bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improved Random Grid-based Cheating Prevention Visual Cryptography Using Latin Square
Authors: Sun Sophie C. C. , Zhao Yongkang , Fu Fang-Wei , Ren Yawei 
Published: August 2022

Visual cryptography scheme is a method of encrypting secret image into
n
noiselike shares. The secret image can be reconstructed by stacking adequate shares. In the past two decades, many schemes have been proposed to realize the cheating prevention visual cryptography scheme (CPVCS). Significantly, Ren et al. [
9
] first introduced the idea of CPVCS with the help of Latin square. Inspired by their work, in this article, a new reliable scheme is proposed. More precisely, to facilitate the certification process, we embed meaningful characters into the randomly chosen authentication patterns in each divided blocks. Furthermore, we fix the security vulnerability in the stacked results of share

S
g

and verification

Ver
g

, where 1≤
g
≤
n
. Since the improved scheme encrypts the secret image by utilizing random grids, the generated shares have no pixel expansion. Finally, theoretical analysis and experimental results are conducted to evaluate the efficiency and security of the proposed scheme.
Comparison of the Wearable Mobile Laser Scanner (WMLS) with Other Point Cloud Data Collection Methods in Cultural Heritage: A Case Study of Diokaisareia
Authors: Ulvi Ali , Yiğit Abdurahman Yasin 
Published: August 2022

For the protection of cultural heritage, modern techniques have been used alongside traditional methods in recent years. In addition to two modern measurement techniques (Unmanned aerial vehicle photogrammetry and terrestrial laser scanner) that have been the subject of much research as a three-dimensional (3D) data collection technique for the documentation of cultural heritage, theWearable Mobile Laser Scanner (WMLS)technique has also recently been included in the research. Especially in cultural heritage documentation, it is essential to obtain accurate and precise data as well as fast and high-quality data. This study includes the visual and statistical comparison of the WMLS measurement method, which enables fast data collection, working with thesimultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM)algorithm, in terms of accuracy and precision. To assess the accuracy of the three measurement approaches, eighteen (18)checkpoints (ChP)considered absolute values were measured using total-station techniques. With these data, theroot means square error (RMSE)of each point were determined according to all three measurement techniques, and the directional and statistical errors were calculated. As a result of this research, while the terrestrial laser scanner method with an RMSE of 0.8 cm provides the best value, the RMSE of 2.64 cm and 4.92 cm was calculated in unmanned aerial vehicle photogrammetry and WMLS methods, respectively. At the end of the study, theories and limitations were taken into consideration for all three approaches. It was observed that the obtained accuracy of all three provide the measurement principles of cultural heritage and that a modern measurement tool such as WMLS was a significant innovation.
The Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio and the Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio as Predictors of Mortality in Older Adults Hospitalized with COVID-19 in Peru
Authors: Ortega-Rojas Solangel , Salazar-Talla Leslie , Romero-Cerdán Anthony , Soto-Becerra Percy , Díaz-Vélez Cristian , Urrunaga-Pastor Diego , Maguiña Jorge L. 
Published: August 2022

Background. The prognostic value of the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in patients with COVID-19 is rarely described in older adults. We aimed to estimate the prognostic value of NLR and PLR, determining the mortality of adults over 60 years of age hospitalized for COVID-19 in three hospitals in Peru from March to May 2020. Methods. We performed a secondary analysis of data from a retrospective cohort carried out in Lambayeque, Peru, from March 18 to May 13, 2020. Older adults hospitalized for COVID-19 were included. The outcome variable was in-hospital mortality by all causes, while the exposure variable was the NLR and PLR (categorized in tertiles and numerically, performing a logarithmic transformation). We included sociodemographic variables, comorbidities, vital functions, laboratory markers, and treatment received during hospital stay. We evaluated the association between NLR and PLR using the hazard ratio (HR) in a Cox regression model. We estimated HR with their respective 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). We estimated cumulative/dynamic time-dependent ROC curves and reported area under the curve ROC (AUC-ROC) for 15-, 30-, and 60-day mortality with their respective simultaneous confidence intervals (confidence bands (CB)). Also, we estimated an optimal cut-off point based on the maximally selected rank statistics. Results. A total of 262 hospitalized older adults were analyzed, 71.8% (

