bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of an expert assessment and individualised treatment compared with a minimal home-based exercise program in women with late-term shoulder impairments after primary breast cancer surgery: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Feder Kim Michéle , Rahr Hans Bjarke , Lautrup Marianne Djernes , Egebæk Heidi Klakk , Christensen Robin , Ingwersen Kim Gordon 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundIn breast cancer patients, late-term upper limb sequelae, such as shoulder pain and impaired shoulder function, remain common after primary breast cancer surgery. The aim of this trial is to evaluate whether an expert assessment of shoulder impairments, followed by an individualised treatment plan, is superior to a minimal physiotherapeutic rehabilitation program in reducing shoulder symptoms, among women with late-term shoulder impairments after primary breast cancer.Methods/designThe study is designed as a stratified, parallel-group, assessor-blinded, randomised, controlled trial conducted in Denmark; 130 participants with late-term shoulder impairments 3–7 years after primary surgery for breast cancer will be recruited. Participants will be randomised (allocation 1:1) to either an expert assessment of shoulder impairments followed by an individualised treatment plan or to follow a minimal physiotherapeutic rehabilitation program delivered in a pamphlet. The primary outcome will be a change in shoulder pain and function from baseline to 12 weeks after initiating the treatment, as measured by the patient-reported outcome Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI) questionnaire.DiscussionThere has been an insufficient focus in research and clinical practice on late-term shoulder impairment in women following surgery for breast cancer. This trial will focus on interventions towards late-term shoulder impairments and is expected to provide evidence-based knowledge to physiotherapists and women about the management of shoulder pain and impaired shoulder function.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT05277909. Registered on 11 March 2022.
Comparison of SARS-CoV-2 spike RNA sequences in feces and nasopharynx indicates intestinal replication
Authors: Beck-Friis Thomas , Kärmander Ambjörn , Nyström Kristina , Wang Hao , Gisslén Magnus , Andersson Lars-Magnus , Norder Heléne 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Little is known of possible selection and replication of SARS-CoV-2 in the intestines and if viral load in feces is associated with severity of disease. Therefore, sequence variations of the spike region in strains collected from feces and nasopharynx (NPH) from the same patients were compared. It was also investigated whether viral load in feces related to severity of COVID-19 in hospitalized patients.

Results
SARS-CoV-2 RNA was found in 88 (79%) fecal samples from 112 patients. The complete spike region could be sequenced in 15 fecal and 14 NPH samples. Fourteen Alpha-variants and one Beta-variant of SARS-CoV-2 were identified. The majority of the viral genetic variants (viral populations) in two fecal samples, but none in NPH, had a reversion of the H69/V70 amino acid deletion normally seen in the Alpha variants. Nine fecal samples contained up to nine minority variants, each which may constitute a separate viral population. Five NPH samples had one genetic variant each, and one NPH sample contained nine minority populations of SARS-CoV-2 spike genes.

Conclusions
The higher genomic diversity of SARS-CoV-2 in feces compared to NPH, and the reversion of the H69/V70 deletion in Alpha variants from feces indicate a selection of viral strains and replication of SARS-CoV-2 in the gastrointestinal tract.
Force–velocity relationship in Paralympic powerlifting: two or multiple-point methods to determine a maximum repetition
Authors: Aidar Felipe J. , Brito Ciro José , de Matos Dihogo Gama , de Oliveira Levy Anthony S. , de Souza Rapahel Fabrício , de Almeida-Neto Paulo Francisco , de Araújo Tinoco Cabral Breno Guilherme , Neiva Henrique P. , Neto Frederico Ribeiro , Reis Victor Machado , Marinho Daniel A. , Marques Mário C. , Clemente Filipe Manuel , Nobari Hadi 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Due to the absence of evidence in the literature on Paralympic Powerlifting the present study investigated various methods to assess bench press maximum repetition and the way each method influences the measurement of minimum velocity limit (MVT), load at zero velocity (LD0), and force–velocity (FV).

Objective
To evaluate the precision of the multi-point method using proximal loads (40, 50, 60, 70, 80, and 90% of one repetition maximum; 1RM) compared to the four-point method (50, 60, 70, and 80% of 1RM) and the two-point method using distant loads (40 and 80% and 50 and 80% of 1RM) in in the MVT, LD0, and FV, in bench press performed by Paralympic Powerlifters (PP).

