bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Health effects of filtering facepiece respirators: Systematic review of pulmonary and cardiovascular effects
Authors: Harber Philip , Beckett William S. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractFiltering facepiece respirators (FFRs) were introduced to protect the wearer by removing small particles from inspired air. FFRs are now also used to reduce the spread of transmissible agents from the wearer and are worn outside traditional healthcare and other workplaces. The COVID‐19 pandemic increased concerns about potential adverse effects on wearers. A PUBMED query retrieved articles through June 2022. Abstracts and selected full‐text articles were systematically reviewed by the authors. This article focuses upon cardiopulmonary physiologic effects (e.g., ventilation, CO2 elimination, oxygen uptake, and respiratory control) with emphasis upon current and potential research methods as well as summarizing results. 1985 records were identified, of which only 26% were published before 2020. FFR effects on CO2 elimination appear more likely to be significant than effects on oxygenation or cardiovascular function. While FFRs appear well tolerated by healthy persons, more research is needed for those with pulmonary or cardiac disorders, and for children. Many traditional pulmonary exercise study methods require special care when applied to filtering facepiece respirators. Studying additional parameters may explain the paradox of many subjective discomfort reports despite very limited physiologic effects.
The electrophysiological and neuropathological profiles of cerebellum in APPswe/PS1ΔE9 mice: A hypothesis on the role of cerebellum in Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Yu Hang , Wang Manli , Yang Qiu , Xu Xiaojiao , Zhang Rong , Chen Xi , Le Weidong 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe propose the hypothesis that the cerebellar electrophysiology and sleep‐wake cycles may be altered at the early stage of Alzheimer's disease (AD), proceeding the amyloid‐β neuropathological hallmarks. The electrophysiologic characteristics of cerebellum thereby might be served as a biomarker in the prepathological detection of AD. Sleep disturbances are common in preclinical AD patients, and the cerebellum has been implicated in sleep‐wake regulation by several pioneer studies. Additionally, recent studies suggest that the structure and function of the cerebellum may be altered at the early stages of AD, indicating that the cerebellum may be involved in the disease's progression. We used APPswe/PS1ΔE9 mice as a model of AD, monitored and analyzed electroencephalogram data, and assessed neuropathological profiles in the cerebellum of AD mice. Our hypothesis may establish a linkage between the cerebellum and AD, thereby potentially providing new perspectives on the pathogenesis of the disease.
Optical Spin Polarization of a Narrow‐Linewidth Electron‐Spin Qubit in a Chromophore/Stable‐Radical System
Authors: Qiu Yunfan , Equbal Asif , Lin Chenjian , Huang Yuheng , Brown Paige J. , Young Ryan M. , Krzyaniak Matthew D. , Wasielewski Michael R. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPhotoexcited organic chromophores appended to stable radicals can serve as qubit and/or qudit candidates for quantum information applications. 1,6,7,12‐Tetra‐(4‐tert‐butylphenoxy)‐perylene‐3,4 : 9,10‐bis(dicarboximide) (tpPDI) linked to a partially deuterated α,γ‐bisdiphenylene‐β‐phenylallyl radical (BDPA‐d16) was synthesized and characterized by time‐resolved optical and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopies. Photoexcitation of tpPDI‐BDPA‐d16results in ultrafast radical‐enhanced intersystem crossing to produce a quartet state (Q) followed by formation of a spin‐polarized doublet ground state (D0). Pulse‐EPR experiments confirmed the spin multiplicity ofQand yielded coherence times ofTm=2.1±0.1 μs and 2.8±0.2 μs forQandD0, respectively. BDPA‐d16eliminates the dominant1H hyperfine couplings, resulting in a single narrow line for both theQandD0states, which enhances the spectral resolution needed for good qubit addressability.
Aerobic C−N Bond Formation through Enzymatic Nitroso‐Ene‐Type Reactions**
Authors: Jäger Christina , Haase Mona , Koschorreck Katja , Urlacher Vlada B. , Deska Jan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe biocatalytic oxidation of acylated hydroxylamines enables the direct and selective introduction of nitrogen functionalities by activation of allylic C−H bonds. Utilizing either laccases or an oxidase/peroxidase couple for the formal dehydrogenation of N‐hydroxycarbamates and hydroxamic acids with air as the terminal oxidant, acylnitroso species are generated under particularly mild aqueous conditions. The reactive intermediates undergo C−N bond formation through an ene‐type mechanism and provide high yields both in intramolecular and intermolecular enzymatic aminations. Investigations on different pathways of the two biocatalytic systems and labelling studies provide more insight into this unprecedented promiscuity of classical oxidoreductases as catalysts for nitroso‐based transformations.
