bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Maxillofacial Radiology 197
Authors: Yakoob Zarah , Smit C 
Published: March 2022

Large field of view cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images allows the visualisation of anatomical structures outside of the teeth and jaws. These areas include the cranial vault and paranasal sinuses. Occasionally pathology, anatomical variation and various other incidental findings can be seen.1 As the use of CBCT has become more common amongst general dentists and specialists, awareness and understanding of incidental findings are of great importance, for the patient as well as medico-legal reasons. Calcifications that are found as incidental findings on CBCT scans within the brain can be pathological or physiological in origin. areas within the brain where physiological calcifications can be found include the pineal gland, choroid plexus, habenular, tentorium cerebelli, sagittal sinus, and falx cerebri. The most reported form of physiological brain calcifications is in the pineal gland and is thought to be an age-related change.2 Pathological calcifications are less common than the physiological variants and are because of more serious diseases such as infectious diseases, endocrine disorders, metastatic lesions, and primary intracranial tumours, to name a few.
Del juego al juego cooptado. De los clásicos a la literatura moderna…
Authors: Reyes-Rodríguez Alixon David 
Published: April 2022

El objetivo de este artículo es analizar contradicciones que en el contexto teórico-epistémico se vienen produciendo en el tratamiento literario del juego, especialmente en lo que se refiere a la autotelicidad como característica fundamental del mismo. Esto tiene implicaciones en el ámbito de la práctica pedagógica, por lo que, el debate no invita a la polarización o al establecimiento de una lógica binaria, sino a la consolidación del elemento lúdico en el escenario escolar, colocando cada cosa (el juego y otras actividades lúdicas) en su justa dimensión, tiempo y lugar. De allí que, se advierta la cooptación del juego en el afán de otorgar productividad al juego a fin de incorporarlo en el escenario escolar y en el marco de la arquitectura curricular. Finalmente, se invita al ejercicio coherente, no solo a nivel del tratamiento teórico-epistémico, sino también en cuanto a la práctica pedagógica, habida cuenta los procesos de subjetivación que se generan a partir de la instancia del juego.
Comparative evaluation of antimicrobial efficacy of natural extracts and sodium hypochlorite against persistent root canal pathogens: An in-vitro study
Authors: Sindhuja Avula , Rao S Anitha 
Published: March 2022

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy of natural extracts and Sodium hypochlorite against E. faecalis.: The present study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy of natural extracts (Moringa oleifera and Carica papaya) and Sodium hypochlorite against E. faecalis. Carica papaya and Moringa oleifera leaf extracts were obtained. 30 extracted incisor teeth were taken and access cavities were prepared, canals were prepared using the crown-down technique. E. faecalis suspension was placed into root canals and was incubated. Teeth were divided into three groups based on irrigating solutions: 1. 3% NaOCl, 2. Moringa leaf extract, 3. Papaya leaf extract. Dentinal shavings were collected on BHI agar and were incubated. Colonies of E. faecalis were counted.: Differences were found in colony count for different irrigating solutions. p-value &#60; 0.05 is considered statistically significant.: Moringa oleifera has good antimicrobial properties compared to Sodium hypochlorite and Carica papaya. The results should be considered for further research in minimizing the use of chemical substances and increasing the use of effective herbal extracts in root canal treatment.
Retinopathy of prematurity: A revisit to the incidence, risk factors, and its response to laser therapy
Authors: Kubrey Sooraj Singh , Panakkal Nikitha Ann , Kumar Kavitha , Shrivastava Jyotsna 
Published: March 2022

