bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nanometer-thick copper films with low resistivity grown on 2D material surfaces
Authors: Liu Yu-Wei , Zhang Dun-Jie , Tsai Po-Cheng , Chiang Chen-Tu , Tu Wei-Chen , Lin Shih-Yen 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThin Copper (Cu) films (15 nm) are deposited on different 2D material surfaces through e-beam deposition. With the assist of van der Waals epitaxy growth mode on 2D material surfaces, preferential planar growth is observed for Cu films on both MoS2and WSe2surfaces at room temperature, which will induce a polycrystalline and continuous Cu film formation. Relative low resistivity values 6.07 (MoS2) and 6.66 (WSe2) μΩ-cm are observed for the thin Cu films. At higher growth temperature 200 °C, Cu diffusion into the MoS2layers is observed while the non-sulfur 2D material WSe2can prevent Cu diffusion at the same growth temperature. By further increasing the deposition rates, a record-low resistivity value 4.62 μΩ-cm for thin Cu films is observed for the sample grown on the WSe2surface. The low resistivity values and the continuous Cu films suggest a good wettability of Cu films on 2D material surfaces. The thin body nature, the capability to prevent Cu diffusion and the unique van der Waals epitaxy growth mode of 2D materials will make non-sulfur 2D materials such as WSe2a promising candidate to replace the liner/barrier stack in interconnects with reducing linewidths.
Allele-specific transcription factor binding in a cellular model of orofacial clefting
Authors: Ruff Katharina L. M. , Hollstein Ronja , Fazaal Julia , Thieme Frederic , Gehlen Jan , Mangold Elisabeth , Knapp Michael , Welzenbach Julia , Ludwig Kerstin U. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractNon-syndromic cleft lip with/without cleft palate (nsCL/P) is a frequent congenital malformation with multifactorial etiology. While recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified several nsCL/P risk loci, the functional effects of the associated non-coding variants are largely unknown. Furthermore, additional risk loci remain undetected due to lack of power. As genetic variants might alter binding of transcription factors (TF), we here hypothesized that the integration of data from TF binding sites, expression analyses and nsCL/P GWAS might help to (i) identify functionally relevant variants at GWAS loci, and (ii) highlight novel risk variants that have been previously undetected. Analysing the craniofacial TF TFAP2A in human embryonic palatal mesenchyme (HEPM) cells, we identified 2845 TFAP2A ChIP-seq peaks, several of which were located near nsCL/P candidate genes (e.g. MSX1 and SPRY2). Comparison with independent data suggest that 802 of them might be specific to craniofacial development, and genes near these peaks are enriched in processes relevant to nsCL/P. Integration with nsCL/P GWAS data, however, did not show robust evidence for co-localization of common nsCL/P risk variants with TFAP2A ChIP-seq peaks. This data set represents a new resource for the analyses of craniofacial processes, and similar approaches with additional cell lines and TFs could be applied to generate further insights into nsCL/P etiology.
Control of stem cell differentiation by using extrinsic photobiomodulation in conjunction with cell adhesion pattern
Authors: Muneekaew Saitong , Wang Meng-Jiy , Chen Szu-yuan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe induction and direction of stem cell differentiation into needed cell phenotypes is the central pillar of tissue engineering for repairing damaged tissues or organs. Conventionally, a special recipe of chemical factors is formulated to achieve this purpose for each specific target cell type. In this work, it is demonstrated that the combination of extrinsic photobiomodulation and collagen-covered microislands could be used to induce differentiation of Wharton’s jelly mesenchymal stem cells (WJ-MSCs) with the differentiation direction dictated by the specific island topography without use of chemical factors. Both neurogenic differentiation and adipogenic differentiation could be attained with a rate surpassing that using chemical factors. Application of this method to other cell types is possible by utilizing microislands with a pattern tailored particularly for each specific cell type, rendering it a versatile modality for initiating and guiding stem cell differentiation.