Single‐entity Electrochemistry Unveils Dynamic Transformation during Tandem Catalysis of Cu2O and Co3O4 for Converting NO3− to NH3
Authors: Zhang Jian , He Wenhui , Quast Thomas , Junqueira João R. C. , Saddeler Sascha , Schulz Stephan , Schuhmann Wolfgang 
Published: December 2022

AbstractElectrochemically converting nitrate to ammonia is an essential and sustainable approach to restoring the globally perturbed nitrogen cycle. The rational design of catalysts for the nitrate reduction reaction (NO3RR) based on a detailed understanding of the reaction mechanism is of high significance. We report a Cu2O+Co3O4 tandem catalyst which enhances the NH3 production rate by ≈2.7‐fold compared to Co3O4 and ≈7.5‐fold compared with Cu2O, respectively, however, most importantly, we precisely place single Cu2O and Co3O4 cube‐shaped nanoparticles individually and together on carbon nanoelectrodes provide insight into the mechanism of the tandem catalysis. The structural and phase evolution of the individual Cu2O+Co3O4 nanocubes during NO3RR is unveiled using identical location transmission electron microscopy. Combining single‐entity electrochemistry with precise nano‐placement sheds light on the dynamic transformation of single catalyst particles during tandem catalysis in a direct way.
Comparative postcranial osteohistology and bone histovariability of aquatic and terrestrial turtles: the case of the South AmericanPhrynops hilarii,Hydromedusa tectifera(Pleurodira, Chelidae), andChelonoidis chilensis(Cryptodira, Testudinidae)
Authors: Pereyra Maria Eugenia 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis article presents a detailed comparative analysis of the bone microstructure of three extant species of South American turtles. The main histological characteristics of postcranial bones are identified, as well as the intraskeletal, ontogenetic and interspecific variation between aquatic and terrestrial species. For this purpose, thin sections of postcranial bones (seventh cervical vertebra, coracoid, scapula, humerus, radius, ulna, ischium, ilium, pubis, femur, tibia, and fibula) of juvenile and adult specimens of aquatic (Phrynops hilariiandHydromedusa tectifera) and terrestrial (Chelonoidis chilensis) turtles were analyzed. Bone histology revealed an intraskeletal variation of the microanatomical and microstructural organization in these turtles. The cortical bone is composed of poorly vascularized lamellar and parallel‐fibered bone tissue interrupted with lines of arrested growth (LAGs), reflecting a cyclical slow growth rate throughout these turtles' life. Although in the adult specimens a growth rate decrease was observed, none of them have reached somatic maturity. The juvenile and the adult ofChelonoidis chilensis, unlike the aquatic species studied, presented a higher vascularization in their bones, which could imply a faster growth rate in this land specie. The number of LAGs was higher in the stylopodial and zeugopodial bones, which would make these elements suitable for approximate age estimations. Pectoral and pelvic girdle bones also exhibited a good record of LAGs. The information here obtained on extant species represents a powerful tool for the interpretation of paleobiological traits present in closely related fossil forms.
Construction of Cobalt Molybdenum Diselenide Three‐phase Heterojunctions for Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution in Acid Medium
Authors: Xiao Xu , Shen Shijie , Zhang LiLi , Lin Zhiping , Wang Zongpeng , Zhang Qinghua , Zhong Wenwu , Zhan Baishao 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMolybdenum diselenide and cobalt diselenide have been commonly implemented in electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). However, there have been few research on the creation of their three‐phase heterojunctions and the associated HER process. Herein, we constructed a three‐phase heterostructure sample consisting of orthorhombic CoSe2, cubic CoSe2 and MoSe2 and we investigated its HER performance. The sample shows microsphere morphology composed of nanosheets with interfacial interactions between the components. It possesses an overpotential of −136 mV at −10 mA cm−2 in acid medium, which is superior to that of single component and most two‐phase heterostructures. Especially, the overpotential at −200 mA cm−2 is smaller than that of Pt/C. The excellent performance can be attributed to the d‐orbital upshift of the Co active sites due to charge redistribution between the three‐phase heterojunction and the optimization of the hydrogen free energy. This work provides inspiration for exploring the application of other multi‐component heterojunctions in electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution.
