bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adherence to Life’s Simple 7 and Cognitive Function Among Older Adults: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011 to 2014
Authors: Wei Jingkai , Wang Liang , Kulshreshtha Ambar , Xu Hanzhang 
Published: March 2022

Background
The American Heart Association proposed the Life’s Simple 7 (LS7; including diet, physical activity, smoking, body mass index, blood pressure, plasma fasting glucose, total cholesterol) to promote cardiovascular health. Adherence to LS7 has been found to be associated with better cognitive health as well, but the generalizability of previous studies is limited. We aimed to examine the associations of adherence to LS7 and cognitive function among older adults in a nationally representative sample of population.

Methods and Results

A total of 2585 older adults (≥60 years, 54% female, 80% non‐Hispanic White) in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011 to 2014 were included for analysis. Components of LS7 were measured, and adherence to LS7 was calculated on the basis of established cutoff points of individual components. Cognitive function was examined using the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer’s Disease Word List Memory Task (immediate and delayed memory), Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST), and Animal Fluency Test. Test‐specific and global cognition
Z
scores were created. Multivariable linear regression models were conducted on the associations of adherence to LS7 with domain‐specific and global cognition
Z
scores. Each incremental point in adherence to LS7 was associated with higher
Z
scores for global cognition (β=0.05; 95% CI, 0.02–0.07), Digit Symbol Substitution Test (β=0.05; 95% CI, 0.03–0.07), Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer’s Disease Word Learning subtest immediate memory (β=0.03; 95% CI, 0.004–0.05), and animal fluency test (β=0.05; 95% CI, 0.02–0.07).

Conclusions
Greater adherence to LS7 metrics is associated with better cognitive function among older US adults in a nationally representative sample of population.
The Many Tasks of the Marxist Translator
Authors: Arnall Gavin 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This article examines numerous conceptions of translation within the Marxist tradition. It begins with Antonio Gramsci’s theorisation of the concept before turning to the problem of Marxism in Latin America and how the Zapatistas have dealt with this problem. The aim is to shed light on a critical school of Marxist thinking, which requires that Marxism’s universalist claims be translated in response to changing historical conditions so that they may become concrete formulations capable of speaking to and intervening in concrete situations. Yet the Zapatistas go further by maintaining that translation must also occur between the universalist claims of Marxist theory and the competing universalist claims of indigenous Maya cosmology. The article thus underscores what can be gleaned from different modes of translation in terms of Marxism’s future and its capacity to enter into mutually beneficial alliances with distinct worldviews and ongoing social movements.
From Religion to Spirituality: Lessons for Values Education
Authors: Maharajh Lokesh Ramnath 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This paper discusses the concepts of religion and spirituality in the context of a study on the perceptions and possibilities of the Bhagavad Gita for values education in Durban, South Africa. The ideas are explained through a model of spirituality that has been adopted from the 3H (head, heart, hands) and BMSEST (body, mind, spirit, environment, social, transcendent) models of spirituality in multicultural whole-person medicine (Anandarajah 2008). I argue for a broad and open understanding of spirituality, which I feel has the potential to extend the youth beyond religion. However, I also maintain that young people are easily influenced by material surroundings and are seen as a ‘generation of suspects’ (Giroux 2006, 149). The model that I present indicates that religious scriptures (in the case of this paper, the Bhagavad Gita) have a perennially valid set of values, which has the potential to contribute to a programme of values education among the youth. However, the youth are not abstracting and extracting these values. For the youth these values remain elusive and even ethereal.
‘Let No Black Cat Cross Our Path’: An Introduction to Ga Rituals of Affliction
Authors: Adu Gyau Kumi 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Although much has been said about Ga rituals by earlier scholars such as Ammah, Kilson, and Field, no direct and comprehensive literature exists that deals specifically with Ga rituals of affliction. Rituals of affliction are measures by which cultures attempt to deal with the problem of ‘affliction’. All cultures have a different way in which affliction is explained and dealt with. This article explores Ga rituals of affliction based on an analysis of one text line in Ga libation prayers, ‘Let no black cat cross our path’ (alͻnte diŋ ko akafo wͻteŋ).
Cyprian im Bund mit dem Teufel
Authors: Vaucher Daniel 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The legend of Cyprian of Antioch and Justina has had a great aftermath in literature from the Middle Ages to Goethe’s Faust. Like Simon Magus, Cyprian is often considered the archetype of the ancient magician and the first case of a pact with the devil. A close examination of the two source writings conversio and confessio, however, reveals considerable differences in the notions of magic and demonology. The conversio depends, in its shaping of the legend, more on pagan sources such as Lucian’s Philopseudes, while the later confessio emphasizes the role of the devil. Therefore, we cannot yet speak of a devil’s pact with regard to the earlier conversio.
De Jure and De Facto: An Overview on the Italian Measures on Compulsory Vaccination
Authors: Palmieri Sofia , Goffin Tom 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic has forced States to take restrictive measures to contain the growing number of infections. Among these measures, after the approval of vaccines by the EMA, the possibility of introducing a compulsory vaccination has become a plausible and attractive prospect. In Italy, Covid-19 compulsory vaccination is implemented by a succession of Decrees concerning specific categories of workers and, only recently, a section of the population with the recent Decree of 7 January, 2022, no. 1. However, if we look back at the most critical restrictions implemented in the country, we realise that a de facto obligation was already in place before establishing a de jure obligation. The following article traces the most important profiles of the vaccination obligation implemented de jure and de facto by the Italian government.
Ideological Context and the Study of Political Theory
Authors: Zhao Xinzhi 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This paper recounts my encounter with the ideological context of Hobbes’s system as a graduate student in political theory through the teaching and scholarship of Professor Johann Sommerville. This encounter made me recognize that political theorists should study not only systems of political philosophy but also their ideological contexts, whose primary components are not “languages” but ideas and arguments deployed in debates concerning issues of political legitimacy of a particular time. Specifically, I realized that incorporating ideological contexts into the study of political theory could render the quest for legitimate political orders in different ages and cultures accessible to modern readers of diverse backgrounds, enable a more accurate grasp of the originality of a philosophical system, and uncover new resources for political theorizing.
Le fœtus comme un arbreUne analogie du discours médical antique
Authors: Bretin-Chabrol Marine 
Published: March 2022

