bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gender differences in social-demographic factors associated with prefrailty in Japanese rural community-dwelling older adults
Authors: Shibata Aki , Suzuki Asuka , Takahashi Kenzo 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Frailty in older adults is an important health issue. To prevent frailty, it is necessary to focus on prefrailty and consider preventive interventions that incorporate social aspects. This study investigated factors affecting prefrailty, focusing on social aspects.A self-administered survey was conducted among residents aged ≥65 years in Japan. The survey assessed basic attributes, physical factors, mental factors, and social factors. The Kihon Checklist (KCL) was used to assess prefrailty. KCL scores were used to categorize participants into a prefrailty group and a healthy group. Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the relationship between prefrailty and scores for each gender. Social factors significantly associated with prefrailty for women were social participation in middle age (odds ratio: 2.34, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.08–5.05, p=0.031) and having friends who listen to one’s concerns (odds ratio: 2.34, 95% CI: 1.03–5.32, p=0.043). However, no association with social factors was found for men.This study showed that interventionable social factors that affected prefrailty in women were community involvement and being able to share concerns with friends. The findings suggest the need for support that emphasizes social aspects to prevent prefrailty. However, further research on social factors among men is warranted.
Effect of gastric background mucosal status on the invasiveness of undifferentiated early gastric cancer and the role of the glucocholesterol glycoside-a multicenter study
Authors: Jiang Zhang-Xiu , Liang Yun-Xiao , Deng wei , Ning Jia-Juan , Qin yue-qiu , Qi Jing-Jing , Yan yu-dong , Li hong 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background：Undifferentiated early gastric cancer in different patients can show a completely different type of biological behavior. The purpose of this study was to clarify the effect of a Helicobacter pylori infection in the gastric mucosa on the biological behavior of undifferentiated early gastric cancer and to provide ideas for the selection of treatment and the control of its occurrence and development.Methods: According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, patients suspected of undifferentiated early gastric cancer who underwent gastroscopy in several hospitals in Guangxi from 2018 to 2020 were included in succession.Results: A total of 61 cases of undifferentiated early gastric cancer, 41 cases of H. pylori from the related gastric cancer group (including 16 cases of H. pylori infection and 25 cases of previous infection), 20 cases from the H. pylori negative group (control group). The neutrophil lymphocyte ratio, lymph node metastasis rate, and the glucocholesterol glycoside from the H. pylori related gastric cancer group were higher than those from the control group.Conclusion: H. pylori can inhibit T cell immunity through the glucocholesterol glycoside and promote the development and metastasis of undifferentiated early gastric cancer.
Effect of duration of culture period on the agar yield and gel strength of Gracilaria dura C. Agardh (Gracilariaceae, Rhodophyta) at Saurashtra coast, Gujarat, India
Authors: Kavale Monica Gajanan , Meena Ramavatar , Veeragurunathan V. , Persis M 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Gracilaria dura J. Agardh is a promising source of agar and agarose and have potential for commercial farming in India. Due to moderate to strong wave action along the west coast of India, the tube-net and floating monoline methods are recommended for commercial cultivation of G. dura. In order to optimized the culture period, for augmented biomass production and better quality of agar, G. dura was cultivated by floating monoline method with different culture period such as 15, 25, 35, 45 and 55 days cycle− 1 during December, 2018 to April, 2020. It was observed that the Daily Growth Rate (DGR), progressively decreased with increase in the duration of culture period. Among the culture period analyzed, the highest DGR (8.47 ± 2.29%) and biomass yield (233.3 ± 82.48 g.fr.wt m− 1) was observed at 15 and 35 days culture period respectively. Both biomass yield and DGR significantly (p < 0.05) varied between growth period tested. Higher agar yield (34.5 ± 0.71%) and gel strength (1606.5 ± 27.58 g cm− 2) was recorded at 35 days and 25 days culture period respectively. However, gel strength did not vary significantly (p > 0.05) between different culture periods and agar yield, whereas the ash content was varied significantly (p > 0.05) between different culture period. Minimal culture period maintained the vegetative phase of G. dura and reducing the maturity (i.e. sporulation phase) which resulted higher biomass yield and DGR. Harvests cycle also reduced while increasing culture period. Therefore, the culture period of 25–35 days was found ideal for commercial farming of G. dura along the Saurashtra coast, India.
