bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Insights on the Lewis Superacid Al(OTeF5)3: Solvent Adducts, Characterization and Properties**
Authors: Hoffmann Kurt F. , Wiesner Anja , Steinhauer Simon , Riedel Sebastian 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPreparation and characterization of the dimeric Lewis superacid [Al(OTeF5)3]2 and various solvent adducts is presented. The latter range from thermally stable adducts to highly reactive, weakly bound species. DFT calculations on the ligand affinity of these Lewis acids were performed in order to rank their remaining Lewis acidity. An experimental proof of the Lewis acidity is provided by the reaction of solvent‐adducts of Al(OTeF5)3 with [PPh4][SbF6] and OPEt3, respectively. Furthermore, their reactivity towards chloride and pentafluoroorthotellurate salts as well as (CH3)3SiCl and (CH3)3SiF is shown. This includes the formation of the dianion [Al(OTeF5)5]2−.
Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube Purification Probed by Electrochemistry: Low‐Temperature Chlorine Gas Treatment Meets High‐Temperature Annealing
Authors: Berrada Nawal , El Housseini Wassim , Desforges Alexandre , Gleize Jérôme , Ghanbaja Jaafar , Etienne Mathieu , Houllé Matthieu , Bellouard Christine , Vigolo Brigitte 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe metal‐based residues in carbon nanotube samples can have an enormous impact to their properties which hinders their transfer to practical applications. Development of high‐performance purification methods and high sensitive approaches to detect and quantify the remaining impurities within the nanotube samples are still an active research field. Here, commercial multiwalled carbon nanotubes have been purified thanks to a non‐standard one‐step gas phase treatment using chlorine. Its facile reaction with the metal based impurities located inside and outside the carbon nanotubes allows to efficiently remove them at 1000 °C, with a sample yield of 79%. Raman spectroscopy and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy show that the carbon nanotube quality is preserved after purification. The quantity of magnetic residues is accurately evaluated by magnetic measurements, their outcome content is below 500 ppm (weight %). Finally, the redox behavior probed with hydrogen peroxide reduction is competitive with that obtained with a commercial sample thermally purified at 2400 °C. These two techniques were combined for the first time for high sensitivity characterization of ultra‐pure multiwalled carbon nanotubes. The used chlorine‐based treatment fulfills the requirements of an alternative tool to develop low energy processes for large scale industrial production of purified carbon nanotubes.
Piezoelectric Polarization and Empty Conduction Band of Zinc Sulfide: Structure Modulation on Graphitic Carbon Nitride for Carbon Dioxide Reduction to Methane
Authors: Hu Cheng , Sun Hao‐Yu , Jia Xue‐Mei , Lin Hai‐Li , Cao Jing , Chen Shi‐Fu 
Published: July 2022

AbstractRapid recombination of photoinduced charges on the surface and in the bulk phase of semiconductors severely hinders the photocatalytic performance. The synchronous regulation of photocarriers at different locations is also a huge challenge. With these issues in mind, the simultaneous enhancement of surface and bulk carrier separation of g‐C3N4 for highly selective reduction of CO2 to CH4 by coupling with dual functional ZnS is reported. The introduction of ZnS not only acts as a cocatalyst to capture the photogenerated electrons of g‐C3N4, but also forms a polarization electric field to drive the prompt migration and separation of photogenerated charges from bulk to surface. Under concurrent vibration and visible‐light irradiation, the as‐obtained ZnS/g‐C3N4 demonstrates significantly enhanced piezo‐photocatalytic for CO2 reduction, which is higher than that of photocatalytic and piezocatalytic performance, respectively. In addition, the selectivity of the reduction products is enhanced through optimization of the mass ratio of ZnS/g‐C3N4. When the ZnS content is increased to 7.95 wt%, high selectivity (95.7 %) of CO2 reduction to CH4 is achieved on ZnS/g‐C3N4. This work provides a means to regulate the carrier movement pathway and to enhance charge separation in the bulk phase and on the surface of the semiconductor for selective CO2 conversion.
