bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determination of Extravasation Effects of Nal-Iri and Trabectedin and Evaluation of Treatment Options for Trabectedin Extravasation in a Preclinical Animal Model
Authors: Keritam Omar , Juhasz Viktoria , Schöfer Christian , Thallinger Christiane , Aretin Marie-Bernadette , Schabbauer Gernot , Breuss Johannes , Unseld Matthias , Uhrin Pavel 
Published: June 2022

Background: Extravasation during chemotherapy administration can lead to dangerous adverse effects ranging from pain to tissue necrosis. Evidence-based data about prevention and treatment of extravasation injuries of some clinically used compounds still remains elusive. This work aimed to investigate, in a preclinical mouse model, the effects of extravasation of two chemotherapeutic agents, nanoliposomal irinotecan (nal-Iri) and trabectedin. In addition, we aimed to study treatment options for injuries induced by extravasation of these substances.Methods: Mice were subcutaneously injected with nal-Iri or trabectedin applied in clinically used concentration. Doxorubicin was used as a positive control. In subsequently performed experiments, hyaluronidase, DMSO and tacrolimus were tested as potential treatments against extravasation-induced injuries by trabectedin. Systemic effects were analyzed by observation and documentation of the health status of mice and local reactions were measured and graded. In addition, hematoxylin-eosin stained histological sections of the treated skin areas were analyzed.Results: Of the two tested substances, only trabectedin showed vesicant effects. Subcutaneous injection of trabectedin caused erythema formation in mice by day two that was progressing to skin ulcerations by day five. Furthermore, we found that topical treatment of mice with tacrolimus or DMSO reduced the vesicant effects of trabectedin. The results observed in vivo were supported microscopically by the analysis of histological sections.Conclusions: We recommend classifying trabectedin as a vesicant agent and nal-Iri as a non-vesicant agent. Furthermore, our results obtained in a preclinical model suggest that tacrolimus and DMSO might be suitable treatment options of trabectedin extravasations, a finding that might be further utilized in clinical studies.
A Novel Exosome-Relevant Molecular Classification Uncovers Distinct Immune Escape Mechanisms and Genomic Alterations in Gastric Cancer
Authors: Lin Yubiao , Huang Kaida , Cai Zhezhen , Chen Yide , Feng Lihua , Gao Yingqin , Zheng Wenhui , Fan Xin , Qiu Guoqin , Zhuang Jianmin , Feng Shuitu 
Published: June 2022

Objective: Gastric cancer (GC) is a highly heterogeneous malignant carcinoma. This study aimed to conduct an exosome-based classification for assisting personalized therapy for GC.Methods: Based on the expression profiling of prognostic exosome-related genes, GC patients in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohort were classified using the unsupervised consensus clustering approach, and the reproducibility of this classification was confirmed in the GSE84437 cohort. An exosome-based gene signature was developed via Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression analysis. Immunological features, responses to immune checkpoint inhibitors, and genetic alterations were evaluated via computational methods.Results: Two exosome-relevant phenotypes (A and B) were clustered, and this classification was independent of immune subtypes and TCGA subtypes. Exosome-relevant phenotype B had a poorer prognosis and an inflamed tumor microenvironment (TME) relative to phenotype A. Patients with phenotype B presented higher responses to the anti-CTLA4 inhibitor. Moreover, phenotype B occurred at a higher frequency of genetic mutation than phenotype A. The exosome-based gene signature (GPX3, RGS2, MATN3, SLC7A2, and SNCG) could independently and accurately predict GC prognosis, which was linked to stromal activation and immunosuppression.Conclusion: Our findings offer a conceptual frame to further comprehend the roles of exosomes in immune escape mechanisms and genomic alterations of GC. More work is required to evaluate the reference value of exosome-relevant phenotypes for designing immunotherapeutic regimens.
Can the 20 and 60 s All-Out Test Predict the 2000 m Indoor Rowing Performance in Athletes?
