bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Burden of Aortic Aneurysm and Its Attributable Risk Factors from 1990 to 2019: An Analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
Authors: Wang Zhuo , You Yayu , Yin Zhehui , Bao Qinyi , Lei Shuxin , Yu Jiaye , Xie Cuiping , Ye Feiming , Xie Xiaojie 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundGlobal and national estimates on the epidemiology of aortic aneurysms are prerequisites for disease management and policymaking. Based on the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019, this study aimed to discern the global aortic aneurysm burden by systematically analyzing demographic data on mortality and exploring the attributable risks and relevant factors.MethodsThe data analyzed in this study were available in the Global Health Data Exchange (GHDx) online query tool. The population in our study comprised individuals from 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019. The estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs) were performed to assess the temporal trends of aortic aneurysms and their attributable risks. Spearman correlation analysis was performed to explore the relationship between the burden of aortic aneurysm and covariates.ResultsAlthough aortic aneurysm-related deaths (82.1%) and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) (67%) increased from 1990 to 2019, the global trend of age-standardized rate of death (ASRD) (EAPC: −1.34, 95% CI = −1.46 to −1.22, P &lt; 0.001) and age-standardized rate of DALY (ASDALYR) (EAPC: −1.06, 95% CI = −1.17 to −0.95, P &lt; 0.001) decreased, both of which presented age dependence and gender differences. Smoking and high systolic blood pressure (SBP) were the main attributable risks of disease burden and tend to decease globally (EAPC: −1.89, 95% CI = −2.03 to −1.89, P &lt; 0.001; −1.31 95% CI = −1.43 to −1.19, P &lt; 0.001, respectively). Alcohol abstinence (male: R = −0.71, P &lt; 0.001; female: R = −0.73, P &lt; 0.001), smoking age of initiation (male: R = −0.32, P &lt; 0.001; female: R = −0.50, P &lt; 0.001), physical activity (male: R = −0.50, P &lt; 0.001; female: R = −0.55, P &lt; 0.001), and mean temperature (R = −0.62, P &lt; 0.001) had negative correlation with ASRD. However, cholesterol level (male: R = 0.62, P &lt; 0.001; female: R = 0.39, P &lt; 0.001), body mass index (BMI) (male: R = 0.30, P &lt; 0.001; female R = −0.01, P &gt; 0.05), and alcohol consumption (male: R = 0.46, P &lt; 0.001; female: R = 0.42, P &lt; 0.001) had a positive correlation with ASRM. Besides, standard of living and medical resources positively related to burden of aortic aneurysm.ConclusionIn this study, a decreasing trend of aortic aneurysm burden was found globally, especially in advanced regions. Aged men who smoke and women who have hypertension should pay close attention to, particularly in deprived economic groups, and many approaches can be performed to reduce the burden of aortic aneurysms.
Repostioning of Telemedicine in Cardiovascular World Post-COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Sharma Kamal , Patel Zeel , Patel Smeet , Patel Kalpen , Dabhi Shweta , Doshi Jinish , Amdani MohmadSabir , Shah Darshini , Patel Dhyanee , Konat Ashwati 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundDuring the COVID-19 pandemic, telemedicine is a quickest expanding service solution to provide improved access to sophisticated healthcare that is efficient, cost-effective, and time-consuming.MethodsThis analysis is evaluated on the basis of several studies that look at the history, benefits, various techniques, challenges, uses, and impact of telemedicine in the treatment of heart failure and cardiac rehabilitation as during COVID-19 outbreak.ResultsPatients avoided or refused medical treatment during COVID-19 pandemic despite the risk of illness and the threat of infections spreading. Telemedicine has become a non-traditional form of care delivery due to better access and high-end technologies such as virtual consultations, face-to-face video, smartphone visits, two-way text communication, distant patient history, and distal characteristic assessment. Remote monitoring can help manage cardiovascular disease risk factors and increase patient participation in blood pressure, heart failure data, and workout or other activity progress.ConclusionBased on the findings of past studies, we can infer that telemedicine is still an emerging subject in the treatment and management of cardiovascular disease. Telemedicine and similar technologies will also revolutionize healthcare services by expanding their reach and providing a big pool of database for better research and analysis.
