bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recent progress in the edge reconstruction of two-dimensional materials
Authors: Liu Yue , Shang Xiaoxue , Zhuang Jie , Li Da , Cui Tian 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
During the dimensionality reduction of a material from three-dimensional (3D) to two-dimensional (2D), the quasi-one-dimensional edge of a 2D material plays an equally important role as the 3D material surface and dominates most of its physical and chemical properties. Edge reconstruction is necessary due to the breaking of symmetry at the edge and the existence of unstable dangling bonds. Driven by the present demand for multifunctional nanodevices, this inherent edge engineering in 2D materials has attracted extensive research interest. Herein, we review the recent research progress of edge reconstruction of typical 2D materials, such as graphene, hexagonal boron nitride, 2D transition metal dichalcogenides, black phosphorene, and group-IV monochalcogenides, including the structures, stabilities, and formation mechanism of their edge reconstruction as well as the electronic, magnetic, and catalytic properties associated with the edge reconstruction. Finally, we evaluate the challenges and prospects for future research and development of the interesting edge reconstruction of 2D materials. We expect this review will help readers gain insight into the edge reconstruction of 2D materials from multiple perspectives.
Insulation degradation affected by micron metal particles attached on epoxy surface: charge accumulation and flashover voltage
Authors: Yang Zhuodong , Qi Bo , Yang Xiao , Gao Chunjia , Zhang Yi , Luo Yuan , Sun Caixin , Li Chengrong 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The micron metal particles are inevitably produced in long-term operation condition of high voltage direct current SF6 insulated apparatus, which could frequently cause the surface discharge. Degradation of long-term surface discharge will be a severe threat to the insulation strength. Aiming at this problem, the surface charge accumulation and flashover voltage of epoxy itself before and after discharge degradation by particles were compared in this paper. The composition after degradation was measured by EDS and FTIR. The microstructure was observed by SEM. The roughness was measured as well. The trap distribution was measured by SPD. The mechanism of degradation and its effect on insulation characteristics were analyzed. The results show that the surface charge accumulation increase three times after degradation. Additionally, flashover voltage decreases 19% after degradation. The smoothly surface after degradation decrease the trap energy level for 14%, which might be the change reason of surface charge accumulation and flashover voltage. This paper can offer as a reference for the effect of micron metal particles on insulation degradation in SF6 gas insulated equipment.
Enhancement limit of sensitivity in laser absorption spectroscopy using a multipass cell composed of spherical concave mirrors
Authors: Matsui Makoto , Kobayashi Ryuji , Yasui Tomoya 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The upper limit of sensitivity enhancement in a multipass process was investigated. In the calculation of 3.7 × 1013 ray-trace analysis, the sensitivity enhancement was increased to 13 510 for the mirror diameter of 75 mm with the mirror diameter. In the experiment, the sensitivity was enhanced by a factor of 1790 ± 160 for an effective mirror diameter of 50 mm, which was one-third of the numerical prediction. The lower enhancement could be attributed to the insufficient spatial and angular resolution of alignment optics. Therefore, this multipass cell has the potential to improve the sensitivity by three to four orders of magnitude.
Lightweight model-based two-step fine-tuning for fault diagnosis with limited data
Authors: Tang Tang , Wu Jie , Chen Ming 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Deep learning-based fault diagnosis uses rich labeled data in achieving promising performance. However, in most real cases, only few labeled data can be acquired in fault diagnosis tasks, which is far from the essential requirement for training a deep model from scratch. To tackle this problem, a novel two-step fine-tuning process is primarily proposed, based on the idea of implementing information from a relevant auxiliary task via tuning less task-specific weights, which expands the fine-tuning method. A lightweight model is adapted for lower data consumption. Furthermore, a distance loss function is designed and embedded into the training process with a dynamic tuning process for sparser feature representations. Comprehensive experiments have been carried out. Results prove the effectiveness of the proposed method, which evidently improves the diagnosis performance and robustness in diagnosis tasks with limited data and has the potential for application to fault diagnosis of varying working conditions.
Low-temperature nanowelding silver nanowire hybrid flexible transparent conductive film for green light OLED devices
Authors: Wang Yuzhou , Liu Yan , Wang Tao , Liu Shuhui , Chen Zeng , Duan Shaobo 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Flexible organic light emitting diodes (OLED) have attracted great attention in many applications. MXene based flexible transparent conductive films (TCFs) are the most promising next-generation electrodes for flexible electronics. Herein, the sandwich conductive structure of silver nanowires (AgNWs) network, new 2D nanosheets with excellent conductivity, hydrophilicity and mechanical flexibility and PEDOT:PSS contributes to a highly transparent and conductive hybrid electrode through a simple, scalable, low-cost spray method. The Ti3C2T
