bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A systematic literature review of patient self-assessment instruments concerning quality of primary care in multiprofessional clinics
Authors: Derriennic Jérémy , Nabbe Patrice , Barais Marie , Le Goff Delphine , Pourtau Thomas , Penpennic Benjamin , Le Reste Jean-Yves 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Background
Quality of care remains a priority issue and is correlated with patient experience. Measuring multidimensional patient primary care experiences in multiprofessional clinics requires a robust instrument. Although many exist, little is known about their quality.

Objective
To identify patient perception instruments in multiprofessional primary care and evaluate their quality.

Methods
Systematic review using Medline, Pascal, PsycINFO, Google Scholar, Cochrane, Scopus, and CAIRN. Eligible articles developed, evaluated, or validated 1 or more self-assessment instruments. The instruments had to measure primary care delivery, patient primary care experiences and assess at least 3 quality-of-care dimensions. The COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health status Measurement Instruments (COSMIN) checklist was used to assess methodological quality of included studies. Instrument measurement properties were appraised using 3 possible quality scores. Data were combined to provide best-evidence synthesis based on the number of studies, their methodological quality, measurement property appraisal, and result consistency. Subscales used to capture patient primary care experiences were extracted and grouped into the 9 Institute of Medicine dimensions.

Results
Twenty-nine articles were found. The included instruments captured many subscales illustrating the diverse conceptualization of patient primary care experiences. No included instrument demonstrated adequate validity and the lack of scientific methodology for assessing reliability made interpreting validity questionable. No study evaluated instrument responsiveness.

Conclusion
Numerous patient self-assessment instruments were identified capturing a wide range of patient experiences, but their measurement properties were weak. Research is required to develop and validate a generic instrument for assessing quality of multiprofessional primary care.

Trial registration
Not applicable.
How do general practitioners handle couple relationship problems in consultations? A focus group study
Authors: Berge Siri D , Brekke Mette , Meland Eivind , Mildestvedt Thomas 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Background
Couple relationship problems are common and associated with health problems. The aim of this study was to explore general practitioners’ (GPs’) experiences, expectations, and educational needs when dealing with couple relationship problems in consultations.

Methods
We conducted an exploratory qualitative study by carrying out 3 semistructured focus group interviews with 18 GPs. We used systematic text condensation for the analyses.

Results
Participants shared their experiences of handling couple relationship problems in consultations. Three main themes emerged: (i) pragmatic case-finding: golden opportunities to reveal patients’ couple relationship problems; (ii) conceptual and role confusion; (iii) professional competence and personal experience. While issues in relationships could serve as an explanation for relevant clinical problems, some GPs questioned whether relationship issues are strictly medical. All participants had engaged in individual supportive therapy, but none saw themselves as therapists. The interviews revealed that an individual supportive focus might lead to a consolidation of 1 partner’s view, rather than challenging their position. Long-term doctor–patient relationships made it easier to talk about these issues.

Conclusions
This study revealed several paradoxes. GPs are confident in offering individual supportive therapy for couple relationship issues but should be aware of substantial pitfalls such as side-taking and constraining change. Despite dealing with relationship problems, GPs do not see themselves as therapists. They use professional and personal experience but would benefit from increasing their skills in cognitive restructuring promoting behavioural flexibility facing relationship problems.
Timing of Eocene compressional plate failure during subduction initiation, northern Zealandia, southwestern Pacific
Authors: Stratford W R , Sutherland R , Dickens G R , Blum P , Collot J , Gurnis M , Saito S , BordenaveG A , Etienne S J G , Agnini C , Alegret L , Asatryan G , Bhattacharya J , Chang L , Cramwinckel M J , Dallanave E , Drake M K , Giorgioni M , Harper D T , Huang H-H M , Keller A L , Lam A R , Li H , Matsui H , Morgans H E G , Newsam C , Park Y-H , Pascher K M , Pekar S F , Penman D E , Westerhold T , Zhou X 
Published: January 2022

