bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Hepatic Impairment on the Pharmacokinetics of Intravenously Administered Felcisetrag (TAK‐954)
Authors: Czerniak Richard , Cieslarová Blanka , Kupčová Viera , Rosario Maria , Lock Ruth , Dong Cheng , Dukes George 
Published: March 2022

AbstractFelcisetrag (formerly known as TAK‐954) is a selective serotonin receptor agonist under investigation for use in patients with postoperative gastrointestinal dysfunction. The safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics (PK) of intravenous (i.v.) felcisetrag have been studied, but little is known about the effect of hepatic impairment on the PK of the drug. This phase 1, non‐randomized, open‐label study compared the PK of a single 60‐minute i.v. infusion of felcisetrag between healthy individuals (n = 8) and patients with moderate (n = 10) or severe (n = 7) hepatic impairment. The primary study end points were the total and free maximum observed plasma concentration of felcisetrag at the end of infusion (Cmax), area under the concentration–time curve (AUC) from time 0 to the time of the last quantifiable concentration (AUClast), and AUC from time 0 to infinity (AUCinf). Concentration–time profiles of felcisetrag were similarly shaped between groups but revealed lower concentrations of total plasma felcisetrag with increasing severity of hepatic impairment, whereas concentrations of free felcisetrag increased. The ratios of AUClast and AUCinf for patients with severe hepatic impairment were up to 29.3% lower for total felcisetrag and up to 29.2% higher for free felcisetrag than found in healthy individuals (P < .05). Infusions were well tolerated with no discontinuations, severe adverse events, or deaths during the study. Overall, the effect of hepatic impairment on exposure to felcisetrag was minimal, suggesting that dose adjustment may be unnecessary in patients with hepatic impairment.
Myometrial wall thickness ratio—A nomogram reference for diagnosing myometrial wall asymmetry
Authors: Garcia Daniel , Ivanez Maria , Salazar Blanca , Ramirez Barbara , Olaso Fatima , Alcázar Juan Luis 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectiveDefining the normal range for the anterior/posterior myometrial wall thickness ratio in a cohort of women without adenomyosis or any other uterine wall anomaly on ultrasound examination.MethodsAnterior and posterior miometrial wall thickness was measured in 555 women (mean age 34.6 years old, range: 20–50 years) without any ultrasound findings of adenomiosis or other uterine pathology. Measurements were performed in the longitudinal plane of a stored 3D volume. Two observers made all measurements. The myometrial wall thickness ratio was estimated and distribution by centiles obtained. Correlation of myometrial thickness ratio with patient's age and parity was also estimated, using the Pearson's correlation coefficient. Intra‐ and inter‐observer reproducibility were estimated using the intra‐class correlation coefficient (ICC).ResultsThe mean ratio of the myometrial walls thickness (understood as anterior thickness/posterior thickness ratio) was 0.99 (95% CI: 0.96–1.01). The distribution of the ratio by centiles were as follows: 5%: 0.64, 10%: 0.70, 25%: 0.82, 50%: 0.96, 75%: 1.12, 90%: 1.30 and 95%: 1.45). The myometrial wall thickness ratio was not related to patient's age (Pearson's coefficient: 0.039, p = 0.371), neither to patient's parity (Pearson's coefficient: 0.004, p = 0.923). The ICC was 0.94 and 0.88 for observers 1 and 2, respectively. Inter‐observer reproducibility was high (ICC: 0.83).ConclusionsMyometrial thickness ratio in women with normal uterus at ultrasound examination is about 1. However, centile distribution shows that values as low as 0.64 or as high as 1.45 could be considered as normal.
Toward the development of an antibiotic stewardship competency in dental education
Authors: Kyles Billy Jason , Spivakovsky Silvia 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAntimicrobial resistance was recently described by the World Health Organization (WHO) as “a clear and present danger to global health.” It is well documented that this resistance is significantly driven by the overuse and inappropriate use of antibiotics. Impactful change can only come from the adoption of antibiotic stewardship practices in all aspects of health care. With dentistry responsible for approximately 10% of all prescribed antibiotics in the United States, there is a potential to be acutely impactful with adequate interventions. After extensively reviewing the most current national and international literature on the topic, we identified that predoctoral dental education provides a potentially impactful opportunity to introduce and support the development of responsible antibiotic practices. To that extent, we developed a detailed framework of antibiotic stewardship competencies to promote responsible best practices among dental students.
