bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of the immunoassay curve fitting routine on bias in troponin
Authors: Badrick Tony , Ward Greg , Hickman Peter 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Unlike many dose-response curves used in clinical chemistry, the immunoassay curve used to quantitate measurands is often sigmoidal rather than linear. Consequently, a more complex curve fitting model is required. Various models are available, but they can introduce bias, and there can be little awareness of why this error can be introduced.

Content
These curve-fitting models include those based on the law of mass-action, empirical models such as splines or linearization models such as the log/logit function. All these models involve assumptions, which can introduce bias as the dose-response curve is ‘forced’ to fit or minimize the distance between the standard concentration points to the theoretical curve. The most common curve fitting model is the four or five parameter model, which uses four or five parameters to fit a sigmoidal curve to a set of standard points.

Summary and outlook
Measurement of cardiac troponin is an important element in establishing a diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction. We use troponin, a cardiac biomarker, to demonstrate the potential effect of the bias that the curve fit could introduce. Troponin is used for both rule-in and rule-out decisions at different concentrations and at either end of the dose-response curve. The curve fitting process can cause lot-to-lot reagent (and calibrator) variation in immunoassay. However, laboratory staff need to be aware of this potential source of error and why it occurs. Understanding how the error occurs leads to a greater awareness of the importance of validating new reagent/calibrator assessment using patient samples with concentrations at crucial decision points.
Definition and application of performance specifications for measurement uncertainty of 23 common laboratory tests: linking theory to daily practice
Authors: Braga Federica , Pasqualetti Sara , Borrillo Francesca , Capoferri Alessia , Chibireva Mariia , Rovegno Leila , Panteghini Mauro 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Laboratories should estimate and validate [using analytical performance specifications (APS)] the measurement uncertainty (MU) of performed tests. It is therefore essential to appropriately define APS for MU, but also to provide a perspective on suitability of the practical application of these APS. In this study, 23 commonly ordered measurands were allocated to the models defined during the 2014 EFLM Strategic Conference to derive APS for MU. Then, we checked if the performance of commercial measuring systems used in our laboratory may achieve them. Most measurands (serum alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase, creatine kinase, γ-glutamyltransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, pancreatic amylase, total proteins, immunoglobulin G, A, M, magnesium, urate, and prostate-specific antigen, plasma homocysteine, and blood red and white cells) were allocated to the biological variation (BV) model and desirable APS were defined accordingly (2.65%, 4.75%, 7.25%, 4.45%, 2.60%, 3.15%, 1.30%, 2.20%, 2.50%, 2.95%, 1.44%, 4.16%, 3.40%, 3.52%, 1.55%, and 5.65%, respectively). Desirable APS for serum total cholesterol (3.00%) and urine albumin (9.00%) were derived using outcome-based model. Lacking outcome-based information, serum albumin, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, and blood platelets were temporarily reallocated to BV model, the corresponding desirable APS being 1.25%, 2.84%, 9.90%, and 4.85%, respectively. A mix between the two previous models was employed for serum digoxin, with a 6.00% desirable APS. In daily practice by using our laboratory systems, 16 tests fulfilled desirable and five minimum APS, while two (serum albumin and plasma homocysteine) exceeded goals, needing improvements.
Supercharacters of discrete algebra groups
Authors: André Carlos A. M. , Lochon Jocelyn 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The supercharacter theory of a finite group was introduced by Diaconis and Isaacs as an alternative to the usual irreducible character theory, and illustrated with a construction in the case of finite algebra groups. We extend this construction to arbitrary countable discrete algebra groups, where superclasses and indecomposable supercharacters play the role of conjugacy classes and indecomposable characters, respectively.
However, we adopt an ergodic theoretical point of view. The theory is then illustrated with a characterization of standard supercharacters of the group of upper unitriangular matrices over an algebraically closed field of prime characteristic.
Generalized derivations with Engel condition on Lie ideals of prime rings
Authors: Siddeeque Mohammad Aslam , Abdullah Ali Ahmed , Khan Nazim 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Consider

ℜ

{\Re}

as a prime ring which is non-commutative in structure with a suitable characteristic. Here,

𝒵
⁢

(
ℜ
)

