bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A systematic review and meta-analysis of weight loss in control group participants of lifestyle randomized trials
Authors: Bouzalmate Hajjaj Amira , Massó Guijarro Paloma , Khan Khalid Saeed , Bueno-Cavanillas Aurora , Cano-Ibáñez Naomi 
Published: July 2022

AbstractRandomized clinical trials (RCTs) of lifestyle modification have reported beneficial effects of interventions, compared to control. Whether participation in the control group has benefits is unknown. To determine whether control group participants experience weight loss during the course of RCTs. After prospective registration (PROSPERO CRD42021233070), we conducted searches in Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane library and Clinicaltrials.gov databases from inception to May 2021 without language restriction to capture RCTs on dietary advice or physical activity interventions in adults with overweight, obesity or metabolic syndrome. Data extraction and study quality assessment was performed by two independent reviewers. Weight loss in the control group, i.e., the difference between baseline and post-intervention, was pooled using random effects model generating mean difference and 95% confidence interval (CI). Heterogeneity was assessed using the I2 statistical test. Subgroup meta-analysis was performed stratifying by follow-up period, type of control group protocols and high-quality studies. Among the 22 included studies (4032 participants), the risk of bias was low in 9 (40%) studies. Overall, the controls groups experienced weight loss of − 0.41 kg (95% CI − 0.53 to − 0.28; I2 = 73.5% p < 0.001). To identify a result that is an outlier, we inspected the forest plot for spread of the point estimates and the confidence intervals. The magnitude of the benefit was related to the duration of follow-up (− 0.51 kg, 95% CI − 0.68, − 0.3, for 1–4 months follow-up; − 0.32 kg, 95% CI − 0.58, − 0.07, 5–12 months; − 0.20 kg, 95% CI − 0.49, 0.10, ≥ 12 months). In high-quality studies we found an overall weight loss mean difference of − 0.16 (95% CI − 0.39, 0.09) with a considerable heterogeneity (I2 = 74%; p < 0.000). Among studies including control group in waiting lists and combining standard care, advice and material, no heterogeneity was found (I2 = 0%, p = 0.589) and (I2 = 0%, p = 0.438); and the mean difference was − 0.84 kg (95% CI − 2.47, 0.80) and − 0.65 kg (95% CI − 1.03, − 0.27) respectively. Participation in control groups of RCTs of lifestyle interventions had a benefit in terms of weight loss in meta-analysis with heterogeneity. These results should be used to interpret the benefits observed with respect to intervention effect in trials. That control groups accrue benefits should be included in patient information sheets to encourage participation in future trials among patients with overweight and obesity.
The fall of vulnerability to sleep disturbances in evening chronotypes when working from home and its implications for depression
Authors: Salfi Federico , D’Atri Aurora , Amicucci Giulia , Viselli Lorenzo , Gorgoni Maurizio , Scarpelli Serena , Alfonsi Valentina , Ferrara Michele 
Published: July 2022

