bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New magneto-polaron resonances in a monolayer of a transition metal dichalcogenide
Authors: Trallero-Giner Carlos , Santiago-Pérez Darío G. , Fomin Vladimir M. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) semiconductors are two-dimensional materials with great potential for the future of nano-optics and nano-optoelectronics as well as the rich and exciting development of basic research. The influence of an external magnetic field on a TMD monolayer raises a new question: to unveil the behavior of the magneto-polaron resonances (MPRs) associated with the phonon symmetry inherent in the system.It is shown that the renormalized Landau energy levels are modified by the interplay of the long-range Pekar-Fröhlich (PF) and short-range deformation potential (DP) interactions. It leads to a new series of MPRs involving the optical phonons at the center of the Brillouin zone. The coupling of the two Landau levels with the LO and A1 optical phonon modes provokes resonant splittings of double avoided-crossing levels giving rise to three excitation branches. This effect appears as bigger energy gaps at the anticrossing points in the renormalization Landau levels.To explore the interplay between the MPR, the electron-phonon interactions (PF and DP) and the couplings between adjacent Landau levels, a full Green's function treatment for the evaluation of the energy and its life-time broadening is developed. A generalization of the two-level approach is performed for the description of the new MPR branches. The obtained results are a guideline for the magneto-optical experiments in TMDs, where three MPR peaks should be observable.
The Viral Load of Human Cytomegalovirus Infection in Children Following Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant by Chip Digital PCR
Authors: Wang Wen-Jun , Feng Miao , Feng-He  , Song Juan , Song Qin-Qin , Xia Dong , Liu Rong , Yao Hai-Lan , Han Jun 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Objective
To detect viral load in Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection children after hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) by chip digital PCR (cdPCR).
Methods
The plasmid pUC57-UL83 containing the HCMV UL83 gene and HCMV AD169 strain were used to evaluate the sensitivity of cdPCR. Either HSV-1, HSV-2, VZV, EBV, HHV-6, or HHV-7 was used to evaluate the specificity of HCMV cdPCR. The cdPCR was compared with quantitative PCR (qPCR) by detecting HCMV infection of 125 children whole blood samples following HSCT.
Results
The limit of detection (LOD) of HCMV cdPCR was 103 copies/ml and the qPCR LOD was 297 copies/ml for plasmid pUC57-UL83. The result of HCMV cdPCR was 146 copies/ml for HCMV AD169 strain, indicating that the sensitivity of cdPCR was higher than that of qPCR. There is no cross-reaction between HCMV cdPCR and other herpes viruses. The incident of HCMV infection was 30.40% in 125 children following HSCT by cdPCR. The range of the HCMV viral load was from 107 copies/ml to 6600 copies/ml by cdPCR.
Conclusions
cdPCR is more sensitive than qPCR for detecting HCMV viral load. Furthermore, the cdPCR could be used to detect the viral load of HCMV infection before or after HSCT in children.
The application of mechanical load onto mouse tendons by magnetic restraining represses Mmp-3 expression
Authors: Mousavizadeh Rouhollah , West Valerie , Inguito Kameron , Parreno Justin 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Objectives: Mechanical loading is crucial for tendon matrix homeostasis. Under-stimulation of tendon tissue promotes matrix degradation and ultimately tendon failure. In this study, we examined the expression of tendon matrix molecules and matrix-degrading enzymes (matrix metalloproteinases) in stress-deprived tail tendons and compared to tendons that were mechanically loaded by a simple restraining method.
Data description: Isolated mouse tail fascicles were either floated or restrained by magnets in cell culture media for 24 hours. The gene expression of tendon matrix molecules and matrix metalloproteinases in the tendon fascicles of mouse tails were examined by real-time RT-PCR. Stress deprivation of tail tendons increase Mmp3 mRNA levels. Restraining tendons represses these increases in MMP3. The gene expression response to restraining was specific to Mmp3 at 24 hours as we did not observe mRNA level changes in other matrix related genes that we examined (Col1, Col3, Tnc, Acan, and Mmp13). To elucidate, the mechansims that may regulate load transmission in tendon tissue, we examined filamentous (F-)actin staining and nuclear morphology. As compared to stress deprived tendons, restrained tendons had greater staining for F-actin. The nuclei of restrained tendons are smaller and more elongated. These results indicate that mechanical loading regulates specific gene expression potentially through F-actin regulation of nuclear morphology. A further understanding on the mechanisms involved in regulating Mmp3 gene expression may lead to new strategies to prevent tendon degeneration.
