bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Decellularized human amniotic membrane engraftment in combination with adipose‐derived stem cells transplantation, synergistically improved diabetic wound healing
Authors: Davoodi Sima , Ebrahimpour‐Malekshah Roohollah , Ayna Ömer , Akbari Mitra , Raoofi Amir , Mokhtari Hossein , Izanlu Mostafa , Modanloo Faezeh , Nasiry Davood 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundOne of the most important and common complications of diabetes is a disorder and defect in diabetic wound healing.AimsThe aim of present study was to investigate the synergistic effects of decellularized human amniotic membrane (dHAM) engraftment and adipose‐derived stem cells (ADSs) transplantation in the healing of delayed and ischemic diabetic wound.MethodsSixty diabetic male rats were randomly divided into four groups (n = 15), including untreated (Control) group, engraftment by dHAM (dHAM) group, transplanted by ADSs (ADS) group, and engraftment by dHAM plus transplanted by ADSs (dHAM + ADS) group. Sampling was performed on Days 7, 14, and 21 after surgery. Evaluation tests included stereology, immunohistochemistry, molecular, and biomechanical.ResultsOur results showed that the wound closure rate, volumes of newly formed epidermis and dermis, density of fibroblasts and blood vessels, collagen deposition, density of proliferation cells, expression levels of TGF‐β and VEGF genes, and biomechanical characteristics were significantly higher in all treated groups compared with control group; however, these changes were considerable in the combination group. This is while that the density of neutrophils and expression levels of TNF‐α and IL‐1β genes in the treated groups, especially in the combination group, were significantly reduced compared with control group.ConclusionGenerally, the simultaneous use of dHAM and ADS accelerates healing and improves the quality of repaired diabetic wounds.
Stock Market Spillovers via the Global Production Network: Transmission of U.S. Monetary Policy
Authors: DI GIOVANNI JULIAN , HALE GALINA 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACTWe quantify the role of global production linkages in explaining spillovers of U.S. monetary policy shocks on country‐sector stock returns. We estimate a structural spatial autoregression (SAR) model that is consistent with an open‐economy production network framework. Using the SAR model, we decompose the total impact of U.S. monetary policy on global stock returns into direct and network effects. Nearly 70% of the total impact is due to the network effect of global production linkages. Empirical counterfactuals show that shutting down global production linkages halves the total impact of U.S. monetary policy shocks.
Successful intra‐amniotic levothyroxine treatment for fetal goitrous hypothyroidism in a triplet pregnancy
Authors: Hidaka Nobuhiro , Soejima Chikako , Sato Mai , Kitadai Yuzo , Sumie Masahiro , Nakanami Naoyuki 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe report an extremely challenging case of fetal goitrous hypothyroidism involving all three fetuses of a triplet pregnancy in which successful fetal treatment led to a favorable pregnancy outcome. The patient had a trichorionic, triamniotic triplet pregnancy and was referred to us at 24 weeks gestation after goiters affecting all three fetuses and polyhydramnios involving two fetuses were noted. Immediately before the conception, she underwent hysterosalpingography with an oil‐soluble iodinated contrast medium. After the diagnosis of fetal hypothyroidism was made, intra‐amniotic injection of levothyroxine was performed for two fetuses with polyhydramnios 3 times between 28 and 31 weeks gestation. The goiters shrunk and the polyhydramnios improved in response to the in utero treatment. No complications occurred. Cesarean section was performed at 33 weeks gestation. None of the three neonates developed respiratory insufficiency. Our experience suggested that successful intrauterine treatment is possible for fetal goitrous hypothyroidism, even in a triplet pregnancy. The indication, treatment timing, and diagnostic and assessment strategies should be carefully discussed to minimize puncture‐related complications.
