bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bioprosthetic Total Artificial Heart in Autoregulated Mode Is Biologically Hemocompatible: Insights for Multimers of von Willebrand Factor
Authors: Poitier Bastien , Chocron Richard , Peronino Christophe , Philippe Aurélien , Pya Yuri , Rivet Nadia , Richez Ulysse , Bekbossynova Mahabbat , Gendron Nicolas , Grimmé Marc , Bories Marie Cécile , Brichet Julie , Capel Antoine , Rancic Jeanne , Vedie Benoit , Roussel Jean Christian , Jannot Anne-Sophie , Jansen Piet , Carpentier Alain , Ivak Peter , Latremouille Christian , Netuka Ivan , Smadja David M. 
Published: February 2022

Background:
Carmat bioprosthetic total artificial heart (Aeson; A-TAH) is a pulsatile and autoregulated device. The aim of this study is to evaluate level of hemolysis potential acquired von Willebrand syndrome after A-TAH implantation.

Methods:
We examined the presence of hemolysis and acquired von Willebrand syndrome in adult patients receiving A-TAH support (n=10) during their whole clinical follow-up in comparison with control subjects and adult patients receiving Heartmate II or Heartmate III support. We also performed a fluid structure interaction model coupled with computational fluid dynamics simulation to evaluate the A-TAH resulting shear stress and its distribution in the blood volume.

Results:

The cumulative duration of A-TAH support was 2087 days. A-TAH implantation did not affect plasma free hemoglobin over time, and there was no association between plasma free hemoglobin and cardiac output or beat rate. For VWF (von Willebrand factor) evaluation, A-TAH implantation did not modify multimers profile of VWF in contrast to Heartmate II and Heartmate III. Furthermore, fluid structure interaction coupled with computational fluid dynamics showed a gradually increase of blood damage according to increase of cardiac output (
P
<0.01), however, the blood volume fraction that endured significant shear stresses was always inferior to 0.03% of the volume for both ventricles in all regimens tested. An inverse association between cardiac output, beat rate, and high-molecular weight multimers ratio was found.

Conclusions:
We demonstrated that A-TAH does not cause hemolysis or AWVS. However, relationship between HMWM and cardiac output depending flow confirms relevance of VWF as a biological sensor of blood flow, even in normal range.
The structural shift and collaboration capacity in GenBank Networks: A longitudinal study
Authors: Qin Jian , Hemsley Jeff , Bratt Sarah E. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Metadata in scientific data repositories such as GenBank contain links between data submissions and related publications. As a new data source for studying collaboration networks, metadata in data repositories compensate for the limitations of publication-based research on collaboration networks. This paper reports the findings from a GenBank metadata analytics project. We used network science methods to uncover the structures and dynamics of GenBank collaboration networks from 1992–2018. The longitudinality and large scale of this data collection allowed us to unravel the evolution history of collaboration networks and identify the trend of flattening network structures over time and optimal assortative mixing range for enhancing collaboration capacity. By incorporating metadata from the data production stage with the publication stage, we uncovered new characteristics of collaboration networks as well as developed new metrics for assessing the effectiveness of enablers of collaboration—scientific and technical human capital, cyberinfrastructure, and science policy.
Nurses’ involvement in end-of-life decisions in neonatal intensive care units
Authors: Chatziioannidis Ilias , Pouliakis Abraham , Cuttini Marina , Boutsikou Theodora , Giougi Evangelia , Volaki Voula , Sokou Rozeta , Xanthos Theodoros , Iliodromiti Zoi , Iacovidou Nicoletta 
Published: February 2022

