bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Resonance Rayleigh scattering approach based on association complex formation with erythrosine B for determination of venlafaxine, application to the dosage form and spiked human plasma
Authors: Mohammed Bassam Shaaban , Derayea Sayed M. , Hassan Yasser F. , A. Abu‐hassan Ahmed 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe interaction of venlafaxine hydrochloride (VLX) with erythrosine B was investigated using a resonance Rayleigh scattering (RRS) spectroscopic technique. In acetate buffer (pH 3.4), erythrosine B reacted with VLX to form a 1:1 ion‐pair complex with concomitant enhancement in RRS intensity that was measured at 330 nm. In addition, the stability constant and the change in free energy of the reaction were estimated. Based on this interaction a new method was developed for a sensitive VLX analysis using erythrosine B as a probe. The results indicated that this method had good selectivity in the presence of coexisting compounds. The scattering intensity (ΔIRRS) was linearly dependent on VLX concentration over the range 0.04–1.0 μg ml−1 with a determination coefficient (r) of 0.9998. The limit of detection and limit of quantitation were 0.01 and 0.03 μg ml−1, respectively. This method could be suitably used for analysis of VLX in pharmaceutical capsules and human plasma.
Carboxylative efficacy of trans and cisMK7 and comparison with other vitamin K isomers
Authors: Cirilli Ilenia , Orlando Patrick , Silvestri Sonia , Marcheggiani Fabio , Dludla Phiwayinkosi V. , Kaesler Nadine , Tiano Luca 
Published: May 2022

AbstractCarboxylative enzymes are involved in many pathways and their regulation plays a crucial role in many of these pathways. In particular, γ‐glutamylcarboxylase (GGCX) converts glutamate residues (Glu) into γ‐carboxyglutamate (Gla) of the vitamin K‐dependent proteins (VKDPs) activating them. VKDPs include at least 17 proteins involved in processes such as blood coagulation, blood vessels calcification, and bone mineralization. VKDPs are activated by the reduced form of vitamin K, naturally occurring as vitamin K1 (phylloquinone) and K2 (menaquinones, MKs). Among these, MK7 is the most efficient in terms of bioavailability and biological effect. Similarly to other trans isomers, it is produced by natural fermentation or chemically in both trans and cis. However, the efficacy of the biological effect of the different isomers and the impact on humans are unknown. Our study assessed carboxylative efficacy of trans and cis MK7 and compared it with other vitamin K isomers, evaluating both the expression of residues of carboxylated Gla‐protein by western blot analysis and using a cell‐free system to determine the GGCX activity by HPLC. Trans MK7H2 showed a higher ability to carboxylate the 70 KDa GLA‐protein, previously inhibited in vitro by warfarin treatment. However, cis MK7 also induced a carboxylation activity albeit of a small extent. The data were confirmed chromatographically, in which a slight carboxylative activity of cis MK7H2 was demonstrated, comparable with both K1H2 and oxidized trans MK7 but less than trans MK7H2. For the first time, a difference of biological activity between cis and trans configuration of menaquinone‐7 has been reported.
An injectable gelatin/sericin hydrogel loaded with human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells for the treatment of uterine injury
Authors: Chen Lixuan , Li Ling , Mo Qinglin , Zhang Xiaomin , Chen Chaolin , Wu Yingnan , Zeng Xiaoli , Deng Kaixian , Liu Nanbo , Zhu Ping , Liu Mingxing , Xiao Yang 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAbnormal endometrial receptivity is a major cause of the failure of embryo transplantation, which may lead to infertility, adverse pregnancy, and neonatal outcomes. While hormonal treatment has dramatically improved the fertility outcomes in women with endometriosis, a substantial unmet need persists in the treatment. In this study, methacrylate gelatin (GelMA) and methacrylate sericin (SerMA) hydrogel with human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (HUMSC) encapsulation was designed for facilitating endometrial regeneration and fertility restoration through in situ injection. The presented GelMA/10%SerMA hydrogel showed appropriate swelling ratio, good mechanical properties, and degradation stability. In vitro cell experiments showed that the prepared hydrogels had excellent biocompatibility and cell encapsulation ability of HUMSC. Further in vivo experiments demonstrated that GelMA/SerMA@HUMSC hydrogel could increase the thickness of endometrium and improve the endometrial interstitial fibrosis. Moreover, regenerated endometrial tissue was more receptive to transfer embryos. Summary, we believed that GelMA/SerMA@HUMSC hydrogel will hold tremendous promise to repair or regenerate damaged endometrium.
First experiences of integrating computational thinking into a blended learning in‐service training program for STEM teachers
Authors: Knie Lisa , Standl Bernhard , Schwarzer Stefan 
Published: May 2022

