bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TESTING A CONTEXT-ENRICHED MODEL OF SUCCESSFUL AGING IN MULTIPLE REPRESENTATIVE SAMPLES OF VERY OLD ADULTS
Authors: Kaspar Roman , Wahl Hans-Werner 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Objectively measurable outcomes of successful aging (SA) as used in Rowe and Kahn’s model of SA always operate in multiple contexts that may or may not be perceived as providing opportunity structures for aging well. Context may become most critical in advanced old age. We posit that so far, no empirical test of a contextually enriched model of SA in advanced old age exists. We use multiple representative survey samples of very old individuals, i.e., the D80+ study (study 1; N = 3.233) and the NRW80+ study (study 2; N [baseline] = 1.863; N [wave 2, new independent sample] = 950; N [2-year panel sample] = 912). Study protocols were highly similar across studies and included a multidimensional self-report- based assessment of perceived aging context. Whereas rates of SA according to Rowe and Kahn decreased from 9.1% in those 80-84 years to 0.7% in those 90 years or older, rates for those with many contextually driven opportunity structures at their disposal even if not fulfilling Rowe and Kahn’s criteria were much higher and decreased less steeply from 54.9% (80-84 years) to 44.4% (90 years and older). Also, greater stability of SA across 2 years was observed in supportive contexts. Decontextualizing SA may result in misleadingly low rates of SA in very old adults. Our findings underline the demand to go beyond SA as a process/outcome only at the individual level and aim future policies for aging well much more at strengthening opportunity structures.
SELF-PERCEPTIONS OF AGING MEDIATE THE ASSOCIATIONS OF CHANGE IN DEPRESSION WITH LIFE SATISFACTION AND DISABILITY
Authors: Sabatini Serena 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Self-perceptions of ageing (SPAs) significantly influence individuals’ health trajectories and satisfaction with life. This study explores (1) the associations between 14-year change in depressive symptoms as predictor of follow-up scores on SPAs, satisfaction with life, and informant-rated disability and (2) whether SPAs mediate the associations of 14-year change in depressive symptoms with follow-up scores on satisfaction with life and informant-rated disability. Participants were 174 older adults (Mean age= 87.41; SD= 3.67; 60% women) from the Sydney Memory and Ageing Study (MAS) with complete wave 7 (14-year follow-up) data. Measures used were the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS); the informant-rated World Health Organisation Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS); the Diener Satisfaction with Life Sclae (SwL); and the Laidlaw’ Attitudes to Aging Questionnaire (AAQ) as indicator of SPAs. We calculated a change score for depressive symptoms. Linear regression models and structural equation models were used. After controlling for covariates of age, sex, marital status, occupation, and number of chronic health conditions, greater 14-year increase in depressive symptoms predicted more negative scores on SPAs (Standardised beta, β = 0.41; p&lt;.001), lower SwL (β = 0.30; p&lt;.001), and greater informant-rated disability (β = 0.26; p=.001). Participants’ scores on SPAs partially mediated the association of 14-year change in depressive symptoms as predictors of follow-up scores on satisfaction with life and informant-rated disability. Negative SPAs may be one of the reasons why increased depressive symptoms in old and very old age can be related to lower satisfaction with life and informant-rated disability.
