bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PRECEDENTES JUDICIAIS À BRASILEIRA E O PÓS-POSITIVISMO: ANÁLISE DWORKIANA NA ATUAL FORMAÇÃO PRECEDENTALISTA
Authors: Ramos Raissa Holanda , De Góes Ricardo Tinoco 
Published: March 2022

: O artigo examina as bases hermenêuticas do que está no cerne do Código de Processo Civil brasileiro: os precedentes judiciais incorporados pela civil law oriundos do common law. Observa-se a necessidade de evidenciar a inadequação dos precedentes judiciais à teoria clássica do ordenamento, pois os precedentes resistem ao positivismo normativista e ao formalismo. O objetivo é trazer à luz a forçosa redução na estrutura precedentalista, de modo a harmonizá-la, a todo custo, à forma de um dispositivo legal. Sob a égide de que precedente não deve ser estudado e aplicado como norma geral e abstrata, é preciso evidenciar que existe um conjunto de elementos a serem balizados na estruturação da força hermenêutica a circundar o precedente judicial. Ainda, é importante a interligação da hermenêutica em que não existe separação entre interpretar e aplicar, na contramão do que propõe a doutrina contemporânea. Para complementar, optou-se pelo referencial teórico do Direito como integridade de Ronald Dworkin, firmando uma pesquisa com emprego de abordagem qualitativa e método hipotético-dedutivo e dialético. Conclui-se que a integridade exige que os juízes construam seus argumentos integrados ao conjunto do Direito, sedimentando uma garantia contra arbitrariedades e efetivando os freios.
Desfechos da gestação frente à contaminação por COVID-19: uma revisão sistemática
Authors: França dos Reis Ana Gabriela , Da Silva Cavalcante Ribeiro Kelly 
Published: March 2022

RESUMO
Objetivo: o presente estudo tem por objetivo investigar os possíveis desfechos da gestação frente a contaminação pelo vírus COVID-19. Método: revisão sistemática onde foram analisados estudos científicos publicados entre os anos de 2019 e 2021, com temas acerca do COVID-19 em gestantes e suas complicações, bem como sua influência acerca do desfecho da gestação. Foram selecionados um total de 3830 artigos; após exclusão de duplicatas, aplicação de critérios de inclusão e exclusão e avaliação de viés, foram utilizados 13 artigos. Resultados: O sistema imunológico, possivelmente é fortemente alterada pelo vírus; outros fatores que também influenciam são pacientes que possuem comorbidades, com destaque para hipertensão e obesidade, que frequentemente produzem trabalho de parto prematuro, rotura prematura das membranas, abortamento e crescimento intrauterino restrito. No sistema respiratório ocorre a elevação do diafragma, redução da reserva expiratória e hiperventilação. Gestantes assintomáticas ou com sintomas leves apresentam uma melhora significativa e sem a necessidade de maiores intervenções; já pacientes que apresentam sinais de agravos podem necessitar de acompanhamento em Unidades de Terapia Intensiva. Há uma prevalência de cirurgia cesárea em comparação ao parto vaginal. Conclusão: Os desfechos gestacionais são em sua maioria positivos, foi constatado que gestantes que possuem comorbidades podem apresentar piora em seu estado clínico.
Patos Lagoon estuary and adjacent marine coastal biodiversity long-term data
Authors: Lemos Valéria M. , Lanari Marianna , Copertino Margareth , Secchi Eduardo R. , de Abreu Paulo Cesar O. V. , Muelbert José H. , Garcia Alexandre M. , Dumont Felipe C. , Muxagata Erik , Vieira João P. , Colling André , Odebrecht Clarisse 
Published: March 2022

