bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Petites Affaires: Pacotille Commerce and the Intimate Networks of Free Women of Colour in the Eighteenth-Century French Caribbean
Authors: Raapke Annika 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis article looks at the specific early modern trade practice of the pacotille and at pacotille commercial networks, particularly of free women of colour, as a means of approaching female trade knowledge and intimate networks in the ancien régime Caribbean colonies. Surviving documentation of this flexible commerce allows us to approach women of highly different backgrounds as knowledgeable and skilled agents within the socioeconomic framework of eighteenth-century global trade, who combined their knowledge of the male-dominated trading spheres with their own intimate networks in highly profitable ways. This essay explores not only what these women knew about long-distance trade, but also how they used their local expertise (e.g., of time regimes, landscape, and people) as well as their intimate networks for personal gain in the eighteenth-century French colonial worlds.
The estimation of environmental and genetic parental influences
Authors: Balbona Jared V. , Kim Yongkang , Keller Matthew C. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractParents share half of their genes with their children, but they also share background social factors and actively help shape their child’s environment – making it difficult to disentangle genetic and environmental causes of parent–offspring similarity. While adoption and extended twin family designs have been extremely useful for distinguishing genetic and nongenetic parental influences, these designs entail stringent assumptions about phenotypic similarity between relatives and require samples that are difficult to collect and therefore are typically small and not publicly shared. Here, we describe these traditional designs, as well as modern approaches that use large, publicly available genome-wide data sets to estimate parental effects. We focus in particular on an approach we recently developed, structural equation modeling (SEM)-polygenic score (PGS), that instantiates the logic of modern PGS-based methods within the flexible SEM framework used in traditional designs. Genetically informative designs such as SEM-PGS rely on different and, in some cases, less rigid assumptions than traditional approaches; thus, they allow researchers to capitalize on new data sources and answer questions that could not previously be investigated. We believe that SEM-PGS and similar approaches can lead to improved insight into how nature and nurture combine to create the incredible diversity underlying human behavior.
Young mother risk-taking moderates doula home visiting impacts on parenting and toddler social-emotional development
Authors: Edwards Renee C. , Hans Sydney L. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis longitudinal randomized controlled trial examined the impact of a doula home visiting intervention for young, low-income mothers on parenting and toddler social-emotional development and tested whether intervention effects were moderated by maternal emotional and behavioral health characteristics. 156 mothers were offered home visits from a home visitor starting in mid-pregnancy through several years postpartum, with a community doula also working with the mother during pregnancy and after the birth. 156 received case management. Interviews, video recordings of mother-child interactions, and toddler assessments were conducted at 3 weeks, 3 months, 13 months, and 30 months of age. Intent-to-treat analyses conducted with the full sample showed some intervention effects. Moderation analyses, however, showed that most effects were concentrated among mothers engaged in high levels of risk-taking (delinquent behaviors, school suspensions, smoking, alcohol use, sexual risk-taking). Among higher risk-taking mothers, the intervention was related to less intrusiveness during early infancy, less psychological and physical aggression during toddlerhood, more sensitive parenting attitudes, and greater toddler social relatedness. Maternal depressive symptoms were only a moderator for toddler behavior problems. These findings suggest that doula home visiting may be a particularly effective model for enhancing sensitive, non-aggressive parenting among young mothers with a history of risk-taking behavior.
Classics education in Northern Irish primary schools; curriculum policy and classroom practice
Authors: Taylor Amber , Holmes-Henderson Arlene , Jones Sharon 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis study explores the perspectives of teachers and pupils regarding the benefits and challenges of teaching Classics in primary classrooms in Northern Ireland (NI). Conducted in 2020, the methodological approach consisted of interviews with six teachers from three schools and a focus group held with eight children.1 The study identified positive impacts of teaching Classics on numerous subjects, including Modern Foreign Languages (MFL). The most pressing challenge appeared to be a crowded curriculum. Teachers and pupils suggested that training and support be offered to educators in order to optimise links between Latin, English literacy and MFL understanding. Finally, recommendations are made for the future study of Classics in Northern Ireland.
