bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anthropometric assessment of microtia patients’ normal ears and discussion on expander selection in auricular reconstruction surgery
Authors: Sun Hefeng , Sun Pengfei , Jiang Haiyue , Yang Qinghua , Li TongTong , Pan Bo 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe tissue expansion technique is the most suitable procedure for Chinese patients with microtia. However, it is difficult to determine whether the expanded flap is sufficient, and there are no clear or objective guidelines for determining the volume of the expander for different sizes of auricles. One hundred patients with unilateral microtia who visited our department in 2021 were randomly selected for auricular data collection using 3D scanning. The auricle length, width, projection, perimeter, and surface area were measured. Eight different volumes of expanders underwent CT and the surface areas of these expanders were measured. The surface areas of the auricles and expanders were compared and the correlation between them was explored. The average auricle parameters were calculated. The scatter plot showed a linear relationship between auricle length and auricle surface area (R2 = 0.9913), which demonstrated that the auricle area was approximately equal to the auricle length multiplied by 76.921. Additionally, the surface area of the expanders was measured and made into a table for selection against the surface area of the auricles. Using our equation, the auricle surface could be estimated by simply measuring the non-defective auricle length; therefore, the suitable volume of the expander could be determined.
Electrochemical properties of a lithium-impregnated metal foam anode (LIMFA FeCrAl) for molten salt thermal batteries
Authors: Choi Yusong , Ahn Tae-Young , Ha Sang-Hyeon , Lee Jae-In , Cho Jang-Hyeon 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAlthough numerous cathode materials with excellent properties have been developed for use in molten salt thermal batteries, similar progress is yet to be made with anode materials. Herein, a high-performance lithium-impregnated metal foam anode (LIMFA) is fabricated by impregnating molten lithium into a gold-coated iron–chrome–aluminium (FeCrAl) foam at 400 °C. A test cell employing the LIMFA FeCrAl anode exhibited a specific capacity of 2627 As g−1. For comparison, a cell with a conventional Li(Si) anode was also discharged, demonstrating a specific capacity of 982 As g−1. This significant improvement in performance can be attributed to the large amount (18 wt%) of lithium incorporated into the FeCrAl foam and the ability of the FeCrAl foam to absorb and immobilize molten lithium without adopting a cup system. For thermal batteries without a cup, the LIMFA FeCrAl provides the highest-reported specific capacity and a flat discharge voltage curve of molten lithium. After cell discharge, the FeCrAl foam exhibited no lithium leakage, surface damage, or structural collapse. Given these advantageous properties, in addition to its high specific capacity, LIMFA FeCrAl is expected to aid the development of thermal batteries with enhanced performance.
Ultra-wideband circularly polarized cavity-backed crossed-dipole antenna
Authors: Fan Jun , Lin Jiangchuan , Cai Jinliang , Qin Feng 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis letter demonstrates an ultra-wideband circularly polarized cavity-backed crossed-dipole antenna. It consists of a modified crossed-dipole and a modified cavity. Each arm of the modified crossed-dipole is mainly made up by the combination of a triangle and a fan-shaped sector, and the arms within the same layer of substrate are connected by a vacant-quarter ring. The modified cavity is composed of a rectangular cavity, four coupled rotated vertical metallic plates, and four sequentially rotated metallic steps. Through combining the modified crossed-dipole and modified cavity together, ultra-wideband characteristics in terms of − 10-dB impedance bandwidth (IBW) and 3-dB axial-ratio bandwidth (ARBW) can be realized. The IBW and ARBW are correspondingly calculated to be 128.9% and 121.2%. The prototype of the proposed antenna was fabricated and measured. The proposed antenna has a compact size of 0.74 λ0 × 0.74 λ0 × 0.17 λ0 (λ0 is the wavelength at the lowest frequency of operation band). The measured IBW and ARBW are 125.2% (1.67–7.26 GHz) and 120.1% (1.79–7.17 GHz), respectively, which are in good agreement with the simulated ones. The proposed antenna has stable radiation patterns in the operation band and exhibits a right-hand circular polarization with a peak gain of 12.2 dBic at 6.7 GHz.