Authors: Cerasola Dario , Zangla Daniele , Grima Joseph N. , Bellafiore Marianna , Cataldo Angelo , Traina Marcello , Capranica Laura , Maksimovic Nemanja , Drid Patrik , Bianco Antonino 
Published: June 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to look for a new, simple, and fast method of assessing and monitoring indoor race performance and to assess the relationship between 20 s, 60 s, and 2000 m indoor rowing performances of youth rowers to evaluate their anaerobic profile.Methods: For three consecutive days, 17 young able-bodied male rowers (15.8 ± 2.0 years), performed three tests (20 s, 60 s, and 2000 m) on a rowing ergometer. Mean power (W20, W60, and W2000) and 2000 m time (t2000) were considered for the analysis. In addition, 14 athletes (15–18 years) performed a 20 s, 60 s, and 2000 m tests and used this as a control group. To define the anaerobic profile of the athletes, W20 and W60 were normalized as percentages of W2000. Associations between variables were determined by means of the Pearson correlation coefficient (r).Results: Mean power decreased with increasing test duration (W20 = 525.1 ± 113.7 W; W60 = 476.1 ± 91.0 W; W2000=312.9 ± 56.0 W) and negative correlations emerged between t2000 (418.5 ± 23.1 s) and W20 (r = −0.952, p &lt; 0.0001) and W60 (r = −0.930, p &lt; 0.0001).Conclusion: These findings indicate that W20 and W60 are significant predictors of 2000 m rowing ergometer performances. Furthermore, normalized W20 and W60 can be used to evaluate athletes and as a reference for planning anaerobic training sessions, on a rowing ergometer.
SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid Protein is Associated With Lower Testosterone Levels: An Experimental Study
Authors: Lucio Carrasco Caio Henrique , Noda Paloma , Barbosa Ana Paula , Vieira Borges da Silva Everidiene Kinverlly , Gasque Bomfim Camila , Ventura Fernandes Bianca Helena , Teixeira Thiago Afonso , Nunes Duarte Neto Amaro , Nascimento Saldiva Paulo Hilario , Achoa Filho Kamal , Rodrigues Guzzo Cristiane , Durigon Edison Luiz , Affonso Fonseca Fernando Luiz , Corazzini Roseli , Fanelli Camilla , Noronha Irene Lourdes , Hallak Jorge 
Published: June 2022

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic represents an extra burden in the majority of public and private health systems worldwide beyond the most pessimistic expectations, driving an urgent rush to develop effective vaccines and effective medical treatments against the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. The Nucleocapsid structural viral protein is remarkably immunogenic and hugely expressed during infection. High IgG antibodies against Nucleocapsid protein (N protein) levels were detected in the serum of COVID-19 patients, confirming its pivotal antigen role for a T lymphocyte response in a vaccine microenvironment. Currently, adverse events associated with immunizations have raised some degree of concern, irrespective of its huge benefits in dealing with disease severity and decreasing mortality and morbidity. This hitherto study evaluates histological changes in rats’ testes, epididymis, prostate, and seminal vesicles and analyzes hormone levels after solely N protein inoculation. Therefore, we exposed a group of Lewis rats to weekly injections of the recombinant N protein for 28 days, while a control group was inoculated with a buffer solution. The N group revealed a more significant number of spermatozoa. Spermatozoa in the seminiferous tubules were counted in twenty 400 × microscopy fields (mean of 9.2 vs. 4.6 in the control group; p &lt; 0,01), but significantly lower testosterone levels (mean of 125.70 ng/dl vs. 309,00 ng/dl in the control group; p &lt; 0,05) were found. No other histological and biochemical changes were displayed. Conclusively, these data suggest testicular hormonal imbalance mediated by the SARS-CoV-2 N protein that could be linked to reported post-COVID-19 syndrome hypogonadism. More relevant research might be performed to confirm this viral antigen’s deleterious mechanism in the human testicular microenvironment, particular in Leydig cell function.