: The debilitating vasoproliferative retinal disorder retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), a prequel to neonatal blindness is known to be increasing in recent years with improved advances in neonatal care and survival. Aim of this study was to study the incidence of ROP, risk factors, and response to the gold standard treatment of laser has been explored in this study.: In this prospective observational study of all neonates referred to the retina clinic of a tertiary care centre, from both in-house referrals and peripheral centres. Demographic data, both maternal and neonatal data were recorded. Neonates complying to inclusion and exclusion criteria were examined under 28 diopter lens and all ROP were documented using RetCam. Laser photocoagulation was performed and later followed up according to ETROP schedule.: 699 neonates were screened in the study and ROP was detected in 13.73% (182/1398) of this population, with mean gestational age 31.82±2.44 weeks and mean birth weight 1425.36±287.73 grams. Neonatal risk factors of gestational age &#60;34 weeks, low birth weight, ventilatory support, RDS, oxygen supplementation, sepsis, birth asphyxia, blood transfusion, and phototherapy were found to have significant association for incidence of ROP and those requiring treatment. When 67.58% regressed spontaneously, all 59 eyes requiring treatment underwent laser therapy. 46 out of these 59 eyes (77.97%) showed regression and remaining seven eyes required further intervention.: Better premature neonates survival rates has shown an increased incidence of ROP over the past decades. Red flag signs like low gestational age, low birth weight, RDS, oxygen supplementation, sepsis, blood transfusion, AGA and twin pregnancy are confirmed to have significant association with the development of ROP. Laser therapy still remains effective in controlling progression of the disease.
Clinical and ultrasound biomicroscopic (UBM) correlation in eyes with closed globe injury
Authors: Ganekal Sunil , Dorairaj Syril , Ganekal Varun 
Published: March 2022

To correlate UBM and clinical findings in patients with closed globe injury. Prospective observational study of 75 patients, ≥ 12 years of age presenting to ophthalmic outpatient department within one week of sustaining closed globe injury. Patients with seriously ill polytrauma and open globe injuries were excluded from the study. Comprehensive ophthalmic examination including Visual acuity assessment, slit lamp examination, fundus examination and IOP measurement. Gonioscopy and UBM examination was done in all patients on presentation except for patients with hyphema (UBM and gonioscopy done at 4 weeks to prevent rebleed).Mean age of the patients was 31.4 ±8 years, most common external findings included lid ecchymosis (47%), subconjunctival hemorrhage (93%). The common anterior segment finding included traumatic iritis (87%), traumatic hyphema (61%) and traumatic cataract in 27% of patients. Clinical evidence of zonular dialysis was seen in 13% of patients. UBM was able to detect zonular defects in 62% patients (P=0.008). Most of the patients (57%) had zonular dialysis less than 3 clock hours on UBM examination. UBM confirmed the presence of other clinical findings like iridodialysis, cyclodialysis. UBM is a safe and effective adjunctive tool for clinical assessment and management of ocular trauma. It can diagnose subtle zonular dialysis and other anterior segment changes following blunt trauma. UBM should be an integral part of ophthalmic examination especially in patients requiring surgical intervention after closed globe injury.
A clinical profile of raised intraocular pressure in closed globe injury and its management
Authors: Sharada M  , Kumar N Manoj , Khayoom Nishat Sultana , Anuradha A  , Vidyadevi M  
Published: March 2022

We studied the clinical profile of patients with raised intraocular pressure (IOP) in closed globe injury and outcome of medical and surgical management.: A prospective, interventional study of 32 patients diagnosed with raised IOP following closed globe injury, who presented to a tertiary care centre during the period of November 2018 to May 2020. Most patients (59%) were young, age group of &#60; 40 years. 71.9% were males. Left eye was involved in 53.1%. Mean duration of presentation after injury was 4.38 days. Most common mode of injury was industrial accidents (28%). Mean IOP at presentation was 29.19 ±7.342. Vision at presentation was ≤ 6/60 in 18.75%. Anterior segment injury was most common. On gonioscopy, 13 eyes (41%) had open angles, 1 eye (3.1%) had closed angle and deferred in rest. Angle recession was present in 2 eyes. 3% of eyes had increased cup-disc ration (CDR) &#62; 0.7. 68.75% were managed medically and 31.2% surgically. In the medical group, mean initial IOP was 26.18±5.124 mm Hg and at 12 months was 14.83 ± 2.287 mm Hg (p &#60;0.0001). A 44% reduction of IOP seen. The initial and final IOP in surgical group was 35.80±7.330 and18.60 ±3.777 respectively with a (p &#60; 0.0001). A reduction of 48% IOP was seen at the end of 12 months in surgical group. There was no significant difference between medical and surgical intervention. There was no significant difference between medical and surgical intervention while treating glaucoma secondary to closed globe injury.
Changes in tear film parameters after manual small incision cataract surgery
Authors: Lavaju Poonam , Shah Sangeeta 
Published: March 2022

