bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Eastern redcedar roots create legacy effects that suppresses growth of prairie species
Authors: Bennion Leland Dwyth , Ward David 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The expansion of woody species from their historical ranges into grasslands is a global problem. Understanding the mechanisms that enable species to successfully establish and then re-encroach following their removal is critical to effectively managing problem species. Legacy effects are a mechanism that could be critical to the re-establishment of woody encroachers following their removal. Legacy effects occur when a species alters the biotic and abiotic environment in a way that affects communities that establish subsequently. In this study, we assess whether Juniperus virginiana, a North American woody encroacher, generates legacy effects that affect communities that establish following removal of this species from an experimental grass community. We treated three soil groups with different percentages of J. virginiana roots. We found escalating suppression of overall community biomass and the biomass of each of the individual species with increasing percentages of root treatments. Our results suggest that J. virginiana exudes an allelochemical into soils that inhibits the growth of certain grasses and thus has legacy effects on future occupants. We suggest that the inhibition of the development of grasses in areas where J. virginianahas been removed is a mechanism that favors the re-establishment of J. virginiana. Our results indicate the legacy effects of J. virginianamust be considered when conducting removal and restoration of J. virginiana infested lands.
WITHDRAWN: E-scooter-related orthopedic injuries and the treatments applied. Are these a new means of transportation or a new cause of trauma?
Authors: İğrek Servet , Ulusoy İbrahim 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Introduction
E-scooters have become increasingly popular in Turkey due to easy accessibility and the widespread use of a rental system, but in parallel with this, the number of e-scooter-related injuries has increased gradually. The aim of this study was to determine the types of e-scooter-related orthopedic injuries, to evaluate hospitalization and surgical treatments, and to investigate the loss of work of patients and the burden incurred by the healthcare system.
Materials and Methods
This retrospective multicentre study included all orthopaedic referrals, who were admitted to two major trauma departments in Diyarbakır from January 2022 to July 2022. Patient data were analyzed, including demographic characteristics, injury pattern, types of injury and subsequent treatment.
Results
In a total of 62 patients, 105 orthopaedic injuries were identified in 62 patients, comprising 72.5% males and 27.5% females, with a median age of 34.21 years. Fifty-six (90.3%) patients were riders, and six were pedestrians. All the e-scooters were rented. There were 44 fractures (41.9 % of the total recorded injuries) including 8 (12.9 %) open fractures. Surgery was required by 32 patients (51.6%) and 35 (56.4%) required hospital admission leading to hospitalization of 3.7 days on average. The average job loss of working patients after injury was determined as 2.4 months. Helmet use was detected in 6.4% of the e-scooter users but no other protective equipment was detected in any of the patients, and 19,3% of the patients had a blood alcohol level of>10 mg/dl.
Conclusions
The injuries that may result from an e-scooter accident can have high mortality, long-term hospitalization and long-term job loss in the community. This imposes a significant financial burden on the national healthcare system and adversely affects public health. There is a need for precautions to be implemented such as infrastructure organisation, increased awareness of motor vehicle drivers and e-scooter drivers, and increased enforcement of rule compliance including not using e scooters after alcohol consumption and the use of protective equipment.
Screening of Atrial Fibrillation in Dental Practices: a qualitative feasibility study
Authors: Hassan Amaar , Moreno-Lopez Rosa , Lane Deirdre , Lip Gregory , Harris Rebecca , Mughal Asfa , Weir Corina 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Introduction: To increase the detection of unknown atrial fibrillation (AF), general practitioners have started screening their patients using small devices. It is thought that can also be utilised as they have regular access to patients.
Aims: This qualitative study aimed to explore perceptions and barriers of dental staff for screening of AF using a hand-held electronic device in primary dental care.
Setting: A large mixed NHS and private general dental practice in the Northwest of England
Methods: Views from staff included dentists, dental therapists, dental nurses, and managers. Interviews were semi-structured, face-to-face, audio recorded and transcribed verbatim. The interviews continued until there were no new themes or patterns emerging from the data and thematic saturation had been achieved.
Results: Eleven participants were interviewed, and main themes generated were methodology for screening, acceptability for screening within the practice, attitudes to screening, and implementation of screening. Overall, participants were positive about implementing screening in a dental practice but expressed concerns about time and remuneration. Staff also gave encouraging feedback regarding the simplicity of the portable screening device.
Conclusions: Participants felt that AF screening was a good concept but may be challenging to implement in NHS Dentistry, especially due to the pandemic.
Can we easily and accurately predict the occurrence of bone nonunion after posterior lumbar interbody fusion based on the lumbar indentation value and the new muscle health grade?
