bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Artistic synthesis of epic and dramatic in F. I. Chudakov's essay "Towards the Clouds"
Authors: Lapteva Natal'ya Andreevna 
Published: April 2022

The object of research in this article is an essay by Fyodor Ivanovich Chudakov (1888-1918) "Towards the Clouds" (1909); the subject of research is the techniques of theatricalization, which was chosen by the author as a narrative strategy. The internal organization of the work (composition, image system, conflict) is based on dramatic principles, which makes the narrative as visualized as possible, and also brings it closer to the reader, who becomes not only a spectator, but also an accomplice of the events described. Descriptive and structural-semantic methods are used in the work. The methodological basis was the research of E. S. Dobin, N. M. Zavarnitsyna, V. E. Khalizeva. В The scientific novelty of the research lies in the fact that this essay is being introduced into scientific circulation for the first time. In addition, the novelty is due to the use of an interdisciplinary approach when referring to the prose work of F. I. Chudakov: the analysis of the work is based on the study of linguistic units of various levels. In the course of the study, the following conclusions were obtained: synthesizing the typological features of the epic and dramatic, F. I. Chudakov solves an important aesthetic task вЂ“ considers the inner world of a person through fixing its external manifestations. To solve this problem, the writer uses various theatrical techniques that create the so-called presence effect: situational speech of the characters not commented on by the author; detailing the appearance of the characters, landscape elements; endowing descriptions with sound and coloristic details; inappropriate direct speech (the effect of "first-person cinema").
Repensando o Islã a partir da América:
Authors: Bartel Bruno Ferraz 
Published: April 2022

Este artigo analisa os impactos da viagem de Sayyid Qutb (1906-1966) aos Estados Unidos da América para a formulação de suas concepções religiosas. A experiência do ativista na América, realizada entre os anos de 1948 e 1950, marca um conjunto de ideias elaboradas por ele sobre a religião islâmica no Egito e o modo como ela deveria guiar seus praticantes frente à expansão cultural norte-americana nos países do Oriente Médio na conjuntura mundial pós-Segunda Guerra Mundial. Argumento que o encontro com a América não se restringiu apenas a um mero exercício de produção de alteridades – exaltação de encantamentos ou evitações –, mas uma fonte potencializadora de reflexões sobre sua própria conduta como muçulmano. Para compreender a dinâmica desses questionamentos, o conceito de objetificação adquire uma relevância significativa.
Use of Popular Opinion Leader Models to Disseminate Information About Clinical Trials to Black Individuals With Lupus in Two US Cities
Authors: Arneson Laura C. , Taber Kreager A. , Williams Jessica N. , Ulysse Sciaska N. , Erickson Daniel L. , Chmiel Joan S. , Milaeger Holly , Freeman Elmer , Canessa Patricia , Song Jing , Chung Anh H. , Feldman Candace H. , Ramsey‐Goldman Rosalind 
Published: April 2022

ObjectiveClinical trials for systemic lupus erythematosus (“lupus”) under enroll Black individuals despite higher disease prevalence, morbidity, and mortality among Black compared to White individuals. To begin to address this disparity, we leveraged community–academic partnerships in 2 US cities (Boston and Chicago) to train popular opinion leaders (POLs) to disseminate information about clinical trials in predominantly Black communities.MethodsThe team of community and academic partners collaboratively developed a 5‐module curriculum about clinical trials, barriers, facilitators, and structural racism in research. We enrolled POLs in Boston and Chicago to participate virtually in the curriculum and assessed knowledge gained by comparing pre‐ and post‐test scores. We described the POLs' ability to disseminate information about clinical trials through their communities.ResultsWe enrolled 19 POLs in Boston and 16 in Chicago; overall, 71% reported a lupus diagnosis, 94% were female, and 80% self‐identified as Black or African American. The program was adapted to virtual formats due to the COVID‐19 pandemic. POLs demonstrated significant improvement comparing pre/post scores for the conduct of clinical trials and history of racism in clinical research. Fifteen POLs (43%) reported their dissemination of information about clinical trials. Information reached 425 community members in Boston (90% virtually) and 1,887 in Chicago (95% virtually).ConclusionBy leveraging community–academic partnerships, we developed and implemented a curriculum to promote familiarity with clinical trials, leading to information dissemination by POLs in predominantly Black communities that are underrepresented in lupus clinical trials. The program successfully transitioned to a virtual model during the COVID‐19 pandemic.
Continuing Professional Development in Rheumatology for Primary Care Clinicians: A Systematic Review
Authors: Robbins Rachel C. , Maciuba Joseph M. , Maggio Lauren A. , Samuel Anita 
Published: April 2022

