bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association Between Perceived Levels of Stress and Self-Reported Food Preferences Among Males and Females: A Stated Preference Approach Based on the China Health and Nutrition Survey
Authors: Yang Fahui , Li Ruonan , Ren Xiaojian , Cao Bing , Gao Xiao 
Published: March 2022

ObjectiveStress is a major public health challenge and is associated with undesirable eating behavior. This cross-sectional study aimed to explore whether there is an association between perceived level of stress and food preference among Chinese adults.Study DesignPerceived level of stress was measured using the Chinese version of the 14-item Perceived Stress Scale, whereas self-reported food preferences were investigated by means of five food classification questions, including questions regarding the consumption of fast food, salty snacks, fruit, vegetables, and soft/sugary drinks.MethodsThe data were collected from the 2015 China Health and Nutrition Survey. Information of 8,216 adults (≥18 years) on perceived level of stress, self-reported food preferences, and other important covariates was available and analyzed.ResultsPerceived level of stress was negatively associated with a preference for fruit (β = −0.58, 95% CI: −0.81 to −0.34, p &lt; 0.0001) and vegetables (β = −1.13, 95% CI: −1.41 to −0.85, p &lt; 0.0001), while it was positively associated with a preference for fast food (β = 0.36, 95% CI: 0.08–0.64, p = 0.011) and soft/sugary drinks (β = 0.48, 95% CI: 0.30–0.66, p &lt; 0.0001) after adjusting for potential confounders. No association between a preference for salty snacks and perceived level of stress was found in either men or women.ConclusionsThe present population-based study reported strong associations between perceived level of stress and self-reported food preferences among Chinese adults. Sex differences related to this association were also worthy of attention.
A Comprehensive Tobacco Control Policy Program in a Mining Industry in Indonesia: Did It Work?
Authors: Prabandari Yayi S. , Bintoro Bagas S. , Purwanta Purwanta 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundRisk factor controls, including smoking cessation and prevention, impact health costs. This study aimed to describe the Kaltim Prima Coal (KPC), one of Indonesia's largest coal mining operations, comprehensive tobacco control policy program in 2015 and its impact on smoking behavior among the employees.MethodA survey among 404 employees was conducted to assess the impact of the smoke-free KPC programs. In addition to the descriptive analysis, logistic regression was used to measure the association of intention to the smoking behavior change and the association between intention and the determinants using the Theory of Planned Behavior in 102 smokers.ResultsA series of tobacco control programs: advocacy, health education, brief interventions for smoking cessation, peer counselor training, media campaigns, and policy regulations were implemented. About 95.5% of the respondents attended the KPC Smoke-Free 2015 programs, and 97.8% reported they already knew that KPC is a total smoke-free area. Nearly 50% of the respondents expressed that the staff complied with the rules and no longer smoked in KPC. Majority of smokers (76.6%) reduced their consumption, and 5.6% of them quit smoking. Among smokers, we found that attitude toward smoking cessation, subjective norm, and perceived control for quitting were related to the intention to stop smoking.ConclusionsThe KPC smoke-free policy has been comprehensively implemented. Regulations on smoking and tobacco controls should be maintained, and monitoring should be consistently done. Media campaigns on the regulations and the availability of trained peer educators for smoking cessation help need to be applied continuously.
Training, Supervision, and Competence Assessment of Cameroonian Health Care Providers Using HPV Self-Sampling, Triage by Visual Inspection, and Treatment by Thermal Ablation in a Single Visit
Authors: Frund Chloé , Kenfack Bruno , Sormani Jessica , Wisniak Ania , Fouogue Jovanny Tsuala , Tincho Eveline , Metaxas Tania , Vassilakos Pierre , Petignat Patrick 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundDeveloping human resource capacity and efficient deployment of skilled personnel are essential for cervical cancer screening program implementation in resource-limited countries. Our aim was to provide a context-specific training framework, supervision, and effectiveness evaluation of health care providers in a cervical cancer screening program.MethodsA 5-year cervical cancer screening program was implemented in Dschang, West Cameroon. Women were invited to perform human papillomavirus self-sampling (Self-HPV), followed by triage using visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) and thermal ablation if needed. Health care providers were trained in four key learning phases to perform counseling, screening, and treatment process in a single visit. Training included (i) a 3-day basic course, (ii) 3-day advanced practical training, (iii) 2 weeks of supervision, and (iv) bi-monthly supervision by a mentor. The diagnostic performance of health care providers was compared between two time periods, period I (September 2018 to April 2019) and period II (May 2019 to January 2020), for an overall 17-month study period.ResultsFourteen health care providers were recruited for the training course and 12 of them completed the training objectives. Follow-up and evaluations were conducted for three health care providers working in the screening unit at Dschang District Hospital. During the study period, 1,609 women performed Self-HPV, among which 759 were screened during period I and 850 during period II. HPV positivity was 18.2 and 17.1%, and VIA positivity was 45.7 and 71.0% in period I and II, respectively. VIA sensitivity was 60.0% (95% confidence interval [CI] 26.2–87.8) and 80.8% (95% CI 60.6–93.4) in period I and II, respectively (p = 0.390). VIA specificity decreased between period I (57.4, 95% CI 48.1–66.3) and II (30.8, 95% CI 22.6–40.0) (p &lt; 0.001). Health care providers demonstrated substantial agreement with their mentor in their diagnoses during both periods (period I: Cohen's kappa coefficient [k] = 0.73, 95% CI 0.62–0.85, and period II: k = 0.62 0.47–0.76; p = 0.0549).DiscussionTraining, supervision, and a focus on effectiveness in cervical cancer screening are interventions that contribute to improving frontline provider competencies and maintaining a high quality of health care service delivery.
How to Facilitate Adherence to Cardiac Rehabilitation in Primary Health Settings for Ischaemic Heart Disease Patients. The Perspectives of Health Professionals
Authors: Ravn Maiken Bay , Uhd Maria , Svendsen Marie Louise , Ørtenblad Lisbeth , Maribo Thomas 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundCardiac rehabilitation (CR) is a class 1A recommendation and an integrated part of standard treatment for patients with cardiac disease. In Denmark, CR adheres to European guidelines, it is group-based and partly conducted in primary health settings. Despite high evidence for the benefits of CR, it remains underutilized. How to facilitate CR adherence in primary health settings is poorly understood.AimThis study explores health professional's perspectives on how to facilitate CR adherence for patients with ischaemic heart disease in primary health settings.MethodsData were collected through focus group discussions. Respondents were health professionals specialized in and working with CR in primary health settings. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis.ResultsEleven health professionals participated in two focus group discussions. Five themes emerged as facilitators of CR; (1) placing the person at the center, (2) coherent programme, (3) flow of information, (4) contextual factors, and (5) feeling of belonging.ConclusionThis study illuminates the complexity of facilitating adherence to CR in primary health settings and provides ways in which health professionals may facilitate adherence. Placing the person at the center is pivotal and may be done by adapting CR offers to patients' social context, culture and life circumstances and ensuring a feeling of belonging. The rhetoric related to CR should be positive and throughout the entire course of treatment health professionals should possess a generic and collective approach to and view of CR. Perceiving these elements as potential facilitators is of vital importance and addressing them may facilitate adherence.
Branching Vine Robots for Unmapped Environments
Authors: Glick Paul E. , Adibnazari Iman , Drotman Dylan , Ruffatto III Donald , Tolley Michael T. 
Published: March 2022