x
/AgNWs/PEDOT-PET film shows a low sheet resistance (<30 Ω/sq) and high transmittance (>80%) at 550 nm. Flexible OLED with such hybrid anode has the maximum brightness, current efficiency and current density, as high as 10 040 cd m−2, 3.7 cd A−1 and 535.5 mA cm−2, respectively. These results indicate that the novel Ti3C2T
x
/AgNWs/PEDOT-PET TCFs have a great potential for high-performance flexible optoelectronic devices.
A multimodal model fusing multiphase contrast-enhanced CT and clinical characteristics for predicting lymph node metastases of pancreatic cancer
Authors: Lu Qian , Zhou Chenjie , Zhang Haojie , Liang Lidu , Zhang Qifan , Chen Xuemin , Xu Xiaowu , Zhao Guodong , Ma Jianhua , Gao Yi , Peng Qing , Li Shulong 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Objective. To develop a multimodal model that combines multiphase contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) imaging and clinical characteristics, including experts’ experience, to preoperatively predict lymph node metastasis (LNM) in pancreatic cancer patients. Methods. We proposed a new classifier fusion strategy (CFS) based on a new evidential reasoning (ER) rule (CFS-nER) by combining nomogram weights into a previous ER rule-based CFS. Three kernelled support tensor machine-based classifiers with plain, arterial, and venous phases of CECT as the inputs, respectively, were constructed. They were then fused based on the CFS-nER to construct a fusion model of multiphase CECT. The clinical characteristics were analyzed by univariate and multivariable logistic regression to screen risk factors, which were used to construct correspondent risk factor-based classifiers. Finally, the fusion model of the three phases of CECT and each risk factor-based classifier were fused further to construct the multimodal model based on our CFS-nER, named MMM-nER. This study consisted of 186 patients diagnosed with pancreatic cancer from four clinical centers in China, 88 (47.31%) of whom had LNM. Results. The fusion model of the three phases of CECT performed better overall than single and two-phase fusion models; this implies that the three considered phases of CECT were supplementary and complemented one another. The MMM-nER further improved the predictive performance, which implies that our MMM-nER can complement the supplementary information between CECT and clinical characteristics. The MMM-nER had better predictive performance than based on previous classifier fusion strategies, which presents the advantage of our CFS-nER. Conclusion. We proposed a new CFS-nER, based on which the fusion model of the three phases of CECT and MMM-nER were constructed and performed better than all compared methods. MMM-nER achieved an encouraging performance, implying that it can assist clinicians in noninvasively and preoperatively evaluating the lymph node status of pancreatic cancer.
Customized whole brain-covering 3D GRASE in multi-delay pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling for duplex distinct hemodynamic mapping contrasts of brain tissues and circulation pathways
Authors: Hu Yichen , Wei Qing , Zhou Zhongyang , Hu Junpu , Xie Jun , Xu Jian 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Gradient and spin echo (GRASE) is widely employed in arterial spin labeling (ASL) as an efficient readout sequence. Hemodynamic parameter mappings of perfusion, such as cerebral blood flow (CBF) and arterial transit time (ATT), can be derived via multi-delay ASL acquisitions. Multi-delay ASL perfusion imaging inevitably suffers limited signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) since a motion-sensitized vessel suppressing module has to be employed to highlight perfusion signals. The present work reveals that in multi-delay ASL, manipulation of GRASE sequence on either planar imaging echo echo train for adjusted spatial resolutions or FSE echo train for modulated extent of T
2-blurring can significantly alter the mapping contrasts among tissues and among cerebral lobes under different pathways of blood circulation, and meanwhile regulates SNR. Four separate multi-delay ASL scans with different echo train designs in 3D whole brain covering GRASE were carried out for healthy subjects to evaluate the variations in regard to the parameter quantifications and SNR. Based on the quantification mappings, the GRASE acquisition with moderate spatial resolution (3.5 × 3.5 × 4 mm3) and segmented k
z scheme was recognized for the first time to be recommended for more unambiguous CBF and ATT contrasts between GM and WM in conjunction with more enhanced ATT contrast between anterior and posterior cerebral circulations, with reasonably good SNR. The technical proposal is of great value for the cutting-edge research of a variety of neurological diseases of global concerns.
Frequency-dependent depression of the NTS synapse affects the temporal response of the antihypertensive effect of auricular vagus nerve stimulation (aVNS)
