bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
General friction law for velocity‐stress dependent phase transition in granular flow
Authors: Wang Yang , Wu Wei , Evans T. Matthew , Wu Huanran , Xiao Yang 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPlane shear flow is an important configuration for granular materials. We study the variation of states in plane shear flow, that is, the jam‐flow, slip‐flow, and flow states, in particular the velocities, kinetic energy, contact numbers, and force chains. An open‐source physics‐engine system (BLENDER‐REATICLE) is adopted in this study, which is developed based on the impulse‐based dynamics with the 3D creation suite Blender and the physics engine Bullet. The particles are assumed to be rigid bodies and the elastic energy and gravitational potential energy are neglected in the plane shear flow without gravity. In the phase transition diagram with axial normal stress, shear stress, and solid fraction, the critical‐jamming solid fraction and the critical shear stress are found to increase with the normal stress. We show further that a common power law with the exponent of 0.5 captures well the distributions of particles with low energy. This power law indicates the existence of ergodicity in small‐energy transformation. Moreover, we present a general friction law where the relationships between the effective friction coefficients and the inertial number obey a zero‐order infinitesimal function in the vicinity of the point with Iboundary = 0.
An algorithmic framework for computational estimation of soil freezing characteristic curves
Authors: Kebria Mahyar Malekzade , Na SeonHong , Yu Fan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMany numerical models for simulating freezing and thawing phenomena of soil have been developed due to emerging geotechnical issues in cold regions. In particular, coupled thermo‐hydro‐mechanical (THM) analysis is used to evaluate complicated deformation, thermal, and moisture transport behavior of freezing–thawing soils. This study proposes a soil‐freezing characteristic curve (SFCC) that is robust and adaptive with various computational frameworks, including the THM approach. The proposed SFCC can also account for different soil types by incorporating the particle size distribution. Here an automatic regression scheme is adopted to update the SFCC associated with deformation and thermal changes. In addition, a smoothing algorithm is adopted to prevent a sharp change of the SFCC due to phase transition between the liquid water and crystal ice. Based on experimental works in the literature, the applicability of our model is demonstrated when the initial water contents and soil particle distribution differ. We further investigate the performance of the proposed SFCC as a constitutive model within a simplified THM framework. Our results show that the proposed model captures the desired behavior of different soil types in the freezing process, such as freezing temperature depreciation, the effect of compaction, and mechanical loading on unfrozen water content.
A ternary biocomposite based on modified fish scale collagen and ginsenoside Rb1: preparation, properties and bioactivities
Authors: Nguyen Thuy Chinh , Tran Do Mai Trang , Hoang Tran Dung , Le Trong Lu , Nguyen Tien Dung , Ngo Thi Cam Quyen , Pham Thi Hong , Vu Thi Thu Le , Can Van Mao , Thai Hoang 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis paper presents some characteristics, morphologies and bioactivities of modified collagen films (MCF) in a combination of fish scale collagen gel, crosslinking agent and ginsenoside Rb1. Collagen was extracted from freshwater fish scales by biochemical methods using pepsin enzyme to improve collagen hydrolysis. Glutaraldehyde, glucose and riboflavin were chosen as modification agents for the obtained collagen. These collagen samples were processed into MCF by a 3D printing method. The characteristics and morphologies of MCF were evaluated using infrared, energy‐dispersive X‐ray, field emission scanning electron microscopy and high‐performance liquid chromatography techniques. Moreover, the biocompatibility, hemostatic ability and anti‐inflammatory and antimicrobial activities of MCF were tested for preliminarily assessing the application efficiency of MCF. The obtained results suggest that crosslinking agent and ginsenoside Rb1 have effects on properties of collagen. MCF are well biocompatible, have great anti‐inflammatory and antimicrobial ability, are nontoxic to normal cells and have short blood clotting time. They are promising for applications of 3D printed modified collagen/ginsenoside Rb1 biocomposite films in biomedicine as hemostatic agents or other biomedical materials. © 2022 Society of Industrial Chemistry.
A novel CRITIC‐TOPSIS approach for optimal selection of software reliability growth model (SRGM)
Authors: Saxena Palak , Kumar Vijay , Ram Mangey 
Published: March 2022

