bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Radiologic–pathologic correlation of major versus minor extranodal extension in oral cavity cancer
Authors: Blasco Michael A. , Noel Christopher W. , Truong Tra , Huang Shao Hui , Goldstein David P. , Irish Jonathan C. , Gilbert Ralph , Hosni Ali , Hope Andrew , O'Sullivan Brian , Waldron John , Perez‐Ordonez Bayardo , Weinreb Ilan , Smith Stephen M. , Bartlett Eric , Yu Eugene , de Almeida John R. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundTo evaluate the diagnostic performance of radiologic extranodal extension (rENE) in predicting major (>2 mm) and minor (≤2 mm) pathologic ENE (pENE).MethodsAll oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma patients who underwent neck dissection with pathological nodal disease (pN+) between 2010 and 2015 were reviewed. Preoperative computed tomography and/or magnetic resonance imaging were reviewed by two head and neck neuroradiologists.ResultsThree hundred and thirty‐four patients were included. The sensitivity and specificity of rENE were 37% [95% CI 29–44] and 98% [95% CI 96–100], respectively. Sensitivity for pENE improved in the subset of patients with major ENE (48% [95% CI 38–57]). The presence of rENE was associated with inferior 3‐year overall survival: 26% [95% CI 17–41] versus 60% [95% CI 54–67].ConclusionsThis large cohort study demonstrates high specificity, but low sensitivity for preoperative imaging in the detection of pENE in OCSCC. Patients with rENE demonstrated poor OS. pENE in the absence of rENE is still an adverse risk factor.
Association of contralateral breast cancer risk with mammographic density defined at higher‐than‐conventional intensity thresholds
Authors: Watt Gordon P. , Knight Julia A. , Nguyen Tuong L. , Reiner Anne S. , Malone Kathleen E. , John Esther M. , Lynch Charles F. , Brooks Jennifer D. , Woods Meghan , Liang Xiaolin , Bernstein Leslie , Pike Malcolm C. , Hopper John L. , Bernstein Jonine L. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMammographic dense area (MDA) is an established predictor of future breast cancer risk. Recent studies have found that risk prediction might be improved by redefining MDA in effect at higher‐than‐conventional intensity thresholds. We assessed whether such higher‐intensity MDA measures gave stronger prediction of subsequent contralateral breast cancer (CBC) risk using the Women's Environment, Cancer, and Radiation Epidemiology (WECARE) Study, a population‐based CBC case‐control study of ≥1 year survivors of unilateral breast cancer diagnosed between 1990 and 2008. Three measures of MDA for the unaffected contralateral breast were made at the conventional intensity threshold (“Cumulus”) and at two sequentially higher‐intensity thresholds (“Altocumulus” and “Cirrocumulus”) using the CUMULUS software and mammograms taken up to 3 years prior to the first breast cancer diagnosis. The measures were fitted separately and together in multivariable‐adjusted logistic regression models of CBC (252 CBC cases and 271 unilateral breast cancer controls). The strongest association with CBC was MDA defined using the highest intensity threshold, Cirrocumulus (odds ratio per adjusted SD [OPERA] 1.40, 95% CI 1.13‐1.73); and the weakest association was MDA defined at the conventional threshold, Cumulus (1.32, 95% CI 1.05‐1.66). In a model fitting the three measures together, the association of CBC with Cirrocumulus was unchanged (1.40, 95% CI 0.97‐2.05), and the lower brightness measures did not contribute to the CBC model fit. These results suggest that MDA defined at a high‐intensity threshold is a better predictor of CBC risk and has the potential to improve CBC risk stratification beyond conventional MDA measures.
