bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Drilling Data Raise Questions About Time of Events and Calculations
Authors: Rassenfoss Stephen 
Published: September 2022

Two seemingly simple questions were raised by technical papers about drilling data: What formula did you use? What time did the event occur?
For anyone using data to analyze drilling performance or automate the process, getting both those things right is becoming increasingly important.
And as drilling relies more on digital controls and sophisticated analysis, getting those data wrong has become a serious problem.
One example is the standard measure used for the energy exerted to drill ahead—mechanical specific energy (MSE), for which there are multiple formulas to choose from. And even if the right one is used, its accuracy hangs on whether the needed steps were taken to properly gather the inputs to the formula.
Time sounds like a straightforward problem—just ensure all the clocks are in sync. The reality is that there are corporate firewalls blocking access to the reference clocks, a wide range of time-stamping practices, and an increasing amount of calculated data in the information stream based on inputs that are lost in calculation.
The MSE problem is simpler to solve but a lot of effort will be required to change the habits, and computer systems, supporting multiple formulas that can deliver significantly different results.
Different formulas for MSE and other drilling measures were created over the years for various reasons ranging from the creator’s research interests or a desire to limit the inputs needed for calculating MSE.
Pulldown menus on drilling data records have typically offered a menu of MSE options with names for formulas that vary; so, a user would need to know the formula to ensure the correct one was selected.
“When the pulldown menu offers a pick list with four types of MSE provided by the vendors, you do not know if you are using the right one now,” said Fred Dupriest, a Texas A&M professor who presented a paper on the issue at the IADC/SPE Drilling Conference and Exhibition in March (SPE 208777).
The paper reported on the work of a committee of 15 industry experts who chose a standard MSE formula which was laid out in the paper. It described how to gather the inputs and assigned names for the two approved versions—one for computing energy at the drill bit, and the other that included the drillstring.
A second paper presented at the conference described the need to begin a long-term effort to define how to accurately measure, gather, and record time data (IADC/SPE 208732).
“If data is not aligned correctly, you are not going to get the right result,” said Pradeep Annaiyappa, a senior director at Nabors for digital data initiatives at the drilling company, when presenting the time-measurement and recordkeeping paper.
Coreflooding and Steady-State Principles Determine Reaction Kinetics
Authors: Carpenter Chris 
Published: September 2022

This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper SPE 209380, “Reaction Kinetics Determined From Coreflooding and Steady-State Principles for Stevns Klint and Kansas Chalk Injected With MgCl2 Brine at Reservoir Temperature,” by Pål Østebø Andersen, Reidar Inge Korsnes, and Andre Tvedt Olsen, University of Stavanger, et al. The paper has not been peer reviewed.
A methodology is presented for determining reaction kinetics from coreflooding. A core is flooded with reactive brine at different compositions with injection rates varied systematically. Each combination is performed until steady state, when effluent concentrations no longer change significantly with time. The authors also propose shut-in tests where brine reacts statically with the core for a defined period and then is flushed out. The residence time and produced brine composition is compared with the flooding experiments. This design allows characterization of the reaction kinetics from a single core. The steady-state method allows computationally efficient matching even with complex reaction kinetics.

Introduction
The complete paper presents a methodology to interpret reactive flow experiments. The main principle is to focus on the steady-state data collected when effluent concentrations do not change further with time for given injected composition, injection rate, core properties, temperature, and pressure. Such measurements depend only on the dynamic equilibrium between reactions, advection, and to some extent dispersion, while transient events and mechanisms can be ignored. The authors hypothesize that, by measuring such data under different injected compositions, injected rates, and temperatures, characterization of reaction kinetics is possible with great detail. This is demonstrated by performance of reactive flow experiments on chalk cores at varied conditions with the purpose of collecting steady-state data. A key advantage from the interpretation perspective is that complicated reactive transport equations can be simplified by ignoring the changes in time and only simulating and matching the steady state. The experimental setup is detailed in the complete paper, as is a general description of advection-dispersion-reaction systems, a description of steady states in an advection-dispersion-reaction system and an advection-reaction system, and a theoretical description of a magnesium chloride (MgCl2)/calcite system.