Comprehensive treatment of diaphragm localized malignant mesothelioma and follow-up for five years—a case report and literature review.
Authors: Chen Qiu-lin 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Primary tumors of the diaphragm are rare,especially for the malignant mesothelioma.There is no case report of this kind of disease followed up for more than five years after surgical treatment in the world. Case presentation:A patient presented with repeated chest tightness and shortness of breath for one year. A crescent shadow of the posterior costal diaphragm area with clear margin and obvious enhancement and higher signs of iodine photography was found on computed tomography.This patient was diagnosed by VATS(TV-assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery) and open thoracotomy surgery. After regular chemotherapy and 5 years of follow-up, the patient was in good condition and had no evidence of recurrence. Conclusions: This case report can improve the awareness of the extremely rare diseases of malignant mesothelioma of the diaphragm. Early surgery combined with regular postoperative chemotherapy may give patients a good prognosis.
Assessment of health service providers’ perception on safe abortion care in Kimbibit District, North Shoa Zone, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia, 2021
Authors: Zike Terefe Tadesse , Tesfahun Esubalew , Mamo Tadesse , Asrat Habtamu 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Abortion is termination of pregnancy before fetal viability. The induced abortion may be safe or unsafe abortion. In the worldwide about 22 million of unsafe abortion is occurring yearly. From this 98% is occurring in developing countries. In Ethiopia about 30% of maternal death was related to unsafe abortion. So assessing the health provides’ perception on safe abortion is important for setting interventions to reduce the proportion of unsafe abortion.Objective: To assess health service providers’ perception on safe abortion care in Kimbibit District, North Shoa, Oromia Region, Ethiopia, 2021.Methods: An institutional based cross-sectional study design was conducted from March25-April 5/2021. Two hundred eighty six health care providers included in the study. Data were collected using structured pretested questioner. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify the independent predictors’ of health providers’ perception on safe abortion. Adjusted odds ratio and its 95% CI were used to measure the strength of statistical association and its significance respectively. Significant association was declared at p-value less than 0.05. Result: A total 286 health care providers participate in the study. About 53.8% of the participants had favorable perception. Those respondents who are male (AOR=1.51; 95% CI: 1.09, 2.91), those in age group of 43-49 years (AOR=3.54; 95% CI: 1.00, 12.51), those who were married (AOR=2.13; 95% CI: 1.20, 3.76), those who had high attitude (AOR=5.58; 95% CI: 3.25, 9.59) were more likely had favorable perception toward safe abortion. Conclusion: Health providers’ perception on safe abortion was unfavorable. According to this study, Sex, age, marital status, attitude of respondents were determinant factors for perception of health care provider toward safe abortion. Therefore to increase favorable perception of health care provider toward safe abortion on job training should be given.
Measuring variation in vertical ground reaction force for football boot midsoles, playing surfaces and football specific movements
Authors: KESHVARI Bahador , Mitternacht Juergen , Senner Veit 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Excessive repetitive impacts in football are linked to chronic and non-contact injuries. Number of factors (extrinsic and intrinsic) play roles on such injuries. Purpose: Our study aimed to investigate the effect of midsoles, surfaces and specific football movements on peak vertical ground reaction force (VGRF). Materials and Methods: The studs of two football boots, artificial turf boots (ATB) and natural grass boots (NGB), used in this study were removed, after which the soles were smoothed and covered with abrasive paper. 17 male subjects 26 (±6) years old, 181(±7) cm, 79 (±11) kg performed two specific football movements (cutting 135° and penalty kick) on artificial turf (AT) and natural grass (NG) with ATB and NGB. The cushioning characteristics of the two football boots and resilience modulus of the two surfaces NG and AT were measured with an impactor machine and light falling weight deflectometer. Results: Peak VGRF was measured with insole measurement system for all possible conditions. Our findings determined that the ATB (softer midsole) generates greater VGRF (2.25BW) than the NGB (1.95BW) – an increase of 15%. In terms of the surface, the AT with higher resilience modulus results in higher VGRF. Moreover, the peak VGRF of the cutting movement (2.28BW) differed significantly compared to the penalty kick (1.99BW). Conclusion: Our results indicate that in boot-surface interaction, the effect of midsole boot cushioning on VGRF is more tangible than surface resilience. However, this study motivates boot developers to design a football boot based on all three variables: midsole hardness, movements and surface hardness.
