bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Toxicological Effects of Compounds from the Leaves of Schinus terebinthifolius Against Two Tetranychid Mites (Acari: Tetranychidae)
Authors: Habashy Mariam G. , Atta Doaa A. Abou El , Ba Fatma M. Abdel , Gedara Sahar R. 
Published: June 2022

The use of synthetic acaricides is becoming increasingly hazardous to non-target organisms. Plant-derived natural products are alternative candidates with general low toxicity to human and environment. Two extracts and nine phenolic compounds (1-9) from the leaves of the Brazilian pepper tree (Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi) were investigated for their acaricidal effects against two tetranychid mites, Tetranychus cinnabarinus (carmine spider mite) and Tetranychus urticae (two-spotted spider mite). After 7-days of treatment, the ethyl acetate fraction demonstrated remarkable mortality against T. cinnabarinus (86.67%) while, the n-hexane fraction showed the highest mortality against T. urticae (96.67%) at 200 μg/mL. Among the tested compounds, afzelin (2) and protocatechuic acid (7) exhibited remarkable activity. Regarding T. cinnabarinus, afzelin showed the highest mortality (86.67%), toxic activity (LC50 22.32 μg/mL and toxicity index, Ti 0.972), and the fastest lethality by time. Whereas, protocatechuic acid achieved the highest mortality (96.67%), the lowest LC50 (0.232 μg/mL, Ti 73.71), and fastest lethality by time against T. urticae. This study reported a promising in vitro acaricidal activity of the phytoconstituents of the Brazilian pepper tree and suggested its isolated compounds, such as afzelin and chatechuic acid, as alternative leads for the development of echo-friendly acaricides.
Genetic diversity analysis of Linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) accessions using RAPD Markers
Authors: Nagabhushanam Beema , Mir Mohammad Imran , Nagaraju M. , Sujatha E. , Devi B. Rama , Kumar B. Kiran 
Published: June 2022

It is important to analyse the degree of genetic variation existing within the genome to extend the genetic base of linseed/flaxseed accessions in order to preserve, evaluate and use genetic resources accurately and successfully. The main aim of the current investigation was to evaluate the scope and spread of genomic variation across different linseed accessions by employing molecular markers (RAPD). The genomic DNA of 12 linseed accessions was amplified with 16 decamer RAPD primers that generated 81 total bands, among which 75 bands were polymorphic and 6 bands were monomorphic. Polymorphic band numbers varied from least 2 (OPS-11) to highest 10 (OPS-07). The magnitude of polymorphism ranged from 75% to 100% among all accessions with a mean of 93.15 % across all the accessions. The value of Polymorphic Information Content (PIC) varied from 0.133% to 0.708% with a mean of 0.45% for each primer. The maximum PIC value (0.708) was found with the primer OPS-07 and (0.702) with OPM-13. The primer OPS-03 showed the minimum PIC value (0.133). Two main different clusters -I and -II were seen in the cluster analysis depending on RAPD data. Cluster-II comprises one accession (IC 564585) that was the highly varied accession, whereas Cluster-I comprises of some sub clusters with all the remaining accessions. The Jaccard's similarity coefficient varied from 8.2 to 96.3%. The accessions BHU-A and BHU-B had the highest genetic similarity (96.3%), followed by BHU-B and IC 564605 (96.2%). More divergent accessions were discovered to be IC 564585, IC 564616, IC 564631, IC 564622, and IC 564630. The current investigation provides innovative knowledge to breeders on the germplasm of linseed that would be employed in subsequent research to improve linseed genotypes.
Antioxidant and Anti-cancer effects of crude extracts from (Vitis vinifera L.) leaves on melanoma cells (SK-Mel and A375)
Authors: Selma Ferhi , Chahinez Taib , Salim Gasmi , Sakina Zerizer , Guy D’hallewin 
Published: June 2022

