bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Dark Side of Laughter: Humour as a Tool for Othering in the Memes of Czech Far-Right Organization Angry Mothers
Authors: Svatoňová Eva 
Published: November 2022

AbstractFar-right grassroot organizations were early adopters of the internet and social media and have been using it to spread their ideologies, mobilize people and network since the 1990s. With the increased usage of social media, their communication style has naturally changed. Due to the interactive nature of social media, the far-right groups started to communicate in a savvy style based on meme and DIY aesthetics. This style allows these groups to blurry the line between serious and irony (Shifman, L., Memes in Digital Culture. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 2014) but also between facts and misinformation (Klein, O., The Open Journal of Sociopolitical Studies 154–179, 2020). There is a burgeoning body of literature investigating the way and for what purposes such organizations use the internet in which the researchers look particularly on memes (Klein, O., The Open Journal of Sociopolitical Studies 154–179, 2020) but also humour (Billig, M., Comic racism and violence. In S. Lockyer, & M. Pickering (Eds.), Beyond a joke. The limits of humor (pp. 25–44). New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2005a; Billig, M., Laughter and ridicule. Towards a social critique of humor. London: SAGE Publications, 2005b). However, not many studies explored the link between humour and morality. The aim of this exploratory study, in which humour is viewed as a means of claims making and negotiation of political views, is to deepen the knowledge of how humour in memes produced and reproduced by far-right organizations can serve as a tool for constructing a moral order. To do so, I analysed memes used on the far-right Facebook page run by Czech organization Angry Mothers which engage in anti-Islam and anti-gender activism. Based on Michael Billig’s (2005) distinction between rebellious and disciplinary humour, I argue that the organization used rebellious humour to present themselves as an alternative to mainstream media and resistance to the alleged dictatorship of liberal elites and disciplinary humour to put minorities (both sexual and ethnic) “in their place”.
Emotions, Morality, and Political Participation Behaviors in Online Activism
Authors: Liu Jun 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe chapter analyzes emotional expressions and corresponding moral dimensions in messages posted on the Chinese social media Weibo, and the participation character of public responses online, modeling their emergence and trajectories, and explaining the conditions that are necessary for them to evolve. Through statistical and qualitative interpretative analyses of a sample of observed emotions of Weibo posts over the course of 26 days in the Quangang carbon nine leak incident, as online environmental activism in 2018, we reveal that (1) different emotions exert miscellaneous effects on participation behaviors; (2) the same emotion would have disparate effects on different types of participation behaviors; and (3) the occurrence of moral dimensions especially promoted the generation and expression of activists’ emotions, which were magnified and strengthened through their spread on Weibo. Emotional expressions and their moral dynamics have shaped, but also been shaped by, the nature of the event and specific sociopolitical context and experience. The implications advance the understudied complexity between emotions, morality, and political participation behaviors in online activism in the authoritarian context.
The Moral Dimension of Countermovements: The Case of Anti-Feminism
Authors: Kalm Sara , Meeuwisse Anna 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe aim of the chapter is to develop an analytical framework for studying the moral dimension of countermovements, which despite obvious significance for movement mobilization is rarely considered in countermovement theory. We argue that Axel Honneth’s theory of recognition can be used to develop an analytical framework that allows for grasping not only the moral dimension of struggles between social movements and countermovements but also moral divisions within countermovements. According to Honneth, social struggles stem from perceived misrecognition in relation to a set of moral meta-values that form the basis of legitimate claims in Western society: love, equality, and achievement. These meta-values can be understood differently in concrete areas of political struggle, and activists from different camps tend to make quite different interpretations. With this approach, it is possible to analyze countermovements’ moral claims in relation to social movements’ societal values and norms, and whether and how different strands within a countermovement make different types of moral claims.We demonstrate the usefulness of the analytical framework by applying it to the division between feminism and anti-feminism and the division between varieties of anti-feminism (the Christian Right movement, the mythopoetic men’s movement, the men’s rights movement, and the manosphere). What emerges is a picture of the interrelationship between feminism and anti-feminism that is more complex than the common designation of progressive versus reactionary movements. It is clear that the different strands of anti-feminism relate morally in partly different ways to feminism. They all react against what is understood as misrecognition of men as a result of feminism, but the types of moral claims and their specific emphasis on them vary.
Bringing Morality Back in: Three Interviews
