bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Le partage des eaux. Les collaborations des maîtres-nageurs-sauveteurs (MNS) au cœur de l’enseignement de la natation à l’école primaire
Authors: Camporelli Fabien 
Published: February 2022

Reposant sur une analyse qualitative d’entretiens et de matériaux ethnographique recueillis auprès de maîtres-nageurs-sauveteurs (MNS), cet article s’attache à saisir comment l’interdépendance de la tâche « enseigner la natation à l’école primaire » induit la dépendance des membres des groupes impliqués dans la prise en charge des élèves, MNS d’un côté et professeurs des écoles (PE) de l’autre. Des indicateurs comme les niveaux d’interdépendance et les degrés d’intégration ont permis d’identifier quatre modes collaboratifs pratiqués par les MNS, entre coopérations et conflits. Ces spécialistes de la natation montrent par là leur capacité à infléchir leur autonomie professionnelle en reconsidérant leurs relations interprofessionnelles malgré la présence de normes prescrites institutionnellement. Cette dynamique constitue un enjeu majeur pour ce groupe qui s’efforce, au cœur du contexte scolaire, de revoir sa position dans la hiérarchie sociale.
L’émergence d’une vision partagée du contrôle, une réponse à la post-modernité : cas d’application à la gestion des risques RH
Authors: Dufour Nicolas , Teneau Gilles 
Published: February 2022

L’objet de cet article est d’étudier la gestion du risque lié aux ressources humaines en tant que dispositif interne de contrôle organisationnel. En nous appuyant sur différents entretiens dans de multiples secteurs, nous mettons en exergue plusieurs constats clés de recherche : la gestion du risque RH est un processus qui appelle à plus de structuration et elle reste un sujet complexe de mise en œuvre au regard de la grande diversité des risques compris derrière cette catégorie « risque RH ». Nos résultats de recherche abondent dans le sens de l’importance de mobiliser des cadres théoriques plus forts et plus enracinés dans la pratique. Nous mettons aussi en avant l’intérêt d’étudier le risque RH en sciences de gestion, au-delà des études spécifiques à une catégorie de risque unitaire.
Les PME familiales face au futur, une recherche exploratoire auprès d’entreprises de la pâtisserie à Alexandrie (Egypte)
Authors: Gamie Alaa , Roubelat Fabrice 
Published: February 2022

Par leur orientation transgénérationnelle, les PME familiales constituent un terrain particulier qui pose la question de la place de l’anticipation dans des entreprises dont les futurs apparaissent comme tracés par leur transmission aux nouvelles générations. Dans ce contexte entrepreneurial transgénérationnel, l’objectif de cette recherche consiste à discuter de la place de l’anticipation dans les pratiques managériales des dirigeants de PME familiales et à explorer les différents types de comportement de ces dirigeants vis-à-vis du futur. Après avoir discuté dans un premier temps de l’orientation vers le futur de l’entrepreneuriat transgénérationnel, nous présenterons les résultats de cinq études de cas couplés à une enquête menée auprès de 43 entreprises du secteur de la pâtisserie à Alexandrie. Autant les études de cas que l’enquête démontrent différentes orientations vis-à-vis du futur qu’un essai de typologie permettra de discuter. Les résultats montrent le caractère essentiellement opérationnel de l’anticipation des dirigeants des entreprises, soulignant le rôle contrasté de l’entrepreneuriat transgénérationnel. La recherche fait ressortir la fragmentation du rapport au futur des managers de ces entreprises, dominés néanmoins par un caractère « futuriste » que contrebalancent difficilement des « présentistes » deux fois moins nombreux. Prenant différentes formes, le rapport au futur est ainsi bien présent dans ces entreprises, mais pas uniquement sous un angle transgénérationnel.
Génération Z : une génération en quête de risques et d’éthique entrepreneuriale
Authors: Dalmas Michel 
Published: February 2022

