bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Global analysis of differential gene expression within the porcine conceptus transcriptome as it transitions through spherical, ovoid, and tubular morphologies during the initiation of elongation
Authors: Walsh Sophie C. , Miles Jeremy R. , Keel Brittney N. , Rempel Lea A. , Wright‐Johnson Elane C. , Lindholm‐Perry Amanda K. , Oliver William T. , Pannier Angela K. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis study aimed to identify transcriptome differences between distinct or transitional stage spherical, ovoid, and tubular porcine blastocysts throughout the initiation of elongation. We performed a global transcriptome analysis of differential gene expression using RNA‐Seq with high temporal resolution between spherical, ovoid, and tubular stage blastocysts at specific sequential stages of development from litters containing conceptus populations of distinct or transitional blastocysts. After RNA‐Seq analysis, significant differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and pathways were identified between distinct morphologies or sequential development stages. Overall, 1898 significant DEGs were identified between distinct spherical and ovoid morphologies, with 311 total DEGs between developmental stages throughout this first morphological transition, while 15 were identified between distinct ovoid and tubular, with eight total throughout these second morphological transition developmental stages. The high quantity of DEGs and pathways between conceptus stages throughout the spherical to ovoid transition suggests the importance of gene regulation during this first morphological transition for initiating elongation. Further, extensive DEG coverage of known elongation signaling pathways was illustrated from spherical to ovoid, and regulation of lipid signaling and membrane/ECM remodeling across these early conceptus stages were implicated as essential to this process, providing novel insights into potential mechanisms governing this rapid morphological change.
Analysis of skeletal remains from the Battle of Britain: A temporary cemetery of German aviators from World War II
Authors: Verna Emeline , Femolant Jean‐Marc , Signoli Michel , Costedoat Caroline , Bouniol Laetitia 
Published: January 2022

AbstractDuring World War II, part of France was occupied by the German army. In the summer of 1940, the Germans wanted to invade England from France. Then, the Battle of Britain began, which lasted until spring 1941 after a victory of the Royal Air Force over the Luftwaffe. During this battle, the Luftwaffe bombed southeast England and the London area using the Beauvais‐Tillé airfield (northern France). This airfield was mainly used by German bomber squadrons. In 2018, a temporary cemetery was discovered during land‐use planning work next to the location of this former airfield. Within the cemetery, 39 graves were discovered. Sixteen contained complete skeletons in coffins, and 23 consisted of fragments of skeletal remains within coffins. The individuals exhumed on the Beauvais site and wearing aviator outfits probably participated in this battle, as suggested by the presence of life jackets, implying flights over the sea. An interdisciplinary approach that employed archaeological and anthropological methods using the analysis of trauma on skeletal remains, in particular, provided details on this period and this type of context.
Gagging and its management—A review
Authors: Parakh Mayank Kumar , D. Krishna Prasad 
Published: January 2022

AbstractGagging is a physiologic reaction that is protective in nature. Gagging is commonly seen during dental procedures, and patients who have a sensitive gag reflex can be a challenge to manage. Gagging during dental procedures often causes interruption in the dental treatment, or in rare instances, the treatment has to be postponed. Gagging makes it difficult to perform dental treatment, and there are various methods that are advocated in the literature. Managing a patient with an exaggerated gag reflex is a challenge, and effective and right approach to the management can go long way for the patient. This review aims to highlight the various options of preventing or reducing gagging in patients.
Effects of different interfacial modifiers on the properties of digital printing waste paper fiber/nanocrystalline cellulose/poly(lactic acid) composites
Authors: Zhang Xiaolin , Di Jingjing , Li Jia , Li Shaoge , Duan Jingting , Lv Jinyan , Zhu Xiaofeng , Xu Long , Chang Xing 
Published: January 2022

