bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long-Term Outcomes of Revisional Malabsorptive Bariatric Surgery: Do the Benefits Outweigh the Risk?
Authors: Lourensz Kaleb , Himantoko Irsa , Shaw Kalai , Laurie Cheryl , Becroft Louise , Forrest Edward , Nottle Peter , Fineberg Daniel , Burton Paul , Brown Wendy 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate the long-term outcomes of revisional malabsorptive bariatric surgery.

Materials and Methods
Malabsorptive bariatric procedures are increasingly performed in the revisional setting. We collated and analysed prospectively recorded data for all patients who underwent a revisional Biliopancreatic diversion + / − duodenal switch (BPD + / − DS) over a 17-year period.

Results
We identified 102 patients who underwent a revisional BPD + / − DS. Median follow-up was 7 years (range 1–17). There were 21 (20.6%) patients permanently lost to follow-up at a median of 5 years postoperatively. Mean total weight loss since the revisional procedure of 22.7% (SD 13.4), 20.1% (SD 10.5) and 17.6% (SD 5.5) was recorded at 5, 10 and 15 years respectively. At the time of revisional surgery, 23 (22.5%) patients had diabetes and 16 (15.7%) had hypercholesterolaemia with remission of these occurring in 20 (87%) and 7 (44%) patients respectively. Nutritional deficiencies occurred in 82 (80.4%) patients, with 10 (9.8%) patients having severe deficiencies requiring periods of parenteral nutrition. Seven (6.9%) patients required limb lengthening or reversal procedures. There were 16 (15.7%) patients who experienced a complication within 30 days, including 3 (2.9%) anastomotic leaks. Surgery was required in 42 (41.2%) patients for late complications.

Conclusion
Revisional malabsorptive bariatric surgery induces significant long-term weight loss and comorbidity resolution. High rates of temporary and permanent attrition from follow-up are of major concern, given the high prevalence of nutritional deficiencies. These data question the long-term safety of malabsorptive bariatric procedures due to the inability to ensure compliance with nutritional supplementation and long-term follow-up requirements.

Graphical abstract

Key points
• Revisional bariatric surgery workload is increasing
• Revisional malabsorptive surgery is efficacious for weight loss and comorbidity resolution
• Revisional malabsorptive surgery is associated with high rates of nutritional deficiencies
• Attrition from follow-up in this specific cohort of patients is of particular concern due to the risk of undiagnosed and untreated nutritional deficiencies
Epidemiology of Asymptomatic Pre-heart Failure: a Systematic Review
Authors: Bergamasco Aurore , Luyet-Déruaz Anouk , Gollop Nicholas D. , Moride Yola , Qiao Qing 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose of Review
To quantify the prevalence of asymptomatic pre-heart failure (pre-HF), progression to more severe stages, and associated mortality.

Recent Findings
A systematic review was conducted between 01 January 2010 and 12 March 2020 (PROSPERO: CRD42020176141). Data of interest included prevalence, disease progression, and mortality rates. In total, 1030 sources were identified, of which, 12 reported on pre-HF (using the ACC/AHA definition for stage B HF) and were eligible. Prevalence estimates of pre-HF ranged from 11 to 42.7% (10 sources) with higher estimates found in the elderly, in patients with hypertension, and in men. Three studies reported on disease progression with follow-up ranging from 13 months to 7 years. The incidence of symptomatic HF (HF/advanced HF) ranged from 0.63 to 9.8%, and all-cause mortality from 1.6 to 5.4%.

Summary
Further research is required to investigate whether early detection and intervention can slow or stop the progression from asymptomatic to symptomatic HF.
COVID-19 as an effect modifier of the relationship between age and in-hospital survival in older patients admitted to an Italian Emergency Department
Authors: Zucchelli Alberto , Sepe Catello , Tarozzi Luca , Garelli Anna , Benedusi Francesca , Pignataro Samuele , Paolillo Ciro , Marengoni Alessandra 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic modified how persons got into contact with emergency services, particularly during the first wave.

Aim
The aim is to describe the characteristics of older persons with and without COVID-19 visiting the Emergency Department of a tertiary hospital and to investigate the impact of age on in-hospital survival in the two groups.

