bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Survival outcomes in hypopharyngeal cancer in the West of Scotland Cancer Network
Authors: Poon Wai‐Yan , Paterson Claire , McLoone Philip , Grose Derek , Schipani Stefano , Lamb Carolynn , James Allan , Wilson Christina 
Published: November 2022

Key Points
Most patients (82%) present with locally advanced disease.
Most patients (90%) have a smoking history, over one third have poor PS and all have co‐morbidities (58% single, 42% multiple).
7% of patients were unsuitable for investigations to obtain a histological diagnosis, nearly half of patients were unsuitable for anti‐cancer treatment.
In those treated radically, the pattern of treatment failure is loco‐regional.
Multi‐modality treatment with surgery and RT appears to confer a survival advantage in patients with stage 4a/b disease.
Retrospective analysis of the impact of pre‐transplant implantable cardioverter‐defibrillator status on long‐term prognosis in heart transplant patients
Authors: Dean Matthew , Zoni Cesar Rodrigo , Copeland Laurel A. , Pickett Christopher , Sudhakar Chittoor B. Sai , Ravi Yazhini 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundSudden cardiac death (SCD) post‐heart transplantation affects 8%–35% of patients; however, the risk profile remains to be completely elucidated. While pre‐transplant ICDs are typically removed during transplantation, no information exists to suggest if this pre‐transplant risk stratification is also associated with post‐transplant outcomes. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of pre‐transplant ICD status on long‐term prognosis post‐heart transplant.MethodsThe United Network for Organ Sharing registry was queried for all adult heart transplant recipients from 2010 to 2018. Patients were categorized as with versus without ICD prior to heart transplantation. Survival was compared using Kaplan‐Meier analysis. Proportional hazards regression analysis assessed the impact of ICDs adjusting for clinical and demographic covariates.ResultsOf 19 026 patients included, 78.6% (n = 14 960) had received an ICD at time of registration. Patients with an ICD were older [54.9 (±11.6) years vs. 48.6 (±15.3) years, p < .001], less likely to be female [25.7% (n = 3842) vs. 31.2% (n = 1269), p < .001], and more commonly diabetic [29.3% (n = 4376) vs 23.5% (n = 954), p < .001]. Kaplan‐Meier analysis showed no difference in unadjusted survival trajectory by ICD status (chi‐square = .48, p = .49). Survival was unrelated to ICD status in the multivariable model (HR = .98; 95% CI .90–1.07).ConclusionsPatients receiving an ICD pre‐transplant had a higher prevalence of risk factors for SCD than non‐ICD patients, yet ICD status prior to heart transplantation was not associated with a change in long‐term prognosis post‐heart transplantation.
High‐frequency oscillations (250–500 Hz) in animal models of Alzheimer's disease and two animal models of epilepsy
Authors: Lisgaras Christos Panagiotis , Scharfman Helen E. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo test the hypothesis that high‐frequency oscillations (HFOs) between 250 and 500 Hz occur in mouse models of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and thus are not unique to epilepsy.MethodsExperiments were conducted in three mouse models of AD: Tg2576 mice that simulate a form of familial AD, presenilin 2 knock‐out (PS2KO) mice, and the Ts65Dn model of Down's syndrome. We recorded HFOs using wideband (0.1–500 Hz, 2 kHz) intra‐hippocampal and cortical surface electroencephalography (EEG) at 1 month until 24 months of age during wakefulness, slow wave sleep (SWS), and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. In addition, interictal spikes (IISs) and seizures were analyzed for the possible presence of HFOs. Comparisons were made to the intra‐hippocampal kainic acid and pilocarpine models of epilepsy.ResultsWe describe for the first time that hippocampal and cortical HFOs are a new EEG abnormality in AD mouse models. HFOs occurred in all transgenic mice but no controls. They were also detectable as early as 1 month of age and prior to amyloid beta plaque neuropathology. HFOs were most frequent during SWS (vs REM sleep or wakefulness). Notably, HFOs in the AD and epilepsy models were indistinguishable in both spectral frequency and duration. HFOs also occurred during IISs and seizures in the AD models, although with altered spectral properties compared to isolated HFOs.SignificanceOur data demonstrate that HFOs, an epilepsy biomarker with high translational value, are not unique to epilepsy and thus not disease specific. Our findings also strengthen the idea of hyperexcitability in AD and its significant overlap with epilepsy. HFOs in AD mouse models may serve as an EEG biomarker, which is detectable from the scalp and thus amenable to noninvasive detection in people at risk for AD.
