bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An on‐body antenna for control of a wireless prosthesis in the 2.45 GHz industrial scientific and medical frequency band
Authors: Proesmans Remko , Deprez Kenneth , Velghe Maarten , Thielens Arno 
Published: October 2022

AbstractElectronic prostheses require a communication link to other on‐body nodes, for example, for control signal extraction. This link can be made wireless to improve user experience compared to wired solutions. Even though ample on‐body communication techniques have been described for wireless body area networks, in prosthetics, the efficiency of wireless links is often neglected, in particular when radio frequency (RF) antennas are used. This work aims to show the benefit of on‐body RF antenna design for prosthetics, by developing a dedicated antenna for use in a lower arm prosthesis. Additionally, this work tries to fill a gap in literature, where some antennas for dedicated on‐body RF communication are presented, but no antennas specific for communication along the arm exist. To this aim, numerical simulations are performed using a cylindrically layered arm model to design a novel, electrically small, capacitively loaded, meandered, 2.45 GHz monopole antenna. The antenna is fabricated using 3D printed polylactic acid and validated both in a static human arm channel and in a dynamic setting, where the human subject performs various tasks. This antenna outperforms an off‐the‐shelf printed circuit board (PCB) antenna by 18 dB and a rectangular patch antenna by 4 dB in terms of link budget at a separation distance of 20 cm, both in line of sight and non‐LOS path loss experiments. Additionally, while performing four commonplace activities, the average power received increased by 20 dB in an on‐body link established between two of our novel antennas rather than two of the PCB antennas. These results will aid in the development of wireless prostheses used by a growing number of amputees.
A zero‐current‐transition soft‐switching technique for T‐type NPC three‐level inverter
Authors: Yin Jingyuan , Yao Xiuyuan , Li Jinke 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBased on the commutation property of the T‐type neutral point clamped (T‐NPC) three‐level inverter, a novel zero‐current‐transition (ZCT) soft‐switching topology is proposed. The proposed topology employs only two auxiliary switches and one inductor and capacitor (LC) resonant tank on each phase leg. The commutation process of the soft‐switching technique is analyzed. The results show that all switches on main leg and auxiliary leg can achieve soft commutation without changing pulse width modulation (PWM) strategy. The control family of T‐NPC three‐level ZCT soft‐switching topology are analyzed respectively, and then the resonant tank and timing schemes of different modes are given. Using two auxiliary switches in resonance can produce greater resonance current due to the combination of external excitation sources, which is more conducive to realize the soft‐switching commutation of the main switch. At last, a half bridge prototype of T‐NPC three‐level inverter is built. The influence of equivalent internal resistance of power switches, diode reverse recovery and stray inductance for soft commutation is analyzed. The advantages of ZCT soft‐switching technology is verified.
Echo simulation of non‐spherical ice crystal particles for airborne weather radar
Authors: Li Hai , Feng Kaihong , Guo Minghe 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAircrafts encounter ice crystal particles during flight, which can easily cause engines icing or even damage, so the detection of ice crystal particles for airborne weather radar is very important. In view of airborne weather radar ice crystal particle radar echo simulation is still vacant problem, and in order to provide high‐fidelity echo data, an echo simulation method of non‐spherical ice crystal particles for airborne weather radar is proposed in this study. Firstly, the spatial distribution characteristic parameters of ice crystal particles are obtained from the simulating weather scenario with Weather Research and Forecasting model. Secondly, the scattering amplitude matrices of non‐spherical ice crystal particles are received by T‐matrix electromagnetic scattering calculation method. Finally, the echo simulation of non‐spherical ice crystal particles is realised using the meteorological radar equation. The simulation results are in good agreement with the real radar observation data and have validity and reliability.
Can the Dragon Make the Lion Breathe Fire? The Links of Chinese Entrepreneurs in the Addis Ababa Economy
Authors: van Boekel Titus , Schutjens Veronique , Zoomers Annelies 
Published: October 2022

