bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High resolution 16S rRNA gene Next Generation Sequencing study of brain areas associated with Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Emery David C. , Davies Maria , Cerajewska Tanya L. , Taylor Jelena , Hazell Mae , Paterson Alex , Allen-Birt Shelley J. , West Nicola X. 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionAlzheimer’s (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD) are neurodegenerative conditions characterized by incremental deposition of β-amyloid (Aβ) and α-synuclein in AD and PD brain, respectively, in relatively conserved patterns. Both are associated with neuroinflammation, with a proposed microbial component for disease initiation and/or progression. Notably, Aβ and α-synuclein have been shown to possess antimicrobial properties. There is evidence for bacterial presence within the brain, including the oral pathobiont Porphyromonas gingivalis, with cognitive impairment and brain pathology being linked to periodontal (gum) disease and gut dysbiosis.MethodsHere, we use high resolution 16S rRNA PCR-based Next Generation Sequencing (16SNGS) to characterize bacterial composition in brain areas associated with the early, intermediate and late-stage of the diseases.Results and discussionThis study reveals the widespread presence of bacteria in areas of the brain associated with AD and PD pathology, with distinctly different bacterial profiles in blood and brain. Brain area profiles were overall somewhat similar, predominantly oral, with some bacteria subgingival and oronasal in origin, and relatively comparable profiles in AD and PD brain. However, brain areas associated with early disease development, such as the locus coeruleus, were substantially different in bacterial DNA content compared to areas affected later in disease etiology.
Anodal tDCS does not enhance the learning of the sequential finger-tapping task by motor imagery practice in healthy older adults
Authors: Metais Angèle , Muller Camille O. , Boublay Nawale , Breuil Caroline , Guillot Aymeric , Daligault Sébastien , Di Rienzo Franck , Collet Christian , Krolak-Salmon Pierre , Saimpont Arnaud 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundMotor imagery practice (MIP) and anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (a-tDCS) are innovative methods with independent positive influence on motor sequence learning (MSL) in older adults.ObjectiveThe present study investigated the effect of MIP combined with a-tDCS over the primary motor cortex (M1) on the learning of a finger tapping sequence of the non-dominant hand in healthy older adults.MethodsThirty participants participated in this double-blind sham-controlled study. They performed three MIP sessions, one session per day over three consecutive days and a retention test 1 week after the last training session. During training / MIP, participants had to mentally rehearse an 8-element finger tapping sequence with their left hand, concomitantly to either real (a-tDCS group) or sham stimulation (sham-tDCS group). Before and after MIP, as well as during the retention test, participants had to physically perform the same sequence as fast and accurately as possible.ResultsOur main results showed that both groups (i) improved their performance during the first two training sessions, reflecting acquisition/on-line performance gains, (ii) stabilized their performance from one training day to another, reflecting off-line consolidation; as well as after 7 days without practice, reflecting retention, (iii) for all stages of MSL, there was no significant difference between the sham-tDCS and a-tDCS groups.ConclusionThis study highlights the usefulness of MIP in motor sequence learning for older adults. However, 1.5 mA a-tDCS did not enhance the beneficial effects of MIP, which adds to the inconsistency of results found in tDCS studies. Future work is needed to further explore the best conditions of use of tDCS to improve motor sequence learning with MIP.
Effects and mechanism of myeloperoxidase on microglia in the early stage of intracerebral hemorrhage
Authors: Zuo Wei , Wang Yunchang , Sun Jiali , Zhang Yinian 
Published: December 2022

Objectives(1) To clarify the dynamic relationship between the expression of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and microglial activation of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), (2) to explore the effect of inhibition of MPO on microglial activation, and (3) to observe the improvement in the neurobehavior of mice with inhibition of MPO.MethodsC57 BL/6 mice and CX3CR1 + /GFP mice were used to establish a phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) group, an ICH group, and a 4-aminobenzoic acid hydrazide (ABAH) group. Longa score, open field locomotion, hind-limb clasping test, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, blood routine detection, and flow cytometry were used.ResultsThe neurobehavior of the mice was significantly impaired following ICH (P &lt; 0.01); the expression of MPO was significantly increased following ICH, and reached a peak value at 6 h post-injury (P &lt; 0.001). Moreover, the microglial activation increased significantly following ICH, and reached a peak level at 24 h post-injury (P &lt; 0.01). Following inhibition of MPO, the activation of microglia in the ICH group decreased significantly (P &lt; 0.001). Moreover, the neurobehavior of the ICH group was significantly improved with MPO inhibition (P &lt; 0.05).ConclusionMPO may be an upstream molecule activated by microglia and following inhibition of MPO can improve secondary injury resulting from ICH.
