bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Image encryption based on chaos, elliptic curve, dynamic S-boxes and variable permutations
Authors: Garcia Victor Manuel Silva , Garcia-Cuahutle Kevin Brando , Flores-Carapia Rolando , Gonzalez-Ramirez Marlon David , Chimal-Eguia Juan Carlos 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The proposed algorithm called Image encryption based on chaos, elliptic curve, dynamic S-boxes and variable permutations (IECC) is a symmetric cryptosystem for encrypting bmp images, in this case 512 × 512 pixel figures are used for testing. This algorithm consists of 15 rounds with a different S-box for each round and each set of S-boxes is different for each image encryption. Based on the above, a permutation is applied before the first round, additionally, in round 15 the inverse permutation of the first round intervenes. Both the S-boxes and the permutations are built using the E. Lorenz equations, which obtain solutions with two different points of the elliptic curve chosen randomly in each process. To measure the resistance to differential attack of the proposed cryptosystem, the following measurements are carried out: Number of Pixels Change Rate - NPCR, Unified Average Changing Intensity - UACI. Also, taking into account that the generation of the boxes is dynamic, the algebraic attack is avoided; furthermore, with this symmetric cryptosystem it is possible to distribute keys and sign, since an asymmetric system is used in its construction. On the other hand, four types of noise are applied to the encrypted images to evaluate the resistance of the encryption algorithm to this type of attack. Ten instruments are used to measure the quality of encryption; namely: entropy, correlation, discrete Fourier transform, NPCR, UACI, Avalanche Criteria - AC, contrast, energy, homogeneity and a goodness of fit test is proposed using the χ2 distribution.
Empathetic, old, and disgust-sensitive vs. comfort-seeking, misinformed, and rationalizing: Predictors and motives for mask-wearing behavior and vaccination intention during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Binter Jakub , Pešout Ondra , Pieniak Michał , Martínez-Molina Judit , Noon Edward John , Stefanczyk Michal Mikolaj , Eder Stephanie Josephine 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Containing a pandemic requires that individuals adhere to measures such as wearing face-masks and get vaccinated. Therefore, identifying predictors and motives for both behaviors is of importance. Here, we study the decisions made by a cross-national sample in randomized hypothetical scenarios during the COVID-19 pandemic.Our results show that mask-wearing was predicted by empathic tendencies, germ aversion, and higher age, whilst belief in misinformation and presentation of an interaction partner as a family member lowered the safety standards. The main motives associated with taking the mask off included: rationalization, facilitating interaction, and comfort.Vaccination intention was positively predicted by empathy, and negatively predicted by belief in misinformation and higher costs of the vaccine. We found no effect of immunization status of the surrounding social group. The most common motive for vaccination was protection of oneself and others, whereas undecided and anti-vaccine groups reported doubts about the effectiveness and fear of side effects.Together, we identify main social and psychological predictors and motives of mask-wearing behavior and vaccination intention. The results highlight the importance of social context for mask-wearing, easy access to vaccines, empathy, and trust in publicly distributed information.
Germplasm variation among wild populations of the southernmost highland papayas (Vasconcellea quercifolia and V. glandulosa): implications for conservation
Authors: Urtasun María Manuela , Lamas Carola Yanina , Cornejo Isabel , Giamminola Eugenia Mabel 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Species of Vasconcellea are promising for the agricultural industry as a source of genes for papaya improvement because many of them have edible fruits with favorable organoleptic properties. Vasconcellea quercifolia and V. glandulosa are the southernmost species and have recently been categorized as species of high conservation priority in Argentina. Although seeds of both species can be stored in genebanks, no specific studies have been conducted on their germplasm variation, which is a key aspect to designing a conservation strategy. In this work, we assess morphological, physiological, and biochemical variability at the species and population levels and propose a conservation strategy. In four wild populations of each species located at different elevations in northwest Argentina, vegetative and reproductive material was collected from 110 individuals of V. glandulosa and 70 of V. quercifolia. Twenty-seven morphological, two biochemical and four physiological descriptors were determined to characterize each species. Then, variance decomposition, differences between populations (with ANOVA) and a principal component analysis were performed using morphological quantitative fruit and seed data, to assess variability between populations. Although both species showed a wide range of phenotypic variability, it was higher in V. quercifolia than in V. glandulosa and within each population than between them. Leaves, female flowers and physiological descriptors were the most variable, while seed morphological descriptors were the least variable. Variance analysis revealed differences between populations in the majority of morphological descriptors. We recommend collecting germplasm from the entire natural distribution range of each species and from many individuals in each population.
