bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Advances in the Study of Hexokinase 2 (HK2) Inhibitors
Authors: Tong Yan , Li Xiaofei , Dong Chunhong , Wang Shaopei , Zhuang Yan , Xu Jindan 
Published: October 2022

Purpose:
The Warburg effect is an important metabolic feature of tumours, and hexokinase is the first rate-limiting enzyme of the glycolytic pathway during tumour metabolism. Among hexokinase subtypes, hexokinase 2 (HK2) is increasingly proving to be a key target for cancer treatment. This study presents the challenges and potential strategies for developing HK2 inhibitors by systematically summarising the characteristics of HK2 inhibitors reported in the literature and patents.

Methods:
In this study, we analysed the HK2 active site using molecular docking and evaluated the structure, biochemical and physiological function, activity, and action mechanism of reported HK2 inhibitors using databases (Science, SCI finder, CNKI, and WANFANG DATA).

Results:
In total, 6 natural inhibitors of HK2, 9 synthetic inhibitors of HK2, and 3 compounds with patent-pending HK2 inhibitory effects were obtained by searching 87 articles. These inhibitors have poor efficacy and specificity when used alone and have numerous side effects; therefore, there is an urgent need to develop HK2 inhibitors with improved activity and high selectivity.

Conclusion:
HK2 has received much attention in anticancer drug development, but most previous studies have focused on elucidating the action mechanism of HK2 in carcinogenesis, whereas the development of its small-molecule inhibitors has rarely been reported. In this study, we analysed and illustrated the eutectic structure of small molecules with the catalytic structural domain of HK2 to develop highly selective and low-toxicity HK2 inhibitors.
Correlation between Diabetes Mellitus and Peri-implantitis: A Systematic
Review
Authors: Dioguardi Mario , Cantore Stefania , Quarta Cristian , Sovereto Diego , Zerman Nicoletta , Pettini Francesco , Muzio Lorenzo Lo , Cosola Michele Di , Santacroce Luigi , Ballini Andrea 
Published: October 2022

Background:
Osseo-integrated implants provide effective treatment results for edentulous. However, despite the high success and survival rates of dental implants, several factors, such as poor oral hygiene and history of periodontal disease, and systemic diseases, such as diabetes mellitus, could influence the outcome of the treatment. In fact, poor glycemic control can affect the healing process. Diabetes mellitus is considered a relative contraindication for dental implant therapy due to the fact that the success rates of the implants seem to be lower in diabetic patients, even if there is no total agreement among the results reported in the literature. The analysis of peri-implant inflammation indices, bone loss around the implant and glycemic index can provide us with useful information on the relationship between glycaemia in diabetic patients and the course of peri-implantitis, as well as implant success in the short term.

Objective:
The purpose of this review is to establish how peri-implant inflammation parameters vary in diabetic versus non-diabetic patients.

Methods:
This review was conducted on the basis of PRISMA. The search was conducted by three independent reviewers searching for keywords in three databases: PubMed, Scopus, Web Of Sciences (WOS), and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trial.

Results:
a total of 1159 records were identified and 11 articles were included in the qualitative analysis.

Conclusion:
The analysis of the extracted data from the included studies suggests that some peri-implant inflammation indices, such as bleeding on probing and bone loss around the implant, appear to be increased in diabetic patients with glycometabolic decompensation, compared with control not affected by diabetes mellitus.
Systematically Identifying Communication Deficits in Youth
Under Psychiatric Care Through a Self-Report Scale
Authors: Nagy Lauren Rae , Upadhyay Anu , Petti Theodore 
Published: October 2022

Background:
Communication disorders are associated with psychopathology
and social distress in adolescents, yet moderate or less severe deficits
often go undiagnosed. Data from a quality improvement initiative was analyzed
from the Communication Perception Estimate Scale (CoPES), a self-report scale for
receptive-expressive and pragmatic language deficits in youth receiving mental
health services.

Objective:
To identify the frequency of communication deficits (CDs) among youth
in psychiatric care and identify patterns of self-reported symptoms. The scale may
be used as a clinical screening tool for Language disorder and Social (Pragmatic)
communication disorder.

