bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of the platelet pool of Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 in well-controlled type 2 diabetes patients
Authors: Mossberg Karin , Olausson Josefin , Fryk Emanuel , Jern Sverker , Jansson Per-Anders , Brogren Helén 
Published: August 2022

Background
The main inhibitor of the fibrinolytic system, Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor -1 (PAI-1), irreversibly binds tissue-type Plasminogen Activator (t-PA) and thereby inhibits the protective action of tPA against thrombus formation. Elevated levels of plasma PAI-1 are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events and are observed in subjects with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity. Platelets contain the majority of PAI-1 present in blood and exhibit the ability to synthesis active PAI-1. Diabetic platelets are known to be hyper-reactive and larger in size; however, whether these features affect their contribution to the elevated levels of plasma PAI-1 in T2D is not established.

Objectives
To characterize the PAI-1 antigen content and the mRNA expression in platelets from T2D subjects compared to obese and lean control subjects, in order to elucidate the role of platelet PAI-1 in T2D.

Methods
Nine subjects with T2D and obesity were recruited from Primary Care Centers together with 15 healthy control subjects (8 lean subjects and 7 with obesity). PAI-1 antigen levels in plasma, serum and platelets were determined by ELISA, and PAI-1 mRNA expression was analyzed by qPCR.

Results
There was no significant difference in PAI-1 mRNA expression or PAI-1 antigen in platelets in T2D subject in comparison to obese and lean control subjects. An elevated level of plasma PAI-1 was seen in both T2D and obese subjects. PAI-1 gene expression was significantly higher in both obese groups compared to lean.

Conclusion
Similar levels of protein and mRNA expression of PAI-1 in platelets from T2D, obese and lean subjects indicate a limited role of platelets for the elevated plasma PAI-1 levels. However, an increased synthesis rate of mRNA transcripts in platelets from T2D and an increased release of PAI-1 could also result in similar mRNA and protein levels. Hence, synthesis and release rates of PAI-1 from platelets in T2D and obesity need to be investigated to further elucidate the role of platelets in obesity and T2D.
Inter-arm difference in systolic blood pressure: Prevalence and associated factors in an African population
Authors: Gbaguidi Gwladys Nadia , Kaboure Audrey , Houehanou Yessito Corine , Amidou Salimanou Ariyo , Houinato Dismand Stephan , Aboyans Victor , Lacroix Philippe 
Published: August 2022

Objectives
Inter-arm blood pressure difference (IABPD) can lead to underdiagnosis and poor management of hypertension, when not recognized and are associated with increased cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. However, the prevalence and associated risk factors of IABPD in sub-Saharan Africa are unknown. This study aims to determine the prevalence and associated risk factors of IABPD among Tanve Health Study (TAHES) participants, a cohort about cardiovascular diseases in a rural area in Benin.

Methods
The cohort was conducted since 2015 among adults aged 25 years and over in Tanve village. Data were collected from February to March, 2020. Brachial blood pressure were recorded at rest on both arm with an electronic device. Systolic IABPD (sIABPD) was defined as the absolute value of the difference in systolic blood pressure between left and right arms ≥ 10 mmHg. A multivariate logistic regression models identified factors associated with sIABPD.

Results
A total of 1,505 participants (women 59%) were included. The mean age was 45.08 ±15.65 years. The prevalence of sIABPD ≥ 10 mmHg was 19% (95%CI: 17–21). It was 19% (95%CI: 16–22) in men and 20% (95%CI: 17–22) in women. In final multivariable model, the probability of sIABPD ≥ 10 mmHg increased significantly with age (adjusted OR (aOR) = 1.1; 95%CI: 1.02–1.20 per 10-years), hypertension (aOR = 2.33; 95%CI: 1.77–3.07) and diabetes (aOR = 1.96; 95%CI: 1.09–3.53).

