bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Burden of Non-Communicable Diseases among Hospitalized HIV Positive Patients at Lira Regional Referral Hospital, Northern Uganda: Retrospective Chart Review 2016-2020
Authors: Bernard Omech , Bosco Opio , Bony Aloka , Kiweewa Francis , link Abby , Donggo Pamela , P'Olak Kennedy Amone- 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background: Non-communicable diseases(NCDs) are increasing rapidly in sub-Sahara Africa including Uganda. Knowledge of the effect of long-term antiretroviral therapy(ART) and emergence of NCDs on hospital utilization remain scant. This study aimed to assess the burden of major NCDs and predictors of mortality among hospitalized HIV positive patients in the medical wards at Lira regional referral hospital in Northern Uganda.Method: We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional chart review of hospitalized patients from the male and female medical wards between 2016 and 2020. The prevalence of NCDs was estimated and status at discharge determined. Binary and multi-variable regression analyses were performed to determine predictors of mortality with statistical significance set at 0.05 p-value. Results: A total of 445 patient files were examined, with 49 percent (n=218) of them revealing HIV status. Males made up 53% of the total number of patients studied (n=226). In HIV positive patients, the prevalence of at least one NCD, two NCDs, and three or more NCDs multi-morbidity was 73 percent, 16 percent, and 2 percent, respectively. In HIV negative controls, the prevalence of at least one NCD, two NCDs, and three or more NCDs was 62 percent, 28 percent, and 6 percent, respectively, compared to HIV positive controls. Cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, cancers, chronic lung disease, liver diseases, and mental disorders were found in 19.52 percent (CI: 14.67-25.49) of HIV positive patients versus 36.99 percent (CI: 30.06-44.50), 4.4.65 percent (CI: 02.51-08.51) versus 22.65 percent (CI: 17.57-29.74 p-value= 0.001), 13.55 percent (CI: 09.56-18.87) versus 9. 56 percent (CI: 05.99-14.89), 04.65 percent (02.51-08.47) versus 5.62(03.03-10.18), 27.91 percent (22.27-34.32) versus 29.53 (23.48-36.41), and 26.63 percent (21.10-33.02)versus 06.82 (03.89-11.68,p-value-=<0.001). In HIV patients, being middle-aged (40-50 years) was the sole independent predictor of mortality.Conclusion. HIV positive inpatients had a lower prevalence of major NCDs than HIV negative inpatients, albeit, this was not statistically significant except for diabetes mellitus and mental disorders. Increasing age is a significant predictor of mortality in hospitalized HIV positive patients. Prioritizing screening infrastructure and service capacity to reduce the burden of NCDs in PLHIV is critically important.
The Effect of Therapeutic Klotho Protein on Cell Viability in HT-29 Cell Line
Authors: Sariboyaci Ayla Eker , Uysal Onur , Soykan Merve Nur , Gunes Sibel 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Several studies have shown that klotho protein plays an important role in tumorigenesis concerning cell viability, proliferation, senescence, survival, autophagy, and resistance to antitumor therapies. From the literature, there is no study has been analyzed that the klotho protein induces cytotoxic effects on human colorectal adenocarcinoma or healthy colon cells. We aimed to investigate the anticancer effects of klotho protein against the human colon adenocarcinoma cells and the selectivity using healthy colon cells by adding exogenously klotho protein to the medium of HT-29 cancer and the CCD 841 CoN healthy cell lines and analyzing its effect on cell viability and apoptosis process. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of the human klotho protein was analyzed by WST-8 assay. Annexin V-PI flow cytometric analysis and AO-PI fluorescent staining techniques were used to test the effect of klotho protein on cancer and healthy colon cells for measuring the percentage of cells undergo apoptotic. Our results have firstly demonstrated that klotho had a cytotoxic effect against colorectal adenocarcinoma cells in a dose-dependent manner. Annexin V-PI flow cytometric and AO-PI fluorescent analyses found that klotho induced quantitative and morphological changes that indicate the apoptotic induction in the human colorectal adenocarcinoma. This study results proved for the first time that klotho may be an effective potential therapeutic agent that may be used in adjuvant therapy in human colorectal adenocarcinoma because it does not affect selectively healthy colon cells and but leading cancer cells to apoptosis.
