bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gestational age specific anthropometric postnatal percentile charts for neonates born at tertiary hospital in Eastern Nepal
Authors: Shakya Anjum , Bhatta Nisha Keshary , Singh Rupa Rajbhandari , Yadav Shankar Prasad , Thakur Jitendra 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background and objectives
Birth weight, Head circumference (HC), and Length are important clinical indicators for evaluation of prenatal growth and identification of neonates requiring detail assessment and monitoring. Gestational age-specific percentile charts are essential tool for both obstetricians and pediatricians in their day to day practice. This study aimed to develop gestational age specific percentile chart of Birth weight, Length and HC for neonates.

Methods
In this Cross sectional observational study, HC, Birth weight and Length of live singleton neonates from 28 to 42 weeks of gestation fulfilling the inclusion criteria were measured over a period of one year. Mean, standard deviation, and percentiles values for different gestational age were calculated. Graphs were constructed using two way graph and Lowess smoothening method.

Results
Of total 2662 neonates, male: female ratio was 1.3:1 with maximum neonates in 40 weeks of gestation. The mean Birth weight, HC and Length was 2852.02 gm, 33.6 and 48.42 cm respectively. Overall males have more mean weight than females by 46.35gms. However, mean HC of male and female were similar 33.6 and 33.61 cm respectively and on average males were 0.27 cm longer compared to female. The mean Birth weight, HC and Length at 40 weeks was 3123.43gm (± 427.82), 34.249 cm (± 0.87) and 49.61 cm(± 1.85) respectively. The 10th, 50th and 90th percentile at 40 weeks for Birth weight being 2550gm, 3100gm and 3750gm respectively. The gestational age specific percentile chart and growth curve are appropriately placed in the manuscript.

Conclusions
The percentile charts in this study may be used as reference for local population and similar data from various parts of the nation can provide a national reference curve for healthy neonates.
A cross-sectional study on sleep disturbances and associated factors among nurses
Authors: Van Nguyen Tuan , Liu Hsueh-Erh 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Many studies have measured sleep disturbances among nurses globally, but none have addressed this issue in Vietnam. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence of sleep disturbance and identify associated factors among staff nurses in Vietnam.
To identify sleep disturbances and associated factors among staff nurses in Vietnam.

Methods
A cross-sectional design was used in this study. Participant nurses (n = 420) completed a general information questionnaire, the Vietnamese version of the General Sleep Disturbance Scale (GSDS), the Perceived Stress Scale, and the Short Form 12. Data were collected between July and September 2019 from three public hospitals located in southwestern Vietnam. Data were analyzed using Chi-square, independent Student’s t-test, and multivariate logistic regression analysis.

Results
The average GSDS score was 41.10 (SD = 19.48), indicating sleep disturbances among 46.9% of nurses. Age, health condition, stress, and quality of life had an impact on sleep disturbance. Multivariate logistic regression analysis confirmed that nurses with high stress and poor physical health status were more likely to experience sleep disturbances.

Conclusion
Vietnamese nursing staff suffers from a high rate of sleep disturbances. Significant predictors included high stress and poor physical health status. Administrators of healthcare services should carefully consider how to conduct interventions to help the nurses handle their sleep disturbances such as stress management and physical health promotion.
Structural racism and COVID-19 response: higher risk of exposure drives disparate COVID-19 deaths among Black and Hispanic/Latinx residents of Illinois, USA
Authors: Holden Tobias M. , Simon Melissa A. , Arnold Damon T. , Halloway Veronica , Gerardin Jaline 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Structural racism has driven and continues to drive policies that create the social, economic, and community factors resulting in residential segregation, lack of access to adequate healthcare, and lack of employment opportunities that would allow economic mobility. This results in overall poorer population health for minoritized people. In 2020, Black and Hispanic/Latinx communities throughout the United States, including the state of Illinois, experienced disproportionately high rates of COVID-19 cases and deaths. Public health officials in Illinois implemented targeted programs at state and local levels to increase intervention access and reduce disparities.

