bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Energy Prosumers’ Spillovers and the Policy Effect: Comparing Two Alpine Valleys in Styria and South Tyrol
Authors: Braito Michael 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe article identifies and compares spillover effects of prosumers (electricity producers and consumers) in different incentive regimes. Prosumers are expected to reduce their energy consumption and increase their environmentally friendly behavior. Such spillover effects are promising for sustainability initiatives – however, researchers have not demonstrated these behavioral effects consistently. I hypothesize that these inconsistent results are related to how households were induced to become prosumers in the first place. To test this hypothesis, prosumers and non-prosumers of different incentive regimes are compared. Statistics show that monetary incentives can lead to adverse spillover effects and that collective prosumers generate the strongest positive spillovers. Results encourage sustainability initiatives to offset financial benefits to promote sustainable lifestyles.
Architektur der Vermarktlichung: Die Institutionalisierung und Konstitutionalisierung des Wettbewerbsprinzips
Authors: Jaehrling Karen , Stiehm Christin 
Published: August 2022

ZusammenfassungAb dem Ende der 1980er Jahre wurden in der öffentlichen Auftragsvergabe auf europäischer und nationaler Ebene Marktprinzipien intensiviert, in Form einer Verdichtung und forcierten Durchsetzung von wettbewerbsschützenden Regeln. Diese Vermarktlichung erfolgt im Modus der Verrechtlichung, also gestützt auf Verfahren, Akteure und Doktrine des Rechtssystems. Die verschiedenen Facetten dieser Entwicklung – etwa die Einführung neuer Regeln und Instanzen des Bieterschutzes, oder die regulative Expansion und Vervielfältigung von Detailregeln, welche die Entscheidungsspielräume von nationaler Politik und Vergabepraxis verringern – kommt einer Institutionalisierung und Quasi-Konstitutionalisierung des Wettbewerbsprinzips gleich, die in dieser Qualität neu ist.
Sozialpolitisierung: Der Einzug von sozialen Kriterien ins Vergaberecht
Authors: Jaehrling Karen , Stiehm Christin 
Published: August 2022

ZusammenfassungNahezu zeitgleich zum Beginn der Vermarktlichung hat auch das Ringen um den Stellenwert sozialer und anderer ‚vergabefremder‘ Ziele eingesetzt. Diese ‚Sozialpolitisierung‘ erfolgt im Modus der Politisierung – also gestützt auf Verfahren, Akteure und Ziel-Programme des politischen Systems. Im Ergebnis öffnen die jüngsten Gesetzesreformen und Gerichtsurteile auf europäischer Ebene die öffentliche Auftragsvergabe mehr denn je für soziale Zwecke, heben den Konflikt zwischen Wettbewerbsschutz und sozialen Zielen allerdings nicht auf. Vielmehr ist es hier gewissermaßen zu einer Institutionalisierung des Nebeneinanders von Vermarktlichung und Sozialpolitisierung gekommen.
Efficiency of Surface Monitoring Layouts for Retrieving Accurate Moment Tensors in Hydraulic Fracturing Experiments
Authors: Ren Yi , Vavryčuk Václav , Gao Yongtao , Wu Shunchuan , Gan Yixiong 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe study the sensor layouts of surface monitoring systems for injection areas in hydraulic fracturing experiments, which maximize the accuracy of retrieved moment tensors. The moment tensors (MTs) are determined using noisy synthetic P-wave amplitudes of microearthquakes with varying mechanisms. An optimum sensor layout is searched by minimizing a difference between the true and inverted MTs. First, we tested the efficiency of the circular networks. We focused on one-circle and two-circle layouts of various sizes and numbers of sensors on each circle and with their centre in the epicentral region. The results show that the optimal layout for events distributed within a circular epicentral area is characterized by: (1) one sensor fixed in the centre of the area; (2) about 1/10 of the total number of sensors gathered near the centre; and (3) the rest of sensors evenly distributed on a circle surrounding the area with the take-off angle of 135°. In homogeneous media, this angle corresponds to the radius of the circle comparable with depth of microearthquakes. Second, we compared the efficiency of the circular layout with other layouts: regular-grid, star-shaped and uniform focal-sphere layouts. Taking 25 sensors and 81 sensors as examples, we show that the two-circle layout is always the best, which means that we can achieve more accurate MTs using the circular layout than with other layouts, if the number of sensors in the experiment is fixed. This contradicts a common opinion that networks, which cover the target area, work equally well irrespective of their layout.
Inhibitory effects of methanol extracts from Fallopia japonica and F. × bohemica rhizomes and selected phenolic compounds on radish germination and root growth
Authors: Šoln Katarina , Horvat Monika , Iskra Jernej , Dolenc Koce Jasna 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAllelopathic plants release secondary compounds into the soil that then suppress the growth of nearby plants. Allelopathy has been shown for the invasive Japanese knotweed (Fallopia japonica) and Bohemian knotweed (F. × bohemica). The aggressive and dominant invaders represent a serious threat to the local plant communities outside their native range. Here, we analysed the phenols in the knotweed rhizomes using nuclear magnetic resonance. We also evaluated the allelopathic potential of methanol extracts of F. japonica and F. × bohemica rhizomes and compared these with the effects of the individual knotweed phenols resveratrol, epicatechin and emodin, and their mixture. Rhizomes of both knotweeds contained similar amounts of epicatechin and emodin, with 24% higher resveratrol in F. × bohemica. Only the F. × bohemica methanol extract inhibited radish (Raphanus sativus) seed germination. After 3 days of treatments with 10% (w/v) extracts of both knotweeds, radish seedlings showed up to 70% shorter roots. In contrast, root growth of seedlings treated with the individual phenols resveratrol, epicatechin and emodin, and their mixture, was inhibited by up to 30%, similar to the 1% knotweed extracts. Biochemical parameters of oxidative stress also increased in the roots of treated seedlings, with high levels of malondialdehyde in particular indicating lipid peroxidation. Total antioxidative capacity was also increased in seedlings exposed to 0.6 mg/mL resveratrol and emodin. This study shows higher allelopathic potential of the knotweed methanol extracts compared to the individual phenols and their mixture.
Gabor frames for rational functions
Authors: Belov Yurii , Kulikov Aleksei , Lyubarskii Yurii 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe study the frame properties of the Gabor systems $$\begin{aligned} {\mathfrak {G}}(g;\alpha ,\beta ):=\{e^{2\pi i \beta m x}g(x-\alpha n)\}_{m,n\in {\mathbb {Z}}}. \end{aligned}$$

