bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
For better or worse: Relationship change in Thailand during COVID-19
Authors: Wiwattanapantuwong Juthatip , Tuicomepee Arunya , Suttiwan Panrapee , Watakakosol Rewadee , Ben-Ezra Menachem , Goodwin Robin 
Published: May 2022

Objective
Novel infectious diseases have the potential to both strengthen or weaken interpersonal relationships within a society. In a collectivist setting such as Thailand amplification of relationships may be particularly marked, but may be associated with individual factors, including personal values and perceived control over the virus.

Methods
A national on-street survey in Thailand (April 2020, N = 1,000), collected data from five regions across the country (response rate 82.6%). Participants reported demographics, anxiety, perceived control, and personal values of security and universalism, and indicated changes, from negative to positive, across four relationship types (relationship partners, family, friendships and neighbourhood).

Results
While relationship changes were small overall, there was an improvement in close relations (partners, family members) but not amongst friends and neighbours. Respondents who were married without children recorded less enhancement of partnerships, friendships and neighbourhood relations. Those with less perceived control over the infection reported relationship decline, while single people reported fewer positive changes in their partnership or family relations. Multiple regression analyses demonstrated the prioritisation of security was associated with a decline in each of the relationships, while universalism was positively associated with change in the family, in friendships and neighbourly relations.

Conclusions
Personal values and marital status may impact on relationship functioning during a national health crisis. These issues should be considered by clinicians and health practitioners when trying to assist those struggling with interpersonal relations during a pandemic.
A phase II open label clinical study of the safety, tolerability and efficacy of ILB® for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Authors: Logan Ann , Nagy Zsuzsanna , Barnes Nicholas M. , Belli Antonio , Di Pietro Valentina , Tavazzi Barbara , Lazzarino Giuseppe , Lazzarino Giacomo , Bruce Lars , Persson Lennart I. 
Published: May 2022

Introduction
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is an invariably lethal progressive disease, causing degeneration of neurons and muscle. No current treatment halts or reverses disease advance. This single arm, open label, clinical trial in patients with ALS investigated the safety and tolerability of a novel modified low molecular weight dextran sulphate (LMW-DS, named ILB®) previously proven safe for use in healthy volunteers and shown to exert potent neurotrophic effects in pre-clinical studies. Secondary endpoints relate to efficacy and exploratory biomarkers.

Methods
Thirteen patients with ALS were treated with 5 weekly subcutaneous injections of ILB®. Safety and efficacy outcome measures were recorded weekly during treatment and at regular intervals for a further 70 days. Functional and laboratory biomarkers were assessed before, during and after treatment.

Results
No deaths, serious adverse events or participant withdrawals occurred during or after ILB® treatment and no significant drug-related changes in blood safety markers were evident, demonstrating safety and tolerability of the drug in this cohort of patients with ALS. The PK of ILB® in patients with ALS was similar to that seen in healthy controls. The ILB® injection elicited a transient elevation of plasma Hepatocyte Growth Factor, a neurotrophic and myogenic growth factor. Following the ILB® injections patients reported increased vitality, decreased spasticity and increased mobility. The ALSFRS-R rating improved from 36.31 ± 6.66 to 38.77 ± 6.44 and the Norris rating also improved from 70.61 ± 13.91 to 77.85 ± 14.24 by Day 36. The improvement of functions was associated with a decrease in muscle atrophy biomarkers. These therapeutic benefits decreased 3–4 weeks after the last dosage.

Conclusions
This pilot clinical study demonstrates safety and tolerability of ILB® in patients with ALS. The exploratory biomarker and functional measures must be cautiously interpreted but suggest clinical benefit and have a bearing on the mechanism of action of ILB®. The results support the drug’s potential as the first disease modifying treatment for patients with ALS.

