bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of alkali treated and untreated cellulose fibers and human hair on FTIR and tensile properties for composite material applications
Authors: Kathiresan Selvakumar , Meenakshisundaram Omkumar 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn recent years, the application of natural fiber reinforced polymer composite is rapidly increasing in different parts of the world due to its light weight, low cost, availability and feasibility of easy fabrication. This article focuses on the investigation of the physical and mechanical properties of natural fibers such as human hair, Sterculia foetida, delonix regia and caryotta obtusa fibers in terms of the analysis of the suitability of reinforcement material in composites. Untreated fibers were compared with NaOH treated fibers. Compositional analysis from Fourier Transform Infra-red Spectroscopy, tensile properties such as tensile strength, tensile modulus and percentage elongation of both untreated and treated fibers are discussed in detail. The properties of these natural fibers were compared with those of other natural fibers. The scope of addition of human hair, sterculia foetida, and delonix regia and caryotta obtusa fibers as reinforcement material in polymer composites were reported.
Ginzburg algebras of triangulated surfaces and perverse schobers
Authors: Christ Merlin 
Published: February 2022

AbstractGinzburg algebras associated to triangulated surfaces provide a means to categorify the cluster algebras of these surfaces. As shown by Ivan Smith, the finite derived category of such a Ginzburg algebra can be embedded into the Fukaya category of the total space of a Lefschetz fibration over the surface. Inspired by this perspective, we provide a description of the unbounded derived category in terms of a perverse schober. The main novelty is a gluing formalism describing the Ginzburg algebra as a colimit of certain local Ginzburg algebras associated to discs. As a first application, we give a new construction of derived equivalences between these Ginzburg algebras associated to flips of an edge of the triangulation. Finally, we note that the perverse schober as well as the resulting gluing construction can also be defined over the sphere spectrum.
Large-deviation results for triangular arrays of semiexponential random variables
Authors: Klein Thierry , Lagnoux Agnès , Petit Pierre 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAsymptotics deviation probabilities of the sum
$S_n=X_1+\dots+X_n$
of independent and identically distributed real-valued random variables have been extensively investigated, in particular when
$X_1$
is not exponentially integrable. For instance, Nagaev (1969a, 1969b) formulated exact asymptotics results for
$\mathbb{P}(S_n>x_n)$
with
$x_n\to \infty$
when
$X_1$
has a semiexponential distribution. In the same setting, Brosset et al. (2020) derived deviation results at logarithmic scale with shorter proofs relying on classical tools of large-deviation theory and making the rate function at the transition explicit. In this paper we exhibit the same asymptotic behavior for triangular arrays of semiexponentially distributed random variables.
State-enlisted Voluntarism in China: The Role of Public Security Volunteers in Social Stability Maintenance
Authors: Yang Fan , Wang Shizong , Zhang Zhihan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis article explores how the Chinese government aims to maintain social stability by encouraging citizens to become volunteers. We propose that a new type of governance, namely, “state-enlisted voluntarism,” is being deployed in which public security volunteers are mobilized and monitored by the state. Analysis based on ten-year nationwide empirical data gathered from local areas in China suggests that the government intentionally enlists citizens into its hierarchical system to strengthen its administrative capacity and maintain a stable society without the risk of domestic threats. We find that direct enlistment approaches empower citizens as state proxies, and that indirect enlistment approaches ensure that various social stakeholders are comprehensively controlled. In general, the Chinese government has four reasons to institutionalize the state enlistment of voluntarism: to increase human resources at the grassroots; transform social organizations into subordinates; frame policy innovations as political credits; and to avoid blame. Our findings also suggest that China's party-state system mobilizes citizens into implementation-oriented activities rather than engages them in policymaking to maintain social stability at the grassroots.
