bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the Calibration of Metocean Time Series Using Machine Learning
Authors: Enet François , Podrazka Olga , Renac Laury 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Nowadays, numerical model data is one of the primary inputs to all metocean studies, whether for deep-water locations or coastal applications. This paper presents the use of machine learning to calibrate long term metocean time series of wind and wave parameters obtained from numerical models against measurement records, usually covering shorter periods. We present the added value of machine learning compared to standard calibration methods to improve data used as primary input to both operability studies and engineering design studies. Time series of wind and wave parameters obtained from global numerical hindcast data sets are compared to oceanographic buoy measurements. We investigate the improvement brought by machine learning methods on the quality of the calibrated populations for the bulk of the distributions, but also the agreement between the calibrated data and the measurements for extreme events, not only for peak values but also for storm profiles. We evaluate the reliability of the method by comparing the results over different periods at 1 location and with varying length of training, validation and test sets.
Dynamic Analysis of Blade Mating Process Using Jack-Up Crane Vessel: A Code-to-Code Comparison
Authors: Bhaskaran Saravanan , Verma Amrit Shankar , Yuan Shuai , Halse Karl Henning 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Offshore wind turbine blade installation is a challenging task. Jack-up crane vessels are commonly used for blade installation in shallow waters. The motion of the blade root is mainly due to wind loads on the lifting arrangement and wave loads on the jack-up legs. The relative motion between the blade and the hub should be minimal during the blade mating process to avoid structural damage. Thus, it becomes crucial to reliably estimate the motion of the blade installation system. Currently, there are several software and tools that are used to perform such an analysis, however there are no experiment results available for validation. Hence, a comparison exercise of their results is necessary for a reliable prediction of dynamic responses. This study aims to numerically model the blade mating process using a jack-up crane vessel in Orcaflex, and perform a code-to-code comparison with SIMA using the published results. The comparison was performed at different levels — (1) modal analyses of the jack-up vessel and the blade lifting arrangement, and (2) time-domain analysis for fully coupled model of installation system. The results of the study show that there is good agreement between the results from SIMA and OrcaFlex.
Accurate WEC Power Estimation for Multi-Modal Wave Spectra
Authors: Parsa Kourosh , Kim Mark , Williams Neil 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The amount of power generated by a wave energy converters (WECs) is generally dependent on the wave height and period. When the power performance of a WEC is analyzed via simulations, idealized wave spectra are commonly used to estimate the power output under a range of sea states. Then, from those results, a power characteristic matrix is formed, which is then used to estimate the WEC’s generation capability at any site of interest. However, the power performance of a WEC is also dependent upon the shape of the spectra, especially if the sea state is a combination of wind-generated (short) and swell (long) components, each with its own spectra. Under such a circumstance, considering only the wave height and period can lead to erroneous results. In this paper, we propose decomposing each wave spectrum into its components. The power-generation capability corresponding to each component can then be estimated, and the largest value can be taken as the power number associated with that sea state. The efficacy of this approach was assessed via conducting a simulation study on the power performance of the OPT PB3 PowerBuoy® at a point offshore Chile. The results show that the annual and maximum monthly mean relative errors incurred are under 0.6% and 2.5%, respectively, thus validating the efficacy of the method. This approach should be applied in mixed sea conditions to any WEC whose power generation characteristic exhibits strong period dependency.
Modelling Green Water Impact Load on a Single Circular Cylinder
Authors: Gao Min , Draper Scott , McCauley Guy , Chen Lifen , Zhang Xiantao , Wolgamot Hugh , Taylor Paul H. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This paper investigates the ability of physical and numerical models to simulate green water impact loads on a circular cylinder located on top of a fixed box. A focused wave group was used to overtop the box and generate the green water event, which resembled a plunging wave with air entrainment. The plunger collapsed and ran across the deck before impacting the cylinder and scattering. With respect to the physical modelling, identical experiments were conducted in two different laboratories, in different countries. The numerical modelling comprised computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations performed using OpenFOAM. The flow features, the force on the cylinder and the surface elevation on top of the box are compared in detail across the two physical models and the CFD. Good agreement in the load measurements from the two physical model tests implies very repeatable results despite the complex flow-structure interaction observed. Comparison of the physical and numerical models indicate the flow measured on top of the box and the green water load are sensitive to experimental precision, but agreement is generally satisfactory. This agreement between experiment and CFD serves as an example of the reliability of CFD for modelling green water impact loads.