Methods
To accomplish this, 15 male elite PP athletes participated in the study (age: 27.7 ± 5.7 years; BM: 74.0 ± 19.5 kg). All participants performed an adapted bench press test (free weight) with 6 loads (40, 50, 60, 70, 80, and 90% 1RM), 4 loads (50, 60, 70, and 80% 1RM), and 2 loads (40–80% and 50–80% 1RM). The 1RM predictions were made by MVT, LD0, and FV.

Results
The main results indicated that the multiple (4 and 6) pointsmethod provides good results in the MVT (R2 = 0.482), the LD0 (R2 = 0.614), and the FV (R2 = 0.508). The two-point method (50–80%) showed a higher mean in MVT [1268.2 ± 502.0 N; ICC95% 0.76 (0.31–0.92)], in LD0 [1504.1 ± 597.3 N; 0.63 (0.17–0.86)], and in FV [1479.2 ± 636.0 N; 0.60 (0.10–0.86)].

Conclusion
The multiple-point method (4 and 6 points) and the two-point method (40–80%) using the MVT, LD0, and FV all showed a good ability to predict bench press 1RM in PP.
Genomic targets and selective inhibition of DNA methyltransferase isoforms
Authors: Sae-Lee Chanachai , Barrow Timothy M. , Colicino Elena , Choi Si Ho , Rabanal-Ruiz Yoana , Green Daniel , Korolchuk Viktor I. , Mathers John C. , Byun Hyang-Min 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
DNA methylation in the human genome is established and maintained by DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs). DNMT isoforms show differential expression by cell lineage and during development, but much remains to be elucidated about their shared and unique genomic targets.

Results
We examined changes in the epigenome following overexpression of 13 DNMT isoforms in HEK293T cells. We observed increased methylation (Δβ > 0.2) at 43,405 CpG sites, with expression of DNMT3A2, DNMTΔ3B4 and DNMTΔ3B2 associated with the greatest impact. De novo methylation occurred primarily within open sea regions and at loci with intermediate methylation levels (β: 0.2–0.6). 53% of differentially methylated loci showed specificity towards a single DNMT subfamily, primarily DNMTΔ3B and DNMT3A and 39% towards a single isoform. These loci were significantly enriched for pathways related to neuronal development (DNMTΔ3B4), calcium homeostasis (DNMTΔ3B3) and ion transport (DNMT3L). Repetitive elements did not display differential sensitivity to overexpressed DNMTs, but hypermethylation of Alu elements was associated with their evolutionary age following overexpression of DNMT3A2, DNMT3B1, DNMT3B2 and DNMT3L. Differential methylation (Δβ > 0.1) was observed at 121 of the 353 loci associated with the Horvath ‘epigenetic clock’ model of ageing, with 51 showing isoform specificity, and was associated with reduction of epigenetic age by 5–15 years following overexpression of seven isoforms. Finally, we demonstrate the potential for dietary constituents to modify epigenetic marks through isoform-specific inhibition of methylation activity.

Conclusions
Our results provide insight into regions of the genome methylated uniquely by specific DNMT isoforms and demonstrate the potential for dietary intervention to modify the epigenome.
An updated systematic review of radiomics in osteosarcoma: utilizing CLAIM to adapt the increasing trend of deep learning application in radiomics
Authors: Zhong Jingyu , Hu Yangfan , Zhang Guangcheng , Xing Yue , Ding Defang , Ge Xiang , Pan Zhen , Yang Qingcheng , Yin Qian , Zhang Huizhen , Zhang Huan , Yao Weiwu 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Objective
To update the systematic review of radiomics in osteosarcoma.

Methods
PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wanfang Data were searched to identify articles on osteosarcoma radiomics until May 15, 2022. The studies were assessed by Radiomics Quality Score (RQS), Transparent Reporting of a multivariable prediction model for Individual Prognosis Or Diagnosis (TRIPOD) statement, Checklist for Artificial Intelligence in Medical Imaging (CLAIM), and modified Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS-2) tool. The evidence supporting radiomics application for osteosarcoma was rated according to meta-analysis results.

