bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Accuracy of a noninvasive estimated continuous cardiac output measurement under different respiratory conditions: a prospective observational study
Authors: Takakura Masashi , Fujii Tasuku , Taniguchi Tomoya , Suzuki Shogo , Nishiwaki Kimitoshi 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Purpose

Recently, the estimated continuous cardiac output (esCCO) system was developed as a noninvasive hemodynamic monitoring alternative to thermodilution cardiac output (TDCO). However, the accuracy of CCO measurements by the esCCO compared with TDCO under different respiratory conditions remains unclear. This prospective study aimed to assess the clinical accuracy of the esCCO by continuously measuring the esCCO and TDCO.

Methods

This study enrolled 40 patients who had undergone cardiac surgery with pulmonary artery catheterization. We compared the esCCO with TDCO from mechanical ventilation to spontaneous respiration through extubation. Patients undergoing cardiac pacing during the esCCO measurement, those receiving treatment with an intra-aortic balloon pump, and those with measurement errors or missing data were excluded. On the basis of these criteria, 23 patients were included. Agreement between the esCCO and TDCO was evaluated using Bland–Altman analysis with a 20-minute moving average of the esCCO.

Results

The paired esCCO and TDCO measurements (939 points before extubation and 1112 points after extubation) were compared. The respective bias and standard deviation (SD) values were 0.13 L/min and 0.60 L/min before extubation and − 0.48 L/min and 0.78 L/min after extubation. There was a significant difference in bias before and after extubation (P < 0.001); the SD before and after extubation was not significant (P = 0.315). The percentage errors were 25.1% before extubation and 29.6% after extubation, which is the criterion for acceptance of a new technique.

Conclusion

The accuracy of esCCO measurement is clinically acceptable to that of TDCO under mechanical ventilation and spontaneous respiration.
This study was registered with the UMIN Clinical Trials Registry on September 1st, 2021 (identifier: UMIN000044712).
Looking Inside the ballot box: Gender Gaps in Argentine Presidential Elections
Authors: Bercoff José Javier , Meloni Osvaldo 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSince women were given the right to vote in the first half of the 20thcentury, several studies verify the existence of noticeable differences in women and men voting conduct. Theories explaining such behavior rely mainly on stereotypes, differences in values as well as disparities in self perceptions of men and women This paper, using a unique and unusual gender-segregated voting booths that was in use in Argentina until 2007, suggests that labor market incentives play a key role explaining the electoral gender gap. Our estimations, which come out from a panel data of five presidential elections at district level, show that the voting gender gap reduces as women acquire the head of household status. That is, as women face analogous incentives to men, their evaluation of the incumbent performance and their policies tend to be similar to males leading to a reduction in the gender gap.JEL Classification Codes: D72; J16; P16
Effectiveness of native language for conversational bots
Authors: Dahal Ashim , Khadka Anuj , Kharal Bishal , Shah Aashish 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The global increase in mental health illness is rising at an alarming rate which has contributed to an increase in suicide cases. Also, a pandemic like COVID-19 has prompted the utilization of advanced technology, such as chatbots. Chatbots are artificial intelligence (AI) based systems or programs that are able to interact with human users via a textual or visual medium.Many therapeutic and economic benefits are associated with technology-enabled treatments for a range of mental health disorders. Over the past 10 years, the use of chatbots to prevent some level of mental health-related problems has increased dramatically. Industry Experts say that chatbots will help to battle mental health-related issues. However, the problem still lies due to the use of industry-standard language i.e, English. Since not every person can understand the English language and prefers to speak in their own native language, which could put a linguistic barrier between human and computer interaction. As a solution, we developed Jelly, a native conversational bot that can interact with users in their native language i.e, Nepali. We surveyed them to find out how they perceived the differences between the two. Jelly, which is powered by Facebook’s blender; one of the most powerful text generation models, Jelly also can also understand romanized Nepali with English Alphabet. The main purpose of Jelly is to transcend language barriers and become a gossipy partner to those who find it difficult to communicate in the standard language i.e, English.
Single-crystal UV/Vis absorption spectroscopy of aluminosilicate garnet: Part III. {Fe2+} + [Fe3+] → {Fe3+} + [Fe2+] intervalence charge transfer
Authors: Geiger Charles A. , Taran Michail N. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe various intervalence charge transfer (IVCT) mechanisms that can occur in silicate garnet, general crystal-chemical formula {X3}[Y2](Z3)O12, are not fully understood. The single-crystal UV/Vis/NIR absorption spectra of two different almandine-rich, spessartine-rich and grossular-rich garnets, as well as an intermediate almandine-pyrope garnet, were measured. Absorption was observed from roughly 15 000 to 30 000 cm–1. The spectra were deconvoluted and a very broad band with FWHM values ranging from 5000 to 7000 cm–1 (except in the case of one grossular where the FWHM is 8700 cm–1) and having an intensity maximum located between about 20 000 and 22 000 cm–1 in the visible region could be fit. Small weaker features located on this broad band were fit as well. The broad band is strongest in a nearly end-member composition almandine and weakest in a very grossular-rich iron-poor crystal. It is assigned to {Fe2+} + [Fe3+] → {Fe3+} + [Fe2+] IVCT. This is the first recognition of this type of electronic transition mechanism in different aluminosilicate garnet species. Photon-induced electron transfer probably occurs through an overlap of the d orbitals of Fe2+ and Fe3+ in their edge-shared triangular dodecahedral and octahedral coordination polyhedra, respectively. The two Fe cations with different formal charges should have markedly different energy potentials giving rise to asymmetric IVCT behavior. This, together with the relatively long Fe2+-Fe3+ distances (greater than 3.2 Å), could explain the higher energy of the IVCT in garnet compared to Fe2+ + Fe3+ → Fe3+ + Fe2+ IVCT mechanisms observed in other minerals. The latter typically have iron cations in octahedral or quasi-octahedral coordination. The IVCT in aluminosilicate garnet can occur in different species that grew under dissimilar P-T-X conditions. The resulting electronic absorption band affects color markedly, because it is centered at higher energies in the blue visible region. It remains to be determined why IVCT is observed in the spectra of some garnets but not others. The various proposed IVCT mechanisms in Ca-Ti-bearing and aluminosilicate garnets are reviewed and analyzed.
Optimization and characteristic analysis of screw rotor of a twin-screw pump
Authors: Tian Zhi Yong , Zhao Yong Qiang , Li Zhe Hui , Liu Shi , Wang Da Hai 
Published: October 2022

