bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental longitudinal evidence for causal role of social media use and physical activity in COVID-19 burden and mental health
Authors: Brailovskaia Julia , Swarlik Verena J. , Grethe Georg A. , Schillack Holger , Margraf Jürgen 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Aim
The COVID-19 outbreak has severely impacted people’s mental health. The present experimental study investigated how to reduce this negative effect by a combination of two interventions.

Subject and methods
Participants (Ntotal = 642) were users of social media in Germany. For two weeks, the social media group (N = 162) reduced its social media use (SMU) by 30 minutes daily, the physical activity group (N = 161) increased its physical activity by 30 minutes daily, the combination group (N = 159) followed both instructions, and the control group (N = 160) did not get specific instructions. Online surveys assessed variables of SMU, physical activity, mental health, COVID-19 burden, and lifestyle at six measurement time points up to six months after the intervention.

Results
In the experimental groups, (addictive) SMU, depression symptoms, and COVID-19 burden decreased, while physical activity, life satisfaction, and subjective happiness increased. All effects were stronger and more stable in the combination group in the longer-term. Smoking behavior decreased in the social media group only.

Conclusion
Thus, the conscious combination of less SMU and more physical activity leads causally to more psychological resilience against negative pandemic impacts and to higher levels of mental health over six months. Prevention programs could improve their effectiveness by integrating the time- and cost-efficient interventions – separately or in combination.
Graded hypoellipticity of BGG sequences
Authors: Dave Shantanu , Haller Stefan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis article studies hypoellipticity on general filtered manifolds. We extend the Rockland criterion to a pseudodifferential calculus on filtered manifolds, construct a parametrix and describe its precise analytic structure. We use this result to study Rockland sequences, a notion generalizing elliptic sequences to filtered manifolds. The main application that we present is to the analysis of the Bernstein–Gelfand–Gelfand (BGG) sequences over regular parabolic geometries. We do this by generalizing the BGG machinery to more general filtered manifolds (in a non-canonical way) and show that the generalized BGG sequences are Rockland in a graded sense.
Dynamic analysis and regulation of the flexible pipe conveying fluid with a hard-magnetic soft segment
Authors: Guo Zilong , Ni Qiao , Chen Wei , Dai Huliang , Wang Lin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe recently developed hard-magnetic soft (HMS) materials can play a significant role in the actuation and control of medical devices, soft robots, flexible electronics, etc. To regulate the mechanical behaviors of the cantilevered pipe conveying fluid, the present work introduces a segment made of the HMS material located somewhere along the pipe length. Based on the absolute node coordinate formulation (ANCF), the governing equations of the pipe conveying fluid with an HMS segment are derived by the generalized Lagrange equation. By solving the derived equations with numerical methods, the static deformation, linear vibration characteristic, and nonlinear dynamic response of the pipe are analyzed. The result of the static deformation of the pipe shows that when the HMS segment is located in the middle of the pipe, the downstream portion of the pipe centerline will keep a straight shape, providing that the pipe is stable with a relatively low flow velocity. Therefore, it is possible to precisely regulate the ejection direction of the fluid flow by changing the magnetic and fluid parameters. It is also found that the intensity and direction of the external magnetic field greatly affect the stability and dynamic response of the pipe with an HMS segment. In most cases, the magnetic actuation increases the critical flow velocity for the flutter instability of the pipe system and suppresses the vibration amplitude of the pipe.
Nudge Me If You Can! Why Order Ethicists Should Embrace the Nudge Approach
Authors: Mukerji Nikil , Mannino Adriano 
Published: September 2022

AbstractOrder ethicists favour incentives as a means for making moral progress but largely ignore an alternative method, namely, nudging, which has come to prominence through the work of behavioural scientists in recent years. In this paper, we suggest that this is a mistake. Order ethicists have no reason to ignore nudging as an alternative method. Arguments they might press against it include worries about paternalism, manipulation, autonomy, and unintended bad consequences. These are, we argue, largely unfounded insofar as they involve misconceptions or affect incentives as well. In particular, we contend that only some, but not all, nudges are paternalistic, manipulative, and autonomy-reducing. The same is true of incentives. Also, both nudges and incentives can have unintended bad consequences. Therefore, order ethicists cannot endorse arguments against nudges without undermining their favourable view of incentives. In addition, there might be positive reasons to prefer nudges to incentives, for instance, when they are more freedom-preserving, more effective, cheaper, easier to implement, or less inequality-inducing than the latter.