Sharing PHR Data in Cloud Using Sigmoid Key and Median Support Signature Based Cryptosystem
Authors: Austin Jain 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In Personal Health Records (PHR) data sharing to the cloud face eavesdrop attack with the help of past search history, sometimes the hacker can access the details from the cloud server and key escrow problem. It is suggested to securely transport data stored on a third-party cloud server to improve the security performance of PHR data for the Sigmoid-based signature cryptosystem. In the proposed work, the PHR data is taken as an input and Key encrypting key algorithm (KEK) is implemented for the attribute key generation. After the attribute, key generation sigmoid is calculated for the PHR data to keep the key secured. To keep the personal data of the patient in a secured manner the median support-based signature is generated and without displaying the generated signature the ciphertext is displayed. To gain access to information stored in the cloud, the users have to verify the both generated private key and signature. On the successful verification of both the private key and signature, later, if the data requested by the user is a valid user then the user will be getting permission to access the cloud. The experimental findings show that our suggested technique outperforms other current methods in key computation time, communication complexity, encryption time, decryption time, and cloud operating mechanism.
Water mist system application in solar collector system to increase clean water production
Authors: Sonawan Hery , Supriyono Toto , Sofia Evi , Gani Ahmad 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This research is motivated by the problem of lack of clean water in remote areas such as coastal/sea and riverside/estuary areas. Apart from wells, some people also use river water for bathing and washing toilets. Water's low level of hygiene is almost ignored as long as it can still be used to meet daily needs. To overcome this problem, this research proposes a method to convert feed water or brackish water into clean water. The purpose of this study is to investigate an evaporation method to increase clean water production by adding a water mist system to the solar collector. With the discovery of a method to increase clean water production from the purification of feed water, this research makes a small contribution to improving public health, especially communities around the sea coast. This research was carried out using an experimental method referred to as factorial design method. From the experiment, the ratio of clean water production to the feed water flow rate is 7.9%. The maximum clean water production is 5.78ml/minute or 1.25% of the feed water flow rate when using 4 nozzles in the chamber.
Quantitative assessment and optimization of bi-functional membrane for remediation of Cr(VI) from wastewater
Authors: Arif Zeenat , Sethy Naresh Kumar 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This paper explores the innovative approach of using a green route synthesized cost-effective bi-functional to eliminate toxic hexavalent chromium commonly found in tannery wastewater by using an integrated application of membrane and photocatalyst. Contaminated wastewater is firstly passed through bi-functional ultrafiltration membranes to retain hexavalent chromium and further reducing the toxicity of rejected water having high concentrations of Cr(VI) by photocatalytic reduction into Cr(III) in the presence of sunlight using the same membrane as photocatalyst film. Conditions governing the separation process such as solution pH, nanoparticle loading in polymer matrix, and concentration of Cr(VI) have been optimized to maximize the % rejection and photocatalytic reduction to Cr(III). The purpose of this work was to optimize the process condition through the use of the response surface method (RSM) that governs the process. RSM analysis concludes that excellent rejection of 91.58% and reduction of 87.02% is possible at the predicted pH (5.55), particle loading (2.14%) and Cr(VI) concentration (25 mg/L).
Targeting Mitochondria for the Prevention and Treatment of Nonalcoholic
Fatty Liver Disease: Polyphenols as a Non-pharmacological
Approach
Authors: Zapata Jaime , Castro-Sepulveda Mauricio , Soto-Alarcon Sandra , Alvarez Daniela , Bustamante Andres , Villarroel Guiselle , Gallardo Arturo , Garcia-Diaz Diego Fernando , Valenzuela Rodrigo , Echeverria Francisca 
Published: October 2022

