bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Odor induced functional connectivity alteration of POC-anterior frontal cortex-medial temporal cortex in patients with mild cognitive impairment
Authors: Li Weiping , Zhou Jianan , Li Shuying , Wu Min , Zhu Yajing , Chen Qian , Chen Futao , Ma Xuefeng , Zhang Xin , Wang Zhengge , Lu Jiaming , Zhang Bing 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundMild cognitive impairment (MCI) is associated with an increased risk of dementia in older adults. Olfactory impairment may indicate prodromal dementia, yet its underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. This study aimed to investigate the alterations in functional connectivity (FC) of odor-induced olfactory neural circuits in MCI patients.MethodsThe study included 39 MCI patients and 42 normal controls (NCs). All subjects underwent cognitive assessments, olfactory behavior tests, and odor-based functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Differences in FC within olfactory circuits were analyzed using the generalized psychophysiological interaction (gPPI) method.ResultsMild cognitive impairment patients showed significant cognitive deficits, including lower scores on the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), alongside impairments in episodic memory, visuospatial memory, executive function, language, attention, olfactory threshold, and total olfactory function. Compared to NCs, MCI patients exhibited reduced activation in the bilateral primary olfactory cortex (bPOC) during olfactory stimulation. Odor-induced bPOC activation correlated with olfactory thresholds across the cohort. During odor stimulation, MCI patients showed increased FC from the bPOC to the right anterior frontal lobe, particularly the middle frontal gyrus (MFG) and superior frontal gyrus (SFG). Conversely, FC from the right anterior frontal lobe to the medial temporal cortex, including the fusiform and parahippocampal gyri, was reduced in MCI patients. Increased FC from the bPOC to the right SFG/MFG negatively correlated with episodic memory, while decreased FC to the right fusiform/parahippocampal gyri positively correlated with attention, language ability, and olfactory identification.ConclusionThis study indicates that impaired FC within the primary olfactory cortex (POC)-anterior frontal cortex-medial temporal cortex circuit is a sensitive neuroimaging marker for early MCI identification. The primary dysfunction appears in the POC, suggesting that FC alterations from this region may provide novel diagnostic and therapeutic avenues for early intervention.
Apolipoprotein E genotype is associated with island sign in lobar intracerebral hemorrhage
Authors: Yang Qiong , Sun Haixin , Ma Xinran , Tang Lu , Liu Xiaolu , Huang Xin , Huang Xiao , Chen Yong , Tian Danyang , Zeng Xiangzhu , Li Nan , Wang Wenzhi , Fan Dongsheng 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundThe island sign is a predictor of hematoma expansion and worse outcomes in patients of spontaneous primary intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). The biological mechanism of the island sign remains unclear, but its presence might be influenced by the underlying vasculopathy related to Apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotypes. Therefore, we aimed to research the association between APOE genotypes and the island sign.MethodsWe enrolled patients with primary supratentorial ICH in a multicenter cohort in northern China with baseline noncontrast CT images performed within 14 days after symptoms onset and APOE genotype available. The island sign was rated on the CT images according to validated criteria. Univariable and multivariable analyses were used to identify the association between APOE genotypes and the island sign, stratified by the ICH location.ResultsAmong 460 patients enrolled, 122 were lobar ICH. In all patients, after adjusting for age, sex, hypertension, and time to CT, the presence of the APOE ε4 allele (OR 2.020, 95% CI 1.064–3.834, p = 0.032) was associated with the island sign, whereas the presence of the APOE ε2 allele (OR 0.734, 95% CI 0.339–1.593, p = 0.435) was not. After stratifying by ICH location, multivariable analysis revealed that APOE ε4 (OR 3.510, 95% CI 1.393–8.846, p = 0.008), rather than ε2 (OR 0.621, 95% CI 0.203–1.901, p = 0.404), was associated with the island sign in lobar ICH patients. Neither the ε2 nor the ε4 allele was associated with the island sign among nonlobar ICH patients.ConclusionThe APOE ε4 allele was associated with the island sign in lobar ICH patients. Our findings indicate that the presence of the island sign may be influenced by the underlying vasculopathy related to APOE ε4, which increases amyloid deposition in the cerebral vasculature.
