bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wavenumbers 3 and 4 Quasi 2‐day Wave Activities Observed by Multiple Meteor Radars in the Two Hemispheres During Austral Summer
Authors: Cheng Hao , Huang Kai Ming , Liu Alan Z. , Zhang Shao Dong , Huang Chun Ming , Gong Yun 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCombining observations from three meteor radars in the Northern Hemisphere (NH) and a meteor radar in the Southern Hemisphere (SH) and reanalysis data, we present successive wavenumbers 3 and 4 (W3 and W4) quasi 2 day wave activities in austral summer. In the mesosphere and lower thermosphere, the wave exhibits two burst activities. The W3 dominates the first burst, while the W4 is the predominate mode in the second burst. The mode transition arises in the late January and is completed around the end of January. The W3 and W4 have the nearly same dominate period of about 46 hr and vertical wavelengths of 110 km in the SH and about 55–65 km in the NH, and the similar latitude and altitude distributions in the zonal and meridional winds and temperature, except stronger magnitude and farther extension in the NH for the W3. The analysis indicates that the unstable regions of the summer jets in the lower mesosphere and stratopause region have the boundaries which toward lower latitudes are largely consistent with the critical layers, and Eliassen‐Palm (EP) fluxes of the W3 and W4 increase rapidly near the unstable regions. This demonstrates that both the W3 and W4 originate from the jet instabilities. Nevertheless, the EP flux of the W3 shows a stronger transfer across the hemispheres than that of the W4. The W3 and W4 have the same period and vertical scale, which is different from previous reports.
Comparisons Between Array Derived Dynamic Strain Rate (ADDS) and Fiber‐Optic Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) Strain Rate
Authors: Ichinose Gene A. , Mellors Robert J. , Barno Justin G. , Gok Rengin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDistributed acoustic sensing (DAS) strain rate and particle velocity can be compared through approximate scaling with medium velocity. We instead performed a direct comparison between array derived dynamic strain (ADDS) rate and DAS strain rate for six frequency bands. The PoroTomo project at Brady's Hot Springs, Nevada, deployed a 240‐geophone 3C array co‐located with fiber‐optic DAS system and 8.7 km of buried cable. We selected subsets of the geophone array to create four smaller arrays and computed ADDS. The horizontal components of the ADDS were rotated into the direction of the fiber‐optic cable and then compared with the observed DAS strain rates. From three example regional earthquakes of local magnitudes 2.9, 4.1, and 4.3, the ADDS are found to be coherent with DAS for frequencies ≤1 Hz. For frequencies >1‐Hz, this correlation decays quickly. Small differences between linear and areal dynamic strains at 1‐Hz suggest poor signal‐to‐noise or localized strain that is perturbed by shallow heterogeneities compare to the average strain propagating across the geophone array. The implication is that around 1‐Hz, straight fiber DAS is measuring axial strain along the fiber and can provide good approximations to translational particle motions. However, above 1‐Hz, DAS becomes more sensitive to shallow velocity gradients that can be beneficial for geophysical imaging yet becomes a limitation for traditional seismic analysis methods depending on absolute amplitude and phase from translational particle motions.
Controls on the Distribution, Enrichment, and Degradation of Dissolved Organic Matter in the Sea Surface Microlayer of the Yellow Sea and East China Sea
Authors: Chen Yan , Zhang Ning , Hu Chun , Chen Rong , Yang Gui‐Peng 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe concentrations of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), dissolved organic nitrogen (DON), total dissolved carbohydrates (TDCHO), and total hydrolyzable amino acids (THAA) in the sea surface microlayer (SML) and subsurface water (SSW) were measured in the Yellow Sea and East China Sea. Concentrations of DOC and TDCHO in the SML were correlated with their respective concentrations in the SSW (Pearson's correlations: DOC, r2 = 0.17, n = 45, p < 0.01; TDCHO, r2 = 0.32, n = 45, p < 0.01). In contrast, DON and THAA concentrations in the SML and SSW were not correlated, suggesting that processes other than exchange with SSW dominated their loss or gain in the SML. Both THAA and TDCHO were significantly enriched in the SML, with mean enrichment factors (EFs) of 2.24 ± 1.17 and 1.98 ± 1.08, respectively. The EFs of dissolved organic matter (DOM) were not correlated with wind speed under the influence of complex processes (e.g., bubbling and turbulence). THAA‐C% and TDCHO‐C% in the SML were 3.38 ± 1.71% and 8.49 ± 4.81%, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in the SSW (Mann‐Whitney U test, p < 0.05), suggesting that DOM in the SML was fresher than that in the SSW. While the high bioavailability of DOM in the SML should be conducive to neuston proliferation in this unique environment, no significant correlations were observed between degradation indicators and neuston abundances. In contrast, the changes of temperature and pH may have an important impact on the degradation of DOM.