Methods
To quantify how disparities in COVID outcomes evolved through the epidemic, data on SARS-CoV-2 diagnostic tests, COVID-19 cases, and COVID-19 deaths were obtained from the Illinois National Electronic Disease Surveillance System for the period from March 1 to December 31, 2020. Relative risks of COVID-19 cases and deaths were calculated for Black and Hispanic/Latinx vs. White residents, stratified by age group and epidemic interval. Deaths attributable to racial/ethnic disparities in incidence and case fatality were estimated with counterfactual simulations.

Results
Disparities in case and death rates became less drastic after May 2020, but did not disappear, and were more pronounced at younger ages. From March to May of 2020, the risk of a COVID-19 case for Black and Hispanic/Latinx populations was more than twice that of Whites across all age groups. The relative risk of COVID-19 death reached above 10 for Black and Hispanic/Latinx individuals under 50 years of age compared to age-matched Whites in the early epidemic. In all Illinois counties, relative risk of a COVID-19 case was the same or significantly increased for minoritized populations compared to the White population. 79.3 and 86.7% of disparities in deaths among Black and Hispanic/Latinx populations, respectively, were attributable to differences in age-adjusted incidence compared to White populations rather than differences in case fatality ratios.

Conclusions
Racial and ethnic disparities in the COVID-19 pandemic are products of society, not biology. Considering age and geography in addition to race/ethnicity can help to identify the structural factors driving poorer outcomes for certain groups. Studies and policies aimed at reducing inequalities in disease exposure may reduce disparities in mortality more than those focused on drivers of case fatality.
Stochastic Petri net model describing the relationship between reported maternal and congenital syphilis cases in Brazil
Authors: Valentim Ricardo A. M. , Caldeira-Silva Gleyson J. P. , da Silva Rodrigo D. , Albuquerque Gabriela A. , de Andrade Ion G. M. , Sales-Moioli Ana Isabela L. , Pinto Talita K. de B. , Miranda Angélica E. , Galvão-Lima Leonardo J. , Cruz Agnaldo S. , Barros Daniele M. S. , Rodrigues Anna Giselle C. D. R. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Introduction
Syphilis is a sexually transmitted disease (STD) caused by Treponema pallidum subspecies pallidum. In 2016, it was declared an epidemic in Brazil due to its high morbidity and mortality rates, mainly in cases of maternal syphilis (MS) and congenital syphilis (CS) with unfavorable outcomes. This paper aimed to mathematically describe the relationship between MS and CS cases reported in Brazil over the interval from 2010 to 2020, considering the likelihood of diagnosis and effective and timely maternal treatment during prenatal care, thus supporting the decision-making and coordination of syphilis response efforts.

Methods
The model used in this paper was based on stochastic Petri net (SPN) theory. Three different regressions, including linear, polynomial, and logistic regression, were used to obtain the weights of an SPN model. To validate the model, we ran 100 independent simulations for each probability of an untreated MS case leading to CS case (PUMLC) and performed a statistical t-test to reinforce the results reported herein.

Results
According to our analysis, the model for predicting congenital syphilis cases consistently achieved an average accuracy of 93% or more for all tested probabilities of an untreated MS case leading to CS case.

Conclusions
The SPN approach proved to be suitable for explaining the Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN) dataset using the range of 75–95% for the probability of an untreated MS case leading to a CS case (PUMLC). In addition, the model’s predictive power can help plan actions to fight against the disease.
Better understanding care transitions of adults with complex health and social care needs: a study protocol
Authors: Hudon Catherine , Aubrey-Bassler Kris , Chouinard Maud-Christine , Doucet Shelley , Dubois Marie-France , Karam Marlène , Luke Alison , Moullec Grégory , Pluye Pierre , Tzenov Amanda , Ouadfel Sarah , Lambert Mireille , Angrignon-Girouard Émilie , Schwarz Charlotte , Howse Dana , MacLeod Krystal Kehoe , Gaudreau André , Sabourin Véronique 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Adults with chronic conditions who also suffer from mental health comorbidities and/or social vulnerability require services from many providers across different sectors. They may have complex health and social care needs and experience poorer health indicators and high mortality rates while generating considerable costs to the health and social services system. In response, the literature has stressed the need for a collaborative approach amongst providers to facilitate the care transition process. A better understanding of care transitions is the next step towards the improvement of integrated care models. The aim of the study is to better understand care transitions of adults with complex health and social care needs across community, primary care, and hospital settings, combining the experiences of patients and their families, providers, and health managers.

