bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of balanced crystalloid versus normal saline for fluid resuscitation in the early stages of acute severe pancreatitis: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: yaqi sheng , Zhu Huadong , Sun Han 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Background: Acute pancreatitis is a common acute inflammatory disease of the pancreas, with approximately 15-25% of them will develop into acute severe pancreatitis (SAP), and the prognosis is often extremely poor if the intervention is not actively given earlier. Previous studies confirmed that fluid resuscitation in the early stages of acute severe pancreatitis is very important. However, few studies have looked for the efficacy of balanced crystalloid in the early stages of SAP. Aim: To evaluate whether a balanced saline solution using in the initial fluid resuscitation therapy can reduce mortality and bring about fewer side effects than normal saline/0.9% saline in patients with SAP. Methods: This is a mono-center, randomized, normal saline-controlled trial which will be performed in emergency departments (ED) in China. The trial will include at least 180 patients who accord with the diagnosis of acute severe pancreatitis. Patients will be randomly assigned to either intravenous balanced crystalloid (intervention) or normal saline (control) which will be used for initial fluid resuscitation and maintenance fluids for up to 48 hours. We choose the sodium bicarbonate ringer liquid, a type of balanced salt solution which is not often studied in intervention group. The primary outcomes will be the mortality (endpoint follow-up is the 28-days survival) and the incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI). The secondary outcomes include the incidence of hyperchloremia, other electrolyte levels in the early and late stages of SAP, CRRT utility time length , ventilator utility time length, ICU length of stay and total length of hospital stay.Discussion: This trail will provide high-quality evidence for the comparative effectiveness of Bicarbonate Ringer’s solution versus normal saline for the initial fluid management of SAP patients in emergency departments.Trial registration: Chictr.org.cn, ChiCTR2200059980. Registered on 14 May 2022.
Biomass yield and quality of Congo and Rhodes grasses in Northern Guinea Savanna of Nigeria for ruminant animal production
Authors: Akpensuen Tersur Theophilus 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

The study was conducted to evaluate forage dry matter and nutrient contents of Congo grass (Urochloa ruziziensis) and Rhodes grass (Chloris gayana) in the Northern Guinea savanna of Nigeria for livestock production. A two (two grass species) by three years (2019, 2020 and 2021) factorial design was used. The experimental design was arranged in a Completely Randomized Design with four replicates. The forage crops were harvested at early bloom stage in each year. Urochloa ruziznsis was greater (p < 0.05) in plant height, number of tillers and leaves per plant compared to C. gayana. Foarge dry matter yield (14.1 t/ha) and Crude protein yield (1.7 t/ha) were also higher in U. ruziensis. The year 2020 produced higher dry matter yield, while the lowest value was recorded in the year establishment year (2019). On the other hand, C. gayana had higher (p < 0.05) fibre contents than U. ruziziensis. There was positive correlation between dry matter yield and the phonological variables, while a negative correlation existed between crude protein and crude fiber. The forage legumes an provide the basic nutrient requirement for maintenance in ruminants when fed with the two grasses, but the feeds should be supplemented with higher protein content feeds for highly production such as fattening and lactating animals. Overall, U. ruziziensis showed valuable forage grass in terms of dry matter yield and quality than C. gayana in the environment considered.
Antimicrobial activity of synthesized Graphene Oxide-Selenium nanocomposites: A mechanistic insight
Authors: Riyal Isha , Badoni Ayush , Kalura Shubham S. , Mishra Kavita , Sharma Himani , Gambhir Lokesh , Dwivedi Charu 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Nanoparticles have recently gained interest as an anti-bacterial agent since they have large surface area to volume ratio and potential to compromise the integrity of bacterial cell membranes. Due to its versatility and anti-bacterial activity, graphene-based materials have drawn significant interest in biomedical applications. One of the greatest threats to life in the modern technological era is the pervasiveness of infectious diseases since bacteria cells are constantly updating themselves to resist antibiotics. In this presented study, GO-Se nanocomposite has been synthesized using polymer solution via a simple dispersion method. The structural and physicochemical properties of nanocomposite were investigated in detail. Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus vulgaris and Bacillus subtilis bacterial strains were employed to study the anti-bacterial activity of GO-Se nanocomposite. The results show that the synthesized nanocomposites have good efficacy as an anti-bacterial agent. UV-vis spectroscopy, FTIR spectroscopy, HRTEM, XPS and Raman spectroscopy were used to analyze the as-prepared GO and GO-Se nanocomposite.
