bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In‐situ N‐rGO Scaffold @3D Graphite Felt for High Power Polyhalide Hybrid Redox Flow Battery
Authors: Mariyappan Karuppusamy , Saravanakumar Pandian , Thamizhselvan Rahul , Ragupathy Pitchai , Ulaganathan Mani 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBromine polyhalide (BP) based redox flow batteries are considered as specific potential nominees for extreme energy level storage due to their high energy density as well as cost‐effectiveness. However, the BP system encountered with slow kinetics of Br2/Br− redox couple due to high positive electrode polarization results in poor power density. Herein, the heteroatom (nitrogen) doped reduced graphene oxide (N‐rGO) composite electrode is designed and used as a positive electrode to improve the electro‐catalytic activity of Br2/Br− redox couple. The cellulose (Rayon) based graphite felt incorporated with N‐rGO catalyst offers high conductivity and reduces the electrode polarization which in turn provides more catalytic sites for Br2/Br− redox reaction. N‐linked rGO preparation is carried out by two different methods namely, pyrolysis (thermally treated) and hydrothermally treated process called as HT‐N‐rGO@GF and Hy‐N‐rGO@GF, respectively. More impressively, the N‐rGO adopted graphite felt (N‐rGO@GF) exhibits remarkable rate performance even at 120 mA cm−2. Moreover, no detectable degradation is observed for both N‐rGO adopted felt over 100 cycles. The HT‐N‐rGO@GF and Hy‐N‐rGO@GF electrode shows 91.1% and 88.8% of Coulombic efficiency at 100th cycle respectively. On the other hand, the power density region of 1472 (HT‐N‐rGO@GF) and 1456 mW cm−2 (Hy‐N‐rGO@GF) are observed, which seems to be much better than that of pristine felt (1275 mW cm−2).
Wearable Photomedicine for Neonatal Jaundice Treatment Using Blue Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes (OLEDs): Toward Textile‐Based Wearable Phototherapeutics
Authors: Choi Seungyeop , Jeon Yongmin , Kwon Jeong Hyun , Ihm Chunhwa , Kim Seung Yeon , Choi Kyung Cheol 
Published: October 2022

AbstractNeonatal jaundice is a very common disease in newborns and can lead to brain damage or death in severe cases. Phototherapy with light‐emitting diode (LED) arrays is widely used as the easiest and fastest way to relieve jaundice in newborns, but it has distinct disadvantages such as loss of water in the patient, damage to the retina, and separation from parents. In this paper, a novel light source‐based phototherapy for neonatal jaundice is proposed using a textile‐based wearable organic light‐emitting diode (OLED) platform that can move flexibly and conform to the curvature of the human body. The soft and flexible textile‐based blue OLED platform is designed to have a peak wavelength of 470 nm, suitable for jaundice treatment, and shows performance (>20 µW cm−2nm−1) suitable for intensive jaundice treatment even at low voltage (<4.0 V). The textile‐based OLEDs fabricated in this study exhibit an operating reliability of over 100 h and low‐temperature operation (<35 °C). The results of an in vitro jaundice treatment test using a large‐area blue OLED confirm that the bilirubin level decreases to 12 mg dL−1with 3 h of OLED irradiation.
On‐Site Quantification and Infection Risk Assessment of Airborne SARS‐CoV‐2 Virus Via a Nanoplasmonic Bioaerosol Sensing System in Healthcare Settings
Authors: Qiu Guangyu , Spillmann Martin , Tang Jiukai , Zhao Yi‐Bo , Tao Yile , Zhang Xiaole , Geschwindner Heike , Saleh Lanja , Zingg Walter , Wang Jing 
Published: October 2022

AbstractOn‐site quantification and early‐stage infection risk assessment of airborne severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) with high spatiotemporal resolution is a promising approach for mitigating the spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic and informing life‐saving decisions. Here, a condensation (hygroscopic growth)‐assisted bioaerosol collection and plasmonic photothermal sensing (CAPS) system for on‐site quantitative risk analysis of SARS‐CoV‐2 virus‐laden aerosols is presented. The CAPS system provided rapid thermoplasmonic biosensing results after an aerosol‐to‐hydrosol sampling process in COVID‐19‐related environments including a hospital and a nursing home. The detection limit reached 0.25 copies/µL in the complex aerosol background without further purification. More importantly, the CAPS system enabled direct measurement of the SARS‐CoV‐2 virus exposures with high spatiotemporal resolution. Measurement and feedback of the results to healthcare workers and patients via a QR‐code are completed within two hours. Based on a dose‐responseµ model, it is used the plasmonic biosensing signal to calculate probabilities of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection risk and estimate maximum exposure durations to an acceptable risk threshold in different environmental settings.
