bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The phonosemantics of the Korean monosyllabic ideophone ttak
Authors: Park Ji-Yeon 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The aim of this study is to show how the Korean monosyllabic ideophone ttak functions in spoken register. Ttak is the most frequent ideophone in Korean everyday conversation. Using a spoken corpus, it is proposed that (i) ttak functions as an epistemic modality marker that expresses certainty and the speaker’s belief or confidence in the truth-value of the proposition; (ii) the meaning of certainty is based on language-specific and universal form-meaning correspondences; (iii) there is a correlation between the epistemic marker ttak and its morphosyntactic integration.
Medical book reviews 1665–1800
Authors: Taavitsainen Irma 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This article traces medical book reviews up to 1800 in the first scientific periodical, The Philosophical
Transactions (pt 1665–), and the first general magazine, The Gentleman’s Magazine
(gm 1665–1922), within the frame of genre theory, focusing on polite and impolite speech acts. pt readers
formed a close network of Royal Society members, while gm attracted a large and more heterogeneous readership. The method
employed is qualitative discourse analysis in its sociohistorical context.
Two different lines of development emerge. The first issue of pt contains a book review that set a model
genre script by surveying the contents and providing a concise positive evaluation at the end. gm published few book
reviews at first but their number increased towards 1800. pt keeps to the positive end of evaluation with discreet
criticism, while gm speech acts range from praising compliments to aggressive insults. The former trend goes back to book
advertisements and the latter to scientific disputes; but in general, polite society conventions prevail in both publications.
Insights into blending game localisation in the Arab world
Authors: Al-Ajarmeh Osama , Al-Adwan Amer 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In the field of translation studies, game localisation is considered a growing branch of audiovisual translation
in which localisers translate and adapt game content for successful circulation across foreign markets. This paper sheds light on the
process of localising religious content and obscene references in the game Fiesta Online by comparing it to the Arabic-localised version Arafiesta on the basis of a corpus of 740
dialogue strings. Drawing on the
frameworks developed by Delabastita (1989), Zitawi
(2008) and Al-Adwan (2015), the analysis scrutinises game elements that are
considered controversial in the Arab world. These items were omitted, mitigated, or adapted to
isolate the theme of Paganism from the original content. Visual features were retained except for a few instances. Finally, during the process of localising interactive aspects of the game, retention, deletion
and adaptation were frequently used. The paper highlights how blending game localisation, a prominent localisation approach changing the intersemiotic channels (the verbal, pictorial and interactive layers) of video games, plays a pivotal role in promoting and marketing
game imports in the Arab world, which is now one of the largest growing markets.
How to be authentic on Instagram
Authors: Elordui Agurtzane , Aiestaran Jokin 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This paper analyses the way young people negotiate their ‘real’ identity on Instagram, and how self-presentation can be developed by means of language choice. We draw our data from the corpus of the Gaztesare project. It contains the Instagram production of Basque university students who draw on an inventory of multilingual resources in their interactions. We consider Instagram to be a multi-scalar context in which different orders of indexicality converge (Blommaert 2010). The study analyses, from this multi-scalar perspective, the place of Basque in the language choices the students make in order to belong, to be authentic as someone or something (Varis and Wang 2011). It concludes that local Basque dialects are tools for self-positioning as an ‘authentic’ voice in Instagram chat, but standard Batua, is empowering at a higher scale on Timelines, in which the same speakers use it for a more credible translocal voice.
Stimulated Raman adiabatic passage with trains of weak pulses*
Authors: Sola Ignacio R , Chang Bo Y , Malinovskaya Svetlana A , Carrasco Sebastián C , Malinovsky Vladimir S 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
We consider coherent population transfer in multilevel quantum systems driven by time-delayed pulse trains. We show how to choose the parameters of the trains so that the population dynamics tracks the behavior of a Λ-type three-level system under stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP). Efficient population transfer can be achieved regardless of the order and with or without overlap of the pump and the Stokes sub-pulses of the trains. Generalized STIRAP schemes of population transfer in N-level system with sequential couplings are also examined. The mechanism of the population transfer and the robustness of the proposed schemes are discussed.
