bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Monitoring and analysis of the multi-disc comminution characteristics
Authors: Kruszelnicka W 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Comminution processes are one of the most commonly used in food, chemical, cosmetics, pharmaceutical industry as well as the part of the recycling activities. Disc or multi-disc mills play and important role in the comminution of biomaterials cause of their high effectiveness and throughput. One of the challenges, which the comminution technology has been facing for the long time, is decreasing the energy consumption and increasing throughput. To achieve this, the complex knowledge about the comminution process inside the mill should be available. For this reason, the in-time monitoring systems of comminution characteristics, which ensures identification of the relations between changes of process parameters and comminution characteristics, for example power consumption, size reduction ratio, throughput, and specific energy consumption were applicated to the mills. This study was aimed to analyze and identify certain relationships between comminution process control parameters (eg. speed of dosing the batch, velocity of comminution elements) and comminution characteristics. The experiment on five-disc mill was carried out to achieve the goals. The different disc velocities and batch dosing speeds were tested during rice and corn comminution. The results show that the power consumption during the process is correlated with disc velocities cumulative gradient and the throughput correlated with batch dosing speed.
Reinforcing concrete with recycled plastic wastes
Authors: Baciu A M , Kiss I , Desnica E , Sárosi J 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Solid waste is one of the many factors that negatively affect the environment. The plastic is an important type of solid waste with a strong environmental impact, all types of plastic used in daily life becoming, sooner or later, waste. Therefore, increasing consumption of various types of plastic products is one of the most important challenges in environmental protection. From different perspectives, waste reuse is important because it helps to recycle in the production process, reduces environmental pollution, and helps sustain and conserve non–renewable natural resources. On another hand, many constructions require precise techniques and technologies that can utilize a number of new materials. Also, the lightweight building material industry is considered useful in promoting reused materials. In this context, the use of simple concrete and reinforced concrete is somewhat restricted by specific phenomena such as: cracking, fire resistance, shrinkage, shock resistance, wear resistance, durability, etc. For this reason, an improvement in the performance of the concrete can be obtained by adding in their mass of reinforcements dispersed in the form of fibres from different materials. The dispersed reinforced concrete results in the inclusion of a variable amount of discontinuous fibres in the concrete mass. These fibres can be of different types and sizes and have different properties. This type of reinforcements has become a major research subject in recent years. Therefore, using plastic waste in the materials industry is an environmental solution to minimize the proportion of landfills used in waste incineration. Reusing plastics as concrete additives could also redirect old water and soda bottles, the bulk of which would otherwise end up in a landfill. Research has focused on the impact of adding plastic material to fresh and hardened concrete. This study aims to investigate the use of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) wastes in concrete.
Unconventional method of cutting aluminum plates using fiber laser with oxygen assist gas
Authors: Zgripcea L , Socalici A , Putan V , Birtok Băneasă C 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The process of cutting aluminum plates is widely used in automotive industry, especial in the last years for new electrical vehicles. Conventional method of cutting uses CO2 and fiber lasers together with nitrogen used as assist gas. This paper presents new method of cutting aluminum sheets using pulsed fiber laser in combination with oxygen instead of nitrogen. Experiments were made using different frequencies for the laser pulse in order to minimize laser dross, minimize kerf size, maximize cutting speed and maximize thickness range.
Optimization of fast neutron and X-ray pulse shape discrimination (PSD) using an EJ276G scintillator in high radiation mixed conditions
