bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Self-rated health changes of individuals in same-sex compared to different-sex relationships: a longitudinal study
Authors: Wang Yiwen 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Prior scholarship on same-sex relationships and health has primarily relied on cross-sectional data, leaving a number of unanswered questions about health changes of same-sex couples over time. This study examined the self-rated health statuses and changes of individuals in same- and different-sex cohabitations and marriages over time (2014–2017).

Methods
Data were drawn from the 2014 panel of the Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP), a nationally representative and longitudinal study (N = 23,297) in the United States. Mixed- and fixed-effects regression models were performed to investigate the self-rated health changes of individuals in same-sex compared to different-sex relationships.

Results
Results show that same-sex married individuals report a faster decline in self-rated health compared to different-sex married counterparts despite similar initial health statuses. Similarly, same-sex cohabitors also exhibit a more rapid health decline as compared to different-sex cohabitors.

Conclusions
The results point to health change disadvantages experienced by same-sex married and cohabiting individuals during the study period. The findings from this study advance scholarly knowledge on the health changes of individuals in marginalized intimate relationships and highlight the importance of studying sexual minorities’ health using longitudinal data.
Pedicled frontal periosteal rescue flap via eyebrow incision for skull base reconstruction (SevEN-002)
Authors: Jang Chang Ki , Park Soo Jeong , Kim Eui Hyun , Cho Jin Mo , Moon Ju Hyung , Sung Kyoung Su , Hong Je Beom , Lim Jaejoon Joon , Na Minkyun , Hong Chang-Ki , Roh Tae Hoon , Oh Jiwoong 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPurposeCerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage is one of the major complications after endoscopic endonasal surgery. The reconstructive nasoseptal flap is widely used to repair CSF leakage. However, it could not be utilized in all cases; thus, there was a need for an alternative. We developed a pericranial rescue flap that could cover both sellar and anterior skull base defects via the endonasal approach. A modified surgical technique that did not violate the frontal sinus and cause cosmetic problems was designed using the pericranial rescue flap.MethodsWe performed 12 cadaveric dissections to investigate the applicability of the lateral pericranial rescue flap. An incision was made, extending from the middle to the lateral part of the eyebrow. The pericranium layer was dissected away from the galea layer, from the supraorbital region towards the frontoparietal region. With endoscopic assistance, the periosteal flap was raised, the flap base was the pericranium layer at the eyebrow incision. After a burr-hole was made in the supraorbital bone, the pericranial flap was inserted via the intradural or extradural pathway.ResultsThe mean size of the pericranial flap was 11.5 cm × 3.2 cm. It was large enough to cross the midline and cover the dural defects of the anterior skull base, including the sellar region.ConclusionWe demonstrated a modified endoscopic technique to repair the anterior skull base defects. This minimally invasive pericranial flap may resolve neurosurgical complications, such as CSF leakage.
Preoperative risk factors of lymph node metastasis in clinical N0 lung adenocarcinoma of 3 cm or less in diameter
Authors: Fang Cheng , Xiang Yangwei , Han Weili 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Lung adenocarcinoma is the most common subtype of non-small cell lung cancer. The surgical strategy of lymph node dissection is controversial because many more patients are diagnosed at an early stage in clinical practice.

Methods
We retrospectively reviewed 622 clinical N0 lung adenocarcinoma patients with 3 cm or less in tumor size who underwent lobectomy or segmentectomy combined with lymph node dissection in our hospital from January 2017 to December 2019. We performed univariate and multivariate analyses to identify preoperative risk factors of lymph node metastasis.

Results
Lymph node metastasis was found in 60 out of 622 patients. On univariate analysis, lymph node metastasis was linked to smoking history, preoperative CEA level, tumor size, tumor location (peripheral or central), consolidation/tumor ratio, pleural invasion, and pathologic type. However, only the preoperative CEA level, tumor size, and consolidation/tumor ratio were independent risk factors in multivariate analysis. The ROC curve showed that the cutoff value of tumor size was 1.7 cm. There was no lymph node metastasis in patients without risk factors.

