bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of Intestinal Parasitic Infections and Their Associated Risk Factors among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care Center at Woreilu Health Center, Woreilu, Northeast Ethiopia
Authors: Kebede Edosa , Asefa Netsanet , Daba Chala , Gebretsadik Daniel 
Published: April 2022

Background. Intestinal parasitic infections (IPIs) affect millions of pregnant women worldwide and if left untreated can cause adverse effects for mothers, fetuses, and newborns. This study was aimed at determining the prevalence and associated risk factors of intestinal parasitic infections among pregnant women in Woreilu, Northeast Ethiopia. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Woreilu Health Center from October 2018 to February 2019. A convenient sampling technique was used to select the study subjects. The data related to the sociodemographic information and associated risk factors were collected by the interview technique, and fresh stool samples were collected from each pregnant woman. The microscopic examination of the stool samples was done by using direct wet mount preparations in normal saline and formol ether concentration techniques. Descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression were used. A

p

value < 0.05 was taken as statistically significant. Results. A total of 331 pregnant women were included. The

mean
±
standard

deviation

of age of the participants was

26.3
±
5.96

years ranging between 16 and 43 years. The overall prevalence of IPIs was 144 (43.5%) with the predominance of E. histolytica/dispar (44.4%) followed by A. lumbricoides (15.7%). Being a student (

AOR
=
3.35

, 95% CI: 1.01-11.09,

p
=
0.047

), second trimester (

AOR
=
3.94

, 95% CI: 1.46-10.64,

p
=
0.007

), third trimester (

AOR
=
3.32

, 95% CI: 1.15-9.6,

p
=
0.027

), and using spring water for drinking (

AOR
=
2.91

, 95% CI: 1.62-5.22,

p
≤
0.001

) were significantly associated with IPIs. Conclusion. The prevalence of IPIs was high in this study. Being a student, second and third trimester, and using spring water for drinking were associated factors with IPIs. Therefore, improving the sanitation of the students and providing clean drinking water for the women should be strengthened. Screening women and providing health education during their antenatal care (ANC) visits are also recommended.
Francis Turretin’s Thomistic Theology of Natural Law
Authors: Saad Toni C. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In contrast to much contemporary Reformed and broader evangelical theology, Francis Turretin, the great Genevan theologian of High Orthodoxy, considers natural law in favorable terms, notably under Topic 11 of his Institutes of Elenctic Theology. This essay offers an exposition of Turretin’s account of natural law and compares it to that of Thomas Aquinas. It is shown that there is substantial agreement between Turretin and Aquinas on the notion and content of natural law, despite their different approaches to the subject. This conclusion supports ongoing efforts to reevaluate and reappropriate natural law and Thomism in Reformed theology.
Colin Gunton and John Calvin on the Via Negativa and Theological Projection
Authors: McCray Alden C. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This article contrasts two approaches to the via negativa in the work of Colin Gunton and John Calvin. After examining Gunton’s allegation that unbiblical causal and hierarchical commitments within the negative way describe God by projecting the negation of creaturely attributes, it argues that the scriptural exegesis of John Calvin illuminates some of the shortcomings of these critiques. Calvin’s close engagement with scriptural texts about divine alterity demonstrates how the via negativa may be a form of biblical reasoning and highlights the utility of exegesis for discerning the biblical logic of traditional modes of divine naming.
How I prevent GVHD in high-risk patients: posttransplant cyclophosphamide and beyond
Authors: Rimando Joseph , McCurdy Shannon R. , Luznik Leo 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Advances in conditioning, graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis and antimicrobial prophylaxis have improved the safety of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT), leading to a substantial increase in the number of patients transplanted each year. This influx of patients along with progress in remission-inducing and posttransplant maintenance strategies for hematologic malignancies has led to new GVHD risk factors and high-risk groups: HLA-mismatched related (haplo) and unrelated (MMUD) donors; older recipient age; posttransplant maintenance; prior checkpoint inhibitor and autologous HCT exposure; and patients with benign hematologic disorders. Along with the changing transplant population, the field of HCT has dramatically shifted in the past decade because of the widespread adoption of posttransplantation cyclophosphamide (PTCy), which has increased the use of HLA-mismatched related donors to levels comparable to HLA-matched related donors. Its success has led investigators to explore PTCy’s utility for HLA-matched HCT, where we predict it will be embraced as well. Additionally, combinations of promising new agents for GVHD prophylaxis such as abatacept and JAK inhibitors with PTCy inspire hope for an even safer transplant platform. Using 3 illustrative cases, we review our current approach to transplantation of patients at high risk of GVHD using our modern armamentarium.
Rhabdomyolysis induced by rosuvastatin combined with entecavir: a case report
Authors: Wang Wen , Lu Xu , Li Chengbo , Teng Wei , Cui Wei 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Rhabdomyolysis is a serious and potentially life threatening condition that can be caused by drugs. We report a case of acute hepatitis B with rhabdomyolysis after treatment with rosuvastatin and entecavir.