Trial registration
EudraCT 2017-005065-47.
PEGDA microencapsulated allogeneic islets reverse canine diabetes without immunosuppression
Authors: Harrington Stephen , Karanu Francis , Ramachandran Karthik , Williams S. Janette , Stehno-Bittel Lisa 
Published: May 2022

BackgroundProtection of islets without systemic immunosuppression has been a long-sought goal in the islet transplant field. We conducted a pilot biocompatibility/safety study in healthy dogs followed by a dose-finding efficacy study in diabetic dogs using polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA) microencapsulated allogeneic canine islets.MethodsPrior to the transplants, characterization of the canine islets included the calculations determining the average cell number/islet equivalent. Following measurements of purity, insulin secretion, and insulin, DNA and ATP content, the islets were encapsulated and transplanted interperitoneally into dogs via a catheter, which predominantly attached to the omentum. In the healthy dogs, half of the microspheres injected contained canine islets, the other half of the omentum received empty PEGDA microspheres.ResultsIn the biocompatibility study, healthy dogs received increasing doses of cells up to 1.7 M cells/kg body weight, yet no hypoglycemic events were recorded and the dogs presented with no adverse events. At necropsy the microspheres were identified and described as clear with attachment to the omentum. Several of the blood chemistry values that were abnormal prior to the transplants normalized after the transplant. The same observation was made for the diabetic dogs that received higher doses of canine islets. In all diabetic dogs, the insulin required to attempt to control blood glucose was cut by 50–100% after the transplant, down to no required insulin for the course of the 60-day study. The dogs had no adverse events and behavioral monitoring suggested normal activity after recovery from the transplant.Conclusions and implicationsThe study provides evidence that PEGDA microencapsulated canine islets reversed the signs of diabetes without immunosuppression and led to states of insulin-independence or significantly lowered insulin requirements in the recipients.
Worldwide suicide mortality trends by firearm (1990–2019): A joinpoint regression analysis
Authors: Ilic Irena , Zivanovic Macuzic Ivana , Kocic Sanja , Ilic Milena 
Published: May 2022

Introduction
Suicide by firearm is a major public health problem in many countries. But, studies that investigated the mortality of suicide by firearm on a global scale are still limited. The aim of this study was to assess the global, regional and national trends in mortality of suicide by firearm from 1990 to 2019.

Method
Mortality data of suicide by firearm was presented using the age-standardized rates (ASRs, expressed per 100,000). Joinpoint regression analysis was used to assess trends of mortality of suicide by firearm: the average annual percent change (AAPC) with the corresponding 95% confidence interval (95%CI) was calculated.

Results
A total of 52,694 (45,110 male and 7584 female) deaths of suicide by firearm were reported worldwide in 2019. The global ASR of suicide by firearm was six-fold higher in males than in females (1.15 per 100,000 and 0.19 per 100,000, respectively), and varied greatly across countries: the highest rates were in Greenland (24.52 per 100,000 and 2.69 per 100,000, respectively) and the United States of America (10.13 per 100,000 and 1.66 per 100,000, respectively), while the lowest rates (0.05 per 100,000 or less) were observed in China, Japan and Singapore. Globally, the mortality of suicide by firearm had a decreasing tendency from 1990 to 2019 in both sexes together (AAPC = -2.0% per year; 95%CI = -2.1 to -1.9).

Conclusion
Decreasing trends in mortality of suicide by firearm were observed in majority of countries across the world, but not in all. Future research should determine more effective ways to further reduce mortality of suicide by firearm.
Stress on caregivers providing prolonged mechanical ventilation patient care in different facilities: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Chu Yeong-Ruey , Liu Chin-Jung , Chu Chia-Chen , Kung Pei-Tseng , Chou Wen-Yu , Tsai Wen-Chen 
Published: May 2022

PurposeTaiwan has implemented an integrated prospective payment program (IPP) for prolonged mechanical ventilation (PMV) patients that consists of four stages of care: intensive care unit (ICU), respiratory care center (RCC), respiratory care ward (RCW), and respiratory home care (RHC). We aimed to investigate the life impact on family caregivers of PMV patients opting for a payment program and compared different care units.MethodA total of 610 questionnaires were recalled. Statistical analyses were conducted by using the chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression model.ResultsThe results indicated no associations between caregivers’ stress levels and opting for a payment program. Participants in the non-IPP group spent less time with friends and family owing to caregiver responsibilities. The results of the family domain show that the RHC group (OR = 2.54) had worsened family relationships compared with the ICU group; however, there was less psychological stress in the RCC (OR = 0.54) and RCW (OR = 0.16) groups than in the ICU group. In the social domain, RHC interviewees experienced reduced friend and family interactivity (OR = 2.18) and community or religious activities (OR = 2.06) than the ICU group. The RCW group felt that leisure and work time had less effect (OR = 0.37 and 0.41) than the ICU group. Furthermore, RCW interviewees (OR = 0.43) were less influenced by the reduced family income than the ICU group in the economic domain.ConclusionsRHC family caregivers had the highest level of stress, whereas family caregivers in the RCW group had the lowest level of stress.
Client and healthcare worker experiences with differentiated HIV treatment models in Eswatini
Authors: Reidy William , Kambale Hervé Nzereka , Hughey Allison B. , Nhlengethwa Tengetile Tezzy , Tailor Janki , Lukhele Nomthandazo , Mthethwa Simangele , Hettema Anita , Preko Peter , Rabkin Miriam 
Published: May 2022

