bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Understanding “Work as Done”: Using a Structured Video-Based Observational Method to Understand and Model the Role of the Physical Environment in Complex Clinical Work Systems
Authors: Joseph Anjali , Neyens David , Taaffe Kevin , Bayramzadeh Sara , Catchpole Ken ,   the RIPCHD.OR Study Group
Published: April 2022

Objective: To describe the planning, development, and implementation of a structured video-based observational method that can be used to systematically examine and model the role of the physical environment within healthcare systems. Background: Direct observation methods are often used in healthcare to study complex healthcare systems. However, these observations often occur in real time, which predisposes the collected data to shortcomings such as time lags in recording of activities, overlooking events, or limiting the scope of information than can be collected. Video observation approaches eliminate many of these challenges and provide opportunities for researchers to understand and model the role of the physical environment. Methods: An approach to developing and implementing a structured video-based observational method to study and model complex health systems is presented. Results: A structured observational approach can be highly effective for collecting multiple layers of data necessary for understanding interactions between the physical environment and other systems components in healthcare settings. The proposed video-based observation method is effective in settings that have clearly defined environmental boundaries, limited number of people, are complex and fast-paced such as the OR, ED trauma rooms, and ICU rooms. Conclusions: Video-based observation is an effective complement to the traditional observational method for in-depth study of the built environment in health systems, enabling researchers to employ quantitative approaches to data collection and analysis, in addition to qualitative interpretations.
LncRNA ANRIL Promotes Autophagy Activation Through miR-16-5p/TLR4 Axis in Allergic Rhinitis
Authors: Wang Mei-Qun , Zhu Xin-Hua , Liu Ke , Tian Xiao-Yan , Liu Yue-Hui 
Published: April 2022

Background Allergic rhinitis (AR) is an allergic disease of nasal mucosa. LncRNAs are key modulators affecting AR development. Neverthelss, the impact of lncRNA ANRIL in AR is not clear. Objective This work decided to study the mechanism underlying the impact of ANRIL on TLR4 expression through targeting miR-16-5p during autophagy and epithelial barrier dysfunction in the progression of AR. Methods Human nasal epithelial cells were exposed to TNF-α to establish AR cell model, AR mice model was constructed by ovalbumin (OVA) treatment. QRT-PCR or western blot assays were applied to measure the levels of mRNA and proteins. Dual-luciferase reporter gene detection and RIP assay were conducted to verify the association between ANRIL and miR-16-5p. Autophagy flux assessment by mRFP-GFP-LC3 method was performed to detect autophagy level. Results AR progression could induce the autophagy, and the expressions of tight junction proteins were downregulated in AR cell model. Moreover, knockdown of ANRIL reversed the effect of AR on autophagy-related protein and tight junction proteins MiR-16-5p was found to be bound with ANRIL and miR-16-5p inhibitor could reverse ANRIL knockdown-induced downregulation of autophagy-related proteins and epithelial barrier dysfunction. In addition, miR-16-5p directly targeted TLR4. Furthermore, knockdown of ANRIL reversed miR-16-5p and TLR4 expression, autophagy level, and tight junction protein levels in nasal mucosa of AR mice. Conclusion This study illustrated that ANRIL acted as a promotion factor in AR induced autophagy and epithelial barrier dysfunction by enhancing the expression of TLR4 via interacting with miR-16-5p.
Web messaging among young people in online services: A descriptive mixed-methods study
Authors: Metsäranta Kiki , Anttila Minna , Pajamäki Tatjana , Holappa Heidi , Välimäki Maritta 
Published: April 2022

Objective To describe web messaging patterns and the content of web messages among young people in a Finnish national online service. Methods A descriptive mixed-method was used. The data consisted of text-based web messaging communication between young people and a counsellor in a nationwide online service between 1 January and 31 December 2018. Web messaging patterns were analysed using descriptive statistics. The content of the messages was analysed with thematic analysis and qualitative results were presented. In addition, the factors associated with messaging patterns and content were analysed. Results A total of 1941 messages were sent by 1354 young people. Most of them were between 12 and 17 years old and females. Less than one-fifth of young people had multiple two-way discussions with counsellor. The total period of two-way discussions and the number of words in each message varied widely. The number of words was lower in messages sent by males. The content of the messages was divided into three main themes: interpersonal relationships and environment (Social relationships), oneself (Construction of self), and health-related problems and support received from professionals (Health and wellbeing). The young people’s messages mostly contained topics related to the main theme of ‘Social environment’. Conclusion Most young people sent one message only. Messages ranged from simple, single messages to complex texts describing the daily life of young people. Girls were more active in messaging, and they wrote longer texts.
Nurses’ experiences of using AsthmaTuner – an eHealth self-management system for healthcare of patients with asthma
Authors: Schoultz Katarina , Svensson Ann , Emilsson Maria 
Published: April 2022