Background: End-of-life decision-making for terminally ill neonates raises important legal and ethical issues. In Greece, no recent data on nurses’ attitudes and involvement in end-of-life decisions are available. Research question/aim: To investigate neonatal nurses’ attitudes and involvement in end-of-life decisions and the relation to their socio-demographic and work-related background data. Research design: A survey was carried out in 28 neonatal intensive care units between September 2018 and January 2019. A structured questionnaire was distributed by post. Participants and research context: The questionnaire was answered anonymously by 312 nurses (response rate, 71.1%) and returned to the investigators. Ethical considerations: The study was approved by the Bioethics and Research Committee of Aretaieio Hospital in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration. Findings: Nurses more often reported involvement in various end-of-life decisions, such as continuation of treatment without adding further therapeutic interventions for terminally ill neonates, while less reported were mechanical ventilation withdrawal and drug administration to end life. Nurses with a high attitude score, reflecting a more quality-of-life approach, were more likely to be involved in setting limits to intensive care. α low score was consistent with life preservation. Nurses’ religiousness ( p = 0.097), parenthood ( p = 0.093), involvement in daily practice ( p = 0.03), and position on the existing legal framework ( p < 0.002) influenced their attitude score. Discussion: The likelihood of nurses to support interventions in neonates with poor prognosis in neonatal intensive care units was related to their attitudes. After adjusting for potential confounders, the most important predictors for nurses’ attitudes were parenthood, involvement in daily practice, and position supporting current legislation reform. Conclusion: Variability in involvement in end-of-life decisions among nurses exists on a national level.
The duty to care and nurses’ well-being during a pandemic
Authors: Muñoz-Rubilar C Amparo , Carrillos Carolina Pezoa , Mundal Ingunn Pernille , Cuevas Carlos De las , Lara-Cabrera Mariela Loreto 
Published: February 2022

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic is impacting the delivery of healthcare worldwide, creating dilemmas related to the duty to care. Although understanding the ethical dilemmas about the duty to care among nurses is necessary to allow effective preparation, few studies have explored these concerns. Aim: This study aimed to identify the ethical dilemmas among clinical nurses in Spain and Chile. It primarily aimed to (1) identify nurses’ agreement with the duty to care despite high risks for themselves and/or their families, (2) describe nurses’ well-being and (3) describe the associations between well-being and the duty to care. Research design: Cross-sectional self-reported anonymous data were collected between May and June 2020 via electronic survey distribution (snowball sampling). Ethical considerations: The Institutional Ethical Review Committees in both countries approved the study (CHUC_2020_33 and 27/2020). Findings: In total, 345 clinical nurses answered the primary question about the duty to care for the sick. Although in the total sample 77.4% agreed they have a duty to care for the sick, significant differences were found between the Spanish and Chilean samples. Overall, 53.6% of the nurses reported low levels of well-being; however, among those reporting low well-being, statistically significant differences were found between Spanish and Chilean nurses as 19.4% and 37.8%, respectively, disagreed with the statement regarding the duty to care. Discussion: Participants in both countries reported several ethical dilemmas, safety fears, consequent stress and low well-being. These results suggest that prompt actions are required to address nurses’ ethical concerns, as they might affect their willingness to work and psychological well-being. Conclusion: Our findings shed light on the ethical dilemmas nurses are facing related to the duty to care. Not only has the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic given rise to ethical challenges, but it has also affected nurses’ well-being and willingness to work during a pandemic.
The Edinburgh Claudication Questionnaire has poor diagnostic accuracy in people with intermittent claudication
Authors: Ibeggazene Saïd , Stirrup Andrew , Pymer Sean , Palmer Joanne , Cai Paris L , Smith George E , Chetter Ian C 
Published: February 2022

Background The screening and diagnosis of intermittent claudication is a challenging process and often relies on the expertise of specialist vascular clinicians. We sought to investigate the diagnostic performance of the Edinburgh Claudication Questionnaire (ECQ) as a screening tool for referrals of suspected intermittent claudication from primary to secondary care. Method Prospectively, 100 referrals from primary care with a stated diagnosis or query regarding intermittent claudication were recruited. All participants who completed the ECQ, underwent an anklebrachial pressure index (ABPI) assessment and treadmill exercise testing. Outcomes of the ECQ were compared to clinical diagnoses of intermittent claudication. Results The ECQ had a sensitivity of 46.8% (95% CI: 27–65%), specificity of 63.2% (95% CI: 43–82%) and accuracy of 53.0% (95% CI: 43–63%). The diagnostic performance was not changed by combining the ECQ with a positive ABPI or post-exercise ABPI outcome for PAD. Conclusion The ECQ had a poor diagnostic performance in this cohort. Considering the results found here and in other recent studies, the utility of the ECQ as a screening tool and epidemiological survey tool must be questioned. Novel, low-resource diagnostic tools are needed in this population.
Risk of bias in non-randomized observational studies assessing the relationship between proton-pump inhibitors and adverse kidney outcomes: a systematic review
Authors: Rajan Pradeep , Iglay Kristy , Rhodes Thomas , Girman Cynthia J. , Bennett Dimitri , Kalantar-Zadeh Kamyar 
Published: February 2022

