bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlation of vascular and fluid‐related parameters in neovascular age‐related macular degeneration using deep learning
Authors: Schranz Markus , Told Reinhard , Hacker Valentin , Reiter Gregor S. , Reumueller Adrian , Vogl Wolf‐Dieter , Bogunovic Hrvoje , Sacu Stefan , Schmidt‐Erfurth Ursula , Roberts Philipp K. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractPurposeTo identify correlations between the vascular characteristics of macular neovascularization (MNV) obtained by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and distinct retinal fluid volumes in neovascular age‐related macular degeneration (nAMD).MethodsIn this prospective interventional study, 54 patients with treatment‐naïve type 1 or 2 nAMD were included and treated with intravitreal aflibercept. At baseline and month 1, each patient underwent a SD‐OCT volume scan and volumetric flow scan using a swept‐source OCTA. A deep learning algorithm was used to automatically detect and quantify fluid in OCT scans. Angio Tool, a National Cancer Institute algorithm, was used to skeletonize MNV properties and quantify lesion size (LS), vessel area (VA), vessel density (VD), total number of endpoints (TNE), total number of junctions (TNJ), junction density (JD), total vessel length (TVL), average vessel length (AVL) and mean‐e‐lacunarity (MEL). Subsequently, linear regression models were used to investigate a correlation between OCTA parameters and fluid quantifications.ResultsThe median amount of fluid within the central 6‐mm EDTRS ring was 173.7 nl at baseline, consisting of 156.6 nl of subretinal fluid (SRF) and 2.3 nl of intraretinal fluid (IRF). Fluid decreased significantly in all compartments to 1.76 nl (SRF) and 0.64 nl (IRF).The investigated MNV parameters did not change significantly after the first treatment.There was no significant correlation between MNV parameters and relative fluid decrease after anti‐VEGF treatment. Baseline fluid correlated statistically significant but weakly with TNE (p = 0.002, R2 = 0.17), SRF with TVL (p = 0.04, R2 = 0.08), VD (p = 0.046, R2 = 0.08), TNE (p = 0.001, R2 = 0.20) and LS (p = 0.033, R2 = 0.09). IRF correlated with VA (p = 0.042, R2 = 0.08).The amount of IRF at month 1 correlated significantly but weakly with VD (p = 0.036, R2 = 0.08), JD (p = 0.019, R2 = 0.10) and MEL (p = 0.005, R2 = 0.14).ConclusionMacular neovascularization parameters at baseline and month 1 played only a minor role in the exudation process in nAMD. None of the MNV parameters were correlated with the treatment response.
Regional variation in responses of a vulnerable bird species to land‐use and climate change
Authors: Almeida Ana Claudia , Tourinho Luara , Ramalho Quezia , Jenkins Clinton N. , Almeida‐Gomes Mauricio 
Published: August 2022

AbstractClimate and land‐use changes are expected to negatively affect many species and ecological processes, leading to biodiversity loss. However, some species can adapt to these changes. Wide‐ranging species are expected to be less impacted by such changes, but they can occur in different domains with contrasting environmental conditions, resulting in different conservation statuses along their range. To understand whether a species will overall benefit or lose with global change, we evaluated the responses of a wide‐ranging but a vulnerable bird (Crax fasciolata) to separate and combined effects of climate and land‐use changes under different environmental policies in Brazil. Using ecological niche modeling and a land‐use model within the Brazilian political context, we quantified climatic, habitat, and environmental suitability for Crax fasciolata under historical (2000) and future (2050) scenarios. Our findings showed that environmental suitability can increase for Crax fasciolata in Brazil in future, but these effects vary according to the domain and the specific future scenario considered. Climatically suitable areas will increase in all scenarios, and those environmental scenarios that include better habitat conditions will provide more environmentally suitable areas for Crax fasciolata. However, this increase comes from newly suitable areas in the Atlantic Forest and the Amazon, while the Pantanal, the Caatinga, and the Cerrado will lose environmental suitability due to native vegetation loss. Despite the availability of these new areas, reduced landscape permeability may hinder Crax fasciolata from reaching them. This reinforces the urgent call for public policies for native vegetation protection, reforestation, and effective deforestation control.Abstract in Portuguese is available with online material
Exporting global warming? Coal trade and the shale gas boom
Authors: Knittel Christopher R. , Metaxoglou Konstantinos , Soderbery Anson , Trindade André 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe examine the effect of the US shale gas boom on the international trade and consumption of coal and emissions. We estimate a structural model that links the domestic to the international coal market and use it to simulate counterfactual scenarios. Our results show that the total quantity of coal traded around the world in the absence of the boom is essentially the same as the actual. Moreover, the change in total coal consumed worldwide is also small. Although a compositional change towards coal with different heat content could have significant environmental effects, we show that this is not the case either. Hence, US coal exports simply displaced other coal exports without affecting the total CO and SO
emissions. Despite the small overall effects, several countries experience a substantial decrease in their imports of US coal and the associated emissions in the absence of the boom.
