bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ACL reconstruction with femoral and tibial adjustable versus fixed-loop suspensory fixation: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Schützenberger Sebastian , Keller F. , Grabner S. , Kontic D. , Schallmayer D. , Komjati M. , Fialka C. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Cortical suspensory fixation (CSF) devices gain more and more popularity as a reliable alternative to interference screws for graft fixation in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. Adjustable-loop fixation may be associated with increased anterior laxity and inferior clinical outcome. The purpose of the study was to compare anterior laxity and clinical outcome after minimally invasive all-inside ACL reconstruction using an adjustable-loop (AL) to a standard technique with a fixed-loop (FL) CSF device.

Methods
Patients who underwent primary single-bundle ACL reconstruction with a quadrupled hamstring autograft at a single institution between 2012 and 2016 were reviewed. In the AL group minimally invasive popliteal tendon harvesting was performed with an all-inside approach (femoral and tibial sockets). In the FL group a traditional anteromedial approach was used for tendon harvesting and a femoral socket and full tibial tunnel were drilled. An objective clinical assessment was performed with Telos x-rays and the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) Objective Score. Patient-reported outcomes (PRO) included the IKDC Subjective Score, the Lysholm Knee Score, the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Score (KOOS) and the Tegner Activity Scale.

Results
A total of 67 patients were enrolled in this retrospective study with a mean follow-up of 4 (± 1.5) years. The groups were homogenous at baseline regarding age, gender, and the time to surgery. At follow-up, no statistically significant differences were found regarding anterior laxity (AL: 2.3 ± 3 mm vs. FL: 2.3 ± 2.6 mm, p = 0.981). PRO scores were comparable between the AL and FL groups (IKDC score, 84.8 vs. 88.8, p = 0.185; Lysholm 87.3 vs. 89.9, p = 0.380; KOOS 90.7 vs. 91.4, p = 0.720; Tegner 5.5 vs. 6.2, p = 0.085). The rate of saphenous nerve lesions was significantly lower in the AL group with popliteal harvesting of the tendon (8.3% vs. 35.5%, p = 0.014).

Conclusion
The use of an adjustable-loop device on the femoral and tibial side led to similar stability and clinical results compared to a fixed-loop device.
PTHrP induces STAT5 activation, secretory differentiation and accelerates mammary tumor development
Authors: Grinman Diego Y. , Boras-Granic Kata , Takyar Farzin M. , Dann Pamela , Hens Julie R. , Marmol Christina , Lee Jongwon , Choi Jungmin , Chodosh Lewis A. , Sola Martin E. Garcia , Wysolmerski John J. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) is required for embryonic breast development and has important functions during lactation, when it is produced by alveolar epithelial cells and secreted into the maternal circulation to mobilize skeletal calcium used for milk production. PTHrP is also produced by breast cancers, and GWAS studies suggest that it influences breast cancer risk. However, the exact functions of PTHrP in breast cancer biology remain unsettled.

Methods
We developed a tetracycline-regulated, MMTV (mouse mammary tumor virus)-driven model of PTHrP overexpression in mammary epithelial cells (Tet-PTHrP mice) and bred these mice with the MMTV-PyMT (polyoma middle tumor-antigen) breast cancer model to analyze the impact of PTHrP overexpression on normal mammary gland biology and in breast cancer progression.

Results
Overexpression of PTHrP in luminal epithelial cells caused alveolar hyperplasia and secretory differentiation of the mammary epithelium with milk production. This was accompanied by activation of Stat5 and increased expression of E74-like factor-5 (Elf5) as well as a delay in post-lactation involution. In MMTV-PyMT mice, overexpression of PTHrP (Tet-PTHrP;PyMT mice) shortened tumor latency and accelerated tumor growth, ultimately reducing overall survival. Tumors overproducing PTHrP also displayed increased expression of nuclear pSTAT5 and Elf5, increased expression of markers of secretory differentiation and milk constituents, and histologically resembled secretory carcinomas of the breast. Overexpression of PTHrP within cells isolated from tumors, but not PTHrP exogenously added to cell culture media, led to activation of STAT5 and milk protein gene expression. In addition, neither ablating the Type 1 PTH/PTHrP receptor (PTH1R) in epithelial cells nor treating Tet-PTHrP;PyMT mice with an anti-PTH1R antibody prevented secretory differentiation or altered tumor latency. These data suggest that PTHrP acts in a cell-autonomous, intracrine manner. Finally, expression of PTHrP in human breast cancers is associated with expression of genes involved in milk production and STAT5 signaling.