Prenatal stress modulates HPA axis homeostasis of offspring through dentate TERT independently of glucocorticoids receptor
Authors: Liu Meng-Ying , Wei Lu-Lu , Zhu Xian-Hui , Ding Hua-Chen , Liu Xiang-Hu , Li Huan , Li Yuan-Yuan , Han Zhou , Li Lian-Di , Du Zi-Wei , Zhou Ya-Ping , Zhang Jing , Meng Fan , Tang Yu-Lin , Liu Xiao , Wang Chun , Zhou Qi-Gang 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn response to stressful events, the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is activated, and consequently glucocorticoids are released by the adrenal gland into the blood circulation. A large body of research has illustrated that excessive glucocorticoids in the hippocampus exerts negative feedback regulation of the HPA axis through glucocorticoid receptor (GR), which is critical for the homeostasis of the HPA axis. Maternal prenatal stress causes dysfunction of the HPA axis feedback mechanism in their offspring in adulthood. Here we report that telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) gene knockout causes hyperactivity of the HPA axis without hippocampal GR deficiency. We found that the level of TERT in the dentate gyrus (DG) of the hippocampus during the developmental stage determines the responses of the HPA axis to stressful events in adulthood through modulating the excitability of the dentate granular cells (DGCs) rather than the expression of GR. Our study also suggests that the prenatal high level of glucocorticoids exposure-induced hypomethylation at Chr13:73764526 in the first exon of mouse Tert gene accounted for TERT deficiency in the DG and HPA axis abnormality in the adult offspring. This study reveals a novel GR-independent mechanism underlying prenatal stress-associated HPA axis impairment, providing a new angle for understanding the mechanisms for maintaining HPA axis homeostasis.
Predictors of longitudinal cognitive ageing from age 70 to 82 including APOE e4 status, early-life and lifestyle factors: the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936
Authors: Corley Janie , Conte Federica , Harris Sarah E. , Taylor Adele M. , Redmond Paul , Russ Tom C. , Deary Ian J. , Cox Simon R. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDiscovering why some people’s cognitive abilities decline more than others is a key challenge for cognitive ageing research. The most effective strategy may be to address multiple risk factors from across the life-course simultaneously in relation to robust longitudinal cognitive data. We conducted a 12-year follow-up of 1091 (at age 70) men and women from the longitudinal Lothian Birth Cohort 1936 study. Comprehensive repeated cognitive measures of visuospatial ability, processing speed, memory, verbal ability, and a general cognitive factor were collected over five assessments (age 70, 73, 76, 79, and 82 years) and analysed using multivariate latent growth curve modelling. Fifteen life-course variables were used to predict variation in cognitive ability levels at age 70 and cognitive slopes from age 70 to 82. OnlyAPOEe4 carrier status was found to be reliably informative of general- and domain-specific cognitive decline, despite there being many life-course correlates of cognitive level at age 70.APOEe4 carriers had significantly steeper slopes across all three fluid cognitive domains compared with non-carriers, especially for memory (β = −0.234,p < 0.001) and general cognitive function (β = −0.246,p < 0.001), denoting a widening gap in cognitive functioning with increasing age. Our findings suggest that when many other candidate predictors of cognitive ageing slope are entered en masse, their unique contributions account for relatively small proportions of variance, beyond variation inAPOEe4 status. We conclude thatAPOEe4 status is important for identifying those at greater risk for accelerated cognitive ageing, even among ostensibly healthy individuals.
