bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel non‐invasive index of oxygenation and prediction of outcomes for patients on high‐flow nasal cannula: a pilot study
Authors: Carroll Robert P. , Balasubramaniam Ravind , Sawyer Michael , Tran Khoa 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPredicting success of a therapy in acute respiratory failure is clinically important. The FOx index (high‐flow rate × FiO2)/SpO2 was retrospectively applied to 70 patients who required high‐flow nasal prongs for hypoxaemic and hypercapnic respiratory failure. The FOx index could predict between success and failure of high‐flow nasal prongs at 6 hours, using non‐invasive markers. This adds to the clinician's toolbox in managing respiratory failure and represents important proof of concept for a prospective study.
Network polarization, filter bubbles, and echo chambers: an annotated review of measures and reduction methods
Authors: Interian Ruben , G. Marzo Ruslán , Mendoza Isela , Ribeiro Celso C. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPolarization arises when the underlying network connecting the members of a community or society becomes characterized by highly connected groups with weak intergroup connectivity. The increasing polarization, the strengthening of echo chambers, and the isolation caused by information filters in social networks are increasingly attracting the attention of researchers from different areas of knowledge such as computer science, economics, and social and political sciences. This work presents an annotated review of network polarization measures and models used to handle the polarization. Several approaches for measuring polarization in graphs and networks were identified, including those based on homophily, modularity, random walks, and balance theory. The strategies used for reducing polarization include methods that propose edge or node editions (including insertions or deletions as well as edge weight modifications), changes in social network design, or changes in the recommendation systems embedded in these networks.
The role of prophylactic antibiotics in elective inguinal tension‐free hernia repair: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Tian Xiao‐Jun , Wang Xian‐Min , Lei Yue‐Hua , Wang Deng‐Chao , Wei Jian , Fu Zhao‐Jun , Li Yue‐Juan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWhether to use antibiotics to prevent surgical site infection in elective inguinal tension‐free hernia repair has been controversial. To systematically evaluate the effect of prophylactic antibiotic application in elective inguinal tension‐free hernia repair, we identified all published randomised controlled trials of the effect of prophylactic antibiotic application on elective inguinal tension‐free hernia repair were collected by computer retrieval from the China National Knowledge Infrastructure; VIP Database; Wanfang Database; China Biomedical Literature Database; and PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane Library databases. Meta‐analysis was performed by RevMan 5.3 software. The meta‐analysis showed that the total incidence of surgical site infections [P = 0.003] and the incidence of superficial surgical site infections [P = 0.004] in the antibiotic group (AG) were lower than those in the non‐antibiotic group (NAG). There was no significant difference in the total incidence of postoperative infections [P = 0.06], deep surgical site infections [P = 0.26] and seroma [P = 0.52] between the AG and the NAG. Based on current evidence, the application of prophylactic antibiotics in elective inguinal tension‐free hernia repair can prevent the total incidence of surgical site infections and that of superficial surgical site infections but cannot prevent the total incidence of postoperative infection events, incidence of deep surgical site infections and incidence of seroma.
Statistical analysis of the strength reliability of the MAX phases
Authors: Yin Hang , He Xiaodong , Song Guangping , Zheng Yongting , Bai Yuelei 
Published: October 2022

