bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effects of CPAP therapy on metabolic profile and subjective sleep parameters in patients with OSA: a prospective trial study
Authors: Alemohammad Zahra Banafsheh , Sadeghniiat-Haghighi Khosro , Fazlipanah Mohammad Mehraban Parisa , Rahimi-Golkhandan Ania 
Published: June 2022

Objective Several studies confirmed a positive association between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and metabolic syndrome. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is the main treatment for patients with moderate and severe OSA. CPAP therapy in adults with OSA results in reduction in sleepiness, blood pressure and improvement of metabolic profile. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of CPAP therapy on various components of metabolic syndrome and subjective sleep parameters in patients with OSA.
Material and Methods In this prospective trial study, 28 patients with moderate and severe OSA enrolled. Patients were asked to fill out the validated Persian version of questionnaires including Epworth sleepiness scale, insomnia severity index, STOP-BANG and Beck depression inventory - II, before and after treatment with CPAP. Weight and blood pressure were recorded before and after treatment. Only 14 patients agreed to blood sampling before and after CPAP therapy (at least 3 months of treatment). Fasting blood samples were analyzed for measuring the levels of FBS (fasting blood sugar), TG (triglyceride), total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, AST, and ALT.
Results Diastolic blood pressure, ISI and STOP-BANG score significantly decreased after treatment (p-value: 0.008, 0.022 and 0.004, respectively). FBS and TG levels decreased after treatment, but only TG levels had significant difference (p-value: 0.46 and 0.016, respectively).
Discussion CPAP therapy had positive effects on diastolic blood pressure, TG levels and ISI score. More studies with larger sample size and longer follow-up periods are warranted to investigate the effects of CPAP therapy on blood pressure, and metabolic parameters.
Full-Scale/Model-Scale Comparison of Podded Icebreaker’s Performance in Ice with Flexural Strength Measurement Study
Authors: Wang Jungyong , Brown Jeffrey , Frederking Robert 
Published: June 2022

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This paper provides the results of model tests in ice to evaluate the performance of the USCG Mackinaw Icebreaker that was equipped with two podded propulsors and compares with the data obtained from the full-scale ice trials. The objective of this collaborative model test program between the NRC and USCG was to understand the capability and limitation of the model tests with podded vessels in ice. As a result, the model tests showed a good agreement with attainable speeds at selected power levels but an overestimation of the ice resistance by an average of 7% (from 10% to 25%). Further discussion of podded icebreaker performance including turning circle tests in ice is provided and future work is proposed. This paper also provides a discussion of two different flexural strength test methods, which are simple beam and cantilever beam tests.

Introduction
The number of icebreakers with podded propulsors has been increasing in recent years and many new icebreakers are planning to use the pods because of high maneuverability and additional benefits such as low noise and vibration, and various usages of the propeller wake. The first pod unit (1.3 MW) was installed in a utility vessel Seili in 1990. Since then, several ice-going tankers/ icebreakers have used single or multiple pod units, which had up to 16 MW power (Wilkman et al. 2018).
Updates in the Treatment of Patients With Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Krishnamurthi Smitha S. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
A number of assays are now available to estimate the prognosis of early-stage colorectal cancer, including multigene assays, the Immunoscore, and circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA). Although the results of these assays may provide prognostic information regarding the risk for recurrence, their use as a predictive assay has not yet been validated. Therefore, although these assays may be useful for prognostication, further validation would be required to include in the NCCN Guidelines. For the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer, major advances have included the use of checkpoint inhibition in metastatic disease. Studies are currently underway to further define their optimal use.
Financial Distress and It’s Prediction: A Case Study of the Textile and Garment Industry
Authors: Muhani . , Molina . , Elwisam . , Meini Zumratul , Wiweka Kadek 
Published: June 2022

