bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Protocol for an observational cohort study investigating biomarkers predicting seizure recurrence following a first unprovoked seizure in adults
Authors: Adan Guleed H , de Bézenac Christophe , Bonnett Laura , Pridgeon Michael , Biswas Shubhabrata , Das Kumar , Richardson Mark P , Laiou Petroula , Keller Simon S , Marson Tony 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionA first unprovoked seizure is a common presentation, reliably identifying those that will have recurrent seizures is a challenge. This study will be the first to explore the combined utility of serum biomarkers, quantitative electroencephalogram (EEG) and quantitative MRI to predict seizure recurrence. This will inform patient stratification for counselling and the inclusion of high-risk patients in clinical trials of disease-modifying agents in early epilepsy.Methods and analysis100 patients with first unprovoked seizure will be recruited from a tertiary neuroscience centre and baseline assessments will include structural MRI, EEG and a blood sample. As part of a nested pilot study, a subset of 40 patients will have advanced MRI sequences performed that are usually reserved for patients with refractory chronic epilepsy. The remaining 60 patients will have standard clinical MRI sequences. Patients will be followed up every 6 months for a 24-month period to assess seizure recurrence. Connectivity and network-based analyses of EEG and MRI data will be carried out and examined in relation to seizure recurrence. Patient outcomes will also be investigated with respect to analysis of high-mobility group box-1 from blood serum samples.Ethics and disseminationThis study was approved by North East—Tyne & Wear South Research Ethics Committee (20/NE/0078) and funded by an Association of British Neurologists and Guarantors of Brain clinical research training fellowship. Findings will be presented at national and international meetings published in peer-reviewed journals.Trial registration numberNIHR Clinical Research Network's (CRN) Central Portfolio Management System (CPMS)—44976.
Developing and testing unconditional cash transfer strategies among young adults with first-episode psychosis in South Africa: a study protocol for a pilot randomised control trial (PRS-FEP trial)
Authors: Mlay Joyce Protas , Jamieson Lise , Ntlantsana Vuyokazi , Naidu Thirusha , Bhengu Busisiwe Siphumelele , Paruk Saeeda , Burns Jonathan K , Chiliza Bonginkosi , Lessells Richard , Tomita Andrew 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionAccess to mental health services is a challenge, especially for young people who are over-represented in the unemployment and poverty index in South Africa. Therefore, continuing care is a problem after hospital discharge for young people with first-episode psychosis (FEP) due to a lack of clinical engagement and follow-up, for which they need support, including financial, to improve their outcomes. This pilot randomised control trial (RCT) aims to assess the feasibility and acceptability of financial support, in the form of an unconditional cash transfer (UCT), among young patients with FEP to prevent relapse.Methods and analysisThis study will use a 1:1 ratio two-arm open-label pilot RCT of 60 young participants (18–29 years) with FEP in remission, who will be recruited from specialised psychiatric facilities in KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa. This study will implement an UCT and assess its feasibility, acceptability and preliminary clinical outcomes (ie, medication adherence, relapse, quality of life, personal and social function). The follow-up time will be 3 months, the outcomes being measured at baseline, months 1 and 3. Descriptive and conventional content analysis will be done for quantitative and qualitative data, respectively.Ethics and disseminationThe study obtained provisional approval from the Biomedical Research Ethics Committee at the University of KwaZulu-Natal(#BREC/00004117/2022). Also is registered on the South African National clinical trial registry (#DOH-27-092022-5894) and approved by the KwaZulu-Natal department of health (#NHRD Ref: KZ_2002209_033). The results from this investigation will be actively disseminated through peer-reviewed journal publications, conference presentations and stakeholder engagement.Trial registration numberDOH-27-092022-5894.
Evaluating a novel, integrative dashboard for health professionals’ performance in managing deteriorating patients:a quality improvement project
Authors: Alhmoud Baneen , Melley Daniel , Khan Nadeem , Bonicci Timothy , Patel Riyaz , Banerjee Amitava 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundThe quality of recording and documentation of deteriorating patient management by health professionals has been challenged during the COVID-19 pandemic. Non-adherence to escalation and documentation guidelines increases risk of serious adverse events. Electronic health record (EHR)-integrated dashboards are auditing tools of patients’ status and clinicians’ performance, but neither the views nor the performance of health professionals have been assessed, relating to management of deteriorating patients.ObjectiveTo develop and evaluate a real-time dashboard of deteriorating patients’ assessment, referral and therapy.SettingsFive academic hospitals in the largest National Health Service (NHS) trust in the UK (Barts Health NHS Trust).InterventionThe dashboard was developed from EHR data to investigate patients with National Early Warning Score (NEWS2)>5, assessment, and escalation of deteriorating patients. We adopted the Plan, Do, Study, Act model and Standards for Quality Improvement Reporting Excellence framework to evaluate the dashboard.DesignMixed methods: (1) virtual, face-to-face, interviews and (2) retrospective descriptive EHR data analysis.ResultsWe interviewed three nurses (two quality and safety and one informatics specialists). Participants perceived the dashboard as a facilitator for auditing NEWS2 recording and escalation of care to improve practice; (2) there is a need for guiding clinicians and adjusting data sources and metrics to enhance the functionality and usability. Data analysis (2019–2022) showed: (1) NEWS2 recording has gradually improved (May 2021–April 2022) from 64% to 83%;(2) referral and assessment completion increased (n: 170–6800 and 23–540, respectively).ConclusionThe dashboard is an effective real-time data-driven method for improving the quality of managing deteriorating patients. Integrating health systems, a wider analysis NEWS2 and escalation of care metrics, and clinicians’ learning digital solutions will enhance functionality and experience to boost its value. There is a need to examine the generalisability of the dashboard through further validation and quality improvement studies.
Prognostic value and tumour microenvironment characteristics of the Glasgow Microenvironment Score in primary triple-negative breast cancer
Authors: Lu Xunxi , Wang Yue , He Mengting , Gou Zongchao 
Published: December 2022