ObjectiveTo determine the quality of published rheumatology‐focused continuing professional development (CPD) for primary care clinicians (PCCs) for improving the care of patients with rheumatic diseases.MethodsThe authors conducted a systematic review of CPD focused on rheumatology topics for PCCs. A librarian systematically searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, ERIC, the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), and Sinico. Studies were limited to those conducted in North America after 1993. An extraction form that included the Medical Education Research Study Quality Instrument and the Kirkpatrick levels of learning outcomes was created through an iterative process and applied to the included articles.ResultsIn total, 725 articles were retrieved, of which 9 were included. Results showed that CPD was directed more at noninflammatory arthritis than inflammatory arthritis. Autoimmune diseases were underrepresented; 4 studies discussed rheumatoid arthritis, and 1 study examined rheumatologic topics broadly. Newer research tended to include multimodal approaches that combined didactic and active learning strategies, showing an evolution toward more active learning. Although online learning is increasingly popular, interventions were predominantly face‐to‐face, with only a single example of e‐learning. Studies were predominantly of moderate quality.ConclusionPublished studies of rheumatology‐focused CPD are moving toward more interactive teaching modalities and are typically conducted in person, although virtual options for rheumatology‐focused CPD should be explored to improve access to CPD. Autoimmune disease is an uncommon topic in CPD and represents an area for future expansion. Efficacy was difficult to assess given that most of the studies assessed for learner satisfaction, knowledge acquisition, or behavior change, whereas only 1 study focused on patient outcomes.
Metal Halide Perovskite Heterojunction for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Generation: Progress and Future Opportunities
Authors: Purohit Smruti , Yadav Kanhaiya Lal , Satapathi Soumitra 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPhotocatalytic hydrogen generation paves a promising way to mitigate the global energy crisis and deteriorative environmental issues. Among different materials, metal halide perovskites (MHPs) have recently emerged as a promising class of inexpensive and easy‐to‐make semiconductors for various photocatalytic applications such as organic contaminant degradation, CO2 reduction, H2 evolution, and N2 fixation. Although MHPs‐based standalone photocatalysts offer architectural simplicity, they provide restricted control over recombination processes and spatial separation of redox half‐reactions. Meanwhile, heterojunction systems are of growing interest due to their ability to control energy‐consuming redox processes and effectively suppress charge carrier recombination. In this review, the authors elaborately discuss perovskite‐based heterojunction photocatalysts for hydrogen generation both from a material chemistry point of view and band alignment perspective. They discuss the design principle of MHP heterostructures necessary for H2 evolution and the underlying photo‐physics behind process optimization. Moving forward, they conclude by meticulously outlining the ongoing challenges, opportunities, and future outlooks for MHP‐based heterojunction photocatalysts for H2 evolution.
Nano‐Cone Structured Lithiophilic Ni Film on Cu Current Collector Facilitates Li+ Ion Diffusion Toward Uniform Lithium Deposition
Authors: Hu Wang , Rao Yongchao , Chen Peixin , Ju Shenghong , Ling Huiqin , Wu Yunwen , Momma Toshiyuki , Li Ming 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe uncontrolled growth of lithium (Li) dendrite during long‐term cycling has hindered the practical application of the Li metal anode in the next generation rechargeable batteries. A variety of nanostructured current collectors is proposed in Li metal anode to reduce local current density and thus mitigate the Li dendrite formation. Here, the Ni nano‐cone@Al (NCA) structure is utilized to guide the uniform metallic Li nucleation and growth, free from the dendrites. This unique nano‐cone structure can facilitate the ion diffusion toward the bottom of the Ni nanostructures to make effective use of the nano‐cone structure. The surface lithiophilicity is revealed from the view of absorption energy and interface lattice mismatch. It is found that Al on nano‐cone Ni surface decreases the elastic strain energy at the interface rather than decreasing the formation energy. The resulting NCA structured substrate possesses small Li nucleation overpotentials (<0.032 V) and good structural stability upon galvanostatic cycling. Superior cycling stability over 2000 h in a Li|Li symmetric cell is realized. Full cell by paring with LiFePO4 achieves a high coulombic efficiency of 98.1% for over 100 cycles at 0.2 C with a capacity retention of over 97.2%.
Crystallization‐Enhanced Stability by Effectively Suppressing Photooxidation Defect for Optoelectronic Devices
Authors: Zhang He , Lin Dong‐Qing , Liu Wei , Wang Yang‐Cheng , Li Zhu‐Xin , Jin Dong , Wang Jin , Zhang Xin‐Wen , Huang Lei , Wang Sha‐Sha , Xu Chun‐Xiang , Kan Yu‐He , Xie Ling‐Hai 
Published: April 2022

