bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ALGUNAS DUDAS SOBRE EL IMPACTO DE LA INTELIGENCIA ARTIFICIAL EN EL DERECHO. UN DIAGNÓSTICO TENTATIVO PARA SUPERARLO MEDIANTE NUEVAS OPCIONES Y VIEJAS AMISTADES
Authors: Uscamayta Gabriel Eduardo 
Published: May 2022

El presente trabajo aborda algunos impactos que generarán las tecnologías en el derecho en un futuro no tan lejano. Para ello, abordo en primer término a modo de introducción, y de manera didáctica, uno de los últimos sucesos disruptivos de la inteligencia artificial en los e-sports. Paso seguido, me valgo de esta pequeña introducción para hacer algunas analogías en el derecho. Posteriormente, me centro en la automatización de labores jurídicas y planteo la posibilidad de distinguir entre la automatización total y la de algunas actividades jurídicas, haciendo énfasis en la búsqueda inteligente del material normativo como uno de los avances más significativos. Dicho ello, paso a analizar someramente la situación de la educación legal en Perú y revisar si hay algún interés por la tecnología. Finalmente, argumento sobre algunas alternativas para amortiguar el impacto de la inteligencia artificial y las nuevas tecnologías en la enseñanza del derecho, acudiendo a la revalorización de algunos cursos, pero sobre todo por la apuesta en la ingeniería de conocimiento jurídico, el análisis de procesos jurídicos y el legal management.
The profile of cognitive impairment and hemodynamic compromise in moyamoya: a single-center prospective cohort study
Authors: Kronenburg Annick , Deckers Pieter T. , van den Berg Esther , van Schooneveld Monique M. , Vonken Evert-Jan , van der Zwan Albert , van Berckel Bart N. M. , Yaqub Maqsood , Otte Willem , Klijn Catharina J. M. , Braun Kees P. J. 
Published: May 2022

OBJECTIVE
Patients with moyamoya vasculopathy often experience cognitive impairments. In this prospective single-center study, the authors investigated the profile of neurocognitive impairment and its relation with the severity of ischemic brain lesions and hemodynamic compromise.

METHODS
Patients treated in a Dutch tertiary referral center were prospectively included. All patients underwent standardized neuropsychological evaluation, MRI, digital subtraction angiography, and [15O]H2O-PET (to measure cerebrovascular reactivity [CVR]). The authors determined z-scores for 7 cognitive domains and the proportion of patients with cognitive impairment (z-score < −1.5 SD in at least one domain). The authors explored associations between patient characteristics, imaging and CVR findings, and cognitive scores per domain by using multivariable linear regression and Bayesian regression analysis.

RESULTS
A total of 40 patients (22 children; 75% females) were included. The median age for children was 9 years (range 1–16 years); for adults it was 39 years (range 19–53 years). Thirty patients (75%) had an infarction, and 31 patients (78%) had impaired CVR (steal phenomenon). Six of 7 cognitive domains scored below the population norm. Twenty-nine patients (73%) had cognitive impairment. Adults performed better than children in the cognitive domain visuospatial functioning (p = 0.033, Bayes factor = 4.0), and children performed better in processing speed (p = 0.041, Bayes factor = 3.5). The authors did not find an association between infarction, white matter disease, or CVR and cognitive domains.

CONCLUSIONS
In this Western cohort, cognitive functioning in patients with moyamoya vasculopathy was below the population norm, and 73% had cognitive impairment in at least one domain. The cognitive profile differed between adults and children. The authors could not find an association with imaging findings.
Internal neurolysis versus intraoperative glycerin rhizotomy for trigeminal neuralgia
Authors: Xu Risheng , Materi Joshua , Raj Divyaansh , Alomari Safwan , Xia Yuanxuan , Nair Sumil K. , Shah Pavan P. , Kannapadi Nivedha , Kim Timothy , Huang Judy , Bettegowda Chetan , Lim Michael 
Published: May 2022

OBJECTIVE
Internal neurolysis (IN) and intraoperative glycerin rhizotomy (ioGR) are emerging surgical options for patients with trigeminal neuralgia without neurovascular contact. The objective of this study was to compare the neurological outcomes of patients who underwent IN with those of patients who underwent ioGR.

