bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Micellar solubilization of binary organic liquid mixtures for surfactant enhanced aquifer remediation
Authors: Walker Douglas I. , Cápiro Natalie L. , Chen Emmie , Anderson Katelyn , Pennell Kurt D. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAlthough non‐aqueous phase liquids (NAPLs) are typically released to the environment as complex mixtures, most investigations of subsurface remediation focus on single contaminants and ignore the potential effects of co‐constituents on mass recovery and groundwater plume evolution. In this study, we investigate the dissolution and micellar solubilization of binary NAPL mixtures in completely mixed batch reactors and heterogeneous aquifer cells using a commercially‐available nonionic surfactant, Tween® 80. Micellar solubilization of trichloroethene (TCE), tetrachloroethene (PCE), decane, and dodecane measured in batch studies containing binary mixtures of TCE/PCE or decane/dodecane exhibited nonideal behavior that could not be predicted using Raoult's law. For a mixed PCE/decane NAPL, micellar solubilization of PCE was approximately 40% less than predicted, while decane was over 100% greater, which was attributed to expansion of the micelle core. In two aquifer cells containing different size fractions of quartz sand and low‐permeability lenses, the initial NAPL (1:1 TCE:PCE) saturation distributions resulted in “pool” fractions (PFs) of 0.88 and 0.36. During the initial water flood, the greater aqueous solubility of TCE relative to PCE resulted in preferential removal of TCE from the source zone. However, when a 4% (wt) solution of Tween® 80 was introduced, preferential micellar solubilization of PCE relative to TCE resulted in enhanced removal of PCE, with TCE mass discharge reduced from 97% and 90% and PCE mass discharge reduced from 79% and 53%. The observed relationships between mass discharge and mass removal indicating that plume evolution is strongly influenced by the initial NAPL saturation distribution, changes in the mole fraction of NAPL constituents, and regions of high NAPL saturation that persist over time.
Geometrical and positional isomers of unsaturated furan fatty acids in food
Authors: Müller Franziska , Hammerschick Tim , Vetter Walter 
Published: November 2022

AbstractFuran fatty acids (FuFA) are important antioxidants found in low concentrations in many types of food. In addition to conventional FuFA which normally feature saturated carboxyalkyl and alkyl chains, a few previous studies indicated the FuFA co‐occurrence of low shares of unsaturated furan fatty acids (uFuFA). For their detailed analysis, the potential uFuFA were enriched by centrifugal partition chromatography (CPC) or countercurrent chromatography (CCC) followed by silver ion chromatography from a 4,7,10,13,16,19‐docosahexaenoic acid ethyl ester oil, a 5,8,11,14,17‐eicosapentaenoic acid ethyl ester oil and a latex glove extract. Subsequent gas chromatography with mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis enabled the detection of 16 individual uFuFA isomers with a double bond in conjugation with the central furan moiety. In either case, four instead of two uFuFA isomers previously reported in food, respectively, were detected by GC/MS. These isomers showed characteristic elution and abundance patterns in GC/MS chromatograms which indicated the presence of two pairs of cis/trans‐isomers (geometrical isomers).
Fine‐Tuning the Endcap Chemistry of Acrylated Poly(Ethylene Glycol)‐Based Hydrogels for Efficient Burn Wound Exudate Management
Authors: Minsart Manon , Deroose Nicolas , Parmentier Laurens , Van Vlierberghe Sandra , Mignon Arn , Dubruel Peter 
Published: November 2022

AbstractMost commercial dressings with moderate to high exudate uptake capacities are mechanically weaker and/or require a secondary dressing. The current research article focuses on the development of hydrogel‐based wound dressings combining mechanical strength with high exudate absorption capacities using acrylate‐endcapped urethane‐based precursors (AUPs). AUPs with varying poly(ethylene glycol) backbone molar masses (10 and 20 kg mol−1) and endcap chemistries are successfully synthesized in toluene, subsequently processed into UV‐cured hydrogel sheets and are benchmarked against several commercial wound dressings (Hydrosorb, Kaltostat, and Mepilex Ag). The AUP materials show high gel fractions (>90%) together with strong swelling degrees in water, phosphate buffered saline and simulated wound fluid (12.7–19.6 g g−1), as well as tunable mechanical properties (e.g., Young's modulus: 0.026–0.061 MPa). The AUPs have significantly (p < 0.05) higher swelling degrees than the tested commercial dressings, while also being mechanically resistant. The elasticity of the synthesized materials leads to an increased resistance against fatigue. The di‐ and hexa‐acrylated AUPs show excellent in vitro biocompatibility against human foreskin fibroblasts, as evidenced by indirect MTS assays and live/dead cell assays. In conclusion, the processed AUP materials demonstrate high potential for wound healing application and can even compete with commercially available dressings.