Conclusions
The preoperative CEA level, tumor size, and consolidation/tumor ratio were independent risk factors of lymph node metastasis in clinical N0 lung adenocarcinoma with tumor size ≤ 3 cm. The lymph node metastasis rate was extremely low in clinical N0 lung adenocarcinoma patients without risk factors and lymph node dissection should be avoided in these patients to reduce surgical trauma.
Machine learning approaches to predict the 1-year-after-initial-AMI survival of elderly patients
Authors: Lee Jisoo , Lee Sulyun , Street W. Nick , Polgreen Linnea A. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundWhile multiple randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are available, their results may not be generalizable to older, unhealthier or less-adherent patients. Observational data can be used to predict outcomes and evaluate treatments; however, exactly which strategy should be used to analyze the outcomes of treatment using observational data is currently unclear. This study aimed to determine the most accurate machine learning technique to predict 1-year-after-initial-acute-myocardial-infarction (AMI) survival of elderly patients and to identify the association of angiotensin-converting- enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin-receptor blockers (ACEi/ARBs) with survival.MethodsWe built a cohort of 124,031 Medicare beneficiaries who experienced an AMI in 2007 or 2008. For analytical purposes, all variables were categorized into nine different groups: ACEi/ARB use, demographics, cardiac events, comorbidities, complications, procedures, medications, insurance, and healthcare utilization. Our outcome of interest was 1-year-post-AMI survival. To solve this classification task, we used lasso logistic regression (LLR) and random forest (RF), and compared their performance depending on category selection, sampling methods, and hyper-parameter selection. Nested 10-fold cross-validation was implemented to obtain an unbiased estimate of performance evaluation. We used the area under the receiver operating curve (AUC) as our primary measure for evaluating the performance of predictive algorithms.ResultsLLR consistently showed best AUC results throughout the experiments, closely followed by RF. The best prediction was yielded with LLR based on the combination of demographics, comorbidities, procedures, and utilization. The coefficients from the final LLR model showed that AMI patients with many comorbidities, older ages, or living in a low-income area have a higher risk of mortality 1-year after an AMI. In addition, treating the AMI patients with ACEi/ARBs increases the 1-year-after-initial-AMI survival rate of the patients.ConclusionsGiven the many features we examined, ACEi/ARBs were associated with increased 1-year survival among elderly patients after an AMI. We found LLR to be the best-performing model over RF to predict 1-year survival after an AMI. LLR greatly improved the generalization of the model by feature selection, which implicitly indicates the association between AMI-related variables and survival can be defined by a relatively simple model with a small number of features. Some comorbidities were associated with a greater risk of mortality, such as heart failure and chronic kidney disease, but others were associated with survival such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes. In addition, patients who live in urban areas and areas with large numbers of immigrants have a higher probability of survival. Machine learning methods are helpful to determine outcomes when RCT results are not available.
Integrated delivery of family planning and childhood immunisation services: a mixed methods assessment of service responsiveness
Authors: Hamon Jessie K. , Kambanje Misozi , Pryor Shannon , Kaponda Alice S. , Mwale Erick , Burchett Helen E. D. , Mayhew Susannah H. , Webster Jayne 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Postpartum women represent a considerable share of the global unmet need for modern contraceptives. Evidence suggests that the integration of family planning (FP) with childhood immunisation services could help reduce this unmet need by providing repeat opportunities for timely contact with FP services. However, little is known about the clients’ experiences of FP services that are integrated with childhood immunisations, despite being crucial to contraceptive uptake and repeat service utilisation.

Methods
The responsiveness of FP services that were integrated with childhood immunisations in Malawi was assessed using cross-sectional convergent mixed methods. Exit interviews with clients (n=146) and audits (n=15) were conducted in routine outreach clinics. Responsiveness scores across eight domains were determined according to the proportion of clients who rated each domain positively. Text summary analyses of qualitative data from cognitive interviewing probes were also conducted to explain responsiveness scores. Additionally, Spearman rank correlation and Pearson’s chi-squared test were used to identify correlations between domain ratings and to examine associations between domain ratings and client, service and clinic characteristics.

Results
Responsiveness scores varied across domains: dignity (97.9%); service continuity (90.9%); communication (88.7%); ease of access (77.2%); counselling (66.4%); confidentiality (62.0%); environment (53.9%) and choice of provider (28.4%). Despite some low performing domains, 98.6% of clients said they would recommend the clinic to a friend or family member interested in FP. The choice of provider, communication, confidentiality and counselling ratings were positively associated with clients’ exclusive use of one clinic for FP services. Also, the organisation of services in the clinics and the providers’ individual behaviours were found to be critical to service responsiveness.

Conclusions
This study establishes that in routine outreach clinics, FP services can be responsive when integrated with childhood immunisations, particularly in terms of the dignity and service continuity afforded to clients, though less so in terms of the choice of provider, environment, and confidentiality experienced. Additionally, it demonstrates the value of combining cognitive interviewing techniques with Likert questions to assess service responsiveness.
Factors associated with willingness to receive a novel community care service for older people in Foshan, China: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Xie Fengjiao , Deng Aiwen , Chen Jianhao , Xiong Ribo 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
In China, the majority of community care for older people is planned and offered in a few large cities. The provision of community care to the rural population is a new concept. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of willingness to receive a novel community care service that incorporates community rehabilitation among older people, and identify the possible factors influencing utilization willingness in Foshan, China.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 413 older people in Lishui county, China from January to March 2021. Trained staff interviewed older people using structured questionnaires. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine factors that were significantly associated with the willingness to receive this novel community care.

