bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pharmacokinetics and pharmacokinetic interactions of orally administered oxfendazole and oxyclozanide tablet formulation to sheep
Authors: Ozdemir Kutahya Zeynep , Kandir Sinan , Eser Faki Hatice , Uney Kamil , Tras Bunyamin , Celik Mehmet , Torun Osman 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe combination of oxfendazole and oxyclozanide is used to provide activity against fluke and gastrointestinal nematodes. This study aimed to determine both the pharmacokinetics of oxfendazole (7.5 mg/kg) and oxyclozanide (15 mg/kg) tablet formulation administered orally to sheep and whether there is a pharmacokinetic interaction between these two drugs. The study was conducted in a three‐period, crossover pharmacokinetic design and on six healthy Awassi sheep 1–3 years of age. The plasma concentrations of oxfendazole and its metabolites (fenbendazole and fenbendazole sulphone) and oxyclozanide were determined by high‐performance liquid chromatography using an ultraviolet detector. Compounds recovered in plasma when oxfendazole was administered alone or combined with oxyclozanide were oxfendazole, fenbendazole sulphone, and fenbendazole, respectively. When oxfendazole was administered alone and co‐administered with oxyclozanide, the AUCFBZ/AUCOFZ was 0.26 and 0.23, respectively, and the AUCFBZSO2/AUCOFZ was 0.35 and 0.32, respectively. The volume of distribution (Vz/F) of oxfendazole was large in both groups. Oxyclozanide did not change the plasma disposition of oxfendazole. When the oxyclozanide tablet formulation was administered alone, the elimination half‐life (21.35 h) and the Vz/F (940.17 ml/kg) were long and large, respectively. The area under the curve (AUC) and the maximum plasma concentration of oxyclozanide were significantly larger and higher, respectively, in the oxyclozanide plus oxfendazole group (1146.61 h × μg/ml and 29.80 μg/ml) compared with the oxyclozanide group (491.44 h × μg/ml and 14.24 μg/ml) while a significant decrease in apparent Vz/F (940.17 vs 379.14 ml/kg) and total clearance (30.52 vs 13.08 ml/h/kg) was detected. In conclusion, co‐administration with oxfendazole causing an increase in the plasma profile of oxyclozanide may increase the antiparasitic activity of oxyclozanide.
Covid‐19‐related ruminations: A qualitative study based on the perspectives of the cancer survivors
Authors: Üzar‐Özçetin Yeter Sinem , Öcalan Sinem 
Published: October 2022

AbstractCancer survivors can develop repetitive ruminations due to the unexpected and challenging effects of Covid‐19. This qualitative descriptive design study aimed to comprehend the Covid‐19‐related ruminations from the subjective perspective of cancer survivors (n = 33), accessed via online Facebook self‐help groups of a cancer association. A semi‐structured interview guide was used for data collection followed by systematic analysis. Based on the descriptive analysis of the data, three main themes emerged—“Welcome to my life,” “Cancer versus Covid‐19,” and “Fight versus lose”—based on cancer survivors’ experience and having two subthemes each. The findings suggested that cancer survivors have many ruminations about cancer and the pandemic. Their ruminations were mainly concerned with the possibility of suffering from cancer again and catching Covid‐19. Nonetheless, participants also had positive cognitions that they could overcome the pandemic as they have previously beat cancer. The findings may also offer a promising resource for nurses to understand the ruminations of cancer survivors and develop novel approaches and interventions to help cancer survivors replace their intrusive ruminations with deliberate ones.
Imaging Diagnosis: Thoracic radiographic features of toxoplasmosis in a 14‐month‐old Red Kangaroo (Macropus rufus)
Authors: Lehman Kathleen , Cohen Eli B. , Ozawa Sarah M. , Keeney Caitlin Hepps , Sommer Samantha 
Published: October 2022

