bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Extract Tannins from Spent Coffee Ground on Waste Water Treatment
Authors: Zulhipri  
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Green extraction processes to obtain high value bioactive compounds from raw natural materials and wastes has gained attention the past few years. In the present study, we investigated a Natural Deep Eutectic Solvent derived from two natural products, namely choline chloride and glucose as a potential solvent for the extraction of tannin compounds from spent coffee ground(SCG). A tannin was used as coagulant with the Poly aluminium chloride(PAC) as flocculant. Initially, jar test experiments were conducted with a varying dosage of coagulant and initial pH. Next, tests were carried out with different values of PAC dosage, flocculation time as well as sedimentation time to find out the optimum condition for colour removal. The supernatant layer of treated leachate from each test was analysed for colour, pH and conductivity. At optimum leachate pH of 5, experiments with 3 minutes flocculation time and sedimentation time of 10 minutes resulted in the highest colour removal (81.8%) at coagulant dosage of 100 mg/L, with 1 mg/L PAC being added. Coagulation flocculation system of as tannin-based coagulant with PAC as flocculant showed the promising result in decolourisation of wastewater.
Characterization and Identification of Magnetic Mineral Content in Industrial Dry Ink (Toner)
Authors: Helmita  , Rifai Hamdi , Dwiridal Letmi 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Dry ink (toner) is a very promising industry. With an increase in sales based on a survey as much as 42% every years. This figure is predicted to continue to increase along with the development of printing technology using toner and the possibility to make a new formula from toner. The formula for the toner maker consists of a polymer, a colorant and a control agent. Control agents are generally used to activate the magnetic characteristics of toner the material contains is a magnetic mineral. In this study, characterization was carried out to identify magnetic minerals used as control agents for activating magnetic characteristics such as amount, composition, phase of magnetic minerals. The toner used is TN2356, SM, P115, P1102, H85, CP1028. With the susceptibility method using the Bartington Magnetic Susceptibility MS2B tool, the susceptibility values of each TN2356 (9,50 x 10−8 m3/kg) SM (514,03 x 10−8 m3/kg) P115 (46,17 x 10−8 m3/kg) CP1028 (566,80 x 10−8 m3/kg) H85 (21153,47 x 10−8 m3/kg) P1102 (21194,77 x 10−8 m3/kg). Composition of toner using X-Ray Fluorescence (Fe,Ti,Ce,Si,P). The phase used by X-Ray Diffraction is magnetite (Fe3O4),except 2 samples contain magnetic minerals but dominantly contain Cerium Oxide (CeO2) phase P115 and TN2356.
Identification of Rock Types from Iron Sand at Pasia Jambak Beach, Padang, West Sumatra
Authors: Visgun Dwi Anisa , Rifai Hamdi , Rahmayuni Riza , Yuwanda Ardilla Nofri , Rahmi Anisa , Dwiridal Letmi 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
West Sumatera is a region that has an abundance of natural resources in the form of iron sand, one of which is in the area of Pasia Jambak Beach, Padang. Pasia Jambak Beach is one type of beach in rumps and sandy beaches, which has grayish-brown sand and rough grains on its surface. Iron sand could be formed due to weathering of rocks and materials found around the coast, such as old ships and others. This study aims to see the type rock of origin and the composition of the magnetic mineral elements found in the iron sand of Pasia Jambak Beach. The composition of iron sand-forming elements can be seen using XRF. The analysis results using XRF showed that the most dominant element in the samples was Si (Silica) and Fe (Ferrum). Based on the SiO2
vs K2O diagram, it can be seen that the iron sand in the Pasia jambak Beach area comes from weathering of Basalt, Dacite, and Latite rocks. So, it could be concluded that the original rock group from iron sand at Pasia Jambak Beach is the Calc-Alkaline group (medium Potassium content) and High K Calc-Alkaline (high Potassium content).