Cavernous segment internal carotid artery stenosis specific to meningiomas compared to pituitary adenomas
Authors: Dincer Alper , Sharma Vaishnavi , Madan Neel , Heilman Carl 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackground and PurposePituitary macroadenomas and meningiomas are common neoplasms arising within the cavernous sinus. Imaging characteristics on MRI can often distinguish these tumors from one another; however, some cases may be more difficult to differentiate. This study compares patterns of cavernous segment internal carotid artery (CS‐ICA) stenosis between the two tumor types to establish a novel radiographic method of differentiation.MethodsA retrospective analysis of patients with pathology‐confirmed meningioma and pituitary adenomas at Tufts Medical Center was performed. The diameter of the CS‐ICA at the narrowest point within the cavernous sinus was measured and compared to the ipsilateral petrous segment ICA and contralateral CS‐ICA. The mean and range of percent stenosis and frequency of cases of CS‐ICA stenosis >15% were determined. Statistical analysis to compare the groups was conducted using the Chi‐squared test, Fisher's exact test, and t‐test.ResultsThere were a total of 78 out of 231 patients who were included in the study. The mean % ICA stenosis for all meningiomas was 9.3%, with increasing stenosis with increasing World Health Organization grade. Of all meningioma cases, 13 (33%) had greater than 15% ICA stenosis. Mean ICA stenosis for pituitary adenomas was –1.48%. There were no cases of pituitary adenomas causing ICA stenosis >15%.ConclusionsDifferentiating pituitary adenomas and intracavernous meningioma tumors can have important implications on surgical approach and outcome. Our study found that stenosis of the CS‐ICA greater than 15% is highly specific to meningiomas and can serve as a radiologic sign to distinguish between these two tumors.
A qualitative analysis of rural syringe service program fidelity in Appalachian Kentucky: Staff and participant perspectives
Authors: Batty E.J. , Ibragimov U. , Fadanelli M. , Gross S. , Cooper K. , Klein E. , Ballard A. M. , Young A. M. , Lockard A. S. , Oser C. B. , Cooper H. L. F. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPurposeAs drug‐related epidemics have expanded from cities to rural areas, syringe service programs (SSPs) and other harm reduction programs have been slow to follow. The recent implementation of SSPs in rural areas demands attention to program fidelity based on core components of SSP success.MethodsSemistructured interviews conducted with clients and staff at 5 SSPs in 5 counties within 2 Central Appalachian health districts. Interviews covered fidelity of SSP implementation to 6 core components: (1) meet needs for harm reduction supplies; (2) education and counseling for sexual, injection, and overdose risks; (3) cooperation between SSPs and local law enforcement; (4) provide other health and social services; (5) ensure low threshold access to services; and (6) promote dignity, the impact of poor fidelity on vulnerability to drug‐related harms, and the risk environment's influence on program fidelity. We applied thematic methods to analyze the data.FindingsRural SSPs were mostly faithful to the 6 core components. Deviations from core components can be attributed to certain characteristics of the local rural risk environment outlined in the risk environment model, including geographic remoteness, lack of resources and underdeveloped infrastructure, and stigma against people who inject drugs (PWID)ConclusionsAs drug‐related epidemics continue to expand outside cities, scaling up SSPs to serve rural PWID is essential. Future research should explore whether the risk environment features identified also influence SSP fidelity in other rural areas and develop and test strategies to strengthen core components in these vulnerable areas.
Black Trust inUSLegislatures
Authors: Dupree Ernest , Hibbing John R. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractTrust is a key part of any political system. Given the very different experiences of Black people and White people in the United States, it is likely that the nature and contours of political trust varies widely from one racial group to the other. In this article, we take advantage of a specially commissioned 2018 survey to compare Black and White trust in American legislative institutions (Congress and the state legislatures). Thanks to an oversample, we also are able to zero in on variations across Black respondents, making it possible to identify the variables that push legislative trust up or down within that demographic. Our findings indicate that, relative to Whites, Black individuals are significantly more trusting of Congress and that Black people who go to church tend to be more trusting of legislative institutions while those who have experienced racism in their lives are less trusting.
The old fisherman's mistake
Authors: Rovelli Carlo 
Published: September 2022

AbstractA number of thorny issues, such as the nature of time, free will, the clash of the manifest image and the scientific image, the possibility of a naturalistic foundation of morality, and perhaps even the possibility of accounting for consciousness in naturalistic terms, seem to be plagued by the conceptual confusion nourished by a single fallacy: the old fisherman's mistake. This is the mistake that consists in disregarding the fact that knowledge is not just learning new facts about old concepts. Knowledge is often to realise the inadequacy and misleading character of some of our old concepts, and the intuitions that ground them.
