bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mandibular Myofibroma and Severe Trismus: A Complex Case and Review of Complications
Authors: Aryanpour Zain , Maglic Dino , Zahid Rehan , Tuncer Fatma B. , Gociman Barbu R. , Siddiqi Faizi A. 
Published: June 2022

Summary:
A female child was investigated for insidious onset of temporomandibular joint dysfunction and trismus in the setting of a mandibular myofibroma. Myofibromas, benign mesenchymal neoplasms composed of spindle cells, are rarely found in the oral cavity, most commonly in the mandible. These lesions are historically described as indolent with a high cure rate and minimal recurrence rates following surgical resection. The patient initially presented with concerns regarding snoring, retrognathia, and jaw ankylosis, as well as a history of trouble latching as an infant but without obvious physical deformities. Imaging revealed a large expansile lytic mass of the mandible, but no temporomandibular joint involvement; surgical biopsy evidenced myofibroma, and the lesion was resected. Over the course of disease, the lesion continued to expand, and the patient’s maximal incisal opening continued to decrease despite conservative management with jaw physiotherapy; eventually she could not open her mouth despite the absence of joint involvement. Re-exploration along with formal jaw physiotherapy was achieved and optimal jaw opening was maintained. Myofibromas are rare benign desmoid tumors that can present anywhere in the body in solitary and multicentric forms, and previously did not present significant challenges to surgical and medical management. Tumors of the mandible may present with trismus and soft tissue ankylosis, which can mimic temporomandibular joint dysfunction in the absence of joint involvement. Physical therapy, rehabilitation, and soft tissue contracture release are key to management and improving outcomes in oral cancer patients, regardless of tumor pathology.
Osteoplastic Thumb Reconstruction in the Immediate Setting: A Case Series
Authors: Liu Yusha , Miller Erin A. , Wee Corinne E. , Prsic Adnan , Eble Danielle J. , Kao Dennis S. 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Traumatic thumb amputation can have devastating effects on residual hand function. When replantation is not possible, thumb reconstruction is often performed in a delayed manner and may require multiple stages. Furthermore, reconstruction techniques often require microsurgical skills and equipment, which are not readily available at all institutions. This case series illustrates our technique for immediate osteoplastic thumb reconstruction following traumatic amputation.

Methods:
This is a case series involving all patients who sustained unreplantable thumb amputations and underwent immediate osteoplastic thumb reconstruction with bone autograft and pedicled groin flap by the senior author from September 2016 through August 2018.

Results:
Five patients underwent immediate osteoplastic thumb reconstruction during the study period. Total operative time for the initial osteoplastic reconstruction averaged 158 minutes (range 96–290 minutes). In addition to flap division surgery, patients underwent an average of 1.2 revision procedures (range 0–2), primarily for debulking and hardware removal. Patients achieved an average gain in length of 3.3 cm compared with the maximum anticipated length with revision amputation at the time of injury, and had stable clinical outcomes for a minimum of 12 months.

Conclusions:
Osteoplastic thumb reconstruction is a useful technique for thumb reconstruction for select patients following traumatic thumb amputation. Advantages of this approach include shorter overall operative times and hospital length of stay, minimal donor site morbidity, and a straightforward, reproducible technique.
Comparison of Vascular Density and Structural Patterns Between Primary Open Angle Glaucoma and Primary Angle Closure Glaucoma
Authors: Mohammadi Massood , Mohammadi Seyed Saeed , Tabatabaei Seyed M. , Eslami Yadollah , Zarei Reza , Zandvakil Narges , Fakhraie Ghasem , Safizadeh Mona , Farshchi Mohammad R. , Moghimi Sasan 
Published: June 2022

Purpose:
To compare the pattern of vascular density and structural damage in primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) with primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG) using optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography (OCTA) in the optic nerve head, circumpapillary, and macular regions, respectively.

Materials and Methods:
One hundred thirty-one eyes of 82 patients (53 eyes with PACG and 78 eyes with POAG) were enrolled in this study. The patients underwent complete ophthalmic examination, Bruch membrane opening minimum rim width, circumpapillay retinal nerve fiber layer (cpRNFL), and macular ganglion cell complex (GCC) measurements and vascular density determination of the peripapillary and macular area with OCT and OCTA. A linear mixed model was used for the statistical analysis.

