bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Visible‐Light Switching of Metallosupramolecular Assemblies**
Authors: Kennedy Aaron D. W. , DiNardi Ray G. , Fillbrook Lucy L. , Donald William A. , Beves Jonathon E. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA photoswitchable ligand and palladium(II) ions form a dynamic mixture of self‐assembled metallosupramolecular structures. The photoswitching ligand is an ortho‐fluoroazobenzene with appended pyridyl groups. Combining the E‐isomer with palladium(II) salts affords a double‐walled triangle with composition [Pd3L6]6+ and a distorted tetrahedron [Pd4L8]8+ (1 : 2 ratio at 298 K). Irradiation with 410 nm light generates a photostationary state with approximately 80 % of the E‐isomer of the ligand and results in the selective disassembly of the tetrahedron, the more thermodynamically stable structure, and the formation of the triangle, the more kinetically inert product. The triangle is then slowly transformed back into the tetrahedron over 2 days at 333 K. The Z‐isomer of the ligand does not form any well‐defined structures and has a thermal half‐life of 25 days at 298 K. This approach shows how a thermodynamically preferred self‐assembled structure can be reversibly pumped to a kinetic trap by small perturbations of the isomer distribution using non‐destructive visible light.
Nonparametric confidence regions via the analytic wild bootstrap
Authors: Burak Katherine L. , Kashlak Adam B. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe wild bootstrap is a nonparametric tool that can be used to estimate a sampling distribution in the presence of heteroscedastic errors. In particular, the wild bootstrap enables us to compute confidence regions for regression parameters under non‐i.i.d. models. While the wild bootstrap may perform well in these settings, its obvious drawback is a lack of computational efficiency. The wild bootstrap requires a large number of bootstrap replications, making the use of this tool impractical when dealing with big data. We introduce the analytic wild bootstrap (ANWB), which provides a nonparametric alternative way of constructing confidence regions for regression parameters. The ANWB is superior to the wild bootstrap from a computational standpoint while exhibiting similar finite‐sample performance. We report simulation results for both least squares and ridge regression. Additionally, we test the ANWB on a real dataset and compare its performance with that of other standard approaches.
Taxonomy grooming algorithm ‐ An autodidactic domain specific dimensionality reduction approach for fast clustering of social media text data
Authors: Renjith Shini , Sreekumar A. , Jathavedan M. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSocial media being the most eminent source toward the growth of big data is important for information retrieval‐based applications to improve the efficiency in proportional to the volume it must deal with. One way to achieve better performance is to upgrade the processing capacity and the alternative option is to improve the processing methodology. The latter can be achieved using smarter processing techniques and/or better algorithms. Reducing the data volume that needs to be processed is a good strategy and it can be achieved by extracting only the relevant information via user segmentation by adopting an appropriate clustering technique. However, while dealing with text content, clustering algorithms do suffer due to the very high dimensions to be dealt with. Since the domain‐specific aspects are getting lost while applying traditional dimensionality reduction approaches, it is important to device an alternate strategy. This work proposes a taxonomy grooming algorithm (TGA), an autodidactic domain‐specific dimensionality reduction approach, for fast clustering of social media text data. Our experiment results are very promising and the dimensionality reduction using TGA resulted in better results in comparison with the traditional dimensionality reduction approaches.
Improved spider monkey optimization‐based multi‐objective software‐defined networking routing with block chain technology for Internet of Things security
Authors: Manocha Prabhjot Singh , Kumar Rajiv 
Published: February 2022

AbstractInternet of Things (IoT) can be connected with remote smart devices to offer global connectivity, which consists of handling, sensing, and transmission of real‐time data gathered from different devices with human intervention. The conventional security schemes are also faced with limitations like collecting and monitoring data through the IoT network to provide defense against cyber‐attacks for delivering the optimal security. To address the current challenges, this proposed model plans for integrating the energy‐efficient software‐defined networking (SDN) and block chain‐based IoT networks. The proposed model adopts a new meta‐heuristic‐based clustering protocol for optimal communication. The architecture uses the private and public block chains for offering the peer to peer communication to eliminate the proof‐of‐work (POW) issue. The contribution of a deep learning algorithm called optimized deep neural network (ODNN) is employed for detecting the malicious IoT device based on the energy characteristics of each node. Once the malicious nodes are detected, the optimal cluster head selection and optimal routing is accomplished by the adoption of neighborhood‐based spider monkey optimization (N‐SMO). The experimentation results show that the proposed model ensures the efficient cluster head selection and optimal routing protocol on the cluster structure with the traditional meta‐heuristic‐based algorithms.
