bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimization of Pharmacophore of Novel Hybrid Nucleus of 1,3,4-
oxadiazole-chalcone using Literature Findings and In silico Approach as
EGFR Inhibitor
Authors: Patil Shital M. , Bhandari Shashikant V. 
Published: April 2022

Background:
Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. EGFR is one of the important
targets considered for current chemotherapeutic agents. The problem of drug resistance can be overcome
by the use of hybrid molecules. A hybrid of 1,3,4-oxadiazole and chalcone has been proved to be an anti-
EGFR inhibitor.

Objective:
The aim of the study was to carry out pharmacophore optimization of the hybrid nucleus of 1,3,4-
oxadiazole and chalcone by using literature findings and in-silico approach. A series of 24 substituted hybrid
molecules of 2-(5-phenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-ylthio)-N-(4-((Z)-3-phenylacryloyl)phenyl)acetamide derivatives
were subjected to 2D and 3D QSAR studies.

Method:
The survey of literature was carried out for selected hybrid nucleus using different available
databases. The 2D QSAR was performed by using the MLR, PLS, and PCR methods, while 3D QSAR
was performed using the KNN-MFA method.

Result:
A summary of literature findings was prepared. For 2D QSAR, statistically significant model was
obtained for the MLR method with r2=0.9128, q2=0.8065. For the 3D QSAR model, I was found to be significant
with q2=0.834. The pharmacophoric requirements for inhibition of EGFR were optimized by use of
the evidence attained after the generation of descriptors from QSAR studies and literature findings.

Conclusion:
This optimized pharmacophore will be useful in further drug design process.
Multi-Classification of Brain Tumors on Magnetic Resonance Images
Using an Ensemble of Pre-Trained Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Sen Gan , Wu Miao , Liu Qian , Yan Chuanbo 
Published: April 2022

Background:
Automatic classification of brain tumors is an important issue in computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) for medical applications since it can efficiently improve the clinician’s diagnostic performance and current study focused on the CAD system of the brain tumors.

Methods:
Existing studies mainly focused on a single classifier either based on traditional machine-learning algorithms or deep learning algorithms with unsatisfied results. In this study, we proposed an ensemble of pre-trained convolutional neural networks to classify brain tumors into three types from their T1-weighted contrast-enhanced MRI (CE-MRI) images, which are meningioma, glioma, and pituitary tumor. Three pre-trained convolutional neural networks (Inception-v3, Resnet101, Densenet201) with the best classification performance (i.e. accuracy of 96.21%, 97.00%, 96.54%, respectively) on the CE-MRI benchmark dataset were selected as backbones of the ensemble model. The features extracted by backbone networks in the ensemble model were further classified by a support vector machine.

Results:
The ensemble system achieved an average classification accuracy of 98.14% under a five-fold cross-validation process, outperforming any single deep learning model in the ensemble system and other methods in the previous studies. Performance metrics for each brain tumor type, including area under the curve, sensitivity, specificity, precision, and F-score, were calculated to show the ensemble system’s performance. Our work addressed a practical issue by evaluating the model with fewer training samples. The classification accuracy was reduced to 97.23%, 96.87%, and 93.96% when 75%, 50%, and 25% training data was used to train the ensemble model, respectively.

Conclusion:
Our ensemble model has a great capacity and achieved the best performance in any single convolutional neural networks for brain tumors classification and is potentially applicable in real clinical practice.
Removal of a Periarticular Cyst of the Hip Joint Using an Ultrasoundbased
Minimally Invasive Technique — A Case Report
Authors: Konarski Wojciech , Poboży Tomasz 
Published: April 2022

Introduction:
Cystic lesions protruding into surrounding anatomical structures may decrease
quality of life.

Case presentation:
In our case, the cyst was located periarticularly which indicated a potential need
for open surgery. We used ultrasound-based minimally invasive arthroscopy technique. A 39-year-oldwoman’s
ultrasonographic examination revealed delamination of the acetabular labrum and periarticular
cyst located extra-articularly, compressing the iliopsoas muscle. The ultrasound-guided complete
removal of the cyst was performed using a shaver blade placed into its lumen through the skin incision.
The acetabular labral tear was treated with a classic arthroscopy procedure. 5 weeks after the surgery,
the patient reported no pain and no functional impairment was detected.

