bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel lipidic peptide with potential to promote balanced effector-regulatory T cell responses
Authors: Agrez Michael , Rzepecka Justyna , Turner Darryl , Knox Gavin , Chandler Christopher , Howard Christopher B. , Fletcher Nicholas , Thurecht Kristofer , Parker Stephen , Gooding Hayley , Gallagher Laura 
Published: July 2022

AbstractT cell-dendritic cell (DC) interactions contribute to reciprocal stimulation leading to DC maturation that results in production of interleukin-12 (IL-12) and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ). Both cytokines have been implicated in autoimmune diseases while being necessary for effective immune responses against foreign antigens. We describe a lipidic peptide,designated IK14004, that modifies crosstalk between T cells and DCs resulting in suppression of IL-12p40/IFN-γ production. T cell production of interleukin-2 (IL-2) and IFN-γ is uncoupled and IL-12p70 production is enhanced. IK14004 induces expression of activating co-receptors in CD8+ T cells and increases the proportion of Foxp3-expressing CD4+ T regulatory cells. The potential for IK14004 to impact on signalling pathways required to achieve a balanced immune response upon stimulation of DCs and T cells is highlighted. This novel compound provides an opportunity to gain further insights into the complexity of T cell-DC interactions relevant to autoimmunity associated with malignancies and may have therapeutic benefit.
Monovalent ions and stress-induced senescence in human mesenchymal endometrial stem/stromal cells
Authors: Shatrova Alla , Burova Elena , Pugovkina Natalja , Domnina Alisa , Nikolsky Nikolaj , Marakhova Irina 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMonovalent ions are involved in growth, proliferation, differentiation of cells as well as in their death. This work concerns the ion homeostasis during senescence induction in human mesenchymal endometrium stem/stromal cells (hMESCs): hMESCs subjected to oxidative stress (sublethal pulse of H2O2) enter the premature senescence accompanied by persistent DNA damage, irreversible cell cycle arrest, increased expression of the cell cycle inhibitors (p53, p21) cell hypertrophy, enhanced β-galactosidase activity. Using flame photometry to estimate K+, Na+content and Rb+(K+) fluxes we found that during the senescence development in stress-induced hMESCs, Na+/K+pump-mediated K+fluxes are enhanced due to the increased Na+content in senescent cells, while ouabain-resistant K+fluxes remain unchanged. Senescence progression is accompanied by a peculiar decrease in the K+content in cells from 800–900 to 500–600 µmol/g. Since cardiac glycosides are offered as selective agents for eliminating senescent cells, we investigated the effect of ouabain on ion homeostasis and viability of hMESCs and found that in both proliferating and senescent hMESCs, ouabain (1 nM–1 µM) inhibited pump-mediated K+transport (ID505 × 10–8 M), decreased cell K+/Na+ratio to 0.1–0.2, however did not induce apoptosis. Comparison of the effect of ouabain on hMESCs with the literature data on the selective cytotoxic effect of cardiac glycosides on senescent or cancer cells suggests the ion pump blockade and intracellular K+depletion should be synergized with target apoptotic signal to induce the cell death.
Extracellular vesicles deliver sodium iodide symporter protein and promote cancer cell radioiodine therapy
Authors: Lee Jin Hee , Jung Kyung-Ho , Mina Kim , Lee Kyung-Han 
Published: July 2022

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) are a promising carrier for various cargos with antitumor effects, but their capacity to transfer the ability to transport radioiodine for cancer theranostics remains unexplored. Herein, we tested the hypothesis that EVs can be loaded with the sodium iodide symporter (NIS) protein and efficiently deliver the payload to recipient cancer cells to facilitate radioiodine uptake. The results revealed that donor cells either transduced with an adenoviral vector for transient expression or engineered for stable overexpression secreted EVs that contained substantial amounts of NIS protein but not NIS mRNA. Huh7 liver cancer cells treated with EVs secreted from each of the donor cell types showed significantly increased plasma membrane NIS protein, indicating efficient payload delivery. Furthermore, intact function of the delivered NIS protein was confirmed by significantly increased radioiodine transport in recipient cancer cells that peaked at 48 h. Importantly, NIS protein delivered by EVs significantly enhanced the antitumor effects of 131I radiotherapy. These results reveal that EVs are a promising vehicle to deliver NIS protein to cancer cells in sufficient amounts for radioiodine-based theranostics.