AbstractVarious Software Reliability Growth Models (SRGMs) have been developed over last five decades to estimate the failure rate, software reliability and remaining number of faults in the software during testing phase of software development life cycle. There are numerous SRGMs available in the research literature and in the presence of numerous SRGM, appropriate selection is a staggering task for the software testing professionals. In the software reliability area, researchers have always been interested to select the optimal SRGM to use in a particular situation. In this study, we have developed an integrated technique based on Criteria Importance Through Inter Criteria Correlation (CRITIC) and Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) to select the optimal SRGM. The weights of criteria are obtained by the CRITIC method and SRGMs are ranked by order using TOPSIS method. The working of proposed integrated CRITIC‐TOPSIS approach is illustrated on the two real‐time failure data sets. Furthermore, the methodology validation idea supports the current study by comparing the results obtained with the previous multi‐criteria decision making (MCDM) methodologies namely Additive Ratio Assessment (ARAS). The study revealed that the ranking of SRGMs can be solved effectively using the integration of CRITIC and TOPSIS. The result of this study plays a significant role to take decisions and to evaluate the feasibility of SRGM.
A failure tracing method with hierarchical digraph and meta action for complex electromechanical systems
Authors: Xiao Liming , Huang Guangquan , Zhang Genbao , Zhu Xiao , Jin Chuanxi 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAs an important method for analyzing the failure pervasion mechanism, failure tracing is a powerful tool for locating the failure causes in reliability analysis of complex electromechanical systems (EMS). However, most of the previous studies mainly focus on the failure tracing and identifying of part levels, which are often complicated. Besides, they cannot reflect the product feature that motion determines product function. To fill these gaps, this paper develops a combined dynamic and static failure tracing model based on meta action and hierarchy digraph model. First, the failure propagation directed digraph is constructed based on the structure of the EMS and the interactions of action signals, and the interpretative structural model (ISM) is further applied to obtain the hierarchy failure propagation model based on the directed digraph. Second, the combined dynamic and static failure propagation intensity between meta actions is measured based on the failure propagation probability and edge betweenness, which can effectively extract the crucial pathway and crucial meta actions to facilitate failure tracing. Third, a failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA) method considering the weights of risk elements and experts is proposed to estimate the risks of the crucial meta actions’ failure modes, which can help engineers develop countermeasures for preventing or eliminating failures. Finally, a case study and several comparisons are presented to illustrate the feasibility and benefits of the developed model.
The efficacy of mindfulness‐based stress reduction intervention 3 for post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms in patients with PTSD: A meta‐analysis of four randomized controlled trials
Authors: Liu Qing , Zhu Jian , Zhang Wenjuan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAs one of the most widely used mindfulness‐based psychotherapeutic intervention techniques, mindfulness‐based stress reduction (MBSR) has emerged as an auxiliary or alternative technique for the treatment of post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This study conducted a meta‐analysis of the effect of MBSR on the changes in symptoms in PTSD patients. The final search was conducted on 10 December 2021, and 10 eligible randomized controlled trials were identified, including 768 participants. A quality assessment was conducted. Proportional sensitivity analysis and random effects meta‐analysis were performed, and the 95% confidence interval was calculated. Subgroup analyses were also conducted to identify moderators (e.g., features of population and intervention). Compared with the control condition, MBSR significantly reduced the symptoms of PTSD patients and had a moderately positive effect (g = 0.46, 95% CI: 0.31–0.62, p < 0.001). This was the case in people who suffer from PTSD for different reasons, indicating that MBSR is an effective treatment for PTSD symptoms in PTSD patients. It was feasible to implement MBSR interventions for PTSD patients caused by different reasons.
Patterns and Scaling of Reproductive Output in Paddlefish Polyodon spathula and Its Conservation Implications
Authors: Scarnecchia Dennis L. , Schooley Jason D. , Slominski Aaron , Backes K. Michael , Brown Brandon , Gordon Brent D. , Lim Youngtaik 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe used a large, three‐state data set to investigate if larger female Paddlefish Polyodon spathula reproduce disproportionately more than smaller females. The approach was to assess the relation between fecundity F, expressed as raw egg weight, and fish weight W, in the expression F = aWb. We compared results among three fisheries for Paddlefish harvested in the three states and between two stocks and compared results between total fish weight and total raw egg weight with results across taxa presented in other studies. Paddlefish from all three state‐managed fisheries (Montana, North Dakota, and Oklahoma) showed hyperallometric increases in fecundity, expressed as raw egg weight, with fish weight (i.e., b > 1). For Montana females, hyperallometry was greatest (b = 1.75; n = 8,487), followed by North Dakota (b = 1.61; n = 9,549) and Oklahoma (b = 1.47; n = 14,294). Paddlefish from Montana and North Dakota in general allocated a lower percentage of their total weight to egg weight (asymptotic gonadosomatic index [GSI∞]) than did Oklahoma Paddlefish (Montana: 21.46%; North Dakota: 20.01%; and Oklahoma: 24.22%). The hyperallometric increases in raw egg weight with fish weight reported here depict only one of several conservation benefits associated with maintaining larger and older fish in the populations. Conclusions about weight–fecundity relationships for a particular species should be considered with an adequate understanding of the complete life history and factors which would affect somatic growth versus fecundity tradeoffs.
The PPT$$^2$$ Conjecture Holds for All Choi-Type Maps
Authors: Singh Satvik , Nechita Ion 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe prove that the PPT$$^2$$

