bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Similarity solutions for a magnetized supercritical accretion disc around a rotating object
Authors: Habibi Fahimeh 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT
The effect of toroidal magnetic fields on a supercritical accretion disc (slim disc) around a rotating object is examined. In this research, it is supposed that angular momentum transport is due to viscous turbulence and the α-prescription is used for the kinematic coefficient of viscosity. Moreover, the general relativistic effects are neglected. The degree of advection that demonstrates the fraction of energy that accretes by matter on to the central object is considered by f parameter. For the steady-state structure of such accretion flows, a set of self-similar solution is presented. Our solutions will include two important non-dimensional parameters β and a. β is the ratio of the magnetic pressure to the gas pressure, the so-called friction of magnetic pressure, which shows the magnetic field strength. The ratio of the angular velocities of the central body and the accretion flow is indicated by the rotating parameter a. The possible combined effects of magnetic field, spin of central object, and degree of advection are investigated. We also show the effect of rotating parameter a on the physical quantities of disc is different for co-rotating and counter-rotating flows. Moreover, by increasing the degree of advection and strength of magnetic field, the behaviour of the radial and angular velocities becomes reversed with respect to a. The model implies that the surface temperature, thickness, and luminosity of disc strongly depend on rotation parameter and strength of magnetic field.
Adjunctive Recombinant Human Plasma Gelsolin for Severe Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pneumonia
Authors: DiNubile Mark J , Parra Sandra , Salomó Antoni Castro , Levinson Susan L 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Background
Excessive inflammation contributes to the morbidity and mortality of severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia. Recombinant human plasma gelsolin (rhu-pGSN) improves disease outcomes in diverse experimental models of infectious and noninfectious inflammation.

Methods
In a blinded, randomized study, 61 subjects with documented COVID-19 pneumonia having a World Health Organization (WHO) Severity Score of 4 to 6 and evidence of a hyperinflammatory state were treated with standard care and either adjunctive rhu-pGSN 12 mg/kg or an equal volume of saline placebo given intravenously at entry, 12 hours, and 36 hours. The prespecified coprimary outcomes were survival without major respiratory, hemodynamic, or renal support on Day 14 and the incidence of serious adverse events (SAEs) during the 90-day study period.

Results
All subjects receiving ≥1 dose of study drug were analyzed. Fifty-four of 61 subjects (88.5%) were WHO severity level 4 at entry. The proportions of subjects alive without support on Day 14 were 25 of 30 rhu-pGSN recipients (83.3%) and 27 of 31 placebo recipients (87.1%). Over the duration of the study, WHO Severity Scores improved similarly in both treatment groups. No statistically significant differences were observed between treatment groups at any time point examined. Two subjects died in each group. Numerically fewer subjects in the rhu-pGSN group had SAEs (5 subjects; 16.7%) or ≥ Grade 3 adverse events (5 subjects; 16.7%) than in the placebo group (8 subjects [25.8%] and 9 subjects [29.0%], respectively), mostly involving the lungs. Three rhu-pGSN recipients (10.0%) were intubated compared to 6 placebo recipients (19.4%).