Identification of the most suitable reference genes for nanoparticle stress response in Salvia rosmarinus (rosemary) produced under in vitro conditions
Authors: Bharati Rohit , Sen Madhab Kumar , Kumar Ram , Gupta Aayushi , Sur Vishma Pratap , Melnikovová Ingrid , Fernández-Cusimamani Eloy 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Salvia rosmarinus L. (rosemary) is known to have a wide range of pharmacological effects including antidiabetic, anticarcinogenic, and antitumorigenic properties owing to its secondary metabolites. Studies aiming for the elevation of these metabolites have utilized various elicitors and stresses under in vitro conditions, although underlying molecular mechanisms remain unexplored. Gene expression studies using qRT-PCR might provide valuable information regarding how plant and plant cells interact and perceive various treatments and elicitors. Although, despite being able to calculate accurate fold changes, the accuracy of the qRT-PCR data highly depends on the expression of housekeeping (H.K.) genes. To the best of our knowledge, there is no information available on the stable H.K. genes in rosemary under in vitro conditions. Thus, in this paper, we assessed the stability of seven commonly used H.K. genes with qRT-PCR. Thereafter, the five most commonly used software (comparative ΔCt, BestKeeper, NormFinder, geNorm, and RefFinder) were used to rank the candidates based on their expression stabilities. We recommend using a combination of F1-ATPase and 18S rRNA to normalize the gene expression experiments in rosemary under in vitro conditions. The selected H.K. genes were verified using 4-coumarate-CoA ligase i.e., a pharmacologically important gene, whose expression might alter under nanoparticle treatment. Additionally, reference genes for several plant tissues, elicitors, and stresses are also proposed. The conclusions obtained from this current study will accelerate the future molecular work in S. rosmarinus and other related species.
Finite element analysis of intraosseous distal radioulnar joint prosthesis
Authors: Gholamian Farzaneh , Ashrafi Mehran , Moradi Ali 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Joint replacement is one of the options to retrieve the DRUJ function. Interosseous DRUJ prosthesis has recently been introduced clinically to treat DRUJ instability. The stability and biomechanical behavior of the prosthesis during different loadings have been analyzed by the finite element method in this article.
Methods
CT images of a healthy 33 years old man were used to construct the three-dimensional geometry of the forearm bone. Then two models, which include a healthy foreman (Model A) and a damaged model with an inserted interosseous prosthesis (Model B) constructed to analyze and compare the foreman's stability and biomechanical behavior under different loading conditions using the finite element method. Both models were examined during pronation and supination movements with 500, 1000, 2000, and 5000 N.mm values. Also, both models were subjected to volar and dorsal loads with values of 10, 30, and 50 N and traction force with 100, 150, and 200 N.
Results
Maximum and minimum principal stress in all conditions performed during movements was extracted for the bones, and Von Mises stress was considered for the prosthesis and its fixing screws. In supination, the maximum stress in Model A is significantly higher than the Model B. The maximum principal stress of both models is similar during volar and dorsal loading. In traction force, in Model A, the maximum principal stress is about 68 MPa, while in Model B, it is about 850 MPa. In Model B, the absolute value of minimum principal stress is in pronation, and supination is higher than Model A. the prostheses and screws are subjected to higher stresses during pronation than supination. Also, the amount of stress created in prostheses and screws during volar and dorsal loading is almost equal. In traction loading, screws are subjected to very high stresses.
