bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HUBUNGAN STATUS PEKERJAAN DAN PENGETAHUAN IBU DENGAN PEMBERIAN ASI ESKLUSIF DI KELURAHAN TANAH ENAM RATUS KECAMATAN MEDAN MARELAN TAHUN 2021
Authors: B Mastiur Julianti 
Published: February 2022

Indikator keberhasilan pembangunan kesehatan dapat dilihat dari peningkatan atau penurunan derajat kesehatan. Salah satu indikator derajat kesehatan tersebut adalah Angka Kematian Bayi (AKB). Angka Kematian Bayi (AKB) tahun 2012 masih tinggi yaitu 32 per 1.000 kelahiran hidup, sementara target Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) tahun 2015 untuk AKB sebesar 23 per 1.000 kelahiran hidup (SDKI, 2012). ASI eksklusif adalah bayi hanya diberi ASI saja selama 6 bulan, tanpa tambahan cairan lain seperti susu formula, jeruk, madu, air teh, dan air putih (Kristiyanisari, 2011). Menurut WHO menyusui eksklusif adalah tidak memberi bayi makanan atau minuman lain, termasuk air putih di samping menyusui kecuali obat-obatan dan mineral tetes, ASI perah juga diperbolehkan sampai minimal umur 6 bulan (Kemenkes RI, 2014). ASI dapat diberikan sampai bayi berusia 2 tahun atau bahkan lebih dari 2 tahun (Roesli, 2010). Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan status pekerjaan dan pengetahuan Ibu dengan pemberian ASI Eksklusif di Kelurahan Tanah Enam Ratus Kecamatan Medan Marelan Tahun 2021. Teknik sampling dalam penelitian ini adalah purposive sampling. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh ibu yang memiliki bayi >6-24 bulan di Kelurahan Tanah Enam Ratus Kecamatan Medan Marelan sebanyak 70 orang dan sampel menggunakan total sampling. Analisis data menggunakan uji chi square. Hasil uji chi square menunjukkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada hubungan status pekerjaan (p=0,00), pengetahuan (p=0,000) dengan pemberian ASI Eksklusif. Diharapkan kepada ibu yang memiliki bayi dan ibu hamil dapat meluangkan waktu untuk mengikuti penyuluhan yang diselenggarakan oleh tenaga kesehatan di Kelurahan Tanah Enam Ratus Kecamatan Medan Marelan tentang pentingnya pemberian ASI Ekslusif.
KONSERVASI KUPU-KUPU SEBAGAI SERANGGA PENYERBUK YANG PENTING DI TAMAN NASIONAL BANTIMURUNG-BULUSARAUNG
Authors: Ngatimin Sri Nur Aminah 
Published: February 2022

The purpose of study is to identify the species and frequency of butterfly visited on three types of flowers namely: Ixora paludosa, Hibiscus rosa-chinensis and Clerodendron japonicum. The information is very useful in the conservation effort of pollinator insects, especially butterflies that live around the Bantimurung-Bulusaraung National Park, Maros district, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Research activities in the field trials were located in Simbang village (5 ° 01'23.2 "S and 119 ° 40'33.6" E), Maros district, South Sulawesi. The research was conducted in August to September 2018. There were two families butterflies visited the flowers i.e : Pieridae and Papilionidae. Six species of butterflies visited I. paludosa flowers, four species visited H. rosa chinensis and seven species visited C. japonicum. The dominant butterfly species visited I. paludosa : Graphium agamemnon and Catopsilia scylla. The species of butterflies in H. rosa-chinensis are Papilio demolion and Troides helena, while those who frequently visited C. japonicum flower: C. pomona and C. scyllaKey words : butterfly, nectar, insect pollinator, Bantimurung, Sulawesi
Letsels, woede en verhalen van herstel
Authors: Vermeersch Peter 
Published: February 2022

