bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors influencing the first thousand days of life
Authors: Capitani E , Lorenzini C , Biuzzi A , Alaimo L , Messina G , Nante N 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
The first 1000 days are crucial for the health of the baby and the well-being of the mother-baby dyad, which forms a single complex organism with its co-metabolism expressed through sophisticated neurobiological, epigenetic and microbiome development mechanisms. This study aims to investigate how much social support can influence the path of pregnancy and motherhood.

Methods
The retrospective observational study was conducted on a sample of mothers enrolled through social networks who were administered a questionnaire from July to September 2021. The questionnaire consisted of 37 questions: 11 analyzed sociodemographic variables, 20 were on current / any previous pregnancies and breastfeeding, and 6 were used to calculate the Maternity Social Support Scale (MSSS-Webster et al.). STATA 14 was used for statistical analysis.

Results
Our sample consisted of 3447 women. 88.0% wanted the pregnancy, and 63.5% planned it. The average of the Maternity Social Support Scale (MSSS) was 23.91 points. A low MSSS score correlates with a higher risk of cessation of breastfeeding before 6 months of age, a higher risk of not having spontaneous labour, a higher risk of cesarean section and a higher risk of not having a spontaneous birth. On the other hand, a higher MSSS total score is a protective factor concerning breastfeeding duration, which is more likely to be longer-lasting (&gt;6 months), to have spontaneous onset labour with a higher probability of spontaneous delivery.

Conclusions
The results showed that most of our sample have good friends who support them, can often count on their family, and receive help from their partner/husband. The outcomes of pregnancy, childbirth and motherhood are strongly influenced and conditioned by the social context in which they occur and the support the woman can receive. The presence or lack of this support can affect the health of newborns.

Key messages
• The first 1,000 days is a vulnerable phase in which parents, institutions and health professionals should create early interventions for the proper development and promotion of good health.
• the outcomes of pregnancy, birth and motherhood are strongly influenced and conditioned by the social context, but especially by the presence or lack of support that can affect the health of newborns.
11.A. Workshop: Leveraging meso-level data to advance population health in Europe: further directions
Authors:   Organised by: Montpellier University Hospital (France),   Chair persons: Gregoire Mercier (France)
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Health services and public health researchers provide timely and critical evidence to answer real-world policy questions and work extensively with policymakers at the macro, meso and micro levels of government. One goal shared by researchers and policymakers is to foster evidence-informed policy and program development to ensure that policy initiatives provide the greatest benefit possible to individuals and society. Among other sources of data, meso-level datasets are usually comprising contextual data aggregated at various geographical areas such as cities, counties, and regions. Although meso-level data are sometimes used as proxies for individual level data, they can also be used to explore complex questions at the population level. This workshop aims to provide a unique, interprofessional, European conversation about how to translate meso-level research evidence into meaningful insights or recommendations. It brings together a group of high-level people from academia, think tanks, and companies who are involved in generating, transferring, or using meso-level evidence to inform public health and health care policy in Germany and France. In the first presentation, Schüttig et al. use district-level data from Germany to suggest that increased spending and improved continuity of care may be effective ways to reduce the rate of potentially avoidable hospitalizations among patients with type 2 diabetes. Then, Mercier et al. analyze department (district)-level data from France to quantify the impact of the population-based prevalence of diabetes and psychiatric conditions, of air pollution, of socio-economic variables, and of meteorological factors on the spread of COVID-19 during the first lockdown. Rodts et al, in a collaboration between a think tank and a small company, use a broad set of district-level variables to classify French ‘departements’ into homogeneous clusters in terms in needs and explore the discrepancies between total health care spending and needs at the population level. Finally, Mâlatre-Lansac et al. build on these studies to discuss how data can be used to inform public health and health care policy making in Europe. In addition, they suggest future directions to improve meso-level data-driven policy at the local, national, and European levels. Beyond methodological points, the discussion will address ethical issues in the use of meso-level data, and how to improve the availability of data, and the ability of local, regional, and national policymakers to use research evidence efficiently. It is designed as a regular workshop with 4 presentations (10 minutes each), ample audience interaction through Q&A after each presentation and one freehand poll in the introduction of each presentation.

