bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Subglacial evolution from distributed to channelized drainage: Evidence from the Lake Murtoo area in SW Finland
Authors: Ojala Antti E. K. , Mäkinen Joni , Kajuutti Kari , Ahokangas Elina , Palmu Jukka‐Pekka 
Published: June 2022

AbstractDuring the last millennia of the Weichselian glaciation (c. 11 700–14 000 cal BP) and the first millennium of the Holocene interglacial (c. 10 500–11 700 cal BP), melting of the ice sheet and subsequent subglacial drainage resulted in the formation of murtoos and murtoo‐related landforms in the Fennoscandian Ice Sheet area in Finland and Sweden. Murtoos are composed of clay‐poor diamictons produced by sediment‐concentrated creep and material sorting in a subglacial environment under effective pressure close to zero, and potentially represent a transition form from non‐channelized to channelized subglacial drainage networks. Here, we explore the geomorphology and substratum characteristics of the Lake Murtoo area, one of the locations where murtoos were initially found and described in SW Finland. Our interpretation suggests an interconnected development from inefficient distributed or semi‐distributed cavities (murtoos) to efficient channelized drainage (esker) via erosional escarpments, all displayed in the same region. In addition, our excavation into a murtoo‐related erosional escarpment (MRE) revealed subglacial erosional channels alongside MREs that were filled with fine‐grained finely laminated sediments. We suggest that these channel fill sediments were deposited subglacially, because they are covered by flow till and show spatial and lithological characteristics that deviate significantly from the proglacial basin fill clay (varve) sediments in the area. The appearance of rhythmically laminated silt and clay sediments indicates sedimentation in a suspension‐load‐dominated environment in shallow subglacial channels with relatively low (but repetitiously changing) water flow velocities, possibly reflecting disconnected spill‐over routes of subglacial drainage in small tributaries that were only periodically used due to water pressure changes in the up‐ice direction.
A coupled CAD‐free parameterization‐morphing method for adjoint‐based shape optimization
Authors: Liatsikouras Athanasios G. , Pierrot Guillaume , Megahed Mustafa 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis article presents a fully differentiated CAD‐free shape parameterization coupled with a grid displacement method for performing adjoint‐based aerodynamic shape optimization efficiently. Both tools are integrated into an adjoint‐based aerodynamic shape optimization process, where the shape changes and the corresponding grid adaptation take place simultaneously, in a single step. The role of the proposed shape parameterization technique is to control the shape changes of the aerodynamic body under study during shape optimization, and to modify it according to the spatial distribution of the gradient. The latter frequently contains numerical noise, due to the limited resolution of spatial discretization schemes, which can result in irregular surfaces, if the raw gradient is used directly. The proposed parameterization undertakes the elimination of this noise, thus ensuring smooth surfaces during the shape optimization. More specifically, a subset of the nodes belonging to the design surface is selected as the design vector (handles) and is responsible for controlling the surface displacements. The analytical differentiation of the parameterization, considering the adjoint morphing technique for the computation of the grid sensitivities, allows for its integration within a gradient‐based optimization process, where the adjoint method is used to compute the gradient of the objective w.r.t. all nodal positions. The propagation of this gradient information to the handles is efficiently and accurately achieved through the inclusion of the differentiated parameterization expression. The developed CAD‐free process chain is successfully demonstrated in an automotive S‐section cooling duct and a serpentine‐like one, used for internal turbomachinery blade cooling.
Loss of hepatic DRP1 exacerbates alcoholic hepatitis by inducing megamitochondria and mitochondrial maladaptation
Authors: Ma Xiaowen , Chen Allen , Melo Luma , Clemente‐Sanchez Ana , Chao Xiaojuan , Ahmadi Ali Reza , Peiffer Brandon , Sun Zhaoli , Sesaki Hiromi , Li Tiangang , Wang Xiaokun , Liu Wanqing , Bataller Ramon , Ni Hong‐Min , Ding Wen‐Xing 
Published: June 2022

Background and Aims:
Increased megamitochondria formation and impaired mitophagy in hepatocytes have been linked to the pathogenesis of alcohol‐associated liver disease (ALD). This study aims to determine the mechanisms by which alcohol consumption increases megamitochondria formation in the pathogenesis of ALD.

