bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
КУЛЬТУРНО-ЭТНИЧЕСКИЙ ФАКТОР ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ ЛИЧНОСТНОЙ БЕСПОМОЩНОСТИ: ЭМПИРИЧЕСКОЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ НА МАТЕРИАЛЕ МИГРАНТОВ ЦЕНТРАЛЬНОЙ АЗИИ
Authors: Ponomareva Irina V. , Pakhomova Yana N. , Vinkova Galina A. 
Published: January 2022

Введение. Неконтролируемые социальные, экономические и политические события, являющиеся травмирующими для субъекта, могут выступать предиктором формирования личностной беспомощности. В статье рассматриваются культурно-этнические факторы формирования личностной беспомощности и самостоятельности на материале исследования мигрантов из Центральной Азии. В качестве факторов выступают показатели этнической идентичности и культурных ценностей мигрантов.
Цель: выявить культурно-этнические факторы формирования личностной беспомощности на материале мигрантов Центральной Азии.
Методы и методология проведения работы. В соответствии с целью исследования выборку составили мигранты Центральной Азии (N=222, средний возраст 20,84, медиана 20). Для изучения культурно-этнических особенностей личностной беспомощности и самостоятельности были сформированы две группы респондентов: испытуемые с личностной беспомощностью и испытуемые с самостоятельностью. В качестве методик исследования использовались: опросник личностной беспомощности (М.О. Климова, Д.А. Циринг), опросник «Типы этнической идентичности» (Г.У. Солдатова, С.В. Рыжова), методика Г. Хофстеда «Модуль исследования ценностей», методика изучения культурных ценностей Ш. Шварца.
Результаты. В ходе проведённого исследования было обнаружено, что особенности культурных ценностей и этнической идентичности выступают в роли фактора риска формирования личностной беспомощности. Показатели этноизоляционизма, этнофанатизма и мужественности, которые вносят вклад в дифференциацию респондентов – мигрантов стран Центральной Азии – на личностно беспомощных и самостоятельных. Выраженность перечисленных показателей способствует формированию самостоятельности. При низком уровне выраженности данные показатели выступают факторами формирования личностной беспомощности.
Область применения результатов. Полученные данные составляют базу для разработки и апробации программ психопрофилактики и психологической коррекции личностной беспомощности, программ сопровождения процесса адаптации у мигрантов.
An Analysis on Semantic Interpretation of Tamil Literary Texts
Authors: Ramalingam Anita , Chinnaudayar Navaneethakrishnan Subalalitha 
Published: January 2022

The interaction between a computer and a human or natural language is known as Natural Language Processing (NLP). The ultimate goal is to make the natural language text understandable, which in turn, requires its meaning to be captured. Text can be analyzed on several levels, such as lexical, syntax, semantics, discourse, and pragmatics. These NLP tasks deal with text at different levels, such as word, phrase, sentence, paragraph, and document. Discourse analysis is a type of text analysis that goes beyond the sentence level. The discourse analysis is currently performed on expository (essay) type of texts. There are currently no state-of-the-art NLP applications that handle Tamil literary texts at a discourse level. Tamil classical literature is rich with ethical, moral, and philosophical values that should be explored for the benefit of society. This paper proposes an automatic semantic interpretation framework for Tamil literary texts using discourse parsing by giving works on discourse parsing, text classification, discourse-based clustering and information retrieval, and Tamil language and Tamil literatures. This semantic interpretation can be developed as a smart mobile application using multimedia components. This paper also discusses how the Tamil literary text processing differs from the essay type of text.
Convolutional Neural Networks Using Log Mel-Spectrogram Separation for Audio Event Classification with Unknown Devices
Authors: Seo Soonshin , Kim Changmin , Kim Ji-Hwan 
Published: January 2022