Conclusions
Our study suggests that PTHrP promotes pathways leading to secretory differentiation and proliferation in both normal mammary epithelial cells and in breast tumor cells.
Preventing disease progression in multiple sclerosis—insights from large real-world cohorts
Authors: Engel Sinah , Zipp Frauke 
Published: April 2022

AbstractMultiple sclerosis is a chronic neuroinflammatory disease with a highly heterogeneous disease course. Preventing lasting disability requires early identification of persons at risk and novel approaches towards patient stratification for personalized treatment decisions. In this comment, we discuss the importance of large datasets of real-world cohorts in order to address this unmet need.
A prospective investigation into the association between the gut microbiome composition and cognitive performance among healthy young adults
Authors: Oluwagbemigun Kolade , Schnermann Maike E. , Schmid Matthias , Cryan John F. , Nöthlings Ute 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundThere is emerging evidence that the gut microbiome composition is associated with several human health outcomes, which include cognitive performance. However, only a few prospective epidemiological studies exist and none among young adults. Here we address the gap in the literature by investigating whether the gut microbiome composition is prospectively linked to fluid intelligence among healthy young adults.MethodsForty individuals (65% females, 26 years) from the DOrtmund Nutritional and Anthropometric Longitudinally Designed (DONALD) study provided a fecal sample for gut microbiome composition and subsequently (average of 166 days) completed a cognitive functioning test using the Cattell’s Culture Fair Intelligence Test, revised German version (CFT 20-R). The assessment of the gut microbiome at the genera level was by 16S rRNA V3-V4 Illumina sequencing. The relative abundance of 158 genera was summarized into bacterial communities using a novel data-driven dimension reduction, amalgamation. The fluid intelligence score was regressed on the relative abundance of the bacterial communities and adjusted for selected covariates.ResultsThe 158 genera were amalgamated into 12 amalgams (bacterial communities), which were composed of 18, 6, 10, 14, 8, 10, 16, 13, 12, 12, 3, and 11 genera. Only the 14-genera bacterial community, named the “Ruminococcaceae- and Coriobacteriaceae-dominant community” was positively associated with fluid intelligence score (β = 7.8; 95% CI: 0.62, 15.65,P = 0.04).ConclusionAmong healthy young adults, the abundance of a gut bacterial community was associated with fluid intelligence score. This study suggests that cognitive performance may potentially benefit from gut microbiome-based intervention.
Characterization of transposable elements within the Bemisia tabaci species complex
Authors: Sicat Juan Paolo A. , Visendi Paul , Sewe Steven O. , Bouvaine Sophie , Seal Susan E. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Whiteflies are agricultural pests that cause negative impacts globally to crop yields resulting at times in severe economic losses and food insecurity. The Bemisia tabaci whitefly species complex is the most damaging in terms of its broad crop host range and its ability to serve as vector for over 400 plant viruses. Genomes of whiteflies belonging to this species complex have provided valuable genomic data; however, transposable elements (TEs) within these genomes remain unexplored. This study provides the first accurate characterization of TE content within the B. tabaci species complex.

Results
This study identified that an average of 40.61% of the genomes of three whitefly species (MEAM1, MEDQ, and SSA-ECA) consists of TEs. The majority of the TEs identified were DNA transposons (22.85% average) while SINEs (0.14% average) were the least represented. This study also compared the TE content of the three whitefly genomes with three other hemipteran genomes and found significantly more DNA transposons and less LINEs in the whitefly genomes. A total of 63 TE superfamilies were identified to be present across the three whitefly species (39 DNA transposons, six LTR, 16 LINE, and two SINE). The sequences of the identified TEs were clustered which generated 5766 TE clusters. A total of 2707 clusters were identified as uniquely found within the whitefly genomes while none of the generated clusters were from both whitefly and non-whitefly TE sequences.
This study is the first to characterize TEs found within different B. tabaci species and has created a standardized annotation workflow that could be used to analyze future whitefly genomes.