Technology Focus: Health, Safety, and Environment (August 2022)
Authors: Carpenter Chris 
Published: September 2022

This year’s selections for the HSE Technology Focus feature demonstrate that, while the upstream industry continues to incorporate and develop advances in automation and machine learning (ML), its professionals remain dedicated to safety and security, using these technologies to help maintain high standards and achieve new goals.
One of the primary paper selections focuses on ML applications in rig-training enhancement. A methodology using both a biometric wearable and an ML algorithm monitors operators’ stress levels during a simulated well-control incident. This allows operators to identify areas of low situational awareness and situation-specific areas in need of improvement.
This emphasis on ML and its effects on individual safety does not mean that familiar goals in HSE have changed, as the other two primary selections, focused upon mercury-contamination mitigation and solids management in produced fluids, illustrate. The former emphasizes a holistic approach, ranging from careful consideration of design parameters to speciation of mercury contaminants, to allow more-effective elimination. The latter discusses the problems posed by naturally occurring radioactive materials, and how these may be handled such that they come in minimal contact with offshore personnel. The authors use a North Sea case study to describe positive results experienced with a dual vessel desander with an interlocking valve design.
Recommended papers also explore a breadth of HSE topics, including the challenges inherent in cyberdefense of offshore drilling rigs, where sophisticated security threats have outpaced existing defense frameworks. Another also is devoted to mercury and the protection of pipelines and topside equipment therefrom. Finally, the third recommended paper takes a comprehensive approach in reviewing both innovations and gaps in pump-room design following a deadly 2015 explosion aboard a floating production, storage, and offloading vessel.
SPE provides a wealth of resources to assist industry professionals in bolstering and growing their HSE knowledge and their participation in professional development. The OnePetro online library is home to hundreds of relevant papers, and SPE Live offers dozens of in-depth interviews and discussions with industry HSE leaders. Both are valuable resources not only for professional advancement but also for the advancement of health, safety, and the environmental impact of the industry.
Recommended additional reading at OnePetro: www.onepetro.org.
OTC 31235 - Cyberdefence of Offshore Deepwater Drilling Rigs by Paola Rossi, NavalDome, et al.
SPE 208475 - Mercury Contamination of Process and Pipeline Infrastructure—A Novel, All‑Encompassing Solution for the Evaluation and Decontamination of Mercury From Pipelines and Topside Process Equipment To Allow Safe Disposal by Stuart Baker, Qa3, et al.
OTC 31639 - Guidance for Design and Operation of Pump Rooms Following the Explosion on the FPSO Cidade de São Mateus by Michael Duddy, MISC, et al.
Effect of vaporizing cannabis rich in cannabidiol on cannabinoid levels in blood and on driving ability: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Egloff Laura , Frei Priska , Gerlach Kathrin , Mercer-Chalmers-Bender Katja , Scheurer Eva 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Objective: To determine cannabinoid-levels in blood and driving-related ability after single (S1) and repetitive (S2) vapor inhalation of cannabis low in Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), but high in cannabidiol (CBD).
Methods: In a prospective, randomized, cross-over study at the Institute of Forensic Medicine Basel, healthy adults (NS1=27, NS2=20) vapor-inhaled two low-THC/CBD-rich products (both <1% THC), and placebo.
Outcomes: i) THC- and CBD-levels in whole blood, ii) assessment of driving-related ability.
Results: Among 74 participants included, 27 (mean age ± SD, 28.9 ± 12.5 years) completed S1, and 20 (25.2 ± 4.0) completed S2. THC dropped below 1.5 µg/L after 1.5 h, but was detected up to 5 h. Pairwise comparison of driving-related ability revealed no significant differences between low-THC/CBD-rich products (P1, P2) and placebo (P1 - P2: β = 0.319 [95% CI, -1.731 to 2.368], p = 0.950; P1 - placebo: β = 0.854 [95% CI, -1.329 to 3.037], p = 0.724; P2 - placebo: β = 0.535 [95% CI, -1.632 to 2.702], p = 0.879).