Conclusion:
A well-known ultrasound diagnostic technique can save patients from more invasive procedures
and can be beneficial for the surgeons.
MRI Breast: Current Imaging Trends, Clinical Applications, and Future
Research Directions
Authors: Rahmat Kartini , Mumin Nazimah Ab , Hamid Marlina Tanty Ramli , Hamid Shamsiah Abdul , Ng Wei Lin 
Published: April 2022

Abstract:
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is the most sensitive and advanced imaging technique
in diagnosing breast cancer and is essential in improving cancer detection, lesion characterization, and
determining therapy response. In addition to the dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) technique, functional
techniques such as magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), diffusion-weighted imaging
(DWI), diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI), and intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) further characterize
and differentiate benign and malignant lesions thus, improving diagnostic accuracy.
There is now an increasing clinical usage of MRI breast, including screening in high risk and supplementary
screening tools in average-risk patients. MRI is becoming imperative in assisting breast surgeons
in planning breast-conserving surgery for preoperative local staging and evaluation of neoadjuvant
chemotherapy response. Other clinical applications for MRI breast include occult breast cancer
detection, investigation of nipple discharge, and breast implant assessment. There is now an abundance
of research publications on MRI Breast with several areas that still remain to be explored.
This review gives a comprehensive overview of the clinical trends of MRI breast with emphasis on
imaging features and interpretation using conventional and advanced techniques. In addition, future
research areas in MRI breast include developing techniques to make MRI more accessible and costeffective
for screening. The abbreviated MRI breast procedure and an area of focused research in the
enhancement of radiologists' work with artificial intelligence have high impact for the future in MRI
Breast.
Phenolic Compounds of Fig (Ficus carica L.) Leaves: Optimization of
Extraction by Response Surface Methodology and UPLC-MS Phytochemical
Characterization
Authors: Bachir-bey Mostapha , Yahiaoui Sonia , Kati Djamel Edine , Chaalal Makhlouf , Otmani Amar , Bettache Nadir 
Published: April 2022

Background:
This study is based on ethnobotanical observation and traditional medicinal utilization of fig (Ficus carica L.) by southwest Asian and Mediterranean populations.

Objective:
Considering phenolics among the highly bioactive compounds for their numerous therapeutic applications, the first goal of this investigation is the optimization of their recovery by using Response Surface Methodology (RSM).

Methods:
Prior to RSM, the single-factor method was applied for revealing the main factors influencing the extraction (solvent type, solvent concentration, sample˗to˗solvent ratio, temperature, and time of extraction). After using the optimal conditions of extraction, the second objective was the identification of fig leave phytochemicals by UPLC˗MS.

Results:
The results of preliminary optimization step through sequential methodology revealed that solvent concentration, extraction duration, and temperature, and were the main influencing factors. All these tested extraction parameters influenced significantly total phenolic contents (TPC) and DPPH-free radical scavenging activity (FRSA). RSM analysis using Box˗Behnken design showed that the optimal extraction conditions of total phenolic contents of fig leaves were 23.07% acetone, 51.82 °C, and 118.02 min with values of 29.44 mg GAE/g and 59.48% for TPC and FRSA, respectively. Eight phenolic compounds were detected including chlorogenic, caffeic, and coumaric acids, rutin, isoquercetin, luteolin, quercetin, and kaempferol well known for their bioactivities. Two non˗phenolic compounds were also found: The psoralen and an oxylipin, the 9˗oxo˗octadecadienoic acid that was detected for the first time in fig leaves.

Conclusion:
Through sequential and RSM optimization processes for phenolic antioxidants of Ficus carica leaves, the developed mathematic models have expressed a high level of significance. The UPLC-MS analysis of the optimal extract revealed numerous phenolic compounds known for their bioactivities.
Medications Associated with Occurrence of Urinary Tract Infections in
Patients with Diabetes, Heart Failure or Both
Authors: Hill Joseph Ben , Fixen Cy , Wright Garth , Saseen Joseph J. 
Published: April 2022

Background:
Evidence broadly identifying medications newly-initiated prior to the occurrence
of a urinary tract infection (UTI) in patients with diabetes, heart failure, or both of these
conditions is lacking.