AbstractEveningness is distinctively associated with sleep disturbances and depression symptoms due to the misalignment between biological and social clocks. The widespread imposition of remote working due to the COVID-19 pandemic allowed a more flexible sleep schedule. This scenario could promote sleep and mental health in evening-type subjects. We investigated the effect of working from home on sleep quality/quantity and insomnia symptoms within the morningness-eveningness continuum, and its indirect repercussions on depressive symptomatology. A total of 610 Italian office workers (mean age ± standard deviation, 35.47 ± 10.17 years) and 265 remote workers (40.31 ± 10.69 years) participated in a web-based survey during the second contagion wave of COVID-19 (28 November–11 December 2020). We evaluated chronotype, sleep quality/duration, insomnia, and depression symptoms through validated questionnaires. Three moderated mediation models were performed on cross-sectional data, testing the mediation effect of sleep variables on the association between morningness-eveningness continuum and depression symptoms, with working modality (office vs. remote working) as moderator of the relationship between chronotype and sleep variables. Remote working was associated with delayed bedtime and get-up time. Working modality moderated the chronotype effect on sleep variables, as eveningness was related to worse sleep disturbances and shorter sleep duration among the office workers only. Working modality also moderated the mediation of sleep variables between chronotype and depression. The above mediation vanished among remote workers. The present study suggests that evening-type people did not show their characteristic vulnerability to sleep problems when working from home. This result could imply a reduction of the proposed sleep-driven predisposition to depression of late chronotypes. A working environment complying with individual circadian preferences might ensure an adequate sleep quantity/quality for the evening-type population, promoting their mental health.
Comparative analysis of high- and low-level deep learning approaches in microsatellite instability prediction
Authors: Park Jeonghyuk , Chung Yul Ri , Nose Akinao 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDeep learning-based approaches in histopathology can be largely divided into two categories: a high-level approach using an end-to-end model and a low-level approach using feature extractors. Although the advantages and disadvantages of both approaches are empirically well known, there exists no scientific basis for choosing a specific approach in research, and direct comparative analysis of the two approaches has rarely been performed. Using the Cancer Genomic Atlas (TCGA)-based dataset, we compared these two different approaches in microsatellite instability (MSI) prediction and analyzed morphological image features associated with MSI. Our high-level approach was based solely on EfficientNet, while our low-level approach relied on LightGBM and multiple deep learning models trained on publicly available multiclass tissue, nuclei, and gland datasets. We compared their performance and important image features. Our high-level approach showed superior performance compared to our low-level approach. In both approaches, debris, lymphocytes, and necrotic cells were revealed as important features of MSI, which is consistent with clinical knowledge. Then, during qualitative analysis, we discovered the weaknesses of our low-level approach and demonstrated that its performance can be improved by using different image features in a complementary way. We performed our study using open-access data, and we believe this study can serve as a useful basis for discovering imaging biomarkers for clinical application.
Research on the effectiveness of a intersection risk warning system based on driving simulation experiment
Authors: Zhou Yiwen , Guo Fengxiang , Yang Wenchen , Wan Huasen 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIn order to improve the traffic safety condition of intersections, a real-time traffic conflict risk warning system (RTCRWS) is proposed for uncontrolled intersections. To evaluate the effectiveness of this system, a driving simulation experiment was designed and conducted. In this study, a virtual experimental scene including static road, traffic environment and dynamic traffic flow was constructed, and 45 drivers were recruited to complete the driving simulation experiment at 13 intersections. Three different data analysis methods were employed: (1) descriptive analysis of driving behavior characteristics; (2) descriptive analysis of physiological and psychological reactions of drivers; (3) Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) of RTCRWS. The results show that RTCRWS can effectively control the vehicle speed and reduce the driver's tension. In addition, the following conclusions are also drawn: (1) The early warning signs with better warning effect among the two types signs of RTCRWS were compared; (2) Among the elderly and young and middle-aged drivers, RTCRWS has a better warning effect on the elderly drivers. (3) Among the male and female drivers, RTCRWS has a better warning effect on female drivers.
Microcomputed tomography versus plethysmometer and electronic caliper in the measurements of lymphedema in the hindlimb of mice
Authors: Bucan Amar , Wiinholt Alexander , Dalaei Farima , Gerke Oke , Hansen Christian Rønn , Sørensen Jens Ahm 
Published: July 2022

AbstractLymphedema affects 20% of women diagnosed with breast cancer. It is a pathology with no known cure. Animal models are essential to explore possible treatments to understand and potentially cure lymphedema. The rodent hindlimb lymphedema model is one of the most widely used. Different modalities have been used to measure lymphedema in the hindlimb of mice, and these are generally poorly assessed in terms of the interrater agreement; thus, there could be a risk of measuring bias and poor reproducibility. We examined the interrater agreement of µCT-scans, electronic caliper thickness of the paw and plethysmometer in the measurement of lymphedema in the hindlimb of mice. Three independent raters assessed 24 C57BL6 mice using these three modalities four times (week 1, 2, 4 and 8) with a total of 96 samples. The mean interrater differences were then calculated. The interrater agreement was highest in the µCT-scans, with an extremely low risk of measurement bias. The interrater agreement in the plethysmometer and electronic caliper was comparable with a low to moderate risk of measurement bias. The µCT-scanner should be used whenever possible. The electronic caliper should only be used if there is no µCT-scanner available. The plethysmometer should not be used in rodents of this size.
An experimental and theoretical characterization of the electronic structure of doubly ionised disulfur
Authors: Olsson Emelie , Ayari Tarek , Ideböhn Veronica , Wallner Måns , Squibb Richard J. , Andersson Jonas , Roos Andreas Hult , Stranges Stefano , Dyke John M. , Eland John H. D. , Hochlaf Majdi , Feifel Raimund 
Published: July 2022

