bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Optimized Number of Suckers and Use of PGR on Growth, Yield and Quality of Banana (Musa paradisiaca L.) cv. Udhayam
Authors: Purseth Krishnakant , Topno Samir E. , Bahadur Vijay 
Published: October 2022

Aim: Banana (Musa paradisiaca L.) is a member of the family Musaceae and the order Zingiberales which is 2nd most important crop in India after Mango. The plant expands rapidly. A few weeks after planting, it begins to develop suckers, which compete with the parent plant for resources (such as nutrients and water), hence reducing productivity. Therefore, plant growth regulators, in addition to desuckering, are required for proper control of plant development.
Study Design: The experiment comprised of 10 treatments of different levels of desuckering and IAA replicated thrice in a Randomized Block Design. The main objective of the experiment was to find out the optimized number of suckers and use of PGR on growth, yield & quality as well as to evaluate the economics of various treatments on Banana. IAA levels ranged between 80 and 100 ppm, while desuckering levels ranged between 1 to 3 suckers per plant.
Place and Duration of Study: So, to find out Effect of optimized number of suckers and use of PGR on growth, yield and quality of banana (Musa paradisiaca L.) cv. Udhayam. A field experiment was conducted at the Horticulture Research Farm, Department of Horticulture, Naini Agricultural Institute, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences (SHUATS), Prayagraj, during month August 2021- April 22.
Results: Treatment T4, which consisted of the Mother plant + 1 sucker + IAA (80 ppm) had the best effect on height of mother plant (3.49 m), height of suckers (215.68 cm), number of leaves per plant (11.57), leaf area (32.39 m2), leaf area index (7.34), number of days taken from stalk opening to harvest (120.44 days), total chlorophyll content (SPAD-502 value, 60.05), number of hands per stalk (10.88), number of fingers per hand (14.14), finger length (15.09 cm), finger girth (4.31 cm), stalk weight (22.62 kg), yield (51.27 t/ha), firmness of finger at ripening stage (4.33 kg/cm2), moisture content of finger at ripening stage (78.84 %), total soluble solid (TSS) (16.26° Brix). From the economics point of view, Treatment T4 Mother Plant + 1 sucker + IAA (80 ppm) was found to be most economically viable in terms of gross return (Rs 769050/ha), net return (Rs 611858/ha) and benefit cost ratio (3.89).
Conclusion: According to the present investigation it is concluded that treatment T4 Mother Plant + 1 sucker + IAA (80 ppm) was found most effective in terms of growth, yield and quality of banana (Musa paradisiaca L.) cv. Udhayam.
Evaluation of Secondary Metabolites Profiling of Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) Rhizome using GC-MS and Its Antibacterial Potential on Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli
Authors: Momoh Johnson Oshiobugie , Olaleye Oluremi Nurudeen 
Published: October 2022

Objective: Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) rhizome is a well-known food spice and flavoring ingredient with wide range of medicinal properties. The rhizome of ginger consists of unique secondary metabolites compounds. The study evaluates the secondary metabolites profiling of ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) rhizome using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) and its antibacterial potential on Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli.
Methodology: The GC-MS and phytochemical screening of the aqueous ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) rhizome extract were determined using standard procedures. Antibacterial activities were determined by agar well diffusion methods. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) were determined using standard procedure.
Results: The result of the GC-MS analysis shows that thirty six compounds were identified in the ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) rhizome using GC-MS analysis with tridecane with molecular formula of C13H28 being the most abundant with peak area of 16.94% and retention time of 12.849. The phytochemical screening shows that the plant contains saponins, alkaloids, glycoside, simple phenolics, tannins, flavonoids carbohydrates and reducing sugar. The study shows that at 250 mg/ml, the aqueous ginger extract exhibited little or no response with zone of inhibition of 9.85±0.39 and 8.19±1.33 mg/ml against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli respectively. The extract exhibited weak response antibacterial activity against E. coli and moderate response against S. aureus with zone of inhibition of 13.62±2.03 and 16.73±1.83 at 500 mg/dl respectively. Augmentin showed moderate and strong response with zone of inhibition of 17.23±1.67 and 21.13±1.34 mg/ml against E. coli and S. aureus at concentration of 7.50 mg/ml respectively. At 15 mg/ml, augmentin showed strong response with zone of inhibition of 23.00±2.88 mg/ml against E. coli and potent response with zone of inhibition of 30.50±2.64 mg/ml against S. aureus. The Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values for the aqueous ginger are 125 and 250 mg/ml for S. aureus and E. coli and 7.81 and 15.63 for augmentin solution for the sane organisms respectively.