Impact of a NDUFC2 Variant on the Occurrence of Acute Coronary Syndromes
Authors: Gallo Giovanna , Migliarino Serena , Cotugno Maria , Stanzione Rosita , Burocchi Simone , Bianchi Franca , Marchitti Simona , Autore Camillo , Volpe Massimo , Rubattu Speranza 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundAmong several potential mechanisms, mitochondrial dysfunction has been proposed to be involved in the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease (CAD). A mitochondrial complex I deficiency severely impairs cardiovascular health and contributes to CAD development. Previous evidence highlighted a key role of NDUFC2, a subunit of complex I, deficiency in the increased occurrence of renal and cerebrovascular damage in an animal model of hypertension, and of juvenile ischemic stroke occurrence in humans. Furthermore, a significant decrease of NDUFC2 mRNA was detected in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients experiencing acute coronary syndrome (ACS). The T allele at NDUFC2/rs23117379 variant is known to associate with reduced gene expression and mitochondrial dysfunction.ObjectiveIn the present study we tested the impact of the T/C NDUFC2/rs23117379 variant on occurrence of ACS in a prospective cohort of CAD patients (n = 260).ResultsHypertension, smoking habit, diabetes and hypercholesterolemia were present in a large proportion of patients. Non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) represented the most frequent type of ACS (44%, n = 115), followed by ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) (34%, n = 88) and unstable angina (22%, n = 57). The alleles/genotypes distribution for T/C at NDUFC2/rs23117379 revealed that the TT genotype was associated with a trend toward the development of ACS at an earlier age (TT 61 ± 12, CT 65 ± 12 and CC 66 ± 11 years; p = 0.051 after adjustment for gender, hypertension, smoking habit, diabetes and hypercholesterolemia) and with a significant predictive role for ACS recurrence (hazard ratio [HR]1.671; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.138–2.472; p = 0.009).ConclusionsOur findings are consistent with a deleterious effect of NDUFC2 deficiency on acute coronary events predisposition and further support a role of the NDUFC2/rs23117379 variant as a genetic cardiovascular risk factor.
Mineralogical Composition and Origin of Airborne Dust in an Alpine Environment of Hochtor (Hohe Tauern, Austria): Effects on Pedogenesis, Biological Soil Crusts, and Vascular Plant Growth
Authors: Peer Thomas , Zheng Ling-Juan , Neubauer Franz , Friedl Gertrude , Hauzenberger Christoph , Kasper-Giebl Anne 
Published: June 2022

There is considerable evidence that mineral dust has an important impact on alpine ecosystems, but the relationship remains unclear in some instances. In an attempt to fill this knowledge gap, we investigated 1) the mineralogical composition of dust components at Hochtor (Hohe Tauern, Austria), 2) its effects on soil formation and biological soil crusts (BSCs), and 3) the effect of mineral dust on plant growth in this interdisciplinary study. Mineral particles such as silicates, carbonates, oxides, volcanic quartz phenocrysts, opaque ore minerals, and spheres, such as microtektites, micrometeorites and fly ash aggregates, were detected using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) equipped with an energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (SEM-EDX). Rare micrometeorites are of extra-terrestrial origin (cosmic dust) and the decorated spheres are aggregates of fly ashes from anthropogenic origin. In terms of size, fine particles (&lt;100 µm) and coarse particles (&gt;100 µm) characterize the dust composition, originating mainly from adjacent rock outcrops, while the transport from the North African desert appears to be less important and diluted by local sources. The research was carried out as part of the pan-European biodiversity project “Soil Crust International” (SCIN). The results suggest that mineral dust aids in the rapid formation of BSCs in highly disturbed treated plots, and thus, both fine sand and available phosphorus are statistically proven to be determinants of the rapid growth of biocrusts. The number of plant individuals also increases between 2016 and 2020, however at a relatively moderate rate due to permanent mechanical erosion and debris flow within the treatment plots. Silica dust is believed to be a contributing factor to the widespread distribution of silicate plants in limestone habitats, such asPrimula minimaandCerastium uniflorum, two “acidophilic” species that have been tested more closely. Finally, it is deduced that 1) aeolian dust plays a role in the continuous process of soil and crust formation, and 2) it works as a growth regulator in complex biological communities such as BSCs and vascular plant communities by creating new habitats and increasing biodiversity.