G

(
g
;
α
,
β
)

:
=

{

e

2
π
i
β
m
x

g

(
x
-
α
n
)

}

m
,
n
∈
Z

.

In particular, we prove that for Herglotz windows g such systems always form a frame for $$L^2({\mathbb {R}})$$

L
2

(
R
)

if $$\alpha ,\beta >0$$

α
,
β
>
0

, $$\alpha \beta \le 1$$

α
β
≤
1

. For general rational windows $$g\in L^2({\mathbb {R}})$$

g
∈

L
2

(
R
)

we prove that $${\mathfrak {G}}(g;\alpha ,\beta )$$

G
(
g
;
α
,
β
)

is a frame for $$L^2({\mathbb {R}})$$

L
2

(
R
)

if $$0<\alpha ,\beta $$

0
<
α
,
β

, $$\alpha \beta <1$$

α
β
<
1

, $$\alpha \beta \not \in {\mathbb {Q}}$$

α
β
∉
Q

and $${\hat{g}}(\xi )\ne 0$$

g
^

(
ξ
)

≠
0

, $$\xi >0$$

ξ
>
0

, thus confirming Daubechies conjecture for this class of functions. We also discuss some related questions, in particular sampling in shift-invariant subspaces of $$L^2({\mathbb {R}})$$

L
2

(
R
)

.
Defining the canal for ischial and pubic screws in cup revision surgery
Authors: Brodt Steffen , Boersch Vincent , Strube Patrick , Wassilew Georgi , Matziolis Georg 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose
When revising acetabular cups, it is often necessary to provide additional stabilisation with screws. In extensive defect situations, the placement of screws caudally in the ischium and/or pubis is biomechanically advantageous. Especially after multiple revision operations, the surgeon is confronted with a reduced bone stock and unclear or altered anatomy. In addition, screw placement caudally is associated with greater risk. Therefore, the present study aims to identify and define safe zones for the placement of caudal acetabular screws.

Methods
Forty-three complete CT datasets were used for the evaluation. Sixty-three distinctive 3D points representing bone landmark of interests were defined. The coordinates of these points were then used to calculate all the parameters. For simplified visualisation and intra-operative reproducibility, an analogue clock was used, with 12 o’clock indicating cranial and 6 o’clock caudal.