Results
Twenty-nine articles were included. The average of the ideal percentage of RQS, the TRIPOD adherence rate and the CLAIM adherence rate were 29.2%, 59.2%, and 63.7%, respectively. RQS identified a radiomics-specific issue of phantom study. TRIPOD addressed deficiency in blindness of assessment. CLAIM and TRIPOD both pointed out shortness in missing data handling and sample size or power calculation. CLAIM identified extra disadvantages in data de-identification and failure analysis. External validation and open science were emphasized by all the above three tools. The risk of bias and applicability concerns were mainly related to the index test. The meta-analysis of radiomics predicting neoadjuvant chemotherapy response by MRI presented a diagnostic odds ratio (95% confidence interval) of 28.83 (10.27–80.95) on testing datasets and was rated as weak evidence.

Conclusions
The quality of osteosarcoma radiomics studies is insufficient. More investigation is needed before using radiomics to optimize osteosarcoma treatment. CLAIM is recommended to guide the design and reporting of radiomics research.
iPSCs derived from insulin resistant offspring of type 2 diabetic patients show increased oxidative stress and lactate secretion
Authors: Memon Bushra , Elsayed Ahmed K. , Bettahi Ilham , Suleiman Noor , Younis Ihab , Wehedy Eman , Abou-Samra Abdul Badi , Abdelalim Essam M. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
The genetic factors associated with insulin resistance (IR) are not well understood. Clinical studies on first-degree relatives of type 2 diabetic (T2D) patients, which have the highest genetic predisposition to T2D, have given insights into the role of IR in T2D pathogenesis. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are excellent tools for disease modeling as they can retain the genetic imprint of the disease. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to investigate the genetic perturbations associated with insulin resistance (IR) in the offspring of T2D parents using patient-specific iPSCs.

Methods
We generated iPSCs from IR individuals (IR-iPSCs) that were offspring of T2D parents as well as from insulin-sensitive (IS-iPSCs) individuals. We then performed transcriptomics to identify key dysregulated gene networks in the IR-iPSCs in comparison to IS-iPSCs and functionally validated them.

Results
Transcriptomics on IR-iPSCs revealed dysregulated gene networks and biological processes indicating that they carry the genetic defects associated with IR that may lead to T2D. The IR-iPSCs had increased lactate secretion and a higher phosphorylation of AKT upon stimulation with insulin. IR-iPSCs have increased cellular oxidative stress indicated by a high production of reactive oxygen species and higher susceptibility to H2O2 -induced apoptosis.

Conclusions
IR-iPSCs generated from offspring of diabetic patients confirm that oxidative stress and increased lactate secretion, associated with IR, are inherited in this population, and may place them at a high risk of T2D. Overall, our IR-iPSC model can be employed for T2D modeling and drug screening studies that target genetic perturbations associated with IR in individuals with a high risk for T2D.
New formula of the green synthesised Au@Ag core@shell nanoparticles using propolis extract presented high antibacterial and anticancer activity
Authors: Rezk Nouran , Abdelsattar Abdallah S. , Makky Salsabil , Hussein Assmaa H. , Kamel Azza G. , El-Shibiny Ayman 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAntimicrobial alternatives such as nanoparticles are critically required to tackle bacterial infections, especially with the emerging threat of antibiotic resistance. Therefore, this study aimed to biosynthesize Au–Ag nanoparticles using propolis as a natural reducing agent and investigate their antibacterial activity against antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus sciuri (S. sciuri), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa), and Salmonella enterica Typhimurium (S. enterica), besides demonstrating their anticancer activity in cancer cell lines. The biosynthesized Au@AgNPs were characterized using UV–Vis spectrophotometer, Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Zeta potential, Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), Fourier Transformation Infrared (FTIR), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Moreover, the detection of antibacterial activity was assessed through disc diffusion, the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC), time-killing curve, and detection of cell membrane integrity via SEM. As a result, the UV–Vis spectrum revealed the formation of Au@AgNPs in a single peak between 533 and 555 nm. Furthermore, FTIR analysis confirmed nanoparticles’ green synthesis due to the presence of carbon functional groups. The formulated Au@AgNPs showed antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The MIC and the MBC of P. aeruginosa and S. sciuri were 31.25 µg/mL. However, nanoparticles were more effective on S. enterica with MIC of 7.5 µg/mL and MBC of 15.6 µg/mL. Furthermore, the time-killing curve of the three model bacteria with the treatment was effective at 50 µg/mL. Besides, SEM of the tested bacteria indicated unintegrated bacterial cell membranes and damage caused by Au@AgNPs. Regarding the anticancer activity, the results indicated that the biosynthesized Au@AgNPs have a cytotoxic effect on HEPG2 cell lines. In conclusion, this research revealed that the green synthesized Au@AgNPs could be effective antibacterial agents against S. sciuri, P. aeruginosa, and S. enterica and anticancer agents against HEPG2.
Estimating the population-level prevalence of antimicrobial-resistant enteric bacteria from latrine samples
Authors: Omulo Sylvia , Mugoh Maina , Obiya Joshua , Alando Moshe , Call Douglas R. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Logistical and economic barriers hamper community-level surveillance for antimicrobial-resistant bacteria in low-income countries. Latrines are commonly used in these settings and offer a low-cost source of surveillance samples. It is unclear, however, whether antimicrobial resistance prevalence estimates from latrine samples reflect estimates generated from randomly sampled people.

