bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of efficacy and safety of intravenous iron sucrose and intramuscular iron sorbitol therapy in patients with anemia during pregnancy in a developing country
Authors: Harsha Shailesh Gaikwad  , Anu Sindhu  , Nivedita Sarda  
Published: January 2025

Background: Iron deficiency anemia due to poor nutritionis estimated to affect nearly two thirds ofall pregnant women in developing countriesparticularly in India. The responsible constellation of factors producing iron deficiency anemia generally precede the pregnancy, which includedeficient diet in iron content coupled with menstrual losses,generally a rapid succession of pregnancies and inadequate supplemental iron are a few to be blamed for a high incidence of anemia in such population.
Aims and Objectives: To compare the efficacy and safety of iron sucrose versus iron sorbitol therapy in pregnant anemic patients.
Material and Methods: Two-hundred antenatal women attending the out patient department having hemoglobin levels of 8 gm% or less were recruited in the study and were randomized into two groups for receiving intravenous and intramuscular iron therapy.
Results and Conclusions: There was a significant improvement in the haematologicalparameters and no major side effects developed in the intravenous iron sucrose group.Though there was a significant improvement in the haematological parameters after intramuscular iron sorbitol therapy also butnone of the cases reached the target level of haemoglobinduring the observation period.
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.8(5) 2017 31-35
Gestão orçamentária diante de um cenário de incertezas: o caso do instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de Sergipe
Authors: França Mariana Carla Lima , Caldas Antonio Vinícius Silva , Gonçalves Bruno Setton 
Published: January 2025

Este estudo teve como objetivo diagnosticar como o Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de Sergipe (IFS) se adapta e responde às incertezas no ambiente orçamentário, em relação à alocação e à gestão de recursos públicos. A presente pesquisa possui a natureza descritiva, abordagem qualitativa e caracteriza-se como um estudo de caso. Para a coleta de dados, fez-se o uso da análise documental e da realização de entrevistas com os gestores do IFS. Percebeu-se que as estratégias utilizadas para a alocação dos recursos destinaram-se ao racionamento e suspensão de despesas, seleção e análise de prioridades, além da captação de recursos extraorçamentários, de remanejamentos e da busca por parcerias e por doações. Além disso, foi constatado que as estratégias de captação foram as únicas que influenciaram o desempenho organizacional dos Campi. Sobre as incertezas, pode-se dizer que elas são consideradas dentro do planejamento orçamentário no instituto, mesmo diante das dificuldades de prever os acontecimentos futuros.
Evaluation of Botanicals against Powdery Mildew (Oidium mangiferae Berthet) of Mango (Mangifera indica L.)
Authors: R. C. Patel , Mahatma Lalit 
Published: January 2025

Mango (Mangifera indica L.) belongs to the family Anacardiaceae and is a native of the Indo-Burma (now Myanmar) region. The fungal diseases occur in higher proportions leading to huge economic losses for the growers. Out of various fungal diseases, powdery mildew (O. mangiferae) is the most destructive malady encountering almost all the commercial cultivars. In the present study total eight botanicals were tested against powdery mildew under field. Minimum powdery mildew severity (10.83 %) and maximum disease reduction (76.67 %) over control were recorded in treatment with Neem leaf extract at 10 per cent concentration. The next best treatment was Garlic clove extract at 10 per cent concentration which was found on par with Onion bulb extract, Zinger clove extract and Turmeric rhizome extract in per cent disease severity and per cent disease reduction respectively.
Interaction of Wealth, Residence and Region on Multiple Anthropometric Failure among Under-Five Children in Nigeria
Authors: Akintimehin Opeyemi Olamide , Eyinla Toluwalope Emmanuel , Ibidapo Ebunoluwa Grace , Abdulrahaman Maryam Oluwatosin , Oladipo David Akinola , Akinyemi Joshua Odunayo , Fayehun Olufunke Adekemi , Samuel Folake Olukemi 
Published: January 2025