Audio event classification refers to the detection and classification of non-verbal signals, such as dog and horn sounds included in audio data, by a computer. Recently, deep neural network technology has been applied to audio event classification, exhibiting higher performance when compared to existing models. Among them, a convolutional neural network (CNN)-based training method that receives audio in the form of a spectrogram, which is a two-dimensional image, has been widely used. However, audio event classification has poor performance on test data when it is recorded by a device (unknown device) different from that used to record training data (known device). This is because the frequency range emphasized is different for each device used during recording, and the shapes of the resulting spectrograms generated by known devices and those generated by unknown devices differ. In this study, to improve the performance of the event classification system, a CNN based on the log mel-spectrogram separation technique was applied to the event classification system, and the performance of unknown devices was evaluated. The system can classify 16 types of audio signals. It receives audio data at 0.4-s length, and measures the accuracy of test data generated from unknown devices with a model trained via training data generated from known devices. The experiment showed that the performance compared to the baseline exhibited a relative improvement of up to 37.33%, from 63.63% to 73.33% based on Google Pixel, and from 47.42% to 65.12% based on the LG V50.
Vitiligo and Metabolic Syndrome: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Xia Joyce , Melian Christina , Guo William , Usmani Hunya , Clark Richard , Lozeau Daniel 
Published: January 2022

Background
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) has been associated with various skin conditions including vitiligo. However, the association between these 2 conditions has yet to be determined by quantitative meta-analysis.

Objective
The aim of this paper was to determine the association between vitiligo and metabolic syndrome via systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods
A systematic literature search of Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane, and Web of Science was performed for all published literature prior to August 16, 2020. Case control and prospective cross-sectional studies analyzing the association between vitiligo and MetS were included in this review. The primary outcome measures include the type of vitiligo, diagnostic criteria for MetS, components of MetS (waist circumference, blood pressure, triglycerides, fasting glycemic index, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, and BMI. A meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the prevalence and association of MetS in patients with vitiligo.

Results
A total of 6 studies (n=734 participants) meeting eligibility criteria were included for systematic review and meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of MetS in patients with vitiligo was (0.296, 95% CI 0.206, 0.386; P<.001). Patients with vitiligo were no more likely to develop MetS compared to control patients (odds ratio 1.66, 95% CI 0.83, 3.33; P=.01). A leave-one-out sensitivity analysis showed a significant association between MetS and vitiligo (P<.001). Significant elevations in fasting glycemic index (mean difference 5.35, 95% CI 2.77, 7.93; P<.001) and diastolic blood pressure (mean difference 1.97, 95% CI 0.02, 3.92; P=.05) were observed in patients with vitiligo compared to control patients.