Authors: Alexander Jeffrey , Eliasoph Nina , McAdam Doug , Sevelsted Anders , Toubøl Jonas 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis chapter presents three interviews with three influential voices in the field of social movement and civil society studies, namely, those of Doug McAdam, Jeffrey Alexander, and Nina Eliasoph. They all share their perspectives on social movements’ role in society’s moral development, the role of morality internally in social movements, and the role of morality for social science as a practice. In addition, they each discuss the moral foundations and implications of three global contentious struggles: Doug McAdam discusses the background and implications of the 2021 riot at Capitol Hill as related to a global right-wing backlash protest cycle. Jeffrey Alexander discusses the cultural and moral significance of the #MeeToo movement and how it demonstrates the potentials of a global civil sphere. Finally, Nina Eliasoph discusses how the climate crisis presents itself as unimaginable in the sense that it will change everyone’s way of life so profoundly that we cannot imagine what the future may be like and suggests that prefigurative communities is one way activists can approach such a political issue.
For a Better Living-Together: Ongoing Meaningful Conversations at Play
Authors: Passy Florence , Monsch Gian-Andrea 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis chapter provides two contributions. On the one hand, it argues that morality is a mine field for sociologist as they lack the analytical tools to judge what is moral and what is not. Yet, historical sociology has shown that morality is bound to culture, and accordingly culture and cultural practices should gain the center stage of the sociological work on morality. Further on, we claim that social movements scholars can show that specific contentions directly relate to major political cleavages where major debates about moral issues are staged.Our second contribution offers an empirical example of such a research agenda. Using original survey and interview data on pro-migrant’s rights activists and environmentalists, we show that activists from these two groups form a common community—the moral voicing community. They share an understanding of the social problems they are committed for. Activists from both groups judge as immoral when specific social or cultural groups lack basic rights or suffer from environmental devastations and interpret these assessments through a prism of injustice. Finally, we show that these shared meanings on our living-together are continuously constructed through a specific relational mechanism. Indeed, ongoing and direct conversations are necessary to maintain those shared views and to ultimately sustain their activism.
The Ethics of Radical Student Activism: Social Justice, Democracy and Engagement Across Difference
Authors: Nielsen Gritt B. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis article focuses on student activism as an important site for the formulation and exploration of ethical dilemmas intrinsic to activist engagement across difference. In recent years, there has been a marked upsurge in student mobilization against inequality and social injustice within universities and in wider society. By drawing on ethnographic fieldwork material generated with left-wing student activists in New Zealand in 2012 and 2015, the article investigates how two different student activist networks, in their struggles for equality and justice, navigate ethical dilemmas around inclusion and exclusion and balance universal moral claims against a sensitivity to situated ethical complexities and locally embedded experiences and values. While sharing the goal of fighting inequality, the two networks differ in their emphasis on the creation of ‘dissensus’ and ‘safe spaces’ in their network, their university and in wider society. The article draws upon two interconnected strands of theories, namely, debates about deliberative democracy, including questions of universal accessibility and inclusion/exclusion, and theories around ethics as a question of living up to universal moral imperatives (deontology) or as embedded in everyday negotiations and cultivations of virtues (virtue ethics). Inspired by Mansbridge, it proposes that central to radical student activism as an ethical practice is the ability to act as a (subaltern) counter public that not only ‘nags’ or haunts dominant moralities from the margins but also allows for the cultivation of spaces and identities within the activist networks that can ‘nag’ or haunt the networks’ own moral frames and virtues and goad them into action and new democratic experiments.
The Ambrose–Singer Theorem for General Homogeneous Manifolds with Applications to Symplectic Geometry
Authors: Carmona Jiménez J. L. , Castrillón López M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe main Theorem of this article provides a characterization of reductive homogeneous spaces equipped with some geometric structure (not necessarily pseudo-Riemannian) in terms of the existence of certain connection. This result generalizes the well-known Theorem of Ambrose and Singer for Riemannian homogeneous spaces (Ambrose and Singer in Duke Math J 25(4):647–669, 1958). We relax the conditions in this theorem and prove a characterization of reductive locally homogeneous manifolds. Finally, we apply these results to classify, with explicit expressions, reductive locally homogeneous almost symplectic, symplectic and Fedosov manifolds.
Relationship Between Plasma Homocysteine and Bone Density, Lean Mass, Muscle Strength and Physical Function in 1480 Middle-Aged and Older Adults: Data from NHANES
Authors: Kositsawat Jatupol , Vogrin Sara , French Chloe , Gebauer Maria , Candow Darren G. , Duque Gustavo , Kirk Ben 
Published: November 2022