Scope:
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has a high and growing
prevalence globally. Mitochondria are fundamental in regulating cell energy homeostasis.
Nevertheless, mitochondria control mechanisms can be exceeded in this context of energy
overload. Damaged mitochondria worsen NAFLD progression. Diet and lifestyle changes
are the main recommendations for NAFLD prevention and treatment. Some polyphenols
have improved mitochondrial function in different NAFLD and obesity models.

Objective:
The study aims to discuss the potential role of polyphenols as a nonpharmacological
approach targeting mitochondria to prevent and treat NAFLD, analyzing
the influence of polyphenols' chemical structure, limitations and clinical projections.

Methods:
In vivo and in vitro NAFLD models were considered. Study searches were performed
using the following keywords: nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, liver steatosis, mitochondria,
mitochondrial activity, mitochondrial dynamics, mitochondrial dysfunction,
mitochondrial morphology, mitochondrial cristae, fusion, fission, polyphenols, flavonoids,
anthocyanins, AND/OR bioactive compounds.

Conclusion:
Polyphenols are a group of diverse bioactive molecules whose bioactive effects
are highly determined by their chemical structure. These bioactive compounds could
offer an interesting non-pharmacological approach to preventing and treating NAFLD,
regulating mitochondrial dynamics and function. Nevertheless, the mitochondria' role in
subjects with NAFLD treatment is not fully elucidated. The dosage and bioavailability of
these compounds should be addressed when studied.
Animal Models of Atherosclerosis and Interpretation of Drug Intervention Studies
Authors: Bocan Thomas M.A. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract:
Atherosclerosis has often been defined as a multifactoral disease; however, a common risk factor associated with accelerated vascular disease in man or animals is an elevated plasma cholesterol level. Even though there is no one perfect animal model that completely replicates the stages of human atherosclerosis, cholesterol feeding and mechanical endothelial injury are two common features shared by most models of atherosclerosis. The models may differ with respect to degree of dietary cholesterol supp­
lementation, length of hypercholesterolemia, dietary regimen and type, duration and degree of mechanical endothelial injury. With the advent of genetic engineering, transgenic mouse models have supplemented the classical dietary cholesterol induced disease models such as the cholesterol-fed hamster, rabbit, pig and monkey. The desire to limit the progression of atherosclerosis has spawned numerous drug intervention studies. Biochemical as well as morphologic and morphometric changes in the extent, structure and composition of atherosclerotic lesions following drug intervention have become major endpoints of in vivo drug intervention studies. Interpretations of alterations in vascular pathology following drug administration are often confounded by associated changes in plasma lipids and lipoproteins, limitation of the animal models and additional properties of compounds unrelated to their primary mode of action. Thus, the current review will summarize the pathology of atherosclerosis, describe various animal models of vascular disease and provide a critical review of the metho9s utilized and conclusions drawn when evaluating pharmacologic agents in animals.
Adenosine Kinase Inhibitors
Authors: Kowaluk Elizabeth A. , Bhagwatt Shripad S. , Jarvis Michael F. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract:
Adenosine (ADO) is an endogenous modulator of intercellular signaling that provides homeostatic reductions in cell excitability during tissue stress and trauma. The inhibitory actions of ADO are mediated by interactions with specific cell-surface G­ protein coupled receptors regulating membrane cation flux, polarization, and the release of excitatory neurotransmitters. ADO kinase (AK; EC 2.7.1.20) is the key intracellular enzyme regulating intra- and extracellular ADO concentrations. Inhibition of AK produces
marked increases in extracellular ADO levels that are localized to cells and tissues undergoing accelerated ADO release. Thus AK inhibiton represents a mechanism to selectively enhance the protective actions of ADO during tissue trauma without producing the nonspecific effects associated with the systemic administration of ADO receptor agonists. During the last 10 years, specific inhibitors of AK based on the endogenous purine nucleoside substrate, ADO, have been developed. Potent AK inhibitors have recently been synthesized that demonstrate high specificity for this enzyme as compared to other ADO metabolic enzymes, transporters, and receptors. In both in vitro and in vivo models, AK inhibitors have been shown to potently increase ADO concentrations in a tissue and event specific fashion and to demonstrate potential clinical utility in animal models of epilepsy, ischemia, pain, and inflammation. AK inhibitors have demonstrated superior efficacy in these models as compared to other mechanisms of modulating ADO availability, and these agents exhibit reduced side-effect liabilities compared to direct acting ADO receptor agonists. The preclinical profile of AK inhibitors indicate that these agents may have therapeutic utility in a variety of central and peripheral diseases associated with cellular trauma and inflammation. Clinical trials are currently underway to evaluate the efficacy of AK inhibitors in seizure disorders and pain.
Whitening Optical Effect of New Chewing Gums
Authors: Porciani Pier Francesco , Perra Caterina , Grandini Simone 
Published: October 2022