Human SLFN5 and its Xenopus Laevis ortholog regulate entry into mitosis and oocyte meiotic resumption
Authors: Vit Gianmatteo , Hirth Alexander , Neugebauer Nicolas , Kraft Bianca N. , Sigismondo Gianluca , Cazzola Anna , Tessmer Claudia , Duro Joana , Krijgsveld Jeroen , Hofmann Ilse , Berger Michael , Klüter Harald , Niehrs Christof , Nilsson Jakob , Krämer Alwin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe Schlafen gene family was first described in mice as a regulator of thymocyte development. Further studies showed involvement of human orthologs in different processes related with viral replication, cellular proliferation, and differentiation. In recent years, a new role for human Slfn11 in DNA replication and chromatin remodeling was described. As commonly observed in many gene families, Slfn paralogs show a tissue-specific expression. This made it difficult to reach conclusions which can be valid in different biological models regarding the function of the different Schlafen proteins. In the present study, we investigate the involvement of SLFN5 in cell-cycle regulation and cell proliferation. A careful analysis of SLFN5 expression revealed that SLFN5 is highly expressed in proliferating tissues and that the protein is ubiquitously present in all the tissues and cell line models we analyzed. Very interestingly, SLFN5 expression oscillates during cell cycle, peaking during S phase. The fact that SLFN5 interacts with protein phosphatase 2A and that SLFN5 depletion causes cell cycle arrest and cellular apoptosis, suggests a direct involvement of this human paralog in cell cycle progression and cellular proliferation. We substantiated our in vitro and in cellulo results using Xenopus laevis oocytes to show that mRNA depletion of the unique Slfn gene present in Xenopus, whose protein sequence shares 80% of homology with SLFN5, recapitulates the phenotype observed in human cells preventing the resumption of meiosis during oocyte development.
Atezolizumab plus anthracycline-based chemotherapy in metastatic triple-negative breast cancer: the randomized, double-blind phase 2b ALICE trial
Authors: Røssevold Andreas Hagen , Andresen Nikolai Kragøe , Bjerre Christina Annette , Gilje Bjørnar , Jakobsen Erik Hugger , Raj Sunil Xavier , Falk Ragnhild Sørum , Russnes Hege Giercksky , Jahr Thea , Mathiesen Randi Ruud , Lømo Jon , Garred Øystein , Chauhan Sudhir Kumar , Lereim Ragnhild Reehorst , Dunn Claire , Naume Bjørn , Kyte Jon Amund 
Published: December 2022

AbstractImmune checkpoint inhibitors have shown efficacy against metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (mTNBC) but only for PD-L1positive disease. The randomized, placebo-controlled ALICE trial (NCT03164993) evaluated the addition of atezolizumab (anti-PD-L1) to immune-stimulating chemotherapy in mTNBC. Patients received pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD) and low-dose cyclophosphamide in combination with atezolizumab (atezo-chemo; n = 40) or placebo (placebo-chemo; n = 28). Primary endpoints were descriptive assessment of progression-free survival in the per-protocol population (>3 atezolizumab and >2 PLD doses; n = 59) and safety in the full analysis set (FAS; all patients starting therapy; n = 68). Adverse events leading to drug discontinuation occurred in 18% of patients in the atezo-chemo arm (7/40) and in 7% of patients in the placebo-chemo arm (2/28). Improvement in progression-free survival was indicated in the atezo-chemo arm in the per-protocol population (median 4.3 months versus 3.5 months; hazard ratio (HR) = 0.57; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.33–0.99; log-rank P = 0.047) and in the FAS (HR = 0.56; 95% CI 0.33–0.95; P = 0.033). A numerical advantage was observed for both the PD-L1positive (n = 27; HR = 0.65; 95% CI 0.27–1.54) and PD-L1negative subgroups (n = 31; HR = 0.57, 95% CI 0.27–1.21). The progression-free proportion after 15 months was 14.7% (5/34; 95% CI 6.4–30.1%) in the atezo-chemo arm versus 0% in the placebo-chemo arm. The addition of atezolizumab to PLD/cyclophosphamide was tolerable with an indication of clinical benefit, and the findings warrant further investigation of PD1/PD-L1 blockers in combination with immunomodulatory chemotherapy.
