bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
First photographic record of albinism in Baiomys taylori (Rodentia: Cricetidae)
Authors: Rice Ari A. , Nadler Madison T. , Grosner Isaac T. , Gerveni Moed , Parr Logan K. , Montalvo Andrea , Morrison Michael L. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Cases of albinism have been reported in less than 2% of living rodent species. Here, we report the first description of complete albinism in Baiomys taylori along with photographic evidence. This adult female was captured on three occasions as part of a long-term small mammal study on rangelands of extreme southern Texas. The individual was developing teats upon the third capture, an early sign of pregnancy. Despite selective pressures against albino phenotypes, this animal was able to survive to adulthood and potentially pass its albino alleles to offspring.
‘I’m Just Stating a Preference!’ Lookism in Online Dating Profiles
Authors: Midtgaard Søren Flinch 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This paper considers the potentially wrongful discriminatory nature of certain of our dating preferences. It argues that the wrongfulness of such preferences lies primarily in the simple lookism they involve. While it is ultimately permissible for us to date people partly because of how they look, I argue that we have a duty to ‘look behind’ people’s appearance, which I take to mean that we ought not, on the basis of their appearance, to regard them as absolutely out of the question for us to engage with in a romantic setting. Further, constraints similar to those suggested by a duty to look behind people’s appearance gain support from another duty we have, namely, a duty to counteract, also in our daily lives, the fact that people are undeservedly disadvantaged in various ways.
Synthesis and characterization of PCU@C-Ag/AgCl nanoparticles as an antimicrobial material for respiratory tract infection
Authors: Palanisamy Senthilkumar , Subramanian Kalaivani , Bennet Lerince Godrina , Ambrose Janani , Gopalakrishnan Aganiya , Babu Sudhagar , Rajamani Ranjithkumar , Jha Niraj Kumar , Pandit Soumya , Singh Sachin Kumar , Dua Kamal , Gupta Piyush Kumar 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The pregnant cow urine (PCU) is an active source of antimicrobial agents that is used for fabricating chitosan coated Ag/AgCl nanoparticles (NPs) in the present study. These PCU@C-Ag/AgCl NPs were physicochemically characterized and evaluated for antimicrobial activity against selected respiratory tract infection (RTI) pathogens. The absorption band around 420 nm in UV-Visible spectrum indicated the presence of Ag NPs. The spherical shape of NPs was observed using TEM. Also, the crystalline structure was confirmed using the XRD pattern. The PCU@C-Ag/AgCl NPs showed strong antimicrobial activity against all tested RTI pathogens. In addition, FESEM analysis showed morphological changes in RTI bacterial pathogens. Thereby, PCU@C-Ag/AgCl NPs may be used as an antimicrobial material to treat RTIs in near future at clinical level.
Effect of plasticizers on the properties of sugar palm nanocellulose/cinnamon essential oil reinforced starch bionanocomposite films
Authors: Syafiq Razali Mohamad Omar , Sapuan Salit Mohd , Zuhri Mohamed Yusoff Mohd , Othman Siti Hajar , Ilyas Rushdan Ahmad 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
This work examines the effects of plasticizer type and concentration on mechanical, physical, and antibacterial characteristics of sugar palm nanocellulose/sugar palm starch (SPS)/cinnamon essential oil bionanocomposite films. In this research, the preparation of SPS films were conducted using glycerol (G), sorbitol (S), and their blend (GS) as plasticizers at ratios of 1.5, 3.0, and 4.5 wt%. The bionanocomposite films were developed by the solution casting method. Plasticizer Plasticizers were added to the SPS film-forming solutions to help overcome the fragile and brittle nature of the unplasticized SPS films. Increasing plasticizer contents resulted in an increase in film thickness and moisture contents. On the contrary, the increase in plasticizer concentrations resulted in the decrease of the densities of the plasticized films. The increase in the plasticizer content from 1.5 to 4.5% revealed less influence towards the moisture content of S-plasticised films. For glycerol and glycerol-sorbitol plasticized (G and GS) films, higher moisture content was observed compared to S-plasticised films. Various plasticizer types did not significantly modify the antibacterial activity of bionanocomposite films. The findings of this study showed significant improvement in the properties of bionanocomposite films with different types and concentrations of plasticizers and their potential for food packaging applications was enhanced.
Characterization of polypropylene/magnesium oxide/vapor-grown carbon fiber composites prepared by melt compounding
Authors: Tanoue Shuichi , Uematsu Hideyuki 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we discussed the characteristics and properties of polypropylene (PP)/magnesium oxide (MgO) composites prepared by melt compounding. In addition, we also discussed the effect of adding vapor-grown carbon fiber (VGCF) to PP/MgO composite on the properties of the composites. The thermal conductivity of PP/MgO increased with MgO content. In the region of MgO content of more than 30 vol%, the thermal conductivity of PP/MgO with MgO-10 (particle size of 10 μm) is the largest by comparison of other PP/MgO with different MgO sizes. The thermal conductivity of PP/MgO became increased by adding VGCF in PP/MgO. According to the estimation of thermal conductivity using Bruggeman’s equation, no synergistic effect was observed by adding VGCF into the PP/MgO composite. The surface resistance of PP/MgO significantly decreased by adding VGCF at a content of more than 3 vol%. At VGCF content of 1 vol%, the surface resistance of the composite became large, and the value was more than 109 Ω/sq. In addition, the Non-Newtonian property of PP/MgO composite melt was enhanced by the addition of VGCF into the composite.
High prevalence of subnormal testosterone in obese adolescent males: reversal with bariatric surgery
Authors: Dhindsa Sandeep , Ghanim Husam , Jenkins Todd , Inge Thomas H , Harmon Carroll M , Ghoshal Amit , Wu Zengru , McPhaul Michael J , Saad Farid , Dandona Paresh 
Published: January 2022

