bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PRELIMINARY INFORMATION ABOUT THE FOUNDRY OF THE RESIDENTS OF SHYRIAEVE HILLFORT
Authors: Karavaiko D. V. 
Published: June 2022

The Shyriaeve hillfort has been permanently explored for 5 years. Сonsidering the excavations of the late 1940s and 1950s, the total excavation area reaches 556 m2. The period of existence of the fortified settlement covers the late 6th—4th centuries BC. As a result of recent work, three chronological horizons have been distinguished. The spectacular material is obtained which allows us to get closer to the characteristics of different aspects of life of ancient inhabitants.
One of the least studied cases is the degree of development of the bronze foundry. The information available today allows us to describe this craft in general terms and draw preliminary conclusions.
Copper and (or) bronze were imported goods. Finds of the fragments of amphorae, glass beads and cowrie shells should be included in the category of other imported items. Exchange links with the neighbors have been established but the extent of their intensity remains unclear.
The consequence of activities of local craftsmen are the findings of clay tapholes and crucibles. Other tools, including chisels, are made of iron. There is no complete certainty about its use by artisans — foundries, because such things were multifunctional.
Other finds include the bronze or copper bars which were commodity ingots, in the primary raw material for smelting various products. Craftsmen also used colored scrap metal in the form of various plates and fragments of objects.
Indisputable evidence of local production is its remnants in the form of splashes. The conducted analyzes with care allow to assume smelting of copper from ore directly within the settlement.
The ways of getting copper ore (bronze) and a number of other things to the Shyriaeve hillfort have not been clarified yet. It is possible to assume that the main importer was the hillfort of Basivka — the central point of the Sula river basin. To date there is little material for a full analysis of the foundry of the residents of the Shyriaeve hillfort. Its study has just begun.
Droits culturels
Authors: Lucas Jean-Michel 
Published: June 2022

Les droits culturels se voient parfois reprocher un relativisme culturel, une forme de nivellement où « toutes les cultures se valent » émanant d’une définition « anthropologique » très large. C’est vite oublier, explique ici Jean-Michel Lucas, que la culture, au sens des droits culturels, est avant tout une « relation d’humanité » qui veille à respecter les valeurs universelles des droits de l’homme.
L’injonction ou l’injection ?
Authors: Legrand Julia 
Published: June 2022

Cet article montre que dans un contexte de « pénurie de lits » qui impose la sortie rapide des patients de l’hôpital psychiatrique, l’observance médicamenteuse des patients s’obtient surtout par l’injonction médicale. Au contraire, la prise en charge hors de l’hôpital repose sur un recours massif aux injections de médicaments, une action chimique sur le corps – via le recours des substances à diffusion prolongée, qui font effet durant plusieurs semaines. Enfin, la prise médicamenteuse, parce qu’elle se situe à la jonction entre la contrainte et le consentement, permet de mieux comprendre les reconfigurations contemporaines du pouvoir psychiatrique – et leurs effets.
Discipliner le prescripteur médical (Allemagne, fin du XIX e -fin du XX e siècle)
Authors: Kessel Nils 
Published: June 2022

Au cœur de cet article se trouve la manifestation matérielle de la prescription, l’ordonnance médicale. En Allemagne, elle prend la forme d’un formulaire électroniquement lisible et traçable. En étudiant son émergence et son évolution peu linéaire au cours du siècle dernier, l’article propose une lecture alternative aux récits des modernisations technologique et politique dans le domaine de la santé. Il souligne l’intérêt que peut avoir une approche par les « technologies de papier » pour l’étude des systèmes de santé.
Le rôle du retour d’expérience dans la « gamification » des campagnes de crowdsourcing
Authors: Siala Chaïma , Amine Abdelmajid 
Published: June 2022

Cette recherche s’attache à comprendre le rôle joué par le type et le moment d’émission du feedback lors des opérations de crowdsourcing dans l’implication des participants dans l’activité de co-création et dans leur engagement envers la plateforme. Les résultats d’une étude qualitative menée auprès de participants à des campagnes de crowdsourcing compétitif, montrent d’une part, que le manque de feedback d’apprentissage ou de motivation au début du concours agit comme un inhibiteur des possibilités d’amélioration des idées ; et d’autre part, que l’incomplétude du feedback sur les critères de sélection des idées gagnantes en fin de concours provoque de la frustration chez les participants et favorise, en cas de perte, leur défection de la plateforme. Codes JEL : O360
Comparison of two schedules of hypo-fractionated radiotherapy in locally advanced head-and-neck cancers
Authors: Adlakha Pramila , Maheshwari Guncha , Dhanawat Aditya , Sinwer Rajesh , Singhal Mukesh , Jakhar Shankar Lal , Sharma Neeti , Kumar Harvindra Singh 
Published: June 2022