Hybrid films from cellulose nanomaterials—properties and defined optical patterns
Authors: Leppänen Ilona , Hokkanen Ari , Österberg Monika , Vähä-Nissi Mika , Harlin Ali , Orelma Hannes 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPolymer composites with nanocellulose as the reinforcing agent often lack good compatibility between the two components. In this study, we have combined cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) and cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) in different ratios to create all-cellulose films consisting of entirely discrete nanocellulose objects that complement each other. Then further, by applying the controlled dissolution concept we were able to create defined optical patterns on the films. The films consisting of 50% CNCs showed equivalent mechanical and barrier properties when compared to the pure CNF film. In addition, the incorporation of CNCs enabled tuning of the films’ optical properties. To modify this film further, we prepared specific patterns on the film by controlled dissolution by impregnating the films with N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide (NMMO) followed by heat treatment and pressure. Mechanical testing and optical measurements of the patterned films showed the effect of the dissolved cellulose regions on the film properties. The controlled dissolution of the films increased the tensile strength of the films, however, the strain was decreased quite significantly. Altogether, the CNF/CNC hybrid films combine both nanomaterials’ good properties. Cellulose nanofibrils have film-forming ability and incorporation of CNCs can further tune the optical, mechanical, and barrier properties, to optimize the films for varying applications such as optical sensors and packaging materials.
Graphical abstract
Extreme heat in New Zealand: a synthesis
Authors: Harrington Luke J. , Frame Dave 
Published: September 2022

AbstractExtreme heatwaves are among the fastest-changing meteorological hazards in a warming world. While likely also true for New Zealand, significant knowledge gaps exist relating to the current and future risks associated with extreme heat. Using high-quality station observations dating back to at least 1972, this study presents the first detailed synthesis of the severity, frequency, and persistence of extreme heat experienced by local communities in New Zealand. Results show the hottest days of the year have warmed by more than 0.5 °C over the last 20 years for many populated regions, a rate which exceeds average annual changes across the country. When evaluating the risks associated with unusually extreme events, complex regional differences emerge. While the East Coast of both islands witness higher absolute temperatures during local heatwaves, lower levels of day-to-day temperature variability in the northern half of the North Island will translate to larger risks with further warming over the twenty-first century.
On the applicability of the RETAS model for forecasting aftershock probability in underground mines (Kiirunavaara Mine, Sweden)
Authors: Gospodinov Dragomir , Dineva Savka , Dahnér-Lindkvist Christina 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAftershock series of even comparatively small seismic events can pose a risk to the mining operation or the personnel in deep underground mines as the main shocks and some of the aftershocks can cause damage in the rock mass. Stochastic modeling was applied in this study for the analysis of the temporal evolution of aftershock occurrence probability during a M1.85 aftershock sequence in Kiirunavaara Mine, Sweden. The Restricted Epidemic-Type Aftershock Sequence (RETAS) model was chosen for estimation of the aftershock occurrence probability. This model considers all events with magnitude above the magnitude of completeness M0 and has the advantage of including the Modified Omori Formula (MOF) model and Epidemic-Type Aftershock Sequence (ETAS) model as its end versions, considering also all intermediate models. The model was applied sequentially to data samples covering cumulative periods of time, starting from the first 2 h after the main event and increasing them by 2 h until the period covered the entire 72-h sequence. For each sample, the best-fit RETAS version was identified and the probability of a M ≥ 0.5 aftershock for every next 2 h was determined through Monte Carlo simulation. The feasibility of the resulting probability evolution for suspension and re-starting of the mining operations was discussed together with possible prospects for future development of the methodology.
Detecting nestedness in city parks for urban biodiversity conservation
Authors: Chen Rui-Qi , Cheng Su-Ting 
Published: September 2022

AbstractUrbanization has been a global phenomenon producing great environmental and ecological challenges including species composition shifts in urban areas. To evaluate the interaction networks of the inhabitant metacommunities in urban parks, we applied the nestedness analysis using ecological survey data of birds, reptiles, frogs, and butterflies among 16 parks in Taipei City of Taiwan and identified critical environmental factors for biodiversity conservation. Results found significant nestedness of the metacommunities among these parks, which indicated strong interaction networks and the importance of urban parks for sustaining these metacommunities. In addition, various types of land use had different effects on the species incidence of birds, reptiles, frogs, and butterflies. It demonstrates that landscape design should consider the taxonomic differences in the development of conservation guidelines. Results also showed that the area of parks and the area of woodlot in the park were critical elements for the nested structure. Nonetheless, abundant bird generalists were found to be highly related to the area of buildings within parks, distance to forests, rivers, and the neighbouring parks. Moreover, exotic species were found to affect the interaction networks of native species. However, based on the current information, we cannot confirm the actual effects of the exotic species on the native assemblages. Reptiles and frogs appeared to be more easily threatened by land development and habitat fragmentation due to their lower vagility. In this regard, we suggest that conservation action should focus on preserving green space with large areas and constructing green corridors, creating crucial elements, and increasing the vertical complexity in the parks for species with various vagilities. We believe these strategies can help reduce the impact of urbanization to retain healthy interactions and connections of metacommunities among habitats for effective biodiversity conservation in urban areas.
