bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictors of mortality in immunocompromised children with respiratory infections
Authors: Sutrisna Lea , Triasih Rina , Laksanawati Ida Safitri 
Published: September 2022

Background Respiratory infection is a common morbidity and a major cause of mortality in immunocompromised children. Hence, identification of clinical parameters that predict mortality among immunocompromised children with respiratory infections is of importance to provide timely and appropriate intervention.
Objective To determine predictors of mortality in immunocompromised children with respiratory infections.
Methods We conducted a prospective cohort study of immunocompromised children aged 18 years or younger with respiratory tract infections who were admitted to Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. All eligible children were prospectively followed up until hospital discharge. Clinical and laboratory parameters during the first 24 hours of hospitalization were collected.
Results Of 79 eligible children, the overall mortality was 11 subjects (13.9%). Fever, tachycardia, tachypnea, cyanosis, leukopenia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, and pleural effusion were predictive factors of mortality in bivariate analysis (P<0.25). A logistic regression model showed that neutropenia (absolute neutrophil count <125/mm3) and tachycardia were the best independent predictors of mortality in immunocompromised children with respiratory infections. The children with tachycardia had 15.8 times higher probability of mortality (95%CI 5.0 to 4.4) and those with neutropenia had 8.24 times higher probability of mortality. Cyanosis and pleural effusion were also independent mortality predictors.
Conclusion The risk of mortality is significantly increased in immunocompromised children with respiratory infection when tachycardia and neutropenia are also present.
Infeksi Tuberkulosis Laten pada Anak: Diagnosis dan Tatalaksana
Authors: Kaswandani Nastiti , Jasin Madeleine Ramdhani , Nugroho Gufron 
Published: September 2022

Infeksi laten tuberkulosis (ILTB) adalah keadaan respons imun persisten terhadap antigen Mycobacterium tuberculosis tanpa bukti manifestasi klinis tuberkulosis aktif. Anak-anak lebih mudah terinfeksi dan menjadi penderita tuberkulosis (TB) aktif dibandingkan orang dewasa setelah kontak erat dengan pasien TB aktif. Masa inkubasi TB bervariasi selama 2-12 minggu, biasanya 4-8 minggu. Investigasi kontak dan penegakan diagnosis ILTB harus dilakukan pada anak yang memiliki risiko tinggi terinfeksi, yaitu memiliki kontak erat dengan penderita TB aktif, dengan HIV, serta dengan kondisi imunokompromais lainnya. Pengobatan pencegahan ILTB bertujuan mencegah anak yang terinfeksi M.tuberculosis berkembang menjadi tuberkulosis aktif. Pedoman WHO yang kemudian diadopsi oleh Petunjuk Teknis Penanganan Infeksi Laten Tuberkulosis Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia tahun 2020 memberikan rekomendasi pemberian terapi pencegahan tuberkulosis yang terdiri dari beberapa pilihan obat dan durasi pemberian, antara lain isoniazid selama 6 bulan, isoniazid – rifampisin selama 3 bulan, isoniazid - rifapentin sekali sepekan dalam 3 bulan, atau rifampisin selama 4 bulan. Diagnosis dini dan pemberian terapi pencegahan yang cepat penting untuk menurunkan kejadian TB aktif sehingga visi pemberantasan TB dunia pada tahun 2050 bisa tercapai.
Perencanaan Tata Guna Lahan Dalam Pembangunan di Indonesia
Authors: Asrida Tities 
Published: September 2022

Resistensi pembangunan merupakan polemik yang senantiasa bergulir di dalam masyarakat. Resistensi ini dipicu dari ketidaksetujuan masyarakat terhadap kebijakan pembangunan yang dibuat oleh Pemerintah. Untuk menanggulangi permasalahan tersebut perlu ditinjau dari aspek filosofi dan konsep kebijakan pemanfaatan tanah untuk kepentingan rakyat, hakikat peran Negara sebagai pemegang kewenangan pengelolaan tanah, serta urgensi perencanaan tataguna lahan. Konsep pemanfaatan tanah untuk kepentingan rakyat juga didukung dengan adanya konsep negara kesejahteraan atau dapat disebut juga sebagai konsepsi Pancasila. Konsepsi Pancasila menitikberatkan pada keadilan sosial yang dalam konteks ini terwujud dalam fungsi sosial tanah. Untuk mencapai tujuan keadilan sosial tersebut perlu adanya perhatian lebih dari Pemerintah serta dukungan dari masyarakat terutama dalam hal perencanaan tataguna lahan untuk pembangunan.Kata kunci: Pembangunan, Tataguna Lahan, Kesejahteraan Rakyat.
