bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens L.) as a high-potential agent for bioconversion of municipal primary sewage sludge
Authors: Arnone Silvia , De Mei Massimiliano , Petrazzuolo Francesco , Musmeci Sergio , Tonelli Lorenzo , Salvicchi Andrea , Defilippo Francesco , Curatolo Michele , Bonilauri Paolo 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe treatment of municipal wastewater produces clean water and sewage sludge (MSS), the management of which has become a serious problem in Europe. The typical destination of MSS is to spread it on land, but the presence of heavy metals and pollutants raises environmental and health concerns. Bioconversion mediated by larvae of black soldier fly (BSFL) Hermetia illucens (Diptera, Stratiomyidae: Hermetiinae) may be a strategy for managing MSS. The process adds value by generating larvae which contain proteins and lipids that are suitable for feed and/or for industrial or energy applications, and a residue as soil conditioner. MSS from the treatment plant of Ladispoli (Rome province) was mixed with an artificial fly diet at 50% and 75% (fresh weight basis) to feed BSFL. Larval performance, substrate reduction, and the concentrations of 12 metals in the initial and residual substrates and in larval bodies at the end of the experiments were assessed. Larval survival (> 96%) was not affected. Larval weight, larval development, larval protein and lipid content, and waste reduction increased in proportion the increase of the co-substrate (fly diet). The concentration of most of the 12 elements in the residue was reduced and, in the cases of Cu and Zn, the quantities dropped under the Italian national maximum permissible content for fertilizers. The content of metals in mature larvae did not exceed the maximum allowed concentration in raw material for feed for the European Directive. This study contributes to highlight the potential of BSF for MSS recovery and its valorization. The proportion of fly diet in the mixture influenced the process, and the one with the highest co-substrate percentage performed best. Future research using other wastes or by-products as co-substrate of MSS should be explored to determine their suitability.
Internet, Big Data und digitale Plattformen: Politische Ökonomie – Kommunikation – Regulierung
Authors: Dolata Ulrich , Schrape Jan-Felix 
Published: April 2022

ZusammenfassungIn diesem einleitenden Beitrag stellen die Herausgeber des Sonderheftes 2022 derKölner Zeitschrift für Soziologie und Sozialpsychologiedessen inhaltliche Ausrichtung und Themenfelder vor. Die Beiträge des Heftes befassen sich aus unterschiedlichen Blickwinkeln – empirisch, theoretisch und historisch rekonstruierend – mit den organisationalen, sozioökonomischen und regulativen Eigenheiten des plattformbasierten Internets, analysieren dessen Auswirkungen auf die politische Kommunikation und Öffentlichkeit, untersuchen die Lebenszyklen und Ausprägungen von vorderhand offen strukturierten Online-Gemeinschaften und diskutieren zentrale methodologische Herausforderungen für die empirische Sozialforschung, die mit dem rasant anwachsenden Bestand an (oft in privatwirtschaftlichen Kontexten generierten) digitalen Daten verbunden sind. Zusammengenommen liefern die hier versammelten Beiträge einen profunden Überblick über wesentliche Bereiche der aktuellen soziologischen Internetforschung, ohne dabei der Versuchung zu unterliegen, auf griffige Hypes aufzuspringen oder schnelle Generalisierungen auf schmaler empirischer Basis vorzunehmen.
Risk-stratified papillary thyroid microcarcinoma: post-operative management and treatment outcome in a single center
Authors: Kanokwongnuwat Wasit , Larbcharoensub Noppadol , Sriphrapradang Chutintorn , Suppasilp Chaiyawat , Thamnirat Kanungnij , Sakulpisuti Chaninart , Kositwattanarerk Arpakorn , Utamakul Chirawat , Sritara Chanika , Chamroonrat Wichana 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose
This article aims to review and assess the post-operative management and treatment outcomes of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) in risk-stratified patients.

Methods
We retrospectively analyzed the data of PTMC patients who underwent thyroid surgery with or without radioactive iodine treatment (RAI) in a single center between January 2011 and December 2017. Demographic and clinicopathologic data were collected. Risk stratification according to the 2015 American Thyroid Association guideline was applied.

