bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ethnic disparities in multi-morbidity in women of reproductive age in the UK: a data linkage study
Authors: Catalao R. , Ashworth M. , Hatch S. , Howard L. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionFew studies have explored ethnic inequalities in physical and mental health in women at preconception.ObjectivesExplore inequalities in multimorbidity in women of reproductive age.MethodsData from Lambeth DataNet, anonymized primary care records of this ethnically diverse London borough, linked to anonymized electronic mental health records (“CRIS secondary care database”) were extracted on preconception risk factors including BMI, smoking, alcohol, substance misuse, micronutrient deficiencies and physical health diagnoses for women aged 15-40 with an episode of secondary mental health care (January 2008-December 2018) and no pregnancy codes (n=3,633) and a 4:1 age-matched comparison cohort (n=14,532) .ResultsWomen in contact with mental health services (whether with or without SMI diagnoses) had a higher prevalence of all risk factors and physical health diagnoses studied after adjustment for deprivation and ethnicity. Women from minority ethnic groups [79.5% of total sample] were less likely to be diagnosed with depression in primary care compared to White British women [adj OR 0.66 (0.55- 0.79) p<0.001] and Black women were more likely to have a severe mental illness [adj OR 3.41(2.63-4.43), p<0.001]. Black and Asian women were less likely to smoke or misuse substances and more likely to be vitaminD deficient. Black women were also significantly more likely to be overweight [adj OR 4.56(3.96-5.24 p <0.001] and have two or more physical health conditions [adj OR 2.98(2.19-4.07) p<0.001] than White British women after adjustment for deprivation and SMI diagnoses.ConclusionsOur results highlight a need for culturally centered integrative models of care across primary and secondary mental health services.DisclosureClosing the Gap is funded by UK Research and Innovation and their support is gratefully acknowledged (Grant reference: ES/S004459/1). Any views expressed here are those of the project investigators and do not necessarily represent the views of the Closing
Containing Chaos: A Self-Reflection of a Final Year Medical Student’s Elective in a High Security Psychiatric Hospital
Authors: Nieuwoudt R. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionThroughout training, medical students are often only exposed to a limited selection of psychiatric specialities, predominantly general adult inpatient settings. This medical student had the opportunity to undergo a placement at a high security forensic hospital. With only three such hospitals in England, this is an environment that few students and even qualified doctors have been able to experience. In this presentation, the author will explore their prior expectations, key skills gained, and surprising realisations that made the elective highly valuable.ObjectivesTo reflect on the skills learned and revelations made during the elective period and share these as a presentation.MethodsThe author completed a 6-week placement at Ashworth High Security Psychiatric Hospital. He then reflected on his experiences.ResultsThis placement allowed the development of a range of skills and personal discoveries. The skills included enhanced personal safety awareness, improved use of varied communication styles, and de-escalation and management techniques with higher risk patients. The main finding was the fine line between Ashworth’s patients and mainstream society, and how easily these two entities can overlap. Carl Jung spoke of a ‘shadow’ that must be integrated, and the humanity within each patient made this philosophical concept a sobering reality.ConclusionsHigh security placements are valuable educational opportunities and teach important skills, not often found in the current medical school curriculum. These placements offer the transferable communication and interpersonal skills essential in any budding psychiatrist, and also provide a vital environment for self-reflection and personal growth.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Bio-psycho-social model of aggressive behaviour
Authors: Mihai A. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionThe state of knowledge from scientific literature will be presented from biologic perspective, psychopathology and social context in development of agression.ObjectivesThe aim of this presentation is to create a bio-psycho-socio model of agression.MethodsThe literature research in risk factors of aggressive behaviour was done, and the results grouped in three domains biologic, psychologic and social. A didactic bio-psycho-socio model was constructed.Results
The complex picture of aggressivity could be distorted if we reduce understanding to a narrow super-specialization perspective. This presentation enlarge approach with genetic, endocrine, neurologic, psychologic and sociologic perspective. All this data will be include in a schematic bio-psycho-socio model, and describe the application in mental health practice in understanding the patients with psychiatric disorder. The main result will be a Bio-psycho-social model of aggressive behavior, which could be helpful in understanding and predicting aggressive behavior.ConclusionsComplex perspective of aggresive behaviour could help better understand and prevent aggresive behaviourDisclosureNo significant relationships.
The influence of child and adolescent maltreatment on personality disorders and criminal activity in adult women
Authors: Kachaeva M. , Kharitonova N. , Semenova N. , Rusakovskaya O. , Vasyanina V. , Shishkina O. , Skibina N. , Nazarova L. 
