bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electro-spray deposited TiO2 bilayer films and their recyclable photocatalytic self-cleaning strategy
Authors: Song Kewei , Cui Yue , Liu Liang , Chen Boyang , Hirose Kayo , Shahiduzzaman Md. , Umezu Shinjiro 
Published: January 2022

AbstractRecyclable titanium dioxide (TiO2)-based photocatalytic self-cleaning films (SCFs) having a bilayer structure were prepared and assessed. These SCFs comprised two layers of fibers fabricated using an electrospinning process. The self-cleaning layer was made of acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene (ABS) fibers with embedded TiO2 while the substrate layer was composed of fibers made by simultaneously electrospinning poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and ABS. This substrate improved the mechanical strength of the SCF and provided greater adhesion due to the presence of the PVA. The experimental results showed that the hydrophobicity (as assessed by the water contact angle), photocatalytic properties and self-cleaning efficiency of the SCF were all enhanced with increasing TiO2 content in the ABS/TiO2 fibers. In addition, the introduction of the substrate layer allowed the SCFs to be applied to various surfaces and then peeled off when desired. The ABS fibers effectively improved the strength of the overall film, while deterioration of the ABS upon exposure to UV light was alleviated by the addition of TiO2. These SCFs can potentially be recycled after use in various environments, and therefore have applications in the fields of environmental protection and medical science.
Nanochannel-based {BaZn}–organic framework for catalytic activity on the cycloaddition reaction of epoxides with CO2 and deacetalization-Knoevenagel condensation
Authors: Lv Hongxiao , Fan Liming , Chen Hongtai , Zhang Xiutang , Gao Yanpeng 
Published: January 2022

Nanochannel-based {[(CH3)2NH2]2[BaZn(TDP)(H2O)]×DMF×5H2O}n (NUC-51) is synthesized and displays a high catalytic activity on the cycloaddition reactions of epoxides with CO2 and the deacetalization-Knoevenagel condensation reaction.
The Milky Way’s middle-aged inner ring
Authors: Wylie Shola M. , Clarke Jonathan P. , Gerhard Ortwin E. 
Published: January 2022

Aims. We investigate the metallicity, age, and orbital anatomy of the inner Milky Way, specifically focussing on the outer bar region.
Methods. We integrated a sample of APOGEE DR16 inner Galaxy stars in a state of the art bar-bulge potential with a slow pattern speed and investigated the link between the resulting orbits and their [Fe/H] and ages. By superimposing the orbits, we built density, [Fe/H], and age maps of the inner Milky Way, which we divided further using the orbital parameters eccentricity, |Xmax|, and |Zmax|.
Results. We find that at low heights from the Galactic plane, the Galactic bar gradually transitions into a radially thick, vertically thin, elongated inner ring with average solar [Fe/H]. This inner ring is mainly composed of stars with AstroNN ages between 4 and 9 Gyr with a peak in age between 6 and 8 Gyr, making the average age of the ring ∼6 Gyr. The vertical thickness of the ring decreases markedly towards younger ages. We also find very large L4 Lagrange orbits that have average solar to super-solar metallicities and intermediate ages. Lastly, we confirm a clear X-shape in the [Fe/H] and density distributions at large Galactic heights.
Conclusions. The orbital structure obtained for the APOGEE stars reveals that the Milky Way hosts an inner ring-like structure between the planar bar and corotation. This structure is on average metal rich, intermediately aged, and enhances the horizontal metallicity gradient along the bar’s major axis.
Probing the galactic cosmic-ray density with current and future γ-ray instruments
Authors: Peron G. , Aharonian F. 
Published: January 2022

Context. Cosmic rays (CRs) propagating through dense molecular clouds (MCs) produce γ-rays, which carry direct information about the CR distribution throughout the Galaxy. Observations of γ-rays in different energy bands allow for the exploration of the average CR density in the Galactic disk, the so-called level of the “CR sea”. Observations with the Fermi-Large Area Telescope (LAT) demonstrated the method’s feasibility based on two dozen MCs in our Galaxy. However, the potential of Fermi-LAT is limited to the exploration of the most massive and relatively nearby MCs; thus, the current observations cover only a tiny fraction of the Milky Way.
Aims. In this work, we aim to study the prospects of expanding the CR measurements to very and ultra-high energies and remote parts of the Galaxy with the current and next-generation detectors.