Résumé
Domaine de réflexion toujours sensible aujourd’hui, l’embryologie donne déjà lieu dans l’Antiquité à de nombreux débats, sous-tendus par deux enjeux principaux. Le premier vise à déterminer comment l’embryon se forme et se développe. Le second est celui de l’acquisition de la vie : le fœtus n’est-il qu’une partie du corps de la mère ou doit-on le considérer comme un être autonome ? À partir de quel moment est-il vivant ? Or, l’analogie entre le fœtus et la plante se trouve au cœur des discussions qui opposent les différentes écoles philosophiques et médicales sur ces questions, et il s’agira de souligner les différentes fonctions et les ambiguïtés de l’image. Utilisée comme l’instrument d’une description, l’analogie entre le fœtus et la plante donne lieu à des conclusions qui divergent radicalement selon les auteurs quant à la question de l’autonomie et de la vie du fœtus. L’analogie savante entre le fœtus et la plante a également permis de mettre au point une trame narrative que l’on retrouve dans les Métamorphoses d’Ovide.
Horizontality and Housing Rights
Authors: Fick Sarah , Vols Michel 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In the recent decision of fjm v. the United Kingdom, the ECtHR made a decision on the required protection against private evictions that threatens to water-down the protection of housing rights offered by the echr. This article sets out to determine the effect of the fjm judgment on the protection provided by Article 8, especially in matters concerning private evictions. The analysis of the case includes a discussion on whether the decision of the ECtHR was correct, considering both its previous decisions, as well as the sa Constitutional Court’s findings in similar matters. It analyses the recent European and South African case law with the help of a number of concepts developed in legal theory. These concepts concern vertical and horizontal relations between actors involved in housing law cases, as well as direct and indirect effect of human and constitutional rights.
Government Access to Privately-Held Data: Business-to-Government Data Sharing
Authors: Vigorito Andrea 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Climate change, pandemics and urban planning are just a few of the societal challenges that an efficient exploit of data could allow the public sector to tackle. In this perspective, business-to-government (B2G) data sharing can benefit the social good and allow for better policy decisions. Nevertheless, the possibility for the public sector to access privately-held data remains mostly unexplored. This contribution aims to explore the possible evolution of B2G sharing models within the future systems of data governance by evaluating rationales to foster government access to privately-held data and by analysing some of the barriers that hinder this kind of exploitation. This essay then seeks to present models of B2G data circulation through which societal benefits and data sharing could be improved; specifically, it focuses on the options of voluntary and mandatory B2G data sharing and outlines concrete experiences of B2G data sharing between private entities and European local administrations.
The Presbyterian Church in Taiwan and Its Changing Narrative on Human Rights
Authors: Rychetská Magdaléna 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The Presbyterian Church in Taiwan (pct) is the Protestant denomination with the longest tradition in the country. The central theological position of the church began to change in the late 1960s, and over the following decade the church became increasingly politically active and vocal in its support for human rights, minority rights, and democratization. This paper addresses the issue of human rights as narrated within the pct, which explained its involvement in human rights with reference to its Christian beliefs. One outcome of the church’s endeavors was that the people of Taiwan accepted the struggle initiated by the church and began to ask for free elections. Using the pct as an example, the paper shows that religious bodies have the potential to be a positive force for change in society and that a Christian perspective on human rights can contribute to secular discourse on the topic.
Luminescent Lotuses: Mimesis in Miḥrābs and Micro-architecture at Maklī
Authors: Quraishi Fatima 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This article focuses on the lotus motif employed as an architectural decoration in the monuments of the Maklī necropolis from the late fourteenth to the mid-seventeenth centuries. Through a close analysis of the form and its particular use in micro-architecture, a use connected with allusions to light and divine radiance, I explore the formation of a distinctly local aesthetic idiom in Sindh. This article demonstrates that builders and artisans at Maklī engaged in a practice of architectural citation that involved the serial replication of specific forms and their meanings. In so doing, it argues that history was and is seen as cumulative at the Maklī necropolis.
Hegel on Nation, Ethical Life, and the Modern State
Authors: Wolsing Peter 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This paper examines Hegel’s idea of nation and its significance for his theory of the modern state, namely, the role that ‘the national’ plays for his justification of right in the Philosophy of Right. It is argued that Hegel strikes a balance between historicism and a rational justification of state and law. He bases the state on a notion of Sittlichkeit (ethical life) that is both national and subjected to a world historical development toward rationality and universal right. Consequently, ‘nation,’ in the sense of a group of people invoking identity and rights based on a primordial common language, culture, and territory, does not cover what Hegel means by the modern nation state. ‘Ethical life’ is national, but it also constitutes a historically changeable community of values supported by citizens’ conscious participation in communal life (patriotism). Today, Hegel’s idea undermines the legitimacy of nationalistic invocations of primordial ethnic cultures within politics.
Eddy Vertical Structure and Variability: Deepglider Observations in the North Atlantic
Authors: Steinberg Jacob M. , Eriksen Charles C. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Hundreds of full-depth temperature and salinity profiles collected by Deepglider autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) in the North Atlantic reveal robust signals in eddy isopycnal vertical displacement and horizontal current throughout the entire water column. In separate glider missions southeast of Bermuda, subsurface-intensified cold, fresh coherent vortices were observed with velocities exceeding 20 cm s−1 at depths greater than 1000 m. With vertical resolution on the order of 20 m or less, these full-depth glider slant profiles newly permit estimation of scaled vertical wavenumber spectra from the barotropic through the 40th baroclinic mode. Geostrophic turbulence theory predictions of spectral slopes associated with the forward enstrophy cascade and proportional to inverse wavenumber cubed generally agree with glider-derived quasi-universal spectra of potential and kinetic energy found at a variety of locations distinguished by a wide range of mean surface eddy kinetic energy. Water-column average spectral estimates merge at high vertical mode number to established descriptions of internal wave spectra. Among glider mission sites, geographic and seasonal variability implicate bottom drag as a mechanism for dissipation, but also the need for more persistent sampling of the deep ocean.