AbstractEffective protection against photooxidation of organic wide‐bandgap semiconductors is a potential method to afford high efficient deep‐blue emission for full color displays. Herein, the crystallization effect of fluorene‐based blue emitter on suppressing the formation of long‐wavelength green band (g‐band) defect is demonstrated through the model of self‐assembled organic micro/nanocrystals. The selected molecule 2,2'‐bi(9,9‐dipropyl)fluorene (DDC3F), which easily generates strong g‐band emission (green index (Igreen/Iblue) of ≈5 under ultraviolet exposure for 3 h) in amorphous state, shows an excellent spectra stability of deep‐blue emission with a green index of ≈0 and an unchangeable CIE coordination of (0.18, 0.09) in crystalline nanorod morphologies. Such effect of crystallization‐induced stability enhancement can be further extended into other solution‐processing methods such as brushing. Molecular dynamic simulation reveals that crystalline nanorods with compact molecular packing enable to effectively block the diffusion of O2 and H2O molecules, which is crucial to suppress the occurrence of photooxidation reactions. Along with high quantum yield of 87% from crystallization‐induced luminescence enhancement effect, such ultrastable deep‐blue emission on crystalline film can also be maintained in solution‐processing organic light‐emitting diode devices. The supramolecular self‐assembled micro/nanocrystals strategy provides a potential platform to maintain ultrastable color purity in organic optoelectronic devices.
Topology Optimization of Phononic Dirac‐Like Cones and Topological Insulators with On‐Demand Operation Frequencies
Authors: Chen Yafeng , Chen Di , Liu Baoshou 
Published: April 2022

AbstractA topology optimization method for designing phononic Dirac‐like cones and topological insulators by achieving the specific modes at specific frequencies is developed. At first, the Dirac‐like cone is created by degenerating one monopolar mode and two dipolar modes at the desired frequency. It is demonstrated that the optimized phononic crystals with Dirac‐like exhibit exotic zero‐index wave manipulation phenomena. Next, by triggering the dipolar and quadrupolar modes simultaneously to form the double Dirac cone and then breaking it to realize band inversion, topological phase transition around the desired frequency is achieved. The robust one‐way edge transport associated with topological phase transition is presented.
A Green and Base‐Free Arylation of Thiomethylated 2‐pyranones and Ketene Dithioacetals via Liebeskind‐Srogl Coupling in Water
Authors: Shaw Ranjay , Pratap Ramendra 
Published: April 2022