Conclusions: Detection of THC after consumption of low-THC/CBD-rich cannabis might have legal consequences for drivers. Regarding overall driving-related ability, no significant differences were observed between interventional products.
Trial Registration: German Clinical Trials Register: DRKS00018836.
ReporTree: a surveillance-oriented tool to strengthen the linkage between pathogen genetic clusters and epidemiological data
Authors: Mixão Verónica , Pinto Miguel , Sobral Daniel , Pasquale Adriano Di , Gomes João Paulo , Borges Vitor 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Background
Genomics-informed pathogen surveillance strengthens public health decision-making, playing an important role in infectious diseases’ prevention and control. A pivotal outcome of genomics surveillance is the identification of pathogen genetic clusters and their characterization in terms of geotemporal spread or linkage to clinical and demographic data. This task often consists of the visual exploration of (large) phylogenetic trees and associated metadata, being time consuming and difficult to reproduce.
Results
We developed ReporTree, a flexible bioinformatics pipeline that allows diving into the complexity of pathogen diversity to rapidly identify genetic clusters at any (or all) distance thresholds (e.g., high resolution thresholds used for outbreak detection or stable threshold ranges for nomenclature design) and to generate surveillance-oriented reports based on the available metadata, such as timespan, geography or vaccination/clinical status. By handling several input formats (SNP/allele matrices, trees/dendrograms, multiple sequence alignments, VCF files or distance matrices) and clustering methods, ReporTree is applicable to multiple pathogens, thus constituting a flexible resource that can be smoothly deployed in routine surveillance bioinformatics workflows with negligible computational and time costs. This is demonstrated through a benchmarking using core genome- (cg) or whole genome- (wg) Multiple Locus Sequence Type (MLST) (cg/wgMLST) datasets of four foodborne bacterial pathogens (each comprising more than a thousand isolates), in which genetic clusters at possible outbreak level were identified and reported in a matter of seconds. To further validate this tool, we reproduced a previous large-scale study on Neisseria gonorrhoeae, demonstrating how ReporTree is able to rapidly identify the main species genogroups and characterize them with key surveillance metadata (e.g, antibiotic resistance data). By providing examples for SARS-CoV-2 and the foodborne bacterial pathogen Listeria monocytogenes, we show how this tool is currently a useful asset in genomics-informed routine surveillance and outbreak detection of a wide variety of species.
Conclusions
In summary, ReporTree is a pan-pathogen tool for automated and reproducible identification and characterization of genetic clusters that contributes to a sustainable and efficient public health genomics-informed pathogen surveillance. ReporTree is implemented in python 3.8 and is freely available at https://github.com/insapathogenomics/ReporTree or as a Docker image at insapathogenomics/reportree.
Diphenylurea derivatives broadly inhibit SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A virus infections by perturbing endocytic trafficking
Authors: Kumar Nirmal , Taily Irshad , Singh Charandeep , Kumar Sahil , Rajmani Raju S. , Chakraborty Debajyoti , Sharma Anshul , Singh Priyanka , Thakur Krishan Gopal , Varadarajan Raghavan , Ringe Rajesh P. , Banerjee Prabal , Banerjee Indranil 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Rapid evolution of SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A virus (IAV) poses enormous challenge in the development of broad-spectrum antivirals, effective against the existing and emerging viral strains. Virus entry through endocytosis represents an attractive target for drug development, as inhibition of this early infection step should block downstream infection processes and potentially inhibit viruses sharing the same entry route. Through high-content screening, we have identified diphenylurea derivatives (DPUDs) as a new class of endocytosis inhibitors, which broadly restricted entry and replication of several SARS-CoV-2 and IAV strains in tissue culture cells, without affecting cell viability. We found, DPUDs transported chloride ions into the cell, and interfered with the endocytic machinery by perturbing intracellular chloride homeostasis. Finally, we tested DPUDs in mice challenged with SARS-CoV-2 and IAV. Treatment with DPUDs led to remarkable body weight recovery, improved survival, and significant reduction in lung viral load, indicating their potential as broad-acting antivirals.