Facial emotions recognition using local monotonic pattern and grey level co‐occurrence matrices images aided development
Authors: Almukhtar Firas H. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this article, local monotonic pattern (LMP) paired with grey level co‐occurrence matrix (GLCM) methods are suggested to identify facial emotions with a high identification rate even when the face pictures are rotated. The proposed method extracts image features using the properties of the LMP algorithm and features extracted from the GLCM, which are then fed into the Support Vector Machine (SVM) process that reduces the dimensionality of the features vector and classifies the output into different facial expressions or emotions. The SVM performance rate is then compared to the K‐nearest neighbour approach (KNN) to see which method produces the best facial emotion identification and categorization. The study identified facial emotions in the images using advanced algorithms of GLCM and LMP models to be compared. As a result, the accuracy of SVM and KNN was utilized to determine the method's usefulness in classification using the application of MATLAB. A result of more than 93% was achieved using the SVM method compared with 89.4% using the KNN for the recognition process. The study also demonstrated that this approach would lead to more classification outcomes if the LMP and GLCM are combined with an edge‐based technique yielding a new method that is more efficient and more effective.
Revisiting “ill will versus poor skill”: Relationship dissatisfaction, intimate partner violence, and observed “communication skills deficits”
Authors: Heyman Richard E. , Slep Amy M. Smith , Giresi Jill , Baucom Katherine J. W. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractFor decades, researchers, interventionists, and the lay public have subscribed to the notion that couples low in relationship satisfaction and/or experiencing psychological, physical, or sexual intimate partner violence (IPV) have communication skills deficits. In contrast, experimental studies of communication have concluded that differences were more likely due to partners' “ill will than poor skill.” We revisited this debate by recruiting a fairly generalizable sample of couples (N = 291) via random‐digit dialing and asking them to discuss two top conflict areas (“at your best” and “as you typically do”), thus measuring will—conscious inhibition of hostility and negative reciprocity and production of positivity (i.e., the “conflict triad”). The conflict triad was observed with the Rapid Marital Interaction Coding System, Second Generation. We found partial support for the hypotheses grounded in Finkel's I3 meta‐model. Frequency of hostility was associated with a complicated satisfaction × IPV‐extent × conversation type × gender interaction, indicating that couples' communication skills are multi‐determined. Unhappier couples showed almost no change in positivity when at their best, whereas happier couples nearly doubled their positivity despite their considerably higher typical positivity mean. Negative reciprocity was associated with satisfaction and IPV‐extent but not conversation type, implying that immediate instigation combined with risk factors overwhelms conscious inhibition. Intervention implications are discussed.
Racial socialization and perceived social support for African American fathers in academia
Authors: Williams Ebony K. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to understand the role that racial socialization plays in African American fathers' abilities to balance the responsibilities of being productive scholars and active parents and understand how racial socialization affects the perceived social support in the home and work environments.BackgroundThough there is research on the microaggressions and implicit bias that African American faculty face, there is little research that specifically details the experiences of those balancing both the father and faculty member roles.MethodData were collected using semistructured interviews with 20 African American fathers who were employed as faculty members at various institutions in the United States. Additionally, I explored how the murders related to the #SayTheirName movement influenced conversations fathers had with their children related to racial socialization and anti‐Black racism in the United States.ResultsParticipants noted that they experienced microaggressions in their academic environments. They were perceived as intimidating or characterized as the Angry Black Man. These perceptions were sources of mundane extreme environmental stress for participants. An emergent finding related to social support and work–life balance was that most study participants were members of Black Greek Letter Organizations (BGLOs) and found instrumental, informational, and emotional social support from these relationships.ConclusionRacial socialization received in their upbringing was a source of self‐efficacy for some participants. Additionally, perceived social support from the home and work environment was important for the participants' individual development, yet it was not the primary factor that influenced their work–life balance.