Key messages
• Meso-level data can be efficiently leveraged to inform health care policy.
• Further efforts need to be taken to address the information needs of policymakers.
Trans fatty acid intake and risk of type 2 diabetes in the NutriNet-Santé prospective cohort
Authors: Wendeu-Foyet G , Bellicha A , Chajes V , Huybrechts I , Debras C , Srour B , Sellem L , Fezeu L , Deschasaux-Tanguy M , Touvier M 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is one of the most common noncommunicable diseases worldwide, with an increasing prevalence and a considerable global health burden. Substantial evidence has linked consumption of trans fatty acids (TFAs) to an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. However, the effects of T2D remain unclear. We aimed to investigate the associations between different types of TFAs (total, ruminant, industrial and corresponding specific isomers) and risk of T2D in the NutriNet-Santé prospective cohort. Overall, 105,551 participants aged 18 years or older from the French NutriNet-Santé cohort (2009-2021) were included (mean age at baseline=42.7y (SD = 14.6y), 79.2% women). Dietary intake data, including usual TFA intake, were collected using repeated 24-hour dietary records (n = 5.7 [SD = 3.1]). Associations between sex-specific quartiles of dietary intake of TFAs and type 2 diabetes risk were assessed using multivariable Cox proportional hazard models adjusted for known risk factors. A total of 969 incident type 2 diabetes cases occured during follow-up. Total TFAs was associated with higher T2D risk (HRfor quartile 4 versus 1=1.38; 95% CI = 1.11-1.73; Ptrend&lt;0.001). This association, specifically observed for industrial TFAs (HR = 1.45; 95% CI = 1.15-1.83; Ptrend&lt;0.001), was mainly driven by elaidic acid (HR = 1.37; 95% CI = 1.09-1.72; Ptrend&lt;0.001) and linolelaidic acid (HR = 1.29; 95% CI = 1.04-1.58; Ptrend=0.07). In contrast, ruminant trans fatty acids were not significantly associated with the risk of T2D. In this large prospective cohort, higher dietary intakes of total and industrial TFAs were associated with increased T2D risk. These findings support WHO's recommendation to eliminate industrially-produced TFAs from the food supply worldwide. As such, consumers should be advised to limit the consumption of food products containing partially hydrogenated oils (main vector of iTFAs) as this, specifically, may contribute to lower the substantial global burden of T2D.

Key messages
• Higher dietary intakes of total and industrial trans fatty acids were associated with increased type 2 diabetes risk.
• Our findings support WHO’s recommendation to eliminate industrially-produced TFAs from the food supply worldwide.
Anemia in children aged 6 to 59 months attending a quaternary health facility in Maputo, Mozambique
Authors: Maulide Cane R , Keita Y , Varandas L , Craveiro I 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
Globally, anemia prevails as a public health issue, being also a concern in Mozambique, where about two-thirds of children 6-59 months of age are affected by anemia. We carried out this study to estimate anemia prevalence and evaluate structural determinants and hematological parameters association among children aged 6 to 59 months attending pediatric inpatient and outpatient services in a Quaternary Health Facility in Maputo City Province, Mozambique.

Methods
From August 2021 to January 2022, we conducted a cross-sectional study at the ‘Maputo Central Hospital’ where we collected data from 397 inpatients or outpatients who attended pediatric consultations. The cut-off values for anemia were: mild (10g/dL≤Hb≤10.9g/dL), moderate (7g/dL≤Hb≤9.9g/dL), severe (Hb &lt; 7.0g/dL). We used SPSS 28.0 software to perform descriptive analyses and Chi-Square tests.