Methods:
CoPES is a 31-item scale administered to 318 adolescents 11-18 years
old, asking questions about receptive-expressive and pragmatic CDs. In the first 12
items, subjects identified the frequency of communication disorder symptoms using
a forced-choice scale; in the following items, frustration with CDs, yes or no for
earlier intervention, and current interest in getting help for CDs. Respondents are
from five representative clinical services.

Results:
Patients were divided into self-identified groups: 14.5% significant
Receptive-Expressive deficits only (R-ED); 6.6% significant Pragmatic deficits
only (PD); 29.9% Both significant Receptive-Expressive and Pragmatic deficits
(BCD); and 49.1% with limited or no deficits (NCD). The R-ED group expressed
high rates of frustration and requests for help with Receptive-Expressive deficits.
The PD group reported elevated rates of frustration in both areas. The BCD group
indicated significantly more frustration and requests for help with both language
areas compared to the NCD group.

Conclusion:
This data supports the need for greater awareness and consideration of
communication disorders in youth presenting for psychiatric care.
Curcumin-loaded Hydrotropic Solid Dispersion Topical Gel Development
and Evaluation: A Greener Approach Towards Transdermal Delivery of
Drugs
Authors: Tripathi Devika , Mishra Sangeeta , Rai Awani Kumar , Sahoo Jagannath , Sharma Dinesh Kumar , Singh Yadvendra 
Published: October 2022

Aims and Background:
Curcumin's poor water solubility still presents a challenge. Because of
Curcumin's instability in solubilizing solvents, using a non-sustainable solvent and dissolved oxygen in
the solution might be the problem. Thus, considering all facts, looking for a promising alternative solvent
medium is in need. Indeed, a solution of hydrotropic agent has been assessed recently. Hydrotropic agents
are the best replacements for organic solvents. These are eco-friendly, safe, and non-toxic agents. Hence,
the presented research focuses on improving the solubility of Curcumin through a hydrotropic solid dispersion
approach. Amazingly, Curcumin showed a significant solubility enhancement in sodium salicylate
hydrotropic Solution. Sodium salicylate hydrotrope ensured the stability of Curcumin in Solution,
maintained homogeneity, and exhibited antioxidant properties. Hydrotropy combined with the solid dispersion
technique is a simple and effective way to improve the bioavailability of Curcumin. Hydrotropic
solid dispersion-loaded curcumin topical gel was developed to achieve transdermal delivery of Curcumin.
Solid dispersion was prepared by solvent evaporation method and evaluated for in-vitro performance. Invitro
drug dissolution, drug content, FTIR, and XRD were carried out for the prepared HSD.

Objective:
The selected HSD (1:4) was loaded into a topical gel by dispersion method, and in-vitro parameters
like drug content, Spreadability, pH, rate of drug dissolution, and drug content were performed.

Methods:
The solubility study has substantially enhanced the solubility of Curcumin in a 2M sodium
salicylate hydrotropic solution. Sodium salicylate was compatible with formulating the solid dispersion.
Hydrotropic solid dispersion was successfully prepared in 1:4 ratios. XRD results have shown the amorphous
nature of Curcumin in the presence of sodium benzoate. The dissolution studies have shown improved
release compared to pure Curcumin and PM (1:4). The prepared HSD was then incorporated into a
gel by dispersion method using carbopol 934 and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose as a gelling agent. The
Cur-HSD gel was homogeneous and transparent in appearance.

Result:
The gel showed excellent Spreadability and drug content of 94.2 with 90.21% of percent drug
release for 120 min and showed improved release in the presence of hydrotrope for improved topical delivery
of Curcumin.