AbstractOver the last two decades, computational thinking (CT) has gained importance in discussions about competencies that students require to deal with complex problems in a world shaped by digitalization. Therefore, schools and teachers should integrate CT into their instructional practices. Particularly, the STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) subjects are seen as a meaningful context for embedding CT. Yet, there are only a few professional development programs that address STEM teachers and how to integrate CT. Thus, in our study, we redesigned an in‐service teacher training program. The redesigned program was offered in a blended‐learning format, consisting of alternating digital and face‐to‐face phases. As part of the digital phases, an interactive online self‐learning module on CT was introduced to foster transdisciplinary competencies in the field of STEM to solve complex problems. To identify the perceptions and development of the participants of the training program and the online module on CT a within‐subject design was used with a questionnaire survey, conducted with a pre‐post‐follow‐up design. The first results of the ongoing survey indicate high satisfaction with both the program itself and the online CT module. At the beginning of the program, about two‐thirds of the participating teachers were completely unfamiliar with the term CT, nevertheless, interest in the new topic was high. It was shown the program was able to create initial awareness of the meaning and importance of CT. In addition, teachers who have engaged with CT during the intervention seem to use CT‐related practices more often in the classroom afterward.
Genetic Survey of Psilocybe Natural Products
Authors: Dörner Sebastian , Rogge Kai , Fricke Janis , Schäfer Tim , Wurlitzer Jacob M. , Gressler Markus , Pham Duyen N. K. , Manke David R. , Chadeayne Andrew R. , Hoffmeister Dirk 
Published: May 2022

AbstractPsilocybe magic mushrooms are best known for their main natural product, psilocybin, and its dephosphorylated congener, the psychedelic metabolite psilocin. Beyond tryptamines, the secondary metabolome of these fungi is poorly understood. The genomes of five species (P. azurescens, P. cubensis, P. cyanescens, P. mexicana, and P. serbica) were browsed to understand more profoundly common and species‐specific metabolic capacities. The genomic analyses revealed a much greater and yet unexplored metabolic diversity than evident from parallel chemical analyses. P. cyanescens and P. mexicana were identified as aeruginascin producers. Lumichrome and verpacamide A were also detected as Psilocybe metabolites. The observations concerning the potential secondary metabolome of this fungal genus support pharmacological and toxicological efforts to find a rational basis for yet elusive phenomena, such as paralytic effects, attributed to consumption of some magic mushrooms.
T‐Joint Micromixer Coupled with Deforming Diaphragm
Authors: Madapati Nikhilesh , Arumuru Venugopal 
Published: May 2022

AbstractA novel active micromixer design involving an oscillating diaphragm is proposed. A simulation study is performed to determine the effect of diaphragm length, amplitude, and frequency of the oscillating diaphragm on the mixing index. The geometry is a simple T‐joint with an elongated channel for the outlet with a diaphragm on the outlet channel wall. The fluids at the inlets are similar in fluid properties with the same flow rate and diffusion constant. The mixing index saturates with increasing frequency and amplitude of oscillation for a given diaphragm length. The diaphragm's effectiveness was calculated based on the pressure difference between the diaphragm inlet and outlet zone. The effectiveness declined with an increase in the frequency of the diaphragm oscillation. An analytical expression is derived to find the effect of the frequency and amplitude of the diaphragm oscillation on the mixing index. This simple novel design may find wide applications in various industrial fields.
Nature‐inspired materials and designs for flexible lithium‐ion batteries
Authors: Li Heng , Wang Huibo , Chan Dan , Xu Zhu , Wang Kexuan , Ge Mingzheng , Zhang Yanyan , Chen Shi , Tang Yuxin 
Published: May 2022

