bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Associations Between Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers Concentrations in Human Placenta and Small for Gestational Age in Southwest China
Authors: Liu Yi-jun , Xie Yan , Tian Ying-kuan , Liu Hui , He Cai-die , An Song-lin , Chen Wei , Zhou Yuan-zhong , Zhong Xiao-ni 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundPrenatal exposures to polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) may affect fetal growth. Small for gestational age (SGA) is a measure based on birth weight and gestational age at birth and represents a good indicator of fetal growth but it has been used only in a small number of studies. The present study aimed to examine the associations between PBDEs exposure and the risk of SGA among participants from a birth cohort in Southwest China.MethodsThe concentrations of eight common PBDE congeners (BDE-28, BDE47, BDE-99, BDE-100, BDE-153, BDE-154, BDE-183, and BDE-209) in 996 human placental samples collected between May to October 2020 were determined. A questionnaire survey was administered regarding maternal characteristics. The outcome data of the newborns were obtained from the medical record. The Mann–Whitney U test and binomial logistic regression analysis were used to assess associations between PBDEs concentrations (as a continuous or categorical variable) and SGA.ResultsAll PBDE congeners were detected in more than 73% of samples. The median concentrations of ΣPBDEs were 10.08 ng/g lipid weight (lw). BDE-209 was the most abundant PBDE congener, contributed 28% to ΣPBDEs. There were 114 (11.4%) SGA infants. The levels of BDE-99, BDE-100, BDE-209, and the total levels of ΣPBDEs in the SGA group were significantly higher than those in the controls. When classifying the PBDEs concentrations as two categories: low and high, high level of ΣPBDEs was associated with increased risk of SGA [odds ratio (OR): 2.203, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.453–3.340] after adjusting for potential covariates. The association remained significant when stratifying the data by gender of the newborn (OR: 2.572, 95% CI: 1.337–4.947 for boys; OR: 2.385, 95% CI: 1.315–4.325 for girls).ConclusionThe present study adds to the literature by using placenta to measure PBDEs exposure during pregnancy, and provides evidence that prenatal exposure to PBDEs may be associated with the risk of SGA, at least at the levels of exposure in our population.
Associations Between High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein and All-Cause Mortality Among Oldest-Old in Chinese Longevity Areas: A Community-Based Cohort Study
Authors: Chen Pei-Liang , Li Zhi-Hao , Yang Hai-Lian , Cao Zhao-Jin , Cheng Xin , Zhao Feng , Zhang Xi-Ru , Lv Yue-Bin , Li Fu-Rong , Zhou Yuan-Feng , Li Hao-Nan , Qu Ying-Li , Yin Zhao-Xue , Liu Ling , Wu Xian-Bo , Shi Xiao-Ming , Mao Chen 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundThe association between high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels and all-cause mortality for the oldest-old (aged 80 years or older) remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the associations between hsCRP concentrations and the risks of all-cause mortality, and further identify the potential modifying factors affecting these associations among the oldest-old.MethodsThis prospective, community-based cohort study included 2,206 participants aged 80 years or older (median age 93.0 years) from the Healthy Aging and Biomarkers Cohort Study. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidential intervals (95% CIs) for all-cause mortality according to hsCRP quartiles and recommendation for relative risk categories of hsCRP levels (&lt; 1.0, 1.0–3.0, and &gt; 3.0 mg/L), with adjustment for sociodemographic information, lifestyle, physical examination, medical history, and other potential confounders.ResultsDuring a median follow-up period of 3.1 years (IQR: 1.6–3.9 years), 1,106 deaths were verified. After full adjustment for potential confounders, a higher hsCRP concentration was positively associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality (P for trend &lt; 0.001). Compared with the lowest quartile, the fully adjusted HRs of the second, third, and fourth quartiles were 1.17 (95% CI: 0.94, 1.46), 1.28 (95% CI: 1.01, 1.61), and 1.49 (95% CI: 1.20, 1.87), respectively. The association of hsCRP with all-cause mortality was modified by smoking status (P for interaction = 0.011), an increased risk of hsCRP with all-cause mortality showed among non-current smokers (HR: 1.17; 95% CI: 1.07, 1.28), but no significance was observed in current smokers (HR: 0.83; 95% CI: 0.66, 1.18).ConclusionsOur study indicated that elevated hsCRP concentrations were associated with a higher risk of all-cause mortality among Chinese oldest-old. Future studies investigating additional factors of disease and aging processes are needed to obtain a better understanding of the mechanisms.
Conversion of a Fused or Ankylosed Hip to Total Hip Arthroplasty: Is the Direct Anterior Approach in the Lateral Decubitus Position an Ideal Solution?
Authors: Dong Jiale , Kong Lingtong , Zhang Siming , Shang Xifu , Wang Jiaxing , Zhang Xianzuo , Zhu Chen 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundTotal hip arthroplasty (THA) using the direct anterior approach (DAA) is becoming increasingly popular due to its potential benefits over the posterolateral approach (PLA). However, few studies have compared the efficacies of these two surgical approaches in hip fusion treatment. This study compared early clinical direct anterior and posterolateral THA outcomes in hip fusion treatment.MethodsHere, 127 hips (65 DAA, 62 PLA) were retrospectively evaluated. Early postoperative functional outcomes of DAA and PLA groups were assessed using Harris score and Oxford Hip Score (OHS) and standard anteroposterior hip radiographs. Surgical characteristics, perioperative results, and complications within 6 months postoperatively were recorded.ResultsThough baseline values were similar, Harris and OHS scores were better in the DAA group than in the PLA group at 1 and 3 months postoperatively. The average cup anteversion angle was significantly greater in the DAA group than in the PLA group (12.7° vs. 11.1°). More hips undergoing DAA were successfully orientated in both inclination and anteversion angles (46 vs. 32). Early postoperative hip function predictors were preoperative fused hip position, surgical approach, and range of motion. DAA was associated with reduced postoperative blood loss and shorter hospital stays. Furthermore, 14 vs. 8 complications occurred in the DAA vs. PLA group. Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve injuries were observed in eight hips (12.3%) of the DAA group.ConclusionFor fused or ankylosed hips, THA using DAA in the lateral decubitus position may result in excellent prosthesis positioning and faster postoperative recovery throughout early follow-up vs. PLA.
Application of the Six-Step Standard Communication Process in the Communication Training for Newly Recruited Nurses in Cancer Specialist Hospitals
Authors: Geng Jingzhi , Liu Miao , Zhang Huanhuan , Gao Jian , Wang Li , Zhang Yu , Ma Fengyan , Liu Yan 
Published: February 2022