A massive dataset of the NeuroCognitive Performance Test, a web-based cognitive assessment
Authors: Jaffe Paul I. , Kaluszka Aaron , Ng Nicole F. , Schafer Robert J. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe present a dataset of approximately 5.5 million subtest scores from over 750,000 adults who completed the NeuroCognitive Performance Test (NCPT; Lumos Labs, Inc.), a validated, self-administered cognitive test accessed via web browser. The dataset includes assessment scores from eight test batteries consisting of 5–11 subtests that collectively span several cognitive domains including working memory, visual attention, and abstract reasoning. In addition to the raw scores and normative data from each subtest, the dataset includes basic demographic information from each participant (age, gender, and educational background). The scale and diversity of the dataset provides an unprecedented opportunity for researchers to investigate population-level variability in cognitive abilities and their relation to demographic factors. To facilitate reuse of this dataset by other researchers, we provide a Python module that supports several common preprocessing steps.
Investigating soil properties and vegetation parameters in different biochar-amended vegetated soil at large suction for application in bioengineered structures
Authors: Hussain Rojimul , Ravi K. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBioengineered structures, such as landfill cover, vegetated slopes or embankments, green roof and turf are comprised of soil and vegetation where vegetation imparts stability and protection through root reinforcement and hydrologic action. Soil in bioengineered structures often compacted and subjected to prolong drying due to irregular irrigation which necessitates the investigation of soil properties and vegetation growth in biochar-amended soil (BAS) under large suction range and it is scarce in the literature. In the present study, the effect of different biochar types on soil properties, and the vegetation growth in compacted soil and under large suction range was investigated for application in bioengineered structures. The results revealed that the biochar amendment decreased the dry density (5–32%) and increased the water retention capacity (θs by 15–104%, θ1500 by 82–445% and plant available water content (PAWC) by 22–55%), pH (28–77%) and cation exchange capacity (CEC, 16–723%) of the soil. Further, the vegetation growth i.e., vegetation density, dry root mass and shoot mass increased by 8–13%, 33–108% and 4–157% respectively after biochar amendment. The vegetation wilting was started at a higher suction (~ 900 kPa) relative to bare soil (800 kPa), the permanent wilting point (PWP) increased (by 3–35%) and the complete photosynthetic activity remained unchanged at a higher suction (1600 kPa) relative to bare soil (1050 kPa) after biochar amendment. Among the biochar types i.e., Sugarcane Bagasse biochar (SBB), Mesquite biochar (MB) and Water Hyacinth biochar (WHB) tested, the MB showed the best performance i.e., the suitable vegetation growth and health status. The improved water retention due to increased porosity, specific surface area (SSA) and presence of hydrophilic functional groups, and the higher pH, CEC and lower dry density in BAS attributed to the higher vegetation growth. The findings of the present study suggest the application of BAS in bioengineered structures.
Predicting 180-day mortality for women with ovarian cancer using machine learning and patient-reported outcome data
Authors: Sidey-Gibbons Chris J. , Sun Charlotte , Schneider Amy , Lu Sheng-Chieh , Lu Karen , Wright Alexi , Meyer Larissa 
Published: December 2022

AbstractContrary to national guidelines, women with ovarian cancer often receive treatment at the end of life, potentially due to the difficulty in accurately estimating prognosis. We trained machine learning algorithms to guide prognosis by predicting 180-day mortality for women with ovarian cancer using patient-reported outcomes (PRO) data. We collected data from a single academic cancer institution in the United States. Women completed biopsychosocial PRO measures every 90 days. We randomly partitioned our dataset into training and testing samples. We used synthetic minority oversampling to reduce class imbalance in the training dataset. We fitted training data to six machine learning algorithms and combined their classifications on the testing dataset into an unweighted voting ensemble. We assessed each algorithm's accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) using testing data. We recruited 245 patients who completed 1319 PRO assessments. The final voting ensemble produced state-of-the-art results on the task of predicting 180-day mortality for ovarian cancer paitents (Accuracy = 0.79, Sensitivity = 0.71, Specificity = 0.80, AUROC = 0.76). The algorithm correctly identified 25 of the 35 women in the testing dataset who died within 180 days of assessment. Machine learning algorithms trained using PRO data offer encouraging performance in predicting whether a woman with ovarian cancer will die within 180 days. This model could be used to drive data-driven end-of-life care and address current shortcomings in care delivery. Our model demonstrates the potential of biopsychosocial PROM information to make substantial contributions to oncology prediction modeling. This model could inform clinical decision-making Future research is needed to validate these findings in a larger, more diverse sample.