Study on the Size and Occurrence Effects of Equivalent Elasticity Modulus of Orthogonal Random Jointed Rock Masses
Authors: Naizhong Xu , Changqing Liu , Chang Su , Tian Zhou 
Published: June 2022

Under the engineering background of a + 144-m mining platform on an open pit slope of Xinqiao Mining Corporation, the eigenvalue distribution function of joints was acquired based on the massive statistics of field joints. Next, an orthogonal random joint model was constructed using the Monte Carlo method based on the UDEC software platform. Subsequently, the representative elementary volume (REV) size and occurrence effects of the equivalent elasticity modulus of the orthogonal random jointed rock mass were explored through numerical experiments with lots of discrete elements. The results showed that the equivalent elasticity modulus of the orthogonal random jointed rock mass was of evident size effect, and the relationship between the mean equivalent elasticity modulus Eeq and the REV size of the rock mass followed the negative power function distribution. Before the model size reached the REV size, its Eeq was greatly discrete. Under different joint angles, both the standard deviation σf and coefficient of variation δ of the equivalent elasticity modulus of this model presented discrete distribution. As the model size reached the REV size, the mean equivalent elasticity modulus Eeq showed “two-high and one-low” morphological distribution. Eeq was small when the main joint angle was α∈[30°, 40°], but it was large when α = 0° or 90°. δ was taken as 10%, so the REV size of the corresponding Eeq was 10 m × 20 m. When the model size reaches the REV size, the occurrence effect of its equivalent elasticity modulus was no longer significant.
Correlation Between Retinal Microstructure Detected by Optical Coherence Tomography and Best Corrected Visual Acuity in Diabetic Retinopathy Macular Edema
Authors: Li Siying , Hua Rui , Jing Zuoqian , Huang Lele , Chen Lei 
Published: June 2022

ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the correlation between best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and retinal microstructural parameters detected by optical coherence tomography (OCT) in diabetic retinopathy macular edema (DRME).MethodsThirty-nine patients (64 eyes) with DRME were enrolled in this study. These patients underwent OCT to measure the fracture distance of the external limiting membrane (ELM), junction between the inner and outer segments (IS/OS), central foveal thickness (CFT), and edema layer. The correlation between the above parameters and BCVA was discussed.ResultsCFT and the fracture distances of the ELM and IS/OS layers were negatively correlated with BCVA (p&lt;0.05 for all). There was significant difference in Logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (LogMAR) BCVA among patients with inner retinal edema, outer retinal edema, and mixed retinal edema (F = 5.57, p = 0.01). The LogMAR BCVA of inner retinal edema was the lowest (p &lt; 0.05), and the LogMAR BCVA of outer retinal edema and mixed retinal edema were comparable (p &gt; 0.05).ConclusionIn eyes with DRME, thin CFT, intact ELM and IS/OS layers, and edema in inner retina is closely correlated with good BCVA.
Extrathyroidal Extension Prediction of Papillary Thyroid Cancer With Computed Tomography Based Radiomics Nomogram: A Multicenter Study
Authors: Yu Pengyi , Wu Xinxin , Li Jingjing , Mao Ning , Zhang Haicheng , Zheng Guibin , Han Xiao , Dong Luchao , Che Kaili , Wang Qinglin , Li Guan , Mou Yakui , Song Xicheng 
Published: June 2022

ObjectivesTo develop and validate a Computed Tomography (CT) based radiomics nomogram for preoperative predicting of extrathyroidal extension (ETE) in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) patientsMethodsA total of 153 patients were randomly assigned to training and internal test sets (7:3). 46 patients were recruited to serve as an external test set. A radiologist with 8 years of experience segmented the images. Radiomics features were extracted from each image and Delta-radiomics features were calculated. Features were selected by using one way analysis of variance and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator in the training set. K-nearest neighbor, logistic regression, decision tree, linear-support vector machine (linear -SVM), gaussian-SVM, and polynomial-SVM were used to build 6 radiomics models. Next, a radiomics signature score (Rad-score) was constructed by using the linear combination of selected features weighted by their corresponding coefficients. Finally, a nomogram was constructed combining the clinical risk factors with Rad-scores. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, decision curve analysis (DCA), and calibration curve were performed on the three sets to evaluate the nomogram’s performance.Results4 radiomics features were selected. The six models showed the certain value of radiomics, with area under the curves (AUCs) from 0.642 to 0.701. The nomogram combining the Rad-score and clinical risk factors (radiologists’ interpretation) showed good performance (internal test set: AUC 0.750; external test set: AUC 0.797). Calibration curve and DCA demonstrated good performance of the nomogram.ConclusionOur radiomics nomogram incorporating the radiomics and radiologists’ interpretation has utility in the identification of ETE in PTC patients.