Pengaturan Perlindungan Hukum dan Pengakuan Terhadap Masyarakat Adat Terkait Resistensi Pembangunan (Studi Kasus Masyarakat Adat Tobelo, Halmahera, Maluku Utara)
Authors: Siringoringo Valeri M.P 
Published: September 2022

Dalam tulisan ini penulis mencoba menganalisa peraturan perundang-undangan di Indonesia yang mengatur mengenai perlindungan hukum dan pengakuan terhadap masyarakat adat. Berdasarkan hal itu, penulis melakukan pengkajian tentang “Pengaturan Perlindungan Hukum dan Pengakuan Terhadap Masyarakat Adat Terkait Resitensi Pembangunan” (studi kasus masyarakat adat Tobelo, Halmahera, Maluku Utara). Tipe penelitian menggunakan yuridis normatif dengan sifat deskriptif analitis melalui pendekatan perundang-undangan dengan menggunakan alat pengumpul data studi kepustakaan untuk memperoleh data sekunder yang bersumber dari bahan hukum primer. Saat ini, Indonesia telah menaruh perhatian dan melakukan upaya dalam hal perlindungandan pengakuan hak masyarakat adat dilihat dari adanya pengaturan tentang hal tersebut dalam beberapa undang-undang. Namun hal tersebut justru menimbulkan ketidakpastian dan kurangnya kesesuaian antara satu undang-undang dengan undang-undang lain yang menimbulkan kerancuan untuk berlakunya asas lex specialis bila terdapat 2 (dua) undang-undang khusus.Contoh UndangUndang Kehutanan Nomor 41 Tahun 1999 mengenai Hak Ulayat dan Hak-hak Perseorangan Atas Tanah dan Sumber Daya Alam belum sepenuhnya sesuai dengan apa yang terdapat di dalam UndangUndang Pokok Agraria (UUPA) Nomor 5 Tahun 1960 yang sudah berlaku sebelumnya. UUPA pada dasarnya memberikan pengakuan hutan adat (tanah ulayat) sebagai bagian dari Kawasan Hutan Negara dengan syarat keberadaan hak ulayat tersebut memang menurut kenyataannya masih ada dan dalam pelaksanaannya harus sesuai dengan kepentingan nasional dan tidak boleh bertentangan dengan undang-undang dan peraturan perundang-undangan yang lebih tinggi.Sedangkan dalam UUPA, tanah ulayat merupakan hak milik yang tidak berada dalam kawasan hutan negara.Hak milik ini dikenal dengan hak lama yang berasal dari hak adat dengan pengakuan Pemerintah. Perbedaan konsep penguasaan/ kepemilikan hutan adat/ tanah ulayat masih juga hadir dalam Undang-Undang Kehutanan.Ketidakpastian pengaturan inilah yang akhirnya berdampak pada kejelasan pengakuan dan perlindungan masyarakat adat seperti halnya suku Tobelo yang wilayah adatnya dipakai untuk menjadi taman nasional dan dilarang berburu dan mencari makanan di wilayah tersebut yang menimbulkan berbagai resistensi terhadap pembangunan dari masyarakat.Kata kunci : pengaturan, perlindungan, hak hak masyarakat adat, resistensi.