Conclusion
In conclusion, our study indicated that the interosseous DRUJ prosthesis looks stable. This prosthesis provides the ability to function similarly to a normal hand. Differences from the normal state can be eliminated, if necessary, with minor modifications in the prosthesis geometry.
The number of social support providers enhances the mediating role of resilience between life satisfaction and depression tendency
Authors: Chang Yun-Hsuan , Yang Cheng-Ta , Hsieh Shulan 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
BackgroundThe contribution of psychosocial characteristics, including life satisfaction, resilience, and social support, to depression tendency in adults has been proposed, because the age of onset of depressive disorders, i.e., adolescence to early adulthood, is associated with various impairments in psychosocial functioning. In this study, a psychosocial model is introduced to verify a psychosocial network for the prevention of depression tendency. MethodsFor this study, 370 participants were recruited. They completed several questionnaires to assess their depression tendency: Conner-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), Satisfaction with Life Scale (SwLS), Peace of Mind (PoM) scale, Social Support Questionnaire (SSQ), and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II). ResultsA negative association was found between depression tendency and all other variables, including PoM and CD-RISC scores, life satisfaction, and social support. Such factors can be considered as protective against increased depression tendency. In addition, an indirect effect was found for PoM and resilience on the negative association between SwLS and depression tendency. Moreover, social support was found to mediate the correlation between PoM and resilience, implying the mediating role of social support between an individual’s inner state of mind and resilience.ConclusionsA psychosocial model for depression prevention involves not only the individual’s inner state of mind and subjective view of events and their life, but also outside factors, including social support.
Integrating Pharmacokinetics and Network Analysis to Investigate the Mechanism of Moutan Cortex in Blood-Heat and Blood Stasis Syndrome
Authors: Ye Qiuli , Zhang Ying , Yan Donghui , Sun Yue , Cao Hui , Wang Shumei , Meng Jiang 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Raw Moutan Cortex (RMC) has been used in China and other Asian countries for thousands of years. Its medical application is the treatment of cooling blood and promoting blood circulation; however, its therapeutic mechanism is still undefined. Methods: In this study, the pharmacokinetics strategy that integrated network analysis was employed to explore the mechanism of RMC in blood-heat and blood stasis syndrome (BHS) model rats. Firstly, Ultra -High -Pressure Liquid Chromatography coupled with Diode Array Detector (UHPLC-DAD) method was developed to determine nine absorbed compounds in rat serum in BHS and normal rats after oral administration of RMC extract respectively. Then the pharmacology network was established based on the relationship between nine compounds absorbed into the blood and BHS targets. Finally, the predicted hub targets were validated experimentally in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs).Results: Pharmacokinetic study showed that the pharmacokinetic parameters of nine absorbed compounds had significant differences between BHS and normal groups(P<0.05). Network analysis showed that 8 target genes, namely, F2, F10, F7, PLAU, MAPK14, MAPK10, AKT1, and NOS3 may be the primary targets regulated by RMC for the treatment of BHS. Among them, targets (F2, F10, F7 and MAPK14, MAPK10, AKT) and 4 active ingredients (paeonol, paeoniflorin, quercetin and oxypaeoniflorin) were selected for evaluating the reliability in vitro experiments, which revealed that the mechanism of RMC against BHS syndrome may inhibit inflammatory pathways and regulate coagulation cascades pathway for cooling and promoting blood circulation. Conclusion: The proposed pharmacokinetics study integrated network analysis strategy provides a combination method to explore the therapeutic mechanism of RMC on BHS.