Yield and nut characteristics of hazelnut genotypes grown in San Joaquin Valley, California
Authors: Jenderek Maria M. , Serimian Jerry C. , Postman Joseph D. , Hummer Kim E. , Yeater Kathleen M. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWorldwide, hazelnut (Corylus spp.) (Family Betulaceae) is one of the most economically important nut crops cultivated in the northern hemisphere. With its tasty nuts valued on the global market, emerging discovery of the plant pharmaceutical properties, and its role in sustainable agroecosystems, there is a quest to find and develop cultivars suitable for new growing areas. In a 2‐yr study, 53 hazelnut accessions from the Corvallis germplasm collection were evaluated for nut yield, kernel percentage, weight, and shape in the San Joaquin Valley (SJV) of California. The best traits were observed for ‘Lewis’ (PI 617210) and ‘Ennis’ (PI 557045); however, a few other accessions showed characteristics supporting cultivation in the SJV growing conditions. These findings might serve as a guidance for cultivar selection for farming in that region. The evaluation also contributed to the characterization of the USDA–ARS germplasm collection of Corylus.
Metallo‐Ligand Based 3d/4f Coordination Polymers: Synthesis, Structure and Magnetic Properties
Authors: Moutzouris Nikolaos , Moushi Eleni E. , Tziotzi Thomais G. , Tarlas Georgios D. , Tasiopoulos Anastasios J. , Escuer Albert , Papaefstathiou Giannis S. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractEmployment of N,N′‐bis(2‐hydroxy‐4‐carboxyphenyl)oxalamide (H6L) in Cu2+ chemistry afforded the mononuclear complex (Et4N)4[CuL] ⋅ 13H2O (A) which comprises a square planar [CuL]4− complex with several O donor atoms in its periphery. The 1 : 1 reaction between complex A and Ln(NO3)3 ⋅ xH2O (Ln=La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er and Yb, x=6 or 9) in 1 : 4 mixture of ethanol/water in the presence of excess of KCl yielded two families of isomorphous 3d/4f coordination polymers, namely (Et4N)0.5[K0.5(H2O)Ln(H2O)4(CuL)] ⋅ 3H2O [Ln=La(1), Ce(2), Pr(3), Nd(4), Sm(5), Eu(6) and Gd(7)] and [K(H2O)Ln(H2O)4(CuL)] ⋅ ⋅6H2O [Ln=Tb(8), Dy(9), Ho(10), Er(11) and Yb(12)]. The crystal structures of 2–4 revealed the presence of 3D coordination polymers while the crystal structure of 9 the presence of a 2D coordination polymer. In both 3d/4f families, complex A retains its original structure and serves as a “metallo‐ligand”. The magnetic properties of 2–4, 7–9, 11 and 12 are discussed.
Brain H+/CO2 sensing and control by glial cells
Authors: Gourine Alexander V. , Dale Nicholas 
Published: February 2022

AbstractMaintenance of constant brain pH is critically important to support the activity of individual neurons, effective communication within the neuronal circuits, and, thus, efficient processing of information by the brain. This review article focuses on how glial cells detect and respond to changes in brain tissue pH and concentration of CO2, and then trigger systemic and local adaptive mechanisms that ensure a stable milieu for the operation of brain circuits. We give a detailed account of the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying sensitivity of glial cells to H+ and CO2 and discuss the role of glial chemosensitivity and signaling in operation of three key mechanisms that work in concert to keep the brain pH constant. We discuss evidence suggesting that astrocytes and marginal glial cells of the brainstem are critically important for central respiratory CO2 chemoreception—a fundamental physiological mechanism that regulates breathing in accord with changes in blood and brain pH and partial pressure of CO2 in order to maintain systemic pH homeostasis. We review evidence suggesting that astrocytes are also responsible for the maintenance of local brain tissue extracellular pH in conditions of variable acid loads associated with changes in the neuronal activity and metabolism, and discuss potential role of these glial cells in mediating the effects of CO2 on cerebral vasculature.