Results
The prevalence of willingness to receive community care for older people was 61.9% (n = 245) in Foshan, China. Older people who were living alone or living with spouses were about two times significantly more likely to receive community care compared to those living with children/others (OR = 2.19, 95%CI:2.44 ~ 3.19, OR = 2.015, 95%CI: 1.39 ~ 2.23, respectively). Older people who lived closer to the community care center were about two times significantly more likely to receive community care compared to those who lived far away (OR = 2.10, 95%CI: 1.61 ~ 2.41). Older people with activity of daily living disability were about three times significantly more likely to receive community care compared to those without a disability (OR = 3.13, 95%CI: 2.38 ~ 3.29).

Conclusions
A majority of rural older people were willing to receive this novel community care service that includes community rehabilitation. The findings suggest the need for policies and programs to not only improve the provision of this novel community care service but also promote its uptake among older people in the study setting.
Semaglutide reduces cardiovascular events regardless of metformin use: a post hoc subgroup analysis of SUSTAIN 6 and PIONEER 6
Authors: Husain Mansoor , Consoli Agostino , De Remigis Alessandra , Pettersson Meyer Anna Sina , Rasmussen Søren , Bain Stephen 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Cardiovascular outcome trials (CVOTs) are conducted on a background of standard of care including metformin. These analyses sought to determine whether the cardiovascular (CV) effects of semaglutide and other glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) vary according to baseline metformin use.

Methods
A post hoc analysis was conducted using pooled SUSTAIN 6 and PIONEER 6 CVOT data in subjects with and without metformin use at baseline. Additionally, a trial-level meta-analysis was conducted using data from seven CVOTs with GLP-1RAs–SUSTAIN 6, PIONEER 6, HARMONY OUTCOMES, LEADER, REWIND, EXSCEL and AMPLITUDE-O–including adults with type 2 diabetes at high CV risk, and a primary endpoint of time to first major adverse CV event (MACE).

Results
In the post hoc analysis, the no-metformin subgroup was older, with a higher body mass index, lower estimated glomerular filtration rate and higher CV risk at baseline vs the metformin subgroup. Hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) for the reduction in risk of MACE with semaglutide vs placebo in the metformin and no-metformin subgroups were 0.70 (0.55;0.89) and 0.86 (0.60;1.22), respectively. No significant interaction between the treatment effect on MACE and metformin subgroup was observed. Findings for other CV endpoints were similar. In the meta-analysis, treatment effect (GLP-1RA vs placebo) on CV outcomes was no different with vs without baseline metformin (overall ratio between the hazard ratios for metformin vs no-metformin 1.09 [0.96;1.22]).

Conclusion
These findings indicate that the CV outcomes for semaglutide were similar regardless of baseline metformin use, which may also apply to all GLP-1RAs.
Trial registration SUSTAIN 6 (NCT01720446), PIONEER 6 (NCT02692716).
FGFR1 is a potential therapeutic target in neuroblastoma
Authors: Cimmino Flora , Montella Annalaura , Tirelli Matilde , Avitabile Marianna , Lasorsa Vito Alessandro , Visconte Feliciano , Cantalupo Sueva , Maiorino Teresa , De Angelis Biagio , Morini Martina , Castellano Aurora , Locatelli Franco , Capasso Mario , Iolascon Achille 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundFGFR1regulates cell–cell adhesion and extracellular matrix architecture and acts as oncogene in several cancers. Potential cancer driver mutations ofFGFR1occur in neuroblastoma (NB), a neural crest-derived pediatric tumor arising in sympathetic nervous system, but so far they have not been studied experimentally. We investigated the driver-oncogene role ofFGFR1and the implication of N546K mutation in therapy-resistance in NB cells.MethodsPublic datasets were used to predict the correlation ofFGFR1expression with NB clinical outcomes. Whole genome sequencing data of 19 paired diagnostic and relapse NB samples were used to find somatic mutations. In NB cell lines, silencing by short hairpin RNA and transient overexpression ofFGFR1were performed to evaluate the effect of the identified mutation by cell growth, invasion and cologenicity assays. HEK293, SHSY5Y and SKNBE2 were selected to investigate subcellular wild-type and mutated protein localization. FGFR1 inhibitor (AZD4547), alone or in combination with PI3K inhibitor (GDC0941), was used to rescue malignant phenotypes induced by overexpression of FGFR1 wild-type and mutated protein.ResultsHighFGFR1expression correlated with low relapse-free survival in two independent NB gene expression datasets. In addition, we found the somatic mutation N546K, the most recurrent point mutation ofFGFR1in all cancers and already reported in NB, in one out of 19 matched primary and recurrent tumors. Loss ofFGFR1function attenuated invasion and cologenicity in NB cells, whereasFGFR1overexpression enhanced oncogenicity. The overexpression of FGFR1N546Kprotein showed a higher nuclear localization compared to wild-type protein and increased cellular invasion and cologenicity. Moreover, N546K mutation caused the failure in response to treatment with FGFR1 inhibitor by activation of ERK, STAT3 and AKT pathways. The combination of FGFR1 and PI3K pathway inhibitors was effective in reducing the invasive and colonigenic ability of cells overexpressing FGFR1 mutated protein.ConclusionsFGFR1is an actionable driver oncogene in NB and a promising therapy may consist in targetingFGFR1mutations in patients with therapy-resistant NB.
Integrated regulation of chondrogenic differentiation in mesenchymal stem cells and differentiation of cancer cells
Authors: Yang Xiaohui , Tian Shifeng , Fan Linlin , Niu Rui , Yan Man , Chen Shuo , Zheng Minying , Zhang Shiwu 
Published: April 2022