Recent Advances in Copper‐Catalyzed Functionalization of Unactivated C(sp3)−H Bonds
Authors: Deshpande Neha , Satani Piyushkumar , Bharodiya Akshay , Naveen Togati 
Published: October 2022

AbstractC(sp3)−H functionalization is a core part of organic chemistry because of the presence of C(sp3)−H bonds in various organic molecules. However, since most C(sp3)−H bonds are non‐reactive, their functionalization is an uphill task. Standard methods of functionalization employ pre‐functionalized reactants, expensive organometallic reagents, strong acids or bases and similar other harsh reaction conditions. These methods eventually affect the reaction and prevent it from yielding optimum results. Transition metal‐based catalysts like Pd, Rh and Ru provide a direct functionalization route without unwanted pre‐functionalization steps. These catalysts furnish superior results under mild reaction conditions. But, their expense, toxicity and low natural abundance prevent them from achieving ideality. Therefore, 3d transition metal catalysts like Mn, Fe, Co, Ni and Cu catalysts have gained significance as an alternative for conventional transition metal catalysts due to their high natural abundance, low toxicity and affordability. Copper‐based catalysts are particularly important owing to the wide range of oxidation states of copper and the facile tunability of their catalytic properties. Hence, an immense amount of research is being conducted on the catalytic activity of copper for C(sp3)−H functionalization. This review aims to provide a detailed overview of some recent reports on C(sp3)−H functionalization using catalytic systems based on copper.
Bonobo social organization at the seasonal forest‐savanna ecotone of the Lomami national park
Authors: Fasbender David , Yamba Uyulu , Keuk Kenneth , Hart Terese , Hart John , Furuichi Takeshi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractExamining the relationship between food and primate social organization helps us understand how the environment shaped hominin social evolution. However, there is debate as to whether the social differences between our two closest relatives, bonobos (Pan paniscus) and chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes), are due to differences in food availability between their respective habitats or to nonenvironmental factors. The most prominent theory is that bonobo communities have more socially cohesive, stable parties, centered on gregarious females because they evolved in food‐rich habitat where individuals, especially females, are less burdened by competition with groupmates. However, more research on bonobos in habitats with seasonal variation in food is needed. This study measured food availability and bonobo social organization at Luzaka, a new site in a seasonal forest fragment. Fruit abundance and dispersion were recorded for a year at Luzaka with the same methods used at Wamba, a bonobo site in more seasonally stable habitat and terrestrial herbaceous vegetation density was measured. At Luzaka, bonobo parties were also recorded for a year using camera traps. Fruit was more seasonal and dispersed at Luzaka than at Wamba. However, the social organization of Luzaka bonobos resembled social organization of bonobos at less seasonal sites. There were minor effects of fruit clumping on party size without effects on the proportion of females in parties suggesting that at Luzaka, the clumping of fruit slightly affected social cohesiveness but does not disproportionately affect females. Bonobo social cohesiveness and female gregariousness appears consistent and compatible with seasonal habitat.
Investigations of mixing and heat transfer in a structured tube‐in‐tube millireactor by numerical, experimental and statistical methods
Authors: Liu Hanyang , Jiang Junan , Wang Chenfeng , Yang Ning , Yang Xiaoxia , Wang Rijie 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMillireactors are widely used in flow chemistry due to their process intensification performance and sufficient product throughout. A novel structured tube‐in‐tube millireactor with industrial potential was designed, whose mixing and heat transfer were investigated by experiment and CFD. Partial least square regression (PLS) was introduced in the flow chemistry study and used to determine that the key parameters of the millireactor were jet Reynolds (
) and hole diameter
. The introduction of twist tape in the annular space generates swirling flow, which effectively increases the heat transfer capacity (up to 16.5 times). This millireactor achieves excellent mixing (>99% of mixing intensity after 1 cm) and the heat transfer enhancement ratio up to 6.5. The local flow field and concentration field from CFD model agreed with those obtained from PIV and PLIF visualization experiments.
