bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long-term delayed emergence after remimazolam-based general anesthesia: a case report
Authors: Takemori Tsubasa , Oyama Yoshimasa , Makino Takenori , Hidaka Seigo , Kitano Takaaki 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Remimazolam is an ultra-short-acting benzodiazepine anesthetic that is antagonized by flumazenil, and it is typically expected to be applied in anesthesia with the purpose of ensuring early postoperative recovery. We report a case of long-term delayed emergence with re-sedation even after three times of flumazenil administration.

Case presentation
A 71-year-old man was scheduled for a robotic-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy for prostate cancer. We used remimazolam for anesthetic induction and maintenance. The intraoperative bispectral index (BIS) was 30–50. Flumazenil was administered as patient emergence was delayed after surgery; however, re-sedation was observed. This finding persisted till 12 h after surgery, and the patient awakened on postoperative day 2.

Conclusions
Remimazolam is a short-acting anesthetic, but long-term delayed emergence with re-sedation may occur even after flumazenil administration. Anesthesia using remimazolam requires anesthesia management that takes into account the individual differences in sensitivity and metabolism, with BIS as the indicator.
Development and validation of personalised risk prediction models for early detection and diagnosis of primary liver cancer among the English primary care population using the QResearch® database: research protocol and statistical analysis plan
Authors: Liao Weiqi , Jepsen Peter , Coupland Carol , Innes Hamish , Matthews Philippa C. , Campbell Cori , Barnes Eleanor , Hippisley-Cox Julia ,   on behalf of the DeLIVER consortium
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background and research aim
The incidence and mortality of liver cancer have been increasing in the UK in recent years. However, liver cancer is still under-studied. The Early Detection of Hepatocellular Liver Cancer (DeLIVER-QResearch) project aims to address the research gap and generate new knowledge to improve early detection and diagnosis of primary liver cancer from general practice and at the population level. There are three research objectives: (1) to understand the current epidemiology of primary liver cancer in England, (2) to identify and quantify the symptoms and comorbidities associated with liver cancer, and (3) to develop and validate prediction models for early detection of liver cancer suitable for implementation in clinical settings.

Methods
This population-based study uses the QResearch® database (version 46) and includes adult patients aged 25–84 years old and without a diagnosis of liver cancer at the cohort entry (study period: 1 January 2008–30 June 2021). The team conducted a literature review (with additional clinical input) to inform the inclusion of variables for data extraction from the QResearch database. A wide range of statistical techniques will be used for the three research objectives, including descriptive statistics, multiple imputation for missing data, conditional logistic regression to investigate the association between the clinical features (symptoms and comorbidities) and the outcome, fractional polynomial terms to explore the non-linear relationship between continuous variables and the outcome, and Cox/competing risk regression for the prediction model. We have a specific focus on the 1-year, 5-year, and 10-year absolute risks of developing liver cancer, as risks at different time points have different clinical implications. The internal–external cross-validation approach will be used, and the discrimination and calibration of the prediction model will be evaluated.

Discussion
The DeLIVER-QResearch project uses large-scale representative population-based data to address the most relevant research questions for early detection and diagnosis of primary liver cancer in England. This project has great potential to inform the national cancer strategic plan and yield substantial public and societal benefits.
Management of chyluria using percutaneous thoracic duct stenting
Authors: Cuong Nguyen Ngoc , Linh Le Tuan , My Thieu Thi Tra , Hoa Tran Quoc , Long Hoang , Hoan Le , Inoue Masanori 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Thoracic duct stenosis or obstruction is one of the causes of chyluria. Although the diagnosis of chyluria is not difficult, treatment is still challenging. Although there have been no standard guidelines for the treatment of chyluria, interventional techniques now offer minimally invasive treatment options for chyluria such as interstitial lymphatic embolization, ductoplasty with balloon, or thoracic duct stenting.