In order to reduce the leakage between the teeth of the twin-screw pump and improve the working performance, it is necessary to reduce the clearance between the teeth; In this paper, the end face profile equation of A-type screw rotor is derived by coordinate transformation method, the end face profile is generated based on MATLAB software, and the cusp and curve of the profile are optimized by arc transition method; The changes of pressure field and velocity field in the fluid domain of screw rotor before and after optimization are analyzed by finite element method; Taking the twin-screw pump as the research object, the fluid-structure coupling analysis and calculation of the master and slave screw rotors are carried out. The modal analysis of the screw without prestress and under the action of prestress is carried out respectively. Through the simulation calculation, the first six modal vibration shapes of the screw are taken, and the results of the two different states are compared. The results show that when the working pressure difference is 2 MPa, the maximum pressure after optimization increases by 1 % compared with that before optimization. With the continuous increase of center distance, the maximum pressure of flow field fluctuates slightly up and down; The maximum velocity after optimization is 3.5 % lower than that before optimization. The comparison results show that the frequency of the screw rotor increases with the increase of the modal order of the screw rotor without prestress. The frequencies of the second and third orders are similar, and the amplitudes of the first and fourth orders are similar. After the fluid-structure coupling force is applied, the change trends of the modal frequencies of each order are basically the same, but the magnitudes of the frequencies and amplitudes change. The amplitude of the main and driven screw rotors under the fluid-structure interaction decreases rapidly in the third-order vibration mode and is lower than the amplitude without prestress.
Development of a capillary lc blotting systems for low and sub-picomole sequencing sample preparation
Authors: Hsi Kuo-Liang , Kochersperger Michael L. , Werner William E. , Grimley Chris H. , Zieske Lynn R. , Yuan Pau-Miau 
Published: October 2022