High-echoic Line Tracing of Transthoracic Echocardiography Accurately Assesses Right Ventricular Enlargement in Adult Patients with Atrial Septal Defect
Authors: Sato Tasuku , Sakamoto Ichiro , Hiasa Ken-ichi , Kawakubo Masateru , Ishikita Ayako , Umemoto Shintaro , Kang Min-Jeong , Sawatari Hiroyuki , Chishaki Akiko , Shigeto Hiroshi , Tsutsui Hiroyuki 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Accurate measurement of right ventricular (RV) size using transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) is important for evaluating the severity of congenital heart diseases. The RV end-diastolic area index (RVEDAi) determined using TTE is used to assess RV dilatation; however, the tracing line of the RVEDAi has not been clearly defined by the guidelines. This study aimed to determine the exact tracing method for RVEDAi using TTE.Methods: We retrospectively studied 107 patients with atrial septal defects who underwent cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) and TTE. We measured the RVEDAi according to isoechoic and high-echoic lines, and compared it with the RVEDAi measured using CMR. The isoechoic line was defined as the isoechoic endocardial border of the RV free wall, whereas the high-echoic line was defined as the high-echoic endocardial border of the RV free wall more outside than the isoechoic line. Results: RVEDAi measured using high-echoic line (high-RVEDAi) was more accurately related to RVEDAi measured using CMR than that measured using isoechoic line (iso-RVEDAi). The difference in the high-RVEDAi was 0.3 cm2/m2, and the limit of agreement (LOA) was −3.7 to 4.3 cm2/m2. With regard to inter-observer variability, high-RVEDAi was superior to iso-RVEDAi. Conclusion: High-RVEDAi had greater agreement with CMR-RVEDAi than with iso-RVEDAi. High-RVEDAi can become the standard measurement of RV size using two-dimensional TTE.
Genetic identification of the m6A-related gene YTHDF3 as a putative biomarker for breast cancer
Authors: Wang Yu , Shi Yan , Li Xiaohong , Fan Yu 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Background
Ectopic expression of m6A-related genes is a common feature in a variety of human tumors, but the expression pattern and prognostic value of these genes are poorly understood in breast cancer. This study comprehensively analyzed the expression profile of m6A-related genes and their clinical significance in breast cancer.
Methods
The mRNA expression of m6A-related genes was evaluated from TCGA and GTEx databases. Differences in gene amplification and DNA methylation were analyzed using cBioPortal and MethHC, respectively. Univariate and multivariate Cox survival analyses were performed based on the gene expression and clinical parameters. STRING and Metascape were used to analyze the potential molecular pathways involving these genes.
Results
The majority of m6A-related genes showed significantly differential expression in breast cancer tissue samples, but the correlation with molecular characteristics such as gene promoter methylation and gene amplification was weak. Univariate overall survival analysis suggested that the ectopic expression of RBM15B (p = 0.008), METTL16 (p = 0.013), HNRNPC (p = 0.01), YTHDF1 (p = 0.002), YTHDF3 (p = 0.014), and IGF2BP1 (p < 0.001) were significantly associated with prognosis. Further multivariate Cox regression survival analysis revealed that upregulation of YTHDF3 expression was an independent prognostic factor for the survival of breast cancer patients (HR: 1.024, 90%CI: 1.003–1.046, p = 0.024). This study also found that YTHDF3 was probably not only involved in the processing and metabolism of RNA, but also related to DNA repair, pri-miRNA processing, telomere stability and other important molecular pathways.
Conclusions
m6A-related genes are abnormally expressed in breast cancer and are associated with the prognosis of patients, indicating the potential of these genes as biomarkers for breast cancer, among which YTHDF3 requires further study.
Preferred Motif for Integrin Binding Identified Using a Library of Randomized RGD Peptides Displayed on Phage
Authors: Healy Judith M. , Haruki Mitsuru , Kikuchi Masakazu 
Published: June 2022

