bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Remimazolam enabled safe anesthetic management during tracheostomy in a patient with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a case report
Authors: Nishihara Noriaki , Tachibana Shunsuke , Ikeshima Mariko , Ino Ayumi , Yamakage Michiaki 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is known to cause generalized muscle atrophy and respiratory complications. Anesthetic agents and methods for patients with ALS are extremely important because they critically influence postoperative outcomes. In this clinical case, we mainly used remimazolam for safe anesthesia management.

Case presentation
A 66-year-old man had a gradual onset of numbness and weakness in his extremities over 2 years. He was diagnosed with ALS after the appearance of dysarthria and restrictive ventilation disorder. Due to the rapid progression of respiratory dysfunction, the patient was placed on artificial respiration, and a tracheostomy was planned. General anesthesia was induced with remimazolam (6 mg/kg/h) and remifentanil (0.5 μg/kg/min). Tracheal intubation was performed without muscle relaxants, followed by total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) with continuous administration of remimazolam 0.8–1.2 mg/kg/h and remifentanil 0.3–0.5 μg/kg/min. At the end of the surgery, the anesthetic effect of remimazolam was reversed with 0.4 mg of flumazenil. The patient was discharged from the operating room with stable breathing, and changes to preoperative ventilator settings were not necessary.

Conclusions
We safely performed tracheostomy for a patient with ALS using remimazolam during general anesthesia.
Application of light emitting diodes (LEDs) for food preservation, post-harvest losses and production of bioactive compounds: a review
Authors: Poonia Amrita , Pandey Surabhi , Vasundhara  
Published: March 2022

AbstractLight-emitting diode (LED) technology is a new non-thermal food preservation method that works by converting light energy into heat. LED has potential to revolutionize crop production, protection and preservation. This technology is economical and environmentally friendly. LEDs have been shown to improve the nutritive quality and shelf life of foods, control the ripening of fruits, induce the synthesis of bioactive compounds and antioxidants and reduce the microbial contamination. This technology also has great scope in countries, where safety, hygiene, storage and distribution of foods are serious issues. While comparing this technology with other lighting technologies, LEDs can bring numerous advantages to food supply chain from farm to fork. In case of small growing amenities which exploit only LEDs, energy expenditure has been successfully reduced while producing nutritious food. LEDs can be used to give us better understanding and control over production and preservation of food with relation to spectral composition of light. LEDs also play significant role in food safety by inactivating the food borne pathogens. Therefore, LED lighting is a very effective and promising technology for extending shelf life of agricultural produce by increasing disease resistance and with increased nutritional values.
Graphical abstract
The Rise of the Expert Patient in Cancer: From Backseat Passenger to Co-navigator
Authors: Anampa-Guzmán Andrea , Freeman-Daily Janet , Fisch Michael , Lou Emil , Pennell Nathan A. , Painter Corrie A. , Sparacio Dorinda , Lewis Mark A. , Karmo Maimah , Anderson Patricia F. , Graff Stephanie L. ,   for the Collaboration for Outcomes using Social Media in Oncology
Published: March 2022

