bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diversification increases the resilience of European grassland‐based systems but is not a one‐size‐fits‐all strategy
Authors: Dumont Bertrand , Franca Antonello , López‐i‐Gelats Feliu , Mosnier Claire , Pauler Caren M. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDiversification of grassland‐based systems is highly valued in agroecology, organic farming and other forms of regenerative agriculture. For lowlands, mountain and Mediterranean areas, we illustrate that diversification of grassland types, livestock species, products and farm labour allows coping with market, climatic and workforce‐related risks. However, diversification is not a one‐size‐fits‐all strategy and the type of diversification strategy should be adapted according to socio‐economic, structural, technical and pedoclimatic conditions of each farm. Farmers' technical skills and ability to re‐organise and monitor the system must be considered to avoid ineffectiveness of the diversified system. Moreover, it is essential to account for site‐specific conditions so that the ecological processes to be optimised can provide the expected benefits. Diversification occurs on different levels, from grassland management to the entire farm activity. There may be trade‐offs among these different levels impairing grassland ecosystem services. For instance, if diversification of farm activities dilutes the workforce, simplified grassland management can lead to the loss of vegetation communities of high ecological value. In contrast, case‐adapted diversification benefits from local opportunities, available resources and external supports to secure the system and favour sustainable resource management. Diversification thereby preserves grassland ecosystem services and enhances farm socio‐economic resilience to withstand perturbations.
Applicability of the European Society of Cardiology Guidelines on the management of acute coronary syndromes to older people with haemophilia A – A modified Delphi consensus by the ADVANCE Working Group
Authors: Klamroth Robert , Ay Cihan , De Moerloose Philippe , Fontana Pierre , Windyga Jerzy , Astermark Jan , Berntorp Erik , Carvalho Manuela , Dolan Gerard , Hermans Cedric , Holme Pål Andre , Kenet Gili , Mancuso Maria Elisa , Marquardt Natascha , Nunez Ramiro , Pabinger Ingrid , Rodgers Ryan , Valk Paul van der , Yuste Victor Jimenez , Zupan Irena Preložnik 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIntroductionAs people with haemophilia (PWH) receive better treatment and live longer they are more likely to encounter cardiovascular disease (CVD) and other comorbidities. ESC guidelines for the acute management of patients presenting with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) are based on the non‐haemophilia population.AimTo review the guidelines and propose relevant adaptations for PWHA without inhibitors who are treated with prophylaxis and present with ACS.MethodsAs part of the ADVANCE Group, 20 European haemophilia experts used a modified Delphi approach to develop and gain consensus on proposed adaptations of the ESC guidelines for PWHA without inhibitors.ResultsOf the 32 Class I recommendations across both guidelines, adaptions were considered necessary and proposed for 15. The adaptions highlight the need to provide sufficient FVIII trough levels at the time of antithrombotic treatment in people with haemophilia A (HA) without inhibitors. Patients receiving emicizumab prophylaxis and requiring oral anticoagulation therapy or combined single antiplatelet plus oral anticoagulation therapy will require additional FVIII replacement therapy.ConclusionIn the absence of high‐quality clinical evidence, the combined expert opinion used to develop these adaptions to the current ESC guidelines may help to guide clinicians in their treatment decisions when a PWHA presents with ACS.
Isolation, physicochemical and structural characterisation of a novel natural zinc polysaccharide from Crassostrea hongkongensis
Authors: Chen Zhongqin , Han Rong , Zhou Longjian , Lin Haisheng , Cao Wenhong , Gao Jialong , Zheng Huina , Zhang Chaohua , Qin Xiaoming 
Published: October 2022

SummaryA novel natural zinc‐enriched polysaccharide: OZPs‐1 was isolated from oyster (Crassostrea hongkongensis), with 922.18 μg g−1 of zinc. The physicochemical properties and structural features of OZPs‐1 were systematically studied. The results showed OZPs‐1 was predominantly composed of glucose, with a molecular weight ranging from 4 to 2044 kDa. OZPs‐1 showed favourable thermal stability. NMR analysis showed that there was no sulphate substitution and C‐6 substitution in OZPs‐1, while C‐4 might be the binding site of zinc and polysaccharide. UV, FTIR and XRD spectra suggested ‐OH and ‐COOH group might be involved in the binding of zinc to polysaccharides in OZPs‐1 and there were no ZnO and sulphate substitutions in OZPs‐1. These conclusions indicated that zinc might bind with ‐OH and ‐COOH in C‐4 of polysaccharides and impart the stable structure and favourable physicochemical properties of OZPs‐1, which could facilitate the application of OZPs‐1 as natural organic zinc supplements.