Interpretation of field tests using geo-statistics and Kriging to assess the deep vibratory compaction of the Dike A21, Diavik Diamond Mine
Authors: Schorr Joshua , Cudmani Roberto , Nübel Konrad 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis article presents an interpretation and statistical analysis of heavy dynamic probing (DPH) tests carried out on the compacted core of Dike A21, of the Diavik Diamond Mine. Due to the inhomogeneous and inherently random nature of soil and the uncertainties associated with even well controlled field tests such as DPH tests, the evaluation of in situ properties (such as density) should take into consideration the natural variability of the soil. Aided by the large amount of relatively concentrated field data, this paper presents a methodology for not only evaluating the field tests statistically through Kriging, but also for judging the compaction effort, taking into consideration the variability. This paper documents the necessary normalization procedure, analyzing a number of external factors such as the temperature, time since compaction (aging) and the presence of nearby works that may affect the field data. It was shown that the appraisal of soil improvement measures should consider the presence of natural and unavoidable fluctuations of the fill material. The Kriging estimate combined with an averaging procedure and subsequent comparison with the expected variability, quantified by the variogram, was applied which enabled the assessment of areas with insufficient compaction. Additionally, the influence of aging of the fill was demonstrated, where a clear increase in the DPH tests between 0 and 14 days since compaction was observed. It was also found that over-compaction leads typically to a lower relative density. The authors note that this statistical analysis was performed following the control and acceptance of the compaction of the dike and as such had no impact on the acceptance of the dike construction.
Cyborg Encounters: Three Art-Science Interactions
Authors: Okay Ayşe Melis , Taşdizen Burak , McKinnon Bell Charles John , Topdal Beyza Dilem , Şahinol Melike 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis contribution includes three selected works from an exhibition on Cyborg Encounters. These works deal with hybrid connections of human and non-human species that (might) emerge as a result of enhancement technologies and bio-technological developments. They offer not only an artistic exploration of contemporary but also futuristic aspects of the subject. Followed by an introduction by Melike Şahinol, Critically Endangered Artwork (by Ayşe Melis Okay) highlights Turkey’s ongoing problems of food poverty and the amount of decreasing agricultural lands. It displays seeds of a promising endemic plant to mitigate these problems using the seeds of the Thermopsis Turcica, a herbaceous perennial endemic plant. Ecomasculinist Pregnancy (by Burak Taşdizen and Charles John McKinnon Bell) follows the design fiction methodology and illustrates a future scenario through a patient’s diary and the medical letters he receives during his pregnancy with an extinct sea-lion. Polluted Homes (by Beyza Dilem Topdal) is a fictional art installation consisting of polychaete species evolved in time under the ecological circumstances prevalent in the Bosphorus and the Sea of Marmara today. These works show, that manufacturing life has consequences, not only for the human body and its physical appearance, but also, for example, for gender orders, the social structure of society, and even the environment, and thus for (re)shaping (non)living matter and their environments. This Art-Science Collection intends to provide an impetus for debate about the extent to which cyborg encounters should be taken seriously.
Nonparametric regression and classification with functional, categorical, and mixed covariates
Authors: Selk Leonie , Gertheiss Jan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe consider nonparametric prediction with multiple covariates, in particular categorical or functional predictors, or a mixture of both. The method proposed bases on an extension of the Nadaraya-Watson estimator where a kernel function is applied on a linear combination of distance measures each calculated on single covariates, with weights being estimated from the training data. The dependent variable can be categorical (binary or multi-class) or continuous, thus we consider both classification and regression problems. The methodology presented is illustrated and evaluated on artificial and real world data. Particularly it is observed that prediction accuracy can be increased, and irrelevant, noise variables can be identified/removed by ‘downgrading’ the corresponding distance measures in a completely data-driven way.
Mathematical optimization models for reallocating and sharing health equipment in pandemic situations
Authors: Blanco Víctor , Gázquez Ricardo , Leal Marina 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this paper we provide a mathematical programming based decision tool to optimally reallocate and share equipment between different units to efficiently equip hospitals in pandemic emergency situations under lack of resources. The approach is motivated by the COVID-19 pandemic in which many Heath National Systems were not able to satisfy the demand of ventilators, sanitary individual protection equipment or different human resources. Our tool is based in two main principles: (1) Part of the stock of equipment at a unit that is not needed (in near future) could be shared to other units; and (2) extra stock to be shared among the units in a region can be efficiently distributed taking into account the demand of the units. The decisions are taken with the aim of minimizing certain measures of the non-covered demand in a region where units are structured in a given network. The mathematical programming models that we provide are stochastic and multiperiod with different robust objective functions. Since the proposed models are computationally hard to solve, we provide adivide-et-conquermath-heuristic approach. We report the results of applying our approach to the COVID-19 case in different regions of Spain, highlighting some interesting conclusions of our analysis, such as the great increase of treated patients if the proposed redistribution tool is applied.
