bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Benefits, Facilitators, and Barriers of Alternative Models of Cardiac Rehabilitation
Authors: Platz Katherine , Kools Susan , Howie-Esquivel Jill 
Published: November 2022

Purpose:
Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) improves health outcomes and quality of life for patients with cardiovascular disease, yet only a quarter of eligible patients enroll. A myriad of CR models that use either an alternative location (ie, home-based) and/or an alternative exercise have been developed to overcome known attendance and physical limitation barriers; however, patient experiences with these models have not been systematically reviewed. Our aim is to review patient experiences with these models of CR.

Review Methods:
We conducted a systematic review and thematic analysis of qualitative studies published between 2009 and January of 2022 from CINAHL, PubMed, Web of Science, and PsycINFO.

Summary:
Twenty-five studies were included, representing the perspectives of 487 individuals who participated in an alternative model of CR. Exercises included walking, tai chi, yoga, aquatic exercise, exergaming, chair-based exercises, aerobics, physical activity trackers, and individualized exercise plans. Nineteen of 25 studies used home-based models and two used live video. Twelve studies included patients with heart failure. Patient perspectives comprised three central themes: exercise benefits, exercise facilitators, and participation barriers. Some thematic categories were reported variably by particular model/study design (eg, home-based) than by others. All alternative models of CR were found to be physically, psychologically, and/or socially beneficial to patients. Participants described facilitators and barriers that were influential in the decision to initiate or continue exercise. These patient insights are critical for innovative delivery of CR that is appealing, accommodates physical limitations, and broadens access to improve health equity.
Test-Based Strategy to Follow up an Immunocompromised Patient Diagnosed With COVID-19
Authors: Roseta Luis , Carmo Anália , Mota Vanda , Janeiro Cláudia , Araújo Lucília , Paiva Artur , Costa Fátima , Raposo Maria Helena , Chaves Catarina , Rodrigues Fernando 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Immunocompromised patients frequently present a prolonged viral severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) RNA detection in respiratory samples and are unrecognized sources of transmission. It is therefore important to determine their infectivity potential to establish the adequate follow-up and quarantine measures. We present a test-based strategy to follow up an immunocompromised patient fully vaccinated for SARS-CoV-2, diagnosed with COVID-19 that 3 months after reaching the clinical criteria of cure presented a reduced cycle threshold value in a real-time polymerase chain reactive SARS-CoV-2 test and a positive antigen SARS-CoV-2 test, while being asymptomatic.
Combining prostate health index and multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging may better predict extraprostatic extension after radical prostatectomy
Authors: Huang Yu-Pin , Lin Tzu-Ping , Shen Shu-Huei , Cheng Wei-Ming , Huang Tzu-Hao , Huang I-Shen , Fan Yu-Hua , Lin Chih-Chieh , Huang Eric Y. H. , Chung Hsiao-Jen , Lu Shing-Hwa , Chang Yen-Hwa , Lin Alex T. L. , Huang William J. 
Published: November 2022

Background:
In patients undergoing radical prostatectomy (RP) for prostate cancer (PCa), preoperative prediction of extraprostatic extension (EPE) can facilitate patient selection for nerve-sparing procedures. Since both multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) and prostate health index (PHI) have shown promise for the diagnosis and prognostication of PCa, we investigated whether a combination of mpMRI and PHI evaluations can improve the prediction of EPE after RP.

Methods:
Patients diagnosed with PCa and treated with RP were prospectively enrolled between February 2017 and July 2019. Preoperative blood samples were analyzed for PHI (defined as [p2PSA/fPSA] × √tPSA), and mpMRI examinations were performed and interpreted by a single experienced uroradiologist retrospectively. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to determine the performance of mpMRI, PHI, and their combination in predicting EPE after RP.