Results
Three hundred forty PTMC patients were included. Post-operative RAI was performed in 216/340 (63.53%) patients. In the non-RAI scenario, there were 122 low-risk and two intermediate-risk patients. In total, 261 (76.77%), 57 (16.76%), and 22 (6.47%) patients were classified as low, intermediate, and high risk, respectively. With a median follow-up time of 36 months (interquartile range: 23, 52), we found unfavorable outcomes (evidenced by imaging or out-of-range serum tumor marker levels: high thyroglobulin [Tg] or rising Tg antibody [TgAb] levels) in 8/340 (2.35%) patients, all of which received RAI. PTMC patients with unfavorable outcomes were stratified as low risk (4/261 [1.53%]), intermediate risk (1/57 [1.75%]), or high risk (3/22 [13.64%]). One death occurred in a patient with initial distant metastasis in the high-risk group. Initial high-risk stratification and initial stimulated Tg (of at least 10 ng/mL) were demonstrated as independent predictors for PTMC unfavorable outcomes (persistent or recurrent disease). Five patients with unfavorable outcomes (four with persistent disease and one with recurrent disease) had abnormal Tg or TgAb values despite unremarkable imaging findings. Moreover, 79/124 (63.71%) patients in the non-RAI scenario were only followed up with neck ultrasound.

Conclusions
In general, at least 98% of low-risk and intermediate-risk PTMC patients showed favorable outcomes without persistent or recurrent disease, defined by either imaging or serum tumor markers. Nevertheless, aggressive disease could occur in few PTMC patients. Decisions on post-operative management and follow-up may be guided by initial high-risk stratification and initial stimulated Tg levels (≥10 ng/mL) as independent predictors for PTMC unfavorable outcomes. Monitoring using both imaging and serum tumor markers is crucial and should be implemented for patients with PTMC.
Long-term Olfactory Functions in Patients with Subjective Cognitive Decline and Mild Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Novotny D. , Stögmann E. , Lehrner J. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Introduction
Olfactory function is known to be impaired in patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) as well as in subjective cognitive decline (SCD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI), which are generally considered at-risk states for developing AD. The aim of the study at hand was to identify predictors of self-reported olfaction capability (SOC), self-reported capability of perceiving specific odors (SRP), olfaction-related quality of life (ORQ), and odor identification (OIT) in patients with SCD, naMCI, and aMCI.

Methods
The sample consisted of 33 patients with SCD, 88 with naMCI, and 43 with aMCI who consulted the Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, due to memory complaints between January 2001 and May 2018. Olfactory function was assessed objectively by means of the Sniffin’ Sticks odor identification test (OIT) and subjectively by means of the ASOF-scores SOC, SRP, and ORQ at two to three points in time, with an average time interval of 39 months between the first and second examination, and 24 months between the second and third examination. Linear mixed models were used in order to identify clinical and demographic variables as predictors of mean SOC, SRP, ORQ, and OIT throughout the observation period.

Results
There was a statistically significant — albeit small — time-related decline of SOC and ORQ in the SCD group but not in other groups. Throughout the observation period, estimated ORQ was significantly higher in the SCD group than in the naMCI and estimated OIT was significantly higher in the naMCI group than in the aMCI group after adjusting for time of measurement and other covariates. Positive relationships between OIT and all three ASOF-scores, negative relationships between BDI-II and SOC and ORQ, and a positive relationship between WST-IQ and SRP were identified.

Conclusion
There is a statistically significant, albeit small, time-related decline of uncertain clinical relevance in subjective measures of olfactory capability and olfaction-related quality of life in patients with SCD.

Implications
In all subgroups, objectively measured odor-identification scores have a significant impact on subjective scores over time. The study at hand confirms previous observations regarding the negative influence of depression on subjective perception of olfactory capabilities known from cross-sectional studies.
Biomedical engineering in low- and middle-income settings: analysis of current state, challenges and best practices
Authors: De Maria Carmelo , Díaz Lantada Andrés , Jämsä Timo , Pecchia Leandro , Ahluwalia Arti 
Published: April 2022

