bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quorum-sensing- and type VI secretion-mediated spatio-temporal cell death drives genetic diversity in Vibrio cholerae
Authors: Mashruwala Ameya A. , Qin Boyang , Bassler Bonnie L. 
Published: August 2022

SummaryBacterial colonies composed of genetically identical individuals can diversify to yield variant cells with distinct genotypes. Variant outgrowth manifests as sectors. Here, we show that Type 6 secretion system (T6SS)-driven cell death in Vibrio cholerae colonies imposes a selective pressure for the emergence of variant strains that can evade T6SS-mediated killing. T6SS-mediated cell death occurs in two distinct spatio-temporal phases, and each phase is driven by a particular T6SS toxin. The first phase is regulated by quorum sensing and drives sectoring. The second phase does not require the T6SS-injection machinery. Variant V. cholerae strains isolated from colony sectors encode mutated quorum-sensing components that confer growth advantages by suppressing T6SS-killing activity while simultaneously boosting T6SS-killing defenses. Our findings show that the T6SS can eliminate sibling cells suggesting a role in intra-specific antagonism. We propose that quorum-sensing-controlled T6SS-driven killing promotes V. cholerae genetic diversity, including in natural habitats and during disease.
Distinct roles of the two SEC scaffold proteins, AFF1 and AFF4, in regulating RNA Pol II transcription elongation
Authors: Che Zhuanzhuan , Liu Xiaoxu , Dai Qian , Fang Ke , Guo Chenghao , Yue Junjie , Fang Haitong , Xie Peng , Luo Zhuojuan , Lin Chengqi 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe P-TEFb-containing super elongation complex (SEC) plays the essential role in transcriptional elongation control. The AF4/FMR2 family members AFF1 and AFF4 are the central scaffold proteins of SEC, associated with different human diseases. However, their specific roles in transcriptional control remain unclear. Here, we report that AFF1 and AFF4 show distinct genomic distribution patterns around TSS. AFF1 mainly binds upstream of TSS, while AFF4 is enriched downstream of TSS. Pol II occupancies are reduced genome-widely after depletion of AFF1, but not AFF4. Interestingly, in a subset of active genes with strong AFF4 binding signature, AFF4 disruption causes slow elongation and early termination, while AFF1 deletion mirrors the transcriptional defects observed in the fast Pol II mutant. Furthermore, AFF4 knockdown leads to increased AFF1 levels at chromatin, and vice versa. In summary, our data demonstrate that AFF1 and AFF4 function, to some extent, antagonistically to ensure proper Pol II transcription.
Assessing the intrageneric environmental boundaries of the extremophilic cyanobacterium Chroococcidiopsis (Pleurocapsales) and its implications for space exploration
Authors: Cumbers John R. , Rothschild Lynn J. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe cyanobacterium Chroococcidiopsis contains species found in extreme environments, thus providing the opportunity to study adaptation to a range of environments within the confines of a single genus. Due to its extremophilic nature, it has attracted attention for space settlement as well as a model for life elsewhere. In this study, eight unialgal strains from diverse habitats, isolated in unialgal culture and grown in laboratory conditions, were characterized for their ability to survive a range of extreme environments including UVC (254 nm) radiation, oxidative damage, desiccation, and repeated freeze/thawing. The study revealed two previously uncharacterized saltwater isolates of Chroococcidiopsis that were more radiation resistant than most of the other isolates. Isolate CCMP 1991 from Hawaii survived up to 1750 J·m-2, and isolate CCMP 3184 from Samoa survived up to 1000 J·m-2 (254 nm UVR) compared with 250 J·m-2 for most other isolates tested. These two UV radiation-resistant isolates are closely related phylogenetically, but inhabit different environments. Each was further characterized for its ability to repair DNA damage as assessed by the repair of UV- induced thymine dimers and for oxidative damage tolerance via resistance to H2O2-induced (oxidative) damage. Both isolates repaired thymine dimers faster in the light than in the dark with the Hawaiian isolate repairing faster than the Samoan isolate in the light, suggesting repair by photoreactivation. The Hawaiian isolate was more tolerant to H2O2 exposure than the Samoan isolate, indicating a possible role for antioxidants in the protection of the cell. Both isolates were more tolerant than the other isolates tested to freeze/thawing in liquid nitrogen, which is also known to cause DNA damage. Spectral absorbance scans were performed to detect pigments in each isolate. While all showed peaks likely to be chlorophyll a, carotenoids, phycocyanin, scytonemin and MAAs, the Hawaiian isolate contained a pigment that absorbed at around 325 nm that none of the other isolates contained. Although this pigment is outside the range of UVC absorbance, it is hypothesized that it may play a role in DNA protection as a UV sunscreen or as an antioxidant. The phenotypic similarities in radiation resistance and freeze/thawing resistance among the Hawaiian, Somoan and Negev isolates appear to be the result of environmental adaptation rather than phylogenetic markers as the first of these have been previously shown to be part of a saltwater clade, while the Negev strain falls within a freshwater clade. As pigmentation, and likely resistance to other environmental conditions, can be induced, these data provide a baseline study of strains in an uninduced state. Thus, the true environmental limits to Chroococcidiopsis likely go beyond our current knowledge. The implications of this is discussed in relation to space exploration
Heat inactivation of the Monkeypoxvirus
Authors: Batéjat Christophe , Grassin Quentin , Feher Maxence , Hoinard Damien , Vanhomwegen Jessica , Manuguerra Jean-Claude , Leclercq India 
Published: August 2022

