bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing future climate trends and their impact on different fractured rock aquifers in Northern Togo
Authors: Akara Mahawa-Essa Mabossani , Reeves Donald M. , Gnazou Masamaéya Dadja-Toyou , Boguido Goumpoukini 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Water resources in the West African Sudan Savannah are concentrated in fractured crystalline and sedimentary rock aquifers. Due to their low storage, these aquifers are vulnerable to changes in climate. This study assesses future temperature and precipitation trends in the Koumfab watershed of northern Togo. The impact of these future climate trends on surface water and the two types of fractured rock aquifers is also investigated. A fully integrated hydrologic model of the Koumfab watershed in Northern Togo is used to study the impact of climate change on water resources. Bias-corrected temperature and precipitation from four regional climate models (RCMs) and two greenhouse emissions scenarios are used as climate forcings for the integrated model. Climate projections from the four RCMs indicate a rise (1.4 −5.5 °C) in average temperature, from the control (1971–2000) to the future period (2031–2060). Projected precipitation follows two contrasting trends with some RCMs predicting an increase (by up to 14%) in mean annual precipitation, while others predict a decline (by up to −14%). These changes in precipitation and temperature will have a noticeable effect on groundwater levels and stream flow. The hydrologic model indicates a decline in groundwater levels for all future climate projections by 1.4−5.7 m. The decline in groundwater levels is not uniformly distributed in the two types of aquifers. The decline in the fractured sandstone aquifer will be four times greater than that of the fractured granodiorite/migmatite aquifer. Projected stream flow at the watershed outlet shows increasing (59 -332%) and decreasing trends (−39 −100%).
Disadvantages of sowing methods on soil water content root distribution and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in the Loess Plateau of South Shanxi, China
Authors: Noor Hafeez , Min Sun , Bin Lei , Gao Zhi-Qiang 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a staple crop worldwide and yield improvement since the green revolution was attributed to chemical nitrogen (N) fertilizer application. The field experiment was performed from 2016 to 2020 in the eastern part of Loess Plateau, China, to study the effect of two sowing practices carried out before summer fallow, i.e., wide-space sowing (WS) and drill sowing (DS). The results indicated the soil water content, root length surface density (RLSD), at anthesis by drought was 44% under WS and 29% with DS, while the reduction in above-ground dry weight was 67% under WS and 56% under DS. More soil water was depleted from the deep soil layer (80–100 cm depth) than that in the shallow layer (20–60 cm depth). The average contribution rates of soil water content at sowing to grain yield under DS were 23–25%. Thus, drill sowing in summer fallow should be adopted for high water storage and yield stability.
Phosphate adsorption improvement using a novel adsorbent by CaFe/LDH supported onto CO2 activated biochar
Authors: Missau Juliano , Rodrigues Marco Antonio S. , Bertuol Daniel Assumpção , Tanabe Eduardo Hiromitsu 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
It is imperative to remove phosphate from the aquatic system. This nutrient in excess can cause environmental problems such as eutrophication. Therefore, aiming to enhance phosphate removal, this work presents a novel adsorbent developed from the construction of Ca2+/Fe3+ layer double hydroxides (CaFe/LDH) supported onto biochar physically activated with CO2 [CaFe/biochar (CO2)]. Pristine biochar was produced from the pyrolysis of Eucalyptus saligna sawdust, activated with CO2, and then impregnated with CaFe/LDH. The CaFe/biochar (CO2) was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET). The characterization confirmed a proper synthesis of the new adsorbent. Experiments were conducted in the form of batch adsorption. Results indicated that the optimum pH and adsorbent dosage were 2.15 and 0.92 g L−1, respectively. Adsorption kinetics, isotherms, and thermodynamics were also evaluated. Adsorption kinetics and isotherms were better fitted by the pseudo n order and Freundlich models, respectively. Results also indicated a better adsorption capacity (99.55 mg·g−1) at 55 °C. The thermodynamic indicators depicted that the adsorption process was favorable, spontaneous, and endothermic. Overall, CaFe/biochar (CO2) could be potentially applied for the adsorptive removal of phosphate from an aqueous solution.
Analysis of Unsatisfactory Consequences of Erysipelas Treatment
Authors: Shapoval Serhii , Vasylevska Larysa 
Published: October 2022

