bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
COVID‐19‐associated coagulopathy in children: A multicenter observational cohort study
Authors: Zabeida Alexandra , Winikoff Rochelle , Pelland‐Marcotte Marie‐Claude , Charlebois Janie , Sabapathy Christine 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSARS‐CoV‐2 infection (coronavirus disease 2019 [COVID‐19]) induces a stark procoagulant state, with many hospitalized adults developing thrombosis despite prophylactic anticoagulation. This study aimed to characterize hemostatic parameters and associated clinical outcomes of COVID‐19, such as thrombosis and bleeding, in children and to assess thromboprophylaxis use. This multicenter observational cohort study included 79 patients aged up to 18 years admitted to all pediatric hospitals in Québec, Canada, with SARS‐CoV‐2 infection during a 5‐month period. D‐dimers were elevated in 18/19 patients (94.7%) and fibrinogen in 15/26 patients (60%). Eleven patients (13.9%) received anticoagulant thromboprophylaxis. One thrombotic event and one major bleed were observed.
Updates in idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis in 2022: A state of the art review
Authors: Saha Biplab K. , Aiman Alexis , Chong Woon Hean , Saha Santu , Song Jini , Bonnier Alyssa 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis manuscript reports the recent advances in idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis (IPH), a rare cause of diffuse alveolar hemorrhage in children and adults. This narrative review of the literature summarizes different aspects of IPH, including proposed pathogenesis, patient demographics, clinical and radiological characteristics, treatment, and prognosis. Additionally, the association between Celiac Disease (CD) and IPH is carefully evaluated. IPH is a frequently misdiagnosed disease. The delay in the diagnosis of IPH is often significant but fortunately, appears to have decreased in recent years. IPH in adults and children have distinct demographic preferences. The autoantibodies are common in IPH but with a definite difference between the adult and pediatric populations. The definitive diagnosis of IPH requires lung biopsy and careful exclusion of all competing diagnoses, even with lung biopsy showing bland pulmonary hemorrhage. The presence of nonspecific inflammatory cells or lymphoid aggregates may suggest a secondary immunologic phenomenon and needs careful evaluation and follow‐up. A substantial number of patients suffer from coexisting CD, also known as Lane−Hamilton syndrome (LHS), and all patients with IPH need to be evaluated for LHS by serology. Although strict gluten free diet can manage the majority of patients with LHS, other patients generally require immunosuppressive therapy. The corticosteroids are the backbone of IPH therapy. Recently utilized experimental treatment options include mesenchymal stem cell transplant, liposteroid and bronchial artery embolization. The immunosuppression should be adjusted to achieve optimal disease control. Patients may progress to end‐stage lung disease despite all measures, and lung transplantation may be the only viable option.
Imidacloprid‐resistant Aphis gossypii populations are more common in cotton‐dominated landscapes
Authors: Mahas John W. , Steury Todd D. , Huseth Anders S. , Rogers Stephanie R , Jacobson Alana L. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDWidespread reports of reduced efficacy of imidacloprid for managing cotton aphids (Aphis gossypii Glover) in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) prompted an investigation to characterize the susceptibility of 43 populations over a 2‐year period. The susceptibility of A. gossypii populations to imidacloprid was examined by calculating LC50 values. Further analyses related resistance assay results to a gradient of cotton production intensity.RESULTSConcentration‐mortality bioassays documencted populations that were 4.26–607.16 times more resistant than the susceptible laboratory population. There was a significant positive relationship between LC50 values and percentage of cotton within 2.5‐ and 5‐km buffers surrounding collection sites. No significant relationship was detected between LC50 values and the percentage of alternative crop and noncrop hosts.CONCLUSIONVariable and high levels of resistance were detected in A. gossypii populations, and this variation was positively associated with cotton production intensity. Cotton is a host that may receive multiple applications of neonicotinoids (via seed treatment and foliar sprays) annually for seedling and mid‐season pests. Rotating modes of action and limiting insecticide use should be implemented to delay the evolution of insecticide resistance in A. gossypii populations. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
N‐Benzoyl‐4‐dimethylaminopyridinium Chloride: A Lewis Base Adduct for Efficient Poly and Monobenzoylation
Authors: Shekunti Ravi Kumar , Tangalipalli Swathi , Dhonthulachitty Chiranjeevi , Kothakapu Sridhar Reddy , Annapurna Padmavathi Devarakonda , Neella Chandra Kiran 
Published: November 2022

