bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of aromatic plant resistance to cadmium heavymetal through analysis of growth and physiology
Authors: Sulastri Y S , Sabrina T , Mukhlis  
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Information about the resistance of aromatic plants to heavy metals is still little, so related research is needed. This study uses Factorial Block Random Design; Factor I: aromatic plant type {T1=vetiver grass, T2=citronella grass, T3=lemongrass, T4=patchouli, T5=basil}; Factor II: concentration of Cd (K0=0 ppm, K1=85 ppm, K2=170 ppm, K3=255 ppm, K4=340 ppm) where each treatment is repeated 3 times. The observed parameters are root dry weight, shoot dry weight, the substance of chlorophyll a/b, and total chlorophyll. As the results, citronella grass can be selected as candidates for cadmium heavy metal phytoremediation plants because citronella grass has root dry weight and shoot dry weight highest than the others. In addition, vetiver grass can be proposed as a means of phytoremediation because it shows growth physiology responses better under Cd pressure where the dry weight of the roots and shoots increases by 32.48% and 37.95%; total chlorophyll increases by 5.80%. Basil can also be selected because it shows growth and physiology responses better under Cd pressure where the dry weight of the roots and shoots increases by 18.90% and 97.92%; chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll increases by 4.08%, 4.36%, 5.88% respectively.
Karyotype analysis of shallot (Allium cepa L.) cultivars from Southeast Sulawesi for breeding programs and sustainable food availability
Authors: Ramadhani S A , Suaib  , Wijayanto T 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This research was motivated by the potential sources of genetic diversity of shallot cultivars, originated from several districts in Southeast Sulawesi. Sources of genetic diversity are one of the defining factors of the success of plant breeding programs to develop new cultivars with the desired traits. The purpose of this study was to identify the genetic characteristics of several shallot cultivars from Southeast Sulawesi through Karyotype Analysis. This research was conducted at the Agrotechnology Laboratory, In Vitro Unit, Agriculture Faculty, Halu Oleo University.This research used methods which were according to Carnoy I in fixating, Gertsel in hydrolysing and La Cour in staining the chromosome. The observed variables in this study were chromosome size, centromere index and chromosome shape. Data analysis was determined based on the results of chromosome length measurements using ImageJ software, Photoshop CS3 and Inkscape. The result showed Wakatobi, Konawe and Buton cultivars had different karyotype formulas, while Bombana and Bau-bau cultivars had similar karyotype formulas.
Inclusive crowdfunding scheme as capital source alternative for rural agriculture in Indonesia
Authors: Suasih N N R , Budhi M K S , Wijaya P Y 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Fundraising through crowdfunding has great potential for agriculture sector capital, considering that the agriculture sector plays an important role in the economy and public welfare. The purpose of this study is to capture the existing condition of inclusive crowdfunding in Indonesia, and also aims to develop an inclusive crowdfunding scheme as an alternative capital for the rural agriculture sector in Indonesia. The slow development and participation of the public in crowdfunding in Indonesia is allegedly due to the low level of public literacy related to crowdfunding. A survey of financial literacy and inclusion in Indonesia states that people in Indonesia have low financial literacy index. The crowdfunding scheme recommended for the rural agriculture sector in Indonesia is combination of donation and debt-based crowdfunding (prosocial lending based), where crowd-investors will provide soft loans (zero interest). Meanwhile, the debtor who receives the funds must submit the participation funds to the crowdfunding platform, where it will be returned after the soft loans are paid off (adopting cooperation). Based on the results and discussions, it is recommended to the relevant stakeholders (government, academics, and further researchers) to support and make efforts to improve public financial literacy through their respective capacities.
