bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bioequivalence and Safety of Levetiracetam Granules and Oral Solution: A Randomized, Single‐Dose, 2‐Period Crossover Study in Healthy Chinese Volunteers Under a Fasting Condition
Authors: Liu Yun , Zou Yang , Wang Yijun , Jiang Fan , Xu Wenjing , Liu Shuyun , Jia Jingying , Yu Chen , Fang Liming , Hu Liwei , Zhang Kanyin E. , Long Jingwen , Pu Huahua 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe bioequivalence and safety of levetiracetam granules (test formulation) and oral solution (reference formulation) were evaluated in Chinese healthy volunteers under a fasting condition. A total of 24 subjects randomly received the test or reference formulation at the rate of 1:1. The alternative formulation was administered after a 7‐day washout period. The blood samples were collected at designated time points. Liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry was applied to determine the plasma concentrations of levetiracetam. Adverse events were monitored and recorded. The 90% CIs for the geometric mean ratios of maximum plasma concentration, area under the plasma concentration–time curve from time 0 to the last quantifiable concentration, and area under the plasma concentration‐time curve from time 0 to infinity between test preparation and reference preparation were 95.5% to 110.7%, 100.2% to 105.3%, and 100.3% to 105.7%, respectively, all within an acceptable bioequivalence range of 80.00% 125.00%. Both test and reference preparations were well tolerated. The trial confirmed that a single dose of 500‐mg levetiracetam granules was bioequivalent to oral solution under a fasting condition, and may serve as a new dosage form of levetiracetam for clinical practice.
Longitudinal changes in blood biomarkers and their ability to predict type 2 diabetes mellitus—The Tromsø study
Authors: Allaoui Giovanni , Rylander Charlotta , Averina Maria , Wilsgaard Tom , Fuskevåg Ole‐Martin , Berg Vivian 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIntroductionIdentification of individuals at high risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is important for early prevention of the disease. Once T2DM is established, it is difficult to treat and is associated with cardiovascular complications and increased mortality. We aimed to describe pre‐ and post‐diagnostic changes in blood biomarker concentrations over 30 years in individuals with and without T2DM, and to determine the predictive potential of pre‐diagnostic blood biomarkers.MethodsThis nested case–control study included 234 participants in the Tromsø Study who gave blood samples at five time points between 1986 and 2016: 130 did not develop T2DM and were used as controls; 104 developed T2DM after the third time point and were included as cases. After stratifying by sex, we investigated changes in pre‐ and post‐diagnostic concentrations of lipids, thyroid hormones, HbA1c, glucose and gamma‐glutamyltransferase (GGT) using linear mixed models. We used logistic regression models and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AROC) to assess associations between blood biomarker concentrations and T2DM, as well as the predictive ability of blood biomarkers.ResultsCases and controls experienced different longitudinal changes in lipids, free T3, HbA1c, glucose, and GGT. The combination of selected blood biomarker concentrations and basic clinical information displayed excellent (AROC 0.78–0.95) predictive ability at all pre‐diagnostic time points. A prediction model that included HDL (for women), HbA1c, GGT, and basic clinical information demonstrated the strongest discrimination 7 years before diagnosis (AROC 0.95 for women, 0.85 for men).ConclusionThere were clear differences in blood biomarker concentrations between cases and controls throughout the study, and several blood biomarkers were associated with T2DM. Selected blood biomarkers (lipids, HbA1c, GGT) in combination with BMI, physical activity, elevated blood pressure, and family history of T2DM had excellent predictive ability 1–7 years before T2DM diagnosis and acceptable predictive ability up to 15 years before diagnosis.
The permeability properties of bedded coal and rock: Review and new insights
Authors: Song Zhixiang , Zhang Junwen , Zhang Lichao , Dong Xukai , Niu Weimin , Zhang Yang 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIt is beneficial to understand deeply the permeability properties of coal and rock for the stability control of mining engineering, underground engineering, oil and gas engineering, nuclear waste storage engineering, and so on. Therefore, new insights for the permeability properties of bedded coal and rock are summarized and proposed. (1) "Five guarantees" coring technology is worth for vigorous promotion and application. (2) The internal spatial fabric has the significant effect on the mechanical behavior evolution law of (bedded) coal and rock, but the effect is not dominant. (3) The permeability‐energy evolution models of (bedded) coal and rock should be constructed considering the idea of initial high in situ stress reduction, which is helpful for the energy visualization characterization of (bedded) coal and rock. Meanwhile, it can be combined with the structural evolution theory for in‐depth characterization and disclosure. (4) Researches on the permeability properties of (bedded) coal and rock under multi‐field or multi‐phase or phase‐field coupling conditions should be strengthened based on considering the initial damage produced and the distribution characteristics of in situ stress under the coring environment. (5) More accurate and scientific permeability evolution models of (bedded) coal and rock should be vigorously constructed based on the above insights.
