bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cylindrical quasi‐omnidirectional multibeam antenna based on spoof surface plasmon polaritons
Authors: Lin Peiying , Wu Zhouyi , Wu Yuting , Gao Yuan , Huangfu Jiangtao 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSpoof surface plasmon polaritons (SSPPs) are capable of propagating on metallic surfaces, while suffering energy leakage on curved surfaces. A new approach to designing SSPPs antennas is proposed that exactly exploits the curvature‐induced leakage to induce multi‐beam radiation. The antenna geometry consists of a subwavelength periodic block chain on a curved metallic surface for guiding the propagation and outward radiation of the SSPPs, resulting in a multi‐beam radiation pattern with a maximum gain of 7.36 dBi. The antenna works from 10.02 to 11.08 GHz with two wavelengths in diameter size. Moreover, two SSPPs antennas are merged together as a dual‐antenna pair for quasi‐omnidirectional radiation, which covers up to 360° with the gain above 0 dBi.
Formation of pebbles in (gravito-)viscous protoplanetary disks with various turbulent strengths
Authors: Vorobyov Eduard I. , Elbakyan Vardan G. , Johansen Anders , Lambrechts Michiel , Skliarevskii Aleksandr M. , Stoyanovskaya O. P. 
Published: December 2022

Aims. Dust plays a crucial role in the evolution of protoplanetary disks. We study the dynamics and growth of initially submicron dust particles in self-gravitating young protoplanetary disks with various strengths of turbulent viscosity. We aim to understand the physical conditions that determine the formation and spatial distribution of pebbles when both disk self-gravity and turbulent viscosity are at work.
Methods. We performed thin-disk hydrodynamics simulations of self-gravitating protoplanetary disks over an initial time period of 0.5 Myr using the FEOSAD code. Turbulent viscosity was parameterized in terms of the spatially and temporally constant α parameter, while the effects of gravitational instability on dust growth were accounted for by calculating the effective parameter αGI. We considered the evolution of the dust component, including the momentum exchange with gas, dust self-gravity, and a simplified model of dust growth.
Results. We find that the level of turbulent viscosity strongly affects the spatial distribution and total mass of pebbles in the disk. The α = 10−2 model is viscosity-dominated, pebbles are completely absent, and the dust-to-gas mass ratio deviates from the reference 1:100 value by no more than 30% throughout the extent of the disk. On the contrary, the α = 10−3 model and, especially, the α = 10−4 model are dominated by gravitational instability. The effective parameter α + αGI is now a strongly varying function of radial distance. As a consequence, a bottleneck effect develops in the innermost disk regions, which makes gas and dust accumulate in a ring-like structure. Pebbles are abundant in these models, although their total mass and spatial extent is sensitive to the dust fragmentation velocity and to the strength of gravitoturbulence. The use of the standard dust-to-gas mass conversion is not suitable for estimating the mass of pebbles.
Conclusions. Our numerical experiments demonstrate that pebbles can already be abundant in protoplanetary disks at the initial stages of disk evolution. Dust growth models that consider disk self-gravity and ice mantles may be important for studying planet formation via pebble accretion.
Safety of endoscopic pancreatic necrosectomy compared with percutaneous and surgical necrosectomy: a nationwide inpatient study
Authors: Ramai Daryl , McEntire Dan M. , Tavakolian Kameron , Heaton Joseph , Chandan Saurabh , Dhindsa Banreet , Dhaliwal Amaninder , Maida Marcello , Anderloni Andrea , Facciorusso Antonio , Adler Douglas G. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background and study aims Pancreatic necrosis is an independent predictor of morbidity and mortality among patients with acute pancreatitis. We compared the safety and outcomes of three techniques including endoscopic necrosectomy, fluoroscopy-guided percutaneous necrosectomy by an interventional radiologist, and surgical necrosectomy.