Abstract:
A capillary liquid chromatography (cLC)/microblotting system, 173A MicroBlotter, has recently been developed [1,2]. This newly designed system consists of a capillary LC for sample separation and an on-line microblotter for direct collection of the separated peptides onto a strip of PVDF membrane. Applications using this new device for low and sub-picomole sample preparation and in conjunction with in-situ digestion techniques both in-gels or on-membrane will be demonstrated in this report.
Family identification system for electron transfer proteins
Using a motif neural network design
Authors: Wu Cathy H. , Zhao Sheng , Barker Winona C. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract:
A neural network system, based on a motif identification neural design that incorporates both global and motif sequence information, has been developed to identify electron transfer protein families. The system was used to screen the SwissProt and PIR databases, and detected false negative family members missed by ProSite and PIR. The study shows the feasibility of developing a full system to assist database organization. The system is available from a WWW on-line server. New superfamily information will be incorporated into PIR.
Controlling the enantioselectivity of sec-alcohol dehydrogenase from thermoanaerobacterium sp. KET4BL
Authors: Cowan Don A. , Simpson Helen D. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract:
The control of enantioselectivity by miscible organic solvents of a thermostable sec-ADH, purified from an anaerobic, thermophilic bacterium designated Therm.oanaerobacterium sp. Ket4B1, has been investigated. Experiments to compare the initial rates of oxidation of (R)-.and (S)-butan-2-ol in the presence of Oto 40%
(v/v) acetonitrile revealed that the v0Rfv0s initial ratio increased with increasing solvent concentration. Other
co-solvents were also found to influence the enantioselectivity but there was no direct correlation between either the log P or the dielectric constant of the solvent and the effect on the enantioselectivity.
Restriction of the specificities of trypsin and a-chymotrypsin
at a high alkaline ph value
Authors: Takahashi Kenji 
Published: October 2022

