bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the non-linearity of radon-induced lung cancer
Authors: Rosenberger Albert , Bickeböller Heike , Christiani David C , Liu Geoffrey , Schabath Matthew B , Duarte Luisa F. , Marchand Loic Le , Haiman Christopher , Landi Teresa , Consonni Dario , Field John K , Davies Michael P.A. , Albanes Demetrios , Tardon Adonina , Fernández-Tardón Guillermo , Rennert Gad , Rennert Hedy , Amos Christopher I , Hung Rayjean J 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Exposure to low doses of the radioactive gas radon, as found indoors in dwellings, has been consistently shown to be a risk factor for lung cancer (LC). The linear-no-threshold hypothesis (LNT) is often applied to estimate excess odds ratios or population attributable risks, albeit this LNT assumption remains debated. We investigate the profile of radon-induced LC-risk in a sample of 8,927 cases and 5,562 controls of the International Lung Cancer Consortium (ILCCO), contributed by studies with sufficient exposure heterogeneity. Spatial indoor-radon exposure in the residential area (sIR) obtained from the national surveys were linked to the participants’ residential geo-location. Parametric linear- and spline-functions were fitted within framework of logistic regression. We observed a U-shaped dose-risk relation, with the lowest risk exposure level (LRE) being 57.6 Bq/m³ (95%.CI: 56.1–59.2 Bq/m³). The risk of overall-LC at 25 Bq/m³ (OR = 1.31, 95%-CI: 1.01–1.59) was comparable to that at 100 Bq/m³ (OR = 1.34, 95%-CI: 1.20–1.45). Regarding histological subtypes, we observed the strongest risk for small-cell LC, and weak association for squamous-cell LC with no association below 58 Bq/m³. Our results showed a U-shaped risk-profile for radon-induced LC risk at very low exposure levels (sIR < 200 Bq/m³), lowest in areas of mean indoor radon levels of about 58 Bq/m³. Risk profiles differ between histological subtypes, and sex, age and smoking behaviour modify the lowest risk thresholds. sIR is a useful proxy for radon exposure, and the linearity-no-threshold assumption in this data seems not optimal for the dose-response relation of sIR less than 200 Bq/m³.
Data mining on identifying diagnosis and prognosis biomarkers in head and neck squamous carcinoma
Authors: Ju Guoyuan , Yao Zhangyu , Zhao Yanbin , Zhao Xiaotong , Liu Fangzhou 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Head and neck squamous carcinoma (HNSC) induce high cancer-related death worldwide. The biomarker screening on diagnosis and prognosis is of great importance. This research is aimed to explore the specific diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for HNSC through bioinformatics analysis. The mutation and dysregulation data were acquired from UCSC Xena and TCGA databases. The top ten genes with mutation frequency in HNSC were TP53 (66%), TTN (35%), FAT1 (21%), CDKN2A (20%), MUC16 (17%), CSMD3 (16%), PIK3CA (16%), NOTCH1 (16%), SYNE1 (15%), LRP1B (14%). A total of 1,060 DEGs were identified, with 396 up-regulated and 665 downregulated in HNSC patients. Patients with lower expression of ACTN2 (P = 0.039, HR = 1.3), MYH1 (P = 0.005, HR = 1.5), MYH2 (P = 0.035, HR = 1.3), MYH7 (P = 0.053, HR = 1.3), and NEB (P = 0.0043, HR = 1.5) exhibit longer overall survival time in HNSC patients. The main DEGs were further analyzed by pan-cancer expression and immune cell infiltration analyses. MYH1, MYH2, and MYH7 were dysregulated in the cancers. Compared with HNSC, their expression levels are lower in the other types of cancers. MYH1, MYH2, and MYH7 were expected to be the specific diagnostic and prognostic molecular biomarkers of HNSC. All the five DEGs have a significant positive correlation with CD4 + T cells and macrophages.
