bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Unique Surgical Case of Ancient Calcified Intravascular Papillary Endothelial Hyperplasia in the Tibia with Knee Joint Osteoarthritis
Authors: Kitajima Hironori , Shioya Akihiro , Kadoguchi Rie , Han Jia , Sawano Hinako , Yonezawa Katsutaka , Shimizu Yoshiaki , Hiromura Kentaro , Yokoyama Mitsuteru , Nojima Takayuki , Yamada Sohsuke 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundIntravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia (IPEH) is a reactive lesion histopathologically characterized by papillary growth of vascular endothelial cells. IPEH is most commonly found in the skin and subcutaneous tissues of the head, neck, and extremities. Furthermore, it has been reported to occur in oral surgery, but its occurrence in bone is extremely rare.Case PresentationWe present the case of a 77‐year‐old man with a chief complaint of left knee arthralgia. The knee joint X‐ray showed Kellgren–Lawrence grade 4 osteoarthritis and a mass lesion with decreased permeability within the bone in the medial part of the proximal tibia. Computerized tomography (CT) scan of the left knee showed a localized mass in the left proximal tibia with clear margins and granular internal calcification. The preoperative diagnosis was left knee osteoarthritis and a benign tumor of the left proximal tibia (enchondroma or hemangioma). The patient requested surgical treatment, so left total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and resection of the tumor were performed. The pathology revealed a rare intraosseous IPEH with marked calcification.ConclusionsSince intraosseous IPEH could not be considered from the clinical findings, the pathological diagnosis was the decisive factor. This report showed the world's first case of intraosseous IPEH with marked calcification. Similar to the calcification of intraosseous hemangiomas, we considered the possibility that, in IPEH, the thrombus may fibrosis and organize in concentric circles, causing necrosis at the center and resulting in calcification. TKA was performed on the degenerative knee joint with IPEH, and a good patient outcome was obtained.
Comparison of the Accuracy and Safety of TiRobot‐Assisted and Fluoroscopy‐Assisted Percutaneous Pedicle Screw Placement for the Treatment of Thoracolumbar Fractures
Authors: Lin Shu , Wang Fei , Hu Jiang , Tang Liu‐yi 
Published: September 2022

ObjectiveStudies have compared the safety and accuracy of robot‐assisted techniques for inserting conventional open pedicle screws for spinal surgery. However, no relevant studies have confirmed that robot‐assisted percutaneous screw placement is better than fluoroscopic percutaneous screw placement for the treatment of thoracolumbar fractures. This study compared the accuracy and safety of TiRobot‐assisted percutaneous pedicle screw placement with those of the fluoroscopy‐assisted percutaneous technique for the treatment of thoracolumbar fractures.MethodsThis retrospective study included 126 patients with thoracolumbar fractures who underwent percutaneous pedicle screw placement. Sixty‐five patients were treated with the TiRobot‐assisted technique and 61 patients were treated with the fluoroscopy‐assisted technique. Patient demographics, accuracy of screw placement (according to the Gertzbein and Robbins scale of grades A to E), screw insertion angle, radiation exposure, surgical time, intraoperative blood loss, length of hospital stay, incision length, hospital expenses, surgical site infection, and neurological injury of the TiRobot‐assisted and fluoroscopy‐assisted groups were compared using Student's t‐test, Pearson χ2 test, or Fisher's exact test.ResultsA total of 729 screws were placed (TiRobot‐assisted group: 374 screws; fluoroscopy‐assisted group: 355 screws). In the TiRobot‐assisted group, 82.8% of screws were optimally positioned (grade A); however, the placement grades of the remaining screws were categorized as grade B (13.3%), grade C (3.2%), and grade D (0.5%). In the fluoroscopy‐assisted group, 66.7% of the screws were optimally positioned (grade A); however, the placement grades of the remaining screws were categorized as grade B (21.4%), grade C (7.6%), grade D (3.6%), and grade E (0.5%). The proportion of clinically acceptable screws (grade A or B) was greater in the TiRobot‐assisted group than in the fluoroscopy‐assisted group. Additionally, the TiRobot‐assisted group had a significantly larger mean screw insertion angle (22.27° ± 5.48° vs 20.55° ± 5.15°), larger incision length (13.86 ± 1.24 cm vs 12.77 ± 1.43 cm), and higher hospital expenses (69061.55 ± 7166.60 yuan vs 59383.85 ± 5019.64 yuan) than the fluoroscopy‐assisted group. There were no significant differences in the intraoperative blood loss, length of hospital stay, and rates of surgical site infection and neurological injury in both groups (p > 0.05). However, the TiRobot‐assisted group had significantly better surgical times, radiation times, and radiation exposure than the fluoroscopy‐assisted group (p < 0.05).ConclusionsPercutaneous TiRobot‐assisted pedicle screw placement is a safe, useful, and potentially more accurate alternative to the percutaneous fluoroscopy‐assisted technique for treating thoracolumbar fractures.
