bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Soil texture is a stronger driver of the maize rhizosphere microbiome and extracellular enzyme activities than soil depth or the presence of root hairs
Authors: Yim Bunlong , Ibrahim Zeeshan , Rüger Lioba , Ganther Minh , Maccario Lorrie , Sørensen Søren J. , Heintz-Buschart Anna , Tarkka Mika T. , Vetterlein Doris , Bonkowski Michael , Blagodatskaya Evgenia , Smalla Kornelia 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
AimsDifferent drivers are known to shape rhizosphere microbiome assembly. How soil texture (Texture) and presence or lack of root hairs (Root Hair) of plants affect the rhizosphere microbiome assembly and soil potential extracellular enzyme activities (EEA) at defined rooting depth (Depth) is still a knowledge gap. We investigated effects of these drivers on microbial assembly in rhizosphere and on potential EEA in root-affected soil of maize. MethodsSamples were taken from three depths of root hair defective mutant rth3 and wild-type WT maize planted on loam and sand in soil columns after 22 days. Rhizosphere bacterial, archaeal, fungal and cercozoan communities were analysed by sequencing of 16S rRNA gene, ITS and 18S rRNA gene fragments. Soil potential EEA of ß-glucosidase, acid phosphatase and chitinase were estimated using fluorogenic substrates. ResultsThe bacterial, archaeal and cercozoan alpha- and beta-diversity were significantly, and strongly altered by Texture, followed by Depth and Root Hair. Texture and Depth had a small impact on fungal assembly, and only fungal beta-diversity was significantly affected. Significant impacts by Depth and Root Hair on beta-diversity and relative abundances at taxonomic levels of bacteria, archaea, fungi and cercozoa were dependent on Texture. Likewise, the patterns of potential EEA followed the trends of microbial communities, and the potential EEA correlated with the relative abundances of several taxa.ConclusionsTexture was the strongest driver of rhizosphere microbiome and of soil potential EEA, followed by Depth and Root Hair, similarly to findings in maize root architecture and plant gene expression studies.
Enablers and barriers to post-discharge follow-up among women who have undergone a cesarean section: Experiences from a prospective cohort in rural Rwanda
Authors: Nkurunziza Theoneste , Riviello Robert , Kateera Frederick , Nihiwacu Edison , Nkurunziza Jonathan , Gruendl Magdalena , Klug Stefanie J. , Hedt-Gauthier Bethany 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background:Caesarean sections account for roughly one third of all surgical procedures performed in low-income countries. Due to lack of standardised post-discharge follow-up protocols and practices, most of available data are extracted from clinical charts during hospitalization and are thus sub-optimal for answering post-discharge outcomes questions. This study aims to determine enablers and barriers to returning to the hospital after discharge among women who have undergone a c-section at a rural district hospital in Rwanda. Methods:Women aged ≥ 18 years who underwent c-section at Kirehe District Hospital in rural Rwanda in the period March to October 2017 were prospectively followed. At discharge, consenting women were given an appointment to return for follow-up on postoperative day 10 (POD 10) (±3days) and provided a voucher to cover transport and compensation for participation to be redeemed on their return. Study participants received a reminder call on the eve of their scheduled appointment. We used a backward stepwise logistic regression, at an α=0.05 significance level, to identify enablers and barriers associated with post-discharge follow-up return. Results:Of 586 study participants, the majority were between 21-30 years old (62.6%, n=367), had primary education (70.0%, n=410), were farmers (86.7%, n=508), earned less than 31.8 Euro/month (92.7%, n=543), had a phone contact number (86.4%, n=506), and were discharged by POD3 (73.2% n=423). Of those eligible, 90.4% (n=530) returned for follow-up. The predictors of return were counseling by a female data collector (OR=9.85, 95%CI:1.43-37.59) and receiving a reminder call (OR=16.47, 95%CI:7.07-38.38). Having no insurance reduced the odds of returning to follow-up (OR=0.03, 95%CI:0.03-0.23), and those who spent more than 10.6 Euro for transport to and from the hospital were less likely to return to follow-up (OR=0.14, 95%CI:0.04- 0.50). Conclusion:mHealh interventions using calls or notifications can increase the post-discharge follow-up uptake. The reminder calls to patients and counselling by a gender-matching provider had a positive effect on return to care. Further interventions are needed targeting the uninsured and patients facing transportation hardship. Additionally, association between counseling of women patients by a female data collector and greater return to follow-up needs further exploration to optimize counseling procedures.
