bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Machine Learning for Predicting Discharge Disposition After Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Satyadev Nihal , Warman Pranav I. , Seas Andreas , Kolls Brad J. , Haglund Michael M. , Fuller Anthony T. , Dunn Timothy W. 
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND:
Current traumatic brain injury (TBI) prognostic calculators are commonly used to predict the mortality and Glasgow Outcome Scale, but these outcomes are most relevant for severe TBI. Because mild and moderate TBI rarely reaches severe outcomes, there is a need for novel prognostic endpoints.

OBJECTIVE:
To generate machine learning (ML) models with a strong predictive capacity for trichotomized discharge disposition, an outcome not previously used in TBI prognostic models. The outcome can serve as a proxy for patients' functional status, even in mild and moderate patients with TBI.

METHODS:
Using a large data set (n = 5292) of patients with TBI from a quaternary care center and 84 predictors, including vitals, demographics, mechanism of injury, initial Glasgow Coma Scale, and comorbidities, we trained 6 different ML algorithms using a nested-stratified-cross-validation protocol. After optimizing hyperparameters and performing model selection, isotonic regression was applied to calibrate models.

RESULTS:
When maximizing the microaveraged area under the receiver operating characteristic curve during hyperparameter optimization, a random forest model exhibited top performance. A random forest model was also selected when maximizing the microaveraged area under the precision–recall curve. For both models, the weighted average area under the receiver operating characteristic curves was 0.84 (95% CI 0.81-0.87) and the weighted average area under the precision–recall curves was 0.85 (95% CI 0.82-0.88).

CONCLUSION:
Our group presents high-performing ML models to predict trichotomized discharge disposition. These models can assist in optimization of patient triage and treatment, especially in cases of mild and moderate TBI.
Cancer cachexia: lessons from Drosophila
Authors: Liu Ying , Saavedra Pedro , Perrimon Norbert 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT
Cachexia, a wasting syndrome that is often associated with cancer, is one of the primary causes of death in cancer patients. Cancer cachexia occurs largely due to systemic metabolic alterations stimulated by tumors. Despite the prevalence of cachexia, our understanding of how tumors interact with host tissues and how they affect metabolism is limited. Among the challenges of studying tumor–host tissue crosstalk are the complexity of cancer itself and our insufficient knowledge of the factors that tumors release into the blood. Drosophila is emerging as a powerful model in which to identify tumor-derived factors that influence systemic metabolism and tissue wasting. Strikingly, studies that are characterizing factors derived from different fly tumor cachexia models are identifying both common and distinct cachectic molecules, suggesting that cachexia is more than one disease and that fly models can help identify these differences. Here, we review what has been learned from studies of tumor-induced organ wasting in Drosophila and discuss the open questions.
Psychometric properties of the Satisfaction with Life Scale in a Cypriot student sample
Authors: Anthimou Antreas , Koutsogiorgi Chrystalla , Michaelides Michalis P. 
Published: March 2022

Subjective well-being has been researched across multiple studies to identify how different people define happiness and satisfaction in their lives. Life satisfaction, a key component of subjective well-being, has been used on its own as a global judgment of an individual’s subjective level of satisfaction with life. The Satisfaction with Life scale (SWLS) allows people to express their perceptions about 5 simple statements. This study aimed to assess the psychometric properties of the Greek version of the scale in a Cypriot sample of 341 university students. Psychometric analysis revealed that the data fit well in a unidimensional factor model in a confirmatory factor analysis, with adequate reliability indices of McDonald’s ω and Cronbach’s α =.86, and test-retest reliability of Pearson r = .85. SWLS scores had negative correlation coefficients with scores from trait anxiety, perceived stress, neuroticism, behavioral inhibition and depression measures, and moderate to strong positive correlations with scores from optimism and self-esteem measures; they were weakly positively associated with social desirability and uncorrelated with need for cognition scores. Overall, the SWLS scale had satisfactory psychometric properties in terms of reliability, factorial, convergent and discriminant validity and can be used with a Greek-speaking student population.
Μορφολογική επίγνωση και λεξιλόγιο: η εξέταση της μεταξύ τους σχέσης στο νηπιαγωγείο
Authors: Γρηγοράκης Ιωάννης 
Published: March 2022

