bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic model based on six PD-1 expression and immune infiltration-associated genes predicts survival in breast cancer
Authors: Junjun Shen , Yangyanqiu Wang , Jing Zhuang , Jie Pu , Jian Chu , Yuefen Pan , Shuwen Han 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
The prognosis of breast cancer (BC) was associated with the expression of programmed cell death-1 (PD-1).

Methods
BC-related expression and clinical data were downloaded from TCGA database. PD-1 expression with overall survival and clinical factors were investigated. Gene set variation analysis (GSVA) and weighted gene correlation network analysis were performed to investigate the PD-1 expression-associated KEGG pathways and genes, respectively. Immune infiltration was analyzed using the ssGSEA algorithm and DAVID, respectively. Univariate and multivariable Cox and LASSO regression analyses were performed to select prognostic genes for modeling.

Results
High PD-1 expression was related to prolonged survival time (P = 0.014). PD-1 expression status showed correlations with age, race, and pathological subtype. ER- and PR-negative patients exhibited high PD-1 expression. The GSVA revealed that high PD-1 expression was associated with various immune-associated pathways, such as T cell/B cell receptor signaling pathway or natural killer cell-mediated cytotoxicity. The patients in the high-immune infiltration group exhibited significantly higher PD-1 expression levels. In summary, 397 genes associated with both immune infiltration and PD-1 expression were screened. Univariate analysis and LASSO regression model identified the six most valuable prognostic genes, namely IRC3, GBP2, IGJ, KLHDC7B, KLRB1, and RAC2. The prognostic model could predict survival for BC patients.

Conclusion
High PD-1 expression was associated with high-immune infiltration in BC patients. Genes closely associated with PD-1, immune infiltration and survival prognosis were screened to predict prognosis.
Tender Shoots: Effects of a Preschool Shared Book Reading Preventive Intervention on Parent–Child Reading and Parents’ Involvement in the First Year of School
Authors: Timperley Sarah , Schaughency Elizabeth , Riordan Jessica , Carroll Jane , Das Shika , Reese Elaine 
Published: February 2022