Conclusion
This study is the first to characterize the landscape of TEs within the B. tabaci whitefly species complex. The characterization of these elements within the three whitefly genomes shows that TEs occupy significant portions of B. tabaci genomes, with DNA transposons representing the vast majority. This study also identified TE superfamilies and clusters of TE sequences of potential interest, providing essential information, and a framework for future TE studies within this species complex.
Psychological predictors of insomnia, anxiety and depression in university students: potential prevention targets
Authors: Lindsay Julia A. B. , McGowan Niall M. , King Nathan , Rivera Daniel , Li Melanie , Byun Jin , Cunningham Simone , Saunders Kate E. A. , Duffy Anne 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundPerfectionism, low self-esteem and external locus of control are psychological constructs linked to insomnia, anxiety and depression. Examining how these constructs impact mental health and serve as risk factors for the development of clinically significant symptoms may help direct psychological support resources and preventative measures for university students.AimsTo longitudinally examine associations between the aforementioned psychological constructs and symptoms of insomnia, anxiety and depression in a large representative sample of first-year university students.MethodElectronic surveys including validated measures of the predictors and outcomes were emailed to all first-year undergraduate students at entry to a major Canadian university, and followed up on at conclusion of the academic year.ResultsCompared with healthy sleepers, students screening positive for insomnia had lower self-esteem, higher self-evaluative perfectionism and increased external locus of control (allP< 0.001). Self-evaluative perfectionism (standardisedβ= 0.13,P< 0.01), self-esteem (β= −0.30,P< 0.001) and external locus of control (β= 0.07,P= 0.02) measured at entry were significantly associated with insomnia symptoms at follow-up. Insomnia symptoms at entry were strong predictors of symptoms of depression (β= 0.15,P< 0.001) and anxiety (β= 0.16,P< 0.001) at follow-up, even after controlling for baseline symptoms of those disorders.ConclusionsPerfectionism, low self-esteem and external locus of control may predispose the development of insomnia symptoms in university students. In turn, insomnia symptoms appear to be robust predictors for depressive and anxiety symptoms. Sleep may be an important prevention target in university students.
The Price of Inequality in Type 1 Diabetes Management
Authors: Herringshaw Emilee 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to examine the compounded disparities in diabetes management and how disease burden is amplified by socioeconomic conditions. Access to tools that equip care is explored in relation to income, education, race, and insurance coverage. Commentary is also provided from the perspective of a patient who has managed diabetes for 25 years and is currently a third-year medical student. From this experience, she understands firsthand the demand and complexity of disease management. Through her observations in the hospital, she also identifies how disparities shape care for individuals managing this challenging disease. Lower socioeconomic status, education level, non-White race, and noncommercial insurance are among variables that restrict access to technology. The various influences that shape technological access in combination with the observations from a patient managing T1D serve to demonstrate the multifactorial challenges encompassed in care acquisition.
Interactions of cytosolic tails in the Jen1 carboxylate transporter are critical for trafficking and transport activity
Authors: Barata-Antunes Cláudia , Talaia Gabriel , Broutzakis George , Ribas David , De Beule Pieter , Casal Margarida , Stefan Christopher J. , Diallinas George , Paiva Sandra 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT
Plasma membrane (PM) transporters of the major facilitator superfamily (MFS) are essential for cell metabolism, growth and response to stress or drugs. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Jen1 is a monocarboxylate/H+ symporter that provides a model to dissect the molecular details underlying cellular expression, transport mechanism and turnover of MFS transporters. Here, we present evidence revealing novel roles of the cytosolic N- and C-termini of Jen1 in its biogenesis, PM stability and transport activity, using functional analyses of Jen1 truncations and chimeric constructs with UapA, an endocytosis-insensitive transporter of Aspergillus nidulans. Our results show that both N- and C-termini are critical for Jen1 trafficking to the PM, transport activity and endocytosis. Importantly, we provide evidence that Jen1 N- and C-termini undergo transport-dependent dynamic intramolecular interactions, which affect the transport activity and turnover of Jen1. Our results support an emerging concept where the cytoplasmic termini of PM transporters control transporter cell surface stability and function through flexible intramolecular interactions with each other. These findings might be extended to other MFS members to understand conserved and evolving mechanisms underlying transporter structure–function relationships.
This article has an associated First Person interview with the first authors of the paper.
Protocol for a Longitudinal Study of the Determinants of Metabolic Syndrome Risk in Young Adults
Authors: Pomeroy Alexander , Bates Lauren C. , Stoner Lee , Weaver Mark A. , Moore Justin B. , Nepocatych Svetlana , Higgins Simon 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACT

