bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of gastroplasty on salivary characteristics, dental health status and oral sensory aspects: A controlled clinical study
Authors: Marquezin Maria Carolina Salomé , Scudine Kelly Guedes de Oliveira , Lamy Elsa , Finassi Carolina Martins , Carreira Laura , Segura Wilson Dias , Rasera Irineu , Pessotti Elisane Rossin , Castelo Paula Midori 
Published: June 2022

AbstractBackgroundSaliva is a non‐invasive source of biomarkers useful in the study of different pathophysiological conditions. The qualitative and quantitative study of saliva, as well as the assessment of oral health, can be particularly useful for a better understanding of obesity due to its importance in the food oral perception and ingestion.ObjectivesTo evaluate the effect of treatment of morbid obesity (dietary counselling versus gastroplasty) on salivary characteristics, oral sensory perception and dental health in a controlled study.MethodsSeventy‐three adults (60 females; 19–59 years) with morbid obesity were divided in: Control group (CG; n = 34) followed‐up during a 6‐months dietary programme, and Gastroplasty group (GG; n = 39) evaluated immediately before, 3 and 6 months after gastroplasty. Dietary habits, Oral Health Impact Profile and xerostomia complaints were investigated by interview. The clinical examination included anthropometric and caries experience evaluation. Salivary flow rate, buffering capacity, total protein and alpha‐amylase levels, and sensitivity for the four basic tastes were assessed. Two‐way mixed model and sign test were applied.ResultsPhysical and clinical aspects did not differ between groups in the beginning of the study, and GG showed a rapid weight loss after surgery (p < .001). An improvement in most of the dietary aspects was observed, especially in the GG. A worsening in the dental health status was observed over time in both groups, with an increase in the number of filled and decayed teeth. CG showed a better oral health‐related quality of life, while xerostomia complains increased in GG after gastroplasty. Salivary flow rate remained stable in both groups, but a decrease in buffering capacity, total protein and alpha‐amylase activity was observed in GG after 6‐months; taste sensitivity increased from baseline to 6‐months in GG (p < .05).ConclusionAfter 6‐months of follow‐up, patients undergoing gastroplasty presented an improvement in dietary habits and taste sensitivity. However, changes in saliva composition and a worsening in dental health status and xerostomia complaints were also observed.
Effect of Palatal Vault Depth on the Trueness of Metal Laser‐Sintered and Cast Cobalt‐Chromium Removable Partial Denture Frameworks
Authors: Hamed Hala Abd El , Hebeshi Ahmed M. , Husseiny Eman 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPurposeThis in vitro study compared the trueness of removable partial denture cobalt‐chromium (Co‐Cr) frameworks fabricated by 3D‐printed pattern casting and those fabricated by selective laser sintering (SLS) with different palate vault depths.Materials and methodsA partially edentulous Kennedy class II mod.1 maxillary model with a deep palatal vault was used, which was modified and duplicated to produce another model with medium palatal vault depth. After model scanning, the partial denture framework was designed using CAD software to fabricate 20 removable partial denture (RPD) frameworks. For each model, two types of frameworks were fabricated. For the 1st type, the 3D‐printed resin patterns were formed using a 3D printer, and then casting was performed (AM‐cast framework). For the 2nd type, a direct metal laser sintering machine was used for the RPD frameworks fabrication (SLS framework). 3D scanning of fabricated frameworks was performed, and the standard tessellation language (STL) file was superimposed over the STL file from the original design, and the average deviation was recorded. Data were statistically analyzed.ResultsTwo‐way ANOVA test was used, followed by the least significant difference (LSD) for pair‐wise comparisons to estimate any significant differences between groups. The RPD frameworks with high palatal vault depth represent larger discrepancies mean value than that with the medium palatal vault depth with a highly significant statistical difference. SLS shows less deviation than AM‐cast CO‐Cr frameworks with highly significant statistical differences whatever palatal vault depth.ConclusionRPD metal frameworks fabricated with SLS have better accuracy compared to those fabricated by AM‐cast, regardless of the depth of the palatal vault.
Family‐based treatment for adolescents with anorexia nervosa: A long‐term psychological follow‐up
Authors: Springall Gabriella , Caughey Michelle , Zannino Diana , Cheung Michael , Burton Claire , Kyprianou Kypros , Yeo Michele 
Published: June 2022