AbstractChina’s increasing role in many African economies has given rise to discussions about the drivers of these economic relations and the benefits that Africa can reap. This article, based on field work carried out in Addis Ababa (Ethiopia), aims to contribute to this discussion by shedding light on a group that is often overlooked: the Chinese small entrepreneurs. Our investigation of five specific economic linkages shows how Chinese entrepreneurs mainly operate in secluded market segments, but also are impactful players in the local economy of Bole Rwanda (Addis Ababa). Their presence has both direct and indirect economic effects: even though focusing mainly on serving the Chinese community, these entrepreneurs play important roles in employment generation, and the transfer of knowledge of particular markets, while simultaneously offering new opportunities for Ethiopian entrepreneurs and transforming the existing vegetable market. The dragon helped the lion to breathe fire—the challenge is to make it a far-reaching and long-lasting breath.
The Vacuum Cherenkov Detector (VCD) for γ-ray measurements in inertial confinement fusion experiments
Authors: Jeet J. , Zylstra A. B. , Rekow V. , Hardy C. M. , Pelepchan N. , Eckart M. , Kim Y. , Rubery M. , Moore A. S. , Schlossberg D. J. , Folsom E. 
Published: October 2022

Inertial confinement fusion experiments at both the National Ignition Facility (NIF) and the Laboratory for Laser Energetics OMEGA laser facility currently utilize Cherenkov detectors, with fused silica as the Cherenkov medium. At the NIF, the Quartz Cherenkov Detectors improve the precision of neutron time-of-flight measurements; and at OMEGA, the Diagnostic for Areal Density provides measurements of capsule shell areal densities. An inherent property of fused silica is the radiator’s relatively low energy threshold for Cherenkov photon production (Ethreshold &lt; 1 MeV), making it advantageous over gas-based Cherenkov detectors for experiments requiring low-energy γ detection. The Vacuum Cherenkov Detector (VCD) has been specifically designed for efficient detection of low energy γ’s. Its primary use is in implosion experiments, which will study reactions relevant to stellar and big-bang nucleosynthesis, such as T(4He,γ)7Li, 4He(3He,γ)7Be, and 12C(p,γ)13N. The VCD is compatible with LLE’s standard Ten-Inch Manipulator diagnostic insertion module. This work will outline the design and characterization of the VCD as well as provide results from recent experiments conducted at the OMEGA laser facility.
Interpretación semántica de verbos frasales por aprendientes de inglés como segunda lengua a partir de la posición
(dis)continua de sus partículas
Authors: Rincón Hernández Itsel Merari 
Published: October 2022

