bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Power spectrum of domain-wall network, and its implications for isotropic and anisotropic cosmic birefringence
Authors: Kitajima Naoya , Kozai Fumiaki , Takahashi Fuminobu , Yin Wen 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Recently, based on a novel analysis of the Planck satellite data, a hint of a uniform rotation of the polarization of cosmic microwave background photons, called isotropic cosmic birefringence, has been reported.
The suggested rotation angle of polarization of about 0.2–0.4 degrees is close to the fine-structure constant, α ≃ 1/137 rad ≃ 0.42 deg. Interestingly, this coincidence can be naturally explained over a very wide parameter range by the domain walls of axion-like particles. Furthermore, the axion-like particle domain walls predict not only isotropic cosmic birefringence but also anisotropic one that reflects the spatial distribution of the axion-like particle field on the last scattering surface.
In this paper, we perform lattice simulations of the formation and evolution of domain walls in the expanding universe and obtain for the first time the two-point correlation function and power spectrum of the scalar field that constitutes the domain walls.
We find that for initial fluctuations at subhorizon scales, the power spectrum is roughly consistent with analytical predictions based on random wall distributions. However, there is some excess at scales corresponding to the Hubble radius.
Applying our results to the anisotropic cosmic birefringence, we predict the power spectrum of the rotation angles induced by the axion-like particle domain walls for the similar initial condition, and show that it is within reach of future observations of the cosmic microwave background.
A Theoretical Study on the Form Factors of Pentaquark States
Authors: Pal Shukla , Ghosh Rismita , Chakrabarti Ballari , Bhattacharya Aparajita 
Published: October 2022

