bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Criminal Evidence—Retrospective and Prospects
Authors: Roberts Paul 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This concluding chapter summarizes the book’s principal themes, arguments and topical coverage, and considers emergent trends and future directions in criminal evidence. A contextual approach to criminal evidence is reaffirmed, integrating normative principles, socio-legal ‘thick description’ of institutions and processes, and the epistemic demands and constraints of criminal adjudication. Principles are more enduring than mere legal rules and doctrines. They connect detailed evidentiary norms with their deeper normative rationales, illuminating criminal evidence as applied political morality. Pragmatically, the sprawling, expanding, diversifying corpus of evidentiary sources can be known, and tamed, only in principle. Extending the methodological precepts of criminal jurisprudence, our ‘five foundational principles’ are recapitulated, and their elaboration into further tiers or waves of subprinciples is illustrated. This mosaic of principles forms a dynamic but mutually stabilizing institutional framework transmitting a continuous common law procedural tradition. Technological innovation has been a major driver of recent legislative reform and ongoing institutional change. Smart evidentiary regulation must adapt to changes in social behaviour and new forms of evidence (CCTV, dashcams, smart phones, DNA profiling). Common law evidence is no longer a collection of exclusionary rules fashioned from judicial precedents and a few supplementary statutory provisions. Contemporary sources of criminal evidence encompass constitutional, human rights, and hard-working soft laws, whilst admissibility rulings are sandwiched between proactive judicial case management and richly articulated forensic reasoning rules. Criminal procedure jurisprudence is also increasingly cosmopolitan in its outlook, inspiration, and doctrinal borrowings. Whilst the future shape of criminal adjudication is especially difficult to predict at times of rapid change and social dislocation, digitalization of information, virtual communications, and AI algorithms will probably expand their scope and influence. Criminal evidence may be forced to adapt, but—on pain of forfeiting legitimacy—must never abandon its principles.
Transformation and divergence
Authors: Goodfellow Tom 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This chapter elaborates the book’s theoretical framework in depth. It begins with a discussion of some contemporary strands of urban theory and the extent to which these engage with or deflect questions of causality. Drawing on Critical Realism, it explains this book’s interdisciplinary approach to causal force, particularly in relation to questions of structure and infrastructure, and the human and non-human elements that shape urban transformations. It then sets out in detail each of the four casual factors used to explain divergent trajectories of urban development: the distribution of associational power, the pursuit of social legitimacy, modalities of political informality, and legacies and practices of infrastructural reach. Finally, it discusses how these are conceptualized in relation to one another and at different scales, building a ‘level abstracted’ analytical lens on the politics of urban transformation.
The making of urban economies
Authors: Goodfellow Tom 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This chapter turns to the making of urban economies, again taking in a broad sweep of history from the early modern period to the present. Framing the evolution of urban economies in relation to the idea of ‘operations of capital’, it traces the early evolution of a regional trading economy from the Indian Ocean to the interlacustrine zone, and the parallel economic integration of the Horn of Africa, before turning to the colonial period and especially the urban impact of colonial railways and limited industrial investment. It then turns to the early postcolonial period, tracing the journey from optimism and economic promise to revolutions, ruptures, and economic collapse. Finally, it examines the celebrated recent economic development achievements of the three case study countries and their relationship to the capital city, setting the scene for the remarkable and divergent urban transformations discussed in the remainder of the book.
New urban visions and the infrastructure boom
Authors: Goodfellow Tom 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This first chapter in Part III of the book, which focuses on twenty-first-century comparative urban development, discusses changing approaches to Kampala, Kigali, and Addis Ababa at the level of government visions for urban development and associated infrastructure projects. It traces the path from urban neglect (and in some cases rural bias) towards a new enthusiasm for urban investment and engagement in the twenty-first century. It then sets out the international context for international investment in African infrastructure, before discussing one major infrastructure ‘mega-project’ in each city. The chapter argues that these projects typify the priorities and modes of infrastructure governance in each case, and explains their relationship to legacies of infrastructural reach and attempts to construct particular forms of legitimacy. In addition, it explores some of the more contingent and unanticipated outcomes of these infrastructures and their role in shaping urban change on the ground.
Urban propertyscapes
Authors: Goodfellow Tom 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This chapter turns introduces the idea of urban propertyscapes, which refers to patterns of residential and commercial property development in a given city, how this is arranged across urban space, and how it relates to land regimes and the politics of regulation. After examining the post-conflict evolution of the real estate sector in the three cities, the chapter delineates basic incentives and constraints and how these have channelled ever more resources into the ‘secondary circuit’ of capital, drawing resources away from more productive investment. It then considers questions of urban housing provision, particularly in Addis Ababa, the site of one of Africa’s most extraordinary state-driven housing experiments, and considers why so little urban housing has been built in the other cases. In a concluding comparative discussion, it argues that different distributions of power and strategies of legitimation are central to accounting for the different emergent urban propertyscapes across the region.
