bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The centrality of Africa in Lenin’s theory of imperialism
Authors: Pateman Joe 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT
Lenin’s Marxist theories have aided both African anti-imperialist struggles and the study of African political economy. Recently, however, some scholars have reinvigorated the postcolonial critique of Marxism as a Eurocentric doctrine, one that misunderstands and marginalises Africa and its peoples. Following Cedric Robinson, several analysts mention Lenin alongside Marx and Engels as a founder of Eurocentric Marxism. This article, by contrast, argues that Lenin displayed a deep concern for Africa, one that was fundamentally non-Eurocentric. Lenin researched Africa extensively in his Notebooks on imperialism. Upon the basis of this research, Lenin placed Africa at the centre of his analysis in Imperialism: the highest stage of capitalism. It is impossible to understand the insights of Lenin’s theory of imperialism without appreciating Africa’s centrality within it. Although Lenin displayed the racist views of Africa that dominated his era, these were marginal in his thought. Lenin militantly opposed colonialism and supported African independence.
Structural correlation to ferroelectric order, non-Griffiths like phase and magnetocaloric effect in YbCrO4
Authors: Indra A , Mukherjee S , Gutowski O , Zimmermann M v , Majumdar S , Giri S 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
We report a ferroelectric order around ∼99 K (T
FE), which is considerably above the long range ferrimagnetic order at 25 K (T

N
). The value of saturation electric polarization is considerable as ∼570 μC m−2 for a poling field of 5 kV cm−1. The ferroelectric order is associated with a significant magnetoelectric coupling below ∼90 K. A weak signature of T
FE is observed in the dielectric constant, which is associated with a linear magnetodielectric response at 18 K

(

<

T

N

)

. A transition to a polar structure has been correlated with the occurrence of ferroelectric order. A non-Griffiths like phase is observed around ∼48 K, which is also linked with the structural distortion. A reasonable value of the magnetic entropy change of 5.07 J Kg−1 K−1 is noted at T

