bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hemispheric differences of 1Hz rTMS over motor and premotor cortex in modulation of neural processing and hand function
Authors: Veldema Jitka , Nowak Dennis Alexander , Bösl Kathrin , Gharabaghi Alireza 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Introduction: Non-invasive brain stimulation can modulate both neural processing and behavioral performance. Its effects may by influenced by the stimulated area and hemisphere. In this study (EC no. 09083), repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) was applied to the primary motor cortex (M1) or dorsal premotor cortex (dPMC) of either the right or left hemisphere, while evaluating cortical neurophysiology and hand function.
Methods: Fifteen healthy subjects participated in this placebo-controlled crossover study. Four sessions of real 1Hz rTMS (110% of rMT, 900 pulses) over (i) left M1, (ii) right M1, (iii) left dPMC, (iv) right dPMC, and one session of (v) placebo 1Hz rTMS (0% of rMT, 900 pulses) over the left M1 were applied in randomized order. Motor function of both hands(Jebsen-Taylor Hand Function Test (JTHFT)) and neural processing within both hemispheres (motor evoked potentials (MEPs), cortical silent period (CSP) and ipsilateral silent period (ISP)) were evaluated prior and after each intervention session.
Results: A lengthening of CSP and ISP durations within the right hemisphere were induced by 1Hz rTMS over both areas and hemispheres. No such intervention-induced neurophysiological changes were detected within the left hemisphere. Regarding JTHFT and MEP, no intervention-induced changes ensued. Changes of hand function correlated with neurophysiological changes within both hemispheres, more often for the left than the right hand.
Conclusions: Effects of 1Hz rTMS can be better captured by neurophysiological than behavioral measures. Hemispheric differences need to be considered for this intervention.
Cadmium induced mitochondria apoptosis via the reduction of Th2 cells in pig thyroids
Authors: Zhang Yilei , Liu Xiaojing , Zhang Wenyue , Lan Jing , Sun Gang 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Cadmium, as an environmental pollution element, is considered as a strong toxic substance of organisms. High doses of cadmium have serious cytotoxicity and induces programmed cell necrosis, autophagy, and apoptosis. Th1/Th2 balance is involved in regulating the dynamic balance of cytokine networks and is closely related to the occurrence and development of a variety of diseases. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between Th1/Th2 balance and cadmium-induced apoptosis of thyroid cells. Cadmium poisoning pig model was established in which healthy 6-week-old pigs were exposed to CdCl2 for 40 days (with a dietary cadmium content of 20mg/kg). First, apoptosis was detected by TUNEL staining, and Th1/Th2 equilibrium shift was detected by immunofluorescence. Secondly, the mRNA and protein expression of related proteins were detected by qRT-PCR and Western blot. The results showed that the Th1/Th2 balance shifted towards Th1 and Th2 cells decreased；and the expression levels of Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK pathway related proteins were inhibited in group Cd. In addition, Bax, CytC, Caspase9, and Caspase3 expression increased and Bcl2 expression decreased after cadmium exposure. In brief, our experiments suggested that the pro-apoptosis-related genes expression upregulates and apoptosis induces by activating the mitochondrial pathway signaling pathway in thyroid cells after Cadmium exposure. These negative effects are in connection with the Th1/Th2 imbalance and the reduction of Th2 cytokines.
