bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
WITHDRAWN: Effect of nano-scale grain dimensions on the ballistic and diffusive phonon transport properties of graphene nanoribbons
Authors: Chen Junjie 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
A phonon is a unit of vibrational energy that arises from oscillating atoms within a crystal. The study of phonons is an important part of condensed matter physics. The present study relates to the ballistic and diffusive phonon transport properties of graphene nanoribbons deposited on a silicon carbide substrate. The two-dimensional crystal has dimensions comparable to or smaller than the mean free path of phonons. The effect of nano-scale grain dimensions on the phonon transport properties of the two-dimensional crystal was investigated theoretically and experimentally. The characteristics of ballistic and diffusive heat conduction in the two-dimensional crystal were investigated. The edge-scattering effects arising from the crystal edges were determined in order to increase phonon transport and reduce phonon scattering in the two-dimensional crystal. The results indicated that phonons play a major role in the ballistic and diffusive phonon transport properties of graphene nanoribbons. Heat conduction is mediated by the combination of propagation and collisions of phonons. The heat flux is carried almost entirely by phonon vibrations. The transport mode of phonons depends upon the length scales of the two-dimensional crystal. As the dimensions of the two-dimensional crystal decrease, there is a transition from the diffusive transport mode to the ballistic transport mode. The method of dimensional and structural design is effective to reduce phonon scattering and increase phonon transport in the two-dimensional crystal, thereby allowing the thermal conductivity approaching as closely as possible the theoretical limit.
Prevalence of Chronic Overlapping Pain Conditions in Adult Patients With Cancer
Authors: Marriott Morgan C. , Smith Michael A. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Purpose: Pain is experienced by over half of patients with cancer. Despite effective treatments being available, many patients with cancer related pain remain undertreated. Chronic overlapping pain conditions (COPCs) are recognized as a set of disorders in varying combinations. Cancer pain can effectively be treated with opioids; however, COPCs do not respond well to this treatment. The purpose of this study is to describe the prevalence of COPCs in adult patients with cancer. Methods: Patients with any new cancer diagnosis of any stage from 1/1/2020 to 11/1/2021 were included. All patients included were seen at Michigan Medicine and were over 18 years of age. The primary outcome was a diagnosis of a COPC, which were captured using validated ICD-10 codes and date of diagnosis. All data was collected through Data Direct and EMERSE and analyzed using descriptive statistics.Results: The final analysis included 2638 patients. Most patients had stage I cancer (44.3%), while 19.6% had metastatic disease. A COPC was diagnosed in 501 patients (19%). Of patients with COPCs, 69% were diagnosed before cancer, while 20% were diagnosed after cancer. Low back pain was the most common COPC (55.5%) followed by migraine (13.8%).Conclusion: We identified that 19% of patients with cancer also had COPCs, the majority were diagnosed before cancer. By identifying the prevalence of COPCs in patients with cancer we can develop studies evaluating if these patients have difference in quality-of-life outcomes related to pain or require different treatment pathways to optimize their pain management.
WITHDRAWN: Essential characteristics of the catalytically supported thermal combustion process in submillimeter-scale heat-recirculating systems
Authors: Chen Junjie 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The essential characteristics of the catalytically supported thermal combustion process in submillimeter-scale heat-recirculating systems were investigated to gain a greater understanding of the mechanisms of flame stabilization and to gain new insights into how to design the reacting flow systems with improved robustness and stability. Computational fluid dynamics simulations are performed with respect to various factors pertaining to the catalytically supported thermal combustions. Detailed kinetics were used for modeling the catalytically supported thermal combustion system in computational fluid dynamics. Design recommendations are made to improve the overall robustness and stability. The results indicated that catalytically supported thermal combustion surmounts the mass transfer limitation. The catalytically supported thermal