bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stereotactic radiosurgery for Koos grade IV vestibular schwannoma in young patients: a multi-institutional study
Authors: Pikis Stylianos , Mantziaris Georgios , Xu Zhiyuan , Anand Rithika Kormath , Nabeel Ahmed M. , Sheehan Darrah , Sheehan Kimball , Reda Wael A. , Tawadros Sameh R. , Abdelkarim Khaled , El-Shehaby Amr M. N. , Eldin Reem Emad , Peker Selcuk , Samanci Yavuz , Kaisman-Elbaz Tehila , Speckter Herwin , Hernández Wenceslao , Isidor Julio , Tripathi Manjul , Madan Renu , Zacharia Brad E. , Daggubati Lekhaj C. , Moreno Nuria Martínez , Álvarez Roberto Martínez , Langlois Anne-Marie , Mathieu David , Deibert Christopher P. , Sudhakar Vivek R. , Cifarelli Christopher P. , Icaza Denisse Arteaga , Cifarelli Daniel T. , Wei Zhishuo , Niranjan Ajay , Barnett Gene H. , Lunsford L. Dade , Bowden Greg N. , Sheehan Jason P 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Surgery is the treatment of choice for large vestibular schwannomas (VS). Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) has been suggested as an alternative to resection in selected patients. However, the safety and efficacy of SRS in Koos grade IV patients ≤45 years old has not been evaluated. The aim of this study is to describe the clinical and radiological outcomes of Koos grade IV in young patient managed with a single-session SRS.
Methods
This retrospective, multicenter analysis included SRS-treated patients, ≤45 years old presenting with non-life threatening or incapacitating symptoms due to a Koos Grade IV VS and with follow-up ≥ 12 months. Tumor control and neurological outcomes were evaluated.
Results
176 patients (median age of 36.0 (IQR 9) and median tumor volume of 9.3 cm3 (IQR 4.7)) were included. The median prescription dose was 12 Gy (IQR 0.5). Median follow-up period was 37.5 (IQR 53.5) months. The 5- and 10-year progression-free survival was 90.9 and 86.7%. Early tumor enlargement occurred in 10.9% of cases and was associated with tumor progression at the last follow-up. The probability of serviceable hearing preservation at 5- and 10-years was 56.8% and 45.2%, respectively. The probability of improvement or preservation of facial nerve function was 95.7% at 5 and 10-years. Adverse radiation effects were noted in 19.9%. New-onset hydrocephalus occurred in 4.0%.
Conclusion
Single-session SRS is a safe and effective alternative to surgical resection in selected patients ≤45 years old particularly those with medical co-morbidities and those who decline resection. Longer term follow up is warranted.
In Silico and Experimental Outcomes of the Expression of miR508-5p and miR-635 in Tumor Compared with Non-Tumor Adjacent Tissues of Patients with Breast Cancer
Authors: Sehrig Fatemeh Zeinali , Zaefizadeh Mohammad , Ahmadizadeh Changiz , Alivand Mohammad Reza , Ghorbian Saeid 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Breast cancer (BC) is a malignant tumor that occurs in the epithelial tissue of the breast gland and has become the most common malignancy in women. Various studies have reported the effect of epigenetic changes, including DNA methylation and microRNAs, on breast carcinogenesis. microRNAs play an important role in the post-transcriptional regulation of genes and are important regulators of oncogenic pathways. Studying microRNAs in BC facilitates the development of targeted therapies and early detection of this cancer. This study aimed to evaluate the expression level of miR-508-5p and miR-635 in BC tumor tissues compared to healthy marginal tissues.Methods and Materials: In silico analysis confirmed microarray datasets (GSE40525, GSE44124 and GSE45666) downloaded from the GEO database. The analysis was defined using the Affy packages in R software to screen remarkably dysregulated miRNAs attended by utilized to predict the potential biological processes and molecular pathways of miR-508-5p and miR-635. Experimental statistical significance of differences in miRNA relative expression results was analyzed by pair-wise fixed reallocation randomization test as a statistical model included in the REST (relative expression software tool).Result: GEO microarray data set, similar to qPCR results, showed that miR-508-5p was downregulated in the sample group by a mean factor of 0.327 (S.E.M range is 0.031-2.000). Moreover, miR-635 was upregulated in the sample group by a mean factor of 2.361 (S.E.M range is 0.250-16.000).Conclusion: MiR-508-5p was downregulated, while miR-635 was upregulated in BC tissues. They may be proposed as diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers for patients with BC.