Methods/design
We will conduct a two-phase mixed methods multiple case study (quantitative and qualitative). We will work with six cases in three Canadian provinces, each case being the actual care transitions across community, primary care, and hospital settings. Adult patients with complex needs will be identified by having visited the emergency department at least three times over the previous 12 months. To ensure they have complex needs, they will be invited to complete INTERMED Self-Assessment and invited to enroll if positive. For the quantitative phase, data will be obtained through questionnaires and multi-level regression analyses will be conducted. For the qualitative phase, semi-structured interviews and focus groups will be conducted with patients, family members, care providers, and managers, and thematic analysis will be performed. Quantitative and qualitative results will be compared and then merged.

Discussion
This study is one of the first to examine care transitions of adults with complex needs by adopting a comprehensive vision of care transitions and bringing together the experiences of patients and family members, providers, and health managers. By using an integrated knowledge translation approach with key knowledge users, the study’s findings have the potential to inform the optimization of integrated care, to positively impact the health of adults with complex needs, and reduce the economic burden to the health and social care systems.
Development of a novel expression system in lactic acid bacteria controlled by a broad-host-range promoter PsrfA
Authors: Guan Chengran , Yuan Yuan , Ma Yan , Wang Xin , Zhang Chenchen , Lu Maolin , Gu Ruixia , Chen Dawei 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Latic acid bacteria (LAB) are exploited for development of gene expression system owing to its health promoting properties and a high degree of safety status. Most of the expression systems were constructed in Lactobacillus lactis with inducible promoters. It is necessary to exploit novel promoters to develop LAB host platforms which are indispensable in dairy and health application to satisfy the production demand of increased number of target-genes. Previously, promoter PsrfA had been displayed broad host range and used to construct auto-inducible expression system in B. subtilis and E. coli. In this work, the feasibility of PsrfA in LAB was estimated.

Results
Plasmid with the green fluorescent protein (GFP) inserting downstream of PsrfA was transformed into L. casei 5257, L. plantarum 97, L. fermentum 087 and Weissella confusa 10, respectively. The recombinant strains grew well and displayed different fluorescence which could be detected by spectrophotometer and laser scanning confocal microscope. Moreover, the promoter activity was strain- specifically influenced by particular carbon and nitrogen sources. Heterologous laccase CotA could be expressed by PsrfA in L. casei 5257-05 and L. plantarum 97-06. By adjusting the pH value from 4.5 to 6.5 during incubation, the CotA activity detected from L. plantarum 97-05 and L. casei 5257-05 was increased by 137.7% and 61.5%, respectively. Finally, the fermentation pH was variably up-regulated along with the production of NADH oxidase which was controlled by the PsrfA and its derivative mutated with core regions.

Conclusions
These data suggested that PsrfA was valid for gene expression in different species of LAB. Moreover, PsrfA could be used as an attractive candidate for fine-tuning gene expression in a broad range of prokaryotic expression plants.
Application of CRISPR/Cas9-based mutant enrichment technique to improve the clinical sensitivity of plasma EGFR testing in patients with non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Kim Boyeon , Kim Yoonjung , Shin Saeam , Lee Seung-Tae , Cho Jae Yong , Lee Kyung-A. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Approximately 50%–60% of secondary resistance to primary EGFR- tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) therapy is caused by acquired p.Thr790Met (T790M) mutation; however, highly fragmented, low-quantity circulating tumor DNA is an obstacle for detecting mutations. Therefore, more sensitive mutation detection techniques are required. Here, we report a new mutant enrichment technology, the CRISPR system combined with post-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) cell-free DNA (cfDNA) (CRISPR-CPPC) to detect the T790M mutation using droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) from cfDNA.