AbstractSupporting the expansion of best practices in Biomedical Engineering (BME) can facilitate pathway toward the providing universal health coverage and more equitable and accessible healthcare technologies, especially in low- and middle-income (LMI) settings. These best practices can act as drivers of change and may involve scientific-technological issues, human intervention during technology development, educational aspects, social performance management for improved interactions along the medical technology life cycle, methods for managing resources and approaches for the establishment of regulatory frameworks.The aim of our study was to identify weaknesses and strengths of the scientific, technological, socio-political, regulatory and educational landscape in BME in LMI resource settings. We thus analysed the current state-of-the-art through six dimensions considered fundamental for advancing quality and equity in healthcare: 1) relevant and 2) emergent technologies, 3) new paradigms in medical technology development, 4) innovative BME education, 5) regulation and standardization for novel approaches, and 6) policy making. In order to evaluate and compare their relevance, maturity and implementation challenges, they were assessed through a questionnaire to which 100 professionals from 35 countries with recognized experience in the field of BME and its application to LMI settings responded.The results are presented and discussed, highlighting the main challenges and pinpointing relevant areas where intervention, including local lobbying and international promotion of best practices is necessary. We were also able to identify areas where minimal effort is required to make big changes in global health.
Climatology of developing and nondeveloping disturbances for tropical cyclone genesis over the western North Pacific
Authors: Gu Yaru , Wu Liang , Zhan Ruifen , Wen Zhiping 
Published: April 2022

AbstractTropical disturbances play an important role in the formation of tropical cyclones (TCs), but their climate characteristics are still poorly understood. The present study investigated the characteristics of tropical disturbances over the western North Pacific (WNP) for the period 1965–2020 using the reanalysis datasets. An algorithm based on the threshold of synoptic-scale vorticity and convection was developed to identify and track tropical disturbances. Approximately 116 tropical disturbances were detected primitively in the WNP from June to November each year, and about 13.1% of them subsequently developed into TCs. These developing disturbances contributed to the formation of 80.9% TCs in the WNP. Compared with nondeveloping disturbances, the position of developing disturbances is more eastward and southward, whereas the majority of their lifetimes and propagation speeds are similar. The annual numbers of developing disturbances exhibit significant interannual (interdecadal) variability. The percentage of TCs associated with disturbances also experiences a significant inverse interdecadal relationship with the number of TC genesis in the WNP, indicating that the formation probability of TCs is inconsistent with the transition probability from disturbances to TCs. In addition, the long-term trends of developing and nondeveloping disturbances suggest that global warming might be responsible for more tropical disturbances in the WNP instead of higher transition probability from disturbances to TCs.
Robert C. Dunnell's Systematics in prehistory at 50
Authors: Riede Felix , Araujo Astolfo , Marwick Ben 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The year 2021 marked the fiftieth anniversary of the publication of Robert C. Dunnell's (Free Press, 1971) diminutive yet dense Systematics in prehistory. At the height of the debate between Culture History and New Archaeology, Dunnell's work sought to address a more fundamental issue that was and still is relevant to all branches of prehistoric archaeology, and especially to the study of the Palaeolithic: systematics. Dunnell himself was notorious and controversial, but the importance of his work remains underappreciated. Like other precocious works of that tumultuous time, Systematics in prehistory today remains absent from most course reading lists and gathers dust on library shelves. In this contribution we argue for a greater appreciation of its as yet unfulfilled conceptual and analytical promise. In particular, we briefly chart its somewhat delayed impact via evolutionary archaeology, including how it has also influenced non-Anglophone traditions, especially in South America. The obstinate persistence of classification issues in palaeoanthropology and palaeoarchaeology, we argue, warrants a second look at Dunnell's Systematics.
FRESHWATER RESERVOIR EFFECTS IN ARCHAEOLOGICAL CONTEXTS OF SIBERIA AND THE EURASIAN STEPPE
Authors: Svyatko Svetlana V , Reimer Paula J , Schulting Rick J , Shevnina Irina , Logvin Andrei , Voyakin Dmitriy , Stobbe Astrid , Merts Ilya V , Varfolomeev Viсtor , Soenov Vasilii , Tsydenova Natalia 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACTIn this paper we evaluate the extent of freshwater reservoir effects (37 samples across 12 locations) and present new data from various archaeological sites in the Eurasian Steppe. Together with a summary of previous research on modern and archaeological samples, this provides the most up-to-date map of the freshwater reservoir offsets in the region. The data confirm previous observations highlighting that FREs are widespread but highly variable in the Eurasian Steppe in both modern and archaeological samples. Radiocarbon dates from organisms consuming aquatic sources, including humans, dogs, bears, aquatic birds and terrestrial herbivores (such as elk feeding on water plants), fish and aquatic mammals, as well as food crusts, could be misleading, but need to be assessed on a case-by-case basis.
RADIOCARBON CONSTRAINTS ON PERIODS OF POSITIVE CAVE ICE MASS BALANCE DURING THE LAST MILLENNIUM, JULIAN ALPS (NW SLOVENIA)
Authors: Racine Tanguy M F , Spötl Christoph , Reimer Paula J , Čarga Jana 
Published: April 2022