Authors: Mun Junseung , Lee Jiho , Park Eunkyoung , Park Sung-Min 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Objective. Auricular vagus nerve stimulation (aVNS) has recently emerged as a promising neuromodulation modality for blood pressure (BP) reduction due to its ease of use although its efficacy is still limited compared to direct baroreflex stimulation. Previous studies have also indicated that synaptic depression of nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) in the baroreflex pathway depends on stimulus frequency. However, the nature of this frequency dependence phenomenon on antihypertensive effect has been unknown for aVNS. We aimed to investigate the antihypertensive effect of aVNS considering frequency-dependent depression characteristic in the NTS synapse. We explored NTS activation and BP reduction induced by aVNS and by direct secondary neuron stimulation (DS). Approach. Both protocols were performed with recording of NTS activation and BP response with stimulation for each frequency parameter (2, 4, 20, 50, and 80 Hz). Main results. The BP recovery time constant was significantly dependent on the frequency of DS and aVNS (DS—2 Hz: 8.17 ± 4.98; 4 Hz: 9.73 ± 6.3; 20 Hz: 6.61 ± 3.28; 50 Hz: 4.93 ± 1.65; 80 Hz: 4.00 ± 1.43, p < 0.001, Kruskal–Wallis (KW) H-test/aVNS—2 Hz: 4.02 ± 2.55; 4 Hz: 8.13 ± 4.05; 20 Hz: 6.40 ± 3.16; 50 Hz: 5.18 ± 2.37; 80 Hz: 3.13 ± 1.29, p < 0.05, KW H-test) despite no significant BP reduction at 2 Hz compared to sham groups (p > 0.05, Mann–Whitney U-test). Significance. Our observations suggest that the antihypertensive effect of aVNS is influenced by the characteristics of frequency-dependent synaptic depression in the NTS neuron in terms of the BP recovery time. These findings suggest that the antihypertensive effect of aVNS can be improved with further understanding of the neurological properties of the baroreflex associated with aVNS, which is critical to push this new modality for clinical interpretation.
so(2, 1) algebra, local Fermi velocity, and position-dependent mass Dirac equation
Authors: Bagchi Bijan , Ghosh Rahul , Quesne Christiane 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
We investigate the (1 + 1)-dimensional position-dependent mass Dirac equation within the confines of so(2, 1) potential algebra by utilizing the character of a spatial varying Fermi velocity. We examine the combined effects of the two when the Dirac equation is equipped with an external pseudoscalar potential. Solutions of the three cases induced by so(2, 1) are explored by profitably making use of a point canonical transformation.
Interfacial thermal conductance of 7075 aluminum alloy microdroplets in contact with a solid at fast melting and crystallization
Authors: Minakov A , Morikawa J , Ryu M , Zhuravlev E , Schick C 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Ultrafast nanocalorimetry, in combination with high-speed IR thermography, is used to measure the interfacial thermal conductance (ITC) of the thermal contact of metal microdroplets with a solid during fast melting (including laser heating). IR thermography and membrane nanocalorimetry were used to measure the temperature difference at the membrane/sample interface during the melting and crystallization of aluminium alloy (AA7075) microdroplets (20 μm in diameter) over a wide range of heating and cooling rates (up to 105 K s−1). This is the first time ITC has been measured at such high heating and cooling rates with this new method. We found that the interfacial temperature difference reaches about 80 K during the solidification of microdroplets during laser heating. This result is significant for understanding various industrial laser-assisted processes. It has been established that ITC measured for AA7075 microdroplets gradually increases by an order of magnitude during melting in the range from the solidus temperature to the liquidus temperature of the alloy. This unusual behavior of ITC during melting can be important for understanding and optimizing laser-assisted additive manufacturing processes.
Eye-to-Hand Coordination in Obstructive Sleep APNEA Syndrome: a Descriptive Study
Authors: Devita Maria , Lavolpe Sara , Calì Gloria , Beretta Natascia , Maggi Lamberto , Mondini Sara , Mapelli Daniela , Rusconi Maria Luisa , Merlo Paola 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectivePsychomotor slowdown was observed in individuals with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS). Previous studies evaluated separately cognitive and motor reaction times, finding that OSAS individuals show a specific impairment in the latter. The present study investigates whether eye-to-hand coordination (EHC), a specific psychomotor ability, is compromised in OSAS.MethodThe EHC was measured in 30 OSAS individuals who were matched with 30 healthy controls by the Two-Hand Coordination Test analyzing the speed, accuracy, and coordination; the role of these variables was investigated in predicting the group they belonged to.ResultsThe OSAS participants showed poorer performance in the execution accuracy (t(55) = −3.36, d’Cohen = −0.89, p ≤ .001), which was also found to be the only predictor of the belonging to group (β = 0.43 (0.18), p &lt; .05).ConclusionsThe OSAS individuals show impairments in EHC and in correcting their error (executive slowdown). This is the first investigation exploring EHC coordination in this population and contributes in understanding the psychomotor slowness characterizing OSAS.
High Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus Type 1c Proviral Loads Are Associated With Diabetes and Chronic Kidney Disease: Results of a Cross-Sectional Community Survey in Central Australia
Authors: Talukder Mohammad Radwanur , Woodman Richard , Pham Hai , Wilson Kim , Gessain Antoine , Kaldor John , Einsiedel Lloyd 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Background
A link between chronic inflammation and several noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) has been established. Although chronic infection with the human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is the recognized cause of several inflammatory diseases and these are associated with a high number of HTLV-1–infected cells in peripheral blood (proviral load [PVL]), possible interactions between PVL and NCDs have not been studied at a community level.