AbstractUsing time-of-flight multiple electron and ion coincidence techniques in combination with a helium gas discharge lamp and synchrotron radiation, the double ionisation spectrum of disulfur (S$$_2$$

2

) and the subsequent fragmentation dynamics of its dication are investigated. The S$$_2$$

2

sample was produced by heating mercury sulfide (HgS), whose vapour at a suitably chosen temperature consists primarily of two constituents: S$$_2$$

2

and atomic Hg. A multi-particle-coincidence technique is thus particularly useful for retrieving spectra of S$$_2$$

2

from ionisation of the mixed vapour. The results obtained are compared with detailed calculations of the electronic structure and potential energy curves of S$$_2^{2+}$$

2

2
+

which are also presented. These computations are carried out using configuration interaction methodology. The experimental results are interpreted with and strongly supported by the computational results.
The impact of sewage sludge processing on the safety of its use
Authors: Styszko Katarzyna , Durak Justyna , Kończak Beata , Głodniok Marcin , Borgulat Anna 
Published: July 2022

AbstractParticular attention is devoted to pharmaceutical residues in sewage sludge caused by their potential ecotoxicological effects. Diclofenac, ibuprofen and carbamazepine, 17-α-ethinylestradiol, β-estradiol, were analysed in four types of fertilizers, based on sewage sludge commercial products, in compliance with Polish requirements. The release of active pharmaceutical compounds from fertilizers to water the phase after 24 h and 27 days was analysed. Solid-water partition coefficients (Kd) and partitioning coefficient values normalized on organic carbon content (log KOC) were evaluated. The environmental risk to terrestrial ecosystems, due to the application of fertilizers onto soils, was estimated. Cumulative mass of pharmaceuticals emitted to water from fertilizers ranged from 0.4 to 30.8 µg/kg after 24 h contact. The greatest amount of the material that was released, over 70%, was observed for carbamazepine. No presence of compounds except ibuprofen was observed after 27 days of testing. The highest environmental risk in fertilizers is due to carbamazepine, risk quotation, RQ = 0.93 and diclofenac RQ = 0.17. The values of risk quotation estimated for soil were below RQ = 0.01. This fact means that no risk to terrestrial ecosystems is expected to occur. The important decrease of the concentrations of active compounds after passing from sewage sludge to fertilizers [and] to fertilized soil could be observed.
Angiogenic gene characterization and vessel permeability of dermal microvascular endothelial cells isolated from burn hypertrophic scar
Authors: Molina Esteban A. , Hartmann Brandon , Oliver Mary A. , Kirkpatrick Liam D. , Keyloun John W. , Moffatt Lauren T. , Shupp Jeffrey W. , Travis Taryn E. , Carney Bonnie C. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractHypertrophic scar (HTS) formation is a common challenge for patients after burn injury. Dermal microvascular endothelial cells (DMVECs) are an understudied cell type in HTS. An increase in angiogenesis and microvessel density can be observed in HTS. Endothelial dysfunction may play a role in scar development. This study aims to generate a functional and expression profile of HTS DMVECs. We hypothesize that transcript and protein-level responses in HTS DMVECs differ from those in normal skin (NS). HTSs were created in red Duroc pigs. DMVECs were isolated using magnetic-activated cell sorting with ulex europaeus agglutinin 1 (UEA-1) lectin. Separate transwell inserts were used to form monolayers of HTS DMVECs and NS DMVECs. Cell injury was induced and permeability was assessed. Gene expression in HTS DMVECS versus NS DMVECs was measured. Select differentially expressed genes were further investigated. HTS had an increased area density of dermal microvasculature compared to NS. HTS DMVECs were 17.59% less permeable than normal DMVECs (p < 0.05). After injury, NS DMVECs were 28.4% and HTS DMVECs were 18.8% more permeable than uninjured controls (28.4 ± 4.8 vs 18.8 ± 2.8; p = 0.11). PCR array identified 31 differentially expressed genes between HTS and NS DMVECs, of which 10 were upregulated and 21 were downregulated. qRT-PCR and ELISA studies were in accordance with the array. DMVECs expressed a mixed profile of factors that can contribute to and inhibit scar formation. HTS DMVECs have both a discordant response to cellular insults and baseline differences in function, supporting their proposed role in scar pathology. Further investigation of DMVECs is warranted to elucidate their contribution to HTS pathogenesis.
HARLEY mitigates user bias and facilitates efficient quantification and co-localization analyses of foci in yeast fluorescence images
Authors: Shabanov Ilya , Buchan J. Ross 
Published: July 2022

