bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multicenter study of re‐irradiation using carbon‐ions for head and neck malignancies after photon radiotherapy
Authors: Takahashi Daiki , Demizu Yusuke , Koto Masashi , Kubo Nobuteru , Suefuji Hiroaki , Ikawa Hiroaki , Ohno Tatsuya , Shioyama Yoshiyuki , Okimoto Tomoaki , Tsuji Hiroshi ,   the Japan Carbon‐Ion Radiation Oncology Study Group
Published: April 2022

AbstractPurposeThe goal of this multicenter retrospective study of patients with head and neck malignancies was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of carbon‐ion (C‐ion) radiotherapy (RT) after photon RT.MethodsWe enrolled 56 patients with head and neck malignancies who underwent re‐irradiation (re‐RT) using C‐ions between November 2003 and March 2019, treated previously with photon RT. The tumors at re‐RT were located in the sinonasal cavities (n = 20, 35.7%), skull base (n = 12, 21.4%), and orbit (n = 7, 12.5%). The tumors at the initial RT were located in the sinonasal cavities (n = 13, 23.2%), skull base (n = 9, 16.1%), and orbit (n = 9, 16.1%). The median period between the initial RT and re‐RT was 41 (4–568) months. The most common histology of re‐RT was squamous cell carcinoma (n = 11, 19.6%). The most commonly used protocol was 57.6 Gy (relative biological effectiveness) in 16 fractions (n = 23, 41.1%). Surgery preceded re‐RT in three patients (5.4%). One patient with malignant melanoma received concurrent chemotherapy.ResultsThe 2‐year local control, progression‐free survival, and overall survival rates were 66.5%, 36.9%, and 67.9%, respectively. The median follow‐up time was 28 months. Two patients (3.6%) developed grade ≥ 3 acute toxicities, and 14 (25.0%) developed grade ≥ 3 late toxicities. A single patient had confirmed grade 5 dermatitis with infection.ConclusionRe‐RT using C‐ions for head and neck malignancies after photon RT is an effective treatment with tolerable toxicity.
Full‐mouth rehabilitation choices depending on amelogenesis imperfecta's type: A familial case report
Authors: Mascarell Salomé , Citterio Hélène , Martiano Victor , Friedlander Lisa 
Published: April 2022

AbstractAmelogenesis imperfecta, a rare disease, represents inherited, congenital defects that primarily affect enamel with esthetic and functional impairment affecting everyday life. We present oral rehabilitation of a mother and her son, respectively, suffering from an hypoplastic and an hypocalcified form of AI.
Chest pain and coronary endothelial dysfunction after recovery from COVID‐19: A case series
Authors: Shah Samit M. , Odanovic Natalija , Kunnirickal Steffne , Feher Attila , Pfau Steven E. , Spatz Erica S. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractEndothelial cell damage related to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) has been described in multiple vascular beds, and many survivors of COVID‐19 report chest pain. This case series describes two previously healthy middle‐aged individuals who survived COVID‐19 and were subsequently found to have symptomatic coronary endothelial dysfunction months after initial infection.
Oropharynx cancer after sleep apnea surgery
Authors: Shires Courtney Brooke , Sebelik Merry 
Published: April 2022

AbstractSurgery can treat sleep apnea. An elderly male underwent lingual/palatine tonsillectomy for OSA. He was then found to have T3N2 p16+ squamous cell carcinoma. He is receiving chemoradiation. Recognition of occult malignancy in tonsillectomy specimens may facilitate early diagnosis and treatment for patients following sleep apnea surgery.
Extraction and Characterization of Humic Acid Based on Coal Mining Waste
Authors: Nazarbek Ulzhalgas , Abdurazova Perizat , Raiymbekov Yerkebulan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractHumic acid obtained from coal mining waste from the Lenger deposit was studied. Potassium humates were extracted from the raw material using potassium hydroxide. Hydrochloric acid at various concentrations was used for acid sedimentation of humic acids. Experimental data were obtained describing the effect of the HCl concentration and the sedimentation time on the organogenic composition of humic acid and on its acidic characteristics. Organogenic elements, carboxyl groups, and acid values were determined. Fourier transform infrared spectrometry with absorption bands in the range of 4000–600 cm−1, scanning electron microscopy, energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, and X‐ray diffraction analysis were used to characterize the feedstock and the obtained products.