Novel rapid immunohistochemistry using an alternating current electric field identifies Rac and Cdc42 activation in human colon cancer FFPE tissues
Authors: Tsuda Masumi , Horio Runa , Wang Lei , Takenami Tomoko , Moriya Jun , Suzuka Jun , Sugino Hirokazu , Tanei Zenichi , Tanino Mishie , Tanaka Shinya 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIt is important to determine the activation status of Rac and Cdc42 in cancer tissues for the prediction of metastasis and patient prognosis. However, it has been impossible to detect their spatial activation on formalin-fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) surgical specimens thus far. Here, we established a novel detection technique for activated Rac/Cdc42 in human colon cancer FFPE tissues by using a p21-activated kinase (PAK)-Rac binding domain (RBD) detection probe fused with glutathione S-transferase (GST), designated GST-PAK-RBD, and novel rapid-immunohistochemistry (R-IHC) systems using noncontact alterating-current electric field mixing, although there is a technical limitation in that it may not distinguish between Rac members and Cdc42. In 50 cases of colon cancer, various activation patterns of Rac/Cdc42 were observed, which were designated plasma membrane, cytoplasm, mixed pattern, and polarized distribution. The activity was striking in the invasive fronts of tumors and significantly correlated with tumor invasion properties evaluated by TNM classification. Of note, in tissue microarray (TMA) samples, 29 of 33 cases demonstrated higher Rac1/Cdc42 activity in the tumor area than the corresponding normal mucosa. In addition, positive correlations were detected between Rac/Cdc42 activity and clinicopathological factors such as venous and lymphatic vessel invasion. These results suggest that understanding Rac and Cdc42 activations in cancer tissues would be valuable as an option for molecular therapy as personalized medicine.
Eye movement patterns correlate with overt emotional behaviours in rapid eye movement sleep
Authors: Maranci Jean-Baptiste , Nigam Milan , Masset Luc , Msika Eva-Flore , Vionnet Marie Charlotte , Chaumereil Charlotte , Vidailhet Marie , Leu-Semenescu Smaranda , Arnulf Isabelle 
Published: February 2022

AbstractGrowing evidence suggests that sleep plays a key role in regulating emotions. Rapid eye movements (REMs) in REM sleep could be associated with dreams emotions, but supporting evidence is indirect. To highlight this association, we studied the REM sleep during video-polysomnography of 20 subjects with REM sleep behaviour disorder (RBD), a model of enacted dreams offering direct access to the emotional content of the sleeper (face expression, speeches, behaviour). Video and the electro-oculography recordings were divided into 3 s time intervals and classified as non-behavioural, or behavioural (neutral, positive or negative emotions), and as containing no eye movements (EMs), slow eye movements (SEMs) or REMs (isolated or bursts). Compared to the absence of EMs, neutral behaviours successively increased in the presence of SEMs (odd ratio, OR = 1.4), then isolated REMs (OR = 2.8) and then REM bursts (OR = 4.6). Positive behaviours increased with SEMs (OR = 2.8) but did not increase further with isolated REMs (OR = 2.8) and REM bursts (OR = 3). Negative behaviours were absent with SEMs, increased with isolated REMs (OR = 2.6) and further with REM bursts (OR = 10.1). These results support an association between REMs and SEMs, and dream emotions.
Sex- and estrous-cycle dependent dorsal hippocampal phosphoproteomic changes induced by low-dose ketamine
Authors: Saland Samantha K. , Wilczak Kathrin , Voss Edward , Lam TuKiet T. , Kabbaj Mohamed 
Published: February 2022

AbstractNumerous emotional and cognitive processes mediated by the hippocampus present differences between sexes and can be markedly influenced by hormonal status in males and females of several species. In rodents, the dorsal hippocampus (dHPC) is known to contribute to the rapid antidepressant actions of the NMDA receptor antagonist ketamine. We and others have demonstrated a greater sensitivity to the fast-acting antidepressant ketamine in female versus male rats that is estrogen- and progesterone-dependent. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Using an acute low dose (2.5 mg/kg) of ketamine that is behaviorally effective in female but not male rats, a label-free phosphoproteomics approach was employed to identify ketamine-induced changes in signaling pathway activation and phosphoprotein abundance within the dHPC of intact adult male rats and female rats in either diestrus or proestrus. At baseline, males and females showed striking dissimilarities in the dHPC proteome and phosphoproteome related to synaptic signaling and mitochondrial function—differences also strongly influenced by cycle stage in female rats. Notably, phosphoproteins enriched in PKA signaling emerged as being both significantly sex-dependent at baseline and also the primary target of ketamine-induced protein phosphorylation selectively in female rats, regardless of cycle stage. Reduced phosphoprotein abundance within this pathway was observed in males, suggesting bi-directional effects of low-dose ketamine between sexes. These findings present biological sex and hormonal milieu as critical modulators of ketamine’s rapid actions within this brain region and provide greater insight into potential translational and post-translational processes underlying sex- and hormone-dependent modulation of ketamine’s therapeutic effects.
