bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and validation of a nomogram to predict liver metastasis for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma after radical resection
Authors: Tong Jingshu , Jiang Wei , Mao Shuqi , Wu Shengdong , Lu Caide 
Published: November 2022

ObjectivesThis study aimed to develop and externally validate a nomogram for predicting liver metastasis after radical resection in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).MethodsA total of 247 PDAC patients who underwent radical resection were retrospectively reviewed from January 2015 to March 2022 at Ningbo Medical Centre Lihuili Hospital Eastern Section, and used as a training cohort to develop the nomogram. 83 PDAC patients from the Ningbo Medical Centre Lihuili Hospital Xingning Section were enrolled as the validation cohort. The postoperative liver metastasis was recorded during the follow-up, and the liver metastasis-free survival was defined as the time from operation to the date of liver metastasis diagnosis or death. The nomogram was established based on independent prognostic factors selected by LASSO and multivariate Cox regression model. The performance was assessed using the concordance index (C-index) and calibration curves. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and decision curve analysis (DCA) were used to determine the clinical utility of the nomogram model.ResultsFrom the training cohort of 247 patients, a total of 132 patients developed liver metastasis during the follow-up, the 1-, 2- and 3- year liver metastasis-free survival were 52.4%, 43.5% and 40% respectively. The LASSO and multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that postoperative CA125 (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.007, p &lt;0.001), tumor differentiation (HR = 1.640, p = 0.010), tumor size (HR = 1.520, p = 0.029), lymph node ratio (HR = 1.897, p = 0.002) and portal/superior mesenteric/splenic vein invasion degree (PV/SMV/SV) (HR = 2.829, p &lt;0.001) were the independent factors of liver metastasis. A nomogram with independent factors was developed and the C-index was 0.760 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.720-0.799) and 0.739 (95% CI, 0.669-0.810) in the training and validation cohorts, respectively. The areas under curve (AUC) of the nomogram at 1-, 2- and 3-year were 0.815, 0.803 and 0.773 in the training cohort, and 0.765, 0.879 and 0.908 in the validation cohort, respectively, higher than those in TNM stage. Decision curve analysis (DCA) analysis revealed that the nomogram model provided superior net benefit in clinical utility. Liver metastasis-free survival curves showed a significant discriminatory ability for liver metastasis risk based on the nomogram (p &lt;0.001).ConclusionsThe nomogram showed high accuracy in predicting liver metastasis for PDAC after radical resection, and may serve as a clinical support tool to guide personalized and prescient intervention.
Real-world Biapenem vs. Meropenem in the treatment of severe community-acquired pneumonia in children: A propensity score matching analysis
Authors: Tao Xuemei , Xu Changjing , Zhong Xiaoyan , Mou Yao , Li Jingwei , Yang Xuping , Huang Yilan 
Published: November 2022

ObjectiveTo compare the real-world efficacy and safety of Biapenem and Meropenem for treating severe community-acquired pneumonia (SCAP) in children.MethodsWe retrospectively evaluated 915 children with SCAP who were treated with Biapenem or Meropenem from August 2018 to June 2022. A 1:1 propensity score matching (PSM) analysis was used to reduce the actual baseline difference between groups.Results416 patients participated in the analysis after PSM (Biapenem: Meropenem = 1:1). For the Biapenem group and Meropenem group, the effective rates were 90.4% and 90.9%, respectively (p = 1.0) and the incidence of adverse reactions were 7.7% and 7.2%, respectively (p = 1.0). There were no statistical differences between Biapenem and Meropenem.ConclusionIn general, the efficacy and safety of Biapenem are comparable to Meropenem in the treatment of children with SCAP.
Comparison of three exercise interventions with and without gemcitabine treatment on pancreatic tumor growth in mice: No impact on tumor infiltrating lymphocytes
Authors: Gupta Priti , Hodgman Charles F. , Alvarez-Florez Claudia , Schadler Keri L. , Markofski Melissa M. , O’Connor Daniel P. , LaVoy Emily C. 
Published: November 2022