Case presentation
A 72-year-old female was admitted to our hospital due to acute hepatitis B infection. She had taken atorvastatin for 3 months before being admitted to our hospital. After being administered entecavir (ETV) and rosuvastatin to replace atorvastatin, she suffered from muscle pain in both lower limbs and was diagnosed with rhabdomyolysis. After discontinuation of the two drugs, the patient's symptoms subsided and creatine kinase levels returned to normal. We hypothesize that the rhabdomyolysis was caused by the combination of rosuvastatin and ETV.

Conclusions
We suggest that patients who use rosuvastatin and ETV be made aware of the complication of rhabdomyolysis.
Specific T-cell responses for guiding treatment with convalescent plasma in severe COVID-19 and humoral immunodeficiency: a case report
Authors: Nyström Katarina , Hjorth Maria , Fust Ramona , Nilsdotter-Augustinsson Åsa , Larsson Marie , Niward Katarina , Nyström Sofia 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
The immune response to SARS-CoV-2 virus, the cause of COVID-19, is complex. Antibody mediated responses are important for viral clearance but may also drive hyperinflammation in severe COVID-19. We present a case of an individual with a genetic inability to produce antibodies and severe COVID-19, receiving no other specific anti-viral treatment than convalescent COVID-19 plasma, illustrating that hyperinflammation can occur in the absence of a humoral anti-viral response. In addition, the case illustrates that the assessment of SARS-CoV-2 T cell responses can facilitate clinical decision making in patients with COVID-19 and weak or absent humoral immune responses.

Case presentation
A male with X-linked agammaglobulinemia on regular immunoglobulin replacement therapy, hospitalized for 35 days due to severe COVID-19. Systemic inflammatory parameters were highly elevated. After treatment with convalescent COVID-19 plasma he became afebrile and the fatigue diminished. He was discharged on day 42 and nasopharyngeal SARS-CoV-2 PCR eventually was negative on day 49. Evidence of SARS-CoV-2 specific T cells prior to administration of plasma therapy suggested that antibodies were crucial for viral clearance. Regular assessment showed robust and persistent SARS-CoV-2 specific T-cell responses after recovery suggested that prophylactic administration of convalescent COVID-19 plasma was unnecessary.

Conclusion
Assessment of SARS-CoV-2T-cell responses can facilitate the clinical management of COVID-19 patients with humoral immunodeficiencies.
A hypothyroid mother after subtotal thyroidectomy delivered a newborn with hyperthyroidism from fetal stage: a case report
Authors: Peng Cheng , Sun Weijie , Fan Lixin , Li Li , Zhang Xiaojiao , Gao Ying , Hou Xinlin 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Neonatal hyperthyroidism is an extension of fetal disease. Most cases of neonatal hyperthyroidism are transient but may excessively harm multiple organ functions through the actions of maternal thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor antibodies on the neonatal thyroid gland.

Case presentation
The hyperthyroid mother underwent subtotal thyroidectomy before pregnancy and regularly took levothyroxine to avoid hypothyroidism, but still had a high-level thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor antibody (TRAb). The neonate suffered from hyperthyroidism due to the transplacental TRAb. After a regular medication schedule of an antithyroid drug, combined with a β-blocker to control the ventricular rate, the infant gradually recovered, allowing normal motor and intellectual development.

