bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adsorption of Hexavalent Chromium and Methylene Blue onto the Rubber Seed Shell Activated Carbon: Isotherm and Kinetic Studies
Authors: Pattarith Kongsak , Tangtubtim Supattra , Thupsuri Suphawarat 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Rubber seed shell (RSS) is a low-cost agricultural by-product. It has been utilized to produce two adsorbents, rubber seed shell charcoal (RSS-CH) and rubber seed shell activated carbon (RSS-AC) for removal of hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) and methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solutions. The surface morphology, thermal behavior, and FTIR were characterized to confirm the successful modification on the surface of the RSS. The effects of adsorption process such as pH, initial concentration, contact time, and temperature were also studied. The adsorption isotherm results revealed that the Langmuir isotherm model was a good fit for the Cr(VI) and MB adsorption processes. The Cr(VI) adsorption kinetic was explained by pseudo-first-order kinetic model and MB adsorption was followed with pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Moreover, the maximum adsorption capacities for Cr(VI) and MB adsorptions on the RSS-AC were 156.25 and 370.37 mg/g, respectively, which showed greater than those on the RSS-CH. Thus, the RSS-AC is a suitable, alternative, and high adsorption efficiency biosorbent for the removal of heavy metal and dye contaminants in wastewater.
QC-LDPC Codes from Difference Matrices and Difference Covering Arrays
Authors: Donovan Diane , Rao Asha , Üsküplü Elif , Yazıcı Emine Şule 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
We give a framework for generalizing LDPC code constructions that use Transversal Designs or related structures such as mutually orthogonal Latin squares. Our construction offers a broader range of code lengths and codes rates. Similar earlier constructions rely on the existence of finite fields of order a power of a prime. In contrast the LDPC codes constructed here are based on difference matrices and difference covering arrays, structures available for any order a. They satisfy the RC constraint and have, for a odd, length a2 and rate 1 − [(4a−3)/ a2 ], and for a even, length a2 − a and rate at least 1 − [(4a−6)/ (a2 −a)]. When 3 does not divide a, these LDPC codes have stopping distance at least 8. When a is odd and both 3 and 5 do not divide a, our construction delivers an infinite family of QC-LDPC codes with minimum distance at least 10. The simplicity of the construction allows us to theoretically verify these properties and analytically determine lower bounds for the minimum distance and stopping distance of the code. The BER and FER performance of our codes over AWGN (via simulation) is at the least equivalent to codes constructed previously, while in some cases significantly outperforming them.
High-Performance Paper-based Biocathode fabricated by Screen-printing an improved Mesoporous Carbon Ink and by Oriented Immobilization of Bilirubin Oxidase
Authors: Loew Noya , Shitanda Isao , Goto Himeka , Watanabe Hikari , Mikawa Tsutomu , Tsujimura Seiya , Itagaki Masayuki 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In this study, the performance of a paper-based, screen-printed biofuel cell with mesoporous MgO-templated carbon (MgOC) electrodes was improved in two steps. First, a small amount of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) was added to the MgOC ink. Next, the cathode was modified with bilirubin prior to immobilizing the bilirubin oxidase (BOD). The CMC increased the accessibility of the mesopores of the MgOC, and subsequently, the performance of both the bioanode and biocathode. CMC also likely increased the stability of the electrodes. The pre-modification with bilirubin improved the orientation of the BOD, which facilitated direct electron transfer. With these two steps, an open circuit potential of 0.65 V, a maximal current density of 1.94 mA cm-2, and a maximal power density of 465 μW cm-2 was achieved with lactate oxidase as bioanode enzyme and lactate as fuel. This is one of the highest reported performances for a biofuel cell.
Tuning the optical properties and thermal stability of polymeric graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) with inclusion of ZnS for an emissive layer.
Authors: Nayak Debashish , Choudhary Ram Bilash 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Luminescent polymeric graphitic composites have the potential to be efficient energy converters for sophisticated displays and light sources. Thermal condensation is used to synthesize g-C 3 N 4 -ZnS composites. The XRD, and FTIR analyses confirmed the synthesis of the pure host, filler, and composites. FESEM, and TEM images revealed that the ZnS nanosheets were evenly distributed over the g-C 3 N 4 sheets. The addition of ZnS improves the thermal stability of g-C 3 N 4 . The optimized gZ15 band gap is determined to be 2.98 eV with a crystallite size of 4.2 nm and a micro stain of 35.42×10 −3 . With a purity of 63.4%, gZ15 demonstrated a significant rate of recombination in the blue region. All of the improved properties demonstrated that polymeric g-C 3 N 4 -ZnS was the optimum materials for usage in the active or emissive layer of optoelectronic devices.
