bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlation between the stress scale with cortisol levels in leprosy patients
Authors: Nazli Putri Astrid Novianti , Lubis Syahril Rahmat , Khairina Khairina 
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Leprosy is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae (M. leprae) that causes a complex problem. Stress can trigger several physiological responses, including the endocrine, nervous, and immune systems. In leprosy patients, stimulation in the form of infection and cytokine secretion lasts a long time, causing adrenal exhaustion, resulting in decreased serum cortisol production. This study aims to determine the correlation between the stress scale and cortisol levels in leprosy patients.Methods: This was a cross-sectional analytic correlation study with a consecutive sampling method. The research subjects were obtained from the Dermatology and Venereology Polyclinic of Universitas Sumatera Utara Hospital and the Dermatology and Venereology Polyclinic of Dr. Pirngadi Hospital Medan from March until November 2020. The research variables consisted of a stress scale and cortisol levels. Data analysis using the Spearman test. P-value <0.05 was significant. The study was conducted after approval from the Ethics Committee Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatra Utara.Result: A total of 35 patients enrolled in the study, the majority had characteristics of the male gender, multibacillary type of leprosy, duration of leprosy in the group > 12 months, with a median age of 36 (19 - 79) years. The mean stress scale was 15.17 ± 6.3, with the mild stress scale was the most common. The median cortisol levels were 9.5 (4 – 20,8) g/dl, which was still in the low category. The lowest median cortisol levels were found in the multibacillary type of leprosy, duration of leprosy in the group > 12 months, and severe stress scale. There was a significant moderate negative correlation between the stress scale and cortisol levels in leprosy patients (p = 0.017; r = -0.402).Conclusion: The heavier the stress scale, the lower the cortisol levels in leprosy patients.
Analysis of malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in skin tags patients
Authors: Ridlo Muhammad , Putra Imam Budi , Jusuf Nelva Karmila 
Published: February 2022

Â Background: Skin tags (known as acrochordon) are the most common benign skin tumors, usually skin-colored or hyperpigmented, found in the natural folds of the skin. They have been associated with various clinical conditions. A few studies results have been reported regarding the oxidative stress are strongly associated with skin tumor. Malondialdehyde (MDA) is an end product of lipid peroxidation by free radicals in the body. MDA assay is widely used as a biomarker to evaluate systemic oxidative stress in biomedical fields. This study evaluated the difference in serum MDA level in skin tags patients and controlMethods: This study is an analytic observational study with a cross-sectional design, including 40 patients with skin tags and 40 healthy volunteer controls, based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Age, sex, and family history of skin tags were estimated on the patients. Diagnosis of skin tags was made based on history and clinical examination. Measurement of MDA level by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to the patients and controls. Mann- Whitney test is used to determine the differences in serum MDA levels. The results were significant, with a p-value <0.05.Results: Mean MDA level of skin tags patients was highest at age 50â€“ 59 years (27,01 Â± 10,87 nmol/ml). The mean MDA level of male skin tag patients (15,99 Â± 8,23 nmol/ml) was higher than females (15,23 Â± 8,17 nmol/ml). The mean MDA level of skin tag patients with a family history (19,77Â± 7,92 nmol/ml) was higher compared to patients without a family history (11,82 Â± 8,48 nmol/ml). The mean of MDA level was significantly higher in the skin tags group (15,81 Â± 8,23 nmol/ml) than the control group (8,86Â± 7,02ng/ml) with p = 0.032.Conclusion: There were higher significant differences in serum MDA levels in the skin tags patients than in control.