Evaluation of a probe hybridization quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay for Cryptosporidium serpentis in eastern indigo snakes (Drymarchon couperi)
Authors: Bogan James E. , Wellehan James F.X. , Garner Michael M. , Childress April L. , Jackson Bethany 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The ante-mortem diagnosis of squamate gastric cryptosporidiosis can be elusive if the proper diagnostic test is not performed on the proper sample. Molecular diagnostic tests (e.g., PCR) have been shown to be superior to other tests (e.g., acid-fast stain, IFA, and ELISA) in detecting the presence of Cryptosporidium in a sample. Samples collected from the stomach three days after a meal have a higher likelihood of detecting the presence of Cryptosporidium than other samples (e.g., cloacal swab or feces). A probe-hybridization quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay specific for C. serpentis (qPCR) has been developed and shown to be extremely sensitive in the laboratory, but clinical sensitivity and specificity for this test is lacking. To approximate the sensitivity and specificity of the C. serpentis qPCR, the medical records from a captive snake colony were reviewed and between November 2015 and June 2021, 63 eastern indigo snakes (Drymarchon couperi) were necropsied. Of these 63 snakes, 11 had qPCR performed on gastric biopsies collected at the time of necropsy, 8 had qPCR performed on samples collected by gastric swab within 35 days of necropsy, and 34 had qPCR performed on samples collected by cloacal swab within 84 days of necropsy. The qPCR results were then compared to the post-mortem histological findings, where all three sampling techniques had a 100% specificity. The sensitivity was highest in samples collected at necropsy (100%, CI: 63.06–100%) followed by the ante-mortem testing: gastric swab (87.50%, CI: 42.13–99.64%) and cloacal swab (66.67%, CI: 44.68–84.37%).
Engaging Caregivers to use an Evidence-Based Intervention for Medicaid Beneficiaries with Alzheimer’s Disease: A Pilot Study
Authors: Spoelstra Sandra L. , Sikorskii Alla , Schueller Monica , Basso Viktoria , Baldwin Autumn 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
BackgroundDifficulty with physical and cognitive function occurs in those with Alzheimer’s Disease, and most have an informal caregiver. Caregivers were engaged to assist clinicians with use of an intervention to manage function. The aims were to determine clinician knowledge uptake/satisfaction with training; feasibility, acceptability of and satisfaction with the intervention by caregivers; and intervention effect (pre/post) on outcomes of beneficiaries with Alzheimer’s Disease.MethodsA 5-month qualitative/quantitative methods pilot study was conducted in 3-Medicaid Home and Community-based Services sites in Michigan. Clinicians were trained to engage caregivers to use a toolkit to assist with providing the intervention used in our Parent trial to beneficiaries. Socio-demographic characteristics of participants; clinician knowledge and satisfaction; caregiver self-efficacy, feasibility, acceptability, usability, and satisfaction with intervention; and beneficiary activities of daily living, pain, depression, falls, emergency department visits, and hospitalizations (pre-/post-intervention) were collected. Descriptive statistics, counts, proportion comparisons, paired t-tests, matched pairs t-tests, McNemar’s tests, and thematic analyses were used to examine data.Results116 clinicians, 50 informal caregivers, and 52 beneficiaries consented. Socio-demographic characteristics of participants were as expected. Clinician knowledge and satisfaction were high. Caregiver self-efficacy increased significantly from pre- to post-intervention, and feasibility, acceptability, and usability mean scores ranged between 8 and 9 on a 0–10 scale throughout intervention period. There were no significant changes in beneficiary outcomes over the 5-month time period.ConclusionsEngaging informal caregivers to assist with providing an established intervention to those with dementia was successful.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03634033; date registered August 16, 2018. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03634033
High-frequency ultrasound in patients with seronegative rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Wang Junkui , Wang Miao , Qi Qinghua , Wu Zhibin , Wen Jianguo 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the value of high-frequency ultrasound (HFUS) in differentiation of the seronegative rheumatoid arthritis (SNRA) and osteoarthritis (OA) and in the diagnosis of SNRA. 83 patients diagnosed with SNRA (SNRA group) and 40 diagnosed with OA (OA group) who received HFUS were retrospectively analyzed. The grayscale (GS) scores, power Doppler (PD) scores, and bone erosion (BE)scores were recorded, and added up to calculate the total scores of US variables. The correlations of the total scores of US variables with the 28-joint disease activity score (DAS28), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were analyzed. The diagnostic efficacy of the total scores of US variables for SNRA was assessed. In the SNRA group, the detection rate of abnormal US findings in the joints and tendons by GS and PD as well as BE was higher than those in the OA group. There were significant differences between the two groups in GS scores and PD scores of joints and tendons, and BE scores of joints (P < 0.05). In the SNRA group, the total scores of most US variables were positively correlated with CRP, ESR, and DAS28 (P < 0.05), while such correlations were not observed in the OA group (P > 0.05). Among different US variables, the diagnostic value of total PD scores of the joints was the highest for SNRA. HFUS could be used to differentiate SNRA from OA and make a diagnosis of SNRA based on joint and tendon synovial sheath assessment.
