bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Case Study on the Employment of a Person with Intellectual Disability in Childcare Work in Japan
Authors: Maebara Kazuaki 
Published: July 2022

Background: In recent years, it has become necessary to promote the employment of persons with intellectual disabilities in new occupations.
Objective: This study aimed to analyze the case of a person with an intellectual disability employed in childcare work and examine it from the perspective of issues in securing employment for the disabled.
Method: As a case study, an in-depth interview was conducted to survey a director of the Center for Early Childhood Education and Care, which had been hiring persons with intellectual disabilities and organizing the employment process for about four years.
Results: The person with intellectual disability was assigned to perform direct support work, mainly childcare work, and was aided by staff members responsible for guidance and the verbalization of job instructions. In addition, the staff provided specific guidance for solving problems that occurred in daily life. The work could be carried out smoothly.
Conclusion: While many people with intellectual disabilities are engaged in indirect support work, participating in direct support work, mainly childcare work, may positively affect their career development. Additionally, in focusing on the workplace, it is important to reconsider daily life issues from the viewpoint of long-term stability in the workplace and improve the methods used for transition support. The data were collected from a single case, which may limit the generalisability of the findings.
Immune dynamics in SARS-CoV-2 experienced immunosuppressed rheumatoid arthritis or multiple sclerosis patients vaccinated with mRNA-1273
Authors: Verstegen Niels JM , Hagen Ruth R , van den Dijssel Jet , Kuijper Lisan H , Kreher Christine , Ashhurst Thomas , Kummer Laura YL , Steenhuis Maurice , Duurland Mariel , de Jongh Rivka , de Jong Nina , van der Schoot C Ellen , Bos Amélie V , Mul Erik , Kedzierska Katherine , van Dam Koos PJ , Stalman Eileen W , Boekel Laura , Wolbink Gertjan , Tas Sander W , Killestein Joep , van Kempen Zoé LE , Wieske Luuk , Kuijpers Taco W , Eftimov Filip , Rispens Theo , van Ham S Marieke , ten Brinke Anja , van de Sandt Carolien E ,   On behalf of the T2B! immunity against SARS-CoV-2 study group
Published: July 2022

Background:Patients affected by different types of autoimmune diseases, including common conditions such as multiple sclerosis (MS) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA), are often treated with immunosuppressants to suppress disease activity. It is not fully understood how the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-specific humoral and cellular immunity induced by infection and/or upon vaccination is affected by immunosuppressants.Methods:The dynamics of cellular immune reactivation upon vaccination of SARS-CoV-2 experienced MS patients treated with the humanized anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody ocrelizumab (OCR) and RA patients treated with methotrexate (MTX) monotherapy were analyzed at great depth via high-dimensional flow cytometry of whole blood samples upon vaccination with the SARS-CoV-2 mRNA-1273 (Moderna) vaccine. Longitudinal B and T cell immune responses were compared to SARS-CoV-2 experienced healthy controls (HCs) before and 7 days after the first and second vaccination.Results:OCR-treated MS patients exhibit a preserved recall response of CD8+ T central memory cells following first vaccination compared to HCs and a similar CD4+ circulating T follicular helper 1 and T helper 1 dynamics, whereas humoral and B cell responses were strongly impaired resulting in absence of SARS-CoV-2-specific humoral immunity. MTX treatment significantly delayed antibody levels and B reactivation following the first vaccination, including sustained inhibition of overall reactivation marker dynamics of the responding CD4+ and CD8+ T cells.Conclusions:Together, these findings indicate that SARS-CoV-2 experienced MS-OCR patients may still benefit from vaccination by inducing a broad CD8+ T cell response which has been associated with milder disease outcome. The delayed vaccine-induced IgG kinetics in RA-MTX patients indicate an increased risk after the first vaccination, which might require additional shielding or alternative strategies such as treatment interruptions in vulnerable patients.Funding:This research project was supported by ZonMw (The Netherlands Organization for Health Research and Development, #10430072010007), the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement (#792532 and #860003), the European Commission (SUPPORT-E, #101015756) and by PPOC (#20_21 L2506), the NHMRC Leadership Investigator Grant (#1173871).
Oral manifestations in young adults infected with COVID-19 and impact of smoking: a multi-country cross-sectional study
Authors: El Tantawi Maha , Sabbagh Heba Jafar , Alkhateeb Nada Abubakor , Quritum Maryam , Abourdan Joud , Qureshi Nafeesa , Qureshi Shabnum , Hamoud Ahmed , Mahmoud Nada , Odeh Ruba , Al-Khanati Nuraldeen Maher , Jaber Rawiah , Balkhoyor Abdulrahman Loaie , Shabi Mohammed , Folayan Morenike O. , Gomaa Noha , Al_Nahdi Raqiya , Mahmoud Nawal , El Wazziki Hanane , Alnaas Manal , Samodien Bahia , Mahmoud Rawa , Abu Assab Nour , Saad Sherin , Al-Hachim Sondos , Alshaikh Ali , Abdelaziz Wafaa 
Published: July 2022