Conclusion
Almost quarter of sample have a sIABPD ≥ 10 mmHg, with an increased risk with older age and hypertension and diabetes.
Stroke volume and cardiac output during 6 minute-walk tests are strong predictors of maximal oxygen uptake in people after stroke
Authors: Liu Fang , Jones Alice Y. M. , Tsang Raymond C. C. , Zha Fubing , Zhou Mingchao , Xue Kaiwen , Zhang Zeyu , Wang Yulong 
Published: August 2022

Background and objectives
The 6-minute walk test (6MWT) is a field test commonly used to predict peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak) in people after stroke. Inclusion of cardiodynamic variables measured by impedance cardiography (ICG) during a 6MWT has been shown to improve prediction of VO2peak in healthy adults but these data have not been considered in people after stroke. This study investigates whether the prediction of VO2peak can be improved by the inclusion of cardiovascular indices derived by impedance cardiography (ICG) during the 6MWT in people after stroke.

Methods
This was a cross-sectional study. Patients diagnosed with stroke underwent in random order, a maximal cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) and 6MWT in separate dates. Heart rate (HR), stroke volume (SV) and cardiac output (CO) were measured by ICG during all tests. Oxygen consumption was recorded by a metabolic cart during the CPET. Recorded data were subjected to multiple regression analyses to generate VO2peak prediction equations.

Results
Fifty-nine patients, mean age 50.0±11.7 years were included in the analysis. The mean distance covered in the 6MWT (6MWD) was 294±13 m, VO2peak was 19.2±3.2 ml/min/kg. Mean peak HR, SV and CO recorded during 6MWT were 109±6 bpm, 86.3±8.8 ml, 9.4±1.2 L/min and during CPET were 135±14 bpm, 86.6±9 ml, 11.7±2 L/min respectively. The prediction equation with inclusion of cardiodynamic variables: 16.855 + (-0.060 x age) + (0.196 x BMI) + (0.01 x 6MWD) + (-0.416 x SV6MWT) + (3.587 x CO 6MWT) has a higher squared multiple correlation (R2) and a lower standard error of estimate (SEE) and SEE% compared to the equation using 6MWD as the only predictor.

Conclusion
Inclusion of SV and CO measured during the 6MWT in stroke patients further improved the VO2peak prediction power compared to using 6MWD as a lone predictor.
Discussion of the results of the primary introduction of rare and endangered plant species of East Kazakhstan in the Altai Botanical Garden
Authors: Danilova A. N. , Kotukhov Yu. A. , Anufrieva O. A. 
Published: August 2022

According to the results of the primary introduction, based on the study of adaptability indicators in cultural conditions, the studied rare and endangered species of the flora of East Kazakhstan are ranked according to three categories proposed by K. A. Sobolevskaya. The 1st category includes 45 species of rare and endangered plants that reacted positively to the conditions of culture. The second category includes 16 species that gave contradictory results of introduction due to insufficient knowledge. The third category consists of 9 highly specialized species that have given a negative result during introduction, which can be preserved only in natural habitats. When studying the adaptive potential in culture of two rare species of orchids - Dactylorhiza incarnata ( L.) Soo and Dactylorhiza maculata (L.) Soo, attracted to the primary introduction from the Kalbinsky Altai, according to the results of phenological observations, instability in the seasonal rhythms of species development associated with the weather conditions of the growing season of 2021 was revealed. When comparing morphometric indicators of D. incarnata and D. maculatа samples in natural cenopopulations and during introduction for 2019-2020, no differences were established.
Chemical elements accumulation specifics in the top of floodplain plants growing in the Yugan river valley of Surgut District, Khanty-Mansi Autonomous District-Yugra
Authors: Kravchenko I. V. , Mulyukin M. A. , Shepeleva L. F. 
Published: August 2022

