bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Single‐Crystal‐to‐Single‐Crystal (SCSC) Transformation of a Binuclear Cadmium (II) Complex to a Discrete Mononuclear Cadmium (II) Complex
Authors: Xiao Li‐Yuan , Zhang Le‐Xi , Kang You‐Ning , Yin Yan‐Yan , Yuan Zi‐Yuan , Ma Teng , Li Lan‐Xun , Luo Cong‐Yuan , Liu Yang , He Yi‐Mei , Bie Li‐Jian 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA new binuclear complex {[Cd(phen)2(H2O)] ⋅ (TMA)2−}2 has been synthesized through the reaction of o‐phenanthroline (phen), 3‐thiophenemalonic acid (H2TMA), and cadmium acetate in a 1 : 2 (v/v) EtOH‐H2O mixture at room temperature. This complex can undergo single‐crystal‐to‐single‐crystal (SCSC) transformation to a new mononuclear complex [Cd(phen)3] ⋅ 2(HTMA)− ⋅ H2TMA} by a simple in‐situ solvent evaporation method at room temperature without changing the reaction system. In the whole SCSC process, with the solvent water molecules decreasing and the concentration of ligands increasing, the phen ligands replace the coordination water and coordinate with cadmium ions, finally resulting in the crystal structure transformation in the solid state.
New Insights into Alkali Metal Tungstates: The High Temperature Polymorphism of Na2WO4, the New Polymorph Li2WO4‐V and the Redetermined Crystal Structure of Li2W2O7
Authors: Hämmer Matthias , Höppe Henning A. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractTrimorphous temperature‐dependent polymorphism (I: above 591°C, II: 589‐591°C, III: below 589°C) was confirmed for sodium tungstate Na2WO4 using DSC and temperature‐programmed powder XRD. Na2WO4‐I crystallises in space group Fddd (no. 70, a=650.28(1), b=1285.12(3), c=1105.26(2) pm, 63 rparam., RBragg = 0.008), for Na2WO4‐II a unit cell is suggested. Moreover, the crystal structure of the new triclinic polymorph Li2WO4‐V prepared employing a LiF flux was elucidated in space group P
(no. 2, a=527.45(2), b=777.69(3), c=797.31(3) pm, α=105.835(2), β=103.391(2), γ=90.581(2)°, 1080 irefl., 100 param., wR2=0.063). Finally, the crystal structure of Li2W2O7 crystallising in space group P
(no. 2, a=505.57(1), b=705.00(2), c=829.03(2) pm, α=69.646(1), β=77.868(1), γ=77.868(1)°, 2386 refl., 105 param., wR2=0.025) was redetermined revealing yet unreported lithium disorder yielding new insights into its high ionic conductivity.
Correction to: CRISPR-Cas9-mediated Gene Editing in Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
Authors: in ’t Groen Stijn L. M. , Broeders Mike , Pijnappel W. W. M. Pim 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn the original version of this book, chapter 16 was published non-open access. It has now been changed to open access under a CC BY 4.0 license and the copyright holder has been updated to “The Author(s).” This book has also been updated with these changes.
Territorialising Circularity
Authors: Furlan Cecilia , Wandl Alexander , Cavalieri Chiara , Unceta Pablo Munoz 
Published: February 2022