Conclusions
Overall, subjects in this study did well irrespective of treatment arm. When added to dexamethasone and remdesivir, no definitive benefit was demonstrated for rhu-pGSN relative to placebo. Safety signals were not identified after the administration of 3 doses of 12 mg/kg rhu-pGSN over 36 hours. The frequencies of SAEs and intubation were numerically fewer in the rhu-pGSN group compared with placebo.
Experimental Investigation of Trachydacite Magma Storage Prior to the 1257 Eruption of Mt Samalas
Authors: Voigt Annika , Cassidy Michael , Castro Jonathan M , Pyle David M , Mather Tamsin A , Helo Christoph , Abdurrachman Mirzam , Kurniawan Idham Andri 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The caldera-forming Samalas eruption of the Samalas–Rinjani volcanic complex on Lombok, Indonesia, in 1257 CE ranks as one of the most explosive and sulphur-rich eruptions of the past thousand years. Along with other significant events (e.g. Tambora 1815, El Chichón 1982), Samalas 1257 forms a class of powerful eruptions of magmas of intermediate alkaline composition, which remain relatively understudied. This study aims to better understand the pre-eruptive magma reservoir conditions and volatile storage capacities of intermediate alkaline systems, using the 1257 Samalas eruption as a case study. Systematic partial-equilibrium experiments were run to constrain potential magma reservoir conditions (25–200 MPa and 850–1000°C) by examining changes in the chemistry and textures of experimental glass and mineral products. Natural trachydacite pumice from the 1257 Samalas eruption was used as the experimental charge for a series of water-saturated experiments run in cold-seal pressure vessels, buffered at an oxygen fugacity ƒO2 of NNO/NNO + 1 log units. Assessing the match between natural and experimental glass compositions and mineral phases and textures reveals that pre-eruptive magma reservoir conditions were between 875°C and 930°C and ca. 100–150 MPa (4.5 ± 1km depth). Breakdown of experimental amphibole at pressures below 75 MPa, and plagioclase instability at 950°C/100 MPa, provide the strongest constraints on phase stabilities that are consistent with the magma storage region. In the observed temperature and pressure range, the natural compositions of plagioclase, amphibole and orthopyroxene are replicated in experimentally precipitated rims. Clinopyroxene and high anorthite plagioclase (An&gt;64) in the natural mineral assemblage could not be replicated in the experiments, implying that these compositions most likely did not grow in the shallow pre-eruptive reservoir of Mt Samalas. The pre-eruptive storage depths of trachydacite magma are significantly shallower than the postulated magma storage at the currently active basaltic-andesite magmatic system at Rinjani, and thus monitoring magma storage depth may be a useful indicator of changing magma composition in the future. Our findings show that highly explosive VEI 7 eruptions of intermediate alkaline magma can be fed from a relatively limited range of storage pressures (100–150 MPa), suggesting accumulation of magma in one place, rather than the rapid extraction of magma from a vertically extensive, transcrustal magma system.
ADP-ribosylation factor D1 modulates Golgi morphology, cell plate formation, and plant growth in Arabidopsis
Authors: Niu Fangfang , Ji Changyang , Liang Zizhen , Guo Rongfang , Chen Yixuan , Zeng Yonglun , Jiang Liwen 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
ADP-ribosylation factor (ARF) family proteins, one type of small guanine-nucleotide-binding (G) proteins, play a central role in regulating vesicular traffic and organelle structures in eukaryotes. The Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) genome contains more than 21 ARF proteins, but relatively little is known about the functional heterogeneity of ARF homologs in plants. Here, we characterized the function of a unique ARF protein, ARFD1B, in Arabidopsis. ARFD1B exhibited both cytosol and punctate localization patterns, colocalizing with a Golgi marker in protoplasts and transgenic plants. Distinct from other ARF1 homologs, overexpression of a dominant-negative mutant form of ARFD1B did not alter the localization of the Golgi marker mannosidase I (ManI)-RFP in Arabidopsis cells. Interestingly, the ARFD1 artificial microRNA knockdown mutant arfd1 displayed a deleterious growth phenotype, while this phenotype was restored in complemented plants. Further, confocal imaging and transmission electron microscopy analyses of the arfd1 mutant revealed defective cell plate formation and abnormal Golgi morphology. Pull-down and liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry analyses identified Coat Protein I (COPI) components as interacting partners of ARFD1B, and subsequent bimolecular fluorescence complementation, yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) two-hybrid, and co-immunoprecipitation assays further confirmed these interactions. These results demonstrate that ARFD1 is required for cell plate formation, maintenance of Golgi morphology, and plant growth in Arabidopsis.
FLT3 functional low-frequency variant rs76428106-C is associated with susceptibility to systemic sclerosis
Authors: Martínez-López Javier , Kerick Martin , Ortiz-Fernández Lourdes , Acosta-Herrera Marialbert , Márquez Ana , Martín Javier 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Objectives
rs76428106-C, a low frequency polymorphism that affects the splicing of the FLT3 gene, has recently been associated with several seropositive autoimmune diseases. Here, we aimed to evaluate the potential implication of rs76428106-C in the susceptibility to systemic sclerosis (SSc).

Methods
We analysed a total of 26 598 European ancestry individuals, 9063 SSc and 17 535 healthy controls, to test the association between FLT3 rs76428106-C and SSc and its different subphenotypes. Genotype data of rs76428106 were obtained by imputation of already available genome-wide association study data and analysed by logistic regression analysis.