Crystal fabric anisotropy causes directional hardening of the
Northeast Greenland Ice Stream
Authors: Gerber Tamara , Lilien David , Rathmann Nicholas , Franke Steven , Young Tun Jan , Valero-Delgado Fernando , Ershadi Reza , Drews Reinhard , Zeising Ole , Humbert Angelika , Stoll Nicolas , Weikusat Ilka , Grinsted Aslak , Hvidberg Christine , Jansen Daniela , Miller Heinrich , Helm Veit , Steinhage Daniel , O'Neill Charles , Gogineni Prasad , Paden John , Dahl-Jensen Dorthe , Eisen Olaf 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The dynamic mass loss of ice sheets due to ice flow constitutes one of the biggest uncertainties in projections of ice-sheet evolution and sea-level rise. One central, understudied aspect of ice flow is how the bulk orientation of the ice-crystal lattice (fabric) translates to the mechanical anisotropy of ice. Here, we present a comprehensive analysis of the depth-averaged fabric distribution and corresponding directional flow enhancement factors covering a large area of the Northeast Greenland Ice Stream onset region. Our results are based on a combination of methods applied to extensive airborne and ground-based radar surveys, ice-core observations, and numerical ice-flow modelling. They show a strong spatial variability of the horizontal fabric anisotropy and a rapid crystal reorganization on the order of hundreds of years coinciding with the ice-stream geometry. The ice in parts of the ice stream is found to be up to one order of magnitude harder for pure-shear deformation in flow direction compared to isotropic ice, while the shear margins are potentially softened for horizontal simple shear by a factor of two. The high spatial resolution and large-scale coverage of our results is unprecedented and significantly contributes towards more accurate ice-flow models and a better understanding of ice-stream dynamics. Moreover, our estimated time scale of crystal reorganization and methodological approaches can potentially also be transferred to the investigation of ice on extraterrestrial bodies and other geologic materials.
Perspectives of Lay Counselors Delivering a Brief Depression Treatment in the United States: A Mixed Methods Investigation
Authors: Woodard Grace S. , Mraz Amanda , Renn Brenna N. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background: Task sharing is an implementation strategy which increases access to services by training and supporting treatment delivery by nonspecialists. Such an approach has demonstrated effectiveness for depression and other mental health outcomes; however, few studies have examined lay counselors’ perspectives of the acceptability, feasibility, and appropriateness of delivering mental health interventions. We examine quantitative and qualitative reports of lay counselors’ experiences delivering a brief structured behavioral intervention for depression (called “Do More, Feel Better” [DMFB]) to older adults. Methods: All lay counselors (N = 4) who delivered DMFB completed quantitative measures assessing their perceptions of acceptability, feasibility, and appropriateness, and participated in a focus group, which provided insight into the quantitative ratings using an explanatory sequential mixed methods approach. Qualitative data were analyzed using thematic analysis and were double coded.Results: Lay counselors endorsed high acceptability, feasibility, and appropriateness of DMFB, with qualitative results providing some insight into specific barriers and facilitators which may be important to consider when planning to implement task sharing. Themes that emerged from qualitative data included supervision being highly acceptable and feasible, appropriateness of the intervention for lay counselors, and the feasibility of tailoring the intervention to clients. Lay counselors also expressed difficulty managing emotional investment in clients’ success and providing therapy during a pandemic and racial violence in the US.Conclusions: Our results can inform future implementation and sustainment of task sharing interventions to expand access to care.