Results
A consistent accumulation was found at around 4.5 ± 0.3 hours for the ischium and 7.9 ± 0.3 hours for the pubic bone.

Conclusions
The anatomy of the ischium and pubis is sufficiently constant to allow the positioning of screws in a standardised way. The interindividual variation is low — regardless of gender — so that the values determined can be used to position screws safely in the ischium and pubis. The values determined can provide the surgeon with additional orientation intra-operatively when placing caudal acetabular screws.
Displacement Effects of Conservation Grazing on Red Deer (Cervus elaphus) Spatial Behaviour
Authors: Weiss Fabio , Michler Frank Uwe , Gillich Benjamin , Tillmann Jörg , Ciuti Simone , Heurich Marco , Rieger Siegfried 
Published: August 2022

AbstractConservation grazing uses semi-feral or domesticated herbivores to limit encroachment in open areas and to promote biodiversity. However, we are still unaware of its effects on wild herbivores. This study investigates the influence of herded sheep and goats on red deer (Cervus elaphus) spatial behavior by testing three a-priori hypotheses: (i) red deer are expected to avoid areas used by livestock, as well as adjacent areas, when livestock are present, albeit (ii) red deer increase the use of these areas when sheep and goats are temporarily absent and (iii) there is a time-lagged disruption in red deer spatial behavior when conservation grazing practice ends. Using GPS-telemetry data on red deer from a German heathland area, we modelled their use of areas grazed by sheep and goats, using mixed-effect logistic regression. Additionally, we developed seasonal resource selection functions (use-availability design) to depict habitat selection by red deer before, during, and after conservation grazing. Red deer used areas less during conservation grazing throughout all times of the day and there was no compensatory use during nighttime. This effect mostly persisted within 21 days after conservation grazing. Effects on habitat selection of red deer were detectable up to 3000 meters away from the conservation grazing sites, with no signs of either habituation or adaption. For the first time, we demonstrate that conservation grazing can affect the spatio-temporal behavior of wild herbivores. Our findings are relevant for optimizing landscape and wildlife management when conservation grazing is used in areas where wild herbivores are present.
Characterization and Expression Analysis of Extradiol and Intradiol Dioxygenase of Phenol-Degrading Haloalkaliphilic Bacterial Isolates
Authors: Abbas Nasser H. , Elsayed Afaf , Hassan Hamdy A. , El-Sabbagh Sabha , Elbaz Ashraf F. , Khalil Hany 
Published: August 2022

AbstractHaloalkophilic bacteria have a potential advantage as a bioremediation organism of high oil-polluted and industrial wastewater. In the current study, Haloalkaliphilic isolates were obtained from Hamralake, Wadi EL-Natrun, Egypt. The phenotype script, biochemical characters, and sequence analysis of bacterial-16S rRNA were used to identify the bacterial isolates; Halomonas HA1 and Marinobacter HA2. These strains required high concentrations of NaCl to ensure bacterial growth, especially Halomonas HA1 strain. Notably, both isolates can degrade phenol at optimal pH values, between 8 and 9, with the ability to grow in pH levels up to 11, like what was seen in the Halomonas HA1 strain. Moreover, both isolates represent two different mechanistic pathways for phenol degradation. Halomonas HA1 exploits the 1,2 phenol meta-cleavage pathway, while Marinobacter HA2 uses the 2,3 ortho-cleavage pathway as indicated by universal primers for 1,2 and 2,3 CTD genes. Interestingly, Marinobacter HA2 isolate eliminated the added phenol within an incubation period of 72 h, while the Halomonas HA1 isolate invested 96 h in degrading 84% of the same amount of phenol. Phylogenetic analysis of these 1,2 CTD (catechol dioxygenase) sequences clearly showed an evolutionary relationship between 1,2 dioxygenases of both Halomonadaceae and Pseudomonadaceae. In comparison, 2,3 CTD of Marinobacter HA2 shared the main domains of the closely related species. Furthermore, semi-quantitative RT-PCR analysis proved the constitutive expression pattern of both dioxygenase genes. These findings provide new isolates of Halomonas sp. and Marinobacter sp. that can degrade phenol at high salt and pH conditions via two independent mechanisms.
Comparing treatment of proximal phalangeal fractures with intramedullary screws versus plating
Authors: Silins Kaspars , Turkmen Tutku , Vögelin Esther , Haug Luzian C. P. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Phalangeal fractures are the most common injuries in humans and account for approximately 10% of all fractures. With plate fixation, anatomic reduction is achievable in most cases, but extension lag is seen in up to 67%. Intramedullary headless screw offers treatment of unstable proximal phalangeal fractures using a minimally invasive procedure with very few complications. One of the major disadvantages of this technique is the transarticular screw position, damaging the articular surface and thus preventing very proximal fractures from being treated with a distally inserted screw. In this study, we present a modified approach to the fixation of the proximal phalangeal fractures and compare outcomes with plate osteosynthesis.