Evaluation of patient's daily activities with Free Non-Vascularized Fibular Head Graft (FNVFHG) as a treatment after resection of proximal humeral tumors
Authors: Johan Muhammad Phetrus , Yurianto Henry , Firdaus Roichan Mochammad , Mubarak Andi Firman , Putra Luky Tandio , Kurniawan Tri 
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Free non-vascularized fibular head graft (FNVFHG) is a method in handling bone defect after wide resection of the tumor.Methods: This study used descriptive research with the sample of three cases of proximal humeral giant cell tumor that underwent bone resection and reconstructed with a free non-vascularized fibular head graft. The outcomes were measured by the Musculoskeletal Tumor Society (MSTS) score, range of motion of the shoulder, and activity of daily living.Results:Â The overall MSTS score of 3 patients was 73%. Two patients were able to perform all the shoulder motions, including flexion, extension, abduction, external rotation, internal rotation with limited range of motion, while the other patient could only perform restricted internal rotation. Two patients performed all of their daily activities with the affected extremity, including personal hygiene (tooth brushing), writing, eating, holding a glass, dressing, and riding a motorcycle. In contrast, the other patient encountered difficulty performing tooth brushing and self-feeding with the affected extremity, using the contralateral upper extremity.Conclusions: Free non-vascularized fibular head graft may serve as an option in handling bone defect after wide resection of musculoskeletal tumor at the proximal humerus. This method can be safely performed with an acceptable functional outcome.
Prevalence of stress, anxiety and depression among Indonesian immigrant workers in Malaysia
Authors: Siregar Pinta Pudiyanti , Sutan Rosnah , Baharudin Azlin 
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Being apart from family to work in a new environment requires sacrifice and endeavor to adapt to the foreign surroundings and, therefore, may cause perturbation and tension. The present study aimed to assess mental health problems among Indonesian women migrant workers in Peninsular Malaysia and their associated factors.Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted in three representatives of the Indonesian Government in Peninsular Malaysia: Indonesian Embassy in Kuala Lumpur and the Indonesian Consulate General in Johor Baharu and Penang. The target population was every Indonesian women worker who fulfils the inclusion criteria: reproductive age (18-45 years), legal workers, and stay in Malaysia for 12 months. A validated Indonesian Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS21) questionnaire used has Cronbach's alpha of 0.95. Result: A total of 589 respondents participated with granted consent. The measurement of the prevalence of stress, anxiety and depression among workers was reported to be 151 (25.6%), 308 (52.3%) and 139 (23.6%), respectively. The multivariate logistic regression analysis found that younger age, longer working hours a day, and having reproductive health problems were significant predictors of negative emotional states.Conclusion: Early screening to identify risk groups at works helps reduction of mental health incidence.
Radiological union analysis of femoral shaft aseptic nonunion after failed plate and screw convert to reaming intramedullary solid locking nail
Authors: Lengkong Andriessanto Ceelvin , Saleh M. Ruksal , Yurianto Henry , Putra Luky Tandio 
Published: February 2022

Background: Non-united fracture shaft of the femur after plate fixation is a common problem. Management of this problem is still controversial. There are many methods for treating femoral shaft aseptic nonunions with a broken implant which conversion to reaming solid intramedullary nail is one of the procedures. However, the reported success rate varies. This study aimed to evaluate bone healing, especially callus formation, radiologically after nonunion reconstruction using intramedullary nailing reamingMethod: This study is a cross-sectional retrospective case analysis presenting 22 patients with the patient's age was 15 to 50 years old who underwent operation procedures managed by removing the hardware and converting to reaming solid intramedullary locking nail with or without autogenous iliac bone graft for at least six months. The bone healing process was assessed by serial plain radiography every six weeks using the Callus Index method.Results: Conversion to reaming solid intramedullary nailing after nonunion with broken implant gives union rate 95%. Among 22 patients, one patient persisted in nonunion, and two patients experience delayed union. The Callus index of Fracture location (P=0,043) significantly affected index callus formation (P<0.05); The fracture location, whereas fracture classification (P=0,365), nonunion type (P=0,398), and bone graft (P=0,510) did not significantly affect index callus formation (P>0.05). There was no significant difference in time to the solid union between patients with or without iliac autogenous bone graft. Proximal third nonunion affects the time to solid union. No significant complications were noted.Conclusion: Nonunion reconstruction using solid reaming nail at both types nonunion gives a solid union. Solid union achieves with or without bone graft.
