bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The structure, processes, and outcomes of stroke rehabilitation in Ghana: A study protocol
Authors: Yarfi Cosmos , Nyante Gifty Gyamah , Rhoda Anthea 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundConventional and complementary treatments are often used in rehabilitation for persons with stroke. The conventional treatment makes use of medications, physiotherapy, occupational, speech, and diet therapies, while the complementary treatment makes use of homeopathy, naturopathy, massage, and acupuncture. The structure, process, and outcomes of stroke rehabilitation using conventional or complementary treatments have not been empirically investigated in Ghana.AimsThis study aims to investigate the structure, process, and outcomes of stroke rehabilitation at the Korle Bu Teaching Hospital (KBTH) in Accra and Kwayisi Christian Herbal Clinic (KCHC) in Nankese-Ayisaa, Ghana, and to explore the experiences of persons with stroke.MethodsThis study involves a mixed methods approach. This study will utilize three study designs, namely, cross-sectional, hospital-based cohort, and qualitative exploratory study designs. The objectives of the study will be achieved using three phases, namely, phase one will recruit health professionals and gather information on the structure and process of stroke rehabilitation at a conventional and complementary hospital using adapted questionnaires; phase two will determine the outcomes of stroke patients attending a conventional and complementary hospital facility at baseline, 2-, 3-, and 6-month follow-up using outcome measures based on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) model; and phase three will explore the experiences of stroke patients who use complementary or conventional treatment using an interview guide.Data analysisIBM SPSS Statistics Version 27 will be used to analyze the data using descriptive and inferential statistics. Repeated measures of ANOVA will be used to determine the differences between variables at baseline, 2-, 3-, and 6-month post-stroke. The qualitative data will be transcribed and entered into Atlas Ti version 9.0. The data will be coded and analyzed using thematic areas that will be generated from the codes.ConclusionThe study protocol will provide a comprehensive overview of the structure, process, and outcomes of stroke rehabilitation in Ghana, incorporating both conventional and complementary treatment and rehabilitation into the stroke recovery journey. It will also inform clinical practice, with new insights on the experiences of stroke patients based on their choice of rehabilitation pathway.
High serum amyloid A predicts risk of cognitive impairment after lacunar infarction: Development and validation of a nomogram
Authors: Ye Sheng , Pan Huiqing , Li Weijia , Wang Bing , Xing Jingjing , Xu Li 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundPost-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) after lacunar infarction was worth attention in recent years. An easy-to-use score model to predict the risk of PSCI was rare. This study aimed to explore the association between serum amyloid A (SAA) and cognitive impairment, and it also developed a nomogram for predicting the risk of PSCI in lacunar infarction patients.MethodsA total of 313 patients with lacunar infarction were enrolled in this retrospective study between January 2021 and December 2021. They were divided into a training set and a validation set at 70%:30% randomly. The Chinese version of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) was performed to identify cognitive impairment 3 months after discharge. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to determine the independent risk factors for PSCI in the training set. A nomogram was developed based on the five variables, and the calibration curve and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were drawn to assess the predictive ability of the nomogram between the training set and the validation set. The decision curve analysis (DCA) was also conducted in both sets.ResultsIn total, 52/313 (16.61%) participants were identified with PSCI. The SAA levels in patients with PSCI were significantly higher than non-PSCI patients in the training set (P &lt; 0.001). After multivariate analysis, age, diabetes mellitus, white blood count, cystatin C, and SAA were independent risk predictors of PSCI. The nomogram demonstrated a good discrimination performance between the training set (AUC = 0.860) and the validation set (AUC = 0.811). The DCA showed that the nomogram had a well clinical utility in the two sets.ConclusionThe increased SAA is associated with PSCI in lacunar infarction patients, and the nomogram developed with SAA can increase prognostic information for the early detection of PSCI.
Machine learning analysis reveals abnormal functional network hubs in the primary angle-closure glaucoma patients
Authors: Chen Ri-Bo , Zhong Yu-Lin , Liu Hui , Huang Xin 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundPrimary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) is a serious and irreversible blinding eye disease. Growing studies demonstrated that PACG patients were accompanied by vision and vision-related brain region changes. However, whether the whole-brain functional network hub changes occur in PACG patients remains unknown.PurposeThe purpose of the study was to investigate the brain function network hub changes in PACG patients using the voxel-wise degree centrality (DC) method.Materials and methodsThirty-one PACG patients (21 male and 10 female) and 31 healthy controls (HCs) (21 male and 10 female) closely matched in age, sex, and education were enrolled in the study. The DC method was applied to investigate the brain function network hub changes in PACG patients. Moreover, the support vector machine (SVM) method was applied to distinguish PACG patients from HC patients.ResultsCompared with HC, PACG patients had significantly higher DC values in the right fusiform, left middle temporal gyrus, and left cerebelum_4_5. Meanwhile, PACG patients had significantly lower DC values in the right calcarine, right postcentral gyrus, left precuneus gyrus, and left postcentral gyrus. Furthermore, the SVM classification reaches a total accuracy of 72.58%, and the ROC curve of the SVM classifier has an AUC value of 0.85 (r = 0.25).ConclusionOur results showed that PACG patients showed widespread brain functional network hub dysfunction relative to the visual network, auditory network, default mode network, and cerebellum network, which might shed new light on the neural mechanism of optic atrophy in PACG patients.
MiR-146b-5p/TRAF6 axis is essential for Ginkgo biloba L. extract GBE to attenuate LPS-induced neuroinflammation
Authors: Liu Min , Peng Yulin , Che Yilin , Zhou Meirong , Bai Ying , Tang Wei , Huang Shanshan , Zhang Baojing , Deng Sa , Wang Chao , Yu Zhenlong 
Published: August 2022