Conclusions: The aqueous ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) rhizome contains secondary metabolites and possesses poor antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli and may prevent pathogenic diseases caused by these organisms.
Association Between Preexisting Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction and Fluid Administration Among Patients With Sepsis
Authors: Powell Rachel E. , Kennedy Jason N. , Senussi Mourad H. , Barbash Ian J. , Seymour Christopher W. 
Published: October 2022

ImportanceIntravenous fluid administration is recommended to improve outcomes for patients with septic shock. However, there are few data on fluid administration for patients with preexisting heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF).ObjectiveTo evaluate the association between preexisting HFrEF, guideline-recommended intravenous fluid resuscitation, and mortality among patients with community-acquired sepsis and septic shock.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsA cohort study was conducted of adult patients hospitalized in an integrated health care system from January 1, 2013, to December 31, 2015, with community-acquired sepsis and preexisting assessment of cardiac function. Follow-up occurred through July 1, 2016. Data analyses were performed from November 1, 2020, to August 8, 2022.ExposuresPreexisting heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (≤40%) measured by transthoracic echocardiogram within 1 year prior to hospitalization for sepsis.Main Outcomes and MeasuresMultivariable models were adjusted for patient factors and sepsis severity and clustered at the hospital level to generate adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% CIs. The primary outcome was the administration of 30 mL/kg of intravenous fluid within 6 hours of sepsis onset. Secondary outcomes included in-hospital mortality, intensive care unit admission, rate of invasive mechanical ventilation, and administration of vasoactive medications.ResultsOf 5278 patients with sepsis (2673 men [51%]; median age, 70 years [IQR, 60-81 years]; 4349 White patients [82%]; median Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score, 4 [IQR, 3-5]), 884 (17%) had preexisting HFrEF, and 2291 (43%) met criteria for septic shock. Patients with septic shock and HFrEF were less likely to receive guideline-recommended intravenous fluid than those with septic shock without HFrEF (96 of 380 [25%] vs 699 of 1911 [37%]; P &amp;lt; .001), but in-hospital mortality was similar (47 of 380 [12%] vs 244 of 1911 [13%]; P = .83). In multivariable models, HFrEF was associated with a decreased risk-adjusted odds of receiving 30 mL/kg of intravenous fluid within the first 6 hours of sepsis onset (aOR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.47-0.85; P = .002). The risk-adjusted mortality was not significantly different among patients with HFrEF (aOR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.69-1.24; P = .59) compared with those without, and there was no interaction with intravenous fluid volume (aOR, 1.00; 95% CI, 0.98-1.03; P = .72).Conclusions and RelevanceThe results of this cohort study of patients with community-acquired septic shock suggest that preexisting HFrEF was common and was associated with reduced odds of receiving guideline-recommended intravenous fluids.
Thinking disposition, thinking style, and susceptibility to causal illusion predict fake news discriminability
Authors: Saltor Joan , Barberia Itxaso , Rodríguez‐Ferreiro Javier 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAcceptance of fake news is probably modulated by an intricate interplay of social, cultural, and political factors. In this study, we investigated whether individual‐level cognitive factors related to thinking and decision making could influence the tendency to accept fake news. A group of volunteers responded to a COVID19‐related fake news discrimination scale as well as to questionnaires assessing their thinking style (reflective vs. intuitive) and thinking disposition (actively open‐mindedness). Furthermore, they completed a computerized contingency learning task aimed at measuring their tendency to develop a causal illusion, a cognitive bias leading to perceive causal connections between non‐contingent events. More actively open‐minded and more reflective individuals presented higher fake news discrimination scores. In addition, those who developed weaker causal illusions in the contingency learning task were also more accurate at differentiating between fake and legitimate news. Actively open‐minded thinking was the main contributor in a regression model predicting fake news discrimination.