Patients and methods Using the Nationwide Readmissions Database, we identified hospitalized patients who underwent pancreatic necrosectomy from 2016 to 2019. They were identified using the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision, Procedure Coding System.
Results: Of the 2,281 patients meeting the selection criteria, the method of pancreatic necrosectomy was as follows: endoscopy (n = 672), percutaneous (n = 1,338), and surgery (n = 271). Compared to surgery, the rate of mortality was lowest for endoscopy (hazard ratio (HR) 0.27; 95 % CI 0.08–0.90; P = 0.033) followed by percutaneous (HR 0.44; 95 % CI, 0.20–0.98; P = 0.045). Endoscopy was associated with less post-procedure bleeding compared to percutaneous and surgical necrosectomy (P < 0.001), as well as lower rates of post-procedure renal failure (P < 0.001) and respiratory failure (P = 0.002). Endoscopy was associated with average shorter lengths of stay and total hospital costs when compared with percutaneous and surgical approaches, respectively (20.1 vs 25.8 vs 38.3 days; P < 0.001) and ($ 57K vs $ 76K vs $ 123K; P < 0.001).
Conclusions Endoscopic necrosectomy is associated with significantly lower risk of inpatient mortality, adverse events, length of stay, and cost when compared to percutaneous and surgical approaches.
Diagnostic Effectiveness of Third-Trimester Fetal Doppler Studies in Pregnancy to Predict Late-and-Term Stillbirth and Neonatal Mortality in the Samrakshan Program in India
Authors: Choorakuttil Rijo Mathew , Satarkar Shilpa R. , Sharma Lalit K. , Gupta Anjali , Baghel Akanksha , Rajput Eesha , Nirmalan Praveen K. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Aim To determine the diagnostic effectiveness of third-trimester fetal Doppler studies in pregnancy for stillbirths and neonatal mortality in the Samrakshan program of the Indian Radiological and Imaging Association (IRIA).
Methods The mean uterine artery (UtA) pulsatility index (PI) > 95th percentile, umbilical artery PI > 95th percentile, middle cerebral artery (MCA) PI < 5th percentile, and/or cerebroplacental ratio (CPR) < 5th percentile in the third trimester fetal Doppler study was considered as abnormal. The results of the fetal Doppler study closest to childbirth were considered for analysis. Late stillbirth (SB) was defined as a fetal loss between 28 and 36 gestation weeks and the term SB was defined as a fetal loss at ≥ 37 gestation weeks. Neonatal death was defined as the demise of a live-born baby within the first 28 days of life. Parameters of diagnostic effectiveness such as sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values and likelihood ratios, diagnostic odds ratio, and the area under receiver operator characteristic (AUROC) curve were assessed.
Results Screening of 1,326 pregnant women in the third trimester of pregnancy between September 2019 and February 2022, identified 308 (23.23%) abnormal Doppler studies, 11 (0.83%) SB, and 11 (0.84%) neonatal deaths. An abnormal Doppler study was significantly associated with late stillbirths (OR 37.2, 95% CI: 2.05, 674) but not with term SB (OR: 3.38, 95% CI: 0.76, 15) or neonatal deaths (OR 1.39, 95% CI: 0.40, 4.87). Mean UtA PI, umbilical artery PI, MCA PI, and CPR were significantly associated with late SB and not term SB. The AUROC of Doppler measures was excellent for late SB but did not show discriminatory ability for term SB or neonatal deaths.
Conclusion Integration of fetal Doppler with routine third-trimester antenatal scans can help identify pregnant women at high risk for late SB. The effectiveness of fetal Doppler to identify pregnant women at high risk for term SB and neonatal deaths needs further study on a larger sample size.
COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy, acceptance and informational needs in an Australian cancer population: a cross-sectional survey
Authors: Scanlon Brighid , Wyld David , Firman Paul , Nakagaki Midori , Durham Jo , Kennedy Glen , Moran Paul , Smith Michael , Gavin Nicole 
Published: December 2022