Methods. Based on calculations of fluxes expected from MCs, we formulated the requirements to the sensitivity of the post-Fermi-LAT detectors in order to map GeV-TeV CRs in the Galactic disk. We also explored the potential of the current and future air-shower and atmospheric Cherenkov telescope arrays for the extension of CR studies to multi-TeV and PeV energy bands.
Results. We demonstrated that the improvement of the Fermi-LAT sensitivity by a factor of a few would allow a dramatic increase in the number of detectable MCs, covering almost the entire Galaxy. The recently completed Large High altitude air Shower Observatory should be able to take the first CR probes at PeV energies in the coming five years or so.
Muscle Oxygenation during Repeated Cycling Sprints in a Combined Hot
and Hypoxic Condition
Authors: Yamaguchi Keiichi , Kasai Nobukazu , Hayashi Nanako , Yatsutani Haruka , Girard Olivier , Goto Kazushige 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to examine the effects of a combined hot and
hypoxic environment on muscle oxygenation and performance during repeated
cycling sprints. In a single-blind, counterbalanced, cross-over research design,
10 male athletes performed three sets of 3 × 10-s maximal pedaling
interspersed with 40-s recovery between sprints under four different
environments. Each condition consisted of a control (CON; 20°C,
20.9% FiO2), normobaric hypoxia (HYP; 20°C,
14.5% FiO2), hot (HOT; 35°C, 20.9%
FiO2), and combined hot and normobaric hypoxia (HH; 35°C,
14.5% FiO2). Power output and vastus lateralis muscle
oxygenation were measured. Peak power output was significantly higher in HOT
(892±27 W) and HH (887±24 W) than in CON
(866±25 W) and HYP (859±25 W) during the first
set (p<0.05). The increase in total hemoglobin during recovery periods
was larger in HH than in HYP (p<0.05), while change in tissue saturation
index was smaller in HYP than in CON and HOT (p<0.05). The findings
suggest that the combination of hot and hypoxia during repeated cycling sprints
presented different characteristics for muscle metabolism and power output
compared to temperature or altitude stressor alone.
DOAC Dipstick Testing Can Reliably Exclude the Presence of Clinically Relevant DOAC Concentrations in Circulation
Authors: Margetić Sandra , Ćelap Ivana , Huzjan Arijana Lovrenčić , Puretić Marijana Bosnar , Goreta Sandra Šupraha , Glojnarić Anesa Čajević , Brkljačić Diana Delić , Mioč Pavao , Harenberg Job , Hetjens Svetlana , Weiss Christel 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn certain clinical situations, it is necessary to determine whether clinically relevant plasma levels of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are present. We examined whether qualitative testing of DOACs in urine samples can exclude DOAC plasma concentrations of ≥30 ng/mL. This prospective single-center cohort study included consecutive patients treated with an oral direct factor Xa inhibitor (DXI) (apixaban, n = 31, rivaroxaban, n = 53) and direct thrombin inhibitor (DTI) (dabigatran, n = 44). We aimed to define the negative predictive value (NPV) and other statistical parameters of detecting DXIs and DTIs by DOAC Dipstick at plasma concentrations of ≥30 ng/mL. We also determined the best-fit threshold plasma levels using chromogenic substrate assays by logistic regression analysis. Between July 2020 and July 2021, 128 eligible patients (mean age 66 years, 55 females) were included into the study. The NPVs and sensitivities for DXI and DTI of DOAC Dipstick were 100% at ≥30 ng/mL plasma, for specificities 6 and 21% and for positive predictive values 62 and 72%, respectively. All diagnostic statistical tests improved to values between 86 and 100% at best-fitting plasma thresholds of ≥14 ng/mL for DXI and ≥19 ng/mL for DTI. Visual analysis using the DOAC Dipstick was 100% in agreement with that of the optoelectronic DOASENSE Reader for all the three DOACs.DOAC Dipstick testing can reliably exclude the presence of DOACs in urine samples at best-fitting thresholds of >14 and >19 ng/mL in plasma. The performance of the DOAC Dipstick at detecting lower DOAC concentrations in plasma requires confirmation.