Context
As many as 76.7% of U.S. young adults have at least one metabolic syndrome risk factor. Often undetected, metabolic syndrome risk factors cluster with other risk factors increasing risk of future cardiometabolic disease. The prevention of metabolic syndrome risk accrual through early behavioral interventions is crucial for at-risk populations.

Objectives
This article outlines the protocol for the Health E Start study, including objectives, methodology, ethics, and dissemination. Additionally, we discuss the goals of the National Institutes of Health Research Enhancement Award (R15) that funded this project and how this funding will facilitate the comprehensive training of undergraduate researchers. The long-term goal of the study is to develop a theoretically driven intervention for the prevention of metabolic syndrome risk development in college students. To facilitate this goal, the aims are to identify 1) the behavioral targets for the prevention of metabolic syndrome risk development and 2) the motivations behind such behaviors to develop a theoretical framework for use in intervention design.

Design
This is a longitudinal observational design setting.

Setting
This study focuses on the transition from living at home to independent living at colleges across the United States.

Participants
The participants of this study are high school seniors (n = 150) who will be transitioning to college within 3 months of graduating.

Main Outcome Measure
For aim 1, metabolic syndrome risk will be quantified into a risk score using a principal components analysis of traditional risk factors. Associations between changes in lifestyle behaviors and changes in the risk score will identify population-specific behavioral targets. For aim 2, changes in psychological, social, and environmental antecedents of observed behaviors will be identified.

Conclusions
Identifying the relationship between behavior change and metabolic syndrome risk and the psychosocial and environmental predictors of observed behavior changes will facilitate the design of targeted interventions for the prevention of metabolic syndrome risk progression in the early college years.
Sea grapes powder with the addition of tempe rich in collagen: An anti-aging functional food
Authors: Permatasari Happy Kurnia , Nurkolis Fahrul , Vivo Christopherous Diva , Noor Sutamara Lasurdi , Rahmawati Rahmawati , Radu Son , Hardinsyah Hardinsyah , Taslim Nurpudji Astuti , Mayulu Nelly , Wewengkang Defny Silvia , Kuswari Mury , Batubara Siti Chairiyah , Gunawan William Ben , Nahdi Maizer Said 
Published: April 2022

