bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Psychological impact of COVID-19 on healthcare leaders: a cross-sectional survey in Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Italy
Authors: Scarpis Enrico , Bravo Giulia , Cocconi Roberto , Brunelli Laura 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionAlthough several studies highlighted the psychological burden of 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, no data are available regarding professionals leading healthcare organisations. This study aims to assess the psychological impact of COVID-19 on healthcare leaders (HeLs), along with the leadership skills and coping strategies needed for successful leadership.MethodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted in Friuli-Venezia Giulia (Italy) between October and November 2020. We assessed the presence of depressive symptoms (DS), anxiety symptoms (AS), perceived stress (PS) and insomnia using internationally validated tools. Coping strategies and skills needed to overcome the crisis were examined, along with the most challenging phases.ResultsA total of 48 HeLs participated. The prevalence of DS and AS was 14.6% and 12.5%, respectively. Moderate and severe insomnia was found in 12.5% and 6.3% of them, respectively. Leaders showed moderate (45.8%) and high 4,2%) level of PS. The two most challenging phases were recognised in early recognition (45.2%) and peak phase (31.0%). Concerning healthcare leaders’ skills required to manage with pandemic, the most reported were communication (35.1%) and decision-making (25.5%).ConclusionThe high level of PS, insomnia, DS and AS experienced by healthcare leaders shows the COVID-19 pandemic’s psychological impact. The two most challenging phases identified enhances the importance of public health surveillance and monitoring systems, and communication appeared a critical success skill for healthcare leaders. Given the key role these professional play in addressing the current crisis in healthcare organisations, their mental health and well-being deserve greater attention.
High proportions of rectal and pharyngeal chlamydia and gonorrhoea cases among cisgender men are missed using current CDC screening recommendations
Authors: Assaf Ryan D , Cunningham Nicole J , Adamson Paul C , Jann Jamieson Trevor , Bolan Robert K 
Published: February 2022

ObjectivesPharyngeal and rectalChlamydia trachomatis(CT) andNeisseria gonorrhoeae(NG) infections are often undiagnosed due to their asymptomatic nature. This study aims to determine (1) the prevalence of CT/NG infections by anatomical site among cisgender men; (2) the proportion of missed CT/NG rectal/pharyngeal infections if urogenital testing alone was performed or screening depended on self-reported behaviour alone; and (3) the predictive probability of self-reported behaviours for rectal CT/NG.MethodsThis cross-sectional study used electronic health records collected at a sexual health clinic in Los Angeles from 18 November 2018 until 28 February 2020. The included patients were ≥18 years of age cisgender men who received CT/NG testing at least once during the study period. We calculated the proportion of missed pharyngeal/rectal CT/NG infections if only urogenital testing had been done and if testing was based only on self-reported anal sex. Separately, we ran logistic regressions for predictive probability of self-reported anal sex on CT/NG rectal infections.ResultsOverall, there were 13 476 unique patients with 26 579 visits. The prevalence of any extragenital CT/NG infection was 37.28%. Over 80% rectal/pharyngeal CT cases and over 65% rectal/pharyngeal NG cases would be missed if urogenital testing alone was performed. Likewise, over 35% rectal CT/NG cases would be missed had testing relied on self-reported sexual behaviours alone.ConclusionsThe proportion of missed rectal and pharyngeal CT/NG infections is high. Our data from a sexual health clinic lend support to three-site opt-out testing for cisgender men attending a sexual health/Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer/Questioning (LGBTQ+) specialty clinic regardless of their sexual orientation or reported sexual behaviours.
