bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of road disturbance on ant diversity in a sector of the Central Biocenic Corridor located in the center of Arid diagonal of Argentina
Authors: Amatta Emilce , Andino Natalia , Calcaterra Luis A. , Giannoni Stella M. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Linear infrastructures such as roads are among the most frequent generators of anthropogenic disturbances. Due to the expensive area that is affected along them, these great infrastructures represent a major conservation concern worldwide. Ants are an important component of natural ecosystems and are considered to be very sensitive to disturbance. The National Road Nº 150 is an important road of South America that forms part of the Central Bioceanic Corridor which will connect Brazil with Chile. In its trajectory, it crosses the Ischigualasto Provincial Park in Argentina. In order to evaluate the effects of this road on biodiversity in roadsides that run across this protected area, we compared species and functional group diversity of ants collected using pitfall traps between disturbed and undisturbed sites. In addition, we analyzed whether habitat variables, such as plant cover, gravel cover and soil hardness, explain ant species and functional group abundance in both site types. Twenty-one and 17 ant species were caught in disturbed and undisturbed sites, respectively. Roadside contained relatively more exclusives and rare species, while undisturbed sites harbored more common and dominant species. Hot climate specialists were more abundant at disturbed sites, whereas Opportunists at undisturbed sites. Ant species abundance seems to be positively influenced by gravel cover on roadside. In the present context of land use change, roadside could have an important function as reservoir and corridor for some ant species, and thus, plays a valuable role in the conservation of ant diversity in arid ecosystems.
Extracellular vesicles promote lipid raft formation in human microglia through TLR4, P2X4R, and αVβ3/αVβ5 signaling pathways
Authors: Pivoriūnas Augustas 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Targeting of disease-associated microglia represents a promising therapeutic approach that can be used for the prevention or slowing down neurodegeneration. In this regard, the use of extracellular vesicles (EVs) represents a promising therapeutic approach. However, the molecular mechanisms by which EVs regulate microglial responses remain poorly understood. In the present study, we used EVs derived from human oral mucosa stem cells (OMSCs) to investigate the effects on the lipid raft formation and the phagocytic response of human microglial cells. Lipid raft labeling with fluorescent cholera toxin subunit B conjugates revealed that both EVs and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) by more than 2 times increased lipid raft formation in human microglia. By contrast, combined treatment with LPS and EVs significantly decreased lipid raft formation indicating possible interference of EVs with the process of LPS-induced lipid raft formation. Specific inhibition of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) with anti-TLR4 antibody as well as inhibition of purinergic P2X4 receptor (P2X4R) with selective antagonist 5-BDBD inhibited EVs- and LPS-induced lipid raft formation. Selective blockage of αvβ3/ αvβ5 integrins with cilengitide suppressed EV- and LPS-induced lipid raft formation in microglia. Furthermore, inhibition of TLR4 and P2X4R prevented EV-induced phagocytic activity of human microglial cells.
We demonstrate that EVs induce lipid raft formation in human microglia through interaction with TLR4, P2X4R, and αVβ3/αVβ5 signaling pathways. Our results provide new insights about the molecular mechanisms regulating EV/microglia interactions and could be used for the development of new therapeutic strategies against neurological disorders.
Anti-cancer Activity of New Phosphoramide-functionalized Graphene
Oxides: An Experimental and Theoretical Evaluation
Authors: Gholivand Khodayar , Faraghi Mohammad , Pooyan Mahsa , Babaee Leila Sarmadi , Malekshah Rahime Eshaghi , Pirastehfar Foroogh , Vahabirad Mohammad 
Published: October 2022

Background:
Graphene oxide (GO)-based systems are among the drug delivery
systems and have drawn a lot of interest in the field of medicine.

Methods:
In this work, two novel phosphoramides with the formulas of
(NHCHCH2C(CH3)2NHC(CH3)2CH2P(S)(OEt)2 (L1) and (NHCHCH2C(CH3)2 NHC
(CH3)2CH2P (O) (NHC6H5) (OC5H6) (L2) were synthesized and characterized by spectroscopic
methods. Then, graphene oxide (GO) was functionalized by L1 and L2. FT-IR,
XRD, FE- SEM/ MAP, and Zeta potential analyses were applied to confirm the synthesis
of phosphoramide-functionalized graphene oxides (GO-L1 and GO-L2). Cytotoxicity of
synthesized compounds was evaluated against breast cancer cell line (SK-BR-3) using
MTT assay. Moreover, the flow cytometry assay was performed to evaluate the cell death
mechanisms.