Objective This study describes nurses’ experiences of using eHealth for assessment in the healthcare of patients with asthma. Methods Five nurses with experience of using AsthmaTuner in the healthcare of patients with asthma participated in the study. Individual semi-structured interviews were conducted with the nurses to understand their experiences of using the eHealth system. The transcribed interviews were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Results The results show that nurses as well as patients find the tool useful and easy-to-handle. AsthmaTuner gives the nurses access to more and better information about the patients, which facilitates assessments and makes their work more efficient. The patients become more involved in their care, gain increased control and take more responsibility for their illness and treatment. Conclusions The nurses appreciate eHealth in asthma care. Using AsthmaTuner makes the nurses’ work more efficient and the patients become more involved in their care.
Is the Posterior Approach With Posterior locking compression plate and Anterior Allograft Useful and Safe in the Treatment of Periprosthetic Humeral Fractures Following Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty?
Authors: Vicenti Giovanni , Solarino Giuseppe , Carrozzo Massimiliano , Simone Filippo , Ottaviani Guglielmo , Bizzoca Davide , Zavattini Giacomo , Zaccari Domenico , Buono Claudio , Moretti Biagio 
Published: April 2022

Introduction As the reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA) surgery has dramatically increased in the last few decades, many complications have followed through. The periprosthetic fracture, at the moment, is still a subject of debate in the orthopedic world. In this monocentric study, along with a literature review of periprosthetic humeral fractures, we would present our institutional experience with the treatment of periprosthetic humeral fractures with a posterior humeral approach, posterior cortex plate fixation, anterior strut allograft, screws, and cerclage wires. Materials and Methods Our study consisted in a prospective monocentric study based on 18 patients, with a mean age of 75.3 years (range 64–88), all following a reverse shoulder total arthroplasty (RTSA). Postoperative follow-ups were taken at 1, 6, and 12 months with objective measurement of shoulder motion and strength, while clinical outcome measures were assessed using the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES score) and visual analog scale (VAS) for pain. Together with that, we performed a literature review focused on the management of periprosthetic humeral fractures after shoulder arthroplasty. Results All fractures consolidated without complication at a mean 4.2 months (range 3–6). At final follow-up, the average active shoulder flexion was 88° (range 62–129°), active abduction 73° (range 52–91°) and active external rotation 22° (range 3–56°). The average ASES score was 73 (range 59–97), while average VAS score was 1.1 (range 0–3). Discussion Surgical treatment of periprosthetic humeral fractures following a shoulder arthroplasty remains a hard challenge for every surgeon, and their treatment must consider fracture’s location, displacement, and local bone quality. Conclusions The posterior approach with a posterior plate placement and anterior strut allograft, which is appliable only in case of a B or C type fracture according to Worland classification, could be a good treatment option for periprosthetic humeral fractures.
Proximal Branching of the Anterior Tibial Artery From the Popliteal Artery Increases the Risk of Vascular Injury During Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Retrospective Analysis Using Preoperative Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Intraoperative Findings
Authors: Kimura Yuya , Takahashi Tsuneari , Ae Ryusuke , Takeshita Katsushi 
Published: April 2022