While exploring complex unmapped spaces is a persistent challenge for robots, plants are able to reliably accomplish this task. In this work we develop branching robots that deploy through an eversion process that mimics key features of plant growth (i.e., apical extension, branching). We show that by optimizing the design of these robots, we can successfully traverse complex terrain even in unseen instances of an environment. By simulating robot growth through a set of known training maps and evaluating performance with a reward heuristic specific to the intended application (i.e., exploration, anchoring), we optimized robot designs with a particle swarm algorithm. We show these optimization efforts transfer from training on known maps to performance on unseen maps in the same type of environment, and that the resulting designs are specialized to the environment used in training. Furthermore, we fabricated several optimized branching everting robot designs and demonstrated key aspects of their performance in hardware. Our branching designs replicated three properties found in nature: anchoring, coverage, and reachability. The branching designs were able to reach 25% more of a given space than non-branching robots, improved anchoring forces by 12.55×, and were able to hold greater than 100× their own mass (i.e., a device weighing 5 g held 575 g). We also demonstrated anchoring with a robot that held a load of over 66.7 N at an internal pressure of 50 kPa. These results show the promise of using branching vine robots for traversing complex and unmapped terrain.
PMODE I: Design and Development of an Observatory for Characterizing Giant Planet Atmospheres and Interiors
Authors: Shaw Cody L. , Gulledge Deborah J. , Swindle Ryan , Jefferies Stuart M. , Murphy Neil 
Published: March 2022