Evaluating an Abbreviated Version of the Circumplex Team Scan Inventory of Within-Team Interpersonal Norms
Authors: Locke Kenneth D. , Martin Chris C. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract: The Circumplex Team Scan (CTS) assesses the degree to which a team’s interaction/communication norms reflect each segment (16th) of the interpersonal circle/circumplex. We developed and evaluated an abbreviated 16-item CTS-16 that uses one CTS item to measure each segment. Undergraduates ( n = 446) completing engineering course projects in 139 teams completed the CTS-16. CTS-16 items showed a good fit to confirmatory structural models (e.g., that expect greater positive covariation between items theoretically closer to the circumplex). Individuals’ ratings sufficiently reflected team-level norms to justify averaging team members’ ratings. However, individual items’ marginal reliabilities suggest using the CTS-16 to assess general circumplex-wide patterns rather than specific segments. CTS-16 ratings correlated with respondents’ and their teammates’ ratings of team climate (inclusion, justice, psychological safety). Teams with more extraverted (introverted) members were perceived as having more confident/engaged (timid/hesitant) cultures. Members predisposed to social alienation perceived their team’s culture as relatively disrespectful/unengaged, but their teammates did not corroborate those perceptions. The results overall support the validity and utility of the CTS-16 and of an interpersonal circumplex model of team culture more generally.
Temporal Relationships Between Saharan Dust Proxies, Climate, and Meningitis in Senegal
Authors: Yarber Aara’L. Y. , Jenkins Gregory S. , Singh Ajit , Diokhane Aminata 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe Harmattan, a dry, northeasterly trade wind, transports large quantities of Saharan dust over the Sahelian region during the dry season (December–March). Studies have shown that bacterial meningitis outbreaks in Sahelian regions show hyper‐endemic to endemic levels during high‐dust months. We examine the (a) seasonality and intraseasonal variability of dust, climate, and meningitis and the (b) quantitative relationships between various dust proxies with meningitis lags of 0–10 weeks in Senegal from 2012 to 2017. The results show that the onset of the meningitis season occurs in February, roughly 2 months after the dusty season has begun. The meningitis season peaks at the beginning of April, when northeasterly wind speeds and particulate matter (PM) are relatively high, and the meningitis season ends near the end of June, when temperature and humidity rise and northeasterly wind speeds decline. Furthermore, we find that Senegal's relatively high humidity year‐round may help slow the transmission of the infection, contributing to a lower disease incidence than landlocked countries in the meningitis belt. Lastly, our results suggest the desert dust may have a significant impact on the onset to the peak of the meningitis season in Senegal, particularly at the 0–2 and 10‐week lag, whether that be directly through biological processes or indirectly through changes in human behavior. PM and visibility, however, are not in phase with aerosol optical depth throughout the year and consequently show different relationships with meningitis. This study further exemplifies the critical need for more PM, meteorological, and meningitis measurements in West Africa to further resolve these relationships.
The Outsized Role of Salps in Carbon Export in the Subarctic Northeast Pacific Ocean
Authors: Steinberg Deborah K. , Stamieszkin Karen , Maas Amy E. , Durkin Colleen A. , Passow Uta , Estapa Margaret L. , Omand Melissa M. , McDonnell Andrew M. P. , Karp‐Boss Lee , Galbraith Moira , Siegel David A. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPeriodic blooms of salps (pelagic tunicates) can result in high export of organic matter, leading to an “outsized” role in the ocean's biological carbon pump (BCP). However, due to their episodic and patchy nature, salp blooms often go undetected and are rarely included in measurements or models of the BCP. We quantified salp‐mediated export processes in the northeast subarctic Pacific Ocean in summer of 2018 during a bloom ofSalpa aspera. Salps migrated from 300 to 750 m during the day into the upper 100 m at night. Salp fecal pellet production comprised up to 82% of the particulate organic carbon (POC) produced as fecal pellets by the entire epipelagic zooplankton community. Rapid sinking velocities of salp pellets (400–1,200 m d−1) and low microbial respiration rates on pellets (<1% of pellet C respired day−1) led to high salp pellet POC export from the euphotic zone‐up to 48% of total sinking POC across the 100 m depth horizon. Salp active transport of carbon by diel vertical migration and carbon export from sinking salp carcasses was usually <10% of the total sinking POC flux. Salp‐mediated export markedly increased BCP efficiency, increasing by 1.5‐fold the proportion of net primary production exported as POC across the base of the euphotic zone and by 2.6‐fold the proportion of this POC flux persisting 100 m below the euphotic zone. Salps have unique and important effects on ocean biogeochemistry and, especially in low flux settings, can dramatically increase BCP efficiency and thus carbon sequestration.
