bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Instrumented Stand and Walk (ISAW) test to predict falls in older men
Authors: Horak Fay B. , Laird Amy , Carlson-Kuhta Patricia , Abrahamson Melanie , Mancini Martina , Orwoll Eric S. , Lapidus Jodi A. , Shah Vrutangkumar V. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjective measures of balance and gait have the potential to improve prediction of future fallers because balance and gait impairments are common precursors. We used the Instrumented Stand and Walk Test (ISAW) with wearable, inertial sensors to maximize the domains of balance and gait evaluated in a short test. We hypothesized that ISAW objective measures across a variety of gait and balance domains would improve fall prediction beyond history of falls and better than gait speed or dual-task cost on gait-speed. We recruited 214 high-functioning older men (mean 82 years), of whom 91 participants (42.5%) had one or more falls in the 12 months following the ISAW test. The ISAW test involved 30 s of stance followed by a 7-m walk, turn, and return. We examined regression models for falling using 17 ISAW metrics, with and without age and fall history, and characterize top-performing models by AUC and metrics included. The ISAW test improved distinguishing between future fallers and non-fallers compared to age and history of falls, alone (AUC improved from 0.69 to 0.75). Models with 1 ISAW metric usually included a postural sway measure, models with 2 ISAW measures included a turning measure, models with 3 ISAW measures included a gait variability measure, and models with 4 or 5 measures added a gait initiation measure. Gait speed and dual-task cost did not distinguish between fallers and non-fallers in this high-functioning cohort. The best fall-prediction models support the notion that older people may fall due to a variety of balance and gait impairments.
Laminin Immunostaining in Biopsies as a Useful Biomarker of Early Invasion in Actinic Cheilitis and Differential Diagnosis Between Actinic Cheilitis and Lip Cancer: New Insights
Authors: Vageli D. , Doukas P. G. , Zacharouli K. , Kakanis V. , Strataki M. , Zioga A. , Skoulakis C. , Koukoulis G. , Ioannou M. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Squamous cell carcinoma of the lip (LSCC) and oral cavity can be life-threatening if not diagnosed early. Precancerous lesions like actinic cheilitis (AC), can transform into LSCC. Laminin is a fundamental component for basement membrane (BM) and its integrity may prevent neoplastic invasion. Therefore, laminin immunostaining of BM may be useful in identifying early invasion in actinic cheilitis and thus in the differential diagnosis between AC and invasive LSCC or high-grade epithelial dysplasia (ED).

Materials and methods
Biopsies from 46 patients with oral lesions were histologically analyzed and immunohistochemically stained for laminin-1.

Results
AC was diagnosed in 34 patients and LSCC in 12 patients, including 3 patients with AC and concomitant high-grade ED/in situ carcinoma. Laminin-1 immunostaining revealed intense and linear expression of the BM in AC with low-grade ED. Loss of laminin expression was observed in LSCC. Intracellular laminin expression in parabasal cells was noted in AC with high-grade ED/in situ carcinoma.

Conclusion
Laminin immunostaining could be useful in identifying AC cases suspected of early invasion. It could also contribute to the histopathological differential diagnosis between AC with low- and high-grade ED and between AC and invasive LSCC. The findings of this study provide new insights into the mechanism involved in the progression process of AC into LSCC, encouraging preclinical studies that may document the stochastic role of laminin in this process.
Changes in Intimacy and Sexuality During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Qualitative Analysis of Data from a Survey on Partnered Individuals in Eight European Countries
Authors: Löfgren Charlotta , Elmerstig Eva , Schröder Johanna , Chollier Marie , Mehulić Jasmina , de Graaf Hanneke , Klapilova Katerina , Tavares Inês , Briken Peer , Köse Özlem , Nobre Pedro , Štulhofer Aleksandar 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis qualitative study explores experiences of intimacy and sexuality during the first phase of the COVID-19 pandemic of 3357 participants from Croatia, the Czech Republic, the Netherlands, France, Germany, Portugal, Sweden, and Turkey. Data were collected through open-ended questions within a survey on sexuality during the pandemic. Based on a reflexive thematic analysis three themes occurred. The first theme No change was described by 41% when summarizing their sex life during the pandemic. The second theme Positive change was experienced by 25%, and the third theme Negative change by 21%. An overarching theme then emerged as: “Still the same trajectories, but the pandemic could be a catalyst for improved or worsened sex- life.” For those intimate partnered individuals who already had problems with intimacy and sexuality before the COVID-19 pandemic it seemed to remain the same or deteriorated throughout the pandemic. For those with positive experiences of intimacy and sexuality before the COVID-19 pandemic it remained the same or improved throughout the pandemic. These findings are relevant for researchers and clinicians in developing preventive and supportive interventions in the context of crisis and social isolation.
Heat Generation During Initial Osteotomy for Implant Site Preparation: An In Vitro Measurement Study
Authors: Aquilanti Luca , Antognoli Luca , Rappelli Giorgio , Di Felice Roberto , Scalise Lorenzo 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Introduction
Controlling temperature generation during implant site preparation is important to prevent implant early failure.

