bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Helicobacterspecies binding to the human gastric mucosa
Authors: Matos Rita , Sousa Hugo Santos , Nogueiro Jorge , Magalhães Ana , Reis Celso A. , Carneiro Fátima , Amorim Irina , Haesebrouck Freddy , Gärtner Fátima 
Published: December 2021

AbstractHelicobacter pyloriinfects half of the world population, being associated with several gastric disorders, such as chronic gastritis and gastric carcinoma. TheHelicobactergenus also includes other gastric helicobacters, such asH.heilmannii¸ H.ailurogastricus,H.suis,H.felis,H.bizzozeronii, andH.salomonis. These gastric helicobacters colonize both the human and animal stomach. The prevalence of gastric non‐Helicobacter pylori Helicobacter(NHPH) species in humans has been described as low, and thein vitrobinding to the human gastric mucosa was never assessed. Herein, human gastric tissue sections were used for the evaluation of the tissue glycophenotype and for the binding of gastric NHPH strains belonging to different species. Histopathological evaluation showed that 37.5% of the patients enrolled in our cohort presented chronic gastritis, while the presence of neutrophil or eosinophilic activity (chronic active gastritis) was observed in 62.5% of the patients. The secretor phenotype was observed in 68.8% of the individuals, based on the expression of Lewis B antigen and binding of the UleX lectin. Thein vitrobinding assay showed that all the NHPH strains evaluated were able to bind, albeit in low frequency, to the human gastric mucosa. TheH.heilmannii,H.bizzozeronii, andH.salomonisstrains displayed the highest binding ability both to the gastric superficial epithelium and to the deep glands. Interestingly, we observed binding of NHPH to the gastric mucosa of individuals with severe chronic inflammation and intestinal metaplasia, suggesting that NHPH binding may not be restricted to the healthy gastric mucosa or slight chronic gastritis. Furthermore, thein vitrobinding of NHPH strains was observed both in secretor and non‐secretor individuals in a similar frequency. In conclusion, this study is the first report of thein vitrobinding ability of gastric NHPH species to the human gastric mucosa. The results suggest that other glycans, besides the Lewis antigens, could be involved in the bacterial adhesion mechanism; however, the molecular intervenients remain unknown.
The effect of whitening toothpastes on polyurethane and silicone orthodontic clear ligatures: A clinical study
Authors: Flores Milagros Juliana Sueiro , Saraiva Maria da Conceição Pereira , Scheicher Gabriel Valente , Souza Fernanda de Carvalho Panzeri Pires de , Stuani Maria Bernadete Sasso , Romano Fabio Lourenço , Matsumoto Mirian Aiko Nakane 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to verify the effects of bleaching toothpaste on colour stability, elastic properties, surface topography between aesthetic polyurethane and silicone elastomeric ligatures from different brands.MethodsElastomeric ligatures tested were: 1‐Mini Single Case Ligature Stick (RMO‐polyurethane); 2‐Ligature “S” Shaped Dispenser (RMO‐Silicone); 3‐Sany‐tie (GAC‐translucent polyurethane); and 4‐Sili‐tie (GAC‐translucent silicone). The ligatures were randomly assigned from the brackets of canines and lower incisors of 40 patients. The study had two phases of 30 days in which a different toothpaste was used, followed by a washout period of 30 days. After each phase, ligatures were submitted to colour checking, tensile strength, and SEM.ResultsThe average of the ultimate tensile strength (m = 2.59; DP = 0.014) was higher in the control ligatures if compared to the tested ones (m = 2.24; DP = 0.014). There were no statistically significant differences between toothpastes regarding the type of ligature. Also, no interaction was observed between toothpastes in ligature's ultimate tensile strength and strain. The type of toothpaste did not minimize colour changes.ConclusionIn conclusion, there was no difference in colour stability and elastic properties between polyurethane or silicone aesthetic elastomeric modules. Whitening toothpastes had no impact on ligatures performance after 30 days in the oral cavity.
Virtual simulation: New method for assessing teamwork skills
Authors: Kotlyar Igor , Krasman Joe 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe objective of this study is to explore the potential of a new method for assessing teamwork skills—a virtual high‐fidelity behavioral simulation. In this paper, we describe the development and validation of a chatbot‐driven simulation for assessing teamwork skills of university students. We present the results of a criterion validation study using a sample of 215 undergraduate students. The simulation was found to significantly predict peer ratings following a live team‐based exercise, over and above a teamwork situational judgment test, and a personality inventory. The mean score for women on the simulation was significantly higher than for men. Limitations and future directions are discussed.
Mandibular condyle morphology among patients with mucopolysaccharidosis: An observational study of panoramic radiographs
Authors: Schmid‐Herrmann Carmen Ulrike , Muschol Nicole Maria , Fuhrmann Vera Ulrike , Koehn Anja Friederike , Lezius Susanne , Kahl‐Nieke Bärbel , Koehne Till 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundMucopolysaccharidoses (MPS) are a group of rare metabolic diseases characterized by a wide spectrum of symptoms including progressive condylar resorption.AimThe aim of this study was to quantify the severity of condylar involvement in MPS I individuals in comparison with a group of non‐MPS individuals and to describe how condylar changes may vary among the different types of MPS.DesignFifty panoramic radiographs of MPS patients (13.4 ± 6.2 years) with MPS I (n = 14), MPS II (n = 2), MPS IV (n = 8) and MPS VI (n = 2) were compared with forty panoramic radiographs of non‐MPS individuals. The severity of condylar resorption was evaluated using a qualitative score (grades 0–3) and using the ratio of condylar height to ramus height (CH: RH).ResultsAll MPS I and VI individuals showed pronounced bilateral degenerative condylar resorption. In contrast, individuals with MPS II and IV exhibited heterogeneous findings. The quantification of condylar height to ramus height revealed that CH: RH was significantly decreased in MPS I as compared to that of non‐MPS individuals (P < .001). In contrast, the CH: RH ratios of MPS II and IV showed great variability.ConclusionMucopolysaccharidoses subtypes differ with regard to the severity of condylar resorption.
