bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ruptured Sylvian arachnoid cysts: an update on a real problem
Authors: Massimi L. , Bianchi F. , Benato A. , Frassanito P. , Tamburrini G. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Sylvian arachnoid cysts (SACs) are the most common type of arachnoid cysts and the most prone to undergo a rupture. This event is considered rare but potentially severe. No definite information is available on its occurrence or management. The goal of the present article is to provide an update on the epidemiological, etiological, and clinical aspects and the management of this peculiar clinical condition.

Methods
A comprehensive review of the English literature of the last 40 years on this topic has been realized. Moreover, a personal series of children investigated and treated in the last 20 years is presented. These patients were managed as follows: (1) treatment of the subdural collection; (2) identification of candidates for surgical treatment of the residual cyst (brain MRI, perfusion brain MRI, prolonged invasive ICP monitoring (selected cases), EEG, neuropsychological tests); (3) surgical treatment of the cyst in the patients with pathological perfusion MRI and/or ICP measurement and/or clear neurophysiological and neuropsychological correlations.

Results
A total of 446 patients (430 from the literature and 16 from the personal series), mainly children, adolescents, and young adults, have been analyzed leading to the following results: (1) SAC rupture is rare but not negligible (yearly risk of rupture: 0.04%; overall risk up to 10% in children affected by SCAs). Prophylactic surgery in asymptomatic cases is not advisable. (2) The mechanism of rupture is not known but an impact of SAC against the sphenoid wing and/or a direct injury on SAC through a thinned temporal bone, with possible laceration of the cyst wall vessels and/or tear of the bridging veins, can be hypothesized. A head injury is often not reported (may be misdiagnosed). (3) Subdural collection (hygroma > chronic hematoma) is the most common finding followed by intracystic bleeding, extradural hematoma, and other types of bleeding. Signs or symptoms of raised intracranial pressure are the most frequent ones. (4) The complication of the rupture is usually treated in emergency or in the acute period by burr hole or craniotomic evacuation of the subdural collection, although a conservative management is possible in some cases. Following the rupture, the majority of SACs are treated (70%), often at the same time of the complication, but no specific investigations are routinely performed to select candidates. According to our protocol, only 43.7% of SACs needed to be treated.

Conclusions
The “spontaneous” or posttraumatic rupture of SACs is a rare but potentially significant complication followed by a generally good outcome. The course of the cyst is independent from the outcome of the complication, consequently requiring specific investigations for individuating those lesions interfering with CSF dynamics and/or cerebral blood flow.
Einfluss sozialer Beziehungen auf Corona-Sorgen bei der Pflegeheim-Bevölkerung
Authors: Rohner Rebekka , Gallistl Vera , Hartmann Vera , Heidinger Theresa , Paulinger Gerhard , Kolland Franz 
Published: September 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Während der durch die „coronavirus disease 2019“ (COVID-19) ausgelösten Pandemie im Frühling und im Sommer 2020 stiegen die Sorgen und Ängste von Bewohner*innen der stationären Langzeitpflege vor einer Erkrankung und den Auswirkungen des Virus (Corona-Sorgen). Im Umgang mit Sorgen stellt der Kontakt zu nahestehenden Personen eine wichtige Ressource dar; dieser wurde allerdings gerade in Pflegeeinrichtungen streng reglementiert. Deshalb wird von erhöhten psychischen Belastungen ausgegangen, es mangelt jedoch an repräsentativen Daten.

Ziele der Arbeit
Die Arbeit verfolgt die Fragestellung: Wie beeinflussen die sozialen Beziehungen von Pflegeheimbewohner*innen ihre Corona-Sorgen?

Material und Methoden
Im Sommer 2020 wurden in ganz Österreich 259 Pflegeheimbewohner*innen eines Trägers in einer repräsentativen, standardisierten Face-to-face-Befragung interviewt.

Ergebnisse
Erstens zeigen die Daten hohe emotionale Belastungen bei den Pflegeheimbewohner*innen, allerdings auch eine gewisse psychische Resilienz. Zweitens besteht ein Zusammenhang zwischen emotionaler Einsamkeit und höheren Corona-Sorgen („odds ratio“ [OR] = 2,30; p < 0,01). Drittens hängt auch ein häufiger telefonischer und/oder persönlicher Kontakt zu Angehörigen mit höheren Corona-Sorgen zusammen (OR = 1,32; p < 0,05).