PurposeDiscuss the application effect of the six-step standard communication process in the communication ability training of newly recruited nurses.MethodsThis is a before and after control study. The control group included 45 newly recruited nurses in our hospital in 2019, and the observation group included 40 newly recruited nurses in our hospital in 2020. The control group completed the training according to the existing communication training program, and the observation group implemented a training program based on the “six-step standard communication process” on the basis of the existing communication training. The training period was 12 months. The training effect of the two groups of new nurses was compared.ResultsAfter training, the total scores of clinical communication skills of the new nurses in the control group and observation group were 252.56 ± 24.950 and 268.05 ± 19.335 points, respectively; the total scores of communication behavior were 39.00 ± 4.676 and 48.08 ± 2.515 points, respectively; the total scores of general self-efficacy were 26.89 ± 3.017 and 31.25 ± 5.027 points, respectively; the satisfaction scores of communication training were 17.56 ± 2.018 and 19.45 ± 0.986 points, respectively, and the differences were statistically significant (P &lt; 0.05).ConclusionThe implementation of a training program based on the “six-step standard communication process” can effectively improve the clinical communication skills and self-efficacy of newly recruited nurses, and can be promoted and applied to the communication training of newly recruited nurses.
Oxidative Stress-Mediated Antibacterial Activity of the Total Flavonoid Extracted from the Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb. in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcusaureus (MRSA)
Authors: He Liren , Cheng Han , Chen Fuxin , Song Suquan , Zhang Hang , Sun Weidong , Bao Xiaowei , Zhang Haibin , He Chenghua 
Published: February 2022

