bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Numerical modelling and optimization of packed-bed thermal-energy storage system
Authors: Hanmant Rao L , Dirbude Sumer 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In this work, numerical modelling (including convection and radiation heat transfer) of Packed-bed storage systems (PBSS) is carried out and the effect of various system parameters affecting the efficiency and temperature is studied. One dimensional forms of the time-dependent, coupled partial differential equations for energy conservation of the heat transfer fluid (HTF) and the packing materials are solved using the finite difference method to design a PBSS for a given mass flow rate for 0.125 MWh (0.45 GJ). The packed-bed material is assumed to be spherical with an average diameter, and the mass flow rate, void fraction, packed bed material diameter, heat transfer fluid (HTF), and the packed-bed materials are varied for optimal efficiency during charging (i.e. when the temperature of HTF is greater than that of the packed bed). The results are compared with the analytical solutions for validation. Present solutions (considering only convection) are found to be matching reasonably well with the analytical data. With the validated model, the radiation heat transfer effect on the packed-bed is modelled (along with the convection) and void fraction, mass flow rate of HTF, a diameter of the packed-bed material, different HTF, various packed-bed materials are compared for maximum efficiency. From the present work, a PBSS design with void fraction =0.45, mass flow rate =1.8 kg/s, the average diameter of the packed-bed material = 0.02 m, water as HTF, and brick as packed-bed material is found to give the maximum efficiency along the length of the packed-bed.
Influence of convective air-cooling on hydrostatic stress induced atomic migration characteristics of a thin Cu-line with Cu-Sn IMC under a DC field
Authors: Hossain Sajjad , Reaz Ahmed S 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The present paper addresses the influential effect of convective air cooling on the stress-migration induced atomic flux divergence in a copper interconnect/line with copper-tin intermetallic compound under a DC field of high current density. Three identical thin copper lines, namely, a pure Cu line, a copper line with Cu-Sn intermetallic and a line with lead-free solder-joint are considered as the basis for conducting the present investigation of current-induced atomic migration. The associated two-dimensional fields of electric potential, temperature, thermal stress as well as atomic distributions are obtained by solving the relevant coupled multi-physics problems using computer-based numerical schemes. Finally, the stressmigration induced atomic-flux divergence characteristics of three Cu lines are compared with those of electromigration as a function of cooling air velocity under natural and forced convection to quantify the relative contribution of stress migration in the perspective of overall atomic diffusion.
AN INVESTIGATION OF SURFACE ROUGHNESS ON AISI 1045 STEEL USING DEFORM 3-D AND ITS COMPARISION WITH THE EXPERIMENT
Authors: Vishwakarma Premnarayan , Sharma Ajay , Kannojiya Ravindra , Ratna Sanatan , Udaiyakumar K.C. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractConventional processes such as turning, and milling are often accompanied by defects such as tool marks and scratches on the final machined surface. This leads to tool wear and loss of energy which is quite undesired. This leads to poor product quality and a lowered tool life. Further, processes like honing and lapping can be used to improve the surface finish but the major drawback is the dependence on the skill of the workers involved. To overcome these issues, the burnishing operation is used for an adequate surface finish on the machined surface. The process is not only simple in operation but also chip less. In the current research work, turning operation is carried out on the ferrous material using an insert tipped tool in a CNC lathe machine. The operations are carried out at different machining parameters like speed, feed and depth of cut etc. Roughness patterns at various machining conditions are obtained and analysis was done to get the adequate machining parameters. The metal cutting process is analyzed with the FEM model for 3D simulation of the operation undertaken with a solid SPCT (single point cutting tool). This tool is modelled with CATIAV5, and exported STL files and imported in DEFORM 3D.
Evaluation of PCB materials for high frequency power applications using MOORA method
Authors: Ratna Sanatan , Narayan Vishwakarma Prem , Ojha Manish , Kannojiya Ravindra , Shubham Pritish , Sharma Shubham 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
One of the first and foremost steps in design is the material selection. The selection of the best available material is quite important for the product as it influence the final quality and performance of the product. The materials used generally for printed circuit board (PCB) similarly requires shortlisting based on several factors which affect the durability and the functionality of the PCB assembly. Selecting the correct PCB material requires a knowledge of the available materials and their physical characteristics and how they align with the required functionality of the board. In the current research work, four factors namely, thermal conductivity, dissipation factor, moisture absorption and dielectric constant are used to evaluate nine PCB materials under consideration for high frequency applications. The evaluation of the nine PCB materials under consideration based on the four factors listed above is done using MOORA method (Multi-objective optimization on the basis of ratio analysis). The analytical tool used here makes a comprehensive list of PCB materials while considering the multi-conflicting material selection attributes. The assessment value of the alternatives with respect to all the criteria is calculated and compared for all the nine materials chosen. The final ranking is done, based on the assessment values of the nine alternatives for high frequency applications. The alternative with the highest assessment value is ranked one and is the most obvious choice while the one with the least assessment value is the least preferred material and is to be avoided.