N
for a change in field of 50 kOe, which involves a strong magnetoelastic coupling. The results indicate considerable structural instabilities, which is linked with the observed multifunctional properties of YbCrO4.
Gigabar shock wave driven by laser-accelerated electron stream
Authors: Gus’kov S Yu , Kuchugov P A , Yakhin R A , Zmitrenko N V 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Theoretical and computational results for the generation of a powerful shock wave with pressure behind the front exceeding a gigabar level in the half-space of a solid when the boundary layer is heated by a flux of laser-accelerated electrons are presented. The influence of the energy flux density of the heating stream, the characteristic initial energy and the electron spectrum on the characteristics of the shock wave is investigated. The main attention is paid to the generation of an extremely powerful shockwave, which can be applied in experiments to study the equation of state of matter. For this, the requirements for the parameters of a laser pulse that can ensure the propagation of a plane shock wave with a gigabar pressure when a substance is heated by a beam of laser-accelerated fast electrons, taking into account its divergence, are established. It is shown that one of the features of the propagation of a shock wave under the impact of a thermal piston heated by fast electrons consists in the radiation cooling of the peripheral region of the substance covered by the shock wave. An increase in the compression of matter due to radiation cooling leads to a multiple increase in the density of matter in the peripheral region of the shock wave compared to the density at its front. The final result of this work is to substantiate the use of shock waves driven by a beam of laser-accelerated electrons in a laboratory experiment to study the properties of matter, in particular, metals compressed to a density of several tens of g cc−1 under the action of gigabar pressure.
Singular spectrum analysis and fuzzy entropy-based damage detection on a thin aluminium plate by using PZTs
Authors: Song Huijun , Xiang Ming , Lu Guangtao , Wang Tao 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In this research, a new method based on singular spectrum analysis (SSA) and fuzzy entropy is developed for damage detection on thin wall-like structures, and the normalized fuzzy entropy is employed as an indicator to identify the severity of the damage. The lead zirconate titanate (PZT) transducers are used in this research to generate and detect the Lamb waves. During the detection, the collected signals from the PZT sensors are firstly decomposed and reconstructed by SSA to extract the feature of the damage, and then the reconstructed signals with the feature of the damage are processed to obtain the normalized fuzzy entropy. An experimental setup of an aluminium plate with added magnets is fabricated to validate the proposed method. The experimental results show that when magnets are attached on the aluminium plate, the normalized fuzzy entropy is smaller than that when there are no magnets. That is because when magnets are placed on the plate, the movement and some vibration modes of Lamb waves are disturbed by the added magnets and this disturbing effect can be enhanced by increasing the number and locations of the added magnets, and eventually the complexity and nonlinearity of the waves are weakened. The experimental results of a single damage with different number of magnets indicate that the normalized fuzzy entropy decreases linearly as the number of the added magnets increases, which demonstrates that the proposed method can be used to detect the severity of the damage. Moreover, the experimental results of multi-damage on different locations indicate that the normalized fuzzy entropy is relevant with both the total number and locations of the added magnets. The normalized fuzzy entropy decreases linearly as the total number of the magnets increases, and the entropy of a single damage is smaller than that of the multi-damage with the same total number of magnets, which demonstrates that the proposed method also can be used for multi-damage detection on a thin plate. This study provides us a new approach to identifying a single or multiple damages on thin wall-like structures.
48 V input rad-hard DCDC converters for HEP experiments: development and results
Authors: Antoszczuk P. , Michelis S. , Ripamonti G. , Saggini S. , Iob F. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Two new radiation-hard DCDC converters are in development, which tolerate a higher input voltage (up to 48 V) and provide a larger output power compared to existing solutions. They are called bPOL48V and rPOL48V, and they employ gallium nitride devices. bPOL48V can provide 10 A of output current with better than 90% efficiency and is close to production readiness, while rPOL48V is in an early stage of development and is designed to provide larger output current with better power density. A linear regulator called linPOL48V, able step down the voltage from up to 48 V with maximum output current of 200 mA has also been designed and tested.
The LSPE-Strip feed horn array
Authors: Franceschet C. , Del Torto F. , Villa F. , Realini S. , Bongiolatti R. , Peverini O.A. , Pezzotta F. , Viganó D.M. , Addamo G. , Bersanelli M. , Cavaliere F. , Cuttaia F. , Gervasi M. , Mennella A. , Morgante G. , Taylor A.C. , Virone G. , Zannoni M. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In this paper we discuss the design, manufacturing and
characterization of the feed horn array of the Strip instrument of
the Large Scale Polarization Explorer (LSPE) experiment. Strip is a
microwave telescope, operating in the Q- and W-band, for the
observation of the polarized emissions from the sky in a large
fraction (about 37%) of the Northern hemisphere with sub-degree
angular resolution. The Strip focal plane is populated by forty-nine
Q-band and six W-band corrugated horns, each feeding a cryogenically
cooled polarimeter for the detection of the Stokes Q and U
components of the polarized signal from the sky. The Q-band channel
is designed to accurately monitor Galactic polarized synchrotron
emission, while the combination of Q- and W-band will allow the