Elaboration and characterization of earth-sand adobe bricks reinforced by Alfa fibers
Authors: Sadouri Reda , Benyoucef Mustafa , Cherradi Youssef 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The main aim of this work is to investigate the effect of Alfa fiber length and quantities on linear shrinkage, mechanical strength, and failure manner of the reinforced material as compared to the unreinforced mix, by the incorporation of Alfa fibers in earth-sand building material. The earth-based composite consisted of a mixture of earth 60 wt% and sand 40 wt% reinforced with various lengths and rates of fibers extracted from the Alfa plant. First, fibers' tensile strength and water absorption were evaluated to understand their behavior. Moreover, tests have been conducted on prismatic specimens 40x40x160 mm3 with different cutting lengths (1, 2, and 3 cm). These fibers were added to soil at various weight ratios (1%, 1.5%, and 2%). The results have indicated that the incorporation of 2%wt of fibers reduced the unit weight from 1849 kg/m3 to 1632 kg/m3, which results in a slight material. The experimental investigation has shown also that the unreinforced adobe specimens had a high linear shrinkage rate and low mechanical behavior compared to fibrous samples. Specially, specimens with a higher fiber content of 2%wt of 3 cm length were revealed to be the most suitable in terms of mechanical behavior. Moreover, fibers prevent and delay crack propagation, where fiber length and content play a principal role in crack attenuating. Despite the improvement of mechanical properties, the microstructural observation of the reinforced composite shows poor fiber/matrix adhesion, which affects negatively the compactness of the adobe specimens.
Impact of Assuming a Circular Orifice on Flow Error Through Elliptical Regurgitant Orifices: Computational Fluid Dynamics and in Vitro Analysis of Proximal Flow Convergence
Authors: Lee Jeesoo , Mitter Sumeet S. , Assche Lowie Van , Huh Hyungkyu , Wagner Gregory J. , Wu Erik , Barker Alex J. , Markl Michael , Thomas James D. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
PurposeGrounded in hydrodynamic theory, proximal isovelocity surface area (PISA) is a simplistic and practical technique widely used to quantify valvular regurgitation flow. PISA provides a relatively reasonable, though slightly underestimated flow rate for circular orifices. However, for elliptical orifices frequently seen in functional mitral regurgitation, PISA underestimates the flow rate. Based on data obtained with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and in vitro experiments using systematically varied orifice parameters, we hypothesized that flow rate underestimation for elliptical orifices by PISA is predictable and within a clinically acceptable range.MethodsWe performed 45 CFD simulations with varying orifice areas 0.1, 0.3 and 0.5 cm2, orifice aspect ratios 1:1, 2:1, 3:1, 5:1, and 10:1, and peak velocities (Vmax) 400, 500 and 600 cm/s. The ratio of computed effective regurgitant orifice area to true effective area (EROAC/EROA) against the ratio of aliasing velocity to peak velocity (VA/Vmax) was analyzed for orifice shape impact. Validation was conducted with in vitro imaging in round and 3:1 elliptical orifices.ResultsPlotting EROAC/EROA against VA/Vmax revealed marginal flow underestimation with 2:1 and 3:1 elliptical axis ratios against a circular orifice (<10% for 8% VA/Vmax), rising to ≤35% for 10:1 ratio. In vitro modeling confirmed CFD findings; there was a 8.3% elliptical EROA underestimation compared to the circular orifice estimate.ConclusionPISA quantification for regurgitant flow through elliptical orifices produces predictable, but generally small, underestimation deemed clinically acceptable for most regurgitant orifices.
