bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Virtual reality-based exposure with applied biofeedback for social anxiety disorder
Authors: Ernst M. , Lichtenstein M. , Clemmensen L. , Andersen T. , Bouchard S. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionSocial Anxiety Disorder (SAD) is considered the most prevalent anxiety disorder with the highest disease burden amongst anxiety disorders. Despite available effective treatment with Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, a majority of individuals with SAD do not seek treatment and many drop out when confronted with elements of exposure. Several studies highlight the many advantages virtual reality exposure holds over in vivo exposure. In this study, we investigate the added effect of real-time biofeedback during virtual reality exposure.ObjectivesThe current study is part of a large scale study called VR8. The current study aims to develop and evaluate the feasibility of a VR-biofeedback-intervention for adults with mild to severe social anxiety disorder, before continuing randomized controlled trials.MethodsData from semi-structured interviews and surveys will be compared to biodata collected during VR exposure. Participants include a minimum of (n=10) patients and (n=10) clinicians from the Mental Health Services in the Region of Southern Denmark. Surveys include questionnaires used for assessment of anxiety symptoms, usability of technology, and presence in the virtual environment. Collected biodata includes heart rate variability and electrodermal activity. Behavioral markers include eye-gaze. The findings will be analyzed and discussed in a mixed methods design.ResultsThe study is ongoing. Preliminary results will be available at presentation.ConclusionsSuccessful development and implementation of a biofeedback-informed virtual reality exposure intervention may provide increased reach for patients and individuals who would have otherwise not sought- or dropped out of regular treatment, as well as inform the clinician on how to proceed during virtual exposure.Conflict of interestProf. Stephané Bouchard is consultant to and own equity in Cliniques et Développement In Virtuo, which develops virtual environments, and conflicts of interests are managed according to UQO’s conflict of interests policy; however, Cliniques et Développeme
Anxiety, depression and HIV in older gay and bisexual men
Authors: Pereira H. , Batista I. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionNegative consequences of social homonegativity and HIV status among older gay and bisexual men in Portugal are still to be documented.ObjectivesThis study seeks to evaluate depression and anxiety disparities among older gay and bisexual men, based upon their HIV status.MethodsThis is a quantitative, descriptive, comparative, and cross-sectional study. Responses were collected from a total of 201 men, with 16.9% being HIV positive, 80.6% identifying as homosexual and 13.9% identifying as bisexual. Participants responded to the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, the BSI-18, and the CDRISC-10.ResultsThe sample collected revealed moderate levels of depression and anxiety that were below the average observed among the general population. Older gay men showed higher levels of depression when compared to older bisexual men. Self-esteem was negatively correlated with both depression and anxiety while being positively correlated with resilience. In contrast, depression was negatively correlated with resilience and, conversely, positively correlated with anxiety. Furthermore, anxiety was negatively correlated with resilience. Multiple linear regression models explain 33% of the general variation of depressive symptoms and 25% of the variation of symptoms of anxiety. Regarding comparisons based on HIV status, no statistically significant differences were found between HIV-positive and HIV-negative
men.ConclusionsThis study offers a pioneering contribution to the literature on aging and mental health among older sexual minorities in Portugal, giving a voice to older HIV-positive and HIV-negative GBM in Portugal, in order to gain a better understanding of the barriers and obstacles that they face throughout the aging process.
