bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MO343: Deep Analysis of The AKI—CKD in Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation—A Big Data Approach
Authors: Brüder Nicole , Kielstein Jan T , Heinze Luca-Marie , Lück Catherina , Panagiota Victoria , Dammann Elke , Köhler Sophia , Talbot Steven , Stadler Michael , Heuser Michael , Ganser Arnold , Eder Matthias , Beutel Gernot 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND AIMS
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication in allogeneic stem cell transplantation (SCT). Although short-lived, i.e. &lt; 90 days, in the majority of patients renal injury can persist for more than 3 months fulfilling the criteria of chronic kidney disease (CKD). So far, only a few publications have shown robust data based on larger patient populations. The aim of this project is to analyse the incidence and severity of AKI in the context of an allogeneic SCT and the transition into CKD.

METHOD
Over a 17-year period, 1394 allogeneic stem cell transplants were performed at our tertiary center. Of those, 42 were second transplants. For 1387, a detailed history of creatinine (n = 142 563) and eGFR (n = 96 689) could be extracted from the Enterprise Clinical Research Data Warehouse. The classification of the respective AKI stages was based on the current KDIGO classification relying solely on the changes in serum creatinine. For AKI, an increase in serum creatinine of ≥ 0.3 mg/dL (26.5 µmol/L) within 48 h or an increase in serum creatinine to ≥ 1.5× baseline within 7 days was used. Persistence of impaired renal function beyond day 90 was defined as CKD. For the analysis of big data and classification of the AKI/CKD an algorithm was programmed. Validation of the results was performed using a colour-coded visualization of renal function (Fig. 1).

RESULTS
Between 1 January 2003 and 31 December 2020, 239 252 values for creatinine and eGFR were enriched for 1387 transplantations for a period between day –28 before today + 118 after allogeneic stem cell transplantation. The overall incidence of AKI was 86% (n = 1199). A total of 993 patients (83%) have shown an AKIN 1, 173 (14%) an AKIN 2 and 33 (3%) an AKIN 3. Of those, 122 (13%) patients died before day + 90 after allogeneic stem cell transplantation and were therefore excluded from CKD analysis. For 271 of 833 patients (33%), the transition to chronic kidney disease has been observed. Further information on patient characteristics, underlying disease, transplant coordinates and related complications and relapse mortality are shown in Table 1.

CONCLUSION
AKI after SCT is the rule and not the exception. As the vast majority of patients show AKIN 1, it might be often clinically overlooked. However, early intervention might mitigate the development of long-term renal impairment. Automated detection (AKI alert systems) as well as identification and subsequent avoidance of factors contributing or aggravating injury (e.g. conditioning, immunosuppression, perfusion, tissue edema, inappropriate dosing of drugs) might minimize long-term renal complications in allogeneic SCT.
MO380: Bio-Conductivity Measurement for Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT) in Chronic Kidney Disease—A Non-Invasive and Portable Monitoring Approach
Authors: Yap Desmond , Ka Ying MA Elsa , Yi Oon Wei , Zouari Fedi , Chan Russell W , Wong Eddie C 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND AIMS
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an escalating global health concern, and non-invasive means for early CKD detection is eagerly awaited. Kidneys are water- and electrolytes-rich organs with good bio-conductivity. Kidney fibrosis and tubular atrophy are characteristic pathological changes in CKD [1], and is associated with restricted blood perfusion, fluid diffusion [2,3] and hence reduced bio-conductivity. Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) emerges as a non-invasive, ionizing radiation-free imaging technique measuring dielectric properties of the body parts [4]. This study investigated the relationship of EIT indices and renal function in patients with various stages of CKD.

METHOD
We prospectively recruited 98 patients with different stages of CKD (Stage 1, n = 16; Stage 2, n = 15; Stage 3, n = 20, Stage 4, n = 36 and Stage 5, n = 11). EIT measurements were performed at two frequencies (33.6 and 100 kHz) using a portable EIT device with an electrode belt consisting of 16 gel electrodes. EIT data was pre-processed and reconstructed as mean conductivity maps. Frequency differencing was then performed between conductivity maps at two frequencies. Kidney-related dielectric parameters were extracted around the kidney region located at lower one-third of the frequency differencing conductivity map. Conductivity changes between frequencies were then computed and further regressed with individual biometrics. Predicted eGFR values was then computed and compared with the standard eGFR scores to evaluate its effectiveness on classifying CDK stages.

