bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Viral genetic determinants of prolonged respiratory syncytial virus infection among infants in a healthy term birth cohort
Authors: Lawless Dylan , McKennan Christopher G. , Das Suman R. , Junier Thomas , Xu Zhi Ming , Anderson Larry J , Gebretsadik Tebeb , Shilts Meghan H. , Larkin Emma , Rosas-Salazar Christian , Chappell James D. , Fellay Jacques , Hartert Tina V. 
Published: June 2022

1AbstractBackgroundRespiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is associated with acute respiratory infection. We sought to identify RSV variants associated with prolonged infection.MethodsAmong healthy term infants we identified those with prolonged RSV infection and conducted 1) a human GWAS to test the dependence of infection risk on host genotype, 2) a viral GWAS for association with prolonged RSV infection using RSV whole-genome sequencing, 3) an analysis of all viral public sequences, 4) an assessment of immunological responses, and 5) a summary of all major functional data. Analyses were adjusted for viral/human population structure and host factors associated with infection risk.ResultsWe identified p.E123K/D and p.P218T/S/L in G protein that were associated with prolonged infection (Padj= 0.01). We found no evidence of host genetic risk for infection. The RSV variant positions approximate sequences that could bind a putative viral receptor, heparan sulfate.ConclusionsUsing analysis of both viral and host genetics we identified a novel RSV variant associated with prolonged infection in healthy infants and no evidence supporting host genetic susceptibility to infection. As the capacity of RSV for chronicity and its viral reservoir are not defined, these findings are important for understanding the impact of RSV on chronic disease and endemicity.Key pointsUsing a comprehensive computational analysis of viral and host genetics we identified a novel RSV variant associated with prolonged infection and no evidence supporting host genetic infection susceptibility, findings important to understanding RSV contribution to chronic disease and viral endemicity.SummaryA comprehensive computational statistical analysis of both host and viral genetics provided compelling evidence for RSV viral persistence in healthy human infants, a finding of significant importance to understanding the impact of RSV on chronic disease and viral endemicity.
Mutational insights among the structural proteins of SARS-CoV-2: frequencies and evolutionary trends in American countries
Authors: Abavisani Mohammad , Rahimian Karim , Khayami Reza , Mollapour Sisakht Mahsa , Mahmanzar Mohammadamin , Meshkat Zahra 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has a role in the mortality of more than 6 million people worldwide. This virus owns the genome, which contains four structural proteins, including spike (S), envelope (E), membrane (M), and nucleocapsid (N). The occurrence of structural mutations can induce the emergence of new variants. Depending on the mutations, the variants may display different patterns of infectivity, mortality, and sensitivity toward drugs and vaccines. In this study, we analyzed samples of amino-acid sequences (AASs) for structural proteins from the coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) declaration as a pandemic to April 2022 among American countries. The analysis process included considering mutations’ frequencies, locations, and evolutionary trends utilizing sequence alignment to the reference sequence. In the following, the results were compared with the same analyses among the samples of the entire world. Results displayed that despite samples of North America and international countries that own the region of 508 to 635 with the highest mutation frequency among S AASs, the region with the same characteristic was concluded as 1 to 127 in South America. Besides, the most frequent mutations in S, E, M, and N proteins from North America and worldwide samples were concluded as D614G, T9I, I82T, and R203M. In comparison, R203K was the first frequent mutation in N samples in South America. Widely comparing mutations between North America and South America and between the Americas and the world can help scientists introduce better drug and vaccine development strategies.
The evolution of Monkeypox virus: a genetic and structural analysis reveals mutations in proteins involved in host-pathogen interaction
Authors: Benvenuto Domenico , Vita Serena , Pascarella Stefano , Bianchi Martina , Giovanetti Marta , Cauda Roberto , Nicastri Emanuele , Cassone Antonio , Ciccozzi Massimo 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundOver the past few months, we have witnessed a new outbreak of a MPXV that has been detected without a clear link to Africa and has quickly spread globally.MethodsIn this article we investigate the mutational pattern of the MPXV and provide evidence for the presence of 6 new mutations that appear to characterize the current MPX-2022 outbreak. With the use of a number of chemical and physical parameters, we predict the stability of the mutated proteins, and propose an interpretation of the impact of these mutations on viral fitness).FindingsMost mutations, particularly the Immunomodulator A46, TNFr and Large transcript constituent, affect proteins playing an important role in host response to MPVX infection and could also be relevant to the clinical features of the 2022 MPXV outbreak.InterpretationAlthough further, experimental work is necessary for a full understanding of the impact of the mutations here reported on virus replication pathways and host immunomodulation, our in-silico data suggest the importance of monitoring the emergence of new MPXV mutations for the prevention of future outbreaks potentially dangerous for public health.FundingNo funding to declare
Natural resources and national productivity in Africa: are there differences in high and low globalized economies?
Authors: Nakouwo Solomon Nborkan , Ofori-Sasu Daniel , Kusi Baah Aye 
Published: June 2022

