bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Methodology and Instrumentation for Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Dosimetry With Tooth Enamel
Authors: Ghimire Lekhnath , Waller Edward 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
When tooth enamel is exposed to ionizing radiation, it generates a dose-dependent concentration of free radical centers (i.e., unpaired electrons). The concentration of these free radical centers is identified and quantified using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy in the form of an EPR spectrum. The intensity of the spectrum is proportional to the absorbed dose. Four international intercomparisons have already demonstrated that the EPR tooth enamel dosimetric technique is reliable for retrospective dose assessment in acute and chronic exposure scenarios. Additionally, EPR dosimetry is regarded same as a gold standard for reconstructing the total lifetime dose of individuals using tooth enamel. The accuracy and reproducibility of EPR dose reconstruction depend on the sample preparation, spectrum acquisition, and EPR spectra analysis techniques. So, this paper reviews some of the widely applied and accepted laboratory protocols or methodologies for the EPR dosimetric methods. The minimum detection limit in tooth enamel using this technique was 30 mGy. So, this review aims to share these protocols so that it would be easy to reconstruct the accident doses or chronic exposures with reliable accuracy and precision. Different bands (e.g., L, X, Q, etc.) continuous wave (CW) EPR spectrometers have been used in many historical and accident dose reconstructions; however, due to the availability, moderate price, and not being much influenced by the small amount of moisture in a sample, the X-band has been widely used. A well-developed methodology, a highly sensitive EPR spectrometer, and a well-trained operator are vital for the reliable measurements of absorbed low doses in EPR dosimetry with tooth enamel.
Presleep Heart-Rate Variability Biofeedback Improves Mood and Sleep Quality in Chinese Winter Olympic Bobsleigh Athletes
Authors: Li QinLong , Steward Charles J. , Cullen Tom , Che Kaixuan , Zhou Yue 
Published: August 2022

Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness of heart-rate variability (HRV) biofeedback in improving autonomic function, mood, and sleep in elite bobsleigh athletes. Methods: Eight Chinese Winter Olympic bobsleigh athletes (age: 24 [2] y, body mass: 89 [15] kg, and height: 184 [5] cm) completed a randomized crossover study with and without HRV biofeedback before a single night’s sleep. HRV biofeedback was provided 35 minutes prior to bedtime in the experimental condition. The assessment of HRV took place 45 and 10 minutes before bedtime. The Profile of Mood States questionnaire was completed 50 and 15 minutes prior to bedtime. Sleep duration and quality were measured through an air-mattress sleep-monitoring system. Results: Sleep efficiency (P = .020; F = 7.831; CI, 0.008 to 0.072) and the percentage of deep sleep duration increased (P = .013; F = 10.875; CI, 0.006 to 0.035), while the percentage of light sleep decreased (P = .034; F = 6.893; CI, −0.038 to −0.002). Presleep HRV biofeedback increased parasympathetic and decreased sympathetic activity. Mood states of anger (P = .006, F = 7.573), panic (P = .031, F = 4.288), tension (P = .011, F = 6.284), depression (P = .010, F = 6.016), fatigue (P = .000, F = 16.901), and total mood disturbance (P = .001, F = 11.225) were reduced before sleep. Conclusion: Presleep HRV biofeedback improved some measures of autonomic function, mood, and sleep quality in Chinese Olympic bobsleigh athletes. Presleep HRV biofeedback provides a practical strategy that may help reduce sleep disturbances during periods of training and competition.
On Convergence of Finite-Difference Shock-Capturing Schemes in Regions of Shock Waves Influence
Authors: Kovyrkina O. A. , Ostapenko V. V. , Tishkin V. F. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
We perform a comparative accuracy study of the Rusanov, CABARETM, and WENO5 difference schemes used to compute the dam break problem for shallow water theory equations. We demonstrate that all three schemes have the first order of convergence inside the region occupied by a centered rarefaction wave, and the Rusanov scheme has the second order of convergence in the area of constant flow between the shock and the rarefaction wave, while in the CABARETM and WENO5 schemes there is no local convergence in this area. This is due to the fact that the numerical solutions obtained by the CABARETM and WENO5 schemes have undamped oscillations in the region of influence of the shock, the amplitude of which does not decrease with decreasing of the difference grid steps. As a result, taking into account the Lax-Wendroff theorem, the numerical solutions obtained by the conservative schemes CABARETM and WENO5 converge only weakly to the exact constant solution in the region of influence of the shock wave, in contrast to the Rusanov scheme, which locally converges with the second order to the exact solution in this region.
Solving Nonlinear Inverse Problems Based on the Regularized Modified Gauss–Newton Method
Authors: Vasin V. V. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA nonlinear operator equation is investigated in the case when the Hadamard correctness conditions are violated. A two-stage method is proposed for constructing a stable method for solving the equation. It includes modified Tikhonov regularization and a modified iterative Gauss–Newton process for approximating the solution of the regularized equation. The convergence of the iterations and the strong Fejér property of the process are proved. An order optimal estimate for the error of the two-stage method is established in the class of sourcewise representable functions.
Clinical Efficacy of Interventional Therapy on Lower Extremity Arteriosclerosis Obliterans and Prognostic Factors
Authors: Xiao Deshuang , Song Jun 
Published: August 2022

