bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Slow slip events following the afterslip of the 2002 Mw 7.1 Hualien offshore earthquake, Taiwan
Authors: Chen Sean Kuanhsiang , Wu Yih-Min , Chan Yu-Chang 
Published: April 2022

AbstractGeodetic evidence for slow slip recurrence changed by stress perturbations was rare, especially from afterslip following a nearby large earthquake. The first observed slow slip events in the southernmost Ryukyu subduction had occurred in 2005, 2009, and 2015 following the nearby 2002 March 31 Mw 7.1 Hualien offshore earthquake. To investigate whether the Mw 7.1 earthquake had influenced the occurrence times of the slow slip, we calculated the coseismic slip distribution and afterslip distribution using the surface displacements from onshore Global Navigation Satellite System observations. The stress perturbation on the slow-slip regions caused by the coseismic slip was quantified using the Coulomb failure criteria. We also examined the aftershock distribution and the evolution with time to clarify the stress perturbations from the afterslip offshore. Our results show that the primary afterslip distribution may have overlapped the 2009 and 2015 slow-slip patch at the downdip of the earthquake. The coseismic stress perturbation may have influenced the SSEs area directly by a Coulomb stress increase of probably 0.10 MPa. However, the 2005 SSE patch in the updip depths had only a little coseismic slip and afterslip with the Coulomb stress increase of approximately 0.06 MPa. We find that most of the aftershocks had occurred in the 2009 and 2015 slow-slip region that evolved into a typical aftershock sequence at least 2.5 years after the earthquake. The surface geodetic displacements reveal that the afterslip may have lasted longer than 4.5 years after the earthquake. The evidence for the afterslip proves that the 2009 and 2015 slow-slip patch was influenced by the afterslip directly for years. We suggest that the ongoing afterslip may have modulated the coseismic stress perturbation. It may explain the delay of the 2009 slow slip occurrence compared with the recurrence interval between the 2009 and 2015 slow slip events.
Graphical Abstract
Management of granulomatous lobular mastitis: an international multidisciplinary consensus (2021 edition)
Authors: Yuan Qian-Qian , Xiao Shu-Yuan , Farouk Omar , Du Yu-Tang , Sheybani Fereshte , Tan Qing Ting , Akbulut Sami , Cetin Kenan , Alikhassi Afsaneh , Yaghan Rami Jalal , Durur-Subasi Irmak , Altintoprak Fatih , Eom Tae Ik , Alper Fatih , Hasbahceci Mustafa , Martínez-Ramos David , Oztekin Pelin Seher , Kwong Ava , Pluguez-Turull Cedric W. , Brownson Kirstyn E. , Chandanwale Shirish , Habibi Mehran , Lan Liu-Yi , Zhou Rui , Zeng Xian-Tao , Bai Jiao , Bai Jun-Wen , Chen Qiong-Rong , Chen Xing , Zha Xiao-Ming , Dai Wen-Jie , Dai Zhi-Jun , Feng Qin-Yu , Gao Qing-Jun , Gao Run-Fang , Han Bao-San , Hou Jin-Xuan , Hou Wei , Liao Hai-Ying , Luo Hong , Liu Zheng-Ren , Lu Jing-Hua , Luo Bin , Ma Xiao-Peng , Qian Jun , Qin Jian-Yong , Wei Wei , Wei Gang , Xu Li-Ying , Xue Hui-Chao , Yang Hua-Wei , Yang Wei-Ge , Zhang Chao-Jie , Zhang Fan , Zhang Guan-Xin , Zhang Shao-Kun , Zhang Shu-Qun , Zhang Ye-Qiang , Zhang Yue-Peng , Zhang Sheng-Chu , Zhao Dai-Wei , Zheng Xiang-Min , Zheng Le-Wei , Xu Gao-Ran , Zhou Wen-Bo , Wu Gao-Song 
Published: April 2022

