bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of text message interventions with different behavior change techniques on alcohol consumption among young adults: a five‐arm randomized controlled trial
Authors: Suffoletto Brian , Pacella Maria , Huber James , Chung Tammy 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAimsThis studys aim is to test the effectiveness of five interventions each utilizing a unique set of behavior change techniques on reducing alcohol consumption at 3 and 6 months among young adults with hazardous drinking.Design, setting and participantsThis study used a five‐arm parallel randomized controlled trial with 3‐ and 6‐month follow‐ups. Recruitment occurred at four emergency departments in Pittsburgh, PA, USA. Participants were non‐treatment‐seeking young adults (mean age = 22.1 years; 68.5% female; 37.1% black) who reported hazardous drinking.InterventionsParticipants were randomized to one of five automated text message interventions for 12 weeks that interacted with participants on the 2 days per week that they typically drank: assisted self‐monitoring (TRACK: control condition; n = 245), pre‐drinking cognition feedback (PLAN; n = 226), alcohol consumption feedback (USE; n = 235), adaptive goal support (GOAL; n = 214) and a combination of interventions (COMBO; n = 221).MeasurementsPrimary outcome was number of past month binge drinking days at 3‐month post‐randomization calculated from a 30‐day time‐line follow‐back. Primary intention‐to‐treat analysis compared PLAN, USE, GOAL and COMBO against TRACK (control condition). The four active conditions were not compared against each other. A secondary outcome, durability of effects, was measured at 6 months.FindingsFrom baseline to 3‐month follow‐up (retention = 81.1%), compared with TRACK, in which past‐month mean binge drinking days increased from 2.7 to 3.4, mean binge drinking days decreased in COMBO from 3.0 to 2.3 [adjusted β = −0.52; 95% confidence interval (CI) = –0.77, −0.26], GOAL from 3.0 to 2.6 (adjusted β = −0.34; 95% CI = –0.59, −0.10) and USE from 3.3 to 2.9 (adjusted β = −0.38; 95% CI = –0.62, −0.14). At 6 months (retention = 73.8%), COMBO, GOAL, USE and PLAN had significantly lower mean binge drinking days compared with TRACK.ConclusionText message interventions incorporating feedback on either drinking plans and/or alcohol consumption and/or drinking limit goal support produced small yet durable reductions in binge drinking days in non‐treatment‐seeking young adults with hazardous drinking.
Identification of candidate genes related to highland adaptation from multiple Chinese local chicken breeds by whole genome sequencing analysis
Authors: Nan Jiuhong , Yang Sendong , Zhang Xiaojian , Leng Tianze , Zhuoma Joan , Zhuoma Rensang , Yuan Jingwei , Pi Jinsong , Sheng Zheya , Li Shijun 
Published: October 2022

AbstractUnderstanding the genetic mechanism of highland adaptation is of great importance for breeding improvement of Tibetan chickens (TBC). Some studies of TBC have identified some candidate genes and pathways from multiple subgroups, but the related genetic mechanisms remain largely unknown. Different genetic backgrounds and the independent genetic basis of highland adaptation make it difficult to identity the selective region of highland adaptation with all TBC samples. In this study, we conducted pre‐analysis in a large‐scale population to select a TBC subgroup with the purest and highest level of highland‐specific lineage for the further analysis. Finally, the 37 samples from a TBC subgroup and 19 Lahsa White chickens were used to represent the highland group for further analysis with 80 samples from five Chinese local lowland breeds as controls. Population structure analysis revealed that highland adaptation significantly affected population stratification in Chinese local chicken breeds. Genome‐wide selection signal analysis identified 201 candidate genes associated with highland adaptation of TBC, and these genes were significantly enriched in calcium signaling, vascular smooth muscle contraction and the cellular response to oxidative stress pathways. Additionally, we identified a narrow 1.76 kb region containing an overlapping region between HBZ and an active enhancer, and our identified region showed a highly significant signal. The highland group selected the haplotype with high activity to improve the oxygen‐carrying capacity, thus being adapted to a hypoxic environment. We also found that STX2 was significantly selected in the highland group, thus potentially reducing the oxidative stress caused by hypoxia, and that STX2 exhibited the opposite effects on highland adaptation and reproductive traits. Our findings advance our understanding of extreme environment adaptation of highland chickens, and provide some variants and genes beneficial to TBC genetic breeding improvement.
