bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New efficient Hadoop scheduler: Generalized particle swarm optimization and simulated annealing‐dominant resource fairness
Authors: Sharma Sonia , Bharti Rajendra Kumar 
Published: November 2022

SummaryDigital growth during the Corona pandemic has generated massive data. The Hadoop in big data has to be more efficient in resource handling and job scheduling. This article proposes the improved job scheduler which is more efficient in fair job scheduling even with the heterogeneous resources. The faster job execution depends upon the localization too. The nearer the slots are, the faster is the execution. So, this article proposes a hybrid metaheuristic algorithm with fair scheduling and data locality as the two objectives in job scheduling. The dominant resource fairness policy in Hadoop YARN is updated by hybrid generalized particle swarm optimization and simulated annealing for minimum locality and maximum fairness in scheduling. The algorithm is tested on various workloads for heterogeneous resources.
Magnetic Field‐Enhanced Electrocatalytic Oxygen Evolution on a Mixed‐Valent Cobalt‐Modulated LaCoO3 Catalyst
Authors: Wang Ting , He Haocheng , Meng Zihan , Li Siran , Xu Ming , Liu Xueting , Zhang Yuan , Liu Mei , Feng Ming 
Published: November 2022

AbstractExtensive efforts to enhance the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalytic performance of transition metal oxides mainly concentrate on the extrinsic morphology tailoring, lattice doping, and electrode interface optimizing. Nevertheless, little room is left for performance improvement using these methods and an obvious gap still exists compared to the precious metal catalysts. In this work, a novel “mixed‐valent cobalt modulation” strategy is presented to enhance the electrocatalytic OER of perovskite LaCoO3 (LCO) oxide. The valence transition of cobalt is realized by ethylenediamine post reduction procedure at room temperature, which further induces the variation of magnetic properties for LCO catalyst. The optimized LCO catalyst with Co2+/Co3+ of 1.98 % exhibits the best OER activity, and the overpotential at 10 mA cm−2 current density is decreased by 170 mV compared pristine LCO. Impressively, the ferromagnetic LCO catalyst can perform magnetic OER enhancement. By application of an external magnetic field, the overpotential of LCO at 10 mA cm−2 can be further decreased by 20 mV compared to that of under zero magnetic field, which arises from the enhanced energy states of electrons and accelerated electron transfer process driven by magnetic field. Our findings may provide a promising strategy to break the bottleneck for further enhancement of OER performance.
A fully digital open‐loop clock and data synchronizer for ultra‐low power super‐regenerative receivers
Authors: Abbaszadeh Saber , Jalali Mohsen 
Published: November 2022

SummaryIn this paper, a clock and data synchronizer (CDS) is presented to improve channel selectivity of digitally assisted super‐regenerative receivers (SRRs). The proposed CDS performs phase and frequency adjustment of the quench signal using a fully digital open‐loop architecture removing the need for conventional phase‐locked loop (PLL) architectures. The required signal shaping of the recovered data is also performed by the proposed CDS to restore the nonreturn‐to‐zero data format without using any pulse width expander or sample and hold circuit. A multichannel SRR is implemented employing the proposed CDS where a Q‐enhancement procedure is also adopted to further improve the channel selectivity. The proposed SRR operates at 2.4‐GHz ISM band and supports a data rate of 1 Mb/s, while the sensitivity is about −88 dBm, and the selectivity is better than −18 dB at a 10‐MHz offset frequency. Implemented using a 0.18‐μm standard CMOS process and with a 1.1‐V supply voltage, the proposed SRR consumes about 0.4 mW.