AbstractA good comprehension of the mechanical property stability is crucial in promoting the structural applications of the MAX phases. This study aims to determine the most suitable intensity distribution for the experimental flexural strength of present Ti3AlC2 and previous Ti3SiC2, optimize the fitting parameters, and explore the error sources. After comparing two‐parameter Weibull, three‐parameter (3P) Weibull, and other three distributions, the 3P‐Weibull distribution is the most suitable for the MAX phases. The different parameter estimation methods, rank estimators, and minimum used sample numbers of 3P‐Weibull were tested to determine safe and accurate parameter values for engineering application. Furthermore, the 3P‐Weibull modulus (2.32 for Ti3AlC2 and 2.04 for Ti3SiC2) indicates that the MAX phases occupy a middle ground between typical metals and ceramics, attributing to their high fracture toughness and the R‐curve behavior. These findings would open up prospects for the standardization of testing methods for the Weibull statistics of the MAX phases.
Review on the sublethal effects of pure and formulated glyphosate on bees: Emphasis on social bees
Authors: Battisti Lucas , Potrich Michele , Lozano Everton Ricardi , dos Reis Martinez Claudia Bueno , Sofia Silvia Helena 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBees are declining worldwide, and the use of pesticides has been linked to this problem. Studies show that even herbicides can negatively impact bees, causing death or compromising health. As a result, concern about the use of glyphosate (GLY) has increased, as it is the most sold pesticide. Studies have shown that exposure of bees to GLY can trigger sublethal effects. Considering the speed with which information is published, reviews become important for the integration of knowledge, aiding understanding of the topic. Therefore, the present study aimed to review the literature on the sublethal effects of GLY and the different commercial formulations on bees. After the literary review, it was observed that the exposition, acute and chronic, of larvae and adults of social and solitary bees, to GLY and its formulations, can trigger alterations in gene expression, enzyme functioning, oxidative metabolism, cell/tissue structure, intestinal microbiota diversity, learning, food consumption, flight and vertical displacement capacity, circadian cycle and body development of these insects. The most used species in the studies was Apis mellifera L. Studies are still necessary to understand the sublethal effects of GLY on bees, in the medium and long term, on colony homeostasis, especially about the information on the toxicity of some surfactants present in the different commercial formulations.
The Interior as a Witness: Interwar Interiors in Flanders Captured by Forensic Files
Authors: Sterckx Marjan 
Published: October 2022

The common resources for studying historic homes offer staged and idealized representations of interiors which reveal little about how these spaces were inhabited and by whom. With a rather limited scope of sources available for reliable images of “real,” vernacular home environments, I advocate for the use of forensic photography and files in interior design historical research to broaden our image and understanding of such modes of living. As a case study, I examine, by close inspection and visual analysis, 40 crime cases from the Belgian provinces of Antwerp and East–Flanders, recorded between 1929 and 1937, containing interior photographs, floor plans, and judicial reports. The sample spans different social strata and building types, living circumstances, and locations—urban, suburban, and rural, demonstrating how many of the people in that era lived in old(er) houses, deprived of the newest sanitary, heating, and lighting amenities. It attests to the passing down over generations of rugs, furniture, utensils and decorative objects, and the randomness of their presence, with traces of gradual modernization, from washing machines to radios, club seats, and fashionable wallpapers. Forensic photographs offer a nonstaged representation of reality. Thus, they provide a reality check, showing how mainstream interiors were really used and how they evolved over a period of time.
Bolsonaro's far‐right populist environmental and climate diplomacy
Authors: Toni Ana , Feitosa Chaves Cíntya 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBrazilian diplomacy has historically used the environmental agenda as a soft‐power tool, particularly regarding climate change, but this situation has drastically changed under Jair Bolsonaro's administration. Imitating other far‐right populists and their antienvironmental rhetoric, especially Donald Trump's, Bolsonaro attempted to use the topic to inflame his domestic supporters against international players. On the one hand, this strategy weakened Brazilian influence in bilateral and multilateral forums; on the other, dismantling environmental policies and governance structures had substantial consequences, especially in deforestation rates and attacks on traditional communities. This article analyzes the Bolsonaro administration's stand on the environment and climate issues and the repercussions of its policies and rhetoric in Brazil's domestic and foreign scenarios. We conclude that changes in the international context, especially after Trump's electoral defeat in the United States, led to a softening of Bolsonaro's international environmental and climate discourse, with no substantial policy changes internally. Although climate denialism is a centerpiece of the discourse of far‐right populists, this empirical analysis indicates that, in the case of Brazil, this narrative did not bring significant results to Bolsonaro in terms of support or international relevance.
Leveled odds? Attorney capability, team litigation, and outcomes in administrative patent cases
Authors: Miller Banks , Curry Brett 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe examine the impact of legal representation in an administrative setting. Focusing on adversarial proceedings within the United States Patent and Trademark Office and employing new data on patent litigation, we investigate patent rights—a legal area dominated by specialized, upper‐hemisphere litigation teams that generally represent parties with ample resources. Even in an environment with substantial parity in representational capability, we find that litigation team quality matters. Perceived firm quality and litigation team size both enhance the likelihood of victory; these findings are robust under a number of different approaches used to account for the ability of attorneys to select their clients.
Coordinated regulation of plant defense and autoimmunity by paired trihelix transcription factors ASR3/AITF1 in Arabidopsis
Authors: Wang Ying , Tang Meng , Zhang Ying , Huang Mengling , Wei Lan , Lin Yang , Xie Jiatao , Cheng Jiasen , Fu Yanping , Jiang Daohong , Li Bo , Yu Xiao 
Published: October 2022