AbstractA privately owned 14‐month‐old intact female red kangaroo (Macropus rufus) was presented for acute onset respiratory distress and lethargy. On presentation, the kangaroo was laterally recumbent, tachypneic, dyspneic, lethargic, and obtunded. Thoracic radiographs revealed a severe diffuse mixed pulmonary pattern (alveolar pattern superimposed on a bronchial pattern) and subjective mild generalized cardiomegaly. Due to the severity of clinical signs and grave prognosis, euthanasia was elected. Postmortem examination was consistent with systemic toxoplasmosis. Histopathology and immunohistochemistry staining on infected tissues confirmed Toxoplasma gondii. This is the first published report of radiographic findings for confirmed toxoplasmosis in a red kangaroo or marsupial.
Comparison of two postoperative complication grading systems after treatment of stifle and shoulder instability in 68 dogs
Authors: Barrett Faolain M. , Bleedorn Jason A. , Hutcheson Kyle D. , Torres Bryan T. , Fox Derek B. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjective(1) To adapt and apply the Clavien–Dindo (aCD) postoperative complication grading system to dogs experiencing complications following a single orthopedic procedure. (2) To compare the reliability of the Clavien–Dindo system to the Cook complication grading system.Study designRetrospective study.Sample populationSixty‐eight client‐owned dogs.MethodsScenarios derived from complications following TightRope stabilization of the stifle and shoulder were graded by four ACVS‐boarded surgeons using two systems; the Cook 3‐point scale and the aCD 5‐point scale. Because the aCD system distinguishes complications from outcomes (“sequelae” or “failure to cure”), two data sets were created: one with (n = 76) and without (n = 67) inclusion of “sequelae” and “failure to cure” cases. Interobserver reliability was evaluated using intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) calculations.ResultsSeventy‐six scenarios from 68 records were evaluated. The ICC of the aCD system was 0.620 consistent with moderate reliability. The reliability of the Cook system was good, with an ICC of 0.848. Exclusion of cases with “sequelae” or “failure to cure” resulted in excellent reliability of the aCD system (ICC = 0.975) and good reliability of the Cook systems (ICC = 0.857).ConclusionThe aCD grading system was less reliable than the Cook system when evaluating all cases but more reliable when evaluating cases of complications excluding “sequelae” and “failures to cure”.Clinical significanceThe Cook grading system is reliably good in grading postoperative complications in dogs. The aCD system can also be used to assess postoperative complications with excellent reliability but is less reliable when distinguishing complications from other postoperative outcomes.
A Novel Platform Orientation System for Proportional-Integral-Derivative-Controlled Ball-Catching Robot
Authors: Arif Tariq M. , McKay Stockton , Conklin Benjamin 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Ball catching by a robot is one of the challenging and complex control tasks that is extensively studied to achieve human-like skills in robots. Over the last decade, several ball-catching robot designs have attained benchmarks in visual tracking and control algorithms. However, the coordination between the ball’s path tracking and the robot’s motion planning remains highly sensitive to environmental parameter changes. In general, ball-catching robots require a noise-free background with good lighting and multiple off-board tracking cameras. Also, a common failing point of these systems is the short flight time (or high-speed) of the ball and the uncertainties of throwing direction. To address these issues, in this study, we propose a ball-catching platform system that can rapidly orient the platform towards the throwing direction by utilizing two onboard cameras with multi-threading. A graphical user interface platform has been developed to implement the orientation algorithm and mask the ball with high accuracy. Our experimental results show that the proposed orientation platform system can be used in a low-light noisy background, and the overall ball-catching rate increases from 50% to 90% compared to the baseline design. The new system can also avoid erratic platform movements when masking is done in a noisy environment.
Film Cooling in the Cutback for Trailing Edge With Different Incident Angles
Authors: Du Wei , Luo Lei , Wang Songtao , Jiao Yinghou , Sunden Bengt 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The cutback film cooling was important to decrease the trailing edge temperature and prolong the working life of gas turbines. Many investigations concerning cutback film cooling have already been done. However, only a few papers involve the influence of incident angle on the film cooling effectiveness (η) at the trailing region. In this work, detached eddy simulation (DES) is applied to calculate the η near the cutback region for different incident angles. Five different incident angles (0 deg, 5 deg, 10 deg, 15 deg, and 20 deg) and three blowing ratios (0.2, 0.8, and 1.25) are considered. The flow structure, temperature distribution, and η characteristics are analyzed in detail. Results imply that the incident angle changes the flow structure notably. As the incident angle increases, the separation region is suppressed, but the η was changed nonlinearly. At the low blowing ratio, the incident angle mainly affects the η near the slot. However, the incident angle changes the η downstream of the slot exit under a high blowing ratio. When the blowing ratio becomes large, the η near the centerline becomes larger.
Quantitative Comparison of Life Cycle Assessments of Advanced Recycling Technologies for End-of-Life Plastics
Authors: Creadore Lauren T. , Castaldi Marco J. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
There is growing urgency to both increase plastic recycling rates and reduce the impact of plastic waste on the environment. Mechanical recycling rates for plastics in the United States have only slightly increased from 6% to 9% between 2000 and 2015 and have plateaued near 9% despite continued efforts to increase the rate. Therefore, evaluation of additional options that can increase recycling rates must occur to establish a comprehensive approach to keeping used plastics in the economy. The advanced recycling (AR) technologies analyzed in this paper have the capability to address the unrecycled plastics, representing a viable future path that can improve the plastic recycling rate and reduce resource use and environmental impacts. A rigorous quantitative assessment has been done of a subset of recent life cycle assessments (LCAs) resulting in thirteen LCAs being selected using criteria based on processing capacity and technology readiness level. Comparisons across those LCAs resulted in a quantitative greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reduction ranging from −267% to 566% with the implementation of AR technologies. Specifically, mixed plastic (MP) streams converted to polyolefins via pyrolysis produced 185% less carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2eq) emissions compared to conversion to energy for heat and power production. Alternatively, MP processed via pyrolysis produced 267% more CO2eq emissions than landfilling. Importantly, 30 other comparative scenarios were presented by the chosen LCAs as sensitivity analyses, with GHG emissions similarly ranging from increases to reductions, with the preponderance of the data indicating reductions. The various impact categories assessed, in addition to GHG emissions, for the AR technologies ranged from favorable, with the pyrolysis of MP offering a 97% reduction in fossil depletion compared to waste to energy, to unfavorable with the pyrolysis of MP offering a 400% increase in fine particulate matter compared to 30% municipal solid waste incineration and 70% refuse-derived fuel.
Descriptor Aided Bayesian Optimization for Many-Level Qualitative Variables With Materials Design Applications
Authors: Iyer Akshay , Yerramilli Suraj , Rondinelli James M. , Apley Daniel W. , Chen Wei 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Engineering design often involves qualitative and quantitative design variables, which requires systematic methods for the exploration of these mixed-variable design spaces. Expensive simulation techniques, such as those required to evaluate optimization objectives in materials design applications, constitute the main portion of the cost of the design process and underline the need for efficient search strategies—Bayesian optimization (BO) being one of the most widely adopted. Although recent developments in mixed-variable Bayesian optimization have shown promise, the effects of dimensionality of qualitative variables have not been well studied. High-dimensional qualitative variables, i.e., with many levels, impose a large design cost as they typically require a larger dataset to quantify the effect of each level on the optimization objective. We address this challenge by leveraging domain knowledge about underlying physical descriptors, which embody the physics of the underlying physical phenomena, to infer the effect of unobserved levels that have not been sampled yet. We show that physical descriptors can be intuitively embedded into the latent variable Gaussian process approach—a mixed-variable GP modeling technique—and used to selectively explore levels of qualitative variables in the Bayesian optimization framework. This physics-informed approach is particularly useful when one or more qualitative variables are high dimensional (many-level) and the modeling dataset is small, containing observations for only a subset of levels. Through a combination of mathematical test functions and materials design applications, our method is shown to be robust to certain types of incomplete domain knowledge and significantly reduces the design cost for problems with high-dimensional qualitative variables.
When Do Concurrent Design Facilities Need to Be Flexible? Understanding the Limits of Fit With Novel Problem Types
Authors: Szajnfarber Zoe , Joseph Nikolai , Gralla Erica 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Concurrent design facilities hold the promise of shorter design cycles with efficient cross-disciplinary integration. However, when an atypical design problem is encountered, the standard organization may be a poor fit to solve it, resulting in problems during the design process. This study examines the extent to which different types of novelty in design problems lead to poor fit with a standard organization, with implications for design process performance. We use an empirical study of a NASA concurrent design team to identify common perturbations in design problems, then a computational simulation to examine their effect on fit. The findings suggest that perturbations localized to one or a few designers are manageable within standard structures, but those with diffuse impacts may generate difficult-to-predict issues in the design process. These results suggest when concurrent design facilities can accommodate novel design problems and when they may need to adapt their design approaches.
New take on the post-take ward round: a quality improvement project undertaken in a district general hospital
Authors: Galloway Georgia Kate , Choudhury Sarah Nahin 
Published: October 2022