Introduction
Universal access to antiretroviral therapy (ART) is a cornerstone of Eswatini’s national HIV strategy, and the number of people on ART in the country more than tripled between 2010 and 2019. Building on these achievements, the Ministry of Health (MOH) is scaling up differentiated service delivery, including less-intensive differentiated ART (DART) models for people doing well on treatment. We conducted a mixed-methods study to explore client and health care worker (HCW) perceptions of DART in Eswatini.

Methods
The study included structured site assessments at 39 purposively selected health facilities (HF), key informant interviews with 20 HCW, a provider satisfaction survey with 172 HCW and a client satisfaction survey with 270 adults.

Results
All clients had been on ART for more than a year; 69% were on ART for ≥ 5 years. The most common DART models were Fast-Track (44%), Outreach (26%) and Community ART Groups (20%). HCW and clients appreciated DART, noting that the models often decrease provider workload and client wait time. Clients also reported that DART models helped them to adhere to ART, 96% said they were “very satisfied” with their current model, and 90% said they would recommend their model to others, highlighting convenience, efficiency and cost savings. The majority of HCW (52%) noted that implementation of DART reduced their workload, although some models, such as Outreach, were more labor-intensive. Each model had advantages and disadvantages; for example, clients concerned about stigma and inadvertent disclosure of HIV status were less interested in group models.

Conclusions
Clients in DART models were very satisfied with their care. HCW were also supportive of the new approach to HIV treatment delivery, noting its advantages to HF, HCW and to clients. Given the heterogeneous needs of people living with HIV, no single DART model will suit every client; a diverse portfolio of DART models is likely the best strategy.
Freak to Chic: ‘Gay’ Men in and out of Fashion After Oscar Wilde, Dominic Janes (2021)
Authors: Rothenberg Maria 
Published: May 2022

Review of: Freak to Chic: ‘Gay’ Men in and out of Fashion After Oscar Wilde, Dominic Janes (2021)
London: Bloomsbury Publishing, 312 pp.,
ISBN 978-1-35017-260-9, h/bk, $80.50
Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação: ferramenta de educação em saúde no contexto da Covid-19
Authors: Claudino Lívia Maria Zacarias , Albuquerque Maria Ilk Nunes de , Macêdo Vilma Costa de , Campelo Fabíolla Marques Perazzo , Fernandes Gabriel Arruda de Souza 
Published: May 2022

O Contexto da pandemia da COVID-19 vem demostrando diferentes dimensões da educação em saúde. Visando as configurações impostas pelas medidas de controle da doença tais como: distanciamento social e as novas necessidades de saúde da população, as Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação (TIC) mostram-se como uma das estratégias de educação em saúde. O estudo buscou compreender do uso das TIC por profissionais da Estratégia Saúde da Família. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, realizado com 17 profissionais de saúde de uma Unidade de Saúde da Família do Recife. As TIC têm o potencial de ampliar as estratégias de educação em saúde e a circulação da informação, ocasionando a construção de conhecimentos. Entretanto, o estudo identificou alguns entraves enfrentados pelos profissionais como a inexperiência de alguns profissionais com o manejo de equipamentos e ferramentas digitais disponívies.
Nos degraus do cadafalso
Authors: Pires Arthur Freire Simões 
Published: May 2022

Esta resenha discute criticamente a obra Reflexões sobre a guilhotina, de Albert Camus (2022). Imerso em seu próprio cosmos de referência, o literato se ampara tanto em sua própria filosofia quanto em memórias pessoais para arquitetar a integridade de seus argumentos, os quais também são nutridos por uma plural literatura que aborda diretamente a temática da punição capital. Na tentativa de preencher uma lacuna, diagnosticada pelo próprio escritor argelino, na sociedade francesa, ele empreende neste ensaio uma demarcação argumentativa contrária à pena de morte e sua aplicação, refutando os argumentos de seus defensores e oferecendo um novo horizonte à condição humana que era duplamente assassinada na escuridão das prisões francesas.
Palavras-chave: Albert Camus; pena de morte; guilhotina; revolta; ressentimento.