Aim
The present in vitro study aimed at measuring temperature variation generated during the initial osteotomy using both rotatory and piezo-surgical inserts.

Methods
Nine groups were defined according to drill and insert type, cooling volume (mL/min) and cooling temperature. A total of 315 implant site preparations were performed in an artificial bone sample and the temperature was measured using an infrared camera. Drills’ wear was assessed using scanning electron microscopy at baseline and after 10 and 35 utilizations.

Results
Piezo-surgical insert groups determined a temperature increase that was significantly higher than the one generated by rotatory drills groups (p < 0.001). When considering rotatory drills groups a temperature ≥ 40 °C was never recorded.

Conclusion
Lower saline temperature implied a significant temperature decrease (p < 0.001), while the increase in cooling volume did not imply a temperature decrease. The scanning electron microscopy analysis of the drills demonstrated that little drill wear occurred up to 35 utilization times.
Stress distribution in roadbeds of slab tracks with longitudinal discontinuities
Authors: Ye Qingzhi , Luo Qiang , Feng Guishuai , Wang Tengfei , Xie Hongwei 
Published: October 2022

AbstractStress concentration occurs in the foundations of railway tracks where discontinuous components are located. The exacerbated stress under the expansion joints in slab tracks may trigger foundation failures such as mud pumping. Although the higher stress due to the discontinuities of track structures has been discussed in past studies, few focused on the stress response of roadbeds in slab tracks and quantitatively characterized the stress pattern. In this paper, we performed a dynamic finite element analysis of a track-formation system, incorporating expansion joints as primary longitudinal discontinuities. The configurations of CRTS III slab tracks and the contact conditions between concrete layers were considered. Numerical results show that longitudinal influencing length of induced stress on roadbed under wheel load relates to the contact conditions between concrete layers, increasing nonlinearly at a larger coefficient of friction. Given a measured coefficient of friction of 0.7, the calculated longitudinal influencing length (9.0 m) matches with field data. The longitudinal influencing length is not affected with the increasing velocity. As stress concentration arises with expansion joints, the worst-case scenario emerges when double-axle loads are exerted immediately above the expansion joints between concrete bases. A stress concentration factor Cv on the roadbed is proposed; it increases with the increasing velocity, changing from 1.33 to 1.52 at velocities between 5 and 400 km/h. The stress distribution on roadbeds transforms from a trapezoid pattern at continuous sections to a triangle pattern at points with longitudinal discontinuities. An explicit expression is finally proposed for the stress pattern on roadbed under expansion joints. Although structural discontinuities induce stress raiser, the extent of concentration is mitigated with increasing depth at different velocity levels.
The experiences of non-religious children in religious education
Authors: Strhan Anna , Shillitoe Rachael 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThere is growing recognition of the need for pupils to have the opportunity to engage with both religious and non-religious worldviews in religious education (RE). This recognition is bound up with issues of social justice and equality, underpinned by a desire to ensure that all young people should have the opportunity ‘to understand the worldviews of others and reflect on their own’ (Commission on Religious Education 2018: 26). In thinking about how best to provide non-religious pupils with opportunities to reflect on their own worldviews, beliefs, and moral commitments, we should take into account their current experiences in RE. This article therefore offers original insight into the experiences and perspectives of non-religious primary school children in relation to RE. We draw on data from a qualitative study exploring what it means to be ‘non-religious’ for primary school children in three different areas of England. Through presenting how these children reflect on RE, we see that they care about social justice but also that their own experiences of RE can be seen as perpetuating a ‘hermeneutic injustice’ (Fricker, 2007) as they are not being given interpretive resources to make sense of their own experiences and worldviews. We argue that giving children the opportunity to explore the kind of ‘emerging worldview’ (Beaman, 2017) that they themselves express might be one way to overcome this inequality and provide them with a language to reflect on their beliefs and values and enter into meaningful conversation with others.
Immigrant Parent Perspectives on Involvement in their Child’s Mathematics Learning: Views of East Asian Immigrant Parents in Aotearoa New Zealand
Authors: Lin Yin-Tzu , Averill Robin 
Published: October 2022

