bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of fit accuracy between conventional and CAD/CAM‐fabricated band–loop space maintainers
Authors: Tokuc Muge , Yilmaz Hakan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAimThe aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the band fit of metallic band–loop space maintainers fabricated by conventional and 3D printing technologies for clinical applications.DesignSixteen digital intraoral impressions were selected, and resin models were printed with a 3D printer. Forty band–loop space maintainers were fabricated (20 each for both the conventional and digital groups). To evaluate the band fit of conventional and CAD/CAM‐fabricated space maintainers, cement space was visualized with low‐viscosity condensation silicone material on resin models. Digital evaluation was carried out using dual scan method by superimposing two scans of resin models covered with or without a silicone layer on the abutment tooth. The mean quadratic deviation (root mean square, RMS) was calculated. The RMS values between the groups were evaluated with Student's t test. Statistical significance was set at p < .05.ResultsNo statistical significance was found between the conventional and digital groups (p = .56).ConclusionsWithin the limitations of this study, the band fit of conventional and CAD/CAM‐fabricated space maintainers had no difference. Future research into CAD/CAM‐fabricated appliances from different perspectives such as fracture strength and patient comfort is warranted.
Experimental protocols for the assessment of redox thermodynamics of nonstoichiometric oxides: A case study of YMnO3‐δ
Authors: Qian Xin , Haile Sossina M. , Davenport Timothy C. , Mastronardo Emanuela 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe thermodynamics of reduction in variable valence oxides are important in a vast number of fields in which point defects, and in particular oxygen vacancies, control material functionality. Here, we present, by way of an example measurement of the material YMnO3‐δ, for which the vacancy formation energy has not been previously reported, best practices for material characterization. Sample mass is recorded by thermogravimetric analysis at temperatures from 600 to 1500°C under five different gas atmospheres, with oxygen partial pressure ranging from 0.081 to 7.66 × 10–5 atm. Because YMnO3‐δ displays relatively small nonstoichiometry, less than 0.09, over the range of conditions examined, a large sample was required to record the modest mass changes. In the more oxidizing conditions, equilibrium behavior was recorded using a finite heating rate of 10°C min–1. In the more reducing conditions, absolute mass changes with temperature were large such that the evolved oxygen increased the oxygen partial pressure in the sample vicinity, precluding equilibration under finite heating. Accordingly, a temperature‐stepped protocol with long isothermal holds was employed. Analysis of the results from these stepped measurements required interpolation, which was carried out on the ln(δ) versus 1/T plane. In the nonpolar, centrosymmetric phase (P63/mcm and δ ≥ 0.016), the enthalpy of reduction was found to be 304 ± 4 kJ (mol‐O)–1, as averaged over the δ range 0.020–0.035. While YMnO3‐δ is known to incorporate oxygen excess in its ambient temperature, polar phase (P63cm), the conditions leading to such behavior were not included in this study.
Physical–biological interactions underlying the connectivity patterns of coral‐dependent fishes around the Arabian Peninsula
Authors: Torquato Felipe , Møller Peter R. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAimDistribution patterns of lineages alone do not explain the processes underlying phylogenetic differentiation in fishes observed around the Arabian Peninsula, whose hypotheses traditionally rely on (i) Pleistocene vicariance events, (ii) successive bottlenecks, (iii) recent founder effects (iv) and large spatial gradients in physical conditions. In this study, we test the hypothesis that phylogeographical patterns of coral‐dependent fish species inhabiting the peninsula may be driven by a combination of ocean circulation, larval behaviour and seascape features.LocationArabian Peninsula.TaxaCoral reef fish.MethodsA biophysical modelling system that relies on stochastic Lagrangian framework and Individual‐Based Model was used to simulate larval dispersal through three putative barriers, by tracking three‐dimensional movements of virtual particles in ocean circulation scenarios. We explored the range of dispersal capabilities across reef fish species by creating 72 hypothetical strategies, each representing a unique combination of five biological traits, namely pelagic larval duration, spawning periodicity, mortality rate, reproductive output and vertical migration.ResultsThe strength of the barriers was highly variable as a function of all biological traits (except reproductive output) and indicated high asymmetry of connectivity, and hence gene flow, between adjacent areas. In addition, direction and distance travelled by the virtual larvae varied according to both the geographical position of releasing site and biannual monsoonal winds. On average, larvae released during the summer exhibited a higher potential for dispersal than larvae released during the winter.Main conclusionsOur biophysical models showed that in the Arabian Peninsula, the combination of hydrodynamic, seascape features and larval traits likely affects the distribution of genetic lineages due to the interruption, reduction or asymmetry of larval movements through the putative barriers.