The Concept of Cultural Attachment and Its Policy Applications
Authors: Preister Kevin , Kent James A. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe concept of cultural attachment is in the vernacular in the Appalachian region of the United States and served to stimulate policy attention to the concept when a 765 kV electric transmission line was proposed through Peters Mountain on the border between Virginia and West Virginia. The environmental impact statement of the U.S. Forest Service examined the extent of cultural attachment in the project area using our social science consulting company, which resulted in a rejection of the line in 1995 and an acceptance in 2002 when the proponent changed routes to avoid communities with high cultural attachment. The concept has been noted and used in several other settings and has evolved into a policy tool that accommodates the three pillars of cultural attachment—attachment to land, to place, and to kinship and social networks. We contend that use of the concept as evolving is an appropriate way to consider “endangered cultures.” The use of the concept of cultural attachment in decision making means there is now a track record and precedence that give legal weight to the concept, value to local residents in manifesting their voice, and improved prospects that we can continue to shape life in sustainable and human‐affirming ways.
Using high resolution manometry impedance to diagnose upper esophageal sphincter and pharyngeal motor disorders
Authors: Omari Taher , Cock Charles , Wu Peter , Szczesniak Michal Marcin , Schar Mistyka , Tack Jan , Rommel Nathalie 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundOro‐pharyngeal pathophysiology, including upper esophageal sphincter (UES) and pharyngeal disorders, can be assessed by pharyngeal high‐resolution manometry impedance (P‐HRM‐I). We aimed to establish methodology to diagnose disorders utilizing P‐HRM‐I, hypothesizing that the objective measures could be used to diagnose disordered deglutition evidenced by greater aspiration scores.MethodsPatients (n = 509, 18–91 years) were compared to controls (n = 120, 20–94 years). Variables measuring UES relaxation, UES opening extent, intrabolus pressure, and pharyngeal contractile strength were derived for 10 ml liquid swallows. Three associated pharyngeal pressurization patterns, which may be indicative of obstructed flow, were characterized: pan‐pressurization (Type 1), distal compartmentalized pressurization (Type 2), and transient pressurization (Type 3). Deglutitive aspiration was determined from video fluoroscopy.ResultsUES relaxation pressure was best able to differentiate patients from controls (T6.528,p < 0.0001). Patients with abnormal relaxation pressure (>8 mmHg) more frequently exhibited pharyngeal pressurization patterns and had adjunct evidence of reduced luminal distensibility (high intrabolus pressure and/or reduced UES opening). Utilizing this information, a diagnostic scheme was devised identifying 138 patients with UES disorder. A further 96 patients without evidence of UES disorder had abnormally weak pharyngeal pressures, confirming propulsive disorder. Amongst a sub‐sample of 320 patients undergoing video fluoroscopy, those with pharyngeal pressurizations and adjunct evidence of reduced UES relaxation and/or distensibility had higher aspiration scores (Chi‐square 60.169,p < 0.0001).ConclusionP‐HRM‐I can provide evidence for UES disorder based on pharyngeal pressurization patterns and abnormal findings for UES relaxation pressure, UES opening, and intrabolus pressure. Measuring pharyngeal contractility requires further optimization.
