bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Axonal degeneration in the anterior insular cortex is associated with Alzheimer’s co-pathology in Parkinson’s disease and dementia with Lewy bodies
Authors: Fathy Yasmine Y. , Jonkman Laura E. , Bol John J. , Timmermans Evelien , Jonker Allert J. , Rozemuller Annemieke J. M. , van de Berg Wilma D. J. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Axons, crucial for impulse transmission and cellular trafficking, are thought to be primary targets of neurodegeneration in Parkinson’s disease (PD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). Axonal degeneration occurs early, preceeding and exceeding neuronal loss, and contributes to the spread of pathology, yet is poorly described outside the nigrostriatal circuitry. The insula, a cortical brain hub, was recently discovered to be highly vulnerable to pathology and plays a role in cognitive deficits in PD and DLB. The aim of this study was to evaluate morphological features as well as burden of proteinopathy and axonal degeneration in the anterior insular sub-regions in PD, PD with dementia (PDD), and DLB.

Methods
α-Synuclein, phosphorylated (p-)tau, and amyloid-β pathology load were evaluated in the anterior insular (agranular and dysgranular) subregions of post-mortem human brains (n = 27). Axonal loss was evaluated using modified Bielschowsky silver staining and quantified using stereology. Cytoskeletal damage was comprehensively studied using immunofluorescent multi-labelling and 3D confocal laser-scanning microscopy.

Results
Compared to PD and PDD, DLB showed significantly higher α-synuclein and p-tau pathology load, argyrophilic grains, and more severe axonal loss, particularly in the anterior agranular insula. Alternatively, the dysgranular insula showed a significantly higher load of amyloid-β pathology and its axonal density correlated with cognitive performance. p-Tau contributed most to axonal loss in the DLB group, was highest in the anterior agranular insula and significantly correlated with CDR global scores for dementia. Neurofilament and myelin showed degenerative changes including swellings, demyelination, and detachment of the axon-myelin unit.

Conclusions
Our results highlight the selective vulnerability of the anterior insular sub-regions to various converging pathologies, leading to impaired axonal integrity in PD, PDD and DLB, disrupting their functional properties and potentially contributing to cognitive, emotional, and autonomic deficits.
Weight restoration in adolescent anorexia: parents’ goal-directed processes
Authors: Socholotiuk Krista D. , Young Richard A. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundParent-led weight restoration is a key intervention of family-based treatment, an empirically supported treatment for adolescent anorexia. Successful outcomes in family-based treatment depend almost entirely on parental action, yet current understandings of this intervention are primarily informed by professional theory and expert perspectives. Comparatively little is known about parents’ goals and actions while implementing the treatment, despite goal-directed action being an explicit framework of family-based treatment. This study seeks to investigate parents’ involvement in weight restoration from the perspective of the goal-directed actions they construct and engage in themselves and with others. This study focuses on the phenomenon of parent-led weight restoration as a project and addresses the following research question: “How do parents participate in the weight restoration of their adolescent as the adolescent recovers from anorexia nervosa?”.MethodThis multicase study used the action project method and conceptual framework of contextual action theory to examine four cases of five parents engaged in actions to help their adolescent regain weight and recover from anorexia. Data were collected using multi-part interviews and analyzed according to the action project method and the multicase approach.ResultsParents’ weight restoration projects were identified and grouped based on three common a themes. The primary theme, progressing toward health and well-being, was supported by three key processes: maintaining a holistic focus, trusting, and monitoring progress. Two secondary themes captured actions that were integral to the parents’ projects, but with less prominence. Secondary themes were creating capacity, which was supported by three processes (managing emotions to maintain a helpful focus, personal work, and resourcing time and finances), and coordinating and negotiating partnerships. The socio-cultural valuing of the thin ideal emerged as a unique process salient in one case. This study presents a goal-directed and contextual perspective on how parents translated the principles of family-based treatment into their daily lives. It joins a small but growing body of work concerned with generating new understandings and frameworks for practitioners and researchers to enhance the effectiveness of family-based treatment in community settings.
Morphine suppresses the immune function of lung cancer by up-regulating MAEL expression
Authors: Wang Qichao , Liu Zhenfu , Tang Shuhong , Wu Zhen 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Patients with cancer rely on morphine for analgesia, while studies have indicated morphine can induce immunosuppression in cancer. Therefore, investigating the immunosuppressive roles and molecular mechanism of morphine on lung cancer progression is imperative.