Association between growth hormone and psychological issues in children with short stature
Authors: Zheng Zhichao , Shan Xiaoou , Jin Jiahui , Lu Yili , Rong Xing , Luo Yue , Wu Huiping 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The use of growth hormone in children with idiopathic short stature is still controversial. We aimed to assess the benefits and downsides of growth hormone in these children at a psychological level.
Methods
The children and adolescents with short stature were recruited from the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University. They were divided into two groups: the growth hormone deficit group(GHD-G), and the idiopathic short stature group(ISS-G). The Symptom Checklist-90 scale (SCL-90) was used to evaluate the psychological situation.
Results
The results showed that the average score of GHD-G was lower than that of ISS-G, but there was no significant difference (P > 0.05). Linear regression analysis showed that the higher the growth hormone stimulation peak(GHSP), the higher the score of the SCL-90(β = 0.027, 95%CI = 0.007 to 0.047, P value = 0.00962). The results didn’t change after adjusting the factors like age, sex, and laboratory testing( β = 0.023, 95%CI = 0.003 to 0.043, P value = 0.02652). Further, when LH was more than 0.2U/L, the score of the SCL increased as the GHSP increased (β = 0.0566,95%CI = 0.0295 to 0.0837, P value = 0.0001); But when LH was less than 0.2U/L, there was not a clear relationship has been found(β=-0.0022,95%CI=-0.0268 to 0.0225, P value = 0.8631).
Conclusions
There is no evident detrimental effect of growth hormone deficit on mental health in children with short stature. Instead, increasing GHSP may hurt mental health, particularly in children before puberty. Children with idiopathic short stature who have limited height improvement following growth hormone treatment should carefully consider whether to continue using the hormone.
Predictive Nomogram for the Prediction of Recurrence of Cutaneous Squamous Cell Cancer
Authors: Zhang Wenqing , Wu Chenglong , Zhou Kaili , Cao Yu , Zhou Wange , Zhang Xue , Dan Deng 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Aim: The prognosis of cutaneous squamous cell cancer (cSCC) individuals after curative resection is not satisfactory due to the recurrence with poor prognosis. We tried to identify the affecting clinical features of recurrence in cSCC patients. Methods: A total of 393 patients were retrospectively incorporated into our study. The χ test and logistic regression analysis were utilized to screen for the significant clinical indexes associated with the presence of cSCC recurrence. Recurrent nomogram was created based on the above informative clinical features to predict the probability of recurrence. The concordance index, area under curve (AUC), and calibration plots were used to assess the performance of the nomogram model and the NCCN Guidelines®. Moreover, the recurrent nomogram exhibited not only encouraging calibration ability, but also great clinical utility comparing with NCCN Guidelines®. Results: Of the 393 patients included in this study, 36 patients sufferred from recurrence. The multivariate analysis showed that exposure, tumor size, ulcer, precancerous lesions, and neural invasion at diagnosis were independent clinical factors affecting the prognosis of patients with cSCC. For the verification of results, the C-index was 0.818 respectively. The calibration curve also showed that the actual observation of recurrence was in good agreement with the prediction of the nomograms. Additionally, both DCA and CIC showed that the recurrent nomogram had good clinical application value. According to the score of each patient, the risk stratification system of cSCC patients was further established by perfectly dividing these patients into three groups, namely, low risk, medium risk, and high risk, in all queues. Conclusion: Exposure, tumor size, ulcer, precancerous lesions, and neural invasion were closely correlated with the presence of recurrence of cSCC patients. The recurrent nomogram held well predictive ability for the identification of cSCC patients with recurrence.
