bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Variations in the morphology of apical constriction affecting electronic readings: An in vitro investigation using 3D‐printed tooth models
Authors: Nam Juhee , Piasecki Lucila , Kwak Doun , Hong Jung Hwa , Jung Il‐Young , Park Sung‐Ho , Cho Sin‐Yeon 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe investigated the interference of apical constriction position and diameter on the accuracy of electronic apex locators using 3D‐printed tooth models. Single‐rooted tooth models with the same length, canal taper and major foramen, but variation in apical constriction position or size, were designed and 3D‐printed. A mounting model was custom‐made for precise measurement of both marks (0.5 and APEX/0.0) of two electronic apex locators. The electronic measurements of both devices were correlated significantly to the major foramen rather than apical constriction. The mean measurements of the group with 0.45 mm in apical constriction width were significantly shorter than those of the other groups for both marks of the two devices (p < 0.05). The variations in apical constriction position and width negatively affected the precision of the 0.5 mark of the tested devices. The 0.0 or APEX mark was consistently located the major foramen.
Continuous‐flow left ventricular assist devices associated survival awaiting heart and heart‐kidney transplant
Authors: Weber Matthew P. , O'Malley Thomas J. , Maynes Elizabeth J. , Choi Jae Hwan , Morris Rohinton J. , Massey H. Todd , Tchantchaleishvili Vakhtang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundImprovement in continuous‐flow left ventricular assist device (CF‐LVAD) technology has translated to better outcomes for patients on CF‐LVAD support as a bridge‐to‐transplant. However, data are lacking regarding the subset of CF‐LVAD patients with renal failure awaiting simultaneous heart‐kidney transplant (HKTx). We sought to better understand the characteristics and outcomes of patients in this group.MethodsThe United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) database was used to identify adult patients listed for heart transplant (HTx) or HKTx from January 1, 2009 to March 31, 2017. Patients were followed from time on waitlist to either removal from waitlist or transplantation. Demographic and clinical data for HTx and HKTx patients were assessed. Kaplan–Meier analysis assessed waitlist and post‐transplant survival. For waitlisted patients, both death and removal from the waitlist due to deteriorating medical condition were considered events.ResultsOverall, 26 638 patients registered for transplant were analyzed. 25 111 (94%) were listed for HTx, and 1527 (6%) for HKTx. 7683 (29%) patients listed for HTx had CF‐LVAD support. For those listed for HKTx, 441 (28%) underwent dialysis alone, 256 (17%) had CF‐LVAD support alone, and 85 (6%) were treated with both CF‐LVAD and dialysis. 15 567 (58%) underwent HTx, and 621 (2%) underwent HKTx. In these groups, post‐transplant survival was similar (p = 0.06). Patients listed for HKTx treated with both dialysis and CF‐LVAD had significantly worse waitlist survival compared to HKTx recipients (p < 0.001).ConclusionPost‐transplant survival is comparable between HTx and HKTx, and early survival is similar between HTx patients and those listed for HTx with CF‐LVAD support. However, outcomes on the waitlist for HKTx in CF‐LVAD patients on dialysis is significantly worse compared to HKTx recipients. This highlights the need to better account for this patient population when allocating organs.
Discussion on “Instrumental Variable Estimation of the Causal Hazard Ratio,” by Linbo Wang, Eric Tchetgen Tchetgen, Torben Martinussen, Stijn Vansteelandt
Authors: Frandsen Brigham Russell 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Wang, et al.'s estimator for causal hazard ratios for endogenous treatments makes an important addition to a researcher's toolkit for analyzing censored duration outcomes. Their method complements existing methods in the semiparametric treatment effects literature and suggests useful avenues for future research.