Authors: He Peifeng , Wang Minglang , Zhou Qingzhong , Lei Fei , Yuan Hao , Chen Zan , Li Songke , He Qiang , Feng Daxiong , Zheng Lipeng 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: The degeneration of lumbar paraspinal muscles has been confirmed to affect bone nonunion after posterior lumbar interbody fusion combined with pedicle screw fixation (PLIF-PSF). However, there is still no convenient and accurate muscle evaluation method to predict bone nonunion after PLIF-PSF. This study aims to provide a rapid and feasible muscle evaluation method for clinical front-line surgeons to predict bone nonunion after PLIF-PSF.
Methods: A total of 236 patients who received PLIF-PSF at L3–L4, L4–L5, and L5-S1 segments and the follow-up for 1 year were analyzed retrospectively. Based on the analysis of the preoperative lumbar magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), the lumbar indentation value (LIV), the cross-sectional area of paralumbar muscles/body mass index (PL–CSA/BMI), and the Goutallier classification were measured at the intervertebral disc of the L4-L5 segment, and the new muscle health grade was performed. According to the bone nonunion of these patients evaluated by lumbar X-ray, they were divided into the bone union group and the bone nonunion group.
Results: In terms of LIV and PL–CSA/BMI, the bone union group was higher than the bone nonunion group at L4-L5 segments (p=0.02, 0.03). In terms of the Goutallier classification, the proportion of patients at grade 3 or 4 in the bone nonunion group was significantly higher than that in the bone union group (P < 0.01, =0.04, and =0.02). In addition, the proportion of patients at a poor muscle health grade in the bone nonunion group was significantly higher than that in the bone union group (P < 0.01, < 0.01, and < 0.01). Through the binary logistic regression, it can be revealed that the new muscle health grade was an independent predictor of bone nonunion after PLIF-PSF (p=0.01, 0.01, and 0.03).
Conclusions: Compared with LIV, PL–CSA/BMI, and Goutallier classification, the new muscle health classification is more effective in predicting bone nonunion, and it is expected to be applied in clinical practice. Moreover, it can be further confirmed that the degeneration of lumbar paraspinal muscles is an important factor affecting bone nonunion.
DWPMIndex: a distributed spatiotemporal data index
Authors: Tang Na , Luo Kaiyuan , Lu Jieyu , Li Jingjing , Tang Yong 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
With the GPS mobile devices were widely used and the rapid development of wireless network communication technology. A large number of Moving-Object data that contains spatiotemporal attributes has appeared in our worldwide. However, it is always a hot research issue about how to efficiently store, manage, query, and analyze these massive but valuable spatiotemporal data.This paper proposes a distributed NoSQL index, DWPMIndex (Distributed Weighted Phase-point Moving Object Index) which is based on the Hadoop platform, a distributed infrastructure developed by Apache. DWPMIndex mainly provides data partitioning technology, global index, and local index. We adopted a data partition algorithm for moving objects based on the sampled road segment data which satisfied "balanced partition" and "local dispersion". Furthermore, we creatively design two indexing data structures, i.e., QMS-tree (Quad-tree based on Median point to Split) and WPM-tree (Weighted Phase-point Moving Object Tree), which accelerates global and local indexing tremendously. DWPMIndex can support plentiful queries efficiently, including Spatio-temporal range query, spatial range query, and trajectory query. Experimental results show the powerful query efficiency and scalability of DWPMIndex.
A Field Study on Thermal Comfort Status of Vernacular Dwellings in Cold Regions of China, Taking Linyi as An Example
Authors: Duan Yuechen , Zhang Tao , Jiao ZhuangQing , Ye Xin , Hu QiNian , Gao Weijun 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
With the deepening of Chinese rural revitalization in recent years, residents' requirements for indoor thermal environment are increasing. It is widely agreed that the indoor thermal environment of vernacular dwellings in cold areas of China is poor in winter, which seriously affects the thermal comfort and health status of residents. Therefore, in light of indoor thermal comfort improvement, this paper first measured the indoor thermal environment of vernacular dwellings in Linyi City, and found that the indoor thermal environment in winter is very bad, and the indoor thermal environment in summer is relatively comfortable. Secondly, by conducting a thermal sensory investigation, we found that the local residents' adaptability to the local cold climate in winter is greater than that to the hot and humid climate in summer. In addition, to identify residents’ comfort range, we established a scatter plot of the relationship between the ambient temperature and the residents' thermal sensory, which show that the residents' comfort range of 23.3℃~30.0℃ in summer and 11.25℃~17.5℃ in winter. This study compares the current indoor thermal environment of vernacular dwellings with the thermal comfort range of residents from the perspective of users, which can be used as a guide and hopefully these results can provide data support for the future indoor thermal comfort improvement in rural vernacular dwellings in Chinese cold rural areas.