Microscopic characterization of five Artemisia crude herbs using light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and microscopic quantitative analysis
Authors: Liu Zhihao , Li Xiaolin , Zhao Yuyang , Jin Yan , Zhou Junhui , Huang Luqi , Zha Liangping , Yuan Yuan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractArtemisia annua, Artemisia argyi, Artemisia absinthium, Artemisia leucophylla and Artemisia lavandulaefolia are five herbal species of Artemisia usually misidentified, adulterated or substituted in commerce. Using light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and microscopic quantitative analysis, the transverse sections, morphological, powder and quantitative microscopic features of glandular trichome density and area were observed for correct authentication. The results indicated that microscopic characteristics such as the distribution of fiber bundles in the vascular bundle of the main vein, the shape of xylem, the density and type of non‐glandular trichomes, the morphology of T‐shaped non‐glandular trichomes, the type of calcium oxalate crystals, and the number and size of glandular trichomes can be used to authenticate the five Artemisia crude herbs. Differences in the morphology and density of glandular and non‐glandular trichomes are key features for the identification of five Artemisia species. Therefore, our study provides a more comprehensive microscopic identification diagram and additional microscopic evidence for the five Artemisia species.HighlightsThis study provides a more comprehensive microscopic identification diagram and statistical information on the glandular trichome density and area for accurate authentication of five Artemisia herbs using light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and microscopic quantitative analysis.
Factors and challenges influencing work‐related outcomes of the enforced work from home during the COVID‐19 pandemic: Preliminary evidence from Indonesia
Authors: Sutarto Auditya Purwandini , Wardaningsih Shanti , Putri Wika Harisa 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis study investigates the socio‐demographic factors and work from home challenges associated with job satisfaction and work performance. Using a cross‐sectional survey design and convenience sampling, data from 482 Indonesian employees were gathered via a web‐based questionnaire. Bivariate analysis was used to assess job satisfaction and work performance differences across several socio‐demographic factors. Hierarchical linear regression was performed to identify the contribution of socio‐demographic factors and work from home challenges on job satisfaction and work performance. All work from home challenges, with the exception of social isolation, linked significantly to job satisfaction and work performance. However, no significant differences in job satisfaction and work performance were found across most socio‐demographic factors. Our final model suggests that, after controlling socio‐demographic and work from home challenges, the length of employment and job satisfaction were the most significant determinants of work performance. This study provides insights for organizations wishing to raise employees’ satisfaction, and maximize the benefits gained by addressing work from home challenges, by improving some of the less favorable work from home practices of the past.
Motives for substance use and 6‐month substance use outcomes among detoxification patients with a history of physical or sexual abuse or posttraumatic stress disorder
Authors: Froelich Jessilyn , Timko Christine , Woodhead Erin L. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractTrauma‐exposed individuals with a history of physical or sexual abuse or documented posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) diagnosis may use substances to address trauma‐related symptoms. However, the motives for using substances among adults with a trauma history or PTSD are unclear despite their informative role in treatment planning. Additionally, trauma is associated with poorer substance use outcomes, although this has not been examined among detoxification patients. The current study examined motives for substance use at baseline and substance use outcomes during 6 months postbaseline among 298 veteran detoxification patients (i.e., alcohol, opioids, or both) with and without (a) a history of physical or sexual abuse and (b) a PTSD diagnosis. At baseline, participants with a physical or sexual abuse history were more likely to report the use of substances to temporarily lower stress, forget problems, and avoid uncomfortable feelings than those without this history, ds = 0.25–0.40. Compared with participants without a PTSD diagnosis, participants with diagnosed PTSD were more likely to report using substances to temporarily lower stress, d = 0.25. Longitudinal analyses demonstrated that the baseline characteristics of physical abuse history, sexual abuse history, and diagnosed PTSD were all associated with higher scores on a measure of risk factors for relapse (e.g., cravings, family/social problems) as assessed during the postdetoxification period, φ = .13, .10, and .09, respectively. Detoxification patients with physical and/or sexual abuse histories or PTSD diagnoses may need treatments that better address trauma symptoms to help them sustain abstinence.