Schlussfolgerungen
In den aktuellen Zeiten, in denen eine Krise die nächste ablöst, braucht es mehr Wissen über die psychischen Resilienzen von Pflegeheimbewohner*innen und wie diese gefördert werden können. Außerdem braucht es mehr Wissen über die Rolle der Angehörigen, und ob diese eher ein Ausgangspunkt von Sorgen sind oder eine Umgangsstrategie mit Sorgen darstellen.
Mobile bearing versus fixed bearing medial unicompartmental knee replacement: an independent two center matched-pairs analysis
Authors: Hariri Mustafa , Hauer Georg , Smolle Maria , Sadoghi Patrick , Leithner Andreas , Panzram Benjamin , Merle Christian , Renkawitz Tobias , Walker Tilman 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Introduction
The aim of the present study was to compare clinical outcome between patients following fixed-bearing (FB) or mobile-bearing (MB) unicompartmental knee replacement (UKR) for antero-medial knee osteoarthrosis (OA) at two independent orthopedic centers.

Materials and methods
Matched-pairs were built between 35 patients receiving FB-UKR and 52 patients following MB-UKR regarding age at time of surgery, body mass index (BMI) and range of motion (ROM) preoperatively. Clinical and functional outcome was measured postoperatively by the American Knee Society Score (AKSS-O/AKSS-F), ROM, Tegner Activity Scale (TAS) as well as the Short Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36).

Results
The average treatment effect of the treated (ATT) after propensity score matching showed a significantly superior ROM in patients following MB-UKR (FB: 118°, MB: 124°). All remaining parameters had no statistically significant differences between both groups involving TAS, AKSS and SF-36.

Conclusions
The present study suggests that MB-UKR can provide a greater ROM compared to FB-UKR on comparable patients. The authors believe that both designs are suitable for adequate improvement of clinical outcome and ROM for patients suffering from antero-medial osteoarthrosis of the knee joint.

Level of evidence
Retrospective cohort study, Level IV.
Evaluating the performance of meta-heuristic algorithms on CEC 2021 benchmark problems
Authors: Mohamed Ali Wagdy , Sallam Karam M. , Agrawal Prachi , Hadi Anas A. , Mohamed Ali Khater 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTo develop new meta-heuristic algorithms and evaluate on the benchmark functions is the most challenging task. In this paper, performance of the various developed meta-heuristic algorithms are evaluated on the recently developed CEC 2021 benchmark functions. The objective functions are parametrized by inclusion of the operators, such as bias, shift and rotation. The different combinations of the binary operators are applied to the objective functions which leads to the CEC2021 benchmark functions. Therefore, different meta-heuristic algorithms are considered which solve the benchmark functions with different dimensions. The performance of some basic, advanced meta-heuristics algorithms and the algorithms that participated in the CEC2021 competition have been experimentally investigated and many observations, recommendations, conclusions have been reached. The experimental results show the performance of meta-heuristic algorithms on the different combinations of binary parameterized operators.
Revisiting Shikhmurzaev’s Approach to the Contact Line Problem
Authors: Ghosh Amrita , Niethammer Barbara , Velázquez Juan J. L. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we revisit a model for the contact line problem which has been proposed by Shikhmurzaev (Int. J. Multiph. Flow 19(4):589–610, 1993). In the first part, in addition to rederiving the model, we study in detail the assumptions required to obtain the isothermal limit of the model. We also derive in this paper several lubrication approximation models, based on Shikhmurzaev’s approach. The first two lubrication models describe thin film flow of incompressible fluids on solid substrates, based on different orders of magnitude of the slip length parameter. The third lubrication model describes a meniscus formation where a wedge-shaped solid immerses in a thin film of fluid.
Competition with indivisibilities and few traders
Authors: Martinelli César , Wang Jianxin , Zheng Weiwei 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe study minimal conditions for competitive behavior with few agents. We adapt a price-quantity strategic market game to the indivisible commodity environment commonly used in double auction experiments, and show that all Nash equilibrium outcomes with active trading are competitive if and only if there are at least two buyers and two sellers willing to trade at every competitive price. Unlike previous formulations, this condition can be verified directly by checking the set of competitive equilibria. In laboratory experiments, the condition we provide turns out to be enough to induce competitive results, and the Nash equilibrium appears to be a good approximation for market outcomes. Subjects, although possessing limited information, are able to act as if complete information were available in the market.
Phenomenology and Complexity
Authors: Zhok Andrea 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis text aims to show how some substantial ontological conclusions, consistent with the notion of ‘complexity’, can be demonstrated through elementary phenomenological analyzes. In particular, we will show that it is necessary to acknowledge an ontology where the forms of ontological efficacy cannot be reduced to efficient causality, the relations between properties are irreducible to deduction, irreducible qualities must exist originally, further qualities emerge from existing qualities, and no explanatory key less complex than the fullness of consciousness’ functions can account for reality.
Are Collective Trading Organisations Necessarily Inclusive of Smallholder Farmers?: A Comparative Analysis of Farmer-led Auctions in the Javanese Chilli Market
Authors: Untari Dyah Woro , Vellema Sietze 
Published: September 2022