Design of combination therapy for engineered bacterial therapeutics in non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Deb Dhruba , Wu Yangfan , Coker Courtney , Harimoto Tetsuhiro , Huang Ruoqi , Danino Tal 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Synthetic biology enables the engineering of bacteria to safely deliver potent payloads to tumors for effective anti-cancer therapies. However, a central challenge for translation is determining ideal bacterial therapy candidates for specific cancers and integrating them with other drug treatment strategies to maximize efficacy. To address this, we designed a screening and evaluation pipeline for characterization of bacterial therapies in lung cancer models. We screened 10 engineered bacterial toxins across 6 non-small cell lung cancer patient-derived cell lines and identified theta toxin as a promising therapeutic candidate. Using a bacteria-spheroid co-culture system (BSCC), analysis of differentially expressed transcripts and gene set enrichment revealed significant changes in at least 10 signaling pathways with bacteria-producing theta toxin. We assessed combinatorial treatment of small molecule pharmaceutical inhibitors targeting 5 signaling molecules and of 2 chemotherapy drugs along with bacterially-produced theta toxin and showed improved dose-dependent response. This combination strategy was further tested and confirmed, with AKT signaling as an example, in a mouse model of lung cancer. In summary, we developed a pipeline to rapidly characterize bacterial therapies and integrate them with current targeted therapies for lung cancer.
Impacts of soil nutrition on floral traits, pollinator attraction, and fitness in cucumbers (Cucumis sativus L.)
Authors: Vaudo Anthony D. , Erickson Emily , Patch Harland M. , Grozinger Christina M. , Mu Junpeng 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Annual plants allocate soil nutrients to floral display and pollinator rewards to ensure pollination success in a single season. Nitrogen and phosphorus are critical soil nutrients whose levels are altered by intensive land use that may affect plants’ fitness via pollinator attractiveness through floral display and rewards. We studied in cucumbers (Cucumis sativus) how changes in soil nitrogen and phosphorus influence floral traits, including nectar and pollen reward composition. We evaluated how these traits affect bumble bee (Bombus impatiens) visitation and ultimately fruit yield. While increasing nitrogen and phosphorus increased growth and floral display, excess nitrogen created an asymptotic or negative effect, which was mitigated by increasing phosphorus. Male floral traits exhibited higher plasticity in responses to changes in soil nutrients than female flowers. At 4:1 nitrogen:phosphorus ratios, male flowers presented increased nectar volume and pollen number resulting in increased bumble bee visitation. Interestingly, other pollinator rewards remained consistent across all soil treatments: male and female nectar sugar composition, female nectar volume, and pollen protein and lipid concentrations. Therefore, although cucumber pollination success was buffered in conditions of nutrient stress, highly skewed nitrogen:phosphorus soil ratios reduced plant fitness via reduced numbers of flowers and reward quantity, pollinator attraction, and ultimately yield.
PA Applicant US Citizenship Status and Likelihood of Program Matriculation
Authors: Showstark Mary , Bessette Michael , Barry Carey , Najmabadi Shahpar , Rolls Joanne , Hamilton Catherine , Valentin Virginia L. , Quella Alicia , Honda Trenton 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background: Barriers to matriculation into Physician Assistant (PA) programs and entry into the PA profession have disproportionate impact on historically marginalized groups. This study evaluates if U.S. citizenship status is associated with likelihood of matriculation in PA Programs.
Methods: Data from five Centralized Applicant Services for Physician Assistants (CASPA) admissions cycles (2012-2021) was evaluated cross-sectionally for the primary outcome of binary matriculation status (yes/no). Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression was utilized to investigate associations between self-identified U.S. citizenship status and likelihood of PA program matriculation. Models controlled for important potential confounders, including age, gender, race/ethnicity, non-native English speaker, patient care experience hours, total undergraduate grade point average (GPA), and number of applications submitted to various programs.
Results: Non-U.S. citizen status was statistically associated with persistent lower likelihood of PA program matriculation compared to U.S. citizenship. Odds of matriculation were 41% [OR 0.59 (95% CI: 0.51, 0.68; p <.001)] to 51% [OR 0.49 (95% CI: 0.41, 0.58; p <.001)] lower in unadjusted models. Odds were 32% [OR 0.68 (95% CI: 0.56, 0.83; p <.001)] to 42% OR 0.58 (95% CI: 0.48, 0.71; p <.001) lower when adjusting for important covariates. The lowest likelihood occurred in 2012-2013 with 51% lower odds of matriculation and in 2016-2017 with 42% lower odds when accounting for important covariates.