Universal lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) testing of rectal chlamydia in men who have sex with men and detection of asymptomatic LGV
Authors: Hughes Yasmin , Chen Marcus Y , Fairley Christopher K , Hocking Jane S , Williamson Deborah , Ong Jason J , De Petra Vesna , Chow Eric P F 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundLymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) is caused byChlamydia trachomatisserovars L1-L3. This study determined the positivity for LGV testing before and after introduction of universal LGV testing of positive rectalChlamydia trachomatissamples in men who have sex with men (MSM).MethodsFrom March 2015 to February 2018, MSM with rectalC. trachomatiswere not routinely tested for LGV at the Melbourne Sexual Health Centre unless they had HIV or symptoms of proctitis. From February 2018, universal testing for LGV of all positive rectalC. trachomatisspecimens in men over the age of 25 years, regardless of symptoms was undertaken. LGV positivity was defined as the detection of LGV-associatedC. trachomatisserovars.ResultsThere were 3429 and 4020 MSM who tested positive for rectal chlamydia in the selective and universal LGV-testing periods, respectively. Of the total 3027 assessable specimens in both periods, 97 (3.2%; 95% CI 2.6% to 3.9%) specimens tested positive for LGV. LGV positivity in the selective testing period was higher than in the universal testing period (6.6% (33/502) vs 2.5% (64/2525), p<0.001). The proportion of LGV cases that were asymptomatic increased from 15.2% (5/33) in the selective testing period to 34.4% (22/64) in the universal testing period (p=0.045). Of the 70 symptomatic LGV cases symptoms included rectal discharge (71.4%, n=45) and rectal pain (60.0%, n=42).ConclusionUniversal LGV testing of all positive rectal chlamydia samples in MSM compared with selective testing led to the detection of asymptomatic rectal LGV, which constituted 34% of rectal LGV cases.
Imposing multi-physics constraints at different densities on the neutron Star Equation of State
Authors: Ghosh Suprovo , Chatterjee Debarati , Schaffner-Bielich Jürgen 
Published: February 2022

AbstractNeutron star matter spans a wide range of densities, from that of nuclei at the surface to exceeding several times normal nuclear matter density in the core. While terrestrial experiments, such as nuclear or heavy-ion collision experiments, provide clues about the behaviour of dense nuclear matter, one must resort to theoretical models of neutron star matter to extrapolate to higher density and finite neutron/proton asymmetry relevant for neutron stars. In this work, we explore the parameter space within the framework of the Relativistic Mean Field model allowed by present uncertainties compatible with state-of-the-art experimental data. We apply a cut-off filter scheme to constrain the parameter space using multi-physics constraints at different density regimes: chiral effective field theory, nuclear and heavy-ion collision data as well as multi-messenger astrophysical observations of neutron stars. Using the results of the study, we investigate possible correlations between nuclear and astrophysical observables.
Collapsing dust thin shells in Einstein–Gauss–Bonnet gravity
Authors: Huang Yong-Ming , Tian Yu , Wu Xiao-Ning 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWe investigate gravitational collapse of a spherically symmetric thin shell in the Einstein–Gauss–Bonnet (EGB) gravity. Under the recently proposed 4D limit, we find that the collapsing shell will be bounced back at a small radius, without forming a singularity. This bouncing behavior is similar to those of a test particle and a homogeneous spherical dust star, in accordance with the expectation that the Gauss–Bonnet term will modify the small scale behavior of the Einstein gravity. We analyze the causal structure of the dynamic spacetime that represents the bouncing process, finding that the thin shell has an oscillation behavior on the Penrose diagram, which means that the thin shell results in a novel type of black hole with respect to observers outside the event horizon that the collapse forms. We also find that the weak cosmic censorship conjecture holds in this model. Further implications of such a regular gravitational collapse are discussed.
Shining light into the Higgs portal with $$\gamma \gamma $$ colliders
Authors: Garcia-Abenza A. , No J. M. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractHigh-energy$$\gamma \gamma $$γγcolliders constitute a potential running mode of future lepton colliders such as the ILC and CLIC. We study the sensitivity of a high-energy$$\gamma \gamma $$γγcollider to the Higgs portal scenario to a hidden sector above the invisible Higgs decay threshold. We show that such$$\gamma \gamma $$γγcollisions could allow to probe the existence of dark sectors through the Higgs portal with precision competitive with other planned collider facilities, profiting from the unique combination of sizable cross-section with clean final state and collider environment. In addition, this search could cover the singlet Higgs portal parameter space yielding a first-order electroweak phase transition in the early Universe.