La génération Z est-elle portée à suivre le chemin de l’entrepreneuriat ? Plus précisément, comment les jeunes générations soulignent-elles l’importance de l’innovation et de la prise de risques dans leurs priorités ? Laissent-elles pour autant tomber les questions éthiques et les principes chèrement acquis de la RSE ? 276 jeunes nés en 1995 et en 1996 ont répondu à une enquête en avril 2019. Chercher une réponse à cette question nécessite d’identifier des valeurs en relation avec le monde de l’entreprise. Des analyses en composantes principales ont permis d’identifier quatre facteurs significatifs, dont celui de l’importance de l’innovation et de la prise de risques. De la part de la génération Z, il existerait donc une volonté de ne pas perdre de vue que la réussite professionnelle passe aussi et avant tout par le goût de la nouveauté et de la prise de risques, sans pour autant renier son aspiration à l’éthique et aux principes de la RSE. C’est à ces conditions que l’entrepreneuriat devient une voie envisageable.
Epidemiology of Young Stroke in the Ludhiana Population-Based Stroke Registry
Authors: Singla Monika , Singh Gagandeep , Kaur Paramdeep , Pandian Jeyaraj D. 
Published: February 2022

Objective:
The objective of the study was to determine incidence, risk factors, and short-term outcomes of young stroke in Ludhiana city, Northwest India.

Methods:
Data were collected on first-ever stroke in patients of age ≥18 years, from hospitals, diagnostic imaging centers, general practitioners, and municipal corporation during March 2011–March 2013 in Ludhiana city, using the World Health Organization Stepwise Approach to Surveillance (WHO STEPS). Outcome was documented using the modified Rankin Scale at 28 days.

Results:
Of 2948 patients, 700 (24%) were in the age group 18–49 years. Annual incidence in this age group was 46/100,000 person-years (95% confidence interval [CI], 41–51/100,000). Hypertension (84%), diabetes mellitus (48%), and atrial fibrillation (AF) (12%) were found more common in >49 years age group, as compared with 18–49 years age group. Drug abuse (8.7% vs. 6% in age >49 years; P = 0.04) and tobacco intake (8.7% vs. 5.6% in age >49 years; P = 0.02) was more common in young people, that is, 18–49 years age group in comparison to older patients, >49 years age group. Recovery was better in younger subjects (60% vs. 46% in age >49 years P < 0.001). In a multivariable analysis, younger people were more often literate (odds ratio [OR] 2.52; 95% CI, 1.68–3.77; P < 0.001), employed (OR 3.92; 95% CI, 2.20–5.21; P < 0.001), and 374 (60%) had good clinical outcome, modified Rankin Scale <2 at 28 days follow-up as compared with 938 (46%) older patients (OR 1.52; 95% CI, 1.15–2.00; P = 0.003).