Significance Statement
Relative to upper-ocean measurements of temperature, salinity, and velocity, deep ocean measurements (below 2000 m) are fewer in number and more difficult to collect. Deep measurements are needed, however, to explore the nature of deep ocean circulation contributing to the global redistribution of heat and to determine how upper-ocean behavior impacts or drives deep motions. Understanding of geographic and temporal variability in vertical structures of currents and eddies enables improved description of energy pathways in the ocean driven by turbulent interactions. In this study, we use newly developed autonomous underwater vehicles, capable of diving to the seafloor and back on a near daily basis, to collect high-resolution full ocean depth measurements at various locations in the North Atlantic. These measurements reveal connections between surface and deep motions, and importantly show their time evolution. Results of analyzing these vertical structures reveal the deep ocean to regularly “feel” events in the upper ocean and permit new comparisons to deep motions in climate models.
Bone Fragment Resorption and Clinical Outcomes of Traumatic Bony Bankart Lesion Treated With Arthroscopic Repair Versus Open Latarjet
Authors: Giacomo Giovanni Di , Pugliese Mattia , Peebles Annalise M. , Provencher Matthew T. 
Published: March 2022

Background: Bony Bankart lesions can perpetuate chronic anterior glenohumeral instability. When surgical treatment is pursued, several factors need to be considered to obtain optimal outcomes. Purpose: To (1) quantitatively describe patterns of bone fragment resorption and associated risk factors for developing glenoid bone loss (GBL) and (2) to compare clinical and radiological results of attritional bone loss treated with either the arthroscopic Bankart or the open Latarjet procedure. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: A retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data was conducted for patients who underwent arthroscopic stabilization (group A1, 10%-20% GBL; group A2, >20% GBL) or open Latarjet (group B, >10% GBL) for recurrent shoulder instability with bony Bankart lesion. Patient characteristics, number of dislocations, and Western Ontario Shoulder Instability Index (WOSI) scores were obtained. Pre- and postoperative computed tomography imaging was used to quantitatively describe patterns of bone fragment resorption. Results: A total of 120 consecutive patients (group A1, 40; group A2, 23; group B, 57) were included in the study, with a mean age of 25.6 years (range, 19-35 years). The average follow-up was 5.0 years for all groups (range, 4.83-5.16 years in group A1, 4.58-5.41 years in group A2, and 4.33-5.67 years in group B). The mean times between dislocation event and surgery were 12.8 months (range, 6-32 months) and 13.6 months (range, 6-38 months) for groups A and B, respectively. Redislocation rates were 7.5% in group A1 versus 13.0% in group A2, and only occurred in patients with ≥13.5% GBL. There were no redislocations for group B (0%). Patients had better WOSI scores in group B (234.1 ± 126.9) than in group A (576.1 ± 224.6) ( P < .0001). In group A, smaller preoperative bone fragment size displayed a higher percentage of resorption after surgery ( r = −0.64; P < .05). Conclusion: A significant inverse relationship exists between preoperative bone fragment size and percentage of postoperative resorption. Patients treated with arthroscopic bony Bankart repair who had final GBL ≥13.5% had worse outcomes. When planned GBL approaches 13.5% in high-demand patients, a smaller fragment size can result in worse clinical outcomes because of resorption. In these cases, choosing the open Latarjet procedure leads to better clinical results.
10-Year Trends in Healthcare Spending among Patients with Schizophrenia in Alberta, Canada