The megatracksite phenomenon: implications for tetrapod palaeobiology across terrestrial-shallow-marine transitional zones
Authors: Lockley Martin G. , Meyer Christian A. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Megatracksites, popularly known as ‘dinosaur Freeways’ are regionally extensive, stratigraphically restricted track-bearing sequences mainly associated with coastal plain facies, but in rarer cases with fluvio-lacustrine palaeoenvironments. Nine convincing, dinosaur-dominated examples are reported from the Mesozoic of North America, Europe, Africa and Central Asia, with a tenth tetrapod-dominated example reported from the Permian. Some, like the Moab Megatracksite (Utah) are labelled as Type 1 and restricted to ‘single surfaces’ or units only
c
. <1.0 m thick. Others (Type 2) represent relatively thin track-bearing packages (
c.
1.0–
c.
10.0 m in thickness). Type 3 megatracksites represent imprecisely correlated, laterally extensive track-bearing facies. Most Type 1 and 2 examples including a Permian, four Jurassic and three Cretaceous examples display genetic sequence stratigraphic similarities, mainly associated with transgressive marginal marine facies. A Triassic megatracksite from Colorado and Utah is associated with a terrestrial fluvio-lacustrine system, and another from Spain is a lacustrine example. Type 1 megatracksites are defined by correlating multiple tracksites (assemblages) in stratigraphically restricted zones, across distances of
c.
10 km–
c.
100 km or more. Tetrapod megatracksites, ichnocoenoses and ichnofacies are all large-scale ichnological phenomena, which despite variability and different definitions can be integrated to various degrees. Because sequence stratigraphic, sedimentological and ichnological studies often proceed along separate, specialist lines a more integrated approach to the study of sedimentary geology and tetrapod ichnology is advocated in areas where megatracksites have been reported.
Silence and “Active Love” as Agents of the Dialogic Relationship in The Brothers Karamazov
Authors: Lévai Ruth Karin 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Beginning with an exploration of the core similarities between Bakhtin’s and Buber’s understanding of the dialogic relationship, and going on to discuss the validity of this concept based on aspects of our physical reality in the quantum world, this article demonstrates how silence plays an integral role in the creation of that relationship. Further instances of the dialogic relationship in The Brothers Karamazov are analysed, focusing specifically on Zosima’s relationship with the divine, the relationship between Ivan and Alyosha, and the relationship between Ivan and Smerdyakov. In revealing a truth about personality, Dostoevsky succeeded in revealing a truth about the world.
Assessing Heavy Precipitation Risk Associated with Tropical Cyclones in China
Authors: Niu Yilong , Touma Danielle , Ting Mingfang , Camargo Suzana J. , Chen Ruishan 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Tropical cyclone precipitation (TCP), accounting for some of the most extreme rainfall events, can lead to severe flooding and landslides, which often occur together as compound natural hazards during a tropical cyclone landfall. The impact due to TCP is largely associated with its intensity and spatial extent as the storm approaches landfall. Yet it is not entirely clear how TCP intensity and spatial extent vary from one tropical cyclone to another. In this study, we employ an advanced geostatistical framework to determine the TCP intensity and spatial extent along cyclone tracks for different cyclone categories, defined using the wind speed and tropical cyclone lifetime maximum intensity (LMI) at each track point (“point intensity-LMI”). The results show that when a tropical cyclone with an LMI of a supertyphoon makes landfall and has weakened to tropical storm strength it usually produces the most intense rainfall and covers the largest spatial extent. The total TCP amount estimated using the varying spatial extent helps to determine more accurately the amount of seasonal rainfall that is from tropical cyclones in China. We also determined the rainfall trend from 1951 to 2019 for TCP and found that when compared with the inland stations the historical TCP rainfall trend in those stations near the coastline of China is significantly increasing.

Significance Statement
Heavy rainfall caused by tropical cyclones has caused huge direct or indirect economic losses in the coastal areas of China. This impact is particularly significant when the rainfall intensity is high and the area of heavy rainfall is extensive. Here we investigate the rainfall intensity and spatial extent by classifying and comparing the different types of tropical cyclones impacting China with varying intensities. To do this, we group the tropical cyclone tracks of the western North Pacific Ocean during the last seven decades according to the strength of wind speed across the cyclone tracks. We found that the largest areas and heaviest intensities of rainfall occur when a supertyphoon has weakened to a tropical storm at landfall. When considering all tropical cyclones and their rainfall contribution to rainfall over land stations, we found that tropical cyclone rainfall has become heavier in most coastal areas of China.
