bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Body-Ordered Approximations of Atomic Properties
Authors: Thomas Jack , Chen Huajie , Ortner Christoph 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe show that the local density of states (LDOS) of a wide class of tight-binding models has a weak body-order expansion. Specifically, we prove that the resulting body-order expansion for analytic observables such as the electron density or the energy has an exponential rate of convergence both at finite Fermi-temperature as well as for insulators at zero Fermi-temperature. We discuss potential consequences of this observation for modelling the potential energy landscape, as well as for solving the electronic structure problem.
Percutaneous autologous bone marrow concentrate for knee osteoarthritis: patient-reported outcomes and progenitor cell content
Authors: Centeno Christopher J. , Berger Dustin R. , Money Brandon T. , Dodson Ehren , Urbanek Christopher W. , Steinmetz Neven J. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a common, progressively debilitating joint disease, and the intra-articular injection of autologous bone marrow concentrate (BMC) may offer a minimally invasive method of harnessing the body’s own connective tissue progenitor cells to counteract accompanying degenerative effects of the disease. However, the extent to which the progenitor cell content of BMC influences treatment outcomes is unclear. We sought to determine whether patient-reported outcome measures associated with BMC treatment for knee OA are related to the concentration of progenitor cells provided.

Methods
In the present study, 65 patients (72 knees) underwent treatment for knee OA with autologous BMC and self-reported their outcomes for up to one year using follow-up questionnaires tracking function, pain, and percent improvement. A small fraction of each patient’s BMC sample was reserved for quantification with a haematological analyzer and cryopreserved for subsequent analysis of potential connective tissue progenitor cells using a colony-forming unit fibroblast (CFU-F) assay.

Results
Patients reported significant increases in function and overall percent improvement in addition to decreases in pain relative to baseline levels following treatment with autologous BMC that persisted through 12 months. Patients reporting improved outcomes (46 of 72 knees) received BMC injections having higher CFU-F concentrations than non-responding patients (21.1×103 ± 12.4×103 vs 14.3×103 ± 7.0 x103 CFU-F per mL). A progenitor cell concentration of 18×103 CFU-F per mL of BMC was found to best differentiate responders from non-responders.

Conclusion
This study provides supportive evidence for using autologous BMC in the minimally invasive treatment of knee OA and suggests that increased progenitor cell content leads to improved treatment outcomes.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03011398, 1/7/17
Legal obligation in the general population: face mask influence on endophthalmitis after intravitreal injection
Authors: Neubauer Jonas , Gklavas Konstantinos , Kortüm Friederike , Gosheva Mariya , Bartz-Schmidt Karl Ulrich , Ziemssen Focke 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To investigate whether compulsory face masking in public life changes the incidence or pattern of post-injection endophthalmitis (PIE).

Patients and methods
All injections of bevacizumab, ranibizumab, aflibercept, dexamethasone or triamcinolone between 01/01/2015 and 12/31/2021 at the University Eye Clinic of Tuebingen were included in this retrospective analysis. The injection procedure itself was unchanged since 2015 and included the use of a sterile drape covering the head up to the shoulders which prevents airflow toward the eye. Furthermore, all staff wore a face mask and gloves at all times. The two study periods were defined by the introduction of a compulsory face masking rule in public life (01/01/2015 until 04/27/2020 vs. 04/28/2020 until 12/31/2021).

Results
A total of 83,543 injections were performed in the tertiary eye clinic, associated with a total of 20 PIE (0.024%, 1/4177 injections). Of these, thirteen PIE were documented during the pre-pandemic period (0.021%, 1/4773 injections) and seven PIE during the pandemic period (0.033%, 1/3071 injections). No significant difference in PIE risk was observed (p = 0.49), and there was no case of oral flora associated PIE.