AbstractDigital printing waste paper fiber/nanocrystalline cellulose/poly(lactic acid) composites, modified through γ‐methacryloxy propyl trimethoxy silane (KH570), isopropyl tri(dioctylpyrophosphate) titanate, sodium hydroxide, polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG6000), and a composite silane coupling agent (KH570/PEG6000), were fabricated by melt blending and injection molding, and the effects of different modifiers on the properties of composites were studied. The results show that the mechanical properties of the modified composites were improved, and the best flexural strength, tensile strength, and impact strength were obtained by PEG6000, KH570/PEG6000, and KH570, respectively. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that the thermal decomposition performance of the composites treated by KH570 was relatively superior. Differential scanning calorimetry analysis demonstrated that the melting enthalpy and crystallinity of the modified material increased, while the cold crystallization temperature decreased. After modification, both water absorption and degradation showed a decreasing trend, especially KH570/PEG6000. Under the action of several modifiers, the diffusion coefficient, thermodynamic solubility, and permeability of composites were reduced to varying degrees. Furthermore, scanning electron microscopy demonstrated that interfacial adhesion and composite compatibility were improved with significantly fewer and smaller pores, as well as a fuzzy boundary among the three phases.
Photodegradation actuated shape‐changing hydrogels
Authors: Delgado Stephanie M. , Norris Sam C. P. , Kasko Andrea M. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractHydrogels are attractive materials for generating 4D shapes due to their ability to undergo pronounced volume changes in response to several stimuli, including light. We previously reported shape‐changing hydrogels actuated by long‐wave UV and visible light in the presence of live cells using poly(ethylene glycol) macromers incorporating different photodegradable ortho‐nitrobenzyl (o‐NB) groups. In this comprehensive study, we determine the effect of chemical structure of different o‐NB macromers (which influences molar absorptivity and rate constant of degradation), composition (macromer weight percent), fabrication design (initial gel thickness) and environment (ionic strength of solution) on light‐induced hydrogel folding. We demonstrate successful photopolymerization and subsequent photodegradation of hydrogels, multistep folding, and live‐cell encapsulation. This hydrogel system may be useful as new tool in stem cell differentiation and developmental biology research, facilitating the in vitro investigation of processes that are sensitive to both physical and temporal stimuli.
Recent progress in the structural biology of P2X receptors
Authors: Sheng Danqi , Hattori Motoyuki 
Published: January 2022

AbstractP2X receptors are ATP‐gated trimeric nonselective cation channels that are important for various physiological and pathological processes, including synaptic transmission, pain perception, immune regulation, and apoptosis. Accordingly, they attract a wide range of interest as drug targets, such as those for chronic cough, neuropathic pain, and depression. After the zebrafish P2X4 receptor structure was reported in 2009, various other P2X receptor structures have been reported, extending our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of P2X receptors. This review article describes the recent progress on understanding the structures and mechanisms of P2X receptors, especially of the mechanisms underlying ATP binding and conformational changes during the gating cycle. In addition, since several antagonists for different P2X subtypes have entered into clinical trials, this review also summarizes the binding sites and regulatory mechanisms of these antagonists, which may contribute to new strategies of targeting P2X receptors for drug discovery.
Retracted: Quality management in higher education: Developing the methodology on the basis of total quality management
Authors: Krymets Liudmyla V. , Saienko Oleksandr H. , Bilyakovska Olha O. , Zakharov Oleg Yu. , Ivanova Dora H. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractUnderstanding the needs of end users (customers, stakeholders) and the simultaneous application of new methodologies for the implementation of strategic plans in order to meet the needs of external (employers) and internal consumers (students and teachers) are essential elements of quality management in higher education. This article aimed to investigate the general state of modern quality management in higher education. A survey of consumers of educational services in Ukraine was conducted in order to study the current state of quality management in higher education. Interested parties’ theory and total quality management methodology in quality management of higher education served as the basis for the research methodology. The requirements of the administration and departments of higher educational institutions, students and employers in Ukraine to the quality of education were studied. Requirements for meeting the needs of consumers of educational services have been developed. During the study, the principle of ‘student‐centred learning’ and the protection of key interests of students were implemented. It was found that the quality of higher education in Ukraine is characterised by a significant level of dissatisfaction. An empirical assessment of the gap between expectations and actual experience of obtaining higher education was carried out and the discrepancy between education in Ukraine and the requirements of stakeholders was proved.
Teaching for mastery in primary mathematics: A study of translating research into policy and practice
Authors: Coles Alf , Helme Rachel 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn this paper we investigate the translation of research into professional development (PD) materials for teachers of primary mathematics, by England's National Centre for Excellence in the Teaching of Mathematics, and related changes in teacher practices of teachers using the materials. We use interview data gathered from three teachers, via six teacher interviews, conducted over a two‐year period. The small sample allows us to explore the richness of their stories, while not being able to generalise to all teachers. Our results show that both implicit and explicit messages from research can become visible in new classroom practices. For instance, the teachers in our study all came to view the concept of number quite differently to how they had in the past, and in a way that was in keeping with research that informed the PD materials. A new view of number was implicit in the PD materials and in the teachers’ descriptions of their practice. Other changes in teaching practices were explicitly spoken about by the teachers and were explicitly written about in the PD materials. Our work points to the efficacy of a team of practitioners working, with guidance, to create practical resources which embody research results. We propose viewing teachers as active partners in the process of translating research into practice.
Robust fault‐tolerant motion/force control of a fully‐actuated hexarotor using adaptive sliding mode impedance control
Authors: Rong Yongfeng , Chou Wusheng , Jiao Ran 
Published: January 2022