Reconstruction of the Grenfell tower fire—Part 6—Numerical simulation of the Grenfell tower disaster: Contribution to the understanding of the tenability conditions inside the common areas of the tower
Authors: Guillaume Eric , Drean Virginie , Girardin Bertrand , Fateh Talal 
Published: February 2022

SummaryThe recent dramatic events at Grenfell Tower in London involving a combustible façade system have raised concerns regarding the fire risk that these systems pose. The spread of fire over the façade of the Tower was previously modelled numerically and the results of this modelling were validated by comparison with observations of the real fire. This model was used to determine the fire behaviour of the façade and the propagation of the façade fire into the apartments through windows. The modelling used an impact model according to ISO 13571 and included fire loads from the façade and, when relevant, from apartment contents. Tenability levels inside the apartments were quantified by an analysis of the toxic and thermal conditions due to the combustion of the façade materials and the apartment contents. In the present paper, the conditions inside the lobbies and stairs of the Tower are investigated, building on the previous analysis of the apartments. This allows an understanding of the evolution of toxic and thermal conditions whilst the fire spread, and their impact on egress during the fire event.
rpavirtual: Key lessons in healthcare organisational resilience in the time of COVID‐19
Authors: Shaw Miranda , Anderson Teresa , Sinclair Tim , Hutchings Owen , Dearing Cassandra , Raffan Freya , Jagers Dianna , Greenfield David 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic is an unfolding crisis which is continually testing the resilience of healthcare organisations. In this context, a key requirement for executives, managers and frontline staff is continually adapting, learning and coping with complexity under pressure to deliver high quality and safe care. Sydney Local Health District has responded to the COVID‐19 crisis, in part, through the pivoting of rpavirtual, a newly established virtual health service, to deliver an innovative model of care in a clinically rigorous and safe manner. Through reviewing the rapid evolution of rpavirtual's purpose, implementation challenges and impact, we investigate how it has displayed resilience and derive key lessons for health organisations.
Creativity among ICT professionals and students in Thailand
Authors: Winley Graham Kenneth , Wongwuttiwat Jittima 
Published: February 2022

AbstractCreativity and innovation related to Information and Communication Technology (ICT) leads to improved competitiveness among individuals, organizations, and nations. In the context of the cultural profile of the developing nation of Thailand, this exploratory study examines the practical problem of improving creativity among ICT professionals and students. The study compares the importance of creativity perceived by ICT lecturers and managers and the extent to which ICT students and officers believe that they display creativity. The purpose is to align perceptions about creativity among these groups in order to promote creativity in ICT. Creativity is characterized by traits derived from studies in neuroscience and this study contributes to the validation of this relatively new approach. Data is collected by questionnaire from: 182 students distributed across the 4 years of ICT bachelor degree programs in three universities in Bangkok and 126 lecturers in these programs; 190 ICT managers and 210 ICT officers from 60 organizations in Bangkok. The findings identify: differences (gaps) among the groups' perceptions of creativity; and possible influences due to cultural characteristics of Thai society. The number of gaps is greatest between lecturers and managers followed by lecturers and students and managers and officers. The gaps are noticeable between males and females but less evident in relation to levels of education and ICT experience. The findings provide practical insights relevant to ICT academics, educators, practicing ICT professionals, and those concerned with the relationships among creativity, innovation, and competitiveness at organizational or national levels, especially in developing nations.