Diabetic and stress‐induced hyperglycemia in spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage: A multicenter prospective cohort (CHEERY) study
Authors: Chen Shaoli , Wan Yan , Guo Hongxiu , Shen Jing , Li Man , Xia Yuanpeng , Zhang Lei , Sun Zhou , Chen Xiaolu , Li Gang , He Quanwei , Hu Bo 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIntroductionAdmission hyperglycemia is a common finding after spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) secondary to pre‐existing diabetes mellitus (DM) or stress‐induced hyperglycemia (SIH). Studies of the causal relationship between SIH and ICH outcomes are rare.AimWe aimed to identify whether SIH or pre‐existing DM was the cause of admission hyperglycemia associated with ICH outcomes.MethodsAdmission glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), glucose levels, and comorbidity data from the prospective, multicenter cohort, Chinese Cerebral Hemorrhage: Mechanisms and Intervention Study (CHEERY), were collected and analyzed. According to different admission blood glucose and HbA1c levels, patients were divided into nondiabetic normoglycemia (NDN), diabetic normoglycemia (DN), diabetic hyperglycemia (DH), and SIH groups. Modified Poisson regression models were used to analyze ICH outcomes in the different groups.ResultsIn total, 1372 patients were included: 388 patients with admission hyperglycemia, 239 with DH, and 149 with SIH. In patients with hyperglycemia, SIH was associated with a higher risk of pulmonary infection [risk ratios (RR): 1.477, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.004–2.172], 30‐day (RR: 1.068, 95% CI: 1.009–1.130) and 90‐day mortality after ICH (RR: 1.060, 95% CI: 1.000–1.124).ConclusionsAdmission hyperglycemia is a common finding after ICH, and SIH is a sensitive predictor of the risk of pulmonary infection and all‐cause death after ICH.
Effect of APOE ε4 genotype on amyloid‐β, glucose metabolism, and gray matter volume in cognitively normal individuals and amnestic mild cognitive impairment
Authors: Li Weihua , Li Runtian , Yan Shaozhen , Zhao Zhilian , Shan Yi , Qi Zhigang , Lu Jie ,   for the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackground and purposeThe presence of apolipoprotein E ε4 (APOE ε4) is associated with an increased risk of developing Alzheimer disease (AD). The aim of this study was to assess the effects of APOE ε4 on amyloid‐β (Aβ) pathology, glucose metabolism, and gray matter (GM) volume and their longitudinal changes in healthy control (HC) and amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI).MethodsWe included 50 HCs and 109 aMCI patients from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative phase 2/GO based on availability of baseline T1‐weighted magnetic resonance imaging, 18F‐florbetapir positron emission tomography (PET), and 18F‐fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET. Of these, 35 HCs and 67 aMCI patients who underwent 24‐month scans were included for follow‐up study.ResultsVoxelwise analysis revealed that APOE ε4 carriers exhibited greater baseline Aβ deposition than APOE ε4 noncarriers in both diagnostic groups. However, there was no significant difference between APOE ε4 noncarriers and APOE ε4 carriers in terms of 18F‐FDG PET standardized uptake value ratio and GM volume. Region of interest‐based analysis showed statistically significant greater Aβ deposition in APOE ε4 carriers than APOE ε4 noncarriers only in aMCI patients. Furthermore, APOE ε4 carriers generally exhibited a greater magnitude and spatial extent of longitudinal changes in Aβ deposition than APOE ε4 noncarriers in both diagnostic groups.ConclusionsOur findings suggest a differential effect of APOE ε4 on Aβ pathology, glucose metabolism, and GM volume. Studying APOE ε4‐related brain changes with neuroimaging biomarkers in preclinical AD offers an opportunity to further our understanding of the pathophysiology of AD at an early stage.
Edible freshwater snail (Paludomas conica) attenuates STZ‐induced diabetic complications by regulating PFK‐1 and PON‐1 gene expression
Authors: Rafi Md. Khalid Juhani , Rahman Md. Atiar , Siddique Tanvir Ahmed , Bithy Farhana Yesmin , Akter Sumaiya , Aktar Rasheda , Nisa Fatema Yasmin , Khan Md. Asif Nadim , Hossain Md. Altaf , Saha Srabonti , Ahmed A. M. Abu 
Published: November 2022

SummaryFreshwater invertebrates, especially molluscs, have recently piqued the interest of researchers as a potential new source of food protein hydrolysates. This study prepared bioactive protein hydrolysates (PPh) from the freshwater snail Paludomas conica and investigated their antioxidant and antidiabetic effects by evaluating biochemical and molecular approaches. The DPPH free radical assay, ABTS scavenging assay, FRAP assay and superoxide scavenging assay investigated the antioxidant effects. The antidiabetic potential was measured in α‐amylase and α‐glucosidase inhibition assays followed by in vivo assay in streptozotocin (STZ)‐induced diabetic animal model and gene expression studies. In all antioxidant experiments, the half‐maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of PPh was less than the cut‐off value, 1000 μg/mL. The inhibitory concentration of PPh was 1.89 mg/mL for α‐amylase and 334.70 μg/mL for α‐glucosidase in vitro assay. Furthermore, in the streptozotocin‐induced Wistar albino rats model of six groups (n = 5, body weight 180–20 g, age 6–7 weeks), the administration of PPh 250 mg/kg for diabetic rats a 4 weeks intervention attenuated elevated glucose levels and other diabetes‐related biomarkers (alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, lipid profile, total protein, uric acid). Molecular assay by the qPCR analysis showed a significant (P < 0.05) upregulation of the relative mRNA expression of antioxidant and glucose metabolism‐regulating enzymes‐related genes of superoxide dismutase (SOD‐1), Paraoxonase‐1 (PON1) and Phosphofructokinase‐1 (PFK1). Findings demonstrate that PPh could be used as a potential food source to reduce diabetic complications by regulating gene expression of antioxidant and glycolytic enzymes.