Approach and Results:
Human alcoholic hepatitis (AH) liver samples were used for electron microscopy, histology, and biochemical analysis. Liver‐specific dynamin‐related protein 1 (DRP1; gene name DNM1L, an essential gene regulating mitochondria fission) knockout (L‐DRP1 KO) mice and wild‐type mice were subjected to chronic plus binge alcohol feeding. Both human AH and alcohol‐fed mice had decreased hepatic DRP1 with increased accumulation of hepatic megamitochondria. Mechanistic studies revealed that alcohol feeding decreased DRP1 by impairing transcription factor EB–mediated induction of DNM1L. L‐DRP1 KO mice had increased megamitochondria and decreased mitophagy with increased liver injury and inflammation, which were further exacerbated by alcohol feeding. Seahorse flux and unbiased metabolomics analysis showed alcohol intake increased mitochondria oxygen consumption and hepatic nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), acylcarnitine, and ketone levels, which were attenuated in L‐DRP1 KO mice, suggesting that loss of hepatic DRP1 leads to maladaptation to alcohol‐induced metabolic stress. RNA‐sequencing and real‐time quantitative PCR analysis revealed increased gene expression of the cGAS–stimulator of interferon genes (STING)–interferon pathway in L‐DRP1 KO mice regardless of alcohol feeding. Alcohol‐fed L‐DRP1 KO mice had increased cytosolic mtDNA and mitochondrial dysfunction leading to increased activation of cGAS‐STING‐interferon signaling pathways and liver injury.

Conclusion:
Alcohol consumption decreases hepatic DRP1 resulting in increased megamitochondria and mitochondrial maladaptation that promotes AH by mitochondria‐mediated inflammation and cell injury.
Association of familial Mediterranean fever and epicardial adipose tissue: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Motawea Karam R. , Kandil Omneya A. , Varney Joseph , Aboelenein Merna , Ibrahim Nancy , Shaheen Ahmed , Khairy Lina T. , Bakkour Agyad , Muwaili Ali H. H. , Muwaili Dhuha H. H. , Abdelmajid Fatima A. A. , Ahmad Eman M. S. , Albuni Mhd K. , Battikh Elias , Sawaf Bisher , Swed Sarya , Ahmed Safaa M. A. , Awad Dina M. , Shah Jaffer , Aiash Hani 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackground and AimSome studies reported a positive link between familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) and epicardial adipose tissue. Our meta‐analysis aimed to evaluate whether there is a significant association between FMF and increased epicardial adipose tissue thickness.MethodsWe searched the following databases: PUBMED, WOS, OVID, SCOPUS, and EMBASE. Inclusion criteria were any original articles that reported epicardial adipose tissue in FMF patients with no age restriction, excluding reviews, case reports, editorials, animal studies, and non‐English studies. Thirty eligible studies were screened full text but only five studies were suitable. We used RevMan software (5.4) for the meta‐analysis.ResultsThe total number of patients included in the meta‐analysis in the FMF patients group is 256 (mean age = 24.3), and the total number in the control group is 188 (mean age = 24.98). The pooled analysis between FMF patients and controls was [mean difference = 0.82 (95% CI = 0.25–1.39), p‐value = 0.005]. We observed heterogeneity that was not solved by random effects (p > 0.00001). We performed leave one out test by removing the Kozan et al. study, and the heterogeneity was solved (p = 0.07), and the results were (MD = 0.98, 95% CI = 0.52–1.43, p‐value < 0.0001).ConclusionFMF patients are at increased risk of developing epicardial adipose tissue compared to controls. More multicenter studies with higher sample sizes are needed to support our results.
