bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification and validation of autophagy-related genes in Kawasaki disease
Authors: Zhu Hao , Xu Biao , Hu Cunshu , Li Aimin , Liao Qing 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: Kawasaki disease (KD) is a systemic vasculitis of unknown etiology affecting mainly children. Studies have shown that the pathogenesis of KD may be related to autophagy. Using bioinformatics analysis, we assessed the significance of autophagy-related genes (ARGs) in KD.
Methods: Common ARGs were identified from the GeneCards Database, the Molecular Signatures Database, and the Gene Expression Omnibus database. ARGs were analyzed by Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis and protein–protein interaction (PPI) network analysis. Furthermore, related miRNAs, transcription factors (TF), and drug interaction network were predicted. The immune cell infiltration of ARGs in tissues was explored. Finally, we used ROC curves and qRT-PCR to validate the diagnostic value and expression levels of ARGs in KD.
Results: There were 20 ARGs in total. GO analysis showed that ARGs were mainly rich in autophagy, macro-autophagy, and GTPase activity. KEGG analysis showed that ARGs were mainly rich in autophagy—animal and the collecting duct acid secretion pathway. The expression of WIPI1, WDFY3, ATP6V0E2, RALB, ATP6V1C1, GBA, C9orf72, LRRK2, GNAI3, and PIK3CB is the focus of PPI network. A total of 72 related miRNAs and 130 related TFs were predicted by miRNA and TF targeting network analyses. Ten pairs of gene–drug interaction networks were also predicted; immune infiltration analysis showed that SH3GLB1, ATP6V0E2, PLEKHF1, RALB, KLHL3, and TSPO were closely related to CD8+ T cells and neutrophils. The ROC curve showed that ARGs had good diagnostic value in KD. qRT-PCR showed that WIPI1 and GBA were significantly upregulated.
Conclusion: Twenty potential ARGs were identified by bioinformatics analysis, and WIPI1 and GBA may be used as potential drug targets and biomarkers.
Patient and clinician perspectives of a remote monitoring program for COVID-19 and lessons for future programs
Authors: Chaiyachati Krisda , Shea Judy , Ward Michaela , Nelson Maria , Ghosh Medha , Reilly Julianne , Kelly Sheila , Chisholm Deena , Barbati Zoe , Hemmons Jessica , Abdel-Rahman Dina , Ebert Jeffrey , Xiong Ruiying , Snider Christopher , Lee Kathleen , Friedman Ari , Meisel Zachary , Kilaru Austin , Asch David , Delgado M. Kit , Morgan Anna 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
COVID Watch is a remote patient monitoring program implemented during the pandemic to support home dwelling patients with COVID-19. The program conferred a large survival advantage. We conducted semi-structured interviews of 85 patients and clinicians using COVID Watch to understand how to design such programs even better. Patients and clinicians found COVID Watch to be comforting and beneficial, but both groups desired more clarity about the purpose and timing of enrollment and alternatives to text-messages to adapt to patients’ preferences as these may have limited engagement and enrollment among marginalized patient populations. Because inclusiveness and equity are important elements of programmatic success, future programs will need flexible and multi-channel human-to-human communication pathways for complex clinical interactions or patients who do not desire tech-first approaches.
A Transparency Statement Improves Community-Police Interactions
Authors: Dobson Kyle , Dittmann Andrea , Yeager David 
Published: November 2022

AbstractOver the last three decades, billions of dollars have been invested in community-oriented policing approaches that are meant to promote positive interactions between officers and civilians. However, trust in law enforcement remains low. Our qualitative analysis of over 500 hours of naturalistic observations suggested this is in part because police officers’ manner of questioning can make civilians feel threatened, even when officers are not actively investigating a crime. Here we use a pre-registered field experiment (N = 232 community members interacting with police officers) to show that civilians were less threatened and report greater trust when officers added a short “transparency statement” communicating their benevolent intent (e.g., “I'm walking around trying to get to know the community”) to the beginning of interactions. Corroboration of these conclusions came from natural language processing analyses of the interaction transcripts and from ambulatory sensors that monitored community members’ sympathetic nervous system arousal. Further, six online experiments showed that transparency statements were equally effective for members of historically-overpoliced groups (e.g., Black and Latinx civilians) and isolated the theoretical conditions under which transparency statements were most impactful (totalN = 3,180). This multi-method investigation highlights an under-appreciated reason why authority figures such as police so often fail to promote positive relationships with the community: a lack of transparency about the reasons for their behavior.