Optimal design of both multi‐input multi‐output loop filter and multi‐input single‐output reconstruction filter of sigma delta modulator
Authors: Miao Qing , Ling Bingo Wing‐Kuen , Dam Heidi Hai Huyen 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis paper considers a sigma delta modulator (SDM) with the outputs of the quantizers directly fedback to the inputs of the loop filter without being subtracted from the input sequence. The design of the multi‐input multi‐output (MIMO) loop filter is formulated as an optimization problem. In particular, the sum of the inner products between the elements in the signal transfer function (STF) and the corresponding elements in the noise transfer function (NTF) of the SDM is minimized. The constraints of the optimization problem are defined based on the specifications on the maximum absolute difference between the magnitude response of the designed STF and that of the desirable STF as well as that between the magnitude response of the designed NTF and that of the desirable NTF of the SDM. Similarly, the design of the multi‐input single‐output (MISO) reconstruction filter is also formulated as an optimization problem. In particular, the sum of the total absolute difference between the designed magnitude response of the reconstruction filter and the desirable magnitude response of the STF of the SDM is minimized. The constraint of the problem is defined based on the specification on maximum absolute difference between the designed magnitude response of the reconstruction filter and the desirable magnitude response of the STF of the SDM. In this paper, the genetic algorithm is employed to find a near global solution of the formulated optimization problems. In order to reduce the required computational power, the matrix inversion lemma is applied. The computer numerical simulation results show that the SDM designed by our proposed method outperforms the SDMs designed by the Matlab function in terms of the signal to noise ratio (SNR) performance.
Solvent‐Dependent Self‐Assembly of an Amphiphilic Copper(II) Complex with Bulky Head Groups
Authors: Schreck Constantin , Weihermüller Johannes , Thoma Peter , Rosenfeldt Sabine , Drechsler Markus , Förster Christoph , Heinze Katja , Hörner Gerald , Weber Birgit 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe aggregation behavior of an amphiphilic copper(II) complex was studied in solution by means of UV‐Vis and EPR spectroscopy. While dilute solutions in polar media do not give indication of relevant intermolecular interactions, concentrated solutions in nonpolar media clearly do not reflect the molecular properties of [CuL] (H2L: N2O2 ligand of the Jäger‐type with bulky head‐group and long alkoxy tailing). Massive broadening of EPR‐lines is prevalent in non‐polar media, such as n‐heptane and iso‐octane. In combination with DFT‐modelling, the solvent‐dependence of the EPR response (line widths and Cu‐hyperfine coupling) could be associated with the formation of oligomers with weak anti‐ferromagnetically coupled copper centers. Weak anti‐ferromagnetic coupling becomes evident also by SQUID magnetometry at T<10 K of solid samples of [CuL]. The tendency towards supramolecular aggregation is unequivocally shown by electron microscopy of dried (TEM) and frozen samples (cryo‐TEM). While the former approach gives evidence of the formation of extended 2D sheet‐like structures with extensions on the micrometer scale, the latter technique identifies the formation of 1D thread‐like structures with lengths of several hundred nanometers.
Hypervalent Iodine‐Mediated Azidation Reactions
Authors: Mironova Irina A. , Kirsch Stefan F. , Zhdankin Viktor V. , Yoshimura Akira , Yusubov Mekhman S. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractOrganic azides have found wide application in various fields of science and technology. This review summarizes recently developed approaches to the direct, one‐step synthesis of diverse organic azides utilizing hypervalent iodine reagents. The first part of review deals with the azidation using unstable azidoiodinanes generated in situ from common hypervalent iodine reagents (such as diacetoxyiodobenzene or iodosylbenzene) and a source of azide anion (TMSN3 or NaN3). The second part of review is dedicated to the application of stable azidobenziodoxoles as useful azidating reagents that allow selective direct azidation of C−H bonds or double carbon‐carbon bonds under mild reaction conditions. The use of azidobenziodoxoles eliminates the main disadvantages of the traditional approaches to organic azides, such as the need in pre‐functionalization of organic substrates and harsh reaction conditions. Synthetic application of azidobenziodoxoles made possible direct selective azidation of a plethora of organic substrates including complex molecules at the late synthetic stage.