TSV‐based common‐mode noise‐suppressing filter design and implementation
Authors: Li Zhensong , Liu Huan , Sun Yunheng , Yang Yang , Miao Min , Ma Shenglin , Jin Yufeng 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA through‐silicon via (TSV)‐based, common‐mode, noise‐suppressing filter (TSV‐CMF) with the silicon interposer process is proposed to improve the electromagnetic compatibility in 3D integrated circuits. A differential fifth‐order T‐model low‐pass filter prototype circuit for transmission lines with common inductance is used to characterize and design the stopband and the corresponding two transmission zeros for the common mode (CM). The circuit parameters are carefully designed and calculated to fit the performance requirement. The TSV‐CMF is implemented in an interposer process with TSV as the vertical connect and redistribution layer (RDL) as the capacitance and inductance. TSV‐CMF samples are tested, and the measurement results match those of the full‐wave simulation. The differential cut‐off frequency of the TSV‐CMF can reach 16 GHz, and the CM stopband is around 5.3–16.0 GHz with 100% fractional bandwidth.
Time‐varying non‐line‐of‐sight (NLOS) satellite navigation channel modelling and simulation using multiple point‐scatterers
Authors: Zhou Shun , Ou Gang , Tang Xiaomei , Mou Weihua 
Published: February 2022

AbstractRecently, there has been an increasing interest in modelling and simulation of time‐varying (TV) non‐line‐of‐sight (NLOS) channels for global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) as an assisted means of resolving the GNSS urban canyon problem. In the above context, modelling and simulation of TV NLOS channels for GNSS have been investigated and studied due to their rapidly TV characteristics. However, conventional simulation approaches for TV multipath channels suffer from inconsistency and lack physical soundness, resulting in a non‐smooth transition of the Doppler shift and low simulation output accuracy. The authors propose an improved satellite navigation channel modelling and simulation method for TV NLOS reception scenarios. The multiple‐point‐scatterer model framework is applied to the TV NLOS satellite navigation channel model. The major novelty of the proposed method is integrating the multiple‐point‐scatterer model with online planning of a kinematics trajectory to map changes in the continuous velocity to the Doppler shift, which can keep consistency and accuracy. As a side benefit of the authors' work, numerical integration based on the efficient composite trapezoidal rule is proposed to calculate the precise changes in signal path length, phase, and Doppler shift. The numerical simulation results show that the proposed modelling and simulation method can not only accurately simulate the TV characteristics of the channel multipath with the continuous phase and the Doppler shift, but also reproduce the Rayleigh fading statistics of the TV channel, thus effectively approximating the physical propagation model and generating the TV NLOS satellite navigation channel.
Machine learning methods for constructing probabilisticFermi-LAT catalogs
Authors: Bhat A. , Malyshev D. 
Published: February 2022

Context.Classification of sources is one of the most important tasks in astronomy. Sources detected in one wavelength band, for example using gamma rays, may have several possible associations in other wavebands, or there may be no plausible association candidates.Aims.In this work we aim to determine the probabilistic classification of unassociated sources in the thirdFermiLarge Area Telescope (LAT) point source catalog (3FGL) and the fourthFermiLAT data release 2 point source catalog (4FGL-DR2) using two classes – pulsars and active galactic nuclei (AGNs) – or three classes – pulsars, AGNs, and “OTHER” sources.Methods.We use several machine learning (ML) methods to determine a probabilistic classification ofFermi-LAT sources. We evaluate the dependence of results on the meta-parameters of the ML methods, such as the maximal depth of the trees in tree-based classification methods and the number of neurons in neural networks.Results.We determine a probabilistic classification of both associated and unassociated sources in the 3FGL and 4FGL-DR2 catalogs. We cross-check the accuracy by comparing the predicted classes of unassociated sources in 3FGL with their associations in 4FGL-DR2 for cases where such associations exist. We find that in the two-class case it is important to correct for the presence of OTHER sources among the unassociated ones in order to realistically estimate the number of pulsars and AGNs. We find that the three-class classification, despite different types of sources in the OTHER class, has a similar performance as the two-class classification in terms of reliability diagrams and, at the same time, it does not require adjustment due to presence of the OTHER sources among the unassociated sources. We show an example of the use of the probabilistic catalogs for population studies, which include associated and unassociated sources.