Results:
A total of 163 patients were included for analysis. The pathological T stage was T3a or more in 59.5%. Overall staging accuracy of mpMRI for EPE was 72.4% (sensitivity and specificity: 73.2% and 71.2%, respectively). The area under the ROC of the combination of mpMRI and PHI in predicting EPE (0.785) was higher than those of mpMRI alone (0.717; p = 0.0007) and PHI alone (0.722; p = 0.0236). mpMRI showed false-negative non-EPE results in 26 patients (16%), and a PHI threshold of >40 could avoid undiagnosed EPE before RP in 21 of these 26 patients.

Conclusion:
The combination of PHI and mpMRI may better predict the EPE preoperatively, facilitating preoperative counseling and tailoring the need for nerve-sparing RP.
Factors Associated With Depression and Anxiety for Community-Dwelling Patients With Heart Failure
Authors: Helal Sameera I. , Murrells Trevor , Grealish Annmarie , Evans Catherine J. 
Published: November 2022

Background
Depression and anxiety are common comorbidities in heart failure (HF) and are associated with adverse outcomes including unplanned hospitalization. However, there is insufficient evidence on the factors associated with depression and anxiety for community patients with HF to inform optimal assessment and treatment in this population.

Aim
The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence of and factors associated with depression and anxiety in community-dwelling patients with HF.

Methods
A retrospective cohort study of 302 adult patients given a diagnosis of HF referred to United Kingdom's largest specialist cardiac rehabilitation center, from June 2013 to November 2020. Main study outcomes were symptoms of depression using Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and anxiety using the General Anxiety Disorder 7-item scale. Explanatory variables included demographic and clinical characteristics and functional status from the Dartmouth COOP questionnaire: quality of life, pain, level of social activity and daily activities, and being bothered by emotional problems (feelings). Logistic regressions were performed to evaluate the association between demographic and clinical characteristics and depression and anxiety.

Results
Of the sample, 26.2% reported depression and 20.2% had anxiety. Higher depression and anxiety were associated with difficulty in performing daily activities (95% confidence interval, 1.11–6.46 and 1.13–8.09, respectively) and being bothered by feelings (95% confidence interval, 4.06–21.77 and 4.25–22.46, respectively). Depression was associated with limitations in social activity (95% confidence interval, 1.06–6.34) and anxiety with distressing pain (95% confidence interval, 1.38–7.23).

Conclusion
Findings indicate the importance of psychosocial interventions for patients with HF to minimize and manage depression and anxiety. Patients with HF may benefit from interventions targeted to maintain independence, promote participation in social activities, and optimally manage pain.
Resonantly Coupled High-Efficiency Sensors for Assessment of Ventricular Chamber Size for Autonomous Control of Left Ventricular Assist Device
Authors: Palagani Yellappa , Sorkin Eldar , Bonde Riya , Bahel Piyush , Bonde Pramod 
Published: November 2022

Current left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) are set to a fixed rpm and are unable to adjust to physiological demands irrespective of preload or afterload. Autonomous control of LVADs has the potential to reduce septal shift, preserve right ventricle function, and meet physiological demands. A highly innovative resonantly coupled regimen is presented which can achieve this goal.
We introduce sensors based on a highly sensitive relationship between transmission coefficient and spatial separation in a resonantly coupled regimen. This relationship represents a polynomial regression. A regimen of an apical sensor and multiple outflow sensors is investigated. A range of separations varying from 50–200 mm was systematically investigated. These ranges consider anatomical & physiological variation(s) in cardiac chamber size. Validation was obtained in porcine heart preparation.
The polynomial regression model predicted distance between the sensors with a mean absolute percentage error of 0.77%, 1.07%, and 5.75% for the thr ee putative positions of the outflow sensors and apical sensor when compared with experimental results. A high degree of accuracy (95%) between the predicted and observed distance was obtained. Continuous measurements were done over 90 days to examine drift, with no statistically detectable change in measurements over million sampling cycles.
We have demonstrated a reliable sensor methodology without drift for assessing ventricular chamber size in an LVAD setup. This has the potential to allow autonomous control of LVAD based on ventricular chamber size to address some of the adverse events.
Optimizing input parameter of the randomized singular value decomposition algorithm for compressing technetium-99m L,L, ethylenedicysteine renal dynamic study in minimum time preserving clinical information
Authors: Chaudhary Jagrati , Pandey Anil Kumar , Sharma Param D , Patel Chetan , Kumar Rakesh 
Published: November 2022

