bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stay-at-home orders during COVID-19 pandemic: an experience from general population in Damietta Governorate, Egypt
Authors: Nour Mohamed O. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
The COVID-19 pandemic in Egypt triggered national preparedness, public engagement, and an integrated response that included social distancing measures, for example, staying at home. We aimed to investigate community awareness of and commitment to complying with the stay-at-home orders in Damietta Governorate, Egypt, during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods
A web-based cross-sectional survey was designed and completed by 500 adult participants from Damietta, Egypt, between April 10 and July 15, 2020. Participants were asked about their sociodemographics, sources of knowledge about COVID-19, awareness of COVID-19 prevention methods, commitment to stay-at-home orders, and their trust in governmental measures, community resources, and emergency services. The participants were classified as stay-at-home responders or nonresponders.

Results
Of the participants, 18.4% responded to stay-at-home orders; the main reasons for leaving home were buying essentials, especially food, and going to work. Compliance was significant among elderly individuals and those with a history of chronic illness. Nonresponse was significant among individuals who were married, working, or had low family income. More than one-third (39.2%) had good knowledge of effective methods of COVID-19 prevention, and the overall accepted knowledge was significantly higher among stay-at-home responders than nonresponders. Their trust in governmental measures, community resources, and emergency services to manage the pandemic was poor—84.6%, 71.8%, and 79%, respectively—with no significant differences between the groups.

Conclusions
Participants’ compliance with and engagement in stay-at-home orders in Damietta Governorate, Egypt, was poor. Public response to stay-at-home orders is affected by sociodemographics, and the public’s trust in governmental measures, community resources, and emergency services was poor. Understanding how social distancing is perceived in Egypt is important to provide public support and improve pandemic disease containment.
Food sovereignty of the P’urhépecha of Michoacán, Mexico: historical review and critical perspectives from nature-culture relationships
Authors: González-Rivadeneira Tania I. , Casas Alejandro , Argueta-Villamar Arturo 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis study aims to analyze the relationships between culture and nature associated with food sovereignty of the P'urhépecha people of Michoacán, central Mexico. We explore how food sovereignty could be analyzed by decentering humans. Firstly, we examine the context and meaning of food sovereignty based on information on the P'urhépecha culture, its history and food patterns. Then, we discuss the concept of food sovereignty from three perspectives: (1) How food sovereignty could be understood by decentering humans; (2) How to define food sovereignty from a relational perspective; and (3) How to do justice to an ontological plurality that involves non-human organisms. We conclude the need of considering new ways to understand food sovereignty, emphasizing the relational perspectives that include non-human entities.
Comparison of young male mice of two different strains (C57BL/6J and the hybrid B6129SF1/J) in selected behavior tests: a small scale study
Authors: Hansen Kristine Eraker Aasland , Hudecová Alexandra M. , Haugen Fred , Skjerve Eystein , Ropstad Erik , Zimmer Karin E. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundAll mouse strains are different, before choosing a strain for a large study, a small scale study should be done. In this study, we compared young males of two mouse strains, C57BL/6J and the hybrid B6129SF1/J, and gained knowledge on their performance in three different behavioral tests; open field (OF) test, Barnes maze (BM) test and a restraint stress test.ResultsWe found that the young males of the C57BL/6J strain spent more time moving in the OF. In the BM, the hybrid covered less ground before reaching the goal box during the first three sessions, than the C57BL/6J. The hybrid left more fecal pellets than C57BL/6J both in OF and BM. During the stress test, the C57BL/6J had a lower corticosterone response than the hybrid.ConclusionsOur findings indicate that the C57BL/6J has a presumably higher locomotor activity and/or explorative behavior than the hybrid, while the hybrid appeared more sensitive to stress.
Does functional planning, 3D templating and patient-specific instrumentation improve accuracy in total hip replacement?— a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Thomas Christopher , Gupta Vatsal , Parsons Helen , Metcalfe Andrew , Foguet Pedro , King Richard 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Aims
Debate continues as to the optimal orientation of the acetabular component in total hip arthroplasty (THA) and how to reliably achieve this. The primary objective of this study was to compare functional CT-based planning and patient-specific instruments with conventional THA using 2D templating.

Methods
A pragmatic single-center, patient-assessor blinded, randomized control trial of patients undergoing THA was performed. 54 patients (aged 18–70) were recruited to either Corin Optimized Positioning System (OPS) or conventional THA. All patients received a cementless acetabular component. All patients underwent pre- and postoperative CT scans, and four functional X-rays. Patients in the OPS group had a 3D surgical plan and bespoke guides made. Patients in the conventional group had a surgical plan based on 2D templating X-rays. The primary outcome measure was the mean error in acetabular anteversion as determined by postoperative CT scan.