Conclusions
Maternal subtotal thyroidectomy cannot prevent the secretion of thyroid receptor antibodies, which may cause either hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism. The balance between antithyroid drugs and levothyroxine is critical in clinical practice.
Risk factors for recurrence in elderly patients with stage II colorectal cancer: a multicenter retrospective study
Authors: Yagyu Takuki , Yamamoto Manabu , Tanio Akimitsu , Hara Kazushi , Sugezawa Ken , Uejima Chihiro , Kihara Kyoichi , Tatebe Shigeru , Kurisu Yasuro , Shibata Shunsuke , Yamamoto Toshio , Nishie Hiroshi , Shiota Setsujo , Saito Hiroaki , Naka Takuji , Sugamura Kenji , Katano Kuniyuki , Fujiwara Yoshiyuki 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Adjuvant chemotherapy for stage II colorectal cancer (CRC) is considered appropriate for patients with risk factors for recurrence, rather than for all patients uniformly. However, the risk factors for recurrence remain controversial, and there is limited information, especially for elderly patients. The Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) is widely used as a simple nutritional screening tool in the elderly and is associated with cancer prognosis and recurrence. This study aimed to investigate the risk factors for recurrence in the elderly with stage II CRC, focusing on the GNRI.

Methods
We enrolled 348 elderly patients (≥ 75 years) with stage II CRC who underwent curative resection at the Department of Surgery, Tottori University and our 10 affiliated institutions. The patients were divided into GNRIhigh (≥ 93.465) and GNRIlow (< 93.465) groups.

Results
The GNRIlow group showed a significantly worse overall survival (OS), cancer-specific survival (CSS), and relapse-free survival (RFS) (P < 0.001, P < 0.001, and P < 0.001, respectively). In a multivariate analysis, GNRIlow (hazard ratio [HR]: 2.244, P < 0.001), pathologic T4 stage (HR: 1.658, P = 0.014), and moderate to severe lymphatic or venous invasion (HR: 1.460, P = 0.033) were independent factors affecting RFS. By using these three factors to score the risk of recurrence from 0 to 3 points, the prognosis was significantly stratified in terms of OS, CSS, and RFS (P < 0.001, P < 0.001, and P < 0.001, respectively). The recurrence rate for each score was as follows: 0 points, 9.8%; 1 point, 22.0%; 2 points, 37.3%; and 3 points, 61.9%.

Conclusions
GNRIlow, pathologic T4 stage, and moderate to severe lymphatic or venous invasion are high-risk factors for recurrence in the elderly with stage II CRC. The scoring system using these three factors appropriately predicted their recurrence and outcome.
Suspected clinical chorioamnionitis with peak intrapartum temperature <380C: the prevalence of confirmed chorioamnionitis and short term neonatal outcome
Authors: Vellamgot Anvar Paraparambil , Salameh Khalil , Habboub Lina Hussain M. , Pattuvalappil Rajesh , Elkabir Naser Abulgasim , Siam Yousra Shehada , Khatib Hakam 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Chorioamnionitis (CA) affects up to 3.9% of all deliveries worldwide and is one of the leading causes of early-onset neonatal sepsis. Fever≥380C is an essential criterion for the diagnosis of clinical CA. Obstetricians frequently take the maternal risk factors into consideration, and many mothers are treated as CA even with peak intrapartum temperature (PIT) between 37.60C to 37.90C if they have other clinical signs and risk factors.

Aim
To estimate the prevalence of confirmed chorioamnionitis and adverse neonatal outcomes among those mothers with PIT below 380C.

Materials and methods
Retrospective chart review among mothers delivered at Al-Wakra Hospital, Qatar, between1stJanuary2016 to 31stDecember 2019 with a clinical suspicion of CA.

Results
Among 21,471 mothers, 442 were suspected of having CA (2.06%, 95% CI 1.88 to 2.26%). After exclusions, 415 were included in the study, 203(48.9%) mothers had PIT between 37.6-37.90C. There was no significant difference in the rate of confirmed CA between the low (<380C) and higher (≥380C) temperature groups (25.4%Vs.31.3%, OR0.75, 95%CI0.46-1.25 , p.262). More patients in the low-temperature group received paracetamol for PIT between 37.6 to 37.9 0C, while it was less frequently used for such milder elevation in higher temperature group (88.2%Vs.38.9%, OR11.69, 95% CI 6.46-2.15, p <.001).

Conclusion
The incidence of suspected clinical CA in our institution was within the international rates. Although nearly half of the mothers with suspected clinical CA had peak temperature below the recommended diagnostic criteria, the rate of confirmed CA and neonatal outcome was not significantly different from those with PIT≥380C. Early antipyretic use might have affected further elevation of temperature.
Survival of eight LLIN brands 6, 12, 24 and 36 months after a mass distribution campaign in rural and urban settings in Senegal
Authors: Diouf Mbaye , Faye Babacar Thiendella , Diouf El Hadji , Dia Abdoulaye Kane , Konate Abdoulaye , Fall Fatou Ba , Sene Doudou , Diouf Mame Birame , Gadiaga Libasse , Konate Lassana , Dione Demba Anta , Tine Roger Clément , Faye Ousmane 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Long lasting insecticidal nets (LLIN) are one of the core components of global malaria prevention and control. The lifespan of LLIN varies widely depending on the population or environment, and randomized studies are required to compare LLIN inaccording to arbitrary thresholds
households under different field conditions. This study investigated survival of different LLIN brands in Senegal.

