bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modified advanced oxidation technology for toilet sanitation at world largest human gathering Kumbha mela 2019-an eco-friendly technology
Authors: Senthilvel Sivasakthivel , Natarajan Nandini 
Published: February 2022

Background: In India, world biggest Hindu gathering event “Kumbh mela” will be organised every twelve years in Prayagraj city where sanitation and hygiene was one of the biggest challenges. The present research made an attempt to suggest the cost-effective sanitation solution to prevent disease transmission at public toilets, bathing area at Kumbh mela area. Methods: Modified advanced oxidation aqueous solution (MAOS) were developed using peroxide and ozone with iron oxides as a catalyst which enhances the hydroxyl radicals. Biocide activity of MAOS were carried out on faecal originated bacteria. Impact of MAOS on volatile organic compounds (VOC) were carried out at public toilets and determined using VOC sampler and GC method. After the detailed investigation on MAOS, the present technique were transferred to field application during Kumbh 2019.Results: Biocide test of MOAS on Faecal originated microorganism showed that 99.6% of test organisms were deactivated rapidly. Impact on volatile organic compounds in public toilets indicates that the volatile organic compounds were decreased after the application of MAOS, controlled the filthy odor. The MAOS technique were applied to the field in public toilets and successfully achieved the odor free environment during Kumbh 2019. The hospital record showed that the diseases infection burden decreased from 33% to 21% respectively.Conclusions: The detailed laboratory investigation and field observation revealed that modified advanced oxidation solution (MAOS) removed the volatile organic compounds in the toilet pits and successfully achieved the odor free Kumbh 2019 which is cost effective and eco-friendly technology for toilet sanitation at any human gathering event.
CanSupport palliative care in India: commentary article
Authors: Awasthi Supriya , Akinola Ajoke , Sedeqi Ahmad M. 
Published: February 2022

India is home to one of the largest palliative care organizations in Asia. Palliative care is specialized medical care for the well-being of the patients and their families facing challenges related to serious disease and deadly sickness. The aim of this communication is to reveal patients' palliative care for cancer treatment following a comprehensive assessment approach through the patient's physical, psychosocial, and spiritual symptoms. By visits of patients, we found the response of patients that palliative care is very helpful for cancer patients to minimize and manage their symptoms and assist in relieving their pains and manage other problems. Can support organization is the largest palliative care organization in India. This organization helps cancer patients especially those living in poverty. They try to reduce the symptoms and give support mental, physical, and psychological support to the patients and their families.
Assessment of severity of stroke by NIHSS in comparison with infarct size in stroke
Authors: Ambresh Ayyali , K R Madhu 
Published: February 2022

Stroke is the second leading causes of death worldwide and one of the leading causes of disability. The most common cause of stroke is represented by cerebral ischemia and approximately 80% of strokes are due to ischemic cerebral infarction and 20% due to brain haemorrhage. Diabetes Mellitus is a very common metabolic disorder and it is an independent risk factor for stroke and is associated with 2 to 6 fold increased risk compared with non-diabetic subjects and worsens survival of patients with acute stroke. Glucose intolerance or even fasting hyperglycemia may follow an acute vascular event, and ensuing physical inactivity and poor food intake may lead to continued glucose intolerance. Thus, glucose intolerance in a stroke patient may or may not reflect glycemia prior to the event. Measurement of HbA1C rather than glucose as an indicator of prior glycemia offers a new perspective. The rate of non-enzymic glycosylation of hemoglobin is believed to depend largely or solely on plasma glucose concentration. Hence this study is to correlate HbA1c levels with clinical profile and Infarct size in patients with Acute Ischemic stroke.To see the levels of HbA1c in Acute Ischemic stroke patients. To calculate the infarct size and severity of stroke in Acute Ischemic stroke patients. To estimate the HbA1C levels and correlate HbA1C levels with clinical profile and size of infarct in Acute ischemic stroke patients. This a cross sectional descriptive study. This is an cross sectional study including 64 patients. Maximum number of patients were in the age group of 60 – 69 years, with mean age of 63.59±12.59 years. The male to female of 1.37 : 1. There were 25 patients (39.1%) well controlled Diabetes patients,16(25.0%) fairly controlled and 23 (35.9%)were poorly controlled Diabetic patient. The common risk factors were Diabetes mellitus, hypertension, smoking, dyslipidemia, Rheumatic heart disease and Retroviral disease. The NIHSS score increased as the infarct size increased from well controlled to poorly controlled diabetes.Increased severity of stroke is seen in poorly controlled diabetes which correlates with the infarct size. HbA1c levels, NIHSS score correlates well with the infarct size.Patients with poorly controlled diabetes were found to have increased NIHSS score and increased severity of stroke. Severity of the stroke worsened from well controlled diabetes to poorly controlled diabetes. HbA1c should be considered as an independent risk factor for poor clinical outcome and worse prognosis. Early diagnosis and treatment of diabetes including lifestyle modification and periodic monitoring of HbA1c levels may reduce the development of stroke and morbidity and mortality associated with it.
Clinical profile of acute ischemic stroke in type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Ambresh Ayyali , K R Madhu 
Published: February 2022

