bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RAFT Polymerization of MMA in the Channels of Different Mesoporous Materials
Authors: Xue Tao , Wei Yan , Yu Caili , Zhang Faai , Zhou Zhongqun 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Reversible addition fragmentation transfer (RAFT) polymerization is of key significance for its suitability for most monomer and well-studied reaction mechanism. Herein, a serial of mesoporous silica (MS) materials, including rod-liked and spherical SBA-15, spherical MCM-41, and MCM-48, were successfully synthesized and modified by silane coupling agent γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (KH550). The modified MS was utilized as a microreactor for reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) using a xanthate as a chain transfer agent and AIBN as an initiator. Note that modified MS had lower specific surface area and pore volume while maintained the original morphological structure. Owing to the confinement effects, poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) prepared from internal mesoporous channels featured with higher molecule weight and initial thermal decomposition temperature than these from conventional RAFT polymerization. More importantly, the PMMA obtained from the spherical SBA-15 and modified MCM-48 exhibited the highest molecule weight. This work provided a novel approach to design of polymer microstructure for a wider application, such as in drug release.
A Meta-synthesis of Qualitative Research on the Adaptation Experience of Elderly People Moving to the Institutionson
Authors: Zhao Di , Niu Meilan , Ma Rui , Shi Yan , Zhou Lin , Song Yuxia , Zhang Xiang , Wang Peng 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Objective
The proportion of elderly people who relocated to institutions for elderly care is gradually increasing.They will face various challenges and pressures after moving to pension institutions.At present, qualitative research focuses on the life experience of the elderly in institutions. However, comprehensive qualitative research focuses on the adaptation process of the elderly after moving to pension institutions.Thus, the aim of the study to evaluate published qualitative research evidence related to the adaptation process of older people after moving to a pension institution.
Methods
We have followed the methodology of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA).Computer searches of Whiley Online Library, Cochrane Library, CINHAL, Medline, EMbase, Pubmed, Web of Science, China Academic Journal Full Text Database (CNKI), China Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), Wanfang Database ( Wanfang Data) and VIP database to collect qualitative studies on the processes, experiences and feelings of elderly people moving to residential care institutions, all searched from the establishment of the database to April 1, 2022. Qualitative studies were evaluated qualitatively using JBI, and data were analysed using meta-aggregation.
Results
A total of 12 literatures were included, and three new themes were summarized. The first theme was the load stage, the second theme was the adjustment stage, and the third theme was the acceptance stage.The results are integrated into the process of relocation and adaptation of the elderly in Nursing Home.
Conclusions
This study explores and extends the existing evidence and findings, which can help caregivers in nursing home staffs to understand the stages of the process of adaptation and provide new perspectives on the nature of adaptive change and adaptive interventions by medical and nursing staff for older people in nursing facilities.
Global sensitivity analysis using multi-resolution polynomial chaos expansion for coupled Stokes-Darcy flow problems
Authors: Kroeker Ilja , Oladyshkin Sergey , Rybak Iryna 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Determination of relevant model parameters is crucial for accurate mathematical modelling and efficient numerical simulation of a wide spectrum of applications in geosciences. The conventional method of choice is the global sensitivity analysis (GSA). Unfortunately, at least the classical Monte-Carlo based GSA requires a high number of model runs. Response surfaces based techniques, e.g. arbitrary Polynomial Chaos (aPC) expansion, can reduce computational effort, however, they suffer from the Gibbs phenomena and high hardware requirements for higher accuracy. We introduce GSA for arbitrary Multi-Resolution Polynomial Chaos (aMR-PC) which is a localized aPC based data-driven polynomial discretization. The aMR-PC allows to reduce the Gibbs phenomena by construction and to achieve higher accuracy by means of localization also for lower polynomial degrees. We apply these techniques to perform the sensitivity analysis for the Stokes-Darcy problem which describes fluid flow in coupled free-flow and porous-medium systems. We consider the Stokes equations in the free-flow region, Darcy's law in the porous-medium domain and the classical interface conditions across the fluid-porous interface including the conservation of mass, the balance of normal forces and the Beavers-Joseph condition for the tangential velocity. This coupled problem formulation contains four uncertain parameters: the exact location of the interface, the permeability, the Beavers-Joseph slip coefficient and the uncertainty in the boundary conditions. We carry out the sensitivity analysis of the coupled model with respect to these parameters using the Sobol indexes on the aMR-PC expansion and conduct the corresponding numerical simulations.
