bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of sparse recovery for Legendre expansions using envelope bound
Authors: Tran Hoang , Webster Clayton 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe provide novel sufficient conditions for the uniform recovery of sparse Legendre expansions using ℓ1 minimization, where the sampling points are drawn according to orthogonalization (uniform) measure. So far, conditions of the form have been relied on to determine the minimum number of samples m that guarantees successful reconstruction of s‐sparse vectors when the measurement matrix is associated to an orthonormal system. However, in case of sparse Legendre expansions, the uniform bound Θ of Legendre systems is so high that these conditions are unable to provide meaningful guarantees. In this paper, we present an analysis which employs the envelop bound of all Legendre polynomials instead, and prove a new recovery guarantee for s‐sparse Legendre expansions, which is independent of Θ. Arguably, this is the first recovery condition established for orthonormal systems without assuming the uniform boundedness of the sampling matrix. The key ingredient of our analysis is an extension of chaining arguments, recently developed in Bourgain and Chkifa et al., to handle the envelope bound. Furthermore, our recovery condition is proved via restricted eigenvalue property, a less demanding replacement of restricted isometry property which is perfectly suited to the considered scenario. Along the way, we derive simple criteria to detect good sample sets. Our numerical tests show that sets of uniformly sampled points that meet these criteria will perform better recovery on average.
It runs in the family: Kinship analysis using foot anomalies in the cemetery of Middenbeemster (Netherlands, 17th to 19th century)
Authors: Liagre Elle B. K. , Hoogland Menno L. P. , Schrader Sarah A. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn bioarchaeology, the universal concept of “kinship” can be explored through the study of archaeological remains and as such offers a way to connect modern‐day life to the life of past people. This study examines the social structure of post‐medieval Dutch communities and their level of genetic homogeneity and inter‐relatedness. The research aims were to identify probable genetic relatives within the Middenbeemster skeletal collection through developmental foot anomalies and to analyze the spatial structure of the Middenbeemster cemetery in the context of intracemetery kinship relations. Three hundred eighty individuals from four different skeletal collections were examined for the presence of fourteen non‐metric traits, selected on various criteria (e.g., heritability). The Middenbeemster trait frequencies were compared with those of a reference sample of the post‐medieval Dutch population (consisting of individuals from the Dutch post‐medieval collections of Arnhem, Eindhoven, and Zwolle). A hypothetical kinship group could be identified when the trait frequencies of the Middenbeemster sample were considerably higher than those in the reference sample. Other sources had only limited validation value in relation to the hypothesis. Visual examination and spatial statistics of the distribution of the hypothetical kinship group revealed a possible patrilineally structured cemetery, although this is based on a small sample. By putting the observed trait frequencies in a broader context, the data suggested a rather high inter‐relatedness of the Middenbeemster community. It also exposed the need for a better understanding of the used traits and perhaps a different approach to kinship analysis (due to necessarily large time investment in contrast to limited results). In conclusion, this study gave an insight into the social structure of post‐medieval Dutch communities. Future improvements to kinship analysis may not only be beneficial for bioarchaeology, but also for other fields such as forensic anthropology.
Response of atmospheric quasi‐stationary waves to La Niña conditions in Northern Hemisphere winter
Authors: Wolf G. , Brayshaw D.J. , Klingaman N.P. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractLarge‐scale atmospheric quasi‐stationary waves (QSWs) are strongly linked to synoptic variability and extreme events such as blocking and heatwaves. It is therefore essential to gain a deeper insight into the drivers of QSW variability. Previous research highlighted the El Niño Southern Oscillation as one of the main drivers for global QSW variability with La Niña conditions of particular interest because of their link to anomalous strong QSW amplitudes. This connection between La Niña and QSW activity in the Northern Hemisphere is analysed in this study using a set of aquaplanet experiments with a slab ocean, mimicking La Niña conditions of varying strengths. The experiments demonstrate La Niña conditions are consistent with a weaker zonal mean Hadley cell and a corresponding northward shift in the midlatitude wave guide associated with strong meridional gradients in absolute vorticity. The QSW region generally follows this shift in the wave guide with an overall increase in QSW amplitudes along a slightly weaker mean vorticity gradient. For weak to moderate modifications of the ocean heat flux convergence, there is an approximately linear relationship with the associated QSW response, though for stronger slab heat fluxes the overall response becomes highly nonlinear. It is therefore concluded that the ENSO state may have significant consequences for QSW activity across the Northern Hemisphere.