Development and performance evaluation of amorphous microencapsules containing lutein nanoparticles via antisolvent precipitation followed by spray/freeze‐drying
Authors: Zhang Gang , Hu Shihong , Wang Xiao , Zhao Yanna , Liu Min , Han Jun , Prakash Sangeeta , Wang Zhengping , Ding Zhuang 
Published: October 2022

SummaryThis study developed nano‐sized lutein‐loaded solid microcapsules using antisolvent precipitation followed by spray/freeze‐drying methods to improve chemical stability and dissolution efficiency. In antisolvent precipitation, lutein nanosuspensions with a particle size of 201.1 ± 4.3 nm were obtained with maltodextrin–Tween 80 as combined stabilisers. The effects of two drying methods on the performance characteristics of the microencapsulated powders were investigated. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analyses revealed the amorphous state of lutein and potential hydrogen bond interactions in the solid microcapsules. Stability testing showed that microencapsulation greatly reduced lutein loss (>80% plateau retention value (RV)) and retained the product colour (<1.5 ΔC) during long‐term storage. The release behaviour of lutein in the microencapsulated powder was evaluated via dissolution studies, which indicated that the spray‐dried microcapsules displayed faster and more complete dissolution behaviour (>90% within 10 min). In conclusion, an amorphous nanoparticle strategy based on antisolvent precipitation and spray‐drying can be utilised to obtain commercially available lutein formulations with high stability and fast release.
Study of HLA class II loci reveals DQB1*03:03:02 as a risk factor for asthma in a Pakistani population
Authors: Saba Nusrat , Raja Ghazala Kaukab , Yusuf Osman , Rehman Sadia , Munir Saeeda , Sajjad Sumaira , Mansoor Atika 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAsthma, a chronic inflammatory disorder of the lungs and airways, typically results from a combination of multiple environmental and genetic factors. Human leucocyte antigen (HLA) region on chromosome 6p21 encodes the most highly polymorphic loci in the human genome, encoding genes with central roles in the immune function where HLA loci are strongly associated with various immune‐mediated diseases such as autoimmunity, allergies and infection. The alleles of HLA class II genes such as DRB1 and DQB1 are the key genetic markers in the development of asthma and have been extensively studied in different ethnicities of the world population. However, the genetic screening of HLA class II alleles and haplotypes in Pakistani asthmatics has not been studied so far. The aim of the present study was to screen the HLA class II DRB1 and DQB1 alleles in asthma cases and controls in a Pakistani population. Seven hundred and two healthy controls and asthma patients were genotyped for HLA class II by sequence‐specific polymerase chain reaction assays. The HLA‐DRB1 and HLA‐DQB1 allele and haplotype frequencies were calculated, and their risk or protective association with asthma was determined. Two‐locus haplotypes of DRB1 and DQB1 alleles were imputed using Arlequin version 3.1 software. The signals of association with asthma were stronger at the DQB1 locus as compared to DRB1. HLA DQB1*03:03:02 (odds ratio [OR] = 2.42, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.34–4.25) was significantly associated with an increased risk of asthma, as was the haplotype comprised allele DRB1*07:01‐DQB1*03:03:02 (OR = 2.40, 95% CI = 1.25–4.62). In contrast, DQB1*06 (OR = 0.39, 95% CI = 0.22–0.70) and DQB1*06:02 (OR = 0.27, 95% CI = 0.10–0.71) emerged as protective alleles for asthma. Our data concludes that the HLA DQB1*03:03:02 allele was a risk allele for asthma, whereas two DQB1 alleles, DQB1*06 and DQB1*06:02, were associated with asthma protection. Our findings highlight a prominent role for HLA‐DQB1 alleles in asthma pathogenesis in studied Pakistani cases. More studies, especially with a larger study cohort are needed to confirm the utility of HLA DQB1*03:03:02 as a predictive marker.