Introduction Arterial injury following total knee arthroplasty (TKA) can be life-threatening. There are some anatomical variations in the popliteal artery (PA) and its branches. In most cases, the PA branches into the anterior tibial artery (ATA) and posterior tibial artery (PTA), which are usually distal to the height of tibial resection in TKA. However, some cases show that the PA branches into the ATA and PTA proximal to the height of tibial resection in TKA. This study aimed to assess the distance from the posterior cortex of the proximal tibia to the anterior wall of the PA or ATA at the height of the tibial cut line, during TKA in the distal and proximal branch groups. Methods 129 patients (6 patients in the proximal branch group and 123 patients in the distal branch group) were enrolled for this study. For prediction of the distance from the posterior cortex of the proximal tibia to the anterior wall of the PA or ATA, preoperative sagittal and coronal magnetic resonance images and postoperative radiographs were evaluated. Results The distance between the posterior cortex of the proximal tibia and the anterior wall of the PA or ATA at the height of the tibial cut line was 1.8 ± 1.1 mm in the proximal branch group and 6.1 ± 2.6 mm in the distal branch group, which was significantly closer in the proximal group (P < .05). Discussion The rate of proximal branching was 4.7%. This study clarified that the proximal branching of the ATA from PA significantly decreased the distance between the posterior cortex of the proximal tibia and the anterior wall of the artery. Conclusions The proximal branch group has a high risk for arterial injury as the artery may be close to the saw, and appropriate retraction should be performed.
Understanding Physical Activity Differences Among Older Adults: Validating a Proposed Typology of Physical Activity as a Tool to Increase Physical Activity by Older Adults
Authors: Grimes Amanda , Kachadoorian Carol 
Published: April 2022

Objective Being physically active as one ages benefits both physical and mental health and remains a public health need. A typology to understand older adults’ PA level and intentions can be vital to developing strategies to promote PA. Methods The researchers developed a comprehensive interview guide and interviewed adults 50 years and older ( n=232) to test the validity of the four-type typology (1). Frail, (2). Ambivalent, (3). Aspiring, (4). Active). Results The Kruskal–Wallis test and the Bonferonni post hoc analysis indicated that there were significant differences between types and for each PA category measured, revealing a continuum of PA levels by type and confirmed the four types within this continuum. Discussion The validated typology and the associated tool can be used to identify and implement built environment improvements and interventions aimed to support PA needs of older adults.
The Recovery After COVID-19 in Nursing Home Residents
Authors: van der Krogt Inge E. J. , Sizoo Eefje M. , van Loon Anouk M. , Hendriks Simone A. , Smalbrugge Martin 
Published: April 2022

Introduction Many nursing homes (NHs) are affected by COVID-19 and 30-day mortality is high. Knowledge on recovery of NH residents after COVID-19 is limited. Therefore, we investigated the trajectory in the first three months after a COVID-19 infection in NH residents. Methods Retrospective observational cohort study of Dutch NH residents with COVID-19 between 1 September 2020 and 1 March 2021. Prevalence of COVID-19 symptoms and functioning was determined using interRAI (ADL-Hierarchy Scale (ADL-HS), Cognitive Performance Scale (CPS) and Revised Index of Social Engagement (RISE)) at four time points. Descriptive and pattern analyses were performed. Results Eighty-six residents were included. Symptom prevalences after three months were higher than at baseline. At group level, functioning on all domains deteriorated and was followed by recovery towards baseline, except for ADL functioning. There were four trajectories; 9.3% had no deterioration. Total and partial recovery occurred in respectively 30.2% and 55.8% of the residents. In 4.7% there was no recovery. Conclusion In 86% of NH residents surviving three months after COVID-19, occurrence of COVID-19 symptoms and deterioration in functioning was followed by recovery. COVID-19 symptoms fatigue and sleeping behaviour were significantly more prevalent, and ADL functioning was significantly lower, at three months compared to baseline.
Systemic sclerosis manifestations and clinical outcomes in Hispanics/Latinos of the American Southwest
Authors: Nunez Sharon E , Ariza-Hutchinson Angie , Fields Roderick A , Vondenberg Jaime A , Patel Rosemina A , Emil N Suzanne , Muruganandam Maheswari , Gibb James I , Poole Janet L , Sibbitt Wilmer L 
Published: April 2022

