bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Performance evaluation of software‐defined wide area network based on queueing theory
Authors: Ibrahim Hussein Samaa Adel , Zaki Fayez Wanis , Ashour Mohammed M. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSoftware‐defined wide area network (SD‐WAN) is part of wider technologies of software‐defined networking (SDN). SDN is one of the pivotal network management approaches that abstracts the underlying network infrastructure away from its applications. SDN allows for the centralisation of network intelligence. That allows higher network automation, the simplification of operations, the provisioning, the monitoring, and the troubleshooting. These days, data volume that enterprises and users make is growing rapidly and continuously. As a result, wide area networks are growing increasingly and they are becoming very complicated to manage and monitor using traditional tools. So, many enterprises are interested in developing SD‐WAN and benefiting from its advantages. To achieve this goal, a proposed model for the SD‐WAN network will be presented based on the queueing theory; then, the proposed model will be analysed using the Quasi‐birth–death approach to evaluate traffic behaviour of a proposed queueing model for Poisson distribution in the SD‐WAN. Moreover, it compares Poisson to phase type distribution via calculating some parameters that influence traffic behaviour of those distributions in the SD‐WAN. The analysis results indicate that the proposed queueing model displays a more accurate SD‐WAN controller performance than the existing ones.
Benchmarking the ab initio hydrogen equation of state for the interior structure of Jupiter
Authors: Mazevet S. , Licari A. , Soubiran F. 
Published: July 2022

Context. Juno can currently measure Jupiter’s gravitational moments to unprecedented accuracy, and models for the interior structure of the planet are thus being put to the test. While equations of state (EOSs) based on first principles or ab initio simulations are available and used for the two most abundant elements constituting the envelope, hydrogen and helium, significant discrepancies remain regarding the predictions of the inner structure of Jupiter. The differences are severe enough to clutter the analysis of Juno’s data and even cast doubts on the usefulness of these computationally expensive EOSs for the modeling of the interior of Jupiter and exoplanets at large.
Aims. Using our newly developed EOSs for hydrogen and helium, we asses the ab initio EOSs currently available and establish their efficiency at predicting the interior structure of Jupiter in a two-layer model. We paid particular attention to the calculation of the total entropy for hydrogen. It is required to calculate the convective H–He envelope but is a derived quantity from ab initio simulations.
Methods. The ab initio EOSs used in this work are based on a parameterization of the ab initio simulation points using a functional form of the Helmholtz free energy. The current paper carries on from our previous, recently published work. Compared to previous ab initio EOSs available, the approach used here provides an independent means of calculating the entropy that was recently pointed out as deficient in some ab initio results.
Results. By adjusting our free energy parameterization to reproduce previous ab initio EOS behavior, we identify the source of the disagreement previously reported for the interior structure of Jupiter. We further point to areas where care should be taken when building EOSs for the modeling of giant planets. This concerns the interpolation between the ab initio results and the physical models used to cover the low-density range, as well as the interpolation of the ab initio simulation results at high densities. This sensitivity falls well within the uncertainties of the ab initio simulations. This suggests that hydrogen EOSs should be carefully benchmarked using a simple planetary model before being used in the more advanced planetary models needed to interpret the Juno data. We finally provide an updated version of our recently published ab initio hydrogen EOS.
Infektion mit dem felinen Leukämievirus – der Weg zur Diagnose
Authors: Giselbrecht Juliana , Bergmann Michèle , Hofmann-Lehmann Regina , Hartmann Katrin 
Published: July 2022

ZusammenfassungDie Infektion mit dem felinen Leukämievirus (FeLV) kommt bei Katzen weltweit vor. Der Verlauf einer Infektion kann unterschiedlich sein und sich über die Zeit verändern. Die komplexe Pathogenese, die Verfügbarkeit vieler verschiedener Testverfahren und die Interpretation der Testergebnisse stellen Tierärzte oftmals vor eine Herausforderung. Katzen mit einer progressiven Infektion (persistierend p27-Antigen-positiv) scheiden FeLV vorwiegend über den Speichel aus und gelten daher als Ansteckungsquelle für andere nicht infizierte Katzen. Schwieriger zu erkennen sind Katzen mit einer regressiven Infektion, da sie mit herkömmlichen Schnelltests (p27-Antigentest) in der Regel nicht erfasst werden und unerkannt bleiben. Dennoch sind diese Katzen FeLV-Träger (Provirus-positiv) und bei Schwächung des Immunsystems kann es zu einer Reaktivierung der Infektion und FeLV-assoziierten klinischen Symptomen kommen. Abortiv infizierte Katzen sind zu keinem Zeitpunkt virämisch, scheiden kein Virus aus und entwickeln keine klinischen Symptome. Eine abortive Infektion kann nur durch den Nachweis von Antikörpern im Blut diagnostiziert werden. Ein neuer Schnelltest zum Nachweis von Antikörpern gegen FeLV-p15E-Antigen wurde kürzlich auf dem europäischen Markt eingeführt und wird gerade evaluiert.
