bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MONITORING THE CONDITION OF THE HORSES OF THE KOSTANAYBREEDS IN NORTHERN KAZAKHSTAN
Authors: A. B. Amandykova , M. Marszalek , O. S. Safronova , I. M. Brel-Kiselyova 
Published: October 2022

The article provides an analysis of the current state of Kustanay breed of horses in the Northern region of Kazakhstan. More than 100 heads of breeding horses of Kustanay breed were recorded and described, incl. 9 breeders, 44 broodmare and 79 heads of young animals of different ages in three regions of Kazakhstan. 60% of the horse population of chestnut, 40% of bay. The height at the shoulder of the broodmares is 156 cm, the oblique body length is 155 cm, the chest girth is 180 cm, the girth of the metacarpus is 19.5 cm. Studhorses are 150-153 180-20.2 cm, respectively. 38% of studhorses are linear - belong to lines 464 Neon and 494 Fort. Average, measurements are somewhat lower than those of horses recorded in the IV volume of the State Book of breeding horses of Kustanay breed (2009), while they correspond to the standard. The probable reason is the evasion of selection and breeding work in the direction of improving the remote characteristics of the massif - orientation to the so-called “baiga” distances. An increase in the index of stretching was revealed against the background of a decrease in flattening and massiveness, with a stable bone index. The se characteristics contribute to ensuring endurance when used at "baiga" distances, which is confirmed by the performance results presented in the article.
ОТРАБОТКА РЕЖИМОВ ИНАКТИВАЦИИ ШТАММА А/Н3 ВИРУСА ГРИППА ЛОШАДЕЙ
Authors: Ж.М. Батанова , Н.Н. Ахметсадыков , Е.А. Крыкбаев , Г.А. Қанжігіт 
Published: October 2022

Вирус гриппа лошадей является высоко контагиозным респираторным патогеном, который вызывает лихорадку, потерю веса и инфекцию дыхательных путей у лошадей. Вакцинация является основным средством борьбы с гриппом лошадей. Разработка и организация отечественного производства современной высокоэффективной вакцины против данного заболевания из местных изолятов гриппа лошадей, позволит ограничить и контролировать распространение эпизоотии. В работе использовались вирусологические и культуральные методы культивирования, применением общепринятого метода десятикратного титрования по Риду и Менчу, с изучением режимов инактивации формальдегида, ДЭИ и ПЭИ, а также традиционные методы контроля полноты инактивации по наличию и отсутствию цитопатогенного действия, при последовательных пассажах. Выводы исследовательской работы позволяют определить режимы инактивации штамма А/Н3 вируса гриппа лошадей по параметрам концентрации инактиванта в зависимости от времени контакта, что применимо при производстве культуральной вакцины.
V International Penitentiary Forum «Crime, Punishment, Correction»: Results and Prospects
Authors: Щербаков Г.В. , Паршков А.В. , Чудакова С.Н. 
Published: October 2022

В статье рассматриваются итоги V Международного пенитенциарного форума, который после пандемийного перерыва снова прошел в очном формате. Мероприятие было приурочено к проведению в 2021 году в Российской Федерации Года науки и технологий.Авторы подчеркнули, что форум в очередной раз стал удобной площадкой для обсуждения межгосударственных проблем в сфере исполнения уголовных наказаний.В ходе мероприятия были освещены основные направления совершенствования и развития уголовно-исполнительной системы.
The article discusses the holding of the V International Penitentiary Forum, which, after thepandemic break, was again held in face-to-face format. The event this year was timed to coincide with the Yearof Science and Technology in the Russian Federation.The authors emphasized that the forum has once again become a convenient platform for discussinginterstate problems in the field of the execution of criminal sentences.During the event, the main directions of improvement and development of the penal system werehighlighted.
Las duae horae bonae de la mujer. El comentario de Plautius a Persius 2.14
Authors: Del Amo Lozano Milagros 
Published: October 2022