PurposeThis paper aims to examine the effect of natural resources on the national productivity of high and low globalized economies in Africa.Design/methodology/approachThis study uses two-step generalized method of moments dynamic panel data of 30 African economies between 2006 and 2016 to achieve the purpose of the study.FindingsThe results suggest that natural resources promote productivity within African economies regardless of the level of globalization. However, while natural resources have an overall enhancing effect on national productivity in both high and low globalized economies, the enhancing effect varies according to the forms of globalization. The findings of this study suggest that globalization can alter the nexus between natural resources and national productivity in Africa. The results imply that African Governments and their related policymakers can rely on globalization to promote the effect of natural resources on productivity of African economies.Practical implicationsThis result is good and welcoming news, especially when natural resources in Africa have been described by prior studies as a curse to the continent. While globalization can be a tool for policymakers in Africa to deploy the positive effect of natural resources on national productivity, they might as well be careful as to which form of globalization they pursue, given that different forms and different levels or extent (high or low) of globalization yields different results on the nexus between natural resources and national productivity.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first of its kind to examine how natural resources affect national productivity in high and low globalized economies, especially in Africa.
Does online assessments support of students in higher education? The moderating role of IT experience
Authors: Devisakti A. , Muftahu Muhammad 
Published: June 2022

PurposeThe advancement of technology in the last decades transformed the education from mortar and brick into online teaching and learning. It also changed the assessments from paper-based to technology-supported assessments. This study aims to examine how technology support student's online assessments in higher education institutions from diverse background.Design/methodology/approachData were collected from 411 undergraduates in both public and private universities in Malaysia and analysed using partial least square-structural equation modelling.FindingsThe findings implied that performance expectancy and resources-facilitating conditions have a positive significant relationship with behavioural intention. IT experience moderates the relationship between effort expectancy, social influence and behaviour intention to use online assessment.Originality/valueThis study offered new insights into the intention to use online assessment among diverse student's background.
Strategies to mitigate barriers to supply chain sustainability: an apparel manufacturing case study
Authors: Chowdhury Md. Maruf Hossan , Rahman Shams , Quaddus Mohammed A. , Shi Yangyan 
Published: June 2022

PurposeThis research aims to develop a decision support framework to determine the optimal strategies for mitigating supply chain sustainability (SCS) barriers.Design/methodology/approachTo operationalize the research objectives, both qualitative and quantitative methods were adopted. The qualitative phase comprised a field study, while a quality function deployment approach and optimisation technique were used in the quantitative phase.FindingsThis study finds that a lack of support from top management and cost and utility supply problems are the primary barriers to SCS. This study also finds that incentives for suppliers to implement sustainability practices, awareness building among supply chain members and supplier development are the main strategies to mitigate the barriers.Practical implicationsThe findings of this study will assist the supply chain managers in prioritizing sustainability barriers and implementing the optimal strategies to mitigate the barriers.Originality/valueFounded on the stakeholder theory and dynamic capability view, this study developed a unique decision support framework to identify appropriate strategies for mitigating SCS barriers while optimizing the social, environmental and economic objectives of the supply chain.
Using social media information to predict the credit risk of listed enterprises in the supply chain
Authors: Yao Gang , Hu Xiaojian , Xu Liangcheng , Wu Zhening 
Published: June 2022

PurposeSocial media data from financial websites contain information related to enterprise credit risk. Mining valuable new features in social media data helps to improve prediction performance. This paper proposes a credit risk prediction framework that integrates social media information to improve listed enterprise credit risk prediction in the supply chain.Design/methodology/approachThe prediction framework includes four stages. First, social media information is obtained through web crawler technology. Second, text sentiment in social media information is mined through natural language processing. Third, text sentiment features are constructed. Finally, the new features are integrated with traditional features as input for models for credit risk prediction. This paper takes Chinese pharmaceutical enterprises as an example to test the prediction framework and obtain relevant management enlightenment.FindingsThe prediction framework can improve enterprise credit risk prediction performance. The prediction performance of text sentiment features in social media data is better than that of most traditional features. The time-weighted text sentiment feature has the best prediction performance in mining social media information.Practical implicationsThe prediction framework is helpful for the credit decision-making of credit departments and the policy regulation of regulatory departments and is conducive to the sustainable development of enterprises.Originality/valueThe prediction framework can effectively mine social media information and obtain an excellent prediction effect of listed enterprise credit risk in the supply chain.
Matching explanations with regulatory focus
Authors: Salagrama Ramakrishna , Mattila Anna S. , Prashar Sanjeev , Tata Sai Vijay 
Published: June 2022