Methods
Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release assay was used to determine the cytotoxicity of morphine to lung cancer cells. The percentage of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells was detected by flow cytometry. In addition, Maelstrom (MAEL), Nrf2, and PTEN were determined by western blot and RT-qPCR. Immune factors programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), transforming growth factor (TGF-β), interleukin (IL)-10, and IL-2 were determined by western blot and ELISA assay.

Results
Morphine increased the levels of PD-L1, TGF-β, and IL-10, while decreased IL-2 level. Morphine enhanced MAEL expression in A549 cells and H460 cells. Morphine up-regulated Nrf2 and down-regulated PTEN, and morphine-induced MAEL up-regulation was reversed by PTEN. However, MAEL silencing inhibited the enhanced effects of morphine on cell viability and proliferation of A549 cells. Furthermore, morphine treatment reduced the LDH release and the percentage of CD8+ T cells, and increased the ratio of CD4+/CD8+ T cells and tumor weight. Meanwhile, MAEL silencing reversed the effects of morphine on immune factors (PD-L1, TGF-β, IL-10, and IL-2), the percentage of CD8+ T cells, and the ratio of CD4+/CD8+ T cells.

Conclusion
Morphine activated MAEL in lung cancer cells by Nrf2/PTEN pathway and regulated the immune factors, thereby promoting tumor immune escape.
The effect of academic emotion regulation on EFL learners’ core of self-assessment and academic buoyancy: a structural equation modeling
Authors: Heydarnejad Tahereh , Ibrahim Khaled Ahmed Abdel-Al , Abdelrasheed Nasser Said Gomaa , Rezvani Ehsan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractStudents are essential parts of society, and their mental health and emotional safety as well as a sense of purpose, achievement, and success are the major objectives of successful education. They need to be armed with self-aid constructs to overcome academic setbacks and challenges. Despite the attributions of academic emotion regulation (AER), the core of self-assessment (CSA) to academic buoyancy (AB), no study has ever uncovered their relationships. To this end, the current research intended to test a structural model of English as a foreign language (EFL) university learners’ AER, CSA, and AB. The academic emotion regulation questionnaire (AERQ), the core of self-assessment questionnaire (CSAQ), and the academic buoyancy scale (ABS) were administered to 395 Iranian EFL university learners. Based on the results of structural equation modeling (SEM), AER and CSA predict learners’ AB. Additionally, the contribution of CSA to AB was confirmed. The implications of the findings are to raise learners’ awareness of their personality traits and self-assessment that can foster practical learning and assessment. This study opens new doors for future academic research. The implications of the study may help learners, teachers, administrators, policymakers, and curriculum designers.
Intranuclear inclusions in muscle biopsy can differentiate oculopharyngodistal myopathy and oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy
Authors: Ogasawara Masashi , Eura Nobuyuki , Iida Aritoshi , Kumutpongpanich Theerawat , Minami Narihiro , Nonaka Ikuya , Hayashi Shinichiro , Noguchi Satoru , Nishino Ichizo 
Published: December 2022