Conclusions
The association between vitiligo and metabolic syndrome carries important clinical implications. Dermatologists and other multidisciplinary team members should remain vigilant when treating this patient population in order to prevent serious cardiovascular complications that may arise as a result of metabolic disease.
Manifestation of Langerhans cell histiocytosis in the oral cavity: The authors’ experience
Authors: Matosek-Rutkowska Anna , Kuriata Monika , Olczak-Kowalczyk Dorota , Krasuska-Sławińska Ewa 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background. Langerhans cell histiocytosis is a rare reactive proliferative disorder marked by excess proliferation and accumulation of mononuclear phagocytes in tissues and organs. Usually, organs and systems where Langerhans cells are normally found are involved. Lesions may be limited to one system and be single- or multisite, or many systems may be involved. The etiology is not fully known. According to one of the hypotheses, immune dysfunction due to exuberant response to an unknown antigen may be the cause. The most common clinical symptoms include skin lesions, bone pain, exophthalmos, and enlarged lymph nodes, affecting the liver and spleen. Gingivitis, pocket granulation tissue, ulceration of the gingival papilla, alveolar bone atrophy leading to loosening and loss of teeth are observed in the oral cavity. The aim of the study was to determine the type and incidence of oral manifestations in patients diagnosed with Langerhans cell histiocytosis.
Methods. We evaluated patients’ medical records to obtain data on the children’s age at diagnosis, sex, the form of Langerhans cell histiocytosis, clinical picture (systemic and local oral symptoms), and radiological findings. Dental examinations (clinical and radiological) were performed to assess oral mucosa and periodontal tissues, and medical records were analyzed for the course and treatment of histiocytosis.
Results. The analysis included the medical records of 43 patients with Langerhans cell histiocytosis. Oral lesions in the form of gingivitis, pathological tooth mobility, and expansion of alveolar mandibular bone were observed in 7 patients. Conclusions. Langerhans cell histiocytosis may be accompanied by maxillary, gingival, and mucosal lesions.
Eclipse retinopathy injury scale (ERIS): A classification of acute macular damage resulting from unprotected solar eclipse viewing
Authors: Czepita Maciej , Podlewska-Gaca Edyta , Czepita Damian 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Introduction. Eclipse retinopathy occurs due to unprotected viewing of a solar eclipse. It is a long-recognized condition. The damage inflicted to the macula is due to a photochemical and photothermal effect caused by sunlight that enters the eye and is focused by the crystalline lens. Animal studies into eclipse retinopathy have been previously carried out. Retinal irradiance levels leading to macular damage have been established in rabbits. Limited data from studies on primates are also available. However, the exact values for humans have not yet been established with confidence.
Methods. Here we present a simple method for estimation of the retinal irradiance dose in humans and a classification of macular damage.
Results. As an example, the retinal irradiance dose of a theoretical patient observing the solar eclipse of March 20, 2015, is given along with the grade of macular damage according to the developed classification.
Discussion. The retinal irradiance values given in the classification are provisional for the time being. With more widespread use among ophthalmologists the developed classification should become useful for prognostic purposes.
The Effects of the Spaceflight Environment on the Vaginal Mucin Layer of the Mouse
Authors: Romer Camille , Forsman Allan 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT
It has been well documented that spaceflight has adverse effects on many tissues and systems throughout the body. Although this phenomenon is well documented, relatively little research has been done in the area of the female reproductive system. If spaceflight has harmful effects on the female reproductive system, the migration of the human species into space would be greatly compromised. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of spaceflight on the thickness of the apical mucin layer in the vaginae of mice, as changes in this layer could have detrimental effects on sperm survival and, therefore, a profound impact on the animal’s ability to reproduce. This study examined the thickness of the vaginal mucin lining from female mice that were exposed to 13 days of spaceflight and their concomitant controls. The tissues were stained using a technique commonly used to localize and analyze mucin varieties. The tissue was qualitatively analyzed for the type of mucin produced (i.e., acidic, neutral, acidic/neutral mixture). Further, the tissue was quantitatively analyzed for the amount of mucins produced by measuring the thickness of the mucin layer. The results of this study indicate that spaceflight causes a thickening of the mucin lining of the vaginal canal. The results further indicate being housed in an Animal Enclosure Module also caused a thickening of the vaginal mucin layer — presumably due to internal cage environmental factors — but this effect was not as pronounced as that seen in the spaceflight mice.
Prolonged Head-Down Posture of Bats Induces Remodeling of the Aorta
Authors: Ashaolu James Olumide , Enaibe Bernard Ufuoma , Ajao Moyosore Salihu 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT
Inversion is the regular position for bats at rest, but continuous inversion was expected to reverse the gravity vector exposure from feet-ward to head-ward and present hemodynamic challenges that induce remodeling of the aorta. There is paucity of information regarding the cardiovascular structural adaptations in bats engaged in regulating cranial or caudal blood redistribution in prolonged inversion. The aim of this study was to determine aortic adaptations in bats during prolonged inversion. Forty (40) bats were captured at Iwo, Osun State, Nigeria and randomly allocated into a normal control group and three test groups (n=10/group). The inversion period was not extended in control group A, but was maintained 8 days in B, 15 days in C, and 22 days in D. At the end of each inversion period, the bats were euthanized using intramuscular injection, and tissues were processed for Haematoxylin and Eosin, Orcein, and Van Gieson staining. Histological changes in the tunica media and adventitia were quantified, and the results were analyzed statistically. The ascending aorta exhibited thickening of the media and adventitia, whereas the abdominal aorta showed thinning of these regions. The changes increased in magnitude with longer periods of inversion. The histological stains indicated alterations in smooth muscle cells, collagen, and elastin content, consistent with predicted elevated pressure in the ascending and decreased pressure in the abdominal aortae. The vascular adaptation in bats may provide insights into suspected cardiovascular changes in astronauts during long-term spaceflight.
