bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Letter of Credit Margin and Informational Pitfall
Authors: Ahmed Fakrul 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The study tries to find the relationship between the client’s financial statement variables and the margin loan provided to the clients. The data has been collected from the period of 2005–2020 observing 1254 clients of 18 banks in Bangladesh. A strong informational pitfall effects the margin loan application and approval process in the banking industry. Information from the clients’ financial statements has been used to regress and identify the correlation between the financial strength of the borrower and banks loan approval amount. Pooled ordinary least square regression and random effect model has been used to conduct the analysis. The variables are linearized using the log transformation and to conduct a simulation seven model transformation has been done to figure out the ideal model scenario.
Do Founders Attribute Their Success to Skill or Luck?
Authors: Lough Benjamin J 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
This study analyses transcripts derived from 183 podcast interviews that ask successful entrepreneurs whether luck or skill and hard work account for their success. It quantitatively disaggregates founders’ answers to this standard question based on differences in their gender, race, and country of origin. Qualitative analysis further considers the degree to which founders’ perspectives might be associated with an internalised locus of control and their social positioning, alongside their identities and belief systems. Findings indicate differences across gender, but no strong evidence of difference was evident by race and geography. Thematic analysis of transcripts revealed several additional determinants that founders attributed to their success. By investigating the lived experiences of successful founders disaggregated by gender, race, and geography, this study sheds light on how diverse founders attribute their success to various internal and external forces.
Identification and validation of methylated PENK gene for early detection of bladder cancer using urine DNA
Authors: Oh TaeJeong , Lim Eunkyung , Bang Bo Ram , Lee Justin Junguek , Na Yong Gil , Shin Ju Hyun , Lim Jae Sung , Song Ki Hak , An Sungwhan 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background:Early detection of bladder cancer (BCa) offers patients a favorable outcome and avoids the need for cystectomy. Development of an accurate and sensitive noninvasive BCa diagnostic test is imperative. DNA methylation is an early epigenetic event in the development of BCa. Certain specific aberrant methylations could serve as useful biomarkers. The aim of this study was to identify methylation biomarkers for early detection of BCa.Methods:CpG methylation microarray analysis was conducted on primary tumors with varying stages (T1 - T4) and paired nontumor tissues from nine BCa patients. Bisulfite-pyrosequencing was performed to confirm the methylation status of candidate genes in tissues and urine sediments (n = 51). Among them, PENK was selected as a potential candidate and validated using an independent set of 169 urine sediments (55 BCa, 25 benign urologic diseases, 8 other urologic cancers, and 81 healthy controls) with a quantitative methylation-specific real time PCR (mePENK-qMSP). All statistical analyses were performed using MedCalc software version 9.3.2.0.Results:CpG methylation microarray analysis and stepwise validation by bisulfite-pyrosequencing for tissues and urine sediments supported aberrant methylation sites of the PENK gene as potential biomarkers for early detection of BCa. Clinical validation of the mePENK-qMSP test using urine sediment-DNA showed a sensitivity of 86.5% (95% CI: 71.2 – 95.5%), a specificity of 92.5% (95% CI: 85.7 – 96.7%), and an area under ROC of 0.920 (95% CI: 0.863 – 0.959) in detecting Ta high-grade and advanced tumor stages (T1-T4) of BCa patients. Sensitivities for Ta low-grade, Ta high-grade, T1 and T2-T4 were 55.6%, 83.3%, 88.5%, and 100%, respectively. Methylation status of PENK was not correlated with sex, age or stage, while it was associated with the tumor grade of BCa.Conclusions:In this study, we analyzed the comprehensive patterns of DNA methylation identified that PENK methylation possesses a high potential as a biomarker for urine-based early detection of BCa. Validation of PENK methylation confirms that it could significantly improve the noninvasive detection of BCa.
Water purification using an eco-friendly adsorbent
Authors: Hassan Maali Alamjad , Samaka Isra'a Sadi 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe literature has proved the high efficiency of activated carbon in removing a wide range of pollutants from water; however, the high cost of industrial types of activated carbon is one of the barriers to the wide application of this efficient adsorbent. Therefore, this study aims at the development of a new type of activated carbon from the Schanginia/sp plant (Schanginia activated carbon (SAC)) and the possibility of using it as a biosorbent for the removal of methylene blue dye (MBD) from water. The SAC was subjected to characterisation analysis, including the surface area (SBET), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and statistical parametric mapping (SPM) before using it to remove the MBD. Furthermore, the efficacy of SAC was investigated in batch experiments, taking into account the effects of several experimental factors, namely pH of the solution, contact duration, SAC dose, and MBD concentration. The results showed the maximum uptake of MBD was 33.34 mg/g, and the Langmuir model is suitable to reproduce the optimum biosorption. In conclusion, the obtained results proved the applicability of SAC for the removal of MBD from water.
O Consumo de Bebida Alcoólica entre Mulheres Brasileiras
Authors: Silva Maria Isabel Félix da , Pachú Clésia Oliveira 
Published: April 2022