Pupal Diapause Termination and Transcriptional Response of Antheraea pernyi (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) Triggered by 20-Hydroxyecdysone
Authors: Du Jie , Zhao Ping , Wang Jiazhen , Ma Sanyuan , Yao Lunguang , Zhu Xuwei , Yang Xinfeng , Zhang Xian , Sun Zhenbo , Liang Shimei , Xing Dongxu , Duan Jianping 
Published: June 2022

The pupal diapause of univoltine Antheraea pernyi hampers sericultural and biotechnological applications, which requires a high eclosion incidence after artificial diapause termination to ensure production of enough eggs. The effect of pupal diapause termination using 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) on the eclosion incidence has not been well-documented in A. pernyi. Here, the dosage of injected 20E was optimized to efficiently terminate pupal diapause of A. pernyi, showing that inappropriate dosage of 20E can cause pupal lethality and a low eclosion incidence. The optimal ratio of 20E to 1-month-old pupae was determined as 6 μg/g. Morphological changes showed visible tissue dissociation at 3 days post-injection (dpi) and eye pigmentation at 5 dpi. Comprehensive transcriptome analysis identified 1,355/1,592, 494/203, 584/297, and 1,238/1,404 upregulated and downregulated genes at 1, 3, 6, and 9 dpi, respectively. The 117 genes enriched in the information processing pathways of “signal transduction” and “signaling molecules and interaction” were upregulated at 1 and 3 dpi, including the genes involved in FOXO signaling pathway. One chitinase, three trehalase, and five cathepsin genes related to energy metabolism and tissue dissociation showed high expression levels at the early stage, which were different from the upregulated expression of four other chitinase genes at the later stage. Simultaneously, the expression of several genes involved in molting hormone biosynthesis was also activated between 1 and 3 dpi. qRT-PCR further verified the expression patterns of two ecdysone receptor genes (EcRB1 and USP) and four downstream response genes (E93, Br-C, βFTZ-F1, and cathepsin L) at the pupal and pharate stages, respectively. Taken together, these genes serve as a resource for unraveling the mechanism underlying pupal-adult transition; these findings facilitate rearing of larvae more than once a year and biotechnological development through efficient termination of pupal diapause in A. pernyi in approximately half a month.
Comparing Childhood Characteristics of Adopted and Non-adopted Individuals Deceased by Suicide
Authors: Ligier Fabienne , Body Lawson Festus , Lamourette Marilou , Giguère Charles-Edouard , Lesage Alain , Séguin Monique 
Published: June 2022

ObjectiveAcross the globe more than 35,000 children a year are adopted by non-relatives, and some studies suggest that adopted individuals may be more vulnerable to developing mental disorders. To map the differences in suicide risk factors in adopted and non-adopted individuals, this study will compare the development of mental disorders as well as life events occurring before the age of 18 for both adopted and non-adopted individuals deceased by suicide.MethodsThis study included 13 adopted and 26 non-adopted individuals deceased by suicide as well as 26 non-adopted living control individuals. Cases were taken from a data bank created over the last decade by researchers of [our institution] comprising a mixture of 700 suicide cases and living control individuals aged from 14 to 84. Adopted and non-adopted individuals deceased by suicide; adopted individuals deceased by suicide and non-adopted living control individuals were each compared on Axis I and II disorders, early life events, and burdens of adversity.ResultsResults show significant differences, with a higher rate of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, mental health comorbidity and Cluster C personality disorders among adopted individuals. Furthermore, adopted individuals have higher adversity scores prior to the age of 15.ConclusionThis study underlines the fact that adoptive families need to be supported throughout adoption. Health care professionals need specialized training on this matter, and the psychological challenges adopted individuals face need to be treated at the earliest juncture.