Abstract:
We have selected RGD peptides recognized efficiently by integrin av3 through randomization of amino acids flanking the RGD motif. Degenerate RGD peptides were displayed on phage as fusions to the N-terminus of major coat protein Vill of M13 using a specially constructed phagemid vector. Identification of an apparent consensus sequence among ligands preferred by av3 supports the view that amino acids in the vicinity of RGD can influence receptor recognition of phage-peptides. In addition, several phage isolates encoded a potentially cyclic peptide which bound to av3 with superior affinity. Binding assays with cyclic and linear forms of synthetic RGD peptides confirmed the capacity of conformational constraint of RGD to confer high-affinity integrin binding.
Antibiotics and Antibiotic Resistance- Flipsides of the Same Coin
Authors: Bhardwaj Sonali , Mehra Parul , Dhanjal Daljeet Singh , Sharma Parvarish , Sharma Varun , Singh Reena , Nepovimova Eugenie , Chopra Chirag , Kuča Kamil 
Published: June 2022

Abstract:
One of the major global health care crises in the 21st century is antibiotic resistance. Almost all clinically
used antibiotics have resistance emerging to them. Antibiotic Resistance can be regarded as the ‘Faceless
Pandemic’ that has enthralled the entire world. It has become peremptory to develop treatment options as an
alternative to antibiotic therapy for combating antibiotic-resistant pathogens. A clearer understanding of antibiotic
resistance is required to prevent the rapid spread of antibiotic-resistant genes and the re-emergence of
infections. The present review provides an insight into the different classifications and modes of action of antibiotics
to understand how the hosts develop resistance to them. In addition, the association of genetics in the
development of antibiotic resistance and environmental factors has also been discussed, emphasizing developing
action plans to counter this "quiescent pandemic". It is also pertinent to create models that can predict the
early resistance so that treatment strategies may build up in advance with the evolving resistance.
Different Roles of the Insulin-like Growth Factor (IGF) Axis in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Huang Lixia , Zhou Yanbin , Xu Xiongye , Qiu Yanli , Chen Simin , Wang Shuaishuai , Yang Ruifu , Liu Baomo , Li Yufei , Deng Jiating , Su Yan , Lin Ziying , Gu Jincui , Li Shaoli 
Published: June 2022

Abstract:Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains one of the deadliest malignant diseases, with high incidence and mortality worldwide. The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis, consisting of IGF-1, IGF-2, related receptors (IGF-1R, -2R), and high-affinity binding proteins (IGFBP 1-6), is associated with promoting fetal development, tissue growth, and metabolism. Emerging studies have also identified the role of the IGF axis in NSCLC, including cancer growth, invasion, and metastasis. Upregulation of IGE-1 and IGF-2, overexpression of IGF-1R, and dysregulation of downstream signaling molecules involved in the PI-3K/Akt and MAPK pathways jointly increase the risk of cancer growth and migration in NSCLC. At the genetic level, some noncoding RNAs could influence the proliferation and differentiation of tumor cells through the IGF signaling pathway. The resistance to some promising drugs might be partially attributed to the IGF axis. Therapeutic strategies targeting the IGF axis have been evaluated, and some have shown promising efficacy. In this review, we summarize the biological roles of the IGF axis in NSCLC, including the expression and prognostic significance of the related components, noncoding RNA regulation, involvement in drug resistance, and therapeutic application. This review offers a comprehensive understanding of NSCLC and provides insightful ideas for future research.
Transdermal Insulin Delivery and Microneedles-based Minimally Invasive Delivery
Systems
Authors: Hong Yichuan , Yu Haojie , Wang Li , Chen Xiang , Huang Yudi , Yang Jian , Ren Shuning 
Published: June 2022

Abstract:
Diabetes has become a serious threat to human health, causing death and pain to numerous patients.
Transdermal insulin delivery is a substitute for traditional insulin injection to avoid pain from the injection.
Transdermal methods include non-invasive and invasive methods. As the non-invasive methods could hardly
get through the stratum corneum, minimally invasive devices, especially microneedles, could enhance the
transappendageal route in transcutaneous insulin delivery, and could act as connectors between the tissue and
outer environment or devices. Microneedle patches have been in quick development in recent years and with
different types, materials and functions. In those patches, the smart microneedle patch could perform as a sensor
and reactor responding to glucose to regulate the blood level. In the smart microneedles field, the phenylboronic
acid system and the glucose oxidase system have been successfully applied on the microneedle platform. Insulin
transdermal delivery strategy, microneedles technology and smart microneedles’ development would be discussed
in this review.
The Efficacy of Tribulus terrestris and Cumminum cyminium Against
Sexual Dysfunction in Diabetic Male Rats
Authors: Kumar Ashok , Neupane Netra Prasad , Khalilullah Habibullah , Dahiya Vinesh , Agrawal SS , Verma Amita 
Published: June 2022

Aim:
The aim of the study was to assess the efficacy of Tribulus Terristeris and Cumminum cyminium in a standardized diabetic animal model for various pathological conditions of male sexual dysfunction (i.e., loss of libido, erectile dysfunction, and infertility) and compare these herbs with standard drugs.