Thermo-hydraulic analysis of a solar cogeneration air-heater
Authors: Mor Swati , Kumar Niraj , Sikarwar B S , Sachdeva Gulshan 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The requirement of energy becomes utmost essential for sustainability of modern societies and for future growth of economy and industries. The ever-increased demand of energy has put tremendous pressure on conventional energy resources which are already been stretched to its limit. The renewable energy resources especially solar energy being a viable and sustainable source of energy has acclaimed a wide attention as prominent substitute to conventional energy sources. Among these, the utility of solar air heater is yet to be explored fully. SAH has a number of applications namely drying of aquatic products, drying of crops, room heating and other industrial applications. However, the drawbacks of SAH are weather and time dependency, need of large heat transfer area and a large volume flow of air due to depressing heat transfer coefficient of air. To mitigate the aforementioned problems, a double-glazed double-pass SAH system is proposed and tested theoretically. The focus of the recommended system is to minimize the factors which reduce the performance of the conventional SAH. A comparative study is done between the double-glazed DPSAH system with and without roughness.
Augmentation of Heat Transfer and Fluidity Characteristics of Rectangular Solar Air Collector Using Discrete Roughness elements on the Absorber Plate: An Experimental Analysis
Authors: Agrawal Y , Ahmed Syed F , Mahate V , Bhagoria J L 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The use of discrete rib elements in an SAC augmented value of transfer of heat and correspondingly enhanced THP. The usage of SAC with discrete artificial rib element underside of absorber plate for heat transfer enhancement and fluidity features was done in the current article. The range of parameters p/e = 6.67, e/Dh = 0.027, α = 30°, 45°, 60°, 75°, Re of 3000-14000, W/H of 8 have been used during the experimental tests. The outcome of fixed and variable range of values on the Nusselt Number , Nu and pumping factor values f are correlated with the result of smooth absorber plate under identical criteria. The Nu and f improved by 2.68 and 1.84 times, respectively, compared to the smooth channel.
Thermal Management Analysis of a Lithium-Ion Battery Cell using different coolant
Authors: Kumar Bhagat Vishal , Dr. kumar Parmanand , Dr. Paswan Manikant 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Among all battery power alternatives for electric vehicle, lithium-ion battery is the leading candidate. High power density, long cycle life, no memory effect and low auto discharge features are important factors which make it superior. Thermal issues are especially related to Li-ion batteries that can degrade battery performance. Therefore, selecting an appropriate cooling technique for a li-ion battery pack is needed for the commercialization of electric drive vehicles (EDVs). Fostering an ideal cooling control procedure to keep the temperature at an ideal scope of 20°C to 40°C is crucial for extending wellbeing, expanding the pack the board life, and decreasing costs. In this paper, we consider three different types of cell cooling strategy: air cooling, water cooling, nanofluid cooling. Results have revealed that the temperature distributions inside the battery pack can be significantly affected by the coolant type. As compared to air, liquid coolant affects cooling 10-15 times faster. Mass flow rate controls the cell wall temperature of cell in high heat generation.
CFD Analysis of Battery Thermal Management System
Authors: Bamrah Parush , Kumar Chauhan Manish , Singh Sikarwar Basant 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The transition to electric mobility, owing to their proposition as a solution to the environmental qualms of rising levels of pollution due to the utilization of conventional sources of energy (fossil fuels), has directed the attention of researchers to the main energy storage system of the electric vehicles that is batteries. Due to their efficient peak and average power delivery, batteries are the preferred choice for energy storage. With Lithium-ion chemistry proving to be an efficient battery technology in terms of energy density, specific power, safety, durability, and reduced emissions; the requirements for their optimum operation include a temperature range of 15°C-35°C and a uniform temperature profile, which in turn affects the vehicle performance are a cause of concern. This underscores the importance of a design of an effective battery thermal management system (BTMS). A BTMS is tasked with the maintain a fixed range of temperature throughout the battery operation, thus enhancing its life and efficiency. A variety of BTMS designs have been presented based on different types of medium, power consumption and thermal cycle. The objective of this work is to analyse the different BTMSs for different arrangements of cells in a battery module using CFD and utilize the results of the analysis to propose the optimum, cost-effective, and low maintenance BTMS for enhanced performance of the battery module. The CFD analysis is performed the assessment of the airflow using ANSYS Fluent in the BTMS. The analysis of the air flow through the battery module can give a better insight on changing the packing arrangement of cells and positioning of active or passive thermal management systems.