Facilitation of non-nociceptive bladder activity and suppression of somatic afferent inhibition by hypogastric afferents in cats
Authors: Shen Bing , Wang Jicheng , Tai Changfeng , Beckel Jonathan M. 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionWhile it is well known that the sensory arm of the micturition reflex is mediated by A-δ afferents in the pelvic nerve, the urinary bladder is also innervated by afferents in the hypogastric nerve (HGN), whose role in micturition is less well understood. We have recently determined that stimulation of HGN afferents can facilitate nociceptive bladder activity in the cat induced by intravesical instillation of acetic acid. The aim of the present study, then, was to determine if activation of HGN afferents could similarly facilitate normal bladder activity in the cat, evoked by saline distension. Additional experiments examined if HGN stimulation could modulate the inhibitory effects of tibial or pudendal neuromodulation on bladder capacity.MethodsContinuous infusion cystometry was performed in 9 (4 male, 5 female) α-chloralose anesthetized cats in which the HGNs were transected bilaterally. Bipolar electrodes were used to stimulate the central end of the cut HGNs at varying intensities (1-15 V) and frequencies (1-40 Hz) during bladder filling with saline (1-2 ml/min) until a micturition contraction occurred. Tripolar cuff electrodes were also placed on the left pudendal and left tibial nerve to examine the effect of neuromodulation on bladder capacity during cystometry.ResultsHypogastric nerve stimulation (HGNS) at 30 Hz and 15 V significantly reduced bladder capacity to 80.01 ± 3.86% of control. Tibial or pudendal nerve stimulation (5 Hz, 2 T) significantly increased bladder capacity to 187.6 ± 20.2% or 193.8 ± 19.0% of control, respectively. Simultaneous HGNS significantly reduced the efficacy of tibial nerve neuromodulation (reduced to 158.7 ± 18.7% of control) and but only partially suppressed the bladder inhibition induced by pudendal neuromodulation (reduced to 161.9 ± 18.0% of control).ConclusionThese results suggest that HGN afferents (possibly C-fiber nociceptors) from the bladder or other pelvic organs may facilitate normal bladder activity to cause bladder overactivity. Additionally, HGN afferents may influence the efficacy of tibial or pudendal neuromodulation therapy in treating OAB.
Adherence to the planetary health diet index and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Qiu Xin , Shen Shuang , Jiang Nizhen , Lu Donghong , Feng Yifei , Yang Guodong , Xiang Bangde 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundsAdherence to the Planetary Health Diet Index (PHDI) has been shown to benefit both individual health and the planet. However, its impact on Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between PHDI adherence and the MASLD risk.MethodsWe analyzed a cohort of 15,865 adults (aged ≥18 years) using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES, 2005–2018). The PHDI was derived from 24-h dietary assessments and comprised the scores of 15 food groups. Multivariate logistic regression was used to investigate the association between PHDI and MASLD, while restricted cubic spline (RCS) regression and threshold analysis were employed to explore potential non-linear relationship. Subgroup analyses were conducted to assess the influence of various demographic and clinical characteristics on the observed associations. Mediation analysis was performed to evaluate the indirect effect of PHDI on MASLD, and weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression was used to assess the influence of individual PHDI nutrients on MASLD.ResultsAmong the cohort, 6,125 individuals were diagnosed with MASLD. Multivariate logistic regression revealed that a higher quintile of PHDI was significantly associated with reduced MASLD risk in the fully adjusted model (OR = 0.610, 95%CI 0.508–0.733, p &lt; 0.001). Notably, nonlinear relationships between PHDI and MASLD risk were observed through RCS analysis (p = 0.002). Subgroup analyses indicated that PHDI was particularly effective in reducing MASLD risk among females, those with higher education attainment, and those living with a partner. WQS regression identified saturated fatty acids as the most significant factor contributing to MASLD risk (weight = 0.313). Additionally, BMI and waist circumference (81.47 and 87.66%, respectively) partially mediated the association between PHDI and MASLD risk, suggesting that the effect of PHDI on MASLD operates, in part, through its impact on BMI and waist circumference. The association between PHDI and MASLD remained robust across multiple sensitivity analyses.ConclusionOur findings indicate that adherence to PHDI is linked to a lower risk of MASLD, providing crucial insights for strategies aimed at mitigating the MASLD epidemic while simultaneously fostering environmental sustainability.