Unemployed Workers’ Centres (1978–): Spatial Politics, “Non‐Movement”, and the Making of Centres
Authors: Griffin Paul 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis paper revisits the histories of Unemployed Workers’ Centres to consider the politicisation of unemployment in the UK. Drawing upon archive material and over 50 oral histories, it considers the emergence of centres as a response to a crisis of increasing unemployment and retrenchment of the welfare state. The paper indicates how Asef Bayat’s concept of “non‐movement” proves useful for capturing a wider sphere of labour organising, moving beyond more conventional spaces and actions. This approach critically revisits the role of centres in conversation with emerging work in labour geography and social movements studies around the fostering of solidarities. It reveals tensions around their making, whilst also stressing the potential of seemingly small acts when held alongside campaigns. Revisiting this repertoire of activity reveals the persistence of trade union engagements with communities beyond the workplace, as well as a critical insight into the politics of space in forging such alternatives.
Neuromuscular recruitment pattern in motor point stimulation
Authors: Nakagawa Kento , Fok Kai Lon , Masani Kei 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundTranscutaneous electrical stimulation on the motor points over muscle belly, i.e., motor point stimulation (MPS), is widely used in clinical settings, however it is not fully understood how MPS recruits motor nerves. Here we investigated the recruitment pattern of the motor nerve and twitch force during MPS and compared to the recruitment during peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS).MethodsTen healthy individuals participated in this study. Using MPS on the soleus muscle and PNS on the tibial nerve, a single pulse stimulation was applied with various stimulation intensities from subthreshold to the maximum intensity. We measured the evoked potentials in the lower leg muscles and twitch force. Between MPS and PNS, we compared the recruitment curves of M‐waves and the dynamics of twitch force such as duration from force onset to peak (time‐to‐peak).ResultsThe maximum M‐wave was not different between MPS and PNS in the soleus muscle, while it was much smaller in MPS than in PNS in the other lower leg muscles. This reflected the smaller twitch force of plantarflexion in MPS than PNS. In addition, the slope of the recruitment curve for the soleus M‐wave was smaller in MPS than PNS.ConclusionTherefore, unlike PNS, MPS can efficiently and selectively recruit motor nerves of the target muscle and gradually increase the recruitment of the motor nerve.
Psychopathic personality traits are linked to reduced false memories for negative events
Authors: Mirandola Chiara , Lanciano Tiziana , Battista Fabiana , Otgaar Henry , Curci Antonietta 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIndividuals scoring high on psychopathic personality traits process emotional material to a different extent than individuals with few psychopathic traits. Evidence exists that these individuals have impaired emotional memory. The question arises whether this emotional memory impairment has ramifications for the production of emotional false memories. In the present study, we investigated the production of false and true memories for emotional events in a community sample (N = 120) of individuals varying in psychopathic traits (evaluated with the Psychopathic Personality Inventory–Revised [PPI‐R] questionnaire). The fearless dominance (FD) component of psychopathy interacted with the emotional impact of to‐be‐remembered events in the production of false memories, showing fewer negative false memories with increasing levels of FD. At the subjective level, negative false memories were not perceived as vivid memory experiences in high FD individuals. Concerning true memories, higher scores in cold‐heartedness were related to fewer true memories for neutral and negative (but not positive) events. These results show that individuals with high psychopathy traits – in particular, FD – do not have a general emotional memory impairment but they process negative material in a different way than individuals with low psychopathic traits and thus are less susceptible to producing false memories for negative events.
