bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
BSRM Steel, Bangladesh: growing from building safety to caring hearts
Authors: Absar Mir Mohammed Nurul , Akhter Sadia , Srivastava Ritu 
Published: May 2022

Learning outcomes
This case study discussion will enable students to: • Understand and evaluate the steel industry’s nature, opportunities, threats and challenges in an emerging market such as Bangladesh.• Review the techniques used to analyse competition and attractiveness of an industry using Porter’s five forces model. • Identify the corporate-level strategic decisions that can impact the survival and growth of a single business/product company in a highly competitive market. • Evaluate amongst different types of corporate-level growth strategies and their appropriate applications. • Synthesise various internal, industry and market-related information into the selection and justification of any particular corporate-level growth strategy.

Case overview/synopsis
BSRM group established Bangladesh’s first-ever steel mill in 1952. For around 70 years, BSRM had been leading the steel industry of Bangladesh with a single product – long steel. Over the recent decade (2010–2020), Bangladesh had been one of the world’'s fastest-growing economies. As the economic development was closely tied with the consumption of steel products, per capita steel consumption in Bangladesh became more than double. Moving from 24 kg in 2010, per capita steel consumption became 55 kg in 2021. Industry experts predicted the per capita steel consumption to be 75 kg by 2024, indicating an enormous scope for the steel industry to grow. Moreover, the industry’s growth momentum was predicted to continue until the nation became a developed one in 2041. This growth momentum kept attracting new competitors to this business. Nevertheless, BSRM maintained the market leadership by dint of its first mover’s advantage, superior quality, branding, innovation and large-scale operations and ultimately accumulated substantial free cash flow over the years. Now, Aameir Alihussain, the Managing Director and CEO of BSRM, was concerned about managing the growth of his business. Would BSRM continue to concentrate on producing steel and building forte by the backward and forward integration of the value chain? Or should the firm opt for some related diversification? Alternatively, was it the right time for BSRM to consider opportunities for unrelated diversification? While opportunities were many, the amount for investment was limited. Thus, Alihussain was in a dilemma pursuing the right corporate-level growth strategy for the overall sustainability of his business in the long run.

Complexity academic level
This case can be taught in the corporate-level strategy chapter of a core course on strategic management at the undergraduate programs. This case would facilitate students to comprehend the context of corporate-level strategies in managing the growth of a business in an emerging market.

Supplementary materials
Teaching Notes are available for educators only.

Subject code
CSS 11: Strategy.
Editorial: Opportunities in the new service marketplace
Authors: Russell-Bennett Rebekah , Rosenbaum Mark S. 
Published: May 2022

Purpose
This paper aims to identify the opportunities in the service marketplace that have arisen because of the changes brought about by the global pandemic (COVID-19).

Design/methodology/approach
A conceptual methodological approach is used to analyze trends in the history of service research and discuss how articles presented in this issue help scholars and practitioners with planning for opportunities and confronting challenges in the new (post COVID-19) service marketplace.

Findings
This special issue puts forth six viewpoints and seven research articles that outline opportunities in the new service marketplace from regional and global perspectives. Further, the research articles presented in this issue identify four opportunities for managers to consider when designing services in the new service marketplace; these are labeled as reassurance and fear reduction, rethinking physical space and supply chains for multichannel service delivery, the rise of local and community importance and resilience building to combat customer discourtesy.

Practical implications
Managers can understand how the pandemic has profoundly and permanently impacted consumers’ perceptions and expectations for service delivery and processes.

Originality/value
This work presents scholars with a historical overview of trends in service research. The challenges posed by the pandemic represent the beginning of a new era in service research thought and practice as many previously held theories and understandings of consumers’ marketplace behaviors have permanently changed because of behavioral changes that transpired during governmental mandated lockdowns.
Do international investors care about ESG news?
Authors: de Vincentiis Paola 
Published: May 2022

Purpose
Motivated by the increasing momentum of environmental, social and governance (ESG) investing, this research aims to test the impact of ESG-related news on stock returns, comparing different geographical areas to check whether the cultural background makes any difference.

Design/methodology/approach
Using a classic event–study methodology, this study measures extra returns following the broadcast of positive or negative ordinary news concerning ESG issues using a panel of major international companies located in Europe, North America and the Asia-Pacific (APAC) region.

Findings
ESG news are interpreted differently in different geographical areas. In Europe, bad news matter more than good news and produce a negative price impact. In the USA, a mirror picture emerges: good news matter more than bad news and produce a negative price impact. In the APAC area, ESG news are no news and are not correlated to significant extra returns. This study also shows that ESG reputation plays an important role and affects the impact of news on equity returns.