2

conjecture holds for linear maps between matrix algebras which are covariant under the action of the diagonal unitary group. Many salient examples, like the Choi-type maps, depolarizing maps, dephasing maps, amplitude damping maps, and mixtures thereof, lie in this class. Our proof relies on a generalization of the matrix-theoretic notion of factor width for pairwise completely positive matrices, and a complete characterization in the case of factor width two.
The compressive response of additively-manufactured hollow truss lattices: an experimental investigation
Authors: Intrigila Claudio , Nodargi Nicola A. , Bisegna Paolo 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe mechanical response of additively-manufactured hollow truss lattices is experimentally investigated under quasi-static compression testing. Exploiting the recent developments in the Fusing Deposition Modelling (FDM) technique, two families of lattices have been fabricated, obtained as tessellation in space of octet-truss and diamond unit cells. Four specimens for each family of lattices have been designed with prescribed relative density, selecting different inner-to-outer radius ratios r/R of their hollow struts. Compression experiments prove that mechanical properties and failure mechanisms of hollow truss lattices are significantly dependent on the r/R ratio. In particular, a shift from quasi-brittle to ductile mechanical response at increasing r/R values has been revealed for the octet-truss lattice, leading to a stable collapse mechanism and increased energy absorption capacity. On the other hand, a more compliant behaviour has been observed in the diamond lattice response, with a monotonic improvement of mechanical properties as a function of the r/R ratio. Such results substantiate the potentialities of additively-manufactured hollow lattice structures as an attractive solution when lightweight, resistant and efficient energy absorption materials are required.
Graphic Abstract
The role of endogenous versus exogenous sources in the exposome of putative genotoxins and consequences for risk assessment
Authors: Rietjens Ivonne M. C. M. , Michael Arand , Bolt Hermann M. , Siméon Bourdoux , Andrea Hartwig , Nils Hinrichsen , Christine Kalisch , Angela Mally , Gloria Pellegrino , Daniel Ribera , Natalie Thatcher , Gerhard Eisenbrand 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe “totality” of the human exposure is conceived to encompass life-associated endogenous and exogenous aggregate exposures. Process-related contaminants (PRCs) are not only formed in foods by heat processing, but also occur endogenously in the organism as physiological components of energy metabolism, potentially also generated by the human microbiome. To arrive at a comprehensive risk assessment, it is necessary to understand the contribution of in vivo background occurrence as compared to the ingestion from exogenous sources. Hence, this review provides an overview of the knowledge on the contribution of endogenous exposure to the overall exposure to putative genotoxic food contaminants, namely ethanol, acetaldehyde, formaldehyde, acrylamide, acrolein, α,β-unsaturated alkenals, glycation compounds, N-nitroso compounds, ethylene oxide, furans, 2- and 3-MCPD, and glycidyl esters. The evidence discussed herein allows to conclude that endogenous formation of some contaminants appears to contribute substantially to the exposome. This is of critical importance for risk assessment in the cases where endogenous exposure is suspected to outweigh the exogenous one (e.g. formaldehyde and acrolein).
Influence of wet extrudates from pumpkin seed proteins on drying, texture, and appearance of dry-cured hybrid sausages
Authors: Ebert Sandra , Jungblut Florence , Herrmann Kurt , Maier Barbara , Terjung Nino , Gibis Monika , Weiss Jochen 
Published: March 2022