A patient’s first encounter with a consultant clinician, known as the post-take ward round (PTWR), is a pivotal encounter at the start of their hospital journey. It is a chance for a review of history, examination and investigations, formulation of preliminary diagnosis and management plan. High-quality patient care is reliant on effective communication of clinical information between teams, and the PTWR record is an integral part of this handover of information across different clinicians, medical teams and wards.Consensus of consultant opinion allowed for the formation of a standard against which the quality of PTWR documentation could be measured. This project aimed to assess and improve compliance with the devised standard.Following a survey of referrals made to the medical team after the move to electronic record keeping, it was found that important information was being missed from PTWR records. For example, of the 446 records analysed, only 34% had a documented potential discharge date (PDD) and 20% had a documented escalation plan. Analysis showed overall compliance to core criteria was 63%.Several changes within the department of acute medicine were trialled, including the introduction of a checklist, prompt cards for clinical staff to carry and finally the implementation of an electronic form for PTWR records.Over the course of several cycles of data collection, compliance with core criteria improved from 63% to 86%. Most notably, improvement was seen in documentation of social history (42%–87%), frailty score (0%–63%), PDD (41%–81%) and escalation plan (21%–66%).This work demonstrates the value of development of a standard for PTWR documentation, and of a proforma. The actions taken in this hospital may be of benefit to other medical departments.
Aligning work-as-imagined and work-as-done using FRAM on a hospital ward: a roadmap
Authors: Tresfon Jaco , Brunsveld-Reinders Anja H , van Valkenburg David , Langeveld Kirsten , Hamming Jaap 
Published: October 2022