Authors: Song G. , Lee S. , Park J. , Kim W. , Ko K. , Kim H. , Cho G. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Organic crystalline, liquid, and plastic scintillators with low Z-number materials are commonly used in fast neutron detectors. Pulse shape discrimination (PSD) is used to distinguish neutrons from X-rays because these detectors are affected by X-rays due to Compton scattering during fast neutron measurement. PSD was performed with a 1 × 1 × 3 cm3 EJ276G plastic scintillator, SiPM, and DAQ (10-bit resolution, 400 MHz) using the charge comparison method, which compares the total charge (Q
body) and the delayed charge (Q
tail) from the peak. Most studies have been conducted under laboratory conditions, such as with 252Cf or 241Am-Be sources. This study will perform PSD in a 15 MeV electron accelerator with a total flux of 6.72 × 1014 #/sec and an X-ray-to-neutron ratio of up to 4071:1. The PSD was optimized before the measurement in high flux conditions because it was difficult to perform PSD due to the pile-up effect in these conditions. Optimization focused on the figure of merit (FoM), which is an index of PSD performance. To distinguish neutrons from X-rays under these conditions, lead shielding is necessary to reduce the X-ray-to-neutron ratio. We performed Monte Carlo N-Particle Transport Code (MCNP6) simulations to determine the optimal shielding thickness. Fast neutrons interact with lead due to its high density, which results in small neutron energy loss and direction changes by scattering. This effect can affect other pixels as noise. We plan to evaluate the neutron images under high X-ray flux conditions by comparing the images of the MCNP6 simulation results and the measurement results.
Landscape Structure’ Influence on the Source of Livelihood of the Population: The Case of Narra, Palawan Philippines
Authors: Acero Liwayway H. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Landscape structure is composed of the different patterns of land, vegetation, bodies of water, man-made structures like highways. This study describes the slope, climate, labour force, landscape structure, and source of livelihood of the population in Narra Palawan, Philippines, utilizing landscape maps: [watershed, water and land use, soil, road network, environmentally critical area network map (ECAN)], using the patch-corridor-matrix model (PCMM). The human-environment interaction models that exist in the livelihood of the population were also disclosed. Narra has been known as the “rice granary of Palawan” and is strategically situated in Southern Palawan, ninety-six (96) kilometers from Puerto Princesa City. Land use map and soil map of Narra Palawan indicate more areas for agriculture and fishery as source of livelihood of its population. Road map of Narra Palawan shows that all villages is accessible, that favours marketing of agricultural products. The controlled, traditional, and multiple use zones in ECAN map, favours agricultural production. The human-environment interaction model that prevails in their livelihood are; environmental determinism wherein the sources of livelihood depended on the resources in the environment. Ecosystem-based model is express in farming system among settler-farmers. Cultural ecology is practiced by Tagbanua and, Palaw’an wherein Swidden farming is their farming system. The use of categorical maps revealed that it influenced the livelihood sources of the population dominantly on agriculture. It attested to the fact that Narra is an agriculture-based municipality.
Influence of Atmospheric Pressure Surges on the Level of Suprapermafrost Waters and the Flow of Small Rivers (Anadyr Lowland, Chukotka)
Authors: Tregubov O. D. , Gartsman B.I. , Shamov V. V. , Lebedeva L.S. , Tarbeeva A. M. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
It is known that atmospheric pressure surges affect the discharge of underground water sources in large artesian basins. In southern latitudes, the groundwater tables change insignificantly following the diurnal variations of atmospheric pressure. There is no information on the influence of rapid changes in atmospheric pressure on the position of the surface of the suprapermafrost waters and river flow in the Arctic region. The study of the diurnal course of the level of underground suprapermafrost and surface waters was carried out to identify the links of river flow with atmospheric phenomena and cryogenic processes. It was found that the daily atmospheric pressure drop with an amplitude of 1.2 kPa in the area of the small Ugolnaya-Dionisia river, located in the Anadyr lowland in Chukotka, led to a simultaneous decrease and then an increase in the