Methods
Patients older than 70 years were followed-up till discharge or in-hospital death. Cox regression models stratified by COVID-19 diagnosis were used to investigate survival.

Results
Out of 896 patients, 36.7% had COVID-19. Those without COVID-19 were older and affected by a higher number of chronic conditions but exhibited lower mortality (10.5 vs 48.1%). After the adjustment, age was associated with mortality only among those with COVID-19.

Discussion
COVID-19 modified the relationship between older age and in-hospital survival: whether this finding is explained by other biological vulnerabilities or by a selection of treatments based on age should be further investigated.
The Level of Anatomical Knowledge, Hard to Establish: a Systematic Narrative Review
Authors: Koppes Dorothea Maria , Triepels Charlotte Petronella Robertus , Notten Kim Josephina Bernadette , Smeets Carlijn Franscisca Anna , Kruitwagen Rutgerus Franciscus Petrus Maria , Van Gorp Toon , Scheele Fedde , Van Kuijk Sander Martijn Job 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Objective
This literature review aimed to gain more insight into the level of anatomical knowledge based on published measurements among medical students, residents, fellows, and specialists.

Methods
We performed an extensive literature search in three online databases: Medline (using PubMed), Web of Science, and Education Resources Information Centre (ERIC).

Results
A total of 30 relevant studies were found. In these studies, participants took different anatomy tests, and their mean/median scaled scores range from 22.5 to 82.4% on a 0 to 100% scale.

Conclusion
This review provides an overview of what is known about measured anatomical knowledge. After critically reviewing the literature, we have to conclude that the existing literature confirms that anatomical knowledge is hard to establish, mainly due to the lack of standardisation.
Further research should focus on ways to define and assess ‘desired anatomical knowledge’ in different contexts. In a next phase, we can discuss if anatomical knowledge is lacking and if interventions are needed.
Analysis of the quality of remote working experience: a speech-based approach
Authors: Porcu Simone , Floris Alessandro , Atzori Luigi 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe current pandemic situation has led to an extraordinary increase in remote working activities all over the world. In this paper, we conducted a research study with the aim to investigate the Quality of Remote Working Experience (QRWE) of workers when conducting remote working activities and to analyse its correlation with implicit emotion responses estimated from the speech of video-calls or discussions with people in the same room. We implemented a system that captures the audio when the worker is talking and extracts and stores several speech features. A subjective assessment has been conducted, using this tool, which involved 12 people that were asked to provide feedback on the QRWE and assess their sentiment polarity during their daily remote working hours. ANOVA results suggest that speech features may be potentially observed to infer the QRWE and the sentiment polarity of the speaker. Indeed, we have also found that the perceived QRWE and polarity are strongly related.
The regulatory effects of lactic acid on neuropsychiatric disorders
Authors: Chen Xueyi , Zhang Yangdong , Wang Haiyang , Liu Lanxiang , Li Wenwen , Xie Peng 
Published: March 2022