One same initiating molecule and two divided downstream pathways? — Mechanism of aluminum-induced programmed neural cell necrosis
Authors: Hao Yan-xia , zhang Jin-tao , Zhang Jing-si , Li Huan , He Chan-ting , zhang Shu-hui , Wang Shan , Zhou Yue , Niu Qiao 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Objective
The research is to elucidate the mechanism of programmed neuronal necrosis induced by aluminum exposure. The mechanism of programmed neuronal cell necrosis caused by aluminum exposure is due to the key death proteins RIP1, RIP3, MLKL and CaMKⅡ in vivo and vitro experiments.
Methods
In vivo study, mice were intraperitoneally injected with freshly prepared maltol aluminum for two months to establish aluminum-induced cognitive impairment model. The key death related proteins were measured by Western blot and the relationships between those proteins were detected by IP. LDH release was used to show the cell death, and ROS indicated the damage of brain. In Al-exposed SH-SY5Y cells, GSK'872 was interfered to observe the expression of key death related proteins by WB and IP, as well as PI dyeing. Besides, NSA and KN-93 were administered to detect the LDH release and ROS change, including mitochondrial membrane potential variation in the Al-exposed cells.
Results
Expression of RIP1, RIP3, MLKL and CaMKⅡ proteins were increased in vivo and vitro study after aluminum exposure. Inhibition of RIP3, MLKL and CaMKⅡ protein expression could reduce PI stained cells and LDH release. ROS declined after administration of GSK'872 and NSA in Al-exposed cells, while mitochondrial membrane potential elevated after intervention of KN-93 in Al-exposed cells with decreased mitochondrial membrane potential.
Conclusion
Programmed neuronal necrosis was one of the main causes though that aluminum lead to neuron reduction. The signal pathways involved in programmed necrosis were RIP1-RIP3-MLKL and RIP1-RIP3-CaMKⅡ pathways, one same initiating molecule – RIP1, two downstream pathways: RIP3-MLKL pathway and RIP3-CaMKII pathway.
Knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding COVID-19 infection among chronic disease patients visiting tertiary hospitals of Nepal: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Ranabhat Kamal , Bhattarai Anil , Saud Bhuvan , Bhattarai Suraj , Paudel Kiran , Acharya Devaka Kumari , Tripathi Sangita , Shah Sangam , Bhatta Nikita , Das Santa Kumar , Devkota Surya , Marahatta Sujan Babu 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Aim: To access the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) towards COVID-19 disease among chronic diseases patients visiting tertiary hospitals of Kathmandu. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among chronic disease patients who visited Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital and Manmohan Cardiothoracic Vascular and Transplant Center, Kathmandu. Semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect patients’ socio-demographic data and perspectives on COVID-19. Results: Four hundred chronic disease patients participated in the study, with 53.2% female and 46.8% male, and 56.8% of age ≥50 years. Overall, 55.5% of the participants had good knowledge, 56.2% had good practice, and 30.7% had positive attitude towards COVID-19. Younger patients, 18-34 years, were found to have higher odds of having good knowledge compared to other age groups (aOR: 2.5; 95% CI: 1.3-6.0). The patients with less than average family income and those unable to read and write had lower odds of having positive attitude towards COVID-19 (aOR: 0.6; 95% CI: 0.4-0.9 and aOR: 0.4; 95%CI: 0.2-0.9, respectively). A statistically significant correlation was found between the patients’ knowledge and practice, knowledge and attitude, and attitude and practice (p <0.001). Conclusion: Nearly half of the chronic disease patients in Nepal had poor knowledge and practice whereas more than two-third had negative attitude towards COVID-19 disease. Older age of the patient was significantly associated with poor knowledge and poor practice. These study findings could be helpful for the government and non-government stakeholders while planning COVID-19 awareness campaigns to the targeted patient groups.