Objective. This study was designed to analyse the clinical efficacy of interventional therapy on lower extremity arteriosclerosis obliterans (LEASO) and prognostic factors. Methods. A total of 122 patients with LEASO diagnosed in our hospital from March 2017 to March 2019 were retrospectively analysed. Among them, 72 patients who received conservative therapy were assigned to a conservative group, and 50 patients who received interventional therapy additionally based on conservative therapy were assigned to an intervention group. The short-term (12 weeks after therapy) and long-term (3 years after therapy) clinical efficacies on the two groups were compared. Death, amputation, and vascular restenosis (

vascular

stenosis
>
50
%

in computed tomography reexamination) were defined as unfavourable outcomes, and Cox regression was conducted to analyze the factors influencing the prognosis of patients. The incidence of adverse events in the two groups within 3 years was compared and statistically analyzed. Additionally, the hospital stay, therapy cost, claudication distance, and ankle brachial index were compared between the two groups. Results. After therapy, the conservative group showed a notably lower total effective rate than the intervention group (

P
<
0.05

), but the clinical efficacy after 3 years was similar between the two groups (

P
>
0.05

). Additionally, the conservative group experienced notably longer hospital stay than the intervention group (

P
<
0.05

), and cost less in treatment than the intervention group (

P
<
0.05

). However, the conservative group experienced a notably shorter claudication distance and showed a notably lower ankle brachial index than the intervention group (

P
<
0.05

). The two groups were not significantly different in mortality, amputation rate, and vascular restenosis rate (

P
>
0.05

). Moreover, Cox regression analysis revealed that age and conservative therapy were independent risk factors for the prognosis of patients (

P
<
0.05

). Conclusion. Interventional therapy can substantially improve the short-term efficacy and prognosis of patients with LEASO, but the cost is high, so the therapeutic regimen should be selected according to the patient’s economic condition.
An Immunogenic Model of KRAS-Mutant Lung Cancer Enables Evaluation of Targeted Therapy and Immunotherapy Combinations
Authors: Boumelha Jesse , de Carné Trécesson Sophie , Law Emily K. , Romero-Clavijo Pablo , Coelho Matthew A. , Ng Kevin W. , Mugarza Edurne , Moore Christopher , Rana Sareena , Caswell Deborah R. , Murillo Miguel , Hancock David C. , Argyris Prokopios P. , Brown William L. , Durfee Cameron , Larson Lindsay K. , Vogel Rachel I. , Suárez-Bonnet Alejandro , Priestnall Simon L. , East Philip , Ross Sarah J. , Kassiotis George , Molina-Arcas Miriam , Swanton Charles , Harris Reuben , Downward Julian 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMutations in oncogenes such as KRAS and EGFR cause a high proportion of lung cancers. Drugs targeting these proteins cause tumor regression but ultimately fail to elicit cures. As a result, there is an intense interest in how to best combine targeted therapies with other treatments, such as immunotherapies. However, preclinical systems for studying the interaction of lung tumors with the host immune system are inadequate, in part due to the low tumor mutational burden in genetically engineered mouse models. Here we set out to develop mouse models of mutant KRAS–driven lung cancer with an elevated tumor mutational burden by expressing the human DNA cytosine deaminase, APOBEC3B, to mimic the mutational signature seen in human lung cancer. This failed to substantially increase clonal tumor mutational burden and autochthonous tumors remained refractory to immunotherapy. However, establishing clonal cell lines from these tumors enabled the generation of an immunogenic syngeneic transplantation model of KRAS-mutant lung adenocarcinoma that was sensitive to immunotherapy. Unexpectedly, antitumor immune responses were not directed against neoantigens but instead targeted derepressed endogenous retroviral antigens. The ability of KRASG12C inhibitors to cause regression of KRASG12C -expressing tumors was markedly potentiated by the adaptive immune system, highlighting the importance of using immunocompetent models for evaluating targeted therapies. Overall, this model provides a unique opportunity for the study of combinations of targeted and immunotherapies in immune-hot lung cancer.Significance:This study develops a mouse model of immunogenic KRAS-mutant lung cancer to facilitate the investigation of optimal combinations of targeted therapies with immunotherapies.
STAT3 Activation as a Predictive Biomarker for Ruxolitinib Response in Head and Neck Cancer
Authors: Qureshy Zoya , Li Hua , Zeng Yan , Rivera Jose , Cheng Ning , Peterson Christopher N. , Kim Mi-Ok , Ryan William R. , Ha Patrick K. , Bauman Julie E. , Wang Steven J. , Long Steven R. , Johnson Daniel E. , Grandis Jennifer R. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Purpose:
Increased activity of STAT3 is associated with progression of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Upstream activators of STAT3, such as JAKs, represent potential targets for therapy of solid tumors, including HNSCC. In this study, we investigated the anticancer effects of ruxolitinib, a clinical JAK1/2 inhibitor, in HNSCC preclinical models, including patient-derived xenografts (PDX) from patients treated on a window-of-opportunity trial.