Background: Neuroinflammation plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis and progression of various neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease. The Ginkgo biloba leaf extract (GBE) has been widely used to treat cerebral and peripheral blood circulation disorders. However, its potential targets and underlying mechanisms regarding neuroinflammation have not yet been characterized.Aims: The purpose of this study was to investigate and validate the anti-neuroinflammatory properties of GBE against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-mediated inflammation and to determine the underlying molecular mechanisms.Methods: The effect of GBE on LPS-induced release of inflammatory cytokines was examined using ELISA and western blot assay. The effects of GBE on NF-κB binding activity and translocation were determined via luciferase, streptavidin-agarose pulldown, and immunofluorescence assays. The potential targets of GBE were screened from the GEO and microRNA databases and further identified via qPCR, luciferase, gene mutation, and western blot assays.Results: GBE significantly inhibited LPS-induced pro-inflammatory responses in BV-2 and U87 cells, with no obvious cytotoxicity. GBE significantly induced miR-146b-5p expression, which negatively regulated TRAF6 expression by targeting its 3′-UTR. Thus, due to TRAF6 suppression, GBE decreases the transcriptional activity of NF-κB and the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, and finally reverses LPS-induced neuroinflammation.Conclusion: Our study revealed the anti-neuroinflammatory mechanism of GBE through the miR-146b-5p/TRAF6 axis and provided a theoretical basis for its rational clinical application.
Design of optically pumped cesium beam tube with hexapole magnetic system for longer lifetime and better SNR
Authors: Chen Haijun , Yan Yufei , Chen Jingbiao , Feng Jinjun 
Published: August 2022

In order to get a better tradeoff between the long lifetime and high performances of cesium beam atomic clocks, we proposed a design scheme of compact optically pumped cesium beam tube (OPCBT) based on hexapole magnetic focusing (HMF) system for the confinement of cesium. A practical optically pumped cesium beam tube without HMF system has been implemented and tested with high-stability laser by modulation transfer spectroscopy (MTS), and a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of 18,000 in 1 Hz bandwidth and Allan deviation of 2×10−12/τ were obtained. Based on this test, the simulation analysis results of the newly designed tube with HMF show that the predicted lifetime can reach over 20 years without degradation of the performances, and the expected frequency stability of the clock can be 6.5×10−13/τ with a lifetime of 10 years.
Fat–fat-free index in body mass assessment in young people
Authors: Chwałczyńska Agnieszka , Kosendiak Aureliusz , Sobiech Krzysztof Andrzej , Andrzejewski Waldemar 
Published: August 2022