Case presentation
Here, we report a case of chyluria due to obstruction of the junction between the thoracic duct and subclavian vein in a 64 -year- old female patient. The patient was treated with balloon plasty for lymphovenous junction obstruction and interstitial lymphatic embolization for chyluria. However, chyluria was recurrent after 6 months so intranodal lymphangiography was performed. Anterograde thoracic duct was accessed through a transabdominal to the cisterna chyli which showed that the thoracic venous junction was re-obstruction. The patient was successfully treated by placing a uncovered drug-eluting stent with the size of 2.5 mm x 15 mm in length for resolving the thoracic occlusion.

Conclusion
This report demonstrates the feasibility of using thoracic duct stenting in the treatment chyluria due to lymphovenous junction obstruction.
Introduction of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) gene does not reduce potassium use efficiency of Bt transgenic cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)
Authors: WANG Qianqian , YAN Wei , ZHANG Yichi , ZHAN Manman , LUO Xiaoli , ENEJI A. Egrinya , ZHANG Anhong , XIAO Juanli , LI Fangjun , TIAN Xiaoli 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Potassium (K) deficiency has become a common field production problem following the widespread adoption of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) transgenic cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) worldwide. The purpose of this study was to clarify whether the introduction of Bt gene directly reduces the K-use efficiency of cotton to induce K deficiency.

Results
The cotton variety, Jihe 321 (wild type, WT) and its two Bt (Cry1Ac)-transgenic overexpression lines (OE-29317, OE-29312) were studied in field with low soil-test K+ (47.8 mg·kg−1). In the field with low soil-test K+, only OE-29317 had less biomass and K+ accumulation than the WT at some growth stages. Both Bt lines produced similar or even greater seed cotton yield than WT in the field. When the Bt gene (~ 70%) in OE-29317 and OE-29312 plants was silenced by virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS), the VIGS-Bt plants did not produce more biomass than VIGS-green fluorescent protein (control) plants.

Conclusions
The introduction of Bt gene did not necessarily hinder the K use efficiency of the cotton lines under this study.
Organosilicon leather coating technology based on carbon peak strategy
Authors: Wang Wenkai , Fan Haojun , Song Lijiang , Wang Zhenya , Li Heng , Xiang Jun , Huang Qiang , Chen Xiangquan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBased on the demand of carbon peak and carbon emission reduction strategy, divinyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane (ViPDMSVi), poly(methylhydrosiloxane) (PMHS), divinyl-terminated polymethylvinylsiloxane (ViPMVSVi), and fumed silica were used as primary raw materials, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) synthetic leather coating was in situ constructed by thermally induced hydrosilylation polymerization on the synthetic leather substrate. The effect of the viscosity of ViPDMSVi, the active hydrogen content of PMHS, the molar ratio of vinyl groups to active hydrogen, the dosage of ViPMVSVi and fumed silica on the performance of PDMS polymer coating, including mechanical properties, cold resistance, flexural resistance, abrasion resistance, hydrophobic and anti-fouling properties were investigated. The results show that ViPDMSVi with high vinyl content and PMHS with low active hydrogen content is more conducive to obtaining organosilicon coating with better mechanical properties, the optimized dosage of ViPMVSVi and fumed silica was 7 wt% and 40 wt%, respectively. In this case, the tensile strength and the broken elongation of the PDMS polymer coating reached 5.96 MPa and 481%, showing reasonable mechanical properties for leather coating. Compared with polyurethane based or polyvinyl chloride based synthetic leather, the silicon based synthetic leather prepared by this method exhibits excellent cold resistance, abrasion resistance, super hydrophobicity, and anti-fouling characteristics.
Graphical Abstract
Cognitive impairment in health care workers recovering from COVID-19 infection: a cross-sectional comparative study
Authors: Omar Ahmed Khaled Abd-Elrazzak , Dahesh Salwa M. A. , Ellakwa Doha El-Sayed , Gomaa Mohamed Kamal , Abdulsamad Basma , Hanafy Rana , Al Metwally Hanan G. , Mohammad Ruqia Nour Edin Mohammad , Badawy Samar Saleh , El Saleh Rabab M. , Abdelhafiz Mohammed E. , Gouda Abdalla Mohamed , Seada Showikar Adel Saleh , Amr Marwa M. , Asar Yomna , Alamrawy Roa Gamal 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
The COVID-19 outbreak has infected people all over the world where many clinics are being constructed to diagnose and treat lingering symptoms or long COVID. Neurological and long-term cognitive consequences are very worrisome. Many of COVID-19’s neurological symptoms are likely the result of the body’s extensive immunological response to infection rather than the virus attacking the brain or nervous system directly. At the same time, the extent and type of COVID-19’s cognitive consequences are unknown. The goal of this study was to assess the cognitive functions of healthcare workers 2 weeks to 3 months after COVID-19 infection. Ninety-two healthcare workers participated in the study; 32 were post-COVID-19 cases, and 60 were healthy people (the comparison group). The cognitive functions of the participants were assessed using the Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination (ACE-III) test, which evaluated attention, memory, language, and visuospatial skills, as well as the Arabic version of the Patient Health Questionnaire Anxiety GAD-7 and Depression Assessments PHQ-9.

