bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Calcium and magnesium supplementation of ewes grazing pasture did not improve lamb survival
Authors: Robertson Susan M. , McGrath Shawn R. , Scarlett Samuel , Bhanugopan Marie , Hocking Edwards Janelle E. , Winslow Emma , Hancock Serina , Thompson Andrew N. , Refshauge Gordon , Friend Michael A. 
Published: August 2022

Context Clinical deficiencies of calcium and magnesium may result in the metabolic disorders hypocalcaemia and hypomagnesaemia, resulting in ewe and lamb mortality. However, the contribution of subclinical deficiencies to perinatal lamb mortality in grazing flocks is unclear. Aims To test the hypothesis that calcium and magnesium supplementation during the lambing period would increase lamb survival to marking age. Methods In 2017, an on-farm study used five flocks across New South Wales, South Australia and Western Australia. On each farm, twin-bearing mature Merino ewes (n = 400–600) grazing pasture were allocated to two replicates of control and supplemented treatments. The supplemented groups were offered 30 g/ewe per day of a loose lick containing magnesium chloride (MgCl2(H2O)6), calcium sulfate (CaSO4·(H2O)2, and salt (NaCl), in the ratio 12.5:32.5:55.0, designed to have a low dietary cation–anion difference (−390 meq/100 g). A second study was conducted in 2018 on one farm to test the form of supplement. This study used two replicates of three treatments: control; a low-dietary cation–anion difference supplement as used in 2017; and a standard lime, Causmag (calcined MgO) and salt loose mix (ratio 1:1:1). Mature twin-bearing composite ewes (n = 600) were allocated to groups and those supplemented were offered minerals for the last month of pregnancy and during the lambing period. Blood and urine samples were collected in both experiments for analyses of mineral concentrations. Key results In the 2017 study, only two flocks consumed >10 g/ewe of supplement per day, and supplementation did not increase lamb survival to marking age in these flocks. In the 2018 study, the mean consumption of supplement was 18 or 20 g/ewe per day. Of non-supplemented ewes, 61% were deficient in plasma calcium (≤90 mg/L) and 17% were deficient in magnesium (≤18 mg/L) at Day 140 after the start of joining. Lamb survival was not increased by supplementation and was 77 ± 3.8% in both treatments. Conclusions Calcium and magnesium supplementation did not increase lamb survival. Implications Lamb survival was not increased by calcium and magnesium supplementation; however, evaluation under a wider range of grazing conditions with adequate supplement intake is required.
Harboured cation/proton antiporters modulate stress response to integrated heat and salt via up-regulating
Authors: Kahraman Nihal , Pehlivan Necla 
Published: August 2022

Recent research has pointed to improved salt tolerance by co-overexpression of Arabidopsis thaliana NHX1 (Na+/H+ antiporter) and SOS1 (Salt Overly Sensitive1). However, functionality under salt stress accompanying heat is less understood in double transgenics. To further advance possible co-operational interactions of AtNHX1 (N) and AtSOS1 (S) under combined stress, modulation of osmolyte, redox, energy, and abscisic acid metabolism genes was analysed. The expression of the target BIP3, KIN1, GOLS1, OHP2, and CYCA3;2 in transgenic Arabidopsis seedlings were significantly regulated towards a dramatic suppression by ionic, osmotic, and heat stresses. AtNHX1 and AtSOS1 co-overexpression (NS) outpaced the single transgenics and control in terms of membrane disorganisation and the electrolyte leakage of the cell damage caused by heat and salt stress in seedlings. While NaCl slightly induced CYCA3;2 in transgenics, combined stress up-regulated KIN1 and GOLS1, not other genes. Single N and S transgenics overexpressing AtNHX1 and AtSOS1 only appeared similar in their growth and development; however, different to WT and NS dual transgenics under heat + salt stress. Seed germination, cotyledon survival, and hypocotyl length were less influenced by combined stress in NS double transgenic lines than in single N and S and wild type. Stress combination caused significant reprogramming of gene expression profiles, mainly towards downregulation, possibly as a trade-off strategy. Analysing phenotypic, cellular, and transcriptional responses regulating growth facets of tolerant transgenic genotypes may support the ongoing efforts to achieve combined salt and heat tolerance.