Objective
Obesity in adolescent males is associated with the lowering of total and free testosterone concentrations. Weight loss may increase testosterone concentrations.

Design and methods
We evaluated the changes in sex hormones following bariatric surgery in 34 males (age range: 14.6–19.8 years) with obesity. These participants were part of a prospective multicenter study, Teen-Longitudinal Assessment of Bariatric Surgery. The participants were followed up for 5 years after surgery. Total testosterone, total estradiol, luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, sex hormone-binding globulin, C-reactive protein, insulin and glucose were measured at baseline, 6 months and annually thereafter. Free testosterone, free estradiol and HOMA2-IR were calculated.

Results
Study participants lost one-third of their body weight after bariatric surgery, with maximum weight loss achieved at 24 months for most participants. Free testosterone increased from 0.17 (95% CI: 0.13 to 0.20) at baseline to 0.34 (95% CI: 0.30 to 0.38) and 0.27 nmol/L (95% CI: 0.23 to 0.32) at 2 and 5 years (P  < 0.001 for both), respectively. Total testosterone increased from 6.7 (95% CI: 4.7 to 8.8) at baseline to 17.6 (95% CI: 15.3 to 19.9) and 13.8 (95% CI: 11.0 to 16.5) nmol/L at 2 and 5 years (P  < 0.001), respectively. Prior to surgery, 73% of the participants had subnormal free testosterone (<0.23 nmol/L). After 2 and 5 years, only 20 and 33%, respectively, had subnormal free testosterone concentrations. Weight regain was related to a fall in free testosterone concentrations.

Conclusions
Bariatric surgery led to a robust increase in testosterone concentrations in adolescent males with severe obesity. Participants who regained weight had a decline in their testosterone concentrations.
Vaccine Administration in Children’s Hospitals
Authors: Bryan Mersine A. , Hofstetter Annika M. , Opel Douglas J. , Simon Tamara D. 
Published: January 2022

OBJECTIVES
To examine inpatient vaccine delivery across a national sample of children’s hospitals.

METHODS
We conducted a retrospective cohort study examining vaccine administration at 49 children’s hospitals in the Pediatric Health Information System database. Children &lt;18 years old admitted between July 1, 2017, and June 30, 2019, and age eligible for vaccinations were included. We determined the proportion of hospitalizations with ≥1 dose of any vaccine type administered overall and by hospital, the type of vaccines administered, and the demographic characteristics of children who received vaccines. We calculated adjusted hospital-level rates for each vaccine type by hospital. We used logistic and linear regression models to examine characteristics associated with vaccine administration.