SUMMARY
Rapid onset of subduction tectonics across the western Pacific convergent margins in the early Eocene was followed by a slower phase of margin growth of the proto Tonga-Kermadec subduction system north of Zealandia during a middle Eocene phase to tectonic adjustment. We present new age constraints from International Ocean Discovery Program Expedition 371 borehole data on deformation events in northern Zealandian sediments that document the formation of the convergent margin boundary northwest of New Zealand. The deformation shows a shortening event that lasted up to 20 myr and acted over distances of ∼1000 km inboard of the evolving plate margin, just northwest of New Zealand. Multichannel seismic profiles tied to our new borehole sites show shortening occurred predominantly between 45 Ma and 35 Ma with some deformation related to slope failure continuing into the Oligocene. The termination of shortening is linked to opening of the backarc basins of the southwest Pacific and the migration of the Tonga-Kermadec Trench to the east which may have removed the structural evidence of the Eocene plate margin. Paleogene deformation observed inboard of the evolving proto Tonga-Kermadec subduction system indicates that the lithosphere of northern Zealandia, a region of thin continental crust, was strong enough to act as a stress guide. Compressive stresses that caused intra plate folding and faulting developed behind the initiating subduction system with the finite period of deformation indicating the time frame over which an active convergent margin lay along the northern margin of Zealandia.
Aftershock productivity of intermediate-depth earthquakes in Japan
Authors: Chu S X , Beroza G C 
Published: January 2022

