bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Petrology and P-T-t Path of Huangyuan Group and Maxianshan Group in the Central Qilian Block, NW China: Implications for Tectonic Evolution of the Proto-Tethys Ocean
Authors: Li Yilong , Xiang Hua , Zheng Jianping , Qiu Huaning , Bai Xiujuan , Brouwer Fraukje M. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe Qilian orogen marks the northern boundary of the Proto-Tethys Ocean and consists of the North Qilian belt, the Central Qilian block and the South Qilian belt. The metamorphic P–T–t path of the Central Qilian block and the tectonothermal processes that affected it are crucial to understanding the closure of the ocean. This paper presents a systematic investigation of the metamorphic P–T–t path of amphibolites from the Precambrian Huangyuan Group and Maxianshan Group in the Central Qilian block. An amphibole 40Ar/39Ar age of 456.7 ± 5.2 Ma from a garnet amphibolite and a 427.8 ± 3.8 Ma muscovite 40Ar/39Ar age from an orthogneiss in the Huangyuan Group, and amphibole and biotite 40Ar/39Ar ages of 408.7 ± 2.2 Ma and 349.9 ± 2.0 Ma from an amphibolite and a 361.4 ± 2.0 Ma biotite 40Ar/39Ar age from an orthogneiss in the Maxianshan Group record cooling stages after peak metamorphism. Phase equilibrium modeling of all amphibolite samples indicates clockwise P–T paths. A garnet amphibolite from the sillimanite zone in the Huangyuan Group recorded peak metamorphic conditions of 5.6–6.6 kbar and 730–770°C, reflecting granulite-facies metamorphism. Peak P–T conditions for a garnet amphibolite from the garnet zone are constrained to 580–600°C and 6–7 kbar. The amphibolite sample from the Maxianshan Group indicates peak P–T conditions of ~5.2 kbar and ~630°C. The Central Qilian block was affected by both southward subduction of the North Qilian Ocean and northward subduction of the South Qilian Ocean, which resulted in paired metamorphic belts along the northern margin of the Central Qilian block and accretion of the Hualong block to its southern margin. The subducted North Qilian oceanic slab detached and the remainder was exhumed at 453–445 Ma, accompanied by the extension and retrograde metamorphism of the overlying crust of Huangyuan Group at 457–428 Ma. Subsequent cooling of the Maxianshan Group indicates that the thermal regime relaxed during post-collisional extension at c. 409–350 Ma between the Hualong block and the Central Qilian block.
Physical Therapy and Mental Health: A Scoping Review
Authors: Heywood Sophie E , Connaughton Joanne , Kinsella Rita , Black Susie , Bicchi Nadia , Setchell Jenny 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectivesCoexistence of mental and physical health conditions is prevalent. To achieve optimal physical therapy outcomes, neither should be treated in isolation. This review aimed to map intersections between physical therapy and mental health.MethodsThis was a scoping review searching MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycInfo, Cochrane, and PEDro databases. Two independent researchers screened studies of physical therapy practice with adolescents/adults with mental health disorders or research using primary mental health outcomes in physical health conditions or clinicians’ perspective. Data were extracted on study type, participants, topics, publication year, and country.ResultsThe search yielded 3633 studies with 135 included. Five studies included adolescents. More than one-half were published since 2015. Studies specific to participants with mental health diagnoses included schizophrenia (n = 12), depressive disorders (n = 8), eating disorders (n = 6), anxiety disorders (n = 4), bipolar disorders (n = 1), somatic disorders (n = 5), and trauma and stressor-related disorders (n = 8) or varied mental health diagnoses (n = 14). Forty-one studies had primary mental health outcomes or clinical practice approaches with a mental health emphasis with participants with physical health conditions (musculoskeletal [n = 13], neurological [n = 7], other [n = 21]). Systematic reviews or randomized controlled trials predominantly involved exercise therapy and/or physical activity. Descriptions of physical therapists as participants (n = 35) included 4 main topics: (1) mental health screening; (2) knowledge, attitudes, and experiences; (3) key practice components; and (4) research priorities.ConclusionPhysical therapy intersects with people experiencing mental health disorders across a broad spectrum of diagnoses, covering a range of interventions with a small but growing evidence base.ImpactExercise and physical activity studies dominated the highest levels of evidence and future focus, although economic evaluations and consumer-driven or patient experience studies are needed. There is a contrast between the confidence and knowledge of specialized physical therapists working within mental health settings and those in general practice settings. Inspiring, integrated education is required to further improve health care outcomes following physical therapy for people with mental health disorders or symptoms.
There is high, and there is low: a qualitative examination of framings of inequality that Chinese people apply