PURPOSE: Patients who have cancer have leveraged the Internet to gain a better understanding of their disease and connect across geographic boundaries with others facing the same challenges. Online cancer communities have developed into resources that highlight new research and evolving care pathways. Combined with increasing health literacy and social media, they have enabled some patients to become experts in their cancer. This combination of empowerment and expertise describes the new “e-patients.” METHODS: We reviewed the literature to identify key areas where expert e-patients have directly participated in advancing cancer medicine, as well as opportunities available to those who wish to become more involved in research advocacy. RESULTS: E-patients are widely acknowledged as key stakeholders in oncology by clinicians, researchers, cancer centers, government agencies, and nonprofits. Their input is vital for informing cancer care delivery, developing and launching research initiatives, creating care guidelines and pathways, and formulating policy. CONCLUSION: Expert e-patients play an expanded role in their own care and in larger conversations regarding practice, research, and policy. Clinicians can engage e-patients as partners in cancer care as we work together towards improving health care access and outcomes for people with cancer.
Farming the Desert: Agriculture in the World War II–Era Japanese-American Relocation Centers
Authors: LILLQUIST KARL 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In 1942 over 110,000 Japanese Americans were evacuated from the West Coast to ten inland, barbed wire-enclosed relocation centers in the name of national security. Agriculture was a key component of the eight arid to semiarid centers located in the western United States. Each center’s agricultural program included produce for human consumption, feed crops, and livestock. Some centers also grew seed, ornamental, and war crops. Evacuees raised and consumed five types of livestock and sixty-one produce varieties, including many traditional foods. Seasonal surpluses were preserved, shipped to other centers, or sold on the open market. Short growing seasons, poor soils, initially undeveloped lands, pests, equipment shortages, and labor issues hampered operations. However, imprisoned evacuee farmers proved that diverse agricultural programs could succeed in the harsh settings primarily because of labor-intensive farming methods, ingenuity, and the large markets provided by the centers. These agricultural programs played major roles in feeding, providing meaningful employment, and preparing evacuees for life outside the centers, and readied lands for post-war "homesteaders."
Neurosurgical Performance in the First 2 Years of Merit-Based Incentive Payment System: A Descriptive Analysis and Predictors of Receiving Bonus Payments
Authors: Neifert Sean N. , Cho Logan D. , Gal Jonathan S. , Martini Michael L. , Shuman William H. , Chapman Emily K. , Monterey Michael , Oermann Eric K. , Caridi John M. 
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND:
The merit-based incentive payment system (MIPS) program was implemented to tie Medicare reimbursements to value-based care measures. Neurosurgical performance in MIPS has not yet been described.

OBJECTIVE:
To characterize neurosurgical performance in the first 2 years of MIPS.

METHODS:
Publicly available data regarding MIPS performance for neurosurgeons in 2017 and 2018 were queried. Descriptive statistics about physician characteristics, MIPS performance, and ensuing payment adjustments were performed, and predictors of bonus payments were identified.

RESULTS:
There were 2811 physicians included in 2017 and 3147 in 2018. Median total MIPS scores (99.1 vs 90.4, P < .001) and quality scores (97.9 vs 88.5, P < .001) were higher in 2018 than in 2017. More neurosurgeons (2758, 87.6%) received bonus payments in 2018 than in 2017 (2013, 71.6%). Of the 2232 neurosurgeons with scores in both years, 1347 (60.4%) improved their score. Reporting through an alternative payment model (odds ratio [OR]: 32.3, 95% CI: 16.0-65.4; P < .001) and any practice size larger than 10 (ORs ranging from 2.37 to 10.2, all P < .001) were associated with receiving bonus payments. Increasing years in practice (OR: 0.99; 95% CI: 0.982-0.998, P = .011) and having 25% to 49% (OR: 0.72; 95% CI: 0.53-0.97; P = .029) or ≥50% (OR: 0.48; 95% CI: 0.28-0.82; P = .007) of a physician's patients eligible for Medicaid were associated with lower rates of bonus payments.

CONCLUSION:
Neurosurgeons performed well in MIPS in 2017 and 2018, although the program may be biased against surgeons who practice in small groups or take care of socially disadvantaged patients.
Los félidos y su rol en la pandemia de COVID-19
Authors: FACELLI-FERN´ANDEZ María Celeste , FACELLI-FERN´ANDEZ Florencia Martín , PALAVECINO Cintia , BELOTTI Eduardo M. 
Published: March 2022

A finales de diciembre de 2019 emergió una neumonía inusual en humanos en Wuhan, China, la cual es causada por un coronavirus (CoV) denominado SARS-CoV-2. Las infecciones por coronavirus son frecuentes en animales y humanos, siendo algunas cepas zoonóticas. Tanto los félidos domésticos (Felis silvestris catus) como los silvestres parecen ser altamente susceptibles a la infección por SARS-CoV-2, y transmiten la infección a otros félidos. En estas especies, el virus se replica principalmente en las vías respiratorias superiores. La transmisión respiratoria estaría mediada por microgotas o aerosoles, y está vinculada principalmente a contactos estrechos entre animales y humanos en ambientes cerrados o confinados. Los félidos desarrollan títulos de anticuerpos neutralizantes y son resistentes a la reinfección. Pese a la potencial transmisión inicial en Wuhan, hasta la fecha no hay evidencia sólida de trasmisión natural de animales a humanos, a excepción de lo observado en visones. Se recomienda mantener en el interior de las viviendas a los animales cuyos propietarios están infectados por el virus de la COVID-19, así como también a los animales con infección presunta o confirmada por SARS-CoV-2.
The Four Stages of Social Impacts among Ningxia China Students Studying in Malaysia
Authors: Zhang Rui 
Published: March 2022