AbstractGranulomatous lobular mastitis (GLM) is a rare and chronic benign inflammatory disease of the breast. Difficulties exist in the management of GLM for many front-line surgeons and medical specialists who care for patients with inflammatory disorders of the breast. This consensus is summarized to establish evidence-based recommendations for the management of GLM. Literature was reviewed using PubMed from January 1, 1971 to July 31, 2020. Sixty-six international experienced multidisciplinary experts from 11 countries or regions were invited to review the evidence. Levels of evidence were determined using the American College of Physicians grading system, and recommendations were discussed until consensus. Experts discussed and concluded 30 recommendations on historical definitions, etiology and predisposing factors, diagnosis criteria, treatment, clinical stages, relapse and recurrence of GLM. GLM was recommended as a widely accepted definition. In addition, this consensus introduced a new clinical stages and management algorithm for GLM to provide individual treatment strategies. In conclusion, diagnosis of GLM depends on a combination of history, clinical manifestations, imaging examinations, laboratory examinations and pathology. The approach to treatment of GLM should be applied according to the different clinical stage of GLM. This evidence-based consensus would be valuable to assist front-line surgeons and medical specialists in the optimal management of GLM.
Suboptimal Thyroid Hormone Replacement Is Associated With Worse Hospital Outcomes
Authors: Ettleson Matthew D , Bianco Antonio C , Wan Wen , Laiteerapong Neda 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Context
Many patients with hypothyroidism receive suboptimal treatment that may affect hospital outcomes.

Objective
This work aimed to identify differences in hospital outcomes between patients with and without hypothyroidism.

Methods
A retrospective cohort study, using the propensity score-based fine stratification method to balance covariates, was conducted using a large, US-based, commercial claims database from January 1, 2008 to December 31, 2015. Participants included patients aged 64 years and younger who had a thyrotropin (TSH) level collected before a hospital admission. Covariates included age, sex, US region, type of admission, year of admission, and comorbidities. Exposure included clinical hypothyroidism, which was divided into 4 subgroups based on prehospitalization TSH level: low (TSH &lt; 0.40 mIU/L), normal (TSH 0.40-4.50 mIU/L), intermediate (TSH 4.51-10.00 mIU/L), and high (TSH &gt; 10.00 mIU/L).

Main outcome measures included
length of stay (LOS), in-hospital mortality, and readmission outcomes.

Results
A total of 43 478 patients were included in the final study population, of whom 8873 had a diagnosis of hypothyroidism. Those with a high prehospitalization TSH level had an LOS that was 1.2 days longer (95% CI, 1.1-1.3; P = .003), a 49% higher risk of 30-day readmission (relative risk [RR] 1.49; 95% CI, 1.20-1.85; P &lt; .001), and a 43% higher rate of 90-day readmission (RR 1.43; 95% CI, 1.21-1.67; P &lt; .001) compared to balanced controls. Patients with normal TSH levels exhibited decreased risk of in-hospital mortality (RR 0.46; 95% CI, 0.27-0.79; P = .004) and 90-day readmission (RR 0.92; 95% CI, 0.85-0.99; P = .02).

Conclusion
The results suggest suboptimal treatment of hypothyroidism is associated with worse hospital outcomes, including longer LOS and higher rate of readmission.
Exploiting Mouse Models to Recapitulate Clinical Tumor Dormancy and Recurrence in Breast Cancer
Authors: Gu Yu , Bui Tung , Muller William J 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Breast cancer recurrence and metastasis from activated dormant tumors remain the leading causes in disease morbidity. Women with estrogen receptor–positive breast cancer that accounts for nearly 80% of all cases face a lifelong risk of relapse after initial treatment. The biology of dormant tumors and dormant cancer cells that give rise to recurrent disease and metastasis remain to be understood for us to overcome the clinical challenges that they bring. The selection and optimization of preclinical models to recapitulate dormancy and recurrence in patients is critical for studying the underlying cellular and environmental factors. Here, we provide a brief review of studies that utilize mouse models to dissect the mechanisms of dormancy and therapeutic strategies to avert recurrence. This review specifically accentuates the versatility and benefits of immunocompetent transgenic mouse models that can be manipulated to recapitulate primary dormancy, metastatic dormancy, and post-therapy dormancy.
Effect of Metformin Therapy on Biological Properties and Prognosis of Breast Cancer Patients Complicated with Type-2 Diabetes
Authors: Yan Xiaolu , Gao Zhe , Li Yang , Li Qingxia , Deng Xinna 
Published: April 2022