Comparison of Bone Mineral Density in US Adults With Diabetes, Prediabetes and Normoglycemia From 2005 to 2018
Authors: Yuan Jing , Jia Pu , Zhou Jian-Bo 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundAccumulating evidence has shown that diabetes has an impact on bone metabolism with conflicting results. Furthermore, little is known about the relationship of prediabetes with bone mineral density (BMD). Therefore, we explored the association between BMD and glucometabolic status in adults in the US.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, we extracted and analyzed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2005 to 2018. A total of 14610 subjects aged 40 ≥ years diagnosed with diabetes, prediabetes, or normal glucose regulation (NGR) and had available data on BMD were eligible.ResultsThe prevalence of prediabetes and diabetes in US adults aged 40 ≥ years were 39.2% and 26.4%, respectively. After multivariable adjustment, we found an increasing trend of BMD at the total hip, femoral neck, and lumbar spine with glucometabolic conditions from NGR and prediabetes to diabetes in adults aged ≥ 40 years in the US. This trend was more prominent in women than that in men. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and HbA1c levels were also positively correlated with BMD.ConclusionsGlucometabolic conditions were significantly associated with BMD values in US adults.
Association Between Plasma Vitamin D2 and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Qi Jing-Wan , Huang Bing , Wang Shuang , Song Dan , Xu Jing , Cui Ying , Guo Bin 
Published: June 2022

ObjectiveTo investigate the relationship between plasma vitamin D2(VD2) and type 2 diabetes(T2DM).MethodData from electronic medical records of 797 inpatients treated at Sun Yat Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University between June 24, 2019 and December 24, 2020 were collected, and a total of 596 patients were enrolled after screening based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Patients were divided into diabetic and non-diabetic groups according to whether they had T2DM. The Wilcoxon rank sum test was finally selected for the analysis of differences between groups according to the distribution of patients’ plasma VD2, and logistic regression models were used to find the corresponding influencing factors.ResultOf the 596 hospitalized patients, 138 (23.15%) were diagnosed with T2DM. The Wilcoxon test showed no statistically significant difference in plasma VD2 concentrations between the T2DM and non-T2DM groups (p=0.833). After adjustment for confounders by multivariate logistic regression, there was still no significant difference in plasma VD2 concentrations between the two groups (P=0.316, OR: 1.15 (0.88,1.49)). The uncorrelated relationship between VD2 and T2DM was not found to change after incorporating 12 indicators, including demographic characteristics, laboratory indicators and complications, into the logistic regression model by 3 steps, even the OR (1.08 (0.92,1.26)) did not change in the 3 models. Similarly, the adjusted ORs agreed that there was no statistical association between VD2 and T2DM.ConclusionVD2 levels are similar in patients with T2DM compared to those without T2DM. Clinical caution should be exercised in giving VD2 supplementation to patients with T2DM unless other diseases requiring VD2 supplementation (e.g., rickets, osteoporosis) are present.
