bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Beyond multiculturalism: revisioning a model of pandemic anti-racism education in post-Covid-19 Canada
Authors: Lei Ling , Guo Shibao 
Published: January 2022

AbstractCanada was the first country in the world to establish multiculturalism as its official policy for the governance of diversity. Canadian multiculturalism has gained much popularity in political and public discourses in the past 50 years, and it has also received no less criticism as to its effectiveness in addressing issues of racism. There have also been ambiguities over the meaning and intention of multiculturalism, leading to divergent understandings of multiculturalism as an ideal of inclusion and equity, on the one hand, and a mere political rhetoric, on the other. On the occasion of celebrating the 50thanniversary of Canada’s official multiculturalism policy, this article re-visits Canada’s multiculturalism by reviewing its history and ethos and critically examining its actual effects as manifested during the Covid-19 pandemic in Canada. The rise of anti-Asian racism, anti-Black racism, and anti-Indigenous racism incidents in the pandemic reveals that multiculturalism has in effect, sustained a racist and unequal society of Canada with racism entrenched in its history and ingrained in every aspect of its social structure. Multiculturalism tolerates cultural difference but does not challenge an unjust society premised on white supremacy. The anti-racism movement mobilized by racialized communities in Canada indicates that multiculturalism has failed to respond to racialized communities’ pressing demand for social change and action for social justice. The article concludes with a proposed alternative framework to multiculturalism, that is, pandemic anti-racism education model, to centre the issue of race and racism in an action-oriented, inclusive, and empowering approach toward a future of a just society.
Intramedullary/intraosseous myelolipoma in a patient with pathologic fracture
Authors: Afzal Anoshia , Asadbeigi Sepideh N. , Kamal Maria , Hassell Lewis , Fung Kar-Ming 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Intramedullary lipomatous tumors are rare and mostly reported in the metaphysis of the femur, tibia, and fibula. Myelolipomas are very rare tumors composed of adipose tissue and hematopoietic cells commonly reported in adrenal gland. We report the first reported case of intraosseous myelolipoma with a pathologic fracture in a young woman.

Case presentation
Patient is a young woman who carried a diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus, antiphospholipid syndrome, and hyperparathyroidism. Radiologic studies were done after the patient reported right lower leg pain lasting for a month. Radiologic examination showed a large osteolytic lesions with pathologic fracture affecting the medial aspect of the proximal tibia with extensive soft tissue calcification. The initial clinical and radiographic suspicion was brown tumor secondary to the hyperparathyroidism. Curettage of the lesion yielded large fragments of mature adipose tissue punctuated by a variable amount of mature hematopoietic cells. The histopathologic features were suggestive of myelolipoma. The overall radiographic and histopathologic features supported a diagnosis of myelolipoma. The diagnosis of intraosseous myelolipoma can be challenging in small samples such as core biopsies.

Conclusions
The differential diagnoses of intraosseous myelolipoma include normal bone marrow, intramedullary hematopoiesis, and other benign lesions. The gold standard diagnosis is histopathologic examination. However, clinical and radiographic features have important roles in the diagnosis of this rare lesion. Due to the rarity of this tumor and lack of formal guidelines for management, the case-to-case basis treatment is recommended.
Human-centered AI and robotics
Authors: Doncieux Stephane , Chatila Raja , Straube Sirko , Kirchner Frank 
Published: January 2022