El erudito comentario del humanista Ioannis Baptista Plautius, discípulo de Philippus Beroaldus, que fue editado en Bolonia en 1502, se caracteriza por su extensión y porque aporta bastantes novedades en su explicación del texto de Persio. Analizamos en estas páginas un claro ejemplo de su labor, que da nueva luz a un lugar de Persio.
KLITIKALISASI VERBA BAHASA LAMAHOLOT DIALEK RITAEBANG
Authors: Renoat Emmy 
Published: October 2022

Penelitian ini berisi analisis klitikalisasi verba dalam bahasa Lamaholot dialek Ritaebang. Dalam BLDR terdapat proklitik dan enklitik yang melekat pada verba.Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode obeservasi dan wawancara kemudian data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan metode agih dan metode padan. Pada BLDR, proklitik yang melekat pada verba aksi dapat menggantikan pronominal secara penuh. ketika proklitik melekat pada verba aksi dalam sebuah kalusa maka subjek tidak wajib hadir tetapi kalusa tersebut berteri dalam masyarakat pengguna BLDR. Selain itu, proklitik yang melelakat pada verba aksi juga dapat menjadi jawaban atas pertanyaan ’apa yang dilakukan oleh A?’. Hal yang serupa terjadi juga pada enklitik yang secara tidak langsung berpengaruh tehadap objek. Selain itu, kehadiran enklitik yang melekat pada verba aksi juga dapat menjadi jawaban atas pertanyaan ‘apa yang dilakukan oleh A?’.
Dengan demikian dapat dikatakan bahwa, proklitik maupun enkiltik dalam BLDR hanya melekat pada verba aksi ‘action verb’ dan memeiliki pengaruh dan fungsi yang sama dalam sebuah klausa BLDR.
Application of Qualitative Research in Public Health
Authors: Mallik Sarmila 
Published: October 2022

Qualitative research is a type of scientific research where in depth responses from the people are collected about the research topic. It seeks to understand the research problem or topic from the perspectives of the local population to whom it involves. Qualitative research is effective to collect rich textual information about the values, behaviour, opinions, custom, and social context of a particular population. These methods are also effective in identifying influence of some factors like ethnicity, gender, religion, socioeconomic status, social norms in the research problem, which might not be obvious from survey methods. The purpose of doing qualitative study is to learn about these people, places, events, activities and generate new understanding.1 So we get the answer of â€˜whyâ€™ and â€˜howâ€™ rather than â€˜whatâ€™ or â€˜how manyâ€™ in this type of study. From quantitative survey, we can gather data about how many people are smoking or what the type of smoking is. But qualitative methods help us to interpret why people do not stop smoking even after knowing the harmful effects of smoking or what are the barriers for compliance to dietary restrictions and physical exercise in the treatment of diabetes.
Prevalence of Fluorosis and pattern of Domestic filters use in two Fluoride endemic blocks of West Bengal, India
Authors: Majumdar Kunal Kanti 
Published: October 2022

Fluorosis is an impending public health problem in West Bengal affecting a large number of population, and Birbhum is one of the affected districts with seven affected blocks with increased prevalence of dental, skeletal, and non-skeletal fluorosis. Objective: The present study was conducted to see the extent of fluorosis in two selected affected blocks of Birbhum District of West Bengal and to determine the pattern of usage of domestic filters by the villagers of the above selected endemic villages. Methodology: A total 30 families were selected randomly out of families having past history of taking water from an unsafe source from the two endemic blocks i.e. Rampurhat I and Khoerasol of Birbhum Distric of West Bengal. Out of these 30 families a total 125 family members were selected health survey. A total 60 school children were examined and screened for Dental fluorosis in the above blocks. All these families were supplied domestic filters for removal of fluoride and the pattern of usage of domestic filters by the villagers were also studied. Results: 44.4% and 47.5% of the study population are found to be suffering from Dental fluorosis. Prevalence of manifestations of skeletal fluorosis was found to be 6.6-26.2% in this study. Prevalence of manifestations of non skeletal fluorosis was found to be 25% to 40%. 40 -60% of school children were found to be suffering from Dental fluorosis in the study area. Withdrawal of source(s) identified for fluoride by supplying domestic and community filters along with dietary intervention leads to decreased manifestations of the three types of fluorosis but from the study it was evident that only 20-40% of population were using domestic filters due to lack of awareness regarding health hazards of Fluoride toxicity, lack of maintenance and delay in repair of parts and lack of monitoring and supervision. Conclusion: More extensive studies involving large group of population may be needed in future to measure the impact. Supply of safe water with nutritional interventions based on the above findings may be necessary to combat the problem of fluorosis
Barriers of IUD acceptance: An Appraisal Through Qualitative Research from West Bengal
Authors: Baur Baijayanti , Haldar Anima , Ray Samir Kumar , Dasgupta Urmila , Chatterjee Tutul , Chattopadhyay Sita 
Published: October 2022