Anticancer and apoptotic activity in neuroblastoma SK‐N‐SH using phospholipid extract from bone of Scomberomorus niphonius
Authors: Kiddane Anley Teferra , Roy Vikash Chandra , Kang Min‐Jae , Patil Maheshkumar Prakash , Chun Byung‐Soo , Kim Gun‐Do 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAmong various types children's health challenges, neuroblastoma is the most serious solid neoplasm forming outside the cranium. Scomberomorus niphonius is a valuable edible fish that has been widely used for a meal. In this study, we obtained phospholipid extract from the bone of S. niphonius with the supercritical CO2 extraction method and tested anticancer activity with a cell viability assay. The phospholipid showed anticancer activity on neuroblastoma SK‐N‐SH cells, and the anticancer activity was presented with an IC50 of 710.25 ± 28.31 μg/ml, but did not show a significant toxicity on HUVEC cell lines. Western blot was used to detect signaling proteins; Bak, caspase‐9, caspase‐8, caspase‐3, Bax, and IκBα were increased, whereas IKKβ and NFκB were downregulated in experimental groups compared to untreated groups. Gene expression was revealed by RT‐qPCR, and the fold ratio of Apaf‐1, cytochrome‐c, caspase‐9, caspase‐3, and Bax genes' expression was raised in treated groups, implying apoptosis. Gel electrophoresis revealed that the experimental groups had more fragmented DNA than the control group. The study shows that a phospholipid extract from S. niphonius' bone could be used as a biological origin of anticancer activity in neuroblastoma SK‐N‐SH cells.
Individual‐based assessment of post‐translocation fitness of ungulates: Lessons from the critically endangered Derby eland conservation programme
Authors: Brandlová Karolína , Hejcmanová Pavla 
Published: October 2022

AbstractTranslocations have become an essential tool in animal conservation for establishing and maintaining viable populations. Yet, the viability of a population is implicitly based on the individual fitness, that is on the survival and reproduction of individuals. Individual‐based assessments of post‐translocation fitness are challenging in the wild while conservation breeding programs may provide vital insights. Long‐term breeding records of semi‐captive (fenced) small population of the Western Derby eland (Taurotragus derbianus derbianus) running in two fenced reserves in Senegal present a case study. This study shows that transport distance and the individual's age at translocation influence animal post‐translocation survival rates and individual reproductive performance. The most critical period for the antelope's post‐translocation survival was the first 2 years following the event, with higher mortalities reported after long‐distance transport in an ecologically novel environment. The first successful calving of translocated females was postponed by 1 year, but the life‐long reproductive performance was not affected. However, higher calf survival in a habitat similar to that in the wild suggests a non‐negligible effect of the habitat on individual fitness, thus crucial to conservation decisions on translocating threatened species.
Optimizing a therapy for opiate use disorders: Characterizing ondansetron pharmacokinetics in blood and brain
Authors: Wu Manhong , Cheng Zhuanfen , Le Anthony T. , Tan Yalun , Peltz Gary 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAdministration of a widely used 5‐hydroxytryptamine receptor (5HT3AR) antagonist (ondansetron) potently inhibited the development of experimentally induced opioid dependence and withdrawal responses in mice and humans. However, in several studies examining withdrawal symptoms in subjects with chronic opioid use disorders (OUDs), ondansetron exhibited reduced or absent efficacy. Because attenuation of opioid withdrawal symptomatology is mediated within the brain, this study examined single‐dose ondansetron pharmacokinetics in the blood and brain of mice. We demonstrate that ondansetron concentrations in the brain (Cbrain ng/mg) are 1000‐fold lower than the blood concentrations (Cblood ng/ml) and decrease rapidly after ondansetron administration; and that a large percentage of brain ondansetron remains in the ventricular fluid. These results indicate that the ondansetron dose, and the time window between ondansetron and opioid administration, and when withdrawal is assessed are critical considerations for clinical studies involving subjects with chronic OUD. The pharmacokinetic results and the dosing considerations discussed here can be used to improve the design of subsequent clinical trials, which will test whether a more prolonged period of ondansetron administration can provide a desperately needed therapy that can prevent the development of neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome in babies born to mothers with chronic OUD.
Adding Insult to Injury: The COVID‐19 Crisis Strikes Latin America
Authors: Grigera Juan 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACTThis article takes on the task of historicizing the global crisis that unfolded after the outbreak of COVID‐19, focusing on its particular dynamics in Latin America. It proposes a distinction between a first phase — an unmitigated crisis that lasted until the end of 2020 — and a second phase in the period since then, that is defined by managed crisis and lukewarm economic recovery. The first phase showed a profoundly fragmented local state response, the breakdown of capital's ‘normal’ capacity for reproduction, and a disarticulation of the world order. As of 2021, a different kind of crisis has been evident: the response has been more emphatic and more effective in re‐establishing accumulation and a weak and fragile international order, but at a cost to legitimacy whose full extent is yet to unfold.
