bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of autologous stromal vascular fraction injection in the treatment of androgenic alopecia
Authors: El-Khalawany Mohamed , Rageh Mahmoud A. , Elnokrashy Ibrahim , Ibrahim Shady Mahmoud Attia 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAndrogenic alopecia (AGA) is a common condition associated with loss of terminal hair on the scalp in a specific pattern in both males and females. Management of AGA is usually challenging as the approved therapeutic options are limited. Our aim was to evaluate the efficacy of non-enzymatic stromal vascular fraction (SVF) as a new promising treatment for AGA. From April to December 2021, this prospective study included 30 patients with AGA who were enrolled from the University Hospitals' dermatology outpatient clinics. Patients received a single session of autologous SVF injection and were then followed up for 6 months. There was an increase in hair shaft caliber from 0.037 ± 0.01 mm before treatment with SVF to 0.056 ± 0.02 mm after 6 months of treatment. Also, hair count/cm2 increased from 130.87 ± 14/cm2 to 151.93 ± 22.36/cm2 and terminal to vellus hair ratio increased from 77.06 ± 10.47% to 81.45 ± 11.98% at the end of the study. No significant difference was recorded between male and female groups as regard response to treatment. We concluded that SVF is an effective line of treatment for AGA with significant improvement regarding hair density, hair diameter, global photography, and patient satisfaction.
Platycodin D inhibits the proliferation and migration of hypertrophic scar-derived fibroblasts and promotes apoptosis through a caspase-dependent pathway
Authors: Yu Zhencheng , Li Yun , Fu Rao , Xue Yaxin , Zhao Danyang , Han Dong 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAbnormal fibroblast proliferation and excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition lead to the formation of hypertrophic scars (HSs). However, there is no satisfactory method to inhibit the occurrence and development of HSs. In our study, platycodin D (PD), a natural compound extracted from Platycodon grandiflorus, inhibited HSs formation both in vitro and in vivo. First, qRT-PCR and Western blot were used to confirm PD dose-dependently downregulated the expression of Col I, Col III and α-SMA in human hypertrophic scar-derived fibroblasts (HSFs) (p < 0.05). Second, cck-8, transwell and wound healing assays verified PD suppressed the proliferation (p < 0.05) and migration of HSFs (p < 0.05), and inhibited the differentiation of HSFs into myofibroblasts. Moreover, PD-induced HSFs apoptosis were analyzed by flow cytometry and the apoptosis was activated through a caspase-dependent pathway. The rabbit ear scar model was used to further confirm the inhibitory effect of PD on collagen and α-SMA deposition. Finally, Western blot analysis showed that PD reduced TGF-β RI expression (p < 0.05) and affected matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) protein levels (p < 0.05). In conclusion, our study showed that PD inhibited the proliferation and migration of HSFs by inhibiting fibrosis-related molecules and promoting apoptosis via a caspase-dependent pathway. The TGF-β/Smad pathway also mediated the inhibition of HSFs proliferation and HSFs differentiation into myofibroblasts. Therefore, PD is a potential therapeutic agent for HSs and other fibrotic diseases.
Aggressive migration in acidic pH of a glioblastoma cancer stem cell line in vitro is independent of ASIC and KCa3.1 ion channels, but involves phosphoinositide 3-kinase
Authors: Cortés Franco Klaus-Daniel , Brakmann Ilka C. , Feoktistova Maria , Panayotova-Dimitrova Diana , Gründer Stefan , Tian Yuemin 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The microenvironment of proliferative and aggressive tumours, such as the brain tumour glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), is often acidic, hypoxic, and nutrient deficient. Acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs) are proton-sensitive Na+ channels that have been proposed to play a role in pH sensing and in modulation of cancer cell migration. We previously reported that primary glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs), which grow as multicellular tumour spheroids, express functional ASIC1a and ASIC3, whereas ASIC2a is downregulated in GSCs. Using a 2.5D migration assay, here we report that acidic pH dramatically increased migration of GSCs of the pro-neural subtype. Pharmacological blockade as well as CRISPR-Cas9-mediated gene knock-out of ASIC1a or stable overexpression of ASIC2a, however, revealed that neither ASIC1a nor ASIC3, nor downregulation of ASIC2a, mediated the aggressive migration at acidic pH. Therefore, we tested the role of two other proteins previously implicated in cancer cell migration: the Ca2+-activated K+ channel KCa3.1 (KCNN4) and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). While pharmacological blockade of KCa3.1 did also not affect migration, blockade of PI3K decreased migration at acidic pH to control levels. In summary, our study reveals a strongly enhanced migration of GSCs at acidic pH in vitro and identifies PI3K as an important mediator of this effect.