Aim: This study examined the prevalence of multiple anthropometric failures among Nigerian children under five years of age using the Composite Index of Anthropometric Failure (CIAF) and examined the interactions between wealth, residence and regional strata.
Study Design: A retrospective cross-sectional study.
Methodology: This study used dataset from the kids recode file of 2018 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) with a weighted sample of 11323 under-five children. Data from the 2018 NDHS were analysed to compute CIAF indices and assess the prevalence of anthropometric failures across 12 intersecting subgroups, defined by three domains of inequality: wealth (rich/middle/poor), place of residence (urban/rural), and region (north/south). Cross tabulation and logistic regression were carried out to assess the odds of the CIAF among interacting groups. A choropleth map was created using ARCGIS software to describe the regional clustering of CIAF in Nigeria. All analyses were carried out using IBM Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) (version 20) and statistical significance set at 0.05.
Results: Overall, 40.8% of children showed composite anthropometric failure, with 20.7% experiencing at least one failure and 3.1% suffering from all three forms of undernutrition concurrently. Cross-matching these domains revealed the highest CIAF prevalence (60.3%) among children from rural-poor households in northern Nigeria, while the lowest prevalence (31.3%) was recorded among urban-rich households. The findings indicate significantly lower odds of CIAF among children from wealthier households in southern Nigeria, highlighting the importance of socio-economic and regional disparities.
Conclusion: This study underscores the need for targeted nutritional interventions for the most vulnerable subgroups, emphasizing the limitations of single-dimensional inequality analyses in policy formulation and program implementation. Instead, it advocates for detailed intra-district and state-level analyses of socio-economic disparities, particularly among marginalized groups, to design equitable and context-specific strategies to address child nutritional disparities effectively.
Histopathological Study of Subacute Administration of Saccharum officinarum Leaf Extract on Some Organs of Rat
Authors: Okokon Jude E. , Udobang John A. , Osigwe Chinyelu C. , Florence Uwaeme Ugonma , Ise Uduak P. , Edem Utibe A. 
Published: January 2025