Impairment of FOXM1 expression in mesenchymal cells from patients with myeloid neoplasms, de novo and therapy-related, may compromise their ability to support hematopoiesis
Authors: Falconi Giulia , Galossi Elisa , Fabiani Emiliano , Pieraccioli Marco , Travaglini Serena , Hajrullaj Hajro , Cerretti Raffaella , Palmieri Raffaele , Latagliata Roberto , Maurillo Luca , Voso Maria Teresa 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) exhibit multiple abnormalities in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemias (AML), including reduced proliferative and clonogenic capacity, altered morphology, impaired immunoregulatory properties and capacity to support hematopoiesis. Here, we investigated expression of the FOXM1 gene, a transcription factor driving G2/M gene expression, in BM-MSCs isolated from patients with MDS and AML, de novo and therapy-related, compared to BM-MSCs isolated from healthy donors (HD). We observed a statistically significant downregulation of FOXM1 expression in BM-MSCs isolated from MDS and AML patients, as compared to controls. In parallel, expression of FOXM1 mitotic targets (CCNB1, CDC20, PLK1 and NDC80) was suppressed in patients’ BM-MSCs, as compared to HD. No differences in the expression of FOXM1 and its mitotic targets were observed in BM-mononuclear cells from the different sources. From a functional standpoint, silencing of FOXM1 mRNA in healthy MSC induced a significant decrease in the expression of its targets. In this line, healthy MSC silenced for FOXM1 showed an impaired ability to support hematopoiesis in vitro. These findings suggest that deregulation of FOXM1 may be involved in the senescent phenotype observed in MSC derived from myeloid neoplasms.
Earthquake multi-classification detection based velocity and displacement data filtering using machine learning algorithms
Authors: Murti Muhammad Ary , Junior Rio , Ahmed Ali Najah , Elshafie Ahmed 
Published: December 2022

AbstractEarthquake is one of the natural disasters that have a big impact on society. Currently, there are many studies on earthquake detection. However, the vibrations that were detected by sensors were not only vibrations caused by the earthquake, but also other vibrations. Therefore, this study proposed an earthquake multi-classification detection with machine learning algorithms that can distinguish earthquake and non-earthquake, and vandalism vibration using acceleration seismic waves. In addition, velocity and displacement as integration products of acceleration have been considered additional features to improve the performances of machine learning algorithms. Several machine learning algorithms such as Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random Forest (RF), Decision Tree (DT), and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) have been used to develop the best algorithm for earthquake multi-classification detection. The results of this study indicate that the ANN algorithm is the best algorithm to distinguish between earthquake and non-earthquake, and vandalism vibrations. Moreover, it’s also more resistant to various input features. Furthermore, using velocity and displacement as additional features has been proven to increase the performance of every model.
Differentiated mental health patterns in pregnancy during COVID-19 first two waves in Sweden: a mixed methods study using digital phenotyping
Authors: Fransson Emma , Karalexi Maria , Kimmel Mary , Bränn Emma , Kollia Natasa , Tas Auke , van Zoest Vera , Nordling Eira , Skalkidou Alkistis , Papadopoulos Fotios C. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractTo utilize modern tools to assess depressive and anxiety symptoms, wellbeing and life conditions in pregnant women during the first two waves of the COVID-19 pandemic in Sweden. Pregnant women (n = 1577) were recruited through the mobile application Mom2B. Symptoms of depression, anxiety and wellbeing were assessed during January 2020–February 2021. Movement data was collected using the phone’s sensor. Data on Google search volumes for “Corona” and Covid-related deaths were obtained. Qualitative analysis of free text responses regarding maternity care was performed. Two peaks were seen for depressive symptoms, corresponding to the two waves. Higher prevalence of anxiety was only noted during the first wave. A moderating effect of the two waves in the association of depression, anxiety, and well-being with Covid deaths was noted; positive associations during the first wave and attenuated or became negative during the second wave. Throughout, women reported on cancelled healthcare appointments and worry about partners not being allowed in hospital. The association of mental health outcomes with relevant covariates may vary during the different phases in a pandemic, possibly due to adaptation strategies on a personal and societal/healthcare level. Digital phenotyping can help healthcare providers and governmental bodies to in real time monitor high-risk groups during crises, and to adjust the support offered.