting the lip to the superior restored satisfactory ROM. When acetabular anteversion was 25 degrees, only placing the lip into the anterosuperior could increase extension and external rotation to maintain satisfactory ROM.

Conclusions
This study showed that optimal lipped liner orientation should depend on acetabular anteversion. When acetabular anteversion was smaller than 20 degrees, placing lip in the posterior allowed an optimally ROM. When acetabular anteversion was greater than 20 degrees, adjusting lip to the anterior allowed a comprehensive larger ROM to avoid early impingement.
Clinical features and treatment outcomes of pediatric Langerhans cell histiocytosis with macrophage activation syndrome-hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis
Authors: Wang Dong , Chen Xi-Hua , Wei Ang , Zhou Chun-Ju , Zhang Xue , Ma Hong-Hao , Lian Hong-Yun , Zhang Li , Zhang Qing , Huang Xiao-Tong , Wang Chan-Juan , Yang Ying , Liu Wei , Wang Tian-You , Li Zhi-Gang , Cui Lei , Zhang Rui 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare myeloid neoplasm. A few LCH patients had Macrophage activation syndrome-hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (MAS-HLH), a life-threatening, hyper-inflammatory syndrome. We retrospectively described the clinical-biological characteristics of a series of 28 pediatric LCH patients with MAS-HLH in a single center. We further analyzed the difference in treatment outcomes between second-line chemotherapy (cytarabine and cladribine) and targeted therapy (dabrafenib) for BRAF-V600E-positive patients.

Results
LCH patients with MAS-HLH were aged < 2 years, harbored high frequencies of risk organ, skin, or lymph nodes involvement, and most of them carried BRAF-V600E mutation in lesions (88.0%) or plasma (90.5%). Patients were firstly treated with the initial induction first-line therapy (vindesine-steroid combination), and most of them (26/28) failed to control the active MAS-HLH after one six-week course of induction treatment. Then they were shifted to second-line chemotherapy or targeted therapy dabrafenib. BRAF-V600E-mutant patients treated with dabrafenib had prompt resolution of MAS-HLH signs and symptoms with less toxicity than second-line chemotherapy. Moreover, the progression-free survival (PFS) rate for patients given dabrafenib was much higher than those treated with chemotherapy (4 year-PFS: 75% vs. 14.6%, P = 0.034).

Conclusions
LCH patients with MAS-HLH harbored specific clinical-biology characteristics compared to the multisystem LCH without MAS-HLH. The BRAF inhibitor dabrafenib provides a promising treatment option for LCH with MAS-HLH.
A new risk-assessment tool for venous thromboembolism in advanced lung cancer: a prospective, observational study
Authors: Tsubata Yukari , Hotta Takamasa , Hamai Kosuke , Furuya Naoki , Yokoyama Toshihide , Saito Ryota , Nakamura Atsushi , Masuda Takeshi , Hamaguchi Megumi , Kuyama Shoichi , Honda Ryoichi , Senoo Tadashi , Nakanishi Masamoto , Yamasaki Masahiro , Ishikawa Nobuhisa , Fujitaka Kazunori , Kubota Tetsuya , Kobayashi Kunihiko , Isobe Takeshi 
Published: April 2022

