bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Laboratory Scale Primary Screening Method for Testing Potential Peach Fruit Thinning Compounds1
Authors: Martin George C. , Brooks Lawrence M. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In the laboratory, sections from leaves of peach [Prunus persica (L) Batsch. cv. Lovell] were treated with chemicals previously reported to have potential as peach fruit thinning agents. The resultant evolution of ethylene from the treated leaves was compared with the amount of peach fruit thinning by the same chemicals. A positive correlation exists between the level of ethylene evolution and the amount of fruit thinning by the chemicals tested.
Ethephon and Peach Fruit Development1
Authors: Stembridge G. E. , Raff J. W. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
(2-Chlrorethyl)phosphonic acid (ethephon) advanced maturity of peach (Primus persica (L.) Batsch] by accelerating fruit development during me first 3 weeks of Stage III. Application early in Stage II did not affect fruit growth until the normal transition into Stage III, which indicates that ethylene does not initiate State III in the peach, but promotes fruit development once Stage III begins.
Seed Development in Peach and Nectarine During Induction of Fruit Abscission with Ethephon1
Authors: Stembridge G. E. , Raff J. W. , Veinbrants N. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Abscission-inducing concentrations of (2-chloroethyl)phosphonic acid (ethephon) were applied to nectarine and peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] at the beginning of Stage IL Normal seed development, as indicated by endosperm growth, continued until after fruit abscission was initiated.
Quality of ‘Stayman Winesap’ Apples Stored in Air, Controlled Atmospheres, or Controlled Atmospheres Followed by Storage in Air1
Authors: Anderson R. E. , Penney R. W. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Taste panelists preferred ‘Stayman Winesap’ apples stored for 9 months in a controlled atmosphere (CA) to those stored in air. Apples stored in CA followed by storage in air were generally intermediate in quality (taste, firmness, and acidity) between fruit stored in CA and those stored in air. When the fruit were stored for 9 months, the longer they had been in CA before shifting them to air, the more closely they approached the quality and metabolic state of fruit stored 9 months in CA
Susceptibility to Chilling Injury of Three Avocado Cultivars at Various Stages of Ripening1
Authors: Zauberman G. , Schiffmann-Nadel Mina , Yanko U. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Response of ‘Ettinger’, ‘Fuerte’, and ‘Nabal’ avocados (Persea avocado Mill.) to 0, 2, 4 and 6°C at various stages of ripeness was tested. No damage appeared during cold storage and shelf-life when firm avocado fruit was stored at 0, 2, 4 and 6° for 1, 2, 3, 4 and 6 weeks, respectively. Fruit placed in cold storage when semi-firm or soft was more tolerant to low temperature than firm fruit There was no relation between the duration of cold storage at 0, 2, 4° and subsequent length of self-life at 14°; on the other hand, the longer the storage at 6°, the shorter the shelf-life. Chilling injury, although initiated during cold storage, did not become apparent until during the post-storage shelf-life period. ‘Nabal’ was more tolerant to low temperature than ‘Ettinger’ and ‘Fuerte’.
‘Sapporo Autumn Gold’ Elm1
Authors: Smalley E. B. , Lester D. T. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Elm trees resistant to Dutch elm disease, caused by Ceratocystis ulmi (Buism.) C. Moreau, have been actively sought by investigators since the first description of the disease in The Netherlands in 1921. Resistant elms released from the Dutch elm breeding program for planting in Europe such as Ulmus carpinifolia Gleditsch cv. Christine Buisman and U. hollandica Mill. cvs. Bea Schwarz Commelin, and Groeneveld for various reasons (i.e., susceptibility to other diseases, poor ornamental characters, or lack of harcjiness) have had only limited usefulness in the United States.