Staged modified Charles procedure on stage III lymphedema of lower limb: safe and effective: a case report
Authors: Yasa Ketut Putu , Ningrum Nurmalia Fitria , Samsarga Gde Wara , Hamid Agus Roy Rusly Hariantana 
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Lymphedema of lower limb or elephantiasis is debilitating condition causes quality of life impairment, physical, mental, and social burdens. Surgical techniques of lymphedema are physiologic therapy and excisional procedure, one of them is Charles procedure. Currently, surgical approach controversies remain. This case report aims to present Staged Modified Charles Procedure on stage III lymphedema of lower limb, other excisional procedure techniques. Case description: A Male, 43 years old, complain enlargement of left leg since 18 years ago, his leg was bigger and heavier gradually with intermittent pain until he got difficult to walk. History of trauma, or previous surgery was denied. There were lymphostatic elephantiasis, non-pitting edema with skin changes (acanthosis, increase in thickness, fat deposition, and fibrosis) on physical examination. The patient was diagnosed as lymphedema stage III. Modified Charles's procedure consisted of two-stage tissue excision, negative pressure wound therapy, and delayed skin graft. There were no fluid or blood loss, and infection, obtained 95% of skin graft take, good wound healing, and maximum soft tissue reduction. Histomorphologically supports the diagnosis of elephantiasis. Conclusion: Staged modified Charles procedure on stage III lymphedema of lower limb are safe and effective treatment, provide maximum tissue reduction, with excellent skin graft and wound healing, without fluid and blood loss, or infection.
The characteristics of mandibular fractures in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia
Authors: Subyakto Yoarina , Sjamsudin Endang , Adiantoro Seto 
Published: February 2022

Background: Mandibular fractures may lead to several complications, including infection, nonunion, malunion, and temporomandibular joint ankylosis. The incidence of mandibular fractures is quite common in maxillofacial trauma. The characteristics of mandible fractures could be different among countries concerning the condition of the population. The etiological differences depend on age, demographic patterns of a country, environmental conditions, social conditions, socioeconomic status and cultural configuration. This study aimed to perceive the characteristic of mandibular fractures among patients attending The Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital during 2017- 2020.Methods: This study was a retrospective descriptive study. Samples included medical records of patients with mandibular fractures attending The Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital during January 2017- December 2020. Samples were chosen using inclusion and exclusion criteria. The characteristics of mandibular fracture were based on gender, fracture etiology, mandibular fracture location, and treatment.Results: This study presented that the incidence of mandibular fracture rate was higher in males with 284 cases (82.08%) than females with 62 cases (17.92%) with a ratio of 4.5 to 1. Based on age, mandibular fractures were often found in the adult age group (20-60 years old) with 215 cases (62.14%). The most common etiology was road traffic accidents, with 287 cases (82.95%). Parasymphisis region was the most common site of mandibular fracture with 94 cases (25.26%). Most treatments performed were open reduction internal fixation with 199 cases (57.51%).Conclusion: Mandibular fracture characteristics vary considerably among different study populations depending on demographic characteristics and socioeconomic status. The most frequent mandibular fracture site in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung was the parasymphisis region in a young adult age group.
The prevalence of parasitic gastrointestinal infection and hygiene knowledge in elementary school children in Boyolali district
Authors: Wijayanti Lilik , Sari Yulia , Marufah Siti , Listyaningsih S Endang , Haryati Sri 
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Currently, the integrated data regarding the prevalence of gastrointestinal parasitic infections in Central Java is still lacking particularly, the Simo district which considered to have the second lowest percentage of clean and healthy living habits (60.25%) in Boyolali Regency. Therefore, an estimation of the prevalence of intestinal protozoan and helminth infections are crucial in order to formulate a proper community intervention especially in elementary school children in Boyolali.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using total sampling method and involving first to sixth-grade elementary schoolchildren. Stool specimens were examined using direct, modified Ziehl–Neelsen and Kato staining methods. All of the data were compiled and analyzed using chi square test.Results: Among 127 participants, 17 students (13.58%) were infected with intestinal protozoans and 13 students (10.24%) were infected with helminth. The age ranged from 6 to 14 years old. The most frequent protozoan parasite detected was B. hominis (11.80%) while the most frequent helminth detected was A. lumbricoides (5.51%).Conclusion : In conclusion, there was a considerable helminth and protozoa infection among students in Simo region. Further and wider studies are needed to confirm these findings.