AbstractManagement of cancer-associated venous thromboembolism (VTE) is essential in treatment selection and cancer prognosis. However, to date, there is no method to assess the risk of VTE specifically associated with advanced lung cancer. Our aim was to create a new risk assessment scoring system that can predict the concomitant or incidence of VTE in advanced lung cancer. We used the dataset of 1008 patients with lung cancer in the Rising-VTE/NEJ037 study, of which 100 (9.9%) developed VTE. The items extracted in the multivariate analysis included female sex, adenocarcinoma, performance status, N factor, lymphocyte count, platelet count, prothrombin fragment 1 + 2, and diastolic blood pressure. This model had a maximum score of 8 points, with ≥ 5 points indicating a high risk of VTE. This simple risk-assessment model for VTE complications with advanced lung cancer could help identify cases that required monitoring for VTE.
Gender and leg‐dominance differences in shoe properties and foot injuries in badminton: a cross‐sectional survey
Authors: Shen Siqin , Lam Wing‐Kai , Teng Jin , Jia Sheng‐Wei , Baker Julien S. , Ugbolue Ukadike C. , Fekete Gusztáv , Gu Yaodong 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundWhile the roles of injury prevention and performance enhancement have increasingly been investigated for badminton footwear, there is a lack of research on gender‐specific badminton footwear. The purpose of this study was to examine the gender differences in footwear demands and foot injuries in badminton.MethodsThe study was a cross‐sectional survey, in which 326 recreational badminton players were recruited. The questionnaire was divided into four sections enquiring about the characteristics of (1) participant profiles, (2) importance of shoe properties (3) shoe complaints (4) and pain or discomfort in different foot regions. The Mann‐Whitney U test and Wilcoxon Signed Ranks test were performed to determine the differences between genders and the differences between leg dominance, respectively. The significance level was set at 0.05.ResultsBoth males and females rated shoe fit as the most important features, followed by the overall comfort and injury protection. Females considered the shoe forefoot cushioning, comfort, breathability and colour as more important compared with the other properties, which showed distinct pattern differences from males. The shoe problem results indicated that plantar pain of the non‐dominant foot was considered the most commonly reported footwear problem by both males and females. The problem of excessive arch‐support on the dominant and non‐dominant sides of male participants was significantly higher than females (p < 0.05). Occasional pain or frequent pain were mainly distributed in the forefoot, followed by the rearfoot and midfoot regions.ConclusionThere were small differences in footwear demand between the dominant and non‐dominant sides, but several differences existed between females and males. The results from gender differences suggested that female shoes prefer a specific shoe last for better fit, rather than a modified version of male shoes. In the future, the design of badminton shoes should consider footwear demands and foot discomfort profiles in respective male and female badminton players.
Continuous renal replacement therapy versus intermittent hemodialysis as first modality for renal replacement therapy in severe acute kidney injury: a secondary analysis of AKIKI and IDEAL-ICU studies
Authors: Gaudry Stéphane , Grolleau François , Barbar Saber , Martin-Lefevre Laurent , Pons Bertrand , Boulet Éric , Boyer Alexandre , Chevrel Guillaume , Montini Florent , Bohe Julien , Badie Julio , Rigaud Jean-Philippe , Vinsonneau Christophe , Porcher Raphaël , Quenot Jean-Pierre , Dreyfuss Didier 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Intermittent hemodialysis (IHD) and continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) are the two main RRT modalities in patients with severe acute kidney injury (AKI). Meta-analyses conducted more than 10 years ago did not show survival difference between these two modalities. As the quality of RRT delivery has improved since then, we aimed to reassess whether the choice of IHD or CRRT as first modality affects survival of patients with severe AKI.

Methods
This is a secondary analysis of two multicenter randomized controlled trials (AKIKI and IDEAL-ICU) that compared an early RRT initiation strategy with a delayed one. We included patients allocated to the early strategy in order to emulate a trial where patients would have been randomized to receive either IHD or CRRT within twelve hours after the documentation of severe AKI. We determined each patient’s modality group as the first RRT modality they received. The primary outcome was 60-day overall survival. We used two propensity score methods to balance the differences in baseline characteristics between groups and the primary analysis relied on inverse probability of treatment weighting.

Results
A total of 543 patients were included. Continuous RRT was the first modality in 269 patients and IHD in 274. Patients receiving CRRT had higher cardiovascular and total-SOFA scores. Inverse probability weighting allowed to adequately balance groups on all predefined confounders. The weighted Kaplan–Meier death rate at day 60 was 54·4% in the CRRT group and 46·5% in the IHD group (weighted HR 1·26, 95% CI 1·01–1·60). In a complementary analysis of less severely ill patients (SOFA score: 3–10), receiving IHD was associated with better day 60 survival compared to CRRT (weighted HR 1.82, 95% CI 1·01–3·28; p < 0.01). We found no evidence of a survival difference between the two RRT modalities in more severe patients.

