bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interactions of selected cardiovascular active natural compounds with CXCR4 and CXCR7 receptors: a molecular docking, molecular dynamics, and pharmacokinetic/toxicity prediction study
Authors: Murad Hussam Aly Sayed , Alqurashi Thamer Mohammed Ahmed , Hussien Mostafa Aly 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe chemokine CXCL12 and its two receptors (CXCR4 and CXCR7) are involved in inflammation and hematopoietic cell trafficking. This study was designed to investigate molecular docking interactions of four popular cardiovascular-active natural compounds; curcumin, resveratrol, quercetin, and eucalyptol; with these receptors and to predict their drug-like properties. We hypothesize that these compounds can modify CXCL12/CXCR4/CXCR7 pathway offering benefits for coronary artery disease patients.MethodsDocking analyses were carried and characterized by Molecular Environment (MOE) software. Protein Data Bank (http://www.rcsb.org/) has been retrieved from protein structure generation and crystal structures of CXCR4 and CXCR7 receptors (PDB code = 3ODU and 6K3F). The active sites of these receptors were evaluated and extracted from full protein and molecular docking protocol was done for compounds against them. The presented parameters included docking scores, ligand binding efficiency, and hydrogen bonding. The pharmacokinetic/toxic properties (ADME/T) were calculated using SwissADME, ProTox-II, and Pred-hERG softwares to predict drug-like properties of the compounds. The thermochemical and molecular orbital analysis, and molecular dynamics simulations were also done.ResultsAll compounds showed efficient interactions with the CXCR4 and CXCR7 receptors. The docking scores toward proteins 3ODU of CXCR4 and 6K3F of CXCR7 were − 7.71 and − 7.17 for curcumin, − 5.97 and − 6.03 for quercetin, − 5.68 and − 5.49 for trans-resveratrol, and − 4.88 and − 4.70 for (1 s,4 s)-eucalyptol respectively indicating that all compounds, except quercetin, have more interactions with CXCR4 than with CXCR7. The structurally and functionally important residues in the interactive sites of docked CXCR4-complex and CXCR7-complex were identified. The ADME analysis showed that the compounds have drug-like properties. Only (1 s,4 s)-Eucalyptol has potential weak cardiotoxicity. The results of thermochemical and molecular orbital analysis and molecular dynamics simulation validated outcomes of molecular docking study.ConclusionsCurcumin showed the top binding interaction against active sites of CXCR4 and CXCR7 receptors, with the best safety profile, followed by quercetin, resveratrol, and eucalyptol. All compounds demonstrated drug-like properties. Eucalyptol has promising potential because it can be used by inhalation or skin massage. To our knowledge, this is the first attempt to find binding interactions of these natural agents with CXCR4 and CXCR7 receptors and to predict their druggability.
Job performance in healthcare: a systematic review
Authors: Krijgsheld Marcel , Tummers Lars G. , Scheepers Floortje E. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Healthcare organisations face major challenges to keep healthcare accessible and affordable. This requires them to transform and improve their performance. To do so, organisations must influence employee job performance. Therefore, it is necessary to know what the key dimensions of job performance in healthcare are and how these dimensions can be improved. This study has three aims. The first aim is to determine what key dimensions of job performance are discussed in the healthcare literature. The second aim is to determine to which professionals and healthcare organisations these dimensions of job performance pertain. The third aim is to identify factors that organisations can use to affect the dimensions of job performance in healthcare.

Methods
A systematic review was conducted using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. The authors searched Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, and Google Books, which resulted in the identification of 763 records. After screening 92 articles were included.

Results
The dimensions – task, contextual, and adaptative performance and counterproductive work behaviour – are reflected in the literature on job performance in healthcare. Adaptive performance and counterproductive work behaviour appear to be under-researched. The studies were conducted in different healthcare organisations and pertain to a variety of healthcare professionals. Organisations can affect job performance on the macro-, meso-, and micro-level to achieve transformation and improvement.