Published: September 2022

Introduction
Since the rates of female criminality are rising it would appear important to conduct the study of the relationship between criminal behaviour and psychiatric diagnoses in female offenders.ObjectivesThe main purpose of this investigation is to find out origins of crimes in women and to reveal the influence of child and adolescent maltreatment on personality disorders in adult women.MethodsClinical psychopathological, psychological, statistical.ResultsA cohort of 13 females with diagnosis of personality disorders was examined. All of them had committed crimes of violence. In the majority of the sample women had a previous history of psychiatric admissions (child psychiatric hospitals, adolescent units). The retrospective review revealed that the majority of women in their childhood were exposed to emotional, physical and sexual abuse in their families. Our results point that maltreatment may distort personality formation and social adjustment and contribute to behaviour problems, negative relation to socialization and criminal behaviour in adulthood.ConclusionsThe study revealed that psychiatric disorders in childhood and adolescence are predictive of adult criminality in females and also revealed the risk of girls who are victims of maltreatment to become a perpetrator in adulthood. This findings may be used as prognostic indicators of development of aggression in female forensic patients.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Use of the results of the study of oral fluid and buccal epithellium in the diagnosis of Alzheimer`s disease
Authors: Sidenkova A. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionThe aim of the study was a comparative analysis of the results of neuropsychological tests with the indicators of the study of oral fluid and buccal epithelium cytograms in patients with Alzheimer’s disease.ObjectivesIn the main group of 12 patients with Alzheimer’s disease, m=76.25±4.89. There were 12 cognitively healthy people in the control group. The average MMSE score among the observations of the main group was 13.42±3.63.MethodsThe ADAS-COG scale was used to detail the impaired cognitive functions. The concomitant pathology is compensated. The content of BDNF, TNF-α, IL1RA, IL-6, and IL-8 was determined in the oral fluid and in the blood serum.Results
When analyzing buccal cytograms, attention was drawn to a pronounced increase in the number of cells with micronuclei in patients with AD to 1.8%; in the control group, the median was 0.1% (p<0.05). A direct correlation was established between the number of binuclear cells and the level of BDNF in the blood serum (r=0.646; p=0.03) in patients with AD. It is also important to note that the level of serum BDNF had a significant direct correlation with immediate memory, and the concentration of salivary BDNF correlates with the parameter of naming objects.ConclusionsCorrelations between amnesia, speech disorders, praxis, gnosis and pathology of the oral fluid and buccal epithelium, especially with the severity of karyopycnosis and karyorexis, have been established, indicating a direct correlation between the neurodegenerative process pathogenetically associated with Alzheimer’s disease and the processes of systemic inflammation and degeneration of the buccal epithelium.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
I am the best and I have everything in life
Authors: Vallecillo Adame C. , Jiménez Aparicio T. , De Andrés Lobo C. , Gonzaga Ramírez A. , Queipo De Llano De La Viuda M. , Guerra Valera G. , Santos Carrasco I. , Gonçalves Cerejeira J. , Fernández Lozano M. , Mateos Sexmero M.J. , Rodríguez Rodríguez B. , Navarro Barriga N. , De Uribe Viloria N. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionMegalomanic ideas in a patient with limited intellectual functioning may be due to the psychotic clinic or be the result of their disability.ObjectivesThis case is intended to highlight the importance of a joint approach between psychiatrists and psychologists to assess functionality before and after the psychotic episode.Methods34-year-old woman with no mental health history. She came to the emergency department for an episode of aggression at home. Her parents report that they have observed strange behaviour, she is more aggressive, speaks alone, changing voices and global insomnia in the last few days. Her language is incoherent and disorganised, with a long response latency. Megalomaniacal and catastrophic delusions. Possible auditory hallucinations and thought control phenomena.ResultsDuring admission, antipsychotic treatment was introduced with good tolerance and response on the part of the patient. She has been distancing herself from the ideas and has become somewhat critical. A psychological evaluation was carried out with different scales that showed borderline IQ.ConclusionsIt is important to make a good assessment of the patient’s symptoms in order to make a differential diagnosis. In this case, it is advisable to carry out a control and follow-up, as well as a neuropsychological assessment before and after the acute episode. In addition, a multidisciplinary approach with psychologists, psychiatrists and social workers is important.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Influence of assisted outpatient living in people with intellectual disabilities on individual quality of life and resilience – design of a doctoral thesis
Authors: Raczkiewicz V. , Neumann A. , Buchberger B. 