Event‐based adaptive sliding mode control for Euler–Lagrange systems with parameter uncertainties and external disturbances
Authors: Wang Nana , Hao Fei 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis article studies the robust tracking control problem for a class of uncertain Euler–Lagrange systems. An adaptive sliding mode control strategy is proposed to address the robust stability of the closed‐loop systems with external disturbances and parameter uncertainties. An adaptive parameter estimator is constructed in the sensor node to deal with the unknown bound of uncertainties, and an event‐triggering detector is located between the sensor node and the controller node. The introduction of event‐triggering condition is introduced, reducing the utilization on communication resources and the number of control execution. In this event‐triggered strategy, the closed‐loop systems reach the practical sliding mode band and the band could be adjusted. Moreover, the event‐triggering condition can make sure that Zeno behavior does not occur. Finally, simulation results on 2‐link robotic manipulator are provided to illustrate the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed control scheme.
Combinations of novel hybrid optimization algorithms‐based trajectory planning analysis for an industrial robotic manipulators
Authors: Singh Gurjeet , Banga Vijay Kumar 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn this paper, an optimal collision‐free trajectory is developed based on the hybrid optimization algorithms for industrial robotic manipulators (IRMs). Three IRMs such as PUMA 560 (six degrees of freedom—6DOF), KUKA LBR iiwa 14 R820 (7DOF), and ABB IRB 140 (6DOF) are considered. The key objective is to enhance the smoothness and efficiency of manufacturing robots by optimum joint trajectory design using the seventh‐order polynomial function. The proposed approach is to solve both kinematics and trajectory planning problems by using the different combinations of the hybrid meta‐heuristic algorithms. The kinematic parameters including jerk, acceleration, and velocity mostly impact the travel smoothness of the robot end‐effector on the trajectory path. Therefore, these parameters are to be constrained for generating the collision‐free path. The endurance of velocity and acceleration can be obtained by reducing the jerk which leads to smooth robotic motion. The proposed work is executed using a robotic toolbox in MATLAB with a graphical user interface. The values of acceleration, velocity, and jerk are computed for the robot joints. Each robot obtained the minimum traveling time for without and with an obstacle which is 0.0118 and 0.0313 s for PUMA and 0.0117 and 0.0310 s for KUKA, and 0.0114 and 0.0120 s for ABB IRB 140 robot. From the experimental outcomes, the proposed scheme of the hybrid optimization algorithms is more effective for the trajectory planning of IRMs than that of other works.
A Programmable Multifunctional 3D Cancer Cell Invasion Micro Platform
Authors: Liu Qian , Muralidharan Aswin , Saateh Abtin , Ding Zhaoying , ten Dijke Peter , Boukany Pouyan E. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn the research of cancer cell invasion and metastasis, recreation of physiologically relevant and faithful three‐dimensional (3D) tumor models that recapitulate spatial architecture, spatiotemporal control of cell communication and signaling pathways, and integration of extracellular cues remains an open challenge. Here, a programmable multifunctional 3D cancer cell invasion microbuckets‐hydrogel (Mb‐H) platform is developed by integrating various function‐variable microbuckets and extracellular matrix (ECM)‐like hydrogels. Based on this Mb‐H micro platform, the aggregation of multi‐cancer cells is well controlled to form cancer cell spheroids, and the guiding relationship of single‐cell migration and collective cell migration during the epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) of cancer cell invasion are demonstrated. By programming and precisely assembling multiple functions in one system, the Mb‐H platform with spatial‐temporal controlled release of cytokine transforming growth factor beta (TGF‐β) and various functionalized Mb‐H platforms with intelligent adjustment of cell‐matrix interactions are engineered to coordinate the 3D invasive migration of cancer cell spheroids. This programmable and adaptable 3D cancer cell invasion micro platform takes a new step toward mimicking the dynamically changing (localized) tumor microenvironment and exhibits wide potential applications in cancer research, bio‐fabrication, cell signaling, and drug screening.