AimsThe Glasgow Microenvironment Score (GMS) reflects the tumour microenvironment (TME) status by combining inflammatory cell infiltration and the tumour-stroma percentage. This study aimed to investigate the prognostic value and TME characteristics of the GMS for patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC).MethodsA total of 123 patients with stage I-III TNBC were enrolled in this study. The association between GMS and clinicopathological characteristics was examined using the Pearson’s χ2test or Fisher’s exact test. Kaplan-Meier plots were used to compare survival among the three GMS groups. Cox regression analyses were conducted to test the HR. Microenvironment Cell Populations-counter algorithm was used to estimate the TME components of each case.ResultsWe found that higher GMS score tended to exhibit the lower nuclear grade (p=0.016), more positive lymph nodes (p=0.014) and later tumour, node, metastases stage (p=0.012). GMS was an independent prognostic factor for disease-free survival in TNBC, and GMS 2 showed the worst prognosis (HR=6.42, p=0.028). GMS 0 was more infiltrated with cytotoxic lymphocytes, including CD8+ T cells (p=0.037) and natural killer cells (p=0.005), while GMS 2 was enriched in more endothelial cells (p=0.014) and fibroblasts (p=0.008).ConclusionOur study suggested that the GMS is a prognostic indicator for patients with TNBC. As an accessible and effective index, the GMS may be a promising tool to help clinicians assess prognostic risk and TME for patients with TNBC.
GTF2Imutation in micronodular thymoma with lymphoid stroma
Authors: Bille Andrea , Fryer Katherine , Wallace Andrew , Nonaka Daisuke 
Published: December 2022