Results:
There was no significant difference between the 2 groups in terms of age (P=0.94) and visual field mean deviation (P=0.78). Female-to-male ratio was higher in PACG patients than the POAG group (P=0.02), and AL was shorter in PACG eyes (P<0.001). cpRNFL and GCC were not different between the 2 groups (all P values>0.05, except for nasal segment cpRNFL). Vessel densities in the peripapillary and macular areas were comparable between the 2 groups (all P values>0.05). Although Bruch membrane opening minimum rim width was thicker in PACG eyes on univariate analysis, the multivariable analysis showed no significant difference between the 2 groups (P>0.05).

Conclusions:
PACG and POAG eyes with similar visual field damages have comparable structural damage patterns in the peripapillary and inner macular thickness and vessel density measurements.
Pupillary Abnormalities After Excision of Orbital Cavernous Venous Malformations
Authors: Vahdani Kaveh , Rose Geoffrey E. 
Published: June 2022

Aims:
The aim of this study was to determine the incidence and recovery rate for pupillary abnormalities after excision of orbital cavernous venous malformations (OCVMs).

Methods:
Retrospective case-note and imaging review for patients with OCVMs, with an estimation of odds ratios (ORs) in relation to the position of the mass and surgical approach.

Results:
The 287 included patients (176 female; 61%) presented at a mean age of 46.5 years: 243/287 (85%) OCVMs were intraconal, 253/287 (88%) located in the posterior two-thirds of the orbit, and 29/287 (11%) wedged tightly in the apex. Pupillary changes—varying from minor sectoral paresis (only evident on slit-lamp examination) to a marked mydriasis—were noted in 21% (60/287) of patients and were strongly associated with removal of intraconal (60/243 [25%]; p < 0.001), apical (14/29 [48%]; OR, 4.3; p < 0.001), inferior or inferotemporal (41/105 [39%]; OR, 5.5; p < 0.001) masses. Lateral approaches—either with (23/129; 18%) or without (30/71; 42%) osteotomy—were associated with 88% (53/60) of all abnormalities (OR, 4.1; p < 0.001). Where known, the abnormalities improved in 43/50 (86%), although 15/43 (35%) had a persistent tonic pupil.

Conclusion:
Pupillary abnormalities after excision of OCVMs can occur in up to a quarter of intraconal lesions—particularly those located inferotemporally or inferiorly—and in about a half of apical lesions. Lateral or inferolateral orbital approaches that disrupt the inferior intraconal fat appear to be associated with a higher risk. Most changes resolve or improve markedly, although a third of those affected may have a persistent tonic pupil.
Prehospital Care of Coronary Artery Disease and Its Major Risk Factors in Geropsychiatric Inpatients
Authors: Manu Peter , Grudnikoff Eugene , Constantin Dan A. , Rogozea Liliana M. , Rucsanda Ioana , Leaşu Florin , Dinu Eleonora 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Older adults with serious mental illness have a high prevalence of coronary artery disease and of its major risk factors, that is, arterial hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes mellitus. The prevalence and clinical control of these conditions have not been compared in geropsychiatric inpatients with dementia versus those with mood or psychotic disorders.

Study Question:
What is the prevalence and acuity of coronary artery disease, arterial hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes mellitus among patients with dementia, mood, and psychotic disorders admitted for geropsychiatric care?

Study Design:
Patients 65 years of age or older were identified in a cohort of 1000 patients consecutively admitted over a 3-year period to the geropsychiatric unit of a 200-bed mental health hospital in suburban New York. All patients had a structured clinical and laboratory evaluation within 72 hours of admission.

Data Sources:
Primary psychiatric diagnoses, medical history, the frequency of poorly controlled cardiometabolic comorbidity requiring an immediate change in the management plan, and the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI).

Results:
The 65 years and older patient sample (N = 689) had a mean age of 74.8 years, and 58.8% of the subjects were women. The 205 patients with dementia were older (P < 0.001) than the 337 patients with mood disorders and the 147 patients with psychotic syndromes. The numbers of medical conditions and the CCI after exclusion of dementia were similar in patients with dementia versus patients without dementia. A substantial number of patients had poorly controlled arterial hypertension (51.2%), dyslipidemia (25.4%), diabetes (24.2%), and coronary artery disease (15.4%). Patients with dementia had a lower prevalence of poorly controlled dyslipidemia (P = 0.0006), diabetes (P = 0.0089), and coronary artery disease (P = 0.045).