On the steps of the scaffold: a review of Reflections on the guillotine, by Albert Camus
Abstract: This review critically discusses the work Reflections on the guillotine, by Albert Camus (2022). Immersed in his own cosmos of reference, the literate draws on both his own philosophy and personal memories to architect the integrity of his arguments, which are also nourished by a plural literature that directly addresses the issue of capital punishment. In an attempt to fill a gap, diagnosed by the Algerian writer himself, in French society, he undertakes in this essay an argumentative demarcation against the death penalty and its application, refuting the arguments of its defenders and offering a new horizon to the human condition which had been doubly murdered in the darkness of French prisons.
Keywords: Albert Camus; death penalty; guillotine; revolt; resentment.

Sobre los escalones del cadalso: una reseña de Reflexiones sobre la guillotina, de Albert Camus
Resumen: Esta reseña analiza críticamente la obra Reflexiones sobre la guillotina, de Albert Camus (2022). Inmerso en su propio cosmos de referencia, el literato se sirve tanto de su propia filosofía como de sus recuerdos personales para construir la integridad de sus argumentos, que además se nutren de una literatura plural que aborda directamente el tema de la pena capital. En un intento por llenar un hueco, diagnosticado por el propio escritor argelino, en la sociedad francesa, emprende en este ensayo un deslinde argumentativo frente a la pena de muerte y su aplicación, refutando los argumentos de sus defensores y ofreciendo una nueva horizonte a la condición humana que fue doblemente asesinada en la oscuridad de las prisiones francesas.
Palavras-clave: pena de muerte; guillotina; revuelta; resentimiento.

Data de registro: 31/03/2022
Data de aceite: 17/05/2022
An Improvement on a Class of Fixed Point Iterative Methods for Solving Absolute Value Equations
Authors: Shams Nafiseh Nasseri , Beik Fatemeh Panjeh Ali 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
We consider a class of iterative methods based on block splitting (BBS) to solve absolute value equations

A
⁢
x

-

|
x
|

=
b

Ax-\lvert x\rvert=b

.
Recently, several works were devoted to deriving sufficient conditions for the convergence of iterative methods of this type under certain assumptions including

ν
:=

∥

A

-
1

∥

<
1

\nu:=\lVert A^{-1}\rVert<1

.
However, the BBS-type iterative methods tend to converge slowly when 𝜈 is very close to one (i.e.,

ν
≈
1

\nu\approx 1

).
In this paper, using an auxiliary matrix, we develop a new approach by first rewriting the main problem into a new equivalent block system having shifted

(
1
,
1
)

(1,1)

-block and then constructing a fixed point iteration.
The exploited strategy can significantly improve the convergence speed of the BBS-type iterative methods when