Opportunistic Networks: An Empirical Research of Routing Protocols and Mobility Models
Authors: Ahmad Khaleel , Fathima Muneera , Hossen Md. Sharif , Alduailij Mona , Alduailij Mai 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Opportunistic Networks (OppNets) are a sub-part of DTN but are quite different from DTN. OppNets do not need any end to end path between the nodes, as they forward the message in the store-carry-forward method. Due to the absence of an end to end path, nodes forwarding messages may face a delay. The nodes have zero or partial information about its neighboring node due to which uncertainty arises. OppNets are infrastructure-less networks, so they can be implemented in such situation where human reach is not possible. Due to these features, they have gained much interest in researches. OppNets work well when designed in an efficient manner. The two parameters to design a good OppNet are Mobility Model and Routing Protocols. Mobility models define the pattern of movement of the nodes and the routing protocols define the best, shortest, and efficient path so that a node can reach its destination in the least time possible. Proper selection of the mobility model and routing protocol is crucial in designing an efficient routing protocol. There have been many mobility models and routing protocols defined till date, and this paper has designed and identified the efficient models.
Urinary microbiota shift is associated with a decline in renal function in the aging kidney
Authors: Yonglin Wu , Miaomiao Pan , Zheng Zou , Xingyu Rong , Hao Yang , Zhenming Xiao , Huijing Wang , Tao Liu , Wu Huang , Meifang Shi , Zhao Chao 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
The kidney is an important organ for maintaining homeostasis. Kidney-specific senescence plays an important role in aging; however, the mechanism underlying this process is still unclear. We conducted an analysis of renal function impairment in a group of healthy volunteers with a wide range of ages. The aims of this study were to investigate the age profile of kidney-specific aging, the characteristics of symbiotic microorganisms in urine and the aging mechanism related to these microorganisms.
Results
A total of 3342 adults aged 20 to 104 were included in the study. Serum creatinine, urea nitrogen, and glomerular filtration rate were evaluated by blood biochemical analysis to determine a typical age range of 50–65 years for abrupt changes in renal function. Urinary microbiota 16S rDNA sequencing was performed on 74 subjects from a distribution based on quartiles of renal function among cohort members in the age range of 50–65 years. Analysis of the sequencing results revealed significant differences between the flora in males and females, and significant changes in urinary flora with renal aging. Correlation analysis combined with clinical indicators revealed that the dominant microbiota in female subjects in the quartile of poorest renal function was closely associated with altered electrolyte metabolism, inflammatory activation and positive balance of energy metabolism during renal aging. In particular, our analysis suggests that Streptococcus plays an important role.
Conclusions
The age at which early impairment of renal function occurs was confirmed and a multidimensional analysis revealed that changes in urinary commensal bacteria, especially Streptococcus, are closely associated with renal aging.
Three-round learning strategy based on 3D Deep Convolutional GANs for Alzheimer’s disease staging
Authors: Kang Wenjie , Lin Lan , Sun Shen , Zhang Baiwen , Shen Xiaoqi , Wu Shuicai 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The accurate diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and its early stage is essential for early dementia detection and treatment planning. For 2D Convolutional neural networks (CNNs), the networks pre-trained on ImageNet always outperformed the models trained from scratch. 3D CNN is easily to lead to an overfitting problem due to the lack of 3D neuroimage datasets. To alleviate the overfitting caused by small to medium-sized datasets, a three-round learning strategy based on 3D Deep Convolutional Generative Adversarial Networks (DCGAN) is used for staging the spectrum of AD. In the first round, the common features of sMRI were trained in the context of 3D DCGAN by unsupervised learning. In the second round, the pre-trained discriminator (D) of the DCGAN with residual architecture was transferred and fine-tuned for the classification task between AD and cognitive normal (CN). In the last round of the transfer learning approach, the weights learned in the AD versus CN classification task were transferred to MCI diagnosis. The proposed model attained accuracies of 92.8 %, 78.1 %, and 76.4 % in the classification of AD versus CN, AD versus MCI, and MCI versus CN, respectively. The experimental results demonstrate that our proposed model has a good classification performance on staging the AD spectrum with small to medium-sized datasets, compared with other state-of-the-art studies.
