bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bloco no poder, participação política e política educacional em São Gonçalo-RJ no contexto de bolsonarismo
Authors: De Oliveira Rafael Bastos Costa 
Published: September 2022

Este ensaio trata da atualidade do bloco no poder, no município de São Gonçalo-RJ, tendo como foco a análise dos espaços de participação política e construção de políticas educacionais, a partir do contexto do bolsonarismo, em vigor a nível nacional e local. As disputas de frações de classes e as lutas populares são destacas. Dados sobre projetos de lei relativos à mudança do plano de carreira da educação; a descrição das sessões da Câmara Municipal; atividades do Conselho Municipal de Educação de São Gonçalo; a eleição de 2018; a eleição municipal de 2020 e o tipo de condensação de relações de forças no Estado são contemplados. A investigação se deu por meio de observações participativas, interpelando a categoria participação política, à luz da teoria do Estado de Nicos Poulantzas. As constatações principais indicam que este tipo de bolsonarismo tem uma hegemonia significativa e que a análise da política educacional ajuda a entender as tensões nevrálgicas.
Pengaruh Serbuk Karet dari Ban Bekas sebagai Bahan Tambah Aspal Pen 60/70 pada Karakteristik Campuran Aspal Porus yang Menggunakan Agregat dari Loli Kota Palu
Authors: Mashuri M. 
Published: September 2022

The use of waste crumb rubber tire as an additive in asphalt has been widely practiced in several countries in the world, which aims to improve the characteristics of asphalt mixtures such as porous asphalt. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of used waste tire rubber powder as an additive in asphalt on the characteristics of porous asphalt mixture using aggregate from stone crusher machine in Loli, Palu city, Central Sulawesi Province. This research was conducted at the Transportation and Highway Laboratory, Tadulako University.This research used several percentages of used waste crumb rubber tire as follows: 0.025%, 0.050%, 0.075%, 0.10% of the aggregate weight in the mixtures (1200 grams). Aggregate composition determination in mixture using Method by sieve. Optimum Asphalt Content determination using Marshall Method. The results of this research found that the Stability and density value of the mixtures tend to increase at the content of 0.025% - 0,075% used waste crumb rubber tire. The results also found that the maximum stability and maximum density were reached at the Optimum Asphalt Content and the used waste crumb rubber tires content were 0.58% and 0.075%.
Unity formulas for the coupling constants and the dimensionless physical constants
Authors: Pellis Stergios 
Published: September 2022

In this paper in an elegant way will be presented the unity
formulas for the coupling constants and the dimensionless physical
constants. We reached the conclusion of the simple unification of the
fundamental interactions. We will find the formulas for the
Gravitational constant. It will be presented that the gravitational
fine-structure constant is a simple analogy between atomic physics and
cosmology. We will find the expression that connects the gravitational
fine-structure constant with the four coupling constants. Perhaps the
gravitational fine-structure constant is the coupling constant for the
fifth force. Also will be presented the simple unification of atomic
physics and cosmology. We will find the formulas for the cosmological
constant. This article will be followed by the energy wave theory and
the fractal space-time theory.
Norval Hawkins: Ford Accountant and Salesman Extraordinaire
Authors: Lazdowski Yvette J. , Persson Martin E. 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT
This article investigates the life and career of Norval Hawkins (1867–1936), a successful accountant at Ford Motor Company and acclaimed author of salesmanship books. He was, however a convicted felon in a Standard Oil embezzlement scheme. The early years of Ford enjoyed phenomenal growth, especially after introduction of the Model T in 1908. Oversight of accounting and sales remained under James Couzens, from the company's inception in 1903, but less is known about the role of accountant and salesman Norval Hawkins, whose contributions included cost and branch accounting systems and a unique dealership structure. Beyond his accounting and sales skills, Hawkins created a popular house publication, the Ford Times, to influence salespeople, customers, and dealers. Ultimately, his style and success irritated founder Henry Ford, and Hawkins was abruptly ousted. Primary archival material from The Henry Ford was retrieved to provide information on Hawkins' years at Ford from 1907 to 1919.
JEL Classifications: M41; M42; M48.
Collaborating with patient and public members in developing the COVID - Curated and open analysis and research platform (CO-CONNECT).
Authors: Jackson Tracy , McMaugh Anne , Chuter Antony , Cursino Marialuisa , Sheikh Aziz 
Published: September 2022