CFDwavemaker: An Open-Source Library for Efficient Generation of Higher Order Wave Kinematics
Authors: Lande Øystein , Helmers Jens Bloch 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) for propagation of waves have become an important tool for the calculation of wave loading on offshore structures for such problems as run-up, wave slamming and other load related problems where nonlinear breaking wave kinematics is of importance.
There are multiple CFD codes, both commercial and open source which today supports features related to wave propagation. Examples are OpenFOAM, ComFLOW, Basilisk, StarCCM+ and more. All of these codes require the either initialization of the domain or propagation of waves from the boundaries, with a known theoretical solution or with the use of wave paddles. In terms of higher order theoretical wave descriptions, the most frequent implementations are often limited to uni-directional regular waves, which is well defined and efficient to calculate. However, ocean waves are neither regular nor long crested.
CFDwavemaker is a cross-platform open-source library which provides higher order non-linear wave kinematics for irregular and short-crested waves, purpose built for initialization and generation of waves at the domain boundary of CFD domains. The library is written in C++ and may be compiled and linked into most CFD codes.
The library has built-in second order irregular wave theory and supports the use of Higher-order Spectral methods (HoS) as input through the extension Spectral Wave Data (SWD). The code is designed to utilize multiprocessing and advanced interpolation schemes which are favorable for efficient generation of higher-order wave kinematics generation.
Stress Analysis for Three-Dimensional Structures Considering the Global Hydroelasticity by Beam Connected Discrete Modules Method
Authors: Zhang Shiyuan , Li Shuai , Fu Shixiao , Moan Torgeir , Pan Zhiyuan , Xu Yuwang , Song Bin 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This paper proposes a stress analysis method for three-dimensional structures, with the consideration of the global hydroelasticity which is calculated through the beam connected discrete modules method. First, the continuous structure is discretized into rigid modules connected by elastically equivalent beams. The hydroelastic responses are solved by the coupling of the hydrodynamics of rigid modules and the structural stiffness of elastic beams. Then, according to six degrees of freedom motions of each module extracted from the hydroelasticity, the pressure distributions of rigid modules can be obtained based on the three-dimensional potential theory. Finally, the inertia force and the pressure distributions are statically loaded on three-dimensional finite element model. The process is applied to a barge under the regular wave. In rigid condition, the local stress using the proposed method is verified against the result from the Quasi-static method. Furthermore, the springing effect on the local stress is investigated. In the test model, the result shows that the springing effect induces an obvious difference.
Design and Optimization of a Point Absorber for the Mediterranean Sea
Authors: Ghigo Alberto , Sirigu Sergej Antonello , Carapellese Fabio , Bracco Giovanni 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In the last few years, a wide range of Wave Energy Converter (WEC) have been designed. Among the most interesting technologies for multiple applications, there is the point absorber: if on one hand, these devices guarantee a limited energy production, on the other hand, they ensure good performances, do not require complex installations and have a limited visual and environmental impact. However, a major obstacle to the development of these technologies is the high investment costs, which prevent their development from an industrial point of view.
The purpose of this paper is to present a frequency domain model for a cylindrical point absorber and to perform a holistic optimization that maximizes the extracted power and minimizes device costs. Optimized parameters comprise shape, dimensions, mass properties, ballast and draft.
The optimization is carried out considering different installation sites in the Mediterranean Sea, chosen from the most productive ones, such as the island of Pantelleria along the Sicily channel and Alghero along the north-western coast of Sardinia, to define an optimal point absorber design for offshore applications in the Mediterranean Sea.
