bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inflammatory bowel disease and risk of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Jiali , Kou Fushun , Han Xiao , Shi Lei , Shi Rui , Wang Zhibin , Mao Tangyou , Li Junxiang 
Published: June 2022

Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease is a relapsing chronic gastrointestinal inflammatory disease. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is a rare but serious extraintestinal pulmonary manifestation of inflammatory bowel disease. However, the relationship between these two conditions is unclear. Therefore, this study aims to elucidate this relationship through a systematic review and meta-analysis, focusing on the risk of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.

Methods
The systematic review will be outlined according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses Protocols and its extension statement for reporting systematic reviews incorporating network meta-analyses of healthcare interventions: checklist and explanations. Original articles published in any language will be searched in the following databases: PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, Google Scholar, and Ovid. Observational studies that reveal an association measure between idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and inflammatory bowel disease will be included (cross sectional, cohort, and case-control trials). Two independent reviewers will be assigned to evaluate study quality using the Newcastle–Ottawa scale for assessing the quality of non-randomized studies in meta-analyses. Sensitivity analyses will be conducted based on the quality of included studies. All relevant studies will be assessed based on the study type, sample size, inflammatory bowel disease subtype, odds ratio, confidence interval, treatment strategy, and follow-up. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation approach will be used to rate the quality of the evidence.

Discussion
The results of this meta-analysis may show that patients with inflammatory bowel disease are at higher risk of developing idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. This study will be the first meta-analysis to focus on the association between inflammatory bowel disease and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Exploring the relationship between the two conditions may further enhance our understanding of the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and promote the development of related research fields.
Monitoring of wearing and occlusion times with smart shutter glasses—A proof of concept
Authors: Ihmig Frank R. , Januschowski Kai , Koch Timo , Velten Thomas , Rickmann Annekatrin 
Published: June 2022

Purpose
To develop and evaluate an electronic glasses frame for smart liquid crystal shutter glasses that monitors wearing and occlusion times to potentially improve therapy adherence in amblyopia therapy of children.

Methods
The first generation of an electronic glasses frame for adults was further developed, miniaturized and functionally tested in a proof of concept study on a small group of healthy children. Seven healthy children (4 females, 3 males, 2–9 years) were enrolled in the study. The subjects were instructed to wear the smart shutter glasses and to record their activities in daily life. Averaged and individual results were calculated for the precision of wearing position detection and activity recognition. Also, the proper execution of the configured occlusion pattern was observed.

Results
The first generation of an electronic glasses frame for smart liquid crystal shutter glasses in a miniaturized form factor for children. A key element is the implementation of the adaptive shutter operation and of smart algorithms for real-time therapy monitoring. In the proof of concept study, these algorithms monitored the state of wearing position, the wearer’s activity and the configured occlusion pattern. The average agreement of the detected states of wearing position was 72.6%. The average activity recognition match was 77.3%. The removal of the glasses was 100% correctly detected and the occlusion was 100% halted when active motion was recognized.

Conclusion
The assembled smart shutter glasses for children are suitable for demonstrating the feasibility of continuous therapy monitoring by calculating wearing and occlusion times due to smart algorithms for wearing position detection, activity recognition, and occlusion monitoring. However, further research and studies are necessary to optimize the individual fit and performance of this wearable therapeutic device.
The patient journey of newly arrived asylum seekers and responsiveness of care: A qualitative study in Germany
Authors: Biddle Louise , Ziegler Sandra , Baron Jenny , Flory Lea , Bozorgmehr Kayvan 
Published: June 2022

Background
Research on health and healthcare for asylum seekers and refugees (ASR) has focused strongly on accessibility and legal entitlements, with quality of care receiving little attention. This study aimed to assess responsiveness, as non-medical quality of care, in the narratives of ASR patients recently arrived in Germany.

Methods
31 ASR with existing medical conditions were recruited in six refugee reception centres and three psychosocial centres. Semi-structured, qualitative interviews were conducted which reconstructed their patient journey after arrival in Germany. Interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim and evaluated using thematic analysis.

Results
The experiences of participants throughout the patient journey provided a rich and varied description of the responsiveness of health services. Some dimensions of responsiveness, including respectful treatment, clear communication and trust, resurfaced throughout the narratives. These factors were prominent reasons for positive evaluations of the health system, and negative experiences were reported in their absence. Other dimensions, including cleanliness of facilities, autonomy of decision-making and choice of provider were raised seldomly. Positive experiences in Germany were often set in contrast to negative experiences in the participants’ countries of origin or during transit. Furthermore, many participants evaluated their experience with healthcare services in terms of the perceived technical quality of medical care rather than with reference to responsiveness.