IntroductionModern safety approaches in healthcare differentiate between daily practice (work-as-done) and the written rules and guidelines (work-as-imagined) as a means to further develop patient safety. Research in this area has shown case study examples, but to date lacks hooking points as to how results can be embedded within the studied context. This study uses Functional Analysis Resonance Method (FRAM) for aligning work-as-imagined with the work-as-done. The aim of this study is to show how FRAM can effectively be applied to identify the gap between work prescriptions and practice, while subsequently showing how such findings can be transferred back to, and embedded in, the daily ward care process of nurses.MethodsThis study was part of an action research performed among ward nurses on a 38 bed neurological and neurosurgical ward within a tertiary referral centre. Data was collected through document analysis, in-field observations, interviews and group discussions. FRAM was used as an analysis tool to model the prescribed working methods, actual practice and the gap between those two in the use of physical restraints on the ward.ResultsThis study was conducted in four parts. In the exploration phase, work-as-imagined and work-as-done were mapped. Next, a gap between the concerns named in the protocol and the actual employed methods of dealing with physical restraint on the ward was identified. Subsequently, alignment efforts led to the co-construction of a new working method with the ward nurses, which was later embedded in quality efforts by a restraint working group on the ward.ConclusionThe use of FRAM proved to be very effective in comparing work-as-done with work-as-imagined, contributing to a better understanding, evaluation and support of everyday performance in a ward care setting.
Blast damage zone influence on groundwater fluxes through backfilled open pits
Authors: Rousseau Moïse , Pabst Thomas 
Published: October 2022