Sulfurimonas aquatica sp. nov., a sulfur-oxidizing bacterium isolated from water of a brackish lake
Authors: Kojima Hisaya , Kato Yukako , Watanabe Tomohiro , Fukui Manabu 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
A novel chemolithoautotrophic bacterium, strain H1576T, was isolated from water of a brackish lake. Strain H1576T grew aerobically on inorganic sulfur compounds. Hydrogen gas did not support autotrophic growth, and heterotrophic growth was not observed. Cells were rod-shaped, motile, 1.5–2.7 µm in length and 0.6–0.7 µm in width. Growth was observed at 3–22°C with an optimum growth temperature of 13–15°C. The pH range for growth was 6.0–7.4 with an optimum pH of 6.6–6.8. Major fatty acids were summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c). The complete genome of strain H1576T consists of a circular chromosome and a plasmid, with total length of 2.8 Mbp and G + C content of 46.4 mol%. Phylogenetic analyses indicated that strain H1576T belongs to the genus Sulfurimonas but distinct from representatives of existing species. On the basis of genomic and phenotypic characteristics, a new species named Sulfurimonas aquatica sp. nov. is proposed with the type strain of strain H1576T (= BCRC 81254T = JCM 35004T).
The 3D-trabecular architecture of cervical vertebra
Authors: Gay Max , Müller-Gerbl Magdalena 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The successful integration of orthopedic implants can rely on site-specific placement. In this study, we determined compartment-specific trabecular architecture in the cervical vertebra. We examined the micro-computed tomography scans of seven prospectively healthy C4 vertebrae, evaluated their microstructure parameters (bone volume fraction (BV/TV), bone surface density (BS/BV), trabecular thickness (Tb.Th), trabecular separation (Tb.Sp), trabecular number per volume(Tb.N), connectivity density (Conn.D), structure model index (SMI), and degree of anisotropy (DA)., and compared the trabecular architecture in twelve predefined volumes of interest (VOI); the cranial and caudal 0–10%, 10–15%, and 25–50% in both the ventral and dorsal half. Tb.Sp and Tb.N were the only two parameters that displayed significant differences in averaged values of VOI. Nonetheless, distinct, consistent ventral-dorsal modulations were seen in matched sample ventral-dorsal comparison in the BV/TV, BS/BV, and SMI overall levels, as well as in Tb.Th in the three caudal levels. In a simplification the vertebra was split into ventral-cranial, dorsal-cranial, ventral-caudal, and dorsal-caudal equal quarters. The ventral quarters display higher BV/TV, respectively lower BS/BV and SMI than their sample paired dorsal quarters. The ventral-cranial quarter shows the lowest BV/TV and the highest BS/BV and SMI, describing spacious cancellous bone with rod-like trabeculae. In contrast, the dorsal-caudal quarter exhibits the highest BV/TV and Tb.Th and the lowest BS/BV and SMI, illustrating thicker, denser, and more plate-like trabecula. The dorsal-cranial and ventral-caudal quarters are comparable and represent intermediate characteristics. The dorsal quadrants are "stronger" than their ventral counterparts and caudal quarters are "stronger" than their adjacent cranial segments. This suggests that the strongest part is the caudal dorsal part, and the weakest is the cranial ventral one.
Seismic Performance of RC Bridge After Series of Aftershocks Following a Major Earthquake
Authors: Badal Pradej , Motra Gokarna 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This study aimed to understand the seismic performance of a typical reinforced concrete (RC) bridge considering number of aftershocks following a major earthquake. The primary objectives of this research are to compare the performance of RC bridge comparing mainshock only fragility and mainshock aftershocks sequence fragility and also evaluate the performance after a major earthquake and its aftershocks. Real suite of mainshock aftershock sequences were applied to perform Incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) in a nonlinear model of typical RC bridge in Nepal using Opensees and damage classification was done using Park-Ang damage index. Fragility curves and fragility surfaces were constructed using the probabilistic seismic demand model (PSDM) form IDA analysis. The results shows that there is underestimation of bridge fragility using only mainshock data for computing fragility curves. Also, the expected seismic performance of the bridge after a major earthquake and its aftershocks were computed using fragility surface with the concept of multi-hazard analysis.