The Apple in Java1
Authors: Janick Jules 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The tropical archipelago of Indonesia is dominated culturally by the relatively small island of Java3, the population center (80 of the 125 million people) of the sprawling island nation. Pomologically, Java is best known for the tropical fruits that abound–particularly the fragrant mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.), the red “hairy” rumbutan (Nephelium lappaceum L.), the duku (Lansium domesticum Jack.), the lizard-skinned salak (Salacca edulis Reinw.), the rich and strongly-flavored durian4 (Durio zibethinus Murr.), and other more familiar ones including the banana and coconut. In the highlands which occupy practically 50% of Java’s land area, temperatures drop to bracing levels and above 1300 m even frost is a hazard. In spite of the plethora of tropical fruits, apples are highly prized and there is a sizable import, particularly from Australia. The culture of apples has long been a fond wish and the Dutch imported many types during their long association with Indonesia. Often grafted trees were brought in and as a result one of the rootstocks has produced a local “wild” apple, with small, bitter fruit. This strain is presently used as the local rootstock and is now being exported to the Phillipines because of its suitability in the tropics. The rootstock has been sent recently to East Mailing, Kent, England for identification.
Evaluation and Inheritance of Fruit Color, Size, Scar, Firmness and Plant Vigor in Blueberry1
Authors: Edwards T. W. , Sherman W. B. , Sharpe R. H. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Repeatability of scoring and inheritance of 5 characters were studied in highbush type blueberry progenies in 2 years. In the repeatability study, fruit size, scar and plant vigor scores were more consistent than fruit firmness and color. Plant vigor scores were high and fruit scar scores were low both years. In the inheritance study, cultivars ranked similarly for each character by either their phenotypic score or general combining ability effects. Mean square variances of general combining ability were larger than specific combining ability for fruit size, firmness, color and plant vigor. Mean square variance of specific combining ability was high for fruit scar. Heritability estimates for blueberry were high for fruit size, moderate for fruit color, low for fruit firmness and scar and lower for plant vigor.
Effects of Foreign Edible Berries on the Flavor and Texture of Lowbush Blueberry Products1
Authors: Murphy Elizabeth F. , True Ruth H. , Ismail Amr A. , Hogan John M. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Taste panels compared the flavor and texture of lowbush blueberry fruits (Vaccinium angustifolium Ait.) with combinations of blueberries and foreign edible berries, commonly called chokepears [fruit of purple chokeberry, Pyrus floribunda Lindle (syn. Aronia prunifolia (Marsh.) Rehder) and black chokeberry, P.. melanocarpa (Michx) Willd. (syn. Aronia melanocarpa Willd.)], in 14 sensory tests. Combinations which were rated as undesirable were: raw, 20 to 10% chokepears; sauce, 14 to 9%; muffins, 67 to 17%. Per cents of chokepears which were undetected were: muffins and tarts, 14 and 12% and pies, 4 and 2%. Masked by the batter and pastry in muffins and tarts, relatively large percentages of chokepears were acceptable to the panelists.
Rootstock Effect on Peach Tree Survival on a Poorly Drained Soil1
Authors: Chaplin C. E. , Schneider G. W. , Martin D. C. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
‘Redhaven’ peach on 5 seedling rootstocks planted in the spring of 1973 in a water-logged soil exhibited varying degrees of injury by July. ‘Rutgers Red Leaf’ was most tolerant; ‘Lovell’ was least tolerant. These differences suggest the feasibility of breeding for “wet feet” resistance in peach rootstocks.
Effects of SADH on Flavor and Select Physicochemical Properties of Freestone Peaches1
Authors: Senter S. D. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Peaches [Prunus persica (L.) Batch, cv. Loring and Elberta] sprayed with a 1500 ppm solution of succinic acid-2,2-dimethylhydrazide (SADH) at the onset of pit hardening, were preferred over nontreated peaches in sensory evaluations for odor and flavor. Firmness, titratable acidity, and soluble solids content of treated peaches did not vary significantly from nontreated; however, pH of treated peaches was significantly higher than nontreated in both varieties. Significant correlations could not be established between odor-flavor evaluations and physicochemical parameters.
Yield and Vigor of ‘d’Anjou’ Pears with Early Application of Triazole and Triazine Herbicides1
Authors: Thomas Raese J. , Williams Max W. , Schomer Harold 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Weed control with certain triazole or triazine herbicides on 4-year-old nonbearing pear trees (Pyrus communis L. cv. d’Anjou) resulted in markedly increased vigor, as evidenced by higher leaf N, larger trunk circumference, and greater subsequent yields of larger fruit than on trees where weed control was delayed until trees were 6 years old. Fruit from the latter treatment matured earlier and had more yellowness, softer flesh, higher soluble solids, and greater ethylene production than fruit from the vigorous trees. There was also evidence of increased N efficiency with the heterocyclic nitrogen herbicides.