The giant planets of our Solar System are exotic laboratories, enshrouding keys which can be used to decipher planetary formation mysteries beneath their cloudy veils. Seismology provides a direct approach to probe beneath the visible cloud decks, and has long been considered a desirable and effective way to reveal the interior structure. To peer beneath the striking belts and zones of Jupiter and to complement previous measurements—both Doppler and gravimetric—we have designed and constructed a novel instrument suite. This set of instruments is called PMODE—the Planetary Multilevel Oscillations and Dynamics Experiment, and includes a Doppler imager to measure small shifts of the Jovian cloud decks; these velocimetric measurements contain information related to Jupiter’s internal global oscillations and atmospheric dynamics. We present a detailed description of this instrument suite, along with data reduction techniques and preliminary results (as instrumental validation) from a 24-day observational campaign using PMODE on the AEOS 3.6 m telescope atop Mount Haleakalā, Maui, HI during the summer of 2020, including a precise Doppler measurement of the Jovian zonal wind profile. Our dataset provides high sensitivity Doppler imaging measurements of Jupiter, and our independent detection of the well-studied zonal wind profile shows structural similarities to cloud-tracking measurements, demonstrating that our dataset may hold the potential to place future constraints on amplitudes and possible excitation mechanisms for the global modes of Jupiter.
Comparison of the Effect of Different Local Analgesia Administration Methods in Percutaneous Vertebroplasty: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Xiang Jiangxia , Zhong Weiyang , Ou Yunsheng 
Published: March 2022

ObjectiveAlthough various studies have described the methods of administering anesthesia during percutaneous vertebroplasty (PV) for treating osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs), there is still no consensus on the optimal treatment regimen. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of three application methods of local analgesia administration in PV for treating OVCFs.MethodsA total of 96 patients with OVCFs were reviewed and divided into three groups (A: lidocaine, B: ropivacaine, C: lidocaine + ropivacaine). The visual analog scale (VAS), blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), blood oxygen saturation (BOS), and surgery time were recorded during the following different points: before puncture, during the puncture, cement injection, and 4-h after surgery.ResultsThe mean age of the patients was 74.13 ± 7.02 years in group A, 70.47 ± 5.50 years in group B, and 73.07 ± 7.51 years in group C, without significant difference. No significant differences were found in sex, age, hospital stay, surgery time, blood loss, and cement volume of the patients. In the periods of before puncture and 4-h after surgery, the VAS in group C decreased significantly than that in the periods of the puncture, cement injection, and immediately after surgery. Overall, there were no significant differences in systolic BP, diastolic BP, HR, and BOS during the different periods among the groups except HR in the period of the puncture in group C, which was slower than that in other groups, and HR in the period of cement injection in group A, which was faster than the other two groups. A correlation was observed between the VAS and the periods of cement injection (r = 0.5358) and after surgery (r = 0.5775) in group C.ConclusionCompared with the other two methods, the use of lidocaine in combination with ropivacaine could effectively relieve intraoperative pain, making the patients feel more comfortable and experience better recovery.
Phytotherapy for the Treatment of Glioblastoma: A Review
Authors: Mian Shan Yasin , Nambiar Abhishek , Kaliaperumal Chandrasekaran 
Published: March 2022