Sinonasal B‐cell lymphomas: A nationwide cohort study, with an emphasis on the prognosis and the recurrence pattern of primary diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma
Authors: Eriksen Patrick R. G. , Clasen‐Linde Erik , Nully Brown Peter de , Haunstrup Laura , Christoffersen Mette , Asdahl Peter , Thomsen Troels Møller , Harwood Cecilie Dupont , Heegaard Steffen , Buchwald Christian von 
Published: February 2022

AbstractLymphomas of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses (NPS) are rare. Knowledge on sinonasal B‐cell lymphoma (SNBCL) primarily comes from case series or single‐center studies on small cohorts. We sought to determine the subtype distribution, clinical characteristics, disease behavior, and prognosis on a nationwide scale, with an emphasis on prognostic factors for the most common sinonasal lymphoma, primary sinonasal diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (PSDLBCL). We collated all data from medical records and national databases on patients registered with SNBCL from 1980 through 2018 in the national pathology registry and collected all tissue samples for validation of diagnosis. We included 205 patients and found 10 different subtypes of lymphoma. Diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) was the predominant subtype (80%). The incidence of SNBCL was 0.14/100,000 person‐years. The five‐year progression‐free survival (PFS) and overall survival rates for PSDLBCL were 50% and 56%, respectively. For PSDLBCL, Rituximab showed a statistically significant effect (Hazard Ratio 0.22, p < 0.001), whereas consolidative radiotherapy combined with immunochemotherapy was of limited value (PFS, p = 0.93). When treatment failure occurred, DLBCL showed a distinct pattern of recurrence/dissemination to the NPS, skin, breast, central nervous system (CNS), and/or testis. Collectively, DLBCL comprised a clear majority of SNBCLs, although nine other subtypes were represented. Data showed that immunochemotherapy increased survival for PSDLBCL and that the addition of radiotherapy did not benefit patients. Furthermore, treatment failure for sinonasal DLBCL showed a possible common pathogenesis with primary extranodal lymphomas of specific locations (e.g., CNS, skin, breast, and testis).
Investigation of subsurface connectivity and subsurface stormflow in low mountain ranges—Findings from the two research catchments Obere Brachtpe and Bohlmicke (Germany)
Authors: Chifflard Peter , Zepp Harald 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe two small research catchments Obere Brachtpe (2.6 km2; 50.989986, 7.752013) and Bohlmicke (1 km2, 51.079319, 7.892988) are located in the Rhenish Massif, a low mountain range in Germany. Land use in both catchments is dominated by pasture land, spruce stands and mixed forests. Mean annual temperature is 9.1°C, and mean annual total precipitation is 1250 mm, with 15%–20% of the annual precipitation falling as snow. The geology is characterized by sandy silty clay shale from the Lower and Middle Devonian. Loamy Cambisols derived from periglacial slope deposits, complemented by Leptosols and Stagnosols, are the most prominent soils in the catchments. Long‐term hydrological datasets of precipitation, throughfall, discharge, groundwater levels and soil moisture (at different soil depths) in a high temporal and spatial resolution are available for further scientific analysis. Both catchments were monitored within the time period 1999 and 2009, in order to understand how the antecedent soil moisture, stratified soils (periglacial cover beds) and topography (slope form) impacted the subsurface connectivity, and the subsurface stormflow generation ‐ a dominant runoff generation process in humid mountainous catchments. Detailed physically based investigations on runoff processes were carried out, and the obtained results helped to better understand subsurface stormflow generation and subsurface connectivity dynamics. The process knowledge gained, which was presented at several conferences, as well as publications, was the basis for the discussion of open questions within the scientific network ‘Subsurface Stormflow ‐ A well‐recognized, but still challenging process in Catchment Hydrology’ (2016–2021), and the research unit ‘Fast and invisible: conquering subsurface stormflow through an interdisciplinary multisite approach’ (2022–2025), both financed by the German Research Foundation (DFG).