Background
Oral manifestations and lesions could adversely impact the quality of people’s lives. COVID-19 infection may interact with smoking and the impact on oral manifestations is yet to be discovered.

Objectives
The aim of this study was to assess the self-reported presence of oral lesions by COVID-19-infected young adults and the differences in the association between oral lesions and COVID-19 infection in smokers and non-smokers.

Methods
This cross-sectional multi-country study recruited 18-to-23-year-old adults. A validated questionnaire was used to collect data on COVID-19-infection status, smoking and the presence of oral lesions (dry mouth, change in taste, and others) using an online platform. Multi-level logistic regression was used to assess the associations between the oral lesions and COVID-19 infection; the modifying effect of smoking on the associations.

Results
Data was available from 5,342 respondents from 43 countries. Of these, 8.1% reported COVID-19-infection, 42.7% had oral manifestations and 12.3% were smokers. A significantly greater percentage of participants with COVID-19-infection reported dry mouth and change in taste than non-infected participants. Dry mouth (AOR=, 9=xxx) and changed taste (AOR=, 9=xxx) were associated with COVID-19- infection. The association between COVID-19-infection and dry mouth was stronger among smokers than non-smokers (AOR = 1.26 and 1.03, p = 0.09) while the association with change in taste was stronger among non-smokers (AOR = 1.22 and 1.13, p = 0.86).