Background: Proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs) are widely prescribed as acid-suppression therapy. Some observational studies suggest that long-term use of PPIs is potentially associated with certain adverse kidney outcomes. We conducted a systematic literature review to assess potential bias in non-randomized studies reporting on putative associations between PPIs and adverse kidney outcomes (acute kidney injury, acute interstitial nephritis, chronic interstitial nephritis, acute tubular necrosis, chronic kidney disease, and end-stage renal disease). Methods: We searched the medical literature within 10 years of 17 December 2020. Pre-specified criteria guided identification of relevant English language articles for assessment. Risk of bias on an outcome-specific basis was evaluated using the Risk of Bias in Non-randomized Studies of Interventions (ROBINS-I) tool by two independent reviewers. Results: Of 620 initially identified records, 26 studies met a priori eligibility criteria and underwent risk of bias assessment. Nineteen studies were judged as having a moderate risk of bias for reported adverse kidney outcomes, while six studies were judged as having a serious risk of bias (mainly due to inadequate control of confounders and selection bias). We were unable to determine the overall risk of bias in two studies (one of which was assessed as having a moderate risk of bias for a different adverse kidney outcome) due to insufficient information presented. Effect estimates for PPIs in relation to adverse kidney outcomes varied widely (0.24–7.34) but associations mostly showed increased risk. Conclusion: Using ROBINS-I, we found that non-randomized observational studies suggesting kidney harm by PPIs have moderate to serious risk of bias, making it challenging to establish causality. Additional high-quality, real-world evidence among generalizable populations are needed to better understand the relation between PPI treatment and acute and chronic kidney outcomes, accounting for the effects of varying durations of PPI treatment, self-treatment with over-the-counter PPIs, and potential critical confounders.
What Affected Primary Care Patients’ Decisions to Receive the Seasonal Influenza Vaccine in the 2020 to 2021 Season?
Authors: Kajikawa Natsuki , Goto Ryohei , Yokoya Shoji 
Published: February 2022

Introduction/objectives: A primary care patient’s decision to undergo seasonal influenza vaccination may have been different during the global COVID-19 pandemic in the 2020 to 2021 season. The purpose of this study is to investigate what affected primary care patients’ decisions to undergo seasonal influenza vaccination in the 2020 to 2021 season. Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted in a primary care clinic in Ibaraki, Japan. We used a purposive sampling strategy to reach individuals aged 20 years or older who underwent influenza vaccination. The transcripts were analyzed using thematic analysis. Results: Twenty-one patients completed the interview. Two main themes emerged: the desire to avoid risks to one’s health and being a part a community in coexistence with others. The first theme included desire to avoid influenza and expectations that vaccination will prevent severe disease. The second theme included concerns about the consequences of one’s own influenza infection on others in the community and necessity of vaccination based on the surroundings and others. Conclusions: Raising awareness of risk factors such as older age and comorbidities, and the expectations of community members might be effective in promoting influenza vaccination.
The contributions of immediate retrieval and spaced retrieval to word learning in preschoolers with developmental language disorder
Authors: Leonard Laurence B. , Kueser Justin B. , Deevy Patricia , Haebig Eileen , Karpicke Jeffrey D. , Weber Christine 
Published: February 2022