Lyapunov stability analysis for nonlinear nabla tempered fractional order systems
Authors: Wei Yiheng , Chen YangQuan , Wei Yingdong , Zhao Xuan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDue to the restriction of practical systems in time or space, tempered fractional calculus becomes more reasonable than the traditional fractional calculus. It is known that stability analysis is a crucial issue for control systems. This paper concerns the stability analysis issue of nabla tempered fractional order systems for the first time. The (discrete time) tempered Mittag–Leffler stability is defined firstly and then a stability criterion is derived via Lyapunov method. Besides, boundedness and attractiveness are also investigated.
Tackling hypo and hyper sensory processing heterogeneity in autism: From clinical stratification to genetic pathways
Authors: Lefebvre Aline , Tillmann Julian , Cliquet Freddy , Amsellem Frederique , Maruani Anna , Leblond Claire , Beggiato Anita , Germanaud David , Amestoy Anouck , Ly‐Le Moal Myriam , Umbricht Daniel , Chatham Christopher , Murtagh Lorraine , Bouvard Manuel , Leboyer Marion , Charman Tony , Bourgeron Thomas , Delorme Richard , Dumas Guillaume ,   and the EU‐AIMS LEAP group
Published: December 2022

AbstractAs an integral part of autism spectrum symptoms, sensory processing issues including both hypo and hyper sensory sensitivities. These sensory specificities may result from an excitation/inhibition imbalance with a poorly understood of their level of convergence with genetic alterations in GABA‐ergic and glutamatergic pathways. In our study, we aimed to characterize the hypo/hyper‐sensory profile among autistic individuals. We then explored its link with the burden of deleterious mutations in a subset of individuals with available whole‐genome sequencing data. To characterize the hypo/hyper‐sensory profile, the differential Short Sensory Profile (dSSP) was defined as a normalized and centralized hypo/hypersensitivity ratio from the Short Sensory Profile (SSP). Including 1136 participants (533 autistic individuals, 210 first‐degree relatives, and 267 controls) from two independent study samples (PARIS and LEAP), we observed a statistically significant dSSP mean difference between autistic individuals and controls, driven mostly by a high dSSP variability, with an intermediated profile represented by relatives. Our genetic analysis tended to associate the dSSP and the hyposensitivity with mutations of the GABAergic pathway. The major limitation was the dSSP difficulty to discriminate subjects with a similar quantum of hypo‐ and hyper‐sensory symptoms to those with no such symptoms, resulting both in a similar ratio score of 0. However, the dSSP could be a relevant clinical score, and combined with additional sensory descriptions, genetics and endophenotypic substrates, will improve the exploration of the underlying neurobiological mechanisms of sensory processing differences in autism spectrum.
Integrative metabolomics and network pharmacology to study the preventative impact of dioscin treatment on hyperuricemia
Authors: Yu Donghua , Fu Jiaqi , Wang Yu , Lu Fang , Chen Pingping , Liu Shumin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis work aims to combine network pharmacology and metabolomics to explore the mechanism of action of dioscin on hyperuricemia (HUA). The preventative impact of dioscin on HUA and its putative mechanism were examined using network pharmacological analysis and metabonomics. Network pharmacology study further pointed out the potential targets of dioscin after a review of the relevant biomarker pathways discovered by metabolomic analysis. Molecular docking was then used to examine how the active chemicals interacted with the target proteins. The therapeutic effect of dioscin on HUA was shown to be mediated by 13 potentially important metabolites as a result of metabonomic research. Most of these metabolites are regulated after dioscin therapy to help patients recover. Based on network pharmacology, we identified 10 central genes, which is partly in agreement with metabolomics data. Using metabolomics and network pharmacology, this study investigated the primary targets and mechanisms of dioscin in the treatment of HUA. It is advantageous that dioscin has been developed as an additional drug for the treatment of HUA.