Discussion: PA programs are charged with improving diversity of clinically practicing PAs to improve health outcomes and better reflect patient populations. This analysis shows that non-U.S. citizenship may be a barrier to PA school acceptance. PA schools should raise awareness and create means and accessibility for admissions for this underrepresented group.
Dynamic nearest neighbor resources classification algorithm for multiple cloud data center based on natural clustering rule
Authors: Liang Bin , Wu Di , Wu Pengfei 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Cloud service providers need to reduce the operating costs and energy consumption of cloud data center (CDC) by optimizing scheduling algorithms, and ultimately reduce the cost of cloud users. However, the existing scheduling algorithms are less effective in dealing with the scheduling problems of multi-cloud data center (MDC). This paper systematically analyzes the MDC model and physical machine (PM) utilization. Secondly, using the idea of K-means clustering algorithm in machine learning, natural clustering rules are proposed to complete automatic clustering of PMs. Then, the supervised learning KNN classification algorithm is extended and the dynamic KNN classification rules are established accordingly. Finally, a dynamic nearest neighbor resources classification algorithm for multiple CDC based on natural clustering rule (DNSC) is proposed. Comparing the algorithm with the comparison algorithm shows that the algorithm comprehensively considers the resource parameters of the MDC and ultimately reduces the energy consumption of the MDC.
Simulating Compressor Oil Oxidative Performance Using Laboratory Oxidation Test Methodology for Development of Long Life Compressor Oil
Authors: Bolisetty M N K Prasad , Tripathi Chanakya , Mondal Sujit , Rai Kavita , Harinarain Ajay Kumar , Saxena Deepak , Ramakumar S S V 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Compressor Oils are being used for the lubrication of compressor systems. Different compressor oils are being formulated based upon their end application. In rotary screw air compressors, the lubricating oil serves as a coolant besides providing lubrication to fast moving rotors engaged in the compression of the air. During this compression process, air -oil mixture experiences temperatures exceeding 100°C causing severe high oxidative stress on the oil. This in turn may lead to filter clogging and the consequent pressure drop. Therefore, oxidation stability is an important parameter for ensuring compressor oil performance. This study details and compares the various oxidation test methods and how they simulate actual field conditions in the laboratory. In this study, the various candidate oils are subjected to various oxidative stability tests and based on the combined performance in tests and post test NMR analysis, a field validation on the compressor oils with the best oxidative performance was carried out in a compressor in a steel plant to validate these findings.
Deamidation-related blood biomarkers show promise for early diagnostics of neurodegeneration
Authors: WANG Jijing , Zhang Ya-Ru , Shen Xue-Ning , Han Jinming , Cui Mei , Tan Lan , Dong Qiang , Zubarev Roman A. , Yu Jin-Tai 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
The strongest risk factor of neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) is aging. Spontaneous asparaginyl deamidation leading to formation of isoaspartate (isoAsp) has been correlated with protein aggregation in NDDs. This study aimed at testing the role of deamidation in other neurodegenerative diseases and early stages of neurodegeneration.
Methods
Two cohorts consisting of 140 subjects were studied. Cohort 1 contained patients with AD and healthy controls, while Cohort 2 recruited subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), vascular dementia (VaD), frontotemporal dementia (FTD), Parkinson’s disease (PD) and healthy controls. The levels of isoAsp in plasma human albumin (HSA), the most abundant protein in plasma, as well as the levels of immunoglobulin G (IgG) specific against aged HSA (aHSA) were measured in two cohorts. Apart from the memory tests, plasma biomarkers for NDDs reported in literature were quantified as well, including amyloid beta (Aβ) peptides Aβ40 and Aβ42, neurofilament light chain (NfL), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and phosphorylated Tau-181 (pTau181) protein.