Deformation estimation of Soft Pneumatic Actuators under external force baesd on experimental nonlinear Euler-Bernoulli beam
Authors: Jiang Li , Lai Gen , Tang Jianhua 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Soft pneumatic actuators(SPAs) can be adapted to grasp objects of different shapes, and it is helpful to estimate the SPA's deformation under external force, but their low stiffness bring signifcant challenges to the experimental characterization and modeling of their statics. Aiming at achieving the target of estimating SPA's deformation through establishing relation models between external force, air pressure, and SPA's deformation, a practical and straightforward estimation method is proposed in this paper. The nonlinear Euler-Bernoulli beam(NEBB) is applied, the SPA is simplified as a nonlinear cantilever beam, and the complex internal air pressure effect is equivalent to the external moment to analyze the SPA's deformation. The proposed nonlinear beam SPA method and finite element method(FEA) are compared with the experimental data, respectively, and the estimated deformation curves of proposed nonlinear beam SPA method agree well with the experimental results than FEA. It is shown that SPA's deformation can be estimated accurately through the proposed method. The study establishes a nonlinear beam SPA method baesd on nonlinear Euler-Bernoulli beam to estimate the SPA's deformation under external force and can potentially be used to analyze various SPAs’s mechanical property.
Analysis of Tire Wear Airstrip Particles (TWAP)
Authors: Spanheimer Vanessa , Katrakova-Krüger Danka 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Every aircraft leaves tire wear particles on the ground of airports at take-off and landing. To maintain good grip properties, the pavement must be regularly cleaned up. The gathered Tire Wear Airstrip Particles (TWAP) normally get disposed by burning. As they are similar to rubber powder the question is if they might be used as a secondary raw material to keep them longer in the circular economy. In this study gathered TWAP of the runway of an airport in Germany are compared to ambient ground rubber powder from truck tire treads. Both are analyzed microscopically with regard to their morphology, particle size distribution and chemical composition by calcination with following elemental characterization of the ash by Energy-Dispersion-X-ray Analysis (EDS) in the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Thermal Gravimetric Analysis (TGA). The particle size distribution of TWAP is broader than rubber powder containing also much smaller particles. The mineral content is about 60% of the gathered TWAP. These minerals can be residues of the pavement or break wear and to a smaller amount from the rubber ingredients. Although TWAP on their own are similar to rubber powder, the impurities they contain may have an impact with regard to potential applications.
CCT3-related genetic and immune characteristics and its diagnostic and prognostic performances in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Huang Junfeng , Hu Bingqi , Yang Ying , Liu Huanhuan , Fan Xingyu , Zhou Jing , Chen Liwen 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Chaperonin-containing tailless complex polypeptide 1 (TCP1) subunit 3 (CCT3) is overexpressed in a wide range of cancers and has a connection with poor prognosis. However, its role in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), the most common type of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remained to be elucidated.
Methods
The Timer and UALCAN databases, Human Protein Atlas (HPA) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data were used to analyze CCT3 expression in LUAD. Both the Wilcoxon rank-sum test and the regression model were used to investigate the connection between clinicopathologic characteristics of LUAD patients and CCT3 expression. The diagnostic efficiency of CCT3 for LUAD was assessed by receiver operating curve, and the prognostic value of CCT3 was determined by Cox regression models, the Kaplan-Meier method and Nomogram prediction. Next, we identified the most related genes with CCT3 via GeneMANIA and String databases, and the association between CCT3 and infiltrated immune cells with single-sample Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (ssGSEA). CCT3-related infiltrating immune cells was investigated by GSEA. Finally, CCT3 roles in cell proliferation and apoptosis of LUAD A549 cells was verified by siRNA (small interfering RNA) mediated knockdown.