Stroke is the second leading causes of death worldwide and approximately 80% of strokes are due to ischemic cerebral infarction and 20% due to brain haemorrhage. Diabetes Mellitus is a very common metabolic disorder and it is an independent risk factor for stroke. Glucose intolerance in a stroke patient may or may not reflect glycemia prior to the event. This study is to assess the clinical profile of Acute Ischemic stroke in type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.To evaluate the clinical profile of acute ischemic stroke in type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. This a cross sectional descriptive study. This is an cross sectional study including 64 patients.Maximum number of patients were in the age group of 60 – 69 years, with mean age of 63.59±12.59 years.The male to female of 1.37:1. There were 25 patients (39.1%) well controlled Diabetes patients, 16(25.0%) fairly controlled and 23 (35.9%) were poorly controlled Diabetic patient. The common risk factors were Diabetes mellitus, hypertension, smoking, dyslipidemia, Rheumatic heart disease and Retroviral disease.HbA1c should be considered as an independent risk factor for poor clinical outcome and worse prognosis.Early diagnosis and treatment of diabetes including lifestyle modification and periodic monitoring of HbA1c levels may reduce the development of stroke and morbidity and mortality associated with it. Commonest clinical presentation was motor weakness (100%), cranial nerve dysfunction(45.3%), altered sensorium (29.7%), language disturbances (45.3%), sensory impairment(26.6%).
A study on health status of women faculty in Madurai
Authors: Krishna K U Pavitra , Dhas E Siva 
Published: February 2022

Woman has lots of responsibilities and work in her daily life. The study aimed to identify high risk health factors to consider lifestyle modification and increase knowledge in regard to health and wellness and also it forms a base for future research. Health related physical fitness includes this aspect of physiological function that offers protection from diseases resulting from sedentary lifestyle. It can be improved or maintained through regular programme of physical activities. With this context, study of the health status of 50 women faculty in Arul Anandar College is carried out. In this regard the Demographic profile, socio economic background, life style pattern, medical history of women faculty were assessed and provide awareness about life style modification and stress free life. The results reveled most of them belonged to nuclear family and had four members in their families. Majority were in the age group of 35-44 years. Nearly 24 per cent were doctorates. Most of them were married, lives in rented houses and belongs to Middle income group. Major part of their income is spend on food. About 34.3 per cent were not doing any exercises due to lack of time. Most of them walk as their regular physical activity. Regarding bevarages consumption, majority consume tea. Symptoms like fatigue, shortness of breath, backache and weakness were found. Some have obesity in their heredity most of them preferred allopathic treatment. To improve the health status of women facultylife style modification is essential.
A study on performance evaluation, roles and challenges faced by the DOTS providers in treatment adherence of TB patients in Tumkur city an untouched area
Authors: Rani B.B Savitha , Vidhya G S  , Vinay K S  , Vanya Mounika , Gopinath S  
Published: February 2022