Conclusion
Based on more than 90 studies published in over 70 journals, the authors conclude that job performance in healthcare can be conceptualised into four dimensions: task, contextual and adaptive performance, and counterproductive work behaviour. Generally, these dimensions correspond with the dimensions discussed in the job performance literature. This implies that these dimensions can be used for further research into job performance in healthcare. Many healthcare studies on job performance focus on two dimensions: task and contextual performance. However, adaptive performance, which is of great importance in constantly changing environments, is under-researched and should be examined further in future research. This also applies to counterproductive work behaviour. To improve job performance, interventions are required on the macro-, meso-, and micro-levels, which relate to governance, leadership, and individual skills and characteristics.
Physician turnover in primary health care services in the East Zone of São Paulo City, Brazil: incidence and associated factors
Authors: Bourget Monique M. M. , Cassenote Alex J. F. , Scheffer Mário C. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
The shortage and high turnover of physicians is a recurrent problem in health care systems; this is especially harmful to the expansion and full operation of primary health care (PHC). The aim of this paper is to analyze incidence and associated factors with physician turnover in primary health care services in the East Zone of São Paulo City.

Methods
This is a retrospective cohort study of 1378 physicians over a 15 years’ time period based on physicians’ administrative records from two distinct secondary databases. Physicians’ individual characteristics were analyzed including graduation and specialization. Survival analysis techniques such Kaplan-Meier and Cox Regression were used to analyze the termination of contract.

Results
One thousand three hundred seventy-eight physicians were included in the study of which 130 [9.4%(CI95 8.0–11.1%)] remained in the PHC services. The mean and median time until the occurrence of the physician leaving the service was 2.14 years (CI95% 1.98–2.29 years) and 1.17 years [(CI95% 1.05–1.28 years)]. The probability of contract interruption was 45% in the first year and 68% in the second year. Independent factors associated with TEC were identified: workload of 40 h/week HR = 1.71 [(CI95% 1.4–2.09), p < 0.001]; initial salary ≤1052 BGI HR = 1.87 [(CI95 1.64–2.15), p < 0.001]; time since graduation ≤2 years HR =1.36 [(CI95 1.18–1.56), p < 0.001]; and the conclusion of residency in up to 3 years after leaving the service HR = 1.69 [(CI95 1.40–2.04), p < 0.001].

Conclusions
The time of employment of the physician in PHC was relatively short, with a high probability of TEC in the first year. Modifiable factors such as working hours, starting salary, time since graduation from medical school and need to enter in a residency program were associated with TEC. In pointing out that modifiable factors are responsible for long term employment or the end of contract of physicians in PHC services of the Unified Health System in the periphery of a metropolitan area, the study provides support for the planning, implementation and management of policies and strategies aimed at attracting and retaining physicians in suburban, priority or underserved regions.
A qualitative study on promoting reablement among older people living at home in Norway: opportunities and constraints
Authors: Ambugo Eliva Atieno , Dar Imran , Bikova Mariya S. , Førland Oddvar , Tjerbo Trond 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Healthcare services that traditionally have been provided in long-term care institutions in Norway are increasingly being delivered at home to a growing population of older people with chronic conditions and functional limitations. Fostering reablement among older people is therefore important if they are to live safety at home for as long as possible. This study examines how healthcare professionals and managers (staff) in Norwegian municipalities promote reablement among community-dwelling older people.

Methods
Face-to-face, semi-structured interviews lasting between 21 and 89 min were conducted between November 2018 and March 2019 with healthcare managers (N = 8) and professionals (N = 8 focus groups with 2–5 participants) in six municipalities in Norway. All interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and thematically coded inductively and analyzed with the aid of NVivo 12 software.

Results
Overall, healthcare staff in this study used several strategies to promote reablement, including: carrying out assessments to evaluate older people’s functional status and needs (including for safe home environments), and to identify older people’s wishes and priorities with regard to reablement training. Staff designed care plans informed by the needs assessments, and worked with older people on reablement training at a suitable pace. They promoted among older people and staff (within and across care-units) the principle of ‘showing/doing with’ versus ‘doing for’ the older person so as to not enable disablement. Additionally, they supported older people in the safe and responsible use of welfare technology and equipment. Even so, staff also reported constraints to their efforts to foster reablement, such as: heavy workload, high turnover, insufficient training in reablement care, and poor collaboration across care-units.