Conclusion
Although some potential confounders (wearing time, skin flora) could not be considered, there was no clear signal that the introduction of compulsory face masking in public life did alter the risk for PIE in our patient population. Three and six months after PIE, no difference in visual acuity was detectable between the two study periods.
Origin of thyrotropin-releasing hormone neurons that innervate the tuberomammillary nuclei
Authors: Sánchez-Jaramillo Edith , Wittmann Gábor , Menyhért Judit , Singru Praful , Gómez-González Gabriela B. , Sánchez-Islas Eduardo , Yáñez-Recendis Nashiely , Pimentel-Cabrera Jaime Arturo , León-Olea Martha , Gereben Balázs , Fekete Csaba , Charli Jean-Louis , Lechan Ronald M. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractHypophysiotropic thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) neurons function as metabolic sensors that regulate the thyroid axis and energy homeostasis. Less is known about the role of other hypothalamic TRH neurons. As central administration of TRH decreases food intake and increases histamine in the tuberomammillary nuclei (TMN), and TMN histamine neurons are densely innervated by TRH fibers from an unknown origin, we mapped the location of TRH neurons that project to the TMN. The retrograde tracer, cholera toxin B subunit (CTB), was injected into the TMN E1–E2, E4–E5 subdivisions of adult Sprague–Dawley male rats. TMN projecting neurons were observed in the septum, preoptic area, bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST), perifornical area, anterior paraventricular nucleus, peduncular and tuberal lateral hypothalamus (TuLH), suprachiasmatic nucleus and medial amygdala. However, CTB/pro-TRH178-199 double-labeled cells were only found in the TuLH. The specificity of the retrograde tract-tracing result was confirmed by administering the anterograde tracer, Phaseolus vulgaris leuco-agglutinin (PHAL) into the TuLH. Double-labeled PHAL-pro-TRH boutons were identified in all subdivisions of the TMN. TMN neurons double-labeled for histidine decarboxylase (Hdc)/PHAL, Hdc/Trh receptor (Trhr), and Hdc/Trh. Further confirmation of a TuLH-TRH neuronal projection to the TMN was established in a transgenic mouse that expresses Cre recombinase in TRH-producing cells following microinjection of a Cre recombinase-dependent AAV that expresses mCherry into the TuLH. We conclude that, in rodents, the TRH innervation of TMN originates in part from TRH neurons in the TuLH, and that this TRH population may contribute to regulate energy homeostasis through histamine Trhr-positive neurons of the TMN.
How can counselling by family physicians on nutrition and physical activity be improved: trends from a survey in Germany
Authors: Boesenecker S. J. , Mathies V. , Buentzel J. , Huebner J. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Cancer and its therapy causes severe symptoms, most of which are amendable to nutrition and physical activity (PA). Counselling on nutrition and PA empowers patients to take part more actively in their treatment. Many cancer patients are yet in need of information on these topics. In this study, we investigate the perception of family physicians (FP) on nutrition and PA in cancer patient care and assess barriers and steps to improve their involvement in counselling on these topics.

Methods
Based on qualitative content analysis of 5 semi-structured interviews with FP, a questionnaire was developed and completed by 61 German FP.

Results
Most of the FP acknowledged the importance of nutrition and PA during (91.4%) and after (100%) cancer therapy. While many participants were involved in cancer patient care, 65.6% of FP viewed themselves as primary reference person to address these topics. However, a third (32.8%) of FP were unfamiliar with information thereof. Some were unsatisfied regarding timely updates on their patient’s treatment course via discharge letters (25.0%) or phone calls (36.2%). FP would like to dedicate more consultation time addressing nutrition and PA than they currently do (p < 0.001).

Conclusion
Communication btween healthcare practitioners about mutual cancer patient’s treatment must be improved, e.g. utilising electronic communication to quicken correspondence. Acquisition of information on nutrition and PA in cancer patient care needs to be facilitated for FP, approachable by compiling reliable information and their sources. Involvement of FP in structured treatment programs could benefit cancer patient care.