Geomorphic controls on debris flow activity in the paraglacial zone of the SE Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Wang Jiao , Wang Hao , Jiang Yao , Zhang Guotao , Zhao Bo , Lei Yu 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
On the southeastern Tibetan Plateau, which is an area widely covered by alpine glaciers, two types of debris flow generally occur: glacier-related debris flows (GDFs) and rainfall-related debris flows (RDFs). It is widely accepted that topographic conditions influence debris flow activities; however, few studies have examined the differences between such influence on GDFs and RDFs. This study investigated the GDFs and RDFs in the periglacial area of the Parlung Tsangpo Basin, and calculated 12 geomorphic indexes to reveal the topographic features associated with these two types of debris flow. It was found revealed that lower values in the drainage area, main channel length, and relative elevation occurred in RDFs compared to the GDFs, whereas higher values in the channel gradient, relief ratio, and effective basin area appeared in RDFs. The discrepancy is mainly related to the different topographic and geomorphic shaping of modern glaciers. According to its geomorphological characteristics, the Parlung Tsangpo Basin can be divided into three sections: the upper V-shaped canyon section, middle wide valley section, and lower steep canyon section. The scale and frequency of debris flows in the upstream canyon region are substantially lower than those of debris flows in the downstream canyon region. Moreover, the frequency and scale of RDFs are substantially different to those of GDFs, primarily because of the different geomorphic evolutionary stages of debris flows gullies in different regions.
Effect of shading on physiological and reproductive parameters in Nelore cows
Authors: Silva Wilian Aparecido Leite da , Silva Eliane Vianna da Costa e , Ferreira Mariane Gabrielly Cesar Ribeiro , Gheller Janaina Menegazzo , Poehland Ralf , Sterza Fabiana de Andrade Melo 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the physiological and reproductive parameters of Nelore cows under different microclimatic conditions. The experiment was performed in Central Brazil, which has a tropical climate, dry winter, and rainy summer. The experimental groups were divided into an area with shading (5.8 trees/ha; n = 42) and an area with little shading (0.4 trees/ha; n = 42). We assessed physiological parameters (heart rate, respiratory rate, rectal temperature, surface body temperature, and vaginal temperature), and reproductive parameters (estrus detection, conception rate, and rate of pregnancy loss). Rectal temperature (p = 0.002), surface body temperature on the flanks, forehead, and shoulder (p < 0.001), and vaginal temperature (p < 0.001) of cows in the group with shading was significantly lower those of cows in the group without shading. Estrus was higher (p = 0.08) in the cows of the shaded group; however, no effect was observed in conception and pregnancy loss rates. In conclusion, shading (5.8 trees/ha) provided better thermal comfort for Nelore animals in this tropical climatic region. However, it did not affect the performance of fixed-time artificial insemination.
Thrombocytosis and eosinophilia in 32 Chinese neonatal incontinentia pigmenti patients.
Authors: Su Yufei , Zhang Huifang , Zongyi Zou , Ma Yingge , Zhang Huiping , Wen Jun , Li Hui 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Introduction:
Incontinentia pigmenti (IP) is a rare X-linked dominant genetic disease that affects ectodermal tissue and is often misdiagnosed in the neonatal period. This study aimed to highlight the sequential clinical features and evaluate the prognosis of 32 neonatal IP patients.
Materials and methods
A retrospective descriptive analysis was performed using the clinical, blood analytical, pathological, radiological, genetic, and follow-up data of neonatal patients diagnosed with IP from 2010 to 2021 in Xi’an, China.
Results
Of the 32 patients, two (6.25%) were male. Thirty patients (93.75%) had eosinophilia (eosinophilic granulocyte count: 0.31-19.9⋅109, mean proportion of white blood cells: 20.98 ± 15.21%). Twenty patients (62.5%) had thrombocytosis (thrombocyte count: 139–975⋅109, mean count: 416.76 ± 176.82). Thirty-one patients (96.88%) exhibited the first three cutaneous lesions, characterised by erythema and superficial vesicles on inflammatory bases, in a linear distribution in the first week of age. Thirteen patients (40%) had combined nervous system abnormalities, and nine patients (28.13%) had retinopathy. Twelve patients (37.5%) had a molecular diagnosis and two types of genetic variants were detected in NEMO. Nineteen patients were followed up ranging from after 1 to 44 months. At follow-up, four patients displayed psychomotor retardation, and five patients developed a decrease in vision with astigmatism and amblyopia.
Conclusion
Thirty patients had eosinophilia, and twenty patients had thrombocytosis. Therefore, we speculate that the mechanism of injury and occlusion in microvessels may be related to platelet aggregation based on the increase in eosinophil cells and the release of inflammatory factors.