AbstractDifferent kinds of media spiked with Monkeypoxvirus (MPXV) were subjected to heat inactivation at different temperatures, for various periods of time. Our results showed that MPXV was inactivated in less than 5 min at 70 °C and in less than 15 min at 60 °C, with no difference between virus from West African and Central African clades. Such indications could help laboratory workers to manipulate the virus in optimal biosafety conditions and improve their protocols.
An optimised transformation protocol forAnthoceros agrestisand three more hornwort species
Authors: Waller Manuel , Frangedakis Eftychios , Marron Alan , Sauret-Gueto Susanna , Rever Jenna , Sabbagh Cyrus Raja Rubenstein , Hibberd Julian M. , Haseloff Jim , Renzaglia Karen , Szövényi Péter 
Published: August 2022

AbstractLand plants comprise two large monophyletic lineages, the vascular plants and the bryophytes, which diverged from their most recent common ancestor approximately 480 million years ago. Of the three lineages of bryophytes, only the mosses and the liverworts are systematically investigated, while the hornworts are understudied. Despite their importance for understanding fundamental questions of land plant evolution, they only recently became amenable to experimental investigation, withAnthoceros agrestisbeing developed as a hornwort model system. Availability of a high quality genome assembly and a recently developed genetic transformation technique makesA. agrestisan attractive model species for hornworts. Here we describe an updated and optimised transformation protocol forA. agrestiswhich can be successfully used to genetically modify one more strain ofA. agrestisand three more hornwort species,Anthoceros punctatus, Leiosporoceros dussiandPhaeoceros carolinianus.The new transformation method is less laborious, faster and results in the generation of greatly increased numbers of transformants compared to the previous method. We have also developed a new selection marker for transformation. Finally, we report the development of a set of different cellular localisation signal peptides for hornworts providing new tools to better understand hornwort cell biology.
The degree of responsiveness of fiscal and monetary policy in Sierra Leone
Authors: Turay Alhassan , Seraj Mehdi , Özdeşer Hüseyin 
Published: August 2022

PurposeThe degree of responsiveness of fiscal and monetary policy mechanisms that promote growth and development in Sierra Leone is the subject of this article.Design/methodology/approachThis article uses both the Auto Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model presented by Hashem and Yongcheol (1998) and the Non-Linear Auto Regressive Distributed Lag (NARDL) model by Shin et al. (2014) to analyze annual time-series data in evaluating the asymmetric effect of real gross domestic product (RGDP), inflation, government expenditure and money supply using annual time-series data for 40 observations over the period 1980–2019.FindingsThe augmented Dickey–Fuller unit root test shows that money supply, government spending and consumer price index are integrated at first difference I (1), while RGDP is stationary at level I (0). The results of the NARDL cointegration test indicate that the variables are cointegrated. The study shows that government expenditure is a positive function of both positive and negative changes. Hence, both positive and negative cumulative sum government expenditures improve economic growth but show a relative weak asymmetric effect with the regressand. This study also reveals that inflation is a negative function of both positive and negative changes with asymmetric effect with the dependent variable. This study shows that the positive change of money supply is statistically insignificant in boosting economic growth, while the negative change positively improves economic growth. Conclusively, this article shows that fiscal policy has a greater and more responsive than monetary policy in promoting growth and development in Sierra Leone. The result of the error correction term of the NARDL model shows a high spend of adjustment of 135% from any disequilibrium of GDP imbalance in the economy.Originality/valueTo address the problem of fiscal dominance in Sierra Leone, this study recommends that fiscal and monetary policies should be coordinated simultaneously and to an appropriate extent to achieve the desired outcome in growth and development.
Evaluating approaches using the Grey-TOPSIS for sustainable supply chain collaboration under risk and uncertainty
Authors: Prakash Surya , Kumar Sameer , Soni Gunjan , Jain Vipul , Dev Saty , Chandra Charu 
Published: August 2022