Behaviour problems of patients with bipolar disorder
Authors: Kammoun I. , Halouani N. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionBipolar disorder is associated, in popular belief, with violence as any psychiatric pathology. Studies in recent years have found an increased risk of violence in patients with bipolar disorder.ObjectivesTo describe the socio-demographic characteristics of bipolar patients and identify the various risk factors for violence.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective descriptive, analytical study, including patients with bipolar disorder type I and II in the CHU HEDI CHAKER Sfax psychiatry department whose reason for hospitalization was hetero-aggressiveness during a period of 6 months ranging from 1 January to 30 June 2019.ResultsWe’ve collected 32 patients. The average age of our sample is 36 years. Half of the patients (50%) were single. Most of these patients were unemployed. The type of bipolar disorder was dominated by type I (90.3%) in a manic episode. These patients had antisocial pathological personality in 18.8% and borderline personality in 20%. Siblings and ascendants accounted for 68.7% of victims of violence. Our study showed that comorbidity to the use of psychoactive substances was present in 65.6%. The exaltation of mood was intense in 78.1% with a bad insight in 75%. Patients with violent behaviour were discontinued in 96.9% of cases with poor therapeutic adherence in 90.6% and irregular follow-up in 68.8%. Violence was significantly associated with psychoactive substance use with p=0.037.ConclusionsThe risk of violence in patients with bipolar disorder is higher than in the general population. This risk is particularly high if there was an association with substance abuse and personality disorders.
Women's mental health: What progress have we made?
Authors: Herrman H. 
Published: February 2022

Significant progress is being made in strengthening perinatal mental health support systems and in several related areas of women’s mental health. Mental health support for women and families during pregnancy and the first year after birth – the perinatal period – remains a priority in most parts of the world. Mental disorders are among the most common perinatal health problems, with over 25% of women in many scarce resource countries and 10% in wealthy countries experiencing a disorder. There is growing recognition of feasible and effective ways to reduce the harm to women and children and their families through societal as well as health system initiatives. Successful initiatives including training and support for health workers and cross-sectoral work to prevent violence in families are operating in a number of countries. The presentation will consider how psychiatrists and other mental health professionals can contribute to the spread, scope and sustainability of this work, and other related contributions to women’s mental health including the prevention of violence in the family.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Study of risk factors for suicide attempts in patients with bipolar disorder
Authors: Smaoui N. , Guermazi A. , Lajmi I. , Feki R. , Omri S. , Bouali M. Maalej , Thabet J. Ben , Zouari L. , Charfi N. , Maalej M. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionBipolar disorder (BD) has the highest suicide attempt rate among psychiatric disorders. Many factors are associated with the risk of suicide attempt in BD, but the relation between them has still not been explicitly stated.ObjectivesThis study aimed to examine the clinical variables characterizing patients with BD with prior suicide attempt (PSA).MethodsThis was a descriptive and analytical study, conducted over 3 months, involving 31 euthymic patients with BD, followed up in the outpatient psychiatry department of Hedi Chaker University Hospital in Sfax (Tunisia). General, clinical and therapeutic data were collected using a pre-established questionnaire. Quality of life (QOL) was assessed with the «36 item Short-Form Health Survey» (SF-36). Impulsivity was assessed with the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11).ResultsThe mean age was 47.25 years and the sex ratio was 1.6. Family history of suicide attempts was found in 25% of cases. Mean score of SF36 was 34 and high degree of impulsivity was noted in 62.5% of cases. The frequency of BD patients with PSA was 12.3% (N=8), with two of these (25%) having more than one PSA. Comorbid alcohol abuse (p=0.000), somatic illness (p=0.013), high degree of impulsivity (p=0.032), and impaired quality of live (p=0.003) were significantly more frequent in BD patients with PSA.ConclusionsWe found several clinical variables associated with PSA in BD patients. Even though these retrospective findings did not address causality, they could be clinically relevant to better understanding suicidal behavior in BD and adopting proper strategies to prevent suicide in higher risk patients.