Conclusion
This qualitative study among ASR analysed patient experiences to better understand responsiveness of care for this population. While our results show high overall satisfaction with health services in Germany, using the lens of responsiveness allowed us to identify particular policy areas where care can be strengthened further. These include in particular the expansion of high-quality interpreting services, provision of professional training to increase the competency of healthcare staff in caring for a diverse patient population, as well as an alignment between healthcare and asylum processes to promote continuity of care.
Pen-grip kinetics in children with and without handwriting difficulties
Authors: Lin Yu-Chen , Hsu Chieh-Hsiang , Lin Cheng-Feng , Hsu Hsiu-Yun , Liu Jin-Wei , Yeh Chien-Hsien , Kuo Li-Chieh 
Published: June 2022

Introduction
Handwriting difficulty (HD) is a widely discussed issue. Previous researchers have revealed many valuable kinematics related to the handwriting performance. However, a clear understanding of the kinetics of handwriting performance in children with HD is still lacking. Therefore, this study investigated the writing performance of children with HD via a force acquisition pen (FAP), which detects the force applied from the digits and pen tip.

Methods
Data from 64 school-age children were divided into control (36 children without HD; mean age: 7.97 years) and HD (28 children with HD; mean age: 8.67 years) groups. The participants were asked to perform a tracing task using the FAP at their usual writing pace.

Results
Compared with the control group, the HD group had significantly less pen-tip force, an average amount of force (in-air) from all three digits, higher force variations (whole task) in the index finger, less force fluctuations with the index and middle fingers and a smaller force ratio.

Conclusion
The findings of this study suggest that an understanding of the handwriting kinetics and the role of digits in handwriting may be crucial for further planning strategies for handwriting training for children with HD.
“Everything is revolved around me being heavy … it’s always, always spoken about.” Qualitative experiences of weight management during pregnancy in women with a BMI of 40kg/m2 or above
Authors: Fair Frankie J. , Watson Helen , Marvin-Dowle Katie , Spencer Rachael , Soltani Hora 
Published: June 2022

IntroductionMaternal weight management services have been recognised as a good opportunity to influence lifestyle and dietary behaviour of mothers and families. Exploring women’s views of maternal weight management services is paramount to understand what constitutes the most suitable service. This study therefore explored experiences among women with a raised body mass index (BMI) of maternal weight management service provision and the barriers and facilitators to weight management during pregnancy.MethodThirteen women with a BMI≥40kg/m² undertook semi-structured interviews around weight management experiences during pregnancy. Interviews were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim. Inductive thematic analysis was undertaken.ResultsFour themes emerged. 1). "Understanding where I am at" showed current readiness and motivation of women varied, from being avoidant to being motivated to make changes. 2). "Getting information" revealed inconsistent information provision during pregnancy. Women particularly wanted practical advice. Some attempted to find this for themselves from friends or the internet, however this left some women feeling confused when different sources provided inconsistent advice. 3). "Difficulties I face" identified physical, emotional and financial barriers and the strategies some women used to overcome these. 4). "Encountering professionals–a mixed experience" demonstrated women wanted to be treated with respect and sensitivity and that how weight management information was addressed was more important than who provided it. The fine line professionals tread was demonstrated by women thinking that they had received inadequate information and yet too much focus was placed on their weight and the associated risks during pregnancy without practical solutions to their weight management challenges.DiscussionWomen were empowered when practical advice was provided, not just the continual repetition of the risks of being obese during pregnancy. Antenatal weight management services need to be clear, sensitive and respectful. Services centred on individual women’s needs and on their current and previous experiences are required. The psychological and social contexts of weight management also need to be addressed.
Socioeconomic status and stroke severity: Understanding indirect effects via risk factors and stroke prevention using innovative statistical methods for mediation analysis
Authors: Lindmark Anita , Eriksson Marie , Darehed David 
Published: June 2022

Background
Those with low socioeconomic status have an increased risk of stroke, more severe strokes, reduced access to treatment, and more adverse outcomes after stroke. The question is why these differences are present. In this study we investigate to which extent the association between low socioeconomic status and stroke severity can be explained by differences in risk factors and stroke prevention drugs.

Methods
The study included 86 316 patients registered with an ischemic stroke in the Swedish Stroke Register (Riksstroke) 2012–2016. Data on socioeconomic status was retrieved from the Longitudinal integrated database for health insurance and labour market studies (LISA) by individual linkage. We used education level as proxy for socioeconomic status, with primary school education classified as low education. Stroke severity was measured using the Reaction Level Scale, with values above 1 classified as severe strokes. To investigate the pathways via risk factors and stroke prevention drugs we performed a mediation analysis estimating indirect and direct effects.

Results
Low education was associated with an excess risk of a severe stroke compared to mid/high education (absolute risk difference 1.4%, 95% CI: 1.0%-1.8%), adjusting for confounders. Of this association 28.5% was an indirect effect via risk factors (absolute risk difference 0.4%, 95% CI: 0.3%-0.5%), while the indirect effect via stroke prevention drugs was negligible.