Functional cargos of exosomes derived from Flk-1+ vascular progenitors enable neurulation and ameliorate embryonic anomalies in diabetic pregnancy
Authors: Cao Songying , Wu Yanqing , Albert Reece E. , Xu Cheng , Shen Wei-Bin , Kaushal Sunjay , Yang Peixin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractVarious types of progenitors initiate individual organ formation and their crosstalk orchestrates morphogenesis for the entire embryo. Here we show that progenitor exosomal communication across embryonic organs occurs in normal development and is altered in embryos of diabetic pregnancy. Endoderm fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) stimulates mesoderm Flk-1+ vascular progenitors to produce exosomes containing the anti-stress protein Survivin. These exosomes act on neural stem cells of the neuroepithelium to facilitate neurulation by inhibiting cellular stress and apoptosis. Maternal diabetes causes Flk-1+ progenitor dysfunction by suppressing FGF2 through DNA hypermethylation. Restoring endoderm FGF2 prevents diabetes-induced survivin reduction in Flk-1+ progenitor exosomes. Transgenic Survivin expression in Flk-1+ progenitors or in utero delivery of survivin-enriched exosomes restores cellular homeostasis and prevents diabetes-induced neural tube defects (NTDs), whereas inhibiting exosome production induces NTDs. Thus, functional inter-organ communication via Flk-1 exosomes is vital for neurulation and its disruption leads to embryonic anomalies.
Convective inhibition with an ocean
Authors: Markham S. , Guillot T. , Stevenson D. 
Published: July 2022

Aims.In this work we generalize the notion of convective inhibition to apply it to cases where there is an infinite reservoir of condensible species (i.e., an ocean). We propose a new model for the internal structure and thermal evolution of super-Earths with hydrogen envelopes.Methods.We derive the criterion for convective inhibition in a generalized phase mixture from first principles thermodynamics. We then investigate the global ocean case using a water-hydrogen system, for which we have data, as an example. After illustrating the relevant thermodynamics, we extend our arguments to apply to a system of hydrogen and silicate vapor. We then employ a simple atmospheric model to apply our findings to super-Earths and to make predictions about their internal structures and thermal evolution.Results.For hydrogen envelope masses roughly in the range 10−3−10−1M⊕, convective contact between the envelope and core may shut down because of the compositional gradient that arises from silicate partial vaporization. For envelope hydrogen masses that cause the associated basal pressure to exceed the critical pressure of pure silicate (on the order of a couple kilobars), the base of that envelope and the top of the core lie on the critical line of the two-phase hydrogen-silicate phase diagram. The corresponding temperature is much higher than convective models would suggest. The core is then “supercritical” in the sense that the temperature exceeds the critical temperature for pure silicate. The core then cools inefficiently, with intrinsic heat fluxes potentially comparable to the Earth’s internal heat flux today.Conclusions.This low heat flux may allow the core to remain in a high entropy supercritical state for billions of years, but the details of this depend on the nature of the two-component phase diagram at high pressure, something that is currently unknown. A supercritical core thermodynamically permits the dissolution of large quantities of hydrogen into the core.
Psychische Belastung und ihre Folgen für die Krankheitskosten
– eine Längsschnittstudie in Deutschland
Authors: Bombana Manuela , Heinzel-Gutenbrunner Monika , Müller Gerhard 
Published: July 2022

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie Die Studie verfolgt das Ziel, die Effekte der psychischen
Belastung auf die Höhe und die Zusammensetzung der Krankheitskosten
(ambulante Kosten, Krankenhauskosten, Rehabilitationskosten, Arzneimittelkosten)
im Zeitverlauf zu überprüfen.
Methodik Im Längsschnittdesign untersuchten wir die psychische
Belastung von 3.287 Studienteilnehmern der erwachsenen
Allgemeinbevölkerung anhand der Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale
(HADS) und ihren Effekt auf die Höhe und die Zusammensetzung der
Krankheitskosten aufgrund von psychischen Erkrankungen im Jahr der Befragung t0
und den beiden Folgejahren [t1] {t2}.
