bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ADP and Thromboxane Inhibitors Both Reduce Global Contraction of Clot Length, While Thromboxane Inhibition Attenuates Internal Aggregate Contraction
Authors: Trigani Kevin T. , DeCortin Michael E. , Diamond Scott L. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPlatelet contractility drives clot contraction to enhance clot density and stability. Clot contraction is typically studied under static conditions, with fewer studies of wall-adherent platelet clots formed under flow. We tested the effect of inhibitors of ADP and/or thromboxane A2 (TXA2) signaling on clot contraction. Using an eight-channel microfluidic device, we perfused PPACK-treated whole blood (WB) ± acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), 2-methylthioAMP (2-MeSAMP), and/or MRS-2179 over collagen (100/s) for 7.5 min, then stopped flow to observe contraction for 7.5 minutes. Two automated imaging methods scored fluorescent platelet percent contraction over the no-flow observation period: (1) “global” measurement of clot length and (2) “local” changes in surface area coverage of the numerous platelet aggregates within the clot. Total platelet fluorescence intensity (FI) decreased with concomitant decrease in global aggregate contraction when ASA, 2-MeSAMP, and/or MRS-2179 were present. Total platelet FI and global aggregate contraction were highly correlated (R
2 = 0.87). In contrast, local aggregate contraction was more pronounced than global aggregate contraction across all inhibition conditions. However, ASA significantly reduced local aggregate contraction relative to conditions without TXA2 inhibition. P-selectin display was significantly reduced by ADP and TXA2 inhibition, but there was limited detection of global or local aggregate contraction in P-selectin-positive platelets across all conditions, as expected for densely packed “core” platelets. Our results demonstrate that global aggregate contraction is inhibited by ASA, 2-MeSAMP, and MRS-2179, while ASA more potently inhibited local aggregate contraction. These results help resolve how different platelet antagonists affect global and local clot structure and function.
Conservative Management of Kienbock's Disease in a 7-year Old: A Case Report
Authors: Lendrum James , Lencioni Alex , Calkins Ryan , Scott Frank 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background Kienbock's disease is primarily seen in young adult males but has been recognized in skeletally immature populations as well. Traditional treatment strategies recommend operative treatment but high remodeling potential in children may allow conservative management.
Case Description We present the case of a 7-year-old female with 2 months of atraumatic right wrist pain who was found to have edematous signal change within the lunate on wrist magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) consistent with Kienbock's disease. She was treated with rigid immobilization for 12 weeks and transitioned to custom orthotic splint for another 3 months during activities. At her 6 month follow-up, she reported minimal wrist pain with repeat MRI demonstrating the resolution of lunate edema.
Literature Review Available literature shows a significant portion of patients treated conservatively subsequently require surgical intervention due to unresolved symptoms or progressive disease. Only three cases are reported in the literature where skeletally immature patients were successfully treated with conservative management alone
Clinical Relevance We report the youngest case of Lichtman stage I Kienbock's disease successfully treated with conservative management resulting in clinical and imaging resolution. Younger patients may be able to successfully remodel and recover from Kienbock disease with extended time in conservative management.
Estimating bonobo (
Pan
paniscus
) and chimpanzee (
Pan
troglodytes
) evolutionary history from nucleotide site patterns
Authors: Brand Colin M. , White Frances J. , Rogers Alan R. , Webster Timothy H. 
Published: April 2022

Significance
There is genomic evidence of widespread admixture in deep time between many closely related species, including humans. Our closest living relatives, bonobos and chimpanzees, may also exhibit such patterns. However, assessing the exact degree of interbreeding remains challenging because previous studies have resulted in multiple inconsistent demographic models. We use an approach that addresses these gaps by analyzing all lineages, simultaneously estimating parameters, and comparing previously models. We find evidence of considerable introgression from western into eastern chimpanzees. We also show more breeding females than males and evidence of male-biased dispersal in western chimpanzees. These findings highlight the extent of admixture in bonobo and chimpanzee evolutionary history and are consistent with substantial differences between past and present chimpanzee biogeography.