The Effect of Acid, Salt and Base Immersion on Hydrophobic Properties of SiMn/PS Nanocomposite
Authors: Ratnawulan R , Putri Suchi R , Septiana Dian , Putri Sisi Gusti , Fauzi A 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The manufacture of hydrophobic coatings that have self-cleaning properties has become a research trend now, but when applied, the coating is still easily damaged due to contact with other objects and is not durable due to corrosion. This problem will certainly hinder the application of hydrophobic surfaces in industry. For this reason, the researchers mixed substrates that had anti-corrosion properties such as silica and hard and strong properties such as manganese to be able to solve the previous problem, and the method used is spin coating. The precursors were made by adding 0.5 grams of polystyrene, 0.2 grams of silica nanoparticles and 0.2 grams of manganese nanoparticles. The coating was done by using the spin coating method and the calcination temperature was 60°C using an oven for 1 hour. The research results indicate that during immersion in an acid solution (pH 6), a salt solution (pH 7) and an alkaline solution (pH 11) as well as before immersion, there is a decrease in crystal size. For the best contact angle results obtained after immersion in acid is 97.28° with salt and base is 91.65° and 95.21° and before immersion is 104.70°.
Automatic Transfer Switch Solar Cell Inverter System Based on Android Application
Authors: Audia Washilla , Mairizwan  , Anshari Rio , Yulkifli  
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The main electricity supply is PLN, which is not always continuous in its distribution, one day there will be blackouts caused by disturbances in the transmission or distribution system and the limited availability of fossil energy. This can result in disruption of human activities and productivity. The solution to this problem is to develop an Automatic Transfer Switch on a hybrid system that utilizes Android-based solar cell and PLN energy. This system will work automatically as a hybrid power plant by utilizing ATS as well as remote monitoring and control. This research is classified as laboratory experimental engineering research. The data collection technique was carried out by direct measurement by varying the electrical power needed by the house. This research was developed using an application with simulation results when the harvesting conditions of the solar panels are the same as the power required by the house, the system will automatically supply power from full solar cells to the house. When harvesting conditions from solar panels are minimal, the system will automatically supply electricity from solar cells and PLN to the house. So the appliance can run as expected and the power savings at home when using this system is 84%.
Irregular Magnetic Susceptibility Pattern of Iron Sand from Pasia Jambak Beach, Pasia Nan Tigo, Padang, Indonesia
Authors: Rahmi Anisa , Rifai Hamdi , Rahmayuni Riza , Yuwanda Ardilla Nofri , Visgun Dwi Anisa , Dwiridal Letmi 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
West Sumatra has the potential of abundant natural resources in the form of iron sand, one of which is located in the Pasia Jambak Beach area, Pasia Nan Tigo, Padang. Basically iron sands have magnetite (Fe3O
4), hematite (α-Fe2O
3), and maghemite (γ-Fe2O
3) which can be used as a mineral of high economic value. However, the iron sand of Pasia Jambak Beach, Pasia Nan Tigo, has no known magnetic mineral. This study aims to investigate the magnetic mineral content of the iron sand of Pasia Jambak Beach, Pasia Nan Tigo, Padang based on its magnetic susceptibility. The variation of the investigated susceptibility value is based on depth. Magnetic susceptibility measurements were carried out using a Bartington Magnetic Susceptibility Meter with a MS2B sensor dual frequency. The results showed that the magnetic susceptibility value of the iron sand of Pasia Jambak Beach, Pasia Nan Tigo, Padang varied based on the depth from 291.1 x 10−8 m3/kg to 12445.5 x 10−8 m3/kg with an average value of 2016.35 x 10−8 m3/kg. Variations in the susceptibility value of iron sand obtained at each depth have changes or variations in the susceptibility value that are irregular or do not have a certain pattern.