RESULTS
There were 1 185 667 children and 1 536 340 hospitalizations included. The mean age was 5.5 years; 18% were non-Hispanic Black, and 55% had public insurance. There were ≥1 vaccine doses administered in 12.9% (95% confidence interval: 12.8–12.9) of hospitalizations, ranging from 1% to 45% across hospitals. The most common vaccines administered were hepatitis B and influenza. Vaccine doses other than the hepatitis B birth dose and influenza were administered in 1.9% of hospitalizations. Children had higher odds of receiving a vaccine dose other than the hepatitis B birth dose or influenza if they were &lt;2 months old, had public insurance, were non-Hispanic Black race, were medically complex, or had a length of stay ≥3 days.

CONCLUSIONS
In this national study, few hospitalizations involved vaccine administration with substantial variability across US children's hospitals. Efforts to standardize inpatient vaccine administration may represent an opportunity to increase childhood vaccine coverage.
El Yeti que vive en las profundidades de Costa Rica
Authors: Montero-Cordero Andrea 
Published: January 2022

Hace casi 20 años, aprendí sobre unos “gusanos gigantes”, de más de 2 metros de longitud asociados a fuentes hidrotermales a 2,400 metros de profundidad. Las fuentes fueron descubiertas hasta los años 70’s, por un equipo de Woods Hole Oceanographic, a bordo de un submarino en el océano Pacífico. Expulsaban líquidos calientes ricos en minerales provenientes del lecho marino. ¡Nuevos ecosistemas con nuevas especies asociadas! Y siempre habían estado ahí, en el mar, en la parte donde el sol no llega… Por comodidad tendemos a pensar que lo que no vemos simplemente no existe. Estos descubrimientos cambiaron fundamentalmente nuestra comprensión de la Tierra y la vida en ella.
No hay una definición consensuada entre científicos sobre lo que se considera “mar profundo”, en general son los sitios que no obtienen luz de la superficie (aproximadamente a partir de los 200 m). Tomando en cuenta lo anterior, el 93% del océano es “mar profundo”. El océano Pacífico tiene una profundidad promedio de 4,200 m y alberga el lugar más profundo hasta ahora conocido: la fosa de las Marianas, que alcanza los 11 km, más que la altura del monte Everest sobre el nivel del mar.
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A SARS-CoV-2-ellenes antitestekkel végzett terápia helye a COVID–19 kezelésében
Authors: Fábián Ákos 
Published: January 2022

Összefoglaló. Az új típusú koronavírus (SARS-CoV-2) okozta fertőzés
és a COVID–19 elleni küzdelem egyik lehetősége a SARS-CoV-2-ellenes neutralizáló
antitestekkel végzett passzív immunizáció. Az utóbbi időben számos készítmény
jutott el a klinikai kipróbálásig. Az alábbiakban áttekintjük ezen készítmények
legfőbb tulajdonságait és az antitest-terápiával elért klinikai eredményeket.
Ezek alapján elsősorban prehospitálisan, az állapotprogresszió szempontjából
leginkább veszélyeztetett populációnál alkalmazva, e készítmények jelentősen
csökkenthetik az állapotromlás esélyét és a kórházi ellátás igényét, ezáltal
javíthatják a kimenetelt, és mérsékelhetik az egészségügyi ellátórendszer
terhelését. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(51): 2030–2039.
Summary. Passive immunization is a therapeutic option in the fight
against the infection caused by the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) and COVID-19.
Significant advances have been made in the development of SARS-CoV-2
neutralizing antibodies. Here we discuss the antibodies under clinical trial and
the published data regarding their clinical efficacy. Based on these, when given
to non-hospitalized patients at high risk for disease progression, these
antibodies can significantly reduce worsening of the disease and the need for
hospitalization. This can improve the outcomes of patients and help reduce the
burden on the healthcare system. Orv Hetil. 2021; 162(51): 2030–2039.
Applying switching and multiple access model for reducing packet loss and network overheads in watm
Authors: Ali Saif Mohammed , Mshali Haider , Elameer Amer S. , Jaber Mustafa Musa , Khalil Abd Sura 
Published: January 2022