The present article describes the heavy metal content (Ni, Pb, Cd) in the top plant phytomass: blue marsh bog (Eleocharis palustris (L.) Roem. Schult.), furcular Anemonidium (Anemonidium dichotomum (L.) Holub), bayonet rush (Juncus filiformis L.), blue marsh vetchling (Lathyrus palustris L.), carex acuta (Carex acuta L.), reed canary grass (Phalaroides arundinacea L.), clump speedwell (Veronica longifolia L.), silverweed cinquefoil (Potentilla anserina L.), common burnet (Prunella vulgaris L.), and water sedge (Carex aquatilis Wahlenb.) growing in the Yugan River valley, Surgut District, Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Distric t- Yugra. Species, morphological and systematic features of plants were accounted. Field and chemical methods were used in the present research. The plant material was analyzed using MGA 915-MD atomic absorption spectrometer. The study revealed that observed plant species differ in heavy metals accumulation specifics, namely: water sedge accumulates Ni, Pb, Cd more than other plant species, sedge sharp - Ni, marsh bog - Ni, reedgrass - Pb, threadfoot - Pb and Cd. Based on the data obtained, we can conclude that Ni, Pb, Cd content was within standard limits in all the studied plants.
Study of photosynthetic pigments and flavonoid compounds content in Salvia officinalis L. phytomass
Authors: Kravchenko I. V. , Mulyukin M. A. , Samoylenko Z. A. , Makarova T. A. , Gulakova N. M. 
Published: August 2022

The study of the pigment apparatus (chlorophylls, carotenoids) and flavonoids will allow to reveal the plants adaptation mechanisms, which subsequently can be used in ecological and biochemical studies. The purpose of the study is to determine the content of the photosynthesis pigments (chlorophylls, carotenoids) and flavonoids in the phytomass of hydroponically grown garden sage (Salvia officinalis L.) compared with the sage grown the open soil. Two varieties of the garden sage were studied: ‘Dobrinya’ and ‘Kubanets’ from two different producers. The plants were grown hydroponically under two lighting regimes (red, blue and white LEDs and white LEDs). The open-soil plant specimens (‘Kubanets’ by Johnsons, ‘Kubanets’ by Gavrish) were studied for comparison. SHIMADZU UV-1900i spectrophotometer was used to determine the pigments and flavonoids content. The study results regarding chlorophylls a, b and carotenoids in the phytomass showed the advantages of the hydroponic cultivation on the mineral wool substratum for ‘Kubanets’ by Johnsons grown under colored LEDs, ‘Kubanets’ by Gavrish grown under white and colored LEDs, and ‘Dobrinya’ variety grown under colored LEDs. In general the colored lighting is found to be more favorable than the white one for chlorophyll accumulation when the plants are cultivated in hydroponic systems. The higher content of carotenoids was observed under white LEDs for ‘Kubanets’ by Gavrish and ‘Kubanets’ by Johnsons. The flavonoids accumulation was more intensive in the open soil and under white LEDs in the hydroponics.
Endoscopic Incision Therapy for Benign Pyloric Stricture
Authors: Choi Jeongmin 
Published: August 2022

ABSTRACT
We report that an 82-year-old woman with benign pyloric stricture and fibrous scars around the pylorus was safely treated with endoscopic incisional therapy using an insulation-tipped knife. At the 1-year follow-up endoscopy, the pylorus was open.
Analiza projektów studenckich dotyczących pracy dydaktycznej z uczniami o specjalnych potrzebach edukacyjnych w klasie włączającej i zdigitalizowanym środowisku – odpowiedź na czasy pandemii COVID-19
Authors: Król-Gierat Werona , Rak Katarzyna 
Published: August 2022