AbstractNowadays, the circularity concept dominates the debate on resource management in cities and territories. The idea is often used as a vehicle towards a more sustainable socio-ecological transition, based on the circular economy (CE) framework. Unlike other sustainability frameworks, CE originates in ecological and environmental economics and industrial ecology. It focuses on developing an alternative economic and technological model for production and consumption, avoiding natural resource depletion and redesigning processes and cycles of materials (closed-loops). However, when CE is translated to cities and territories, its environmental, economic and design agency is often neglected. On the one hand, it demands to acknowledge the need for a relational understanding of space, place and actors involved and, on the other, to explore the spatial specificity of CE. Therefore, there is a need for a broader theoretical discourse on the CE’s territoriality as the predominant. Research on circular urban and territorial development demands more than merely upscaling industrial ecosystems diagrams and generating circular businesses. Consequently, what is the role of territory in the CE conceptualisation in the urbanism literature? How to interpret territories through the lens of circularity, which tools, methods are needed? Therefore, territory, its role and meaning in the CE contribution to urban regeneration is the key focus of this text.
Circular City: Urban and Territorial Perspectives
Authors: Lucertini Giulia , Musco Francesco 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe United Nation’s 17 Sustainable development Goals (SDG) can be considered as the lighthouse of the great challenges which humanity will be confronted with. Many of these goals are related to our behaviors and our “take, make, and dispose,” namely, the linear dominant economic model that, in the last centuries, is leading to an ongoing increase of resource consumption and, consequently, a huge generation of waste. In fact, the rate of both natural resource consumption and waste generation are urgent issues, especially in the urban and peri-urban areas that will require proper solutions. The city is and will be even more in the future the most affected and the major drivers of resource consumption since it is expected that by 2050 more than 70% of the population will live in urbanized areas, and cities will grow in number and size. It means that land, water, food, energy, and other natural resource are increasingly necessary, but because resources are limited, it is required to change the linear consumption model in a new circular model of use and consumption where waste is avoided. In the last few years, emerged that waste management practices are improving according to the European Waste Hierarchy guidance, but there is still a wide possibility of improvement. This chapter explores, on one hand, what means the circular city, and on the other hand how to build it suggesting some policy recommendations. Considering urban and peri-urban areas as the space of material and people flows, thus optimizing the space used by flows and improving their interactions, it will be possible to construct another step toward circularity. In that view, the circular city acquires an urban and territorial perspective that can be managed with the urban and territorial tools, measures, policies, and plans, able to link also issues like climate adaptation, resilience, and sustainability. Finally, we argue that important work must be done in the immediate future in order to re-think and re-design urban spaces, urban practices, and infrastructures, thus shift from linear to circular city.
Implications for Safe Outsourcing
Authors: Tillement Stéphanie , Hayes Jan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis chapter describes some of the lessons highlighted by the different authors of the book. By assessing the different contributions, it discusses the main research and managerial challenges related to the nexus between safety and outsourcing practices. Two main issues are considered: (1) the implications of fragmentation and (2) the importance of addressing the temporal dimension and transience.
Inter-organisational Collaboration for the Safety of Railway Vehicles: A Japanese Case
Authors: Hara Takuji 
Published: February 2022

AbstractShinkansen, the Japanese bullet train, has been operating for over 55 years without serious system accidents. Rolling stock is designed and manufactured through a collaboration between railway companies and contracted manufacturers. Safety is ensured through interactions among organisational actors, material entities, institutions and structures. Safety of such a large technical system in an inter-organisational setting cannot be built by material entities but also requires institutions for coordination, and the mindfulness and leadership of relevant actors.
Contracting Qualities that Challenge Reliability: A Case of the Utility Sector
Authors: olde Scholtenhuis Léon L. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis study uses the utility construction sector as a case to build the argument that specialisation, transience and price competition impede the reliable functioning of supply chains. These three contracting qualities obstruct the establishment of antecedents of mindfulness and the adherence to mindful organising principles. We offer three solution directions to improve contracting practice.
When the Project Ends and Operations Begin: Ensuring Safety During Commissioning Through Boundary Work
Authors: Russel Anne , Tillement Stéphanie 
Published: February 2022