USP13 promotes deubiquitination of ZHX2 and tumorigenesis in kidney cancer
Authors: Xie Haibiao , Zhou Jin , Liu Xijuan , Xu Yawei , Hepperla Austin J. , Simon Jeremy M. , Wang Tao , Yao Hongwei , Liao Chengheng , Baldwin Albert S. , Gong Kan , Zhang Qing 
Published: August 2022

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is characterized by the loss of tumor suppressor Von Hippel Lindau (VHL) function. VHL is the component of an E3 ligase complex that promotes the ubiquitination and degradation of hypoxia inducible factor α (HIF-α) (including HIF1α and HIF2α) and Zinc Fingers And Homeoboxes 2 (ZHX2). Our recent research showed that ZHX2 contributed to ccRCC tumorigenesis in a HIF-independent manner. However, it is still unknown whether ZHX2 could be modified through deubiquitination even in the absence of pVHL. Here, we performed a deubiquitinase (DUB) complementary DNA (cDNA) library binding screen and identified USP13 as a DUB that bound ZHX2 and promoted ZHX2 deubiquitination. As a result, USP13 promoted ZHX2 protein stability in an enzymatically dependent manner, and depletion of USP13 led to ZHX2 down-regulation in ccRCC. Functionally,USP13depletion led to decreased cell proliferation measured by two-dimensional (2D) colony formation and three-dimensional (3D) anchorage-independent growth. Furthermore, USP13 was essential for ccRCC tumor growth in vivo, and the effect was partially mediated by its regulation on ZHX2. Our findings support that USP13 may be a key effector in ccRCC tumorigenesis.
Different classes of genomic inserts contribute to human antibody diversity
Authors: Lebedin Mikhail , Foglierini Mathilde , Khorkova Svetlana , Vázquez García Clara , Ratswohl Christoph , Davydov Alexey N. , Turchaninova Maria A. , Daubenberger Claudia , Chudakov Dmitriy M. , Lanzavecchia Antonio , de la Rosa Kathrin 
Published: August 2022

Recombination of antibody genes in B cells can involve distant genomic loci and contribute a foreign antigen-binding element to form hybrid antibodies with broad reactivity forPlasmodium falciparum. So far, antibodies containing the extracellular domain of the LAIR1 and LILRB1 receptors represent unique examples of cross-chromosomal antibody diversification. Here, we devise a technique to profile non-VDJ elements from distant genes in antibody transcripts. Independent of the preexposure of donors to malaria parasites, non-VDJ inserts were detected in 80% of individuals at frequencies of 1 in 104to 105B cells. We detected insertions in heavy, but not in light chain or T cell receptor transcripts. We classify the insertions into four types depending on the insert origin and destination: 1) mitochondrial and 2) nuclear DNA inserts integrated at VDJ junctions; 3) inserts originating from telomere proximal genes; and 4) fragile sites incorporated between J-to-constant junctions. The latter class of inserts was exclusively found in memory and in in vitro activated B cells, while all other classes were already detected in naïve B cells. More than 10% of inserts preserved the reading frame, including transcripts with signs of antigen-driven affinity maturation. Collectively, our study unravels a mechanism of antibody diversification that is layered on the classical V(D)J and switch recombination.
Study on Interaction Analysis Method between Fog Drops and Tree Trunk Surface for Precision Pesticide Application by Plant Protection UAV
Authors: Jia Yalan , Xiong Wei , Luo Bo , Wang Yue , Liu Shujie , Cheng Ming 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In order to improve pesticide application efficiency and reduce environmental pollution, precise pesticide application has become the core concept of forestry pest control. In this paper, based on the precise target research requirements of the pesticide liquid of plant protection UAV, the VOF model of droplet impact was established. The two-phase flow model was used to simulate the three processes (contact, spread and contraction) of droplet impact on bark, and analyse the state of droplet impact on bark surface at different speeds and heights. Through the study, the behaviour state of fog droplets in different conditions can be obtained, which can maximize the use of liquid medicine, reduce environmental pollution, and provide a new research method for fog droplets deposition on tree trunk surface.