AbstractQuantification of cellular structures in fluorescence microscopy data is a key means of understanding cellular function. Unfortunately, numerous cellular structures present unique challenges in their ability to be unbiasedly and accurately detected and quantified. In our studies on stress granules in yeast, users displayed a striking variation of up to 3.7-fold in foci calls and were only able to replicate their results with 62–78% accuracy, when re-quantifying the same images. To facilitate consistent results we developed HARLEY (Human Augmented Recognition of LLPS Ensembles in Yeast), a customizable software for detection and quantification of stress granules in S. cerevisiae. After a brief model training on ~ 20 cells the detection and quantification of foci is fully automated and based on closed loops in intensity contours, constrained only by the a priori known size of the features of interest. Since no shape is implied, this method is not limited to round features, as is often the case with other algorithms. Candidate features are annotated with a set of geometrical and intensity-based properties to train a kernel Support Vector Machine to recognize features of interest. The trained classifier is then used to create consistent results across datasets. For less ambiguous foci datasets, a parametric selection is available. HARLEY is an intuitive tool aimed at yeast microscopy users without much technical expertise. It allows batch processing of foci detection and quantification, and the ability to run various geometry-based and pixel-based colocalization analyses to uncover trends or correlations in foci-related data. HARLEY is open source and can be downloaded from https://github.com/lnilya/harley.
Domain-level epitope mapping of polyclonal antibodies against HER-1 and HER-2 receptors using phage display technology
Authors: Pérez-Martínez Dayana , Infante Yanelys Cabrera , Ramírez Belinda Sánchez , Rojas Gertrudis 
Published: July 2022