Peran Tenaga Kerja Indonesia dalam Pembangunan Ekonomi Nasional
Authors: Indriani Maulida 
Published: September 2022

Pembangunan nasional dilaksanakan dalam rangka pembangunan manusia Indonesia seutuhnya dan pembangunan masyarakat Indonesia seluruhnya untuk mewujudkan masyarakat yang sejahtera, adil, makmur, yang merata, baik materiil maupun spiritual berdasarkan Pancasila dan Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945. Dalam pelaksanaan pembangunan nasional, tenaga kerja mempunyai peranan dan kedudukan yang sangat penting sebagai pelaku dan tujuan pembangunan dimana bahwa sesuai dengan peranan dan kedudukan tenaga kerja tersebut, diperlukan pembangunan ketenagakerjaan untuk meningkatkan kualitas tenaga kerja dan peran sertanya dalam pembangunan serta peningkatan perlindungan tenaga kerja dan keluarganya sesuaidengan harkat dan martabat kemanusiaan. Perlindungan terhadap tenaga kerja dimaksudkan untuk menjamin hak-hak dasar pekerja atau buruh dan menjamin kesamaan kesempatan serta perlakuan tanpa diskriminasi atas dasar apapun untuk mewujudkan kesejahteraan pekerja atau buruh dan keluarganya dengan tetap memperhatikan perkembangan kemajuan dunia usaha. Namun permasalahan yang dihadapi Indonesia sampai saat ini adalah masih banyaknya penduduk usia kerja (produktif) yang belum atau tidak memiliki pekerjaan sehingga tentunya hal tersebut dapat mempengaruhi terhadap pembangunan nasional. Mengingat tenaga kerja merupakan salah satu unsur penting dalam pembangunan Indonesia.Kata Kunci : Pembangunan nasional, Tenaga Kerja
Use of a novel “Split” ventilation system in bench and porcine modeling of acute respiratory distress syndrome
Authors: Geoghegan Pierce , Clarke Jennifer , Hogan Grace , Keogh Aoife , Marsh Hannah , Donnelly Karen , McEvoy Natalie , Doolan Aoife , Madden Stephen F. , Martin‐Loeches Ignacio , Power Michael , Laffey John G. , Curley Gerard F. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSplit ventilation (using a single ventilator to ventilate multiple patients) is technically feasible. However, connecting two patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and differing lung mechanics to a single ventilator is concerning. This study aimed to: (1) determine functionality of a split ventilation system in benchtop tests, (2) determine whether standard ventilation would be superior to split ventilation in a porcine model of ARDS and (3) assess usability of a split ventilation system with minimal specific training. The functionality of a split ventilation system was assessed using test lungs. The usability of the system was assessed in simulated clinical scenarios. The feasibility of the system to provide modified lung protective ventilation was assessed in a porcine model of ARDS (n = 30). In bench testing a split ventilation system independently ventilated two test lungs under conditions of varying compliance and resistance. In usability tests, a high proportion of naïve operators could assemble and use the system. In the porcine model, modified lung protective ventilation was feasible with split ventilation and produced similar respiratory mechanics, gas exchange and biomarkers of lung injury when compared to standard ventilation. Split ventilation can provide some elements of lung protective ventilation and is feasible in bench testing and an in vivo model of ARDS.
Fast inference methods for high-dimensional factor copulas
Authors: Verhoijsen Alex , Krupskiy Pavel 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Gaussian factor models allow the statistician to capture multivariate dependence between variables. However, they are computationally cumbersome in high dimensions and are not able to capture multivariate skewness in the data. We propose a copula model that allows for arbitrary margins, and multivariate skewness in the data by including a non-Gaussian factor whose dependence structure is the result of a one-factor copula model. Estimation is carried out using a two-step procedure: margins are modelled separately and transformed to the normal scale, after which the dependence structure is estimated. We develop an estimation procedure that allows for fast estimation of the model parameters in a high-dimensional setting. We first prove the theoretical results of the model with up to three Gaussian factors. Then, simulation results confirm that the model works as the sample size and dimensionality grow larger. Finally, we apply the model to a selection of stocks of the S&P500, which demonstrates that our model is able to capture cross-sectional skewness in the stock market data.
Invertible matrices over some quotient rings: identification, generation, and analysis
Authors: Vysotskaya Viktoriya V. , Vysotsky Lev I. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
We study matrices over quotient rings modulo univariate polynomials over a two-element field. Lower bounds for the fraction of the invertible matrices among all such matrices of a given size are obtained. An efficient algorithm for calculating the determinant of matrices over these quotient rings and an algorithm for generating random invertible matrices (with uniform distribution on the set of all invertible matrices) are proposed and analyzed. An effective version of the latter algorithm for quotient rings modulo polynomials of form x

r
− 1 is considered and analyzed. These methods may find practical applications for generating keys of cryptographic schemes based on quasi-cyclic codes such as LEDAcrypt.
Computation of distributions of statistics by means of Markov chains
Authors: Zubkov Andrei M. , Filina M. V. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
An approach to the construction of efficient algorithms for the exact computation of distributions of statistics by means of the Markov chains is described. The Pearson statistic, the number of empty cells for random allocations of particles, and the Kolmogorov – Smirnov statistic are considered as examples. Possibilities of extending the approach are discussed, in particular to the computation of the joint distributions of statistics.