Authors: Østerby-Jørgensen Andreas Michael 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Economic inequality in China has increased significantly over the past four decades, and I examined the cultural resources that Chinese people have deployed to frame this new inequality. Based on 75 interviews with Chinese people, I identified three framings of inequality: The meritocratic framing views inequality as the result of differences in effort, ability or contribution; the developmental framing emphasizes that because everyone is doing materially better than four decades ago, it does not matter that economic inequality has increased; and what I call the difference-order framing, which emphasizes that individuals are born into different families with different levels of resources; therefore, they cannot be equal, which is not unfair. As such, even though China was a much more economically equal society just a few decades ago, available cultural resources enable Chinese people to frame inequality in ways that justify, rather than problematize, the phenomenon.
Effects of adding potassium bicarbonate to diets with high or low crystalline lysine to influence dietary cation–anion difference on finishing pig growth performance
Authors: Royall Rafe Q , Goodband Robert D , Tokach Mike D , DeRouchey Joel M , Woodworth Jason C , Gebhardt Jordan T 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Dietary cation–anion difference (DCAD), calculated as Na+ + K+ – Cl− in mEq/kg of the diet, represents the influence that monovalent cations and anions from these minerals have on the acid–base status of the animal. However, the recommended range of DCAD for optimal grow-finish swine performance is variable, which may indicate an interaction between DCAD and other ingredients. The hypothesis for this study was that the addition of potassium bicarbonate (KHCO3) to increase diet DCAD when high levels of l-Lys HCl (&gt;0.35% diet) are used may potentially improve growth performance. A total of 1,944 pigs (PIC L337 × 1050, initially 35.2 ± 0.85 kg) were used in a 120-d study. Pens of pigs were blocked by BW and randomly allotted to 1 of 4 dietary treatments in a randomized complete block design. Treatments were arranged in a 2 × 2 factorial with main effects of KHCO3 (0% or 0.4%), and l-Lys HCl level (low or high). l-Lys HCl was included between 0.13% and 0.21% in low diets, and between 0.36% and 0.43% in high diets. There were 27 pigs per pen and 18 replicates per treatment. Treatment diets were corn-soybean meal-based and formulated in four dietary phases (35–60 kg, 60–85 kg, 85–105 kg, and 105–130 kg). Dietary treatments were formulated such that in each phase the diet containing a low level of l-Lys HCl without KHCO3 and the diet containing a high level of l-Lys HCl with KHCO3 had similar calculated DCAD values (169–232 mEq/kg). Additionally, the diet with a low level of l-Lys HCl with KHCO3 was formulated to have the highest DCAD in each phase (220–281 mEq/kg), while the diet with a high level of l-Lys HCl without KHCO3 was formulated to have the lowest DCAD (118–182 mEq/kg). Overall, there was no evidence (P &gt; 0.10) for a KHCO3 × l-Lys HCl interaction or main effect for final BW or any observed growth response or carcass characteristics. The results of this study suggest that supplementing KHCO3 to finishing pig diets with either high or low levels of l-Lys HCl and the corresponding changes in DCAD values did not impact growth performance or carcass characteristics.
Prefrontal cortical connectivity and coupling of infraslow oscillation in the resting human brain: a 2-channel broadband NIRS study
Authors: Shahdadian Sadra , Wang Xinlong , Kang Shu , Carter Caroline , Chaudhari Akhil , Liu Hanli 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The resting-state infraslow oscillation (ISO) of the cerebral cortex reflects the neurophysiological state of the human brain. ISO results from distinct vasomotion with endogenic (E), neurogenic (N), and myogenic (M) frequency bands. Quantification of prefrontal ISO in cortical hemodynamics and metabolism in the resting human brain may facilitate the identification of objective features that are characteristic of certain brain disorders. The goal of this study was to explore and quantify the prefrontal ISO of the cortical concentration changes of oxygenated hemoglobin (Δ[HbO]) and redox-state cytochrome c oxidase (Δ[CCO]) as hemodynamic and metabolic activity metrics in all 3 E/N/M bands. Two-channel broadband near-infrared spectroscopy (2-bbNIRS) enabled measurements of the forehead of 26 healthy young participants in a resting state once a week for 5 weeks. After quantifying the ISO spectral amplitude (SA) and coherence at each E/N/M band, several key and statistically reliable metrics were obtained as features: (i) SA of Δ[HbO] at all E/N/M bands, (ii) SA of Δ[CCO] in the M band, (iii) bilateral connectivity of hemodynamics and metabolism across the E and N bands, and (iv) unilateral hemodynamic–metabolic coupling in each of the E and M bands. These features have promising potential to be developed as objective biomarkers for clinical applications in the future.
Brain Complexities and Anesthesia: Their Meaning and Measurement
Authors: Li Duan , Fabus Marco S. , Sleigh Jamie W. 
Published: August 2022