Conclusion:
Hypertension, diabetes mellitus, drug addiction, and tobacco intake were significantly associated with young stroke. Outcome was also better in younger people.
Costing of a Multiple Family Group Strengthening Intervention (SMART Africa) to Improve Child and Adolescent Behavioral Health in Uganda
Authors: Tozan Yesim , Capasso Ariadna , Namatovu Phionah , Kiyingi Joshua , Damulira Christopher , Nabayinda Josephine , Bahar Ozge Sensoy , McKay Mary M. , Hoagwood Kimberly , Ssewamala Fred M. 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT.
Reliable cost estimates are key to assessing the feasibility, affordability, and cost-effectiveness of interventions. We estimated the economic costs of a multiple family group (MFG) intervention—child and adolescent mental health evidence-based practices (CAMH-EBP) implemented under the SMART Africa study, seeking to improve family functioning and reduce child and adolescent behavior problems—delivered through task-shifting by community health workers (CHWs) or parent peers (PPs) in school settings in Uganda. This prospective microcosting analysis was conducted from a provider perspective as part of a three-armed randomized controlled trial of the MFG intervention involving 2,391 participants aged 8-13 years and their caregivers in 26 primary schools. Activity-specific costs were estimated and summed, and divided by actual participant numbers in each study arm to conservatively calculate total per-child costs by arm. Total per-child costs of the MFG-PP and MFG-CHW arms were estimated at US$346 and US$328, respectively. The higher per-child cost of the MFG-PP arm was driven by lower than anticipated attendance by participants recruited to this arm. Personnel costs were the key cost driver, accounting for approximately 70% of total costs because of intensive supervision and support provided to MFG facilitators and intervention quality assurance efforts. This is the first study estimating the economic costs of an evidence-based MFG intervention provided through task-shifting strategies in a low-resource setting. Compared with the costs of other family-based interventions ranging between US$500 and US$900 in similar settings, the MFG intervention had a lower per-participant cost; however, few comparisons are available in the literature. More costing studies on CAMH-EBPs in low-resource settings are needed.
Military and Civilian Sector Practice Patterns for Short-Term Travelers’ Diarrhea Self-Treatment in Adults
Authors: Stagliano David R. , Kuo Huai-Ching , Fraser Jamie A. , Mitra Indrani , Garges Eric C. , Riddle Mark S. , Tribble David R. , Hickey Patrick W. 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT.
The Deployment and Travel Medicine Knowledge, Attitude, Practice and Outcomes Study investigates the various clinician and traveler contributions to medical outcomes within the U.S. Military Health System. Travelers’ diarrhea is among the most common travel-related illnesses, making travelers’ diarrhea self-treatment (TDST) important for traveler health. A cohort of 80,214 adult travelers receiving malaria chemoprophylaxis for less than 6 weeks of travel were identified within the U.S. Department of Defense Military Health System Data Repository. Associated prescriptions for TDST medications within 2 weeks of chemoprophylaxis prescriptions were identified. Prescription patterns were compared by service member versus beneficiary status and site of care, military facility versus civilian facility. At military facilities, medical provider demographics were analyzed by clinical specialty and categorized as travel medicine specialists versus nonspecialists. Overall, there was low prescribing of TDST, particularly among civilian providers and military nonspecialists, despite guidelines recommending self-treatment of moderate to severe travelers’ diarrhea. This practice gap was largest among service member travelers, but also existed for beneficiaries. Compared with nonspecialists, military travel medicine specialists were more likely to prescribe a combination of an antibiotic and antimotility agent to beneficiaries, more likely to provide any form of TDST to service members, and more likely to prescribe azithromycin than quinolones when using antibiotics. Our study suggests that enhancing provider knowledge and use of travelers’ diarrhea treatment recommendations combined with improved access to formal travel medicine services may be important to increase the quality of care.
A Nighttime Telemedicine and Medication Delivery Service to Avert Pediatric Emergencies in Haiti: An Exploratory Cost-Effectiveness Analysis
Authors: Flaherty Katelyn E. , Klarman Molly B. , Cajusma Youseline , Schon Justin , Exantus Lerby , Beau de Rochars Valery M. , Baril Chantale , Becker Torben K. , Nelson Eric J. 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT.
We sought to compare the costs of a nighttime pediatric telemedicine and medication delivery service per disability-adjusted life year (DALY) averted to the costs of current hospital emergency care per DALY averted from a societal perspective. We studied a nighttime pediatric telemedicine and medication delivery service and hospital emergency care in a semi-urban and rural region of Haiti. Costs of the two services were enumerated to represent the financial investments of both providers and patients. DALYs averted were calculated to represent the “years lives lost” and “years lost to disability” from diarrheal, respiratory, and skin (bacterial and scabies etiologies) disease among children from 0 to 9 years old. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was estimated and compared with the per capita gross domestic product (GDP) of Haiti ($1,177). Cost-effectiveness was defined as an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio less than three times the per capita GDP of Haiti ($3,531). The total costs of the nighttime telemedicine and medication delivery service and hospital emergency care to society were $317,898 per year and $89,392 per year, respectively. The DALYs averted by the service and hospital emergency care were 199.76 and 22.37, respectively. Correspondingly, the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio is estimated at $1,288 signifying that the service costs an additional $1,288 to avert one additional DALY. A scaled nighttime pediatric telemedicine and medication delivery service is likely a cost-effective alternative to hospital emergency care for pre-emergency pediatric conditions in Haiti, and possibly in similar lower-middle-income countries.
Igualdad, Género y Políticas Públicas
Authors: Higuera Sánchez Dr. Félix Mauro , Torres Ayala Dra. Celia Guadalupe , Carrillo Valenzuela Claudian Yanira 
Published: February 2022