Conclusion:
Thus, to enhance the topical delivery of poorly soluble phytoconstituents, hydrotropes are
suggested as a greener approach and to be applied for other poorly soluble phytoconstituents.
Diagnostic amyloid light chain amyloidosis hospitalizations associated with high acuity and cost: analysis of the Premier Healthcare Database
Authors: D’Souza Anita , Broder Michael S , Bognar Katalin , Chang Eunice , Tarbox Marian H , Quock Tiffany P 
Published: October 2022

Aim:
Estimate the frequency and costs of diagnostic admissions among hospitalized patients with amyloid light chain (AL) amyloidosis.
Materials & methods:
This retrospective analysis used nationally representative hospital discharge data from 2017 to 2020 to report resource use and cost for hospitalizations during which AL amyloidosis was diagnosed.
Results:
Of 1341 admissions, 17.6% were diagnostic. Bone marrow (79.5%) and kidney (44.9%) biopsies were the most common qualifying biopsies. Diagnostic hospitalizations had longer length of stay (14.5 vs 8.4 days; p < 0.001) and higher cost ($40,052 [USD] vs $24,360; p < 0.001) than nondiagnostic ones.
Conclusion:
Diagnostic admissions are more likely to be urgent/emergent, require longer stays and have higher costs compared with hospitalizations in known AL amyloidosis patients. Improved diagnostic pathways toward early diagnosis are needed.
Scoping reviews: una nueva forma de síntesis de la evidencia
Authors: Lopez-Cortes Oscar David , Betancourt-Núñez Alejandra , Bernal Orozco María Fernanda , Vizmanos Barbara 
Published: October 2022

Las scoping reviews nacen a partir de la necesidad de sintetizar evidencias desde un objetivo de revisión más amplio que el de las revisiones sistemáticas, pero sin perder su rigor metodológico; requieren partir de un protocolo previamente registrado en el que se incluyen los criterios de búsqueda, inclusión y exclusión. Las scoping reviews se caracterizan por revisar contenidos amplios respondiendo a preguntas de población-contexto-concepto (PCC) enfocadas en conceptos clave, metodologías específicas y lagunas del conocimiento, con fuentes de información heterogéneas (ensayos clínicos aleatorizados, estudios observacionales, información de blogs, sitios web, entrevistas, opiniones, congresos, estudios de metodología cualitativa, etc.) y presentan como producto final una síntesis informativa de toda la evidencia recopilada. Además de su utilidad en el mapeo de áreas emergentes del conocimiento, las scoping reviews son de utilidad en los trabajos académicos, pues permiten plantear los antecedentes y marco teórico para el desarrollo de un estudio (anteproyecto, proyecto de tesis), así como identificar vacíos de conocimiento que, a su vez, conllevan realizar nuevas preguntas de investigación y desarrollar nuevos estudios originales o revisiones sistemáticas.
Closing Post-orthodontic Spaces Between Anterior Teeth Using Sequential 3D-printed Direct Composite Injection Guides
Authors: Zhang Y , Zhang J , Fan L , Yu H 
Published: October 2022

SUMMARYRestorative treatment of anterior teeth is sometimes required to improve esthetic and functional occlusal outcomes of orthodontic therapy. This case report presents a direct, noninvasive approach to close post-orthodontic gaps in anterior teeth using a 3D-printed composite resin injection guide with a full digital workflow. The composite injection technique using 3D-printed guides is a full digital workflow that can transfer the design precisely, save chair time, and simplify the direct composite restoration procedure.
Thermoplastic starch as packaging material
Authors: Janssen Leon P.B.M. , Mościcki Leszek 
Published: October 2022

Attempts to reduce net CO2 emission and to increase the use of sustainable materials pose great challenges at the interface of chemical engineering and agricultural engineering. One of the products involved is thermoplastic starch that can partly substitute synthetic plastics, amongst others in packaging. In a first step a semi product is produced by mixing starch and a polyol in a cooking-extrusion process. The material obtained can than be used in other polymer processes, like extrusion, film blowing and injection moulding. Films with thicknesses of 200 µm can be achieved if gelatinisation is good and moisture content constant. In injection moulding shape stability can be retained by a judicious combination of moisture content and process temperature. The final objects can reach a strength comparable to commercial packaging plastics, like polystyrene.
A problem that still exist is the sensitivity of the material to ambient moisture, both at short terms during production as at long times during usage. These problems increase with increasing surface to volume ratio of the final product like, for instance, films. Technologies where the material is coated or where the lubricant is immobilized have to be investigatedto expand the use. From economical point of view it can be expected that the costs of the extra extrusion step during manufacturing of the semi-product can easily be covered by the price difference between starch and synthetic packaging plastics, like polyethylene, polypropylene or polystyrene.
Role of predictable biomarkers in early detection of cardiovascular events in Chronic Kidney Disease III and IV
Authors: Durgaprasad Bhamidipaty Kanaka , Malla Rama Rao , Lahari Bhamidipaty Durgananda , Vijayalakshmi Payala , Guntoory Indira , Kalyan Kolli Viswa 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This comes about because of a lack of predicted biomarkers in the risk analysis of CVD events in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. The present study aimed to determine the clinical utility of independent, predictable biomarkers such as serum creatinine, estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR), high sensitive C-Reactive protein (hsCRP), fibrinogen and lipid profile as early predictors of CVD in CKD at stage III/IV.