{\mathcal{Z}(\Re)}

is the center of

ℜ

{\Re}

and

𝒬

{\mathcal{Q}}

is the Utumi ring of quotients where

𝒞

{\mathcal{C}}

is the extended centroid of

ℜ

{\Re}

. Suppose

𝒫

{\mathcal{P}}

to be a Lie ideal of

ℜ

{\Re}

which is non-central. Let

𝒦

{\mathcal{K}}

be a generalized derivation of

ℜ

{\Re}

related with derivation μ of

ℜ

{\Re}

. If

𝒦

{\mathcal{K}}

satisfies certain typical algebraic identities, then we prove that

𝒦

{\mathcal{K}}

is either the identity map or the zero map or the scalar map and further information is also drawn on the associated scalar unless

ℜ

{\Re}

embeds in

M
2

⁢

(
𝒞
)

{M_{2}(\mathcal{C})}

, a matrix ring of order

2
×
2

{2\times 2}

over

𝒞

{\mathcal{C}}

.
On a class of nonlinear degenerate elliptic equations in weighted Sobolev spaces
Authors: El Ouaarabi Mohamed , Allalou Chakir , Melliani Said 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
We prove the existence and uniqueness of a weak solution to a Dirichlet boundary value problem for a class of nonlinear degenerate elliptic equations in the setting of weighted Sobolev spaces. Our proof is based on the weighted Sobolev spaces theory and the Browder–Minty theorem. First, we transform the problem into an equivalent operator equation; second, we utilized the Browder–Minty theorem to prove the existence and uniqueness of a weak solution to the considered problem.
On bicomplex 𝔹ℂ-modules lp

𝕜(𝔹ℂ) and some of their geometric properties
Authors: Değirmen Nilay , Sağır Birsen 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we examine the validity of bicomplex versions of some crucial
inequalities with respect to the hyperbolic-valued norm

|
⋅

|
𝕜

{|\cdot|_{\Bbbk}}

and we discuss some topological and geometric
concepts such as completeness, convexity, strict convexity and uniform
convexity in the bicomplex setting with respect to the hyperbolic-valued
norm

∥
⋅

∥

𝔻
,
⋅

{\|\cdot\|_{\mathbb{D},\cdot}}

by defining the concept of

𝔻

{\mathbb{D}}

-normed Banach bicomplex A-module and constructing

𝔻

{\mathbb{D}}

-normed Banach bicomplex

𝔹
⁢
ℂ

{\mathbb{BC}}

-modules

l
p
𝕜

⁢

(

𝔹
⁢
ℂ

)

{l_{p}^{\Bbbk}(\mathbb{BC})}

.
Fatigue testing of wood up to one billion load cycles
Authors: Karr Ulrike , Fitzka Michael , Schönbauer Bernd M. , Krenke Thomas , Müller Ulrich , Mayer Herwig 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Solid birch wood (Betula pendula) was investigated with a newly developed ultrasonic resonance test set-up enabling accelerated fully reversed fatigue experiments of wood. Ultrasonic fatigue lifetimes were measured at a cycling frequency of about 20 kHz up to 109 load cycles. For comparison, servo-hydraulic fatigue tests at 50 Hz cycling frequency up to 5 × 106 were performed. Numbers of cycles to failure plotted against stress amplitudes determined at both frequencies show comparable slope and standard deviation in the regime of overlapping lifetimes. Birch does not show a fatigue limit. Failures still occurred up to 108 load cycles at stress amplitudes of 30 MPa corresponding to approximately 35% of the ultimate compressive strength. Working principles and control mode of the ultrasonic fatigue test set-up are presented. A modal analysis of excited resonance vibration of the employed load train has been performed by the finite-element-method. Furthermore, the process of determination of applied strain and stress amplitudes was verified by comparative measuring techniques using a contact extensometer.
Conveyor belt modelling in extrusion flow simulation
Authors: Debbaut Benoit 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Technical rubber or polymer profiles are often extruded while dragging them into a water bath. However, complex or heavy profiles may require additional guiding tools. For example, geometrically complex profiles, such as PVC-window frames, require the use of calibrators for satisfying severe geometric requirements, while heavy rubber profiles, such as D-shape fenders or tire treads, require a conveying belt mainly for being able to achieve the process. Within the context of numerical simulation of extrusion flows, such a guiding tool brings an additional downstream constraint to the kinematic equation which dictates the shape of the extrudate surface. In the present paper, we propose a simple engineering approach for modelling a conveyor belt used in rubber tire tread extrusion, and we apply it to the simulation of the extrusion flow for a 3D non-symmetric profile of a viscoelastic material.
Krylov solvability under perturbations of abstract inverse linear problems
Authors: Caruso Noè Angelo , Michelangeli Alessandro 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
When a solution to an abstract inverse linear problem on Hilbert space is approximable by finite linear combinations of vectors from the cyclic subspace associated with the datum and with the linear operator of the problem, the solution is said to be a Krylov solution.
Krylov solvability of the inverse problem allows for solution approximations that, in applications, correspond to the very efficient and popular Krylov subspace methods. We study the possible behaviors of persistence, gain, or loss of Krylov solvability under suitable small perturbations of the infinite-dimensional inverse problem – the underlying motivations being the stability or instability of infinite-dimensional Krylov methods under small noise or uncertainties, as well as the possibility to decide a priori whether an infinite-dimensional inverse problem is Krylov solvable by investigating a potentially easier, perturbed problem.
Assessment of salivary cortisol concentrations for procedural pain monitoring in newborns
Authors: Olszewska Marta , Pointinger-Tomasik Stephanie , Kwinta Przemko 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Objectives
The study aimed to evaluate the usefulness of salivary cortisol (SC) for the assessment of procedural pain intensity in preterm and term newborns.

