bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental study on evaporation of droplets in microgravity and in the presence of electric field
Authors: Garivalis Alekos Ioannis , Di Marco Paolo , Dehaeck Sam , Rednikov Alexey , Colinet Pierre 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
One of the key limiting factors in the evaporation rate of sessile droplets is the evacuation of the generated vapour away from the liquid-air interface. In the absence of convection, the main driving mechanism is the vapour diffusivity: as mass diffusion is quite a slow process, this generally leads to small evaporation rates. For liquids with a heavy vapour, natural convection induced by density gradients in the vapour cloud can increase the evaporation rate significantly on ground. Nevertheless, this effect is absent in space and one therefore has to find alternative mechanisms to accelerate evaporation. The electric field may induce some convection and influence evaporation. This work describes experiments regarding evaporation of droplets in microgravity conditions performed during a sounding rocket campaign in June 2019. Microgravity allows to exclude the contribution of natural convection that otherwise prevails on the other effects. The electric field produces a clear change in the vapour concentration distribution surrounding the droplet and an increase of the evaporation rate with respect the case with no electric field. Moreover, in the absence of electric field, the Marangoni convection in the liquid has an effect on the vapour cloud too, preventing the pure diffusive behaviour.
Estimates of ozone concentrations and attributable mortality in urban, peri-urban and rural areas worldwide in 2019
Authors: Malashock Daniel A , DeLang Marissa N , Becker Jacob S , Serre Marc L , West J Jason , Chang Kai-Lan , Cooper Owen R , Anenberg Susan C 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
City-level estimates of ambient ozone concentrations and associated disease burdens are sparsely available, especially for low and middle-income countries. Recently available high-resolution gridded global ozone concentration estimates allow for estimating ozone concentrations and mortality at urban scales and for urban-rural catchment areas worldwide. We applied existing fine resolution global surface ozone estimates, developed by integrating observations (8834 sites globally) with nine atmospheric chemistry models, in an epidemiologically-derived health impact function to estimate chronic respiratory disease mortality worldwide in 2019. We compared ozone season daily maximum 8 h mixing ratio concentrations and ozone-attributable mortality for urban areas worldwide (including cities and densely-populated towns), and their surrounding peri-urban, peri-rural, and rural areas. In 2019, population-weighted mean ozone among all urban-rural catchment areas was greatest in peri-urban areas (52 ppb), followed by urban areas (cities and towns; 49 ppb). Of 423 100 estimated global ozone-attributable deaths, 37% (147 100) occurred in urban areas, where 40% of the world’s population resides, and 56% (254 000) occurred in peri-urban areas (<1 h from an urban area), where 47% of the world’s population resides. Across 12 946 cities (excluding towns), average population-weighted mean ozone was 51 ppb (sd = 13 ppb, range = 10–78 ppb). Three quarters of the ozone-attributable deaths worldwide (77%; 112 700) occurred in cities of South and East Asia. City-level ozone-attributable mortality rates varied by a factor of 10 across world regions. Ozone levels and attributable mortality were greatest in Asian and African cities; however, cities of higher-income regions, like high-income Asia Pacific and North America, continue to experience high ozone concentrations and attributable mortality rates, despite successful national air quality measures for reducing ozone precursor emissions. The disproportionate magnitude of ozone mortality compared with population size in peri-urban areas indicates that reducing ozone precursor emissions in places that influence peri-urban concentrations can yield substantial health benefits in these areas.
Potential heat-risk avoidance from nationally determined emission reductions targets in the future
Authors: Wang Fang , Zheng Biao , Zhang Jintao , Zhou Yuyu , Jia Mingrui 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The increasing heat stress from the combined effect of changes such as temperature and humidity in the context of global change receives growing concerns. However, there is limited information for future changes in heat stress, as well as its potential socioeconomic impact, under the intended nationally determined mitigation scenarios. This study established an efficient evaluation method to quantify the benefits from the potential heat stress reduction from a continued intended nationally determined contributions (INDC) mitigation effort. The future heat stress over global land, quantified by the wet bulb globe temperature, was investigated based on the temperature sensitivity approach and multi-model simulations from the latest generation global climate models. The INDC continuous-effort scenario and the delayed-effort scenario, as well as the target-control scenarios of 2 °C warming, were compared. We found that with the delayed mitigation efforts, the increase in frequency, duration, and cumulative intensity of extreme heat stress relative to the INDC continuous-effort scenario in the late 21st century could reach to 113%, 193%, and 212%, respectively. If more ambitious efforts above current INDC pledges were implemented to achieve the 2 °C global temperature goal, the corresponding avoided impact of heat stress frequency, duration, and cumulative intensity in the late 21st century was estimated to be 32%, 37%, and 40%, respectively. Future changes in heat stress in low latitudes, where most developing countries are located, are most sensitive to emission reduction. Our results highlighted the potential avoided heat stress-related impact of global warming from efforts towards climate change mitigation.
Invariants and reduced Wigner coefficients for quasi-triangular Hopf superalgebras
Authors: Gould Mark D , Isaac Phillip S , Werry Jason L 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
We develop explicit formulae for the eigenvalues of various invariants for highest weight irreducible representations of the quantum supergroup U

