bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and validation of a risk prediction model for incident liver cancer
Authors: Liu Yingxin , Zhang Jingyi , Wang Weifeng , Li Guowei 
Published: December 2022

ObjectiveWe aimed to develop and validate a risk prediction model for liver cancer based on routinely available risk factors using the data from UK Biobank prospective cohort study.MethodsThis analysis included 359,489 participants (2,894,807 person-years) without a previous diagnosis of cancer. We used the Fine-Gray regression model to predict the incident risk of liver cancer, accounting for the competing risk of all-cause death. Model discrimination and calibration were validated internally. Decision curve analysis was conducted to quantify the clinical utility of the model. Nomogram was built based on regression coefficients.ResultsGood discrimination performance of the model was observed in both development and validation datasets, with an area under the curve (95% confidence interval) for 5-year risk of 0.782 (0.748–0.816) and 0.771 (0.702–0.840) respectively. The calibration showed fine agreement between observed and predicted risks. The model yielded higher positive net benefits in the decision curve analysis than considering either all participants as being at high or low risk, which indicated good clinical utility.ConclusionA new risk prediction model for liver cancer composed of routinely available risk factors was developed. The model had good discrimination, calibration and clinical utility, which may help with the screening and management of liver cancer for general population in the public health field.
Applications of contemporary artificial intelligence technology in forensic odontology as primary forensic identifier: A scoping review
Authors: Mohammad Norhasmira , Ahmad Rohana , Kurniawan Arofi , Mohd Yusof Mohd Yusmiaidil Putera 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundForensic odontology may require a visual or clinical method during identification. Sometimes it may require forensic experts to refer to the existing technique to identify individuals, for example, by using the atlas to estimate the dental age. However, the existing technology can be a complicated procedure for a large-scale incident requiring a more significant number of forensic identifications, particularly during mass disasters. This has driven many experts to perform automation in their current practice to improve efficiency.ObjectiveThis article aims to evaluate current artificial intelligence applications and discuss their performance concerning the algorithm architecture used in forensic odontology.MethodsThis study summarizes the findings of 28 research papers published between 2010 and June 2022 using the Arksey and O'Malley framework, updated by the Joanna Briggs Institute Framework for Scoping Reviews methodology, highlighting the research trend of artificial intelligence technology in forensic odontology. In addition, a literature search was conducted on Web of Science (WoS), Scopus, Google Scholar, and PubMed, and the results were evaluated based on their content and significance.ResultsThe potential application of artificial intelligence technology in forensic odontology can be categorized into four: (1) human bite marks, (2) sex determination, (3) age estimation, and (4) dental comparison. This powerful tool can solve humanity's problems by giving an adequate number of datasets, the appropriate implementation of algorithm architecture, and the proper assignment of hyperparameters that enable the model to perform the prediction at a very high level of performance.ConclusionThe reviewed articles demonstrate that machine learning techniques are reliable for studies involving continuous features such as morphometric parameters. However, machine learning models do not strictly require large training datasets to produce promising results. In contrast, deep learning enables the processing of unstructured data, such as medical images, which require large volumes of data. Occasionally, transfer learning was used to overcome the limitation of data. In the meantime, this method's capacity to automatically learn task-specific feature representations has made it a significant success in forensic odontology.
Efficacy of a between-session homework component delivered digitally for the treatment of adjustment disorders: Results from a pilot randomized clinical trial
Authors: Quero Soledad , Díaz-García Amanda , Fernández-Buendía Sara , Molés Mar , Tur Cintia , Castilla Diana , Cuijpers Pim , Botella Cristina 
Published: December 2022

