bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical features and prognosis according to genomic mutations in primary and metastatic lesions of non‐small‐cell lung cancer
Authors: Zhang Wei , Han Wenjuan , Yu Bo , Zhao Xin , Lu Gaojun , Wu Wendy , Zhang Yi 
Published: April 2022

AbstractNon‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is an important cause of cancer‐related death worldwide. The distant metastasis heterogeneity of gene tumor mutations in tumors of NSCLC patients brings critical challenges for treatment. We sequenced the primary tumors and metastatic tissues of 48 NSCLC patients through 363 tumor‐related gene panels to examine gene mutations in primary tumors and metastatic tissues, and screen candidate carcinogenic and metastatic‐related driver mutations. The patient group included 21 patients in the metastatic group and 27 patients in the non‐metastatic group. The patient's median age was 62 years and 54% (26/48) of patients were women. Approximately 75% (36/48) of patients were non‐smokers. The mutation spectrum results showed that epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene mutation was the most frequent mutation (68.75%), followed by TP53 mutation (45.83%); 19del accounted for the largest proportion of EGFR mutations. Copy number variation (CNV) mutation spectrum results showed that EGFR amplification was more common in the metastatic group than the non‐metastatic group. The mutant‐allele tumor heterogeneity value of the metastatic group was higher than that of the non‐metastatic group (p = 0.013). The progression‐free survival of the metastatic group was significantly shorter than that in the non‐metastatic group (p = 0.041). Single nucleotide variant difference analysis showed that the frequency of TP53 mutations was higher in the metastasis group. The number of subclonal mutations in the primary and metastatic lesions in the metastasis group was significantly different; the number of subclonal sites in metastatic lesions was higher than that in primary lesions. Our results suggested that the gene mutations of NSCLC in primary and metastatic lesions and identified specific mutations related to metastasis of NSCLC. Our research will help to clarify key differences between gene mutations between primary and metastatic NSCLC. These findings will help to provide new theoretical support for the future targeted therapy of metastatic NSCLC.
Antagonistic Cooperation: Factional Competition in the Shadow of Elections
Authors: Invernizzi Giovanna M. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIntra‐party competition is widespread and affects political parties' strength. This article presents a model of elections in which intra‐party factions can devote resources to campaigning for the party or undermining competing factions to obtain more power. The model shows that inter‐ and intra‐party competition are substitutes: Internal competition increases when the electoral stakes are low – for example, in consensus democracies granting power to losing parties – because the incentives to focus on the fight for internal power increase. Similarly, an increase in party polarization incentivizes factions to campaign to avoid a more costly electoral loss. Factions in the moderate party campaign more than those in the extreme party; conversely, when factions in the same party are ideologically divided, extreme factions campaign more. Finally, the model studies how internal rules affect intra‐party competition, showing how parties design internal contests among factions to maximize campaigning.
Psychometric parameters of food allergy quality of life during an allergen immunotherapy trial
Authors: Lins de Holanda Coelho Gabriel , DunnGalvin Audrey , Greenhawt Matthew , Hourihane Jonathan O'B , Fleischer David M. , Chen Gang , Shaker Marcus , Campbell Dianne E. , Green Todd D. , Bégin Philippe 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe Food Allergy Quality of Life Questionnaire–Parent Form (FAQLQ‐PF) is a commonly used patient‐reported outcome measure in food allergy (FA) research. It was developed before FA treatment clinical trials were commonplace and is used as a secondary outcome measure in pivotal FA treatment trials. We examined the psychometric properties of the FAQLQ‐PF and its relevance to children with peanut allergy engaged in an epicutaneous immunotherapy (EPIT) clinical trial.MethodsAnalysis was performed on 26 universally answered items of the FAQLQ‐PF, from assessments undertaken during the phase 3 PEPITES study (baseline, Month 12), which examined the safety and efficacy of EPIT for children with peanut allergy aged 4–11 years. Item response theory (IRT) was used to assess psychometric parameters of the FAQLQ‐PF (i.e., discrimination, difficulty, and information). Confirmatory factor analysis was also employed; reliability was assessed using McDonald's omega (ω) and Cronbach's alpha (α).ResultsA total of 23 of 26 items presented very high discrimination levels (>1.7), and all 26 fell within the recommended difficulty threshold (between −1.5 and 1.5). The items contributed a reasonable information level for their respective factors/subdomains. The measure also presented a marginally acceptable model fit for the 3‐factor structure (e.g., comparative fit index = 0.88, Tucker–Lewis index = 0.87) and good reliability levels across time points (ω and α > 0.90).ConclusionsHerein, we present a novel reanalysis of the FAQLQ‐PF items using IRT. The longitudinal performance of individual items and subscales was corroborated, and items with the highest discrimination were identified, showing that the tool is suitable for longitudinal measurements in FA treatment trials.