Structure, morphology, thermal, and sorption characteristics of epoxidized natural rubber conjugated spent coffee via one‐pot synthesis
Authors: Raju Gunasunderi , Shaban Mahmoud M. , Farag Reem K. , Karunakaran Thiruventhan , Khalid Mohammad 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe present work highlights the preparation of the epoxidized natural rubber conjugated spent coffee biocomposites (ENR‐g‐SC) via one‐pot synthesis to control petroleum oil spills. The structural determination of the spent coffee grafted epoxidized natural rubber (ENR‐g‐SC) was confirmed through FTIR and 1H‐NMR spectroscopic analyses. The thermal performance, tensile tests, and morphological properties of the synthesized (ENR‐g‐SC) biocomposites were performed. The data revealed that ENR‐g‐SC biocomposite with 20 phr of spent coffee (SC) exhibited the highest tensile properties due to maximal chemical linkages of spent coffee and epoxide groups in ENR. The epoxidized natural rubber conjugated spent coffee copolymers were evaluated as oil sorbers for oil absorbency applications in chloroform, toluene, and 10% crude petroleum diluted with toluene. The data revealed that the oil absorbency increased slightly with chloroform or toluene instead of 10% crude oil diluted with toluene. Furthermore, swelling and network parameters including the maximum oil absorbency (Qmax), swelling rate constant (k), polymer‐solvent interaction (χ), effective crosslink density (ύe), equilibrium modulus of elasticity (GT), and average molecular weight between crosslinks (Mc) and theoretical crosslink density (ύt) were determined, and correlated to the efficiency of the synthesized epoxidized natural rubber conjugated spent coffee.
Non‐Thermal Plasma Assisted Fabrication of Ultrathin NiCoOx Nanosheets for High‐Performance Supercapacitor
Authors: Gicha Birhanu Bayissa , Tufa Lemma Teshome , Goddati Mahendra , Adhikari Samir , Gwak Juyong , Lee Jaebeom 
Published: October 2022

AbstractInvited for this month's cover picture is the group of Jaebeom Lee from Chungnam National University. The cover picture shows exfoliation of bulk NiCoOx layered double hydroxides into few layers of ultrathin nanosheets using a non‐thermal Ar‐plasma exfoliation strategy to obtain a single layer of NiCoOx nanosheets with excellent supercapacitive properties owing to improvement on the accessible active sites for charge storage and transport. Read the full text of the Research Article at 10.1002/batt.202200270.
Evaluating the effectiveness of physical exercise in improving standardized testing performances through attention indices
Authors: Huang Jeffrey , Huang Hubert , Chang Benjamin , Ho Jocelyn 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIntroductionIn the United States, standardized tests have risen in prevalence, extending their importance from education placement to employment. Attention is crucial to improving testing performance. Past studies have established that acute, coordinative, aerobic exercise improves attention, which is measured by the D2 Attention Test, emotional analysis, reading time, and eye movement tracking. No studies have drawn connections between physical exercise's quantifiable improvement in attention to improvements in standardized tests; therefore, this study would attempt to do so.MethodsThis study defines attention to be positively related to reading speed and negatively related to the number of eye drifts. High school students were selected to read and answer two reading passages from an SAT (Scholastic Assessment Test) exam, before and after a short 80% intensity run. Their reading times, facial video, and test scores were recorded. Dlib plots the facial landmark and OpenCV tracks movement of the pupil.ResultsThrough paired‐samples t‐tests, this study found out that after exercise, subjects displayed increased reading speed and fewer eye drifts, coupled with increased mean scores.ConclusionThus, this study demonstrated that running, as an acute, coordinative, aerobic exercise, helps increase the testing performance of the SAT reading section by measuring attention. Future research could focus on including head movement as an attention index, replicate the experiment on different standardized tests or exercises, and conduct natural experiments to better simulate real‐life conditions to increase applicability.
