bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Meta‐Analysis of Pulsed‐Field Ablation Versus‐ High‐Power Short‐Duration Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Xue Jun , Huang Qunying , Yu Fuling , Mao Yinjun 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTPurposeTo optimize the effectiveness and safety of pulmonary vein isolation, pulsed‐field ablation (PFA) and high‐power short‐duration ablation (HPSD) have recently been incorporated into clinical practice. The objective of this study is to conduct a comparative analysis, focusing on the efficacy, safety, and procedural efficiency of PFA and HPSD in the treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF).MethodsA thorough search was performed across multiple databases to identify trials that compared PFA with HPSD for AF from their inception until July 2024. The odds ratio (OR) and mean difference (MD), accompanied by a 95% confidence interval (CI), were employed as indicators of treatment efficacy.ResultsThe analysis included six eligible trials, encompassing a total enrollment of 1382 patients. No statistically significant disparities were observed in terms of freedom from any atrial arrhythmia (OR 1.10; 95% CI 0.75, 1.63) or periprocedural complications (OR 1.04; 95% CI 0.52, 2.09) between the two ablation techniques. The likelihood of requiring a repeat ablation procedure was significantly reduced with PFA compared to HPSD (OR 0.63; 95% CI 0.41–0.97); however, there was no significant difference in the incidence of PV reconnection between patients initially treated with HPSD and those using PFA (OR 0.83; 95% CI 0.53–1.30). The PFA technique demonstrated significantly shorter procedure time (MD −34.58; 95% CI −45.20, −23.96) and left atrium (LA) dwell time (MD −34.52; 95% CI −58.42, −10.61), but longer fluoroscopy time (MD 8.81; 95% CI 6.25, 11.37). The subgroup analyses revealed that PFA continued to exhibit superior procedure time and LA dwell time but inferior fluoroscopy time.ConclusionThe efficacy and safety profiles of both PFA and HPSD are comparable in patients undergoing ablation therapy for AF; however, PFA is associated with shorter procedural time and longer fluoroscopy time.
Mucositis Pain and Its Temporal Relationship to White Cell Count
Authors: Douglas Claire , Morse James D. , Anderson Brian J. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundChildren who have received chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy treatment resulting in neutropenia can suffer painful mucositis. We explored the relationship between pain score and white cell count in children with mucositis due to immunosuppression and assessed the influence of opioid and ketamine analgesia.MethodsChildren with mucositis nursed in the pediatric oncology and hematology ward were invited to partake in this observational study following referral to the pediatric pain service for intravenous analgesia. Pain scores, white cell count, neutrophil count, and analgesia requirements were recorded daily until intravenous analgesia was either stopped or transitioned to oral analgesia. Data were analyzed using nonlinear mixed effects models that sought a relationship between white cell count and pain score using a sigmoid maximal effect (EMAX) model. The impact of analgesic use on pain score was determined. The temporal relationship between white cell count and pain score was characterized by using a delayed effect model with an equilibration half‐time.ResultsFifty children were enrolled in the study from January 2022 to December 2023. The equilibration half‐time relating the rise in white cell count and pain response was 0.29 days. The initial pain score (estimated in those children already started on treatment with paracetamol and tramadol) was 6.3 (maximum pain 10). The maximum pain reduction was 59% of that initial pain score. Morphine and ketamine further reduced pain; the maximum response for opioids was 38% reduction and that for ketamine was 11%.ConclusionPain relief from mucositis is related to an increase in white cell count after a period of severe neutropenia, where white cell count is a surrogate for neutrophil count. There is a delay in analgesic response of approximately 1 day. This analgesic response to increasing white cell count had greater dominance than analgesia achieved using either opioids or ketamine.
PmRGL2/PmFRL3–PmSVP Module Regulates Flowering Time in Japanese apricot (Prunus mume Sieb. et Zucc.)