Caregiver monitoring, but not caregiver warmth, is associated with general cognition in two large sub‐samples of youth
Authors: Keller Arielle S. , Mackey Allyson P. , Pines Adam , Fair Damien , Feczko Eric , Hoffmann Mauricio S. , Salum Giovanni A. , Barzilay Ran , Satterthwaite Theodore D. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIndividual differences in cognitive abilities emerge early during development, and children with poorer cognition are at increased risk for adverse outcomes as they enter adolescence. Caregiving plays an important role in supporting cognitive development, yet it remains unclear how specific types of caregiving behaviors may shape cognition, highlighting the need for large‐scale studies. In the present study, we characterized replicable yet specific associations between caregiving behaviors and cognition in two large sub‐samples of children ages 9—10 years old from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study® (ABCD). Across both discovery and replication sub‐samples, we found that child reports of caregiver monitoring (supervision or regular knowledge of the child's whereabouts) were positively associated with general cognition abilities, after covarying for age, sex, household income, neighborhood deprivation, and parental education. This association was specific to the type of caregiving behavior (caregiver monitoring, but not caregiver warmth), and was most strongly associated with a broad domain of general cognition (but not executive function or learning/memory). Additionally, we found that caregiver monitoring partially mediated the association between household income and cognition, furthering our understanding of how socioeconomic disparities may contribute to disadvantages in cognitive development. Together, these findings underscore the influence of differences in caregiving behavior in shaping youth cognition.Research Highlights
Caregiver monitoring, but not caregiver warmth, is associated with cognitive performance in youth
Caregiver monitoring partially mediates the association between household income and cognition
Results replicated across two large matched samples from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study® (ABCD)
Comparative effects of weight loss and incretin‐based therapies on vascular endothelial function, fibrinolysis and inflammation in individuals with obesity and prediabetes: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Mashayekhi Mona , Beckman Joshua A. , Nian Hui , Garner Erica M. , Mayfield Dustin , Devin Jessica K. , Koethe John R. , Brown Jonathan D. , Cahill Katherine N. , Yu Chang , Silver Heidi , Niswender Kevin , Luther James M. , Brown Nancy J. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAimTo test the hypothesis that glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor (GLP‐1R) agonists have beneficial effects on vascular endothelial function, fibrinolysis and inflammation through weight loss‐independent mechanisms.Materials and MethodsIndividuals with obesity and prediabetes were randomized to 14 weeks of the GLP‐1R agonist liraglutide, hypocaloric diet or the dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitor sitagliptin in a 2:1:1 ratio. Treatment with drug was double blind and placebo‐controlled. Measurements were made at baseline, after 2 weeks prior to significant weight loss and after 14 weeks. The primary outcomes were measures of endothelial function: flow‐mediated vasodilation (FMD), plasminogen activator inhibitor‐1 (PAI‐1) and urine albumin‐to‐creatinine ratio (UACR).ResultsEighty‐eight individuals were studied (liraglutide N = 44, diet N = 22, sitagliptin N = 22). Liraglutide and diet reduced weight, insulin resistance and PAI‐1, while sitagliptin did not. There was no significant effect of any treatment on endothelial vasodilator function measured by FMD. Post hoc subgroup analyses in individuals with baseline FMD below the median, indicative of greater endothelial dysfunction, showed an improvement in FMD by all three treatments. GLP‐1R antagonism with exendin (9‐39) increased fasting blood glucose but did not change FMD or PAI‐1. There was no effect of treatment on UACR. Finally, liraglutide, but not sitagliptin or diet, reduced the chemokine monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1 (MCP‐1).ConclusionLiraglutide and diet reduce weight, insulin resistance and PAI‐1. Liraglutide, sitagliptin and diet do not change FMD in obese individuals with prediabetes with normal endothelial function. Liraglutide alone lowers the pro‐inflammatory and pro‐atherosclerotic chemokine MCP‐1, indicating that this beneficial effect is independent of weight loss.