Rival or comrade? A systematic review and conceptual framework of when and why the powerful act prosocially or antisocially towards each other
Authors: Feenstra Sanne , Oedzes Jacoba , van der Vegt Gerben S. , Stoker Janka I. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractWe present a systematic review of the literature on power and its interpersonal consequences. Our review, comprising 339 studies published in 145 research articles, shows that this line of research has primarily examined how powerholders attend to and act towards powerless individuals, or others in general. We therefore know surprisingly little about how powerholders attend to and act towards other powerholders. To address this issue, we present a conceptual framework that outlines how an actor’s power interacts with a target’s power to influence prosocial and antisocial beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors. We identify two routes in the literature detailing how powerholders respond to one another. First, building on rivalry literature, we present a competitive route suggesting that powerholders rival each other and engage in conflict. Second, building on social identity and social dominance literature, we present a harmonious route suggesting that powerful peers will show compassion and care for each other. Finally, we bring forth suggestions for how future research could test these two perspectives, by presenting moderators that determine when each of these two routes is activated. In doing so, we offer important implications for the power literature and open a new line of inquiry for future research.
An active fixation quadripolar left ventricular lead for cardiac resynchronization therapy with reduced postoperative complication rates
Authors: Robertson Calum , Duffey Owen , Tang Pok‐Tin , Fairhurst Natalie , Monteiro Cristiana , Green Peregrine , Grogono Joanna , Davies Mark , Lewis Andrew , Wijesurendra Rohan , Ormerod Julian , Gamble James , Ginks Matthew , Rajappan Kim , Bashir Yaver , Betts Tim R. , Herring Neil 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundThe rate of left ventricular (LV) lead displacement after cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) remains high despite improvements in lead technology. In 2017, a novel quadripolar lead with active fixation technology became available in the UK.MethodsThis was a retrospective, observational study analyzing device complications in 476 consecutive patients undergoing successful first‐time implantation of a CRT device at a tertiary center from 2017 to 2020.ResultsBoth active (n = 135) and passive fixation (n = 341) quadripolar leads had similar success rates for implantation (99.3% vs. 98.8%, p = 1.00), although the pacing threshold (0.89 [0.60–1.25] vs. 1.00 [0.70–1.60] V, p = .01) and lead impedance (632 [552–794] vs. 730 [636–862] Ohms, p < .0001) were significantly lower for the active fixation lead. Patients receiving an active fixation lead had a reduced incidence of lead displacement at 6 months (0.74% vs. 4.69%, p = .036). There was no significant difference in the rate of right atrial (RA) and right ventricular (RV) lead displacement between the two groups (RA: 1.48% vs. 1.17%, p = .68; RV: 2.22% vs. 1.76%, p = .72). Reprogramming the LV lead after displacement was unsuccessful in most cases (successful reprogramming: Active fix = 0/1, Passive fix = 1/16) therefore nearly all patients required a repeat procedure. As a result, the rate of intervention within 6 months for lead displacement was significantly lower when patients were implanted with the active fixation lead (0.74% vs. 4.40%, p = .049).ConclusionThe novel active fixation lead in our study has a lower incidence of lead displacement and re‐intervention compared to conventional quadripolar leads for CRT.
Trends in hospitalization and factors associated with in‐hospital death among pediatric admissions with implantable cardioverter defibrillators
Authors: Qasim Amna , Dam Tam , Kim Jeffrey J. , Valdes Santiago O. , Howard Taylor , Diaz Matthew A. , Morris Shaine A. , Miyake Christina Y. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractBackgroundAs pediatric implantable cardioverter‐defibrillator (ICD) utilization increases, hospital admission rates will increase. Data regarding hospitalizations among pediatric patients with ICDs are lacking. In addition, hospital mortality rates are unknown. This study aimed to evaluate (1) trends in hospitalization rates from 2000 to 2016, (2) hospital mortality, and (3) factors associated with hospital mortality among pediatric admissions with ICDs.MethodsThe Kids’ Inpatient Database (2000, 2003, 2006, 2009, 2012, 2016) was used to identify all hospitalizations with an existing ICD ≤20 years of age. ICD9/10 codes were used to stratify admissions by underlying diagnostic category as: (1) congenital heart disease (CHD), (2) primary arrhythmia, (3) primary cardiomyopathy, or (4) other. Trends were analyzed using linear regression. Hospital and patient characteristics among hospital deaths were compared to those surviving to discharge using mixed multivariable logistic regression, accounting for hospital clustering.ResultsOf 42 570 716 hospitalizations, 4165 were admitted ≤20 years with an ICD. ICD hospitalizations increased four‐fold (p = .002) between 2000 and 2016. Hospital death occurred in 54 (1.3%). In multivariable analysis, cardiomyopathy (odds ratio [OR]: 3.5, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.1–11.2, p = .04) and CHD (OR: 4.8, 95% CI: 1.5–15.6, p = .01) were significantly associated with mortality. In further exploratory multivariable analysis incorporating a coexisting diagnosis of heart failure, only the presence of heart failure remained associated with mortality (OR: 8.6, 95% CI: 3.7–20.0, p < .0001).ConclusionsPediatric ICD hospitalizations are increasing over time and hospital mortality is low (1.3%). Hospital mortality is associated with cardiomyopathy or CHD; however, the underlying driver for in‐hospital death may be heart failure.
Cardiovascular and haematological events post COVID‐19 vaccination: A systematic review
Authors: Al‐Ali Dana , Elshafeey Abdallah , Mushannen Malik , Kawas Hussam , Shafiq Ameena , Mhaimeed Narjis , Mhaimeed Omar , Mhaimeed Nada , Zeghlache Rached , Salameh Mohammad , Paul Pradipta , Homssi Moayad , Mohammed Ibrahim , Narangoli Adeeb , Yagan Lina , Khanjar Bushra , Laws Sa’ad , Elshazly Mohamed B. , Zakaria Dalia 
Published: December 2021