combustion can operate very efficiently with low emissions of nitrogen oxides. Catalytically supported thermal combustion is no longer limited by mass transfer as in the case of conventional catalytic combustion, and at the specified operating temperatures the reaction rate is substantially increased beyond the mass transfer limitation. Reaction rates of up to about one hundred or more times the mass transfer limited rate may be attainable. Such high reaction rates permit high fuel space velocities which normally are not obtainable in catalytic reactions. There is no necessity of maintaining fuel-to-air ratios in the flammable range, and consequently loss of combustion due to variations in the fuel-to-air ratio is not the problem it is in conventional combustors. Excess enthalpy combustion can occur in an efficient and rapid manner. The flow velocity is an important factor in determining the performance of the catalytically supported thermal combustion system. Stable operation of the catalytically supported thermal combustion system is limited to a relatively wide flow regime, and the flow velocity is critical to achieving flame stability.
Surgically Managed Symptomatic Intraspinal Lumbar Facet Synovial Cyst Outcome of surgical treatment with resection and instrumented posterolateral fusion, a case series
Authors: Carmona Roberto Larrondo , Totera Juan Ignacio Cirillo , Lemos Facundo Alvarez , Wilson José Tomás Muñoz , Montoya Andre Marc Beaulieu , Lalanne Lyonel Beaulieu 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
BACKGROUND
There is controversy regarding the treatment of symptomatic synovial cysts (SSC), specifically, the need for a concomitant fusion when surgical resection of the CS is required. We present a retrospective review of a series of patients treated for SSC of the lumbar region during the last 20 years by a single surgeon, analyzing the current available literature.
METHODS
Retrospective review. The same surgical technique was applied to all patients. Demographic, clinical, surgical data and synovial cyst recurrence rate were recorded. Postoperative results reported by patients were documented according to the McNab score.
RESULTS
69 subjects, with mean follow-up of 7.4 years. 62% (43) were female, with a mean 57.8 years at the time of surgery. In 91.3% (63), the primary management was conservative for a minimum period of 3 months. All subjects underwent surgery due to the failure of conservative treatment. The segment most operated on was L4-L5 (63.77%). 91.3% (63) of the sample reported excellent and good and 6 subjects (8.6%) fair or poor results. There was no evidence of CS recurrence at the operated level.
CONCLUSION
In SSC, it seems that conservative treatment is only effective in a limited number of patients and in the short term. Thus, the recommendation of a surgical indication should proceed as soon as the conservative management fails to result in significant symptom relief. Based on our results, we recommend, together with the resection of the cyst, the instrumentation of the segment to avoid its recurrence and the management of axial pain.
Tick-borne encephalitis affects sleep-wake behavior and locomotion in infant rats
Authors: Chiffi Gabriele , Grandgirard Denis , Stöckli Sabrina , Valente Luca Gabriele , Adamantidis Antoine Roger , Leib Stephen L 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background/Aims: Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is a disease affecting the central nervous system. Over the last decade, the incidence of TBE has steadily increased in Europe and Asia despite the availably of effective vaccines. Up to 50% of patients after TBE suffer from post-encephalitic syndrome that may develop into long-lasting morbidity. Altered sleep-wake functions have been reported by patients after TBE. The mechanisms causing these disorders in TBE are largely unknown to date. As a first step toward a better understanding of the pathology of TBEV-inducing sleep dysfunctions, we assessed parameters of sleep structure in an established infant rat model of TBE.Methods: 13-day old Wistar rats were infected with 1 x 106 FFU Langat virus (LGTV). On day 4, 9, and 21 post infection, Rotarod (balance and motor coordination) and open field tests (general locomotor activity) were performed and brains from representative animals were collected in each subgroup. On day 28 the animals were implanted with a telemetric EEG/EMG system. Sleep recording was continuously performed for 24 consecutive hours starting at day 38 post infection and visually scored for Wake, NREM, and REM in 4 seconds epochs.Results: As a novelty of this study, infected animals showed a significant larger percentage of time spend awake during the