The value of thymus and activation related chemokine immunohistochemistry in classic Hodgkin lymphoma diagnostics
Authors: Kilsdonk Melvin , Veldman Carlijn , Rosati Stefano , Plattel Wouter , Diepstra Arjan 
Published: November 2022

AimsClassic Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) should be distinguished from its wide variety of histological mimics, including reactive conditions and mature B and T cell neoplasms. Thymus and activation‐related chemokine (TARC) is produced in extremely high quantities by the Hodgkin/Reed–Sternberg (HRS) tumour cells and is largely responsible for the attraction of CD4+ T cells into the cHL tumour micro‐environment. In the current study we evaluated the diagnostic potential of TARC immunohistochemistry in daily practice in a tertiary referral centre in the Netherlands.Methods and resultsA total of 383 cases, approximately half of which were cHL mimics, were prospectively evaluated in the period from June 2014 to November 2020. In 190 cHL cases, 92% were TARC‐positive and the majority of cases showed strong and highly specific staining in all HRS cells (77%). In most cases, TARC could discriminate between nodular lymphocyte‐predominant and lymphocyte‐rich Hodgkin lymphoma. HRS‐like cells in mature lymphoid neoplasms were rarely positive (6.4%) and there was no TARC staining at all in 64 reactive lymphadenopathies.ConclusionsTARC immunohistochemistry has great value in differentiating between cHL and its mimics, including nodular lymphocyte‐predominant Hodgkin lymphoma, reactive lymphadenopathies and mature lymphoid neoplasms with HRS‐like cells.
Research trends in Australia and New Zealand Nephrology: basic science and gender equity in peril
Authors: Purvis Megan R. , Robertson Harry , Patrick Ellis , Rogers Natasha M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBasic science research remains fundamental to progress in clinical care, understanding of disease pathophysiology and underpinning the evolution of personalised medicine. Exposure to research is pivotal to educating students, but a declining profile of basic science research has the potential to erode research capacity further. The capacity for women to engage in research and remain in academia long term is continually challenged by negative gender‐based experiences and institutional barriers. The authors explored themes and authorship of abstracts presented at Australia and New Zealand–‐based nephrology conferences, as a surrogate marker of trends in research activity and gender engagement. Basic science research and female senior authorship declined during the study period, which has serious implications for the future of nephrology.
High rates of the SDHB p.Arg46Gln pathogenic variant predisposes New Zealand Māori to phaeochromocytoma/paraganglioma
Authors: Shand James A. D. , van Schalkwyk Johan , Beavis Vanessa , Niyagama Anjana , Taylor Saana , Eagleton Carl 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundPhaeochromocytomas (PCC) and paragangliomas (PGL; together PPGL) are rare tumours of the adrenal medulla or extra‐adrenal paraganglia. They may secrete catecholamines with significant cardiovascular effects. Management of PPGL is predominantly surgical, despite the anaesthetic risks related to potential haemodynamic instability. Meticulous pre‐treatment and intra‐operative management are required to improve cardiovascular outcomes.AimsThere are limited local data regarding the incidence of PPGL and the clinical characteristics of individuals diagnosed with these tumours in New Zealand. We undertook a retrospective study investigating the local practice and patient characteristics with an additional focus on intra‐operative haemodynamic stability and post‐operative outcomes.MethodsElectronic patient records were searched for individuals with a diagnosis of PPGL. Clinical records and electronic databases were interrogated for pre‐operative, intra‐operative and post‐operative data points. Particular attention was paid to rates and types of germline mutations, intra‐operative haemodynamic stability and post‐operative renal and cardiovascular outcomes.ResultsWe identified 49 individuals with PPGL, of whom 34 were from the local area. This gave a local incidence of PPGL of around five cases per million people per year. Māori were significantly over‐represented in our cohort, with this being in part due to high rates of the SDHB R46Q mutation.Over 95% of our cohort met pre‐specified pre‐operative blood pressure parameters. Intra‐operative monitoring revealed a tendency to hypotension, but this did not translate into adverse post‐operative outcomes, which were infrequent.ConclusionsMāori were over‐represented due to high rates of germline SDHB R46Q mutations. There were few post‐operative adverse outcomes in this contemporary cohort.