Results:
The results showed that GO-L1 and GO-L2 had a more inhibitory effect against
cancer cells than that of L1 and L2, and GO-L2 showed the highest cytotoxicity with an IC50
value of 38.13 μg/ml. Quantum calculations were employed to optimize structures. HOMO
and LUMO energy values and physical adsorption of synthesized compounds were obtained
by the DMol3 module in the Material Studio 2017. The docking studies were used to investigate
the binding of L1, L2, GO-L1, and GO-L2 to DNA polymerase IIα.

Conclusion:
Anticancer activity of phosphoramide compounds was increased after attachment
on the GO surface, and the docking studies' results were in good accordance
with the experimental cytotoxicity results.
Effect of Fibroblast Growth Factor-21 Molecule on Coronary Collateral
Development
Authors: Fedai Halil , Tascanov Mustafa Begenc 
Published: October 2022

Background:
Collateral arteries provide an alternative source to the myocardium resulting
from ischemia due to occlusive coronary artery disease and may help preserve myocardial
function in the case of coronary artery disease (CAD). Although collateral development is so important,
its pathophysiology has not been fully elucidated. Till now, no study has investigated the
relationship between Fibroblast growth factor-21(FGF-21) and coronary collateral.

Objective:
This study aims to investigate the pathophysiology of coronary collateral development.

Methods:
In our study, which we planned as a case-control, 60 consecutive patients with ≥90 stenosis
in at least one large coronary artery as a result of coronary angiography (CAG) and 30 patients
with normal coronary angiography were included in the study cross-sectional. Demographic,
echocardiographic and laboratory data were recorded. Coronary collateral circulation was evaluated
using the Rentrop-Cohen method. FGF-21 levels were measured in all individuals.

Results:
In the analysis, no significant difference was observed between the two groups in basic
biochemical parameters other than HDL (p>0.05 for all). FGF-21 level was statistically significantly
higher in the patient group compared to the control group (p: 0.003). Also, the FGF-21 level was
found to be statistically significantly higher in the good collateral circulation group than the poor
(p:0.006). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to predict the
presence of collateral. We found that FGF-21(p=0.006), and C-reactive protein (p=0.020) predicted
the presence of collateral independently.

Conclusion:
Collateral formation and cardiac prognosis are closely related. Our study is the first to
investigate the relationship between collateral formation and FGF-21. Our study showed that the
FGF-21 level is an independent predictor of collateral formation. In addition, there was a significant
difference between bad and good collateral formation regarding FGF-21 levels.
Combined Chronic Oral Methylphenidate and Fluoxetine Treatment
During Adolescence: Effects on Behavior
Authors: Thanos Panayotis K. , Blum Kenneth , McCarthy Madison , Senior Daniela , Watts Samantha , Connor Carly , Hammond Nikki , Hadjiargyrou Michael , Komatsu David , Steiner Heinz 
Published: October 2022

Background:
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) can be comorbid with
depression, often leading to the prescription of both methylphenidate (MP) and selective serotonin
reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) antidepressants, such as fluoxetine (FLX). Moreover, these drugs are often
misused as cognitive enhancers. This study examined the effects of chronic oral co-administration of
MP and FLX on depressive- and anxiety-like behaviors.

Methods:
Adolescent rats received daily either water (control), MP, FLX, or the combination of MP
plus FLX in their drinking water over the course of 4 weeks.

Results:
Data analysis shows a decrease in food consumption and body weight for rats exposed to
FLX or the combination of MP and FLX. Sucrose consumption was significantly greater in FLX or
MP+FLX groups compared to controls. FLX-treated rats showed no effect in the elevated plus maze
(EPM; open arm time) and forced swim test (FST; latency to immobility). However, rats treated with
the combination (MP+FLX) showed significant anxiolytic-like and anti-depressive-like behaviors (as
measured by EPM and FST), as well as significant increases in overall activity (distance traveled in
open field test). Finally, the combined MP+FLX treatment induced a decrease in anxiety and depressive-
like behaviors significantly greater than the response from either of these drugs alone.