Objective
The SVDsketch [MATLAB function which implements a randomized singular value decomposition (rSVD) algorithm] uses tolerance (tol) to adaptively determine the rank of the matrix sketch approximation. As the tol gets larger, fewer features of input image matrix are used in the matrix sketch. The objective of this study was to optimize the value of tol for compressing technetium-99m (Tc-99m) L,L, ethylenedicysteine (LLEC) renal dynamic (RD) study in minimum time preserving clinical information.

Materials and methods
At different values of tol [0.00012(default), 0.1, 0.01, and 0.05] 50 Tc-99m LLEC RD studies were compressed. Two nuclear medicine (NM) physicians compared compressed images at tol = 0.1 with its input images. The SVD computation time and compression factor were calculated for each study. The image quality metrics: Error, structural similarity index for measuring image quality, brightness, global contrast factor (GCF), contrast per pixel (CPP), and blur were used for objective assessment of image quality. Percentage error in split function estimated from compressed and original images was calculated. Wilcoxon signed-rank test was applied to find statistically significant difference between renal split function, blur, GCF, CPP, and brightness of the compressed image and the original image at

.

Results
As per NM physicians, compressed images estimated with tol = 0.1 were identical to the original images. Based on image quality metrics, compressed images were significantly less noisy, brighter, and have better contrast compared with its input images. There was insignificant difference in split renal function estimated from compressed RD study at tol = 0.1 and its original study. The SVD computation and percentage compression per study were found to be 0.04725 s and up to 74.53%.

Conclusion
The optimized value of tol for compressing Tc-99m LLEC RD study preserving clinical information was found to be 0.1, and SVD computation time: 0.04725 s.
The prognostic value of positron emission tomography/computed tomography-based parameters in locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma treated with chemoradiation therapy
Authors: Zhang Wei , Jia Hongyuan , Cheng Zhuzhong , Diao Wei , Wang Yi , Cao Bangrong , Kou Ying , Wang Qifeng 
Published: November 2022

Objectives
To assess the prognostic value of PET/computed tomography-based parameters in patients with locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESSC).

Methods
Sixty-seven patients with ESSC undergoing definitive chemoradiotherapy (dCRT) were retrospectively enrolled. PET/CT parameters (maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) metabolic tumor volume (MTV), and total glycolysis (TLG) were obtained from 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) PET/CT studies. The correlation between overall survival and PET/CT parameters was analyzed using a Cox proportional hazards model.

Results
There were no differences in TLG, MTV, and SUVmax values across age, sex, tumor location, and lymph node status. However, for patients with cT3-4 disease, TLG and SUVmax were significantly higher (P = 0.019 and P = 0.018, respectively), and MTV showed an increasing trend (P = 0.068). There were significant correlations among TLG, MTV and SUVmax. According to the receiver-operating curve, the cutoff values of TLG, MTV and SUVmax dichotomized by survival status at 2 years were 64.00 g, 9.63 ml and 9.97 g/ml, respectively. In univariate analysis, increased TLG, MTV and SUVmax were significant negative prognostic factors for OS. However, in multivariate analysis, only SUVmax was an independent prognostic factor for overall survival (hazard ratios = 2.857, 95% confidence intervals: 1.837–4.442; P = 0.017).

