bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The interdisciplinary fracture liaison service improves health-related outcomes and survival of older adults after hip fracture surgical repair
Authors: Ruggiero Carmelinda , Baroni Marta , Talesa Giuseppe Rocco , Cirimbilli Alessandro , Prenni Valentina , Bubba Valentina , Parretti Luca , Bogini Riccardo , Duranti Giuliana , Caraffa Auro , Boccardi Virginia , Mecocci Patrizia , Rinonapoli Giuseppe 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Summary

Due to the high burden of fragility fractures, we developed an interdisciplinary FLS care pathway for early management and monitoring of older adults discharged from a high-volume trauma center after hip fracture repair. Interdisciplinary FLS effectively improves up to 1-year adherence to treatments for secondary prevention of fragility fractures, reduces health facility admission, and improves long-term survival.

Purpose
To compare adherence to secondary fragility fracture prevention, falls, healthcare facility admissions, and mortality between hip fracture older adults who entered the fracture liaison services pathway of care (FLS-CP) and those managed according to the usual traumatologist model of care (U-CP).

Methods
Prospective observational study enrolling subjects aged ≥ 65 years discharged by high-volume trauma center after hip fracture repair from February 2016 to February 2017, who consecutively entered FLS-CP or U-CP according to their preference and goals.

Results
Compared to U-CP, those in FLS-CP had higher initiation rate and up to 1-year adherence to secondary prevention of fragility fracture, including vitamin D and calcium (87.7% vs 36.9%; p < 0.0001), specific anti-osteoporosis drugs (75.1% vs 8.0%; p < 0.0001), and complete anti-fracture therapy (72.3% vs 5.7%; p < 0.0001). Older adults belonging to FLS-CP showed a lower likelihood of healthcare facility admission (RR 0.597; 95% CI 0.398–0.895; p = 0.0125), with a longer re-hospitalization-free survival (176.4 vs 88.7 days; p = 0.0152) than those in U-CP. One-year incidence of falls and fractures was similar between groups, with a lower tendency of the subjects in the FLS-CP to be multiple fallers (19% vs 34.8%; OR 0.057; 95% CI 0.004–0.876; p = 0.0690). The FLS-CP group experienced a lower 1-year (87.2% vs 74.3%; p = 0.001) and 3-year mortality (67.9% vs 55.6%; p = 0.0245) and a lower adjusted 5-year mortality hazard ratio (50.2% vs 58%; HR = 0.76; 95% CI 0.60; 0.96).

Conclusion
The FLS-CP may improve initiation and adherence to secondary prevention of fragility fractures, reduces healthcare facility admission, and improves long-term survival.
Better Regulation of End-Of-Life Care: A Call For A Holistic Approach
Authors: White Ben P. , Willmott Lindy , Close Eliana 
Published: October 2022