Adsorption of Individual and Mixtures of β-Blockers and Copper in Soils and Sediments
Authors: Smith Rose-Michelle , Sayen Stéphanie , Guillon Emmanuel 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The (bio)availability of pharmaceuticals at solid/water interfaces is governed by their sorption, which determines their concentrations in groundwaters and surface waters in contact with biota, and can be affected by the presence of other contaminants such as metallic trace elements likely to compete for adsorption sites and form complexes with pharmaceuticals. We studied the adsorption of the pharmaceuticals propranolol and sotalol—two β-blockers—on one soil and one sediment using batch experiments to assess their (bio)availability. The influence of contact time, pH, and concentration was studied. As in the real environment these contaminants are not alone but in mixtures, and they were studied alone, simultaneously added, and in the presence of Cu2+, which is known to form coordination complexes with propranolol and sotalol, but their presence in mixtures did not alter their adsorption properties. Sotalol was more mobile in water and thus more bioavailable for organisms than propranolol. The mobility in surface waters of both β-blockers and thus their bioavailabity for organisms is more important than their risk of transfer to groundwater during rainwater infiltration and to surface water due to runoff. Environ Toxicol Chem 2022;41:2700–2707. © 2022 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
Experimental analysis of the wall deformation of masonry brick and gypsum‐sheathed stud walls during standardized fire resistance tests of steel doors
Authors: Prieler Rene , Kitzmüller Peter , Thumser Stefan , Schwabegger Günther , Hochenauer Christoph 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn the case of a fire event, structural components are exposed to a thermal load. To determine the fire resistivity of building components standardized fire resistance tests (FRTs) have to be carried out. Besides the heating and the deformation of building components during the FRT, also the fire response of the adjacent wall construction is important. In the past, the fire response (deformation) of masonry brick and stud walls was examined without building components placed in the wall. However, the thermal expansion of doors and other components is causing a mechanical load on the wall, which is affecting its deformation. Thus, in the present study the deformation of masonry brick walls and gypsum‐sheathed stud walls with fire safety steel doors placed in the walls were determined during FRTs. Furthermore, the effect of the different door types, door size and wall thickness on the wall deformation was evaluated. Single leaf doors were approx. 1.3 m × 2.5 m, while double leaf doors were twice the size. The maximum deformation of the masonry brick walls was between 20 and 40 mm, and was hardly affected by the door type and size. However, larger doors with a higher temperature and thermal expansion showed a slightly increasing deformation. In contrast, stud walls were significantly affected by the door, especially when small doors were used. The wall was deformed up to approx. 100 mm for small doors. Using large doors in the stud wall, the wall deformation was limited to 20 mm.