Effect of combined UV‐thermosonication and Ecklonia cava extract on advanced glycation end‐products in soymilk
Authors: Park Jong Jin , Olawuyi Ibukunoluwa Fola , Lee Won Young 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThermal treatment is used to inactivate microbes in soymilk, but it increases the amount of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). Therefore, this study examined if ultraviolet light with thermo‐sonication (UVTS) and Ecklonia cava extract (EX) could provide an alternative process to prevent AGEs formation in processed soymilk. A coiled tube UV reactor was used simultaneously with an ultrasonic generator for UVTS treatment, while an autoclave was employed for thermal treatment. UVTS treatment was examined at different temperatures and flow rates to achieve a 5‐log reduction of pre‐inoculated Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium in soymilk. After confirming EX's anti‐glycation effects against fructosamine, ɑ‐dicarbonyl compounds, protein carbonyl content, and AGEs formation, it was added to soymilk before the UVTS. The ɑ‐dicarbonyl compounds (glyoxal and methylglyoxal) and AGEs (Nε‐(1‐carboxymethyl)‐l‐lysine [CML] and Nε‐(1‐carboxyethyl)‐l‐lysine [CEL]) in soymilk increased after autoclaving (AC). Compared with AC, the UVTS with .05% EX decreased glyoxal, methylglyoxal, CML, and CEL by 78%, 82%, 32%, and 59%, respectively. These results indicated that UVTS with EX could be an alternative pasteurization process for soymilk that minimizes AGEs formation.
Soluble soybean polysaccharide/TiO2 nanocomposites: Biological activity, release behavior, biodegradability, and biosafety
Authors: Salarbashi Davoud , Tafaghodi Mohsen , Rajabi Omid , Fazli Bazzaz Bibi Sedigheh , Soheili Vahid 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis study aimed to produce and characterize eco‐friendly SSPS nanocomposites incorporated with various concentrations of TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) (1%, 3%, and 7%). The antimicrobial activity of the nanocomposite films against five strains of pathogenic bacteria was examined. Salmonella typhi PTCC 1609 was the most sensitive species to TiO2 NPs at concentrations equal to the synthetic antibiotic. The migration of TiO2 to ethanol and acetic acid, as two food simulants increased when the initial nano‐TiO2 content increased. The release profiles for TiO2 in two simulants of ethanol and acetic acid indicated a non‐Fickian release, and the release kinetics were concentration‐dependent. SSPS/TiO2 nanocomposites degraded easily and thus have the potential to be applied as an eco‐friendly packaging system. Oral administration of doses of 1, 12.5, 25, 50, and 75 mg/kg TiO2 revealed that the dose of 50 and 75 mg/kg increased malondialdehyde (p < .001) concentration in the liver tissue. In addition, it decreased glutathione (p < .001) concentration in the liver tissue.
Portal vein thrombosis compromises the performance of MELD and MELD‐Na scores in patients with cirrhosis
Authors: Ouyang Renjie , Li Hai , Tan Wenting , Wang Xianbo , Zheng Xin , Huang Yan , Meng Zhongji , Gao Yanhang , Qian Zhiping , Liu Feng , Lu Xiaobo , Shi Yu , Shang Jia , Liu Junping , Deng Guohong , Zheng Yubao , Yan Huadong , Jiang Xiuhua , Zhang Yan , Qiao Liang , Zhou Yi , Hou Yixin , Xiong Yan , Chen Jun , Luo Sen , Gao Na , Ji Liujuan , Li Jing , Zheng Rongjiong , Ren Haotang , Wang Haiyu , Zhong Guotao , Li Beiling , Chen Jinjun 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackground and AimsThe accuracy of model for end‐stage liver disease (MELD) and MELD with sodium (MELD‐Na) scores in reflecting the clinical outcomes of patients with cirrhosis and portal vein thrombosis (PVT) remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of scores in predicting 90‐day mortality in patients with cirrhosis and PVT.MethodsPost hoc analysis was performed in two prospective cohorts (NCT02457637 and NCT03641872). The correlation between the MELD/MELD‐Na score and 90‐day liver transplantation (LT)‐free mortality was investigated in patients with cirrhosis with and without PVT.ResultsIn this study, 2826 patients with cirrhosis were included, and 255 (9.02%) had PVT. The cumulative incidence of 90‐day LT‐free mortality did not significantly differ between patients with and without PVT (log‐rank P = 0.0854). MELD [area under the receiver operating curve (AUROC), 0.649 vs. 0.842; P = 0.0036] and MELD‐Na scores (AUROC, 0.691 vs. 0.851; P = 0.0108) were compared in patients with and without PVT, regarding the prediction of 90‐day LT‐free mortality. In MELD < 15 and MELD‐Na < 20 subgroups, patients with PVT had a higher 90‐day LT‐free mortality than those without PVT (7.91% vs. 2.64%, log‐rank P = 0.0011; 7.14% vs. 3.43%, log‐rank P = 0.0223), whereas in MELD ≥ 15 and MELD‐Na ≥ 20 subgroups, no significant difference was observed between patients with and without PVT.ConclusionsThe performance of MELD and MELD‐Na scores in predicting 90‐day LT‐free mortality of patients with cirrhosis was compromised by PVT. MELD < 15 or MELD‐Na < 20 may underestimate the 90‐day LT‐free mortality in patients with PVT.