Results
Deamidation products of blood albumin were significantly elevated in vascular dementia and frontotemporal dementia (P < 0.05), but less so in Parkinson’s disease. Intriguingly, the deamidation levels were significantly (P < 0.01) associated with the memory test scores for all tested subjects. Deamidation biomarkers performed superiorly (accuracy up to 92%) compared with blood biomarkers Aß40, Aß42, Aß40/Aß42, NfL, GFAP and pTau181 in separating mild cognitive impairment from healthy controls.
Conclusion
We demonstrated the diagnostic capacity of deamidation-related biomarkers in predicting NDDs at the early stage of disease, and the biomarker levels significantly correlated with cognitive decline, strongly supporting the role of deamidation in triggering neurodegeneration and early stages of disease development. Prospective longitudinal studies with a longer observation period and larger cohorts should provide a more detailed picture of the deamidation role in NDD progression.
Goat Cheese: a Model for Studying the Functional Microbiota in a One-health Context
Authors: Tilocca Bruno , Soggiu Alessio , Iavarone Federica , Greco Viviana , Putignani Lorenza , Ristori Maria Vittoria , Macari Gabriele , Spina Anna Antonella , Moritttu Valeria Maria , Ceniti Carlotta , Piras Cristian , Bonizzi Luigi , Britti Domenico , Urbani Andrea , Figeys Daniel , Roncada Paola 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Goat cheese is an important element of the Mediterranean diet, appreciated for its health-promoting features and the typical gustatory essences. A pivotal role in the development of these characteristics is attributed to the hosted microbiota and its continuous remodeling over the space and time. Nevertheless, a thorough study of the cheese-associated microbiota by two meta-omics approaches is still missing. Also, the study of these model systems is important in the One Health context as they enable the development of systems for monitoring environmental micro-organisms and their biological variability. In this study we employed 16S rRNA gene sequencing and metaproteomics to explore the microbiota of a typical raw goat milk cheese at diverse ripening timepoints and depths of the cheese wheel.
Results
findings from 16S rRNA gene sequencing and metaproteomics described a stable microbiota ecology across the selected ripening timepoints, providing evidence on the microbiologically driven fermentation of the goat milk products. On the other hand, important modeling of the microbiota harbored in the surface and core of the cheese mass are highlighted both in compositional and functional terms.
Conclusion
observed outcomes portrait the rind microbiota struggling for the maintenance of the cheese biosafety through competition mechanisms and/or preventing the cheese colonization by pathobionts of animal or environmental origin. Efforts in microbial competition are also accomplished in the core microbiota, although its further focusing on other biochemical routes supports the role of this microbiota in the development of both the health beneficial effects and the pleasant gustatory nuances of the goat cheeses.
The ApoB/A-1 ratio is independently associated with subclinical arteriosclerosis and arterial stiffness in type 2 diabetes patients
Authors: Tang Meng-jie , Xu Tian-li , Shen Li-min , Sha Yi-feng , Cao Xiao-jun , Sun Ye-zi 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
The ApoB/ApoA-1 (ApoB/A1) ratio is a predictor of atherosclerotic vascular disease. In this study, we aimed to explore whether ApoB/A1 ratio is related to arteriosclerosis parameters, including subclinical atherosclerosis and arterial stiffness, in type 2 diabetic patients.
Methods
In this cross-sectional study, 256 type 2 diabetic (T2D) patients, including 152 patients with carotid atherosclerosis, were recruited. Traditional fasting lipid profiles and ApoB and ApoA-1 levels were measured. Arterial stiffness was assessed by brachial ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), and subclinical arteriosclerosis was assessed by ankle brachial index (ABI) and carotid atherosclerosis.