A comprehensive evaluation of pea germplasm resources based on cluster analysis and grey relational analysis
Authors: Zhao Tianyao , Quan Wei , Du Zhonghe , Xie Qiang , Kang Yufan , Xue Wentong 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Pea (Pisum sativum L.) is an economically important legume crop. Due to the growingly improved living standard and the dietary diversity, there is an increasing demand for peas and sprouts year by year, which makes it imperative to screen high-quality pea varieties. In this study, 34 pea varieties were collected for germination treatment, and their sprouting and functional characteristics were investigated. The results showed that the epicotyl length and output ratio of pea sprouts ranged from 3.54 ~ 20.66 cm and 0.91 ~ 3.03, respectively. The total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), 2,2’-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonate) (ABTS) free radical scavenging capacity and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) varied widely, ranging from 2.33 ~ 4.61 mg GAE/g DW, 7.14 ~ 13.54 mg RUT/g DW, 46.67 ~ 65.65 µM TE/g DW and 14.95 ~ 31.26 mM Fe2+/g DW, respectively. Significantly high linear correlation coefficients were reported among TPC, TFC, ABTS, and FRAP of pea sprouts. Compared with ungerminated pea seeds, sprouts had richer phenolic content and superior antioxidant capacity. Principal component analysis (PCA) extracted three principal components with a total cumulative contribution rate of 84.50%. Hierarchical clustering analysis was carried out based on the extracted three principal components, and the obtained dendrogram divided pea varieties into four categories. The best-performing variety was evaluated by grey relational analysis as 9618-2, with an associate degree of 0.819. The high-quality pea varieties selected by cluster analysis and grey relational analysis were basically the same. Overall, the germinated varieties 9618-2, Dingwan 4, Dingwan 8, Baiwandou, Taiwanxiaobaihua, Chengduzhushawan, Dingwan 5, Caoyuan 224 were superior sources of natural antioxidants.
Pose-Based Boundary Energy Image for Gait Recognition from Silhouette Contour Information
Authors: Gupta Sanjay Kumar , Chattopadhyay Pratik 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Gait is a biometric feature that refers to walking style, and medical studies claim that any individual has an unique gait pattern. In this work, we consider a gait recognition scenario in which at least a complete cycle of gait is captured for each person and propose a new feature termed as the Pose-based Boundary Energy Image (BEI) that captures the dynamics of gait at a high resolution by deriving features from the silhouette contour information corresponding to the fractional parts of a gait cycle. The use of silhouette contour information for feature extraction is advantageous in the sense that it makes the extracted gait features more discriminative due to eliminating the redundant silhouette-level information, as used in most traditional approaches. We reduce the dimension of the Pose-based BEI feature by applying PCA, and next carry out the final phase of LDA-based classification using the reduced feature set. Evaluation of the proposed approach has been done on CASIA B and TUMGAID data sets and satisfactory results are obtained. Comparative study with existing techniques also shows that our approach outperforms the existing methods.
Investigation for the Affecting Factors on the Straightness Measurements for large CNC Machine Tools
Authors: Elmelegy Ahmed , Zahwi Sarwat , Sobhi Ahmed 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The machine tools has main role in high production quality level of industrial products. Inorder to save and increase this high quality of production level, the geometric errors of machine tools have to measured, determined and controlled. Straightness errors are one of the most important type of geometric errors of machine tools. The measurements of straightness errors i.e. horizontal and vertical straightness errors are affected by various factors. The straightness errors are measured versus three important factors. These factors are different location positions, different moving steps and different analysis methods. Among the sex latches of machine tool in this paper, the straightness errors in X axis at latch 3 has minimum values. The straightness errors in Z axis at right position about 2000 Ømm (1000 mm) from the machine center has also mimimum values. Straightness errors are measured at moving steps, 50, 100, 150 and 200 mm. Such errors have minimum values at moving step 50 mm. Regression, end-point fitting and ISO1101 are three mathematical tools that used in determination of straightness errors.
miR-101-5p contributes to preeclampsia via modulating the DUSP6- ERK1/2 axis
Authors: Xu Jiacheng , Wang Jie , Chen Miaomiao , Chao Bingdi , He Jie , Bai Yuxiang , Luo Xiaofang , Liu Hongli , Xie Lumei , Tao Yuelan , Luo Xin , Qi Hongbo 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Preeclampsia (PE) is defined as new-onset hypertension with proteinuria or end-organ dysfunction after 20 weeks of gestation. Defective placentation due to dysregulated behaviors of trophoblast cells is considered a predominant cause of PE. Recently, increasing evidence has suggested an association between microRNAs and PE progression. This study aims to explore the effect of miR-101-5p on trophoblast cell function and the pathogenesis of PE.