VKORC1 mutations in rodent populations of a tropical city-state as an indicator of anticoagulant rodenticide resistance
Authors: Chua Cliff , Humaidi Mahathir , Neves Erica Sena , Mailepessov Diyar , Ng Lee Ching , Aik Joel 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAnticoagulant rodenticides are commonly used in rodent control because they are economical and have great deployment versatility. However, rodents with Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) mutations within theVkorc1gene are resistant to the effects of anticoagulant rodenticide use and this influences the effectiveness of control strategies that rely on such rodenticides. This study examined the prevalence of rat SNP mutations in Singapore to inform the effectiveness of anticoagulant rodenticide use. A total of 130 rat tail samples, comprising 83Rattus norvegicus(63.8%) and 47Rattus rattuscomplex (36.2%) were conveniently sampled from November 2016 to December 2019 from urban settings and sequenced at exon 3 ofVkorc1. Sequencing analysis revealed 4 synonymous and 1 non-synonymous mutationsin Rattus rattuscomplex samples. A novel synonymous mutation of L108L was identified and not previously reported in other studies. Non-synonymous SNPs were not detected in the notable codons of 120, 128 and 139 inR. norvegicus, where these regions are internationally recognised to be associated with resistance from prior studies. Our findings suggest that the prevalence of anticoagulant rodenticide resistance in Singapore is low. Continued monitoring of rodenticide resistance is important for informing rodent control strategies aimed at reducing rodent-borne disease transmission.
Sex and strategy effects on brain activation during a 3D-navigation task
Authors: Noachtar Isabel , Harris Ti-Anni , Hidalgo-Lopez Esmeralda , Pletzer Belinda 
Published: March 2022

AbstractSex differences in navigation have often been attributed to the use of different navigation strategies in men and women. However, no study so far has investigated sex differences in the brain networks supporting different navigation strategies. To address this issue, we employed a 3D-navigation task during functional MRI in 36 men and 36 women, all scanned thrice, and modeled navigation strategies by instructions requiring an allocentric vs. egocentric reference frame on the one hand, as well as landmark-based vs. Euclidian strategies on the other hand. We found distinct brain networks supporting different perspectives/strategies. Men showed stronger activation of frontal areas, whereas women showed stronger activation of posterior brain regions. The left inferior frontal gyrus was more strongly recruited during landmark-based navigation in men. The hippocampus showed stronger connectivity with left-lateralized frontal areas in women and stronger connectivity with superior parietal areas in men. We discuss these findings in the light of a stronger recruitment of verbal networks supporting a more verbal strategy in women compared to a stronger recruitment of spatial networks supporting a more spatial strategy use in men. In summary, this study provides evidence that different navigation strategies activate different brain areas in men and women.
Single-cell transcriptomics reveals cell-type-specific diversification in human heart failure
Authors: Koenig Andrew L. , Shchukina Irina , Amrute Junedh , Andhey Prabhakar S. , Zaitsev Konstantin , Lai Lulu , Bajpai Geetika , Bredemeyer Andrea , Smith Gabriella , Jones Cameran , Terrebonne Emily , Rentschler Stacey L. , Artyomov Maxim N. , Lavine Kory J. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractHeart failure represents a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Single-cell transcriptomics have revolutionized our understanding of cell composition and associated gene expression. Through integrated analysis of single-cell and single-nucleus RNA-sequencing data generated from 27 healthy donors and 18 individuals with dilated cardiomyopathy, here we define the cell composition of the healthy and failing human heart. We identify cell-specific transcriptional signatures associated with age and heart failure and reveal the emergence of disease-associated cell states. Notably, cardiomyocytes converge toward common disease-associated cell states, whereas fibroblasts and myeloid cells undergo dramatic diversification. Endothelial cells and pericytes display global transcriptional shifts without changes in cell complexity. Collectively, our findings provide a comprehensive analysis of the cellular and transcriptomic landscape of human heart failure, identify cell type-specific transcriptional programs and disease-associated cell states and establish a valuable resource for the investigation of human heart failure.