ObjectivesWe aimed to support the work of CO-CONNECT by meaningfully involving patient and public members across all project work packages. In addition, we aimed to ensure that the team members and outputs are connected to public perspectives and that public voices are adequately represented and embedded throughout CO-CONNECT.
ApproachWe have two public members on our leadership team who co-lead our Patient and Public Involvement and Engagement (PPIE) work stream with support from academics. They convened a “Public User Group” (PUG) of five public members from across the United Kingdom who regularly contribute to all aspects of CO-CONNECT. Our PPIE work was co-produced with our public members and a PPIE strategy was developed to ensure meaningful involvement throughout CO-CONNECT. At the beginning of the project, we developed an information pack for our public members to provide insight into CO-CONNECT and the importance of their role.
ResultsTo ensure complete transparency with the public, our PUG members attend and actively contribute to all team meetings within CO-CONNECT. This provides opportunities for public voices to be heard and acted upon in relation to questions about the use of, and access to, healthcare data in healthcare research. PUG members have contributed to the development of the CO-CONNECT website including providing information for biographies to increase public awareness of the involvement of public members in CO-CONNECT. They have written blogs and been interviewed for newsletter articles on the important of public involvement in research. Together we have created videos discussing their experience of being involved with CO-CONNECT and created a set of “Frequently Asked Questions” to provide more information about CO-CONNECT for the public-facing website.
ConclusionThe PPIE work within CO-CONNECT has created an innovative approach to ensuring public voices are heard and acted upon within data linkage networks. This model has the potential to be used in future projects to ensure inclusive and meaningful involvement of patient and public members in healthcare research.
Risk of a major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE) following first-ever hospitalisation for acute gout: a Western Australian population-level linked data study.
Authors: Lopez Derrick , Preen David , Raymond Warren , Inderjeeth Charles , Murray Kevin , Nossent Hans , Dwivedi Girish , Keen Helen 
Published: September 2022

ObjectivesCardiovascular disease is the largest contributor of increased mortality in patients with gout. Acute inflammation as seen with gout attacks may have a mechanistic role in developing Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events (MACE). We examined the temporal relationship between admission to hospital with acute gout and MACE.
ApproachLinked inpatient and mortality data from the Western Australian Rheumatic Disease Epidemiology Registry were used. We identified patients with an incident acute gout (index) hospitalisation and admission or death records due to MACE (composite of acute coronary syndrome, stroke, heart failure, cardiovascular death). The risk of MACE during the index post-discharge period (1-30 days after index admission) and control period (365 days prior to index admission and 365 days post-discharge) was determined using a self-controlled case-series (SCCS) design. Conditional fixed-effects Poisson regression was used to obtain incidence rate ratios (IRR). Sensitivity analyses were performed excluding deaths and 180-day events.
ResultsWe identified 962 patients (mean age=76.2 years [SD=12.2]; 66.8% male) with incident acute gout admission and documented MACE during the control and/or index post-discharge periods. 917 (95.3%) patients experienced MACE during the control period and 114 (11.9%) during the index post-discharge period. The rate of MACE during the control and post-discharge periods were 0.84 and 1.44 events per person-year, respectively, with an IRR=1.67 (95% CI: 1.38-2.02) for the post-discharge period compared with the control period from regression analysis. Sensitivity analyses excluding deaths and 180-day events were IRR=1.68 (95% CI=1.29-2.20) and IRR=1.66 (95% CI=1.34-2.07) respectively.
ConclusionOur self-controlled case-series study using linked administrative data found an increased risk of MACE during the 30 days after discharge for index gout hospitalisation. This suggests a temporal association between acute inflammation and MACE.
COVID-19 vaccine coverage and factors associated with vaccine uptake among individuals with a recent experience of homelessness: a population-based analysis from Ontario, Canada.
Authors: Shariff Salimah , Richard Lucie , Hwang Stephen , Kwong Jeffrey , Forchuk Cheryl , Dosani Naheed , Booth Richard 
Published: September 2022