Metal-tolerance protein PCR2 enhances Cd tolerance by root efflux of Cd ions in poplar
Authors: Lyu Fuling , Shan Qinghua , Qiao Kun , Zhang Haizhen , Zhou Aimin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a non-essential, toxic metal that affects plant growth. Plant cadmium-resistance (PCR) proteins play key roles in responding to heavy metal stress. In this study, we isolated the PCR gene PePCR2 from Populus euphratica. PePCR2 gene transcription was induced by Cd and peaked at 24 h after exposure; the PePCR2 protein was localized to the plasma membrane. Expressing PePCR2 in yeast enhanced the tolerance of yeast cells to Cd and decreased Cd content. Overexpression of PePCR2 in poplar conferred higher Cd resistance than in wild-type plants. Net Cd2+ efflux measurements showed increasing Cd2+ efflux in transgenic roots compared with wild-type plants. Furthermore, the overexpression of PePCR2 in poplar increased the transcription levels of ABCG29, HMA5, PDR2, YSL7, and ZIP1 and decreased that of NRAMP6 upon exposure to Cd. These data showed that PePCR2 increased Cd resistance by acting as a Cd extrusion pump or by regulating other Cd2+ transporters to decrease Cd toxicity in the cytosol. Our study provides an effective genetic resource for reducing Cd accumulation in plants.
Investigation on ratios of some common diseases and health risks relating to dioxin exposure in Da Nang, Vietnam
Authors: Sau Trinh Khac , Hung Dinh Viet , Le Quan Van , Quang Le Van 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Analyze the current status of disease patterns and health risks of people in Thanh Khe district (TK group) residing near areas where Agent Orange (AO)/dioxin was stored in Da Nang airport compared with people in Son Tra district (ST group - control group), Da Nang city. A cross-sectional descriptive study. This is a survey of 402 families residing in the TK group and 400 ones residing in the ST group. Subjects in the age group 45–69 accounted for a high proportion, of which women accounted for the majority, the residence time was stable and long, mainly over 15 years in both groups. People in the TK group had direct and indirect exposure to AO/dioxin accounted for a higher proportion than in the ST group. The incidence of some diseases that are recommended to be related to AO/dioxin such as hypertension (33.6%), diabetes mellitus (8.96%), and other diseases: stomach (23.0%), joints (40.3%), ear-nose-throat (ENT, 11.2%), urinary system (7.21%) compared with the ST group. Exposure to AO/dioxin has changed the disease pattern and increased some diseases in people residing near areas where AO/dioxin was previously stored.
Optimal initiation of dialysis in end stage kidney disease patients: is it a resolved question? A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Jia Xiaoyan , Tang Xueqing , Moreira Paulo , Li Yunfeng , Xu Dongmei 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Is there a definite universally accepted optimal initiation of maintenance dialysis in end stage kidney disease patients (ESKD)? The decision on optimal initiation of maintenance dialysis is an ongoing common problem faced by nephrologists around he world. However, symptoms or signs of uremia are varied and complex, mainly depending on clinical judgment; what’s more, typical uremic symptoms such as pericarditis and encephalopathy in patients without volume overload often occur at a very low glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and these conditions are often combined with severe metabolic disorders and/or organ damages. The fact is that the exact optimal timing of dialysis for ESKD patients remains unknown. The study systematically reviewed the available evidence with regard to the optimal initiation of maintenance dialysis in ESKD patients, applying PRISMA and the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. The review identified approaches and methods for investigation of optimal dialysis initiation. Evidence suggests that GFR at dialysis initiation was not associated with mortality and that the timing of dialysis initiation should not be based on GFR. Assessments of volume load and patient’s tolerance to volume overload are prospective approaches recommended. The article updates and identifies approaches and methods for investigation of optimal dialysis initiation to support evidence-based clinical decision.
Effectiveness of eradication therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection in Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Fekadu Sintayehu , Engiso Hizkel , Seyfe Sisay , Iizasa Hisashi , Godebo Ashebir , Deyno Serawit , Yoshiyama Hironori 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
The effectiveness of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) eradication depends on the treatment protocol. This study aimed to investigate the H. pylori eradication effectiveness in Africa using the best available evidence from databases.
Methods
PubMed, Google Scholar, Hinari, Scopus, and the directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ) were searched. The quality of each included study was assessed using Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials (RoB2) and Risk of Bias in Non-Randomized Studies of Intervention (ROBINS-I) for observational studies. Heterogeneity between studies was assessed using I2 test statistics based on the random effect model. Stata version 13 (College Station, Texas 77845 USA) software was employed to compute the pooled eradication rate. Forest plots and tables were used to present the data.