Results
CCT3 was upregulated in LUAD both in mRNA and protein levels. CCT3 overexpression was associated with clinicopathological characteristics including sex, smoking, T- and N-categories, pathological staging, and a poor prognosis of LUAD patients. GeneMANIA and String databases found a set of CCT3-related genes that are connected to the assembly and stability of proteins involved in proteostasis of cytoskeletal filaments, DNA repair and oncogenesis. Furthermore, CCT3 was found to be positively correlated with the infiltrating Th2 cells (r = 0.442, p < 0.01) while negatively correlated with mast cells (r = -0.49, p < 0.01) and immature dendritic cells (iDCs, r = -0.401, p < 0.001) according to ssGSEA analyzes. The pathway analysis based on GSEA method showed that the cell cycle pathway, the protein export pathway, the proteasome pathway and the ribosome pathway are enriched in CCT3 high group, whereas the JAK/STAT pathway, B cell receptor pathway, T cell receptor pathway and toll like receptor pathway were enriched in CCT3 low group. Finally, CCT3 knockdown substantially inhibited proliferation while promoted apoptosis of A549 cells.
Conclusion
Dysregulation of CCT3 in LUAD is associated with unique genetic and immune properties and has excellent diagnostic and prognostic performance for LUAD.
Effect of DFIG control parameters on small signal stability in power systems
Authors: Qi Liu , Jiahui Wu , Haiyun Wang , Hua Zhang , Jian Yang 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) with virtual inertia control and reactive damping control gives a renewable energy generation system inertia and damping characteristics similar to those of a thermal power plant, and the parameters of the control strategy have a direct impact on the small-signal stability of the system. This paper firstly introduces the operating characteristics and control strategies of DFIG-based damping control and virtual inertia control, establishes a small-signal model of the control-based DFIG integrated interconnected system, and investigates the effects of virtual inertia and reactive damping values on the small-signal stability of the system; then, the maximum damping ratio of the interval oscillation mode in small disturbance analysis is taken as the optimization objective, and the control parameters are the optimization variables. An optimization method of inertia and damping parameters is established for improving the small disturbance stability of the system. The results show that the optimization procedure could improve the damping ratio of the interval oscillation mode while ensuring the system frequency. The effects of virtual inertia and reactive damping values on the small signal stability of the system are investigated, and an optimal allocation model and method for virtual inertia used to improve the small disturbance stability of the system is proposed.
The presence of soybean, but not soybean cropping frequency has influence on SOM priming in crop rotation systems
Authors: Dai Shan-Shan , He Peng , You Meng-Yang , Li Lu-Jun 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Purpose: The legume crops are advocated to integrate in crop rotation systems, and legume included in cereal-based rotations have a substantial effect on improving soil fertility and health. It is not yet clear whether the frequency of legumes included in crop rotation system influences soil biochemical properties and soil organic matter (SOM) mineralization. Methods: An incubation experiment was conducted with 13C-glucose addition to evaluate the influences of the soybean (Glycine max (L.) cropping frequency on SOM mineralization under long-term wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)- and maize (Zea mays L.)-based rotation systems. PLFAs and 13C-PLFAs were measured to explore microbial biomass, community structure and microbial utilization of glucose in wheat and maize systems.Results:Glucose addition increased native SOM mineralization, i.e. positive priming effect. Compared with less soybean cropping frequency under long-term wheat- and maize-based rotation systems, Wheat-soybean-soybean-soybean rotation and maize-soybean-soybean rotation increased the total biomass (PLFAs), fungal biomass and decreased the ratio of bacteria to fungi. Furthermore, the ratio of bacteria to fungi was negatively correlated with SOM priming, indicating that greater fungal biomass played a key role in stimulating the priming effect. That the proportion of 13C-glucose in G- and fungi had a positive relationship with PE also proved the point. The presence of soybean in crop rotation increased SOM priming, while the soybean cropping frequency had no significant influence on SOM priming. However, in contrast to maize-based rotation system, the same frequency of soybean in wheat-based rotation system had fewer total PLFAs and higher B/F ratio. Conclusions:Our findings indicated that the presence of soybean increased SOM priming because of the increasing fungal biomass and the ratio of fungi to bacteria, while the soybean cropping frequency had no significant influence on SOM priming. Furthermore, the presence of soybean in maize system promoted more SOM priming than that in wheat system with glucose addition.