Ergebnisse Im Vergleich zur Referenzgruppe, die keine psychischen
Belastungen aufweist, waren die Krankheitskosten in der Gruppe mit geringen
psychischen Belastungen um den Faktor 2,0 [2,2] {1,5}, bei jenen mit moderater
psychischer Belastung um den Faktor 3,7 [4,2] {3,1} und bei jenen mit schweren
psychischen Belastungen um den Faktor 7,5 [9,0] {5,2} signifikant
erhöht. Im Zeitverlauf zeigten sich signifikante Effekte auf die
Krankheitskosten nur an den beiden äußeren Rändern der
psychischen Belastungsgrade (keine und schwere psychische Belastungen) mit einer
Tendenz zur Mitte. Mit zunehmendem Grad psychischer Belastung dominierten
Krankenhauskosten die Gesamtkosten aufgrund psychischer Belastung und der Anteil
der ambulanten Krankheitskosten an den Gesamtkosten nahm ab.
Schlussfolgerung Mit dem Grad psychischer Belastung steigen die
Krankheitskosten steil an. Die Progredienz psychischer Erkrankungen zu
verhindern, ist deshalb nicht nur aus individueller, sondern auch aus
gesundheitsökonomischer Perspektive bedeutsam.
Is High-intensity Interval Training a Feasible Therapy Option in
Geriatric Rehabilitation? A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study
Authors: Krüsi Michael , Bansi Jens , Sylvester Ramona , Bachmann Stefan 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background With an increasing number of inpatients in geriatric
rehabilitation, there is continuing interest in efficient training measures
regarding physical performance.Objectives To examine the feasibility and
outcomes of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) in geriatric patients.
Methods Single-centre randomized controlled study of HIIT vs. moderate
continuous training (MCT) for patients ≥65 years old referred to
inpatient rehabilitation. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) was performed
before the first and last training in order to measure participant’s
cardiorespiratory fitness. At the same time-points patients completed a series
of questionnaires regarding subjective improvements and acceptance of the
training methods.
Results Regarding feasibility, HIIT showed a completion rate of
82.4% and an adherence rate of completed sessions of 83.3%. HIIT
significantly improved cardiorespiratory fitness (+13% for
VO2peak, p=0.01), respiratory quotient (+9%,
p=0.01) and power output (+12% for Watt peak,
p=0.01) compared with MCT. Significant improvements were also seen over
time for physical and mental scores of PROMIS-10 and quality of life.
Conclusion A HIIT intervention has proven feasible for elderly patients in
a geriatric rehabilitative setting. Further research should specify the HIIT
intervention in order to offer this training to more patients. Long-term
observations are also needed.
Real-time visualization of mRNA synthesis during memory formation in live mice
Authors: Lee Byung Hun , Shim Jae Youn , Moon Hyungseok C. , Kim Dong Wook , Kim Jiwon , Yook Jang Soo , Kim Jinhyun , Park Hye Yoon 
Published: July 2022

Memories are thought to be encoded in populations of neurons called memory trace or engram cells. However, little is known about the dynamics of these cells because of the difficulty in real-time monitoring of them over long periods of time in vivo. To overcome this limitation, we present a genetically encoded RNA indicator (GERI) mouse for intravital chronic imaging of endogenous
Arc
messenger RNA (mRNA)—a popular marker for memory trace cells. We used our GERI to identify
Arc
-positive neurons in real time without the delay associated with reporter protein expression in conventional approaches. We found that the
Arc
-positive neuronal populations rapidly turned over within 2 d in the hippocampal CA1 region, whereas ∼4% of neurons in the retrosplenial cortex consistently expressed
Arc
following contextual fear conditioning and repeated memory retrievals. Dual imaging of GERI and a calcium indicator in CA1 of mice navigating a virtual reality environment revealed that only the population of neurons expressing
Arc
during both encoding and retrieval exhibited relatively high calcium activity in a context-specific manner. This in vivo RNA-imaging approach opens the possibility of unraveling the dynamics of the neuronal population underlying various learning and memory processes.