Methods
The CRISPR-CPPC process comprises the following three steps: (1) cfDNA PCR, (2) assembly of post-PCR cfDNA and CRISPR/CRISPR associated protein 9 complex, and (3) enrichment of the target DNA template. After CRISPR-CPPC, the target DNA was detected using ddPCR. We optimized and validated CRISPR-CPPC using reference cfDNA standards and cfDNA from patients with non-small cell lung cancer who underwent TKI therapy. We then compared the detection sensitivity of CRISPR-CPPC assay with the results of real-time PCR and those of ddPCR.

Results
CRISPR-CPPC aided detection of T790M with 93.9% sensitivity and 100% specificity. T790M mutant copies were sensitively detected achieving an approximately 13-fold increase in the detected allele frequency. Furthermore, positive rate of detecting a low T790M copy number (< 10 copies/mL) were 93.8% (15/16) and 43.8% (7/16) for CRISPR-CPPC assay and ddPCR, respectively.

Conclusions
CRISPR-CPPC is a useful mutant enrichment tool for the sensitive detection of target mutation. When tested in patients with progressive disease, the diagnostic performance of CRISPR-CPPC assay is exceptionally better than that of any other currently available methods.
Biomimetic nanoprobe-augmented triple therapy with photothermal, sonodynamic and checkpoint blockade inhibits tumor growth and metastasis
Authors: Lin Xiaohong , He Tao , Tang Rui , Li Qianru , Wu Nianhong , Zhou Yin , He Hongye , Wan Li , Huang Ju , Jiang Qinqin , Zhong Yixin , Xie Zhuoyan , Hu Zhongqian , Zhou Yang , Li Pan 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Comprehensive antitumor therapy through integrated multimodal means has drawn increasing attention owing to its high efficiency and metastasis suppression.

Results
We describe a synergistic triple protocol combining photothermal and sonodynamic therapy (PTT and SDT), together with immune checkpoint blockade for the inhibition of breast cancer growth and metastases in the 4T1 mouse model. PTT and SDT are synergistically augmented by a novel multimodal imaging nanoprobe integrated with cancer cell membrane-biomimetic nanoparticles (CHINPs) loaded with superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) and hematoporphyrin monomethyl ether (HMME). CHINPs exhibit excellent homologous tumor targeting, and are sequentially triggered by ultrasound and near infrared (NIR) light under the guidance of magnetic resonance, photoacoustic and photothermal imaging, leading to complete in situ tumor eradication and systemic anti-tumor immune activation. Further combination of this approach with immune checkpoint blockade therapy is shown to suppress tumor metastasis.

Conclusion
This work provides proof-of-principle for triple therapy using multimodal imaging-guided PTT/SDT based on biomimetic nanoprobes in combination with immunotherapy to eliminate tumors.

Graphical Abstract
The alcohol industry’s involvement with road safety NGOs
Authors: Stein Ivy , Bachani Abdulgafoor M. , Hoe Connie 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Road crashes are a major cause of death among all age groups and the leading cause of death among persons 5–29 years, according to the World Health Organization. One key risk factor is drink-driving. While the world’s leading beer, wine, and spirit producers have pledged to combat drink-driving, there is increasing evidence showing the alcohol industry’s promotion of solutions which minimally impact sales. One strategy is forming partnerships with road safety non-governmental organizations (NGOs). Given this, the primary objective of this study is to understand the extent to which the alcohol industry is involved with road safety NGOs around the world.

Methods
A desk review from July 2020 to March 2021 was conducted to assess the alcohol industry’s involvement with various road safety NGOs (n = 256) in 92 countries. Financial documents press releases, annual reports, social media platforms, and other resources were analyzed to uncover relationships between the alcohol industry and NGOs.

Results
Out of 256 NGOs, n = 11 (4%) showed direct ties to the alcohol industry, and n = 3 (1%) showed indirect ties. NGOs involved with the alcohol industry were found in five continents and n = 8 of the 11 NGOs (73%) partnered with transnational alcohol manufacturers. Interventions supported by these partnerships were primarily mass media campaigns, free-ride and ride-sharing campaigns, and drink-driving educational events where alcoholic or zero-percent alcoholic beverages were sold or provided. These interventions are largely inconsistent with evidence-based best practice recommendations. Relationships between the alcohol industry and road safety NGOs lacked public transparency on key details such as terms of partnerships and funding amount and terms.