Integration of hatha yoga and evidence‐based psychological treatments for common mental disorders: An evidence map
Authors: O'Shea Melissa , Capon Hannah , Evans Subhadra , Agrawal Jyotsna , Melvin Glenn , O'Brien Jennifer , McIver Shane 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundInterest in the use of yoga to enhance engagement with and augment the benefits of psychological treatment has grown. However, a systematic approach to reviewing existing research examining the use of yoga with psychological treatment is lacking.Materials and MethodsThis mapping review identified and synthesised research trialling yoga as an integrated or adjunct therapy with evidence‐based psychological interventions for the treatment of anxiety, depression, PTSD, and eating disorders.ResultsOverall, the review identified ten published and three unpublished studies, representing either single group or small quasi‐experimental research designs.DiscussionLimited but promising findings were shown for yoga with CBT for anxiety and depression, and the integration of yoga within intensive treatment models for PTSD.ConclusionsFuture research is encouraged to focus on controlled trials that enable examination of the component effect of yoga when applied with evidence‐based psychological treatment and acceptability and feasibility data to further knowledge regarding a role for yoga in clinical practice.
Assessment of pericallosal artery at 11–14 weeks of gestation: Cohort study and meta‐analysis
Authors: Vasciaveo Lorenzo , Rizzo Giuseppe , Khalil Asma , Alameddine Sara , Di Girolamo Raffaella , Candia Mariangela , De Lucia Graziana , Mappa Ilenia , Liberati Marco , Nappi Luigi , D'Antonio Francesco 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo report the rate of visualization of the pericallosal artery (PCA) in the first trimester of pregnancy (11–14 weeks).MethodsProspective observational study of consecutive fetuses undergoing first trimester risk assessment for chromosomal anomalies. The presence of PCA was assessed in a midsagittal view of fetal brain using high‐definition power Color Doppler. A normal course of the PCA was defined as the visualization of an artery emerging from the anterior cerebral artery running parallel the corpus callosum (CC). The reference standard was the visualization of CC and PCA between the 20 and 22 weeks of gestation. We also performed a systematic review and meta‐analysis of the published literature. Multivariate logistic regression and random‐effect meta‐analyses of proportion were used to analyze the data.ResultsCohort study: Five‐hundred women were included. PCA was identified trans‐abdominally or transvaginally at 11–14 weeks of gestation in 98.8% (95% CI 97.4–99.6: 494/500); of the four cases of PCA not identified one had a diagnosis of complete agenesis of the corpus callosum during the anomaly scan which was confirmed at birth.Systematic review of the published literature: Six studies (1093 fetuses, including the present series) were included. The PCA was detected at the 11–14 weeks scan and confirmed to co‐exist with a normal CC at time of the anomaly scan in 96.9% (95% CI 93.8–99.0); 20.6% (95% CI 5.7–41.7) of fetuses with no clear identification of the PCA at the 11–14 weeks scan had a normal appearance of the CC at the time of anomaly scan.ConclusionPrenatal ultrasonography has a high diagnostic accuracy in detecting PCA in the first trimester. Visualization of the PCA at the time of 11–14 scan is highly specific for the presence of a normal CC later in pregnancy.
Fibrin clot characteristics and anticoagulant response in a SARS‐CoV‐2‐infected endothelial model
Authors: McCafferty Conor , Lee Leo , Cai Tengyi , Praporski Slavica , Stolper Julian , Karlaftis Vasiliki , Attard Chantal , Myint David , Carey Leeanne M. , Howells David W. , Donnan Geoffrey A. , Davis Stephen , Ma Henry , Crewther Sheila , Nguyen Vinh A. , Van Den Helm Suelyn , Letunica Natasha , Swaney Ella , Elliott David , Subbarao Kanta , Ignjatovic Vera , Monagle Paul 
Published: March 2022

AbstractCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) patients have increased thrombosis risk. With increasing age, there is an increase in COVID‐19 severity. Additionally, adults with a history of vasculopathy have the highest thrombotic risk in COVID‐19. The mechanisms of these clinical differences in risk remain unclear. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were infected with SARS‐CoV‐2, influenza A/Singapore/6/86 (H1N1) or mock‐infected prior to incubation with plasma from healthy children, healthy adults or vasculopathic adults. Fibrin on surface of cells was observed using scanning electron microscopy, and fibrin characteristics were quantified. This experiment was repeated in the presence of bivalirudin, defibrotide, low‐molecular‐weight‐heparin (LMWH) and unfractionated heparin (UFH). Fibrin formed on SARS‐CoV‐2 infected HUVECs was densely packed and contained more fibrin compared to mock‐infected cells. Fibrin generated from child plasma was the thicker than fibrin generated in vasculopathic adult plasma (p = 0.0165). Clot formation was inhibited by LMWH (0.5 U/ml) and UFH (0.1–0.7 U/ml). We show that in the context of the SARS‐CoV‐2 infection on an endothelial culture, plasma from vasculopathic adults produces fibrin clots with thinner fibrin, indicating that the plasma coagulation system may play a role in determining the thrombotic outcome of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. Heparinoid anticoagulants were most effective at preventing clot formation.
