bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metagenomics-resolved genomics provides novel insights into chitin turnover, metabolic specialization, and niche partitioning in the octocoral microbiome
Authors: Keller-Costa Tina , Kozma Lydia , Silva Sandra G. , Toscan Rodolfo , Gonçalves Jorge , Lago-Lestón Asunción , Kyrpides Nikos C. , Nunes da Rocha Ulisses , Costa Rodrigo 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe role of bacterial symbionts that populate octocorals (Cnidaria, Octocorallia) is still poorly understood. To shed light on their metabolic capacities, we examined 66 high-quality metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) spanning 30 prokaryotic species, retrieved from microbial metagenomes of three octocoral species and seawater.ResultsSymbionts of healthy octocorals were affiliated with the taxaEndozoicomonadaceae, CandidatusThioglobaceae,Metamycoplasmataceae, unclassifiedPseudomonadales,Rhodobacteraceae, unclassifiedAlphaproteobacteriaand Ca.Rhabdochlamydiaceae. Phylogenomics inference revealed that theEndozoicomonadaceaesymbionts uncovered here represent two species of a novel genus unique to temperate octocorals, here denoted Ca.Gorgonimonaseunicellaeand Ca.Gorgonimonasleptogorgiae. Their genomes revealed metabolic capacities to thrive under suboxic conditions and high gene copy numbers of serine-threonine protein kinases, type 3-secretion system, type-4 pili, and ankyrin-repeat proteins, suggesting excellent capabilities to colonize, aggregate, and persist inside their host. Contrarily, MAGs obtained from seawater frequently lacked symbiosis-related genes. AllEndozoicomonadaceaesymbionts harbored endo-chitinase and chitin-binging protein-encoding genes, indicating that they can hydrolyze the most abundant polysaccharide in the oceans. Other symbionts, includingMetamycoplasmataceaeand Ca.Thioglobaceae, may assimilate the smaller chitin oligosaccharides resulting from chitin breakdown and engage in chitin deacetylation, respectively, suggesting possibilities for substrate cross-feeding and a role for the coral microbiome in overall chitin turnover. We also observed sharp differences in secondary metabolite production potential between symbiotic lineages. SpecificProteobacteriataxa may specialize in chemical defense and guard other symbionts, includingEndozoicomonadaceae, which lack such capacity.ConclusionThis is the first study to recover MAGs from dominant symbionts of octocorals, including those of so-far unculturableEndozoicomonadaceae, Ca.ThioglobaceaeandMetamycoplasmataceaesymbionts. We identify a thus-far unanticipated, global role forEndozoicomonadaceaesymbionts of corals in the processing of chitin, the most abundant natural polysaccharide in the oceans and major component of the natural zoo- and phytoplankton feed of octocorals. We conclude that niche partitioning, metabolic specialization, and adaptation to low oxygen conditions among prokaryotic symbionts likely contribute to the plasticity and adaptability of the octocoral holobiont in changing marine environments. These findings bear implications not only for our understanding of symbiotic relationships in the marine realm but also for the functioning of benthic ecosystems at large.
Understanding Your Baby: protocol for a controlled parallel group study of a universal home-based educational program for first time parents
Authors: Væver Mette Skovgaard , Krogh Marianne Thode , Stuart Anne Christine , Madsen Eva Back , Haase Tina Wahl , Egmose Ida 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Infant mental health represents a significant public health issue. The transition to parenthood provides optimal opportunities for supporting parenting competence. Especially parental mentalization, i.e. the caregiver’s ability to notice and interpret the child’s behavior in terms of mental states, is important in infancy where the caregiver-infant communication is based solely on the infant’s behavioral cues.

Methods
This study evaluates the efficacy of the intervention Understanding Your Baby (UYB) compared to Care As Usual (CAU) in 10 Danish municipalities. UYB aims at promoting parental competence in new parents by supporting them in noticing their infants’ behavioral cues and interpreting them in terms of mental states. Participants will be approximately 1,130 singletons and their parents. Inclusion criteria are first-time parents, minimum 18 years old, living in one of the 10 municipalities, and registered in the Danish Civil Registration Register (CPR). Around 230 health visitors deliver the UYB as part of their routine observation of infant social withdrawal in the Danish home visiting program. During an interaction between the health visitor and the infant, the health visitor articulates specific infant behaviors and helps the caregivers interpret these behaviors to mental states. The study is a controlled parallel group study with data obtained at four time points in two phases: First in the control group receiving the publicly available postnatal care (CAU), secondly in the intervention group after UYB implementation into the existing postnatal services. The primary outcome is maternal competence. Secondary measures include paternal competence, parental stress, parental mentalizing, and infant socioemotional development. Analysis will employ survey data and data from the health visitors’ register.