Resumo
A ingestão de bebida alcoólica se apresenta como comportamento socialmente aceito e integrado a diversas culturas. Assim, o álcool diferencia-se das demais drogas por ser uma droga lícita, fato que compromete o seu enfrentamento enquanto um problema de saúde pública, atrelado a inúmeros prejuízos sociais. Objetivou-se investigar as causas que culminam para o consumo de bebida alcoólica entre mulheres brasileiras, por meio de uma revisão integrativa. Trata-se de estudo de abordagem qualitativa, realizado mediante busca nas bases de dados SciELO Brasil, LILACS e PubMed. Utilizou-se os termos “consumo abusivo” AND “álcool” AND “mulheres” e “consumo abusivo” OR “álcool” AND “mulheres”, como estratégias de busca. Como critério inclusivo, adotou-se artigos que abordassem o consumo de álcool entre mulheres, publicados entre 2010 e 2020, e excluídos os desenvolvidos fora do Brasil ou não se achavam disponíveis em texto completo, além, dos repetidos nas bases de dados. Obteve-se um retorno de 1.348 artigos, tendo sido 14 incluídos para leitura prévia a fim de identificar quais estudos se ajustariam aos objetivos da pesquisa. Destes, 9 foram selecionados para integrar o presente estudo. Identificou-se prevalência de consumo entre mulheres jovens, e múltiplos fatores associados. Fatores como sexo, idade, nível socioeconômico, nível de escolaridade, histórico de álcool na família, as características do lugar onde residem, motivações de ordem emocional, aparecem implicados no comportamento de ingestão de álcool nesse público. Faz-se necessário novos estudos para oportunizar discussões mais aprofundadas no que concerne ao consumo de álcool nessa população específica.
Palavras-chave: Álcool; Alcoolismo feminino; Saúde pública.
Mechanistic Insights and Docking Studies of Phytomolecules as Potential Candidates
in the Management of Cancer
Authors: Sharma Pooja , Kumar Dinesh , Shri Richa , Kumar Suresh 
Published: April 2022

Background:
Cancer is a leading risk of death globally. According to the World Health Organization,
it is presently the second most important disease that causes death in both developing and developed countries.
Remarkable progress has been made in the war against cancer with the development of numerous novel
chemotherapy agents. However, it remains an immense challenge to discover new efficient therapeutic potential
candidates to combat cancer.

Objective:
The majority of the currently used anticancer drugs are of natural origins, such as curcumin, colchicine,
vinca alkaloid, paclitaxel, bergenin, taxols, and combretastatin. Concerning this, this review article presents
the structure of the most potent molecules along with IC50 values, structure-activity relationships, mechanistic
studies, docking studies, in silico studies of phytomolecules, and important key findings on human cancer
cell lines.

Methods:
A viewpoint of drug design and development of antiproliferative agents from natural phytomolecules
has been established by searching peer-reviewed literature from Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, Springer,
Science Direct, and Web of Science over the past few years.

Result:
Our analysis revealed that this article would assist chemical biologists and medicinal chemists in
industry and academia in gaining insights into the anticancer potential of phytomolecules.