Background:
The prevalence of sexual dysfunction is about 40-45% adult women, and 20-30% of adult men have at least one sexual dysfunction. Sexual dysfunction is more common in men with diabetes compared to non-diabetic peers.

Objective:
The objective of the study was to evaluate the therapeutic effect of Tribulus Terrestris (TT) and Cumminum cyminium (CC) against male sexual dysfunction with diabetes.

Methods:
In-vivo animal models were utilized to find out Tribulus terristeris and Cumminum cyminium. Libido study: Sexually active male Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups, i.e., control, fluoxetine treated, fluoxetine with Tribulus terristeris, fluoxetine with Cumminum cyminium and fluoxetine with bupriprion. These rats have treated for 28 days by giving different drug for different group. Erection study: Male Wistar rats were divided in 5 group (six in each) i.e. control, diabetic rats, diabetic rats treated with Tribulus terristeris, diabetic rats treated with Cumminum cyminium and diabetic treated with Insulin. The rat penile tissue was taken by scarifying the rats, and in-vitro contraction and relaxation were carried out in two-chamber student organ bath. Sperm analysis: Sperm were collected from previously scarified rats in erection study, and collected sperm were washed, count (using Neubauer haemocytometer), and studied sperm motility.

Results:
Cumminum cyminium showed the significant reversal of loss of desire caused by fluoxetine which was comparable to standard drug bupropion. Insulin and Tribulus terristeris treated diabetic group of rats showed the lowest capability to relax, indicating setting up of erectile dysfunction. Diabetic rats exhibited a significant reduction in sperm density, % sperm motility, and % sperm viability. Insulin and C. cyminium treated diabetic rats showed significant improvement in sperm density, % sperm motility, and % sperm viability.

Conclusion:
Tribulus terristeris at the dose of 100 mg/kg b.w was found to improve erectile function, whereas Cumminum cyminium at the dose of 150 mg/kg b.w was found to improve libido and sperm profile of fluoxetine treated rats.
Exploration of Sam Poo Kong Building Heritage as Starting Point in Geometric Transformation Course
Authors: Aisyah Fifin , Lestari Aidha Aprilia Puji , Supriyanto Muhammad Agus , Nursyahidah Farida 
Published: June 2022

Sam Poo Kong is one of Semarang's city cultural heritages. This historical structure features intriguing architecture as well as being a popular tourist destination. This study aims to explore Sam Poo Kong's building as a starting point in the geometric transformation course. Besides, the study method is descriptive in qualitative terms with the ethnography approach, namely the type of research to describe and acquire data as a whole, comprehensive, and in-depth. The result is an ethnomathematics exploration of Sam Poo Kong's historic buildings, representing mathematical concepts including reflection, translation, rotation, dilation, and cultural values. Based on implementation in transformation class, students can quickly grasp which Sam Poo Kong's building portrays transformation.Students can identify and describe the Sam Poo Kong building's transformation forms, which include: 1) reflection on the temple as a whole, ornaments, and Sam Poo Kong entrance gates; 2) translation on the statues, roofs, lanterns, and poles; 3) rotation on the bedug, reliefs, incense holders, lanterns, and anchors; and 4) dilatation of the inner and outer rooflines of the Sam Poo Kong building. This can stimulate students to envisage the types of transformation, which makes the information easier to learn.Moreover, this study can benefit teachers for local wisdom context reference in geometric transformation and following researchers for further study.
Seed germination requirements and responses to salinity and water stress of Centaurea eriophora
Authors: Bouker Amar , Mehdadi Zoheir , Latreche Ali , Saidi Boubakr 
Published: June 2022

Centaurea eriophora L. (Asteraceae) is a rare annual plant, found in some Mediterranean regions and requiring conservational measures. The present study was carried out to highlight the species germination behavior under two controlled environmental constraints: salt and water stress. Achenes collected on Mount Tessala (North-West Algeria) were germinated under a water potential gradient (0 to –2.45 MPa) induced by different concentrations of polyethylene glycol and under different concentrations of NaCl (0 to 102 mM). The experiments were conducted at constant temperature. The obtained results showed a high significant effect of salinity and water stress, especially on final germination percentage, while the highest germination (85%) was obtained at control conditions in both of the tests. Under salinity and water stress conditions, there was a significant deterioration in most germination parameters, particularly a lower final germination percentage. The tolerance thresholds for salinity and water deficit were 68 mM and –1.2 MPa respectively. Beyond these values, seed germination of C. eriophora was completely inhibited. The sensitivity of C. eriophora achenes to environmental pressures should be considered in the long-term effective conservation plans.
Adherence of Aeromonas veronii, Shigella flexneri and Escherichia fergusonii with Microcystis-dominated bloom relates to their ability to utilize chitin
Authors: Dwivedi Pushpendra Kumar , Bagchi Divya , Bagchi Suvendra Nath 
Published: June 2022