The form factors of the exotic pentaquarks such as

P
c
+

(
4450
)
,

P
c
+

(
4380
)
,

N
c
0

,

Θ
c
0

,

Ξ
c
0

etc. have been investigated for the momentum transfers, Q
2 in the range of 0.01 < Q
2 < 1.0 GeV2. The wave function from the statistical model has been used to compute the form factors. The form factors are found to decrease sharply with the increase of Q
2 in the range of 0.01 < Q
2 < 0.1 GeV2 which indicates the scaling violation with the gluon contribution to the form factor and the structure function whereas the form factors show gradual decrease with a small scaling violation in the range of 0.1 < Q
2 < 1.0 GeV2. The results have been compared with the other available theoretical and experimental data.
Quality assessment of image deburring algorithms
Authors: Garvanova Magdalena , Ivanov Vladimir 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Camera shake during video recording is a major source of image defocus. Restoring these defocuses is one of the most important tasks in image processing. This article examines and evaluates the most commonly used algorithms in practice, namely: Richardson-Lucy algorithm, Tikhonov regularization, and Blind deconvolution. The comparisons were made using structural similarity, image sharpness, and root mean square error.
Study on the gasification process of the biomass obtained from agricultural waste with the purpose of estimating the energy potential in the Santander region and its surroundings.
Authors: Durán-Sarmiento M A , Del Portillo-Valdés L A , Rueda-Ordonez Y J , Florez-Rivera J S , Rincón-Quintero A D 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The generation of energy through renewable sources motivates to study the process of gasification of agricultural residual biomass and to obtain the greatest benefit. In turn, the energy potential in the department of Santander was estimated, which represents 2% of the total production nationwide, and an average of the energy production that can be obtained with the gasification process was obtained, yielding a result of 67% efficiency, with this the department of Santander is located in the ranking of bioenergy producing departments in Colombia. As an additional factor, an economic analysis was carried out to calculate an average of how much money can be saved by replacing fossil fuels with biofuels. The gasification of residual biomass is one of the most striking and studied methods today, with which you can contribute positively to the environment and with which you can achieve a bioeconomy quite sustainable and independent of fossil fuels.
Analysis of the corrosion and wear of WC-10Co-4Cr + GNPs coating applied to HSLA DH-36 steel using HVOF
Authors: Kumar Vijay , Verma Rajeev , Kumar Rakesh 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
High strength low alloy (HSLA) steels offer unique properties and features that show their utility in harsh conditions. Wear and corrosion are concerns when using HSLA steel in shipbuilding and marine environment. In such harsh conditions, WC-10Co-4Cr is a suitable candidate for applying a protective coating to HSLA steel using High Velocity Oxy-Fuel (HVOF) to improve wear and corrosion resistance. The addition of graphene nano-platelets (GNPs) to WC-10Co-4Cr powder increased its mechanical qualities due to its unique properties such as low wear and excellent corrosion resistance. In this work, WC-10Co-4Cr + 3% GNP was coated on laser-treated DH-36 steel. The corrosion potential for these coatings on pre-laser textured with pitch-to-diameter ratio 1.67 was −0.437V compared to the pristine DH-36 was −0.821V; while corrosion current density was 0.143 × 10−3 & 5.362 × 10−6, respectively. Finally, the dry sliding wear test using the Pin-on-Disc (PoD) method, microhardness using the Vickers Indentor, and corrosion resistance using a potentiometer were utilised to analyse the coated surface. The wear resistance of steel coated with WC-10Co-4Cr + 3% GNPs was about 1.5 times compared to pristine substrate. Microstructure and morphology of corroded surfaces were examined using FE-SEM. The results reveal that GNPs act as a solid lubricant, improving the surface’s wear resistance.
An analytic model to calculate voxel s-values for 177Lu
Authors: Pistone Daniele , Auditore Lucrezia , Italiano Antonio , Baldari Sergio , Amato Ernesto 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Objective. 177Lu is one of the most employed isotopes in targeted radionuclide therapies and theranostics, and 3D internal dosimetry for such procedures has great importance. Voxel S-Values (VSVs) approach is widely used for this purpose, but VSVs are available for a limited number of voxel dimensions. The aim of this work is to develop an analytic model for the calculation of 177Lu-VSVs in any cubic voxelized geometry of practical interest. Approach. Monte Carlo (MC) simulations were implemented with the toolkit GAMOS to evaluate VSVs in voxelized geometries of soft tissue from a source of 177Lu homogeneously distributed in the central voxel. Nine geometric setups, containing 15 × 15 × 15 cubic voxels of sides l ranging from 2 mm to 6 mm, in steps of 0.5 mm, were considered. For each l, the VSVs computed as a function of the ‘normalized radius’, R

n
= R/l (with R = distance from the center of the source voxel), were fitted with a parametric function. The dependencies of the parameters as a function of l were then fitted with appropriate functions, in order to implement the model for deducing 177Lu-VSVs for any l within the aforementioned range. Main results. The MC-derived VSVs were satisfactorily compared with literature data for validation, and the VSVs computed with the analytic model agree with the MC ones within 2% for R

