bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Fate of DIET Consortium exposed to continuous and intermittent electrochemical stimulation
Authors: Yee Mon Oo , Ottosen Lars D.M. , Rotaru Amelia-Elena 
Published: March 2022

AbstractElectromethanogenesis is the electrochemical conversion of carbon dioxide (CO2) to methane (CH4) with microorganisms as catalysts, and it is a promising approach for biogas upgrading. Many studies have shown increased methane production by electrochemical stimulation, allegedly due to the enhancement of direct interspecies electron transfer (DIET) between electrogenic bacteria and methanogens. However, these studies were done with mixed cultures where the interspecies interactions were undefined, so the impact of an electrochemical stimulus on these interactions remains unresolved. Here we report that an electrochemical stimulus diminished the survival and activity of a defined DIET consortium. We investigated the impact of electrochemical stimulation on a co-culture of Geobacter metallireducens and Methanosarcina barkeri, where the two partners interact syntrophically via DIET. The electrochemical stimulus was a cathode poised at - 700 mV (versus the standard hydrogen electrode, SHE). Electrochemical stimulation was provided either continuously or intermittently, and so was the food substrate. Compared to the untreated DIET co-culture, all treatment strategies relying on cathodic current additions resulted in acetate accumulation, lower methane production and lower cell numbers for both partners, indicating a detrimental impact of electrochemical stimulation to a DIET consortium. These findings suggest that future bioelectrochemical technologies must guarantee the survival of the syntrophic partners during current additions.
Homophilic wiring principles underpin neuronal network topologyin vitro
Authors: Akarca Danyal , Dunn Alexander W. E. , Hornauer Philipp J. , Ronchi Silvia , Fiscella Michele , Wang Congwei , Terrigno Marco , Jagasia Ravi , Vértes Petra E. , Mierau Susanna B. , Paulsen Ole , Eglen Stephen J. , Hierlemann Andreas , Astle Duncan E. , Schröter Manuel 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACTEconomic efficiency has been a popular explanation for how networks self-organize within the developing nervous system. However, the precise nature of the economic negotiations governing this putative organizational principle remains unclear. Here, we address this question further by combining large-scale electrophysiological recordings, to characterize the functional connectivity of developing neuronal networksin vitro, with a generative modeling approach capable of simulating network formation. We find that the best fitting model uses a homophilic generative wiring principle in which neurons form connections to other neurons which are spatially proximal and have similar connectivity patterns to themselves. Homophilic generative models outperform more canonical models in which neurons wire depending upon their spatial proximity either alone or in combination with the extent of their local connectivity. This homophily-based mechanism for neuronal network emergence accounts for a wide range of observations that are described, but not sufficiently explained, by traditional analyses of network topology. Using rodent and human monolayer and organoid cultures, we show that homophilic generative mechanisms can accurately recapitulate the topology of emerging cellular functional connectivity, representing an important wiring principle and determining factor of neuronal network formationin vitro.
Genetic diversity and characterization of circular replication(Rep)-encoding single-stranded (CRESS) DNA viruses
Authors: Desingu Perumal Arumugam , Nagarajan K. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe CRESS-DNA viruses are the ubiquitous virus detected in almost all eukaryotic life trees and play an essential role in the maintaining ecosystem of the globe. Still, their genetic diversity is not fully understood. Here we bring to light the genetic diversity of Replication (Rep) and Capsid (Cap) proteins of CRESS-DNA viruses. We divided the Rep protein of the CRESS-DNA virus into ten clusters using CLANS and phylogenetic analyzes. Also, most of the Rep protein in Rep cluster 1 (R1) and R2 (Circoviridae, Smacoviridae, Nanoviridae, and CRESSV1-5) contain the Viral_Rep superfamily and P-loop_NTPase superfamily domains, while the Rep protein of viruses in other clusters has no such characterized functional domain. The Circoviridae, Nanoviridae, and CRESSV1-3 viruses contain two domains, such as Viral_Rep and P-loop_NTPase; the CRESSV4 and CRESSV5 viruses have only the Viral_Rep domain, and most of the sequences in the pCRESS-related group have only P-loop_NTPase, and Smacoviridae do not have these two domains. Further, we divided the Cap protein of the CRESS-DNA virus into 20 clusters using CLANS and phylogenetic analyzes. The Rep and Cap proteins of Circoviridae and Smacoviridae are grouped into a specific cluster. Cap protein of CRESS-DNA viruses grouped with one cluster and Rep protein with another cluster. Further, our study reveals that selection pressure plays a significant role in the evolution of CRESS-DNA viruses’ Rep and Cap genes rather than mutational pressure. We hope this study will help determine the genetic diversity of CRESS-DNA viruses as more sequences are discovered in the future.ImportanceThe genetic diversity of CRESS-DNA viruses is not fully understood. CRESS-DNA viruses are classified as CRESSV1 to CRESSV6 using only Rep protein. This study revealed that the Rep protein of the CRESS-DNA viruses is classified as CRESSV1 to CRESSV6 groups and the new Smacoviridae-related, CRESSV2-related pCRESS-related, Circoviridae-related, and 1 to 4 outgroups, according to the Viral_Rep and P-loop_NTPase domain organization, CLANS, and phylogenetic analysis. Furthermore, for the first time in this study, the Cap protein of CRESS-DNA viruses was classified into 20 distinct clusters by CLANS and phylogenetic analysis. Through this classification, the genetic diversity of CRESS-DNA viruses clarifies the possibility of recombinations in Cap and Rep proteins. Finally, it has been shown that selection pressure plays a significant role in the evolution and genetic diversity of Cap and Rep proteins. This study explains the genetic diversity of CRESS-DNA viruses and hopes that it will help classify future detected viruses.
Structural variation turnovers and defective genomes: key drivers for the in vitro evolution of the large double-stranded DNA koi herpesvirus (KHV)
Authors: Fuandila Nurul Novelia , Gosselin-Grenet Anne-Sophie , Tilak Marie-Ka , Bergmann Sven M , Escoubas Jean-Michel , Klafack Sandro , Lusiastuti Angela Mariana , Yuhana Munti , Fiston-Lavier Anna-Sophie , Avarre Jean-Christophe , Cherif Emira 
Published: March 2022