AbstractRobotics has a special place in AI as robots are connected to the real world and robots increasingly appear in humans everyday environment, from home to industry. Apart from cases were robots are expected to completely replace them, humans will largely benefit from real interactions with such robots. This is not only true for complex interaction scenarios like robots serving as guides, companions or members in a team, but also for more predefined functions like autonomous transport of people or goods. More and more, robots need suitable interfaces to interact with humans in a way that humans feel comfortable and that takes into account the need for a certain transparency about actions taken. The paper describes the requirements and state-of-the-art for a human-centered robotics research and development, including verbal and non-verbal interaction, understanding and learning from each other, as well as ethical questions that have to be dealt with if robots will be included in our everyday environment, influencing human life and societies.
Additive value of 18FDG-PET/CT to positive 131I whole body scan in recurrent differentiated thyroid cancer patients with potential influence on treatment strategy: single Egyptian center experience
Authors: Abdelhamed Heba M. , Mohammed Amira E. , Fattahalla Mona S. , Askar HebatAllah 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Years ago the utility of of18F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography/computerized tomography (18FDG-PET/CT) in differentiated thyroid cancer was confined mainly to cases with elevated serum thyroglobulin and negative 131I whole body scan. In this study, we try to assess the diagnostic performance of 18FDG-PET/CT in recurrent differentiated thyroid cancer patients with positive 131I whole body scan and in addition to evaluate the impact of 18FDG-PET/CT on the treatment strategy.

Results
The 18FDG PET/CT detected tumor recurrence in 35 (81.3%) patients most of them (91.4%) were in stage IV, while the rest 8.5% was in stage III. No recurrence was detected among patients in stage II and III by 18FDG PET/CT.
Regarding lesion-based analysis, sensitivity of 18FDG-PET/CT was superior to that of 131I post-therapeutic whole body scan (TxWBS) (78.2% vs. 69.4%, respectively), while both modalities had the same specificity (50%). 18FDG-PET/CT changed the treatment plan in 18 (41.6%) patients.

Conclusion
18FDG-PET/CT may be complementary to 131ITxWBS in high-risk DTC with impact on treatment strategy.
Adaptation of colorectal cancer screening tailored navigation content for American Indian communities and early results using the intervention
Authors: Menon Usha , Lance Peter , Szalacha Laura A. , Candito Dianna , Bobyock Emily P. , Yellowhair Monica , Hatcher Jennifer 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
American Indians (AI) experience major colorectal cancer (CRC) screening disparities with commensurate inequity in CRC mortality and other outcomes. The purpose of this report is to describe the methods and early results of adapting a previously successful intervention for the AI community.

Methods
The educational content and delivery strategy of the parent intervention were adapted for AIs guided by an adaptation framework and cultural consultations with the community and clinicians. As part of the environmental scanning, we identified the need to substantively revise our data entry, collection, and tracking system and develop a REDCap database for this purpose. In this study, we staggered the implementation of the intervention in each facility to inform the process from one clinic to the next, and assess both the clinical outcomes of the tailored intervention and the implementation processes across two clinic settings, Facilities A and B.

Results
The REDCap database is an indispensable asset, and without it we would not have been able to obtain reliable aggregate screening data while improvements to facility electronic health records are in progress. Approximately 8% (n = 678) of screening-eligible patients have been exposed to the navigator intervention. Of those exposed to the navigator intervention, 37% completed screening.