Conclusion
Older people may be supported to live safely at home by meeting them as individuals with agency, identifying and tailoring services to their needs and wishes, and encouraging their functional abilities by ‘showing/doing with’ versus ‘doing for them’ when possible. The healthcare professionals and managers in this study were positive towards reablement care. However, meeting the resource demands of reablement care is a key challenge.
Trend and projection of skilled birth attendants and institutional delivery coverage for adolescents in 54 low- and middle-income countries, 2000–2030
Authors: Rahman Md. Mizanur , Taniguchi Hiroko , Nsashiyi Raïssa Shiyghan , Islam Rashedul , Mahmud Syed Riaz , Rahman Shafiur , Jung Jenny , Khan Shahjahan 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Limitations to accessing delivery care services increase the risks of adverse outcomes during pregnancy and delivery for all pregnant women, particularly among adolescents in LMICs. In order to inform adolescent-specific delivery care initiatives and coverage, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of trends, projections and inequalities in coverage of delivery care services among adolescents at national, urban-rural and socio-economic levels in LMICs.

Methods
Using 224 nationally representative cross-sectional survey data between 2000 and 2019, we estimated the coverage of institutional delivery (INSD) and skilled birth attendants (SBA). Bayesian hierarchical regression models were used to estimate trends, projections and determinants of INSD and SBA.

Results
Coverage of delivery care services among adolescents increased substantially at the national level, as well as in both urban and rural areas in most countries between 2000 and 2018. Of the 54 LMICs, 24 countries reached 80% coverage of both INSD and SBA in 2018, and predictions for 40 countries are set to exceed 80% by 2030. The trends in coverage of INSD and SBA of adult mothers mostly align with those for adolescent mothers. Our findings show that urban-rural and wealth-based inequalities to delivery care remain persistent by 2030. In 2018, urban settings across 54 countries had higher rates of coverage exceeding 80% compared to rural for both INSD (45 urban, 16 rural) and SBA (50 urban, 19 rural). Several factors such as household head age ≥ 46 years, household head being female, access to mass media, lower parity, higher education, higher ANC visits and higher socio-economic status could increase the coverage of INSD and SBA among adolescents and adult women.

Conclusions
More than three-quarters of the LMICs are predicted to achieve 80% coverage of INSD and SBA among adolescent mothers in 2030, although with sustained inequalities.
Seroprevalence of brucellosis, Q fever and Rift Valley fever in domestic ruminants in Guinea in 2017–2019
Authors: Troupin Cécile , Ellis Isabelle , Doukouré Bakary , Camara Alimou , Keita Moustapha , Kagbadouno Moise , Bart Jean-Mathieu , Diallo Ramadan , Lacôte Sandra , Marianneau Philippe , Groschup Martin H , Tordo Noël 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Brucellosis, Q fever and Rift Valley fever are considered as Neglected Zoonotic Diseases (NZDs) leading to socioeconomic losses in livestock globally, and particularly in developing countries of Africa where they are under-reported. In this study, we evaluated the seroprevalence of these 3 zoonotic diseases in domestic ruminants in Guinea from 2017 to 2019. A total of 1357 sera, sampled from 463 cattle, 408 goats and 486 sheep, were collected in 17 Guinean prefectures and analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Results
Cattle was the species with highest seroprevalence (5 to 20-fold higher than in small ruminants) for the three diseases. The seroprevalence of brucellosis, mostly focused in Western Guinea, was 11.0% (51 of 463) in cattle, 0.4% (2 in 486) in sheep while no specific antibodies were found in goats. Q fever, widespread across the country, was the most frequently detected zoonosis with a mean seroprevalence of 20.5% (95 in 463), 4.4% (18 in 408) and 2.3% (11 in 486) in cattle, goats and sheep, respectively. The mean seroprevalence of RVF was 16.4% (76 in 463) in cattle, 1.0% (4 in 408) in goats and 1.0% (5 in 486) in sheep. Among the samples 19.3% were seropositive for at least one of the three NZDs, 2.5% showed specific antibodies against at least two pathogens and 4 cattle (0.8%) were seropositive for all three pathogens. In cattle, adults over 3-years old and females presented a higher antibody seroprevalence for the three diseases, in congruence with putative exposure risk.