AbstractExisting regulation of end-of-life care is flawed. Problems include poorly-designed laws, policies, ethical codes, training, and funding programs, which often are neither effective nor helpful in guiding decision-making. This leads to adverse outcomes for patients, families, health professionals, and the health system as a whole. A key factor contributing to the harms of current regulation is a siloed approach to regulating end-of-life care. Existing approaches to regulation, and research into how that regulation could be improved, have tended to focus on a single regulatory instrument (e.g., just law or just ethical codes). As a result, there has been a failure to capture holistically the various forces that guide end-of-life care. This article proposes a response to address this, identifying “regulatory space” theory as a candidate to provide the much-needed holistic insight into improving regulation of end-of-life care. The article concludes with practical implications of this approach for regulators and researchers.
Competition in a Mixed-Species Planting with Four Contrasting Tree Species
Authors: Vanclay Jerome K. , Gregorio Nestor O. , Herbohn John L. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMixed-species systems are well-suited to smallholder and community forestry, but reliable evidence regarding and procedures to assess species performance in such systems is scarce. This field trial uses a pair of clinal plots with varying spacing and species composition to gain insights into competition between four species proposed for landscape rehabilitation in the Philippines. We examine the efficiency of this compact clinal trial in revealing growth traits of four species (Paraserianthes falcataria, Pterocarpus indicus, Shorea palosapis, Swietenia macrophylla) in mixed plantings. The use of a size-distance competition index allowed an assessment of the competitive and collaborative influences between four tree species. Within the expected general trend for diameter increment to decline with increasing competition, there were indications thatShorea palosapisis a benign competitor that may stimulate the growth of neighbouring individuals.Paraserianthes falcatariais a strong competitor that is also strongly impacted by competition, especially through antagonistic intraspecific competition.Paraserianthes falcatariaappears well suited as a solitary tree in a field or village, whereasShorea palosapisseems ideal for plantations, in both monoculture and mixed plantings. The clinal spacing and mixture trial, when examined using a size-distance competition index based on diameter increment, revealed useful insights into species performance.Pterocarpus indicusexhibits strong intraspecific, but low inter-specific competition, so appears well-suited for polyculture plantings. Of the four species trialled,Swietenia macrophyllaappears to be best-suited as a monoculture species as it exhibits the lowest intraspecific competition.
Turtle barnacles have been turtle riders for more than 30 million years
Authors: Collareta Alberto , Rasser Michael W. , Frey Eberhard , Harzhauser Mathias 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn contrast to other kinds of biological interactions, symbiosis is a scarcely investigated aspect of the fossil record. This is largely due to taphonomic biases that often frustrate any attempt to make a strong case that two organisms shared an intimate association in life. Among extant marine vertebrates, the sea turtles (Cheloniidae and Dermochelyidae) bear a broad and diverse spectrum of epibiotic symbionts, including specialists such as the turtle barnacles (Chelonibiidae and Platyleapadidae). Here, we reappraise an early Oligocene (Rupelian) fossil cheloniid skeleton, featuring the remains of cirripedes on the exterior of its entoplastron, from the Rauenberg fossil-lagerstätte, southwestern Germany. The barnacle specimens are assigned to Protochelonibia melleni, an extinct protochelonibiine species and the geologically oldest known member of Chelonibiidae. In the light of taphonomic and palaeoenvironmental considerations, and given that the extant chelonibiids are mostly known as epizoic symbionts of sea turtles, we conclude that this unique fossil association resulted from the epizoic growth of the barnacles on the external surface of the plastron of the turtle during its lifetime. This remarkable fossil association provides evidence that chelonibiids, including the extinct protochelonibiines, have been chelonophilic epizoans for more than 30 Myr. A survey of the trace and body fossil records shows that platylepadids are also likely as old as the Rupelian as is their symbiotic association with cheloniid hosts. This early emergence of the modern-looking, turtle-dwelling barnacle lineages corresponds to a climate-driven phase of major radiation and taxonomic turnover among sea turtles at the Eocene–Oligocene transition.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Improvement of seismic data quality and recognition of fault discontinuities through seismic data conditioning applications: a case study of Issaran oil field, Gulf of Suez, Egypt
Authors: Isaac David Boles , Abu El Ata Ahmed Sayed 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObtaining high-quality seismic imaging in shallow heterogeneous carbonate reservoirs with complicated structural regimes, such as the Issaran field, is difficult. Issaran field is a heavy oil shallow heterogeneous fractured carbonate reservoirs located in the Gulf of Suez of Egypt. It has many geological factors that affect image quality and pose numerous challenges. In addition, the seismic data was acquired more than 12 years ago, with narrow azimuth and short offsets. As a result, the fault zones are not sharply defined. Furthermore, the seismic data was processed about 10 years ago. The signal-to-noise ratio is relatively poor due to the random and coherent noises. A robust data conditioning workflow for noise suppression and fault discontinuity sharpening is used to improve the post-stack seismic data quality. In this context, a steering dataset was generated, and a dip-steered median filter (DSMF), a dip-steered diffusion filter, and a fault enhancement filter (FEF) were applied to sharpen the discontinuities. Structural attributes were evaluated, to investigate how the newly applied data conditioning affects the clarity of fault patterns. Furthermore, multiple physical attributes were extracted, including instantaneous phase, instantaneous frequency, and RMS amplitude to better understand the reservoir stratigraphic heterogeneity. The application of DSMF is useful in removing the residual random noises. The FEF-similarity attribute revealed small-scale faults with a 50-foot vertical throw. The physical attributes proved that the Issaran carbonate facies is controlled by structure. Moreover, the RMS amplitude attribute helped in distinguishing between porous and non-porous dolomite facies. As imaging quality has significantly improved, the applied seismic data conditioning workflow is beneficial for the field development in Issaran field. It is also suggested that this data conditioning workflow be applied in other heterogeneous carbonate reservoirs with complex structures around the world.
Nanomilling-driven volumetric changes in multiparticulate As4S4-bearing nanocomposites recognized with a help of annihilating positrons
Authors: Oleh Shpotyuk , Adam Ingram , Yaroslav Shpotyuk , Zdenka Lukáčová Bujňáková , Peter Baláž 
Published: October 2022