BackgroundPhytotherapy; the study of extracts of natural origin in the treatment of disease, has scarcely been applied in the management of GBM. A body of literature exists studying in-vitro, the use of natural extracts against GBM cells. Given persisting poor prognoses, we evaluated, through systematic literature-review the therapeutic potential of naturally sourced extracts in-vivo.MethodsUsing OVID, MEDLINE and EMBASE databases were searched with compound search term. Abstracts and full-texts were double-screened by independent reviewers.ResultsNine hundred and eighty-seven articles, excluding duplicated were screened, leading to the inclusion of 14. Amongst murine studies, Ashwagandha, Coptis Chinensis and Fructus Ligustri Lucidi in unprocessed forms, produced significant reductions in tumour volume. Amongst human studies, Perrilyl alcohol, derived from Lavender, reduced angiogenic cytokines in 31% of subjects, halted 6 month disease progression in 48.2% of subjects, and improved mean survival by 4.9 months in separate studies, respectively.ConclusionAlthough cursory, current trends in literature demonstrate the value of inhaled Lavender extract in the treatment of GBM, offering tangible clinical benefit to patients receiving conventional treatments. Furthermore, the administration of 8, discrete extracts in mice to produce significant responses in survival and tumour volume, suggest there is further scope for study. Although additional safety tests are required, currently, phytotherapeutics are the crossover to clinical translation, and additional trials are warranted to expound upon thus far promising results.
Impact of Perioperative Multiple Doses of Glucocorticoids on Peripheral Blood Lymphocyte Subsets and Inflammatory Cytokines in Patients With Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Yang Liuquan , Cai Yixin , Fu Xiangning 
Published: March 2022

PurposeSurgery-induced immunosuppression is associated with infectious complications and cancer recurrence. This study aimed to characterize the effects of perioperative multiple doses of glucocorticoids on the peripheral immune environment in patients with non-small cell lung cancer.MethodsIn this retrospective study, surgical patients with lung cancer were included. Lymphocyte subsets, lymphocyte phenotypes, lymphocyte functions, and inflammatory cytokines were evaluated in the peripheral blood preoperatively, then at 1 day and 7 days postoperatively. Levels of immune cells and inflammatory factors were compared between those who did or did not receive glucocorticoids at all time points.ResultsMultiple doses or high doses (15–20 mg dexamethasone equivalents) of glucocorticoids that were all given within 24 h were associated with decreased absolute numbers of T cells, CD4+and CD8+T cells, B cells, and impaired T cells function at 1 day postoperatively while a single intraoperative low dose (5 mg) of dexamethasone had little influence on the peripheral environment. IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α were also more affected by multiple doses of glucocorticoids.ConclusionsAmong patients with lung cancer, perioperative multiple doses of glucocorticoids that are all given within a short time are associated with decreased immune cell counts and impaired T cells functions.
Effects of Nifedipine Tablets Combined With Magnesium Sulfate on Blood Coagulation Index, Oxidative Stress, NO and ET-1 Levels in Patients With Pregnancy Hypertension
Authors: Yu Xiaomei , Zhou Qiang 
Published: March 2022

ObjectiveTo explore the effects of nifedipine tablets combined with magnesium sulfate on blood coagulation indexes, oxidative stress and levels of NO and ET-1 in patients with Pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome (PIH).MethodsA total of 110 patients with hypertension during pregnancy were admitted to our hospital from January 2020 to January 2021. According to the random number table method, 110 patients were divided into the control group and the therapy group, with 55 cases in each group. The blood pressure levels (systolic and diastolic blood pressure), coagulation indexes (TT, PT, APTT, Fib), oxidative stress indexes (LPO, MDA, SOD), vascular endothelial function (ET-1, NO), clinical efficacy and adverse reactions of the two groups were compared.ResultsAfter therapy, the systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure of the two groups were significantly decreased, and the therapy group was significantly lower than the control group (P &lt; 0.05). After therapy, PT, TT, and APTT in two groups were significantly increased, and Fib was significantly decreased, and PT, TT, APTT in the therapy group were higher than those in the control group, and Fib was lower than that in the control group (P &lt; 0.05). After therapy, LPO and MDA in two groups were significantly decreased, and SOD was significantly increased, and LPO and MDA in the therapy group were lower than those in the control group, and SOD was higher than that in the control group (P &lt; 0.05). After therapy, ET-1 in two groups were significantly increased, and NO and ET-1/NO was significantly decreased, and ET-1 in the therapy group was higher than that in the control group, and NO and ET-1/NO were lower those in the control group (P &lt; 0.05). The total clinical effective rate of patients in the therapy group was 94.5%, and in the control group was 81.8%, the therapy group was significantly better than the control group (P &lt; 0.05). The total incidence of adverse reactions in the therapy group was 7.3%, and in the control group was 21.8%, the therapy group was significantly lower than the control group (P &lt; 0.05).ConclusionNifedipine tablets combined with magnesium sulfate in the treatment of PIH can improve the blood coagulation function of patients, reduce oxidative stress damage, adjust the serum levels of ET-1 and NO, and improve the clinical efficacy.
Frequency Analysis of Cesarean Section for Classification of Robson
Authors: Кухарчик Ю.В. , Гутикова Л.В. , Зверко В.Л. , Пашенко Е.Н. , Юшкевич Д.В. 
Published: March 2022