Characterization and in vivo toxicological evaluation of multi-walled carbon nanotubes: a low dose repeated intratracheal administrations study
Authors: Bubols Guilherme Borges , Arbo Marcelo Dutra , Peruzzi Caroline Portela , Cestonaro Larissa Vivan , Altknecht Louise Figueiredo , Fão Nuryan , Göethel Gabriela , Nascimento Sabrina Nunes , Paese Karina , Amaral Marta Gonçalves , Bergmann Carlos Pérez , Pohlmann Adriana Raffin , Guterres Silvia Stanisçuaski , Garcia Solange Cristina 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This study characterized and investigated the toxicity of two multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) NM-401 and NM-403 at 60 and 180 µg after four repeated intratracheal instillations; follow-up times were 3, 7, 30 and 90 days after the last instillation. NM-401 was needle-like, long, and thick, while NM-403 was entangled, short and thin. Both MWCNT types induced transient pulmonary and systemic alterations in renal function and oxidative lipid damage markers in recent times. Animals showed general toxicity in the immediate times after exposures, in addition to increased pulmonary LDH release at day 3. In further times, decreased liver and kidney relative weights were noted at higher MWCNT doses. Lung histological damages included pulmonary fibrosis, for both MWCNT types, similarly to asbestos; single liver and kidney histological alterations were present. Repeated instillations led to persistent pulmonary damage at low doses and possibly the extrapulmonary effects may be associated with the consecutive exposures.
Evaluation of the Presence of Orthorexia Nervosa in Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes and Its Relationship With Diabetes Self-management
Authors: ALTUN Hülya KAMARLI , OZYILDIRIM CANER , KOÇ Şeyma , AKSOY Hatice Nur , SAĞIR Beyza , BOZKURT Merve Sefa , KARASU Hakan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose
This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between the presence of orthorexia nervosa and diabetes self-management in individuals with type 2 diabetes.
Methods
The study included 373 individuals with type 2 diabetes between the ages of 18–65 who applied to Akdeniz University Hospital Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases Polyclinic between January 2022 and May 2022. In the study, a questionnaire including sociodemographic data, information about diabetes, nutritional habits, ORTO-R and "Type 2 Diabetes Self-Management Scale" was used as a data collection tool. In addition, height and weight measurements were taken and body mass index (BMI) were calculated. Biochemical parameters were evaluated by accessing from the hospital system.
Results
46.1% of the participants were men, 53.9% were women and mean age was 57.5 ± 9.6 years. Low diabetes self-management is associated with an increase in fasting glucose (p < 0,05), HbA1c (p < 0,05), BMI (p < 0,01). ORTO-R scores were significantly higher in the group with low diabetes self-management (p < 0,001). Education level, presence of non-diabetic disease and diabetes-related complication, treatment method are the factors affecting diabetes self-management and ON. While medical nutrition therapy provides better diabetes self-management, it increases the susceptibility to ON.
Conclusion
ON is common in people with type 2 diabetes. Although medical nutrition therapy provides better self-management, it may increase susceptibility to ON.
Level of evidence:
Level V, cross-sectional study
In-situ suture based on a nasoseptal mucosal flap for repair of grade 3 leaks associated with an expanded endoscopic endonasal approach
Authors: Song Pingan , Hu Guowen , Xiong Yuanyuan , Lv Shigang , Li Shaoguang , Xu Jiang , Guo Hua , Wu Lei 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
To investigate the reliability and efficacy of a modified technique for preventing postoperative grade 3 leaks associated with an expanded endoscopic endonasal approach (EEEA).
Method
This study was a retrospective review of 33 patients who presented with intraoperative grade 3 leaks after the use of an EEEA for resection of skull base lesions from January 2017 to February 2022. Patients who received the conventional method from January 2017 to December 2019 were included in Group A. Patients who received the modified in-situ suture technique from 2020 onward were included in Group B. The Whitney test and chi-square test or Fisher's exact test were conducted to analyze the differences in several postoperative outcomes between the two groups.
Result
Five cases of postoperative CSF leaks and a single intracranial infection occurred in Group A. No postoperative CSF leaks or intracranial infection occurred in Group B. The in-situ suture technique avoided the need to take autologous fat and fascia lata from the thigh (p < 0.001), reduced postoperative bed rest (p < 0.001), and decreased the incidence of postoperative CSF leaks (p = 0.049) and the total hospital stay (p = 0.011). No significant differences in re-repair, hospitalization costs or postoperative intracranial infection were noted between the two groups.