Objective This study aimed to investigate COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy, acceptance, and unmet informational needs in a cancer population during the first phase of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination rollout in Australia. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted in a large tertiary hospital in Queensland, Australia, between 10 May and 31 July 2021. The survey assessed health beliefs, experiences of the COVID-19 pandemic, COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and informational needs. Results COVID-19 was perceived to be a significant threat to both physical and mental health. While 57.9% (n = 110) of respondents believed the COVID-19 vaccines were safe and 64.2% (n = 122) believed they were effective, more than half (52.6%; n = 100) agreed that they worried about vaccine side effects. Most respondents (84.2%; n = 160) planned to receive the COVID-19 vaccine; however, feelings of hesitancy remained. There was a statistically significant association between those aged under 60 years (P = 0.003), those with previous vaccine hesitancy (P = 0.000), those who felt they had not received adequate information (P = 0.000) and vaccine hesitancy. Requested information pertained to interactions with cancer treatments, those with a history of blood clotting and information for those undergoing bone marrow transplantation. Conclusions There is a need for tailored COVID-19 vaccine communication that is responsive to the concerns of people with cancer. This will be beneficial during current and future vaccination rollouts.
Ideological and explanatory uses of the COVID-19 as a war metaphor in science
Authors: Augé Anaïs 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This paper proposes to investigate the varying implications of the war metaphor in scientific
publications discussing the COVID-19 pandemic. The corpus under study is composed of articles retrieved from the international
scientific journal Nature, the weekly magazine New Scientist, and the international agency
World Health Organisation. With a focus on three main characteristics of the pandemic – body health, medical
solutions, and global impact of the virus – the present study asks to what extent the use of the war metaphor can vary to
offer different viewpoints on the pandemic. The particular view on the virus – through metaphorical use – depends on the readers
each publication targets, the pressure to find solutions, the editorial requirements, and the aim of the publication. We conclude
that the war metaphor may not systematically be associated with disputable interpretations (as reported in literature),
it also serves an explanatory function.
The convergence and divergence of extension and intension on semantic change
Authors: Du Jing , Li Fuyin Thomas 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDespite the fact that semantic change studies have intensively argued that intensional readings develop from the literal reading as a whole, diachronic prototype semantics proposes that intensional readings arise from the extensional subsets of the literal reading. This study empirically explored this proposal by carrying out a corpus-based diachronic study. It is proved from the semantic change of Chinesepòthat: (1) There exists a corresponding relationship between extensional usages and intensional readings of a lexical item. (2) Extension and intension both converge and diverge on semantic change. Their convergence lies in the fact that extensional usages give rise to intensional readings. Extensional usages, though nuanced, motivate the emergence and development of intensional readings. Their divergence is reflected in the independent development of extensional usages and intensional readings. The subsistence or dying out of extensional usages does not constrain the appearance or disappearance of intensional readings. (3) Semantic change involves three stages, namely the extensional stage, the intensional stage, and the grammaticalization stage. These three stages constitute an interweaving continuum in the process of semantic change.
Evaluation of the effect of the menstrual cycle on hearing
Authors: Kaya Beyza , Çiftçi Hatice Nihan , Çelebi Zehra , Yılmaz Oğuz , Şerbetçioğlu Mustafa Bülent 
Published: December 2022

Objective:
In women, sudden changes in sex hormones occur due to the menstrual cycle. These hormonal changes cause changes in the concentrations of inner ear fluid. It is also known that acoustic trauma specifically affects the audiometric frequency of 4000 Hz, and oestrogen has a protective effect against acoustic trauma. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of hormonal changes on the peripheral auditory system during the menstrual cycle.

Methods:
Within the scope of this study, pure tone audiometry, wideband tympanometry and otoacoustic emission tests (TEOAEs, & DPOAEs) were performed on 38 normal hearing women, between the ages of 18–25 years who did not use contraceptive medication. Statistical evaluations were performed using IBM Statistics SPSS 20.0 package program.

Results:
Data from pure tone air-conduction hearing thresholds, middle ear function and Transient Evoked Otoacoustic emissions suggested that no significant changes were observed between follicular and luteal phases of the assessed subjects. However, for the Distortion Product Otoacoustic emission test, a significant difference was observed in the left ear at 4000 Hz (p ≤ 0.05).

Conclusion:
This study suggests that hormonal fluctuations during the menstrual cycle do not have a significantly measurable effect on the peripheral auditory system.
Vibrational kinetics in repetitively pulsed atmospheric pressure nitrogen discharges: average-power-dependent switching behaviour
Authors: Davies Helen L , Guerra Vasco , van der Woude Marjan , Gans Timo , O’Connell Deborah , Gibson Andrew R 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Characterisation of the vibrational kinetics in nitrogen-based plasmas at atmospheric pressure is crucial for understanding the wider plasma chemistry, which is important for a variety of biomedical, agricultural and chemical processing applications. In this study, a 0-dimensional plasma chemical-kinetics model has been used to investigate vibrational kinetics in repetitively pulsed, atmospheric pressure plasmas operating in pure nitrogen, under application-relevant conditions (average plasma powers of 0.23–4.50 W, frequencies of 1–10 kHz, and peak pulse powers of 23–450 W). Simulations predict that vibrationally excited state production is dominated by electron-impact processes at lower average plasma powers. When the average plasma power increases beyond a certain limit, due to increased pulse frequency or peak pulse power, there is a switch in behaviour, and production of vibrationally excited states becomes dominated by vibrational energy transfer processes (vibration–vibration (V–V) and vibration–translation (V–T) reactions). At this point, the population of vibrational levels up to

