bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Myeloid cells promote interferon signaling-associated deterioration of the hematopoietic system
Authors: Feyen Jacqueline , Ping Zhen , Chen Lanpeng , van Dijk Claire , van Tienhoven Tim V. D. , van Strien Paulina M. H. , Hoogenboezem Remco M. , Wevers Michiel J. W. , Sanders Mathijs A. , Touw Ivo P. , Raaijmakers Marc H. G. P. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractInnate and adaptive immune cells participate in the homeostatic regulation of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Here, we interrogate the contribution of myeloid cells, the most abundant cell type in the mammalian bone marrow, in a clinically relevant mouse model of neutropenia. Long-term genetic depletion of neutrophils and eosinophils results in activation of multipotent progenitors but preservation of HSCs. Depletion of myeloid cells abrogates HSC expansion, loss of serial repopulation and lymphoid reconstitution capacity and remodeling of HSC niches, features previously associated with hematopoietic aging. This is associated with mitigation of interferon signaling in both HSCs and their niches via reduction of NK cell number and activation. These data implicate myeloid cells in the functional decline of hematopoiesis, associated with activation of interferon signaling via a putative neutrophil-NK cell axis. Innate immunity may thus come at the cost of system deterioration through enhanced chronic inflammatory signaling to stem cells and their niches.
Short-term exposure to wildfire-related PM2.5 increases mortality risks and burdens in Brazil
Authors: Ye Tingting , Xu Rongbin , Yue Xu , Chen Gongbo , Yu Pei , Coêlho Micheline S. Z. S. , Saldiva Paulo H. N. , Abramson Michael J. , Guo Yuming , Li Shanshan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractTo assess mortality risks and burdens associated with short-term exposure to wildfire-related fine particulate matter with diameter ≤ 2.5 μm (PM2.5), we collect daily mortality data from 2000 to 2016 for 510 immediate regions in Brazil, the most wildfire-prone area. We integrate data from multiple sources with a chemical transport model at the global scale to isolate daily concentrations of wildfire-related PM2.5 at a 0.25 × 0.25 resolution. With a two-stage time-series approach, we estimate (i) an increase of 3.1% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.4, 3.9%) in all-cause mortality, 2.6% (95%CI: 1.5, 3.8%) in cardiovascular mortality, and 7.7% (95%CI: 5.9, 9.5) in respiratory mortality over 0–14 days with each 10 μg/m3 increase in daily wildfire-related PM2.5; (ii) 0.65% of all-cause, 0.56% of cardiovascular, and 1.60% of respiratory mortality attributable to acute exposure to wildfire-related PM2.5, corresponding to 121,351 all-cause deaths, 29,510 cardiovascular deaths, and 31,287 respiratory deaths during the study period. In this study, we find stronger associations in females and adults aged ≥ 60 years, and geographic difference in the mortality risks and burdens.
High-capacity free-space optical communications using wavelength- and mode-division-multiplexing in the mid-infrared region
Authors: Zou Kaiheng , Pang Kai , Song Hao , Fan Jintao , Zhao Zhe , Song Haoqian , Zhang Runzhou , Zhou Huibin , Minoofar Amir , Liu Cong , Su Xinzhou , Hu Nanzhe , McClung Andrew , Torfeh Mahsa , Arbabi Amir , Tur Moshe , Willner Alan E. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDue to its absorption properties in atmosphere, the mid-infrared (mid-IR) region has gained interest for its potential to provide high data capacity in free-space optical (FSO) communications. Here, we experimentally demonstrate wavelength-division-multiplexing (WDM) and mode-division-multiplexing (MDM) in a ~0.5 m mid-IR FSO link. We multiplex three ~3.4 μm wavelengths (3.396 μm, 3.397 μm, and 3.398 μm) on a single polarization, with each wavelength carrying two orbital-angular-momentum (OAM) beams. As each beam carries 50-Gbit/s quadrature-phase-shift-keying data, a total capacity of 300 Gbit/s is achieved. The WDM channels are generated and detected in the near-IR (C-band). They are converted to mid-IR and converted back to C-band through the difference frequency generation nonlinear processes. We estimate that the system penalties at a bit error rate near the forward error correction threshold include the following: (i) the wavelength conversions induce ~2 dB optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) penalty, (ii) WDM induces ~1 dB OSNR penalty, and (iii) MDM induces ~0.5 dB OSNR penalty. These results show the potential of using multiplexing to achieve a ~30X increase in data capacity for a mid-IR FSO link.