Embodied design: A framework for teaching practices focused on the early development of computational thinking
Authors: Deng Wenbo , Guo Xipei , Cheng Weihua , Zhang Wenlan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractComputational thinking, as an essential competency for the future development of citizens, is an important goal of computer science instruction. Although studies have shown that early exposure to computer programming is beneficial for improving computational thinking, current programming instruction does not systematically consider the factors that influence the development of computational thinking. To promote the early development of computational thinking, we analyzed the main factors that influence the development of computational thinking in terms of learners' cognitive level, instructional content, and technological environment. Therefore, this study proposes a teaching framework for developing computational thinking based on embodied cognitive theory. This teaching framework shows how to choose a suitable technological environment, design the appropriate content and apply adequate methods to effectively promote students' computational thinking development.
Bedside ocular ultrasonography for diagnosing increased intracranial pressure in patients with leptomeningeal metastases from non‐small‐cell lung cancer
Authors: Jiang Cheng , Lin Yongjuan , Li Huiying , Xie Yu , Yu Tingting , Feng Jingyu , Huang Mingmin , Guo Aibin , Shen Haiyun , Zhang YiDan , Yin Zhenyu 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo explore the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound measurement of optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) and optic disc height (ODH) in detecting intracranial hypertension in non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with leptomeningeal metastases (LM).MethodsSeventy‐two patients with NSCLC‐LM and 65 patients with NSCLC were enrolled. The ONSD, ODH, eyeball transverse diameter (ETD), and eyeball vertical diameter (EVD) were measured by ultrasound. Subsequently, lumbar puncture was performed in NSCLC‐LM patients to measure cerebrospinal fluid pressure (CSFP), and intrathecal chemotherapy was regularly implemented. Pearson's correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationship between CSFP and ultrasound findings. The diagnostic accuracy of ONSD, ODH, and combined ONSD and ODH was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and the corresponding area under the ROC curve (AUC).ResultsThe ONSD, ODH, ONSD/ETD, and ONSD/EVD values were higher in the NSCLC‐LM group (all p < 0.05). The ONSD, ODH, ONSD/ETD, and ONSD/EVD values were all elevated in the abnormally elevated CSFP group (all p < 0.05). ONSD, ODH, ONSD/ETD, and ONSD/EVD were positively correlated with CSFP (r = 0.531, 0.383, 0.534, and 0.535, all p < 0.0001). The AUCs for ONSD, ODH, ONSD/ETD, and ONSD/EVD to detect CSFP >280 mmH2O were 0.787 (95% CI: 0.64–0.93, sensitivity 68.75%, specificity 91.07%), 0.885 (95% CI: 0.81–0.96, sensitivity 100%, specificity 69.64%), 0.765 (95% CI: 0.64–0.89, sensitivity 81.25%, specificity 64.29%), and 0.788 (95% CI: 0.64–0.93, sensitivity 56.25%, specificity 91.07%), respectively. When ONSD was combined with ODH, the AUC was 0.913 (95% CI: 0.83–0.99, sensitivity 87.85%, specificity 85.70%). Furthermore, intrathecal chemotherapy was associated with a downtrend in CSFP and ultrasound findings.ConclusionThere are important advantages of using bedside ultrasonography for detecting elevated CSFP in NSCLC‐LM patients. Further research should be performed to evaluate the clinical significance of an enlarged ONSD and increased ODH in NSCLC‐LM.