The 2020/21 academic year proved to be unprecedented in many ways for students and lecturers alike. The need to move from traditional education to a virtual classroom during the Covid-19 pandemic became a stimulus to seek new ways to work and expand knowledge. The aim of this paper is to present the outcome of project work completed by university students of a teaching specialization, which included ways of teaching and ICT tools suitable for working with learners with Special Educational Needs (SEN) in a traditional classroom and in a digital environment. With the increase in remote learning, the challenge of meeting the needs of learners with SEN is considerable. Therefore, inclusive classrooms should be designed with remote learning in mind, so that the teachers are ready to substitute or enrich traditional resources with educational technologies. With the right solutions, teachers can innovate and redefine their classrooms, remodelling them into a mix of face-to face and online delivery. However, different categories of SEN require different solutions. The analysis of the projects confirms that when students are involved in problem-solving and focusing on solutions, they learn more about how to contribute to effective learning in a meaningful way.
The Pontic Princess Calligone, the Queen Themisto, and the Amazons in the Black Sea (P.Oxy. 5355 and PSI 981)
Authors: López Martínez María 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Only two papyri (P.Oxy. 5355 and PSI 981) are preserved of the lost Greek novel known as Calligone, whose female protagonist goes to war as an ally of the Amazons. Here, I propose new hypotheses concerning the historical events which may have inspired the action of the novel and suggest a reconstruction of the plot.
Interlaboratory comparison study of immunosuppressant analysis using a fully automated LC-MS/MS system
Authors: Zahr Noël , Duce Helen , Duffy Joanne , Webster Craig , Rentsch Katharina M. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Objectives
All guidelines recommend LC-MS/MS as the analytical method of choice for the quantification of immunosuppressants in whole blood. Until now, the lack of harmonization of methods and the complexity of the analytical technique have prevented its widespread use in clinical laboratories. This can be seen in international proficiency schemes, where more than half of the participants used immunoassays. With the Cascadion SM Clinical analyzer (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Oy, Vantaa, FI) a fully automated LC-MS/MS system has been introduced, which enables the use of LC-MS/MS without being an expert in mass spectrometry.

Methods
To verify the interlaboratory comparison of the immunosuppressant assay on this type of instrument, three centers across Europe compared 1097 routine whole blood samples, each site sharing its own samples with the other two. In other experiments, the effects of freezing and thawing of whole blood samples was studied, and the use of secondary cups instead of primary tubes was assessed.

Results
In the Bland–Altman plot, the comparison of the results of tacrolimus in fresh and frozen samples had an average bias of only 0.36%. The respective data for the comparison between the primary and secondary tubes had an average bias of 1.14%. The correlation coefficients for patient samples with cyclosporine A (n=411), everolimus (n=139), sirolimus (n=114) and tacrolimus (n=433) were 0.993, 0.993, 0.993 and 0.990, respectively.

Conclusions
The outcome of this study demonstrates a new level of result harmonization for LC-MS/MS based immunosuppressant analysis with a commercially available fully automated platform for routine clinical application.
Performance of machine learning techniques on prediction of esophageal varices grades among patients with cirrhosis
Authors: Bayani Azadeh , Asadi Farkhondeh , Hosseini Azamossadat , Hatami Behzad , Kavousi Kaveh , Aria Mehrad , Zali Mohammad Reza 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Objectives
All patients with cirrhosis should be periodically examined for esophageal varices (EV), however, a large percentage of patients undergoing screening, do not have EV or have only mild EV and do not have high-risk characteristics. Therefore, developing a non-invasive method to predict the occurrence of EV in patients with liver cirrhosis as a non-invasive method with high accuracy seems useful. In the present research, we compared the performance of several machine learning (ML) methods to predict EV on laboratory and clinical data to choose the best model.

Methods
Four-hundred-and-ninety data from the Liver and Gastroenterology Research Center of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences in the period 2014–2021, were analyzed applying models including random forest (RF), artificial neural network (ANN), support vector machine (SVM), and logistic regression.

Results
RF and SVM had the best results in general for all grades of EV. RF showed remarkably better results and the highest area under the curve (AUC). After that, SVM and ANN had the AUC of 98%, for grade 3, the SVM algorithm had the highest AUC after RF (89%).