TRAJECTORIES OF LONELINESS IN LATER LIFE: EVIDENCE FROM A 10-YEAR ENGLISH PANEL STUDY
Authors: Gessa Giorgio Di 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Loneliness is generally defined as the discrepancy between individuals’ desired and actual social interactions and emotional support. Although the prevalence of loneliness is high among older people and is projected to rise, few studies have examined longitudinal patterns of loneliness. Moreover, most studies have focused on more “objective” risk factors for loneliness such as partnership status and frequency of contact, overlooking the quality of the relationship with and support from family and friends. Using data from six waves of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (2008/09 to 2018/19, N=4740), we used group-based trajectory modelling to identify distinctive trajectories of loneliness. Multinomial regression models were then used to examine characteristics associated with these trajectories, with a particular focus on size, support, closeness, and frequency of contact with social network members. We identified 5 groups of loneliness trajectories in later life, representing “stable low” (40% of the sample), “medium/low” (26%), “stable high” (11%), and “increasing” (14%) or “decreasing” (9%) levels of loneliness over time. Although there are socioeconomic and demographic differences across these trajectories of loneliness, health and relationship quality are their main drivers. Respondents with poor and deteriorating health were more likely to be classified as having “stable high” or “increasing” loneliness. Even if not having social networks is undoubtedly associated with higher risks of persistent loneliness, having friends and family is not enough: Respondents with low-quality relationships with both friends and family were also significantly more likely to be classified as having “stable high” or “increasing” levels of loneliness.
A HOUSING COALITION IN DETROIT MICHIGAN PLANS AHEAD FOR INDIVIDUAL AND COMMUNITY-LEVEL EMERGENCIES
Authors: Perry Tam , Kilgore Zach , Watkins Michele , Sanford Claudia , Price Brenda , Archambault Dennis 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Since its founding in 2013, Senior Housing Preservation-Detroit has worked tirelessly to address the displacement of older adults, the loss of senior housing as the city gentrifies; and ways to improve quality of life to those living in senior housing. As we turn the corner on the acute phase of the COVID-19 pandemic, the members of Senior Housing Preservation-Detroit are compelled to take stock of the lessons learned from the urgent, emergency context of serving older adults in the city of Detroit, and particularly those living in senior buildings. Whether the next emergency is isolated to a single building (in case of power outages or flooding) or affects many buildings (due to another infectious disease, our changing climate, etc.), we know that preparation must continue to happen on an individual and building level. Building staff and residents alike must be ready to respond to multi-faceted problems, and there must be better plans for serving a diverse senior population. SHP-D has explored ways to reduce risks to seniors in the next emergency, including improving communication, implementing preparedness plans, and enhancing the physical resiliency of buildings. This presentation will focus on the coalition’s work on emergency planning to share knowledge which may benefit other communities planning for older adults in emergencies.
RUNNING PAST 50: THE FORTITUDE OF THE OLDER RUNNER
Authors: Dowd James 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Considering the low numbers of physically active older Americans (Elgaddal, Kramarow, Reuben, 2022), those over the age of 50 who belie this generalization are of interest for their commitment to fitness. Despite their regret over their loss of running speed, any comparison with their more sedentary age peers would favor the older runner: they are healthier, fitter, and stronger. The question I address in this paper is why the older runner continues to run. Based on a sample of over 60 interviews conducted from July to December of 2023, I found that it is not simply a matter of striving to be healthy, although that is part of their motivation. As important as health are (1) running has been a habit and consequently a foundational part of their identity; and (2) running brings joy and a sense of profound well-being that older runners experience following a race, almost regardless of their performance. When asked about their motivation, runners acknowledge the positive effects of exercise on their health. But as one 72-year-old runner explained “Well, physical health and conditioning is important. But I wouldn’t say. I mean, that’s a benefit. I wouldn’t say that’s why I run.” The remainder of this paper probes more deeply into what might best be described as the fortitude of the older runner. The data confirm that older runners persist both because their running has become a habitual part of their everyday lives and also because their habit is a source of considerable joy for them.
