bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reliability and Validity of the Adolescence Stress Scale (ADOSS) for Indian Adolescents
Authors: Jagannathan Narayanaswamy , Anjana Ranjit Mohan , Mehreen Thaharullah Shah , Yuvarani Kanniyappan , Sathishkumar Dhanasekar , Poongothai Subramani , Mohan Viswanathan , Latha Sathish , Ranjani Harish 
Published: October 2022

Background: Stress levels increase tremendously in adolescence. Indian adolescents derive much of their stress from school and family pressures. Developing a standardized tool to assess adolescent stress can help early diagnosis. This article aimed to assess the reliability and validity of the ADOlescence Stress Scale (ADOSS). Methods: ADOSS was administrated by trained interviewers to 100 adolescents (10–17 years) of both sexes in Chennai, South India. Salivary cortisol was used as an objective measure of stress in 40 adolescents. Reliability was assessed within a two weeks interval. Exploratory factor analysis was done for the baseline ADOSS scores. The internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha and spilt-half correlation), test-retest agreement (Kappa value), and inter-rater reliability (ICC) were assessed. Pearson correlation between salivary cortisol and ADOSS score was done. Results: The inter-factor correlation between the inherent four ADOSS factors (personal, academic, family, and social) was between 0.73 and 0.87, and split-half correlation was between 0.70 and 0.83, showing that the factors are reliable and coherent. Test-retest agreement was Kappa: 0.63, P = 0.001, and ICC was 0.84. Pearson correlation showed a statistically significant positive correlation between cortisol levels and ADOSS scores ( r = 0.87, P = 0.001). Conclusion: ADOSS is a reliable and valid tool to assess the overall stress of Indian adolescents in the age group of 10–17 years.
Morphometric and Biomechanical Comparison of the Scapular Spine and Coracoid Graft in Anterior Shoulder Instability
Authors: Kuan Fa-Chuan , Hsu Kai-Lan , Lin Fang-Hsien , Hong Chih-Kai , Chen Yueh , Shih Chien-An , Su Wei-Ren 
Published: October 2022

Background: The scapular spine has been described as a relatively new bone graft alternative used in glenoid augmentation. The classic Latarjet procedure, which transfers the coracoid as a graft, is regarded as the gold standard. The comparison of these 2 techniques has not been fully reported. Purpose: To compare the anatomic and biomechanical properties of glenoid augmentation using scapular spine graft or coracoid graft. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: The study used 20 fresh-frozen human cadaveric shoulders. A 25% anterior glenoid defect was created, and the specimens were divided randomly to receive glenoid augmentation by scapular spine or coracoid grafts. For both procedures, the grafts were secured to the glenoid defect with 2 screws. Morphometric data, including the glenoid articular area, amount of restoration, and graft dimensions, were obtained. A biomechanical test was conducted in a direct-loading scenario. The construct stiffness, cyclic displacement, and ultimate failure of each specimen were collected. Results: No significant difference was found in glenoid articular restoration between the scapular spine group and the coracoid group (31% vs 33%, respectively; P = .311). Morphometric analysis indicated that coracoid grafts exhibited significantly greater thickness and height than scapular spine grafts. In biomechanical results, the scapular spine group exhibited significantly greater construct stiffness than the coracoid group (206.3 ± 58.8 vs 148.3 ± 76.0 N/mm, respectively; P = .023). The average failure load in the scapular spine group was not significantly higher than that in the coracoid group. No significant differences in cyclic displacement were found between the 2 techniques. Conclusion: In a simulated 25% anterior glenoid bony defect, a scapular spine graft was comparable with the classic Latarjet procedure in restoring the glenoid articular dimension and exhibited superior construct stiffness in a cadaveric model. Clinical Relevance: The scapular spine may serve as an alternative graft choice in glenoid augmentation surgery considering the amount of articular restoration and initial fixation stability.
A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial of an Online Educational Program for Primiparous Women to Improve Breastfeeding
Authors: Wong Mei Sze , Chien Wai Tong 
Published: October 2022