AbstractEnsuring safe performance in inter-organisational projects involves managing a whole range of organisational, occupational and spatio-temporal boundaries. Regarding future safety, the commissioning phase is crucial. Drawing from the case of the commissioning of a new nuclear installation, we highlight the challenges associated with the transition between the project and operations and show the socio-material and temporal arrangements that support or hinder boundary work.
SMILE - Smart eMaIl Link Domain Extractor
Authors: Mossano Mattia , Berens Benjamin , Heller Philip , Beckmann Christopher , Aldag Lukas , Mayer Peter , Volkamer Melanie 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPhishing over email continues to be a significant threat, as such messages still end up in users’ inboxes. Several studies showed that users rarely check the URL in the statusbar before clicking a link and that they have difficulties reading URLs. To support users, we propose SMILE (Smart eMaIl Link domain Extractor), a novel approach that provides the relevant information to distinguish between legitimate and phishing emails checking the links in them. Once applied, SMILE modifies all links in an email to contain the domain and top-level-domain of the URL behind them, e.g., “Click here” in an legitimate Amazon email is modified to “Click here [amazon.com]”.
Syndecan-4 affects myogenesis via Rac1-mediated actin remodeling and exhibits copy-number amplification and increased expression in human rhabdomyosarcoma tumors
Authors: Szabo Kitti , Varga Daniel , Vegh Attila Gergely , Liu Ning , Xiao Xue , Xu Lin , Dux Laszlo , Erdelyi Miklos , Rovo Laszlo , Keller-Pinter Aniko 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSkeletal muscle demonstrates a high degree of regenerative capacity repeating the embryonic myogenic program under strict control. Rhabdomyosarcoma is the most common sarcoma in childhood and is characterized by impaired muscle differentiation. In this study, we observed that silencing the expression of syndecan-4, the ubiquitously expressed transmembrane heparan sulfate proteoglycan, significantly enhanced myoblast differentiation, and fusion. During muscle differentiation, the gradually decreasing expression of syndecan-4 allows the activation of Rac1, thereby mediating myoblast fusion. Single-molecule localized superresolution direct stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (dSTORM) imaging revealed nanoscale changes in actin cytoskeletal architecture, and atomic force microscopy showed reduced elasticity of syndecan-4-knockdown cells during fusion. Syndecan-4 copy-number amplification was observed in 28% of human fusion-negative rhabdomyosarcoma tumors and was accompanied by increased syndecan-4 expression based on RNA sequencing data. Our study suggests that syndecan-4 can serve as a tumor driver gene in promoting rabdomyosarcoma tumor development. Our results contribute to the understanding of the role of syndecan-4 in skeletal muscle development, regeneration, and tumorigenesis.
The Epidermal Microbiome Within an Aggregation of Leopard Sharks (Triakis semifasciata) Has Taxonomic Flexibility with Gene Functional Stability Across Three Time-points
Authors: Doane Michael P. , Johnson Colton J. , Johri Shaili , Kerr Emma N. , Morris Megan M. , Desantiago Ric , Turnlund Abigail C. , Goodman Asha , Mora Maria , Lima Laís Farias Oliveira , Nosal Andrew P. , Dinsdale Elizabeth A. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe epidermis of Chondrichthyan fishes consists of dermal denticles with production of minimal but protein-rich mucus that collectively, influence the attachment and biofilm development of microbes, facilitating a unique epidermal microbiome. Here, we use metagenomics to provide the taxonomic and functional characterization of the epidermal microbiome of the Triakis semifasciata (leopard shark) at three time-points collected across 4 years to identify links between microbial groups and host metabolism. Our aims include (1) describing the variation of microbiome taxa over time and identifying recurrent microbiome members (present across all time-points); (2) investigating the relationship between the recurrent and flexible taxa (those which are not found consistently across time-points); (3) describing the functional compositions of the microbiome which may suggest links with the host metabolism; and (4) identifying whether metabolic processes are shared across microbial genera or are unique to specific taxa. Microbial members of the microbiome showed high similarity between all individuals (Bray–Curtis similarity index = 82.7, where 0 = no overlap, 100 = total overlap) with the relative abundance of those members varying across sampling time-points, suggesting flexibility of taxa in the microbiome. One hundred and eighty-eight genera were identified as recurrent, including Pseudomonas, Erythrobacter, Alcanivorax, Marinobacter, and Sphingopxis being consistently abundant across time-points, while Limnobacter and Xyella exhibited switching patterns with high relative abundance in 2013, Sphingobium and Sphingomona in 2015, and Altermonas, Leeuwenhoekiella, Gramella, and Maribacter in 2017. Of the 188 genera identified as recurrent, the top 19 relatively abundant genera formed three recurrent groups. The microbiome also displayed high functional similarity between individuals (Bray–Curtis similarity index = 97.6) with gene function composition remaining consistent across all time-points. These results show that while the presence of microbial genera exhibits consistency across time-points, their abundances do fluctuate. Microbial functions however remain stable across time-points; thus, we suggest the leopard shark microbiomes exhibit functional redundancy. We show coexistence of microbes hosted in elasmobranch microbiomes that encode genes involved in utilizing nitrogen, but not fixing nitrogen, degrading urea, and resistant to heavy metal.
Time-dependent expression of high-mobility group box-1 and toll-like receptors proteins as potential determinants of skin wound age in rats: Forensic implication
Authors: Abd-Elhakim Yasmina M. , Omran Bothina H. F. , Ezzeldein Shimaa A. , Ahmed Amany I. , El-Sharkawy Nabela I. , Mohamed Amany Abdel-Rahman 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The skin wound age determination in living subjects is an imperative task for forensic experts. In this study, we investigated the time-dependent expression of high-mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) and toll-like receptors 2 and 4 (TLR2 and 4) in rat skin wounds using real-time PCR and seek their forensic potentials during the skin wound repair process. In addition, the levels of serum pro-inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin 6 (IL-6)), as well as nitric oxide (NO) production, were measured. The wound tissue and serum samples were collected after 30 min, 2 h, 6 h, 12 h, 1 day, 3 days, 5 days, and 7 days after incision. As a control (zero time), skin specimens and blood samples were collected without incision. The results reveal that the HMGB1, TLR2, and TLR4 expression levels were increased in a time-dependent manner until the first day where the peak level was achieved for the three tested genes compared with the zero time. On the 7th day, the statistical significance was lost for TLR2 and TLR4 but persisted for HMGB1. The serum TNF-α, IL6, and NO levels peaked within 30 min and 1st and 3rd day after injury, respectively. On the 7th day after incision, no significant differences exist in the TNF-α serum level compared to the control group, but the statistical significance persisted for IL6 and NO. It was apparent that the analyzed genes in the wound tissues showed higher R2 values rather than the serum biochemical indicators. Of note, a strong positive correlation was evident between the HMGB1 and that of TLR2 and TLR4 relative expression as well as IL-6 serum level. Conclusively, based on the observed changes in the analyzed markers in wound tissues and serum and R2 values obtained from mathematical models established to determine the wound age, the relative expression of HMGB1, TLR2, and TLR4 could be a reliable indicator for wound age determination in living subjects. Further investigation of these markers and mathematical models in human tissues is necessary.
J wave syndromes in patients with spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy
Authors: Steinmetz Karoline , Rudic Boris , Borggrefe Martin , Müller Kathrin , Siebert Reiner , Rottbauer Wolfgang , Ludolph Albert , Buckert Dominik , Rosenbohm Angela 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Males with X-linked recessive spinobulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA) are reported to die suddenly and a Brugada electrocardiography (ECG) pattern may be present. A hallmark of this pattern is the presence of ST segment elevations in right precordial leads associated with an increased risk of sudden cardiac death.