Conclusions:
Compared with mood or psychotic disorder, a diagnosis of dementia with behavioral disturbance seemed to be associated with better control of coronary artery disease, dyslipidemia, and diabetes mellitus in geropsychiatric inpatients.
Diagnostic Accuracy of the Rapid Xpert HIV-1 Viral Load XC, Xpert HIV-1 Viral Load, & m-PIMA HIV-1/2 Viral Load in South African Clinics
Authors: Dorward Jienchi , Naidoo Jessica , Moodley Pravikrishnen , Sookrajh Yukteshwar , Samsunder Natasha , Sayed Fathima , Naicker Nivashnee , Fanshawe Thomas , Drain Paul K. , Lessells Richard J. , Hayward Gail , Butler Christopher C. , Garrett Nigel 
Published: June 2022

Background:
We aimed to evaluate the analytic performance of 3 rapid HIV viral load assays: the novel Xpert HIV-1 VL XC (Xpert XC), Xpert HIV-1 VL (Xpert VL), and m-PIMA HIV-1/2 VL (m-PIMA).

Setting:
Two South African clinics.

Methods:
We conducted a prospective diagnostic accuracy study. Site-laboratory technicians and nurses used the Xpert XC, Xpert VL, and m-PIMA to test plasma samples from people with HIV receiving antiretroviral therapy. We compared results with the Roche cobas HIV-1 reference assay. We determined accuracy to detect viraemia at the World Health Organization (WHO) failure threshold of 1000 copies/mL on all 3 assays, and 50 and 200 copies/mL on the Xpert assays. We assessed the agreement using Bland–Altman plots.

Results:
We enrolled 140 participants (98 [70%] women, median age 37 years), who provided 189 paired samples at one or more timepoints. We tested 174 samples with the Xpert XC, 188 with the Xpert VL, and 128 with the m-PIMA. At 1000 copies/mL, sensitivity and specificity (95% confidence intervals) were 97% (82 to 100) and 98% (93 to 99) (Xpert XC), 100% (87 to 100) and 96% (91 to 98) (Xpert VL), and 92% (72 to 99) and 99% (93 to 100) (m-PIMA) respectively. At 50 copies/mL, sensitivity and specificity were 93% (81 to 98) and 96% (91 to 99) (Xpert XC), and 95% (84 to 99) and 95% (90 to 98) (Xpert VL) respectively. Mean bias was −0.10 (−0.54 to 0.34) log10 copies/mL (Xpert XC), 0.07 (−0.37 to 0.52) log10 copies/mL (Xpert VL), and −0.26 (−0.83 to 0.31) log10 copies/mL (m-PIMA).

Conclusions:
In these South African clinics, the accuracy of all 3 assays was clinically acceptable to detect viraemia at the WHO failure threshold, whereas both Xpert assays were also accurate at detecting low-level viraemia.
Agriterribacter soli sp. nov., isolated from herbicide-contaminated soil
Authors: Song Man , Mao Zhen-Bo , Liu Yuan , Wang Guang-Li , Li Feng , Zhang Long 
Published: June 2022

A Gram-stain-negative, non-spore-forming and rod-shaped bacterium, designated strain NS-102T, was isolated from herbicide-contaminated soil sampled in Nanjing, PR China, and its taxonomic status was investigated by a polyphasic approach. Cell growth of strain NS-102T occurred at 16–42 °C (optimum, 30 °C), at pH 5.0–8.0 (optimum, pH 6.0) and in the presence of 0–3.5 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, without addition of NaCl). The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain NS-102T shows high similarity to that of

Agriterribacter humi

YJ03T (96.9 % similarity), followed by

Terrimonas terrae

T16R-129T (93.8 %) and

Terrimonas pekingensis

QHT (93.6 %). Average nucleotide identity, average amino acid identity and digital DNA–DNA hybridization values between the draft genomes of strain NS-102T and

A. humi

YJ03T were 72.5, 69.4 and 18.6%, respectively. The only respiratory quinone was MK-7, and phosphatidylethanolamine and unidentified lipids were the major polar lipids. The major cellular fatty acids of strain NS-102T contained high amounts of iso-C15 : 0 (24.6 %), iso-C17 : 03-OH (24.1 %), iso-C15 : 0 G (16.6 %) and summed feature 3 (C16 : 1
ω6c and/or C16 : 1
ω7c) (15.6 %). The G+C content of the total DNA was determined to be 40.0 mol%. The morphological, physiological, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic analyses clearly distinguished this strain from its closest phylogenetic neighbours. Thus, strain NS-102T represents a novel species of the genus