Methods
Three groups of neonates (term, 370–416 weeks; moderate to late preterm, 320–366; and very preterm, <320) hospitalized in neonatal intensive care unit were assessed for the study. Response to nappy change, lung ultrasound (LUS), and blood sampling was analyzed. The intensity of pain was evaluated using continuous heart rate and blood oxygen saturation (SpO2) monitoring, Neonatal Infant Pain Scale (NIPS), and SC concentrations. Saliva samples were collected before and 20 min after the procedure’s end.

Results
Seventy-one infants were examined: 30 term, 21 moderate to late preterm, and 20 very preterm. SC has increased significantly in response to nappy change only in very preterm newborns (2.13 ng/mL [1.55–3.68] vs. 2.84 ng/mL [1.93–9.06], p = 0.01). LUS did not affect concentrations of SC in any group. Significant increase in SC was observed after blood sampling in term and very preterm infants (2.2 ng/mL [1.45–2.92] vs. 4.29 ng/mL [3.88–5.73], p = 0.002, and 1.88 ng/mL [1.47–4.13] vs. 5.3 ng/mL [3.42–8.02], p = 0.002, respectively). A significant correlation between values of SC increase and NIPS scores was found (Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient [rs] = 0.31, p = 0.001).

Conclusions
We observed the increase in SC concentrations in response to painful stimulus. The presence of a correlation between NIPS scores and SC increase suggests that SC can be used as an objective parameter to assess pain in neonates.
“Platform Amphibiousness” in Covid-19: The Construction and Communication of National Image in the Global South in the Polymedia Use of Chinese Overseas Students
Authors: Liu Jiaqi , Zeng Ziliang 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn the post-epidemic era, international students are standing in the communication intersection of the Global South. Through interviews with 15 international students from developing countries, this paper finds that with the deepening of polymedia use during epidemic, the image of China in the media use of international students has changed and contains new energy for international communication. Firstly, in terms of media use, “from straying to breaking the wall”. There is no significant change in the platform of international students’ use of polymedia, but the demand for life information and comparison among media have increased significantly. Secondly, in terms of national image acceptance, “from information to action”. Even facing the stigmatization of China, international students’ reliance on Chinese local media still has been increasing during this period especially after the comparison between Western social media reports and their local experiences, while professional media image and concrete government actions are key factors. Thirdly, the role of individuals in the communication of the Global South goes “from nodes to windows”. International students using polymedia gradually convey China’s national image to the outside world through a cross-platform approach dismantling the incorrect frames after frames’ competition, generating the radiation effect of international communication from individuals, and driving the communication and correction of the international image within a limited scope.
Two-dimensional photonic MXene nanomedicine
Authors: Deng Ruxi , Chang Meiqi , Chen Yu , Zhou Yang 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) transition metal carbides and nitrides (MXenes) with fascinating physicochemical properties, ultrathin lamellar structure, high specific surface area, and excellent biocompatibility have been extensively explored in biomedical applications over the past decade. Photonic MXene nanomedicine and materdicine, as one of the most burgeoning emerging treatment modalities, are of great research interest owing to their photon utilization ability and high therapeutic efficiency. This review aims to summarize and discuss the very-recent advances in engineering 2D MXenes for photonic theranostic applications. We initially concentrate on the synthesis methods, surface modification, and functionalization with respect to MXenes. Furthermore, the photonic biological applications including photonic antibacteria, photonic bioimaging, photonic therapy, and photonic theranostics are highlighted in detail with the selected paradigms. Finally, the current challenges and future directions for 2D MXene biomaterials in regard to their photonic biomedicines are discussed in depth, aiming to drive the speed of their practical applications in clinic.