AbstractParent–child interactive shared reading can benefit young children’s language and emergent literacy skills; however, studies of programs to enhance shared reading often do not evaluate lasting effects after the transition to primary school. In this randomized control study, 69 parents of 3.5–4.5-year-old children participated in one of three conditions for an evaluation of the 6-week Tender Shoots program: Rich Reading and Reminiscing (RRR), Strengthening Sound Sensitivity (SSS), or Activity-Based Control (ABC). Parents in both Tender Shoots conditions, SSS and RRR, were taught to read interactively with their children and were provided with books to support implementation. RRR targeted meaning-related talk likely to enhance vocabulary and comprehension, whereas SSS targeted sound-related talk to enhance phonological awareness. Children in ABC were provided with resources and materials for developmentally appropriate activities. Fifty-three dyads (77%) were followed after children started primary school and formal literacy instruction. Comparisons of shared reading interactions at follow-up indicated that parents and children in the RRR and SSS groups still used more condition-specific targeted talk than those in other groups. Most parents in shared reading groups reported that they continued to use project activities after children had started school, although parents in RRR reported more frequent use of program activities than the active control, ABC. Moreover, parents in RRR sometimes reported higher levels of some broad involvement dimensions. These findings suggest that shared reading programs as delivered here can have long-lasting effects on extratextual talk during shared reading and may enhance aspects of parents’ involvement with children’s education.
Loss of Neuron Navigator 2 Impairs Brain and Cerebellar Development
Authors: Accogli Andrea , Lu Shenzhao , Musante Ilaria , Scudieri Paolo , Rosenfeld Jill A. , Severino Mariasavina , Baldassari Simona , Iacomino Michele , Riva Antonella , Balagura Ganna , Piccolo Gianluca , Minetti Carlo , Roberto Denis , Xia Fan , Razak Razaali , Lawrence Emily , Hussein Mohamed , Chang Emmanuel Yih-Herng , Holick Michelle , Calì Elisa , Aliberto Emanuela , De-Sarro Rosalba , Gambardella Antonio , Network Undiagnosed Diseases , Group SYNaPS Study , Emrick Lisa , McCaffery Peter J. A. , Clagett-Dame Margaret , Marcogliese Paul C. , Bellen Hugo J. , Lalani Seema R. , Zara Federico , Striano Pasquale , Salpietro Vincenzo 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Cerebellar hypoplasia and dysplasia encompass a group of clinically and genetically heterogeneous disorders frequently associated with neurodevelopmental impairment. The Neuron Navigator 2 (NAV2) gene (MIM: 607,026) encodes a member of the Neuron Navigator protein family, widely expressed within the central nervous system (CNS), and particularly abundant in the developing cerebellum. Evidence across different species supports a pivotal function of NAV2 in cytoskeletal dynamics and neurite outgrowth. Specifically, deficiency of Nav2 in mice leads to cerebellar hypoplasia with abnormal foliation due to impaired axonal outgrowth. However, little is known about the involvement of the NAV2 gene in human disease phenotypes. In this study, we identified a female affected with neurodevelopmental impairment and a complex brain and cardiac malformations in which clinical exome sequencing led to the identification of NAV2 biallelic truncating variants. Through protein expression analysis and cell migration assay in patient-derived fibroblasts, we provide evidence linking NAV2 deficiency to cellular migration deficits. In model organisms, the overall CNS histopathology of the Nav2 hypomorphic mouse revealed developmental anomalies including cerebellar hypoplasia and dysplasia, corpus callosum hypo-dysgenesis, and agenesis of the olfactory bulbs. Lastly, we show that the NAV2 ortholog in Drosophila, sickie (sick) is widely expressed in the fly brain, and sick mutants are mostly lethal with surviving escapers showing neurobehavioral phenotypes. In summary, our results unveil a novel human neurodevelopmental disorder due to genetic loss of NAV2, highlighting a critical conserved role of the NAV2 gene in brain and cerebellar development across species.
Temperature Sensitivity of Polymer Fiber Microlasers
Authors: Wang Chun , Zhang Xiaojuan , Ma Jiajun , Xie Kang , Zhang Junxi , Hu Zhijia 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThere are many kinds of materials or methods used to make optical microcavities, and they have many different geometric structures. And electrospinning technique has become a very convenient and easy one to prepare polymer fiber. Based on this situation, PM597-doped polymer solution was prepared into high-performance fibers with different diameters by electrospinning technology in our work. In order to better study the temperature sensing of polymer fiber whispering gallery mode, we have placed it on two different substrates with gold and aluminum. A 532 nm pulsed laser beam was used to excite a single fiber in the radial direction, then the whispering gallery mode (WGM) laser was observed and the distribution of WGM was determined by theoretical calculations. The threshold of samples on aluminum substrate is 0.4 μJ. In addition, it is found that the samples on aluminum substrate performed better in temperature sensing, and the value is 0.13 nm/°C. As a result, WGM polymer fiber microcavities on aluminum substrate made by electrospinning technology have very broad development prospects in biosensing, optical pump lasers and other applications.
A Two-Fluid Model for the Macroscopic Behavior of Nematic Fluids and Gels in a Chiral Solvent
Authors: Brand Helmut R. , Pleiner Harald 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe present the macroscopic dynamics of nematic liquid crystals in a two-fluid context. We investigate the case of a nematic in a chiral solvent as well as of a cholesteric in a non-chiral solvent. In addition, we analyze how the incorporation of a strain field for nematic gels and elastomers in a chiral solvent modifies the macroscopic dynamics. It turns out that the relative velocity between the nematic subsystem and the chiral solvent gives rise to a number of cross-coupling terms, reversible as well as irreversible, unknown from other two-fluid systems considered so far. Possible experiments to study those novel dynamic cross-coupling terms are suggested. As examples we just mention that gradients of the relative velocity lead, in cholesterics to heat currents. We also find that in cholesterics shear flows give rise to a temporal variation in the velocity difference perpendicular to the shear plane, and in cholesteric gels uniaxial stresses or strains generate temporal variations of the velocity difference. Finally, the exotic chiral Q phase of tetragonal ($$D_4$$