Background: Intra-uterine contraceptive device is one of the most commonly used reversible method of contraception worldwide. In West Bengal Cu-T acceptance is decreasing in majority of the districts. Objectives: To determine the underlying factors for low acceptance of IUCD. Methodology: A qualitative study was carried out in Paschim Mednipur and Howrah districts of West Bengal in 2009 by organising seven Focus Group Discussions (FGD) in each district. Three FGDs among beneficiariesâ€™ i. e eligible couples, 3 FGDs among service providers and one FGD among health administrators were undertaken in each district.Results: Beneficiaries experienced complications like bleeding, pain, misplacement etc. Fear of weakness, white discharge, occurrence of cancer existed. Providers highlighted lack of privacy, need for Cu-T re-orientation training, shortage of IEC material and inadequate time spent by doctor for motivation, rumour among clients. Administrators opined that sustenance of Behaviour Change Communication, training of ANMs would be useful.Conclusion: Different rumours& myth in the society responsible for low acceptance of Cu-T may be removed through strengthening the Behaviour Change Communication involving Doctors also.
Spatio-temporal analysis of secondary data for usefulness and utility of Health Management Information System.
Authors: Kumar Dinesh , Bansal Avi Kumar , Mankotia Sanjay , Tripathy Srikant Prasad , Bhardwaj Ashok Kumar 
Published: October 2022

Introduction: Health Management Information System (HMIS) is a coordinated effort to improve the decision making for reorienting health care services to a large populace. Since its adoption and its revitalization its use in primary health care was assessed for usefulness and utility. Methods: Study was carried out at Community Health Centre (CHC), Haroli, Una, Himachal Pradesh. Standardized reporting formats for every month was collated and analyzed at Primary Health Centre (PHC) Level for year 2011, 2012, and 2013. Results: In year 2003 with an average pregnancy registration of 20/1000 population study area exhibited high rate and an increasing trend across all the PHCs. An interesting mismatch was observed when the reported birth rate was 3.2/1000 population in year 2013 which was relatively very low against pregnancy registration. Most of the deliveries have happened at home and have been conducted by the Non-Skill Birth Attendants. Overall and even across all the PHCs, the poor sex ratio (number of females per 1000 males) at birth is reported. Conclusion: Good maternal and child health (MCH) and sex ratio at birth were observed. Computed indicators revealed a mismatch like low birth rate despite the high rate of antenatal registration and care over three years which required to be studied for underlying determinants.
Perception of Medical Freshmen towards Public Health
Authors: Kumar Muthu .T , Chauhan Ramesh Chand , Samuel Abel K , Singh Zile 
Published: October 2022

The current shift of emphasis from curative to preventive medicine makes community-based medical education of utmost importance. Even though only a small proportion of medical graduates will eventually choose public health as their specialty, a thorough knowledge-base established through robust undergraduate training programmes in community medicine is essential for all practicing doctors. Despite this, the importance and significance of public health are often not fully appreciated,1,2 with more emphasis being placed on hospital-based and curative medicine.The Department of Community Medicine at Pondicherry institute of Medical Sciences took the first year medical students to rural health centres as a part of orientation towards community medicine and explained the students about the activities and functions of Rural Health Training Center (RHTC). This was followed by visit to the field practice area of the RHTC. The students were allowed to interact with the village people and were asked to collect details regarding the socio demographic and health status of the individual and family. Following the visit to the village, the students were asked to fill the questionnaire containing details regarding their perception towards public health, Community Medicine and its activities.
Profile of No Scalpel Vasectomy patients in a District of West Bengal, India
Authors: Das Palash , Moulik Alok Kumar , Sarkar Kumaresh Chandra 
Published: October 2022

