bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genomic and transcriptomic analyses of the subterranean termite
Reticulitermes speratus
: Gene duplication facilitates social evolution
Authors: Shigenobu Shuji , Hayashi Yoshinobu , Watanabe Dai , Tokuda Gaku , Hojo Masaru Y. , Toga Kouhei , Saiki Ryota , Yaguchi Hajime , Masuoka Yudai , Suzuki Ryutaro , Suzuki Shogo , Kimura Moe , Matsunami Masatoshi , Sugime Yasuhiro , Oguchi Kohei , Niimi Teruyuki , Gotoh Hiroki , Hojo Masaru K. , Miyazaki Satoshi , Toyoda Atsushi , Miura Toru , Maekawa Kiyoto 
Published: January 2022

Significance
Gene duplication is a major source of evolutionary innovation and is associated with the increases in biological complexity and adaptive radiation. Termites are model social organisms characterized by a sophisticated caste system. We analyzed the genome of the Japanese subterranean termite, an ecologically and economically important insect acting as a destructive pest. The analyses revealed the significance of gene duplication in social evolution. Gene duplication associated with caste-biased gene expression was prevalent in the termite genome. Many of the duplicated genes were related to social functions, such as chemical communication, social immunity, and defense, and they were often expressed in caste-specific organs. We propose that gene duplication facilitates social evolution through regulatory diversification leading to caste-biased expression and functional specialization.
Extra-pair paternity explains cooperation in a bird species
Authors: Krams Indrikis A. , Mennerat Adèle , Krama Tatjana , Krams Ronalds , Jõers Priit , Elferts Didzis , Luoto Severi , Rantala Markus J. , Eliassen Sigrunn 
Published: January 2022

Significance
In many monogamous species, a substantial proportion of offspring is sired by other males than the one providing care at the nest. Although females often solicit extra-pair mating, the benefits of extra-pair copulations to females are not fully understood. In this study on pied flycatchers, we tested whether extra-pair paternity in neighboring nests may have affected the likelihood that males helped defend extra-pair offspring against predators. We found that extra-pair sires were more often engaged and invested more heavily in cooperative predator defense than males without extra-pair offspring. For female flycatchers, extra-pair mating may thus be an adaptive strategy for enhancing offspring survival and breeding success.
Rad54 and Rdh54 prevent Srs2-mediated disruption of Rad51 presynaptic filaments
Authors: Meir Aviv , Crickard J. Brooks , Kwon Youngho , Sung Patrick , Greene Eric C. 
Published: January 2022

Significance
Homologous DNA recombination is an essential pathway necessary for the repair of double-stranded DNA breaks. Defects in this pathway are associated with hereditary breast cancer, ovarian cancer, and cancer-prone syndromes. Although essential, too much recombination is also bad and can lead to genetic mutations. Thus, cells have evolved “antirecombinase” enzymes that can actively dismantle recombination intermediates to prevent excessive recombination. However, our current understanding of how antirecombinases are themselves regulated remains very limited. Here, we study the antirecombinase Srs2 and its regulation by the recombination accessory factors Rad54 and Rdh54. Our data suggest that Rad54 and Rdh54 act synergistically to function as key regulators of Srs2, thus serving as “licensing factors” that enable timely progression of DNA repair.
Lipid membranes modulate the activity of RNA through sequence-dependent interactions
Authors: Czerniak Tomasz , Saenz James P. 
Published: January 2022

Significance
Lipids, which are essential for life and one of the most ancient biomolecules, can spontaneously self-assemble to form membranous bilayers, theoretically providing a surface that can serve to concentrate, protect, and regulate RNAs. Here, we show that direct RNA–lipid interactions can modulate ribozyme activity in a lipid-dependent manner. We further demonstrate that RNA–lipid binding is influenced by nucleotide content and base pairing of RNAs. This yields an essential framework for engineering RNA–lipid systems that can be regulated based on sequence specificity and introduces a mechanism for riboregulation in cellular, synthetic, and prebiotic systems.
Atomic structure of Lanreotide nanotubes revealed by cryo-EM
Authors: Pieri Laura , Wang Fengbin , Arteni Ana-Andreea , Vos Matthijn , Winter Jean-Marie , Le Du Marie-Hélène , Artzner Franck , Gobeaux Frédéric , Legrand Pierre , Boulard Yves , Bressanelli Stéphane , Egelman Edward H. , Paternostre Maité 
Published: January 2022