Conclusions
PET/CT is a useful tool for predicting the prognoses in patients with locally advanced ESSC treated with dCRT. Future prospective studies with a large number of samples should be conducted to confirm these results.
The utility of technetium-99m pertechnetate thyroid scintigraphy assessing thyroid/salivary ratio as an alternative to thyroid uptake percentage in evaluation of thyroid function, with establishing normal reference values of both parameters: single Egyptian center study
Authors: Abdelhamed Heba M. , Abdo Soliman Mohamed S. , Mahmoud Amira A. , Mohamed Ramadan , Ali Ismail M. , Abdelhai Shaimaa F. 
Published: November 2022

Background/Objective
Management of thyroid disorders depends on accurate clinical assessment, appropriate investigations and radionuclide imaging, which plays an established important role either qualitatively or quantitatively. The aim of this study was to assess the utility of the thyroid/salivary ratio (TSR) as an alternative to technetium-99m (Tc99m) pertechnetate thyroid uptake (TcU) percentage in the evaluation of thyroid function and in the same time to establish reference range for the thyroid uptake of Tc99m-pertechnetate and TSR among Egyptian populations.

Patients and methods
This retrospective study enrolled 270 patients, out of which 250 with different thyroid disorders and 20 without thyroid diseases, as a control group who all underwent full clinical examination, thyroid function tests and Tc99m pertechnetate thyroid scintigraphy. The TcU percentage and TSR were calculated and then correlated to the thyroid hormonal profile.

Results
The normal reference ranges of TcU and TSR were 0.75–3.5% and 1.25–4.8%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of TSR to diagnose hyperthyroidism were slightly lower compared with TcU (84.5 and 92.3% vs. 86.2 and 98.3%, respectively) at TSR cutoff value of more than 4.8 and TcU cutoff value of more than 3.5. Meanwhile, they had comparable sensitivity and specificity to diagnose hypothyroidism (86.0 and 93.3% vs. 86.5 and 94.5%) at cutoff values <0.75 and <1.25, respectively.

Conclusion
The current study established a reference range for TcU and TSR in our institution. TSR is comparable to TcU in the evaluation of thyroid function among hyper-and hypothyroid patients and TSR can be used in doubtful cases of mal-thyroid function for confirmation of the diagnosis.
Bone metastases in prostate cancer – Gallium-68–labeled prostate-specific membrane antigen or Fluorine 18 sodium fluoride PET/computed tomography – the better tracer?
Authors: Agrawal Archi , Natarajan Aravintho , Mithun Sneha , Bakshi Ganesh , Joshi Amit , Murthy Vedang , Menon Santosh , Purandare Nilendu , Shah Sneha , Puranik Ameya , Choudhury Sayak , Prakash Gagan , Pal Mahendra , Maitre Priyamvada , Prabhash Kumar , Noronha Vanita , Rangarajan Venkatesh 
Published: November 2022

Objective
The objective was to assess the roles of 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT and 18F-NaF PET/CT in evaluation of skeletal metastatic lesions in prostate cancer.

Methods
Two hundred consecutive prostate cancer patients who had undergone 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT and 18F-NaF PET/CT at baseline evaluation (n = 80) and following suspected recurrence or disease progression (restaging) (n = 120) were analyzed retrospectively.

Results
PSMA and NAF scans were positive for skeletal metastatic lesions in 67% (134 patients) and negative in 33% (66 patients). The scans were concordant in 80% (160 patients: 66 negative and 94 positive) and discordant in 20% (40 patients). Among 40 discordant results, 14 were baseline and 26 were restaging studies. PSMA detected more number of lesions in 11 (nine baseline and two restaging). These were true positive marrow or lytic metastatic lesions. NaF revealed more number of lesions in 29 (5 initial and 24 restaging). These were false positive on follow-up imaging. No statistical difference (P value = 0.7 by McNemar test) between the two scans for identifying absence or presence of at least one skeletal lesion was noted at baseline staging.