A codesigned fit‐for‐purpose implementation framework for aged care
Authors: Meyer Claudia , Ogrin Rajna , Golenko Xanthe , Cyarto Elizabeth , Paine Kath , Walsh Willeke , Hutchinson Alison , Lowthian Judy 
Published: February 2022

AbstractRationale, Aims and ObjectivesThe field of implementation science is critical for embedding research evidence into healthcare practice, benefiting individuals, organizations, governments, and the broader community. Implementation science is messy and complex, underpinned by many theories and frameworks. Efficacious interventions for older people with multiple comorbidities exist, yet many lack effectiveness evaluation relevant to pragmatic implementation within aged care practice. This article outlines the conceptualization and development of an Implementation Framework for Aged Care (IFAC), fit‐for‐purpose for an aged care organization, Bolton Clarke, intent on embedding evidence into practice.MethodA four‐stage process was adopted to (1) explore context and relevant literature to conceptualize the IFAC; (2) identify key elements for a draft IFAC; (3) expand elements and refine the draft in consultation with experts and (4) apply the IFAC to three existing projects, identifying key learnings. A checklist to operationalize the IFAC was then developed.ResultsThe IFAC is grounded in codesign principles and encapsulated by the implementation context, from a social, cultural and political perspective. The IFAC addresses the questions of (1) why do we need to change?; (2) what do we know?; (3) who will benefit?; (4) who will make the change?; (5) what strategies will be used?; and (6) what difference are we making? Three pilot projects: early adoption of a Wellness and Reablement approach; a care worker and virtual physiotherapist‐led program to prevent falls; and a therapeutic horticulture program for residential communities, highlight learnings of applying the IFAC in practice.ConclusionThis fit‐for‐purpose IFAC was developed for a proactive and responsive aged care provider. The simplicity of the six‐question IFAC is underpinned by substantial theoretical perspectives for its elements and their connections. This complexity is then consolidated into an 18‐question checklist to operationalize the IFAC, necessary to advance the translation of evidence into clinical practice.
Core elements and potential of nurse‐led care models in residential long‐term care: A scoping review
Authors: Schmüdderich Kathrin , Kiwitt Jörn , Palm Rebecca , Roes Martina , Holle Bernhard 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAims and objectiveTo identify and summarise core elements, resident‐, staff‐ and process‐related outcomes and challenges of nurse‐led care models in residential long‐term care.BackgroundDue to demographic trends, the complexity of residential long‐term care has increased. To address this complexity, the implementation of nurse‐led care models has been recommended.DesignScoping review.MethodsA systematic search was conducted of English and German articles in CINAHL via EBSCO, MEDLINE via PubMed, Cochrane Library and Scopus. Forward and backward citation tracking via reference lists and Google Scholar supplemented the search. The final update was made on 19 January 2021. To draw conclusions about the potential of nurse‐led care models, evaluation studies of the described models for residents in nursing homes were included. Full texts were independently screened and assessed for methodological quality. Data were extracted and summarised in tables and synthesised for analysis. The core elements of the models were described using the Sustainable intEgrated chronic care modeLs for multimorbidity: delivery, FInancing and performancE (SELFIE) framework. The review followed the PRISMA‐ScR guideline.ResultsWe included 13 studies of 12 nurse‐led care models. The different models comprised many of the core elements suggested in the SELFIE framework, particularly in the components service delivery, workforce, and leadership and governance. The studies reported a broad range of resident‐, staff‐ and process‐related outcomes and challenges considered relevant to the success of the models.ConclusionsStudies evaluating nurse‐led care models in nursing homes are limited and of moderate quality. This review demonstrates that nurse‐led care models include many elements for care coordination and could improve resident‐, staff‐ and process‐related outcomes.Relevance to clinical practiceThis review highlights that nurse‐led care models share common core elements despite their heterogeneity. It also shows that highly qualified nurses in nurse‐led care models can advance nursing practice in nursing homes.