La globalización ha impulsado la conformación de replantear las políticas de igualdad de género en América Latina, lo que ha motivado el confrontar una seriede problemáticas respecto a la aceptación de su perspectiva en las políticas públicas de las naciones; destacando los logros del impulso de agrupaciones de mujeres, a través de organismos internacionales, los diversos gobiernos adoptando de forma institucional diversas acciones y programas orientados a lograr una igualdad de género, no solo a nivel Internacional sino también a nivel nacional, teniendo una incidencia importante tanto en el ámbito legislativo, ejecutivo y el judicial donde se han visto grandes cambios. Se plantea en el trabajo de investigación el realizar una descripción y análisis de las políticas de igualdad y de género en la legislación de acuerdo a los tratados internacionales, que han dado forma a la concepción actual. Usando como metodología: un estudio de tipo descriptivo y analítico, de investigación documental con fuentes doctrinarias: normativas y jurisprudenciales. Como conclusiones: de lo cual el desarrollo de la igualdad de género en nuestro país se requiere un cambio de cultura, y conocimientos de la sociedad inmersa en estos cambios.
Historical Memory in the Process of Formation and Reproduction of Modern National Identity: the French Experience (Part 2)
Authors: Shmorgun O. 
Published: February 2022

The article is devoted to the study of the role of historical tradition and national memory in the formation of modern types of ethno-national identity and mechanisms of consolidation of citizens at the stage of formation of the French state of the modern type. In this regard, various versions of French history were analyzed by representatives of historical and historiographical schools, which still compete with each other for the status of creators of a generally accepted interpretation of important historical events.
It was found that consistently patriotic motivation, which ensures the formation and realization of the innovative potential of the people and social activity of this creative core of the nation, aimed at overcoming any crisis challenges, is formed only on the basis of maximum meaningful synthesis of existing interpretations of French history. In particular, the effectiveness of memory policy is ensured by the fact that symbols, traditions and historical monuments that positively influence the dynamics of national-patriotic motivations and feelings are inevitably (and often, quite consciously) filled with qualitatively new meanings and values.
The complete failure of neoliberal and left-wing radical critiques of Holism’s theory and practice has been proved, the conservative elements of which, in particular the appeal to the heroic past, are not at all identical with medieval archaism and almost neo-Nazi political preferences. On the contrary, the typological similarity of Bonapartism and Hollism is due precisely to their ability to effectively oppose reactionary and revolutionary extremism, which is equally destructive to the nation-state.
In this regard, the exceptional relevance of the use of historical memory to form their own traditionalist and authoritarian charisma (in their relationship) by the creator and first president of the Fifth Republic Charles de Gaulle in the process of his opposition to anti-national provocations of far-right and far-left.
Problems of Social and Economic Modernization of Kazakhstan
Authors: Demenko O. 
Published: February 2022

The article analyzes the features of the socio-economic development of the Republic of Kazakhstan after gaining independence in 1991. It is noted that historically the economy of Kazakhstan for many decades was formed as a raw material base for the unified national economic complex of the USSR. Under the conditions of independence, the raw materials industries, primarily the fuel and energy and mining and metallurgical complexes became the basis for the socio-economic development of Kazakhstan, thanks to which the country made an economic breakthrough and deeply integrated into the world economy. Kazakhstan is the leader among the post-Soviet countries in terms of the volume of attracted foreign direct investment, which contributed to the increase in the extraction of natural resources, the construction of new industrial enterprises and infrastructure facilities. The most important trade and investment partners of Kazakhstan are the European Union, the Russian Federation, China and the United States. At the same time, despite the geographical proximity, common social and ethnocultural features, only 4.9% of Kazakhstan’s foreign trade falls on the neighboring countries of Central Asia.
The dependence of Kazakhstan on the sale of raw materials, the low investment attractiveness of the manufacturing industries make the country’s economy vulnerable to changes in the situation in the commodity markets, periodically lead to an aggravation of the socio-economic situation. In the structure of Kazakhstani exports, about 70% are products of the extractive industry. A problem in the development of the energy sector is the limited supply routes for energy carriers to world markets. The issue of changing the model of economic growth through the development of high-tech sectors of industry and support for small and medium-sized businesses is extremely relevant. The system of public administration, which is too bureaucratic and cumbersome, also needs to improve efficiency. Also, a reform of social policy is ripe, which should be aimed at increasing social support for citizens. It is necessary to change the strategy for the development of regions, primarily with regard to the creation of jobs and the reduction of regional imbalances.
Armed Conflicts and Unrecognized “republics” as Instruments of Russia’s Influence on Post-Soviet Countries
Authors: Kordun O. 
Published: February 2022