Summary
A complex system is often associated with emergence of new phenomena from the interactions between the system’s components. General anesthesia reduces brain complexity and so inhibits the emergence of consciousness. An understanding of complexity is necessary for the interpretation of brain monitoring algorithms. Complexity indices capture the “difficulty” of understanding brain activity over time and/or space. Complexity–entropy plots reveal the types of complexity indices and their balance of randomness and structure. Lempel–Ziv complexity is a common index of temporal complexity for single-channel electroencephalogram containing both power spectral and nonlinear effects, revealed by phase-randomized surrogate data. Computing spatial complexities involves forming a connectivity matrix and calculating the complexity of connectivity patterns. Spatiotemporal complexity can be estimated in multiple ways including temporal or spatial concatenation, estimation of state switching, or integrated information. This article illustrates the concept and application of various complexities by providing working examples; a website with interactive demonstrations has also been created.
Addition of External Beam Radiation Therapy to Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Patients With Stage IIIC Uterine Endometrioid Carcinoma: Utilization and Outcomes
Authors: Nasioudis Dimitrios , Taunk Neil K. , Ko Emily M. , Haggerty Ashley F. , Cory Lori , Giuntoli Robert L. , Kim Sarah H. , Latif Nawar A. 
Published: August 2022

Objectives:
Evaluate whether the addition of external beam radiation (EBRT) to adjuvant chemotherapy with or without vaginal brachytherapy is associated with better survival for patients with stage IIIC endometrioid endometrial carcinoma.

Materials and Methods:
Patients diagnosed between 2010 and 2015 with apparent early-stage endometrioid adenocarcinoma, without a history of another tumor, who underwent hysterectomy with lymphadenectomy and had positive lymph nodes were identified in the National Cancer Database. Those who received adjuvant chemotherapy (defined as receipt of treatment within 6 mo from surgery) and had at least 1 month of follow-up were selected for further analysis. Overall survival was compared between patients who did and did not receive EBRT within 6 months from surgery with the log-rank test. A Cox model was also constructed to control for confounders.

Results:
A total of 3116 patients were identified; 1458 (46.8%) received chemotherapy without and 1658 (53.2%) with EBRT. Pathologic characteristics (tumor grade, size, endocervical, and lymph-vascular invasion) were comparable between the two groups. Patients who received external beam radiation had better survival compared with those who did not, P=0.001; 5-year overall survival rates were 83.1% and 77.9%, respectively. After controlling for patient age, race, presence of comorbidities, insurance status, tumor size, grade and endocervical invasion, and the presence of lymph-vascular invasion, the addition of EBRT was associated with a survival benefit (HR: 0.75, 95% CI: 0.62, 0.91).

Conclusions:
For patients with endometrioid adenocarcinoma metastatic to the lymph nodes, addition of external beam radiation to adjuvant chemotherapy may be associated with a survival benefit.
Osteoarthritis Risks and Sports: An Evidence-based Systematic Review
Authors: Migliorini Filippo , Maffulli Nicola , Pintore Andrea , Ernst Jeff , Eschweiler Joerg , Hildebrand Frank , Betsch Marcel 
Published: August 2022

Purpose:
Regular sports activities are associated with multiple physical and psychological health benefits. However, sports also may lead to injuries and the development of osteoarthritis (OA). This systematic review investigated the association between sports activity, sports type, and the risk of developing OA.