Results
The study revealed that there was a highly significant direct correlation between post-infection with COVID-19 and scores of both anxiety and depression and an inverse correlation in the case of attention and memory. On the other hand, there is no statistical effect of post-COVID-19 on verbal fluency, language scores, and visio-spatial abilities. Using multiple linear regression, there was a powerful significant decrease effect of post-COVID-19 on memory scores controlling both anxiety and depression degrees (Beta = − 0.745, P < 0.001). Also, there was a strong negative correlation post-COVID-19 on attention scores controlling both anxiety and depression degrees (Beta = − 0.745, P < 0.001).

Conclusions
The study showed a strong negative effect of post-COVID-19 on the attention and memory of patients. Furthermore, both anxiety and depression scores increased significantly among the post-COVID-19 patients.
Comparison of internal cognitive training versus external cognitive training on mild cognitive impairment among elderly population
Authors: Dagar Asha , Kumar Saurabh , Raghumahanti Raghuveer , Rai Anushree 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a common condition in the elderly population. It is characterized by confusion, disorientation, memory complaints, as well as restricted attention, learning, and language abilities.

Objectives
The objective of this study was to compare the effect of internal and external cognitive training in patients with mild cognitive impairment.

Methods
Twenty-six patients with mild cognitive impairment participated in this study. An equal number of participants (n=13) were allocated into two groups, i.e., the internal cognitive training group (group A) and external cognitive training (group B). Cognitive training session was administered 40 min per day, at a frequency of 2 sessions per week, for a period of 4 weeks for both groups, and aerobic exercise was also performed for 15 min per day, for a period of 4 weeks. Outcome measures were undertaken at baseline and at the end of the 4th week.

Results
The result shows a significant improvement on MoCA components in the internal cognitive training group than the external cognitive training group (P<0.05).

Conclusion
It was concluded that the internal cognitive training (ICT) shows significant improvement on mild cognitive impairment in elderly as compared to external cognitive training (ECT).
Quantum phase effects for electrically charged particles: Updated analysis
Authors: Kholmetskii A. L. , Yarman T. , Missevitch O. V. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
We present an updated analysis of the total expression for the Aharonov-Bohm (AB) phase of a charged particle in an electromagnetic field, which we previously obtained through the superposition principle for quantum phases of charges and dipoles (Sci. Rep., 8 (2018) 11937), and here we re-derive it directly in the framework of the general approach, when the source, the electromagnetic field and the charged particle are quantized. The disclosure of the full set of quantum phase effects for a moving charged particle allows an important update of the wave-particle duality concept by generalizing the de Broglie relationship, where the wave vector associated with the particle is proportional to the vector sum of the mechanical and interactional electromagnetic momenta.
Study of hydromagnetic solitary waves in the Earth's inner magnetosphere via the Adlam-Allen model
Authors: Abbas S. S. , Abbas G. , Allen J. E. , Iqbal Z. , Shamir M. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSolitary hydromagnetic waves propagating perpendicular to the ambient magnetic field are nonlinear structures that were first analysed by Adlam and Allen in 1958. Although they were first studied for electron-ion plasmas in the controlled thermonuclear reaction experiment, they can also occur in other plasma media. Satellite observations have confirmed that these large-amplitude hydromagnetic waves are ubiquitous in many space plasma environments. In this paper, using Sagdeev pseudopotential technique, we study the properties of large amplitude hydromagnetic waves using the physical model employed by Adlam-Allen. It is confirmed that the waves exist with Mach numbers within the range from 1 to 2. Applications to observations of di-polarization fronts (DFs) in the Earth's inner magnetosphere are discussed.
Conditional Deletion of KOR (Oprk1) in Kisspeptin Cells Does Not Alter LH Pulses, Puberty, or Fertility in Mice
Authors: Coutinho Eulalia A , Esparza Lourdes A , Hudson Alexandra D , Rizo Nathanael , Steffen Paige , Kauffman Alexander S 
Published: October 2022