Finite‐Element Analysis of a Novel Cephalomedullary Nail for Restricted Sliding to Reduce Risk of Implant Failure in Unstable Intertrochanteric Fractures
Authors: Nie Shaobo , Li Jiantao , Li Ming , Hao Ming , Wang Kun , Xiong Ying , Gan Xuewen , Zhang Licheng , Tang Peifu 
Published: September 2022

ObjectiveHow to restrict sliding of cephalomedullary nail and rigid reconstruct medial support for unstable intertrochanteric fractures remains a challenge. This study aims to explore the feasibility of a novel cephalomedullary nail for restriction sliding and reconstruction of medial femoral support to prevent failure in unstable trochanteric fractures through finite element analysis.MethodsThe DICOM files of a unilateral femur spiral computed tomography (CT) scans from a elderly female were converted into STL files, and the most common clinical trochanteric fracture model with the absence of medial support, AO/OTA 31‐A2.3 was simulated by removing the posterior medial femur. The model of a novel medial sustain nail (MSN‐II) and a widely used nail (proximal femoral nail anti‐rotation PFNA‐II) were modeled according to the manufacturer‐provided engineering drawing. Different loads were applied to the femoral head to simulate the postoperative weight bearing gait. The sliding distance of helical blade in femoral neck, maximum stress of femur and nail, displacement of proximal fragment were analyzed to revealing the mechanical stability of unstable trochanteric fracture stabilized by different implant.ResultsThe sliding distance of helical blade in the femoral neck, the maximum stress on the femur and nail, the displacement of proximal fragment in MSN‐II under 2100N axial load were 0.65 mm, 689 MPa, 1271 MPa, 16.84 mm respectively, while that were 1.43 mm, 720.8 MPa, 1444 MPa, 18.18 mm, respectively in PFNA‐II. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P < 0.05) and the stress was mainly distributed in medial distal side of nail but helical blade and the proximal aperture for the nail in MSN‐II. Compared to PFNA‐II, MSN‐II demonstrates biomechanical merit against femur medialization, cut‐out and coax varus.ConclusionThe sliding distance of helical blade in femoral neck, the maximum stress on the femur and nail, and the displacement of proximal fragment of MSN‐II were less than those of PFNA‐II in the treatment of unstable intertrochanteric fractures. Therefore MSN‐II has better stability than PFNA‐II and it may have the potential to avoid femur medialization and cut out. It might be an option in unstable trochanteric fracture because of its superiority in restricted sliding and medial support reconstruction.
A screening of inhibitors targeting the receptor kinase FERONIA reveals small molecules that enhance plant root immunity
Authors: Liu Hong‐Bin , Li Xiaoxu , Cai Jun , Jiang Ling‐Li , Zhang Xin , Wu Dousheng , Wang Lifeng , Yang Aiguo , Guo Cun , Chen Jia , Pu Wenxuan , Yu Feng 
Published: September 2022

SummaryReceptor‐like kinases (RLKs) constitute the largest receptor family involved in the regulation of plant immunity and growth, but small‐molecule inhibitors that target RLKs to improve agronomic traits remain unexplored. The RLK member FERONIA (FER) negatively regulates plant resistance to certain soil‐borne diseases that are difficult to control and cause huge losses in crop yields and economy. Here, we identified 33 highly effective FER kinase inhibitors from 1494 small molecules by monitoring FER autophosphorylation in vitro. Four representative inhibitors (reversine, cenisertib, staurosporine and lavendustin A) inhibited the kinase activity of FER and its homologues in several crops by targeting the conserved ATP pocket in the kinase structure. FER contributes to the physiological impact of representative inhibitors in plants. The treatment of roots with reversine, staurosporine and lavendustin A enhanced innate immunity in plant roots and thus alleviated soil‐borne diseases in tobacco, tomato and rice without growth penalties. Consistently, RNA sequencing assays showed that lavendustin A and reversine exert profound impacts on immunity‐related gene expression. Our results will set a new milestone in the development of the plant RLK kinase regulation theory and provide a novel strategy for the prevention and control of plant soil‐borne diseases without growth penalties.
Identification of a UDP‐glucosyltransferase conferring deoxynivalenol resistance in Aegilops tauschii and wheat
Authors: Kirana Rizky Pasthika , Gaurav Kumar , Arora Sanu , Wiesenberger Gerlinde , Doppler Maria , Michel Sebastian , Zimmerl Simone , Matic Magdalena , Eze Chinedu E. , Kumar Mukesh , Topuz Ajla , Lemmens Marc , Schuhmacher Rainer , Adam Gerhard , Wulff Brande B. H. , Buerstmayr Hermann , Steiner Barbara 
Published: September 2022

SummaryAegilops tauschii is the diploid progenitor of the wheat D subgenome and a valuable resource for wheat breeding, yet, genetic analysis of resistance against Fusarium head blight (FHB) and the major Fusarium mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON) is lacking. We treated a panel of 147 Ae. tauschii accessions with either Fusarium graminearum spores or DON solution and recorded the associated disease spread or toxin‐induced bleaching. A k‐mer‐based association mapping pipeline dissected the genetic basis of resistance and identified candidate genes. After DON infiltration nine accessions revealed severe bleaching symptoms concomitant with lower conversion rates of DON into the non‐toxic DON‐3‐O‐glucoside. We identified the gene AET5Gv20385300 on chromosome 5D encoding a uridine diphosphate (UDP)‐glucosyltransferase (UGT) as the causal variant and the mutant allele resulting in a truncated protein was only found in the nine susceptible accessions. This UGT is also polymorphic in hexaploid wheat and when expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae only the full‐length gene conferred resistance against DON. Analysing the D subgenome helped to elucidate the genetic control of FHB resistance and identified a UGT involved in DON detoxification in Ae. tauschii and hexaploid wheat. This resistance mechanism is highly conserved since the UGT is orthologous to the barley UGT HvUGT13248 indicating descent from a common ancestor of wheat and barley.