(1) Background: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a zoonotic pathogen that causes endocarditis, pneumonia, and skin diseases in humans and livestock. (2) Methods: The antibacterial effect of the total flavonoid against MRSA (ATCC43300) extracted from the Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb. (A. pilosa Ledeb) was evaluated by the microdilution method. The oxidative stresses in MRSA were evaluated by the levels of intracellular hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and oxidative stress-related genes. The DNA oxidative damage was tested by the 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and DNA gel electrophoresis. The differentially expressed proteins were determined by the method of SDS-PAGE and NanoLC-ESI-MS/MS, while the mRNAs of differential proteins were determined by Real-Time PCR. The changes of ultra-structures in MRSA were observed by Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM). (3) Results: The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the total flavonoid against MRSA was recorded as 62.5 μg/mL. After treatment with the total flavonoid, the levels of intracellular H2O2 and ROS were increased and the gene expressions against oxidative stress (SodA, katA, TrxB) were decreased (p < 0.01), while the gene expression for oxidative stress (PerR) was increased (p < 0.01). The level of intracellular 8-OHdG in MRSA was increased (p < 0.01) and the DNA was damaged. The results of TEM also showed that the total flavonoid could destroy the ultra-structures in the bacteria. (4) Conclusions: The total flavonoid extracted from the A. pilosa Ledeb can induce the oxidative stress that disturbed the energy metabolism and protein synthesis in MRSA.
Problematic Issues of Tonsil Hypertrophy in Children. Literature Review
Authors: Якимцова А.В. , Песоцкая М.В. 
Published: February 2022

В статье приведен обзор материалов о проблеме гипертрофии нёбных миндалин (ГНМ). Рассматриваются клиническая картина и отдаленные последствия данной патологии, которые проявляются в том числе у взрослых пациентов. Приводятся факты, обуславливающие актуальность данной проблемы. Перечисляются наиболее вероятные этиологические факторы ГНМ, а также факторы, этиологическая роль которых широко обсуждалась, однако не нашла своего подтверждения. Описывается краткая история формирования различных подходов в лечении ГНМ: от полного удаления ткани миндалин (тонзиллэктомия) до возникновения необходимости в органосохраняющих методиках (интракапсулярная тонзиллэктомия, или тонзиллотомия). Кратко описываются консервативные способы лечения данной патологии. Перечислены существующие хирургические методы лечения ГНМ, а также наиболее вероятные осложнения данных методов. На основании имеющихся публикаций приведена краткая сравнительная характеристика тонзиллэктомии и тонзиллотомии с указанием преимуществ органосохраняющих методик в лечении ГНМ.
The article provides an overview of materials on the problem of hypertrophy of the palatine tonsils. The clinical picture and long-term consequences of this pathology that are manifested both in children and adult patients are considered. The facts that determine the relevance of this problem are presented. The most probable etiological factors of hypertrophy of the palatine tonsils are listed, as well as the factors, the etiological role of which has been widely discussed, but has not been confirmed. A brief history of the formation of various approaches in the treatment of hypertrophy of the palatine tonsils from complete removal of tonsil tissue (tonsillectomy) to the emergence of the need for organ-preserving techniques (intracapsular tonsillectomy or tonsillotomy) is described. Conservative methods of treatment of this pathology are briefly described. The existing surgical methods for treating hypertrophy of the palatine tonsils are listed, as well as the most likely complications of surgical methods for treating hypertrophy of the palatine tonsils. Based on the available publications, a brief comparative characteristic of tonsillectomy and tonsillotomy is given, indicating the advantages of organ-preserving techniques in the treatment of hypertrophy of the palatine tonsils.
Observation of unconventional spin-polarization induced spin–orbit torque in L12-ordered antiferromagnetic Mn3Pt thin films
Authors: Yu Longjie , Karube Shutaro , Liu Min , Tsunoda Masakiyo , Oogane Mikihiko , Ando Yasuo 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Non-collinear antiferromagnets exhibit richer magneto-transport properties compared to nonmagnetic materials due to the topological spin structure they possess, which allows us to manipulate the charge-spin conversion more freely by taking advantage of the chirality. In this work, we explore the unconventional spin–orbit torque of L12-ordered Mn3Pt with a triangular spin structure. We observed an unconventional spin–orbit torque along the x-direction for the (001)-oriented L12 Mn3Pt and found that it has a sign reversal behavior relative to the crystalline orientation. This generation of unconventional spin–orbit torque can be interpreted as stemming from the magnetic spin Hall effect.
Status of artificial intelligence in Pakistan and its implications in anesthesiology
Authors: Khan Muhammad Imran 
Published: February 2022

Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the technology that enables machine-based intelligent behavior. This descriptive article gives an overview of the implementation of artificial intelligence in the following disciplines within the field of clinical medicine: Anesthesiology, Cardiology, Pulmonology, Endocrinology, Nephrology, Gastroenterology, Neurology, Histopathology, and Radiology. In this article, we will discuss the employment of artificial intelligence in anesthesiology and provide an analysis of the several areas in which it is being utilized. We will also evaluate the current status of AI and its future in Pakistan. The importance of this manuscript is to highlight the benefits of artificial intelligence so that the benefits can be realized in Pakistan.
Key words: Artificial intelligence; Anesthesiology; Clinical medicine; Endocrinology; Gastroenterology; Histopathology; Nephrology; Neurology; Pakistan; Radiology
Citation: Khan MI. Status of artificial intelligence in Pakistan and its implications in anesthesiology. Anaesth. pain intensive care 2021;26(1):110-114.
DOI: 10.35975/apic.v26i1.1776
Received: September 12, 2021, Reviewed: November 24, 2021, Accepted: December 10, 2021
Values and Motivation in Military Students of Educational Institutions of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation and in Officers of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation
Authors: Рябова М.Г. , Канунников Р.И. 
Published: February 2022

В статье представлено соотношение ценностных ориентаций и мотивации у обучающихся в образовательных организациях МВД России и сотрудников органов внутренних дел (ОВД).Актуальность исследования обусловлена повышением требований общества к личности сотрудников ОВД в процессе выполнения ими профессиональной деятельности.Цель исследования состояла в выявлении и сравнении структуры ценностей и мотивации у курсантов образовательных организаций МВД России и сотрудников ОВД.С помощью комплекса психодиагностических методик (методика «Мотивация профессиональной деятельности» К. Замфир в модификации А. А. Реана, тест «Смысложизненные ориентации» (СЖО) Д. А. Леонтьева, методика «Ценностный опросник») были выявлены особенности ценностей и мотивации курсантов института МВД России и сотрудников ОВД и доказано наличие сходства и различий между ними.Специфика выстроенных иерархических структур ценностных ориентаций и мотивации у представителей вышеотмеченных групп, по мнению авторов, может быть учтена в процессе организации учебно-служебной деятельности в учебных заведениях и организациях МВД России.
The article investigates values and motivation in military students of educational institutions of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation and in officers of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation.The relevance of the research is accounted for by increasing societal expectations for officers of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and their professional duties.The aim of the research is to perform a comparative analysis of values and motivation in military students of educational institutions of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation and in officers of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation.The authors employ a set of psychological assessment strategies (K. Zamphir’s Motivation of Professional Activities method modified by A. A. Rean, D. A. Leontyev’s Personal Values test, the Values questionnaire) to single out, compare and contrast values and motivation shared by military students of educational institutions of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation and in officers of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation.The authors maintain that it is essential that the obtained results and outcomes should be taken into consideration both in educational institutions of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation and in agencies of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation.
Shaking up and unleashing the power of alternative, gendered stereotypes
Authors: Smith Robert 
Published: February 2022

Le traitement des questions de genre dans l’entreprenariat et la société civile génère des sentiments contradictoires de discrimination et d’inégalité centrés sur la domination de l’homme-entrepreneur héroïque qui évince les autres stéréotypes et modèles de rôle sexués. Dans la littérature et dans la pratique, le stéréotype de l’entrepreneur est supposé être masculin, avoir réussi, être hétérosexuel et se conformer à un scénario social héroïque consacré par l’histoire classique de l’entrepreneur qui doit surmonter les obstacles et les difficultés. Les groupes genrés, d’ethnie ou de classe qui ne se conforment pas à ce récit élogieux sont considérés comme suspects. Pourtant, le genre est une construction de deux sexes qui comprend de nombreux stéréotypes et modèles d’entreprise positifs, notamment pour les femmes, « la Diva » et « la Matriarche », entre autres. Ce sont des modèles de rôle qui peuvent être adoptés et interprétés en opposition au récit héroïque de l’entrepreneuriat. En s’appuyant sur les travaux publiés par l’auteur, cette étude démontre le pouvoir et l’utilité de ces constructions sociales alternatives pour secouer l’ordre social genré établi en tant que formes différentes de capitaux sociaux genrés. L’entrepreneuriat est un choix de vie et une position identitaire et il ne devrait pas y avoir de barrières ou d’obstructions à la construction de carrières entrepreneuriales fondées sur le genre – seulement des identités entrepreneuriales différenciées et racontées qui repositionnent le récit entrepreneurial comme non genré, complémentaire et inclusif. L’adoption d’identités entrepreneuriales différenciées aide à reconstruire une identité entrepreneuriale représentant des circonstances individualisées.
L’influence de la qualité de vie au travail sur l’implication organisationnelle du personnel des universités publiques sénégalaises. Cas de l’Université Assane Seck de Ziguinchor
Authors: Mendy Melyan , Baldé Cheikh Oumar , Déme Samba 
Published: February 2022