Σκοπός αυτής της μελέτης ήταν να εξετάσει τη σχέση μεταξύ της μορφολογικής επίγνωσης και του λεξιλογίου των παιδιών στο νηπιαγωγείο. Διακόσια δεκαπέντε ελληνόφωνα νήπια εξετάστηκαν σε τρεις δεξιότητες μορφολογικής επίγνωσης (κλίση, παραγωγή και σύνθεση), στο προσληπτικό λεξιλόγιο και στο εκφραστικό λεξιλόγιο. Παράλληλα, εξετάστηκαν και σε άλλες γνωστικές και γλωσσικές δεξιότητες. Τα αποτελέσματα των ιεραρχικών παλινδρομικών αναλύσεων έδειξαν ότι καθεμία από τις επιμέρους όψεις της μορφολογικής επίγνωσης (επίγνωση της κλίσης, της παραγωγής και της σύνθεσης) είχε μία ανεξάρτητη συμβολή τόσο στο προσληπτικό όσο και στο εκφραστικό λεξιλόγιο. Επιπλέον, τα αποτελέσματα έδειξαν ότι ο κάθε τύπος λεξιλογίου είχε μία ανεξάρτητη συμβολή σε καθεμία από τις επιμέρους όψεις της μορφολογικής επίγνωσης. Τα αποτελέσματα αυτά συμβάλλουν στην κατανόηση της σχέσης μεταξύ των δύο αναπτυσσόμενων δεξιοτήτων, καθώς έδειξαν μία αμφίδρομη σχέση. Επίσης, υπογραμμίζουν τη σημασία που μπορεί να έχουν όλες οι επιμέρους όψεις της μορφολογικής επίγνωσης στη διαμόρφωση αυτής της σχέσης.
Kinematic analysis and motion planning simulation of cooperative robot
Authors: Song Enquan , Li Jiaqi , Liao Yuhe 
Published: March 2022

Background: With the wide use of robots in electric welding and mechanical manufacturing, we need to reflect their trajectory at work, verify the effectiveness of robotic working principles and prevent unnecessary problems through simulation experiments. In order to meet the requirements of precision and controllable trajectory of robots in the assembly process, we need to model the kinematics of robots, and adopt an interpolation method to improve the kinematic accuracy of robots. Methods: To solve the problems of low accuracy and poor stability of robots in assembly trajectory, a method which combines an optimized Denavit and Hartenberg (D-H) parameter modeling method and interpolation method is presented for the first time in this paper. For this purpose, the configuration and startup files required for robot motion planning are created to configure the corresponding simulation platform of an AUBO-i5 collaborative robot. In order to study the reliability of the proposed method, a three-dimensional environment model of the manipulator is established. Then, the robot’s linear trajectory planning is realized, and thus the position changes of each joint are analyzed. Results: The simulation results show that the improved D-H method effectively improves the stability and accuracy of the motion trajectory of each joint and provides a basis for the robot to realize more flexible motion planning. Conclusions: In the assembly process, we can use the simulation platform for simulation experiments to avoid unnecessary problems. In addition, we can use the improved D-H method and interpolation method to improve the trajectory accuracy of robots. The method presented in the paper can effectively reduce the damage of the robot in the process of use and improve the assembly efficiency of robots.
Identification of potential biological targets of oxindole scaffolds via in silico repositioning strategies
Authors: Tinivella Annachiara , Pinzi Luca , Gambacorta Guido , Baxendale Ian , Rastelli Giulio 
Published: March 2022

Background: Drug repurposing is an alternative strategy to traditional drug discovery that aims at predicting new uses for already existing drugs or clinical candidates. Drug repurposing has many advantages over traditional drug development, such as reduced attrition rates, time and costs. This is especially the case considering that most drugs investigated for repurposing have already been assessed for their safety in clinical trials. Repurposing campaigns can also be designed for libraries of already synthesized molecules at different levels of biological experimentation, from null to in vitro and in vivo. Such an extension of the “repurposing” concept is expected to provide significant advantages for the identification of novel drugs, as the synthetic accessibility of the desired compounds is often one of the limiting factors in the traditional drug discovery pipeline. Methods: In this work, we performed a computational repurposing campaign on a library of previously synthesized oxindole-based compounds, in order to identify potential new targets for this versatile scaffold. To this aim, ligand-based approaches were firstly applied to evaluate the similarity degree of the investigated compound library, with respect to ligands extracted from the DrugBank, Protein Data Bank (PDB) and ChEMBL databases. In particular, the 2D fingerprint-based and 3D shape-based similarity profiles were evaluated and compared for the oxindole derivates. Results: The analyses predicted a set of potential candidate targets for repurposing, some of them emerging by consensus of different computational analyses. One of the identified targets, i.e., the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR-2) kinase, was further investigated by means of docking calculations, followed by biological testing of one candidate. Conclusions: While the compound did not show potent inhibitory activity towards VEGFR-2, the study highlighted several other possibilities of therapeutically relevant targets that may be worth of consideration for drug repurposing.
Case Report: Predominant brain superficial location of Epstein-Barr virus-related primary central nervous system diffuse large B cell lymphoma in a young woman with primary Sjögren’s syndrome
Authors: Zhang Jinsong , Su Wen , Zhao Chengtian , Sheng Aizhen , Jiang Yun 
Published: March 2022