D
4

) symmetry is analyzed for an isotropic non-chiral solvent in a two-fluid scenario.
Energy and economic comparison of three optical systems adopted in a point-focus CPV system
Authors: Renno Carlo 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe concentrating photovoltaic (CPV) systems allow good results for generation of clean energy at competitive costs, but a careful selection of the optical system is essential to obtain energy and economic advantages. Hence, three different point-focus optics (parabolic mirror, spherical mirror and a commonly used Fresnel lens) characterized by same dimensions are compared in this paper from energy and economic point of view in order to identify the most convenient in terms of unit cost of electrical power. The optical concentration factor, the maximum values of triple-junction (TJ) cell electrical power and temperature are experimentally measured for each optical system, and successively, the unit cost of electrical power is calculated. The parabolic mirror results the least convenient because it guarantees almost the same performances of a spherical optics but with costs of about 2.7 times higher than it. The Fresnel lens presents a value of the unit cost of electrical power near to the spherical mirror, but its much lower optical efficiency implies a necessary area for the CPV plant about three times larger. Moreover, a forecast of the increase in the CPV plant power capacity in Italy and the consequent decrease in the unit cost of electrical power in two possible scenarios, optimistic and pessimistic, is realized. A reduction of the unit cost of electrical power, between 13 and 30%, is expected for the CPV systems.
Low body temperature and mortality in older patients with frailty in the emergency department
Authors: Alakare Janne , Kemp Kirsi , Strandberg Timo , Castrén Maaret , Tolonen Jukka , Harjola Veli-Pekka 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The aim of this study was to assess the association between low body temperature and mortality in frail older adults in the emergency department (ED).

Methods
Inclusion criteria were: ≥ 75 years of age, Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) score of 4–8, and temperature documented at ED admission. Patients were allocated to three groups by body temperature: low ≤ 36.0 °C, normal 36.1–38.0 and high ≥ 38.1. Odds ratios (OR) for 30-day and 90-day mortality were analysed.

Results
1577 patients, 61.2% female, were included. Overall mortalities were 85/1577 (5.4%) and 144/1557 (9.2%) in the 30-day and 90-day follow-ups, respectively. The ORs for low body temperature were 3.03 (1.72–5.35; P < 0.001) and 2.71 (1.68–4.38; P < 0.001) for 30-day and 90-day mortality, respectively. This association remained when adjusted for age, CFS score and gender. Mortality of the high-temperature group did not differ significantly when compared to the normal-temperature group.

Conclusions
Low body temperature in frail older ED patients was associated with significantly higher 30- and 90-day mortality.
Primary hyperoxaluria in Italy: the past 30 years and the near future of a (not so) rare disease
Authors: Mandrile Giorgia , Pelle Alessandra , Sciannameo Veronica , Benetti Elisa , D’Alessandro Maria Michela , Emma Francesco , Montini Giovanni , Peruzzi Licia , Petrarulo Michele , Romagnoli Renato , Vitale Corrado , Cellini Barbara , Giachino Daniela 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Background
Primary hyperoxalurias (PHs) are rare autosomal recessive diseases of the glyoxylate metabolism; PH1 is caused by mutations in the AGXT gene, PH2 in GRHPR and PH3 in HOGA1.

Methods
Here we report the first large multi-center cohort of Italian PH patients collected over 30 years (1992–2020 median follow-up time 8.5 years). Complete genotype was available for 94/95 PH1 patients and for all PH2 (n = 3) and PH3 (n = 5) patients. Symptoms at onset were mainly nephrolithiasis (46.3%) and nephrocalcinosis (33.7%). Median age at onset of symptoms and diagnosis were 4.0 years and 9.9 years, respectively.