Conclusion:
In vitro and in silico studies present phytomolecules, such as curcumin, colchicine, vinca alkaloids,
colchicine, bergenin, combretastatin, and taxol encompassing anticancer agents, offerings abundant sanguinity
and capacity in the arena of drug discovery to inspire the investigators towards the continual investigations
on these phytomolecules. It is extremely expected that efforts in this track will strengthen and grant some
budding cancer therapeutics candidates in the near future.
Prevalence of Risk Factors Associated with Intimate Partner Violence in Women of Reproductive Age from South Africa and Uganda
Authors: Mhelembe Talani , Ramroop Shaun , Habyarimana Faustin 
Published: April 2022

Background:Intimate partner violence (IPV) remains a primary health concern in both developing and developed countries. Even though some countries are intervening through awareness campaigns to boost IPV knowledge, the high prevalence remains a concern. This study's main objective was to assess IPV factors utilizing the generalized additive mixed model (GAMM).Methodology:The current research used datasets from the 2016 South Africa and Uganda Demographics and Health Surveys involving a total of 8514 and 18506 women, respectively. GAMM was used to examine the data. The result assessed if a woman has experienced some form of intimate violence or not.Results:This study found that 26.93% and 32.25% of women from South Africa and Uganda, respectively, have experienced intimate partner violence. Additionally, the results from this work using GAMM showed the following independent variables as significant risk factors of IPV: age of the woman's partner, marital status, region where the woman lives, age of the woman, media exposure, size of the family, polygamy, wife-beating attitude, sex of the household head, wealth index, pregnancy termination status, body mass index, marital status, cohabitation duration, partner's desire for children, partner's education level, woman's working status, woman's income compared to partner's income, and the person who usually decide on what to do with the woman's earnings.Conclusion:The study shows that socioeconomic and demographic variables are significant factors that can be used in policy development and contingency plans when tackling intimate partner violence. The results of this study can assist general health workers and organizations responsible for gender monitoring in the two countries in developing successful strategies to reduce intimate partner violence against women.
Potential of Streptomyces Strains Isolated from Soils as Biocontrol Agents
Against Fusarium Species
Authors: Amanizadeh Azam , Afshari Setareh Agha Kuchak , Bonjar Gholam Hosein Shahidi , Mosavi Seyyed Amin Ayatollahi 
Published: April 2022

Background:
Fusarium species are significant plant and human pathogens. Current chemical
agents against them are limited by their side effects and developed resistance, requiring an alternative
way to overcome this problem.

Objective:
We aimed to assess the inhibitory effects of Streptomyces strains isolated from soil samples
against Fusarium species.

Methods:
Totally 250 samples were collected. Morphological and physiological characterizations of the
isolates were investigated. All isolates were evaluated to test their antifungal activity against Fusarium
oxysporum and Fusarium solani. Molecular identification of active Streptomyces isolates was conducted
using the 16S rRNA gene.

Results:
Fifty Streptomyces isolates were obtained. Among them, two strains showed the most antagonistic
effect against Fusarium species. According to the analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences, these
isolates were identified as Streptomyces rochei.

Conclusion:
The obtained results of this study indicated that S. rochei could use as a potent source of
bioactive compounds with antifungal activity.
Topical Nanostructured Lipid Carriers of Alpha-mangostin and Resveratrol
for Synergistic Antioxidant Activity
Authors: Samprasit Wipada , Vasarach Chitralada , Opanasopit Praneet , Sriamornsak Pornsak , Chamsai Benchawan 
Published: April 2022

Background:
Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) are interesting lipid-based carrier
systems for enhancing the penetration of drugs through the skin after topical administration.

Objective:
Dual drug-loaded NLCs of alpha-mangostin (M) and resveratrol (R) to enhance antioxidant
activity were developed for topical delivery.

Methods:
The efficacy of a combination of M and R was evaluated in terms of the antioxidant activity. M and R were loaded into the NLCs using a high shear homogenization and ultrasonication process. The particle size, zeta potential, and physical properties of the NLCs were observed. The M and R loading efficiency as well as release patterns were examined using Franz diffusion cells. Moreover, the antioxidant efficacy and in vitro cytotoxicity in the normal human fibroblast (NHF) of the NLCs were evaluated as well.