Texture analyses of the lateral pterygoid muscle in young patients with temporomandibular disorder based on magnetic resonance imaging: a clinical study
Authors: Luo Dan , Qiu Cheng , Zhou Ruizhi , Shan Tao , Yan Wenjing , Yang Jianjun 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Objectives
The aim of this study was to investigate the etiology of temporomandibular disorder (TMD) in young patients using clinical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of the lateral pterygoid muscle (LPM).
Materials and methods
The patients were divided into four groups: healthy control, disc without displacement (DWoD), disc displacement with reduction (DDWR), and disc displacement without reduction (DDWoR) groups. Demographic information and clinical symptoms of patients in each group were recorded. LPM textures on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were compared among all groups. LPM fasciculation was examined.
Results
Patient sex or age did not differ significantly among groups, while several clinical symptoms and signs and some LPM texture parameters did. The proportion of type B LPM fascicles was significantly higher in DDWR and DDWoR groups than in healthy control and DWoD groups.
Conclusion
In this study, patients in DDWR and DDWoR groups showed unclear texture, no obvious regularity, and relatively uniform gray distribution on MRI of LPM.
Clinical relevance
This study found that the texture of the LPM in young TMD patients was different from that in normal people, especially in TMD patients with anterior disc displacement. Changes of the LPM may affect the position of the articular disc, thus provides a direction for scholars to study the etiology of TMD.
Needs of early intervention services in community-based integrated mental health care systems in Japan
Authors: Uchino Takashi , Fukui Eriko , Takubo Youji , Iwai Momoko , Katagiri Naoyuki , Tsujino Naohisa , Imamura Haruhiko , Fujii Chiyo , Tanaka Kuniaki , Shimizu Tetsuo , Nemoto Takahiro 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Purpose: There is a global movement to develop and implement community-based integrated mental health systems. The present study aimed to clarify needs and perceptions of early intervention in those systems among individuals with mental illness and healthy people in Japan.
Methods: A new questionnaire was developed for this internet survey. Data from 500 outpatients with depression and 500 healthy subjects were sampled according to the demographics of the Japanese population and were analyzed descriptively.
Results: Over 90% of healthy subjects and over 70% of patients were unaware of the common age of onset or lifetime prevalence of mental illness. Over 90% of the healthy subjects and about 70% of the patients could not describe any services where they would feel comfortable discussing mental health problems. In both groups, “adolescents and young adults” were ranked first as a target population for mental health and illness policies. The top requirements for the integrated care systems were mainly related to early intervention, such as promotion and awareness of correct knowledge of mental illness, preventive support for mental health problems before the onset of mental illness, and support for people in the early years after illness onset.
Conclusion: The dissemination of correct knowledge and awareness-raising actions for society and the implementation of specific services targeting the early stage of mental illness are societal requirements. These services need to be considered as components in the integrated mental health care systems that are currently being established in Japan.
DDoS Attack Detection and Classification Using Hybrid Model for Multi-controller SDN
Authors: Gebremeskel Tewelde Gebremedhin , Gemeda Ketema Adere , T Gopi Krishna , Perumalla Janaki Ramulu 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Software-Defined Network (SDN) brings a lot of advantages to the world of networking through its flexibility and centralized management; however this centralized control makes it susceptible to different types of attacks. Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) is one of the most dangerous attacks which can frequently launch DDoS attacks towards the controller in order to make it out of service. This work takes the special ability of SDN to propose a solution that an implementation running at the multi-controller to detect DDoS attack at the early stage. The method not only detect the attacks but also identify the attacking paths and start a mitigation process to provide protection for the network devices the moment an attack is detected. This method is based on the entropy variation of the destination host targeted with its IP address and can detect the attack within the first 250 packets of malicious traffic attacking a particular host. Then, fine-grained packet-based detection is performed using deep learning model to classify the attack into different type of attack categories. Lastly, the controller sends the updated traffic information to neighbor controllers. To avoid a single point of controller failure, a multi-controller which is a logically centralized and physically distributed controller has used. The issues related to lack of detailed attack description have been addressed using categorical classification which is allowed to make specific attack descriptions by considering the traffic coming to the controller. The chi-square (x2) test feature selection algorithm has also employed to reveal the most relevant features that scored the highest in the provided data set. The experiment result demonstrate that the proposed Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) model achieved an accuracy of up to 99.42% using the data set CIC-DDoS2019 which has the potential to detect and classify the DDoS attack traffic effectively in the multi-controller SDN environment. In this regard, it has enhanced accuracy level to 0.42% when we compared with RNN-AE model with data set CIC-DDoS2019, while it has improved up to 0.44% in comparison with CNN model with different data set ICICDDoS2017.
Marital status is an independent prognostic factor for Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma patients: An analysis of the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database
Authors: Yang Yong-jing , Diao Jian-dong , Xu De-quan , Wang Xue , Wu Chun-jiao 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Objectives
The effect of marital status on the prognosis of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) has not been strictly studied. Therefore, the present study focused on exploring whether marital status was related to ICC prognosis.