Background: Adjustment Disorder (AjD) is one of the most frequently diagnosed mental disorders worldwide. However, there is still no treatment of choice for this problem. One of the first treatment programs specifically designed for AjD is the one presented in this study, a CBT protocol that uses Virtual Reality (VR) to improve patients’ adherence. Another key aspect to improve treatment outcomes is the use of between-sessions homework. However, little is known about how to increase patient engagement with these tasks. The use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) can help patients to see homework as less demanding and provides greater flexibility. A previous study tested the feasibility of TEO (Online Emotional Therapy), a program to implement online homework during treatment. The aim of this study is to present session-to-session efficacy data from the homework assignment component and the patients’ preferences and opinions about this component in both formats (Traditional vs. TEO).Methods: A two-arm pilot randomised clinical trial (RCT) was conducted with 57 patients with AjD. The two groups received the same CBT intervention with VR support, but one group completed homework in the traditional way and the other using TEO. Mood, self-efficacy and positive and negative emotions were measured to test the effect of the homework component in each treatment session. Preferences about the homework format were also assessed before and after treatment.Results: Both types of administration produced significant improvements in mood, self-efficacy and emotional variables after completion of the homework component and before and after each homework session. Effect sizes ranged from small to large, with no differences between groups. Regarding the acceptability of the program, most participants preferred the TEO condition both before starting the treatment and after completing the homework assignment. Overall, participants were satisfied with all homework sessions and found them useful. Again, no significant differences were found between groups.Conclusion: This is the first time that the effect of an online homework program during AjD treatment has been tested. It is proposed that this way of implementing homework could be as effective as the traditional format, but would be preferred by patients.Clinical Trial Registration:clinicaltrials.gov, identifier NCT02452411
pyGPI5: A python D- and E-region chemistry and ionization model
Authors: Kaeppler Stephen R. , Marshall Robert , Sanchez Ennio R. , Juarez Madera Diana H. , Troyer Riley , Jaynes Allison N. 
Published: December 2022

We present a Python implementation of a D- and E-region chemistry and ionization code called pyGPI5. Particle precipitation that penetrates into the E- and D-region of the ionosphere-thermosphere causes significant enhancements of the electron density. Dissociative recombination of molecular ions with electrons is the primary electron loss mechanism in the E-region, down to approximately 85 km. However, below 85 km, chemical processes become significantly more complicated with positive and negative ions being generated in addition to electrons. The complex D-region ion chemistry has been known for many decades. We present a formulation to quantify the concentrations of four ion species composed of positive and negative, light and heavy ions, and the electrons. The implementation we describe in this investigation solves five ordinary stiff differential equations simultaneously. We present an overview of the code, along with discussions of the reaction rates, and assumptions used in the model. We describe an implementation of the electron transport model to quantify the altitude ionization profile caused by energetic particle precipitation. We show how to instantiate the model, generate the ion and electron profiles as a function of altitude for background conditions, how to generate altitude ionization profiles, and running the code to produce ion and electron profiles caused by energetic particle precipitation. Recent investigations that have used a D-region chemistry model are discussed, along with some applications.
The spectral features and detectability of small, cyclic silicon carbide clusters
Authors: Sehring Christopher M. , Palmer C. Zachary , Westbrook Brent R. , Fortenberry Ryan C. 
Published: December 2022

Rovibrational spectral data for several tetra-atomic silicon carbide clusters (TASCCs) are computed in this work using a CCSD(T)-F12b/cc-pCVTZ-F12 quartic force field. Accurate theoretical spectroscopic data may facilitate the observation of TASCCs in the interstellar medium which may lead to a more complete understanding of how the smallest silicon carbide (SiC) solids are formed. Such processes are essential for understanding SiC dust grain formation. Due to SiC dust prevalence in the interstellar medium, this may also shed light on subsequent planetary formation. Rhomboidal Si2C2 is shown here to have a notably intense (247 km mol−1) anharmonic vibrational frequency at 988.1 cm−1 (10.1 μm) for ν2, falling into one of the spectral emission features typically associated with unknown infrared bands of various astronomical regions. Notable intensities are also present for several of the computed anharmonic vibrational frequencies including the cyclic forms of C4, SiC3, Si3C, and Si4. These features in the 6–10 μm range are natural targets for infrared observation with the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST)’s MIRI instrument. Additionally, t-Si2C2, d-Si3C, and r-SiC3 each possess dipole moments of greater than 2.0 D making them interesting targets for radioastronomical searches especially since d-SiC3 is already known in astrophysical media.
respostas dos governos municipais à Covid-19 no Brasil:
Authors: Mendes da Rocha Marta , Gomes de Almeida Paula Emília , Gomes Tenório Giliard , Maciel Artuzo Rafael , Delgado Malvaccini Mendes Helena 
Published: December 2022

