bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determination of dominant recombination site in perovskite solar cells through illumination‐side‐dependent impedance spectroscopy
Authors: Omer Mohamed I. , Wang Xizu , Tang Xiaohong 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPerovskite solar cells (PSCs) have attracted wide attention due to their capacity to achieve high‐power conversion efficiencies. However, the high trap‐assisted recombination taking place in the active layer leads to performance loss in PSCs. In particular, the excessive recombination at the interface between the perovskite active layer and the carrier selective contacts can be especially problematic. Therefore, the identification of the dominant recombination pathways in a given PSC architecture is of significant importance for the mitigation of losses and enhancement of device performance. Here, we introduce an approach for identifying the dominant recombination pathways in PSCs by applying illumination‐side‐dependent impedance spectroscopy (ISD‐IS) measurements on the devices with a semi‐transparent top electrode. We validate this technique using coupled ionic‐electronic numerical simulations and apply it experimentally on a standard PSC structure. Overall, this approach could be of significant importance for pinpointing the performance bottlenecks in PSC devices under operationally relevant conditions and providing a more detailed picture of the losses in a complete PSC device by examining its behaviors under illumination from both sides at different operation conditions, which could allow for a more targeted optimization strategy of PSCs to improve their performance.
Diversity of mechanisms to control bacterial GTP homeostasis by the mutually exclusive binding of adenine and guanine nucleotides to IMP dehydrogenase
Authors: Fernández‐Justel David , Marcos‐Alcalde Íñigo , Abascal Federico , Vidaña Nerea , Gómez‐Puertas Paulino , Jiménez Alberto , Revuelta José L. , Buey Rubén M. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIMP dehydrogenase(IMPDH) is an essential enzyme that catalyzes the rate‐limiting step in the guanine nucleotide pathway. In eukaryotic cells, GTP binding to the regulatory domain allosterically controls the activity of IMPDH by a mechanism that is fine‐tuned by post‐translational modifications and enzyme polymerization. Nonetheless, the mechanisms of regulation of IMPDH in bacterial cells remain unclear. Using biochemical, structural, and evolutionary analyses, we demonstrate that, in most bacterial phyla, (p)ppGpp compete with ATP to allosterically modulate IMPDH activity by binding to a, previously unrecognized, conserved high affinity pocket within the regulatory domain. This pocket was lost during the evolution of Proteobacteria, making their IMPDHs insensitive to these alarmones. Instead, most proteobacterial IMPDHs evolved to be directly modulated by the balance between ATP and GTP that compete for the same allosteric binding site. Altogether, we demonstrate that the activity of bacterial IMPDHs is allosterically modulated by a universally conserved nucleotide‐controlled conformational switch that has divergently evolved to adapt to the specific particularities of each organism. These results reconcile the reported data on the crosstalk between (p)ppGpp signaling and the guanine nucleotide biosynthetic pathway and reinforce the essential role of IMPDH allosteric regulation on bacterial GTP homeostasis.
An introductory review of robotically assisted surgical systems
Authors: Cepolina Francesco , Razzoli Roberto P. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPurposeThe scope of the work is to present the state of the art of robotically assisted surgical systems and to give a general idea about how technology can help today and tomorrow robotic surgery. The road to innovation passes through research and on field trials; for this reason, not only commercial surgery robots, but also innovative prototype robots, proposed by the Academic world, are presented.Design/methodology/approachFollowing a short introduction, robotically assisted surgery systems are introduced discussing their architectures and main peculiarities. A further section is dedicated to the key enabling technologies that will make possible to improve current systems and that will lead to a new generation of surgical robotic systems able to meet the patient's needs and facilitate the surgeon's task. Finally, brief concluding comments are given.FindingsThe idea of using robots for surgery was born many years ago and in a short time a market demand was created. Today the market is very dynamic, and several new products are updated and created for the execution of both traditional and new procedures. The article provides a guide for the reader who has an interest in this area.Originality/valueThis paper provides an insight into the commercial robotic surgical systems and a look on research prototypes from academic and industrial worlds.
Implications of crop residue removal on soil physical properties: A review
Authors: Klopp Hans W. , Blanco‐Canqui Humberto 
Published: April 2022