Abstract. Estuaries are among the most productive aquatic ecosystems and
provide important ecological and economic services in coastal areas.
However, estuarine systems have been threatened worldwide by natural and
anthropogenic impacts acting on local, regional, and global scales. Long-term
ecological studies contribute to the understanding and management of
estuarine functioning and provide the baseline information for detection
changes and modeling of predictive scenarios. Here, we describe long-term
data on the biodiversity and physico-chemical parameters obtained from 1993
to 2016 for the Patos Lagoon estuary and adjacent marine coast (PLEA), in
southern Brazil. We report 8 datasets containing 6972 sampling events
with the occurrence and abundance records of 275 species (kingdoms:
Bacteria, Protozoa, Chromista, Plantae, and Animalia) of functional groups
plankton, benthos, and nekton. Datasets also include 22 190 abiotic records.
The database is published in the Global Biodiversity Information Facility
(GBIF) repository (see Sect. 3 “Data availability” and Table 3). The present compendium
represents one of the most comprehensive and longest datasets from primary
producers to top predators in an estuarine coastal system in South America,
and their availability will be an important contribution to the
understanding and predictability of estuarine dynamics around the world.
Türkiye ve Seçilmiş Ülkelerin Tıbbi Ürünlerde İhracat Performanslarının İncelenmesi
Authors: DEĞİRMEN Nuriye , GÜMÜŞSOY Feride Gülsüm 
Published: March 2022

Bu çalışmada, 1991-2019 dönemi içerisinde Türkiye, Almanya, İsviçre, ABD ve Japonya’nın tıbbi ürün endüstrisi ihracat performanslarını belirleyen etmenlerin araştırılması ve ülkelerin endüstri ihracat performanslarının karşılaştırmalı olarak değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda öncelikle sabit pazar payı analizi yardımıyla 1991-2019 döneminde ülkelerin tıbbi ürün endüstrisi ihracat performanslarındaki değişimin kaynakları belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Sanayileşmiş ülkeler ile Türkiye arasında ihracat performanslarının karşılaştırılması ve endüstride sahip olunan ihracat avantaj ve dezavantajlarının belirlenebilmesi amacıyla açıklanmış karşılaştırmalı üstünlükler endeksi elde edilmiştir.
Sabit pazar analizinden elde edilen bulgulara göre; çoğu dönemde ülkelerin tıbbi ürün endüstrisindeki ihracat performanslarını belirleyen ana etmen endüstride dünya ticaretindeki artıştır. Çoğu dönemde ülkeler endüstride artan dünya ticaretine kolay ve esnek biçimde uyum sağlayamamışlardır. Türkiye, son dönemlerde endüstride rekabet edilebilirlik düzeyini önemli ölçüde arttırmaktadır. RCA endeksi sonuçlarından elde edilen bulgulara göre; Türkiye ve Japonya tıbbi ürünlerde ihracat dezavantajına sahipken; Almanya, İsviçre, ABD endüstride ihracat avantajına sahiptir. Sonuç olarak, ar-ge çalışmaları ile konunun aydınlatılmasına gereksinim olduğu ve etik açıdan sağlık bakımı ve tedavisinde kalite için sağlık ekonomisine daha fazla pay ayrılması gerektiği önerilebilir.
Association between water for human consumption and health of the population of the state of Rio de Janeiro: the case of hepatitis A between 2007 and 2018
Authors: Nunes Daniele Gonçalves , Pistón Nuria , Machado Carlos José Saldanha 
Published: March 2022

This article analyzes the relationship between incidences of hepatitis A — a water-borne disease that can also be transmitted by lack of hygiene — and quality indicators in the provision of water supply services, through secondary data extracted from the National Information Systems for Notifiable Diseases and on Sanitation, in the period between 2007 and 2018, for the municipalities of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The indicators were initially submitted to Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to reduce numerous variables that showed autocorrelation with each other. Subsequently, the principal components were submitted to Pearson’s correlation analysis with the incidence of hepatitis A. A correlation coefficient of -0.32 was observed, at the level of significance (p < 0.05) between the cumulative incidences of hepatitis A and the principal component (PC3) formed by a set of quality indicators for the provision of water supply services. The indicators that best described PC3, with factor loadings ranging from -0.88 to 0.70, were those related to: hydrometer, waterand revenue losses, water revenue, the participation of residential water savings, micro-measurement related to water consumption, water consumption and average water consumption per economy, average duration of outages, and the incidence of non-standard total coliform analyses. Thus, the observed results point to an association between the quality of water supply services and the incidence of hepatitis A, which may indicate both failures in treatment efficiency and lack of hygiene.
Pengembangan Home Industri Berbasis Sumber Daya Home Industry Improvement Based On Resources View
Authors: Aprilman Deviya 
Published: March 2022