Objectives: To evaluate the effect of Metformin therapy on patients of breast cancer with complications of Type-2 diabetes.
Methods: Altogether 102 cases of breast cancer complicated with Type-2 diabetes admitted into Hebei General Hospital from January 2019 to December 2020 were included in the study. They were divided into two groups per whether Metformin was administered in the regimen, namely Metformin group and non-Metformin group. In the meanwhile, 106 cases of breast cancer without Type-2 diabetes admitted in the same period were selected to form a control group. Three groups were compared in terms of general data (incl. age, body mass, family history, menopause or not), clinical staging, tumor histological differentiation, molecular subtyping (Incl. Luminal A, Luminal B, ERBB2+, Basal-like) and prognosis.
Results: Compared with the control group, Metformin group and non-Metformin group presented more patients with an older age and post-menopause state (P<0.05), but the latter two groups were not significantly different (P > 0.05). Patients in Metformin group and non-Metformin group had higher clinical staging and histological differentiation and more cases of Basal-like subtype than those in the control group (P < 0.05), without significant difference between those two groups (P > 0.05). More cases of local relapse, lymphatic and distant metastasis were seen in Metformin and non-Metformin groups, but the differences were not significant (P > 0.05). Both groups had lower 5-year survival rates than the control group (P < 0.05). Metformin group had a higher overall survival rate as well as a survival rate free of other lethal reasons than the non-Metformin group (P < 0.05) but was not significantly different from the control group in the survival rate free of other lethal reasons (P > 0.05).
Conclusions: Type-2 diabetes remains one of the risk factors affecting breast cancer development, progress and prognosis, which could lower the 5-year overall survival rate among breast cancer patients. This is especially evident among menopaused women. Metformin therapy may improve the prognosis of patients of breast cancer complicated with Type-2 diabetes.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.5.5135
How to cite this:Yan X, Gao Z, Li Y, Li Q, Deng X. Effect of Metformin Therapy on Biological Properties and Prognosis of Breast Cancer Patients Complicated with Type-2 Diabetes. Pak J Med Sci. 2022;38(5):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.5.5135
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Effect of androgen deprivation therapy on bone mineral density in patients with prostate cancer
Authors: Ilyas Kashaf , Hafeez Zainab , Latif Rukhsana 
Published: April 2022

Objectives: To access the effects of acute and chronic Androgen Deprivation Therapy on Bone Marrow Density and related bone markers; to compare the bone loss among the patients who terminated GnRH use and control group (not given ADP therapy at all) with the ones with acute or chronic Androgen Deprivation Therapy.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Oncology Department of Nishtar Medical University & Hospital Multan for one year. Bone mineral density of the entire body, 1/3rd distal radius, ultra-distal forearm, femoral neck, and lumbar spine, was measured in 40 patients diagnosed with non-metastatic prostate cancer at baseline for the duration of six months. They were categorized into four groups: (i) acute ADT (less than six months of treatment; (ii) chronic ADT (greater than six months of treatment; (iii) former ADT; and (iv) no ADT (placebo groups). Quantitative measures of bone metabolism marker, including C-terminal cross-linking telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX) and procollagen type I N-terminal propeptide (PINP) was done.
Results: The cross-sectional analysis showed that BMD dropped significantly in more in patients with former ADT or control groups as compared to chronic ADT. At the 6th month assessment, a significant decline in ultra-distal forearm BMD was demonstrated in patients from both acute and chronic ADT groups (4.05% and 2.54%, P = .001 and .016, respectively). Total body BMD was significantly reduced among those on acute treatment (2.91%, p=0.022). In the former ADT group, a significant increase of BMD was observed in the femoral neck and lumbar spine bones (1.60 % and 2.85%, P = .001 and .0064, respectively). The difference of changes in BMD of the acute and chronic groups was not significant. The levels of PINP and CTX levels were significantly increased in an chronic and acute group than in placebo or former ADT groups.
Conclusion: Chronic and acute ADT users experience similar changes in BMD levels but reversibility of BMD can be achieved on withdrawal of treatment. Similarly disturbed bone metabolism markers come back in range on withdrawal of treatment.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.5.5446
How to cite this:Ilyas K, Hafeez Z, Latif R. Effect of androgen deprivation therapy on bone mineral density in patients with prostate cancer. Pak J Med Sci. 2022;38(5):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.5.5446
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Effect of Montelukast sodium combined with Budesonide aerosol on airway function and T lymphocytes in asthmatic children
Authors: Jin Wei , Zhao Zichong , Zhou Dongping 
Published: April 2022