AbstractSince COVID‐19 took a strong hold around the globe causing considerable morbidity and mortality, a lot of effort was dedicated to manufacturing effective vaccines against SARS‐CoV‐2. Many questions have since been raised surrounding the safety of the vaccines, and a lot of media attention to certain side effects. This caused a state of vaccine hesitancy that may prove problematic in the global effort to control the virus. This review was undertaken with the aim of putting together all the reported cardiovascular and haematological events post COVID‐19 vaccination in published literature and to suggest possible mechanisms to explain these rare phenomena.
Synthetic neuroactive steroids as new sedatives and anaesthetics: Back to the future
Authors: Manzella Francesca M. , Covey Douglas F. , Jevtovic‐Todorovic Vesna , Todorovic Slobodan M. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractSince the 1990s, there has been waning interest in researching general anaesthetics (anaesthetics). Although currently used anaesthetics are mostly safe and effective, they are not without fault. In paediatric populations and neonatal animal models, they are associated with learning impairments and neurotoxicity. In an effort to research safer anaesthetics, we have gone back to re‐examine neuroactive steroids as anaesthetics. Neuroactive steroids are steroids that have direct, local effects in the central nervous system. Since the discovery of their anaesthetic effects, neuroactive steroids have been consistently used in human or veterinary clinics as preferred anaesthetic agents. Although briefly abandoned for clinical use due to unwanted vehicle side effects, there has since been renewed interest in their therapeutic value. Neuroactive steroids are safe sedative/hypnotic and anaesthetic agents across various animal species. Importantly, unlike traditional anaesthetics, they do not cause extensive neurotoxicity in the developing rodent brain. Similar to traditional anaesthetics, neuroactive steroids are modulators of synaptic and extrasynaptic γ‐aminobutyric acid type A (GABAA) receptors and their interactions at the GABAA receptor are stereo‐ and enantioselective. Recent work has also shown that these agents act on other ion channels, such as high‐ and low‐voltage‐activated calcium channels. Through these mechanisms of action, neuroactive steroids modulate neuronal excitability, which results in characteristic burst suppression of the electroencephalogram, and a surgical plane of anaesthesia. However, in addition to their interactions with voltage and ligand gated ions channels, neuroactive steroids interact with membrane bound metabotropic receptors and xenobiotic receptors to facilitate signaling of prosurvival, antiapoptotic pathways. These pathways play a role in their neuroprotective effects in neuronal injury and may also prevent extensive apoptosis in the developing brain during anaesthesia. The current review explores the history of neuroactive steroids as anaesthetics in humans and animal models, their diverse mechanisms of action, and their neuroprotective properties.
Looks and status are still essential: Testing the mate preference priority model with the profile‐based experimental paradigm
Authors: Yong Jose C. , Tan Yi Wen , Li Norman P. , Meltzer Andrea L. 
Published: December 2021