Conclusion:
These behavioral results characterize the long-term effects of these drugs (orally administered)
that are widely co-administered and co-misused and provide important insight into the potential
neurobiological and neurochemical effects. Future research will determine the potential risks of
the long-term use of MP and FLX together.
The Impact of the Initial Admission Department on the Management and
Prognosis of Retinal Artery Occlusion
Authors: Zhou Dong , He Li , Liu Yanqin , Dong Shuju , Luo Yaxi , Li Yanbo , Li Changling 
Published: October 2022

Background:
Retinal artery occlusion (RAO) is an emergency condition in both neurology and
ophthalmology departments. However, RAO's management and visual outcome in different initial departments
remain unclear. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the impact of the initial department on the management
and prognosis of RAO.

Methods:
Consecutive cases of RAO between January 2011 and December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed.
The neurology and ophthalmology departments compared the baseline characteristics, relevant evaluation,
and treatment. The primary outcome was the visual recovery rate. The secondary outcomes were newly
diagnosed cardiovascular factors, concurrent stroke and new-onset cardiovascular events.

Results:
A total of 74 RAO patients were included. The median age was 54 years, and 67.6% were male. 42
(56.8%) patients were admitted to the neurology department and 32 (43.2%) to the ophthalmology department.
The visual recovery rate was higher in the neurology department than in the ophthalmology department,
although the difference did not reach statistical significance (27.8 vs. 12.5%, p = 0.120). Risk factor
evaluation and secondary prevention were taken more frequently in the neurology department (p < 0.001).
Cardiovascular risk factors and concurrent stroke were all discovered in the neurology department. However,
the incidence of new-onset cardiovascular events was similar between the two departments.

Conclusions:
The study demonstrated that the visual prognosis of RAO was devastating regardless of the
neurology and ophthalmology department. Given the admission delay, inadequate management, and high
risk of cardiovascular risk factors and stroke, stroke centers should be recommended as initial admission
departments for RAO patients.
Combinatorial Application of Papain and CD66B for Isolating Glioma-
Associated Neutrophils
Authors: Li Wenliang , Jin Xun , Xu Xing , Yang Yongchang , Liu Yancheng , Ge Xianglian , Yi Tailong , Xie Yang , Ning Chunlan , Shen Shengfu , Sun Zengfeng , Zhang Zhen , Zhai Qiongli , Wang Xiaoguang , Meng Xianghui , Dong Jun , Huang Qiang , Yang Xuejun 
Published: October 2022

Background:
Stromal cells in the tumor microenvironment play crucial roles in glioma development.
Current methods for isolating tumor-associated stromal cells (such as neutrophils) are inefficient
due to the conflict between tissue dissociation and cell surface protein protection, which hampers
the research on patient-derived stromal cells. Our study aims to establish a novel method for isolating
glioma-associated neutrophils (GANs).

Method:
To observe neutrophil-like polymorphonuclear cells, we performed Hematoxylin-Eosin
staining on glioma tissues. For isolating single cells from glioma tissues, we evaluated the efficiency of
tissue dissociation with FastPrep Grinder-mediated homogenization or proteases (trypsin or papain)
digestion. To definite specific markers of GANs, fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) and immunofluorescence
staining were performed. FACS and Ficoll were performed for the separation of
neutrophils from glioma tissue-derived single-cell or whole blood pool. To identify the isolated neutrophils,
FACS and RT-PCR were carried out.

Result:
Neutrophil-like cells were abundant in high-grade glioma tissues. Among the three tissue dissociation
methods, papain digestion produced a 5.1-fold and 1.7-fold more living cells from glioma
mass than physical trituration and trypsin digestion, respectively, and it preserved over 97% of neutrophil
surface protein markers. CD66B could be adopted as a unique neutrophil surface protein marker
for FACS sorting in glioma. Glioma-derived CD66B+ cells specifically expressed neutrophil marker
genes.

Conclusion:
A combination of papain-mediated tissue dissociation and CD66B-mediated FACS sorting
is an effective novel method for the isolation of GANs from glioma tissues.
In silico Exploration of the Potential Inhibitory Activity of Novel
Compounds Against Candida albicans N-myristoyltransferase
Authors: Hussain Afzal , Verma Chandan Kumar 
Published: October 2022

Background:
Candida albicans is a fungal species associated with opportunistic fungal infectious
agents in human populations, especially in immunocompromised patients, such as transplant patients,
HIV-positive patients, chemotherapy patients, and low-birth-weight newborns. The death rate for
systemic Candida illnesses ranges from 29 to 76 percent. Only a few medications are available to treat
them, such as amphotericin B, fluconazole, terbinafine, and caspofungin, which have adverse reactions
and are harmful.