Assessment of hydrological response to multiyear drought: Insights from lag characteristics and shift magnitude
Authors: Li Miao , Li Shuzhen , Liu Qiang , Kang Yinhong , Liang Liqiao , Yuan Xiaomin , Zhang Junlong , Wang Xuan , Li Chunhui 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe analysis of the hydrological response to meteorological drought events can lead to a deeper understanding of alterations in hydrological processes that can be used to help maintain environmental flow (e‐flow) in aquatic ecosystems. In this study, we first identified an extreme meteorological drought event and then assessed its hydrological response. Monthly precipitation anomalies were used to identify meteorological drought, while the Lyne–Hollick method (LH filter) was used alongside the baseflow recession constant (calculated using the Automatic Baseflow Identification Technique [ABIT]) to isolate baseflow in the Baiyangdian basin. Results showed that an extreme meteorological drought event occurred in August 1996, continuing for a total of 127 months, which resulted in prolonged hydrological drought (i.e., streamflow and baseflow). A time lag was generally observed between the end of the meteorological drought event and the end of the hydrological drought event, where baseflow recovery lagged behind streamflow (runoff) recovery. Additionally, drought led to an unstable shift in the precipitation‐streamflow relationship that subsequently led to a reduction in the annual streamflow of coinciding annual precipitation compared with the historical relationship. Drought also led to a longer response between precipitation and runoff events. Results from this study show that the hydrological response to meteorological drought event is important for water resource management and for addressing effects related to climate change, especially extreme drought events.
Carbon dioxide gas embolism during robot‐assisted laparoscopic partial nephrectomy
Authors: Nakagawa Ryunosuke , Nohara Takahiro , Kadomoto Suguru , Iwamoto Hiroaki , Yaegashi Hiroshi , Iijima Masashi , Kawaguchi Shohei , Shigehara Kazuyoshi , Izumi Kouji , Kadono Yoshifumi , Mizokami Atsushi 
Published: June 2022

IntroductionOne of the complications of laparoscopic surgery is gas embolism, which has low incidence but high mortality. Carbon dioxide embolism diagnosed during robot‐assisted laparoscopic partial nephrectomy has been experienced.Case presentation77‐year‐old woman with a left renal tumor received robot‐assisted laparoscopic partial nephrectomy. End‐tidal carbon dioxide pressure and oxygen saturation of peripheral artery suddenly decreased 5 min after the start of tumor resection with pneumoperitoneum pressure of 15 mmHg and positive end‐expiratory pressure turned off. Therefore, pulmonary artery gas embolism was diagnosed. The pneumoperitoneum pressure was dropped, and positive end‐expiratory pressure was restarted. These conditions improved and the procedure was completed.ConclusionCarbon dioxide gas embolism during robot‐assisted partial nephrectomy should be focused on because prompt diagnosis and treatment will improve life outcomes. The optimal pneumoperitoneum pressure for each case, rather than making it uniform, should be reconsidered.
Hsa_circ_0001550 facilitates colorectal cancer progression through mediating microRNA‐4262/nuclear casein kinase and cyclin‐dependent kinase substrate 1 cascade
Authors: Zhou Ying , Zhang Qilin , Qiu Xiaofeng , Tian Tianning , Xu Qihua , Liao Bingling 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundCircular RNAs (circRNAs) play important roles in various malignancies, such as colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the function of hsa_circ_0001550 in CRC remains to be elucidated.MethodsThe expression levels of hsa_circ_0001550, microRNA (miR)‐4262, and nuclear casein kinase and cyclin‐dependent kinase substrate 1 (NUCKS1) were determined by real‐time qPCR. Cell biological behaviors were evaluated via colony formation assay, transwell assay, flow cytometry, and sphere formation assays. The target relationship was validated via dual‐luciferase reporter and RNA pull‐down assays. Protein expression was analyzed by western blot. Xenograft tumor model was adopted to evaluate hsa_circ_0001550 function in vivo.ResultsHsa_circ_0001550 enrichment was enhanced in CRC tissue specimens and cell lines. Hsa_circ_0001550 absence hindered CRC cell proliferation, metastasis, stemness, and caused apoptosis. Hsa_circ_0001550 targeted miR‐4262, and hsa_circ_0001550 absence‐caused impacts were diminished by anti‐miR‐4262. MiR‐4262 targeted NUCKS1. Hsa_circ_0001550 had positive regulation on NUCKS1 expression. NUCKS1 overexpression overturned the influences of hsa_circ_0001550 silencingon CRC cell progression. Hsa_circ_0001550 interference notably blocked in vivo xenograft tumor growth.ConclusionHsa_circ_0001550 facilitated CRC progression by binding to miR‐4262 to positively regulate NUCKS1 abundance.