The study was undertaken to size-fractionate the bacterial population associated with Microcystis blooms of an eutrophic lake. Two bacterial cultures were isolated from the particulate-bound fraction, and biochemical tests, phylogenetic analysis and homology of 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed their high similarity with Aeromonas veronii and Shigella flexneri. Another isolate with characteristics resembling Escherichia fergusonii was obtained in phytoplankton-free water samples. Since these three cultures were enriched on chitin-selective medium, their capability to utilize chitin as a sole C source was examined. The in vivo chitinase activity (as µg N‑acetyglucosamine produced min–1 mL–1 culture) was 82.1, 28.5 and 18.5 for A. veronii, S. flexneri and E. fergusonii, respectively. The corresponding N‑acetylglucosamine accumulation in medium was 421, 288 and 122 µg mL–1. There was also a gradation in growth indices in the three bacteria, which corresponded to their chitin utilization ability. Notwithstanding differences in chitinase activity, the three strains utilized almost equally the exogenous N‑acetylglucosamine. We propose that chitinase activity may have a role in affinity of the particular bacterial cell to phytoplankton extracellular polymeric substances and therefore, adherence ability.
Safety and Glycemic Outcomes With a Tubeless Automated Insulin Delivery System in Very Young Children With Type 1 Diabetes: A Single-Arm Multicenter Clinical Trial
Authors: Sherr Jennifer L. , Bode Bruce W. , Forlenza Gregory P. , Laffel Lori M. , Schoelwer Melissa J. , Buckingham Bruce A. , Criego Amy B. , DeSalvo Daniel J. , MacLeish Sarah A. , Hansen David W. , Ly Trang T. ,   for the Omnipod 5 in Preschoolers Study Group:, Sherr Jennifer L. , Weyman Kate , Tichy Eileen , VanName Michelle , Brei Michelle , Zgorski Melinda , Steffen Amy , Carria Lori , Bode Bruce W. , Busby Anna , Forlenza Gregory P. , Wadwa R. Paul , Slover Robert , Cobry Erin , Messer Laurel , Laffel Lori M. , Isganaitis Elvira , Ambler-Osborn Louise , Freiner Emily , Turcotte Christine , Volkening Lisa , Schoelwer Melissa , Brown Sue A. , Krauthause Katie , Emory Emma , Oliveri Mary , Buckingham Bruce A. , Ekhlaspour Laya , Kingman Ryan , Criego Amy B. , Schwartz Betsy L. , Gandrud Laura M. , Grieme Aimee , Hyatt Jamie , DeSalvo Daniel J. , McKay Siripoom , DeLaO Kylie , Villegas Carolina , MacLeish Sarah A. , Wood Jamie R. , Kaminski Beth A. , Casey Terri , Campbell Wendy , Behm Kim , Adams Ramon , Hansen David W. , Stone Sheri L. , Bzdick Suzan , Bulger Jane , Agostini Lynn , Doolittle Sarah , Kivilaid Kaisa , Kleve Krista , Ly Trang T. , Dumais Bonnie , Vienneau Todd , Huyett Lauren M. , Lee Joon Bok , O’Connor Jason , Benjamin Eric 
Published: June 2022

OBJECTIVE
Very young children with type 1 diabetes often struggle to achieve glycemic targets, putting them at risk for long-term complications and creating an immense management burden for caregivers. We conducted the first evaluation of the Omnipod 5 Automated Insulin Delivery System in this population.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
A total of 80 children aged 2.0–5.9 years used the investigational system in a single-arm study for 13 weeks following 14 days of baseline data collection with their usual therapy.

RESULTS
There were no episodes of severe hypoglycemia or diabetic ketoacidosis. By study end, HbA1c decreased by 0.55% (6.0 mmol/mol) (P &lt; 0.0001). Time with sensor glucose levels in target range 70–180 mg/dL increased by 10.9%, or 2.6 h/day (P &lt; 0.0001), while time with levels &lt;70 mg/dL declined by median 0.27% (P = 0.0204).

CONCLUSIONS
Use of the automated insulin delivery system was safe, and participants experienced improved glycemic measures and reduced hypoglycemia during the study phase compared with baseline.