Results
In accordance with that observed in other autoimmune disorders, the FLT3 rs76428106-C allele was significantly increased [P-value = 2.03 × 10−3, odds ratio (OR) = 1.34] in SSc patients compared with healthy controls. A similar risk effect was found when the main SSc clinical and serological subgroups were compared with controls. When comparing SSc patients with and without digital ulcers (DU), the rs76428106-C frequency was significantly increased in DU-positive SSc patients in comparison with DU-negative patients (P-value = 0.036, OR = 2.16).

Conclusion
This study is the first to report an association between rs76428176-C and SSc. Our results support the role of FLT3 as a relevant gene in seropositive immune-mediated diseases and a potential biomarker for SSc microangiopathy.
Homeostatic response to sleep deprivation and circadian rhythmicity are intact in older adults with insomnia
Authors: Tracy Eunjin Lee , Zhang Jun , Wilckens Kristine , Krafty Robert T , Hasler Brant P , Hall Martica H , Buysse Daniel J 
Published: July 2022

Abstract

Study Objectives
We examined whether homeostatic sleep drive and circadian rhythmicity differ in older adults with insomnia (OAI) compared to older good sleepers (GS).

Methods
OAI (n = 37) and GS (n = 30) participated in a 60-h in-lab study with sleep deprivation and constant routine paradigms. Homeostatic sleep drive was assessed by examining the effect of sleep deprivation on delta EEG power and theta EEG power, and repeated sleep latency tests. Circadian rhythm was assessed with salivary melatonin (phase and amplitude), core body temperature (phase, amplitude, and mesor), and sleep latency during a constant routine paradigm. Mixed models were used to assess interactions of group (OAS vs GS) with homeostatic sleep and circadian effects.

Results
Compared to GS, OAI showed a greater linear increase in waking theta power during sleep deprivation, but the two groups did not show differential responses to sleep deprivation in delta EEG, or in repeated sleep latency tests. The two groups did not differ in circadian phase or amplitude of melatonin or core body temperature rhythms. OAI had a significantly elevated core body temperature mesor compared to GS.

Conclusions
Homeostatic response to sleep deprivation was intact in OAI compared to GS; theta EEG power suggested a greater homeostatic response in OAI. Circadian rhythm amplitude and phase were similar in OAI compared to GS. Elevated body temperature mesor in OAI may indicate elevated physiological arousal. These findings suggest that effective treatments for insomnia in older adults may leverage intact sleep and circadian regulatory mechanisms, rather than repair defective sleep and circadian regulation.
Sleep spindle and slow wave activity in Parkinson disease with excessive daytime sleepiness
Authors: Schreiner Simon J , Werth Esther , Ballmer Leonie , Valko Philipp O , Schubert Kai M , Imbach Lukas L , Baumann Christian R , Maric Angelina , Baumann-Vogel Heide 
Published: July 2022