Aim:
In India, more than 70% patients present as locally advanced head-and-neck cancers (LAHNC), with poor performance status and are suitable candidates for palliative radiotherapy (RT) aimed at symptom relief. This prospective study aims to compare two different short course hypo-fractionated RT regimens in patients of LAHNC at a regional cancer centre of north-west India.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 70 patients of LAHNC were randomized to receive palliative RT in two groups of 35 each. Group A received 30 Gy/10# over 2 weeks and Group B received 20 Gy/5# over 1 week. Baseline symptoms of pain, dysphagia, insomnia, dysphonia, bleeding, fungation, and dyspnea were assessed before the start of study. The first assessment for toxicities, subjective and objective response was done at the conclusion of RT and then after 4–6 weeks.

Results:
Out of total 70 patients, 71% were males and 29% were females with a median age of 54 years. The most common sites were oropharynx (39%) followed by larynx (24%), oral cavity (20%), and hypopharynx (17%). Nearly 60% of the patients in both groups presented in stage IV and 40% in stage III. At conclusion of RT and at 4–6 weeks follow-up, both groups showed similar results in terms of symptom palliation, objective response, and acute toxicities. Group B showed higher incidence of Grade III and above mucositis (P = 0.027). Median overall survival was found to be 5.9 months (range 1–15 months) in group A and 6.1 months (range 1–18 months) in Group B.

Conclusion:
Hypo-fractionated RT promises to effectively relieve symptoms in LAHNC and reduces the need of analgesics and hospital visits. Furthermore, a shorter overall treatment time is beneficial at high volume centers and is also welcomed by patients with shorter life expectancy.
Community mapping of COVID-19 cases admitted from April to June 2020 at a tertiary health care hospital in Raigad district in Maharashtra, India
Authors: Jadhav Saili , Waingankar Prasad , Thakur Mansee 
Published: June 2022

Introduction:
At end of 2019, a novel coronavirus caused severe acute respiratory syndrome, which emerged in Wuhan, Hubei province of China. Health professionals have always used conventional mapping (in recent times geographic information systems [GIS] mapping) as a useful tool for better tracking which further facilitated better management of deadly contagions such as SARS-CoV 2. This study aimed to map geographically the positive patients admitted in a dedicated COVID-19 hospital which is a tertiary care hospital from April to June 2020 to gain insight into the local viral transmission and pattern of geographical spread because of ongoing cluster transmission.

Objectives:
The aims of this study were (1) to locate geographically the COVID-19 cases admitted from April to June 2020 at a tertiary health-care facility, (2) to study trends and patterns of geographical spread, and (3) to identify geographical clustering of cases, if any.

Materials and Methods:
This was an observational, cross-sectional, secondary data-based study. The study was conducted at MGM Medical College Hospital, Kamothe. The data were collected from existing surveillance and lab data records. The data were analyzed in Excel and Epi info. Specialized GIS software was used for mapping to Taluka level based on patients’ addresses using standard “.shp” files for the local area.

Results:
There were a total of 968 cases. The majority of which were from Raigad district (839, 87%). The Panvel taluka in Raigad District having Panvel as a major city and the thickly populated urban area has shown clustering of cases extending to neighboring Uran taluka.

Conclusion:
For better preparedness, we need to keep tracking new outbreaks through GIS and promote further advances in mapping technologies.
Correlation of biomarkers and radiological findings among COVID-19 patients
Authors: Kumar Subbarao Anil , Shyam Karthik , Kulkarni Shruthi 
Published: June 2022

Introduction:
The severity of COVID-19 is classified based on clinical, laboratory, and radiology characteristics. Although chest X-ray (CXR) is not sensitive in early stage disease, it can be useful in assessing the rapid progression of lung abnormalities in COVID-19. While CXR findings correlate with the severity of the disease, computed tomography (CT) scans of the chest are widely and repeatedly done. As it exposes the patient to a large dose of radiation and risks the spread of infection to other patients, it is worthwhile to explore the utility of CXR to overcome the above problem, especially in resource-poor settings.