AbstractHyperhomocysteinemia induces oxidative stress and chronic inflammation (both of which are catabolic to bone and muscle); thus, we examined the association between homocysteine and body composition and physical function in middle-aged and older adults. Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey was used to build regression models. Plasma homocysteine (fluorescence immunoassay) was used as the exposure and bone mineral density (BMD; dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; DXA), lean mass (DXA), knee extensor strength (isokinetic dynamometer; newtons) and gait speed (m/s) were used as outcomes. Regression models were adjusted for confounders (age, sex, race/Hispanic origin, height, fat mass %, physical activity, smoking status, alcohol intakes, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cancer and vitamin B12). All models accounted for complex survey design by using sampling weights provided by NHANES. 1480 adults (median age: 64 years [IQR: 56, 73]; 50.3% men) were included. In multivariable models, homocysteine was inversely associated with knee extensor strength (β = 0.98, 95% CI 0.96, 0.99, p = 0.012) and gait speed (β = 0.85, 95% CI 0.78, 0.94, p = 0.003) and borderline inversely associated with femur BMD (β = 0.84, 95% CI 0.69, 1.03, p = 0.086). In the sub-group analysis of older adults (≥ 65 years), homocysteine was inversely associated with gait speed and femur BMD (p < 0.05) and the slope for knee extensor strength and whole-body BMD were in the same direction. No significant associations were observed between homocysteine and total or appendicular lean mass in the full or sub-group analysis. We found inverse associations between plasma homocysteine and muscle strength/physical function, and borderline significant inverse associations for femur BMD.
Kantorovich–Rubinstein Distance and Barycenter for Finitely Supported Measures: Foundations and Algorithms
Authors: Heinemann Florian , Klatt Marcel , Munk Axel 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to provide a systematic discussion of a generalized barycenter based on a variant of unbalanced optimal transport (UOT) that defines a distance between general non-negative, finitely supported measures by allowing for mass creation and destruction modeled by some cost parameter. They are denoted as Kantorovich–Rubinstein (KR) barycenter and distance. In particular, we detail the influence of the cost parameter to structural properties of the KR barycenter and the KR distance. For the latter we highlight a closed form solution on ultra-metric trees. The support of such KR barycenters of finitely supported measures turns out to be finite in general and its structure to be explicitly specified by the support of the input measures. Additionally, we prove the existence of sparse KR barycenters and discuss potential computational approaches. The performance of the KR barycenter is compared to the OT barycenter on a multitude of synthetic datasets. We also consider barycenters based on the recently introduced Gaussian Hellinger–Kantorovich and Wasserstein–Fisher–Rao distances.
Egr2 and 3 maintain anti-tumour responses of exhausted tumour infiltrating CD8 + T cells
Authors: Symonds Alistair L. J. , Miao Tizong , Busharat Zabreen , Li Suling , Wang Ping 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAlthough T cells can develop into an exhausted state in the tumour microenvironment, tumour infiltrating T cells (TILs) are important to control tumour growth. By analysing single cell RNA-sequencing data from human tumours, we found that the transcription factors Early Growth Response 2 (EGR2) and 3 were highly induced in TILs, but not peripheral CD8 + T cells, in multiple patient cohorts. We found that deficiency of Egr2 and 3 in T cells resulted in enhanced tumour growth and fewer TILs in mouse models. Egr2 is highly expressed together with checkpoint molecules in a proportion of CD8 + TILs and Egr2high cells exhibit better survival and proliferation than Egr2-/-Egr3-/- and Egr2low TILs. Anti-PD-1 treatment increases Egr2 expression in CD8 + TILs and reduces tumour growth, while anti-PD-1 efficacy is abrogated in the absence of Egr2 and 3. Thus, Egr2 and 3 are important for maintaining anti-tumour responses of exhausted CD8 + TILs.
Intraday power trading: toward an arms race in weather forecasting?
Authors: Kuppelwieser Thomas , Wozabal David 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe propose the first speculative weather-based algorithmic trading strategy on a continuous intraday power market. The strategy uses neither production assets nor power demand and generates profits purely based on superior information about aggregate output of weather-dependent renewable production. We use an optimized parametric policy based on state-of-the-art intraday updates of renewable production forecasts and evaluate the resulting decisions out-of-sample for one year of trading based on detailed order book level data for the German market. Our strategies yield significant positive profits, which suggests that intraday power markets are not semi-strong efficient. Furthermore, sizable additional profits could be made using improved forecasts of renewable output, which implies that the quality of forecasts is an important factor for profitable trading strategies. This has the potential to trigger an arms race for more frequent and more accurate forecasts, which would likely lead to increased market efficiency, more reliable price signals, and more liquidity.
The effect of voice training interventions on patients with oropharyngeal dysphagia: a systematic review
Authors: Niu Chunyan , Zhou Wenyan , Wang Haifang , Zhang Yingying , Cai Jianzheng , Lu Nini , Wang Yalan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Voice training has been proposed as an intervention to improve swallowing function in patients with dysphagia. However, little is known about the effects of voice training on swallowing physiology.