Resumen
Es investigación buscó establecer si los hablantes adultos no nativos de inglés interpretan los verbos frasales
aspectuales a partir de la posición continua o discontinua de la partícula que los acompaña y si esto tiene relación con su nivel
de dominio de inglés como segunda lengua (L2). Se diseñó una tarea de selección de imágenes que fue aplicada a hablantes adultos
nativos y no nativos de inglés, estos últimos fueron divididos en cuatro grupos a partir de sus horas de exposición a la lengua
meta (100–200 h, 300–400 h, 600–700 h, +1000 h). Los resultados sugieren que la posición de partícula puede afectar ocasionalmente
la interpretación de los verbos frasales de inglés por parte de hablantes no nativos; sin embargo, esto no ocurre de igual manera
en todos los verbos frasales, ya que la interpretación está también ligada a la categoría semántica de los verbos frasales y a la
partícula presente en cada verbo frasal. Finalmente, los hablantes no nativos de inglés con mayor número de horas de exposición a
la lengua meta tienen un desempeño no significativamente diferente al de los hablantes no nativos en la interpretación de verbos
frasales, aunque en algunos casos las diferencias son pronunciadas.
On the correlation between the TiN thin film properties and the energy flux of neutral sputtered atoms in direct current magnetron discharge
Authors: El Farsy Abderzak , Pierson Jean-François , Gries Thomas , de Poucques Ludovic , Bougdira Jamal 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In this study, the energy flux of sputtered atoms on a substrate was correlated to the properties of titanium nitride (TiN) films deposited using direct current magnetron sputtering (dcMS) under mixed Ar and N2 atmospheres. The neutral titanium sputtered atoms velocity distribution functions (AVDFs) were measured by tunable diode-laser induced fluorescence (TD-LIF), and the flux of particles and their energy were derived. Mass spectrometry was used to characterize the energy-resolved flux of the ions. It was found that the neutral sputtered atoms flux and deposition rate were in good agreement, indicating that the flux of the neutral titanium ground state represents the number of deposited atoms. Moreover, TiN films were deposited at different gas pressures and at various Ar/N2 gas mixtures close to the conditions where stoichiometric TiN was formed, without bias voltage and heating of the substrates. The energy flux of the sputtered neutral Ti into the substrate was calculated from TD-LIF measurements. At a relatively low magnetron discharge pressure of 0.4 Pa, we demonstrated that the energy of sputtered neutral Ti impinging on the substrate is higher than the energy flux of ionized particles corresponding mainly to Ar+. Thus, the influence of the energy flux of the sputtered atoms on the texture and microstructure of the films is revealed. The (200) texture was obtained at 0.4 Pa when the energy flux of the sputtered atoms was higher than the ion energy flux. At 1.3 Pa where the sputtered atoms energy flux is one order lower compared to 0.4 Pa the (111) texture was obtained. The high-energy flux of the ground state of Ti sputtered atoms seems to allow stress removal in the films.
Machine learning interatomic potentials for aluminium: application to solidification phenomena
Authors: Jakse Noel , Sandberg Johannes , Granz Leon F , Saliou Anthony , Jarry Philippe , Devijver Emilie , Voigtmann Thomas , Horbach Jürgen , Meyer Andreas 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In studying solidification process by simulations on the atomic scale, the modeling of crystal nucleation or amorphization requires the construction of interatomic interactions that are able to reproduce the properties of both the solid and the liquid states. Taking into account rare nucleation events or structural relaxation under deep undercooling conditions requires much larger length scales and longer time scales than those achievable by ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD). This problem is addressed by means of classical molecular dynamics simulations using a well established high dimensional neural network potential trained on a set of configurations generated by AIMD relevant for solidification phenomena. Our dataset contains various crystalline structures and liquid states at different pressures, including their time fluctuations in a wide range of temperatures. Applied to elemental aluminium, the resulting potential is shown to be efficient to reproduce the basic structural, dynamics and thermodynamic quantities in the liquid and undercooled states. Early stages of crystallization are further investigated on a much larger scale with one million atoms, allowing us to unravel features of the homogeneous nucleation mechanisms in the fcc phase at ambient pressure as well as in the bcc phase at high pressure with unprecedented accuracy close to the ab initio one. In both cases, a single step nucleation process is observed.
Exploring the 4d1 analogue of cuprates: theoretical studies on bulk NbF4 and NbF4 monolayer stabilized on MgO (001) plane
Authors: Yang Yang , Wang Qiang-Hua 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The recent research in infinite-layer nickelates has inspired new effort in finding the cuprate analogs. Here we propose that NbF4, which contains niobium-centered fluorine octahedra, is a promising 4d
1 analogue of cuprates. Using the density functional theory, we first show that bulk NbF4 is in close proximity to d
1 configuration, with Nb

4

d

x
y

orbital nearly half-filled. A single band with dominating

4

d

x
y

character crosses the Fermi level, forming a square-like Fermi surface. The intralayer G-type antiferromagnetic (AFM) order is energetically favored and the Coulomb interaction drives the system into an AFM insulator. Next we demonstrate that the NbF4 layer can be stabilized on MgO substrate with main electronic and magnetic features retained, offering an alternative route to realize the NbF4-related high-T

c
superconductors. Furthermore, we derive effective single orbital models for both systems and investigate the electron correlation effects via functional renormalization group. We find that the G-type AFM dominates near half-filling but

d

x
2

−

y
2

-wave superconductivity (SC) prevails upon suitable hole/electron doping. Based on the striking similarities between NbF4 and cuprates, we suggest that NbF4-related compounds may be exotic candidates for searching new high-T