Photochemical Targeting of Mitochondria to Overcome Chemoresistance in Ovarian Cancer†
Authors: Rickard Brittany P. , Overchuk Marta , Obaid Girgis , Ruhi Mustafa Kemal , Demirci Utkan , Fenton Suzanne E. , Santos Janine H. , Kessel David , Rizvi Imran 
Published: September 2022

AbstractOvarian cancer is the most lethal gynecologic malignancy with a stubborn mortality rate of ~65%. The persistent failure of multiline chemotherapy, and significant tumor heterogeneity, has made it challenging to improve outcomes. A target of increasing interest is the mitochondrion because of its essential role in critical cellular functions, and the significance of metabolic adaptation in chemoresistance. This review describes mitochondrial processes, including metabolic reprogramming, mitochondrial transfer and mitochondrial dynamics in ovarian cancer progression and chemoresistance. The effect of malignant ascites, or excess peritoneal fluid, on mitochondrial function is discussed. The role of photodynamic therapy (PDT) in overcoming mitochondria‐mediated resistance is presented. PDT, a photochemistry‐based modality, involves the light‐based activation of a photosensitizer leading to the production of short‐lived reactive molecular species and spatiotemporally confined photodamage to nearby organelles and biological targets. The consequential effects range from subcytotoxic priming of target cells for increased sensitivity to subsequent treatments, such as chemotherapy, to direct cell killing. This review discusses how PDT‐based approaches can address key limitations of current treatments. Specifically, an overview of the mechanisms by which PDT alters mitochondrial function, and a summary of preclinical advancements and clinical PDT experience in ovarian cancer are provided.
Competitive multiproduct contracting under multinomial logit demand
Authors: Shao Lusheng 
Published: September 2022

Despite the prevalence of multiproduct firms in many industries, the supply chain contracting literature has predominantly focused on problems where an upstream player offers only one product. This paper studies multiproduct contract design for competing manufacturers each with several products to sell via a common retailer. We consider two contracting schemes under multinomial logit demand (MNL): individual contracting, in which the manufacturers set a wholesale price for each of their products separately; and aggregate contracting, in which the manufacturers set the price as a function of the order quantities for their own products. We find that under individual contracting it is optimal for each manufacturer to offer the full range of his products to the retailer and set an equal wholesale margin for these products. This suggests that the classic result of an equal‐margin policy for the retailer also holds true for the manufacturers. Further, there is an equilibrium characterized by a system of nonlinear equations that can be solved using the standard bisection search method. Under aggregate contracting, a simple cost‐plus contract is optimal for the manufacturers. In equilibrium, each manufacturer charges a markup equal to his marginal contribution to the supply chain, and the supply chain profit is maximized. Comparing these two contracting schemes, we find among other results that the retailer prefers aggregate contracting when there is a large number of products from each manufacturer or when consumer heterogeneity is low, while the opposite is true for the manufacturers. In addition, both the retailer and the manufacturers prefer aggregate contracting when there are few manufacturers in the supply chain. It is also found that as the number of manufacturers or the number of products from each manufacturer increases, the supply chain efficiency loss induced by individual contracting is reduced. Finally, we extend our model to a hybrid setting in which one manufacturer adopts aggregate contracting and the other adopts individual contracting, and demonstrate to the manufacturers the value of aggregate contracting. These results provide useful guidance on optimal contract design for multiproduct firms.