AbstractLactic acid is produced mainly in astrocytes in the brain and serves as a substance that supplies energy to neurons. In recent years, numerous studies identified the potential effects of lactic acid on the central nervous system and demonstrated its role in regulating brain function as an energy metabolism substrate or cellular signaling molecule. Both deficiency and accumulation of lactic acid cause neurological dysfunction, which further lead to the development of neuropsychiatric disorders, such as Major depressive disorder, Schizophrenia, Alzheimer’s disease, and Multiple sclerosis. Although an association between lactic acid and neuropsychiatric disorders was reported in previous research, the underlying pathogenic mechanisms remain unclear. Therefore, an in-depth understanding of the molecular mechanisms by which lactic acid regulates brain function is of significance for the early diagnosis and prevention of neuropsychiatric disorders. In this review, we summarize evidence that is focused on the potential mechanisms of lactic acid as a signaling molecule involved in the pathogenesis of neuropsychiatric disorders and propose a new mechanism by which lactic acid regulates brain function and disease through the microbiota–gut–brain axis to offer new insight into the prevention and treatment of neuropsychiatric diseases.
TRADE COUNTERMEASURES FOR BREACHES OF INTERNATIONAL LAW OUTSIDE THE WTO
Authors: Azaria Danae 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis article challenges the widely held view that WTO Members are not permitted to impose trade restrictions on other WTO Members in the form of countermeasures for breaches of international law. It cautions that this generally held view has wider implications for international law and multilateralism because countermeasures are a significant means of enforcing and preserving the normative integrity of international obligations outside the WTO, includingerga omnesanderga omnes partesobligations. Arguments supporting their ‘displacement’ must be based on clear evidence, which this article shows to be lacking. This article also attempts to allay the (understandable but perhaps exaggerated) concern that such countermeasures might undermine the predictability of the WTO system. Trade countermeasures for breaches of extra-WTO obligations are subject to stringent conditions under customary international law and to judicial scrutiny by means of WTO adjudication, both of which minimise the space for abuse and the risk of unpredictability.
Sea turtle strandings along a semiarid coast in the western equatorial Atlantic
Authors: Perazo Zaíra M. , Monteiro Cibele C. , Agostinho Karoline Fernanda Ferreira , Carvalho Vitor L. , Pereira Letícia G. , de Oliveira Cinthya L. , Vieira Faria Vicente 
Published: March 2022

AbstractFor decades, the Brazilian north-east coast has been a recognized feeding area for five sea turtle species. However, it still lacks information about stranding patterns. A decade of a beach monitoring programme (from 2010–2019) provided information on the composition, abundance and spatio-temporal distribution of stranded sea turtle species along a semiarid coast in the western equatorial Atlantic. A total of 905 individuals of four species were recorded in a route of ~130 km. The most stranded group was the juvenile green turtles (Chelonia mydas), followed by Lepidochelys olivacea, Eretmochelys imbricata and Caretta caretta. The strandings present a seasonal and geographic pattern, and therefore any conservation measure to be implemented must consider these patterns. Also, the possible occurrence of fibropapillomatosis tumours calls for additional studies to understand its causes. Lastly, stranded sea turtles eventually show marks of fishery interaction, which indicate the need for environmental education programmes with fishing communities.
‘It’s Not Just About a Rainbow Lanyard’: How Structural Cisnormativity Undermines the Enactment of Anti-Discrimination Legislation in the Welsh Homelessness Service
Authors: ENGLAND EDITH 
Published: March 2022

AbstractTrans people1 – those whose gender identity does not match that assigned to them at birth – are at considerably elevated risk of homelessness, reflecting their marginalized legal, bureaucratic and socio-economic status2. Recent substantial international expansion to the medico-legal rights afforded them operates in tension with cisnormative welfare structures. Based upon a Critical Discourse Analysis of interviews with 35 trans people with experience of homeless in Wales, UK, alongside 12 workers in the system, I argue that anti-discrimination legislation is insufficient in its current form to prevent discrimination against trans people. I suggest that, without addressing deeper structural cisnormativity, service provision for trans people experiencing homelessness and other forms of social marginalisation will remain inadequate. This argument rests upon the following findings. (1) Failing to consider exclusion at a structural level leads to system-gaps and misunderstandings, producing poor service experiences. (2) The specific needs of trans applicants are under considered in system planning, reducing scope for meaningful homelessness interventions. (3) An equalities approach can produce a reductive and potentially pathologizing focus upon trans identity, diverting from specific individual needs. I conclude that provision of inclusive services necessitates consideration of the impact of deep cisnormative assumptions in service design and delivery, and their resultant exclusion of trans people.
Fine structure of micropylar regions of Cobitis hankugensis, Iksookimia longicorpa and their unisexual natural hybrids
Authors: Yun Seung Woon , Park Jong Young 
Published: March 2022