3D‐Printed Bionic Ear for Sound Identification and Localization Based on In Situ Polling of PVDF‐TrFE Film
Authors: Yang Caokun , Xiang Yong , Liao Bin , Hu Xiaoran 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBionic acoustic sensors are an indispensable part to realize interactions between humans and robotics. In this work, a PVDF‐TrFE sensor array with multiple active pixels combined with a 3D‐printed bionic ear model is prepared, which can accurately detect sounds with different frequencies and locate the sound source from different directions. The PVDF‐TrFE sensor array can clearly identify the sound within 25 cm, and the error between the accepted sound frequency and the original input frequency is less than 0.001%. Through the algorithm analysis of the input signal, the location of the sound source can be immediately analyzed. Compared with other acoustic sensors, this sensor has the advantages of being self‐powered, small size, and high flexibility, which holds great potential for bionic applications.
A subclass of the Cowen–Douglas class and similarity
Authors: Ji Kui , Kwon Hyun‐Kyoung , Sarkar Jaydeb , Xu Jing 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe consider a subclass of the Cowen–Douglas class in which the problem of deciding whether two operators are similar becomes more manageable. A similarity criterion for Cowen–Douglas operators is known to be dependent on the trace of the curvature of the corresponding eigenvector bundles. Unless the given eignvector bundle is a line bundle, the computation of the curvature, in general, is not so simple as one might hope. By using a structure theorem on Cowen–Douglas operators, we reduce the problem of finding the trace of the curvature by looking at the curvatures of the associated line bundles. Several questions related to the similarity problem are also taken into account.
Free‐breathing myocardial T1 mapping using inversion‐recovery radial FLASH and motion‐resolved model‐based reconstruction
Authors: Wang Xiaoqing , Rosenzweig Sebastian , Roeloffs Volkert , Blumenthal Moritz , Scholand Nick , Tan Zhengguo , Holme H. Christian M. , Unterberg‐Buchwald Christina , Hinkel Rabea , Uecker Martin 
Published: November 2022

PurposeTo develop a free‐breathing myocardial mapping technique using inversion‐recovery (IR) radial fast low‐angle shot (FLASH) and calibrationless motion‐resolved model‐based reconstruction.MethodsFree‐running (free‐breathing, retrospective cardiac gating) IR radial FLASH is used for data acquisition at 3T. First, to reduce the waiting time between inversions, an analytical formula is derived that takes the incomplete recovery into account for an accurate calculation. Second, the respiratory motion signal is estimated from the k‐space center of the contrast varying acquisition using an adapted singular spectrum analysis (SSA‐FARY) technique. Third, a motion‐resolved model‐based reconstruction is used to estimate both parameter and coil sensitivity maps directly from the sorted k‐space data. Thus, spatiotemporal total variation, in addition to the spatial sparsity constraints, can be directly applied to the parameter maps. Validations are performed on an experimental phantom, 11 human subjects, and a young landrace pig with myocardial infarction.ResultsIn comparison to an IR spin‐echo reference, phantom results confirm good accuracy, when reducing the waiting time from 5 s to 1 s using the new correction. The motion‐resolved model‐based reconstruction further improves precision compared to the spatial regularization‐only reconstruction. Aside from showing that a reliable respiratory motion signal can be estimated using modified SSA‐FARY, in vivo studies demonstrate that dynamic myocardial maps can be obtained within 2 min with good precision and repeatability.ConclusionMotion‐resolved myocardial mapping during free‐breathing with good accuracy, precision and repeatability can be achieved by combining inversion‐recovery radial FLASH, self‐gating and a calibrationless motion‐resolved model‐based reconstruction.