Results
There was no statistically significant difference in the mean error in angle of acetabular anteversion when comparing OPS and conventional THA. In the OPS group, the achieved acetabular anteversion was within 10° of the planned anteversion in 96% of cases, compared with only 76% in the conventional group. The clinical outcomes were comparable between the groups.

Conclusion
Large errors in acetabular orientation appear to be reduced when CT-based planning and patient-specific instruments are used compared to the standard technique but no significant differences were seen in the mean error.
Outpatient psychiatric service utilization during the Covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Shirzad Fateme , Shati Mohsen , Mortazavi Seyede Salehe , Gholamzad Shakiba , Ahmadkaraji Shahrzad , Pazhooyan Mahdie , Saeedi Narges , Hashemi Rana , Shirdel Saeedeh , Salehi Mahdieh 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
The conditions related to the Covid-19 pandemic and quarantine have endangered the mental health of people in the community, especially psychiatric patients. This study aims to determine the mental health services usage of outpatient psychiatric patients who attended a public mental health clinic in Tehran, during the quarantine. The study sample consisted of 387 patients with an active record in the mental health clinic. They were selected using systematic random sampling. Data was gathered with the telephone interviews using the researcher-made checklist. The data were then collected and analyzed.

Results
Participants in this study included 141 male and 264 female patients. One-hundred forty-two patients (36.7%) felt better during this period, and the rest got worse or did not make a difference. Among the patients who felt the need to visit, 144 (47.2%) referred for services, of which 81.7% had visited in person. Among the applicants, 84 (56%) succeeded in receiving the service. A total of 53.5% of patients had used at least one face to face, telephone, or online visit. Among them, women are compared to men (p = 0.002), educated people to low education (p < 0.001), and adults to children and the elderly (p = 0.02), and Tehran residents to foreigners (p = 0.01) used significantly more services.

Conclusions
Experience with pandemic quarantine conditions has shown that face-to-face use of these services faces significant barriers. In this situation, the expansion of online services can help improve the condition of patients and should be on the agenda of mental health policymakers.
Relation between latrophilin 3 (LPHN3) gene polymorphism (rs2345039) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children
Authors: Elsadek Akram , Soliman Doaa , Behiry Eman , Deraz Salem 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
The most prevalent psychological disorder in children is attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Latrophilin 3 (LPHN3) is a G protein-coupled receptor family member. It is brain specific and related to attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) genetic susceptibility. This study aimed to assess the association of LPHN3 gene with ADHD and its types.

Methods
The subjects were 2 groups: group I, thirty patients with ADHD, and group II, thirty healthy individuals as a control group. The process of polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) was used to establish the genetic association of ADHD with the polymorphic gene LPHN3 (rs2345039).

Results
The ADHD group included 20 male and 10 females; the mean age was 9.8±1.8 years. LPHN3 rs2345039 polymorphism genotypes distribution showed a statistical significant difference between ADHD and controls (P = 0.01). In the ADHD group, individuals with CG genotype were 5.8-folds to have ADHD than CC individuals. Also, those with GG genotype were about six times more likely to have ADHD than CC ones. All of these relationships were significant statistically (P = 0.024 and = 0.018, respectively). Individuals carrying the G allele were 2.6 times more likely to develop ADHD than those carrying the C allele (OR = 2.6, 95% CI = 1.3–5.6, P value = 0.01).

Conclusion
Our results demonstrate an association between latrophilin 3 (LPHN3) gene rs2345039 and ADHD. Moreover, LPHN3 polymorphisms tend to have a key role in triggering the condition and exacerbating its severity.
Utilizing a new self-centering hysteresis model to assess the seismic vulnerability of a long-span cable-stayed bridge equipped with SMA wire-based roller bearings
Authors: Li Shuai , Farshad Hedayati Dezfuli , Wang Jing Quan , Alam M. Shahria 
Published: October 2022