Guillain–Barré syndrome following influenza vaccination: A 15‐year nationwide population‐based case–control study
Authors: Levison Lotte Sahin , Thomsen Reimar Wernich , Andersen Henning 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackground and purposeInfluenza vaccination may increase the risk of developing Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS) due to an elicited immune response, but the exact magnitude and duration of risk is unclear and hence the aim of this study.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective nationwide population‐based case–control study of prospectively collected data on all patients with first‐time hospital‐diagnosed GBS in Denmark between 2002 and 2016 and 10 age‐, sex‐ and index date‐matched population controls per case. The primary exposure was incident influenza vaccination 1 month prior to admission with GBS. We used medical registries to ascertain a complete hospital contact history of pre‐existing morbidities. To examine duration of GBS risk, we repeated the analysis for five consecutive 1‐month risk periods following vaccination.ResultsOf the 1295 GBS cases and 12,814 controls, 20 cases (1.5%) and 119 controls (0.9%) had received an influenza vaccination within the last month, yielding a comorbidity‐adjusted odds ratio of 1.9 (95% confidence interval 1.1–3.2) for GBS. Stratified analyses by calendar time, gender and age showed similar results. The increased risk of GBS was largely confined to 1 month following influenza vaccination. The population‐attributable fraction of GBS from influenza vaccination in Denmark was 0.4%.ConclusionsInfluenza vaccination was associated with a slightly elevated risk of GBS occurrence within 1 month after vaccination. However, only 1.5% of GBS cases in Denmark are associated with recent influenza vaccination. Thus, the benefit of influenza vaccines in preventing influenza infections and associated morbidity and mortality needs to be weighed against the small absolute risk of GBS.
A comparative investigation on H3K27ac enhancer activities in the brain and liver tissues between wild boars and domesticated pigs
Authors: Zhou Zhimin , Jiang Tao , Zhu Yaling , Ling Ziqi , Yang Bin , Huang Lusheng 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDramatic phenotypic differences between domestic pigs and wild boars (Sus scrofa) provide opportunities to investigate molecular mechanisms underlying the formation of complex traits, including morphology, physiology and behaviour. Most studies comparing domestic pigs and wild boars have focused on variations in DNA sequences and mRNA expression, but not on epigenetic changes. Here, we present a genome‐wide comparative study on H3K27ac enhancer activities and the corresponding mRNA profiling in the brain and liver tissues of adult Bama Xiang pigs (BMXs) and Chinese wild boars (CWBs). We identified a total of 1,29,487 potential regulatory elements, among which 11,241 H3K27ac peaks showed differential activity between CWBs and BMXs in at least one tissue. These peaks were overrepresented by binding motifs of FOXA1, JunB, ATF3 and BATF, and overlapped with differentially expressed genes that are involved in female mating behaviour, response to growth factors and hormones, and lipid metabolism. We also identified 4118 nonredundant super‐enhancers from ChIP‐Seq data on H3K27ac. Notably, we identified differentially active peaks located close to or within candidate genes, including TBX19, MSTN, AHR and P2RY1, which were identified in DNA sequence‐based population differentiation studies. This study generates a valuable dataset on H3K27ac profiles of the brain and liver from domestic pigs and wild boars, which helps gain insights into the changes in enhancer activities from wild boars to domestic pigs.
Thermal tolerance of fish to heatwaves in agricultural streams: What does not kill you makes you stronger?
Authors: Dai Qihong , Hostert Lauren E. , Rondon Justin K. , Cao Yong , Suski Cory D. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractHeatwaves are increasing in frequency and intensity under climate change. Freshwater ecosystems are among the most thermally impacted systems, within which agricultural streams are experiencing the most extreme heatwaves and deserve prioritised focus. Heatwaves are approaching the upper thermal limits of many fishes but have received little attention to date.To study whether and how fish tolerate heatwaves from a physiological perspective, we simulated single, multiple, and extended heatwaves at 32 and 34°C in the laboratory, based on high‐resolution summer temperatures recorded in agricultural versus forested streams in Illinois, U.S.A.By investigating the effects of heatwaves on 25°C acclimated fathead minnowPimephales promelas, an important prey species across North America, we witnessed its high thermal resilience, including a rapid return to metabolic homeostasis after single and multiple heatwaves, measured by oxygen consumption rate. During an extended heatwave, fathead minnow were still able to partially lower oxygen consumption rate after the initial exposure. We also found transient increases in their critical thermal maximum, especially after higher intensity and frequency of heatwaves. However, the thermal resilience of fathead minnow did come with costs, including reduced anaerobic capacity indicated by decreased lactate dehydrogenase activity and impaired antioxidant defence indicated by reduced superoxide dismutase in white muscle.By monitoring metabolic costs and physiological adjustments of fish during and after heatwaves, we showed that fathead minnow were resilient to simulated current and near‐future heatwaves, which may allow them to cope with thermal extremes expected in agricultural streams.Overall, the real‐time monitoring of fish responses to heatwaves incorporates natural dynamics of thermal patterns. It facilitates mechanistic understandings of how fish react to thermal challenges in the real world and offers opportunities to incorporate high‐resolution metabolic costs into future bioenergetic modelling.