Results
Fifty-four patients (56.8%) were diagnosed after chronic kidney disease. Sixty-three patients (66.3%) developed end stage kidney disease (median age 14.0 years). Twenty-one patients had a kidney-only transplant and, among them, seven had a second kidney transplant combined with liver transplant. A combined kidney–liver transplant was carried out in 29 patients and a sequential kidney–liver transplant was performed in two. In five cases a preemptive liver transplant was performed. Those receiving a liver-only transplant tended to have lower kidney function at last follow-up.

Conclusion
Our study of PHs in Italy underlines a considerable diagnostic delay, which has only slightly decreased in recent years. Therefore, we suggest a more extensive use of both metabolic screening among patients with recurrent kidney stones and genotyping, including unambiguous assignment of minor/major allele status in order to promptly begin appropriate treatment. This will be fundamental in order to have access to the new therapies, which are mainly focused on substrate reduction for the oxalate-producing enzymes using RNA-interference.

Graphical abstract
Sociocultural Influences on Compulsive Exercise in Young People: A Systematic Review
Authors: Reynolds Kalli A. , Plateau Carolyn R. , Haycraft Emma 
Published: February 2022

AbstractCompulsive exercise commonly coexists with eating psychopathology. While the impact of sociocultural influences on disordered eating has been identified in young people, sociocultural influences on compulsive exercise are yet to be systematically synthesized. This systematic review therefore aimed to synthesize literature examining sociocultural influences from peers, family and media on compulsive exercise, to explore the potential importance of such influences on the development and maintenance of compulsive exercise in young people. A systematic literature search was conducted following PRISMA guidelines in PsycINFO, PsycARTICLES, MEDLINE, SPORTDiscus and Web of Science databases up to November 2021. Seven quantitative studies were included (five cross-sectional, two prospective). The review highlighted three key factors underpinning the relationship between sociocultural influences and compulsive exercise in young people: body-related messages from significant others, and unfavorable comparisons with, and pressure to conform to, body image ideals. The findings support the notion that compulsive exercise behaviors and attitudes can be socially determined. However, the limited research with young people necessitates further exploration of sociocultural influences on the development and onset of compulsive exercise in adolescence/young adulthood to develop robust conclusions. It is also crucial that research remains up to date with changing technological influences on exercise behaviors.
Keeping a Foot in the Door: Neoliberal Ideology in Subjects Who Opt Out of a Corporate Career
Authors: Tommasi Francesco , Degen Johanna L. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIt is well researched that ideals of freedom and self-fulfillment through work are perpetuated by the neoliberal ideology that permeates subjective reasoning, meaning-making, and everyday practices. While these ideals may seem attractive and enticing to the subject, their pursuit usually leads to less secure working contracts and conditions. Thus, organizations can continue to enforce economic principles and increase pressure on workers while, at the same time, the mechanisms of liberalization and individualization make subjects — not organizations — responsible for their own success and existential survival, and for creating meaningful and happy lives. Striving to design and optimize their own personal and professional trajectories, subjects perpetuate these ideals and thus adopt the socially-validated view that opting out of a salaried job in favor of self-employment is the zenith of self-actualization. Existing research on the phenomenon of opting out emphasizes gender differences around this issue, i.e., women opt out to stay home, whereas men — if their role is even considered — do so to enhance their careers. However, this research is sparse and lacks a contextualized understanding of the phenomenon, such that we still know very little about who opts out and why. Following an explorative approach, this study looks at 20 single-case stories of subjects who opted out from corporate career tracks. We find that the decision to opt out worked out well for diligent subjects with high self-esteem, who already had successful career trajectories and who — independently of gender — viewed it as an act to free oneself from, and a fundamental critique of, corporate working conditions and values. We analyze this finding through the theoretical lens of critical psychology in order to shed light on the phenomenon of opting out and the extent to which individuals can pursue meaningfulness in life and work within the scope of neoliberal conditions, i.e., in contexts where liberal principles remain applicable to the living and working conditions achieved by subjects after they have left the corporate world.
Managing Structural Tensions in the Transition to the Circular Economy: the Case of Electric Vehicle Batteries
Authors: Chizaryfard Armaghan , Nuur Cali , Trucco Paolo 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe circular economy (CE) has recently gained attention as a key transformative strategy. However, as with previous transformation processes, the transition towards the CE is not a smooth process since there are underlying structural tensions in incumbent systems that need to be overcome. One industry that is currently undergoing transformative pressure is the automobile industry where the transition to electric vehicles that use lithium-ion batteries is creating structural tensions. In this paper, we adopt a multi-actor perspective and analyze the strategies that different actors pursue to manage the structural tensions that are induced by the transition towards lithium-ion batteries with the goal of creating and sustaining a closed-loop supply chain (CLSC) model. Through a case study of the key actors (mining firms, material manufacturers, vehicle manufacturers, and recyclers), we reveal the particularities of managing structural tensions which are influenced by temporal, spatial, and contextual factors. We demonstrate our claim by first expanding the application boundary of the concept of structural tensions to show the interconnection between strategic choices made by actors at operational and technological levels; and second, unfolding the dynamics of managing structural tensions in the CE transitions from a multi-actor perspective. The results of this study may support industrial actors to achieve a better understanding of the consequences of their short- and long-term CE transition strategies, and resolve conflicts in visions and priorities during the transition process.
Penile Prosthesis Placement by a Dedicated Transgender Surgery Unit: A Retrospective Analysis of Complications
Authors: Briles Brenna L , Middleton Ravyn Y , Celtik Kenan E , Crane Curtis N , Safir Michael , Santucci Richard A 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT

Background
Penile prostheses may be used as a component of genital gender affirmation surgery for the purpose of achieving penile rigidity after phalloplasty, and transgender individuals experience higher complication rates than cisgender individuals.

Aim
To observe complications with transmasculine penile prosthesis surgery over time and across surgical conditions.

Methods
Retrospective chart review of all transmasculine patients with phalloplasty undergoing penile prosthesis placement between 4/14/2017 and 2/11/2020 (80 patients).

Outcomes
Independent variables include implant type, previous genital surgeries, and simultaneous genital surgeries. Dependent variables include prosthesis infection and mechanical complication (device malfunction, dislodgement, erosion).

Results
There was an overall complication requiring surgery rate of 36% and infection rate of 20% (15/67 for inflatable prostheses and 1/13 for semirigid), with 14% (11/80) experiencing infection requiring removal. Differences in infection rates appeared insignificant across categories of previous surgery or with simultaneous surgery, but we did notice a markedly lower rate for semirigid prostheses compared to inflatable. There was a significant relationship between infection and case number, with the probability of infection decreasing over time. Device loss at 9 months was 21% overall. Preoperative conditions of the neophallus such as prior stricture correction and perioperative factors such as simultaneous clean and clean-contaminated procedures seemed to pose no additional increase in complication rates.

Clinical Implications
Type and number of prior and simultaneous non-prosthetic surgeries should not be considered as a risk factor for penile prosthesis after phalloplasty for transmasculine patients, even those that are clean-contaminated

Strengths & Limitations
Our cohort size is large compared to currently available studies, although not large enough to generate sufficient power for group comparisons. We have reported every genital surgical step between phalloplasty and penile prosthesis placement and recorded complications with subsequent devices after failure. Patient-reported outcomes were not collected.

Conclusion
We demonstrate that preoperative conditions of the neophallus, such as prior stricture correction, and perioperative factors, such as simultaneous clean and clean-contaminated procedures, seem to pose no additional increase in complication rates. Our data suggest that surgical experience may further decrease complications over time.
Sur le spectre des opérateurs rigides
Authors: MAZET PIERRE , SAIAS ERIC 
Published: March 2022

AbstractFor any
$r\in [0,1]$
we give an example of a rigid operator whose spectrum is the annulus
$\{\lambda\in \mathbb{C} : r \le |\lambda| \le 1 \} $
. In particular, when
$r=0$
this operator is rigid and non-invertible, and when
$r\in {\kern1pt}] 0,1 [ $
this operator is invertible but its inverse is not rigid. This answers two questions of Costakis, Manoussos and Parissis [Recurrent linear operators. Complex Anal. Oper. Theory8 (2014), 1601–1643].