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)- related primary central nervous system (CNS) diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is very rare in young patients without immunodeficiency. The predominant brain superficial location of EBV-related primary CNS DLBCL, and its’ concurrence with EBV-related lumbar-sacral radiculitis are special and have not been described previously. A young female patient presented with multiple cranial neuropathies, radiculopathy of lower limbs, and urinary retention. Her series brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed dynamic changes, starting from lesions mainly in cranial nerves to mammillary body, pineal body, meninges, and finally in the bilateral cerebellum and cerebral lobes. Lumber spinal MRI showed enhancement in meninges and cauda equine roots. 18-ﬂuorodeoxyglucose PET-CT revealed remarkably increased glucose metabolism in the lesions shown on the aforementioned brain MRI and lumbar spinal MRI, as well as right axillary lymph nodes. The biopsy of a whole axillary node on right side indicated EBV-related lymphoproliferation. Lumbar meninges and cauda nerves biopsy revealed chronic inflammation. By cerebral spinal fluid cytology and in situ hybridization, EBV-encoded small RNA (EBER) positive large B cell lymphoma was identified. The patient also had primary Sjögren’s syndrome (PSS). The patient died two weeks after treatment with rituximab, lenalidomide and methylprednisolone. She had survived for four and a half months since symptom onset. The patient presented with several stages of EBV-related complications in the nervous system, chronic EBV infection of lumbar-sacral radiculitis, and primary CNS DLBCL, indicating the process from chronic EBV infection to DLBCL in nervous system. Intracranial acute bacterium infection probably exacerbated the progression of CNS DLBCL. The concomitant sufferings of PSS reflected immune-dysfunction might have increased the risk of EBV-related CNS DLBCL in this young patient.
Resilience and entrepreneurship: a systematic review
Authors: Conduah Andrew Kweku , Essiaw (PhD) Mary Naana 
Published: March 2022

Background: The concept of resilience runs through an array of disciplines, consisting of engineering, public health, ecology, psychology, sociology, disaster management, and business administration. Researchers have tries to explain the relationship amongst connected ideas such as resiliency, adaptability, transformability, and vulnerability but their varied definitions and differences between them remain fuzzy. There are two reasons why resilience theory is important in entrepreneurship. Firstly, researchers generally employ the term resilience to mean consciousness, determination, perseverance, or self-value to justify why some entrepreneurs and their firms achieve better results than their non-resilient counterparts. Secondly, there are cognitive and behavioral entrepreneurial traits that strengthen a firm’s capability to adapt to varying conditions. The aim of this study is to review the literature that intercepts resilience and entrepreneurship. The study will attempt to identify scholarly conversations to construct notions of resilience and entrepreneurship. Therefore, limitations in the current literature will be examined and directions for future studies would be highlighted. Methods: This paper adopted a systematic interdisciplinary review of relevant studies that is patterned using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Results: The scholarly works selected from the literature portrayed six emerging colloquies or research tributaries that intercept entrepreneurship and resilience: Resilience as a function of entrepreneurial individuals or firms,Resilience generating entrepreneurial intentions,Entrepreneurial behavior boosting organizational resilience and,Resilience in the framework of entrepreneurial failure,Entrepreneurship and culture,Resilience as a process of recovery and transformation. Conclusions: This study serves as a backdrop for the emergence of more nuanced debates on the relationship that exists between different streams of conversations on resilience. In addition, this paper shows how entrepreneurs contribute towards promoting a constructively sustainable means for socio-economic development.
Exploring the barriers and enablers experienced by people with Cystic Fibrosis and their healthcare professionals in accessing, utilising and delivering maternity and Cystic Fibrosis care during the pre-conception to post-partum period: A mixed methods systematic review protocol.
Authors: Balfe Jen , Donnelly Jennifer , Tecklenborg Sarah , Walsh Aisling 
Published: March 2022