Die Implementierung klinischer Ethikberatung an einer Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie
Authors: Wollenburg Lisa Marie , Sarropoulos Andreas , Schweitzer Felizitas , Pollmächer Thomas 
Published: July 2022

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie Am Fallbeispiel einer großen deutschen Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie soll die Einführung einer klinischen Ethikberatung wissenschaftlich begleitet und die Ergebnisse in die Implementierung integriert werden.
Methodik Als Datengrundlage wurden Mitarbeiterbefragungen zu unterschiedlichen Messzeitpunkten vor und nach der Einführung herangezogen. Die Daten wurden sowohl mithilfe deskriptiver statistischer Methoden ausgewertet als auch inferenzstatistisch auf ihre Signifikanz überprüft.
Ergebnisse Schon vor der Einführung hielt der Großteil der Mitarbeitenden klinische Ethikberatung für bedeutsam. Im Vergleich der beiden Befragungen zeigte sich, dass die eigene Teilnahme an einer Ethikberatung deren Bewertung in eine positive Richtung signifikant beeinflusste.
Schlussfolgerung Die Einbeziehung und Beteiligung der Mitarbeitenden bei der Implementierung einer Ethikberatung hat einen bedeutsamen Einfluss auf die Akzeptanz und Bewertung dieser Prozesse.
Computational and In Vitro Approaches to Elucidate the Anti-cancer Effects of Arnica montana in Hormone-Dependent Breast Cancer
Authors: Basu Nilanjana , Narad Priyanka , Guptasarma Manni Luthra , Tandon Chanderdeep , Das Bhudev Chandra , Tandon Simran 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide. Use of homeopathic medicines for the treatment of cancers has increased in the last several years. Arnica montana is an anti-inflammatory homeopathic medicine used in traumatic conditions and because of this property we performed investigations for its potential as a chemotherapeutic agent against breast cancer.
Methods An ethanolic extract of Arnica montana (mother tincture, MT), prepared according to the Homoeopathic Pharmacopoeia of India, was characterized by gas chromatography–mass spectroscopy (GC–MS), followed by computational (in silico) analysis using molecular docking, to identify specific compounds that can bind and modulate the activity of key proteins involved in breast cancer survival and progression. To validate the in silico findings, in a controlled experiment breast cancer cells (MCF7) were treated in vitro with Arnica montana and the cytotoxic effects assessed by flowcytometry, fluorescence microscopy, scratch assay, clonogenic potential and gene expression analysis.
Results Phytochemical characterization of ethanolic extract of Arn MT by GC–MS allowed identification of several compounds. Caryophyllene oxide and 7-hydroxycadalene were selected for molecular docking studies, based on their potential drug-like properties. These compounds displayed selective binding affinity to some of the recognized target proteins of breast cancer, which included estrogen receptor alpha (ERα), progesterone receptor (PR), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), mTOR (mechanistic target of rapamycin) and E-cadherin. In vitro studies revealed induction of apoptosis in MCF7 cells following treatment with Arn MT. Furthermore, treatment with Arn MT revealed its ability to inhibit migration and colony forming abilities of the cancer cells.
Conclusion Considering the apoptotic and anti-migratory effects of Arnica montana in breast cancer cells in vitro, there is a need for this medicine to be further validated in an in vivo model.
Bidirectional Endoscopy—A Trend for Future in COVID Era
Authors: Balekuduru Avinash Bhat , Sahu Manoj Kumar , Bongu Shruti Sagar , Satyal Ashish , Devarasetty Shashank , Matta Rakesh , Reddy Yeruva Poulina Deepthi 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background and Study Aims In the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, patients undergoing esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) and colonoscopy on the same day (bidirectional endoscopy [BDE]) have increased. The aims of the study were to compare the procedure times, benefits, and safety of same-day BDE and conventional serial endoscopic examination (SEE).