n
=
188

) of whom were male with a median age of 70 years (interquartile range: 65-78). The mean NLR and PLR were 16.8 (95% CI: 14.9-18.7; SD: 15.5) and 50.3 (95% CI: 44.6-55.9; SD: 46.3), respectively. The mortality rate was 68.7% (95% CI: 62.7-74.3). The adjusted Cox regression analysis showed that the high NLR (

adjusted

HR

aHR

=
2.12

; 95% CI: 1.43-3.14) and PLR (

aHR
=
1.90

; 95% CI: 1.30-2.79) tertiles were associated with a higher risk of mortality. The maximum AUC-ROC values at 60 days of follow-up for NLR and PLR were 0.713 (95%CB: 0.627-0.800) and 0.697 (95%CB: 0.583-0.754), respectively. Conclusions. The NLR and PLR are predictors of higher risk of mortality, and these results suggest that both could be reliable and practical markers for the identification of older adults at high risk of mortality by COVID-19. NLR and PLR have prognostic value, with an AUC greater than 0.5; however, by themselves, they are weak prognostic markers. It is important to carry out future studies incorporating these two markers into preexisting models or designing new ones considering them.
The Impact of Inflammation-Induced Tumor Plasticity during Myeloid Transformation
Authors: Yeaton Anna , Cayanan Geraldine , Loghavi Sanam , Dolgalev Igor , Leddin Emmett M. , Loo Christian E. , Torabifard Hedieh , Nicolet Deedra , Wang Jingjing , Corrigan Kate , Paraskevopoulou Varvara , Starczynowski Daniel T , Wang Eric , Abdel-Wahab Omar , Viny Aaron D , Stone Richard M. , Byrd John C. , Guryanova Olga A. , Kohli Rahul M. , Cisneros G. Andrés , Tsirigos Aristotelis , Eisfeld Ann-Kathrin , Aifantis Iannis , Guillamot Maria 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Clonal hematopoiesis (CH) is an aging-associated condition characterized by the clonal outgrowth of mutated preleukemic cells. Individuals with CH are at an increased risk of developing hematopoietic malignancies. Here, we describe a novel animal model carrying a recurrent TET2 missense mutation frequently found in patients with CH and leukemia. In a fashion similar to CH, animals show signs of disease late in life when they develop a wide range of myeloid neoplasms, including acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Using single-cell transcriptomic profiling of the bone marrow, we show that disease progression in aged animals correlates with an enhanced inflammatory response and the emergence of an aberrant inflammatory monocytic cell population. The gene signature characteristic of this inflammatory population is associated with poor prognosis in patients with AML. Our study illustrates an example of collaboration between a genetic lesion found in CH and inflammation, leading to transformation and the establishment of blood neoplasms.

Significance:
Progression from a preleukemic state to transformation, in the presence of TET2 mutations, is coupled with the emergence of inflammation and a novel population of inflammatory monocytes. Genes characteristic of this inflammatory population are associated with the worst prognosis in patients with AML. These studies connect inflammation to progression to leukemia.
See related commentary by Pietras and DeGregori, p. 2234 .
This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 2221
Targeting the EIF2AK1 Signaling Pathway Rescues Red Blood Cell Production in SF3B1-Mutant Myelodysplastic Syndromes With Ringed Sideroblasts
Authors: Adema Vera , Ma Feiyang , Kanagal-Shamanna Rashmi , Thongon Natthakan , Montalban-Bravo Guillermo , Yang Hui , Peslak Scott A. , Wang Feng , Acha Pamela , Sole Francesc , Lockyer Pamela , Cassari Margherita , Maciejewski Jaroslaw P. , Visconte Valeria , Gañán-Gómez Irene , Song Yuanbin , Bueso-Ramos Carlos , Pellegrini Matteo , Tan Tuyet M. , Bejar Rafael , Carew Jennifer S. , Halene Stephanie , Santini Valeria , Al-Atrash Gheath , Clise-Dwyer Karen , Garcia-Manero Guillermo , Blobel Gerd A. , Colla Simona 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

SF3B1 mutations, which occur in 20% of patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), are the hallmarks of a specific MDS subtype, MDS with ringed sideroblasts (MDS-RS), which is characterized by the accumulation of erythroid precursors in the bone marrow and primarily affects the elderly population. Here, using single-cell technologies and functional validation studies of primary SF3B1-mutant MDS-RS samples, we show that SF3B1 mutations lead to the activation of the EIF2AK1 pathway in response to heme deficiency and that targeting this pathway rescues aberrant erythroid differentiation and enables the red blood cell maturation of MDS-RS erythroblasts. These data support the development of EIF2AK1 inhibitors to overcome transfusion dependency in patients with SF3B1-mutant MDS-RS with impaired red blood cell production.