The study is an attempt to generalize the practice of Russia’s implementation of its influence in the post-Soviet space in the context of hybrid aggression as the essence of Russia’s international policy in the region. The main focus of this aggression is directed against those countries of the former Soviet republics that have declared their clear course of European and Euro-Atlantic integration (Ukraine, Georgia and Moldova) and thus stand in the way of Russia’s imperial ambitions.
In order to implement its plans, Russia comprehensively uses a wide range of tools and methods of influence of both non-military (“soft power”) and military (“hard power”) nature. Such influence is carried out systematically, for many years and has a complex and comprehensive character in various spheres. Moreover, the methods and ways of influence, as well as their priority, are not stable and differ depending on the country of their application.
Among them, not the least place is given by Russia to the manipulation of armed conflicts, which is part of the well-established mechanism of the so called hybrid wars in order to strengthen its geopolitical influence. Supporting or using certain forces in active armed conflicts or threatening to resume the active phase of “frozen” armed conflicts can be a serious tool of foreign policy pressure and give Moscow real military-political advantages in the region.
Such conflicts have a decisive impact on the agenda of their localization countries and bring enormous damage to their economic and human potential. The “frozen” conflicts in Georgia and Moldova, as well as the still active conflict in eastern Ukraine, have become clear obstacles to the rapid progress of these countries on the path to European and Euro-Atlantic integration and create a very negative background for their democratic and economic development.
As Russia has not yet achieved its goals in the conflict zones in Ukraine, Georgia and Moldova, it is most likely that no significant positive changes in their settlement should be expected in the near future. One of the most effective mechanisms to protect Russia from expansionist encroachments for these countries may be maximum rapprochement with the EU and NATO, and in the long run – accession to these organizations. Such a step will be a kind of victory in the hybrid war with Russia. After all, it is precisely in order to prevent such an option that Russia has created and / or maintains the above-mentioned zones of instability.
Azerbaijan Republic: Foundations of Successful Transformational Reformations
Authors: Kudryachenko A. , Soloshenko V. 
Published: February 2022

The article deeply analyzes the difficult thirty-year practice of the development of the Republic of Azerbaijan in the context of considering the main components that made it possible to overcome the huge crisis phenomena and challenges that called into question the very existence of the state in the first post-Soviet years, and entering the trajectory of socio-economic development and recovery. The authors argue that it is the strengthening of all state institutions, a balanced consolidating strategy of Azerbaijan studies, skillfully and quickly carried out broad economic reforms, rational approaches to attracting foreign direct investment and creating an appropriate business climate that have been and remain the engines of positive socio-economic transformations.
The end of the military confrontation, the departure from the attitudes of extreme nationalism, as well as a number of unpopular measures that were taken under the firm leadership of Heydar Aliyev, were used to overcome separatism and disintegration phenomena, at the same time, human and organizational resources were subordinated to the preservation of Azerbaijan’s national identity and growth public consciousness of its society.
The recovery of economic growth in post-Soviet Azerbaijan is inextricably linked with the development of oil resources on the shelf of the Caspian Sea. This was facilitated by a stable domestic and foreign policy, constitutional and legal framework for the development of entrepreneurship, which allows attracting foreign direct investment in the long term.
At the present stage, official Baku professes strategic goals for the formation of a socially-oriented, diversified national economy, strengthening its free market relations and the ability to self-development in the context of trends in the world economy. This is facilitated by measures to implement a long-term strategy for the management of oil and gas revenues and a program for the socio-economic development of the regions of the Republic of Azerbaijan.
Consequently, the national consolidation, economic growth of Azerbaijan along with the development of the armed forces have become effective factors in the restoration of territorial integrity and the return of uncontrolled territories and their modern restoration.