q
[gl(m|n)]. The techniques employed make use of modified characteristic identity methods and allow for the evaluation of generator matrix elements and reduced Wigner coefficients.
A branching random-walk model of disease outbreaks and the percolation backbone
Authors: de Oliveira Paulo Murilo C , Stariolo Daniel A , Arenzon Jeferson J 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The size and shape of the region affected by an outbreak is relevant to understand the dynamics of a disease and help to organize future actions to mitigate similar events. A simple extension of the SIR model is considered, where agents diffuse on a regular lattice and the disease may be transmitted when an infected and a susceptible agents are nearest neighbors. We study the geometric properties of both the connected cluster of sites visited by infected agents (outbreak cluster) and the set of clusters with sites that have not been visited. By changing the density of agents, our results show that there is a mixed-order (hybrid) transition separating a phase where the outbreak cluster is finite from the other one where it percolates through the system. Moreover, the outbreak cluster seems to have the same exponents of the backbone of the critical cluster of the ordinary percolation while the clusters with unvisited sites have a size distribution with a Fisher exponent τ < 2.
Eigenfunction non-orthogonality factors and the shape of CPA-like dips in a single-channel reflection from lossy chaotic cavities
Authors: Fyodorov Yan V , Osman Mohammed 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Motivated by the phenomenon of coherent perfect absorption, we study the shape of the deepest dips in the frequency-dependent single-channel reflection of waves from a cavity with spatially uniform losses. We show that it is largely determined by non-orthogonality factors O

nn
of the eigenmodes associated with the non-selfadjoint effective Hamiltonian. For cavities supporting chaotic ray dynamics we then use random matrix theory to derive, fully non-perturbatively, the explicit distribution of the non-orthogonality factors for systems with both broken and preserved time reversal symmetry. The results imply that O