Optimizing the design of an estuarine water quality monitoring network by optimal control techniques
Authors: Alvarez-Vazquez Lino J. , Martinez Aurea , Rodriguez Carmen , Vazquez-Mendez Miguel E. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In this work we propose a novel methodology in order to automatically optimize the location of the sampling points for a water quality monitoring network in an estuary, in such a way that any unknown pollution source can be identified (both in intensity and location) from the data supplied by those sampling points. In the central part of the article, after a rigorous mathematical formulation of the environmental problem, the full details of its numerical implementation are given. Finally, we present and analyze the results when applying above proposed technique to study a real case in Ria of Vigo (northwestern Spain).
Research on Speckle Classification of Multimode Fiber Based on Inception V3
Authors: Li Zifei , Zhang Zili , Zhang Leihong , Xu Runchu , Zhang Dawei 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Multimode fibers(MMF) play a crucial role in promoting the miniaturization of endoscopes. With the development of deep learning and machine learning, neural networks can be used to recognize and classify the speckle patterns obtained at the output of optical fibers. Based on the speckle pattern of HERLEV cell images transmitted by multimode fiber, this paper studies the recognition accuracy of support vector machines (SVM), k-nearest neighbors (KNN) and convolutional neural networks (Inception V3) for multiple types of speckle. The experimental results show that Inception V3 has the highest classification accuracy, which is 1.60% and 0.58% higher than the classification accuracy of SVM and KNN algorithms on 7 types of cervical cell data sets respectively, reaches 97.9% accuracy, confirming the effectiveness of Inception V3 algorithm in identifying speckle.
AMPDeep: Hemolytic Activity Prediction of Antimicrobial Peptides using Transfer Learning
Authors: Salem Milad , Arshadi Arash Keshavarzi , Yuan Jiann Shiun 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Deep learning’s automatic feature extraction has proven to give superior performance in many sequence classification tasks. However, deep learning models generally require a massive amount of data to train, which in the case of Hemolytic Activity Prediction of Antimicrobial Peptides creates a challenge due to the small amount of available data. Results: Three different benchmarks for hemolysis activity prediction of therapeutic and antimicrobial peptides are gathered and the AMPDeep pipeline is implemented for each. The result demonstrate that AMPDeep outperforms the previous works on all three benchmarks, including works that use physicochemical features to represent the peptides or those who solely rely on the sequence and use deep learning to learn representation for the peptides. AMPDeep fine-tunes a large transformer based model on a small amount of peptides and successfully leverages the patterns learned from other protein and peptide databases to assist hemolysis activity prediction modeling. Conclusions: In this work transfer learning is leveraged to overcome the challenge of small data and a deep learning based model is successfully adopted for hemolysis activity classification of antimicrobial peptides. This model is first initialized as a protein language model which is pre-trained on masked amino acid prediction on many unlabeled protein sequences in a self-supervised manner. Having done so, the model is fine-tuned on an aggregated dataset of labeled peptides in a supervised manner to predict secretion. Through transfer learning, hyper-parameter optimization and selective fine-tuning, AMPDeep is able to achieve state-of-the-art performance on three hemolysis benchmarks using only the sequence of the peptides. This work assists the adoption of large sequence-based models for peptide classification and modeling tasks in a practical manner.