Practical implications
Both managers and equity investors need to be aware of the potential magnitude and direction of stock market’s reactions to news concerning ESG matters, taking also into consideration the location of the firm and the moderating effect of ESG reputation. Sustainability cannot be ignored anymore and need to be included into information data set and decision-making processes.

Originality/value
This study adds to the current literature insights on how ESG-related news impact in different geographical contexts. This study finds that news of similar tone may produce divergent effect on stock returns according to the prevailing cultural and economic interpretation of sustainability investments.
Kinks in the hosepipe: a case study of managing gender equality in an SME
Authors: Saieva Gillian , Smith Simon M. , Butler Steve 
Published: May 2022

Purpose
This paper aims to explore the real-life examples made by a single small and medium-sized enterprise to address organisational inequalities and develop a more inclusive culture.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper considers the approach taken by Punter Southall Aspire to manage their gender balance through a case study of documents, policies and interviews.

Findings
There is still plenty of work to do, but the multiple actions taken by the leadership have been positive, well-received and importantly progressive. By taking a focused approach to manage gender equality within an small and medium-sized enterprise, the outcome has been far reaching.

Originality/value
By showcasing the leadership and positive action within a single small and medium-sized enterprise, the authors hope other organisations are able to take inspiration to make their own changes.
Haus Liebe brothel: ethical decision-making in a foreign culture
Authors: Spain Everett S.P. , Young Lissa V. , Lemler Russell P. 
Published: May 2022

Theoretical basis
The authors believe the theoretical foundations for this case study lie in the following two disciplines, primarily, but could be expanded to religion and organizational culture:i. Ethical decision-makingii. Cross-cultural competenceiii. Leadership

Research methodology
This is an actual case, and the fact pattern and timeline occurred as depicted. The first author is the protagonist, Lieutenant Colonel (LTC) Shawn Browning. The names of case characters have been disguised. The second and third authors are colleagues of the first author. This case was tested in three undergraduate organizational behavior and leadership classes at the United States Military Academy at West Point.

Case overview/synopsis
This disguised case follows US Army Officer LTC Shawn Browning, leader of a prominent US Army base located in Germany. As the commander of US Army Garrison Schweinfurt, LTC Browning was responsible for the health and welfare of 10,000 residents, including soldiers, family members and civilian employees. A community member lodged a complaint against a brothel named Haus One (a legal establishment under German law) located adjacent to the base and near family housing and the base elementary school. LTC Browning had the authority to render the brothel off-limits to US personnel, and he took the necessary steps prior to rendering a decision, including the appointment of a review board to investigate the situation and provide a recommendation. The board recommended not placing Haus One off-limits. The case focuses on LTC Browning’s values and his desire to ensure the welfare of his community while adhering to local legal and cultural norms. Cross-cultural and ethical issues surface throughout the case, which concludes with LTC Browning’s pondering of how to make a final decision.

Complexity academic level
The authors believe this is targeted at undergraduate students with some background in ethical decision-making, organizational culture and cross-cultural competence.
Exposure and susceptibility: The Twin Pillars of infection
Authors: Sweeny Amy R. , Albery Gregory F. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Exposure and susceptibility underlie every organism's infection status, and an untold diversity of factors can drive variation in both. Often, both exposure and susceptibility change in response to a given factor, and they can interact, such that their relative contributions to observed disease dynamics are obscured. These independent and interlinked changes often complicate empirical inference in disease ecology and ecoimmunology.

Although many disease ecology studies address this problem, it is often implicit rather than explicit and requires a specific set of tools to tackle. Moreover, as yet, there is no established conceptual framework for disentangling susceptibility and exposure processes.

Here, we consolidate previous theory and empirical understanding regarding the entwined effects of susceptibility and exposure, which we refer to as ‘the Twin Pillar Problem’. We provide a framework for conceptualising exposure–susceptibility interactions, where they obscure, confound, induce or counteract one another, providing some well‐known examples for each complicating mechanism.

We synthesise guidelines for anticipating and controlling for covariance between exposure and susceptibility, and we detail statistical and operational methodology that researchers have employed to deal with them. Finally, we discuss novel emerging frontiers in their study in ecology, and their potential for further integration in the fields of wildlife and human health.

Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
Irreconciliation as practice: resisting impunity and closure in Argentina
Authors: Vaisman Noa 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn Argentina, irreconciliation is created through everyday practices of vigilance against closure and collective struggles against impunity. In this essay, I show how over several decades since the fall of the dictatorial regime (1976‐83), human rights activists and laypeople have devised ways to keep the past alive while attending to injustices through embodied collective engagements with the country's history and its legacies. By examining large protests, the everyday experiences of impunity, and a filmic exploration of kinship bonds and their entanglement with civilian complicity in the repression, the essay illustrates the ways in which irreconciliation is materialized and enacted as a form of social reconstruction many years after state terrorism.
Radio frequency pasteurization and heating uniformity of canned pineapple
Authors: Wang Yequn , Hou Quan , Zhang Erpan , Chen Yanmei , Chen Xiangwei , Wang Yunyang 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis research investigated heating uniformity and pasteurization of canned pineapple using radio frequency (RF) energy. Experiments were conducted in a 6 kW, 27.12 MHz pilot‐scale RF system. Results showed that the temperature difference was more than 16°C, and the standard deviation was 4.38°C at the end of heating when using RF heating alone. Water bath‐assisted RF (WRF) heating effectively improved the heating uniformity, the temperature difference was less than 7°C and the standard deviation was 2.52°C at the end of heating in the condition of electrode gap (210 mm), chord length of the fruit block (26 mm), and the initial temperature of sugar solution (80°C). When the total number of colonies reached 4‐log reduction, water bath (WB) heating alone needed 660 s, and WRF heating needed 180 s. Vitamin C, hardness, and color of fruit blocks were well preserved using WRF heating compared with WB alone.Practical ApplicationThis study shows that the pasteurization of canned food by radio frequency heating can achieve better food quality than the traditional pasteurization methods. Therefore, this research can promote the application of radio frequency heating technology in canned food pasteurization.
Morphometric analysis of the red fox molar teeth in Lithuania
Authors: Jurgelėnas Eugenijus , Jasinevičiūtė Indrė , Kerzienė Sigita , Daugnora Linas 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe objective of the study was to investigate the lengths and widths of maxillary (P4, M1 and M2) and mandibular (M1, M2 and M3) molar teeth, lengths of dental rows and dental features of sexual dimorphism in the red fox. The correlation analysis between teeth measurements and dental row length was included too. The osteometric analysis was performed by the A. von den Driesch (1976) method. A total of 230 skulls and mandibles were investigated (n = 230): 113 males (n = 113) and 117 females (n = 117). The findings of the research revealed that most dimensions are higher in males compared with females (p < 0.001). Contrarily, Wilks' Lambda analysis showed results in the interval from 0.821 to 1, which leads to the conclusion that a teeth measurement study is unreliable to determine the sex of the red fox. The trustworthy measurements were the length of the whole dental arcade in the maxilla and mandible (UDR and LDR); Wilks' Lambda UDR = 0.860; LDR = 0.821; p < 0.001). Evaluation of the correlation between measurements revealed that results vary from very weak (0.047) to moderate strength (0.543). There were no strongly correlating measurements found. The correlation between the upper and lower molars with the length of the teeth arcade is quite weak, and only solitary measurements (M2, L and B) had a weak correlation.
A ‘plethora of services’ but a lack of consistency: A qualitative study of service providers' perspectives about transitioning from hospital to home for older South Australians
Authors: Rupa Jesmin , Laver Kate , Harvey Gillian , McNamara Carmel , Crotty Maria , Lynch Elizabeth A. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractObjectiveWe explored the perspectives of professionals working in health and aged care services in South Australia about factors that influenced successful transitions from hospital to home or residential aged care home for older people. We examined successful and recommended strategies that could support safe transitions following hospital discharge and reduce avoidable hospital admissions in South Australia.MethodsNineteen professionals from acute, post‐acute, primary, community and aged care settings in South Australia participated in semi‐structured interviews. Qualitative content analysis was conducted.ResultsParticipants reported that navigating service provision could be difficult, compounded by different funding arrangements for hospitals, community, primary care and aged care services. Some participants felt that there was an over‐reliance on the hospital sector, leaving primary care and community‐based services under‐utilised to support hospital transitions. The importance of good communication between services and sectors was highlighted. Participants described different categories of services that supported safe transitions by supporting older people immediately post‐discharge; services that provided support to stay at home in the weeks and months following discharge; and services that helped the person receive health care at locations other than hospitals or emergency departments when they were unwell. Participants noted that successful programs were not always maintained.ConclusionsDivision of responsibility of aged and health‐care services between state and national governance contributes to fragmentation of care in South Australia. Careful planning of transitions and coordination of services across sectors is required to ensure older people are supported in the months following discharge from hospital to reduce avoidable rehospitalisations.
A comprehensive assessment of statin discontinuation among patients who concurrently initiate statins and CYP3A4‐inhibitor drugs; a multistate transition model
Authors: Donneyong Macarius M. , Zhu Yuxi , Zhang Pengyue , Li Yiting , Hunold Katherine M. , Chiang ChienWei , Unroe Kathleen , Caterino Jeffrey M. , Li Lang 
Published: May 2022