ABSTRACTCaves containing perennial ice deposits make up a little-known, but emerging part of the cryosphere under increasing scrutiny from the scientific community. M-17, a sag-type ice cave opening at 1879 m asl in the Tolminski Migovec massif of the Julian Alps (NW Slovenia) contains a perennial underground ice deposit whose paleoclimate sensitivity is poorly understood and whose longevity under current climate change is at risk. The past mass balance of this cave is constrained using wood macro-remains embedded in ice. Accelerator mass spectrometry radiocarbon dating of 18 wood samples embedded in ice provides the largest currently available dataset for a subterranean ice deposit in the southern European Alps. The reconstructed chronostratigraphy reveals three main phases of likely positive ice balance around 900–1100 AD, 1200–1300 AD, and 1700–1800 AD, as well as a period of negative mass balance around 1300–1400 AD. The onset of cave glaciation is deemed to have occurred no later than about 900 AD, with evidence of overall positive ice mass balance during multi-decadal periods characterized by cooler-than-average summers and wetter-than-average springs. Conversely, negative mass balance is recorded during a period warmer-than-average summers and dry springs. The cave has experienced ice mass loss since its discovery in the 1980s.
Dietary l-carnitine regulates liver lipid metabolism via simultaneously activating fatty acid β-oxidation and suppressing endoplasmic reticulum stress in large yellow croaker fed with high-fat diets
Authors: Li Jia-Min , Zhang Zhou , Kong Adong , Lai Wencong , Xu Wenxuan , Cao Xiufei , Zhao Manxi , Li Jinbao , Shentu Jikang , Guo Xiaohua , Mai Kangsen , Ai Qinghui 
Published: April 2022

AbstractDietary l-carnitine (LC) is a nutritional factor that reduces liver lipid content. However, whether dietary LC can improve lipid metabolism via simultaneous activation of mitochondrial fatty acid (FA) β-oxidation and suppression of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is still unknown. Large yellow croaker were fed with a high-fat diet (HFD) supplemented with dietary LC at 0, 1·2 or 2·4 ‰ for 10 weeks. The results indicated that a HFD supplemented with LC reduced the liver total lipid and TAG content and improved serum lipid profiles. LC supplementation administered to this fish increased the liver antioxidant capacity by decreasing serum and liver malondialdehyde levels and enhancing the liver antioxidant capacity, which then relieved the liver damage. Dietary LC increased the ATP dynamic process and mitochondrial number, decreased mitochondrial DNA damage and enhanced the protein expression of mitochondrial β-oxidation, biogenesis and mitophagy. Furthermore, dietary LC supplementation increased the expression of genes and proteins related to peroxisomal β-oxidation and biogenesis. Interestingly, feeding fish with LC-enriched diets decreased the protein levels indicative of ER stress, such as glucose-regulated protein 78, p-eukaryotic translational initiation factor 2a and activating transcription factor 6. Dietary LC supplementation downregulated mRNA expression relative to FA synthesis, reduced liver lipid and relieved liver damage through regulating β-oxidation and biogenesis of mitochondria and peroxisomes, as well as the ER stress pathway in fish fed with HFD. The present study provides the first evidence that dietary LC can improve lipid metabolism via simultaneously promoting FA β-oxidation capability and suppressing the ER stress pathway in fish.
Comparative molecular and morphological study of Stenoponia tripectinata tripectinata (Siphonaptera: Stenoponiidae) from the Canary Islands and Corsica
Authors: Zurita Antonio , García-Sánchez Ángela María , Cutillas Cristina 
Published: April 2022