Role of communication in successful outpatient attendance in a New Zealand hospital: a qualitative study
Authors: Hamilton Kara , Short Sophie , Cudby Kathryn , Werner Max , O'Connor‐Robertson Olivia , Larkins William , Prangley Devon , Ibrahim Ali , Leung Brian , Norris Pauline , Dockerty John D. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundThere are significant implications for both patients and providers when patients do not attend outpatient specialist appointments. Nonattendance has an impact on the efficiency of health care, provider resources and patient health outcomes.AimsIn this qualitative study we aimed to gather insights on how Dunedin Hospital notifies patients about their appointments, the implications for the hospital and for patients and how the system could be improved.MethodsWe interviewed 13 hospital staff members and nine patients who volunteered to participate because they had missed appointments as a result of communication problems. Interviews were transcribed and analysed thematically using NVivo software.ResultsDunedin Hospital relies heavily on posted letters to inform people about their appointments, with some also receiving reminder texts closer to the time of the appointment. Frustration with the current system was a common theme among both patients and staff. Almost all patients had missed an appointment because of a letter not arriving. While most patients found that the text reminders were helpful, most said they were sent too late and did not allow enough time for arrangements to be made for their appointments. Almost all patients experienced treatment delays, which caused distress. Most patients believed a self‐booking system would improve the ability to attend their appointments, and most of them wanted to be notified of appointments via email.ConclusionsWe recommend that a patient‐oriented approach to communication should be implemented, and alternative methods of communication should be explored.
Bi‐objective optimization of the tactical allocation of job types to machines: mathematical modeling, theoretical analysis, and numerical tests
Authors: Fotedar Sunney , Strömberg Ann‐Brith , Almgren Torgny 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe introduce a tactical resource allocation model for a large aerospace engine system manufacturer aimed at long‐term production planning. Our model identifies the routings a product takes through the factory, and which machines should be qualified for a balanced resource loading, to reduce product lead times. We prove some important mathematical properties of the model that are used to develop a heuristic providing a good initial feasible solution. We propose a tailored approach for our class of problems combining two well‐known criterion space search algorithms, the bi‐directional ε‐constraint method and the augmented weighted Tchebycheff method. A computational investigation comparing solution times for several solution methods is presented for 60 numerical instances.
Solving a harvest scheduling optimization problem with constraints on clearcut area and clearcut proximity
Authors: Martins Isabel , Alvelos Filipe , Cerveira Adelaide , Kašpar Jan , Marušák Robert 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis study aims at solving a harvesting scheduling optimization problem with constraints on the clearcut area with additional constraints on clearcut proximity. The objective function is defined as the net present value generated by harvesting discounted by a penalty for each clearcut. This problem arises to reduce the negative environmental impact of excessive harvesting. We propose the connected‐bucket model, the so‐called bucket model with additional constraints on bucket connectivity and two definitions of stand adjacency, and a Dantzig–Wolfe decomposition. The decomposed model is solved by branch‐and‐price and the connected‐bucket model by a general‐purpose mixed integer programming solver (CPLEX). We compare the quality of the solutions obtained with both approaches for real instances. The branch‐and‐price approach found better solutions for the majority of the instances.
A comparison of conceptual frameworks to examine health inequities in End‐of‐Life care
Authors: Kang Jung A. , Barcelona Veronica 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAimsTo discuss existing conceptual frameworks that can be applied to the examination of health inequities in end‐of‐life care and related health outcomes. We used the Fawcett and Desanto‐Madeya evaluation technique modified by the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities Research Framework to include individual, interpersonal, community, and societal levels of influence.DesignDiscussion paper.Data sourcesWe performed a systematic review of PubMed, CINAHL and Embase for conceptual frameworks of health inequities in end‐of‐life care and health outcomes published as of February 2022.Implications for nursingThere is a strong need for research that can address multiple factors influencing end‐of‐life care inequities and health outcomes. To mitigate the complex nature of social determinants of health and structural inequities, researchers, clinicians, educators and administrators should have solid conceptualizations of these multi‐level factors. Based on sound and comprehensive frameworks, nurses with interdisciplinary partnerships can promote health equity with a broader health care scope through addressing social determinants of health.ConclusionWe identified and reviewed three frameworks. We concluded all three frameworks have the potential for use in the examination of health inequities in end‐of‐life care and health outcomes. However, the Conceptual Framework of Minority Access to End‐of‐Life Care was more applicable to diverse studies and settings when adapted to include fundamental characteristics such as sex and gender.ImpactDespite the substantial rise in end‐of‐life care delivery, health inequities persist in end‐of‐life care access and utilization. Though some studies have been conducted to promote health equity by addressing social determinants of health, progress is hampered by their complex and multi‐faceted nature. Through a concrete conceptual framework, researchers can comprehensively examine multi‐level factors influencing health inequities in end‐of‐life care.No patient or public contributionThis discussion paper focused on reviewing existing evidence.