Goal. Find out the cause of unsatisfactory treatment outcomes in patients with destructive forms of erysipelas in the general population.
Materials and methods. Retrospectively and prospectively analyzed 284 case histories of patients who were hospitalized in the center of purulent - septic surgery KNP "City Hospital G3" Zaporozhye for the period 2016-2022.
Results. It was found that most often the local focus was localized on the upper and lower extremities. The most common clinical manifestations of intoxication in bullous and phlegmonous forms of erysipelas were: general weakness, hyperthermia, muscle pain. In the necrotic form of erysipelas, patients showed signs of severe intoxication with nausea, vomiting and confusion. In the complex treatment of patients with erysipelas, the main place belongs to the early surgical treatment of the area of ​​the pathological process and antibiotic therapy (ABT). Determination of serum procalcitonin allows to assess the progression and generalization of the process and is a sensitive test for the effectiveness of treatment.
Conclusions. Radical surgery and timely targeted ABT are key elements of success in the treatment of surgical forms of erysipelas and are not subject to revision. The main causes of unsatisfactory consequences in patients with erysipelas are: aggravation of the disease at the time of hospitalization by septic shock and multiple organ failure, severe decompensated comorbidities. Procalcitonin is a diagnostic marker that can predict the development of sepsis.
Key words: erysipelas, unsatisfactory treatment consequences, procalcitonin.
Nearest and Long-Term Results of Surgical Treatment of Acute Varicothrombophlebitis
Authors: Hadzheha Ivan 
Published: October 2022

Introduction. Acute varicothrombophlebitis is one of the most common and dangerous complications of varicose veins of the lower extremities, as it is a common cause of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. It develops in 30-60% of patients with varicose veins.
Methods. The evaluation of early and long-term results of surgical treatment of acute varicothrombophlebitis in 234 patients with acute varicothrombophlebitis in the basin of the great saphenous vein was performed.
Results. Depending on the prevalence of thrombotic process in the basin of the great saphenous vein, patients were divided into the following groups: Group I – inflow varicothrombophlebitis (n = 23 (9.8%); Group II – varicothrombophlebitis of the shin (n = 51 (21.8%); Group III – varicothrombophlebitis of the thigh (n = 21 (9.0%); Group IV – total varicothrombophlebitis (n = 27 (11.6%); Group V – ascending varicothrombophlebitis (n = 67 (28.6%); VI group – transfascial thrombosis (n = 45 (19.2%).
Conclusions. Surgical treatment of acute varicothrombophlebitis of the lower extremities according to the cumulative analysis allowed to achieve a positive treatment result in 94.5% of patients. Recurrence of thrombosis in the early and distant postoperative period was observed in 0.5% and 2.2%, respectively.
The Role of Adrenoreceptors and Calcium Ions in the Pathogenesis of Endocardium Endothelium Damage of Rats Under Stress Action on the Background of Hypercholesterolemia
Authors: Luchko Ihor , Huranych Tetyana , Dubkovetska Iryna , Storozhuk Leonid 
Published: October 2022