Methods
Ten thousand six hundred eight LLINs were distributed in five regions, each stratified by rural and urban setting. As part of the longitudinal follow-up, 2222 nets were randomly sampled and monitored from 6 to 36 months. Using random effects for households, Bayesian models were used to estimate independent survival by net type (Interceptor®, Life Net®, MAGNet™, Netprotect®, Olyset® Net, PermaNet® 2.0 R, PermaNet® 2.0 C, Yorkool® LN) and by area (rural/urban). In addition to survival, median survival time and attrition of each LLIN brand was determined. Attrition was defined as nets that were missing because they were reported given away, destroyed and thrown away, or repurposed.

Results
Three net types had a proportion of survival above 80% after 24 months: Interceptor®87.8% (95% CI 80–93.4); conical PermaNet® 2.0 86.9% (95% CI 79.3–92.4) and Life Net® 85.6% (95% CI 75–93). At 36 months, conical PermaNet® 2.0 maintained a good survival rate, 79.5% (95% CI 65.9–88.8). The attrition due to redistributed nets showed that the two conical net types (PermaNet® 2.0 and Interceptor®) were more often retained by households and their median retention time was well above 3 years (median survival time = 3.5 years for PermaNet® 2.0 and median survival time = 4 years for Interceptor®). Despite this good retention, Interceptor® had weak physical integrity and its median survival due to wear and tear was below 3 years (median survival time = 2.4 years). The odds ratio of survival was 2.5 times higher in rural settings than in urban settings (OR 2.5; 95% CI 1.7–3.7).

Conclusions
Differences in survival among LLIN may be driven by brand, shape or environmental setting. In this study in Senegal, conical PermaNet® 2.0 were retained in households while rectangular PermaNet® 2.0 had lower retention, suggesting that net shape may play a role in retention and should be further investigated. Distribution of preferred LLIN shape, accompanied by good communication on care and repair, could lead to increased effective lifespan, and allow for longer intervals between universal coverage campaigns.
Independent and joint effects of body mass index and metabolic health in mid- and late-life on all-cause mortality: a cohort study from the Swedish Twin Registry with a mean follow-up of 13 Years
Authors: Ler Peggy , Li Xia , Hassing Linda B. , Reynolds Chandra A. , Finkel Deborah , Karlsson Ida K. , Dahl Aslan Anna K. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
There is robust evidence that in midlife, higher body mass index (BMI) and metabolic syndrome (MetS), which often co-exist, are associated with increased mortality risk. However, late-life findings are inconclusive, and few studies have examined how metabolic health status (MHS) affects the BMI–mortality association in different age categories. We, therefore, aimed to investigate how mid- and late-life BMI and MHS interact to affect the risk of mortality.

Methods
This cohort study included 12,467 participants from the Swedish Twin Registry, with height, weight, and MHS measures from 1958—2008 and mortality data linked through 2020. We applied Cox proportional hazard regression with age as a timescale to examine how BMI categories (normal weight, overweight, obesity) and MHS (identification of MetS determined by presence/absence of hypertension, hyperglycemia, low HDL, hypertriglyceridemia), independently and in interaction, are associated with the risk of all-cause mortality. Models were adjusted for sex, education, smoking, and cardiovascular disease.

Results
The midlife group included 6,252 participants with a mean age of 59.6 years (range = 44.9—65.0) and 44.1% women. The late-life group included 6,215 participants with mean age 73.1 years (65.1—95.3) and 46.6% women. In independent effect models, metabolically unhealthy status in midlife increased mortality risks by 31% [hazard ratio 1.31; 95% confidence interval 1.12–1.53] and in late-life, by 18% (1.18;1.10–1.26) relative to metabolically healthy individuals. Midlife obesity increased the mortality risks by 30% (1.30;1.06–1.60) and late-life obesity by 15% (1.15; 1.04–1.27) relative to normal weight. In joint models, the BMI estimates were attenuated while those of MHS were less affected. Models including BMI-MHS categories revealed that, compared to metabolically healthy normal weight, the metabolically unhealthy obesity group had increased mortality risks by 53% (1.53;1.19—1.96) in midlife, and across all BMI categories in late-life (normal weight 1.12; 1.01–1.25, overweight 1.10;1.01–1.21, obesity 1.31;1.15–1.49). Mortality risk was decreased by 9% (0.91; 0.83–0.99) among those with metabolically healthy overweight in late-life.