AimsMicronodular thymoma with lymphoid stroma is a rare subtype of thymoma with characteristic clinical and pathological features. Some of the features, such as indolent nature, principally spindle morphology and no significant association to myasthenia gravis, are shared with type A and AB thymoma, which is closely linked toGTF2Imutation. However, not much is known regarding the molecular genetics of this thymoma subtype. In this study, theGTF2Imutation status was investigated in 16 cases of micronodular thymoma.Methods16 micronodular thymomas were retrieved and the GTF2I mutation was tested by Sanger sequencing. The clinicopathological findings were documented.ResultsGTF2I c.1271T>A p.(Leu424His) mutation within exon 15 was detected in 14 out of 16 tumours (87.5%). Two patients died of other causes while all others remained alive with no evidence of recurrence during the follow-up period ranging from 19 to 188 months (median: 100 months).ConclusionsGTF2I mutation status and presence of spindle cell morphology may indicate that type A and AB thymoma, and micronodular thymoma represent a group biologically distinct from type B thymomas, which generally lack this mutation.
Vagus nerve stimulation paired with rehabilitation for motor function, mental health and activities of daily living after stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Gao Yong , Zhu Yi , Lu Xiao , Wang Nannan , Zhu Shizhe , Gong Jianqiu , Wang Tong , Tang Shao-Wen 
Published: December 2022

ObjectiveVagus nerve stimulation (VNS) plus rehabilitation (Rehab) has shown a potential effect on recovery with a stroke. We systematically synthesised studies examining VNS+Rehab for improving motor function, mental health and activities of daily living (ADL) postintervention and at the end of follow-up in patients with a stroke.MethodsThe search was performed in electronic databases EMBASE, Medline, EBSCO, Cochrane Library, PubMed, PsycINFO, CINAHL, CNKI, and WANFANG and three clinical trial registries from inception to February 2022. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) applied VNS+Rehab in stroke were included.ResultsSeven RCTs involving 263 (analysed) participants was included. The effect size of VNS+Rehab over Rehab for motor function was medium postintervention (g=0.432; 95% CI 0.186 to 0.678) and large at the end of follow-up (g=0.840; 95% CI 0.288 to 1.392). No difference was found in the effect of VNS+Rehab over traditional rehabilitation for ADL, mental health or safety outcomes. Subgroup analyses revealed larger effects for patients received taVNS (transcutaneous auricular VNS) devices (at acute/subacute phase of stroke, with lower VNS stimulation frequency or pluses per session, greater VNS on-off time or sessions, higher VNS intervention weekly frequency).ConclusionThe results suggest VNS+Rehab showed better motor function outcomes in patients after stroke, while no better than Rehab on mental health or ADL. Combinations of phase of stroke, specific parameters of VNS and VNS intervention frequency are key modulators of VNS effects.Trial registration numberCRD42022310194
Evaluating the impact of cannabinoids on sleep health and pain in patients with chronic neuropathic pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: McParland Aidan Leonard , Bhatia Anuj , Matelski John , Tian Chenchen , Diep Calvin , Clarke Hance , Kapustin Daniel , Triveda Aditya , Brull Richard , Singh Mandeep 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundChronic neuropathic pain is often debilitating and can have a significant impact on sleep health and quality of life. There is limited information on the impact of cannabinoids on sleep health when treating neuropathic pain.ObjectiveThe objectives of this systematic review and meta-analysis were to determine the effect of cannabinoids on sleep quality, pain intensity, and patient impression of treatment efficacy in patients with neuropathic pain.Evidence reviewNine available medical literature databases were searched for randomized controlled trials comparing synthetic and natural cannabinoids to placebo in patients with neuropathic pain syndromes. Data on validated tools for sleep quality, pain intensity, patients’ global impression of change (PGIC), and incidence of adverse effects of cannabinoids were extracted and synthesized.FindingsOf the 3491 studies screened, eight randomized controlled trials satisfied the inclusion criteria for this review. Analyses were performed using R -4.1.2. using themetaforpackage and are interpreted using alpha=0.05 as the threshold for statistical significance. Validated measures for sleep health were not used in most studies. Meta-analysis of data from six studies showed that cannabinoids were associated with a significant improvement in sleep quality (standardized mean difference (SMD): 0.40; 95% CI: 0.19 to −0.61, 95% prediction interval (PI): −0.12 to 0.88, p-value=0.002, I2=55.26, τ2=0.05, Q-statistic=16.72, GRADE: moderate certainty). Meta-analysis of data from eight studies showed a significant reduction in daily pain scores in the cannabinoid (CB) group (SMD: −0.55, 95% CI:−0.69 to −0.19, 95% PI: −1.51 to 0.39, p=0.003, I2=82.49, τ2=0.20, Q-statistic=47.69, GRADE: moderate certainty). However, sleep health and analgesic benefits were associated with a higher likelihood of experiencing daytime somnolence, nausea, and dizziness.ConclusionsCannabinoids have a role in treating chronic neuropathic pain as evidenced by significant improvements in sleep quality, pain intensity, and PGIC. More research is needed to comprehensively evaluate the impact of cannabinoids on sleep health and analgesic efficacy.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42017074255.
Anyonic topological order in twisted equivariant differential (TED) K-theory
Authors: Sati Hisham , Schreiber Urs 
Published: December 2022