Abstract. Topicality. Endothelial dysfunction is a key link in the pathogenesis, formation and progression of clinical manifestations of a significant number of cardiovascular system diseases. Some pathogenetic links and structures associated with morphofunctional disorders of cardiac endothelial cells under the stress conditions and its combination with hypercholesterolemia need further examination.
The aim of the study was to investigate the role of adrenoreceptors and calcium ions (by using of adrenoreceptors and Ca2+-channels blockers) in the pathogenesis of endocardium endothelium damage (by the content of free fatty acids in it and the number of exfoliated cells) as a result of emotional and pain stress action and its influence on the background of hypercholesterolemia.
Materials and methods of research. An electro-pulse model was used for stress reproduction. The alimentary hypercholesterolemia was simulated by keeping animals on an atherogenic diet during 2 months. To establish the role of the above-mentioned cellular structures in the mechanisms of endothelial cell damage, the following pharmacological drugs were administered to animals: β-adrenoblocker, α-adrenoblocker and Ca2+-channel blocker. The endocardium endothelium state was studied by using light microscopy, by analyzing the smears-imprints from macropreparations of ventricles by counting the number of endothelial cells in them. The content of free fatty acids was determined by radiochemical method.
Research results. It has been shown that β-adrenoblocker and Ca2+-channel blocker significantly limit the damage of endocardium endothelium of left ventricle under the action of emotional and pain stress, and to a much lesser extent, the same effect has α-adrenoblocker. The protective effect of mentioned preparations under the action of stressor factor against the background of alimentary hypercholesterolemia significantly decreases.
Conclusions. The obtained data, their analysis and comparison with the results of other experimental and clinical studies allow to make certain conclusions about the pathogenesis of endothelial dysfunction under emotional stress, as well as under conditions of its combination with hypercholesterolemia. In particular, an important link in the development of structural and some biochemical changes of endocardial endothelial cells is the toxic effect of catecholamines, which affect the organism’s functional systems mainly by β-adrenoreceptors (involving Ca2+ ions), to a lesser extent – by α-adrenoreceptors.
Key words: endocardium, stress, hypercholesterolemia, adrenoreceptors, calcium.
Performance y ciudadanía
Authors: Chamorro Andrea 
Published: October 2022

In the northernmost parts of Chile, assimilation policies that defined indigenous populations as "foreign" and racially non-white characterized the construction of the Chilean nation-state. Despite discrimination and stigmatization, the Aymara people have maintained festive-ritual ties to their native territories in the Andes and modernized their festivals, ceremonies, dances, and music in urban settings. Considering the practices, views and emotions of the Aymara dancers and their descendants, I suggest that the performances at the Andean Carnival Inti Ch'amampi, Con La Fuerza del Sol in Arica – a city in the Arica and Parinacota Region of Chile – embody the practices and experiences of a people that problematizes their historical alterity from the Chilean nation and the schema of social, historical and political representation imposed upon them under the logic of legal citizenship. As such, the performances are political strategies to intervene and dialogue with public space and position embodied memories and knowledge to outline a landscape that becomes multiple.
Early-Onset Type 2 Diabetes and Mood, Anxiety, and Stress-Related Disorders: A Genetically Informative Register-Based Cohort Study
Authors: Liu Shengxin , Leone Marica , Ludvigsson Jonas F. , Lichtenstein Paul , Gudbjörnsdottir Soffia , Landén Mikael , Bergen Sarah E. , Taylor Mark J. , Larsson Henrik , Kuja-Halkola Ralf , Butwicka Agnieszka 
Published: October 2022

OBJECTIVETo assess the association and familial coaggregation between early-onset type 2 diabetes (diagnosed before age 45 years) and mood, anxiety, and stress-related disorders and estimate the contribution of genetic and environmental factors to their co-occurrence.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSThis population-based cohort study included individuals born in Sweden during 1968–1998, from whom pairs of full siblings, half-siblings, and cousins were identified. Information on diagnoses of early-onset type 2 diabetes and mood (including unipolar depression and bipolar disorder), anxiety, and stress-related disorders was obtained from the National Patient Register. Logistic and Cox regression models were used to assess the phenotypic association and familial coaggregation between type 2 diabetes and psychiatric disorders. Quantitative genetic modeling was conducted in full and maternal half-sibling pairs to estimate the relative contributions of genetic and environmental factors to the association.RESULTSAmong a total of 3,061,192 individuals, 7,896 (0.3%) were diagnosed with early-onset type 2 diabetes. These individuals had higher risks of any diagnosis (odds ratio [OR] 3.62 [95% CI 3.44, 3.80]) and specific diagnosis of unipolar depression (3.97 [3.75, 4.22]), bipolar disorder (4.17 [3.68, 4.73]), anxiety (3.76 [3.54, 3.99]), and stress-related disorders (3.35 [3.11, 3.61]). Relatives of individuals with early-onset type 2 diabetes also had higher overall risks of the examined psychiatric disorders (ORs 1.03–1.57). These associations are largely explained by genetic factors (51–78%), with the rest explained by nonshared environmental factors.CONCLUSIONSOur findings highlight the burden of mood, anxiety, and stress-related disorders in early-onset type 2 diabetes and demonstrate that shared familial liability may contribute to their co-occurrence, suggesting that in the future research investigators should aim to identify shared risk factors and ultimately refine preventive and intervention strategies.
Fatigue Properties of Weakened and Non-weakened Roots Restored with CAD-CAM Milled Fiber Post, Prefabricated Fiber Post, or Cast Metal Post
Authors: Oliveira GR , Machry RV , Cadore-Rodrigues AC , Sarkis-Onofre R , Valandro LF , Bacchi A , Pereira GKR , Spazzin AO 
Published: October 2022