Materials and Methods:
Inpatients with reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)-positive COVID-19 irrespective of severity, admitted in the COVID wards from June to September 2020, were included in a retrospective study. CXR done at admission was scored for radiological severity of COVID-19 by an independent radiologist, unaware of the clinical/laboratory parameters of patients. It was then co-related with clinical severity and standard biomarkers at admission.

Results:
We studied 400 patients, the mean age (SD) was 53.69 (15.43) years, 268 (67%) were males, the majority of them were symptomatic (95%), 192 (48%) had severe disease, and 238 (59.5%) patients had co-morbidities. Receiver-operating curve (ROC) for CXR severity score showed a threshold of 3.5 to predict severe COVID, which had a positive predictive value of 71% and a negative predictive value of 73%. Using Pearson’s correlation coefficient, CXR severity scores significantly correlated with the clinical severity and standard biomarkers.

Conclusion:
With the overwhelming number of COVID-19 patients burdening the healthcare system, monitoring of the severity of the disease can be achieved with regular clinical assessment and laboratory parameters with limited radiation exposure, avoiding repeated CT scans, especially in resource-poor settings.
Estimation of maternal mortality ratio with sisterhood method in six local government areas of Oyo State, Nigeria
Authors: Onoja Ali J. , Sanni Felix O. , Akogu Simon P. O. , Onoja Sheila I. , Adamu Imam , Yaaba Yakubu O. 
Published: June 2022

Background:
The reduction of maternal mortality rate has been the top priority of global health, yet its persistently high rate in Africa is a severe issue that requires the attention of both the individual and policymakers.

Objective:
To determine the maternal mortality rate by applying the sisterhood method in six local government areas in Oyo State.

Materials and Methods:
The indirect sisterhood method was used to collect data concerning maternal mortality. For study purposes, the data were collected from women in the reproductive age group between 15 and 49 years using a structured questionnaire. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 25.0 software was used for analyzing the collected data.

Results:
It has been observed that the average maternal mortality rate in the six local government areas was 489/100,000 live births ranging from 346 to 756/100,000 live births. The highest maternal mortality rate was found in Iseyin local government area (756/100,000 live births), followed by 586/100,000 from Saki, 444 from Ibadan North, 430 from Ogbomosho, 374 from Atiba, and the least value of 346/100,000 live births in Ibadan North local government area.

Conclusion:
The maternal mortality rate has been found lower than the previous studies but still unacceptably high, especially among adolescents aged 15–39 years. Therefore, it is advocated that policymakers employ appropriate interventions such as the release of more funds for standard family planning and childbirth spacing programs to minimize maternal mortality in the state.
The Success of Dorsal Onlay Buccal Mucosal Graft Urethroplasty in Challenging Urethral Stricture Cases After Multiple Failed Urethrotomies
Authors: Ozturk SA , Guzel A , Ergun O 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Urethroplasty is the gold standard treatment procedure for male patients with urethral stricture and is becoming increasingly popular among urologists worldwide. Procedure success rates have risen with increased experience.

Aims:
Here we aimed to examine the results of urethroplasty in challenging cases of urethral stricture and its effect on sexual function.

Patients and Methods:
Data were collected retrospectively from the patients who had undergone urethroplasty after multiple failed direct vision internal urethrotomy (DVIUs) from 2017 to 2020. All patients were monitored for a minimum of 12 months. Outcomes of urethroplasty were analyzed according to stricture location, length, and the number of prior DVIUs. Penile length and sensation, erectile, and ejaculatory function of the patients were evaluated pre- and postoperatively.

Results:
The patient cohort consisted of 36 males with a mean age of 63 ± 3.2 years. The most prevalent stricture etiology was iatrogenic (83%). Patients who underwent three or more DVIUs before urethroplasty and stricture length >4 cm were included in the analysis. Accordingly, the overall success rate was 83% (30/36). When the success rate and the IIEF5 scores were assessed separately, there was no significant relationship between the number of DVIUs (P > 0.05). Similarly, no significant relationship was also found with the stricture length (P > 0.05).