Patients and Methods All the patients undergoing evaluation with either BDE or SEE were prospectively enrolled at Ramaiah Medical College and Hospitals, Bangalore, from 1st December 2020 to 31st May 2021. EGD was immediately followed by colonoscopy in BDE. In SEE, EGD was followed by colonoscopy in 1 or 2 days. Clinical data and results were collected and evaluated.
Results Two hundred consecutive patients who consented for BDE were enrolled in the study. The mean ± standard deviation (range) age of the patients was 45 ± 14.5 (22–60) years. Majority (124 [62%]) were men. The outcome measures of Boston Bowel Preparation Scale with the excellent/good preparation score and polyp detection rate were similar in both groups (p = 0.4). The total procedure time was significantly higher in the SEE group than in the BDE (p < 0.001). There were no adverse events noted in the study. The overall patient experience and satisfaction were higher in BDE than in SEE without any difference in the quality of the procedures (p < 0.001). Patients with weight loss and anemia were more likely to have a positive test result than the patients with abdominal pain and diarrhea.
Conclusions In conclusion, same-day BDE is advised for patients with anemia and weight loss which can reduce the number of hospital visits and improve patient satisfaction in COVID times.
Accidental Low-Velocity Penetrating Brain Injury by Glass Marble
Authors: Woo Xiangling , Yap Nelson Kok Bing , Toh Teck Hock , Yiek Siew Hong 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPenetrating brain injury from marble is rare. Marbles, commonly known as “guli” among locals, is a popular children's traditional game in Malaysia. This study discusses two cases of intracranial marble injury, both accidentally shot by children with home-made air guns during the period of Movement Control Order with one elderly patient who passed away. While the diagnosis was uneventful, the management was not straightforward. Strategies of prehospital, operative, postoperative management, and rehabilitation are discussed, including prognostic factors. Because of its rarity, the management of such injuries is complex and nonstandardized.
Meningothelial Hamartoma Overlying a Prior Craniotomy: A Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Unadkat Prashin , Vitkovski Taisia , Zaidi Raza , Eisenberg Mark 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMeningothelial hamartomas are benign lesions of the scalp with a handful of case reports published. Usually thought to be congenital lesions, they have, on occasion, been seen in older adults. In this report, we describe the first ever reported case of a patient diagnosed with a meningothelial hamartoma overlying a prior craniotomy performed two decades prior. We also briefly describe the literature surrounding these rare lesions, as well as their management and differential diagnosis.
Knives in Third Space
Authors: Mukkada Roy J. , Mathew Pradeep G. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractEndoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) has always been done with a snare. The maximum diameter of the snare is usually 2 cm and the largest lesion that can be removed in one piece is usually maximum of 2 cm. In EMR, after the elevation of the submucosa, snares are used for the resection of the mucosal lesion; however, for endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), special knives are required, which have various uses in different areas of the gastrointestinal tract. ESD knives have developed and evolved over the past 30 years allowing it to be performed safely. It allows very precise cutting of the mucosa as well as dissection of the submucosal tissue planes. This review discusses some of the more commonly used knives.
Cancers and Benign Processes on 68Ga PSMA PET-CT Imaging Other than Prostate Cancer
Authors: Ozcan Pinar Pelin , Serdengectı Mustafa , Koc Zehra Pinar , Balcı Yüksel , Tek Mesut , Bozlu Murat , Akbay Erdem , Erçolak Vehbi 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background Imaging plays an important role in the evaluation of prostate cancer patients. In recent years, much attention has been focused on gallium 68 prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography-computed tomography (68Ga PSMA PET-CT) in prostate cancer patients and has been widely used for staging, restaging, and therapy response for these patients. The aim of this study was to report 68Ga PSMA PET-CT in other cancers and benign processes incidentally detected on 68Ga PSMA PET-CT in patients with prostate cancer.
Materials and Methods A total of 600 68Ga PSMA PET-CT scans were performed for initial staging, restaging, detection of suspected recurrence, and therapy response in prostate cancer patients between December 2018 and June 2020. A total of 38 patients with histopathologically proven prostate cancer were included in the current study with other malignancies and benign processes. Mainly histopathology in most of cases and clinical and radiological follow-up in few cases after PET/CT scanning served as the standard of reference.