Strategy for the development and sustainability of sugar palm farming (Case: Juhar Tarigan Village, Juhar District, Karo Regency)
Authors: Pinem N F , Barus M B , Putra A N 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The aim of this study is to identify internal and external factors in palm farming and to determine business development strategies located in Desa Juhar Kecamatan Binanga Kabupaten Karo. The location of the study was determined deliberately based on the consideration that the area under study is one of the centres of the palm farming. The method used in this research is purposive sampling that the sampling method is based on criteria or goals (intentional). The sample of this research is the owner of the palm sugar farming Data analysis was carried out by means of descriptive analysis and SWOT analysis. The results showed that the internal factors that influence the development and sustainability of sugar palm farming in Juhar Village, Tigabinanga District, Karo Regency, namely land availability and suitable agro-climate, farmer experience, availability of labour, availability of production inputs, quality of palm sugar. External factors that influence the development and sustainability of sugar palm farming in Juhar Village, Tigabinanga District, Karo Regency, namely high sugar demand, Ease of selling production, Training from the Government, Producer Level Prices, Supporting Institutions, Transportation Facilities, Marketing Reach, Labour Skills while the development strategy and the sustainability of sugar palm farming in Juhar Village, Tigabinanga District, Karo Regency is the ST Strategy (Strengths-Threats).
Potential of landfill microbes in hydrocarbon degradation
Authors: Munir E , Lutfia A , Hartanto A , Fazri A A N , Herdiyanti C , Pratama R , Sinaga O B I , Ramadani Z A , Hasanah P 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Bioprospecting study of indigenous microbial community is still being approached especially for some microbial strains in bioremediation aspect. The objective of this study was to obtain a collection of indigenous bacterial and fungal isolates capable of growing on hydrocarbon medium. Soil samples were collected from Terjun Landfill located in Medan City, North Sumatra. Mineral salt agar medium supplemented with 10% (v/v) of hydrocarbon sources (diesel oil, pesticide, dye wastewater) was used to screen the microbial capacity in utilizing the hydrocarbon compounds as sole carbon source. Each isolate was categorized based on their growth performance or colony diameter on agar medium namely none (-), slow (+), moderate (++), and rapid (+++). The results obtained a total of 27 bacterial isolates and 6 fungal isolates. Majority of microbial isolates showed a better growth on pesticide medium than in diesel oil and dye wastewater which indicated their capability in converting the pesticide as nutrient. It is worthwhile to investigate the further application of our indigenous strains in contaminated areas in order to ensure the environmental sustainability.
Ethnobotany of plants used in traditional ceremonies in Tanjung Botung Village, North Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: Rambey R , Lubis A S J 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Indonesia is a country that has various ethnic groups and cultures. Each tribe in Indonesia has its own special series, one of which is Tanjung Botung Village which still applies local local culture in daily life. This research was conducted in the village of Tanjung Botung, North Sumatra with a qualitative method and the selection of respondents was carried out by snowball sampling. From the results of the study obtained 10 species of plants that are commonly used in traditional ceremonial activities. The plant species included Benincasa hispida, Musa paradisiaca L., Kalanchoe pinnata syn, Saccharum officinarum L., Areca catechu, Piper betle, Citrus hystrix, Imperata cylindrica, Artocarpus heterophyllus and Cocos nucifera. These species are usually planted in the yard or in the garden.
Shade tree pattern of highland coffee plantation and coffee production in Aceh Tengah, Indonesia
Authors: Samsuri  , Rizkana  , Zaitunah A , Ahmad A G 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Coffee is one commodity has high economics market that cultivated by farmer mainly in the high elevation area. The economics and ecological function of coffee plantations have to be worked in the area plantation, so formulation combination between coffee and forest tree is important. The research aimed to identify the tree species composition of a shade tree in a coffee plantation. Some plot sized 50 m x 50 m was distributed based on lands properties of farmers. Density, frequency, and tree spacing were measured to get basal area, relative density, relative frequency, and important value index. A more in-depth statistical analysis was performed using SPPS to determine the significance of the relationship between density and frequency with coffee productivity. The relationship between tree spacing planting, basal area, and shade trees’ density with Arabica coffee production is a strong enough relationship is the density variable. While the relationship between regular and disordered planting spacing variables with coffee production is strong. The relationship between basal area, density, and coffee production is very weak.