Abstract:
The specificities of trypsin and a-chymotrypsin at high alkaline pH values were investigated using dynorphin A and angiotensin I, respectively, as substrates. Under restricted conditions at pH 12.8, trypsin
cleaved the Arg-X bonds (X* Pro) selectively without cleav.ing the Lys-X bonds, and a-chymotrypsin cleaved
the Phe-X bond selectively without cleaving the Tyr-X bond. Therefore, trypsin and a-chymotrypsin may be generally useful for selective cleavages of Arg-X bonds and Phe-X bonds, respectively, at such a high pH value at which Lys and Tyr residues are unprotonated.
Purification of recombinant cholera toxin polypeptide A2 and reconstitution with the cholera toxin B subunit
Authors: Picking William D. , McCann Jameson A. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract:
Polypeptide A2 of cholera toxin (CTA2) was cloned, expressed and purified as a fusion protein possessing a leader with six tandem histidine residues. Following affinity purification, recombinant CTA2 was labeled with a fluorescent probe at its single cysteine and reconstituted with the cholera toxin B subunit (CTB) pentamer. This novel CTB/CTA2 complex will be useful for monitoring the position of the site of attachment of the cytotoxic Al polypeptide of cholera toxin relative to sites on CTB or GM1-containing membranes.
High resolution lh nmr spectra of human apolipoprotein C-iii2 using DPC to model the lipoprotein environment
Authors: Buchkol Garry W. , Rozek Annett , Wang Guangshun , Frohlich Jiri J. , Cushley Robert J. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract:
While the apolipoproteins play a central biochemical role in lipid transportation and cardiovascular diseases, structural studies of the apolipoproteins have been primarily confined to optical spectroscopies (circular dichroism and fluorescence). Using deuterated dodecylphosphocholine (DPC) to model the lipoprotein environment, we report the acquisition of high resolution lH NMR spectra for human apolipoprotein C-III2 isolated from the plasma of a type V hyperlipoproteinemic patient. At a peptide:DPC ratio of 1:60 the pK8 of His1s was determined to be 6.15 suggesting the residue is solvent accessible.
Small retro-inverso peptides recognize mhc class ii ula dr(a, j31*0401)
Authors: Hanson Gunnar J. , Howard Susan C. , Zacheis Michelle L. , Bono Christine P. , Welply Joseph K. , Vuletich Jennifer L. , Bedell Louis J. , Summers Neena L. , Schwartz Benjamin D. , Woulfe Susan L. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract:
We have synthesized a series of retro-inverso D-peptide analogues and a peptoid analog that mimic potent seven
residue L-peptide ligands for DR(a. Pl*0401). The L-peptide ligands compete against binding of a 13 residue
biotinylated ligand, HA307-319 (ICso 60nM), with competing peptide ICsos ranging from 30-200nM.The highest affinity heptamer retro-invcrso D-peptide tested gave ICso l0µM. No binding of the peptoid analog was detected.
Cellular Camouflage: Fooling the Immune System with Polymers
Authors: Scott Mark D. , Murad Kari L. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract:
Immunological recogmt1on of foreign cells is a primary concern in both transfusion and transplantation medicine. Our unique approach to this problem is to globally camouflage the surface of the foreign cell using nonimmunogenic, long chain polymers such as methoxypoly(ethylene glycol) [mPEG]. mPEG-modification of red blood cells effectively attenuates both antibody binding to surface epitopes and decreases the inherent immunogenicity of foreign, evei:i xenogeneic red cells. These cells exhibit normal structural and functional characteristicsin vitro and exhibit normal in vivo survival in animal models. Pegylation of white blood cells (particularly antigen presenting cells and T lymphocytes) surprisingly prevents recognition of foreign class II molecules and prevents T cell proliferation in response to foreign MHC molecules. Potential applications for the covalent binding of nonimmunogenic, long chain polymers (e.g., PEG) to intact cells include, but are not limited to: I) derivatized RBC to diminish transfusion reactions arising from sensitization to minor blood group antigens (allosensitization) in the chronically transfused (e.g., sickle and thalassemia patients); 2) use of mPEG modification of "passenger" lymphocytes to prevent immune recognition and graft versus host disease; and 3) derivatization of the vascular endothelium of donor tissues prior to transplantation to prevent/diminish acute tissue rejection. In contrast to highly specific blocking mechanisms (e.g., anti-CD4; proteolytic removal of RBC A/B antigens), the generation of globally camouflaged (i.e., stealth) cells may more effectively prevent the often complex and redundant events leading to immune recognition of foreign cells.
Chymase: Its Pathophysiological Roles and Inhibitors
Authors: Fukami R , Okunishi R , Miyazaki M. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract:
Chymase is a chymotrypsin-type serine protease mainly localized in mast cells (MCs). Human, primate, and dog chymase generate angiotensin II (Ang II) from Ang I, while mouse and rat chymases degrade Ang II. It is suggested that chymase generating Ang II might be an alternative Ang II-forming enzyme to angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) in the renin-angiotensin system in tissues, but not in blood, and cause hypertrophy and remodeling of cardiovascular tissues. Chymase also degrades extracellular matrix, and processes procollagenase, inflammatory cytokines and other bioactive peptides. As a result, chymase plays important roles in inflammatory tissues through its proteolytic activities to cause tissue remodeling, that is, a chyinase inhibitor may have the ability to prevent diseases caused by the above inflammatory reactions. The investigation of chymase inhibitors by pharmaceutical companies has yielded peptide and peptide mimetic inhibitors. We also found potent non-peptide low molecular inhibitors. However, the in vivo functions of chymase have not been verified so far by applying a chymase inhibitor to in vivo pathological models. In this article, we overview the pathophysiological roles of chymase and chymase inhibitors proposed to date, and discuss the structure-activity relationships of substituted 3-phenylsulfonyl- l-phenylimidazolidine-2,4-dione derivatives.
Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships of Antiarrhythmic Drugs
Authors: Gupta Satya P. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract:
A Comprehensive review of quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) studies on antiarrhythmic agents is presented. From the discussion point of view, the antiarrhythmic agents have been put into two broad classes: specific and nonspecific. While the main members of the former class can be -adrenergic blocking agents ( -blockers), any chemical that can act directly on the myocardial cell membrane, producing a cardiodepressant effect via changes in basic electrophysiological properties of the membrane, such as automaticity, excitability, conductivity, and refractoriness. has
been put in the latter class. QSARs exhibit that the biological actions of a variety of drugs belonging to any class depend primarily on the Jipophilic haracter of the molecule or substituents. Thus, the hydrophobic interaction is found to play a dominant role in the action of antiarrhythmic agents. In certain cases, the QSARs also exhibit the role of electronic parameters, suggesting that certain receptors may have electronic site also, permitting the drugs to involve in some electronic interactions, too.
Is Ceramide Signaling A Target for Vascular Therapeutic Intervention?
Authors: Johns Douglas G. , Charpie John R. , Webb R. Clinton 
Published: October 2022