Significance:
MDS-RS are characterized by significant anemia. Patients with MDS-RS die from a shortage of red blood cells and the side effects of iron overload due to their constant need for transfusions. Our study has implications for the development of therapies to achieve long-lasting hematologic responses.
This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 476
Islamic Palm-Leaf Manuscripts from Lombok
Authors: van der Meij Dick 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The religious background of manuscripts and texts from Lombok is not always certain. Nevertheless, in view of the overwhelming Muslim population on the island, many texts in manuscripts are inspired by Islam. Most manuscripts in Lombok are written on palm leaves, and these lontar manuscripts used to be kept by the people in great numbers, especially among the Waktu Telu, Muslims who adhere to a local variety of Islam, distinct from mainstream Sunni Islam. Material and non-material aspects of the lontar manuscripts from Lombok are discussed here. Apart from the Sasak inhabitants of Lombok, the Balinese community in West Lombok is also familiar with Muslim texts, and some aspects of the materiality of the lontar manuscripts from both communities containing Islamic texts are discussed here. The examples of the manuscripts highlighted here offer wider insights about these so far ill-studied manuscripts from Lombok in Indonesia.
An Amulet Scroll from Erzurum from August D. Żaba’s Kurdish Collection in the Manuscript Department, National Library of Russia, Kurd. 51
Authors: Omarkhali Khanna 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This article presents an edition, translation, and study of the amulet scroll Kurd. 51 from the Kurdish collection of August D. Żaba that was presented by him to the Manuscript Department of the National Library of Russia (NLR) in St Petersburg in 1868 along with 52 manuscripts and lithographs. The amulet contains passages in Arabic and Persian and was found, according to Żaba, among the Kurds in Erzurum.
Two New Arabic Business Letters from the Berlin Collection
Authors: Kamal Ahmad 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
There is a high percentage of letters among Arabic documentary material. The vast majority of them remain unpublished, however. This article presents the edition, translation, and commentary of two as yet unpublished business letters currently kept at the Egyptian Museum in Berlin. The first was sent to solicit help with some calculations and to stress the importance of the results (P.Berl.inv. 8582), and the second was sent to grant a monk permission to join the harvest (P.Berl.inv. 6746 verso).
Концепт БОГОРОДИЦА в украинской и польской языковых картинах мира
Authors: Сукаленко [Sukalenko] Татьяна [Tat′iana] Николаевна [Nikolaevna] , Ладыняк [Ladyniak] Наталия [Nataliia] Богдановна [Bogdanovna] 
Published: August 2022