Extreme Rainfall Indices Prediction with Atmospheric Parameters and Ocean–Atmospheric Teleconnections Using a Random Forest Model
Authors: Uddin Md. Jalal , Li Yubin , Tamim Md. Yahya , Miah Md. Babul , Ahmed S. M. Shahriar 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Globally, extreme rainfall has intense impacts on ecosystems and human livelihoods. However, no effort has yet been made to forecast the extreme rainfall indices through machine learning techniques. In this paper, a new extreme rainfall indices forecasting model is proposed using a random forest (RF) model to provide effective forecasts of monthly extreme rainfall indices. In addition, RF feature importance is proposed in this study to identify the most and least important features for the proposed model. This study forecasts only statistically significant extreme rainfall indices over Bangladesh including consecutive dry days (CDD), the number of heavy rain days (R10mm; rainfall ≥ 10 mm), and the number of heavy rain days (R20mm; rainfall ≥ 20 mm) within 1–3 months of lead time. The proposed model uses monthly antecedent CDD, R10mm, and R20mm including atmospheric parameters and ocean–atmospheric teleconnections, namely, convective available potential energy (CAPE), relative humidity (RH), air temperature (TEM), El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO), Indian Ocean dipole (IOD), and North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), as the inputs to the model. Results show that the proposed model yields the best performance to forecast CDD, R10mm, and R20mm with only the antecedent of these indices as input. Ocean–atmospheric teleconnections (IOD, ENSO, and NAO) are useful for CDD forecasting, and local atmospheric parameters (CAPE, RH, and TEM) are useful for R10mm and R20mm forecasting. The results suggest that adding atmospheric parameters and ocean–atmospheric teleconnections is useful to forecast extreme rainfall indices.
Recommendations for Creating and Teaching a Graduate Psychology Course Exclusively for Black, Indigenous, and People of Color Students
Authors: Kadaba Meiyang L. , Chow Joshua S. , Briscoe-Smith Allison 
Published: February 2022

Introduction Although the development of graduate psychology trainees’ multicultural competence is established to be a necessity, current training implicitly and explicitly centers White clinicians. Statement of the Problem This orientation leads to inadequate opportunities for Black, Indigenous, and People of Color (BIPOC) trainees to access mentoring, learning, and support. Literature Review We review the focus in graduate psychology training centered on White clinicians and the need to develop actively anti-racist training specifically suited to BIPOC clinicians. We discuss the principles of decolonization and collective liberation that can underlie such training. Teaching implications A course called In the Center (ITC) was exclusively offered to BIPOC students to prioritize their needs and strengths. Based on ITC, we recommend instructors consider institutional context, ground teaching practices in values, utilize co-teaching, target multiple competencies, and address classroom racial dynamics to build greater community and solidarity among BIPOC students. Conclusion This article discusses considerations for equitable, anti-racist training for BIPOC graduate psychology students built upon principles of decolonization and collective liberation.
Indoor occupancy estimation from carbon dioxide concentration using parameter estimation algorithms
Authors: Wei Yixuan , Wang Shu , Jin Longzhe , Xu Yifei , Ding Tianqi 
Published: February 2022

The number of building occupants is an important indicator for predicting building energy consumption and developing control strategies for building automation. However, most occupancy estimation models were developed depending on the training steps where the true number of occupants is necessary. In order to calculate the occupant number independently, the newly-developed parameter estimation models were proposed, which are based on Maximum Likelihood (ML) approach and Bayesian analysis. A combination of multiple common measurements is used, including real-time CO2 concentration, energy consumption of facilities and make-up air system. The model starts by smoothing the raw CO2 concentration data using moving average, two-hour median as well as globally smooth. Then, ML and Bayesian analysis are used to establish the occupancy estimation models. The proposed models are evaluated in a commercial office which contains 36 occupants for validation. We find that the calculation errors could be reduced by using moving averaged data and globally smoothed data. The superiority of the parameter estimation models can be identified based on its lower calculation error and higher calculation accuracy compared to the previous established models. Practical Application Occupancy estimation models developed in this study are able to calculate occupant numbers independently and accurately in a non-intrusive way based on the indoor carbon dioxide concentration. This can provide input to a predictive building controller based on the application of occupancy estimation models. This could be applied to buildings across a district, informing demand-side management systems by employing occupancy behaviour and energy characteristics of individual buildings. This could allow both utility companies and building operators to simultaneously optimise their performance and benefit from this dedicated control strategy.