Conclusions
The findings may help to better predict EV with high precision and accuracy and also can help reduce the burden of frequent visits to endoscopic centers. It can also help practitioners to manage cirrhosis by predicting EV with lower costs.
Extracellular hemin is a reverse use-dependent gating modifier of cardiac voltage-gated Na+ channels
Authors: Gessner Guido , Jamili Mahdi , Tomczyk Pascal , Menche Dirk , Schönherr Roland , Hoshi Toshinori , Heinemann Stefan H. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Heme (Fe2+-protoporphyrin IX) is a well-known protein prosthetic group; however, heme and hemin (Fe3+-protoporphyrin IX) are also increasingly viewed as signaling molecules. Among the signaling targets are numerous ion channels, with intracellular-facing heme-binding sites modulated by heme and hemin in the sub-µM range. Much less is known about extracellular hemin, which is expected to be more abundant, in particular after hemolytic insults. Here we show that the human cardiac voltage-gated sodium channel hNaV1.5 is potently inhibited by extracellular hemin (IC
50 ≈ 80 nM), while heme, dimethylhemin, and protoporphyrin IX are ineffective. Hemin is selective for hNaV1.5 channels: hNaV1.2, hNaV1.4, hNaV1.7, and hNaV1.8 are insensitive to 1 µM hemin. Using domain chimeras of hNaV1.5 and rat rNaV1.2, domain II was identified as the critical determinant. Mutation N803G in the domain II S3/S4 linker largely diminished the impact of hemin on the cardiac channel. This profile is reminiscent of the interaction of some peptide voltage-sensor toxins with NaV channels. In line with a mechanism of select gating modifiers, the impact of hemin on NaV1.5 channels is reversely use dependent, compatible with an interaction of hemin and the voltage sensor of domain II. Extracellular hemin thus has potential to modulate the cardiac function.
NanoParticle Flow Reactor (NanoPFR): a tested model for simulating carbon nanoparticle formation in flow reactors
Authors: Juan Neil A. , Naseri Ali , Kholghy M. Reza , Thomson Murray J. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Flow reactors are widely used to study the formation of various nanoparticles, such as carbon black, soot, nickel, titania, and silica. Such reactors provide well-controlled conditions, making them a favored laboratory tool to investigate the details of particle formation. Here we present NanoParticle Flow Reactor (NanoPFR), a detailed model to simulate nanoparticle synthesis in flow reactors. The model predicts the agglomerate fractal-like morphology and size distribution with a 2-variable sectional population balance model coupled with gas-phase chemistry. The particle formation processes employed in the code are tested using detailed discrete element modeling simulations and then used to predict carbon black formation from ethylene pyrolysis experiments from the literature. The code is a robust flow reactor predictive tool with a strong foundation that can serve as a basis for further development, including the simulation of other nanoparticles formation.
The value(s) of English as global linguistic capital: a dialogue between linguistic justice and sociolinguistic approaches
Authors: Codó Eva , Riera-Gil Elvira 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Theorists of linguistic justice tend to assume that English (particularly its native varieties) has paramount and stable value as a global communicative tool. From this alleged value they identify several injustices for non-native speakers, like unequal opportunities and lower dignity, related to the instrumental and identity-related values of languages. In this article we challenge assumptions about the real-life value of English by engaging in an interdisciplinary dialogue that connects normative theories and sociolinguistic theories of value. Through the analysis of ethnographic case studies, we conclude that the value of English (and nativeness in English) as linguistic capital is highly context-dependent, to the extent that possessing native skills may have no positive effects for an English speaker. Both language-centred factors (linguistic awareness and adaptive skills) and non-language centred factors (markets and social indexicalities) determine this value. We highlight that normative approaches to languages cannot address instrumental and identity-related values separately, because identity is instrumental to communicative interactions. We conclude that multilingualism fulfils better than monolingualism (either in English or in state majority languages) the goals of linguistic justice traditionally associated with the latter. Finally, we engage in a critical reflection about the suitability and conditions of possibility of interdisciplinary research.
Linguistic justice and global English: theoretical and empirical approaches
Authors: Soler Josep , Morales-Gálvez Sergi 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The global spread of English and its impact on the pursuit of linguistic justice has been a topic of concern for scholars in a wide range of different fields in the humanities and social sciences. Firmly convinced of the usefulness of cross-field collaboration to advance our understanding of the expansion of English globally, in this special issue we bring together experts in sociolinguistics and political theory with two goals in mind: (1) to illustrate, empirically, its consequences for speakers in situated contexts; and (2) to propose potential normative responses to the global spread of English. In order to frame the overarching theme of the special issue, and to show our stance as guest editors in connection to global English, in this opening piece we develop a critique to Philippe Van Parijs’ notion of linguistic justice. In particular, we take issue with his vision that promoting English as a global lingua franca is a good idea in order to enhance everyone’s equality of opportunities (e.g., in the labour market). We question such an assumption from both a theoretical and empirical point of view, and argue that having equal access to English is not sufficient to equalize everyone’s opportunities.