AbstractHybrid meat products represent a promising, more sustainable alternative to all-meat formulations. However, differences among plant- and animal-based proteins may alter traditional handling and final product properties. In this study, pork meat was partially replaced with texturized pumpkin seed proteins at 12.5, 25, 37.5, and 50% to obtain dry-cured hybrid meat sausages and their ripening (acidification, drying) during 21 days and final product properties (texture, sensory) were characterized and compared to a control (all-meat formulation). The drying behavior and distribution of moisture and free water of hybrids with extrudate contents of 12.5 and 25% were comparable to the sample made with meat and no significant (p > 0.05) differences in proximate composition were found. In contrast, higher meat replacement levels resulted in distinct changes of compositional and textural attributes i.e. chewiness was decreasing by up to 70%. Results suggested 25% of extrudates as an important threshold in manufacture of hybrid dry-cured sausages due to alterations in their ability to bind or release water. Results may be used to understand the influence of alternative texturized proteins in hybrid formulations and help product developers to understand related process and product relevant changes.
Untreated Surgical Problems Among East African Refugees: A Cluster Randomized, Cross‐Sectional Study
Authors: Enumah Zachary Obinna , Manyama Frank , Yenokyan Gayane , Ngude Hilary , Rafiq Mohamed Yunus , Juma Omar , Stevens Kent , Sakran Joseph V. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectiveThe goal of this study was to estimate the prevalence of surgical conditions among refugees in East Africa.BackgroundSurgery is a foundational aspect to high functioning health care systems. In the wake of the Lancet Commission on Global Surgery, previous research has focused on defining the burden of surgical conditions in low‐ and middle‐income countries. Despite numbering over 80 million people globally, forced migrant populations have often been neglected from this body of research.MethodsWe administered a validated survey using random cluster sampling to determine surgical need among refugees in western Tanzania. Primary outcome was history or presence of a surgical problem. Analysis included descriptive and multivariable logistic regression including an average marginal effects model.ResultsWe analyzed data from 3,574 refugee participants in East Africa. A total of 1,654 participants (46.3%) reported a history or presence of at least one problem that may be surgical in nature. Of those 1,654 participants who did report a problem 1,022 participants (61.8%) reported the problem was still ongoing. Multivariable analysis revealed several factors associated with having a surgical problem (increasing age, occupation, illness within past year).ConclusionTo our knowledge, this is the first and largest population‐based survey in estimating the prevalence of surgical disease among refugees in sub‐Saharan Africa. Our results imply that more than one‐in‐four refugees has an ongoing surgical problem, suggesting over double the burden of surgical need in refugee populations compared to non‐refugee settings.
Copula-based measures of asymmetry between the lower and upper tail probabilities
Authors: Kato Shogo , Yoshiba Toshinao , Eguchi Shinto 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe propose a copula-based measure of asymmetry between the lower and upper tail probabilities of bivariate distributions. The proposed measure has a simple form and possesses some desirable properties as a measure of asymmetry. The limit of the proposed measure as the index goes to the boundary of its domain can be expressed in a simple form under certain conditions on copulas. A sample analogue of the proposed measure for a sample from a copula is presented and its weak convergence to a Gaussian process is shown. Another sample analogue of the presented measure, which is based on a sample from a distribution on$$\mathbb {R}^2$$R2, is given. Simple methods for interval and region estimation are presented. A simulation study is carried out to investigate the performance of the proposed sample analogues and methods for interval estimation. As an example, the presented measure is applied to daily returns of S&P500 and Nikkei225. A trivariate extension of the proposed measure and its sample analogue are briefly discussed.
Studies on safety and efficacy of particles containing a mixture of hydroxyapatite–argentum–titanium oxide (HAT) and sheets coated with HAT particles to be used in masks to improve nasal allergy: II. Cellular, in vivo, and clinical studies
Authors: Okazaki Narumi , Yamaki Dai , Takei Toshio , Shimizu Miyuki , Kamatani Naoyuki , Shindo Takayuki 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose
We report the manufacture of particles containing a mixture of hydroxyapatite–argentum–titanium oxide (HAT), followed by attachment to nonwoven polyester fabrics to produce HAT-coated sheets (HATS) for use in masks. The purpose of the present study was to perform cellular, in vivo, and clinical studies to further examine the safety of HATS for use in masks to improve nasal allergy.