AbstractN‐benzoyl‐4‐dimethylaminopyridinium chloride [DMAPBz]+Cl− was efficiently employed for polybenzoylation of triols and tetrols without epimerization and elimination products. This Lewis base adduct has also been employed for regioselective monobenzoylation of polyols obtained from D‐pentoses. Further an eco‐friendly monobenzoylation of phenols, amines and alcohols was achieved in water as a solvent without using a base and chromatographic purification of the products. Chemoselective monobenzoylation and recovery of the DMAP is an added advantage of our protocol.
Design, Synthesis, Antimicrobial Screening and Docking Studies of Newer 1,4‐Dihydropyridine tethered Chalcone Hybrids
Authors: Kumar Rakesh , Kumar Dhiraj , Upadhyay Ravindra Kumar , Deswal Nidhi , Takkar Priya , Kareem Abdul , Kumar Vinod , Kumar Lalita S 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe evolution of antimicrobial drug resistance demands the development of more effective therapeutics that are more potent with reduced side effects. In the present study, we reported the design and synthesis of 1,4‐dihydropyridine clubbed with chalcone hybrids in excellent yields. Further, the biological assessment of these 1‐phenyl‐3‐dihydropyridine‐prop‐2‐en‐one chalcone hybrids as antimicrobial agents was accomplished against strains E.coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Salmonella typhi, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans (Yeast), Aspergillus niger, Alternaria solani and Fusarium oxysporum by well diffusion method in terms of zone of inhibition (in mm). Some Hybrids displayed the best anti‐microbial activity against all the tested strains. A molecular docking study was performed for the most active compounds and showed the best binding pose with the highest binding score within the active sites of S. aureus DNA gyrase complexed with DNA and Lanosterol 14α‐demethylase. These novel products evolved as promising leads for the future development of more potent anti‐microbial compounds.
Palladium Nanoparticles Entrapped In a Hydrogen Bonded Crystalline Organic Salt Matrix as a Selective Heterogeneous Reduction Catalyst
Authors: Kuznetsova Svetlana A. , Yunusov Safar M. , Gak Alexander S. , Riazanov Vladimir I. , Nelyubina Yulia V. , Barker Ryan , North Michael , Zhereb Vladimir P. , Khakina Ekaterina A. , Naumkin Alexander , Lobanov Nikolai N. , Khrustalev Victor N. , Chusov Denis , Kalyuzhnaya Elena S. , Belokon Yuri N. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA new class of palladium nanoparticles encapsulated in an organic crystalline salt matrix Pd@F2 (A‐2) was developed. Matrix A‐2 was readily prepared by mixing an aqueous solution of the tetrasodium salt of tetraphenylmethane‐tetrasulfonate and the PdCl4 salt of protonated tetrakis(4‐aminophenyl)under hydrogen in water. Matrix A‐2 contained 17–20 % of palladium and was not pyrophoric. The average size of the palladium metal particles was 7 nm. Matrix A‐2 could be used as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst for the reduction of acetylene derivatives and had activity similar to that of Pd/C. The catalyst could be recovered and reused several times with just one four‐hundredth of the palladium leaching after the first cycle. The reduction of diphenylacetylene could be selectively stopped at the cis‐stilbene stage after one equivalent of hydrogen was absorbed. The same selective conversion could also be accomplished with terminal acetylenes. Matrix A‐2 reduced aldehyde and epoxide groups very slowly which allowed the selective reduction of the acetylenes in the presence of aldehydes. This behavior contrasts with that of Pd/C which reduces both aldehyde and acetylene groups simultaneously. A model, suggesting the selective imbedding of the aldehyde groups in the organic F2 matrix of A‐2, isolating them from the palladium active sites, explains the observed phenomena.
Ultrasound‐Mediated Synthesis of New (Piperazine‐Chromene)‐Linked Bis(thieno[2,3‐b]pyridine) Hybrids as Potential Anti‐acetylcholinesterase