Objective: Certain Hispanic/Latino (Hispanic) populations have been reported to have higher rates and severity of systemic sclerosis; however, little is known of systemic sclerosis in the American Southwest. This study compared manifestations of systemic sclerosis in Hispanics with non-Hispanics of New Mexico. Methods: This cross-sectional longitudinal study included 109 systemic sclerosis patients followed over a mean of 12.6 ± 8.9 years. Subjects were repetitively evaluated including physical examination, echocardiography, chest imaging, and serologic testing and observed for complications. Disease characteristics and long-term outcomes were statistically compared between self-identified Hispanic and non-Hispanic subjects. Results: A total of 73 (67%) systemic sclerosis subjects were Hispanic and 36 (33%) were non-Hispanic. The cohorts were similar in mean age, age of systemic sclerosis onset, limited versus diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis, telangiectases, gastroesophageal reflux disease, Raynaud’s phenomenon, autoantibody profile, interstitial lung disease, pulmonary hypertension, scleroderma renal crisis, mortality, and comorbid malignancy (all p > 0.05). However, the standardized mortality ratio was increased in both cohorts relative to age-adjusted mortality: Hispanic: 2.08, confidence interval (1.94–2.24); non-Hispanic: 1.56, confidence interval (1.46–1.68). Furthermore, the standardized incidence ratio for malignancy was increased in both cohorts: Hispanic: 1.45, confidence interval (1.35–1.56); non-Hispanic: 1.24, confidence interval (1.16–1.34). The mean age of cancer diagnosis occurred at a significantly younger age in Hispanics (Hispanics: 53.1 ± 9.7 years; non-Hispanics 63.7 ± 7.9 years; 95% confidence interval: −19 ⩽ 10.6 ⩽ 2.2; p = 0.016). Conclusion: Systemic sclerosis phenotype, autoantibodies, complications, outcomes, malignancy rates, and mortality are generally similar between Hispanics and non-Hispanics with systemic sclerosis in the American Southwest. However, age-adjusted comorbid malignancy and mortality rates are significantly increased in both groups.
Musculoskeletal ultrasound of the shoulder in systemic sclerosis
Authors: Surat Vatakan , Sirasaporn Patpiya , Foocharoen Chingching 
Published: April 2022

Objectives: To explore shoulder findings by ultrasonography and to find factors associated with shoulder ultrasonographic abnormalities in systemic sclerosis patients. Methods: A series of systemic sclerosis patients who attended the scleroderma clinic, Srinagarind Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Thailand, were prospectively evaluated for baseline characteristics, physical examination, and ultrasonography of both shoulders. Results: Seventy-four systemic sclerosis patients were enrolled in this study. Diffuse cutaneous type of systemic sclerosis was the most common type (62.2%). The three common systemic sclerosis–associated symptoms were skin tightness (28.5%), salt–pepper appearance (20.9%), and telangiectasia (11.6%). The prevalence of shoulder pain in systemic sclerosis patients was 43.2% (32/74). Sixty-eight patients (92%) had abnormal ultrasonographic findings. The most common ultrasonographic abnormalities were unilateral calcification inside the glenohumeral joint (45.9%), bilateral calcification inside the glenohumeral joint (36.5%), and bilateral supraspinatus tendinosis (28.9%). Skin edematous was the only factor associated with abnormal shoulder ultrasonographic findings. No association between shoulder pain and abnormal shoulder ultrasonographic findings was detected. Conclusion: Ultrasonographic abnormalities in the shoulder were common in the systemic sclerosis patients. The most frequent ultrasonographic finding of shoulder joints in systemic sclerosis patients was calcification inside the glenohumeral joint. Moreover, asymptomatic shoulder ultrasonographic abnormalities were prevalent in individuals with systemic sclerosis.
Extranodal localization of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma in systemic sclerosis: A diagnostic challenge and review of the literature
Authors: Galoppini Giorgio , Maranini Beatrice , Ciancio Giovanni , Padovan Melissa , Casoni Gian Luca , Cavazzini Francesco , Gafà Roberta , Lanza Giovanni , Govoni Marcello 
Published: April 2022