c
superconductors.
Stability of nontrivial magnetic structures in ferromagnetic films with antidots
Authors: Magadeev E B , Vakhitov R M , Kanbekov R R 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The paper investigates stability conditions of vortex-like inhomogeneities in perforated ferromagnet films with strong uniaxial anisotropy of the ‘easy plane’ type. It has been demonstrated that the non-trivial magnetic structures, which are characterized by the absence of an exit of the magnetization vector from the film’s plane, can be observed at the absolute values of the anisotropy constant which exceed a certain threshold point. Possible methods (analytical, numeric, and empiric) have been developed to calculate this threshold value. Universally applicable estimates have been obtained of the minimum permissible value of the anisotropy constant for a number of the most important cases. Possible scenarios have been investigated for a loss of stability of the magnetic structure as the film’s material parameters vary.
Enhanced cataluminescence sensing of MIL-53(Al)/Sb2SnO5 composites for isobutanol detection
Authors: Zhang Qianchun , Zhou Qin , Wu Yun , Li Yanxin , Tian Fengling , Tang Shan , Jiang Li 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In this study, MIL-53(Al) and Sb2SnO5 were synthesized by hydrothermal and precipitation methods, respectively. The doped MIL-53(Al)/Sb2SnO5 showed excellent catalytic properties, specifically for selectivity and sensitivity for isobutanol (IBN). To assess the catalytic properties of MIL-53(Al)/Sb2SnO5, an IBN gas sensor based on cataluminescence of MIL-53(Al)/Sb2SnO5 was developed, and it demonstrated detection of IBN with high sensitivity, high specificity, fast detection, and good stability. The signal response and recovery time of IBN gas sensor were 0.5 s and 6 s, respectively, and a good linear relation was 0.050–2.5 μg ml−1 (R
2 = 0.9956) with a low detection limit of 0.015 μg ml−1. Further, the IBN sensor applied in the detection of real samples had satisfactory recoveries (90.0%–108%) with relative standard deviations of 3.2%–6.7%. The developed sensor based on MIL-53(Al)/Sb2SnO5 has great prospects for the practical detection of IBN gas in the fields of environmental analysis, safety monitoring, etc.
A high throughput rapid scanning dispersive spectrometer for longwave infrared absorption spectroscopy
Authors: Butler Austin , Krier Herman , Glumac Nick 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
A rapid-scanning spectrometer was constructed to capture several hundred wavenumber wide spectral scans at greater than 1 kHz repetition rate in the longwave infrared. The system, made from commercial-off-the-shelf components, exceeds scan width and repetition rate limitations present in other infrared diagnostics while maintaining better than 10 cm−1 spectral resolution through its high throughput (f/2) design. Instrument design and construction is discussed in detail, and validation of the spectrometer’s ability to capture time resolved spectra in the 800–1400 cm−1 region at 1.2 kHz was demonstrated through the measurement of organophosphorus chemical nerve agent simulant destruction inside high explosive fireballs.
Modelling and design of low-power, non-conventional current sensors based on smart materials for high-voltage transmission lines
Authors: Nikolic B , Khan S H 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This paper presents a new technique for measurement of current based on magnetic shape memory (MSM) smart alloys. MSM alloys undergo shape changes when exposed to magnetic fields. The non-conventional instrument transformer (NCIT) proposed in this paper utilises this property to measure current. There is a correlation between the magnetic field produced by a current and the shape change of an MSM material (MSM sensor). By exploiting this correlation, we have shown that it is possible to measure alternating currents (a.c.) in high voltage overhead transmission lines. A change in the length of the MSM element causes voltage output in a linear variable differential transducer. The design of the NCIT was optimised for transmission lines. Several designs of its magnetic circuit were simulated using finite element package ANSYS APDL. Several key parameters were investigated to evaluate their effects on the sensitivity of the NCIT. Results are presented as the relationship between the current in the conductor and strain (linear elongation) of the MSM element. A commonly used conductor in high-voltage transmission lines was modelled together with the MSM element and the magnetic circuit. Recommendations have been made on the design of NCITs considering various parameters. In addition, analyses of errors in ANSYS models for the magnetic circuit have been presented. The developed methodology and obtained results are verified by comparing them to the results obtained through an experiment done by a manufacturer of MSM materials.