Authors: Gao Feng , Segbo Silas , Huang Xiao , Zhou Pengyu , Ma Chengdong , Ma Yufan , Lin Ximeng , Bai Yang , Tan Wei , Coulibaly Daouda , Ouma Kenneth Omondi , Iqbal Shahid , Ni Zhaojun , Shi Ting , Gao Zhihong 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTTemperate fruit trees rely on environmental and endogenous signals to trigger dormancy release and flowering. However, the knowledge of DELLA protein PmRGL2, a Prunus mume homolog of REPRESSOR OF GA‐Like 2 (RGL2), which serves as an important inhibitory factor in gibberellin (gibberellin acid [GA]) signalling, is limited related to on its regulatory effects on dormancy release and flowering. In our study, the protein–protein interaction assays showed an interaction between PmRGL2 and PmFRL3, a Prunus mume homolog of FRIGIDA‐LIKE (FRL). The FRL protein regulates flowering induction by binding to chaperone proteins. To understand the transcriptional regulation of PmRGL2 in Prunus mume, in detail's we constructed a ChIP‐Seq library at four key stages of flower bud development. Genome‐wide analysis screened a MCM1‐AGAMOUSDEFICIENS Serum Response Factor box (MADS box) protein for two SHORT VEGETATIVE PHASEs (SVPs). Genetic analysis showed that overexpressing PmSVP in Arabidopsis thaliana reduced the GA content and delayed flowering, whereas PmSVP‐like overexpression increased the GA content and promoted flowering. Protein–DNA binding assays revealed that the PmRGL2/PmFRL3 protein complex promoted PmSVP transcription while repressing PmSVP‐like transcription, which inhibited the flowering process. As chilling requirements increased, the PmFRL3 protein was degraded. ThePmRGL2/PmFRL3 protein complex is disrupted. With the increase in the GA content within the flower buds, the PmRGL2 protein was degraded in response to GA signalling, and the function of PmSVP‐like was released. It dominated flowering, leading to this process in Prunus mume. Therefore, we propose a mechanism by which the PmRGL2/PmFRL3 protein complex responds to GA and low‐temperature signalling to regulate PmSVP and PmSVP‐like synergistically and thus Prunus mume flowering time.
The HECT ubiquitin‐protein ligases UPL1 and UPL2 are involved in degradation of Arabidopsis thalianaACC synthase 7
Authors: Marczak Małgorzata , Cieśla Agata , Janicki Maciej , Mehdi Syed Muhammad Muntazir , Kubiak Piotr , Ludwików Agnieszka 
Published: January 2025

AbstractEthylene is an important plant hormone whose production relies on the action of key enzymes, one of which is 1‐aminocyclopropane‐1‐carboxylate synthase (ACS). There are three classes of ACS, which are all partially regulated by degradation through the ubiquitin‐proteasome system (UPS), which regulates ethylene production. Arabidopsis has a single class III ACS, ACS7, but although it is known to be degraded by the 26S proteasome, the UPS proteins involved are poorly characterised. In this work, we used mass spectrometry to identify novel components of the ubiquitin system that may contribute to the regulation of ethylene biosynthesis via ACS7. We found two HECT‐type ligases, UPL1 and UPL2, which regulate ACS7 stability. In vitro experiments showed that UPL1 and UPL2 E3 ligases directly control ACS7 turnover. In addition, increased ethylene levels were observed in UPL1‐ and UPL2‐knockout plants in response to NaCl and NaCl+MG132 treatment, respectively. Under the same conditions, we observed increased ACS7 transcript levels in upl1 compared to WT plants under control and stress conditions, further confirming that UPL1 and UPL2 regulate ACS7‐dependent ethylene production in response to stress. We used molecular modelling to predict ACS7 ubiquitylation sites and cell‐free degradation assays to verify that lysine residues at positions 174, 238 and 384 regulate ACS7 protein stability. Overall, this study provides new insights into the regulation of ACS7 protein stability, and hence ethylene production, in plant growth and development and the response to stress.