Methods
Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)-immunofluorescence (IF) double labeling were used to determine miR-101-5p expression levels and localization. Wound-healing, transwell, EdU, and flow cytometry assays were used to examine migration, invasion, proliferation, and apoptosis. Transcriptomics and bioinformatics analysis revealed potential targets and pathways for miR-101-5p. The direct binding between miR-101-5p and DUSP6 was confirmed by Western blotting and the dual-luciferase reporter assay. Expression levels of DUSP6, p-ERK1/2, and ERK1/2 were examined by Western blotting.
Results
MiR-101-5p was upregulated in preeclamptic placentas when compared with normal controls and was mainly located in various trophoblast cell subtypes. Overexpression of miR-101-5p impaired the migration and invasion of HTR8/SVneo cells but did not affect proliferation or apoptosis. DUSP6 was predicted as a potential downstream target of miR-101-5p. In HTR8/SVneo cells, exogenous transfection of miR-101-5p reduced DUSP6 expression, and miR-101-5p was bound to DUSP6 directly. DUSP6 upregulation rescued the migratory and invasive abilities of HTR8/SVneo cells in the presence of miR-101-5p overexpression. Moreover, miR-101-5p could enhance ERK1/2 phosphorylation by downregulating DUSP6.
Conclusions
Overexpression of miR-101-5p inhibited the migration and invasion of trophoblast cells by targeting DUSP6 and activating the MAPK/ERK1/2 signaling pathway. Thus, the newly identified miR-101-5p/DUSP6/ERK1/2 axis provides a novel insight into the pathogenesis of PE.
Effects of the interaction between air pollutants and temperature on daily mortality from respiratory and circulatory diseases
Authors: Zhang Weining , Sun Yuanyuan , Shen Xifeng , Li Meiting , Nan Jiale , Gao Dongping 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Objectives: To evaluate the synergistic effects of air pollutants and temperature on the mortality risk of respiratory and circulatory diseases in residents. Methods:A generalized additive model based on time series and a bivariate response surface were conducted to assess the association and the potential interaction between air pollutants and temperature with respiratory and circulatory mortality risks using the causes of death and environmental monitoring data from 2014 to 2018 in a certain region of China.Results: Temperature and mortality consistently showed V-shaped associations, and the optimum temperature is 26℃. PM2.5 and PM10 have a lagging effect on respiratory diseases, and the effect was the largest when the lag time was 2 days, for every 10μg/m³ increase of PM2.5 and PM10, the risk of daily respiratory disease death increased by 0.36% and 0.26%, respectively. The influence of SO2 on respiratory diseases and circulatory diseases reached the maximum of 2.38% and 1.43% in 4 days lag, respectively. NO2 and O3 did not affect respiratory diseases, and had the greatest effect on death from circulatory diseases on the day, reaching 1.06% and -0.40%, respectively. CO did not affect death both from respiratory and circulatory diseases. High concentrations of PM2.5, PM10 and O3 together with low temperatures can lead to a significant increase in deaths from respiratory diseases, suggesting that low temperature may enhance the harmful effect of these three pollutants on respiratory diseases. Except for SO2, low temperature can enhance the death effect of air pollutants on circulatory system diseases. High temperature only interacted with PM10 and SO2 on the risk of death from circulatory diseases.Conclusions: The lag effect of air pollutants was different, and the temperature had a synergistic effect with them, suggesting that health benefits would be achieved by paying more attention to the air pollutants for hospitals, governments as well as the public.