Spectral analysis for pulse rate variability assessment from simulated photoplethysmographic signals
Authors: Mejía-Mejía Elisa , Kyriacou Panicos A. 
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Pulse rate variability (PRV) refers to the changes in pulse rate through time and is extracted from pulsatile signals such as the photoplethysmogram (PPG). Although PRV has been used as a surrogate of heart rate variability (HRV), which is measured from the electrocardiogram (ECG), these variables have been shown to have differences, and it has been hypothesised that these differences may arise from technical aspects that may affect the reliable extraction of PRV from PPG signals. Moreover, there are no guidelines for the extraction of PRV information from pulsatile signals.Aim: In this study, the extraction of frequency-domain information from PRV was studied, in order to establish the best performing combination of parameters and algorithms to obtain the spectral representation of PRV.Methods: PPG signals with varying and known PRV content were simulated, and PRV information was extracted from these signals. Several spectral analysis techniques with different parameters were applied, and absolute, relative and centroid-related frequency-domain indices extracted from each combination. Indices from extracted and known PRV were compared using factorial analyses and Kruskal-Wallis tests to determine which spectral analysis technique gave the best performing results.Results: It was found that using fast Fourier transform and the multiple signal classification (PMUSIC) algorithms gave the best results, combined with cubic spline interpolation and a frequency resolution of 0.0078 Hz for the former; and a linear interpolation with a frequency resolution as low as 1.22 × 10−4, as well as applying a fifth order model, for the latter.Discussion: Considering the lower complexity of FFT over PMUSIC, FFT should be considered as the appropriate technique to extract frequency-domain information from PRV signals.
Teacher burnout and turnover intention in higher education: The mediating role of job satisfaction and the moderating role of proactive personality
Authors: Zhang Qun , Li Xianyin , Gamble Jeffrey Hugh 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionTeacher burnout and frequent turnover negatively affect stability and productivity in the context of higher education. Despite the fact that the relationship between burnout and turnover intention has been thoroughly studied, the role of other factors in this relationship should be evaluated in order to better clarify underlying mechanisms, particularly in the context of higher education.MethodsIn this study, we first aim to bridge a research gap by utilizing job satisfaction as a mediating variable for the relationship between burnout and turnover intention. Moreover, we uniquely evaluate the role of proactive personality as a moderating variable, first in terms of the relationship between burnout and job satisfaction, and then for the relationship between job satisfaction and turnover intention. Based on 296 valid questionnaires collected from university faculty members in China, proposed hypotheses were evaluated empirically.ResultsThe results demonstrate that, as expected, burnout has a significant and positive impact on turnover intention, and job satisfaction has significantly negative impact on turnover intention, with job satisfaction partially mediating the relationship between burnout and turnover intention. Moreover, proactive personality moderated the relationship between job satisfaction and turnover intention, with this relationship being stronger for individuals with high proactive personality as compared to low proactive personality.DiscussionThese findings provide a better understanding of the relationship between burnout and turnover intention of university instructors. Theoretical and practical implications, limitations, and recommendations for further research are provided.