Objectives: To investigate the effects of Montelukast sodium combined with Budesonide aerosol on airway function and T lymphocytes in asthmatic children.
Methods: The records of 86 pediatric asthma patients, treated in Huzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital from February 2020 to March 2021, were studied retrospectively. Of them, 40 children received routine treatment + budesonide atomizer (Group-I), and 46 patients received routine treatment + budesonide atomizer + montelukast sodium (Group-II). The improvement in airway and lung function, and T-lymphocyte count in both groups after 3 months of corresponding treatment were analyzed.
Results: After three months of treatment, expiratory flow rate (TEF) with the tidal volume of 25%, 50% and 75%, was significantly higher in Group-II than Group-I (P<0.05). CD8+ expression in Group-II was lower, and CD3+, CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ were higher than those in Group-I (P<0.05). There was a significant difference in the levels of inflammatory factors between the two groups. The levels of IL-4, IL-5 and IFN-γ in Group-II were lower than those in Group-I (P<0.05).
Conclusions: In the clinical treatment of asthmatic children, in combination with routine treatment, budesonide atomizer and montelukast sodium can effectively promote the improvement of airway function, regulate T lymphocytes levels, reduce inflammatory reaction and improve the total clinical curative effect.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.5.5749
How to cite this:Jin W, Zhao Z, Zhou D. Effect of Montelukast sodium combined with Budesonide aerosol on airway function and T lymphocytes in asthmatic children. Pak J Med Sci. 2022;38(5):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.38.5.5749
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
“Feedback is like a tail wind”: pre-service teachers’ and teacher educators’ perceptions of feedback
Authors: Hunt Pihel , Karm Mari 
Published: April 2022

Uued suundumused tagasisideteemalises teaduskirjanduses rõhutavad tagasiside õppimiskesksust, mille fookuses on tagasiside rakendamine õppimise toetamiseks. Samas näitavad erinevad uurimused, et tagasiside arusaamades leiab endiselt kajastamist n-ö vana paradigma, kus põhifookus on tagasiside rakendamise asemel tagasisidel kui teabel. Uurimuse eesmärk on mõista õpetajakoolituse üliõpilaste ning õppejõudude arusaamasid tagasisidest. Andmeid koguti avatud küsimustega 130 õpetajakoolituse üliõpilaselt ja 34 õpetajakoolituse õppejõult. Kvalitatiivse temaatilise analüüsi tulemused viitavad, et kuigi nii üliõpilaste kui ka õppejõudude arusaamades mõtestatakse tagasisidet kui teavet, ilmnevad mõningad õppimist toetavale tagasisidele iseloomulikud jooned, näiteks vastastiktagasiside, ootus tagasiside rakendamisele, tagasiside dialoogilisus.
Summary
Akadeemilised puusepad tervitasid algavat ehitushooaega Loodi puutöömõisas ja Eesti Vabaõhumuuseumis Põhjala palgipäevaga / Academic carpenters ring in the start of the construction season at Loodi Woodworking Manor and Nordic Log Day
Authors: Parts Priit-Kalev 
Published: April 2022

The Viljandi Culture Academy of the University of Tartu organized the international Nordic log construction days on 9 & 10 April 2014, the goal of which was to take a look at the multi-layered nature of log culture in Northern Europe and to discuss the current state and future outlook of log construction skills, a common part of the region’s heritage. Practical workshops, advice sessions and discussion seminars with Estonian, Latvian, Finnish and Swedish experts were included in the programme.
The results of cooperation in the international PROLOG project were summarized. The project was seeking to remove development constraints of hand-crafted log construction industry by creating a comprehensive survey and integral vision for future development of log building education in the Nordic-Baltic region. As the project summary, it is planned to take steps to have Nordic log construction heritage added to the UNESCO list of intangible heritage.
Keywords: hand-crafted log building education, intangible heritage
Vändra kihelkonna naiste traditsioonilised rahvarõivad: komplektide koostamine ja valmistamine tänapäeval. TÜ Viljandi Kultuuriakadeemia pärandtehnoloogia magistritöö 2014 / The traditional folk costumes of the women of Vändra parish
Authors: Raud Inna 
Published: April 2022