Results:
The efficacy of a combination of M and R was evaluated in terms of the antioxidant
activity. M and R were loaded into the NLCs using a high shear homogenization and ultrasonication
process. The particle size, zeta potential, and physical properties of the NLCs were observed.
The M and R loading efficiency, as well as release patterns, were examined using Franz
diffusion cells. Moreover, the antioxidant efficacy and in vitro cytotoxicity in the normal human
fibroblast (NHF) of the NLCs were evaluated as well.

Conclusion:
The M and R loaded NLCs were attractive systems for the synergistic antioxidant
activity for topical application.
Curcumin Modulates the Expression of PPARα, CPT1, and MCAD to
Prevent Lipid Metabolism Alterations in the Hearts of Mice Fed with an
HFD
Authors: Meléndez-Salcido Cecilia G. , Vargas-Ortiz Katya , Silva-Gaona Oscar G. , León-García María C. , Macías-Cervantes Maciste H. , Ramírez-Emiliano Joel , Pérez-Vázquez Victoriano 
Published: April 2022

Background:
Consuming a high-fructose diet (HFD) contributes to obesity, dyslipidemia,
and cardiovascular diseases. It has been proposed that curcumin modulates lipid metabolism,
and it has a potential beneficial effect in the context of cardiometabolic diseases, although it has
not been demonstrated.

Objective:
This article evaluates the effect of curcumin on the expression of the PPARα, CPT1,
MCAD, VLCAD, and ACAA2 genes in the hearts of mice fed with an HFD.

Methods::
Four groups of male C57BL/6 mice (n = 6) were treated for 15 weeks as follows: 1)
standard diet (C), 2) standard diet + 0.75% (w/w) curcumin (C+Cur), 3) standard diet + 30% (w/v)
fructose (F), and 4) standard diet + 0.75% (w/w) curcumin + 30% (w/v) fructose (F+Cur). Bodyweight
gain, glucose, and the overall serum cholesterol levels were measured after the treatment.
The expression of PPARα, MCAD, VLCAD, ACAA2, and CPT1 was assessed by Western blot in
mice hearts.

Results:
Our data showed that a curcumin treatment induced a higher expression of PPARα and
ACAA2, whereas it decreased CPT1 and MCAD expression in the hearts of mice fed with an
HFD. However, it did not affect VLCAD expression.

Conclusion:
Curcumin regulated PPARα, CPT1, and MCAD expression and increased that of
ACAA2. This suggests a possible therapeutic use to prevent the alterations of mitochondrial fatty
acid metabolism in the hearts of mice fed with an HFD.
Identifying Cases of Shoulder Injury Related to Vaccine Administration (SIRVA) in the United States: Development and Validation of a Natural Language Processing Method
Authors: Zheng Chengyi , Duffy Jonathan , Liu In-Lu Amy , Sy Lina S , Navarro Ronald A , Kim Sunhea S , Ryan Denison S , Chen Wansu , Qian Lei , Mercado Cheryl , Jacobsen Steven J 
Published: April 2022

Background
Shoulder injury related to vaccine administration (SIRVA) accounts for more than half of all claims received by the National Vaccine Injury Compensation Program. However, due to the difficulty of finding SIRVA cases in large health care databases, population-based studies are scarce.

Objective
The goal of the research was to develop a natural language processing (NLP) method to identify SIRVA cases from clinical notes.

Methods
We conducted the study among members of a large integrated health care organization who were vaccinated between April 1, 2016, and December 31, 2017, and had subsequent diagnosis codes indicative of shoulder injury. Based on a training data set with a chart review reference standard of 164 cases, we developed an NLP algorithm to extract shoulder disorder information, including prior vaccination, anatomic location, temporality and causality. The algorithm identified 3 groups of positive SIRVA cases (definite, probable, and possible) based on the strength of evidence. We compared NLP results to a chart review reference standard of 100 vaccinated cases. We then applied the final automated NLP algorithm to a broader cohort of vaccinated persons with a shoulder injury diagnosis code and performed manual chart confirmation on a random sample of NLP-identified definite cases and all NLP-identified probable and possible cases.