Aims: The objective of this research is to glance at the projections of financial distress in the textile and garment sub-sectors listed on the IDX.
Methodology: The case study method is used in this study to employ the descriptive quantitative method approach. While the IDX is the source of the case study data, the purposive sampling method was used on the financial statements of textile and garment sub-sector companies in 2019 and the first quarter of 2020. While the cross-sectional method is used for case study analysis, or by comparing the Z-score (multiple discriminant analysis) that has been performed between one company and the standard zone that has been carried out simultaneously.
Results: This study discovered that the case study using multiple discriminant analysis models in the first quarter of 2020 shows a significant impact of Covid-19 on the financial condition of companies listed on the IDX in the textile and garment industry, with 88 percent of companies in a stress zone. This study also shows that both internal and external factors can lead to a company's demise. As a result, corporate financial management decision-making must consider the company's liquidity, debt proportion, and the efficient use of working capital.
Implication/Applications: The findings of this study can be useful not only for researchers, but also for practitioners who are interested in financial distress cases.
The Originality of the Study: One of the study's limitations is that the sample is still limited to the research scope, which only covers the two sectors. Furthermore, this study only employs a single model of financial distress. As a result, it is hoped that in the future, research will be conducted with various types of company sectors and using various financial distress models.
Economic Impact of Yam Value Chain in Nigeria
Authors: Yusuf Taibat Moji 
Published: June 2022

This study analyzed the profitability and marketing margins obtained by actors at various nodes of the yam value chain; and examined the organizations of the value chain, linkages among the key actors as well as the challenges faced by actors in the value chain in Nigeria using Baruteen Local Government Area (LGA) of Kwara State as a case study. 120 respondents consisting of 40 producers, 20 processors, and 60 sellers were selected through a three-stage sampling technique and were interviewed accordingly using structured questionnaires. Data collected were analyzed with; descriptive statics, statistics budgetary, marketing channels and Chi-Square analyses. Findings revealed significant difference in the net income of the value actors, with the processors having the highest share 3,558,63statistics
0, followed by the marketing agents 1,426,497 and the least 26,773.34 by the producers. Marketing margins also differed markedly among the actors. Sellers had the highest marketing margin per kg of yam. The identified constraints affecting yam value chain were high cost of production, inadequate market information, storage facilities, transport facilities, record keeping, and unfavourable government policies. The study recommends the need to scale up level of awareness in the value chain among smallholder farmers
Risk Assessment of the Fungicide Bontima with the Active Substances Cyprodinil and Isopyrazam
Authors: Sverdrup Line Emilie , Bjørge Christine , Eklo Ole Martin , Grung Merete , Källqvist Torsten , Klingen Ingeborg , Låg Marit , Rivedal Edgar , Ropstad Erik , Øvrebø Steinar 
Published: June 2022

Bontima is a new fungicide containing the two active substances isopyrazam and cyprodinil. Bontima is a fungicide against the most important diseases in winter and spring barley. Isopyrazam is a new active ingredient with new mechanisms of action that may delay the development of fungicide resistance in treated crops.
The risk assessment was finalized at a meeting May 29, 2012, by the Panel on plant protection products of the Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food Safety (VKM).
The Norwegian Food Safety Authority would like, in this regard, an assessment of the following:

The fate and behaviour in the environment and the ecotoxicological effects and risks with regard to the properties of Bontima and the active substances. The Panel is particularly asked to look at the following: o The persistence of isopyrazam and its metabolites. o The leaching potential of isopyrazam and its metabolites.