The Wisdom of Joint Effort
Authors: Kottman Roy M. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
I look upon this discussion of industry’s increasing role in funding horticultural research as one of the most significant topics which ASHS or any other professional society could include on its annual meeting agenda. We in the universities see increasing evidence of joint effort in the planning of research at the State Agricultural Experiment Stations (SAES). This is significant because prior to the Federal legislation which established the basis for regional research in 1955, there was relatively little joint planning of publicly-supported agricultural research even among SAES. The Hatch Act, which was consolidated and amended under provisions of Public Law 84-352, states: “Not more than 25 per centum shall be allotted to the states for cooperative research in which two or more State Agricultural Experiment Stations are cooperating to solve problems that concern the agriculture of more than one State. The funds available for such purposes, together with funds available pursuant to subsection (b) hereof for like purpose shall be designated as the ‘regional research fund, State Agricultural Experiment Stations,’ and shall be used only for such cooperative regional projects as are recommended by a Committee of Nine persons elected by and representing the Directors of the State Agricultural Experiment Stations, and approved by the Secretary of Agriculture.”
Tolerance of Honeylocust Seedlings to Soil-applied Salts1
Authors: Dirr Michael A. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Salt tolerance of honeylocust (Gleditsia triacanthos inermis Willd.) was determined using 2 month-old potted seedlings salinized with 200 ml of NaCl, KCl and Na2SO4 at concentrations of 0.05N, 0.15N and 0.25N applied daily to soil. Leaflets of plants receiving Cl developed a tip and marginal necrosis while leaflets of plants receiving Na2SO4 were uninjured. Shoot dry weight of plants receiving NaCl and KCl (0.15N and 0.25N) were significantly lower than plants from control and all concentrations of Na2SO4 treatment Total soluble salts were not responsible for injury. Na had no adverse effect on growth although shoot Na levels were greater than 2% of dry weight in NaCl (0.15N and 0.25N) plants. Shoot Cl was a reliable index of the degree of salt injury, for the greater the tissue Cl, the more rapid the onset and the more severe the injury. Root Na and Cl levels were inconsistent and did not reflect the degree of injury observed. Honeylocust, although reportedly highly salt tolerant, was severely injured by exposure to Cl salts and this injury, correlated with shoot tissue analyses, suggested a specific ion effect.
Breeding for Resistance to the Cowpea Curculio in Southern Peas1
Authors: Cuthbert Frank P. , Fery Richard L. , Chambliss Oyette L. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Resistance to the cowpea curculio (Chalcodermus aeneus Boheman), in 16 F5 lines of southern peas [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp], was found to be dependent on various levels of nonpreference, a pod factor inhibiting penetration through the pod wall by the adult, and antibiosis. Each of the 3 mechanisms appeared to be under genetic control and capable of being transmitted to progeny. Probably a line 99% more resistant than ‘California Blackeye’ can be produced by combining the highest levels of the components of resistance; however, selection must be independent for each of the 3 resistance factors.
Selected Growth Regulators Increase Yield of Snap Beans1
Authors: Campbell Raymond E. , Greig J. K. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
A Single foliar spray of 5-chloro,-2-thenyl, tri-n-butyl-phosphonium chloride (CTBP), 90% soluble powder; tetrahydrofur-furyl isothiocyanate (CHE 8570), 47% emulsifiable concentrate; 5-bromo,2-thenyl,tributyl-ammonium chloride (CHE 9064), 50% wettable powder; or 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid (TIBA), 14.2% emulsifiable concentrate, was applied when first flowers opened of ‘Salem’ and ‘Top Crop’ snap beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Treatments of CHE 9064 at 8.72 g/ha and TIBA at 2.32 g/ha significantly increased yield of spring-planted ‘Salem’ in 1971. Treatments of CHE 8570 and CHE 9064 at 11.62 g/ha significantly increased yields of spring-planted ‘Top Crop’ in 1972 due to increased pod set Foliage samples at harvest showed no physiologically significant increase in P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, or Zn for the treated plants compared with the controls.