dark phase and less NREM and REM compared to the control animals (p < 0.01 for all comparisons). Furthermore, it was seen, that during the dark phase the wake bout length in infected animals was prolonged (p = 0.043) and the fragmentation index decreased (p = 0.0085) in comparison to the control animals. LGTV-infected animals additionally showed a reduced rotarod performance ability at day 4 (p = 0.0011) and day 9 (p = 0.0055) and day 21 (p = 0.0037). A lower locomotor activity was also seen at day 4 (p = 0.0196) and day 9 (p = 0.0473). Conclusion: Our data show that experimental TBE in infant rats affects sleep-wake behavior, leads to decreased spontaneous locomotor activity, and impaired moto-coordinative function.
A Retrospective Analysis of Pulmonary Cryptococcosis Following Kidney Transplantation: Clinical Presentation, Treatment and Effectiveness
Authors: CHEN Shuyang , CHEN Meiyan , GU Lei , WANG Qing , YOU Yanjing , WANG Huijuan , LAI Guoxiang , YU Zongyang , WEN Wen 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: The use of immunosuppressors and a relatively weakened cell-mediated immunity makes organ transplant recipients particularly vulnerable to cryptococcosis infection. Patients infected usually present only nonspecific symptoms, making it extremely possible for misdiagnosis and inappropriate choice of therapeutic approaches.Methods: We compiled and analyzed data of patients who received kidney transplant in our hospital between April 2006 to January 2021.Results: 18 patients were enrolled in the study, ranging between 27-68 years old. The median time from kidney transplantation to pathologically-confirmed infection was 4.09 years. All patients’ respiratory system was affected, showing symptoms including sputum-producing cough and fever. 3 patients (16.67%) also developed central nervous system (CNS) infections. Nodule-shaped infectious sites were frequently observed (10, 58.82%) in chest CT. Blood works showed no specific changes. 7 patients received thoracoscopic lobectomy in suspicion of lung cancer. 3 patients first received antifungal therapy for a period of time and then underwent thoracoscopic lobectomy. No recurrence whatsoever was observed in all 10 surgically-intervened patients. 8 patients received only antifungal therapy, 7 of them showed a substantial reduction in the size of the infectious site. Fluconazole was most frequently prescribed for antifungal therapy. Conclusion: Most patients developed pulmonary cryptococcosis 2 years after transplantation. Patients usually demonstrate symptoms like fever and sputum-producing cough. The possibility of cryptococcal meningitis shouldn’t be ruled out if corresponding symptoms occur. CT presentation may be confused with lung cancer. Fluconazole is commonly prescribed for treatment and can usually yield satisfactory outcomes. In patients who received unsatisfactory antifungal therapy, surgical therapy should be considered a possibility.
Long-term trends and changes in rainfall magnitude and duration in a semi-arid catchment, South Africa
Authors: Makungo Rachel , Mashinye Mosedi Deseree 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The study investigated long-term trends and changes in rainfall magnitude and duration in a semi-arid catchment. It is crucial to determine changes in rainfall to support efforts to adapt to climate change in highly vulnerable semi-arid areas. Trends for long-term seasonal and annual rainfall magnitude and duration were determined using Mann–Kendall (MK) and quantile regression (QR) methods. Sen's slope was used to determine the magnitude of change in rainfall. Correlation analysis was conducted to determine the influence of altitude and land-use change on rainfall trends. There were dominant non-statistically significant decreasing trends for annual, seasonal rainfall magnitude, and rainfall duration. Trends from QR at low (0.1 and 0.2) and high (0.7 and 0.9) quantiles mostly deviated from those of MK. There were weak and variable correlations of long-term rainfall trends with altitude and land-use change. Land-use change and topography may therefore not adequately explain the variations of trends. Further studies are essential to understand the interaction of various environmental factors and their influence on rainfall trends. Variations of trends will impact future water resource availability and allocation. It is important to consider the deviations when developing climate change adaptation measures and ensure improved decision-making.
The Current State of Remote Physiotherapy in Finland: Cross-sectional Web-Based Questionnaire Study
Authors: Hellstén Thomas , Arokoski Jari , Sjögren Tuulikki , Jäppinen Anna-Maija , Kettunen Jyrki 
Published: May 2022