n
≤ 2 and within 6% for R

n
> 2. Significance. The proposed model enables the easy and fast calculation, with a simple spreadsheet, of 177Lu-VSVs in any cubic voxelized geometry of practical interest, avoiding the necessity of implementing ad-hoc MC simulations to estimate VSVs for specific voxel dimensions not available in literature data.
Simple and complex spiking neurons: perspectives and analysis in a simple STDP scenario
Authors: Manna Davide L , Vicente-Sola Alex , Kirkland Paul , Bihl Trevor J , Di Caterina Gaetano 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Spiking neural networks (SNNs) are largely inspired by biology and neuroscience and leverage ideas and theories to create fast and efficient learning systems. Spiking neuron models are adopted as core processing units in neuromorphic systems because they enable event-based processing. Among many neuron models, the integrate-and-fire (I&F) models are often adopted, with the simple leaky I&F (LIF) being the most used. The reason for adopting such models is their efficiency and/or biological plausibility. Nevertheless, rigorous justification for adopting LIF over other neuron models for use in artificial learning systems has not yet been studied. This work considers various neuron models in the literature and then selects computational neuron models that are single-variable, efficient, and display different types of complexities. From this selection, we make a comparative study of three simple I&F neuron models, namely the LIF, the quadratic I&F (QIF) and the exponential I&F (EIF), to understand whether the use of more complex models increases the performance of the system and whether the choice of a neuron model can be directed by the task to be completed. Neuron models are tested within an SNN trained with spike-timing dependent plasticity (STDP) on a classification task on the N-MNIST and DVS gestures datasets. Experimental results reveal that more complex neurons manifest the same ability as simpler ones to achieve high levels of accuracy on a simple dataset (N-MNIST), albeit requiring comparably more hyper-parameter tuning. However, when the data possess richer spatio-temporal features, the QIF and EIF neuron models steadily achieve better results. This suggests that accurately selecting the model based on the richness of the feature spectrum of the data could improve the whole system’s performance. Finally, the code implementing the spiking neurons in the SpykeTorch framework is made publicly available.
Creativity in verbal associations is linked to semantic control
Authors: Krieger-Redwood Katya , Steward Anna , Gao Zhiyao , Wang Xiuyi , Halai Ajay , Smallwood Jonathan , Jefferies Elizabeth 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Although memory is known to play a key role in creativity, previous studies have not isolated the critical component processes and networks. We asked participants to generate links between words that ranged from strongly related to completely unrelated in long-term memory, delineating the neurocognitive processes that underpin more unusual versus stereotypical patterns of retrieval. More creative responses to strongly associated word-pairs were associated with greater engagement of episodic memory: in highly familiar situations, semantic, and episodic stores converge on the same information enabling participants to form a personal link between items. This pattern of retrieval was associated with greater engagement of core default mode network (DMN). In contrast, more creative responses to weakly associated word-pairs were associated with the controlled retrieval of less dominant semantic information and greater recruitment of the semantic control network, which overlaps with the dorsomedial subsystem of DMN. Although both controlled semantic and episodic patterns of retrieval are associated with activation within DMN, these processes show little overlap in activation. These findings demonstrate that controlled aspects of semantic cognition play an important role in verbal creativity.
Disinformation as a context-bound phenomenon: toward a conceptual clarification integrating actors, intentions and techniques of creation and dissemination
Authors: Hameleers Michael 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Although disinformation has become a popular concept, we lack an integrative conceptualization that connects the actors, intentions and techniques underlying deceptive information. In this article, we conceptualize disinformation as a context-bound deliberate act for which actors covertly deceive recipients by de-contextualizing, manipulating or fabricating information to maximize utility with the (targeted) outcome of misleading recipients. This conceptualization embeds fragmented accounts of disinformation in a networked and participatory information logic, and offers a comprehensive account of the conditions under which different actors may decide to deceive, how they deceive, and what they aim to achieve by deceiving recipients. Our conceptualization may inform (machine-learning) techniques to detect disinformation and interventions that aim to trigger suspicion by breaking through the truth-default state.
Differences in predator-avoidance behavior between two invasive gobies and their native competitors
Authors: Augustyniak Mateusz , Kołacka Kalina , Kobak Jarosław , Hliwa Piotr , Kłosiński Piotr , Poznańska-Kakareko Małgorzata , Jermacz Łukasz , Kakareko Tomasz 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Globally, fish are frequently introduced beyond their native range. Some, like Ponto-Caspian gobies, are becoming invasive, achieving high colonization rates and constituting frequent prey for native predators. However, little is known about the effectiveness of antipredator behaviors of the invaders, which may shape their role in the invaded community and contribute to the invasion success. We compared antipredator behaviors of invasive gobies and native fish species after their detection by the predator, when the danger becomes direct. We studied 2 fish pairs, each consisting of an invasive and native species co-occurring in the environment and belonging to the same prey guild: (1) the racer goby Babka gymnotrachelus versus European bullhead Cottus gobio, (2) the monkey goby Neogobius fluviatilis versus gudgeon Gobio gobio, facing a naïve predator (the Eurasian perch Perca fluviatilis). We analyzed behaviors of single prey individuals (escaping, staying in shelter, and activity) and single predators (activity, searching, following, capturing, and latency to prey consumption). In the predator presence, the bullhead was less active and more often managed to escape after capture than the racer goby. The gudgeon escaped before the capture more often than the monkey goby. The predator succeeded later with the bullhead compared to racer goby, whereas no differences in ingestion time occurred between the gudgeon and monkey goby. The results suggest that, in terms of hunting effort of native predators, the invasive gobies are equivalent to or more profitable prey than their native analogs, which can facilitate the integration of the gobies into local food webs.
ASL Developmental Trends Among Deaf Children, Ages Birth to Five
Authors: Hernandez Brianna , Allen Thomas E , Morere Donna A 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Language development is an important facet of early life. Deaf children may have exposure to various languages and communication modalities, including spoken and visual. Previous research has documented the rate of growth of English skills among young deaf children, but no studies have investigated the rate of ASL acquisition. The current paper examines young deaf children’s acquisition of ASL skills, the rate of growth over time, and factors impacting levels and growth rates. Seventy-three children ages birth to 5 were rated three times using the Visual Communication and Sign Language Checklist and given a scaled score at each rating. An average monthly gain score was calculated for each participant. The presence of a deaf parent, use of ASL at home, use of cochlear implant(s), whether the child was born deaf, and age of initial diagnosis were analyzed for their impact on the level of ASL skill and rate of growth. Results indicated that the use of ASL in the home has a significant positive effect on deaf children’s ASL skill level. Additionally, children with lower initial ratings showed higher rates of growth than those with higher initial ratings, especially among school-aged children. The paper discusses implications and directions for future studies.
Pre-treatment differential correlation of gene expression and response to topical steroids in eosinophilic esophagitis
Authors: Dellon Evan S , Tsai Yihsuan S , Coffey Alisha R , Bodwin Kelly , Sninsky Jared A , Mosso Carson N , He Tianshe M , O’Connor Kevin A , Selitsky Sara R , Nobel Andrew B , Parker Joel S 
Published: October 2022