Hurt, anger, and narratives of repair
In this essay Peter Vermeersch, a social scientist and writer, describes his personal journey to the world of restorative justice. It starts with a group encounter between inmates and victims of non-related crimes in a Belgian prison. As one of the participants in this meeting the author discusses his experience as the victim of a robbery. He also gives an account of his experience as member of a jury trial for a murder case in Brussels, about which he published a book (2019). Vermeersch reflects on his role as juror, illuminates the short-comings of the justice system and its old-fashioned architecture, and most importantly, observes the complex human realities that hide behind the standard images of offenders, victims and other people involved in a crime. In this context, he asks what justice is, thinks about what the role of punishment and retribution can be, and, more broadly, discusses the potential of citizens’ participation and deliberation in issues of public interest. The essay includes several references to film, poetry and other literature that challenges stereotypical images of good and evil. It concludes with a discussion of the wider societal meaning and possible role of restorative justice.
Tumor Genomic Profiling andEx VivoDrug Sensitivity Testing for Pediatric Leukemia and Lymphoma Patients
Authors: Eaton Aubrie , Wong Victor , Schiff Deborah , Anderson Eric , Ding Hilda , Capparelli Edmund V. , Determan Deb , Kuo Dennis John 
Published: February 2022

OBJECTIVETo describe the frequency of use of tumor genomic profiling and functional ex vivo drug sensitivity testing in pediatric patients with hematologic malignancies at our institution, and to determine how the results affected treatment selection.METHODSA retrospective chart review was conducted to analyze the frequency of tumor genomic profiling and functional drug sensitivity screening in our institution in pediatric patients with hematologic malignancies and to ask if the results were used to direct treatment. A case series of patients for whom these testing recommendations resulted in therapeutic interventions is reported.RESULTSThirty-three patients underwent tumor genomic profiling assays, functional ex vivo testing, or both. Nineteen patients (58%) had genomic profiling assays performed alone, 3 (9%) had functional ex vivo testing performed alone, and 11 (33%) had both tests performed. Twenty-one (64%) patients had potentially actionable mutations detected by the genomic profiling assay. Seven (21%) patients received at least 1 chemotherapeutic agent in accordance with the tumor genomic profiling or functional ex vivo drug sensitivity testing results. Three (43%) of the 7 patients who were treated with testing directed therapy had a favorable treatment response (PR or CR) to treatments selected based upon results of genomic or functional ex vivo testing.CONCLUSIONSThis retrospective case series demonstrates that precision medicine techniques such as genomic profiling and drug sensitivity testing can positively inform treatment selection in pediatric patients with relapsed or refractory leukemia and lymphoma.
Trazodone Prescribing for Children With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder on Medicaid in Oregon
Authors: Klein Tracy A. , Graves Janessa M. , Panther Shannon 
Published: February 2022

OBJECTIVE
To examine trazodone prescribing to Medicaid-insured children with a diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) from 2012 to 2016 for patient-level factors, including coexisting diagnoses associated with trazodone prescriptions.

METHODS
A retrospective cohort study used de-identified claims data from the Oregon Health Authority to analyze associations, frequency, and likelihood of new trazodone fills.

RESULTS
A total of 16,547 trazodone prescriptions were identified, representing 8.4% (n = 2,705) of 32,134 children. Most were filled for children ages 10 years and older. Children with ADHD were predominantly male (70.7%); however, more female children had a filled trazodone prescription compared with males (10.1% vs 7.7%). Female and male children with a filled trazodone prescription shared common diagnoses in the top 10 rank, although episodic mood disorders, such as bipolar disorder (International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification, diagnosis code 296) were only noted for female children. Female children were significantly older at the time of the first filled trazodone prescription (12.5 years; 95% CI, 12.3–12.7) compared with male children (12.0 years; 95% CI, 11.8–12.1). Modified Poisson regression models found children with ADHD and a filled trazodone prescription were 3 times more likely to have a sleep-related diagnosis as their most common diagnosis (excluding ADHD), compared with those of the same age and sex without a trazodone prescription (RR, 2.94; 95% CI, 2.44–3.54).

CONCLUSIONS
Children with ADHD are prescribed trazodone off label and for conditions with no national guidelines or clinical evidence of efficacy. Female children on Medicaid may be prescribed trazodone for concurrent mental health conditions, and further research is warranted regarding potential correlates.
Implementation of an Automatic 48-Hour Vancomycin Hard-Stop in a Pediatric Community Hospital
Authors: Cowart Mallory C. , Miller Danielle , Laham Federico R. , Jordan-Villegas Alejandro 
Published: February 2022

OBJECTIVE
Previous studies evaluating antimicrobial time-outs and required stop dates on antimicrobial orders indicate that these strategies are effective in decreasing antimicrobial duration and cost without a negative impact on patient outcomes. Few have evaluated use of a hard-stop strategy. The purpose of this study was to determine the feasibility and impact of a vancomycin hard-stop at 48 hours of therapy on vancomycin use.