Industri merupakan faktor penentu terhadap kemajuan bangsa, kalau industri maju maka negara akan menjadi maju, kemajuan industri tergantung dari kemajuan teknologi, untuk memenuhi kebutuhan produk dan jasa maka industri harus berkembang. Home industri merupakan cikal bakal kemajuan suatu daerah khususnya didaerah rejang lebong dan berbasis industri kopi.
Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk melihat tingkat pelaksanaan dan kesiapan industri untuk mengembangkan home industri berbasis sumber daya, guna untuk menyediakan layanan dan memenui kebutuhan konsumen. Dalam pengmbangan industri ini menggunakan metode VRIO (analisis internal berbasis sumber daya). Untuk menghubungkan faktor internal dan eksternal menggunakan analisa SWOT kemudian diolah menggunakan aplikasi AHP dalam menetukan bobot penilaian, dari hasil ini untuk menetukan strategi dalam mengembangkan home industri di kab. Rejang Lebong
EFFORTS TO IMPROVE STUDENT'S READING ABILITY BY USING IMAGE STORY MEDIA IN INDONESIAN LESSON
Authors: Sara Ti 
Published: March 2022

The objectives of this study were: to determine whether pictorial story media in Indonesian subjects could improve the reading skills of fourth grade students of SD Negeri Pante Ceuremen. This research approach uses qualitative. Type pThis research is Classroom Action Research (PTK). When this research was conducted in August 2018. The subjects in this study areIV SDPante Ceuremen's country districts Pante Ceuremen West Aceh District as much 23 people consisting of 14 men and 9 women. Data collection techniques: tests, observation and documentation. The research instruments were test sheets, observation sheets and documentation sheets. Data analysis techniques aredataincreasing students' reading skills and statistical data for hypothesis testing. From the results of the study it was found that students' reading skills could be improved through pictorial story media in grade IV SD Negeri Pante Ceuremen in the 2018/2019 academic year. Based on the test in the initial conditions, it was found that 20 students scored less than 65. Only 3 students scored above 65. The average score for class 50 with a classification level of completeness was 13%. Based on the results of the Indonesian test on the beauty and cleanliness of the school environment, the reading ability in the first cycle, it was known that the class average was 1480, there were 13 students who had not completed because they got a score of 60 and there were 10 students who got a score of 70. Classical completeness was 43%. Based on the results of the second cycle test shows that the average value of the Indonesian language on the beauty and cleanliness of the school environment increases reading skills by 73.47. Classical completeness is 9.3%. Based on these results, it can be seen that the classical has been completed in cycle II
Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Pemberian Imunisasi Lanjutan Campak Rubella Pada Balita Usia 18 Bulan Sampai 2 Tahun
Authors: Fitriani Desi , Fahriani Metha , Herdiani Tria Nopi , Sari Ruri Mayseptya , Ningsih Dewi Aprilia , Yulidar Septi 
Published: March 2022

Pendahuluan : Rendahnya cakupan imunisasi tidak lepas dari faktor yang mempengaruhi imunisasi yaitu perilaku kesehatan. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan pemberian imunisasi lanjutan campak rubella pada balita usia 18 bulan sampai 2 tahun. Metode : penelitian ini survey analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh ibu yang memiliki bayi berusia diatas 2 tahun dan ibunya yang datang ke Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Rimbo Kedui Kabupaten Seluma sebanyak 280 balita pada tahun 2019 yang diambil secara purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data yaitu data primer dan sekunder. Teknik analisis menggunakan Univariat dan bivariat (Chi square). Hasil : Terdapat 30 (53,6%) responden memberikan imunisasi lanjutan campak rubella pada balita usia 18 bulan sampai 2 tahun dan terdapat 27 (48,2%) responden berpengetahuan kurang, 32 (57,1%) responden bekerja yang jauh dan terdapat 50 (89,3%) responden ada peran petugas kesehatan di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Rimbo Kedui Kabupaten Seluma. Kesimpilan: Ada hubungan antara pengetahuan dan pekerjaan dengan pemberian imunisasi lanjutan campak rubella dengan kategori hubungan erat dan ada hubungan antara peran petugas kesehatan dengan pemberian imuniasi lanjutan campak rubella pada balita usia 18 bulan sampai 2 tahun.
Pengaruh Kunjungan Antenatal Care dan Pengalaman Persalinan Terhadap Depresi Pada Ibu Hamil
Authors: Hilinti Yatri , Situmorang Ronalen Br. , Sulastri Mepi 
Published: March 2022