The impact of school climate in social‐normative expectations in low and high SES schools
Authors: Vaid Esha , Jofen Tzivia , Hatchimonji Danielle Ryan , DeMarchena Sarah L. , White Gwyne , Elias Maurice J. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis study examined the associations among race/ethnicity, school climate, and social‐normative expectations (expectations about peers' future achievement) in high and low socioeconomic status (SES) schools, with a particular focus on school climate as a process that might influence social‐normative expectations. Results showed that more positive perceptions of school climate were significantly associated with higher levels of social‐normative expectations in both low and high SES settings. Additionally, identifying as Black was negatively associated with social‐normative expectations in both high and low SES schools. School climate significantly moderated the negative relationship between race and social‐normative expectations in high SES schools; however, there was no moderation in low SES schools. In both high and low SES schools, school climate was a robust predictor of social‐normative expectations, highlighting the importance of social‐normative expectations as a metric of school climate improvement in both high and low SES schools. In conclusion, policies related to school culture and climate, school improvement, and turnaround should explicitly focus on the connection of racial and ethnic equity, specifically for Black and Latinx students, to reflect the range and reality of students' social‐normative expectations.
Anti‐Ramsey number of expansions of paths and cycles in uniform hypergraphs
Authors: Tang Yucong , Li Tong , Yan Guiying 
Published: June 2022

AbstractFor an ‐graph , the anti‐Ramsey number is the minimum number of colors such that for any edge‐coloring of the complete ‐graph on vertices with at least colors, there is a copy of whose edges have distinct colors. Let and be the path and cycle with edges in 2‐graphs, respectively. In this paper, we determine and for all and except , which are extensions of several results of Gu, Li, and Shi.
MR Neurography of Lumbosacral Plexus: Incremental Value Over XR, CT, and MRI of L Spine With Improved Outcomes in Patients With Radiculopathy and Failed Back Surgery Syndrome
Authors: Chhabra Avneesh , Kanchustambham Pradyotha , Mogharrabi Bayan , Ratakonda Raghu , Gill Kevin , Xi Yin 
Published: June 2022

BackgroundLower back pain is often evaluated using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and conventional imaging, which provide incomplete information about the etiology of pain and lead to less than optimal management.HypothesisMR neurography (MRN) of the lumbosacral (LS) plexus renders a more accurate diagnosis, alters the management strategy, and clinical outcomes of radiculopathy or failed back surgery Syndrome (FBSS) patients when compared to the conventional imaging modalities.Study TypeRetrospective, cross‐sectional.PopulationA total of 356 patients (mean age 65.8 ± 12.3; 48.9% female) from single university hospital over 6 years with MRN of LS plexus were included from a cohort of 14,775 total patients with lumbar spine MR imaging.AssessmentConventional imaging obtained before and after MRN of LS plexus was reevaluated and categorized into three levels based on extent of imaging findings' correlation to presenting clinical symptoms (contributory levels). Clinical notes were reviewed for changes in ordering provider's recommended management and subsequent patients' symptom level pre‐MRN to post‐MRN.Field Strength/SequenceA 5 T and 3.0 T. T1‐weighted (T1W), T2‐weighted (T2W), short T1 inversion recovery (STIR), T1 turbo spin echo (T1 TSE), T2 spectral attenuated inversion recovery (T2 SPAIR).Statistical TestsChi‐squared test. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05.ResultsA total of 356 total patients (174 females) with mean age ± SD was 65.8 ± 12.3 years, 4.2% of patients imaged with lumbar spine MRI. Definitely contributory studies among X‐rays, computed tomography, MRI, and MRN were 3 of the 129 (2.3%), 3 of the 48 (6.2%), 35 of the 184 (19.0%), and 283 of the 356 (79.8%), respectively. Pre‐MRN vs. post‐MRN led to change in recommendation in 219 of the 356 (61.5%) patients and 71 of the 99 (71.7%) patients had improved symptoms.ConclusionMRN of the LS plexus can provide more corroborative image findings for symptom correlation compared to other imaging modalities for accurate diagnosis, effects patient management and leads to positive clinical outcomes in a small subset of patients with radiculopathy or FBSS.Evidence Level4Technical EfficacyStage 5
Application of copula‐based approach as a new data‐driven model for downscaling the mean daily temperature
Authors: Nazeri Tahroudi Mohammad , Ramezani Yousef , De Michele Carlo , Mirabbasi Rasoul 
Published: June 2022

