bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlation analysis of epicardial adipose tissue and ventricular myocardial strain in Chinese amateur marathoners using cardiac magnetic resonance
Authors: Wang Zirong , Song Tingting , Yu Da , Chen Xiaofei , Pu Cailing , Ding Jianping , Ling Xiaoli 
Published: September 2022

Background
The volume of epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) is associated with an increased incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD); however, only a few studies have examined its effect on the myocardial function of endurance in athletes. The association between the EAT and the variation of myocardial function is still unclear in amateur marathoners. Consequently, by using some sedentary individuals as the control, this study aims to evaluate the correlation between the EAT volume and the myocardial strain in the left and right ventricles of Chinese amateur marathoners by cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR).

Methods
A total of 30 amateur marathoners were included as the exercise group and 20 sedentary people as a control group. All participants received the cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) to measure the left and right ventricular end-diastolic volume, end-systolic volume and volume index, stroke volume and index, cardiac output index, ejection fraction and myocardial mass, the EAT volume, global radial, circumferential, and longi-tudinal strains, and the strain rates of left and right ventricular myocardium.

Results
There was a significant difference in the EAT volume (EATV) index between the exercise group and the control group (26.82±11.76ml/m2 vs 37.82±17.15ml/m2, P = 0.01). Results from the multivariate linear regression analysis showed that BMI (standardized β = 0.458; P < 0.001) had an independent positive correlation with the EATV index. The EATV index was negatively correlated with the left ventricular global radial strain (GRS) (r = -0.505; P = 0.004) in the exercise group, while it is negatively correlated with right ventricular GRS (r = -0.492; P = 0.027) and positively correlated with global longitudinal strain (GLS) (r = 0.601; P = 0.005) in the control group. In the exercise group, the multivariate linear regression analysis showed that the EATV index (standardized β = -0.429; P = 0.021) was an independent determinant of the left ventricular GRS, and being a male (standardized β = 0.396; P = 0.029) was an independent determinant of the right ventricular GLS.

Conclusion
The EATV index is independently correlated with the left ventricular GRS in the amateur Chinese marathoners, also, the amateur marathon reduces the EATV index and increases the left ventricular myocardial mass, which consequently reduces the adverse effects on myocardial function.
Negotiating gender, religious and professional identities. Exploring some of the challenges of non-veiled Muslim women at work
Authors: Abdul Fatah Farhana , Schnurr Stephanie 
Published: September 2022

Due to the increasing Islamisation, in contemporary Malaysia, non-veiled Muslim women have become the minority in many domains of public life, including the workplace (Hochel 2013; Izharuddin 2018; Mouser 2007). As the veil is widely regarded as a signifier of a Muslim woman’s identity and her level of piety (Ruby 2006; Stirling & Shaw 2004), a woman’s decision to not wear it can result in discriminatory treatment, such as exclusion from the religious community (Othman 2006). In this paper we give these often discriminated against women a voice and describe some of the challenges that they experience at work. Our particular focus is how these non-veiling women construct their identities – as religious Muslims, “good” women, and successful professionals – in a socio-cultural context where veiling is the norm (Hochel 2013; Izharuddin 2018; Khalid and O’Connor 2011). Drawing on 20 interviews with such women and using Bucholtz and Hall’s (2005) relationality principle, we demonstrate how through their stories of personal experience these women mobilise and orient to a range of different identities – including gender, religious and professional – which are intertwined with each other in complex ways.
Antifungal–antiproliferative norcycloartane-type triterpenes from the Red Sea green alga Tydemania expeditionis
Authors: Alorfi Hajer S. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The current work aims to isolate the bioactive secondary metabolites from the Red Sea green alga T. expeditionis. Its organic extract was partitioned and analyzed using chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques. Four triterpenoids of the cycloartane-carbon skeleton were identified as: 29-norcycloartane-3-en-23,28-diol (1), 29-norcycloartane-5,24-dien-3-ol-23-one (2), 29-norcycloartane-3,24-dien-3-ol-23-one (3), and 29-norcycloartane-5,24-dien-3-ol (4), along with hydroxylated C-18 fatty acid, 3-hydroxyoctadeca-15(Z)-enoic acid (5). The antiproliferative activity of the isolated metabolites was examined against three cancer cell lines, i.e., HeLa, HepG-2, and MCF-7. Compounds 2 and 3 demonstrated a strong antiproliferative effect against all cells with IC50 values ranging from 17.8 ± 1.71 to 23.3 ± 1.66 µM. Compounds 1 and 4 showed a moderate antiproliferative effect against all cell lines with IC50 values ranging from 44.7 ± 2.32 to 65.0 ± 3.66 µM. The antifungal activity of all compounds has been tested against several fungi. Compounds 2–4 revealed strong inhibition against A. flavus and Fusarium oxysporum. Compounds 1–4 showed moderate to weak inhibition activity against A. niger, A. fumigatus, C. albicans, and C. tropicalis. Compound 5 showed weak to non-detected activity against all cell lines and microbes. The results indicated that norcycloartanes exhibit antiproliferative and antifungal activities, especially those with α,β-unsaturated ketones in their side chain.
Dual-Peak Lorentzian CEST MRI for antiretroviral drug brain distribution
Authors: Liu Yutong , Gauthier Gabriel C. , Gendelman Howard E. , Bade Aditya N. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Objectives
Spatial–temporal biodistribution of antiretroviral drugs (ARVs) can now be achieved using MRI by utilizing chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) contrasts. However, the presence of biomolecules in tissue limits the specificity of current CEST methods. To overcome this limitation, a Lorentzian line-shape fitting algorithm was developed that simultaneously fits CEST peaks of ARV protons on its Z-spectrum.