SUMMARY

Statement of problem
Customized glass fiber posts using CAD-CAM technology have been suggested for restoring endodontically treated teeth. However, how weakened or non-weakened roots restored with anatomical CAD-CAM posts behave under cyclic fatigue is not clear.

Objective
To evaluate the load-bearing capacity under fatigue (fatigue failure load [FFL], the number of cycles for failure [CFF], and survival probabilities) and fracture pattern of weakened and non-weakened roots restored with CAD-CAM fiber post and cores, metal cast-post-core, and prefabricated fiber post and resin core.

Methods and Materials
A total of 60 crack-free bovine incisor roots (13 mm in length) with standard geometry were obtained and randomly allocated considering the factor “root condition” in two levels (weakened and non-weakened). Thus, half of the roots were weakened to obtain a wall thickness of 0.5 mm. After that, the endodontic treatment was executed, all roots embedded with acrylic resin and the specimens randomly allocated (n=10) considering the factor “post system” in three levels (CAD-CAM: CAD-CAM milled glass-fiber post and core; MBC: metallic-based post and core; and FRC: prefabricated glass-fiber post and composite resin core). The posts were luted with a dual-cure self-adhesive luting agent. Then, all teeth received a metallic crown. An initial load of 100 N at 20 Hz for 5000 cycles was applied for the step-stress fatigue test, followed by incremental steps of 50 N for 20,000 cycles each step, up to failure. A fracture pattern analysis was performed.

Results
CAD-CAM fiber post (FFL: 865 N; CFF: 311,000 cycles) presented similar fatigue performance (p&gt;0.05) to FRC (FFL: 925 N; CFF: 335,000 cycles), with 100% of repairable fractures for non-weakened roots; however, both groups presented worse performance than MBC (p&lt;0.05; FFL: 1265 N; CFF: 471,000 cycles) which led to 100% of catastrophic failures. No statistical difference was found in fatigue performance among the three systems for weakened roots (p&gt;0.05; FFL: 1035-1170 N; CFF: 379,000-433,000 cycles), with a high rate of catastrophic failures.