Use of linked registry claims data for long term surveillance of devices after endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair: observational surveillance study
Authors: Goodney Philip , Mao Jialin , Columbo Jesse , Suckow Bjoern , Schermerhorn Marc , Malas Mahmoud , Brooke Benjamin , Hoel Andrew , Scali Salvatore , Arya Shipra , Spangler Emily , Alabi Olamide , Beck Adam , Gladders Barbara , Moore Kayla , Zheng Xinyan , Eldrup-Jorgensen Jens , Sedrakyan Art 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate long term outcomes (reintervention and late rupture of abdominal aortic aneurysm) of aortic endografts in real world practice using linked registry claims data.DesignObservational surveillance study.Setting282 centers in the Vascular Quality Initiative Registry linked to United States Medicare claims (2003-18).Participants20 489 patients treated with four device types used for endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair (EVAR): 40.6% (n=8310) received the Excluder (Gore), 32.2% (n=6606) the Endurant (Medtronic), 16.0% (n=3281) the Zenith (Cook Medical), and 11.2% (n=2292) the AFX (Endologix). Given modifications to AFX in late 2014, patients who received the AFX device were categorized into two groups: the early AFX group (n=942) and late AFX group (n=1350) and compared with patients who received the other devices, using propensity matched Cox models.Main outcome measuresReintervention and rupture of abdominal aortic aneurysm post-EVAR; all patients (100%) had complete follow-up via the registry or claims based outcome assessment, or both.ResultsMedian age was 76 years (interquartile range (IQR) 70-82 years), 80.0% (16 386/20 489) of patients were men, and median follow-up was 2.3 years (IQR 0.9-4.1 years). Crude five year reintervention rates were significantly higher for patients who received the early AFX device compared with the other devices: 14.9% (95% confidence interval 13.7% to 16.2%) for Excluder, 19.5% (18.1% to 21.1%) for Endurant, 16.7% (15.0% to 18.6%) for Zenith, and early 27.0% (23.7% to 30.6%) for the early AFX. The risk of reintervention for patients who received the early AFX device was higher compared with the other devices in propensity matched Cox models (hazard ratio 1.61, 95% confidence interval 1.29 to 2.02) and analyses using a surgeon level instrumental variable of >33% AFX grafts used in their practice (1.75, 1.19 to 2.59). The linked registry claims surveillance data identified the increased risk of reintervention with the early AFX device as early as mid-2013, well before the first regulatory warnings were issued in the US in 2017.ConclusionsThe linked registry claims surveillance data identified a device specific risk in long term reintervention after EVAR of abdominal aortic aneurysm. Device manufacturers and regulators can leverage linked data sources to actively monitor long term outcomes in real world practice after cardiovascular interventions.
Text mining occupations from the mental health electronic health record: a natural language processing approach using records from the Clinical Record Interactive Search (CRIS) platform in south London, UK
Authors: Chilman Natasha , Song Xingyi , Roberts Angus , Tolani Esther , Stewart Robert , Chui Zoe , Birnie Karen , Harber-Aschan Lisa , Gazard Billy , Chandran David , Sanyal Jyoti , Hatch Stephani , Kolliakou Anna , Das-Munshi Jayati 
Published: October 2022

ObjectivesWe set out to develop, evaluate and implement a novel application using natural language processing to text mine occupations from the free-text of psychiatric clinical notes.DesignDevelopment and validation of a natural language processing application using General Architecture for Text Engineering software to extract occupations from de-identified clinical records.Setting and participantsElectronic health records from a large secondary mental healthcare provider in south London, accessed through the Clinical Record Interactive Search platform. The text mining application was run over the free-text fields in the electronic health records of 341 720 patients (all aged ≥16 years).OutcomesPrecision and recall estimates of the application performance; occupation retrieval using the application compared with structured fields; most common patient occupations; and analysis of key sociodemographic and clinical indicators for occupation recording.ResultsUsing the structured fields alone, only 14% of patients had occupation recorded. By implementing the text mining application in addition to the structured fields, occupations were identified in 57% of patients. The application performed on gold-standard human-annotated clinical text at a precision level of 0.79 and recall level of 0.77. The most common patient occupations recorded were ‘student’ and ‘unemployed’. Patients with more service contact were more likely to have an occupation recorded, as were patients of a male gender, older age and those living in areas of lower deprivation.ConclusionThis is the first time a natural language processing application has been used to successfully derive patient-level occupations from the free-text of electronic mental health records, performing with good levels of precision and recall, and applied at scale. This may be used to inform clinical studies relating to the broader social determinants of health using electronic health records.
Changes of perceptions and behaviours during the phases of COVID-19 pandemic in German elderly people with neurological disorders: an observational study using telephone interviews
Authors: Zipprich Hannah M , Schönenberg Aline , Teschner Ulrike , Prell Tino 
Published: October 2022

ObjectivesDescribing perceived limitations in everyday life, psychological burden and approval to easing of measures during the COVID-19 phases in elderly people with neurological disorders.DesignObservational, prospective studySettingThis is a monocentric study conducted at a university hospital in Germany.ParticipantsOverall, 452 elderly people participated in the NeuroGerAdh study (DRKS00016774) and were interviewed by telephone between 18 March and 30 August 2020.ResultsOverall, 307 (67.9%) patients had relevant limitations in daily life due to the measures. These limitations significantly decreased during the pandemic phases. At the beginning of the pandemic, people complained about restricted social contacts and mobility, which were the most common reasons for perceived limitations in daily life. Later, since June 2020, wearing a mouth–nose mask had become the main reason for perceived limitations. In the elastic net regularisation, model higher perceived limitations in daily life were among others associated with younger age and earlier pandemic phases. Higher psychological burden was mainly associated with early pandemic phase, younger age and depression.The perceived psychological burden decreased as the pandemic phases passed, even though the reasons for psychological burden (anxiety or fear of infection, insecurity and concerns) did not remarkably change during the phases. From 16 June 2020, the patients were asked whether they approve the easing of measures. Sixty-seven of 136 patients (49.3%) approved and 55 (40.4%) did not. The common reasons for disapproval were fear of increased risk of infection and irresponsible behaviour of other people.ConclusionWhile limitations in daily life decreased during the study period, anxiety remains a common psychological burden in elderly sick people, and this needs special attention. Accordingly, most people do not approve easing of measures. Special strategies are needed to cope with changing measures during the COVID-19 pandemic.