Exercise has been shown to slow pancreatic tumor growth, but whether exercise interventions of differing volume or intensity yield differential effects on tumor outcomes is unknown. In this study, we compared three exercise training interventions implemented with and without chemotherapy on pancreatic tumor growth in mice.Methods: Male C57BL/6 mice (6–8 weeks old) were subcutaneously inoculated with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma tumor cells (PDAC 4662). Upon tumor detection, mice received gemcitabine 15 mg/kg intraperitoneally 3 days/week and were assigned to exercise: high volume continuous exercise (HVCE), low volume continuous exercise (LVCE), high intensity interval training (HIIT), or sedentary (SED). HVCE ran at 12 m/min for 45 min and LVCE for 15 min, 5 days/week. HIIT ran 1-min at 20 m/min, followed by 1-min walking at 8 m/min for 20 total intervals, 3 days/week. SED did not run. Additional sets of inoculated mice were assigned to the exercise interventions but did not receive gemcitabine. Tumor volume was measured every other day for 2 weeks; tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes were assessed by flow cytometry 3-week post-inoculation.Results: Tumor growth did not differ between groups that received gemcitabine (F(3, 34) = 1.487; p = 0.235; η2 = 0.116). In contrast, tumor growth differed between groups not provided gemcitabine (F(3,14) = 3.364; p = 0.049, η2 = 0.419), with trends for slower growth in LVCE than SED (p = 0.088) and HIIT (p = 0.084). Groups did not differ in tumor infiltrating lymphocytes.Conclusion: Contrary to our hypotheses, the exercise interventions compared here did not further reduce pancreatic tumor growth beyond that provided by gemcitabine. However, in mice not receiving gemcitabine, there was a trend for reduced tumor growth in LVCE.
Sown alfalfa pasture decreases grazing intensity while increasing soil carbon: Experimental observations and DNDC model predictions
Authors: Xu Lijun , Ye Liming , Nie Yingying , Yang Guixia , Xin Xiaoping , Yuan Bo , Yang Xiufang 
Published: November 2022

IntroductionGrasslands are the most important land use in China and have experienced extensive degradation in the past few decades due to overgrazing. However, regionally viable solutions to grazing intensity alleviation remained elusive to date.MethodsHere, we evaluated the grazing intensity effects of sown alfalfa pastures in northern China using an experiment-modeling combined approach that involved six sites in field experiments and five provinces in DNDC modeling of sown alfalfa pasture’s forage production and carbon sequestration potentials in marginal lands.ResultsOur results showed that the sown alfalfa pasture’s dry-matter yield varied between 4.5 and 9.0 Mg ha-1 under rainfed and irrigated conditions, respectively, from 2025 to 2035. If half of the available marginal lands were mobilized for alfalfa forage production, these yield levels meant that livestock grazing intensity on natural grasslands may drop 8-13% under rainfed and 20-33% under irrigated conditions. Our results also showed that marginal land’s soil organic carbon contents were systematically higher under sown alfalfa pasture than under fallow management by a big margin of 8.5 and 9.9 g kg-1 (i.e., +79 and +95%), under rainfed and irrigated conditions, respectively, during 2025-2035.DiscussionOverall, these results demonstrated that sown alfalfa pasture on marginal lands represents an effective grassland conservation pathway over the short- to medium-term time horizon based on current technologies.
Chemical Fractionations of Lead and Zinc in the Contaminated Soil Amended with the Blended Biochar/Apatite
Authors: Vuong Truong Xuan , Stephen Joseph , Minh Tu Binh , Nguyen Thu Thuy Thi , Duong Tuan Hung , Pham Dung Thuy Nguyen 
Published: November 2022