Transcriptional substrates underlying functional connectivity profiles of subregions within the human sensorimotor cortex
Authors: Shen Yuhao , Zhang Cun , Cui Shunshun , Wang Rui , Cai Huanhuan , Zhao Wenming , Zhu Jiajia , Yu Yongqiang 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe human sensorimotor cortex has multiple subregions showing functional commonalities and differences, likely attributable to their connectivity profiles. However, the molecular substrates underlying such connectivity profiles are unclear. Here, transcriptome‐neuroimaging spatial correlation analyses were performed between transcriptomic data from the Allen human brain atlas and resting‐state functional connectivity (rsFC) of 24 fine‐grained sensorimotor subregions from 793 healthy subjects. Results showed that rsFC of six sensorimotor subregions were associated with expression measures of six gene sets that were specifically expressed in brain tissue. These sensorimotor subregions could be classified into the polygenic‐ and oligogenic‐modulated subregions, whose rsFC were related to gene sets diverging on their numbers (hundreds vs. dozens) and functional characteristics. First, the former were specifically expressed in multiple types of neurons and immune cells, yet the latter were not specifically expressed in any cortical cell types. Second, the former were preferentially expressed during the middle and late stages of cortical development, while the latter showed no preferential expression during any stages. Third, the former were prone to be enriched for general biological functions and pathways, but the latter for specialized biological functions and pathways. Fourth, the former were enriched for neuropsychiatric disorders, whereas this enrichment was absent for the latter. Finally, although the identified genes were commonly associated with sensorimotor behavioral processes, the polygenic‐modulated subregions associated genes were additionally related to vision and dementia. These findings may advance our understanding of the functional homogeneity and heterogeneity of the human sensorimotor cortex from the perspective of underlying genetic architecture.
Comparison of two gonadotropin‐releasing hormone agonist suppression protocols for in vitro fertilization in young patients with low body mass index
Authors: Mu Xin , Cai He , Shi Juan‐zi 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate two different gonadotropin‐releasing (pituitary downregulating) hormones used in in vitro fertilization (IVF) on the live birth rate in young patients with low body mass index (BMI) undergoing their first IVF cycle.MethodsIn a retrospective study in a single public medical center, 555 long gonadotropin‐releasing hormone agonist (GnRH‐a) protocols were compared with 431 prolonged GnRH‐a protocols between 2016 and 2018. All analyses were performed using the SPSS version 22.0. The primary measured outcome was live birth rate.ResultsCompared with the long protocol, the prolonged protocol required more doses of gonadotropin and a longer duration of ovarian stimulation. Lower levels of serum luteinizing hormone and serum estrogen were detected on the day of chorionic gonadotropin administration, and a lower fertilization rate was found in the prolonged protocol. Although more oocytes were retrieved and more frozen embryos were recorded in the prolonged protocol, the live birth rate per fresh cycle was comparable between the two protocols (P = 0.057). The incidence of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome was higher in the prolonged protocol group. In the subgroup of women with antral follicle count (AFC) of 12 or less, there was no difference in the live birth rate between the two protocols (P = 0.688). However, for women with AFC > greater than 12, the prolonged protocol was still a positive predictor of live birth rate. The odds ratio was 1.73 (95% confidence interval 1.04–2.89).ConclusionThe prolonged protocol might not increase the live birth rate in women with low BMI who are undergoing their first IVF cycle. However, for women with AFC greater than 12, a prolonged protocol could be a good choice to improve the live birth rate.
Interdependent self‐construal moderates the relationship between pro‐generation investment and future orientation: A cross‐cultural comparison
Authors: Chen Yidi , Gao Lingling , Sheng Zhengyu , Ma Jinjin , Guo Xiaohan (Hannah) , Lippke Sonia , Gan Yiqun 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIntroductionCultural orientation and interdependent self‐construal can moderate the relationship between perceived pro‐generation investment and future orientation of young adults. To test how interdependent self‐construal moderate the relationship between pro‐generation investment and future orientation of young adults from two different cultural ecologies was the aim of the current study.MethodsA cross‐cultural comparison was conducted among study participants from China, Germany, and the United States. Interdependent self‐construal, perceived pro‐generation investment by parents (parental investment), and future orientation were measured. Cross‐cultural data were collected from 205 college students in China, a collectivist culture, and 169 college students in Germany (n = 50) and the United States (n = 119), which are individualist cultures. We examined a three‐way interaction with cultural orientation and interdependent self‐construal as moderators in the relationship between perceived parental investment and future orientation.ResultsIn the collectivist cultural context, there appeared no moderating effect of interdependent self‐construal on the relationship between perceived parental investment and future orientation, although interdependent self‐construal and perceived parental investment predicted future orientation. In the individualistic cultural context, there was a moderating effect. For individuals high in interdependent self‐construal, future orientation remained stable as perceived parental investment increased. For individuals low in interdependent self‐construal, future orientation decreased as perceived parental investment increased.ConclusionsThe findings have practical implications in that parents should follow the cultural orientation of their background and provide their children with individualized investment and education to shape the future orientation of their offspring.