Objective:
The goal of this research is to apply specialized bioinformatics approaches, such as molecular
docking, scaffold hopping, virtual screening, pharmacophore modeling, and molecular dynamics (MD)
simulation, to discover possibly novel and potent therapeutic drug candidates against Candida albicans in
a shorter period and at a low cost.

Methods:
MDPI, MayBridge, Hitfinder, Mcule library, SQLite Database, DrugBank, ZINC, and NCI
database were used to perform pharmacophore modeling, scaffold hopping, virtual screening, docking,
and ADMET characteristics study against NMT. The molecular dynamics simulations for the best ten
docked protein-ligand complexes were examined to determine the stability of protein-ligand interactions
during a 200 ns simulation period, demonstrating their potential for lead molecule production via more
improvement and experimental verification.

Results:
We have identified that compounds DB01940 ((3R,4R)-3-(4-hydroxybenzamido)azepan-4-yl 4-
(2-hydroxybenzoyl)benzoate), DB01772 (3-(3-{[(2S)-2,3-dihydroxypropyl]amino}phenyl)-4-(5-fluoro-1-
methyl-1H-indol-3-yl)-2,5-dihydro-1H-pyrrole-2,5-dione), and NCI5485 (1,3-bis((7-chloro-4-
quinolinyl)amino)-2-propanol) could be more promising Candida albicans NMT inhibitors.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, these compounds have the potential to be effective anti-NMT medicines. The
results demonstrated that our computational technique found some potential and effective NMT inhibitors
that may be tested in clinical trials.
Rhodanine Derivatives as Anticancer Agents: QSAR and Molecular Docking Studies
Authors: Rastija Vesna , Molnar Maja , Lončarić Melita , Opačak-Bernardi Teuta , Glavaš-Obrovac Ljubica 
Published: October 2022

Background:
Rhodanine derivatives have a proven wide range of biological activities.

Objective:
The aim of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxic effect of a series of rhodanine derivatives and investigate
the quantitative structure-activity relationships, as well as binding modes to tyrosine kinase.

Conclusion:
Rhodanine derivatives could be developed as novel tyrosine kinase inhibitors in the treatment of leukemia.

Methods:
Cytotoxic effect on cell proliferation (CaCo-2, HeLa, MDCK-1, Hut-78, K562) in vitro was evaluated by the
MTT viability assay. QSAR analysis was performed with Dragon descriptors using QSARINS software. Molecular
docking was performed on the tyrosin kinase (c-Src) (PDB ID: 3G6H) using iGEMDOCK.

Results:
Compounds with the best inhibiting activity toward all cell lines were the ones possessing only one group in
the C2 of the phenyl ring. QSAR study on the cytotoxic activity against Human T cell lymphoma achieved the model
that satisfies the fitting and internal cross-validation criteria (R2 = 0.75; Q2
LOO = 0.64). Descriptors included in the model
(MATS2e, MATs7e, RDF060p) revealed the importance of the presence of atoms with higher polarizability in the
outer region of molecules. The findings of the molecular docking study performed on the c-Src are in accordance with
the results of the QSAR study. The key interactions with binding site residues were achieved through oxygen atoms
from phenoxy and rhodanine groups and rhodanine sulphur atoms.
Composition Analysis of Salsola grandis and Its Effects on Colon Cancer Cells
Authors: Şirin Seda , Dursun Hatice Gül , Güneş Canan Eroğlu 
Published: October 2022

Background:
The success of drug treatment of colon cancer (CC), which is in the top three in terms of incidence
and mortality among all cancers, is adversely affected by reasons, such as severe side effects and chemoresistance.
Clinical, epidemiological and experimental studies have indicated the need for developing new alternative
drugs for the treatment of CC. Plants are an important source of traditional medicines that have proven to be highly
beneficial for the treatment of CC.

Aim:
In this study, we aimed to reveal the antioxidant properties and anti-carcinogenic activity of Salsola grandis
methanol extract (SGME) on HT-29.

Methods:
For this purpose, we used spectrophotometric methods to determine the antioxidant properties of SGME and
LC-MS/MS analysis to measure the phenolic acid composition. We applied 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl
tetrazolium bromide, the thiazolyl blue (MTT) method, to evaluate its effects on cell viability and ELISA assay, realtime
PCR, and western blot method to reveal its effects on apoptosis.