Non-governmental personnel such as Anganwadi workers, Asha workers and community volunteers have been used as directly observed treatment (DOT) providers in the revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme (RNTCP), challenges faced by them were not addressed, which is important to improve their performance.A cross-sectional study conducted using semi structured questioner which contains Socio-demographic characteristics of the DOTS provider and the questions to evaluate the performance of DOTS provider, his role in treatment adherence and also the challenges faced by him/her. DOTS providers are traced by information obtained from DTC. Data will be entered and analysed in SPPSS version 16.0About 99% of DOTS providers have received training regarding TB and DOTS. About 70% believed that the reason of failure was due to incomplete treatment and 15% believed that the failure was due to incomplete treatment and failure of preventive measures. 98% of them trace the patients when they don’t come to take DOTS. About 91.1% of them had no history of TB in their families and 7.9% of them had a history of TB in their family. About 53.5% of DOTS provider handled the drug reaction. About 38.6% of them were cured and declared sputum negative. About 94.1% of them had no defaulters and 4% of them had one defaulter under them. About 11.9% of them had one relapse. About 93.1% of them had no failures, 5% of them had one failure and 1% of them had 2 failures. About 95% of them used counseling as an aid to motivate patients. Educating and creating awareness regarding disease and its prevention plays a major role in reducing the burden if disease, addressing the barriers and difficulties of dots provider helps them to give better service and care to patients.
A study to assess impact of COVID-19 on trends of TB prevalence in Tumkur district
Authors: Rani B Savitha , Gopinath S  , Gowda Cheluve , Kumar Sanath , Nair Greshma C , Iyengar Krishna 
Published: February 2022

: Tuberculosis (TB) still continues to be endemic in various regions of the world, with 26% of the global TB cases are from India. In 2020, a total of 1.8 million cases reported as against 2.6 million in the previous year. The unprecedented COVID-19 pandemic derailed the momentum gained and the routine TB related services were adversely affected across the country due to COVID containment measures. The rapid and unexpected surge in demand for diagnosis, treatment, and care of COVID-19 patients has interfered with routine TB services. We assess the impact of Covid-19 on trends of TB prevalence in Tumkur district. By convenient sampling technique the secondary data was drawn from Nikshay portal in district TB centre Tumkur. All TB patients from last 3 years data was entered and analysis done in MS excel to compare testing rate, diagnostic tools, treatment groups, comorbid and treatment outcome. 3719 patients were enrolled for treatment during the year 2020-21 as against 6719 in the previous years. The co morbid percentage is similar across both groups and the rapid diagnostic test was used more during pandemic for microbiological confirmation of TB. Extra pulmonary tb made up to 30% of total cases during the pandemic with low contract tracing during the period. The case notification and treatment outcome are drastically reduced during the pandemic. With limited resources, less infrastructure it’s hard for middle income countries like India to cope up pandemic crisis.
Sociodemographic status of elderly & pattern of health care utilization for respiratory diseases in NCR
Authors: Gupta Sonisha , Asthana Smita , Kumar Gupta Atul 
Published: February 2022

Elderly population is increasing progressively all over the world. Diseases of respiratory system are important cause of morbidity & mortality in elderly. Health-care utilization is an important element of health care.Cross-sectional study of elderly aged 60yrs & above was conducted in urban & rural area of NCR & Ghaziabad district of Uttar Pradesh. First part included socio-demographic characteristics and self-reported co-morbidities. This first part screened out suspected respiratory cases and they were asked questionnaire regarding health care utilization. In urban 282/1522(18.5%) & in rural. 298/1503 (19.8%) were found to be suffering actually from respiratory illness. For chronic respiratory illness allopathic services were used by 91.8% (259/282) urban & 75.5% (225/298) rural elderly. Urban area were utilizing services of private health care providers most commonly. In our study 36.6% (109/298) & 20.5% (61/298) rural elderly were taking over the counter treatment from medical stores or going to a quack for acute & chronic respiratory illness respectively. During acute illness 60.7% (181/298) rural elderly choose health care service due to belief but during chronic illness only 51.3% (153/298) elderly stated it as a reason for choosing health care service. Affordability as a reason for selection of particular health service increased from 23.2% (69/298) in acute illness to 36.9% (110/298) in chronic illness.Majority of elderly are illiterate & dependent on family for support. Private health care services are preferred especially by urban elderly. Public healthcare services are used more for chronic illness than acute illness.
Utility of FNAC in diagnosis of thyroid lesions and to correlate histopathological studies
Authors: Reddy M Ruchika , Rajyalakshmi S , Indira V , Bindu M Hima , Reddy C Mallikarjuna 
Published: February 2022