METHODS
The authors retrospectively reviewed all patients who underwent IN or ioGR for trigeminal neuralgia at our institution. Patient demographic characteristics and immediate postoperative outcomes, as well as long-term neurological outcomes, were compared.

RESULTS
Of 1044 patients who underwent open surgical treatment for trigeminal neuralgia, 56 patients underwent IN and 91 underwent ioGR. Of these 147 patients, 37 had no evidence of intraoperative neurovascular conflict. All patients who underwent IN and 96.7% of patients who underwent ioGR had immediate postoperative pain relief. At last follow-up, patients who underwent IN had lower Barrow Neurological Institute (BNI) pain intensity scores (p = 0.05), better BNI facial numbness scores (p < 0.01), and a greater degree of pain improvement (p = 0.05) compared with those who underwent ioGR. Patients who underwent IN also had significantly lower rates of symptomatic pain recurrence (p < 0.01) at last follow-up over an average of 9.5 months.

CONCLUSIONS
IN appears to provide patients with a greater degree of pain relief, lower rates of facial numbness, and lower rates of pain recurrence compared with ioGR. Future prospective studies will better characterize long-term pain recurrence and outcomes.
Fístula gastrocólica secundaria a cáncer de colon
Authors: Irigoyen Virginia , Espinosa Gabriela , Massaferro Gabriel , Viola Marcelo 
Published: May 2022

La fístula gastrocólica descrita en 1755 por Albrecht von Haller, se define como la comunicación anormal entre el colon generalmente transverso y estómago en su curvatura mayor.
Se conocen distintas etiologías, siendo un hallazgo poco frecuente con escasos reportes en la literatura.
Se presenta el caso de una paciente de 85 años con historia de anemia y adelgazamiento que consulta por cuadro de vómitos fecaloideos, sin alteraciones de tránsito digestivo bajo, sin dolor ni distensión abdominal con ruidos hidroaéreos normales y sonda nasogástrica con contenido fecaloideo.
La Tomografía (fig. 1) confirma una lesión de probable etiología maligna del ángulo esplénico del colon fistulizado a estómago por lo que se decide la realización de una colectomía sectorial con anastomosis primaria y gastrectomía subtotal, evolucionando favorablemente con un alta a los 6 días. La anatomía patológica informa adenocarcinoma de colon moderadamente diferenciado con compromiso gástrico.
Comparison of wrought and additively manufactured IN718 concerning crack growth threshold and fatigue crack growth behaviour
Authors: Brune Timo , Kraemer Karl Michael , Kontermann Christian , Oechsner Matthias 
Published: May 2022

Rotary components in turbine machinery such as gas turbine blades and discs or turbocharger wheels need to be designed so that high cycle fatigue (HCF) loads are well below the fatigue endurance limit to ensure safe operation. This requires an accurate measurement of the fatigue endurance limit and the related intrinsic fatigue crack growth (FCG) threshold. Furthermore, knowing the FCG threshold is crucial in order to assess the criticality of initial defects (e.g. cavities, carbide nests, etc.). In this study, the influence of the manufacturing route on the FCG threshold and the FCG behaviour at 650 °C in air of the nickel based superalloy IN718 is investigated. For this, a per Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF) process manufactured version is compared to a conventionally wrought IN718 material state, both in the short and long crack regime. To measure crack growth increments of about 1 μm, an alternative pre-cracking and threshold test procedure is proposed for high temperature testing. To assess the behaviour of both material states in the short crack growth regime, cyclic R-curves have been generated taking the influence of two different R ratios into account. A further comparison of the FCG behaviour of the LPBF and the wrought material state is made on the basis of da/dN-ΔKI plots, with a focus on the Paris regime created from both classical FCG tests as well as continued threshold tests. The results observed are discussed in relation to the initial characterization of the two material states, which includes tensile tests at room temperature and at 650 °C as well as microstructural investigations.
Understanding DCPD signal changes when monitoring creep damage in metals
Authors: Wojcik A. , Santos A.S. , Waitt M. , Shibli A. 
Published: May 2022