A mixed multi-frequency precise point positioning strategy based on the combination of BDS-3 and GNSS multi-frequency observations
Authors: Hu Chao , Wang Qianxin , Wu Zhiyuan , Guo Zhongchen 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Due to the traditional fixed model used in precise point positioning (PPP) solutions, multi-frequency and multi-Global Satellite Navigation System (GNSS) observations have not been fully introduced into positioning services. In consideration of the BDS-3 multi-frequency signals and the new development of other GNSS systems, a new multi-frequency and multi-GNSS PPP solution strategy should be proposed to flexibly model and use all observations. In this study, a preliminary mixed multi-frequency PPP solution strategy is analyzed and tested based on a combination of BDS-3 and GNSS observations. First, the multi-frequency observations are combined and their coefficients are rapidly estimated by least squares; then, the inter-system bias parameter and the stochastic model are introduced into the function model; and finally, the mixed PPP solution and its software are developed and verified by three groups of experiments. According to the experimental results of 96 stations and ten-day multi-GNSS experiment observations, it is indicated that the root-mean-square error of positioning and the convergence time are significantly optimized with the aid of additional frequencies, where the accuracy improvements of multi-frequency and multi-GNSS scheme in the east (E), north (N) and up (U) directions can respectively reach up to 23.2%, 13.3% and 23.8% compared with the traditional BDS-3 dual-frequency ionosphere-free (IF) PPP model; and the corresponding convergence time is reduced from 18.54 min to 13.18 min. Meanwhile, from the results of multi-frequency BDS-3 PPP experiments based on 53 stations, it is suggested that a better performance of positioning and convergence can be obtained by the mixed PPP solution, where the position RMS of the E, N and U directions are reduced by 38.2%, 23.9% and 26.3%, and the convergence time is decreased from 23.86 min to 12.43 min for the combined BDS-3 of all observations, compared with the BDS-3-only solution. Furthermore, in the vehicle experiment of multi-frequency kinematics PPP, a convergence process can be found for different scenarios of BDS-3 combination with other observations. Moreover, the residual series are different for each solution, in which reductions of 71.1%, 33.3% and 77.1% in the E, N and U directions, respectively, can be obtained compared with the traditional BDS-3 dual-frequency IF model in kinematics experiments based on multi-GNSS and multi-frequency scenarios. Therefore, it is meaningful to recommend the mixed PPP solution in the GNSS community to fully use multi-frequency and multi-GNSS observations by the adaptive combination of different observations.
Metal oxide nanocomposite based flexible nanogenerator: synergic effect of light and pressure
Authors: Ngadong Soni , Chekke Tani , Narzary Ringshar , Bayan Sayan , Das Upamanyu 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Here, we report the fabrication of nanocomposite comprising of CuO and poly (vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoro propylene) (PVDF-HFP) for application in flexible piezoelectric nanogenerators (PENG). The chemically grown CuO nanostructures have been characterized through electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction, and spectroscopic techniques. It has been found that the incorporation of optimal CuO nanostructures in PVDF-HFP can increase the output voltage of the PENG by 22 times and is assigned to the increment in the effective dielectric constant of host PVDF-HFP. Further, the nanogenerator exhibits a maximum power of ∼20 μW cm−2 at 3 MΩ load and can charge a capacitor under continuous bio-mechanical impart. Further, upon slight alteration of the device configuration, the output of the nanocomposite-based nanogenerator can be enhanced under illumination condition. The increment in overall piezopotential through photoexcitation in optically active CuO nanostructures can be assigned to the increment in output voltage. The wavelength dependent output variation reveal the maximum output of the PENG under blue light. Further, under white light illumination, the nanogenerator exhibits a maximum power which is 3 times higher than in dark condition and can charge a capacitor 52 times faster. The development of such superior flexible and optically active nanogenerators are quite promising for futuristic self-powered devices operated under mechanical and solar energies.