Conclusion:
Appropriate and correctly applied surgical technique does not impair sexual activity, even in patients with severe urethral stricture, regardless of the length or location of the stricture and the number of prior endoscopic procedures.
Impact of the Individual Counseling Program for Polycystic Ovarya Syndrome Management Among University Students
Authors: Dilek O , Senay UA , Fatih C 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is common in women of reproductive age.

Aim:
This study aimed to investigate the impact of individual counseling program which had been designed from the transtheoretical model (TM) for students diagnosed with PCOS.

Patients and Methods:
The study is a prospective randomized controlled trial. The research was carried out in four stages as screening, diagnosis, randomization, selection, and counseling. The data for the analysis were drawn from a sample of 854 students at first and a total of 67 students were administered the scales. The control (n = 33) and experimental groups (n = 34) were formed based on the simple randomization technique. The sample characteristics were voluntary participation, absence of sexual activity for a minimum of 6 months, belonging to the age group of 19–24, an absence of chronic diseases or any physical disability, and a lack of mental disorders. Participants using medication and obtaining scores of above/below 18.5 and below/above 30 on the body mass index (BMI) were not included in the study.

Results:
The prevalence of PCOS among university students was found to be 8.8%. The findings indicated that the majority of the students have been experiencing various physical symptoms such as being overweight, menstrual irregularity, hirsutism, alopecia, acne, and psychological symptoms such as uneasiness, irritability, anger, anxiety, and fatigue. Based on the pretest and posttest scores, it was observed that the anthropometric values and psychological indicators such as the feeling of uneasiness, irritability, anger, anxiety, and fatigue were significantly decreased in the group of PCOS that took the counseling program.

Conclusions:
Individual counseling improved the anthropometric measurements and the clinical findings related to PCOS.
Borderline Amniotic Fluid Index in Nigerian Pregnant Women is Associated with Worse Fetal Outcomes
Authors: Aramabi EO , Ebeigbe PN , Ogbeide AO , Onyemesili CJ 
Published: June 2022

Background:
The amniotic fluid index (AFI) is one of the parameters used to assess fetal well-being and predict perinatal outcomes. There is, however, a dearth of studies on the pregnancy outcomes of women with borderline AFI in Nigerian and African women.

Aim:
To compare the pregnancy outcomes of Nigerian women with borderline and normal amniotic fluid index.

Subjects and Methods:
This was a prospective cohort study conducted at two health facilities in Delta State, Southern Nigeria. A total of 114 pregnant women attending the antenatal clinics with singleton pregnancies at gestational age 37 to 41 + 6 weeks were recruited over a 5-month period. Fifty-seven subjects with borderline amniotic fluid index were matched with an equal number of subjects with the normal amniotic fluid index for gestational age, age of the parturient, and parity. These women were followed up till delivery, and pregnancy outcomes were determined. The data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22 software.

Results:
The results showed that borderline amniotic fluid index was associated with increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes including intrapartum fetal distress, Appearance, Pulse, Grimace, Activity, and Respiration (Apgar) score <7 in 5 min, and birthweight <2.5 kg, and these were statistically significant (P = 0.04, 0.01, and 0.04, respectively).

Conclusions:
Borderline AFI is associated with an increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes in low-risk Nigerian women.
The Relationship of Psychological Status and Sociodemographic Factors with Bruxism Among Undergraduate Dental Students
Authors: Kaya M , Köroğlu A , Şahin O 
Published: June 2022

Background:
Although its etiology is not fully known, the accepted view is that bruxism is a multifactorial disorder.

Aims:
This study aims to evaluate the prevalance of self-reported bruxism and to investigate its relationship with psychological and sociodemographical factors amongst undergraduate dental students in Zonguldak, Turkey.

Subjects and Methods:
250 dental students were asked to fill the bruxism questionnaire – to detect the prevelance of bruxism; personal information form – to determine sociodemographic variables; and symptom checklist-90-R (SCL-90-R) – to asses psychological state. Data were analyzed statistically by Kolmogorov Smirnov, Shapiro Wilk, Mann Whitney U, and Kruskal Wallis tests through Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) program.