AbstractDownscaling and simulating various meteorological variables at different time scales are fundamental topics for making climate change studies in a geographic region. Here, a new approach for downscaling the mean daily temperature was implemented using a vine copula‐based approach and considering the best CanESM2 predictors. The accuracy of the copula‐based approach was compared with genetic programming (GP), optimized support vector regression (OSVR), support vector machine (SVM), adaptive neuro‐fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) and artificial neural network (ANN) models at Birjand synoptic station in Iran. In the proposed approach, after examining the different vine copulas, the D‐vine copula was selected as the best copula according to the evaluation statistics and tree sequences. According to the root‐mean‐square error (RMSE) and Nash–Sutcliff efficiency (NSE), the accuracy of the ANN model in downscaling the mean daily temperature data was not acceptable and the other considered models were slightly overestimated. The results indicated that the copula‐based approach outperformed the other models in downscaling the mean daily temperature with NSE = 0.61. However, given the 99% confidence interval of the simulations, a slightly overestimation at temperatures above 20°C was observed for the copula‐based approach, which has better performance than the other considered models. The copula‐based approach was able to reduce RMSE by about 82, 20, 24, 47 and 34% compared to ANN, OSVR, GP, SVM and ANFIS models, respectively. The results also showed that the performance of the support vector regression model optimized by the ant colony algorithm is also acceptable and is in the second rank after the copula‐based approach. The accuracy of the copula‐based approach was also confirmed according to Taylor diagram and violin plot. The proposed approach has a higher accuracy than data‐driven models due to use of the conditional density of vine copulas, and the joint distribution of the mean daily temperature and selected predictors.
The role of precautions: Organising a medical conference during COVID‐19 pandemic—Lessons from IADVL MIDDERMACON 2021
Authors: Bhat Ramesh , Kamath Suvidha D. , Sequeira Nicole , Raina Sunil , Pai Ganesh S. , Sukumar Dandakeri , Martis Jacintha 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe use of virtual platforms for clinical meetings has become the default approach during this pandemic era. Organising an offline conference during a pandemic is a challenge and is possible if the participating crowd is vaccinated and is willing to follow appropriate pandemic protocols.ObjectiveTo determine the feasibility of conducting a conference among mostly vaccinated delegates using standard precautionary protocols.MethodsThis study was conducted at IADVL MIDDERMACON 2021, held in Mangalore, India, in late October 2021, during the phase of decline of the Delta variant of SARS‐CoV‐2. The study population included all conference attendees, including support staff. Details were collected about their vaccination status, comorbidities, and mode of travel to the conference venue. An reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) test was done randomly among the attendees for COVID‐19 infection. A post‐conference assessment and RT‐PCR tests were done at the end of 2 weeks to assess the occurrence of infections among study participants.ResultsA total of 1744 people were present at the venue, of which 576 (33.03%) participated in the study. The percentage of fully vaccinated was 88.88% (512/576). The majority had taken the vaccine Covishield (manufactured by AstraZeneca), that is, 85.06% (490/576). Infection post the conference was reported in 0.195% (1/576).ConclusionsHolding large gatherings like medical conferences pose a challenge during a pandemic. However, to increase the benefits of the conference, it is advisable to hold them offline with vaccinated delegates, follow the advice of the conference organising committee, and practise safe precautionary measures.
The impact of fear on the effectiveness of customer empowerment‐messages in online retailing
Authors: Atalay A. Selin , El Kihal Siham , Pfrang Thilo 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe explore the effectiveness of empowerment‐messages in two contexts of fear caused by an existential threat: COVID‐19 pandemic and economic fear. We show in a field experiment that an empowerment‐message, which increased sales of an online retailer by 13% before COVID‐19 lockdowns when fear was low, does not have the same effect post‐COVID‐19 lockdowns when fear is high. Three follow‐up experiments show that when fear is low, an empowerment‐message makes individuals feel responsible and increases purchase. When fear is high, an empowerment‐message does not make individuals feel responsible and does not improve purchase. We find that personal control that is generally desired, does not resonate with individuals in the context of fear caused by an existential threat. This implies that marketers should reconsider their use of marketing efforts that empower consumers in high fear contexts.