bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epidemiology and trends in management of acute proximal humeral fractures in adults: an observational study of 137,436 cases from the Danish National Patient Register, 1996–2018
Authors: Brorson Stig , Viberg Bjarke , Gundtoft Per , Jalal Bamo , Ohrt-Nissen Søren 
Published: September 2022

Background and purpose: Proximal humeral fractures (PHF) can be managed surgically or non-surgically. Locking plates have been the preferred head-preserving surgical technique while hemiarthroplasty (HA) or reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) have been used in joint replacement surgery. We describe the epidemiology and trends in management of acute PHF in Denmark with a focus on (i) changes in the incidence of PHF; (ii) changes in the proportion of surgical cases; and (iii) changes in preferred surgical techniques.Patients and methods: Data on diagnoses and interventions was retrieved from the Danish National Patient Register. Patients aged 18 years and above were included. Surgical treatment was defined as the diagnosis of PHF combined with a predefined surgical procedure code within 3 weeks of injury. Data on plate osteosynthesis, HA, RSA, and “other techniques” was retrieved. Non-surgical treatment was defined as no relevant surgical procedure code within 3 weeks.Results: We identified 137,436 PHF (72% women) in the Danish National Patient Register. The overall mean incidence was 138/100,000/year (500 for women 60 years or above). Non-surgical treatment accounted for 119,966 (87%). The 17,470 surgical procedures included 42% locking plates, 34% arthroplasties, and 25% other techniques. The rate of surgery declined from 17% in 2013 to 11% in 2018.Interpretation: The overall incidence of PHF remained stable between 1996 and 2018 but the absolute number increased. The approach to PHF remains predominantly non-surgical. The number of surgeries in Denmark have decreased since 2013, especially for locking plates and HA, while RSA is increasingly used.
Precipitación salina de un extracto crudo con actividad celulolítica producido por Aspergillus niger UC33
Authors: Morales Borrell Dayana , Baryolo González Linnet , Mora González Néstor , Ramos Sánchez Luis Beltrán , Pérez Sánchez Amaury 
Published: September 2022

La purificación de enzimas celulasas constituye un paso crítico para su producción debido a que a menudo resulta ser muy costoso. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la precipitación salina de celulasas producidas por Aspergillus niger UC33 en fermentación en estado sólido, para incrementar el rendimiento y pureza de la enzima con el menor costo posible. Se empleó el programa Design-Expert 11.1.2 para el diseño experimental y la optimización de las condiciones experimentales. El sulfato de amonio se utilizó para la precipitación entre 60 y 90 % de saturación, se emplearon entre 1 y 3 h de precipitación y las temperaturas utilizadas fueron 4 y 25 °C. Las condiciones óptimas encontradas para maximizar el rendimiento y la pureza fueron 68,97 % de saturación con sulfato de amonio, tiempo de precipitación de 1,28 h y temperatura de 25 °C. En estas condiciones los valores de rendimiento, pureza y costo, fueron: 74,81 %, 1,26 y USD $ 0,2609, respectivamente. El peso molecular de la enzima fue 38,47 kDa y la actividad celulolítica fue de 31,854 UI.
Epistemologia na pesquisa em educação matemática
Authors: Viggiani Bicudo Maria Aparecida 
Published: September 2022