ObjectivesTo describe COVID-19 vaccine coverage (i.e., the estimated percentage of people who have received a vaccine) and determinants of vaccine receipt among individuals with a recent experience of homelessness in Ontario, Canada.
ApproachWe conducted a retrospective, population-based cohort study of 23,247 individuals (≥18 years) with a recent experience of homelessness as recorded in routinely collected healthcare databases. Participants were followed from December 14, 2020 to September 30, 2021 for the receipt of a COVID-19 vaccine. Using modified Poisson regression, we identified sociodemographic, healthcare usage, and clinical factors associated with the receipt of one or more doses of a COVID-19 vaccine.
ResultsBy September 30, 14,271 (61.4%) of participants with a recent experience of homelessness had received a first dose of a COVID-19 vaccine and 11,082 (47.7%) had received two doses. Over the same period, 86.6% and 81.6% of the total adult population of Ontario had received a first dose and second dose, respectively. In multivariable analysis, factors associated with increased COVID-19 uptake included ≥1 visit to a general practitioner (adjusted Risk Ratio [aRR]:1.37[95% CI 1.31-1.42]), older age (vs. 18-29 years: 50-59 years, aRR:1.18[1.14-1.22]; 60+ years, aRR:1.27[1.22-1.31]), receipt of an influenza vaccine (aRR:1.25[1.23-1.28]), receipt of ≥1 SARS-CoV-2 test (aRR:1.23[1.20-1.26]) and the presence of chronic health conditions (vs. 0 conditions: 1 condition, aRR:1.05[1.03, 1.08]; 2+ conditions, aRR:1.11[1.08-1.14]). In contrast, living in a smaller metropolitan region (aRR:0.92[0.90-0.94]) or rural location (aRR:0.93[0.90-0.97]) compared to a large metropolitan region was associated with lower uptake.
ConclusionsAs of September 30, 2021, COVID-19 vaccine coverage among individuals with a recent experience of homelessness in Ontario was substantially lower than the general adult population of Ontario for a first and second dose. Findings underscore the importance of leveraging organizations that are accessed and trusted by people who experience homelessness for targeted vaccine delivery.
Is Long-Term Exposure to Ambient Air Pollution a Risk Factor for Parkinson’s Disease.
Authors: Jahanshahi Babak , McVicar Duncan , Rowland Neil , McGovern Mark , O'Reilly Dermot 
Published: September 2022

ObjectivesThis paper links prescriptions data for the Northern Ireland population with data from the Northern Ireland Longitudinal Study and localized ambient air pollution data from 2002 onwards to estimate the association between long-term exposure to ambient air pollutant from fine particulates (PM2.5) and Parkinson’s Disease (PD).
ApproachCox Proportional Hazards models are used to examine the impact of air pollution on PD, first unconditionally, and then conditioning on a rich set of observable individual, family and contextual characteristics. Long-term exposure to PM2.5 is defined as exposure averaged over the previous 5 years. Onset of PD is proxied by first receipt of a prescription for PD medication. Estimates are presented in the form of hazard ratios for the effect of long-term PM2.5 exposure on the risk of PD onset.
ResultsThere is a non-trivial magnitude and statistically significant unconditional association between long-term exposure to ambient PM2.5 pollution and receiving a prescription for PD, with those exposed to higher levels of pollution more likely to receive a prescription for PD. This estimated association disappears (becomes insignificantly different from zero), however, when the model accounts for confounding variables at household, individual and geographical levels.
ConclusionsThis study contributes to an emerging literature examining the association between ambient PM2.5 pollution and onset of PD. Despite finding an unconditional association, we find no evidence for an association once individual, family and contextual characteristics are controlled for, at least in the relatively low-pollution context of Northern Ireland.
What do women living with HIV think about research on children born HIV-free in the UK?
Authors: Bukasa Laurette , Namiba Angelina , Tariq Shema , Brown Matilda , Ndungu Estelle , Nangwale Mercy , Letting Gillian , Chirwa Patricia , Thorne Claire 
Published: September 2022