The electrical potential drop (EPD) technique has previously shown promising results using a combination of AC and DC EPD (or DCPD) on large pressure vessel creep tests, detecting final cracking as well as incipient creep cavitation damage in welded P91 steel, with DCPD showing subtle but steady rises of around 5% over ca 10,000 h of testing before rising exponentially at failure. The work presented here has attempted to shed light upon this using a simple numerical model. The model uses an array of spherical cavities to constrain the current path and hence raise the DCPD, however it was only able to show a modest rise in DCPD, and not match experimentally determined rises. Modelled DCPD values were a fifth of those experimentally observed, but both the nature of the model (simplified to aid timely computation) and the assumption that only cavitation is responsible for the changes seen, could be the reason for the discrepancies reported here. The possibility remains that other mechanisms are at play, which could magnify the measured DCPD – particularly those mechanisms that could be associated with embryonic or micro-crack formation, and these are discussed herein.
ANALISIS USAHATANI JAGUNG HIBRIDA TANPA OLAH TANAH DAN DENGAN OLAH TANAH (Kasus di KWT Serumpun Indah, Desa Padang Lebar, Kecamatan Pino – Bengkulu Selatan)
Authors: Emlan Fauzi , Robiyanto  , Firison Jhon , Kusnadi Harwi , Ishak Andi , Abasudi  
Published: May 2022

Petani jagung di Desa Padang Lebar masih membudidayakan jagung tanpa olah tanah walau telah direkomendasikan PPL untuk membudidayakan jagung dengan sistem olah tanah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan perbandingan analisis usahatani jagung tanpa olah tanah dan dengan olah tanah. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kelompok Wanita Tani (KWT) Serumpun Indah Desa Padang Lebar Kecamatan Pino Kabuaten Bengkulu Selatan pada bulan Agustus sampai November 2021 pada lahan seluas 0,5 hektar. Data yang dikumpulkan meliputi biaya input masing-masing sistem olah tanah, hasil panen, dan hasil penjualan. Data dianalisis dengan R/C ratio. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa budidaya jagung dengan olah tanah meningkatkan produktivitas tanaman jagung dan keuntungan usahatani dibandingkan dengan tanpa olah tanah. Sosialisasi hasil perlu dilakukan PPL untuk mendorong budidaya jagung dengan olah tanah kepada petani.
Kata kunci : Jagung, Biaya, Penerimaan, Pendapatan
Corn farmers in Padang Lebar Village still cultivate corn without tillage, even though it has been recommended by PPL to cultivate corn with tillage system. This study aims to compare the analysis of hybrid corn farming without tillage and with tillage. The research was carried out at KWT Serumpun Indah, Padang Lebar Village, Pino District, South Bengkulu Regency from August to November 2021 on an area of 0.5 hectares. The data collected includes the input costs of each tillage system, crop yields, and sales results. Data were analyzed by R/C ratio. The results showed that maize cultivation with tillage increased maize productivity and farm profits compared to no tillage. PPL needs to socialize the results to encourage corn cultivation by tillage to farmers.
Keywords : Corn, Cost, Income, Revenue
Colistin Resistance and Molecular Characterization of the Genomes of mcr-1-Positive Escherichia coli Clinical Isolates
Authors: Li Qiaoling , Qian Changrui , Zhang Xueya , Zhu Tingting , Shi Weina , Gao Mengdi , Feng Chunlin , Xu Ming , Lin Hailong , Lin Li , Lu Junwan , Lin Xi , Li Kewei , Xu Teng , Bao Qiyu , Li Changchong , Zhang Hailin 
Published: May 2022