The blast damage zone (BDZ) surrounding backfilled pits could significantly influence groundwater flow, increase flowrate through backfilled wastes, and potentially increase the dispersion of contaminants to the environment. A conceptual model of the fracture network of the BDZ was first proposed, which consisted of circular fracture oriented along the pit walls, and with a decreasing density with the distance to it. Realistic model parameters were also estimated based on the literature; BDZ equivalent permeability was analytically derived and used in 3D numerical models of conic open pits considering different backfilling scenarios. A total of 16 500 BDZ models were generated to assess the general influence of the BDZ on the flow and the influence of each parameter (fracture trace and attenuation length and fracture radius, aperture, and anisotropy). Results showed that the BDZ generally contributes to reduce (up to three orders of magnitude) the groundwater flow through backfilled tailings, but contributes to increase (by up to 250%) the flow in backfilled waste rocks, especially for wide and fractured BDZ in small pits. This study therefore suggests that the BDZ could be a self-sufficient containment structure to limit contaminant transports from backfilled tailings to the environment, but increases the risk considering waste rock.
Comparing equivalent gravities: common features and differences
Authors: Capozziello Salvatore , De Falco Vittorio , Ferrara Carmen 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe discuss equivalent representations of gravity in the framework of metric-affine geometries pointing out basic concepts from where these theories stem out. In particular, we take into account tetrads and spin connection to describe the so called Geometric Trinity of Gravity. Specifically, we consider General Relativity, constructed upon the metric tensor and based on the curvature R; Teleparallel Equivalent of General Relativity, formulated in terms of torsion T and relying on tetrads and spin connection; Symmetric Teleparallel Equivalent of General Relativity, built up on non-metricity Q, constructed from metric tensor and affine connection. General Relativity is formulated as a geometric theory of gravity based on metric, whereas teleparallel approaches configure as gauge theories, where gauge choices permit not only to simplify calculations, but also to give deep insight into the basic concepts of gravitational field. In particular, we point out how foundation principles of General Relativity (i.e. the Equivalence Principle and the General Covariance) can be seen from the teleparallel point of view. These theories are dynamically equivalent and this feature can be demonstrated under three different standards: (1) the variational method; (2) the field equations; (3) the solutions. Regarding the second point, we provide a procedure starting from the (generalised) second Bianchi identity and then deriving the field equations. Referring to the third point, we compare spherically symmetric solutions in vacuum recovering the Schwarzschild metric and the Birkhoff theorem in all the approaches. It is worth stressing that, in extending the approaches to f(R), f(T), and f(Q) gravities respectively, the dynamical equivalence is lost opening the discussion on the different number of degrees of freedom intervening in the various representations of gravitational theories.
Instability of de-Sitter black hole with massive scalar field coupled to Gauss–Bonnet invariant and the scalarized black holes
Authors: Yang Zhen-Hao , Fu Guoyang , Kuang Xiao-Mei , Wu Jian-Pin 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe black hole scalarization in a special Einstein-scalar–Gauss–Bonnet (EsGB) gravity has been widely investigated in recent years. Especially, the spontaneous scalarization of scalar-free black hole in de-Sitter (dS) spacetime possesses interesting features due to the existence of cosmological horizon. In this work, firstly, we focus on the massive scalar field perturbation on Schwarzschild dS (SdS) black hole in a special EsGB theory. By analyzing the fundamental QNM frequency and time evolution of the scalar field perturbation, we figure out the unstable/stable regions in $$(\Lambda ,\alpha )$$

(
Λ
,
α
)

-plane as well as in $$(m,\alpha )$$

(
m
,
α
)

-plane for various perturbation modes, where $$\Lambda $$
Λ
, $$\alpha $$
α
and m denote the cosmological constant, the GB coupling strength and the mass of scalar field, respectively. Then by solving the static perturbation equation, we analyze the bifurcation point at which the SdS black hole supports spherical scalar clouds, and we find that the bifurcation points match well with $$\alpha _c$$

α
c

on the border of unstable/stable region. Finally, after addressing that the scalarised solutions could only emerge from the scalar could with node $$k\ge 1$$

k
≥
1

. we explicitly construct the scalarized hairy solutions for different scalar masses and compare the profile of scalar field to the corresponding scalar clouds.