Correlation between the mobility of the above cage and the below thorax cage toward the elderly lung vital capacity
Authors: Parwata I Made Yoga , Nyandra Made , Yoda I Ketut , Suputra Putu Adi , Wijaya I Putu Darma , Kharismawan Putu Mulya , Suryawan Adi , Dei Agustinus 
Published: February 2022

Background: The elderly will experience changes and decreases in all their body systems; one of them is the respiratory system. The changes that occur are a decrease in respiratory muscle mass and tone, which will affect the reduction of thorax expansion. This can be observed in the elderly lung's vital capacity. This study aims to find out the correlation between the mobility of the thorax cage and the lung's vital capacity.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 20 elderlies consists of 10 males and 10 females. Measurements use the midline to measure the mobility of the thorax cage and a spirometer to measure the capacity of lungs vital. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20 for Windows.Results: The research data were normally distributed based on the results of the Shapiro Wilk test. The respondents have an average age of 68.40±5.78 years old, followed by upper expansion of lung (86.25±7.51 cm), lower expansion of lung (79.20±7.24 cm), and lung vital capacity (1.18±4.17 L). Based on the multiple correlation test, it was found that there was a strong positive significant correlation (r=0.784; p= 0.000) between upper and lower thorax cage mobility on the elderly lung vital capacity.Conclusion: There is a strong correlation between upper and lower thorax cage mobility on the elderly lung vital capacity.
The role of tele-education in conveying COVID-19 patient's death to family members
Authors: Kristanto Erwin Gidion , Sugiharto Ade Firmansyah , Nurkolis Fahrul 
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Deaths due to the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) infection in Indonesia continue to increase each day. Limiting patient contact with family and health workers directly in the inpatient room can raise suspicion and complaints from the patient's family being treated. The risk of medical disputes can also arise due to the limited fulfillment of obtaining information from the patient or family. This study aims to highlight the role of hospital-assisted Tele-education in conveying information to family members regarding the death of their loved ones.Methods: This study is a descriptive quantitative study by taking secondary data from medical records and quality committee data in hospitals to compare patient complaints that arise before and after hospital tele-education policy in COVID-19 cases at Prof.dr.R.D Kandou hospital. Results: Tele-education implementation appears to increase. From 14.43% in the first month of implementation to 80.46%, after the policy was set at the end of the 6th month. The number of complaints related to patients hospitalized due to COVID-19 before the use of virtual education in the patient's family was 18.26%, and in cases where patients died, family complaints before the use of virtual education had a mean of 39.1%. After implementing the policy, the complaint rate for patients being treated fell to an average of 5.06%, and in deceased cases, the complaint rate decreased to an average of 8.95%. Conclusion: The number of cases that using virtual education increased each month, and the peak was in December 2020; meanwhile the lowest percentage was in July 2020. The use of virtual media in delivering family information and education reduces the barriers that are formed due to hospitalization in isolation rooms.