The politics of noise and silence
Authors: Goodfellow Tom 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This chapter examines how urban populations have responded to urban transformation through different forms of informal political engagement, protest, and dissent. It introduces the idea of urban political registers to explore the collective responses of urban-dwellers at the receiving end of the manipulation and subjugation that has accompanied the urban projects explored in Chapters 5–7. After a conceptual discussion of questions of continuity and rupture in urban politics, it considers the historical evolution of political culture in each case. Following this, it explores the dominant political registers that have surfaced and consolidated as ruling elites have pursued urban transformation alongside different forms of authoritarian control. Arguing against generic conceptions of ‘resistance’, it suggests that violent protest has become increasingly institutionalized as a political register in Kampala, in contrast to the relative ‘silence’ of individualized refusal in Kigali and the more penetrative forms of mobilization and counter-mobilization in Addis Ababa.
Preface
Authors: Gibson Andrew 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The preface begins by considering how far the concepts of neoliberalism and neoliberal culture may have mutated during the period of composition (2016–2022). What differences might populism, climate change, and the Covid-19 pandemic have made to its terms? Certainly, we are living in an age of ‘contingent neoliberalism’ or ‘precarity capitalism’. There have been modifications to neoliberal culture … but without any major changes to it. Its cornerstones remain securely in place. This book thus responds to an imperative. It pits the major English-language novelist of our times against the culture. It seeks everywhere to read Coetzee’s work as developing a kind of thought equivalent to if distinct from that of a major philosopher, sharing the philosopher’s founding break with seemingly self-evident but inert certainties. In pitting Coetzee against neoliberal culture, I try to remain faithful to his founding move, a radical break with what threatens us all, total immersion in present `knowledge’.
Sobriety and the New Eudaemonism
Authors: Gibson Andrew 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Neoliberal culture has given rise to a new eudaemonism: that is, it has been preoccupied with the goal of a certain kind of happiness, and certain (usually unserious) means of searching for it. This chapter begins by dismantling the new eudaemonism, its neoliberal presuppositions, and its principal, determining source, the American ‘happiness industry’. Neoliberal subjects have to be happy in order to demonstrate the otherwise questionable good of neoliberalism. But neoliberalism cannot securely provide any serious happiness or distinguish between happiness and hedonism or euphoria. By contrast, Coetzee commits himself to a practice of sobriety and an imaginative reason. Through readings of two of his novels, the chapter shows that he is concerned not with happiness, but with the possibility of a minimal livability. This is as much as the Coetzeean subject can hope for in a world that, figured as a continuous catastrophe, threatens to make life unliveable.
Collecting and Recollecting
Authors: Lutz Deborah 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Chapter 2 examines another sort of volume. Attempts to preserve the embodied moment, to capture and keep experience, Victorian albums (especially friendship, autograph, and botanical) were gatherings of pressed objects that could seem to spring off of the page—moss, locks of hair, ribbons, feathers, valentines, lace, and other material memories. Attached with paste, wafers, thread, or straight pins, theater programs, printed menus for special meals, lecture flyers, letters, and the like needed to be folded out to be read—three-dimensional layers that required the hand as well as the eye. Such assemblages influenced writers like Gaskell, a collector of personal ephemera who used her fiction to think about the pulling together of fragments (bodies, scraps, reused household items, and memories).
Reusing, Tearing, and Folding
Authors: Lutz Deborah 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Chapter 4 explores a different sort of collecting method. Tracing the reuse of domestic items as part of the writing, creating, and reading process for many authors in the nineteenth century, this chapter considers rebinding books with repurposed clothing, stitching wallpaper onto a manuscript booklet, ripping off a corner of a letter and using its blank side to compose a poem, taking an old ledger and turning it into a souvenir album, and other types of thrifty activities. In many cases of reuse, restricted choice (and space) enriched aesthetic decisions rather than limiting them, especially when it came to Emily Brontë’s poetry manuscripts. Thinking of paper (and books) as more than a carrier of text (or as a carrier of just one text) brought fragments of everyday life into the creative process.