The study on the comparative responses of aquatic vegetation to the interannual water level variation in different hydrologically connected sub‐lakes based on GEE technology
Authors: Chen Wenbo , Zhang Fuqing , Shang Xue , Wang Huan , He Lei 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWater level variation is considered as a main controlling environment factor affecting the growth of aquatic vegetation in Poyang Lake, the largest freshwater lake in China. It is significant to study the influences of water level change on aquatic vegetation under various hydrological conditions. Taking the free connected sub‐lake Bang Lake and partially controlled sub‐lake Dahuchi Lake of Poyang Lake as research objects and based on the cloud computing platform of remote sensing of Google Earth Engine (GEE), the pixel binary model method was used to estimate the aquatic vegetation cover from 2000 to 2019, and the spatial and temporal variation characteristics were discovered first. Meanwhile, the combined method of Sen + M‐K (Theil–Sen Median method and Mann‐Kendall trend test) was conducted to simulate the trends of water fluctuation. Second, the hydrological parameters indicating water level fluctuation were established, and the relationship between these parameters and the area covered by aquatic vegetation in different sub‐lakes was explored. The results were as follows. (1) The aquatic vegetation cover of the freely connected sub‐lake Bang Lake was more susceptible to water level changes, while the partially controlled sub‐lake Dahuchi Lake was relatively stable underwater level change. (2) The aquatic vegetation was patchily and sporadically distributed in years with low vegetation cover, while in the years with high vegetation cover, it was distributed in a ringlike pattern, spreading from the centre of the lake to the shore. (3) The aquatic vegetation cover of the freely connected sub‐lake Bang Lake was more likely to be influenced by the water level fluctuation (WLF), while the aquatic vegetation cover of the partially controlled sub‐lake Dahuchi Lake was more likely to be influenced by the flooding duration of 17 m water level (L17). The flooding duration of 19 m water level (L19) had a strong negative correlation with the predicted aquatic vegetation cover of both Bang Lake and Dahuchi Lake. It suggests that there was a certain degree of time lag in the effect of water level changes on the free connected sub‐lakes, but there was no obvious time lag on the partially controlled sub‐lakes. (4) The aquatic vegetation of the freely connected sub‐lake Bang Lake were dominated by stabilization and slight improvement, while aquatic vegetation in the partially controlled sub‐lake Dahuchi Lake were dominated by stabilization and significant degradation. This study can help to further understand the vegetation changes in hydro‐ecological system with different hydrological connectivity and will provide a reference for lake management and conservation.
Synthesis of Functionalized Heteroleptic Germylene Alkoxides
Authors: Vítek Dominik , Růžička Aleš , Dostál Libor , Jambor Roman 
Published: November 2022

AbstractN‐coordinated Ge(II) alkoxides L1(tBuO)Ge (1), L2(tBuO)Ge (2) and [L2(OtBu)Ge ⋅ BH3] (4) were prepared. Effect of either chelating ligands L1 and L2 or Ge→B interaction on strength of the Ge−OtBu bond was studied by insertion reaction of PhNCO. As a result, the Ge(II) carbamate L2{[(tBuO)OC](Ph)N}Ge (3) was isolated. Alcoholysis exchange reactions of 1 and 2 with substituted phenols were studied to find an easy synthetic protocol for a synthesis of functionalized Ge(II) alkoxides. Reactions yielded Ge(II) alkoxides L1,2(2‐Br−C6H4O)Ge (5 for L1, 8 for L2), L1,2(2‐MeNH−C6H4O)Ge (6 for L1, 9 for L2), L1,2(2‐Ph2P−C6H4O)Ge (7 for L1, 10 for L2), L2(2‐Br‐3‐OH−C6H3O)Ge (11) and L2(2‐NC5H4O)Ge (12) containing the additional polar groups Y (Y=Br, MeNH, PPh2, OH or N). Finally, phosphane decorated Ge(II) alkoxides 7 and 10 were tested as suitable ligands in reactions with (COD)W(CO)4 and BH3. As a consequence, new complexes [(κ2‐7)W(CO)4] (13) and [L1(2‐Ph2P ⋅ {BH3}‐C6H4O)Ge ⋅ {BH3}] (14) were isolated. All compounds were characterized by NMR and IR spectroscopy, and compounds 3, 4, 9 and 11 were additionally characterized by X‐ray diffraction analysis.