As an effectual simple wireless equivalent created in the telecommunications (telephone) industry, Wireless Asynchronous Transfer Mode (WATM) is utilized to stream unified traffics like video, data, and voice data. In the asynchronous data transfer mode, voice data transfer a packet with the same medium, and data share the networks and burst data. Effective WATM data transmission requires an extensive array of designs, techniques used for control, and simulation methodologies. The congestion of the network is among the key challenges that lower the entire WATM performance during this procedure, in addition to the delay in cell and the overload of traffic. The congestions cause cell loss, and it requires expensive switches compared to the LAN. Consequently, in this current study, the application of an effectual switching model together with a control mechanism that possesses multiple accesses is employed. The multiple access process and switching model are utilized to establish an effective data sharing process with minimum complexity. The switching model uses the synchronous inputs and output ports with buffering to ensure the data sharing process. The traffic in the network is decreased, and the loss of packets in the cells is efficiently kept to a minimum by the proposed technique. The system being discussed is employed through the utilization of software employed using OPNET 10.5 simulation, with the valuation of the WATM along with the investigational outcomes accordingly. The system's efficiency is assessed by throughput, latency, cell loss probability value (CLP), overhead network, and packet loss. Thus, the system ensures the minimum packet loss (0.1 %) and high data transmission rate (96.6 %)
A Biblioteca Escolar no Brasil e na Colômbia: análise comparativa de estudos
Authors: Flores Helen Rose , Conte Elaine 
Published: January 2022

O trabalho é resultado de uma pesquisa realizada entre 2015 e 2019, com o objetivo de analisar, comparativamente, a questão da biblioteca escolar no Brasil e na Colômbia, a partir do estudo das produções teóricas em ambos os países. Ao partir de inquietações da própria experiência profissional no espaço social da biblioteca, investigamos as semelhanças entre as produções de teses e dissertações que dizem respeito à biblioteca escolar no Brasil e na Colômbia, tecendo, assim, vias de acesso ao intercâmbio das construções teóricas, dos avanços nas leis, nas políticas e nas práticas que vêm se efetivando nestes países. Estruturamos a metodologia com bases hermenêuticas aliada à abordagem comparada, tendo como fonte de pesquisa os repositórios digitais. A hipótese é de que as bibliotecas escolares possam promover novos sentidos ao educar, para ampliar a percepção, bem como a discussão de temas que conduzem ao conhecimento mútuo dos respectivos sistemas de bibliotecas escolares, que se articulam nos espaços digitais, promovendo a construção de canais formativos para realizar novas pesquisas. Os resultados sugerem que são escassas as discussões que abordam as questões da biblioteca escolar em aproximações interdisciplinares, ou são tratadas apenas por relações pontuais, pela ausência de critérios de análise, ou seja, a dimensão crítica é substituída por uma preferência binária de uma subjetividade anunciada por decretos de governos. Ainda, o panorama encontrado desconsidera aspectos da práxis na conjuntura digital, caracterizando-se como possível lacuna na literatura comparada da área.
Slow Medicine and Choosing Wisely: a synergistic alliance
Authors: Bobbio Marco , Vernero Sandra , Colimberti Domenico , Gardini Andrea 
Published: January 2022

Choosing Wisely® is an initiative of the American Board of Internal Medicine Foundation to help physicians and patients engage in conversations about the overuse of tests and procedures and support physician efforts to help patients make smart and effective care choices. Choosing Wisely campaigns are now active and present in 25 countries around the world, on five continents. Italy is the only country where a Choosing Wisely campaign was launched, and it is currently steered by a Nationwide association (Slow Medicine), creating a synergistic alliance. The Slow Medicine Association was founded in 2011 when a group of health professionals and citizens shared a new paradigm of values, methodology, and interventions and decided to establish an association with the mission of working for a health system driven by ethics and quality principles. Three keywords summarize the philosophy of Slow Medicine: measured because it acts with moderation, gradualness, and without waste; respectful because it is attentive to the dignity of individuals recognizing their values; and equitable because it is committed to ensuring appropriate care based on the best available evidence. Slow Medicine allowed the spread of Choosing Wisely in Italy involving several professional societies and participating at the National meetings of the Societies as well as numerous other meetings, in which the mission of the Association is combined with the principle of the ‘do not’ recommendations. Numerous other initiatives were carried out, and new projects were planned in synergy with Choosing Wisely.
Hacia un estudio comparativo de pliegos poéticos en castellano y en catalán (s. XVI):
Authors: Puerto Moro Laura 
Published: January 2022