Heavy metal contamination in agricultural land is an alarming issue in Vietnam. It is necessary to develop suitable remediation methods for environmental and farming purposes. The present study investigated the effectiveness of using peanut shell-derived biochar to remediate the two heavy metals Zn and Pb in laboratory soil assays following Tessier’s sequential extraction procedure. The concentration of heavy metals was analyzed using Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). This study also compared the effectiveness of the blend of biochar and apatite applied and the mere biochar amendment on the chemical fractions of Pb and Zn in the contaminated agricultural soil. Results have shown that the investigated soil was extremely polluted by Pb (3047.8 mg kg−1) and Zn (2034.3 mg kg−1). In addition, the pH, organic carbon, and electrical conductivity values of amended soil samples increased with the increase in the amendment’s ratios. The distribution of heavy metals in soil samples was in the descending order of carbonate fraction (F2) > residue fraction (F5) > exchangeable fraction (F1) > Fe/Mn oxide fraction (F3) > organic fraction (F4) for Pb and F5 ≈ F2 > F1 > F3 > F4 for Zn. The peanut shell-derived biochar produced at 400 °C and 600 °C amended at a 10% ratio (PB4:10 and PB6:10) could significantly reduce the exchangeable fraction Zn from 424.82 mg kg−1 to 277.69 mg kg−1 and 302.89 mg kg−1, respectively, and Pb from 495.77 mg kg−1 to 234.55 mg kg−1 and 275.15 mg kg−1, respectively, and immobilize them in soil. Amending the biochar and apatite combination increased the soil pH, then produced a highly negative charge on the soil surface and facilitated Pb and Zn adsorption. This study shows that the amendment of biochar and biochar blended with apatite could stabilize Pb and Zn fractions, indicating the potential of these amendments to remediate Pb and Zn in contaminated soil.
Impact of malnutrition management e-learning module on GPs’ knowledge: a pilot study
Authors: Geraghty Aisling A , Dominguez Castro Patricia , Reynolds Ciara ME , Browne Sarah , Bourke Frank , Bradley Catriona , Finnigan Karen , Clarke Sarah , Clyne Barbara , Bury Gerard , Perrotta Carla , Kennelly Sharon , Corish Clare A 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundMalnutrition is underdiagnosed in primary care. GPs are key healthcare contacts for older adults at risk of protein-energy malnutrition; however, lack of knowledge and confidence in its diagnosis and treatment is often reported.AimTo evaluate the impact of a bespoke online education module on GP malnutrition knowledge and management.Design & settingA prospective pre—post pilot study with 23 GPs and eight GP trainees in the Republic of Ireland.MethodThe module included units on the following: ‘malnutrition definition, prevalence, and latest evidence’; ‘identifying malnutrition in clinical practice’; ‘food-first advice’; ‘reviewing malnutrition’; and ‘oral nutritional supplements’. Participant knowledge was measured using a multiple choice questionnaire (MCQ) before and after the module (n= 31), and 6 weeks following completion (n= 11). Case studies assessing identification and management of malnutrition were evaluated by a clinical specialist dietitian with expertise in managing malnutrition. Changes in assessment performance were calculated using pairedt-tests. Acceptability was evaluated using a questionnaire.ResultsPost-training, 97% of GPs increased MCQ scores from baseline (+25%,P<0.001), with the greatest improvement in ‘identifying malnutrition in clinical practice’ (mean increase 47%,P<0.001). Eleven GPs completed the 6-week MCQ with scores remaining significantly higher than baseline (mean increase 15%,P= 0.005); ‘identifying malnutrition in clinical practice’ remained the most highly scored (mean increase 40%,P<0.001). Seventeen GPs completed the case studies; 76% at baseline and 88% post-module correctly calculated malnutrition risk scores. Appropriate malnutrition management improved for 47% of GPs after module completion.ConclusionThis e-learning module improved malnutrition knowledge, with good short-term retention in a small cohort. Development of online evidence-based nutrition education may improve GP nutrition care.
Long-term impact on the breeding birds of a semi-offshore island-based wind farm in Åland, Northern Baltic Sea
Authors: Tanskanen Antti , Yrjölä Rauno , Oja Johanna , Aalto Risto , Tanskanen Sakari 
Published: November 2022