Conclusion
Almost one third of the association between low education and severe stroke was explained by risk factors, and clinical effort should be taken to reduce these risk factors to decrease stroke severity among those with low socioeconomic status.
Improving stigma and psychosocial outcomes among post-abortion Kenyan women attending private clinics: A randomized controlled trial of a person-centered mobile phone-based intervention
Authors: Sudhinaraset May , Landrian Amanda , Cotter Sun Yu , Golub Ginger , Opot James , Seefeld C. Avery , Phillips Beth , Ikiugu Edward 
Published: June 2022

Objectives
The objective of this study was to evaluate a person-centered abortion care mobile-based intervention on perceived social stigma, social support, mental health and post-abortion care experiences among Kenyan women who received abortion services at private clinics.

Methods
This randomized controlled study enrolled women who obtained an abortion from private clinics in Nairobi county, Kenya and randomized them into one of three study arms: 1) standard of care (follow-up by service provider call center); 2) post-abortion phone follow-up by a peer counselor (a woman who has had an abortion herself and is trained in person-centered abortion care); or 3) post-abortion phone follow-up by a nurse (a nurse who is trained in person-centered abortion care). All participants were followed-up at two- and four-weeks post-abortion to evaluate intervention effects on mental health, social support, and abortion-related stigma scores. A Kruskal-Wallis one-way ANOVA test was used to assess the effect of each intervention compared to the control group. In total, 371 women participated at baseline and were each randomized to the study arms.

Results
Using Kruskal-Wallis tests, the nurse arm improved mental health scores from baseline to week two; however this was only marginally significant (p = 0.059). The nurse arm also lowered stigma scores from baseline to week four, and this was marginally significant (p = 0.099). No other differences were found between the study arms. This person-centered mobile phone-based intervention may improve mental health and decrease perceived stigma among Kenyan women who received abortion services in private clinics.

Conclusions
Nurses trained in person-centered abortion care, in particular, may improve women’s experiences post-abortion and potentially reduce feelings of shame and stigma and improve mental health in this context.
A Clinico - Ultrasonological Study on Preoperative Evaluation of Right Iliac Fossa Mass
Authors: Grey Bernard Francis  , Karthikeyan Somasundaran  , Ashmitha Charithra  
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND
Right iliac fossa mass, a common condition, needs accurate arrival of diagnosis since management of each condition differs. Ultrasound is a quick, non-invasive test that has bridged the gap between palpation and direct visualization. The role of ultrasound in preoperative evaluation proves to be essential as it enables the surgeon to diagnose and treat the pathology with accuracy thereby obviating the need for further investigations. We wanted to evaluate the role of ultrasound in preoperative evaluation of right iliac fossa mass.
METHODS
A prospective study of 60 patients with clinically diagnosed RIF mass was done. Ultrasound examination by 5 and 7.5 MHz transducers was done and the clinical, radiological findings and final diagnosis were compared.
RESULTS
In our study, vast majority of the cases (50 %) presented with appendicular mass, 24 % presented with appendicular abscess, ileocaecal tuberculosis 17 %, carcinoma caecum 7%, psoas abscess 1 % and ileal lymphadenopathy 1 %. The appendicular abscess was common in 15-20 years, appendicular mass in 21-40 years, ileocaecal tuberculosis in 41-50 years, carcinoma caecum was in > 50 years, psoas abscess in 21-30 years, and ileal lymphadenopathy in 20-34 years of age. Ultrasound was able to find out the bowel thickening with target sign and pseudo kidney sign in ileo-caecal tuberculosis and carcinoma caecum with moderate specificity. Psoas abscesses were confirmed with ultrasound.
CONCLUSIONS
Appendicular pathology constituted a majority of cases. The ultrasound was able to detect appendicular abscesses with high sensitivity and specificity. It is an adjuvant diagnostic tool in cases of ileocaecal tuberculosis and carcinoma caecum. Ultrasound helped in the early assessment of the patient, enhanced the treatment effectiveness thereby reducing the morbidity and enabled early surgical intervention whenever necessary. Ultrasound, a non-invasive radiological imaging without any exposure to radiation with excellent results is an ideal first-line imaging modality in the preoperative evaluation of RIF mass.
Vedolizumab-Induced Acute Interstitial Nephritis in Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: Subhaharan Deloshaan , Ramaswamy Pradeep K. , Francisco Sewwandi , Ishaq Naveed 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT
Vedolizumab is used in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease and is generally well tolerated. We report a 20-year-old man who presented with right flank pain on a background of ulcerative colitis. He was on vedolizumab with his last dose 1 week before the onset of symptoms. Kidney function tests revealed a serum creatinine of 171 μmoL/L and a C-reactive protein of 74 mg/L. Kidney biopsy demonstrated focal acute interstitial nephritis. He was prescribed oral prednisolone and achieved complete recovery of renal function within 3 weeks. At the follow-up after 4 months, his renal function remains normal.
Hubungan Dukungan Suami dengan Pemberian ASI Eksklusif
Authors: Silaen Ribka Septiana , Novayelinda Riri , Zukhra Ririn Muthia 
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Husband support is an important factor that influences a mother's decision to give exclusive breastfeeding to their baby. Previous studies refer to the dimensions of husband's support, while research related to the relationship between husband's support and exclusive breastfeeding based on the husband's support component is still a little done and requires further research. The study aimed to examine the relationship of husband support needed by mothers with exclusive breastfeeding practice in the Simpang Tiga Health Care working area.Methods: The design of this study is a descriptive correlation with a cross-sectional study approach. The samples in this study were 89 participants taken using the purposive sampling technique with the inclusion criteria are mothers who are willing to be respondents, mothers who have babies aged 6 to 12 months, and mothers who have been given breast milk. Data analysis was performed by Chi-square test.Results: Main results distinguished that there is a relationship of husband support needed by mothers with exclusive breastfeeding practice p-value (0.015) < alpha (0.05). This is indicative that there is a significant relationship between husband support needed by mothers with exclusive breastfeeding practice.Conclusion: The husband's support needed by mothers has a relationship with exclusive breastfeeding practice. Husbands need to provide support to mothers during breastfeeding period because it can affect the amount of milk produced by mothers, affect the duration of exclusive breast feeding and affect the mother's choice of breastfeeding.
Effects of experimental hypovolemia and pain on pre‐ejection period and pulse transit time in healthy volunteers
Authors: Djupedal Håvard , Nøstdahl Torkjell , Hisdal Jonny , Landsverk Svein Aslak , Høiseth Lars Øivind 
Published: June 2022