Modification and Optimization of Cylindrical Blade of Dredge Pump Based on CFD
Authors: Zhuang Haifei , Liu Mingming , Guo Tao 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The 3500 m3/h series cutter suction dredger pump adopts cylindrical blade impeller with low efficiency and serious wear of impeller channel; The twisted blade is optimized by conformal transformation method, and the blade wrap angle is increased by 75°; The efficiency of dredge pump with twisted blades is increased by 9% compared with cylindrical blades when the flow is 8000-12000 m3/h; The relative velocity nephogram shows that the twisted blade eliminates the vortex in the impeller channel and improves the flow field; Through the erosion simulation analysis of solid-liquid two-phase flow, through the surface equalization treatment of the erosion wear of the impeller wall, it is found that the average wear rate of the twisted blades is 19% lower than that of the cylindrical blades, indicating that the wear resistance of the designed twisted blade impeller has been improved and the service life of the dredge pump has been increased.
Modelling and Simulation of Transverse Homogeneity of Slotted Coating Process
Authors: Wang Jianhong , Zhong Yongchao , Li Yubiao , Wang Xiaodong 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Slot coating is a kind of precise coating process, which is widely used in the production of membrane materials. The thickness deviation of coating along the transverse direction is the key index to measure the coating quality. The homogeneity of the transverse distribution of the coating velocity at the exit of the die is the most direct factor leading to the transverse thickness deviation of the coating. To predict the transverse homogeneity of slot coating, a mathematical model for the internal flow field in the die was established, where the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations were used to describe the fluid flow and generalized Newtonian fluid model was used to describe the rheological behaviour of non-Newtonian coating. An efficient explicit splitting algorithm based on finite element method is proposed to solve the model. To verify the effectiveness of the model and the algorithm, the internal flow field of a trapezoidal double cavity die with equal section was simulated. The transverse homogeneity obtained was close to the experimental measured value, which verified the validity of the model. Furthermore, the influence of measuring slot width on the transverse homogeneity of outlet velocity is studied, and the simulation results are consistent with the theoretical expectations.
Simulation Analysis of Double-effect Seawater Desalination System Using Compression Heat Pump
Authors: Xiao Yanping , Yuan Hao , Shen Jiubin , Yan Siyuan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The lack of freshwater resources has become the biggest obstacle to the sustainable development of the world economy with the expansion of population and the impact of climate change. Seawater desalination is recognized as the most effective means to alleviate water scarcity. A double-effect seawater desalination system using compression heat pump is proposed by combining a compression heat pump and a double-effect desalination system. Performances of the proposed system are simulated using Aspen simulation software. Based on the simulation results, the influence of heat pump evaporating/condensing temperature, temperature difference between the two effects and the brine circulation ratio on the system Performance Ratio (PR) and freshwater production are analysed. It is concluded that the value of PR increases but the freshwater production reduces with the increase of evaporating temperature of the heat pump. Both the value of PR and the freshwater production decreases with the condensing temperature of the heat pump. An optimal temperature difference between the two effects exits to get the highest PR and freshwater production for a constant heat pump operation condition. The freshwater production can increase slightly with the increase of the brine circulation ratio. When the mass flow rate of feed seawater is 80kg/h and the evaporation temperature of primary effect evaporator is 40°C, the PR of the system reaches 40.07 with an evaporating/condensing temperature of 20°C/50°C. The freshwater production is 39.76kg/h with an evaporating/condensing temperature of 10°C/50°C.
Numerical Calculation of Solid-Liquid Two-Phase Flow in Open-Design Vortex Pump
Authors: Gao Xiongfa , Shi Weidong , Wang Junhua , Lu Hongzhong , Wang Jiabin , Meng Wanli , Jin Jiamin 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This paper mainly based on the CFD platform, numerical simulation of the internal flow field in the open-design vortex pump under different solid particle concentration and particle size is carried out to explore the flow trajectory characteristics of solid particles in the impeller channel and the lateral cavity, as well as the distribution characteristics of solid particles, and calculate the sliding velocity of particles in the impeller channel. The results show that at different solid particle concentrations, the solid volume fraction f in the front and rear cover plate area of the blade is high and that in the middle area is low; The solid volume fraction f decreases gradually from the working face to the back, and the solid particles are widely distributed in the inlet area. Due to the asymmetry of the volute structure, the particle concentration in the inlet area corresponding to the casing tongue is significantly higher than that in other areas; Due to the existence of circulating flow and through flow, the solid particles are distributed in a circular direction in the lateral cavity, and the particle concentration in the middle region is large; In the impeller area corresponding to the casing tongue, the sliding velocity of solid particles decreases with the increase of particle size, and the sliding velocity values of 0.5mm and 1.0mm particle sizes are close.