Prediction Models to Estimate the Future Risk of Osteoarthritis in the General Population: A Systematic Review
Authors: Appleyard Tom , Thomas Martin J. , Antcliff Deborah , Peat George 
Published: October 2022

ObjectiveTo evaluate the performance and applicability of multivariable prediction models for osteoarthritis (OA).MethodsThis was a systematic review and narrative synthesis using 3 databases (EMBASE, PubMed, and Web of Science) from inception to December 2021. We included general population longitudinal studies reporting derivation, comparison, or validation of multivariable models to predict individual risk of OA incidence, defined by recognized clinical or imaging criteria. We excluded studies reporting prevalent OA and joint arthroplasty outcome. Paired reviewers independently performed article selection, data extraction, and risk‐of‐bias assessment. Model performance, calibration, and retained predictors were summarized.ResultsA total of 26 studies were included, reporting 31 final multivariable prediction models for incident knee (23), hip (4), hand (3) and any‐site OA (1), with a median of 121.5 (range 27–12,803) outcome events, a median prediction horizon of 8 years (range 2–41), and a median of 6 predictors (range 3–24). Age, body mass index, previous injury, and occupational exposures were among the most commonly included predictors. Model discrimination after validation was generally acceptable to excellent (area under the curve = 0.70–0.85). Either internal or external validation processes were used in most models, although the risk of bias was often judged to be high with limited applicability to mass application in diverse populations.ConclusionDespite growing interest in multivariable prediction models for incident OA, focus remains predominantly on the knee, with reliance on data from a small pool of appropriate cohort data sets, and concerns over general population applicability.
From Heterostructures to Solid‐Solutions: Structural Tunability in Mixed Halide Perovskites
Authors: Shin Donghoon , Lai Minliang , Shin Yongjin , Du Jingshan S. , Jibril Liban , Rondinelli James M. , Mirkin Chad A. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe stability, reliability, and performance of halide‐perovskite‐based devices depend upon the structure, composition, and particle size of the device‐enabling materials. Indeed, the degree of ion mixing in multicomponent perovskite crystals, although challenging to control, is a key factor in determining properties. Herein, an emerging method termed evaporation–crystallization polymer pen lithography is used to synthesize and systematically study the degree of ionic mixing of Cs0.5FA0.5PbX3 (FA = formamidinium; X = halide anion, ABX3) crystals, as a function of size, temperature, and composition. These experiments have led to the discovery of a heterostructure morphology where the A‐site cations, Cs and FA, are segregated into the core and edge layers, respectively. Simulation and experimental results indicate that the heterostructures form as a consequence of a combination of both differences in solubility of the two ions in solution and the enthalpic preference for Cs–FA ion segregation. This preference for segregation can be overcome to form a solid‐solution by decreasing crystal size (<60 nm) or increasing temperature. Finally, these tools are utilized to identify and synthesize solid‐solution nanocrystals of Cs0.5FA0.5Pb(Br/I)3 that significantly suppress photoinduced anion migration compared to their bulk counterparts, offering a route to deliberately designed photostable optoelectronic materials.
Inkjet‐Printed, Coplanar Electrolyte‐Gated Organic Field‐Effect Transistors on Flexible Substrates: Fabrication, Modeling, and Applications in Biodetection
Authors: Chennit Khalil , Delavari Najmeh , Mekhmoukhen Samia , Boukraa Rassen , Fillaud Laure , Zrig Samia , Battaglini Nicolas , Piro Benoît , Noël Vincent , Zozoulenko Igor , Mattana Giorgio 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe first example of inkjet‐printed, electrolyte‐gated organic field‐effect transistors, fabricated on flexible polyimide substrates is presented. The interdigitated source and drain electrodes, and the coplanar gate electrodes, are inkjet‐printed using a homemade gold nanoparticle ink. A semiconducting ink based on the p‐type, organic semiconductor poly[2,5‐(2‐octyldodecyl)‐3,6‐diketopyrrolopyrrole‐alt‐5,5‐(2,5‐di(thien‐2‐yl)thieno [3,2‐b] thiophene)] (DPP‐DTT) is formulated and inkjet‐printed onto the channel. The performances of inkjet‐printed, coplanar devices are compared to those of transistors whose gate electrode consists in a metallic wire inserted in the electrolyte. Printed transistors show excellent electrical properties with field‐effect mobility as high as 0.04 cm2 V−1 s−1. The electrical behavior of inkjet‐printed, coplanar devices is also modeled using the Nernst–Planck–Poisson (NPP) equations, where the output and transfer curves are calculated based on the charge and potential distribution inside the device. Good quantitative agreement between the simulation and experiments is achieved, outlining the attainable use of NPP simulations as predictive tools for device design and optimization. To demonstrate an example of application, printed transistors are functionalized for the detection of complementary DNA strands. This study opens an avenue for the next generation of low‐cost, flexible sensors and circuits, both through experimental studies and device modeling.