Results
In the validation sample, the NLP algorithm had 100% accuracy for identifying 4 SIRVA cases and 96 cases without SIRVA. In the broader cohort of 53,585 vaccinations, the NLP algorithm identified 291 definite, 124 probable, and 52 possible SIRVA cases. The chart-confirmation rates for these groups were 95.5% (278/291), 67.7% (84/124), and 17.3% (9/52), respectively.

Conclusions
The algorithm performed with high sensitivity and reasonable specificity in identifying positive SIRVA cases. The NLP algorithm can potentially be used in future population-based studies to identify this rare adverse event, avoiding labor-intensive chart review validation.
Explaining the Varying Patterns of COVID-19 Deaths Across the United States: 2-Stage Time Series Clustering Framework
Authors: Megahed Fadel M , Jones-Farmer L Allison , Ma Yinjiao , Rigdon Steven E 
Published: April 2022

Background
Socially vulnerable communities are at increased risk for adverse health outcomes during a pandemic. Although this association has been established for H1N1, Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), and COVID-19 outbreaks, understanding the factors influencing the outbreak pattern for different communities remains limited.

Objective
Our 3 objectives are to determine how many distinct clusters of time series there are for COVID-19 deaths in 3108 contiguous counties in the United States, how the clusters are geographically distributed, and what factors influence the probability of cluster membership.

Methods
We proposed a 2-stage data analytic framework that can account for different levels of temporal aggregation for the pandemic outcomes and community-level predictors. Specifically, we used time-series clustering to identify clusters with similar outcome patterns for the 3108 contiguous US counties. Multinomial logistic regression was used to explain the relationship between community-level predictors and cluster assignment. We analyzed county-level confirmed COVID-19 deaths from Sunday, March 1, 2020, to Saturday, February 27, 2021.

Results
Four distinct patterns of deaths were observed across the contiguous US counties. The multinomial regression model correctly classified 1904 (61.25%) of the counties’ outbreak patterns/clusters.

Conclusions
Our results provide evidence that county-level patterns of COVID-19 deaths are different and can be explained in part by social and political predictors.
Characterizing Anchoring Bias in Vaccine Comparator Selection Due to Health Care Utilization With COVID-19 and Influenza: Observational Cohort Study
Authors: Ostropolets Anna , Ryan Patrick B , Schuemie Martijn J , Hripcsak George 
Published: April 2022

Background
Observational data enables large-scale vaccine safety surveillance but requires careful evaluation of the potential sources of bias. One potential source of bias is the index date selection procedure for the unvaccinated cohort or unvaccinated comparison time (“anchoring”).

Objective
Here, we evaluated the different index date selection procedures for 2 vaccinations: COVID-19 and influenza.

Methods
For each vaccine, we extracted patient baseline characteristics on the index date and up to 450 days prior and then compared them to the characteristics of the unvaccinated patients indexed on (1) an arbitrary date or (2) a date of a visit. Additionally, we compared vaccinated patients indexed on the date of vaccination and the same patients indexed on a prior date or visit.

Results
COVID-19 vaccination and influenza vaccination differ drastically from each other in terms of the populations vaccinated and their status on the day of vaccination. When compared to indexing on a visit in the unvaccinated population, influenza vaccination had markedly higher covariate proportions, and COVID-19 vaccination had lower proportions of most covariates on the index date. In contrast, COVID-19 vaccination had similar covariate proportions when compared to an arbitrary date. These effects attenuated, but were still present, with a longer lookback period. The effect of day 0 was present even when the patients served as their own controls.

Conclusions
Patient baseline characteristics are sensitive to the choice of the index date. In vaccine safety studies, unexposed index event should represent vaccination settings. Study designs previously used to assess influenza vaccination must be reassessed for COVID-19 to account for a potentially healthier population and lack of medical activity on the day of vaccination.