AimFamily‐based treatment (FBT) has the greatest evidence base for the treatment of adolescents with anorexia nervosa (AN). However, little is known about the long‐term outcomes for patients who receive FBT. The current study aimed to investigate the long‐term psychological health of former patients who received FBT for AN during adolescence.MethodsFormer patients diagnosed and treated for AN at the Royal Children's Hospital and Monash Children's Hospital (N = 36) in Melbourne, Australia completed self‐report questionnaires to assess eating, exercising, mood and the impact of the coronavirus (COVID‐19) pandemic. Patient scores were compared to healthy controls (N = 29) and normative data.ResultsThe eating and exercising behaviours of the patients who formerly had AN were comparable to controls. However, the former patients experience significantly greater levels of depression, anxiety, and stress than the controls (P < 0.05). The COVID‐19 pandemic appeared to impact the former patients and controls to a similar extent across quantifiable criteria.ConclusionsThis study extends previous research highlighting FBT as an effective intervention for adolescents with AN. Positive short‐ and long‐term patient outcomes can be achieved with this form of treatment.
Does family quality of life get better as the years go by? A comparative mixed‐methods study between early years and school‐aged children with disability in Australia
Authors: Bhopti Anoo , Brown Ted , Lentin Primrose 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThis Australian study compared perspectives of family quality of life (FQOL) of parents of preschool children attending early childhood intervention services (ECIS) with parents of school‐aged children with disability. It examined the relationships between disability‐related services, parent occupations, and FQOL. Two mixed‐methods studies with 122 participants and 24 in‐depth interviews were conducted. The first study included 72 parents attending ECIS. The second study included 50 parents of school‐aged children with disability. The quantitative aspect (N = 122) used the Beach Center FQOL survey and a demographic questionnaire. Twelve semistructured interviews were conducted for each study. Spearmann's Rho correlations for quantitative data analysis and thematic analysis for qualitative data were used for each study. A two‐way analysis of variance along with a qualitative comparative analysis were conducted to compare the findings from both studies. Results indicated lower scores on FQOL in parents with school‐aged children when compared with the ECIS group. Loss of work, lack of time for caregiver health, lack of respite, and interim residential care had detrimental impacts on parents' long‐term well‐being. Based on the results, it can be concluded that the hardships and challenges of caregiving increase as the child gets older; however, positive adaptations, beliefs, and positive transformations help FQOL. Family‐centered care and supportive practitioners assist FQOL and are highly recommended.
Semiosis, thought and codes: A theoretical framework for social knowledge
Authors: Wachelke Joao 
Published: June 2022

AbstractI present a theoretical social psychological framework for social knowledge based mainly on the triadic concept of sign relations and the process of semiosis. The framework is based on concepts from authors aligned with interpretative semiotic approaches, such as Peirce, Deely and Eco. After defining signs and sign relations, I propose to conceive social knowledge as sign relations happening in communication processes, and employ the notion of code to account for socially shared group conventions. I suggest that the analysis of code properties such as content, social acknowledgment and history can identify differences in social knowledge forms and the concrete contexts that sustain them. The framework is discussed in comparison with other social and cultural psychological approaches based on semiosis. Finally, methodological implications are commented.
Irrigation improves weight‐for‐height z‐scores of children under five, and Women's and Household Dietary Diversity Scores in Ethiopia and Tanzania
Authors: Mekonnen Dawit K. , Choufani Jowel , Bryan Elizabeth , Haile Beliyou , Ringler Claudia 
Published: June 2022