Background: In relation to family planning issue, birth control is achieved through use of any contraceptive methods. Vasectomy is one of the terminal surgical procedures. Materials and methods: The study was cross-sectional in design. Vasectomised patients attending Post-Partum Unit had been selected in this study. Record review of the respective patients from the admission cum record register was taken. A schedule had been utilized. Data were analyzed manually. Results: The people belonging to Islam religion were 7.88% other than Hinduism. Mean age of the population undergone vasectomy was found 40.1 Â± 8.9 years. Most of the families were found with two children with the range from one child to five children. The most of the clients were illiterate (54.9%). The most of the clients belonged to poor economic class as per Modified B G Prasad scale (55.4%). All were found addicted to tobacco. A sizable number was found with different kinds of addiction combinations (Alcohol, shoe polish, Amrutanjan, valium, phensydil, corex, grilinctus CD). Conclusions: Clients of vasectomy came from poor socio-economic status. These productive people were addicted to substance. Initiation of programme is required to attract the conscious people of middle class for No Scalpel Vasectomy.
Organisation of 44th Annual National Conference of IAPSM at Science City, Kolkata
Authors: Editor Chief 
Published: October 2022

Most important event in this year was the organisation of 44th IAPSM Annual National Conference at Science City Kolkata on 10-120February, 2017. Pre conference CME was also organised on 9th February, 2017.Dedicated work by the member of the organisation made it a grand success. Throughout the year members were involved in various activities. Organisation committee and different Subcommittee had large number meetings to make it a success.The inaugural ceremony was graced by Dr (Mrs).Sashi Panja, Minister of State for Health, and Minister, Women and Child Development, Govt. of West Bengal. Other dignitaries were (Retd) Justice Shyamal Kumar Sen, Dr. Dilip Mahalanobis -a noted paediatrician and public health researcher. The National President and Secretary- General of the Central Body of IASM were also present.The conference was attended by over 950 delegates. During the conference a series of oration/seminar/panel discussion were organized in different halls of the Science city. Scientific papers were presented in the four different award sessions, more than 250 oral papers were presented in the free papers session and more than 300 posters were presented in the different halls during the three days conference. Scientific session were held on topic â€“Sustainable development, HR reform, New Vaccine introduction, Hand Washing, Tuberculosis, Urban Health, National Mental Health Survey, Iodine deficiency disorder etc.Conference was sponsored by National and international organisation and State and central government organisation and Pharmaceutical companies.Pre conference CME was organised on GIS, Newer Vaccine, health Economics and Operational Research in Public Health. On 2nd day of the conference, aâ€ WALK FOR HEALTHâ€ was organized in the morning.During all three days of the conference food was served in the conference venue. On second night gala dinner was organised at Swabhumi. Cultural programme was also organised.
Assessment of knowledge and practice of biomedical waste management among health care personnel in a rural tertiary care hospital of Darjeeling District, West Bengal, India
Authors: Bakshi Rishav , Ghosh Nilanjana , Mukherjee Risheen , Chakraborty Sumanta 
Published: October 2022