Breast acinic cell carcinoma with weak progesterone receptor expression: a case report and literature review
Authors: Bai Caiyun , Xin Xiaodong , Yang Yisen , Qu Fengjiang , Fan Zhimin 
Published: February 2025

RationaleAcinic cell carcinoma (AcCC) of the breast is an extremely rare malignant epithelial tumor characterized by acini cell differentiation, clinical low-grade malignancy, and a molecular triple-negative subtype.Patient concernA 47-year-old female presented with a 1-month history of a painless mass in her right breast.DiagnosisUltrasound imaging, mammography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a lesion, approximately 3.0cm×1.5cm in size, in the right breast, which was considered to be a malignancy. After the surgery, the AcCC of the breast was confirmed histologically.InterventionsRight breast mastectomy and sentinel lymph node biopsy were performed. Adjuvant chemotherapy included 4 cycles of doxorubicin hydrochloride (Adriamycin) and cyclophosphamide followed by 4 cycles of docetaxel (Taxotere).OutcomesThe patient was discharged from the hospital after surgery. There was no sign of recurrence during a 9-month follow-up period.LessonsAcinic cell carcinoma (AcCC) of the breast is an extremely rare malignant epithelial tumor that can be accurately diagnosed based on histopathologic morphology and immunohistochemistry. The weak positive progesterone receptor (PR) expressed in this case is extremely rare, which may provide a new research direction for the endocrine therapy of AcCC. Both AcCC and microglandular adenosis(MGA) exhibit microglandular growth, and the relationship between them remains unclear. Differentiation between them not only relies on histomorphology and pathological immunohistochemistry but also depends on clinical manifestations and other presentations. Optimal treatment of AcCC is the same as that for invasive breast cancer. The prognosis is generally good, with adjuvant therapy after surgery.
Experiencing fertility preservation in adolescence – a qualitative interview study indicating gender disparities in AYAs diagnosed with cancer
Authors: Rodriguez-Wallberg Kenny A. , Nilsson Hanna , Folmerz Maria , Lundqvist Erica , Granberg Lisa , Armuand Gabriela 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionFertility counselling on options for fertility preservation is increasingly implemented for children and adolescents at time of cancer diagnosis. Sperm cryopreservation has been standard of care for male patients during several decades and the procedure is not expected to delay the onset of cancer treatment. However, oocyte cryopreservation in female adolescents remains controversial, the reasons include the need of ovarian stimulation, gynecological exams and interventions, in all a potentially distressing experience for patients without previous experience of this type of examination or without previous sexual debut. With this study we wished to investigate how adolescent cancer patients experience fertility preservation procedures aiming at semen banking or oocyte cryopreservation.MethodsAdolescent patients diagnosed with cancer that underwent fertility preservation at the Reproductive Medicine Clinic of Karolinska University Hospital were invited to participate in the study. Inclusion required the ability to communicate in Swedish or English. Exclusion criteria were current age under 15 at time of the interview and ongoing cancer treatment. The study had a qualitative study design and phenomenological approach with semi-structured individual face-to-face interviews. Ten interviews with six female and four male study participants were conducted between June and August 2023.ResultsThe analysis resulted in three identified main themes: Communication about the risk of infertility and the fertility preservation, Freezing gametes - the process and healthcare encounters, and The decision to preserve gametes for one’s own sake. Gender specific gaps in communication about fertility risks and fertility preservation procedures were found, with young females expressing a wish for improved communication and reporting experiences of discomfort during the procedures needed for oocyte cryopreservation, whereas young men were generally satisfied with their experience. Limitations include a risk of responder bias since not all patients who were contacted agreed to interview.DiscussionAlthough gender disparities were identified in this study, fertility preservation was perceived as a positive experience and mitigated fertility-related distress in both male and female adolescent patients. Our study adds to the scarce literature on adolescents of both sexes undergoing fertility preservation and underscores the importance of specialized communication in fertility counselling and treatment of AYAs diagnosed with cancer.