AbstractStudy ObjectivesExcessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) is a common and devastating symptom in Parkinson disease (PD), but surprisingly most studies showed that EDS is independent from nocturnal sleep disturbance measured with polysomnography. Quantitative electroencephalography (EEG) may reveal additional insights by measuring the EEG hallmarks of non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep, namely slow waves and spindles. Here, we tested the hypothesis that EDS in PD is associated with nocturnal sleep disturbance revealed by quantitative NREM sleep EEG markers.MethodsPatients with PD (n = 130) underwent polysomnography followed by spectral analysis to calculate spindle frequency activity, slow-wave activity (SWA), and overnight SWA decline, which reflects the dissipation of homeostatic sleep pressure. We used the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) to assess subjective daytime sleepiness and define EDS (ESS &gt; 10). All examinations were part of an evaluation for deep brain stimulation.ResultsPatients with EDS (n = 46) showed reduced overnight decline of SWA (p = 0.036) and reduced spindle frequency activity (p = 0.032) compared with patients without EDS. Likewise, more severe daytime sleepiness was associated with reduced SWA decline (ß= −0.24 p = 0.008) and reduced spindle frequency activity (ß= −0.42, p &lt; 0.001) across all patients. Reduced SWA decline, but not daytime sleepiness, was associated with poor sleep quality and continuity at polysomnography.ConclusionsOur data suggest that daytime sleepiness in PD patients is associated with sleep disturbance revealed by quantitative EEG, namely reduced overnight SWA decline and reduced spindle frequency activity. These findings could indicate that poor sleep quality, with incomplete dissipation of homeostatic sleep pressure, may contribute to EDS in PD.
A small slug from a tropical greenhouse reveals a new rathouisiid lineage with triaulic tritrematic genitalia (Gastropoda: Systellommatophora)
Authors: Manganelli Giuseppe , Lesicki Andrzej , Benocci Andrea , Barbato Debora , Miserocchi Danio , Pieńkowska Joanna R , Giusti Folco 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA small slug found in the tropical greenhouse of the Science Museum (MUSE) of Trento (Italy) turned out to be a species of the little-known systellommatophoran family Rathouisiidae. We undertook detailed comparative anatomical and molecular studies using specimens of the MUSE slug, Rathouisia sinensis, and sequences of other systellommatophoran species deposited in GenBank to conduct a systematic and phylogenetic assessment. Analysis of the genitalia of the MUSE slug and R. sinensis revealed an unusual triaulic tritrematic structure: two separate female ducts – one for egg release (oviduct), the other for intake of allosperm (vagina) – and a separate male duct for autosperm release. Analysis of the nucleotide sequences of several mitochondrial (COI, 16S rDNA) and nuclear (18S rDNA, ITS2 flanked by 5.8S and 28S rDNA fragments, H3) gene fragments supported assignation of the MUSE slug to Rathouisiidae, but also its distinction from the other rathouisiid genera Atopos, Granulilimax, Rathouisia and an undescribed genus from the Ryukyu Islands (Japan). Therefore, we decided to describe the MUSE slug as a new species in a new genus: Barkeriella museensis gen. et sp. nov. The species is certainly an alien introduced into the tropical greenhouse of MUSE, but its origin is unknown and calls for further investigation.
A New Technique for Breast Pocket Adjustment: Argon Beam Thermal Capsulorrhaphy
Authors: Awaida Cyril J. , Paek Laurence , Danino Michel Alain 
Published: July 2022

Summary:
Implant malposition remains one of the main complications of aesthetic breast augmentation and alloplastic breast reconstruction with expanders and implants. Many capsulorrhaphy techniques have been described to adjust the breast pocket and correct the malposition. In this study, we tested the efficacy of the argon beam coagulator (ABC) for lateral capsulorrhaphy on breast reconstruction patients at the time of expander replacement with a permanent implant. We also experimentally compared the effects of the ABC and the standard electrocautery on fragments of healthy breast capsule. We noted a 69.5% capsule shrinkage with the ABC versus 46.8% with the standard electrocautery. We concluded that breast capsulorrhaphy using the ABC is a safe and efficient technique for the correction of breast implant malposition in both reconstructive and aesthetic breast surgery.
AGE-RELATED RETENTIONAL AVASCULAR PIGMENT EPITHELIAL DETACHMENT VIEWED WITH INDOCYANINE GREEN ANGIOGRAPHY
Authors: Su Yongyue , Zhang Xiongze , Chen Ling , Li Miaoling , Gan Yuhong , Wen Feng 
Published: July 2022

Purpose:
Age-related scattered hypofluorescent spots on late-phase indocyanine green angiography (ASHS-LIA) might represent hydrophobic neutral lipid deposits in the Bruch membrane. This study aimed to report retentional avascular pigment epithelial detachment (PED) associated with ASHS-LIA.

Methods:
Patients aged ≥50 years who presented a single avascular serous PED without soft drusen or any other retinal or choroidal diseases were retrospectively included. Pigment epithelial detachment was classified as retentional, effusional, or mixed PED based on indocyanine green angiography. Multimodal images were qualitatively and quantitatively evaluated.

Results:
This study included 74 eyes of 57 patients. Retentional PED, effusional PED, and mixed PED accounted for 91.9%, 4.1%, and 4.1%, respectively. All PEDs were located in the macular region. Seventeen (29.8%) included patients had bilateral PEDs and all were retentional PEDs with a high level of bilateral consistency in the characteristics of PED and ASHS-LIA. All retentional PEDs were within the bounds of ASHS-LIA. The area of retentional PED increased with the ASHS-LIA grade (P = 0.030).

