bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of incidence trends of early-onset and late-onset type 2 diabetes in the Asia-Pacific region, 1990-2021: a join point regression analysis based on the global burden of disease study 2021
Authors: Lin Chenying , An Haohua , Lin Jingna , Cao Yuejuan , Yang Zhen 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionThis study evaluated the incidence trends of early-onset (diagnosed at ages 15-39) and late-onset (diagnosed at age 40 and above) type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the Asia-Pacific region, including the World Health Organization (WHO) South-East Asia Region (SEARO) and Western Pacific Region (WPRO), and assessed the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsUsing data from the Global Burden of Diseases Study (GBD) 2021, we analyzed trends in age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) using Join point regression to determine annual percentage change (APC). To assess the pandemic’s impact, we calculated excess incidence for 2020 and 2021 by subtracting predicted ASIR from observed ASIR.ResultsIn recent years, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic, the ASIR for early-onset T2DM in the Asia-Pacific region accelerated significantly. SEARO’s APC rose from 2.24% between 2011-2019 to 5.45% between 2019-2021. Similarly, WPRO’s APC increased from 1.71% between 1999-2017 to 5.01% between 2017-2021. In 2021, the ASIR for early-onset T2DM was 269.6 per 100,000 in WPRO and 248.4 per 100,000 in SEARO. Conversely, late-onset T2DM ASIR growth in SEARO slowed after 2017 (APC 1.92% for 2005-2017 vs. 1.04% for 2017-2021), while WPRO saw a decline (APC 1.06% for 2007-2017 vs. -1.10% for 2017-2021). During the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 and 2021, the observed ASIR of early-onset T2DM in the Asia-Pacific region exceeded historical predictions, showing a positive excess in ASIR.ConclusionsThis study reveals a significant recent increase in early-onset T2DM incidence in the Asia-Pacific region, highlighting the need for targeted public health interventions.
Co-infections exacerbate inflammatory responses in COVID-19 patients, promoting coagulopathy and myocardial injury, leading to increased disease severity
Authors: Chang Xiaoxia , Lai Yanjun , Zhao Yingying , Zhao Jing , Zhang Yunchao , Qian Xiaotao , Zhang Guochao 
Published: February 2025

ObjectivesSevere COVID-19 infection is characterized by excessive inflammatory responses, hypercoagulation, and microvascular dysfunction. However, limited research has investigated the effects of co-infections on these characteristics in COVID-19 patients. This study aims to explore how co-infections influence inflammation, hypercoagulability, and microvascular dysfunction in hospitalized COVID-19 patients, and to assess their impact on disease progression.MethodsThis was a retrospective cohort study involving 630 COVID-19 inpatients who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 RNA at Xi’an Ninth Hospital. The patients were categorized into two groups: a severe group (n = 176) and a mild group (n = 454). Additionally, they were further subdivided into a co-infected (n = 106) group and a non-co-infected group (n=524) based on the presence or absence of co-infections. Clinical characteristics and laboratory findings were analyzed and compared between the groups.ResultsIn the co-infected group, 60 patients (56.6%) were classified as severe cases, and 15 (14.2%) died. By comparison, in the non-co-infected group, 97 patients (18.5%) were severe cases, with 4 (0.8%) deaths. The severity and mortality rates were significantly higher in co-infected patients compared to those non-co-infections. The severe and co-infected groups exhibited significantly higher levels of inflammatory cells, inflammatory factors, coagulation biomarkers, and myocardial injury markers compared to the mild and non-co-infected groups. Conversely, lymphocyte counts, RBC counts, HGB, HCT, TP, and ALB levels were significantly lower in the severe and co-infected groups than in the mild and non-co-infected groups. Furthermore, a notable positive correlation was observed among inflammatory factors, coagulation function, and myocardial injury biomarkers in COVID-19 patients.ConclusionCo-infections in COVID-19 patients can trigger severe inflammatory responses. This excessive inflammation may lead to coagulation disorders and myocardial injury, all of which are key contributors to disease progression and deterioration. Therefore, implementing infection prevention measures to minimize the spread of co-infections among hospitalized COVID-19 patients is crucial.