Background:
Today, many treatments are available to enhance the color of teeth, but they require a few days to weeks to deliver this effect.

Objective:
To evaluate the instantaneous optical whitening effect of two new sugar-free chewing gums and one dentifrice of proven efficacy versus one placebo chewing gum.

Methods:
This was a single-blind, parallel trial. 424 participants entered the study and were randomly allocated to four groups. They received a personal silicone mask with a calibrated hole at one upper incisor to apply a dental colorimeter. The tools tested were chewing-gum containing indigotine (E132-FD&C Blue 2) and spirulina, chewing-gum containing only spirulina, chewing-gum placebo, and dentifrice containing Blue Covarine. Vita® Easyshade scored the tooth color, and the WIO and WID whiteness indexes were calculated. For chewing gums, the color of the teeth was scored before the assumption and after 2’30” of mastication. For dentifrice, participants brushed for 1’30”, then rinsed, and the color was scored before brushing and after 2’30”. Statistical analysis was performed by ANOVA and Tukey post-hoc.

Results:
The two experimental whitening chewing gums and the dentifrice significantly increased the WIO and the WID indexes from the baselines (p<0.001). Moreover, their effects were statistically greater than those reported for the placebo chewing gum (p<0.05) but not significatively different among them (p=NS).

Conclusion:
All the tested whitening tools showed an instant optical whitening perception. Further studies are required to assess the intensity of the effect over a prolonged time to meet the people's request for fast whitening tools.
The clinical trial registration no. is PVM-2020-01.
IgE Mediated Wheat Allergy Associated with Resistant and Severe Forms of Allergic Conjunctivitis
Authors: Sayed Khulood M. , Ali Abdellah H. 
Published: October 2022

Objective:
This study aimed to determine the prevalence and criteria of wheat allergy (WA) among patients with resistant allergic conjunctivitis (AC).

Methods:
A prospective comparative study was conducted on 100 patients with resistant AC. Skin prick-tests (SPTs), total and sIgE against a panel of inhalant and food allergens were performed in all patients’ sera. They were divided into 2 groups according to skin prick test (SPT) and specific IgE (sIgE) level, namely the wheat sensitive group (WSG) and wheat tolerant group (WTG). Total ocular symptom scores (TOSS) and 4-point sign scales were correlated for both groups.

Results:
Ten patients out of 100 with IgE-mediated resistant AC were wheat sensitive, and the other 90 were wheat tolerant patients. WSG included patients of significantly younger age. Positive family history of atopy was proven in 100% of WSG vs. 67% of WTG. A significantly higher frequency of multiorgan allergy was detected in 100% of WSG vs. 20% in WTG (P = 0.0001). Thirty (30%) of WSG had associated allergic rhinitis (AR) and bronchial asthma (BA). Another 30% had an associated AR only, 10% had an associated BA only, and another 20% had an associated skin allergy. TOSS, 4- point sign scale, and total IgE level were significantly higher in WSG.