AbstractStructural variations (SVs) constitute a significant source of genetic variability in virus genomes. Yet knowledge about SV variability and contribution to the evolutionary process in large double-stranded (ds)DNA viruses is limited. Cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (CyHV-3), also commonly known as koi herpesvirus (KHV), has the largest dsDNA genome within herpesviruses. This virus has become one of the biggest threats to common carp and koi farming, resulting in high morbidity and mortalities of fishes, serious environmental damage, and severe economic losses. A previous study analyzing CyHV-3 virulence evolution during serial passages onto carp cell cultures suggested that CyHV-3 evolves, at leastin vitro, through an assembly of haplotypes that alternatively become dominant or under-represented. The present study investigates the SV diversity and dynamics in CyHV-3 genome during 99 serial passages in cell culture using, for the first time, ultra-deep whole-genome and amplicon-based sequencing. The results indicate that KHV polymorphism mostly involves SVs. These SVs display a wide distribution along the genome and exhibit high turnover dynamics with a clear bias towards inversion and deletion events. Analysis of the pathogenesis-associated ORF150 region in ten intermediate cell passages highlighted mainly deletion, inversion and insertion variations that deeply altered the structure of ORF150. Our findings indicate that SV turnovers and defective genomes represent key drivers in the viral population dynamics and in vitro evolution of KHV. Thus, the present study can contribute to the basic research needed to design safe live-attenuated vaccines, classically obtained by viral attenuation after serial passages in cell culture.
Domain fusion TLR2-4 enhances the autophagy-dependent clearance of Staphylococcus aureus in the genetic engineering goat generated by CRISPR/Cas9
Authors: Wang Mengyao , Qi Yu , Cao Yutao , Zhang Xiaosheng , Wang Yongsheng , Liu Qingyou , Zhang Jinglong , Zhou Guangbin , Ai Yue , Wei Shao , Wang Linli , Liu Guoshi , Lian Zhengxing , Han Hongbing 
Published: March 2022