The study investigated the learning experiences and the adaptation process among China international students studying abroad in Malaysia. The paper aims to highlight how the four stages of shocks, adjustment, responses and outcomes affected significantly on their social life in a Malaysian setting. The study employed a qualitative paradigm where a total of ten participants were interviewed. A set of semi-structured questions was used during the interviews. Interviews were transcribed. Coding and constant comparison were adopted during data analysis. The findings show the sub-themes of culture shocks, the major adjustments such as assimilating of living habits, the overwhelmed responses as the students began to reaffirm their assumptions and the meaningful outcomes were a change in the world view which enabled them to function effectively. The results yielded from this study contributed significantly towards the knowledge of study abroad and internationalisation. Thus, this implies that to able to succeed while studying abroad, it is important to understand the comprehensive adaptation process caused by the four stages of social impacts among the students in a local setting.
Kontaktlos Kennenlernen
Authors: Roth Philip , Göbel Laura 
Published: March 2022

Zusammenfassung
Persönliche Beziehungen in interorganisationalen Projekten sind entscheidend für ihren Erfolg. In Anbetracht ihrer Bedeutung wurde die Entwicklung dieser Beziehungen ausführlich untersucht und verschiedene zugrundeliegende Mechanismen herausgearbeitet. Unklar ist aber bisher, inwiefern diese Mechanismen greifen, wenn die Zusammenarbeit virtuell erfolgt. Die wenigen vergleichenden Untersuchungen weisen bisher lediglich darauf hin, dass ein Mangel an Face-to-face-Kontakt Beziehungsbildung erschwert. Deshalb untersuchen wir die Folgen von Virtualisierung systematisch. Dazu haben wir die Formation von 176 persönlichen Beziehungen aus drei interorganisationalen Projekten in qualitativen Interviews rekonstruiert. Indem wir die Beziehungsformationsprozesse vor und nach der Covid-19-bedingten Kontaktbeschränkung miteinander vergleichen, zeigen wir detailliert, wie sich die Mechanismen infolge der Virtualisierung verändern. Darüber hinaus identifizieren wir spezifische Beziehungsformations-Effekte der Pandemie.
MANAJEMEN E-LEARNING MAHASISWA FAKULTAS TARBIYAH DAN KEGURUAN UIN IMAM BONJOL PADANG SELAMA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Vadhillah Syukra , Utama Hendri Budi 
Published: March 2022

This research was conducted because E-learning was carried out in an impromptu manner without being planned from the principles of the faculty. Various responses from lecturers and students emerged. Therefore, research is needed to find out about online college management at the Tarbiyah and Kezuruan Faculty, Imam Bonjol University, Padang. The method used in this research is qualitative dereript. The technique used to collect data is in-depth interviews and document study. While the data source is the vice dean of the academic field, the elder/study program secretary and the designer. Haril's research shows that E-learning is carried out to replace conventional lectures to look up covid-19, carried out on a predetermined schedule using whatsapp, zoom, e-mail, google classroom, closed facebook groups. E-learning conducted in the form of faalitated E-learning The lecturer always received direction from the leadership. The obstacle is that students have difficulty in obtaining a network. For monitoring, each lecturer must report the E-learning that is carried out and there are some lecturers who report online lectures but are directly reprimanded by the leadership.
Prevalence of dry eye among paramedical students of Teerthankar Mahaveer University, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Bano Razia , Yadav Rakesh , Dubey Gaurav , Adak Pinaki , Gupta Deepak , Shahid Yasmeen , Ali Jamshed , Kamat Om Shankar , Deb Paramita 
Published: March 2022