Discussion
Results will provide evidence regarding the efficacy of UYB in promoting parenting competences. If proved effective, the study will represent a notable advance to initiating the UYB intervention as part of a better infant mental health strategy in Denmark. Conversely, if UYB is inferior to CAU, this is also important knowledge in regard to promoting parenting competence and infant mental health in a general population.

Trial registrationhttps://ClinicalTrials.gov with ID no. NCT03991416. Registered at 19 June 2019—Retrospectively registered, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03991416
The safe removal of a superior mediastinal foreign body by mediastinoscopy: a case report
Authors: Sakuma Takashi , Tamura Tatsuro , Nambara Mikio , Gyobu Ken , Yoshii Mami , Toyokawa Takahiro , Lee Shigeru , Tanaka Hiroaki , Muguruma Kazuya , Yashiro Masakazu , Ohira Masaichi , Maeda Kiyoshi 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Mediastinal foreign bodies might cause mediastinal organ injury or mediastinal abscess. The prompt removal surgery of mediastinal foreign bodies is needed to prevent those complications. We report a case in which a mediastinal foreign body was removed by video-mediastinoscopy.

Case presentation
The patient, a 74-year-old man with a chief complaint of hoarseness, was referred to our department for surgical management of a wooden foreign body that had traumatically migrated into the superior mediastinum. During the surgery, the video-mediastinoscopy was introduced under the pneumomediastinal pressure. We could dissect the scar tissue and remove the azalea tree branch safely and carefully, without damaging the other mediastinal organs. He was discharged on postoperative day 5, with no complications.

Conclusions
Video-mediastinoscopic approach under pneumomediastinal pressure is minimally invasive and could provide wide surgical view. Therefore, we consider it useful and effective for removal of foreign bodies in the mediastinum.
Risk factors associated with sickle cell retinopathy: findings from the Cooperative Study of Sickle Cell Disease
Authors: Nawaiseh Mohammed , Roto Allaa , Nawaiseh Yara , Salameh Mohammad , Haddadin Rund , Mango Lana , Nawaiseh Hussam , Alsaraireh Doha , Nawaiseh Qais , AlRyalat Saif Aldeen , Alwreikat Amer , Ramsey David J. , Abu-Yaghi Nakhleh 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundSickle cell retinopathy (SCR) is one of the most important ocular manifestations of sickle cell disease (SCD). This study aims to assess the prevalence of SCR in SCD, identify risk factors for its development and progression to proliferative sickle cell retinopathy (PSCR), and evaluate the potential implications of these results on clinical practice.MethodsThis research is a secondary analysis of patients diagnosed with SCD from the epidemiological, multicenter Cooperative Study of Sickle Cell Disease (CSSCD). We included all patients who completed a full ophthalmic evaluation. We identified clinical and laboratory SCD characteristics associated with SCR using multivariate logistic regression models. Proliferative sickle cell retinopathy (PSCR) was diagnosed according to the Goldberg classification system.ResultsOf the 1904 study participants with SCD who met the inclusion criteria, 953 (50.1%) had retinopathy; of which 642 (67.3%) had bilateral disease. SCR was associated with older age (p < 0.001), history of smoking (p = 0.001), hematuria (p = 0.050), and a lower hemoglobin F (HbF) level (p < 0.001). PSCR risk increased with smoking (p = 0.005), older age (p < 0.001) higher hemoglobin level (p < 0.001) and higher white blood cell count (p = 0.011). Previous blood transfusion (p = 0.050), higher reticulocyte count (p = 0.019) and higher HbF level (p < 0.001) were protective factors against the development of PSCR. Ocular symptoms were associated with progression to PSCR in patients with SCR (p = 0.021).ConclusionIn this cohort of individuals with SCD, half of the participants had signs of SCR. Smoking and blood hemoglobin level were the two modifiable risk factors associated with increased retinopathy progression. Screening to identify the different stages of retinopathy, actively promoting smoking cessation, and optimizing the hematological profile of patients with SCD should guide treatment protocols designed to prevent the vision-threatening complications of the disease.
Numerical simulations of noisy quantum circuits for computational chemistry
Authors: Wright Jerimiah , Gowrishankar Meenambika , Claudino Daniel , Lotshaw Phillip C. , Nguyen Thien , McCaskey Alexander J. , Humble Travis S. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe opportunities afforded by near-term quantum computers to calculate the ground-state properties of small molecules depend on the structure of the computational ansatz as well as the errors induced by device noise. Here we investigate the behavior of these noisy quantum circuits using numerical simulations to estimate the accuracy and fidelity of the prepared quantum states relative to the ground truth obtained by conventional means. We implement several different types of ansatz circuits derived from unitary coupled cluster theory for the purposes of estimating the ground-state energy of sodium hydride using the variational quantum eigensolver algorithm. We show how relative error in the energy and the fidelity scale with the levels of gate-based noise, the internuclear configuration, the ansatz circuit depth, and the parameter optimization methods.
Kat-ARC accelerated 4D flow CMR: clinical validation for transvalvular flow and peak velocity assessment
Authors: Assadi Hosamadin , Uthayachandran Bhalraam , Li Rui , Wardley James , Nyi Tha H. , Grafton-Clarke Ciaran , Swift Andrew J. , Solana Ana Beatriz , Aben Jean-Paul , Thampi Kurian , Hewson David , Sawh Chris , Greenwood Richard , Hughes Marina , Kasmai Bahman , Zhong Liang , Flather Marcus , Vassiliou Vassilios S. , Garg Pankaj 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
To validate the k-adaptive-t autocalibrating reconstruction for Cartesian sampling (kat-ARC), an exclusive sparse reconstruction technique for four-dimensional (4D) flow cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) using conservation of mass principle applied to transvalvular flow.