A brown fat-enriched adipokine Adissp controls adipose thermogenesis and glucose homeostasis
Authors: Chen Qingbo , Huang Lei , Pan Dongning , Hu Kai , Li Rui , Friedline Randall H. , Kim Jason K. , Zhu Lihua Julie , Guertin David A. , Wang Yong-Xu 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe signaling mechanisms underlying adipose thermogenesis have not been fully elucidated. Particularly, the involvement of adipokines that are selectively expressed in brown adipose tissue (BAT) and beige adipocytes remains to be investigated. Here we show that a previously uncharacterized adipokine (UPF0687 protein / human C20orf27 homolog) we named as Adissp (Adipose-secreted signaling protein) is a key regulator for white adipose tissue (WAT) thermogenesis and glucose homeostasis. Adissp expression is adipose-specific and highly BAT-enriched, and its secretion is stimulated by β3-adrenergic activation. Gain-of-functional studies collectively showed that secreted Adissp promotes WAT thermogenesis, improves glucose homeostasis, and protects against obesity. Adipose-specific Adissp knockout mice are defective in WAT browning, and are susceptible to high fat diet-induced obesity and hyperglycemia. Mechanistically, Adissp binds to a putative receptor on adipocyte surface and activates protein kinase A independently of β-adrenergic signaling. These results establish BAT-enriched Adissp as a major upstream signaling component in thermogenesis and offer a potential avenue for the treatment of obesity and diabetes.
A multi-phenotype analysis reveals 19 susceptibility loci for basal cell carcinoma and 15 for squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Seviiri Mathias , Law Matthew H. , Ong Jue-Sheng , Gharahkhani Puya , Fontanillas Pierre ,   The 23andMe Research Team, Aslibekyan Stella , Auton Adam , Babalola Elizabeth , Bell Robert K. , Bielenberg Jessica , Bryc Katarzyna , Bullis Emily , Coker Daniella , Partida Gabriel Cuellar , Dhamija Devika , Das Sayantan , Elson Sarah L. , Filshtein Teresa , Fletez-Brant Kipper , Freyman Will , Gandhi Pooja M. , Heilbron Karl , Hicks Barry , Hinds David A. , Jewett Ethan M. , Jiang Yunxuan , Kukar Katelyn , Lin Keng-Han , Lowe Maya , McCreight Jey , McIntyre Matthew H. , Micheletti Steven J. , Moreno Meghan E. , Mountain Joanna L. , Nandakumar Priyanka , Noblin Elizabeth S. , O’Connell Jared , Petrakovitz Aaron A. , Poznik G. David , Schumacher Morgan , Shastri Anjali J. , Shelton Janie F. , Shi Jingchunzi , Shringarpure Suyash , Tran Vinh , Tung Joyce Y. , Wang Xin , Wang Wei , Weldon Catherine H. , Wilton Peter , Hernandez Alejandro , Wong Corinna , Tchakouté Christophe Toukam , Olsen Catherine M. , Whiteman David C. , MacGregor Stuart 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBasal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma are the most common skin cancers, and have genetic overlap with melanoma, pigmentation traits, autoimmune diseases, and blood biochemistry biomarkers. In this multi-trait genetic analysis of over 300,000 participants from Europe, Australia and the United States, we reveal 78 risk loci for basal cell carcinoma (19 previously unknown and replicated) and 69 for squamous cell carcinoma (15 previously unknown and replicated). The previously unknown risk loci are implicated in cancer development and progression (e.g. CDKL1), pigmentation (e.g. TPCN2), cardiometabolic (e.g. FADS2), and immune-regulatory pathways for innate immunity (e.g. IFIH1), and HIV-1 viral load modulation (e.g. CCR5). We also report an optimised polygenic risk score for effective risk stratification for keratinocyte cancer in the Canadian Longitudinal Study of Aging (794 cases and 18139 controls), which could facilitate skin cancer surveillance e.g. in high risk subpopulations such as transplantees.