level of suprapermafrost underground and surface river basin waters by 2.5-7.8 cm. This corresponds to a short-term decrease and then an increase in the river water discharge by more than 3.5 times. To clarify the factors that determine the mechanism of the influence of atmospheric pressure on the water level and river flow, a consideration of the hydrophysical properties of aquifer-containing peat soils was carried out. Compression tests revealed that the elasticity of the peat soils horizon remains within the range of 0-15 kPa, which contributes to a dynamic change in porosity even with a slight change in the external load. This means that the atmospheric pressure changes during weather development are sufficient to modify the water capacity of peat soils and deposit them, and then discharge a part of the suprapermafrost flow. The discovered pressure impact in the tundra soils of the permafrost zone is a unique mechanism for providing plants with moisture during droughts and reducing the risk of tundra fires. As part of the further study of the pressure impact, it is planned to conduct laboratory experiments to determine the quantitative parameters of the change in the peat soils moisture capacity under pressure drops in the atmosphere. Mathematical modeling of the capillary moisture capacity of peat soils will be performed under conditions of ambient load changes. The results of experiments and theoretical studies are assumed to be useful for predicting the flow of bogged-up river basins, design of reclamation, and irrigation of areas of peat soils distribution.
Generation of pulse trains with nonconventional temporal correlation properties
Authors: Talukder Ria , Halder Atri , Koivurova Matias , Ding Chaoliang , Setälä Tero , Turunen Jari , Friberg Ari T 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We apply time dependent spectral phase modulation to generate pulse trains that are spectrally and temporally partially coherent in an ensemble averaged sense. We consider, in particular, quadratic spectral phase modulation of Gaussian pulses, and demonstrate two particular types of nonuniformly correlated pulse trains. The controlled partial temporal coherence of the nonstationary fields is generated using a pulse compressor and experimentally verified with frequency resolved optical gating (FROG). We show that the correlation characteristics of such pulse trains can be retrieved directly from the FROG spectrograms provided one has certain a priori knowledge of the pulse train. Our results open a pathway for experimental confirmation of several correlation induced effects in the temporal domain.
Experimental investigation on the flexural response of epoxy composites filled with environmental pollutant crump rubber
Authors: Alblalaihid Khalid , Shahapurkar Kiran , Chennarayan Venkatesh , Beyecha Hailu , Tirth Vineet , Algahtani Ali , Soudagar Manzoore Elahi M , Talugeri Vinayak 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Flexural response of crump rubber filled epoxy composites is reported in the present work. Composites are fabricated using open mold casting technique and test specimens are evaluated at normal strain rate. Stress strain profiles of all the specimens reveal brittle mode of fracture. Modulus of crump rubber composites increase with increasing crump rubber content owing to good bonding of constituents and higher elasticity induced by crump rubber particles. Neat epoxy specimens reveal lower modulus than all the composites filled with crump rubber. Strength of all the composites are higher as compared with neat epoxy and increase as the crump rubber content is increased. Composites filled with 30 vol% of crump rubber reveals highest modulus (24%) and strength (22%) in comparison with neat epoxy and all other compositions. Scanning electron microscopy of specimens are analyzed to study the structure property correlations. Mapping of results from the current work and existing ones are compared using property chart.
Assessing the correlated electronic structure of lanthanum nickelates
Authors: Lechermann Frank 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
The series of nickel-oxide compounds LaNiO3 (formal Ni(d
7)), La2NiO4 (formal Ni(d
8)) and LaNiO2 (formal Ni(d
9)) is investigated by first-principles many-body theory, using a combination of density functional theory, self-interaction correction and dynamical mean-field theory. The characteristics of these different nickelates, in good agreement with available experimental data, is revealed by employing a compound-independent choice for the local Coulomb interactions. The dichotomy within the low-energy dominant Ni-e