RESULTS
The detected mean bio-conductivity changes were −3.9, −67.5, −133.5, −212.6 and −294.7 (a.u.) in patients with CKD Stage 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5, respectively (Fig. 1A). Patients with more advanced stages of CKD tend to show more reduction in bio-conductivity, and eGFR correlated positively with reduction in bio-conductivity (R2 = 0.37, P &lt; 0.001) (Fig. 1B). EIT-predicted eGFR (eGFREIT) was further computed by the captured conductivity changes and individual biometrics (Fig. 2). eGFREIT showed significant correlation with eGFR measured by blood tests (R2 = 0.54, P &lt; 0.001).

CONCLUSION
EIT showed good correlation with renal function changes in CKD patients, and thus holds promise to be developed into a non-invasive and portable device for early CKD detection in both clinical and community settings.
MO388: A Critical Evaluation of Anthropological, Biological and Geo-Environmental Factors on Chronic Kidney Disease of unknown Aetiology in Affected Area Against Unaffected Area
Authors: Hewapathiranage Santhushya , Nayanamali Ayesha , Nanayakkara Nishantha 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND AIMS
Chronic kidney disease of unknown etiology (CKDu) has been a critical health issue among the farming communities of Sri Lanka for decades [1]. However, the distribution of CKDu in Sri Lanka is geographically significant by representing endemicity on its own [2]. This study was conducted to identify the anthropological and geo-environmental characteristics of CKDu, in relation to the biochemical profile between known CKDu endemic and non-endemic communities.

METHOD
A total of 214 male individuals from Wilgamuwa (endemic) and 102 male individuals from Mathurata (non-endemic) of 30–60 years were recruited. For each participant, blood pressure (BP), random blood sugar (RBS), serum creatinine (μmol/L) and serum cholesterol (mg/dL) were tested using standard methods. Anthropological data including population structure, farming behaviour and poverty statistics were obtained from the respective government officials. Geo climatic data including elevation, monthly average (Avg.) temperature (°C), monthly Avg. rainfall (mm), monthly Avg. humidity (%) and monthly Avg. UV intensity, monthly Avg. Sun hours (hrs.) were obtained for the two study areas.

RESULTS
Most striking difference between two communities is significantly high serum creatinine (t = 3.5175, P = 0.0005) in male individuals between the age category of 40 to 65 years in CKDu endemic area (M = 109.00, SD = 66.41) in comparison to non-endemic participants in the same age category from non-endemic area for CKDu (M = 85.41, SD = 18.78). The non-endemic area for CKDu, Maturata was colonized since the 16th century due to natural population migrations while the colonization of Wilgamuwa was implemented in a more drastic manner, parallel to the green revolution after the 1960s. Mathurata is located at a high elevation level of 976 m, whereas Wilgamuwa is located at an elevation level of 528 m. In comparison with meteorological variables for the year of 2019, monthly Avg. rainfall (mm) (P = 0.005), monthly Avg. temperature (°C) (P = 0.001), monthly Avg. cloud cover (%) (P = 0.004), monthly Avg. Humidity (%) (P = 0.007), monthly Avg. Sun hours (hrs) (P = 0.001) were highly significant between the two geographical areas.

CONCLUSION
We report comparably adverse weather conditions, higher exposure to natural and artificial toxic exposure in genetically and behaviourally vulnerable group in the CKDu endemic area in comparison with non-endemic area for CKDu.
MO391: Association Between Skeletal Muscle and Level of Physical Activity in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the Peaking Cohort
Authors: Xiao Cuixia , Zeng Jiahao , Yang Changyuan , Ling Xitao , Qin Xindong , Wu Yifan , Lu Fuhua , Liu Xusheng , Guobin Su and 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND AIMS
Favorable skeletal muscles have been associated with higher physical activity (PA) in the general population. However, little is known regarding this relationship in a population of Chinese chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between PA and skeletal muscle in Chinese non-dialysis CKD patients.

METHOD
This was a cross-sectional analysis of the PEAKING cohort—an open cohort aimed to explore the effect of PA on health-related outcomes in the Chinese non-dialysis CKD population from 2017. The PA of patients was assessed by wearing an accelerometer (ActiGraph) for 9 consecutive days. The levels of PA were classified into four categories (no PA, low, moderate and high level of PA) according to the 2008 U.S. Physical Activity Guidelines. The information of skeletal muscles was evaluated by Biospace Inbody 770 within 180 days after the enrollment. Multivariate linear analysis was conducted to investigate the association between PA and skeletal muscle, adjusted for age, sex, CKD stages, smoking and drinking status, drug use and complications.