Development of mung bean (Vigna radiate L.)‐based next‐generation vegan milk: Processing, nutritional composition and quality attributes
Authors: Joshi Shrishti , Bathla Shikha , Singh Arashdeep , Sharma Minaxi , Stephen Inbaraj Baskaran , Sridhar Kandi 
Published: November 2022

SummaryLegume proteins are a potential source of functional ingredients to create good quality plant‐based milk substitutes. However, the design of high‐quality plant‐based milk substitutes depends on ingredients and processing operations. Thus, the objectives of the study were to investigate the effect of soaking, soaking and blanching, germination and germination and blanching in the development of high‐quality mung bean (Vigna radiate L.)‐based vegan milk. Also, studied the effect of processing methods on nutritional, physico‐chemical, sensory and microbiological analyses of the developed product. The sample with the germination method showed the highest protein (4.39%), carbohydrates (5.52%) and energy (39.93%) compared to other processing methods. The germination and blanching method reported a higher viscosity, sucrose content and TSS compared to other methods. All the samples showed a presence of 12 amino acids (e.g. glutamic acid, phenylalanine, serine) and absence of cystine and methionine. All the samples showed a decrease in pH and acidity, while no clot formation during the storage period. The presence of microbiological count was noticed from days 7 and 10, which remain under the acceptable standard limits. Germination & blanching received a high sensory score and overall acceptability and provided the good quality attributes of mung bean‐based vegan milk. Thus, these processing technologies can be used to develop higher quality, healthiness and more sustainable vegan beverages that can substitute animal‐based milk.
FTIR spectroscopy vs. sensory analyses for the sensory shelf‐life definition of hamburger buns
Authors: Cincotta Fabrizio , Tripodi Gianluca , Merlino Maria , Nalbone Luca , Condurso Concetta , Verzera Antonella 
Published: November 2022

SummaryFTIR spectroscopy has been evaluated for the sensory shelf‐life (SSL) definition of packaged hamburger buns. The samples were analysed from the production up to 90 days of storage. Chemical, microbiological, qualitative descriptive sensory analysis (QDA) and consumer test were carried out and the results were compared with those obtained by FTIR analyses. Survival analysis in agreement with the QDA and cut‐off method defined a ‘best before date’ as not more than 20 days. The statistical elaboration of ATR–FTIR data gave results in agreement with those from hedonic and analytical sensory analyses. Hence, FTIR spectroscopy has been able to quickly draw a profile of the hamburger buns, detecting differences throughout the shelf‐life period in agreement with time‐consuming and/or expensive analyses. The study evidence that FTIR spectroscopy could be easily used in the bakery industry for SSL monitoring, reducing costs and time of analysis.