Asymmetric Synthesis of γ-Amino-Functionalised Vinyl Sulfones: De Novo Preparation of Cysteine Protease Inhibitors
Authors: Evans Paul , Shen Wen , Cunningham Laura 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe enantioselective azo-based α-amination of an aldehyde followed by a Horner–Wadsworth–Emmons-based vinyl sulfone formation is reported. The thus obtained optically active N,N′-diprotected trans-(phenylsulfonyl)vinyl hydrazine products were then converted into the corresponding N-functionalised trans-(phenylsulfonyl)vinyl amines. Specifically, reaction of 4-phenylbutanal with di-tert-butyl azodicarboxylate (DBAD) in the presence of l- or d-proline, followed by addition of diethyl [(phenylsulfonyl)methyl]phosphonate, gave either enantiomer of di-tert-butyl trans-1-[5-phenyl-1-(phenylsulfonyl)pent-1-en-3-yl]hydrazine-1,2-dicarboxylate. The enantiomeric excesses of the (+)- and (–)-enantiomers prepared in this manner were in the range 86–89%. The conversion of these γ-hydrazino vinyl sulfones into the corresponding γ-amino-substituted compounds was achieved following a Boc deprotection, Zn reduction, N-functionalisation sequence. This three-step sequence was reasonably efficient (approx. 50%) and no erosion of enantiopurity was found to have taken place. The compounds accessed via this process include both enantiomers of tert-butyl trans-[5-phenyl-1-(phenylsulfonyl)pent-1-en-3-yl]carbamate and epimeric dipeptide mimetics including 4-methyl-N-{(S)-1-oxo-3-phenyl-1-[((S,E)-5-phenyl-1-(phenylsulfonyl)pent-1-en-3-yl)amino]propan-2-yl}piperazine-1-carboxamide (also known as K777).
Rare Presentations of Frontal Sinus Fungus Ball: A Systematic Review
Authors: Luizeti Bárbara Okabaiasse , Lima Lesley Ane Roks de , Spies Jonas Willian , Sella Guilherme Constante Preis 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Introduction The sinus fungus ball is an agglomeration of debris and hyphae, mainly caused by Aspergillus fumigatus, within the paranasal sinus, commonly affecting a single sinus, and it only rarely affects the frontal sinus.
Objective To identify the state of the art of fungus ball in paranasal sinuses, especially related to the epidemiology of the disease in the frontal sinus. Additionally, this article reports a rare case of fungus ball in the frontal sinus in an adult male, and discusses the variables of this condition related to the patient.
Data Synthesis All of the 8 cases of fungus ball in the frontal sinus reported in this study affected male patients: 40% had unilateral disease, and 60%, bilateral disease, contrary to the incidence data of fungus ball in the other paranasal sinuses, which reports unilateral prevalence. However, in the present study, this index changes, with 50% of unilateral and 50% of bilateral incidence regarding frontal sinus involvement. The average age of the patients was 65.36 years (range: 60-74 years). The etiologic agent was Aspergillus spp., and the endonasal endoscopic therapeutic approach corresponded to 80% of cases, while frontal osteoplasty accounted for 20% of cases, reaffirming the prevalence data from other studies.
Conclusion Despite being a low-incidence entity, frontal sinus fungus ball should be considered in patients with pain in the frontal region refractory to the usual clinical treatments.
Bracing for the Patellofemoral Joint
Authors: Phillips Rachel , Choo Stephanie , Nuelle Clayton W. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPatellofemoral disorders are common causes of knee pain that result in frequent visitations to musculoskeletal care clinics. Patellar tendinopathy, patellar instability and patellar maltracking, and pain are some of the most common pathologies resulting in patellofemoral dysfunction. For each of these diagnoses, there are unique orthoses and braces available, some of which are uniquely designed to address the pathology involved. While the spectrum of patellofemoral disorders is wide ranging and can often be challenging to treat, bracing frequently plays a large role in the overall treatment algorithm. In this article, we summarized the current literature and treatment recommendations related to the most common types of patellar braces. We performed a thorough review of randomized controlled trials and up to date literature to reach well-informed conclusions on current best practice regarding the uses of patellar braces for patellofemoral disorders.