Methods
We compared the prevalence of antimicrobial-resistant enteric bacteria from stool samples of people residing in randomly selected households within Kibera—an informal urban settlement in Kenya—to estimates from latrine samples within the same community. Fecal samples were collected between November 2015 and Jan 2016. Presumptive Escherichia coli isolates were collected from each household stool sample (n = 24) and each latrine sample (n = 48), resulting in 8935 and 8210 isolates, respectively. Isolates were tested for resistance to nine antibiotics using the replica-plating technique. Correlation- and Kolmogorov–Smirnov (K–S) tests were used to compare results.

Results
Overall, the prevalence values obtained from latrine samples closely reflected those from stool samples, particularly for low-prevalence (< 15%) resistance phenotypes. Similarly, the distribution of resistance phenotypes was similar between latrine and household samples (r > 0.6; K–S p-values > 0.05).

Conclusions
Although latrine samples did not perfectly estimate household antimicrobial resistance prevalence, they were highly correlated and thus could be employed as low-cost samples to monitor trends in antimicrobial resistance, detect the emergence of new resistance phenotypes and assess the impact of community interventions.
circTUBGCP5 promotes liver cancer progression and glycolysis by up-regulating the expression of ACSL4
Authors: Dai Wei , Duan Yanqun , Yuan Wenkang , Wang Siyu 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA large number of researches have shown that circular RNA (circRNA) is new hope for the diagnosis or treatment of tumors, including liver cancer (LCa). However, it remains largely unclear the role of circRNA in the progression of LCa and its molecular mechanism. GSE164803 microarray dataset was applied to identify dysregulated circRNAs in LCa and noncancerous tissues. CircTUBGCP5 (hsa_circ_0034049) was selected for further research. Biological functions of circTUBGCP5 were investigated by EdU, colony formation, flow cytometry, glucose consumption and lactate production assay, and in vivo tumorigenesis. RNA pull-down assay and dual-luciferase reporter assay were used to investigate the interaction between circTUBGCP5, miR-144-3p, and ACSL4. We demonstrated that circTUBGCP5 was significantly up-regulated in LCa tissues and cells. CircTUBGCP5 promoted LCa cell proliferation, anti-apoptotic ability, glycolysis, and tumorigenesis at least partially by sponging miR-144-3p to regulate ACSL4 protein level. In conclusion, circTUBGCP5 is a forceful contributor to malignant behaviors and glycolysis of LCa via modulating the circTUBGCP5/miR-144-3p/ACSL4 axis, which has provided a target for the diagnosis and treatment of LCa patients.
Bioeconomic production of high-quality chitobiose from chitin food wastes using an in-house chitinase from Vibrio campbellii
Authors: Thomas Reeba , Fukamizo Tamo , Suginta Wipa 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMarine Vibrio species are natural degraders of chitin and usually secrete high levels of chitinolytic enzymes to digest recalcitrant chitin to chitooligosaccharides. This study used an endochitinase (VhChiA) from Vibrio campbellii to produce high-quality chitobiose from crustacean chitins. The enzyme was shown to be fully active and stable over 24 h when BSA was used as an additive. When different chitin sources were tested, VhChiA preferentially digested shrimp and squid (α) chitins compared to crab (β) chitin and did not utilize non-chitin substrates. The overall yields of chitobiose obtained from small-scale production using a single-step reaction was 96% from shrimp, and 91% from squid pen and crab-shell chitins. Larger-scale production yielded 200 mg of chitobiose, with > 99% purity after a desalting and purification step using preparative HPLC. In conclusion, we report the employment of an in-house produced chitinase as an effective biocatalyst to rapidly convert chitin food wastes to chitobiose, in a quantity and quality suitable for use in research and commercial purposes. Chitobiose production by this economical and eco-friendly approach can be easily scaled up to obtain multi-gram quantities of chitobiose for chemo-enzymic synthesis of rare chitooligosaccharide derivatives and long chain chitooligosaccharides, as well as preparation of sugar-based functionalized nanomaterials.