SUMMARY
Intermediate-depth earthquakes occur at temperatures and pressures thought to prohibit brittle fracture and are deficient in aftershocks compared to shallow earthquakes. We search for aftershock sequences of M &gt; 5.5 intermediate-depth earthquakes in two subducting slabs under Japan, and perform a statistical analysis to see if variations in aftershock productivity can be linked to slab properties. Our study regions are the older, colder and steeper Pacific Plate and the younger, warmer, shallower Philippine Sea Plate. We find that productive aftershock sequences behave similarly to those of crustal earthquakes and tend to appear mainly in the Pacific Plate where they are significantly correlated with along-strike variations in VP−VS ratio, suggesting a role for fluids in enabling intermediate-depth aftershock activity.
Identification of the genetic mechanism that associates L3MBTL3 to multiple sclerosis
Authors: Alcina Antonio , Fedetz Maria , Vidal-Cobo Isabel , Andrés-León Eduardo , García-Sánchez Maria-Isabel , Barroso-del-Jesus Alicia , Eichau Sara , Gil-Varea Elia , Luisa-Maria Villar  , Saiz Albert , Leyva Laura , Vandenbroeck Koen , Otaegui David , Izquierdo Guillermo , Comabella Manuel , Urcelay Elena , Matesanz Fuencisla 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex and demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. One of the challenges of the post-genome-wide association studies (GWAS) era is to understand the molecular basis of statistical associations to reveal gene networks and potential therapeutic targets. The L3MBTL3 locus has been associated with MS risk by GWAS. To identify the causal variant of the locus, we performed fine mapping in a cohort of 3440 MS patients and 1688 healthy controls. The variant that best explained the association was rs6569648 (P = 4.13E-10, odds ratio = 0.71, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.64–0.79), which tagged rs7740107, located in intron 7 of L3MBTL3. The rs7740107 (A/T) variant has been reported to be the best expression and splice quantitative trait locus (eQTL and sQTL) of the region in up to 35 human genotype-tissue expression (GTEx) tissues. By sequencing RNA from blood of 17 MS patients and quantification by digital qPCR, we determined that this eQTL/sQTL originated from the expression of a novel short transcript starting in intron 7 near rs7740107. The short transcript was translated into three proteins starting at different translation initiation codons. These N-terminal truncated proteins lacked the region where L3MBTL3 interacts with the transcriptional regulator Recombination Signal Binding Protein for Immunoglobulin Kappa J Region which, in turn, regulates the Notch signalling pathway. Our data and other functional studies suggest that the genetic mechanism underlying the MS association of rs7740107 affects not only the expression of L3MBTL3 isoforms, but might also involve the Notch signalling pathway.
Association with HLA-DRβ1 position 37 distinguishes juvenile dermatomyositis from adult-onset myositis
Authors: Deakin Claire T , Bowes John , Rider Lisa G , Miller Frederick W , Pachman Lauren M , Sanner Helga , Rouster-Stevens Kelly , Mamyrova Gulnara , Curiel Rodolfo , Feldman Brian M , Huber Adam M , Reed Ann M , Schmeling Heinrike , Cook Charlotte G , Marshall Lucy R , Ll Wilkinson Meredyth G , Eyre Stephen , Raychaudhuri Soumya , Wedderburn Lucy R ,   the Juvenile Dermatomyositis Cohort and Biomarker Study, the Childhood Myositis Heterogeneity Study Group, and the Myositis Genetics Consortium (MYOGEN)
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) is a rare, severe autoimmune disease and the most common idiopathic inflammatory myopathy of children. JDM and adult-onset dermatomyositis (DM) have similar clinical, biological and serological features, although these features differ in prevalence between childhood-onset and adult-onset disease, suggesting that age of disease onset may influence pathogenesis. Therefore, a JDM-focused genetic analysis was performed using the largest collection of JDM samples to date. Caucasian JDM samples (n = 952) obtained via international collaboration were genotyped using the Illumina HumanCoreExome chip. Additional non-assayed human leukocyte antigen (HLA) loci and genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were imputed. HLA-DRB1*03:01 was confirmed as the classical HLA allele most strongly associated with JDM [odds ratio (OR) 1.66; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.46, 1.89; P = 1.4 × 10−14], with an independent association at HLA-C*02:02 (OR = 1.74; 95% CI 1.42, 2.13, P = 7.13 × 10−8). Analyses of amino acid positions within HLA-DRB1 indicated that the strongest association was at position 37 (omnibus P = 3.3 × 10−19), with suggestive evidence this association was independent of position 74 (omnibus P = 5.1 × 10−5), the position most strongly associated with adult-onset DM. Conditional analyses also suggested that the association at position 37 of HLA-DRB1 was independent of some alleles of the Caucasian HLA 8.1 ancestral haplotype (AH8.1) such as HLA-DQB1*02:01 (OR = 1.62; 95% CI 1.36, 1.93; P = 8.70 × 10−8), but not HLA-DRB1*03:01 (OR = 1.49; 95% CR 1.24, 1.80; P = 2.24 × 10−5). No associations outside the HLA region were identified. Our findings confirm previous associations with AH8.1 and HLA-DRB1*03:01, HLA-C*02:02 and identify a novel association with amino acid position 37 within HLA-DRB1, which may distinguish JDM from adult DM.
NSD1 mutations deregulate transcription and DNA methylation of bivalent developmental genes in Sotos syndrome
Authors: Brennan Kevin , Zheng Hong , Fahrner Jill A , Shin June Ho , Gentles Andrew J , Schaefer Bradley , Sunwoo John B , Bernstein Jonathan A , Gevaert Olivier 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Sotos syndrome (SS), the most common overgrowth with intellectual disability (OGID) disorder, is caused by inactivating germline mutations of NSD1, which encodes a histone H3 lysine 36 methyltransferase. To understand how NSD1 inactivation deregulates transcription and DNA methylation (DNAm), and to explore how these abnormalities affect human development, we profiled transcription and DNAm in SS patients and healthy control individuals. We identified a transcriptional signature that distinguishes individuals with SS from controls and was also deregulated in NSD1-mutated cancers. Most abnormally expressed genes displayed reduced expression in SS; these downregulated genes consisted mostly of bivalent genes and were enriched for regulators of development and neural synapse function. DNA hypomethylation was strongly enriched within promoters of transcriptionally deregulated genes: overexpressed genes displayed hypomethylation at their transcription start sites while underexpressed genes featured hypomethylation at polycomb binding sites within their promoter CpG island shores. SS patients featured accelerated molecular aging at the levels of both transcription and DNAm. Overall, these findings indicate that NSD1-deposited H3K36 methylation regulates transcription by directing promoter DNA methylation, partially by repressing polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) activity. These findings could explain the phenotypic similarity of SS to OGID disorders that are caused by mutations in PRC2 complex-encoding genes.
Potential effects of management options on marine recreational fisheries – the example of the western Baltic cod fishery
Authors: Haase Kevin , Weltersbach Marc Simon , Lewin Wolf-Christian , Zimmermann Christopher , Strehlow Harry Vincent 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Globally, marine recreational fishing is a popular activity that contributes substantially to fishing mortality for some stocks and therefore should be considered in stock assessments and fisheries management. Using the example of the German western Baltic Sea recreational cod fishery, this study examines the effects of the first-time introduction of a bag limit on a previously largely unregulated marine recreational fishery. Furthermore, the study simulates and compares effects of different bag limits, seasonal closures, minimum length, and harvest slot limits to inform scientists, stakeholders, and managers about alternative management strategies and their potential effects on the fishery. After the first-time introduction of the bag limit, recreational removals decreased more than expected and the fishing participation slightly declined. The simulations showed that management measures adapted to the fishing methods reduced recreational removals but with different effects on cod length distributions and angler welfare. A combination of a high bag limit, seasonal closure and size/slot limits were most suitable for limiting cod removals with minimal impacts on angler welfare. This study demonstrates that recreational fisheries management measures need to be evaluated considering fishing methods and angler preferences before their implementation to avoid unexpected biological, social, and economic consequences.
Norwood procedure for hypoplastic left heart syndrome associated with valvular pulmonary stenosis
Authors: Iwai Shigemitsu , Miwa Koji , Nagashima Toshiaki 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Association between hypoplastic left heart syndrome and valvular pulmonary stenosis is very rare. Severity of valvular pulmonary stenosis in this setting limits management options. Consequently, patients with this condition are considered poor candidates for Norwood stage one reconstruction. Herein, we describe a newborn with hypoplastic left heart syndrome and significantly dysplastic pulmonary valve who successfully underwent the Norwood procedure with neoaortic valve reconstruction. Therefore, the Norwood procedure with neoaortic valve reconstruction might be an option for this difficult condition.
Time-dependent mechanical behaviour of the aortic chronic dissection flap
Authors: Panpho Phakakorn , Yang Ying , Davies Hannah A , Nawaytou Omar , Harky Amer , Torella Francesco , Field Mark , Madine Jillian , Akhtar Riaz 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
The transition of aortic dissection from acute to chronic is poorly understood. We examined time-dependent mechanical behaviour and biochemical properties of chronic dissection tissues.