Significance
The spectacular developments in cryoelectron microscopy involving new cameras, new microscopes, and new software make it possible today to routinely determine the atomic structures of a large range of molecular assemblies. This has allowed us to solve the atomic structure of nanotubes formed from a peptide, Lanreotide. Its gel, Somatuline, is used as a synthetic growth hormone inhibitor in the treatment of both acromegaly and cancers. The self-assembled nanotube results in a slow release form of the peptide, important pharmacologically. The nanotube structure shows an unexpected complexity and highlights the still unpredictable chemical and physicochemical determinants driving peptide self-assembly.
Documentation in specialised contexts
Authors: Mar Sánchez Ramos María del 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Existing training programmes in the field of public service interpreting and translation (PSIT) do not to focus on how best to develop students’ lexical competence and corpora-based search skills. This paper reports the design, implementation and evaluation of a novel corpus-based module intended to develop Spanish postgraduate PSIT students’ lexical competence and search strategies. Adopting a mixed-methods quasi-experimental design, we administered a pre- and post-test to both an experimental group and a control group to collect quantitative data and determine whether the corpus-based module contributes to improving participants’ lexical competence and search strategies. Semi-structured focus groups were conducted to collect qualitative data, which were thematically analysed. The findings indicate that a corpus-based methodology significantly improves PSIT students’ skills in these areas, leading to the conclusion that such an approach should be adopted more widely in PSIT pedagogy.
The Lorentz group and the Kronecker product of matrices
Authors: Larsson Jonas , Larsson Karl 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The group

S
L

(

2
,
C

)

of all complex 2 × 2 matrices with determinant one is closely related to the group