PyTherNal: A python program for analyzing curie temperature from thermomagnetic data
Authors: Nanlohy George Billy , Yosia Gabrian Granito , Salim Christopher , Mariyanto Mariyanto 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThermomagnetic analysis is performed by bringing subject materials into its cooled and heated state, followed by analyzing the magnetic moment change. Performing these would result in obtaining the Curie Temperature of the materials, which is essential in estimating magnetic minerals contained in material samples. PyTherNal (Python Thermomagnetic Analyzer) is a thermomagnetic analysis tool in Python environment meant to assist in analyzing thermomagnetic data. The advantages of Python in its functionality and flexibility of being used in any operating system (OS) became the main reason for the program to be written in Python. PyTherNal is designed to assist in estimating Curie temperature of materials through thermomagnetic method, by locating the maximum curvature of the highest value of second (2nd) derivative of both cooling and heating data. To facilitate these, PyTherNal generates three figures, which are the curves for the thermomagnetic data, its 1stderivative, and its 2ndderivative. An advantage of the program is that it performs smoothing to increase the accuracy in estimating the Curie temperature as doing so would significantly minimize the variability of the derivative curve. Since the program is written in Python, it is open-source and therefore free to use. It is also capable of cross-platforming.
Characteristic and Photostability of Astaxanthin Extract from Shrimp Shells by Microwave Assisted Extraction Using Nades Solvent
Authors: Nanda Elsa Vera , Erdawati  , Pratiwi Yussi , Putri Eriska Rahmi 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This study aims to determine the effect of temperature and light UV on the colour photostability of astaxanthin microcapsule. Astaxanthin from shrimp shells, extracts by microwave assisted extraction using NADES as the solvent. The optimal conditions obtained were, a microwave power of 180 W, an extraction time of 5 minutes, and ratio NADES shrimp shell powder 8: 1 mL/g with yield astaxanthin of 7,466 ppm. Astaxanthin is purified using petroleum ether and dehydrated with anhydrous natrium sulphite. The purification results showed an increase in the brightness of the astaxanthin colour, expressed in L * 48.70 and an h value of 73.12. In order to maintain their photostability colour, astaxanthin is encapsulated with nano chitosan. The astaxanthin microcapsules were characterized by SEM, EDX, FTIR, and XRD, for chemical structure, morphological, and crystallization observation. It was reported that a photostability astaxanthin microcapsule was slightly enhanced. The test results showed that the colour of the astaxanthin microcapsules did not change after 30 minutes of UV exposure. The heat resistance test also shows that at 200° C the colour of astaxanthin microcapsule turns brown due to the solvent and the water in the astaxanthin microcapsule evaporates.
The Development and Usability of Optics Kit as a Teaching Aid among Physics Trainee Teachers
Authors: Kadir Nor Sahkkina , Yaacob Mohd Ikhwan Hadi 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This study was conducted to develop a teaching aid known as the Optics Kit. This Optics Kit consists of tools and learning modules that were designed according to form four physics DSKP syllabus. The study utilized the ADDIE Model as instructional design which embraced the quantitative survey method. The developed Optics Kit has obtained validity from the experts while its usability were conducted among physics trainee teachers which consists of 30 trainee teacher from the Bachelor of Education (Physics) programme that were selected via cluster sampling method. The instruments used in this study was the validity questionnaire and usability test which were adapted from previous research. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS software. Results obtained from this study found that the validity value of Optics Kit and the usability test based on the percentage of expert consent are 100% and 97.9%, while the mean score value for the usability of this Optics Kit is 4.98. These findings show that the Optics Kit has high validity and strong agreement on usability of the Optics Kit as a teaching aid. In conclusion, this Optics Kit was successfully developed to be used as a teaching aid for the topic of Light and Optics.