Factors associated with immediate and early extubation in pediatric living‐donor liver transplant recipients
Authors: Saeyup Pipat , Paarporn Paweena , Prasarnphan Daraneenuch , Wongpiyaboworn Wasipon 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe practice of prompt extubation after adult liver transplantation has increasingly been applied in the pediatric population. Therefore, the factors contributing to this intervention should be identified in order to minimize failures.AimsWe sought to determine the factors associated with immediate and early extubation in pediatric living‐donor liver transplant recipients.MethodsThe medical records of pediatric liver transplant recipients at our center from January 2013 to December 2021, a 9‐year period, were retrospectively collected and divided into early or delayed extubation groups. Factors associated with early extubation were determined using univariate and multivariate analyses, as the primary outcome. Comparisons of the postoperative management and outcomes between groups were evaluated as secondary outcomes.ResultsSeventy‐nine patients were included in the analysis, of whom 19 (24%) were immediately extubated in the operating room while 12 patients (15%) were extubated early, within 24 h postoperatively. These 31 patients (39%) were assigned to the early extubation group, whereas the others were assigned to the delayed extubation group. Shorter anhepatic time was the only factor associated with early extubation (adjusted odds ratio = 0.52; 95% confidence interval: 0.30, 0.89 per 30‐min increment; p‐value = .018) in patients with the same characteristics, including diagnosis, total operative time, and intraoperative volume of albumin and packed red blood cells. The length of intensive care unit stay was shorter in the early extubation group than in the delayed extubation group (p = .001). The rates of total and early medical complications and total reintubation in 30 days were significantly higher in the delayed extubation group than in the early extubation group (p‐value = .002, .044, and .006 respectively). There were no significant differences in the length of hospital stay between the groups.ConclusionOur findings indicated that 39% of the pediatric living donor–liver transplantation patients tolerated early extubation and that the only associated factor was anhepatic time. Early extubation significantly reduces the number of days of intensive care unit stay but may not change the length of hospital stay.
Adaptive strategies of Scots pine under shade: Increase in lignin synthesis and ecotypic variation in defense‐related gene expression
Authors: Ranade Sonali Sachin , Seipel George , Gorzsás András , García‐Gil María Rosario 
Published: September 2022

AbstractShade is a stressful condition for plants characterized by low Red:Far‐Red (R:FR) ratio. The northern latitudes in Sweden daily receive more hours of FR‐enriched light (twilight) or shade‐like conditions compared to southern forests during the growing season. Scots pine (Pinus sylvestrisL.) is a shade‐intolerant species. Yet, it is well adapted to this latitudinal variation in light, which is evident by a northward increase in FR requirement to maintain growth. Shade adversely affects plant growth; it makes the plant weak and, therefore, susceptible to pathogen attack. Lignin is involved in plant protection against pathogen invasion mainly by forming a physical barrier. We studied lignin synthesis and expression of defense‐related genes (growth‐defense trade‐offs) under a low R:FR (shade) ratio in Scots pine. A higher number of immunity/defense‐related genes were up‐regulated in response to shade in northern populations compared to southern ones, which can be viewed as a local adaptation to light quality for optimal growth and survival. Light quality regulates lignin metabolism; light stimulates lignin synthesis, while shade causes a decrease in lignin synthesis in most angiosperms. In contrast, Scots pine shows an increase in lignin synthesis supported by the higher expression of a few key genes in the lignin biosynthetic pathway, a novel finding reported by our study. These findings can be applied to future breeding strategies in forestry to produce disease‐resilient trees.