AbstractEmploying positron annihilation lifetime (PAL) spectroscopy, nanomilling-driven volumetric changes driven are identified in multiparticulate nanocomposites of As4S4–ZnS–Fe3O4 system, considered in transitions between their respective hierarchical derivatives from triparticulate (1⋅As4S4/4⋅ZnS/1⋅Fe3O4) to biparticulate (1⋅As4S4/1⋅Fe3O4, 1⋅As4S4/4⋅ZnS) and monoparticulate (As4S4) ones. Unconstrained three-component PAL spectra of nanocomposites are parameterized in terms of positron-Ps trapping conversion obeying x3-x2-CDA (coupling decomposition algorithm). Coexistence of nanocrystalline nc-β-As4S4 and amorphous a-AsS phase is shown to be crucial feature of these nanocomposites, the latter being generated continuously due to reamorphization of initial disordered phase and/or vitrification of nc-β-As4S4 phase. The inverse positron-to-Ps trapping conversion prevails in transition from biparticulate (1⋅As4S4/1⋅Fe3O4) and monoparticulate (As4S4) nanocomposites (both dominated by trapping in As4S4-bearing sub-system) to triparticulate (1⋅As4S4/4⋅ZnS/1⋅Fe3O4) one, disappeared positron traps being vacancy defects in a-As–S matrix, and Ps-decay sites formed instead being triple junctions between amorphized nc-β-As4S4 grains. The normal Ps-to-positron-trapping conversion prevails in transition from biparticulate (1⋅As4S4/4⋅ZnS) nanocomposite dominated by positron trapping in ZnS sub-system to triparticulate (1⋅As4S4/4⋅ZnS/1⋅Fe3O4) one, disappeared Ps-decay sites being triple junctions between amorphized nc-β-As4S4 grains, and positron traps formed instead being vacancy-type defects in the packing of the finest ZnS crystallites (~ 2–3 nm).
Optimal tool design in micro-milling of difficult-to-machine materials
Authors: O’Toole Lorcan , Fang Feng-Zhou 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe limitations of significant tool wear and tool breakage of commercially available fluted micro-end mill tools often lead to ineffective and inefficient manufacturing, while surface quality and geometric dimensions remain unacceptably poor. This is especially true for machining of difficult-to-machine (DTM) materials, such as super alloys and ceramics. Such conventional fluted micro-tool designs are generally down scaled from the macro-milling tool designs. However, simply scaling such designs from the macro to micro domain leads to inherent design flaws, such as poor tool rigidity, poor tool strength and weak cutting edges, ultimately ending in tool failure. Therefore, in this article a design process is first established to determine optimal micro-end mill tool designs for machining some typical DTM materials commonly used in manufacturing orthopaedic implants and micro-feature moulds. The design process focuses on achieving robust stiffness and mechanical strength to reduce tool wear, avoid tool chipping and tool breakage in order to efficiently machine very hard materials. Then, static stress and deflection finite element analysis (FEA) is carried out to identify stiffness and rigidity of the tool design in relation to the maximum deformations, as well as the Von Mises stress distribution at the cutting edge of the designed tools. Following analysis and further optimisation of the FEA results, a verified optimum tool design is established for micro-milling DTM materials. An experimental study is then carried out to compare the optimum tool design to commercial tools, in regards to cutting forces, tool wear and surface quality.
Benefits of dual-release hydrocortisone treatment on central adiposity and health-related quality of life in secondary adrenal insufficiency
Authors: Gasco V. , Giannelli J. , Campioni L. , Arvat E. , Ghigo E. , Grottoli S. , Maccario M. , Giordano R. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Patients with secondary adrenal insufficiency (SAI) have an increased morbidity and an impaired health-related quality of life (HRQoL), which seems to primarily depend on the sub-optimal replacement of hypoadrenalism with standard glucocorticoid (GC) therapy, and on the inadequate correction of other associated pituitary deficiencies. A dual-release hydrocortisone (DR-HC) formulation has shown to exert positive effects on morbidity and HRQoL, mainly in patients with primary adrenal insufficiency. We assessed the variations of anthropometric and metabolic parameters and HRQoL in patients with SAI after switching from cortisone acetate (CA) or hydrocortisone (HC) to DR-HC.