PurposeThe present research examines the interaction between explanation type and regulatory focus on informational justice (IJ) and satisfaction with service recovery.Design/methodology/approachThe authors conducted two experiments with 538 respondents.FindingsThe findings imply that the effectiveness of the explanation type depends on the regulatory focus of the recipient and the severity of the failure. Specifically, with low severity failures, promotion-oriented respondents were sensitive to explanations about why failures happened. Conversely, their prevention-oriented counterparts were sensitive to explanations about how failures happened. With high severity failures, respondents were sensitive to how the failure happened irrespective of their regulatory focus orientation. Moreover, IJ is the psychological mechanism explaining such effects on satisfaction with service recovery.Originality/valueThe research contributes to the service recovery literature showing that explanations provided by the service providers should match the regulatory focus of the customers. The study provides new insights to the practicing managers to enhance the effectiveness of the explanations thus reducing recovery dissatisfaction.
How businesswomen engage customers on social media?
Authors: Fatima Nida , Ali Raza 
Published: June 2022

Purpose
This study aims to explore how businesswomen running micro and small enterprises (MSEs) use social media (SM) to engage customers. The study also investigates how SM (vs traditional media) and customer engagement improve business performance.

Design/methodology/approach
This qualitative study is based on interviews with businesswomen.

Findings
Businesswomen use SM actively but not effectively. SM are used primarily for advertising and promotion. External factors, such as family and friends, are more influential in the decision of women to use SM in business. Women mostly use defensive rather than offensive strategies. Effective use of SM in conjunction with conventional marketing tools can improve customer engagement and increase business performance.

Practical implications
The research findings are valuable for marketing managers, women entrepreneurs and micro and small businesses in making decisions to effectively use SM.

Originality/value
This study investigates customer engagement from the owner/manager’s perspective in contrast to the general customer-centric approach. The study contributes analysing an important and scarcely explored area, which is the use of SM by women-run MSEs in less developed countries to engage consumers.
Re‐ordering Motherhood and Employment: Mobilizing ‘Mums Everywhere’ during Covid‐19
Authors: Ashman Rachel , Radcliffe Laura , Patterson Anthony , Gatrell Caroline 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis paper explores the impact of the ‘mobilization’ of employed mothers by the UK government to home‐school and care for children while performing paid work at home, in order to limit Covid‐19 transmission. Drawing upon actor network theory (ANT), we extend John Law's (1994) concept ‘modes of ordering’ (or strategic shifts in response to change when power relations are unequal) to illuminate how employed mothers’ networks were re‐ordered. In this netnography, we observe how they re‐ordered personal and local networks to combine home‐working, home‐schooling and childcare. We learn how, when mothers’ usual networks broke down, they employed three novel modes of re‐ordering: retentive, retrogressive and reformative. These modes capture the complex relationships between work and family – an area of concern that has previously received limited attention in relation to actor networks. Our findings reveal the gendered nature of the mandatory imposition of home‐working during the pandemic. Through developing Law's modes of ordering, we demonstrate the potential of ANT to understand the impact on mothers of home‐working and highlight important practical contributions for organizations and governments.
Juvenile socio‐sexual experience determines lifetime sperm expenditure and adult survival in a polygamous moth, Ephestia kuehniella
Authors: Liu Junyan , He Xiong Z. , Zheng Xia‐Lin , Zhang Yujing , Wang Qiao 
Published: June 2022