VKM’s conclusion is as follows:
Fate-related issues
Isopyrazam is likely to be persistent in Norwegian soils with an associated risk of accumulation after repeated use.
Isopyrazam exhibits low mobility in soil and is not expected to reach groundwater, however the two main metabolites are likely to exceed the EUs drinking water limit of 0.1 \(\mu\)g/L in groundwater.
Since drainage and runoff, as well as drift, contributes to concentrations in surface water the risk assessment have to consider all these sources. In the EU DAR step 4 calculations, buffer zones of 20 m have been used to reduce runoff levels contributions by 80 %. VKM does not accept the use of these buffer zone modifications for Norwegian topographic conditions (with e.g. steeper agricultural areas).
Risk to the environment
There is minimal risk for toxic effects of isopyrazam to terrestrial organisms.
For the aquatic compartment, there is a high risk for toxic effects of isopyrazam to aquatic organisms with the proposed application regime. This is based on calculations of runoff without buffer zone modifications, from which the resulting TER calculations show high risk of acute effects on fish and a medium risk of acute effects on invertebrates. A minimal risk for toxic effects was calculated for sediment dwelling organisms, aquatic plants, and algae.
Risk Assessment of the Pesticide Centium with the Active Substance Clomazone
Authors: Sverdrup Line Emilie , Bjørge Christine , Eklo Ole Martin , Grung Merete , Källqvist Torsten , Klingen Ingeborg , Låg Marit , Rivedal Edgar , Ropstad Erik , Øvrebø Steinar 
Published: June 2022

Centium is a new product in Norway containing the active substance clomazone. The product is applied for use as a herbicide in potato, carrot, cabbage, brussel sprout, swedes, oil seed rape, pea and bean. The Norwegian Institute for Agricultural and Environmental Research recommend approval in potato, carrot, swedes and pea. They do not recommend approval in oil seed rape, cabbage and bean because of lacking documentation on efficacy. The Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food Safety (VKM) was asked by the Norwegian Food Safety Authority to perform a risk assessment on human health and environmental fate of the active substance and the product. The risk assessment of the product was finalized at a meeting May 18, 2011, by VKM’s Scientific Panel on plant protection products (Panel 2). VKM Panel 2’s conclusion is as follows:

The active ingredient clomazone is of moderate acute toxicity after oral and inhalation exposure and of low dermal toxicity. The product Centium is of low acute toxicity after oral exposure, by skin contact or by inhalation; however the product may contain a co-formulant, monomeric isocyanate, with sensitizing properties. Due to the lack of documentation on the monomer content, the Panel cannot evaluate the risk of sensitization. UK Poem model estimation of exposure show that exposure to operator is below AOEL and the health risk is therefore minimal.
The effects observed in the dog study were considered due to the exposure of clomazone and should therefore be used to determine the NOAEL value.
The fertility index used in the two-generation study in rats is not considered relevant as a measure of critical effect. The Panel suggests to use 4000 ppm (354 mg/kg bw/day) which is the highest dose tested in the study.
Dose dependent responses were not always evident in the rat teratology study, but significant effects were found at the two highest dose levels (300 and 600 mg/kg bw/day). The observed effects were considered adverse. The proposed NOAEL of 100 mg/kg bw/day was therefore supported.
The teratology study with rats is considered relevant for determination of acute reference dose (ARfD) since skeletal malformations can be induced after short exposure periods if the exposure is taking place during a sensitive period of foetal development.
The Panel also concludes that based on the results from modeling with MACRO (4.4.2) using the Nordic groundwater scenarios and the input parameters agreed upon in the EU there is a potential for contamination of groundwater exceeding the trigger value of 0.1µg/L for the active ingredient following prescribed usage.
Determination of Optimal Doses of Plant Growth Regulators for In vitro Propagation of Four Potato Varieties (Solanum tuberosum) in Niger
Authors: Sani Daouda Ousmane , Razak Sani Daouda Abdoul , Nassourou Lawali Maman , Mouhamadou Mounkaila Boureima , Illiassa Soumaila Sounakoye , Moussa Barage 
Published: June 2022