Flexible and Wearable Optical System Based on U‐Shaped Cascaded Microfiber Interferometer
Authors: Mishra Pratik , Kumar Hemant , Sahu Subrat , Jha Rajan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractFuture wearable devices for health monitoring, robotics, and ultraprecise industrial positioning necessitate flexible optical systems. Here, an optical microfiber interferometer‐based wearable system is demonstrated with wavelength interrogation that overcomes the limits of commonly reported electrical, optical, and material‐based flexible devices. The microfiber in a finely tuned configuration is enclosed in polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) thin film to provide a means of controlling interference between fundamental and higher‐order modes. Using this approach, it is possible to create a simple, adaptable, and cost‐effective optical device with a direction recognizable bending sensitivity of up to 1.01 nm per degree, and remarkable temperature sensitivity of −3.07 nm °C−1. The ultrahigh sensitivity, mechanical robustness, and outstanding flexible and biocompatible nature make this sensor system a leading candidate for wearable medical devices for elder‐care facilities, physiological monitoring, athletic training, and rehabilitation programs.
Materials and Biomedical Applications of Implantable Electronic Devices
Authors: Liu Yiqun , Yu Qi , Yang Li , Cui Yue 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe implantable electronic devices have attracted great attention for solving clinical problems ranging from monitoring psychological states to electro‐organ transplantation. The ongoing challenges are the selection of suitable materials in a target device configuration for biomedical applications. To address the ongoing challenges, there are several interesting questions: what types of electronic materials can be used as the implantable electrodes? What types of materials can be used as the substrates for the implantable electronic devices? What types of materials can be used as membranes and encapsulations? What types of device configurations are there for implantable biomedical applications? What types of applications are for implantable electronic devices? This review will highlight the attempts for addressing these questions. This review will explore the fundamentals and practical aspects of a variety of materials and their biomedical applications in implantable electronic devices. It is anticipated that this review could provide new opportunities for the construction of future implantable electronic devices, as well as related applications for disease diagnosis and therapy.
Unraveling the Evolution of Luminescence Center in an Eu‐Doped Orthophosphate: Beyond the Probe Limitation to Trace Activator
Authors: Cao Yaxin , Wang Xicheng , Wang Jian‐Tao , Seto Takatoshi , Wang Yuhua 
Published: October 2022

AbstractTo precisely tune the performance of phosphors, a proper understanding of the luminescence center is necessary. However, precisely probing into the luminescence center is still challenging. In this study, the luminescence center and the evolution are revealed in Eu3+‐doped Li4Zn(PO4)2 (LZP:Eu) depending on the activator in as low as trace amounts: Eu3+ ions evolve from the LZP lattice to hardly measurable EuPO4 impurities. By utilizing the spectroscopic probe effect of Eu3+ ion with multiscale characterizations, pressure‐induced spectral behavior, and ab initio calculations, the luminescence origin, local environment, and nanostructure evolution are fully deciphered. The contribution of the two luminescence centers during the evolution process is deeply elucidated by steady spectra and decay kinetics analysis. This study provides a broader understanding of the luminescence center from micro‐ to macro‐length, which would be beneficial for the design and modulation of luminescent materials.
Turbo‐Synergistic Oily Wastewater Remediation in Bio‐Inspired Cone Array Barrel
Authors: Wang Bing , Luo Xianfeng , Feng Yawei , Yang Linfeng , Zhang Chunhui , Dong Zhichao , Jiang Lei , Dai Haoyu 
Published: October 2022

AbstractOily wastewater discharge causes not only the pollution of environment but also the waste of resources. Existing technologies for wastewater remediation, such as membrane and particle methods, are variable and effective, but are difficult for achieving continuous and rapid oil–water separation. Here, with the synergy of turbo stirring, a strategy for emulsion separation is demonstrated based on the bio‐inspired cone array barrel. Under the centrifugal force, oil droplets in emulsion are thrown onto the cones arrayed on inner wall due to the Coriolis effect, captured by microstructures on cone surface and then penetrate out through the superhydrophobic pores, while only the remediated water remains. The separation technique maintains a high efficiency of above 99.5% for over 30 times of use, as well as for emulsions with variable ingredients. This structure‐dynamics synergistic separation strategy evolves the future technologies on water purification in industrial and daily processes.