ν
≈
1

\nu\approx 1

.
Numerical experiments are reported to demonstrate the superiority of the new modified iterative scheme over the existing original form of BBS-type methods in the literature.
A low-cost photonic band gap (PBG) microstrip line resonator for dielectric characterization of liquids
Authors: Grine Farouk , Ammari Halima , Benhabiles Mohamed Taoufik , Riabi Mohamed Lahdi , Djerafi Tarek 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In this paper, hybrid integration of planar microstrip line and Photonic Band Gap (PBG) structure is proposed for the dielectric characterization of liquids. To implement the PBG structure of the microstrip line, a microfluidic channel with periodic form is introduced into the substrate and filled with different liquids. Based on this configuration, the operation principle of the sensor is based on a frequency shift due to the variation in the center of the bandgap, which in turn changes with the variation of the permittivity of LUT filled in the microfluidic channel. The proposed sensor exploits the behavior of the bandgap as a reflector to construct a resonant structure sensitive to the variation in LUT permittivity. The dimensions of the planar structure are optimized to achieve high precision and discrimination capability. The different empirical expressions describing the complex permittivity with the measured parameters were carried out. To validate the proposed concept, the sensor prototype is designed, fabricated, and tested. The frequency shift related to a change of 3.2 in LUT permittivity corresponds to 180 MHz around 6 GHz. The resonant-mode sensor spans a permittivity range from 1 to 80 with a precision better than 7.2%. The proposed sensor is simple in design and low cost, which may be applied in different applications at the industrial.
Laccase-catalyzed grafting of vanillin on wood and its effect on wood decay resistance
Authors: Bi Zhenju , Yan Li , Chen Zhangjing , Lei Yafang , Li Guangbin 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The improvement of wood decay resistance is more inclined to eco-friendly methods such as the application of natural products, but the low durability of some natural products as wood preservatives limits their applications. In this study, vanillin catalyzed by laccase was grafted into poplar wood to increase wood decay resistance and can remain in wood for longer period. The reaction system of vanillin, ABTS, laccase and phosphate buffer solution was impregnated into poplar wood using vacuum-pressure method, and reacted at 40 °C for 6 h. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) were used to confirm the grafting reaction actually occurring during the process. The decay resistance, leaching resistance and mechanical strength of grafted wood were evaluated. Energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) mapping was used to characterize the vanillin distribution. The results indicated that vanillin grafted poplar wood had good decay resistance, leaching resistance and higher strength. The mass loss of grafted poplar wood exposed to white-rot fungi [Trametes versicolor (L. ex Fr.) Quél.] and brown-rot fungi [Gloeophyllum trabeum (Pers.: Fr.) Murr.] decreased from original 46 and 13% to 9 and 4%, respectively, even after leaching. The modulus of rupture (MOR) and modulus of elasticity (MOE) of the grafted poplar were 11 and 26% stronger than original poplar wood. Vanillin was found in wood cell wall. It was actually esterified onto wood catalyzed by the laccase.
Contesting Deaths’ Despair: Local Public Religion, Radical Welcome and Community Health in the Overdose Crisis, Massachusetts, USA
Authors: Campbell Emily B. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In the United States, the first decades of the twenty-first century have been marked by a worsening fatal drug overdose epidemic leading life expectancy to decline for the first time in a century. Often termed deaths of despair, this development is attributed to declines in civic life, including lessening religious participation, wrought by long-term deindustrialization. Despite this, civil society has responded by contesting despair and the conditions hastening fatal overdose trends. This article examines faith-based community responses to the American overdose crisis through an extended case study of a church-led campaign in Massachusetts. In the summer of 2017, the state of Massachusetts released its fatal overdose numbers to the public: 2,069 people died of fatal overdose in 2016. In response, Trinity Church of Wrentham, Massachusetts, launched the #2069 campaign resulting in over 2,000 billboards and lawn signs emblazoned with #2069 displayed across the state. The memorial project fostered conversation, but also forged new community active in its work of social support, public health outreach and nonpartisan political engagement. The article considers the role of faith-based public health efforts and the potential for further interfaith and interracial collaboration on public health issues and the role of public religion in contesting conditions of despair.
An efficient method for the removal of Pb prior to the ultra-trace Am measurement by ICP-MS
Authors: Wang Yufeng , Fan Jinlong , Zhai Xiufang , Li Zhiming , Yu Qingjiang , Zhang Weichao , Liu Zhichao 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The existence of Pb which formed polyatomic ions such as PbCl+, PbAr+ would interfere the determination of ultra-trace Am by ICP-MS. An extraction chromatography method for the removal of Pb interference was provided in this work to improve the determination accuracy of ultra-trace Am by ICP-MS. In this study, Sr resin was applied to separate Am and Pb because of the great difference between Am and Pb on adsorption ability. The variable parameters including nitric acid concentration, loading volume, column height and loading amount were investigated to optimize the separation conditions for high recovery of Am (R(Am)) as well as high decontamination factor of Pb (DF(Pb)). The optimal separation method was recommended in the study with the recovery of Am over 99% and the decontamination factor of Pb over 2 × 105. Moreover, the method was successfully applied to the analysis of 241Am in the simulated samples.