Design and Implementation of TDI CCD Imaging Circuits in Space Applications
Authors: Sun Zhenya , Li Zhe , Li Wei , Wang Xiaopeng , Gao Zhiliang , Zhao Yue , Liu Yanfeng , Zhang Hang , Liu Dongbin 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Imaging circuits of converting light signals to electrical signals is designed for different remote sensing satellites with different sensors in space applications. Based on a TDI CCD sensor, this paper presents the detailed design and implementation of imaging circuits which is more suitable for use on commercial satellites. This paper utilizes industrial-grade electronics to achieve imaging circuits, which becomes effective solutions to reduce the costs of remote sensing satellites. The signal processors receive analog output signals of TDI CCD to convert digital signals. The core processor, FPGA, receives and processes digital signals them from the signal processors and delivers to transceivers. The transceivers receive the image data from FPGA and deliver them to the host computer. Moreover, a schematic of the completed board of TDI CCD imaging circuits is presented. Finally, to verify the performance of the imaging circuit, the HCTF of TDI CCD was measured on this CCD imaging circuit.
The measured result is consistent with the product manual, which shows that the imaging circuits perform well.
Finite element analysis and optimization of workover derrick based on ANSYS Workbench
Authors: Wang Jinlong , Zhang Junliang , Zhang Xiaqi 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Based on the actual workover operating conditions, this paper designs a workover operating machine for lifting and running tubing at the wellhead, and use SolidWorks to draw a three-dimensional model of the workover rig, through ANSYS Workbench, the main component of the workover rig is analyzed for the force under load. According to the results of static analysis and modal analysis, it is concluded that the main stress parts of the workover derrick are on the two uprights where the robot arm is installed, and the upper part of the workover derrick is most prone to resonance, after multi-objective optimization of the workover derrick, the deformation and the maximum stress of the workover derrick have been reduced by 9.5% and 9.8%, respectively. This research content provides a reference for the design of workover rigs in the future.
An asynchronous consistency algorithm in smart manufacturing cloud data centers
Authors: Lu Yang , Zheng Yan , Jing Weipeng , Xu Changlin , Li Yan 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In the smart manufacturing factory, the fresh real-time datas and multiple replications are important for numerically-controlled machine tools. The production datas are stored in distributed cloud data centers (CDCs), so the communication latencies produced by data synchronization may impair the machining performance. In this paper, an asynchronous consistency algorithm (ACA) which is inspired by the nearest infection is proposed to reduce the communication latencies between nodes. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can support lower client-side latencies and increase data stability, thereby improving the production efficiency.
Research on the application potential of lattice materials based on the cell configuration
Authors: Zhao Cun , Zhang Meng , Li Guoxi , wang Dong 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Lattice materials are recognized as the most potential functional material, with remarkable periodic and modular characteristics. The 3D models and mechanical models of ECC, BCC, GBCC and BCCxy cells are established. The mechanical properties of different cell configurations under static and dynamic loads are studied by finite element simulation. The results show that the straight-rod dominant cells such as the ECC and GBCC cells have higher equivalent stiffness, and the lattice material composed of that will be provided with better bearing performance. The inclined-rod dominant cells such as the BCC and BCCxy cells have greater strain energy, and the lattice material composed of that will be provided with better buffer and energy absorption. By studying the mechanical properties of different cells, it provides a reference for cells selection and optimization of lattice materials to meet different engineering application requirements.
Effect Of Sintering Process On Micro-structure And Properties Of Mullite Porous Ceramics Containing magnesium oxide
Authors: Wang Yuxi , Zhu Shaofeng , Zhou Xianzhi , Zhang Tong 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Mullite porous ceramics with high porosity and good mechanical properties were prepared by foaming method combined with gel casting process using kaolin and alumina as main raw materials and sodium polyoxyethylene ether sulfate as foaming agent. The effects of sintering process and magnesium oxide content on the microstructure and properties of mullite porous ceramics were investigated. The studies show that: With the addition of magnesium oxide, the amount of mullite produced and the compactness of the sample will increase. At this time, the microscopic morphology of mullite is needle-like and prismatic, and the mechanical properties are better. and the pore size distribution gradually tends to be between 0.1-0.2mm and 0.2-0.3mm. The addition of magnesium oxide, The amount of mullite phase increased, the densification degree of the sample increased, and the acicular and prismatic mullite phases with good mechanical properties were mainly formed, and the porosity of mullite porous ceramics decreased and the compressive strength increased. The pore size distribution gradually tends to be between 0.1-0.2mm and 0.2-0.3mm. As the sintering temperature increases, the porosity of mullite porous ceramics decreases and the compressive strength increases. With the extension of the holding time, the amount of mullite phase generated increases, the porosity remains basically unchanged, and the compressive strength increases.
