bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fuzzy inference system (FIS) - long short-term memory (LSTM) network for electromyography (EMG) signal analysis
Authors: Suppiah Ravi , Kim Noori , Sharma Anurag , Abidi Khalid 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
A wide range of application domains,s such as remote robotic control, rehabilitation, and remote surgery, require capturing neuromuscular activities. The reliability of the application is highly dependent on an ability to decode intentions accurately based on captured neuromuscular signals. Physiological signals such as Electromyography (EMG) and Electroencephalography (EEG) generated by neuromuscular activities contain intrinsic patterns for users’ particular actions. Such actions can generally be classified as motor states, such as Forward, Reverse, Hand-Grip, and Hand-Release. To classify these motor states truthfully, the signals must be captured and decoded correctly. This paper proposes a novel classification technique using a Fuzzy Inference System (FIS) and a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network to classify the motor states based on EMG signals. Existing EMG signal classification techniques generally rely on features derived from data captured at a specific time instance. This typical approach does not consider the temporal correlation of the signal in the entire window. This paper proposes an LSTM with a Fuzzy Logic method to classify four major hand movements: forward, reverse, raise, and lower. Features associated with the pattern generated throughout the motor state movement were extracted by exploring published data within a given time window. The classification results can achieve a 91.3% accuracy for the 4-way action (Forward/Reverse/GripUp/RelDown) and 95.1% (Forward/Reverse Action) and 96.7% (GripUp/RelDown action) for 2-way actions. The proposed mechanism demonstrates high-level, human-interpretable results that can be employed in rehabilitation or medical-device industries.
Application of integrated simulation environment SIEMNED to the analysis of the MEPHIST-0 tokamak operation
Authors: SYCHUGOV D Yu , SOLOVIEV S Yu , ZHILKIN A S , MELNIKOV A V , KRAT S A 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This paper presents the results of numerical simulation of plasma equilibrium and stability in the MEPHIST-0 tokamak with SIEMNED software and comparison of simulation results with experiments. The determined characteristics of the vacuum chamber show that it significantly affects the entire discharge. For various scenarios of the inductor operation, a comparison of experimental data and simulated currents and magnetic fields induced in the chamber was carried out. For steady-state tokamak operation, a numerical study of equilibrium plasma configurations was carried out depending on the currents in the poloidal magnetic field coils and plasma current. The vertical plasma instability was investigated. The limiting values of plasma ellipticity preventing the vertical plasma instability were numerically determined. Numerical simulations show that plasma equilibrium is supported by induced currents. It was shown numerically that magnetic configuration with ‘zero of higher order’ were obtained before the plasma shot, suggesting consistency between the simulation results and observations.
Photonics design theory enhancing light extraction efficiency in quantum dot light emitting diodes
Authors: Othman Diyar Mousa , Weinstein Julia A , Lyu Quan , Hou Bo 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The external quantum efficiency (EQE) of quantum dot light emitting diodes (QLEDs) needs improvement for more power-efficient devices. One of the main limitations is the low light extraction efficiency (LEE). Generally, only 20% of the light that is generated inside the emissive layer makes its way out of the device into air, with the rest being lost to waveguide and substrate modes and surface plasmon polaritons. Different photonics structures have been previously tested to help extract the light that is trapped inside the device. Here we report a photonics design which is a combination of nanopillars and grating structures for improving the LEE of QLEDs. The effect of changing the nanopillar height, radius and material has been studied. It was found that ZnO nanopillars of 500 nm pitch, 200 nm height and 400 nm width alongside 150 nm width and pitch grating structure can increase the LEE at 460 nm by 50% and at 640 nm by 20%. It was also found that different materials can help extract light at different wavelengths. TiO2 nanopillars increased the extraction efficiency at ∼590 nm region which was not observed by the other materials. As around 19% of the world’s electricity consumption is due to lighting applications, increasing the LEE can significantly reduce the power consumption.
Post-2000 nonlinear optical materials and measurements: data tables and best practices