AbstractOculopharyngodistal myopathy (OPDM) and oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy (OPMD) are similar and even believed to be indistinguishable in terms of their myopathological features. To address the diagnostic gap, we evaluated the muscle biopsy samples for p62 expression by immunohistochemistry and compared the occurrence and the frequency of intranuclear inclusions among the individuals with OPDM (harboring CGG repeat expansion in LRP12 (n = 19), GIPC1 (n = 6), or NOTCH2NLC (n = 7)), OPMD (n = 15), and other rimmed vacuolar myopathies. We found that myonuclei with p62-positive intra-nuclear inclusions (myo-INIs) were significantly more frequent in OPMD (11.9 ± 1.1%, range 5.9–18.6%) than in OPDM and other rimmed vacuolar myopathies (RVMs) (0.9–1.5% on average, range 0.0–2.8%, p < 0.0001). In contrast, INIs in non-muscle cells such as blood vessels, peripheral nerve bundles, and muscle spindles (non-muscle-INIs) were present in OPDM, but absent in OPMD. These results indicate that OPMD can be differentiated from OPDM and other RVMs by the frequent presence of myo-INIs; and in OPDM, the presence of non-muscle-INIs in muscle pathology should be a diagnostic hallmark.
Steeper lateral posterior tibial slope and greater lateral-medial slope asymmetry correlate with greater preoperative pivot-shift in anterior cruciate ligament injury
Authors: Kataoka Kiminari , Nagai Kanto , Hoshino Yuichi , Shimabukuro Masashi , Nishida Kyohei , Kanzaki Noriyuki , Matsushita Takehiko , Kuroda Ryosuke 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To investigate the association between posterior tibial slope (PTS) and preoperative pivot-shift phenomenon in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)-injured knees.

Methods
Fifty unilateral ACL-injured patients (mean age: 28.0 ± 11.4 years, 29 males) who underwent ACL reconstruction were retrospectively included. Patients with a history of injury to the ipsilateral knee joint, concomitant ligament injuries with ACL injury, and/or more than one year from injury to surgery, were excluded. Pivot-shift tests were performed preoperatively under general anaesthesia using an electromagnetic measurement system, and tibial acceleration (m/s2) during the posterior reduction of the tibia was measured. Medial and lateral PTS (°) were measured respectively using high-resolution CT images taken two weeks after surgery. Lateral-medial slope asymmetry was calculated by subtracting medial PTS from lateral PTS (lateral-medial PTS) and we evaluated the correlation between each PTS parameter (medial PTS, lateral PTS, and lateral-medial slope asymmetry) and tibial acceleration during the pivot-shift test. The level of significance was set at p < 0.05.

Results
Medial PTS was 4.9 ± 2.0°, and lateral PTS was 5.2 ± 1.9°. The lateral-medial slope asymmetry was 0.3 ± 1.6° (range: -2.9 to 3.8). Tibial acceleration during the pivot-shift test in the ACL-injured knee was 1.6 ± 0.1 m/s2. Preoperative tibial acceleration was positively correlated with lateral PTS (r = 0.436, p < 0.01), and lateral-medial slope asymmetry (r = 0.443, p < 0.01), while no significant correlation was found between preoperative tibial acceleration and medial PTS (r = 0.06, p = 0.70).

Conclusion
Preoperative greater tibial acceleration during the pivot-shift test was associated with steeper lateral PTS and greater lateral-medial slope asymmetry in ACL-injured knees. These findings improve our understanding of anterolateral rotatory knee laxity by linking tibial bony morphology to quantitative measurement of pivot-shift phenomenon. Surgeons should be aware that not only lateral PTS but also lateral-medial slope asymmetry are the factors associated with preoperative pivot-shift.

Level of Evidence
Level IV.
Tectonic tremors immediately after the 2011 Tohoku-Oki earthquake detected by near-trench seafloor seismic observations
Authors: Takahashi Hidenobu , Hino Ryota , Uchida Naoki , Matsuzawa Takanori , Ohta Yusaku , Suzuki Syuichi , Shinohara Masanao 
Published: December 2022

AbstractTemporal seismic observations from pop-up type ocean-bottom seismometers were used to detect tectonic tremors immediately following the 2011 Tohoku-Oki earthquake in the northern periphery of the aftershock area. Near-field observations clearly distinguished tremors from regular earthquakes based on their spectral shape in the frequency band of 1–4 Hz. In addition to tremors accompanied by very low-frequency earthquakes (VLFEs), we detected 130 tremors without known VLFE activity during April–October 2011. The newly detected tremors were in the vicinity of a sequence of small repeating earthquakes, indicating a mixed distribution of tremors and regular interplate earthquakes in the region. Tremor activity was high immediately after the deployment of seismometers and gradually decreased. In addition, the tremor activity fluctuated with two activations with an interval of approximately 90 days, similar to the intervals between tremor bursts after 2016. The results of the study suggest that the observed tremors occurred under the influence of aseismic slip caused by the decaying afterslip of the preceding Tohoku-Oki and Mw 7.4 interplate earthquakes and episodic accelerations with a quasi-periodicity unique to the area.
Utilizing questionnaires for medication counselling of patients taking antipsychotics during the COVID-19 pandemic: a single site, community pharmacy-based survey study
Authors: Maehara Masaki , Sugiyama Masayasu 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
During the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, general strategies for preventing infectious diseases, such as social distancing and the use of protective equipment have resulted in communication barriers between pharmacists and patients in community pharmacies.