The infinite-horizon investment–consumption problem for Epstein–Zin stochastic differential utility. I: Foundations
Authors: Herdegen Martin , Hobson David , Jerome Joseph 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe goal of this article is to provide a detailed introduction to infinite-horizon investment–consumption problems for agents with preferences described by Epstein–Zin (EZ) stochastic differential utility (SDU). In the setting of a Black–Scholes–Merton market, we seek to describe all parameter combinations that lead to a well-founded problem in the sense that the problem is not just mathematically well posed, but the solution is also economically meaningful. The key idea is to consider a novel and slightly different description of EZ SDU under which the aggregator has only one sign. This new formulation clearly highlights the necessity for the coefficients of relative risk aversion and of elasticity of intertemporal complementarity (the reciprocal of the coefficient of intertemporal substitution) to lie on the same side of unity.
Local reports of climate change impacts in Sierra Nevada, Spain: sociodemographic and geographical patterns
Authors: García-del-Amo David , Mortyn Peter Graham , Reyes-García Victoria 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
While we know that climate change is having different impacts on various ecosystems and regions of the world, we know less how the perception of such impacts varies within a population. In this study, we examine patterns of individual variation in climate change impacts reports using data from a sample (n = 238) drawn from 33 mountainous municipalities of Sierra Nevada, Spain. Sierra Nevada inhabitants report multiple climate change impacts, being the most frequently reported changes in snowfall and snow cover, abundance of terrestrial fauna, freshwater availability, and extreme temperatures. Reports of climate change impacts vary according to informants’ sociodemographic characteristics and geographical location. People with life-long bonds with the environment and higher connection and dependence upon ecosystem services report more climate change impacts than other informants, as do people with lower level of schooling. We also found that reports of climate change impacts vary according to geographic areas, which reinforces the idea that climate change generates differentiated impacts even at small geographical scales. Understanding intracultural variation in reports of climate change impacts not only gives an enriched picture of the human dimensions of climate change but might also help design more targeted mitigation and adaptation responses.
Better Fiscal Rules for a More Integrated EMU
Authors: Jaillet Pierre , Pfister Christian 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic and the pressure it has created on member states’ public finances have led European authorities to suspend the EU’s fiscal rules. In fact, these rules had long been criticised by academics and had only been abided by exceptionally. Beyond the rules themselves, the lessons one can draw from the past 20 years also give good reason to revise the EU overall coordination framework.
Digitalisierte Präzisionsdüngung und EU-Agrarsubventionen im deutschen Recht: Ökologisch effektive Umsetzung von Farm-to-Fork-Strategie und Umweltvölkerrecht?
Authors: Heyl Katharine , Ekardt Felix , Roos Paula , Garske Beatrice 
Published: December 2022

ZusammenfassungDie ökologisch motivierte Farm-to-Fork-Strategie als Kernstück des europäischen Green
Deals zielt darauf ab, die Lebensmittelproduktion entlang der gesamten Wertschöpfungskette nachhaltig
zu gestalten. Zur Erreichung dieses Ziels soll u.a. die digital basierte Präzisionsdüngung eine
zentrale Rolle spielen. Operationalisiert wird dies in der bundes- und landesrechtlichen Umsetzung des
EU-Agrarsubventionsregimes, der Gemeinsamen Agrarpolitik. Digitale Optionen der Düngung sind zur Erreichung
der Farm-to-Fork-Ziele und der – rechtsverbindlichen – umweltvölkerrechtlichen Ziele des
Paris-Abkommens und der Biodiversitätskonvention jedoch nur geeignet, wenn sie mit einer teils verschärften,
teils neu zu schaffenden EU-Mengensteuerung für fossile Brennstoffe und Tierhaltung insgesamt verbunden
werden, die über die Ziele der EU-Kommission im European Green Deal noch deutlich hinausgehen müsste.