This study aimed to estimated total phenol, the antioxidant and antiproliferative activities of crude extract derived from grape leaves (Vitis vinifera. L.). Total phenol of grape leaves (Vitis vinifera. L.) was extracted using aqueous and methanol solvent and dosed with Folin-Ciocalteu using spectrophotometry. The antioxidant activity was estimated by spectrophotometry in the existence of the DPPH radical, when the antiproliferative activity was evaluated by using MTT test on two melanoma cells (A375 and SK-MEL) as compared to the effect of Cisplatinum. Results showed that extracts of grape leaves (Vitis vinifera. L.) were rich in total phenols. Indeed, the extracts exhibited an antioxidant activity, when 1.98 mg/mL of methanol and aqueous crude extracts could inhibit 90.20 % and 77.78 % of DPPH* radical respectively. The proliferation of Melanoma cells A375 and SK-MEL is decreased with increasing concentration of water and methanolic extracts (1.136, 2.27, and 4.54 mg/mL) included in the culture throughout 72 h. Results offered that extract from grape leaves (Vitis vinifera. L.) characterize with biological effect compounds such as phenols, with promise antioxidant activity, revealing an antiproliferative effect impact on A375 and SK-MEL malignant tumor cells compete with the synthetic molecule Cisplatinium.
Nutritional characterization and in vitro anti-inflammatory activity of guava-Aloe vera puree and its histopathological effect in gastric lesion-induced rats
Authors: Gollaz-Machuca Verónica Aida , García-Magaña María De Lourdes , Becerra-Verdín Eduardo Mendeleev , González-Acuña Irma Julieta , González-Aguilar Gustavo Adolfo , Yahia Elhadi , González Efigenia Montalvo 
Published: June 2022

The prevalence of gastritis requires the consumption of functional foods to counteract this disease. The objective of this work was to characterize guava-Aloe vera purees, evaluate their in vitro anti-inflammatory effect and demonstrate the gastroprotective effect in a murine model induced to the gastric lesion. The nutritional composition, physicochemical parameters, and bioactive compounds were determined in fresh guava-Aloe vera puree (FP) as well as in guava-Aloe vera puree stored at 4 ºC for six months (RP). The in vitro anti-inflammatory activity of polyphenolic extracts from purees and the effect of FP intake on gastric lesion-induced rats were also evaluated. FP was rich in dietary fibre (10%), vitamin C (238.81 mg/100 g), phenolic compounds (1969.70 mg/100 g), and minerals such as Cu, Fe, and K; while RP decreased in 80%, 64%, and 69% of vitamin C, minerals, and phenolic compounds, respectively. The polyphenolic extracts from the purees showed high in vitro anti-inflammatory activity (~60-80%). The purees did not cause significant changes (p>0.05) in the plasma biochemical parameters. The activity of the enzyme lactate dehydrogenase decreased in the gastric lesion-induced rats after treatment with the puree. The intake of FP by gastric lesion-induced rats accelerated the cell regeneration of the gastric tissue, showing a fast recovery. Guava-Aloe vera puree is a healthy alternative and serves as a gastroprotective.
Keywords: Aloe vera; Guava; Nutrition; Anti-inflammatory; Gastric lesion; Histopathology
Soil applied potassium enhanced the oil contents in hybrid mustard crop under water deficit condition
Authors: Ismail Muhammad , Hussain Nazim 
Published: June 2022

Mustard is an important oil seed crop and plays vital role in boosting the country economy especially in Pakistan. Unfortunately, under the sudden fluctuation in the climatic conditions, water stress is one of the most drastic factors restricting its production. To mitigate the water scarcity impact, soil applied potash has emerged as a sustainable approach in improving the crop oil production. For this purpose, two years filed trials were conducted at the Agronomic field research-area, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan during two consecutive growing seasons 2017-18 and 2018-19. The Randomized Complete Block Design was used with two factorial arrangements having three replications. Different factors were Fa; irrigation water stress i.e. (no stress (control)), stress at vegetative stage (Sveg), stress at vegetative & reproductive stages (Sveg+rep)) and Fb; potash application i.e. (0, 30, 60 and 90 kg ha-1) at the time of sowing. Mustard hybrid (45S42) was used as a test specie. Observations shown that water stress at Sveg resulted in grain yield reduction (47%) as compared to control. In the case of potash fertilizer treatments particularly at 60 kg ha-1 was significantly alleviated the detrimental effect (15% in yield-related components) of water stress both in Sveg and Sveg+rep conditions as per control. Nevertheless, potash application at 60 kg ha-1 depicted increase of oil-contents (35%) as per with other treatments under the applied irrigation water stress at Sveg and Sveg+rep conditions during the both years of trials. Based on the results of economic analysis, potash application at 60 kg ha-1 is an easy, efficient, commercially feasible and cost-effective agronomic approach for compensating the adverse effects of water stress in mustard crop.
Key words: Hybrid mustard; Irrigation water stress; Oil contents; Potash
Sugarcane yield loss due to water and nitrogen deficiencies evaluated by carbon isotopic discrimination method
Authors: Kölln Oriel Tiago , Gava Glauber José de Castro , Cantarella Heitor , Silva Sérgio Ricardo , Ocheuze Trivelin Paulo Cesar 
Published: June 2022

