bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Classification of painful or painless diabetic peripheral neuropathy and identification of the most powerful predictors using machine learning models in large cross-sectional cohorts
Authors: Baskozos Georgios , Themistocleous Andreas C. , Hebert Harry L. , Pascal Mathilde M. V. , John Jishi , Callaghan Brian C. , Laycock Helen , Granovsky Yelena , Crombez Geert , Yarnitsky David , Rice Andrew S. C. , Smith Blair H. , Bennett David L. H. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBackgroundTo improve the treatment of painful Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy (DPN) and associated co-morbidities, a better understanding of the pathophysiology and risk factors for painful DPN is required. Using harmonised cohorts (N = 1230) we have built models that classify painful versus painless DPN using quality of life (EQ5D), lifestyle (smoking, alcohol consumption), demographics (age, gender), personality and psychology traits (anxiety, depression, personality traits), biochemical (HbA1c) and clinical variables (BMI, hospital stay and trauma at young age) as predictors.MethodsThe Random Forest, Adaptive Regression Splines and Naive Bayes machine learning models were trained for classifying painful/painless DPN. Their performance was estimated using cross-validation in large cross-sectional cohorts (N = 935) and externally validated in a large population-based cohort (N = 295). Variables were ranked for importance using model specific metrics and marginal effects of predictors were aggregated and assessed at the global level. Model selection was carried out using the Mathews Correlation Coefficient (MCC) and model performance was quantified in the validation set using MCC, the area under the precision/recall curve (AUPRC) and accuracy.ResultsRandom Forest (MCC = 0.28, AUPRC = 0.76) and Adaptive Regression Splines (MCC = 0.29, AUPRC = 0.77) were the best performing models and showed the smallest reduction in performance between the training and validation dataset. EQ5D index, the 10-item personality dimensions, HbA1c, Depression and Anxiety t-scores, age and Body Mass Index were consistently amongst the most powerful predictors in classifying painful vs painless DPN.ConclusionsMachine learning models trained on large cross-sectional cohorts were able to accurately classify painful or painless DPN on an independent population-based dataset. Painful DPN is associated with more depression, anxiety and certain personality traits. It is also associated with poorer self-reported quality of life, younger age, poor glucose control and high Body Mass Index (BMI). The models showed good performance in realistic conditions in the presence of missing values and noisy datasets. These models can be used either in the clinical context to assist patient stratification based on the risk of painful DPN or return broad risk categories based on user input. Model’s performance and calibration suggest that in both cases they could potentially improve diagnosis and outcomes by changing modifiable factors like BMI and HbA1c control and institute earlier preventive or supportive measures like psychological interventions.
Spontaneous spinal intradural hemorrhage in dengue fever: a case report
Authors: Kaushik Rajeev Mohan , Kumar Ranjit , Kaushik Madhurima , Saini Manju , Kaushik Reshma 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Spontaneous spinal cord hemorrhage is extremely rare in dengue fever. We report a case of spontaneous spinal intradural hemorrhage in dengue fever associated with severe thrombocytopenia.

Case presentation
A 48-year-old Indian woman presented with fever and body aches followed by acute onset of paraplegia with bladder and bowel dysfunction and loss of sensations below the level of the umbilicus. She had severe thrombocytopenia and positive dengue serology. Magnetic resonance imaging of the spine showed compression of the spinal cord due to intradural hematoma at the D7–D8 vertebral level. The patient received symptomatic treatment for dengue fever and steroids. Emergency D7–D8 laminectomy with excision of the clot and dural repair was done after stabilizing the platelet count with multiple platelet transfusions. The constitutional symptoms responded well to the treatment. There was good improvement in sensory symptoms but negligible improvement in paraplegia with a change in muscle power from grade 0/5 to grade 1/5 in the postoperative period. The patient was discharged from the hospital in a stable condition, but paraplegia showed little improvement during follow-up of 1 year.