Gelänge dies, würde die Digitalisierung der Landwirtschaft als technische Strategie in Richtung
mehr Umweltschutz gelenkt, statt gar noch zu einer ökologisch kontraproduktiven Intensivierung der
Landnutzung beizutragen.
Selecting a voting method: the case for the Borda count
Authors: Saari Donald G. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractOf importance when selecting a voting method is whether, on a regular basis, its outcomes accurately capture the intent of voters. A surprise is that very few procedures do this. Another desired feature is for a decision approach to assist groups in reaching a consensus (Sect. 5). As described, these goals are satisfied only with the Borda count. Addressing these objectives requires understanding what can go wrong, what causes voting difficulties, and how bad they can be. To avoid technicalities, all of this is illustrated with examples accompanied by references for readers wishing a complete analysis. As shown (Sects. 1–3), most problems reflect a loss of vital information. Understanding this feature assists in showing that the typical description of Arrow’s Theorem, “with three or more alternatives, no voting method is fair,” is not accurate (Sect. 2).
Social Anxiety and Suicidality in Youth: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Leigh Eleanor , Chiu Kenny , Ballard Elizabeth D. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSuicide is a leading cause of death among young people every year. Identifying risk factors provides opportunities to intervene, and social anxiety may represent one such factor. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to review the evidence of associations between social anxiety and suicidality in youth (10–25 years). Embase, PsycInfo, and Medline were searched to identify relevant articles. Meta-analysis was conducted to examine the mean effect sizes of concurrent and prospective associations between social anxiety and three indices of suicidality in adolescents aged 10–25 years. Meta-analyses of 16 studies showed that social anxiety was associated cross-sectionally with suicide attempt (r = 0.10, 95% CI: 0.04, 0.15), suicidal ideation (r = 0.22, 95% CI: 0.02, 0.41), and suicide risk (r = 0.24, 95% CI: 0.05, 0.41), and prospectively at trend level with suicidal ideation (r = 0.62, 95% CI: -0.03, 0.90). An examination of the prospective associations with suicide attempt and risk was not possible due to a lack of studies. Several studies suggested that results could not be solely attributed to depressive symptoms. A high level of heterogeneity was observed in each meta-analysis. Moderation analysis was possible for gender and publication year only; neither was significant. Findings provide further evidence of a link between social anxiety and suicidal thoughts and behaviors in youth but are limited by the small number of studies of mixed quality. This review supports future research into social anxiety symptoms as potential risk factors and treatment targets for suicidal youth.
Synthesis, Characterization, Thermodynamic Analysis and Quantum Chemical Approach of Branched N, N′-bis(p-hydroxybenzoyl)-Based Propanediamine and Triethylenetetramine for Carbon Steel Corrosion Inhibition in Hydrochloric Acid Medium
Authors: Abbas Mohamed A. , Arafa E. I. , Bedair Mahmoud A. , Ismail Amr S. , El-Azabawy Olfat E. , Baker Sharbat A. , Al-Shafey Hussin I. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe influence of branched N, N′-bis(p-hydroxybenzoyl) containing propylenediamine (PDA) and triethylenetetramine (TETA) composites for corrosion inhibition of carbon steel in acidic solution (1 M HCl) was investigated using several quantum chemical, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and potentiodynamic polarization as electrochemical techniques. The investigated molecules were posteriorly characterized by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) while the surfaces of carbon steel test coupons were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. The obtained results revealed that the two amino compounds, N, N′-bis(p-hydroxybenzoyl) propanediamine (N, N′-HBPDA) and N, N′-bis(p-hydroxybenzoyl) triethylenetetramine (N, N′-HBTETA), have significant efficiency toward steel corrosion attack and its inhibition performance was significantly boosted by increasing concentration of di- and tetramine containing inhibitors. The two inhibitors achieved a maximum corrosion inhibition efficiency of 99.1% as indicated from polarization measurements. The isotherm feature of Langmuir adsorption appeared to be proper factor for associating the experimental gains with an applicable mechanism of inhibition process. The free energy ∆Gads was calculated to be − 27.5, 29.1 kJ/mol based on the adsorption isotherm model, indicating physical adsorption on the carbon steel surface. Further, images of the morphological analysis exhibited various features of attack owing to the aggressive medium and the employed concentration of the inhibitor. These synthesized amines supplied many favorable scores in the fabrication of functional mixed-type inhibitors. The computational studies reveal that N, N′-HBPDA and N, N′-HBTETA molecules could absorb via several lone pairs and π clouds, confirming their ability to be good corrosion inhibitors.