GDF‐15 is associated with atherosclerosis in adults with transfusion‐dependent beta‐thalassemia
Authors: Efat Alaa , Wahb Rana , Shoeib Sabry Abd Allah , Dawod Ashraf Abd ElRaof , Abd ElHafez Mohamad Ahmed , Abd ElMohsen Essam Ali , Elkholy Aly 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectives: To study serum growth differentiation factor‐15 (GDF‐15) serum level in β‐thalassemia patients and its relation to carotid intima‐media thickness.Background: Thalassemia is a common genetic disease resulting in decreased beta‐chains, leading to manifested anemia. It may be subsequently complicated by iron overload, which induces numerous morbidities and even death. Growth differentiation factor‐15 (GDF‐15) is a strong and independent predictor of mortality and disease progression in patients with atherosclerosis alongside with carotid‐intimal media thickness (CIMT).Patients and methods: This monocentric case‐control study was done on 90 subjects in the period from January 2020 to March 2021. Sixty transfusion‐dependent beta‐thalassemia (TDβT) cases (≥18 years) were selected from the thalassemia clinic of Hematology division at Menoufia University hospitals. We included also 30 sex and age matched healthy as the controls. Routine investigations were done beside. Serum GDF‐15 was measured by ELISA. CIMT was measured by Doppler Ultrasonography.Results: CIMT on both sides was statistically significant higher in cases (median of 0.08 cm) than in the controls (median of 0.04). GDF‐15 was also significantly higher in cases (median of 1839.89 pg/dl) than in controls (median of 256.14 pg/dl). So, we found that GDF‐15 is a predictor of and associated with atherosclerosis in thalassemic adults (OR = 39.198, p value 0.008, 95% CI: 2.576–596.5).Conclusion: GDF‐ 15 is increased in TDβT. CIMT (as a marker of subclinical atherosclerosis) is increased in these patients alongside with GDF‐15, is a predictor, and associated with atherosclerosis in thalassemic adults.
Examination of control asymptomatic cohorts reveals heightened anti‐EBV and HHV‐6 A/B dUTPase antibodies in the aging populations
Authors: Alharshawi Khaled , Cox Brandon , Ariza Maria E. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMembers of the human Herpesviridae are found in high prevalence in the human virome. While these viruses are known to cause numerous disease pathologies in symptomatic individuals little is known concerning the role that these viruses may have in modulating the host immune system in asymptomatic “healthy” individuals, especially during the aging process. Examination of three cohorts of “healthy asymptomatic” individuals (n = 255) for the presence of antibodies against the herpesviruses deoxyuridine triphosphate nucleotidohydrolase (dUTPase) as a marker for lytic/abortive‐lytic replication demonstrated that all cohorts exhibited differential anti‐herpesvirus dUTPase antibodies positivity frequencies ranging from 40.4% to 84% with some individuals in these cohorts expressing antibodies to the dUTPases of multiple herpesviruses (17.2%–56%). Furthermore, our results demonstrate that there was a statistically significant difference in anti‐human herpesvirus 6 A and 6B (HHV‐6 A/B) dUTPase antibodies in Cohort 3 (age = 66.2 ± 15.02 years) versus Cohort 1 (age 46.88 ± 8.61 years), suggesting that reactivation of HHV‐6 A/B is not attenuated by aging. It is well established/documented that herpesvirus dUTPases induce immune dysfunction, as such it is of critical importance that additional studies be performed to determine how these viral proteins alter immune responses in asymptomatic individuals.