Este artigo analisa as respostas governamentais à pandemia de Covid-19 no Brasil no que se refere às medidas de distanciamento social durante os primeiros meses de sua eclosão. Desde o início da pandemia a resposta à crise tem sido liderada por prefeitos e governadores. A maior parte das análises centrou-se nas medidas adotadas por governos estaduais e capitais, deixando em segundo plano as cidades médias. Neste artigo analisamos as medidas legais voltadas para fomentar o distanciamento social em uma amostra de 49 municípios com mais de 200 mil habitantes. Utilizamos o índice elaborado por Moraes (2020) para classificar as medidas quanto ao seu grau de rigor. A análise revelou convergências e divergências entre as medidas adotadas no período de março a junho de 2020. Corrobora que os prefeitos das cidades médias fizeram uso de suas prerrogativas, mas suas decisões foram constragidas pelas normas estaduais e pelo tipo de relacionamento estabelecido entre estados e municípios.
Palavras-chave: Covid-19, pandemia, distanciamento social, municípios, governos locais
Avaliação do conhecimento da equipe de enfermagem em terapia nutricional: teste antes e depois
Authors: Pereira Juliana , Caetano Horta de Lima Rafaela , Aparecida Barbosa de Castro Edna , Santos Kelli Borges dos 
Published: December 2022

Objetivo: avaliar conhecimento da equipe de enfermagem após capacitação em terapia nutricional. Método: estudo observacional, transversal, descritivo, de natureza quantitativa. Foram convidados a participar do estudo todos os profissionais de enfermagem que atuavam no hospital e foram parte da amostra, aqueles que concordaram. Aplicou-se um questionário estruturado, auto formulado pelos pesquisadores, com base nas últimas evidências na temática e de acordo com protocolos institucionais, antes e após curso de capacitação em serviço, do qual participaram 46 profissionais. Resultados: a maioria foi constituída por técnicos de enfermagem (65,2%), do sexo feminino (69,6%) e idade entre 31 e 40 anos (56,4%) que afirmou conhecer a atuação da equipe multidisciplinar de terapia nutricional (95,7%). Em relação à lavagem e à fixação do cateter nasoentérico, observa-se que melhorou a porcentagem de acertos após a capacitação (15%). Sobre a desobstrução do cateter alcançou 100% de acertos. Houve piora do escore de acertos sobre o posicionamento do cateter após a capacitação (78,3% para 52,2%). Em relação a nutrição parenteral, o percentual de acertos foi de 78,25% para 92,4%. Conclusão: Foi possível observar melhora no percentual de acertos na maioria dos tópicos avaliados.
Abstract
Objective: to evaluate the nursing team's knowledge after training in nutritional therapy. Method: observational, cross-sectional, descriptive and quantitative study. All nursing professionals working at the hospital were invited to participate in the study, and those who agreed were part of the sample. A structured questionnaire was applied, self-formulated by the researchers, based on the latest evidence on the subject and according to institutional protocols, before and after in-service training course, of which 46 professionals participated. Results: the majority were nursing technicians (65.2%), female gender (69.6%) and age 31-40 years (56.4%). They claimed to know the multidisciplinary nutrition therapy team (95.7%). Regarding nasoenteric catheter washing and fixation, the percentage of correct answers improved after the training (15%), and regarding the catheter unblocking, it reached 100% of correct answers. There was a worsening of the score on catheter positioning after training (78.3% to 52.2%). About parenteral nutrition, the percentage of correct answers went from 78.25% to 92.4% after training. Conclusion: it was possible to observe an improvement in the percentage of correct answers in most of the topics assessed.
Gout among Patients with Dialysis: Prevalence, Associated Factors, Treatment Patterns, and Outcomes—Population-Based Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Zhang Yi , Kshirsagar Onkar , Marder Brad A. , Cohen Amy R. , LaMoreaux Brian , Bleyer Anthony J. 
Published: December 2022

Key Points

Population-based retrospective cohort study to evaluate clinical correlates of gout and its impact on patients undergoing chronic dialysis.13.5% of US dialysis-dependent patients had gout and were older and male, with a higher prevalence of hypertension and cardiovascular disease.Gout diagnosis was associated with a higher incidence of cardiovascular conditions, levels of anemia, hospitalization, and mortality.