Glucocorticoid regulation of diurnal spine plasticity in the murine ventromedial prefrontal cortex
Authors: Miller Alex M. , Daniels Renata M. , Sheng Julietta A. , Wu T. John , Handa Robert J. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) regulates fear acquisition, fear extinction, mood, and HPA axis function. Multiple brain regions exhibit time‐of‐day dependent variations in learning, long term potentiation (LTP), and dendritic morphology. Glucocorticoids have been implicated in the regulation of dendritic structure in the context of stress. Glucocorticoids are also known to regulate molecular clock entrainment via upregulation of Per1 transcription. In the present study, C57BL/6 N mice were sacrificed at three distinct times of day (ZT3, ZT12, and ZT16, lights off at ZT12) and Per1 mRNA expression was measured in the infralimbic and prelimbic vmPFC subregions using droplet digital (dd) PCR after recovering from adrenalectomy or sham surgery for 10 days. Sham mice showed Per1 rhythmicity in both infralimbic (IL) and prelimbic (PL) cortex, with peak expression occurring at ZT12. Adrenalectomized mice showed reductions in Per1 amplitude at ZT12 in both IL and PL, suggesting that the vmPFC molecular clock is entrained by diurnal glucocorticoid oscillations. Thy1‐eGFP mice were used to visualize and quantify dendritic spine density on deep layer pyramidal dendrites at ZT 3, 12, and 16. Spine density in both PL and IL exhibited changes between the light (inactive) and dark (active) phases, with peak spine density observed at ZT16 and trough spine density observed at ZT3. These changes in spine density were restricted to changes in long thin and stubby type spines. To determine if changes in spine density is regulated by glucocorticoid oscillations, the 11β‐hydroxylase inhibitor metyrapone was administered 2 h prior to the onset of the active phase (ZT10) daily for 7 days. Metyrapone administration blocked both the diurnal peak of plasma corticosterone and peak spine densities in the IL and PL at ZT16. These results suggest that vmPFC molecular clock gene and dendritic spine diurnal rhythms depend on intact diurnal glucocorticoid oscillations.
Ambiguous loss in organ donor families: A constructivist grounded theory
Authors: Avilés Lissette , Kean Susanne , Tocher Jennifer 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAims and ObjectivesExplore families' experiences when being approached for organ donation authorisation after brainstem death.BackgroundThe complexities of potential organ donor families' experiences include challenges related to emotional distress, coping with the loss and the organ donation decision‐making process, and support needed. A lack of conceptual clarity was found concerning families' experiences when being approached for organ donation authorisation, which guided the study.DesignConstructivist grounded theory.MethodsSeventy‐one participants, including healthcare professionals and families, were recruited from two large hospitals in Chile between 2017 and 2019. Field notes, documents (n = 80), interviews (n = 27) and focus groups (n = 14) were collected and analysed following Charmaz's constructivist grounded theory principles and practices until theoretical saturation was reached. The study is reported using the COREQ checklist.ResultsA third type of ambiguous loss of bereaved families' experience was developed as a fourfold process: (1) impending loss, (2) confirming loss, (3) ambiguous loss and organ donation decision‐making and (4) organ donation as a third type of ambiguous loss. This grounded theory expands the concepts of ambiguous loss by Boss, dying by Glaser and Strauss and grief by Brinkmann, enabling explanation of families' experiences.ConclusionFamilies of potential organ donors develop a highly complex grieving process, which may play a significant role in the organ donation decision‐making process. Ambiguity is embedded in how donor families reframe the existence of the donor through the act of giving life.Relevance to clinical practiceThe findings shed light on families' experiences on the organ donation process after brainstem death. The study can be used in nursing practice, education and to inform policy nationally and globally, mainly due to the current focus on quantitative measures and legislative changes fostering individual decision‐making.Patient or Public ContributionFamilies contributed through their first‐hand experiences of the organ donation process.