Comparative Study of the Synthesis of sub‐10 nm Carbon‐Supported Gold Nanoparticles and their Suitability for Methanol Electrooxidation in Alkaline Media
Authors: Dieterich Emil , Kinkelin Simon‐Johannes , Bron Michael 
Published: April 2022

AbstractGold nanoparticles where synthesized and supported on carbon, or directly synthesized on carbon according to five different methods reported in literature, aiming at particles<10 nm. Characterization was done with transmission electron microscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. Although all syntheses yielded particles with an average diameter<10 nm, the formation of few very large particles, where a relatively large amount of Au is buried, as well as loss during the supporting procedure led to the exclusion of four of the five tested methods for further studies. The most promising AuNPs supported on carbon where tested for the methanol electrooxidation (MEO) in alkaline media. Four different Au‐loadings where realized, and supporting led to moderate particle growth depending on the loading. To compare MEO activity of the samples with different Au‐loadings a conversion factor was developed where the MEO activity can be compared in terms of NP size and Au‐loading.
Applying Intel's oneAPI to a machine learning case study
Authors: Martínez Pablo Antonio , Peccerillo Biagio , Bartolini Sandro , García José Manuel , Bernabé Gregorio 
Published: April 2022

AbstractDifferent technologies and approaches exist to work around the performance portability problem. Companies and academia work together to find a way to preserve performance across heterogeneous hardware using a unified language, one language to rule them all. Intel's oneAPI appears with this idea in mind. In this article, we try the new Intel solution to approach heterogeneous programming, choosing machine learning as our case study. More precisely, we choose Caffe, a machine learning framework that was created six years ago. Nevertheless, how would it be to make Caffe again from the beginning, using a fresh new technology like oneAPI? In terms of not only the ease of programming‐because only one source code would be needed to deploy Caffe to CPUs, GPUs, FPGAs, and accelerators (platforms that oneAPI currently supports)‐but also performance, where oneAPI may be capable of taking advantage of specific hardware automatically. Is Intel's oneAPI ready to take the leap?
Sedimentologic and stratigraphic criteria to distinguish between basin‐floor and slope mudstones: Implications for the delivery of mud to deep‐water environments
Authors: Boulesteix Kévin , Poyatos‐Moré Miquel , Flint Stephen S. , Hodgson David M. , Taylor Kevin T. , Brunt Rufus L. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractDeep‐water mudstones overlying basin‐floor and slope sandstone‐prone deposits are often interpreted as hemipelagic drapes deposited during sand starvation periods. However, mud transport and depositional processes, and resulting facies and architecture of mudstones in deep‐water environments, remain poorly understood. This study documents the sedimentology and stratigraphy of basin‐floor and slope mudstones intercalated with sandstone‐prone deposits of the Laingsburg depocentre (Karoo Basin, South Africa). Sedimentologic and stratigraphic criteria are presented here to distinguish between slope and basin‐floor mudstones, which provide a tool to refine palaeogeographical reconstructions of other deep‐water successions. Several mudstone units were mapped at outcrop for 2500 km2 and investigated using macroscopic and microscopic core descriptions from two research boreholes. Basin‐floor mudstones exhibit a repeated and predictable alternation of bedsets dominated by low‐density turbidites, and massive packages dominated by debrites, with evidence of turbulent‐to‐laminar flow transformations. Slope mudstones exhibit a similar facies assemblage, but the proportion of low‐density turbidites is higher, and no repeated or predictable facies organisation is recognised. The well‐ordered and predictable facies organisation of basin‐floor mudstones suggest local point sources from active slope conduits, responsible for deposition of compensationally stacked muddy lobes. The lack of predictable facies organisation in slope mudstones suggests deposition took place in a more variable range of sub‐environments (i.e. ponded accommodation, minor gully/channel‐fills, levees). However, regional mapping of three mudstone units evidence basinward tapering and similar thicknesses across depositional strike. This geometry is consistent with the distal part of basin margin clinothems, and suggests laterally extensive mud delivery across the shelf edge combined with along‐margin transport processes. Therefore, the sedimentology and geometry of mudstones suggests that mud can be delivered to deep‐water dominantly by sediment gravity flows through point source and distributed regionally, during periods of up‐dip sand storage. These findings challenge the common attribution of deep‐water mudstones to periods of basin‐floor sediment starvation.