HEARING LOSS AND COGNITIVE DECLINE: EVIDENCE FROM THE LONGITUDINAL STUDY OF ADULT HEALTH (ELSA-BRASIL)
Authors: Goncalves Natalia Gomes , Samelli Alessandra , Lotufo Paulo , Bensenor Isabela , Suemoto Claudia 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Hearing loss is common in older adults and its prevalence increases with age, being present in 40% of adults aged 50 years or older and increasing to 70% in adults aged 70 years or older. Hearing loss in middle age is one of the main risk factors for dementia, and it is estimated that 7% of dementia cases in Brazil are due to hearing loss. Therefore, this study aimed to study the association between hearing loss and cognitive decline during 8 years of follow-up. Data included participants from the São Paulo center of the Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil), who were evaluated in three study waves (2008-10, 2012-14, and 2017-19). Hearing loss was defined as pure-tone audiometry above 25 dB in either ear. Six tests evaluated cognitive performance in the memory, verbal fluency, and executive function domains. A global cognitive z-score was derived from these tests. The association between hearing loss and cognitive decline was evaluated with linear mixed-effects models adjusted for sociodemographic, lifestyle, and clinical variables. Of 805 participants (mean age 50.6±9.4 years, 52% women, 60% White), 62 had hearing loss. During follow-up, hearing loss was associated with faster global cognitive decline (β=-0.012, 95% CI=-0.023; 0.000, p=0.039). These results suggest that prevention of hearing loss in middle age could contribute to slowing cognitive decline in this population.
OSTEOSARCOPENIA: A GEROSCIENCE APPROACH
Authors: Duque Gustavo 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In older persons, the combination of osteopenia/osteoporosis and sarcopenia - known as osteosarcopenia - has been proposed as a subset of individuals at higher risk of adverse outcomes. The pathophysiology of osteosarcopenia results from a complex set of interactions between bone, muscle, and fat influenced by genetic, mechanical, and biochemical factors. There is a complex crosstalk system between muscle and bone, in which fat has become a new player. This communication system comprises osteokines, myokines, adipokines and other secreted factors (i.e., extracellular vesicles, exosomes and microRNAs), some of which have positive or negative effects on muscle and/or bone metabolism and function. These effects include alterations in most of the hallmarks of aging, triggered by conditions such as sedentarism, obesity, malnutrition, inflammation, and menopause, which induce tissue loss and dysfunction. In contrast, anabolic factors could be stimulated to prevent muscle and bone loss of mass and function. Therefore, osteosarcopenia is an optimal condition in which geroscience-based approaches could target several hallmarks of aging to have a beneficial dual effect on bone and muscle. This session will discuss the biological characteristics of osteosarcopenia shared by muscle and bone, their relevance in the pathogenesis of the condition, and their potential use as therapeutic targets in osteosarcopenia.
OBESITY AND ACCELERATED AGING
Authors: Villareal Dennis 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Obesity in the older population has increased in prevalence and incidence over the last several decades and has been associated with a decline in physical function, quality of life, and increased risk of complications from cardiometabolic diseases. Several interrelated hallmarks of aging have been proposed. The pathophysiologic changes that occur with obesity are similar or contribute to those that occur with aging. In fact, the positive energy balance typical of obesity worsens the excess deposition of ectopic fat with aging. Obesity and aging are characterized by chronic low-grade inflammation, which contributes to reduced muscle quality and protein control mechanisms. Obesity causes oxidative stress and inflammation, which can increase telomere shortening. Obesity induces epigenetic alteration, which can accelerate age-related dysfunction. Calorie excess increases formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which damages nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, and mitochondria. DNA damage from ROS upregulates p16 and p21, resulting in chromatic reorganization, cellular senescence, and production of proinflammatory factors (senescence-associated secretory phenotypes [SASP]). Persistent DNA damage associated with inefficient DNA repair with both obesity and aging may be the principal molecular event that underlies accelerated aging. Both obesity and aging deregulate cellular mechanisms related to nutrient signaling. Caloric restriction in combination with exercise slows biologic aging by protecting against the molecular and cellular damages that occur in obesity and aging.
