bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Low baseline ischemic water uptake is directly related to overestimation of CT perfusion-derived ischemic core volume
Authors: McDonough Rosalie , Elsayed Sarah , Meyer Lukas , Ewers Theresa , Bechstein Matthias , Kniep Helge , Nawka Marie Teresa , Faizy Tobias D. , Schön Gerhard , Thomalla Götz , Fiehler Jens , Hanning Uta , Kemmling Andre , Broocks Gabriel 
Published: November 2022

AbstractComputed-tomography perfusion (CTP) is frequently used to screen acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients for endovascular treatment (EVT), despite known problems with ischemic “core” overestimation. This potentially leads to the unfair exclusion of patients from EVT. We propose that net water uptake (NWU) can be used in addition to CTP to more accurately assess the extent and/or stage of tissue infarction. Patients treated for AIS between 06/2015 and 07/2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Baseline CTP-derived core volume (pCore) and NWU were determined. Logistic regression tested the relationship between baseline clinical and imaging variables and core-overestimation (primary outcome). The secondary outcomes comprised 90-day functional independence (modified Rankin score) and lesion growth. 284 patients were included. Median NWU was 7.2% (IQR 2.6–12.8). ASPECTS (RR 1.28, 95% CI 1.09–1.51), NWU (RR 0.94, 95% CI 0.89–0.98), onset to recanalization (RR 1.00, 95% CI 0.99–1.00) and imaging (RR 1.00, 95% CI 1.00–1.00) times, and pCore (RR 1.02, 95% CI 1.01–1.02) were significantly associated with core overestimation. Core-overestimation was more likely to occur in patients with large pCores and low NWU at baseline. NWU was significantly correlated with lesion growth. We conclude that NWU can be used as a supplemental tool to CTP during admission imaging to more accurately assess the extent of ischemia, particularly relevant for patients with large CTP-defined cores who would otherwise be excluded from treatment.
Urban water supply systems’ resilience under earthquake scenario
Authors: Bata Mo’Tamad H. , Carriveau Rupp , Ting David S.-K. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThreats to water supply systems have increased in number and intensity. Natural disasters such as earthquakes have caused different types of damage to water distribution networks (WDN), particularly for those with aged infrastructure. This paper investigates the resilience of an existing water distribution network under seismic hazard. An earthquake generation model coupled with a probabilistic flow-based pressure driven demand hydraulic model is investigated and applied to an existing WDN. A total of 27 earthquake scenarios and 2 repair strategies were simulated. The analysis examined hydraulic resilience metrics such as pressure, leak demand, water serviceability, and population impacted. The results show that nodal pressure drops below nominal pressure and reaches zero in some earthquake scenarios. Leak demand could reach to more than 10 m3/s within hours following an earthquake. Water serviceability drops to a low of 40% and population impacted reaches up to 90% for a 6.5 M earthquake, for example. This study highlights and quantifies vulnerabilities within the simulated WDN. The tools outlined here illustrate an approach that can: (1) ultimately help to better inform utility water safety plans, and (2) prepare proactive strategies to mitigate/repair before a hazard of this nature occurs.
A stable, engineered TL1A ligand co-stimulates T cells via specific binding to DR3
Authors: Zwolak Adam , Chan Szeman Ruby , Harvilla Paul , Mahady Sally , Armstrong Anthony A. , Luistro Leopoldo , Tamot Ninkka , Yamada Douglas , Derebe Mehabaw , Pomerantz Steven , Chiu Mark , Ganesan Rajkumar , Chowdhury Partha 
Published: November 2022

AbstractTL1A (TNFSF15) is a TNF superfamily ligand which can bind the TNFRSF member death receptor 3 (DR3) on T cells and the soluble decoy receptor DcR3. Engagement of DR3 on CD4+ or CD8+ effector T cells by TL1A induces downstream signaling, leading to proliferation and an increase in secretion of inflammatory cytokines. We designed a stable recombinant TL1A molecule that (1) displays high monodispersity and stability, (2) displays the ability to activate T cells in vitro and in vivo, and (3) lacks binding to DcR3 while retaining functional activity via DR3. Together these results suggest the TL1A ligand can be amenable to therapeutic development on its own or paired with a tumor-targeting moiety.