Conclusions
Spontaneous spinal cord hemorrhage can present as acute paraplegia in dengue fever. Failure to recognize this complication can delay initiating appropriate treatment with permanent loss of neurologic function.
Failure Mode Detection of Reinforced Concrete Shear Walls Using Ensemble Deep Neural Networks
Authors: Barkhordari Mohammad Sadegh , Massone Leonardo M. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractReinforced concrete structural walls (RCSWs) are one of the most efficient lateral force-resisting systems used in buildings, providing sufficient strength, stiffness, and deformation capacities to withstand the forces generated during earthquake ground motions. Identifying the failure mode of the RCSWs is a critical task that can assist engineers and designers in choosing appropriate retrofitting solutions. This study evaluates the efficiency of three ensemble deep neural network models, including the model averaging ensemble, weighted average ensemble, and integrated stacking ensemble for predicting the failure mode of the RCSWs. The ensemble deep neural network models are compared against previous studies that used traditional well-known ensemble models (AdaBoost, XGBoost, LightGBM, CatBoost) and traditional machine learning methods (Naïve Bayes, K-Nearest Neighbors, Decision Tree, and Random Forest). The weighted average ensemble model is proposed as the best-suited prediction model for identifying the failure mode since it has the highest accuracy, precision, and recall among the alternative models. In addition, since complex and advanced machine learning-based models are commonly referred to as black-box, the SHapley Additive exPlanation method is also used to interpret the model workflow and illustrate the importance and contribution of the components that impact determining the failure mode of the RCSWs.
The effect of loving-kindness meditation on employees’ mindfulness, affect, altruism and knowledge hiding
Authors: Liu Chao , Chen Hao , Liang Yu-Chao , Hsu Szu-Erh , Huang Ding-Hau , Liu Chia-Yi , Chiou Wen-Ko 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
This study investigated the effects of the loving-kindness meditation (LKM) on employees’ mindfulness, affect, altruism and knowledge hiding.

Methods
In total, 100 employees were recruited from a knowledge-based enterprise in China and randomly divided into the LKM training group (n = 50) and the control group (n = 50). The LKM training group underwent LKM training for 8 weeks, while the control group did not. Seven main variables (mindfulness, altruism positive affect, negative affect, playing dumb, rationalized hiding, and evasive hiding) were measured both before (pre-test) and after (post-test) the LKM training intervention.

Results
The LKM intervention significantly increased participants’ altruism, and significantly reduced negative affect, playing dumb and evasive hiding, but did not significantly improve mindfulness, positive affect, and rationalized hiding.

Conclusions
LKM significantly improved employees’ altruism, and significantly reduce their negative affect, but did not significantly improve their mindfulness and positive affect. For knowledge hiding, LKM significantly reduced playing dumb and evasive hiding, but had no significant effect on rationalized hiding. These results further elucidate the psychological effects of LKM and suggest the possibility of reducing knowledge hiding in the workplace.

Trial registration
ChiCTR2200057460. Registered in Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR), 13 March 2022—Retrospectively registered.
Simple, accurate calculation of mechanical power in pressure controlled ventilation (PCV)
Authors: Trinkle Christine A. , Broaddus Richard N. , Sturgill Jamie L. , Waters Christopher M. , Morris Peter E. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Mechanical power is a promising new metric to assess energy transfer from a mechanical ventilator to a patient, which combines the contributions of multiple parameters into a single comprehensive value. However, at present, most ventilators are not capable of calculating mechanical power automatically, so there is a need for a simple equation that can be used to estimate this parameter at the bedside. For volume-controlled ventilation (VCV), excellent equations exist for calculating power from basic ventilator parameters, but for pressure-controlled ventilation (PCV), an accurate, easy-to-use equation has been elusive.

Results
Here, we present a new power equation and evaluate its accuracy compared to the three published PCV power equations. When applied to a sample of 50 patients on PCV with a non-zero rise time, we found that our equation estimated power within an average of 8.4% ± 5.9% (mean ± standard deviation) of the value obtained by numerical integration of the P–V loop. The other three equations estimated power with an error of 19.4% ± 12.9% (simplified Becher equation), 10.0% ± 6.8% (comprehensive Becher equation), and 16.5% ± 14.6% (van der Meijden equation).