Determining damage initiation of carbon fiber reinforced polymer composites using machine learning
Authors: Post Alex , Lin Shiyao , Waas Anthony M. , Ustun Ilyas 
Published: November 2022

AbstractComputational progressive failure analysis (PFA) is vital for the analysis of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites. The damage initiation criterion is one of the essential components of a PFA code to determine the transition of a material's state from pristine or microscopically damaged to macroscopically damaged. In this paper, data‐driven models are developed to determine the matrix damage initiation with the objective to save computation time. For 2D plane stress states, the computational cost for determining damage initiation can be dramatically reduced by implementing a binary search (BS) algorithm and predictive machine learning models. Machine learning models are evaluated against a regression problem of predicting damage crack angle as well as against a classification problem for predicting damage initiation outright. It is found that regression models perform much better for plane stress and 3D stress states when generating failure envelopes. In both cases, a neural network is able to produce a failure envelope that is over 99% accurate while reducing computational cost by over 90%.
In silico modeling human VPS13 proteins associated with donor and target membranes suggests lipid transfer mechanisms
Authors: Dall'Armellina Filippo , Stagi Massimiliano , Swan Laura E. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe VPS13 protein family constitutes a novel class of bridge‐like lipid transferases. Autosomal recessive inheritance of mutations in VPS13 genes is associated with the development of neurodegenerative diseases in humans. Bioinformatic approaches previously recognized the domain architecture of these proteins. In this study, we model the first ever full‐length structures of the four human homologs VPS13A, VPS13B, VPS13C, and VPS13D in association with model membranes, to investigate their lipid transfer ability and potential structural association with membrane leaflets. We analyze the evolutionary conservation and physicochemical properties of these proteins, focusing on conserved C‐terminal amphipathic helices that disturb organelle surfaces and that, adjoined, resemble a traditional Venetian gondola. The gondola domains share significant structural homology with lipid droplet surface‐binding proteins. We introduce in silico protein‐membrane models displaying the mode of association of VPS13A, VPS13B, VPS13C, and VPS13D to donor and target membranes, and present potential models of action for protein‐mediated lipid transfer.
A recursive formulation of one‐electron coupling coefficients for spin‐adapted configuration interaction calculations featuring many unpaired electrons
Authors: Ugandi Mihkel , Roemelt Michael 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis work reports on a novel computational approach to the efficient evaluation of one‐electron coupling coefficients as they are required during spin‐adapted electronic structure calculations of the configuration interaction type. The presented approach relies on the equivalence of the representation matrix of excitation operators in the basis of configuration state functions and the representation matrix of permutation operators in the basis of genealogical spin eigenfunctions. After the details of this connection are established for every class of one‐electron excitation operator, a recursive scheme to evaluate permutation operator representations originally introduced by Yamanouchi and Kotani is recapitulated. On the basis of this scheme we have developed an efficient algorithm that allows the evaluation of all nonredundant coupling coefficients for systems with 20 unpaired electrons and a total spin of within only a few hours on a simple Desktop‐PC. Furthermore, a full‐CI implementation that utilizes the presented approach to one‐electron coupling coefficients is shown to perform well in terms of computational timings for CASCI calculations with comparably large active spaces. More importantly, however, this work paves the way to spin‐adapted and configuration driven selected configuration interaction calculations with many unpaired electrons.