Проведенный ретроспективный анализ количества и показаний к абдоминальному родоразрешению в УЗ «Гродненский областной клинический перинатальный центр» с оценкой по 10 группам классификации M.S. Robson позволил выявить основные группы по количеству операций кесарева сечения (первородящие, с гестационным сроком ≥37 нед., одноплодная беременность, головное предлежание, индуцированные роды или плановое кесарево сечение; повторнородящие с рубцом на матке, с гестационным сроком ≥37 нед., одноплодная беременность, головное предлежание; женщины с многоплодной беременностью, включая женщин с одной или несколькими операциями кесарева сечения в анамнезе) и принять комплекс соответствующих организационных мероприятий по снижению частоты абдоминального родоразрешения.
A retrospective analysis of the number and indications for abdominal delivery in Grodno Regional Clinical Perinatal Center with an assessment of 10 classification groups M.S. Robson revealed the main groups by the number of cesarean sections (nulliparous, with gestational age ≥37 weeks, singleton pregnancy, head presentation, induced childbirth or planned cesarean section; multiparous with a scar on the uterus, with gestational gestational age ≥37 weeks, singleton pregnancy , head presentation; women with multiple pregnancies, including women with a history of cesarean section) and take a set of appropriate organizational measures to reduce the frequency of abdominal delivery.
Diabetes Mellitus, Dysglycemia, and COVID-19: New in the Correction and Prevention of Complications
Authors: Данилова Л.И. , Лущик М.Л. , Исачкина О.Н. , Валуевич В.В. 
Published: March 2022

Качество метаболической компенсации диабета определяет не только скорость прогрессирования его осложнений, но и состояние противовирусного и противомикробного иммунитета. Обсуждается реализация международных руководств по лечению диабета во время острых респираторных инфекций и COVID-19. Международные рекомендации по коррекции внутрибольничной дисгликемии, собственный опыт авторов указывают на возможность индивидуализации гликемических параметров при внутривенном введении короткого или ультракороткого инсулина в отделении интенсивной терапии и реанимации (ОИТР) на основе оценки метаболического статуса пациентов и ожидаемых перспектив. Выживаемость выше при более жестких целевых значениях гликемии при минимизации гипогликемий. Можно ли перенести этот клинический опыт на ситуацию с внутрибольничной гипергликемией у пациентов ОИТР с COVID-19, покажут в дальнейшем результаты анализа эффективности различных терапевтических подходов, включая применение ряда лекарственных средств.
The quality of metabolic compensation of diabetes determines not only the rate of progression of its complications, but also the state of antiviral and antimicrobial immunity. Implementation of international Guidelines for Treating Diabetes During Acute Respiratory Viral Infections and COVID-19 is discussed. Meanwhile, the international guidelines on intrahospital hyperglycemia, as well as own experience, indicate the feasibility of individualizing glycemic targets with intravenous administration of short or ultrashort insulin in the ICU for patients based on their metabolic status and expected prospects. Survival rates are higher at lower glycemic targets. If it is possible to transfer this clinical experience to the situation of intrahospital hyperglycemia in ICU patients with COVID-19 will show the results of the analysis of the effectiveness of different therapeutic approaches in the ICU in the future, including the use of a number of drugs.