Background: The prevalence of dry eye is 32% in India which is higher than global prevalence. Dry eye is not a disease but a symptom complex occurring as a deficiency and abnormalities of the tear film. Dry eye infection (DED) is perhaps the most pervasive visual sickness on the planet. The point of our investigation was to acquire the pooled pervasiveness of DED in students and investigate its expected relates. Methods: It was a cross-sectional questionnaire-based qualitative and observational study was conducted among the students of the paramedical college of Teerthankar Mahaveer university. The pre-validated questionnaire was divided into three main sections involving the demographic data including the information about gender, age, students studying stream in the second section the questions about general health and question related to dryness in the eye. Results: Out of a total of 40 participants, 65% (26) were male and 35% (35) were female with the average age of the participants was 21.40 with the average age 21.40. During day how often feeling dryness for this we got the responses of 15% (06) for never, 82.50% (33) for some time and 2.50% (01). Further we have assessed the about dryness in their eyes by presenting the question During day how often feeling dryness for this we got the responses of 15% (06) for never, 82.50% (33) for some time and 2.50% (01). Concussions: The finding that dry eye symptoms are particularly common in young adults is concerning, and warrants further study.
A Educação Brasileira e a Influência do Programa Norte-Americano de Cooperação Técnica Ponto IV na Década de 1950
Authors: De Oliveira Roselia Cristina , De Paiva Marlucia Menezes , De Lima Jailma Maria 
Published: March 2022

Este artigo busca analisar as ações do Programa de Cooperação Técnica e Financeira norte-americano, Ponto IV, e suas implicações na educação brasileira na década de 1950. Esse programa foi implementado em regime de cooperação bilateral entre os governos do Brasil e dos Estados Unidos, através de acordos que fortaleceram as relações entre os dois países ao congregar metas governamentais e visar o desenvolvimento social e econômico em diferentes áreas estratégicas. Para entender como e em que medida se deu a influência do Programa de Cooperação norte-americano na educação, fizemos uso do conceito de hegemonia de Gramsci (1999) e da ideia de “zona de contato” formulada por Gilbert Joseph (2006), e observamos o espaço e a configuração das relações estabelecidas no contexto da Guerra Fria. Encontramos aporte no corpus documental da Embaixada do Brasil, do Ministério da Educação e do Departamento de Estado norte-americano. No tocante aos resultados da pesquisa, identificamos um determinado padrão de influência na área da educação, relacionado à formação profissional no ensino técnico, industrial e primário, bem como o intercâmbio de estudantes e profissionais brasileiros em universidades dos Estados Unidos. Entendemos o contexto internacional de inserção do Programa Ponto IV e o relacionamos com a política de desenvolvimento nacional, o que possibilitou compreender as diretrizes do programa ao considerar as contrapartidas dos acordos e suas consequências para a educação, que desvelam as relações internacionais e a intencionalidade dos Estados Unidos em aplicar o Ponto IV na América Latina e particularmente no Brasil.Palavras-chave: História; Educação; Cooperação Técnica; Influência norte-americana.
Jenis-jenis Objek Ekowisata dan Peran Kelompok Sadar Wisata (Pokdarwis) Nglanggeran dalam Pengelolaan Ekowisata di Desa Wisata Nglanggeran Kabupaten Gunungkidul
Authors: Rofiq Muhammad Rozzaq , Prananta Rebecha 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT
Nglanggeran Tourism Village is a tourism village that has successfully implemented the ecotourism concept because when tourists are in Nglanggeran Tourism Village, they don't just come, take photos and go home, but can enjoy the beauty of nature, learn about nature, culture and mingle with local communities. Nglanggeran Tourism Village has excellent tourist attractions, namely Purba Volcano, Nglanggeran Embung, Kedung Kandang Waterfall, Puncak Kampung Pitu, Goat milk products and Nglanggeran specialty chocolate products. Nglanggeran Tourism Village also has various tours such as education tourism, culture tourism, adventure tourism, agro tourism and green tourism. All of these tours aim to allow tourists to mingle with nature, the local community and the culture of Nglanggeran Village. All tourist objects owned by Nglanggeran Village cannot be separated from the Tourism Awareness Group (POKDARWIS) which is the spearhead of the development of a tourist village, and all of its management is local people.Keywords: Ecotourism, Local Community, Nglanggeran Village Culture, Tourism Awareness Group (POKDARWIS), Tourism Objects
Case Reports on Severe Antituberculosis-Drug Induced Hepatotoxicity in Tuberculosis Patients: The Post-Incidence Therapy
Authors: Basir Nasrawati , Yusrini Djabir Yulia , Santoso Arif 
Published: March 2022