Survival of white‐tailed deer fawns on Marine Corps Base Quantico
Authors: Aubin Gisèle R. , Nye Christa C. , Rohm John H. , Stamps R. T. , Ford W. Mark , Cherry Michael J. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSome jurisdictions in the eastern United States have reduced harvest of white‐tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) because of perceived declines in recruitment and population size over the last decade. Although the restoration of American black bears (Ursus americanus) and the colonization of coyotes (Canis latrans) have increased fawn predation in some areas, limited information exists on how temporally dynamic resources and weather influence fawn survival. Therefore, we evaluated fawn survival probability, cause specific mortality, and if factors such as oak (Quercus spp.) mast abundance, winter severity, precipitation, and landscape composition influenced mortality risk on Marine Corps Base Quantico in northern Virginia, USA, from 2008 to 2019. We tracked 248 fawns outfitted with very high frequency radio‐collars and predation was the leading cause of mortality (n = 42; 45%). We estimated survival to 133 days and survival pooling all years (2008–2019) was 0.50 (95% CI = 0.42–0.60). Increased annual red oak (Quercus spp.) mast abundance from the previous fall reduced mortality hazard for fawns. The longevity of our study revealed a link between fawn survival and a specific maternal resource (red oak mast) only available during gestation. Our results highlight the importance of oak mast in eastern deciduous forests and, more broadly, overwinter maternal condition on white‐tailed deer recruitment.
LncRNA MIR17HG promotes the proliferation, migration, and invasion of retinoblastoma cells by up‐regulating HIF‐1α expression via sponging miR‐155‐5p
Authors: Yan Jian , Deng Yi‐Xuan , Cai Yu‐Lian , Cong Wen‐Dong 
Published: March 2022

AbstractLong non‐coding RNA (lncRNA) miR‐17‐92a‐1 cluster host gene (MIR17HG) is oncogenic in several cancers. This study was aimed to probe into its expression characteristics and biological functions in retinoblastoma (RB) and to explore its role in regulating microRNA‐155‐5p (miR‐155‐5p) and hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1α (HIF‐1α). In this study, paired RB samples were collected, and expression levels of MIR17HG, miR‐155‐5p, and HIF‐1α were examined by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR); the proliferation, migration, and invasion of RB cells were detected by cell counting kit‐8 (CCK‐8) and transwell assays; qRT‐PCR and Western blot were used to analyze the changes of miR‐155‐5p expression and HIF‐1α expression. We found that MIR17HG expression was significantly up‐regulated in RB samples, which was negatively correlated with miR‐155‐5p expression. The proliferation, migration, and invasion of RB cells were promoted by MIR17HG overexpression but inhibited by MIR17HG knockdown. MiR‐155‐5p suppressed the proliferation, migration, and invasion of RB cells. MIR17HG positively regulated the expression of HIF‐1α on both mRNA and protein levels in RB cells. Additionally, miR‐155‐5p was identified as a target of MIR17HG. The data in this study suggest that MIR17HG exerts oncogenic effects in RB via the miR‐155‐5p/HIF‐1α axis.
Seasonal and functional variation in the trophic base of intermittent Alpine streams
Authors: Siebers Andre R. , Paillex Amael , Robinson Christopher T. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn high‐altitude Alpine streams, seasonal cycles of snowmelt, glacial melt, and rainfall drive variation in the availability of algal food resources. Yet, high‐altitude streams also exhibit varying degrees of flow intermittency, ranging from solely winter‐drying streams to others that dry periodically throughout summer and autumn. These environmental drivers may interact in different ways to determine the functional trophic base of macroinvertebrates inhabiting high‐altitude streams. Here, we estimated the proportional contribution of autochthonous resources to the assimilated diets of benthic macroinvertebrates in 26 headwater streams of Val Roseg, a high Alpine glacial catchment, using stable isotope analysis (δ13C and δ15N) of different macroinvertebrate families and their potential food sources. We compared dietary estimates along a gradient of flow intermittency and across three seasons (Alpine spring, summer, and autumn). Assimilation from autochthonous sources was highest for collector‐gatherers and filter feeders in spring, and for grazers in summer. Grazers had higher estimated assimilation from autochthonous sources in intermittent streams than in perennial streams, particularly in summer, while collector‐gatherers showed little effect of flow intermittency on dietary estimates. However, responses were highly taxon‐specific, with different responses to variation in flow intermittency and season across families within functional groups. Our results suggest that frequent summer‐drying events represent tradeoffs between greater access to algal food resources and a higher risk of desiccation, but that differing life history and functional feeding traits across macroinvertebrate taxa drive marked variation in the risks or benefits associated with inhabitants of drying streams.