AbstractA green and base‐free desulfitative coupling of different thioethers with aryl boronic acids in water. Various thiomethylated 2H‐pyran‐2‐ones, 2‐oxobenzo[h[chromones and α‐aroyl ketene‐dithioacetals were used as substrate to obtained arylated product in very good to excellent yield. Further utility of reaction was carried out by a one‐pot arylation followed by amination of α‐aroyl ketene dithioacetals for the synthesis of 3‐amino chalcones and diarylazoles. The structure of isolated product 4 a and 6 c were ascertained by spectroscopic and single crystal X‐ray diffraction analyses.
Pandemics, past and present: The role of biological anthropology in interdisciplinary pandemic studies
Authors: Dimka Jessica , van Doren Taylor P. , Battles Heather T. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBiological anthropologists are ideally suited for the study of pandemics given their strengths in human biology, health, culture, and behavior, yet pandemics have historically not been a major focus of research. The COVID‐19 pandemic has reinforced the need to understand pandemic causes and unequal consequences at multiple levels. Insights from past pandemics can strengthen the knowledge base and inform the study of current and future pandemics through an anthropological lens. In this paper, we discuss the distinctive social and epidemiological features of pandemics, as well as the ways in which biological anthropologists have previously studied infectious diseases, epidemics, and pandemics. We then review interdisciplinary research on three pandemics–1918 influenza, 2009 influenza, and COVID‐19–focusing on persistent social inequalities in morbidity and mortality related to sex and gender; race, ethnicity, and Indigeneity; and pre‐existing health and disability. Following this review of the current state of pandemic research on these topics, we conclude with a discussion of ways biological anthropologists can contribute to this field moving forward. Biological anthropologists can add rich historical and cross‐cultural depth to the study of pandemics, provide insights into the biosocial complexities of pandemics using the theory of syndemics, investigate the social and health impacts of stress and stigma, and address important methodological and ethical issues. As COVID‐19 is unlikely to be the last global pandemic, stronger involvement of biological anthropology in pandemic studies and public health policy and research is vital.
Electrocatalysis for Continuous Multi‐Step Reactions in Quasi‐Solid‐State Electrolytes Towards High‐Energy and Long‐Life Aluminum–Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Huang Zheng , Wang Wei , Song Wei‐Li , Wang Mingyong , Chen Haosen , Jiao Shuqiang , Fang Daining 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAluminum–sulfur (Al−S) batteries of ultrahigh energy‐to‐price ratios are a promising energy storage technology, while they suffer from a large voltage gap and short lifespan. Herein, we propose an electrocatalyst‐boosting quasi‐solid‐state Al−S battery, which involves a sulfur‐anchored cobalt/nitrogen co‐doped graphene (S@CoNG) positive electrode and an ionic‐liquid‐impregnated metal–organic framework (IL@MOF) electrolyte. The Co−N4 sites in CoNG continuously catalyze the breaking of Al−Cl and S−S bonds and accelerate the sulfur conversion, endowing the Al−S battery with a shortened voltage gap of 0.43 V and a high discharge voltage plateau of 0.9 V. In the quasi‐solid‐state IL@MOF electrolytes, the shuttle effect of polysulfides has been inhibited, which stabilizes the reversible sulfur reaction, enabling the Al−S battery to deliver 820 mAh g−1 specific capacity and 78 % capacity retention after 300 cycles. This finding offers novel insights to design Al−S batteries for stable energy storage.
Electrophilic Spirocyclization of a 2‐Biphenylacetylene via Conformational Fixing within a Hollow‐Cage Host
Authors: Takezawa Hiroki , Fujii Yuya , Murase Takashi , Fujita Makoto 
Published: April 2022

AbstractA 2‐biphenylacetylene was fixed into a specific conformation within the confined cavity of a hollow cage, where it underwent a regioselective spirocyclization in the presence of an electrophile. A 5‐endo‐dig cyclization proceeded selectively in the cage, which stands in sharp contrast to the 6‐endo‐dig cyclization that normally occurs in common organic media. The folded conformation adopted by the substrate within the cage was examined by 1H NMR spectroscopy and X‐ray crystallographic analysis.
TiO2/CdS composite photocathode improves the performance and degradation of wastewater in microbial fuel cells
Authors: Ma Jingying , An Zhihao , Zhang Wenwen , Shen Jia , Qi Yulin , Chen Donghui 
Published: April 2022

AbstractOptimization of dye decolourization for wastewater and power production are explored in dual‐chamber microbial fuel cells (MFCs) with TiO2/CdS photocathodes. The rapid reduction of azo dye methylene blue (MB) and power production were enhanced with TiO2/CdS photocathode under illumination. The analysis of electrochemical impedance spectra indicated that the photocatalysis of TiO2/CdS accelerated the electron transfer process of photoelectrode reduction. Moreover, the UV‐visible light spectrophotometer showed that the maximum degradation of the MFCs was 98.25%, which illustrated that MB may be cleaved by photoelectrons generated by light irradiation on the illuminated TiO2/CdS photocathode. Finally, the power production of MFCs in this work promoted reductive decolourization of the dye MB solution.
Phosphoric Acid Catalyzed Electrophilic Thiocyanation of Indoles: Access to SCN‐Containing Aryl‐Indole Compounds
Authors: Ye Ai‐Hui , Li Zi‐Hao , Ding Tong‐Mei , Ke Hua , Chen Zhi‐Min 
Published: April 2022