SummaryFew predictors of response to topical corticosteroid (tCS) treatment have been identified in eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE). We aimed to determine whether baseline gene expression predicts histologic response to tCS treatment for EoE. We analyzed prospectively collected samples from incident EoE cases who were treated with tCS for 8 weeks in a development cohort (prospective study) or in an independent validation cohort (clinical trial). Whole transcriptome RNA expression was determined from a baseline (pre-treatment) RNA-later preserved esophageal biopsy. Baseline expression was compared between histologic responders (&lt;15 eos/hpf) and non-responders (≥15 eos/hpf), and differential correlation was used to assess baseline gene expression by response status. In 87 EoE cases analyzed in the development set, there were no differentially expressed genes associated with treatment response (at false discovery rate = 0.1). However, differential correlation identified a module of 22 genes with statistically significantly high pairwise correlation in non-responders (mean correlation coefficient = 0.7) compared to low correlation in responders (coefficient = 0.3). When this 22-gene module was applied to the 89 EoE cases in the independent cohort, it was not validated to predict tCS response at the 15 eos/hpf threshold (mean correlation coefficient = 0.32 in responders and 0.25 in nonresponders). Exploration of other thresholds also did not validate any modules. Though we identified a 22 gene differential correlation module measured pre-treatment that was strongly associated with subsequent histologic response to tCS in EoE, this was not validated in an independent population. Alternative methods to predict steroid response should be explored.
Transcriptome and genome analysis to identify C2H2 genes participating in low-temperature conditioning-alleviated postharvest chilling injury of peach fruit
Authors: Zheng Yaqin , Liu Zhenning , Wang Hui , Zhang Wenna , Li Shuaijie , Xu Meng 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Objectives
This work intended to identify candidate C2H2 genes participating in low-temperature conditioning (LTC)-alleviated postharvest chilling injury of peach fruit.