Results
Our preliminary findings show that the total rate of positive cases was 30.0% moderate anemia (119/397), 23.9% mild anemia (95/397), and 7.3% severe anemia (29/397). Anemia frequencies were higher in male patients unregarding the type (54.2% moderate, 62.1% mild, 67.9% severe). Anemia prevalence was higher among children aged 24-59 months (41.2% moderate, 47.4% mild, 51.7% severe; p &lt; 0.05). The rate of all anemia types was higher in children from rural areas and Maputo City province relative to those from urban areas and other country provinces. The level of education of the child's companion to the consultations was associated with anemia (p ≤ 0,05), with higher rates observed in secondary level education. We observed no association between iron or serum ferritin values to anemia.

Key messages
• Children aged 24-59 months, children from rural areas, and who are male are more vulnerable to suffering anemia than their peers, thus needing more monitoring during their growth.
• Nutritional-anemia-specific interventions targeting the first 1000 days of life may be helpful to its reduction in children.
Childhood trauma, depression, and the risk of incident prediabetes in young adults: findings from the Lifelines Cohort Study
Authors: Deschenes S , Nearchou F , McInerney A , Schmitz N , Nouwen A 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
Childhood trauma and depression have been shown to increase the risk of type 2 diabetes. However, many studies have focused on middle-age and older adults, with less known on the role of these variables in early glucose dysregulation. The goal of the study was to examine childhood trauma, depression, and their interactions, as risk factors for the onset of prediabetes in young adults.

Methods
Data were from the Dutch Lifelines Cohort Study. N = 8,650 adults (61% female) between 18-35 years without prediabetes/diabetes at baseline (2007-2014) were included. Childhood trauma was assessed using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire. Depression was assessed using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Prediabetes at follow-up (2014-2017) was considered by haemoglobin A1c levels between 5.7%-6.4%. Logistic regressions examined associations between depression and childhood trauma with the risk of incident prediabetes. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for unadjusted analyses and analyses adjusted for age, sex, education, ethnicity, body mass index, smoking, and alcohol use (reduced adjusted sample size; n = 7,186) are presented.

Results
244 participants (2.8%) developed prediabetes. In univariate analyses, childhood trauma (OR = 1.02, CI = 1.01-1.03, p=.006) and depression (OR = 2.08, CI = 1.01-4.29, p=.048) predicted incident prediabetes. When childhood trauma subscales were examined, only sexual abuse significantly predicted incident prediabetes. In adjusted analyses, only childhood trauma, specifically sexual abuse, significantly predicted incident prediabetes (OR = 1.06, CI = 1.01-1.12, p=.021). No multiplicative interaction between depression and childhood trauma was found.

Conclusions
Young adults who have experienced childhood trauma, particularly sexual abuse, may be at risk of glucose dysregulation in early adulthood. Early targeted preventive care may help attenuate or halt glucose dysregulation and the development of type 2 diabetes.
Health literacy among migrants in Germany – results of the quantitative cross-sectional HLS-MIG study
Authors: Berens E-M , Klinger J , Carol S , Schaeffer D 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
Health literacy (HL) is considered an important prerequisite for health. HL research often identifies migrants as vulnerable for low HL. However, in-depth data on HL among migrants and its determinants are still scarce, especially in Germany. Therefore, the analysis presents first time data on HL among migrants in Germany, specifically in the domains of health care, disease prevention and health promotion, considering migrant-specific and universal factors, such as social and psychological aspects.

Methods
Around 1.000 first- and second-generation adult migrants from two of the largest migrant groups in Germany, from Turkey and former Soviet Union (FSU), were interviewed face-to-face in German, Turkish or Russian in late summer 2020. HL was measured using the HLS19-Q47 instrument. Bi- and multivariate statistical analyses were conducted.

Results
More than half of the migrants have limited general HL on average. HL in disease prevention and health promotion was lower than in health care. Low social status, financial deprivation, low literacy skills and low self-efficacy were negatively correlated with each HL domain. Social integration, by contrast, goes along with a higher HL. Duration of stay in Germany and country of origin were only partly associated with HL.