A Pluralist Theory of Constitutional Justice
Authors: Rosenfeld Michel 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Liberal constitutionalism has come under sharp attack as globalization led to a confluence of huge disparities in wealth, identity-based alienation triggered by mass migration, and accompanying erosions of democracy. Liberal constitutionalism has also been challenged by illiberal populists who have adapted its framework to mask their aim to subvert its core values. These developments bring the nexus between the constitution and justice to the fore, and in particular that concerning distributive justice in its three dimensions of redistribution, recognition, and representation. The book provides a systematic account of the central role of distributive justice in the normative legitimation of liberal constitutions. Because what distributive justice requires is highly contested and constitutions are supposed to be susceptible of garnering a consensus among those they govern, constitutions only ought to guarantee essential but limited aspects of justice. Drawing on Rawls’ insight that distributive justice calls for “constitutional essentials,” the book advances the thesis that liberal constitutions must incorporate certain “justice essentials.” The book is divided into three parts. Part I examines the combination of current legal, economic, political, and ideological developments that pose challenges to the normative viability of liberal constitutionalism. Part II offers a rereading of the relevant philosophical and jurisprudential literature that sheds crucial theoretical light on the relationship between constitution and justice. This rereading draws on key figures in both the analytic and the continental traditions. Finally, Part III makes the case for a thoroughly pluralistic approach being optimal in the quest for a constitution’s justice essentials.
Disembodied Law, Reinvigorated Religion, and Tribal Politics
Authors: Rosenfeld Michel 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This chapter details the level of fracture and alienation that have surged as by-products of globalization, severely disrupting demos and ethnos while throwing into disarray previously relied upon ways to seek convergence between the universal, the singular, and the plural. Law increasingly looms as abstract, distant, elusive, and oppressive, as a plurality of transnational legal regimes overlap with domestic ones. This fosters a sense of increasing alienation and inequity as many feel ever more burdened under national and transnational legal regimes over which they have no control, while others are powerful enough not only to fashion some laws but also to choose among various regimes so as to maximize their benefits and minimize their burdens under law. Against this, there has been a strong resurgence and repoliticization of religion, with fundamentalism and intolerance on the rise. Moreover, this renewed “religious” fervor has spilled over to other strongly invested identitarian units, such as ethnic or linguistic communities with exclusivist tendencies. Accordingly, politics has become increasingly tribal and intransigent, with zero-sum confrontations that leave little room for compromise and genuine cooperation.
From Statistical Physics to Data-Driven Modelling
Authors: Cocco Simona , Monasson Rémi , Zamponi Francesco 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Today’s science is characterised by an ever-increasing amount of data, due to instrumental and experimental progress in monitoring and manipulating complex systems made of many microscopic constituents. How can we make sense of such data, and use them to enhance our understanding of biological, physical, chemical, … systems? The primary objective of this textbook is to introduce the concepts and methods, at the crossroad between probability theory, statistics, optimisation, statistical physics, inference and machine learning, necessary to answer this question. The second objective of this book is to provide practical applications for these methods, which will allow students to really assimilate the underlying ideas and techniques. Most of the applications we propose here are related to biology, as they were part of a course to Master of Science students specialised in biophysics. The book's companion web site contains all the data sets necessary for the tutorials presented in the book, as well as other applications. The material presented here is accessible to MSc students in physics, in applied maths and computational biology. Readers will need basic knowledge in programming (Python or some equivalent language) for the applications. Emphasis is not put on mathematical rigour, but on the development of intuition and the deep connections with statistical physics. Our major goal is that students will be able to understand the mathematics behind the methods, and not act as mere consumers of statistical packages!
Asymptotic inference and information
Authors: Cocco Simona , Monasson Rémi , Zamponi Francesco 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In this chapter we will treat the case of asymptotic inference, in which a large number of data is available and a comparatively small number of parameters have to be inferred. In this regime, there exists a deep connection between inference and information theory, whose description will require us to introduce the notions of entropy, cross entropy, Fisher information, Shannon information. Last of all, we will see how the maximum entropy principle is, in practice, related to Bayesian inference.
An Early Fragment on Evil
Authors: Stewart M. A. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Presents and discusses a fragmentary early manuscript in Hume’s handwriting on an aspect of the problem of evil—namely the attempt to weigh the relative happiness and misery in human life. Suggests that the fragment might once have formed part of a projected or excised fifth (or fourth) part of Book One of the Treatise, applying Hume’s scepticism to religious questions. Contrasts the lucid and direct style of the argument of the fragment with the diffuseness of the same argument presented by Philo in Part X of the Dialogues.
Hume’s Reception in Ireland
Authors: Stewart M. A. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Begins with some of the very earliest responses to Hume, on the part of the Irish anti-deists Philip Skelton, Robert Clayton, and John Leland. Then turns to the Irish reaction to the History of England, and, especially, to Catholic objections to Hume’s account of the 1641 rebellion. Goes on to consider how Hume featured in the proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy (established in 1785) and in courses of lectures given in the early nineteenth century at Trinity College and the Belfast Academical Institution (now Queen’s University). Takes the story of Hume’s reception in Ireland to the end of the nineteenth century, showing how Hume’s views came to be seen as stereotypical in contemporary critiques of religion, and also how Hume was taken more seriously by those sympathetic to Kant and idealism.