Research on resistance against polymyxins induced by the mcr-1 gene is gaining interest. In this study, using agar dilution method, polymerase chain reaction, and comparative genomic analysis, we investigated the colistin resistance mechanism of clinical E. coli isolates. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) analysis results revealed that of the 515 isolates tested, bacteria with significantly increased MIC levels against colistin were isolated in 2019. Approximately one-fifth (17.14% to 19.65%) of the isolates showed MIC values ≥1 mg/L against colistin in 2015, 2016, and 2017. However, in 2019, up to three-quarters (74.11%, 146/197) of the isolates showed MIC values ≥1 mg/L against colistin indicating an increase in colistin resistance. Six isolates (EC7518, EC4968, EC3769, EC16, EC117, EC195, 1.13%, 6/515) were found to carry the mcr-1 gene and a novel mcr-1 variant with Met2Ile mutation was identified in EC3769. All six strains showed higher MIC levels (MIC=4 mg/L) than any mcr-1-negative strains (MIC ≤ 2 mg/L). Whole-genome sequencing of the six mcr-1-positive isolates revealed that EC195 carried the highest number of resistance genes (n = 28), nearly a half more than those of the following EC117 (n = 19). Thus, EC195 showed a wider resistance spectrum and higher MIC levels against the antimicrobials tested than the other five isolates. Multi-locus sequence typing demonstrated that these mcr-1-positive strains belonged to six different sequence types. The six mcr-1 genes were located in three different incompatibility group plasmids (IncI2, IncHI2 and IncX4). The genetic context of mcr-1 was related to a sequence derived from Tn6330 (ISApl1-mcr-1-pap2-ISApl1). Investigations into the colistin resistance mechanism and characterization of the molecular background of the mcr genes may help trace the development and spread of colistin resistance in clinical settings.
Time to Death and Its Determinant Factors Among Patients With Chronic Heart Failure in Northwest Ethiopia: A Retrospective Study at Selected Referral Hospitals
Authors: Moyehodie Yikeber Abebaw , Muluneh Mitiku Wale , Belay Alebachew Taye , Fenta Setegn Muche 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundHeart failure (HF) is a major health problem that affects patients and healthcare systems worldwide. It is the leading cause of morbidity and death and negatively impacts the quality of life, healthcare costs, and longevity. However, the causes of death were not well defined. This study aimed to identify the determinants of death among patients with HF in the Amhara Region, Northwest Ethiopia.MethodsA multicenter retrospective cohort study was conducted on 285 patients in the age group 15 years or older under follow-up from 1 January 2015 to 31 December 2019. Descriptive analyses were summarized using the Kaplan–Meier survival curve and the log-rank test. Then, the Cox-proportional hazard regression model was employed to estimate the hazard of death up to 5 years after they were admitted to the HF department to follow up on their treatment.ResultsOut of 285 patients with HF, 93(32.6%) of the respondents were dying within 5 years of follow-up. Anemia was the common comorbid disease (30.5%), and valvular heart disease was the most common etiology (33.7%) of chronic heart failure in this study. This study showed a significant mortality difference between hospitals. HF patients with hypertension [adjusted hazard ratio (AHR): 3.5076, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.43, 8.60], anemia (AHR: 2.85, 95% 1.61, 5.03), pneumonia (AHR: 2.02, 95% 1.20, 3.39), chronic kidney disease (2.23, CI: 1.31, 3.77), and diabetes mellitus (AHR: 2.42, 95% CI: 1.43, 4.09) were at a higher risk of death. Moreover, patients with symptoms listed in the New York Heart Association Class (III and IV), Ischemic Heart Disease and unknown etiologies, men (AHR: 2.76, 95%:1.59, 4.78), and those with a high pulse rate (AHR: 1.02, 95%:1.00, 1.04) were at a higher risk of death.ConclusionThere was a mortality difference between hospitals. This study has revealed that HF patients with anemia, diabetes mellitus, pneumonia, hypertension, chronic kidney disease, HF etiologies, severe New York Heart Association Class (III and IV), men, and high pulse rate were the main factors associated with death. Health professionals could give more attention to patients whose pulse rate is high, men, and a patient who had comorbidities in the ward.
Case Report: Family Curse: An SCN5A Mutation, c.611C>A, p.A204E Associated With a Family History of Dilated Cardiomyopathy and Arrhythmia
Authors: Huang Wen , Xu Rui , Gao Ning , Wu Xia , Wen Cong 
Published: May 2022