Broadening our understanding of interfirm rivalry: A call for research on how supply networks shape competitive behavior and performance
Authors: Hofer Christian , Barker Jordan M. , D'Oria Laura , Johnson Jonathan L. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn their pursuit of greater performance, firms invariably compete with their rivals for customer demand or scarce resources in factor markets. Firms' competitive behavior—the series of competitive actions taken to create or maintain competitive advantage—thus, is a key predictor of profitability and has received much attention in the strategic management literature. The central tenet of this article is that supply networks and the relationships among firms in these networks fundamentally shape the nature of interfirm competition and, ultimately, firm performance. Although prior research has amply studied the competitive dynamics among (horizontal) rival firms as well as the linkages between supply network characteristics and firm performance, there remain important opportunities to examine how supply networks enable and shape firms' competitive behavior and the effectiveness of their rivalrous activity. The goal of this article, therefore, is to take stock of the advances made in prior literature and to outline topics for future study at the intersection of competition and supply chain management. Collectively, we lay out a comprehensive perspective on the role that supply networks can play in affecting competition that, we hope, will inform and guide efforts to enhance our understanding of firm‐level competitive behavior and associated performance outcomes.
Abdominal wall hernia is a frequent complication of polycystic liver disease and associated with hepatomegaly
Authors: Barten Thijs R. M. , Bökkerink Roos‐Anne M. P. , Venderink Wulphert , Gevers Tom J. G. , ten Broek Richard P. G. , Drenth Joost P. H. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackground and AimPolycystic liver disease (PLD) is related to hepatomegaly which causes an increased mechanical pressure on the abdominal wall. This may lead to abdominal wall herniation (AWH). We set out to establish the prevalence of AWH in PLD and explore risk factors.MethodsIn this cross‐sectional cohort study, we assessed the presence of AWHs from PLD patients with at least 1 abdominal computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging scan. AWH presence on imaging was independently evaluated by two researchers. Data on potential risk factors were extracted from clinical files.ResultsWe included 484 patients of which 40.1% (n = 194) had an AWH. We found a clear predominance of umbilical hernias (25.8%, n = 125) while multiple hernias were present in 6.2% (n = 30). Using multivariate analysis, male sex (odds ratio [OR] 2.727 p < .001), abdominal surgery (OR 2.575, p < .001) and disease severity according to the Gigot classification (Type 3 OR 2.853, p < .001) were identified as risk factors. Height‐adjusted total liver volume was an independent PLD‐specific risk factor in the subgroup of patients with known total liver volume (OR 1.363, p = .001). Patients with multiple hernias were older (62.1 vs. 55.1, p = .001) and more frequently male (22.0% vs. 50.0%, p = .001).ConclusionAWHs occur frequently in PLD with a predominance of umbilical hernias. Hepatomegaly is a clear disease‐specific risk factor.