L

+

↑

of real 4 × 4 matrices representing the restricted Lorentz transformations. This relation, sometimes called the spinor map, is of fundamental importance in relativistic quantum mechanics and has applications also in general relativity. In this paper we show how the spinor map may be expressed in terms of pure matrix algebra by including the Kronecker product between matrices in the formalism. The so-obtained formula for the spinor map may be manipulated by matrix algebra and used in the study of Lorentz transformations.
High-temperature-resistant frequency selective metasurface with low-frequency diffusion and high-frequency transmission
Authors: Liang Cheng-Peng , Zhang Xiao , Fan Long-Zhen , Zhou Ming-Xing , Leung ShuWai , Wang Ya-Nan , Li Fei-Fei , Poo Yin 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This paper presents a high-temperature-resistant frequency selective metasurface with wide-band low-backward scattering at lower frequencies and wide-band efficient transmission at higher frequencies. The metasurface consists of three functional layers: lagging made of a low-loss insulation tile, a diffusive metasurface and a frequency-selective surface (FSS). The diffusion metasurface is comprised of various specially arranged square rings, where meander lines are integrated, ensuring transmission at higher frequencies. Seperated by a piece of honeycomb paper, a triple-layer coupled-resonator spatial filter FSS is placed below the diffusive metasurface. Based on the phase cancellation technique and dual-resonance transmission, a 10 dB reduction of radar cross section is achieved from 2.45 GHz to 11.55 GHz and a wide-band transmission lower than 1 dB is obtained in 17.33–19.08 GHz. In addition, a standard thermal test and subsequent electromagnetic test show that our sample maintains good performance after being heated at 500 °C for 5 s. This work opens a new route for designing frequency-selective metasurfaces with high temperature resistance.
Study on the characteristics of a photonic crystal sensor with rectangular lattice based on bound states in the continuum
Authors: Wang Zhan , Xue Qi , Zhao SaiLi , Zhang XiaoRong , Liu HuiMin , Sun XiaoHong 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In this paper, a sensor model of a photonic crystal with a rectangular lattice is proposed and its sensing characteristics based on bound states in the continuum are studied using the finite element method. Using the different resonances of the rectangular lattice in two axes, the resonance line-width can be adjusted by the polarization direction of incident light. This structure can achieve a sensitivity of 148 nm RIU−1 and the figure of merit above 821 RIU−1, which shows a great potential in high-quality sensors, filter, laser line-width modulation as well as measurement of angle and angular velocity.
Majorana neutrinos, exceptional Jordan algebra, and mass ratios for charged fermions
Authors: Bhatt Vivan , Mondal Rajrupa , Vaibhav Vatsalya , Singh Tejinder P 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
We provide theoretical evidence that the neutrino is a Majorana fermion. This evidence comes from assuming that the standard model and beyond-standard-model physics can be described through division algebras, coupled to quantum dynamics. We use the division algebras scheme to derive mass ratios for the standard model charged fermions of three generations. The predicted ratios agree well with the observed values if the neutrino is assumed to be Majorana. However, the theoretically calculated ratios completely disagree with known values if the neutrino is taken to be a Dirac particle. Towards the end of the article we discuss prospects for unification of the standard model with gravitation if the assumed symmetry group of the theory is E
6, and if it is assumed that space-time is an 8D octonionic space-time, with 4D Minkowski space-time being an emergent approximation. Remarkably, we find evidence that the precursor of classical gravitation, described by the symmetry SU(3)grav × SU(2)R × U(1)grav is the right-handed counterpart of the standard model SU(3)color × SU(2)L × U(1)
Y
. This provides the theoretical justification for the mass-ratios analysis based on the eigenvalues of the exceptional Jordan algebra.
Spin accumulation and spin Hall effect in a two-layer system with a thin ferromagnetic layer
Authors: Zhuravlev Mikhail , Alexandrov Artem , Vedyayev Anatoly 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Spin accumulation and spin current are phenomena that enhance the functionality of the devices operating with charge and spin. We calculated them for the system consisting of a ferroelectric barrier and a thin ferromagnetic layer when the current flows parallel to the interface. We assume Dresselhaus and Rashba spin–orbit coupling linear in electron wave number. We demonstrate that spin accumulation and spin current can be manipulated by changing the direction of the magnetization of the FM layer with respect to the crystallographic axes of the ferroelectric barrier.
A novel inductive angular displacement sensor based on time-grating
Authors: Sun Shizheng , Lv Ze , Han Yu , He Zeyin , Zhang Junming 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The paper proposes a novel inductive angular displacement sensor to measure large-diameter hollow rotating mechanical components in large science facilities. The sensor design includes a stator, a rotor with two layers of windings. The stator is fabricated according to the dimension of the rotor, which is the large-diameter hollow rotary mechanical components. Based on the principle of electromagnetic induction, the theoretical model of the proposed sensor is acquired by mathematical equations in detail. The proposed sensor design ensures integration of the large-diameter hollow rotating mechanical components with the stator, and solves the problem that the sensors cannot be coaxially installed in the closed-loop control process of large mechanical rotating parts. The performance of the sensor is evaluated by tests of the prototype sensor fabricated by printed circuit board technology, which manifests the effectiveness of the proposed sensor. The results demonstrate the value of original dynamic relative error is ±97.6″ over 0°–360° range, and the measurement error mainly includes first-order and second-order harmonic components. Therefore, the original errors are reduced by optimizing the angular displacement algorithm of the sensor, optimized results demonstrate the final relative accuracy of the sensor is ±3.5″ over the 0°–360° measurement range.
