bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Variation in and Factors Associated With US County-Level Cancer Mortality, 2008-2019
Authors: Dong Weichuan , Bensken Wyatt P. , Kim Uriel , Rose Johnie , Fan Qinjin , Schiltz Nicholas K. , Berger Nathan A. , Koroukian Siran M. 
Published: September 2022

ImportanceThe association between cancer mortality and risk factors may vary by geography. However, conventional methodological approaches rarely account for this variation.ObjectiveTo identify geographic variations in the association between risk factors and cancer mortality.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis geospatial cross-sectional study used county-level data from the National Center for Health Statistics for individuals who died of cancer from 2008 to 2019. Risk factor data were obtained from County Health Rankings &amp;amp; Roadmaps, Health Resources and Services Administration, and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Analyses were conducted from October 2021 to July 2022.Main Outcomes and MeasuresConventional random forest models were applied nationwide and by US region, and the geographical random forest model (accounting for local variation of association) was applied to assess associations between a wide range of risk factors and cancer mortality.ResultsThe study included 7 179 201 individuals (median age, 70-74 years; 3 409 508 women [47.5%]) who died from cancer in 3108 contiguous US counties during 2008 to 2019. The mean (SD) county-level cancer mortality rate was 177.0 (26.4) deaths per 100 000 people. On the basis of the variable importance measure, the random forest models identified multiple risk factors associated with cancer mortality, including smoking, receipt of Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) benefits, and obesity. The geographical random forest model further identified risk factors that varied at the county level. For example, receipt of SNAP benefits was a high-importance factor in the Appalachian region, North and South Dakota, and Northern California; smoking was of high importance in Kentucky and Tennessee; and female-headed households were high-importance factors in North and South Dakota. Geographic areas with certain high-importance risk factors did not consistently have a corresponding high prevalence of the same risk factors.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cross-sectional study, the associations between cancer mortality and risk factors varied by geography in a way that did not correspond strictly to risk factor prevalence. The degree to which other place-specific characteristics, observed and unobserved, modify risk factor effects should be further explored, and this work suggests that risk factor importance may be a preferable paradigm for selecting cancer control interventions compared with risk factor prevalence.
Patient‐specific radiological protection precautions following Cs collagen embedded Cs‐131 implantation in the brain
Authors: Prasad Kavya , Dauer Lawrence T. , Chu Bae P. , Aramburu‐Nunez David , Cohen Gilad , Beal Kathryn , Imber Brandon S. , Moss Nelson S. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveCesium‐131 brachytherapy is an adjunct for brain tumor treatment, offering potential clinical and radiation protection advantages over other isotopes including iodine‐125. We present evidence‐based radiation safety recommendations from an initial experience with Cs‐131 brachytherapy in the resection cavities of recurrent, previously irradiated brain metastases.MethodsTwenty‐two recurrent brain metastases in 18 patients were resected and treated with permanent Cs‐131 brachytherapy implantation using commercially procured seed‐impregnated collagen tiles (GammaTile, GT Medical Technologies). Exposure to intraoperative staff was monitored with NVLAP‐accredited ring dosimeters. For patient release considerations, NCRP guidelines were used to develop an algorithm for modeling lifetime exposure to family and ancillary staff caring for patients based on measured dose rates.ResultsA median of 16 Cs‐131 seeds were implanted (range 6–46) with median cumulative strength of 58.72U (20.64‐150.42). Resulting dose rates were 1.19 mSv/h (0.28–3.3) on contact, 0.08 mSv/h (0.01–0.35) at 30 cm, and 0.01 mSv/h (0.001–0.03) at 100 cm from the patient. Modeled total caregiver exposure was 0.91 mSv (0.16–3.26), and occupational exposure was 0.06 mSv (0.02–0.23) accounting for patient self‐shielding via skull and soft tissue attenuation. Real‐time dose rate measurements were grouped into brackets to provide close contact precautions for caregivers ranging from 1–3 weeks for adults and longer for pregnant women and children, including cases with multiple implantations.ConclusionsRadiological protection precautions were developed based on patient‐specific emissions and accounted for multiple implantations of Cs‐131, to maintain exposure to staff and the public in accordance with relevant regulatory dose constraints.