Management of Neonatal Limb Ischemia Secondary to Peripheral Arterial Lines: A Systematic Review
Authors: Slee Samantha Louise , Ma Yangmyung 
Published: January 2022

AbstractLimb ischemia is a rare complication of peripheral arterial lines, but there is inconsistency with management. We aimed to describe the variation in the management of limb ischemia secondary to a peripheral arterial line and to determine a consensus for management. The systematic review consisted of searching PubMed, Scopus, Ovid MEDLINE, Google Scholar, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and references of journals using pre-trialed medical subject headings terms and articles. The sources were scrutinized against inclusion and exclusion criteria. Twenty-six articles were included for full-text analysis: seven retrospective reviews and 19 case reports. The most common site of insertion was femoral (30%), followed by radial (25%). Seventy-one percent of the patients were treated medically, 18% surgically, 9% both medically and surgically, and one patient was treated conservatively with debridement and accurate approximation. The majority of interventions were successful in treating limb ischemia, with 91% achieving a good outcome. All patients who received glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) and all surgical interventions, including conservative management, achieved good outcomes. Medical management was successful in 92%, whereas a combined approach of surgical and medical management was successful in 75% of patients. There is wide variation in the management of limb ischemia secondary to peripheral arterial lines. There is apparent success observed with topical 2% GTN and surgical interventions, with thrombolysis and, in case of no improvement, with thrombectomy, across various studies. We recommend that an updated international consensus be reached on the management of neonates with limb ischemia secondary to a peripheral arterial line.
LCDR
regulates the integrity of lysosomal membrane by hnRNP K–stabilized
LAPTM5
transcript and promotes cell survival
Authors: Yang Xiwang , Wen Ya , Liu Shaomin , Duan Liqiang , Liu Tongfeng , Tong Zhou , Wang Zhuo , Gu Yinmin , Xi Yibo , Wang Xiaodong , Luo Dingsan , Zhang Ruobing , Liu Yajuan , Wang Yang , Cheng Tianyou , Jiang Siyuan , Zhu Xiaofeng , Yang Xiaohui , Pan Yongbo , Cheng Shuwen , Ye Qinong , Chen Jinfei , Xu Xiaoding , Gao Shan 
Published: January 2022

Significance

Here, we report that the long noncoding RNA
lysosome cell death regulator
(
LCDR
) mediates the survival of cancer cells, counteracting the effects of apoptosis triggered by lysosomal cell death pathways. Mechanistically,
LCDR
, as a cofactor for heterogenous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K (hnRNP K) to potentiate the stabilization of lysosomal membrane protein lysosomal-associated protein transmembrane 5 (LAPTM5), prevents lysosomal membrane permeabilization and promotes cancer cell survival. Clinically,
LCDR
, hnRNP K, and LAPTM5 are significantly up-regulated in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patients. Targeting
LCDR
via nanoparticles-mediated RNA interference technology increases cell death in vitro and inhibits the growth of patient-derived xenografts of LUAD in vivo. Our study demonstrates that
LCDR
contributes to cancer pathology by regulating
LCDR
-mediated apoptosis.
Optomechanically-generated photon–phonon single pairs with both discrete- and continuous-variable entanglements
Authors: Yu Cun , Yang Zhenshan , Meng Xiangguo , Zhang Zhentao , Zhang Xia , Bai Chenglin 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
By exploiting two mechanical modes in an optomechanical resonator, photon–phonon single pairs with both discrete- and continuous-variable entanglements can be generated in a waveguide that is coupled to the resonator. The discrete- and continuous-variable entanglements in the photon–phonon pair can be independently controlled via adjusting the central frequency and spectral width of the input optical pump, respectively.
Photoelectron spectra of argon in circularly polarized pulses studied by atom-Volkov strong-field approximation
Authors: Jiang Tsin-Fu 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
We studied the above-threshold ionization (ATI) spectra of argon in circularly polarized pulse by the atom-Volkov strong-field approximation (SFA). A dip appears in the spectra due to the presence of a zero in the dipole matrix element, corresponding to a transition from the ground state to the L = 2 continuum at electron kinetic energy ∼30.6 eV. No such dip appears when the time-dependent Schrödinger equation (TDSE) is used instead, because the transition amplitude in SFA is the first-order term in the S-matrix series while TDSE contains all orders. In contrast, the effect of Cooper minimum shows up in high-order harmonic generations, which is an inverse process of photoionization where the recombination transition is first-order. We examine several sets of pulse parameters and found that when the SFA validity conditions are satisfied, the atom-Volkov SFA generates better ATI spectra than the simple SFA.