Neutrophils in the periodontium: Interactions with pathogens and roles in tissue homeostasis and inflammation
Authors: Uriarte Silvia M. , Hajishengallis George 
Published: October 2022

SummaryNeutrophils are of key importance in periodontal health and disease. In their absence or when they are functionally defective, as occurs in certain congenital disorders, affected individuals develop severe forms of periodontitis in early age. These observations imply that the presence of immune‐competent neutrophils is essential to homeostasis. However, the presence of supernumerary or hyper‐responsive neutrophils, either because of systemic priming or innate immune training, leads to imbalanced host–microbe interactions in the periodontium that culminate in dysbiosis and inflammatory tissue breakdown. These disease‐provoking imbalanced interactions are further exacerbated by periodontal pathogens capable of subverting neutrophil responses to their microbial community's benefit and the host's detriment. This review attempts a synthesis of these findings for an integrated view of the neutrophils' ambivalent role in periodontal disease and, moreover, discusses how some of these concepts underpin the development of novel therapeutic approaches to treat periodontal disease.
An international expansion in voluntary euthanasia/assisted dying: The implications for nursing
Authors: Richardson Sandra 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAimTo provide an update on the international position of assisted dying legislation and its implications for nursing policy.BackgroundAssisted dying legislation has been introduced in health systems in Europe, North America and Australasia (Australia and New Zealand). Despite contributions in research literature, this remains focussed on medical practitioners, with limited acknowledgement of the need for policy development in nursing.DiscussionThere is a need for critical evaluation of this contemporary issue and the significance for nursing practice of the lack of unified nursing perspective and robust policy guidance is identified. An overview of the existing role of voluntary euthanasia/assisted dying with recent developments is provided and the resulting concerns for nurses regarding the scope of practice, role confusion and conflicting professional values is considered.ConclusionDespite a long history of assisted dying and the continued expansion of these practices, limited and highly variable nursing policy highlights the lack of clear guidance available to nurses. The growing inclusion of nurse practitioners and recognition of registered nurse involvement in the care of individuals on an assisted dying pathway merits clearer support from regulatory authorities and professional organisations.Implications for nursing practiceNurses are the most likely health professionals to be approached with questions regarding assisted dying; they are intimately involved in patient experiences and need to understand what is possible, expected and legal in terms of their scope of practice regarding assisted dying.Implications for nursing policyNursing regulators and professional representatives need to provide clear policy statements and guidance identifying the nursing role and recognising where protections and support are necessary.
Repeated influenza vaccination induces similar immune protection as first‐time vaccination but with differing immune responses
Authors: Ye Beiwei , Shu Liumei , Pang Yuanyuan , Guo Yaxin , Guo Yuanyuan , Zong Kexin , Chen Cong , Zheng Xianzhi , Zhang Jie , Liu Maoshun , Yuan Xiaoju , Zhao Yingze , Zhang Danni , Wang Dayan , Bao Changjun , Zhang Jun , Chen Liling , Gao George F. , Liu William J. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundRecent seasonal epidemics of influenza have been caused by human influenza A viruses of the H1N1 and H3N2 subtypes and influenza B viruses. Annual vaccination is recommended to prevent infection; however, how annual influenza vaccination influences vaccine effectiveness is largely unknown.MethodsTo investigate the impact of repeated vaccination on immune and protective effect, we performed a prospective seroepidemiologic study. Participants with or without prior vaccination (2018–2019) were enrolled during the 2019–2020 influenza season. Inactivated quadrivalent influenza vaccine (IIV4) was administered through the intramuscular route, and venous blood samples were collected regularly to test hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) titers.ResultsThe geometric mean titers and proportion with titers ≥40 against the influenza vaccine components peaked at 30 days post‐vaccination. At Day 30, the geometric mean titer and proportion with titers ≥40 in participants who had been previously vaccinated were higher for H3N2 but similar for both B lineages (Victoria and Yamagata) as compared with participants vaccinated for the first time. As for H1N1, the geometric mean titer was lower in repeated vaccinated participants, but the proportion with titers ≥40 was consistent in both groups.ConclusionsRepeated vaccination provides similar or enhanced protection as compared with single vaccination in first‐time vaccinees.