While the classification of noninteracting crystalline topological insulator phases by equivariant K-theory has become widely accepted, its generalization to anyonic interacting phases — hence to phases with topologically ordered ground states supporting topological braid quantum gates — has remained wide open. On the contrary, the success of K-theory with classifying noninteracting phases seems to have tacitly been perceived as precluding a K-theoretic classification of interacting topological order; and instead a mix of other proposals has been explored. However, only K-theory connects closely to the actual physics of valence electrons; and self-consistency demands that any other proposal must connect to K-theory. Here, we provide a detailed argument for the classification of symmetry protected/enhanced [Formula: see text]-anyonic topological order, specifically in interacting 2d semi-metals, by the twisted equivariant differential (TED) K-theory of configuration spaces of points in the complement of nodal points inside the crystal’s Brillouin torus orbi-orientifold. We argue, in particular, that : (1) topological 2d semi-metal phases modulo global mass terms are classified by the flat differential twisted equivariant K-theory of the complement of the nodal points; (2) [Formula: see text]-electron interacting phases are classified by the K-theory of configuration spaces of [Formula: see text] points in the Brillouin torus; (3) the somewhat neglected twisting of equivariant K-theory by “inner local systems” reflects the effective “fictitious” gauge interaction of Chen, Wilczeck, Witten and Halperin (1989), which turns fermions into anyonic quanta; (4) the induced [Formula: see text]-anyonic topological order is reflected in the twisted Chern classes of the interacting valence bundle over configuration space, constituting the hypergeometric integral construction of monodromy braid representations. A tight dictionary relates these arguments to those for classifying defect brane charges in string theory [H. Sati and U. Schreiber, Anyonic defect branes in TED-K-theory, arXiv:2203.11838], which we expect to be the images of momentum-space [Formula: see text]-anyons under a nonperturbative version of the AdS/CMT correspondence.
Techno-economic analysis of coupling wind-powered green hydrogen production with geological storage
Authors: Schwartz Brandon A. , Menefee Anne H. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