High-performance transparent heater with Ag paste-based nanomesh electrodes
Authors: Kim Pan Kyeom , Chung Sung-il , Ha Tae-gyu 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Transparent heaters have attracted significant attention in recent years because of their wide range of potential applications, including defogging and defrosting windshields, thermochromic smart windows, and wearable heating devices. This paper presents a comparison of the performances of a transparent heater with nanomesh electrodes and that with micromesh electrodes. Both transparent heaters exhibit excellent basic characteristics, with an optical transmittance of more than 90%, and sheet resistance of less than 2 Ω/□. From the thermal response time tests, we observed a shorter thermal response time of 30 s for the nanomesh heater. This is because the heater must warm the transparent area; hence, the smaller transparent area of the nanomesh is more advantageous for a transparent heater. Furthermore, the nanomesh transparent heater exhibited excellent heating stability and performance at various sizes. The promising results of this study can facilitate significant and practical applications of transparent heaters, such as windshields for vehicles.
Microscale surface texturing on nonplanar surface of diffusion lens for anti-glare LED light
Authors: Bang Hyun Chul , Lee Sang Woo , Jang Woong Ki , Kim Byeong Hee , Seo Young Ho 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In this study, we present the fabrication technique and characterization results of a concave-bottom rod lens (CB-RL) covered with microstructures to diffuse the Light-emitting diode (LED) light for anti-glare. The spherical concave bottom of the rod lens was designed based on a basic refraction theory and was fabricated by using the hyper-elastic deformation characteristics of polydimethylsiloxane film to form microstructures on the nonplanar surface. The rod lens mold and microstructure mold were prepared via the metal cutting process and photoresist reflowing process, respectively. In the experimental study, a CB-RL with and without microstructures was fabricated and compared. A CB-RL mounted on an LED effectively changed the isomeric luminous intensity profile into a batwing-shape profile. The reduction in discomfort glare induced by a single LED was characterized by comparing the uniformities of the luminous intensity between the bare and proposed lens-mounted LEDs. The full width half maximum (FWHM) value of the luminous intensity was increased from 50.9% to 71.4%, and the maximum-to-minimum ratio of the luminous intensity was reduced from 3.91 to 1.94. For a light bulb consisting of eight LEDs, the FWHM value and maximum-to-minimum ratio of the luminous intensities were improved from 38.0% to 55.0% and from 10.96 to 6.96, respectively.
Bearing fault diagnosis under various operation conditions using synchrosqueezing transform and improved two-dimensional convolutional neural network
Authors: Zhang Lei , Lv Yong , Huang Wenyi , Yi Cancan 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In real-world industrial applications, bearings are typically operated under variable speeds and loads depending on the production condition, which results in nonstationary vibration signals from the bearings. Synchrosqueezing transform is a method that can effectively reflect the change in frequency with time, which is suitable for processing nonstationary bearing signals. However, significant classification features are difficult to extract from time–frequency information when operation conditions such as speed and load change frequently. Hence, an improved two-dimensional (2D) convolutional neural network (CNN) named the 2D multiscale cascade CNN (2D MC-CNN) is proposed for performing bearing fault diagnosis under various operating conditions. In a 2D MC-CNN, a multiscale information fusion layer is added prior to the convolutional layer of a conventional CNN to form MC images such that sensitive bands can be acquired for fault recognition. Experiments are conducted on bearings by considering various sets of fault categories and fault severity levels under six operating conditions. The experimental results show that the proposed method effectively extracts fault-related features and demonstrates excellent diagnostic accuracy and robustness. Comparisons with the original CNN and other typically used fault diagnosis methods based on the same dataset demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed 2D MC-CNN and bearing fault diagnosis method.