Slab Morphology Around the Philippine Sea: New Insights From P‐Wave Mantle Tomography
Authors: She Lijuan , Zhang Guibin , Jiang Guoming , Zhao Dapeng , Xi Jiaji , Lü Qingtian , Shi Danian 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe apply seismic tomography to 590,213 P‐wave arrival‐time data of 23,486 local earthquakes and 300,051 relative travel‐time residuals of 27,492 teleseismic events to study the 3‐D velocity structure of the crust and upper mantle beneath the entire Philippine Sea Plate (PSP) and its adjacent areas. Our results reveal significant high‐velocity anomalies beneath the Philippine Trench, the Japan‐Izu‐Bonin‐Mariana Trench, and the Nankai Trough, which reflect the subducted Philippine Sea slab, the Pacific slab, and the Shikoku Basin, respectively. On the basis of the tomographic images, we construct morphological models of these slabs. The slab morphologies become complex from the east to west. Taking into account previous results of geochemistry, paleomagnetism and numerical simulations, we deem that the complicated morphologies of the subducted slabs are related to the slab age, subduction rate, collision between different plates, clockwise rotation of the PSP, and retreat rate of trenches.
Genome sequencing identifies a large non-coding region deletion of SNX10 causing autosomal recessive osteopetrosis
Authors: Udupa Prajna , Ghosh Debasish Kumar , Kausthubham Neethukrishna , Shah Hitesh , Bartakke Sandip , Dalal Ashwin , Girisha Katta M , Bhavani Gandham SriLakshmi 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAutosomal recessive osteopetrosis (ARO) is a rare genetic disorder caused by impaired osteoclast activity. In this study, we describe a 4-year-old boy with increased bone density due to osteopetrosis, autosomal recessive 8. Using genome sequencing, we identified a large deletion in the 5′-untranslated region (UTR) ofSNX10(sorting nexin 10), where the regulatory region of this gene is located. This large deletion resulted in the absence of theSNX10transcript and led to abnormal osteoclast activity.SNX10is one of the nine genes known to cause ARO, shown to interact with V-ATPase (vacuolar type H( + )-ATPase), as it plays an important role in bone resorption. Our study highlights the importance of regulatory regions in the 5′-UTR ofSNX10for its expression while also demonstrating the importance of genome sequencing for detecting large deletion of the regulatory region ofSNX10.
The impact of renal artery stenting on therapeutic aims
Authors: Edgar Ben , Pearson Robert , Kasthuri Ram , Gillis Keith , Geddes Colin , Rostron Maggie , Brady Adrian , Hussey Keith , Roditi Giles , Delles Christian , McCallum Linsay , Mark Patrick , Kingsmore David 
Published: December 2022

AbstractRenal artery stenosis manifests as poorly-controlled hypertension, impaired renal function or pulmonary oedema, therefore the success of treatment is dependent on indication. This study aims to determine the outcomes of patients undergoing renal artery stenting (RASt) based on therapeutic aim compared to criteria used in the largest randomised trial. Retrospective case-note review of patients undergoing RASt between 2008–2021 (n = 74). The cohort was stratified by indication for intervention (renal dysfunction, hypertension, pulmonary oedema) and criteria employed in the CORAL trial, with outcomes and adverse consequences reported. Intervention for hypertension achieved significant reduction in systolic blood pressure and antihypertensive agents at 1 year (median 43 mmHg, 1 drug), without detrimental impact on renal function. Intervention for renal dysfunction reduced serum creatinine by a median 124 μmol/L, sustained after 6 months. Intervention for pulmonary oedema was universally successful with significant reduction in SBP and serum creatinine sustained at 1 year. Patients who would have been excluded from the CORAL trial achieved greater reduction in serum creatinine than patients meeting the inclusion criteria, with equivalent blood pressure reduction. There were 2 procedure-related mortalities and 5 procedural complications requiring further intervention. 5 patients had reduction in renal function following intervention and 7 failed to achieve the intended therapeutic benefit. Renal artery stenting is effective in treating the indication for which it has been performed. Previous trials may have underestimated the clinical benefits by analysis of a heterogenous population undergoing a procedure rather than considering the indication, and excluding patients who would maximally benefit.