Development and Usability of ‘Gravigame’ in Kepler’s Law Among Physics Trainee Teacher
Authors: Ismail Farah Najwa binti , Mohtar Lilia Ellany binti , Al-Zuhairi Omar Ayad Fadhil 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This study aimed to develop a ‘Gravigame’ in Kepler’s law and to evaluate its usability among physics trainee teachers at one of the public universities in Malaysia. This study uses a developmental research design by applying the ADDIE model. The research sample consisted of 30 trainee physics teachers who were randomly selected from seven and eight semesters’ students. Two research instruments were used, namely the expert validation form and usability questionnaire adapted from the USE Questionnaire. Data from the usability questionnaire were analysed descriptively using mean and standard deviation (s.d). Data showed that the developed game has a high validity with 94% of expert agreement. The usability data analyses showed that the ‘Gravigame’ has an overall of mean score 3.81 (s.d = 0.282). The three constructs that represent usability namely usefulness, ease of use and satisfaction are at a good level with the mean score of 3.80, 3.76 and 3.86 respectively. In conclusion, the research has successfully developed a validated ‘Gravigame’ that can be used as a teaching aid. For implication, the ‘Gravigame’ game is suitable for classroom learning, making it easier for teachers to assess students and helping students understand the subtopic of Kepler’s law.
The Analysis of Suitability Level High School Physics Materials with Covid-19 Knowledge for the Development of Research-Based Physics E-Books
Authors: Nurhaliza Putri , Fauzi Ahmad 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Padang is a city affected by Covid-19 with a high threat. One of the efforts to break the chain the spread Covid-19 is by incorporating knowledge of Covid-19 in learning Physics. However, until now how the level of compatibility physics material with knowledge of Covid-19 is not known. This type of research is descriptive research with qualitative approach. The population is all high school physics material and taking samples of high school physics material for 3 consecutive semesters based on the 2013 curriculum. The research procedure includes: 1) preparation stage, 2) implementation stage, 3) completion stage. In the physics e-book for class X first semester basic competencies 3.1 is included in the appropriate category, for 3.2 and 3.4 is in the quite appropriate category, for 3.3, 3.5 and 3.6 is in the inappropriate category. For second semester basic competencies 3.7, 3.8 and 3.11 fall into category not enough in accordance, for 3.9 enter the appropriate category and 3.10 fall into the category quite appropriate. For class XI first semester basic competencies 3.1 and 3.2 fall into category no in accordance, for 3.3, 3.4 and 3.5 are in the quite appropriate category and 3.6 fall into category not enoughin accordance.
Practicality of Basic Electronics Module Integrating Creative Thinking in Diode Circuit Material and Its Application
Authors: Hufri  , Triani Frima 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The existing learning modules can develop students’ understanding of material skills, but they are still general in nature and have not integrated creative thinking in them. This study ambitions to determine the practicality of fundamental electronics modules that integrate creative thinking abilities in diode circuit subject matter and their applications. The studies carried out is a kind of Research and Development, specifically the development of fundamental electronics modules that integrate creative thinking skills in diode circuit materials and their applications. The data collection instruments used were validation sheets and practicality test sheets by the lecturer. The product and data analysis techniques used were product validity analysis and product practicality analysis. The practicality value of the module by basic electronics lecturers with an average value of 91.5%. Based on this value, So this shows that the basic electronics module that was developed to integrate creative thinking abilities in the discussion of diode circuits and its application already has a very practical category.