Summary

Plants perceive pathogens and induce robust transcriptional reprogramming to rapidly achieve immunity. The mechanisms of how immune‐related genes are transcriptionally regulated remain largely unknown.

Previously, the trihelix transcriptional factor ARABIDOPSIS SH4‐RELATED 3 (ASR3) was shown to negatively regulate pattern‐triggered immunity (PTI) in Arabidopsis thaliana. Here, we identified another trihelix family member ASR3‐Interacting Transcriptional Factor 1 (AITF1) as an interacting protein of ASR3.

ASR3‐Interacting Transcriptional Factor 1 and ASR3 form heterogenous and homogenous dimers in planta. Both aitf1 and asr3 single mutants exhibited increased resistance against the bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae, but the double mutant showed reduced resistance, suggesting AITF1 and ASR3 interdependently regulate immune gene expression and resistance. Overexpression of AITF1 triggered autoimmunity dependently on its DNA‐binding ability and the presence of ASR3. Notably, autoimmunity caused by overexpression of AITF1 was dependent on a TIR‐NBS‐LRR (TNL) protein suppressor of AITF1‐induced autoimmunity 1 (SAA1), as well as enhanced disease susceptibility 1 (EDS1), the central regulator of TNL signaling. ASR3‐Interacting Transcriptional Factor 1 and ASR3 directly activated SAA1 expression through binding to the GT‐boxes in SAA1 promoter.

Collectively, our results revealed a mechanism of trihelix transcription factor complex in regulating immune gene expression, thereby modulating plant disease resistance and autoimmunity.
Kirschner Wire as a Reference Marker for the Positioning of a Syndesmotic Screw: A Radiological Study and Clinical Evaluation
Authors: Zhang Congming , Zhang Chengcheng , Huang Qiang , Sun Liang , Ren Chen , Lu Yao , Xu Yibo , Lin Hua , Zhang Kun , Ma Teng , Li Zhong 
Published: October 2022