Fault Analysis and Elimination of Hydraulic Driving System for Rubber Rig in Coal Mine
Authors: Chen Fenglei 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Aiming at the failure of the rubber wheel drilling rig with unstable walking speed during use, the principle of the walking hydraulic system is introduced, the cause of the failure is analyzed, and the principle of first easy and then difficult, first observation and then dismantling and inspection is followed. According to the output pressure of the differential valve block and the output characteristics of the hydraulic pump, combined with the principle of the hydraulic travel system, it is finally determined that the internal leakage of the differential valve block is the main cause of the failure. After replacing the differential valve block, the fault was eliminated, and the traveling system of the whole machine returned to normal.
Numerical Simulation of Low Frequency Oscillation in an Aeroacoustic Wind Tunnel
Authors: Ma Ruixuan , Li Hu , Han Shuaibin , Wu Conghai , Zhang Shuhai , Wang Xunnian 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The low frequency pressure oscillation in an aeroacoustic wind-tunnel seriously affects the flow quality and acoustic measurement. At present, there are many measures to suppress pressure oscillation, but due to the lack of in-depth understanding of its generation mechanism, these methods are not of general significance. In this paper, based on the open-source software OpenFOAM, the SA-DDES method is used for the unsteady computations for the two-dimensional simplified wind-tunnel model. The steady and unsteady fields inside and outside the jet flow are showed. The computational results show that the nonlinear interaction between the large scale vortices rolled up by the instabilities of the shear layer and the front wall of the collector of the wind-tunnel is the main reason responsible for the low frequency oscillation in an aeroacoustic wind-tunnel. In addition, it is concluded that in the feedback loop path of the excitation-feedback effect, the pressure waves produced by the large scale vortex structures inside the shear layer impinging on the front wall of the collector are reflected by the rear wall of the plenum chamber. The end of the path that the pressure waves travel upstream is where vortex shedding happens, not the nozzle exit.
Numerical Simulation Research on the Effect of the Rotor Passage Cross-Sectional Dimension on the Performance of Gas Wave Ejector
Authors: Zhao Yiming , Feng Qing , Hu Dapeng 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The gas wave ejector (GWE) that utilizes pressure waves to realize the efficient energy transfer between gases has broad application prospects in chemical industry. In this study, the numerical simulation method was used to investigate the influence mechanism and law of the rotor passage height (h), width (w) and aspect ratio (h/w) on the equipment performance. The main conclusions are as follows: Increasing the passage height or width alone within a certain range may help improve the equipment performance, but if the passage width is too large, the sealing time of passage may be too short and the gas expansion may be incomplete, resulting in a significant reduction in performance. When the passage aspect ratio is fixed, the effects of passage width and height on the equipment performance are independent of one another, and the performance is determined by the superposition effect of these two. Within the range of passage cross-sectional area (40mm2~360mm2) investigated in this study, the passage aspect ratio for achieving the best performance is in the range of 0.71~1.6, and the efficiency and ejection rate under the same h/w increase with the increment of the cross-sectional area when h/w≥0.71.
Hydrogen-Oxygen Balance Method is used to Measure Hydrogen Consumption in Fuel Cell Vehicles
Authors: Guo Ting , Li Jun , Wu Shiyu , Wang Fang , Liang Rongliang 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
At present, there are four test methods to measure hydrogen consumption of fuel cell vehicles, namely weight method, pressure method, flow method and current method. During the test process, hydrogen supply outside the vehicle is required, which requires high requirements for operation and testing equipment. This paper presents a method to measure the hydrogen and oxygen concentrations in the tail gas of fuel cell vehicles without changing the vehicle structure, and uses the mass conservation method to evaluate hydrogen consumption. This paper compares and analyzes the data of traditional hydrogen consumption measurement method, introduces the principle and testing method of the new method, and the test results show that the hydrogen and oxygen balance method can accurately evaluate the hydrogen consumption of fuel cell vehicles.