Over-Expression of FT1 in Plum (Prunus domestica) Results in Phenotypes Compatible with Spaceflight: A Potential New Candidate Crop for Bioregenerative Life Support Systems
Authors: Graham Thomas , Scorza Ralph , Wheeler Raymond , Smith Brenda , Dardick Chris , Dixit Anirudha , Raines Doug , Callahan Ann , Srinivasan Chinnathambi , Spencer Lashelle , Richards Jeffrey , Stutte Gary 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT
Tree fruits (e.g., apples, plums, cherries) are appealing constituents of a crew menu for long-duration exploration missions (i.e., Mars), both in terms of their nutritive and menu diversity contributions. Although appealing, tree fruit species have long been precluded as candidate crops for use in plant-based bioregenerative life support system designs based on their large crown architecture, prolonged juvenile phase, and phenological constraints. Recent advances by researchers at the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) have led to the development of plum (Prunus domestica) trees ectopically over-expressing the Flowering Locus T-1 (FT1) gene from Populus trichocarpa (poplar). The transformed plants exhibit atypical phenotypes that seemingly eliminate the aforementioned obstacles to spaceflight. Here we demonstrate the FT1 expression system (FasTrack) and the resultant dwarf growth habits, early flowering, and continuous fruit production. The potential contribution of P. domestica as a countermeasure to microgravity-induced bone loss is also discussed.
New Insights in Plant Biology Gained from Research in Space
Authors: Cannon Ashley E. , Salmi Mari L. , Clark Gregory , Roux Stanley 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT
Recent spaceflight experiments have provided many new insights into the role of gravity in plant growth and development. Scientists have been taking seeds and plants into space for decades in an effort to understand how the stressful environment of space affects them. The resultant data have yielded significant advances in the development of advanced life-support systems for long-duration spaceflight and a better understanding of the fundamental role of gravity in directing the growth and development of plants. Experiments have improved as new spaceflight hardware and technology paved the way for progressively more insightful and rigorous plant research in space. The International Space Station (ISS) has provided an opportunity for scientists to both monitor and control their experiments in real-time. Experiments on the ISS have provided valuable insights into endogenous growth responses, light responses, and transcriptomic and proteomic changes that occur in the microgravity environment. In recent years most studies of plants in space have used Arabidopsis thaliana, but the single-celled, Ceratopteris richardii spore is also a valuable model system that has been used to understand plant gravity response. Experiments using these fern spores have revealed a dynamic and gravity-responsive trans-cell Ca2+ current that directs polarization of these spores and a possible role of extracellular nucleotides in establishing or contributing to this current. As technology continues to improve, spaceflight experiments will provide many new insights into the role and effects of gravity on plant growth and development.
Compact Heat Rejection System Utilizing Integral Variable Conductance Planar Heat Pipe Radiator for Space Application
Authors: Lee Kuan-Lin , Li Yeyuan , Guzek Brian J. , Kadambi Jaikrishnan R. , Kamotani Yasuhiro 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT
In order to meet heat rejection requirements for future NASA exploration, scientific, and discovery missions, a study is being conducted for the feasibility of integral variable conductance planar heat pipe (VCPHP) technology. This represents a novel, low technology readiness level (TRL) heat rejection technology that, when developed, could operate efficiently and reliably across a wide range of thermal environments. The concept consists of a planar heat pipe whose evaporator acquires the excess thermal energy from the thermal control system and rejects it at its condenser whose outer surface acts as a radiating surface. The heat pipe is made from thermally conductive polymers in order to minimize its mass. It has a non-condensable gas that changes the active radiator surface depending on the heat load. A mathematical model of steady-state variable conductance heat pipe is developed. Two planar heat pipes are designed, fabricated, and tested to validate the theoretical model. The feasibility of the proposed VCPHP working in a space environment is discussed, based on the model.
Validation of Assays for Reactive Oxygen Species and Glutathione in Saccharomyces cerevisiae during Microgravity Simulation
Authors: Hammond Timothy G. , Allen Patricia L. , Birdsall Holly H. 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACT
The effects of spaceflight on yeast have high concordance with agents that induce a very low intracellular redox state and induce a massive efflux of glutathione. These results raise important issues. Can the reduced redox state during spaceflight be reproduced and modulated in ground-based simulations? Will this allow definition of unique drug pathways as a low redox potential state mirrors the electrophilic properties of mitochondria where many drugs are metabolized? Unfortunately, assays for redox status and its major cellular determinant—glutathione—are diverse and often cell-type-specific. Currently, an accepted redox probe set for yeast studies is not available. This paper validates fluorescent probes for glutathione and reactive oxygen status in yeast to support mechanistic studies of microgravity and drug metabolism. The plethora of fluorescent reagents for reactive oxygen species and glutathione makes head-to-head comparisons of all the alternatives impractical. These reagents measure the physiological milieu of reactive oxygen species and diverse thiols, rather than specific individual molecules. We report that in yeast, monochlorobimane (mBCL) and 2’,7’-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DC-FDA) are suitable for fluorometric and flow cytometry studies of glutathione and reactive oxygen species, respectively. Both dyes have low background fluorescence, predictable loading, good retention, and are not acutely toxic to Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Both dyes show concordance with other fluorescent and biochemical assays of reactive oxygen species.
MEMAHAMI PEREMPUAN MORONENE MELALUI TOKOH TINA ORIMA PADA KISAH “TINA ORIMA”
Authors: Hastuti Heksa Biopsi Puji 
Published: January 2022