Background: This study aimed to determine the potential anti-aging effects of sea grapes and tempe (fermented soybeans) collagen particle size, by measuring the activities of anti-glycation, antioxidant, and tyrosinase inhibitors. Methods: Collagen was isolated from freeze-dried sea grapes and tempe powder and treated with different NaOH concentrations (0.10 M; 0.20 M; 0.30 M), and CH3COOH 1 M solution, separately. The collagen particle size was adjusted by stirring at 1000 rpm for 5 and 10 hours. 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) was used to measure the antioxidant activity, and L-tyrosine and L-DOPA (l-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine) was used as a marker of tyrosine inhibition. Results: The collagen treated with 0.10 M NaOH produced the highest collagen yield (11.65%), and the largest particle size (2455 nm). Additionally, this collagen, when treated for 5 hours, exhibited 24.70% antioxidant activity, 62.60% anti-glycation, 8.97% L-tyrosine, and 26.77% L-Dopa inhibition activities. Meanwhile, the collagen treated for 10 hours had a 9.98% antioxidant activity, 41.48% anti-glycation, 7.89% L-tyrosine, and 2.67% L-Dopa inhibition activity. Conclusion: Sea grapes and tempe collagen powder treated with 0.10 M NaOH and stirred for 5 hours, possess the best potential anti-aging properties as a functional food.
Recognising the deterioration of patients in acute care wards: a qualitative study
Authors: Beane Abi , Wijesiriwardana Wageesha , Pell Christopher , Dullewe N. P. , Sujeewa J. A. , Rathnayake R. M. Dhanapala , Jayasinghe Saroj , Dondorp Arjen M. , Schultsz Constance , Haniffa Rashan 
Published: April 2022

Background: Infrastructure, equipment and staff constraints are often cited as barriers to the recognition and rescue of deteriorating patients in resource-limited settings. The impact of health-system organisation, decision-making and organisational culture on recognition of deterioration is however poorly understood. This study explores how health care providers recognise deterioration of patients in acute care in Sri Lanka. Methods: In-depth interviews exploring decision making and care processes related to recognition of deterioration, were conducted with a purposive sample of 23 health care workers recruited from ten wards at a district hospital in Sri Lanka. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed and coded thematically, line-by-line, using a general inductive approach. Results: A legacy of initial assessment on admission and inimical organisational culture undermined recognition of deteriorating patients in hospital. Informal triaging at the time of ward admission resulted in patients presenting with red-flag diagnoses and vital sign derangement requiring resuscitation being categorised as "bad". The legacy of this categorisation was a series of decision-making biases anchored in the initial assessment, which remained with the patient throughout their stay. Management for patients categorised as “bad” was prioritised by healthcare workers coupled with a sense of fatalism regarding adverse outcomes. Health care workers were reluctant to deviate from the original plan of care despite changes in patient condition (continuation bias). Organisational culture - vertical hierarchy, siloed working and a reluctance to accept responsibility- resulted in omissions which undermined recognition of deterioration. Fear of blame was a barrier to learning from adverse events. Conclusions: The legacy of admission assessment and hospital organisational culture undermined recognition of deterioration. Opportunities for improving recognition of deterioration in this setting may include establishing formal triage and medical emergency teams to facilitate timely recognition and escalation.
Prze-pisywanie. „Dziennik hipopotama” Krzysztofa Vargi jako strategia lektury
Authors: Regiewicz Adam 
Published: April 2022

Celem artykułu jest wykazanie, że Dziennik hipopotama Krzysztofa Vargi to typowe dzieło gatunku, które jest zbiorem zapisów dotyczącym rozmaitych tematów czy problemów powiązanych osobą autora – jego postawą, poglądami, sposobem spojrzenia na świat. Tym, co wyróżnia je na tle twórczości diariuszowej, jest czytanie świata i otaczającej codzienności poprzez lektury. Varga wykorzystuje przeczytane teksty, zakupione książki, układane w swojej bibliotece serie do komentowania współczesnych zjawisk artystycznych, estetycznych, jak i postaw politycznych. Autor buduje swój obraz świata w oparciu o dokonaną lekturę, czyniąc z niej ostrze krytyki współczesności. Jego biblioteka nie ogranicza się wyłącznie do woluminów, ale zostaje poszerzona o audiotekę i wideotekę. Varga zgodnie z duchem konwergencji pokazuje jak współczesne archipelagi znaczeń obejmują nie tylko słowo pisane, ale dźwięki czy obrazy filmowe. Autor Dziennika hipopotama korzysta z formuły przepisywania, umieszczając przeczytane teksty w kontekście bieżących spraw i wydarzeń, aktualizując i często ideologizując lekturę, poprzez indywidualne, „polityczne” odczytanie. Przepisywanie staje się dla niego strategią czytania, które pozostawia ślad w nim samym.