Planning the yaw correction trajectory based on the motor current detection
Authors: weiqiang ying , kuang cheng , Zhang Lingyan , Yao Cheng , Ying Fangtian , Luo Shijian 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This paper describes distributed adaptive methods for solving the trajectory distortion control problem of intelligent lawnmowers. The strategy we have chosen is to use the association of motor current changes with changes in the movement patterns of the trajectory to try to modify the relationship between the fuzzy controller and the Proportional Integral Derivative(PID)controller based on traditional fuzzy PID control theory in order to Design a new low-cost control scheme that uses the differences between current detection and linearized models as data feedback, interpolates these linear models with the Takagi-Sugeno(T-S)fuzzy method\cite{1985Fuzzy} to approximate the entire non-linear model, and then the concept of parallel distributed compensation(PDC)synthesizes a state feedback controller. A linear quadratic regulator(LQR)is used to stabilize the system and achieve the desired response. A PID fuzzy control method is then used to form the control of the intelligent lawnmower motor.This strategy uses data feedback obtained by monitoring the left and right motor current fluctuations, and it can be seen from the practical results that the proposed method is effective in obtaining an ideal linear path with good tracking behavior in various situations.And this paper uses the current monitoring changes control method to determine whether the bias voltage tested and confirmed that the method can achieve stable path control.
Research on Object Detection of High Resolution Remote Sensing Image based on Improved YOLOV4 Algorithm
Authors: Li Zairui , Zheng Yongguo , Dong-ye Changlei , Wang Ping , Yasir Muhammad 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Object detection is one of the fundamental tasks in computer vision. Although excellent progress has been made, there still exist challenges for objects with dense distribution, fuzzy feature, and small size. This paper presents a detector for object detection of small size in High-Resolution remote sensing images, namely SF-YOLOV4. The proposed SF-YOLOV4 exploits information for shallow layers and contextual information along with spatial attention to address the above challenges. Specifically, a shallow semantic information extraction network(SFN) is designed which introduces low-level semantic information into the backbone, to alleviate the loss of the small object features. Meanwhile, we replace the original Nick with multi-scale context feature pyramid (MSC-FPN) to improve the utilization of lower layers information and integrate the context information, we also add spatial attention module to find attention region at different scales. Experiments on two remote sensings public datasets DIOR and RSOD show the good detection performance of SF-YOLOV4.
Size of contralateral aneurysm: an indicator of Posterior Communicating artery mirror aneurysm management
Authors: Li Jiayao , Wang Chao , Chang Jia-Yi , Xu Dong-Mei , Zhou Han , Li Huanting , Li Shifang , Feng Yugong 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Introduction: Intracranial mirror aneurysm is one of the subspecies of multiple intracranial aneurysms. The clear consensus on the treatment of mirror aneurysms has not come into existence. We investigated the preoperative value for radiographic data of Posterior Communicating artery (PComA) mirror aneurysms in operation choosing.Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed patients with PComA mirror aneurysms treated with clipping from December 1997 to April 2019. The PComA mirror aneurysms were confirmed by computed tomographic angiography or digital substraction angiography and PComA mirror aneurysms patients with other aneurysms complicated were excluded. Patients’ radiographic data, general clinical data and Modified Rankin Score were analysed by R 4.1.2.Results: 33 PComA mirror aneurysm patients were analysed. Mirror aneurysms were clipped by one-stage unilateral craniotomy approach in 10 of 33. There was one factor that was statistically significant. In patients accepted unilateral approach, the size of silence aneurysm tended to be in the range of 5.1mm to 10mmDiscussion: The size of silent aneurysm performs as an indicator for neuro- surgeon in choosing management strategy of mirror aneurysms. Thus it is helpful to measure the size of silence aneurysm before operation.