Application Value of Intraoperative Salvaged Autotransfusion during Posterior Lumbar Fusion: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Zhou Fenghua , Tan Xiangqian Tan , Deng Chunbo , Zhang Zhan , Ma Xun , Wang Qiushi , Xueyong Liu 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Objective: To understand the application value of intraoperative salvaged autotransfusion（ISA）during posterior lumbar decompression and fusion(PLDF) and transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion（TLIF）at ≥1 surgical segments.Methods: Patients who underwent either procedure between January 2015 and January 2018 were enrolled. The patients were divided into two groups according to whether undergone ISA. Patient information, transfusion, clinical, and surgical data were analyzed for determine the clinical significance of ISA.Results: 412 patients were enrolled into two groups:181 in the ISA group and 231 in the non-ISA group. The overall requirement and volumes for allogeneic blood were significantly lower in the ISA group. TLIF at ≥2 segments resulted in significantly lower usage rate of allogeneic blood in the ISA group. During PLDF , the usage rate and volumes of allogeneic blood in the ISA group were significantly lower in both 1 and ≥2 surgical segment numbers Conclusion: The application value of ISA depends on the operation style and number of segments. During TLIF, ISA may not offer any additional clinical benefit in one segment, and the benefit in ≥ 2 segment should be invested further. During PLDF, in ISA group，the demand for allogeneic blood was reduced and patients own blood resources were effectively utilized regardless of surgical segment numbers.
Integrating omics reveals that miRNA-guided genetic regulation at the plant hormone level and defense response pathways shape resistance to Cladosporium fulvum in the tomato Cf-10-carrying line
Authors: Liu Guan , Zhang Dongye , Zhao Tingting , Yang Huanhuan , Jiang Jingbin , Li Jingfu , Zhang He , Xu Xiangyang 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
BackgroundInvasion of Cladosporium fulvum causes the most serious diseases affecting the reproduction of tomatoes. The Cf-10 gene has been proven to confer resistance to C. fulvum. However, how the Cf-10 gene mediates host defense gene expression and physiological changes to activate immunity in C. fulvum remains unknown. Multiple-omics studies could reveal potential regulation among different data types, providing an opportunity for dissecting the genetic regulatory mechanism underlying the Cf-10-mediated defense response.ResultsTo exploit the genetic mechanism underlying the Cf-10 gene, we performed a multiple-omics study of a resistant line carrying the Cf-10 gene and a susceptible line not carrying any resistance genes for the control and for 3 days postinoculation (dpi) of C. fulvum. By miRNA profiling, we detected 54 differentially expressed miRNAs (DE-miRNAs) between the control and 3 dpi in the resistant line, 79.63% of which were downregulated at 3 dpi. The miRNAs potentially regulate 894 genes whose functions are involved in the plant–pathogen interaction pathway and the auxin, JA, ethylene, ABA and SA signaling pathways. Transcriptome profiling revealed 1,100 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the control and 3 dpi in the resistant line whose functions were enriched in pathways that were potentially regulated by the DE-miRNAs. Integrating DE-miRNAs, gene expression patterns and plant-hormone metabolism profiling demonstrated that the downregulation of miRNAs at 3 dpi activated crucial resistance genes, such as Prf/PTO and RESISTANCE TO P. SYRINGAE PV MACULICOLA 1 (RPM1), to trigger host hypersensitive cell death and upregulated the receptors/critical responsive transcription factors (TFs) of plant hormones to shape immunity to the pathogen. Notably, we identified and expressionally validated that the downregulation of miR9472 would upregulate the expression of IAA-LEUCINE RESISTANT (ILR)-LIKE GENE 6 (ILL6), a gene that transforms JA to its major active component (+)-7-iso-jasmonoyl-l-isoleucine (JA-Ile), to improve the level of JA-Ile and activate JA-response genes in the Cf-10-carrying line.ConclusionThe Cf-10 gene carrying line employs a miRNA-guided “trade-off” strategy to coordinate plant growth and defense response: it expresses miRNAs to suppress invasion recognition and signal transduction pathways and reduce the level of JA and ethylene to maintain plant growth under normal conditions, but the infection of C. fulvum downregulates these miRNAs to activate the defense response pathways for acquiring disease resistance.