g
sector of

{

d

z

2

,

d

x

2

−

y

2

}

kind is rising with growing Ni(3d) filling across the series. An intermediate-coupling scheme for spin-polarized calculations is introduced, which leads to very weak Ni ordered moments for the infinite-layer compound LaNiO2 in contrast to the robust-moment system La2NiO4.
Altered vigilant maintenance and reorganization of rich-clubs in functional brain networks after total sleep deprivation
Authors: Pan Leyao , Mai Zifeng , Wang Jinhui , Ma Ning 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundSleep deprivation strongly deteriorates the stability of vigilant maintenance. In previous neuroimaging studies of large-scale networks, neural variations in the resting state after sleep deprivation have been well documented, highlighting that large-scale networks implement efficient cognitive functions and attention regulation in a spatially hierarchical organization. However, alterations of neural networks during cognitive tasks have rarely been investigated.Methods and purposesThe present study used a within-participant design of 35 healthy right-handed adults and used task-based functional magnetic resonance imaging to examine the neural mechanism of attentional decline after sleep deprivation from the perspective of rich-club architecture during a psychomotor vigilance task.ResultsWe found that a significant decline in the hub disruption index was related to impaired vigilance due to sleep loss. The hierarchical rich-club architectures were reconstructed after sleep deprivation, especially in the default mode network and sensorimotor network. Notably, the relatively fast alert response compensation was correlated with the feeder organizational hierarchy that connects core (rich-club) and peripheral nodes.SignificancesOur findings provide novel insights into understanding the relationship of alterations in vigilance and the hierarchical architectures of the human brain after sleep deprivation, emphasizing the significance of optimal collaboration between different functional hierarchies for regular attention maintenance.
Morphological patterns and spatial probability maps of the superior parietal sulcus in the human brain
Authors: Drudik Kristina , Zlatkina Veronika , Petrides Michael 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe superior parietal sulcus (SPS) is the defining sulcus within the superior parietal lobule (SPL). The morphological variability of the SPS was examined in individual magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of the human brain that were registered to the Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI) standard stereotaxic space. Two primary morphological patterns were consistently identified across hemispheres: (i) the SPS was identified as a single sulcus, separating the anterior from the posterior part of the SPL and (ii) the SPS was found as a complex of multiple sulcal segments. These morphological patterns were subdivided based on whether the SPS or SPS complex remained distinct or merged with surrounding parietal sulci. The morphological variability and spatial extent of the SPS were quantified using volumetric and surface spatial probabilistic mapping. The current investigation established consistent morphological patterns in a common anatomical space, the MNI stereotaxic space, to facilitate structural and functional analyses within the SPL.
Enteric Infections in Men Who Have Sex With Men
Authors: McNeil Candice J , Kirkcaldy Robert D , Workowski Kimberly 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Background
Enteric pathogens are often associated with exposure to food, water, animals, and feces from infected individuals. However, in sexual networks of men who have sex with men (MSM), transmission of enteric pathogens may occur during direct or indirect oral–anal contact.

Methods
We performed a scoping review of the literature for studies prior to July 2019 with key terms for gastrointestinal syndromes (“proctitis,” “enteritis,” “proctocolitis”), enteric pathogens or sexually transmitted infections (STIs), and outbreaks using multiple electronic databases.

Results
We identified 5861 records through database searches, bibliography reviews, and keyword searches, of which 117 references were included in the pathogen-specific reviews.