PurposeCollaboration methods are unique strategies that can help organizations hedge against external and internal supply chain risks without stressing their relationships with supply chain partners. However, selecting the most appropriate collaboration method from a given set of strategies is a multifaceted challenge. This paper aims to address this issue.Design/methodology/approachThe decision maker's dilemma of fighting data uncertainty in input parameters to check the efficacy of a given collaboration or mitigation approach is tackled by the integration of Grey theory with the technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) method. The proposed technique is applied and tested for an Indian diesel generator-set manufacturer to identify the most apposite set of sustainable collaboration strategies.FindingsThe results showed that when a firm is bidding for different horizontal collaboration strategies across its supply chain system technology and resource-sharing-centered collaboration strategies are the prominent option. In the case of the company's vertical collaboration deployment, the focus should be kept on information sharing to achieve impactful collaboration. The outcome of the analysis helped the Indian manufacturer to adopt transparent order and production information sharing with its regional distributors and core suppliers within its supply chain.Originality/valueThis study demonstrates from a methodological perspective the successful application of the Grey-TOPSIS approach that effectively captures data uncertainty. It also integrates sustainability parameters in collaboration strategy criteria selections.
The expectations of employability skills in the Fourth Industrial Revolution of the communication and media industry in Malaysia
Authors: Ahmad Tajuddin Siti Nor Amalina , Bahari Khairul Azam , Al Majdhoub Fatima M. , Balraj Baboo Shanthi , Samson Harlina 
Published: August 2022

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the industry's expectations on the key employability skills of fresh graduates in the communication and media industry. The Fourth Industrial Revolution has raised the question of whether the university should produce work-ready graduates with employability skills. Driven by the theory of human capital, society expects higher education to produce graduates with skills that are useful in their workplace.Design/methodology/approachThe data were gathered primarily through a quantitative survey, which was later extended to include qualitative interviews. Quantitatively, questionnaires were completed by 313 employers from the middle and top-level management from the communication and media industry. This study also expands on qualitative data through in-depth interviews with nine respondents who were among key decision-makers of recruiting graduates to garner their insights on required employability skills.FindingsThe findings revealed the following employability skills required by the industry in the Fourth Industrial Revolution: communication, ICT or digital, leadership, interpersonal, and personal qualities skills.Research limitations/implicationsThese findings are beneficial to education providers as well as media and communication industries in preparing students and developing their skills to adapt to the changes in the workplace.Originality/valueThe authors provide an empirical understanding of industry expectations towards employability skills in the Fourth Industrial Revolution of the communication and media industry within the Malaysian context.
A systematic and bibliometric review of the financial well-being: advancements in the current status and future research agenda
Authors: Singh Dharmendra , Malik Garima 
Published: August 2022

PurposeAchieving financial well-being is essential for individuals, families and countries as it leads to life satisfaction and happiness. This study synthesizes and identifies financial well-being’s key areas and dimensions using a blended systematic literature review and bibliometric analysis approach.Design/methodology/approachThe authors systematically study a sample of 467 articles from the Scopus database to identify the research trend regarding financial well-being during the last 25 years (1997–2021). Various graphs and networks are presented to understand the publication trends, influential papers, conceptual and intellectual structures and research collaboration status.FindingsFour clusters in the field of financial well-being were found: conceptualization and antecedents of financial well-being, financial well-being of young adults, the relationship between financial literacy and financial well-being and consequences of financial well-being. Further, emerging themes in financial well-being were identified with a content analysis of the papers published during the last five years.Practical implicationsThis study will help financial planners, regulatory bodies and academic researchers in getting a better understanding of financial well-being and in identifying potential areas for future research.Originality/valuePrior to this study, no such comprehensive bibliometric analysis on financial well-being has been carried out to the best of the authors' knowledge. This gap motivated the authors to combine quantitative and qualitative methods to review the published research and do a content analysis, to identify prominent authors and publications.
Assessment of susceptibility of buildings with different façade finishes to microbial decay in the hot-humid tropical environment of Enugu, southeast Nigeria
Authors: Uzuegbunam Francis O. , Isiofia Lawrence A. , Ibem Eziyi O. 
Published: August 2022