Aging and aging-related diseases: from molecular mechanisms to interventions and treatments
Authors: Guo Jun , Huang Xiuqing , Dou Lin , Yan Mingjing , Shen Tao , Tang Weiqing , Li Jian 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAging is a gradual and irreversible pathophysiological process. It presents with declines in tissue and cell functions and significant increases in the risks of various aging-related diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases, metabolic diseases, musculoskeletal diseases, and immune system diseases. Although the development of modern medicine has promoted human health and greatly extended life expectancy, with the aging of society, a variety of chronic diseases have gradually become the most important causes of disability and death in elderly individuals. Current research on aging focuses on elucidating how various endogenous and exogenous stresses (such as genomic instability, telomere dysfunction, epigenetic alterations, loss of proteostasis, compromise of autophagy, mitochondrial dysfunction, cellular senescence, stem cell exhaustion, altered intercellular communication, deregulated nutrient sensing) participate in the regulation of aging. Furthermore, thorough research on the pathogenesis of aging to identify interventions that promote health and longevity (such as caloric restriction, microbiota transplantation, and nutritional intervention) and clinical treatment methods for aging-related diseases (depletion of senescent cells, stem cell therapy, antioxidative and anti-inflammatory treatments, and hormone replacement therapy) could decrease the incidence and development of aging-related diseases and in turn promote healthy aging and longevity.
TRPM8 contributes to liver regeneration via mitochondrial energy metabolism mediated by PGC1α
Authors: Lei Xiaohua , Liu Qiang , Qin Wei , Tong Qing , Li Zhenghao , Xu Wendi , Liu Guoxing , Fu Jie , Zhang Ju , Kuang Tao , Shao Yaoli , Liu Chun , Fang Yu , Cao Zhenyu , Yan Likun , Liu Zhiqiang , Liu Siyuan , Yamamoto Hirofumi , Mori Masaki , Liang Xin M. , Xu Xundi 
Published: December 2022

AbstractImpairment of liver regeneration leads to severe morbidity in acute and chronic severe liver disease. Transient receptor potential melastain 8 (TRPM8) is involved in a variety of processes, including temperature sensing, ion homeostasis, and cell proliferation. However, whether TRPM8 contributes to liver regeneration is still unclear. We assessed the effect and mechanism of TRPM8 in liver regeneration and hepatocyte proliferation in vivo and in vitro. In this study, we found that TRPM8 deficiency impairs liver regeneration in mice. Mechanistically, the results revealed that mitochondrial energy metabolism was attenuated in livers from TRPM8 knockout (KO) mice. Furthermore, we found that TRPM8 contributes to the proliferation of hepatocytes via PGC1α. Taken together, this study shows that TRPM8 contributes to liver regeneration in mice after hepatectomy. Genetic approaches and pharmacological approaches to regulate TRPM8 activity may be beneficial to the promotion of liver regeneration.