Case presentation
This algorithm was tested on the common first line ARV, lamivudine (3TC), that has two peaks resulting from amino (–NH2) and hydroxyl (–OH) protons in 3TC. The developed dual-peak Lorentzian function fitted these two peaks simultaneously, and used the ratio of –NH2 and –OH CEST contrasts as a constraint parameter to measure 3TC presence in brains of drug-treated mice. 3TC biodistribution calculated using the new algorithm was compared against actual drug levels measured using UPLC-MS/MS. In comparison to the method that employs the –NH2 CEST peak only, the dual-peak Lorentzian fitting algorithm showed stronger correlation with brain tissue 3TC levels, signifying estimation of actual drug levels.

Conclusions
We concluded that 3TC levels can be extracted from confounding CEST effects of tissue biomolecules resulting in improved specificity for drug mapping. This algorithm can be expanded to measure a variety of ARVs using CEST MRI.
Validation of an analytical methodology to determine humic substances using low-volume toxic reagents
Authors: Brás Isabel , Tavares Ana , Pereira José , Silva Elisabete 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The 12 principles of green chemistry were stated to pursue good practices and techniques that minimize the use of hazardous substances in the production and application of chemicals. To minimize the risks and the pollution generated using chemicals, new methodologies must be developed that avoid the application of dangerous products or its amount. Considering the principle of pollution prevention, this work proposes the development and application of a different methodology for the quantification of humic substances (HS), applying a spectrophotometric methodology that reduces the quantity of hazardous reagents (sodium dichromate and sulfuric acid) and minimizes the waste production. To deeply acknowledge the method, a validation of the methodology was done to allow the evaluation of its effectiveness to report reliable results. It was done by the evaluation of the parameters often used for this purpose (analytical limits, precision, accuracy, selectivity, robustness, and method working range). The detection limit attained was 0.03 g glucose/L and the quantification limit was 0.09 g glucose/L. The precision and accuracy were also evaluated using the repeatability limit and through performance testing, respectively, with a repeatability limit of 0.045 g/L and a Z-score less than 2. For selectivity and robustness, differences in variances were not significant, and the working range is well adjusted, with no differences regarding the precision of the lower and higher standard. The results obtained showed that the method under study, adapted to the green chemistry principles, can be applied to quantify HS in impure and complex samples.
Living in the Mountains. Late Mesolithic/Early Neolithic Settlement in Northwest Portugal: Rock Shelter 1 of Vale de Cerdeira (Vieira do Minho)
Authors: Xavier Pedro , Meireles José , Alves Carlos 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In the 1990s, a research project was developed to identify, in the mountainous areas of the Northwest (NW) of Portugal, the existence of an occupation model associated with the last hunter–gatherer prehistoric communities in the region. Therefore, a set of consistent and detailed field surveys took place in the mountains of NW Portugal, leading to the discovery of the archaeological site named “Rock Shelter 1 of Cerdeira Valley,” a granite rock shelter situated in Cabreira mountain. The campaigns of excavations undertaken