Low‐dose radiation‐induced demethylation of 3β‐HSD participated in the regulation of testosterone content
Authors: Huang Cong‐Shu , Qiu Li‐Zhen , Yue Lanxin , Wang Ning‐Ning , Liu Hong , Deng Hui‐Fang , Ni Yu‐Hao , Ma Zeng‐Chun , Zhou Wei , Gao Yue 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe effects of low‐dose radiation (LDR, ≤0.1 Gy) on living organisms have been the hot areas of radiation biology but do not reach a definitive conclusion yet. So far, few studies have adequately accounted for the male reproductive system responses to LDR, particularly the regulation of testosterone content. Hence, this study was designed to evaluate the effects of LDR on Leydig cells and testicular tissue, especially the ability to synthesize testosterone. We found that less than 0.2‐Gy 60Co gamma rays did not cause significant changes in the hemogram index and the body weight; also, pathological examination did not find obvious structural alterations in testis, epididymis, and other radiation‐sensitive organs. Consistently, the results from in vitro showed that only more than 0.5‐Gy gamma rays could induce remarkable DNA damage, cycle arrest, and apoptosis. Notably, LDR disturbed the contents of testosterone in mice serums and culture supernatants of TM3 cells and dose dependently increased the expression of 3β‐HSD. After cotreatment with trilostane (Tril), the inhibitor of 3β‐HSD, increased testosterone could be partially reversed. Besides, DNA damage repair‐related enzymes, including DNMT1, DNMT3B, and Sirt1, were increased in irradiated TM3 cells, accompanying by evident demethylation in the gene body of 3β‐HSD. In conclusion, our results strongly suggest that LDR could induce obvious perturbation in the synthesis of testosterone without causing organic damage, during which DNA demethylation modification of 3β‐HSD might play a crucial role and would be a potential target to prevent LDR‐induced male reproductive damage.
Oral exposure to aluminum chloride for 28 days suppresses neural stem cell proliferation and increases mature granule cells in adult hippocampal neurogenesis of young‐adult rats
Authors: Shimizu Saori , Maeda Natsuno , Takahashi Yasunori , Uomoto Suzuka , Takesue Keisuke , Ojiro Ryota , Tang Qian , Ozawa Shunsuke , Okano Hiromu , Takashima Kazumi , Woo Gye‐Hyeong , Yoshida Toshinori , Shibutani Makoto 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAluminum (Al), a common light metal, affects the developing nervous system. Developmental exposure to Al chloride (AlCl3) induces aberrant neurogenesis by targeting neural stem cells (NSCs) and/or neural progenitor cells (NPCs) in the dentate gyrus (DG) of rats and mice. To investigate whether hippocampal neurogenesis is similarly affected by AlCl3 exposure in a general toxicity study, AlCl3 was orally administered to 5‐week‐old Sprague Dawley rats at dosages of 0, 4000, or 8000 ppm in drinking water for 28 days. AlCl3 downregulated Sox2 transcript level in the DG at the highest dosage and produced a dose‐dependent decrease of SOX2+ cells without altering numbers of GFAP+ or TBR2+ cells in the subgranular zone, suggesting that AlCl3 decreases Type 2a NPCs. High‐dose exposure downregulated Pcna, upregulated Pvalb, and altered expression of genes suggestive of oxidative stress induction (upregulation of Nos2 and downregulation of antioxidant enzyme genes), indicating suppressed proliferation and differentiation of Type 1 NSCs. AlCl3 doses also increased mature granule cells in the DG. Upregulation of Reln may have contributed to an increase of granule cells to compensate for the decrease of Type 2a NPCs. Moreover, upregulation of Calb2, Gria2, Mapk3, and Tgfb3, as well as increased numbers of activated astrocytes in the DG hilus, may represent ameliorating responses against suppressed neurogenesis. These results suggest that 28‐day exposure of young‐adult rats to AlCl3 differentially targeted NPCs and mature granule cells in hippocampal neurogenesis, yielding a different pattern of disrupted neurogenesis from developmental exposure.
A theoretical perspective of the ultrafast transient absorption dynamics of CsPbBr3
Authors: Boziki Ariadni , Baudin Pablo , Liberatore Elisa , Ashari Astani Negar , Rothlisberger Ursula 
Published: February 2022

AbstractTransient absorption spectra (TAS) of lead halide perovskites can provide important insights into the nature of the photoexcited state dynamics of this prototypical class of materials. Here, we perform ground and excited state molecular dynamics (MD) simulations within a restricted open shell Kohn‐Sham (ROKS) approach in order to interpret the characteristic features of the TAS of CsPbBr3. Our results reveal that properties such as the finite temperature band gap, the Stokes shift, and therefore, also the TAS are strongly size‐dependent. Our TAS simulations show an early positive red‐shifted feature on the fs scale that can be explained by geometric relaxation in the excited state. As excited‐state processes can crucially affect the electronic properties of this class of photoactive materials, our observations are an important ingredient for further optimization of lead halide based optoelectronic devices.