AbstractParental involvement in mathematics learning can positively affect student achievement and wellbeing but is challenging to establish and maintain. Asian immigrants make up around 15% of New Zealand’s population, yet little is known about these parents’ involvement in their child’s schooling. To examine the experiences of parental involvement in their child’s mathematics learning of East Asian parents, data from semi-structured interviews carried out with eleven parents were considered in light of a common parental involvement framework. Parents’ perspectives about the mathematics curriculum were found to come mainly from communication with teachers and observation of their child’s learning. Parents desired improved involvement in their children’s mathematics learning and better communication with their child’s teacher. Implications include that to capitalise on the potential of parental involvement for improving mathematics learning, teachers must prioritise effective communication with parents to enable their involvement.
Cognitive-Attentional Syndrome Moderates the Relationship Between Fear of Coronavirus and Symptoms of Coronavirus-Specific Health Anxiety
Authors: Kowalski Joachim , Gawęda Łukasz 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis study was aimed at exploring the possible roles of the cognitive attentional syndrome (CAS) and metacognitive beliefs in moderating the relationships between fear of coronavirus during the pandemic and health anxiety. Because some symptoms of health anxiety may overlap with symptoms of other anxiety disorders, we also tried to ascertain whether our hypothesized relations would be maintained when taking other anxiety disorder symptoms into account. We hypothesized that CAS strategies and meta-beliefs would play a role in the progression from fears of the coronavirus to coronavirus health anxiety. The method done was a cross-sectional study with n = 783 participants who completed questionnaires on fear of coronavirus, coronavirus-specific health anxiety, CAS, and symptoms of anxiety disorders. Fear of coronavirus and coronavirus health anxiety are correlated with medium effect size. CAS and metacognitive beliefs moderate the relationship between fear of coronavirus and symptoms of coronavirus-specific health anxiety. CAS predicts a unique part of health anxiety symptoms variance above symptoms of other anxiety disorders. The results of this cross-sectional study preclude causal inferences but tentatively suggest that CAS strategies may play a role in moderating the relationship between fear of coronavirus and coronavirus-related health anxiety. These relationships were obtained after controlling for variance shared with agoraphobia, social phobia, and general physical symptoms of anxiety.
Qualitätssicherung in der Vorsorgekoloskopie in Österreich und europaweit
Authors: Zessner-Spitzenberg Jasmin , Waldmann Elisabeth , Ferlitsch Monika 
Published: October 2022

ZusammenfassungDie Vorsorgekoloskopie als effizientes Tool zur Reduktion von Kolorektalkarzinominzidenz und -mortalität ist nur dann effektiv, wenn sie unter hohen Qualitätsstandards durchgeführt wurde. Die European Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy gibt hierbei Key Performance Measures, wie die Adenomentdeckungsrate, die Zökumerreichsrate und die Rate an adäquater Vorbereitungsqualität, vor, auf die beim Screening geachtet werden sollten. Das „Qualitätszertifikat Darmkrebsvorsorge“, das als Qualitätssicherungsprogramm auf freiwilliger Basis von der Österreichischen Gesellschaft für Gastroenterologie und Hepatologie gemeinsam mit dem Dachverband der österreichischen Sozialversicherungsträger und der Österreichischen Krebshilfe für Endoskopiker:innen in ganz Österreich ins Leben gerufen wurde, überprüft diese Qualitätsparameter. Es wird ein Darmkrebsscreening auf höchsten Standards angestrebt, um somit die besten Outcomes für Patient:innen zu erzielen. Auch europaweit ist das Interesse an einer qualitätsgesicherten Vorsorgekoloskopie groß: Viele Länder, wie z. B. die Niederlande, Norwegen und das Vereinigte Königreich haben Programme, um die Qualität des Screenings zu überwachen und zu verbessern.
Informiertes Vertrauen in Wissenschaft: Lehren aus der COVID-19 Pandemie für das Verständnis naturwissenschaftlicher Grundbildung (scientific literacy)
Authors: Bromme Rainer 
Published: October 2022