UNDERSTANDING SOCIAL ISOLATION AMONG MEXICAN AMERICAN ALZHEIMER’S CAREGIVERS: ROLE OF TECHNOLOGY
Authors: Jiang Lin 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The projected increase in Latinos affected by Alzheimer’s disease and related dementia (ADRD) to 1.3 million by 2050 underscores the importance of understanding the experiences of Mexican American family caregivers. Despite recognized benefits of information communication technology (ICT) for caregivers, current research predominantly focuses on White American caregivers, leaving a gap in understanding the unique challenges faced by Mexican American caregivers. This study addresses this gap by conducting semi-structured, in-depth interviews with 24 Mexican American family caregivers of ADRD patients along the South Texas and Mexico Border. Participants were recruited through various channels, and Zoom interviews were conducted from January to Fall 2023, followed by thematic analysis. Participants ranged in age from 24 to 73, with an average of a college degree. Fourteen identified as Catholic, while seven identified as Christian. The average caregiving duration ranges from 1 to 13 years. Key findings reveal distinct experiences of social isolation and loneliness, aggravated by a lack of understanding from family members, with ICT playing a significant role in reducing social isolation, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic. Additionally, religion emerged as a vital coping mechanism, alleviating social isolation and loneliness through online activities. The study highlights disparities in social isolation and emphasizes the potential of technology in addressing these challenges among Mexican American family caregivers of ADRD patients. Recognizing their unique obstacles and leveraging technology can inform interventions to enhance well-being and support. Future research should prioritize culturally sensitive ICT interventions to improve the quality of life for both caregivers and patients.
DEVELOPMENT AND OPTIMIZATION OF MECHANISTICALLY SOUND DEMENTIA CARE INTERVENTIONS
Authors: Vranceanu Ana-Maria , Cornelius Talea , Rice Elise 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Optimizing care for persons living with dementia (PLWD) and their caregivers (CGs) is an urgent priority. A recent AHRQ report highlights the poor quality of existent dementia interventions emphasizing the need to develop methodologically sound interventions that test theory-based mechanisms hypothesized to underlie intervention effects. This symposium will describe methodology and applications of the NIH Stage Model and the Science Of Behavior Change (SOBC) experimental medicine approach and how they inform interventions for PLWD and their CGs. Dr. Cornelius will introduce SOBC and discuss complexities of specifying conceptual models, measuring mechanisms, and study methodology in a dyadic context. Dr. Vranceanu will introduce the NIH stage model and discuss the development and refinement of the Mindfulness and Self-Compassionate Care Program for stressed CGs of PLWD who endorse behavioral symptoms (NIH Stage 1A), showcasing mechanism and measure selection, feasibility testing, and first test of mechanistic target engagement. Dr. Mroz will describe a Stage 0 Appreciative Inquiry approach, in partnership with PLWD (mild-moderate), to define promising pathways for measuring and intervening to bolster purpose in the wake of a dementia diagnosis. Dr. Plys will present feasibility, mechanism engagement, and clinical outcome results of an NIH Stage 1B trial comparing a mindfulness mobile app to a podcast control for stressed CGs of PLWD. Dr. Berridge will describe an intervention’s non-linear pathway to Stage 1B mechanistic research to support empowered shared decision making about technology use for dementia care. The discussant, Dr. Rice will contextualize these findings within the larger literature and NIA funding opportunities.