Ethephon and High Density Plantings Increase Yield of Pickling Cucumbers1
Authors: Hogue E. J. , Heeney H. B. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The application of (2-chloroethyl)phosphonic acid (ethephon) on pickling cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) in the 2 to 3 leaf stage both at 100 and 400 ppm significantly increased the yield and farm value of this crop. A proportionately greater increase in value of the crop was obtained by decreasing the plant spacing from 30 × 30 cm, to 23 × 23 cm or 15 × 15 cm. The treatment yielding the highest value crop was obtained with the plant spacing of 15 × 15 cm and 400 ppm ethephon application.
Abscisic Acid-induced Growth Responses of Tall and Dwarf Tomatoes1
Authors: Aung L. H. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Abscisic acid (ABA) at concentrations ranging from 10-8 to 5 × 10-3M was applied apically with a microsyringe onto seedlings of tall ‘Fireball’ and dwarf ‘Epoch’ tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill). ABA at 10-8M significantly promoted the growth of ‘Fireball’ epictoyl, plumular leaves, final plant weight and leaf area, and at 10-3 to 5 × 10-3M significantly promoted the development of cotyledonary axillary buds. In contrast, the dwarf ‘Epoch’ did not respond to low concentrations of ABA but the growth of the epicotyl, plumular leaves, final leaf area and plant weight were decreased by 5 × 10-3M ABA. However, ABA at the concentrations used had no effect on anthesis date or size of the first 3 inflorescences on the main stem of tall and dwarf tomatoes.
‘TAMU Triple Cross’ Pickling Cucumber1
Authors: Pike L. M. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
‘TAMU Triple Cross’ is a three-way hybrid pickling cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) developed for mechanical harvesting. It is the first American pickling-type hybrid cucumber developed from three inbreds. ‘TAMU Triple Cross’ exhibits several outstanding characteristics including high yield, desirable fruit shape, dark green color, excellent processing qualities both as brinestock and fresh pack, broad spectrum resistance to cucumber diseases, and finally, an improved and less expensive system for production of hybrid seed (1,2,3).
Ontario Horticulture
Authors: Franklin E. W. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The Canadian Province of Ontario lies north of the Great Lakes and borders the States of New York, Ohio, Michigan, Wisconsin, and Minnesota. The total area of these five states is about two-thirds that of Ontario. Ontario’s most southern area is on the same latitude as the north part of California while to the north it stretches to Hudson Bay. Commercial horticultural production is mainly in southern Ontario where favourable soil and climate conditions exist. The horticultural crops grown are similar to those of New York, Ohio and Michigan. Because of the similarities in production and postharvest problems encountered, horticulturists, both professional and growers, move freely back and forth across the border exchanging technical information.
Protecting Horticultural Plants from Atmospheric Pollutants: A Review1
Authors: Ormrod D. P. , Adedipe N. O. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Atmospheric pollutants cause decreased yields, growth suppression and low product quality in both ornamental and vegetable crops, including petunias (23), begonias (45), snapdragons (1), onions (21), beans (70), cucumbers (53), radish (49), tomato (55) and several others (32). Fruit crops most widely injured are grapes (59) and citrus (69). Details of other sensitive plants have been discussed by Rich (57).
In Situ Destruction of Dormant ‘Concord’ Grape Primary Buds Without Secondary Bud Kill1
Authors: Stergios Basil G. , Howell Gordon S. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Field death of dormant primary buds of Vitis labrusca L. cv. Concord may be effectively simulated by in situ puncture with an aluminum needle super-cooled by liquid N2. This allows the subsequent development of the secondary buds for studies of their growth and productivity.
Calcium Concentration in Apple Fruit Resulting from Calcium Chloride Dips Modified by Surfactants and Thickeners1
Authors: Mason J. L. , McDougald J. M. , Drought B. G. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Fruits of ‘Spartan’ apple were dipped in solutions of commercial CaCl2 after harvest to increase their Ca concentration. Fruits were stored until the following June, then the flesh was analyzed for Ca. Undipped fruit contained 203 ppm Ca and fruit dipped in 4% CaCl2 (wt/vol) contained 278 ppm Ca, dry weight basis. When surfactants were added to the CaCl2 solution, the Ca concentration in dipped fruit was 230 to 250 ppm. When thickeners and surfactants were added, the Ca concentration in dipped fruit was 373 to 825 ppm. These results indicate that surfactants reduce the uptake of Ca by fruit from dips but thickners with surfactants increase it
Rooting Capacities of Some Prunus fruticosa × P. avium Hybrids1
Authors: Huallanca Humberto , Cummins J. N. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Rooting capacities of semihard wood cuttings from 33 Prunus fruticosa Pall, × P. avium L. and reciprocal crosses were compared under intermittent mist. Seven selections rooted with greater than 80% success, and 16 clones with less than 30% success. Roots developed from petioles of one clone.