Graphical Abstract
Ultrafine fully vulcanized natural rubber modified by graft-copolymerization with styrene and acrylonitrile monomers
Authors: Longsiri Krittaphorn , Mora Phattarin , Peeksuntiye Watcharapong , Jubsilp Chanchira , Hemvichian Kasinee , Karagiannidis Panagiotis , Rimdusit Sarawut 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis research aims to modify ultrafine fully vulcanized powdered natural rubber (UFPNR) prepared by emulsion graft-copolymerization with styrene (St) and acrylonitrile (AN) monomers onto deproteinized natural rubber (DPNR). The effects of monomers content and St/AN weight ratio on grafting efficiency and thermal stability of the developed DPNR-g-(PS-co-PAN) were investigated. The results showed that grafting efficiency was enhanced up to 86% with monomers content 15 phr and weight ratio St:AN 80:20. The obtained DPNR-g-(PS-co-PAN) was radiated by an electron beam at various doses, followed by a spray drying process to produce UFPNR. The obtained modified UFPNR particles irradiated at dose up to 300 kGy were relatively spherical with a particle size of approximately 4.4 µm. Furthermore, the degradation temperature of 5wt% loss (Td5) of UFPNR was found in the range of 349–356 °C. The results revealed that the modified UFPNR is suitable as a toughening filler for a broader spectrum of polymers.
Graphical Abstract
Undernutrition and its associated factors among school adolescent girls in Abuna Gindeberet district, Central Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Tafasa Segni Mulugeta , Tura Meseret Robi , Mulu Ermiyas , Begna Zenebu 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundAdolescent is the population whose age between 10–19 years old. They are undergoing rapid growth, development and are one of the nutritionally at-risk groups who should need attention. Adolescent undernutrition is a worldwide problem. Even if this stage brings the second window of opportunity to break the intergenerational cycle of undernutrition little is known specifically in the study area. This study was conducted to assess the prevalence of undernutrition and its associated factors among school adolescent girls in Abuna Gindeberet district, Central Ethiopia, 2021.MethodsInstitution-based cross-sectional quantitative study design was conducted in Abuna Gindeberet district among 10–19 years adolescent girls attending primary and secondary schools from January 1–30, 2021. A systematic random sampling technique was used to select 587 adolescent girls. Data were collected by using interviewer-administered structured and anthropometric measurements. Data were coded, then entered into the Epi-info version 7.2.2.6 and exported to SPSS version 25 and WHO Anthro plus for analysis. Logistic regression analysis was done to identify predictors of under nutrition. Level of statistical significance was declared atp-value < 0.05.ResultsThe overall magnitude of stunting and thinness were 15.4% [95% CI (12–18)] and 14.2% [95% CI (11–17)] respectively. Number of meals per day [AOR = 3.62, 95% C.I (2.16, 6.05)], adolescent girls of lower grades [AOR = 2.08, 95% C.I (1.07, 4.04)] and who did not begin menstruation [AOR = 1.71, 95% C.I (1.06, 2.73)] were significantly associated with stunting. Adolescent girls engaged in vigorous intensity activities [AOR = 2.51, 95% C.I (1.14, 5.54)], poor dietary diversity score [AOR = 4.05, 95% C.I (1.43, 11.46)] and adolescent age [AOR = 3.77, 95% C.I (1.06, 13.37)] were significantly associated with thinness among adolescent girls.ConclusionsAdolescent girl's undernutrition is a public health problem in the study area. The number of meals per day, adolescent girls of lower grades and who did not begin menstruation were significantly associated with stunting as well as adolescent girls engaged in vigorous-intensity activities; poor dietary diversity score and adolescent age were significantly associated with thinness among adolescent girls. Therefore, government and other stakeholders should focus on these identified factors to improve the nutritional status of adolescent girls.