Cet article est une synthèse des premiers résultats d’une étude portant sur la qualité de vie au travail au sein des universités publiques sénégalaises dans un contexte de gestion axée sur les résultats. À travers le cas de l’Université Assane SECK de Ziguinchor (UASZ) notre travail tente de montrer que la qualité de vie au travail est un levier d’implication organisationnelle des personnels des universités publiques sénégalaises. L’exploitation des réponses au questionnaire administré à deux cent dix (210) salariés (Personnel d’Enseignement et de Recherche et Personnel Administratif, Technique et de Services) de l’UASZ dont cent vingt-cinq (125) questionnaires retournés soit 59,53 % révèle une influence positive et significative de la qualité de vie au travail sur les dimensions calculée et normative de l’implication organisationnelle.
Que faire des enfants « déracinés » et « sans foyer » en sortie de guerre ?
Authors: Boussion Samuel , Gardet Mathias 
Published: February 2022

Dans l’après-guerre, alors qu’est redessinée la place de la famille et que les savoirs sur l’enfant commencent à éclairer les relations intrafamiliales d’un jour nouveau, des tensions traversent les réseaux d’experts de l’enfance au sujet de l’accueil des enfants victimes de la guerre. Une des questions principales est alors : faut-il privilégier les placements collectifs ou le placement chez des particuliers ? Les débats et les expériences qui ont cours au moment de la mise en réseau des communautés d’enfants sous l’égide de l’Unesco montrent les atermoiements devant la situation d’enfants « sans foyer », oscillant entre innovations pédagogiques et approche médicale, éducation à la compréhension internationale et ancrage national, famille et collectivité…
Gender differences in the detection of carotid atherosclerosis: DUPLEX registry cross-sectional study results
Authors: Gaisenok Oleg , Drapkina Oksana 
Published: February 2022

The aim of this study was to assess the features of detecting carotid atherosclerosis depending on gender, age, the presence of arterial hypertension, other major diseases and conditions according to The Duplex Registry Database. The registry sequentially included the results of duplex scanning of the carotid arteries (DSCA) of all patients who underwent it at the United Hospital with Outpatient Department in 2013 (n=2548). The incidence of carotid atherosclerosis (CAS) was higher in men than in women (58.6% (n=763) vs 45.5% (n=568), p<0.0000001). This was noted in all categories according to the gradation of stenosis, including in the category of the most severe lesion (>70%): 2.9% (n=32) vs 1.0% (n=13), p=0.003. The presence of CAD significantly increased the chances of detecting CAS in men (OR 4.47 vs 2.6, p<0.0000001). Signs more significant in their influence in women compared to men were the following: age (OR 5.3 [4.12; 6.71] p<0.0000001); arterial hypertension (OR 2.7 [2.12; 3.39] p<0.0000001) and cerebrovascular disease (OR 1.63 [1.13; 2.36] p=0.004). The OR of CAS detection for the “acute cerebrovascular accident” diagnosis in men and women differed 2 times (OR 1.2, p=0.4 vs 2.4, p=0.15). The “hypercholesterolemia” diagnosis when referred for DSCA did not show itself as a predictor of CAS detection in all study groups. Disorders of autonomic nervous system, hearing loss and screening examination showed a significant decrease in the probability of CAS detecting for the whole group (OR 0.14 [0.08;0.24] p<0.0000001; OR 0.16 [0.02;0.66] p=0.004 and OR 0.3 [0.25 0.37] p<0.0000001, respectively), so and separately for males and females. The present study revealed significant gender differences in the prevalence of carotid atherosclerosis and in the influence of various signs on an increase in the chances of its detection. The most significant signs were (OR men vs women): gender (1.3 vs 0.8), age (4.2 vs 5.3), arterial hypertension (1.8 vs 2.7), CAD (4.4 vs 2.6), cerebrovascular disease (1.26 vs 1.63).