Cell-cell communications shape tumor microenvironment and predict clinical outcomes in clear cell renal carcinoma.
Authors: Chen Liuxun , Zeng Shen-jie , Liu Xv-dong , Tang Hai-bin , Wang Jia-wu , Jiang Qing 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Cell-cell communications of various cell populations within tumor microenvironment play an essential role in primary tumor growth, metastasis evolution, and immune escape. Nevertheless，comprehensive investigation of cell-cell communications in the ccRCC (Clear cell renal carcinoma) microenvironment and how this interplay affects prognosis still remains limited. Methods: Intercellular communications were characterized by single-cell data derived from 4 patients. And clinical prognosis and immunotherapy efficacy with different landscapes of intercellular interplay are evaluated by TCGA-KIRC and immunotherapy cohorts. Results: We employed “CellChat” package to characterize intercellular communications across all types of cells in microenvironment in VHL mutated and non-mutated samples, respectively. Afterwards, monocle analysis reveals the potential relationship of cell-cell communication molecules with immune cells (T cells, Myeloid cells) differentiation. Furthermore, Pearson correlation analysis demonstrates that these molecules also correlate with the infiltration of immune cells (T cells, Myeloid cells). A tumor cluster with highly expressed ligands was defined by quantitative analysis and transcription factor enrichment analysis, which was identified to be pivotal for intercellular communications in tumor microenvironment. Finally, bulk data indicates that different cell-cell communication clusters have significant prognosis value in ccRCC and distinguished immunotherapy efficiency. Conclusions: VHL mutant and VHL mutated renal carcinoma have different intercellular communication landscape. And intercellular communications within tumor microenvironment modulate the differentiation and infiltration of T cells and myeloid cells, and further predict clinical prognosis and immunotherapy efficacy of ccRCC.
P-glycoprotein exacerbates brain injury following experimental cerebral ischemia by promoting pro-inflammatory microglia activation
Authors: Chen Yan , Fei Xuan , Liu Ge , Li Xiang , Huang Liangliang , Yang Lele Zixin , Li Yunman , Xu Baohui , Fang Weirong 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background: Microglia are activated in the progression of ischemic stroke triggerring inflammatory response following ischemic insult. P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is an efflux transporter on microvascular endothelial cells and is elevated after cerebral ischemia. This study evaluated the effects and possible mechanisms of P-gp on microglial polarization in mice after ischemic stroke.Methods: P-gp-specific siRNA and adeno-associated virus (p-AAV) were used to silence and overexpress P-gp. Middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion and oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) were performed in mice and cerebral microvascular endothelial cells (bEnd.3), respectively. Co-culture of OGD/R-injured bEnd.3 cells with mouse microglial cells (BV2) was conducted in Transwell. Influences on acute ischemic stroke outcome, the expression of inflammatory cytokines, and chemokines and chemokines receptors, microglial polarization status marker, glucocorticoid receptor (GR) nuclear translocation, and GR-mediated mRNA decay (GMD) activation were evaluated via real time-polymerase chain reaction, Western blot or immunofluorescence.Results: Silencing P-gp significantly alleviated ischemia injury in association with reduced cerebral infarct size, improved neurological deficits, and attenuated expression levels of interleukin-6 and interleukin-12. Silencing P-gp mitigated pro-inflammatory microglial polarization and the expression of C-C chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) and its receptor C-C chemokine receptor 2 expression, whereas promoted anti-inflammatory microglia polarization. Additionally, P-gp silencing also promoted GR nuclear translocation and the expression of GMD relative proteins in endothelial cells. Conversely, opposite influences were noted following overexpressing P-gp via p-AAV transfection. In contrast, silencing endothelial GR eliminated the influence of P-gp manipulation on the expressions of inflammatory cytokines and, chemokines as well as microglial polarization.Conclusions: Elevated P-gp expression aggravated inflammatory response and brain damage after ischemic stroke by augmenting pro-inflammatory microglial polarization. Mechanistically, P-gp-mediated proinflammatory microglial polarization was associated with increased endothelial CCL2 release via GMD inhibition.