Authors: Vermeulen Nathalie , Espinosa Daniel , Ball Adam , Ballato John , Boucaud Philippe , Boudebs Georges , Campos Cecília L A V , Dragic Peter , Gomes Anderson S L , Huttunen Mikko J , Kinsey Nathaniel , Mildren Rich , Neshev Dragomir , Padilha Lázaro A , Pu Minhao , Secondo Ray , Tokunaga Eiji , Turchinovich Dmitry , Yan Jingshi , Yvind Kresten , Dolgaleva Ksenia , Van Stryland Eric W 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn its 60 years of existence, the field of nonlinear optics has gained momentum especially over the past two decades thanks to major breakthroughs in material science and technology. In this article, we present a new set of data tables listing nonlinear-optical properties for different material categories as reported in the literature since 2000. The papers included in the data tables are representative experimental works on bulk materials, solvents, 0D–1D–2D materials, metamaterials, fiber waveguiding materials, on-chip waveguiding materials, hybrid waveguiding systems, and materials suitable for nonlinear optics at THz frequencies. In addition to the data tables, we also provide best practices for performing and reporting nonlinear-optical experiments. These best practices underpin the selection process that was used for including papers in the tables. While the tables indeed show strong advancements in the field over the past two decades, we encourage the nonlinear-optics community to implement the identified best practices in future works. This will allow a more adequate comparison, interpretation and use of the published parameters, and as such further stimulate the overall progress in nonlinear-optical science and applications.
Friction behaviors in the metal cutting process: state of the art and future perspectives
Authors: Liang Xiaoliang , Liu Zhanqiang , Wang Bing , Wang Chunjin , Cheung Chi Fai 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Material removal in the cutting process is regarded as a friction system with multiple input and output variables. The complexity of the cutting friction system is caused by the extreme conditions existing on the tool–chip and tool–workpiece interfaces. The critical issue is significant to use knowledge of cutting friction behaviors to guide researchers and industrial manufacturing engineers in designing rational cutting processes to reduce tool wear and improve surface quality. This review focuses on the state of the art of research on friction behaviors in cutting procedures as well as future perspectives. First, the cutting friction phenomena under extreme conditions, such as high temperature, large strain/strain rates, sticking–sliding contact states, and diverse cutting conditions are analyzed. Second, the theoretical models of cutting friction behaviors and the application of simulation technology are discussed. Third, the factors that affect friction behaviors are analyzed, including material matching, cutting parameters, lubrication/cooling conditions, micro/nano surface textures, and tool coatings. Then, the consequences of the cutting friction phenomena, including tool wear patterns, tool life, chip formation, and the machined surface are analyzed. Finally, the research limitations and future work for cutting friction behaviors are discussed. This review contributes to the understanding of cutting friction behaviors and the development of high-quality cutting technology.
Experimental and numerical investigation of fracture toughness of hybrid glass/metal fiber reinforced polymer composites
Authors: Agarwal Pankaj , Sharma Ankush , Kumar Mukesh , Patnaik Tapan Kumar , Patnaik Amar 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In this paper, the usefulness of industrial waste metal fiber as a reinforcement in hybrid glass/metal fiber epoxy composites is investigated. The hybrid composites of four-stacking sequence HSG-1, HSG-2, HSG-3, and HSG-4 were fabricated using the vacuum-assisted resin transfer molding (VARTM) technique under a controlled environment. Mode-I fracture toughness of hybrid glass/metal fiber epoxy composites was examined through an experimental SENB test. For the hybrid composites HSG-4, the stress intensity factor of 425.12 MPa.mm1/2 was maximum during mode-I loading compared to the other stacking sequences. Furthermore, finite element analysis for fracture toughness was also carried out, and the simulation results were compared with those of the experiments. With R2 value of 0.99 the deviation was in the range of 0% to 3%. In light of the evaluated results, this research can be expanded to address marine applications simultaneously, allowing for optimal waste usage to reduce environmental issues.
Energy harvesting properties of the Nafion thin films