Aims: The main limitation of the production of potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) in Niger is the external dependence on the supply of quality seeds. In the context of a national potato seed system, one of the critical phases is the rapid in vitro multiplication of virus-free good quality potato plantlets. Fifteen hormonal combinations were formulated and tested to determine a suitable hormonal combination and optimum concentrations for the in vitro production of a high number of plantlets for four farmer-preferred varieties in Niger (ATLAS, PAMELA, STEMSTER and YONA).
Study Design: A completely randomized design (CRD) was employed to reveal the performance of four potato varieties, as affected by fourteen combinations of NAA and BAP with four replications. Results of the study were subjected to the analysis of variance, and significant differences among treatments were determined using GENSTAT12.01. Segregation between means was made according to the Student Newman-Keuls test, at 5% threshold.
Place and Duration of Study: The experiment was carried out at the laboratory of Biotechnology and plant improvement of the institute of radio-isotopes in the University Abdou Moumouni of Niamey, in Niger (latitude 13°29' North and longitude 2°10' Est), for 28 days.
Methodology: Uninodal stem explants of in vitro plantlets were cultured on full-strength Murashige and Skoog media (MS) supplemented with fourteen different combinations of α-Naphthalene Acetic Acid NAA (0; 0.25; 0.50; 1.0; 2.0 mg/l) and Benzyl Amino Purine BAP (0; 0.25; 0.50 mg/l), for 28 days.
Results: Statistical analysis of the results showed that the variety and hormonal significantly influenced the height of the plant, the number of leaves and number of roots. Treatments with NAA alone without BAP stimulated rhizogenesis. From a NAA concentration of 0.25 to 0.5 mg/l there is a proliferation of the roots and from 1 mg/l there is an increase in roots length. PAMELA and ATLAS cultivars showed better root production.
When can model‐based estimates replace surveys of wildlife populations that span many discrete management units?
Authors: Priadka Pauline , Brown Glen S. , Fedy Bradley C. , Mallory Frank F. 
Published: June 2022

Abstract
Monitoring widely distributed species on a budget presents challenges for the spatio‐temporal allocation of survey effort. When there are multiple discrete units to monitor, survey alternatives such as model‐based estimates can be useful to fill information gaps but may not reliably reflect biological complexity and change. The spatio‐temporal allocation of survey effort that minimizes uncertainty for the greatest number of units within a budget can help to ensure monitoring is optimized.
We used aerial survey‐based population estimates of moose (Alces alces) across 30 Wildlife Management Units (WMUs) in Ontario, Canada to parameterize simulated populations and test the performance of different monitoring scenarios in capturing WMU‐specific annual variation and trends. Firstly, we tested scenarios that prioritized conducting a survey for a unit based on one of three management criteria: population state, population uncertainty or number of years between surveys. Also incorporated in the decision framework were WMU‐specific costs and annual budget constraints. Secondly, we tested how using model‐based estimates to fill information gaps improved population and trend estimates. Lastly, we assessed how the utility (based on minimizing population uncertainty) of using a model‐based estimate rather than conducting a survey was impacted by population density, severity of environmental stressors and years since the last survey.
Interval‐based monitoring that minimized the number of years between surveys captured accurate trends for the highest number of WMUs, but annual variation was poorly captured regardless of management criteria prioritized. Using model‐based estimates to fill information gaps improved trend estimation. Further, the utility of conducting a survey increased with time since the last survey and was greater for populations with low densities when the severity of environmental stressors was high, while being greater for populations with high densities when environmental severity was low.
Overall, the utility of aerial survey monitoring was strongly associated with WMU‐specific monitoring precision and the predictive power of model‐based estimates. If long‐term trends are evident, then there is greater value in using alternatives such as model‐based predictions to replace surveys, but model‐based estimates may be a poor substitute when there is strong annual variation and when using a simple model.
Meta‐Analyses on the Effects of Disease‐Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs on the Most Relevant Patient‐Reported Outcome Domains in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: van den Dikkenberg Marijke , Luurssen‐Masurel Nathalie , Kuijper Tjallingius Martijn , Kok Marc‐Redwart , Hazes Johanna Maria Wilhelmina , de Jong Pascal Hendrik Pieter , Lopes‐Barreto Deirisa , Weel‐Koenders Angelique Elisabeth Adriana Maria 
Published: June 2022