Conclusions
Our study goes beyond existing studies by analyzing HL in its domains and including the explanatory power of self-efficacy and social integration for migrants’ HL. Moreover, we reveal that migrants can't generally be considered as vulnerable, as oftentimes outlined. There is need for targeted interventions, e.g. enhancing usability of health information, for the abovementioned subgroups regarding differences in domains.

Key messages
• HL among migrants varies across domains and is only partly linked to migrant-specific features but mainly associated with universal aspects.
• Measures to increase HL should consider differences in domains and address vulnerable subgroups including targeted interventions, respectively.
Exploring the involvement of representatives of migrant groups in health research
Authors: Lampa E , Sarkadi A , Osman F , Tökés A , Johansson N , Warner G 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
Public involvement in research is increasingly utilised, but has been problematised for lack of diversity. Involving representatives from seldom-heard groups, such as the migrant population, has the potential to transform health research for some of Europe's most disadvantaged groups.

Methods
We have explored involvement of migrants in health research projects in Sweden, through a three-year longitudinal qualitative study with migrant contributors involved in a child mental health trial, and a series of behavioural observations of research meetings in several projects with migrant contributors.

Results
The migrant contributors were initially hesitant to trust the researchers. However, through relationship-building and time, mutual trust was established. The contributors gained a social network in each other and the researchers, and their motivation for involvement changed over time, from focussing on individual benefits to societal change. They viewed their role as sharing their experiences, but saw researchers as in control of the final research decisions. Behavioural observations identified barriers to contributors’ access to information in the meetings, such as academic terminology and difficulties in language interpretation. Enabling factors included balancing the presence of experts in the meeting as well as flexibility towards contributors’ needs and initiatives. Additionally, transparency around the research process and providing feedback to the contributors functioned as enablers for involvement.

Conclusions
This longitudinal qualitative inquiry paired with behavioural observations, revealed that when involving migrants as public contributors in research, time and resources should be focused on relationship building, to increase mutual trust and understanding, and careful planning undertaken to make the research process transparent and accessible for the contributors.

Key messages
• Involving migrants in research has great potential – but requires careful planning and consideration.
• Awareness of barriers and enablers can assist researchers in attaining meaningful involvement.
Public knowledge of chronic kidney disease in Portugal: a quantitative approach
Authors: Pedro AR , Avelar FG , Raposo B , Boleu A , Silva S , Henriques S , Martinho H 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has increased progressively worldwide, however evidence on public awareness highlights gaps for a comprehensive public health strategy. This study aims to evaluate public knowledge and possible lack of awareness about CKD in Portugal.

Methods
Cross-sectional study conducted through community based online survey (n = 1209). It was applied the CKD Knowledge Questionnaire and a score was calculated from 24 items categorized in 5 dimensions. Bivariate analyses was performed using one-way ANOVA and independent T-tests, at a 5% significance level, to compare the effect of independent variable and score.

Results
A total of 1209 respondents with mean age 50 years (±15.1), 74.1% of female, 62.6% married or living with a partner, 55,7% at least university level. The mean (SD) public knowledge of CKD score was 14.30 (±3.4). The dimension “Functions of kidneys perform in the body” presented the lowest percentage of correct answers (48.9±19.5) while “Following are commonly used to determine health of the kidney” the highest percentage (71.3±22.4). Results of the bivariate analysis showed significant associations with gender (p &lt; 0,001), marital status (p = 0,019), education (p &lt; 0,001), high blood pressure (p = 0,020), personal history of kidney disease (p &lt; 0,001), familiar history of kidney disease (p &lt; 0,001), access to healthcare (p = 0,049), follow-up with a healthcare professional (p = 0,023), use of urgent care or hospital urgency (p = 0,020) and use of medical specialty appointments (p &lt; 0,001).