Efficacy of treatments tested in COVID-19 patients with cardiovascular disease. A meta-analysis
Authors: Ben-Aicha Soumaya , Buchanan Jacqueline , Punjabi Prakash , Emanueli Costanza , Moscarelli Marco 
Published: February 2022

Background The COVID-19 pandemic has spread globally infecting and killing millions. Those with cardiovascular disease (CVD) are at higher risk of increased disease severity and mortality. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate the rate of in-hospital mortality following different treatments on COVID-19 in patients with CVD. Methods Pertinent articles were identified from the PubMed, Google Scholar, Ovid MEDLINE, and Ovid EMBASE databases. This study protocol was registered under PROSPERO with the identifier CRD42020183057. Results Of the 1673 papers scrutinized, 46 were included in the review. Of the 2553 patients (mean age 63.9 ± 2.7 years/o; 57.2% male), the most frequent CVDs were coronary artery disease (9.09%) and peripheral arterial disease (5.4%) and the most frequent cardiovascular risk factors were hypertension (86.7%) and diabetes (23.7%). Most patients were on multiple treatments. 14 COVID-19 treatments were compared with controls. The pooled event rate for in-hospital mortality was 20% (95% confidence interval (CI): 11–33%); certain heterogeneity was observed across studies. Conclusions COVID-19 is associated with a high in-hospital mortality rate in patients with CVD. This study shows that previous CVD determines mortality, regardless of the type of COVID-19 administered therapy. Treatments for at-risk patients should be administered carefully and monitored closely until further data are available.
Network meta-analysis comparing blood cardioplegia, Del Nido cardioplegia and custodiol cardioplegia in minimally invasive cardiac surgery
Authors: Chan Jeremy , Oo Shwe , Butt Salman , Benedetto Umberto , Caputo Massimo , Angelini Gianni D , Vohra Hunaid A 
Published: February 2022

Introduction Minimally invasive cardiac surgery has been evolving, with the intention of reducing surgical trauma, improve cosmesis and patient satisfaction. Single dose, crystalloid cardioplegia such as Del Nido cardioplegia and Custoidol solution have been increasingly used to reduce the interruption from repeating cardioplegia dosing to minimise the cardiopulmonary bypass and cross clamp time. However, the best cardioplegia for myocardial protection in adult minimally invasive cardiac surgery remains controversial. We aimed to conduct a meta-analysis to analyse the current evidence in the literature. Method A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed following the updated 2020 PRISMA guideline. Articles published in the five major electronic databases up 1st of April 2021 were identified and reviewed. The primary outcome was in-hospital or 30-day mortality. Traditional pairwise and Bayesian network meta-analyses were conducted. Results Nine articles were included in this study. The use of Del Nido cardioplegia was associated with a lower volume of cardioplegia used (Del Nido vs Blood, 1105.62 mL+/-123.47 vs 2569.46 mL+/-1515.52, p<0.001), cardiopulmonary bypass (Del Nido vs Custoidol vs Blood: 91.67+/−14.78 vs 138.05 +/− 21.30 vs 119.38+/−26.91 minutes, p<0.001) and cross-clamp time (Del Nido vs Custoidol vs Blood: 74.99+/−18.55 vs 82.01 +/− 17.28 vs 93.66+/−8.88 minutes, p < 0.001). No differences were observed in the incidence of in-hospital/30-day mortality rate, new onset of atrial fibrillation and stroke. Ranking analysis showed the Custoidol solution has the highest probability to be the first ranked cardioplegia. Conclusion No differences were found between blood and crystalloid cardioplegia in adult minimally invasive cardiac surgery in several clinical outcomes. The cardioplegia of choice in minimally invasive cardiac surgery remains the surgeons’ decision and preference.