The Master’s thesis entitled “Traditional folk costumes of the women of Vändra parish: assembling and preparing ensembles in the present day" aimed to introduce the variational nature of folk costumes in one region to rid ourselves of a rigid pattern of treatment of folk costume.
As part of the research, the individual components of women’s folk costumes in Vändra parish were described, technological and pattern-related developments were pinpointed in time and material and colour use and changes in ways in which the costume was worn were observed. In addition to the description, the author put together folk costume ensembles of her own, based on the status of the wearer and the situation in which the clothing was to be worn (everyday, festive, summer and winter) as well as possibilities for putting together folk costume ensemble variants at the municipal level today.
The drawings made in the course of the description form part of the practical part of the thesis and a precondition for making the components part of the Vändra woman’s folk costume ensemble. The making of folk costumes as a whole is a broad field, encompassing familiarity with the materials and ten different techniques. As part of the thesis, the author produced 59 items belonging to a folk costume ensemble, which are combined in period-appropriate fashion in nine different Vändra female folk costume ensembles.
The author hopes that the work will help readers understand the changes that have taken place over time in folk costumes and the importance of the integrity of the entire costume, and to avoid conflicts in future selections. The experience in putting these costumes together can serve all Estonian rural areas both in choosing between the many available items and in seeking solutions in the absence of items.
Keywords: folk costumes, regional variations
Eessõna / Foreword
Authors: Parts Priit-Kalev 
Published: April 2022

Dear reader.In your hand, you hold the second issue of the Estonian Native Crafts Department of the University of Tartu Viljandi Culture Academy annual periodical Studia Vernacula with the title “Manifest”. The aim of the publication is still to make a contribution to Estonian studies by investigating native manual heritage and creating an academic meeting place for craft culture. As previously, the journal will make its way to its readers in October around the time when working away from home comes to an end and granaries are being inventoried. The time of reflection.
On behalf of Studia Vernacula I'd like to thank all of the authors and the readers with constructive criticism who have helped to sculpt the journal to become more streamlined. I'd like to bring out the students of the Native Crafts Department whose work has made us believe in the future of crafts. A big Thank You to the entire team of Studia Vernacula and especially to Helen Kästik, Kanni Labi, Madis Rennu, Lembe Lahtmaa and Kristjan Mändmaa for being interested in the contents and the quality and comprehensibility of the journal and for the many hours spent with manuscripts and their authors. Their professional attitude has been an irreplaceable form of support for my work as editor-in-chief.
We are grateful to the University of Tartu for supporting the publishing of the journal from the budget for ethnic studies, to the Cultural Endowment of Estonia for covering the editing, translating, and printing expenses, and to Männiku Metsatalu for their moral and physical support.Aimla, Viljandi County, September 2015
Võromaa suitsusaunakombestik kanti UNESCO vaimse pärandi esindusnimekirja / The Võro smoke sauna tradition has been added to the UNESCO Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity
Authors: Reimets Gert 
Published: April 2022

The Old-Võro smoke sauna tradition was added to the UNESCO Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity in 2014. The idea began with an e-mail in 2008 and, thanks to active citizens, it became worldrenowned six years later.
For our ancestors, the smoke sauna was much more than just a space to wash themselves: it has been the place for birth and death, a place for preventing illnesses and for curing them. Even though many of the fast-paced city dwellers have changed their habits, there are a lot of families that value the continuance of old customs and tradition. Meat smoked in a smoke sauna, Saturday evenings with the family and the celebration of events in the Estonian Folk Calendar are just a few examples of the rich Estonian traditions.
Keywords: UNESCO, intangible cultural heritage, smoke sauna
Maaehituspärandi omanike toetamiseks loodud ehitusnõustajate võrgustik / Network of construction advisors to support the owners of rural architectural heritage
Authors: Lutsepp Elo , Kallastu Karl 
Published: April 2022

In the last 10-15 years, people's interest in preserving the historical appearance of their rural buildings has increased, and this has increased the need for a consultation service that would be continuously and easily available. In the winter of 2015, the national network of advisors, consisting of experts and specialists from more than 10 organisations was initiated by the Estonian Open Air Museum's Centre of Rural Architecture. The aim of the network is to offer the owners of barn dwellings a free initial consulting service when they choose to renovate their building(s). A first sample consultation took place between the members of the network in March. On one hand, the aim of this consultation was to exchange ideas on the topic of renovating old buildings and to standardise the formats used. If it is possible, the consultation network will gather for a similar conference again in the autumn.
Keywords: rural architecture, advising building owners