Results:
The prevalance of self-reported bruxism was 40%. 46% of the students showed higher levels of psychological symptoms. SCL-90-R subscales showed statistically significant differences in students with bruxism compared to those without bruxism (P < 0.05). It was observed that bruxism was associated with gender (P < 0.05) and both bruxism and psychological symptom levels were statistically higher in females (P < 0.05).

Conclusions:
The findings revealed that, although bruxism was common among dental students, gender and psychosocial factors are also mostly associated with the etiology of bruxism. In this context, during the challenging dentistry education period, it is important to direct students who are found to have high levels of psychological symptoms to psychological counseling and guidance services.
PENGARUH KOTORAN AYAM DAN DEDAK PADI DENGAN PERSENTASE YANG BERBEDA TERHADAP PERTAMBAHAN POPULASI CACING TANAH (Lumbricus rubellus)
Authors: Syahputra Mhd Wahyu , Syafitri Emmy , Afriani Dwi Tika 
Published: June 2022

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan 12 Febuari – 28 Maret 2022, bertempat di Labolatorium Basah Universitas Dharmawangsa Medan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kotoran ayam dan dedak padi dengan persentase yang berbeda terhadap pertambahan populasi cacing tanah (Lumbricus rubellus). Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah menggunakan metode Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan empat perlakuan dan tiga ulangan. Perlakuan yang di jadikan penelitian yaitu : P1: menggunakan 100% tanah sebagai kontrol, P2: menggunakan tanah 50% + kotoran ayam 50%, P3: mengunakan tanah 50% + dedak padi 50%, P4: menggunakan tanah 65% kotoran ayam 25% + dedak padi 10% dengan jumlah cacing tanah sebanyak 40 ekor/wadah. Hasil penelitian ini adalah pertambahan populasi cacing tanah (Lumbricus rubellus) terhadpat pengaruh kotoran ayam dan dedak padi dengan presentasi yang berbeda yang dilaksanakan selama 42 hari yang terbaik terdapat pada perlakuan P3 yaitu dengan rata-rata kokon 26,67 butir, juvenil 29,33 ekor dan immature 9,67 ekor, kemudian yang terbnyak kedua yaitu pada perlakuan P1 yaitu dengan rata-rata kokon 19,33 butir, juvenil 21,33 ekor dan immature 5,67 ekor, dan yang paling sedikit yaitu tidak ada pertambahan populasi pada perlakukan P2 dan P4 karena induk hanya mampu bertahan hidup pada media selama 10 hari tanpa mengasilkan kokon.
Proposal for a public management model to improve job performance in directors of UGEL Bagua schools
Authors: Carranza Guevara Rosas , Vilca Tantapoma Manuel Eduardo , Carril Verastegui Benjamin David , Valentin Puma Manuel Tiberio 
Published: June 2022

This research proposes a public management model that improves the work performance of the executives of the initial education organizations of the UGEL Bagua. Being explanatory in nature with a quantitative approach, with a non-experimental cross-sectional design. The questionnaire with a Likert scale was used on a sample of 40 managers. Pointing out that according to the dimension of management of conditions for the improvement of learning (47.5%) and the dimension of the orientation of the pedagogical processes for the improvement of learning (57.5%) they were found at a good level. A conclusion is that it is important to apply the public administrative model to optimize work performance, with uniform, democratic criteria that are agreed upon for the performance of management and academic activities in all educational organizations at the initial level, thus allowing the improvement of work performance.
Keywords: Public management, educational institutions, work performance, pedagogical processes.
Development of technology transfer in Mexican MSMEs
Authors: Huerta Mora Ibis Rafael , Dolores Ruiz Erika , Salazar Gomez Julio Fernando , Valdivia Rivera Maria de Jesus 
Published: June 2022

The edaphic conditions together with climate change have affected the productivity levels of the Mexican field, for which the habanero harvest in greenhouses has become an option, however, large losses are generated in the harvest due to a representative volume of third-quality product. The objective of this work is to develop a production model for third-quality habanero sauces at the MSMEs level for regional development. The construction of the model consisted of making physicochemical tests, bromatological properties, determination of humidity, and sensory analysis based on the NMX-F-377-1986 standard, the results show a standardized process at the industrial level based on Mexican quality standards to be replicated at the MSMEs level, concluding that it is feasible to apply a process based on norms and standards, using third quality products to obtain a product with added value and at an affordable price.
Keywords: Production chain, habanero sauce, regional development, MSMEs.