Mortality of workers employed in refractory ceramic fiber manufacturing: An update
Authors: LeMasters Grace , Lockey James E. , Hilbert Timothy J. , Burkle Jeff W. , Rice Carol H. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis study evaluates the possible association between refractory ceramic fiber (RCF) exposure and all causes of death. Current and former employees (n = 1,119) hired from 1952 to 1999 at manufacturing facilities in New York (NY) state and Indiana were included. Work histories and quarterly plant‐wide sampling from 1987 to 2015 provided cumulative fiber exposure (CFE) estimates. The full cohort was evaluated as well as individuals with lower and higher exposure, <45 and ≥45 fiber‐months/cc. The Life‐Table‐Analysis‐System was used for all standardized mortality rates (SMRs). Person‐years at risk were accumulated from start of employment until 12/31/2019 or date of death. There was no significant association with all causes, all cancers, or lung cancer in any group. In the higher exposed, there was a significant elevation in both malignancies of the “urinary organs” (SMR = 3.59, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.44, 7.40) and “bladder or other urinary site” (SMR = 4.04, 95% CI 1.10, 10.36), which persisted in comparison to regional mortality rates from NY state and Niagara County. However, six of the nine workers with urinary cancers were known smokers. In the lower exposed, there was a significant elevation in malignancies of the lymphatic and hematopoietic system (SMR = 2.54, 95% CI 1.27, 4.55) and leukemia (SMR = 4.21, 95% CI 1.69, 8.67). There was one pathologically unconfirmed mesothelioma death. A second employee currently living with a pathologically confirmed mesothelioma was identified, but the SMR was non‐significant when both were included in the analyses. The association of these two mesothelioma cases with RCF exposure alone is unclear because of potential past exposure to asbestos.
How surface coatings on titanium implants affect keratinized tissue: A systematic review
Authors: Van den Borre Casper E. , Zigterman Brandaan G. R. , Mommaerts Maurice Y. , Braem Annabel 
Published: February 2022

AbstractApart from osseointegration, the stability and long‐term survival of percutaneous titanium implants is also strongly dependent on a qualitative soft‐tissue integration in the transcutaneous region. A firm connective tissue seal is needed to minimize soft‐tissue dehiscence and epithelial downgrowth. It is well‐known that the implant surface plays a key role in controlling the biological response of the surrounding keratinized tissue and several coating systems have been suggested to enhance the soft‐tissue cell interactions. Although some promising results have been obtained in vitro, their clinical significance can be debated. Therefore, the purpose of this systematic review is to gain more insight into the effect of such coatings on the interface formed with keratinized soft‐tissue in vivo. A comprehensive search was undertaken in March 2021. Relevant electronic databases were consulted to identify appropriate studies using a set of search strings. In total, 12 out of 4971 publications were included in this review. The reported coating systems were assigned to several subgroups according to their characteristics: metallic, ceramic and composite. Notwithstanding the differences in study characteristics (animal model, implantation period, reported outcomes), it was noticed that several coatings improve the soft‐tissue integration as compared to pristine titanium. Porous titanium coatings having only limited pore sizes (<250 μm) do not support dermal fibroblast tissue attachment. Yet, larger pores (>700 μm) allow extensive vascularized soft‐tissue infiltration, thereby supporting cell attachment. Nanostructured ceramic coatings are found to reduce the inflammatory response in favor of the formation of cell adhesive structures, that is, hemidesmosomes. Biomolecule coatings seem of particular interest to stimulate the soft‐tissue behavior provided that a durable fixation to the implant surface can be ensured. In this respect, fibroblast growth factor‐2 entrapped in a biomimetic apatite coating instigates a close to natural soft‐tissue attachment with epidermal collagen fibers attaching almost perpendicular to the implant surface. However, several studies had limitations with respect to coating characterization and detailed soft‐tissue analysis, small sample size and short implantation periods. To date, robust and long‐term in vivo studies are still lacking. Further investigation is required before a clear consensus on the optimal coating system allowing enhancing the soft‐tissue seal around percutaneous titanium implants can be reached.