A new Distinct Element meso‐model for simulating the rocking‐dominated seismic response of RC columns
Authors: Scattarreggia Nicola , Malomo Daniele , DeJong Matthew J. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe rocking‐dominated seismic response of reinforced concrete (RC) columns is a complex mechanism that entails P‐Δ effects, concrete crushing and spalling, rupture and dislocation of steel bars and stirrups, as well as combined localized failures causing splitting and shear‐flexure cracking. In this paper, we present a new meso‐scale numerical modeling strategy for the detailed simulation of the rocking response of slender RC columns under seismic actions. This work advances the current state‐of‐the‐art by exploring the unprecedented use of the Distinct Element Method (DEM), originally conceived for geotechnical studies and whose applicability in earthquake engineering has been primarily limited to the assessment of unreinforced masonry sub‐structures. To decrease analysis time and enable the use of DEM for RC problems, concrete is herein idealized as an assembly of solid macro‐block layers of size directly proportional to their distance from expected plastic hinges. These layers are connected by nonlinear interface springs to simulate tensile and shear cracking via a simplified Mohr‐Coulomb criterion. Crushing of concrete in deformable blocks is modeled using the Feenstra and De Borst strain‐softening linearized compression law, while confinement and combined failures are accounted for numerically through the explicit representation of longitudinal and transversal reinforcement bars, idealized as link elements. Previous experimental static and dynamic tests on full‐scale RC column specimens and results from fiber‐based Finite Element and sectional analysis models are used to evaluate DEM results and quantify the influence of key modeling parameters, including block number and deformability, as well as the amount of damping. The agreement between simulated failure modes and force and displacement capacities and their experimental counterparts demonstrate the applicability of the proposed approach, while demonstrating the pros and cons of simplified numerical methods.
Stability of associations between neuroticism and microstructural asymmetry of the cingulum during late childhood and adolescence: Insights from a longitudinal study with up to 11 waves
Authors: Plachti Anna , Baaré William F. C. , Johansen Louise Baruël , Thompson Wesley K. , Siebner Hartwig R. , Madsen Kathrine Skak 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAdolescence is characterized by significant brain development and marks a period of the life span with an increased incidence of mood disorders, especially in females. The risk of developing mood disorders is also higher in individuals scoring high on neuroticism, a personality trait characterized by a tendency to experience negative and anxious emotions. We previously found in a cross‐sectional study that neuroticism is associated with microstructural left–right asymmetry of the fronto‐limbic white matter involved in emotional processing, with opposite effects in female and male adolescents. We now have extended this work collecting longitudinal data in 76 typically developing children and adolescents aged 7–18 years, including repeated MRI sampling up to 11 times. This enabled us, for the first time, to address the critical question, whether the association between neuroticism and frontal‐limbic white matter asymmetry changes or remains stable across late childhood and adolescence. Neuroticism was assessed up to four times and showed good intraindividual stability and did not significantly change with age. Conforming our cross‐sectional results, females scoring high on neuroticism displayed increased left–right cingulum fractional anisotropy (FA), while males showed decreased left–right cingulum FA asymmetry. Despite ongoing age‐related increases in FA in cingulum, the association between neuroticism and cingulum FA asymmetry was already expressed in females in late childhood and remained stable across adolescence. In males, the association appeared to become more prominent during adolescence. Future longitudinal studies need to cover an earlier age span to elucidate the time point at which the relationship between neuroticism and cingulum FA asymmetry arises.
A modified threshold score‐based multilevel thresholding segmentation technique for brain magnetic resonance images using opposition‐based learning hybrid rice optimization algorithm
Authors: Ye Zhiwei , Song Zilun , Li Pengfei , Wang Mingwei , Hou Wenguang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn modern clinical diagnostics, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is frequently used for brain tumor detection because of its high resolution of soft tissues, which plays a crucial role in the prevention, detection, and treatment planning. Therefore, it is meaningful to obtain high‐quality MR images by automatic thresholding for aiding diagnosis. Most multilevel thresholding techniques are based on histograms. It is susceptible to the limitation of grayscale spatial distribution and is difficult to be used for MR images with variable and complex morphology. In this paper, a novel multilevel thresholding segmentation approach with a non‐histogram using a modified threshold score (MTS) is proposed. An opposition‐based learning hybrid rice optimization (OHRO) algorithm is used to reduce the computational cost of MTS for the purpose of optimizing the threshold search. The strategy of opposition‐based learning expands the space of feasible solutions and avoids the search from stalling. The proposed approach is evaluated through the Harvard Medical School's whole brain atlas dataset. Comparing the results with TS‐OHRO, Tsallis‐OHRO, Kapur‐OHRO, and Masi‐OHRO, MTS‐OHRO achieves better quantitative and qualitative outcomes which demonstrate that the application of MTS‐OHRO to MR images is effective and feasible.