Background
An association between gout and nondialysis chronic renal disease has long been recognized, yet limited research exists regarding prevalence, treatment, anemia management, and outcomes in patients with ESKD undergoing dialysis.

Methods
Using data from United States Renal Data System, we conducted a population-based retrospective cohort study in adult patients covered by Medicare and on dialysis in 2017. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to estimate potential factors and odds of gout diagnosis. Antigout medications and impact on anemia management were assessed and compared between gout and nongout dialysis patients using descriptive and regression analyses. Associations for all-cause mortality and cardiovascular-related hospitalizations during 1 year of study follow-up were compared between gout and nongout patients using multivariate Cox regression models.

Results
Of 231,841 ESKD Medicare patients in 2017 undergoing continuous dialysis, 31,300 (13.5%) had one or more gout diagnostic code(s). Increased odds of having a gout diagnosis were independently associated with older age, male sex, Asian race, obesity, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease. Gout diagnosis was associated with higher prevalence for anemia as indicated by increased erythropoietin-stimulating agent requirements (odds ratio=1.18 for high versus low erythropoietin-stimulating agent dose, 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.14 to 1.22) and likelihood of blood transfusions (odds ratio=1.34, 95% CI, 1.30 to 1.38). During the 1-year study follow-up, mortality among gout versus nongout patients was higher by 3% (95% CI, 0 to 6) and a composite association of mortality and cardiovascular disease hospitalization was higher by 6% (95% CI, 3 to 9) after adjusting for comorbid conditions.

Conclusions
A gout diagnosis was found in 13.5% of US dialysis-dependent patients and was associated with a higher burden of comorbid cardiovascular conditions as well as an elevated incidence of hospitalization and mortality. These observations improve our current understanding of gout among the dialysis population and highlight the importance of new and better treatments to improve outcomes.
Hábitos associados à mordida aberta anterior em crianças
Authors: Alencar Layla Beatriz Barroso de , Oliveira Elaine Bezerra de , Silva Ismael Lima , Sousa Samara Crislâny Araújo de , Araújo Vitória Freitas de , Fonseca Fátima Roneiva Alves 
Published: December 2022

Objetivo: analisar na literatura os hábitos associados à mordida aberta anterior em crianças.
Metodologia: realizou-se uma pesquisa bibliográfica referente aos artigos publicados de 2015 a 2020 nos bancos de dados on-line PubMed (National Libary of Medicine) e Embase, utilizando descritores e sinônimos MeSH, com as seguintes etapas: identificação dos trabalhos, triagem, elegibilidade e inclusão. Foram incluídos ensaios clínicos randomizados, estudos clínicos transversais ou de coorte, artigos que demonstrassem hábitos associados à mordida aberta anterior em crianças de 2 a 12 anos de idade. Relatos de caso e revisões da literatura foram excluídos.
Resultados: de um total de 394 artigos encontrados apenas 9 foram selecionados para o estudo. Mediante a análise, observou-se que a manutenção de hábitos orais como sucção digital, de acordo com o que foi afirmado em 66,6% dos trabalhos, de chupeta (77,7%), uso de mamadeira (33,3%) e duração do tempo de aleitamento materno (22,2%), pode ocasionar alterações na oclusão, fala, respiração, crescimento craniofacial, afetando diretamente a qualidade de vida da criança.
Conclusão: uma vez que a infância é a fase adequada para a implementação de novos hábitos saudáveis e tratamentos, é imprescindível que o cirurgião-dentista conheça essa associação e adote medidas terapêuticas e preventivas.
Candida azymoides sp. n., a yeast species from tropical fruits and larva (Ascomycota) of Anastrepha mucronota (Diptera: Tephritidae)
Authors: Rosa Carlos A. , Morais Paula B. , Lachance Marc-André , Pimenta Raphael S. , Santos Renata O. , Trindade Rita C. , Figueroa Dangely L. 
Published: December 2022