Background
The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has required social, health, and rehabilitation organizations to implement remote physiotherapy (RP) as a part of physiotherapists’ daily practice. RP may improve access to physiotherapy as it delivers physiotherapy services to rehabilitees through information and communications technology. Even if RP has already been introduced in this century, physiotherapists’ opinion, amount of use, and form in daily practice have not been studied extensively.

Objective
This study aims to investigate physiotherapists’ opinions of the current state of RP in Finland.

Methods
A quantitative, cross-sectional, web-based questionnaire was sent to working-aged members of the Finnish Association of Physiotherapists (n=5905) in March 2021 and to physiotherapists in a private physiotherapy organization (n=620) in May 2021. The questionnaire included questions on the suitability of RP in different diseases and the current state and implementation of RP in work among physiotherapists.

Results
Of the 6525 physiotherapists, a total of 9.9% (n=662; n=504, 76.1% female; mean age 46.1, SD 12 years) answered the questionnaire. The mean suitability “score” (0=not suitable at all to 10=fully suitable) of RP in different disease groups varied from 3.3 (neurological diseases) to 6.1 (lung diseases). Between early 2020 (ie, just before the COVID-19 pandemic) and spring 2021, the proportion of physiotherapists who used RP increased from 33.8% (21/62) to 75.4% (46/61; P<.001) in the public sector and from 19.7% (42/213) to 76.6% (163/213; P<.001) in the private sector. However, only 11.7% (32/274) of physiotherapists reported that they spent >20% of their practice time for RP in 2021. The real-time method was the most common RP method in both groups (public sector 46/66, 69.7% vs private sector 157/219, 71.7%; P=.47). The three most commonly used technical equipments were computers/tablets (229/290, 79%), smartphones (149/290, 51.4%), and phones (voice call 51/290, 17.6%). The proportion of physiotherapists who used computers/tablets in RP was higher in the private sector than in the public sector (183/221, 82.8% vs 46/68, 67.6%; P=.01). In contrast, a higher proportion of physiotherapists in the public sector than in the private sector used phones (18/68, 26.5% vs 33/221, 14.9%; P=.04).

Conclusions
During the COVID-19 pandemic, physiotherapists increased their use of RP in their everyday practice, although practice time in RP was still low. When planning RP for rehabilitees, it should be considered that the suitability of RP in different diseases seems to vary in the opinion of physiotherapists. Furthermore, our results brought up important new information for developing social, health, and rehabilitation education for information and communications technologies.
Combining Machine Learning, Patient-Reported Outcomes, and Value-Based Health Care: Protocol for Scoping Reviews
Authors: Raclin Tyler , Price Amy , Stave Christopher , Lee Eugenia , Reddy Biren , Kim Junsung , Chu Larry 
Published: May 2022

Background
Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) and patient-reported experience measures (PREMs) are self-reporting tools that can measure important information about patients, such as health priorities, experience, and perception of outcome. The use of traditional objective measures such as vital signs and lab values can be supplemented with these self-reported patient measures to provide a more complete picture of a patient’s health status. Machine learning, the use of computer algorithms that improve automatically through experience, is a powerful tool in health care that often does not use subjective information shared by patients. However, machine learning has largely been based on objective measures and has been developed without patient or public input. Algorithms often do not have access to critical information from patients and may be missing priorities and measures that matter to patients. Combining objective measures with patient-reported measures can improve the ability of machine learning algorithms to assess patients’ health status and improve the delivery of health care.

Objective
The objective of this scoping review is to identify gaps and benefits in the way machine learning is integrated with patient-reported outcomes for the development of improved public and patient partnerships in research and health care.

Methods
We reviewed the following 3 questions to learn from existing literature about the reported gaps and best methods for combining machine learning and patient-reported outcomes: (1) How are the public engaged as involved partners in the development of artificial intelligence in medicine? (2) What examples of good practice can we identify for the integration of PROMs into machine learning algorithms? (3) How has value-based health care influenced the development of artificial intelligence in health care? We searched Ovid MEDLINE(R), Embase, PsycINFO, Science Citation Index, Cochrane Library, and Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects in addition to PROSPERO and the ClinicalTrials website. The authors will use Covidence to screen titles and abstracts and to conduct the review. We will include systematic reviews and overviews published in any language and may explore additional study types. Quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods studies are included in the reviews.