Breeding bird populations were monitored at a wind farm in the Båtskär area of the southern Åland archipelago in 2006–2017. The area is situated in the outer archipelago and comprises four islands with six wind turbines in total. The wind turbines began operating in autumn 2007. An environmental impact assessment for the area was conducted in 2002. A control area called Stenarna, located 22 km NW of Båtskär, was used for comparison. The Båtskär area annually recorded 850–1,050 pairs of breeding birds. Four species showed significantly decreasing trends in Båtskär, namely the Common Eider Somateria mollissima, Lesser Black-backed Gull Larus fuscus, Herring Gull L. argentatus , and Black Guillemot Cepphus grylle. In Stenarna, only the Common Eider significantly decreased over the same period. The Arctic Tern Sterna paradisaea increased in both areas, while the Velvet Scoter Melanitta fusca, Red-breasted Merganser Mergus serrator, Common Gull Larus canus, Rock Pipit Anthus petrosus, and White Wagtail Motacilla alba increased in Stenarna, the control area. The Herring Gull population decline is unlikely to be related to the wind farm. However, the proximity of a wind turbine to a breeding colony of the Lesser Black-backed Gull has most likely contributed to its decline. The reason for the Black Guillemot decline in Båtskär is unknown. The decline of Common Eider in both areas may be connected to increasing predation from White-tailed Eagles Haliaeetus albicilla. Some species, such as the House Martin Delichon urbicum and auks, have benefitted from the wind farm construction. They can utilize new microhabitats created by the construction, while other species, such as the Common Eider, gain protection against predation because of human activities.
Two-color electrochromic devices using a tungsten oxide and nickel oxide double layer
Authors: Abe Yoshio , Kadowaki Yui , Kawamura Midori , Kim Kyung Ho , Kiba Takayuki 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Tungsten oxide (WO3) and nickel oxide (NiO) are typical inorganic electrochromic (EC) materials. The color of WO3 changes from transparent to blue by reduction, whereas that of NiO changes from transparent to brown by oxidation. This study fabricated EC devices with an indium tin oxide (ITO)/WO3/NiO/ITO/Nafion/ITO structure. The WO3/NiO double layer and Nafion were used as the EC layer and electrolyte, respectively. The color of the device changed from blue to transparent and then to brown by varying the applied potential from −2.5 to +1.0 V and then to +2.0 V. The WO3 and NiO films were reduced at −2.5 V; the WO3 film was oxidized at +1.0 V, and both were oxidized at +2.0 V. The transmittance in the visible and near-infrared regions changed independently. Hence, the devices are considered applicable for dual-band EC smart windows.
Quasi-Fermi-Based Charge Transport Scheme for Device Simulation in Cryogenic, Wide-Band-Gap, and High-Voltage Applications
Authors: Stanojevic Zlatan , Gonzalez Medina Jose Maria , Schanovsky Franz , Karner Markus 
Published: November 2022

<p>In this preprint we present a novel approach to solving the transport problem in semiconductors. We reformulate the drift-diffusion equations in terms of the quasi-Fermi-energies as solution variables; a drastic increase in numerical stability is achieved, which permits the simulation of devices at cryogenic temperatures as well as wide-band-gap devices using double precision arithmetic, instead of extended precision arithmetic which would otherwise be required to solve these applications using regular drift-diffusion.</p>
Mining Multiple Longest Common Subsequence in Big Sequences
Authors: Li Yanni , Liu Bing , Duan Tihua , Wang Zhi , Li Hui , Cui Jiangtao 
Published: November 2022

<p> Multiple longest common subsequence (MLCS) mining (a classical NP-hard problem) is an important task in many fields. Numerous applications in these fields can generate very long sequences (i.e., the length of the sequences ≥ 10^4), called big sequences. Such big sequences present a serious challenge to existing MLCS algorithms. Although significant efforts have been made to tackle the challenge, both existing exact and approximate MLCS algorithms fail to deal with big sequences as their problem-solving model MLCS-DAG (Directed Acyclic Graph) is too large to be calculated due to the memory explosion. To bridge the gap, this paper first proposes a new identification and deletion strategy of different classes of non-critical points, which are the points that do not contribute to the solution on the MLCS-DAG. It then proposes a new MLCS problem-solving graph model, called KP-MLCS-DAG (Key Point based MLCS-DAG). A novel parallel MLCS algorithm, called KP-MLCS (Key Point based MLCS), is also presented, which can mine and compress all MLCSs of big sequences effectively and efficiently. Extensive experiments on both synthetic and real-world biological sequences show that the proposed algorithm KP-MLCS drastically outperforms the existing state-of-the-art algorithms in terms of efficiency and effectiveness. The source code of KP-MLCS and related test datasets, etc., can be found online: https://github.com/kp-mlcs/KP-MLCS. </p>
DISEASE DETECTION IN WATERMELON FARMING USING ROBOTIC AUTOMATION
Authors: Ahluwalia Aryaman , Verma Sagar 
Published: November 2022