AbstractChondrogenesis is the formation of chondrocytes and cartilage tissues and starts with mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) recruitment and migration, condensation of progenitors, chondrocyte differentiation, and maturation. The chondrogenic differentiation of MSCs depends on co-regulation of many exogenous and endogenous factors including specific microenvironmental signals, non-coding RNAs, physical factors existed in culture condition, etc. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) exhibit self-renewal capacity, pluripotency and cellular plasticity, which have the potential to differentiate into post-mitotic and benign cells. Accumulating evidence has shown that CSCs can be induced to differentiate into various benign cells including adipocytes, fibrocytes, osteoblast, and so on. Retinoic acid has been widely used in the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia. Previous study confirmed that polyploid giant cancer cells, a type of cancer stem-like cells, could differentiate into adipocytes, osteocytes, and chondrocytes. In this review, we will summarize signaling pathways and cytokines in chondrogenic differentiation of MSCs. Understanding the molecular mechanism of chondrogenic differentiation of CSCs and cancer cells may provide new strategies for cancer treatment.
Cancer-associated fibroblasts and resistance to anticancer therapies: status, mechanisms, and countermeasures
Authors: Feng Bing , Wu Jianzhong , Shen Bo , Jiang Feng , Feng Jifeng 
Published: April 2022

AbstractCancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are critical components of the tumor microenvironment (TME) with diverse functions such as extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling, modulation of metabolism and angiogenesis, and crosstalk with both cancer cells and infiltrating immune cells by production of growth factors, cytokines, and chemokines. Within the TME milieu, CAFs exhibit morphological and functional transitions with relatively specific markers and hold tremendous potential to facilitate tumorigenesis, development, and resistance towards multiple therapeutic strategies including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted therapy, anti-angiogenesis therapy, immunotherapy, and endocrine therapy. Accordingly, CAFs themselves and the downstream effectors and/or signaling pathways are potential targets for optimizing the sensitivity of anti-cancer therapies. This review aims to provide a detailed landscape of the role that CAFs play in conferring therapeutic resistance in different cancers and the underlying mechanisms. The translational and therapeutic perspectives of CAFs in the individualized treatment of malignant tumors are also discussed.
Potential impacts of synthetic food dyes on activity and attention in children: a review of the human and animal evidence
Authors: Miller Mark D. , Steinmaus Craig , Golub Mari S. , Castorina Rosemary , Thilakartne Ruwan , Bradman Asa , Marty Melanie A. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractConcern that synthetic food dyes may impact behavior in children prompted a review by the California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment (OEHHA). OEHHA conducted a systematic review of the epidemiologic research on synthetic food dyes and neurobehavioral outcomes in children with or without identified behavioral disorders (particularly attention and activity). We also conducted a search of the animal toxicology literature to identify studies of neurobehavioral effects in laboratory animals exposed to synthetic food dyes. Finally, we conducted a hazard characterization of the potential neurobehavioral impacts of food dye consumption. We identified 27 clinical trials of children exposed to synthetic food dyes in this review, of which 25 were challenge studies. All studies used a cross-over design and most were double blinded and the cross-over design was randomized. Sixteen (64%) out of 25 challenge studies identified some evidence of a positive association, and in 13 (52%) the association was statistically significant. These studies support a relationship between food dye exposure and adverse behavioral outcomes in children. Animal toxicology literature provides additional support for effects on behavior. Together, the human clinical trials and animal toxicology literature support an association between synthetic food dyes and behavioral impacts in children. The current Food and Drug Administration (FDA) acceptable daily intakes are based on older studies that were not designed to assess the types of behavioral effects observed in children. For four dyes where adequate dose-response data from animal and human studies were available, comparisons of the effective doses in studies that measured behavioral or brain effects following exposure to synthetic food dyes indicate that the basis of the ADIs may not be adequate to protect neurobehavior in susceptible children. There is a need to re-evaluate exposure in children and for additional research to provide a more complete database for establishing ADIs protective of neurobehavioral effects.