AbstractStenoponia tripectinata tripectinata (Tiraboschi, 1902) is the most prevalent subspecies, within the genus Stenoponia, in the Mediterranean area. This rodent flea is widely distributed throughout southwestern Europe and the North of Africa including Mediterranean islands and the Canary Islands. Nevertheless, from a taxonomical and systematic point, this flea group has been neglected over the years. Therefore, the aim of this study was to carry out a comparative morphometric, phylogenetic, and molecular study of two populations of S. t. tripectinata isolated from rodents collected from different islands from the Canary Archipelago and from Corsica to clarify the taxonomic status of these two isolated populations and to assess the morphological and molecular differentiation between them. For this purpose, we have analyzed several morphological traits and sequenced five molecular markers (EF1-α, ITS2, cox1, cox2, and cytb). We observed slight differences in the overall body size between females of both populations, and two well-defined geographical genetic lineages. This suggests the existence of two cryptic subspecies within S. t. tripectinata corresponding to two different island groups. Furthermore, we bring to light the necessity to provide new and updated morphological, molecular, and phylogenetic data to clarify the taxonomic status of S. tripectinata.
Microscopic Findings in the Cardiac Muscle of Stranded Extreme Deep-Diving Cuvier's Beaked Whales (Ziphius cavirostris)
Authors: Câmara Nakita , Fernández Antonio , Herráez Pedro , Arbelo Manuel , Andrada Marisa , Suárez-Santana Cristian M , Sierra Eva 
Published: April 2022

AbstractConsiderable information has been gained over the last few decades on several disease processes afflicting free-ranging cetaceans from a pathologist's point of view. Nonetheless, there is still a dearth of studies on the hearts of these species. For this reason, we aimed to improve our understanding of cardiac histological lesions occurring in free-ranging stranded cetaceans and, more specifically, in deep-diving Cuvier's beaked whales. The primary cardiac lesions that have been described include vascular changes, such as congestion, edema, hemorrhage, leukocytosis, and intravascular coagulation; acute degenerative changes, which consist of contraction band necrosis, wavy fibers, cytoplasmic hypereosinophilia, and perinuclear vacuolization; infiltration of inflammatory cells; and finally, the presence and/or deposition of different substances, such as interstitial myoglobin globules, lipofuscin pigment, polysaccharide complexes, and intra- and/or extravascular gas emboli and vessel dilation. This study advances our current knowledge about the histopathological findings in the cardiac muscle of cetaceans, and more specifically, of Cuvier's beaked whales.
Rautavaara'sCantus Arcticus: National Exoticism or International Modernism?
Authors: BURTON OWEN 
Published: April 2022

AbstractEinojuhani Rautavaara's international fame rests largely on pieces celebrated for their apparently non-modernist accessibility.Cantus Arcticus – Concerto for Birds and Orchestra(1972) is greeted with suspicion on account of its wide appeal. This article reconsiders this piece in the context of his complicated and original stylistic development and re-evaluates its relation to Finnish nature and culture. By examining the intersections of nationalism, landscape, and modernism in a late twentieth-century piece, this discussion builds upon established research on early twentieth-century Nordic repertoire, applying it to this contemporary context. It also finds a new perspective by supplementing that approach to include more recent scholarship on post-war tonality. As a result, new insights into musical form and a post-serial renewal of tonal thinking emerge, and through its unique synthesis of seemingly diverse elements,Cantus Arcticuscan be seen as a milestone work within Rautavaara's stylistic evolution.
THE LOGIC OF HYPERLOGIC. PART A: FOUNDATIONS
Authors: KOCUREK ALEXANDER W. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractHyperlogic is a hyperintensional system designed to regiment metalogical claims (e.g., “Intuitionistic logic is correct” or “The law of excluded middle holds”) into the object language, including within embedded environments such as attitude reports and counterfactuals. This paper is the first of a two-part series exploring the logic of hyperlogic. This part presents a minimal logic of hyperlogic and proves its completeness. It consists of two interdefined axiomatic systems: one for classical consequence (truth preservation under a classical interpretation of the connectives) and one for “universal” consequence (truth preservation under any interpretation). The sequel to this paper explores stronger logics that are sound and complete over various restricted classes of models as well as languages with hyperintensional operators.