Establishing the X-ray source detection strategy for eROSITA with simulations
Authors: Liu Teng , Merloni Andrea , Comparat Johan , Nandra Kirpal , Sanders Jeremy , Lamer Georg , Buchner Johannes , Dwelly Tom , Freyberg Michael , Malyali Adam , Georgakakis Antonis , Salvato Mara , Brunner Hermann , Brusa Marcella , Klein Matthias , Ghirardini Vittorio , Clerc Nicolas , Pacaud Florian , Bulbul Esra , Liu Ang , Schwope Axel , Robrade Jan , Wilms Jörn , Dauser Thomas , Ramos-Ceja Miriam E. , Reiprich Thomas H. , Boller Thomas , Wolf Julien 
Published: February 2022

Context. The eROSITA X-ray telescope on board the Spectrum-Roentgen-Gamma satellite has started to detect new X-ray sources over the full sky at an unprecedented rate. Understanding the performance and selection function of the source detection is important for the subsequent scientific analysis of the eROSITA catalogs.
Aims. Through simulations, we test and optimize the eROSITA source detection procedures, and we characterize the detected catalog quantitatively.
Methods. Taking the eROSITA Final Equatorial-Depth Survey (eFEDS) as an example, we ran extensive photon-event simulations based on our best knowledge of the instrument characteristics, the background spectrum, and the population of astronomical X-ray sources. We introduce a method of analyzing source detection completeness, purity, and efficiency based on the origin of each photon. Results. According to the source detection efficiency measured in the simulation, we chose a two-pronged strategy to build eROSITA X-ray catalogs, creating a main catalog using only the most sensitive band (0.2–2.3 keV) and an independent hard-band-selected catalog using multiband detection in a range up to 5 keV. Because our mock data are highly representative of the real eFEDS data, we used the mock catalogs to measure the completeness and purity of the eFEDS catalogs as a function of multiple parameters, such as detection likelihood, flux, and luminosity. These measurements provide a basis for choosing the eFEDS catalog selection thresholds. The mock catalogs (available with this paper) can be used to construct the selection function of active galactic nuclei and galaxy clusters. A direct comparison of the output and input mock catalogs also gives rise to a correction curve that converts the raw point-source flux distribution into the intrinsic number counts distribution.
Effects of Physical Training on Heart Rate Variability in Children
and Adolescents with Chronic Diseases: A Systematic Review and
Meta-analysis
Authors: Estévez-González Agustín Jesús , Pérez-Ruiz Margarita , Cobo-Vicente Fernando , Donadio Márcio Vinícius Fagundes , Larumbe-Zabala Eneko 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis study analyzed the effects of physical training programs on heart rate
variability, as a measure of sympathovagal balance, in children and adolescents
with chronic diseases. Relevant articles were systematically searched in Pubmed,
Science Direct, Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar and Embase scientific
databases. We performed a meta-analysis using an inverse variance heterogeneity
model. Effect size calculation was based on the standardized mean differences
between pre- and post-intervention assessments, assuring at least a single-group
repeated-measures model for each extracted group. Ten studies (252 participants)
were included, seven in obese subjects, two in type-1 diabetes, and one in
cerebral palsy. When time-domain variables were analyzed, exercise was found to
moderately increase RMSSD (SMD=0.478; 95%CI: 0.227 to 0.729;
p<0.001), SDNN (SMD=0.367; 95%CI: 0.139 to
0.595; p=0.002) and pNN50 (SMD=0.817; 95%CI:
0.139 to 0.595; p=0.002). As for frequency-domain variables,
exercise presented a moderate increasing effect on HF (SMD=0.512;
95%CI: 0.240 to 0.783; p<0.001), a negligible effect for
LF (SMD=0.077; 95%CI: –0.259 to 0.412;
p<0.001) and a non-significant reduction for LF/HF
(SMD=–0.519; 95%CI: -1.162 to 0.124;
p=0.114). In conclusion, physical training programs are able to
modulate heart rate variability in children and adolescents with chronic
diseases, affecting mainly the time-domain variables.