Authors: Sanad Sherif M. H. , Mekky Ahmed E. M. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractUsing ultrasound irradiation and the eco‐friendly piperazine, two series of (piperazine‐chromene)‐linked bis(thieno[2,3‐b]pyridine) hybrids attached to various arene or chromene units were efficiently prepared. Therefore, the target hybrids were prepared by reacting bis(pyridine‐2(1H)‐thione) with two equivalents of the appropriate α‐haloketones in the presence of 1.4 equivalents of piperazine. The reaction mixture was subjected to ultrasonic irradiations at 60 °C for 20–40 min to produce the desired products in 87–96 % yields. At concentrations of 15 and 25 μM, new hybrids were tested for anti‐acetylcholinesterase activity, as well as their ability to quench DPPH free radicals at a concentration of 25 μg/mL. Generally, the chromene unit attached to thienopyridine‐C2 has a significant effect on the inhibitory activity of the new hybrids. Moreover, the electronic properties of the substituent attached to the chromene‐C6 unit influence the inhibitory activity. The bis(thienopyridine) hybrid attached to 6‐methoxy‐2H‐chromen‐2‐one units demonstrated the best anti‐acetylcholinesterase activity at the previous concentrations, with inhibition percentages of 69.1 and 85.4. Additionally, with an inhibition percentage of 84.4, the previous hybrid demonstrated the most effective anti‐DPPH activity.
Alginate‐Based Bio‐Nanohybrids with Unique Properties for Biomedical Applications
Authors: Qamar Shahzaib , Karim Sana , Aslam Samina , Jahangeer Muhammad , Nelofer Rubina , Nadeem Abad Ali , Qamar Sarmad Ahmad , Jesionowski Teofil , Bilal Muhammad 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAlginate is among the widely applied polysaccharide‐based biomaterial owing to its natural occurrence, chemical versatility, non‐toxicity, environmental friendliness, unique biocompatibility, biodegradability, and mucoadhesive attributes. Nevertheless, it is associated with some demerits, such as inadequate mechanical features and biological activity that hamper broad‐spectrum biomedical scope. Different biopolymeric and nanomaterials have been incorporated into the alginate framework to develop robust nanoplatforms with desired functionalities to overcome this inadequacy. Hybrids of alginate with biopolymers and nanostructured materials improve its mechanical and physicochemical characteristics and may also boost its biological activity. This review aimed to summarize the ongoing progress in alginate‐based nanoplatforms for potential applications in biomedical sectors. Combining alginate with biopolymers (chitosan, starch) and nanostructured materials (silica nanoparticles, graphene oxide nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes/nanorods, and metal oxide nanoparticles) are particularly discussed for drug delivery, wound dressing, tissue engineering, and 3D bioprinting applications. The ongoing challenging facets and futuristic directions on alginate blends are also spotlighted. The alginate‐based hybrids will likely demonstrate biocompatibility, enhanced cell adhesion, cell proliferation, desired mechanical strength, and excellent mineralization. Therefore, they are considered bio‐inspired materials for futuristic biomedical applications.
Deep learning algorithm reveals probabilities of stage‐specific time to conversion in individuals with neurodegenerative disease LATE
Authors: Wu Xinxing , Peng Chong , Nelson Peter T. , Cheng Qiang 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIntroductionLimbic‐predominant age‐related TAR DNA‐binding protein 43 (TDP‐43) encephalopathy (LATE) is a recently defined neurodegenerative disease. Currently, there is no effective way to make a prognosis of time to stage‐specific future conversions at an individual level.MethodsAfter using the Kaplan–Meier estimation and log‐rank test to confirm the heterogeneity of LATE progression, we developed a deep learning–based approach to assess the stage‐specific probabilities of time to LATE conversions for different subjects.ResultsOur approach could accurately estimate the disease incidence and transition to next stages: the concordance index was at least 82% and the integrated Brier score was less than 0.14. Moreover, we identified the top 10 important predictors for each disease conversion scenario to help explain the estimation results, which were clinicopathologically meaningful and most were also statistically significant.DiscussionOur study has the potential to provide individualized assessment for future time courses of LATE conversions years before their actual occurrence.
Wo ein Wille, da ein Weg? Migrationspolitik in ländlichen Räumen
Authors: Younso Christin , Schammann Hannes 
Published: November 2022