Difference in the atmospheric water cycle over the Hengduan Mountains between wet and dry summers
Authors: Zhao Yin , Li Jian , Li Puxi 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe atmospheric water cycle over the Hengduan Mountains (HM) is crucial to the local and downstream ecosystem and social economy, while its characteristics and variability have not been thoroughly revealed yet. Based on a bulk method, the atmospheric water cycle over the HM and its difference between wet and dry summers is analysed in this study. Results show that the summer precipitation recycling ratio over the HM is 11.5% in climatology and is significantly and negatively correlated with precipitation there on interannual timescale. In wet summers, the precipitation recycling ratio decreases by 13% compared to dry summers. The origin of water vapour for precipitation over the HM is mainly contributed by the external water vapour transport (local evaporation) in wet (dry) summers. August is found to have the strongest climatological mean precipitation recycling ratio (15.2%) and atmospheric water cycle among 3 months in summer. Also in August, the difference in precipitation recycling ratio between wet and dry summers is largest. In wet summers, although the increase in the external moisture inflow is the largest in June (3.0 × 107 kg·s−1), the increase of precipitation is the largest in August (2.6 × 107 kg·s−1) due to its stronger atmospheric water cycle. Our study promotes the knowledge of the atmospheric water cycle over the HM and provides a new perspective to understand the interannual variations of the precipitation over the HM.
Rapid determination of Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin B in milk using Raman spectroscopy and chemometric methods
Authors: Du Yuwan , Huang Hui , Peng Yuan , Wang Jiang , Gao Zhixian 
Published: February 2022

AbstractStaphylococcus aureus enterotoxin B poses a serious threat to human health and therefore requires rapid detection. This work is based on Raman spectroscopy to predict the concentration of enterotoxin B in prepared milk samples based on a comparison of four chemometric methods. Based on 31 variables selected by a competitive adaptive reweighting algorithm, valid information could be obtained from 166 spectral data, and a value of 0.2 ng·L−1 of enterotoxin B in milk was detected by the competitive adaptive reweighting algorithm combined with a support vector machine regression prediction model. The correlation coefficients Rc and Rp for the training and test sets (3:1) were 0.9255 and 0.95159, respectively. Study demonstrated the feasibility of a Raman spectroscopy‐based method combined with a chemometric approach for the rapid and effective detection of S. aureus enterotoxin B concentrations in milk.
An in vitro 3D annulus fibrosus cell culture model with type I collagen: An examination of cell–matrix interactions
Authors: Molladavoodi Sara , DeWitte‐Orr Stephanie J. , Gregory Diane E. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundDisorders of the intervertebral disc (IVD) are widely known to result in low back pain; one of the most common debilitating conditions worldwide. As a multifaceted condition, both inflammatory environment and mechanical factors can play a crucial role in IVD damage, and in particular, in the annulus fibrosus (AF), the highly collagenous outer ring of the IVD. As a result, a better understanding of how cells from the IVD, and specifically the AF, interact and respond to their environment is imperative.GoalThe goal of this study is to use collagen type I as an in vitro three‐dimensional extracellular matrix for AF cells of IVD and briefly examine both the cellular and mechanical effect of exposure to an inflammatory stimulant.MethodsWe utilized type I collagen as a 3D in vitro model material for culturing AF cells of Sprague Dawley rat tail IVDs.ResultsWe showed that the cultured cells are viable and metabolically active; these cells also induced a distinct and significant contraction on their collagen matrix. Furthermore, to demonstrate potential versatility of our model our model and its versatility, we used lipopolysaccharide (LPS), as a known inflammatory stimulant in IVDs, to manipulate the cells and their interaction. LPS treatment resulted in detectable changes to the contraction cells induced on the collagen matrix and affected the mechanical properties of these constructs.