Methods:
A systematic review was performed by assessing studies that have investigated the risk of OA development in sports. Data extracted included general information, study design, number of participants, related body mass index, sports type, and assessment of OA. The methodological quality of the studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.

Results:
A total of 63 studies were included in this systematic review. The overall Newcastle-Ottawa Scale score was 6.46±1.44 demonstrating a good methodological quality of the articles included in the present study. A total of 628,036 participants were included, with a mean follow-up of 8.0±8.4 years. The mean age of the included athletes was 45.6±15.8, with a mean body mass index of 24.9±2.3 kg/m2.

Conclusion:
Football and soccer players seem to be at higher risk for the development of OA, although the injury status of the joint should be considered when assessing the risk of OA. High equipment weight and increased injury risk also put military personnel at a higher risk of OA, although elite dancing leads to more hip labral tears. Femoroacetabular impingement was also often diagnosed in ice-hockey players and ballet dancers.
Physiopathology of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: from diet to nutrigenomics
Authors: Meneghel Paola , Pinto Elisa , Russo Francesco Paolo 
Published: August 2022

Purpose of review
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common cause of chronic liver disease worldwide and is strongly associated with metabolic disorders, such as obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and metabolic syndrome, to the extent that a new definition of metabolic associated fatty liver disease has been proposed.

Recent findings
Insulin resistance, worsened by a high-fat and high-carbohydrate diet, is the key to the physiopathology of hepatic steatosis. This is driven by several mechanisms that are mostly activated at a genetic level, such as de-novo lipogenesis and triglyceride synthesis. Therefore, many diet regimens have been studied, although significant controversies remain regarding their metabolic effects and long-term sustainability.

Summary
In this review, we summarized the role and effects of the main macronutrients on the development of NAFLD and discussed the molecular mechanisms involved. We also discussed the importance of genetic polymorphisms, epigenetic alterations, and dysbiosis to determine if lifestyle modification and a specific dietary regimen could be an essential part of NAFLD treatment.
Carotid Web as an Embolic Source of Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Kawahara Yuki , Zahra Sayyeda , Isaza Fernando , Yacoub Hussam , Ju Mila 
Published: August 2022

Introduction:
Carotid webs are shelf-like projections of the carotid bulb lumen associated with ipsilateral ischemic stroke in young patients. Given its rarity, a limited number of studies have evaluated the optimal management of symptomatic carotid webs to prevent further ischemic stroke.

Case Report:
A 40-year-old Caucasian man presented with a sudden onset of left-sided facial droop, hemiparesis, and dysarthria. Computed tomography angiography revealed occlusion of the distal M1 and proximal M2 segments of the right middle cerebral artery and a small intimal flap at the right internal carotid artery origin. Intravenous alteplase was administered without clinical improvement. The patient underwent successful mechanical thrombectomy with complete revascularization of the middle cerebral artery and no residual neurologic deficits. Magnetic resonance angiography confirmed a curvilinear, shelf-like projection from the right carotid bulb posterior wall, consistent with a carotid web. The patient underwent carotid endarterectomy with no complications and was discharged home with no residual deficits or recurrence of stroke.

