bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factor influencing the particularly vulnerable tribal groups livelihood towards tribal co-operative marketing development federation
Authors: Chellasamy P. , Kannamudaiyar S. 
Published: May 2022

India has the largest concentration of tribal communities after Africa. They are often called autochthonous people. There has been a considerable increase in tribal population from 40.22 million in 1972 to 208.7 million in 2016. Out of this 28 percent are considered Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups(PVTGs). They are small in groups confined to comprehensive inaccessible areas with perilous living styles. To a larger extent, they have perpetuated their cultural group identity with their typical living condition. Several factors also have a major influence on the Primitive tribe’s household, income, and food security. The literacy level, income, and living conditions of the PVTGs in comparison with others are deteriorating. Hence, TRIFED has made an attempt to ameliorate the tribal’s with retail marketing development. Thus, the study has made to examine the factors affecting the particularly vulnerable tribal people’s livelihood with special reference to the Nilgiris District of Tamil Nadu by using factor analysis. The study profound that factor analysis imposes reduced poverty ,enhance House-hold(HH) Income, Benefits of Financial Inclusion and profit on MFP has a significant impact on livelihood of the tribal’s.
cross-sectional study of spirometry parameters in smokers, non-smokers, and ex-smokers in software engineers of an it company in the western part of Maharashtra
Authors: Baburdikar Rupali S , Khake Sonali A 
Published: May 2022

Background: Smoking causes deterioration in lung functions and spirometry can be helpful to diagnose it early. Smoking is a major risk factor associated with the development of COPD which can be prevented by cessation of smoking. The purpose of the study was to know, whether there was any difference in the spirometry parameters in smokers, ex-smokers, and non-smokers. Objective: To Compare spirometric parameters i.e FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC ratio, and PEFR in smokers, non-smokers & ex-smokers.Methods: An observational, cross-sectional study was conducted on 322 Software Engineers. Institutional ethics committee approval was obtained before the study. Spirometry (Computerized Spirometer Helios 401) or recording lung parameters was done on individuals who were willing to participate and met the inclusion criteria. Results: Our study showed that the spirometry parameters FEV1, FVC & FEV1/FVC ratio was lower in smokers as compared to non-smokers & ex-smokers. There was significant difference in spirometry parameters in the three groups FVC (p < 0.001), FEV1 (p < 0.001), FEV1/FVC (p < 0.001), FEF25-75 (p < 0.01) and PEFR (p < 0.01). Conclusion: The present study showed spirometry parameters in smokers were significantly lower than in non-smokers.
The incidence of malignancy in patients with thyroid nodules
Authors: Yaseen Habeeb Ali , Abbas Adel Khdair 
Published: May 2022

Background: Thyroid nodules are extremely common with a prevalence about 20 – 76% of adult population. Thyroid cancer is present in about 5% of nodules, even though rates as high as 15% have been reported. To determine whether the nodule is benign or malignant, fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNA biopsy) is the clinical procedure of choice.
Objective: to evaluate thyroid nodules in order to determine the incidence of malignancy in these nodules. Patient and Methods: A prospective study was conducted among 415 patients presented with thyroid nodules in the surgical outpatient clinic in Al – Kadhimain medical city from February 2020 to February 2022. Patients between 15 t0 75 years of age, both male and female patients, were included in this study. The assessment was done by thorough history, clinical examination, thyroid profile test, neck ultrasound and fine needle aspiration cytology. After fine needle aspiration, diagnostic cytology was classified according to British Thyroid Association guidelines as THY1: non diagnostic, THY2: benign (non - neoplastic), THY3: intermediate (including follicular neoplasm), THY4: suspicion of malignancy and THY5: diagnostic of malignancy.
Disseminated Nocardia infection in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosis
Authors: Manyam Anandamuni , Pichika Karthik , Kumar J. S. , Devi Geetha , Publishing Lakshmanan , Narayan Ashwin , Natarajan Vishal 
Published: May 2022