Five traits of personality in benzodiazepine-dependent patients with bipolar disorder
Authors: Charfi N. , Abdallah M. Ben , Omri S. , Feki R. , Smaoui N. , Zouari L. , Thabet J. Ben , Bouali M. Maalej , Maalej M. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionBenzodiazepines (BZD) are frequently prescribed to patients with bipolar disorder. The use of this medication can become problematic in some cases or even lead to dependence mainly in patients with personality disorders.ObjectivesTo assess different personality traits in BZD-dependent patients with bipolar disorderMethodsA cross-sectional descriptive and analytical study was conducted on euthymic bipolar patients (DSM-5) attending the psychiatric outpatient in Hedi Chaker university hospital of Sfax. We used the Benzodiazepine Cognitive Attachment Scale (ECAB) to determine dependent patients and the Ten Item Personality Measure (TIPI) scale to assess the five personality traits.ResultsAmong the 61 included patients, 34 were BZD-dependents (55.7%). Their mean age was 52.12 ± 12.87 years. The sex ratio (M/F) was 0.54. A comorbid personality disorder was found in 18% of patients and the most frequent was histrionic personality (45.45%). According to TIPI, the highest scores of personality traits were conscientiousness, agreeableness and extraversion, with mean scores of 9.8 ± 2.78, 8.21 ± 3.15 and 7.98 ± 1.77 respectively. Having a comorbid personality disorder was not associated with BZD dependence. Regarding the dimensional approach using TIPI, the dimensions of extraversion, agreeableness and emotional stability were significantly negatively correlated with BZD-dependence (p 0.024; 0.006 and 0.01 respectively).ConclusionsThis study demonstrates that personality characterized by less extraversion, agreeableness, and emotional stability may increase the risk of BZD-dependence among bipolar patients. Such psychological factors should be taken into account in the risk-benefit assessment made in the planning of BZD treatment.
The challenges of managing psychiatric disorders in children with kidney transplant and end-stage renal disease: A case report
Authors: Fodor O. , Ciubotariu A.-M. , Mihailescu I. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionChronic diseases have often been associated with depression or other psychiatric conditions. Despite the fact that renal transplantation offers children a chance at a better life, it could also raise some challenges. Dealing with a severe medical condition such as chronic renal disease and multidrug therapy with potential long term side-effects from the early years of life can affect a child’s emotional and social development.ObjectivesReporting a case which represents a challenge in treating an adolescent with depression and renal failure.MethodsCase ReportResultsA 15 year old male with multiple admissions (between the ages of 12 and 15) for recurrent feelings of inadequacy and worthlessness due to his appearance, impaired social skills, hostility towards society, suicide ideation and aggressive behaviour. Moreover, his medical history includes CRS (congenital renal disease), kidney transplant at the age of 2 followed with transplant rejection in 2019. Currently he is under haemodialysis and multiple drug prescriptions associated with his severe medical condition which interferes with the psychotropic treatment.ConclusionsThis case quests what the better choice of intervention is for depression associated with aggressive behavior in a child with kidney failure and with no significant improvement in psychotherapy?
Investigation of clinical features of dysgraphia related to the subtypes of developmental coordination disorder in children regarding high IQ
Authors: Hamdioui S. , Vaivre-Douret L. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionHandwriting disorder is commonly observed in Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) (87-88%) and is often noted in children with high Intellectual Quotient (HIQ).Two mainly pure DCD subtypes: ideomotor-DCD (IM), visuospatial/or visuoconstructional-DCD (VSC) and a mixed subtype (MX) were identified in the literature but nothing is known regarding IQ and dysgraphia.ObjectivesTo refine the specific clinical features of dysgraphia related to DCD subtypes regarding IQ levels.Methods
Neurovisual, neuropsychological, neuropsychomotor functions, and handwriting performances of 38 children (6-to-12 years-old: mean 9y, SD 2.7) diagnosed with DCD (DSM-5 criteria) were collected. Two matched groups were analyzed according to their IQ: 19 (TC) typical children (IQ=90-110) and 19 HIQ children (IQ> 120).Results
IQ scores were not significantly associated with dysgraphia. There isa significant difference between TC vs HIQ with a lower rate of IM-DCD respectively 11% vs 5% (p=.035) and 68% vs 37% for VSC-DCD (p=.03) but 21% vs 58% in MX-DCD (p=.41). Dysgraphia was significantly more present in TC group with MX-DCD and in HIQ with VSC-DCD. A negative correlation between Kho’s’ cubes test failure (p=.006), visual-spatial memory (p=.05) and VSC-DCD was noted in HIQ group. The deficit of visual spatial memory was significantly related to dysgraphia in HIQ children (p=.01) associated to visual gnosis impairment (p=.03).ConclusionsDysgraphia was significantly found with VSC-DCD subgroup in FIQ>120 with specific features of visual perception disorders suggesting more involvement of the right cortex. These results suggest that VSC-DCD in HIQ could be a neurovisual impairment rather than a pure VSC-DCD.