Conclusions
This study confirms the circulation of these three zoonotic pathogens in Guinea and highlights the need for implementing a syndromic surveillance of ruminant abortions by the Guinean veterinary authorities as well as for the screening of the human population at risk (veterinarians, breeders, slaughterers) in a One Health perspective.
Validation and reproducibility of a semi-qualitative food frequency questionnaire for assessment of sodium intake in Iranian population
Authors: Mohammadifard Noushin , Grau Narges , Khosravi Alireza , Esmaillzadeh Ahmad , Feizi Awat , Abdollahi Zahra , Sarrafzadegan Nizal 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Few semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaires (SFFQ)s has yet been developed to assess sodium intake in Middle East region. This study was performed to validate a SFFQ for assessment of sodium consumption and food groups΄ contribution to sodium intake.

Methods
This study was performed on 219 healthy participants including 113 adults aged ≥19 years and 106 children aged 6–18 years in Isfahan, Iran. They were administered two SFFQ at the beginning and after 1 year to evaluate the reproducibility. The validity of SFFQ for assessment of sodium intake was compared with 24-h urine sodium and twelve 24-h dietary recalls which were completed monthly during a year as two standard methods.

Results
Correlation coefficient between the contribution of food groups to sodium intake based on SFFQ and 24-h dietary recalls varied from 0.04 for legumes (P = 0.667) to 0.47 for added salt (P < 0.001). There was a significant correlation between the estimated total sodium intake based on SFFQ and both standard methods (P < 0.01). Intraclass correlation coefficient (95% CI) between first and second SFFQ had a diverse range from 0.10 (-0.05, 0.17) for fats and oils to 0.49 (0.28, 0.69) for bread. According to the Bland-Altman plots, we observed an acceptable level of agreement between the two methods for sodium intake.

Conclusions
The SFFQ was a relatively valid and reproducible method for estimating sodium intake. Combination of this SFFQ with a valid prediction of 24-h urinary sodium excretion can be useful in achieving more accurate results.
The oxygenation module: the missing link in using sleep apnea devices to treat COVID-19 pneumonia at home
Authors: Bliznuks Dmitrijs , Kistkins Svjatoslavs , Teličko Jevgēnijs , Geža Vadims , Zāģeris Ģirts , Svaža Artis , Syundyukov Emil , Purenkovs Mārtiņš , Zeme Dana , Jēkabsone Solveiga , Žentiņa Dace , Pīrāgs Valdis , Taivans Immanuels 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
The study aims at solving the problem with the limitations of the homecare CPAP equipment such as sleep apnea devices in the treatment of COVID-19 pneumonia. By adding an advanced, rapid-to-produce oxygenation module to existing CPAP devices we allow distributing healthcare at all levels, reducing the load on intensive care units, promoting treatment in the early stages at homecare. A significant part of the COVID-19 pneumonia patients requires not only an oxygen supply but also additional air pressure. Existing home care devices are able to create precise positive airway pressure, but cannot precisely measure supplied oxygen concentration. Either uses uncertified and potentially unsafe mechanisms.

Results
The developed system allows using certified and widely available CPAP (constant positive airway pressure) devices to perform the critical function of delivering pressure and oxygen to airways. CPAP device is connected to the designed add-on module that can provide predefined oxygen concentration in a precise and stable manner. Clinical test results include data from 12 COVID-19 positive patients. The device has been compared against certified NIV (non-invasive) equipment under 6–20 hPa pressure and 30–70% FiO2. Tests have proved that the developed system can achieve the same SaO2 (p = 0.93) and PaO2 (p = 0.80) levels as NIV with clinically insignificant differences. Test results show that the designed system can substitute NIV equipment for a significant part of COVID-19 patients while leaving existing NIV devices for unstable and critical patients. The system has been designed to be mass-produced while having medically certified critical components.