Overcoming Ion Transport Barrier by Plasma Heterointerface Engineering: Epitaxial Titanium Carbonitride on Nitrogen‐Doped TiO2for High‐Performance Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Cai Qianli , Li Xinglong , Hu Ertao , Wang Zhongyue , Lv Peng , Zheng Jiajin , Yu Kehan , Wei Wei , Ostrikov Kostya (Ken) 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAnatase TiO2is a promising anode material for lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) and sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) due to its high specific capacity, low cost, and excellent cycle stability. However, low electrical conductivity and poor Na+ion transport in TiO2limit its practical applications. Here, substantially boosted Na+ion transport and charge transfer kinetics are demonstrated by constructing a near‐ideal non‐rectifying titanium carbonitride/nitrogen‐doped TiO2(TiCxN1–x/N‐TiO2) heterostructure. Owing to the fast plasma effects and metastable hybrid phases, the TiCxN1–xis epitaxially grown on TiO2. Energy band engineering at the interface induces high electron densities and a strong built‐in electric field, which lowers the Na+diffusion barrier by a factor of 1.7. As a result, the TiCxN1–x/N‐TiO2electrode exhibits excellent electrochemical performance. The reversible specific capacities at rates of 0.1 and 10 C reach 312.3 and 173.7 mAh g−1, respectively. After 600 cycles of charge and discharge at 10 C, the capacity retention rate is 98.7%. This work discovers an effective non‐equilibrium plasma‐enabled process to construct heterointerfaces that can enhance Na+ion transport and provides generic guidelines for the design of heterostructures for a broader range of energy storage, separation, and other devices that rely on controlled ionic transport.
Environmental life cycle assessment of different types of the municipal wastewater pipeline network
Authors: Asadollahfardi Gholamreza , Panahandeh Azadeh , Moghadam Ebrahim Inanlo , Masoumi Shima , Tayebi Jebeli Mojtaba 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWith the onset of social life, humans have considered waste disposal as essential, and they have been able to repel it through brick and clay channels. Checking sewage pipes for energy consumption and a longer lifetime than other sewage system components is important. Climate change and exploitation of industrial resources have made environmental impacts, which are important factors in decision making. The purpose of this study was to introduce the most suitable type of sewage pipe considering environmental protection. Therefore, we applied the environmental life cycle assessment (LCA) method, using Sima Pro 8.2.3 software for the one‐kilometer length of concrete pipes (300 mm in diameter), Polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and polyethylene (PE) (315 mm in diameter). Also, the BEES method and sensitivity analysis were used to validate the results. The comparison between three types of municipal wastewater pipes indicated that PE pipes are a more environmentally friendly option than PVC, and concrete pipes in pipe recycling, reducing extraction from untapped resources, and inefficient extraction of resources. Electricity, diesel fuel, and sulfate resistance cement consumption for concrete production are the most pollution elements in the LCA of concrete pipes. Usage of PVC granular, sanitary landfill of PVC pipes, and using hydraulic drill in LCA of PVC pipes are the most elements of generating pollution. The usage of PE granules, PE pipes landfilling, hydraulic excavator, and electricity consumption in the LCA of the PE pipes are the greatest polluting parameters.
Molecular mechanisms, genetic mapping, and genome editing for insect pest resistance in field crops
Authors: Wani Shabir H. , Choudhary Mukesh , Barmukh Rutwik , Bagaria Pravin K. , Samantara Kajal , Razzaq Ali , Jaba Jagdish , Ba Malick Niango , Varshney Rajeev K. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractKey messageImproving crop resistance against insect pests is crucial for ensuring future food security. Integrating genomics with modern breeding methods holds enormous potential in dissecting the genetic architecture of this complex trait and accelerating crop improvement.AbstractInsect resistance in crops has been a major research objective in several crop improvement programs. However, the use of conventional breeding methods to develop high-yielding cultivars with sustainable and durable insect pest resistance has been largely unsuccessful. The use of molecular markers for identification and deployment of insect resistance quantitative trait loci (QTLs) can fastrack traditional breeding methods. Till date, several QTLs for insect pest resistance have been identified in field-grown crops, and a few of them have been cloned by positional cloning approaches. Genome editing technologies, such as CRISPR/Cas9, are paving the way to tailor insect pest resistance loci for designing crops for the future. Here, we provide an overview of diverse defense mechanisms exerted by plants in response to insect pest attack, and review recent advances in genomics research and genetic improvements for insect pest resistance in major field crops. Finally, we discuss the scope for genomic breeding strategies to develop more durable insect pest resistant crops.