Conclusions
Our equation calculates power more accurately than the other three published equations, and is much easier to use than the only previously published equation with similar accuracy. The proposed new mechanical power equation is accurate and simple to use, making it an attractive option to estimate power in PCV cases at the bedside.
Biostimulants an important nonchemical alternative to pesticides for management of virus disease in Muskmelon
Authors: Dhkal Manmohan , Sharma Abhishek , Sharma Sat Pal 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Use of chemical pesticides for controlling viral disease in different crops leads to the development of various problems, viz. residue in sprayed crop, pest resistance, pest resurgence and environmental pollution. It was necessary to find some products that were environmentally safe. So, during this study, biostimulants, viz. buttermilk, kaolin, vegetable oil, neem oil, horticultural mineral oil and lemon grass oil, were tested at different concentrations for the management of viral diseases in muskmelon.

Results
Among these biostimulants, spray of buttermilk at 20% concentration was found to be highly effective with minimum % disease incidence (50.8%) and % disease severity (21.3%), followed by kaolin 2%. Other treatments were also found to be significantly effective in the management of viral disease than the control. In addition to disease control, buttermilk at 20% was also found to increase number of fruits per plant (2.2), number of marketable fruits per plant (2.2), fruit weight (983.3 g), chlorophyll content (26.91 mg m−2) and photosynthetic activity (43.80 mg m−2). Similar to buttermilk 20%, kaolin 2% has also been observed to have significant effect on all abovementioned traits.

Conclusion
As buttermilk 20% spray was found to increase growth and yield of sprayed plant along with controlling viral disease, it can act as a good alternative for the pesticide spray in future because spray of pesticide majority time leads to residue problem, pest resistance and pest resurgence problem.
A rare case report of dominant paediatric sinus pericranii: food for thought!
Authors: Agarwal Arvind Kumar , Basantani Neeraj 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background
Sinus pericranii (SP) is a rare venous anomaly abnormally connecting the intracranial dural sinuses with the epicranial venous channels. Various authors have attempted to classify this entity to decide management for this potentially life-threatening condition. With approximately 200 cases reported in world literature till date, no definitive guidelines for management have emerged.

Case presentation
A female child aged 7 years presented to us with complaints of occipital swelling since birth. This swelling was gradually increasing in size as reported by the parents. On examination, the swelling was located in the right parieto-occipital region, size 10 cm diameter in lying position, soft, non-tender, fluid-like diffuse swelling with underlying areas of palpable bony defects, partially reducible in sitting up position, and cough impulse was present. On evaluation, a case of dominant SP was established.

Conclusion
Traditionally, SP has been reported mostly in paediatric population and managed surgically or endovascularly for selected cases, while the remaining cases have been observed. Profuse haemorrhage has been a major deterrent to manage these lesions surgically. Long-term complications like trauma, haemorrhage, infection and thrombosis have been reported in conservatively managed cases. The neurosurgical community has thus been left searching for the optimal management of SP. The authors report this case attempting to classify this case according to the available classification systems and hence decide the best possible management.
Circulating cell-free DNA undergoes significant decline in yield after prolonged storage time in both plasma and purified form
Authors: Yuwono Nicole Laurencia , Boyd Mollie Ailie Acheson , Henry Claire Elizabeth , Werner Bonnita , Ford Caroline Elizabeth , Warton Kristina 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Circulating DNA (cirDNA) is generally purified from plasma that has been biobanked for variable lengths of time. In long-term experiments or clinical trials, the plasma can be stored frozen for up to several years. Therefore, it is crucial to determine the stability of cirDNA to ensure confidence in sample quality upon analysis. Our main objective was to determine the effect of storage for up to 2 years on cirDNA yield and fragmentation.

Methods
We stored frozen EDTA plasma and purified cirDNA from 10 healthy female donors, then quantified cirDNA yield at baseline, and at regular intervals for up to 2 years, by qPCR and Qubit. We also compared cirDNA levels in non-haemolysed and haemolysed blood samples after 16 months of storage and tested the effect of varying DNA extraction protocol parameters.

Results
Storage up to two years caused an annual cirDNA yield decline of 25.5% when stored as plasma and 23% when stored as purified DNA, with short fragments lost more rapidly than long fragments. Additionally, cirDNA yield was impacted by plasma input and cirDNA elution volumes, but not by haemolysis.