The carbon economics of vegetative phase change
Authors: Lawrence Erica H. , Springer Clint J. , Helliker Brent R. , Poethig R. Scott 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAcross plant species and biomes, a conserved set of leaf traits govern the economic strategy used to assimilate and invest carbon. As plants age, they face new challenges that may require shifts in this leaf economic strategy. In this study, we investigate the role of the developmental transition, vegetative phase change (VPC), in altering carbon economics as plants age. We used overexpression of microRNA 156 (miR156), the master regulator of VPC, to modulate the timing of VPC in Populus tremula x alba, Arabidopsis thaliana and Zea mays to understand the impact of this transition on leaf economic traits, including construction cost, payback time and return on investment. Here, we find that VPC causes a shift from a low‐cost, quick return juvenile strategy to a high‐cost, high‐return adult strategy. The juvenile strategy is advantageous in light‐limited conditions, whereas the adult strategy provides greater returns in high light. The transition between these strategies is correlated with the developmental decline in the level of miR156, suggesting that is regulated by the miR156/SPL pathway. Our results provide an ecophysiological explanation for the existence of juvenile and adult leaf types and suggest that natural selection for these alternative economic strategies could be an important factor in plant evolution.
Insufficient hepatic uptake in pediatric patients on lymphoscintigraphy
Authors: Hosokawa Takahiro , Uchiyama Mayuki , Tanami Yutaka , Sato Yumiko , Wakabayashi Yasuharu , Oguma Eiji 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundTo demonstrate the association between pediatric outcomes and tracer hepatic uptake as a marker of systemic circulation in lymphoscintigraphy.MethodsWe included 31 initial lymphoscintigraphic studies. We compared the presence or absence of hepatic uptake between deceased and survived patients in both early and delayed images using Fisher's exact test. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis was performed based on imaging results, and these curves were compared using the log‐rank test. The primary endpoint was death and the survival period was defined from the day of examination to the day of the last visit or death.ResultsOf 31 patients, six died. Hepatic uptake was significantly different in both early and delayed images (early images, died [with/without visualization] vs. survived [with/without visualization], 0/6 vs. 13/12, P = 0.028; delayed images, died [with/without visualization] vs. survived [with/without visualization], 2/4 vs. 22/3, P = 0.014) between deceased and survived patients. Survival periods were significantly different between the two groups with and without hepatic uptake in early and delayed images (with/without visualization in early imags = 1,177.1 ± 773.8 days/426.7 ± 419.8 days, P = 0.008 and with/without visualization in delayed images = 821.3 ± 738.0 days/467.4 ± 452.4 days, P = 0.003).ConclusionsVisualization of hepatic uptake in both early and delayed lymphoscintigraphy is associated with patient outcomes. Hepatic uptake could represent tracer inflow into the systemic circulation, indicating preservation of the connection between the lymphatic system and the systemic circulation. Physicians should evaluate these findings carefully on lymphoscintigraphy.
A qualitative analysis of perceptions of and reactions to COVID‐19
Authors: Hawkins Maren M. , Lopez Alexa A. , Schmitt Marin E. , Tamkin Vivian L. , Dressel Anne E. , Kako Peninnah , Mkandawire‐Valhmu Lucy , Weinhardt Lance S. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo understand communities’ perceptions, beliefs, and health‐related behavior choices related to COVID‐19 in order to guide public health nursing communication and interaction with patients and the community.DesignA qualitative study, guided by the Health Belief Model (HBM), strove to comprehend the perceptions and reactions to COVID‐19 among Wisconsinites.SampleTwenty‐five diverse Wisconsin residents aged 18 or older.MeasurementsSemi‐structured interviews provided information about individuals’ attitudes, perceptions, and reactions to COVID‐19. Interviews were audio‐recorded, transcribed, and thematic analysis was conducted to identify themes.ResultsWe identified three major themes: (1) “health care starts way before you ever enter the doors of a healthcare facility”; (2) “to live in a society is to help each other”; and (3) mental health as impacted by COVID‐19.ConclusionsThis study demonstrated the need for greater public health support, as well as the role of Social Determinants of Health. Understanding perceptions and reactions to COVID‐19 can help public health nurses understand and better respond to future pandemics.