The Incidence and prevalence of Thyroid lesion is gradually increasing and has become common among women. Thyroid cancer is most common cancer of endocrine system and occurs in all age groups including children. Fine needle aspiration cytology is the first line diagnostic method of Thyroid nodules and is rapid, cost effective and a minimally invasive procedure. Therefore it is widely accepted and more thyroid cases are diagnosed at an early stage. The aim of this study is to assess the Diagnostic accuracy of FNAC by correlating its results with histopathological findings. FNAC procedure was performed on 50 patients with thyroid swellings under aseptic conditions after taking consent of the patient. The results obtained by FNAC were compared with Histopathological findings. : Out of 50 cases, 47 were female and 3 were male. The age of presentation ranged from 16 to 71 years in our study with the mean age being 43.5. Most of cases were of Nodular goiter (23%) followed by Multi Nodular goiter(21%) followed by Hashimoto thyroiditis (18%). Sensitivity of our study was 73.91% and Specificity of our study was 80.95% and diagnostic accuracy was 75%.: Awareness and understanding of thyroid lesions is of great importance as most of these disorders can be treated medically or by surgical intervention. FNAC, which is simple, minimally invasive and rapid procedure, has low false positive rate for diagnosis of thyroid malignancy at an early stage. It can be used as first line method in assessing the nature of lesion.
A study of Iron store in Bone marrow and its correlation in various anemia
Authors: Patel Prashant R , Patel Kuntal , Hathila R.N 
Published: February 2022

incidence of anaemia is a very common but prevalence of anaemia is disproportionately high in developing countries. With proper clinical history, haematological and bone marrow examination findings proper evaluation and management of patients with anaemia can be made. Microscopic examination of bone marrow aspirate is the gold standard for assessing marrow iron store. However, conventional Gale’s method assesses iron in marrow fragments alone which provides little valuable information about functional iron deficiency seen in many chronic diseases. Thisstudy is conducted to measure iron grading using perl’s Prussian blue staining in various hematological conditions. A descriptive study of Perl’s Prussian blue stained bone marrow aspirate smears of 130 patients with anaemia. A CBC, Reticulocyte count and Bone marrow iron was assessed by the Gale’s method in this study.After excluding 9 cases of dry tap, 121 cases were evaluated in our study. 78.57% of cases (61 cases) diagnosedas microcytic anaemia had iron store very low (grade 0 and 1). In patients with megaloblastic anaemia (15 cases), 46.7% of cases (7 cases) had iron store grade was normal, but in 8 cases iron grade was low. In patients with dimorphic anaemia (23 cases), 78.3% of cases (18 cases) had iron store grade was normal.Bone marrow aspiration with application of Prussian blue stain is useful to investigate patients with suspected iron deficiency anaemia, anaemia of chronic disease, megaloblastic anaemia and acute leukemia.
Assessment of Hematological and Coagulation profile of patients diagnosed as Tuberculous lymphadenopathy on cytology: A cross sectional study in Industrial belt in Northern India
Authors: Menia Reetika , Raychaudhuri Sujata , Yadav Poonam 
Published: February 2022