Force constant disorder in the Ni44Nb56 bulk metallic glass as observed by deep inelastic neutron scattering augmented by isotopic substitution
Authors: Krzystyniak M , Syrykh G , Stolyarov A , Sadykov R A , Romanelli G 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In this work, the force-constant disorder in nickel-niobium metallic glass, Ni44Nb56, was studied using the deep inelastic neutron scattering (DINS) technique augmented by isotopic substitution. The distributions of DINS observables (the nuclear kinetic energies, the width of the nuclear momentum distributions, and the effective force constants) were measured in Ni44Nb56 and compared with their counterparts obtained from ab initio harmonic lattice (HLD) simulations for the crystalline forms of nickel, niobium, and the NiNb crystal and from the reverse Monte Carlo (RMC) simulations augmented by effective force fields performed for Ni44Nb56. The force-constant distribution of nickel, obtained from the analysis of the results of the DINS experiments, was found to be two times broader than its counterparts estimated based on the HLD and RMC simulations. In the case of niobium, the force-constant distribution inferred from the DINS experiments is estimated to be an order of magnitude broader than the ab initio HLD prediction in the NiNb crystal. Moreover, no disorder-induced softening (with respect to its crystalline counterparts) of the effective force constants of Ni and Nb in Ni44Nb56 was observed. The lack of disorder-induced softening in Ni44Nb56 is consistent with the correlation between the short-range order, defined by the average coordination number and the interatomic distances, and the magnitudes of the effective force constants. The obtained results are consistent with a picture, whereby disorder induces symmetrical broadening of phonon dispersion curves, and phonon softening is limited to low-energy modes carrying negligible amounts of nuclear kinetic energy. The obtained results have important ramifications for engineering the properties of bulk metallic glasses.
All-optical memory based on slow light and Kerr effect in photonic crystal platform with independent write/read/hold control
Authors: Mirzaiee Sina , Noori Mina , Baghban Hamed , Veladi Hadi 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
A general scheme has been proposed for the design of photonic-crystal-based all-optical memory by implementing the Kerr effect and slow light phenomenon and a memory cell with independent control on the read, write and hold processes is presented. A photonic crystal slab platform comprised of air holes in a square array with a hole radius of R = 192.5 nm and slab thickness of 275 nm is considered to realize the optical memory operating at the signal and pump wavelengths of λ = 1550 nm and λ = 1604 nm, respectively. The radii of the holes and the thickness of the proposed slab are engineered to provide proper functionality in the write/read waveguides and memory cell. For the slab thickness of 275 nm, the radii of the defect holes at the center of the read and write channels, and memory cell are determined to be 66 nm, 60.5 nm, and 55 nm, respectively. The pump pulse with a peak power of 2.65 W and a minimum time duration of ∼2.64 ps is required for the reading process. Also, the peak power and minimum time duration of 4.7 W and 1.35 ps, respectively are required to accomplish the writing process. The study has been carried out by 3D PWE and 3D FDTD methods.
Numerical study of effects of electrode parameters and image charge on the electric field configuration of RPCs
Authors: Dey T. , Mukhopadhyay S. , Chattopadhyay S. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The working of a resistive plate chamber depends on the electric field applied inside the gas gap. The strength of this electric field inside the gas gap depends on parameters like electrode thickness, permittivity, and gas gap, among others. The applied electric field can get significantly modified by the space charge effect. This can be a major concern while working in high rate particle physics experiments. Accumulation of space charge generated due to consecutive avalanches can distort the applied field. During this investigation, we have observed that the strength of this perturbation in the electric field is a function of the amount of charge, electrode thickness, permittivity, and gas gap.
In this paper, we have studied the dependence of the applied field on parameters linked to RPC fabrication mentioned above. In addition, we have used the method of image to calculate the additional polarisation field due to space charge for a basic five layers of the geometry of an RPC. The variation of the perturbation in the electric field with the same three parameters electrode thickness, permittivity, gas gap has also been discussed.