Clinical pathways and diagnostic reasoning: A qualitative study of pediatric residents' and hospitalists' perceptions
Authors: Fatemi Yasaman , Costello Anna , Lieberman Leora , Hart Jessica , Shaw Kathy N. , Shea Judy A. , Coffin Susan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundClinical pathways are evidence‐based guidelines adapted to local settings. They have been shown to improve patient outcomes and reduce resource utilization. However, it is unknown how physicians integrate clinical pathways into their clinical reasoning.MethodsWe conducted a single‐center qualitative study involving one‐on‐one semi‐structured interviews of pediatric residents and pediatric hospitalist attendings between August 2021 and March 2022. Interviews were audio‐recorded and professionally transcribed. We utilized a qualitative descriptive framework to code data and identify themes.ResultsWe interviewed 15 pediatric residents and 12 pediatric hospitalists. Thematic analysis of interview transcripts revealed four themes related to physician utilization of and experience with clinical pathways: (1) utility as a tool, (2) means of standardizing care, (3) reflection of institutional culture, and (4) element of the dynamic relationship with the clinician diagnostic process. These themes were generally common to both residents and attending physicians; however, some differences existed and are noted when they occurred.ConclusionsClinical pathways are part of many clinicians' diagnostic processes. Pathways can standardize care, influence the diagnostic process, and express local institutional culture. Further research is required to ascertain the optimal clinical pathway design to augment and not inhibit the clinician's diagnostic process.
Normal Values of Magnetic Resonance T1ρ Relaxation Times in the Adult Heart at 1.5 T MRI
Authors: Deng Wei , Xue Yangcheng , Li Yuguo , An Shutian , Zheng Jie , Qian Yinfeng , Yue Xiuzheng , Wu Zhigang , Yu Yongqiang , Zhao Ren , Li Xiaohu 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundT1ρ mapping is a new quantitative MRI technique in recent years. In order to use T1ρ mapping as a noncontrast method to assess myocardial fibrosis, it is necessary to establish a range of normal values.PurposeTo establish a potential normal range of cardiac T1ρ values in healthy adults and to explore the influence of slice location and gender on T1ρ values.Study TypeProspective.PopulationA total of 57 healthy volunteers without cardiovascular risk factors (age 26.7 ± 11.8 years; 29 males).Field Strength/Sequence1.5 T; modified Look‐Locker inversion recovery (MOLLI) (T1 mapping), multiecho gradient‐spin‐echo (GraSE) (T2 mapping) and T1ρ‐prepared steady‐state free precession (T1ρ mapping) sequences.AssessmentBasal, mid, and apical short‐axis left ventricular T1, T2, and T1ρ maps were acquired. T1ρ maps at spin‐locking frequencies of 5 and 400 Hz were subtracted to create myocardial fibrosis index (mFI) maps. Slice‐average and global average T1, T2, T1ρ, and mFI values were determined.Statistical TestsShapiro–Wilk test, Independent t‐test, ANOVA test, Pearson correlation coefficient (r). Significance: P value < 0.05.ResultsThe global average values of T1, T2, T1ρ, and mFI were 1053 ± 34 msec, 51.9 ± 2.3 msec, 47.9 ± 2.8 msec, and 4.4 ± 1.6 msec. T1ρ values showed a significant gradual increase from the basal slice to the apical slice of the heart (basal 46.5 ± 2.7 msec, mid 48.0 ± 2.9 msec, apical 49.2 ± 3.3 msec). The T1ρ and mFI values of females (49.7 ± 2.4 msec and 5.1 ± 1.2 msec, respectively) were significantly higher than those of males (46.2 ± 1.9 msec and 3.7 ± 1.7 msec, respectively). In addition, there was a moderate positive correlation between global T1ρ values and global T1 values (r = 0.44, P < 0.05) and a moderate positive correlation between global T1ρ values and global T2 values (r = 0.42, P < 0.05).Data ConclusionIn this study, the global T1ρ values of healthy adults' hearts were 47.9 ± 2.8 msec. This study found that gender and slice location of myocardium can affect the T1ρ values.Evidence Level4Technical EfficacyStage 1
Development of an HiBiT‐tagged reporter H3N2 influenza A virus and its utility as an antiviral screening platform
Authors: Zhang Chengcheng , Zhang Guoying , Zhang Yu , Lin Xiaojing , Zhao Xiujuan , Cui Qinghua , Rong Lijun , Du Ruikun 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe balance of the segmented genome derived from naturally occurring influenza A viruses (IAVs) is delicate and vulnerable to foreign insertions, thus most reporter IAVs up to date are generated using the backbone of the laboratory‐adapted strains. In this study, we constructed a reporter influenza A/H3N2 virus (A/NY‐HiBiT) which was derived from a clinical isolate, by placing a minimized HiBiT tag to the N‐terminus of the viral nuclear‐export protein (NEP). Here, we show that this 11‐amino acid HiBiT tag did not adversely impact the viral genome balance, and the recombinant A/NY‐HiBiT virus maintains its relative stability. Moreover, the replication profile of the HiBiT‐tagged virus can be measured by a simple Nano‐Glo assay, providing a robust high‐throughput screening (THS) platform. We used this platform to evaluate a collection of the pre‐purified fractions which were derived from rare Chinese medicinal materials, and we identified three fractions, including wild Trametes robiniophila (50% methanol fraction), Ganoderma (water fraction), and wild Phellinus igniarius (ethyl acetate fraction), as potent anti‐IAV actives. Our results demonstrate that this IAV reporter can be used as a powerful HTS platform for antiviral development.
Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry metabolomics studies on non‐organic soybeans versus organic soybeans (Glycine max), and their fermentation by Rhizopus oligosporus
Authors: Chong Siok‐Geok , Ismail Intan S , Ahmad Azam Amalina , Tan Shih‐Jen , Shaari Khozirah , Tan Jen‐Kit 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundSoybeans (Glycine max) are high in proteins and isoflavones, which offer many health benefits. It has been suggested that the fermentation process enhances the nutrients in the soybeans. Organic foods are perceived as better than non‐organic foods in terms of health benefits, yet little is known about the difference in the phytochemical content that distinguishes the quality of organic soybeans from non‐organic soybeans. This study investigated the chemical profiles of non‐organic (G, T, U, UB) and organic (C, COF, A, R, B, Z) soybeans (G. max [L.] Merr.) and their metabolite changes after fermentation with Rhizopus oligosporus.ResultsA clear separation was only observed between non‐organic G and organic Z, which were then selected for further investigation in the fermentation of soybeans (GF and ZF). All four groups (G, Z, GF, ZF) were analyzed using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy along with liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS). In this way a total of 41 and 47 metabolites were identified respectively, with 12 in common. A clear variation (|log1.5FC| > 2 and P < 0.05) was observed between Z and ZF: most of the sugars and isoflavone glycosides were found only in Z, while more amino acids and organic acids were found in ZF. An additional four metabolites clustered as C‐glycosylflavonoids were discovered from MS/MS‐based molecular networking.ConclusionChemical profiles of non‐organic and organic soybeans exhibited no significant difference. However, the metabolite profile of the unfermented soybeans, which were higher in sugars, shifted to higher amino acid and organic acid content after fermentation, thereby potentially enhancing their nutritional value. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Copolymerization Reactivity Ratio Inference: Determining Confidence Contours in Parameter Space via a Bayesian Hierarchical Approach
Authors: Reischke Robert 
Published: November 2022

AbstractConfidence contours in parameter space are a helpful tool to compare and classify determined estimators. For more intricate parameter estimations of nonlinear nature or complex error structures, the procedure of determining confidence contours is a statistically complex task. For polymer chemists, such particular cases are encountered in determination of reactivity ratios in copolymerization. Hereby, determination of reactivity ratios in copolymerization requires nonlinear parameter estimation. Additionally, data may possess (possibly correlated) errors in both dependent and independent variables. A common approach for such nonlinear estimations is the error‐in‐variables model yielding statistically unbiased estimators. Regarding reactivity ratios, to date published procedures neglect the non‐Gaussian structure of the error estimates that is a consequence of the nonlinearity of the model. In this publication, this issue is addressed by employing a Bayesian hierarchical model, which correctly propagates the errors of all variables. The statistical procedure is discussed in chemist friendly language to encourage confident usage of the tool. The approach is based on a Python program requiring minimal installation effort. A detailed manual of the code is included in the appendix of this work, in an effort to make this procedure available to all interested polymer chemists.
Are you resilient? Machine learning prediction of corporate rebound out of the Covid‐19 pandemic
Authors: Bughin Jacques 
Published: November 2022

AbstractWe use the Covid‐19 crisis to assess how four capability domains that traditionally support corporate performance (agility, innovation, ecosystem play and digitization) can also predict corporate resilience, among global firms. Our results are based on a blend of advanced machine learning techniques that capture the complementarities among capabilities. We confirm that dynamic capabilities boost recovery, but especially when linked with aggressive leadership posture, e.g. rebound is more likely when firms are the main player/orchestrator of their business ecosystems as well as when they invest in disruptive, as opposed to incremental innovations.