The study aimed to personalize the classification of body weight using the fat–fat-free (FFF) index with the percentage of body fat and to develop classification standards for the FFF index for men aged 18–25 years. Moreover, 1,642 adolescents (1,200 ♀) were examined. Using body composition analyzers, weight was determined, as well as overall and segmental body composition. Based on the obtained values for fat mass and fat-free tissue mass, an overall FFF index was calculated. According to the BMI classification, 9% of ♀ and 6% of ♂ are underweight, 29% of ♀ and 13% of ♂ are overweight, and 5% of the subjects are obese. Women and men classified in the same group according to BMI differed statistically significantly in terms of body weight, FM%, and FFM. In contrast to BMI and FM%, the FFF used takes into account the ratio of fat mass to fat-free tissue and muscle tissue mass. The proposed classification of FFF was made taking into account the differences that arise with sexual development and physiological changes occurring in ontogeny. Assessment of body mass using the FFF index should be used as part of preventive screening for the early diagnosis and prevention of overweight and thus many chronic diseases for which overweight or obesity is a risk factor.
Intrapersonal and interpersonal level factors influencing self-care practices among Hong Kong individuals with COVID-19—A qualitative study
Authors: Ma Haixia , Ma Yajing , Ge Song , Wang Shanshan , Zhao Ivy Yan , Christensen Martin 
Published: August 2022

BackgroundThe unprecedented crisis during the fifth wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Hong Kong placed a significant burden on the health care system. Therefore, the Hong Kong government advocated that individuals with no or mild COVID-19 symptoms should self-care at home. This study aimed to understand intrapersonal and interpersonal level factors that shaped self-care practices among home-quarantined individuals with COVID-19 during the peak of the pandemic.MethodsThis study used convenience and snowball sampling whereby a total of 30 semi-structured telephone interviews were conducted between March and April 2022. Inductive content analysis was used to analyze the data.ResultsFactors reported at the intrapersonal level included socioeconomic status and housing conditions, information and knowledge about COVID-19, long COVID, and psychological adjustments brought about by home quarantine. Factors identified at the interpersonal level included caregiving responsibilities, family relationships, and social support.ConclusionsFindings from this study identified a combination of intra and interpersonal level factors influenced an individual's self-care practices as a result of pandemic-induced quarantine. It was particularly concerning for those individuals in socially and economically deprived groups, where access to services was challenging. This study also raised awareness of the ineffectual and insufficient knowledge individuals held of self-medication and overall COVID-19 management. A key recommendation is developing family-based resilience programmes to support and empower vulnerable families to better cope with the realities of self-quarantine.
The impact of Thai multidisciplinary smoking cessation program on clinical outcomes: A multicentre prospective observational study
Authors: Chaisai Chayutthaphong , Thavorn Kednapa , Wattanasirichaigoon Somkiat , Rungruanghiranya Suthat , Thongphiew Araya , Dilokthornsakul Piyameth , Lee Shaun Wen Huey , Chaiyakunapruk Nathorn 
Published: August 2022

IntroductionTobacco use is the leading preventable cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Since 2010, Thailand has implemented a multidisciplinary smoking cessation clinic, which provides smoking cessation services, but the effectiveness of the clinics was not formally evaluated. This study was conducted to assess the real-world effectiveness of this multidisciplinary smoking cessation program.MethodsWe conducted a prospective, multicentre, observational study on Thai participants aged 13 years and older in 24 smoking cessation clinics across Thailand's 13 health regions. Each clinic offered smoking cessation interventions according to the well-established 5As model for smoking cessation (Ask, Advise, Assess, Assist, and Arrange). Outcomes of interest were continuous abstinence rates (CAR) at 3 and 6 months. Biochemical confirmation and self-reporting were used to assess the outcomes. Descriptive statistics (mean, SD, median, IQR, and percentage) were used to analyze the smoking cessation outcomes in both intention-to-treat and per-protocol analysis approaches.ResultsSmokers receiving services from the Thai multidisciplinary smoking cessation clinics had CAR of 17.49 and 8.33% at 3 and 6 months, respectively. For those with cardiovascular disease (CVD) or cerebrovascular disease, CAR was found to be 26.36% at 3 months and 13.81% at 6 months. While participants with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) had CAR ranging from 32.69% at 3 months to 17.31% at 6 months.ConclusionThe multidisciplinary team smoking cessation clinic was effective in assisting smokers in quitting smoking. The effectiveness of the clinic was more pronounced for smokers with CVD, cerebrovascular disease, or COPD. Findings from this study support a decision to include multidisciplinary smoking cessation clinics in the universal health care benefits package.
Home delivery of medications: Community pharmacists' perspectives on the pros and cons of the service
Authors: Abu-Farha Rana , Alzoubi Karem H. , Alkhawaldeh Rama , Itani Rania , Karout Samar , Mukattash Tareq , Alefishat Eman 
Published: August 2022