Detection of trace volatile organic compounds in spiked breath samples: a leap towards breathomics
Authors: Ray Bishakha , Parmar Saurabh , Vijayan Varsha , Vishwakarma Satyendra , Datar Suwarna 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Breathomics is the future of non-invasive point-of-care devices. The field of breathomics can be split into the isolation of disease-specific volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and their detection. In the present work, an array of five quartz tuning fork (QTF)-based sensors modified by polymer with nanomaterial additive has been utilized. The array has been used to detect samples of human breath spiked with ∼0.5 ppm of known VOCs namely, acetone, acetaldehyde, octane, decane, ethanol, methanol, styrene, propylbenzene, cyclohexanone, butanediol, and isopropyl alcohol which are bio-markers for certain diseases. Polystyrene was used as the base polymer and it was functionalized with 4 different fillers namely, silver nanoparticles-reduced graphene oxide composite, titanium dioxide nanoparticles, zinc ferrite nanoparticles-reduced graphene oxide composite, and cellulose acetate. Each of these fillers enhanced the selectivity of a particular sensor towards a certain VOC compared to the pristine polystyrene-modified sensor. Their interaction with the VOCs in changing the mechanical properties of polymer giving rise to change in the resonant frequency of QTF is used as sensor response for detection. The interaction of functionalized polymers with VOCs was analyzed by FTIR and UV–vis spectroscopy. The collective sensor response of five sensors is used to identify VOCs using an ensemble classifier with 92.8% accuracy of prediction. The accuracy of prediction improved to 96% when isopropyl alcohol, ethanol, and methanol were considered as one class.
A modified model to estimate the screening current-induced magnetic field of a REBCO magnet
Authors: Tang Yunkai , Liu Donghui , Li Dongke , Yong Huadong , Zhou Youhe 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Experiments have shown that the actual value of the magnetic field in a magnet wound by rare-earth (RE) Ba2Cu3O7−x
tape during operation is less than its design value due to the effect of the screening current-induced magnetic field (SCMF). Several simulation methods have been used to calculate the SCMF. In this paper, a modified model is proposed to estimate the SCMF of a magnet based on the previous simple model. The inductance correction and field-dependent critical current density are considered in the modified model. Two parameters, the reversal and Nagaoka coefficients, are introduced in the model. The former is used to track the location of the minimum SCMF value in the charging process and the latter is applied to correct the induction of the magnet. The numerical results indicate that the SCMF estimated by the modified model is in agreement with those from experiments and the finite element method. Moreover, the effects of electromagnetic and geometrical parameters on the reversal and Nagaoka coefficients are also investigated. Finally, the model is extended to estimate the SCMF of a no-insulation magnet.
Magnetosonic waves in ion trapped semiconductor chip plasma with effect of exchange correlation potential and relativistic degeneracy
Authors: Safdar A , Mushtaq A , Usman S , Aman-ur-Rehman  
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The generalized dispersion relation for the propagation of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) waves in Cd+ ion trapped semiconductor electron-hole-ion plasmas is studied with effect of quantum corrections. The important ingredients of these corrections occurred due to Bohm potential, relativistic degeneracy, exchange-correlation potential and spin magnetization and have significant impact on the dispersion properties of perpendicular and oblique modes of MHD wave. The derived results are numerically analyzed by using the numerical parameters of GaAs, GaSb, GaN, and InP semiconductors plasmas. From the numerical analysis it is observed that for higher number density, the phase speed of magnetosonic wave is larger for the InP semiconductor, while for low number density plasma region, it gives lower values for GaAs semiconductor. Similarly the phase speed of magnetosonic wave for GaAs decreases with applied magnetic field for different regime of number density. Due to exchange-correlation potential it is found that the frequencies of magnetosonic waves are blue-shifted means that it has magnified the phase speed. It is also shown that frequency of oblique MHD wave for GaAs semiconductor plasmas increases (decreases) with number density of electrons (holes). The relativistic degeneracy term (γ) for given number density is numerically calculated (1.00011 ∼ 1.0058) for all the above-mentioned semiconductors and it is observed that due to its mild numerical value it has not significant impact on graphical manipulation. The Alfven speed for above compound semiconductors with B
0 ≤ 104
G is also calculated which are in the permissible range of order 104 cm/s to 107 cm/s. The results are helpful to understand the energy transport in semiconductor plasma in the presence of magnetic field.