Autonomous path planning for robot‐assisted pelvic fracture closed reduction with collision avoidance
Authors: Pan Mingzhang , Chen Yuan , Li Zhen , Liao Xiaolan , Deng Yawen , Bian Gui‐Bin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundRobot‐assisted pelvic fracture closed reduction (RPFCR) positively contributes to patient treatment. However, the current path planning suffers from incomplete obstacle avoidance and long paths.MethodA collision detection method is proposed for applications in the pelvic environment to improve the safety of RPFCR surgery. Meanwhile, a defined orientation planning strategy (OPS) and linear sampling search (LSS) are coupled into the A* algorithm to optimise the reduction path. Subsequently, pelvic in vitro experimental platform is built to verify the augmented A*algorithm's feasibility.ResultsThe augmented A* algorithm planned the shortest path for the same fracture model, and the paths planned by the A* algorithm and experience‐based increased by 56.12% and 89.02%, respectively.ConclusionsThe augmented A* algorithm effectively improves surgical safety and shortens the path length, which can be adopted as an effective model for developing RPFCR path planning.
Impact of Narrowing Density of States in Semiconducting Polymers on Performance of Organic Field‐Effect Transistors
Authors: Nakano Kyohei , Kaji Yumiko , Tajima Keisuke 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTo improve the performance of organic field‐effect transistors (OFETs) employing π‐conjugated polymers, a basic understanding of the relationships between the material properties and device characteristics is crucial. Although the density of states (DOS) distribution is one of the essential material properties of semiconducting polymers, insights into how the DOS shape affects the mobility (µ), subthreshold swing (S), and contact resistance (RC) in OFETs remain lacking. In this study, by combining sensitive DOS measurements and multilayered OFET structures, it is experimentally demonstrated that narrower DOS widths in the polymer channels lead to higher µ, smaller S, and lower RC. By contrast, variation of the DOS in the bulk layer does not affect the performance. These results demonstrate a direct relationship between the polymer properties and OFET performance and highlight the importance of controlling the DOS width in π‐conjugated polymers.
Three‐Dimensional Numerical Simulation of Rime Ice Accretion on Polymeric Insulator Based on Computational Fluid Dynamics and its Experimental Verification
Authors: Zong Chunyu , Hu Yuyao , Jiang Xingliang , Du Qinjun , Rong Qingyu , Geng Kai 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIce accretion on transmission lines seriously threaten the stable operation of power grid. The current research focuses on the discharge development and flashover characteristics of ice‐covered insulator. Due to the irregular structure of the insulator, very few studies concentrate on the mechanism of ice accumulation. In the present study, the local collision coefficient was determined, and then a three‐dimensional numerical model for rime ice deposit accumulation on polymeric insulator was established based on computational fluid dynamics and verified by experiments. Results show that the local collision efficiency decreases along the rod and the edge of the shed from the front stagnation point to both sides, whose maximum values are 0.73 and 0.74 in the research scope. Rime ice amount on the insulator increases with the increment of environmental parameters including wind velocity, liquid water content, and median volume diameter of water droplet. It was proved by numerical simulation and artificial tests that the position with a high collision efficiency is heavily covered with rime ice. Through comparison and analysis, the numerical model can well simulate the process of rime ice accretion on polymeric insulator, and the relative error of ice amount between calculated by the model and that obtained by the test is less than 18.8%. The research in this paper realizes the visualization of rime ice‐coating process of polymeric insulator. © 2022 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.
Nighttime Traffic Sign and Pedestrian Detection Using RefineDet with Time‐Series Information
Authors: Yamamoto Masaya , Sultana Rebeka , Ohashi Gosuke 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObject detection is one of the most important tasks in computer vision‐based automation, such as advanced driver assistance systems in driving automation. It is preferable to detect traffic‐related objects at a far distance that appear small in the recorded scene in order to ensure maximum road safety while driving. As drivers tend to miss more traffic‐related objects at nighttime driving, this work focuses on nighttime in‐vehicle camera images. Because videos were recorded using an in‐vehicle camera, objects to be detected in this study, such as traffic signs and pedestrians, occupy a small size in the frame when far away from the own vehicle. Furthermore, it is necessary to take into account time‐series information to detect objects in sequential frames. Therefore, this research proposes an object detection model that combines the RefineDet small object detection model and the TSSD video detection model. Experimental results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed model. Moreover, a publicly available benchmark dataset is used to confirm the performance of the proposed model regardless of daytime or nighttime images. © 2022 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.