METHODS
Aorta samples were obtained from 14 patients with mixed aetiology who were undergoing elective surgery for chronic dissected aneurysms, ranging from 3 months to 15 years post-dissection. The tissue elastic modulus and tissue deformation following application of loading for 5 h were measured for the false lumen (FL), true lumen (TL) and flap (FP) tissues with a custom-indentation technique. Collagen, elastin and glycosaminoglycan levels were determined with established biochemical assays. Elastin fragmentation was graded from histological sections. The number of tissues characterized was as follows: FP (n = 10), TL (n = 5 for biomechanical testing, n = 8 for biochemical analysis, n = 8 for histological assessment) and FL (n = 4).

RESULTS
Tissues stiffness was highest in FP [59.8 (14.8) kPa] as compared with TL [50.7 (6.2) kPa] and FL [40.5 (4.7) kPa] (P = 0.023 and P = 0.006, respectively). FP [0.5 (0.08) mm] also exhibited reduced deformation relative to TL [0.7 (0.02) mm] and FL [0.9 (0.08) mm] (P = 0.003 and P = 0.006, respectively), lowest collagen concentration [FP: 40.1 (19.6) µg/mg, TL: 59.9 (19.5) µg/mg, P = 0.008; FL: 79.1 (32.0) µg/mg, P = 0.006] and the lowest collagen: elastin ratio [0.4 (0.1)] relative to the other tissues [TL; 0.6 (0.3), P = 0.006, FL; 1.5 (0.4); P = 0.003]. Significant elastin loss was evident in the FL-stained tissue sections whereas highly aligned, long fibres were visible in the FP and TL. A linear relationship was found between the stiffness, deformation and the time from the dissection event to surgical intervention for the FP. All data are presented as median (interquartile range).