Methods
This study chose cases from Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database during the 2004–2015 period. Cancer-specific survival (CSS) and overall survival (OS) were compared between married and unmarried groups.
Results
We enrolled 4550 eligible cases, among them, 2760 were married (60.66%). Married subjects had more younger age (< 65 years), male sex, white race, tumor size ≥ 5cm, grade I/II, and along with higher proportions of underwent surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy (all P < 0.05). Married cases had the CSS rates of 14.29% and 9.06% at 3 and 5 years, while those for unmarried cases were 12.06% and 8.14%, separately (P < 0.0001). In the meantime, married cases had the OS rates of 13.30% and 8.06% at 3 and 5 years, whereas those for unmarried cases were 10.72% and 7.92%, separately (P < 0.0001). Upon multivariate regression, marital status was identified to be the factor that independently predicted patient prognosis, and married cases had superior CSS [hazard ratio (HR):0.903; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.844–0.966; P = 0.003] as well as OS (HR: 0.903; 95%CI: 0.845–0.965; P = 0.003). Upon subgroup analysis, married cases had prolonged CSS as well as OS to unmarried cases of almost every subgroup, especially for patients who have not received surgery, chemotherapy, or radiotherapy.
Conclusion
This study identified marital status as the factor independently predicted ICC prognosis. The dismal prognostic outcome of unmarried cases may attribute to inadequate treatments, socioeconomic and psychosocial factors.
Ferroptosis-related ACSL3 and ACTC1 predict metastasis free survival for prostate cancer patients unfergoing radical radiotherapy
Authors: Shi Xu , Feng Dechao , Zhu Weizhen , Han Ping , Yang Lu , Wei Qiang , Wei Wuran 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
BACKGROUND
To develop a ferroptosis-related gene prognostic index (FGPI) to predict biochemical recurrence and metastasis for prostate cancer (PCa) patients undergoing radical radiotherapy.
METHODS
All analyses were conducted with R version 3.6.3 and its suitable packages.
RESULTS
ACSL3 and ACTC1 were used to establish the FGPI score. Patients in high-risk group had higher risk of BCR (HR: 2.52, 95%CI: 1.49–4.26; p = 0.001) and metastasis (HR: 4.89, 95%CI: 2.12–11.29; p = 0.001) than those in low-risk group, and these results were consistent with external validation of TCGA database (BCR: HR:1.74, 95%CI: 1.04–2.91; MFS: HR: 2.23, 95%CI: 1.44–3.44). Moreover, the diagnostic accuracy of FGPI was also confirmed. Patients in higher expression of lncRNA PART1 had significantly lower risk of metastasis compared to their counterpart (HR: 0.27, 95%CI: 0.10–0.72). Gene set enrichment analysis showed that high-risk patients were negatively associated with integrin signaling pathway, laminin interactions, and fatty acid biosynthesis. PHA-793887 might be sensitive to ACSL3 and ACTC1, and the possible cell lines used to investigate were PC3 and DU145.
CONCLUSIONS
We found that FGPI based on ACSL3 and ACTC1 might be used to predict BCR and metastasis probability for PCa patients.
Incorporating tree diversity for a better understanding of urban form-air quality relationships through mobile monitoring
Authors: Tian Ye , Wang An , Mora Simone , deSouza Priyanka , Yao Xiaobai , Duarte Fabio , Lin Hui , Ratti Carlo 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Context: Air pollution is a major threat to landscape ecology and public health. The conventional LUR (Land Use Regression) method has been developed mostly based on 2-D urban form and emission source information. Besides, the effects of tree diversity on air quality have not been adequately addressed.
Objectives: This study explores the integration of 2-D and 3-D urban form metrics and examines the impact of tree diversity in urban form-air quality relationships.
Methods: We introduce these predictors into the LUR tools using unique NO2 datasets collected through opportunistic mobile monitoring in the Bronx, New York, and Oakland, California, and further apply lacunarity to investigate the spatial scale sensitivity for regression predictors.
Results: The lacunarity-optimized model helps to reduce the computation burden by finding the upper limit of the spatial heterogeneity of predictors while keeping the model accuracy in both Bronx (R2≈0.50) and Oakland (R2≈0.79). Furthermore, although deciduous trees are surrounded by the highest NO2 concentrations (9.73 ppb and 3.61 ppb in the Bronx and Oakland, respectively), the increase in tree diversity could facilitate the reduction of NO2 concentration. However, according to the non-monotonic and marginal effects of tree diversity on NO2 concentration, a higher level of tree diversity is not always better.
Conclusions: It is reasonable to seek a balance between the diversity and dominance of tree species to effectively improve air quality on the city scale. The findings are useful for both environmental scientists striving for better air quality and urban planners that care for the well-being of cities.