Methods
This observational retrospective study (2020/21-075) was approved by the local ethics committee at the University of East Anglia. Consent was waived. Thirty-five patients who had a clinical CMR scan were included. CMR protocol included cine and 4D flow using Kat-ARC acceleration factor 6. No respiratory navigation was applied. For validation, the agreement between mitral net flow (MNF) and the aortic net flow (ANF) was investigated. Additionally, we checked the agreement between peak aortic valve velocity derived by 4D flow and that derived by continuous-wave Doppler echocardiography in 20 patients.

Results
The median age of our patient population was 63 years (interquartile range [IQR] 54–73), and 18/35 (51%) were male. Seventeen (49%) patients had mitral regurgitation, and seven (20%) patients had aortic regurgitation. Mean acquisition time was 8 ± 4 min. MNF and ANF were comparable: 60 mL (51−78) versus 63 mL (57−77), p = 0.310). There was an association between MNF and ANF (rho = 0.58, p < 0.001). Peak aortic valve velocity by Doppler and 4D flow were comparable (1.40 m/s, [1.30−1.75] versus 1.46 m/s [1.25−2.11], p = 0.602) and also correlated with each other (rho = 0.77, p < 0.001).

Conclusions
Kat-ARC accelerated 4D flow CMR quantified transvalvular flow in accordance with the conservation of mass principle and is primed for clinical translation.
Tandem bullets: case report and ballistic analysis
Authors: Passalacqua Pierluigi , Pallocci Margherita , De Luca Lucilla , Zanovello Claudia , Sacchetti Giulio , Treglia Michele 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
In forensic ballistics, the phenomenon of tandem bullets occurs when two or more bullets are ejected from the barrel of a firearm in a single shot. The injuries caused by these bullets have been described in the literature and include several possibilities, whose severity seems to be especially related to the mass increase of the exploded cartridges and to the distance at which the shots are fired, as a result of the sudden drop in kinetic energy that occurs.

Case presentation
We report the case of a subject hit by a tandem bullet, during an attempted robbery, describing the injury reported in relation to the ballistic analysis of the case and examining the dynamics in which this circumstance occurred.