Pore pressure prediction using 2D Basin modeling technique
Authors: Jun Por Kia , Abidin Nor Syazwani Zainal , Mio Eduardo de 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Overpressure and underpressure in the basin are mainly developed due to the disequilibrium compaction between the pore fluids and overburden pressure, and the heat flow/geothermal gradient in the rocks, leading to serious hazards in drilling operations due to the catastrophic well blowouts. Although some techniques have been used to explain the pore pressure mechanisms, there are still some missing gaps in the prediction. Basin modeling software is a very powerful tool as it incorporates various physical phenomena and can simulate the geological history of a sedimentary basin. Thus, a two-dimensional basin modeling software – TemisFlow, was used in the study. The present study was conducted at the Pelotas Basin, Brazil with the aims of (1) to build and run scenario test for pore pressure prediction of the Pelotas Basin, Brazil, (2) to identify the factors that control the pressure development, (3) to test the sensitivity of the parameters that control the pressure distribution, and (4) to evaluate the pressure distribution and pattern in the study area. The temperature model simulated by the software is calibrated with the field data provided in the well log as field pressure data is not provided. Nevertheless, calibration still can be done as the temperature at present and during the basin evolution is one of the parameters to pressure calculation in the model. Generally, the results show abnormal pressure zones are developed only in lower permeability of lithology – shale. Based on the simulations scenarios tested, the presence and generation of hydrocarbon in the Pelotas Basin also contribute a little to the development of overpressure in the basin. Based on the basin modeling results, the main overpressure mechanism in Pelotas Basin is still mainly due to compaction disequilibrium.
Review on the Graptolites from the Lituigraptus convolutus and Stimulograptus sedgwickii biozones of Pulau Langgun, Langkawi, Malaysia
Authors: Saparin Muhammad Aqqid , Ismail Mohd Suhaili 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Graptolites from the Lituigraptus convolutus and Stimulograptus sedgwickii biozones from the topmost 270 cm of the Tanjung Dendang Formation (formerly Lower Detrital Member of the Setul Formation) previously collected by C. R. Jones in Pulau Langgun, Langkawi were reviewed, and revision on the taxanomic were made where necessary. Identified species include: Campograptus lobiferus (M’Coy), Demirastrites sp., ‘Monograptus’ delicatulus Elles and Wood, Normalograptus scalaris (Hisinger), Pseudoretiolites perlatus (Nicholson), Stimulograptus distans (Portlock), Stimulograptus sedgwickii (Portlock), Torquigraptus? decipiens (Törnquist), Torquigraptus cf. denticulatus (Törnquist), Glyptograptus sp. 1? and Glyptograptus sp. 2?. Biostratigraphical link between the graptolite assemblages in Langkawi and the assemblages in British, China and Myanmar is discussed. The revised graptolite assemblages suggest only the Stimulograptus sedgwickii Biozone is present for the topmost 270 cm interval of the Tanjung Dendang Formation.
Depositional environment characterization in deltaic system by utilizing core, well log and seismic attribute data, Northern Malay Basin
Authors: Kamilah Tsara , Hermana Maman , Almanna Luluan , Mokhtar Siti Sorhana Syazwani , Yunginger Raghel 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The heterogeneity of shallow marine facies is quite hard to be solved. However, integrating all the data is essential to determine the details of facies distribution, whereas facies characterization is an important part that should be done before the petrophysical characterisation. This study aims to evaluate the reservoir depositional facies distribution using seismic well log and core data based on sequence stratigraphy concept, seismic interpretation, and seismic attributes, thus reducing the risk of oil exploration and improving the success rate. To ensure the objective is achieved, sequence stratigraphy interpretation has been done using integrating well log, core, and seismic data to identify the depositional environment. Distribution of coal helps to create well log correlation. Lithofacies and fluid have been interpreted according to core, test and log patterns, such as; gas sand, brine sand, shale, and coal. Based on the characteristic of logs, biostratigraphy and core data, five depositional environments have been interpreted in this study including in-distributary channel, delta plain (flood plain shale), crevasse splay, delta front shale (prodelta), and mouth bar. The interval of the target area is generally influenced by regression systems where on the lower formation is dominated by the transition depositional environment and changed to be dominant of delta plain.