Objective:
The aim was to broadly assess medication filling patterns and incidence of UTIs to
identify medications or medication classes most frequently initiated prior to UTI occurrence.

Methods:
This retrospective study utilizing a national claims database examined medications
commonly initiated in the six months preceding a UTI in patients with diabetes and/or heart failure.
Patients with a new diagnosis of UTI, a diagnosis of diabetes and/or heart failure, continuous enrollment
in the database for at least 12 months prior to the index UTI occurrence, and who initiated
at least one new medication in the 6 months preceding the index UTI were evaluated.

Results:
12,744 patients met criteria: 10,626 (83.4%) had a diagnosis of diabetes, 838 (6.6%) had a
diagnosis of heart failure, and 1,280 (10.0%) had diagnoses for both. Opioids were the most commonly
filled medication class among all three groups. Medications from the SGLT2i class were the
twelfth, eleventh, and eighteenth most common medications filled prior to the index UTI for all patients,
patients with diabetes, and patients with diabetes and heart failure, respectively.

Conclutions:
Opioids were by far the most commonly initiated medication class in the 6 months
prior to UTI incidence in patients with diabetes and/or heart failure. SGLT2i medications were not
commonly initiated in the 6 months prior to the occurrence of a UTI.
Repurposing Disulfiram as a Chemo-Therapeutic Sensitizer: Molecular Targets and
Mechanisms
Authors: Sun Feilong , Wang Hongzhi , Nie Jinfu , Hong Bo 
Published: April 2022

Abstract:
Currently, chemotherapy is still the main strategy for cancer treatment. However, chemotherapy resistance
remains a challenge. Disulfiram (DSF) is an FDA-approved medicine for the treatment of alcoholism; however, it was
later revealed to have anticancer properties. Importantly, numerous studies have shown that DSF can be employed as a
chemotherapeutic sensitizer to enhance the anticancer efficacy of chemo-drugs in a variety of cancers. Furthermore, the
combinations of DSF and chemo-drugs have been tested in clinical trials. In the review, we summarized the possible
molecular targets and mechanisms of DSF to reverse chemo-resistance. We also further discussed the opportunities and
challenges of DSF as a chemo-therapeutic sensitizer. In conclusion, DSF could be a potentially repurposed drug that
sensitizes cancer cells to chemotherapy in the clinic.
Effect of Curcumin on the Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cell Line HN5
Authors: Sharifi Simin , Khan Haroon , Abdolahinia Elaheh Dalir , Ahmadian Shahin , Bohlouli Sepideh , Gharehbagh Faezeh Jafarmadar , Jahandizi Negar Ghorbani , Vahed Sepideh Zununi , Saadat Yalda Rahbar , Aghbali Amirala , Dizaj Solmaz Maleki , Alsharif Khalaf F. 
Published: April 2022

Background:Curcumin has been isolated from the rhizomes of Curcuma longa. Over the years, it has shown outstanding therapeutic potential in various human disorders, including cancers.Objective:The aim is to study curcumin’s effects on the apoptosis signaling pathway in the head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cell line HN5.Methods:The cytotoxicity of curcumin on HN5 cells were assessed. In addition, HN5 cells were also treated with curcumin to evaluate its effect on the caspase-8, -9, Bcl-2, Bax, and Stat3 gene expressions.Results:The results exhibited that cell viability reduced following curcumin treatment in a concentration- dependent manner. Curcumin treatment caused decreased expression of Bcl2, with simultaneous upregulation of the Bax/Bcl2 ratio. Curcumin increased caspase-9 expression, did not affect caspase-8, and decreased Stat3 expression. The induction of the mitochondria-dependent apoptosis pathway of curcumin happened by modulating the expression of Bcl2 and Bax genes, resulting in the caspase-9 activation. Furthermore, curcumin decreased the expression of the Stat3 in HN-5 cells.Conclusions:In conclusion, curcumin showed marked anticancer effects in the HN-5 cell line by modulating Stat-3; Bax/Bcl-2 expression in vitro.
Resveratrol Augments Doxorubicin and Cisplatin Chemotherapy: A Novel
Therapeutic Strategy
Authors: Zarrabi Ali , Bishayee Anupam , Mirzaei Sepideh , Gholami Mohammad Hossein , Zabolian Amirhossein , Saleki Hossein , Bagherian Morteza , Torabi Seyed Mohammadreza , Sharifzadeh Seyed Omid , Hushmandi Kiavash , Fives Kaila R. , Khan Haroon , Ashrafizadeh Milad 
Published: April 2022