Energy-saving intelligent manufacturing optimization scheme for new energy vehicles
Authors: Zeng Xianjun , Sun Xiuqian , Zhao Fei 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
With the rapid development of the automobile industry in recent years, China has become a big country of automobile production and consumption. The development of China’s auto industry is currently at an important turning point, and accelerating the development of new energy vehicles has become a major national strategic measure. This research mainly discusses the energy-saving intelligent manufacturing optimization scheme of new energy vehicles. With the rapid growth of the global car ownership, from the perspective of sustainable development, the automobile industry must solve the four major automobile public hazards in the world: energy, pollution, safety and congestion. In view of this, the state regards energy-saving and new energy vehicles as the main strategic direction for the transformation and upgrading of China’s automobile industry. This paper uses industrial engineering theory and lean management concept, and through the application of new intelligent manufacturing mode, realizes the design and manufacture of energy-saving and new energy vehicle lightweight body, and creates a reliable, comprehensive and feasible manufacturing collaborative management MES platform. It solves the problem of integration and interconnection of enterprise information platforms, realizes the intelligence and flexibility of stamping and welding automated production lines, shortens the development cycle, and meets the diverse needs of products. The first is to organize research on lean production theory, analyze the scope of application of theoretical tools, summarize theoretical tools suitable for lightweight intelligent manufacturing of automobiles, and provide theoretical support for lean and intelligent manufacturing research and on-site improvement; the second is to integrate and optimize the production process and process design through quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis, integrating theories such as production takt management and pull production, and analyze and study future on-site improvements, and discuss the lean path of smart factories; the third is to plan and design technical routes such as stamping and welding according to the process flow optimized by digital simulation, propose an overall solution for lean intelligent factory, analyze the advanced and innovative nature of the solution, and compare the comprehensive indicators with the expected goals, to evaluate the research results. During the research process, the energy consumption of output value was reduced by 8% than expected. This research helps to provide new ideas for intelligent manufacturing optimization of new energy vehicles. In the design of the program route of the intelligent manufacturing factory, the concept of lean production is introduced in the whole process, in order to provide a useful reference for similar enterprises in the industry in the application practice of intelligent manufacturing + lean production.
High tone bumping in Runyankore
Authors: Hyman Larry M. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In this study I present the unusual properties of a rule of High Tone Bumping (HTB) which occurs in certain languages of the Rutara subgroup of Bantu. By this process, the final H tone of a word or clitic “bumps” a preceding H tone one syllable to the left, e.g. /kaawá=kí/ → kááwa=kí ‘what coffee?’ (as realized utterance-medially). The triggers consist of /H/ CV monosyllables as well as VCV words whose final syllable is /H/. Since these can interact with each other, frequently with V+V vowel coalescence, this produces H tone sequences of trigger-targets in which each H appears to be bumped one syllable to the left. I present the facts of HTB in some detail and offer two synchronic analyses, one involving a left-to-right iterative rule, the other recognizing H*-marked tone spans that can be globally accessed to apply HTB all at once. I conclude by considering possible historical origins of HTB.
Extending !Xun dialect comparisons with a Ju|’hoan variety spoken in |Xae|xae, Botswana: gender classes, plural markers and loanwords
Authors: de Voogt Alex 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Dialect clusters in Africa and specifically those of Khoisan languages are relatively underdocumented. !Xun can be described as a complex or a cluster of lects and the Ju|’hoan speakers of |Xae|xae, Botswana, are part of the (eastern) E1 dialect cluster of the !Xun language. Their closest neighbors in Tsum!kwe, Namibia, also speakers of Ju|’hoan, have been the subject of extensive linguistic study. A comparison based on lexical items affiliates speakers from |Xae|xae mainly with those from Tsum!kwe but with several exceptions. Additional comparisons between the Tsum!kwe and |Xae|xae speakers based on morphological markers show differences in plural markers and gender classes as well as differences in influences from neighboring languages. This study adds a specific variety to the description of the E1 dialect cluster that should encourage further research on Ju|’hoan as spoken in Botswana.