Conclusion:
No randomized, controlled prospective studies have compared the efficacy of endarterectomy to carotid artery stenting in patients with symptomatic carotid web. This case emphasizes the importance of considering carotid web as an embolic source of stroke in the young and provides support for revascularization as a safe and effective mean of secondary stroke prevention.
DBP2Vec: Predicting DNA-binding proteins directly using pre-trained protein language model
Authors: Wei Chao , Ye Zhiwei , Wang Panru , Lan Wuyang 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDNA-binding proteins (DBPs) play a crucial role in numbers of biological processes and have received wide attention in recent years. Meanwhile, the rapid development of sequencing technologies lead to the explosive growth of new protein sequences, it is highly desired to develop a fast and accurate method for DNA-binding proteins prediction. Experimental methods such as chromatin immunoprecipitation on microarray (ChIP-chip) and X-ray crystallography are highly accurate but expensive and time-consuming. To address this issue, many computational methods have been proposed, they usually exploit multiple information about protein sequence, e.g., sequence composition information, physicochemical properties, evolutionary information, structural information, etc. Despite the effectiveness of these approaches, they heavily depend on prior biological knowledge and undergo a very complex process of feature extraction. In view of these shortcomings, here, we present a novel method, named DBP2Vec, to predict DNA-binding proteins directly from pre-trained protein language model (e.g., ESM-1b) which effectively encode biological properties without any prior knowledge by virtue of deep representation learning (e.g., BERT) on large protein sequences databases (e.g., UniParc). Tests on two DBPs benchmark datasets (e.g., PDB296, UniSwiss-Tst) demonstrate that our proposed method significantly outperforms existing state-of-the-art methods. The source code and the datasets used in the paper are publicly available at: https://github.com/hgcwei/DBP2Vec.
The health impact of long COVID during the 2021-2022 Omicron wave in Australia: a quantitative burden of disease study
Authors: Howe Samantha , Szanyi Joshua , Blakely Tony 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundLong COVID symptoms occur for a proportion of acute COVID-19 survivors, with reduced risk among the vaccinated, and for Omicron compared to Delta variant infections. The health loss attributed to pre-Omicron long COVID has previously been estimated using only a few major symptoms.MethodsThe years lived with disability (YLDs) due to long COVID in Australia during the 2021-2022 Omicron BA.1/BA.2 wave were calculated using inputs from previously published case-control, cross-sectional, or cohort studies examining the prevalence and duration of individual long COVID symptoms. This estimated health loss was compared with acute SARS-CoV-2 infection YLDs and years of life lost (YLLs) from SARS-CoV-2. The sum of these three components equals COVID-19 disability-adjusted life years (DALYs); this was compared to DALYs from other diseases.Results5200 (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 2200-8300) YLDs were attributable to long COVID and 1800 (95% UI 1100-2600) to acute SARS-CoV-2 infection, suggesting long COVID caused 74% of the overall YLDs from SARS-CoV-2 infections in the BA.1/BA.2 wave. Total DALYs attributable to SARS-CoV-2 were 50 900 (95% UI 21 000-80 900), 2.4% of expected DALYs for all diseases in the same period.ConclusionThis study provides a comprehensive approach to estimating the morbidity due to long COVID. Improved data on long COVID symptoms will improve the accuracy of these estimates. As data accumulates on SARS-CoV-2 infection sequelae (e.g., increased cardiovascular disease rates), total health loss is likely to be higher than estimated in this study. Nevertheless, this study demonstrates that long COVID requires consideration in pandemic policy planning given it is responsible for the majority of direct SARS-CoV-2 morbidity, including during an Omicron wave in a highly vaccinated population.Key messagesOur study is the first to comprehensively estimate long COVID morbidity using its individual symptoms, during Australia’s 2021-2022 Omicron wave.We show that long COVID contributed to almost three-quarters of the non-fatal health loss resulting from Omicron infections in this period.Long COVID contributes to a substantial proportion of direct COVID-19 morbidity, even in a highly vaccinated population during an Omicron wave. It should therefore be more explicitly considered in future pandemic policymaking.Our method of estimating long COVID morbidity has explicable differences to existing long COVID burden of disease approaches and may provide a more accurate estimate of the morbidity attributable to long COVID.
Neuromodulation by Monoamines is a Bilaterian Innovation
Authors: Goulty Matthew , Botton-Amiot Gaelle , Rosato Ezio , Sprecher Simon , Feuda Roberto 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMonoamines like serotonin, dopamine, and adrenaline/noradrenaline (epinephrine/ norepinephrine) act as neuromodulators that tune the response of the nervous system to the environment with predictable advantages for fitness. For instance, monoamines influence action selection depending on the internal state of the organism, contribute to ‘higher’ cognitive functions like learning and memory formation and modulate fundamental homeostatic needs such as sleep or feeding. Despite their significance and the extensive research in model organisms, the evolutionary origin of the monoaminergic system is uncertain. Here using a phylogenomic approach we study the evolution of the majority of genes involved in the production, modulation, and detection of monoamines. Our analyses suggest that most of the genes of the monoaminergic system originated in the common ancestor of bilaterians. These findings suggest that the monoaminergic synaptic pathway is a bilaterian innovation. We hypothesise that monoaminergic neuromodulation contributed to the diversification and complexification of behaviour and forms found in Bilateria.