Comparative Intra- and Inter-observer Reliability of Two Methods for Evaluating Intraoperative Ultrasonography-based Spinal Cord Hyperechogenicity Intensity in Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy
Authors: Wu Huachuan , Chen Guoliang , Li Xianlong , Zhu Zhengya , Xu Zuofeng , Liu Xizhe , Liu Shaoyu 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Objective: To acquire a higher-reliability method, and compare the in-observer and inter-observer reliability of two methods in evaluating the hyperechoic intensity of spinal cord ultrasound in degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM).Materials and Methods: Totally 28 patients (20 males and 8 females) who had been followed up for 12 months were included. Their mean age at surgery was 61.2±10.8 years and the average symptom duration was 23.36±22.11 months. The gray values of circles 1, 2 and 3 were recorded as Gcompression, Gnorml and Gsac, respectively. The gray value ratio (GVR) was calculated as follows: GVR-A= Gcompression/Gnorml (method A), and GVR-B= Gcompression/Gsac (method B). The in-observer and inter-observer reliabilities of the two methods were compared. It is generally believed a reliability coefficient < 0.40 and > 0.75 indicate poor and good reliability respectively. The images-based GVR-B using this protocol demonstrates higher inter- and intraobserver reliabilities than GVR-A, and can be used as the basis for prognostic prediction and future studies.Results: All examination acquisitions were successfully completed. GVR-A averaged 2.043 (0.318–5.56), and GVR-B averaged 0.578(0.06–1.41). GVR-B has better repeatability of gray value measurement, smaller RSD% (0.298 vs. 0.32) and larger inter-group correlation coefficient compared with GVR-A. The mean value (MD) of the GVR difference calculated by GVR-B between the two clinicians was closer to 0.Conclusions: For DCM patients routinely using ultrasound for real-time cord visualization during spinal cord decompression by French-door laminoplasty, the images-based GVR-B using this protocol demonstrates better inter- and intraobserver reliabilities compared with GVR-A.
Circulating Tumor Cells Detected in Follow-up Predict Survival Outcomes in Tri- modality Management of Advanced Non-Metastatic Esophageal Cancer: A Secondary Analysis of the QUINTETT Randomized Trial
Authors: Yu Edward , Allan Alison L. , Sanatani Michael , Lewis Debra , Warner Andrew , Dar A. Rashid , Yaremko Brian P. , Lowes Lori E. , Palma David A. , Raphael Jacques , Vincent Mark D. , Rodrigues George B. , Fortin Dalilah , Inculet Richard I. , Frechette Eric , Bierer Joel , Law Jeffery , Younus Jawaid , Malthaner Richard A. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Our aim was to establish if presence of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) predicted worse outcome in patients with non-metastatic esophageal cancer undergoing tri-modality therapy. Methods: We prospectively collected CTC data from patients with operable non-metastatic esophageal cancer from April 2009 to November 2016 enrolled in our QUINTETT esophageal cancer randomized trial (NCT00907543). Patients were randomized to receive either neoadjuvant cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) plus radiotherapy followed by surgical resection (Neoadjuvant) or adjuvant cisplatin, 5-FU, and epirubicin chemotherapy with concurrent extended volume radiotherapy following surgical resection (Adjuvant). CTCs were identified with the CellSearch® system before the initiation of any treatment (surgery or chemoradiotherapy) as well as at 6-, 12-, and 24-months post-treatment. The threshold for CTC positivity was one and the findings were correlated with patient prognosis. Results: CTC data were available for 74 of 96 patients and identified in 27 patients (36.5%) at a median follow-up of 13.1months (interquartile range:6.8-24.1 months). Detection of CTCs at any follow-up visit was significantly predictive of worse disease-free survival (DFS;hazard ratio [HR]: 2.44; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.41-4.24; p=0.002), regional control (HR: 6.18; 95% CI: 1.18-32.35; p=0.031), distant control (HR: 2.93; 95% CI: 1.52-5.65;p=0.001) and overall survival (OS;HR: 2.02; 95% CI: 1.16-3.51; p=0.013). After adjusting for receiving neoadjuvant vs. adjuvant chemoradiotherapy, the presence of CTCs at any follow-up visit remained significantly predictive of worse OS ([HR]:2.02;95% [Cl]:1.16-3.51; p=0.013) and DFS (HR: 2.49;95% Cl: 1.43-4.33; p=0.001). Similarly, any observed increase in CTCs was significantly predictive of worse OS (HR: 3.14; 95% CI: 1.56-6.34; p=0.001) and DFS (HR: 3.34; 95% CI: 1.67-6.69; p<0.001). Conclusion: The presence of CTCs in patients during follow-up after tri-modality therapy was associated with significantly poorer DFS and OS regardless of timing of chemoradiotherapy.