Authors: Babu Anjaly , Supraja P , Mishra Siju , Kumar K Uday , Rakesh Kumar R , Haranath D , Thirmal C , Raju N , Rao T Venkatappa , Balaji K , Rajanikanth A 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In this report, energy harvesting properties of Nafion films were investigated using piezoionic generator (PIOG) and triboelectric generator (TEG) devices. Nafion films were prepared by simple doctor blade deposition of a Nafion ionomer solution onto the aluminum electrode. The Nafion films were characterized for their surface morphology, composition, and crystallinity. Furthermore, the Nafion film exhibited strong substrate adhesion, a smooth surface, and amorphous nature. The deposited Nafion film was used directly as an active layer to fabricate the PIOG and TEG devices with ITO electrodes. Output voltages of ∼450 mV and ∼1.9 V have been observed for the PIOG and TEG devices against biomechanical energy. The maximum instantaneous power produced by these devices is approximately ∼0.205 μW cm−2, and ∼0.128 μW cm−2 for the PIOG and TEG, respectively. The PIOG performance can be further improved using Nafion composite films. Similarly, the TEG performance can be enhanced with other friction layers such as PVDF, PDMS, PMMA, and PVC films instead of ITO. Therefore, the proposed nanogenerators can be used as touch sensors and energy sources for wearable electronic devices in the future.
Ion transport and structural design of lithium-ion conductive solid polymer electrolytes: a perspective
Authors: Tong Bo , Song Ziyu , Wu Hao , Wang Xingxing , Feng Wenfang , Zhou Zhibin , Zhang Heng 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) possess several merits including no leakage, ease in process, and suppressing lithium dendrites growth. These features are beneficial for improving the cycle life and safety performance of rechargeable lithium metal batteries (LMBs), as compared to conventional non-aqueous liquid electrolytes. Particularly, the superior elasticity of polymeric material enables the employment of SPEs in building ultra-thin and flexible batteries, which could further expand the application scenarios of high-energy rechargeable LMBs. In this perspective, recent progresses on ion transport mechanism of SPEs and structural designs of electrolyte components (e.g. conductive lithium salts, polymer matrices) are scrutinized. In addition, key achievements in the field of single lithium-ion conductive SPEs are also outlined, aiming to provide the status quo in those SPEs with high selectivity in cationic transport. Finally, possible strategies for improving the performance of SPEs and their rechargeable LMBs are also discussed.
Basis for the Management of Schistocerca cancellata (Orthoptera: Acrididae)
Authors: Birkhan Júlia , Carrizo Beatriz , Socías María Guillermina , da Costa Maria Kátia Matiotti , Guedes Jerson Carus , Garcia Flávio Roberto Mello 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The locust species Schistocerca cancellata Serville, endemic to South America, is known for its ability to form dense swarms, which reach the status of agricultural pest for several crops in southern South America. This article aimed to gather more accurate information about the history, biology, ecology, and control of S. cancellata, because of the 2021 invasions, which threatened to invade the Brazilian territory. During outbreak periods, swarms consume any available vegetation in the occurrence areas of Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay, Chile, and Bolivia. These invasions have been well documented in history, since they left deep marks wherever they went, especially in Argentina, which to this day represents the country that most accounted for agricultural losses from outbreaks. economy’s main current means of control are based on pesticides, whose chemical composition induces a series of damages to health, the environment, and consequently the ecosystem. Knowing about the biological processes of this locust is an important factor in understanding how swarms form, as well as controlling them. The intergovernmental coalition shows positive results in monitoring and controlling the swarms, which, even demonstrating stability, remain under constant surveillance by competent bodies.
Demonstratives and cognitive significance revisited
Authors: Martone Filipe 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The issue of whether a theory of demonstratives should be able to handle Frege’s Puzzle seems rather old hat, but it was not so much resolved as left hanging. This paper tries to remedy that. I argue that a major problem not previously noticed affects any theory of demonstratives that aims at dealing with Frege’s Puzzle. This problem shows itself in cases in which the cognitive significance of a single demonstrative identity – such as ‘that is that’ – differs for participants of the same context. To accommodate such cases, I argue, we would need an implausible individualistic theory of demonstratives nobody should (or does) endorse. If so, we must look elsewhere for a solution to Frege’s Puzzle.
Polydioxanone Monofilament Mesh: A Safety Net for Complex Breast Implant Revision Surgery
Authors: Chiemi Julia A , Kelishadi S Sean 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Background
Breast revision surgeries are complex cases requiring greater pocket control than primary surgeries. Intraoperative techniques to maximize pocket integrity are crucial to achieving an aesthetic result in revisions with implants.