High-dose extended-field radiotherapy plus chemotherapy improved survival in extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma in a real-life setting: results from the multicenter T-Cell Brazil Project
Authors: de Pádua Covas Lage Luís Alberto , Machado Pedro Paulo Faust , Reichert Cadiele Oliana , Miranda Eliana , Culler Hebert Fabrício , da Siqueira Sheila Aparecida Coelho , de Oliveira Costa Renata , Miyashiro Dênis Ricardo , Sanches José Antônio , Rocha Vanderson , Chiattone Carlos Sérgio , Pereira Juliana 
Published: November 2022

AbstractExtranodal natural-killer/T-cell lymphoma (ENKTL) is a rare and aggressive Epstein-Barr virus related mature T-cell and natural-killer malignancy. Although highly prevalent in South America, few studies covering data from this geographic location have been published. Therefore, this study aims to report clinical characteristics, prognostic factors, and outcomes in a multicenter cohort of ENKTL patients from Brazil. This retrospective, observational and multicenter study included 98 ENKTL patients treated during two decades in Brazil. Data were extracted from the T-Cell Brazil Project database. In our cohort, 59/98 patients (60.2%) were male, with a median age of 50 years. Sixty-two patients (63.3%) had B-symptoms, 26/98 (26.5%) had Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group scale ≥ 2; 16/98 (16.3%) presented extranasal disease and 34.7% (34/98) were advanced-stage (Ann Arbor/Cotswolds III/IV). The median follow-up for the whole cohort was 49 months, with an estimated 2-year overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) of 51.1% and 17.7%, respectively. In early-stage disease (IE/IIE), the median OS was 21.8 months for patients treated with concurrent radiotherapy plus chemotherapy (CCRT-VIPD [etoposide/vp-16, ifosfamide, cisplatin and dexamethasone), 16.2 months for sequential chemoradiotherapy (SCRT) followed by asparaginase-based regimens, and 56.7 months for SCRT followed by CHOP-like (cyclophosphamide, doxorrubicin, vincristine and prednisone) treatments, p = 0.211. CCRT was associated with higher rates of early-mortality, hematological toxicity, and mucositis. Median OS was 8.2 months for patients with advanced-stage disease receiving regimens containing asparaginase compared to 3.2 months for anthracycline-based therapy, p = 0.851. Chemo-radiotherapy (CRT) regimens demonstrated better OS (p = 0.001) and PFS (p = 0.007) than chemotherapy alone. Multivariate analysis revealed anemia, relapsed/refractory (R/R) disease and radiotherapy omission as poor outcome predictors for OS. Lymphopenia and radiotherapy omission adversely affected PFS. Concerning progression of disease within 24-months (POD-24), clinical stage III/IV was a poor outcome predictor. In this real-life Brazilian cohort, ENKTL presented dismal outcomes. Radiation therapy was an independent factor for increased OS and PFS, but CCRT regimens were associated with higher toxicities. Polychemotherapy based on anti-multi drug resistant agents was not associated with survival benefit in either early or advanced-stage disease in our patient cohort.
Transverse abdominis plane block compared with patient-controlled epidural analgesia following abdominal surgery: a meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis
Authors: Jeong Young Hyun , Jung Ji-Yoon , Cho Hyeyeon , Yoon Hyun-Kyu , Yang Seong-Mi , Lee Ho-Jin , Kim Won Ho 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThoracic epidural analgesia (TEA) and transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block are used for pain control after abdominal surgery. Although there have been several meta-analyses comparing these two techniques, the conclusion was limited by a small number of studies and heterogeneity among studies. Our meta-analysis used the Medline, EMBASE, and Cochrane central library databases from their inception through September 2022. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing TEA and TAP block were included. The pre-specified primary outcome was the pain score at rest at 12 h postoperatively. Twenty-two RCTs involving 1975 patients were included. Pooled analyses showed the pain score at rest at 12 h postoperatively was significantly different between groups favoring TEA group (Mean difference [MD] 0.58, 95% confidence interval CI − 0.01, 1.15, P = 0.04, I2 = 94%). TEA group significantly reduced the pain score at 48 h at rest (MD 0.59, 95% CI 0.15, 1.03, P = 0.009, I2 = 86%) and at 48 h at movement (MD 0.53, 95% CI 0.07, 0.99, P = 0.03, I2 = 76%). However, there was no significant difference at other time points. Time to ambulation was shorter in TAP block but the incidence of hypotension at 24 h and 72 h was significantly lower in TAP block compared to TEA. Trial sequential analysis showed that the required information size has not yet been reached. Our meta-analysis demonstrated there was no significant or clinically meaningful difference in the postoperative pain scores between TEA and TAP block group. Given the insufficient information size revealed by TSA, the high risk of bias of our included studies, and the significant heterogeneity of our meta-analysis results, our results should be interpreted carefully but it is not likely that the addition of further studies could prove any clinically meaningful difference in pain score between these two techniques.