Increasing ventilation reduces SARS-CoV-2 airborne transmission in schools: A retrospective cohort study in Italy's Marche region
Authors: Buonanno Giorgio , Ricolfi Luca , Morawska Lidia , Stabile Luca 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionWhile increasing the ventilation rate is an important measure to remove inhalable virus-laden respiratory particles and lower the risk of infection, direct validation in schools with population-based studies is far from definitive.MethodsWe investigated the strength of association between ventilation and SARS-CoV-2 transmission reported among the students of Italy's Marche region in more than 10,000 classrooms, of which 316 were equipped with mechanical ventilation. We used ordinary and logistic regression models to explore the relative risk associated with the exposure of students in classrooms.Results and discussionFor classrooms equipped with mechanical ventilation systems, the relative risk of infection of students decreased at least by 74% compared with a classroom with only natural ventilation, reaching values of at least 80% for ventilation rates &gt;10 L s−1 student−1. From the regression analysis we obtained a relative risk reduction in the range 12%15% for each additional unit of ventilation rate per person. The results also allowed to validate a recently developed predictive theoretical approach able to estimate the SARS-CoV-2 risk of infection of susceptible individuals via the airborne transmission route. We need mechanical ventilation systems to protect students in classrooms from airborne transmission; the protection is greater if ventilation rates higher than the rate needed to ensure indoor air quality (&gt;10 L s−1 student−1) are adopted. The excellent agreement between the results from the retrospective cohort study and the outcome of the predictive theoretical approach makes it possible to assess the risk of airborne transmission for any indoor environment.
Social Return on Investment (SROI) of mental health related interventions—A scoping review
Authors: Kadel Rajendra , Stielke Anna , Ashton Kathryn , Masters Rebecca , Dyakova Mariana 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundThere is a growing recognition of the need to effectively assess the social value of public health interventions through a wider, comprehensive approach, capturing their social, economic and environmental benefits, outcomes and impacts. Social Return on Investment (SROI) is a methodological approach which incorporates all three aspects for evaluating interventions. Mental health problems are one of the leading causes of ill health and disability worldwide. This study aims to map existing evidence on the social value of mental health interventions that uses the SROI methodology.MethodsA scoping evidence search was conducted on Medline, PubMed, Google Scholar and relevant gray literature, published in English between January 2000 and March 2021 to identify studies which capture the SROI of mental health interventions in high- and middle-income countries. Studies that reported mental health outcomes and an SROI ratio were included in this review. The quality of included studies was assessed using Krlev's 12-item quality assessment framework.ResultsThe search identified a total of 435 records; and 42 of them with varying quality met the study inclusion criteria. Most of the included studies (93%) were non-peer reviewed publicly available reports, predominantly conducted in the United Kingdom (88%); and majority (60%) of those studies were funded by charity/non-for-profit organizations. Out of 42 included studies, 22 were targeted toward individuals experiencing mental health problems and the remainder 20 were targeted to vulnerable groups or the general population to prevent, or reduce the risk of poor mental health. Eighty-one percent of included studies were graded as high quality studies based on Krlev's 12-item quality assessment framework. The reported SROI ratios of the included studies ranged from £0.79 to £28.00 for every pound invested.ConclusionThis scoping review is a first of its kind to focus on SROI of mental health interventions, finding a good number of SROI studies that show a positive return on investment of the identified interventions. This review illustrates that SROI could be a useful tool and source of evidence to help inform policy and funding decisions for investment in mental health and wellbeing, as it accounts for the wider social, economic and environmental benefits of public health interventions. More SROI research in the area of public health is needed to expand the evidence base and develop further the methodology.
Growth of Coniochaeta Species on Acetate in Biomass Sugars
Authors: Nichols Nancy N. , Mertens Jeffrey A. , Frazer Sarah E. , Hector Ronald E. 