A Model United Nations Experiment on Climate Negotiations
Authors: Hofmann Elisa , Kyriacou Lucas , Schmidt Klaus M. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Weitzman, M.L. (2014. Can negotiating a uniform carbon price help to internalize the global warming externality? J. Assoc. Environ. Resour. Econ. 1: 29–49) proposed that focusing international climate negotiations on a uniform common commitment (such as a uniform carbon price) is more effective than negotiations on individual commitments (as in the Paris agreement) in achieving ambitious climate action. We put this hypothesis to an experimental test by simulating international negotiations on climate change in collaboration with Model United Nations associations. This novel experimental format combines some of the advantages of lab and field experiments. Our results offer support for Weitzman’s hypothesis and indicate that negotiating a common commitment on a uniform carbon price may yield higher emission reductions in the long run and more participation than individual commitments à la Paris.
The Place of Judgments of Perception in Kant’s Transcendental Cognitive Theory
Authors: Lin Cheng-Hao 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The distinction between judgments of perception and judgments of experience in Kant’s Prolegomena has long been a controversial issue in Kantian studies. On the one hand, this distinction challenges the close connection between the synthetic unity of self-consciousness and the categories. On the other hand, a distinction between the subjective and the objective is unavoidable in our cognitive life. I will show in this paper that the interpretive difficulties arise from the ambiguity of Kant’s use of the concept of perception and his misleading formulation of the judgments of perception. After clarifying these problems and adopting the regulative use of the concept of the I in Kant’s theory of perception, the place of judgments of perception in his transcendental cognitive theory can be clarified, and the consistency of his system can be observed.
Self-Legislating Machines: What can Kant Teach Us about Original Intentionality?
Authors: Evans Richard 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In this paper, I attempt to address a fundamental challenge for machine intelligence: to understand whether and how a machine’s internal states and external outputs can exhibit original non-derivative intentionality. This question has three aspects. First, what does it take for a machine to exhibit original de dicto intentionality? Second, what does it take to exhibit original de re intentionality? Third, what is required for the machine to defer to the external objective world by respecting the word-to-world direction of fit? I attempt to answer the first challenge by providing a constitutive counts-as understanding of de dicto intentionality. This analysis involves repurposing Kant’s vision of a self-legislating agent as a specification of a machine that reprograms itself. I attempt to answer the second and third challenges by extending Kant’s synchronic model of de dicto intentionality with Brandom’s interpretation of Hegel’s diachronic model of de re intentionality, using Hegel’s notion of recollection to provide an understanding of what is involved in achieving deference to the external world.
Genre and gender at work: the antithesis of man from pictorial analysis in Portuguese advertisements
Authors: Pruekchaikul Korapat 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis study presents a pictorial analysis of Portuguese advertisements from a visual semiotic perspective, particularly the symbolic attributive and suggestive processes. Aiming to elucidate the relationship between genre and gender, the study explored advertising genre, masculinity in advertisements, and the antithesis of man as primary theoretical concerns. The data consisted of five pictures from Portuguese advertisements. The analysis suggests that advertisements are a textual arena where not only genre but also gender is constructed and modified in collaboration. The image of the antithesis of man coexisting with the one of normative masculinity in the five Portuguese advertisements indicates that genre and gender are mutually and simultaneously fluid, with their boundary often blurred. That advertisements are often prone to changes in their function to attract customers implies new and evolving presentation forms of genre and gender. The combination of new and conventional images of masculinity, as shown in the analysis, impacts social and linguistic practices, particularly the fact that traditional norms of defining genre and gender, despite their resemblant quality, might be occasionally challenged or reconstructed in late-modern culture.
Ecosemiotics and biosemiotics: a comparative study
Authors: Tian Haiqing , Wang Yongxiang 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Ecological semiotics belongs to the field of culture, and biological semiotics refers to biology. There are both similarities and differences between ecological semiotics (ecosemiotics) and biological semiotics (biosemiotics). “Co-existence and co-prosperity” are the highest true meaning of human beings and nature. Faced with the increasingly serious ecological crisis, human beings, as the only semiotic animal that can reflect on sign activities, are ultimately responsible for other species and the entire ecological community.
Synthesis and crystal structure of 2-(2-oxo-2-(thiophen-2-yl)ethyl)-4H-chromen-4-one, C15H10O3S
Authors: Chen Yang , Xiao Tao , Liu Feng , Yan Xiaolong 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
C15H10O3S, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 12.391(5) Å, b = 21.034(8) Å, c = 10.777(4) Å, β = 113.589(7)°, V = 2574.1(16) Å3, Z = 8, R

gt
(F) = 0.0704, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1988, T = 296(2) K.