Background Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive inherited multi-system disease that primarily affects the lungs and digestive system. New drug therapies and treatments are improving the lives of many people with CF. With improved life expectancy and increased quality of life, many people with CF are now contemplating parenthood and becoming pregnant, an aspiration that decades ago was almost unheard of. Given this quickly evolving and more positive health landscape, it is vital to understand how people with CF experience the care they receive whilst accessing and utilising fertility and maternity services. It is also important to explore the experiences of healthcare professionals involved in providing care during this period. The overall aim of the mixed-methods systematic review will be to explore the barriers and enablers experienced by people with CF and the healthcare professionals involved in their care in the pre-conception to post-partum period. Methods The proposed review will be conducted in accordance with the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology for convergent integrated mixed methods systematic reviews. A systematic search of Medline (Ebsco), Cinahl, Embase, APA PsychINFO and Cochrane Library from inception to February 2022 will be conducted. Quantitative, qualitative and mixed methods studies pertaining to the experience of pre-conception to post-partum care for people with CF and their healthcare professionals will be included. Two independent reviewers will screen titles, abstracts and full texts with disagreements being resolved by a third reviewer. Conclusion This review will help to determine the potential barriers and facilitators experienced by people with Cystic Fibrosis and the health care professionals involved in their care during the pre-conception to post-partum period. The results will be of benefit specifically to the CF population and their healthcare providers when planning further studies in the area of fertility and pregnancy for this population and when delivering care.
Participatory Visual Methods with caregivers of children with Congenital Zika Syndrome in Colombia: A case study
Authors: Reichenberger Veronika , Smythe Tracey , Hameed Shaffa , Rubiano Perea Luisa Consuelo , Shakespeare Tom , Penn-Kekana Loveday , Kuper Hannah 
Published: March 2022

Background: This study explores the acceptability and feasibility of the use of two different Participatory Visual Methods (Participatory Video and Digital Storytelling) in gathering information on the experiences and perspectives of carers of children with Congenital Zika Syndrome within Colombia. Methods: Participatory Video was used to assess the impact of the Juntos parent-support intervention in the lives of carers, and Digital Storytelling was used to explore the healthcare access for these children. In-depth interviews were conducted to probe participants on their views of these methods. Results: One Participatory Video was produced and four Digital Stories. Of the initial eight caregivers who took part in the Participatory Video process, four completed both the Digital Storytelling process and an in-depth interview about their experiences. The main factors shaping participants’ experiences related to the skills learned in making the videos, the feeling of collectiveness and the control over the processes. Conclusion: Women with children with Congenital Zika Syndrome have reported feeling marginalised and misunderstood in daily life. This case study found that Participatory Visual Methods is acceptable and feasible. Moreover, these approaches can support groups in different aspects, such as providing a space to share their stories creatively, hear others in similar situations as them and increase the feeling of community.
Sources and theoretical foundations of the emergence of public opinion about police officers
Authors: Bashlueva Natalya 
Published: March 2022

The article deals with the criteria for evaluating the society of police actions. Police officers take an active part in ensuring the security of the individual, society as a whole, and the state, performing difficult tasks in various parts of the country. Evaluation of the activities of police officers is manifested in public opinion, which is laid down and formed in childhood. The formation of public opinion occurs as a result of its development both in the social framework as a whole and in certain communities: social, regional, professional, political and others. The process of forming public opinion consists of three main stages: the origin, the direct formation, as well as the functioning of public opinion. It is necessary to build new programs based on the analysis of the results of the activities of previous years, develop methods that will help to increase the level of trust of citizens in police officers, point out the most problematic aspects of police activity, improve the quality of its activities. The relevance of this topic is primarily due to the fact that the assessment of the activities of police officers is manifested in public opinion, which is laid and formed in childhood. Scientific and educational literature does not contain data on how exactly the emergence of public opinion in the child's mind about the activities of law enforcement agencies occurs, therefore this work is an important stage in the study of the evaluation of the activities of police officers.
Ideas about the level of protection of society from crimes, as well as the level of trust of citizens towards employees of internal affairs bodies is determined primarily by their interaction in the process of resolving various situations, depending on the damage caused, as well as the quality of assistance provided by the police. All this requires high moral training, effective communication with colleagues, as well as citizens in various situations.
Study of the motivation of candidates for admission to the service and employees who have expressed a desire to serve in specific units of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia
Authors: Reutskaya Irina , Belousov Aleksey 
Published: March 2022

The article examines the to study the motivation of candidates for service in the internal affairs bodies and employees of the Ministry of Internal
Affairs of Russia who are transferred to other positions in the internal affairs bodies using psychological diagnostic methods. The purpose of the article is to develop proposals for the use of some psychodiagnostic techniques aimed at improving the methodology for studying the motivation of the personality of candidates for service in the internal affairs bodies and employees of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. The paper analyzes foreign and domestic approaches to personal motivation, examines some studies on this issue carried out in the system of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. The article presents the results of a pilot study, including an analysis of the materials of psychodiagnostics of employees of internal affairs agencies using the methods of "Integral job satisfaction", "The method of paired assessments", "Coping behavior in stressful situations" (S. Norman, D.F. Endler, D.A. James, M.I. Parker; an adaptation version of T.A. Kryukova). The test results were processed using the SPSS for Windows statistical package.