Conclusion
Compared to IHD, CRRT as first modality seemed to convey no benefit in terms of survival or of kidney recovery and might even have been associated with less favorable outcome in patients with lesser severity of disease. A prospective randomized non-inferiority trial should be implemented to solve the persistent conundrum of the optimal RRT technique.
Predictors of response to intra-arterial vasodilatory therapy of non-occlusive mesenteric ischemia in patients with severe shock: results from a prospective observational study
Authors: Rittgerodt Nina , Pape Thorben , Busch Markus , Becker Lena S. , Schneider Andrea , Wedemeyer Heiner , Seeliger Benjamin , Schmidt Julius , Hunkemöller Anna Maria , Fuge Jan , Knitsch Wolfgang , Fegbeutel Christine , Gillmann Hans-Jörg , Meyer Bernhard C. , Hoeper Marius M. , Hinrichs Jan B. , David Sascha , Stahl Klaus 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Non-occlusive mesenteric ischemia (NOMI) is a life-threatening condition occurring in patients with shock and is characterized by vasoconstriction of the mesenteric arteries leading to intestinal ischemia and multi-organ failure. Although minimal invasive local intra-arterial infusion of vasodilators into the mesenteric circulation has been suggested as a therapeutic option in NOMI, current knowledge is based on retrospective case series and it remains unclear which patients might benefit. Here, we prospectively analyzed predictors of response to intra-arterial therapy in patients with NOMI.

Methods
This is a prospective single-center observational study to analyze improvement of ischemia (indicated by reduction of blood lactate > 2 mmol/l from baseline after 24 h, primary endpoint) and 28-day mortality (key secondary endpoint) in patients with NOMI undergoing intra-arterial vasodilatory therapy. Predictors of response to therapy concerning primary and key secondary endpoint were identified using a) clinical parameters as well as b) data from 2D-perfusion angiography and c) experimental biomarkers of intestinal injury.

Results
A total of 42 patients were included into this study. At inclusion patients had severe shock, indicated by high doses of norepinephrine (NE) (median (interquartile range (IQR)) 0.37 (0.21–0.60) μg/kg/min), elevated lactate concentrations (9.2 (5.2–13) mmol/l) and multi-organ failure. Patients showed a continuous reduction of lactate following intra-arterial prostaglandin infusion (baseline: (9.2 (5.2–13) mmol/l vs. 24 h: 4.4 (2.5–9.1) mmol/l, p < 0.001) with 22 patients (52.4%) reaching a lactate reduction > 2 mmol/l at 24 h following intervention. Initial higher lactate concentrations and lower NE doses at baseline were independent predictors of an improvement of ischemia. 28-day mortality was 59% in patients with a reduction of lactate > 2 mmol/l 24 h after inclusion, while it was 85% in all other patients (hazard ratio 0.409; 95% CI, 0.14–0.631, p = 0.005).

Conclusions
A reduction of lactate concentrations was observed following implementation of intra-arterial therapy, and lactate reduction was associated with better survival. Our findings concerning outcome predictors in NOMI patients undergoing intra-arterial prostaglandin therapy might help designing a randomized controlled trial to further investigate this therapeutic approach.
Trial registration Retrospectively registered on January 22, 2020, at clinicaltrials.gov (REPERFUSE, NCT04235634), https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04235634?cond=NOMI&draw=2&rank=1.
The contribution of evolutionarily volatile promoters to molecular phenotypes and human trait variation
Authors: Young Robert S. , Talmane Lana , Marion de Procé Sophie , Taylor Martin S. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Promoters are sites of transcription initiation that harbour a high concentration of phenotype-associated genetic variation. The evolutionary gain and loss of promoters between species (collectively, termed turnover) is pervasive across mammalian genomes and may play a prominent role in driving human phenotypic diversity.

Results
We classified human promoters by their evolutionary history during the divergence of mouse and human lineages from a common ancestor. This defined conserved, human-inserted and mouse-deleted promoters, and a class of functional-turnover promoters that align between species but are only active in humans. We show that promoters of all evolutionary categories are hotspots for substitution and often, insertion mutations. Loci with a history of insertion and deletion continue that mode of evolution within contemporary humans. The presence of an evolutionary volatile promoter within a gene is associated with increased expression variance between individuals, but only in the case of human-inserted and mouse-deleted promoters does that correspond to an enrichment of promoter-proximal genetic effects. Despite the enrichment of these molecular quantitative trait loci (QTL) at evolutionarily volatile promoters, this does not translate into a corresponding enrichment of phenotypic traits mapping to these loci.

Conclusions
Promoter turnover is pervasive in the human genome, and these promoters are rich in molecularly quantifiable but phenotypically inconsequential variation in gene expression. However, since evolutionarily volatile promoters show evidence of selection, coupled with high mutation rates and enrichment of QTLs, this implicates them as a source of evolutionary innovation and phenotypic variation, albeit with a high background of selectively neutral expression variation.