High-order dynamic localization and tunable temporal cloaking in ac-electric-field driven synthetic lattices
Authors: Wang Shulin , Qin Chengzhi , Liu Weiwei , Wang Bing , Zhou Feng , Ye Han , Zhao Lange , Dong Jianji , Zhang Xinliang , Longhi Stefano , Lu Peixiang 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDynamic localization (DL) of photons, i.e., the light-motion cancellation effect arising from lattice’s quasi-energy band collapse under a synthetic ac-electric-field, provides a powerful and alternative mechanism to Anderson localization for coherent light confinement. So far only low-order DLs, corresponding to weak ac-fields, have been demonstrated using curved-waveguide lattices where the waveguide’s bending curvature plays the role of ac-field as required in original Dunlap-Kenkre model of DL. However, the inevitable bending losses pose a severe limitation for the observation of high-order DL. Here, we break the weak-field limitation by transferring lattice concepts from spatial to synthetic time dimensions using fiber-loop circuits and observe up to fifth-order DL. We find that high-order DLs possess superior localization and robustness against random noise over lower-order ones. As an exciting application, by judiciously combining low- and high-order DLs, we demonstrate a temporal cloaking scheme with flexible tunability both for cloak’s window size and opening time. Our work pushes DL towards high-order regimes using synthetic-lattice schemes, which may find potential applications in robust signal transmission, protection, processing, and cloaking.
Big data driven perovskite solar cell stability analysis
Authors: Zhang Zhuang , Wang Huanhuan , Jacobsson T. Jesper , Luo Jingshan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDuring the last decade lead halide perovskites have shown great potential for photovoltaic applications. However, the stability of perovskite solar cells still restricts commercialization, and lack of properly implemented unified stability testing and disseminating standards makes it difficult to compare historical stability data for evaluating promising routes towards better device stability. Here, we propose a single indicator to describe device stability that normalizes the stability results with respect to different environmental stress conditions which enables a direct comparison of different stability results. Based on this indicator and an open dataset of heterogeneous stability data of over 7000 devices, we have conducted a statistical analysis to assess the effect of different stability improvement strategies. This provides important insights for achieving more stable perovskite solar cells and we also provide suggestions for future directions in the perovskite solar cell field based on big data utilization.
Activating alternative transport modes in a multidrug resistance efflux pump to confer chemical susceptibility
Authors: Spreacker Peyton J. , Thomas Nathan E. , Beeninga Will F. , Brousseau Merissa , Porter Colin J. , Hibbs Kylie M. , Henzler-Wildman Katherine A. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSmall multidrug resistance (SMR) transporters contribute to antibiotic resistance through proton-coupled efflux of toxic compounds. Previous biophysical studies of the E. coli SMR transporter EmrE suggest that it should also be able to perform proton/toxin symport or uniport, leading to toxin susceptibility rather than resistance in vivo. Here we show EmrE does confer susceptibility to several previously uncharacterized small-molecule substrates in E. coli, including harmane. In vitro electrophysiology assays demonstrate that harmane binding triggers uncoupled proton flux through EmrE. Assays in E. coli are consistent with EmrE-mediated dissipation of the transmembrane pH gradient as the mechanism underlying the in vivo phenotype of harmane susceptibility. Furthermore, checkerboard assays show this alternative EmrE transport mode can synergize with some existing antibiotics, such as kanamycin. These results demonstrate that it is possible to not just inhibit multidrug efflux, but to activate alternative transport modes detrimental to bacteria, suggesting a strategy to address antibiotic resistance.
Vertical redistribution of principle water masses on the Northeast Greenland Shelf
Authors: Gjelstrup Caroline V. B. , Sejr Mikael K. , de Steur Laura , Christiansen Jørgen Schou , Granskog Mats A. , Koch Boris P. , Møller Eva Friis , Winding Mie H. S. , Stedmon Colin A. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe Northeast Greenland shelf (NEGS) is a recipient of Polar Water (PW) from the Arctic Ocean, Greenland Ice Sheet melt, and Atlantic Water (AW). Here, we compile hydrographical measurements to quantify long-term changes in fjords and coastal waters. We find a profound change in the vertical distribution of water masses, with AW shoaling >60 m and PW thinning >50 m since early 2000’s. The properties of these waters have also changed. AW is now 1 °C warmer and the salinity of surface waters and PW are 1.8 and 0.68 lower, respectively. The AW changes have substantially weakened stratification south of ~74°N, indicating increased accessibility of heat and potentially nutrients associated with AW. The Atlantification earlier reported for the eastern Fram Strait and Barents Sea region has also propagated to the NEGS. The increased presence of AW, is an important driver for regional change leading to a likely shift in ecosystem structure and function.