Open-circuit voltage of organic solar cells: interfacial roughness makes the difference
Authors: Poelking Carl , Benduhn Johannes , Spoltore Donato , Schwarze Martin , Roland Steffen , Piersimoni Fortunato , Neher Dieter , Leo Karl , Vandewal Koen , Andrienko Denis 
Published: November 2022

AbstractOrganic photovoltaics (PV) is an energy-harvesting technology that offers many advantages, such as flexibility, low weight and cost, as well as environmentally benign materials and manufacturing techniques. Despite growth of power conversion efficiencies to around 19 % in the last years, organic PVs still lag behind inorganic PV technologies, mainly due to high losses in open-circuit voltage. Understanding and improving open circuit voltage in organic solar cells is challenging, as it is controlled by the properties of a donor-acceptor interface where the optical excitations are separated into charge carriers. Here, we provide an electrostatic model of a rough donor-acceptor interface and test it experimentally on small molecule PV materials systems. The model provides concise relationships between the open-circuit voltage, photovoltaic gap, charge-transfer state energy, and interfacial morphology. In particular, we show that the electrostatic bias generated across the interface reduces the photovoltaic gap. This negative influence on open-circuit voltage can, however, be circumvented by adjusting the morphology of the donor-acceptor interface.
Characterization of Shear Stress Mediated Platelet Dysfunction: Data from an Ex Vivo Model for Extracorporeal Circulation and a Prospective Clinical Study
Authors: Hidiatov Oleg , Gaupp Alisha , Marini Irene , Pelzl Lisann , Wagner Miriam , Rigoni Flavianna , Witzemann Andreas , Häberle Helene , Martus Peter , Ngamsri Kristian-Christos , Konrad Franziska M. , Rosenberger Peter , Straub Andreas , Bakchoul Tamam , Althaus Karina 
Published: November 2022

Extracorporeal circulation (ECC) is frequently used in intensive care patients with impaired lung or cardiac function. Despite being a life-saving therapeutic option, ECC is associated with increased risk for both bleeding and thrombosis. The management of bleeding and thromboembolic events in ECC patients is still challenging partly due to the lack of information on the pathophysiological changes in hemostasis and platelet function during the procedure. Using a combination of an ex vivo model for shear stress and a sensitive and easy-to-use laboratory method, we analyzed platelet responsiveness during ECC. After shear stress simulation in an ex vivo closed-loop ECC model, we found a significantly decreased response of α-granules after activation with adenosine diphosphate and thrombin receptor activating peptide (TRAP-6) and CD63 expression after activation with TRAP-6. Mepacrine uptake was also significantly reduced in the ex vivo shear stress model.In the same line, platelets from patients under ECC with venovenous systems and venoarterial systems showed impaired CD62P degranulation after stimulation with ADP and TRAP-6 compared with healthy control on day 1, 6, and 10 after implantation of ECC. However, no correlation between platelet degranulation and the occurrence of bleeding or thromboembolic events was observed.The used whole blood flow cytometry with immediate fixation after drawing introduces a sensitive and easy-to-use method to determine platelet activation status and our data confirm that increased shear stress conditions under ECC can cause impaired degranulation of platelet.
Association between Platelet Count and Treatment Effect of Ticagrelor or Prasugrel in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndromes
Authors: Koch Tobias , Lahu Shqipdona , Coughlan J. J. , Cassese Salvatore , Voll Felix , Ndrepepa Gjin , Menichelli Maurizio , Valina Christian , Hemetsberger Rayyan , Witzenbichler Bernhard , Bernlochner Isabell , Joner Michael , Xhepa Erion , Mayer Katharina , Kessler Thorsten , Laugwitz Karl-Ludwig , Richardt Gert , Schunkert Heribert , Angiolillo Dominick J. , Sibbing Dirk , Kastrati Adnan , Kufner Sebastian 
Published: November 2022

Background The relative efficacy and safety of ticagrelor and prasugrel based dual antiplatelet therapy strategies according to the platelet count (PC) in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS) have not been defined.