Depressive disorders and children with chronic illness
Authors: Mihailov O. , Rădulescu I.D. , Mihailov R. , Ciubară A. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionWhen depression is comorbid with tuberculosis, it will lead to decreased quality of life, lack of adherence to anti-Tb drugs, progression to MDRTB and will end in death with mortality from the disease.ObjectivesWe aimed to study the association of Tuberculosis and depressive disorders in children aged 7-18 years compared to non-tuberculosis diseases and their correlation. We hypothesized that depression will be significantly more common in patients with tuberculosis than in non-TB patients, who served as a control.MethodsA prospective observational case-type study for a period of 2 years, 2018-2020. The patients included in the study are patients diagnosed and treated in the Child Pneumology Department of the Pneumoftiziology Hospital “Sfantul Spiridon” Galati and in the TB Dispensaries in Galati County divided into the study group consisting of patients diagnosed with Tuberculosis and the control group of patients without a diagnosis of Tuberculosis or other previous chronic disease. For the diagnosis of depression in the case of the two groups, we used the CDI questionnaire (Depression Inventory for children).Results
Out of 100 children with TB, 68% had depression compared to the control group, which showed that only 9% had depression.Conclusions
Depression can affect all parts of a child’s life, including behavior, appetite, energy levels, sleep patterns, relationships, and academic performance. We observe a wide range of symptoms in the group of children with tuberculosis compared to the control group.
Clinical and psychological approaches to the diagnosis of children with autism spectrum disorders
Authors: Koval-Zaytsev A. , Ivanov M. , Simashkova N. , Nikitina S. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionThe importance of clinical diagnosis of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) in childhood is due to the timely detection of ASD and the appropriate early start of patient care, depending on the form of ASD. The experience of multidisciplinary collaboration between medical psychologists and clinicians in child psychiatric practice allows us to more accurately determine the depth and severity of autistic manifestations, determine the dynamics of child development, and provide personalized effective care.ObjectivesDevelop diagnostic, clinical and psychological approaches to the diagnosis of ASD.MethodsClinical-psychopathological, clinical-dynamic, clinical-catamnestic, and psychological methods were used. 254 patients aged 4-17 years (average – 7.3 years) with different forms of ASD were examined.Results
From the clinical and pathopsychological positions, profiles of six main forms of ASD are identified. Each of the selected profiles corresponds to a specific type of cognitive dysontogenezis. A distorted view of cognitive dysontogenezis in Asperger’s syndrome (F84. 5) and childhood autism dysontogenetic (F84.0). Distorted or deficient types of cognitive dysontogenezis in children’s psychosis (F84. 02). Deficient type of cognitive dysontogenezis in Kanner syndrome (F84. 01). Defecating type of cognitive dysontogenezis in atypical autism syndromal (F84. 11), deficient and regressive-defecating types of cognitive dysontogenezis in atypical child psychosis (F84.12).ConclusionsA three-dimensional model is obtained that allows the most accurate diagnosis of various forms of ASD and the development of personalized routes for patient care and rehabilitation, taking into account the type of cognitive dysontogenezis and based on the zone of the child’s immediate development.