nn
are heavy-tail distributed. As a by-product, we derive an explicit non-perturbative expression for the resonance density in a single-channel chaotic systems in a much simpler form than available in the literature.
Heat transport and cooling performance in a nanomechanical system with local and non local interactions
Authors: Beraha N , Soba A , Carusela M F 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In the present work, we study heat transport through a one dimensional time-dependent nanomechanical system. The microscopic model consists of coupled chains of atoms, considering local and non-local interactions between particles. We show that the system presents different stationary transport regimes depending on the driving frequency, temperature gradients and the degree of locality of the interactions. In one of these regimes, the system operates as a phonon refrigerator, and its cooling performance is analyzed. Based on a low frequency approach, we show that non-locality and its interplay with dissipation cause a decrease in cooling capacity. The results are obtained numerically by means of the Keldysh non-equilibrium Green’s function formalism.
Physical properties of superconducting Ca10(Pt4As8)((Fe0.92Pt0.08)2As2)5 crystal and comprehensive cognition on the transition temperature for Ca10-3(4)-8
Authors: Wu Dapeng , Zhai Yingying , Chen Zhen , Zhu Henan , Huang Yanru , Song Zhaoyuan , Liu Xin , Sheng Hao , Liu Songyang , Chen Miaochao , Wang Mingyang , Li Qing 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Superconducting single crystal of Ca10(Pt4As8)((Fe0.92Pt0.08)2As2)5 has been prepared using flux method, and the physical properties of which are careful examined. Resistivity anisotropy between ab plane and c-axis is observed, T
−0.5 term originated from the interlayer Josephson coupling is essential to be added to the formula used to describe the out-of-plane resistivity. The density of state (DOS) value at Fermi level derived from the fitting of specific heat data is consistent with the calculation results. Both direct and indirect platinum doping effect have influences on the superconducting transition temperature (Tc) of Ca 10-3(4)-8 system, the Tc of our sample falls well into the trend strip formed by the data reported previously.
Aqueous ruthenium detection by microwave-assisted laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy
Authors: ABU KASIM Abu Farhan , WAKIL M A , GRANT Kevin , HEARN Milton , ALWAHABI Zeyad T 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Aqueous ruthenium was detected in real-time under ambient conditions using microwave-assisted laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (MW-LIBS). A 10 mJ laser energy and 750 W microwave power were directed at an open liquid jet sample of ruthenium. It was observed that, for liquid flow, the coupling efficiency between the microwave and the laser-induced plasma was limited to 43%. The improvement in the ruthenium’s signal-to-noise ratio with MW-LIBS, with respect to LIBS, was 76-fold. Based on MW-LIBS, the limit of detection for aqueous ruthenium was determined to be 957 ± 84 ppb.
On the connection between quantum pseudorandomness and quantum hardware assumptions
Authors: Doosti Mina , Kumar Niraj , Kashefi Elham , Chakraborty Kaushik 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This paper, for the first time, addresses the questions related to the connections between quantum pseudorandomness and quantum hardware assumptions, specifically quantum physical unclonable functions (qPUFs). Our results show that efficient pseudorandom quantum states (PRS) are sufficient to construct the challenge set for universally unforgeable qPUFs, improving the previous existing constructions based on the Haar-random states. We also show that both the qPUFs and the quantum pseudorandom unitaries (PRUs) can be constructed from each other, providing new ways to obtain PRS from the hardware assumptions. Moreover, we provide a sufficient condition (in terms of the diamond norm) that a set of unitaries should have to be a PRU in order to construct a universally unforgeable qPUF, giving yet another novel insight into the properties of the PRUs. Later, as an application of our results, we show that the efficiency of an existing qPUF-based client–server identification protocol can be improved without losing the security requirements of the protocol.
Quantifying impact and response in markets using information filtering networks
Authors: Seabrook Isobel , Caccioli Fabio , Aste Tomaso 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
We present a novel methodology to quantify the ‘impact’ of and ‘response’ to market shocks. We apply shocks to a group of stocks in a part of the market, and we quantify the effects in terms of average losses on another part of the market using a sparse probabilistic elliptical model for the multivariate return distribution of the whole market. Sparsity is introduced with an L
0-norm regularization, which forces to zero some elements of the inverse covariance according to a dependency structure inferred from an information filtering network. Our study concerns the FTSE 100 and 250 markets and analyzes impact and response to shocks both applied to and received from individual stocks and group of stocks. We observe that the shock pattern is related to the structure of the network associated with the sparse structure of the inverse covariance of stock log-returns. Central sectors appear more likely to be affected by shocks, and stocks with a large level of underlying diversification have a larger impact on the rest of the market when experiencing shocks. By analyzing the system during times of crisis and comparative market calmness, we observe changes in the shock patterns with a convergent behavior in times of crisis.
The Positive Patient Experience: A Comprehensive Analysis of Plastic Surgery Online Reviews
Authors: Chang Irene A , Wells Michael W , Chang Ian A , Arquette Connor P , Tang Cathy J , Gatherwright James R , Furnas Heather J 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Background
Subjective online physician evaluation is an important component of patient decision-making. Understanding reviews may improve satisfaction and build positive online reputation.

Objectives
The aim of this study was to analyze and compare the top predictive factors driving patient satisfaction across the most popular plastic surgery procedures.