Development of Edmodo-Based Online Learning Media Devices Based on Modified Free Inquiry (MFI) on Electric Circuit Materials For Distance Learning (PJJ)
Authors: Susanti Dwi , Serevina Vina , Rahma K A , Mandagi A F 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Edmodo can help teachers build virtual classes according to classroom learning conditions based on real class divisions at school, which contain discussions, quizzes, and assignments at the end of each lesson. By applying the model to Modified Free Inquiry (MFI) Edmodo online learning media, interactions, and communication in the classroom can be shaped like conventional classrooms. The purpose of this study was to develop online learning media tools assisted by the Edmodo application in the physics material of electric circuits with the learning model MFI. The research method used is Research and Development (RnD) with the development process using the 4D model, consisting of define, design, develop, and disseminate. The data collection instrument involved 2 material validators, 2 media validators, and 2 learning validators and the teacher’s response was tested. This study shows that the validation results and teacher responses are obtained with an average percentage of the assessment of 83%. Based on the results of research and discussion can be concluded that online learning media device based Edmodo assisted MFIs are categorized as valid and feasible to use
Learning Application Design Using Physicatz of Geography and Science Edition: Solar System for High School
Authors: Fahdiran Riser , Serevina V , Yaqiin M H , Tahara A R 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
A brand-new comprehensive education application by Physicatz in the edition of the science of solar system has been developed and tested in a teaching-learning activity in State High School 30 Jakarta on 09 April 2020. The purpose of this research is to know the eligibility of using this comprehensive application for instructional activity as a learning media for this subject. This application’s features consist of a magnificent 3D solar system reading material, an interactive quiz, exercises, and a video-based comic that will take us to explore the solar system. The method used in this research was ADDIE Instructional Design (ID) methods with steps: (1) Analysis, (2) Design, (3) Develop, (4) Implement, (5) Evaluate. This research was tested on 100 students of 10th grade State High School 30 Jakarta. This application has been tested through validity examination and received an average percentage of 83,44% from the professional subject matter, 92,31% from the professional learning resources, and 91,97% from the subject matter teacher. The students also took part in the test of using this application to learning Earth and Space Science: the solar system, and received an average percentage of 91,99%.
The validity of physics learning evaluation teaching material based on project-based learning and portfolio assessment
Authors: Dewi W S , Murtiani  , Sari S Y , Mairizwan  
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Physics Learning Evaluation course aims to develop students’ knowledge and skills in conducting school assessments in case studies or project assignments. However, the difficulty of implementing a contextual evaluation to actual conditions was the main problem for students. In addition, it was not easy to find evaluations that could be uses as project assignments. On the teacher’s side, the project assignments produced by students had not been thoroughly assessing by appropriate assessments taking into the preparation, process, and results stages. Project-Based Learning (PjBL) is a suitable model for students’ independence in constructing learning through project assignments. The study aims to develop teaching materials for the Physics Learning Evaluation based on PjBL and portfolio assessment. The study used the ADDIE model with five stages: analyze, design, develop, implement, and evaluate. The validation of these teaching materials is part of the development stage, which carry out after the teaching materials create. The results of expert validation of the teaching materials reach 87.41 with very valid criteria. It showed that physics learning evaluation teaching material based on project-based learning and portfolio assessment are appropriate to improve students’ scientific skills.
Development and usability of JUQUANJI game in quantum theory of light among pre-service physics teacher
Authors: Sajri Nur Aqilah Aisyah , Mohtar Lilia Ellany , Ramly Rosazley 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This study aimed to develop a teaching aid namely ‘JUQUANJI’ and evaluate its usability among physics trainee teachers at Sultan Idris Education University. ‘JUQUANJI’ is adapted from the JUMANJI board game and developed by using Genialy website tool. This study uses a development research design by applying the ADDIE model, which has five phases: analysis, design, development, implementation and evaluation. The research samples consisted of 32 trainee physics teachers from semesters seven and eight selected using a simple random sampling technique. Two research instruments were used, namely the expert validation form and usability questionnaires adapted from the USE Questionnaire. Data from the usability questionnaire were analyzed descriptively using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 26.0 to obtain the mean and standard deviation (s.d). The data analyses from two experts showed that the developed game had a very satisfactory validity with 99.48% of agreement. The usability data analyses showed that the ‘JUQUANJI’ game was at a good level with a mean score of 3.79 (s.d = 0.353). The three constructs that represent usability namely usefulness, ease of use, ease of learning and satisfaction are at a good level with the mean score of 3.71 (s.d = 0.385), 3.73 (s.d = 0.391), 3.83 (s.d = 0.333) and 3.89 (s.d = 0.304) respectively. In conclusion, ‘JUQUANJI’ game has achieved the research objectives which is proven through the findings from the validity of experts and usability. This game suitable to help teachers to assess students while the student can make a revision related to the subtopic of Quantum Theory of Light.