Agriterribacter

, for which the name Agriterribacter soli sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is NS-102T (=CCTCC AB 2017249T=KCTC 62322T).
Relation of spice consumption with COVID-19 first wave statistics (infection, recovery and mortality) across India
Authors: Bhapkar Vedvati , Bhalerao Supriya 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackground & ObjectivesThe recovery and mortality statistics for COVID-19 first wave considerably differed in different states & Union territories (UT) of India. Though dependent on several factors, relation of diet and immunity is well-established. Spices are an essential part of Indian cuisine. Apart from adding flavors and colors to the food, their importance has been traditionally known in disease prevention and cure. Thus, present study was carried out to assess relation of spice consumption with COVID-19 first wave statistics in India.MethodsThe spice consumption data were retrieved from ‘Household Consumption of Various Goods and Services in India’ from 68th round (2011-12) of survey conducted by National Sample Survey Organization (NSSO). Spices for which, consumption data was available, viz., ginger (Zingiber officinale), garlic (Allium sativum), cumin (Cuminum cyminum), coriander (Coriandrum sativum), turmeric (Curcuma longa), black pepper (Piper nigrum), chili (Capsicum annuuam), tamarind (Tamarandus indica) and ‘other spices’ were selected for analysis. The COVID-19 first wave data for individual states and UTs were retrieved as total number of cases, number of cured/discharged/migrated cases and total number of deaths due to COVID-19, in a cumulative form. It was normalized ‘per million’ population of respective states and UT. The correlation of individual spice consumption and COVID-19 statistics was analyzed.Results and ConclusionsSpices were consumed across all India with a varied range. The highest consumed spice was ginger. Its highest consumption was in Mizoram (185 gm/30 days) and least in Jammu & Kashmir (23gm/30 days). The highest consumption of ‘Other spices’ were observed in Lakshadweep (149 gm/30 days), which incidentally reported zero COVID-19 cases. Tamarind consumption showed positive correlation (r = 0.4724) with total number of cases per million population, recovered/migrated/cured cases (r = 0.4948). The consumption of cumin exhibited a weak positive correlation (r = 0.5011) with total deaths per million population. However, most of these correlations were statistically insignificant. The findings from this study provide a basic framework and understanding for future studies. These findings can help to predict preventive/ mitigating or curative usage of these spices. Should similar scenario occur in future, these findings can provide some vital base to act as adjuvant management. As the unspecified and under-explored ‘Other spices’ category showed promising correlation, more attention needs to be given to them too, along with mostly studied spices like ginger and turmeric.
Comparison of machine learning methods for clinical data imputation among a real-world lung cancer cohort
Authors: Yang Daniel X. , Hui Yongfeng , Wang Betsy , Avesta Arman , Zuber Charlotte , Park Henry S. , Aneja Sanjay 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPURPOSECancer registries are important sources of real-world data (RWD) that reveal insights into practice patterns and cancer patient outcomes, but the prevalence of missing data can be high. Machine learning (ML) imputation methods can be applied to large RWD sets, but the performance of these approaches within cancer registries is unclear.METHODSWe identified non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients within the National Cancer Database diagnosed in 2014 with complete data in 19 variables of known clinical and prognostic significance. We generated synthetic missing data for each variable, then performed imputation using substitution (control) and five different ML approaches. Imputation efficacy was measured by normalized root-mean-square error (RMSE) for continuous variables and proportion of falsely classified entries (PFC) for categorical variables. We also measured algorithm runtimes and the impact of incorporating imputed values on survival modeling.RESULTS50,790 NSCLC patients were included for this study, with 81 features for each patient after data preprocessing. Among the tested ML methods, SoftImpute had the lowest RMSE (best performance) for continuous variables ranging from 0.071 to 0.080 for 10% to 50% missing data, and MissForest had the lowest PFC (best performance) for categorical variables ranging from 0.251 to 0.311 for 10 to 50% missing data. SoftImpute had a runtime of 3.28×10−4seconds per patient record, and MissForest averaged 2.96×10−3seconds per patient record. Deep learning imputation using a denoising autoencoder did not achieve improved performance despite higher algorithm runtimes. Cox models incorporating ML imputed data achieved similar C-index ranging from 0.787 to 0.801 for all ML methods tested.CONCLUSIONML imputation achieved promising performance for NSCLC patients within a large national cancer registry.
Heavy-tailed sexual contact networks and the epidemiology of monkeypox outbreak in non-endemic regions, May 2022
Authors: Endo Akira , Murayama Hiroaki , Abbott Sam , Ratnayake Ruwan , Pearson Carl A. B. , Edmunds W. John , Fearon Elizabeth , Funk Sebastian 
Published: June 2022