Published: September 2022

Introduction
The research field of disability and mental health is politically and socially relevant, because the psychological well-being of people with intellectual disabilities has often been trivialized in therapy and legislation. Since the pursuit of mental health is coming into focus due to removal of stigma and emerging awareness, people with disabilities must have equal opportunities to choose their place of residence and get suitable psychosocial support.Objectives
Our aim is to investigate the influence of assisted outpatient treatment (AOT) on the quality of life and resilience of people with intellectual disabilities who are living self-determined.MethodsA participatory mixed-methods design is chosen as it enables the greatest possible standardization and allows a high flexibility. The project will be divided into three parts: A systematic literature search to gain knowledge about the field and to estimate the sample size, a pre-post-comparison of the WHOQOL-BREF to evaluate AOT in terms of self-perceived quality of life and a focus-group of handicapped people to reflect the study results with attention on resilience.ResultsTo foster the doctoral thesis, several questions can be discussed: 1) How is the relation of disability and mental health to be described? 2) What might be the pros and cons of self-determined living? 3) Which steps need to be taken to implement AOT more often?ConclusionsThe topic is relevant in the public health sector and the results could help to sensitize professionals and the general society regarding to participation in everyday life. The recommendations developed may serve to implement comparable forms of housing.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Carer involvement in the transition from inpatient to community mental healthcare: Experiences of stakeholders
Authors: Kouroupa A. , Petkari E. , Giacco D. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionThe involvement of informal carers (family and friends) in the care of people with severe mental illness (SMI) contributes to positive clinical outcomes, such as relapse prevention and symptom reduction. To date, the care pathway between inpatient and community care is not clearly defined impeding the smooth transition for patients, whilst carers are still barely involved in shared decision-making processes.ObjectivesTo investigate the views and experiences of patients with SMI, carers and clinicians regarding the transition from inpatient to community mental health services.MethodsFour mixed focus groups were conducted with individuals with SMI (n=12), carers (n=10) and clinicians (n=9) across four different mental health catchment areas in England. Participants discussed their experiences and provided their views on facilitators, barriers and solutions for carer involvement during the transition between mental health services. Data were analysed using thematic analysis.ResultsAll stakeholders highlighted that factors that impede carer involvement are related to: confidentiality issues, unmet (structural and organisational) needs, and carer expectations. Patients with SMI, carers and clinicians agreed that carer involvement can be improved by providing psychoeducation to carers and training to staff, having accessible and transparent clinical procedures, and allocating specialised staff to carers.ConclusionsThe study findings emphasise that carer involvement is still overlooked, particularly when adults with SMI transition between services. The results provide guidance for practice emphasising the need for systematic involvement of carers across inpatient care, and for future research proposing effective ways of maximising carer involvement in mental health care.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Conformity to masculine norms and self-stigma of help-seeking are not unique barriers to formal help-seeking in men, but are also relevant for women
Authors: Komlenac N. , Maresch F. , Lamp E. , Hochleitner M. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionStudies that explain men’s reduced willingness for formal help-seeking for depressive symptoms often did not analyze whether assumed unique barriers, namely, conformity to masculine norms (CMN), reduced self-compassion, and self-stigma are also linked to women’s help-seeking behavior.ObjectivesThe current study analyzed whether CMN, self-compassion, and self-stigma for help-seeking are linked to women’s and men’s willingness to seek formal help for depressive symptoms.Methods
German-speaking participants (N=481; 68.8% women, 31.2% men; Mage=35.6, SD=14.2) of an online-questionnaire study read a vignette about a character with depressive symptoms. Participants indicated how likely they would be to seek medical or psychological help if they were in the character’s situation. Furthermore, the Conformity to Masculine Norms Inventory, Self-Stigma of Seeking Help scale, and Self-Compassion Scale were used.ResultsWomen and men were moderately willing to seek formal help for depressive symptoms. A manifest path model revealed that strong CMN and low self-compassion were linked to strong self-stigma in women and men. Strong self-stigma was associated with reduced help-seeking intentions. In men with low self-compassion CMN was directly linked to reduced willingness for help-seeking. In women and men with strong self-compassion no direct, but indirect links between CMN and reduced help-seeking intentions via self-stigma were found.ConclusionsCMN and self-stigma of help-seeking were not unique barriers in men, but also were relevant for women’s formal help-seeking intentions. Even though increased self-compassion was associated with decreased self-stigma, interventions that aim to increase self-compassion may not help increase help-seeking behaviors.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
The impact of early and late childcare experience on cognitive functions