ObjectivesThe main goal of the current study was to investigate pharmacists' perception of home delivery of medications service in Jordan and their willingness to use the service.MethodThis cross-sectional observational study was conducted between March and April 2022. The study targeted community pharmacists working at different community pharmacies across Jordan. The study questionnaire was distributed through Facebook to target Jordanian community pharmacists' groups.ResultsThree hundred and twenty-four community pharmacists participated in the study, 75% (n = 244) of pharmacists reported being willing to use the home delivery and 274 (84.6%) thought it increases the efficiency of their community pharmacies' services. Only 129 (39.8%) pharmacists agreed or strongly agreed that unlike in-store service, home delivery of medications is suitable only for OTC but not for prescriptions medications Nearly half the number of participating pharmacists (n = 153, 47.2%) believe that the service is suitable for refill prescriptions but not for new prescriptions. Pharmacists believe that the foremost pros of the service were to continue life-saving medical treatment (n = 249, 76.9%), serve sick, elderly, and disabled patients (n = 241, 74.4%), and decrease congestion at health facilities (n = 228, 70.4%). On the other hand, the cons of this service, as perceived by pharmacists included failing to build a professional relationship with patients (n = 203, 62.7%), and the contribution to communication errors (n = 147, 45.4%). Logistic regression showed that pharmacists who serve 50 patients or more per day were more willing to use the service than those serving less than 50 patients per day (OR = 2.058, P = 0.032).ConclusionThe majority of participating pharmacists in this study were willing to use the service at their community pharmacies, especially those serving a large number of patients per day which may indicate the potential of this service in relieving the pressure on community pharmacies and allowing them to serve more patients efficiently.
Desarrollo empresarial de las MyPES del sector frutícola en la comunidad de Teapa,Tabasco (México)
Authors: Sánchez-Albores Aracely Celina 
Published: August 2022

El estudio describió la problemática del sector frutícola que actualmente afecta a las micro y pequeñas empresas (MyPES) de Teapa (Tabasco, México) y que ha impedido el desarrollo empresarial en la entidad. Es por ello que la investigación se identificó la producción frutícola y el aprovechamiento de la misma. La metodología empleada partió de un estudio exploratorio-descriptivo en el que participaron 105 productores agrícolas de siete localidades, de los cuales el 85% fueron masculinos y 15% femenino, con un nivel de confianza 95% y un margen de error de 8.51%. Se aplicó un cuestionario conformado por cuatro apartados con 100 ítems. En conclusión, la fruticultura del municipio citado mostró un comportamiento productivo de menor escala, debido a factores importantes entre los que se encuentran el acceso a los programas económicos gubernamentales dirigido al sector agrícola. De acuerdo con los resultados obtenidos, el 90% mencionó que no han podido acceder a los apoyos económicos y únicamente el 10% han sido apoyados. De igual modo, el manejo agronómico de frutales antes y durante la producción mostró que 17.89% fertilizó, 18.95% podaron, 23.16% utilizó técnicas tradicionales, 35.79% controló plagas y enfermedades, y 4.21% ninguno.
Estrategia basada en retos para la realización de campaña social acorde a convocatoria gubernamental mexicana
Authors: García Hernández Amalia , Hurtado Espinosa Cynthia Lizette , Gutiérrez Cruz Irma Lucía 
Published: August 2022