Methods
Twenty-one patients (17 M, 4 F) treated with CA (n = 16; 25 mg/day twice a day) or HC (n = 5; 20 mg/day three times a day), were evaluated for waist circumference, BMI, fasting glucose, HbA1c, insulin, HOMA-IR index, serum lipids, electrolytes, blood pressure and HRQoL at baseline, at 3, 6 and 12 months after switching from CA/HC to DR-HC.

Results
The study showed a significant reduction of waist circumference and BMI (p = 0.04, for both), after 3 and 6months of DR-HC treatment, respectively. No significant changes were observed for fasting glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR index, HbA1c, total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL cholesterol, electrolytes, and blood pressure. However, HDL cholesterol significantly decreased (p = 0.003). An improvement of AddiQoL total score was observed during DR-HC treatment (p = 0.01), mainly for the category “emotions”. No predictors resulted for these changes.

Conclusion
DR-HC treatment provides some benefits in patients with SAI, reducing central adiposity and improving HRQoL; however, worsening of HDL cholesterol is observed during treatment with DR-HC.
Dynamic multi-objective sequence-wise recommendation framework via deep reinforcement learning
Authors: Zhang Xiankun , Shang Yuhu , Ren Yimeng , Liang Kun 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSequence-wise recommendation, where recommend exercises to each student step by step, is one of the most exciting tasks in the field of intelligent tutoring systems (ITS). It is important to develop a personalized sequence-wise recommendation framework that immerses students in learning and helps them acquire as much necessary knowledge as possible, rather than merely focusing on providing non-mastered exercises, which is referred to optimize a single objective. However, due to the different knowledge levels of students and the large scale of exercise banks, it is difficult to generate a personalized exercise recommendation for each student. To fully exploit the multifaceted beneficial information collected from e-learning platforms, we design a dynamic multi-objective sequence-wise recommendation framework via deep reinforcement learning, i.e., DMoSwR-DRL, which automatically select the most suitable exercises for each student based on the well-designed domain-objective rewards. Within this framework, the interaction between students and exercises can be explicitly modeled by integrating the actor–critic network and the state representation component, which can greatly help the agent perform effective reinforcement learning. Specifically, we carefully design a state representation module with dynamic recurrent mechanism, which integrates concept information and exercise difficulty level, thus generating a continuous state representation of the student. Subsequently, a flexible reward function is designed to simultaneously optimize the four domain-specific objectives of difficulty, novelty, coverage, and diversity, providing the students with a trade-off sequence-wise recommendation. To set up the online evaluation, we test DMoSwR-DRL on a simulated environment which can model qualitative development of knowledge level and predicts their performance for a given exercise. Comprehensive experiments are conducted on four classical exercise-answer datasets, and the results show the effectiveness and advantages of DMoSwR-DRL in terms of recommendation quality.
Argumentation Reasoning with Graph Isomorphism Networks for Reddit Conversation Analysis
Authors: Alsinet Teresa , Argelich Josep , Béjar Ramón , Gibert Daniel , Planes Jordi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe automated analysis of different trends in online debating forums is an interesting tool for sampling the agreement between citizens in different topics. In previous work, we have defined computational models to measure different values in these online debating forums. One component in these models has been the identification of the set of accepted posts by an argumentation problem that characterizes this accepted set through a particular argumentation acceptance semantics. A second component is the classification of posts into two groups: the ones that agree with the root post of the debate, and the ones that disagree with it. Once we compute the set of accepted posts, we compute the different measures we are interested to get from the debate, as functions defined over the bipartition of the posts and the set of accepted posts. In this work, we propose to explore the use of graph neural networks (GNNs), based on graph isomorphism networks, to solve the problem of computing these measures, using as input the debate tree, instead of using our previous argumentation reasoning system. We focus on the particular