PET scatter estimation using deep learning U-Net architecture
Authors: Laurent Baptiste , Bousse Alexandre , Merlin Thibaut , Nekolla Stephan , Visvikis Dimitris 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Objective. Positron emission tomography (PET) image reconstruction needs to be corrected for scatter in order to produce quantitatively accurate images. Scatter correction is traditionally achieved by incorporating an estimated scatter sinogram into the forward model during image reconstruction. Existing scatter estimated methods compromise between accuracy and computing time. Nowadays scatter estimation is routinely performed using single scatter simulation (SSS), which does not accurately model multiple scatter and scatter from outside the field-of-view, leading to reduced qualitative and quantitative PET reconstructed image accuracy. On the other side, Monte-Carlo (MC) methods provide a high precision, but are computationally expensive and time-consuming, even with recent progress in MC acceleration. Approach. In this work we explore the potential of deep learning (DL) for accurate scatter correction in PET imaging, accounting for all scatter coincidences. We propose a network based on a U-Net convolutional neural network architecture with 5 convolutional layers. The network takes as input the emission and computed tomography (CT)-derived attenuation factor (AF) sinograms and returns the estimated scatter sinogram. The network training was performed using MC simulated PET datasets. Multiple anthropomorphic extended cardiac-torso phantoms of two different regions (lung and pelvis) were created, considering three different body sizes and different levels of statistics. In addition, two patient datasets were used to assess the performance of the method in clinical practice. Main results. Our experiments showed that the accuracy of our method, namely DL-based scatter estimation (DLSE), was independent of the anatomical region (lungs or pelvis). They also showed that the DLSE-corrected images were similar to that reconstructed from scatter-free data and more accurate than SSS-corrected images. Significance. The proposed method is able to estimate scatter sinograms from emission and attenuation data. It has shown a better accuracy than the SSS, while being faster than MC scatter estimation methods.
Preparation and optical characterization of nanoparticle organic photoactive layer using new fullerene
Authors: Obaid Hiba Aliwi , Al-Mudhaffer Mohammed F 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Nanoparticle Organic photovoltaic devices (NPs-OPVs) have received a great attention due to utilizing eco-friendly material to prepare active layer in OPV without any hazard on the environment. Herein, poly (3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) is employed as a donor with a new and low cost fullerene ICxA to prepare NPs photoactive layer. The NPs photoactive layer is prepared by minemulation method generating core–shell structure. A DLS and STEM measurements are preformed to calculate the particle size (which is around 40 nm). Optical properties then demonstrated for P3HT: ICxA NPs compared with P3HT: PCBM NPs by using UV–vis measurements. The finding of this report reveals that the low cost and a new acceptor ICxA behaviour relativity agree with PCBM as commercial material in NPs structure.
A broadband vortex beam generator using graphene metasurface reflectarray in terahertz region
Authors: Ma Huanxi , Pan Guangwu , Yuan Guoliang , Xie Yuting , Li Zhi , Lin Zhili , Su Shaojian , Qiu Weibin , Huang Beiju , Kan Qiang 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In this paper, a broadband vortex beam generator based on the graphene metasurface reflectarray is demonstrated in terahertz region. The designed graphene metasurface reflectarray structure realizes the generation of orbital angular momentum vortex wave with topological charges of l = ±1, l = ±2 and l = ±3 ranging from 2 to 2.4 THz by modulating the chemical potential and the radius of the graphene unit. Moreover, all of the vortex beam with topological charges of l = +1, l = +2 and l = +3 have a high purity in the range from 2 to 2.4 THz. Our finding shows that the graphene metasurface reflectarray structure might find applications in the fields of broad band vortex wave devices in THz domains and also provide new insights into innovative low-profile devices in the wireless communication.