permitted the identification of two combustion structures, from which charcoal samples provided two C-14 dates, as well as a significant stone tool assemblage (around 30,000 pieces), that established the prehistoric occupation of “Rock Shelter 1 of Cerdeira Valley” between the Late Mesolithic and the Early Neolithic. This archaeological site and its body of evidences are being analysed within the context of an ongoing PhD project developed by one of the authors (P. Xavier), through two mutually related lines of research. The first one relates to the complete technological and typological study of the lithic assembly, identifying the objectives of the stone tool production, i.e. lithic production systems and related châines opératoires; and the second concerns itself with the classification and characterisation of different raw materials exploited by the prehistoric communities and, wherever possible, to make some additional considerations about raw material procurement. The goals of this article are the presentation of the methodologies adopted in the study of raw materials and the results obtained from the techno-typological study.
Gender Gap in Schooling and Wages: Effects of Foreign Capital and Education Subsidies
Authors: Mukhopadhyay Ujjaini 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The paper develops a two-sector full employment general equilibrium model with endogenous schooling decisions. It aims to evaluate the effects of educational demand management policies on gender inequality in schooling and wage inequality. The results point towards the role of social norms in shaping parental discrimination against girls’ education, which accentuates gender gap in schooling due to gender-neutral education subsidy and rise in household income induced by foreign capital inflow. The two policies are favourable for gender wage gap if the agricultural sector is more female labour intensive than the manufacturing sector and returns to schooling are considerably higher for women than men. However, gender targeted education subsidy policies are in general beneficial with respect to both gendered schooling and wages. The paper contributes to the literature by identifying the role of factor intensity conditions and gender differentiated returns to education on the gendered schooling and labour market outcomes of demand side interventions in education. It also provides theoretical explanations to diverse impacts of these policies and suggests appropriate policy recommendations.
Neugründungen von Genossenschaften in Deutschland nach dem Abebben des jüngsten Gründungsbooms
Authors: Stappel Michael 
Published: September 2022

Zusammenfassung
Die von uns als „2000er-Genossenschaften“ bezeichneten Neugründungen haben dazu beigetragen, die Zahl der Genossenschaften in Deutschland stabil zu halten. Während der Neugründungswelle haben sich Genossenschaftsmodelle mit Vorbildcharakter herauskristallisiert, die zahlreich nachgeahmt wurden. Gleichzeitig sind vollkommen neue Modelle fernab traditioneller Betätigungsfelder entstanden. Beide Entwicklungen tragen in erheblichem Maße zur Nachhaltigkeit des Neugründungsgeschehen bei. Trotzdem gilt es, weiterhin immer neue Genossenschaftsmodelle zu entwickeln, in der Praxis zu erproben und für sie zu werben. Dabei bietet der bevorstehende Umbau der Wirtschaft nach den Krisen durch Corona-Pandemie und Ukraine-Krieg neue Chancen für die Genossenschaftsidee.
Gemeinwohlorientierung als Erweiterung des genossenschaftlichen Geschäftsmodells? Einige theoretische Überlegungen
Authors: Reichel Richard 
Published: September 2022