Methods
Online reviews were analyzed from RealSelf, Yelp, and Google for the 5 highest-rated plastic surgeons in 6 US metropolitan areas. Blank, non-English, consultation, duplicate, and unrelated reviews were excluded. Data from free-text reviews included physician rating, patient-reported reasons for rating, procedure, and complications. Univariate analysis was performed to compare predictive factors of online ratings.

Results
In total, 11,078 reviews were included. RealSelf had the highest average rating (4.77), and Yelp had the lowest (4.66). Reviews in Miami, Philadelphia, New York City, and Chicago were mostly published on RealSelf, whereas Houston and Los Angeles mostly used Google and Yelp, respectively. Reconstructive procedures were rated significantly higher than cosmetic procedures (P = 0.035). Aesthetic appearance was the strongest predictor of rating across all procedures. Buccal fat removal (98.8%) and abdominoplasty (98.1%) had the highest satisfaction, and Brazilian butt lift had the lowest (88.2%) (P &lt; 0.001). Additional significant contributors included staff interaction, bedside manner, health outcomes, complications, and postoperative care (P &lt; 0.001).

Conclusions
Although aesthetic outcome is an important predictor of satisfaction, other aspects of care, such as bedside manner and staff interaction, provide an important foundation of support. Excellent patient-surgeon communication and postoperative care may mitigate patient dissatisfaction and elicit high-satisfaction online patient reviews.
Tschimganine has different targets for chronological lifespan extension and growth inhibition in fission yeast
Authors: Ohtsuka Hokuto , Matsumoto Takuma , Mochida Takahiro , Shimasaki Takafumi , Shibuya Masatoshi , Yamamoto Yoshihiko , Aiba Hirofumi 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT
Tschimganine inhibits growth and extends the chronological lifespan in Schizosaccharomyces pombe. We synthesized a Tschimganine analog, Mochimganine, which extends the lifespan similar to Tschimganine but exhibits a significantly weaker growth inhibition effect. Based on the comparative analysis of these compounds, we propose that Tschimganine has at least 2 targets: one extends the lifespan and the other inhibits growth.
miR-26a-5p and miR-125b-5p affect trophoblast genes and cell functions important during early pregnancy
Authors: Szuszkiewicz Joanna , Nitkiewicz Anna , Drzewiecka Klaudia , Kaczmarek Monika M 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe most critical stage of pregnancy is embryo implantation, which relies on the synchronized developmental capacity of the embryo and uterine receptivity to implantation. In early pregnancy, conceptus and uterus release several factors enabling successful implantation and placentation. Molecules involved in embryo-maternal crosstalk include, but are not limited to, hormones, growth factors, and cytokines. The discovery of microRNAs (small non-coding RNAs regulating gene expression) has revolutionized our understanding of many biological processes, including pregnancy. To date, numerous miRNAs have been detected in different species during pregnancy, both at the endometrial and embryonic sites. Thus, microRNAs are considered important regulators of early pregnancy events. Here, we report miR-26a-5p and miR-125b-5p effects on human and pig trophoblast cell function. Both microRNAs change the level of several genes and proteins important for proper embryo development. Moreover, miR-26a-5p stimulates porcine trophoblast proliferation and has a negative impact on its affinity to laminin. However, miR-125b-5p decreases porcine trophoblast cell migration. Our studies suggest that miR-26a-5p and miR-125b-5p can affect early pregnancy functions by regulating genes and processes important for proper conceptuses’ development and progression through the implantation process.
The Revolutionary Social Worker in Palestine: Living the Challenge of Colonialism through Non-violent Resistance—the Struggles of Munther Amira
Authors: McKendrick David , Duarte Filipe 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This article explores Munther Amira’s ‘Pedagogy of Revolution’, a unique approach of non-violent resistance that adopts the pedagogy of Paulo Freire and global social work values and principles, for educating, empowering and mobilising Palestinian refugees living in the Westbank, as a means for liberation from the oppression imposed by Israel’s military occupation. The article begins by charting the history of Palestine, locating it as a place of violent upheaval and colonial occupation. It also pays particular attention to Britain’s role in abandoning the Palestinian people describing how this decision contributed to the continuing unrest and violence in the region. Using narrative inquiry methods, and by deploying a lens of contemporary social theory, the article provides a deeper understanding of the lived experiences of Palestinian refugees through the lived experiences of Munther Amira, a Palestinian refugee, social worker and human rights defender. It concludes by showing that regardless of the exceptionalism (or otherwise) of the environment, globally social work should align itself with the defence of human rights through non-violence resistance and, as a matter of urgency, should adopt what we describe as a ‘Pedagogy of Revolution’.
Fulminant Delta COVID-19 myocarditis: a case report of fatal primary cardiac dysfunction
Authors: Thomson Alistair , Totaro Richard , Cooper Wendy , Dennis Mark 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Background
Whilst myocarditis or myocardial injury due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection is commonly reported, profound primary cardiac dysfunction requiring mechanical circulatory support, with the development of fulminant myocarditis prior to respiratory failure, is rarely described. The endomyocardial biopsy (EMB) findings in these patients is seldom reported, the findings are varied, and effective treatment unknown.