Clinical Study of Ultrasonic Shear Wave Elastography in Assessing Placental Function in Patients with Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy during Late Pregnancy
Authors: Yan Ziwei , Huang Xin , Zhao Yun , Zhang Bingyi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Introduction Placental dysfunction plays a key role in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy（HDP）. Aiming to noninvasively evaluate the placental dysfunction of HDP, we used ultrasonic shear wave elastography（SWE） to detect the placenta in vivo.
Methods Third trimester pregnant women with placental maturity grade II were randomly selected.They were divided into normal group, gestational hypertension(GHTN) groupand preeclampsia(PE) group. The young's modulus of placenta was measured by SWE.The umbilical artery blood flow parameters were measured by spectral Doppler.
Results The placental Young's modulus value of the diseased group (GHTN group and PE group) was significantly higher than that of the normal control group(P <0.01). The placental Young's modulus value of the PE group was significantly higher than that of the GHTN group(P<0.01).The young's modulus of placenta had a good correlation with the severity of HDP.
Discussion Placental function decreases and placental stiffness increases when HDP occurs. Shear wave elastography can quantitatively analyze placental stiffness, which can objectively reflect changes in placental function and the severity of HDP compared with placental maturity grading.
Dimethyl itaconate is effective in host-directed antimicrobial responses against mycobacterial infections through multifaceted innate immune pathways.
Authors: Kim Young Jae , Park Eun-Jin , Lee Sang-Hee , Silwal Prashanta , Kim Jin-Kyung , Yang Jeong Seong , Whang Jake , Jang Ji-Chan , Kim Jin-Man , Jo Eun-Kyeong 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Itaconate, a crucial immunometabolite, plays a critical role in linking immune and metabolic functions to influence host defense and inflammation. Because of its insoluble nature, several cell-permeable derivatives are being developed to provide therapeutic opportunities in infectious and inflammatory diseases. Yet, it remains largely uncharacterized whether cell-permeable derivatives have potentials in promoting host-directed therapeutics (HDT) against mycobacterial infections. Here, we report dimethyl itaconate (DMI) as the promising candidate for HDT against both Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) and nontuberculous mycobacteria by orchestrating multiple innate immune programs.
Results
DMI per se has low bactericidal activity against Mtb, M. bovis Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG), and M. avium (Mav). However, DMI robustly activated intracellular elimination of multiple mycobacterial strains (Mtb, BCG, Mav, and even to multidrug-resistant Mtb) in macrophages and in vivo. DMI significantly suppressed the production of interleukins 6 and 10, whereas it enhanced autophagy and phagosomal maturation, during Mtb infection. DMI-mediated autophagy partly contributed to antimicrobial host defenses in macrophages. Moreover, DMI significantly downregulated the activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling during infection with Mtb, BCG, and Mav.
Conclusion
Together, DMI has potent anti-mycobacterial activities in macrophages and in vivo through promoting multifaceted ways for innate host defenses. DMI may bring light to new candidate for HDT against Mtb and nontuberculous mycobacteria, both of which infections are often intractable with antibiotic resistance.
Virtual academic conferences: A mixed-methods study of equitable participation according to gender and country-income level
Authors: Walton Emma , Yates Joe , Blake Lauren , Waage Jeff , Kadiyala Suneetha 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Scientific conferences are crucial to fostering knowledge exchange, career development, and transdisciplinary research to address complex problems. Recent transitions to virtual formats are shown to increase attendance and potentially address equity concerns by mitigating structural, financial, and logistical barriers. However, the social, behavioural and intellectual implications of moving conferences online are less well understood. We examine participation in a well-established scientific conference in its second year fully online, according to gender and country income level of videoconferencing attendees. We interlink these data with rich qualitative insights to look beyond attendance and to understand the nature and experiences of actual participation. We find that virtual conferences facilitate equitable access for women and researchers in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) through removing visa requirements and travel costs, and by enabling attendance alongside family care obligations. Alongside technological advances, this contributes to disrupting power dynamics in academia. However, loss of human connection and multi-dimensional stimulation of in-person attendance may be detrimental to collaboration and sense of community. Advancements in the equity, diversity, and inclusion of scientific exchange are accelerating but organisers must ensure that transitions to virtual or hybrid conferences does not create a two-tiered system in which researchers with limited access to resources are excluded from the rich intellectual and social benefits of in-person conferences.