Worldwide seismic observations of low frequency signals related to the 15 January 2022 Hunga-Tonga volcanic eruption
Authors: Diaz Jordi 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The eruption of the Hunga-Tonga volcano produced a high-energy explosion that was recorded globally by different scientific instruments, including broad-band seismometers. Seismic data recorded on global seismic networks is used to explore three main topics; the time evolution of the eruption, the atmospheric waves revolving around the Earth and the low-frequency, long-lasting signals recorded worldwide in the hours after the main event. From the inspection of the data we can assess that the eruption started on January 15 around 04:05 UTC, several minutes before the origin time reported in the seismic catalogs and included two large explosions at 05:30 and 08:35. As for the atmospheric waves, their energy was enough to be detected seismically during more than two complete circumambulations of the Earth, during a time span of three and a half days. The most notable seismic feature has been the low-frequency signals detected over several hours and interpreted as resulting from the excitation of Earth normal modes. To our knowledge, there are no previous examples of atmospheric-solid Earth coupling over such a long time interval and only two examples of normal mode excitation following volcanic eruptions, identified for the 1982 El Chinchón and the 1991 Mount Pinatubo eruptions.
Knocking down HIF-1α expression inhibits lung metastasis of breast cancer cell line 4T1 by attenuating EMT
Authors: Zhao Jinjin , Zhang Haiguang , Liu Yaqian , Lu Guangjian , Wang Zhaohui , Mo Qingjiang , Jiao Luyang 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Globally, women’s healthy and survival were threatened by breast cancer. Clarify the mechanism of distal metastasis of breast cancer will provide precise control and prolong patients’ lifetime. It’s well known that HIF-1α play important roles in breast cancer, however, few studies have directly examined the impact of knocking down HIF-1α on lung metastasis of breast cancer. In this study, HIF-1α was knocked down in mice breast cancer cell line 4T1 to explore its role on breast cancer lung metastasis.Methods: HIF-1Α knocked down lentivirus pHBL-U6-MSC-shHIF-1Α-GFP-PURO was transfected to 4T1 cells to construct HIF-1α low expression cells model while pHBL-U6-MSC-GFP-PURO was used as control. The transfection efficiency of lentivirus was observed by fluorescence microscope and flow cytometry, HIF-1α knock down was tested by Q-PCR and western blot. Would healing and transwell migration were used to detect the migration ability of cells in vitro. Mouse lung metastasis model was used to verify cells metastasis in vivo.Results: Lower expression of HIF-1α was detected in HIF-1Α knocked down 4T1 cells. Decreased HIF-1α expression repressed migration of 4T1 cells in vitro and reduced lung metastasis in mice breast cancer model. Moreover, HIF-1α’s down expression sponges E-cadherin up-regulation and Vimentin down-regulation to inhibit EMT, therefor reduced lung metastasis.Conclusions: our study revealed that HIF-1α knocked down inhibited lung metastasis of 4T1 breast cancer in vivo by suppressed EMT, thus inspiring a new treatment for breast cancer.
A European nudibranch new to the Gulf of Maine: Doris pseudoargus Rapp, 1827.
Authors: Harris Larry G. , Shure Alex , Kuzirian Alan , Gosliner Terrence M. , Donodoo Samantha A. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The Gulf of Maine has seen an increasing number of introduced species, some of which have had significant impacts on benthic community structure. In 2017, a number of specimens of the European dorid nudibranch, Doris pseudoargus, were observed on rocky ledges in waters off Cape Ann, Massachusetts. The presence of numerous specimens and egg masses suggested that the species had been established before 2017. Subsequent observations and collections have discovered specimens ranging from sites off Wedgeport, Nova Scotia to the northern end of the Cape Cod Canal. Genetic analysis has confirmed the species as Doris pseudoargus and similar to specimens from European locations. Historically, the Gulf of Maine had only one species of sponge feeding nudibranch. Unlike this endemic, stenotrophic feeding dorid, the introduction of a large sized, sponge predator known to feed on diverse sponge species has the potential to significantly impact community structure, as evidenced on vertical rocky substrates where its natural history has been observed.