Chemometric Approach to the Composition of Flavonoid Compounds and Phenolic Acids and Antioxidant Potential ofArtemisiaSpecies from Different Habitats
Authors: Ickovski Jovana D. , Arsić Biljana B. , Mitić Milan N. , Stojković Milan B. , Đorđević Milan M. , Stojanović Gordana S. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractFourArtemisiaspecies from Serbia were selected for the study:A. annuaL.,A. absinthiumL.,A. vulgarisL. andA. scopariaWaldst. et Kit. because of the proven excellent action in treating certain medical conditions and diseases.A. absinthiumL.,A. vulgarisL.,A. annuaL. andA. scopariaWaldst. et Kit. collected from different habitats across Serbia (48 samples in total) were studied from the statistical aspect considering the phenolic and flavonoid contents, compositions, and antioxidant activities of methanol extracts in correlation with the soil type. The components were identified using HPLC (High Performance Liquid Chromatography), while antioxidant activities were determined by seven assays (TP (Total phenolic content), TF (Total flavonoid content), DPPH (2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl) radical‐based, ABTS (2,2′‐azino‐bis(3‐ethylbenzothiazoline‐6‐sulfonic acid)) radical cation‐based, FRAP (Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power), TRP (Total Reducing Power), and CUPRAC (Cupric Reducing Antioxidant Capacity). The results were processed using five statistical methods (PCA (Principal Component Analysis), ANOVA (Analysis of Variance), MANOVA (Multivariate analysis of variance), DA (Discriminant analysis), and AHC (Agglomerative Hierarchical Clustering)). Principal component analysis enabled very well separation of the analyzedArtemisiaspecies based on the content of total phenolics, total flavonoids, and the values obtained from antioxidant tests, but not on the individual compounds identified and quantified by HPLC. The MANOVA analyses showed that forA. scopariaandA. annuathere was a significant effect of soil type on the total phenolics, total flavonoids, and antioxidant tests. In contrast, forA. vulgarisandA. absinthium, that effect was not significant. Additional MANOVA analyses showed a significant effect of soil type on phenolic and flavonoid compounds in the case ofA. vulgaris,A. annua, andA. absinthium. The overall correct classification rate of all samples of four investigatedArtemisiaspecies by the discriminant analysis was 81.25 % using the training sample and 72.92 % the cross‐validation results based on TP, TF, and antioxidant tests, but a much lower based on selected compounds identified and quantified by HPLC. MANOVA analyses based on particularArtemisiaspecies show that soil is a significant factor affecting the measurable variables.
Catalytic Base‐Free Transfer Hydrogenation of Biomass Derived Furanic Aldehydes with Bioalcohols and PNP Pincer Complexes
Authors: Padilla Rosa , Ni Zhenwei , Mihrin Dmytro , Wugt Larsen René , Nielsen Martin 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe base‐free transfer hydrogenation of biomass derived furanic aldehydes with ruthenium and iridium pincer complexes was studied using bio‐alcohols as the hydrogen source. The furanic substrates, such as 5‐hydroxymethyl furfural (HMF) and thiophene‐2‐carboxaldehyde (TC), were reduced under mild conditions (35–80 °C) affording the desired alcohols with excellent conversions and yields. It was also possible to extend this methodology for the transfer hydrogenation of 5‐formylfurfural (DFF) at 130 °C. Deuterium labelling of C−H functions in the furanic alcohols was also investigated in the presence of ethanol‐d6. Finally, proposed catalytic resting species derived from the interactions between one of the catalysts and furanic reagents/product as well as the solvent during the transfer hydrogenation (TH) reaction were analysed.
Surface Modification, Topographic Design and Applications of Superhydrophobic Systems
Authors: Zhao Weinan , Wang Yi , Han Mei , Xu Jiaxin , Tam Kam Chiu 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSuperhydrophobic surfaces with expanded wetting behaviors, like tunable adhesion, hybrid surface hydrophobicity and smart hydrophobic switching have attracted increasing attention due to their broad applications. Herein, the construction methods, mechanisms and advanced applications of special superhydrophobicity are reviewed, and hydro/superhydrophobic modifications are categorized and discussed based on their surface chemistry, and topographic design. The formation and maintenance of special superhydrophobicity in the metastable state are also examined and explored. In addition, particular attention is paid to the use of special wettability in various applications, such as membrane distillation, droplet‐based electricity generators and anti‐fogging surfaces. Finally, the challenges for practical applications and future research directions are discussed.