The leaves of Saccharum officinarum (Family-Poaceae) is employed traditionally for ethnotherapy of malaria and fever among others. Evaluation of subacute administration Saccharum officinarum leaf extract for possible effect on organs of rats was carried out. The leaf extract (170, 340, 510 mg/kg body weight) was administered orally Wistar rats of both sexes daily for 30 days and the rats were sacrificed after being subjected to light diethyl ether anesthesia at the completion of the administration. Subacute administration of S. officinarum leaf extract resulted in insignificant improvement in the treated rats body weights, but there weights of brain, heart, spleen, testis and ovary were not affected significantly (p>0.05) when compared to control. The leaf extract exerted toxic effects which were mild at low dose (170 mg/kg) and moderate at higher doses (340 and 510 mg/kg) on the histologies of brain, heart, spleen and ovary of rats, but had no pathological sign was seen on the testis. The effects were found to increase with increasing dose. These could have resulted from the selective toxicity potential of the phytochemical constituents of the leaf extract resulting in localised toxicity of organs. Chronic study is advocated to investigate the consequences of prolonged treatment of rats with the leaf extract on organs and systems of rats.
Inverse Design of Inflatable Soft Membranes Through Machine Learning
Authors: Forte Antonio Elia , Hanakata Paul Z. , Jin Lishuai , Zari Emilia , Zareei Ahmad , Fernandes Matheus C. , Sumner Laura , Alvarez Jonathan , Bertoldi Katia 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAcross fields of science, researchers have increasingly focused on designing soft devices that can shape‐morph to achieve functionality. However, identifying a rest shape that leads to a target 3D shape upon actuation is a non‐trivial task that involves inverse design capabilities. In this study, a simple and efficient platform is presented to design pre‐programmed 3D shapes starting from 2D planar composite membranes. By training neural networks with a small set of finite element simulations, the authors are able to obtain both the optimal design for a pixelated 2D elastomeric membrane and the inflation pressure required for it to morph into a target shape. The proposed method has potential to be employed at multiple scales and for different applications. As an example, it is shown how these inversely designed membranes can be used for mechanotherapy applications, by stimulating certain areas while avoiding prescribed locations.
Toward Gene Transfer Nanoparticles as Therapeutics
Authors: Kavanagh Erin W. , Green Jordan J. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractGenetic medicine has great potential to treat the underlying causes of many human diseases with exquisite precision, but the field has historically been stymied by delivery as the central challenge. Nanoparticles, engineered constructs the size of natural viruses, are being designed to more closely mimic the delivery efficiency of viruses, while enabling the advantages of increased safety, cargo‐carrying flexibility, specific targeting, and ease in manufacturing. The speed in which nonviral gene transfer nanoparticles are making progress in the clinic is accelerating, with clinical validation of multiple nonviral nucleic acid delivery nanoparticle formulations recently FDA approved for both expression and for silencing of genes. While much of this progress has been with lipid nanoparticle formulations, significant development is being made with other nanomaterials for gene transfer as well, with favorable attributes such as biodegradability, scalability, and cell targeting. This review highlights the state of the field, current challenges in delivery, and opportunities for engineered nanomaterials to meet these challenges, including enabling long‐term therapeutic gene editing. Delivery technology utilizing different kinds of nanomaterials and varying cargos for gene transfer (DNA, mRNA, and ribonucleoproteins) are discussed. Clinical applications are presented, including for the treatment of genetic diseases such as cystic fibrosis.
Recent Advances in Intelligent Wearable Medical Devices Integrating Biosensing and Drug Delivery
Authors: Tan Minhong , Xu Yang , Gao Ziqi , Yuan Tiejun , Liu Qingjun , Yang Rusen , Zhang Bin , Peng Lihua 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe primary roles of precision medicine are to perform real‐time examination, administer on‐demand medication, and apply instruments continuously. However, most current therapeutic systems implement these processes separately, leading to treatment interruption and limited recovery in patients. Personalized healthcare and smart medical treatment have greatly promoted research on and development of biosensing and drug‐delivery integrated systems, with intelligent wearable medical devices (IWMDs) as typical systems, which have received increasing attention because of their non‐invasive and customizable nature. Here, the latest progress in research on IWMDs is reviewed, including their mechanisms of integrating biosensing and on‐demand drug delivery. The current challenges and future development directions of IWMDs are also discussed.
3D Printing of A Thermally Programmable Conformal Metasurface
Authors: Yin Haoyu , Liang Qingxuan , Duan Yubing , Fan Jun , Li Zhaohui 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe curved surfaces conformality has become the coming barrier to the implementation of the metasurface carpet cloaks. A curved conformal strategy that can balance the electromagnetic performances and the manufacturing challenges of metasurface simultaneously is highly in demand, but yet underexplored. Herein, a novel thermal programming 3D‐printing method for curved conformal metasurface is proposed. Owing to the glass‐rubber transition characteristics of thermoplastic polymers, the advantages of rigid substrate and flexible substrate are fully utilized to achieve the conformality of metasurface, which ingeniously reduces the manufacturing complexity and ensures the electromagnetic performances. As a proof, an arched metasurface carpet cloak composed of the easy‐bending unit cells is designed and fabricated by the composite fused deposition molding of polylactic acid and Sn‐Bi materials with the thermal programming process. Experiments prove that the maximum reduced total radar cross section of the conformal cloak reaches about −9.4 dB while the 3 dB reduction bandwidth is ≈26.6%. The excellent cloaking performance of the metasurface sample demonstrates the effectiveness of this curved conformal method. This work provides a viable implementation strategy for complex curved metasurface and will substantially promote the applications of the conformal invisibility cloaks.
Quantum Hybrid Plasmonic Nanocircuits for Versatile Polarized Photon Generation
Authors: Wu Cuo , Kumar Shailesh , Komisar Danylo , Meng Chao , Deng Yadong , Wang Zhiming , Bozhevolnyi Sergey I. , Ding Fei 
Published: January 2022

AbstractHybrid plasmonic nanocircuits developed insofar enable efficient coupling and routing of single photons generated by embedded quantum emitters (QEs), providing at the same time little or no control over the polarization of out‐coupled single photons. Here, with numerical simulations a QE‐driven hybrid plasmonic nanocircuit for versatile polarized photon generation by using ultracompact polarization out‐couplers in multi‐branched dielectric‐loaded plasmonic waveguides is proposed and demonstrated. Upon excitation of a QE, which is embedded at the center of a star‐shaped six‐branched hybrid plasmonic waveguide and characterized with a normal to the surface radiative transition dipole, plasmonic waveguide modes are efficiently (≈85%) excited and routed by the six‐branched waveguide toward propitiously designed out‐couplers. By exploiting two types of subwavelength polarization out‐couplers producing linearly and circularly polarized free‐space radiation, spatially separated single‐photon generation channels characterized by four different linear and two circular polarizations are created. The demonstrated hybrid plasmonic nanocircuit addresses specifically the scenario where different quantum chips communicate via polarization‐compatible channels, thereby opening new design possibilities for energy‐efficient and ultracompact quantum photonic nanocircuits in nanophotonic quantum technologies.
Targeting Macrophages and Synoviocytes Intracellular Milieu to Augment Anti‐Inflammatory Drug Potency
Authors: Gouveia Virgínia M. , Rizzello Loris , Vidal Bruno , Nunes Claudia , Poma Alessandro , Lopez‐Vasquez Ciro , Scarpa Edoardo , Brandner Sebastian , Oliveira António , Fonseca João E. , Reis Salette , Battaglia Giuseppe 
Published: January 2022