Conclusion
Dry mouth and changed taste may be used as an indicator for COVID-19 infection in low COVID-19-testing environments. Smoking may modify the association between some oral lesions and COVID-19-infection.
Upregulation of RCAN1.4 by HIF1α alleviates OGD‐induced inflammatory response in astrocytes
Authors: Yang Xiaxin , Yun Yan , Wang Pin , Zhao Juan , Sun Xiulian 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectiveIschemic stroke is a leading cause of human mortality and long‐term disability worldwide. As one of the main forms of regulator of calcineurin 1 (RCAN1), the contribution of RCAN1.4 in diverse biological and pathological conditions has been implicated. But the role of RCAN1.4 in ischemic stroke progression remains elusive. This study is to explore the expression changes and roles of RCAN1.4 in ischemic stroke as well as the underlying mechanisms for these changes and effects of RCAN1.4 in ischemic stroke.MethodsMiddle cerebral artery occlusion model in C57BL/6J mice and oxygen–glucose deprivation (OGD) model in primary astrocytes were performed to induce the cerebral ischemic stroke. The expression pattern of RCAN1.4 was assessed using real‐time quantitative PCR and western blotting in vivo and in vitro. Mechanistically, the underlying mechanism for the elevation of RCAN1.4 in the upstream was investigated. Lentiviruses were administrated, and the effect of RCAN1.4 in postischemic inflammation was clearly clarified.ResultsHere we uncovered that RCAN1.4 was dramatically increased in mouse ischemic brains and OGD‐induced primary astrocytes. HIF1α, activated upon OGD, significantly upregulated RCAN1.4 gene expression through specifically binding to the RCAN1.4 promoter region and activating its promoter activity. The functional hypoxia‐responsive element (HRE) was located between −254 and −245 bp in the RCAN1.4 promoter region. Moreover, elevated RCAN1.4 alleviated the release of pro‐inflammatory cytokines TNFα, IL1β, IL6 and reduced expression of iNOS, COX2 in primary astrocytes upon OGD, whereas RCAN1.4 silencing has the opposite effect. Of note, RCAN1.4 overexpression inhibited OGD‐induced NF‐κB activation in primary astrocytes, leading to decreased degradation of IκBα and reduced nuclear translocation of NF‐κB/p65.InterpretationOur results reveal a novel mechanism underscoring the upregulation of RCAN1.4 by HIF1α and the protective effect of RCAN1.4 against postischemic inflammation, suggesting its significance as a promising therapeutic target for ischemic stroke treatment.
Indium and Tin Doping of Zinc Oxide Film by Cation Exchange and its Application to Low‐Temperature Thin‐Film Transistors
Authors: Han Sunghoon , Im Changik , Kim Youn Sang , Kim Changsoon 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThin‐film transistors (TFTs) based on ternary or quaternary metal oxides possess features that are advantageous for the commercialization of large‐area and flexible displays. These features include high mobility, high current on–off ratio, and uniformity over large areas. However, the manufacture of TFTs mainly uses costly sputtering equipment with low throughput. Here, it is demonstrated that cation exchange is a novel, solution‐based route for obtaining high‐quality ternary metal oxide films from binary metal oxide films. Specifically, some Zn ions in the parent ZnO film are replaced with In or Sn ions in a solution at room temperature, while preserving the ionic framework of the parent ZnO lattice to some degree. Consequently, annealing the resulting cation‐exchanged film at 250 °C yields an In‐ or a Sn‐doped ZnO film, in which In or Sn acts as a substitutional donor, with its electrical properties superior to those of the parent ZnO film. With the use of these In‐ and Sn‐doped ZnO films as channel layers, TFTs exhibit field‐effect mobilities of 10.3 and 7.1 cm2 V−1 s−1 and turn‐on voltages of −3.9 and −1.2 V, respectively, with current on–off ratios exceeding 108.
Ultra‐Wide Vis–NIR Mg2Al4Si5O18:Eu2+,Cr3+ Phosphor Containing Unusual NIR Luminescence Induced by Cr3+ Occupying Tetrahedral Coordination for Hyperspectral Imaging
Authors: Zou Xikun , Zhang Haoran , Li Wei , Zheng Mingtao , Molokeev Maxim S. , Xia Zhiguo , Zheng Yinjian , Li Qingming , Liu Yingliang , Zhang Xuejie , Lei Bingfu 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCr3+‐activated broadband near‐infrared (NIR) phosphors, featured by the octahedral coordination preference and strong absorption in visible (Vis) region, have great potential application in nondestructive assessment. It is still a challenge to develop Cr3+‐doped phosphors with the tetrahedrally coordinated Cr3+ NIR emission behavior and ultra‐wide Vis–NIR luminescence. Herein, an unusual NIR‐emitting Mg2Al4Si5O18:Cr3+ phosphor offers emission peak at 867 nm with full‐width at half‐maximum of 237 nm due to preferential occupation of the AlO4 tetrahedra by Cr3+ as demonstrated by structural and optical properties studies. Eu2+–Cr3+ energy transfer is proposed to induce ultra‐wide Vis–NIR Mg2Al4Si5O18:Eu2+,Cr3+ phosphors with more efficient NIR emission and lower thermal quenching behavior of Cr3+. The fabricated Vis–NIR phosphor‐converted light‐emitting diode is expected to be an alternative to halogen lamp in hyperspectral imaging. This work reveals the luminescence behavior of Cr3+ in tetrahedra and demonstrates the application of Mg2Al4Si5O18:Eu2+,Cr3+ phosphor in hyperspectral imaging, which will facilitate further research on NIR and Vis–NIR phosphors.
Deep‐Red Perovskite Light‐Emitting Diodes with External Quantum Efficiency Exceeding 21% Enabled by Ligand‐Modulated Dimensionality Control
Authors: Liu Zhe , Peng Xiaomei , Xing Shiyu , Qiu Weidong , Li Mengke , Shen Chao , Sun Guanwei , Zhou Zhisheng , Gu Qing , Pu Junrong , Yang Jiaji , Zhang Jibin , Liu Denghui , Shen Chenyang , Qing Jian , Xue Qifan , Yip Hin‐Lap , Di Dawei , Hou Lintao , Qi Zhengjian , Su Shi‐Jian 
Published: July 2022