Trial registration number
(May 7, 2021): 2021–2149-Bef.
The Brittle–Ductile Transition and the Formation of Compaction Bands in the Savonnières Limestone: Impact of the Stress and Pore Fluid
Authors: Sari Mustafa , Sarout Joel , Poulet Thomas , Dautriat Jeremie , Veveakis Manolis 
Published: August 2022

AbstractCarbonate sediments play a prominent role on the global geological stage as they store more than $$60\%$$

60
%

of world’s oil and $$40\%$$

40
%

of world’s gas reserves. Prediction of the deformation and failure of porous carbonates is, therefore, essential to minimise reservoir compaction, fault reactivation, or wellbore instability. This relies on our understanding of the mechanisms underlying the observed inelastic response to fluid injection or deviatoric stress perturbations. Understanding the impact of deformation/failure on the hydraulic properties of the rock is also essential as injection/production rates will be affected. In this work, we present new experimental results from triaxial deformation experiments carried out to elucidate the behaviour of a porous limestone reservoir analogue (Savonnières limestone). Drained triaxial and isotropic compression tests were conducted at five different confining pressures in dry and water-saturated conditions. Stress–strain data and X-ray tomography images of the rock indicate two distinct types of deformation and failure regimes: at low confinement (10 MPa) brittle failure in the form of dilatant shear banding was dominant; whereas at higher confinement compaction bands orthogonal to the maximum principal stress formed. In addition to the pore pressure effect, the presence of water in the pore space significantly weakened the rock, thereby shrinking the yield envelope compared to the dry conditions, and shifted the brittle–ductile transition to lower effective confining pressures (from 35 MPa to 29 MPa). Finally, permeability measurements during deformation show a reduction of an order of magnitude in the ductile regime due to the formation of the compaction bands. These results highlight the importance of considering the role of the saturating fluid in the brittle–ductile response of porous rocks and elucidate some of the microstructural processes taking place during this transition.
Fast-SEC coupled to ICP-MS for selected metal determination and its stability over time in polish wine
Authors: Fabjanowicz Magdalena , Płotka-Wasylka Justyna 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMetal ions contribute to the wine browning (as reaction catalysts), turbidity (in complexes), and astringency (due to interaction with tannins). Being aware that bioavailability and metabolism of metal ions in the human body are strictly related with their concentration and the form they occur it is important to monitor not only the total content of metals but also their speciation. Thus, we can obtain more information about their potential toxicity to human health. Present research shows the application of fast size exclusion chromatography (Fast-SEC) coupled to ICP-MS for the evaluation of the distribution of elements in different sized complexes in Polish wine. The study was focused on the selected ten elements (Al, B, Ba, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sr, Zn). Additional information of this work was the evaluation of the metal complex stability over time. Based on the obtained results, it can be seen that metal complexes present in the studied wine samples are stable even 10 months after the wine bottle opening.
Graphical abstract
Survival trends in gastric cancer patients between 1987 and 2016: a population-based cohort study in Finland
Authors: Maharjan Urgena , Kauppila Joonas H. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Gastric cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally. There is a paucity of national studies examining gastric cancer mortality in relation to treatment status. This study evaluated the survival trends in gastric adenocarcinoma and all gastric cancers stratified by treatment in Finland during 1987–2016.

Methods
This population-based, nationwide, retrospective cohort study included all gastric cancer patients registered in the Finnish Cancer Registry and Patient Registry. The survival rates were calculated for 1, 3, and 5 years, stratified by treatment. Prognostic factors were determined using Cox regression.

Results
A total of 18,713 non-cardia gastric adenocarcinoma, and 3617 cardia adenocarcinoma patients were included. Surgical treatment decreased for non-cardia adenocarcinoma and remained constant for cardia adenocarcinoma. In non-cardia adenocarcinoma, the 5-year survival declined from 17% to 16% from 1987–1991 to 2012–2016. In surgically treated patients, survival increased from 29% to 38%, while an increase from 4% to 7% in those undergoing chemotherapy and decrease from 6% to 3% in those not receiving any treatment were observed. In cardia adenocarcinoma, the 5-year survival increased from 10% to 18% in all patients, 16% to 40% in surgical patients, 0% to 5% in patients receiving chemotherapy, and from 5% to 9% in patients receiving no treatment. Earlier calendar periods, older age, male sex, and higher comorbidity were risk factors for poor prognosis.

Conclusions
Gastric non-cardia adenocarcinoma survival declined, limited to advanced stage patients not receiving any treatment. Gastric cardia cancer survival seems to have improved over time in Finland.