Research on the building materials of adobe house in the Neolithic period at the Qingtai site, China
Authors: Hu Wenjing , Liu Xiaobin , Fang Shiqiang , Chen Xueqiang , Gu Wanfa , Wei Qingli 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAs one of the earthwork building methods, the adobe masonry has a long history around the world. In 2015, the Zhengzhou Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology discovered the earliest adobe house in Prehistoric China at the Qingtai Site. In this work, physical properties, material composition, and microstructure of the adobe brick and other earth samples gathered in this adobe house were studied. The results showed that the density and surface hardness of the adobe brick reached 2.12 g/cm and 91 HA, which was second only to the rammed house floor sample. The adobe brick contained about 13.2% of plant fiber, and in its inorganic composition, the clay cement with particle size less than 0.075 mm accounted for 90%. The results of XRD analysis showed that the content of kaolinite in adobe brick was 2–5 times that of other samples. The structure analysis displayed that the adobe brick was much more compact, and its porosity was about 28.6%. These research results demonstrated that the adobe brick was formed under a certain pressure and its raw materials were different from those of other samples in this adobe house.
Tax breaks for incentive pay, productivity and wages: Evidence from a reform in Italy
Authors: Damiani Mirella , Pompei Fabrizio , Ricci Andrea 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis paper analyses the impact of a tax break on incentive pay (introduced in Law n. 208/2015) on labour productivity and average wages in Italian firms. We use a unique source of firm‐level information drawn from a large representative survey of Italian firms merged with the ORBIS archive. By applying difference‐in‐differences methods, we obtain the following results. First, the tax break has a positive effect on both labour productivity and average wages, although the positive effect on average wages is not confirmed by robustness tests. Second, productivity impacts are mainly driven by family firms in northern regions, where firms benefit from the more dynamic business environment in which they operate. These results take into account unobserved heterogeneity and endogeneity issues.
Rezūm therapy for ≥80‐mL benign prostatic enlargement: a large, multicentre cohort study
Authors: Elterman Dean , Bhojani Naeem , Vannabouathong Christopher , Chughtai Bilal , Zorn Kevin C. 
Published: April 2022

ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of Rezūm therapy in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) patients with prostates ≥80 mL.MethodsA prospective registry was established at two high‐volume Canadian centres. Patients had baseline medical history documented, and uroflowmetry and questionnaire results were recorded over 12 months.ResultsEighty‐three patients (median [interquartile range {IQR}] age 69.2 [63.2, 74.8] years) with a prostate size ≥80 mL were included. The median (IQR) prostate volume was 100.0 (88.5, 115.0) mL and 65% had a median lobe. Twenty‐one patients had prior urinary retention. The median (IQR) number of injections was 13 (11, 15) and catheterization duration was 9 (7, 14) days. International Prostate Symptom Scores (IPSSs) improved by 24%, 57% and 59% at 1, 3 and 12 months, respectively (P < 0.001). IPSS Quality of Life (QoL) scores improved by 27%, 56% and 70% at these same timepoints (P < 0.001). Maximum urinary flow rate improved by 55% at 3 months (P = 0.002) and 59% at 12 months, and post‐void residual urine volume improved by 58% at 3 months (P = 0.006). BPH Impact Index scores improved by 57% at 3 months and 71% at 12 months. International Index of Erectile Function‐15 scores improved by 15% at 6 months, and Male Sexual Health Questionnaire for Ejaculatory Dysfunction scores improved by 22.4% at 1 month. Three patients (3.6%) noted reduced/anejaculation. No events of Clavien–Dindo grade III or higher occurred.ConclusionThis study demonstrates, for the first time, the safety and efficacy of Rezūm therapy in large glands >80 mL. IPSS improved by 59% and IPSS QoL score improved by 70% at 12 months. Objective maximum urinary flow measures improved at 12 months by 59%, while erectile and ejaculatory function remained preserved.