Pendahuluan: Secara umum terjadi peningkatan depresi pada Ibu hamil disebabkan oleh kunjungan ANC tidak tepat dan adanya pengalaman kurang menyenangkan pada kehamilan dan persalinan sebelumnya. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan kunjungan ANC dan pengalaman persalinan terhadap depresi pada ibu hamil di Puskesmas Sawah Lebar Kota Bengkulu. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik kuantitatif dengan design cross sectional, Sampel pada penelitian ini adalah Ibu hamil Trimeter II dan III di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Sawah Lebar Bengkulu yang berjumlah 158 responden. Tehnik pengambilan sampel pada penelitian ini menggunakan teknik simple random sampling. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner dan dianalisis secara univariat dan bivariat menggunakan SPSS. Hasil: dari 158 orang responden ditemukan sebanyak 99 orang (62,7%) ibu yang tidak tepat dalam melakukan Kunjungan ANC, 86 orang (54,4%) ibu yang mengalami penyulit dalam persalinan sebelumnya, 81 orang (51,3%) ibu yang tidak mengalami depresi saat hamil, ibu hamil yang melakukan kunjungan ANC tidak tepat sebesar 57 orang (36%) mengalami depresi, dan ibu hamil yang memiliki pengalaman persalinan dengan penyulit 50 orang (31,6%) mengalami depresi. Kesimpulan: Ada Pengaruh antara Kunjungan ANC dan Pengalaman Persalinan dengan Depresi Pada Ibu Hamil di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Sawah Lebar Kota Bengkulu.
Puding Kayfe Sebagai Makanan Alternatif Pencegah Anemia Defisiensi Zat Besi
Authors: Lubis Astri Yulia Sari , Safera Mutiara Indah , Abilowo Ashar 
Published: March 2022

Pendahuluan: Keadaan kesehatan dan gizi kelompok usia 10-24 tahun di Indonesia masih memprihatinkan. Data Riskesdas (2018) menunjukkan bahwa prevalensi anemia di Indonesia yaitu 48,9% dengan proporsi anemia pada kelompok umur 15- 24 tahun dan 25- 34 tahun. Peningkatan kandungan zat besi dapat dilakukan dengan memanfaatkan bahan pangan lokal, seperti kacang hijau yang mudah diolah dan disukai masyarakat Indonesia. Kadar zat besi yang dimiliki kacang hijau adalah sekitar 7,5 mg yang berfungsi untuk membantu pembentukan Hb. Tujuan: penelitian ini untuk mengetahui tingkat kesukaan remaja putri terhadap Puding Kayfe sebagai makanan alternatif pencegah anemia defisiensi besi. Metode: penelitian ini menggunakan metode uji mutu hedonik atau uji kualitas. Pengumpulan data dengan metode observasi menggunakan kuesioner. Hasil: pada uji laboratorium terhadap Puding Kayfe dengan 100mg kacang hijau, didapatkan hasil mengandung 6,03mg zat besi. Hasil analisis data uji mutu hedonik menunjukkan bahwa panelis menyukai rasa puding dengan varian coklat. Kesimpulan: Puding Kayfe dapat dikonsumsi bersamaan dengan tablet tambah darah untuk memenuhi kebutuhan zat besi pada remaja putri terutama pada saat menstruasi.
Analisis Risiko Penularan Covid-19 Berdasarkan Aspek Demografis dan Geografis Di Kota Semarang Tahun 2020
Authors: Maulana Mufti Daud , Siwiendrayanti Arum 
Published: March 2022