Correlates of Adherence of Multimodal Non-pharmacological Interventions in Older Adults With Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Sun Xue , Wang Lina , Shen Xinhua , Huang Cheng , Wei Zhuqin , Su Liming , Wang Simeng , Liu Xiaoshen , Zhen Xueting 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundNon-pharmacological interventions are promising for delaying cognitive decline in older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Although some studies have demonstrated adherence rates and factors influencing participation in single modality non-pharmacological interventions, little is known about the level and correlates of adherence to multimodal non-pharmacological interventions (MNPIs) in older adults with MCI.ObjectiveThis study aimed to explore the adherence level and the correlates of adherence to MNPIs in older adults with MCI.MethodsA cross-sectional design was employed. Community-dwelling older adults aged 60 years and over were recruited from senior community centers and healthcare centers in Huzhou from March 2019 to December 2020. Data were collected by a general information questionnaire and the adherence scale of cognitive dysfunction management (AS-CDM) in older adults with MCI. Hierarchical regression analyses were applied to explore the correlates of adherence to MNPIs.ResultsA total of 216 completed questionnaires were finally analyzed. Of these, 68.52% were female, and 45.4% of the participants had no less than 6 years of education. The overall mean score for adherence was 117.58 (SD = 10.51) out of 160, equivalent to 73.49 in the hundred-mark system, indicating a medium-level adherence to MNPIs in older adults with MCI. Of the five dimensions of adherence (AS-CDM), self-efficacy scored the highest, and the lowest was perceived barriers. The univariate analysis showed that the factors associated with the adherence to MNPIs were: regular physical exercise, meat-vegetable balance, absence of multimorbidity, high level of education, living alone, and living in urban (p &lt; 0.05). In the hierarchical regression analysis, the final model explained 18.8% of variance in overall adherence (p &lt; 0.01), which high school (Beta = 0.161, p &lt; 0.05), college and above more (Beta = 0.171, p &lt; 0.05), meat-vegetarian balance (Beta = 0.228, p &lt; 0.05), regular physical exercise (Beta = 0.234, p &lt; 0.05), and presence of multimorbidity (Beta = −0.128, p &lt; 0.05) significantly contributed to adherence. In addition, nearly 80% of older adults with MCI preferred MNPIs.ConclusionEarly assessment and management of adherence to MNPIs were essential in older adults with MCI. Furthermore, the findings shed light on several critical areas of intervention to improve adherence to MNPIs in older adults with MCI.Clinical Trial Registrationhttp://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=35363, ChiCTR1900020950 (Registered on January 23, 2019).
Occupational Safety Climate and Hazards in the Industrial Sector: Gender Differences Perspective, Saudi Arabia
Authors: AlMousa Norah , Althabet Nadin , AlSultan Sarah , Albagmi Faisal , AlNujaidi Heba , Salama Khaled F. 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundOccupational Health and Safety (OHS) has become a growing public health concern worldwide. A considerable body of literature has been generated around the theme of safety climate perceptions and occupational hazards, as many researchers have examined perceptions of the occupational safety climate in relation to organizational hierarchy. But there is an urgent need to address safety problems associated with gender differences, especially in Saudi Arabia, where women have only recently begun to work in the industrial field. Therefore, this study aims to assess workers' perceptions of the safety climate and OHS hazards and identify gender differences among workers.MethodsA cross-sectional study was carried out, using the Nordic Occupational Safety Climate Questionnaire (NOSACQ-50) to assess seven dimensions of safety climate perception and a standardized structured questionnaire adapted from the National Institute of Occupational Health to assess occupational hazards.ResultsThe results indicated that respondents perceived only one dimension of their relevant occupational safety climates positively. “Peer safety communication, learning, and trust in co-workers”. Workers experienced a range of different occupational hazards in factories, with noise being the most common. There were significant differences (&lt;0.05) between females and males in the areas of safety priority and risk non-acceptance. Women were more likely to experience ergonomic problems than their male counterparts.ConclusionThe present study concludes that industries need to comply with national and international OHS standards and rules, especially related to gender perspectives and hazards, as well as provide proper occupational health services in their factories.