SummaryIksookimia longicorpa and Cobitis hankugensis are two species of fish distributed only on the Korean Peninsula. They have a unique reproductive ecology that naturally hybridizes into three widely known unisexual types, maintaining populations of almost all females. In this study, the fine structure of the micropyles of I. longicorpa, C. hankugensis and their hybrids was analyzed to find out how egg–sperm interaction, a common interspecies isolation mechanism, is possible between heterogeneous species. Analysis of 30 eggs from five females of each species revealed that all had one funnel-shaped micropylar region and a manhole-shaped micropyle canal. With the exception of C. hankugensis, which had no spiral grooves or ridges, the rest had counterclockwise spiral grooves and ridges on the micropylar region. All five species, however, showed identical groove patterns for the micropyle canal. The egg size was the largest in HL (one from the C. hankugensis locus with one from the I. longicorpa locus) and the smallest in C. hankugensis. In the hybrids, the HL type had the largest egg and HHL (two from the C. hankugensis locus with one from the I. longicorpa locus) type the smallest. For the diameter of the micropylar region and micropyle canal, the diploid I. longicorpa, C. hankugensis and HL were smaller than those of the triploid. In addition, as the ratio of the canal diameter to the eggs was lower in I. longicorpa than in C. hankugensis, it was confirmed that I. longicorpa has a relatively small micropyle canal compared with C. hankugensis.
Rifting of the Kalahari Craton Through Botswana? New Seismic Evidence
Authors: Paulssen H. , Micallef T. , Bouwman D. R. , Ruigrok E. , Herman M. W. , Fadel I. , van der Meijde Mark , Kwadiba M. , Maritinkole J. , Ntibinyane O. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBotswana is a country with relatively low seismic activity that experienced an unexpected Mw 6.5 earthquake on 3 April 2017. Using data from the first countrywide seismic network, we established a Botswana earthquake catalog for the period January 2014 to February 2018. Two areas of elevated seismic activity were detected. The first one is the Okavango Rift Zone in northern Botswana, an area that is known to be active. The other one is associated with the 2017 mainshock and its aftershocks in central Botswana; it follows the Paleoproterozoic suture between the Limpopo Belt and the Kaapvaal Craton. Double‐difference relocation of these events revealed a reactivated fault system with a northwesterly strike with the aftershocks occurring at shallower depths than the mainshock at 29 km. The focal mechanisms of the mainshock and selected aftershocks are of normal faulting type with strikes similar to the orientation of the fault system. The unidirectional rupture of the mainshock in the lower crust combined with the upward migration of the aftershocks along the Moiyabana Fault and a thin low velocity anomaly the uppermost mantle are consistent with the events being produced by eclogitization of a dry metastable granulite facies rock by fluid intrusion from the mantle in an extensional stress regime. The Okavango Rift Zone is generally interpreted as the terminus of the southwestern branch of the East African Rift System. We suggest that the recent earthquakes in central Botswana may be considered as the southern continuation of this branch.
Downregulation of MEIS1 mediated by ELFN1-AS1/EZH2/DNMT3a axis promotes tumorigenesis and oxaliplatin resistance in colorectal cancer
Authors: Li Yimin , Gan Yaqi , Liu Jiaxin , Li Juanni , Zhou Zhengwei , Tian Ruotong , Sun Ruizheng , Liu Jiaqi , Xiao Qing , Li Yuanyuan , Lu Pengyan , Peng Yulong , Peng Yuqian , Shu Guang , Yin Gang 
Published: March 2022