Methods This is a posthoc analysis of the ISAR-REACT 5 trial, in which patients presenting with ACS were randomized to treatment with ticagrelor versus prasugrel. Patients were divided into quartiles according to PC. The primary endpoint was incidence of death, myocardial infarction, or stroke, and the safety endpoint was incidence of BARC (Bleeding Academic Research Consortium) type 3 to 5 bleeding at 12 months.
Results A total of 3,943 patients with known PC (997 patients in quartile 1 (Q1), 1,003 in quartile 2 (Q2) [205 ± 10.3 × 109/L], 961 patients in quartile 3 (Q3) [241 ± 11.7 × 109/L], and 982 patients in quartile 4 (Q4) [317 ± 68.6 × 109/L]). There was no significant interaction between treatment arm (ticagrelor vs. prasugrel) and PC group with respect to primary endpoint (Q1: 8.8 vs. 6.3%, hazard ratio [HR] =1.41, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.89–2.23; p = 0.148; Q2: 9.9 vs. 5.8%, HR = 1.68, 95% CI: 1.06–2.66; p = 0.027; Q3: 7.8 vs. 5.5%, HR = 1.43, 95% CI: 0.87–2.37; p = 0.159; Q4: 10.1 vs. 10.1%, HR = 1.05, 95% CI: 0.71–1.57; p = 0.799; p for interaction [p
int] = 0.482) and with respect to bleeding endpoint (Q1: 5.8 vs. 4.2%, HR = 1.41, 95% CI: 0.76–2.63; p = 0.279; Q2: 6.4 vs. 3.7%, HR = 1.62, 95% CI: 0.85–2.06; p = 0.140; Q3: 4.4 vs. 3.0%, HR = 1.53, 95% CI: 0.73–3.18; p = 0.258; Q4: 5.6 vs. 8.5%, HR = 0.67, 95% CI: 0.40–1.14; p = 0.138, p
int = 0.102).
Conclusions In this analysis, incidences of ischemic and bleeding events at 12 months are comparable across quartiles of platelet count.
Attitude of the Dental Undergraduate Students and Interns towards Dentistry Post COVID-19
Authors: Bhat Supriya , Gadiyar Akshatha 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Introduction The period of coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) is a significant period from various aspects such as world health and socioeconomic considerations. The majority of the hospitals involved in dental education had previously limited their clinical practices to dental emergencies, but now are geared up for nonemergent conditions. As teaching modalities shifted to online platforms, students have reported to be anxious with regard to accomplishment of required clinical skills, patient care, and forthcoming graduation. Fresh graduates have reported a delay in the drive, which they would have been able to achieve in the initial stages of their profession.
Objectives To assess the attitude of the dental undergraduate students and interns toward dentistry post-COVID-19.
Results The majority (80.2%) were prepared for the challenges lying ahead before beginning to work on patients. Also, 16% were willing to treat patients, 28% did not want to treat patients, while 44% were willing to handle emergency cases. Next, 67.8% were scared of infecting themselves while administering dental treatment and 78.9% were concerned that there could be more such pandemics. In total, 21.6% of the respondents who wished that they chose an alternate profession whereas 70.5% of participants felt that the scope of dentistry has not diminished. Also, 90.7% were interested to pursue postgraduation, and 86.3% felt that this was a passing phase and things would be normalized soon.
Conclusion With second and third waves being rampant, novel coronavirus has become a public health crisis. Because dental services cannot be stopped for a long time, it is essential for dental students to be well trained to limit the spread of the disease. Owing to the present scenario, appropriate donning and doffing of PPE (personal protective equipment) is a pivotal step in direct patient care, and simulation-based training may help ensure that these skills are acquired by them.
Giant Sternal Pilomatricoma: An Unusual Tumor at an Uncommon Site
Authors: Shetty Abhijith Sudhakar , HL Kishan Prasad , Asnani Ritu 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPilomatricoma, pilomatrixoma, or calcified epithelioma of Malherbe is an uncommon, benign, isolated tumor of hair matrix primarily seen in children and young adults. The most common location is the head and neck region. It usually manifests as a small nodular mass. Here we report a rare case of giant pilomatricoma over the sternum in a 60-year-old male patient with an unusual clinical and radiological presentation mimicking a calcified sebaceous cyst.