A late 1980s shift in El Niño influence on rainfall over Uruguay during austral spring
Authors: Fernández Pablo , Barreiro Marcelo 
Published: March 2022

AbstractRainfall over Uruguay is characterized by large interannual variability partially due to the influence of El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO), such that El Niño (La Niña) events on average lead to increased (decreased) rainfall during austral spring (October–December) particularly in the northern portion of the country. Here we document a clear shift in the late 1980s of the influence of ENSO on rainfall over Uruguay during this season. Analyses based on observed station data and a reanalysis show that before the late 1980s ENSO influence was relatively weak and only in the northern portion of the country. After the late 1980s the ENSO signal became stronger and affected both the southern and northern portions of Uruguay. Moreover, we found that this shift was mainly related to the impact of El Niño events, not of La Niña. Before the 1980s there is a negative relationship between the magnitude of El Niño events and rainfall anomalies over Uruguay, while after this date the relationship became positive so that rainfall anomalies are largest for strong El Niño events. The change in the impact of El Niño events is traced back to distinct extratropical teleconnections. To explore this, we defined a South American Teleconnection Index (ITSA), which characterizes the geopotential height anomalies over South America that determine the positive rainfall anomalies during El Niño over Uruguay. It is shown that after the late 1980s the ITSA is well connected to ENSO, while before late 1980s ITSA is more dependent on other variability modes such as the Southern Annular Mode.
Comprehensive assessment of CMIP5 and CMIP6 models in simulating and projecting precipitation over the global land
Authors: Du Yi , Wang Dagang , Zhu Jinxin , Wang Dayang , Qi Xiaoxing , Cai Jingheng 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe warming climate can considerably alter the Earth's water cycle and change precipitation over land. Climate models are the primary tools for projecting precipitation changes and evaluating climate impacts in various fields. This study compares precipitation from 45 models in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) and 49 models in Phase 6 (CMIP6) to observations. The results reveal that the CMIP6 models outperform the CMIP5 models in simulating precipitation patterns over the global land for the historical period. The cumulative distribution function matching method is used to correct the bias in the outputs of the selected CMIP5 and CMIP6 models, and the multi‐model ensemble (MME) of the corrected models is then utilized in projecting the precipitation changes under the future scenarios over the global land. The observation‐constrained projections show that there is a significant increasing trend in the annual global land precipitation during 2021–2100 under all four scenarios, and the rates are 3.0, 4.23, 6.77 and 8.96 mm/decade under the RCP4.5, SSP2‐4.5, RCP8.5 and SSP5‐8.5 scenarios, respectively. Moreover, the average annual global land precipitation is projected to increase by 4.9% (RCP4.5), 8.1% (RCP8.5), 4.6% (SSP2‐4.5) and 10.1% (SSP5‐8.5) by 2081–2100 relative to 1986–2005. Increases in global average precipitation may result in more flood, causing higher flooding risk in the future.
Significant predictors for topiramate pharmacokinetics: a systematic review of population pharmacokinetic studies
Authors: Tippayachai Patinee , Leelakanok Nattawut , Methaneethorn Janthima 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundTopiramate (TPM) is a second‐generation antiepileptic drug with a good pharmacokinetic profile; nonetheless, several factors such as age, renal function and concomitant medications have been reported to affect TPM clearance and dosage adjustments are necessary. Several population pharmacokinetic studies of TPM were developed and the results were partially inconsistent, with different predictors for TPM pharmacokinetic parameters and different structural models. Thus, we aimed to systematically summarise clinically significant covariates influencing TPM pharmacokinetics and clinical responses.MethodsPubMed, CINAHL Complete, Science Direct and SCOPUS databases were systematically searched from the date of their inception to May 2021. Studies conducted in humans employing a nonlinear mixed‐effects approach were included in this review. Information from retrieved articles were independently extracted using the prespecified data abstraction form.ResultsTen studies were included and most of them characterised TPM pharmacokinetics with a linear one‐compartment model. The estimated TPM clearance without covariate effects ranged from 1.15 to 2.25 L/h. Significant predictors for TPM clearance included concomitant medications, weight, age, creatinine clearance and TPM daily dose. Moreover, two studies reported the effect of TPM exposure on cognitive function, with limitations on the generalisability.ConclusionsSignificant predictors for TPM clearance that are essential for individualising dosage regimens were concomitant medications, weight, age, creatinine clearance and TPM daily dose. High TPM levels had negative impacts on verbal fluency, working memory, attention and psychomotor speed; however, future studies with broader population characteristics are needed to increase generalisability.