Iron-induced cytotoxicity mediated by endolysosomal TRPML1 channels is reverted by TFEB
Authors: Fernández Belén , Olmedo Pablo , Gil Fernando , Fdez Elena , Naaldijk Yahaira , Rivero-Ríos Pilar , Bracher Franz , Grimm Christian , Churchill Grant C. , Hilfiker Sabine 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIncreased brain iron content has been consistently reported in sporadic Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients, and an increase in cytosolic free iron is known to cause oxidative stress and cell death. However, whether iron also accumulates in susceptible brain areas in humans or in mouse models of familial PD remains unknown. In addition, whilst the lysosome functions as a critical intracellular iron storage organelle, little is known about the mechanisms underlying lysosomal iron release and how this process is influenced by lysosome biogenesis and/or lysosomal exocytosis. Here, we report an increase in brain iron content also in PD patients due to the common G2019S-LRRK2 mutation as compared to healthy age-matched controls, whilst differences in iron content are not observed in G2019S-LRRK2 knockin as compared to control mice. Chemically triggering iron overload in cultured cells causes cytotoxicity via the endolysosomal release of iron which is mediated by TRPML1. TFEB expression reverts the iron overload-associated cytotoxicity by causing lysosomal exocytosis, which is dependent on a TRPML1-mediated increase in cytosolic calcium levels. Therefore, approaches aimed at increasing TFEB levels, or pharmacological TRPML1 activation in conjunction with iron chelation may prove beneficial against cell death associated with iron overload conditions such as those associated with PD.
Suppression of flavivirus transmission from animal hosts to mosquitoes with a mosquito-delivered vaccine
Authors: Wen Dan , Ding Limin S. , Zhang Yanan , Li Xiaoye , Zhang Xing , Yuan Fei , Zhao Tongbiao , Zheng Aihua 
Published: December 2022

AbstractZoonotic viruses circulate in the natural reservoir and sporadically spill over into human populations, resulting in endemics or pandemics. We previously found that the Chaoyang virus (CYV), an insect-specific flavivirus (ISF), is replication-defective in vertebrate cells. Here, we develope a proof-of-concept mosquito-delivered vaccine to control the Zika virus (ZIKV) within inaccessible wildlife hosts using CYV as the vector. The vaccine is constructed by replacing the pre-membrane and envelope (prME) proteins of CYV with those of ZIKV, assigned as CYV-ZIKV. CYV-ZIKV replicates efficiently in Aedes mosquitoes and disseminates to the saliva, with no venereal or transovarial transmission observed. To reduce the risk of CYV-ZIKV leaking into the environment, mosquitoes are X-ray irradiated to ensure 100% infertility, which does not affect the titer of CYV-ZIKV in the saliva. Immunization of mice via CYV-ZIKV-carrying mosquito bites elicites robust and persistent ZIKV-specific immune responses and confers complete protection against ZIKV challenge. Correspondingly, the immunized mice could no longer transmit the challenged ZIKV to naïve mosquitoes. Therefore, immunization with an ISF-vectored vaccine via mosquito bites is feasible to induce herd immunity in wildlife hosts of ZIKV. Our study provides a future avenue for developing a mosquito-delivered vaccine to eliminate zoonotic viruses in the sylvatic cycle.
Charge polarity-dependent ion-insertion asymmetry during electrochemical doping of an ambipolar π-conjugated polymer
Authors: Samuel Jibin J. , Garudapalli Ashutosh , Gangadharappa Chandrasekhar , Mahapatra Smruti Rekha , Patil Satish , Aetukuri Naga Phani B. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractElectrochemical doping is central to a host of important applications such as bio-sensing, neuromorphic computing and charge storage. However, the mechanisms that enable electrochemical dopability and the various parameters that control doping efficiencies are poorly understood. Here, employing complementary electrochemical and spectroelectrochemical measurements, we report a charge-polarity dependent ion insertion asymmetry in a diketopyrrolopyrrole-based ambipolar π-conjugated polymer. We argue that electrostatic interactions are insufficient to fully account for the observed charge-specific ion insertion into the polymer matrix. Using polymer side-chain dependent electrochemical doping studies, we show that electron density donating and accepting tendencies of polymer side-chains sufficiently describe the observed charge-polarity dependent electrochemical doping. Our observations are akin to the solvation of dopant ions by polymer side-chains. We propose that Gutmann donor/acceptor number framework qualifies the ‘solvent-like’ properties of polymer side-chains and provides a rational basis for designing π-conjugated polymers with favorable mixed ionic electronic transport properties.