Este artigo tem por meta focar a “Epistemologia da Pesquisa em Educação Matemática: Metodologia e Tecnologias”, que foi o tema do XXIV EBRAPEM – Encontro Brasileiro de Estudantes de Pós-Graduação em Educação Matemática, tomando-o em sua afirmação principal e realizando um exercício filosófico dos significados que venham a se evidenciar. Colocar o termo epistemologia sob foco de investigação é importante, uma vez que ele é tomado como dado, no cotidiano do trabalho de realizar pesquisa, sem uma reflexão a respeito do que diz. A pergunta subjacente ao tratado no texto é se faz sentido afirmar que há uma epistemologia de pesquisa. No artigo, destacam-se os significados de epistemologia e se expõe o trazido por esses significados em sintonia com o seu complemento da pesquisa; enfatizam-se as compreensões que advêm dessa análise; evidencia-se o que o esclarecimento realizado está a demandar que se indague; e se desenvolve um exercício de imaginação, tendo em vista visualizar o que a epistemologia da pesquisa enseja em termos de compreensões de pesquisa na área da Educação Matemática.
Experiências Estéticas na Formação de Professores de Ciências e Matemática: Influências da Hermenêutica Gadameriana
Authors: Carvalho do Carmo Ana Paula , Simplicio de Sousa Robson , Do Carmo Galiazzi Maria 
Published: September 2022

O presente artigo apresenta repercussões da Hermenêutica Filosófica (HF) no processo formativo de estudantes vinculados ao projeto “Atelier Científico: Experiências Estéticas na Educação em Ciências”. O Atelier Científico (AC) é um espaço coletivo destinado ao estudo, criação e planejamento de experiências estéticas em Ciências e Matemática. Busca promover uma articulação entre o educar por meio de experiências estéticas elaboradas por estudantes de Licenciatura em Ciências Exatas (Física, Matemática e Química). Partimos do conceito de experiências estéticas fundamentado nos estudos da Hermenêutica Filosófica de Hans-Georg Gadamer para delinearmos sua contribuição ao modo de tratamento das ciências exatas, em uma perspectiva vinculada à percepção e à interpretação como busca de (auto)compreensão daquele(a) que percebe e interpreta no mundo. Neste artigo, iniciamos por apresentar a fundamentação do Atelier Científico, e a seguir descrevemos, sustentados por esta fundamentação, uma das atividades desenvolvidas no AC de modo a salientar contribuições da HF na formação de professores a partir dos registros de bolsistas do projeto no que chamamos de Diário do Atelier Científico e nos Relatórios Finais. Os relatos apontam para uma experiência formativa capaz de aguçar a percepção dos futuros professores na medida em que proporciona momentos de estranhamento frente ao novo, fomenta uma atitude estética, valoriza a pergunta autêntica, as tradições e as diferentes visões de mundo, bem como uma visão de ensino menos instrumental e mais ontológica.
Procedural specifics of resolving consumer disputes in individual civil court proceedings in the Czech Republic
Authors: Křiváčková Jana Petrov , Hamuľáková Klára 
Published: September 2022

Summary
The regulation of consumer protection in procedural law is largely up to the individual Member States of the European Union, which have procedural autonomy in these matters. In the area of individual judicial protection, there are two possible approaches to consumer protection. The first of these is not to introduce any regulation of procedural rules, as the general legal regulation of civil court proceedings seems to be fully sufficient to meet the above requirements. The other approach is to introduce special procedural rules for consumer protection. The Czech procedural regulation is based more on the first approach. The aim of this article is to evaluate whether the regulation set in this way provides the consumer with sufficient protection and meets the requirements of the right to judicial protection and a fair trial.
Collective Actions for the Protection of Consumers in the Czech Republic
Authors: Janoušková Anežka 
Published: September 2022

Summary
The paper at hand deals with collective procedural mechanism in the Czech Republic. Class action is nowadays considered one of the main procedural tools to protect consumers. Collective procedure in business-to-consumer disputes is thus on its rise in Europe. Yet, the Czech Republic belongs to few EU Member States where consumers still cannot rely on comprehensive regulation of collective action. The paper firstly provides for a brief introduction of existing possibilities that are governed by the Czech procedural law such as right of a consumer organisation to file for representative action on injunction relief or judge’s discretion to use the consolidation of civil proceedings. Further, the article focuses on the question, whether it would be useful if the Czech consumers (or qualified entities on their behalf) could file for collective action on redress measure. The paper subsequently presents the main principles of the unsuccessful Proposal for Collective Proceedings Act, which was submitted by the former Government. Finally, the article elaborates on possible development in this matter, given a duty of the Czech legislator to implement Directive on representative actions.
Rules of Consumer Redress in Hungary, in Particular Regarding the Domestic Model of Alternative Dispute Resolution
Authors: Hajnal Zsolt 
Published: September 2022