Assessing the readability and quality of online information on Bell's palsy
Authors: Raja H , Fitzpatrick N 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the readability and quality of current online information on Bell's palsy.MethodA Google search using the terms ‘Bell's palsy’ and ‘facial palsy’ was performed separately. The first three pages of results were analysed. Readability was assessed using Flesch Reading Ease Score, Flesch–Kincaid Grade Level, the Gunning-Fog Index and the Simple Measure of Gobbledygook. Quality was assessed using the Discern tool. Spearman's correlation between quality and readability was calculated.ResultsA total of 31 websites met the inclusion criteria. The mean Flesch Reading Ease Score, Flesch–Kincaid Grade Level, the Gunning Fox Index and the Simple Measure of Gobbledygook scores were 52.45 (95 per cent confidence interval = 47.01–57.86), 10.50 (95 per cent confidence interval = 9.42–11.58), 12.76 (95 per cent confidence interval = 11.68–13.85) and 9.36 (95 per cent confidence interval = 8.52–10.20), respectively. The average Discern score was 44 (95 per cent confidence interval = 40.88–47.12). A negligible correlation was noted between the Discern and Flesch Reading Ease Score (rs = −0.05, p = 0.80).ConclusionOnline information on Bell's palsy is generally of fair quality but is written above the recommended reading age guidance in the UK.
Rostral-middle locus coeruleus integrity and subjective cognitive decline in early old age
Authors: Bell Tyler Reed , Elman Jeremy A. , Beck Asad , Fennema-Notestine Christine , Gustavson Daniel E. , Hagler Donald J. , Jack Amy J. , Lyons Michael J. , Puckett Olivia K. , Toomey Rosemary , Franz Carol E. , Kremen William S. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectives:Abnormal tau, a hallmark Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathology, may appear in the locus coeruleus (LC) decades before AD symptom onset. Reports of subjective cognitive decline are also often present prior to formal diagnosis. Yet, the relationship between LC structural integrity and subjective cognitive decline has remained unexplored. Here, we aimed to explore these potential associations.Methods:We examined 381 community-dwelling men (mean age = 67.58; SD = 2.62) in the Vietnam Era Twin Study of Aging who underwent LC-sensitive magnetic resonance imaging and completed the Everyday Cognition scale to measure subjective cognitive decline along with their selected informants. Mixed models examined the associations between rostral-middle and caudal LC integrity and subjective cognitive decline after adjusting for depressive symptoms, physical morbidities, and family. Models also adjusted for current objective cognitive performance and objective cognitive decline to explore attenuation.Results:For participant ratings, lower rostral-middle LC contrast to noise ratio (LCCNR) was associated with significantly greater subjective decline in memory, executive function, and visuospatial abilities. For informant ratings, lower rostral-middle LCCNR was associated with significantly greater subjective decline in memory only. Associations remained after adjusting for current objective cognition and objective cognitive decline in respective domains.Conclusions:Lower rostral-middle LC integrity is associated with greater subjective cognitive decline. Although not explained by objective cognitive performance, such a relationship may explain increased AD risk in people with subjective cognitive decline as the LC is an important neural substrate important for higher order cognitive processing, attention, and arousal and one of the first sites of AD pathology.