AbstractOxaliplatin is widely used in the frontline treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC), but an estimated 50% of patients will eventually stop responding to treatment due to acquired resistance. This study revealed that diminished MEIS1 expression was detected in CRC and harmed the survival of CRC patients. MEIS1 impaired CRC cell viabilities and tumor growth in mice and enhanced CRC cell sensitivity to oxaliplatin by preventing DNA damage repair. Mechanistically, oxaliplatin resistance following MEIS1 suppression was critically dependent on enhanced FEN1 expression. Subsequently, we confirmed that EZH2-DNMT3a was assisted by lncRNA ELFN1-AS1 in locating the promoter of MEIS1 to suppress MEIS1 transcription epigenetically. Based on the above, therapeutics targeting the role of MEIS1 in oxaliplatin resistance were developed and our results suggested that the combination of oxaliplatin with either ELFN1-AS1 ASO or EZH2 inhibitor GSK126 could largely suppress tumor growth and reverse oxaliplatin resistance. This study highlights the potential of therapeutics targeting ELFN1-AS1 and EZH2 in cell survival and oxaliplatin resistance, based on their controlling of MEIS1 expression, which deserve further verification as a prospective therapeutic strategy.
Alpha-7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist alleviates psoriasis-like inflammation through inhibition of the STAT3 and NF-κB signaling pathway
Authors: Chen Yiwen , Lian Panpan , Peng Ziqi , Wazir Junaid , Ma Chujun , Wei Lulu , Li Li , Liu Jun , Zhao Chen , Pu Wenyuan , Wang Hongwei , Su Zhonglan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPsoriasis is a chronic inflammatory cutaneous disease; it has been discovered that stimulation of the nervous system increases susceptibility to psoriasis. Although the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway, which is mediated by the alpha-7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAChR), is critical for controlling multiple types of inflammation, its expression pattern and pathogenesis function in psoriatic lesioned skin tissue are unknown. We hereby analyzed the expression of α7nAchR in human and mouse psoriatic skin tissue. In vivo, PNU-282987 or Methyllycaconitine, a specific agonist or antagonist of α7nAchR, were administered to imiquimod (IMQ)-induced psoriatic mouse models. The macroscopic appearance and histopathological features of the psoriatic mice skin were evaluated. In addition, cell proliferation and differentiation markers were investigated. The level of pro-inflammatory cytokines released from the lesioned skin, as well as the activation of the relevant signaling pathways, were measured. Our findings indicated that psoriatic lesional skin expressed an increased level of α7nAChR, with its tissue distribution being primarily in skin keratinocytes and macrophages. In an IMQ-induced murine psoriasis model, α7nAChR agonist PNU-282987 treatment alleviated psoriasis-like inflammation by down-regulating the expression of multiple types of pro-inflammatory mediators and normalized keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation, whereas α7nAChR antagonist treatment exacerbated its effect. Mechanically, we observed that activation of the α7nAChR inhibited the activation of the STAT3 and NF-κB signaling pathways in in vitro cultured HaCaT cells induced by Th17-related cytokine IL-6/IL-22 or Th1-related cytokine TNF-α. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that attenuation of psoriatic inflammation via the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway is dependent on α7nAChR activation.
Ablation of Cbl-b and c-Cbl in dendritic cells causes spontaneous liver cirrhosis via altering multiple properties of CD103+ cDC1s
Authors: Xu Fei , Liu Chen , Dong Yongli , Wu Wenyan , Xu Jie , Yan Yunqiu , Shao Yu , Hao Chuangli , Yang Yi , Zhang Jinping 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe Casitas B-lineage lymphoma (Cbl) family proteins are E3 ubiquitin ligases implicated in the regulation of various immune cells. However, their function in dendritic cells (DCs) remains unclear. To investigate the role of Cbl family members in DCs, we created dendritic cell double-deficient Casitas B lymphoma-b (Cbl-b) and Casitas B lineage lymphoma (c-Cbl) mice by crossing Cbl-b−/− mice with c-Cblflox/flox CD11c-Cre+ mice. We found that specific deletion of Cbl-b and c-Cbl in CD11c+ cells, predominantly in DCs, led to liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and accumulation of systemic conventional Type I DCs (cDC1s) due to enhanced cell proliferation and decreased cell apoptosis. In addition to a change in DC number, double knockout (dKO) cDC1s exhibited a partially activated status as indicated by high basal expression levels of certain cytokines and possessed an enhanced capacity to prime T cells. After adoptive transfer, dKO cDC1s could drive liver fibrosis too. In further experiments, we demonstrated that Cbl-b and c-Cbl could target signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 (STAT5), a transcriptional repressor for the pro-apoptotic protein Bim, to promote ubiquitination-mediated degradation and cell apoptosis in cDC1s. Further extensive experiments revealed that Cbl-b mediated K27-linked ubiquitination of lysine 164 of STAT5a while c-Cbl induced K29-linked ubiquitination of lysine 696 of STAT5a and K27-linked ubiquitination of lysine 140 and 694 of STAT5b. Thus, our findings indicate a functional redundancy of Cbl-b and c-Cbl in cDC homeostasis and maturation.