Impact of Medicaid Expansion on Rhinologic Cancer Presentation, Treatment, and Outcomes
Authors: Irace Alexandria L. , Sharma Rahul K. , Smith Timothy L. , Stewart Michael G. , Gudis David A. 
Published: February 2022

ObjectiveThe United States Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act allocated funds for states to expand Medicaid coverage. However, several states declined expansion. We aim to determine whether Medicaid expansion is associated with healthcare coverage, cancer stage at diagnosis, treatment, and survival among patients with rhinologic cancer. Rhinologic cancer was defined to include cancer of the nasal cavity, paranasal sinus, nasopharynx, or olfactory nerve.Study designCohort study.MethodsPatients diagnosed with primary rhinologic malignancies between 2007 to 2016 were extracted from the National Cancer Institute Surveillance, Epidemiology, End Results (SEER) registry. Patients were grouped by diagnosis before and after 2014 (when Medicaid expansion became effective) and whether their state had expanded Medicaid. Multivariable logistic regression controlling for age, sex, race, ethnicity, and income/education was utilized to examine associations between Medicaid expansion/insurance status and stage at diagnosis, treatment, and survival. Overall and disease‐specific survival were examined using Kaplan–Meier analysis.ResultsAnalysis included 10,164 patients. The proportion of uninsured patients decreased after 2014 (2.4%) compared to before 2014 (4.8%, P < .001). After 2014, patients in nonexpanded states were more likely to be diagnosed with advanced stage disease compared to patients in expanded states (N = 2,364; OR = 1.27, 95% CI 1.01–1.60). Being uninsured in any state was associated with advanced stage disease at diagnosis (OR = 1.75, 95% CI 1.41–2.22) and increased risk of disease‐specific death (HR = 1.54, 95% CI 1.32–1.82). Survival measures were not associated with diagnosis before versus after 2014 or Medicaid expansion.ConclusionsPatients lacking insurance or residing in nonexpanded states may be more likely to present with advanced stage rhinologic cancer. Longitudinal studies should validate these findings.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 133:43–50, 2023
Analysis of Systematic Reviews in Clinical Practice Guidelines for Head and Neck Cancer
Authors: Dhillon Jaydeep , Khan Taimoor , Siddiqui Bilal , Torgerson Trevor , Ottwell Ryan , Johnson Austin L. , Skinner Mason , Buchanan Patrick , Hartwell Micah , Vassar Matt 
Published: February 2022

ObjectiveClinical practice guidelines (CPGs) are essential to clinical decision‐making as their recommendations are supported by published literature. Systematic reviews are considered the highest quality of evidence used to underpin these guidelines. However, research to support these recommendations may lack compliance to quality reporting among systematic reviews (SRs). Here, we aim to evaluate the quality of SRs underpinning CPG recommendations for the management of head and neck cancer (HNC).Study DesignRetrospective cross‐sectional analysis.MethodsUsing PubMed, we searched for CPGs pertinent to the management of head and neck cancer published between January 2017 and May 2021. Relevant guidelines were analyzed for all SRs. Cited SRs in CPGs were evaluated using A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews‐2 (AMSTAR‐2) and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) instruments. Study characteristics were extracted in a masked triplicate fashion.ResultsA total of 16 CPGs and 142 unique SRs were included in our study. PRISMA completion ranged from 67.15% to 87.65% across CPGs with a mean of 76.41% (SD = 16.9). AMSTAR‐2 completion ranged from 34.38% to 84.38% across CPGs with a mean of 67.55% (SD = 20.9) among all SRs. The lowest rated items included funding sources and publication bias. A higher score was achieved in SR done by Cochrane group and it was only 2.11% (3/142) of all SR's quoted in CPG.ConclusionAdherence to AMSTAR‐2 and PRISMA items exhibits a variation among SRs cited in CPGs for the management of HNC. The mature underpinning CPG recommendation of SRs cited as supportive evidence could be enhanced in reporting quality.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 132:1976–1983, 2022
A notched UWB microstrip patch antenna for 5G lower and FSS bands