Conclusions
The design of long-term cirDNA-based studies and clinical trials should factor in the deterioration of cirDNA during storage.
Análisis de curvas de fusión de alta resolución para identificar el sexo en papaya (Carica papaya L.)
Authors: Barrantes-Santamaría Walter , Sánchez-Barrantes Elodia M. 
Published: May 2022

Introducción. El sexado de las plantas de papaya (Carica papaya L.) en plantaciones comerciales se suele hacer de forma visual una vez que la planta emite la flor. También existen procedimientos biotecnológicos como la Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa (PCR), utilizados para detectar a edades tempranas el sexo de la papaya, sin embargo, ambos métodos mencionados presentan una serie de inconvenientes entre ellos los falsos positivos. Objetivo. Identificar el sexo en plántulas de papaya con marcadores SNP (Single Nucleotide Polymorphism) de alto grado de precisión. Materiales y métodos. La investigación se realizó en la Estación Experimental Agrícola Fabio Baudrit Moreno de la Universidad de Costa Rica, durante los meses de febrero a octubre del año 2020. Se evaluaron ocho marcadores SNP en plantas de papaya de sexo conocido mediante la técnica HRMA (siglas en inglés: High Resolution Melting Analysis), se escogió el mejor y se reevaluó en dos poblaciones del programa de mejora genética de este cultivo, las plantas sexadas se sembraron en campo para comparar el sexado molecular con el real en campo. Resultados. Varios de los marcadores SNP evaluados fueron polimórficos y podrían ser usados para identificar el sexo en la papaya, sin embargo, el marcador CpSERK_HRM_34704 fue el que se ajustó más a los criterios de selección. Conclusión. Para el caso del híbrido de papaya Pococí y poblaciones de mejora emparentadas con el mismo, el marcador CpSERK_HRM_34704 mostró un 100 % de precisión entre le sexado molecular de las plántulas en el almácigo con la técnica HRM y el sexo real de las mismas plantas sembradas en el campo.
Receptor GPR18 – budowa, funkcja i rola w fizjologii i patofizjologii
Authors: Jurkiewicz Michalina , Steć Greta , Szczepaniak Adrian , Fichna Jakub , Zielińska Marta 
Published: May 2022

Receptory sprzężone z białkiem G stanowią największą rodzinę receptorów błonowych i biorą udział w licznych procesach utrzymujących homeostazę organizmu. Część tych receptorów nadal jest zaliczana do receptorów sierocych, ponieważ ich funkcja i endogenne ligandy nie są dokładnie poznane. Przez długi czas receptor GPR18 był zaliczany do tej grupy, a niedawno został sklasyfikowany jako receptor endokannabinoidowy, ponieważ wykazano jego powinowactwo do ligandów kannabinoidowych. Ekspresja receptora GPR18 została wykazana m.in. w mózgowiu, tarczycy, leukocytach krwi obwodowej, płucach oraz jądrach. Udowodniono jego rolę w regulacji ciśnienia śródgałkowego, neuroimmunomodulacji, regulacji ciśnienia tętniczego oraz w zaburzeniach metabolicznych. W niniejszym artykule podsumowujemy aktualny stan wiedzy dotyczącej receptora GPR18 - jego ekspresji w organizmie, ligandów oraz roli w procesach fizjologicznych, jak i patofizjologii.
Evaluation of the content of assessment frameworks used for screening prospective foster parents in the north west province, South Africa
Authors: Steyn Bianca , Mmusi Fatima , Roestenburg Wim 
Published: May 2022