Associations Among EEG Aperiodic Slope, Infant Temperament, and Maternal Anxiety/Depression Symptoms in Infancy
Authors: Sacks Dashiell D. , Levin April R. , Nelson Charles A. , Bosquet Enlow Michelle 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe aperiodic “slope” of the EEG power spectrum (i.e., aperiodic exponent, commonly represented as a slope in log–log space) is hypothesized to index the cortical excitatory‐inhibitory balance. Slope has been associated with various neurodevelopmental outcomes in older children and adults, as well as with family history of ADHD in infants. Here, we investigate associations among EEG aperiodic slope, temperament, and maternal internalizing (anxiety and depression) symptoms in a large cohort of typically developing infants. A steeper slope was associated with higher scores on the temperament domains of orienting/regulation and surgency but was not associated with negative affectivity. Maternal symptoms did not appear to be directly associated with the slope, but the slope moderated the association between maternal symptoms and temperament. Specifically, a steeper slope was associated with a stronger negative association between maternal internalizing symptoms and infant orienting/regulation. These results demonstrate associations between slope and behavior as early as infancy, which may reflect early differences in the development of global inhibitory networks. Longitudinal research in early childhood is necessary to better understand the nature of these relations during development and their potential impact on later socioemotional outcomes.
Farming and biochar in the EU and the road to sustainability: Drawing connections through the Common Agricultural Policy and the regulation of organic and carbon farming
Authors: Cavallin Elisa 
Published: January 2025

AbstractConsidering the significant impact of agriculture on the environment, there is corresponding potential residing in proper management of agricultural soils and in farming. Agricultural systems are instrumental to achieving climate and environmental goals and for paving the road towards sustainability. However, this requires a transition from business‐as‐usual agriculture and farming, which must be supported by policy and legislation through systemic and coordinated measures. Other more pointed measures, such as the targeted use of certain technologies, for example, the proper use of biochar, can also be leveraged. But what is the state of play in the pursuit of sustainability in farming in the EU legislation and policy? How significant are these developments for biochar in the transition towards sustainability? This article considers these issues in relation to three different yet connected policy and legislative fields in the broader agriculture domain: the Common Agricultural Policy, organic farming and the emerging domain of carbon farming.
Identifying Unique Integrated Care Competencies to Inform Health Profession Curriculum Development
Authors: Moran Monica , Martin Priya , O'Keefe Maree , Steketee Carole 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundIntegrated care can enhance health outcomes for patients, as well as improve healthcare efficiency for organisations. However, it is unclear what values and competencies health professionals need to develop at the pre‐qualification stage to engage in integrated care practice upon graduation. Therefore, this review aimed to identify published integrated care competencies for professional entry health professional education programmes.MethodsGuided by the systematic search methods of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta‐Analyses, PubMed and CINAHL were searched for publications between January 2013 and December 2022. A two‐stage screening process was used to determine eligibility of papers against the set inclusion criteria.FindingsThe initial search yielded 493 articles, with 35 articles eligible for full text screening. Of these, five articles addressed integrated care curriculum in a general sense and were included in the review. The focus of these articles was mainly educational activities and professional attributes deemed important for students to experience and develop if they are to work across sectors and systems. However, no studies described a specific set of integrated care competencies for students enrolled in any health discipline at professional entry level.DiscussionSince our review, several frameworks covering a broad range of professional competency domains for integrated care have been recently published. A distillation of these frameworks is now needed to identify the unique capabilities required for new health professionals to deliver integrated care.ConclusionEducators now need specific integrated care competencies so they can create appropriate, learning, teaching and assessment experiences for pre‐entry students.