Comparison between DXA and MRI for the Visceral Fat Assessment in Athletes
Authors: Murata Hiroko , Yagi Tomoyoshi , Midorikawa Taishi , Torii Suguru , Takai Eri , Taguchi Motoko 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe use of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) may be invalid for assessing athletes with larger bodies, larger lean body mass, and thicker trunks. This study compared the athletes' visceral adipose tissue (VAT) assessed using DXA and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Eighty-two Japanese male collegiate athletes from 18 sports participated in this study. VAT was assessed using the dual-energy scan that coincided with the 4th lumbar vertebra. The sum of eight magnetic resonance slices corresponding to the region of the dual-energy scan was used for comparison. The VAT volume was higher with the dual-energy scan than with MRI (difference: 35 cm3, p<0.01). A significant correlation was noted between the volumes measured using both modalities (r=0.88, p<0.01). Magnetic resonance-derived volumes less than 600 cm3 showed a stronger significant correlation with dual-energy-derived volumes. However, magnetic resonance-derived VAT volumes exceeding 600 cm3 were not significantly correlated with dual-energy-derived volumes. In conclusion, VAT volumes derived from DXA were larger and significantly correlated with those derived from MRI across a wide range of values. Methods using DXA for assessing the visceral fat volume may require adjustment to estimate abdominal visceral fat volume in athletes, with care taken when using such methods for heavyweight athletes.
Risk factors for gastric metachronous lesions after endoscopic or surgical resection: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ortigão Raquel , Figueirôa Gonçalo , Frazzoni Leonardo , Pimentel-Nunes Pedro , Hassan Cesare , Dinis-Ribeiro Mário , Fuccio Lorenzo , Libânio Diogo 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Introduction Metachronous gastric lesions (MGL) are a significant concern after both endoscopic and surgical resection for early gastric cancer. Identification of risk factors for MGL could help to individualize surveillance schedules and potentially reduce the burden of care, but data are inconclusive. We aimed to identify risk factors for MGL and compare the incidence after endoscopic resection (ER) and subtotal gastrectomy.
Methods We conducted a systematic review by searching PubMed, ISI, and Scopus, and performed meta-analysis.
Results 52 studies were included. Pooled cumulative MGL incidence after ER was 9.3 % (95 % confidence interval [CI] 7.7 % to 11.0 %), significantly higher than after subtotal gastrectomy (1.2 %, 95 %CI 0.5 % to 2.2 %). After adjusting for mean follow-up, predicted MGL at 5 years was 9.5 % after ER and 0.7 % after subtotal gastrectomy. Older age (mean difference 1.08 years, 95 %CI 0.21 to 1.96), male sex (odds ratio [OR] 1.43, 95 %CI 1.22 to 1.66), family history of gastric cancer (OR 1.88, 95 %CI 1.03 to 3.41), synchronous lesions (OR 1.72, 95 %CI 1.30 to 2.28), severe gastric mucosal atrophy (OR 2.77, 95 %CI 1.22 to 6.29), intestinal metaplasia in corpus (OR 3.15, 95 %CI 1.67 to 5.96), persistent Helicobacter pylori infection (OR 2.08, 95 %CI 1.60 to 2.72), and lower pepsinogen I/II ratio (mean difference –0.54, 95 %CI –0.86 to –0.22) were significantly associated with MGL after ER. Index lesion characteristics were not significantly associated with MGL. ER treatment was possible in 83.2 % of 914 MGLs (95 %CI 72.2 to 91.9 %).
Conclusion Follow-up schedules should be different after ER and subtotal gastrectomy, and individualized further based on diverse risk factors.