Background and Aims Children with developmental language disorder (DLD) benefit from word learning procedures that include a mix of immediate retrieval and spaced retrieval trials. In this study, we examine the relative contribution of these two types of retrieval. Methods We examine data from Haebig et al. (2019) in their study that compared an immediate retrieval condition and a condition of spaced retrieval that also included immediate retrieval trials. Participants were 4- and 5-year old children with DLD and same-age peers with typical language development. Each child learned novel (made-up) words referring to unusual plants and animals in both conditions. We examined the phonetic accuracy of the novel words used during the final learning trial and during recall tests 5 min and 1 week after learning. Results On the final learning trial, the children were more phonetically accurate in using the novel words learned in the immediate retrieval condition. However, recall tests after the learning trials revealed a decrease in accuracy, especially for the children with DLD. After one week, accuracy was much lower for words in the immediate retrieval condition than for words in the mixed spaced-plus-immediate retrieval condition. For words learned in the mixed spaced-plus-immediate retrieval condition, accuracy was very stable across time for both groups. Conclusions Immediate retrieval boosts the phonetic accuracy of new words in the short term but spaced retrieval promotes stability and increases the likelihood that short-term gains are maintained. Implications: When novel word learning is assessed at the level of phonetic accuracy, children with DLD can show declines over time not characteristic of children with typical language development. Spaced retrieval procedures augmented by immediate retrieval opportunities during learning appear to prevent such declines, leading to longer-lasting gains.
Low-dose Oral Thimerosal for the Treatment of Oral Herpes: Clinical Trial Results and Improved Outcome After Post-hoc Analysis
Authors: Mamber Stephen W. , Hatch Thomas , Miller Craig S. , Murray John V. , Strout Cynthia , McMichael John 
Published: February 2022