Development of an analytical model of work function modulated GAA MOSFET for electrostatic performance analysis
Authors: Bhol Krutideepa , Nanda Umakanta , Jena Biswajit , Tayal Shubham , Biswal Sudhansu M 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This paper describes a continuous and almost linearly modulated work-function adjustment between 4.8–4.2eV using Hf-Mo binary alloy. The work-function modulated (WM) metal gate is applied to a gate all around MOSFET (GAA) for better electrostatic control. The threshold voltage is tuned by linearly modulating the gate metal work function. The threshold voltage extracted for dual-GAA MOSFET is initially 0.705 V. However, introducing work-function modulation, the threshold voltage is shifted to 0.620 V for WMGAA and 0.632 V for dual-WMGAA MOSFET. The simulation results validate the benefits of using work-function modulated metal gate in place of normal metal gate in terms of electron mobility, threshold voltage (Vth), and drain current (Id). An improved device performance with reduced short channel effect shows the capability of this device for various circuit applications.
Synthesis of Ti3C2Tx MXene from the Ti3AlC2 MAX phase with enhanced optical and morphological properties by using ammonia solution with the in-situ HF forming method
Authors: Ashok Anamika , Saseendran Swathy B , Asha A S 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Liquid phase exfoliation of Ti3C2Tx MXene using LiF/HCl mix, forming HF in situ, has been modified by the addition of NH4OH. The base assisted dilution and extraction of MXene enables a quick control over pH and improves the structural, morphological and optical properties of the compound. The formation of a buffer compound NH4F, reduces the oxidation on the surface of MXene and etches off the residual MAX phase, by attacking Al. The structural features of the prepared NH4OH added Ti3C2Tx MXene are remarkably better than the HF etched samples, with the characteristic MXene peak in XRD being emphasized in the former. The addition of ammonia solution improves the milder in situ HF etching technique, by giving the characteristic open accordion structure to the compound, making the compound easy to delaminate and more stable against oxidation in ambient atmosphere.
On the problems of reusing reprocessed uranium by enrichment in schemes based on ordinary cascades
Authors: Gusev V E 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The problem of spent nuclear fuel attracts considerable attention while its quantity is accumulating worldwide. The problem of long-term supply of the fresh fuel also remains important. One of the strategies to solve both problems is reusing the spent nuclear material. The uranium, in this way, could be recycled multiple times in light-water reactors. In order to recycle the uranium, it is extracted from the irradiated fuel during the reprocessing and then enriched in 235U, taking into account the limitations on reactor-born isotopes 232,236U in the final product. The only way to do this is enrichment in cascades of gas centrifuges. However, not every cascade scheme is able to re-enrich the uranium for multiple recycles, utilizing the whole amount of uranium extracted from the irradiated fuel each time. This study shows that configurations based on ordinary three-flow cascades could not be used for this purpose. In particular, we have shown that starting from the second uranium fuel cycle, such schemes are no longer able to reclaim the necessary proportion of the reprocessed uranium.
Control System of Wind Power Generation Based on Artificial Intelligence Technology
Authors: Wang Y 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In order to improve the intelligence and production efficiency of the wind power generation control system, a wind power generation control system based on artificial intelligence technology is proposed. The paper describes the overall features of the scheme in detail, analyzes and discusses the core technology of the scheme, and expounds the concrete realization process of the scheme. The results show that the scheme can improve the intelligence of the wind power generation control system, and improve the productivity and benefit of the wind power generation automatic control system.
Reactive Power Optimization Based on AVC Time-division Control Strategy
Authors: Wang XM , Wang HB , Zhang J , Liu SC , Ma YF , Yan W 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In order to avoid frequent actions of transformer taps and capacitor banks caused by reactive power optimization, this paper proposes a reactive power optimization based on AVC time division control strategy. The time division control strategy is used to segment the load curve of the next day, and the reactive power optimization process of each period is calculated by genetic algorithm. The strategy and algorithm are applied to the reactive power and voltage optimization of IEEE 30 bus system. The simulation results show that the method can realize reactive power optimization more efficiently.
Experimental study on bridge vibration test
Authors: Jin B , Liu D , Zhu CK 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Taking Chaihe bridge in Tieling City and Songhuajiang railway bridge on Binbei line as examples, the vibration test is carried out by using the environmental excitation method. By testing and comparing the first three typical vibration modes of the two bridges, and the experimental research shows that: A. compared with Concrete-Filled Steel Tubular Bridge, truss bridge has higher stiffness. B. The span and height of truss bridge can be higher and farther than that of Concrete-Filled Steel Tubular Bridge; C. Truss bridge is more convenient in testing, maintenance and health monitoring, and has good performance and stability.