“My name on the door by the Professor's name”: The process of recruiting a researcher with a learning disability at a UK university
Authors: Anderson Rebecca J. , Keagan‐Bull Richard , Giles Jo , Tuffrey‐Wijne Irene 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe advantages of including people with learning disabilities in research teams have been well described, but it is rare for researchers with learning disabilities to be employed at a university. This paper explores the extent to which university recruitment procedures are accessible to job applicants with learning disabilities.MethodsWe present reflections on the process of recruiting a Research Assistant with a learning disability onto a university research team. The recruitment process is described from the perspectives of the employee, line manager and Human Resources representative.FindingsThe recruiting manager and Human Resources representative had to make adjustments to a wide range of standard processes, including centralised online recruitment systems that were difficult to navigate, inaccessible job descriptions and difficult application forms. Finding workarounds to ensure reasonable adjustments were made was time‐consuming. The employee needed significant support from within his own networks to cope with the application process and had concerns about the potential impact of fixed‐term job contracts on future benefits. Despite our efforts, procedures remained difficult for the applicants to navigate.ConclusionsEmploying researchers with learning disabilities is important. Fundamental changes to job application systems are required, including easy‐to‐understand information, alternative formats of application forms, and support available where needed. Flexibility from the Human Resources departments is key. They will need support from teams with experience working with people with learning disabilities.
Effect of the most common wound antiseptics on human skin fibroblasts
Authors: Rueda-Fernández Manuel , Melguizo-Rodríguez Lucía , Costela-Ruiz Víctor J. , de Luna-Bertos Elvira , Ruiz Concepción , Ramos-Torrecillas Javier , Illescas-Montes Rebeca 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundAntiseptics are used for the cleansing of acute or chronic wounds to eliminate micro-organisms from the wound bed. However, they have effects on the skin cells.AimTo determine the effects of hexetidine, povidone–iodine (PI), undecylenamidopropyl-betaine/polyhexanide (UBP), chlorhexidine, disodium eosin and hydrogen peroxide on human skin fibroblasts.MethodsCCD-1064Sk cells were treated with hexetidine, PI, UBP, chlorhexidine, disodium eosin or hydrogen peroxide. Spectrophotometry was used to measure cell viability and flow cytometry was used to study apoptosis and necrosis after the treatment. In vitro wound scratch assays were performed to determine the gap closure.ResultsAll antiseptics significantly reduced the viability of human skin fibroblasts compared with controls. The percentage wound closure was lower with hexetidine, PI and UBP. The scratch assay could not be measured after treatments with chlorhexidine, disodium eosin or hydrogen peroxide, owing to their cytotoxicity. The apoptosis/necrosis experiments evidenced a significant reduction in viable cells compared with controls. An increased percentage of apoptotic cells was observed after treatment with all antiseptics. Compared with controls, the percentage of necrotic cells was significantly increased with all antiseptics except for hexetidine.ConclusionThe proliferation, migration and viability of human skin fibroblasts are reduced by treatment with hexetidine, PI, UBP, chlorhexidine, disodium eosin and hydrogen peroxide.