Methods
To resolve these communication challenges to medication counselling during the COVID-19 pandemic, during their waiting time at our community pharmacy, we administered two questionnaires to patients receiving at least one antipsychotic drug. The first questionnaire, Questionnaire (A), included questions about any problems with wearing a mask and face shield, forgetting to take medication and adverse effects of their medication. The second questionnaire, Questionnaire (B), included questions regarding the evaluation of medication counselling and the ease of using the first questionnaire.

Results
Questionnaire (A) showed that 26.8% of participants had communication problems due to the mask and face shield and 33.8% sometimes forgot to take their medication. The most common adverse effects of the medications were weight gain (43.7%), dry mouth (39.4%) and sexual dysfunction (31%). In the case of Questionnaire (B), more than 80% responded that it was either very easy or easy to fill out Questionnaire (A). Additionally, 93% participants responded that they felt either very good or good about the pharmacist’s medication counselling using Questionnaire (A).

Conclusions
These results strongly suggest that the utilization of questionnaires in medication counselling may be a useful strategy for preventing communication problems between pharmacists and patients receiving antipsychotics in community pharmacies during and after the COVID-19 pandemic.
Antagonistic potential of an Egyptian entomopathogenic nematode, compost and two native endophytic bacteria isolates against the root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) infecting potato under field conditions
Authors: Osman Hamida A. I. , Ameen Hoda H. , Hammam Mostafa M. A. , El-Sayed Ghada M. , Elkelany Usama Samy , Abd-Elgawad Mahfouz M. M. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
The root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne spp., are one of the most dominant and dangerous group of pests. The deformations and discolorations make tubers unmarketable and/or of less quality. Therefore, management of Meloidogyne spp. becomes an obligatory challenge that warrants intervention. Biological control agents are the best alternative tools for controlling plant-parasitic nematodes that comply with the requirements of the development of the green agriculture and that reduce the reliance on these harmful chemicals. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of compost singly, and in combinations with the bio-agents Heterorhabditis bacteriophora, and two bacterial isolates Nem 212 and Nem 213 against the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita infecting potato plants under field conditions.

Results
Among 15 bacterial isolates (Nem205-Nem219) obtained from the rhizosphere of tomato and eggplant from Giza, Egypt, the two isolates (Nem 212 and Nem 213) were molecularly characterized based on the partial 16S rDNA sequencing analysis. These two bacterial isolates were deposited in the GenBank as Bacillus cereus Nem 212 and B. cereus Nem 213 and were tested against M. incognita J2s in vitro. Results showed that the cell filtrates of B. cereus Nem 212 and B. cereus Nem 213 gave the highest percentage of M. incognita J2s mortality (100%), after 48 h of the in vitro application. Moreover, all the applied treatments significantly suppressed the reproductive of M. incognita on potato plants and enhanced the potato crop yield under the field conditions. Compost enriched with B. cereus Nem 212 cell suspension was the most effective treatment. The combination between the bacterial cell suspension and the compost offered an increase in the disease curing and the potato plant growth and yield production, compared to the treatment with compost alone. The entomopathogenic nematode, Heterorhabditis bacteriophora, was relatively less effective in controlling M. incognita on potato, compared to B. cereus Nem 212 and/or B. cereus Nem 213 treatments. However, when compost was enriched with H. bacteriophora, it increased its capability to control the nematodes.