Results
Twenty-two studies from 9 African countries with a total population of 2,163 met the inclusion criteria and were included in the analysis. The pooled eradication rate of H. pylori by standard therapy was 79% (95% CI: 75%, 82%), with heterogeneity (I2 = 93.02%). In the subgroup analysis by study design, a higher eradication rate was reported from observational studies (85%, 95% CI: 79%-90%), compared to randomized control trials (77%, 95% CI: 73%-82%); by the duration of therapy, higher eradication rate was reported in 10-days regimen (88%, 95% CI: 84–92), compared to 7-days regimen (66%, 95% CI: 55–77); by country, the highest eradication rate was found in Ethiopia (90%; 95% CI: 87%-93%) and the lowest eradication rate was reported in Ivory Coast (22.3%; 95% CI:15%-29%); by type of H. pylori test, the highest eradication rate was reported when rapid urease test coupled with histology (88%, 95% CI: 77–96), and the lowest eradication rate was reported using histology alone (22.3%; 95% CI:15%-29%).
Conclusions
Eradication therapy for H. pylori in Africa had eradication rates that could be considered effective even in the lowest reported cases. This study demonstrates the necessity to optimize current H. pylori treatment regimens in each country, taking into account the antibiotic susceptibility of the bacteria.
Phytoefficacy of Eicchornia crassipes (Mart.)Solms-Laub for aqua-remediation of hexavalent chromium – a novel in situ phytoremediation approach for abatement of chromium pollution in South Kaliapani chromite mine effluent of Odisha, India
Authors: Mohanty Monalisa , Pattnaik Mousumi , Mishra Aruna K. , Patra Hemanta K 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
A huge quantity of toxic hexavalent chromium (Cr-VI or Cr6+) was released into the environment through mine effluent at the South Kaliapani chromite mining area during different mining activities. The present in situ bioremediation approach was conducted to assess the remediation potential of a well-known aquatic weed water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms-Laub) for attenuating Cr(VI) from mine wastewater. The study correlates the bio-concentration factors (BCF) of Cr with the reduction percentage. The percent reduction of Cr content in mine effluent was maximum (53.5%) at 100 days after treatment (DAT) followed by 40.7% at 75 DAT after passage through 2,000 sq. ft. area covering four water hyacinths populated (1350 plants) ponds. Reduction in Cr content if OMC discharged mine effluent varies with plant age as well as with the distance of passage. A constant increase in root biomass was recorded with increased passage distance and days of treatment of contaminated mine effluent. The plants could not survive after 125 days of treatment but could show an increasing trend in shoot biomass up to 100 DAT. After 75 days of treatment, it was noted that Cr concentration in roots decreased from 200 to 148 ppm and from 76 to 21 ppm in shoots after passage through the 2000 sq. ft area at 100 (DAT). Water hyacinth roots exhibit maximum Cr bioaccumulation at 75 DAT whereas this was highest in shoots at 100 DAT.
Rehabilitation for revision total knee replacement: Survey of current service provision and systematic review
Authors: Omar Ifrah , Kunutsor Setor , Bertram Wendy , Moore Andrew , Blom Ashley W , Lenguerrand Erik , Whitehouse Michael R , Wylde Vikki 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Approximately 6,000 revision total knee replacements are performed annually in the National Health Service. Revision total knee replacement is a major operation with a long recovery period and many patients report suboptimal outcomes. Rehabilitation has the potential to improve outcomes after revision total knee replacement. The aim of this study was to understand current provision of rehabilitation for revision total knee replacement in England and evaluate the existing evidence.
Methods
A national survey of education and rehabilitation provision for patients receiving revision total knee replacement was completed by physiotherapy staff at 22 hospitals across England. A systematic review was undertaken to identify studies evaluating rehabilitation programmes for revision joint replacement. Searches were conducted in MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and Cochrane databases from inception to 15th June 2022. Studies were included if they evaluated post-operative rehabilitation interventions for adults undergoing revision joint replacement for any indication. Screening, data extraction and assessment of methodological quality were undertaken by two reviewers.
Results
Survey: Pre-operative education was provided in most hospitals, which predominately involved a single session delivered by a multidisciplinary team. Inpatient physiotherapy commonly commenced on post-operative day 1 and was provided twice daily, with most hospitals also providing occupational therapy. Rehabilitation was often provided in the first four weeks after hospital discharge, either in an outpatient, community or home setting. In most hospitals, the education and rehabilitation provided to patients receiving revision total knee replacement was the same as that provided to patients undergoing primary total knee replacement.