Three‐dimensional analysis of the palatal morphology in growing patients with Apert syndrome and Crouzon syndrome
Authors: Ogura Kenji , Kobayashi Yukiho , Hikita Rina , Tsuji Michiko , Moriyama Keiji 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPatients with Apert syndrome or Crouzon syndrome present with severe defects in oral‐maxillofacial growth and development. In this study, we conducted a quantitative three‐dimensional (3D) analysis of the palatal morphology of patients with Apert syndrome and Crouzon syndrome. Four patients with Apert syndrome (average age, 11.0 ± 0.8 years) and five with Crouzon syndrome (average age, 10.1 ± 1.6 years) were investigated. The participants' maxillary dental casts were scanned and analyzed using 3D imaging. Palatal width, depth, cross‐sectional area, and palatal angle (PW, PD, PCA, and PA, respectively) were measured, and standard scores were calculated based on sex‐ and age‐matched Japanese standard values; the actual palatal surface areas (PSA) and palatal volumes (PV) were also measured. Our results show that patients with Apert syndrome and Crouzon syndrome had a very narrow PW (standard score: −3.79 and − 0.47, respectively). 3D analysis revealed that patients with Apert syndrome had a significantly shallower PD (standard score: −1.35) than those with Crouzon syndrome (standard score: 2.47), resulting in a smaller PCA (standard score: −5.13), PSA (5.49 cm2), and PV (1.11 cm3) and larger PA (standard score: −0.12) than those in patients with Crouzon syndrome. This might be due to the former having a narrower and shallower palate caused by the predominant swelling of the palatal mucosa. These findings improve our understanding of the differences in palatal morphology between Apert syndrome and Crouzon syndrome patients.
Prosthetic complications and maintenance of different attachments used to stabilize mandibular 2‐implant overdentures in patients with atrophied ridges. A 5‐year randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: ELsyad Moustafa Abdou , Abdraboh Abdelrahman Elsaid , Denewar Mohamed Mahmoud , Mohamed Shahinaz Sayed 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPurposeThis randomized clinical trial aimed to evaluate prosthetic complications and maintenance of different attachments used to stabilize mandibular 2‐implant overdentures in patients with atrophied ridges.MethodsNinety edentulous patients with a maladaptive capacity of wearing conventional dentures due to mandibular ridge atrophy received 2‐implants in the canine regions using computer‐guided surgery. The patients were randomly assigned into three groups; (1) Bar group: overdentures were connected to the implants with bar/clip attachments, (2) Telescopic group: overdentures were connected to the implants using a resilient telescopic attachment, and (3) Stud group: overdentures were connected to the implants with resilient stud (Locator) attachments. Prosthetic complications of attachments, mandibular overdentures, and maxillary dentures, and soft tissue complications of mandibular overdentures and maxillary dentures were evaluated 1 year (T1), 3 years (T3), and 5 years (T5) after denture insertion.ResultsThe majority of prosthetic and soft tissue complications for all groups occurred in the first year. The most frequent prosthetic complication was wear/distortion of retentive components of locator and telescopic attachments and activation of clips of bar attachment. The bar group showed the highest incidence of overdenture relines, fractures, hyperplasia, maxillary denture mucositis, and soreness. The telescopic group showed the highest incidence of screw loosening, teeth wear/fracture, maxillary denture relines, fractures, teeth wear, teeth separation, and flappy ridges. The stud group recorded the highest incidence of wear and replacement of retentive components.ConclusionFor 2‐implant overdentures in patients with atrophied mandibles, bar attachments showed the highest incidence of complications related to mandibular overdentures, telescopic attachments showed the highest incidence of complications related to maxillary dentures, and stud attachments showed the highest incidence of complications related to the attachment components.
Role of Rph3A in brain injury induced by experimental cerebral ischemia‐reperfusion model in rats
Authors: Zhu Xianlong , Li Haiying , You Wanchun , Yu Zhengquan , Wang Zongqi , Shen Haitao , Li Xiang , Yu Hao , Wang Zhong , Chen Gang 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAimThe aim was to study the role of Rph3A in neuronal injury induced by cerebral ischemia‐reperfusion.MethodsThe protein and mRNA levels of Rph3A in penumbra were detected by Western blot. The localization of Rph3A in different cell types in penumbra was detected by immunofluorescence. Apoptosis in the brain was detected by TUNEL staining. We tested neurobehavioral evaluation using rotarod test, adhesive‐removal test, and Morris Water maze test. We examined the expression and localization of Rph3A in cultured neurons and astrocytes in vitro by Western blot and ELISA, respectively.ResultsThe mRNA and protein levels of Rph3A had significantly increased in brain penumbra of the rat MCAO/R model. Rph3A was mainly distributed in neurons and astrocytes and was significantly increased by MCAO/R. We downregulated Rph3A and found that it further worsened the cerebral infarct, neuronal death and behavioral, cognitive, and memory impairments in rats after MCAO/R. We also found that ischemia‐reperfusion upregulated the in vitro protein level and secretion of Rph3A in astrocytes but led to a decrease in the protein level of Rph3A in neurons.ConclusionThe increase in Rph3A in the brain penumbra may be an endogenous protective mechanism against ischemia‐reperfusion injury, which is mainly dominated by astrocytes.