28 year old female who was under treatment for systemic lupus erythematosus with oral prednisolone for 4 months presented with history of fever with chills, productive sputum, pleuritic chest pain, exertional breathlessness, anorexia and was found to have signs of pneumonia clinically on the right side. She also gave history of gradual painful diminution of vision in her left eye and two episodes of generalized tonic clonic seizures just prior to admission. Despite empirical treatment with antibiotics, her condition gradually deteriorated. A computer tomography – thorax (HRCT), showed linear and nodular opacities in right middle lobe segments and right medial basal segment along with homogenous opacity with multiple cavitations noted in the lower lobe of right lung with air bronchogram. MRI- brain showed multiple conglomerate foci of ring enhancing lesions with moderate surrounding edema seen in bilateral cerebral hemispheres, irregular thickening of choroid seen in left eye with hyperintense vitreous cavity showing blooming. CSF did not show any abnormality. Nocardia farcinica was isolated from the vitreous. Diagnosis of Disseminated nocardiosis involving lungs, brain and left eye was made.
Effect of abutment tooth geometry on the accuracy of 2 intraoral scanners
Authors: Mahdy Eslam Mostafa , Elkhodary N , Hamdy I 
Published: May 2022

Aim: The aim of this in-vitro study was to evaluate the effect of abutment tooth geometry on the accuracy of two intraoral scanners. Methodology: The study was conducted using maxillary typodont. Six full coverage crown preparations were performed on central incisors, 1st premolars and 1st molars with known axial wall taper (6o and 12o) using dental parallelometer. Highly accurate table-top scanner (Identica T500) was used to obtain reference scan to the typodont. Two intraoral scanners (3shape Trios 3 and Medit i500) scanned the typodont 13 times to obtain total samples of prepared teeth (n=39) for each group. All scans were exported in standard tessellation language (STL) format. Measurements of trueness and precision for respective tooth preparation were evaluated using reverse engineering software for superimposition and deviation analysis. Comparison between groups was performed by using One-Way ANOVA test followed by Tukey`s Post Hoc test and Independent t- test. Results: Statistical analysis showed no significant difference in trueness between the two intraoral scanners. Trueness values were 39.9 µm and 41 µm for Trios 3 and Medit i500. Trios 3 was significantly more precise (23.6 µm) compared to Medit i500 (34.7 µm).
Adverse effects followed by immunization with COVISHIELD and COVAXIN among health care personnel in a tertiary care hospital of India
Authors: Koyagura Narendar , Patnaik Prashanth Kumar , Konda Jaya Prakash , Vedula Prasanna , Kumar Ksheerasagar Vinay , Anumolu Goparaju 
Published: May 2022

The ongoing Corona Virus Disease (COVID-19) is a pandemic disease adversely affecting health and also incurred severe financial losses globally. Vaccination is the important preventing measure to combat COVID-19 infection. Vaccine hesitancy due to the fear of side effects is a major drawback for successful implementation of immunization programs. Extensive studies on safety of COVID-19 vaccination are much needed to address this problem. The current study aims at evaluating adverse effects following vaccination against COVID-19 infection. A total of 584 healthcare personnel who received either COVISHIELD or COVAXIN were included in the study. The adverse effects after first and second dose of vaccines in different time intervals (<24hrs, 24-48hrs, 3-7days) were recorded by using World Health Organization (WHO) based questionnaire. Among the participants, 360 received COVISHIELD and 220 received COVAXIN vaccine. Majority of the subjects experienced side effects within first 24hrs of first dose (COVISHIELD 84%, COVAXIN 90%) and also of second dose (COVISHIELD 73%, COVAXIN 89%). Side effects like general weakness, headache, fever, chills and myalgia were the most common side effects observed with both vaccines.
Diplomazia pontificia e Comunità internazionale nel contesto del contributo della Santa Sede al bene dell’umanità
Authors: Giarnieri Enrico 
Published: May 2022

SOMMARIO: 1. La funzione e il ruolo della diplomazia pontificia nella Comunità internazionale - 2. Le dimensioni dell’attività diplomatica della Santa Sede dal pontificato di Giovanni Paolo II a quello di Francesco - 3. Il riconoscimento dei diritti umani nella diplomazia di Papa Francesco - 4. A servizio della pace nel mondo - 5. Libertà religiosa, cooperazione per il bene comune e promozione della persona umana - 6. Annotazioni conclusive.
Diplomacy of the Holy See and the International Community In the context of the Holy See’s contribution to the good of mankind
ABSTRACT: The article takes into consideration the reasons and purposes for the presence of the ‘supreme governing body of the Catholic Church’ in the international Community. The author reflects on the relationship between the diplomatic activity of the Holy See and the delicate issues of peace and war. Therefore, attention is given to the methods of intervention put in place by Pope Francis with reference to the protection of fundamental human rights. In fact, from the pontificate of Paul VI, to those of John Paul II and Benedict XVI, to even the present pontificate of Francis, the juridical and geo-political questions concerning peace and terrorism, war and nuclear disarmament, the defense of religious freedom and the improvement of universal relations between states, the reform of international organizations and the promotion of human rights have strongly characterized the modus agendi of the two thousand year-old papal diplomacy. Faced with these questions, the Holy See seems to confirm both its own sui generis international juridical subjectivity and its own ‘positive neutrality’ by means of a significant work of mediation in offering universally shared solutions to protect the ontological, irrepressible dignity of the human person.
Le antiche chiese orientali e la loro conformità alla fede calcedonese
Authors: Parlato Vittorio 
Published: May 2022