RESULTS
A total of 104 non-dialysis CKD patients (median age 49.6 years, 48% female, 49% with CKD stage 3 or above) were enrolled in this study. None of the included CKD patients had no or low-level PA while 42 (40%) patients had moderate and 62 (60%) had high-level PA. Multivariate linear regression showed that there was no significant association between skeletal muscle and level of PA (B = 0.07, 95% CI −0.58, 2.01; P = 0.279).

CONCLUSION
Higher-level PA was not significantly associated with more skeletal muscle mass. Further work examining the relationship between skeletal muscle and level of PA needs to be done in a larger sample of non-dialysis CKD patients.
MO398: Salvianolic Acid C Attenuated Fibrosis Through Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 in Fibrotic Kidneys
Authors: Ye Chaoyang , Lin Junyan , Chen Dongping , Wu Ming 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND AIMS
Salvianolic acid C (SAC) is a component of Danshen, a widely used herbal medicine for the treatment of renal cardiovascular diseases. Renal interstitial fibrosis is a common pathway of all kinds of chronic kidney diseases progressing to the end-stage of renal diseases. We aimed to study the effect of SAC on renal fibrosis and explore its underlining mechanisms.

METHOD
Mouse renal fibrosis model was induced by unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) or peritoneally injection of aristolochic acid I (AAI). Moreover, normal rat kidney interstitial fibroblast (NRK-49F) cells were treated with various concentrations of SAC (10 mM–100 mM). Protein samples from in vivo and in vitro experiments were collected to assess renal fibrosis.

RESULTS
Masson staining and Western blotting analysis showed that 2 weeks treatment with SAC attenuated renal fibrosis in UUO or AAI induced fibrotic kidneys. The expression of fibronectin, collagen-I and α smooth muscle actin (αSMA) were increased in UUO or AAI induced fibrotic kidneys, which were down-regulated in SAC treated UUO or AAI induced fibrotic kidneys. In parallel, treatment with SAC reduced the expression of fibronectin and αSMA in NRK-49F cells. Mechanistically, we found that enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) is up-regulated in UUO or AAI induced fibrotic kidneys and Tan-I reduced the expression of EZH2 in fibrotic kidneys. Moreover, inhibition of EZH2 reduced the expression of pro-fibrotic markers and abolished the ani-fibrotic effect of SAC in rat renal fibroblasts.

CONCLUSION
We conclude that SAC attenuates fibrosis in fibrotic kidneys through inhibition of EZH2.
MO400: Treatment of Renal Artery Stenosis: Nephrology, the Best Surgery
Authors: Pérez Fernández Álvaro , García Pablos Nuria , Salcedo Herrero David , Delgadillo Valentin , Inmaculada Poveda García María , Javier Gonzalez Martinez Francisco 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND AIMS
Renal artery stenosis causes hypertension in 10–40% of severe cases or refractory to treatment. As a gold standard test for its diagnosis, we have arteriography, which allows the interventional therapeutic option, through angioplasty and/or stenting. There is no consensus on which patient profile would be the optimal candidate for each treatment. We tried to reach an answer by studying a cohort of 25 patients from our centre with a diagnosis of renal artery stenosis in the last 5 years. The objective was to assess the efficacy of isolated or interventional medical treatment with respect to renal function and the number of antihypertensive drugs.

METHOD
A retrospective observational cohort study was conducted. The study population was the patients who underwent renal arteriography in the last 5 years in our center (n = 25).
We define significant stenosis as greater than 60%, bilateral involvement or of other main arteries. We compared the evolution of glomerular filtration in stages (KDIGO), proteinuria (albumin/creatinine ratio in urine) and number of antihypertensive drugs before and 6 months after the therapy used.

RESULTS
Renal arteriography was diagnostic in 18 patients: 13 of them presented significant stenosis, performing angioplasty in 4, stenting in 6 and angioplasty + stenting in 3.
One antihypertensive drug was reduced in 17% of the patients, two in 22%, and one drug was increased in one of them.
In 83% of the patients, the KDIGO stage of renal function did not change after treatment. An improvement was observed in three patients, who only received medical treatment. No differences were found in the evolution of proteinuria.