Materials and Methods
For LTC treatment, fruit were pre-stored at 10 °C for 5 d and then transferred to 0 °C storage. Fruit firmness was measured by a hardness tester. H2O2 content was determined by luminosity measurement model using a multifunctional enzyme labeler. Identification of C2H2 family members was performed by HMMSCAN according to peach genome. The cis-acting element of gene promoters was analyzed using the Plant CARE website. Weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) was performed by the WGCNA package in the BMK Cloud platform.

Results
LTC treatment decreased flesh browning rate and H2O2 production of ‘Beijing No. 9’ peach. Transcription factor identification of differentially expressed genes in 0 °C and the LTC treatment indicated that peach C2H2 participated in the regulation of chilling injury. A total of 47 C2H2 genes were identified based on peach genome. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), phylogenetic analysis and promoter cis-acting element analysis revealed that ZFP21 was involved in the regulation of LTC-alleviated chilling injury in peach. WGCNA and dual luciferase assay suggested that ZFP21 participated in LTC-alleviated chilling injury by downregulating the expression of reactive oxygen species-related genes Rboh.

Conclusions
Our investigation, based on genome and RNA-seq, revealed that ZFP21 was involved in LTC treatment-alleviated chilling injury of peach fruit. This work is useful for the identification of peach cold tolerance-related genes and the study of C2H2 family in peach.
Seabird and seal responses to the physical environment and to spatio-temporal variation in the distribution and abundance of Antarctic krill at South Georgia, with implications for local fisheries management
Authors: Trathan P N , Fielding S , Warwick-Evans V , Freer J , Perry F 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
We used 22 years of seasonally and spatially consistent monitoring data to explore marine predator–prey numerical response relationships. Specifically, we tested whether indices of offspring performance (e.g. offspring mass near the time of their independence and/or growth rate) from three Antarctic krill-dependent predators, showed positive relationships with estimates of krill density, determined using fishery-independent acoustic surveys undertaken towards the middle of the predator breeding season. Results showed that indices of predator reproductive performance had little relationship with krill density. In most years, average krill densities were higher on-shelf than off-shelf, potentially providing ecological buffering for predators provisioning offspring. Interestingly, positive response relationships were evident between predator offspring mass and the spatial distribution of krill, measured using indices that represent levels of inequality (patchiness) in krill distribution. These relationships were strongest using indices that reflected the off-shelf krill spatial distribution. We found that krill density and predator offspring mass were also both negatively influenced by sea surface temperature and the Southern Annular Mode, indicating that the environment exerts strong control over ecosystem processes. Finally, we consider the relevance of our results to the ecological framework used by managers responsible for setting catch limits for the regional fishery for krill.
Quantitative evaluation of the rotational stiffness of rail cracks based on the reflection of guided waves
Authors: Liu Pingxin , Liu Shitao , Yu Chengxi , Gu Limin , Zhou Yu , Zhao Chunyu , Huang Zhenyu 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This paper proposes an approach to identify the equivalent rotational stiffness of rail cracks based on the reflection of guided waves. The identified rotational stiffness can be adopted to detect the crack and evaluate the safety of the rail. The quasi-bending guided waves propagating in the rail head and web are found and chosen as the detecting guided waves. Considering these guided waves, the relationship between the dynamic parameters of cracks and the power reflection coefficients are deduced theoretically. Cracks are modelled and their rotational stiffness concerning geometric parameters is evaluated. Simulation results indicate that the depth and width of cracks result in a significant decrease of rotational stiffness. Field experiments showed that discontinuities over a long distance can be detected by the selected guided waves in the rail head and web with relative errors less than 1 per cent in 100 metres. And artificial cracks were made to validate the proposed method for rail crack evaluation.