Conclusions
The ballistic analysis conducted in our case confirmed that the harmful potential of “tandem bullets” is inversely correlated to the mass of the fired bullets. In our case, the exploded shot, consisting of two 38 Special caliber bullets fused together, hit the body of the subject involved with minimal kinetic energy and penetrating potential. We believe that further ballistic studies should be conducted on a cadaveric model by exploiting cadaveric donation programs for scientific research purposes, in order to investigate the wide spectrum of possible injuries that can occur, also simulating the effects of unjacketed tandem bullets.
Comparing different doses of dexmedetomidine in attenuating extubation response in chronic smokers undergoing total extraperitoneal laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair: a randomized prospective study
Authors: Singha Dheeraj , Thakur Aman , Guleria Aryan , Chaudhary Vivek , Singh Jai , Sharma Abhishek 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
During the process of emergence from general anesthesia, tracheal extubation is a very critical step. Tracheal extubation is not just a reversal of intubation, as during extubation we encounter a change of state from controlled conditions to an uncontrolled environment. We have aimed our study at evaluating the attenuating effect on the extubation response using three different doses of dexmedetomidine on patients who are smokers and undergoing total extraperitoneal laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair under general anesthesia. This randomized, controlled, triple-blinded study included 90 smokers aged between 40 and 60 years. These patients were randomized to receive dexmedetomidine 0.5 μg/kg (group A), 0.75 μg/kg (group B), and 1 μg/kg (group C) prepared as a 10 ml infusion started 10 min before patients were extubated. Extubation quality, hemodynamic changes, oxygen saturation, sedation, and postoperative complications were evaluated.

Results
The extubation quality became better, sedation and incidence of bradycardia in the post-operative period increased with a higher dose of dexmedetomidine. Attenuation of hemodynamic parameters was observed after 4 min of starting infusion and during extubation in each group and was found to be significant (P < 0.001).

Conclusions
It was concluded that dexmedetomidine when used at a dose of 0.75 μg/kg provided excellent extubation conditions with stable hemodynamic parameters in chronic smokers with minimal sedation and no other adverse effects.
Semi-quantitative analysis of cannabinoids in hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) using gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry
Authors: De Prato Luca , Timmins Matthew , Ansari Omid , Ruthrof Katinka X. , Hardy Giles E. St. J. , Howieson John , O’Hara Graham 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) is a producer of cannabinoids. These organic compounds are of increasing interest due to their potential applications in the medicinal field. Advances in analytical methods of identifying and quantifying these molecules are needed.

Method
This study describes a new method of cannabinoid separation from plant material using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) as the analytical tool to detect low abundance cannabinoids that will likely have implications for future therapeutical treatments. A novel approach was adopted to separate trichomes from plant material to analyse cannabinoids of low abundance not observed in raw plant extract. Required plant sample used for analysis was greatly reduced compared to other methods. Derivatisation method was simplified and deconvolution software was utilised to recognise unknown cannabinoid compounds of low abundance.

Results
The method produces well-separated spectra and allows the detection of major and minor cannabinoids. Ten cannabinoids that had available standards could be identified and quantified and numerous unidentified cannabinoids or pathway intermediates based on GC-MS spectra similarities could be extracted and analysed simultaneously with this method.

Conclusions
This is a rapid novel extraction and analytical method from plant material that can identify major and minor cannabinoids using a simple technique. The method will be of use to future researchers seeking to study the multitude of cannabinoids whose values are currently not understood.
Perception, awareness, and attitude toward digital dentistry among pre-dental students: an observational survey
Authors: Sharab Lina , Adel Mohamed , Abualsoud Rahaf , Hall Brandi , Albaree Suheil , de Leeuw Reny , Kutkut Ahmad 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Pre-dental students’ perception and awareness about current technology in dentistry can influence their motivation and maturity during the learning experience and affect their dental education outcome. This observational survey aimed to examine pre-dental student's cognitive and behavioral traits as perception measures toward digital dentistry. The survey covered areas that the authors believed to impact dental education and future investments in institutional decision making. The survey was distributed over all pre-dental students representing two US dental schools in the state of Kentucky. The survey included four main categories: (1) career vision, (2) perception of digital dentistry, (3) prior knowledge of digital dentistry, and (4) personal intelligence.