Lived Experiences of Long-Term Care Administrative Staff Responsible for the Admissions Process
Authors: Sedaghat-Modabberi Rayka , Meisner Brad A. , Safai Parissa 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe process of admission of, typically, older residents into long-term care (LTC) has been greatly examined from the perspectives of the residents and their family members/caregivers. However, the viewpoint of the administrative staff directly involved has been left relatively unexamined. This article highlights findings from a qualitative study focused on exploring the lived experiences of LTC administrative staff working with residents-to-be and families/caregivers during the admissions process. Data from semi-structured interviews with seven participants indicate that these individuals often take on roles/tasks that go beyond the scope of their official work descriptions. Participants acknowledged the heavy toll of the stressful nature of their work on their health/well-being, but often normalized the pressures as part of their professional, if not personal, responsibilities to help others. Recommendations on improving the admissions process highlighted the lack of critique of the LTC system, despite its responsibility for the challenges that shape their day-to-day work.
Vibrio cholerae was found in cultured bullfrog
Authors: Yang Yibin , Zhu Xia , Zhang Haixin , Chen Yuhua , Liu Yongtao , Song Yi , Ai Xiaohui 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Bullfrog is one of the most important economic aquatic animals in China that is widely cultured in southern China and is a key breed recommended as an industry of poverty alleviation in China. During recent years, a fatal bacterial disease has often been found in cultured bullfrogs. The clinical manifestations of the diseased bullfrogs were severe intestinal inflammation and an anal prolapse. A bacterial pathogen was isolated from the diseased bullfrog intestines. The bacterium was identified as Vibrio cholerae using morphological, biochemical and 16S rRNA phylogenetic analysis. In this study, V. cholerae was isolated and identified in diseased bullfrogs for the first time, providing a basis for the diagnosis and control of the disease. Therefore, attention should be paid to the modes of transmission of V. cholerae from bullfrog and formulate reasonable safety measures.
Education and Trade Attitudes: Revisiting the Role of Economic Interest
Authors: Stiller Yannick , Dür Andreas , Huber Robert A. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWhy are highly educated people more supportive of international trade? Two competing explanations exist for this empirical finding. On the one hand, the economic interest approach suggests that the highly educated realize that trade can benefit them economically. On the other hand, the ideational perspective argues that this relationship arises because highly educated people are more cosmopolitan, and cosmopolitanism is positively related to support for trade. To contribute to this debate on the education–trade attitude nexus, we present and empirically test four hypotheses. Using data from the PEW Global Attitudes survey (2014) for 36 countries at various levels of development, we find that as expected by the economic interest approach, the effect of education on people's perceptions of the consequences of trade is conditional on respondents’ individual and subnational economic context. The results thus show that economic interest at least partly explains education's effects on public opinion towards trade. Beyond adding to this specific debate, the research note makes several broader contributions to research on trade and public opinion.
, , AND REINHARDT’S PROGRAM
Authors: CASTALDO LUCA , STERN JOHANNES 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn “Some Remarks on Extending and Interpreting Theories with a Partial Truth Predicate”, Reinhardt [21] famously proposed an instrumentalist interpretation of the truth theory Kripke–Feferman (
$\mathrm {KF}$
) in analogy to Hilbert’s program. Reinhardt suggested to view
$\mathrm {KF}$
as a tool for generating “the significant part of
$\mathrm {KF}$
”, that is, as a tool for deriving sentences of the form
$\mathrm{Tr}\ulcorner {\varphi }\urcorner $
. The constitutive question of Reinhardt’s program was whether it was possible “to justify the use of nonsignificant sentences entirely within the framework of significant sentences”. This question was answered negatively by Halbach & Horsten [10] but we argue that under a more careful interpretation the question may receive a positive answer. To this end, we propose to shift attention from
$\mathrm {KF}$
-provably true sentences to
$\mathrm {KF}$
-provably true inferences, that is, we shall identify the significant part of
$\mathrm {KF}$
with the set of pairs
$\langle {\Gamma , \Delta }\rangle $
, such that
$\mathrm {KF}$
proves that if all members of
$\Gamma $
are true, at least one member of
$\Delta $
is true. In way of addressing Reinhardt’s question we show that the provably true inferences of suitable
$\mathrm {KF}$
-like theories coincide with the provable sequents of matching versions of the theory Partial Kripke–Feferman (
$\mathrm {PKF}$
).