AbstractCrop residues are often removed for livestock and biofuel production, but how such removal impacts soil physical properties has not been widely discussed. The objectives of this paper were to discuss: (a) the impacts of crop residue removal on soil physical properties, (b) factors affecting residue removal effects on soils, (c) threshold level of residue removal, (d) strategies to offset the removal negative effects, and (e) research needs. We compiled 66 studies on crop residue removal and soil physical properties published prior to 17 Aug. 2021. Residue removal may not affect bulk density and water infiltration rate but increases penetration resistance by 55% and soil temperature by 1.8 °C in spring. However, it reduces wet aggregate stability by 31%, dry aggregate stability by 44%, and water retention at –33 kPa by 24% in most studies, indicating residue removal can increase erosion risks and reduce soil water storage. Residue removal rate is the leading factor that explains changes in soil physical properties. Residue removal at rates above 50%, in general, adversely affected soil physical properties, which correlates to retaining about 4 Mg ha–1 of residue. Cover crops and manure application may partially offset adverse effects of residue removal on soil physical properties, but studies are too few to make a strong conclusion. Consistency of soil sampling depths, accurate reporting of residue removal rates, and additional data from long‐term experiments are needed. Overall, high rates of residue removal can increase erosion potential and reduce soil water but have mixed impacts on other physical properties.
Narratives and Negotiations of Identity in Japan and Criticality in (English) Language Education: (Dis)Connections and Implications
Authors: Rudolph Nathanael 
Published: April 2022

AbstractInspired by the call to question (critical) assumptions underpinning frameworks for “seeing” (Lather, 1993) and ground criticality in alternative forms of knowing (Pennycook, 2018), this paper examines critical frameworks for approaching identity, experience, and (in)equity in “English” language teaching (ELT), with a focus on critical attention to Japan. Transdisciplinary scholarship, social movements, and other voices have detailed how the narrative of “homogeneous Japan” has given shape to notions of Selfhood‐Otherness, resulting in the erasing of Japan's history as a site of movement, change, diversity and hybridity, and marginalization of many therein. The author notes that the scope of dominant, critical approaches to identity, experience, and (in)equity in Japan and globalized ELT ‐problematizing essentialized and idealized “nativeness” in English—does not afford conceptual space for attention to how the negotiation of being, belonging and becoming in ELT is situated in broader negotiations of identity and community membership. The author contends that this issue is linked to tensions within criticality pertaining to the imposition of essentializing frameworks for seeing upon individuals and communities around the globe. The author then discusses potential broader implications for theorization, inquiry, and practice in ELT in and beyond Japan.
The effect of low molecular weight‐polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons responsive hsa_circ_0039929/hsa‐miR‐15b‐3p_R‐1/FGF2 circuit on inflammatory response of A549 cells via the PI3K/AKT pathway and epithelial‐mesenchymal transition process
Authors: Huang Yushan , Huang Yamin , Wang Huiling , Zhang Haojun , Shi Lei , Li Chengyun , Li Xiangli , Zeng Yong , Liu Yang , Wu Minghua , Wang Jingyu , Wang Junling 
Published: April 2022