SOMMARIO: 1. Premessa - 2. La realtà ecclesiale e i riti - 3. La Chiesa armena gregoriana - 4. la Chiesa copta d’Egitto - 5.La Chiesa etiope e la Chiesa eritrea - 6- La Chiesa siro-giacobita - 7. La Chiesa siriaca orientale o malankarese - 8. La Chiesa assiro-orientale o caldea.
The Ancient Oriental Churches and their conformity to the calcedonese faith
ABSTRACT: Historical and doctrinal genesis of the non-chalcedon Churches and their current consistency. The recent clarification about the Christology of many of these Churches, especially in documents common with the Catholic Church.
Gesù davanti a Pilato. Rilievi procedurali su un caso di legalizzazione di linciaggio ecclesiastico
Authors: Zanchini di Castiglionchio Francesco 
Published: May 2022

SOMMARIO: 1. All’origine (antropologica) del problema: tra scandalo e linciaggio rituale - 2. Competenza confessionale (legalmente pacifica) sull’accusa - 3. (intermezzo) Parallelismi tra linciaggio e scomunica - 4. (segue) Natura giuridica dell’intervento di Pilato. Una lezione di laicità.
Jesus before Pilate. Procedural remarks on a case of legalisation of ecclesiastical lynching
ABSTRACT: The Author wants to reconsider the trial of Jesus through a double critical grid: that of elimination by lynching of those who, by causing scandals, have cracked, regardless of any guilt, the certainties of the group (model dating back to immemorial times, and expression of pagan myths), and that of the execution of the death sentence issued by the great Sanhedrin of Jerusalem against the Nazarene, subject to adequate control by the Roman praetor (limited, however, only to the conditions of its admissibility by the imperial system). The discussion proceeds by underlining the full autonomy in merit of the confessional verdict, which the execution power accessed as a mere formal verification of the existence of conditions of public order considered indispensable by the State system. On the side-lines, the Author takes the opportunity to highlight how these precautions have become less and less renounceable over time, in face of the recurrent ecclesiastical claim to re-propose in new forms the ancestral logic of the ritualized lynching of discuting members.
EFFECTS OF DROUGHT AND BIOGAS WASTE WATER APPLICATIONS ON MAIZE SEEDLING GROWTH
Authors: Zahoor MJ , Robina K , Rafi R , Abbas HG 
Published: May 2022

Plant growth and development are influenced by a variety of biotic and abiotic factors. Drought and salinity are major constraints for the growth of plants all over the world. Maize has received attention because of their massive production in drought and salt stress. So, an experiment was conducted for improving the knowledge about the performance of maize seedlings behind the drought tolerance in different varieties of maize. Seeds of maize were submitted to different stress treatments like drought, wastewater, and biogas with the objective of evaluating the effects of drought, wastewater, and biogas treatments on early seedling growth. EV-1097Q, Raka-Poshi, Pak-Afgoi seeds were sown in 36 pots which were filled with 1.5kg of sand. Then stress treatments were applied and results were observed. The results were observed for eleven variables which are root length, shoot length, leaf area, and root shoot weight ratio. From the results, it was found that these selected genotypes of maize showed a different level of tolerance to the stress treatments. Most of the genotypes have shown negative results which means that they did not tolerate the stress treatments. In the future, there is a need for exploratory research for understanding the mechanism behind tolerance.
การศึกษาคุณลักษณะความสามารถในการคิดเชิงบริหารสำหรับเด็กปฐมวัย
Authors: นันตาเขียน วรรธนา , สุธาสิโนบล กิตติชัย , แย้มรุ่ง รุ่งทิวา , ลังกา วิไลลักษณ์ 
Published: May 2022