Prevalence and predictors of inappropriate dosing of direct oral anticoagulants
Authors: Ko Hiu T. K. , Pham Jonathan , Anpalahan Mahesan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundInformation on inappropriate dosing of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) is scarce in the Australian context.AimTo describe the prevalence and potential predictors of inappropriate dosing of DOACs.MethodsPatients who received DOACs during admission under a general medical unit over a 2‐year period (from January 2017 to December 2018) were retrospectively studied. Appropriateness of the dosing regimen was verified against the recommendations of the Therapeutic Goods Administration of Australia. Data were obtained from medical records and analysed in univariate and multivariate logistic regression models. The variables associated with under‐ and overdosing were also determined.ResultsA total of 203 (mean age 71.6 ± 14.5 years, females 52%) patients were studied. Inappropriate dosing occurred in 44 (22%) patients: underdosing 27 (13%) and overdosing 17 (8%). Age ≥75 years (P < 0.01), lower estimated creatinine clearance (CrCl) (P < 0.01), prescription of DOAC prior to index admission (P < 0.01) and higher Charlson Comorbidity Index (P < 0.01), HAS‐BLED (P < 0.01) and CHA2DS2‐VASc (P < 0.01) scores had a significant univariate association with inappropriate dosing. However, in the multivariate logistic regression only lower CrCl (odds ratio (OR) 1.04, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.01–1.07, P < 0.01) and prescription of DOAC prior to index admission (OR 2.62, 95% CI: 1.01–6.75, P = 0.047) remained significantly associated with inappropriate dosing. Impaired renal function also had a significant association with underdosing (OR 1.04, 95% CI: 1.01–1.07, P = 0.01) and borderline significance with overdosing (OR 1.03, 95% CI: 1.00–1.07, P = 0.06).ConclusionInappropriate dosing of DOACs, especially underdosing, is common in clinical practice. Clinicians should exercise due diligence when prescribing DOACs to patients with renal impairment and in outpatient settings.
Use of polysaccharide hemostatic agent (HaemoCer™) in breast cancer surgery to reduce postoperative complications: A randomised controlled trial
Authors: Falcone Veronica , Krotka Pavla , Deutschmann Christine , Danzinger Sabine , Reischer Theresa , Pfeiler Georg , Singer Christian , Koch Marianne 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPostoperative wound‐site bleeding, tissue inflammation and seroma formation are well‐known complications in the field of breast surgery. Hemostatic agents consisting of polysaccharides may be used intra‐operatively to minimise postoperative complications. We conducted a prospective randomised‐controlled, single‐centre study including 136 patients undergoing breast‐conserving surgery for invasive or intraductal breast cancer. Of these, 68 patients were randomised to receive an absorbable polysaccharide hemostatic agent into the wound site during surgery, while 68 patients were randomised to the control group and did not receive any hemostatic agent. Primary outcome was the total volume of postoperative drained fluid from the surgical site. Secondary outcomes were the number of days until drain removal and rate of immediate postoperative surgical site infection Patients in the intervention group had significantly higher drainage output volumes compared with the control group 85 mL (IQR 46.25–110) versus 50 mL (IQR 30–75), respectively; (P = .003). Univariable linear regression analyses showed a significant association between the surgical specimen and the primary outcome (P < .001). After multivariable analysis, the use of absorbable polysaccharide hemostatic product was no longer significantly associated with a higher drainage output and only the size of the surgical specimen remained a significant predictor. The number of days until drainage removal and the postoperative seroma formation were higher in the intervention group (P = .004) and (P = .003), respectively. In our study, intraoperative application of polysaccharide hemostatic agent during breast‐conserving surgery did not decrease postoperative fluid production. Only the size of the surgical specimen was significantly associated with postoperative drainage volume.
Growth of the ternary Pb(Mn,Nb)O3–Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 thin film with high piezoelectric coefficient on Si by RF sputtering
Authors: Jiang Xianyao , Wang Jiasheng , Duan Zhihua , Li Chuanqing , Wang Tao , Tang Yanxue , Zhou Helezi , Zhao Xiangyong , Wang Feifei 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this study, ternary ferroelectric 0.06Pb(Mn1/3Nb2/3)O3–0.94Pb(Zr0.48Ti0.52)O3 (PMN–PZT) thin film with high piezoelectric coefficient were grown on La0.6Sr0.4CoO3‐buffered Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si substrate by RF magnetron sputtering method. The phase and domain structure along with the macroscopic electrical properties were obtained. Under the optimized temperature of 550°C and sputtering pressure 0.9 Pa, the PMN–PZT film owned large remnant ferroelectric polarization of 62 μC/cm2. In addition, the PMN–PZT film had polydomain structures with fingerprint‐type nanosized domain patterns and typical local piezoelectric response. Through piezoelectric force microscopy, the PMN–PZT thin film at nanoscale exhibited obvious domain reversal when subjected to in situ poling field. It was further found that the quasi‐static piezoelectric coefficient of the PMN–PZT thin film reached 267 pC/N, which was about twice to that of the commercial PbZrO3–PbTiO3 (PZT) thin film. The optimized relaxor ferroelectric thin film PMN–PZT on silicon with global electrical properties shows great potential in the piezoelectric micro‐electro‐mechanical systems applications.