Predicting dreissenid mussel abundance in nearshore waters using underwater imagery and deep learning
Authors: Galloway Angus , Brunet Dominique , Valipour Reza , McCusker Megan , Biberhofer Johann , Sobol Magdalena K. , Moussa Medhat , Taylor Graham W. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAccurate and cost‐effective dreissenid mussel abundance maps are vital to assess their ecological roles in aquatic systems. A deep neural network (DNN) modeling framework using semantic segmentation was developed to automatically assess the abundance distribution of two invasive mussel species: zebra and quagga. DNN models were trained on images captured in Lake Erie and Lake Ontario using an underwater color imaging technique. The accuracy of the method was assessed relative to manual laboratory counts of harvested mussels, their dry biomass, and percentage live coverage estimated from fixed‐size quadrats. Assessments performed on a test set collected from 2016 to 2018 show that DNN‐based mussel coverage predictions explain 79% of the variance in log biomass, and 71% for log abundance (N = 125). For reference, live coverage estimated by scuba divers was transformed and found to be a better predictor of biomass (93%) and abundance (91%) (N = 725), leaving room for improvement of our automated method. When identical images were presented to eight human analysts and the DNN, the agreement in live mussel coverage prediction was 85% (N = 189). Models generalize well to diverse underwater illuminations, camera orientations, and resolutions, but are adversely impacted by occluding vegetation and suspended sediment. DNN models are an efficient and accurate solution for mapping mussel abundances at a scale that was previously impossible. The method may be integrated with other studies to assess the mussels' impacts in a variety of aquatic ecosystems. Source code:https://github.com/AngusG/deep-learning-dreissenidand datahttps://doi.org/10.5683/SP3/MZEBOJfor reproducing our method are publicly available.
Preparation of Renewable Thiol‐Yne “Click” Networks Based on Fractionated Lignin for Anticorrosive Protective Film Applications
Authors: Jedrzejczyk Monika A. , Madelat Negin , Wouters Benny , Smeets Hans , Wolters Maartje , Stepanova Svetlana A. , Vangeel Thijs , Van Aelst Korneel , Van den Bosch Sander , Van Aelst Joost , Polizzi Viviana , Servaes Kelly , Vanbroekhoven Karolien , Lagrain Bert , Sels Bert F. , Terryn Herman , Bernaerts Katrien V. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe synthesis of novel, renewable lignin‐based protective films with anticorrosive properties is presented in this work. Thermosetting films are prepared by means of tandem UV‐initiated thiol‐yne “click” synthesis and Claisen rearrangement strategy. These films contain high lignin loading, 46–61%, originating from a nickel‐catalyzed birch wood reductive catalytic fractionation (RCF) process. Lignin fractions with varying monomer content are compared before resins preparation, namely a mixture of monomers and oligomers without fractionation, or after fractionation via extraction and membrane separation. This study aims to determine if the separation of lignin monomers and oligomers is necessary for the application as a thermosetting resin. The resulting films exhibit remarkable adhesion to a metal surface and excellent solvent resistance, even after exposure to a corrosive environment. Moreover, those films show superior barrier properties, studied with odd random phase electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (ORP EIS). After 21 days of exposure, the examined films still show impressive high corrosion protection with the low‐frequency impedance ≈1010 Ω cm2 and capacitive behavior. This work demonstrates an interesting proof‐of‐concept where laborious, costly, and energy‐intensive separation of the depolymerized lignin mixture of monomers and oligomers is not necessary for the successful resin synthesis with excellent properties using the applied synthetic strategy.