ObjectiveNo consensus has been reached regarding optimal implantation for a syndesmotic screw. Thus, we aimed to explore the feasibility of a reliable and static fibular incisura plane reference for ideal syndesmotic screw placement.MethodsA retrospective review of computed tomography (CT) scans of 42 uninjured adult ankles with foot fractures were analyzed to measure the tibiofibular vertical distance (TFVD) at 2.5 cm proximal to the plafond from August 2016 to June 2017 in our hospital. The patients (20 females, 22 males) were divided into four groups according to their TFVD: 0–1, 1–2, 2–3, and 3–4 mm, and patients in each group were counted. We retrospectively assessed 41 patients (15 females, 26 males) who underwent syndesmotic screw fixation for ankle fractures from December 2015 to June 2020. We performed t‐testing of two independent samples to determine the differences in the angle between the anatomic axis of the syndesmosis and screw axis (AAS) and ankle function using the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) score at 3 and 6 months postoperatively between the conventional (20 patients) and K‐wire marker (21 patients) groups. The correlation between the AAS and AOFAS score was analyzed.ResultsThe TFVD measured 2.23 ± 1.01 mm at 2.5 cm proximal to the plafond, and occurred at 25% of the distance from 2 to 3 mm in 47.6% of the patients. This new technique decreased AAS deformation by 62%, from 13.01° ± 2.84° to 4.89° ± 2.43°, in the conventional group (p < 0.001). At 3 months postoperatively, the AOFAS scores of ankle function were similar in both groups, but it was significantly better in the new group than that of conventional group at the 6‐month follow‐up (p = 0.024). There was a moderate negative correlation between AAS and AOFAS score at 6 months postoperatively (R = −0.684). No obvious complications affecting ankle function were observed in either group postoperatively.ConclusionsSurgeons can accurately place a screw trajectory using the fibular incisura plane as a reliable intraoperative reference. A 1.6‐mm K‐wire placed in the syndesmosis at 2.5 cm proximal to the tibial plafond could act as a static marker of the syndesmotic plane.
Challenging the ability intuition: From personal to extended to distributed belief‐forming processes
Authors: Shieber Joseph 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMuch of what we know results from information sources on which we epistemically rely. This fact about epistemic reliance, however, stands in tension with a very powerful intuition governing knowledge, an intuition that Pritchard (e.g., 2010) has termed the “ability intuition,” the idea that a believer's “reliable cognitive faculties are the most salient part of the total set of causal factors that give rise to [their] believing the truth” (Vaesen, 2011, p. 518; compare Greco, 2003; 2009; 2010). In this paper I suggest that this tension may indeed be ineliminable. I proceed by canvassing some representative attempts to reconcile epistemic reliance and the ability intuition. In doing so, I suggest that all of these attempts founder on one or the other of two elements of what I've previously described (Shieber, 2013, 2015) as a “personalist presumption” in discussions of social epistemology: an excessive focus on (i) reliability filters within the persons who are the recipients of information or (ii) on reliable truth‐tracking and ‐conveying abilities in the persons who are the transmitters of information. In conclusion, I suggest how best to resolve the tension: by abandoning the ability intuition.
Influencing factors of loneliness among older adults in China: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Zuo Shufang , Lin Lu , Chen Si , Wang Ziyu , Tian Li , Li Huilling , Xu Yong 
Published: October 2022