online debate forum Reddit, and on the computation of a measure of the polarization in the debate. We explore the use of two different approaches: one where a single GNN model computes directly the polarization of the debate, and another one where the polarization is computed using two different GNNs: the first one to compute the accepted posts of the debate, and the second one to compute the bipartition of the posts of the debate. Our results over a set of Reddit debates show that GNNs can be used to compute the polarization measure with an acceptable error, even if the number of layers of the network is bounded by a constant. We observed that the model based on a single GNN shows the lowest error, yet the one based on two GNNs has more flexibility to compute additional measures from the debates. We also compared the execution time of our GNN-based models with a previous approach based on a distributed algorithm for the computation of the accepted posts, and observed a better performance.
The US chamber and chambers of commerce respond to Black Lives Matter: Cheap talk, progressive neoliberalism, or transformative change?
Authors: Kinderman Daniel 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis article examines the responses of the US Chamber of Commerce and state- and local-level chambers of commerce to Black Lives Matter (BLM). The US Chamber of Commerce's Equality of Opportunity Initiative stresses the business case for racial equity and the economic benefits that can be attained by overcoming race-related inequalities. Many chambers are adopting racially progressive positions, often at some cost to themselves. This article contributes a typology of stances and actions and draws on interviews with American business leaders to characterize American business organization responses to BLM. There is some movement beyond a progressive neoliberal vision of nondiscrimination to acknowledge that it is necessary to “level the playing field.” And the Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion (DEI) initiatives of state- and regional-level chambers suggest that they are making genuine and, in some cases, bold and meaningful attempts to advance the cause of racial equity. The evidence suggests that popular mobilization and social pressure following George Floyd's brutal murder played a critical role in enabling this progress. However, the parallels and similarities between current chamber and business DEI efforts and business stances in the tumultuous 1960s and 1970s raise the question: Can current efforts succeed where previous efforts have failed?
ON DOUBLE-MEMBERSHIP GRAPHS OF MODELS OF ANTI-FOUNDATION
Authors: ADAM-DAY BEA , HOWE JOHN , MENNUNI ROSARIO 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe answer some questions about graphs that are reducts of countable models of Anti-Foundation, obtained by considering the binary relation of double-membership
$x\in y\in x$
. We show that there are continuum-many such graphs, and study their connected components. We describe their complete theories and prove that each has continuum-many countable models, some of which are not reducts of models of Anti-Foundation.
CLIMATIC OSCILLATIONS DURING MIS 3–2 RECORDED IN SETS OF 14C AND OSL DATES—A STUDY BASED ON DATA FROM POLAND
Authors: Michczyńska Danuta J , Dzieduszyńska Danuta A , Petera-Zganiacz Joanna , Wachecka-Kotkowska Lucyna , Krzyszkowski Dariusz , Wieczorek Dariusz , Ludwikowska-Kędzia Małgorzata , Gębica Piotr , Starkel Leszek 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACTTerrestrial environments tend to be characterized by an incomplete record of past conditions. For the MIS 3–2 periods, there is only one known site in Poland—Horoszki Duże—in which a probably continuous record of climate change has been preserved. However, this site does not have any high precision multi-proxy analyses. In the absence of continuous high-resolution records, we decided to gather and analyze scattered information. We assembled data originating from various sites in Poland and checked whether the available results of 14C and luminescence dating presented in the form of probability density distributions (PDF) and kernel density estimation (KDE) models would allow their reinterpretation. The data were compared to the Greenland isotope curve to see whether they were consistent with the hypothesis that the number of “warming-cooling” cycles recorded in the examined sediments was of the same order as in those ice-core records. Previously in Poland, usually only two interstadial periods (i.e., Hengelo and Denekamp, 36–38.6 and 28–32 14C kBP, respectively) have been identified in the discussed period. The joint analysis of data from a larger area revealed more warming-cooling events than recorded from individual sites.