Case summary
A 39-year-old female with no significant past medical history and confirmed Delta variant coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection (Day 3), presented with a 1 day history of diarrhoea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. The patient denied respiratory symptoms and chest X-ray was clear. Lactate level was 6.3, initial troponin T 118 ng/L. Despite resuscitation, the patient significantly deteriorated in the emergency department, resulting in pulseless electrical activity arrest requiring veno-arterial extra-corporeal membrane oxygenation cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Over the following 36 h, cardiac function deteriorated to near-complete left ventricular (LV) standstill. Coronary angiography revealed normal coronary arteries with slow flow. Endomyocardial biopsy showed diffuse interstitial macrophage infiltrate and small vessel thromboses. Left ventricular function did not improve over the following 7 days, and despite treatment with tocilizumab, high-dose steroids, and intravenous immunoglobulin, she eventually died due to disease-related complications.

Discussion
Primary cardiac dysfunction secondary to COVID-19 infection is rarely reported. Little is known about the incidence, natural history, and pathophysiology of fulminant COVID-19 myocarditis. We present the most severe case of cardiac dysfunction due to COVID-19 reported in a young patient without respiratory compromise who never recovered from any cardiac function.
Tracing long-distance electron transfer and cable bacteria in freshwater sediments by agar pillar gradient columns
Authors: Sachs Corinna , Kanaparthi Dheeraj , Kublik Susanne , Szalay Anna Roza , Schloter Michael , Damgaard Lars Riis , Schramm Andreas , Lueders Tillmann 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Cable bacteria (CB) perform electrogenic sulfur oxidation (e-SOx) by spatially separating redox half reactions over centimetre distances. For freshwater systems, the ecology of CB is not yet well understood, partly because they proved difficult to cultivate. This study introduces a new ‘agar pillar’ approach to selectively enrich and investigate CB populations. Within sediment columns, a central agar pillar is embedded, providing a sediment-free gradient system in equilibrium with the surrounding sediment. We incubated freshwater sediments from a streambed, a sulfidic lake and a hydrocarbon-polluted aquifer in such agar pillar columns. Microprofiling revealed typical patterns of e-SOx, such as the development of a suboxic zone and the establishment of electric potentials. The bacterial communities in the sediments and agar pillars were analysed over depth by PacBio near-full-length 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, allowing for a precise phylogenetic placement of taxa detected. The selective niche of the agar pillar was preferentially colonized by CB related to Candidatus Electronema for surface water sediments, including several potentially novel species, but not for putative groundwater CB affiliated with Desulfurivibrio spp. The presence of CB was seemingly linked to co-enriched fermenters, hinting at a possible role of e-SOx populations as an electron sink for heterotrophic microbes. These findings add to our current understanding of the diversity and ecology of CB in freshwater systems, and to a discrimination of CB from surface and groundwater sediments. The agar pillar approach provides a new strategy that may facilitate the cultivation of redox gradient-dependent microorganisms, including previously unrecognized CB populations.