Dry eye disease is an ocular surface disorder leading to tear film instability. Causes are multifactorial, cataract surgery being one of its causes. To evaluate changes in the tear film parameters (Schirmer’s I, Schirmer’s II and tear film breakup time) and to find out the factors influencing it following manual small incision cataract surgery.: A prospective observational study was carried out in 185 eyes of 185 patients aged ≥50 years with age related cataract without preoperative dry eye. All the patients were evaluated for the changes in the tear film parameters at prior to the study and post operative day 7, one month and at 3 months. Dry eye was predominantly seen in males (96, 51.89%). Majority of the patients were in the age groups 50-60 years (84, 45.4%). Dry eye was seen in 7% of patients. Majority had mild grade dry eyes (50, 79%). There was decline in the all tear film parameters peaked at seventh day followed by gradual increasing trend over one month till the last follow up. Statistically significant changes was seen in all the tear film parameters between preoperative and post operative visits (p&#60;0.001). Development of dry eye was correlated with older age, diabetes mellitus and duration of microscope light exposure time. Manual small incision cataract surgery can induce decline in tear film values in early post operative period with gradually increasing trend over time. Majority of patients had mild grade dry eyes.
Saving Eternity (and Divine Foreknowledge and Free Will): A Reply to Hasker
Authors: Rogers Katherin 
Published: March 2022

William Hasker and I disagree over whether or not appealing to a particular understanding of divine eternity can reconcile divine foreknowledge with libertarian human freedom. Hasker argues that if God had foreknowledge of a particular future choice, that choice cannot be free with libertarian freedom. I hold, to the contrary, that, given a certain theory of time—the view that all times exist equally—it is possible to reconcile divine foreknowledge with libertarian freedom. In a recent article, “Can Eternity be Saved? A Comment on Stump and Rogers”, Hasker makes it clear that one of the fundamental disagreements between us lies in what each of us takes to be required for libertarian free will. In the present paper I outline the version of libertarianism that I find plausible, then explain how a libertarian free choice can be foreknown by God. (I call my approach “Anselmian”, in that it is based on my interpretation of the work of St. Anselm of Canterbury.) Then I will explain why Hasker finds this reconciliation unacceptable since it fails to do justice to what he takes to be required for libertarian freedom. Finally, I will argue that Hasker is wrong to insist upon his analysis of free will.
Exploring students’ literacy of information technology in higher education: Platforms and usage
Authors: Arifin Zainal , Setiawan Budi 
Published: March 2022

At present time, information technology (IT) is widely used in society. At any level of school, students use them for a variety of reasons to find, share, and discuss specific topics. By using technology, integrating IT into the basic professional learning curriculum course has not been created into a new format of instructional design. The purpose of this study is to find out how students feel about the platform and how they use technology in a basic professional learning curriculum course. It is a quantitative descriptive research that assesses students' perceptions of information technology in relation to specific topics. According to the findings of the study, the majority of students in the age range of 20–21 years stated that the most appropriate platform to be integrated in the basic professional learning curriculum course and learning efficiency was achieved for the majority of them by the age range of the respondents from 17 to 19 years. IT has infiltrated virtually every facet of society, including education. It is envisaged that the findings of this study would be used as a foundation for the development of IT integration in basic professional learning curriculum courses in order to maximize student learning outcomes.