Osteo-fibrous Dysplasia like Adamantinoma: A Diagnostic Dilemma
Authors: Setia Mohamad Shahrunizam Awang , Ros Mohamad Izzat Arslan Che , Ismail Nik Azuan Nik , Fuad Nik Farhan Nik , Ibrahim Farhan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Osteofibrous dysplasia-like adamantinoma is a rare, intermediate grade primary bone tumour of unknown aetiology, which typically involve mid-tibia diaphyseal region. We present a case which was initially suspected as metastasis as patient had underlying colonic cancer. Biopsy was taken twice for confirmatory diagnosis. Patient had an atypical imaging presentation of OFD-like adamantinoma, as the age of the patient and radiographical presentation were more of a classic adamantinoma. The ability to recognize the pattern and distribution and keeping it as a differential is important. MRI findings would be non-specific, but useful in term of locoregional staging. Even though histopathological examination provides definite diagnosis, it may sometimes yield false negative. Bone scan can be useful in detecting primary and metastatic osteoblastic bone tumour. Imaging findings and its closest differentials were discussed.
Fluorofenidone alleviates liver fibrosis by inhibiting hepatic stellate cell autophagy via the TGF-β1/Smad pathway
Authors: Peng Xiongqun , Yang Huixiang , Tao Li-jian , Xiao Jingni , Zeng Ya , Shen Yueming , Yu Xueke , Qin Jiao 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Objectives

Liver fibrosis is a key stage in the progression of various chronic liver diseases to cirrhosis, but at present, there is no effective treatment. This study examined the therapeutic effect of the new antifibrotic drug Fluorofenidone (AKF-PD) on liver fibrosis and its related mechanism.

Materials and methods

The effects of AKF-PD on hepatic stellate cell (HSC) autophagy and extracellular matrix (ECM) expression were assessed in a carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced rat liver fibrosis model. In vitro, HSC-T6 cells were transfected with Smad2 and Smad3 overexpression plasmids and treated with AKF-PD. The viability and number of autophagosomes in HSC-T6 cells were examined. Beclin-1, LC3 and P62 protein expression were analysed by Western blotting.

Results

AKF-PD attenuated liver injury and ECM production in CCl4-induced liver fibrosis. In vitro, the viability and the number of autophagosomes in HSCs were decreased significantly by AKF-PD treatment. In addition, the protein expression of FN, α-SMA, collagen III, Beclin-1 and LC3 was increased, and P62 expression was decreased by the overexpression of Smad2 and Smad3; however, AKF-PD reversed these effects.

Conclusions

AKF-PD alleviates liver fibrosis by inhibiting HSC autophagy via the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1/Smad pathway.
Role of Oxidative Stress-Related Gene and Immune cell Infiltration in Chronic Heart Failure: Novel Insights from Bioinformatic Analyses
Authors: Yang Qian , Wang Jinda , Zhang Kan , Wang Yabin , Han Dong , Cao Feng 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Oxidative stress and immune cells infiltration have been shown to play a role in chronic heart failure (CHF). In this study, we aimed to explore oxidative stress status and immune cells infiltration associated with CHF and they may identify new candidates for biomarker.
Methods
CHF samples were collected from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database (GSE5406, GSE9128, and GSE76701). Differentially expressed genes of oxidative stress (OSDEGs) were identified based on differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and oxidative stress gene set. Multiple machine learning methods were adopted to screen signature OSDEGs. Consensus clustering was used to divide samples into categories with different OSDEGs levels. Functional enrichment analysis was conducted to evaluate the gene enrichment signaling pathways in OSDEGs. The correlation between OSDEGs and immune cells infiltration was performed by single sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) and CIBERSORT.