Background:
The treatment of cancer is a current challenge for public health, causing high rates of morbidity and mortality around the world. Doxorubicin (DOX) and cisplatin (CP) are two well-known chemotherapeutic agents approved by the Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of cancer patients. However, there are two problems associated with DOX and CP, namely, drug resistance and adverse impact. Resveratrol (Res) belongs to the stilbene class and possesses a variety of health-promoting effects, such as antioxidant, an-ti-inflammatory, anticancer, hepatoprotective, and neuroprotective effects.

Objective:
The aim of the present review is to give special attention towards the therapeutic impacts of Res in potentiating DOX and CP’s antitumor activities as well as reducing their side effects.

Methods:
PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar were used to search articles for the current manuscripts.

Results:
Co-administration of Res can prevent chemoresistance and potentiate the induction of apoptosis as well as cell cycle arrest in cancer cells. Res can enhance the sensitivity of can-cer cells to DOX and CP chemotherapy, via inhibiting the migration and metastasis of cancer cells. Simultaneously, Res, owing to its therapeutic actions, ameliorates the adverse impacts of DOX and CP on normal cells and organs, including the liver, kidney, brain, and testes. As Res suffers from poor bioavailability, to improve its antitumor activity and protective effects, nanoformulations have been developed with promising results.

Conclusion:
Conclusion: Based on preclinical studies, it is obvious that Res is a promising adjuvant for CP and DOX chemotherapy and its benefits can be utilized in the clinical course.
Oxytocin Release: A Remedy for Cerebral Inflammaging
Authors: Buemann Benjamin 
Published: April 2022

Abstract:Oxytocin facilitates reproduction both by physiological and behavioral mechanisms. Oxytocinergic neurons emerging from the hypothalamus release oxytocin from the pituitary gland to the blood by axonal discharge to regulate reproductive organs. However, at the same time, oxytocin is secreted into neighboring areas of the hypothalamus from the dendrites of these neurons. Here, the peptide acts by autocrine and paracrine mechanisms to influence other neuroendocrine systems. Furthermore, oxytocinergic neurons project to many different locations in the brain, where they affect sensory processing, affective functions, and reward. Additional to its regulatory role, significant anti-inflammatory and restoring effects of oxytocin have been reported from many invivo and in-vitro studies. The pervasive property of the oxytocin system may enable it generally to dampen stress reactions both peripherally and centrally, and protect neurons and supportive cells from inadequate inflammation and malfunctioning. Animal experiments have documented the importance of preserving immune- and stem cell functions in the hypothalamus to impede age-related destructive processes of the body. Sexual reward has a profound stimulating impact on the oxytocinergic activity, and the present article therefore presents the hypothesis that frequent sexual activity and gratigying social experiance may postpone the onset of frailty and age-associated diseases by neural protection from the bursts of oxytocin. Furthermore, suggestions are given how the neuroplastic properties of oxytocin may be utilized to enhance sexual reward by learning processes in order to further reinforce the release of this peptide.
Crystal Clamping in (Ba, Sr)TiO3 Borosilicate Glass Ceramics
Authors: Yadav Avadhesh Kumar , Gautam C.R. 
Published: April 2022

Background:
Perovskite glass-ceramics have attracted the attention of researchers and
scientists due to their wide range of applications in energy storage devices, solar cells, photovoltaic
cells, etc. Barium titanate is the first discovered perovskite glass-ceramics. After the discovery of
barium titanate, several perovskite glass-ceramics have been discovered. Several substitutions have
also been attempted for the progress of perovskites. Barium strontium titanate is one of the perovskite
glass-ceramics in which few barium ions are replaced by strontium ions. The crystal clamping
is also found in a few perovskite glass-ceramics, e.g., PbTiO3.