AbstractA novel shape memory alloy wires-based smart roller bearing (SMA-RBs) has been developed and its cyclic behavior under reverse cyclic loadings has been experimentally investigated. However, its efficacy and performance in enhancing the seismic performance of bridge structures have not been well understood and proven. A new self-centering hysteresis model for SMA-RBs has been proposed to properly simulate their hysteretic behavior, which has been experimentally validated through a pseudo-static test. A methodology is proposed to determine the four damage states of SMA-RB (i.e. slight, moderate, extensive, and collapse) considering the contribution of SMA wires. The smart SMA-RBs are utilized for a cable-stayed bridge in China. The vulnerability of two reference bridges, i.e. the floating system (FS) and rigid system (RS), and one isolated bridge equipped with SMA-RBs (SMA-RBS) are compared at component and system levels. The applicability of three commonly used intensity measures (IMs), i.e. PGA, PGV, and Sa(T1), are evaluated and PGV turns out to be the optimal IM for long-span cable-stayed bridge systems. Results show that incorporating SMA wires in roller bearings can decrease the failure probabilities of the bearing. The piers and towers with SMA-RBs lead to lower seismic fragility over the towers and piers in the reference bridges. The RS is the most vulnerable bridge whereas the SMA-RBS is the least vulnerable bridge among the four bridges. The SMA-RBS experience a much lower collapse damage probability compared to RS ad FS.
Sociodemographic and mental health characteristics associated with changes in movement behaviours due to the COVID-19 pandemic in adolescents
Authors: Lien Amanda , Sampasa-Kanyinga Hugues , Patte Karen A. , Leatherdale Scott T. , Chaput Jean-Philippe 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Objectives
Control measures enacted to control the spread of COVID-19 appear to have impacted adolescent movement behaviours. It remains unclear how these changes relate to sociodemographic characteristics and indicators of mental health. Understanding these relationships can contribute to informing health promotion efforts. The purpose of this study is to examine sociodemographic and mental health characteristics associated with changes in movement behaviours (physical activity, screen time, sleep duration) due to the COVID-19 pandemic among adolescents.

Methods
This cross-sectional study used May–June 2020 survey data and included 7349 students from Quebec, Ontario, and British Columbia (Canada). ANOVA, χ2 tests, and estimation of effect sizes using Cohen’s d and h tests were performed between self-reported perceived changes (increase; decrease; no change) to physical activity, TV watching, social media use, and sleep duration as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic and gender, age, race/ethnicity, income, depression and anxiety symptoms, flourishing-languishing, and self-rated mental health.

Results
Over half of students reported increases in TV viewing and social media use and approximately 40% reported decrease in physical activity and increase in sleep duration due to the COVID-19 pandemic. More females (68.9%) than males (54.3%) reported increase in social media use (Cohen’s h ≥ 0.2–0.5). No change from pre-COVID-19 social media use and sleep duration were associated with fewer depression and anxiety symptoms and better self-rated mental health compared to reports of an increase or decrease. These effect sizes ranged from small-to-moderate to moderate-to-large (Cohen’s d/h ≥ 0.2–0.8). Decreased physical activity and sleep duration were associated with better psychological functioning with effects sizes of small-to-moderate. Compared to an increase or no change, decreased sleep had the largest effect size of less frequent depression symptoms (Cohen’s d ≥ 0.5–0.8).

Conclusion
Maintaining pre-COVID-19 screen time and sleep duration during early stages of the COVID-19 lockdown was generally beneficial to mental health, with sleep being particularly important in regards to symptoms of depression. Psychological functioning was more related to physical activity and sleep than screen time during the pandemic.
Film in the Composition Classroom
Authors: Shaw Zack 
Published: October 2022

AbstractInstructors of writing-intensive disciplines infrequently integrate cinematic media in composition curricula. Furthermore, when instructors use films in composition courses, they often treat films merely as supplemental texts tangentially relevant to course topics and prioritize teaching content rather than media or filmmaking. This pedagogical approach overlooks an opportunity to ask students to consider how the audiovisual rhetorical efforts can meaningfully harmonize or create dissonance with the content. In this research study, the author argues that students are active media consumers engaging frequently with media as a form of composition. He navigates the limitations of Gregory Ulmer and Lev Manovitch, whose early work stressing the primacy of media literacies in composition classrooms is nonetheless seminal to the author's larger claims of film's educational import. The author relates the results of the IRB-approved research of his composition students, who offer feedback about the use of film in the class. The author calls for greater attention to film instruction and curricula development for collegiate composition classrooms, urging educators to move beyond film's supplemental use and toward more educationally fruitful practices, including teaching active watching and basic film analysis. Film is a critical form of cultural communication and media, and the author contends that it is a pivotal part of the landscape of twenty-first century literacy engagements.
“A Dilatory Stratagem”: Taft-Hartley, American Enka, and the Defeat of Organized Labor in the Postwar South
Authors: Brooks Jennifer 
Published: October 2022