ZusammenfassungDas Kapitel fokussiert lokale Politiken zu Migration und Vielfalt. Als Grundlage dient ein konzeptionelles Modell, das vier Gruppen von Einflussfaktoren benennt: den institutionellen Rahmen (z. B. rechtliche Spielräume), strukturelle Bedingungen (z. B. Daten zu Ländlichkeit oder Ausländeranteil), lokale Diskurse (z. B. gefestigte Narrative im Zusammenhang mit Migration) sowie lokale Schlüsselakteur*innen (d. h. Bürgermeister*innen, Verwaltung, Zivilgesellschaft). Das Kapitel analysiert die Entstehung ländlicher Politiken exemplarisch anhand ausgewählter Integrationsdimensionen sowie in ihrem übergreifenden Steuerungsanspruch.
Alltagsmobilität und Erreichbarkeit: Schlüsselfaktoren für Teilhabechancen und Bleibeorientierungen der Geflüchteten in ländlichen Regionen
Authors: Mehl Peter , Kordel Stefan , Meschter Diana , Schneider Hanne , Spenger David , Weidinger Tobias 
Published: November 2022

ZusammenfassungDas Kapitel nimmt die Rolle von Alltagsmobilität in den Blick und bestätigt deren Stellenwert für die Teilhabe von Geflüchteten in ländlichen Regionen. Ein zentraler Faktor hierfür ist der Zugang zum motorisierten Individualverkehr. Geflüchtete nehmen dies wahr, passen sich den lokalen Mobilitätspraktiken an, entwickeln aber auch eigene Strategien im Umgang mit der bestehenden Mobilitätssituation. Werden sie dabei von lokaler Politik und Zivilgesellschaft unterstützt, kann das wesentlich dazu beigetragen, mobilitätsbedingte Exklusion zu verringern.
Geflüchtete in ländlichen Regionen: Zentrale Befunde, konzeptionelle Überlegungen und methodische Reflexionen
Authors: Schammann Hannes , Fick Johanna , Glorius Birgit , Kordel Stefan , Mehl Peter 
Published: November 2022

ZusammenfassungIm Schlusskapitel fassen wir zentrale Ergebnisse des Verbundforschungsprojekts zusammen und reflektieren unsere Erfahrungen im Hinblick auf zukünftige Forschungsbemühungen. Dabei geht es um die Relevanz und Spezifika der Integrationsdimensionen für die Teilhabe von Geflüchteten sowie die Frage, welche Faktoren eine erfolgreiche Verbindung zwischen Maßnahmen zur Teilhabe Geflüchteter und zur Entwicklung ländlicher Regionen begünstigt oder erschwert haben. Ausgehend von unseren Projekterfahrungen diskutieren wir zudem Theorien und Konzepte der Migrationsforschung und reflektieren methodische Herausforderungen.
Standard Model predictions for lepton flavour universality ratios of inclusive semileptonic B decays
Authors: Rahimi Muslem , Vos K. Keri 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
We present Standard Model predictions for lepton flavour universality ratios of inclusive B → X(c)$$ \ell {\overline{\nu}}_{\ell } $$
ℓ

ν
¯

ℓ

. For the ℓ = μ, e, these ratios are very close to unity as expected. For the τ mode, we update the SM prediction for the branching ratio including power-corrections in the heavy-quark expansion up to 1/$$ {m}_b^3 $$

m
b
3

. These inclusive ratios serve as an important cross-check of the exclusive B → D(*)$$ \ell {\overline{\nu}}_{\ell } $$
ℓ