Objective
We aimed to detect subtle myocardial abnormalities using ECG and cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) in patients with SBMA.

Methods
30 SBMA patients (55.7 ± 11.9 years) and 11 healthy male controls underwent 12-lead ECGs were recorded using conventional and modified chest leads. CMR included feature-tracking strain analysis, late gadolinium enhancement and native T1 and T2 mapping.

Results
Testosterone levels were increased in 6/29 patients. Abnormal ECGs were recorded in 70%, consisting of a Brugada ECG pattern, early repolarization or fragmented QRS. Despite normal left ventricular ejection fraction (66 ± 5%), SBMA patients exhibited more often left ventricular hypertrophy as compared to controls (34.5% vs 20%). End-diastolic volumes were smaller in SBMA patients (left ventricular volume index 61.7 ± 14.7 ml/m2 vs. 79.1 ± 15.5 ml/m2; right ventricular volume index 64.4 ± 16.4 ml/m2 vs. 75.3 ± 17.5 ml/m2). Tissue characterization with T1-mapping revealed diffuse myocardial fibrosis in SBMA patients (73.9% vs. 9.1%, device-specific threshold for T1: 1030 ms).

Conclusion
SBMA patients show abnormal ECGs and structural abnormalities, which may explain an increased risk of sudden death. These findings underline the importance of ECG screening, measurement of testosterone levels and potentially CMR imaging to assess cardiac risk factors.
Home-monitoring of vital capacity in people with a motor neuron disease
Authors: Helleman Jochem , Bakers Jaap N. E. , Pirard Evelien , van den Berg Leonard H. , Visser-Meily Johanna M. A. , Beelen Anita 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Home-monitoring of spirometry has the potential to improve care for patients with a motor neuron disease (MND) by enabling early detection of respiratory dysfunction and reducing travel burden. Our aim was to evaluate the validity and feasibility of home-monitoring vital capacity (VC) in patients with MND.