Conclusion
This modified technique could represent an effective and safe option for repairing grade 3 leaks associated with the EEEA. In the future, the focus should be on increasing the number of surgeries and continuing follow-up to monitor and evaluate the long-term efficacy of this approach.
Pollution and health risk assessment of heavy metals in the soil around an open landfill site in a developing country
Authors: Rouhani Abdulmannan , Shadloo Shabnam , Ehdaei Afsaneh , Hejcman Michal 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Solid waste has always been an integral part of human life, and the production of these substances is increasing with the growth of the human population. One of the most critical environmental problems of the present age is the release of pollutants from landfills into the soil, surface, and groundwater of the surrounding environment. Thus, the main objective of this study is to evaluate the extent of soil pollution and potential ecological and health risks related to the disposal of municipal solid waste (MSW) near a landfill site in Kazerun, Iran. Soil samples were collected from inside the landfill (ILA), agricultural land (AGL), and nursery land (NUL) and analyzed for six heavy metals (HMs), including As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, and Zn. Results revealed that the HMs in ILA soils had moderate n to high pollution risk. As and Cd had the highest concentration in the study area, and all HMs were higher than the background value. Cluster analysis (CA) showed that studied metals might be characterized as two groups: group 1 (Ni, Cu, As, and Cd) related to anthropogenic activities in the study area. In contrast, group 2 (Cr and Zn), was associated with parent materials. The health risk assessment results showed that oral ingestion was the primary exposure path for elements, and children were more vulnerable to harmful health effects. Metals, namely Cu for adults and As, Cr, Cu, and Ni for children, pose maximum cancer risks. HQ and HI values were lower than the threshold limit, indicating no non-carcinogenic health risk to humans. Moreover, possible harmful impacts of HMs accumulation in nature and soil near human settlements call for appropriate planning for discharging toxic waste in these areas.
Green Synthesis of Piper nigrum Copper-based Nanoparticles: In-Silico Study and ADMET Analysis to Assess Their Antioxidant, Antibacterial, and Cytotoxic Effects
Authors: Anusha Y. , Rajesh Nambi , Vani M. Vidya , Khadri Habeeb , Mohammed Arifullah , Riazunnisa Khateef , moussa Ashaimaa 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Nano-biotechnology gained popularity and interest among scientists since it allowed for the green manufacturing of nanoparticles by employing plants as reducing agents. This method was safe, cheap, reproducible, and eco-friendly. In this study, the therapeutic potential of Piper nigrum fruit was mixed with the antibacterial activity of metallic copper to produce copper nanoparticles. The synthesis of copper nanoparticles was indicated by a colour change from brown to blue. Physical characterisation of PN-CuNPs was done by using UV-vis spectroscopy, FTIR, SEM, EDX, XRD and Zeta analyser. PN-CuNPs exhibited potential antioxidant, antibacterial and cytotoxic activities. PN-CuNPs showed improved free radical scavenging activity in a concentration dependant manner, reaching a maximum of 92%, 90% and 86% with DPPH, H2O2 and PMA tests. The antibacterial zone of inhibition of PN-CuNPs was the highest against S. aureus (23 mm) and the lowest against E. coli (10 mm), respectively. In vitro cytotoxicity of PN-CuNPs was demonstrated against MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines. The green synthesis of P. nigrum fruit was an excellent approach to produce PN-CuNPs with significant biological properties. Furthermore, more than 50 components of Piper nigrum extract were selected and subjected to in-silico molecular docking using the C-Docker protocol in the binding pockets of glutathione reductase, E. coli DNA gyrase topoisomerase II and EGFR tyrosine to discover their druggability. Pipercyclobutanamide A (26), pipernigramide F (32) and pipernigramide G (33) scored the best Gibbs free energy 50.489, 51.9306, 58.615 Kcal/mol, respectively. The ADMET/TOPKAT analysis confirmed the favourable pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and toxicity of the three promising compounds; thus, preparing them for further studies to be introduced into pharmaceutical dosage forms, as antibacterial, antioxidant or antitumor drugs.