AbstractInflammation is widely recognized as an essential inducer of epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT). Meanwhile, competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) has been involved in a variety of disease processes. Therefore, the aim of the current study is to explore the regulation of ceRNA in the PI3K/AKT pathway and EMT mechanism in inflammatory response caused by low molecular weight‐polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (LMW‐PAHs). The A549 cells were treated with an equal mixture of phenanthrene (Phe) and fluorene (Flu), and total RNA was extracted for transcriptome sequencing. The target regulation of ceRNA hsa_circ_0039929/hsa‐miR‐15b‐3p_R‐1/FGF2 was further determined for mechanism study. The mixture of Phe and Flu significantly upregulated the expressions of hsa_circ_0039929 and FGF2, down‐regulated hsa‐miR‐15b‐3p_R‐1, activated the PI3K/AKT pathway and promoted EMT. Mechanically, the overexpression of hsa‐miR‐15b‐3p_R‐1 inhibited the expressions of hsa_circ_0039929 and FGF2, reversed the activation of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway by LMW‐PAHs, and blocked the occurrence of EMT progression. Furthermore, knockdown of hsa_circ_0039929 could promote the levels of hsa‐miR‐15b‐3p_R‐1, while inhibit the expression of FGF2. The effects of hsa_circ_0039929 knockdowns on PI3K/AKT pathways and EMT progress resembled the hsa‐miR‐15b‐3p_R‐1 overexpression. All above suggested that ceRNA hsa_circ_0039929/hsa‐miR‐15b‐3p_R‐1/FGF2 played an important role in the inflammation and EMT caused by LMW‐PAHs.
Cytologic detection of Simonsiella‐like bacteria suggesting oral contamination in cases of canine ulcerative keratitis
Authors: Li Puma Margaret C. , Diehl Kathryn A. , Myrna Kathern E. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractSimonsiella is a known oral commensal organism and has been identified as a part of the normal ocular microbiota in humans. This case series highlights three cases of canine ulcerative keratitis in which a mixed bacterial infection, including high numbers of Simonsiella spp. had been identified cytologically. All cases had episodes of oral contamination, either from licking the eye, licking the paws and rubbing the eye, or housemate(s) licking the eye. In two of three cases, ulcer resolution was observed within 3 weeks following initiation of broad‐spectrum topical antimicrobial therapy.
Documentation and Legalization Arenas in Moscow and Istanbul
Authors: Urinboyev Rustamjon , Eraliev Sherzod 
Published: April 2022

AbstractDuring our ethnographic fieldwork in Istanbul—in the Kumkapi neighborhood where the majority of Uzbek migrant workers reside and work—we encountered many Uzbek migrants who were compelled to reroute their migration destination from Russia to Turkey following the introduction of the entry ban legislation in Russia in 2013 and 2014. Since that ban, Turkey has become a popular destination since Uzbeks can travel visa-free and can work and reside there without any immigration documents.
Informality and Migrant Agency in Non-Western Migration Regimes
Authors: Urinboyev Rustamjon , Eraliev Sherzod 
Published: April 2022

AbstractOn January 14, 2022, we attended a dinner with Safar (the Uzbek migrant presented in Chapter 10.1007/978-3-030-99256-9_1 of this book) at O’zbegim restaurant in Kumkapi in Istanbul, Turkey.
Einleitung
Authors: Logeswaran Araththy 
Published: April 2022

ZusammenfassungEine junge Frau und ein junger Mann stehen in der Warteschlange an der Kasse einer bekannten Supermarktkette in Deutschland. Die junge Frau weist trotz ihrer Geburt in Deutschland eine Migrationsgeschichte auf, denn ihre Eltern kamen vor etwa 25 Jahren als Geflüchtete nach Deutschland. Der junge Mann dahingegen hat eine Migrationserfahrung und kam vor drei Jahren als Arbeitsmigrant in die Bundesrepublik.
Search for exotic leptons in final states with two or three leptons and fat-jets at 13 TeV LHC
Authors: Ashanujjaman Saiyad , Choudhury Debajyoti , Ghosh Kirtiman 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Exotic leptons in large gauge multiplets, appearing in many scenarios beyond the Standard Model (SM), can be produced at the LHC in pairs or association. Owing to their large masses, their eventual decay products — SM leptons and bosons — tend to be highly boosted, with the jets stemming from the SM bosons more likely to manifest themselves as a single fat-jet rather than two resolved ones. With the corresponding SM backgrounds being suppressed, final states with two or three leptons and one or two fat-jets are expected to be sensitive in probing exotic fermions much heavier than 1 TeV, and we propose and investigate an appropriate search strategy. To concentrate on the essential, we consider extensions of the SM by leptonic multiplets of a single kind (triplets, quadruplets or quintuplets), bearing in mind that such simplified models typically arise as low-energy limits of more ambitious scenarios addressing various lacunae of the SM. Performing a systematic and comprehensive study of nine such scenarios at the 13 TeV LHC, we find that the corresponding 5σ discovery reaches a range from 985 GeV to 1650 GeV (1345 GeV to 2020 GeV) for 300 (3000) fb−1.
Surprises in Lorentzian path-integral of Gauss-Bonnet gravity
Authors: Narain Gaurav 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In this paper we study the Lorentzian path-integral of Gauss-Bonnet gravity in the mini-superspace approximation in four spacetime dimensions and investigate the transition amplitude from one configuration to another. Past studies motivate us on imposing Neumann boundary conditions on initial boundary as they lead to stable behaviour of fluctuations. The transition amplitude is computed exactly while incorporating the non-trivial contribution coming from the Gauss-Bonnet sector of gravity. A saddle-point analysis involving usage of Picard-Lefschetz methods allow us to gain further insight of the nature of transition amplitude. Small-size Universe is Euclidean in nature which is shown by the exponentially rising wave-function. It reaches a peak after which the wave-function becomes oscillatory indicating an emergence of time and a Lorentzian phase of the Universe. We also notice an interesting hypothetical situation when the wave-function of Universe becomes independent of the initial conditions completely, which happens when cosmological constant and Gauss-Bonnet coupling have a particular relation. This however doesn’t imply that the initial momentum is left arbitrary as it needs to be fixed to a particular value which is chosen by demanding regularity of Universe at an initial time and the stability of fluctuations.
CEMIP (KIAA1199) regulates inflammation, hyperplasia and fibrosis in osteoarthritis synovial membrane
Authors: Deroyer Céline , Poulet Christophe , Paulissen Geneviève , Ciregia Federica , Malaise Olivier , Plener Zelda , Cobraiville Gaël , Daniel Christophe , Gillet Philippe , Malaise Michel G. , de Seny Dominique 
Published: April 2022