METHODS
This retrospective review compared 2 groups, a hard-stop pre-implementation group from April 2018 through March 2019 and a hard-stop post-implementation group from May 2019 through April 2020. The primary outcome was change in days of therapy (DOT) per ordered course of vancomycin therapy. Secondary outcomes included DOT per 1000 patient days (PD), number of courses continued beyond 48 hours, number of vancomycin concentrations drawn and drug acquisition cost.

RESULTS
A total of 554 courses of vancomycin were prescribed (228 in the pre-implementation group and 326 in the post-implementation group). The median DOT per ordered course of vancomycin was 1.58 days (IQR, 1.00–2.59) in the pre-implementation group compared with 1.55 days (IQR, 1.00–1.99) in the post-implementation group (p = 0.51). Fewer vancomycin courses continued beyond 48 hours after hard-stop implementation (23% versus 33%) and fewer vancomycin concentrations were obtained in the post-implementation period than in the pre-implementation period despite more ordered courses of vancomycin therapy, 114 concentrations versus 153 concentrations, respectively. Overall, the total yearly drug acquisition cost savings to the pharmacy equated to $3000.

CONCLUSIONS
Implementation of a vancomycin hard-stop at 48 hours of therapy is a feasible antimicrobial stewardship tool that may have significant clinical and operational impacts.
The Status and Future of Arabic Use amid Colonial Languages in the Arab World in Times of Globalization and Advanced Technology: A Political and Sociolinguistic Approach
Authors: Lachkar Abdenbi 
Published: February 2022

This paper studies the languages and cultures that are commonly present in individual and collective practices of the Arab world, to understand the extent to which the identity and the linguistic approach in the region are affected by the historical and geographical context. It analyzes the status of Arabic and its future amid colonial languages, such as English and French, in the Arab world, specifically Morocco and Lebanon as case studies, in times of globalization and advanced technology. In a large and diversified arena, such as the Arab world, there is often a strong commitment and devotion to languages, such as Arabic, French, and English. Accordingly, this study further examines how Arabic can strengthen its practice and protect its status in an environment dominated by colonial languages. In this regard, the future of the Arabic language in the current ever-changing sociolinguistic context is subject to questioning and concerns for its official forthcoming evolution. Globalization, internet, social networks, digital technologies, and fast communication are no longer enabling linguistic authorities to provide a clear and accurate vision on the future of this language. Thus, addressing the question of languages in the future pushes researchers to consider and analyze the several linguistic strategies and policies implemented by the concerned authorities who are building and promoting an overall representation within and outside their original area.
Role of Epidermal Growth Factor (EGFR) in Oral Cancer
Authors: Agrawal Akhilesh G. , Hande Alka H. , Bansod Anand , Goenka Yash , Panchabhai Arati 
Published: February 2022