AbstractA robust fault‐tolerant motion/force controller is vital for a fully‐actuated unmanned aerial vehicle performing contact‐based aerial manipulation tasks (e.g., window cleaning, infrastructure inspection and so on) in the presence of lumped disturbances (including external disturbances, model uncertainties, and actuator faults) with unknown boundaries. To address this problem, a disturbance‐observer‐based adaptive sliding mode impedance controller is proposed in this article. Using the impedance model as a reference model, the sliding mode impedance controller is constructed with a modified adaptive super‐twisting gain technique to reduce the chattering phenomenon. To avoid overestimation of the unknown disturbance bounds, a novel adaptive third‐order extended state observer is developed to actively estimate the disturbances and compensate for the controller without any priori knowledge of the disturbance bounds. Convergence of the proposed observer and stability of the closed‐loop system are analyzed by the Lyapunov method. The effects of parameters in observers and controllers are presented under measurement noise through numerical simulations. In addition, guidelines for parameter selections are also provided. The advantages and effectiveness of the proposed control strategy are also demonstrated by simulating a push‐and‐slide scenario in the presence of lumped disturbances.
Boosting Electrocatalytic Activity of Single Atom Catalysts Supported on Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon through N Coordination Environment Engineering
Authors: Zhang Xiaoran , Xu Xiaomin , Yao Sixian , Hao Chao , Pan Can , Xiang Xue , Tian Zhi Qun , Shen Pei Kang , Shao Zongping , Jiang San Ping 
Published: January 2022

AbstractNonprecious group metal (NPGM)‐based single atom catalysts (SACs) hold a great potential in electrocatalysis and dopant engineering has been extensively exploited to boost their catalytic activity, while the coordination environment of dopant, which also significantly affects the electronic structure of SACs, and consequently their electrocatalytic performance, have been largely ignored. Here, by adopting a precursor modulation strategy, the authors successfully synthesize single cobalt atom catalysts embedded in nitrogen‐doped carbon, Co–N/C, with similar overall Co and N concentrations but different N types, that is, pyridinic N (NP), graphitic N (NG), and pyrrolic N (NPY). Co–N/C with the Co–N4 moieties coordinated with NG displays far superior activity for oxygen reduction (ORR) and evolution reactions, and superior activity and stability in both zinc–air batteries and proton exchange membrane fuel cells. Density functional theory calculation indicates that coordinated N species in particular NG functions as electron donors to the Co core of Co–N4 active sites, leading to the downshift of d‐band center of Co–N4 and weakening the binding energies of the intermediates on Co–N4 sites, thus, significantly promoting catalytic kinetics and thermodynamics for ORR in a full pH range condition.
Scalable Spray Drying Production of Amorphous V2O5–EGO 2D Heterostructured Xerogels for High‐Rate and High‐Capacity Aqueous Zinc Ion Batteries
Authors: Zhang Yubai , Qin Jiadong , Batmunkh Munkhbayar , Li Wei , Fu Huaiqin , Wang Liang , Al‐Mamun Mohammad , Qi Dongchen , Liu Porun , Zhang Shanqing , Zhong Yu Lin 
Published: January 2022