Sirt6 attenuates chondrocyte senescence and osteoarthritis progression
Authors: Ji Ming-liang , Jiang Hua , Li Zhuang , Geng Rui , Hu Jun Zheng , Lin Yu Cheng , Lu Jun 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSirt6 has been implicated as a key regulator in aging-related diseases, including osteoarthritis. However, its functional role and molecular mechanism in chondrocyte senescence and osteoarthritis pathophysiology remain largely undefined. Here we show that Sirt6 deficiency exaggerates chondrocyte senescence and osteoarthritis progression, whereas intra-articular injection of adenovirus-Sirt6 markedly attenuates surgical destabilization of medial meniscus-induced osteoarthritis. Mechanistically, Sirt6 can directly interact with STAT5 and deacetylate STAT5, thus inhibiting the IL-15/JAK3-induced STAT5 translocation from cytoplasm to nucleus, which inactivates IL-15/JAK3/STAT5 signaling. Mass spectrometry revealed that Sirt6 deacetylated conserved lysine 163 on STAT5. Mutation of lysine 163 to arginine in STAT5 abolished the regulatory effect of Sirt6. In vivo, specific ablation of Sirt6 in chondrocytes exacerbated osteoarthritis. Pharmacological activation of Sirt6 substantially alleviated chondrocyte senescence. Taken together, Sirt6 attenuates chondrocyte senescence by inhibiting IL-15/JAK3/STAT5 signaling. Targeting Sirt6 represents a promising new approach for osteoarthritis.
Phase diagrams guide synthesis of highly ordered intermetallic electrocatalysts: separating alloying and ordering stages
Authors: Zeng Wei-Jie , Wang Chang , Yan Qiang-Qiang , Yin Peng , Tong Lei , Liang Hai-Wei 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSupported platinum intermetallic compound catalysts have attracted considerable attention owing to their remarkable activities and durability for the oxygen reduction reaction in proton-exchange membrane fuel cells. However, the synthesis of highly ordered intermetallic compound catalysts remains a challenge owing to the limited understanding of their formation mechanism under high-temperature conditions. In this study, we perform in-situ high-temperature X-ray diffraction studies to investigate the structural evolution in the impregnation synthesis of carbon-supported intermetallic catalysts. We identify the phase-transition-temperature (TPT)-dependent evolution process that involve concurrent (for alloys with high TPT) or separate (for alloys with low TPT) alloying/ordering stages. Accordingly, we realize the synthesis of highly ordered intermetallic catalysts by adopting a separate annealing protocol with a high-temperature alloying stage and a low-temperature ordering stage, which display a high mass activity of 0.96 A mgPt–1 at 0.9 V in H2–O2 fuel cells and a remarkable durability.
Impaired migratory phenotype of CD4+ T cells in Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Mamula Dejan , Khosousi Shervin , He Yachao , Lazarevic Vesna , Svenningsson Per 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDysfunctions in the immune system appear implicated in both disease onset and progression of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Neurodegeneration observed in the brain of PD patients has been associated with neuroinflammation that is linked to alterations in peripheral adaptive immunity, where CD4+T cells are key players. In the present study, we elucidated the immunological aspect of PD by employing a wide range of cellular assays, immunocytochemistry and flow cytometry to examine CD4+T cells. We particularly investigated the role of CD4+T cell migration in the proper functioning of the adaptive immune system. Our data reveal the altered migration potential of CD4+T cells derived from PD patients, along with impaired mitochondrial positioning within the cell and reduced mitochondrial functionality. In addition, a cross-sectional study of p11 levels in CD4+T cell subsets showed a differentially increased level of p11 in Th1, Th2 and Th17 populations. Taken together, these results demonstrate major impairments in the functionality of peripheral CD4+T cells in PD.