AbstractStaphylococcus aureus infections pose a potential threat to livestock production and public health. A novel strategy is needed to control S. aureus infection due to its adaptive evolution to antibiotics. Autophagy plays a key role in degrading bacteria for innate immune cells. In order to promote S. aureus clearance via TLR induced autophagy pathway, the domain fusion TLR2-4 with the extracellular domain of TLR2, specific recognizing S. aureus, and transmembrane and intracellular domains of TLR4 is assembled, then the goats expressing TLR2-4 is generated. TLR2-4 substantially augments the removal of S. aureus within macrophages by elevating autophagy level. Phosphorylated JNK/ERK1/2 promote LC3- puncta in TLR2-4 macrophages during S. aureus-induced autophagy via MyD88-mediated the TAK1 signaling cascade. Meantime, the TRIF-dependent TBK1-TFEB-OPTN signaling is involved in TLR2-4-triggered autophagy after S. aureus challenge. Moreover, the transcript of ATG5 and ATG12 is significantly increased via cAMP-PKA-NF-κB signaling, which facilitates S. aureus-induced autophagy in TLR2-4 macrophages. Overall, the novel receptor TLR2-4 enhances the autophagy-dependent clearance of S. aureus in macrophages via TAK1/TBK1-JNK/ERK, TBK1-TFEB-OPTN and cAMP-PKA-NF-κB-ATGs signaling pathways, which provide an alternative approach to resistant against S. aureus infection.
A holistic assessment of a stiffened panel production using a novel thermoplastic material and implementing the induction welding process
Authors: Katsiropoulos Christos , Pantelakis Spyros , Felline Francesca , Buccoliero Giuseppe , Pappada Silvio 
Published: March 2022

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the feasibility to produce a novel aircraft full stiffened panel using entirely a new hybrid thermoplastic composite material allowing for appreciably lower processing temperatures as compared to conventional structural thermoplastic composites.

Design/methodology/approach
For stiffening the fuselage skin panel, the out of autoclave welding of four composite stringers was obtained using a modified induction welding (IW) process. The quality of the welds was investigated using micro-tomography and the mechanical strength of the lap joints was assessed by means of single-lap shear strength (SLSS) tests. Moreover, a holistic design index was implemented as a decision support tool for selecting the optimal set of IW process parameters. Based on the index used, the quality as well as the entire life cycle cost and environmental impact are accounted for.

Findings
Low porosity values as well as no deconsolidation were observed at the investigated application, and the average measured SLSS, even found lower, lies within the range of the respective values encountered in other similar high-performance applications. It is exhibited that after the optimization, the IW process offers significant potential to replace the autoclave process in welding applications. Thus, it paves the way for reduced cost and increased sustainability, while still meeting the predefined quality constraints.

Originality/value
Although several studies on the IW application have been conducted, limited results exist by using novel thermoplastic materials for aircraft structural applications.
Relevance of blockchain technology and the management of libraries and archives in the 4IR
Authors: Tella Adeyinka , Amuda Halimah Odunayo , Ajani Yusuf Ayodeji 
Published: March 2022

Purpose
This study aims to examine the awareness and perception of the relevance of blockchain technology in the management of libraries and archives in the fourth industrial revolution in a developing country, Nigeria.

Design/methodology/approach
Ten system librarians selected from five different libraries and ten archivists selected from five different archives in the Southwest geopolitical zone of Nigeria represent the sample for the study. The study adopted a purely qualitative approach where data was collected through an open-ended questionnaire mailed to the participants to guide against physical contact and maintained social distancing to observe COVID-19 protocol.