A novel plasmonic sensor using solid core D-shaped negative curvature optical fiber with AU–TiO2 layer
Authors: Divya J , Selvendran S 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Recently, unique structure fiber enacts a significant role in sensing applications. A novel D-shaped negative curvature fiber based surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor is proposed. The design consists of negative curvature solid core fiber surrounded by a cladding composed of double-layer adjoined airholes. An outside layer of the cladding contains semi-circular airholes, and the interior layer has small circular air holes to overwhelm the higher-order modes. The external sensing approach detects changes in the refractive index between 1.33 and 1.37. Employing gold as a plasmonic material, SPR is developed on top of the photonic crystal fiber (PCF). Between the gold layer and the PCF, a small layer of titanium dioxide is placed for binding the plasmonic material to the fiber. And it acts as an adhesive layer. The finite element method is used to perform numerical analyses. After improving the structural parameters, an enhanced sensitivity of 26 000 nm RIU−1 is achieved. Because of its enhanced sensitivity, this sensor is used in a bio-medical application to detect and prevent diseases in the early stage.
Ytterbium optical lattice clock with instability of order 10−18
Authors: Zhang Ang , Xiong Zhuanxian , Chen Xiaotong , Jiang Yanyi , Wang Jinqi , Tian Congcong , Zhu Qiang , Wang Bing , Xiong Dezhi , He Lingxiang , Ma Longsheng , Lyu Baolong 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
We have built an ytterbium optical lattice clock with improvements over our previous version. An in-vacuum blackbody radiation (BBR) shield is employed to provide a well characterized BBR environment. The effective temperature felt by the atoms can be determined at an accuracy level of 13 mK, leading to a total BBR frequency shift uncertainty of 9.5 × 10−19. We have also built an ultra-stable optical cavity system to pre-stabilize the clock laser, achieving a flicker frequency instability of ∼3 × 10−16. Rabi spectroscopy of the lattice-trapped atoms can achieve sub-Hertz linewidth spectra. Two ytterbium clocks have been operated in an antisynchronized configuration, with real-time BBR-Stark-shift corrections applied to both of them. By comparing the two clocks, we demonstrate a single-clock instability of 5.4 × 10−18 in 4500 s. This clock will be applied for frequency comparisons to other optical clocks of different atomic species in the future.
Flexible X-ray imaging detectors using scintillating fibers
Authors: Wilbur S. , Anastopoulos C. , Angelmahr M. , Asfis G. , Koch J. , Lindblom M. , Lohwasser K. , Margulis W. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
We present early design and simulation work on a novel X-ray imaging detector. The intent of the FleX-RAY project is to create a digital X-ray detector that is capable of producing high-resolution images, is flexible enough to produce an image on a curved surface, and is capable of self-reporting its final shape. The X-rays will be detected on a sheet of scintillating optical fibers, which will guide the scintillation light to single-photon avalanche photodiodes. This setup allows the electronics and hardware to be moved out of the path of the X-ray beam, limiting the need for additional shielding. Self-shape-reporting will be achieved using a flexible ultra-thin glass substrate with optical waveguides and Bragg gratings, processed by femtosecond laser point-by-point writing. The functionalized glass substrate allows precise measurement of strains, which can be used to calculate the shape.
Position sensitive detectors in proton therapy: online monitoring of the beam position
Authors: Schaefer R. , Actis O. , Koenig S. , Eichin M. , Weber D.C. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Spot-scanning is a highly dynamic treatment method in proton therapy, tailored to each tumor shape individually. By superimposing many single spots in all three spatial axes, a prescribed dose is applied to the tumor volume. To minimize dose inhomogeneity across this volume, tight constraints on the beam position accuracy apply: for a dose inhomogeneity below 1%, a longitudinal beam position accuracy of the order of 1 mm is necessary, whereas in the lateral plane, the accuracy needs to be roughly one order of magnitude better. Longitudinal position control is achieved through selecting the beam energy; laterally, this is achieved by two sweeper magnets, allowing position changes within milliseconds. Such dynamics and accuracy constraints require an online measurement of the beam position to enable and maintain high treatment quality assurance. Gantry 2 at the Center for Proton Therapy at PSI operates a plane parallel strip ionization chamber for this purpose as the final beamline element before the patient. The foil-based detector design is optimized for an in-situ placement in the beam axis and keeps beam disturbance at a minimum. A strip pitch of 2 mm allows to reconstruct the Gaussian shape beam profile with the desired accuracy. These beam profiles are analyzed (and verified) during a treatment on a spot-by-spot basis, before the next spot is applied, introducing a dead time after every spot. Applying 50, 000 spots in a treatment introduces the challenge to data acquisition and — processing in terms of keeping treatment times reasonable. Data pileup and long dead times are mitigated by optimized front-end electronics and early-stage data processing, without compromising data quality and the accuracy of the measured beam position.