AbstractOrganising smallholder farmers into groups or co-operatives is widely promoted as a strategy to connect farmers to markets and turn them into price makers rather than price takers. This pathway usually combines co-operative organisational models, based on collective ownership and representation in internal governance, with measures to shorten the agri-food chain, shifting the ownership of intermediary sourcing, aggregating and trading functions to the group. The underlying assumption is that this improves smallholder farmers' terms of inclusion in markets. To scrutinise this assumption, our study compares two examples of farmer-led auctions facilitating trading in the chilli market in Java, Indonesia. The auctions' ownership, management and performance evolved differently: one was run by a group and the other by a family. The comparison brings nuance to the prevalent emphasis on co-operative ownership structures. By researching practices central to collective trading at the chilli supplier–trader interface, this study unravels four dimensions—ownership, voice, reward and risk—capturing smallholder chilli farmers' terms of inclusion in both the auctions and the market. Our comparative analysis suggests that shared ownership and control of the trading function, a central feature of co-operative models, does not necessarily ensure favourable terms of inclusion for smallholder farmers with little capacity to take risks. The capacity to reconfigure the terms of market inclusion for vulnerable smallholder farmers involves direct payment modalities and risk taking. A collectively owned trading organisation does not necessarily imply an inclusive business concept when the organisation cannot acquire sufficient working capital to pay its suppliers.
Behavioral Improvements but Limited Change in Callous-Unemotional Traits in Adolescents Treated for Conduct Problems
Authors: Thøgersen Dagfinn Mørkrid , Elmose Mette , Viding Essi , McCrory Eamon , Bjørnebekk Gunnar 
Published: September 2022

AbstractCallous-unemotional (CU) traits have been linked to more severe and sustained behavior problems among adolescents. The aims of this study were to examine the treatment impact and malleability of CU traits among adolescents and explore potential moderation effects of treatment condition and CU sub-typology. A sample of 159 adolescents (45.9% girls; M age = 14.7 years, SD = 1.47) and their parents participated in a randomized controlled trial of Functional Family Therapy with three assessments (baseline, 6-months and 18-months) of behavior problems, CU traits, prosocial skills and the parent-youth relationship. Latent growth curve model (LGCM) analyses revealed that children with higher CU traits had greater reductions in aggressive and rule-breaking behavior and greater improvements in social skills (|standardized coefficients| = 0.27–0.32). Similarly, higher CU traits were linked to larger increases in parent-ratings of family cohesion and youth-ratings of maternal support (standardized coefficients = 0.26–0.27). Reliable Change Index summaries showed that CU traits remained unchanged for the majority of participants (73.6% and 72.6% had no reliable short- and long-term change, respectively). Baseline anxiety linked to CU sub-typology moderated some of the study results. Findings show that adolescents with co-occurring behavior problems and elevated CU traits can obtain improvement in behavioral and relational outcomes in out-patient treatment. Strikingly, such improvements can occur notwithstanding a limited reduction in CU traits. Future work should investigate whether the treatment gains would be more substantial and stable if treatment adjuncts modifying the CU traits themselves were concurrently deployed.
Microdialysis of Drug and Drug Metabolite: a Comprehensive In Vitro Analysis for Voriconazole and Voriconazole N-oxide
Authors: Schulz Josefine , Michelet Robin , Zeitlinger Markus , Mikus Gerd , Kloft Charlotte 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Voriconazole is a therapeutically challenging antifungal drug associated with high interindividual pharmacokinetic variability. As a prerequisite to performing clinical trials using the minimally-invasive sampling technique microdialysis, a comprehensive in vitro microdialysis characterization of voriconazole (VRC) and its potentially toxic N-oxide metabolite (NO) was performed.