Findings
The results reveal that both the librarians and archivists are aware of blockchain technology, its adoption and use in libraries and archives. There is a positive perception about blockchain technology believing that it can assist libraries and archives in storing information in a distributed settings through gathering, preserving and sharing authoritative information, and supports archivists in creating a unique verifiable record that can be accessed by anyone in archives. Implementation, maintenance cost and difficulty in sustainability are identified as the challenges of blockchain adoption.

Research limitations/implications
This study is limited to one geopolitical zone of Nigeria which necessitates the need for further research on the similar subject matter in other geopolitical zones in Nigeria.

Practical implications
The findings of the study have identified the need for librarians and archivists to increase their awareness and develop a positive perception toward blockchain technologies.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first to research the relevance of blockchain technology in Nigerian libraries and archives. This paper reported the benefits libraries and archives could derive from the adoption of blockchain, and how such can improve effective services delivery to the satisfaction of the users of archives and libraries.
Corporate risk disclosure and key audit matters: the egocentric theory
Authors: Elmarzouky Mahmoud , Hussainey Khaled , Abdelfattah Tarek , Karim Atm Enayet 
Published: March 2022

Purpose
This paper aims to provide unique interdisciplinary research evidence between the risk information disclosed by auditors and the risk information disclosed by corporate managers. In particular, it investigates the association between the level of risk information disclosed by auditors (key audit matters [KAMs]) and the level of corporate narrative risk disclosure.

Design/methodology/approach
The study sample consists of the UK FTSE all-share non-financial firms across six financial years. The authors use a computer-aided textual analysis, and the authors use a bag of words to score the sample annual reports.

Findings
The results suggest that KAMs and corporate narrative risk disclosure levels vary across the industries. The authors found a significant positive association between the risk information disclosed by auditors and the risk information disclosed by corporate managers. Also, the authors found that FTSE 100 firms exhibit higher significance between the ongoing concern and the level of narrative risk disclosure.

Practical implications
The study approach helps assess the level of management risk reporting behaviour due to the new auditor risk reporting standards. This helps to emphasise how auditors and companies engage and communicate risk-related information to stakeholders. Standard setters should suggest a more detailed reporting framework to protect the shareholders. The unique findings are incredibly beneficial to the regulators, standard setters, investors, creditors, suppliers, customers, decision makers and academics.

Originality/value
This paper provides a shred of extraordinary evidence of the impact of auditor risk reporting and management risk reporting. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, no study has yet investigated the corporate narrative disclosure after the new audit standards ISA 700 and ISA 701.
How do beer prices vary across different pubs? An empirical study
Authors: Shakina Ekaterina , Cabras Ignazio 
Published: March 2022

Purpose
This paper aims to investigate the impact of pubs and breweries’ attributes on beer prices by exploring and examining the variation of beer prices across pubs in York, UK.

Design/methodology/approach
Data gathered from five surveys of pubs conducted between 2012 and 2020 are used to test six research hypotheses analysing how factors such as location, type of ownership and management of pubs, beers’ characteristics and breweries’ attributes affect beer prices in the on-licence market.

Findings
Beer packaging, type of brewery, pubs’ ownership and management all have a significant impact on beer prices, with beer on average cheaper in premises owned by pub companies and breweries compared to independently owned pubs.

Research limitations/implications
Findings can have implications in the first instance, on current fiscal policies affecting beer prices and, on a broader scale, regulating alcohol consumption.

Practical implications
Understanding beer price mechanisms in the pub sector offers valuable insights to practitioners and policymakers about designing and delivering policies and actions aimed at halting the decline of pubs in the UK.