Use of Two Combination Creams for the Treatment of Ichthyosis and Ichthyosiform Disorders
Authors: Khalil Samar , Stephan Carla , Hasbani Divina J. , Saade Serena , Bardawil Tara , Chedraoui Adele , Abbas Ossama , Rubeiz Nelly , Kurban Mazen 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background. Treatment options for Ichthyosis and Ichthyosiform disorders are limited and often unsatisfactory. Topical cholesterol and statin have been previously used with good results. Objective. To assess the change in the disease severity score after a therapeutic regimen consisting of two combination creams: 2% cholesterol with 2% lovastatin, and 10% glycolic acid with 0.025% tretinoin and 2% ketoconazole. Methods. This study was conducted at the American University of Beirut Medical Center between March 2019 and March 2020. Pregnant women were excluded. The combination creams were used daily or as tolerated by the patients. Results. 24 patients completed the study. The median age was 7.5 years. The average percent reductions in the severity scores were 40% at 1 month (n=20), 44.8% at 2 months (n=18), and 60.3% at 3 months (n=10). Side effects consisted mainly of mild irritation which resolved upon altering the frequency of application. Limitations. Limitations of our study include the relatively small number of participants (due to the rarity of such diseases), the subjective nature of some of the scoring criteria, and the inconsistent follow-up times. Conclusion. These findings suggest a benefit from these two combination creams in the treatment of Ichthyosis and Ichthyosiform disorders.
Several properties of the matrix operators on the weighted difference sequence space derived by real numbers r and s
Authors: Candan Murat 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
We can describe the norm for an operator given as T:X→Y as follows: It is the most suitable value of U satisfying the following inequality ‖Tx‖_{Y}≤U‖x‖_{X} and also for the lower bound of T we can say that the value of L conforms to the following inequality ‖Tx‖_{Y}≥L‖x‖_{X}, where ‖.‖_{X} and ‖.‖_{Y} stand for the norms corresponding to the X and Y spaces, respectively. The most important characteristics of the present article lies in its computing the norms and lower bounds of those matrix operators used as weighted sequence space ℓ_{p}(w) upon a new one. This new sequence space is the generalized weighted sequence one. For this aim, the difference matrix B(r,s) and also the space consisting of those sequence whose B(r,s) transforms lie inside ℓ_{p}(w), in which r,s are taken from R.2010 Mathematics Subject Classification. 46A45, 26D15, 40G05, 47B37.
The effect of ultrasound-guided intercostal nerve block on postoperative analgesia in thoracoscopic surgery: A randomized, double-blinded, clinical trial
Authors: Li Shuo , Feng Jinteng , Fan Kun , Fan Xiaoe , Cao Shaoning , Zhang Guangjian 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Multimodal analgesia is accepted perioperative, intercostal nerve block (ICNB) which use ropivacaine is a kind of methods of multimodal analgesia. We aimed to explore the effect of ultrasound-guided intercostal nerve block on postoperative analgesia in thoracoscopic surgery.Methods: Patients undergoing thoracoscopic pulmonary resection were randomized to receive either intercostal nerve block (ICNB) or not under ultrasound-guidance with ropivacaine prior to surgery. Visual analog scale pain scores at rest at 0,4, 8,16,24,48,72 and 168h postoperatively, surgical outcomes and rescue analgesia requirement were also recorded. Results: VAS scores were statistically significantly lower for ICNB group compared to control group at 0, 4, 8, 16, 24 and 48h postoperatively. The duration of insertion of chest tube in ICBN group was shorter than that in control group, and the difference was statistically significant (4.69±2.14 vs 5.67±2.86, P=0.036). The postoperative hospital stay, incidence of nausea and vomiting and postoperative pulmonary infection rate in ICBN group were all lower than those in the control group, but there were no statistical differences. The frequency of rescue analgesia during 48 postoperative hours was different between the two groups (ICNB vs Control; 9.83% vs 31.03%, P=0.004).Conclusions: For patients undergoing thoracoscopic surgery, ultrasound-guided ICNB is simple, safe, and effective for providing acute postoperative pain management during the early postoperative stage.Trial registration: Chinese clinical trials: chictr.org.cn, ChiCTR1900021017. Registred on 25/01/2019.
Comparison of the Efficacy of the Two Most Used Imaging Methods in the Surgical Treatment Planning of All-On-4 and Its Variations
Authors: Tandogdu Erim , Ayali Aysa , Caymaz Mehmet Gagari 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to analyze the difference between the measurements made according to certain anatomical signs of the maxillary jaw using panoramic radiography and CBCT to decide whether to use all-on-4, M-4, or V-4 configuration to prevent complications caused by incorrect measurements during the pre-surgical planning stage of the placement of implants in the all-on-4 technique.