ν
¯

ℓ

modes, in which tensions exists between the predictions and measurements in those modes.
The impact of different alignment strategies on bone cuts for neutral knee phenotypes in total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Schelker Benjamin L. , Moret Céline S. , von Eisenhart-Rothe Rüdiger , Graichen Heiko , Arnold Markus P. , Leclercq Vincent , Huegli Rolf W. , Hirschmann Michael T. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this study was to simulate and visualise the influence of the alignment strategy on bone resection in neutral knee phenotypes. It was hypothesised that different amounts of bone resection would be required depending on the alignment strategy chosen. The hypothesis was that by visualising the corresponding bone cuts, it would be possible to assess which of the different alignment strategies required the least change to the soft tissues for the chosen phenotype but still ensured acceptable component alignment and could, therefore, be considered the most ideal alignment strategy.MethodsSimulations of the different alignment strategies (mechanical, anatomical, restricted kinematic and unrestricted kinematic) regarding their bone resections were performed on four common exemplary neutral knee phenotypes.NEUHKA0° VARFMA90° VALTMA90°, NEUHKA0° NEUFMA93° NEUTMA87°, NEUHKA0° VALFMA96° NEUTMA87° andNEUHKA0°VALFMA99° VARTMA84°.The phenotype system used categorises knees based on overall limb alignment (i.e. hip knee angle) but also considers joint line obliquity (i.e. TKA and FMA) and has been used globally since its introduction in 2019. These simulations are based on long leg weightbearing radiographs. It is assumed that a change of 1° in the alignment of the joint line corresponds to correspond to 1 mm of distal condyle offset.ResultsIn the most common neutral phenotypeNEUHKA0° NEUFMA93° NEUTMA87°, with a prevalence of 30%, bone cuts remain below 4 mm regardless of alignment strategy. The greatest changes in the obliquity of the joint line can be expected for the mechanical alignment of the phenotypeNEUHKA0° VALFMA99° VARTMA84°where the medial tibia is raised by 6 mm and the lateral femur is shifted distally by 9 mm. In contrast, theNEUHKA0° VARFMA90° VALTMA90°phenotype requires no change in joint line obliquity if the mechanical alignment strategy is used.ConclusionIllustrations of alignment strategies help the treating surgeon to estimate the postoperative joint line obliquity. When considering the alignment strategy, it seems reasonable to prefer a strategy where the joint line obliquity is changed as little as possible. Although for the most common neutral knee phenotype the choice of alignment strategy seems to be of negligible importance, in general, even for neutral phenotypes, large differences in bone cuts can be observed depending on the choice of alignment strategy.
Autologous chondrocyte implantation in the knee is effective in skeletally immature patients: a systematic review
Authors: Migliorini Filippo , Eschweiler Joerg , Prinz Julia , Weber Christian David , Hofmann Ulf Krister , Hildebrand Frank , Maffulli Nicola 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Purpose
This systematic review evaluated the efficacy and safety of autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI) for chondral defects of the knee in skeletally immature patients. Current available data from patients reported outcome measures (PROMs) and complications were collected, analyzed, and discussed.

Methods
This systematic review was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines. The following databases were accessed in May 2022: PubMed, Google scholar, Embase, and Scopus. All the clinical studies investigating the efficacy of ACI to manage chondral defects of the knee in skeletally immature patients were accessed. Articles treating patients with surgical procedures other than ACI were not eligible, nor were studies with a follow-up shorter than 12 months.

Results
Data from 9 studies (251 procedures) were collected. 32% (80 of 251) of patients were females. The mean length of follow-up was 44.2 ± 29.4 (range, 12–115) months. The mean age of the patients was 16.4 ± 0.7 (range, 15–17) years. The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) and International Knee Document Committee (IKDC) increased of + 41.9/100 (P = 0.003) and + 33.2/100 (P =  < 0.0001) points, respectively. The Lysholm Knee Score improved of + 20.6/100 (P = 0.02) points. The Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) for pain reduced of − 3.6/10 (P = 0.004) points. The Tegner scale did not show any statistically significant improvement from baseline to follow-up (P = n.s.). The rate of graft hypertrophy was 12.5% (5 of 40 patients), and the rate of failure 5.6% (8 of 142 patients).

Conclusion
ACI for chondral defects of the knee is effective to improve PROMs in skeletally immature patients. The safety profile of ACI still remains controversial.

Level of evidence
III.
Airborne acoustic emission of an abrasive waterjet cutting system as means for monitoring the jet cutting capability
Authors: Copertaro Edoardo , Annoni Massimiliano 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAbrasive waterjet cutting is a manufacturing technology making use of a high-speed waterjet with abrasive particles in suspension, for cutting materials with different mechanical properties. Product quality requirements are pushing towards an improvement of tracking and stabilization methods of the relevant process variables. Amongst those, the jet kinetic power defines the cutting capability and has a significant impact on the final cut features. This variable is subject to relevant fluctuations versus time. Besides, the current state of the art does not provide means for its in-line monitoring. The aim of this contribution is to monitor the airborne acoustic emission of an abrasive waterjet cutting head and investigate its correlation with the jet kinetic power. The investigation is carried out by means of factorial studies, in which the jet is fired at various water pressures and abrasive feed rates, providing different kinetic powers. The acoustic emission is synchronously monitored by means of a condenser microphone, installed on the cutting head. Data at frequencies above 40 kHz is found to constitute a robust and selective acoustic signature of the airborne jet. The acoustic signature is proven to be an effective in-line indicator of the jet kinetic power and its pressure-induced variations, whilst abrasive-induced variations remain undetected. A calibration procedure is presented, for translating the acoustic data into a jet kinetic power. The method is validated by means of further experiments that envisage its deployment in a real scenario. Overall, the presented method constitutes a robust tool for monitoring pressure-induced variations of the jet cutting capability.