China has a large and rapidly growing older population. Loneliness is associated with a range of negative health outcomes in older adults. However, to date, there is still a lack of comprehensive and systematic evidence on the factors influencing loneliness among older adults in China. Nine Chinese and English databases were searched by computer from inception to March 2022: China Knowledge Network, WanFang Data, Chinese Scientific Journal Database, SinoMed, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, PsycINFO, and Cochrane Library. Studies on factors influencing loneliness among older adults in China were included. Two reviewers independently completed the literature screening, quality evaluation, and data extraction, and statistical analyses were performed using Review Manager 5.4 software. A total of 15 studies were included in the review, with 47 066 participants in total. Fifty‐nine influencing factors of loneliness in older Chinese were involved. Twenty factors with a total of 30 subfactors that were involved in two or more studies and with extractable data were included in the data synthesis. Eleven subfactors were not statistically significantly associated with loneliness, namely, male, female, lower age, higher education level, health status—fair, health status—poor, social support—none/low, no health insurance, smoking, alcohol consumption, and body mass index—overweight and above (all P > 0.05), while the remaining 19 subfactors (concerning 15 factors) were significantly associated with loneliness in older adults in China (all P < 0.05). This study suggested that age, education level, marital status, living arrangement, having (no) children, receiving family support, relationship with family members, being with or without chronic diseases, health status, activities of daily living, social support, social activities, financial status, satisfaction with housing conditions, and the decision‐making right for major household expenditures were the main influencing factors of loneliness among older adults in China.
Ameliorative effect of silymarin on the quality of frozen–thawed boar spermatozoa
Authors: Yue Shunli , Wang Shunwei , Liu Xue , Bian Xiaoqi , Ding Chang , Wu Tong , Li Dantong , Zhou Jiabo 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAlthough Silymarin (SMN) has powerful antioxidant properties, little is known about its effects on the quality of frozen–thawed boar sperm. The present study aimed to evaluate the influences of SMN added to the thawing extender on boar sperm parameters essential for fertilization. The frozen–thawed semen was diluted in a Modena thawing extender supplemented with different concentrations of SMN (0, 5, 10, 20 and 50 μM respectively), and then the changes in quality parameters, antioxidant capacity, mitochondrial function and in vitro fertilization (IVF) capability of frozen–thawed sperm were assessed. Here we demonstrated that the motility, plasma membrane integrity and acrosomal integrity of frozen–thawed sperm improved efficiently by SMN (p < .05). In antioxidant parameters evaluation, the tROS level and MDA content of frozen–thawed spermatozoa were reduced in the 20 μM SMN group, while the T‐AOC activity significantly increased (p < .05), indicating that the supplementation with SMN can promote the antioxidant capacity of frozen–thawed boar sperm. Besides, we also discovered that the addition of SMN significantly upregulated ATP content and enhanced the mitochondrial activity of sperm. More interestingly, SMN promoted the activities of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes (MRCC) I, II, III and IV in frozen–thawed sperm significantly. Functionally, the higher penetration rate and increased total efficiency of fertilization were observed in the 20 μM SMN group. In summary, supplementation with SMN in the thawing medium ameliorates the quality of frozen–thawed boar sperm by enhancing mitochondrial respiratory capacity, producing large amounts of ATP and regulating ROS formation.
Active Vibration Mitigation of Bladed Structures With Piezoelectric Patches by Decentralized Positive Position Feedback Controller
Authors: Paknejad Ahmad , Jamshidi Rasa , Pathak Shashank , Collette Christophe 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This paper proposes an active damping system to mitigate the vibration of bladed assemblies. The damping system consists of multiple pairs of piezoelectric patches accompanied by a decentralized control configuration. To maximize the control authority, the size and the location of the patches are optimized based on maximizing the strain energy. In each pair, one patch is used as a sensor and the other one as an actuator. As the control plants of such configuration have no high-frequency roll-off, a second-order low-pass filter known as a positive position feedback (PPF) controller is considered as the control law. The parameters of the controller are tuned based on maximizing the closed-loop damping of the first family of modes. This active damping system is implemented on a monobloc bladed rail which is representative of a portion of bladed drum, i.e., BluM. Numerical simulations are performed to assess the performance of the designed control system and experimental tests are carried out to validate the numerical design.
Inverse Optimal Control for Maximizing Harvested Energy From Dynamical Systems
Authors: Do K. D. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This paper formulates and solves a new problem of inverse optimal control to maximize harvested energy from dynamical systems induced by external excitations. An inverse optimal control law is designed to minimize a cost function penalizing negativeness of the harvested energy and positiveness of the control and system (partial) states, where it does not require to solve a Hamilton–Jacobi–Belman (HJB) equation or a Hamilton–Jacobi–Isaacs (HJI) equation. An application to a point absorber wave energy converter (PAWEC) is included to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed theory.
Power and Hydrogen Co-Production in Flexible “Powdrogen” Plants
Authors: de Cataldo Alessandro , Astolfi Marco , Chiesa Paolo , Campanari Stefano , Martelli Emanuele , Silva Paolo , Bedogni Stefano , Ottolina Luca , Tappani Marco , Romano Matteo C. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This study investigates the potential of “Powdrogen” plants for blue hydrogen and decarbonized electric power production, conceived to operate flexibly depending on the electricity price and to increase the capacity factor of the hydrogen production and CO2 separation units. The hydrogen production is based on fired tubular reforming or autothermal reforming technologies with precombustion CO2 capture by a methyl diethanolamine (MDEA) process. The power island is based on a combined cycle with an H2-fired gas turbine and a triple pressure reheat heat recovery steam generator (HRSG). The analysis considers three main plant operating modes: hydrogen mode (reformer at full load with hydrogen export and combined cycle off) and power mode (reformer at full load with all hydrogen burned in the combined cycle), plus an intermediate polygeneration mode, producing both hydrogen and electricity. The possibility of integrating the HRSG and the reformer heat recovery process to feed a single steam turbine has been explored to allow keeping the steam turbine hot also in hydrogen operating mode. The economic analysis investigates the competitivity of the plant for different operating hours in hydrogen and power modes. Results suggest that these plants are likely to be a viable way to produce flexibly low-carbon hydrogen and electricity following the market demand.