Results
The ApoB/A1 ratio in T2D patients with no carotid atherosclerosis was significantly higher than that in T2D patients with carotid atherosclerosis (p < 0.05). The arterial stiffness parameters baPWV and ABI were significantly lower among T2D patients with no carotid atherosclerosis (all p < 0.05). Moreover, the baPWV and ABI were significantly decreased across the ApoB/A1 ratioquartiles (all p for trend < 0.05). Additionally, baPWV and ABI were both inversely related to ApoB/A1 ratio (r = –0.223 and –0.224, respectively, p < 0.001). Using univariate logistic regression analyses, ApoB/A1 ratio, sex, age, duration, baPWV, HbA1c, and statin use were found to be independent contributors to carotid atherosclerosis, and the corresponding odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) were 0.242 (0.090–0.646), 0.326 (0.178–0.599), 2.730 (1.619–4.603), 6.833 (3.024–15.44), 1.204 (1.103-1.314), 0.842 (0.745-0.953),and 2.704 (1.228, 5.954), respectively. After adjusting for clinical covariates by multiple logistic regression analyses, the corresponding odds ratio (OR) for the ApoB/A1 ratio of carotid atherosclerosis was 0.216 (0.062-0.759).
Conclusions
The ApoB/A1 ratio was independently and inversely associated with baPWV and ABI and independently contributed to carotid atherosclerosis.
Abnormal pulmonary hemodynamics during exercise is associated with exercise capacity in COPD
Authors: Sassmann Teresa , Douschan Philipp , Foris Vasile , Tröster Natascha , Zeder Katarina , Brcic Luka , Tornyos Adrienn , Bachmaier Gerhard , Fuchsjäger Michael , Olschewski Horst , Kovacs Gabor 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a frequent complication in COPD and it is associated with decreased exercise capacity and poor prognosis. We hypothesized that even in COPD patients without significant PH at rest, abnormal pulmonary hemodynamics during exercise affect exercise capacity.
Methods
Consecutive COPD patients with clinically indicated right heart catheterization and resting mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP) < 25mmHg and age- and sex-matched controls without chronic lung disease who underwent clinical work-up including invasive hemodynamic assessment during exercise were retrospectively analyzed. Chi-square tests were used to evaluate differences between groups for categorical data and Fisher’s exact test or Mann-Whitney-U-tests for continuous variables. Associations were analyzed with Spearman rank correlation tests.
Results
We included n=26 COPD patients (female/male: 16/10, 66±11yr, FEV1: 56±25 %predicted) and n=26 matched controls (FEV1: 96±22 %predicted). At rest, COPD patients presented with slightly increased mPAP (21 (18-23) vs. 17 (14-20) mmHg, p=0.022), and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) (2.5 (1.9-3.0) vs. 1.9 (1.5-2.4) WU, p=0.020) as compared to controls. During exercise, COPD patients reached significantly higher mPAP (47 (40-52) vs. 38 (32-44) mmHg, p=0.015) and PVR (3.1 (2.2-3.7) vs. 1.7 (1.1-2.9) WU, p=0.028) values despite lower peak exercise level (50 (50-75) vs. 100 (75-125) Watt, p=0.002). The mPAP/cardiac output slope was increased in COPD vs. controls (6.9 (5.5-10.9) vs. 3.7 (2.4-7.4) mmHg/L/min, p=0.007) and negatively correlated with both peak oxygen uptake (r=-0.46, p=0.007) and 6-minute walk distance (r=-0.46, p=0.001).
Conclusion
Even in the absence of significant PH at rest, COPD patients reveal characteristic abnormalities in pulmonary hemodynamics during exercise, which may represent an important exercise-limiting factor.
Taming the Animal Spirits: Predicting Psychologically Based Stock Price Movements
Authors: East Robert , Wright Malcolm 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This paper is concerned with the psychological and social factors that may be used in the prediction of stock prices using artificial intelligence (AI). Examples of price movements that appear to be affected by such factors are drawn from market behavior during the Covid-19 pandemic. A review of the main effects attributable to psychological mechanisms follows: the disposition effect, momentum, and the response to information. These effects are explained by reference to regression to the mean, negativity bias, the availability mechanism, and information diffusion. Drawing on the consumer behaviour literature, we identify factors that are likely to indicate psychologically based price effects and suggest two new measures: changes in the proportion of new investors and the volume of publicity/word of mouth in relation to a firm’s capitalization.