Conclusions
MHS strongly influenced the BMI-mortality association, such that individuals who were metabolically healthy with overweight or obesity in mid- or late-life did not carry excess risks of mortality. Being metabolically unhealthy had a higher risk of mortality independent of their BMI.
The impact of novel anchored barbed suture for capsular closure on hospital length of stay after total knee arthroplasty: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Zhao Liming , Su Wen , Huang Zheyu , Zeng Zhimin , Di Zhenglin , Tao Kun 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Objective
The aim was to evaluate whether using novel anchored barded suture for capsular closure can further shorten the length of stay following primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA) within existed enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocol in osteoarthritis patients.

Methods
A retrospective cohort study was conducted among osteoarthritis patients aged 18 to 80 years without major comorbidities who underwent primary unilateral TKA between January 2018 and December 2019 was conducted. The capsular closure techniques, interventions for ERAS, operation time and length of stay were collected via hospital electronic information system. Propensity-score matching was used to compensate for the difference in interventions for ERAS and patient characteristics. Subgroup comparison of patients treated under normal ERAS protocol was performed.

Results
Included were 315 patients with capsular closure by barded suture and 397 patients with interrupted capsular closure by traditional suture. Patients’ characteristics and interventions for ERAS were balanced after propensity-score matching. The average postoperative length of stay in barded suture group was shorter than the compared group (2.10 ± 0.57 vs. 2.33 ± 0.80 days, p = 0.004), and with a significantly higher proportion of patients discharging within 2 days post procedure (88.0% vs. 70.7%, p < 0.001). The operation time for patients with barded suture closure was shorter compared to interrupted closure technique (100.90 ± 16.59 vs. 105.52 ± 18.47 min, p = 0.004). Subgroup analysis of patients treated under different levels ERAS protocol showed comparable results.

Conclusion
The use of barded suture for capsular closure was associated with shorter length of stay after TKA compared to traditional suture, suggesting that barded suturing technique could be one effective intervention for ERAS.
Essential role of reliable reduction quality in internal fixation of femoral neck fractures in the non-elderly patients—a propensity score matching analysis
Authors: Qiu Longhai , Huang Yuliang , Li Guowen , Wu Hongbo , Zhang Yu , Zhang Zhiwen 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
The rate of failure of internal fixation for femoral neck fractures has remained largely unchanged over the past 30 years. The current study attempted to identify the controllable variables influencing the failure of internal fixation of femoral neck fractures.

Methods
The study included 190 patients aged from 20 to 65 with femoral neck fracture caused by low energy violent injuries (fall from standing height), who were treated with multiple cannulated screws over the period 2005–2019 at a single centre. Kaplan–Meier (KM) survival analysis was firstly utilized to evaluate the potential interaction between each variable and cumulative rates of reoperation. If P < 0.1 in KM survival analysis, the variables would be included in subsequent Cox survival analysis to explore the influencing need for reoperation of a femoral neck fracture. Next, all of the 190 patients were divided into perfect reduction group (Garden Alignment Index I) and imperfect reduction group (Garden Alignment Index II, III, IV). Propensity score matching (PSM) analysis resulted in 39 pairs. After the baseline variables were balanced between the two groups, cox survival analysis was utilized again to explore the variables influencing the need of reoperation of a femoral neck fracture. Finally, KM survival analysis was utilized to compare the cumulative rate of reoperation between perfect reduction (Group PR) and imperfect reduction (Group IR) as a subgroup analysis.

Results
Before PSM analysis, the mean age was 49.96 ± 12.02 years and the total reoperation rate was 17.40%. Cox survival analysis showed that only reduction quality was interrelated with the need for reoperation before PSM analysis and after PSM analysis. Kaplan–Meier cumulative reoperation rate was higher in Group IR than in Group PR after PSM analysis.

Conclusion
To prolong the service life of the original femoral head, it is essential to achieve a completely anatomical reduction and maintain the reduction quality until the patient fully recovers.