The UPTAKE study: a cross-sectional survey examining the insights and beliefs of the UK population on COVID-19 vaccine uptake and hesitancy
Authors: Sethi Sonika , Kumar Aditi , Mandal Anandadeep , Shaikh Mohammed , Hall Claire A , Kirk Jeremy M W , Moss Paul , Brookes Matthew J , Basu Supratik 
Published: October 2022

ObjectiveA key challenge towards a successful COVID-19 vaccine uptake is vaccine hesitancy. We examine and provide novel insights on the key drivers and barriers towards COVID-19 vaccine uptake.DesignThis study involved an anonymous cross-sectional online survey circulated across the UK in September 2020. The survey was designed to include several sections to collect demographic data and responses on (1) extent of agreement regarding various statements about COVID-19 and vaccinations, (2) previous vaccination habits (eg, if they had previously declined vaccination) and (3) interest in participation in vaccine trials. Multinominal logistic models examined demographic factors that may impact vaccine uptake. We used principle component analysis and text mining to explore perception related to vaccine uptake.SettingThe survey was circulated through various media, including posts on social media networks (Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn and Instagram), national radio, news articles, Clinical Research Network website and newsletter, and through 150 West Midlands general practices via a text messaging service.ParticipantsThere were a total of 4884 respondents of which 9.44% were black, Asian and minority ethnic (BAME) group. The majority were women (n=3416, 69.9%) and of white ethnicity (n=4127, 84.5%).ResultsRegarding respondents, overall, 3873 (79.3%) were interested in taking approved COVID-19 vaccines, while 677 (13.9%) were unsure, and 334 (6.8%) would not take a vaccine. Participants aged over 70 years old (OR=4.63) and the BAME community (OR=5.48) were more likely to take an approved vaccine. Smokers (OR=0.45) and respondents with no known illness (OR=0.70) were less likely to accept approved vaccines. The study identified 16 key reasons for not accepting approved vaccines, the most common (60%) being the possibility of the COVID-19 vaccine having side effects.ConclusionsThis study provides an insight into focusing on specific populations to reduce vaccine hesitancy. This proves crucial in managing the COVID-19 pandemic.
Impact of social determinants of health on cancer care: a survey of community oncologists
Authors: Zettler Marjorie E , Feinberg Bruce A , Jeune-Smith Yolaine , Gajra Ajeet 
Published: October 2022

ObjectiveCancer survival rates have improved over the past few decades, yet socioeconomic disparities persist. Social determinants of health (SDOH) have consistently been shown to correlate with health outcomes. The objective of this study was to characterise oncologists’ perceptions of the impact of SDOH on their patients, and their opinions on how these effects could be remediated.DesignCross-sectional survey of physicians.SettingWeb-based survey completed prior to live meetings held between February and April 2020.ParticipantsOncologists/haematologists from across the USA.ExposureClinical practice in a community-based or hospital-based setting.Main outcome and measurePhysician responses regarding how SDOH affected their patients, which factors represented the most significant barriers to optimal health outcomes and how the impact of SDOH could be mitigated through assistance programmes.ResultsOf the 165 physicians who completed the survey, 93% agreed that SDOH had a significant impact on their patients’ health outcomes. Financial security/lack of insurance and access to transportation were identified most often as the greatest barriers for their patients (83% and 58%, respectively). Eighty-one per cent of physicians indicated that they and their staff had limited time to spend assisting patients with social needs, and 76% reported that assistance programmes were not readily accessible. Government organisations, hospitals, non-profit organisations and commercial payers were selected by 50% or more of oncologists surveyed as who should be responsible for delivering assistance programmes to patients with social needs; 42% indicated that pharmaceutical manufacturers should also be responsible.ConclusionOur survey found that most oncologists were aware of the impact of SDOH on their patients but were constrained in their time to assist patients with social needs. The physicians in our study identified a need for more accessible assistance programmes and greater involvement from all stakeholders in addressing SDOH to improve health outcomes.