Results
Overall, 33 differentially expressed oxidative stress-related genes were identified. Among them, 10 were further regarded as independent predictors for CHF, and used to develop a nomogram that had shown good performance in predicting CHF with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.93(95%CI: 0.85-1.00) in the training sets and 0.81 (95%CI: 0.43-1.00) in the validation set. Furthermore, hub genes were mainly enriched in the detoxification of reactive oxygen species pathway, cell redox homeostasis and negative regulation of oxidative stress-induced cell death. The CHF and control samples showed significantly different distributions (P < 0.05) of monocytes and M0 macrophages. In addition, both AKT1 and NOS3 held a positive relationship with monocytes, but HSP90AA1 was negatively correlated with natural killer cells and type 1 T helper cells, respectively.
Conclusions
These results indicate that oxidative stress status is closely linked to CHF risk prediction and immune cell infiltration. Thus, the oxidative stress-based molecular signature may be target for CHF intervention.
The first case of Escherichia fergusonii with biofilm in China and literature review
Authors: Zang Yi-Ming , Liu Jun-Feng , Li Gang , Zhao Mei , Yin Guo-min , Zhang Zheng-ping , Jia Wei 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: Escherichia fergusonii is a rare opportunistic pathogen in humans and animals, especially with biofilm. Methods: One case of E. fergusonii with biofilm was detected in the bile and silver staining method was used to prove its biofilm. The clinical characteristics and drug susceptibility of eight cases of E. fergusonii retrieved from the literature were also summarized.
Results: This is a case of E. fergusonii with biofilm, which has not been reported in China. The 8 cases retrieved from the literature did not specify whether they had a biofilm, but we analyzed their clinical characteristics and drug susceptibility. All patients were treated with antimicrobial drugs. 8 cases showed sensitivity to piperacillin/tazobactam and imipenem in 6 cases (75%), but poor sensitivity to levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin.
Conclusion: The silver staining method proved biofilm in this case, which is the first case of E. fergusonii with biofilm in China.
Bone Defect Reconstruction using Masquelet Technique for Calcaneal Chondroblastoma: a Case Report
Authors: Chen Xianwei , Chen Gong , Chen Zhifu , Zhang Jing 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: Postoperative bone defect is difficult to reconstruct after resection or curettage of bone tumor, especially for some tumor located in ankle and foot. Induced membrane of Masquelet technique demonstrated superiority in reconstructing bone defect after injury, but its safety and validity in foot tumor were not clear.
Case presentation: A 24-year-old male patient complained pain in the right heel for more than twoyears. CT scan showed a low density lesion with cortical erosion of calcaneus body. The pathological results indicatedchondroblastoma by biopsy. The first step, tumor was totally removed by curettage. High speed grinding and 95% alcohol inactivation killed the residual tumor cells. Cortex defect of calcaneal was about 8cm in longest diameter. Bone cement (PMMA) spacer was packed into the defect and fixed with two crossedKirschner wires for six weeks. The second step, bone cement was removed. Crossed autologous fibular segments shoring with two screws and allogeneic cancellous graft were filled into the cavity to reconstruct the bone defect. For near one year follow up, the calcaneal bone fusion with graft was good, and foot function recovered satisfactorily.
Conclusions: we offered a new reconstructive choice for calcaneal defect after tumor curettage. The safety and validity of Masquelet technique is worth trying in future by more clinical cases.