BOLSTERING SENSE OF PURPOSE FOR INDIVIDUALS LIVING WITH EARLY DEMENTIA: AN APPRECIATIVE INQUIRY APPROACH
Authors: Mroz Emily , Monin Joan , Keefe Kate , DeFrancesco Erica , Gil Heidi 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Maintenance of a sense of purpose is a hallmark of wellbeing. Individuals consistently report a diminished sense of purpose in the wake of a diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease or related dementias (ADRD). One recently-proposed hypothesis (Sutin et al., 2023) is that this trend is a consequence of early, ADRD-related neurodegeneration, implying that adults living with early ADRD may be less cognitively able to pursue purpose. In contrast, our team hypothesizes that these declines are the result of a lack of evidence-based practices in clinical and community settings focused on bolstering purpose following this life-changing diagnosis. Our team pursued Stage 0 research given the lack of existing interventions. In partnership with people (N = 17) living with mild-moderate ADRD recruited from the Empowering Partnership Network, we completed a Design Thinking workshop using an Appreciative Inquiry method (Stowell, 2013). Workshop insights were recorded, and the first author completed qualitative thick descriptions to synthesize insights. Findings establish that, with the availability of support, adults with mild-moderate ADRD can generate meaningful purposes. Findings also described how the ADRD diagnosis journey can undermine purpose and suggest opportunities for multicomponent, community-based interventions to bolster purpose following diagnosis. This presentation will end with recommendations for partnering with people living with ADRD and applying the Appreciative Inquiry method at Stage 0. We will also discuss how our findings help to re-define living well with purpose and ADRD, and to refine the Healthy Lifestyle Course, a novel community-based resource that shows promise for bolstering purpose in this population.
LET’S TALK TECH: NAVIGATING TECHNOLOGY USE DECISIONS AND AN INDIRECT ROUTE TO MECHANISTIC RESEARCH
Authors: Berridge Clara 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Grounded in the Theory of Dyadic Illness Management, Let’s Talk Tech is the first tool to support informed, shared decision making about a range of technologies commonly used in dementia care. This presentation will describe the non-linear pathway taken to incorporate SOBC to examine the mechanisms and outcomes of Let’s Talk Tech. In a Stage 1A pilot with people living with mild Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and care partners, 88% of recruited dyads (n=29 dyads) completed 100% of the self-administered intervention delivered as a web-application. This pilot established promising preliminary feasibility and efficacy on post-test outcomes, with statistically significant improvements in care partner preparedness to make decisions about technology use, knowledge of the person living with AD’s preferences, alignment, mutual understanding, and understanding of each featured technology category, as well as improvements for two categories for people living with AD. Strong interview themes clarified person-centered outcomes and surfaced additional potential mechanisms of change. By completing the intervention, all dyads developed a documented summary of the person living with AD’s choices, available for future reference and updating. Participants wanted to share these choices beyond the dyads to prevent familial conflict and obtain technology use support from their broader care networks. A Stage 1A study through the Penn AITC enabled enhancements responsive to this feedback, including electronic person-directed sharing of the documented choices using FHIR and the SMART Health Links protocol. A current Stage1B study is powered to evaluate the impact of LTT on an expanded set of hypothesized mechanisms and outcomes.
ACTIVITY DIVERSITY ASSOCIATED WITH INCOME LEVEL AMONG US ADULTS BUT LESS SO FOR RACIAL/ETHNIC MINORITIES
Authors: Santos-Lozada Alexis , Lee Soomi 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Active lifestyle is a key to healthy aging. Emerging research has shown that individuals with greater activity diversity are happier and healthier. Activity diversity, defined as the breadth and evenness of activity engagement across different types, may also allow opportunities to build human capital. This study examined whether activity diversity is associated with family income and its interaction with race/ethnicity. Data come from adults (n=115,771; Mage=45.62; 51% female; 37% racial/ethnic minorities) who participated in the American Time Use Survey between 2011 and 2022, excluding for 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. An activity diversity index was calculated as conceptualized by Blau, using responses to a time-use questionnaire that covered all activities in which the respondent participated during the previous day. Generalized linear models revealed higher income to be associated with higher activity diversity. Further, there were differences in family income and activity diversity by race/ethnicity. Compared to non-Hispanic whites, racial/ethnic minorities reported earning less and engaging in less diverse activities. Moreover, the association between activity diversity and family income was moderated by race/ethnicity, such that higher family income was not as predictive of activity diversity among racial/ethnic minorities as it was among non-Hispanic Whites. Findings suggest that activity diversity may not only indicate one’s lifestyle, but also relate to one’s resources and capacity to explore new things in their life. Less resources available for racial/ethnic minorities may limit their opportunity to engage in diverse activities thought to improve human capital.