study of atmospheric effects at the observation site, the
Observatorio del Teide, in Tenerife. In this paper we focus on the
development of the Strip corrugated feed horns, including design
requirements, engineering and manufacturing, as well as detailed
characterization and performance verification.
Biomimicking interfacial fracture behavior of lizard tail autotomy with soft microinterlocking structures
Authors: Baban Navajit S , Orozaliev Ajymurat , Stubbs Christopher J , Song Yong-Ak 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Biological soft interfaces often exhibit complex microscale interlocking geometries to ensure sturdy and flexible connections. If needed, the interlocking can rapidly be released on demand leading to an abrupt decrease of interfacial adhesion. Here, inspired by lizard tail autotomy where such apparently tunable interfacial fracture behavior can be observed, we hypothesized an interlocking mechanism between the tail and body based on the muscle-actuated mushroom-shaped microinterlocks along the fracture planes. To mimic the fracture behavior of the lizard tail, we developed a soft bilayer patch that consisted of a dense array of soft hemispherical microstructures in the upper layer acting as mechanical interlocks with the counter body part. The bottom control layer contained a microchannel that allowed to deflect the upper layer when applying the negative pressure, thus mimicking muscle contraction. In the microinterlocked condition, the biomimetic tail demonstrated a 2.7-fold and a three-fold increase in adhesion strength and toughness, respectively, compared to the pneumatically released microinterlocks. Furthermore, as per the computational analysis, the subsurface microchannel in the control layer enabled augmented adhesion by rendering the interface more compliant as a dissipative matrix, decreasing contact opening and strain energy dissipation by 50%. The contrasting features between the microinterlocked and released cases demonstrated a highly tunable adhesion of our biomimetic soft patch. The potential applications of our study are expected in soft robotics and prosthetics.
A biomimetic remora disc with tunable, reversible adhesion for surface sliding and skimming
Authors: Wang Siqi , Li Lei , Zhao Wei , Zhang Yiyuan , Wen Li 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Remora suckerfish (Echeneis naucrates) can perform skimming and sliding motions on the surfaces of moving hosts to optimize adhesion positions. We found that remora achieve skimming and sliding motions through coordinated movement of the suction disc’s lamellae and lip locomotion through live animal observations. We implemented an integrated biomimetic remora suction disc based on morphological and kinematic data of biological remoras. With soft actuators enabling ‘compression–rotation’ and ‘compression–extension’, the biomimetic disc controls the disc lip and lamellar movement under driving with only one degree of freedom, and can switch freely between three states: zero, low-friction, and robust adhesion. Then we investigate the effects of the biomimetic suction-disc soft-lip material, preload, and lamellar movement on the tangential friction force (both forward and backward) under different adhesion states. This biomimetic suction disc with a low-modulus soft lip can adhere to a smooth surface under 0.1 N preload and achieve normal adhesion-force and tangential frictional-force control ranges spanning ∼10−1 to ∼102 N and ∼10−1 to ∼101 N, respectively. The results reveal how remora disc achieved fast, tunable adhesion for skimming and sliding on surfaces. Furthermore, we demonstrate a bio-inspired robot capable of attachment, detachment, skimming, and sliding motions with the aiding of simple biomimetic pectoral-fin flapping. This study lays a foundation for future integrated applications of underwater adhesion robots and related biomechanical exploration.
Linear-branched poly(β-amino esters)/DNA nano-polyplexes for effective gene transfection and neural stem cell differentiation
Authors: Cao Yuheng , He Haobo , Cao Kaili , Liu Yongyang , Huang Dehua , Li Tuanwei , Chen Guangcun 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Controllable regulation of stem cell differentiation is a critical concern in stem cell-based regenerative medicine. In particular, there are still great challenges in controlling the directional differentiation of neural stem cells (NSCs) into neurons. Herein, we developed a novel linear-branched poly(β-amino esters) (S4-TMPTA-BDA-DT, STBD) through a two-step reaction. The synthesized linear-branched polymers possess multiple positively charged amine terminus and degradable intermolecular ester bonds, thus endowing them with excellent properties such as high gene load, efficient gene delivery, and effective gene release and transcription in cells. In the mCherry transfection test, a high transfection efficiency of approximately 70% was achieved in primary NSCs after a single transfection. Moreover, STBD also showed high biocompatibility to NSCs without disturbing their viability and neural differentiation. With the high gene delivery property, STBD is capable of delivering siRNA (shSOX9) expression plasmid into NSCs to significantly interfere with the expression of SOX9, thus enhancing the neuronal differentiation and maturation of NSCs. The STBD/DNA nano-polyplex represents a powerful non-viral approach of gene delivery for manipulating the differentiation of stem cells, showing broad application prospects in NSC-based regenerative therapy for treating neurodegenerative diseases.
Biosafety evaluation of Li2Si2O5 whisker-reinforced glass-ceramics