Barocaloric Properties of Thermoplastic Elastomers
Authors: Weerasekera Naveen , Ajjarapu Kameswara Pavan Kumar , Sudan Kavish , Sumanasekera Gamini , Kate Kunal , Bhatia Bikram 
Published: June 2022

Solid-state refrigeration represents a promising alternative to vapor compression refrigeration systems which are inefficient, unreliable, and have a high global warming potential. However, several solid-state cooling technologies—including those relying on a temperature change induced by an applied electric field (electrocaloric effect), magnetic field (magnetocaloric effect), and uniaxial stress (elastocaloric effect)—have been investigated, but their efficiency and scalability remain a concern. Materials with a large barocaloric response—temperature/entropy change induced by hydrostatic pressure—hold a significant promise for solid-state cooling but remain comparatively less explored. These materials need to be inexpensive, compressible, and show a large barocaloric response around the temperature of interest. Soft materials have the potential to meet these requirements and enable the development of low-cost high-efficiency solid-state heat pumps. Here, we investigate the barocaloric performance of commercially available block copolymer thermoplastic elastomers. We characterized the mechanical, thermal, and barocaloric properties of these materials and evaluated their potential for solid-state refrigeration. We utilized rheometric measurements to evaluate the isothermal compressibility and normalized refrigerant capacity of the thermoplastic elastomers. In addition, we directly measured the pressure-induced temperature change of the test materials and compared them with their normalized refrigeration capacity. The measured isothermal compressibility was in the 0.1–0.4 GPa−1 range, while the normalized refrigeration capacity varied between 13.2 and 41.9 kJ K−1 GPa−1 for a 100 MPa applied pressure and 65°C temperature span. The corresponding pressure-induced temperature change for an applied pressure of 434.1 MPa varied between 2.2 and 28°C. These results demonstrated the superior barocaloric properties of thermoplastic elastomers and their promise for next generation barocaloric solid-state refrigeration devices.
Wind Turbine Gearbox Failure Detection Through Cumulative Sum of Multivariate Time Series Data
Authors: Latiffianti Effi , Sheng Shawn , Ding Yu 
Published: June 2022

The wind energy industry is continuously improving their operational and maintenance practice for reducing the levelized costs of energy. Anticipating failures in wind turbines enables early warnings and timely intervention, so that the costly corrective maintenance can be prevented to the largest extent possible. It also avoids production loss owing to prolonged unavailability. One critical element allowing early warning is the ability to accumulate small-magnitude symptoms resulting from the gradual degradation of wind turbine systems. Inspired by the cumulative sum control chart method, this study reports the development of a wind turbine failure detection method with such early warning capability. Specifically, the following key questions are addressed: what fault signals to accumulate, how long to accumulate, what offset to use, and how to set the alarm-triggering control limit. We apply the proposed approach to 2 years’ worth of Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition data recorded from five wind turbines. We focus our analysis on gearbox failure detection, in which the proposed approach demonstrates its ability to anticipate failure events with a good lead time.
The Possible Incoming Runoff Under Extreme Rainfall Event in the Fenhe River Basin
Authors: Jian Shengqi , Yin Changyan , Wang Yafei , Yu Xin , Li Yong 
Published: June 2022

Prediction of runoff is of great significance for the sustainable utilization of water resources and flood control and disaster reduction in the basin. In this study, a method for predicting the runoff caused by extreme sub-rainfall events was constructed based on the identification of extreme rainfall events, Mann–Kendall Test, R/S analysis, and regression analysis. The method was applied to the Jingle sub-basin, and the results showed that the extreme precipitation in this basin will maintain a slight rising trend in the future, assuming that the climate and underlying conditions remain the same as they were in the current scenario. There is a more stable correlational relationship between rainfall characteristic factors and runoff in extreme rainfall events. The extreme precipitation of 1–5 consecutive days under the 100a return period designed by the hydrological frequency method is 38.74, 60.01, 66.00, 71.44, and 73.69 mm, respectively, and the possible runoff predicted by the four empirical formulas is 1295−2495, 2108−4935, 2408−5801, and 3051−7062 × 104 m3, respectively. The rainfall designed by the hydrological frequency combination method is 203.64 mm, and the possible runoff predicted by the four empirical formulas is 2.8−5.3 × 108 m3. This study can provide a new reference for predicting the possible incoming runoff under extreme sub-rainfall events.