CONCLUSION
There were no statistically significant differences in renal function and the number of antihypertensive drugs between isolated medical versus medical and interventional treatment.
It is necessary to expand the patient database, or start multicenter studies, to improve the significance.
MO403: The Association Between Urinary 11-Dehydrothromboxane B2 and Laboratory Parameters in Aspirin-Treated Patients With Cardiorenal Syndrome
Authors: Lukianets Kseniia , Vasilkova Volha , Pchelin Ivan , Shishkin Alexander 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND AIMS
Evaluation of urinary levels of the 11-dehydrothromboxane B2 is one of the methods for assessing platelet reactivity while taking aspirin. High levels of 11-dehydrothromboxane B2 in urine indicate continued thromboxane generation which is associated with an increased risk of atherothrombotic cardiovascular events. The present study aimed to evaluate the association between 11-dehydrothromboxane B2 in urine and laboratory parameters in aspirin-treated patients with the cardiorenal syndrome in subgroups from quartile with the highest and the lowest levels of thromboxane metabolite.

METHOD
A total of 82 patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD) and CKD (stages 2–4) were included in the study. Urinary levels of 11-dehydrothromboxane B2 (a stable metabolite of thromboxane A2) were assessed using ELISA kit by Enzo Life Sciences (Switzerland). Statistical analysis was performed using the chi-squared test and Spearman's rank correlation coefficient.

RESULTS
In the subgroup of patients from the quartile with the highest levels of urinary 11-dehydrothromboxane B2, a history of ischemic stroke (P = 0.032) and a history of myocardial infarction (P = 0.048) were more common. There were significant correlations between urinary 11-dehydrothromboxane B2 and platelet count (rs = 0.457, P = 0.043), platelet crit (rs = 0.481, P = 0.037), pulmonary artery systolic pressure (rs = 0.847, P = 0.016) and left ventricular ejection fraction (rs = −0.719, P = 0.045) in the same subgroup of patients. In the subgroup of patients from the quartile with the lowest levels of 11-dehydrothromboxane B2 in urine statistically significant correlations between thromboxane metabolite and fasting plasma glucose (rs = 0.581, P = 0.007) and hematocrit (rs = 0.441, P = 0.003) were found.

CONCLUSION
Our study identified the relationships between the urinary concentration of 11-dehydrothromboxane B2 and laboratory and echocardiography parameters in aspirin-treated patients with cardiorenal syndrome. Accordingly, the received results represent the varying response to aspirin in patients with stable CAD and CKD. Additional research is needed to clarify the impact of platelet indices and the association between platelet reactivity while taking aspirin and pulmonary hypertension on behalf of the possibility of personalization of antiplatelet therapy.
MO405: Leucine-Rich Alpha-2-Glycoprotein as a Potential Marker of Mesangial Cell Proliferation in Immunoglobulin a Nephropathy
Authors: Popova Anna , Rācenis Kārlis , Kuzema Viktorija , Jana Saulīte Anna , Saulīte Mikus , Broks Renārs , Oļeiņika Kristīne , Šlisere Baiba , Petersons Aivars , Laurinavicius Arvydas , Cernevskis Harijs , Lejnieks Aivars , Kroiča Juta 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND AIMS
Leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein (LRG1) is a novel proangiogenic factor involved in the abnormal angiogenesis and renal fibrosis in diabetic nephropathy by potentiating endothelial transforming growth factor-beta/activin receptor-like kinase 1 (TGF-β/ALK1) signalling [1]. TGF-β mediates mesangial matrix accumulation culminating in the development of glomerulosclerosis [2], which also occurs in immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) patients. Our study aims to evaluate LRG1 as a marker of mesangial cell proliferation in IgAN patients.
METHODS: Adults with a morphologically confirmed IgAN by the presence of IgA deposits by immunofluorescence microscopy were included in the study. Diabetes mellitus, oncology, acute inflammation processes were exclusion criteria. Serum LRG1 was detected using ELISA.

RESULTS
A total of 73 patients with IgAN were included [mean age 41 years, interquartile range (IQR) 35–47; range, 21–65; 65.8% men]. The median estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was 44 (IQR 24–83, range 4–133) mL/min/1.73m2. Kidney biopsies were analyzed according to the Oxford classification: M0 in 10 (13,7%), M1 in 56 (76.7%) patients. The median serum LRG1 was 49 µg/mL (IQR 40.7–57.7, range 29–133.3). Bivariate analyses showed that plasma LRG1 was negatively associated with eGFR (rho = −0.342, P = 0.003). A linear model showed that GFR decline for 1 mL/min was associated with an increase of LRG1 for 0.194 µg/mL. In IgAN patients with an M1-score LRG1 was higher (P = 0027, Mann–Whitney U test), the area under the ROC curve value for serum LRG1 was 0.739.