Sustaining shifts in science teaching through a research–practice partnership
Authors: Gale Jessica , Koval Jayma , Alemdar Meltem , Grossman Sabrina , Usselman Marion 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis study examines shifts in science teachers' (N = 15) beliefs and practices within the context of a research–practice partnership (RPP) that developed and implemented curriculum modules in middle school science classrooms. Interview, document, and observation data gathered over the course of the project indicate that the vast majority of teachers intended to continue using the curriculum modules in their classrooms for the foreseeable future. These data also documented potential shifts in teacher attitudes and practices inspired by the modules. Among teacher participants, there were clear examples of teachers modifying other lesson plans to resemble key components of the modules, using module implementation as a context for developing proficiency with inquiry‐oriented teaching, and revisiting or drawing connections to the modules when teaching other science content. The study also documented the typical sequence of shifts in teachers' beliefs and practices, with findings indicating that teacher beliefs were most powerfully influenced by their observations of student performance and engagement during module implementation. By following teachers' beliefs and practices beyond the official implementation timeline of the project, the study lends insight into the ways in which curriculum resources developed in the context of RPPs may have a lasting impact at the classroom level.
MtING2 encodes an ING domain PHD finger protein which affects Medicago growth, flowering, global patterns of H3K4me3, and gene expression
Authors: Jaudal Mauren , Mayo‐Smith Matthew , Poulet Axel , Whibley Annabel , Peng Yongyan , Zhang Lulu , Thomson Geoffrey , Trimborn Laura , Jacob Yannick , van Wolfswinkel Josien C. , Goldstone David C. , Wen Jiangqi , Mysore Kirankumar S. , Putterill Joanna 
Published: September 2022

SUMMARYFlowering of the reference legume Medicago truncatula is promoted by winter cold (vernalization) followed by long‐day photoperiods (VLD) similar to winter annual Arabidopsis. However, Medicago lacks FLC and CO, key regulators of Arabidopsis VLD flowering. Most plants have two INHIBITOR OF GROWTH (ING) genes (ING1 and ING2), encoding proteins with an ING domain with two anti‐parallel alpha‐helices and a plant homeodomain (PHD) finger, but their genetic role has not been previously described. In Medicago, Mting1 gene‐edited mutants developed and flowered normally, but an Mting2‐1 Tnt1 insertion mutant and gene‐edited Mting2 mutants had developmental abnormalities including delayed flowering particularly in VLD, compact architecture, abnormal leaves with extra leaflets but no trichomes, and smaller seeds and barrels. Mting2 mutants had reduced expression of activators of flowering, including the FT‐like gene MtFTa1, and increased expression of the candidate repressor MtTFL1c, consistent with the delayed flowering of the mutant. MtING2 overexpression complemented Mting2‐1, but did not accelerate flowering in wild type. The MtING2 PHD finger bound H3K4me2/3 peptides weakly in vitro, but analysis of gene‐edited mutants indicated that it was dispensable to MtING2 function in wild‐type plants. RNA sequencing experiments indicated that >7000 genes are mis‐expressed in the Mting2‐1 mutant, consistent with its strong mutant phenotypes. Interestingly, ChIP‐seq analysis identified >5000 novel H3K4me3 locations in the genome of Mting2‐1 mutants compared to wild type R108. Overall, our mutant study has uncovered an important physiological role of a plant ING2 gene in development, flowering, and gene expression, which likely involves an epigenetic mechanism.
Spatially uneven pace of deindustrialisation within a country
Authors: Kiyota Kozo 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe declining share of manufacturing value‐added, often referred to as ‘deindustrialisation’, is fast becoming a major concern for policymakers and academic researchers, especially in high‐income countries. When compared with country‐level analysis, however, regional‐level analyses of deindustrialisation within a country are limited. This paper empirically examines how and why the patterns of deindustrialisation are uneven across regions within a country. The analysis builds upon the neoclassical trade model and uses regional‐level data in Japan where both detailed output and input data are available at the regional and industry levels for both manufacturing and non‐manufacturing industries over the last four decades. One of the major findings is that the large variation in deindustrialisation within a country is attributable to differences in productivity and price changes across regions. In contrast, the effect of the slowdown in capital accumulation, partly from the expansion of foreign direct investment or offshoring, commonly appears not in specific regions but across regions. The effect of spatial interdependence is also not only statistically significant but also nonnegligible in terms of its magnitude.