Conclusion
The clinical testing of the new device for oxygen supplementation of patients treated using simple CPAP devices looks promising and could be used for the treatment of COVID-19 pneumonia.
Experience of danaparoid to treat vaccine-induced immune thrombocytopenia and thrombosis, VITT
Authors: Myllylahti Lasse , Pitkänen Hanna , Magnani Harry , Lassila Riitta 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Vaccine-induced immune thrombocytopenia and thrombosis (VITT) is triggered by nCOV-19 adenovirus-vectored vaccines against SARS-CoV2. Pathogenesis has been mainly related to platelet activation via PF4-reactive antibodies that activate platelets and may cross-react with heparin. Data concerning optimal anticoagulation are anecdotal, and so far, there are scattered reports of danaparoid use in VITT management. Danaparoid has good efficacy and safety in treatment of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. We report here our experience of the administration and monitoring danaparoid in VITT.

Methods
We diagnosed a series of six hospitalized cases of VITT, based on the international diagnostic guidance. All VITT-related data were from the local electronic medical and laboratory record system and were analyzed with IBM SPSS Statistics.

Results
Predominately women in their late 40’s developed VITT on average 24 days (range 9–59) after the first ChAdOx1 dose. Clinical presentation included single or multiple venous and/or arterial thrombosis, moderate thrombocytopenia and high D-dimer levels. After detecting PF4 antibodies subcutaneous danaparoid was our first-line antithrombotic treatment with an average duration of three weeks. The median plasma anti-FXa activity was in the lower part of the therapeutic range and during the first week of danaparoid administration clinical symptoms, platelet counts, and fibrin turnover resolved or significantly improved. The average duration of hospital admission was 10 days [2–18]. One patient died but the other five patients recovered completely.

Conclusions
The clinical outcomes of our small cohort align with the earlier published reports, and support danaparoid as a rational option for the initial anticoagulation of VITT patients.
Analysis of the COVID-19 pandemic: lessons towards a more effective response to public health emergencies
Authors: Assefa Yibeltal , Gilks Charles F. , Reid Simon , van de Pas Remco , Gete Dereje Gedle , Van Damme Wim 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
The pandemic of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a timely reminder of the nature and impact of Public Health Emergencies of International Concern. As of 12 January 2022, there were over 314 million cases and over 5.5 million deaths notified since the start of the pandemic. The COVID-19 pandemic takes variable shapes and forms, in terms of cases and deaths, in different regions and countries of the world. The objective of this study is to analyse the variable expression of COVID-19 pandemic so that lessons can be learned towards an effective public health emergency response.

Methods
We conducted a mixed-methods study to understand the heterogeneity of cases and deaths due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Correlation analysis and scatter plot were employed for the quantitative data. We used Spearman’s correlation analysis to determine relationship strength between cases and deaths and socio-economic and health systems. We organized qualitative information from the literature and conducted a thematic analysis to recognize patterns of cases and deaths and explain the findings from the quantitative data.

Results
We have found that regions and countries with high human development index have higher cases and deaths per million population due to COVID-19. This is due to international connectedness and mobility of their population related to trade and tourism, and their vulnerability related to older populations and higher rates of non-communicable diseases. We have also identified that the burden of the pandemic is also variable among high- and middle-income countries due to differences in the governance of the pandemic, fragmentation of health systems, and socio-economic inequities.

Conclusion
The COVID-19 pandemic demonstrates that every country remains vulnerable to public health emergencies. The aspiration towards a healthier and safer society requires that countries develop and implement a coherent and context-specific national strategy, improve governance of public health emergencies, build the capacity of their (public) health systems, minimize fragmentation, and tackle upstream structural issues, including socio-economic inequities. This is possible through a primary health care approach, which ensures provision of universal and equitable promotive, preventive and curative services, through whole-of-government and whole-of-society approaches.