Ionic γ‐FeO(OH) Nanocrystal Stabilized by Small Isopolymolybdate Clusters as Reactive Core for Water Oxidation
Authors: Mallick Laxmikanta , Chakraborty Biswarup 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAt near neutral to basic pH, hydrolysis‐induced aggregation to insoluble bulk iron‐oxide is often regarded as the pitfalls of molecular iron clusters. Iron‐oxide nanocrystals are encouragingly active over the molecular clusters and/or bulk oxides albeit, stabilizing such nanostructures in aqueous pH and under turnover condition remain a perdurable challenge. Herein, an Anderson‐type [Mo7O24]6− isopolyanion, a small (dimension ca. 0.85 nm) isolable polyoxometalate (POM) possessing only {31} atoms, has been introduced for the first time as a covalent linker to stabilize an infinitely stable and aqueous‐soluble γ‐FeO(OH) nanocore. During the hydrothermal isolation of the material, a partial dissociation of the parent [Mo7O24]6− may lead to the in situ generation of few analogous [MoxOy]n− clusters, proved by Raman study, which can also participate in stabilizing the γ‐FeO(OH) nanocore, MoxOy@FeO(OH). However, due to high ionic charge on {Mo=O} terminals of the [MoxOy]n−, they are covalently linked via MoVI‐μ2O‐FeIII bridging to γ‐FeO(OH) core in MoxOy@FeO(OH), established by numerous spectroscopic and microscopic evidence. Such bonding mode is more likely as precedent from the coordination motif documented in the transition metal clusters stabilized by this POM. The γ‐FeO(OH) nanocore of MoxOy@FeO(OH) behaves as potent active center for electrochemical water oxidation with a overpotential, 263 mV @ 10 mA cm−2, lower than that observed for bare γ‐FeO(OH). Despite of some molybdenum dissolution from the POM ligands to the electrolyte, residual anionic POM fragments covalently bound to the OER active γ‐FeO(OH) core of the MoxOy@FeO(OH) makes the surface predominantly ionic that results in an ordered electrical double layer to promote a better charge transport across the electrode‐electrolyte junction, less likely in bulk γ‐FeO(OH).
Two Terpenoid Derivatives with Different 3/5/6/6/5‐FusedPentacyclic Skeletons fromHedyosmum orientale
Authors: Fan Yao‐Yue , Zheng Cheng‐Yu , Zhou Bin , Zimbres Flavia M. , Cassera Maria B. , Yue Jian‐Min 
Published: October 2022

Comprehensive SummaryChemical investigation ofHedyosmum orientaleled to the identification of two terpenoid derivatives, dyosmunoids A and B (1and2) featuring two different 3/5/6/6/5‐fused pentacyclic ring systems, respectively. Compound1is the second natural product of this C25terpenoid compound class, and compound2is a rare dinor‐C25terpenoid with a peroxide bridge. Their structural elucidation was achieved by the comprehensive analysis of spectroscopic data, single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction, and ECD calculation. Putative biosynthetic pathways for compounds1and2are proposed. Compound2exhibited strong antimalarial activity with an IC50value of 0.42 μmol·L–1.
Complex statistical modelling for phylogenetic inference
Authors: Susko Edward 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMolecular sequence data are a primary source of information about evolutionary relationships. Over the past few decades, there have been dramatic increases in the sizes of data available. Consequently, focus has shifted towards increasingly complex models that are less prone to the biases that are a consequence of model misspecification. At the same time, the computational challenges, which were always substantial, have become greater due to these increasingly complex models and larger data sizes. In this article, we review phylogenetic inference using sequence data and some recent advances in phylogenetic modelling. We discuss strategies for dealing with complex models, future challenges and paths forward.
Lightweight cryptographic algorithms based on different model architectures: A systematic review and futuristic applications
Authors: Bhagat Vijesh , Kumar Santosh , Gupta Sachin Kumar , Chaube Mithilesh Kumar 
Published: October 2022

SummaryLightweight cryptography is a rapidly developing research field. Its main goal is to provide security for devices with fewer resources. These limited‐resource devices implement reliable ciphers that use very little power and computation. The lightweight cipher should be built for high performance while using the fewest resources possible, such as memory and power. In this article, we compare block ciphers and several other stream ciphers based on criteria such as input size, output size, structure employed, key size, number of rounds, vulnerable attacks, chip area, gate equivalent, memory use, throughput, and security features. Moreover, this article provides a detailed analysis comparing all cryptographic algorithms and their use in day‐to‐day life activities. This paper also discusses some lightweight ciphers, stream ciphers, and hybrid ciphers. Moreover, it shows the cryptanalysis of some block ciphers like DES.