Results:
Spectrophotometric analyzes showed that SGME has the highest phenolic acid content, inhibits plasma lipid
peroxidation and shows chelating activity and radical scavenging activity. Gene and protein expression analysis revealed
the effects of SGME treatment on apoptosis genes/proteins.

Conclusion:
These findings showed that SGME has anticarcinogenic activity on CC due to its antioxidant, cell viability-
suppressing and apoptosis-inducing properties.
A Summary of Parameter Tuning of Active Disturbance Rejection
Controller
Authors: Gao Bingwei , Zheng Lintao , Shen Wei , Zhang Wei 
Published: October 2022

Background:
ADRC (active disturbance rejection controller) technology is a new practical
technology that does not rely on the mathematical model of the controlled object and has strong
robustness. It integrates the essence of modern control theory and classical proportion integral derivative
theory and has good engineering application prospects. But with the research and development
of the adaptive disturbance rejection controller, the problem of many parameters and the difficulty
to adjust also arises.

Objective:
To act as a guide for future studies on the enhancement of ADRC parameter setting, to
support the growth of ADRC technology, and to promote the effective use of the technology in other
control fields.

Method:
The basic concepts and principles of ADRC control, the research methodologies for
ADRC parameter tuning, and the research progress for ADRC parameter tuning in each direction
are all introduced in this paper. The benefits and drawbacks of each method are then compiled, and
a potential course of future development is suggested. This information is expected to serve as a
guide for future studies on the enhancement of ADRC parameter tuning.

Conclusion:
The parameter tuning of the ADRC is a complex adjustment process. At present, the
mainstream parameter tuning methods include the empirical method, the bandwidth method, the
intelligent algorithm tuning method, and the time scale tuning method. Among them, the empirical
method demands the debugging personnel to adjust conform to the accumulated experience, and the
adjustment process is cumbersome; The bandwidth method needs to go through a lot of tedious calculations
to determine the control parameters according to the model of the system, and the generality
is poor; and the use of intelligent algorithms to tune ADRC parameters has become the most
widely used method for tuning parameters.
Linking Social Anxiety and Depression: The Role of Metacognitive
Beliefs and Anhedonia
Authors: Hermann Ezra , Rai Aditi , Tewari Amisha , Kopyto Sarah , Castellanos Kayla , Barahmand Usha 
Published: October 2022

Aim and background:
This study aims to examine mechanisms that may account for the comorbidity between social anxiety and depression.

Objective:
We hypothesized that maladaptive metacognitions and anhedonia would serially mediate the link between social anxiety and depression.

Method:
We tested this notion by collecting data from 208 international, English speaking participants ranging from the ages of 18 to 65 years old using the Social Interaction Anxiety Scale (SIAS), Self-Assessment Anhedonia Scale (SAAS), Patient’s Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), and Metacognition Questionnaire (MCQ-30).

Results and Discussion:
The results show a significant serial mediation effect from social anxiety via beliefs about uncontrollability and danger and anhedonia to depression, with the pathway from social anxiety via reduced beliefs in cognitive confidence and anhedonia to depression not being significant. Furthermore, a direct path from social anxiety to depression was also significant.

Conclusions:
Findings provide support for both the tripartite model and the self-regulatory executive function model of anxiety and depression. While the findings imply the contributions of other mediating variables, they also indicate that metacognitive therapy with additional focus on anhedonia could be effective in preventing the development of depression.
Recent advances in enzymatic fat splitting- has the time come for wide industrial plant implementation?
Authors:   Novozymes AS, Holm Hans Christian 
Published: October 2022

More than 200 oils and fats processing plants Worldwide now use enzyme solutions to improve process yield and product qualities. Enzyme processing is now the state-of-the-art process for making biodiesel from high FFA feed stock, for improving carbon footprint and product quality of palm kernel methanol esters for physically and chemically refining of vegetable oils and for production of interesterified specialty and bulk fat. Building on the successful learning from the wide enzyme usage we expect that the time has come to implement enzyme solutions for fat splitting, not just for small specialty products, but for a wide range of substrates. Recent advances from our laboratory work will be presented, key in the development work has been to optimize enzyme performance to a stage were enzymatic fat splitting not only deliver improved products, but this at cost in use competitive to thermal or chemical fat split.