Molecular dynamics simulation on the heat transfer at liquid-solid interfaces and enhancement mechanism
Authors: Zhang Lihui , Yang Huichuang , Wang Gang , Wang Zhongxu 
Published: February 2025

To investigate the effect of surface roughness on the heat transfer mechanism, a molecular dynamics model of heat transfer between solid and liquid interfaces was established in this paper. The temperature distribution, heat flux, thermal resistance, and number density distribution of water molecules in the interface are calculated and discussed systematically. The effects of energy parameters between solid and liquid, and the roughness level of the wall on the heat transfer performance were analyzed. The results show that as the energy parameter rises from 0.413 to 1.651 kcal/mol, the heat flux increases from 1.5 × 109 to 3.2 × 109 Wm−2, and the thermal resistance at the cold and hot ends of the solid-liquid interface demonstrates a decreasing trend from 18.75 × 10−9 to 2.50 × 10−9 Km2·W−1. It indicates that the interaction between solid and liquid is enhanced, and more water molecules gather near the solid-liquid interface, which promotes energy transfer and thus strengthens the heat transfer between solid and liquid. As the depth of surface roughness varies from 1a to 2.5a, the static contact angle of droplets decreases from 69.06° ± 0.28° to 49.98° ± 0.44°, slightly enhancing the hydrophilicity of the rough wall structure. Thus, compared with the smooth wall, the rough wall structure enables more water molecules to come into contact with the wall, thereby increasing the heat transfer area and consequently enhancing the heat flux and reducing the thermal resistance. With the increase of wall roughness, the cold (hot) thermal resistance further decreases from 19.2 (19.7) × 10−9 to 4.9 (5.0) × 10−9 Km2·W−1.
Scientific landscape and visualization analysis of the link between adenomyosis and infertility from 2000 to 2024
Authors: Yang Qiaomei , Zheng Xinye , Zhong Fuchun , Chen Li , Hong Jingxuan , Liu Xianhua , Jiang Junying 
Published: February 2025

ObjectivesAdenomyosis (AM) is a chronic disorder that significantly impacts women’s health and quality of life worldwide, particularly by causing progressive impairment in fertility. This study aimed to summarize and visualize the literature concerning AM-associated infertility using scientometric analysis.MethodsWe conducted a literature search in the Web of Science™ Core Collection (WoSCC) database for “adenomyosis” and “infertility” as topics from 2000 to 2024. The collected data were organized in Microsoft Office Excel for further analysis. Bibliometric analyses and visualizations were performed using Origin, CiteSpace, VOSviewer, and the Bibliometrix package.ResultsA total of 456 articles were published across 153 journals, reflecting a growing trend in both published and cited articles. The scholars with the highest output were Petraglia F., Chapron C., and Pellicer A., while the Fertility and Sterility were the most publications’ journal. China, the United States, and Italy ranked as the top three countries globally regarding relevant publications worldwide. The 190 keywords in the literature were divided into eight clusters primarily related to pathogenesis, adverse factors affecting pregnancy, treatment methods, diagnostic methods, disease progression, in vitro fertilization (IVF) management, infertility in women, and fertility management. Current hotspots in this field include investigating potential mechanisms of pathogenesis, diagnostic strategies, and improving pregnancy outcomes for patients with AM-associated infertility.ConclusionThis study highlights that infertility is the most significant and complex issue associated with AM. Although chronic disease management strategies, pharmacological treatments, and assisted reproductive technologies (ART) have improved fertility outcomes in women with AM, further clinical translational research is still warranted.