Water and nitrogen (N) availability are determining factors for crop development and production. Assessments of sugarcane yield loss based on these factors may become more accurate by using the stable carbon (C) isotope technique. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of N and water on sugarcane yield, isolating the yield losses (YL) caused by N or by water limitations, and correlating them with the fractionation of C isotopes (Δ13C). The research was carried out in field conditions in the municipality of Jaú, Brazil. A statistical design in randomized block was used, considering the 2 ´ 2 ´ 2 factorial arrangement, composed of two cycles [first (2008/09) and second (2009/10)], two N rates (without and with N) and two water supplies (rainfed and irrigated). These variables were evaluated: biometric features (plant height, stalk diameter and tillering), yield elements [stalk yield (STY), sucrose yield (SUY), and stalk dry matter (SDM)], technological quality parameters [fiber content, sucrose juice content (SJC), and total sucrose recovery (TSR)], stalk N concentration (SNC) and accumulation (SNA), and Δ13C. The effect of irrigation associated with N fertilization on STY, SUY, and SDM, resulted in average increases of 53.7, 9.0, and 18.6 Mg ha-1, respectively. The average YL for STY in two crop seasons were 40.5%, 35.2%, and 48.2% due to limitations of N or water or N+water, respectively. The SNC was not affected by the water supply, but it was increased by N fertilization. The highest value of Δ13C was obtained for the treatment without N fertilization in rainfed conditions, and the least Δ13C was found for the one with N supply and irrigation. The Δ13C measurement was effective in identifying N and water deficiencies, presenting potential to be used as an indicator of N and water limitations for sugarcane yield.

Keywords: Loss index of stalk biomass; Saccharum ssp.; Water deficit; Water‒N interaction; Water supply
Screening rice blast-resistant cultivars via synchrotron fourier transform infrared (SR-FTIR) microspectroscopy
Authors: Phansak Piyaporn , Siriwong Supatcharee , Sangpueak Rungthip , Kanawapee Nantawan , Thumanu Kanjana , Buensanteai Natthiya 
Published: June 2022

In Asia, one of the most important cereal crops is rice. Presently, a fungal pathogen called rice blast (Magnaporthe grisea) is the most devastating diseases affecting this valuable human staple. One of the ways growers can control rice blast is by chemical fungicides; however, the down side to using chemicals is the increase of production cost, environmental contamination, and loss of chemical efficacy over time. The use of resistant rice cultivars provide fungal suppression and have a positive impact on the environment. The objective of this study was to screened rice blast-resistant cultivars via SR-FTIR microspectroscopy and compare it to the traditional method. At 14 days after pathogens inoculation (DAPI) of 80 cultivars and two reference cultivars, the leaves of inoculated plants showed elliptical or spindle-shaped lesions with pointed ends, gray or white centers, and dark-green to reddish-brown margins, with an occasional yellow halo. The results of disease severity were classified as susceptible (17 cultivars), moderately susceptible (28 cultivars), and resistant group (35 cultivars) of all 80 varieties of rice. Rice cultivar no. 34 had the lowest level of disease severity, which was 6.66 ± 11.54%. Furthermore, we evaluated the accumulation of salicylic acid (SA) in rice at 24 DAPI compared with uninoculated plants. The results of the resistant group showed an increase of SA level at 24 DAPI as well as reference resistant cultivars. Rice cultivar no. 34 had SA level of 15.19 68 μg g-1 fresh weight and all other reference-resistant cultivars had a SA level at 14.70 μg g-1 fresh weight, respectively. Additionally, screening rice blast-resistant cultivars via SR-FTIR microspectroscopy revealed altered variation in biochemical components of the plants after infection. A comparison of the susceptible, moderately susceptible, and resistant cultivars revealed differences in the biochemical components of rice tissues, which may be correlated with plant defense responses to disease. These outcomes could help breeding programs in terms of the selection of resistant-rice cultivars.
Keywords: biochemical change; rice; rice blast disease; salicylic acid; SR-FTIR
GRADUAL FLOWERING AND FRUITING TECHNOLOGY (“BUJANGSETA”) THROUGH FERTILIZER MANAGEMENT IN SIAM (Citrus nobilis L.) CV. PONTIANAK
Authors: A. Sugiyatno , Devy Nirmala F , . Hardiyanto , . Harwanto , Dwiastuti Mutia E 
Published: June 2022