การวิจัยครั้งนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อศึกษาคุณลักษณะความสามารถในการคิดเชิงบริหารสำหรับเด็กปฐมวัย กลุ่มตัวอย่างได้แก่ ผู้ทรงคุณวุฒิด้านการศึกษาปฐมวัย ผู้บริหาร ครูผู้สอนในโรงเรียน ผู้ปกครองนักเรียน จำนวน 8 ท่าน เครื่องมือที่ใช้ในการศึกษาครั้งนี้ คือข้อคำถามในการสนทนากลุ่มเกี่ยวกับคุณลักษณะความสามารถในการคิดเชิงบริหารสำหรับเด็กปฐมวัย จำนวน 15 ข้อ โดยคัดเลือกจากผลการตรวจสอบค่าดัชนีความสอดคล้อง (IOC) ของคำถามเกี่ยวกับคุณลักษณะความสามารถในการคิดเชิงบริหารสำหรับเด็กปฐมวัย ที่มีค่าเฉลี่ยเท่ากับ 0.5 ขึ้นไป ผู้วิจัยใช้วิธีการบันทึกการสนทนากลุ่ม (Focus Group Discussion) และนำเสนอด้วยข้อความเชิงบรรยายที่ประกอบด้วยคุณลักษณะความสามารถในการคิดเชิงบริหารสำหรับเด็กปฐมวัย
ผลการวิจัยพบว่า ผลการสนทนากลุ่มกับผู้เชี่ยวชาญและผู้ปฏิบัติ โดยมีความคิดเห็นตรงกันว่าคุณลักษณะของความสามารถในการคิดเชิงบริหารสำหรับเด็กปฐมวัยควรมี 3 ด้าน ได้แก่ ด้านการยับยั้งชั่งใจ ด้านการเปลี่ยนความคิดและด้านการควบคุมอารมณ์
Current Intake and Infection Status were not Good Predictive Factors of Stunting among Children Aged 6-59 Months in Babakan Madang Sub-District, Bogor District, West Java, Indonesia
Authors: Purnamasari Ruth Desinta , Sartika Ratu Ayu Dewi , Sudarti Trini 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis study aims to discover the prevalence of stunting and determine the associations between the history of pulmonary tuberculosis disease with the prevalence of stunting among children under five years of age (6-59 months) in Babakan Madang Sub-District, Bogor District 2019. This study uses a cross-sectional design with a quantitative approach. The sample in this research was 194 children under five obtained by cluster sampling. Data collection was conducted through May 2019. The data collection process includes anthropometric measurements using calibrated microtoise and digital length board, dietary assessment using 1 x 24-h food recall, and a self-administered questionnaire. Data analyses were performed using the chi-square test and independent t-test. The result of this study shows that 35.6% of children under five are being stunted (HAZ ≤ -2.00). The risk factor with a significant correlation with stunting is history of pulmonary tuberculosis disease (p-value 0.044), although careful interpretation is needed in this result due to the limited number of observed cases. However, this study recommends pulmonary tuberculosis disease prevention and improve nutritional education. Keywords: stunting, children under-five, pulmonary tuberculosis disease AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui besaran prevalensi stunting dan membuktikan hubungan antara riwayat penyakit TB paru serta faktor lainnya dengan kejadian stunting pada balita umur 6-59 bulan di Kecamatan Babakan Madang Kabupaten Bogor Tahun 2019. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi cross-sectional dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Sampel pada penelitian ini berjumlah 194 balita yang didapat dengan cara cluster sampling. Pengambilan data dilakukan selama bulan Mei 2019. Proses pengambilan data meliputi pengukuran antropometri menggunakan microtoise dan digital length board yang telah divalidasi, wawancara food recall 1x 24 jam, dan pengisian kuesioner. Analisis data dilakukan dengan uji chi-square dan independent-t. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan terdapat 35,6% balita stunting (Z-score PB/U atau TB/U ≤ -2,00). Faktor risiko yang memiliki hubungan signifikan dengan kejadian stunting adalah riwayat penyakit TB paru, meskipun hasil ini memerlukan kehati-hatian dalam interpretasi mengingat sangat terbatasnya jumlah kasus TB paru yang diobservasi. Meskipun demikian, studi ini merekomendasikan upaya pencegahan terhadap penyakit TB paru dan peningkatan edukasi gizi. Kata kunci: stunting, balita, riwayat TB paru
Proteomic analysis of differential anther development from sterile/fertile lines in Capsicum annuum L.
Authors: Pei Hongxia , Xie Hua , Wang Xuemei , Yan Xiujuan , Wang Baike , Feng Haiping , Zhao Yunxia , Gao Jingxia , Gao Jie 
Published: May 2022

Background
Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) is a major cash crop throughout the world. Male sterility is an important characteristic in crop species that leads to a failure to produce functional pollen, and it has crucial roles in agricultural breeding and the utilization of heterosis.

Objectives
In this study, we identified many crucial factors and important components in metabolic pathways in anther and pollen development, and elucidated the molecular mechanism related to pollen abortion in pepper.