Aims:
In the present investigation, our focus is on the synthesis and crystallization behavior of barium
strontium titanate borosilicate glass-ceramics in glass system 64[(Ba1-xSrx).TiO3]-
30[2SiO2.B2O3]-5[K2O]-1[La2O3] (0.0 ≤ x ≤ 1.0).

Methods:
Synthesized glasses were characterized by differential thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction,
and scanning electron microscopy.

Results:
The crystallization behavior showed the formation of major crystalline phase of BaTiO3/
BaSrTiO3/ Ba1.91Sr0.09TiO4/ SrTiO3 along with some pyrochlore phase of Ba2TiSi2O8/ Sr2TiSi2O8/
Ba2Ti2B2O9/ Sr2B2O5. The crystalline phase formation depends upon both composition and the crystallization
process. The crystal clamping was attributed to synthesizing glass-ceramics samples during
the crystallization.

Conclusion:
Bulk barium strontium titanate glass-ceramics were successfully prepared by the melt
quench method. X-ray diffraction studies confirmed the formation of the major perovskite phase.
During the crystallization of glasses, crystal clamping is attributed to the barium strontium titanate
glass-ceramics.
Does Exposure to Sexualized Media Lead to Boys’ Objectification
of Girls and Women?: A Preregistered, Longitudinal Reanalysis
of Rousseau et al. (2019)
Authors: Ferguson Christopher J. 
Published: April 2022

Background:
The issue of whether fictional media can socialize male
attitudes toward women remains hotly contested. One recent longitudinal study
concluded that exposure to sexualized TV was associated with viewing women as
sex objects as well as the objectification of women. However, it was unclear
whether these findings were robust.

Methods:
Original data was obtained. In a preregistered regression design, the
association between sexualized television and music videos was longitudinally
examined with male sexual dominance, viewing women as sex objects and
objectification, controlling for T1 outcome scores and other control variables. The
sample included 487 adolescent males from Belgium.

Results:
No longitudinal association was found between sexualized media variables
and any of the outcome variables with proper controls in place.

Conclusions:
Longitudinal analyses do not support long-term associations between
sexualized media and adolescent male objectification of women.
Estrategias para la optimización de la gestión administrativa en una empresa constructora usando el Balanced Scorecard
Authors: Noboa Salazar José Gregorio , Vergara-Romero Arnaldo , Zamora Boza Clarisa Solange , Navarrete Granizo Andrés Washington 
Published: April 2022

La presente investigación, se desarrolla en una empresa anónima del sector de construcción, dedicada a la comercialización y fabricación de aceros. Se tiene como objetivo usar el Balanced Scorecard para medir el desempeño y los procesos, con el fin de optimizar el rendimiento de las actividades. El método que se aplica es de tipo descriptivo y exploratorio, se emplea la metodología cualitativa y cuantitativa, junto con el planteamiento del problema, se analiza y se identifica las causas que se pretende abordar, dando como justificación el uso de la herramienta. El marco teórico abarca los temas desde los antecedentes de la gestión administrativa, hasta el Balanced Scorecard. Es decir, se desglosa totalmente el tema de esta investigación hacia los componentes más básicos. Se detectó que la empresa en cada perspectiva presenta dificultades críticas, siendo la mayor magnitud la perspectiva de aprendizaje, con lo cual se detecta que la empresa carece una adecuada gestión de formación, crecimiento y compensación a colaboradores. Se propone una serie de estrategias relacionadas con las perspectivas: financieras, del cliente, de procesos y aprendizaje, con la finalidad de generar un impacto positivo en la gestión administrativa. Investigaciones similares son de interés, ya que permiten proponer oportunidades de mejora en la gestión administrativa, para el cumplimiento de objetivos empresariales, mediante la implementación de una metodología de gestión estratégica.