A Critical Analysis of Current Characterizations of Categorical Properties: Their Insufficiencies in Addressing the Individuation Regress in Dispositionalism
Authors: Yu Jing 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTDispositionalism confronts the well‐known challenge of the regress of the individuation of dispositional properties. Proposed solutions to this issue can be broadly categorised into two types: Alexander Bird's holistic‐graph approach, which asserts that dispositional properties can be uniquely individuated by their positions within the holistic graph formed by manifestation‐stimulus relations, and the dispositional‐categorical mixed/dual views, which introduce non‐dispositional (categorical) properties to circumvent the regress. This article critically examines the latter approach, contending that the current characterizations of categorical properties within this framework are problematic. These characterizations either obscure the very nature of the mixed/dual views, undermine the fundamentality and objectivity of categorical properties, or inadvertently reintroduce dispositional elements. In the first two cases, categorical properties fail to serve as a viable solution to the individuation regress. In cases where dispositional elements are inadvertently introduced, the regress remains unresolved unless proponents of the mixed/dual views invoke a holistic graph ostensibly distinct from Bird's. However, upon closer examination, this article demonstrates that such a holistic graph ultimately proves identical to Bird's. Consequently, adopting this approach would render the mixed/dual view redundant, failing to offer a distinct and independent resolution to the problem. By demonstrating the deficiencies in these characterizations, this article compels mixed/dual theorists to devise alternative characterizations of categorical properties.
Comparative efficacy and safety of ilunocitinib and oclacitinib for the control of pruritus and associated skin lesions in dogs with atopic dermatitis
Authors: Forster Sophie , Boegel Annette , Despa Simona , Trout Candace , King Stephen 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundJanus kinase inhibitors (JAKi) have been shown to reduce pruritus and improve associated inflammatory skin lesions in canine atopic dermatitis (cAD).ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of ilunocitinib, in comparison to oclacitinib, for the control of cAD in a randomised, blinded trial.AnimalsThree‐hundred‐and‐thirty‐eight dogs with cAD.Materials and MethodsDogs were randomised to receive oclacitinib (0.4–0.6 mg/kg twice daily for 14 days; then once daily) or ilunocitinib (0.6–0.8 mg/kg once daily), for up to 112 days. Owners assessed pruritus using an enhanced Visual Analog Scale (PVAS). Investigators assessed skin lesions using the Canine Atopic Dermatitis Extent and Severity Index, 4th interaction (CADESI‐04).ResultsReduction in pruritus and CADESI‐04 scores was similar for both treatment groups from Day (D)0–D14. PVAS scores increased between D14 and D28 for oclacitinib and decreased for ilunocitinib. On D28 to D112, mean PVAS and CADESI‐04 scores were significantly lower for ilunocitinib compared to oclacitinib (p ≤ 0.003 and p ≤ 0.023, respectively). On D28 to D112, a greater number of ilunocitinib‐treated dogs achieved clinical remission of pruritus (i.e. PVAS score <2). Subjective assessment of overall response was significantly better for ilunocitinib on D28 to D112 (p ≤ 0.002). Both drugs demonstrated similar safety throughout the study.Conclusions and Clinical RelevanceIlunocitinib rapidly and safely controlled signs of cAD. Ilunocitinib demonstrated significantly better control of pruritus and skin lesions compared to oclacitinib, with more dogs achieving clinical remission of pruritus.
Respiratory muscle endurance training among patients with chronic diseases: A systematic review of available evidence
Authors: Laurent Hélène , Costes Frédéric , Richard Ruddy , Filaire Marc 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis systematic review summarizes the available evidence on respiratory muscle endurance training involving voluntary isocapnic hyperpnoea among patients with chronic diseases. It includes both randomized and non‐randomized controlled trials implementing this exercise training modality performed either alone or in combination with other interventions. It was conducted using the following databases: PubMed, Google Scholar, Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), Embase, CINAHL, CENTRAL, Cochrane and ReeDOC. It was drafted in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. The final analysis was conducted on 12 studies (n = 257). There was heterogeneity in participants, training modalities and comparators used. The underpowered level of evidence is attributable to the lack of robustness of the original studies, including a lack of description of the intervention, lack of blinding, and missing data. Respiratory muscle endurance training is an exercise training modality that is both safe and feasible, even in the setting of the patient's home. It increases respiratory endurance time. However, its effect on peak oxygen consumption at exercise, maximal work rate, 6‐min walking distance, quality of life, dyspnoea and fatigue remains to be confirmed. In conclusion, this systematic review shows that respiratory muscle endurance training increases respiratory endurance among patients with chronic diseases. The populations that benefit the most and the mechanisms involved remain to be investigated. Further high‐quality studies are needed to understand its role, whether it is performed alone or as an add‐on modality to usual pulmonary rehabilitation programmes.