Effect of polyhexamethylene biguanide-coated central venous catheters on bacterial colonization in cancer patients undergoing abdominal surgery: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Dong Jun , Yang Yong , Li Qi , Xu Jia-Xuan , Shen Yan-Fen , Wang Hong-Zhi 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundCentral venous catheters (CVCs) are widely used in critically ill patients, including cancer patients, but are associated with complications such as catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSIs). This study evaluates the effectiveness of polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB)-coated CVCs in reducing catheter-tip bacterial colonization in cancer patients undergoing abdominal surgery.MethodsA prospective, randomized, monocentric clinical trial was conducted at Peking University Cancer Hospital from March 2017 to April 2019. Surgical cancer patients requiring CVCs were randomized into two groups: a PHMB-coated CVC group (Certofix® protect) and a standard CVC group (Certofix®). The primary outcome was catheter tip bacterial colonization, and the secondary outcomes included catheter retention time and hospital length of stay.ResultsA total of 1,185 patients were included in the analysis. The incidence of catheter tip bacterial colonization was 2.5% in the PHMB-coated group and 4.2% in the standard CVC group (p = 0.10). Hospital length of stay was significantly shorter in the PHMB-coated group (p &lt; 0.001). Subgroup analysis showed reduced bacterial colonization in male patients in the PHMB-coated group (p = 0.04).ConclusionPolyhexamethylene biguanide-coated CVCs did not significantly reduce catheter tip bacterial colonization in the overall population but showed a beneficial effect in male cancer patients undergoing abdominal surgery. In clinical practice, it is necessary to consider various factors when selecting the type of catheter.Clinical trial registrationNo. chiCTR-IPR-16010027.
Efficacy of adding mobilization and balance exercises to a home-based exercise program in patients with ankle disability: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Eladl Hadaya Mosaad , Elsherbini Dalia Mahmoud Abdelmonem , Elshorbagy Radwa T. , Ibrahim Ateya Megahed , El-Sherbiny Mohamed , Ibrahim Sherief El-Sayed Abd El-Farrag , Elfayoumi Ghada Ibrahim Fahmi , Aboonq Moutasem Salih , Elbastawisy Yasser M. , Salama Mohamed El-Dosoky Mohamed , Allam Nesma M. 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundAnkle joint fractures account for 10.2% of all fractures. It has been hypothesized that mobilizing the ankle joint is a crucial intervention for improving balance and range of motion (ROM).ObjectiveThe current study explores the impact of incorporating mobilization, balance training, and physical therapy exercises into a home-based program on pain, ROM, health-related quality of life (HRQoL), and peak muscle torque in patients with ankle disability following road traffic accidents (RTAs).MethodsIn this single-blinded, randomized controlled trial, 60 participants with post-RTA ankle disability were randomly assigned to either the experimental group or the control group. The experimental group underwent home-based exercises combined with mobilization, balance training, and physical therapy for 2 months, while the control group followed only a home exercise program. The interventions were then implemented 3 days per week. Pain was evaluated using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), ankle ROM was measured using a universal goniometer, HRQoL was evaluated using the Short Form (SF 36) survey, and peak torque was assessed using the Biodex System isokinetic dynamometer.ResultsSignificant improvements were observed in the experimental group compared to the control group in pain, ROM, HRQoL, and peak muscle torque (p &lt; 0.001). After 8 weeks, the experimental group outcomes for VAS, ROM of ankle dorsiflexion/plantarflexion (DF/PF), peak torque of DF/PF, and HRQoL physical and mental component summaries (PCS and MCS) were 2.55 ± 0.22, 13.02 ± 0.38, 25.06 ± 0.40, 34.12 ± 0.81, 47.46 ± 0.90, 43.15 ± 0.78, and 45.01 ± 0.68, respectively. In contrast, the results of the control group were 5.98 ± 0.31, 6.16 ± 0.28, 14.97 ± 0.35, 26.17 ± 0.90, 41.38 ± 0.94, 33.05 ± 1.10, and 34.52 ± 1.06, respectively.ConclusionIncorporating mobilization and balance exercises into a physical therapy program significantly improves pain, ankle ROM, HRQoL, and muscle torque (DF/PF) in patients with ankle disability following RTAs.Clinical trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT06010706.