AbstractA global outbreak of monkeypox across non-endemic regions including Europe and North America was confirmed in May 2022. The current outbreak has shown distinct epidemiological features compared with past outbreaks in non-endemic settings, most notably its observed rapid growth and predominant spread among men who have sex with men (MSM). We use a branching process transmission model fitted to empirical sexual partnership data in the UK to show that the heavy-tailed nature of the sexual partnership degree distribution, where a small fraction of individuals have disproportionately large numbers of partners, can explain the sustained growth of monkeypox cases among the MSM population despite the absence of such patterns of spread in past outbreaks. We also suggest that the basic reproduction number (R0) for monkeypox over the MSM sexual contact network may be substantially greater than 1 for a plausible range of assumptions, which poses a challenge to outbreak containment efforts. Ensuring ongoing support and tailored public health messaging to facilitate prevention and early detection among MSM with a large number of sexual partners is warranted.
Gla-domain mediated targeting of externalized phosphatidylserine for intracellular delivery
Authors: Hardy Jonathan , Bauzon Maxine , Blankenberg Francis , Kanada Masamitsu , Makela Ashley , Chan Charles K.F. , Contag Christopher H. , Hermiston Terry 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPhosphatidylserine (PS) is a negatively charged phospholipid normally localized to the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane of cells but is externalized onto the cell surface during apoptosis as well as in malignant and infected cells. Consequently, PS may comprise an important molecular target in diagnostics, imaging and targeted delivery of therapeutic agents. While an array of PS binding-molecules exist, their utility has been limited by their inability to recognize PS and internalize diagnostic or therapeutic payloads. We describe the generation, isolation, characterization, and utility of a PS binding motif comprised of a carboxylated glutamic acid (GLA) residue domain, that both recognizes cell surface-exposed PS and is internalized into these cells after binding. Internalization is independent of the traditional endosomal-lysosomal pathway, directly entering the cytosol of the target cell in a rapid and energy-independent fashion. We demonstrate that this PS recognition extends to extracellular vesicles and stem cells and that GLA-domain conjugated probes can be detected upon intravenous administration in animal models of infectious disease and cancer. GLA domain binding and internalization offers new opportunities for targeting specific cells for imaging and delivery of therapeutics.
Precise modulation of transcription factor levels reveals drivers of dosage sensitivity
Authors: Naqvi Sahin , Kim Seungsoo , Hoskens Hanne , Matthews Harry S. , Spritz Richard A. , Klein Ophir D. , Hallgrímsson Benedikt , Swigut Tomek , Claes Peter , Pritchard Jonathan K. , Wysocka Joanna 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACTTranscriptional regulation displays extensive robustness, but human genetics indicate sensitivity to transcription factor (TF) dosage. Reconciling such observations requires quantitative studies of TF dosage effects at trait-relevant ranges, which are lacking to date. TFs play central roles in both normal-range and disease-associated variation in facial morphology; we therefore developed an approach to precisely modulate TF levels in human facial progenitors and applied it to SOX9, a TF associated with craniofacial variation and disease (Pierre Robin Sequence, PRS). We found that most SOX9-dependent regulatory elements (REs) are buffered against small decreases in SOX9 dosage, but REs directly and primarily regulated by SOX9 show heightened sensitivity to SOX9 dosage; these RE responses predict gene expression responses. Sensitive REs and genes underlie the vulnerability of chondrogenesis and PRS-like craniofacial shape variation to SOX9 dosage perturbation. We propose that such REs and genes drive the sensitivity of specific phenotypes to TF dosage, while buffering of other genes leads to robust, nonlinear dosage-to-phenotype relationships.