v
⩽
40

increases significantly, as a result of V–V reactions causing vibrational up-pumping. At average plasma powers close to where the switching behaviour occurs, there is potential to control the energy efficiency of vibrational state production, as small increases in energy deposition result in large increases in vibrational state densities. Subsequent pathways analysis reveals that energy in the vibrational states can also influence the wider reaction chemistry through vibrational–electronic (V–E) linking reactions (N + N

2

(
40
⩽
v
⩽
45
)
→

N

(
2

D
)

+ N

2

(
A
)

and N + N

2

(
39
⩽
v
⩽
45
)
→

N + N

2

(

a
′

)

), which result in increased Penning ionisation and an increased average electron density. Overall, this study investigates the potential for delineating the processes by which electronically and vibrationally excited species are produced in nitrogen plasmas. Therefore, potential routes by which nitrogen-containing plasma sources could be tailored, both in terms of chemical composition and energy efficiency, are highlighted.
Generation of time-bin-encoded photons in an ion-cavity system
Authors: Ward Travers , Keller Matthias 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
We investigate two single-photon generation schemes and compare their suitability for use in time-bin entanglement encoding. A trapped ion coupled to an optical cavity produces single photons through a cavity-assisted Raman transition. By manipulating the phase relationship between time-bins of successive photons, distinct features in the interference pattern of a Hong–Ou–Mandel measurement emerge. Through careful selection of the initial state, detrimental effects of spontaneous emission can be significantly reduced. We demonstrate that this reduction allows us to impart a measurable phase profile onto the emitted photons making time-bin entanglement encoding feasible with an ion-cavity system.
Analytical approximations to a generalized forced damped complex Duffing oscillator: multiple scales method and KBM approach
Authors: Alhejaili Weaam , Salas Alvaro H , El-Tantawy S A 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In this investigation, some different approaches are implemented for analyzing a generalized forced damped complex Duffing oscillator, including the hybrid homotopy perturbation method (H-HPM), which is sometimes called the Krylov-Bogoliubov-Mitropolsky (KBM) method and the multiple scales method (MSM). All mentioned methods are applied to obtain some accurate and stable approximations to the proposed problem without decoupling the original problem. All obtained approximations are discussed graphically using different numerical values to the relevant parameters. Moreover, all obtained approximate solutions are compared with the 4th-order Runge-Kutta (RK4) numerical approximation. The maximum residual distance error (MRDE) is also estimated, in order to verify the high accuracy of the obtained analytic approximations.
Anisotropic phonon and magnon vibration and gate-tunable optoelectronic properties of nickel thiophosphite
Authors: Muhammad Zahir , Szpakowski Jan , Abbas Ghulam , Zu Lin , Islam Rajibul , Wang Yan , Wali Faiz , Karmakar Arka , Molas Maciej R , Zhang Yue , Zhu Ling , Zhao Weisheng , Zhang Han 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Transition metal phosphorus trichalcogenides retain spin-charge coupling and lattice vibrations in different layers, which are useful for spintronic and optoelectronic devices. The phonon, magnons and excitonic properties of two-dimensional ternary nickel-phosphorus trisulfides (NiPS3) are investigated using Raman spectroscopy and photoluminescence (PL) study. With magnetic exchange interaction, an exotic phonon scattering degenerates the optical phonons into in-plane A
g and B
g modes. We have observed eight Raman modes with two acoustic anisotropic magnon modes (M
1, M
2) below the critical temperature for co-(XX), while only M
1 at cross (XY) polarizations. The M
1 mode is coupled with the phonon B
g mode that can survive after transition temperature. The phonon and magnon modes soften with variations in temperature, which is attributed to anharmonic phonon–phonon coupling and interlayer forces. The polarized Raman shows the two-fold and four-fold symmetry orientations of the phonon and magnon modes, respectively, which exhibit strong in-plane anisotropic phonon/magnon. The PL spectra revealed the existence of bound excitonic features and ensemble emitters in NiPS3. The robust interlayer excitation and structural stability further revealed the optothermal properties. Moreover, the fabricated field-effect transistor on NiPS3 reveals p-type semiconducting nature with an ON/OFF ratio of 5 × 106 and mobility of ∼16.34 cm2 V−1 s−1. In contrast, the rectification ratio indicates their diode characteristics. Similarly, the photocurrent is enhanced by changing the wavelength of light, which shows the potential for optoelectronics. The strong spin-charge interaction provides new insights into these materials’ magneto-optical and thermal properties for memory devices.