Fruit bearing of citrus species such Tangerine or Siam cv. Pontianak caused fruit yield and quality variation. Research was carried out in Banaran Experimental Garden under Indonesia Citrus and Subtropical Fruit Research Institute, Batu, East Java Indonesia, from November 2019 to September 2020. The objective of this study was to evaluate Bujangseta (BS) technology on the growth, physiology, flowering, and yields of Siam cv. Pontianak. 158 trees of 7-year-old 'Pontianak' Siam (Citrus nobilis L.) cultivar were divided into two blocks in which each block has been subjected to Bujangseta technology, and control, respectively. T Test was used to evaluate two treatments. The results showed that BS technology induced the leaf area, leaf pigments, fruit set, and total fruits/plant, whereas starch and sugar content of leaves decreased. Fruit harvesting on the BS and control (C) treatments during the period of January to August 2020 had been done 4 and 2 times, respectively. The total fruit weight/tree treated with BS significantly increased by 112% compared to C. The BS’s fruits quality such as size, juice volume and total soluble solid were significantly better than control. Improvement of fertilizer application is recommended to improve the ‘Bujangseta’ technology in order to increase the gradual flowering and fruiting in Siam group throughout the year.

Keywords: Bujangseta, Citrus nobilis L, fertilizer, Siam cv. Pontianak, Tangerine
A genomic‐augmented multivariate prognostic model for the survival of natural‐killer/T‐cell lymphoma patients from an international cohort
Authors: Lim Jing Quan , Huang Dachuan , Chan Jason Yongsheng , Laurensia Yurike , Wong Esther Kam Yin , Cheah Daryl Ming Zhe , Chia Burton Kuan Hui , Chuang Wen‐Yu , Kuo Ming‐Chung , Su Yi‐Jiun , Cai Qing‐qing , Feng Yanfen , Rao Huilan , Feng Li‐Na , Wei Pan‐Pan , Chen Jie‐Rong , Han Bo‐Wei , Lin Guo‐Wang , Cai Jun , Fang Yu , Tan Jing , Hong Huangming , Liu Yanhui , Zhang Fen , Li Wenyu , Poon Michelle L. M. , Ng Siok‐Bian , Jeyasekharan Anand , Ha Jeslin Chian Hung , Khoo Lay Poh , Chin Suk Teng , Pang Wan Lu , Kee Rebecca , Cheng Chee Leong , Grigoropoulos Nicholas Francis , Tang Tiffany , Tao Miriam , Farid Mohamad , Puan Kia Joo , Xiong Jie , Zhao Wei‐Li , Khor Chiea Chuen , Hwang William , Kim Won Seog , Campo Elias , Tan Patrick , Teh Bin Tean , Chng Wee‐Joo , Rötzschke Olaf , Tousseyn Thomas , Huang Hui‐Qiang , Rozen Steve , Lim Soon Thye , Shih Lee‐Yung , Bei Jin‐Xin , Ong Choon Kiat 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWith lowering costs of sequencing and genetic profiling techniques, genetic drivers can now be detected readily in tumors but current prognostic models for Natural‐killer/T cell lymphoma (NKTCL) have yet to fully leverage on them for prognosticating patients. Here, we used next‐generation sequencing to sequence 260 NKTCL tumors, and trained a genomic prognostic model (GPM) with the genomic mutations and survival data from this retrospective cohort of patients using LASSO Cox regression. The GPM is defined by the mutational status of 13 prognostic genes and is weakly correlated with the risk‐features in International Prognostic Index (IPI), Prognostic Index for Natural‐Killer cell lymphoma (PINK), and PINK‐Epstein–Barr virus (PINK‐E). Cox‐proportional hazard multivariate regression also showed that the new GPM is independent and significant for both progression‐free survival (PFS, HR: 3.73, 95% CI 2.07–6.73; p < .001) and overall survival (OS, HR: 5.23, 95% CI 2.57–10.65; p = .001) with known risk‐features of these indices. When we assign an additional risk‐score to samples, which are mutant for the GPM, the Harrell's C‐indices of GPM‐augmented IPI, PINK, and PINK‐E improved significantly (p < .001, χ2 test) for both PFS and OS. Thus, we report on how genomic mutational information could steer toward better prognostication of NKTCL patients.
Alzheimer's disease genetic burden is associated with mid‐life depression among persons with normal cognition
Authors: Wingo Thomas S. , Gerasimov Ekaterina S. , Canon Se Min , Lah James J. , Levey Allan I. , Wingo Aliza P. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIntroductionDespite an established link between depression and higher Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk, it is unclear whether the conditions share pathophysiology. Here, we investigated whether depression manifesting after age 50 is associated with a genetic predisposition to AD.MethodsFrom the population‐based Health and Retirement Study cohort with biennial assessments of depressive symptoms and cognitive performance, we studied 6656 individuals of European ancestry with whole‐genome genotyping. Polygenic risk scores (PRSs) for AD were estimated and examined for an association with depression in cognitively normal participants using regression modeling.ResultsAmong cognitively normal participants, those with a higher AD PRS were more likely to experience depression after age 50 after accounting for the effects of genetic predisposition to depression, sex, age, and education.DiscussionGenetic predisposition to AD may be one of the factors contributing to the pathogenesis of mid‐life depression. Whether there is a shared genetic basis between mid‐life depression and AD merits further study.