A novel compound, SYHA1813, inhibits malignant meningioma growth directly by boosting p53 pathway activation and impairing DNA repair
Authors: Lan Yanjie , Li Shenglan , Wang Jiachen , Yang Xin , Wang Can , Huang Mengqian , Zhang Rong , Chen Feng , Li Wenbin 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionMeningioma is a common tumor of the central nervous system but effective therapies for malignant meningiomas are still lacking. Therefore, the development of novel therapeutic reagents is urgently needed. SYHA1813 is a novel compound and our previous study demonstrated its potent anti-tumor activity on glioblastoma through the inhibition of macrophages and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). However, the precise functional role of SYHA1813 in meningiomas remains unclear.MethodWe aimed to investigate the direct tumor-inhibitory effects of SYHA1813 on meningioma both in vitro and in vivo, and explore its potential molecular mechanisms.ResultsOur results showed that SYHA1813 suppressed the proliferation, colony formation, migration, and invasion of meningioma cells in vitro. Furthermore, we found SYHA1813 induced G2/M cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and cellular senescence. Mechanistically, RNA-seq revealed that SYHA1813 activated the P53 pathway and impaired DNA repair. In vivo, SYHA1813 effectively inhibited the growth of meningioma xenografts in a mouse model. Additionally, in an ongoing first-inhuman phase I trial, this patient with recurrent meningioma provided preliminary clinical evidence supporting the anti-tumor activity of SYHA1813.DiscussionThis study unveiled a novel antitumor mechanism of SYHA1813, showing its ability to directly target and kill meningioma cells in vitro and in vivo. Our findings highlighted the promising potential of SYHA1813 as a therapeutic agent for treating malignant meningiomas.
The family of glutathione peroxidase proteins and their role against biotic stress in plants: a systematic review
Authors: do Carmo Santos Maria Luíza , Silva Santos Ariana , Pereira Silva de Novais Diogo , dos Santos Lopes Natasha , Pirovani Carlos Priminho , Micheli Fabienne 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionGlutathione peroxidases (GPXs) are extensively studied for their indispensable roles in eliminating reactive oxygen species by catalyzing the reduction of hydrogen peroxide or lipid peroxides to prevent cell damage. However, knowledge of GPXs in plants still has many gaps to be filled. Thus, we present the first systematic review (SR) aimed at examining the function of GPXs and their protective role against cell death in plants subjected to biotic stress.MethodsTo guide the SR and avoid bias, a protocol was developed that contained inclusion and exclusion criteria based on PRISMA guidelines. Three databases (PubMed, Science Direct, and Springer) were used to identify relevant studies for this research were selected.ResultsA total of 28 articles related to the proposed objective. The results highlight the importance of GPXs in plant defense against biotic stress, including their role in protecting against cell death, similar to the anti-apoptotic GPXs in animals. Data from gene expression and protein accumulation studies in plants under various biotic stresses reveal that GPXs can both increase resistance and susceptibility to pathogens. In addition to their antioxidant functions, GPXs act as sensors and transmitters of H2O2 signals, integrating with the ABA signaling pathway during stress.DiscussionThese findings show that GPXs delay senescence or reinforce physical barriers, thereby modulating resistance or susceptibility to pathogens. Additionally, their functions are linked to their cellular localization, which demonstrates an evolutionary relationship between the studied isoforms and their role in plant defense. This information broadens the understanding of molecular strategies involving GPX isoforms and provides a foundation for discussions and actions aimed at controlling necrotrophic and/or hemibiotrophic pathogens.