Compliance with preventive measures recommended by an international study group for pressure injuries in adult critically ill patients
Authors: Cobos‐Vargas Angel , Acosta‐Romero María , Alba‐Fernández Carmen , Gutierrez‐Linares Soledad , Rodriguez‐Blanquez Raquel , Colmenero Manuel 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe objective of this cross‐sectional descriptive study is to analyse the degree of compliance with the preventive measures for pressure injuries reported by an International Study Group in a cohort of adult critically ill patients. The level of risk of developing pressure injuries was determined using the Conscious level, Mobility, Hemodynamics, Oxygenation and Nutrition (COMHON) index. According to the level of risk, the preventive measures applied to each patient and scores on the different components of the index were recorded. Number, location and degree of pressure injuries were registered. Seventy‐three patients (male: 68%) with an acute physiology and chronic health evaluation (APACHE) II: 12,1 ± 6,2 and 56,1% of them with invasive mechanical ventilation. The prevalence of pressure injuries was 21,9%, with 43,7% of sacral location and 75% of grade II. The level of risk using the COMHON index was distributed between low 30,1%, intermediate 23,3% and high 46,6%. The compliance range from 0% (offloading heel devices) to the use of active mattress and incontinence pads (100%). Regarding repositioning the degree of compliance varies (from 20% to 80%) according if patients with contraindications (4 points in subscale of Mobility) or those with the capacity to mobilise themselves (2 points in subscale of Mobility) are included in the denominator. We have found that in our ICU there is a wide range of compliance with the use of the preventive measures recommended by the International Study Group. Some of them are related not by the general score of the COMHON scale, but to that obtained in its subscale components.
Effect of soil drought on growth and yield of maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids grown under compacted soil
Authors: Grzesiak Maciej T. , Hura Tomasz , Maksymowicz Anna , Dziurka Kinga , Rut Grzegorz , Rzepka Andrzej , Grzesiak Stanisław 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn this study, we examined responses of maize hybrids differing in susceptibility to soil compaction and drought in the case of their separate or combined action. We ran field and greenhouse experiments and determined effects on grain yield, biomass, weight of 1000 grains, shoot and roots dry matter (DM), shoot‐to‐roots ratio, harvest index, plant height, emergence index, leaf area and greening and root number and length. Individual and combined effects of both stresses were observed in the field and greenhouse. Compared with plants growing in loose soil and optimal irrigation (LI), the resistant hybrids in treatments HI, LD and HD showed a smaller reduction in GY, BY, S, R, RN and RL than the sensitive. In both groups, stress influence on HA, W‐1000, LA and SPAD was smaller and the differences were insignificant. Compared with LI treatment, the roots of LD, HI and HD increased their DM, number and length in the upper level of the soil profile and the number of roots developed at 0–30° and 30–60° in relation to the root main axis. Analysis of those traits in the hybrids resistant and sensitive to both stress factors enabled to explain a defence response. Our study demonstrated that soil compaction and soil drought, which usually occurs simultaneously, caused significant changes in components of plant yield and showed plant plasticity in response to environmental factors under natural conditions.
Ice cream as functional food: A review of health‐promoting ingredients in the frozen dairy products
Authors: Mohammed Nameer Khairullah , Badrul Khair Muhammad Firdaus , Ahmad Nurul Hawa , Meor Hussin Anis Shobirin 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIce cream has been selected as a good carrier of beneficial effects through the health‐promoting component incorporated into the product to meet the needs of functional food. The majority of people in the globe adore ice cream because it has distinct texture and sensory features. Ice cream is a promising carrier for the unhindered distribution of bioactive elements due to its composition, colloidal form, and low‐temperature system. The development of functional ice cream has consolidated numerous health‐promoting ingredients such as probiotics, prebiotic, synbiotic, and natural antioxidants (e.g., polyphenols). In this review, recent advances in the attempts of developing alternative ice cream formulation and functional ice cream (a product supplemented or fortified with bioactive substances) are presented: the highlighted contents encompass the aspects that include—defining the bioactive component with its beneficial effect, strategies for the successful integration with potential hurdles during the product manufacture, ideal consumption model with possible side‐effect, and current scenario of the functional ice cream development.