Keywords: Students' perception, curriculum course, information technology, platform, usage
Development of cartoon art learning media (CALM) to improve children’s conflict resolution skill
Authors: Dewi Sinta Maria , Maftuh Bunyamin , Sapriya Sapriya , Syaodih Ernawulan 
Published: March 2022

The aim of this study was to develop Cartoon Art Learning Media (CALM) to improve children’s conflict resolution skill. The research method used was ADDIE (Analysing, Designing, Developing, Implementing and Evaluating) model. The subjects in this study were 27 (first trial) and 43 (second trial) fifth-grade students (with an average age of 11-12 years) at one of the public elementary schools in Karawang, West Java, Indonesia. The data collection instruments were in the form of a questionnaire, an assessment instrument and a conflict resolution ability test for fifth-grade elementary school students. The data analysis used is percentage and paired two-sample t-test for the mean to see the difference in the test results. In the evaluating stage, CALM was valid and effective to use based on experts’ validation and trial results. Thus, it can be concluded that CALM can be used to improve children’s conflict resolution skill.

Keywords: ADDIE, cartoon, children, conflict, media
Enhancement of scientific research function of future teachers in modern education system
Authors: Lyailya Imankulova , Amangeldi Kurmanbay , Lyailya Bakirova , Seidaliyeva G , Gulnar Aizhanova , Erzhan Ergeshov 
Published: March 2022

The global trend of accelerating scientific and technological progress, the introduction of information technologies, and the transformation of the vocational education system require the development of professional and general cultural competencies in future specialists. The purpose of the study was to scientifically substantiate, create and experimentally test a theoretical model of the formation of a research function in future teachers of vocational training. The methods employed in this research was complementary research methods: theoretical (analysis of scientific literature on the research problem; theoretical modeling, analysis, generalization, comparison, systematization, construction of the process of forming scientific and professional competencies of future teachers); empirical (questionnaire, interview, testing, cross-sectional method); statistical (processing of research materials, primary statistical processing, correlation analysis, analysis of the results of experimental activities). The result of this study showed that the problem of studying and designing a system of pedagogical conditions for the formation of research culture is relevant in the context of the introduction of innovative technologies.

Keywords: Future teachers; scientific research; modern education system.
Dual education conditions for pedagogical bases of specialists inclusive training
Authors: Zhaksylykovna Parmankulova Perizat , Abdrazahovna Zholdasbekova Saule , Oralbaykyzy Nurzhanbayeva Zhanat , Baidullayevich Saipov Amangeldi , Zhiyentayevna Zhiyentaev Begaim , Zhazira Kuanyshbayeva 
Published: March 2022

One of the key problems of training a new type of specialist is the problem of forming appropriate inclusive competencies among students of pedagogical colleges. The article deals with the scientific and pedagogical bases of inclusive training of future specialists in the conditions of dual education. The work is based on the idea that the introduction of elements of the dual system of teaching students of pedagogical specialties will contribute to the qualitative development of student's general and inclusive training in the specialty, as well as the acquisition of practical skills in the relevant field directly in the educational organization. The study collected data through an experiment that included128 students and 10 representatives of employers. Data were analyzed using percentages and a pie chart. Results proved that the dual training system as a product of social partnership is an effective and flexible mechanism for training highly qualified specialists who can solve complex production tasks.