Evidence for the development of skills for education, leadership and innovation through experiential‐based foundational pharmacy residency programs: a narrative review
Authors: Al‐Diery Tarik , Page Amy Theresa , Johnson Jacinta Lee , Walker Steven , Sandulache Diana , Wilby Kyle John 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAimThe aim of this narrative literature review was to describe the existing evidence for a post‐graduate experiential learning program, such as a foundational pharmacy residency, to support the competency development for early‐career pharmacists in conducting education, leadership and supporting innovation.MethodsWe identified publications that addressed research in skills development within foundational pharmacy residency programs. Articles were identified using the databases Scopus and Embase.ResultsIt was found that foundational residency programs have supported competency development in delivering education, leadership and management, and support of innovation and quality improvement. Residency programs have fostered these skills development through the use of courses, assessments and activities, but to varying degrees. Many of these skills are attained as a benefit of inclusion and mentorship in non‐clinical tasks.ConclusionResidency programs can serve as a strong platform for the development of non‐clinical skills in education, leadership and innovation. A mix of activities and course‐specific skills building courses have demonstrated levels of success in developing skills in education, leadership and innovation when implemented.
Perception of risk and treatment decisions in the management of differentiated thyroid cancer
Authors: Schumm Max A. , Shu Michelle L. , Kim Jiyoon , Tseng Chi‐Hong , Zanocco Kyle , Livhits Masha J. , Leung Angela M. , Yeh Michael W. , Sacks Greg D. , Wu James X. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThe recent de‐escalation of care for differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) has broadened the range of initial treatment options. We examined the association between physicians' perception of risk and their management of DTC.MethodsThyroid specialists were surveyed with four clinical vignettes: (1) indeterminate nodule (2) tall cell variant papillary thyroid cancer (PTC), (3) papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (mPTC), and (4) classic PTC. Participants judged the operative risks and likelihood of structural cancer recurrence associated with more versus less aggressive treatments. A logistic mixed effect model was used to predict treatment choice.ResultsAmong 183 respondents (13.4% response rate), 44% were surgical and 56% medical thyroid specialists. Risk estimates and treatment recommendation varied markedly in each case. Respondents' estimated risk of 10‐year cancer recurrence after lobectomy for a 2.0‐cm PTC ranged from 1% to 53% (interquartile range [IQR]: 3%–12%), with 66% recommending lobectomy and 34% total thyroidectomy. Respondents' estimated 5‐year risk of metastastic disease during active surveillance of an 0.8‐cm mPTC ranged from 0% to 95% (IQR: 4%–15%), with 36% choosing active surveillance. Overall, differences in perceived risk reduction explained 10.3% of the observed variance in decision‐making.ConclusionsMost of the variation in thyroid cancer treatment aggressiveness is unrelated to perceived risk of cancer recurrence.
Preparation of two‐dimensional boron nitride‐layered double hydroxide hybrid to reinforce the corrosion protection of the epoxy coating
Authors: Zhu Aoqi , Wang Hongchao , Xue Mingjin , Cao Ying , He Jianmin , Lu Wei , Xu Yiting , Zeng Birong , Yuan Conghui , Chen Guorong , Dai Lizong 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn this study, DBNs‐aminated layered double hydroxide (ALDH) was prepared by connecting ALDH with hydroxylated boron nitride nanosheet (OH–BNs) which was obtained by high‐temperature steam method from hexagonal boron nitride nanosheet (h‐BNs) through the polydopamine. DBNs‐ALDH was characterized by fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy, x‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive spectrometer, transmission electron microscope, Raman, and x‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses to prove the success of the synthesis. Change of chloride ion concentration was chosen to evaluate the ion exchange function of DBNs‐ALDH. Then, the epoxy resin (EP) mixed with DBNs‐ALDH was coated on the Q215 steel to form a composite epoxy coating. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy test and brine immersion test were used to characterize the anticorrosion performance of composite EP coating. The results revealed that the DBNs‐ALDH reinforced the anticorrosion performance of the EP coating.