Experimental Design:
HNSCC cell lines were treated with ruxolitinib, and the impact on activated STAT3 levels, cell growth, and colony formation was assessed. PDXs were generated from patients with HNSCC who received a brief course of neoadjuvant ruxolitinib on a clinical trial. The impact of ruxolitinib on tumor growth and STAT3 activation was assessed.

Results:
Ruxolitinib inhibited STAT3 activation, cellular growth, and colony formation of HNSCC cell lines. Ruxolitinib treatment of mice bearing an HNSCC cell line–derived xenograft significantly inhibited tumor growth compared with vehicle-treated controls. The response of HNSCC PDXs derived from patients on the clinical trial mirrored the responses seen in the neoadjuvant setting. Baseline active STAT3 (pSTAT3) and total STAT3 levels were lower, and ruxolitinib inhibited STAT3 activation in a PDX from a patient whose disease was stable on ruxolitinib, compared with a PDX from a patient whose disease progressed on ruxolitinib and where ruxolitinib treatment had minimal impact on STAT3 activation.

Conclusions:
Ruxolitinib exhibits antitumor effects in HNSCC preclinical models. Baseline pSTAT3 or total STAT3 levels in the tumor may serve as predictive biomarkers to identify patients most likely to respond to ruxolitinib.
Incubation parameters, offspring growth, and behavioral adaptations to heat stress of Black Skimmers (Rynchops niger) in a Neotropical inland colony (Aves, Charadriiformes, Laridae)
Authors: Schuchmann Karl-Ludwig , Schley Martin , Hegmann Mona , Deus Filipe Ferreira de , Tissiani Ana Silvia de Oliveira , Weller André-A. , Marques Marinêz Isaac 
Published: August 2022

This study focuses on incubation parameters, egg morphometrics, and body mass development, hatching, and behavioral adaptations to heat stress within a colony of freshwater-breeding Black Skimmers (Rynchops niger) located in the private nature reserve of Serviço Social do Comércio (SESC) in the northern Pantanal, Mato Grosso, Brazil. Temperatures of nest, eggs, and surface substratum, as well as the development of embryos, were surveyed using thermal imaging, a method allowing digital recording from a distance and in a fraction of the time of traditional measuring techniques. The mean egg dimensions (n = 71) were 4.48 (± 0.13) × 3.27 (± 0.07) cm; the mean mass at hatching was 24.3 (± 1.9) g, with a significant decrease over incubation time. The mean surface temperature of eggs varied from 30.9℃ to 39.7℃, while the sand surface temperature was 20℃ at 06:00 h, rising to 47.7℃ at 11:00 h. There was a significant increase (7%) in egg surface temperature throughout incubation. Incubation-bout durations (n = 2108) were correlated with the microclimatic conditions of the substratum, becoming shorter with increasing sand-surface temperature around midday. Egg hatching lasted one day, and siblings hatched no more than 24 h apart. The mean body mass on Day 1 after hatching was 16.8 (± 1.6) g (n = 6). Three days after hatching, chicks moved to new sand depressions provided by parents near the original nest, where they remained motionless or tried to hide under riparian vegetation. The single chick that fledged had a growth rate of K = 0.117 and a t₁₀₋₉₀ value of 37.3 days. On Day 7, dorsal pintail feathers and primaries appeared, which were open on Day 15. After 14 days, the chick was able to regulate its body temperature, and no more feeding by parental birds during the daytime was observed. On Day 21, the immature plumage was fully developed. Fledging was completed on Day 27. Our study demonstrates that thermal imaging is a useful method of surveying egg and embryo development in the Black Skimmer, reducing nest disturbance and observation efforts.
Mémoires marginales et contre-récits : Patrick Chamoiseau et Conceição Evaristo
Authors: Champagnat Pauline 
Published: August 2022