AimsThe aim of this study was to describe the 1‐year direct and indirect transition probabilities to premature discontinuation of statin therapy after concurrently initiating statins and CYP3A4‐inhibitor drugs.MethodsA retrospective new‐user cohort study design was used to identify (N = 160 828) patients who concurrently initiated CYP3A4 inhibitors (diltiazem, ketoconazole, clarithromycin, others) and CYP3A4‐metabolized statins (statin DDI exposed, n = 104 774) vs. other statins (unexposed to statin DDI, n = 56 054) from the MarketScan commercial claims database (2012–2017). The statin DDI exposed and unexposed groups were matched (2:1) through propensity score matching techniques. We applied a multistate transition model to compare the 1‐year transition probabilities involving four distinct states (start, adverse drug events [ADEs], discontinuation of CYP3A4‐inhibitor drugs, and discontinuation of statin therapy) between those exposed to statin DDIs vs. those unexposed. Statistically significant differences were assessed by comparing the 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of probabilities.ResultsAfter concurrently starting stains and CYP3A, patients exposed to statin DDIs, vs. unexposed, were significantly less likely to discontinue statin therapy (71.4% [95% CI: 71.1, 71.6] vs. 73.3% [95% CI: 72.9, 73.6]) but more likely to experience an ADE (3.4% [95% CI: 3.3, 3.5] vs. 3.2% [95% CI: 3.1, 3.3]) and discontinue with CYP3A4‐inhibitor therapy (21.0% [95% CI: 20.8, 21.3] vs. 19.5% [95% CI: 19.2, 19.8]). ADEs did not change these associations because those exposed to statin DDIs, vs. unexposed, were still less likely to discontinue statin therapy but more likely to discontinue CYP3A4‐inhibitor therapy after experiencing an ADE.ConclusionWe did not observe any meaningful clinical differences in the probability of premature statin discontinuation between statin users exposed to statin DDIs and those unexposed.
Dehumanization through humour and conspiracies in online hate towards Chinese people during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Sakki Inari , Castrén Laura 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSince the beginning of the COVID‐19 pandemic, there have been widespread conversations about the origins of the virus and who to blame for it. This article focuses on the online hate directed at Chinese and Asian people during the pandemic. Taking a critical discursive psychological approach, we analysed seven online threads related to COVID‐19 and China from two Finnish websites (Suomi24 and Ylilauta) and one US (8kun) site. We identified three discursive trends associated with dehumanising Chinese populations: ‘monstrous Chinese’, ‘immoral Chinese’ and ‘China as a threat’, which created different forms of dehumanisation on a continuum from harsher dehumanisation to milder depersonalisation. The animalistic metaphors, coarse language, humorous frames and conspiracy beliefs worked to rhetorically justify the dehumanisation of Chinese individuals, making it more acceptable to portray them as a homogeneous and inhumane mass of people that deserves to be attacked. This study contributes to the field of discursive research on dehumanisation by deepening our knowledge of the specific features of Sinophobic hate speech.
Learning by doing, organizational forgetting, and the business cycle
Authors: Bongers Anelí 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis paper supplements a learning‐by‐doing real business cycle model with endogenous organizational forgetting. Empirical evidence shows that the accumulated experience decay rate is not constant over the business cycle, but that forgetting is a function of economic activity. Learning reinforces the effects of productivity shocks, and organizational forgetting exacerbates their impact and increases their persistence. This is of particular interest when a negative productivity shock hits the economy, as the increasing speed of forgetting aggravates the negative shock and delays recovery.
Detecting illegal maritime activities from anomalous multiscale fleet behaviours
Authors: Watson James R. , Woodill A. John 
Published: May 2022

AbstractTo achieve sustainable use of our oceans globally, our ability to detect and even predict illegal maritime activities must improve. The challenge is that most vessels that commit illegal acts will not transmit their location and are in effect unobservable to enforcement agencies. To overcome this challenge, we have developed a method for inferring the location and timing of illegal maritime activities inspired by complex systems theory: by monitoring the multiscale spatial behaviour of those vessels that we can observe, we are able to monitor for anomalous spatial patterns that could be associated with the presence of illegal activities (committed by an unobserved vessel). These spatial anomalies are represented as distortions in the ‘shape’ or multiscale spatial organization of fleets, which can be quantified using methods from information theory. To explore this approach, we developed a spatially explicit agent‐based model of fishing vessels, where we examined the utility of several multiscale spatial anomaly indexes. We then examined the performance of these indexes in a real‐world test‐case, with a focus on illegal events that occurred on the Patagonia Shelf. Our results suggest that this method offers insight into the location and timing of illegal activities at sea, and consequently offers a promising tool for helping to improve the security and sustainability of our oceans.