A Glucose Biosensor Based on Phosphorescence Lifetime Sensing and a Thermoresponsive Membrane
Authors: Dong Ping , Ko Brian S. , Lomeli Kayllie A. , Clark Emily C. , McShane Michael J. , Grunlan Melissa A. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe adoption of existing continuous glucose monitors (CGMs) is limited by user burden. Herein, a design for a glucose biosensor with the potential for subcutaneous implantation, without the need for a transcutaneous probe or affixed transmitter, is presented. The design is based on the combination of an enzyme‐driven phosphorescence lifetime‐based glucose‐sensing assay and a thermoresponsive membrane anticipated to reduce biofouling. The metalloporphyrin, Pd meso‐tetra(sulfophenyl)‐tetrabenzoporphyrin ([PdPh4(SO3Na)4TBP]3, HULK) as well as glucose oxidase (GOx) are successfully incorporated into the UV‐cured double network (DN) membranes by leveraging electrostatic interactions and covalent conjugation, respectively. The oxygen‐sensitive metalloporphyrin is incorporated at different levels within the DN membranes. These HULK‐containing membranes retain the desired thermosensitivity, as well as glucose diffusivity and primary optical properties of the metalloporphyrin. After subsequently modifying the membranes with GOx, glucose‐sensing experiments reveal that membranes prepared with the lowest GOx level exhibit the expected increase in phosphorescent lifetime for glucose concentrations up to 200 mg dL−1. For membranes prepared with relatively higher GOx, oxygen‐limited behavior is considered the source of diminished sensitivity at higher glucose levels. This proof‐of‐concept study demonstrates the promising potential of a biosensor design integrating a specific optical biosensing chemistry into a thermoresponsive hydrogel membrane.
The interaction between iodinated X‐ray contrast agents and macrocyclic GBCAs provides a signal enhancement in T1‐weighted MR images: Insights into the renal excretion pathways of Gd‐HPDO3A and iodixanol in healthy mice
Authors: Di Gregorio Enza , Arena Francesca , Gianolio Eliana , Ferrauto Giuseppe , Aime Silvio 
Published: March 2022

PurposeThis work aims to investigate the supramolecular binding interactions that occur between iodinated X‐ray contrast agents (CAs) and macrocyclic gadolinium (Gd)–based MRI contrast agents (GBCAs). This study provides some new insights in the renal excretion pathways of the two types of imaging probes.MethodsThe water‐proton relaxivities (r1) of clinically approved macrocyclic and linear GBCAs have been measured in the presence of different iodinated X‐ray contrast agents at different magnetic field strengths in buffer and in serum. The in vivo MRI and X‐ray CT of mice injected with either Gd‐HPDO3A or a Gd‐HPDO3A + iodixanol mixture were then acquired to assess the biodistribution of the two probes.ResultsA significant increase in r1 (up to approximately 200%) was observed for macrocyclic GBCAs when measured in the presence of an excess of iodinated X‐ray CAs (1:100 mol:mol) in serum. The co‐administration of Gd‐HPDO3A and iodixanol in vivo resulted in a marked increase in the signal intensity of the kidney regions in T1‐weighted MR images. Moreover, the co‐presence of the two agents resulted in the extended persistence of the MRI signal enhancement, suggesting that the Gd‐HPDO3A/iodixanol adduct was eliminated more slowly than the typical washing out of Gd‐HPDO3A.ConclusionsThe reported results show that it is possible to detect the co‐presence of iodinated agents and macrocyclic GBCAs in contrast‐enhanced MR images. The new information may be useful in the design of novel experiments toward improved diagnostic outcomes.
Constitutive modeling of principal stress rotation associated with sand under simple shear loading
Authors: Park Sung‐Sik , Nong Zhen‐Zhen , Doan Nhat‐Phi 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAn elasto‐plastic constitutive model is proposed to account for the effect of principal stress rotation that commonly occurs and significantly influences soil behavior. The model is based on a concept of adding plastic strain increments obtained from two mobilized planes: a plane of maximum shear stress which swings as the principal stress rotates, and a horizontal plane which is spatially fixed. Models based on the plane of maximum shear stress alone are particularly sensitive to horizontal effective stress ratioK0(=σ′x/σ′y), whereas the proposed model gives a similar skeleton behavior for soils at the same density and mean effective stress, regardless of the value ofK0, as observed in laboratory tests. The model is firstly calibrated by data from drained and undrained monotonic and cyclic Direct Simple Shear (DSS) tests onK0‐consolidated specimens of Nakdong River sand in loose and dense states. The capability of the proposed model in modeling of the conventional liquefaction effects: initial shear stress conditionα(=τ′xy/σ′y) withKαcorrections, and initial confining stress conditionσ´ywithKσcorrections, is also emphasized in this paper.