AbstractEvidence on the potential for agricultural intensification to improve nutrition has grown considerably. While small‐scale irrigation is a key factor driving agricultural intensification in sub‐Saharan Africa, its impact on nutrition has not yet been thoroughly explored. In this study, we assess the impact of adoption of small‐scale irrigation in Ethiopia and Tanzania on household and women's dietary diversity, as well as children's nutrition. We use two rounds of primary data collected from irrigators and nonirrigators in Ethiopia and Tanzania. We used a panel fixed effects econometric approach to control for observed household, women and children specific characteristics as well as observed and unobserved time‐invariant confounding factors. The results show that among Ethiopian households who reported having faced drought, women in irrigating households have higher Women's Dietary Diversity Score (WDDS) compared to women in nonirrigating households. In Tanzania, women in irrigating households have higher WDDS compared to nonirrigators and the impact of irrigation on WDDS more than doubles among households facing drought. In addition, among Tanzanian households who reported having faced a drought shock, irrigating households have higher Household Dietary Diversity Score compared to nonirrigators. Children in irrigating households in Ethiopia have weight‐for‐height z‐scores (WHZ) that are 0.87 SDs higher, on average, than WHZ of children in nonirrigating households. In Tanzania, irrigation leads to higher WHZ‐scores in children under‐five among households who reported having experienced a drought in the 5 years preceding the survey. The study shows small‐scale irrigation has a strong effect on households' economic access to food and on nutritional outcomes of women and children.
Hybridization decreases native cutthroat trout reproductive fitness
Authors: Rosenthal William C. , Fennell John M. , Mandeville Elizabeth G. , Burckhardt Jason C. , Walters Annika W. , Wagner Catherine E. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractExamining natural selection in wild populations is challenging, but crucial to understanding many ecological and evolutionary processes. Additionally, in hybridizing populations, natural selection may be an important determinant of the eventual outcome of hybridization. We characterized several components of relative fitness in hybridizing populations of Yellowstone cutthroat trout and rainbow trout in an effort to better understand the prolonged persistence of both parental species despite predictions of extirpation. Thousands of genomic loci enabled precise quantification of hybrid status in adult and subsequent juvenile generations; a subset of those data also identified parent–offspring relationships. We used linear models and simulations to assess the effects of ancestry on reproductive output and mate choice decisions. We found a relatively low number of late‐stage (F3+) hybrids and an excess of F2 juveniles relative to the adult generation in one location, which suggests the presence of hybrid breakdown decreasing the fitness of F2+ hybrids later in life. Assessments of reproductive output showed that Yellowstone cutthroat trout are more likely to successfully reproduce and produce slightly more offspring than their rainbow trout and hybrid counterparts. Mate choice appeared to be largely random, though we did find statistical support for slight female preference for males of similar ancestry. Together, these results show that native Yellowstone cutthroat trout are able to outperform rainbow trout in terms of reproduction and suggest that management action to exclude rainbow trout from spawning locations may bolster the now‐rare Yellowstone cutthroat trout.
Multi‐objective optimization for community building group recovery scheduling and resilience evaluation under earthquake
Authors: Zhang Juan , Li Gang , Zhang Mingyuan 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe building group is the basis for the maintenance and operation of the city. The rapid recovery of community building group (CBG) can effectively reduce economic losses caused by earthquakes. There is service function interdependence among the buildings, and the impact of this interdependence on the postdisaster recovery of CBG is not clear. In order to improve the postdisaster recovery efficiency of CBG and explore the impact of service function dependence among buildings on postdisaster recovery, this paper integrates the recovery time (RT) and functionality loss (FL) of individual buildings and proposes two multi‐objective optimization recovery models suitable for CBG: the postearthquake recovery optimization model of CBG and the postearthquake recovery optimization model of CBG considering the service function interdependence among buildings. In these models, building RT, building FL, CBG resilience, and building recovery resources are considered, and the nondominated sorting genetic algorithm‐Ⅱ is used to solve the models to obtain the optimal restoration scheduling of CBG. At the same time, through a case, this paper analyzes the impact of the interdependence of service function among buildings and recovery resources on the recovery scheduling and resilience of CBG. This method can provide a basis for pre‐earthquake disaster risk reduction planning and significantly improves the postdisaster recovery efficiency of CBG.
Finding a suitable coat: The ecology of the invasive deer ked (Lipoptena cervi (Linnaeus, 1758); Diptera: Hippoboscidae), an ectoparasite of large mammals in the Czech Republic
Authors: Bjelková Karolína , Horák Jakub 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSome parasitic diseases of wild animals are transmissible to humans and cause health problems. A widespread ectoparasite of vertebrates is the deer ked, Lipoptena cervi ((L.); Diptera: Hippoboscidae). We studied the interaction of this parasite with habitat‐related, host‐related, and temporal factors in the Czech Republic. We analysed observations of its abundance in hunted wild animals in the context of their environment. Our results confirmed that cervids are a preferred host species. Most of the other relationships between ked abundance and the studied factors were probably due to the olfactory preferences of keds. Males and older individuals of the game host species were more attractive to the parasites for this reason. The higher abundance of keds at the beginning of the hunting season can be explained by their phenology. The deer ked can significantly affect the management of game species. We conclude that its preference for older male cervids is important for the future conditions of game animals. The population densities of deer keds in areas with high parasitization rates could thus be influenced by active game management.
Elevation and plant species identity jointly shape a diverse arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal community in the High Arctic
Authors: Rasmussen Pil U. , Abrego Nerea , Roslin Tomas , Öpik Maarja , Sepp Siim‐Kaarel , Blanchet F. Guillaume , Huotari Tea , Hugerth Luisa W. , Tack Ayco J. M. 
Published: June 2022

Summary

Knowledge about the distribution and local diversity patterns of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi are limited for extreme environments such as the Arctic, where most studies have focused on spore morphology or root colonization. We here studied the joint effects of plant species identity and elevation on AM fungal distribution and diversity.

We sampled roots of 19 plant species in 18 locations in Northeast Greenland, using next generation sequencing to identify AM fungi. We studied the joint effect of plant species, elevation and selected abiotic conditions on AM fungal presence, richness and composition.