Exosome-mediated miR-7-5p delivery enhances the anticancer effect of Everolimus via blocking MNK/eIF4E axis in non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Liu Sile , Wang Weiyuan , Ning Yue , Zheng Hongmei , Zhan Yuting , Wang Haihua , Yang Yang , Luo Jiadi , Wen Qiuyuan , Zang Hongjing , Peng Jinwu , Ma Jian , Fan Songqing 
Published: February 2022

AbstractEverolimus is a kind of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors. Activated mitogen-activated protein kinase interacting kinases/eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (MNK/eIF4E) axis plays a crucial role in resistance to Everolimus in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The eIF4E phosphorylation increased by mTOR inhibitors is mainly mediated by MNKs. However, the mechanisms are poorly understood. Recently, extensive reprogramming of miRNA profiles has also been found after long-term mTOR inhibitor exposure. Our previous studies have confirmed that tumor suppressor miR-7-5p is decreased in A549 cells after treatment with Everolimus. Exactly, MNK1 is the target of miR-7-5p. In this study, we investigated the biological functions and potential molecular mechanisms of miR-7-5p in the NSCLC undergoing treatment with Everolimus. We confirmed that Everolimus targeted mTORC1 inducing NSCLC cells to secrete miR-7-5p-loaded exosomes in Rab27A and Rab27B-dependent manners. Loss of intracellular miR-7-5p induced phosphorylation of MNK/eIF4E axis, but a supplement of extra exosomal miR-7-5p could reverse it. Of note, both low expression of miR-7-5p and elevated MNK1 protein were associated with a poor prognosis of NSCLC. Both endogenous miR-7-5p and exo-miR-7-5p enhanced the therapeutic efficacy of Everolimus by inhibiting the proliferation, migration, and metastasis of NSCLC in vitro and in vivo. The combination of miR-7-5p with Everolimus induced apoptosis to exhibit a synergistic anticancer therapeutic efficacy through dual abrogation of MNK/eIF4E and mTOR in NSCLC. In conclusion, Everolimus decreases the intracellular miR-7-5p by releasing of miR-7-5p loaded exosomes from NSCLC cells in Rab27A and Rab27B dependent manners. Either endogenous miR-7-5p or exo-miR-7-5p combined with Everolimus can enhance the anticancer efficacy by targeting MNK/eIF4E axis and mTOR. Besides, both low levels of miR-7-5p and positive expression of MNK1 act as independent poor prognostic biomarkers for NSCLC. Therefore, restoring miR-7-5p carried by exosome may be a promising novel combined therapeutic strategy with Everolimus for NSCLC.
Methyl-CpG-binding domain protein 2 contributes to renal fibrosis through promoting polarized M1 macrophages
Authors: Ai Kai , Pan Jian , Zhang Pan , Li Huiling , He Zhibiao , Zhang Hongliang , Li Xiaozhou , Li Yijian , Yi Lei , Kang Ye , Wang Yinhuai , Xiang Xudong , Chai Xiangping , Zhang Dongshan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractRecent studies reported that Methyl-CpG–binding domain protein 2 (MBD2) promoted M2 macrophages accumulation to increase bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. However, the role and mechanism of action of MBD2 in macrophages differentiation and renal fibrosis remain largely unknown. In the current study, MBD2 not only promoted the differentiation of resting M0 macrophages to polarized M2 macrophages, but also induced them to polarized M1 macrophages and the transition of M2 to M1 macrophages. ChIP analysis demonstrated that MBD2 physically interacted with the promoter region of the CpG islands of G0S2 genes, and then activated their expression by inducing hypomethylation of the promoter region. Interestingly, the data demonstrated that the role of G0S2 in macrophages differentiation is consistent with MBD2. Furthermore, Co-culture of activated M1 macrophages and murine embryonic NIH 3T3 fibroblasts indicated that MBD2 mediated the M1-induction of ECM production by embryonic NIH 3T3 fibroblasts via promotion of G0S2. In addition, we also found that inhibition of MBD2 suppressed LPS induced the expression of p53 as well as activation and expression of stat3 in RAW264.7 macrophages. In vivo, MBD2 LysMcre attenuated unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) and ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced renal fibrosis via downregulation of G0S2, which was demonstrated by the downregulation of fibronectin (FN), collagen I and IV, α-SMA, G0S2. These data collectively demonstrated that MBD2 in macrophages contributed to UUO and I/R-induced renal fibrosis through the upregulation of G0S2, which could be a target for treatment for chronic kidney disease.