Notre article cherche à interroger, en s’appuyant sur l’idée soutenue par Zilá Bernd (2017), au sujet du rôle de l’écrivain pour combler les failles mémorielles, les œuvres suivantes : Texaco (1992), Un dimanche au cachot (2007), L’esclave vieil homme et le molosse (1997) de Patrick Chamoiseau, ainsi que Becos da memória (2017) et Ponciá Vicêncio (2017) de Conceição Evaristo. Nous compléterons nos propos à la lumière de deux essais : Écrire en pays dominé (1997) de Chamoiseau et Le discours antillais (1997), d’Édouard Glissant. Cela nous permettra, dans un premier temps, de réfléchir sur le lien entre écriture et résistances. Ainsi, la figure de l’écrivain qui récupère, sauvegarde les récits mis sous silence, se dessine comme la voix de ceux qui n’en ont pas et se propose de retracer les histoires diverses des « oubliés » de l’Histoire officielle. Nous réfléchirons également sur le lien entre oralité et mémoire collective, en nous appuyant sur la théorie de Jan Assman (2002). Ainsi, nous tenterons de comprendre comment pourraient se dessiner des lignes de recherches communes Caraïbes/Brésil, lesquelles, tout en tenant compte des disparités culturelles et géographiques, s’emploient à regrouper et entreprendre des réflexions autour d’axes thématiques communs.
"Frères migrantes", de Patrick Chamoiseau : l'intention humaniste
Authors: Bonnet Véronique , Amaral Henrique Provinzano , Oliveira Thiago Mattos de 
Published: August 2022

Cet article examine comment, à partir du drame des migrants qui font route vers l’Europe, Frères migrants de Patrick Chamoiseau suggère la possibilité d’un « humanisme à la mesure du monde » (CÉSAIRE, 1973). L’essai manifeste une intention humaniste, sous la forme d’une bibliothèque intertextuelle qui perpétue tout à la fois la pensée de l’humanisme et l’esprit de la « sentimenthèque » figurant dans Écrire en pays dominé (CHAMOISEAU, 1997). Si le traitement inhumain infligé aux migrants dévoile les angles morts de l’humanisme européen et rappelle les méthodes coloniales, la prise en compte fraternelle de ces derniers invite à repenser et à élargir l’humanisme. La médiatisation de l’essai se prolonge par la publication d’un recueil collectif Osons la fraternité ! Les écrivains aux côtés des migrants (CHAMOISEAU, LE BRIS, 2018) au sein duquel certains textes questionnent les apories de toute intention humaniste.
Rituais em Desaparecimento
Authors: Vaz Lúcio 
Published: August 2022

Resenha crítica do livro Vom Verschwinden der Rituale, de Byung-Chul Han.

Han, B.-C. (2021). O desaparecimento dos rituais: uma topologia do presente. Tradução: Gabriel Salvi Philipson. Petrópolis: Vozes, 160 p. [Han, B.-C. (2019). Vom Verchwinden der Rituale: eine Topologie der Gegenwart. Berlin: Ullstein. 4. Auflage. 121 p.]
Trends, Predictors, and Outcomes of 30‐Day Readmission With Heart Failure After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: Insights From the US Nationwide Readmission Database
Authors: Zahid Salman , Din Mian Tanveer Ud , Khan Muhammad Zia , Rai Devesh , Ullah Waqas , Sanchez‐Nadales Alejandro , Elkhapery Ahmed , Khan Muhammad Usman , Goldsweig Andrew M. , Singla Atul , Fonarrow Greg , Balla Sudarshan 
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND
Data on trends, predictors, and outcomes of heart failure (HF) readmissions after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) remain limited. Moreover, the relationship between hospital TAVR discharge volume and HF readmission outcomes has not been established.