Results
The search is completed, and Covidence software will be used to work collaboratively. We will report the review using the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines and Critical Appraisal Skills Programme for systematic reviews.

Conclusions
Findings from our review will help us identify examples of good practice for how to involve the public in the development of machine learning systems as well as interventions and outcomes that have used PROMs and PREMs.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
DERR1-10.2196/36395
Influence of CT signs of collateral ventilation in combination with other factors on the results of valvular blocking procedure in patients with destructive forms of pulmonary tuberculosis
Authors: Gavrilov P. V. , Veselskii A. B. , Baulin I. A. , Tabanakova I. A. , Narkevich A. N. , Lavrova A. I. , Sokolovich E. G. 
Published: May 2022

Introduction. According to studies on the treatment of emphysema, the absence of CT signs of collateral ventilation correlates with the results of valvular blocking procedure, but there is not any data on the relationship between the signs of collateral ventilation and the results of bronchial valve treatment in destructive forms of pulmonary tuberculosis.Study goals: to study the effect of CT features of collateral ventilation in combination with other factors on the results of valvular bronchial blocking in patients with destructivepulmonary pathology in tuberculosis.Materials and methods. Тhe study is based on the results of evaluation of chest CT data of patients with various pathology of pulmonary tuberculosis before and after valvular blocking procedure.Results. Сorrelations between such characteristics as collateral ventilation, additional factors and valvular treatment effects have been determined, and prognostic models estimating the success of valve therapy have been constructed.Conclusion. Positive pleural integrity symptom is a predictor of lobe volume reduction after bronchial valve treatment. Lobe volume reduction during valve therapy is a prognostic factor for cavity’s closure.
The possibilities of magnetic resonance imaging in the differential diagnosis of diabetic osteoarthropathy and osteomyelitis
Authors: Burleva E. P. , Babushkina Yu. V. , Ageev A. N. , Solodushkin S. I. 
Published: May 2022

Introduction. The problem of differential diagnostics of diabetic osteoarthropathy (DOAP) and osteomyelitis (OM) of the foot bones for patients with diabetes mellitus is still not finally solved, even with the use of MR imaging.The aim of the study. To find the MR signs that most accurately indicate the development of osteomyelitis (OM) of the foot bones in patients with diabetic osteoarthropathy (DOAP).Materials and methods. The study included 62 patientswho successfully completed treatment of uncomplicated or complicated DOAP and had the whole set of diagnostic criteria. They were divided into three groups: acute form of DOAP (n=31), DOAP+soft tissue infection (STI) (n=11) and DOAP+OM (n=20). There were identified6 MR-signs, which could become significant independent classifiers for the differential diagnostics of complicated and uncomplicated forms of DOAP. The diagnostic significance of MR symptoms was assessed in several steps with the use of various methods of statistical analysis.Results. There was revealed that the groups differ among themselves by 4 MR signs: characteristics of bone marrow edema (p=0.003); swelling of the supporting surfaces (p=0.006); restriction of diffusion in the bone marrow (p=0.001); fistulous course (p=0.001). Points were assigned to these MR criteria. According to the total MR score, groups 1 and 3 (p<0.001); 2 and 3 (p=0.001) differed among themselves. With the use of logistic regression and ROC analysis, we determined the significance of the total MR score for the diagnostics of osteomyelitis. Conclusion. The use of the MR-score summation system helped in the diagnosis of OM. The sum of MR scores ≥3 in the developed scoring system allowsto diagnose OM with high sensitivity (94.1%) and specificity (83.3%). >˂0.001); 2 and 3 (p=0.001) differed among themselves. With the use of logistic regression and ROC analysis, we determined the significance of the total MR score for the diagnostics of osteomyelitis.Conclusion. The use of the MR-score summation system helped in the diagnosis of OM. The sum of MR scores ≥3 in the developed scoring system allowsto diagnose OM with high sensitivity (94.1%) and specificity (83.3%).