Materials and methods
Twenty-nine patients with 31 comparable fractures of the proximal phalanx were treated either with a plate (14) or with minimal invasive cannulated compression screw (17). Pain, strength, range of motion (ROM), work disability and QuickDASH score were assessed.

Results
TAM was significantly better in the screw group. The extension lag was worse in the plate group. Plate removal had to be performed in 13 of 14 the cases, while the screw had to be removed in only 3 cases. The average duration of work disability was 9.9 weeks in the plate group, compared to 5.6 weeks in the screw group.

Conclusion
Minimally invasive screw osteosynthesis not only has the advantage of significantly shorter work disabilities, but also shows remarkably improved postoperative range of motion. In contrast to plate osteosynthesis, removal of the screw is only necessary in exceptional cases. With the antegrade screws position, even difficult fractures close to the base can be treated without destroying any articular surface. In proximal phalanx fractures with both options of plate or single-screw osteosynthesis, we recommend minimal invasive cannulated screw osteosynthesis.
Isolated non-immune hydrops fetalis: an observational study on complete spontaneous resolution, perinatal outcome, and long-term follow-up
Authors: Neveling Sophie , Knippel Alexander Johannes , Kozlowski Peter 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The aim of our study was to investigate spontaneous resolution and postnatal outcome in non-immune hydrops fetalis (NIHF). We specifically studied NIHF cases that occurred without any other anomalies in the prenatal diagnostic workup, defined as isolated NIHF (iNIHF).

Methods
To identify iNIHF we retrospectively classified prenatal findings of 700 NIHF singletons, diagnosed in our prenatal referral center between 1997 and 2016. We studied the occurrence of prenatal resolution in iNIHF and linked it to the perinatal outcome. We obtained long-term outcome by contacting the parents, children, and the pediatricians and listed all functional and structural anomalies and temporary logopedic, psychosocial and motoric impairments.

Results
Among 70 iNIHF cases, 54 (77.1%) resolved completely prenatally. The baby-take-home rate was 98.1% in these cases. In contrast, the baby-take-home rate in the subgroup without complete resolution was 25.0%.
We achieved pediatric long-term outcome in 27 of 57 survivors (47.4%) of iNIHF with a mean follow-up period of 10.9 years. Among these 27 children, fetal hydrops had completely resolved prenatally in 26 cases and had regressed to a mild effusion in one case. In the pediatric development, two children had significant functional impairment and two children showed recurrent skin edema.

Conclusion
Complete spontaneous resolution was the most common intrauterine course of iNIHF in our collective. Completely resolved iNIHF had a favorable perinatal outcome in our study. Our data on the long-term outcomes are consistent with the assumption of an increased rate of functional impairments.

Trial registry
Internal study number of Heinrich-Heine-University, Duesseldorf: 6177R. Date of registration: December 2017.
Locally checkable problems in rooted trees
Authors: Balliu Alkida , Brandt Sebastian , Chang Yi-Jun , Olivetti Dennis , Studený Jan , Suomela Jukka , Tereshchenko Aleksandr 
Published: August 2022

AbstractConsider any locally checkable labeling problem $$\Pi $$
Π
in rooted regular trees: there is a finite set of labels $$\Sigma $$
Σ
, and for each label $$x \in \Sigma $$

x
∈
Σ

we specify what are permitted label combinations of the children for an internal node of label x (the leaf nodes are unconstrained). This formalism is expressive enough to capture many classic problems studied in distributed computing, including vertex coloring, edge coloring, and maximal independent set. We show that the distributed computational complexity of any such problem $$\Pi $$
Π
falls in one of the following classes: it is O(1), $$\Theta (\log ^* n)$$

Θ
(

log
∗

n
)