Methods
Reverse mutation tests for HAT were performed using five bacterial strains. A cellular toxicity test was performed using a Chinese hamster cell line incubated with the HATS extracts. Skin reactions after intradermal administration were examined in rabbits. Skin sensitization tests in guinea pigs were performed using the HATS extracts. HAT was administered to the nasal cavity and conjunctival sac of the rabbits. An oral administration study was performed in rats. Finally, a human skin patch test was performed using the HATS.

Results
Reverse mutation tests showed negative results. The cellular toxicity test showed that the HATS extract had moderate cytotoxicity. The intradermal skin reaction and skin sensitization tests were all negative. The administration of HAT to the nasal cavity and intraocular administration showed negative results. No toxicity was observed after oral administration of HAT powder up to a dose of 2000 mg/kg. Finally, the skin patch test result was negative.

Conclusion
Although HAT showed moderate cytotoxicity, in vivo results indicated that HAT is safe because it does not come in direct contact with cells in normal usage, and HATS is safe when used in masks.
Early detection of oral cancer: a key role for dentists?
Authors: Hertrampf Katrin , Jürgensen Martina , Wahl Stefanie , Baumann Eva , Wenz Hans-Jürgen , Wiltfang Jörg , Waldmann Annika 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The majority of suspected malignant changes in the oral mucosa are detected by dentists in private practice. Statements regarding the effectiveness of visual examination of the oral cavity for early detection are not necessarily transferable between different health care systems. Our clinical-epidemiological and methodological aim was thus to conduct a prospective regional study in dental practices under everyday conditions, assess the frequency and type of oral mucosal changes, and evaluate the dental examination methodology.

Methods
A prospective observational study was conducted, combining a feasibility study of early detection of oral cancer and its documentation with phase I ‘modelling’ to conceptualize complex interventions in health services research. Dentists in private practice continuously recruited patients over 6 months and used two different sheets for the documentation of suspicious lesions. Statistical analysis involved descriptive statistics and tests for differences (Welch test) or association (Chi-squared test).

Results
Twenty-five dentists (mean age: 50 years, 24% females) participated in this study. Eleven dentists achieved the overall aim of recruiting 200 patients. Around 4200 patients (mean age: 52 years, 57.5% females) participated. The prevalence of suspicious lesions was 8.5%.

Conclusion
It became apparent that a study in cooperation with dentists in private practice to generate clinical-epidemiological data on the early detection of oral mucosal lesions under everyday conditions can be carried out successfully. Further studies with a corresponding level of evidence should be carried out to be able to draw conclusions about the effectiveness of the early detection measure under everyday practice conditions.