AbstractMale animals often adjust their sperm investment in response to sperm competition environment. To date, only a few studies have investigated how juvenile sociosexual settings affect sperm production before adulthood and sperm allocation during the first mating. Yet, it is unclear whether juvenile sociosexual experience (1) determines lifetime sperm production and allocation in any animal species; (2) alters the eupyrene : apyrene sperm ratio in lifetime ejaculates of any lepidopteran insects, and (3) influences lifetime ejaculation patterns, number of matings and adult longevity. Here we used a polygamous moth, Ephestia kuehniella, to address these questions. Upon male adult emergence from juveniles reared at different density and sex ratio, we paired each male with a virgin female daily until his death. We dissected each mated female to count the sperm transferred and recorded male longevity and lifetime number of matings. We demonstrate for the first time that males ejaculated significantly more eupyrenes and apyrenes in their lifetime after their young were exposed to juvenile rivals. Adult moths continued to produce eupyrene sperm, contradicting the previous predictions for lepidopterans. The eupyrene : apyrene ratio in the lifetime ejaculates remained unchanged in all treatments, suggesting that the sperm ratio is critical for reproductive success. Male juvenile exposure to other juveniles regardless of sex ratio caused significantly shorter adult longevity and faster decline in sperm ejaculation over successive matings. However, males from all treatments achieved similar number of matings in their lifetime. This study provides insight into adaptive resource allocation by males in response to juvenile sociosexual environment.
Food allergy, mechanisms, diagnosis and treatment: Innovation through a multi‐targeted approach
Authors: Sindher Sayantani B. , Long Andrew , Chin Andrew R. , Hy Angela , Sampath Vanitha , Nadeau Kari C. , Chinthrajah R. Sharon 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe incidence of food allergy (FA) has continued to rise over the last several decades, posing significant burdens on health and quality of life. Significant strides into the advancement of FA diagnosis, prevention, and treatment have been made in recent years. In an effort to lower reliance on resource‐intensive food challenges, the field has continued work toward the development of highly sensitive and specific assays capable of high‐throughput analysis to assist in the diagnosis FA. In looking toward early infancy as a critical period in the development of allergy or acquisition of tolerance, evidence has increasingly suggested that early intervention via the early introduction of food allergens and maintenance of skin barrier function may decrease the risk of FA. As such, large‐scale investigations are underway evaluating infant feeding and the impact of emollient and steroid use in infants with dry skin for the prevention of allergy. On the other end of the spectrum, the past few years have been witness to an explosive increase in clinical trials of novel and innovative therapeutic strategies aimed at the treatment of FA in those whom the disease has already manifested. A milestone in the field, 2020 marked the approval of the first drug, oral peanut allergen, for the indication of peanut allergy. With a foundation of promising data supporting the safety and efficacy of single‐ and multi‐allergen oral immunotherapy, current efforts have turned toward the use of probiotics, biologic agents, and modified allergens to optimize and improve upon existing paradigms. Through these advancements, the field hopes to gain footing in the ongoing battle against FA.
Maximizing the spread of conservation initiatives in social networks
Authors: Wineland Sean M. , Neeson Thomas M. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractConservation programs and policies can preserve biodiversity and boost ecosystem services, but only when widely adopted. While thousands of conservation initiatives exist globally, most fail to spread beyond a few initial adopters. Here, we use network science to (1) determine the topology and structure of two networks of conservation actors (one regional, one national), (2) identify influential individuals in those networks, and (3) test whether the adoption of a conservation initiative by influential individuals could increase the spread of that initiative across the network. We find that initial adoption by influential individuals results in sharp improvements in the total number of adopters of a conservation initiative network‐wide, particularly when a linear threshold diffusion model is used. Under an independent cascade diffusion model, the benefits of targeting influencers are smaller but still substantial. These benefits occurred in both networks despite very different network structures: the regional network resembles a random network comprised mostly of state agencies and local entities, while the national network has a scale‐free structure with highly influential hubs of federal agency and NGO entities. Given that many conservation programs fail to reach critical mass, our findings highlight the importance of strategically targeting influential individuals to boost the spread of conservation initiatives.
Intervenções para promover função física de crianças e jovens com paralisia cerebral: diretriz internacional de prática clínica
Authors: Jackman Michelle , Sakzewski Leanne , Morgan Catherine , Boyd Roslyn N. , Brennan Sue E. , Langdon Katherine , Toovey Rachel A. M. , Greaves Sue , Thorley Megan , Novak Iona 
Published: June 2022

ResumoOBJETIVOFornecer recomendações de intervenções para promoção da função física de crianças e jovens com paralisia cerebral.MÉTODOUm painel de especialistas priorizou perguntas e desfechos importantes para o paciente. Usando o Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE), o painel avaliou a certeza das evidências e fez recomendações, com consultoria de especialistas internacionais e consumidores.RESULTADOSA diretriz compreende 13 recomendações (informadas por três revisões sistemáticas, 30 estudos randomizados e cinco estudos pré‐pós). Para alcance de objetivos funcionais, recomenda‐se que a intervenção inclua objetivos escolhidos pelo cliente, prática completa da tarefa em ambientes da vida real, suporte para empoderar as famílias e uma abordagem em equipe. Idade, habilidade e preferências da criança/família precisam ser consideradas. Para melhora da habilidade da marcha, recomenda‐se marcha no solo, que pode ser complementada com treinamento em esteira. Várias abordagens podem facilitar os objetivos relacionados ao uso das mãos: terapia bimanual, terapia de contensão induzida, treino direcionado a objetivos e abordagens cognitivas. Para auto‐cuidado, prática da tarefa completa, combinada com recursos assistivos podem aumentar a independência e reduzir a sobrecarga do cuidador. A participação em objetivos de lazer pode combinar prática da tarefa completa com estratégias direcionadas para barreiras ambientais, pessoais e sociais.INTERPRETAÇÃOIntervenção para promoção da função de crianças e jovens com paralisia cerebral precisa incluir objetivos escolhidos pelo cliente e a prática da tarefa completa dos objetivos. Os clínicos devem considerar as preferências da criança/família, idade e habilidade ao selecionarem intervenções específicas.