Conclusions
This study provides insights into the practical usage of EPNs H. bacteriophora, and the endophytic bacteria (B. cereus Nem 212 or B. cereus Nem 213) as biocontrol agents against M. incognita on potato plants. The application of compost enriched with the bacterial cell suspensions of either B. cereus Nem 212 or B. cereus Nem 213 and H. bacteriophora within Galleria mellonella cadaver proved efficient control of M. incognita infecting potato plants and improved the growth and yield of potato plants under field conditions.
Prostatic artery embolization using reflux-control microcatheter: prospective experience addressing feasibility
Authors: de Assis André Moreira , Kawakami Willian Yoshinori , Moreira Airton Mota , Carnevale Francisco Cesar 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Prostatic Artery Embolization (PAE) using a reflux control microcatheter.

Materials and methods
This is a prospective, single-center investigation that included 10 patients undergoing PAE for treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) attributed to benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH). Baseline, 3-month, and 12-month efficacy endpoints were obtained for all patients and included prostate-specific antigen (PSA), uroflowmetry, pelvic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and clinical assessment using the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) questionnaire and the IPSS-Quality of life (QoL) item. Complications were assessed using the Cirse classification system.

Results
Ten patients entered statistical analysis and presented with significant LUTS improvement 12 months after PAE, as follows: mean IPSS reduction of 86.6% (2.8 vs. 20.7, − 17.9, P < 0.001), mean QoL reduction of 79.4% (1.1 vs. 5.4, − 4.3, P < 0.001), mean prostatic volume reduction of 38.4% (69.3 cm3 vs. 112.5 cm3, − 43.2 cm3, P < 0.001), mean peak urinary flow (Qmax) increase of 199.4% (19.9 mL/s vs. 6.6 mL/s, + 13.3 mL/s, P = 0.006) and mean PSA reduction of 50.1% (3.0 ng/mL vs. 6.1 ng/mL, − 3.0 ng/mL, P < 0.001). One patient (10%) needed transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) after PAE due to a ball-valve effect. One microcatheter (10%) needed to be replaced during PAE due to occlusion. Non-target embolization was not observed in the cohort.

Conclusion
This initial experience suggests that PAE using a reflux control microcatheter is effective and safe for the treatment of LUTS attributed to BPH.
Long-term evaluation of patient satisfaction and quality of life in pectus excavatum repair
Authors: Di Salvo Neil , Ruggeri Giovanni , Thomas Eduje , Parente Giovanni , Di Mitri Marco , Lima Mario 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
The aim of our study was to evaluate long-term patient satisfaction and quality-of-life improvement in grown-up patients treated for pectus excavatum with the Nuss procedure in the pediatric age, searching for correlation between preoperative characteristics and long-term outcomes.

Methods
At first, we performed a retrospective analysis of pediatric patients undergoing the Nuss procedure in a 5-year period. We administered, at least 5 years after bar removal, a single-step questionnaire to focus on the assessment of patient satisfaction with operative results.

Results
Most patients stated general health and exercise tolerance were improved after the operation. High levels of overall satisfaction were reported after Nuss repair, with 95.6% of patients being either satisfied or very satisfied. Overall, 87.0% of patients stated they would have the operation again. The high overall satisfaction after surgery was not correlated with the deformity severity and the presence of physical symptoms before correction.

Conclusions
Patients expressed high levels of satisfaction in terms of self-image and quality of life. Improvement in cosmetic appearance and health in general translated in most patients in an improvement of social life. The degree of postoperative pain after the Nuss procedure is the overriding factor in the patient’s perception of the quality of the postoperative course.
The application of deep learning in bridge health monitoring: a literature review
Authors: Zhang Guo-Qing , Wang Bin , Li Jun , Xu You-Lin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAlong with the advancement in sensing and communication technologies, the explosion in the measurement data collected by structural health monitoring (SHM) systems installed in bridges brings both opportunities and challenges to the engineering community for the SHM of bridges. Deep learning (DL), based on deep neural networks and equipped with high-end computer resources, provides a promising way of using big measurement data to address the problem and has made remarkable successes in recent years. This paper focuses on the review of the recent application of DL in SHM, particularly damage detection, and provides readers with an overall understanding of the missions faced by the SHM of the bridges. The general studies of DL in vibration-based SHM and vision-based SHM are respectively reviewed first. The applications of DL to some real bridges are then commented. A summary of limitations and prospects in the DL application for bridge health monitoring is finally given.