Monitoring storm evolution using high density seismic arrays
Authors: Diaz J. , Ruiz M. , Udina M. , Polls F. , Martí D. , Bech J. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Data acquired by a dense seismic network deployed in the Cerdanya basin (Eastern Pyrenees) is used to track the temporal and spatial evolution of meteorological events such as rainfall episodes or thunderstorms. Comparing seismic and meteorological data, we show that for frequencies above 40 Hz, the dominant source of seismic noise is rainfall and hence the amplitude of the seismic data can be used as a proxy of rainfall. The interstation distance of 1.5 km provides an unprecedented spatial resolution of the evolution of rainfall episodes along the basin. Two specific episodes, one dominated by stratiform rain and the second one dominated by convective rain are analyzed in detail, using high resolution disdrometer data from a meteorological site near one of the seismic instruments. Seismic amplitude variations follow a similar evolution to radar reflectivity values, but in some stratiform precipitation cases it differs from the radar-derived precipitation estimates in this region of abrupt topography where radar may suffer antenna beam blockage. Hence, we demonstrate the added value of seismic data to complement other sources of information such as rain-gauge or weather radar observations to describe the evolution of ground-level rainfall fields at high spatial and temporal resolution. The seismic power and the rainfall intensity have and exponential relationship and the periods with larger seismic power are coincident with raindrop diameters above 3 mm. The time periods with rain drops diameters exceeding 4 mm cannot be detected in the seismic data, suggesting that there is a threshold value above which seismic data are not sensitive any more to larger rain drop impacts. Thunderstorms can be identified by the recording of the sonic waves generated by thunders. We show that single thunders can be recorded to distances of a few tens of kilometers. As the propagation of these acoustic waves is expected to be strongly affected by parameters as air humidity, temperature variations or wind, the seismic data could provide an excellent tool to investigate atmospheric properties variations during thunderstorms.
Risk factors for lymph node metastasis and poor prognosis in pathological stage I and II non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Zhang Hongwang , Li Xue , Wang Yanming 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Objective
To study the influencing factors of lymph node metastasis and survival in pathological stage Ⅰ and Ⅱ non-small cell lung cancer.
Methods
Clinical data of 381 patients were collected and followed up. The primary outcome measure was overall survival and 5-year survival rate.
Results
Binary logistic regression results showed that tumor size (OR = 1.422; 95%CI: 1.174 ~ 1.723), increased preoperative CEA (OR = 1.056; 95%CI: 1.012 ~ 1.101) and gender (OR = 0.476; 95%CI: 0.243 ~ 0.934) were the factors affecting lymph node metastasis in pathological stage Ⅰ and Ⅱ non-small cell lung cancer (all P-value < 0.05). Results from multivariate Cox proportional hazards model showed that age (hazard ratio = 2.716 for age > 60 years; p = 0.001), larger tumor size (hazard ratio = 1.400 for tumor size ≥ 2.25cm; p = 0.004) and visceral pleural invasion (hazard ratio = 2.919 for visceral pleural invasion; p < 0.001) were the predictors of poor prognosis (all P-value < 0.05).
Conclusion
In pathological stage I and II non-small cell lung cancer, being males, tumor size ≥ 2.25cm and the preoperative CEA ≥ 3.47ug/L were risk factors for lymph node metastasis. Age > 60 years, visceral pleural invasion, and larger tumor are predictors of postoperative poor prognosis.