Systematic review: Of the 1,445 articles identified in the searches, three retrospective cohort studies based on hospital records review were eligible for inclusion. The studies evaluated intensive rehabilitation programmes delivered in an inpatient hospital setting, consisting of 2-3 hours of daily supervised group or individual physiotherapy, with additional occupational therapy in one study. All three studies reported improvement in functional outcomes for patients undergoing rehabilitation after revision total knee replacement.
Conclusion
This study identified the need for future research to develop and evaluate tailored rehabilitation to optimise patient outcomes following revision total knee replacement.
Ablation of SAMD1 in Mice Causes Failure of Embryonic Blood Vessel Maturation and Embryonic Lethality
Authors: Campbell Bruce , Weber Lisa Marie , Engle Sandra J. , Ozolinš Terence R.S. , Bourassa Patricia , Aiello Robert , Liefke Robert 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
SAM domain-containing protein 1 (SAMD1) has been implicated in atherosclerosis, as well as in chromatin and transcriptional regulation, suggesting a versatile and complex biological function. However, its role at an organismal level is currently unknown. Here, we generated SAMD1−/− and SAMD1+/− mice to explore the role of SAMD1 during mouse embryogenesis. Homozygous loss of SAMD1 was embryonic lethal with no living animals seen after embryonic day 18.5. At embryonic day 14.5, organs were degrading and/or incompletely developed and no functional blood vessels were observed. Sparse red blood cells were scattered and pooled, primarily near the embryo surface. Some embryos had malformed heads and brains at embryonic day 15.5. In vitro, SAMD1 absence impaired neuronal differentiation processes. Heterozygous SAMD1 knockout mice were born alive, but postnatal genotyping showed a reduced ability of these mice to thrive, possibly due to altered steroidogenesis. In summary, the characterization of SAMD1 knockout mice suggests a critical role of SAMD1 during developmental processes in multiple organs and tissues.
Effects of different sulfur compounds on the distribution characteristics of subcellular lead content in Arabis alpina L .var. parviflora Franch under lead stress
Authors: Xu Cui , Qin Li , Zu Yanqun , Li Yuan , Wang Jixiu 
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Sulfur plays a vital role in the phytoremediation of lead-contaminated soil. Effects of different sulfur forms (S0, Na2S, Na2SO4) on Pb absorption in hyperaccumulator Arabis alpina L. var. parviflora Franch were studied by soil culture pot experiment. The subcellular sulfur and lead enrichment characteristics in A. alpina were studied by adding sulfur in different forms and concentrations (0, 75, and 150 mg/kg) to Pb-contaminated soil. The results showed that the root and shoot biomass increased by 1.94 times under Na2S and Na2SO4 treatment, and the root-shoot ratio of A. alpine increased 1.62 times under three forms of sulfur treatments, compared with the control. Sulfur content in cell walls and soluble fractions of root and shoot of A. alpine significantly increased 3.35 ~ 5.75 times and decreased 5.85 and 9.28 times in the organelles under Na2SO4 treatment. Meanwhile, Pb content in the root and shoot cell walls of A. alpine significantly increased by 3.54 and 2.75 times, respectively. Pb content in the shoot soluble fraction significantly increased by 3.46 times, and the root organelle and soluble fraction significantly decreased by 2.72 and 2.46 times, respectively, while it significantly reduced by 3.78 times in the shoot organelle. Different forms and concentrations of sulfur had no regularity in the effect of Pb and sulfur content in the subcellular components of A. alpina, but the bioconcentration and translocation factors of A. alpina increased compared with the control. Under different concentrations of Na2SO4, there was a significant positive correlation between the contents of sulfur and Pb in the subcellular components of the root of A. alpina (P < 0.05). These results indicate that sulfur application can enhance the Pb resistance of A. alpina by strengthening the cell wall fixation and compartmentalization of vacuoles.