The distribution of Siombak lake sediments, a tropical tidal lake in Indonesia
Authors: Leidonald R , Harahap Z A , Muhtadi A 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Siombak Lake is one of Indonesia’s tropical tidal lakes located in Medan City, North Sumatra Province. This lake is very dynamic because the lake water level is fluctuating according to the Belawan waters’ tidal (Malacca Strait). This study aims to determine the distribution of sediments in Siombak Lake. The research was conducted from December 2018 - August 2019. The observation locations were taken at 8 points representing all depth layers. The technique used was the filtering analysis using the wet sieve method with stratified sediment filters in different diameters (4.75 mm, 1.7 mm, 250 μm, 850 μm, 150 μm). The data analyzed were weight percentage, texture type, C-organic, the content of nitrogen and phosphorus. The results of the analysis of sediment samples show that there are 3 sediment textures, namely loam, silt loam, and sandy loam. The C- Organic content in the sediments of Siombak Lake ranges from 1.73 - 5.10% at high tide and 1.91-4.40% at low tide. Nitrogen levels in the sediments range from 0.15 - 2.40% at high tide and 0.14-2.35% at low tide. Meanwhile, phosphorus levels in the sediments range between 5.95 - 19.86 ppm at high tide and 1.27-16.35 ppm at low tide.
Growth analysis and exploitation rate of Kawakawa (Euthynnus affinis) at TPI Tanjung Beringin Serdang Bedagai Regency, North Sumatera
Authors: Hasibuan J S , Wulandari S , Manurung V R 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Kawakawa is landed at TPI Tanjung Beringin, it belongs to the Scombridae family. The purpose of Kawakawa’s research is to investigate information and data such as growth analysis, mortality, and exploitation rates. The study was conducted in July-September 2021 in TPI Tanjung Beringin. Kawakawa (Eythynnus affinis) observed by the weight-length were 101 fishes with total length (TL) distribution ranged from 300-577 mm and total weight (TW) ranged from 334-3184 g. Analysis length-weight relationshis showed the growth pattern is an isometric (b = 3.0033) were analyzed with FISAT II. The results showed that asymptotic length was 579.6 mm, growth rates was 0.85/yr and estimated tmax 3.45 years. The total mortality was 1.88/yr, the natural mortality was 0.73/yr and fishing mortality was 1.15/yr. The Kawakawa’s exploitation rate is overfishing.
The willingness of beef cattle farmers to adopt vaccination from the animal health service unit in Bone regency, South Sulawesi province
Authors: Lestari V S , Rahardja D P , Sirajuddin S N 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Vaccination is one way to prevent disease transmission in livestock. This study was conducted to know the willingness of Balinese cattle farmers to adopt vaccinations from the animal health service unit. The research location was conducted in the Bone district in 2021. The number of samples was 115 farmers who were taken randomly. The primary data came in the form of characteristics of beef cattle farmers and their farms, such as gender, age, education, experience in raising livestock, family size, herd size, contact with veterinarians, and contact with extension workers. The dependent variable was the willingness to adopt vaccination which was measured by dichotomous variables: Yes, if farmers were willing to have their cattle vaccinated, and no, if farmers were not willing to have their cattle vaccinated. The data were processed using SPSS version 23 using the Logit regression model. The results showed that 47.2% of the independent variables affected the dependent variable. The remaining 52.8% was influenced by other factors outside the model. Simultaneously, the dependent variable was affected by the independent variables (P<0.05). Partially, farmers’ age, education, and family size had a significant effect (P<0.05) on whether farmers adopted vaccination from the animal husbandry service unit.