Transcriptome signatures preceding the induction of anti-stalk antibodies elicited after universal influenza vaccination
Authors: Aydillo Teresa , Gonzalez-Reiche Ana S. , Stadlbauer Daniel , Amper Mary Anne , Nair Venugopalan D. , Mariottini Chiara , Sealfon Stuart C. , van Bakel Harm , Palese Peter , Krammer Florian , García-Sastre Adolfo 
Published: December 2022

AbstractA phase 1 clinical trial to test the immunogenicity of a chimeric group 1 HA (cHA) universal influenza virus vaccine targeting the conserved stalk domain of the hemagglutinin of influenza viruses was carried out. Vaccination with adjuvanted-inactivated vaccines induced high anti-stalk antibody titers. We sought to identify gene expression signatures that correlate with such induction. Messenger-RNA sequencing in whole blood was performed on the peripheral blood of 53 vaccinees. We generated longitudinal data on the peripheral blood of 53 volunteers, at early (days 3 and 7) and late (28 days) time points after priming and boosting with cHAs. Differentially expressed gene analysis showed no differences between placebo and live-attenuated vaccine groups. However, an upregulation of genes involved in innate immune responses and type I interferon signaling was found at day 3 after vaccination with inactivated adjuvanted formulations. Cell type deconvolution analysis revealed a significant enrichment for monocyte markers and different subsets of dendritic cells as mediators for optimal B cell responses and significant increase of anti-stalk antibodies in sera. A significant upregulation of immunoglobulin-related genes was only observed after administration of adjuvanted vaccines (either as primer or booster) with specific induction of anti-stalk IGVH1-69. This approach informed of specific immune signatures that correlate with robust anti-stalk antibody responses, while also helping to understand the regulation of gene expression induced by cHA proteins under different vaccine regimens.
DeepLontar dataset for handwritten Balinese character detection and syllable recognition on Lontar manuscript
Authors: Siahaan Daniel , Sutramiani Ni Putu , Suciati Nanik , Duija I Nengah , Darma I Wayan Agus Surya 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe digitalization of traditional Palmyra manuscripts, such as Lontar, is the government’s main focus in efforts to preserve Balinese culture. Digitization is done by acquiring Lontar manuscripts through photos or scans. To understand Lontar’s contents, experts usually carry out transliteration. Automatic transliteration using computer vision is generally carried out in several stages: character detection, character recognition, syllable recognition, and word recognition. Many methods can be used for detection and recognition, but they need data to train and evaluate the resulting model. In compiling the dataset, the data needs to be processed and labelled. This paper presented data collection and building datasets for detection and recognition tasks. Lontar was collected from libraries at universities in Bali. Data generation was carried out to produce 400 augmented images from 200 Lontar original images to increase the variousness of data. Annotations were performed to label each character producing over 100,000 characters in 55 character classes. This dataset can be used to train and evaluate performance in character detection and syllable recognition of new manuscripts.
Synthetic tissues lack the fidelity for the use in burn care simulators
Authors: Hannay Vanessa , Rahul F. N. U. , Josyula Kartik , Kruger Uwe , Gallagher Samara , Lee Sangrock , Ye Hanglin , Makled Basiel , Parsey Conner , Norfleet Jack , De Suvranu 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis work compares the mechanical response of synthetic tissues used in burn care simulators from ten different manufacturers with that of ex vivo full thickness burned porcine skin as a surrogate for human skin tissues. This is of high practical importance since incorrect mechanical properties of synthetic tissues may introduce a negative bias during training due to the inaccurate haptic feedback from burn care simulator. A negative training may result in inadequately performed procedures, such as in escharotomy, which may lead to muscle necrosis endangering life and limb. Accurate haptic feedback in physical simulators is necessary to improve the practical training of non-expert providers for pre-deployment/pre-hospital burn care. With the U.S. Army’s emerging doctrine of prolonged field care, non-expert providers must be trained to perform even invasive burn care surgical procedures when indicated. The comparison reported in this article is based on the ultimate tensile stress, ultimate tensile strain, and toughness that are measured at strain rates relevant to skin surgery. A multivariate analysis using logistic regression reveals significant differences in the mechanical properties of the synthetic and the porcine skin tissues. The synthetic and porcine skin tissues show a similar rate dependent behavior. The findings of this study are expected to guide the development of high-fidelity burn care simulators for the pre-deployment/pre-hospital burn care provider education.