bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Origins of symbiosis: shared mechanisms underlying microbial pathogenesis, commensalism and mutualism of plants and animals
Authors: Wiesmann Christina L , Wang Nicole R , Zhang Yue , Liu Zhexian , Haney Cara H 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Regardless of the outcome of symbiosis, whether it is pathogenic, mutualistic or commensal, bacteria must first colonize their hosts. Intriguingly, closely related bacteria that colonize diverse hosts with diverse outcomes of symbiosis have conserved host-association and virulence factors. This review describes commonalities in the process of becoming host associated amongst bacteria with diverse lifestyles. Whether a pathogen, commensal or mutualist, bacteria must sense the presence of and migrate towards a host, compete for space and nutrients with other microbes, evade the host immune system, and change their physiology to enable long-term host association. We primarily focus on well-studied taxa, such as Pseudomonas, that associate with diverse model plant and animal hosts, with far-ranging symbiotic outcomes. Given the importance of opportunistic pathogens and chronic infections in both human health and agriculture, understanding the mechanisms that facilitate symbiotic relationships between bacteria and their hosts will help inform the development of disease treatments for both humans, and the plants we eat.
Crustal structure and magmatism of the Marvin Spur and northern Alpha Ridge, Arctic Ocean
Authors: Funck Thomas , Shimeld John 
Published: December 2022

SUMMARYThe Marvin Spur is a 450-km-long east–west trending escarpment along the northernmost periphery of the Alpha Ridge, starting about 500 km from the coasts of Ellesmere Island and Greenland off the Arctic Ocean margin of North America and running subparallel to the Amerasian margin of the continental Lomonosov Ridge. This region was investigated as part of the Canada–Sweden Polar Expedition in 2016, from which two seismic profiles are presented. The first is a 165-km-long line along the crest of the Marvin Spur. The second is a 221-km-long line extending southwestward from the spur to the northern flank of the Alpha Ridge within the Cretaceous High Arctic Large Igneous Province (HALIP). Multichannel seismic reflection data were acquired along both lines using a 100-m-long streamer, and the airgun shots were also recorded using 16 sonobuoys and 5 stations on the sea ice to calculate a velocity model for the crust from forward modelling of seismic traveltimes. The Marvin Spur profile reveals up to 1100 m of sedimentary rocks on top of a 1-km-thick series of basalts (4.5–5.1 km s−1). Upper and lower crust have velocities of 5.8–5.9 km s−1 and 6.2–6.3 km s−1, respectively, with the upper crust being 1–2 km thick compared to around 13 km for the lower crust. A wide-angle double seismic reflection manifests the top and base of a 6-km-thick lower crustal layer that we interpret as magmatic underplating beneath the continental crust of the Marvin Spur. We correlate a high-amplitude magnetic anomaly on Marvin Spur with a comparable anomaly on Lomonosov Ridge by invoking 110 km of dextral strike-slip motion. Assuming that HALIP-related magmatic deposits generate these anomalies, the strike-slip motion pre-dates the main phase of magmatism (latest Cretaceous, 78 Ma). On the northern Alpha Ridge, sediments are around 1-km-thick and cover a 700 to 1700-m-thick series of basalts with velocities of 4.4–4.8 km s−1. Below is a 3-km-thick layer with intermediate velocities of 5.6 km s−1 and a lower crust with a velocity of 6.8 km s−1. Moho depth is not resolved seismically, but gravity modelling indicates a total thickness of 13 or 18 km for the igneous crust except for the Fedotov Seamount where Moho deepens by about 5 km. Construction of the seamount occurred in multiple magmatic phases, including flow eruptions during deposition of the Cenozoic sedimentary succession post-dating the main HALIP magmatism.