Background Thimerosal (TML) is an organomercury antimicrobial. Low doses (1/250th of the amount in a typical vaccine dose) may promote an antiviral immune response. Low-dose TML (BTL-TML) was evaluated for safety and efficacy against herpes labialis in two FDA-approved, randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled clinical trials. Methods BTL-TML was evaluated in a Phase IIa trial for its ability to block progression to lesion in subjects with recurrent oral herpes caused by dental trauma. Subjects were administered BTL-TML or a saline control over a 7-day period. In a Phase IIb trial, BTL-TML was evaluated for its ability to block progression to lesion over a 7-day period in subjects with herpes lip infections induced by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Results Progression to lesion post-dental procedure was prevented in 54.5% (12/22) TML subjects versus 22.2% (2/9) control subjects (p = 0.106). Progression to lesion post-UV irradiation was blocked in 47.8% (11/23) BTL-TML treatment subjects and 42.8% (6/14) control subjects. A post-hoc analysis yielded 52.2% (12/23) BTL-TML subjects with no progression to lesion versus 28.6% (6/21) control subjects with no progression (p = 0.099). There were no significant differences in adverse effects between treatment and control groups in either trial. Conclusions Neither clinical trial showed a statistically significant effect of BTL-TML on progression to lesion. However, the post-hoc analysis suggested there is a 48-hour period following UV radiation exposure during which the anti-herpes activity of antivirals such as BTL-TML is reduced. Accordingly, BTL-TML may have promise in subsequent, properly designed and powered clinical trials.
Selective inhibition of activated protein C anticoagulant activity protects against hemophilic arthropathy in mice
Authors: Magisetty Jhansi , Kondreddy Vijay , Keshava Shiva , Das Kaushik , Esmon Charles T. , Pendurthi Usha R. , Rao L. Vijaya Mohan 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Recurrent spontaneous or trauma-related bleeding into joints in hemophilia leads to hemophilic arthropathy (HA), a debilitating joint disease. Treatment of HA consists of preventing joint bleeding by clotting factor replacement, and in extreme cases, orthopedic surgery. We recently showed that administration of endothelial cell protein C receptor (EPCR) blocking monoclonal antibodies (mAb) markedly reduced the severity of HA in factor VIII (FVIII)−/− mice. EPCR blocking inhibits activated protein C (APC) generation and EPCR-dependent APC signaling. The present study was aimed to define the role of inhibition of APC anticoagulant activity, APC signaling, or both in suppressing HA. FVIII−/− mice were treated with a single dose of isotype control mAb, MPC1609 mAb, that inhibits anticoagulant, and signaling properties of APC, or MAPC1591 mAb that only blocks the anticoagulant activity of APC. Joint bleeding was induced by needle puncture injury. HA was evaluated by monitoring joint bleeding, change in joint diameter, and histopathological analysis of joint tissue sections for synovial hypertrophy, macrophage infiltration, neoangiogenesis, cartilage degeneration, and chondrocyte apoptosis. No significant differences were observed between MPC1609 and MAPC1591 in inhibiting APC anticoagulant activity in vitro and equally effective in correcting acute bleeding induced by the saphenous vein incision in FVIII−/− mice. Administration of MAPC1591, and not MPC1609, markedly reduced the severity of HA. MAPC1591 inhibited joint bleed–induced inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 expression and vascular leakage in joints, whereas MPC1609 had no significant effect. Our data show that an mAb that selectively inhibits APC’s anticoagulant activity without compromising its cytoprotective signaling offers a therapeutic potential alternative to treat HA.
Posttransplant cyclophosphamide for prevention of graft-versus-host disease: results of the prospective randomized HOVON-96 trial
Authors: Broers Annoek E. C. , de Jong Cornelis N. , Bakunina Katerina , Hazenberg Mette D. , van Marwijk Kooy Marinus , de Groot Marco R. , van Gelder Michel , Kuball Jürgen , van der Holt Bronno , Meijer Ellen , Cornelissen, Jan J. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is the most important complication of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloHSCT). We performed a prospective randomized, multicenter, phase 3 trial to study whether posttransplant cyclophosphamide (PT-Cy) combined with a short course of cyclosporine A (CsA) would result in a reduction of severe GVHD and improvement of GVHD-free, relapse-free survival (GRFS) as compared with the combination of CsA and mycophenolic acid (MPA) after nonmyeloablative (NMA) matched related and unrelated peripheral blood alloHSCT. Between October 2013 and June 2018, 160 patients diagnosed with a high-risk hematological malignancy and having a matched related or at least 8 out of 8 HLA-matched unrelated donor were randomized and allocated in a 1:2 ratio to CsA/MPA or PT-Cy/CsA; a total of 151 patients were transplanted (52 vs 99 patients, respectively). The cumulative incidence of grade 2 to 4 acute GVHD at 6 months was 48% in recipients of CsA/MPA vs 30% following PT-Cy/CsA (hazard ratio [HR], 0.48; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.29-0.82; P = .007). The 2-year cumulative incidence of extensive chronic GVHD was 48% vs 16% (HR, 0.36; 95% CI, 0.21-0.64; P &lt; .001). The 1-year estimate of GRFS was 21% (11% to 32%) vs 45% (35% to 55%), P &lt; .001. With a median follow-up of 56.4 months, relapse incidence, progression-free survival, and overall survival were not significantly different between the 2 treatment arms. PT-Cy combined with a short course of CsA after NMA matched alloHSCT significantly improves GRFS due to a significant reduction in severe acute and chronic GVHD.
The bacterial microbiota regulates normal hematopoiesis via metabolite-induced type 1 interferon signaling
Authors: Yan Hannah , Walker Forrest C. , Ali Arushana , Han Hyojeong , Tan Lin , Veillon Lucas , Lorenzi Philip L. , Baldridge Megan T. , King Katherine Y. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Antibiotic therapy, especially when administered long term, is associated with adverse hematologic effects such as cytopenia. Signals from the intestinal microbiota are critical to maintain normal hematopoiesis, and antibiotics can cause bone marrow suppression through depletion of the microbiota. We reported previously that STAT1 signaling is necessary for microbiota-dependent hematopoiesis, but the precise mechanisms by which the gut microbiota signals to the host bone marrow to regulate hematopoiesis remain undefined. We sought to identify the cell type(s) through which STAT1 promotes microbiota-mediated hematopoiesis and to elucidate which upstream signaling pathways trigger STAT1 signaling. Using conditional knockout and chimeric mice, we found that the microbiota induced STAT1 signaling in non-myeloid hematopoietic cells to support hematopoiesis and that STAT1 signaling was specifically dependent on type I interferons (IFNs). Indeed, basal type I IFN signaling was reduced in hematopoietic progenitor cells with antibiotic treatment. In addition, we discovered that oral administration of a commensal-derived product, NOD1 ligand, rescues the hematopoietic defects induced by antibiotics in mice. Using metabolomics, we identified additional microbially produced candidates that can stimulate type I IFN signaling to potentially rescue the hematopoietic defects induced by antibiotics, including phosphatidylcholine and γ-glutamylalanine. Overall, our studies define a signaling pathway through which microbiota promotes normal hematopoiesis and identify microbial metabolites that may serve as therapeutic agents to ameliorate antibiotic-induced bone marrow suppression and cytopenia.