Floristic Diversity, Community Structure and Species Richness of Malta (Citrus Sinensis) Based Traditional Homegardens of Tehri Garhwal, Uttarakhand, India
Authors: Goswami Suraj , Bijalwan Arvind , Singh Bhupendra , Ahmed Taufiq , Kumar Sandeep 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Traditional homegardens of Uttarkhand is a multipurpose and diverse farming system. It serves as a significant livelihood strategy for regulating household socioeconomic conditions. The present study aims to determine the floristic diversity, community structure, and species richness of Malta (Citrus sinensis) based traditional homegardens. The present study was conducted at two elevation ranges i.e. 1300-1500 masl and 1500-1700 masl in two blocks (Chamba and Jakhanidhar) of Tehri Garhwal district of Uttarakhand. Crop species inventory was prepared by homestead survey and random quadrat sampling method used for phytosociological and other parameters of trees. A total of 46 species were documented during the study, out of which 27 agriculture crops (58 %), 15 fruit crops (33%), and 3 multipurpose trees (6%).Citrus sinensis (density: 106-313 trees/ha; IVI: 128-216) was found to be the most dominating and important species of these homegardens in Garhwal Himalayas followed by Grewia optiva, Citrus limon, Mangifera indica, and Psidium guajava. The results of floristic diversity showed that the highest value of the Shannon and Weiner index (1.88), Simpson diversity index (0.76) and Margalef index (6.16) was recorded. The higher values of all diversity indexes (0.81, 0.47 and 2.24 respectively) were recorded in upper elevation. The value of Jaccard & Sorensen (Similarity) index among all study sites ranged from 23.07 to 27.77 and 33.33 to 42.47 respectively. Diversity and species richness of Malta-based traditional homegarden is high as compared to mono-cropping and provides food, fodder, fruits, and small timber to the farmers of the Tehri Garhwal region.
Investigating chemoreception and behavioural responses of Tetranychus urticae Koch to naturally-based repellents and acaricides
Authors: Gaudet Kayla Hope , Faraone Nicoletta , Hillier Neil Kirk 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Tetranychus urticae Koch (two-spotted spider mite) is a worldwide multi-host agricultural pest that has rapidly developed resistance to a variety of synthetic chemical pesticides due to its high fecundity and short generation time. Plant essential oils have been recognized as a novel natural source of pest control that have a reduced impact to the environment and human health from synthetic pesticide application, and which may provide a viable alternative for managing this pest. The present study focuses on assessing the potential of plant-derived products as repellents and miticides. A novel electrophysiological approach (electrotarsography) was developed to record olfactory sensitivity of T. urticae . Additionally, a novel two-choice behavioural assay was designed to determine whether T. urticae is attracted or repelled by selected compounds. Using Gas Chromatogram-linked to electrotarsographic detection (GC-ETD), we determined that T. urticae is sensitive to many terpenoids commonly found in essential oil mixtures, such as eucalyptol, thymol, and linalool. In addition, T. urticae was sensitive to carboxylic acids and a series of aldehydes, which are typically detected by ionotropic receptors. In two-choice behavioural assays, T. urticae was repelled by various essential oil mixtures, as well as carboxylic acids and aldehydes. In an effort to further identify compounds of behavioural relevance for T. urticae , collections of volatiles from mites were made using thermal desorption linked with GC-MS analysis. The study provides novel insight to identify behaviourally relevant chemical cues for the development of mite control strategies.
The Semi-Automated Development of Plant Cell Wall Finite Element Models
Authors: Sayad Andrew , Oduntan Yusuf , Bokros Norbert , DeBolt Seth , Benzecry Alice , Robertson Daniel J , Stubbs Christopher J 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This study presents a methodology for a high-throughput digitization and quantification process of plant cell walls characterization, including the automated development of two-dimensional finite element models. Custom algorithms based on machine learning can also analyze the cellular microstructure for phenotypes such as cell size, cell wall curvature, and cell wall orientation. To demonstrate the utility of these models, a series of compound microscope images of both herbaceous and woody representatives were observed and processed. In addition, parametric analyses were performed on the resulting finite element models. Sensitivity analyses of the structural stiffness of the resulting tissue based on the cell wall elastic modulus and the cell wall thickness; demonstrated that the cell wall thickness has a three-fold larger impact of tissue stiffness than cell wall elastic modulus.