AbstractHER-1 and HER-2 are tumor-associated antigens overexpressed in several epithelial tumors, and successfully targeted by therapeutic approaches against cancer. Vaccination with their recombinant extracellular domains has had encouraging results in the pre-clinical setting. As complex humoral responses targeting multiple epitopes within each antigen are the ultimate goal of such active immunotherapy strategies, molecular dissection of the mixture of antibody specificities is required. The current work exploits phage display of antigenic versions of HER-1 and HER-2 domains to accomplish domain-level epitope mapping. Recognition of domains I, III and IV of both antigens by antibodies of immunized mice was shown, indicating diverse responses covering a broad range of antigenic regions. The combination of phage display and site-directed mutagenesis allowed mutational screening of antigen surface, showing polyclonal antibodies’ recognition of mutated receptor escape variants known to arise in patients under the selective pressure of the anti-HER-1 antibody cetuximab. Phage-displayed HER domains have thus the potential to contribute to fine specificity characterization of humoral responses during future development of anti-cancer vaccines.
Sirtuin 5 levels are limiting in preserving cardiac function and suppressing fibrosis in response to pressure overload
Authors: Guo Angela H. , Baliira Rachael , Skinner Mary E. , Kumar Surinder , Andren Anthony , Zhang Li , Goldsmith Robert S. , Michan Shaday , Davis Norma J. , Maccani Merissa W. , Day Sharlene M. , Sinclair David A. , Brody Matthew J. , Lyssiotis Costas A. , Stein Adam B. , Lombard David B. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractHeart failure (HF) is the inability of the heart to pump blood sufficiently to meet the metabolic demands of the body. HF with reduced systolic function is characterized by cardiac hypertrophy, ventricular fibrosis and remodeling, and decreased cardiac contractility, leading to cardiac functional impairment and death. Transverse aortic constriction (TAC) is a well-established model for inducing hypertrophy and HF in rodents. Mice globally deficient in sirtuin 5 (SIRT5), a NAD+-dependent deacylase, are hypersensitive to cardiac stress and display increased mortality after TAC. Prior studies assessing SIRT5 functions in the heart have all employed loss-of-function approaches. In this study, we generated SIRT5 overexpressing (SIRT5OE) mice, and evaluated their response to chronic pressure overload using TAC. Compared to littermate controls, SIRT5OE mice were protected against adverse functional consequences of TAC, left ventricular dilation and impaired ejection fraction. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that SIRT5 suppresses key HF sequelae, including the metabolic switch from fatty acid oxidation to glycolysis, immune activation, and fibrotic signaling pathways. We conclude that SIRT5 is a limiting factor in the preservation of cardiac function in response to experimental pressure overload.
Latency period of PROM at term and the risk of neonatal infectious diseases
Authors: Zhuang Lu , Li Zhan-Kui , Zhu Yuan-Fang , Ju Rong , Hua Shao-Dong , Yu Chun-Zhi , Li Xing , Zhang Yan-Ping , Li Lei , Yu Yan , Zeng Wen , Cui Jie , Chen Xin-Yu , Peng Jing-Ya , Li Ting , Feng Zhi-Chun 
Published: July 2022

AbstractTo find the risk of time thresholds of PROM for infectious diseases of term neonates. A multi-center prospective cohort study including pregnancies with PROM at term with a single fetus were conducted. Time thresholds of the duration from PROM to delivery were examined in 2-h increments to assess the rates of infectious neonatal diseases. 7019 pregnancies were included in the study. Neonatal pneumonia and sepsis were most frequent infectious diseases in neonates born from mother with PROM at term. Rates of early-onset pneumonia varied significantly when comparing length of time of PROM greater than 16 h vs. less than 16 h (for EOP in 3 days of life, adjusted OR 1.864, 95% CI 1.159 ~ 2.997, p = 0.010; for EOP in 7 days of life, adjusted OR 1.704, 95% CI 1.104 ~ 2.628, p = 0.016). Neonates born from mother of whom the length of time from PROM to delivery ≥ 16 h were at a higher risk of acquiring EOP.
Sustained high body temperature exacerbates cognitive function and Alzheimer’s disease-related pathologies
Authors: Jung Cha-Gyun , Kato Reiko , Zhou Chunyu , Abdelhamid Mona , Shaaban Esraa Ibrahim A. , Yamashita Hitoshi , Michikawa Makoto 
Published: July 2022

AbstractGlobal warming is a serious public health threat to people worldwide. High body temperature is one of the important risk factors for Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and the body temperature of AD patients has been found to be significantly higher than that of elderly control subjects. However, the effects of high body temperature on cognitive function and AD pathologies have not been completely elucidated. We report here that Tg2576 mice housed at a high ambient temperature of 30 °C for 13 months showed an increase in the body temperature, which is accompanied by memory impairment and an enhancement of amyloid-β peptides (Aβ) generation through the upregulation of β-site APP cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) level and decrease in the level of an Aβ-degrading enzyme, neprilysin (NEP) in the brain, compared with those of Tg2576 mice at 23 °C. High body temperature also increased the levels of heat shock proteins (HSPs), stress-stimulated kinases such as JNK, and total tau, leading to the enhancement of tau phosphorylation at 30 °C. Taken together, our findings suggest that high body temperature exacerbates cognitive function and AD pathologies, which provides a mechanistic insight for its prevention.