Methods. This is a case-control study that includes a sample size of 100 patients of cases and 100 patients of controls who were recruited from November 2020 to April 2021, from the Nephrology department of the Visakhapatnam tertiary care teaching hospital, and present with chronic kidney disease – stage III/IV. The subjects’ general conditions (age, gender, height, weight, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and smoking history); underlying diseases (coronary heart disease and diabetes mellitus) were recorded. Fasting venous blood samples were collected under aseptic conditions from the study group after taking informed consent. The measurement of serum creatinine was performed by modification of kinetic Jaffe reaction. The Cockcroft-Gault equation was used to calculate eGFR in both cases and controls. CRP testing was done with a Cobas C311 analyzer, using immunoturbidimetric assay. The Fibroquant kit from Tulip was employed to measure fibrinogen levels in blood samples, and enzymatic methods were applied for lipid profile analysis.

Results. In this study, higher mean values of hsCRP (34.28 mg/dl), increased serum creatinine levels (2.876 mg/dl), reduced eGFR (28.37 mls/min), high levels of serum fibrinogen (291.6 mg/dl), and cholesterol (214.5 mg/dl), HDL (28.34 mg/dl), TG (162.1 mg/dl), VLDL (32.41 mg/dl) and LDL (153.77 mg/dl) were found to be independent predictors of assessment of CV events in patients with CKD stages III and IV as determined by Chi-square test.