Fuzzy Sliding Mode Control on Positioning and Anti-swing for Overhead Crane
Authors: Zhang Qianqian , Fan Bo , Zhang Yifan , Huang Guoxing 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This paper proposes a novel positioning and anti-swing controller based on fuzzy sliding mode for an overhead crane. For the underactuated characteristics of the overhead crane, the trolley displacement and load swing angle are integrated into the same sliding mode surface. The boundness and convergence of each state on the sliding mode surface are analyzed. Appropriate fuzzy rules are introduced to adjust the control quantity to ensure that the system state is always on this surface. The sliding mode function is used to replace the tracking error signal to reduce the dependence of the control method on the system model, so that the control system has better robustness to parameter changes and external disturbances. The experiment and results analysis show that this proposed method can effectively deal with the dynamic deviation of the system model and external random disturbances. The load swing has a good suppression effect and the positioning of the trolley can be accomplished quickly and accurately. The proposed positioning and anti-swing controller based on fuzzy sliding mode is able to provide the high-quality and fast transportation of overhead cranes.
Weighted composition, Volterra and Integral operators on Hardy Zygmund-type spaces
Authors: Hassanlou Mostafa , Abbasi Ebrahim 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we investigate weighted composition, Volterra and Integral operators on second derivative Hardy spaces. Some equivalent conditionsfor boundedness of the operators will be given using the boundedness on the Hardy spaces. Also we give a criteria forcompactness of weighted composition operators.
Assessment of Cormic Index and other Anthropometric Parameters of young adults with Sickle Cell Anaemia in Ile-Ife, Nigeria
Authors: Asafa Muritala A. , Bolarinwa Rahman A. , Oyewade Adeoye S. , Ahmed Ibrahim O. , Ogunlade Oluwadare 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This study assessed the effect of Haemoglobin SS (Hb SS) on cormic index and some other body anthropometric indices among students of Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria. A total of 100 young adults (18–40 years) participated in the study. They were classified into two groups; 50 cases (participants with Hb SS) and 50 control (participants with Hb AA) which were purposively selected after haemoglobin typing using electrophoresis method. The cases and controls were age-and sex-matched. The weight, sitting and standing height were measured by using Seca stadiometer-model 216 following standard protocol. Cormic index (CI%) was calculated using sitting height x 100/ standing height while the body mass index (BMI) and body surface area were calculated using Keys and Mosteller formulae respectively. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics and alpha value was set at p < 0.05. The mean values of weight in kg [54.39 ± 5.54 vs 60.48 ± 8.65 (t=- 4.195, p < 0.001], body mass index in kg/m2 [19.58 ± 2.08 vs 21.48 ± 2.91 (t = 6.068; p < 0.001)], cormic index in % [44.71 ± 6.05 vs 50.03 ± 1.33 (t = -3.760; p < 0.001)], subischial leg length in cm [92.22 ± 10.76 vs 83.84 ± 4.41 (p < 0.001; t = 5.092)] and body surface area in m2 [1.59 ± 0.09 vs 1.68 ± 0.14 (p < 0.001, t = -3.798)] of cases were significantly different from those of controls respectively. In conclusion, this study showed that Hb SS is associated with lower weight, sitting height, BMI, BSA and cormic index but higher subischial leg length when compared with Hb AA.
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on individuals affected by depression: Results of a CHAID-analysis
Authors: Czaplicki Andreas , Reich Hanna , Keil Daniel , Hegerl Ulrich 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Background: Surveys show that the measures taken to contain the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic had an impact on individuals suffering from depression. The objective of the present work was to identify the socio-demographic and clinical groups within individuals affected by depression that were particularly affected by a worsening of their depression because of the COVID-19 pandemic and associated public health measures.
Methods: The analysis was based on a population-representative survey of the German resident population aged 18-69 years. The survey was conducted online from the 17 to the 28 February 2021. A CHAID analysis (Chi-square Automatic Interaction Detectors) was carried out to identify particularly affected risk groups.