AbstractUsing a preclinical in vivo model of arthritis and the gold standard disease‐modifying anti‐rheumatic drug, methotrexate, pH‐responsive phosphorylcholine polymersomes, elicit both anti‐inflammatory and anti‐arthritic therapeutic efficacy, while drastically minimizing off‐target toxicity. First, the selective accumulation of polymersomes within synovium of inflamed joints. Second, the polymersomes targeting ability toward activated macrophages and synoviocytes, via scavenger receptors, allow their uptake via endocytosis. And third, the polymersomes pH‐responsiveness enables the drug escape from early endosomes and hence its intracellular milieu delivery. On‐site augment of methotrexate loaded polymersomes enable the complete abrogation of synovial inflammation and prevent the disease progression and severity. Overall, in vitro and in vivo investigations reveal the potential of polymersomes as a promising nanotherapy for treating arthritic inflammation.
A chemistry‐inspired neural network kinetic model for oxidative coupling of methane from high‐throughput data
Authors: Chen Kexin , Tian Huijie , Li Bowen , Rangarajan Srinivas 
Published: January 2022

AbstractA neural network kinetic model is developed for oxidative coupling of methane (OCM). The model is designed in cognizance of the underlying chemistry and associated reactor balance equations and trained on publicly available high throughput experimental data spanning a large material space of supported mixed metal oxide catalysts. The resultant model is then used to evaluate one of the most popular catalysts for OCM, viz. MnNa2WO4/SiO2, to understand the reaction kinetics and sensitivity of the catalyst to changing different components of the catalyst. The predicted activation barrier for methane conversion is 251 kJ mol−1, and the rate . Furthermore, the reference catalyst is local optimal as small changes to its composition, for example, by changing the individual metals or the support, did not improve (or often substantially reduced) methane consumption or the C2 formation rate.
Adversarially robust Bayesian optimization for efficient auto‐tuning of generic control structures under uncertainty
Authors: Paulson Joel A. , Makrygiorgos Georgios , Mesbah Ali 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe performance of optimization‐ and learning‐based controllers critically depends on the selection of several tuning parameters that can affect the closed‐loop control performance and constraint satisfaction in highly nonlinear and nonconvex ways. Due to the black‐box nature of the relationship between tuning parameters and general closed‐loop performance measures, there has been a significant interest in automatic calibration (i.e., auto‐tuning) of complex control structures using derivative‐free optimization methods, including Bayesian optimization (BO) that can handle expensive unknown cost functions. Nevertheless, an open challenge when applying BO to auto‐tuning is how to effectively deal with uncertainties in the closed‐loop system that cannot be attributed to a lumped, small‐scale noise term. This article addresses this challenge by developing an adversarially robust BO (ARBO) method that is particularly suited to auto‐tuning problems with significant time‐invariant uncertainties in an expensive system model used for closed‐loop simulations. ARBO relies on a Gaussian process model that jointly describes the effect of the tuning parameters and uncertainties on the closed‐loop performance. From this joint Gaussian process model, ARBO uses an alternating confidence‐bound procedure to simultaneously select the next candidate tuning and uncertainty realizations, implying only one expensive closed‐loop simulation is needed at each iteration. The advantages of ARBO are demonstrated on two case studies, including an illustrative problem and auto‐tuning of a nonlinear model predictive controller using a benchmark bioreactor problem.
Robust and Scalable Synthesis of Soai Aldehydes via Improved Barbier‐type Halogen−lithium Exchange
Authors: Kenny Ryan T. , Liu Fei 
Published: January 2022