Conclusion
Though, both 18F-NaF and 68Ga-PSMA are excellent tracers for evaluation of skeletal metastases in prostate cancer, there is a distinct advantage of 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT due to detection of additional skeletal lesions and absence of false positive lesions. In addition, absence of PSMA avidity in healed metastases in the restaging setting opens up new avenue for assessment of response of skeletal metastases.
How to use new antibiotics in the therapy of serious multidrug resistant Gram-negative infections?
Authors: Windham Samuel , Kollef Marin H. 
Published: November 2022

Purpose of review
Multidrug resistant Gram-negative infections are becoming more common and pose a serious threat to both individual patients and the population as a whole. Treatment of these infections can be difficult and result in significant morbidity and mortality. The purpose of this review is to discuss information and strategies for using new antibiotics to combat these infections.

Recent findings
Eight new antibiotics represent possible means to treat multidrug resistant Gram-negative infections. Although no new mechanisms of action are present amongst these new antibiotics, novel additions to previously utilized mechanisms have been shown to be viable options for treatment of highly resistant organisms.

Summary
The novel antibiotics considered in this review have varying data on their use as empiric treatment of patients at high risk for multidrug resistant organisms and as final therapy for identified multidrug resistant organisms. Cefiderocol, ceftazidime-avibactam, ceftolozane-tazobactam, meropenem-vaborbactam, and imipenem-relabactam have the best support evidence for use in this patient population.
Epidemiology of Gram-negative bacteria during coronavirus disease 2019. What is the real pandemic?
Authors: Brink Adrian J. , Richards Guy , Tootla Hafsah , Prentice Elizabeth 
Published: November 2022

Purpose of review
Bacterial infections play a key role in hospital outcomes during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Nonetheless, the global impact on the epidemiology of Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) and antibiotic resistance has not been clearly established.

Recent findings
Multiple limitations exist in the current literature, in that substantial variability was observed with regard to methodology. Notwithstanding the heterogeneity, the evidence suggests that the COVID-19 pandemic had a substantial negative impact on global epidemiology with an increase in hospital-onset infections, associated with GNB. Similarly, an alarming increase in resistant GNB compared to prepandemic rates, was apparent. This was most evident for carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (bloodstream infections), carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ventilator-associated pneumonia), and carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (all infections). Significant variations were most apparent in the large, system-wide regional or national comparative assessments, vs. single-centre studies. Categorizing concurrent bacteria as co- or secondary-infections may be paramount to optimize standard of care.

Summary
The data from most studies signal the probability that COVID-19 accelerated resistance. However, multiple limitations intrinsic to interpretation of current COVID-19 data, prevents accurately quantifying collateral damage on the global epidemiology and antibiotic resistance amongst GNB. It is likely to be substantial and renewed efforts to limit further increases is warranted.
Views on sharing mental health data for research purposes: A qualitative study with people with mental illness
Authors: Watson E. , Fletcher-Watson S. , Kirkham E.J. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundImproved data sharing could have extensive benefits for mental health research and treatment. However, it is vital that data are shared in a way that aligns with the views of people with mental health conditions. Whilst previous research has examined public views of health data sharing, few studies have focused specifically on people with mental illness.MethodsSemi-structured online interviews were conducted with twelve people with a range mental health conditions, including schizophrenia, anxiety, depression, eating disorder and addiction. Interview questions focussed on the risks and benefits of sharing mental health data, how data should be kept safe, and the sensitivity of different types of data.ResultsThe overarching themes identified were: benefits of sharing mental health data, concerns about sharing mental health data, safeguards, and data types. There was a high level of support for the use of data sharing to facilitate improved knowledge of and treatment for mental health conditions. Concerns included the potential for misuse of data, such as by insurance companies or employers, and the risk of mental health stigma from researchers and healthcare professionals who accessed the data. There was a focus on appropriate safeguards, such as secure storage access procedures.ConclusionsThere was a strong sense across participants that more should be done to combat the suffering caused by mental illness, and that appropriate health data sharing could facilitate this. The mental health research community could build on this generally positive attitude to mental health data sharing by ensuring that they follow rigorous best practice which accounts for the specific concerns of people with mental illness.