The relationship between familiarity, gender, disagreement, and status and bouts of solitary and joint laughter
Authors: McLachlan Angus 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe current research treated laughter as an indexical with two closely allied properties: to designate talk as non-serious and to serve as a mode of address signalling a preference for solidarity. These properties gave rise to four discrete forms of laughter bout, solitary speaker, solitary listener, speaker-initiated joint, and listener-initiated joint laughter, which were examined using 55 same-gender pairs discussing three choice dilemma items. By exploring the associations between the wider contextual factors of familiarity, gender, disagreement and status, and the frequencies of each form of bout within the dyad, it was hoped to establish whether laughter was related to how participants modulated their social relationships. Neither familiarity nor disagreement had any effect on any of the forms of laughter bout, while females were found to demonstrate higher frequencies of joint speaker laughter than males. In unequal status pairs, high status female staff joined in the laughter of their low status female student interlocutors less often than the reverse, a finding comparable with the exchange of other terms of address, such as second person pronouns in European languages. It was concluded that joint laughter was a signal of solidarity and solitary speaker laughter was a declared preference for solidarity, but the significance of solitary listener laughter, beyond an acknowledgement of the speaker’s non-serious talk, remained less clear. It was also noted that norms associated with the setting and topic of interaction were influential in determining the extent to which laughter would be used to modulate the relationships between interlocutors.
Hollow-Fiber Liquid-Phase Micro-Extraction Method for the Simultaneous Derivatization, Extraction, and Pre-concentration of Organotin Compounds from Packed Fruit Juices
Authors: González-Domínguez Raúl , Sayago Ana , Santos-Martín María , Fernández-Recamales Ángeles 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Organotin compounds are widely employed as pesticides and fungicides in agriculture and as stabilizers for the industrial manufacture of polyvinyl chloride and other polymers. Accordingly, these endocrine disruptors can be found in a variety of foods and beverages. In the present study, we describe the optimization of a hollow-fiber liquid-phase micro-extraction approach for the simultaneous derivatization, extraction, and pre-concentration of butyltin species from commercial fruit juices with the aim of investigating their migration from the packaging. The best extraction efficiencies were achieved by using hexane as the acceptor solvent and a polypropylene fiber length of 2 cm, whereas the agitation speed, extraction temperature, and total extraction time were set at 1100 rpm, 25 ºC, and 10 min, respectively. Using these optimal conditions, the method was satisfactorily validated in terms of linearity (5–1000 µg L−1), limits of detection (0.8–1.8 µg L−1), recovery (80.5–92.1%), intraday precision (10.2–13.1%), inter-day precision (11.0–15.5%), matrix effect (83.2–91.8%), accuracy (85.2–95.2%), specificity, and carryover. The application of this technique to commercial samples obtained from a local market demonstrated that levels of organotin species in packed fruit juices are negligible, in agreement with the limits established by the European Food Safety Authority (0.14 mg of total organotin compounds per kg of food).
Green method for improving performance attributes of wool fibres using immobilized proteolytic thermozyme
Authors: Gomaa Sanaa K. , Zaki Rania A. , Wahba Marwa I. , Taleb Marwa Abou , El-Refai Heba A. , El-Fiky Asmaa F. , El-Sayed Hosam 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWool has the tendency to turn into felt during agitation in washing machines. Thus, a benign non-polluting method for the production of machine-washable wool was developed herein. Initially, a proteolytic bacteria was isolated from hot region soil. The bacterial isolate was identified as Bacillus safensis FO-36bMZ836779 according to the 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Afterwards, the extracellular protease produced by this isolate was covalently immobilized in order to enhance its stability under non-ambient conditions which are usually adopted in industrial sectors like textile industries. Sericin, which is usually discharged into degumming effluent of natural silk, was utilized to prepare the immobilization carrier. Box–Behnken design was adopted in order to hone the preparation of the sericin–polyethylene–imine–glutaraldehyde activated agar carrier. The pH and temperature profiles of the free and immobilized proteases were compared. Later, wool fibres were bio-treated with both the free and the immobilized enzymes. The effect of process conditions on the resistance of the bio-finished wool to felting was investigated. The alteration in the fibre morphology was monitored using SEM. Amino acid analysis and alkali solubility tests were adopted to assign any change in the chemical structure of the bio-treated wool. The influence of bio-treatment of wool on its inherent properties was assigned. Results revealed that bio-treatment of wool with the said enzyme led to production of machine-washable wool without severe deterioration in the fibres’ properties. In an energy- and water-consuming process, the hot solution from bio-treatment bath was used successfully in dyeing of wool.