Analysis of energy stability in 6/4 MeV dual energy RF electron linac
Authors: Rajan Rehim N. , Mondal J. , Tillu A.R. , Sharma V. , Bhattacharjee D. , Chandan Shiv , Yadav V. , Sharma Archana 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
RF linear accelerators are used to produce high energy
electron beams up to several MeV for various industrial, medical and
research applications. Accelerators with switchable energy are
increasingly finding application in non-destructive testing
systems with material discrimination capability. These systems
are based on pulsed accelerators with duration 3 to 10 micro second
with repetition rate up to 400 Hz. Magnetrons are used as microwave
source in relatively low power accelerator systems. This paper
examines various factors affecting the pulse to pulse energy
variation in such radiation sources. Contributions from individual
subsystems are accounted and the cumulative performance is
evaluated. Dose stability improvement with remedial measures has
been discussed.
A readout electronic system for a 3D position-sensitive CdZnTe gamma-ray spectrometer based on the CPRE10-32 readout ASIC
Authors: Chen Tianze , Li Xiaohui , Wang Ke , Wei CunFeng , Shuai Lei , Jiang Xiaopan , Wang Na , Wang Mian , Wei Long 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
A readout electronic system based on the Charge Pulse
Readout Electronics 10-32 (CPRE10-32) Application Specific
Integrated Circuit (ASIC) has been developed for the 3D
position-sensitive CdZnTe gamma-ray spectrometer. The system
includes the Font-end Electrics (FEE) board, the Data Acquisition
(DAQ) board, the FPGA firmware, and the PC software. The Full Width
at Half Maximum (FWHM) of the electronic noise of the system was
approximately 4.72 keV when the 3D-CZT detector and high voltage
were connected and the minimum gain was selected. The electronic
noise at the minimum and maximum gain using the calibration signal
without the detector was approximately 3.335 keV and 3.074 keV,
respectively. The Equivalent Noise Charge Number (ENN) was about
375 e- with the detector and about 265 e- with the
detector. The test data of Cs-137 demonstrated that the linear
response range of the system reached up to 3 MeV and 450 keV at
the minimum and maximum gain, respectively. With the 3D-CZT
detector, the Am-241 and Cs-137 radioactive sources were detected,
and the energy resolution was 7.25% and 2.22%, respectively. By
performing electron drift time correction, the energy resolution of
the full-energy peak of Cs-137 at 662 keV was improved to 0.76% at
medium gain. After acquiring energy and time data successfully, it
is demonstrated that this readout electronic system can meet the
hardware requirements for Compton scatter imaging with 3D-CZT.
Mechanical and Durability Studies on Concretes Containing Crumb Rubber Fine Aggregate
Authors: Pavankalyan Kormani , Durga Prasad R , Pradeep Kumar S 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
A growing demand to develop sustainable construction materials, has led to many challenges that are focused to achieve a balance between maintaining the performance characteristics of final product and utilization of non-biodegradable waste materials. There have been numerous attempts to develop concretes by utilizing mineral admixtures and alternate filler materials. In the recent past enormous work has been focused to develop concretes containing crumb rubber as a partial replacement of fine aggregate. In the present study efforts are made to study the mechanical and durability properties of concretes containing crumb rubber as a partial replacement of fine aggregate. The 5% to 20% volume of fine aggregate was replaced with crumb rubber and various mechanical and durability properties were evaluated by compressive strength test, ultrasonic pulse velocity test, Absorption-Desorption studies, Rapid Chloride Penetration Test. The results corresponding to the same are presented.