AbstractRechargeable aqueous zinc‐ion batteries (ZIBs) are promising in stationary grid energy storage due to their advantages in safety and cost‐effectiveness, and the search for competent cathode materials is one core task in the development of ZIBs. Herein, the authors design a 2D heterostructure combining amorphous vanadium pentoxide and electrochemically produced graphene oxide (EGO) using a fast and scalable spray drying technique. The unique 2D heterostructured xerogel is achieved by controlling the concentration of EGO in the precursor solution. Driven by the improved electrochemical kinetics, the resultant xerogel can deliver an excellent rate capability (334 mAh g−1 at 5 A g−1) as well as a high specific capacity (462 mAh g−1 at 0.2 A g−1) as the cathode material in ZIB. It is also shown that the coin cell constructed based on spray‐dried xerogel can output steady, high energy densities over a broad power density window. This work provides a scalable and cost‐effective approach for making high performance electrode materials from cheap sources through existing industrialized materials processing.
Dynamic splitting tensile behaviors of ceramic aggregate concrete: An experimental and mesoscopic study
Authors: Zhang Jinhua , Liu Xinguo , Ding Kai , Wu Zhangyu 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThis paper presents an experimental and numerical study on the dynamic splitting tensile properties of ceramic aggregate concrete (CAC) that is composed of ceramic aggregates and mortar matrix. The maximum ceramic aggregate diameter includes 0.3, 0.6, and 0.9 cm. A series of split‐tension tests of CAC specimens were conducted first. Parametric studies such as the effects of aggregate size and strain rate, on the splitting tensile behaviors of CAC were presented in terms of tensile strength, stress–strain curve, failure patterns, and so on. Subsequently, we developed a three‐dimensional two‐phase mesoscale model for CAC, where the random distribution and size characteristics of ceramic aggregates in concrete were fully considered. Employing the developed mesoscopic model, systematic mesoscopic simulations were performed to investigate the mesoscopic responses of CAC under dynamic split‐tension loadings. Results indicated that the mechanic properties and cracking behaviors of CAC are associated with many factors, such as aggregate diameter, aggregate distribution and strain rate. Besides, there was a good agreement between the tested and numerical results, demonstrating that the developed mesoscale model has a significant reliability and potential in simulating the mechanical properties of CAC.
Effects of dietary stinging nettle (Urtica dioica) on hormone stress and selected serum biochemical parameters of broilers subjected to chronic heat stress
Authors: Mirsaiidi Farahani Mehrad , Hosseinian Seyedeh Alemeh 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundHeat stress is one of the most critical problems confronting the poultry industry. Stinging nettle (SN) is a medicinal plant with potent antioxidant properties.ObjectiveThe goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of dietary SN at two different levels (2 and 4%) on the serum levels of cortisol and some selected parameters of broilers exposed to chronic heat stress.MethodsA total of 240 broiler chickens were randomly assigned to six dietary groups as follows: (1) control: fed the basal diet; (2) HS: heat‐stressed broiler fed the basal diet; (3) HS‐SN2: heat‐stressed broiler fed 2% dietary SN; (4) HS‐SN4: heat‐stressed broilers fed 4% SN; (5) SN2: no heat‐stressed broilers fed the basal diet supplemented with 2% SN; (6) SN4: no heat‐stressed broilers fed the basal diet supplemented with 4% SN. Diet supplementation with SN was performed from days 14 to 35 and chronic heat stress was induced from days 22 to 29. The serum parameters were evaluated on days 14, 21, 29 and 35.ResultsHS had higher serum levels of cortisol, total cholesterol (TC), aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and creatine kinase (CK) compared to the other treatments. HS‐SN4 had significantly lower cortisol, TC, alanine aminotransferase and CK compared to HS and HS‐SN2.ConclusionsThe inclusion of 4% SN powder in the broilers’ diet alleviated the negative effects of heat stress by decreasing cortisol, TC and tissue damage indices. It seems that dietary SN could be used as a feed additive in the poultry diet for improving the health status and defence mechanisms of the birds under stressful conditions.
Enabling Systems Innovation in Climate Change Adaptation: Exploring the Role for MEL
Authors: Gregorowski Robbie , Bours Dennis 
Published: January 2022