Oral cancer is a pronounced disease and has the sixth-highest incidence among all the cancers occurring worldwide. Epidermal Growth Factor (EGFR) is of most prognostic significance among various markers found in oral squamous cell carcinoma. But no established criterion is universally used to evaluate EGFR expression. EGFR is known to perform a significant role in oral cancer development, and its overexpression dictates the poor clinical course of cancer. It is considered to be not only a valuable prognostic biomarker but also a promising therapeutic target in cancer treatment. Stimulation of EGFR enhances cancer processes, including increased cell division, neovascularization, invasion/metastasis, and escape from apoptosis. Increased EGFR levels are also observed in other cancers of the body. EGFR detection in OSCC can fulfill multiple roles in cancer diagnostics, such as early-stage, prognosis assessment, and treatment plan. The EGFR is a proto-oncogene activated at the cell membrane surface by transforming growth factor-α serves to advance cellular proliferation in cancer tissue. The literature demonstrates that EGFR is an important target for anti-cancer drugs in an advanced stage of head and neck cancers. Hence, understanding EGFR is essential to learning the development cascade of cancer.
Abies webbiana Mediated Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles and Its Anti-inflammatory Activity
Authors: Priyadharshini S. , Jeevitha M. , Rajeshkumar S. , Jayaraman Selvaraj 
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Green nanoparticle synthesis provides a number of advantages, including being environmentally friendly, taking less time, being less expensive, being more stable, and, most significantly, not requiring the use of harmful chemicals.
Aim: The aim of the present study is to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of zinc oxide [ZnO] nanoparticles prepared using Abies webbiana extract.
Materials and Methods: In this study, ZnO nanoparticles were characterised using ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy and inhibition of albumin denaturation assay using A. webbiana extract.
Results: The biosynthesised ZnO particles exhibited potent anti-inflammatory activity to inhibit COX activity. ZnO nanoparticles can be developed as a novel medicine and can be used as an alternative to commercially available anti-inflammatory agents, thus reducing the major health problems.
Conclusion: Using A.webbiana extract, the findings suggest a cost-effective and environmentally friendly production of ZnO nanoparticles. ZnO nanoparticles mediated by A. webbiana showed promising properties. More investigations are required to understand the properties of these nanoparticles, which have a wide range of medical and dental applications.
Correlation of treatment time to target volume for GammaPod treatments: A simple second calculation
Authors: Chen Leah , Becker Stewart J. , McAvoy Sarah Anne , Nichols Elizabeth M. , Guerrero Mariana 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPurposeThe GammaPod is a novel device for stereotactic breast treatments that employs 25 rotating Co‐60 sources while the patient is continuously translated in three axes to deliver a highly conformal dose to the target. There is no commercial software available for independent second calculations. The purpose of this study is to determine an efficient way to estimate GammaPod treatment times based on target volume and use it as a second calculation for patient‐specific quality assurance.MethodsFifty‐nine GammaPod (Xcision Medical Systems, LLC.) breast cancer patient treatments were used as the fitting dataset for this study. Similar to the Curie‐seconds concept in brachytherapy, we considered dose‐rate × time/(prescribed dose) as a function of target volumes. Using a MATLAB (Mathworks, Natick, MA, USA) script, we generated linear (with 95% confidence interval (CI)) and quadratic fits and tested the resulting equations on an additional set of 30 patients.ResultsWe found a strong correlation between the dose‐rate × time/(prescribed dose) and patients’ target volumes for both the linear and quadratic models. The linear fit was selected for use and using the polyval function in MATLAB, a 95% CI graph was created to depict the accuracy of the prediction for treatment times. Testing the model on 30 additional patients with target volumes ranging from 20 to 188 cc yielded treatment times from 10 to 25 min that in all cases were within the predicted CI. The average absolute difference between the predicted and actual treatment times was 1.0 min (range 0–3.3 min). The average percent difference was 5.8% (range 0%–18.4%).ConclusionThis work has resulted in a viable independent calculation for GammaPod treatment times. This method has been implemented as a spreadsheet that is ready for clinical use to predict and verify the accuracy of breast cancer treatment times.
Folding and Fracture of Single‐Crystal Graphene Grown on a Cu(111) Foil
Authors: Luo Da , Choe Myeonggi , Bizao Rafael A. , Wang Meihui , Su Haisheng , Huang Ming , Jin Sunghwan , Li Yunqing , Kim Minhyeok , Pugno Nicola M. , Ren Bin , Lee Zonghoon , Ruoff Rodney S. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA single‐crystal graphene film grown on a Cu(111) foil by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) has ribbon‐like fold structures. These graphene folds are highly oriented and essentially parallel to each other. Cu surface steps underneath the graphene are along the <110> and <211> directions, leading to the formation of the arrays of folds. The folds in the single‐layer graphene (SLG) are not continuous but break up into alternating patterns. A “joint” (an AB‐stacked bilayer graphene) region connects two neighboring alternating regions, and the breaks are always along zigzag or armchair directions. Folds formed in bilayer or few‐layer graphene are continuous with no breaks. Molecular dynamics simulations show that SLG suffers a significantly higher compressive stress compared to bilayer graphene when both are under the same compression, thus leading to the rupture of SLG in these fold regions. The fracture strength of a CVD‐grown single‐crystal SLG film is simulated to be about 70 GPa. This study greatly deepens the understanding of the mechanics of CVD‐grown single‐crystal graphene and such folds, and sheds light on the fabrication of various graphene origami/kirigami structures by substrate engineering. Such oriented folds can be used in a variety of further studies.
Highly Stretchable and Sensitive Strain Sensor based on Ionogel/Ag Synergistic Conductive Network
Authors: Sun Jingxian , Yuan Yixin , Lu Guoqiang , Xue Tanlong , Nie Jun , Lu Yan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractRecently, flexible strain sensors have been intensively studied in order to meet the growing demands of detecting multiscale mechanical deformations. However, it remains a big challenge to integrate high stretchability and high sensitivity in a strain sensor simultaneously. In this study, a highly stretchable and sensitive strain sensor is successfully fabricated by constructing ionogel/silver synergistic conductive network. The transmetalation reaction is utilized to transform the copper atoms in the copper/ionogel nanocomposite into more silver atoms with larger radius, which eliminates the interspace among the nanoparticles, and therefore a silver/ionogel nanocomposite with high conductivity is obtained. Owing to the fragility of the conductive network, the obtained nanocomposite possesses high sensitivity. In addition, as the polymer substrate, the conductive ionogel can connect the crack of the silver conductive network during stretching, endowing the nanocomposite with high stretchability. Hence, the obtained strain sensor exhibits a high sensitivity in a wide sensing range and can detect various human activities. Therefore, this strategy can be envisioned as promising strategy for fabricating high‐performance strain sensors and other flexible electronics.
Polyethylene Glycol‐Like Brush Polymer Conjugate of a Protein Drug Does Not Induce an Antipolymer Immune Response and Has Enhanced Pharmacokinetics than Its Polyethylene Glycol Counterpart
Authors: Ozer Imran , Kelly Garrett , Gu Renpeng , Li Xinghai , Zakharov Nikita , Sirohi Parul , Nair Smita K. , Collier Joel H. , Hershfield Michael S. , Hucknall Angus M. , Chilkoti Ashutosh 
Published: February 2022