Vorgehensmodell zur Erstellung Digitaler Zwillinge für Produktion und Logistik
Authors: Follath Alexander , Bross Florian , Galka Stefan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Der Digitale Zwilling (DZ) ist ein wichtiger Bestandteil der Industrie 4.0 und ermöglicht Anwendungen wie Predictive Maintenance, virtuelles Prototyping oder die Steuerung von Produktions- und Logistikprozessen. Herausforderungen bei der Entwicklung des Digitalen Zwillings entstehen durch fehlende Struktur und Standards. Mit diesem Beitrag soll ein Vorgehensmodell für die Erstellung eines Digitalen Zwillings im Bereich der Produktion und Logistik aufgezeigt werden. Das Vorgehensmodell hilft bei der Einordnung, für welche Anwendungsfälle ein Digitaler Zwilling entwickelt werden kann, welche Schritte bei einer Umsetzung erfolgen müssen, und gibt einen Überblick über die Voraussetzungen und Komplexität bei der Entwicklung. Das zentrale Element bildet dabei die zielgerichtete Aufbereitung und Analyse der zugrunde liegenden Daten mittels des in der Industrie etablierten Vorgehensmodell CRISP-DM.
Intelligente Schweißroboter
Authors: Rieck Sebastian , Gericke Andreas , Dryba Steffen , Henkel Knuth-Michael , Flügge Wilko 
Published: October 2022

AbstractUm eine hohe Prozesssicherheit innerhalb automatisierter MSGSchweißprozesse zu erreichen, ist der Einsatz zusätzlicher Sensorik oftmals unumgänglich. Im Rahmen dieses Beitrags werden die Gründe dafür näher beschrieben und auch herausgestellt, warum ein Roboter bei komplexeren Anwendungen oftmals das Nachsehen hat. Es wird zudem ein Ansatz vorgestellt, der den Einsatz künstlicher Intelligenz zur Erfassung und Antizipation des Prozesszustands vorsieht und in Kombination mit etablierter Sensorik innovative Adaptionsstrategien erlauben könnte.
Artroplastia de rodilla en pacientes con poliomielitis y déficit de extensores. Revisión y experiencia en nueve casos
Authors: González Morán Fernando 
Published: October 2022

Objetivos: Comunicar los resultados clínicos y funcionales de pacientes con síndrome pospolio sometidos a una artroplastia total de rodilla y evaluar si la elección de la prótesis está condicionada por el déficit funcional del cuádriceps.
Materiales y Métodos: Se evaluó a pacientes con síndrome pospolio en su condición de déficit muscular y con escalas funcionales de tiempo de caminata en 10 m, distancia caminada en 2 min, y tiempo levántate y anda, y el Knee Society Score antes de la artroplastia de rodilla y un año después.
Resultados: Los valores funcionales que impactaban directamente en la calidad de vida mejoraron notablemente en todos los pacientes. No se hallaron diferencias significativas en el Knee Society Score entre los casos más graves con déficit del cuádriceps con recurvatum y aquellos con menor afectación, pero las escalas funcionales sí mostraron una diferencia significativa entre estos subgrupos.
Conclusiones: La artroplastia total de rodilla es una alternativa terapéutica válida en esta compleja enfermedad, que logra aliviar el dolor, recupera la función y mejora la calidad de vida. La restauración de la estabilidad mediante diseños de prótesis constreñidas es un factor clave en la recuperación de un patrón de marcha funcional en los pacientes con recurvatum. Los pacientes con fuerza del cuádriceps que vencen la resistencia de la gravedad tienen un resultado funcional equiparable al de los pacientes sin síndrome pospolio y no requieren prótesis abisagradas.
Healthcare Use in the Year Following Bronchiolitis Hospitalization
Authors: Pelletier Jonathan H. , Au Alicia K. , Fuhrman Dana Y. , Marroquin Oscar C. , Suresh Srinivasan , Clark Robert S. B. , Kochanek Patrick M. , Horvat Christopher M. 
Published: October 2022