A multimodal approach to reformulation
Authors: Meurant Laurence , Sinte Aurélie , Gabarró-López Sílvia 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Reformulation is remarkably frequent in discourse and has been the subject of much work in spoken languages, both on written and oral data. Because of its metalinguistic nature, combined with its general aim of clarifying an expression, the act of reformulation offers a window to the way speakers process and adjust their expression in discourse. However, to date, the study of reformulation has hardly taken into account the now increasingly recognized multimodal and semiotically composite nature of language. This study aims to revisit the notion of reformulation from a multimodal perspective by comparing the use and semiotic composition of reformulations in the discourse of speakers and signers, as well as in the productions of interpreters. In doing so, we lay the foundations for a comparative study of discourse in signed and spoken language that accounts for the multimodality and semiotic complexity of language practices in different human ecologies.
Real-time tracking of source movement by Cherenkov emission imaging for high-dose-rate brachytherapy
Authors: Yogo K. , Tatsuno Y. , Shimo T. , Noguchi Y. , Okudaira K. , Nozawa M. , Ishiyama H. , Yasuda H. , Oguchi H. , Yamamoto S. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Quality assurance (QA) of the source movement is essential
for ensuring the safe delivery of high-dose-rate (HDR)
brachytherapy. Here, we proposed a simple and effective method for
real-time tracking of the source movement in high-dose-rate
brachytherapy based on Cherenkov emission imaging. The Cherenkov
light emitted from water irradiated by 192Ir-source
γ-rays was captured using a high-sensitivity video
camera. The source positions and dwell intervals were determined
from the light images and compared with the preset values. The
source dwell times and transit speeds were measured from the time
course of the source positions. The brightness profiles were
compared with the dose distributions provided by the treatment
planning system. The source movements were visualized in real time
as a movie of Cherenkov light emissions. The source positional
intervals measured from the Cherenkov emission images agreed well to
the preset values within 0.3 mm. The source dwell times were
comparable to the preset values within 0.2 s, and the transit
speeds were similar to those of previous reports. The brightness
distributions agreed with the dose distributions within
approximately 40%, except near the source center. The proposed
Cherenkov method has good potential for tracking the source movement
in real time in brachytherapy, as it could enable simultaneous
measurements of the source positions, dwell times, and dose
distributions.
A Study on the Influence of Vegetation Growth on Slope Stability
Authors: Naredla Pooja , Sangeetha S 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Vegetation plays a major role in terms of slope stability. Roots of grass and trees can increase the strength properties of soil which improves the stability of slope. A natural slope consists of grass and infinite number of trees inclined in different directions along with inclined roots. The aim of the paper is to study the effects of vegetation growth on slope stability for different root reinforced soil depth by varying tree inclination (along with roots), root spread and tree spacing for different slope geometry. The study involves determination of safety factor (FOS) of natural slope existing with and without vegetation growth (such as only grass, grass and trees). GeoStudio Slope/w software with limit equilibrium method was used for stability analysis of different slope inclinations. A tree was modelled as a point load and its roots were represented as reinforced soil properties with anchors and only as root reinforced soil. When compared to the bare slope, it was observed that there was an increase in FOS of slope on both the models of vegetation. Variations in FOS by varying root reinforced soil depth, tree inclinations and spacings were reported for different slope geometry and compared. Considering all these parameters, an empirical corelation for computation of vegetation influenced FOS has been developed. This study provides a mechanical accountability of vegetation cover on the stability of slopes.
Impact of COVID-19 Lockdown on the Risk of Breast Cancer: A Case Study
Authors: Sharma Akriti , Hooda Nishtha , Gupta Nidhi Rani , Sharma Renu 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Air pollution is among the world’s major environmental concerns. It remains a major health threat in India and is the leading environmental cause of morbidity in the country. There is considerable evidence that heavy and prolonged exposure to several air contaminants increases the cancer risk. The prevalence of breast cancer in citified environments with high exposure to air pollution has been seen to be elevated. Among various Indian cities, the Delhi cancer registry is having a high breast cancer incidence (28.6%). Owing to the recent and unprecedented global outbreak of coronavirus infectious disease (COVID-19), India is exploring every possible way of controlling its vigorous human transmission. Work from home culture is adopted so as to maintain social distancing during the lockdown. This momentary stoppage is substantially reducing the level of air pollution in several city areas across India dramatically. This paper (i) Overviews the breast cancer and air pollution association; (ii) Compiles the air quality data of Delhi monitored by CPCB during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown time and compares it with pre-lockdown air quality data; (iii) Explores the reduced threat of breast cancer in Delhi during the nationwide lockdown. This work concluded that Air pollution serves a significant part in breast cancer occurrence. The countrywide lockdown in an attempt to prevent Covid-19 transmission has greatly improved the air quality of various Indian cities like Delhi. Also, with an unprecedented drop in rates of air pollution over Delhi, breast cancer occurrence may also decrease.