Summary
The Member States have sufficient leeway to maintain or flexibly shape the domestic map of consumer enforcement system within the European Union, thus reflecting the sociocultural conditions of the Member State concerned. In this study I focus on the consumer redress mechanisms in wider and narrow sense in the Hungarian legal system, highlighting the unique or special solutions.
Autonomous Interpretation by the European Court of Human Rights and Margin of Appreciation
Authors: Trykhlib Kristina , Lemak Vasyl 
Published: September 2022

SummaryThe article is devoted to the problem of interpretation and application in practice of the European human rights standards through autonomous interpretation, as well as to the definition of the role and significance of the doctrine of margin of appreciation in this process. The relevance of the subject matter of research is due to the need to implement effective mechanisms for ensuring and protecting key human rights and freedoms in Ukraine, the establishment of the European principles of law and the European identity. The purpose of the study is a comprehensive analysis of the formation and evolution of the doctrine of autonomous interpretation in the jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights by studying and synthesizing judicial practice on the application of autonomous interpretation and elaboration on this basis of a system of autonomous concepts that reflect the common European vision of fundamental human rights and are also a kind of foundation of the European human rights law. The methodological basis of the paper are philosophical, general scientific and special research methods, in particular, dialectical, historical, logical, systemic, sociological, and comparative methods. The study concludes that it is through autonomous interpretation based on the European consensus that the European Court of Human Rights establishes imperative standards for the interpretation and application of human rights in practice, which prevents certain violations by particular member states of the Council of Europe, as well as supports the convergence and harmonization of different national legal systems, which contributes to the formation of the most homogeneous legal environment and the European system of human rights protection. The practical feasibility of the study is aimed primarily at applying autonomous concepts in practice, prima facie, by the judiciary.
Post-Brexit European Map: the New Continental Status Quo and Institutional Decision-Making
Authors: Kiss Lilla Nóra 
Published: September 2022