AbstractProtein therapeutics, except for antibodies, have a short plasma half‐life and poor stability in circulation. Covalent coupling of polyethylene glycol (PEG) to protein drugs addresses this limitation. However, unlike previously thought, PEG is immunogenic. In addition to induced PEG antibodies, ≈70% of the US population has pre‐existing anti‐PEG antibodies. Both induced and preexisting anti‐PEG antibodies result in accelerated drug clearance, reduced clinical efficacy, and severe hypersensitivity reactions that have limited the clinical utility of uricase, an enzyme drug for treatment for refractory gout that is decorated with a PEG corona. Here, the authors synthesize a poly(oligo(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate) (POEGMA) conjugate of uricase that decorates the protein with multiple polymer chains to create a corona to solve these problems. The resulting uricase‐POEGMA is well‐defined, has high bioactivity, and outperforms its PEG counterparts in its pharmacokinetics (PK). Furthermore, the conjugate does not induce anti‐POEGMA antibodies and is not recognized by anti‐PEG antibodies. These findings suggest that POEGMA conjugation may provide a solution to the immunogenicity and antigenicity limitations of PEG while improving upon its PK benefits. These results transcend uricase and can be applied to other PEGylated therapeutics and the broader class of biologics with suboptimal PK.
One‐Pot Synthesis of Customized Metal–Phenolic‐Network‐Coated AIE Dots for In Vivo Bioimaging
Authors: Xu Changhuo , Peng Chen , Yang Xueqin , Zhang Ruoyao , Zhao Zheng , Yan Bo , Zhang Jun , Gong Junyi , He Xuewen , Kwok Ryan T. K. , Lam Jacky W. Y. , Tang Ben Zhong 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe integration of aggregation‐induced emission luminogens (AIEgens) and inorganic constituents to generate multifunctional nanocomposites has attracted much attention because it couples the bright aggregate‐state fluorescence of AIEgens with the diverse imaging modalities of inorganic constituents. Herein, a facile and universal strategy to prepare metal–phenolic‐network (MPN)‐coated AIE dots in a high encapsulation efficiency is reported. Through precise control on the nucleation of AIEgens and deposition of MPNs in tetrahydrofuran/water mixtures, termed as coacervation, core–shell MPN‐coated AIE dots with bright emission are assembled in a one‐pot fashion. The optical properties of MPN‐coated AIE dots can be readily tuned by varying the incorporated AIEgens. Different metal ions, such as Fe3+, Ti4+, Cu2+, Ni2+, can be introduced to the nanoparticles. The MPN‐coated AIE dots with a red‐emissive AIEgen core are successfully used to perform magnetic resonance/fluorescence dual‐modality imaging in a tumor‐bearing mouse model and blood flow visualization in a zebrafish larva. It is believed that the present study provides a tailor‐made nanoplatform to meet the individual needs of in vivo bioimaging.