Coordinate sizing of energy storage and transmission line for a remote renewable power plant
Authors: Xie Rui , Wei Wei , Ge Ming‐Feng , Wu Qiuwei , Mei Shengwei 
Published: March 2022

AbstractTo protect the environment and reduce carbon emissions, renewable power generation has been growing rapidly during the past decade. Renewable energy resources are sometimes far away from the main grid, leading to expensive grid‐connection transmission lines. Deploying on‐site energy storage can smooth the output power and help to reduce the renewable power spillage and the requirement of transmission line capacity. This paper presents a method to coordinately size on‐site energy storage and grid‐connection transmission line for a remote renewable power plant, minimising the total investment cost subject to the constraint of renewable curtailment risk. Through an optimal operation model, the renewable curtailment is proven to be a piecewise affine function of capacity parameters and renewable power generation, and a linear programming‐based algorithm is proposed to generate an approximate expression. A distributionally robust optimisation model is proposed to determine the sizes. The renewable generation uncertainty is modelled by a Wasserstein‐metric‐based ambiguity set containing probability distributions around the empirical distribution constructed from the historical data. The utilisation rate is ensured in the worst‐case distribution. The sizing problem is transformed into a tractable linear program. The case study demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Die Systemtherapie des malignen Melanoms
Authors: Ritter Nathalie , Peeken Lucia , Schultz Erwin S. , Debus Dirk 
Published: March 2022

ZusammenfassungIn den vergangenen 10 Jahren wurde die Systemtherapie des malignen Melanoms durch die Zulassung neuer Substanzen revolutioniert. In der vorliegenden Übersicht werden zunächst die aktuellen adjuvanten Therapiemöglichkeiten beschrieben, anschließend werden der Kenntnisstand zur neoadjuvanten Therapie dargestellt und schließlich die Behandlungsoptionen im inoperablen Stadium beleuchtet.
Endoscopic incision of rectal diverticulum: A case report
Authors: Qiu Yan-Yu , Cheng Yong , Dong Peng , Hu Deng-Hua , Shu Xin-Peng , Wen Guang-Xu 
Published: March 2022

AbstractA 70-year-old woman with a rectal diverticulum presented with anal pendant expansion and difficulty in defecation for more than 1 year. The patient was diagnosed with a rectal diverticulum by pelvic enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computerized tomography (CT), rectal angiography, and colonoscopy. The endoscopic diverticulum incision procedure (EDIP) was implemented with this patient. At the 4-month follow-up, anal pendant expansion and difficulty in defecation were significantly relieved. Furthermore, colonoscopy proved that there were no vestigial feces in the diverticulum.
Stress and Its Consequences—Biological Strain
Authors: Stevenson David K. , Gotlib Ian H. , Buthmann Jessica L. , Marié Ivana , Aghaeepour Nima , Gaudilliere Brice , Angst Martin S. , Darmstadt Gary L. , Druzin Maurice L. , Wong Ronald J. , Shaw Gary M. , Katz Michael 
Published: March 2022

AbstractUnderstanding the role of stress in pregnancy and its consequences is important, particularly given documented associations between maternal stress and preterm birth and other pathological outcomes. Physical and psychological stressors can elicit the same biological responses, known as biological strain. Chronic stressors, like poverty and racism (race-based discriminatory treatment), may create a legacy or trajectory of biological strain that no amount of coping can relieve in the absence of larger-scale socio-behavioral or societal changes. An integrative approach that takes into consideration simultaneously social and biological determinants of stress may provide the best insights into the risk of preterm birth. The most successful computational approaches and the most predictive machine-learning models are likely to be those that combine information about the stressors and the biological strain (for example, as measured by different omics) experienced during pregnancy.
INOVASIA Study: A Multicenter Randomized Clinical Trial of Pravastatin to Prevent Preeclampsia in High-Risk Patients
Authors: Akbar Muhammad Ilham Aldika , Azis Muhammad Alamsyah , Riu Deviana Soraya , Wawengkang Ellen , Ernawati Ernawati , Bachnas Muhammad Adrianes , Sulistyowati Sri , Dachlan Erry Gumilar , Mose Johanes Cornelius , Dekker Gus 
Published: March 2022

Objective Our objective was to determine if treatment with pravastatin prevents preeclampsia in pregnant patients at risk of preeclampsia.