Conclusions
People living in Portugal revealed a middle knowledge level. Knowledge higher scores were observed in female, people with higher level of education, with experience imposed by health condition (e.g., risk factors or history disease), and access to health services. Future health education focused on ‘Functions of kidneys perform in the body’ might be an important contribution to increase health literacy about CKD.

Key messages
• Social vulnerabilities may be associated with lower levels of public knowledge of Chronic Kidney Disease.
• The evaluation of population’s knowledge about CKD is an important instrument for public health policy-making.
Diversity competence: what should be prioritised in an online course? An adapted delphi study
Authors: Sorensen J , Michaëlis C , Møller Olsen JM , Krasnik A , Bozorgmehr K , Ziegler S 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
Population diversity is a reality in our societies and requires health systems and health professionals to adapt to the needs of diverse patient groups, including migrants and ethnic minorities. This study aims to investigate topics and methods that should be prioritised in an online course on diversity competence in healthcare delivery to improve health care encounters and provide health services that meet the unique needs of all patients in order to reduce health disparities.

Methods
The study uses an adapted Delphi method including two rounds, combining some open-ended questions with pre-defined items, asking 31 European academic experts and health professionals within the field of migrant health to rate training content and teaching methods. Consensus for training topics was set to 80% and for teaching methods 70%.

Results
The only item reaching 100% consensus as being important or very important to include was ‘health effects of migration (pre-, mid- and post-migration risk factors)’. Other high-scoring items were ‘social determinants of health’ (97%) and ‘discrimination within the healthcare sector’ (also 97%). A general trend was to focus more on reflective practice since almost all items in the reflection section reached consensus. ‘Reflection on own stereotypes and prejudices’ reached the highest consensus in this section (97%).

Conclusions
Experts’ prioritisations of teaching content and methods for diversity training can help the design of short online trainings for health professionals and reduce extensive course content, thereby fostering professional development and enabling diversity competence trainings to be implemented in cases of scarce resources.

Key messages
• Trend toward more focus on ‘diversity’ and less focus on ‘culture, and the inclusion of social determinants of health and awareness of stereotypes and bias in training of health professionals.
• Diversity competence training should use reflective exercises and activities as teaching methods in online training.
Reactive surveillance of suicides during the COVID-19 epidemic in France, 2020- March 2022
Authors: Fouillet A , Martin D , Pontais I , Caserio-Schönemann C , Rey G 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
Mitigation actions during the COVID-19 pandemic, in particular lockdowns and curfews, may impact mental health and suicide in general populations. We aimed to analyse the evolution in suicide deaths from January 2020 to March 2022 in France.

Methods
Using free-text medical causes in death certificates, we built an algorithm, which aimed to identify suicide deaths. We measured its retrospective performances by comparing suicide deaths identified using the algorithm with deaths which had either an ICD10 code for ‘intentional self-harm’ or for ‘external cause of undetermined intent’ as underlying cause. The number of suicide deaths from January 2020 to November 2021 was then compared with the expected number estimated using a generalized additive model. The analysis was stratified by age group and gender. Analysis from December 2021 to March 2022 was conducted using electronic death certificates only.

Results
The free-text algorithm demonstrated high performances. From January 2020 to November 2021, suicide mortality declined during France's three lockdowns, particularly in men, and remained quite comparable with expected values between and after both of the country's lockdowns. Provisional results based on electronic death certificates suggest that suicide mortality remained stable until March 2022.

Conclusions
Monitoring suicide mortality is possible in France with a 4-month delay; this will be reduced to two days when electronic death certification is fully deployed. This study highlighted the absence of an increase in suicide mortality during France's COVID-19 pandemic, and a substantial decline during lockdowns periods, something already observed in other countries. Further studies are required to explain the factors for this decline.

Key messages
• In the absence of reactive coding of medical causes of deaths, the study proposed an approach to reactively identify suicide based on free-text medical causes from death certificates.
• Our findings provide reassurance that the COVID-19 pandemic has not had a negative impact on the general population in terms of suicide in France from March 2020 to September 2021.