Methods
A retrospective study was conducted with 50 patients with upper edentulous jaws suitable for the all-on-4 technique, who underwent preoperative panoramic radiography and CBCT evaluation for dental implant surgery. The shortest vertical distances between anatomical structures were measured. Measurements were made independently by two oral and maxillofacial surgeons, one experienced and the other inexperienced.
Results
A statistically significant difference was found between the mean values according to gender (p = 0,045). When the measurements made by the experienced surgeon and the inexperienced surgeon were compared, there was no significant difference between panoramic radiography and CBCT. In situations where bone measurements are required for deciding on all-on-4 or one of its configurations (M-4 and V-4), it was found that panoramic radiography gives significantly incorrect results compared to CBCT (p < 0.05).
Conclusion
CBCT is more reliable than panoramic radiography and eliminates the margin of error in the planning of all-on-4 or its variations to be made by either an experienced or an inexperienced oral surgeon.
NcRNAs-induced CAPZA1 associated with prognostic and immunological effects across Lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Qin Ting-ting , Li Na , Li Lan , Song Qi-bin 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Recently, extensive discoveries have suggested that the F-actin capping protein α1 subunit (CAPZA1) in various human tumors could elicit significantly important parts in regulating cell proliferation, metastasis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. However, the immune-regulating role of CAPZA1 in the initiation and development of Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remains incompletely clear. In our research, we firstly found that CAPZA1 serves as an oncogene in pan-cancers from TCGA data and higher CAPZA1 expression process unfavorably prognostic value in LUAD based on Starbase database and PrognoScan database. Then, in our analyses, lncRNAs AC026356.1 in LUAD acts as a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) of miR-30d-5p, which might be the possible regulatory miRNA of CAPZA1 based on the Starbase database. Finally, we confirmed that CAPZA1 expression had a tightly positive correlation with immune infiltration cells, immune infiltration markers, TMB, MSI, immune score, stromal score, and immune checkpoints, indicating that CAPZA1 was a markedly reliable therapeutic target for immunological antitumor strategy. In conclusion, our investigations unveiled that CAPZA1 might function as an immune-associated biomarker in the development and treatment of LUAD, thereby acting as a promising prognostic and therapeutic target against LUAD.
Therapeutic approach with commercial supplements for pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration with residual PANK2 expression levels.
Authors: Álvarez-Córdoba Mónica , Reche-López Diana , Cilleros-Holgado Paula , Talaverón-Rey Marta , Villalón-García Irene , Povea-Cabello Suleva , Suárez-Rivero Juan M , Suárez-Carrillo Alejandra , Munuera-Cabeza Manuel , Piñero-Pérez Rocío , Sánchez-Alcázar José A 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Blackground: Neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation (NBIA) is a group of rare neurogenetic disorders frequently associated with iron accumulation in the basal nuclei of the brain characterized by progressive spasticity, dystonia, muscle rigidity, neuropsychiatric symptoms, and retinal degeneration or optic nerve atrophy. Pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration (PKAN) is one of the most widespread NBIA subtypes. It is caused by mutations in the gene of pantothenate kinase 2 (PANK2) that result in dysfunction in PANK2 enzyme activity, with consequent deficiency of coenzyme A (CoA) biosynthesis, as well as low levels of essential metabolic intermediates such as 4′-phosphopantetheine, a necessary cofactor for essential cytosolic and mitochondrial proteins. Methods: In this manuscript, we examined the therapeutic effectiveness of pantothenate, panthetine, antioxidants (vitamin E and omega 3) and mitochondrial function boosting supplements (L-carnitine and thiamine) in mutant PANK2 cells with residual expression levels. Results: Commercial supplements, pantothenate, pantethine, vitamin E, omega 3, carnitine and thiamine were able to eliminate iron accumulation, increase PANK2, mtACP, and NFS1 expression levels and improve pathological alterations in mutant cells with residual PANK2 expression levels. Conclusion : Our results suggest that several commercial compounds are indeed able to significantly correct the mutant phenotype in cellular models of PKAN. These compounds alone or in combinations are of common use in clinical practice and may be useful for the treatment of PKAN patients with residual enzyme expression levels.