ZusammenfassungInformiertes Vertrauen in Wissenschaft ist nötig, damit die ‚Schnittstellen‘ für den Wissensfluss zwischen dem Alltagsverständnis der Bürger:innen über die Pandemie und dem sich dynamisch entwickelnden Wissensstand der Wissenschaften funktionieren. Das ist die Kernthese dieses Beitrags. Ohne Wissenschaft kann die COVID-19 Pandemie weder verstanden noch beherrscht werden und auch Bürger:innen müssen sich dafür mit Wissensangeboten aus der Wissenschaft auseinandersetzen. Bei einer solchen Problemlage sind diese Wissensangebote aber dynamisch, d. h. sie entwickeln sich weiter und sie sind eingebettet in normative Fragen. Außerdem konkurrieren sie mit pseudowissenschaftlichen Beiträgen. Als Nicht-Expert:innen müssen Laien deshalb entscheiden wem sie vertrauen können. In dem Beitrag wird das Konzept der functional scientific literacy als Voraussetzung von Urteilen des informierten Vertrauens beschrieben. In der Schule sollten die Wissensgrundlagen für Urteile des informierten Vertrauens vermittelt und eine rationale Beurteilung der Vertrauenswürdigkeit von wissenschaftsbezogenen Wissensangeboten eingeübt werden.
Ambitiousness of Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) targets: classification and implications for policy making
Authors: Mustajoki Jyri , Borchardt Steve , Büttner Leonie , Köhler Berit , Lepenies Robert , Lyytimäki Jari , Mille Raoul , Pedersen Anders Branth , Reis Stefan , Richard Didier 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe analyse how ambitiously the underlying targets for the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the United Nations Agenda 2030 are set in terms of their semantic formulation and discuss the implications of this for policy making. Our analysis is based on classifying ambitiousness into three types: semantic, relative and absolute ambitiousness; in this paper, we mainly analyse semantic ambitiousness. We establish an evaluation framework that shows clear differences in semantic ambitiousness levels between SDG targets. Awareness of these differences is essential, as semantic ambitiousness also lays the foundation for evaluating other types of ambitiousness of the SDGs in international cross-country comparisons and national policy making processes. We also analyse how progress towards the targets has been reported in the Sustainable Development Report of the SDG Index and in the SDGs Progress Chart of the United Nations. Finally, we discuss possible reasons for the differences in the level of ambitiousness and provide recommendations for operationalising the targets. Our aim is to provide a better understanding of the variability of interpretations that can occur in the evaluation of different SDGs, and to improve the coherence between the goals in developing any future development goal frameworks beyond Agenda 2030.
The Russia-Ukraine War and the Seeds of a New Liberal Plurilateral Order
Authors: Sloss David L. , Dickinson Laura A. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSince about 2008, the rise of autocracy and the decline of democracy has threatened the modern liberal international order. To counter the threat of authoritarian international law, the United States should collaborate with liberal democracies from Europe, Asia, Africa, and Latin America to develop new plurilateral institutions and treaties to create a “liberal plurilateral order.” This Essay shows that states are planting the seeds of a future liberal plurilateral order in their response to Russian aggression in Ukraine.
Rank-uniform local law for Wigner matrices
Authors: Cipolloni Giorgio , Erdős László , Schröder Dominik 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
We prove a general local law for Wigner matrices that optimally handles observables of arbitrary rank and thus unifies the well-known averaged and isotropic local laws. As an application, we prove a central limit theorem in quantum unique ergodicity (QUE): that is, we show that the quadratic forms of a general deterministic matrix A on the bulk eigenvectors of a Wigner matrix have approximately Gaussian fluctuation. For the bulk spectrum, we thus generalise our previous result [17] as valid for test matrices A of large rank as well as the result of Benigni and Lopatto [7] as valid for specific small-rank observables.
An anti-secularist pan-Asianist from Europe: Paul Richard in Japan, 1916–1920