Conclusions
CAD-CAM fiber post presented similar fatigue performance to MBC and FRC approaches when restoring weakened roots. CADCAM was similar to FRC when restoring non-weakened roots, while MBC enhanced fatigue properties in this scenario.
Features of the flexor retinaculum and its individual variation in carpal tunnel syndrome predisposition - a systematic review
Authors: Krupa Robert , Suchanecka Małgorzata , Mrożek Andrzej , Siwek Katarzyna 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The flexor retinaculum is a structure located in the wrist, which spreads between the bones forming the carpal tunnel. Its task is to maintain the relative stabilization and protection of incorporated structures. It is also an attachment for the thenar muscles, causing biomechanical interactions in the wrist. Pathologies occurring in the carpal tunnel structures often cause pressure increase, leading to compression of the median nerve, causing carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). This work aims to review literature knowledge and compile research outcomes in the PubMED and Google scholar databases.
The results indicate the variability in size and aspects of flexor retinaculum due to gender, and the relationship between gender and the incidence of CTS. The data also show the flexor retinaculum’s molecular variability and environmental factors’ potential impact on these changes. This article demonstrates how anatomical conditions and physical features influence CTS development.
Study of Shock Wave Development in Cold Flow of Gas Circuit Breaker for Improving Capacitive Current Switching
Authors: Gu Wei , Tian Ruyuan , Guo Zide , Feng Dingyu 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Capacitive current switching performance of SF6 circuit breaker is determined by combined action of gas flow and electric field in interruption chamber. Computational fluid dynamics method is used to study the development of shock waves inside a SF6 circuit breaker under the condition of capacitive current switching. It was found that a shock wave exists and travels with the pin contact during the contact opening. Existence of shock waves reduces the local gas density around contact head, while the contact head is also stressed by high electric field at the same time. If the region of low gas density coincides with the region with high electric strength, local dielectric performance will be significantly reduced. Using E/ρ as the dielectric performance index, when the local value of E/ρ exceeds the gas breakdown criterion, it will result in restrike to the capacitive current switching. The causes of high E/ρ are studied by analyzing the shock waves during the sequential periods of contact travel. Since the gap between the pin contact and nozzle throat strongly affects the strength of shock wave, the behavior of gap is studied with the calculation of E/ρ to find its influence on capacitive current switching.
The Digital Transformation of Legal Industry: Management Challenges and Technological Opportunities
Authors: Mania Karolina 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The impact of technology on individual economic sectors has also reached the service industry. This article offers a discussion on the influence of information technologies (IT) and changes taking place as a result of the legal services market digital transformation.
Thanks to the results of the qualitative study (questionnaire survey a technique of data collection) involving 451 respondents (attorneys and legal counsels) in Poland, it was possible to analyse t lawyers’ attitudes towards particular IT tools and systems as well as the changes taking place in the field of legal services, the business models applied thus far and innovation factors.
The gained knowledge shows the current level of technology use in the daily work of lawyers and their attitude towards changes induced by omnipresent digitalization. The results offer vast opportunities for using the knowledge so acquired at academic and business levels, especially by providers of IT solutions for legal professionals.
Different Impact of the Recession on the Labour Market: Less Work Without Increasing Unemployment in Slovakia
Authors: Morvay Karol , Hudcovský Martin 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The paper examines why the pandemic recession hit the labour market in Slovakia differently from previous recessions. Traditionally, the unemployment rose sharply during previous economic recessions. Therefore, it seemed like a novelty when the unemployment rate rose only insignificantly in a pandemic recession. We find that both the demand and supply side of the labour market played their role in it. Labour demand has been affected differently compared to the past: Instead of the usual sharp increase in unemployment during a recession, the rate of utilization of workers’ time capacities fell, with expected impacts also on income differentiation. This is in line with the way more advanced European economies have responded to recessions before. In addition, a new element was also present on the labour force supply side. In previous recessions, the labour force supply had been rising; in the recent pandemic recession, it fell for the first time.
Assesment of heavy metals concentration in initial soils of post-mining landscapes in Kryvyi Rih District (Ukraine)
Authors: Savosko Vasyl M. , Bielyk Yuliia V. , Lykholat Yuriy V. , Heilmeier Hermann 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Assessment of heavy metals content in the initial soils of the post-mining landscapes plays an important role in pollution control, ecological protection, and safe-guarding human health. In this study, the site-specific pedogeochemical background contents of several metals in soils in Kryvyi Rih Iron Ore Mining & Metallurgical District (central part of Ukraine) were determined. The metal concentrations in the soils of Petrovsky waste rock dump were also quantified and were also assessed using indices of pollution. The field sampling was carried out at a depth of 0-10 cm in five plots in dump area and in one plot in control site. The 43 soil samples were collected. The results showed that local background concentrations of heavy metals in soils of studied area decreased in the following order (mg×kg−1): Fe (42 510) > Mn (761.7) > Cr (94.48) > Zn (90.51) > > As (31.85) > Cu (28.10) > Pb (18.73) > Co (16.21) > Sn (4.64) > Mo (0.28) > Cd (0.16). In the initial soils of devastated lands at Petrovsky waste rock dumps the predominance of increased Cd, Co, Fe, Mm, Mo and Sn content and the predominance of decreased As, Cr and Pb content were observed. Based on the mean values of the individual indices of pollution (Pollution index, Geoaccumulation index, Enrichment factor, Contamination factor) can be assumed that in these soils As, Cd, Fe, Mo, Pb and Sn are mostly coming from industrial activities. Co, Cr, Cu, Mn and Zn are mostly related to their natural occurrence in devastated lands. The values of integrated indices of pollution (Nemerow pollution index, Pollution load index, Degree of contaminated, Modified degree of contamination) indicated that the initial soils of post-mining landscapes can be evaluated as no polluted – and extremely heavy polluted.