Life cycle cost analysis of wastewater treatment technologies
Authors: Rathore Purva , Killedar D J , Parde Divyesh , Sahare Akansha 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
With the ever-increasing population, volumes of wastewater treatment are a major concern in our country. The Activated Sludge Process (ASP), Biological Filtration and Oxygenated Reactor (BIOFOR), Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB), and Moving Bed Bio Reactor (MBBR) are all monetarily investigated in the present study using the Life Cycle Cost Assessment (LCCA) tool. In this study, life cycle costing is done using the present value method, which involves discounting the costs for a 20-year economic life. The costs of treating wastewater per million litres per day (MLD) of wastewater treatment technology are obtained from the literature. Moreover, this study takes into account the capital, annual operation, energy, salvage, and replacement costs to compare the life cycle costs of ASP, UASB, BIOFOR, and MBBR to make the best guess of an economical technology. The LCCA demonstrates that the MBBR has the highest costs of treatment, resulting in the highest Life Cycle Cost (LCC). BIOFOR has the largest energy requirement making LCC the second-highest among the technologies. In India, ASP is one of the most widely used technologies, whose LCC is the third most advanced of the four technologies. Because of its lower energy and operating costs, UASB has the lowest LCC.
Petrology and geochemistry of Charnockite patches and host Leptynites from Digapahandi area, EGB: Evidence for incipient growth of Charnockites
Authors: Misra Sagar , Mishra Varun Kumar , Tiwari Rabindra Nath , Vishwakarma Neeraj 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Occurrences of the small, elongated, irregular shape of charnockite patches along the foliation planes of the leptynites in Digapahandi area, Ganjam district, Odisha of Eastern Ghats Belt (EGB) are reported. Petrography and mineral chemistry of charnockite patches and host leptynites suggest that both the rocks have analogues mineral assemblages, except the presence of ortho-pyroxene in charnockite patches. The mineral chemistry studies revealed that mineral phases common in both rocks are chemically identical. Based on whole rocks geochemistry it is evident that both charnockite patches and host leptynites are iso-chemical. The adamellite composition, per-aluminous nature with positive Europium anomaly of host leptynite and charnockite patches suggests their co-genetic relation. Higher values of (La/Yb)N and (Gd/Lu)N of leptynites indicate the highly fractionated HREE pattern of leptynites. High concentrations of HREE in charnockite patches are due to the influence of fluid phase in granulite facies metamorphism. The charnockite patches are characterized by higher K2O content, higher HREE concentration, and less abundance of biotite indicating the in-situ growth of patchy charnockites.
Footprints of Sedimentation on Loss of Reservoir Life using Satellite Remote Sensing Technique
Authors: Jibhakate Tulshidas M. , Katpatal Yashwant B. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Reservoir is the most important water storage systems especially in areas where groundwater potential is low which can be used for domestic, irrigation as well as industrial water supply. The sedimentation which is a natural phenomenon of settling sediment particles in a reservoir is observed to be enhanced with construction of dams due to change in flow dynamics. Sedimentation in a reservoir takes place in dead storage zone as well as in live storage zone causing reduction in useful capacity of reservoir over a period of time, thereby affecting the designed water supply planning. Sedimentation in live storage zone can be estimated using Remote Sensing Technique which will gives us synoptic view of a reservoir. Present study aimed at estimating a reduction in live storage capacity with the help of satellite imageries. For this, the Totladoh Reservoir which is situated on the boundary of Maharashtra and Madhya Pradesh, India has been selected for the study. Totladoh reservoir is situated in calc gneisses type of metamorphic rocks. Green and near-infrared bands were used to calculate the Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI). The rate of siltation for Totladoh reservoir has been estimated for the period of 1982-2020 using LANDSAT 8 satellite imageries having 30 m spatial resolution. Percentage loss of live storage for year 2020 is found to be 17.63. Rate of Siltation in the reservoir is 1173 m3/km2/year which is more under prevailing conditions when compared to CWC values.