Genomic alterations and clinical outcomes in patients with dedifferentiated liposarcoma
Authors: Jagosky Megan H. , Anderson Colin J. , Symanowski James T. , Steuerwald Nury M. , Farhangfar Carol J. , Baldrige Emily A. , Benbow Jennifer H. , Livingston Michael B. , Patt Joshua C. , Ahrens Will A. , Kneisl Jeffrey S. , Kim Edward S. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPurposePatients with unresectable dedifferentiated liposarcoma (DDLPS) have poor overall outcomes. Few genomic alterations have been identified with limited therapeutic options.Experimental DesignPatients treated at Levine Cancer Institute with DDLPS were identified. Next generation sequencing (NGS), immunohistochemistry (IHC), and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) testing were performed on tumor tissue collected at diagnosis or recurrence/progression. Confirmation of genomic alterations was performed by orthologous methods and correlated with clinical outcomes. Univariate Cox regression was used to identify genomic alterations associated with clinical outcomes.ResultsThirty‐eight DDLPS patients with adequate tissue for genomic profiling and clinical data were identified. Patient characteristics included: median age at diagnosis (66 years), race (84.2% Caucasian), and median follow‐up time for the entire cohort was 12.1 years with a range from approximately 3.5 months to 14.1 years. Genes involved in cell cycle regulation, including MDM2 (74%) CDK4 (65%), and CDKN2A (23%), were amplified along with WNT/Notch pathway markers: HMGA2, LGR5, MCL1, and CALR (19%–29%). While common gene mutations were identified, PDE4DIP and FOXO3 were also mutated in 47% and 34% of patients, respectively, neither of which have been previously reported. FOXO3 was associated with improved overall survival (OS) (HR 0.37; p = 0.043) along with MAML2 (HR 0.30; p = 0.040). Mutations that portended worse prognosis included RECQL4 (disease‐specific survival HR 4.67; p = 0.007), MN1 (OS HR = 3.38; p = 0.013), NOTCH1 (OS HR 2.28, p = 0.086), and CNTRL (OS HR 2.42; p = 0.090).ConclusionsThis is one of the largest retrospective reports analyzing genomic aberrations in relation to clinical outcomes for patients with DDLPS. Our results suggest therapies targeting abnormalities should be explored and confirmation of prognostic markers is needed. Dedifferentiated liposarcoma is one of the most common subtypes of soft tissue sarcoma yet little is known of its molecular aberrations and possible impact on outcomes. The work presented here is an evaluation of genetic abnormalities among a population of patients with dedifferentiated liposarcoma and how they corresponded with survival and risk of metastases. There were notable gene mutations and amplifications commonly found, some of which had interesting prognostic implications.
NUPR1 imparts oncogenic potential in bladder cancer
Authors: Zhang Lifeng , Gao Shenglin , Shi Xiaokai , Chen Yin , Wei Shuzhang , Mi Yuanyuan , Zuo Li , Qi Chunjian 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundNUPR1, or p8, is a small chromatin protein that plays a central role in the resistance to treatment and progression of cancer. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanism of NUPR1 in bladder cancer (BLCA) remains unclear.MethodsWe used online databases and immunohistochemistry (IHC) to explore the expression of NUPR1 in BLCA tissues and controls. Lentivirus‐mediated small interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA) was used to knockdown the expression of NUPR1 in two human BLCA cell lines. We used an in vivo experiment to investigate the effect of NUPR1 knockdown on the growth of BLCA. Moreover, an in silico analysis was conducted to assess the differential expression profile after NUPR1 interference. The CIBERSORT algorithm was utilized to evaluate the effects of tumor‐infiltrating immune cells among BLCA patients.ResultsThe expression of NUPR1 in BLCA tissues was significantly higher than in the control. NUPR1 expression was also positively correlated with the stage of BLCA. After lentivirus‐mediated interference, the expression of NUPR1 was significantly down‐regulated in BLCA cell lines. The cell cycle was blocked in G1 phase and the cell proportion of S phase was decreased in both two cell lines. Moreover, in vivo experiment revealed that the tumor growth of BLCA can be delayed by inhibiting the expression of NUPR1. Both in silico analysis and functional experiments revealed that NUPR1 was correlated with epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT). We also revealed that macrophages were the most related immune cells associated with the expression of NUPR1 in BLCA.ConclusionsThis study suggests that NUPR1 plays a carcinogenic role in BLCA. NUPR1 lentivirus‐mediated interference could interfere with cycle progression of the BLCA cell, resulting in cell cycle arrest in the G1‐phase. The carcinogenic effect of NUPR1 in BLCA is likely achieved through EMT. NUPR1 is correlated with the M0‐type macrophage markers CD68 and CD11b‐integrin.
Age and the cascade impact on coronary flow reserve (CFR) and discordance of fractional flow reserve and non‐hyperemic pressure ratios (NHPR)
Authors: Kern Morton J. 
Published: December 2022

Key Points
CFR decreases with age because hyperemic flow is reduced.
Reduced hyperemic flow affects FFR but not NHPR, contributing to a higher rate of discordance between pressure ratios in the elderly.
Using a dichotomous age cut off of 60 years, the impact of age in patients with discordant physiologic indices is minimal.