Abstract“A Dilatory Stratagem” argues that the national Taft-Hartley Act (1947) emboldened southern employers to use permanent replacement hiring to undermine organized labor and eradicate union locals soon after World War II. Extensive archival research in union records, government documents, and newspapers, as well as oral history interviews conducted with former employees, tells the story of the 1950 strike at the American Enka Rayon plant in Morristown, Tennessee. Although largely unknown, the Enka strike became the subject of national congressional hearings and demonstrated the importance of permanent replacement hiring in management's anti-union toolbox well before the 1970s.
A c-MET-Targeted Topical Fluorescent Probe cMBP-ICG Improves Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Detection in Humans
Authors: Wang Jingbo , Li Siyi , Wang Kun , Zhu Ling , Yang Lin , Zhu Yunjing , Zhang Zhen , Hu Longwei , Yuan Yuan , Fan Qi , Ren Jiliang , Yang Gongxin , Ding Weilong , Zhou Xiaoyu , Cui Junqi , Zhang Chunye , Yuan Ying , Huang Ruimin , Tian Jie , Tao Xiaofeng 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Introduction
The postoperative survival of oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) relies on precise detection and complete resection of original tumors. The mucosal extension of the tumor is evaluated visually during surgery, but small and flat foci are difficult to detect. Real-time fluorescence imaging may improve detection of tumor margins.

Materials and Methods
In the current study, a peptide-based near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence dye, c-MET-binding peptide-indocyanine green (cMBP-ICG), which specifically targets tumor via c-MET binding, was synthetized. A prospective pilot clinical trial then was conducted with oral SCC patients and intraoperatively to assess the feasibility of cMBP-ICG used to detect tumors margins. Fluorescence was histologically correlated to determine sensitivity and specificity.

Results
The immunohistochemistry (IHC) results demonstrated increased c-Met expression in oral SCC compared with normal mucosa. Tumor-to-background ratios ranged from 2.71 ± 0.7 to 3.11 ± 1.2 in different concentration groups. From 10 patients with oral SCC, 60 specimens were collected from tumor margins. The sensitivity and specificity of discriminative value derived from cMBP-ICG application in humans were respectively 100% and 75%.

Conclusions
Topical application of cMBP-ICG is feasible and safe for optimizing intraoperative visualization and tumor margin detection in oral SCC patients, which could clinically increase the probability of complete resections and improve oncologic outcomes.
Effects of azithromycin on serum inflammatory factors and T lymphocyte subsets in patients with gynecological mycoplasma infection
Authors: She Mengdi , Chen Cheng 
Published: October 2022

Objectives: To investigate the effect of azithromycin on the levels of serum inflammatory factors and T lymphocyte subsets in patients with gynecological mycoplasma infection.
Methods: Records of 250 patients with gynecological mycoplasma infection, treated in our hospital from May 2020 to June 2021, were retrospectively divided into two groups based on the received treatment. Patient (n=120) that were treated with levofloxacin tablets comprised the control group, and patients (n=130) treated with levofloxacin tablets (250mg) and azithromycin tablets comprised the observation group. Changes of serum inflammatory factors and T lymphocyte subsets in the two groups after two weeks of treatment with corresponding drugs were analyzed retrospectively.
Results: After the treatment, the levels of C-reactive protein(CRP), interleukin-6(IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor α (Tumor necrosis factor α, TNF- α) in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). Levels of CD3+, CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). The total clinical efficacy in the observation group was 93.08%, significantly higher than 80.00% in the control group, and the total incidence of adverse drug reactions was 6.15%, significantly lower than 14.17% in the control group (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Azithromycin used in clinical treatment of patients with gynecological mycoplasma infection can effectively improve anti-inflammatory and immune response, improve the clinical efficacy of the treatment and reduce adverse reactions.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.8.6283
How to cite this:She M, Chen C. Effects of azithromycin on serum inflammatory factors and T lymphocyte subsets in patients with gynecological mycoplasma infection. Pak J Med Sci. 2022;38(8):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.8.6283
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Fabry disease in South and Central Asia: Is it truly a rare disease or underappreciated?
Authors: Saeed Sahrai , Imazio Massimo 
Published: October 2022

Fabry disease (FD) is a relatively rare X-linked hereditary disease caused by mutations in the GLA gene that results in deficient α-galactosidase A (α-Gal A) enzyme activity. The disturbed catabolism of the neutral sphingolipids globotriaosylceramide (Gb3) leads to its progressive lysosomal accumulation throughout the body. Multiple organs can be affected. The atypical late-onset cardiac variant is associated with a high burden of cardiac morbidity and mortality. The true burden of FD in Central and some South Asian countries is unknown. Lack of research studies and awareness, and misdiagnosis/underdiagnosis may be the reasons. Some possible explanations as well suggestions for a structured Fabry care and research possibilities in these WHO regions are offered.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.8.7064
How to cite this:Saeed S, Imazio M. Fabry disease in South and Central Asia: Is it truly a rare disease or underappreciated?. Pak J Med Sci. 2022;38(8):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.8.7064
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.