ObjectiveWe are analysing linked public health surveillance data on pregnancies to women living with HIV in the UK and vital registration data on all their children born HIV-free, an under-researched group. We sought to engage women living with HIV to elicit their feedback on our work and set research priorities.
ApproachIn partnership with 4M Net, a national peer-support network for mothers living with HIV, we co-designed and held two online workshops (one workshop a week over two weeks) in March 2022. We designed the workshops to be highly interactive, using a combination of online tools and created a safe space for open discussion. All participants received a preparatory booklet in advance, comprising questions, activities, and space for reflections during the workshops. We also prompted participants to discuss their research priorities with peers and/or family members if they felt comfortable with this.
ResultsIn total, 6 participants attended the two 2-hour long workshops. All participants were from Black ethnic backgrounds, aged 30 years or older and were mothers of children or young adults born HIV-free.
Overall, participants were positive about the programme of research and identified pregnancy, birth, and long-term outcomes in children (especially regarding HIV medication in pregnancy) as being of key importance. They supported the use of linked mental health, hospital, general practice (GP), health visiting and education data to explore pregnancy, health and developmental outcomes among children born HIV-free. Linkage to GP data was identified as a priority by participants, and there was particular interest in addressing knowledge gaps on the mental health of children and young adults born HIV-free.
ConclusionWomen living with HIV are often involved in research around pregnancy, but rarely in research about their children. By working with trusted community partners, we can engage this often marginalised group of parents who understand the value of linked data research exploring the health and wellbeing of their children born HIV-free.
Developing a population data science approach to assess increased risk of COVID-19 associated with attending large sporting events.
Authors: Drakesmith Mark , Hobson Gemma , John Gareth , Stegall Emily , Gould Ashley , Parkinson John , Thomas Daniel Rhys 
Published: September 2022

ObjectivesTo design and test a method to assess whether test events were associated with an increase in risk of confirmed COVID-19, in order to inform policy on the safe re-introduction of spectator events following decreasing incidence of COVID-19 and relaxing of restrictions.
ApproachWe designed a cohort study to measure relative risk of confirmed COVID-19 in those attending two large sporting events in South Wales during May-June 2021. First, we linked ticketing information to records on the Welsh Demographic Service (WDS) and identified NHS numbers for attendees. We then linked attendees to routine SARS-CoV-2 test data to calculate incidence rates in people attending each event for a fourteen days period following the event. We selected a comparison cohort from WDS for each event, individually matched by age band, gender and locality of residence. Risk ratios were then computed for the two events.
ResultsWe successfully assigned NHS numbers to 91% and 84% of people attending the two events, respectively. Other identifiers were available for the remainder. Only a small number of attendees (<10) had a record of confirmed COVID-19 following attendance at each event (14 day cumulative incidence: 36 and 26 per 100,000, respectively). Background incidences in Wales over the same periods were 22 and 61 per 100,000, respectively. There was no evidence of significantly increased risk of COVID-19 at either event (event 1: 3.00 (0.18-47.9), p=0.50, event 2: 0.30 (0.04-2.34), p= 0.23). However, event 1, which didn’t include pre-event testing in their mitigations, had a higher risk ratio (>1) than event 2 (<1), which did include pre-event testing.
ConclusionsWe demonstrate the potential for data linkage to inform COVID-19 policy regarding sporting events. At that point in the epidemic, there was no evidence that attending large sporting events increased risk of COVID-19. However, these events took place between epidemic waves when background incidence and testing rate was low.
The hospital burden of intergenerational contact with the welfare system: A whole-of-population liked data study.
Authors: Procter Alexandra , Chittleborough Catherine , Pilkington Rhiannon , Pearson Odette , Montgomerie Alicia , Lynch John 
Published: September 2022