Bead-like carbon fibers consisting of abundantly exposed active sites for the oxygen reduction reaction
Authors: Jiang Weiya , Huang Bing , Hu Rongtao , Cui Yaqi , Guan Lunhui 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Rational design is essential in the synthesis of electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Herein, we introduced zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) and polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) into the electrospinning process of the polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and hemin to increase the active site loading and exposed active area of the final product with empty bead-like structures. In this method, ZIF-8 acts as a carbon skeleton to provide a rich microporous structure that can support active sites, and as a nitrogen dopant to improve nitrogen contents. PVP changes the properties of the spinning solution, adjusts the fiber morphology, and to increase the exposed area of active sites as a pore former. The obtained Fe–N–C ORR catalyst delivered a half-wave potential (E
1/2) of 0.924 V in a 0.1 M KOH solution and 0.77 V in a 0.1 M HClO4 solution. A homemade zinc air battery with power density of 236 mW cm−2 demonstrated the excellent performance of the catalyst under working conditions.
Non-contact magnetic actuated shape-programmable poly(aryl ether ketone)s and their structural variation during the deformation process
Authors: Yang Shuai , He Yang , Liu Yanju , Leng Jinsong 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Here, a series of thermoplastic shape memory poly(aryl ether ketone)s (PAEKs) with programmable transition temperature were synthesized via a condensation polymerization reaction. The introduction of flexible segments and side groups onto PAEK main chains promoted the formation of the alternating rigid-flexible structures and the enhanced shape memory properties. The synthesized PAEKs exhibited the great thermal stability and strength which could greatly meet the demands in engineering applications. In addition, non-contact actuation of the shape memory behaviors of PAEKs was realized through the integration of Fe3O4 nanoparticles with magnetocaloric effect. More significantly, small-angle X-ray scattering analysis was utilized to reveal the transition of molecular chains and phase states during the stretching and heating processes. The change of internal structures and orientation of molecular chains during the deformation process might contribute to the regulation of shape memory behaviors. These studies on the fabrication of shape memory PAEKs with non-contact magnetic actuation performances and the investigation of their structural variation during the stretching and heating process were expected to open doors for the fabrication and investigation of new type of shape memory polymers.
Analysis of college students misconceptions in astronomy using four-tier test
Authors: Azizah S N , Akhsan H , Muslim M , Ariska M 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This study aims to find out the misconceptions experienced by college students in Astronomy material using four-tier Diagnostic test through the google form. The population of this study were all 5th semester students of the Sriwijaya University Physics Education Study Program. This research is a quantitative descriptive research. Descriptive research here is intended to identify the physics misconceptions experienced by college students in material Astronomy using four-tier diagnostic test. Quantitative research is intended to obtain data from research samples analyzed according to the statistical methods used. This research produces a description of the phenomenon of Astronomical misconceptions that occur. The instrument used is a multiple choice four-tier diagnostic test consisting of 10 questions. Based on the results of research and data analysis showed that overall percentage, college students experienced misconceptions of 57.34%, so that college students’ misconceptions were categorized as moderate level misconceptions.
The influence of the hybrid learning model using the schoology application in basic physics lectures to improve process skills in the industrial 4.0 period
Authors: Nasution E S , Rhamyanti Y , Lubis R U , Harahap D G S , Harahap A N , Sara Y , Sikumbang R S 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The development of science and technology in the industrial period 4.0 needs to be improved through the improvement of human resources. The learning process in the industrial period 4.0 is required for the world of education to develop, especially in the field of technology. One of the learning models used is the Hybrid learning model by using schoology applications to assist students in improving process skills in basic physics course materials. Therefore, one of the objectives of this study is to find out the influence of hybrid learning models using schoology applications in basic physics courses in improving process skills in the face ofindustry 4.0. The population of this study is all students of the Faculty of Teacher Training and Education. Sampling techniques are used cluster random sampling where students as experimental classes that use hybrid learning models using schoology and math students as control classes using e learning models. The instrument used is a matterof process skills test. The resultof the study for the average value of the control class on pretes was 37.17 and the average postes score was 66.94. The average pretest score in the training experiment classwas 36.83 and the average postes score was 78.61, this suggests there is an influenceof hybrid learning models using schoology applications on process skills in basic physics courses.