AbstractClassic pharmacological studies suggested that endogenous dynorphin-KOR signaling is important for reproductive neuroendocrine regulation. With the seminal discovery of an interconnected network of hypothalamic arcuate neurons co-expressing kisspeptin, neurokinin B, and dynorphin (KNDy neurons), the KNDy hypothesis was developed to explain how gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) pulses are generated. Key to this hypothesis is dynorphin released from KNDy neurons acting in a paracrine manner on other KNDy neurons via kappa opioid receptor (KOR) signaling to terminate neural “pulse” events. While in vitro evidence supports this aspect of the KNDy hypothesis, a direct in vivo test of the necessity of KOR signaling in kisspeptin neurons for proper LH secretion has been lacking. We therefore conditionally knocked out KOR selectively from kisspeptin neurons of male and female mice and tested numerous reproductive measures, including in vivo LH pulse secretion. Surprisingly, despite validating successful knockout of KOR in kisspeptin neurons, we found no significant effect of kisspeptin cell-specific deletion of KOR on any measure of puberty, LH pulse parameters, LH surges, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels, estrous cycles, or fertility. These outcomes suggest that the KNDy hypothesis, while sufficient normally, may not be the only neural mechanism for sculpting GnRH and LH pulses, supported by recent findings in humans and mice. Thus, besides normally acting via KOR in KNDy neurons, endogenous dynorphin and other opioids may, under some conditions, regulate LH and FSH secretion via KOR in non-kisspeptin cells or perhaps via non-KOR pathways. The current models for GnRH and LH pulse generation should be expanded to consider such alternate mechanisms.
Phosphosites of the yeast centrosome component Spc110 contribute to cell cycle progression and mitotic exit
Authors: Abbasi Marjan , Julner Alexander , Lim Yan Ting , Zhao Tianyun , Sobota Radoslaw Mikolaj , Menéndez-Benito Victoria 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT
Spc110 is an essential component of the spindle pole body (SPB), the yeast equivalent of the centrosome, that recruits the γ-tubulin complex to the nuclear side of the SPB to produce the microtubules that form the mitotic spindle. Here, we identified phosphosites S11 and S36 in maternally originated Spc110 and explored their functions in vivo. Yeast expressing non-phosphorylatable Spc110S11A had a distinct spindle phenotype characterised by higher levels of α-tubulin, which was frequently asymmetrically distributed between the two SPBs. Furthermore, expression of the double mutant Spc110S11AS36A had a delayed cell cycle progression. Specifically, the final steps of mitosis were delayed in Spc110S11AS36A cells, including expression and degradation of the mitotic cyclin Clb2, disassembling the mitotic spindle and re-localizing Cdc14 to the nucleoli, resulting in late mitotic exit and entry in G1. Thus, we propose that Spc110 phosphorylation at S11 and S36 is required to regulate timely cell cycle progression in budding yeast.
This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
Relação entre Moda e Design na Sociedade Contemporânea e Educação Superior Brasileira: Observação da Influência do Design na Moda através do Levantamento dos Cursos de Pós-Graduação Lato Sensu em Design de Moda e Moda no Brasil
Authors: Leôncio Prada dos Santos Bruna , Triska Ricardo 
Published: October 2022