Hierarchical Fe Doped Co Oxide/Hydroxide Nanosheet Arrays as Highly Efficient Oxygen Evolution Catalysts Prepared by Hydrothermal Etching of FeCo Prussian Blue Analogue
Authors: Xiang Rui , Nong Yunchuan , Song Kejin , Li Maoting , Wang Xingyu 
Published: April 2022

AbstractEarth‐abundant metal oxides/hydroxides have recently been identified as promising catalysts for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in alkaline media, while the overall efficiency is still limited by the sluggish kinetics. Therefore, searching for facile and effective method to prepare composition and morphology tunable catalyst, as well as understanding its reactivity are urgent tasks. Here, we report a hydrothermal etching strategy for the synthesis of Fe doped Co oxides/hydroxide hybrid catalyst with hierarchical nanosheet array architecture. The as‐obtained catalyst shows an overpotential of 219 mV without iR compensation at 10 mA/cm2 and a low Tafel slope of 46.4 mV/dec, surpassing the other control catalysts in this work and most similar catalysts in literature. Comprehensive studies confirm that both composition and morphology can be rationally tuned by adjusting the hydrothermal etching parameters, and the improvement of activity is attributed to the highly active Fe doped Co oxides/hydroxide species together with the unique 3D hierarchical structure.
Microglia maintain the normal structure and function of the hippocampal astrocyte network
Authors: Du Yixing , Brennan Faith H. , Popovich Phillip G. , Zhou Min 
Published: April 2022

AbstractMicroglial control of activity‐dependent plasticity and synaptic remodeling in neuronal networks has been the subject of intense research in the past several years. Although microglia–neuron interactions have been extensively studied, less is known about how microglia influence astrocyte‐dependent control over neuronal structure and function. Here, we explored a role for microglia in regulating the structure and function of the astrocyte syncytium in mouse hippocampus. After depleting microglia using a CSF1R antagonist (PLX5622, Plexxikon), we observed severe disruption of astrocyte syncytial isopotentiality and dye coupling. A decrease in astrocyte‐specific gap junction connexin (Cx) 30 and 43 expression, at least partially accounts for these microglia‐dependent changes in astrocytes. Because neuronal function requires intact astrocyte coupling, we also evaluated the effects of microglia depletion on synaptic transmission in the hippocampus. Without microglia, the strength of synaptic transmission was reduced at baseline and after long‐term potentiation (LTP). Conversely, priming microglia with systemic injections of lipopolysaccharide enhanced CA3‐CA1 synaptic transmission. This microglia‐induced scaling of synaptic transmission was associated with increased expression of post‐synaptic scaffold proteins (Homer1) in CA1. However, astrocyte network function was not affected by microglia priming, indicating that microglia‐dependent effects on astrocytes and neurons vary across functional states. Through manipulation of microglia in the brain, our results reveal the importance of microglia in homeostatic regulation of the astrocyte syncytium and scaling of synaptic transmission. These novel mechanisms uncover a new direction for future studies interrogating microglia function in various physiological and pathological contexts.