CONCLUSIONS
FP exhibited reduced time-dependent deformation and distinct biochemical properties relative to TL and FL irrespective of connective tissue disorder or the anatomical region of the dissection.
Inhibitory Metaplasticity in Juvenile Stressed Rats Restores Associative Memory in Adulthood by Regulating Epigenetic Complex G9a/GLP
Authors: Raghuraman Radha , Manakkadan Anoop , Richter-Levin Gal , Sajikumar Sreedharan 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Background
Exposure to juvenile stress was found to have long-term effects on the plasticity and quality of associative memory in adulthood, but the underlying mechanisms are still poorly understood.

Methods
Three- to four week-old male Wistar rats were subjected to a 3-day juvenile stress paradigm. Their electrophysiological correlates of memory using the adult hippocampal slice were inspected to detect alterations in long-term potentiation and synaptic tagging and capture model of associativity. These cellular alterations were tied in with the behavioral outcome by subjecting the rats to a step-down inhibitory avoidance paradigm to measure strength in their memory. Given the role of epigenetic response in altering plasticity as a repercussion of juvenile stress, we aimed to chart out the possible epigenetic marker and its regulation in the long-term memory mechanisms using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.

Results
We demonstrate that even long after the elimination of actual stressors, an inhibitory metaplastic state is evident, which promotes synaptic competition over synaptic cooperation and decline in latency of associative memory in the behavioral paradigm despite the exposure to novelty. Mechanistically, juvenile stress led to a heightened expression of the epigenetic marker G9a/GLP complex, which is thus far ascribed to transcriptional silencing and goal-directed behavior.

Conclusions
The blockade of the G9a/GLP complex was found to alleviate deficits in long-term plasticity and associative memory during the adulthood of animals exposed to juvenile stress. Our data provide insights on the long-term effects of juvenile stress that involve epigenetic mechanisms, which directly impact long-term plasticity, synaptic tagging and capture, and associative memory.
Pharmacists’ perceptions and experiences of medicinal cannabis dispensing: A narrative review with a systematic approach
Authors: Sabmeethavorn Que , Bonomo Yvonne Ann , Hallinan Christine Mary 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Medicinal cannabis was introduced with limited understanding of effect, and minimal rigorous evidence supporting efficacy, yet the global demand for medicinal cannabis continues to increase. In Australia, pharmacists remain a key conduit between the prescriber and patient, as most medicinal cannabis products are available only through approved prescriptions. This places pharmacists in a strong position to inform the evolving policy and practice of medicinal cannabis. This review aims to explore pharmacists’ experiences and perceptions on medicinal cannabis in the global context by conducting a narrative review with a systematic approach.

Method
MEDLINE (Ovid), EMBASE, and PubMed were searched on July 2021 using keywords and MeSH terms, with studies independently screened for eligibility. Of 278 identified studies, five met inclusion criteria, and were subjected to thematic synthesis for emergent themes.

Key findings
Whilst pharmacists valued being central to medicinal cannabis access, a repeating theme was that pharmacists perceived they were underprepared when engaging with patients about medicinal cannabis. These perceptions were congruent with their dispensing experiences, as most pharmacists reported patients seeking guidance on medicinal cannabis from them, yet only a small proportion felt comfortable in providing this guidance. Underpinning this was a lack of knowledge and low uptake of educational resources.

Conclusions
Pharmacists are key in providing access to medicinal cannabis, yet they are expected to provide guidance with limited education. These limitations necessitate further investment in ongoing education to pharmacists in countries wishing to involve them in dispensing medicinal cannabis.
Maximal Tori in HH1 and the Fundamental Group
Authors: Briggs Benjamin , Rubio y Degrassi Lleonard 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
We investigate maximal tori in the Hochschild cohomology Lie algebra ${\operatorname {HH}}^1(A)$ of a finite dimensional algebra $A$, and their connection with the fundamental groups associated to presentations of $A$. We prove that every maximal torus in ${\operatorname {HH}}^1(A)$ arises as the dual of some fundamental group of $A$, extending the work by Farkas, Green, and Marcos; de la Peña and Saorín; and Le Meur. Combining this with known invariance results for Hochschild cohomology, we deduce that (in rough terms) the largest rank of a fundamental group of $A$ is a derived invariant quantity, and among self-injective algebras, an invariant under stable equivalences of Morita type. Using this we prove that there are only finitely many monomial algebras in any derived equivalence class of finite dimensional algebras; hitherto this was known only for very restricted classes of monomial algebras.