Abstract:
Today's society is plagued by cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension and atherosclerosis. Research devoted to the study of these diseases has focused, in part, on physiological phenomena responsible for the development and progression of the disease. Peripheral vascular function is one such focal point of research, and identification of cellular mechanisms that regulate vascular contractility and / or cellular proliferation is crucial for the development of new therapeutic interventions to combat these diseases. This review evaluates a new signaling mechanism, the ceramide signaling pathway as a potential target for therapeutic intervention. Special attention is given ceramide signaling in the contexts of vascular reactivity and cell proliferation in the vasculature. While ceramide signaling is a nascent area of vascular research, a growing body of evidence from other physiological systems implicates this new pathway as a potential regulator of contractile and cell proliferative functions within the blood vessel wall.
Recent Advances in Antihypertensive Therapy
Authors: Quadri Luisa , Monti Lamberto , Gobbini Mauro 
Published: October 2022

Abstract:
There are multiple different approaches that have been adopted in the past to cure hypertension. Hypertension is a multifactorial disease frequently associated with other cardiovascular problems. None of the antihypertensive drugs available can cure all cases of hypertension. This situation causes a unique scenario in this area of therapeutic
research: less recent approaches, which make use of drugs acting on the adrenergic system, diuretics, calcium antagonists, nitro-vasodilators and so on, have not yet been abandoned, while new compounds are still being developed today. Newly acquired and more detailed knowledge of the renin-angiotensin system, of the role of the endothelium and ionic channels in the homeostasis of blood pressure has opened up new lines of study. There are also a number of experimental compounds targeted for other action mechanisms (phosphodiesterase inhibitors, neuropeptide Y antagonists, ouabain-like factor antagonists), that could also represent innovative approaches to hypertension therapy. Some hints regarding the current developments in the well established and innovative categories of antihypertensives will be given in this review.
Procyanidin B2 Protects TR-iBRB2 Cells Against Hyperglyc emia
Stress by Attenuating Oxidative Stress and Inflammasome Activation
via Regulation of Redoxosomes/NF-kB Signaling
Authors: Zou Wenjun , Lu Qianyi , Zhu Xue , Pan Ying , Xu Quan , Wang Ke 
Published: October 2022

Background:
Microvascular dysfunction is a hallmark of diabetic retinopathy
(DR), which may lead to visual impairment and blindness. Procyanidin B2 (PB2) is
a subclass of flavonoids and is widely known due to its anti-oxidant and antiinflammatory
effects. However, little is known about the effect of PB2 on hyperglycemia
stress-induced retinal microvascular dysfunction.

Objective:
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of PB2 against hyperglycemia
stress in rat retinal capillary endothelial cells (TR-iBRB2) as well as the
underpinning mechanism.

Methods:
Cell viability was determined using MTT assay. ROS, NOX activity analysis,
Western blot analysis, and immunofluorescence analysis were applied in the study.

Results:
The results showed that PB2 pre-treatment significantly reduced high glucose-
induced cytotoxicity in TR-iBRB2 cells by suppressing oxidative stress and inflammasome
activation. Mechanistical study revealed that redoxosomes were formed and
activated in TR-iBRB2 cells upon hyperglycemia stress, resulting in activation of NF-
κB and thus induction of oxidative stress and inflammasomes activation. However,
PB2 pre-treatment dose-dependently attenuated the above events, indicating the protective
effect of PB2 against hyperglycemia stress was achieved by regulating redoxosomes/
NF-kB signaling.

Conclusion:
Our findings may contribute to the potential clinical use of PB2 in treating
DR and suggest redoxosomes/NF-kB signaling may be a potential therapeutic target
of this disease.