Characterization of pasteurized and sonicated whole shell egg and evaluating egg's interior quality during storage period
Authors: Yüceer Muhammed 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis study aims to investigate the effects of processing technologies (pasteurization; 56.5 °C for 45 min and sonication; 250 W for 5 min) on the whole eggshell. The interior quality and physicochemical parameters of eggs such, weight loss, foaming properties, total mesophilic aerobic bacteria count, and rheological behavior were evaluated during storage at ambient temperature for six weeks. Sonication has improved the physico‐chemical properties of the egg samples and enhanced the functionality. The weight losses of all treatment and control groups increased during the storage period. The greatest weight loss was detected in the control sample (9.5%). Weight loss between ultrasound (6.7%) and pasteurization (7.9%) groups were similar (p > 0.05). The storage period had a significant (p < 0.05) effect on the internal attributes of eggs such as functional characteristic (foaming ability). We conclude that the sonication has a promising advantage in techno‐functional properties comparing to thermal pasteurization.Practical applicationConsumer perception decreases to thermally processed foods. Traditional heat treatment processing such as pasteurization can adversely impact the functional properties, sensory, color, and nutritional values of processed eggs. However, nonthermally processing techniques applied at lower temperatures may cause limited detrimental effects on egg quality and prepared products from eggs such as meringue, cake, and mayonnaise. The eggs treated with emerging methods such as ultrasound retained egg's functional attributes and had their shelf life increased such as foaming ability and gelling properties. Also, sonication has promising potential for industrial application on shell eggs during storage and therefore hold potential for their shelf‐life extension and improve the functionality of final baked product. The treatment with emerging methods such as ultrasound retained egg's functional attributes and had their shelf life increased while enhancing the functional properties.
Physicochemical properties of pine cone molasses (pekmez) from Pinus nigra and Pinus brutia in Osmaniye
Authors: Gamli Ö. Faruk 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIt was aimed to determine the phenolic compounds, mineral matters, antioxidant activities, ash, protein and color values of pine cone molasses. In conclusion, total sugar contents in pine cone molasses ranged from 69.86 to 73.14%. In terms of the minerals, molasses was rich in K and Ca, while the lowest contents of Se and Zn were found in pine cone molasses. The phenolic contents varied from 1294.1 to 1466.4 mg/L, and DPPH (%) changed between 69.44 and 78.61 for P. nigra and P. brutia molasses, respectively. The pH values varied from 3.91 to 4.24, and total acidity changed between 2.74 and 2.99%. The viscosity varied from 270.4 to 368.8 mPa.s, and L* values varied from 19.77 to 23.91, respectively. a* values were established between 6.77 and 8.41, while b* values are found between 5.99 and 6.74. The K, Ca, Mg, P and Mn contents of all the molasses samples have been detected at high levels. Oil yields were 0.178–0.192 (w/w, %) for pine cone molasses. α‐terpineol was the main constituent in molasses and varied from 1863.4 to 1944.2 at a ppm level. The sizes not affected the physicochemical properties of molasses. L* and a* values followed zero order, and b* values followed first order kinetics. The pine cone molasses represent a potentially significant source of minerals, total sugars, essential oils and phenolic compunds. Nowadays, consumer interest and demand for potentially health‐promoting products have motivated the production of healty food products, so these pine cone molasses (pekmez) are introduced as potentially healthy products of which the production stages and conditions that may advise the industrial production of cone molasses.Novelty impact statementThe pine cones have a source of minerals especially Ca and K, essential oils (terpenes) and phenolic compunds. The pine cone molasses (pekmez) of P. nigra and P. brutia are introduced as potentially healthy products, and zero and color kinetic parameters of molasses followed zero and first order.