Results A total of 38 patients (age range: 52–85 years; mean age: 68.6) with prostate cancer final histopathology results were included in the study. A total of 51 lesion sites were evaluated in 38 patients. Forty-one lesion regions of these 51 regions were based on histopathological diagnosis, whereas 10 of them were based on clinical follow-up and conventional radiological follow-up as differential criteria. Thirty of 51 lesion regions were evaluated as malignant and 21 were benign lesions. The most common 68Ga PSMA ligand avid malignancy was lung adenocarcinoma (6/38).
Conclusions Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is a cell surface glycoprotein and mainly expressed in prostate epithelium. 68Ga PSMA PET-CT imaging is very sensitive and specific imaging modality in prostate cancer patients. However, other malignancies and some benign processes may also have 68Ga PSMA ligand avidity and some prostate cancer metastases may imitate other malignancies.
Evaluation of Newborns Diagnosed with COVID-19: A Single-Center Experience
Authors: Aydoğan Seda , Zenciroglu Aysegul , Çitli Rumeysa , Dilli Dilek , Özdem Suna 
Published: July 2022

Objective The causative agent of the severe acute respiratory syndrome is a new type of coronavirus infection called coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) which has spread around the world. COVID-19 is thought to rarely affect infants, so pandemic planning focuses on adults. This study aimed to share our 1-year experience with COVID-19-positive newborns in a tertiary neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).
Study Design Hospitalized newborns after a reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for COVID-19 were evaluated in this retrospective, cohort study between March 2020 and March 2021. The clinical course, laboratory tests, imaging studies, and outcomes of affected newborns were collected from medical records.
Results Eleven COVID-19-diagnosed newborns were analyzed in our study. Four (36.6%) patients had contact with a COVID-19-positive individual in their families. The main symptoms were fever (81.8%), hypoxemia (63.6%), and tachypnea (63.6%). Bacterial coinfection was identified in two newborns. Aortic coarctation was detected as an accompanied disease by a newborn who was referred to our hospital with a suspicion of congenital heart disease and two patients had a bacterial coinfection. We did not detect any cases of neonatal multisystem inflammatory syndrome. All patients were discharged in good health. None of the newborns had any complications and repeated infection with another variant during the first-year follow-up.
Conclusion Contrary to popular belief, newborns are a sensitive age group for COVID-19 and need a high rate of hospitalization. Congenital heart diseases and coinfections should not be overlooked in COVID-19-infected newborns. The acquired immunity due to COVID-19 infection protects newborns from recurrent COVID-19 infections in their first year of life. The absence of COVID-19-positive individual in the family in most cases suggests that PCR-negative adults may also play a role in the transmission of the disease.
Key Points
Calibration of micro-channel plate detector in a Thomson spectrometer for protons and carbon ions with energies below 1 MeV
Authors: Varmazyar Parvin , Singh Prashant K. , Elekes Zoltan , Halasz Zoltan , Nagy Bence , Son Joon-Gon , Csontos Janos , Mohacsi Arpad , Nelissen Kwinten , Somoskői Tamas , Szabo Rita E. , Toth Szabolcs , Ter-Avetisyan Sargis , Osvay Karoly 
Published: July 2022

The calibration of an ion detection system was carried out for protons and carbon ions from a few tens of keV up to about 1 MeV energies. A Thomson spectrometer deflecting the particle beam accelerated from a laser plasma creates the ion spectra on a phosphor screen behind a micro-channel plate (MCP), which are recorded by a camera. During calibration, the ion spectra simultaneously hit the slotted CR-39 track detector installed in front of the MCP and, passing through the adjacent CR-39 stripes, the MCP. The calibration provides the ratio of the interpolated values between two consecutive stripes of the camera signal and the total number of particles recorded on the corresponding stripe of CR-39. The efficiency of proton detection by CR-39 was also measured in a conventional accelerator beam and found to drop by 20% below 100 keV.