ObjectivesIntergenerational welfare contact (IWC) is a policy issue due to personal and social costs of ‘entrenched disadvantage’ across generations, yet few studies have quantified the burden of IWC on health. We examine the proportion of children who experienced IWC and other welfare contact (WC) types; and estimate cause-specific hospital burden.
ApproachA whole-of-population linked administrative data study of children in South Australia born 1991-1995 (n=94,358), followed from birth up to age 20 years and their parent/s (n=143,814). The study used de-identified data from the Better Evidence Better Outcomes Linked Data platform including data from Australian Government Centrelink (welfare payments), birth registration, perinatal birth records, and inpatient hospitalisations. Children were classified as: No WC, parent only WC, child only WC, or IWC. Cause-specific hospitalisation rates and cumulative incidence were estimated by age and WC group.
ResultsUsing Australian Government Centrelink data, WC was defined as parent/s receiving a means-tested welfare payment (low-income, unemployment, disability or caring) when children were aged 11-15, or children receiving payment at ages 16-20. IWC was WC occurring in both parent and child generations. IWC affected 34.9% of children, who had the highest hospitalisation rate (133.5 per 1,000 person-years) compared to no WC (46.1 per 1,000 person-years), parent WC (75.0 per 1,000 person-years), and child only WC (87.6 per 1,000 person-years). Of all IWC children, 43.0% experienced at least one hospitalisation between 11-20 years, frequently related to injury, mental health, and pregnancy.
Conclusions and RelevanceChildren experiencing IWC represent a third of the population aged 11-20. Compared to children with parent-only WC, IWC children had 78% higher hospitalisation rates from age 11 to 20, accounting for over half of all hospitalisations in this age group. Frequent IWC hospitalisation causes were injuries, mental health, and pregnancy.
Challenges in public healthcare research data warehouse integration and operationalisation.
Authors: Ravipati Tanya , Andrew Nadine E , Srikanth Velandai , Beare Richard 
Published: September 2022

ObjectivesPublic health service organisations use multiple patient administration and electronic health record systems. We describe the implementation of a data warehouse automation tool within the National Centre for Healthy Ageing (NCHA) data platform to operationalise a research data warehouse to optimise data quality and data provision for health services research.
ApproachThe traditional data warehouse life cycle comprises repetitive manual tasks and dependency on specialist developers. Automation tools overcome most of these inefficiencies. We conducted an internal risk benefit analysis which was validated by published literature containing data warehouse optimisation and automation. Industry-based data warehouse automation tools were reviewed to align the NCHA requirements with the tool’s functionality. Tools were then shortlisted and evaluated over a six-week period: (1) automation of standard tasks; (2) data pipeline alignment with the World Health Organization’s (WHO) Data Quality Review Framework; and (3) resource dependency risk mitigation through a Proof of Concept (PoC).
ResultsThe priority areas identified by the risk benefit analysis included: end-to-end data warehouse automation; auto scripting; connectivity/linkage with multiple sources, reverse/forward engineering, audit trail conformance, scalability, multiple data warehouse architectures support, automated documentation; data management including data quality; and post-subscription independence. Twenty scientific publications were included in the final literature review (10% within healthcare) and supported the majority of identified priority areas. The industry-based review identified 11 suitable data warehouse/Extract-Transform-Load (ETL) automation tools. Five tools demonstrated adequate performance for task automation, data quality management, reduced dependency on specialist developers and on-premise linkage compatibility. Two automation tools were tested each for 6 weeks through PoC development. One automation tool met 8 out of the 10 automation requirements and was selected for implementation.
ConclusionData warehouse development processes are complex and time consuming. Tools that offer automation of repetitive tasks and scripting increase the consistency while reducing the dependency on specialist staff. Integrated data quality management minimises the time researchers spend in pre-processing patient level data sourced through a semi-automated data warehouse.