Association Between Passive Smoking and Menstrual Discomfort: A Cross-Sectional Study of 2,571 Non-smoking Chinese Nurses
Authors: Xiao Shi-qi , Xing Lin-lin , Wu Qi-jun , Xia Tian-hui , Fu Tong-tong , Guo Ying , Yu Xin-ying , Sun Xiang-hong , Feng Hui-ling , Gai Li , Xu Yi-wei , Xia Chun-ling , Fan Ling 
Published: June 2022

IntroductionMenstrual discomfort affects women's quality of life, which is an important public health issue. Evidence confirming the link between passive smoking and menstrual discomfort is limited. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the aforementioned topic on the basis of a cross-sectional study of 2,571 non-smoking Chinese nurses.MethodsDemographic information and passive smoking were assessed using a self-administered questionnaire. Menstrual discomfort was characterized as dysmenorrhea, illness or weakness, bed rest, and restlessness during menstruation, which was assessed using a modified version of the Cornell Medical Index-Health Questionnaire. Multivariate-adjusted odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using the logistic regression model.ResultsA total of 1:195 nurses (46.48%) were exposed to passive smoking. Compared with non-passive smoking nurses, passive smoking nurses were more likely to have menstrual discomfort symptoms (72.38 vs. 64.39%), especially symptoms of dysmenorrhea (49.54 vs. 42.08%), illnesses or weakness (48.28 vs. 42.08%), and restlessness during menstruation (53.05 vs. 46.22%). Exposure to passive smoking was significantly associated with menstrual discomfort (OR = 1.41, 95%CI: 1.19–1.67), especially symptoms of dysmenorrhea (OR = 1.32, 95%CI: 1.13–1.56), illness or weakness (OR = 1.24, 95%CI: 1.06–1.46), and restlessness (OR = 1.26, 95%CI: 1.08–1.48) during menstruation. The subgroup analyses, stratified by age, children, and marital status, agreed with the main findings.ConclusionsExposure to passive smoking was related to symptoms of dysmenorrhea and menstrual discomfort.
Mother's and Father's Migrating in China: Differing Relations to Mental Health and Risk Behaviors Among Left-Behind Children
Authors: Akezhuoli Hailati , Lu Jingjing , Zhao Guanlan , Xu Jiayao , Wang Menmen , Wang Feng , Li Lu , Zhou Xudong 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundIn China, the figure for left-behind children (LBC) of migrants stood at 68. 77 million in 2015. Despite being seen as a whole in the last few decades, LBC today differ broadly in parental migrating status. This study focused on LBC with both parents migrating (BLBC), LBC with only mothers migrating (MLBC), LBC with only fathers migrating (FLBC), and previous LBC with one or both parents migrating (PLBC), separately. We aimed at exploring the extent to which LBC were being affected by each migrant parent on both mental health and risk behaviors.MethodsData from 4,832 children were collected by a school-based survey in both rural and urban areas of China's Anhui province. Each participant anonymously completed a self-administered questionnaire containing the sociodemographics, the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), the items from the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS), and Young's Internet Addiction Test for Chinese (YIAT-C). Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and the Chi-squared test. Associations were estimated by multiple linear regression and logistic regression analyses adjusted for several confounders.ResultsThe results suggested that BLBC (p &lt; 0.001), MLBC (p &lt; 0.05), FLBC (p &lt; 0.01), and PLBC (p &lt; 0.001) significantly scored higher for total difficulties along with emotional symptoms and conduct problems than never left-behind children (NLBC). Besides, BLBC, FLBC, and PLBC further reported a significantly higher rate of smoking (p &lt; 0.001, p &lt; 0.01, and p &lt; 0.001, respectively) and drinking (p &lt; 0.01, p &lt; 0.05, and p &lt; 0.01, respectively) than did NLBC. Also, MLBC appeared higher risks of smoking problems [OR = 2.31, 95% CI (1.45–3.69), p &lt; 0.001] and the internet addiction [OR = 2.15, 95% CI (1.24–3.72), p &lt; 0.01], when compared to NLBC.ConclusionsThe findings provided insight into LBC within the different contexts of parental migrations and contributed to a better understanding of their specific and potentially persistent health risks. Correspondingly, the study highlighted the implications for differentiating LBC to capture the more vulnerable group and tailored interventions to prioritize.