Summary
Brexit became part of the European public consciousness following the 2016 referendum. We are only just starting to realize the actual effects and consequences of the UK’s withdrawal in multiple issues. The article analyzes the new, post-Brexit continental status quo and the changing trends in institutional decision-making. The position and dominance of the Member States are reflected in their role in the EU institutions. The weight of the Member States in decision-making also has a significant impact on the development of individual common policies. Brexit has strengthened the dominance of Germany and France. However, it also affected the position of Central and Eastern European states. Poland has become one of the “big Member States” that could make the combined dominance of the Visegrád states (Poland, Czech Republic, Hungary, and Slovakia) more relevant in forming the future of the EU..
CEE EU Central Banks’ Policy during the First Wave of COVID-19
Authors: Kozińska Magdalena 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Faced with COVID-19 crisis, central banks have once again become one of the key players in the economies. The aim of this article is to analyse the actions of Central and Eastern European central banks within all their roles (monetary policy, micro-and macroprudential policy, deposit guaranteeing and resolution) during the first coronavirus wave. The analysis shows that they were active in various fields, not only those that were traditionally always assigned to central banks (i.e. monetary policy, although this was the major field of activity). Scope of the intervention naturally depended on the shape of the national financial safety net. At the same time, the use of monetary policy tools depended on the adopted monetary policy strategy. Practice of central banks’ actions shows that central banks with a wide range of monetary tools reacted later. It seems that the scope and intensity of the use of monetary policy tools was not influenced by the general role of the central bank in the financial safety net. The monetary toolkit used by banks was based on a standard set of instruments with modified conditions of application (scale, transaction parameters and their type, collaterals and counterparties). Although transactions with specific parameters were sometimes implemented for the first time, they can still be included in the framework of classic monetary policy tools. In areas other than monetary policy, central banks were much less active. The most disturbing seems to be the passivity in the field of macroprudential policy.
Does the Phillips Curve Exist? Evidence from the Middle East and North African Countries
Authors: Azam Muhammad , Khan Rasheed , Khan Saleem 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This study aims to explore the validity of Phillips curve for eight (8) countries from the Middle East and North Africa (MENA), namely Algeria, Egypt, Jordan, Kuwait, Malta, Morocco, Saudi Arabia, and Tunisia over the period of 1991–2019. The panel autoregressive distributed lag/pooled mean group (ARDL/PMG) estimation is employed in the study because of the nature of data. The results of ARDL/PMG reveal that there is no trade-off between inflation and unemployment rates in the panel of eight MENA countries in the long run, while there is a negative but insignificant relationship between these two variables in the short run. In addition, the trade-off between inflation and unemployment for each of the panel’s countries has also been investigated. The empirical results indicate that there is no trade-off in the short run as the estimated coefficients found are statistically insignificant. Hence, it is concluded that there is no empirical evidence of the trade-off between inflation and unemployment rates in MENA countries.
Impact of Reserve Option Mechanism on Exchange Rate Volatility During the FED’s Tapering Period
Authors: Demirbas Erkan , Can Nurettin 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This study investigates the effectiveness of ROM. We conducted the GARCH (1,1) Model to determine whether ROM contributed to decreasing the volatility of USD/TL exchange rate for the period 2013-2014. We construct four Models where four different variables are separately used that represent the ROM tool, i.e. the amount of FX reserves of CBRT via ROM, and the share of the FX reserves via ROM in Gross FX Reserves of CBRT. Our findings are convincing to say FX facility and the ratio of utilization for the FX facility to ensure the results are statistically meaningful during this period.
Changes in Basel Capital Requirements and Lending Ability of African Commercial Banks
Authors: Oyetade Damilola , Obalade Adefemi A. , Muzindutsi Paul-Francois 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This research examines the potential impact of Basel IV capital requirements (CAR) on bank lending ability in Africa. To achieve the objective, the study simulated Basel IV capital ratio using historical data to create sample representative banks as if the selected banks had implemented Basel IV CAR for the period 2000 and 2018 and used actual data for existing Basel II and III CAR. Dynamic panel regression analyses, namely the System GMM and P-ARDL, were utilised. First, our results suggest that higher Basel CAR, particularly the new Basel IV, portends short-term negative impacts on bank lending while the long-term impact on bank lending is favorable. Second, the weight of non-performing loans tends to decline as banks transitioned from lower to higher Basel CAR. Lastly, this study shows that complying with Basel IV CAR will help African banks to achieve financial deepening and increase bank lending ability.
Obesity and coronavirus disease 2019
Authors: Fei Sijia , Feng Xinyuan , Luo Jingyi , Guo Lixin , Pan Qi 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has brought severe challenges to global public health. Many studies have shown that obesity plays a vital role in the occurrence and development of COVID-19. Obesity exacerbates COVID-19, leading to increased intensive care unit hospitalization rate, high demand for invasive mechanical ventilation, and high mortality. The mechanisms of interaction between obesity and COVID-19 involve inflammation, immune response, changes in pulmonary dynamics, disruptions of receptor ligands, and dysfunction of endothelial cells. Therefore, for obese patients with COVID-19, the degree of obesity and related comorbidities should be evaluated. Treatment methods such as administration of anticoagulants and anti-inflammatory drugs like glucocorticoids and airway management should be actively initiated. We should also pay attention to long-term prognosis and vaccine immunity and actively address the physical and psychological problems caused by longterm staying-at-home during the pandemic. The present study summarized the research to investigate the role of obesity in the incidence and progression of COVID-19 and the psychosocial impact and treatment options for obese patients with COVID-19, to guide the understanding and management of the disease.
Tracing Management Fashions in Selected Indices: A Descriptive Statistical Study
Authors: Tutar Hasan , Sarkhanov Teymur 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Background and purpose: Although management fashions have been discussed for nearly 30 years, a certain amount of time had to pass before the discussions were based on factual data. This research mainly aims to trace management approaches in some selected international indices over nearly half a century. In this study, the basic question of how the historical course of management fashions has developed has been answered by following the development course.