Pendahuluan: Kota Semarang merupakan salah satu Kota di Indonesia yang masukdalam zona merah covid-19. Pada tanggal 18 Januari 2021 Kota Semarang terdapatkasus covid-19 sebanyak 24.690 kasus. Diperlukan suatu tindakan pencegahan untuk mengurangi penyebaran kasus covid-19. Manajemen penyakit berbasis wilayah dapat menjadi salah satu upaya dalam mencegah persebaran covid-19. Terdapat tiga metode dalam manajemen penyakit berbasis wilayah dan salah satunya adalah menggunakan analisis spasial peta risiko penularan penyakit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui wilayah yang berisiko terjadi penularan covid-19 dan mengetahui relevansi peta yang dibuat dengan kasus covid-19terkini. Metode: Jenis penelitian ini merupakan deskriptif kuantitatif dengan luaran peta risiko penularan covid-19. Hasil peta risiko akan dibandingkan dengan kasus terkini untuk mengetahui tingkat relevansi peta menggunakan scatter plot. Hasil: Dari hasil penelitian wilayah yang masuk dalam kategori risiko penularan rendah yaitu kecamatan Tugu, Mijen, Gunungpati, Gajahmungkur, Candisari, Gayamsari, dan Genuk. Wilayah yang masuk kategori risiko penularan sedang yaitu Kecamatan Ngaliyan, Tembalang, Semarang Selatan, Semarang Tengah, Semarang Timur, dan Semarang Utara. Untuk wilayah yang masuk dalam kategori risiko penularan tinggi yaitu Kecamatan Semarang Barat, Banyumanik, dan Pedurungan. Berdasarkan analisis regresi skor risiko berkorelasi dengan kasus bulan Januari (r square= 0.843), Februari (r square = 0.740) dan Mei (r square = 0.609). Skor risiko memiliki korelasi sedang pada bulan Maret (r square = 0.551) dan memiliki korelasi rendah pada bulan April (r square = 0,331). Kesimpulan : Terdapat 3 kecamatan yang masuk kategori penularan covid-19 tinggi, terdapat 6 Kecamatan yang masuk kategori penularan covid-19 sedang, dan 7 Kecamatan masuk kategori penularan covid-19 rendah. Peta risiko relevan dengan kasus harian kasus harian covid-19 pada bulan Januari, Februari dan Mei. Namun peta risiko tidak relevan dengan kasus harian covid-19 pada bulan Maret dan April. Diharapkan untuk penelitian kedepannya dapat menambahkan variabel PPKM sehingga dapat menghasilkan peta risiko yang lebih akurat.
Edukasi Pencegahan Stunting Melalui Pemberian ASI Eksklusif Pada Masyarakat
Authors: Susanti Dewina , Dewi Rika 
Published: March 2022

Aceh merupakan salah satu provinsi yang paling besar prevalensi pendek (stunting) diatas angka nasional dengan prevalensi stunting sebesar 37%. Pada masa pandemi Covid-19 ruang gerak masyarakat untuk mencari rezeki terhambat sehingga mempengaruhi ekonomi untuk pemenuhan sumber gizi pada anak. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan masyarakat tentang bahaya stunting dan manfaat ASI Eksklusif yang kaya gizi dan murah dalam pencegahan stunting. Kegiatan yang dilakukan berupa edukasi manfaat pemberian ASI Eksklusif dan zat gizi yang terkandung dalam ASI dilanjutkan demonstrasi pijat Oksitosin untuk memperlancar produksi ASI pada Ibu-Ibu di desa Meunasah Kulam, Kecamatan Masjid Raya, Kabupaten Aceh Besar Provinsi Aceh. Hasil dari pengabdian ini Ibu-ibu dapat mengetahui pentingnya pemberian ASI Eksklusif untuk mengurangi angka kejadian stunting. Diharapkan setelah dilakukan edukasi masyarakat khususnya ibu yang memiliki bayi dan wanita usia subur, pasangan suami istri dapat menerapkan pemberian ASI Eksklusif guna menekan angka kejadian stunting.
Ethnic and Sex Diversity in Academic Orthopaedic Surgery: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Vij Neeraj , Singleton Ian , Bisht Roy , Lucio Francisco , Poon Selina , Belthur Mohan V. 
Published: March 2022

Introduction:
Although the diversity in orthopaedic residency programs has been studied, the diversity within academic orthopaedics has not.