Methods
We included 33 patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, progressive muscular atrophy or primary lateral sclerosis who completed a 12-week home-monitoring protocol, consisting of 4-weekly unsupervised home assessments of VC and a functional rating scale. At baseline, during a home visit, patients/caregivers were trained in performing a VC test, and the investigator performed a supervised VC test, which was repeated at final follow-up during a second home visit. Validity of the unsupervised VC tests was evaluated by the differences between supervised and unsupervised VC tests, and through Bland–Altman 95% limits-of-agreement. Feasibility was assessed by means of a survey of user-experiences.

Results
The 95% limits-of-agreement were [− 14.3; 11.7] %predicted VC, and 88% of unsupervised VC tests fell within 10%predicted of supervised VC. 88% of patients experienced VC testing as easy and not burdensome, however, 15% patients did not think their VC test was performed as well as in the clinic. 94% of patients would like home-monitoring of VC in MND care.

Discussion
Unsupervised VC testing at home, with prior face-to-face training, is a valid and time-efficient method for the remote monitoring of respiratory function, and well-accepted by patients with MND and their caregivers.
Localised relative scotoma in cuticular drusen
Authors: Charng Jason , Balaratnasingam Chandrakumar , Attia Mary S. , Heath Jeffery Rachael C. , Chen Fred K. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Purpose
To investigate retinal sensitivity changes in eyes with pure cuticular drusen.

Methods
Multimodal imaging and microperimetry (37-loci grid) data were examined retrospectively to evaluate functional changes in eyes with pure cuticular drusen. Mean sensitivity in the cuticular drusen cohort was compared to age-matched normals. An age- and loci-specific normative reference was created to analyse localised sensitivity deviation.

Results
The mean number loci with relative scotoma in the cuticular drusen cohort (n = 27, mean [SD] age: 48.5 [12.4] years) referenced to normal eyes (n = 80, 53.5 [14.6] years) was 5.5 (95% confidence interval 3.0 to 8.1). However, mean sensitivity was not statistically different to the age-matched normal cohort (95% CI, − 2.3 to + 3.4 dB). The 37-loci grid was stratified into three rings of the approximately same number of loci, and the percentage of cuticular drusen eyes with pointwise deviation was significantly lower in the inner compared to the middle ring (12.3 [5.3]% vs. 17.3 [5.1]%, p < 0.05).

Conclusions
Eyes with cuticular drusen demonstrated relative scotoma, but mean sensitivity was not affected. Pointwise sensitivity provides a more robust measure of retinal sensitivity than mean sensitivity in cuticular drusen and should be assessed both in the clinic and in future clinical trials.
Incidence and prognostic factors in severe drug-induced interstitial lung disease caused by antineoplastic drug therapy in the real world
Authors: Kaku Sawako , Horinouchi Hidehito , Watanabe Hirokazu , Yonemori Kan , Okusaka Takuji , Boku Narikazu , Yamazaki Naoya , Kawai Akira , Ohe Yuichiro , Kusumoto Masahiko 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Investigate the frequency and prognostic factors of severe drug-induced interstitial lung disease (DILD) caused by antineoplastic drugs regardless of cancer types or type of drugs.

Methods
From 2014 to 2018, we reviewed patients with a history of antineoplastic agents administration in the real-world database of our hospital's electronic medical record and extracted patients who experienced "severe" DILD, requiring hospitalization with treatment or developed during hospitalization and required treatment. We collected patients' backgrounds, clinical and radiological features, laboratory data, treatment, and survival outcomes.

Results
19,132 cancer patients received antineoplastic drug therapy during the study period, and 120 (0.62%) experienced severe DILD. The incidence of severe DILD in patients with thoracic cancer was highest among the patients included in this analysis (2.52% vs. 0.34% other cancers). Diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) pattern on CT was associated with higher mortality in patients with severe DILD compared with non-DAD pattern (hazard ratio [HR], 11.24; 95% CI, 4.82–26.2). Multivariate analysis revealed that the DAD pattern at diagnosis as severe DILD (HR, 3.59; 95% CI, 1.17–11.03), concurrent/previous interstitial lung disease (HR, 3.20; 95% CI, 1.27–8.10), and ECOG performance status of 2–4 (HR, 3.81; 95% CI, 1.10–13.17) were independent risk factors for mortality in patients with severe DILD.

Conclusions
The frequency of severe DILD was highest in patients with thoracic cancer. The DAD pattern was associated with a poor outcome. From the perspective of DILD, special attention should be paid when administering antineoplastic agents to patients with thoracic cancer.