The Concept MOTHER OF GOD in the Ukrainian and Polish Linguistic Worldviews This article brings a comparative analysis of the concept MOTHER OF GOD (Bohorodytsia/Bogurodzica) as represented in the Ukrainian and Polish linguistic worldviews. Basing on the data of different types of dic-tionaries of the Ukrainian and Polish languages, folklore texts and artistic discourse, the study identifies the means of its verbalisation in Ukrainian and Polish and their similar and distinctive features. The results of lexicographic analysis indicate that the definitions of this concept in the two languages are the closest in content in the categories Bozha Matir and Matka Boża ‘the name of Christ’s Mother in Christian faith’. In modern explanatory dictionaries of the Ukrainian language the lexeme Bohorodytsia ‘Mother of God’ is primary, neutral, while the dictionaries of the Polish language list a combination of lexemes Matka Boża in this function.In Ukrainian and Polish ethnocultures Bohorodytsia / Matka Boża means ‘caring, loving mother, mother of all people, defender of the disadvantaged’. The analysis of Ukrainian and Polish artistic discourse revealed the metaphorical use of lexical units Bohorodytsia/Bogurodzica for denoting the concept MOTHER OF GOD, reflecting the ethnocultural specifics of the individual characteristics of the writers’ worldview. Pojęcie BOGURODZICA w ukraińskim i polskim językowym obrazie świata W artykule została przeprowadzona analiza porównawcza pojęcia BOGURODZICA, przedstawionego w ukraińskim i polskim językowym obrazie świata. Na podstawie materiałów różnego rodzaju słowników języka ukraińskiego i polskiego, tekstów folklorystycznych i dyskursu artystycznego zostały zidentyfikowane sposoby jego werbalizacji w języku ukraińskim i polskim, zostały ustalone cechy analogiczne i dystynktywne. Analiza leksykograficzna wykazała, że definicje pojęcia w języku ukraińskim i polskim są najbardziej podobne pod względem treści w kategoriach Божа Матір i Matka Boża – ‘u chrześcijan nazwa matki Chrystusa’. We współczesnych słownikach objaśniających języka ukraińskiego podstawowym i neutralnym jest leksem Богородиця, podczas gdy w słownikach języka polskiego do tego celu służy kombinacja leksemów Matka Boża.W etnokulturze ukraińskiej i polskiej Богородиця / Matka Boża to ‘troskliwa, kochająca matka, matka wszystkich ludzi, obrończyni pokrzywdzonych’. Analiza ukraińskiego i polskiego dyskursu artystycznego pokazała użycie metaforycznych jednostek leksykalnych do określenia pojęcia BOGURODZICA, odzwierciedlających etnokulturową specyfikę cech indywidualnych światopoglądu pisarzy.
Improving Arctic Weather and Seasonal Climate Prediction: Recommendations for Future Forecast Systems Evolution from the European Project APPLICATE
Authors: Ortega Pablo , Blockley Edward W. , Køltzow Morten , Massonnet François , Sandu Irina , Svensson Gunilla , Acosta Navarro Juan C. , Arduini Gabriele , Batté Lauriane , Bazile Eric , Chevallier Matthieu , Cruz-García Rubén , Day Jonathan J. , Fichefet Thierry , Flocco Daniela , Gupta Mukesh , Hartung Kerstin , Hawkins Ed , Hinrichs Claudia , Magnusson Linus , Moreno-Chamarro Eduardo , Pérez-Montero Sergio , Ponsoni Leandro , Semmler Tido , Smith Doug , Sterlin Jean , Tjernström Michael , Välisuo Ilona , Jung Thomas 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The Arctic environment is changing, increasing the vulnerability of local communities and ecosystems, and impacting its socio-economic landscape. In this context, weather and climate prediction systems can be powerful tools to support strategic planning and decision-making at different time horizons. This article presents several success stories from the H2020 project APPLICATE on how to advance Arctic weather and seasonal climate prediction, synthesizing the key lessons learned throughout the project and providing recommendations for future model and forecast system development.
The Distinct Influence of Two Madden–Julian Trajectory Classes on the South American Dipole
Authors: Díaz Nicolás , Barreiro Marcelo , Rubido Nicolás 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The South American dipole (SAD) is the main mode of rainfall variability at the intraseasonal time scale in South America. Its phases, determined by wet/dry conditions over the South Atlantic convergence zone (SACZ) and southeastern South America (SESA) regions, have been related to extreme precipitation and droughts across South America, but are yet to be fully understood and predicted. In this work, we study the intraseasonal predictability of the SAD in relation with the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) in the December–March (DJFM) season. We show that significant predictability windows for the SAD’s extreme states emerge up to 10–20 days after the MJO is found in phase 2. In particular, we introduce a classification of MJO trajectories based on the RMM index, defining long and intense (LIT) and not long and intense (NLIT) sets of trajectories. These sets bear resemblances to MJO events that are able or unable to propagate beyond the Maritime Continent, respectively. Moreover, we show that they influence differently over the SAD’s predictability. While both sets present similar tropical–extratropical teleconnections, the LIT set presents a more intense and persistence tropical–tropical teleconnection. Because of this, there is a set-independent predictability for the SESA region, influenced by both tropical and extratropical teleconnections, and a LIT dependency for the SACZ predictability, influenced mainly by the presence of the tropical–tropical teleconnection. Overall, our work contributes to the intraseasonal predictability of SAD phases and understanding its relationship with MJO events.
Investigating the Role of Snow Water Equivalent on Streamflow Predictability during Drought
Authors: Modi Parthkumar A. , Small Eric E. , Kasprzyk Joseph , Livneh Ben 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Snowpack provides the majority of predictive information for water supply forecasts (WSFs) in snow-dominated basins across the western United States. Drought conditions typically accompany decreased snowpack and lowered runoff efficiency, negatively impacting WSFs. Here, we investigate the relationship between snow water equivalent (SWE) and April–July streamflow volume (AMJJ-V) during drought in small headwater catchments, using observations from 31 USGS streamflow gauges and 54 SNOTEL stations. A linear regression approach is used to evaluate forecast skill under different historical climatologies used for model fitting, as well as with different forecast dates. Experiments are constructed in which extreme hydrological drought years are withheld from model training, that is, years with AMJJ-V below the 15th percentile. Subsets of the remaining years are used for model fitting to understand how the climatology of different training subsets impacts forecasts of extreme drought years. We generally report overprediction in drought years. However, training the forecast model on drier years, that is, below-median years (P15, P57.5], minimizes residuals by an average of 10% in drought year forecasts, relative to a baseline case, with the highest median skill obtained in mid- to late April for colder regions. We report similar findings using a modified National Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) procedure in nine large Upper Colorado River basin (UCRB) basins, highlighting the importance of the snowpack–streamflow relationship in streamflow predictability. We propose an “adaptive sampling” approach of dynamically selecting training years based on antecedent SWE conditions, showing error reductions of up to 20% in historical drought years relative to the period of record. These alternate training protocols provide opportunities for addressing the challenges of future drought risk to water supply planning.