The intermittent nature of wind power creates mismatches between electricity supply and demand, limiting its penetration in modern electricity grids. In this study, we explore the techno-economic potential to balance grid loads by coupling wind power generation with hydrogen (H
2
) production and underground storage. For a hypothetical 1 GW electricity market, we compare costs and logistics of wind power with and without coupled H
2
storage in three leading underground storage options: salt caverns, lined rock caverns, and depleted oil and gas reservoirs. We calculate rates of return (ROR) for a 30-year facility lifetime based on 12 320 scenarios that span the full range of project variables, including cavern size, cavern installation costs, cost of hydrolysis, transmission costs, production tax credit, and compression costs. The model is built from the perspective of a hypothetical wind power producer that owns and operates the storage facility and is large enough to sell directly to end users, such that electricity sale prices can be assumed to be in the retail range. The model does not include infrastructure and maintenance costs for a hydrogen transmission network. Therefore, the model is not an optimization of an entire energy system, but rather is optimized for a large entity (a utility) within an energy system under the assumption of constant parameters. The results suggest that coupled H
2
production and storage can increase wind power capacity factors from an average of 0.38 to 0.62 without any loss of wind power generation, or a 40% increase relative to typical capacity factors without H
2
storage. Coupled H
2
storage can also increase a wind farm's ROR from
c.
8% to over 15% over a 30-year project lifetime, where underground storage in salt caverns provides the greatest potential ROR increase. We also consider different project financing scenarios and find that subsidizing H
2
storage is more effective in improving wind power economics than existing production tax credits, which suggests that understanding and reducing underground storage costs has greater potential to expand wind power penetration than measures focused explicitly on incentivizing wind power production itself.
Numerical assessments of the effects of injected air temperature and well configuration on the cycle performance in compressed air energy storage in aquifers
Authors: Yang Lichao , Cai Zuansi , Li Cai , Guo Chaobin , He Qingcheng 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Aquifers have advantages over salt caverns as the vessels for compressed air energy storage due to their wider availability for suitable sites and lower one-off capital investment for construction. We conducted numerical simulations for compressed air energy storage in aquifers (CAESA) to investigate the effects of injected air temperature, the number of injection/production wells and their configurations on cycle performance, based on the data from the Pittsfield CAESA test. The results show that injected air temperature has a negligible effect on the overall energy recovery efficiency, but a higher injected air temperature leads to a higher energy storage capacity. A multiple-injection/production-well arrangement can achieve a larger storage capacity than single-well systems. The distance between the injection/withdrawal wells will affect the storage capacity. This suggests that for a multiple-well CAESA system, a comprehensive modelling study should be used for the optimal system design to achieve the most desirable storage capacity.
Dynamic Evaluation of Flow Unit Based on Reservoir Evolution: A Case Study of Neogene Guantao Ng3 Formation in M Area, Gudao, Bohai Bay Basin
Authors: Liu Ruhao , Sun Yu , Yao Xiutian , Yan Baiquan , Ma Jun , Guo Changchun , Wang Xinrui 
Published: December 2022

To clarify the dynamic evolution characteristics of reservoir flow units during water injection development, the upper member of the Neogene Guantao formation in Block M of Gudao Oilfield is taken as a case study. Based on logging data, water injection profile test data, subwell data, and production performance data, among others, the flow zone index (FZI static) was proposed as the static evaluation parameter of the flow unit. The relationship between cumulative water injection (WT) and FZI change (

△
FZI

) was fitted. Hence, the

△
FZI

caused by water injection is combined with the static parameter of flow unit evaluation (FZI static) as the dynamic parameter of flow unit evaluation (FZI dynamic). The comprehensively evaluated reality of flow units in different periods is characterized by formula

FZI

static

+

△
FZI

=

FZI

dynamic

. The study shows that as the division standard of the flow unit, the FZI has a good correlation with the test results of the water absorption profile, such as water absorption intensity and relative water injection volume. Using the FZI as the static parameter of flow unit evaluation, four types of flow units were divided as follows: type I flow unit,

FZI
≥
4.1

; type II flow unit,

4.1
>
FZI
≥
2.4

; type III flow unit,

2.4
>
FZI
≥
1.7

; type IV flow unit,

1.7
>
FZI

. The reservoir porosity and permeability characteristics of different flow units are highly correlated. Moreover, the relative permeability curve confirms that different flow units have different seepage capacities. Though, comparing characteristic reservoir parameters in different periods, the reservoir’s physical parameters became more conducive to fluid flow with the water injection development. The increase in the same water injection rate for type I and II flow units was greater than that for type III and IV flow units. Furthermore, when type I flow units were continuously distributed in a large area, high water consumption bands were formed, absorbing most of the water injection in the water injection wells. Hence, the waterflood efficiency was low. The change in different flow units was mainly controlled by the injection production well pattern and WT. Combined with the relative change characteristics of interlayer flow units, the changes can be divided into increasing type change and decreasing type changes. Finally, according to the distribution characteristics of different flow units, oil saturation, and water flooding results, strategies for tapping the potential of the remaining oil from three aspects (plane, interlayer, and inner layer) were formulated.