METHODS AND RESULTS

The Nationwide Readmission Database was used to identify 30‐day readmissions for HF after TAVR from October 1, 2015, to November 30, 2018, using
International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification
(
ICD‐10‐CM
) codes. A total of 167 345 weighted discharges following TAVR were identified. The all‐cause readmission rate within 30 days of discharge was 11.4% (19 016). Of all the causes of 30‐day rehospitalizations, HF comprised 31.4% (5962) of all causes. The 30‐day readmission rate for HF did not show a significant decline during the study period (
P
trend
=0.06); however, all‐cause readmission rates decreased significantly (
P
trend
=0.03). HF readmissions were comparable between high‐ and low‐volume TAVR centers. Charlson Comorbidity Index >8, length of stay >4 days during the index hospitalization, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, atrial fibrillation, chronic HF, preexisting pacemaker, complete heart block during index hospitalization, paravalvular regurgitation, chronic kidney disease, and end‐stage renal disease were independent predictors of 30‐day HF readmission after TAVR. HF readmissions were associated with higher mortality rates when compared with non‐HF readmissions (4.9% versus 3.3%;
P
<0.01). Each HF readmission within 30 days was associated with an average increased cost of $13 000 more than for each non‐HF readmission.

CONCLUSIONS
During the study period from 2015 to 2018, 30‐day HF readmissions after TAVR remained steady despite all‐cause readmissions decreasing significantly. All‐cause readmission mortality and HF readmission mortality also showed a nonsignificant downtrend. HF readmissions were comparable across low‐, medium‐, and high‐volume TAVR centers. HF readmission was associated with increased mortality and resource use attributed to the increased costs of care compared with non‐HF readmission. Further studies are needed to identify strategies to decrease the burden of HF readmissions and related mortality after TAVR.
An Ansatz for computational undecidability in RNA automata
Authors: Svahn Adam J. , Prokopenko Mikhail 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In this ansatz we consider theoretical constructions of RNA polymers into automata, a form of computational structure. The bases for transitions in our automata are plausible RNA enzymes that may perform ligation or cleavage. Limited to these operations, we construct RNA automata of increasing complexity; from the Finite Automaton (RNA-FA) to the Turing machine equivalent 2-stack PDA (RNA-2PDA) and the universal RNA-UPDA. For each automaton we show how the enzymatic reactions match the logical operations of the RNA automaton. A critical theme of the ansatz is the self-reference in RNA automata configurations that exploits the program-data duality but results in computational undecidability. We describe how computational undecidability is exemplified in the self-referential Liar paradox that places a boundary on a logical system, and by construction, any RNA automata. We argue that an expansion of the evolutionary space for RNA-2PDA automata can be interpreted as a hierarchical resolution of computational undecidability by a meta-system (akin to Turing’s oracle), in a continual process analogous to Turing’s ordinal logics and Post’s extensible recursively generated logics. On this basis, we put forward the hypothesis that the resolution of undecidable configurations in RNA automata represent a novelty generation mechanism and propose avenues for future investigation of biological automata.
Using the Comparative Hybrid Approach to Disentangle the Role of Substrate Choice on the Evolution of Cognition
Authors: Bohm Clifford , Albani Sarah , Ofria Charles , Ackles Acacia 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Understanding the structure and evolution of natural cognition is a topic of broad scientific interest, as is the development of an engineering toolkit to construct artificial cognitive systems. One open question is determining which components and techniques to use in such a toolkit. To investigate this question, we employ agent-based AI, using simple computational substrates (i.e., digital brains) undergoing rapid evolution. Such systems are an ideal choice as they are fast to process, easy to manipulate, and transparent for analysis. Even in this limited domain, however, hundreds of different computational substrates are used. While benchmarks exist to compare the quality of different substrates, little work has been done to build broader theory on how substrate features interact. We propose a technique called the Comparative Hybrid Approach and develop a proof-of-concept by systematically analyzing components from three evolvable substrates: recurrent artificial neural networks, Markov brains, and Cartesian genetic programming. We study the role and interaction of individual elements of these substrates by recombining them in a piecewise manner to form new hybrid substrates that can be empirically tested. Here, we focus on network sparsity, memory discretization, and logic operators of each substrate. We test the original substrates and the hybrids across a suite of distinct environments with different logic and memory requirements. While we observe many trends, we see that discreteness of memory and the Markov brain logic gates correlate with high performance across our test conditions. Our results demonstrate that the Comparative Hybrid Approach can identify structural subcomponents that predict task performance across multiple computational substrates.