Validation and Characterization of a Novel Blood-Brain Barrier Platform for Investigating Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Bolden Christopher , Skibber Max , Olson Scott , Rojas Miriam Zamorano , Milewicz Samantha , Gill Brijesh , Cox Charles 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB) is a highly-selective physiologic barrier responsible for maintaining cerebral homeostasis. Innovative in vitro models of the BBB are needed to provide useful insights into BBB function with CNS disorders like TBI. Current models either lack fluidic shear stress, or neglect hemodynamic parameters important in recapitulating the human in vivo BBB phenotype. To address these limitations in the field, we developed a fluid dynamic novel platform which closely mimics these parameters. To validate our platform, Matrigel-coated Transwells were seeded with brain microvascular endothelial cells, both with and without co-cultured primary human astrocytes and bone-marrow mesenchymal stem cells. In this article we characterized BBB functional properties such as TEER and paracellular permeability. Our platform demonstrated physiologic relevant decreases in TEER in response to an ischemic environment, while directly measuring barrier fluid fluctuation. These recordings were followed with recovery, implying stability of the model. We also demonstrate that our dynamic platform is responsive to inflammatory and metabolic cues with resultant permeability coefficients. These results indicate that this novel dynamic platform will be a valuable tool for evaluating the recapitulating BBB function in vitro, screening potential novel therapeutics, and establishing a relevant paradigm to evaluate the pathophysiology of TBI.
A novel C19ORF12 mutation in two MPAN sisters treated with deferiprone
Authors: Chen Sihui , Lai Xiaohui , Fu Jiajia , Yang Jing , Zhao Bi , Shang Huifang , Chen xueping 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: Mitochondrial membrane protein-associated neurodegeneration (MPAN) is a rare and devastating disease caused by pathogenic mutations in C19orf12 gene. MPAN is characterized by pathological iron accumulation in the brain and fewer than 100 cases of MPAN have been described. Although the diagnosis of MPAN has achieved a great breakthrough with the application of the whole exome gene sequencing technology, the therapeutic effect of iron chelation therapy in MPAN remains controversial.
Case presentation: We reported that two sisters from the same family diagnosed with MPAN had dramatically different responses to deferiprone (DFP) treatment. The diagnosis of MPAN were established based on typical clinical manifestations, physical examination, brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), cerebrospinal fluid analysis (CSF) and gene sequencing results. The clinical presentations of the two sisters with MPAN due to novel gene locus mutations were similar to those previously reported. There is no other difference in basic information except that the proband had a later onset age and fertility history. Both the proband and his second sister were treated with deferiprone (DFP), but they had dramatically different responses to the treatment. The proband's condition deteriorated sharply after treatment with DFP including psychiatric symptoms and movement disorders. However, the second sister of the proband became relatively stable after receiving the DFP treatment. After four years of follow-up, the patient still denies any new symptoms of neurological deficits.
Conclusion: The findings of this study enriched the MPAN gene database and indicated that DFP might delay the progress of MPAN in patients without severe autonomic neuropsychiatric impairment at the early stage of the disease.
Who Marries Whom and Its Impact on Household Income Inequality
Authors: Li Yang , Ding Chuan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We build a marriage model, using educational level as a decision variable, and conclude that each agent tends to marry someone with the same or higher education. This paper indicates that “properly matched marriage” remains the absolute mainstream pattern of Chinese families through a random matching method based on the microcosmic household survey data of “CHFS.” In addition, it has a significant impact on household income inequality.
Atmospheric oxygen concentration: significant factor neglected in fire models
Authors: Li Yujie , Gao Xiaoqing , Li Zhenchao , Yang Liwei , Zhou Xiyin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Wildfires have great impact on the global ecosystem and human society, so the prediction and prevention of wildfires is necessary. This study used the MOD14A2 data, the NCEP/NCAR and ERA5 Reanalysis data, the GFEDv4 data and the Scripps O2 data to analyze the correlations between the area of wildfires and meteorological elements, and used the oxygen concentration to improve the McArthur Forest Fire Danger Index (FFDI). The following results were obtained: 1) During 2001 to 2015, the year of 2002 was the year with the most wildfires in the world, and August was the month with the most wildfires in a year. Northern Africa, Southern Africa and South America are the main wildfires-affected areas, accounting for nearly 80% of the global wildfires area in these 15 years. 2) Globally, the correlation coefficient between temperature and wildfires area is 0.47; for wind speed, it is 0.17; for precipitation, it is -0.41; for relative humidity, it is -0.19; and for oxygen concentration, it is more than 0.6. 3) The improved McArthur Forest Fire Danger Index (FFDInew) constructed by using the original FFDI and oxygen concentration can better reflect the fire risk in Australia. This study emphasized the important impact of changes in oxygen concentration on fires. It is of great significance for the management, prediction and prevention of wildfires.