Keywords: Dual education; inclusive training; pedagogical.
KONSEP INSAN KAMIL MENURUT PEMIKIRAN KOMARUDDIN HIDAYAT (Analisis Buku Psikologi Kematian)
Authors: Mhd Nurdin  
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini berangkat dari istilah manusia adalah makhluk yang unik dan memiliki banyak kelebihan dari pada makhluk lainnya, berkembang menuju tingkat kesempurnaan dan kesejahteraan. Sejumlah pemikir berusaha untuk mencari pemecahan sebagai usaha memperbaiki dan meningkatkan kualitas diri. Salah satunya yang dikaji oleh Komaruddin Hidayat tentang konsep yang asosiasikan sebagai prototipe Insan Kamil yang diramu sedemikian rupa dalam tasawufnya. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kepustakaan (library research) dengan metode deskriptif-analisis kritis, dalam penelitian ini menggunakan studi pemikiran tokoh. Sumber sumber primer penelitian ini adalah karya-karya Komaruddin Hidayat yang terkait dengan jalan menuju Insan Kamil, seperti: Psikologi Kematian, Psikologi Kematian 2, Mengenai Jejak-Jejak Kehidupan, Psikologi Kebahagiaan.dan lain-lain. Adapun sumber sekunder penelitian ini adalah referensi-referensi yang berkaitan dengan penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian ini menggunakan teknik analisis deskripsi analitik, sehingga menghasilkan konsep yang diasosiasikan Komaruddin Hidayat sebagai prototipe Insan Kamil ada 7, yaitu: Muraqib, Zakir , Zahid, Rasional, Menonjolkan Rohani, Pecinta, dan Mendekati Tuhan Dengan Cinta.
PENGGUNAAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN CONTEXTUAL THEACING LEARNING (CTL) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN BELAJAR MATERI BERWUDHU KELAS I SDN KALIANGET BARAT III KABUPATEN SUMENEP
Authors: Sutrisno Tri 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
This research activity procedurally uses the Classroom Action Research (CAR) design. The results of the study, the use of the Contextual Theacing Learning (CTL) learning model can improve learning skills about ablution in grade 1 students of SDN Kalianget Barat III Sumenep Regency. This can be seen in the increase in the average value of learning skills in cycle I and cycle II, namely cycle-1 70.1 and cycle-2 89.96, it is seen that almost all students are skilled in performing ablution movements. This means that learning with the Contextual Theacing Learning (CTL) method can improve learning skills.
Analisis Berpikir Siswa dalam Memecahkan Masalah Segiempat Berdasarkan Level van Hiele
Authors: Giovanni Leady Dione alfa , Susanto Susanto , Yudianto Erfan 
Published: April 2022

The reason behind this research is the low mathematical ability of the students in geometry. They think that geometry is difficult to comprehend, so that we need a lesson from the teacher in order to make students interested in studying geometry. In order to create interesting learning, teachers need to see students' thinking. Therefore, this research aims to determine students’ thinking ability in solving quadrilateral using Polya’s problem solving steps associated with level descriptors of Van Hiele. This research employed qualitative descriptive study. The subjects of this research were 2 students from each level of visualization, analysis, informal deduction, and 1 student from level of rigor. The initial step of this research was determining the research subject by administering a test, then proceeded by giving a geometry practice test and interviews. The results showed that the students at the visualization and informal deduction both met the indicators of planning, solving, and explaining problems coherently, students at the level of informal deduction also fulfilled the indicators involving previously acquired knowledge to solve problems, the students at the analys level could not fulfill the indicators of analys level, and the students at the rigor level fulfilled one indicator which was using logic in the step of implementing plan.
Sobre la formación del jurista del siglo XXI (un retablo más o menos utópico con Bolonia como fondo)
Authors: Martín Rebollo Luis 
Published: March 2022

luis.martin@unican.es
El presente trabajo pretende ser una reflexión personal acerca de la formación del jurista en la Universidad; sobre lo que se «puede» y lo que se «debe» enseñar o aprender. El autor defiende que más que conocimientos concretos –aunque algunos sean siempre necesarios– lo importante es aprender a moverse por un Ordenamiento plural, asumir los valores que subyacen en él, entender los aspectos centrales o generales sin descender a detalles marginales y aprender a razonar y a exponer oralmente o por escrito una proposición o pensamiento. Esa perspectiva subjetiva, como cualquier otra, está condicionada por lo que se pretenda que sea el objetivo a conseguir, es decir, las finalidades de la enseñanza (si directamente profesional o más generalista). Luego, sea cual sea esa finalidad, la formación está condicionada por los medios y condiciones ambientales: la organización de la universidad y los planes de estudio, pero, por encima de todo, por quienes sean los profesores, lo que abre un debate posterior acerca de su propia selección y formación ante el que el autor se muestra crítico y, en cierto modo, resignado.