The impact of allergic contact dermatitis on the inflammatory response and repair in wound healing process
Authors: Zhang Wei , Xu Jiabao , Qu Songyan , Peng Hui 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundSkin trauma and the subsequent wound healing process present significant challenges for healthcare systems and patients globally. Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) was a delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction that can disrupt the normal wound repair process due to prolonged inflammation and immune dysregulation. However, the specific impact of ACD on the inflammatory response and repair in wound healing remains incompletely understood. This study aimed to investigate the influence of ACD on the inflammatory response and repair during the wound healing process.MethodsThis study was a retrospective cohort study. A total of 120 patients with skin trauma treated at Henan Provincial People’s Hospital from January 2023 to December 2023 were included. There were 69 cases of control and 51 cases of ACD. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were defined, and various indicators, including patient data, inflammatory factors, cell detection, and wound healing assessment, were measured and analyzed using appropriate statistical methods.ResultsThe study revealed significant differences between the control and ACD groups. ACD was associated with higher levels of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, C-reactive protein, and IL-8 compared to control (p &lt; 0.05). Additionally, ACD group exhibited increased counts of macrophages, neutrophils, T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, and mast cells compared to the control group (p &lt; 0.05). Moreover, ACD was linked to delayed wound closure time and differences in the distribution of healing degrees (p &lt; 0.05). Correlation analysis indicated significant associations among ACD, inflammatory markers, cellular responses, wound closure time, and healing degree (p &lt; 0.05).ConclusionThe study demonstrates that ACD exerts a substantial impact on the inflammatory response, cellular components, and wound healing parameters in the context of skin trauma. The heightened levels of inflammatory markers, altered cellular responses, and delayed wound closure observed in ACD patients underscore the need for targeted interventions tailored to optimize wound repair in this population.
Ayahuasca partially preserves striatal integrity in juvenile non-human primates exposed to chronic stress: evidence from stereological evaluation
Authors: de Lira-Bandeira Wigínio Gabriel , de Mendonça Batista Lílian Andrade Carlos , de Medeiros Bandeira Andréa Silva , de Góis Morais Paulo Leonardo Araújo , Pereira Luiz Roberto Fernandes , de Meiroz Grilo Maria Lara Porpino , Cavalcante Jeferson Souza , de Santana Melquisedec Abiaré Dantas , de Lima Ruthnaldo Rodrigues Melo , Galvão-Coelho Nicole Leite , Ladd Fernando Vagner Lobo , do Nascimento Expedito Silva 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionThe striatum (St) integrates cognitive, motor, and limbic functions and plays a critical role in processing emotions, motivation, and rewards. It may undergo several morphophysiological changes in neuropsychiatric diseases. Depression, a complex psychiatric disorder, affects millions of people around the world and leads to an increased risk of suicide, decreased quality of life, and functional impairment. Conventional treatments require prolonged use, leading to drug resistance; thus, new treatments and therapeutic strategies have been widely studied. Ayahuasca results from the joint infusion of the Banisteriopsis caapi vine and Psychotria viridis leaves have psychoactive properties, and its use in depression has shown promising results. Our objective was to morphoquantitatively evaluate the effects of ayahuasca on the St in an already validated model of juvenile depression induced in a non-human primate.MethodsSix marmosets were divided into three groups of two animals each. One group was kept in family life (FG), and two groups were socially isolated (IG). Isolation was carried out by separating the animal from all others in the colony. One of the isolated groups received doses of ayahuasca tea (AG) 3 days before and two times during the isolation period, while the other groups received the same dose of placebo. After 13 weeks of experimentation, euthanasia, and transcardiac perfusion were performed. The brains were sectioned and stained with thionin using the Nissl method. We employed stereological techniques to assess the striatum and investigate potential alterations in neuronal volume in socially isolated animals treated with ayahuasca. Equidistant sections of the caudate and putamen were analyzed for all measurements and selected by systematic and uniform sampling.Results and discussionStriatal neurons in the IG group exhibited significantly smaller volumes compared to those in the FG and AG groups. Our findings suggest that ayahuasca may prevent extensive neuronal volume loss, as observed in the IG, by acting as a prophylactic agent and buffering neural structural changes during chronical social isolation.