Conclusion:
This study provides novel evidence that wheat allergy is responsible for some severe forms of AC.
Attachment Style, Love Style, and Attachment Behaviour in University Students’ Intimate Relationships, South Africa – A Brief Study
Authors: Tyolo Thandiswa P. , Erasmus Petro , Koen Vick , Tsabedze Wandile F. 
Published: October 2022

Introduction:
Various studies have been conducted on attachment styles. The majority of these studies are from high-income countries and only a few focused on the relationship between attachment style, love style and attachment behaviour exhibited in intimate relationships or on this phenomenon in the context of a South African university. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between attachment style (secure, anxious and avoidant), love style (passion, intimacy and commitment) and attachment behaviour (accessibility, responsiveness and engagement) in intimate relationships in a South African university sample.

Methods:
A cross-sectional, correlational research design was employed. A total of 317 university students were sampled through the randomisation sampling technique. Instruments used were: Experience in Close Relationships-Revised (ECR-R), Sternberg’s Triangular Love Scale (STLS) and Brief Accessibility, Responsiveness and Engagement (BARE).

Results:
Data were statistically analysed. The male mean was 2.911 (SD = 0.496) and the female mean was 2.864 (SD = 0.499). The results suggest no significant relationship exists between attachment style, love style and attachment behaviour or gender differences regarding these variables. A significant positive correlation was reported between love styles (passion, intimacy and commitment) and attachment behaviour (accessibility, responsiveness and engagement). Intimacy significantly and positively correlates with passion (r =.75; p<.01) as well as commitment (r = .79; p<.01). Passion is also significantly and positively correlated with commitment (r = .82; p<.01).

Conclusion:
The study recommends attention to attachment styles among university students to improve how students relate to intimate partners. It concludes that knowledge about intimate partners is essential from a young age to lessen psychosocial issues in the future.
Association of Diagnosed Obstructive Sleep Apnea with Hospitalization and Mortality in a Retrospective New York City COVID-19 Surge Cohort with a Risk Prediction Model
Authors: Pranevicius Mindaugas , Parsikia Afshin , Golden Leon , Castaldi Maria , Casper James P. , Kaban Jody , Todor Roxane , Pranevicius Osvaldas 
Published: October 2022

Background:
COVID-19 infection is more severe in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) with unclear modification by risk factors. Additionally, there is no scoring algorithm for probability of admission.

Methods:
On 8/4/2020 we queried New York City Health and Hospitals system database for patients above 15 years old who tested positive for COVID-19 during the surge. The target was diagnosed OSA. The timeframe was between 3/24/2020 and 6/7/2020 with limited elective hospital admissions. We calculated case-control-matched odds ratios for admission, intubation, and death. Additionally, we introduced a scoring system to predict the probability of admission due to COVID19 infection in the presence of OSA and other comorbidities.

Results:
Out of 19,593 COVID positive patients 306 (1.6%) had documented OSA. On multivariate analysis, the adjusted odds ratios for patients with OSA were 2.04 (CI 1.32-3.16, p 0.001) for admission, 1.05 (0.73-1.52, p 0.784) for intubation and 1.23 (CI 0.95-1.61, p 0.122) for mortality. After matching and comparing to a randomly selected non-OSA patients, the adjusted odds ratio for the same outcomes were 2.21 (1.41-3.46, p <0.001)-admission, 1.28 (0.83-1.98, p 0.256)-intubation and 1.69 (1.24-2.28, p<0.001)-mortality. Per our developed 11-point scoring algorithm, the risk of admission for these patients is almost 90% when the summation of points is as a low as 4 out of 11.

Conclusion:
Diagnosis of OSA is associated with hospital admission and mortality in COVID patients. This should be considered during triage and therapy decisions. Presented scoring model for estimated risk of admission could serve as a quantitative tool to estimate risk of admission.