Antiprotozoal properties of potato peels and linseed oil and their effect on in vitro gas production
Authors: Huda A N , Sumitro A M , Hanifah N A , Aprodita  , Lana R B , Dja’far S M , Aprilia R M , Sabarudin A , Soetanto H 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the antiprotozoal activity of potato peels and linseed oil. The material used were complete feed, potato peel and linseed which was experimented in vitro with four treatments and one control, T0; T1 (complete feed + linseed oil 0.15%); T2 (complete feed + 0.15% potato peel); T3 (complete feed + linseed oil 0.075% + potato peel 0.075%); T4 (complete feed). The results obtained showed a significantly different (P<0.01) on protozoa defaunation, total gas and degradable Dry Matter (DM), and Organic Matter (OM). The addition of potato peel and linseed had the same defaunation effect but tended to decrease, while the total gas production and DM and OM degradability differed. The addition of 0.075% potato peel and 0.075% linseed oil in the complete feed (T3) resulted in the most efficient treatment for gas production, DM, and OM degradability value. In conclusion, the use of plant bioactive compounds as biomarkers in the manipulation of rumen fermentation needs to consider several things, especially the condition of the rumen microflora, instead of focusing on the final results of the manipulation.
The effect of milk replacer containing black soldier fly on preweaned ettawa crossbreed goats on performance and physiological response
Authors: Sepriadi S , Hanafi N D , Sadeli A 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Lack of mothering ability or motherhood in post-parents parturition to Etawa crossbreeds. Insect protein sources are expected to be one of the alternative protein as sustainable and eco-friendly raw material in the preparation of milk replacer ingredients The purpose of this study was examine effect of maggot flour utilization as milk replacer to goat performance (nutrient consumption, and average daily gain) and physiological status of kids. This research used 10 goat kids, four weeks old with 6.23 ± 0.87 kg body weight. The treatment consists of milking by commercial milk replacer (P0) and milking by milk replacer containing maggot (P1). This study used a completely randomized design. The variables observed were milk consumption, average daily gain, weaning weight, and physiological response of kids. The results showed that dry matter (DM) consumption was higher in P1 than the P0 (P<0.05). The daily weight gain in pre weaned goat fed with milk replacer containing maggot meal was not significantly different with control treatment (commercial milk replacer) (P>0.05). The physiological responses of the goats were not affected by the treatments and did not negatively affect to the physiological response of the kids.
Understanding the Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Small Businesses and Workers Using Quantitative and Qualitative Methods
Authors: Honan Jenna , Ingram Maia , Quijada Carolina , Chaires Marvin , Fimbres Jocelyn , Ornelas Catherine , Sneed Sam , Stauber Leah , Spitz Rachel , Sandoval Flor , Carvajal Scott , Billheimer Dean , Wolf Ann Marie , Beamer Paloma 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has simultaneously exacerbated and elucidated inequities in resource distribution for small businesses across the United States in terms of worker health and the financial stability of both owners and employees. This disparity was further intensified by the constantly changing and sometimes opposing health and safety guidelines and recommendations to businesses from the local, state, and federal government agencies. To better understand how the pandemic has impacted small businesses, a cross-sectional survey was administered to owners, managers, and workers (n = 45) in the beauty and auto shop sectors from Southern Arizona. The survey identified barriers to safe operation that these businesses faced during the pandemic, illuminated worker concerns about COVID-19, and elicited perceptions of how workplaces have changed since the novel coronavirus outbreak of 2019. A combination of open-ended and close-ended questions explored how businesses adapted to the moving target of pandemic safety recommendations, as well as how the pandemic affected businesses and workers more generally. Almost all the beauty salons surveyed had to close their doors (22/25), either temporarily or permanently, due to COVID-19, while most of the auto repair shops were able to stay open (13/20). Beauty salons were more likely to implement exposure controls meant to limit transmission with customers and coworkers, such as wearing face masks and disallowing walk-ins, and were also more likely to be affected by pandemic-related issues, such as reduced client load and sourcing difficulties. Auto shops, designated by the state of Arizona to be ‘essential’ businesses, were less likely to have experienced financial precarity due to the pandemic. Content analysis of open-ended questions using the social-ecological model documented current and future worker concerns, namely financial hardships from lockdowns and the long-term viability of their business, unwillingness of employees to return to work, uncertainty regarding the progression of the pandemic, conflict over suitable health and safety protocols, and personal or family health and well-being (including anxiety and/or stress). Findings from the survey indicate that small businesses did not have clear guidance from policymakers during the pandemic and that the enacted regulations and guidelines focused on either health and safety or finances, but rarely both. Businesses often improvised and made potentially life-changing decisions with little to no support. This analysis can be used to inform future pandemic preparedness plans for small businesses that are cost-efficient, effective at reducing environmental exposures, and ultimately more likely to be implemented by the workers.