Research on Thermal Balance Test and Evaluation Technology of Fuel Cell Vehicle
Authors: Guo Ting , Jin Xueyan , Liang Rongliang , Wu Shiyu , Nie Zhenyu , Wang Zhijun , Wang Guozhuo , Wang Fang 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Thermal management system is importance to the efficiency and durability of fuel cell vehicles, so related researches are carried out on the thermal balance test and evaluation of fuel cells. Through theoretical and technical analysis, a test and evaluation method of thermal management system applied to various extreme conditions is proposed, and the test and evaluation conditions and evaluation indicators of each system of fuel cell vehicles are formed. In this paper, the thermal balance test results of a fuel cell vehicle are analyzed. The research results show that the thermal balance of fuel cell vehicles under extreme conditions reduces power and increases temperature difference to dissipate heat
Study of NH3-SCR Catalyst Combinations Based on Diesel Engine Exhaust Emission Mechanisms
Authors: Wang Xinyang , Yan Yan , Zhang Cheng 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The overlap between the activity interval of a single catalyst and the exhaust gas temperature interval of several engines is small. In the industry, this problem is solved by increasing catalyst loadings. This has led to a certain amount of raw materials waste and increased catalyst production costs. In this study, Ce-W/Ti was introduced into Cu-SSZ-13 using solid phase grinding to change its activity range. Catalysts with different grinding ratios were subjected to small-sample performance experiments and characterization, and matching samples were selected by combining the results of the experiments with the emission characteristics of the MC07H diesel engine. World harmonized transient cycle (WHTC) and World harmonized steady-state cycle (WHSC) tests were conducted on the engine bench to investigate the causes of NO
x
concentration maxima during diesel engine operation using this catalyst combination strategy. The WHTC and WHSC emissions are 0.2464 and 0.1987 g/kWh. Based on the combined strategy, a performance match with diesel engines can be achieved while reducing the cost by $11/kg compared with the Cu-SSZ-13 catalyst, demonstrating the potential of the process for large-scale applications.
Effect of Alkaline Earth Metals Doping on the Electronic Structure, Magnetic and Optical Properties of g-SiC Monolayer System by First Principles Calculation
Authors: Ma Deming , Wei Hongbin , Shen Yang , Cui Zhen , Li Enling , Zhang Lin 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The band structure, electronic, magnetic, and optical properties of g-SiC monolayers doped with alkaline earth metals (Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, and Ba) are calculated by means of first principles based on density functional theory. Although the intrinsic g-SiC monolayer is nonmagnetic, it shows magnetic properties after doping with alkaline earth metals. The magnetic moments are, in the order of the above-named dopants, 1.583 μ
B, 1817 μ
B, 2.000 μ
B, 2.000 μ
B, and 2.000 μ
B. Charge transfer and the net spin charge occur mainly between the dopant atom and surrounding C atoms. The results show that the conductivity of g-SiC can be greatly improved by doping with alkaline earth metals, a technique that can be applied to the field of semiconductor spintronics. High absorption peaks in the ultraviolet indicate that the material has potential applications in UV optoelectronic devices.
Earthquake Escape Simulator: A System for Disaster Knowledge Popularization
Authors: Li Liuxian , Fang Zhiyang 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
China is a country prone to geological hazards, and it has become especially urgent to improve citizens’ awareness of earthquake safety prevention and escape ability in the effort to protect ourselves from disaster. However, from the effect of the current popular science education, there is still a significant lack of awareness and skills of the masses in emergency risk avoidance and self-rescue. Based on Unity3D game engine, we developed an EES (Earthquake Escape Simulator) disaster knowledge popular science system, a training platform for primary and secondary school students emergency evacuation and escape drills. The system is interspersed with the emergency and medical knowledge of self-rescue and rescue of others, so the earthquake disaster knowledge is imperceptibly popularized to the players in a situational way.