OBJECTIVES
Healthcare utilization after bronchiolitis hospitalization is incompletely understood. We aimed to characterize readmissions and outpatient visits within 1 year after hospital discharge.

METHODS
Retrospective multicenter observational cohort study of children under 24-months old admitted with bronchiolitis between January 1, 2010 and December 12, 2019 to the Pediatric Health Information Systems database. A single-center nested subset using linked electronic health records allowed analysis of outpatient visits.

RESULTS
There were 308 306 admissions for bronchiolitis among 271 115 patients across 47 hospitals between 2010–2019. The percent of patients readmitted within 30 days after discharge was 6.0% (16 167 of 271 115), and 17.8% (48 332 of 271 115) of patients were readmitted within 1 year. 22.9% (16 919 of 74 001) of patients admitted to an ICU and 26.8% (7865 of 29 378) of patients undergoing mechanical ventilation were readmitted within 1 year. There were 1438 patients with outpatient healthcare data available. There were a median (interquartile range) of 9 (6–13) outpatient visits per patient within 1 year after discharge. Outpatient healthcare use increased for 4 months following bronchiolitis hospitalization compared with previously reported age-matched controls. Higher income, white race, commercial insurance, complex chronic conditions, ICU admission, and mechanical ventilation were associated with higher outpatient utilization. Higher quartiles of outpatient use were associated with readmission for bronchiolitis and all-cause readmissions.

CONCLUSIONS
Readmissions in the year after bronchiolitis hospitalization are common, and outpatient healthcare use is increased for 4 months following discharge. Prospective study is needed to track long-term outcomes of infants with bronchiolitis.
Cognitive and Mental Health of Young Mothers’ Offspring: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Cresswell Liam , Faltyn Mateusz , Lawrence Claire , Tsai Zoe , Owais Sawayra , Savoy Calan , Lipman Ellen , Van Lieshout Ryan J 
Published: October 2022

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
The nature and magnitude of the cognitive and mental health risks among the offspring of young mothers is not fully understood. Our objective is to examine the risk of mental disorders in these offspring.

METHODS
Five databases (Medline, Embase, Web of Science, PsycINFO, and CINAHL) were searched from their inceptions until February 2022. Studies were eligible if they assessed offspring of young mothers (&lt;21 years), contained a control group, and assessed any cognitive and/or mental health outcomes. Random-effects meta-analysis was used to generate standardized mean differences (SMDs) in infants (0–3 years), children (4–9), adolescents (10–19), and adults (20+). Methodological bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.

RESULTS
51 outcomes were meta-analyzed. Levels of cognitive and learning problems were higher among the infants (SMD = 0.30 [95% confidence interval 0.0–0.55]) and adolescents (SMD = 0.43 [0.24 to 0.62]) of young mothers. Adolescents had more symptoms of delinquency (SMD = 0.24 [0.12 to 0.36]). As adults, they are more often convicted of violent crimes (SMD = 0.36 [0.22 to 0.50]). Internalizing symptoms were higher in these offspring in childhood (SMD = 0.29 [0.14 to 0.45]) and adulthood (SMD = 0.35 [0.34 to 0.36]). This review uses unadjusted data and is thus unequipped to infer causality. Studies have high attrition and rely heavily on self-report.

CONCLUSIONS
Young mothers’ offspring have more cognitive, externalizing, and internalizing problems across the lifespan than individuals born to mothers ≥21 years of age. They may benefit from early detection and support.