The Effects of a Single Relaxation Hypnosis Session on Mental Stress in Chronically Stressed Individuals
Authors: Karrasch Sarah , Bongartz Walter , Behnke Alexander , Matits Lynn , Kolassa Iris-Tatjana 
Published: December 2022

Abstract. Background: Chronically stressed people often suffer from anxiety and depressive mood. Hypnosis is a technique that can induce a relaxation response and reduce negative stress symptoms. Objective: This explorative study investigated the impact of a single relaxation hypnosis session on stress-related psychological symptoms. Method: 47 suggestible, stressed individuals (87 % female) were randomized to a hypnosis group ( n = 23, 20-minute hypnosis) or a control group ( n = 24, 20-minute scientific documentary). Before and after the intervention, we assessed perceived stress, negative affect, anxiety, and depressive mood. Results: After the hypnosis intervention, depressive mood ( d = 0.36) and state anxiety ( d = 1.00) decreased, while negative affect remained stable ( d = 0.04). Perceived stress was reduced in both groups. Conclusion: A single relaxation hypnosis session decreased stress-related symptoms in chronically stressed individuals. Our results substantiated the stress-alleviating effects of hypnosis.
Mental health and inclusivity support and education in a UK dental school: a cross-sectional survey
Authors: Lennox Chloe , Pandya Jay-Krishan , Lyttle Ross , Pandya Sohum , Penlington Chris , Bowes Charlotte 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAims To establish the current support and knowledge around mental health and equality, diversity and inclusion at a UK Dental School and make suggestions about improvements.Objectives Conduct a survey of dental undergraduate students at Newcastle Dental School to elicit responsesMethods Bachelor of Dental Surgery and Bachelor of Oral and Dental Health Science students at Newcastle University were invited to participate in this cross-sectional survey via email. Following electronic consent, an electronic questionnaire via an online form builder was distributed via email. Participants were asked questions on experiences and feelings towards wellbeing support, mental health and equality, diversity and inclusion topics, including improvements that could be made.Results In total, 89 students participated. The majority of participants were white, women and heterosexual. Wellbeing support was present and generally accessible. Students were aware of mental health conditions but unsure how to manage them in a clinical setting. Students were generally unaware of barriers to care faced by LGBT+ and racialised minority patients. Students were mainly uncomfortable disclosing personal issues with their personal tutor. Students responded positively to some suggested improvements in support and education surrounding mental health and inclusivity.Conclusion Our study highlighted the areas where Newcastle Dental School continues to provide high levels of support for students but also areas that may require attention through further study and focus groups, with an aim to increase diversity of respondents so that further exploration regarding the intersectionality of identity can be undertaken.
Dysfunctional Sars-CoV-2-M protein-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes in patients recovering from severe COVID-19
Authors: Ogura Hideki , Gohda Jin , Lu Xiuyuan , Yamamoto Mizuki , Takesue Yoshio , Son Aoi , Doi Sadayuki , Matsushita Kazuyuki , Isobe Fumitaka , Fukuda Yoshihiro , Huang Tai-Ping , Ueno Takamasa , Mambo Naomi , Murakami Hiromoto , Kawaguchi Yasushi , Inoue Jun-ichiro , Shirai Kunihiro , Yamasaki Sho , Hirata Jun-Ichi , Ishido Satoshi 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAlthough the importance of virus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) in virus clearance is evident in COVID-19, the characteristics of virus-specific CTLs related to disease severity have not been fully explored. Here we show that the phenotype of virus-specific CTLs against immunoprevalent epitopes in COVID-19 convalescents might differ according to the course of the disease. We establish a cellular screening method that uses artificial antigen presenting cells, expressing HLA-A*24:02, the costimulatory molecule 4-1BBL, SARS-CoV-2 structural proteins S, M, and N and non-structural proteins ORF3a and nsp6/ORF1a. The screen implicates SARS-CoV-2 M protein as a frequent target of IFNγ secreting CD8+ T cells, and identifies M198–206 as an immunoprevalent epitope in our cohort of HLA-A*24:02 positive convalescent COVID-19 patients recovering from mild, moderate and severe disease. Further exploration of M198–206-specific CD8+ T cells with single cell RNA sequencing reveals public TCRs in virus-specific CD8+ T cells, and shows an exhausted phenotype with less differentiated status in cells from the severe group compared to cells from the moderate group. In summary, this study describes a method to identify T cell epitopes, indicate that dysfunction of virus-specific CTLs might be an important determinant of clinical outcomes.