Monocyte Recruitment for Vascular Tissue Regeneration
Authors: Nasiri Bita , Yi Tai , Wu Yulun , Smith Randall J. , Podder Ashis Kumar , Breuer Christopher K. , Andreadis Stelios T. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractA strategy to recruit monocytes (MCs) from blood to regenerate vascular tissue from unseeded (cell‐free) tissue engineered vascular grafts is presented. When immobilized on the surface of vascular grafts, the fusion protein, H2R5 can capture blood‐derived MC under static or flow conditions in a shear stress dependent manner. The bound MC turns into macrophages (Mϕ) expressing both M1 and M2 phenotype specific genes. When H2R5 functionalized acellular‐tissue engineered vessels (A‐TEVs) are implanted into the mouse aorta, they remain patent and form a continuous endothelium expressing both endothelial cell (EC) and MC specific proteins. Underneath the EC layer, multiple cells layers are formed coexpressing both smooth muscle cell (SMC) and MC specific markers. Lineage tracing analysis using a novel CX3CR1‐confetti mouse model demonstrates that fluorescently labeled MC populates the graft lumen by two and four weeks postimplantation, providing direct evidence in support of MC/Mϕ recruitment to the graft lumen. Given their abundance in the blood, circulating MCs may be a great source of cells that contribute directly to the endothelialization and vascular wall formation of acellular vascular grafts under the right chemical and biomechanical cues.
Impacts of sub‐optimal water quality on the haemolymph biochemistry, immune status and condition of post‐harvest Southern Rock Lobsters (Jasus edwardsii)
Authors: Day Ryan D. , Fitzgibbon Quinn P. , Gardner Caleb 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPalinurid rock (or spiny) lobsters constitute valuable seafood fisheries around the world. Post‐harvest mortality can have a substantial economic impact on the value of these fisheries and damage the brand identity of an otherwise fungible commodity. In this study, sudden, large‐scale mortalities in the Australian Rock Lobster industry were investigated through comprehensive haemolymph biochemistry panels, measurements of immune status and nutritional condition. A cohort of lobsters (n = 25) was sampled over a 4‐week period at a commercial processing facility, with the final sample occurring during a mortality event. A comparison of 22 biochemical parameters, including electrolytes, minerals, ions, metabolites and enzymes, showed a notable disruption in osmoregulation, protein content and enzymes during weeks 3 and 4 of the study. Haemocyte counts showed a decline in circulating haemocytes by the time of the mortality event along with a shift in the proportion of hyalinocytes to granulocytes favouring the former. The condition index was variable over the sampling schedule, possibly linked to observed incidences of cannibalism, with no evidence of an overall low condition that would explain mortalities. The lobsters sampled in this study did not show any consistent or progressive changes in biochemistry that may indicate a pathogen or disease as a causative agent. Rather, analysis of the water quality within the facility suggested that mortality was due to sub‐optimal water quality characterized by a combination of two factors, a substantial decrease in the pH and potential nitrogen toxicity, that caused a physiological response comprised of an ion imbalance, altered enzyme activity and, ultimately, mortality. These results offer a comprehensive characterization of the impact of unexplained morbidity on the biochemistry and physiology of lobsters, illustrate the harm of sub‐optimal aquaculture practices and highlight the need for a better understanding of aquaculture practices and their effects on economically important seafood industries.