AbstractA robust synthesis of Soai‐type pyrimidine aldehydes proceeds in good to high yields by controlled formation and quenching of a lithiated pyrimidine intermediate. The alkyne‐substituted bromopyrimidine, furnished by Sonogashira cross‐coupling, underwent a Barbier‐type halogen‐lithium exchange to form a transient pyrimidinyl lithium species. The rate of n‐BuLi addition was optimized to better synchronize with the addition to ethyl formate, in order to achieve consistently high yields of 2‐alkylpyrimdinecarboxaldehydes for use in autocatalysis or as functionalized synthons.
Screening of spinning oils for melt‐spun lignin‐based carbon fiber precursors
Authors: Enengl Christina , Lone Shaukat Ali , Unterweger Christoph , Fürst Christian 
Published: January 2022

AbstractFor the improvement of the processing of melt‐spun lignin‐based fibers, the use of a spinning oil is necessary. The use of spinning oils is standard for the processing of PAN based carbon fiber precursors. Since no commercial spinning preparations for lignin fibers are available on the market, a study on different oils, such as technical oils, food‐grade oils or spinning avivages, is performed. A stepwise approach with applied tests (viscosity measurement, fiber etching, melt‐spinning, stabilization, carbonization) was developed to eliminate oils which are not suitable. The physical properties of the tested oils are determined and spectroscopic studies of these avivages are performed. Mechanical properties are characterized for as‐spun lignin fibers, stabilized lignin‐based fibers and lignin‐based carbon fibers with and without a spinning preparation. Four of seven tested spinning oils improve the handling during the processing of lignin‐based fibers but only two spinning oils lead to good quality carbon fibers and improve even the tensile strength of the resulting carbon fibers.
Soft‐sensors application for automated feeding control in high‐throughput mammalian cell cultures
Authors: Martínez‐Monge Iván , Martínez Carlos , Decker Marianne , Udugama Isuru A. , Marín de Mas Igor , Gernaey Krist V. , Nielsen Lars K. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe ever‐increasing demand for biopharmaceuticals has created the need for improving the overall productivity of culture processes. One such operational concept that is considered is fed‐batch operations as opposed to batch operations. However, optimal fed‐batch operations require complete knowledge of the cell culture to optimize the culture conditions and the nutrients feeding. For example, when using high‐throughput small‐scale bioreactors to test multiple clones that do not behave the same, depletion or overfeeding of some key components can occur if the feeding strategy is not individually optimized. Over the recent years, various solutions for real‐time measuring of the main cell culture metabolites have been proposed. Still, the complexity in the implementation of these techniques has limited their use. Soft‐sensors present an opportunity to overcome these limitations by indirectly estimating these variables in real‐time. This manuscript details the development of a new soft‐sensor‐based fed‐batch strategy to maintain substrate concentration (glucose and glutamine) at optimal levels in small‐scale multiparallel Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells cultures. Two alternatives to the standard feeding strategy were tested: an OUR soft‐sensor‐based strategy for glucose and glutamine (Strategy 1) and a dual OUR for glutamine and CO2/alkali addition for glucose soft‐sensor strategy (Strategy 2). The results demonstrated the applicability of the OUR soft‐sensor‐based strategy to optimize glucose and glutamine feedings, which yielded a 21% increase in final viable cell density (VCD) and a 31% in erythropoietin titer compared with the reference one. However, CO2/alkali addition soft‐sensor suffered from insufficient data to relate alkali addition with glucose consumption. As a result, the culture was overfed with glucose resulting in a 4% increase on final VCD, but a 9% decrease in final titer compared with the Reference Strategy.
A naphthol‐based fluorescence turn‐on sensor for detecting Ga(III) and its application to test strips
Authors: Jung Sumin , Lee Jae Jun , Kim Cheal 
Published: January 2022

AbstractA new naphthol‐based chemosensor NPN ((E)‐2‐(((2‐hydroxynaphthalen‐1‐ylmethylene)amino)isoindoline‐1,3‐dione) was synthesized. NPN could sense Ga3+ by a fluorescence “turn‐on” method from colorless to blue. Detection limit for Ga3+ by NPN was determined to be 0.26 μM. The sensing mode of NPN and Ga3+ turned out to be a 1:1. NPN could also be successfully applied to visible fluorescent test strips. The sensing process of Ga3+ by NPN was illustrated through 1H NMR titration, Job plot, ESI‐MS, and DFT calculations.