Impact of asymmetrical mass ejection from proto-white dwarfs on the properties of binary millisecond pulsars
Authors: Tang Wen-Shi , Gao Shi-Jie , Li Xiang-Dong 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT
The standard formation theory of binary millisecond pulsars (BMSPs) predicts efficient orbital circularization due to tidal interaction during the previous mass transfer phase. Therefore, BMSPs are expected to have a circular orbit. However, the discovery of several eccentric BMSPs (eBMSPs) with a white dwarf (WD) companion has challenged this picture. In particular, recent observation reveals that the spin angular momentum of the eBMSP J0955−6150 is tilted at an angle &gt;4.8○ from the orbital angular momentum. This is the first time that a tilt angle is deduced for eBMSPs, which provides an important clue to their formation mechanism. Both the orbital eccentricity and the tilt angle could be qualitatively accounted for by asymmetrical mass ejection during thermonuclear flashes from proto-WDs (so-called thermonuclear rocket model), but detailed studies are still lacking. In this paper, we simulate the impact of the kick caused by asymmetrical mass ejection on the properties of BMSPs. We find that the thermonuclear rocket model can potentially explain the observational characteristics of both eBMSPs and normal BMSPs under reasonable input parameters. In addition, our results predict a wide range of the orbital period (from less than one day to more than several hundred days) for eBMSPs, which can be tested by future observations.
The MeerKAT Pulsar Timing Array: first data release
Authors: Miles M T , Shannon R M , Bailes M , Reardon D J , Keith M J , Cameron A D , Parthasarathy A , Shamohammadi M , Spiewak R , van Straten W , Buchner S , Camilo F , Geyer M , Karastergiou A , Kramer M , Serylak M , Theureau G , Venkatraman Krishnan V 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT
We present the first 2.5 yr of data from the MeerKAT Pulsar Timing Array (MPTA), part of MeerTime, a MeerKAT Large Survey Project. The MPTA aims to precisely measure pulse arrival times from an ensemble of 88 pulsars visible from the Southern hemisphere, with the goal of contributing to the search, detection, and study of nanohertz-frequency gravitational waves as part of the International Pulsar Timing Array. This project makes use of the MeerKAT telescope and operates with a typical observing cadence of 2 weeks using the L-band receiver that records data from 856 to 1712 MHz. We provide a comprehensive description of the observing system, software, and pipelines used and developed for the MeerTime project. The data products made available as part of this data release are from the 78 pulsars that had at least 30 observations between the start of the MeerTime programme in February 2019 and October 2021. These include both sub-banded and band-averaged arrival times and the initial timing ephemerides, noise models, and the frequency-dependent standard templates (portraits) used to derive pulse arrival times. After accounting for detected noise processes in the data, the frequency-averaged residuals of 67 of the pulsars achieved a root-mean-square residual precision of $\lt 1 \, \mu \rm {s}$. We also present a novel recovery of the clock correction waveform solely from pulsar timing residuals and an exploration into preliminary findings of interest to the international pulsar timing community. The arrival times, standards, and full Stokes parameter-calibrated pulsar timing archives are publicly available.
Polypharmacy prevalence and associated factors in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: A single-centre, cross-sectional study
Authors: Miyake Hirofumi , Sada Ryuichi Minoda , Akebo Hiroyuki , Tsugihashi Yukio , Hatta Kazuhiro 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT

Objectives
This study aimed to clarify factors associated with polypharmacy among patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

Methods
This single-centre cross-sectional study was conducted by reviewing the medical records and questionnaire data of 261 systemic lupus erythematosus patients at a teaching hospital in Japan from 1 September to 30 November 2020. Polypharmacy was defined as the regular administration of five or more oral medications; excessive polypharmacy consisted of the regular use of 10 or more oral medications. This study investigated (1) the prevalence of polypharmacy and excessive polypharmacy, (2) the distribution of medication types, and (3) the factors associated with polypharmacy and excessive polypharmacy.

Results
The proportions of patients who exhibited polypharmacy and excessive polypharmacy were 70% and 19%, respectively. Polypharmacy was associated with older age, long duration of systemic lupus erythematosus, high disease activity, and administration of glucocorticoids or immunosuppressive agents. Excessive polypharmacy was associated with a higher updated Charlson comorbidity index, history of visits to multiple internal medicine clinics, and presence of public assistance.

Conclusions
Polypharmacy and excessive polypharmacy in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus are related to medical aspects such as disease severity and comorbidities in addition to social aspects such as hospital visitation patterns and economic status.
ZYP1-mediated recruitment of PCH2 to the synaptonemal complex remodels the chromosome axis leading to crossover restriction
Authors: Yang Chao , Sofroni Kostika , Hamamura Yuki , Hu Bingyan , Elbasi Hasibe Tunçay , Balboni Martina , Chu Lei , Stang Dagmar , Heese Maren , Schnittger Arp 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Chromosome axis-associated HORMA domain proteins (HORMADs), e.g. ASY1 in Arabidopsis, are crucial for meiotic recombination. ASY1, as other HORMADs, is assembled on the axis at early meiosis and depleted when homologous chromosomes synapse. Puzzlingly, both processes are catalyzed by AAA+ ATPase PCH2 together with its cofactor COMET. Here, we show that the ASY1 remodeling complex is temporally and spatially differently assembled. While PCH2 and COMET appear to directly interact in the cytoplasm in early meiosis, PCH2 is recruited by the transverse filament protein ZYP1 and brought to the ASY1-bound COMET assuring the timely removal of ASY1 during chromosome synapsis. Since we found that the PCH2 homolog TRIP13 also binds to the ZYP1 homolog SYCP1 in mouse, we postulate that this mechanism is conserved among eukaryotes. Deleting the PCH2 binding site of ZYP1 led to a failure of ASY1 removal. Interestingly, the placement of one obligatory crossover per homologous chromosome pair, compromised by ZYP1 depletion, is largely restored in this separation-of-function zyp1 allele suggesting that crossover assurance is promoted by synapsis. In contrast, this zyp1 allele, similar to the zyp1 null mutant, showed elevated type I crossover numbers indicating that PCH2-mediated eviction of ASY1 from the axis restricts crossover formation.
Reasons for E-cigarette Use, Vaping Patterns, and Cessation Behaviors Among US Adolescents
Authors: Lindpere Vanda , Winickoff Jonathan P , Khan Ali S , Dong Jianhu , Michaud Tzeyu L , Liu Jessica , Dai Hongying Daisy 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIntroductionThis study sought to examine reasons for youth e-cigarette use in association with vaping patterns and cessation behaviors.Aims and MethodsA national representative sample of current (past 30-day) e-cigarette users in grades 6–12 was analyzed using the National Youth Tobacco Survey (NYTS), conducted from January to March 2020. An exploratory oblique factor analysis using a rotated pattern matrix to select salient variable-factor relationships yielded four subscales related to reasons for youth e-cigarette use. Multivariate logistic regressions were performed to assess the associations of each subscale with vaping patterns (frequent e-cigarette use, dual use of e-cigarettes and other tobacco products) and vaping cessation behaviors (intention to quit vaping and past-year quit attempts).ResultsThe 2020 NYTS sampled 180 schools with 1769 current e-cigarette users. Four main reasons for vaping were identified through factor analysis, including (1) replacing cigarettes, (2) product characteristics [eg, flavors, concealability, and vape tricks], (3) family/friend use, and (4) curiosity. Curiosity was associated with lower odds of frequent e-cigarette use (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 0.5, p &lt; .0001) and dual use of e-cigarettes and other tobacco products (AOR = 0.6, p = .01) but higher odds of intention to quit (AOR = 1.2, p = .26) and past year quit attempts (AOR =1.5, p = .01). Vaping due to product characteristics was associated with higher odds of frequent e-cigarette use (AOR = 1.7, p &lt; .0001) and lower odds of intention to quit (AOR = 0.3, p &lt; .0001) and past year quit attempts (AOR = 0.9, p = .01).ConclusionsAdolescents vape for various reasons that follow distinct patterns and user characteristics. Overall, interventions tailored to address heterogeneous reasons for vaping may help optimize the reduction in youth e-cigarette use.ImplicationsE-cigarettes have surpassed cigarettes and become the most commonly used tobacco product by US youths. Adolescents choose to vape for different reasons. This study examined reasons for youth e-cigarette use and their associations with vaping patterns and cessation behaviors. The product characteristics factor (eg, flavors, concealability, and vape tricks) was associated with more frequent e-cigarette use and lower odds of cessation behaviors, suggesting a need for flavor bans and product design regulation.
A Randomized Controlled Trial of a Biodegradable Polymer, Microcrystalline Sirolimus-Eluting Stent (MiStent) versus Another Biodegradable Polymer Sirolimus-Eluting Stent (TIVOLI): The DESSOLVE-C Trial
Authors: Wang Bin , Ma Sicong , Wang Zhiyong , Zhang Li , Pei Hanjun , Zheng Yang , Yang Yuejin , Zhang Zheng , Hu Xinqun , Ren Ziwen , Zhang Feng , Wang Changqian , Yang Renqiang , Yang Zhiming , Wang Yuexi , Fu Guosheng , Cao Yu , Yuan Zuyi , Xu Kai , Zhao Xin , Xu Bo , Qiu Miaohan , Jing Quanmin 
Published: December 2022