Objectives
This systematic review investigates the effect of voice training on the swallowing function of patients with oropharyngeal dysphagia and provides the theoretical basis for improving the swallowing function and life quality of patients with oropharyngeal dysphagia.

Data sources
A systematic review using a narrative synthesis approach of all published studies was sought with no date restrictions. Five electronic databases (EMBASE, PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, and The Cochrane Library) were searched from inception to April 2022.

Study selection
Eight studies were included. Two researchers screened the literature according to inclusion and exclusion criteria, extracted data, and carried out quality control according to the Cochrane handbook5.1.0. Data were analyzed narratively and descriptively.

Conclusions
In general, statistically significant positive therapy effects were found. Voice training improves the oral and pharyngeal stages of swallowing in patients with neurological causes of dysphagia, such as stroke, and in patients with non-neurological causes of dysphagia, such as head and neck cancer. However, the current literature is limited and further primary research is required to provide more evidence to support voice training intervention in dysphagia. Future studies could further refine the content of voice training interventions, increase the number of patients enrolled, assess the long-term effects of voice training interventions and add associated assessments of the quality of life after treatment.
Dynamic propagation of mode III cracks in a Lattice Boltzmann method for solids
Authors: Müller Henning , Touil Ali , Schlüter Alexander , Müller Ralf 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis work presents concepts and algorithms for the simulation of dynamic fractures with a Lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) for linear elastic solids. This LBM has been presented previously and solves the wave equation, which is interpreted as the governing equation for antiplane shear deformation. Besides the steady growth of a crack at a prescribed crack velocity, a fracture criterion based on stress intensity factors has been implemented. This is the first time that crack propagation with a mechanically relevant criterion is regarded in the context of LBMs. Numerical results are examined to validate the proposed method. The concepts of crack propagation introduced here are not limited to mode III cracks or the simplified deformation assumption of antiplane shear. By introducing a rather simple processing step into the existing LBM at the level of individual lattice sites, the overall performance of the LBM is maintained. Our findings underline the validity of the LBM as a numerical tool to simulate solids in general as well as dynamic fractures in particular.
Time to endoscopic vacuum therapy—lessons learned after > 150 robotic-assisted minimally invasive esophagectomies (RAMIE) at a German high-volume center
Authors: Chon Seung-Hun , Brunner Stefanie , Müller Dolores T. , Lorenz Florian , Stier Raphael , Streller Lea , Eckhoff Jennifer , Straatman Jennifer , Babic Benjamin , Schiffmann Lars M. , Schröder Wolfgang , Schmidt Thomas , Bruns Christiane J. , Fuchs Hans F. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Objective of the study