Materials and Methods The study was performed in four major tertiary hospitals in Surabaya, Bandung, and Makassar between 2017 and 2021. Pregnant women at high risk of developing preeclampsia were recruited and randomized into an intervention group and control group. The control group received low-dose aspirin (80 mg) and calcium (1 g) daily, while the intervention group received additional pravastatin (20 mg twice daily) starting from 14 to 20 weeks' gestation until delivery. The pregnancy was followed until delivery, and the clinical data were collected. The primary outcome was the occurrence of preeclampsia.
Result A total of 173 people participated in this study, including 86 in the control group and 87 in the pravastatin group. The pravastatin group had a significantly lower rate of preterm preeclampsia (13.8 vs. 26.7%; p = 0.034; odds ratio [OR] = 0.034, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.202–0.905) and preterm birth (16.1 vs. 36%; p = 0.003; OR = 0.340, 95% CI = 0.165–0.7), mostly indicated preterm birth. Preeclampsia occurred later in the pravastatin group than in the control group (36.39 + 2.32 vs. 34.89 + 3.38 weeks, p = 0.048). Overall, the pravastatin group showed better perinatal outcomes. Neonates with low Apgar scores (<7) at 1 minute (5.7 vs. 25.6%, p = 0.000) and 5 minutes (2.3 vs. 25.6%, p = 0.028) were significantly less common in the pravastatin group. Additionally, the rate of low birthweight babies (<2,500 g) was lower in the pravastatin group (27.6 vs. 40.7%; p = 0.069).
Conclusion Pravastatin (20 mg bid) significantly reduces the risk of preterm preeclampsia and preterm birth in women at a high risk of developing preeclampsia.
Key Points
Clinical Delphi on aPL Negativization: Report from the APS Study Group of the Italian Society for Rheumatology (SIR-APS)
Authors: Sciascia Savino , Foddai Silvia Grazietta , Alessandri Cristiano , Alunno Alessia , Andreoli Laura , Barinotti Alice , Calligaro Antonia , Canti Valentina , Carubbi Francesco , Cecchi Irene , Chighizola Cecillia B. , Conti Fabrizio , Emmi Giacomo , Fioravanti Antonella , Fischetti Fabio , Franceschini Franco , Gerosa Maria , Hoxha Ariela , Larosa Maddalena , Lazzaroni Maria-Grazia , Nalli Cecilia , Pazzola Giulia , Radin Massimo , Raffeiner Bernd , Ramoni Veronique L. , Rubini Elena , Sebastiani Gian Domenico , Truglia Simona , Urban Maria Letizia , Roccatello Dario , Tincani Angela 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background The rate of antiphospholipid antibody (aPL) negativization in antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) patients is uncertain, but it is estimated to be as high as 8%. Currently, a consensus definition of aPL negativization is lacking, as well as international recommendations on how to approach treatment in patients with a persistent aPL-negative seroconversion.
Aim The aim of the Delphi survey was to evaluate the clinical approach and level of consensus among experts from the APS Study Group of the Italian Society for Rheumatology (SIR-APS) in different clinical scenarios.
Methods Experts of SIR-APS were contacted using a survey methodology.
Results A structured survey was circulated among 30 experts. Up to 90% of the interviewed experts agreed on defining aPL negativization as the presence of two negative determinations, 1 year apart (90%). Almost full consensus exists among experts in some clinical settings, including: (1) the role of aPL negativization in the management of a thrombotic event determined by concomitant presence of cardiovascular risk factors, both modifiable and not modifiable (90%); (2) approach to young patients with triple aPL positivity who experienced pulmonary arterial thrombotic events and tested negative for aPL detection after 5 years of vitamin K antagonist (VKA) treatment (90%); (3) the use of “extra criteria” aPL antibody testing before pondering VKA suspension (93%).
Conclusion A substantial agreement exists among experts on how to define aPL negativization. VKA suspension should be embraced with extreme caution, particularly in case of previous thrombotic events and/or triple aPL positivity. Nevertheless, VKA cessation might be considered when risk factors are carefully monitored/treated and the presence of “extra criteria” aPL is ruled out.