AbstractOsteoarthritis (OA) synovial membrane is mainly characterized by low-grade inflammation, hyperplasia with increased cell proliferation and fibrosis. We previously underscored a critical role for CEMIP in fibrosis of OA cartilage. However, its role in OA synovial membrane remains unknown. An in vitro model with fibroblast-like synoviocytes from OA patients and an in vivo model with collagenase-induced OA mice were used to evaluate CEMIP-silencing effects on inflammation, hyperplasia and fibrosis. Our results showed that i. CEMIP expression was increased in human and mouse inflamed synovial membrane; ii. CEMIP regulated the inflammatory response pathway and inflammatory cytokines production in vitro and in vivo; iii. CEMIP induced epithelial to mesenchymal transition pathway and fibrotic markers in vitro and in vivo; iv. CEMIP increased cell proliferation and synovial hyperplasia; v. CEMIP expression was increased by inflammatory cytokines and by TGF-β signaling; vi. anti-fibrotic drugs decreased CEMIP expression. All these findings highlighted the central role of CEMIP in OA synovial membrane development and underscored that targeting CEMIP could be a new therapeutic approach.
Prevalence and correlates of loneliness, perceived and objective social isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic. Evidence from a representative survey in Germany
Authors: Hajek André , König Hans-Helmut 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Our aim was to identify the prevalence and correlates of loneliness, perceived and objective social isolation in the German population during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods
Data were taken from a representative survey with n = 3075 individuals (18–70 years; August/September 2021). Valid measures were used to quantify the outcomes (loneliness: De Jong Gierveld scale; perceived social isolation: Bude/Lantermann tool; objective social isolation: Lubben Social Network Scale). Multiple logistic regressions were used to identify the correlates of these three outcomes.

Results
The prevalence of loneliness was 83.4%, the prevalence of perceived social isolation was 59.1% and the prevalence of objective social isolation was 28.9%. The prevalence rate significantly differed between the subgroups (e.g., the prevalence of perceived social isolation was 73.9% among individuals aged 18–29 years, whereas it was 48.8% among individuals aged 60–70 years). In regression analysis, several correlates of these outcomes were identified (e.g., marital status, age group (with changing signs), migration background, sports activities, or self-rated health).

Conclusion
Our study particularly identified very to extraordinarily high prevalence rates for social isolation and loneliness, respectively. Knowledge about the correlates (e.g., age group) may help to address these individuals during the ongoing pandemic.
Comparison and integration of CONT17 networks
Authors: Kwak Younghee , Glomsda Matthias , Angermann Detlef , Gerstl Michael 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAmong the continuous (CONT) campaigns of very long baseline interferometry (VLBI), CONT17 is a special CONT campaign which comprises three independent networks: two legacy networks, and one VGOS network to mainly check possible biases in network geometry. In this study, we estimate all types of geodetic parameters (station and source coordinates, and Earth orientation parameters (EOP)) within the single networks and compare them to investigate potential network dependent biases. Since the separate networks are technically linked to each other by common parameters, i.e. EOP and common radio source coordinates, they can be regarded as a single network on the Earth and integrated in one common adjustment. Thus, we also estimate the station and source coordinates, and the EOP from the integrated networks and compare them with those of the single networks to check the impact on the geodetic parameters. There are both subtle and large biases (up to 7.1 mm between the legacy networks in the Ty component and 23.3 mm between the legacy and VGOS networks in the $$D_3$$