The translation of leadership discourse to public services
Authors: Wallace Mike , Reed Michael , O’Reilly Dermot , Tomlinson Michael , Morris Jonathan , Deem Rosemary 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAn explanation is developed of why Labour government politicians chose a leader-centric conception of leadership for their focus in seeking to develop individual senior staff from public service organizations as leaders through the suite of national leadership development interventions. Leadership is analysed as a metaphorical concept, drawing attention to some parts of a target phenomenon while downplaying others. The history of discourse in the United States (US) and the United Kingdom (UK) is traced, which frames the process of organizing public services, beginning with administration and portraying its partial replacement by management and then leadership, following the innovatory articulation of visionary conceptions in the USA. The chapter documents the emergence of leader-centric visionary leadership discourse within the Labour Party in the early 1990s prior to forming the Labour government, and the influences on this choice as the focus for developing senior staff in public service organizations as leaders committed to implementing government-driven reforms.
Elite orchestration and mediation of national leadership development provision
Authors: Wallace Mike , Reed Michael , O’Reilly Dermot , Tomlinson Michael , Morris Jonathan , Deem Rosemary 
Published: November 2022

AbstractResearch findings are reported explaining why and how senior officials responsible for each intervention, construed as intermediate-level elites, responded to their remit in developing provision within parameters variably set and monitored by government elites. The interventions catered for individuals at different career stages, with a mixed focus on improving present practice as leaders and preparing for possible promotion to a more senior post. The government linkage with leading reforms was diluted. Most representative bodies for senior staff in the three service sectors supported interventions as means of professionalizing their members through specialist training as leaders. A government initiative to rationalize provision across the suite of interventions was resisted by emphasizing the context-sensitivity of provision for each service sector. An abductive explanation is advanced of the generative mechanisms at play, centring on the moderate subversion of acculturation and its delimitation by government arrangements directly or indirectly regulating the interventions.
Microcirculation dynamics in systemic vasculitis: evidence of impaired microvascular response regardless of cardiovascular risk factors
Authors: Dolgyras Panagiotis , Lazaridis Antonios , Anyfanti Panagiota , Gavriilaki Eleni , Koletsos Nikolaos , Triantafyllou Areti , Nikolaidou Barbara , Galanapoulou Vasiliki , Douma Stella , Gkaliagkousi Eugenia 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Systemic vasculitides (SVs) are a highly inflammatory group of diseases characterized by significant cardiovascular (CV) mortality. Microvascular damage closely linked with accelerated atherosclerosis and thrombosis represents a core pathophysiological mechanism contributing to the excess CV risk of patients with SVs. Skin represents an easily accessible tissue facilitating non-invasive microvascular study. In this study we aimed to investigate microcirculation dynamics and associate them with disease-related factors in patients with SVs.

Methods
We assessed skin microcirculation using laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI) and vascular reactivity by the post-occlusive reactive hyperaemia (PORH) protocol in a meticulously selected group of patients with SVs without CV disease and compared them to controls, matched for age, sex, BMI and smoking status.

Results
Sixty individuals were included in the study, 30 patients and 30 controls. Patients with SVs presented a lower peak magnitude during reperfusion phase (median [interquartile range] 207 [60.1] vs 143.7 [41.0] laser speckle perfusion units, P &lt; 0.001) and lower percentage cutaneous vascular conductance increase (mean (s.d.) 190.0 [49.6]% vs 149.6 [48.9]%, P = 0.002) as compared with controls. Importantly, microvascular damage was correlated with disease duration (P &lt; 0.001, r = −0.563 and P &lt; 0.001, r = 0.442, respectively).

Conclusion
For the first time we have shown that patients with SVs exhibit impaired microvascular function and blunted reactivity after occlusion, as this was demonstrated by the LSCI technique. Therefore, skin microcirculation may be a useful, non-invasive method in patients with SVs for the early detection of microvascular dysfunction, which is closely related to the high CV risk that these patients bear.
Drug Receives New Indication for Pediatric Graft-Versus-Host Disease
Authors: Aschenbrenner Diane S. 
Published: November 2022

Ibrutinib (Imbruvica) has received a new indication for the treatment of graft-versus-host disease in pediatric patients at least one year of age when one or more systemic therapies have failed.The product's labeling warns of the risk of hemorrhage, infections, cardiac arrythmias, cardiac failure and sudden death, hypertension, cytopenia, secondary primary malignancies, tumor lysis syndrome, and embryo–fetal toxicity.The most common adverse effects include laboratory abnormalities, musculoskeletal pain, pyrexia, pneumonia, abdominal pain, stomatitis, diarrhea, and headache. Nurses should carefully assess for these adverse effects and provide appropriate education regarding their prevention.