Objectives
Uniform utilization of a polydioxanone (PDO) internal support matrix in a high volume of revision-augmentation cases has, to our knowledge, never before been described.

Methods
A high-volume (n = 104) single-surgeon experience followed patient outcomes in consecutive cases from September 2020 to March 2022. Included in this cohort were patients undergoing revision-augmentations with vertical or wise-pattern mastopexies (n = 74), revision-augmentation without mastopexies (n = 25), and revision without implant exchange (n = 5). Each case employed at least 1 sheet of PDO mesh, with a small set (n = 4) receiving 2 sheets. Patients were followed up (range, 3-19 months), with 3 months minimum follow-up to assess outcomes.

Results
The average length of follow-up was 8.8 months. Patients in this cohort had undergone an average of 1.6 prior breast surgeries (range, 1-7). A total 89.4% of patients received an increase in implant volume (average change, +165.2 Cc); 87.5% of patients had favourable aesthetic outcomes, and 12.5% of patients were reoperated on (including reoperations for complications and/or aesthetic reasons). There were 13 complications in the cohort, and no mesh-related complications.

Conclusions
PDO mesh is a safe and effective method of increasing pocket control in breast revision. Supplemental soft-tissue support allowed greater implant volumes to be employed, yielding high rates of patient satisfaction with breast shape, scarring, and long-term aesthetics.

Level of Evidence: 4
EP-175 Two-layer Biodegradable Temporizing Matrix Reconstruction of Abdominal Wall Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans
Authors: Shah Rushabh , Kiely Ailbhe , McKirdy Stuart 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) is a rare, locally invasive dermal sarcoma. The management is generally surgical, with wide local excision (WLE) forming the mainstay of treatment. Large abdominal wall defects are most aesthetically reconstructed using pedicled or free flaps; however, these require tumour-free surgical margins, and can cause donor site morbidity. We describe an alternative, aesthetic, and low-morbidity technique for abdominal wall reconstruction following WLE of DFSP, using 2 layers of a novel synthetic dermal matrix (NovoSorb® BTM).
A 25-year-old women presented with a large DFSP involving the right anterior-abdominal wall. After WLE with 3cm margins, BTM was implanted to the large sub-fascial abdominal wall defect. At 6 weeks, after histological confirmation of tumour-free margins, a second layer of BTM was applied to improve the significant contour deformity of the wound bed. After complete integration by 7 weeks, a split-thickness skin graft was harvested from the right thigh and fixed to the new dermis.
At 14-days postoperatively, the skin graft had fully taken, and donor site healed. By 8 weeks, the scar had started to mature with no obvious contour defect or contracture. Overall, the patient was satisfied with the functional and aesthetic outcome.
To our knowledge, a two-layer reconstruction using an artificial dermal matrix has never been described for abdominal wall reconstruction. We found that double-layer BTM is able to restore the inherent thickness and pliability of skin in complex abdominal wall reconstruction following WLE of DFSP and offers improved durability and cosmesis compared to skin grafting or indeed single layer skin substitutes alone.
634 Future Women in Surgery and the Role of Mentorship
Authors: Haque S 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Aim
To understand the role of mentorship for female doctors in the decision- making process of pursuing surgery as a specialty or residency training.

Method
A systematic review of literature employing databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and EMBASE using the key words ‘Female”, “Surgery'', “Mentorship”. Inclusion criteria included articles in English between 2011–2021 to reflect the contemporary nature. Exclusion criteria include articles that are not in English and outside of the time frame 2011–2021. A thematic analysis was conducted to interpret the findings.

Results
12 studies were included in this study. The results showed that mentorship was a key component in the decision- making process in the pursuit of a surgical career. Common themes showed that work-life balance was an obstacle for women to pursue surgery; a positive role model was pivotal in gaining insights into what a surgical career entail. Increasing use of social media has made mentorship more accessible for women pursuing surgery especially in locations where female role models were deficient. Mentorship was perceived to be a key factor in inspiring junior female doctors to pursue surgery.

Conclusions
Mentorship and positive role models are a crucial factor in encouraging female doctors to pursue surgery. The absence of visibility of female role models in surgery presents a current problem and recommendations would be to encourage more female surgeons to become mentors to encourage the next generation of female surgeons.
152 Assessment of Quality and Readability of Online Patient Education Materials Relating to Dog Bites
Authors: Dadabhoy M , Awal D 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Aim
Dog bites are common injuries which can result in significant morbidity and comprise a large workload for plastic surgery. We aimed to assess the quality and readability of online patient education resources related to dog bites.

Method
We entered the search term ‘dog bite’ into Google and assessed the top 50 results for quality and readability. Quality was measured using the DISCERN questionnaire, benchmark criteria published by the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), and accreditation by the HONcode (Health On the Net code). Readability was measured with the Flesch-Kincaid reading grade (FKRG), Flesch reading ease score, Gunning's fog index, and the Coleman-Liau index (CLI).

Results
The mean JAMA and DISCERN scores were 2/4 and 35.7/80 respectively suggesting average quality. Only 3 sites were HONcode certified (7%). The mean Flesch reading ease score was 11.3 suggesting that the materials were very difficult to read and best understood by those with tertiary education. This corresponded with the high Gunning's fog score of 14.2. The FKRG and CLI indicated similar results.

Conclusions
Online materials relating to dog bites are of average quality and poor readability, especially in the context of the UK's reading age of 9. Avoidance of medical jargon and use of shorter words and sentences would improve readability. Timely review of websites, improved information on authorship and references could improve quality. Improved quality and readability would make it easier for patients to understand what to do following a dog bite, how to seek help if appropriate and what treatment to expect.