Artificial neural network (ANN) modeling for CO2 adsorption on Marcellus Shale
Authors: Irfan Sayed Ameenuddin , Abdulkareem Firas A. , Radman Amatalrhman , Faugere Gauthier , Padmanabhan Eswaran 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In this work, artificial neural network modeling for CO2 adsorption on various types of Marcellus shale samples is studied. The eight shale geometries are investigated for their CO2 adsorption at 298k and up to 50bar pressure utilizing a gravimetric technique and magnetic suspension balance. ANN modelling was applied to investigate three main objectives which are the impact of various training algorithms, various data initiation points, and altered training/validating ratios and number of neurons required for ANN model. The work can provide insightful knowledge linked to the impact of each of the studied parameters which play an important role in ANN modeling and training algorithms. The outcomes can provide an optimized matrix for unconventional resources, enhanced gas and oil recovery applications intend to apply the artificial intelligence modeling in their assessments.
Sum rules for Clebsch–Gordan coefficients from group theory and Runge-Lenz-Pauli vector
Authors: Pain Jean-Christophe 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
We present sum rules for Clebsch–Gordan coefficients in the framework of SO(4) group-theoretical description of the hydrogen atom. The main results are obtained using properties of the Runge-Lenz-Pauli vector, in particular expressing the matrix elements of the powers of its last component both in spherical and parabolic basis. Connections with Stark effect and diamagnetism of the hydrogen atom are outlined.
Narrating the Field of Communication Through Some Female Voices: Women’s Experiences and Stories in Academia
Authors: García-Jiménez Leonarda , Herrero Esperanza 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe field of communication has been constructed through primarily masculinized stories, such as the myth of the “founding fathers,” a situation that has tended to exclude the views and figures of female researchers. This article tries to remedy this by recovering the voices of women via eight in-depth interviews among prominent researchers (second-generation, 1960s–1970s) from Australia, Brazil, Canada, France, Italy, the UK, and the US. The results illustrate the inequality, sexual harassment, lack of legitimacy, and stereotypes faced by these women, and their strong emotional leadership. Their stories of success show how academia is a field of struggle where hegemony, domination, and resistance coexist. However, female experiences in academia are diverse and complex. That is why the article concludes with the need to continue tracking the stories of so many different women as knowing subjects, as well as the challenges of intersectionality in the epistemological construction of the field.
Back to Bandung for the Future: The Never-Ending Project of De-imperialization
Authors: Chen Kuan-Hsing , Lu Miao , Qiu Jack Linchuan 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
As intellectuals in modern education systems, “we are all foreigners,” foreign to our histories, local conditions, and commoners living next to us. The proposal for a global Bandung School (BS) has been on the table, with the mission to transform existing modes of thought and carry on the de-imperializing spirit of Bandung. By establishing Mandarin-World Bandung School (MBS), we propose to rediscover the spirit of anti-imperialism through locally grounded praxis and renewed intellectual trusteeship. De-imperialization is possible. The communication field shall be a critical site for global transformation beyond “coloniality.”
Does restricting therapeutic antibiotics use influence efficiency of pig farms? Evidence from Denmark’s Yellow Card Initiative
Authors: Belay Dagim G , Jensen Jørgen D 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn the light of increasing awareness of public health risks from livestock-sourced antimicrobial resistance, antimicrobial use in animal agriculture is facing increased regulations around the world. The most recent and sophisticated addition is the Danish Yellow Card Initiative, which imposes quantity restriction on therapeutic antibiotic use. Using a panel $m$-order conditional efficiency analysis, this article provides one of the first empirical estimates of the association between the Danish Yellow Card Initiative and the economic efficiency of pig farms. The research design enables us to establish associations rather than causal relationships but the results suggest a small reduction (0.15 percentage points for the average farm) in revenue efficiency and a small reduction (0.03 percentage points) in cost efficiency in the short run after imposing restrictions to antibiotic use.