Four strains of the new species Candida azymoides were isolated from larvae of Anastrepha mucronota (Diptera: Tephritidae) collected from ripe fruits of Peritassa campestris (“bacupari”, Hippocrateaceae) in the state of Tocantins and from ripe fruits of Eugenia uniflora (“pitanga”, Myrtaceae) collected in the state of Sergipe, Brazil. Candida azymoides is the sister species to C. azyma in the Wickerhamiella clade, in the Saccharomycetes. The type strain is Candida azymoides UFMG-R287 (CBS 10508).
Keywords: Candida azymoides, new yeast species, tropical fruits, Anastrepha mucronota.
Recovery analysis of log-sum minimization under mutual coherence condition
Authors: zhou xin 
Published: December 2022

<p>The log-sum minimization has been widely employed in signal and image processing. In this paper, in order to analyze its applicable conditions and achievable boundary for compressed sensing scenario, some theoretical derivations of the log-sum function are studied based on the mutual coherence (MC) of measurement matrix. Firstly, the existence condition of the global minimum is demonstrated for the log-sum minimization without noise perturbation. Secondly, for the iterative threshold log-sum (ITL) algorithm, the theoretical performance guarantee of recovering sparse signal disturbed by noise is proposed. Additionally, comprehensive experimental results verify the theoretical analysis for the log-sum one and display the advantages and disadvantages of four sparse estimation algorithms, i.e., the ITL algorithm, <em>ℓ</em><sub>1<em>/</em>2</sub> regularization, <em>ℓ</em><sub>1</sub> regularization and orthogonal matching pursuit (OMP).</p>
Experimental demonstration of velocimetry by actively stabilised coherent optical transfer
Authors: Dix-Matthews Benjamin , Gozzard David , Karpathakis Skevos , Walsh Shane , McCann Ayden , Frost Alex , Schediwy Sascha 
Published: December 2022

<p>We report on the development of a system called velocimetry by actively stabilised coherent optical transfer (VASCOT) that is capable of overcoming these challenges. VASCOT optically tracks the phase of the returned signal to allow for narrow-band photo-detection, thus transferring the requirements on the photodetector bandwidth to the phase-tracking bandwidth. The pointing challenges are handled by an active tracking terminal capable of suppressing angular pointing errors to the moving target. VASCOT is experimentally demonstrated over a 584 m atmospheric link to a corner-cube retro-reflector (CCR) on an airborne drone, with cycleslip-free phase tracking achieved for the three minute experiment. It was shown that the in-line target velocity measurement could achieve residual uncertainties below 2 nm/s within 5 s of averaging. VASCOT was also able to provide an absolute range measurement with a statistical error of ±13.7 mm, that agreed with an independent GPS-derived range measurement to within the uncertainty of the GPS module.</p>
Habilidades de pensamiento crítico creativo e inteligencia emocional en estudiantes universitarios: Una revisión bibliométrica desde la literatura.
Authors: Hernández-Flórez Nubia , Moncada-Navas Francia , Lhoeste-Charris Álvaro , Klimenko Olena , Ortiz González Andrea Liliana 
Published: December 2022

El propósito de este artículo es realizar una revisión sistemática de la literatura con relación a las variables de pensamiento crítico creativo e inteligencia emocional en estudiantes universitarios. Para la realización de la búsqueda de la información se tuvo en cuenta los operadores booleanos “thinking” and” Skills” or “Creative” or “ Critical” en la siguientes bases de datos: Taylor y Francis, Springer y Proquest. Obteniendo como resultado artículos elegibles (n=1835) y posterior al cribado de información con la aplicación de criterios de exclusión, el resultado final fue de 32 artículos descritos en la matriz. Dentro de los resultados se observa que Indonesia es el país que más ha publicado en esta área y el instrumento más utilizado es el Test de Pensamiento Crítico con 65,6%. Finalmente, las universidades cada vez son más conscientes de la necesidad de promover habilidades de pensamiento crítico creativo en sus estudiantes, sin dejar a un lado la inteligencia emocional como componente esencial que juega un papel determinante en el desarrollo de habilidades de pensamiento, asimismo, es imperativo brindar herramientas, escenarios ficticios o reales, metodologías activas, para promover el aprendizaje significativo y formar futuros profesionales capaces de resolver problemas de su entorno desde una mirada crítica y creativa.