Methods: The Descriptive Statistical method was preferred in the study because of its suitability to the subject’s essence, the purpose of the research, and the research question’s answer. The research was carried out based on the data collected about management trends by scanning the Web of Science and Scopus databases covering 1975-2020.

Results: Management fashions follow rapid adoption, implementation, disappointment, and abandonment. Research results; show that the lack of knowledge and awareness of management fashions poses a significant waste of time and intellectual capital. This determination is crucial, especially for young researchers and new generation managers.

Conclusion: In conclusion, it can be said that while new approaches that have tangible counterparts and can be grounded continue, approaches that do not have concrete counterparts disappear, causing a waste of time and mental effort.
Long-term complications of tibial injury
Authors: Lychagin A. V. , Gritsyuk A. A. , Korytin V. S. 
Published: September 2022

The OBJECTIVE of the study, based on our own experience, was to determine the frequency, structure and specificity of long-term complications after replacement of soft tissue and leg bones defects, and to develop treatment tactics.METHODS AND MATERIALS. A retrospective study of the case of 53 patients who underwent treatment in the trauma department of the hospital for the period 2000 to 2008 was carried out. These patients had soft tissue wounds and circular defects of the tibial diaphysis because of severe open injuries of 17 (32.1 %) and gunshot wounds to the lower leg (36 (67.9 %). Patients underwent replacement of soft tissue and lower leg bones using the Ilizarov method and microsurgical reconstruction free flaps. The analysis of treatment results was carried out.RESULTS. After the end of inpatient treatment, patients were dynamic observation carried out. 39 (73.6 %) of 53 patients sought medical help, as for various complications, the average long-term follow-up was (42.2±5.5) months. The most frequent complications were relapses of soft tissue inflammation in 13.7 % and osteomyelitis in 24.5 % of cases, non-inflammatory complications were tibia fractures (5.7 %) and pseudarthrosis (7.6 %). The analysis of treatment methods of these complications is presented.CONCLUSION. Simultaneous replacement of extensive leg defects with a free vascularized flap and Ilizarov's distraction osteogenesis creates favorable conditions for wound healing and tibial restoration, however, in the long-term period there are complications in the form of recurrent osteomyelitis, tibia fractures and pseudarthrosis, which require specialized treatment based on a detailed analysis of the pathology and the previous treatment method.
Piloting a training program for community health workers for type 2 diabetes mellitus in Telangana, India
Authors: Gudlavalleti Anirudh Gaurang , Malladi Bala Vidyadhar S. , Ejas Sk. , Babu Giridhara R. , Murthy G. V. S. 
Published: September 2022

Objectives:
The burden of type 2 diabetes mellitus in India is increasing to epic proportions with 74.2 million living with diabetes. More individuals from lower socio-economic backgrounds and from rural/semi-urban backgrounds are presenting with the condition. Healthcare affordability and accessibility is often a challenge for such individuals. Hence, Accredited Social Health Activists and Auxiliary Nurse Midwives/Multipurpose Health Worker cadres of health workers in India have been entrusted with Non-Communicable Diseases portfolio. A randomized controlled trial was designed to train these health workers. The aim of the study is to pilot the training module developed for the RCT trial and revise the same according to the feedback received.

Materials and Methods:
Ethical clearance and trial registration were obtained from IIPHH and CTRI respectively. The pilot was conducted at a neutral venue with ASHA and ANM/MPHA cadres using a tool for feedback for each of the training sections.

Results:
All the participants found the module useful. Certain modifications were suggested and the same were incorporated into the final training module.

Conclusion:
The training module was successfully validated.