<p>Designing a autonomus moblie robot for the implementation in disease detection in watermelon farming. PID controller is used as a closed loop system and extended Kalman filter for error correction. Visual SLAM for localization and mapping. </p>
The Association Of Adolescent Pregnancy With Stunting Incidence In Child Under Five Years Old; Literatur Review
Authors: A. B Adelbertha , Candra Devi Namita , Oktavia Harahap Rita , Gita Ningrum Astika 
Published: November 2022

Background: Nowadays early marriage is a worldwide issue and influences maternal outcome and increases the incidence of stunting. Stunting is known as one of the most significant barriers to human development and globally affects around 162 million children under the age of 5 years. The Global stunting incidence in children under 5 years is 149.2 million or about 22.0% of all children under five. The prevalence of stunting in children aged less than 5 years old in Africa is around 31.7%, Southeast Asia is 30.1%, the Eastern Mediterranean Region is 26.2% and in Indonesia it is 24.4%. It is known that children born of women who are less than 20 years have a 1.3 times risk of experiencing stunting and the prevalence of stunting in adolescent pregnant women is around 44.4% compared to mothers who are old enough, namely 35.6%.
Purpose:
Method: This was a literature review collected from four e-databases search was conducted by PubMed (Medline), Web of science, Scopus and ScienceDirect for articles published between 2019 and 2021 that examine teenage pregnancy and stunting. Existing articles will be filtered and eliminated according to the inclusion criteria and analyzed to find the conclusions from the entire study.
Results:. The search led to primary research publications including qualitative and quantitative research. The articles were published between 2019 and 2021. Most of the articles showed that young maternal age influences maternal outcome and we need to pay attention to stunting incidence. Even though there are a lot of factors that play a role in stunting such as nutrition, disease, parent height, etc. but five articles that have been filtered agree that adolescent pregnancy is the main factor that plays a role in stunting..
Conclusion : Our review found the closely related factors that related with stunting are early marriage, clean-healthy behaviors and mental emo-disorder of adolescent mothers. However, there are other factors causing stunting namely direct and indirect factors. Robust programs to support pregnant women and monitor children’s heights from birth will help prevent intergenerational stunting. Nevertheless, it is also necessary to review the policy on how stunting criteria are set in Indonesia based on socio-demographic conditions.
Pengaruh Percaya Diri Dan Kecerdasan Emosional Petugas Pengatur Lalu Lintas Terhadap Keselamatan Pengguna Jasa Di Jalan Raya
Authors: Rais Anraha Ali 
Published: November 2022

Latar Belakang : Keselamatan pengguna jasa merupakan bentuk jaminan yang diberikan penyedia jasa terhadap pengguna jasa dimana menunjukkan kondisi yang selamat bagi pengguna jasa. Kondisi dimana pengguna jasa menggenali resiko sehingga resiko tersebut fapat dikendalikan dengan mengurangim menghilangkan, mengambil tindakan pencegahan agar resiko tersebut fapat diterima sesuai standard an prinsip nilai yang sudah ditetapkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh percaya diri dan kecerdasan emosional petugas polisi lalu lintas terhadap keselamatan pengguna jasa.
Tujuan : tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh percaya diri dan kecemasan emosional petugas pengatur lalu lintas terhadap keselamatan pengguna jasa di jalan raya.
Metode : Metode penggumpulan data melalui kuesioner yang disebarkan dalam bentuk googleform dengan sampel jenuh sebanyak 40 responden di Kapolestra Cirebon.
Hasil : Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh langsung Rasa percaya diri terhadap keselamatan pengguna jasa, Kecerdasan emosional terhadap keselamatan pengguna jasa. Kepercayaan diri terhadap kecerdasan emosional dan pengaruh tidak langsung Rasa percaya diri untuk melayani keamanan pengguna dengan mediasi kecerdasan emosional.
Kesimpulan: Pengaruh langsung secara tidak langsung antara kepercayaan diri terhadap keselamatan pengguna jasa, kecerdasan emosional terhadap keselamatan pengguna jasa dengan mediasi dapat ditingkatkan terhadap keselamatan pengguna jasa.