Altered Functional Responses by PAR1 Agonist in Murine Dextran Sodium Sulphate-treated Colon
Authors: Sung Tae Sik , Moon Suk Bae , Perrino Brian A. , Sanders Kenton M. , Koh Sang Don 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Protease-activated receptor-1 (PAR1) is highly expressed in murine colonic smooth muscles. Responses to PAR1 activation are complex and result from responses in multiple cell types. We investigated whether PAR1 responses are altered in inflamed colon induced by dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-treatment. Colitis was induced in C57BL/6 mice by administration of 3% DSS in drinking water for 7 days. Measurements of isometric force, transmembrane potentials from impaled smooth muscle cells, quantitative PCR and Western blots were performed. Thrombin, an activator of PAR1, caused transient hyperpolarization and relaxation of untreated colons, but these responses decreased in DSS-treated colons. Apamin caused depolarization and increased contractions of muscles from untreated mice. This response was decreased in DSS-treated colons. Expression of Kcnn3 and Pdgfra also decreased in DSS-treated muscles. A second phase of thrombin responses is depolarization and increased contractions in untreated muscles. However, thrombin did cause depolarization in DSS-treated colon, yet it increased colonic contractions. The latter effect was associated with enhanced expression of MYPT1 and CPI-17. In summary, DSS treatment causes loss of transient relaxations due to downregulation of SK3 channels in PDGFRα+ cells and increases contractile responses due to increased Ca2+ sensitization of smooth muscle cells via PAR1 activation.
Seaweed and its role in enhancing yield and antioxidant properties in sweet corn
Authors: Das Anindita , Murmu Kanu , Bandopadhyay Pintoo , Roy Moupiya 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Nutrient management plays a crucial role in the yield and quality of sweet corn. A field experiment was conducted during the years 2018 and 2019 to investigate the effect of organic and standard sources of fertilizer on the yield and quality of sweet corn within the new soil of West Bengal, India. The organic sources (OS) of fertilizer were vermicompost (VC), (Ascophyllum nodosum) Soligro granular (OS1), Bioenzyme liquid (OS2), and Opteine (Ascophyllum nodosum) filtrate (OS3). The traditional input was chemical fertilizer (CF) applied at the recommended dose of 150:75:75 kg ha-1 of N: P2O5:K2O for the sweet corn. The organic source VC was wont to supply 100% N recommendation as one source or 50% N recommendation when combined with CF or organic sources. Maximum fruit yield was recorded when recommended dose of Fertilizer (RDF) CF was applied at full dose, which was on a par with 50% recommended dose of chemical fertilizer together with 50% recommended dose of vermicompost on a nitrogen equivalent basis and VC at the total recommendation. A better percentage of large-size cob (> 25 cm) was obtained in VC-based treatments compared with CF treatment. Vermicompost at full dose increased antioxidant, carotenoid, and phenol content compared with its half dose together with other sources. The potential exists to enhance sweet corn cob quality through better nutrient management, whether or not it's conventional, organic, or a mix of both.
A novel necroptosis-related genes signature for predicting the prognosis of thyroid cancer
Authors: Sun Wei , Wang Zhiyuan , Wu Pu , Shi Jinyuan , Ji Xiaoyu , Zhang Hao 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Necroptosis, a type of programmed cell death, has been implicated in a variety of cancer-related biological processes. However, the roles of necroptosis-related genes in thyroid cancer yet remain unknown.Methods: A necroptosis-related gene signature was constructed using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis and Cox regression analysis. The predictive value of the prognostic signature was validated in an internal cohort. Additionally, the single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) was used to examine the relationships between necroptosis and immune cells, immunological functions, and immune checkpoints. Finally, the modeled gene expression was validated in clinical tumor and normal tissue samples.Results: In this study, the risk signature of seven necroptosis-related genes was created to predict the prognosis of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) patients, and all patients were divided into high- and low-risk groups. Patients in the high-risk group fared worse in terms of overall survival than those in the low-risk group. The area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves proved the predictive capability of created signature. The risk score was found to be an independent risk factor for prognosis in multivariate Cox analysis. The low-risk group showed increased immune cell infiltration and immunological activity, implying that they might respond better to immune checkpoint inhibitor medication. Finally, GEO database and qRT-PCR were used to validate the expression of the seven modeled genes in PTCs, and the results were compatible with TCGA database.Conclusions: The created necroptosis-related risk signature may have an effective predictive in the and prognosis of PTC. The findings of this study could pave the way for further research into the link between necroptosis and tumor immunotherapy.