Mini abstract
This study evaluated survival trends of gastric cancer in Finland during 1987–2016 and established that the 5-year survival is declining in non-cardia adenocarcinoma but improving in all gastric cancers.
Excess Savings Are Recession-Specific and Compensatory: Evidence From the US
Authors: Voinea Liviu , Loungani Prakash 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThere is a consensus among academics and policymakers that the excess savings built up by households during the past couple of years are specific to the pandemic. Based on data from the past half century for the US, this article shows that savings generally increase during recessions; the pandemic is different only by the magnitude of these savings, but not by their sign. Moreover, it suggests that these excess savings are rather compensatory than precautionary, as households save more to rebuild their lost wealth.
Fragility analysis of structural pounding between adjacent structures arranged in series with various alignment configurations under near-field earthquakes
Authors: Ebrahimiyan Fahimeh , Hadianfard Mohammad Ali , Naderpour Hosein , Jankowski Robert 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA major cause of local to total damages is related to structural pounding in a large number of past earthquakes. In general, these collisions take place as a result of differences in the dynamic characteristics of the colliding structures. To acquire a better perception of the behavior of structures, in this paper, three structures featuring different heights are modeled in series and with various configurations next to each other in OpenSees. To determine the collision effects of the structures, three different configurations of 4-, 8- and 12-story adjacent reinforced concrete special moment resisting frames were considered. Then, by conducting an incremental dynamic analysis, their structural seismic limit state capacities were assessed via 20 near-field record subsets recommended by FEMA-P695. At last, for the above adjacent buildings with various separation distances and configurations, the fragility curves were determined, and the probability of exceedance from the primary Hazus-MH failure criteria was estimated. In addition, the results were compared with those obtained when this phenomenon did not take place for buildings to have a better perception of the pounding phenomenon. The results of the analyses show that arranging adjacent structures in series greatly affects the collapse capacities of the colliding structures. In addition, in the case when the shorter structure is placed in the middle of two taller structures, it results in the most critical situation among all configurations, and in this case, a higher reduction is observed in the structural performance levels.
Fetal Brain Damage in Human Fetuses with Congenital Cytomegalovirus Infection: Histological Features and Viral Tropism
Authors: Piccirilli Giulia , Gabrielli Liliana , Bonasoni Maria Paola , Chiereghin Angela , Turello Gabriele , Borgatti Eva Caterina , Simonazzi Giuliana , Felici Silvia , Leone Marta , Salfi Nunzio Cosimo Mario , Santini Donatella , Lazzarotto Tiziana 
Published: August 2022