AbstractQuasi‐2D perovskites show great promise for light‐emitting diodes owing to suppressed non‐radiative losses enabled by the energy funneling/cascading nanostructures. However, for red emission quasi‐2D perovskites, these ideal energy landscapes for efficient perovskite light‐emitting diodes (PeLEDs) can rarely be achieved due to detrimental aggregation of the low‐dimensional ligands in perovskite precursors, leading to poor device efficiency and stability. Here, a ligand‐modulated dimensionality control strategy is explored to achieve uniform phase distribution and reduce defect density for efficient light emission. In contrast to the model phenethylammonium iodide 2D ligand, the formation of small‐n phases can be inhibited by a structurally similar phenoxyethylammonium iodide ligand owing to the weakened aromatic stacking between ligands. Besides, the oxygen atoms can interact with the uncoordinated Pb2+ ions and promote the NI coordination in the perovskites, which greatly reduces the non‐radiative recombination defects in the ionic lattice. With this simple and effective approach, deep‐red quasi‐2D PeLEDs with record‐high external quantum efficiency of 21.6% and decent operational stability are achieved without the need for additional additives. These results highlight the potential of ligand‐modulated dimensionality control to achieve highly efficient and stable PeLEDs with a facile fabrication process.
Self‐Powered and High‐Performance Alternating Current Photodetectors to enhance Broadband Photodetection
Authors: Singh Ranveer , Kumar Mohit , Kim Unjeong , Seo Hyungtak 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSelf‐powered broadband photodetectors that are easy to fabricate and convenient to operate are highly desirable in numerous optoelectronic applications; however, achieving a fast response time with high sensitivity remains a daunting challenge to their widespread use. In this study, a self‐powered, high‐performance alternating current photodetector is fabricated by coating plasmonic Au nanoparticles (NPs) onto MoO3. The self‐powered photodetector shows high detectivity (≈4.6 × 1010 Jones) and a good responsivity of 3.8 µA W−1, due to the alternating current photovoltaic effect. The photodetector exhibits a rapid response with the rise and fall times of 35 and 48 ms, respectively, under self‐biased conditions. Conductive atomic force microscopy demonstrates nanoscale charge transport and current generation, suggesting the possibility of fabricating a sub‐nanometer (≈50 nm) sized photodetector. Results thus observed are attributed to the relative shift and realignment between quasi‐Fermi levels under non‐equilibrium conditions, caused by inhomogeneous charge carrier generation. The results presented in this study introduce a simple approach to enhance self‐powered broadband photodetection while enabling high‐performance for advanced optoelectronic applications in the future; these applications include smart security, optical communication, digital display, and sensing, amongst others.
H2O‐Boosted MgProton Collaborated Energy Storage for Rechargeable Mg‐Metal Batteries
Authors: Yang Chaoran , Pu Zhichen , Jiang Zhenfei , Gao Xiaowen , Wang Kewei , Wang Shiyang , Chai Yuming , Li Qi , Wu Xuejun , Xiao Yunlong , Xu Dongsheng 
Published: July 2022