Results: With the CHAID analysis conducted, the findings on psychological distress from the COVID-19 pandemic response measures can be differentiated by identifying three groups among depressed individuals who are particularly affected by the COVID-19 measures: younger and middle-aged individuals (18-59 years) with recurrent or chronic depression, older individuals (60-69 years) with recurrent or chronic depression, younger respondents (18-29 years) with two to three depressive phases. For these groups of people, the measures taken to contain the COVID-19 pandemic led to a particularly severe deterioration in medical care. However, home isolation was also associated with significant impairment for this group of individuals.
Conclusion: The results confirm studies showing negative effects of COVID-19 pandemic on younger people and studies showing negative effects among chronically ill patients. However, the results presented extend the findings because they indicate which combinations of these two characteristics are particularly important in people suffering from depression.
The effect of endoscopic transsphenoidal somatotroph tumors resection on pituitary hormones: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Nie Ding , Fang Qiuyue , Wong Wakam , Gui Songbai , Zhao Peng , Li Chuzhong , Zhang Yazhuo 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose： Currently, endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery is the main treatment for pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNets). Excision of the tumor may have positive or negative effects on pituitary endocrine function and the pituitary function of somatotroph tumors is a point of particular concern after the operation. This study aimed to conduct a meta-analysis on the effect of endoscopic transsphenoidal somatotroph tumor resection on pituitary function.
Methods： A systematic literature search was conducted for articles that included the evaluation of pituitary target gland before and after endoscopic transsphenoidal pituitary adenoma resection and published between 1992 and 2022 in PubMed, Cochrane, and Ovid MEDLINE.
Results： 68 studies that included biochemical remission rates in 4524 somatotroph tumors were concluded. According to the 2000 consensus, the biochemical remission rate after transsphenoidal endoscopic surgery was 66.4% (95%CI,0.622-0.703; P = 0.000), the biochemical remission rate was 56.2% according to the 2010 consensus (95%CI,0.503-0.620; P = 0.041), and with the rate of biochemical remission ranging from 30.0% to 91.7% with investigator's definition. After endoscopic resection, adrenal axis dysfunction was slightly higher than that before surgery, but the difference was not statistically significant. Hypothyroidism was 0.712 times higher risk than that before surgery（OR=0.712; 95%CI, 0.527-0.961; P=0.027). Hypogonadism was 0.541 times higher risk than that before surgery (OR=0.541; 95%CI,0.393-0.746; P = 0.000). Hyperprolactinemia was 0.131 times higher risk than that before surgery (OR=0.131; 95%CI,0.022-0.783; P = 0.026). The incidence of pituitary insufficiency was 1.344 times risk before surgery after endoscopic resection of somatotroph tumors, but the difference was not statistically significant.
Conclusions： Although the biochemical response rate of patients with transsphenoidal endoscopic growth hormone tumor resection will be increased as endoscopic surgery matures, some patients still require postoperative treatment, including gamma-ray therapy or drug take-in. Long-term follow-up and drug replacement therapy are required for newly diagnosed pituitary dysfunction, while the existing preoperative hypophysis can be ameliorated to some extent.
Dynamics of a Stochastic and Deterministic SVIQRS Cholera Epidemic Model
Authors: Tessema Fikru Shiferaw , Bole Boka Kumsa , Koya Purnachandra Rao 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In the present research paper, deterministic and the corresponding stochastic mathematical models describing the dynamics of cholera epidemic are presented by incorporating vaccination. The total population size of the model is divided into five compartments namely Susceptible , Vaccinated, Infected, Quarantined for treatment and Recovered class. Initially, the cholera model is developed, and is determined by a deterministic approach. Since this deterministic approach is not considering either environmental factors or the randomness process of the dynamics, a corresponding stochastic approach has been introduced. The model equations of both deterministic and stochastic cases have been proved to be positive and also bounded. Furthermore, for both the models, mathematical formulations of the basic reproduction numbers are developed by employing the next generation matrix method. The analysis shows that the basic reproduction number for determinis-tic approach is much greater than that for the stochastic one. Finally, numerical simulations are also performed. The simulation study has revealed that combination of a decrease in contact between infected and susceptible individuals, increasing vaccination coverage, creating awareness to reduce contact rate, increasing recovery rate with proper treatment, and environmental sanitation are the most basic control strategies so as to eliminate cholera disease from the community.