Study on the morphology and distribution of Fe phase in solidification structure of Cu-15Fe alloy ingots
Authors: Guo Junli , Hu Qiang , Lu Deping , Zou Jin 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The realization of high strength of copper-iron (Cu-Fe) alloy is related to its solidification structure. The morphology and distribution characteristics of Fe phase in the solidification structure of Cu-15Fe alloy ingot were analyzed, and the deformation strength of the alloy was compared. The results show that the cooling conditions can affect the size, morphology and distribution of Fe phase in the solidified structure. The average distribution uniformity in the water-cooled copper mold ingot (W-ingot) is 0.45% higher than that in the quartz mold ingot (Q-ingot). The distribution quality of Fe phase in solidification structure can be evaluated by fractal dimension and average Fe phase area. The larger the fractal dimension is, the smaller the average Fe phase area is, where Fe phase is smaller and more uniform in the corresponding region. In the experiment, the strength of the strip increased from 510 to 547 Mpa corresponds to the Q-ingot and the W-ingot.
2023 roadmap on photocatalytic water splitting
Authors: Bahnemann Detlef , Robertson Peter , Wang Chuanyi , Choi Wonyong , Daly Helen , Danish Mohtaram , de Lasa Hugo , Escobedo Salvador , Hardacre Christopher , Jeon Tae Hwa , Kim Bupmo , Kisch Horst , Li Wei , Long Mingce , Muneer M , Skillen Nathan , Zhang Jingzheng 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
As a consequence of the issues resulting from global climate change many nations are starting to transition to being low or net zero carbon economies. To achieve this objective practical alternative fuels are urgently required and hydrogen gas is deemed one of the most desirable substitute fuels to traditional hydrocarbons. A significant challenge, however, is obtaining hydrogen from sources with low or zero carbon footprint i.e. so called ‘green’ hydrogen. Consequently, there are a number of strands of research into processes that are practical techniques for the production of this ‘green’ hydrogen. Over the past five decades there has been a significant body of research into photocatalytic (PC)/photoelectrocatalytic processes for hydrogen production through water splitting or water reduction. There have, however been significant issues faced in terms of the practical capability of this promising technology to produce hydrogen at scale. This road map article explores a range of issues related to both PC and photoelectrocatalytic hydrogen generation ranging from basic processes, materials science through to reactor engineering and applications for biomass reforming.
Increasing the manoeuvrability of power units of the thermal power plants due to applying the hydrogen-oxygen systems
Authors: Solovey Victor , Zipunnikov Mykola , Rusanov Roman 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The article describes a method for providing additional peak power of a power-unit with help of an additional energy circuit involving a peak turbine and a hydrogen–oxygen system for energy storage and generation. This method is described on the example of K-300-240 turbine power unit. The proposed technical solutions result in the nominal, most economical mode of a power-unit operation during a day. Consequently, the specific fuel consumption is decreased, and reliability of equipment operation is increased. We have developed the technology for high-pressure gases generating that is realized in the membrane-less electrolysers. Thus, there is no need in the use of expensive and energy-intensive compressor equipment for the energy storage systems. That means that the cost of power unit modernization is reduced. Taking into account the environmental and economic factors, the use of hydrogen–oxygen systems for energy storage at the power generating enterprises provides a value of the energy return coefficient that is practically the same as for hydro-storage power plant. But capital costs of power unit modernization are significantly lowered and negative impact on the environment is minimal.