The effectiveness of length of disinfection on Pandanus conoideus Lam’s extract in polyvinyl siloxane impression
Authors: Purbasari I Gusti Ayu Kade Ira , Rikmasari Rasmi , Kusumadewi An-Nissa 
Published: February 2022

Background: Polyvinyl siloxane has been used by prosthodontists as the impression material for its acceptable dimension stability. Polyvinyl siloxane impression with blood and saliva on it contains bacteria colonization. It has to be disinfected by a disinfectant solution to avoid cross-transmission from patients to the dentist, assistant, and laboratory technician. Nowadays, herbal plant like red fruit (Pandanus conoideus Lam) is utilized as natural disinfection material. Aim: This study examines the effectiveness of length of disinfection on Pandanus conoideus Lam in polyvinyl siloxane impression. Method: Thisstudyinvolved four groups (twenty-four teeth impressions) of participants from the Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Padjadjaran. The first group was disinfected by Pandanus conoideus Lam’s extract 6% for five minutes, ten minutes for the second group, twelve minutes for the third group, and fifteen minutes for the fourth group. Each impression was swabbed before and after being disinfected, planted in Brain Heart Infusion (BHI)agar as the media, incubated for twenty-four hours, and the results of bacteria colonization were counted. Data analysis was evaluated applying paired-t-test in each impression.Result: There were significant decreases in bacteria colonization numbers between the data before and after the disinfection. The most significant one was found in ten minutes provocation. Conclusion: Disinfection by Pandanus conoideus Lam’s extract 6% is effective within the range of five to ten minutes and also effective to be used as natural disinfection material for polyvinyl siloxane. The most effective length of disinfection is ten minutes.
The comparison of diagnostic accuracy of risk of malignancy index to IOTA simple rules in diagnosing adnexal masses
Authors: Mongan Suzanna Patricia , Sutandar Yosep , Laihad Bismarck Joel 
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Ovarian cancer is one of the top three deadliest cancer in women and diagnosing this disease still leaves some challenges to overcome. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the diagnostic accuracy of the Risk of Malignancy Index (RMI) to International Ovarian Tumor Analysis (IOTA) simple rules in adnexal masses. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted involving 29 patients diagnosed with ovarian tumors. RMI and IOTA Simple Rules were determined preoperatively and compared with histopathology examination as the gold standard. The accuracy of both methods was analyzed using SPSS.Results: The mean age of the patients in this study was 45 years old. The sensitivity and specificity of RMI were 65% and 55,5%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of the IOTA SR were 90% and 55,5%, respectively. The values for the AUC for RMI and IOTA SR are 0.342 and 0.728, respectively. The AUC of the IOTA SR was significantly higher than the RMI (P < 0.005).Conclusions: IOTA SR is a relatively useful diagnostic model in characterizing adnexal masses, while the RMI only performs fairly.
Hemorrhagic transformation in SARS-CoV-2 infected patients: case reports from Indonesia
Authors: Retnaningsih Retnaningsih , Tugasworo Dodik , Andhitara Yovita , Ardhini Rahmi , Kurnianto Aditya , Bunyamin Jacob , Utami Fatiha Sri , Sogata Ida Ayu , Hairuzaman Hairuzaman 
Published: February 2022

Introduction:While initially suggested as a primary respiratory infection, there has been increasing proof that the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) also leads to severe neurological manifestation particularly ischemic stroke. The hypercoagulable state observed in COVID-19 patients is thought to contribute to this phenomenon although the exact pathophysiology is still unclear.Case: We are reporting two cases of hemorrhagic transformation after ischemic stroke in COVID-19 patients. Both patients were women presenting with ischemic stroke and bronchopneumonia due to COVID-19. They both experienced prolonged coagulation studies before sudden neurological deterioration. Evaluation CT scan demonstrated the hemorrhagic transformation of infarction. It is still unknown whether the coagulation disruption is primarily caused due to viral activity or secondary due to the inflammatory response. Hemorrhagic transformation is a complication of ischemic stroke, particularly in post-thrombolysis patients. However COVID-19 coagulopathy was thought to induce such event in COVID-19 patients presented with ischemic stroke.Conclusion: Although ischemic stroke has been widely reported in COVID-19 patients, there have been a few reports of hemorrhagic transformation events. This may lead to an increased understanding regarding COVID-19 pathophysiology and cerebrovascular disease.