Modeling and Simulation of Solar Compound Parabolic Concentrator-Integrated Low-Temperature Thermal Desalination System
Authors: Muthuvairavan Guna , Kopalakrishnaswami Arjun Singh , Venkatesan G , Natarajan Sendhil Kumar 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This study introduces an innovative approach to saline water desalination using a stationary compound parabolic concentrator (CPC) to power a low-temperature thermal desalination (LTTD) system. The integration of CPC into LTTD was thermodynamically modeled and simulated under tropical climatic conditions. Key parameters, including hot feed saline water temperature, temperature gradient, cold-water inlet temperature, feed saline water flowrate, flash chamber pressure, and varying salinity levels, were examined for their impact on freshwater production. Additionally, the design requirements for CPC arrays and economic considerations were thoroughly analyzed to achieve a large-scale freshwater production capacity of 1000 L/day. The results showed that increasing the thermal gradient, feed saline water temperature, and flowrate, while decreasing the flash chamber pressure, significantly enhanced freshwater production. For example, as the temperature gradient increased from 7 °C to 20 °C, the average freshwater yield rose from 75.23 L /h to 120.19 L /h. Achieving the target freshwater production required 126 to 152 CPC units with an area of approximately 3 m2 for hot feed saline water temperatures between 37 °C and 50 °C. Furthermore, increasing the feed saline water flowrate from 7500 L /h to 22,500 L /h resulted in a 66.48% increase in freshwater yield. Reducing flash chamber pressure from 12.35 kPa to 4.5 kPa led to a substantial increase in potable water production, ranging from 21.65% to 90.9% across different temperature gradients. The study also evaluated the effects of salinity levels, finding a slight decrease in freshwater production with higher salinity.
Ultrasound as a predictor of time-loss injury for the patellar tendon, Achilles tendon and plantar fascia in division I collegiate athletes
Authors: Cushman Daniel M , Stokes Derek , Vu Leyen , Corcoran Blake , Fredericson Michael , Eby Sarah F , Teramoto Masaru 
Published: January 2025

ObjectivesTendinopathy and fasciopathy are common conditions that can result in time-loss injury in athletes. This study aimed to determine if preseason sonographic abnormalities of the patellar tendon, Achilles tendon and plantar fascia are associated with future time-loss injuries in collegiate athletes.MethodsNational Collegiate Athletic Association Division I athletes from three institutions participated in this 3-year prospective, observational study. Each athlete completed a questionnaire, self-reporting current and prior symptoms and underwent an ultrasound examination of bilateral patellar tendons, Achilles tendons and plantar fasciae during annual preseason examinations. Ultrasound evaluations assessed for tendon and fascia thickening, hypoechogenicity and neovascularisation. Athletes were monitored for time-loss injury over the subsequent year.ResultsA total of 695 athletes across 18 sporting disciplines (61.1% female, age 20.0±1.6, body mass index 23.1±2.9 kg/m2) were analysed over 3 years. Sonographic abnormalities were identified in 36.6%, 7.5% and 2.8% of the patellar tendons, Achilles tendons and plantar fasciae, respectively. Injuries were reported in 3.3%, 1.6% and 0.7% of these structures with an adjusted relative risk of injury increased by 8.9 (95% CI 3.7, 21.4), 18.8 (95% CI 7.2, 48.8) and 21.0 (95% CI 6.4, 68.1) times in those with preseason ultrasound abnormalities (p<0.001). The presence of an ultrasound abnormality was more predictive of future injury than self-report of a prior injury or pain in the area at the time of the scan.ConclusionPreseason sonographic abnormalities of the patellar tendon, Achilles tendon or plantar fascia are associated with a higher risk of developing time-loss injuries in collegiate athletes.