Risk Factors for Measles Nonimmunity in Rubella-Immune Pregnant Patients
Authors: Kassir Elias , Holliman Kerry , Negi Masaru , Duong Hai-Lang , Tandel Megha D. , Kwan Lorna , Lee Gwendolyn , Silverman Neil S. , Rao Rashmi R. , Han Christina S. 
Published: March 2022

Objective Measles immunity testing, unlike that for rubella, is not currently part of prenatal screening even though immunity to both is conferred by the measles–mumps–rubella (MMR) vaccine. Although endemic transmission of measles was declared eliminated in the United States in 2001, outbreaks have continued to occur. Given the risks associated with measles infection during pregnancy, we sought to identify risk factors for measles nonimmunity (MNI) in rubella-immune (RI) pregnant individuals.
Methods We performed a retrospective observational cross-sectional study of patients receiving prenatal care and delivering at two university hospitals and a county hospital in Southern California from April 1, 2019 to February 1, 2021. Inclusion criteria were pregnant individuals ≥18 years old who had serological testing for rubella and measles during pregnancy. Demographic data were extracted from electronic medical records, including results of serological testing and chronic medical conditions. All subjects were rubella immune, and we compared measles-immune (MI) with MNI groups.
Results In total, 1,813 RI individuals were identified, with 1,467 (81%) MI and 346 (19%) MNI individuals. Variables associated with an increased risk of MNI included having public health insurance (adjusted relative risk [aRR]: 1.56; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.24, 1.97) and Hispanic ethnicity (aRR: 1.37; 95% CI: 1.06, 1.78). Black race was associated with a decreased risk of MNI (aRR: 0.52; 95% CI: 0.29, 0.91). Birth year before 1989 demonstrated a trend toward increased risk of MNI, but this did not reach statistical significance (aRR 1.23; 95% CI: 1.00, 1.52). No differences were seen between the two groups for medical comorbidities.
Conclusion Our study is the first to demonstrate risk factors for measles MNI in patients with documented rubella immunity. In the absence of universal measles serological screening recommendations, the risk factors identified could help guide clinicians in selective screening for those at risk of needing postpartum MMR vaccination.
Key Points
Global processes of anthropogenesis characterise the early Anthropocene in the Japanese Islands
Authors: Hudson Mark , Uchiyama Junzō , Lindström Kati , Kawashima Takamune , Reader Ian , Kawashima Tinka Delakorda , Martin Danièle , Gillam J. Christoper , Gilaizeau Linda , Bausch Ilona R. , Hoover Kara C. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAlthough many scholars date the onset of the Anthropocene to the Industrial Revolution or the post-1945 ‘Great Acceleration’, there is growing interest in understanding earlier human impacts on the earth system. Research on the ‘Palaeoanthropocene’ has investigated the role of fire, agriculture, trade, urbanisation and other anthropogenic impacts. While there is increasing consensus that such impacts were more important than previously realised, geographical variation during the Palaeoanthropocene remains poorly understood. Here, we present a preliminary comparative analysis of claims that pre-industrial anthropogenic impacts in Japan were significantly reduced by four factors: the late arrival of agriculture, an emphasis on wet-rice farming limited to alluvial plains, a reliance on seafood rather than domesticated animals as a primary source of dietary protein, and cultural ideologies of environmental stewardship. We find that none of these claims of Japanese exceptionalism can be supported by the archaeological and historical records. We make some suggestions for further research but conclude that the Japanese sequence appears consistent with global trends towards increased anthropogenic impacts over the course of the Palaeoanthropocene.
Possible quantum phase transition in partially Cu-doped ZrNi2-xCuxGa Heusler alloys
Authors: Khan Mahmud , Stillwell Kyra , Reese Brandon , Bhatt Subhash , Pathak Arjun K. 
Published: March 2022

We have studied the magneto-transport properties of a series of ZrNi2-xCuxGa compounds. For all Cu concentration (x ≤ 0.5) the samples exhibited the L21 cubic structure at room temperature and demonstrated superconductivity below 2 K. A superconducting phase transition temperature of as low as ∼1 K and a critical magnetic field of 1.78 T was observed in the system. A linear extrapolation of TC to T = 0 highly indicated that a stoichiometry-dependent superconducting quantum phase transition may occur in ZrNi2-xCuxGa at xc = 0.90.