AbstractObjectiveAlthough the mate preference priority model (MPPM) has advanced our understanding of mate preferences, tests of the MPPM have relied on methods using text labels and thus lack ecological validity. We address this gap by testing the MPPM using J. M. Townsend's profile‐based experimental paradigm, which utilizes profiles comprising photos of pre‐rated models to manipulate physical attractiveness as well as costumes and descriptions to manipulate social status.MethodUsing Singaporean samples, we conducted two studies (Study 1 n = 431, Study 2 n = 964) where participants judged the short‐term and long‐term mating desirability of opposite‐sex profiles varying systematically on physical attractiveness and social status. We also tested whether treating these attributes as ordinal or continuous variables would be more valid.ResultsResults showed broad support for evolutionary predictions of mate preferences and priorities while revealing an increased premium placed on social status in our sample. We also found that continuous operationalizations produced less inflated results.ConclusionsThe current research provides the first non‐label, profile‐based test of the MPPM, a well‐powered replication of the profile‐based paradigm, and an opportunity to observe the robustness and variations of mate preferences in a non‐Western culture.
Participatory Action Research with Immigrant Youth in Tokyo: Possibilities and Challenges of Ibasho Creation Project
Authors: Tokunaga Tomoko , Machado Da Silva Isabel , Fu Mengyuan 
Published: December 2021

AbstractThe last decade saw a 32 percent increase in the number of immigrant children and youth in Japan and the educational difficulties they experienced. Part‐time high schools have played a critical role in furthering equity and inclusion by securing ibasho (places where one feels comfortable, safe, and accepted) toward these students. Drawing on the participatory action research approach, we collaborated with a part‐time high school and a nonprofit organization, and developed an afterschool program that aimed to nurture ibasho among immigrant youth through intercultural and language exchanges. This article, collaboratively written by a faculty member and former university students, explores the possibilities and challenges of the “ibasho creation project” which took place from 2017 to 2018 in Tokyo. Specifically, it reflects on how we attempted to develop ibasho that responded to the needs and strengths of high school students and dealt with the dilemmas associated with ibasho creation.
Effectiveness of green tea extract (Camellia sinensis) capsule supplementation for post-exercise muscle recovery in healthy adults: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Tavares Camila Taise , Lobo Alline Cristina Schüncke , Almeida Cláudia Choma Bettega , Lima-Silva Adriano Eduardo , Ferreira Sila Mary Rodrigues 
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT

Objective:
The objective of the review is to evaluate the effectiveness of green tea extract (Camellia sinensis) capsule supplementation compared with placebo for post-exercise muscle pain and muscle recovery in healthy adults.

Introduction:
Green tea extract is popularly consumed by athletes and practitioners of physical activity, as it is easily accessible in supermarkets and health food stores. It is a source of catechins, which assist the endogenous antioxidant system in combating free radicals produced during exercise that can lead to oxidative stress and, therefore, muscle damage and delayed-onset muscle pain. However, there is no consensus on the effect of green tea extract and the ideal and safe dosage to promote muscle recovery.

Inclusion criteria:
Studies on the effectiveness of supplementation with green tea extract capsules compared with placebo in post-exercise muscle pain and muscle recovery in healthy adults will be included. Studies that are associated with any other source of polyphenols with green tea extract will be excluded.

Methods:
Studies will be identified using the following databases: Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Virtual Health Library, SPORTDiscus, Science Direct, and Scopus. OpenGrey, DART-Europe, and Google Scholar will be used to identify unpublished studies. Studies published in English, French, Spanish, or Portuguese will be included. There will be no restriction on the date of publication. Two authors will independently screen titles and abstracts following previously defined eligibility criteria. After excluding irrelevant studies, the authors will read the full texts of any articles potentially eligible for further evaluation. Any disagreements will be resolved by discussion or by consulting a third author. The included studies will be assessed on their methodological quality using the appropriate JBI critical appraisal checklist, and the data will be extracted by the two authors. A meta-analysis will be performed using a random effects or fixed effects model. The heterogeneity of the data will be calculated. This review will follow the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) to classify the certainty of the evidence.

Systematic review registration number:
PROSPERO CRD42020138772