El gobierno mexicano lanzó en julio de 2021, una convocatoria para promover iniciativas solidarias que contribuyan a enfrentar la contingencia de Covid 19 como apoyo al confinamiento en casa. El objetivo de esta investigación fue encontrar los beneficios del aprendizaje basado en retos con la aplicación de una campaña social en estudiantes de diseño gráfico, alineada a la convocatoria. La metodología se realizó en cinco etapas: Análisis de la situación y desarrollo de la primera propuesta; Realización de un foro con expertos; Ajuste con base en los comentarios anteriores; Presentación de resultados finales; Recuperación de la experiencia. Los resultados son varias campañas con propuestas asertivas y creativas. Se concluye que, al tener un reto establecido por el gobierno de México, los estudiantes adquieren una mayor formalidad e interés, valoran las asesorías externas a la clase y tienen la satisfacción de contribuir a un problema enfocado a Diseño Social.
Mecanismos de resistencia bacteriana frente a ceftazidima avibactam. Revisión Sistemática
Authors: Idrovo Condo Daniel Fernando 
Published: August 2022

La resistencia a los antibióticos representa una problemática a nivel mundial determinada por la capacidad que poseen las bacterias para desarrollar mecanismos de resistencia que les permitan adaptarse y sobrevivir en el entorno en el que se desenvuelven. La combinación ceftazidima-avibactam (CAZ/AVI) desde su aprobación en 2015 por la Food and Drug Administration (FDA) ha demostrado ser muy eficiente frente a bacilos Gram negativos productores de carbapenemasas, pero al igual que otras estrategias frente a bacterias multirresistentes no está exenta del desarrollo de mecanismos de resistencia. Métodos. Se realizó una revisión sistemática de la literatura en las bases de datos Web of Science, PubMed y Scopus siguiendo la metodología PRISMA, se incluyeron 29 artículos en los que se reportó la resistencia a CAZ/AVI en aislados clínicos. Resultados. los mecanismos de resistencia más relevantes fueron las mutaciones en el gen blaKPC en la posición 179 (D179Y) en el bucle conservado omega estimulada por la exposición previa a CAZ/AVI, generando de esta forma nuevas variantes como blaKPC-31 y blaKPC-33. Conclusiones. la evidente presencia de mecanismos de resistencia a CAZ/AVI a pesar de ser una combinación de uso relativamente reciente hace un llamado al uso adecuado de esta combinación.
Métodos no invasivos sobre diagnóstico de esteatosis hepática no alcohólica: descripción de su sensibilidad y especificidad
Authors: Márquez Lanche Maricela Magaly , Prieto Fuentemayor Caren 
Published: August 2022

El hígado graso no alcohólico es una patología de distribución mundial, siendo su evolución hepática crónica la más común. El objetivo de esta investigación consiste en actualizar y describir la sensibilidad y especificidad de los métodos no invasivos para el diagnóstico de esteatosis hepática priorizando las pruebas bioquímicas utilizadas para NAFLD, aplicando un enfoque de tipo documental a través de revisión sistemática y, empleando como metodología, las normas PRISMA y la herramienta QUADAS-2 para el filtro y selección de artículos. En total, se obtuvieron 441 artículos relacionados al tema de investigación mediante bases de datos como PubMed, Scopus, Web Of Science, Science Direct, Scielo y otros, de los cuales 13 fueron seleccionados. Se encontró que factores relacionados a la presencia o no de comorbilidades como el síndrome metabólico, diabetes, HTA, etnia, peso y raza influyen en la NAFLD; por otro lado, las enzimas hepáticas no son predictores sensibles de la enfermedad. Se evidencia también que la esteatosis hepática está directamente relacionada con el aumento del IMC, triglicéridos, HDL, ALT y GGT.
Pengaruh Fluktuasi Kurs Mata Uang terhadap Harga Saham Pt. Bank Central Asia, Tbk di Indonesia
Authors: Chairunnisa Sheila , Prayudi Ahmad 
Published: August 2022

This research was conducted to measure the exchange rate (exchange rate) against stock prices at PT. Bank Central Asia, Tbk in Indonesia in 2018 and to find how much these factors have an effect. The research method used was quantitative with associative techniques and simple linear regression. The sample in this study is the exchange rate and shares of PT. Bank Central Asia, Tbk in the monthly period throughout 2018. Data observation techniques are carried out using document observation techniques sourced from official website of Bank Indonesia (www.bi.go.id) as well as the official website of the Indonesia Stock Exchange (www.idx.co .id) for the share price. The results obtained show a significant value (sig) of XXX with a probability of The value of this value which is smaller than this probability indicates that there is an effect of currency exchange fluctuations on stock prices. Therefore, H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted. The conclusion of this study is that currency exchange rate fluctuations can affect stock prices by XX%.