A first complete phylogenomic hypothesis for diploid blueberries (Vaccinium section Cyanococcus)
Authors: Crowl Andrew A. , Fritsch Peter W. , Tiley George P. , Lynch Nathan P. , Ranney Thomas G. , Ashrafi Hamid , Manos Paul S. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPremiseThe true blueberries (Vaccinium sect. Cyanococcus; Ericaceae), endemic to North America, have been intensively studied for over a century. However, with species estimates ranging from nine to 24 and much confusion regarding species boundaries, this ecologically and economically valuable group remains inadequately understood at a basic evolutionary and taxonomic level. As a first step toward understanding the evolutionary history and taxonomy of this species complex, we present the first phylogenomic hypothesis of the known diploid blueberries.MethodsWe used flow cytometry to verify the ploidy of putative diploid taxa and a target‐enrichment approach to obtain a genomic data set for phylogenetic analyses.ResultsDespite evidence of gene flow, we found that a primary phylogenetic signal is present. Monophyly for all morphospecies was recovered, with two notable exceptions: one sample of V. boreale was consistently nested in the V. myrtilloides clade and V. caesariense was nested in the V. fuscatum clade. One diploid taxon, Vaccinium pallidum, is implicated as having a homoploid hybrid origin.ConclusionsThis foundational study represents the first attempt to elucidate evolutionary relationships of the true blueberries of North America with a phylogenomic approach and sets the stage for multiple avenues of future study such as a taxonomic revision of the group, the verification of a homoploid hybrid taxon, and the study of polyploid lineages within the context of a diploid phylogeny.
Development of sensitive colorimetric aptasensor based on short DNA aptamer and its application to screening for paraquat residues in agricultural soil
Authors: Kongpreecha Pakawat , Phanchai Witthawat , Puangmali Theerapong , Siri Sineenat 
Published: September 2022

AbstractParaquat is a widely used herbicide for controlling weeds and grasses in agriculture, and its contaminated residues in agricultural areas are of increasing concern. This work reports the development of the sensitive and easy‐to‐use colorimetric aptasensor for screening paraquat residues in agricultural soil. The short DNA fragments derived from the original aptamer were analyzed for their capability to interact with paraquat by molecular dynamic simulation. The paraquat‐aptasensor was developed using the selected DNA fragment and gold nanoparticles. Its limit of detection (LOD) for paraquat is 2.76 nM, which is more sensitive than the aptasensor with long‐length aptamer (LOD = 12.98 nM). The developed aptasensor shows the selectivity to paraquat, but not to other tested herbicides; ametryn, atrazine, difenzoquat, 2,4‐D‐dimethyl ammonium, and glufosinate. The recovery rates of paraquat detection in the spiked soil samples were in a range of 99.5%–105.1%, with relative standard deviation values of <4%. The developed aptasensor was used to screen for paraquat residues in agricultural soils, and three out of 23 soil samples were tested positive for paraquat, which was confirmed by a high‐performance liquid chromatography analysis. These results suggested the potential application of the developed aptasensor to detect paraquat residues in agricultural sites.
Activity‐Guided Isolation of Cytotoxic Non‐Glycosidic Ester Iridoids from Valeriana alliariifolia Adams and Unravelling Their Cell Death Mechanisms
Authors: Erdoğan Murat , Aru Başak , Tayğun Umut Can , Şimşek Ceren , Yeşilada Erdem , Yanıkkaya‐Demirel Gülderen , Kırmızıbekmez Hasan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe aim of this study was to isolate the cytotoxic compounds from V. alliariifolia via activity‐guided isolation and to determine the mechanism of actions of the most potent ones. The crude EtOH extract as well as CHCl3 and AcOEt subextracts demonstrated remarkable cytotoxic activities against A549, MCF7, HGC27 and PC3 cancer cells. Sequential chromatographic separations on active subextracts yielded 14 secondary metabolites, including 11 iridoids (1–11) most of which belong to non‐glycosidic ester iridoids, two phenylpropanoids (12 and 13) and one lignan (14). The chemical structures of purified compounds were elucidated by NMR and MS analysis. Among the isolates, 7‐deisovaleroylvaltrate (3) was isolated for the first time as a natural product. According to the cytotoxic assay compounds, 2, 4–6 and 8 were found to be the potent cytotoxic compounds (IC50 <10 μM) against at least one of the tested cancer cell lines. Thus, 2, 4–6 and 8 were investigated for their effects on apoptotic, necrotic and autophagic pathways as well as cell cycle progression. They exerted anticancer activities by inducing different cell death mechanisms depending on the cancer cells. The results demonstrated that 2, 4–6 and 8 could be potential anticancer drug leads that deserve further in vivo and clinical studies on the way to discover novel natural compounds with anticancer properties.