Background: There are different approaches to breastfeeding interventions, but the global 6-month exclusive breastfeeding rates remain suboptimal. The COVID-19 pandemic has brought extra difficulties in promoting breastfeeding. Research Aim: To test the feasibility and effectiveness of a theory-based, real-time online educational and support program for breastfeeding related outcomes. Methods: An assessor-blinded, prospective pilot randomized controlled trial with parallel-group, repeated-measures design was used. The sample was low-risk primiparous mothers ( N = 40) who delivered in the local public hospitals. Study outcomes consisted of exclusive breastfeeding rate, breastfeeding self-efficacy, and other breastfeeding outcomes measured by a self-reported questionnaire, including the Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. Comparisons between the differences in the intervention and control groups were carried out. Results: Thirteen participants in the intervention group successfully completed the program. They had a higher exclusive breastfeeding rate, breastfeeding self-efficacy, breastfeeding initiation rate, and longer exclusive breastfeeding duration than the control group. Additionally, the intervention group had a lower partial breastfeeding rate, and a higher maternal postnatal depression score and infant’s morbidity at postnatal 2 months. However, all the results were not statistically significant ( p > .050). Overall, the intervention was highly valued by all participants who appreciated the regular postnatal follow-ups. Conclusions: Despite showing the satisfactory feasibility of the program, no significant improvements were found in all study outcomes. Considering the participants’ comments, we suggest refining and further testing the intervention with a larger sample size over a longer-term follow-up to confirm its effectiveness. This study has been registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04741425)
What is the outcome after a Girdlestone resection arthroplasty following a hip fracture?
Authors: Shah Nikki , Parker Martyn J 
Published: October 2022

Background: Joint infections or the complications of hip surgery may necessitate a Girdlestone resection arthroplasty. This is often kept as a last resort for patients with significant co-morbidities or when other treatments have been ineffective. The aim of this study was to define the outcome after Girdlestone excision arthroplasty when undertaken as a primary or secondary procedure for a hip fracture. Patients and methods: This is a retrospective review of a prospectively collected database involving 36 patients who underwent a Girdlestone procedure over a 30-year period. It compares the outcome for the 19 patients who survived to 1 year with those of 38 matched hip fracture patients. Results: Pain persisted in most patients after the procedure and was universal in those patients who could walk. Most patients experienced a significant loss of independence and a reduction in mobility status: 12/19 (63.1%) of those who survived to 1 year were immobile and of the remainder, all needed a Zimmer frame to walk. Overall, 41.7% of patients had died within 1 year of undergoing the procedure. Conclusions: This study concludes that Girdlestone resection arthroplasty after a hip fracture is associated with a high degree of morbidity and mortality and therefore, should only be used as a salvage procedure after all other surgical measures have been exhausted.
A Phase 1 randomized study of GSK3732394, an investigational long-acting biologic treatment regimen for HIV-1 infection
Authors: Krystal Mark , Chabria Shiven , Austin Daren , Wolstenholme Allen , Wensel David , Lataillade Max , Abberbock Judah , Baker Mark , Ackerman Peter 
Published: October 2022

Background The GSK3732394 multivalent protein was developed as a novel, long-acting, antiretroviral biologic treatment regimen with three independent, non–cross-resistant mechanisms for inhibiting HIV-1 entry. Methods A single-centre, Phase 1, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study was conducted in healthy volunteers, using a 2-part adaptive study design: in Part 1, participants were randomized to receive subcutaneous injection of GSK3732394 or placebo (3:1) as single ascending doses (10-mg starting dose); in Part 2, participants were intended to receive multiple ascending doses. Primary and secondary objectives included safety, pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD; cluster of differentiation four receptor occupancy [CD4 RO]) of GSK3732394 in healthy adults; PK/PD results in healthy volunteers were used to project HIV-1 treatment success. Results The most frequently reported adverse event was injection site reactions (ISRs; 8/18 [44%]). Most ISRs were mild (Grade 1–2; n = 7); one participant experienced a Grade 3 ISR (erythema ≥10 cm). All ISRs were delayed in onset (after Day 10). GSK3732394 demonstrated linear PK across all cohorts. Clearance was faster than expected, and PK/PD results were lower than expected, with the maximum dose investigated (80 mg) achieving mean trough CD4 RO of ∼25% on Day 7. The study was terminated as the PK/PD model linking PK and CD4 RO indicated that the maximum planned doses would not achieve the desired therapeutic profile. Conclusions This study demonstrated successful deployment of PK/PD dose relationships in the design and conduct of clinical trials by leveraging the findings toward predicting probability of success, resulting in appropriate early termination ( ClinicalTrials.gov , NCT03984812).
Postmortem Genetic Testing Is an Increasingly Utilized Tool in Death Investigation
Authors: Latimer Rebecca , MacLeod Heather , Dellefave-Castillo Lisa , Macaya Daniela , Hart Tara R. 
Published: October 2022