Effective psychological therapy for PTSD changes the dynamics of specific large‐scale brain networks
Authors: Charquero‐Ballester Marina , Kleim Birgit , Vidaurre Diego , Ruff Christian , Stark Eloise , Tuulari Jetro J. , McManners Hugh , Bar‐Haim Yair , Bouquillon Linda , Moseley Allison , Williams Steven C. R. , Woolrich Mark W. , Kringelbach Morten L. , Ehlers Anke 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), re‐experiencing of the trauma is a hallmark symptom proposed to emerge from a de‐contextualised trauma memory. Cognitive therapy for PTSD (CT‐PTSD) addresses this de‐contextualisation through different strategies. At the brain level, recent research suggests that the dynamics of specific large‐scale brain networks play an essential role in both the healthy response to a threatening situation and the development of PTSD. However, very little is known about how these dynamics are altered in the disorder and rebalanced after treatment and successful recovery. Using a data‐driven approach and fMRI, we detected recurring large‐scale brain functional states with high temporal precision in a population of healthy trauma‐exposed and PTSD participants before and after successful CT‐PTSD. We estimated the total amount of time that each participant spent on each of the states while being exposed to trauma‐related and neutral pictures. We found that PTSD participants spent less time on two default mode subnetworks involved in different forms of self‐referential processing in contrast to PTSD participants after CT‐PTSD (mtDMN+ and dmDMN+) and healthy trauma‐exposed controls (only mtDMN+). Furthermore, re‐experiencing severity was related to decreased time spent on the default mode subnetwork involved in contextualised retrieval of autobiographical memories, and increased time spent on the salience and visual networks. Overall, our results support the hypothesis that PTSD involves an imbalance in the dynamics of specific large‐scale brain network states involved in self‐referential processes and threat detection, and suggest that successful CT‐PTSD might rebalance this dynamic aspect of brain function.
Age‐related change in task‐evoked amygdala—prefrontal circuitry: A multiverse approach with an accelerated longitudinal cohort aged 4–22 years
Authors: Bloom Paul Alexander , VanTieghem Michelle , Gabard‐Durnam Laurel , Gee Dylan G. , Flannery Jessica , Caldera Christina , Goff Bonnie , Telzer Eva H. , Humphreys Kathryn L. , Fareri Dominic S. , Shapiro Mor , Algharazi Sameah , Bolger Niall , Aly Mariam , Tottenham Nim 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe amygdala and its connections with medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) play central roles in the development of emotional processes. While several studies have suggested that this circuitry exhibits functional changes across the first two decades of life, findings have been mixed ‐ perhaps resulting from differences in analytic choices across studies. Here we used multiverse analyses to examine the robustness of task‐based amygdala—mPFC function findings to analytic choices within the context of an accelerated longitudinal design (4–22 years‐old; N = 98; 183 scans; 1–3 scans/participant). Participants recruited from the greater Los Angeles area completed an event‐related emotional face (fear, neutral) task. Parallel analyses varying in preprocessing and modeling choices found that age‐related change estimates for amygdala reactivity were more robust than task‐evoked amygdala—mPFC functional connectivity to varied analytical choices. Specification curves indicated evidence for age‐related decreases in amygdala reactivity to faces, though within‐participant changes in amygdala reactivity could not be differentiated from between‐participant differences. In contrast, amygdala—mPFC functional connectivity results varied across methods much more, and evidence for age‐related change in amygdala—mPFC connectivity was not consistent. Generalized psychophysiological interaction (gPPI) measurements of connectivity were especially sensitive to whether a deconvolution step was applied. Our findings demonstrate the importance of assessing the robustness of findings to analysis choices, although the age‐related changes in our current work cannot be overinterpreted given low test–retest reliability. Together, these findings highlight both the challenges in estimating developmental change in longitudinal cohorts and the value of multiverse approaches in developmental neuroimaging for assessing robustness of results.