AbstractFlexible lithium‐ion batteries (FLBs) are of critical importance to the seamless power supply of flexible and wearable electronic devices. However, the simultaneous acquirements of mechanical deformability and high energy density remain a major challenge for FLBs. Through billions of years of evolutions, many plants and animals have developed unique compositional and structural characteristics, which enable them to have both high mechanical deformability and robustness to cope with the complex and stressful environment. Inspired by nature, many new materials and designs emerge recently to achieve mechanically flexible and high storage capacity of lithium‐ion batteries at the same time. Here, we summarize these novel FLBs inspired by natural and biological materials and designs. We first give a brief introduction to the fundamentals and challenges of FLBs. Then, we highlight the latest achievements based on nature inspiration, including fiber‐shaped FLBs, origami and kirigami‐derived FLBs, and the nature‐inspired structural designs in FLBs. Finally, we discuss the current status, remaining challenges, and future opportunities for the development of FLBs. This concise yet focused review highlights current inspirations in FLBs and wishes to broaden our view of FLB materials and designs, which can be directly “borrowed” from nature.
Facile carbon cloth activation strategy to boost oxygen reduction reaction performance for flexible zinc‐air battery application
Authors: Manjunatha Revanasiddappa , Yuan Jingchao , Hongwei Li , Deng Shu‐Qi , Ezeigwe Ejikeme R. , Zuo Yinze , Dong Li , Li Aijun , Yan Wei , Zhang Fangzhou , Zhang Jiujun 
Published: May 2022

AbstractFlexible and all‐solid‐state zinc‐air batteries (ZABs) are highly useful and also in demand due to their theoretical high energy densities and special applications. The limitation in their performance arises due to their catalyst‐coated cathode electrodes in terms of catalytic activity and stability as well as cost. In this paper, a novel and environmentally friendly activation strategy is developed to activate the carbon cloth (CC) for the electrodes. The activated CC serves as a catalyst‐free air cathode with high conductivity, excellent mechanical strength, and flexibility, in addition to low cost. The strategy is performed by simply electro‐oxidizing and electroreducing CC under ultrahigh direct current (DC) voltage in a diluted NH4Cl aqueous electrolyte. It is found that the electro‐oxidation not only results in the formation of a graphene‐like exfoliated carbon layer on the surface of CC but also induces the incorporation of oxygen‐containing groups and doping of nitrogen and chloride atoms. After the electroreduction, the π‐conjugated carbon network of CC is partially restored, leading to the recovery of electroconductivity. Such an electroactivated CC shows excellent oxygen reduction reaction activity. The aqueous flexibility and all‐solid‐state ZABs are assembled using such an electroactivated CC cathode without any catalyst loading. Both ZABs can achieve good durability and deliver high peak power density and an energy density as high as 690 Wh kg−1, demonstrating the excellent potential of this electroactivated CC in practical devices.
Recent advances in solar‐driven CO2 reduction over g‐C3N4‐based photocatalysts
Authors: Xu Quanlong , Xia Zhihua , Zhang Jingmei , Wei Zhiyi , Guo Qin , Jin Huile , Tang Hua , Li Shouzhu , Pan Xuecong , Su Zhi , Wang Shun 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe persistent increase of CO2 levels in the atmosphere, already exceeding 400 ppm, urges the exploration of CO2 emission reduction and recycling technologies. Ideally, photocatalytic conversion of CO2 into valuable hydrocarbons realizes solar‐to‐chemical energy conversion, which is a desirable “kill two birds with one stone” strategy; namely, CO2 photoreduction can simultaneously tackle energy shortage and keep global carbon balance. Graphitic carbon nitride (g‐C3N4) working on CO2 reduction reaction deserves a highlight not only for the metal‐free feature that endows it with low cost, tunable electronic structure, and easy fabrication properties but also because of its strong reduction ability. The present review concisely summarizes the latest advances of g‐C3N4‐based photocatalysts toward CO2 reduction. It starts with the discussion of thermodynamics and dynamics aspects of the CO2 reduction process. Then the modification strategies to promote g‐C3N4‐based photocatalysts in CO2 photoreduction have been discussed in detail, including surface functionalization, molecule structure engineering, crystallization, morphology engineering, loading cocatalyst, and constructing heterojunction. Meanwhile, the intrinsic factors affecting CO2 reduction activity and selectivity are analyzed and summarized. In the end, the challenges and prospects for the future development of highly g‐C3N4‐based photocatalysts in CO2 reduction are also presented.
Stretchable supercapacitor based on a hierarchical PPy/CNT electrode and hybrid hydrogel electrolyte with a wide operating temperature
Authors: Ren Yanfang , Liu Yunlong , Wang Siying , Wang Qian , Li Shuhong , Wang Wenjun , Dong Xiaochen 
Published: May 2022