Mixing effect in Zr–Cu metallic liquids
Authors: Luo Xianan , Kang Heng , Niu Xiaofeng , Qiao Junwei , Song Kaikai , Wang Weimin , Qin Jingyu , Pan Shaopeng 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Understanding the mixing properties of liquids is important to design new materials; however, the mechanism of mixing effect is unclear. In this work, the mixing effect of Zr–Cu metallic liquids has been investigated via molecular dynamics simulations. Various mixing properties including mixing enthalpy, (ΔH
m) mixing volume (ΔV
m), mixing coordination number (ΔZ
m) and mixing diffusion coefficient (ΔD
m) are studied in this work. Remarkably, it is found that all the mixing properties (ΔP
m) can be described by a common equation, ΔP
m = [aP
(T) + bP
(T)* (c
Zr − c
Cu)]*c
Zr*c
Cu. In addition, it is found that all the fitting coefficients of aP
(T) and most of bP
(T) show a quadratic dependence of temperature. Moreover, it is found that ΔH
m, ΔV
m and ΔD
m show linear correlations with each other at high temperatures, revealing close correlation between the thermodynamic and dynamic properties in metallic liquids. Our results are helpful to understand the mixing effects in metallic liquids.
Design and implementation of knee-ankle exoskeleton for energy harvesting and walking assistance
Authors: Chen Bing , Zheng Chengwang , Zi Bin , Zhao Ping 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The increasing requirement of powering portable electronic devices can be potentially met by recycling the biomechanical energy generated during the human joint motion through a knee-ankle exoskeleton. In this paper, a knee-ankle exoskeleton is designed to recycle the negative work from the wearer’s knee extension and ankle dorsiflexion. The exoskeleton can convert the mechanical energy into electrical energy for energy harvesting and assist the knee flexion and ankle plantarflexion to reduce the wearer’s metabolic cost during walking. It is mainly composed of two torsion springs, two one-way transmission mechanisms, a gear train, and a generator. The torsion springs can store the elastic energy when the wearer’s ankle and knee joints do negative work and release it to assist walking when positive work is required. The one-way transmission mechanisms are employed to filter the knee flexion and ankle plantarflexion and to convert the knee extension and ankle dorsiflexion into the one-way rotation of the generator by symmetrically arranging the gear train. Finally, experiments are conducted to evaluate the performance of the developed knee-ankle exoskeleton. The experimental results indicate that the exoskeleton can generate an average electrical power of 0.49 W and a maximum instantaneous electrical power of 1.8 W at a walking speed of 5.5 km h−1 during a gait cycle, and reductions of 3.48% ± 0.33%, 9.50% ± 0.29%, and 4.54% ± 0.47% of the average muscle activities of the semitendinosus, soleus, and gastrocnemius during a gait cycle are observed, respectively.
Comprehensive study on structure, shielding properties of Ga-In-Sn-Bi-Zn alloys: potential use for low energy radiation
Authors: Wu Jiale , Duan Yunbiao , Hu Jin , Zhai Youwen , Wang Zhiyi , Feng Yongjin , Zhao Ziqiang , Fan Hongtao , Zhang Weijun , Wang Kaijun 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Low-melting point Ga-In-Sn-Bi-Zn alloys were prepared using a vacuum melting technique as a novel radiation shielding material. To evaluate the interaction between alloys and photons in the energy range of 1–10000 keV, the WinXCom and Phy-X procedures are used to determine the shielding parameters for the Ga-In-Sn-Bi-Zn alloys, such as the mass attenuation coefficient, linear attenuation coefficient, half-value layer, tenth-value layer, mean free path, effective atomic number. Simultaneously, the energy absorption and exposure buildup factors, fast neutron removal cross section values is also calculated and the comparative lead equivalent (M) and weight reduction over lead for the alloy samples are compared. It is observed that the Ga2In2Sn2Bi3Zn1 alloy have exhibit superior comprehensive radiation attenuation, with a weight reduction of 2.948% compared to lead for the same shielding performance in the 30–90 keV range. After being irradiated by 40 keV He + irradiation system for 120 h, the phase structure of Ga2In2Sn2Bi3Zn1 alloy remained unchanged and that it shows excellent radiation tolerance. Combined with field emission scanning electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis results indicate that Ga2In2Sn2Bi3Zn1 is a eutectic alloy with a five-phase complex-regular structure and a melting point of 66.95 °C. The alloy exhibits excellent fluid compliance in the molten state when blended with polymers to prepare composites. The alloy filler is uniformly and continuously distributed in the polymer matrix, which ensures the reliability of the radiation shielding properties of the composites.