Fentanyl‐induced muscle rigidity in a dog during weaning from mechanical ventilation after emergency abdominal surgery: A case report
Authors: Sasaki Kazumasu , Rabozzi Roberto , Kasai Shinya , Ikeda Kazutaka , Ishikawa Tatsuya 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA 22.5‐kg, 8.4‐year‐old female mixed breed dog was presented for an emergency ovariohysterectomy for pyometra. No neurological abnormalities were observed on preoperative physical examination. Surgery was completed uneventfully under fentanyl‐ and sevoflurane‐based anaesthesia. Cardiorespiratory indices remained stable under mechanical ventilation throughout the procedure. Approximately 23 min after the discontinuation of fentanyl infusion, the investigator noticed jaw closure and stiffness and thoraco‐abdominal muscle rigidity. To rule out fentanyl‐induced muscle rigidity, naloxone was administered. Following administration of naloxone, there was a return of spontaneous respiratory effort, indicated by capnogram and visible chest wall excursion. Based on the clinical signs and response to naloxone administration, the dog was diagnosed with suspected fentanyl‐induced muscle rigidity. Six minutes after the return of spontaneous respiration, the dog was extubated uneventfully without additional naloxone administration. During 4 days of postoperative hospitalization, no recurrent muscle rigidity was observed, and the patient was discharged safely. The total dose of fentanyl administered was 0.61 mg (27 μg kg−1).
Manganese–methionine chelate improves antioxidant activity, immune system and egg manganese enrichment in the aged laying hens
Authors: Khoshbin Mohammad Reza , Vakili Reza , Tahmasbi Abdol‐Mansour 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundIt has been reported that supplementation of manganese (Mn) could alleviate the negative effects of age on egg quality in laying hens. However, limited information is available on compensatory ways in order to reduce the adverse effects of hen age on health and Mn deposition in the body.ObjectivesThe objectives were to investigate the effect of organic and inorganic sources of Mn on antioxidant activity, immune system, liver enzymes, shell quality and Mn deposition in the tissues of older laying hens.MethodsA total of 250, 80‐week‐old Leghorn laying hens (w36) were allocated into five treatment groups with five replications in a completely randomised design. Treatments were control (without Mn supplementation), 100% Mn sulphate, 75% Mn sulphate + 25% organic Mn chelate, 50% Mn sulphate + 50% organic Mn chelate and 25% Mn sulphate + 75% organic Mn chelate.ResultsThe groups fed 50 and 75% organic Mn chelate exhibited the lowest feed conversion ratio, as well as the maximum laying percentage, and egg weight and mass. Except to those fed 75% Mn sulphate, the hens received Mn supplements either as organic or inorganic, had higher immunoglobulin G and M compared with the control (p < 0.05). A significant elevation in the values of superoxide dismutase was observed in the hens receiving 50 and 75% organic Mn chelate when compared with the other treatments. The ALP activity decreased with increasing organic Mn chelate. Mn supplementation, either as organic or inorganic, increased Mn deposition in bone, egg yolk and shell, serum and liver.ConclusionDietary supplementation with 50–75% Mn–methionine has the potential to replace Mn‐sulphate in laying hens’ diet for improving eggshell quality, Mn deposition in the eggshell, antioxidant capacity and immune response, as well as improving laying performance, egg weight and feed conversion ratio.
Cover Image, Volume 12, Issue 6
Authors: He Xin , Wu Baihua , Shang Youhao , Li Bingqi , Cheng Xiangsong , Liu Jian 
Published: November 2022

The cover image is based on the Focus Article New phase space formulations and quantum dynamics approaches by Xin He et al., https://doi.org/10.1002/wcms.1619.
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