Lack of awareness of nursing as a career choice for men: A qualitative descriptive study
Authors: Guy Max , Hughes Kerri‐Ann , Ferris‐Day Philip 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAimsThis research aimed to identify the factors that impact why men do not view nursing as a career choice.DesignQualitative description was utilized to capture the rich narratives and insight of participants.MethodsThrough convenience sampling, nine New Zealand qualified male nurses within their first three years of practice were recruited. Semi‐structured interviews were conducted between November 2019 and January 2020 via zoom from sites across New Zealand. All interviews were recorded and transcribed, with the data analysed using Braun and Clarke's thematic analysis.ResultsThe findings reflected the experiences of the research participants as they made sense of a predominantly female‐dominated work environment both during their undergraduate training and prior to recruitment. The research identified two key themes: The first found that men in nursing experienced isolation due to the societal gendering of nursing influencing the participant's knowledge and understanding of what nursing was, as a career. The second theme found that for participants, nursing was not prominent in their awareness when leaving school and making career choices.ConclusionThis research indicates that nursing as a career choice for men is still underpinned by a lack of understanding of the actual role of the nurse and what nurses do, and is more supported by a societal perception that nursing is still a feminized profession. Findings can be used to make recommendations for change in the profession to strengthen diversity in the workforce and redefine the recruitment of men into nursing.ImpactThis research reviewed the career choices of men in nursing and why they chose nursing as a profession. Understanding the barriers of why men do not consider nursing as a career choice assists with finding strategies in both the clinical and academic environments that can enable greater gender diversity within the nursing profession.No patient or public contributionThis applies to this research as the focus was on male registered nurses only.
DNA polymorphism underlying allozyme variation at a malic enzyme locus (mMEP‐2*) in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.)
Authors: Taggart John B. , Leaver Michael J. , Bekaert Michaël 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA non‐synonymous single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) underlies a diallelic allozyme polymorphism at the mitochondrial NADP‐dependent mMEP‐2* locus in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.). The resultant amino acid substitution, which alters the charge of the allelic products, matches the differential mobility of the two allozyme alleles, whereas allozyme and SNP assays revealed genotyping concordance in 257 of 258 individuals. A single mismatch, homozygous allozyme vs. heterozygote SNP, suggests the presence of a second, less common null allele.
The development of a reliable change index and cutoff score for the SCORE‐15
Authors: Miller Richard B. , Nebeker‐Adams Cara A. , Anderson Shayne R. , Bradford Angela B. , Johnson Lee N. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe Systemic Clinical Outcome and Routine Evaluation version 15 (SCORE‐15) is a measure used to assess family‐level change in family therapy. The SCORE‐15 has been demonstrated to be a reliable and valid measure, with high clinical utility; however, the SCORE‐15 lacks the ability to determine whether the change in family functioning during the course of therapy is clinically significant. This study aimed to establish a reliable change index (RCI) and clinical cutoff score so that researchers and clinicians can determine clinically significant change in family therapy. US samples of 71 clinical participants and 244 community participants completed the SCORE‐15. Results indicated a cutoff score of 40.37 and an RCI of 9.52. Consequently, family members who improve their SCORE‐15 score during the course of therapy by at least 9 points and who cross the threshold of 40 during the course of therapy are considered to have experienced clinically significant change.
Intra‐abdominal vas deferens cyst in a laboratory rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta)
Authors: Wen Fu , Chungui Tang , Hualin Deng , Li Gong , Licai Zeng , Wen Zeng 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA 21‐year‐old male rhesus macaque presented with abdominal enlargement. The clinical, magnetic resonance imaging, and computerized tomography findings confirmed a large mass occupying the entire abdomen. The mass was surgically removed, and histopathology confirmed a vas deferens cyst. The macaque recovered uneventfully. The veterinarians should be aware of the possibility of an intra‐abdominal vas deferens cyst and that, as our case shows, could be treated with surgical removal.