Zusammenfassung
Der Beitrag beschäftigt sich vor dem Hintergrund der Gründungen gemeinwesenorientierter Genossenschaften mit der Frage, ob Genossenschaften in der deutschen Tradition dem „Gemeinwohl“ oder einem „Gemeinwesen“ dienen können. Eine erste Analyse aus rechtswissenschaftlicher Perspektive zeigt, dass primär gemeinwesenorientierte Genossenschaften in Sinne einer primären Förderung Dritter rechtlich nicht zulässig sind. Die ausführliche ökonomische Analyse zeigt, dass solche Konstrukte anreiztheoretisch kaum zu begründen sind. In der Praxis besteht darüber hinaus die Gefahr des Missbrauchs der genossenschaftlichen Rechtsform. Dies impliziert nicht, dass Genossenschaften keine positiven Wirkungen auf ein Gemeinwesen entfalten. Vielmehr ist regelmäßig damit zu rechnen. Allerdings steht die Förderung der Mitglieder an erster Stelle.
A narratív tudás mint a tudomány forrása – Az emberi gondolkodás és tudásátadás alapvető formái
Authors: Géczyné Simon Rózsa Anikó 
Published: September 2022

A tanulmány a tudás természetéről, annak két eltérő sajátosságokkal rendelkező típusáról, a narratív és a paradigmatikus tudás kettőséről értekezik. A tudás fogalmának e dualisztikus megközelítése a tudományos kutatások meta szintű vizsgálata szempontjából válik fontossá. A narratív tudás tudományhoz, tudományossághoz való viszonya problematikusnak tekinthető a hétköznapi és relativizáló, szubjektív mozzanatai miatt, ugyanakkor a narratív tudás a humántudományok egyik legfontosabb forrása. Ebben az elméleti kutatásban arra keresem a választ, hogy miként válhat a narratív tudás a tudomány forrásává, milyen módon képes egységet képezni a narratív és a paradigmatikus tudás elméletben és a gyakorlati kutatásokban, hogyan lehet a narratíva által hordozott individuális valóságot makro szinten is tudományosan leírhatóvá, láthatóvá tenni. A problémát szakirodalmi források alapján vázolom fel. Írásom célja, hogy bemutassam a narratív tudás humántudományokban betöltött szerepét, különös tekintettel a történettudományra és a kulturális antropológiára, valamint a pedagógiára. A válaszok a kutatási gyakorlat szintézisében rejlenek. A kvalitatív és kvantitaív kutatások egymástól elválaszthatatlan, egységes működése adja a tudományos nyelv szintézisét, mely lehetővé teszi, hogy a narratív tudás a tudomány forrásává váljon. A tanulmányban rögzítettek összefoglaló jellegű gondolatok az emberi gondolkodás és a tudásátadás alapvető formáiról, azok egymásra és tudományra gyakorolt hatásáról.
In-Season Training Model for National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics Female Basketball Players Using “Microdosed” Programming
Authors: Bonder Ian J. , Shim Andrew L. 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRACT
Basketball is an intermittent-intensity sport requiring sufficient levels of muscular strength and power to display successful performance. To achieve high levels of performance, proficiency must be attained in jumping/repeated jump ability, sprinting/repeated sprint ability, change of direction/agility, and basketball-specific skills. The “in-season” period during a National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics female basketball team comprises more than 6 months of the annual plan, making it the longest uninterrupted training “‘block” throughout the year. However, no more than 3 hours per day may be allotted for practice, skill work, and training. Because of competition, travel, and academic obligations, little time may be available for training. The purpose of this article is to provide a time-efficient, in-season training plan using microdosing programming methodology directed at improving muscular strength and power. In turn, improvements in strength and power will be the foundation of developing traits specific to successful basketball performance and reducing chances of injury. In addition, methods to monitor individual daily fatigue are provided.
Identification of a Glutamatergic Claustrum-Anterior Cingulate Cortex Circuit for Visceral Pain Processing
Authors: Xu Qi-Ya , Zhang Hai-Long , Du Han , Li Yong-Chang , Ji Fu-Hai , Li Rui , Xu Guang-Yin 
Published: September 2022