Authors: Mahfuz M.M. Hasan , Islam Md Rafiqul , Habaebi Mohamed Hadi , Sakib Nazmus , Hossain A. K. M. Zakir 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn ASEAN countries, the fifth generation (5G) forum proposed a 5G application lower frequency band (4.5–5.5) GHz and the fixed satellite service (FSS) C‐band at (3.3–4.2) GHz. Previous research works have demonstrated that the complexity of antenna design, large size and in most of the cases, active elements that were added to antenna has made the antenna costly. Therefore, this research work focused on developing a single band notched (SBN) and double band notched (DBN) antennas by creating notched bands for 5G lower band from 4.5 to 5.5 GHz and C‐band 3.3 to 4.2 GHz applications in antenna UWB spectrum. An UWB antenna has been developed using low‐cost FR‐4 substrate with partial grounding (PG) on a rectangular patch. A single band and dual band notched UWB antennas were realized for the 5G lower band through the use of a slot at the top of the radiating patch and by adding an arc shape open loop (ASOL) on the UWB antenna. Both antennas are fabricated using the same FR‐4 substrate and tested using Vector Network Analyzer (VNA). The voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR), return loss, gain, and 2‐D radiation pattern of the test results prove that all antennas have excellent performance (compared to previous research works) in notched band and UWB band frequencies. Therefore, developed single notch and dual notch UWB antennas are proposed as good candidates for 5G lower band and C‐band notched application environment.
Biopolyethylene/macaíba shell (Acrocomia intumescens) composites compatibilized with PE‐g‐MA and PE‐g‐AA: Influence of macaíba oil on processing
Authors: Marçal Vitória Sampaio , Luna Carlos Bruno Barreto , Araújo Edcleide Maria , da Silva Barbosa Ferreira Eduardo , dos Santos Filho Edson Antonio , Siqueira Danilo Diniz 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe present investigation aimed to produce ecological composites of biopolyethylene (BioPE) with macaíba shell (MS), using polyethylene‐graft‐maleic anhydride (PE‐g‐MA) and polyethylene‐graft‐acrylic acid (PE‐g‐AA) as compatibilizers, as well as macaíba almond oil as a plasticizing agent. The composites were processed in a co‐rotational twin‐screw extruder and injection molded. The addition of 30% by weight of MS in the BioPE matrix caused a reduction in impact strength and elongation at break, but improved stiffness and heat deflection temperature. The PE‐g‐MA and PE‐g‐AA compatibilizers improved the impact strength of the composites, suggesting increased interactions between the phases. There was an increase in the composites degree of crystallinity, indicating that the MS acted as a nucleating agent. The macaíba oil addition to the composites increased the impact strength, indicating a plasticizing effect. However, the elastic modulus, tensile strength, and degree of crystallinity tended to decrease. In general, the use of PE‐g‐MA compatibilizer was more effective to improve the composites mechanical properties. The reuse of MS is feasible for the production of sustainable composites.
Pleural empyema with gas formation caused by mixed infection of Edwardsiella tarda with Streptococcus constellatus
Authors: Ikematsu Yuki , Izumi Miiru , Ueno Tsuyoshi , Moriuchi Yuki , Ose Mizuko , Noda Naotaka , Hara Makiko , Otsuka Junji , Wakamatsu Kentaro , Kawasaki Masayuki 
Published: February 2022

AbstractEdwardsiella tarda is an anaerobic, gram‐negative rod bacterium associated with freshwater and marine life. Human E. tarda infections are rare, and most infections in humans cause gastroenteritis. Extraintestinal infections of E. tarda such as pleural empyema are particularly rare. A 72‐year‐old man was admitted with cough and purulent sputum. His medical history included periodontal disease and gastric cancer for which he had undergone total gastrectomy. Chest computed tomography showed left pleural effusion with foci of gas, and both E. tarda and Streptococcus constellatus were cultured from the pleural effusion. Thus, he was diagnosed with gas‐forming empyema. He was successfully treated with therapeutic thoracentesis and antibiotics. Our case suggests that a dietary habit of raw fish, undernutrition, gastrectomy and oral infection may be predisposing factors for empyema caused by E. tarda.