Published: December 2022

Degradation products from sugars and lignin are commonly generated as byproducts during pretreatment of biomass being processed for production of renewable fuels and chemicals. Many of the degradation products act as microbial inhibitors, including furanic and phenolic compounds and acetate, which is solubilized from hemicellulose. We previously identified a group of fungi, Coniochaeta species, that are intrinsically tolerant to and capable of mineralizing furans present in biomass hydrolysates. Here, we challenged 20 C. ligniaria and phylogenetically related isolates with acetate to test if the robustness phenotype extended to this important inhibitor as well, and all strains grew at concentrations up to 2.5% (w/v) sodium acetate. At the highest concentrations tested (5.0–7.5% w/v), some variation in growth on solid medium containing glucose plus acetate was apparent among the strains. The hardiness of four promising strains was further evaluated by challenging them (0.5% w/v sodium acetate) in mineral medium containing 10 or 15 mM furfural. The strains grew and consumed all of the acetate and furfural. At a higher (2.5% w/v) concentration, consumption of acetate varied among the strains: only one consumed any acetate in the presence of furfural, but all four strains consumed acetate provided that a small amount (0.2% w/v) of glucose was added. Finally, the four strains were evaluated for biological abatement of rice hull hydrolysates having elevated acetate content. The hardiest strains were also able to consume furfural and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) within 24 h, followed by acetate within 40 h when grown in dilute acid pretreated rice hulls containing 0.55% acetate, 15 mM furfural, and 1.7 mM HMF. As such, these strains are expected to be helpful for abating non-desirable compounds from unrefined hydrolysates so as to enable their conversion to bioproducts.
CcMYB12 Positively Regulates Flavonoid Accumulation during Fruit Development in Carya cathayensis and Has a Role in Abiotic Stress Responses
Authors: Wang Yige , Ye Hongyu , Wang Ketao , Huang Chunying , Si Xiaolin , Wang Jianhua , Xu Yifan , Huang Youjun , Huang Jianqin , Li Yan 
Published: December 2022

Flavonoid, an important secondary metabolite in plants, is involved in many biological processes. Its synthesis originates from the phenylpropane metabolic pathway, and it is catalyzed by a series of enzymes. The flavonoid biosynthetic pathway is regulated by many transcription factors, among which MYB transcription factors are thought to be key regulators. Hickory (Carya cathayensis) is an economic forest tree species belonging to the Juglandaceae family, and its fruit is rich in flavonoids. The transcriptome of exocarp and seed of hickory has previously been sequenced and analyzed by our team, revealing that CcMYB12 (CCA0691S0036) may be an important regulator of flavonoid synthesis. However, the specific regulatory role of CcMYB12 in hickory has not been clarified. Through a genome-wide analysis, a total of 153 R2R3-MYB genes were identified in hickory, classified into 23 subclasses, of which CcMYB12 was located in Subclass 7. The R2R3-MYBs showed a differential expression with the development of hickory exocarp and seed, indicating that these genes may regulate fruit development and metabolite accumulation. The phylogenetic analysis showed that CcMYB12 is a flavonol regulator, and its expression trend is the same as or opposite to that of flavonol synthesis-related genes. Moreover, CcMYB12 was found to be localized in the nucleus and have self-activation ability. The dual-luciferase reporter assay demonstrated that CcMYB12 strongly bonded to and activated the promoters of CcC4H, CcCHS, CcCHI, and CcF3H, which are key genes of the flavonoid synthesis pathway. Overexpression of CcMYB12 in Arabidopsis thaliana could increase the content of total flavonoids and the expression of related genes, including PAL, C4H, CHS, F3H, F3’H, ANS, and DFR, in the flavonoid synthesis pathway. These results reveal that CcMYB12 may directly regulate the expression of flavonoid-related genes and promote flavonoid synthesis in hickory fruit. Notably, the expression level of CcMYB12 in hickory seedlings was significantly boosted under NaCl and PEG treatments, while it was significantly downregulated under acid stress, suggesting that CcMYB12 may participate in the response to abiotic stresses. The results could provide a basis for further elucidating the regulation network of flavonoid biosynthesis and lay a foundation for developing new varieties of hickory with high flavonoid content.