Conclusion. A prompt and accurate assessment of cardiovascular risk in CKD patients would enable more aggressive and focused treatment of the individuals who are most in need of preventive interventions to decrease incident rates.
Peculiarities of the detection and course of the pediatric extrapulmonary tuberculosis taking into account drug resistance
Authors: Piskur Zoriana Ivanovna , Pylypiv Lesya , Shvets Olga , Sakhelashvili Manana , Kostyk Olga , Sakhelashvili-Bil Olga 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Pediatric tuberculosis is a health problem of special significance because it is a marker for current transmission of tuberculosis in society. The research aimed at analyzing the peculiarities of detection and course of pediatric extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) taking into account the profile of drug resistance. A retrospective study of medical charts of children with EPTB (n = 47; 1st group) and pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) (n = 49; 2nd group) aged 0-15 for 2013-2020 has been conducted. 2 subgroups with EPTB were identified separately: resistant (EPRTB) (n = 23) and sensitive (EPSTB) (n = 24). Results and discussion. The frequency of EPTB was 9.8%. Tuberculosis of peripheral LN (40.5%), CNS (27.7%), bones and joints (23.4%) was significantly more often diagnosed, than other lesions. Almost half of children with EPTB had a miliary distribution. In 44.7% of children with EPTB contact with a patient with tuberculosis was not established. EPRTB was significantly more common among children under 1 and up to 3 years of age than EPSTB. The resistance to combination of HR (73.6%) was found more often than to HRES (10.5%), HRS, H and Z (5.3% each; p<0.01). In 73.9% of children with EPRTB was detected when seeking medical care, in 13.0% the time to diagnosing lasted 6 months. Among children with EPRTB, gradual course was more frequent and in 47.8% intoxication syndrome was dominating. 78.3% of children with EPRTB were not vaccinated. Conclusion. The above indicates the need to intensify preventive measures against tuberculosis among children, especially at risk groups, make monitoring of contacts and their treatment.
Testing sand and soil from selected playgrounds in Lublin for eggs of nematodes of the genus: Ascaris, Toxocara, Trichuris
Authors: Chodun-Wroblewska Wiktoria , Nieradko-Iwanicka Barbara , Iwanicki Janusz Andrzej 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Children need to play outdoors. It is a natural tendency for young children to put everything in their mouths. Hygienic condition of playgrounds is important for maintaining their health. Companion animals (dogs and cats) as well as wild animals can transmit parasites that cause zoonoses in humans. Such infections often affects children playing in sandpits and playgrounds. Sand samples taken from specific locations (sandboxes, playgrounds) can be tested for the presence of parasite eggs specific to humans and animals (Ascaris, Toxocara, Trichuris). They cause ascariasis, toxocarosis, trichurosis. Invasive eggs of the parasites due to the very thick, multi-layered egg shells are very resistant to the influence of climatic factors and to chemicals present in the environment. The only way to get rid of parasite eggs from locations where they endanger human health is to remove the top layer of sand or soil or completely replace the sand. However, this is a laborious and costly procedure.
The aim of the project was to examine samples from selected playgrounds in Lublin (Polnad) in terms of the presence of Ascaris, Toxocara, and Trichuris eggs.
Thirty five samples of sand and soil obtained from 7 playgrounds in Lublin were obtained in May 2022 and tested for the presence of Ascaris, Toxocara, and Trichuris eggs with flotation method. In none of the examined samples the parasite eggs were found. The tested playgrounds in Lublin are hygienic and safe from eggs of Ascaris, Toxocara, and Trichuris.
Case study of qualitative sorting of raw wood assortments in the conditions of a forestry enterprise in Slovakia
Authors: Gejdoš Miloš , Gergeľ Tomáš 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Valuation of timber growing in commercial forests is a key issue for forest owners, forest enterprises, but also a starting point for long-term planning in the field of forest management. The subjective approach of the evaluator can, to a large extent, lead to inconsistencies in the area of wood qualitative evaluation. This paper aimed to perform an objective qualitative analysis on a selected set of 179 logs of hardwood raw-wood assortments in a selected Forest enterprise in Slovakia. Qualitative analysis, which was performed by the Technical Conditions used by Lesy SR, š.p. confirms the identical classification of raw-wood assortments, in comparison with the classification performed by the management of the forestry enterprise, in 65 logs (36.3% of logs). In 114 (63.7%) logs, the log assortment was classified in another quality class. Most of the logs, which were reclassified to lower quality classes, showed limiting qualitative features of multiple sweep (83 logs), resp. significant simple sweep over 8 cm/m (5 logs), soft rot over 20% of the end diameter area (10 logs), and decaved knots (19 logs). Our work confirmed that the qualitative evaluation of raw-wood assortments in forestry enterprises in Slovakia is not optimal and correct. The work should thus contribute to improving the setting of optimization processes in the timber production phase in forestry enterprises.
Technological employment of fire-fighting adapter to increase the efficiency of extinguishing forest fires
Authors: Hnilicová Michaela , Priatka Matej , Hnilica Richard , Messingerová Valéria 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The paper presents the results of the solution defining the possible application of the adapter as a fire-fighting mobile device with a base machine of a forest wheeled skidder (LKT) in the fire protection of forests in the Slovak Republic. Following the challenging accessibility to fire-fighting machinery during any intervention in forestry operation, the main aim was formulated. It will be about basic technical parameters of the DATEFF fire-fighting adapter, resulting from operational measures and following specification of its tactical deployment in extinguishing forest fires. This fact also follows from based on statistically processed data on fire in state forests of the Slovak Republic in the last ten years. The greatest damage occurs mainly the forests at a slope gradient of 16%. Designed fire adapter is structurally designed mainly to these terrains. Regarding its design and technical parameters, the proposed DATEFF adapter can be employed tactically as fire-fighting mobile device. In the case of an unavailable water source without access to the forest transport network, the adapter can be used as a part of long-distance water transport or as a mobile device for emergency import of material. Another option is to use it as a water tank in inaccessible terrain with the possibility of refilling using a Bambi bag and a helicopter. This fire-fighting adapter DATEFF is designed for forest wheel tractors that reach 40% slope availability, are able to work on the stand area, overcome obstacles and are available in sufficient quantities in all Slovak forest owners.