, $$\Theta (\log n)$$

Θ
(
log
n
)

, or $$n^{\Theta (1)}$$

n

Θ
(
1
)

rounds in trees with n nodes (and all of these classes are nonempty). We show that the complexity of any given problem is the same in all four standard models of distributed graph algorithms: deterministic $$\mathsf {LOCAL}$$
LOCAL
, randomized $$\mathsf {LOCAL}$$
LOCAL
, deterministic $$\mathsf {CONGEST}$$
CONGEST
, and randomized $$\mathsf {CONGEST}$$
CONGEST
model. In particular, we show that randomness does not help in this setting, and the complexity class $$\Theta (\log \log n)$$

Θ
(
log
log
n
)

does not exist (while it does exist in the broader setting of general trees). We also show how to systematically determine the complexity class of any such problem $$\Pi $$
Π
, i.e., whether $$\Pi $$
Π
takes O(1), $$\Theta (\log ^* n)$$

Θ
(

log
∗

n
)

, $$\Theta (\log n)$$

Θ
(
log
n
)

, or $$n^{\Theta (1)}$$

n

Θ
(
1
)

rounds. While the algorithm may take exponential time in the size of the description of $$\Pi $$
Π
, it is nevertheless practical: we provide a freely available implementation of the classifier algorithm, and it is fast enough to classify many problems of interest.
How Valid and Reliable Is the International Dysphagia Diet Standardisation Initiative (IDDSI) When Translated into Another Language?
Authors: Dahlström Sara , Henning Ida , McGreevy Jenny , Bergström Liza 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSwallowing difficulties are estimated to affect 590 million people worldwide and the modification of food and fluids is considered the cornerstone of dysphagia management. Contemporary practice uses the International Dysphagia Diet Standardisation Initiative (IDDSI), however, the validity and reliability of IDDSI when translated into another language has not been investigated. This study describes the translation process and confirms the validity and reliability of IDDSI when translated into another language (Swedish). The translation used a 12-step process based on the World Health Organization recommendations. Validity was tested using Content Validity Index (CVI) based on three ratings by a panel of 10–12 experts (Dietitians and Speech-Language Pathologists [SLPs]). The translation was rated for linguistic correlation as well as understandability and applicability in a Swedish context. Inter-rater reliability was calculated using Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) from 20 SLP assessments of 10 previously published patient cases. Significant improvement (p < 0.05) of CVI between Expert Panel assessments was shown for linguistic correlation (improvement from 0.74–0.98) and understandability/applicability (improvement from 0.79–0.93 across ratings). Excellent validity (Item-CVI > 0.78 and Scale-CVI/Average > 0.8) and very high inter-rater reliability (ICC > 0.9) were demonstrated. Results show that, when using a multi-step translation process, a translated version of IDDSI (into Swedish) demonstrates high validity and reliability. This further contributes to the evidence for use of IDDSI.
Variable climate suitability for wheat blast (Magnaporthe oryzae pathotype Triticum) in Asia: results from a continental-scale modeling approach
Authors: Montes Carlo , Hussain Sk. Ghulam , Krupnik Timothy J. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractCrop fungal diseases constitute a major cause of yield loss. The development of crop disease monitoring and forecasting tools is an important effort to aid farmers in adapting to climate variability and change. Recognizing weather as a main driver of fungal disease outbreaks, this work assesses the climate suitability for wheat blast (Magnaporthe oryzaepathotype Triticum, MoT) development in Asian wheat-producing countries.MoTwas reported for the first time in Bangladesh in 2016 and could spread to other countries, provided that environmental conditions are suitable to spore development, distribution, and infection. With results from a generic infection model driven by air temperature and humidity, and motivated by the necessity to assess the potential distribution of MoT based on the response to weather drivers only, we quantify potentialMoTinfection events across Asia for the period 1980–2019. The results show a potential higher incidence ofMoTin Bangladesh, Myanmar, and some areas of India, where the number of potential infection (NPI) events averaged up to 15 during wheat heading. Interannual trends show an increase in NPI over those three countries, which in turns show their higher interannual variability. Cold/dry conditions in countries such as Afghanistan and Pakistan appear to render them unlikely candidates forMoTestablishment. The relationship between seasonal climate anomalies and NPI suggests a greater association with relative humidity than with temperature. These results could help to focus future efforts to develop management strategies where weather conditions are conducive for the establishment ofMoT.