Identification of 2,4‐Dinitro‐Biphenyl‐Based Compounds as MAPEG Inhibitors
Authors: Di Micco Simone , Terracciano Stefania , Pierri Martina , Cantone Vincenza , Liening Stefanie , König Stefanie , Garscha Ulrike , Hofstetter Robert Klaus , Koeberle Andreas , Werz Oliver , Bruno Ines , Bifulco Giuseppe 
Published: September 2022

AbstractWe identified 2,4‐dinitro‐biphenyl‐based compounds as new inhibitors of leukotriene C4 synthase (LTC4S) and 5‐lipoxygenase‐activating protein (FLAP), both members of the “Membrane Associated Proteins in Eicosanoid and Glutathione metabolism” (MAPEG) family involved in the biosynthesis of pro‐inflammatory eicosanoids. By molecular docking we evaluated the putative binding against the targets of interest, and by applying cell‐free and cell‐based assays we assessed the inhibition of LTC4S and FLAP by the small molecules at low micromolar concentrations. The present results integrate the previously observed inhibitory profile of the tested compounds against another MAPEG member, i. e., microsomal prostaglandin E2 synthase (mPGES)‐1, suggesting that the 2,4‐dinitro‐biphenyl scaffold is a suitable molecular platform for a multitargeting approach to modulate pro‐inflammatory mediators in inflammation and cancer treatment.
Purification of Self‐Assembled DNA Tetrahedra Using Gel Electrophoresis
Authors: Patel Akul , Valsangkar Vibhav , Halvorsen Ken , Chandrasekaran Arun Richard 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDNA nanostructures have found applications in a variety of fields such as biosensing, drug delivery, cellular imaging, and computation. Several of these applications require purification of the DNA nanostructures once they are assembled. Gel electrophoresis–based purification of DNA nanostructures is one of the methods used for this purpose. Here, we describe a step‐by‐step protocol for a gel‐based method to purify self‐assembled DNA tetrahedra. With further optimization, this method could also be adapted for other DNA nanostructures. © 2022 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol: Purification of self‐assembled DNA tetrahedra
Diagnosing chronic pancreatitis by endoscopic ultrasound assessing the association between ultrasound and pathological findings: A narrative review
Authors: Yamamiya Akira , Irisawa Atsushi , Abe Yoko , Arisaka Takahiro , Ohnishi Toshihiko , Hoshi Koki , Suzuki Tsunehiro , Nagashima Kazunori , Kashima Ken , Kunogi Yasuhito , Sakuma Fumi , Fukushi Koh , Ishikawa Manabu , Mizuguchi Nasuka , Yamaguchi Shintaro , Tominaga Keiichi , Goda Kenichi 
Published: September 2022

AbstractEndoscopic ultrasound (EUS) is widely recognized for its non‐invasiveness and for its usefulness in chronic pancreatitis (CP) diagnosis, including early CP. Although it is desirable to obtain a definitive diagnosis of CP by tissue sampling with EUS‐guided fine needle aspiration, histopathological changes in CP are heterogeneous in terms of the extent and the distribution of lesions. Therefore, histopathological diagnosis of appropriate tissue sampling by EUS‐fine needle aspiration is expected to be difficult. Furthermore, it is virtually impossible to match EUS images with pathological sections, making direct contrast between EUS findings and pathology difficult. This narrative review presents a discussion of the diagnosis of CP/early CP by EUS, particularly assessing the association between ultrasound and pathological findings. Recently, the histological corroboration and correlation of EUS findings related to CP have been clarified by surgical specimens, including those obtained from animal studies. Furthermore, remarkable advances have occurred in the objective and quantitative diagnosis of pancreatic fibrosis by EUS‐elastography. Future technological advances in EUS are expected to improve the accuracy of diagnosis of pancreatic fibrosis at earlier stages.