“Flexures and bends of the large intestine: Current terminology and a suggestion to simplify it”
Authors: Wozniak Slawomir , Quondamatteo Fabio , Paulsen Friedrich 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThere are a number of inconsistencies in the description of the bends of the colon down to the anus. This is historically based on the fact that anatomists saw the colon in its position in the abdominal cavity down to the pelvis and thus from the “outside” and also described it in this way. This view is still useful in clinical practice today (e.g. for the abdominal surgeons). For the greater part of clinicians, however, the view has shifted due to modern endoscopy. This allows examiners to see the terminal section of the intestine and the colon from the “inside”. To accommodate both “ways of looking” in terms of modern medicine, we have been guided by today's clinical needs, and here we attempt to reconcile these with the historically evolved anatomical terms to create a nomenclature that meets all the needs of students, anatomists and clinicians looking at the large intestine from the inside and outside. With this in mind, we propose to speak of colic flexures (right colic flexure = RCF = hepatic flexure, flexura coli sinistra; left colic flexure = LCF = splenic flexure, flexura coli dextra; descending‐sigmoid flexure = DSF; sigmoid‐rectum flexure = SRF) for the colon (colon). For the rectum (rectum), we suggest the term bend (superior, intermediate and inferior) when viewed in the frontal plane, the term curvature (sacral curvature; anorectal curvature = perineal curvature) when viewed in the sagittal plane.
Factors influencing the perception of feeling safe in pre‐hospital emergency care: A mixed‐methods systematic review
Authors: Péculo‐Carrasco Juan‐Antonio , Luque‐Hernández María José , Rodríguez‐Ruiz Hugo‐José , Chacón‐Manzano Coral , Failde Inmaculada 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAimsTo systematically describe the factors influencing the perception of feeling safe among patients receiving pre‐hospital emergency care.BackgroundPatient safety is a top priority worldwide. Little is known about how patients perceive safety during emergency health care and what the related factors are.DesignA mixed‐methods systematic review.MethodsSix databases were searched to December 2021. Inclusion criteria were as follows: studies with patients of any age, framed in pre‐hospital emergency care settings, referring to patient safety, addressing the perception of safety, and with a quantitative or qualitative research design. Exclusion criteria were as follows: conference records, abstracts, supplements, letters, editorials and reviews. The quality of the evidence was assessed with the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) checklists. A convergent integrated approach was followed according to the JBI methodology. The protocol was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42022306337). PRISMA 2020 guidelines were followed in reporting this review.ResultsAmong the 5223 records identified, the whole texts of 35 articles were reviewed. Ten studies were relevant to the research question. Seven followed a qualitative methodology, with interviews or focus group. Three involved a quantitative methodology, with questionnaires or validated measures. The 74 findings were organised into 11 categories and then grouped into four dimensions: ‘receiving a satisfying response from healthcare professionals when I need it’, ‘EMS personnel's professional competence’, ‘the variable and unfamiliar settings of pre‐hospital emergencies’, and ‘patients’ personal characteristics'.ConclusionsThe perception of safety is influenced by many factors, which can be grouped into four independent dimensions. Quantitative and qualitative studies can provide us with complementary findings.Relevance to Clinical PracticeAwareness of these factors enables us to act upon them. When patients feel safe their health outcomes improve, their anxiety decreases and they collaborate more actively.No Patient or Public ContributionPatients and caregivers shared their experiences in the articles included.
Redefining consent: rape law reform, reasonable belief, and communicative responsibility
Authors: DOWDS EITHNE 
Published: November 2022

AbstractContemporary trends in rape law reform have resulted in the adoption of more affirmative or communicative conceptions of sexual consent across many jurisdictions. Drawing on empirical research conducted by the author in the wake of the 2019 Gillen Review into serious sexual violence in Northern Ireland and proposed changes to the law on consent, this article illuminates the social and cultural norms that inform and complicate the construction and interpretation of consent models. Three broad themes from the primary data are identified: the law's (in)ability to capture the complexity of human interactions, societal ambivalence around consent and rape, and consent confusion. The article concludes by introducing and further developing the notion of communicative responsibility and arguing that it should be used as a prism through which to make sense of the enduring challenges in this area of law and human interaction.