Influence of Nitrogen Fertilization Upon Protein and Nitrate Concentration in Some Vegetable Crops1
Authors: Splittstoesser Walter E. , Vandemark Joseph S. , Khan Syed M. A. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Increasing levels of N fertilizer (22, 45, 112 or 448 kg/ha) significantly increased protein and total fresh weight of the edible portion of lettuce, mustard, collards, cabbage, beets, corn, tomatoes, and peppers. Significant increases in protein and fresh weight of snap beans were observed only at the highest N level. The NO3 concentration in the edible part increased significantly in mustard and collards at all N levels; in lettuce and cabbage at the 2 higher N levels; and in snap beans at the highest N level only. The NO3 concentration was low in beets, corn and peppers. Tomato fruit contained no detectable NO3.
Extreme Dwarf Gourd Cucurbita pepo var. ovifera Alef.1
Authors: Scarchuk John 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In a bush or dwarf breeding line of Cucurbita pepo var. ovifera a plant of extreme dwarf habit with a diameter of only 3.8 dm was found. The mutant proved to be true breeding and F1, F2 and F3 segregations from crosses to normal dwarf and both backcrosses indicated a Single gene difference between normal dwarf and extreme dwarf.
Sensory Evaluation of Muskmelon: Is Soluble Solids Content A Good Quality Index?1
Authors: Aulenbach B. B. , Worthington J. T. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The relationship of soluble solids content (SSC) to sensory quality of several cultivars of muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.) grown in Maryland or California was studied during 3 growing seasons (1970-1972). SSC above 8% was not always associated with high sweetness, flavor, or acceptability. SSC and external color were not highly correlated. Until the relation between SSC and sensory quality has been more thoroughly studied for today’s cultivars, sensory tests should be an integral part of all research involving quality of cantaloupes.
Development of Complete Plantlets from Moderately Vigorous Shoots of Stock Plants of Asparagus In Vitro1
Authors: Yang Hsu-Jen , Clore W. J. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
One-bud segments from moderately vigorous shoots of aseptically grown Asparagus officinalis L. stock plants were cultured on modified Murashige and Skoog’s medium (MMS) containing 0.1 ppm of α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and 6-furfurylamino purine (kinetin). Only 35% of the cultures developed into rooted plantlets. A high percentage of nonrooted plantlets were induced to root by reculturing on fresh MMS medium containing 0.1 ppm NAA. More plantlets rooted if they were older than 4 weeks when recultured on the fresh medium.
Effect of Plant Density on Fruitworm Damage in the Tomato1
Authors: Fery Richard L. , Cuthbert Frank P. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Fruitworm damage in 3 cultivars of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) was highly correlated with plant density. Increases in damage of 31.4 to 67.1% were associated with the increase in density from 1 to 16 plants per 3 m row. This insect damage plant density relationship will affect efficiency of selection for fruitworm resistance in tomato breeding programs.
The Effect of Chlorflurenol on Set and Concentrated Yield of Processing Tomatoes1
Authors: Rudich J. , Rabinowitch H. D. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
A single spraying of 2-chloro-9-hydroxyfluorene-9-carboxylic acid (chlorflurenol) on the foliage increased the set rate of processing tomatoes under conditions of high temperature as compared with untreated control or 4-CPA-treated plants. As the rate applied increased, chlorflurenol inhibited vegetative growth, increased fruit malformation, and decreased the pH of fruit juice (0.1 unit). No differences could be detected in juice viscosity and in total soluble solids of treated and control fruits.
Ontario's Horticultural Research Institute
Authors: Archibald J. A. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
‘Viva’, a new sweet cherry from Vineland, the cover photograph, is the most recent of a long line of sweet cherry cultivar developed here. This year's A.S.H.S. meetings will be held in Ontario along with the Canadian Soceity's meeting. A review of this Province's research program in horticulture is threfore timely.