Von akutem Koronarsyndrom bis Zoster
Authors: Schnell Hein 
Published: March 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Segmentale und somatische Dysfunktionen im Thorakalbereich können zu unterschiedlichen klinischen Bildern führen. Es gilt, drei wesentliche Varianten zu unterscheiden.

Klinik
1. Lokale Schmerzen
Hierbei müssen auch potenziell lebensbedrohliche Differenzialdiagnosen bedacht und im Zweifel die Chest-Pain-Notfalldiagnostik initiiert werden.
2. Vertebro-viszeraler Reflex
Der sympathische Grenzstrang hat seine segmentalen Ursprünge im Wesentlichen in den thorakalen Segmenten, dies führt zu einer hochgradigen neuronalen Vernetzung mit den Thorax- und Oberbauchorganen. „Unspezifische“ Thorax- und Bauchbeschwerden können deswegen ihre Ursache in segmentalen und somatischen Dysfunktionen der thorakalen Segmente haben.
3. Viszero-vertebraler Reflex
Viszerale Noziafferenzen gelangen über die vegetative Vernetzung zu thorakalen Segmenten und können hier zu schmerzhaften thorakalen Dysfunktionen führen. Diese können erste Anzeichen einer ernsthaften strukturellen Erkrankung, z. B. Neoplasie oder Ulkus, der Thorax- und Oberbauchorgane darstellen.

Differenzialdiagnostik
Die Differenzialdiagnostik ist anspruchsvoll, die manuelle Medizin kann einen entscheidenden Beitrag leisten. Die biomechanischen und neurophysiologischen Besonderheiten am Thorax müssen dafür bekannt sein.
Laser-induced fluorescence for studying the influence of potassium and sodium salts on PAH formation in sooting premixed flames
Authors: Mannazhi Manu , Bergqvist Saga , Bengtsson Per-Erik 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPrevious studies have shown that alkali salts influence combustion processes and soot formation, although the effects seem to vary across systems. Moreover, fundamental studies on the effect of potassium and sodium salts on formation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), which are precursors in soot formation, are scarce. Here, we report a study in which the effects on PAH formation due to the addition of alkali metal salts (KCl, KOH, K2CO3, NaCl and NaOH) to premixed ethylene–air flames were investigated. Different size classes of PAHs were probed using both spectral and 2D measurements of laser-induced fluorescence (PAH-LIF) using the excitation wavelengths 266 nm and 532 nm, while detecting the fluorescence emission at selected wavelength ranges. Elastic light scattering (ELS) measurements were also used to complement the fluorescence data. It was found that potassium and sodium salts do not significantly influence the formation of small PAHs (2–3 rings), while decreasing the concentration of larger PAHs at higher heights above burner (HAB). Another important result was that the anion in the salt (Cl−, OH−, CO32−) negligibly influences the PAH and soot formation processes after dissociation of the salts.