Accelerating the research‐to‐practice translation of eating disorder apps and other digital interventions: Commentary on O'Leary and Torous (2022)
Authors: Graham Andrea K. , Fitzsimmons‐Craft Ellen E. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSmartphone apps are increasingly being developed to address mental health problems, including eating disorders. Yet a review by O'Leary and Torous (2022) revealed the dearth of publicly available evidence‐based apps for eating disorders, despite growing research in this area in recent years. The lack of publicly available evidence‐based apps is problematic for society and reflects a gap in the research‐to‐practice translation of the advances that have been made through academic research in this area. We detail barriers that academic researchers face to such translation, including the lack of incentives and pathways for making these interventions available beyond the academic institutions in which they are often created. The effective translation of eating disorder apps, and other digital approaches, from research to practice will require new approaches, including bolstering successful and sustainable translation through partnerships across sectors, being more proactive toward research‐to‐practice translation, and designing more sustainable digital interventions. Harnessing such approaches can improve the availability of evidence‐based eating disorder apps and other digital approaches. Additionally, academic researchers are encouraged to be advocates within their institutions and with funding agencies to find ways to better incentivize and fund these efforts.
Comparing adaptive coding of reward in bipolar I disorder and schizophrenia
Authors: Kaliuzhna Mariia , Kirschner Matthias , Tobler Philippe N. , Kaiser Stefan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDeficits in neural processing of reward have been described in both bipolar disorder (BD) and schizophrenia (SZ), but it remains unclear to what extent these deficits are caused by similar mechanisms. Efficient reward processing relies on adaptive coding which allows representing large input spans by limited neuronal encoding ranges. Deficits in adaptive coding of reward have previously been observed across the SZ spectrum and correlated with total symptom severity. In the present work, we sought to establish whether adaptive coding is similarly affected in patients with BD. Twenty‐five patients with BD, 27 patients with SZ and 25 healthy controls performed a variant of the Monetary Incentive Delay task during functional magnetic resonance imaging in two reward range conditions. Adaptive coding was impaired in the posterior part of the right caudate in BD and SZ (trend level). In contrast, BD did not show impaired adaptive coding in the anterior caudate and right precentral gyrus/insula, where SZ showed deficits compared to healthy controls. BD patients show adaptive coding deficits that are similar to those observed in SZ in the right posterior caudate. Adaptive coding in BD appeared more preserved as compared to SZ participants especially in the more anterior part of the right caudate and to a lesser extent also in the right precentral gyrus. Thus, dysfunctional adaptive coding could constitute a fundamental deficit in severe mental illnesses that extends beyond the SZ spectrum.
Hippocampal responses to electrical stimulation of the major input pathways are modulated by dentate spikes
Authors: Lehtonen Suvi‐Maaria , Waselius Tomi , Penttonen Markku , Nokia Miriam S. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDentate gyrus (DG) is important for pattern separation and spatial memory, and it is thought to gate information flow to the downstream hippocampal subregions. Dentate spikes (DSs) are high‐amplitude, fast, positive local‐field potential events taking place in the DG during immobility and sleep, and they have been connected to memory consolidation in rodents. DSs are a result of signaling from the entorhinal cortex (EC) to the DG, and they suppress firing of pyramidal cells in the CA3 and CA1. To study the effects of DSs to signaling in the hippocampal tri‐synaptic loop, we electrically stimulated the afferent fibers of the DG, CA3, and CA1 in adult male Sprague–Dawley rats at different delays from DSs. Responses to stimulation were increased in the EC‐DG synapse during DSs, and the effect was amplified after theta‐burst stimulation. We concluded that DSs strengthen the excitatory signal from the EC to the DG, which is reinforced by synapse potentiation and increased excitability of granule cells after theta‐burst stimulation. This signal boosting may function in enhancing plastic changes in the DG‐CA3 synapse. As responses in the CA3 and CA1 remained unaffected by the DS, the DS‐contingent silencing of pyramidal cells seems to be a result of a decrease in excitatory input rather than a decrease in the excitability of the pyramidal cells themselves. In addition, we found that the DSs occur asynchronously in the left and right hippocampi, giving novel evidence of lateralization of the rodent hippocampus.