LncRNA BC200/miR-150-5p/MYB positive feedback loop promotes the malignant proliferation of myelodysplastic syndrome
Authors: Liu Zhaoping , Wang Pan , Yuan Shunling , Wang Yanyan , Cao Pengfei , Wen Feng , Li Hui , Zhu Lin , Liang Long , Wang Zi , Hu Bin , Zheng Fuxiang , Liu Jing , Xiao Xiaojuan , Zhang Ji 
Published: February 2022

AbstractMyelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is a group of heterogeneous hematologic malignancies with a risk of transformation to acute myeloid leukemia. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of the specific roles of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in MDS would create novel ways to identify diagnostic and therapeutic targets. The lncRNA BC200 is upregulated and acts as an oncogene in various cancers; however, its expression, clinical significance, and roles in MDS remain unclear. Here, we found that BC200 was highly expressed in MDS patients compared with normal individuals. Knockdown of BC200 inhibited MDS cell proliferation, colony formation, and cell cycle progression in vitro and suppressed the growth and invasiveness of MDS cells in vivo. Mechanistic investigations revealed that BC200 functioned as a miRNA sponge to positively regulate the expression of MYB through sponging miR-150-5p and subsequently promoted malignant proliferation of MDS cells. Conversely, we found that BC200 was a direct transcriptional target of MYB, and knockdown of MYB abolished the oncogenic effect of BC200/miR-150-5p. Taken together, our results revealed that the BC200/miR-150-5p/MYB positive feedback loop promoted the proliferation of MDS cells and is expected to be a potential biomarker and therapeutic target in MDS.
Investigating the potential effectiveness of earthquake early warning across Europe
Authors: Cremen Gemma , Galasso Carmine , Zuccolo Elisa 
Published: February 2022

AbstractHere we assess the potential implementation of earthquake early warning (EEW) across Europe, where there is a clear need for measures that mitigate seismic risk. EEW systems consist of seismic networks and mathematical models/algorithms capable of real-time data telemetry that alert stakeholders (e.g., civil-protection authorities, the public) to an earthquake’s nucleation seconds before shaking occurs at target sites. During this time, actions can be taken that might decrease detrimental impacts. We investigate distributions of EEW lead times available across various parts of the Euro-Mediterranean region, based on seismicity models and seismic network density. We then determine the potential usefulness of these times for EEW purposes by defining their spatial relationship with population exposure, seismic hazard, and an alert accuracy proxy, using well-established earthquake-engineering tools for measuring the impacts of earthquakes. Our mapped feasibility results show that, under certain conditions, EEW could be effective for some parts of Europe.
Beta-cell specific Insr deletion promotes insulin hypersecretion and improves glucose tolerance prior to global insulin resistance
Authors: Skovsø Søs , Panzhinskiy Evgeniy , Kolic Jelena , Cen Haoning Howard , Dionne Derek A. , Dai Xiao-Qing , Sharma Rohit B. , Elghazi Lynda , Ellis Cara E. , Faulkner Katharine , Marcil Stephanie A. M. , Overby Peter , Noursadeghi Nilou , Hutchinson Daria , Hu Xiaoke , Li Hong , Modi Honey , Wildi Jennifer S. , Botezelli J. Diego , Noh Hye Lim , Suk Sujin , Gablaski Brian , Bautista Austin , Kim Ryekjang , Cras-Méneur Corentin , Flibotte Stephane , Sinha Sunita , Luciani Dan S. , Nislow Corey , Rideout Elizabeth J. , Cytrynbaum Eric N. , Kim Jason K. , Bernal-Mizrachi Ernesto , Alonso Laura C. , MacDonald Patrick E. , Johnson James D. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractInsulin receptor (Insr) protein is present at higher levels in pancreatic β-cells than in most other tissues, but the consequences of β-cell insulin resistance remain enigmatic. Here, we use an Ins1cre knock-in allele to delete Insr specifically in β-cells of both female and male mice. We compare experimental mice to Ins1cre-containing littermate controls at multiple ages and on multiple diets. RNA-seq of purified recombined β-cells reveals transcriptomic consequences of Insr loss, which differ between female and male mice. Action potential and calcium oscillation frequencies are increased in Insr knockout β-cells from female, but not male mice, whereas only male βInsrKO islets have reduced ATP-coupled oxygen consumption rate and reduced expression of genes involved in ATP synthesis. Female βInsrKO and βInsrHET mice exhibit elevated insulin release in ex vivo perifusion experiments, during hyperglycemic clamps, and following i.p. glucose challenge. Deletion of Insr does not alter β-cell area up to 9 months of age, nor does it impair hyperglycemia-induced proliferation. Based on our data, we adapt a mathematical model to include β-cell insulin resistance, which predicts that β-cell Insr knockout improves glucose tolerance depending on the degree of whole-body insulin resistance. Indeed, glucose tolerance is significantly improved in female βInsrKO and βInsrHET mice compared to controls at 9, 21 and 39 weeks, and also in insulin-sensitive 4-week old males. We observe no improved glucose tolerance in older male mice or in high fat diet-fed mice, corroborating the prediction that global insulin resistance obscures the effects of β-cell specific insulin resistance. The propensity for hyperinsulinemia is associated with mildly reduced fasting glucose and increased body weight. We further validate our main in vivo findings using an Ins1-CreERT transgenic line and find that male mice have improved glucose tolerance 4 weeks after tamoxifen-mediated Insr deletion. Collectively, our data show that β-cell insulin resistance in the form of reduced β-cell Insr contributes to hyperinsulinemia in the context of glucose stimulation, thereby improving glucose homeostasis in otherwise insulin sensitive sex, dietary and age contexts.
Giant sponge grounds of Central Arctic seamounts are associated with extinct seep life
Authors: Morganti T. M. , Slaby B. M. , de Kluijver A. , Busch K. , Hentschel U. , Middelburg J. J. , Grotheer H. , Mollenhauer G. , Dannheim J. , Rapp H. T. , Purser A. , Boetius A. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe Central Arctic Ocean is one of the most oligotrophic oceans on Earth because of its sea-ice cover and short productive season. Nonetheless, across the peaks of extinct volcanic seamounts of the Langseth Ridge (87°N, 61°E), we observe a surprisingly dense benthic biomass. Bacteriosponges are the most abundant fauna within this community, with a mass of 460 g C m−2 and an estimated carbon demand of around 110 g C m−2 yr−1, despite export fluxes from regional primary productivity only sufficient to provide <1% of this required carbon. Observed sponge distribution, bulk and compound-specific isotope data of fatty acids suggest that the sponge microbiome taps into refractory dissolved and particulate organic matter, including remnants of an extinct seep community. The metabolic profile of bacteriosponge fatty acids and expressed genes indicate that autotrophic symbionts contribute significantly to carbon assimilation. We suggest that this hotspot ecosystem is unique to the Central Arctic and associated with extinct seep biota, once fueled by degassing of the volcanic mounts.
A re-appraisal of the ENSO response to volcanism with paleoclimate data assimilation
Authors: Zhu Feng , Emile-Geay Julien , Anchukaitis Kevin J. , Hakim Gregory J. , Wittenberg Andrew T. , Morales Mariano S. , Toohey Matthew , King Jonathan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe potential for explosive volcanism to affect the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) has been debated since the 1980s. Several observational studies, based largely on tree-ring proxies, have since found support for a positive ENSO phase in the year following large eruptions. In contrast, recent coral data from the heart of the tropical Pacific suggest no uniform ENSO response to explosive volcanism over the last millennium. Here we leverage paleoclimate data assimilation to integrate both tree-ring and coral proxies into a reconstruction of ENSO state, and re-appraise this relationship. We find only a weak statistical association between volcanism and ENSO, and identify the selection of volcanic events as a key variable to the conclusion. We discuss the difficulties of conclusively establishing a volcanic influence on ENSO by empirical means, given the myriad factors affecting the response, including the spatiotemporal details of the forcing and ENSO phase preconditioning.