Methods
Adult Aboriginal residents of 7 remote communities were invited to complete a health survey between 25 August 2014 and 30 June 2018. Blood was drawn for HTLV-1 serology and PVL, and relevant medical conditions were obtained from health records. Associations between HTLV-1 PVL and diabetes, chronic kidney disease (CKD), and coronary artery disease (CAD) were determined using logistic regression, adjusting for available confounders.

Results
Among 510 participants (56% of the estimated adult resident population, 922), 197 (38.6%) were HTLV-1–infected. A high HTLV-1 PVL was associated with a 2-fold increase in the odds of diabetes and CKD (diabetes, adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.95; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.06–3.61; P = .033 and CKD: aOR, 2.00; 95% CI, 1.03–3.8; P = .041). A nonsignificant association between high PVL and CAD (aOR, 7.08; 95% CI, 1.00–50.18; P = .05) was found for participants aged &lt;50 years at the time of angiography.

Conclusions
In a community-based study in central Australia, people with HTLV-1 who had high HTLV-1 PVL were more likely to have diabetes and CKD. These findings have potential clinical implications.
Association Between AZD7442 (Tixagevimab-Cilgavimab) Administration and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Infection, Hospitalization, and Mortality
Authors: Kertes Jennifer , Shapiro Ben David Shirley , Engel-Zohar Noya , Rosen Keren , Hemo Beatriz , Kantor Avner , Adler Limor , Shamir Stein Naama , Mizrahi Reuveni Miri , Shahar Arnon 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Background
Intramuscular AZD7442 (tixagevimab–cilgavimab [Evusheld; AstraZeneca]) has been found effective among immunocompromised individuals (ICIs) in reducing SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe disease in ICIs. We evaluated the association between AZD7442 administration and SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe disease (COVID-19 hospitalization and all-cause mortality) among selected ICIs, during a fifth Omicron-dominated wave of COVID-19 (December 2021–April 2022) in Israel.

Methods
ICIs aged ≥12 years identified in the Maccabi HealthCare Services database were invited by SMS/e-mail to receive AZD7442. Demographic information, comorbidities, coronavirus vaccination, and prior SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 outcome data (infection, severe disease) were extracted from the database. Rates of infection and severe disease were compared between those administered AZD7442 and those who did not respond to the invitation over a 3-month period.