Conclusions
With the small numbers of patients exposed so far to the intervention, it would be premature to draw any broad conclusions yet about intervention effects. However, early screening completion rates are substantial advances on existing rates, and we have demonstrated that a tailored navigator intervention for facilitating CRC screening was readily adapted with provider and community input for application to AIs. A REDCap database for tracking of CRC screening by navigators using tablets or laptops on- or offline is easy to use and allows for generation of aggregate, anonymized screening data.
Trial registration.
There was no health intervention meeting the criteria of a clinical trial. The University of Arizona Institutional Review Board granted exemption from obtaining informed consent from patients undergoing CRC screening after administration of the tailored navigation intervention as usual care.
Molecular and pharmacological aspects of piperine as a potential molecule for disease prevention and management: evidence from clinical trials
Authors: Tripathi Amit Kumar , Ray Anup Kumar , Mishra Sunil Kumar 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundPiperine is a type of amide alkaloid that exhibits pleiotropic properties like antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antihypertensive, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective and enhancing bioavailability and fertility-related activities. Piperine has the ability to alter gastrointestinal disorders, drug-metabolizing enzymes, and bioavailability of several drugs. The present review explores the available clinical and preclinical data, nanoformulations, extraction process, structure–activity relationships, molecular docking, bioavailability enhancement of phytochemicals and drugs, and brain penetration properties of piperine in the prevention, management, and treatment of various diseases and disorders.Main bodyPiperine provides therapeutic benefits in patients suffering from diabetes, obesity, arthritis, oral cancer, breast cancer, multiple myeloma, metabolic syndrome, hypertension, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer’s disease, cerebral stroke, cardiovascular diseases, kidney diseases, inflammatory diseases, and rhinopharyngitis. The molecular basis for the pleiotropic activities of piperine is based on its ability to regulate multiple signaling molecules such as cell cycle proteins, anti-apoptotic proteins, P-glycoprotein, cytochrome P450 3A4, multidrug resistance protein 1, breast cancer resistance protein, transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 proinflammatory cytokine, nuclear factor-κB, c-Fos, cAMP response element-binding protein, activation transcription factor-2, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma, Human G-quadruplex DNA, Cyclooxygenase-2, Nitric oxide synthases-2, MicroRNA, and coronaviruses. Piperine also regulates multiple signaling pathways such as Akt/mTOR/MMP-9, 5′-AMP-activated protein kinase-activated NLR family pyrin domain containing-3 inflammasome, voltage-gated K+ current, PKCα/ERK1/2, NF-κB/AP-1/MMP-9, Wnt/β-catenin, JNK/P38 MAPK, and gut microbiota.Short conclusionBased on the current evidence, piperine can be the potential molecule for treatment of disease, and its significance of this molecule in the clinic is discussed.Graphical abstract
Diagnosis and surgical treatment of tumor-induced osteomalacia—a literature review and a case report
Authors: Huang Peikai , Xiao Mengqiang , Zhang Meng , Chen Jun , Ye Jingzhi , Zhao Meiyi , Tang Jiahui 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Tumor-induced osteomalacia (TIO) is a rare condition with fewer than 500 cases reported in the literature although described. Phosphaturic mesenchymal tumor (PMT) is often unrecognized cause of hypophosphatemia. This case report aims to highlight such a rare association which warrants clinical and radiologist attention.

Case
A 51-year-old man had pain in his feet 2 years prior to the most recent presentation in our clinic. The patient experienced increasingly severe body aches and pain, which affected the feet, hips, knees, ribs, waist, and shoulders. MRI and CT led to the diagnosis of multiple insufficiency fractures. Laboratory tests showed that inorganic phosphate (IP) levels had decreased to 0.52 mmol/L(0.81–1.45 mmol/L), while alkaline phosphatase (ALP) had increased to 216 U/L(38.0–126.0 U/L). Positron emission tomography computed tomography showed tumor-derived hypophosphate osteomalacia of the right iliac wing; surgical resection was performed. markers of bone metabolism and bone density returned normal postoperative, after 9 months follow-up.

Conclusion
The possibility of tumor-induced osteomalacia should be considered if unexplained joint pain, decreased bone mineral density, increased ALP and insufficiency fractures, and no similar family history are found in adult patients. Surgical resection of the tumor is the key to the treatment.
Sinonasal aneurysmal bone cyst mimicking hemangioma
Authors: Shivakumar Shweta , Mhashal Shashikant , Shetty Neeraj , Gaikwad Ninad Subhash , Dokania Vivek 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background
Aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC) is a benign, expansile bony lesion, primarily found in long bones. It is uncommon in facial bones and exceptionally rare in the sphenoethmoid sinus.
Case presentation: A 28-year-old male presented with complaints of bilateral nasal block and recurrent epistaxis. Rhinoscopy examination showed a lobulated lesion in the bilateral posterior nasal cavity and nasopharynx. A nasopharyngeal angiofibroma was suspected on radiological assessment. Pre-operative incisional biopsy revealed the tumor as hemangioma. With a probable diagnosis of hemangioma, the lesion was explored under general anesthesia. An endoscopic endonasal excision of a tumor mass attached to the sphenoid skull base was undertaken. Histopathological examination of the resected tissue confirmed the diagnosis of an aneurysmal bone cyst.