ObjectiveWhereas in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis much evidence exists on the effects of current pharmacologic treatment on clinical outcomes, little is known about the effects on patient‐reported outcomes. This systematic review aims to evaluate the effects of disease‐modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) on the patient‐relevant domains of pain, fatigue, activity limitation, overall emotional and physical health impact, and work/school/housework ability and productivity.MethodsA literature search was conducted to identify randomized controlled trials wherein registered DMARDs were compared with placebo or methotrexate and reported the effects on patient‐reported outcomes included in the International Consortium of Health Outcomes Measurement standard set for inflammatory arthritis. Random effects meta‐analyses using the standardized mean differences of change scores as the effect measure were performed for the domains of pain, fatigue, and activity limitation, comparing DMARDs with placebo and methotrexate. The other 2 domains were presented narratively.ResultsAcross the 5 domains, 69 records belonging to 52 studies were identified. All meta‐analyses showed a decrease of burden when DMARDs were compared with placebo (standardized mean differences [95% confidence interval] in pain −0.80 [−0.99, −0.61], fatigue −0.48 [−0.64, −0.32], and activity limitation −0.56 [− 0.63, −0.49]) and when compared with methotrexate (−0.55 [−0.70, −0.41), −0.44 [−0.55, −0.33], and − 0.37 [−0.44, −0.30], respectively).ConclusionDMARDs decrease the burden in all the domains that are relevant to patients. Effect sizes may be influenced by DMARD type. Therefore, in the decision for rheumatoid arthritis treatment, patient‐reported outcomes should be taken into account.
Electrochemical Polishing: An Effective Strategy for Eliminating Li Dendrites
Authors: Shi Kaiyuan , Dutta Arghya , Hao Yu , Zhu Mengting , He Lingyan , Pan Yu , Xin Xing , Huang Liang‐Feng , Yao Xiayin , Wu Jinghua 
Published: June 2022

AbstractDendritic growth of lithium (Li) is well‐known to originate from deposition on rough and inhomogeneous Li‐metal surfaces, and has long been a central problem in charging lithium metal batteries. Herein, a universal strategy is proposed for dendrite suppression by both in situ and ex situ electrochemical polishing of Li metal from the corrosion science perspective. This polishing technique greatly smoothens the surface of the Li and dynamically regenerates a homogeneous solid electrolyte interphase film simultaneously during cell cycling, which suppresses the nucleation sites for dendritic Li and establishes an ideal matrix for even deposition of Li. As a result, the polished Li presents a stable voltage profile and high Li utilization in both the symmetric cells and the full cells coupled with LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 (NCM811) or LiFePO4. The long cycle life of polished Li electrodes clearly demonstrates a uniform dendrite‐free deposition of Li. This strategy shows a new direction to realize a uniform deposition of Li by providing a regenerative homogeneous Li‐surface during repeated cycling.
Shape‐ and Size‐Dependent Kinetic Ethylene Sieving from a Ternary Mixture by a Trap‐and‐Flow Channel Crystal
Authors: Dong Qiubing , Huang Yuhang , Hyeon‐Deuk Kim , Chang I‐Ya , Wan Jingmeng , Chen Changlin , Duan Jingui , Jin Wanqin , Kitagawa Susumu 
Published: June 2022

AbstractEthylene (C2H4) purification from multicomponent mixtures by physical adsorption presents a great challenge in the chemical industry. This work successfully uses the postsynthetic method of crystal transformation in boiling alkaline solution to synthesize a trap‐and‐flow channel crystal (namely NTU‐67), the flow channel of which provides an effective shape‐ and size‐dependent sieving path for linear molecules such as acetylene (C2H2) and carbon dioxide (CO2), while the adjacent channel possesses customized space for efficient molecular trapping. The three‐bladed array of the nanospace enables the crystal to afford a record productivity of C2H4 (121.5 mL g−1, >99.95%) from C2H2/CO2/C2H4 (1/9/90, v/v/v) mixtures in a single adsorption–desorption cycle under humid and dynamic conditions, even at a high temperature of 343 K and wide gas ratio. The molecular‐level insight and mechanism of the cooperative role of the trap‐and‐flow channel, found computationally and observed experimentally, demonstrates a new design philosophy toward extending the application boundaries of porous coordination polymers to further challenging tasks.