Authors: Békefi A.Z. , Kárpáti J. , Futó J. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionPrevious studies have found long lasting cognitive delays among children with early childcare experience, especially institutionalised experience. However, little is known about institutions’ effect in late childhood.ObjectivesOur goal is to identify the characteristics of cognitive functions in connection to attachment related anxiety among adopted children and children living in institutional care.MethodsThe participants’ (N=68, Mage=14.20, 29 boys and 39 girls) cognitive functions were measured with the following tests: Rey15 Memory Task, Knock And Tap Task, Simon Says Test, Verbal Fluency Task, D-KEFS 20 Questions Test. Participants completed two questionnaires: the Family Affluence Scale and the Experiences In Close Relationships Revised Scale. The results from the adopted children (N=19) and children living in institutional care (N=18) were compared to the matched control group: children living with their biological parents (N=31).ResultsChildren living in institutional care did not differ significantly from their (SES-based) matched controls. Children adopted after the age of 2 years (N=7, M =56,57month) and the low SES control group (N=14) differed from the high SES control group on tests of attention (Verbal Fluency Task, Mhigh.c.=212.50, Mad.aft.2=193.50, U=59.50, z=-2.62, p=0.009) and verbal memory (Rey15, Mhigh.c.=17.94, Mad.aft.2=9.18, U=35.00, z=-2.79, p=0.005). Children adopted before the age of 2 years differed from the high SES control as well, in inhibition (Simon Says Test, Mhigh.c.=12.26, Mad.bef.2=18.88, U=55.55, z
=-2.23, p=0.026).ConclusionsOur findings suggest that only in the early years is child protection experience associated with long-lasting cognitive delays and attachment related anxiety.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
The association between lifestyle factors, and physical and mental health in inpatients with MI: a network analysis
Authors: Den Bleijker N. , Van Schothorst M. , Hendriksen I. , Cahn W. , Deenik J. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionPeople with mental illness (MI) have a reduced life expectancy compared to the general population, mostly attributable to somatic diseases caused by poor physical health. Lifestyle factors (exercise, sleep, diet, substance use) are associated with poor physical and mental health. Although lifestyle factors, and physical and mental health are believed to be interconnected, research has mainly focused on one-sided relationships. Currently, we are implementing a lifestyle focussed approach in treatment, in which we assess lifestyle factors as well as physical and mental health of people with MI on a large scale (˜850 places of residence).ObjectivesTo investigate the association between lifestyle factors, and physical and mental health in people with MI.MethodsBaseline data from an open cohort cluster randomized stepped wedge study. Lifestyle factors (exercise, sleep, diet, substance use), physical health, medication use and psychological health (symptoms, quality of life) were assessed using data from patient files and questionnaires. Associations will be analysed with network analyses.ResultsFirst results (N≈1600) show that 54% of patients have high blood pressure, 51% have excessive waist circumference, 46% are experiencing sleep problems, 71% smoke and 88% do not meet exercise guidelines. Patients experience a lower quality of life compared to the general population.ConclusionsInitial results show that patients have poor physical health, low quality of life and an unhealthy lifestyle. Further analyses are currently being conducted to gain insight in the complex pattern between lifestyle factors, and physical and mental health. This can contribute to the improvement of routine clinical care.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
“Care is needed the most, when it is deserved the least” – the experience of BPD-women
Authors: Jensen M.E. , Andreasson K. , Vinberg M. , Oestergaard L. 
Published: September 2022

Introduction

BPD are often characterized by dependence, affectability, unpredictability, impulsivity and self-destructiveness. Paradoxically, the symptoms associated with BPD are the same behaviors that makes them difficult to accommodate by health professionals. They constitute the most excluded and stigmatized patient group.ObjectivesTo gain knowledge on how BPD patients felt acknowledged when they experienced the need for professional help.MethodsWe conducted semi-structured interviews with six BPD-women, aged between 18 to 46, all inpatient at different psychiatric units in the Capital Region of Denmark. The data were analyzed and interpreted through meaning condensation. We entered the philosophical hermeneutic framework of Hans-Georg Gadamer.ResultsWe found that the women experienced that; the diagnosis was a filter, in which they were always viewed and judged through as “just another BPD-patient” and not a unique individual. their cry for help was expected to be verbalized in a certain manner and therefore was often not understood nor heard, but instead they experienced to be scolded by health professionels. the emergency plan became a legitimate way for the health care professionals to avoid spending to many resources, rather than a helpful tool. the psychiatry as a unit was largely characterized by stigmatization and a distrustful attitude towards them. Therefore they felt deeply dependent on meeting that one special health professional who were experienced to have a genuine interest and desire to help them.ConclusionsFindings correspond with the findings of existing research. Hence, there also seems to be significant barriers nationally for patients with BPD to experience being acknowledged and helped, when in need of professional help.DisclosureNo significant relationships.