Background: Health care generates profuse amount of toxic biomedical wastes, which if not disposed appropriately turns out to be a potential health hazard. Biomedical waste management and handling rules thus are formulated, amended and universally implemented with health staffs playing a pivotal role in its success. This rural tertiary care hospital has wide catchment area, huge patient influx and face challenges unique to its remote settings. Objectives and Methods : The descriptive cross sectional study was conducted in North Bengal Medical College after obtaining ethical clearance among health care professionals of selected wards for one month to determine existing biomedical waste management practices and discern causes for any non-compliance to standard guidelines. Relevant tools and techniques were used and 53 participants pertaining to study criteria could be finally studied. Data was collected and analyzed accordingly. Results: Infrastructural support was inadequate. Knowledge and practice assessed under domains of biomedical waste segregation, use of designated equipment, waste storage before disposal, related trainings and workshops revealed discrepancies. Group D staffs had no training. Health care personnel unanimously agreed to importance of proper biomedical waste management but cited increased workload, inadequate administrative support and trainings as primary reasons for non-adherence. Conclusion: Biomedical waste management is grossly inadequate and gaps exist in knowledge and practice of concerned health care personnel. Addressing the discerned reasons is mandatory.
An epidemiological study of anthropometry and physical activity of mothers as determinants of low birth weight in Wardha, India
Authors: Pisudde PM , Taywade Manish 
Published: October 2022

Introduction: Low Birth Weight(LBW) bring on an impaired growth to infant with its associated risk factors of higher mortality rate, increased morbidity, impaired mental development and risk of chronic diseases in adult hood. LBW babies are likely have developmental delays leading to start school late, dropout from school, complete fewer years of schooling, grow into stunted adult, and suffer from lower productivity and chronic diseases in future life. Prevalence of LBW in India is 22% as reported by NFHS III. Objective: To study the anthropometric and physical determinants of LBW babies in Wardha district,India. Material and Methods: A Case Control study conducted in Government Hospital Wardha, to explore the determinants of LBW. Cases were defined as single live born baby who had birth weight >2500 gms as per WHO. One control was selected for each case from consecutive live birth, who had birth weight >2500 gms in the same hospital. Information was obtained by indepth maternal interview, and medical records. Anthropometric measurement of mother and newborn baby was taken within 48 hrs after birth. Data entered and analysis done in the computer using Epi-Info 6.04. Results: Among various anthropometric and physical determinants of LBW studied, the determinants which found significant were maternal weight less than 40 Kg, gestational weight gain of <6 Kg, maternal BMI <18.5 Kg/m2 and MUAC < 23 cm, previous history of giving birth to LBW babies, maternal anemia, physical activity during pregnancy, less additional calories consumption during pregnancy. Conclusions: Maternal weight, gestational weight, maternal BMI. MUAC, previous history of LBW babies, maternal anemia, physical activity during pregnancy, less additional calories consumption during pregnancy were found significant determinants in present study.
Care Seeking Practices for Chronic Pain and its correlates among Adults: an experience from a Rural Block of West Bengal
Authors: Banerjee Niladri , Basu Rivu , De Rajesh , Mandal Swagata , Biswas Rita ` , Lahiri Saibendu Kumar 
Published: October 2022

Background: Chronic pain, though a most common cause of disability worldwide, is one of the most underestimated health problems throughout the world. With the ageing population and its increasing prevalence, understanding related care seeking practices is key to plan effective interventions. Objectives: To find out the characteristics of chronic pain and to study related and care-seeking practices and the influence of socio-demographic factors among adult chronic pain sufferers in a rural setting. Methods: Data were collected from 697 adults (>18 years) chronic pain (>12 weeks duration) sufferers chosen randomly from all 81 villages of Amdanga block, West Bengal, through a household-based survey in a cross-sectional design. A pre-designed, pre-tested structured questionnaire containing socio-demographic information, Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) was used. During analysis, dimension reduction by Principal Component Analysis was done to derive pain intensity and interference scores. Results: Low back pain and knee pain were first and second most frequent. Major Depressive Syndrome (MDS) was found in 9.04 % [95% CI: 7.95% - 10.13%]. The severity of pain increased with age and decreased with advancing level of education & income. Care-seeking was significantly predicted by MDS (AOR= 0.185), pain intensity (AOR=1.06) & interference (AOR=1.06).Conclusion: Patients tend to seek care more at an advanced severity and more from a private facility. About 1 in 10 persons with chronic pain was seen to suffer from major depression, with which, persons were seen about five times less likely to seek care.