Conclusion
ABC should be considered a rare differential for a hemorrhagic sinonasal mass in a young adult. Histopathological examination of the excised tissue is mandatory for a confirmatory diagnosis. Radiologic assessment and pre-operative incisional biopsy are essential from the diagnostic point of view; however, they can often cause a diagnostic dilemma with other vascular tumors such as nasopharyngeal angiofibroma or hemangioma.
Multiple-qubit nonadiabatic noncyclic geometric quantum computation in Rydberg atoms
Authors: Guo F.-Q. , Zhu X.-Y. , Yun M.-R. , Yan L.-L. , Zhang Y. , Jia Y. , Su S.-L. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Single- and two-qubit nonadiabatic noncyclic geometric quantum computation (NNGQC) have been put forward in theory (Liu B.-J. et al., Phys. Rev. Res.
2 (2020) 043130). The features of single-qubit NNGQC have been experimentally verified and the experimental technical route of the two-qubit case has been discussed in detail (Zhang J. W. et al., Phys. Rev. Lett.
127 (2021) 030502). The multiple-qubit quantum logic gate is critical for quantum computation. Although combining a series of single- and two-qubit NNGQC gates can form universal operations and create arbitrary multiple-qubit gates, the created multiple-qubit gate often consumes more quantum resource and requires longer evolution time, which makes it more fragile to systematic error and decoherence. In this article, we propose a scheme to directly construct the multiple-qubit NNGQC gates in Rydberg atoms. The numerical results show that the proposed quantum gates have high fidelity and are robust to systemic error and decoherence. Our scheme may be applied in the future quantum computation and many-body quantum science studies.
Secure delegated quantum computation based on Z-rotation encryption
Authors: Ma Shuquan , Zhu Changhua , Nie Min , Quan Dongxiao , Pei Changxing 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Quantum computing on encrypted data allows a client who has limited quantum capacity to delegate his or her private computation to an untrusted quantum server, while the input and output are encrypted by the quantum one-time pad and only the client can correctly decrypt them. Generally, the client is required to have ability to prepare some single qubits and perform some basic gates. In this work, we consider a further restricted situation where the client can only prepare one single qubit and perform one basic gate. Specifically, we show that as long as the client can prepare a fixed qubit

and perform a fixed phase gate P, then he or she can still achieve the secure delegated quantum computation. Besides, our protocol can provide a more rigorous security for any quantum computation. For example, even if some encryption keys about the computation are leaked, it can still guarantee the privacy of the input and output. Finally, our protocol experimentally has a great significance in reducing the device complexity of the client's side.
Developmental disorders caused by haploinsufficiency of transcriptional regulators: a perspective based on cell fate determination
Authors: Zug Roman 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRACTMany human birth defects and neurodevelopmental disorders are caused by loss-of-function mutations in a single copy of transcription factor (TF) and chromatin regulator genes. Although this dosage sensitivity has long been known, how and why haploinsufficiency (HI) of transcriptional regulators leads to developmental disorders (DDs) is unclear. Here I propose the hypothesis that such DDs result from defects in cell fate determination that are based on disrupted bistability in the underlying gene regulatory network (GRN). Bistability, a crucial systems biology concept to model binary choices such as cell fate decisions, requires both positive feedback and ultrasensitivity, the latter often achieved through TF cooperativity. The hypothesis explains why dosage sensitivity of transcriptional regulators is an inherent property of fate decisions, and why disruption of either positive feedback or cooperativity in the underlying GRN is sufficient to cause disease. I present empirical and theoretical evidence in support of this hypothesis and discuss several issues for which it increases our understanding of disease, such as incomplete penetrance. The proposed framework provides a mechanistic, systems-level explanation of HI of transcriptional regulators, thus unifying existing theories, and offers new insights into outstanding issues of human disease.This article has an associated Future Leader to Watch interview with the author of the paper.
Photoinduced Bending Crystals of a Rhodium Dithionite Complex with n-Methoxybutyl Moieties
Authors: Kajiwara Yuu , Yoshimizu Hikaru , Matsumoto Kodai , Nakai Hidetaka 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
A newly synthesized photochromic rhodium dithionite complex with n-methoxybutyl moieties has been found to provide rod-like millimeter-size crystals exhibiting photoinduced bending; the crystals show an intriguing behavior which the bending and unbending occur upon photoirradiation from the same side of the crystal. The bending mechanism was clarified by single crystal X-ray diffraction experiments.
Signal Amplification Circuit Composed of Serinol Nucleic Acid for RNA Detection
Authors: Chen Yanglingzhi , Murayama Keiji , Asanuma Hiroyuki 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
A hybridization chain reaction (HCR) using a serinol nucleic acid (SNA) scaffold was newly designed and optimized. We found that hairpins with 8- or 9-mer loops, toeholds, and stems activated HCR and that the SNA interface accelerated initiation of HCR. Use of nitromethyl red as a quencher on the hairpin enabled detection of target RNA with high sensitivity. This system will be applicable to RNA detection in cell and biopsy, due to the high enzymatic durability of SNA.
No one left behind: has the pursuit of FP2020’s 120 million additional users goal left some women behind?
Authors: Farid Shiza , Bremner Jason , Anderson Emma 
Published: January 2022