Authors: Liu Xiaoming , Yan Jingyu , Wu Xiuping , Wu Xiao , Zhang Yanjie , Li Bing 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Lithium disilicate (Li2Si2O5) glass-ceramic is a commonly used dental ceramic material. In this study, Li2Si2O5 whiskers were prepared by the hydrothermal method, mixed with Li2Si2O5 glass powders, and Li2Si2O5 whisker-reinforced glass-ceramics were prepared by reaction sintering. The biosafety of the new Li2Si2O5 glass-ceramics were evaluated by in vitro cytotoxicity, hemolysis, oral mucosal irritation, acute systemic toxicity, and subacute systemic toxicity (oral route) tests according to ISO 7405/ISO 10993 standards. The cytotoxicity test results showed that the cell growth of the experimental group was good, and the cell number and morphology were not significantly different from those of the blank group (P> 0.05). The toxicity grading for both experimental and blank control groups were 0. The hemolysis rate of the material was 1.25%, which indicated that it did not cause hemolytic reaction. The material was non-irritating to the oral mucosa. In acute systemic toxicity test, animals in the experimental group showed increased body weight, moved freely, with no signs of poisoning. The food utilization rate and relative growth rate (change of the weight) of rats in the subacute systemic toxicity test were not statistically different from those of the control group (P > 0.05). Preliminary evaluation of the biosafety of the Li2Si2O5 whisker-reinforced glass-ceramics showed that it met the existing regulatory standards, and further biosafety experiments can be conducted, following which the material may be expected to be applied in clinical practice.
Lie and Leibniz algebras of lower-degree conservation laws
Authors: Elfimov Boris M , Sharapov Alexey A 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
A relationship between the asymptotic and lower-degree conservation laws in (non-) linear gauge theories is considered. We show that the true algebraic structure underlying asymptotic charges is that of Leibniz rather than Lie. The Leibniz product is defined through the derived bracket construction for the natural Poisson brackets and the BRST differential. Only in particular, though not rare, cases that the Poisson brackets of lower-degree conservation laws vanish modulo central charges, the corresponding Leibniz algebra degenerates into a Lie one. The general construction is illustrated by two standard examples: Yang–Mills theory and Einstein’s gravity.
Particle creation and annihilation in an exclusion process on networks
Authors: Gupta Ankita , Gupta Arvind Kumar 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
To mimic the complex transport-like collective phenomena in a man-made or natural system, we study an open network junction model of totally asymmetric simple exclusion process with bulk particle attachment and detachment. The stationary system properties such as particle density, phase transitions, and phase diagrams are derived theoretically utilising the mean field approach. The steady-state phases have been categorized into various sub-classes based upon the phase transitions occurring across the junction. It is found that the number of steady-state phases depends on the number of incoming and outgoing segments at the junction. Further, an increase in the particle non-conserving rates significantly affects the topology of the phase diagram, and the number of stationary phases changes in a non-monotonic way. For both the case of equal and unequal incoming and outgoing segments, the critical values of non-conserving rates at which the topology of the phase diagram changes are identified. The theoretical results are validated using extensive Monte Carlo simulations.
Second-order statistics of fermionic Gaussian states
Authors: Huang Youyi , Wei Lu 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
We study the statistical behavior of entanglement in quantum bipartite systems over fermionic Gaussian states as measured by von Neumann entropy and entanglement capacity. The focus is on the variance of von Neumann entropy and the mean entanglement capacity that belong to the so-defined second-order statistics. The main results are the exact yet explicit formulas of the two considered second-order statistics for fixed subsystem dimension differences. We also conjecture the exact variance of von Neumann entropy valid for arbitrary subsystem dimensions. Based on the obtained results, we analytically study the numerically observed phenomena of Gaussianity of von Neumann entropy and linear growth of average capacity.
Breath collection protocol for SARS-CoV-2 testing in an ambulatory setting
Authors: Myers Renelle , Ruskiewicz Dorota , Meister Austin , Sukhinder Atkar Khattra , Bartolomeu Crista , Thomas Paul , Lam Stephen 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Background. The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic changed the way the society functioned. The race to develop a rapid, non-invasive, widely available test resulted in multiple studies examining the potential of breath to be that ‘game changing test’. Breath sampling is a non-invasive point of care test, but SAR-CoV-2 has introduced a level of danger into collection and analysis that requires a change in workflow to keep staff and participants safe. We developed a SARS-CoV 2 breath test work flow for collection and processing of breath samples in an ambulatory care setting and prospectively evaluated the protocol. Protocol development included testing the effect of respiratory filters on the integrity and reproducibility of breath samples. Methods. Prospective, observational study conducted at community COVID-19 testing sites, collecting breath samples from patients presenting for RT-PCR testing. Breath was collected via Tedlar®, and/or BioVOC-2™ as well as an environmental sample for all participants. Samples were transferred to Tenex tubes, dry purged and analyzed using a Centri automated sample introduction machine, GC, and a Bench-ToF-HD. Results. We successfully collected and processed 528 breath samples from 393 participants at community-based ambulatory COVID-19 test sites. The majority of samples were collected before vaccines were available and throughout the emergence of the Delta Variant. No staff member was infected. Conclusion. We demonstrated a safe workflow for the collection, handling, transport, storage, and analysis of breath samples during the pandemic collecting highly infectious SARS-CoV-2 positive breath samples. This was done without filters as they added complexity to the breath matrix, jeopardizing the sample integrity.
Rehabilitation strategy for mangrove ecotourism development in Tanjung Burung, Tangerang
Authors: Yaeni T , Yulianda F , Yulianto G 
Published: January 2022