Direct current stimulation increases blood flow and permeability of cortical microvasculature in vivo
Authors: Gellner Anne‐Kathrin , Frase Sibylle , Reis Janine , Fritsch Brita 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackground and purposeTranscranial direct current stimulation (DCS) structurally and functionally modulates neuronal networks and microglia dynamics. Neurovascular coupling adapts regional cerebral blood flow to neuronal activity and metabolic demands.MethodsIn this study, we examined effects of anodal DCS on vessel morphology, blood flow parameters, permeability of cortical microvasculature, and perivascular microglia motility by time‐lapse two‐photon microscopy in anaesthetized mice.ResultsLow‐intensity DCS significantly increased vessel diameter and blood flow parameters. These effects were transient and dependent on the spontaneous vasomotion characteristics of the individual vessel. Vessel leakage increased significantly after DCS at 1.1 and was more pronounced at 2.2 A/m2, indicating a dose‐dependent increase in vascular permeability. Perivascular microglia exhibited increased soma motility post‐DCS at both intensities, potentially triggered by the extravasation of intravascular substrates.ConclusionsOur findings demonstrate that DCS affected only vessels with spontaneous vasomotion. This rapid vascular response may occur as an adaptation of regional blood supply to neuronal excitability altered by DCS or as a direct effect on the vessel wall. In contrast to these immediate effects during stimulation, increases in cortical vessel permeability and perivascular microglia motility appeared after the stimulation had ended.
The political economy of women's cooperatives in Turkey: A social reproduction perspective
Authors: Ugur‐Cinar Meral , Cinar Kursat , Onculer‐Yayalar Emine , Akyuz Selin 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe article analyzes the viability of women's participation in women's cooperatives in Turkey. The prospects are evaluated by focusing on the sustainability of the cooperatives' economic activities as well as the recruitment and continued participation of individual women members. Taking a feminist social reproduction perspective, the article seeks to understand the underlying dynamics of women's participation in cooperatives, as this perspective enables us to analyze this participation as a process and captures the permeability between women's social reproduction duties, women's relationship with the state, and the economic market. Based on countrywide, semi‐structured in‐depth interviews with members of women's cooperatives in Turkey, we find that familial constraints as well as governmental policies and practices challenge women's economic development aspirations in the cooperatives, while social class deeply informs the challenges faced as well as the resources available to and strategies developed by women. The resulting analysis demonstrates that familial, social, and political issues related to social reproduction need to be addressed prior to focusing on the impact of cooperatives on women's empowerment. This is essential to ensuring the success of women's cooperatives and the continued provision of meaningful opportunities for women's participation.
New Preconsolidation Heads Following the Long‐Term Hydraulic‐Head Decline and Recovery in Houston, Texas
Authors: Wang Guoquan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe Houston area in Texas, United States, has been experiencing land subsidence for a century from the 1920s to 2010s. A substantial portion of the Houston area had finished a consolidation cycle following the long‐term hydraulic head decline and recovery. A new “maximum effective stress” (preconsolidation stress) was preserved in the memory of the aquitards. For an aquifer system comprising aquifers and aquitards, the preconsolidation stress is corresponding to the lowest hydraulic head in the aquitards, not in the aquifers. Preconsolidation head is generally regarded as a groundwater‐level threshold below which inelastic compaction begins. The preconsolidation head finalized after the long‐term hydraulic head decline and recovery is called new preconsolidation head. This study has developed an empirical equation for projecting the new preconsolidation head. According to this study, the new preconsolidation heads in the primary aquifers (lower Chicot and Evangeline) are local specific: varying from about 30 m below land surface (−30 m) in the south to −50 m in the north of the Harris‐Galveston Subsidence District (HGSD) Regulatory Area 1, from −60 m in the east to −80 m in the west of Area 2, and from −70 m in the south to −100 m in the center of Area 3. In Areas 1 and 2, the current hydraulic heads are about 10 m to 20 m higher than the local new preconsolidation heads; thus, remarkable land subsidence (>1 cm/year) would not be reinitiated unless the hydraulic heads are to fall below the local new preconsolidation head.