Methods
The feasibility of simultaneous microdialysis of VRC and NO was explored in vitro by investigating the relative recovery (RR) of both compounds in the absence and presence of the other. The dependency of RR on compound combination, concentration, microdialysis catheter and study day was evaluated and quantified by linear mixed-effects modeling.

Results
Median RR of VRC and NO during individual microdialysis were high (87.6% and 91.1%). During simultaneous microdialysis of VRC and NO, median RR did not change (87.9% and 91.1%). The linear mixed-effects model confirmed the absence of significant differences between RR of VRC and NO during individual and simultaneous microdialysis as well as between the two compounds (p > 0.05). No concentration dependency of RR was found (p = 0.284). The study day was the main source of variability (46.3%) while the microdialysis catheter only had a minor effect (4.33%). VRC retrodialysis proved feasible as catheter calibration for both compounds.

Conclusion
These in vitro microdialysis results encourage the application of microdialysis in clinical trials to assess target-site concentrations of VRC and NO. This can support the generation of a coherent understanding of VRC pharmacokinetics and its sources of variability. Ultimately, a better understanding of human VRC pharmacokinetics might contribute to the development of personalized dosing strategies.
Poro-Mechanical Coupling for Flow Diagnostics
Authors: Gutierrez-Sosa Lesly , Geiger Sebastian , Doster Florian 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAccounting for poro-mechanical effects in full-field reservoir simulation studies and uncertainty quantification workflows using complex reservoir models is challenging, mainly because of the high computational cost. We hence introduce an alternative approach that couples hydrodynamics through existing flow diagnostics simulations with poro-mechanics to screen the impact of coupled poro-mechanical processes on reservoir performance without significantly increasing computational overheads. In flow diagnostics, time-of-flight distributions and influence regions can be used to characterise the flow field in the reservoir, which depends on the distribution of petrophysical properties that are altered due to production-induced changes in pore pressure and effective stress. These extended flow diagnostics calculations hence enable us to quickly screen how the dynamics in the reservoirs (e.g. reservoir connectivity, displacement efficiency, and well allocation factors) are affected by the complex interactions between poro-mechanics and hydrodynamics. Our poro-mechanically informed flow diagnostics account for steady-state and single-phase flow conditions based on the poro-elastic theory and assume that the reservoir does not contain fractures. Fluid flow and rock deformation calculations are coupled sequentially. The equations are discretised using a finite-volume method with two-point flux-approximation and the virtual element method, respectively. The solution of the coupled system considers stress-dependent permeabilities. Due to the steady-state nature of the calculations and the effective proposed coupling strategy, these calculations remain computationally efficient while providing first-order approximations of the interplay between poro-mechanics and hydrodynamics, as we demonstrate through a series of case studies. The extended flow diagnostic approach hence provides an efficient complement to traditional reservoir simulation and uncertainty quantification workflows and enable us to assess a broader range of reservoir uncertainties.
Gender Differences in Alcohol Use: a Nationwide Study in a Multiethnic Population
Authors: Goh Chong Min Janrius , Asharani P. V. , Abdin Edimansyah , Shahwan Shazana , Zhang Yunjue , Sambasivam Rajeswari , Vaingankar Janhavi Ajit , Ma Stefan , Chong Siow Ann , Subramaniam Mythily 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe increase in alcohol consumption, and the greater consequences of chronic alcohol use among females, as well as the convergence of the gender gap warrants investigation. This paper aims to uncover gender differences in individuals with alcohol use disorder (AUD) in Singapore. The SMHS 2016 was a population-based, cross-sectional, epidemiological study. Recruitment spanned from August 2016 to March 2018, where 6126 respondents were recruited. Similarly to global estimates, lifetime prevalence and 12-month prevalence for AUD were higher in males than females. However, females had a higher prevalence of obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) co-morbidity than males. Women also had an earlier onset and age of recovery of AUD than men. Alarmingly, male (94.14%) and female (100%) respondents reported low help-seeking for their AUD. Gender differences in individuals with AUD were identified in Singapore population. Future research should direct its effort to identify barriers to help-seeking for individuals with alcohol use disorder.
Clinical and neuroimaging review of triplet repeat diseases
Authors: Kurokawa Ryo , Kurokawa Mariko , Mitsutake Akihiko , Nakaya Moto , Baba Akira , Nakata Yasuhiro , Moritani Toshio , Abe Osamu 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTriplet repeat diseases (TRDs) refer to a group of diseases caused by three nucleotide repeats elongated beyond a pathologic threshold. TRDs are divided into the following four groups depending on the pathomechanisms, although the pathomechanisms of several diseases remain unelucidated: polyglutamine disorders, caused by a pathologic repeat expansion of CAG (coding the amino acid glutamine) located within the exon; loss-of-function repeat disorders, characterized by the common feature of a loss of function of the gene within which they occur; RNA gain-of-function disorders, involving the production of a toxic RNA species; and polyalanine disorders, caused by a pathologic repeat expansion of GCN (coding the amino acid alanine) located within the exon. Many of these TRDs manifest through neurologic symptoms; moreover, neuroimaging, especially brain magnetic resonance imaging, plays a pivotal role in the detection of abnormalities, differentiation, and management of TRDs. In this article, we reviewed the clinical and neuroimaging features of TRDs. An early diagnosis of TRDs through clinical and imaging approaches is important and may contribute to appropriate medical intervention for patients and their families.
Nitrogen addition promotes foliar litterfall and element return in a subtropical forest, southwestern China
Authors: Zhang Yue , Xiong Shichen , You Chengming , Liu Sining , Wang Lixia , Zhang Li , Li Han , Tan Bo , Liu Yang , Xu Zhenfeng 
Published: September 2022