The effect of shared leadership on employee resilience: wielding the double-edged sword
Authors: Hao Ma , Min Yan Ai , Jie Liu , Yuling Deng 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionThis investigation delves into the ambidextrous impacts that shared leadership imparts on the resilience of employees through the incorporation of the Job Demands-Resources framework to delineate the underlying mechanisms. Furthermore, it explores the organizational boundary factors that enhance employees' resilience, so as to explore the ways to improve employees resilience.MethodsThis research chose to use an online questionnaire at two time points with a analysis of 246 valid questionnaires. Surveys were disseminated electronically through esteemed third-party survey platforms so jump.ResultsEmpirical findings illustrate that SLP fosters resilience by bolstering FWA while concurrently heightening role overload and hampering resilience. Furthermore, the study examines how goal clarity modifies these conflicting outcomes. Empirical evidence corroborates the positive moderating role of goal clarity in enhancing the influence of SLP on FWA, and the hypothesized moderating impact of goal clarity on the association between SLP and employees' perception of role overload is also affirmed.DiscussionThis research contributes to the scholarly discourse by illuminating a more comprehensive understanding of the relationship between shared leadership and employee resilience, and further deepens insights into the moderating factors influencing employees resilience by assessing the moderating effect of goal clarity. It also offers practical insights into implementing shared leadership in a manner that harnesses its potential while mitigating its downsides on employee resilience.
Death and beauty: mortality salience and creatureliness increase self-objectification not only in females but also in males
Authors: Gao Yang , Lu Kexin , Ni Yichen , Shen Yang 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundSelf-objectification, the tendency to perceive oneself as an object subject to external evaluation, negatively impacts wellbeing, contributing to issues such as anxiety and eating disorders. While objectification theory outlines its societal underpinnings, it provides limited insight into the psychological mechanisms that sustain its prevalence. Terror Management Theory (TMT) posits that self-objectification functions as a defense against death anxiety, operating through two pathways: cultural worldview compliance (adherence to objectifying societal norms) and suppressing the awareness of creatureliness (avoiding awareness of humans’ biological vulnerability and animalistic nature). This research explores these mechanisms and their gender-specific dynamics under mortality salience (MS).MethodsThis study includes three experimental studies. The study 1 examined baseline gender differences in perceived creatureliness and adherence to objectification culture. Study 2 used a 2 (MS/control) × 2 (gender: male/female) design to investigate the effects of MS and gender on self-objectification with cultural worldview compliance as a continuous moderator. Study 3 employed a 2 (MS/control) × 2 (creatureliness: heightened/reduced) × 2 (gender: male/female) design to assess the effects of creatureliness salience on self-objectification.ResultsStudy 1 revealed that women were more culturally objectified, whereas men exhibited higher perceived creatureliness. However, Study 2 and Study 3 found no significant gender-related interactions in self-objectification. Study 2 showed that MS increased self-objectification across genders, with women displaying higher self-objectification due to stronger adherence to objectification cultural norms. Study 3 demonstrated that heightened creatureliness salience amplified self-objectification under MS for both genders, highlighting the universal role of creatureliness suppression in existential defenses.ConclusionThese findings provide evidence for dual pathways—cultural worldview compliance and creatureliness suppression—underlying self-objectification as a defense against death anxiety. However, while cultural compliance explains gender differences in self-objectification at baseline, creatureliness suppression appears to function universally across genders. This study clarifies the boundaries of gender differences, emphasizing that the observed gender differences were limited to perceptions of objectification and creatureliness, rather than self-objectification itself. These insights contribute to interventions targeting the maladaptive effects of self-objectification, advocating for gender-sensitive approaches to enhance psychological wellbeing.