Results
The feedback was positive toward the future use of digital dentistry. The findings are discussed in light of the implications of pre-dental students' perception to support teaching and learning in dental education.

Conclusions
Despite the expected enthusiasm of pre-dental students toward digital technology, the results highlight the need to emphasize structured self-learning, self-evaluation, and a deeper understanding of research within the dental curricula.
On solution and perturbation estimates for the nonlinear matrix equation $$X-A^{*}e^{X}A=I$$
Authors: Chacha Chacha S. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis work incorporates an efficient inversion free iterative scheme into Newton’s method to solve Newton’s step regardless of the singularity of the Fr$${\acute{\text {e}}}$$

e
´

chet derivative. The proposed iterative scheme is constructed by extending the idea of the foundational form of the conjugate gradient method. Moreover, the resulting scheme is refined and employed to obtain a symmetric solution of the nonlinear matrix equation $$X-A^{*}e^{X}A=I.$$

X
-

A

∗

e
X

A
=
I
.

Furthermore, explicit expressions for the perturbation and residual bound estimates of the approximate positive definite solution are derived. Finally, five numerical case studies provided confirm both the preciseness of theoretical results and the effectiveness of the propounded iterative method.
Exercise training and cardiac autonomic function following coronary artery bypass grafting: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Kushwaha Purnima , Moiz Jamal Ali , Mujaddadi Aqsa 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundExercise training improves cardiac autonomic function is still debatable in patients with coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). The aim of the present review is to assess the effect of exercise on CABG patient’s heart rate variability (HRV) and heart rate recovery (HRR) parameters.Main bodyDatabases (PubMed, Web of Science and PEDro) were accessed for systematic search from inception till May 2022. Eleven potential studies were qualitatively analyzed by using PEDro and eight studies were included in the quantitative synthesis. Meta-analysis was conducted by using a random-effect model, inverse-variance approach through which standardized mean differences (SMDs) were estimated. The analysis of pooled data showed that exercise training improved HRV indices of standard deviation of the R–R intervals (SDNN) [SMD 0.44, 95% CI 0.17, 0.71,p = 0.002], square root of the mean squared differences between adjacent R–R intervals (RMSSD) [SMD 0.68, 95% CI 0.28, 1.08,p = 0.0008], high frequency (HF) [SMD 0.58, 95% CI 0.18, 0.98,p = 0.005] and low frequency-to-high frequency (LF/HF) ratio [SMD − 0.34, 95% CI − 0.65, − 0.02,p = 0.03].ConclusionsExercise training enhances cardiac autonomic function in CABG patients. Owing to the methodological inconsistencies in assessing HRV, the precise effect on autonomic function still remains conflicted. Future high-quality trials are needed focusing on precise methodological approach and incorporation of various types of exercise training interventions will give clarity regarding autonomic adaptations post-exercise training in CABG.Trial registrationCRD42021230270, February 19, 2021.
Presence of peritumoral edema on T2w MRI: a poor non-invasive prognostic marker in breast cancer patients
Authors: Kushvaha Suchana , Renganathan Rupa 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
The purpose of the study was to assess the correlation between peritumoral edema (PE) seen on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in breast cancer and the established pathological prognostic factors like tumor histology and molecular subtype, grade, Ki67 index, lymphovascular invasion (LVI) and nodal stage. The breast MRI and pathological data of post-surgery specimen of 126 breast cancer patients over a period of 18 months were retrospectively studied. Those who received neoadjuvant therapy, had non-invasive, locally advanced, inflammatory and bilateral breast cancers were excluded. Patients were divided into two groups based on finding of peritumoral edema on T2w MRI images: Group A with PE (n = 88) and Group B without PE (n = 38). Pathological results for the two groups were analyzed and compared using Chi square test. p values of < .05 were considered as significant.

Results
Statistically significant correlation was found between the PE and molecular subtype (p value of < .01), high grade (p value of .001) and High Ki-67 index (p value of .001). No significant correlation was present for the histological type and LVI pathological nodal stage (pN).

Conclusions
We concluded that presence of PE on MRI is associated with poor pathological prognostic factors in breast cancer. It can serve as an additional non-invasive marker to assess prognosis in breast cancer patients especially in those receiving neoadjuvant therapy where the whole tumor may not be available for pathological analysis post-therapy.