We identified 29 AM fungal virtual taxa (VT), of which six represent putatively new VT. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal presence increased with elevation, and as vegetation cover and the active soil layer decreased. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal composition was shaped jointly by elevation and plant species identity.

We demonstrate that the Arctic harbours a relatively species‐rich and nonrandomly distributed diversity of AM fungi. Given the high diversity and general lack of knowledge exposed herein, we encourage further research into the diversity, drivers and functional role of AM fungi in the Arctic. Such insight is urgently needed for an area with some of the globally highest rates of climate change.
Effect of chlorhexidine mouthwash on gingival health around orthodontic miniscrew implants: A pilot placebo‐controlled randomized trial
Authors: Mohamed Ahmed , Wafaie Khaled , Mohammed Hisham , Mohamed Abdelrahman Magdi Ahmed , Xinrui Wang , Vandevska‐Radunovic Vaska , Yiqiang Qiao 
Published: June 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis randomized controlled trial (RCT) aims to investigate the short‐term effects of chlorhexidine mouthwash (MW) on gingival health surrounding orthodontic miniscrew implants (OMIs) and their overall survivability.Materials and MethodsThirty‐two participants (mean age, 22.8 years) undergoing fixed orthodontic appliance treatment after maxillary premolar extraction were randomly allocated in a parallel fashion to either receive (1) MW with an active component of chlorhexidine or (2) a placebo. Each participant received two maxillary buccal OMIs for anchorage reinforcement purposes. Participants were assessed for their gingival oral health status around all inserted OMIs and had their OMI survivability recorded at three time points; T1 = 1 month, T2 = 3 months, and T3 = 6 months after OMI placement. A Kaplan‐Meier plot was used to estimate the survival function of OMIs.ResultsAll randomized participants completed the follow‐up period. In terms of gingival oral health, there were no statistically significant differences at any time point between the chlorhexidine MW group and the placebo‐controlled group (P > .05). One OMI was lost in the chlorhexidine MW group and another two OMIs in the control group. There was no significant difference between both groups in terms of survivability (P = .585).ConclusionThe use of chlorhexidine MW does not seem to have a significant clinical impact on gingival health around OMIs or their survivability in this pilot study.
The feasibility and effectiveness of virtual reality meditation on reducing chronic pain for older adults with knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Sarkar Tara D. , Edwards Robert R. , Baker Nancy 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThere is an urgent need for safe and effective nonpharmacologic approaches to treat chronic knee pain in older adults. Although virtual reality (VR) has shown some effectiveness for acute pain, there is limited evidence on the effects of VR on chronic pain particularly with older adult populations. This single application, within‐subject pilot study evaluated the feasibility and effectiveness of VR as a clinical treatment for older adults with chronic osteoarthritis knee pain. Nineteen participants aged 60+ years old participated in a 10‐min VR meditation program. Data on pain and affect were collected immediately prior to, post, and 24–48 h after the VR. Results suggest that VR meditation had significant moderate to large analgesic effects on knee pain intensity, primarily during VR (d = 1.10) and post VR (d = 0.99), with some lasting effects into next day (d = 0.58). The findings also suggest VR meditation intervention had a positive effect on affect, with a significant large decrease in negative affect scores pre‐ to post‐VR (d = 1.14). The significant moderate to large decreases in pain interference for normal work (d = 0.71), mood (d = 0.53), sleep (d = 0.67), and enjoyment of life (d = 0.72) suggest that older adults may have a higher ability to participate in meaningful daily activities up to 24–48 h after VR meditation. VR appears to be a feasible and effective nonpharmacological tool for older adults to treat chronic overall and knee‐specific pain.
A mindful relating framework for understanding the trajectory of work relationships
Authors: Reina Christopher S. , Mills Maura J. , Sumpter Dana McDaniel 
Published: June 2022

AbstractIntegrating theorizing on mindfulness and work relationships, we build a multilevel model of how mindfulness shapes interpersonal interactions and work relationship trajectories over time. Our framework of mindful relating yields three approaches an individual may utilize during an interpersonal interaction at work, based on the extent to which they incorporate the mindful qualities of attention and decentering. We theorize how the extent to which interaction partners are (in)congruent in their mindful relating approaches associates with interaction quality (positive, ambivalent, indifferent, and negative)—and how over time, this shapes the trajectory of a work relationship. We further posit that empathy, response flexibility, and emotional regulation transmit the effects of mindful relating and drive interaction quality. From a contextual perspective, we explore the roles of power dynamics and negative shock events as factors likely to impact how interactions over time collectively inform the trajectory of relationships. Finally, we explicate how our theory‐building can guide future work, and make specific recommendations for theoretical and empirical advancement.