AbstractHuman cytomegalovirus (HCMV) causes congenital neurological lifelong disabilities. To date, the neuropathogenesis of brain injury related to congenital HCMV (cCMV) infection is poorly understood. This study evaluates the characteristics and pathogenetic mechanisms of encephalic damage in cCMV infection. Ten HCMV-infected human fetuses at 21 weeks of gestation were examined. Specifically, tissues from different brain areas were analyzed by: (i) immunohistochemistry (IHC) to detect HCMV-infected cell distribution, (ii) hematoxylin–eosin staining to evaluate histological damage and (iii) real-time PCR to quantify tissue viral load (HCMV-DNA). The differentiation stage of HCMV-infected neural/neuronal cells was assessed by double IHC to detect simultaneously HCMV-antigens and neural/neuronal markers: nestin (a marker of neural stem/progenitor cells), doublecortin (DCX, marker of cells committed to the neuronal lineage) and neuronal nuclei (NeuN, identifying mature neurons). HCMV-positive cells and viral DNA were found in the brain of 8/10 (80%) fetuses. For these cases, brain damage was classified as mild (n = 4, 50%), moderate (n = 3, 37.5%) and severe (n = 1, 12.5%) based on presence and frequency of pathological findings (necrosis, microglial nodules, microglial activation, astrocytosis, and vascular changes). The highest median HCMV-DNA level was found in the hippocampus (212 copies/5 ng of human DNA [hDNA], range: 10–7,505) as well as the highest mean HCMV-infected cell value (2.9 cells, range: 0–23), followed by that detected in subventricular zone (1.7 cells, range: 0–19). These findings suggested a preferential viral tropism for both neural stem/progenitor cells and neuronal committed cells, residing in these regions, confirmed by the expression of DCX and nestin in 94% and 63.3% of HCMV-positive cells, respectively. NeuN was not found among HCMV-positive cells and was nearly absent in the brain with severe damage, suggesting HCMV does not infect mature neurons and immature neural/neuronal cells do not differentiate into neurons. This could lead to known structural and functional brain defects from cCMV infection.
Graphical Abstract
Styler: learning formatting conventions to repair Checkstyle violations
Authors: Loriot Benjamin , Madeiral Fernanda , Monperrus Martin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractEnsuring the consistent usage of formatting conventions is an important aspect of modern software quality assurance. To do so, the source code of a project should be checked against the formatting conventions (or rules) adopted by its development team, and then the detected violations should be repaired if any. While the former task can be automatically done by format checkers implemented in linters, there is no satisfactory solution for the latter. Manually fixing formatting convention violations is a waste of developer time and code formatters do not take into account the conventions adopted and configured by developers for the used linter. In this paper, we present Styler, a tool dedicated to fixing formatting rule violations raised by format checkers using a machine learning approach. For a given project, Styler first generates training data by injecting violations of the project-specific rules in violation-free source code files. Then, it learns fixes by feeding long short-term memory neural networks with the training data encoded into token sequences. Finally, it predicts fixes for real formatting violations with the trained models. Currently, Styler supports a single checker, Checkstyle, which is a highly configurable and popular format checker for Java. In an empirical evaluation, Styler repaired 41% of 26,791 Checkstyle violations mined from 104 GitHub projects. Moreover, we compared Styler with the IntelliJ plugin CheckStyle-IDEA and the machine-learning-based code formatters Naturalize and CodeBuff. We found out that Styler fixes violations of a diverse set of Checkstyle rules (24/25 rules), generates smaller repairs in comparison to the other systems, and predicts repairs in seconds once trained on a project. Through a manual analysis, we identified cases in which Styler does not succeed to generate correct repairs, which can guide further improvements in Styler. Finally, the results suggest that Styler can be useful to help developers repair Checkstyle formatting violations.
Optimal priority assignment for real-time systems: a coevolution-based approach
Authors: Lee Jaekwon , Shin Seung Yeob , Nejati Shiva , Briand Lionel C. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn real-time systems, priorities assigned to real-time tasks determine the order of task executions, by relying on an underlying task scheduling policy. Assigning optimal priority values to tasks is critical to allow the tasks to complete their executions while maximizing safety margins from their specified deadlines. This enables real-time systems to tolerate unexpected overheads in task executions and still meet their deadlines. In practice, priority assignments result from an interactive process between the development and testing teams. In this article, we propose an automated method that aims to identify the best possible priority assignments in real-time systems, accounting for multiple objectives regarding safety margins and engineering constraints. Our approach is based on a multi-objective, competitive coevolutionary algorithm mimicking the interactive priority assignment process between the development and testing teams. We evaluate our approach by applying it to six industrial systems from different domains and several synthetic systems. The results indicate that our approach significantly outperforms both our baselines, i.e., random search and sequential search, and solutions defined by practitioners. Our approach scales to complex industrial systems as an offline analysis method that attempts to find near-optimal solutions within acceptable time, i.e., less than 16 hours.
The Importance of Understanding Deep Learning
Authors: Räz Tim , Beisbart Claus 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSome machine learning models, in particular deep neural networks (DNNs), are not very well understood; nevertheless, they are frequently used in science. Does this lack of understanding pose a problem for using DNNs to understand empirical phenomena? Emily Sullivan has recently argued that understanding with DNNs is not limited by our lack of understanding of DNNs themselves. In the present paper, we will argue, contra Sullivan, that our current lack of understanding of DNNs does limit our ability to understand with DNNs. Sullivan’s claim hinges on which notion of understanding is at play. If we employ a weak notion of understanding, then her claim is tenable, but rather weak. If, however, we employ a strong notion of understanding, particularly explanatory understanding, then her claim is not tenable.