Rhein induces changes in the lysosomal compartment of HeLa cells
Authors: Trybus Wojciech , Król Teodora , Trybus Ewa 
Published: July 2022

AbstractRhein is an anthraquinone found in Rheum palmatum, used in Chinese medicine. Due to potential anticancer properties, the study assessed its effect on the lysosomal compartment, which indirectly influences cell death. The experiment was performed on HeLa cells by treating them with rhein at concentrations of 100–300 µM. LC3‐II protein and caspase 3/7 activity, level of apoptosis, the concentration of reactive oxide species (ROS), and mitochondrial potential (Δψm) were evaluated by the cytometric method. To evaluate the permeability of the lysosomal membrane (LMP), staining with acridine orange and the assessment of activity of cathepsin D and L in the lysosomal and extralysosomal fractions were used. Cell viability was assessed by ‐(3‐(4,5‐Dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide) (MTT) and neutral red (NR) assays. Changes in cells were also demonstrated at the level of electron, optical, confocal, and fluorescence microscopy. Inhibition of autophagy was done using chloroquine. Rhein‐induced degradation processes were confirmed by an increase in the number of primary lysosomes, autophagosomes, and autolysosomes. At high concentrations, rhein caused the generation of ROS, which induced LMP expressed by quenching of acridine orange fluorescence. These results correlated with a reduction of lysosomes, as visualized in graphical modeling, with the decreased uptake of NR by lysosomes, and increased activity of cathepsin D and L in the extralysosomal fraction. The studies also showed an increase in the activity of caspase 3/7 and a decrease in the expression of Bcl‐2 protein, indicative of rhein‐stimulated apoptosis. At the same time, we demonstrated that preincubation of cells with chloroquine inhibited rhein‐induced autophagy and contributed to increased cytotoxicity to HeLa cells. Rhein also induced DNA damage and led to cycle arrest in the S phase. Our results indicate that rhein, by inducing changes in the lysosomal compartment, indirectly affects apoptosis of HeLa cells and in combination with autophagy inhibitors may be an effective form of anticancer therapy.
Do highly sensitive persons display hypersensitive narcissism? Similarities and differences in the nomological networks of sensory processing sensitivity and vulnerable narcissism
Authors: Jauk Emanuel , Knödler Madita , Frenzel Julia , Kanske Philipp 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundIndividuals with high sensory processing sensitivity (SPS) (“highly sensitive persons”) are thought to be easily excitable and overwhelmed, highly attentive to aesthetic impressions, and particularly sensitive to sensory stimulation. Public discourse suggests that those who describe themselves as highly sensitive see themselves as fundamentally different from others, and view their personality as a gift and a burden. From a clinical personality perspective, high sensitivity could be considered to have substantial overlaps with hypersensitive narcissism, or generally vulnerable narcissism.MethodWe investigated the associations and shared nomological networks between high sensitivity and hypersensitive narcissism in two studies using convenience and representative samples (n1 = 280, n2 = 310).ResultsThere is evidence for replicable associations between SPS and hypersensitive (.53 ≤ r ≤ .54) as well as vulnerable narcissism (.44 ≤ r ≤ .54), associations were not attributable to general neuroticism. Nomological networks were similar and pointed to a neurotic‐introverted personality profile with reduced personality functioning. Latent class analyses further pointed to substantial and practically relevant person‐level covariance.ConclusionSensory processing sensitivity and hypersensitive narcissism are substantially related constructs. For clinicians, this points to the importance of being attentive to narcissistic self‐regulatory strategies in individuals presenting as highly sensitive.