D
3

component on the surface of the Earth) between the single networks depending on parameter types. The integrated network eventually compensates those differences. Adding the VGOS network to the legacy networks does not show any significant improvement for the latter. However, the integration can provide the VGOS network with better parameter estimates which is important for the new stations.
Why hospital-based healthcare professionals do not report adverse drug reactions: a mixed methods study using the Theoretical Domains Framework
Authors: Li Raymond , Curtis Kate , Van Connie , Tabish Razi Zaidi Syed , Yeo Chin Yen , Arun Kali Christina , Zaheen Mithila , Therese Moujalli Grace , Castelino Ronald 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Purpose
Adverse drug reaction (ADR) underreporting is highly prevalent across the world. This study aimed to identify factors associated with ADR reporting and map these to a behavioural change framework to help inform future interventions designed to improve ADR underreporting.

Methods
A mixed methods survey was distributed to healthcare professionals at a tertiary hospital in Sydney, Australia. Quantitative data was analysed using logistic regression to identify factors that predict ADR reporting. Qualitative data was evaluated using content analysis. These were then integrated and mapped to the 14 domains within the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) to identify target areas relevant for improving ADR reporting.

Results
One hundred thirty-three healthcare professionals completed the survey. Knowing how to report ADRs (OR 4.56, 95%CI 1.95–10.7), having been trained on ADR reporting (OR 2.72, 95%CI 1.29–5.77), and encountering ADRs as part of clinical practice (OR 10.3, 95%CI 3.59–29.4) were significant predictors of reporting an ADR. Content analysis identified three categories: modifying the ADR reporting process, enabling clinicians to report ADRs, and creating a positive ADR reporting culture. After data integration, the three target TDF domains were knowledge, environmental context/resources, and beliefs about consequences.

Conclusion
Future interventions designed to improve ADR reporting should address these target domains to instigate behaviour change in healthcare professionals’ reporting of ADRs.
Role of spt23 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae thermal tolerance
Authors: Lu Zhilong , Wu Yanling , Chen Ying , Chen Xiaoling , Wu Renzhi , Lu Qi , Chen Dong , Huang Ribo 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
spt23 plays multiple roles in the thermal tolerance of budding yeast. spt23 regulates unsaturated lipid acid (ULA) content in the cell, which can then significantly affect cellular thermal tolerance. Being a Ty suppressor, spt23 can also interact with transposons (Tys) that are contributors to yeast’s adaptive evolution. Nevertheless, few studies have investigated whether and how much spt23 can exert its regulatory functions through transposons. In this study, expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) analysis was conducted with thermal-tolerant Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains, and spt23 was identified as one of the most important genes in mutants. spt23-overexpression (OE), deletion (Del), and integrative-expressed (IE) strains were constructed. Their heat tolerance, ethanol production, the expression level of key genes, and lipid acid contents in the cell membranes were measured. Furthermore, LTR (long terminal repeat)-amplicon sequencing was used to profile yeast transposon activities in the treatments. The results showed the Del type had a higher survival rate, biomass, and ethanol production, revealing negative correlations between spt23 expression levels and thermal tolerance. Total unsaturated lipid acid (TULA) contents in cell membranes were lower in the Del type, indicating its negative association with spt23 expression levels. The Del type resulted in the lower richness and higher evenness in LTR distributions, as well as higher transposon activities. The intersection of 3 gene sets and regression analysis revealed the relative weight of spt23’s direct and TY-induced influence is about 4:3. These results suggested a heat tolerance model in which spt23 increases cell thermal tolerance through transcriptional regulation in addition to spt23-transposon triggered unknown responses.

Key points
• spt23 is a key gene for heat tolerance, important for LA contents but not vital.
• Deletion of spt23 decreases in yeast’s LTR richness but not in evenness.
• The relative weight of spt23’s direct and TY-induced influence is about 4:3.