AbstractTrauma patients may suffer significant blood loss, and noninvasive methods to diagnose hypovolemia in these patients are needed. Physiologic effects of hypovolemia, aiming to maintain blood pressure, are largely mediated by increased sympathetic nervous activity. Trauma patients may however experience pain, which also increases sympathetic nervous activity, potentially confounding measures of hypovolemia. Elucidating the common and separate effects of the two stimuli on diagnostic methods is therefore important. Lower body negative pressure (LBNP) and cold pressor test (CPT) are experimental models of central hypovolemia and pain, respectively. In the present analysis, we explored the effects of LBNP and CPT on pre‐ejection period and pulse transit time, aiming to further elucidate the potential use of these variables in diagnosing hypovolemia in trauma patients. We exposed healthy volunteers to four experimental sequences with hypovolemia (LBNP 60 mmHg) or normovolemia (LBNP 0 mmHg) and pain (CPT) or no pain (sham) in a 2 × 2 fashion. We calculated pre‐ejection period and pulse transit time from ECG and ascending aortic blood velocity (suprasternal Doppler) and continuous noninvasive arterial pressure waveform (volume‐clamp method). Fourteen subjects were available for the current analyses. This experimental study found that pre‐ejection period increased with hypovolemia and remained unaltered with pain. Pulse transit time was reduced by pain and increased with hypovolemia. Thus, the direction of change in pulse transit time has the potential to distinguish hypovolemia and pain.
The impact of daytime transoral neuromuscular stimulation on upper airway physiology – A mechanistic clinical investigation
Authors: Nokes Brandon , Schmickl Christopher N. , Brena Rebbecca , Bosompra Nana Naa‐Oye , Gilbertson Dillon , Sands Scott A. , Bhattacharjee Rakesh , Mann Dwayne L. , Owens Robert L. , Malhotra Atul , Orr Jeremy E. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThere is a need for alternatives to positive airway pressure for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea and snoring. Improving upper airway dilator function might alleviate upper airway obstruction. We hypothesized that transoral neuromuscular stimulation would reduce upper airway collapse in concert with improvement in genioglossal muscle function. Subjects with simple snoring and mild OSA (AHI < 15/h on screening) underwent in‐laboratory polysomnography with concurrent genioglossal electromyography (EMGgg) before and after 4–6 weeks of twice‐daily transoral neuromuscular stimulation. Twenty patients completed the study: Sixteen males, mean ± SD age 40 ± 13 years, and BMI 26.3 ± 3.8 kg/m2. Although there was no change in non‐rapid eye movement EMGgg phasic (p = 0.66) or tonic activity (p = 0.83), and no decrease in snoring or flow limitation, treatment was associated with improvements in tongue endurance, sleep quality, and sleep efficiency. In this protocol, transoral neurostimulation did not result in changes in genioglossal activity or upper airway collapse, but other beneficial effects were noted suggesting a need for additional mechanistic investigation.