Chronic visceral pain is a major challenge for both patients and health providers. Although the central sensitization of the brain is thought to play an important role in the development of visceral pain, the detailed neural circuits remain largely unknown. Using a well-established chronic visceral hypersensitivity model induced by neonatal maternal deprivation (NMD) in male mice, we identified a distinct pathway whereby the claustrum (CL) glutamatergic neuron projecting to the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) is critical for visceral pain but not for CFA-evoked inflammatory pain. By a combination ofin vivocircuit-dissecting extracellular electrophysiological approaches and visceral pain related electromyographic (EMG) recordings, we demonstrated that optogenetic inhibition of CL glutamatergic activity suppressed the ACC neural activity and visceral hypersensitivity of NMD mice whereas selective activation of CL glutamatergic activity enhanced the ACC neural activity and evoked visceral pain of control mice. Further, optogenetic studies demonstrate a causal link between such neuronal activity and visceral pain behaviors. Chemogenetic activation or inhibition of ACC neural activities reversed the effects of optogenetic manipulation of CL neural activities on visceral pain responses. Importantly, molecular detection showed that NMD significantly enhances the expression of NMDA receptors and activated CaMKIIα in the ACC postsynaptic density (PSD) region. Together, our data establish a functional role for CL→ACC glutamatergic neurons in gating visceral pain, thus providing a potential treatment strategy for visceral pain.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTStudies have shown that sensitization of anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) plays an important role in chronic pain. However, it is as yet unknown whether there is a specific brain region and a distinct neural circuit that helps the ACC to distinguish visceral and somatic pain. The present study demonstrates that claustrum (CL) glutamatergic neurons maybe responding to colorectal distention (CRD) rather than somatic stimulation and that a CL glutamatergic projection to ACC glutamatergic neuron regulates visceral pain in mice. Furthermore, excessive NMDA receptors and overactive CaMKIIα in the ACC postsynaptic density (PSD) region were observed in mice with chronic visceral pain. Together, these findings reveal a novel neural circuity underlying the central sensitization of chronic visceral pain.
Across-Model Collective Ensemble Classification
Authors: Eldardiry Hoda , Neville Jennifer 
Published: September 2022

Ensemble classification methods that independently construct component models (e.g., bagging) improve accuracy over single models by reducing the error due to variance. Some work has been done to extend ensemble techniques for classification in relational domains by taking relational data characteristics or multiple link types into account during model construction. However, since these approaches follow the conventional approach to ensemble learning, they improve performance by reducing the error due to variance in learning. We note however, that variance in inference can be an additional source of error in relational methods that use collective classification, since inferred values are propagated during inference. We propose a novel ensemble mechanism for collective classification that reduces both learning and inference variance, by incorporating prediction averaging into the collective inference process itself. We show that our proposed method significantly outperforms a straightforward relational ensemble baseline on both synthetic and real-world datasets.
IoT-Enabled Smart Healthcare Infrastructure Maximises Energy Efficiency
Authors: Addanke Supriya , Anandan R , Krishna P. Venkata 
Published: September 2022

Advancements in IoT-based applications have become the cutting-edge technology among researchers due to the wide availability of the Internet. In order to make the application more user-friendly, Android-based and Web-based technologies have become increasingly important in this cutting-edge technology. Smart cities, Internet of Things(IoT), Smart health care systems are the technology of the future. A combination of numerous systems focusing on monitoring different components of the smart city (such as water, e-health, gas, power monitoring and emergency scenario detection) can be used to make the city more sustainable and secure. In smart cities, energy consumption is particularly important for e-health. An optimization approach is provided in this paper to reduce total network energy usage. When compared to previous methods, the overall performance has improved by 57.89%.
A Novel Method of Butterfly Optimization Algorithm for Load Balancing in Cloud Computing
Authors: Yadav Priya , Kumar Sunil , Saini Dilip Kumar J 
Published: September 2022

Cloud computing is frequently alluded to as a model that furnishes boundless information handling conveniences with a compensation for each utilization framework. Present day cloud foundations resources as virtual machines (VMs) to actual machines utilizing virtualization innovation. All VMs works their involved structure and exhaust resources from their actual machine which behaves like a host. For load adjusting, Cloud moves VMs from exceptionally troubled real machines to low troubled actual machines. The delay of this calculation expansions in the organization as virtual machines are relocated. This work puts forward a new algorithm, namely Butterfly optimization for VM migration. The proposed optimization algorithm has been implemented in the MATLAB software. A comparative analysis is performed between the outcomes of the preceding and the new algorithm. The proposed algorithm has been evaluated over three performance parameters including delay, bandwidth used, and space used.