Introduction: Postmortem genetic testing (PMGT) can provide valuable information about an individual’s cause of death and potentially allow at-risk relatives to discern their risks for inherited cardiac disease. Postmortem genetic testing is most often successful with certain specimens. Methods: Investigators collected data on postmortem referrals to GeneDx, LLC for PMGT. Orders were reviewed and stratified based on provider, specimen type, and tests ordered. Discussion: This cohort included 601 deceased individuals referred for PMGT with a total of 673 genetic tests ordered from 247 different providers. The most common test categories ordered were arrhythmia (33.4%) and cardiomyopathy (29.3%). A likely pathogenic or pathogenic genetic variant was identified in approximately 15% of patients. Blood in EDTA was received for 21.6% of patients with a 95% success rate for completion of all test components. Blood samples in EDTA were most successful in completing PMGT, but sequencing was still successful in the majority of suboptimal specimens. Conclusion: The use of PMGT is increasing. Obtaining optimal samples (blood in EDTA) is important for successful completion of genetic testing. Obstacles may still exist for obtaining and storing ideal specimens. Continued efforts are needed for education and awareness around appropriate specimen types, storage and shipping of specimens, DNA banking, and overall availability of PMGT. In addition, access to resources such as supplies, proper storage conditions, DNA banking, and PMGT will allow for more opportunities to complete testing.
Integrating hand exoskeletons into goal-oriented clinic and home stroke and spinal cord injury rehabilitation
Authors: Yurkewich Aaron , Ortega Sara , Sanchez José , Wang Rosalie H , Burdet Etienne 
Published: October 2022

Introduction Robotic exoskeletons are emerging as rehabilitation and assistive technologies that simultaneously restore function and enable independence for people with disabilities. Aim We investigated the feasibility and orthotic and restorative effects of an exoskeleton-supported goal-directed rehabilitation program for people with hand impairments after stroke or Spinal Cord Injury (SCI). Method A single-arm case-series feasibility study was conducted using a wearable untethered hand exoskeleton during goal-directed therapy programs with in-clinic and at-home components. Therapists trained stroke and SCI patients to use a hand exoskeleton during rehabilitation exercises, activities of daily living and patient-selected goals. Each patient received a 1-hour in-clinic training session on five consecutive days, then took the exoskeleton home for two consecutive days to perform therapist-recommended tasks. Goal Attainment Scaling (GAS) and the Box and Block Test (BBT) were administered at baseline, after in-clinic therapy and after home use, with and again without wearing the exoskeleton. The System Usability Scale (SUS), Motor Activity Log, and Fugl-Meyer Assessment were also administered to assess the intervention’s acceptability, adherence, usability and effectiveness. Results Four stroke patients (Chedoke McMaster Stage of Hand 2–4) and one SCI patient (ASIA C8 Motor Stage 1) 23 ± 19 months post-injury wore the hand exoskeleton to perform 280 ± 23 exercise repetitions in the clinic and additional goal-oriented tasks at home. The patients performed their own goals and the dexterity task with higher performance following the 7-days therapy program in comparison to baseline for both exoskeleton-assisted (ΔGAS: 18 ± 10, ΔBBT: 1 ± 5) and unassisted (ΔGAS: 14 ± 14, ΔBBT: 3 ± 4) assessments. Therapists and patients provided ‘good’ SUS ratings of 78 ± 6 and no harmful events were reported. Conclusions The exoskeleton-supported stroke and SCI therapy program with in-clinic and at-home training components was feasible.
A machine learning-based data mining in medical examination data: a biological features-based biological age prediction model
Authors: Yang Qing , Gao Sunan , Lin Junfen , Lyu Ke , Wu Zexu , Chen Yuhao , Qiu Yinwei , Zhao Yanrong , Wang Wei , Lin Tianxiang , Pan Huiyun , Chen Ming 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundBiological age (BA) has been recognized as a more accurate indicator of aging than chronological age (CA). However, the current limitations include: insufficient attention to the incompleteness of medical data for constructing BA; Lack of machine learning-based BA (ML-BA) on the Chinese population; Neglect of the influence of model overfitting degree on the stability of the association results.Methods and resultsBased on the medical examination data of the Chinese population (45–90 years), we first evaluated the most suitable missing interpolation method, then constructed 14 ML-BAs based on biomarkers, and finally explored the associations between ML-BAs and health statuses (healthy risk indicators and disease). We found that round-robin linear regression interpolation performed best, while AutoEncoder showed the highest interpolation stability. We further illustrated the potential overfitting problem in ML-BAs, which affected the stability of ML-Bas’ associations with health statuses. We then proposed a composite ML-BA based on the Stacking method with a simple meta-model (STK-BA), which overcame the overfitting problem, and associated more strongly with CA (r = 0.66,P < 0.001), healthy risk indicators, disease counts, and six types of disease.ConclusionWe provided an improved aging measurement method for middle-aged and elderly groups in China, which can more stably capture aging characteristics other than CA, supporting the emerging application potential of machine learning in aging research.
Genome-wide meta-QTL analyses provide novel insight into disease resistance repertoires in common bean
Authors: Rahmanzadeh Asma , Khahani Bahman , Taghavi S. Mohsen , Khojasteh Moein , Osdaghi Ebrahim 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundCommon bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) is considered a staple food in a number of developing countries. Several diseases attack the crop leading to substantial economic losses around the globe. However, the crop has rarely been investigated for multiple disease resistance traits using Meta-analysis approach.Results and conclusionsIn this study, in order to identify the most reliable and stable quantitative trait loci (QTL) conveying disease resistance in common bean, we carried out a meta-QTL (MQTL) analysis using 152 QTLs belonging to 44 populations reported in 33 publications within the past 20 years. These QTLs were decreased into nine MQTLs and the average of confidence interval (CI) was reduced by 2.64 folds with an average of 5.12 cM in MQTLs. Uneven distribution of MQTLs across common bean genome was noted where sub-telomeric regions carry most of the corresponding genes and MQTLs. One MQTL was identified to be specifically associated with resistance to halo blight disease caused by the bacterial pathogenPseudomonas savastanoipv.phaseolicola, while three and one MQTLs were specifically associated with resistance to white mold and anthracnose caused by the fungal pathogensSclerotinia sclerotiorumandColletotrichum lindemuthianum, respectively. Furthermore, two MQTLs were detected governing resistance to halo blight and anthracnose, while two MQTLs were detected for resistance against anthracnose and white mold, suggesting putative genes governing resistance against these diseases at a shared locus. Comparative genomics and synteny analyses provide a valuable strategy to identify a number of well‑known functionally described genes as well as numerous putative novels candidate genes in common bean,Arabidopsisand soybean genomes.
Temporary ICUs during the COVID-19 pandemic first wave: description of the cohort at a French centre
Authors: Zappella Nathalie , Dirani Chadi , Lortat Jacob Brice , Tanaka Sébastien , Kantor Elie , El Kalai Adnan , Rkik Yassine , Gouel Cheron Aurélie , Tran Dinh Alexy , Montravers Philippe 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
During the COVID-19 first wave in France, the capacity of intensive care unit (ICU) beds almost doubled, mainly because of the opening of temporary ICUs with staff and equipment from anaesthesia.