Authors: Krämer Hans Martin 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe modern Japanese nation-state that was established from 1868 onwards was marked by a strong tendency towards the separation of state and religion: religions were protected as a private matter, but the public sphere was resolutely kept free of them. This was mainly done so that competing religions would not get in the way of state-sanctioned emperor worship. The latter, although imbued with elements from Shinto, was carefully defined as non-religious, so that emperor worship could be prescribed without harm to the constitutionally guaranteed freedom of religion. This secularist approach to policing religions was broadly shared among Japanese elites—but it did not remain unopposed.From around the turn of the twentieth century, dissatisfaction with the separation of the religious and the secular spheres began to be voiced, especially by pan-Asianist activists, who sought to combine the spiritual unity of Asia with the political liberation of Asian countries from Western colonialism and imperialism. Although Japanese pan-Asianism has conventionally been seen as a purely political movement, one cannot explain it fully without taking into account its spiritual dimension, which up to the 1920s drew its primary inspiration from India. This article will show how pan-Asianist activists in Japan opposed mainstream secularism and discuss what their vision for a unified Asia was. In doing so, it will focus on the Japanese reception of the Frenchman Paul Richard, an important political activist-cum-spiritual seeker who was a central node in the network of Indian and Japanese pan-Asianists in the early twentieth century.
Anti-populist populism: Musical challenges to Trump's America and Erdoğan's Turkey
Authors: Way Lyndon C.S. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPopulism is a discursive construct that represents popular interests and values by ‘pretend[ing] to speak’ for the people who are constructed separate and opposed to a powerful elite. Yet populism, in its various forms and accents, ‘can adapt flexibly to a variety of substantive ideological values and principles’. This is manifested in ‘the people’ not being a prefixed natural category, but a signifier that acquires meaning through discourses and contexts. This article considers how populism is articulated in hip hop videos that criticise two authoritarian-populist politicians: America's Trump and Turkey's Erdoğan. Using Multimodal Critical Discourse Studies, Eminem's ‘The Storm’ and Ezhel's ‘Yarınımız Yok (We have no tomorrow)’ are analysed to demonstrate how oppositional popular music can articulate its own brands of populism, transcending contexts, yet shaped by them.
Managing uncertainty in decision-making of common congenital cardiac defects
Authors: McMahon Colin J. , Sendžikaitė Skaistė , Jegatheeswaran Anusha , Cheung Yiu-Fai , Majdalany David S. , Hjortdal Vibeke , Redington Andrew N. , Jacobs Jeffrey P. , Asoodar Maryam , Sibbald Matthew , Geva Tal , van Merrienboer Jeroen J.G. , Tretter Justin T. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDecision-making in congenital cardiac care, although sometimes appearing simple, may prove challenging due to lack of data, uncertainty about outcomes, underlying heuristics, and potential biases in how we reach decisions. We report on the decision-making complexities and uncertainty in management of five commonly encountered congenital cardiac problems: indications for and timing of treatment of subaortic stenosis, closure or observation of small ventricular septal defects, management of new-onset aortic regurgitation in ventricular septal defect, management of anomalous aortic origin of a coronary artery in an asymptomatic patient, and indications for operating on a single anomalously draining pulmonary vein. The strategy underpinning each lesion and the indications for and against intervention are outlined. Areas of uncertainty are clearly delineated. Even in the presence of “simple” congenital cardiac lesions, uncertainty exists in decision-making. Awareness and acceptance of uncertainty is first required to facilitate efforts at mitigation. Strategies to circumvent uncertainty in these scenarios include greater availability of evidence-based medicine, larger datasets, standardised clinical assessment and management protocols, and potentially the incorporation of artificial intelligence into the decision-making process.