AbstractHydrogel is frequently used as a solid electrolyte for all solid‐state supercapacitors (SCs) because of its liquid‐like ion‐transport property and high conformability. However, due to the higher water content, the hydrogel electrolyte undergoes inevitable freezing and/or dehydration with climate change. Herein, polypyrrole/carbon all‐solid‐state SCs (PCSCs) were developed based on a hierarchical polypyrrole/carbon nanotube electrode and a highly stretchable double‐network polymer hydrogel electrolyte with LiCl/ethylene glycol as a mixed solvent. The PCSCs showed excellent electrochemical performance and cycle stability with a wide operating temperature. The specific capacitances could reach 202.2 and 112.3 mF cm−2 at current densities of 0.5 and 3.0 mA cm−2, respectively. Meanwhile, the PCSCs showed outstanding mechanical properties in maintaining a high areal capacitance under deformations of bending and tension. The excellent water retention of the device also ensured the stable electrochemical performance of PCSCs in a wide temperature range (30–80°C), which could potentially represent a reliable application in various harsh environments.
Assembly ofϵ‐Keggin Polyoxometalate from Molecular Crystal to Zeolitic Octahedral Metal Oxide
Authors: Wang Jie , Li Denan , Yang Honggui , Yao Shufan , Zhu Qianqian , Sadakane Masahiro , Li Yanshuo , Ueda Wataru , Zhang Zhenxin 
Published: May 2022

AbstractZeolitic octahedral metal oxides are inorganic crystalline microporous materials with adsorption and redox properties. Newϵ‐Keggin nickel molybdate–based zeolitic octahedral metal oxides have been synthesized.31P NMR spectroscopy shows that reduction of MoVI‐based molybdates forms anϵ‐Keggin polyoxometalate that immediately transfers to the solid phase. Investigation of the formation process indicates that a low Ni concentration, insoluble reducing agent, and long synthesis time are the critical factors for obtaining the zeolite octahedral metal oxides rather than theϵ‐Keggin polyoxometalate molecule. The synthesized zeolitic nickel molybdate with Na+is used as the adsorbent, which effectively separates C2hydrocarbon mixtures.
Ultra‐Long Lived Luminescent Triplet Excited States in Cyclic (Alkyl)(amino)carbene Complexes of Zn(II) Halides
Authors: Mrózek Ondřej , Gernert Markus , Belyaev Andrey , Mitra Mousree , Janiak Lars , Marian Christel M. , Steffen Andreas 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe high element abundance and d10 electron configuration make ZnII‐based compounds attractive candidates for the development of novel photoactive molecules. Although a large library of purely fluorescent compounds exists, emission involving triplet excited states is a rare phenomenon for zinc complexes. We have investigated the photophysical and ‐chemical properties of a series of dimeric and monomeric ZnII halide complexes bearing a cyclic (alkyl)(amino)carbene (cAAC) as chromophore unit. Specifically, [(cAAC)XZn(μ‐X)2ZnX(cAAC)] (X=Cl (1), Br (2), I (3)) and [ZnX2(cAAC)(NCMe)] (X=Br (4), I (5)) were isolated and fully characterized, showing intense visible light photoluminescence under UV irradiation at 297 K and fast photo‐induced transformation. At 77 K, the compounds exhibit improved stability allowing to record ultra‐long lifetimes in the millisecond regime. DFT/MRCI calculations confirm that the emission stems from 3XCT/LEcAAC states and indicate the phototransformation to be related to asymmetric distortion of the complexes by cAAC ligand rotation. This study enhances our understanding of the excited state properties for future development and application of new classes of ZnII phosphorescent complexes.
Ergochaeglobosins A—E, Unprecedented Heterodimers of Cytochalasan and Ergosterol fromChaeglobosin globosumP2‐2‐2
Authors: Peng Xiaogang , Liu Junjun , Qin Chunlun , Wu Qian , Li Wanpeng , Mohammadipanah Fatemeh , Ruan Hanli 
Published: May 2022