Conclusions
The study showed a clear effort on behalf of the alcohol industry to partner with road safety NGOs around the world. Findings underscore the need for the road safety community to generate consensus on involvement of the alcohol industry and suggest the need for more transparency on details of partnerships involving road safety. Findings also highlight the importance of local and national government support of road safety initiatives and road safety NGOs to avoid dependence on controversial funding from the alcohol industry.
Does Weaver–Dunn procedure have a role in chronic acromioclavicular dislocations? A meta-analysis
Authors: Chang Hao-Ming , Wang Chi-Hsiu , Hsu Kai-Lan , Kuan Fa-Chuan , Chen Yueh , Su Wei-Ren , Hong Chih-Kai 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
In treatment of chronic acromioclavicular (AC) joint dislocations, both the Weaver–Dunn procedure (WD) and CC ligament reconstruction (CCR) are recommended options due to the low possibility of healing of the coracoclavicular (CC) ligaments. The aim of this review was to determine whether CCR will yield favorable clinical and radiographic outcomes in the treatment of chronic AC dislocations.

Method
The Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and PubMed databases were searched for literature on chronic AC dislocations from data inception to June 30, 2021. Patient data were pooled using standard meta-analytic approaches. The Cochrane-Mantel–Haenszel method and variance-weighted means were used to analyze the outcomes. The Review Manager version 5.3 software (The Nordic Cochrane Centre, The Cochrane Collaboration, Copenhagen, Denmark) was used to calculate the heterogenicity, mean difference, and relative risk (RR) for all outcomes in the meta-analysis.

Results
The current analysis included four trials on this topic, and all AC joint dislocations were classified as Rockwood types III to VI. The pooled data showed that the CCR group had significantly better post-operative American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons Shoulder (ASES) scores, Oxford Shoulder Scores (OSSs), and Nottingham Clavicle Scores (NCSs) than the WD group, with a significant difference (p < 0.001, p = 0.020, and p < 0.001, respectively). In terms of the post-operative Constant-Murley Scores (CMSs), there were no significant differences between the CCR group and the WD group (p = 0.100). The CCR group had significantly better post-operative abduction and flexion of the index shoulder than the WD group (p < 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively). In terms of radiological outcomes, the post-operative coracoclavicular distance (CCD) with a 10 kg load was smaller in the CCR group compared to that in the WD group (p < 0.001). The overall surgical wound infection rate was 11.6% in the WD group and 12.9% in the CCR, respectively (p = 0.82).

Conclusion
The CCR group had better clinical outcome scores in the ASES, OOS, NCS, abduction, flexion, and external rotation than the WD group. In terms of radiological outcomes, the CCR group showed less displacement in weight-loaded post-CCD than the WD group, which indicated that the CCR provided more stability and resistance to deformation forces.
Perioperative varus alignment does not affect short-term patient-reported outcome measures following mobile-bearing unicompartmental knee arthroplasty
Authors: Itou Junya , Kuwashima Umito , Itoh Masafumi , Okazaki Ken 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Although favorable long-term survival of Oxford unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) has been reported regardless of postoperative varus alignment, the effect of degree of varus alignment on patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) remains unclear. Furthermore, the Forgotten Joint Score-12 (FJS-12), which has a low ceiling effect, may be useful for such assessment. The objective of this study was to evaluate short-term clinical outcomes after Oxford UKA in knees with a greater degree of preoperative varus alignment focusing on use of the FJS-12.

Methods
This retrospective study involved 66 knees that had undergone primary Oxford UKA. Based on the hip-knee-ankle angle, the knees were divided into two alignment groups: severe varus group (≥ 185° varus alignment) and a mild varus group (< 185° varus alignment). PROMs, including the FJS-12, Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score, and Knee Society Score, were obtained pre- and postoperatively for assessment of clinical outcomes. In addition, the ceiling effect of the FJS-12 was evaluated.

Results
All PROMs showed significant improvement after surgery. However, there were no statistically significant differences between the severe varus group and the mild varus group. Moreover, no ceiling effect was found for the FJS-12 in this study.

Conclusion
Short-term results were good for Oxford UKA in knees with a greater degree of varus alignment and were not significantly different from those in knees with mild varus alignment.