AbstractMangrove ecotourism is a tourism concept that pays attention to the sustainability of natural resources and the environment as the main tourist object. This study aims to design a mangrove rehabilitation strategy based on a potential analysis of the mangrove ecosystem’s suitability and carrying capacity for ecotourism development. The study was conducted from February to March 2020 in Tanjung Burung Village, Teluk Naga District, Tangerang Regency. The data analysis uses tourism suitability index (TSI) processed by spatial analysis tool and area carrying capacity (RCC). Tanjung Burung mangrove ecotourism has an ecotourism potential of 28 ha, with tracking of 2859 m, this can happen if the entire area is planted with mangroves and can grow well. The potential of mangrove ecotourism based on it carrying capacity is 229 people/day considering the length of the trip for each visitor is 4 hours for 8 operational hours per day. The strategy for the rehabilitation of mangrove ecosystems is to analyze the characteristics of damage and mangrove habitats, repair seawater irrigation systems, and plant mangrove vegetation
Antioxidant activities of acetone extract of Sargassum polycystum from different parts of Thallus
Authors: Santoso J , Khasanah K , Tarman K , Sumandiarsa I K 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBrown algaSargassum polycystumin Indonesian waters is relatively abundant, and several studies show that brown alga has more antioxidant activity than red and green algae. Analysis of active compounds in the alga is generally carried out as a whole of macroalga thallus. This research was carried out to study the effect of thallus parts, namely basal, middle, and apical, on the antioxidant activity and fucoxanthin content in acetone extract ofS.polycystum. The results determined the best part of the thallus as a producer of antioxidant compounds. The extraction was performed by an ultrasonic-assisted method using 90% acetone. The basal part contained the highest fucoxanthin of 1.00±0.025 mg/kg, while the most increased antioxidant activity was in the apical part of 65.78±5.31 μg/mL for the antioxidant activity of2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH) method, 383.19±8.81 μmol ascorbic acid/g for the antioxidant activity of thecupric reducing antioxidant capacity(CUPRAC) method, and 964.75±3.91 μmol Fe2+/g for the antioxidant activity of theferric reducing antioxidant power(FRAP) method. This study shows antioxidant activity had a negative correlation with the fucoxanthin content. It is concluded that fucoxanthin was not the major contributor to an antioxidant activity acetone extract ofS. polycystumthallus.