Background: An important question is whether the FP2020’s “120 million additional users” goal exacerbated inequities and led to a prioritization of populations within countries where substantial gains towards the goal could be made. We examine FP2020 country data for signs of inequity in gains in modern contraceptive prevalence (MCP). Methods: We selected 11 countries (Bangladesh, Burundi, Ethiopia, Haiti, Malawi, Mali, Nepal, Pakistan, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Uganda, and Zimbabwe) to conduct a bivariate analysis. We evaluated if MCP growth had been equitable by assessing MCP between two surveys stratified by residence, levels of education, age groups, marital status, and wealth. Results: In most countries, MCP increased among rural women and in seven African countries these gains were significant. In six countries, MCP gains were significant both among women with no education and in the lowest wealth group. MCP gains among young women aged 15-19 and 20-24 were seen in four African countries: Malawi, Senegal, Sierra Leone, and Uganda. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that between two surveys since 2010 many countries saw MCP gains across different dimensions of equity and do not suggest a focus on expanded coverage at the expense of equity. As the family planning community begins to look ahead to the next partnership, this analysis can help inform the emerging FP2030 framework, which includes equity as a guiding principle.
A Nonconvex Optimization Approach to IMRT Planning with Dose–Volume Constraints
Authors: Maass Kelsey , Kim Minsun , Aravkin Aleksandr 
Published: January 2022

Fluence map optimization for intensity-modulated radiation therapy planning can be formulated as a large-scale inverse problem with competing objectives and constraints associated with the tumors and organs at risk. Unfortunately, clinically relevant dose–volume constraints are nonconvex, so standard algorithms for convex problems cannot be directly applied. Although prior work focuses on convex approximations for these constraints, we propose a novel relaxation approach to handle nonconvex dose–volume constraints. We develop efficient, provably convergent algorithms based on partial minimization, and show how to adapt them to handle maximum-dose constraints and infeasible problems. We demonstrate our approach using the CORT data set and show that it is easily adaptable to radiation treatment planning with dose–volume constraints for multiple tumors and organs at risk. Summary of Contribution: This paper proposes a novel approach to deal with dose–volume constraints in radiation treatment planning optimization, which is inherently nonconvex, mixed-integer programming. The authors tackle this NP-hard problem using auxiliary variables and continuous optimization while preserving the problem’s nonconvexity. Algorithms to efficiently solve the nonconvex optimization problem presented in this paper yield computation speeds suitable for a busy clinical setting.