Penelitian mengangkat permasalahan bagaimanakah gambaran perempuan Moronene Ketika dihadapkan pada perjodohan, yang terepresentasi melalui tokoh Tina dalam kisah Tina Orima dan bertujuan mendeskripsikan gambaran perempuan Moronene dalam cerita rakyat “Tina Orima”. Data diperoleh dari hasil inventarisasi sastra Moronene. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menerapkan teknik triangulasi. Teori struktural, teori semiotika, dan teori hermeneutika dijadikan landasan dalam menganalisis data. Model analisis struktural Levi-Strauss menjadi acuan analisis data cerita “Tina Orima” melalui empat tahap analisis, yaitu tahap pembacaan awal, perelasian untuk mendapatkan pemahaman sebagai dasar interpretasi, dan tahap penafsiran. Dari hasil analisis disimpulkan bahwa Tina Orima merepresentasikan watak perempuan yang mengutamakan pengorbanan demi menghindari konflik dengan adat istiadat dan orang-orang di sekitarnya.
Application of Human Rights Laws in Pakistan: A Study with Reference to International Bill of Human Rights
Authors: Hussain Amjad , Saeed Muhammad Arif , Mushtaq Shahzada Aamir 
Published: January 2022

Purpose: The present paper explores the efforts of Pakistan regarding application of Human Rights Laws. At first, the research explains the main Human Rights declarations and covenants and then their incorporation into Pakistani laws has been described.
Design/Methodology/Approach: The global perspective of Human Rights and developments at regional level has been studied by using the domestic statutes, international covenants, conventional, etc. The doctrinal method of research has been adopted to achieve the objectives of the current study.
Implication: The study has disclosed that being signatory of UNO Conventions and Declarations, the Pakistan has been under obligation to incorporate International Human Rights into its legal system.
Findings: The study finds that Pakistan has taken into consideration the international developments on Human Rights and has enacted various laws accordingly to promote the fundamental liberties.