Background: Systemic sclerosis is associated with an increased incidence of malignancies, in particular solid neoplasms. Hematological cancers have been also observed in autoimmune diseases, though rarely present with lung involvement. The latter may be misdiagnosed in systemic sclerosis patients, due to the frequent concomitant interstitial lung disease. Case description: Here, we present the case of a 63-year-old man affected by systemic sclerosis presenting with an atypical lung imaging and splenomegaly, who was diagnosed with splenic marginal zone lymphoma, thus raising the suspicion of lung secondarism. We discuss the diagnostic challenge of differential diagnosis in interstitial lung presentation and briefly review the available literature on this topic. Conclusion: Several reports have demonstrated an increased risk of malignancy in patients with systemic sclerosis. Still, the lack of concretely defined guidelines for systemic sclerosis, along with systemic sclerosis multifaceted organ involvement at presentation, may challenge diagnosis and management. Here, we remark the importance of clinical work-up and a multidisciplinary approach in systemic sclerosis, to early detect and treat concomitant hematological malignancies, especially during the first years of the disease.
Prefrontal Glutamate Neurotransmission in PTSD: A Novel Approach to Estimate Synaptic Strength in Vivo in Humans
Authors: Averill Lynnette A. , Jiang Lihong , Purohit Prerana , Coppoli Anastasia , Averill Christopher L. , Roscoe Jeremy , Kelmendi Benjamin , De Feyter Henk M. , de Graaf Robin A , Gueorguieva Ralitza , Sanacora Gerard , Krystal John H. , Rothman Douglas L. , Mason Graeme F. , Abdallah Chadi G. 
Published: April 2022

Background Trauma and chronic stress are believed to induce and exacerbate psychopathology by disrupting glutamate synaptic strength. However, in vivo in human methods to estimate synaptic strength are limited. In this study, we established a novel putative biomarker of glutamatergic synaptic strength, termed energy-per-cycle (EPC). Then, we used EPC to investigate the role of prefrontal neurotransmission in trauma-related psychopathology. Methods Healthy controls (n = 18) and patients with posttraumatic stress (PTSD; n = 16) completed 13C-acetate magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) scans to estimate prefrontal EPC, which is the ratio of neuronal energetic needs per glutamate neurotransmission cycle (VTCA/VCycle). Results Patients with PTSD were found to have 28% reduction in prefrontal EPC ( t = 3.0; df = 32, P = .005). There was no effect of sex on EPC, but age was negatively associated with prefrontal EPC across groups ( r = –0.46, n = 34, P = .006). Controlling for age did not affect the study results. Conclusion The feasibility and utility of estimating prefrontal EPC using 13C-acetate MRS were established. Patients with PTSD were found to have reduced prefrontal glutamatergic synaptic strength. These findings suggest that reduced glutamatergic synaptic strength may contribute to the pathophysiology of PTSD and could be targeted by new treatments.
Assessment of safety and immunogenicity of MHC homozygous iPSC-derived CD34+ hematopoietic progenitors in an NHP model
Authors: D’Souza Saritha S. , Kumar Akhilesh , Maufort John , Weinfurter Jason T. , Raymond Matthew , Strelchenko Nick S. , Perrin Elizabeth , Coonen Jennifer , Mejia Andres , Simmons Heather A. , Torbett Bruce E. , Reynolds Matthew , Thomson James A. , Slukvin Igor I. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Administration of ex vivo expanded somatic myeloid progenitors has been explored as a way to facilitate a more rapid myeloid recovery and improve overall survival after myeloablation. Recent advances in induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technologies have created alternative platforms for supplying off-the-shelf immunologically compatible myeloid progenitors, including cellular products derived from major histocompatibility complex (MHC) homozygous superdonors, potentially increasing the availability of MHC-matching cells and maximizing the utility of stem cell banking. However, the teratogenic and tumorigenic potential of iPSC-derived progenitor cells and whether they will induce alloreactive antibodies upon transfer remain unclear. We evaluated the safety and efficacy of using CD34+CD45+ hematopoietic progenitors derived from MHC homozygous iPSCs (iHPs) to treat cytopenia after myeloablative hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transplantation in a Mauritian cynomolgus macaque (MCM) nonhuman primate (NHP) model. We demonstrated that infusion of iHPs was well tolerated and safe, observing no teratomas or tumors in the MCMs up to 1 year after HSC transplantation and iHP infusion. Importantly, the iHPs also did not induce significant levels of alloantibodies in MHC-matched or -mismatched immunocompetent MCMs, even after increasing MHC expression on iHPs with interferon-γ. These results support the feasibility of iHP use in the setting of myeloablation and suggest that iHP products pose a low risk of inducing alloreactive antibodies.