Conclusions
The strength of observational data describing enteric pathogens in MSM and possible sexual transmission of enteric pathogens varies by pathogen; however, a robust body of literature describes the sexual transmission of Campylobacter, Giardia lamblia, and Shigella (particularly antimicrobial-resistant strains) in sexual networks of MSM. Providers are encouraged to consider enteritis or proctocolitis in MSM as possibly having been sexually transmitted and encourage targeted STI testing. Risk/harm reduction and prevention messages should also be incorporated, though there is an acknowledged paucity of evidence with regards to effective strategies. Further research is needed to understand the transmission and prevention of enteric pathogens in MSM.
Scale-free degree distributions, homophily and the glass ceiling effect in directed networks
Authors: Nettasinghe Buddhika , Alipourfard Nazanin , Iota Stephen , Krishnamurthy Vikram , Lerman Kristina 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPreferential attachment, homophily, and their consequences such as scale-free (i.e. power-law) degree distributions, the glass ceiling effect (the unseen, yet unbreakable barrier that keeps minorities and women from rising to the upper rungs of the corporate ladder, regardless of their qualifications or achievements) and perception bias are well-studied in undirected networks. However, such consequences and the factors that lead to their emergence in directed networks (e.g. author–citation graphs, Twitter) are yet to be coherently explained in an intuitive, theoretically tractable manner using a single dynamical model. To this end, we present a theoretical and numerical analysis of the novel Directed Mixed Preferential Attachment model in order to explain the emergence of scale-free degree distributions and the glass ceiling effect in directed networks with two groups (minority and majority). Specifically, we first derive closed-form expressions for the power-law exponents of the in-degree and out-degree distributions of each of the two groups and then compare the derived exponents with each other to obtain useful insights. These insights include answers to questions such as: when does the minority group have an out-degree (or in-degree) distribution with a heavier tail compared to the majority group? what factors cause the tail of the out-degree distribution of a group to be heavier than the tail of its own in-degree distribution? what effect does frequent addition of edges between existing nodes have on the in-degree and out-degree distributions of the majority and minority groups? Answers to these questions shed light on the interplay between structure (i.e. the in-degree and out-degree distributions of the two groups) and dynamics (characterized collectively by the homophily, preferential attachment, group sizes and growth dynamics) of various real-world directed networks. We also provide a novel definition of the glass ceiling faced by a group via the number of individuals with large out-degree (i.e. those with many followers) normalized by the number of individuals with large in-degree (i.e. those who follow many others) and then use it to characterize the conditions that cause the glass ceiling effect to emerge in a directed network. Our analytical results are supported by detailed numerical experiments. The DMPA model and its theoretical and numerical analysis provided in this article are useful for analysing various phenomena on directed networks in fields such as network science and computational social science.
Pervasive Endosymbiont Arsenophonus Plays a Key Role in the Transmission of Cotton Leaf Curl Virus Vectored by Asia II-1 Genetic Group of Bemisia tabaci
Authors: Kaur Ramandeep , Singh Satnam , Joshi Neelam 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Insects often coevolved with their mutualistic partners such as gut endosymbionts, which play a key in the physiology of host. Studies on such interactions between Bemisia tabaci and its primary and secondary endosymbionts have gained importance due to their indispensable roles in the biology of this insect. Present study reports the predominance of two secondary endosymbionts, Arsenophonus and Cardinium in the Asia II-1 genetic group of whitefly and elucidates their role in the transmission of its vectored Cotton leaf curl virus. Selective elimination of endosymbionts was optimized using serial concentration of ampicillin, chloramphenicol, kanamycin, tetracycline, and rifampicin administered to viruliferous whiteflies through sucrose diet. Primary endosymbiont, Portiera was unresponsive to all the antibiotics, however, rifampicin and tetracycline at 90 μg/ml selectively eliminated Arsenophonus from the whitefly. Elimination of Arsenophonus resulted in significant decrease in virus titer from viruliferous whitefly, further the CLCuV transmission efficiency of these whiteflies was significantly reduced compared to the control flies. Secondary endosymbiont, Cardinium could not be eliminated completely even with higher concentrations of antibiotics. Based on the findings, Arsenophonus plays a key role in the retention and transmission of CLCuV in the Asia II-1 genetic group of B. tabaci, while the role of Cardinium could not be established due to its unresponsiveness to antibiotics.
Inefficient Collective Households: Cooperation and Consumption
Authors: Lewbel Arthur , Pendakur Krishna 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We propose a model of consumption inefficiency in collective households. Inefficiency depends on a ‘cooperation factor’, which can also affect both the allocation of resources within a household and the utility of household members. Households are conditionally efficient, conditioning on the value of the cooperation factor. This lets us exploit convenient modelling features of efficient households (like not needing to specify the bargaining process), while still accounting for, and measuring the dollar cost of, inefficient levels of cooperation.