The new generation tyrosine kinase inhibitor improves the survival of chronic myeloid leukemia patients after allogeneic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Shimazu Yutaka , Murata Makoto , Kondo Takeshi , Minami Yosuke , Tachibana Takayoshi , Doki Noriko , Uchida Naoyuki , Ozawa Yukiyasu , Yano Shingo , Fukuda Takahiro , Kato Jun , Ara Takahide , Eto Testuya , Ishikawa Jun , Nakamae Hirohisa , Tanaka Junji , Ichinohe Tatsuo , Atsuta Yoshiko , Nagamura‐Inoue Tokiko ,   the working group of the Japan Society for Transplantation and Cellular Therapy
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe introduction of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) treatment has dramatically improved the prognosis of CML patients and reduced the number of patients receiving allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo‐SCT). However, the impact of the newest‐generation TKIs on the overall survival (OS) after allo‐SCT has not been well described. To investigate the beneficial effects of TKIs on the prognosis after allo‐SCT, we conducted a retrospective observational study using the Transplant Registry Unified Management Program database in Japan. We analyzed 1188 patients (male/female: 738/450; median age: 44 years; range: 16–75) who underwent their first allo‐SCT between January 2001 and December 2018. We divided the patients into two groups according to the TKI treatment used before allo‐SCT: group 1 was treated with the first generation TKI imatinib; group 2 was treated with the second generation TKIs nilotinib, dasatinib, or bosutinib and/or the third generation TKI ponatinib. We compared the post allo‐SCT OS between the two groups. The 3‐year OS rates (95%CI) of groups 1 and 2 were 59.3% (54.8%–63.5%) and 65.8% (61.6%–69.6%), respectively (p = 0.017). Multivariate analysis confirmed that group 2 had superior OS after allo‐SCT compared to group 1 (p = 0.002). Other factors associated with superior prognosis were age ≤65, performance status (PS) 0/1, a 6/6 HLA‐matched donor and chronic‐phase (CP) disease status at allo‐SCT. A subgroup analysis showed poor prognoses for patients who could not obtain a molecular response before allo‐SCT and patients with positive T315I mutation in the BCR/ABL gene. In group 2, early allo‐SCT was correlated with superior OS in patients with a blast‐crisis disease status at allo‐SCT (p = 0.001). The cumulative incidence of non‐relapse mortality rate significantly decreased in group 2 (p = 0.0005). The post allo‐SCT OS was improved both by pre‐ and post‐management of allo‐SCT and by the introduction of newer TKIs.
Cover Image
Authors: Cao Jinwei , Liang Fei , Li Huayang , Li Xin , Fan Youjun , Hu Chao , Yu Jing , Xu Jin , Yin Yiming , Li Fali , Xu Dan , Feng Hanfang , Yang Huali , Liu Yiwei , Chen Xiaodong , Zhu Guang , Li Run‐Wei 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis cover image is a newly created graphic that contains the material's design and applications. The nano‐liquid metal (LM)‐based highly robust stretchable electrode (NHSE) is equipped on a snowboarder for real‐time ECG monitoring (for health), conformable heating (against cold environment), and on‐cloth human‐machine interactions (for intelligent control). The zoom‐in structure of the NHSE before (right) and after (left) activation is composited in a Tai Ji Diagram to present the adaptiveness and robustness of the NHSE. (DOI: 10.1002/inf2.12302)
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Mode of action and human relevance assessment of male CD‐1 mouse renal adenocarcinoma associated with lifetime exposure to empagliflozin
Authors: Phillips Jonathan A. , Taub Mitchell E. , Bogdanffy Matthew S. , Yuan Jing , Knight Brian , Smith James D. , Ku Warren W. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractInhibition of sodium‐glucose cotransporter‐2 (SGLT2) has been shown to be a safe and efficacious approach to support managing Type 2 diabetes. In the 2‐year carcinogenicity study with the SGLT2 inhibitor empagliflozin in CD‐1 mice, an increased incidence of renal tubular adenomas and carcinomas was identified in the male high‐dose group but was not observed in female mice. An integrated review of available nonclinical data was conducted to establish a mode‐of‐action hypothesis for male mouse‐specific tumorigenesis. Five key events were identified through systematic analysis to form the proposed mode‐of‐action: (1) Background kidney pathology in CD‐1 mice sensitizes the strain to (2) pharmacology‐related diuretic effects associated with SGLT2 inhib ition. (3) In male mice, metabolic demand increases with the formation of a sex‐ and species‐specific empagliflozin metabolite. These features converge to (4) deplete oxidative stress handling reserve, driving (5) constitutive cellular proliferation in male CD‐1 mice. The proposed mode of action requires all five key events for empagliflozin to present a carcinogenicity risk in the CD‐1 mouse. Considering that empagliflozin is not genotoxic in the standard battery of genotoxicity tests, and not all five key events are present in the context of female mice, rats, or humans, nor for other osmotic diuretics or other SGLT2 inhibitors, the observed male mouse renal tumors are not considered relevant to humans.