Conclusion:
Most age-related avascular serous PEDs are retentional PEDs. The location and area of retentional PEDs are consistent with the distribution of ASHS-LIA. These findings suggest that the hydrophobic neutral lipid deposits in the Bruch membrane might be involved in the pathogenesis and be a therapeutic target in age-related retentional avascular PED.
INTRAVITREAL ANTIVASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR FOR THE TREATMENT OF CHOROIDAL NEOVASCULARIZATION SECONDARY TO OCULAR HISTOPLASMOSIS
Authors: Dudenhoefer Nicholas E. , Noble Carl W. , Petersen Michael R. , Foster Robert E. , Riemann Christopher D. , Sisk Robert A. , Hutchins Robert K. , Miller Daniel M. 
Published: July 2022

Purpose:
To assess the long-term efficacy of intravitreal antivascular endothelial growth factor injections (IVI), alone or in combination with verteporfin photodynamic therapy (IVI/PDT), for management of choroidal neovascularization secondary to presumed ocular histoplasmosis syndrome (POHS).

Methods:
Retrospective, comparative, interventional case series analyzing 82 eyes in 74 patients treated with either IVI or IVI/PDT for presumed ocular histoplasmosis syndrome choroidal neovascularization from January 2006 to January 2021.

Results:
The average logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution VA in year 5 was 0.40 (20/50) and 0.52 (20/67) for IVI versus IVI/PDT groups, respectively (P = 0.33), and in year 10 was 0.53 (20/58) and 0.64 (20/86), respectively (P = 0.50). The average number of annual injections over the first 5 years of follow-up was 3.3 versus 1.7 for IVI versus IVI/PDT groups, respectively (P < 0.001), and over 10 years was 3.3 versus 1.6, respectively (P < 0.001). Treatment-free interval of 5 years was reached by 39% versus 60% in IVI versus IVI/PDT groups, respectively (P = 0.95).

Conclusion:
Our study found both IVI and IVI/PDT to be effective in long-term management of presumed ocular histoplasmosis syndrome choroidal neovascularization, with a fewer number of annual injections and longer treatment-free interval in the combination group. However, given the limitations of a retrospective study, a prospective randomized study is necessary to determine whether the addition of PDT significantly decreases treatment burden.
Prehospital Tranexamic Acid in Major Pediatric Trauma Within a Physician-Led Emergency Medical Services System: A Multicenter Retrospective Study
Authors: Gossiome Amaury , Claustre Clément , Fraticelli Laurie , Jacquet Landry , Bouchut Jean-Christophe , Javouhey Etienne , Courtil-Teyssedre Sonia , Taverna Xavier-Jean , David Jean-Stéphane , Mercier Eric , Tazarourte Karim , El Khoury Carlos , Benhamed Axel 
Published: July 2022

Objectives:
Describe prehospital tranexamic acid (TXA) use and appropriateness within a major trauma pediatric population, and identify the factors associated with its use.

Design:
Multicenter, retrospective study, 2014–2020.

Setting:
Data were extracted from a multicenter French trauma registry including nine trauma centers within a physician-led prehospital emergency medical services (EMS) system.

Patients:
Patients less than 18 years old were included. Those who did not receive prehospital intervention by a mobile medical team and those with missing data on TXA administration were excluded.

Interventions:
None.

Measurements and Main Results:
Nine-hundred thirty-four patients (median [interquartile range] age: 14 yr [9–16 yr]) were included, and 68.6% n = 639) were male. Most patients were involved in a road collision (70.2%, n = 656) and suffered a blunt trauma (96.5%; n = 900). Patients receiving TXA (36.6%; n = 342) were older (15 [13–17] vs 12 yr [6–16 yr]) compared with those who did not. Patient severity was higher in the TXA group (Injury Severity Score 14 [9–25] vs 6 [2–13]; p < 0.001). The median dosage was 16 mg/kg (13–19 mg/kg). TXA administration was found in 51.8% cases (n = 256) among patients with criteria for appropriate use. Conversely, 32.4% of patients (n = 11) with an isolated severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) also received TXA. Age (odds ratio [OR], 1.2; 95% CI, 1.1–1.2), A and B prehospital severity grade (OR, 7.1; 95% CI, 4.1–12.3 and OR, 4.5; 95% CI, 2.9–6.9 respectively), and year of inclusion (OR, 1.2; 95% CI, 1.1–1.3) were associated with prehospital TXA administration.

Conclusions:
In our physician-led prehospital EMS system, TXA is used in a third of severely injured children despite the lack of high-level of evidence. Only half of the population with greater than or equal to one criteria for appropriate TXA use received it. Conversely, TXA was administered in a third of isolated severe TBI. Further research is warranted to clarify TXA indications and to evaluate its impact on mortality and its safety profile to oversee its prescription.