Methods
Pepper pollen was observed at different stages to detect the characteristics associated with male sterility and fertility. The phytohormone and oxidoreductase activities were detected in spectrophotometric and redox reaction assays, respectively. Proteins were extracted from male sterile and fertile pepper lines, and identified by TMT/iTRAQ (tandem mass tags/isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation) and LC-MS/MS (liquid chromatograph-mass spectrometer) analysis. Differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) were analyzed based on Gene Ontology annotations and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes database according to |fold change)| > 1.3 and P value < 0.05. DAPs were quantified in the meiosis, tetrad, and binucleate stages by parallel reaction monitoring (PRM).

Results
In this study, we screened and identified one male sterile pepper line with abnormal cytological characteristics in terms of pollen development. The peroxidase and catalase enzyme activities were significantly reduced and increased, respectively, in the male sterile line compared with the male fertile line. Phytohormone analysis demonstrated that the gibberellin, jasmonic acid, and auxin contents changed by different extents in the male sterile pepper line. Proteome analysis screened 1,645 DAPs in six clusters, which were mainly associated with the chloroplast and cytoplasm based on their similar expression levels. According to proteome analysis, 45 DAPs were quantitatively identified in the meiosis, tetrad, and binucleate stages by PRM, which were related to monoterpenoid biosynthesis, and starch and sucrose metabolism pathways.

Conclusions
We screened 1,645 DAPs by proteomic analysis and 45 DAPs were related to anther and pollen development in a male sterile pepper line. In addition, the activities of peroxidase and catalase as well as the abundances of phytohormones such as gibberellin, jasmonic acid, and auxin were related to male sterility. The results obtained in this study provide insights into the molecular mechanism responsible for male sterility and fertility in pepper.
Challenges of sperm cryopreservation in transferring heat adaptation of corals across ocean basins
Authors: Howells Emily J. , Hagedorn Mary , Van Oppen Madeleine J.H. , Burt John A. 
Published: May 2022

Reef-building corals live very close to their upper thermal limits and their persistence is imperiled by a rapidly warming climate. Human interventions may be used to increase the thermal limits of sensitive corals by cross-breeding with heat-adapted populations. However, the scope of breeding interventions is constrained by regional variation in the annual reproductive cycle of corals. Here we use cryopreservation technology to overcome this barrier and cross-breed conspecific coral populations across ocean basins for the first time. During regional spawning events, sperm samples were cryopreserved from populations of the widespread Indo-Pacific coral,Platygyra daedalea, from the southern Persian Gulf (maximum daily sea surface temperature of 36 °C), the Oman Sea (33 °C), and the central Great Barrier Reef (30 °C). These sperm samples were thawed during a later spawning event to test their ability to fertilize freshly spawned eggs ofP. daedaleacolonies from the central Great Barrier Reef. Average fertilization success for the Persian Gulf (9%) and Oman Sea (6%) sperm were 1.4–2.5 times lower than those for the native cryopreserved sperm from Great Barrier Reef (13–15%), potentially due to lower sperm quality of the Middle Eastern sperm and/or reproductive incompatibility between these distant populations. Overall, fertilization success with cryopreserved sperm was low compared with fresh sperm (>80%), likely due to the low motility of thawed sperm (≤5%, reduced from 50% to >90% in fresh sperm). To evaluate whether cross-bred offspring had enhanced thermal tolerance, the survival of larvae sired by Persian Gulf cryopreserved sperm, Great Barrier Reef cryopreserved sperm, and Great Barrier Reef fresh sperm was monitored for six days at ambient (27 °C) and elevated (33 °C) temperature. Against expectations of thermal tolerance enhancement, survival of larvae sired by Persian Gulf cryopreserved sperm was 2.6 times lower than larvae sired by Great Barrier Reef fresh sperm at 33 °C (27% versus 71%), but did not differ at 27 °C (77% versus 84%). This lack of enhanced thermal tolerance was unlikely due to outbreeding depression as survival was equally poor in larvae sired by Great Barrier Reef cryopreserved sperm. Rather, follow-up tests showed that cryoprotectant exposure during fertilization (0.1% DMSO) has a negative effect on the survival ofP. daedalealarvae which is exacerbated at elevated temperature. Collectively, our findings highlight challenges of breeding corals for enhanced thermal tolerance using cryopreserved sperm, which may be overcome by methodological advances in the collection and preservation of high-quality motile sperm and minimizing the exposure time of eggs to cryoprotectants.