Authors: Stewart Andrew J. , Patten Scott B. , Fiest Kirsten M. , Williamson Tyler S. , Wick James P. , Ronksley Paul E. 
Published: March 2022

ObjectivesSchizophrenia is characterized by high levels of disability often resulting in increased healthcare utilization and spending. With expanding healthcare costs across all healthcare sectors, there is a need to understand how healthcare spending has changed over time. We conducted a population-based study using administrative health data from Alberta, Canada, to describe changes in medical complexity and direct healthcare spending among patients with schizophrenia over a 10-year period.MethodsA serial cross-sectional study from January 1, 2008, to December 31, 2017, was conducted to determine changes in demographic characteristics, medical complexity, and costs among all adults (18 years or older) with schizophrenia. Total healthcare spending and sector-specific costs attributable to hospitalizations, emergency department visits, practitioner billings, and prescriptions were calculated and compared over time.ResultsOver the 10-year period the contact prevalence of patients with schizophrenia increased from 0.6% ( n  =  16,183) to 1.0% ( n  =  33,176) within the province. There was a marked change in medical complexity with the number of patients living with 3 or more comorbidities increasing from 33.0% to 47.3%. Direct annual healthcare costs increased 2-fold from 321 to 639 million CAD (493 million USD) with a 7-fold increase in medication expenditures over the 10-year time frame. As of 2017, spending on pharmaceutical treatment surpassed hospitalizations as the leading spending category in this population.ConclusionsHealthcare spending among patients with schizophrenia continues to increase and may be partially attributable to growing rates of multimorbidity within this population. Although promising second-generation antipsychotic medications have entered the market, this has resulted in considerable changes in the distribution of healthcare spending over time. These findings will inform policy discussions around resource allocation and efforts to curb health spending while also improving care for patients with schizophrenia.
Fast radiological safety evaluation applied to maintenance in cargo and container inspection facilities
Authors: Pelegrineli Samuel Q , Silva Ademir X , Filho Wilson SS , Oliveira Luciano SR , Amorim Aneuri S , Cardoso Domingos d’Oliveira , Stenders Ricardo M , Pereira Wagner S , Junior Juraci PR , Andrade Edson R 
Published: March 2022

The application of nuclear technologies in a cargo and container inspection facility can increase the risk of accidents. Estimating the radiation dose in the controlled area generates critical information for elaborating routines aimed at establishing more effective safety procedures. For radiological protection purposes, mapping ambient dose equivalent H*(10) levels is crucial. The radiation source used was a fixed linear accelerator of 4.5 MeV. Five RadEye PRD-ER (Thermo Fisher Scientific) personal radiation monitors and five Geiger-Müller MRAD 111 (Ultra Radac) personal radiation monitors were used for the radiation measurements. The highest ambient equivalent dose rate and dose per scan were found with the Geiger-Müller monitors at values of 5.76E-01 mSv/h and 1.12E-03 mSv, respectively. The results showed that for public individuals, the number of scans at the point of highest dose rate value cannot exceed 893-unit operations. Additionally, the risks involved in the abnormal situation (increased H*(10)) were estimated by using a model to predict the development of solid cancer as a result of occupational radiological exposure. This procedure highlights the risks involved, hence providing initial support to the decision process.