In esophageal surgery, anastomotic leak (AL) remains one of the most severe and critical adverse events after oncological esophagectomy. Endoscopic vacuum therapy (EVT) can be used to treat AL; however, in the current literature, treatment outcomes and reports on how to use this novel technique are scarce. The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of patients with an AL after IL RAMIE and to determine whether using EVT as an treatment option is safe and feasible.

Material and methods
This study includes all patients who developed an Esophagectomy Complications Consensus Group (ECCG) type II AL after IL RAMIE at our center between April 2017 and December 2021. The analysis focuses on time to EVT, duration of EVT, and follow up treatments for these patients.

Results
A total of 157 patients underwent an IL RAMIE at our hospital. 21 patients of these (13.4%) developed an ECCG type II AL. One patient died of unrelated Covid-19 pneumonia and was excluded from the study cohort. The mean duration of EVT was 12 days (range 4–28 days), with a mean of two sponge changes (range 0–5 changes). AL was diagnosed at a mean of 8 days post-surgery (range 2–16 days). Closure of the AL with EVT was successful in 15 out of 20 patients (75%). Placement of a SEMS (Self-expandlable metallic stent) after EVT was performed in four patients due to persisting AL. Overall success rate of anastomotic sealing independently of the treatment modality was achieved in 19 out of 20 Patients (95%). No severe EVT-related adverse events occurred.

Conclusion
This study shows that EVT can be a safe and effective endoscopic treatment option for ECCG type II AL.
Hobson’s choice or a horned dilemma: a grounded theory on adherence to adjuvant endocrine therapy verified with breast cancer survivors
Authors: AlOmeir Othman , Patel Nilesh , Donyai Parastou 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Purpose
A literature review and meta-synthesis of qualitative research had enabled us to develop a grounded theory explaining the difficulties breast cancer survivors face with the initial decision to accept long-term endocrine therapy, and the everyday challenges of continuing or deciding to stop treatment early. Our objective was to interview a cohort of women in a UK setting to corroborate and complete the grounded theory with the end users’ primary involvement.

Methods
A semi-structured interview schedule was written based on the existing grounded theory. Fourteen women with a history of hormone-positive breast cancer were recruited and interviewed. The audio-recorded interviews were transcribed and analysed against the existing grounded theory.

Results
The findings were compatible with the core theory ‘Hobson’s choice or a horned dilemma’ and its constituent categories previously developed, with additional concepts identified and added to our paradigm models. Importantly, we found that some women who started with a strong sense of commitment to their treatment changed their mind as they experienced the medication side effects over time, impacting on their persistence with long-term endocrine therapy.

Conclusion
The findings indicate an opportunity for health providers to intervene and influence women’s waning perceptions of the necessity of their treatment, for example upon experiencing the side effects. Interventions could involve the provision of side effect management strategies via accessible resources.