AbstractNitrogen deposition has a considerable impact on biogeochemical cycling in terrestrial ecosystems. However, how litter production and element return respond to N addition remains poorly understood in nitrogen-rich subtropical regions. In this study, a 4-year nitrogen addition experiment explored its effects on foliar litter production and carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus in a subtropical Michelia wilsonii forest. A clear seasonal pattern in foliar litterfall was observed, regardless of nitrogen treatments, with a peak in spring and a smaller one in autumn. Foliar litter increased with increasing nitrogen but did not affect litter carbon concentrations and often decreased nitrogen and phosphorous concentrations. The effect of nitrogen addition was dependent on time (month/year). Carbon, nitrogen and phosphorous return showed similar bimodal seasonal patterns. Nitrogen addition increased carbon and nitrogen return but did not affect phosphorous. Our results suggest that the addition of nitrogen stimulates carbon and nutrient return via litterfall.
The role of algebraic thinking in dealing with negative numbers
Authors: Vlassis Joëlle , Demonty Isabelle 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTo date, of the many studies on early algebraic thinking, none, to our knowledge, has examined the relationships between algebraic thinking and negative numbers. Students encounter persistent difficulties in dealing with these numbers, and we believe that these could be addressed through the development of algebraic thinking. We are particularly interested in relational thinking, a form of algebraic thinking involved in generalised arithmetic, characterised by the ability to identify the structure of an expression as well as the relationships between numbers. The idea of the ‘subtractive number’ has been highlighted in this context. The aim of the study was to investigate the role of relational thinking in dealing with negative numbers. We submitted a paper-and-pencil test to 166 grade 6 students in order to analyse their skills in operations with integers, as well as their relational thinking in questions relating to the compensation strategy in subtraction. We then examined the extent to which the students who answered the compensation questions correctly performed the operations with integers better than those who answered them incorrectly. Our results showed that students’ ability to see the subtraction operation as a ‘transformation’ involving a unary use of the minus sign appears to be a factor in their success in operations with negatives. Few students demonstrated this ability, yet it can be seen as an essential stage on which to base the progressive development of relational thinking.