Results
Of all 825 ICIs administered AZD7442, 29 (3.5%) became infected with SARS-CoV-2 compared with 308 (7.2%) of 4299 ICIs not administered AZD7442 (P &lt; .001). After adjustment, the AZD7442 group was half as likely to become infected with SARS-CoV-2 than the nonadministered group (OR: .51; 95% CI: .30–.84). One person in the AZD7442 group (0.1%) was hospitalized for COVID-19 compared with 27 (0.6%) in the nonadministered group (P = .07). No mortality was recorded among the AZD7442 group compared with 40 deaths (0.9%) in the nonadministered group (P = .005). After adjustment, ICIs administered AZD7442 were 92% less likely to be hospitalized/die than those not administered AZD7442 (OR: .08; 95% CI: .01–.54).

Conclusions
AZD7442 among ICIs may protect against Omicron variant infection and severe disease and should be considered for pre-exposure prophylactic AZD7442.
Catheter-directed interventions for pulmonary embolism
Authors: Kochar Ajar , Bergmark Brian A 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Pulmonary embolism (PE) is common, life-threatening, and often recurrent among survivors. The clinical manifestations of PE range from incidental detection to sudden death, with approximately one-third of PE deaths occurring suddenly. State-of-the-art management of acute PE relies on early detection, risk stratification based on clinical, imaging, and biomarker criteria, and multidisciplinary decision-making. The primary goal of catheter-directed interventions for acute PE is to interrupt the cycle of right ventricular failure, hypoperfusion, and oxygen supply/demand imbalance by increasing the cross-sectional area of the patent pulmonary vasculature, thereby lowering resistance and alleviating V/Q mismatch. Innovations in percutaneous interventions have led to several approaches described in this review: rheolytic thrombectomy, catheter-directed thrombolysis, and aspiration or mechanical thrombectomy. The central challenge moving forward will be integrating growing clinical trial evidence into multidisciplinary, individualized care pathways meeting the diverse clinical needs of patients presenting with acute PE.
Infected thoracic aortic graft in a woman with Darier disease: a case report
Authors: Sbarouni Eftihia , Petraki Maria , Stavridis George , Manginas Athanassios 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Background
Patients with Darier disease often present with staphylococcal skin infections and are at risk for complications when they undergo cardiothoracic surgery, such as acute aortic dissection repair.

Case summary
A 39-year-old woman with hypertension and Darier disease suffered an acute type A aortic dissection, requiring emergency operation with a Dacron graft. Twenty-five days post-operatively, she developed pneumonia and staph hominis was isolated in blood cultures and Bronchoalveolar Lavage. Following completion of antibiotics, multiple relapses occurred during a 6-month period, each time treated with appropriate antibiotic therapy. An 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography computerized tomography showed persistent graft uptake and re-operation was performed. At 22 months of follow-up, the patient remains asymptomatic and the 18F-FDG PET/CT shows significant reduction in FDG uptake.

Discussion
Graft infection is a rare but serious complication. Antibiotic therapy is often inadequate and re-operation is needed. As staphylococcal skin infections often occur in patients with Darier disease, adequate preprocedural skin preparation and sterilization are very important in these patients.
Risk factors in adolescence as predictors of trajectories of somatic symptoms over 27 years
Authors: Berg Noora , Nummi Tapio , Bean Christopher G , Westerlund Hugo , Virtanen Pekka , Hammarström Anne 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Background
Somatic symptoms among adolescents are common, yet little is known about long-term trajectories of somatic symptoms and the factors in adolescence that shape them. We examined individual, family and school-based factors at age 16 as predictors of trajectories of somatic symptoms over 27 years.

Methods
Participants from the Northern Swedish Cohort (n = 1001) responded to questions about individual factors (e.g. health behaviours), family factors (e.g. contact with parents, social and material adversity) and school satisfaction at age 16; as well as 10 somatic symptoms at ages 16, 18, 21, 30 and 43. Teacher assessments at age 16 included overall ability at school and peer relations. Age 16 predictors of somatic symptom trajectory group membership were analysed using multinomial logistic regression.

Results
Poor contact with mother and poor school satisfaction were significant predictors of adverse symptom trajectories among both men and women. Low birth weight and low parental academic involvement were contributing factors for women, while smoking and social adversity were more relevant factors for men.

Conclusions
Our findings emphasize the importance of a holistic approach that considers the unique contributions of individual, family and school-based factors in the development of trajectories of somatic symptoms from adolescence to middle age.