Significance Statement
Seasonal water supply forecasts based on the relationship between peak snowpack and water supply exhibit unique errors in drought years due to low snow and streamflow variability, presenting a major challenge for water supply prediction. Here, we assess the reliability of snow-based streamflow predictability in drought years using a fixed forecast date or fixed model training period. We critically evaluate different training protocols that evaluate predictive performance and identify sources of error during historical drought years. We also propose and test an “adaptive sampling” application that dynamically selects training years based on antecedent SWE conditions providing to overcome persistent errors and provide new insights and strategies for snow-guided forecasts.
Surface Quasigeostrophic Turbulence in Variable Stratification
Authors: Yassin Houssam , Griffies Stephen M. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Numerical and observational evidence indicates that, in regions where mixed layer instability is active, the surface geostrophic velocity is largely induced by surface buoyancy anomalies. Yet, in these regions, the observed surface kinetic energy spectrum is steeper than predicted by uniformly stratified surface quasigeostrophic theory. By generalizing surface quasigeostrophic theory to account for variable stratification, we show that surface buoyancy anomalies can generate a variety of dynamical regimes depending on the stratification’s vertical structure. Buoyancy anomalies generate longer-range velocity fields over decreasing stratification and shorter-range velocity fields over increasing stratification. As a result, the surface kinetic energy spectrum is steeper over decreasing stratification than over increasing stratification. An exception occurs if the near-surface stratification is much larger than the deep-ocean stratification. In this case, we find an extremely local turbulent regime with surface buoyancy homogenization and a steep surface kinetic energy spectrum, similar to equivalent barotropic turbulence. By applying the variable stratification theory to the wintertime North Atlantic, and assuming that mixed layer instability acts as a narrowband small-scale surface buoyancy forcing, we obtain a predicted surface kinetic energy spectrum between k−4/3 and k−7/3, which is consistent with the observed wintertime k−2 spectrum. We conclude by suggesting a method of measuring the buoyancy frequency’s vertical structure using satellite observations.
New Cancer-Related Symptoms Predict Recurrence in CA19-9 Non-Expressers After Resection of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Amburn Thomas , Davenport Daniel , Patel Reema , Moss Jessica , Pandalai Prakash , Kim Joseph , Cavnar Michael 
Published: August 2022

Introduction CA19-9 elevation has been reported to predict recurrence after resection of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), although only two-thirds of patients are expressers. Preoperatively, cancer-related symptoms predict outcome; however, it is unknown whether symptoms predict recurrence during surveillance, particularly for CA19-9 non-expressers. Methods Patients undergoing resection of PDAC at our institution from 2012 to 21 (n = 165) were retrospectively reviewed for CA19-9 and symptoms, which were correlated with recurrence-free survival (RFS). Multivariate analysis was performed using Cox regression. Results During postoperative surveillance, CA19-9 elevation and development of symptoms (abdominal pain, weight loss, or jaundice) were associated with worse RFS ( P < .05). Multivariate analysis showed that both symptoms and CA19-9 were independently predictive of RFS (HR 1.8 [1.1-2.9; P = .025] and 2.5 [1.0-6.0; P = .048]). Among CA19-9 non-expressers (n = 51), development of symptoms was associated with detection of recurrence ( P = .012). Conclusions Among CA19-9 non-expressers, development of symptoms predicted recurrence, providing a useful tool for recurrence detection in these patients.