Different encounter behaviors: Businesses in encounters with regulatory agencies
Authors: Nielsen Helle Ørsted , Nielsen Vibeke Lehmann 
Published: February 2022

AbstractStudies on regulatory encounters have shown that the interaction between regulator and regulatee is important for implementation of public policy. Much of this research examines how the behavior of frontline workers in such encounters affects regulateecompliance, that is, an outcome of the encounter, but we know less about thebehaviorthat regulatees bring to these encounters. This paper therefore examines how businesses behave in encounters with regulatory authorities, and whether we can identify distinct, multidimensional types of encounter behavior. Using survey data from representative samples of Danish businesses and an exploratory cluster analysis, we identify five types of encounter behavior. We label these “Cooperators,” “Accommodators,” “Game players,” “Protesters,” and “Fighters.” We believe this framework provides a useful next step in a research agenda on businesses' behavior in regulatory encounters.
Microfinance and poverty reduction: Evidence from Djibouti
Authors: Abdallah Ali Mohamed , Mughal Mazhar , Chhorn Dina 
Published: February 2022

AbstractDoes access to microfinance improve household welfare? We seek the answer to this question using data on 2,060 borrower and nonborrower households based in six major urban centers of Djibouti. We construct a composite index of multidimensional poverty that captures various aspects of household well‐being, including ownership of agricultural and livestock assets, land, transportation, employment, quality of housing, and sanitation facilities. We carry out estimations using an instrumental variable–based empirical strategy and a number of econometric techniques. Our results show that neither access to microcredit nor its ostensibly productive use is significantly associated with poverty regardless of the duration of time since the loan was acquired. This holds for both access to and the amount of microcredit obtained. The results are robust across specifications and econometric techniques employed. The lack of significant beneficial effect of microfinance found in the study adds to the growing literature questioning the effectiveness of microfinance as a tool for poverty alleviation. The findings raise doubts on the usefulness of Djibouti's microfinance program.
Scaling up civic food utopias in Australia: The challenges of justice and representation
Authors: Smith Kiah 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThrough the lens of food utopias, this article explores the opportunities and dilemmas experienced by selected civic food networks (CFNs) in Australia as they seek to scale‐up from local initiatives, to regional coalitions, to national social movements. Findings from qualitative analysis of key informant interviews indicate the ways that scaling up is both a micro‐ and macro‐level process. While local initiatives focus on different problems (food waste, hunger, health, ecology), establishing shared visions that emphasise systems reform has shaped coalition building and collective action beyond the local. As problem and solution definitions converge and diverge around justice and rights, however, limitations in the representation, positioning and ‘voice’ of marginalised stakeholders – specifically, indigenous people and those most affected by hunger – have emerged. This has opened up new spaces of contestation that today take central place in determining the trajectory of ‘values‐based territorial food networks’ in Australia.
Cytologic diagnosis of Mycoplasma in a recurrent abscess from a cat
Authors: Obeiter Sara T. , Sneed Amy , Odemuyiwa Solomon O. , Royal Angela 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA 10‐year‐old, neutered male, indoor/outdoor domestic shorthair cat was presented for a mass on the right front paw. The mass was treated as an abscess, and despite initial resolution, the mass recurred and ruptured approximately 1 month later. This mass successfully resolved with intense management as an open wound. Several days later, the cat developed vomiting and inappetence, and a new mass was noted on the lateral aspect of the right rear limb. Aspirates from the new mass were submitted for cytologic evaluation and bacterial cultures. Anaerobic and aerobic bacterial cultures were negative. Cytologic evaluation revealed septic neutrophilic inflammation with small rod, cocci, curved, and ring forms of bacteria seen, and Mycoplasma spp. infection was suspected based on the morphology of the bacteria. Polymerase chain reaction followed by gene sequencing revealed 86% similarity for Mycoplasma elephantis. The cat was treated with a fluoroquinolone antibiotic and clinically improved, with resolution of the abscess. This case highlights the importance of recognizing the morphologic appearance of Mycoplasma spp. on cytologic examination to help guide additional testing choices and therapeutic planning.