AbstractA phosphoric acid catalyzed electrophilic thiocyanation of 3‐aryl indoles, which provides an efficient and modular approach to SCN‐containing 3‐aryl indole compounds, was developed for the first time. A variety of 2‐SCN‐3‐aryl indoles were obtained with moderate to excellent yields. Furthermore, catalytic asymmetric manner of this reaction was also studied. Using chiral phosphoric acid as the catalyst, axially chiral SCN‐containing 3‐aryl indoles were obtained in moderate to good yields with moderate enantioselectivity.
Do children with and without autism spectrum disorder use different visuospatial processing skills to perform the Rey–Osterrieth complex figure test?
Authors: Cardillo Ramona , Lievore Rachele , Mammarella Irene C. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractVisuospatial organization abilities are closely related to other visuospatial processing skills, such as visuomotor coordination, perceptual abilities, mental rotation, and working memory (WM). One task that enables visuospatial organization abilities to be investigated is the Rey–Osterrieth complex figure test (ROCFT). When examining visuospatial functioning, individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have proved capable of operating both locally and globally, depending on the sub‐domain embraced, with a preference for a locally‐oriented processing of visuospatial information. The present research aimed to establish whether different underlying visuospatial skills might account for performance in the ROCFT in children and adolescents with ASD, compared with typically developing (TD), by considering the role of local/global visuospatial processing. The study involved 39 participants who have ASD without intellectual disability, and 57 TD aged 8–16 years. The participants were administered tasks assessing visuospatial organization abilities, manual dexterity, visual perception, mental rotation, spatial‐sequential, spatial‐simultaneous WM, and visuospatial processing. Our results suggest that manual dexterity and visuospatial processing similarly explain performance in both groups, while differences in visuospatial WM account for the two groups' visuospatial organization abilities. Spatial‐simultaneous WM predicted performance in copy and recall conditions in the TD group but not in the ASD group, while spatial‐sequential WM only did so in the latter group, reinforcing the tendency of children with ASD towards local bias in the visuospatial organization domain. The implications of these findings are discussed.Lay SummaryThe visuospatial organization abilities of children and adolescents with and without autism were compared, considering their underlying visuospatial skills. Visuospatial organization impairments emerged for children with autism, who differed from typically developing children in the underlying visuospatial skills involved. Given the crucial role of visuospatial organization abilities in everyday life, our results could inspire practitioners to develop training interventions that take into account the strengths and weaknesses of individuals with autism.
2022: A Year to Prepare for Compliance Requirements
Authors: Via Steve 
Published: April 2022

Key TakeawaysIn 2022, the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is engaging in several regulatory activities that will affect the regulatory compliance of US water systems.Being familiar with the changes in regulations will help US water systems prepare for any changes they should make in their own operations.Areas being addressed this year by EPA include, among others, infrastructure, emerging contaminants, lead service lines, per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances, health advisories, affordability, and cybersecurity.
Automatische Zusammenführung zertrennter Konstruktionspläne von Wasserbauwerken
Authors: Weber Lukas Alexander , Schenk Daniela 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBeim Planen, Bauen und Betreiben von Verkehrswasserbauwerken sind Bestandspläne von großer Bedeutung. Gerade für Instandsetzungen oder Ersatzneubauten, die im Wasserbau einen Großteil der Baumaßnahmen darstellen, beinhalten sie zentrale Informationen u. a. zur Konstruktion der bestehenden Bauwerke. Die Wasserstraßen‐ und Schifffahrtsverwaltung des Bundes (WSV) hat Anfang des Jahrtausends daher alle Pläne mit hohem Aufwand digitalisiert. In dem Digitalisierungsprozess wurden aus technischen Gründen etwa 35.000 Dokumente in Teilaufnahmen (TA) zerstückelt, was deren Übergabe und Nutzung erheblich stört. Diese, im Rahmen eines FuE‐Projekts der Bundesanstalt für Wasserbau (BAW) entstandene, Arbeit zeigt, dass mit Image Stitching, einer Methode aus dem Bereich des computerbasierten Sehens (Computer Vision), die Pläne zum Großteil automatisiert zusammengeführt werden können. Mit einem merkmalsbasierten Ansatz werden dafür die Zusammenhänge zwischen den einzelnen TA modelliert und diese in einer gemeinsamen Bildebene aneinander ausgerichtet. Beim Zusammenfügen zu einem Gesamtplan wird mit einer nahtbasierten Methode sichergestellt, dass die Elemente im Plan möglichst am Stück erhalten bleiben. Es wird gezeigt, wie mit innovativen Methoden die Gesamtqualität des Baubestandswerks der WSV automatisiert verbessert werden kann und diskutiert, wie weitere Techniken aus dem Bereich der Computer Vision eingesetzt werden können, um die Ergebnisse noch weiter zu verbessern.