Objectives
We aim to investigate if the initial management in temporary ICU is associated with a change in ICU mortality and short-term prognosis.

Design
Retrospective single-centre cohort study.

Setting
Surgical ICU of the Bichat Claude Bernard University Hospital during the COVID-19 “first wave” (from 18 March to 10 April 2020).

Patients
All consecutive patients older than 18 years of age with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection and/or typical radiological patterns were included during their first stay in the ICU for COVID-19.

Intervention
Patients were admitted to a temporary ICU if no room was available in the classical ICU and if they needed invasive mechanical ventilation but no renal replacement therapy or Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) in the short term. The temporary ICUs were managed by mixed teams (from the ICU and anaesthesiology departments) following a common protocol and staff meetings.

Main outcome measure
ICU mortality

Results
Among the 59 patients admitted, 37 (62.7%) patients had initial management in the temporary ICU. They had the same characteristics on admission and the same medical management as patients admitted to the classical ICU. ICU mortality was similar in the 2 groups (32.4% in temporary ICUs versus 40.9% in classical ICUs; p=0.58). SAPS-II and ECMO use were associated with mortality in multivariate analysis but not admission to the temporary ICU.

Conclusion
In an overload context of the ICU of a geographical area, our temporary ICU model allowed access to intensive care for all patients requiring it without endangering them.
Knowledge, safety, and teamwork: a qualitative study on the experiences of anaesthesiologists and nurse anaesthetists working in the preanaesthesia assessment clinic
Authors: Kristoffersen Eirunn Wallevik , Opsal Anne , Tveit Tor Oddbjørn , Fossum Mariann 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
The preanaesthesia assessment clinic (PAC) has been shown to contribute to safe anaesthesia assessment in hospitals. In the PAC, patients are assessed with an interview and can also ask relevant questions about anaesthesia. The intention is to ensure that patients are comprehensively prepared for the surgery and hospital stay. Although earlier studies have assessed the effects of PAC, attitudes and satisfaction of the healthcare personnel working in PAC remain unknown. Thus, this study aimed to examine the experiences of anaesthesiologists and nurse anaesthetists working in PACs as well as to explore barriers and facilitators in this context.

Methods
A descriptive qualitative approach was used to explore the experiences of anaesthesiologists and nurse anaesthetists working in PACs. Thirteen semi-structured interviews were conducted using face-to-face, telephone, or digital platforms in five hospitals in west, south, and north Norway between 2020 and 2021. The interviews were transcribed and thematically analysed according to Braun and Clarke’s six-steps semantic reflexive analysis.

Results
Four themes and nine subthemes were identified through an active analysis process, including developing competence in clinical anaesthesia practice, identifying barriers and facilitators influencing collaboration and teamwork, improving patient safety and outcomes through structured assessment, and identifying other organisational factors affecting the delivery of healthcare to surgical patients.

Conclusions
Working in the PAC contributed to competence development among the personnel. Additionally, teamwork was considered important for the proper functioning of the PAC. Patient safety was perceived as improved owning to the structured assessment in PAC, with patients getting the opportunity to improve their knowledge and being more involved in the upcoming anaesthesia.