Purpose of the study: To propose a universal assessment and screening framework for prospective foster carers within Dr. Kenneth Kaunda and Ruth Mompati districts in the North-West Province, South Africa.
Methodology: This study used a quantitative, descriptive, and exploratory approach, principally directed by an evaluation paradigm. The above-mentioned strategy was backed by the adoption of a cross-sectional survey design (Creswell, 2014). The researchers were able to quantify the degree of agreement between two or more respondents thanks to the fully-crossed design. To examine the inter-rater agreement of the five specified assessment frameworks, data were collected from respondents at one point in time using a self-developed, paper-based survey using a 5-point Likert scale.
Main Findings: As seen by differences in sample frameworks according to the quantitative component of this study, there is a lack of standardization in the use of assessment frameworks during the screening and assessment of potential foster parents. Furthermore, these frameworks were not always subjected to scientific scrutiny and best practice evaluation.
Applications of the study: There is a need to standardize processes that will lead to higher-quality practices and client services in the long run. This research will help to develop a consistent, uniform baseline framework for assessing foster placements, as well as identify viable screening instruments and improve the structure of assessment processes.
Novelty/Originality of the study: This research proposes that by identifying ideal framework elements and gathering information regarding them in existing assessment frameworks, evidence-based practice in foster care, specifically in the screening and assessment of potential foster parents, can be improved.
Physical Fitness of Young Japanese Adults Evaluated by Old and New Diagnostic Criteria for Sarcopenia
Authors: Yasuda Tomohiro 
Published: May 2022

The purpose of this study was to compare the fitness levels of healthy young Japanese adults based on the “old” and “new” sarcopenia versions of the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in the Older People (EWGSOP1 and EWGSOP2) and the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS 2014 and AWGS 2019) criteria. Sixty-nine Japanese young adults were evaluated using the diagnostic criteria and classification of sarcopenia (muscle strength, physical ability, and muscle mass). For both sexes, the percentage classified as “robust” on the sarcopenia diagnostic criteria was lower in “old” than in “new” classification. The “sarcopenia” category comprised 2% of females only, but none of them had “severe sarcopenia”. The proportion of participants with “presarcopenia” (old classification) was 19-38%, and that with “possible sarcopenia” (new classification) was 2% for females only. A higher proportion of healthy young adults were classified as “robust” in “new” compared to “old” because "presarcopenia" was eliminated in “new”. Moreover, since the proportion of low muscle mass exists in one-fifth of males and one-third of females, it would be difficult to use the new criteria to promote muscle mass gains and prevent from a young age to care for the future.
NILAI SOSIAL DAN PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER DALAM KUMPULAN CERPEN LUPA 3NDONESA KARYA SUJIWO TEJO SERTA PEMANFAATANNYA DALAM PEMBELAJARAN DI SMA
Authors: Bashori Achmad , Suwandi Sarwiji , Mulyono Slamet 
Published: May 2022

Degradasi moral banyak terjadi di kalangan remaja Indonesia. Upaya untuk memperbaiki moral dapat dilakukan melalui pembelajaran sastra di sekolah. Penelitian ini bertujuan menjelaskan (1) nilai sosial dalam kumpulan cerpen <em>Lupa 3ndonesa </em>karya Sujiwo Tejo, (2) nilai pendidikan karakter dalam kumpulan cerpen <em>Lupa 3ndonesa </em>karya Sujiwo Tejo, dan (3) pemanfaatannya sebagai materi ajar sastra di SMA. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode <em>content analysis</em>. Data penelitian berupa kutipan dialog dan monolog yang menunjukkan nilai sosial dan pendidikan karakter serta catatan hasil wawancara dengan guru bahasa Indonesia. Sumber data berupa kumpulan cerpen <em>Lupa 3ndonesa </em>karya Sujiwo Tejo dan informan.<em> </em>Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan <em>purposive sampling. </em>Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik baca-catat dan wawancara. Validitas data berupa triangulasi teori dan sumber. Analisis data menggunakan model analisis data interaktif. Hasil penelitian ini, yaitu (1) terdapat nilai sosial berupa tolong-menolong, empati, toleransi, kerja sama, dan kepedulian; (2) memuat nilai pendidikan karakter yaitu keadilan, pengendalian diri, syukur, kerendahan hati, cinta, dan kebijaksanaan; dan (3) nilai sosial dan pendidikan karakter dalam cerpen dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai materi ajar sastra di SMA kelas XI pada KD 3.8 dan 4.8. Nilai sosial dan pendidikan karakter dalam cerpen dapat digunakan sebagai contoh untuk siswa mengenal kemudian mempraktikannya dalam kehidupan sehari-hari.