PurposeBuildings respond differently to microbial invasion depending on the design, type of construction materials and finishes used and extent of exposure to climatic factors. However, in the hot-humid tropical environment of Nigeria, much is not known about how buildings with different types of façade finishes or claddings are liable to microbial decay. The purpose of this research is to investigate the susceptibility of buildings with different types of façade finishes to microbial decay in Enugu metropolis, southeast Nigeria.Design/methodology/approachA survey involving physical observation of purposively selected 383 buildings and questionnaire administration to their owners was carried out in the study area. The data were subjected to descriptive and logistic regression analyses.FindingsMost of the 383 buildings sampled were less than 41 year and 47% of them had painted façade finishes followed by 25.1% with cementitious finishes. Around 63.4% of the buildings had their façade finishes or claddings colonised by microbes. Older buildings of 15 years and above and those with cementitious materials and paints as their predominant façade finishes were more likely to experience microbial decay than newer ones and those having refractory bricks, ceramic tiles, aluminium composite materials and plastics/polymers as their predominant façade finishes or claddings.Practical implicationsThe study identifies the categories of buildings that are likely to be more susceptible to microbial decay; and thus contributes to research on how to slow down the rate of biodeterioration of building façade finishes or claddings in the hot-humid tropical environments.Originality/valueThis is the first study on the susceptibility of buildings with different types of façade finishes or claddings to microbial decay in the hot-humid tropical environment of Enugu metropolis, southeast Nigeria. It also provides a clue on the age at which buildings become more vulnerable to microbial decay in the study area.
Burnout and counterproductive workplace behaviours among frontline hospitality employees: the effect of perceived contract precarity
Authors: Wallace Elaine , Coughlan Joseph 
Published: August 2022

Purpose
This study aims to investigate affective commitment (ACS) and leader–member exchange (LMX) as resources mitigating against burnout and counterproductive work behaviours (CWBs) in the hospitality sector, and examines the effect of zero-hour contracts on these relationships.

Design/methodology/approach
Through conservation of resources theory, this study tests a framework exploring ACS and LMX as resources against burnout and CWBs, using a data set of 260 frontline hospitality employees working in Ireland, considering zero-hour contracts as a moderator.

Findings
Findings indicate that burnout is associated with CWB, and ACS and LMX are resources against burnout and CWB. Furthermore, zero-hour contract perceptions moderate the resource effect of ACS and LMX. Yet, zero-hour contract perceptions do not moderate the relationship between burnout and CWB, indicating these employees may be caught in a resource-loss spiral.

Practical implications
This study proposes mechanisms to enhance resources against burnout, with specific strategies to support young employees who are more likely to experience burnout. As findings suggest unique negative impacts of burnout for employees on zero-hour contracts, this paper also provides guidance to support these vulnerable employees.

Originality/value
This study provides unique insights into hospitality employees’ ability to harness resources against burnout and CWB consequences of burnout. The results indicate that perceived precarity does not moderate these relationships, suggesting that burnout affects this cohort differently.
A reflection on the Great Resignation in the hospitality and tourism industry
Authors: Liu-Lastres Bingjie , Wen Han , Huang Wei-Jue 
Published: August 2022

Purpose
This paper aims to provide a critical reflection on the Great Resignation in the hospitality and tourism industry in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic. Specifically, this paper reviews the causes and effects of the Great Resignation, addresses the labor shortage in this industry and proposes strategies that can help manage the challenges.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper is based on a critical analysis of emerging phenomena, related literature and researchers’ experiences and insights.

Findings
The Great Resignation has presented unprecedented challenges for the hospitality and tourism industry. A closer examination reveals that the pandemic has served as a catalyst rather than a leading cause of this trend. Workforce issues are becoming increasingly complex under contemporary influences, including internal elements such as new explications at work and external factors like the gig economy and technology implementation.

Practical implications
This study provides practical implications on how Hospitality and Tourism practitioners can respond to the Great Resignation on micro, meso and macro levels. The practical implications revolve around employees’ changing needs and preferences in the wave of Great Resignation, as well as the necessity for employers’ reflection and improvement.

Originality/value
This study marks an initial attempt to provide a critical assessment of a contemporary issue involving the Great Resignation. This paper extends its discussion through an advanced analysis of the issue, offers suggestions to manage current obstacles related to labor issues in hospitality and tourism, and illuminates future research directions.
Factors influencing green hotel revisit intentions after the COVID-19 in Bangladesh
Authors: Hasan Abdulla Al-Towfiq , Rahman Md Takibur 
Published: August 2022

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to explore the factors influencing customers’ revisit intentions of green hotels after the COVID-19 pandemic.

Design/methodology/approach
The study is based on the existing literatures and interviews of 404 respondents visiting hotels after the pandemic. The partial least square structural equation modeling is used to analyze the data.

Findings
The findings show that green attitude, green personality and personal norms significantly influence post-COVID-19 green hotel revisit intentions.

Practical implications
The findings of the study may be useful to hotel operators in formulating focused business strategies improving customers’ green hotel revisit intentions and coping with the new normal business environment of the hospitality industry.

Originality/value
The study presents a unique case highlighting how the hospitality business is changing after the COVID-19 pandemic. The study provides important insights for industry operators by integrating attitudes, personality and norms of the customers in examining the green hotels revisit intentions.