CONCLUSION
Serum LRG1 increases with GFR decline in patients with IgAN and at the same time correlates with mesangial hypercellularity according to Oxford classification. Therefore, LRG1 might be a potential marker of advanced disease in IgAN.
MO407: Clinical Features & Outcome of 352 Covid-19 Positive Maintenance Haemodialysis Patients in Second Covid Wave in Tertiary Care Centre in South India
Authors: Chege Prafull , Yadla Manjusha 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) infection by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS CoV-2) virus is an ongoing pandemic with high morbidity and mortality rates. The second COVID-19 wave was observed between April–July 2021. Patients with underlying CKD, ˃ 65 years, immunocompromised, post-transplants are at high risk for COVID-19 infection.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES
Clinical features and outcome of 352 COVID-19 positive maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients in a tertiary care centre in South India.

METHOD
Patients admitted with respiratory symptoms with nasal RTPCR positive and on MHD referred to us from April to July 2021, were included. The study design was an observational study. The analysis included clinical profile, epidemiological data, vascular access, lab parameters and outcomes. Data analysed using SPSS version 17 (P-value &lt; 0.05-significant)
STUDY DESIGN: This is an Observational Retrospective study

RESULTS
Clinical profile constituted fever (82.6%), SOB (61.2%), cough (29.8%). Baseline characteristics were: Oxygen was required in 244 patients (69.31%), CPAP in 71 patients (20.17%) and mechanical ventilation in 21 patients (5.96%). Mortality seen in 132 patients (37.5%). Factors affecting mortality were age (P = 0.001), thrombocytopenia (P = 0.004), q SOFA &gt;1 (P = 0.001), CPAP (P = 0.002) and mechanical ventilation (P = 0.0001).

CONCLUSION
The mortality rate was 37.5%. The factors associated with mortality were age, thrombocytopenia, q SOFA score &gt; 1, hypoxemia, patients on oxygen support, CPAP, mechanical ventilation.
MO408: Hepatic Steatosis in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Adrian Therese , Hornum Mads , K. Knop Filip , Peter Almdal Thomas , Rossing Peter , Lida Lisa , Søndergaard Heinrich Niels , Boer Vincent , Marsman Anouk , Petersen Esben , Siebner Hartwig , Feldt-Rasmussen Bo 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND AIMS
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is suggested as being a risk factor for chronic kidney disease (CKD). The incidence of NAFLD is rising globally parallel to the increasing incidences of obesity and type 2 diabetes. As diabetes remains the leading cause of CKD the co-existence of NAFLD, CKD and type 2 diabetes needs to be explored. Here, we evaluated the prevalence of hepatic steatosis in patients with type 2 diabetes and CKD and patients with type 2 diabetes without CKD.

METHOD
This cross-sectional study included 50 patients with type 2 diabetes and CKD stages 3–5 and 50 patients with type 2 diabetes without CKD. Liver fat content was estimated by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) and magnetic resonance imaging proton density fat fraction (MRI-PDFF) by the multi-echo Dixon-technique in a 3 Tesla full-body MRI scanner. Hepatic steatosis was defined as ≥ 5.56% liver fat. Further, continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) was performed for 4 days.

RESULTS
Mean age 72.0 ± 4.9 years and body mass index (BMI) 28.6 ± 3.5 kg/m2 in patients with CKD, and mean age 65.9 ± 7.8 years and BMI 27.0 ± 4.0 kg/m2 in patients without CKD with a predominance of men in both groups. Hepatic steatosis was identified in 22 (44%) patients with CKD and 19 (38%) patients without CKD (P = 0.68). Median (IQR) values of percentage liver fat were 4.7% (3.0–8.5) and 4.1% (2.9–7.7) in patients with and without CKD, respectively, corresponding to 5.3% higher levels of hepatic fat percentage in patients with CKD [95% confidence interval (CI) −23; 45, P = 0.75]. Mean sensor glucose from CGM was 9.0 ± 1.6 mmol/L and 8.7 ± 1.8 mmol/L in patients with and without CKD, respectively (P = 0.47). There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups regarding the percentage of time spent in different CGM ranges: time-below-range, &lt;3.9 mmol/L (P = 0.83), time-in-target-range, 3.9–10.0 mmol/L (P = 0.20) and time-above-range, &gt;10.0 mmol/L (P = 0.20). Pooled data from both groups showed no significant association between the mean sensor glucose from CGM and hepatic fat percentages (P = 0.38).

CONCLUSION
These findings do not support any association between hepatic steatosis and CKD stages 3–5 in patients with type 2 diabetes.