Methods:
The board of specialty societies, five leading journals and the National Institutes of Health RePORTER tool, and three accreditation organizations were explored.

Results:
The board of directors comprised 220 (72%) Caucasians, 36 (12%) Asians, 4 (1%) Hispanic/Latinos, 29 (9%) African Americans, and 18 (6%) Other individuals; 250 (81%) were men, and 57 (19%) were women. The editorial boards comprised 288 (77%) Caucasians, 62 (16%) Asians, 14 (4%) Hispanic/Latinos, 8 (2%) African Americans, and 4 (1%) Other individuals; 341 (91%) were men, and 35 (9%) were women. The National Institutes of Health grant recipients comprised 117 (64%) Caucasians, 58 (32%) Asians, 4 (2%) Hispanic/Latinos, and 3 (2%) African Americans; 128 (70%) were men, and 54 (30%) were women. On average, Caucasians, Asians, Hispanic/Latinos, and African Americans received $776,543, $439,600, $420,182, and $494,049, respectively. On average, men and women received $759,426 and $419,518, respectively. The accreditation boards comprised 45 (82%) Caucasians, 6 (11%) Asians, and 4 (7%) African Americans; 45 (82%) were men, and 10 (18%) were women.

Conclusions:
Academic orthopaedic surgery does not resemble the United States. Residency, fellowship committees, and professional organization boards need to become aware of these disparities.
UPAYA GURU MENINGKATKAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR SISWA
Authors: Simamora Lusiana , Simamora Herna Jusnita 
Published: March 2022

Salah satu penentu keberhasilan proses pembelajaran adalah motivasi dalam belajar. Motivasi belajar berasal dari dalam dan luar. Oleh sebab itu diperlukan upaya dalam menumbuhkan motivasi belajar siswa. Guru sebagai pemengang kendali dalam proses pembelajaran yang mampu membuat siswa semakin semangat dan bergairah dalam belajar. Tentunya diperlukan upaya dari guru untuk memotivasi siswa atau anak didik dalam kegiatan pembelajaran. Ada empat upaya yang sangat perlu diterapkan guru dalam memotivasi siswa dalam belajar yaitu (1) menerapkan prinsip belajar yang benar, (2) menerapkan unsur dinamis belajar dan pembelajaran, (3) memberikan pengalaman dan kemampuan siswa dan (4) mengembangkan cita-cita dalam belajar dan pembelajaran. Dengan keempat upaya yang dilakukan guru maka diharapkan dapat meningkatkan motivasi dan hasil belajar siswa.
Factors related to use of prenatal screening tests at Hanoi Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital in 2021
Authors: Ha Thi Thu Hien , Le Thanh Tung 
Published: March 2022

Purpose: To examine the rate of use of prenatal screening tests and the factors related to the use of prenatal screening tests in pregnant women at Hanoi Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital.
Participants and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was performed on 350 pregnant women who came for prenatal screening at Hanoi Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital.
Results: 62% of pregnant women performed fetal ultrasound; 59.1% used Double test. 20.6% and 28.6% of pregnant women performed Triple test and NIPT. Only 25.4% of pregnant women used prenatal screening test according to the correct gestational age. The results indicated that the factors related to the use of the prenatal screening test included age, academic level, times of pregnance, previous results of screening tests, counseling. Specifically, the participants in the age group older than 30 years old, with a university degree or higher using the prenatal screening tests were higher at 5.26 times and 3.08 times compared to younger and lower educated participants. The participants with the second time or more of pregnance, risks from previous test results and counseled for prenatal screening tests using prenatal screening tests were 3.80 times, 3.22 times and 2.57 times compared to the participants with the first pregnancy, the previous normal test results, and without prenatal screening test counseling.
Conclusion: These findings suggested that nurses and health care providers who are responsible for pregnant women should pay more attention to strengthen health education, timely counseling to raise awareness of pregnant women, especially in the group of pregnant women over 30 years old, with low education level, abnormal previous test results about the importance of prenatal screening tests, to help pregnant women make the right decisions to take the right prenatal screening tests in protecting the health of both mother and fetus.