Goals of internet use and subjective safety of adolescents on the internet
Authors: Shaigerova L. , Shilko R. , Almazova O. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionModern teenagers spend most of their lives on social networks and the Internet, meeting various needs. At the same time, more detailed research is needed on how specific Internet use affects various aspects of the psychological state.ObjectivesThe objective is to identify how the main goals of Internet use by adolescents are related to their subjective safety on the Internet and self-assessment of health.MethodsThe study involved 480 participants from 15 to 18 years old. We analyzed the main reasons for respondents’ use of the Internet (7 main goals were highlighted) and uncovered the relationship between the main goals of Internet use, self-assessment of health and subjective safety on the Internet.Results
Adolescents who identified communication (t = -2.450, p=0.015) and shopping and receiving services as their main goals for using the Internet rated their health as significantly worse (t = -3.170, p = 0.002). Young men who use the Internet more often as a source of information feel significantly less secure on the Internet (t = -2.237, p=0.026), as do those who use the Internet more often to expand communication in social networks (t = -2.040, p=0.043). For girls, the goals of using the Internet and the sense of subjective security on the Internet were not significantly related.ConclusionsUsing the Internet to communicate, buy and receive services, and search for information can negatively affect the assessment of own health and subjective safety, especially among young people. The research was supported by the Russian Science Foundation, with the grant 15-18-00109.
The prevalence of mental disorders among young people in europe
Authors: Sacco R. , Camilleri N. , Umla-Runge K. 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionThis systematic review and meta-analysis fills a lacuna in the existing literature on the prevalence of mental disorders (MD) among young people (YP) in Europe.ObjectivesThis study sets out to estimate the pooled prevalence (PP) of ASD, ADHD, Conduct Disorder (CD), Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD), Anxiety Disorder (AD), Depressive Disorder
(DD), Eating Disorder (ED), Substance Use Disorders (SUD) and the PP of any of these MD, among 5-to-18-year-old YP living in Europe, based on prevalence rates established in the last five years (LFY).Methods
A search strategy was created following the SPIDER model and conducted on three databases. Studies were also identified from reference lists and grey literature. Eligible studies were evaluated for bias. Trends of prevalence rates across countries, gender and level of education were analysed. The random effects pooled prevalence rate (REPPR) for each MD and for any MD was calculated.Results
The European REPPR for any mental disorder among YP is 15.5%, translating to almost 1 in 5 YP. ADs are the most common group of MDs with a REPPR of 7.9%, followed by ADHD, ODD, MDD and CD, with REPPR of 2.9%, 1.9%, 1.7% and 1.5% respectively.ConclusionsA range of challenges towards good mental health are portrayed, including diagnostic limitations, poor awareness on MD, and socioeconomic inequality. It is recommended that these challenges are tackled, and routine screening and early intervention services are developed to improve early identification and prompt treatment. Achieving these goals may positively impact individuals and societies at large, both now and in the future.
Adolescents and dual pathology. Assessment of treatment with paliperidona palmitato long-term injectables
Authors: Sánchez S. Pérez , Herrero I. Martín , Fernández M.A. Cutillas , Güimil D. Raya , Portero A. Crespo 
Published: February 2022

IntroductionToday cocaine use is very frequently associated with adolescents with maladaptive personality traits and impulse control disorder. It requires a multidisciplinary approach and individualized treatments to improve the clinic and achieve the abandonment of consumption.Objectives1. To assess the efficacy of monthly injectable paliperidone palmitate treatment in controlling impulsivity. 2. Determine the consumption of toxins after treatment.MethodsSample: Adolescents, 14-17 years old, with a diagnosis of Personality Limit T and cocaine consumption who start treatment with Paliperidone Palmitate LD IM (50-100mg / month) in monotherapy, with Diazepam 5mg if significant anxiety. Retrospective data collection. Plutchik impulsivity scale (IE) before starting treatment and at 3 months. Statistical analysis SPSS 20.0ResultsTwelve adolescents who met the inclusion criteria were included and 12 adolescents, 83% male, 16% female, completed the questionnaires. After its application and correction through non-parametric tests (N <30), scores in the EI questionnaire of a mean of 37.42 points in the pretest were observed, corresponding to a severe level of impulsivity; and a mean of 26.28 points in the post-test, compatible with a mild-moderate degree of impulsive symptoms. A decrease in the consumption of toxins was observed in 65% of the cases.ConclusionsIn our experience, the management of toxic consumption in adolescent population with severe impulsivity symptoms has great limitations due to the scarce resources available. The Palpitate of Paliperidone long-term treatment has been useful in the approach of serious registered cases, being associated with symptomatic improvement and decrease in consumption.