Analysis of chemical bonding of the ground and low-lying states of Mo2 and of Mo2Clx complexes, x = 2–10
Authors: Depastas Teo , Androutsopoulos Alexandros , Tzeli Demeter 
Published: July 2022

In this study, we perform accurate calculations via multireference configuration interaction and coupled cluster methodologies on the dimolybdenum molecule in conjunction with complete series of correlation and weighted core correlation consistent basis sets up to quintuple size. The bonding, the dissociation energies, and the spectroscopic parameters of the seven states that correlate with the ground state products are calculated. The ground state has a sextuple chemical bond, and each of the calculated excited states has one less bond than the previous state. The calculated values for the ground X1Σg+ state of Mo2 have been extrapolated to the complete basis set limits. Our final values, re = 1.9324 Å and De (D0) = 4.502 ± 0.007(4.471 ± 0.009) eV, are in excellent agreement with the experimental values of re = 1.929, 1.938(9) Å and D0 = 4.476(10) eV. Mo2 in the Σg+13 state is a weakly bound dimer, forming 5s⋯5pz bonds, with De = 0.120 eV at re = 3.53 Å. All calculated excited states (except Σg+13) have a highly multireference character (C0 = 0.25–0.55). The ordering of the molecular bonding orbitals changes as the spin is increased from quintet to septet state resulting in a change in energy separation ΔS,S−1 of the calculated states. The quite low bond dissociation energy of the ground state is due to the splitting of the molecular bonding orbitals in two groups differing in energy by ∼3 eV. Finally, the bond breaking of Mo2, as the multiplicity of spin is increased, is analyzed in parallel with the Mo–Mo bond breaking in a series of Mo2Clx complexes when x is increased. Physical insight into the nature of the sextuple bond and its low dissociation energy is provided.
Relativistic and QED corrections to one-bond indirect nuclear spin–spin couplings in X22+ and X32+ ions (X = Zn, Cd, Hg)
Authors: Colombo Jofré Mariano T. , Kozioł Karol , Aucar I. Agustín , Gaul Konstantin , Berger Robert , Aucar Gustavo A. 
Published: July 2022

The indirect spin–spin coupling tensor, J, between mercury nuclei in systems containing this element can be of the order of a few kHz and one of the largest measured. We analyzed the physics behind the electronic mechanisms that contribute to the one- and two-bond couplings nJHg–Hg (n = 1, 2). For doing so, we performed calculations for J-couplings in the ionized X22+ and X32+ linear molecules (X = Zn, Cd, Hg) within polarization propagator theory using the random phase approximation and the pure zeroth-order approximation with Dirac–Hartree–Fock and Dirac–Kohn–Sham orbitals, both at four-component and zeroth-order regular approximation levels. We show that the “paramagnetic-like” mechanism contributes more than 99.98% to the total isotropic value of the coupling tensor. By analyzing the molecular and atomic orbitals involved in the total value of the response function, we find that the s-type valence atomic orbitals have a predominant role in the description of the coupling. This fact allows us to develop an effective model from which quantum electrodynamics (QED) effects on J-couplings in the aforementioned ions can be estimated. Those effects were found to be within the interval (0.7; 1.7)% of the total relativistic effect on isotropic one-bond 1J coupling, though ranging those corrections between the interval (−0.4; −0.2)% in Zn-containing ions, to (−1.2; −0.8)% in Hg-containing ions, of the total isotropic coupling constant in the studied systems. The estimated QED corrections show a visible dependence on the nuclear charge Z of each atom X in the form of a power-law proportional to ZX5.
Degrading methyl orange via prepare high dispersed TiO2/Al2O3 photocatalyst by combining anodizing and hydro-thermal technology
Authors: Liu Dong-Jie , Lei Jia-Heng , Wei Song , Jiang Bai-Ling , Xie Yun-Tao 
Published: July 2022

To improve the photocatalytic activity of titanium oxide, nanometer titanium oxide powder was mixed with a phosphoric acid solution to form an electrolyte for preparing TiO2/Al2O3 coating on the surface of an aluminum alloy. Hydrothermal technology has been used to adjust the crystalline structure of nanometer titanium oxide. Scanning electron microscope was used to observe the micromorphology of anodic coating before and after treatment using hydrothermal technology. Results indicated that the photocatalyst had a porous structure. Energy dispersive spectrometry, x-ray diffraction, and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were used to confirm that titanium oxide was dispersed in the coating. The photocatalyst was used to degrade the methyl orange solution, and its absorbance before and after treatment by catalyst was tested by UV–vis spectroscopy. The results indicated that methyl orange could be degraded when the doping amount of titanium oxide is 8 g/l for 100 min.