To talk or not?: An analysis of firm‐initiated social media communication's impact on firm value preservation during a massive disruption across multiple firms and industries
Authors: Srinivasan Ravi , Jha Ashish Kumar , Verma Nishant Kumar 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWe examine the role of firm‐initiated social media communication using Twitter in mitigating the negative impact of large‐scale disruptions, such as the Covid‐19 pandemic, on the shareholder value of firms. We develop our hypotheses using signaling theory and test them using data collected from Twitter and Bloomberg®. Our data set consists of 121,988 firm‐generated tweets from 467 S&P 500 firms collected in March 2020 at the time of the lockdown announcement in the United States. We find that frequent and relevant communication reduces latency and increases the observability of messages, preserving a firm's shareholder value. We also find that a positive outlook and extent of interest from stakeholders results in preserving shareholder value. On average, firms lost about 1.08% of their market value per day (about 9.72% during the 9‐day period around the lockdown announcement). Our study contributes to the extant literature in three ways: (1) adds to the literature on disruptions–shareholder value by considering large‐scale disruptions such as the Covid‐19 pandemic, (2) highlights informational and communication elements of risk management strategy, and (3) adds to the growing body of literature on Twitter by considering firm‐generated tweets. The results of our study are of importance to managers as well. For instance, firms tweeted about 57 times per week, and each additional tweet could preserve about $5.85 million of a firm's market valuation, on average. Also, it is not enough that the firms took appropriate actions during a large‐scale disruption; they also need to communicate their actions and its implications to their stakeholders effectively. These results can help managers devise their Twitter communication strategy during large‐scale disruptions.
Association of heart rate variability with progression of retinopathy among adults with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Kaze Arnaud D. , Yuyun Matthew F. , Ahima Rexford S. , Sachdeva Mira M. , Echouffo‐Tcheugui Justin B. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAimWe evaluated the associations of heart rate variability (HRV) with incident vision‐threatening retinopathy and retinopathy progression among adults with type 2 diabetes.MethodsParticipants recruited to the ACCORD (Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes) study with HRV measures at baseline were analysed. HRV measures included standard deviation of all normal‐to‐normal intervals (SDNN) and root mean square of successive differences between normal‐to‐normal intervals (rMSSD). Low SDNN was defined as SDNN <8.2 ms; low rMSSD as rMSSD <8.0 ms. We used multivariable adjusted Cox proportional hazards and modified Poisson regression models to generate risk estimates for incident vision‐threatening retinopathy and retinopathy progression, respectively.ResultsA total of 5810 participants without incident vision‐threatening retinopathy at baseline (mean age 62 years, 40.5% women, 63.5% White) were included. Over a median of 4.7 years, 280 incident vision‐threatening retinopathy cases requiring treatment occurred. Low HRV (vs. normal HRV) was associated with higher risk of incident vision‐threatening retinopathy (adjusted hazard ratio 1.32 [95%CI 1.03–1.71] and 1.14 [95%CI 1.01–1.28] for low SDNN and rMSSD, respectively). In the subset of 2184 participants with complete eye examinations at baseline and 4 years, 191 experienced retinopathy progression, and low HRV (vs. normal HRV) was associated with a higher risk of retinopathy progression (adjusted relative risks 1.36 [95%CI 1.01–1.83] and 1.36 [95%CI 1.01–1.84] for low SDNN and rMSSD, respectively).ConclusionsCardiac autonomic neuropathy, as assessed by low HRV, was independently associated with increased risks of incident vision‐threatening retinopathy and overall retinopathy progression in a large cohort of adults with type 2 diabetes.