Molecular Engineered Crown‐Ether‐Protein with Strong Adhesion over a Wide Temperature Range from −196 to 200 °C
Authors: Zhao Kelu , Liu Yawei , Ren Yubin , Li Bo , Li Jingjing , Wang Fan , Ma Chao , Ye Fangfu , Sun Jing , Zhang Hongjie , Liu Kai 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe inherently tenuous adhesion strength and limited environmental tolerance of supramolecular adhesives severely restrict their application scenarios. It is challenging for the development of robust adhesives with extreme temperature tolerance. Herein, we report a new type of temperature‐resistant crown‐ether‐protein (CEP) adhesive by harnessing synergistic host–guest molecular interactions between engineered crown ether and protein building blocks. The outputs of CEP adhesive demonstrate ultrahigh shearing adhesion strength of ≈22 MPa over a wide temperature range from −196 to 200 °C, superior to other established supramolecular or polymeric adhesives. The temperature‐induced phase transition and internal bound water stabilized the system and led to superb adhesion under extreme conditions. Thus, this work pioneers a molecular engineering approach for the generation of adhesives with tailored applications in extreme settings.
Single‐Photon‐Induced Post‐Ionization to Boost Ion Yields in MALDI Mass Spectrometry Imaging**
Authors: Bookmeyer Christoph , Röhling Ulrich , Dreisewerd Klaus , Soltwisch Jens 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMatrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI‐MSI) is a rapidly growing method in the life sciences. However, for many analyte classes, its sensitivity is limited due to poor ionization efficiencies. To mitigate this problem, we here introduce a novel post‐ionization scheme based on single‐photon induced chemical ionization using pulsed RF‐Kr lamps. The fine‐vacuum conditions of a dual ion‐funnel ion source effectively thermalize the evolving MALDI plume and enable ample gas‐phase reactions. Injected chemical dopants crucially support fragment‐less ionization to [M+H]+/[M−H]− species. Based on this interplay, numerous glycerophospho‐, sphingo‐, and further lipids, registered from mammalian tissue sections, were boosted by up to three orders of magnitude, similar to results obtained with laser‐based post‐ionization (MALDI‐2). Experiments with deuterated matrix and dopant, however, indicated complex chemical ionization pathways different from MALDI‐2.
Reactivity in Nickel‐Catalyzed Multi‐component Sequential Reductive Cross‐Coupling Reactions
Authors: Chen Haifeng , Yue Huifeng , Zhu Chen , Rueping Magnus 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe nickel‐catalyzed three‐component reductive carbonylation of alkyl halides, aryl halides, and ethyl chloroformate is described. Ethyl chloroformate is utilized as a safe and readily available source of CO in this multi‐component protocol, providing an efficient and practical alternative for the synthesis of aryl‐alkyl ketones. The reaction exhibits a wide substrate scope and good functional group compatibility. Experimental and DFT mechanistic studies highlight the complexity of the cross‐electrophile coupling and provide insight into the sequence of the three consecutive oxidative additions of aryl halide, chloroformate, and alkyl halide.
Fused Hybrids of a [22]Smaragdyrin BF2 Complex with a NiII Porphyrin
Authors: Liu Yang , Xie Daguan , Rao Yutao , Xu Ling , Zhou Mingbo , Osuka Atsuhiro , Song Jianxin 
Published: June 2022

Abstract[22]Smaragdyrin BF2 complex (S)‐NiII porphyrin (P) fused hybrids were synthesized through Suzuki–Miyaura coupling of brominated S with borylated P and subsequent oxidative fusion reaction with FeCl3 as the first example of directly fused porphyrinoids bearing cycloheptatriene linkage. These fused hybrids have been fully characterized, including their X‐ray structural analysis. Owing to the cycloheptatriene linkage, these fused hybrids adopt waving structures. These fused hybrids display red‐shifted and enhanced Q‐like bands and characteristic redox potentials, depending upon the constitution and the linking position.