TiO2/FePS3 S‐Scheme Heterojunction for Greatly Raised Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Xia Bingquan , He Bowen , Zhang Jianjun , Li Laiquan , Zhang Yanzhao , Yu Jiaguo , Ran Jingrun , Qiao Shi‐Zhang 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe aggravating extreme climate changes and natural disasters stimulate the exploration of low‐carbon/zero‐carbon alternatives to traditional carbon‐based fossil fuels. Solar‐to‐hydrogen (STH) transformation is considered as appealing route to convert renewable solar energy into carbon‐free hydrogen. Restricted by the low efficiency and high cost of noble metal cocatalysts, high‐performance and cost‐effective photocatalysts are required to realize the realistic STH transformation. Herein, the 2D FePS3 (FPS) nanosheets anchored with TiO2 nanoparticles (TiO2/FePS3) are synthesized and tested for the photocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction. With the integration of FPS, the photocatalytic H2‐evolution rate on TiO2/FePS3 is radically increased by ≈1686%, much faster than that of TiO2 alone. The origin of the greatly raised activity is revealed by theoretical calculations and various advanced characterizations, such as transient‐state photoluminescence spectroscopy/surface photovoltage spectroscopy, in situ atomic force microscopy combined with Kelvin probe force microscopy (AFM‐KPFM), in situ X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and synchrotron‐based X‐ray absorption near edge structure. Especially, the in situ AFM‐KPFM and in situ XPS together confirm the electron transport pathway in TiO2/FePS3 with light illumination, unveiling the efficient separation/transfer of charge carrier in TiO2/FePS3 step‐scheme heterojunction. This work sheds light on designing and fabricating novel 2D material‐based S‐scheme heterojunctions in photocatalysis.
Ligand‐Substitution Chemistry Enabling Wide‐Voltage Aqueous Hybrid Electrolyte for Ultrafast‐Charging Batteries
Authors: Zhao Xiliang , Yan Jiawei , Hong Hu , Zhao Yuwei , Li Qing , Tang Yongchao , He Jiafeng , Wei Zhiquan , He Shenggong , Hou Xianhua , Zhi Chunyi , Li Hongfei 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe further development of sodium‐zinc hybrid batteries (SZBs) is seriously impeded by the narrow electrochemical stability window (ESW) of aqueous electrolytes. Exploring appropriate electrolytes with both wide ESW and high ionic conductivity is of great importance to achieve high‐performance SZBs yet remain challenging. Here, a rationally designed Na+/Zn2+ hybrid electrolyte is developed via a ligand‐substitution strategy, which effectively extends the ESW up to 2.9 V and combines with high ionic conductivity of 19.6 mS cm−1. The ligand exchange process reconfigures the cation solvation structure and optimizes the carrier mobility environment. Furthermore, Na+/Zn2+ hybrid cells are assembled by pairing Zn anode with two different kinds of sodium superionic conductor (NASICON) type cathodes, achieving a promising rate performance and long cycle life (3 A g−1 over 1000 cycles). Meanwhile, the high electrochemical reactivity of water molecules promotes the formation of the high‐quality NaF/ZnF2‐rich cathode electrolyte interphases, inhibiting the uncontrolled decomposition of the electrolyte on the cathode interface. This work provides guidance for designing aqueous hybrid electrolytes with wide ESW and high carrier mobility.
N‐Heterocyclic carbene‐catalyzed Atroposelective Annulation for Access to Pyrrolo[3,4‐b]pyridines Derivatives with C−N Axial Chirality
Authors: Li Yanting , Duan Xiao‐Yong , Wei Yamei , Li Jiahan , Ren Xiaojie , Qi Jing 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAn N‐heterocyclic carbene (NHC) catalyzed atroposelective [3+3] annulation of enals with α‐aminomaleimides is developed. In this strategy, a series of atropisomeric pyrrolo[3,4‐b]pyridine bearing various substituents and substitution patterns are generated in good yields with excellent enantioselectivities.