Comprehensive SummaryFive novel heterodimers of cytochalasan and ergosterol, ergochaeglobosins A—E, were isolated from an endophytic fungusChaetomium globosumP2‐2‐2. Ergochaeglobosin A (1) possesses an unprecedented 5/6/13/6/5/6/6/6 fused octacyclic ring system, and ergochaeglobosins B (2) and C (3) form a unique 5/6/13/6/6/6/6/5 fused octacyclic ring system, whereas ergochaeglobosins D (4) and F (5) are the first cytochalasan heterodimers formedviaa N‐1′/C‐3′′ single bond. Their structures with absolute configurations were established by extensive spectroscopic analyses, single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction, and ECD calculations. The plausible biogenetic pathway of 1—5 was postulated. Compound 1 exhibited inhibitory effects against ConA‐induced T cells and LPS‐induced B cells proliferation with IC50values of 19.2 and 14.1 μmol/L, respectively. Co‐treatment of 3 (20 μmol/L) with TRAIL (150 ng/mL) could significantly decrease the cell viability of A549 by 24.9% comparing with monotherapy of 3 (20 μmol/L).
A varying‐radius cable equation for the modelling of impulse propagation in excitable fibres
Authors: Alqahtani Abdulrahman , Alabed Amr , Alharbi Yousef , Bakouri Mohsen , Lovell Nigel H. , Dokos Socrates 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn this study, we present a varying‐radius cable equation for nerve fibres taking into account the varying diameter along the neuronal segments. Finite element neuronal models utilising the classical (fixed‐radius) and varying‐radius cable formulations were compared using simple and realistic morphologies under intra‐ and extracellular electrical stimulation protocols. We found that the use of the classical cable equation to model intracellular neural electrical stimulation exhibited an error of 17% in a passive resistive cable model with abrupt change in radius from 1 to 2 μm, when compared to the known analytical solution and varying‐radius cable formulation. This error was observed to increase substantially using more realistic neuron morphologies and branching structures. In the case of extracellular stimulation however, the difference between the classical and varying‐radius formulations was less pronounced, but we expect this difference will increase under more complex stimulation paradigms such as high‐frequency stimulation. We conclude that for computational neuroscience applications, it is essential to use the varying‐radius cable equation for accurate prediction of neuronal responses under electrical stimulation.
Mean control chart based on ranked set schemes for unknown skewed probability distribution and parameters
Authors: Riaz Muhammad , Mehmood Rashid , Rehman Masooda , Ali Iftikhar , Zaman Babar 
Published: May 2022

SummarySeveral structures of mean control chart based on ranked set schemes are available in literature. These structures involve assumptions, that is, process distribution is known and sufficient amount of samples is available in estimating unknown parameters. It is a fact that the restricted assumptions do not fulfill in several processes. In such situation, the actual false alarm rate of mean control chart under ranked set schemes is deviated from true level. This issue has taken as one of the motivations of present study. In this study, we have designed a skewness correction mean control chart for managing the situations where skewed probability distribution and process parameters are unknown. The proposed skewness correction mean control chart depends on known skewness level of a process characteristics rather than the restricted assumption of known probability distribution. Furthermore, proposed skewness correction and usual mean control charts are assessed using actual false alarm rate. The outcomes revealed that actual false alarm rate of proposed skewness correction mean control chart remains close to true level when assumption(s) is violated compared to usual mean control chart. To explain the implementation procedure as well as advantages of the proposed control chart over usual, simulated and real data examples are considered. The real data example from agriculture field is included in which proposed control chart is implemented to monitor calcium + magnesium contents of irrigation water.
A Vanadium Dioxide‐PMMA Composite For Microwave Radiation Switching
Authors: Kucheriv Olesia I. , Grygoruk Valery I. , Oliynyk Viktor V. , Zagorodnii Volodymyr V. , Launets Vilen L. , Rotaru Aurelian , Gural'skiy Il'ya A. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractReconfigurable radio‐frequency components are in high demand for modern communication systems as they can be involved in multiband and multistandard electronic devices. The key part of such components is an active switching element. This work offers a way to obtain an efficient microwave switch using vanadium dioxide‐poly (methyl methacrylate) composite. Differential scanning calorimetry, SQUID magnetometery, and impedance spectroscopy measurements were used to characterize the phase transition in the proposed composite. Temperature induced metal‐insulator transition occurs at technologically attractive 341 K. The transition leads to a change of microwave transmission trough VO2‐PMMA composite from −4.9 dB for low‐temperature monoclinic form to −5.8 dB for high‐temperature rutile form. This provides an ability to tune the material's transparency in the microwave range, while the shaping polymer matrix provides the proper mechanical processability of the switching element.