Alterations of plasma exosomal proteins and motabolies are associated with the progression of castration-resistant prostate cancer
Authors: liu pengyu , Wang Wenxuan , Wang Fei , Fan Jiaqi , Guo Jinan , Wu Tao , Lu Dongliang , Zhou Qingchun , liu Zhuohao , Wang Yuliang , Shang Zhiqun , Chan Franky Leung , Yang Wei , li Xin , Zhao Shanchao , Zheng Qingyou , Wang Fei , Wu Dinglan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: Current diagnosis tools for prostate cancer (PCa) such as serum PSA detection and prostate biopsy cannot distinguish dormant tumors from invasive malignancies, either be used as prognosis marker for castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), the lethal stage of PCa patients. Exosomes have been widely investigated as promising biomarkers for various diseases. We aim to characterize the proteomic and metabolomic profile of exosomes and to evaluate their potential value for the diagnosis of PCa, especially CRPC. The functional role of some specific exosome biomarkers in the progression of CRPC were also investigated.
Methods: Integrated proteomics and metabolomics analysis were performed for plasma-derived exosomes collected from tumor-free controls (TFC), PCa and CRPC patients. Expression of specific exosomal proteins were further validated by targeted 4D-parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) mass spectrometry among the three cohorts. Tissue distribution and functional role of exosomal protein LRG1 was studied in clinical PCa tissue samples and cell line models.
Results: Three potential exosomal protein markers were identified. The apolipoprotein E level in PCa samples was 1.7-fold higher than that in TFC (receiver operating characteristic [ROC] value, 0.74). Similarly, the levels of exosome-derived leucine-rich alpha2-glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) and inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain H3 (ITIH3) in the CRPC group were 1.7 and 2.04 times, respectively, higher than those in the PCa group (ROC values, 0.84 and 0.85, respectively), indicating that LRG1 and ITIH3 could serve as predictive markers for CRPC. For metabolomic evaluation of exosomes, a series of differentially expressed metabolites were identified, and a combined metabolite panel showed ROC value of 0.94 for distinguishing PCa from TFC and 0.97 for distinguishing CRPC from PCa. Immunohistochemistry of tissue microarray showed that LRG1 protein was significantly upregulated in advanced prostate cancer and functional assay revealed that ectopic expression of LRG1 can significantly enhance the malignant phenotype of prostate cancer cells. More importantly, PCa cell derived LRG1-overexpressed exosomes remarkably promoted angiogenesis.
Conclusion: Integration of proteomics and metabolomics data yielded proteomic and metabolic signatures of plasma exosomes that may facilitate discrimination of CRPC from PCa and TFC patients, suggesting the potential of exosomal proteins and metabolites as CRPC markers. The study also confirmed the important role of exosomal protein LRG1 in PCa malignant progression.
Using Phenotypic Data from the Electronic Health Record (EHR) to Predict Discharge Destination: A Predictive Model based on A Single-Center Retrospective Cohort
Authors: Bhatia Monisha C. , Wanderer Jonathan P. , Li Gen , Ehrenfeld Jesse M. , Vasilevskis Eduard 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background: Timely discharge to post-acute care (PAC) settings, such as skilled nursing facilities, requires early identification of eligible patients. We sought to develop and internally validate a model which predicts a patient’s likelihood of requiring PAC based on information obtained in the first 24 hours of hospitalization.
Methods: This was a retrospective observational cohort study. We collected clinical data and commonly used nursing assessments from the electronic health record (EHR) for all adult inpatient admissions at our academic tertiary care center from September 1, 2017 to August 1, 2018 We performed a multivariable logistic regression to derive the model from the derivation cohort of the available records. A secondary analysis was then conducted to evaluate the capability of the model to predict discharge destination on an internal validation cohort.
Results: Age (adjusted odds ratio (AOR), 1.04 [per year]; 95% Confidence Interval (CI), 1.03 to 1.04), admission to the intensive care unit (AOR, 1.51; 95% CI, 1.27 to 1.79), admission from the emergency department (AOR, 1.53; 95% CI, 1.31 to 1.78), taking more home medications (AOR, 1.06 [per medication count increase]; 95% CI 1.05 to 1.07), and higher Morse fall risk scores at admission (AOR, 1.03 [per unit increase]; 95% CI 1.02 to 1.03) were independently associated with higher likelihood of being discharged to PAC facility. The c-statistic of the model derived from the primary analysis was 0.875, and the model predicted the correct discharge destination in 81.2% of the validation cases.
Conclusions: A model that utilizes clinical factors and risk assessments has excellent model performance in predicting discharge to a PAC facility.