Social implications
Findings provide original information relevant for developing initiatives aimed at preventing excessive alcohol consumption in private premises, an issue commonly associated with problems such as alcohol-related diseases, loneliness and antisocial behaviour.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first, providing an empirical analysis of beer price mechanisms within the pub sector at such a granular level; findings have important implications for pubs and on-licence businesses and for local communities and economies.
Familiarity, involvement, satisfaction and behavioral intentions: the case of an African-American cultural festival
Authors: Rivera Manuel Antonio , Shapoval Valeriya , Semrad Kelly , Medeiros Marcos 
Published: March 2022

PurposeThe study investigates how cultural festival attendees’ familiarity and involvement may influence their overall satisfaction and future behavioral intentions towards the festival.Design/methodology/approachA path analysis is used to test the proposed model. The Sobel test is performed to determine the mediating role of attendee satisfaction on future behavioral intentions.FindingsAttendee familiarity positively and directly impacts attendee involvement. Attendee satisfaction mediates the relationship between involvement and intention to return to the festival. The findings did not demonstrate a relationship between attendee involvement and intention to recommend the cultural festival. Attendees’ intention to return to the festival positively and directly impacts intention to recommend the festival.Practical implicationsFor repeat cultural festival attendees, satisfaction is influenced by festival familiarity and involvement. As attendees become more satisfied with their festival involvement, their decision to return to the festival increases. The mediation effect of satisfaction indicates that this should be a priority, as it fully mediates the relationships. However, this is not the case as it relates to the intentions to recommend the festival.Originality/valueThe study contributes to literature on the impact of familiarity and involvement on repeat attendee satisfaction levels and how these relationships influence attendees’ decisions to return or recommend the festival. It is one of the first studies that investigates actual behavior of festival attendees, specifically in the context of an African-American cultural festival.
How and when does renewable energy affect investors willing to invest?
Authors: Ali Rizwan , Hussain Rai Imtiaz , Hussain Dr Shahbaz 
Published: March 2022

PurposeThe present research study aims to explore the impact of renewable energy (RE) on investors willing to invest. This current study also investigates the mediation role of perceived benefit (PB) and living creature’s development (LCD) among RE and investors willing to invest.Design/methodology/approachPakistani per capita income level is low; usually, the population lives hand to mouth. Only 10% to 15% of the population has been saving and is willing to invest in different sectors. To meet the aim of this study, data were collected from 300 individuals with a 40% response rate investors, equity fund managers and Pakistani stock exchanges using a nonprobability convenient sampling approach. The partial least square structural equation modeling technique and Smart partial least squares 3.0 were used to determine the primary and medicating effects of the variables.FindingsThe analysis shows that RE and investor willing to invest strongly linked each other directly and indirectly. PB and LCD significantly partial mediate the connection among RE and investor willing to invest. Hence, the results suggest that RE has more sustainable development goals with using and accessing affordable green and reliable energy.Originality/valueThe present study narrows the research gap by examining the effect of RE on investor willing to invest via PB and LCD. Also, it provides essential information for effective energy policies contributed to the sustainable development goals and gives valuable suggestions for policymaker and government.
Learning to teach through Tong Ke Yi Gou: voices from pre-service language teachers
Authors: Yuan Rui , Liu Shuwen 
Published: March 2022

PurposeThe study explores how pre-service teachers engage in Tong Ke Yi Gou (“Same lesson and different design”) as a Chinese version of lesson study in a language teacher education course.Design/methodology/approachData were collected from multiple sources, including semi-structured interviews, field observations, as well as individual reflections constructed by the participants. The different data sources served to triangulate and enrich each other, shedding light on the student teachers’ learning experiences through lesson study.FindingsThe findings of the study reveal the participants’ enhanced motivation and participation through a process-oriented, collaborative design (i.e. joint lesson planning, micro-teaching, collaborative debrief and individual reflections). In addition, the participants engaged in constant comparisons at multiple levels, which collectively refined and expanded their pedagogical knowledge about language teaching. Such rich and collaborative experiences further contributed to their reflections on and for practice as future language teachers. On the other hand, the study also reveals the emotional challenges faced by some participants due to the competitive atmosphere brought by the comparative element embedded in the process of Tong Ke Yi Gou.Originality/valueThis study incorporates the mode of Tong Ke Yi Gou into a pre-service teacher education course in order to examine how it can benefit student teachers’ learning to teach. The findings highlight the power of “comparison” in promoting student teachers’ reflective and analytical thinking at multiple levels with practical implications for current pre-service teacher education programs.