Ultrasound imaging velocimetry in particle-laden flows: counteracting attenuation with correlation averaging
Authors: Dash Amitosh , Hogendoorn Willian , Oldenziel Gosse , Poelma Christian 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Ultrasound imaging velocimetry (UIV) refers to the technique wherein ultrasound images are analysed with 2D cross-correlation techniques developed originally in the framework of particle image velocimetry. Applying UIV to opaque, particle-laden multiphase flows have long been considered to be an attractive prospect. In this study, we demonstrate how fundamental differences in acoustical imaging, as compared to optical imaging, manifest themselves in the 2D cross-correlation analysis. A chief point of departure from conventional particle image velocimetry is the strong variation in the intensity profile of the acoustic wavefield, primarily caused by the attenuation of ultrasonic waves in particle-laden flows. Attenuation necessitates using a larger ensemble of correlation planes to obtain satisfactory time-averaged velocity profiles. For a given combination of imaging and flow conditions, attenuation sets upper limits on volume fraction, penetration depth, as well as temporal resolutions that may be accessed confidently. This behaviour is demonstrated in two experimental datasets and is also supported by a modified cross-correlation theory. The modification is brought about by incorporating a lumped model of ultrasonic backscattering in suspensions into existing spatial cross-correlation analysis. The two experimental datasets correspond to two distinct particle-laden pipe flows: (1) a neutrally buoyant non-Brownian suspension in a laboratory-scale flow facility, wherein particle sizes are comparable to the ultrasonic wavelength and (2) a non-Newtonian slurry in an industrial-scale flow facility, wherein particle sizes are much smaller than the ultrasonic wavelength. We illustrate how and to what extent correlation averaging can counteract the adversity caused by attenuation. The work herein offers a template for one to evaluate the performance of UIV in particle-laden flows.

Graphical abstract
Late is too late? Surgical timing and postoperative complications after primary ileocolic resection for Crohn’s disease
Authors: Lavorini E. , Allaix M. E. , Ammirati C. A. , Astegiano M. , Morino M. , Resegotti A. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Despite the recent advances in medical therapy, the majority of patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) still require surgery during the course of their life. While a correlation between early primary surgery and lower recurrence rates has been shown, the impact of surgical timing on postoperative complications is unclear. The aim of this study is to assess the impact of surgical timing on 30-day postoperative morbidity.

Methods
This is a retrospective analysis of a prospectively collected database of 307 consecutive patients submitted to elective primary ileocolic resection for CD at our institution between July 1994 and July 2018. The following variables were considered: age, gender, year of treatment, smoking habits, preoperative steroid therapy, presence of fistula or abscess, type of anastomosis, and time interval between diagnosis of CD and surgery. Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were performed to examine the association between risk factors and complications.

Results
Major complications occurred in 29 patients, while anastomotic leak was observed in 16 patients. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that surgical timing in years (OR 1.10 p = 0.002 for a unit change), along with preoperative use of steroids (OR 5.45 p < 0.001) were independent risk factors for major complications. Moreover, preoperative treatment with steroids (6.59 p = 0.003) and surgical timing (OR 1.10 p = 0.023 for a unit change) were independently associated with anastomotic leak, while handsewn anastomosis (OR 2.84 p = 0.100) showed a trend.

Conclusions
Our results suggest that the longer is the time interval between diagnosis of CD and surgery, the greater is the risk of major surgical complications and of anastomotic leak.
MASCC multidisciplinary evidence-based recommendations for the management of malignant bowel obstruction in advanced cancer
Authors: Madariaga Ainhoa , Lau Jenny , Ghoshal Arunangshu , Dzierżanowski Tomasz , Larkin Philip , Sobocki Jacek , Dickman Andrew , Furness Kate , Fazelzad Rouhi , Crawford Gregory B , Lheureux Stephanie 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPurposeTo provide evidence-based recommendations on the management of malignant bowel obstruction (MBO) for patients with advanced cancer.MethodsThe Multinational Association for Supportive Care in Cancer (MASCC) MBO study group conducted a systematic review of databases (inception to March 2021) to identify studies about patients with advanced cancer and MBO that reported on the following outcomes: symptom management, bowel obstruction resolution, prognosis, overall survival, and quality of life. The review was restricted to studies published in English, but no restrictions were placed on publication year, country, and study type. As per the MASCC Guidelines Policy, the findings were synthesized to determine the levels of evidence to support each MBO intervention and, ultimately, the graded recommendations and suggestions.ResultsThe systematic review identified 17,656 published studies and 397 selected for the guidelines. The MASCC study group developed a total of 25 evidence-based suggestions and recommendations about the management of MBO-related nausea and vomiting, bowel movements, pain, inflammation, bowel decompression, and nutrition. Expert consensus-based guidance about advanced care planning and psychosocial support is also provided.ConclusionThis MASCC Guideline provides comprehensive, evidence-based recommendations about MBO management for patients with advanced cancer.