Introduction: The first-line regimen for tuberculosis (TB) treatment comprises Isoniazid, Rifampicin, Pyrazinamide, and Ethambutol. However, these drugs are known to potentially cause hepatotoxicity. This study aimed to evaluate hepatotoxicity incidence in patients during intensive phase of anti-tuberculosis treatment focusing on post-incidence therapy. Methods: The study involved pulmonary TB patients who were admitted to the National Lung Health Center due to hepatotoxicity after receiving fixed-dose combination of antituberculosis drugs (FDC-AT) in September-October 2019. Drug-related hepatotoxicity is defined as an increase in serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) or aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels greater than 2.5 times of the normal upper limit (ULN) with an increase in bilirubin level. Results: There were 8 patients admitted to the center due to hepatotoxicity, 4 of them experienced grade 3 (severe) hepatotoxicity, during which the ALT, AST, bilirubin levels increased 5-10 times of the ULN. The post-hepatotoxicity treatment includes the cessation of FDC-AT treatment followed by hepatoprotective supplements. Following two weeks of treatments, the biomarker levels of two out of four patients went back to normal and the AT therapy was resumed. Meanwhile, the other two patients continued to receive the hepatoprotective therapy for up to 8 weeks. However, when the treatment failed to bring the transaminase level back to normal, a different AT regimen was prescribed. Conclusions: The cessation of FDC-AT and the use of hepatoprotective supplements for two to eight weeks were able to alleviate the AT-induced severe hepatotoxicity. A close monitoring of liver biomarkers is warranted to prevent the incidence of hepatotoxicity in patients receiving antituberculosis
Tissue Segmentation from Whole-Slide Images Using Lightweight Neural Networks
Authors: Frank Steven 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
· Purpose: pathology slides of malignancies are segmented using lightweight convolutional neural networks (CNNs) that may be deployed on mobile devices. · Approach: large whole-slide images are preprocessed to make CNN analysis tractable and also to exclude regions unlikely to be diagnostically relevant. In a training phase, labeled whole-slide histopathology images are first downsampled and decomposed into square tiles. Tiles corresponding to diseased regions are analyzed to determine boundary values of a visual criterion, image entropy. A lightweight CNN is then trained to distinguish tiles of diseased and non-diseased tissue, and if more than one disease type is present, to discriminate among these as well. A segmentation is generated by downsampling and tiling a candidate image, and retaining only those tiles with values of the visual criterion falling within the previously established extrema. The sifted tiles, which now exclude much of the non-diseased image content, are efficiently and accurately classified by the trained CNN. Tiles classified as diseased tissue -- or in the case of multiple possible subtypes, as the dominant subtype in the tile set -- are combined, either as a simple union or at a pixel level, to produce a segmentation mask or map. · Results and conclusion: this approach was applied successfully to two very different datasets of large whole-slide images, one (PAIP2020) involving multiple subtypes of colorectal cancer and the other (CAMELYON16) single-type breast-cancer metastases. Scored using standard similarity metrics, the segmentations exhibited notably high recall, even when tiles were large relative to tumor features, and outperformed more complex models typifying the state of the art.
Effect of the Covid-19 Pandemic on Progression to Glaucoma Surgery in Patients Followed Up in a Retina Unit
Authors: Gedik Birumut , Erol Muhammet Kazim , Duman Fulya , Dogan Berna , Yavuz Sibel , Suren Elcin , Akidan Melih , Turkoglu Elif Betül 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
IntroductionIn this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of the COVID-19 on progression to glaucoma surgery in patients followed up at the retina unit of the Ophthalmology Outpatient Clinic of Health Sciences University Antalya Training and Research Hospital.MethodsThe patients who were followed up at the retina unit of our hospital. The patients were divided into four groups. This study was retrospective.Results The ratio of the number of patients who underwent glaucoma surgery to the number of those presenting to the retina unit was found to be statistically significantly increased in Group 4 compared to the remaining three groups (p<0.0001 for all). The ratio of the number of patients who were followed up in the retina unit and underwent surgery due to neovascular or silicone oil-induced glaucoma to the total number of patients who presented to the retina unit was statistically significantly increased in Group 4 compared to Groups 1 and 2 (p=0.001 for both). ConclusionThis study is the first to examine the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on progression to glaucoma surgery in patients followed up at the retina unit. We found an increase in the number of patients that required surgery for neovascular or silicone oil-induced glaucoma compared to previous years as a result of not attending regular follow-up at the retina unit due to COVID-19. We consider that inability to apply timely treatments due to the pandemic conditions are effective in this situation.