A signature combining brain functional connectivity with executive and motor function for general cognitive decline in Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Wang Jin , Shu Zhilin , Wang Yue , Lu Jiewei , Zhang Xinyuan , Cheng Yuanyuan , Yu Yang , Han Jianda , Zhu Zhizhong , Yu Ningbo , Wu Jialing 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionCognitive decline is common in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Reliance on neuropsychological testing alone can lead to delayed identification, and an objective and comprehensive approach is needed in clinical practice. We assessed brain functional connectivity during PD-MCI (mild cognitive impairment) and PD-NC (normal cognition) patients, and healthy controls (HC) completing the Stroop color-word test (SCWT) using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), and explored the predictive value of combining relevant brain function and behavioral information for general cognitive decline in PD.MethodsNineteen patients with PD-MCI, 21 with PD-NC and 33 age-matched HC were recruited. Group differences in executive performance and prefrontal functional connectivity were analyzed. Receiver operating characteristic analysis was used to measure the value of combining brain functional connectivity with executive and motor function in predicting PD-MCI.ResultsDuring the color-word incongruent test, PD-MCI patients had significantly lower correct rate than HC and PD-NC patients. Meanwhile, PD-MCI patients exhibited significantly increased regional strength of the left and right prefrontal cortex (RSl, RSr), and global efficiency than HC, and compared with PD-NC, PD-MCI patients showed significantly higher RSr. For PD patients, MMSE score and correct rate during the color-word incongruent test were negatively associated with the RSr after adjusting for education level and age. After combined the RSr, correct rate and MDS-UPDRS III score, diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of PD-MCI reached 0.737 and 0.810, respectively, with an area under the curve of 0.830.ConclusionWe proposed a signature combining brain functional connectivity with executive and motor function for general cognitive decline in PD, which could provide new insights into early detection and intervention of this problem.
Wearable sensors and machine learning fusion-based fall risk prediction in covert cerebral small vessel disease
Authors: Zhou Yuanyuan , Zhang Dingwen , Ji Yingxiao , Bu Shuohan , Hu Xinzhu , Zhao Congying , Lv Zhou , Li Litao 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundFall risk prediction is crucial for preventing falls in patients with cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD), especially for those with gait disturbances. However, research in this area is limited, particularly in the early, asymptomatic phase. Wearable sensors offer an objective method for gait assessment. This study integrating wearable sensors and machine learning, aimed to predict fall risk in patients with covert CSVD.MethodsWe employed soft robotic exoskeleton (SRE) to acquire gait characteristics and surface electromyography (sEMG) system to collect sEMG features, constructing three datasets: gait-only, sEMG-only, and their combination. Using Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random Forest (RF), Gradient Boosting Decision Tree (GBDT), and Neural Network (NN) algorithms, we developed twelve predictive models. Furthermore, we integrated the selected baseline data and imaging markers with the three original datasets to create three new integrated datasets, and constructed another twelve optimized predictive models using the same methods. A total of 117 participants were enrolled in the study.ResultsOf the 28 features, ANOVA identified 10 significant indicators. The Gait &amp; sEMG integration dataset, analyzed using the SVM algorithm, demonstrated superior performance compared to other models. This model exhibited an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.986, along with a sensitivity of 0.909 and a specificity of0.923, reflecting its robust discriminatory capability.ConclusionThis study highlights the essential role of gait characteristics, electromyographic features, baseline data, and imaging markers in predicting fall risk. It also successfully developed an SVM-based model integrating these features. This model offers a valuable tool for early detection of fall risk in CSVD patients, potentially enhancing clinical decision-making and prognosis.