Análisis del consumo online de las estudiantes universitarias
Authors: Sánchez-Cruz Samantha , Aguirre-Andrade Antonio , Sánchez-Trinidad Rosa del Carmen 
Published: December 2022

El comercio electrónico ha ido en aumento en los últimos años, lo que ha representado una alternativa utilizada por las empresas para estimular su desarrollo y crecimiento, pero ha sido sin duda, las restricciones sanitarias emitidas por los gobiernos de todo el mundo en el año 2020, lo que provocó que los índices de compra se incrementaran a gran escala entre los consumidores, al ser prácticamente la única forma de adquirir muchas marcas que incluso, cerraron sus puntos físicos de ventas. De ahí la necesidad de analizar los cambios de hábitos entre los consumidores que permita entender y analizarlos para así establecer también nuestras estrategias de mercadotecnia.
La presente investigación es de corte cuantitativo y exploratorio; se aplicaron encuestas a una muestra de 231 estudiantes universitarias. Se presenta un análisis de las principales teorías sobre mercadotecnia y comportamiento del consumidor, así como una revisión sobre el estado del arte acerca de los hábitos de las compras en línea y la confianza para realizarlas.
Los hallazgos describen el cambio de hábitos de compra después de la pandemia, las principales razones por las que las estudiantes universitarias de la Universidad Popular de la Chontalpa (UPCh) compran productos o servicios en internet, la percepción sobre la seguridad de realizar compras por este medio, así como las principales razones que influyen para realizar compras por este medio.
Pacemaker implantation in active COVID-19 patients: experience of a city hospital
Authors: Repnikov I. O. , Chakhunashvili D. Z. , Evtushenko A. E. , Maslova E. V. , Akhobadze M. V. , Marapov D. I. , Perchatkin D. I. 
Published: December 2022

Aim. To analyze the experience of a multidisciplinary hospital in the implantation of pacemaker (PM) in patients with COVID-19, to evaluate predictors and the incidence of complications and adverse outcomes.Methods. One-hundred twenty five patients with active COVID-19 underwent PM implantation/replacement during the period from 04/01/2020 to 11/30/2021 at the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery of the City Multidisciplinary Hospital, reprofiling to provide medical care to patients with COVID-19. The presence of SARS-CoV-2 virus was confirmed by a positive result of the polymerase chain reaction performed the day before the procedure.Results. Median age of patients was 81 [73-86] years. Indications for PM in most cases were atrioventricular block of II-III degrees (n=71, 56.8%), sick sinus syndrome (n=30, 24%). The PM was replaced in 20 (16%) patients. Of the 125 patients in the study survey, the 30-day complication rate was 12%, and the 180-day mortality rate was 16.8%.Conclusion. Patients with active COVID-19 had an increased level of complications and mortality rates after PM implantation/replacement. It is necessary to take these risks into consideration to better select patients with active COVID-19 infection.
AERODYNAMIC RESEARCH OF THE OVERPRESSURE DEVICE FOR INDIVIDUAL TRANSPORT
Authors: MAGRYTA Paweł 
Published: December 2022

Paper proposes a solution of overpressure device for individual transport, the purpose of which is to accumulate the overpressure in a certain geometric area, through the use of specially designed three-dimensional structures. In order to verify the underlying assumptions of the idea, it was decided to perform a simulation study of air flow stream within the proposed unit. These studies were done in Star CD - Pro Star 3.2 software. Further studies were carried out on the actual real model. The verification was performed to compare and identify the main parameters of air flow through the three-dimensional structure.
COMPUTER AIDED THERMAL PROCESSES IN TECHNICAL SPACES
Authors: JANCZAREK Marian , BULYANDRA Oleksij 
Published: December 2022

This paper describes research work on methods concerning heat transfers through walls of thermal technical chambers. The paper presents the mathematical and physical analysis of problems in the field of energy savings and material selection in thermal chambers in controlled gaseous environment. The purpose for the research is to point out areas subjected to the highest energy losses caused by building’s construction and geographical orientation of walls in the aspect of daily atmospheric temperature changes emerging on chamber exterior. Thermal problems were solved using computer aided support. The paper presents exemplary measurement results taken in Lublin region during various periods throughout a year.