ObjectiveWe report a 3-generation family with SCN5A c.611 C&gt;A rare variant, whose clinical characteristics are dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) combined with multifocal ectopic Purkinje-related premature contractions (MEPPC). We tried to explain why the same SCN5A variant carriers had different phenotypes.MethodsWe collected the clinical data from the family, and followed up this family members. Genetic testing was done for whom DNA samples could be collected.ResultsInformation was collected from 15 people in this family, 8 of whom had genetic testing. The SCN5A variant was present in all patients of this family, whose clinical features showed DCM combined with MEPPC. The proband's children developed DCM and MEPPC in their childhood. They both carried a SCN5A p.A204E mutation from their mother and a mutation PRKAG2 p.D372N from their father. The son did heart transplant and his heart was both dilated and thickened. The pathology confirmed the presence of glycogen accumulation in the myocardium, which were consistent with the diagnosis of PAKAG2 syndrome.ConclusionSCN5A c.611 C&gt;A variant was related to DCM combined with MEPPC. This case report is the first to demonstrate that a combination of SCN5A and PRKAG2 mutations can cause DCM plus MEPPC and PRKAG2 Syndrome.
Effect of Alirocumab on Coronary Calcification in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Gao Fei , Li Yue Ping , Ma Xiao Teng , Wang Zhi Jian , Shi Dong Mei , Zhou Yu Jie 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundProprotein convertase subtilisin kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors have been documented with significantly reduction in LDL cholesterol levels and cardiovascular events. However, evidence regarding the impact of PCSK9 inhibitors on coronary calcification is limited.MethodsEligible patients with intermediate coronary lesions and elevated LDL cholesterol values were randomized to either alirocumab 75 mg Q2W plus statin (atorvastatin 20 mg/day or rosuvastatin 10 mg/day) therapy or standard statin therapy. Calcium score based on coronary computed tomographic angiography at baseline and follow up were compared.ResultsCompared with baseline levels, LDL cholesterol were significantly decreased in both groups, while the absolute reduction of LDL cholesterol levels were higher in patients treated with alirocumab (1.69 ± 0.52 vs. 0.92 ± 0.60, P &lt; 0.0001). Additionally, patients in alirocumab group demonstrated a significant reduction of Lp(a) levels, whereas it was not observed in the standard statin group. Notably, greater increases in the percentage changes of CAC score (10.6% [6.3–23.3] vs. 2.9% [−6.7–8.3]; P &lt; 0.0001) were observed in the statin group compared to the alirocumab group. Consistently, CAC progression was significantly lower in the alirocumab group than in the standard statin group (0.6 ± 2.2% vs. 2.7 ± 2.3%; P = 0.002).ConclusionsStudy indicated that administration of the PCSK9 inhibitors to statins produced significantly lower rate of CAC progression in patients with coronary artery disease. Further studies with CAC progression and their clinical outcomes are needed.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov, Identifier: NCT04851769.
Gradient Boosting Machine Learning Model for Defective Endometrial Receptivity Prediction by Macrophage-Endometrium Interaction Modules
Authors: Li Bohan , Duan Hua , Wang Sha , Wu Jiajing , Li Yazhu 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundA receptive endometrium is a prerequisite for successful embryo implantation. Mounting evidence shows that nearly one-third of infertility and implantation failures are caused by defective endometrial receptivity. This study pooled 218 subjects from multiple datasets to investigate the association of the immune infiltration level with reproductive outcome. Additionally, macrophage-endometrium interaction modules were constructed to explore an accurate and cost-effective approach to endometrial receptivity assessment.MethodsImmune-infiltration levels in 4 GEO datasets (n=218) were analyzed and validated through meta-analysis. Macrophage-endometrium interaction modules were selected based on the weighted gene co-expression network in GSE58144 and differentially expressed genes dominated by GSE19834 dataset. Xgboost, random forests, and regression algorithms were applied to predictive models. Subsequently, the efficacy of the models was compared and validated in the GSE165004 dataset. Forty clinical samples (RT-PCR and western blot) were performed for expression and model validation, and the results were compared to those of endometrial thickness in clinical pregnancy assessment.ResultsAltered levels of Mϕs infiltration were shown to critically influence embryo implantation. The three selected modules, manifested as macrophage-endometrium interactions, were enrichment in the immunoreactivity, decidualization, and signaling functions and pathways. Moreover, hub genes within the modules exerted significant reproductive prognostic effects. The xgboost algorithm showed the best performance among the machine learning models, with AUCs of 0.998 (95% CI 0.994-1) and 0.993 (95% CI 0.979-1) in GSE58144 and GSE165004 datasets, respectively. These results were significantly superior to those of the other two models (random forest and regression). Similarly, the model was significantly superior to ultrasonography (endometrial thickness) with a better cost-benefit ratio in the population.ConclusionSuccessful embryo implantation is associated with infiltration levels of Mϕs, manifested in genetic modules involved in macrophage-endometrium interactions. Therefore, utilizing the hub genes in these modules can provide a platform for establishing excellent machine learning models to predict reproductive outcomes in patients with defective endometrial receptivity.