Study on the Temperature to the Uniaxial Creep Property of the New Similar Soft Rock
Authors: Fan Xiyan , Jiang Wenling , Mei Ning 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
In this paper, the standard specimen is made of the new similar soft rock, whose cementing agent is paraffin. The standard specimen are experimental research of creep properties under six temperature ranging from 10°C to 60°C, which can obtain that the raising temperature has a huge impact on creep property law of the similar soft rock. The creep curve of soft rock only shows decay and constant creep law within 2h under 10°C and at 2.5MPa. However under 60°C and at low 0.25MPa, the creep law shows acceleration within 2h and the slope of the stress-strain curve is increasing. While the average creep modulus is decreasing and the capacity of resist deformation. COMSOL is used to numerically calculate the creep characteristics of similar roadway. The maximum elastic strain energy density and the maximum equivalent creep rate of roadway increase with the increasing of temperature. The gradient increasing indicate that similar roadway accelerate into the rheological stage under the action of high temperature, When large deformation, instability and failure are more likely to occur. The maximum strain and energy accumulation of roadway occur at the edge and key points of roadway. Strengthening and supporting key areas is the key to the stability of soft rock engineering.
Sexual deception of maleBradysia(Diptera: Sciaridae) by floral odour and morphological cues inPterostylis(Orchidaceae)
Authors: Hayashi Tobias , Reiter Noushka , Phillips Ryan D , Peakall Rod 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSexually deceptive orchids exploit the innate sexual preferences of their male insect pollinators to achieve pollen transfer. Although floral volatiles are critical for pollinator attraction in sexually deceptive systems, floral morphology is also expected to exploit the sexual preferences of the pollinator. Here, we investigate the pollination of the Australian orchid Pterostylis cycnocephala. We confirm that male fungus gnats of a single undescribed Bradysia sp. (Diptera, Sciaridae) act as pollinators and display sexual behaviour on flowers, including wing fanning, abdomen curling and genitalic clasping of the prominent labellum appendage. Gnats only triggered the labellum and became trapped in the flower after attempting pseudocopulation with the appendage, a process necessary for pollen removal and deposition. Male gnats located flowers hidden from view, suggesting long-range attraction is primarily due to floral odour. However, male gnats displayed reduced copulatory behaviour when the labellum was absent and when the labellum appendage was inaccessible, suggesting that appropriate morphology may be required to elicit the copulatory behaviour needed for pollination. Our study is the first detailed investigation of sexual deception of male Sciaridae in Australian orchids and represents an example of convergent evolution with some Neotropical Lepanthes orchids, which also sexually deceive male Bradysia.
Misinformation and Disinformation: The Potential Disadvantages of Social Media in Infectious Disease and How to Combat Them
Authors: Desai Angel N , Ruidera Diandra , Steinbrink Julie M , Granwehr Bruno , Lee Dong Heun 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Although the use of social media to spread misinformation and disinformation is not a new concept, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has further highlighted the dangers that misinformation can pose to public health. More than two-thirds of Americans receive their news from at least 1 social media outlet, most of which do not undergo the same review process as academic journals and some professional news organizations. Unfortunately, this can lead to inaccurate health information being conveyed as truth. The purpose of this article is to inform the infectious diseases community of the history and dangers of health misinformation and disinformation in social media, present tools for identifying and responding to misinformation, and propose other ethical considerations for social media.
Rationale and design of two trials assessing the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of inclisiran in adolescents with homozygous and heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia
Authors: Reijman M Doortje , Schweizer Anja , Peterson Amy L H , Bruckert Eric , Stratz Christian , Defesche Joep C , Hegele Robert A , Wiegman Albert 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

Background
Inclisiran is a small interfering RNA molecule that reduces low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) by inhibition of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9. This subcutaneous, twice-yearly administered agent has been shown to effectively and safely lower LDL-C in adult patients with established atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, adults at high risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, as well as in adults with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia. With the current, limited treatment options available to reach treatment goals in children with severe heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia, homozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia, or statin intolerance, inclisiran could be a valuable new therapeutic option.

Objectives
The objective of these ongoing studies is to investigate the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of inclisiran in adolescents diagnosed with homozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia (ORION-13) or heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia (ORION-16).

Study design
ORION-13 and ORION-16 are both two-part (1-year double-blind inclisiran vs. placebo/1 year open-label inclisiran) multicentre trials including adolescents aged 12 to &lt;18 years diagnosed with familial hypercholesterolaemia. ORION-13 will include ∼12 participants diagnosed with homozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia and ORION-16 will include ∼150 participants diagnosed with heterozygous familial hypercholesteroleamia. The primary endpoint is the percentage change in LDL-C from baseline to Day 330. Secondary efficacy and safety endpoints include changes in other lipid parameters and treatment-emergent adverse events as well as laboratory parameters and vital signs. Exploratory endpoints include individual responsiveness of the participants and change in LDL-C according to the type of underlying causal mutation.

Clinical Trial Registration
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/. Unique identifier: NCT04659863 (ORION-13) and NCT04652726 (ORION-16).