Objective:
Data comparing the outcomes of MiStent (Micell Technologies, Durham, North Carolina, USA) microcrystalline biodegradable polymer (BP) drug-eluting stent (DES) and those of another post-marketing BP-DES, TIVOLI (EssenTech, Beijing, China) are rare. This study sought to compare the angiographic efficacy and clinical outcomes of the microcrystalline BP sirolimus-eluting stent (SES) system MiStent and those of TIVOLI BP-SES.

Methods:
The DESSOLVE-C trial was a prospective, single-blinded, multicenter, randomized trial (NCT02448524), which randomly assigned patients with de novo coronary lesions to receive MiStent or TIVOLI BP-SES by a 1:1 ratio. The primary endpoint was a non-inferiority comparison of in-stent late lumen loss (LLL) by quantitative coronary angiography at 9 months. The secondary endpoint was device-related clinical cardiovascular composite events (target lesion failure (TLF), composite of cardiac death, target vessel myocardial infarction (MI), and clinically driven target lesion revascularization) and 1-year outcomes.

Results:
A total of 428 patients (216 patients in the MiStent group and 212 patients in the TIVOLI group) were enrolled and included in an intention-to-treat analysis. MiStent was not only non-inferior but superior to TIVOLI for in-stent LLL at 9 months ((0.23 ± 0.37) mm vs. (0.34 ± 0.48) mm, P for non-inferiority <0.001, P for superiority = 0.02). Although without significant difference, the rate of TLF in MiStent was quantitatively lower than that in TIVOLI (3.70% vs. 6.60%; P = 0.17).

Conclusion:
Compared with TIVOLI BP-SES, the MiStent system was superior in in-stent LLL at 9 months and had a comparable clinical benefit at 1 year in de novo coronary lesions.
HIV cure: an acceptability scientific agenda
Authors: Bonney Evelyn Y. , Lamptey Helena , Kyei George B. 
Published: December 2022

Purpose of review
Recent years have seen major investments into HIV cure research, seeking a permanent cure or remission. The purpose of this review is to consider how this important research agenda could be broadened to include issues of acceptability and appropriateness for different populations.

Recent findings
We discuss how the definitions of cure such as functional cure (remission) or complete cure (viral elimination) could be interpreted differently by various populations. We also discuss the different methods of cure and the importance of including Africa in cure research to ensure that emerging remedies could be trialled and utilized on the continent that bears the brunt of the AIDS pandemic.