A pesquisa propõe, através de revisão bibliográfica, a caracterização da influência do design na moda, no contexto da sociedade contemporânea, e tem por objetivo evidenciar as relações que se estabelecem entre ambos os campos. Considerando a inclusão oficial da moda à área do design na educação superior brasileira a partir de 2004, a fim de observar a influência do design na educação superior em Design de Moda ou Moda no Brasil através de um panorama demonstrativo, conduziu-se um levantamento dos cursos de pós-graduação lato sensu em Design de Moda ou Moda reconhecidos pelo Ministério da Educação. Em contraste à revisão literária, que evidencia a naturalidade com que a moda e o design se relacionam, com base nos resultados da investigação foi possível suscitar uma discussão sobre o ainda existente distanciamento entre tais campos na educação superior no Brasil.
Challenging the mechanism of distal biceps tendon rupture using a video analysis study
Authors: Jukes Christopher , Dirckx Margo , Bellringer Simon , Chaundy William , Phadnis Joideep 
Published: October 2022

Aims The conventionally described mechanism of distal biceps tendon rupture (DBTR) is of a ‘considerable extension force suddenly applied to a resisting, actively flexed forearm’. This has been commonly paraphrased as an ‘eccentric contracture to a flexed elbow’. Both definitions have been frequently used in the literature with little objective analysis or citation. The aim of the present study was to use video footage of real time distal biceps ruptures to revisit and objectively define the mechanism of injury. Methods An online search identified 61 videos reporting a DBTR. Videos were independently reviewed by three surgeons to assess forearm rotation, elbow flexion, shoulder position, and type of muscle contraction being exerted at the time of rupture. Prospective data on mechanism of injury and arm position was also collected concurrently for 22 consecutive patients diagnosed with an acute DBTR in order to corroborate the video analysis. Results Four videos were excluded, leaving 57 for final analysis. Mechanisms of injury included deadlift, bicep curls, calisthenics, arm wrestling, heavy lifting, and boxing. In all, 98% of ruptures occurred with the arm in supination and 89% occurred at 0° to 10° of elbow flexion. Regarding muscle activity, 88% occurred during isometric contraction, 7% during eccentric contraction, and 5% during concentric contraction. Interobserver correlation scores were calculated as 0.66 to 0.89 using the free-marginal Fleiss Kappa tool. The prospectively collected patient data was consistent with the video analysis, with 82% of injuries occurring in supination and 95% in relative elbow extension. Conclusion Contrary to the classically described injury mechanism, in this study the usual arm position during DBTR was forearm supination and elbow extension, and the muscle contraction was typically isometric. This was demonstrated for both video analysis and ‘real’ patients across a range of activities leading to rupture. Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2022;3(10):826–831.
System design for coherent combined massive fiber laser array based on cascaded internal phase control
Authors: Long Jinhu , Su Rongtao , Hou Tianyue , Chang Qi , Jiang Min , Chang Hongxiang , Deng Yu , Ma Yanxing , Ma Pengfei , Zhou Pu 
Published: October 2022

Coherent beam combining (CBC) of a fiber laser can scale the output power while maintaining high beam quality. However, phase detection and control remain a challenge for a high-power CBC system with a massive laser array. This paper provides a novel, to the best of our knowledge, cascaded phase-control technique based on internal phase detection and control, called the cascaded internal phase-control technique. The principle of the technique was introduced in detail, and the numerical simulations were carried out based on the stochastic parallel gradient descent (SPGD) algorithm. The results indicated that the cascaded internal phase-control technique was compatible with the massive laser array. Compared with the traditional CBC based on the SPGD algorithm, the control bandwidth could be improved effectively about seven times (120 steps) than the traditional SPGD algorithm (830 steps). Furthermore, the average root mean square of residual phase error was decreased to 0.03 rad (∼λ/209) with a laser array of 259 channels (7∗37), which was 0.36 rad (∼λ/17) in the traditional SPGD algorithm. In addition, the element expanding capacity was analyzed. Since there is no large-aperture optical device in the phase-detection system, this technique has the advantage of freely designing the caliber of the laser emitting system. This paper could offer a reference for the high-power massive laser array system design and phase control.