: Study of the hematological and coagulation parameters in cytologically diagnosed cases of tuberculous lymphadenopathy.: A cross sectional study of 60 newly diagnosed cases of tuberculosis on cytology was done. Venous blood samples were collected in EDTA and Citrate vacutainers. XN 1000 fully automated hematology analyzer and Vesmatic were used for hematology parameters and ESR respectively. Stago analyzer was used for coagulation studies. Hematological and coagulation parameters were studied and were analyzed using t test with significance level of 5%.: 60 cases presenting with tuberculous lymphadenopathy on cytology were analyzed which showed a M: F of 1.2 :1. Anemia was noted equally in both sexes. ESR and WBC count was raised in 92% and 45% of cases respectively. Prothrombin Time was raised in 87% of cases while Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time was raised in 45% of cases. Platelet count was normal in 88% of cases. Lymphocytosis was noted in 85% of cases while 52% cases revealed neutrophilia. Smoking and literacy rate had positive correlation. Paired t test shows positive correlation between age and WBC count (p&#60;0.001) and age and Hemoglobin value (p&#60;0.001). : Tuberculosis is a hypercoagulable state with alteration in the hematological profile. These simple blood tests with no additional cost can serve as guide to physicians in establishing the early diagnosis along with clinical findings and ancillary investigations. Such Pilot studies can be extended to larger populations and corporate setups to start early treatment and reduce the morbidity and mortality.
Mucinous cystadenoma of the Thymus presenting as a mediastinal mass in a child
Authors: Jacob Sheba S K , Parameswaran Ashok , Santosham Rajan , Santosham Rajiv 
Published: February 2022

This is the first case report of a mucinous cystadenoma of the thymus. So this case is reported for awareness that mucinous cystadenomas can occur in the mediastinum with a review of literature and the need for complete surgical excision. A twelve year old girl with a cystic mediastinal mass, presented with dry cough for three weeks. The mass was completely excised as it was huge and causing pressure symptoms. On light microscopy, there was thymic tissue with a mucinous cystadenoma. This is the first report of a mucinous cystadenoma in the thymus. Mucinous cystadenomas can grow into large sizes and become symptomatic due to pressure or rupture prompting investigation. Complete surgical excision is advised as mucinous cystadenocarcinoma of the thymus has to be ruled out by adequate sampling and careful analysis of the morphology.
Análise das manifestações patológicas nas edificações do município de Guadalupe, Piauí
Authors: Leite Danilo Martins , Tavares Jennef Carlos , Henriques Glauco Fonsêca , Bessa Carlos Vinicius Damasceno 
Published: February 2022

<p class="Normal1"><span>No Brasil, o surgimento de novas construções aumenta constantemente, e as novas tecnologias, elementos e materiais que acompanham esse crescimento podem, indiretamente, induzir o surgimento de problemas patológicos, visto que a indústria da construção e seus usuários não estão acostumados a utilizá-los. O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar as manifestações patológicas nas edificações históricas na cidade de Guadalupe, estado do Piauí. A execução deste trabalho se deu com visitas nos locais de estudo, realização de inspeções visuais, elaboração de um diagnóstico e prognóstico, e, por último, a aplicação da Matriz GUT, método de inspeção utilizado para classificar as manifestações patológicas encontradas. Os resultados revelaram incidências provocadas pela umidade, como manchas e bolores. Os problemas mais críticos foram encontrados na estrutura das edificações, entre eles a corrosão da armadura nos pilares da Igreja Nossa Senhora de Guadalupe e da estrutura metálica na cobertura do ginásio poliesportivo da Unidade Escolar João Pinheiro. Diante desse quadro, a segurança e durabilidade dessas edificações podem ficar comprometidas com o tempo, devido ao alto nível de criticidade das manifestações analisadas. Por fim, destaca-se a necessidade da elaboração de um plano de manutenção para a reparação das edificações estudadas. </span></p><p class="Normal1">anomalias mais críticas segundo a metodologia aplicada, foram referentes a parte estrutural das edificações, como a corrosão das armaduras expostas nos pilares da Igreja de Nossa Senhora de Guadalupe e a corrosão da estrutura metálica na cobertura do ginásio poliesportivo da Unidade Escolar João Pinheiro. Desse modo, a segurança e durabilidade dessas edificações podem se agravar com o tempo, devido alto nível de criticidade dos problemas patológicos analisados. Por fim, conclui-se a necessidade da elaboração de um plano de manutenção periódicos para reparação das edificações estudadas.</p>