Summary
We propose that the social science research of HIV cure acceptability should be done concurrently with the basic and clinical sciences, to ensure that cure methods consider stakeholder preferences.
Neurofilament light chain as a biomarker of axonal damage in sensory neurons and paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy in patients with ovarian cancer
Authors: Mortensen Christina , Steffensen Karina Dahl , Simonsen Emma , Herskind Kamille , Madsen Jonna Skov , Olsen Dorte Aalund , Iversen Ditte Bork , Bergmann Troels Korshøj , Pottegård Anton , Stage Tore Bjerregaard 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy (PIPN) is a barrier to effective cancer treatment and impacts quality of life among patients with cancer. We used a translational approach to assess the utility of neurofilament light chain (NFL) as a biomarker of PIPN in a human cell model and in patients with ovarian cancer. We measured NFL in medium from human induced pluripotent stem cell–derived sensory neurons (iPSC-SNs) exposed to paclitaxel. Serum NFL (sNFL) levels were quantified in 190 patients with ovarian cancer receiving paclitaxel/carboplatin chemotherapy at baseline and after each of the following 2 or 6 cycles. Adverse outcomes related to PIPN were retrospectively obtained, and Cox regression model was performed with different sNFL cut-offs after first cycle. The apparent elimination half-life of sNFL was estimated in patients who discontinued paclitaxel. Paclitaxel neurotoxicity in iPSC-SNs was accompanied by NFL release in a concentration-dependent manner (P < 0.001, analysis of variance). Serum NFL levels increased substantially in patients during paclitaxel/carboplatin chemotherapy with considerable interindividual variability. Patients with sNFL >150 pg/mL after first cycle had increased risk to discontinue paclitaxel early (unadjusted HR: 2.47 [95% CI 1.16-5.22], adjusted HR: 2.25 [95% CI: 0.88-5.79]). Similar trends were shown for risk of severe PIPN and paclitaxel dose reduction because of PIPN. The median elimination half-life of sNFL was 43 days (IQR 27-82 days). Neurofilament light chain constitutes an objective biomarker of neurotoxicity in iPSC-SNs and in ovarian cancer patients with high sNFL predicting PIPN-related adverse outcomes. If prospectively validated, NFL can be used to study PIPN and may guide clinical decision making and personalize treatment with paclitaxel.
Selective androgen receptor modulator microparticle formulation reverses muscle hyperalgesia in a mouse model of widespread muscle pain
Authors: Lesnak Joseph B. , Nakhla David S. , Plumb Ashley N. , McMillan Alexandra , Saha Sanjib , Gupta Nikesh , Xu Yan , Phruttiwanichakun Pornpoj , Rasmussen Lynn , Meyerholz David K. , Salem Aliasger K. , Sluka Kathleen A. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Chronic pain is a significant health problem associated with disability and reduced quality of life. Current management of chronic pain is inadequate with only modest effects of pharmacological interventions. Thus, there is a need for the generation of analgesics for treating chronic pain. Although preclinical and clinical studies demonstrate the analgesic effects of testosterone, clinical use of testosterone is limited by adverse androgenic effects. Selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs) activate androgen receptors and overcome treatment limitations by minimizing androgenic side effects. Thus, we tested whether daily soluble SARMs or a SARM-loaded microparticle formulation alleviated muscle hyperalgesia in a mouse-model of widespread pain (male and female C57BL/6J mice). We tested whether the analgesic effects of the SARM-loaded microparticle formulation was mediated through androgen receptors by blocking androgen receptors with flutamide pellets. In vitro and in vivo release kinetics were determined for SARM-loaded microparticles. Safety and toxicity of SARM treatment was determined using serum cardiac and liver toxicity panels, heart histology, and conditioned place preference testing. Subcutaneous daily SARM administration, and 2 injections, 1 week apart, of SARM-loaded microparticles alleviated muscle hyperalgesia in both sexes and was prevented with flutamide treatment. Sustained release of SARM, from the microparticle formulation, was observed both in vitro and in vivo for 4 weeks. Selective androgen receptor modulator treatment produced no cardiac or liver toxicity and did not produce rewarding behaviors. These studies demonstrate that SARM-loaded microparticles, which release drug for a sustained period, alleviate muscle pain, are safe, and may serve as a potential therapeutic for chronic muscle pain.
Socioeconomic Disparities Associated With Health Care Utilization Among Adults With Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Hathaway Elizabeth C. , Lee Jungeun , Wojeck Robyn K. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic and debilitating disease associated with negative health outcomes and high health care utilization. Little is known about the role of demographic and socioeconomic factors associated with health care utilization in RA.

Objectives
The purpose of this study was to explore the relationships between demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, insurance status, general health perception, and health care utilization among adults with RA.

Methods
In this cross-sectional analysis of data from 537 participants with a self-reported diagnosis of RA from the 2017–2020 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to explore the relationships between demographic and socioeconomic factors, insurance status, general health perception, and health care utilization (i.e., whether an individual saw a provider, had a routine place to go for health care, and stayed overnight in the hospital).

Results
The mean age of participants was 57 years old; 50% were females, 57.9% were non-Hispanic White, 17.9% were Black, and 15.2% were Mexican or other Hispanic. Individuals without health insurance were less likely than insured individuals with RA to have seen a provider, have a routine place to go for health care, and have stayed overnight in the hospital. Adults with RA who rated their health as very good or excellent were more likely to have a routine place for health care and less likely to stay overnight in the hospital than those who rated their health as fair or poor.

Discussion
Lack of health insurance significantly correlates with decreased health care utilization in adults with RA in the United States. Our findings underscore the need for more frequent assessment of insurance status in adults with RA to identify individuals at increased risk for reduced health care utilization and who are more likely to experience poorly perceived general health.