Cutting-Edge Developments in Oncology Research
Authors: Datta Neelabh 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe field of oncology research has made many successful advances, and new discoveries have started making headlines. As an example, the identification of immune checkpoint inhibition mechanisms in carcinogenic cells led to the development of immunoassays, which have helped many cancer convalescents recover. This article covers the most advanced cutting-edge areas of cancer research: exosomes, microbiomes, immunotherapy, nanocarriers, and organoids. Research on exosomes advances cancer detection and treatment modalities, as well as further understanding of mechanisms that regulate carcinogen cell division, proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. Microbiome consents the researchers to understand the disease cancer. Immunotherapy is the third method in the treatment of cancer. Organoid biology will be further expanded with the aim of translating research into customized therapeutic therapies. Nanocarriers enable cancer specific drug delivery by inherent unreceptive targeting phenomena and implemented active targeting strategies. These areas of research may also bring about the advent of the latest cancer treatments in the future. Malignant infections are one of the leading grounds for demise in the society. Patients are treated with surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy. In chemotherapy, the malignant cells are destroyed and the tumor burden is reduced. However, in most cases, resistance to chemotherapy develops. Therefore, there is a constant need for new additional treatment modalities and chemotherapeutic complex rules. Due to the rapid development in cancer research, I can only mention a few goals and treatment options that I have chosen; However, this review specializes in new and admirable significant strategies and compounds.
Building eco-surplus culture among urban residents as a novel strategy to improve finance for conservation in protected areas
Authors: Nguyen Minh-Hoang , Jones Thomas E. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe rapidly declining biosphere integrity, representing one of the core planetary boundaries, is alarming. In particular, the global numbers of mammals, birds, fishes, and plants declined by 68% from 1970 to 2016. One of the most widely accepted measures to halt the rate of biodiversity loss is to maintain and expand protected areas that are effectively managed. However, doing so requires substantial finance derived from nature-based tourism, specifically visitors from urban areas. Using the Bayesian Mindsponge Framework (BMF) for conducting analysis on 535 Vietnamese urban residents, the current study examined how their biodiversity loss perceptions can affect their willingness to pay for the entrance fee and conservation in protected areas. We found that perceived environmental degradation, loss of economic growth, loss of nature-based recreation opportunities, and loss of knowledge as consequences of biodiversity loss indirectly affect the willingness to pay through the mediation of the attitude towards conservation. Notably, perceived knowledge loss also has a direct positive influence on the willingness to pay for the entrance fee and conservation. In contrast, perceived loss of health is negatively associated with the attitude towards conservation. Based on these findings, we suggest that building an eco-surplus culture among urban residents by stimulating their subjective cost-benefit judgments towards biodiversity loss can be a promising way to generate more finance from nature-based tourism for conservation in protected areas and ease the domestic government’s and international organizations’ funding allocation problems. Eco-surplus culture is a set of pro-environmental attitudes, values, beliefs, and behaviors shared by a group of people to reduce negative anthropogenic impacts on the environment and conserve and restore nature.
Degree adverbs in spoken Mandarin
Authors: Huang Pei-Wen , Chen Alvin Cheng-Hsien 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Managing near-synonymous morphosyntactic constructions in language is often at the core of a speaker’s grammatical competence. This study investigates the usage patterns of four near-synonymous degree adverb constructions (i.e., hěn, tài, mán, and chāo) in the Taiwan Mandarin Corpus in TalkBank. After retrieving the concordance lines of these four constructions from the corpus, we manually annotated their co-occurring linguistic patterns/structures at multiple linguistic levels. In particular, we utilized a corpus-based behavioral profile approach to determine the interrelationship of the four constructions based on their distributional patterns and identified their distinctive behavioral patterns, producing a comprehensive delineation of their functional differences. Our analysis suggests that these four constructions fall into two super-clusters, i.e., chāo-mán and tài-hěn. Chāo and mán differ mainly in the pragmatic sentiments of their associated predicates, their co-occurrences with the nominalization structure, and their productivity in lexicalization. Tài and hěn differ mainly in their co-occurrences with the final particle -le, the semantic and pragmatic functions of their associated predicates, and the semantics of their associated head nouns. We have also connected these corpus-based distributional patterns to previous research findings, demonstrating the effectiveness and applicability of the behavioral profile approach for the analysis of near-synonymous morphosyntactic alternations in language.