Adverse Events of Soft Tissue Coagulation Using a Helium-Based Plasma Technology Alone and in Combination With Ultrasound-Assisted Liposuction
Authors: Ruff Paul G , Vanek Paul , Nykiel Matthew 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Background
Protein denaturation and collagen contraction occur when living tissue is heated to well-defined temperatures. The result is reduced volume and surface area of the heated tissue.

Objectives
To evaluate the adverse events of procedures in which a helium-based plasma technology (HPT) was used with and without ultrasound-assisted liposuction for the coagulation of soft tissue.

Methods
A multicenter retrospective chart review was performed in which patients (n = 192) were divided into 2 groups: one that received only soft tissue coagulation and the other that received both soft tissue coagulation and liposuction. Each of the 2 groups was subdivided into patients with and without adverse events, including seroma. Odds ratios for adverse events were calculated for both demographic and surgical subgroups. Seroma data were analyzed separately.

Results
No serious adverse events were observed. Forty-six (24.0%) patients reported 51 total adverse events. Seroma was the most frequently occurring adverse event with 13 patients (6.8%) reporting 17 (33.3%) events in 12 body areas. In these cases, all areas were treated with both liposuction and soft tissue coagulation. Seroma was not observed in patients receiving soft tissue coagulation alone. Patients aged 61 to 76 years and males were more likely to experience seroma or other adverse event than younger patients or females, respectively.

Conclusions
The use of the HPT for soft tissue coagulation in combination with ultrasound for liposuction is associated with nonserious adverse events. The most frequently occurring adverse event, seroma, was not observed in patients treated with HPT alone.

Level of Evidence: 3
Spatial transcriptomics prediction from histology jointly through Transformer and graph neural networks
Authors: Zeng Yuansong , Wei Zhuoyi , Yu Weijiang , Yin Rui , Yuan Yuchen , Li Bingling , Tang Zhonghui , Lu Yutong , Yang Yuedong 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The rapid development of spatial transcriptomics allows the measurement of RNA abundance at a high spatial resolution, making it possible to simultaneously profile gene expression, spatial locations of cells or spots, and the corresponding hematoxylin and eosin-stained histology images. It turns promising to predict gene expression from histology images that are relatively easy and cheap to obtain. For this purpose, several methods are devised, but they have not fully captured the internal relations of the 2D vision features or spatial dependency between spots. Here, we developed Hist2ST, a deep learning-based model to predict RNA-seq expression from histology images. Around each sequenced spot, the corresponding histology image is cropped into an image patch and fed into a convolutional module to extract 2D vision features. Meanwhile, the spatial relations with the whole image and neighbored patches are captured through Transformer and graph neural network modules, respectively. These learned features are then used to predict the gene expression by following the zero-inflated negative binomial distribution. To alleviate the impact by the small spatial transcriptomics data, a self-distillation mechanism is employed for efficient learning of the model. By comprehensive tests on cancer and normal datasets, Hist2ST was shown to outperform existing methods in terms of both gene expression prediction and spatial region identification. Further pathway analyses indicated that our model could reserve biological information. Thus, Hist2ST enables generating spatial transcriptomics data from histology images for elucidating molecular signatures of tissues.