AbstractRechargeable magnesium batteries (RMBs) are a kind of energy storage system with high safety, low cost, and high volumetric energy density. In general perception, H2O will passivate the Mg‐metal anode. But herein, a coordination–hydrolysis strategy is developed, in which H2O can be used as an additive to produce dissociated H+. Moreover, MgH+ energy storage mechanism is discovered on CuSe cathode, which helps the specific capacity and energy density enhance to 480 mAh g−1 and 413 Wh kg−1, respectively. This coordination–hydrolysis strategy also promotes the conductivity and electron transfer ability of electrolyte. Consequently, the specific capacity can remain 247 mAh g−1 even at 2 A g−1. MgH+ energy storage route gets rid of massive cathode material, and protons have the smallest size and lightest weight, whose theoretical energy density can reach 4230 Wh kg−1. The results elucidated here provide a new route for energy‐dense RMBs.
Nickel‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydroaryloxy‐ and Hydroalkoxycarbonylation of Cyclopropenes
Authors: Yu Rongrong , Cai Song‐Zhou , Li Can , Fang Xianjie 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe asymmetric Reppe carbonylation reactions provide a straightforward access toα‐chiral carbonyl compounds. The reported paradigms predominantly adopted precious palladium as the catalyst. Here we report a nickel‐catalyzed asymmetric carbonylation of cyclopropenes with phenyl formate and CO/ROH, respectively. This asymmetrical synthetic protocol features high atom economy, good functional group tolerance, which rapidly constructs polysubstituted cyclopropanecarboxylic derivatives with excellent diastereo‐ and enantioselectivity. The synthetic utility is demonstrated by facile conversion of the chiral products into bioactive molecules such as (−)‐Tranylcypromine and (−)‐Lemborexant.
Live‐Cell Imaging of Sterculic Acid—a Naturally Occurring 1,2‐Cyclopropene Fatty Acid—by Bioorthogonal Reaction with Turn‐On Tetrazine‐Fluorophore Conjugates**
Authors: Bertheussen Kristine , van de Plassche Merel , Bakkum Thomas , Gagestein Berend , Ttofi Iakovia , Sarris Alexi J. C. , Overkleeft Herman S. , van der Stelt Mario , van Kasteren Sander I. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn the field of lipid research, bioorthogonal chemistry has made the study of lipid uptake and processing in living systems possible, whilst minimising biological properties arising from detectable pendant groups. To allow the study of unsaturated free fatty acids in live cells, we here report the use of sterculic acid, a 1,2‐cyclopropene‐containing oleic acid analogue, as a bioorthogonal probe. We show that this lipid can be readily taken up by dendritic cells without toxic side effects, and that it can subsequently be visualised using an inverse electron‐demand Diels–Alder reaction with quenched tetrazine‐fluorophore conjugates. In addition, the lipid can be used to identify changes in protein oleoylation after immune cell activation. Finally, this reaction can be integrated into a multiplexed bioorthogonal reaction workflow by combining it with two sequential copper‐catalysed Huisgen ligation reactions. This allows for the study of multiple biomolecules in the cell simultaneously by multimodal confocal imaging.
Synthesis and characterization of bio‐based poly(ethylene 2,5‐furandicarboxylate)‐b‐poly(butylene adipate‐co‐terephthalate) copolymers
Authors: Zhang Wei , Wang Qingyin , Wang Gongying , Liu Shaoying 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe block copolymers PEF/PBAT were synthesized by copolymerizing ethylene 2,5‐furandicarboxylate (EF) with totally biodegradable poly (butylene adipate‐co‐terephthalate) (PBAT). The copolymers' molecular chain structure, thermal properties, thermal stability, and mechanical properties were investigated, and the toughening mechanism was preliminarily studied via the micromorphology. The results revealed that the prepared block copolymers were amorphous, the thermal stability of PEF was improved, while the glass transition temperature decreased with the increase of PBAT content. PBAT was enhancing the tensile strength and elongation at break of PEF simultaneously. When the PBAT content was 25% (PEF/PBAT‐25), the brittle‐ductile transition occurred, with the tensile strength, Young's modulus and elongation at break of 72 MPa, 3210 MPa and 287%, respectively. The copolymers have broad application in the field of packaging materials.
Drug re‐engineering and repurposing: A significant and rapid approach to tuberculosis drug discovery
Authors: Reddy Dinesh S. , Sinha Anamika , Kumar Amit , Saini Vipin K. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe prevalence of tuberculosis (TB) remains the leading cause of death from a single infectious agent, ranking it above all other contagious diseases. The problem to tackle this disease seems to become even worse due to the outbreak of SARS‐CoV‐2. Further, the complications related to drug‐resistant TB, prolonged treatment regimens, and synergy between TB and HIV are significant drawbacks. There are several drugs to treat TB, but there is still no rapid and accurate treatment available. Intensive research is, therefore, necessary to discover newer molecular analogs that can probably eliminate this disease within a short span. An increase in efficacy can be achieved through re‐engineering old TB‐drug families and repurposing known drugs. These two approaches have led to the production of newer classes of compounds with novel mechanisms to treat multidrug‐resistant strains. With respect to this context, we discuss structural aspects of developing new anti‐TB drugs as well as examine advances in TB drug discovery. It was found that the fluoroquinolone, oxazolidinone, and nitroimidazole classes of compounds have greater potential to be further explored for TB drug development. Most of the TB drug candidates in the clinical phase are modified versions of these classes of compounds. Therefore, here we anticipate that modification or repurposing of these classes of compounds has a higher probability to reach the clinical phase of drug development. The information provided will pave the way for researchers to design and identify newer molecular analogs for TB drug development and also broaden the scope of exploring future‐generation potent, yet safer anti‐TB drugs.
Recent Advances of Natural Polysaccharide‐based Double‐network Hydrogels for Tissue Repair
Authors: Wang Hufei , Wang Xing , Wu Decheng 
Published: July 2022

AbstractNatural polysaccharide hydrogels have been extensively explored for many years due to their outstanding biocompatibility and biodegradability, which are very promising candidates as artificial soft materials for biomedical applications. However, their inferior mechanical performances greatly limited their applications. Introduction of double‐network (DN) structure has been well documented to be an efficient strategy for significant improvement of the mechanical property of hydrogels. Here, recent progress of natural polysaccharide‐based DN hydrogels is reviewed from the perspective of fundamental concepts on both design rationale and preparation strategies to biomedical application in tissue repair. Retrospect of the DN‐strengthened polysaccharide hydrogels can give a deep insight into the fundamental relationship of such bio‐based hydrogels among structural design, mechanical properties and practical demands, thereby prompting their translation to clinical application prospects.