AbstractTraditional monitoring, evaluation, and learning (MEL) approaches, methods, and tools no longer reflect the dynamic complexity of the severe (or “super-wicked”) problems that define the Anthropocene: climate change, environmental degradation, and global pandemics. In late 2019, the Adaptation Fund’s Technical Evaluation Reference Group (AF-TERG) commissioned a study to identify and assess innovative MEL approaches, methods, and technologies to better support and enable climate change adaptation (CCA) and to inform the Fund’s own approach to MEL. This chapter presents key findings from the study, with seven recommendations to support a systems innovation approach to CCA:

Promote and lead with a CCA systems innovation approach, engaging with key concepts of complex systems, super-wicked problems, the Anthropocene, and socioecological systems.

Engage better with participation, inclusivity, and voice in MEL.

Overcome risk aversion in CCA and CCA MEL through field testing new, innovative, and often more risky MEL approaches.

Demonstrate and promote using MEL to support and integrate adaptive management.

Work across socioecological systems and scales.

Advance MEL approaches to better support systematic evidence and learning for scaling and replicability.

Adapt or develop MEL approaches, methods, and tools tailored to CCA systems innovation.
Importance and Utilization of Theory-Based Evaluations in the Context of Sustainable Development and Social-Ecological Systems
Authors: Miyaguchi Takaaki 
Published: January 2022

AbstractNumerous challenges confront the task of evaluating sustainable development—its complex nature, complementary evaluation criteria, and the difficulty of evaluation at the nexus of human and natural systems. Theory-based evaluation, drawn from critical realism, is well suited to this task. When constructing a program theory/theory of change for evaluating sustainable development, concepts of socioecological systems and coupled human and natural systems are useful. The chapter discusses four modes of inference and the application of different theory-based evaluation approaches. It introduces the CHANS (coupled human and natural systems) framework, a holistic, analytical framework that is useful in evaluating such complex, social-ecological systems and resonates with the challenging elements of sustainable development evaluation.
Artificial Neural Networks and Deep Learning for Genomic Prediction of Binary, Ordinal, and Mixed Outcomes
Authors: Montesinos López Osval Antonio , Montesinos López Abelardo , Crossa Jose 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn this chapter, we provide the main elements for implementing deep neural networks in Keras for binary, categorical, and mixed outcomes under feedforward networks as well as the main practical issues involved in implementing deep learning models with binary response variables. The same practical issues are provided for implementing deep neural networks with categorical and count traits under a univariate framework. We follow with a detailed assessment of information for implementing multivariate deep learning models for continuous, binary, categorical, count, and mixed outcomes. In all the examples given, the data came from plant breeding experiments including genomic data. The training process for binary, ordinal, count, and multivariate outcomes is similar to fitting DNN models with univariate continuous outcomes, since once we have the data to be trained, we need to (a) define the DNN model in Keras, (b) configure and compile the model, (c) fit the model, and finally, (d) evaluate the prediction performance in the testing set. In the next section, we provide illustrative examples of training DNN for binary outcomes in Keras R (Chollet and Allaire, Deep learning with R. Manning Publications, Manning Early Access Program (MEA), 2017; Allaire and Chollet, Keras: R interface to Keras’, 2019).