Este trabajo plantea por primera vez un estudio comparativo de pliegos poéticos en castellano y en catalán del s. XVI, con el que se pretende contribuir al trazado de una cartografía más fiable de la literatura popular impresa en la Península Ibérica en los albores de la Edad Moderna. El análisis desarrollado abarca tres vertientes fundamentales: tradiciones materiales, iconográficas y temáticas, sin perder de vista usos sociales asociados. Se adopta un enfoque metodológico de carácter extensivo que sienta las bases de ulteriores estudios pormenorizados. El Apéndice iconográfico recoge la tradición visual y variaciones de las figurillas celestinescas y sus personajes-tipo, así como otras imágenes de codificación genérica.
Palabras-clave: Pliegos poéticos, Castellano, Catalán, Estudio comparativo, Siglo XVI
Serum and Saliva 25(OH)D Levels in Relation to Dental Caries in Young Children
Authors: Hussein Alaa Sabah , Almoudi Manal Mohamed , Abu-Hassan Mohamed Ibrahim , Schroth Robert J , Saripudin Bahruddin , Mohamad Mohd Shawal Firdaus 
Published: January 2022

Objective: Several studies have reported that low levels of vitamin D (25(OH)D) are associated with an increased risk of dental caries and that optimal levels may offer protection This study aimed to assess the relationship between serum and saliva 25(OH)D levels and caries among young children.
Study design: A total of 120 healthy children were recruited; 93 with caries and 27 caries-free. Dental caries status was evaluated using decayed, missing and filled in primary teeth (dmft) index. Blood and unstimulated whole saliva samples were collected. Laboratory analysis was performed using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Kit. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, bivariate and Spearman’s rank correlation analysis.
Results: There were no significant associations between serum and saliva 25(OH)D levels and caries status (P &gt; 0.05). Levels of 25(OH)D in serum were significantly higher than levels found in saliva (P &lt; 0.05), and a correlation between serum and saliva 25(OH)D levels was observed (P &lt; 0.05).
Conclusions: The association between serum and saliva 25(OH)D and dental caries in young children was inconclusive. However, a positive and significant correlation was observed between serum and saliva 25(OH)D levels. Further studies are warranted to investigate the definite relation between 25(OH)D levels and dental caries and using saliva 25(OH)D as a non-invasive alternative method over blood samples.
Modul Bina Diri Tunagrahita untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Mengajar Guru Inklusif
Authors: Mufidah Akrim Ilma , Susilawati Sinta Yuni 
Published: January 2022

Keefektifan Modul Bina Diri untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Mengajar di Sekolah Inklusif. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui keefektifan modul bina diri untuk meningkatkan keterampilan guru mengajar bina diri di sekolah inklusif. Metode penelitian menggunakan Borg and Gall yang memiliki sepuluh tahap. Dalam penelitian ini penulis mengadaptasi menjadi tujuh tahap. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan modul bina diri anak tunagrahita efektif digunakan untuk meningkatkan keterampilan guru mengajar.
Penerapan Metode Field Trip dalam Pembelajaran Menulis Karangan Deskripsi pada Siswa Tunarungu
Authors: Wati Furi Fuziana , AM M Shodiq , Praherdhiono Henry 
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan aktivitas dalam proses pembelajaran menulis karangan deskripsi, meningkatkan kemampuan dalam menulis karangan dekripsi sesuai dengan penyusunan Subjek, Predikat, Objektif dan Keterangan pada siswa tunarungu di SMPLB-B YPTB Malang. Penelitian ini menggunakan Quasi Eksperimen dengan desain penelitian one-group-pretestposttest-design. Sampel dari penelitian ini 10 siswa SMPLB-B YPTB Malang dengan mata pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan observasi, wawancara, tes dan dokumentasi. Analisis data menggunakan Uji Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian penggunaan metode field trip dalam menulis karangan deskripsi dapat mempengaruhi hasil belajar siswa secara signifikan dibandingkan dengan prnggunaan metode konvensional.