Sisal wool skin disease in Merino sheep in the Argentine Patagonia region: Identification and molecular diagnosis of Corynebacterium bovis from skin lesions
Authors: Abdala Alejandra Mariana , Farber Marisa , Robles Carlos Alejandro 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundSisal wool condition is a skin disease affecting Merino sheep in the Argentine Patagonia region. Corynebacterium spp. isolates have previously been isolated from skin swabs from lesions, while specific identification of the bacteria involved has not been reported.Hypothesis/ObjectivesThe aim of this work was to characterize the bacterial agent isolated from sisal wool lesions and to develop a diagnostic method for field surveillance.Materials and MethodsMolecular identification of a collection of 72 isolates obtained previously was performed using PCR and 16S rRNA and rpoB sequencing. A field survey was carried out on two farms in the Río Negro province of Argentine Patagonia. Swab samples from sheep with and without skin lesions were collected and analysed by PCR and culture.ResultsIsolates analysed were confirmed by sequencing as Corynebacterium bovis. Using a PCR test without culture step, all field samples from affected sheep were positive for C. bovis; samples from the healthy skin from the same animals or clinically healthy sheep all were negative.Conclusions and Clinical RelevanceSisal wool skin disease was associated with C. bovis infection based on culture and PCR methods; the latter may be useful for helping to pursue a disease control strategy.
Strategies to improve respiratory chemoreflex characterization by Duffin's rebreathing
Authors: Guluzade Nasimi A. , Huggard Joshua D. , Keltz Randi R. , Duffin James , Keir Daniel A. 
Published: September 2022

New Findings
What is the central question of this study?
We assessed the test–retest variability of respiratory chemoreflex characterization by Duffin's modified rebreathing method and explored whether signal averaging of repeated trials improves confidence in parameter estimation.
What is the main finding and its importance?
Modified rebreathing is a reproducible method to characterize responses of central and peripheral respiratory chemoreflexes. Signal averaging of multiple repeated tests minimizes within‐ and between‐test variability, improves the confidence of chemoreflex characterization and reduces the minimal change in parameters required to establish an effect. Future experiments that apply this method might benefit from signal averaging to improve its discriminatory effect.
AbstractWe assessed the test–retest variability of central and peripheral respiratory chemoreflex characterization by Duffin's modified rebreathing method and explored whether signal averaging of repeated trials improves confidence in parameter estimation. Over four laboratory visits, 13 participants (mean ± SD age, 25 ± 5 years) performed six repetitions of modified rebreathing in isoxic–hypoxic conditions [end‐tidal () = 50 mmHg] and isoxic–hyperoxic conditions ( = 150 mmHg). End‐tidal (), and minute ventilation (E) were measured breath‐by‐breath, by gas analyser and pneumotachograph. The E versus relationships were fitted with a piecewise model to estimate the ventilatory recruitment threshold (VRT) and the slope above the VRT (ES). Breath‐by‐breath data from the three within‐ and between‐day trials were averaged using two approaches [simple average (fit then average) and ensemble average (average then fit)] and compared with a single‐trial fit. Variability was assessed by intraclass correlation (ICC) and coefficient of variance (CV), and the minimal detectable change was computed for each approach using two independent sets of three trials. Within days, the VRT and ES exhibited excellent test–retest variability in both hyperoxic conditions (VRT: ICC = 0.965, CV = 2.3%; ES: ICC = 0.932, CV = 15.5%) and hypoxic conditions (VRT: ICC = 0.970, CV = 2.9%; ES: ICC = 0.891, CV = 17.2%). Between‐day reproducibility was also excellent (hyperoxia, VRT: ICC = 0.930, CV = 2.2%; ES: ICC = 0.918, CV = 14.2%; and hypoxia, VRT: ICC = 0.940, CV = 3.0%; ES: ICC = 0.880, CV = 18.1%). Compared with a single‐trial fit, there were no differences in VRT or ES using the simple average or ensemble average approaches; however, ensemble averaging reduced the minimal detectable change for ES from 2.95 to 1.39 L min−1 mmHg−1 (hyperoxia) and from 3.64 to 1.82 L min−1 mmHg−1 (hypoxia). Single trials of modified rebreathing are reproducible; however, signal averaging of repeated trials improves confidence in parameter estimation.
E-Designation for Compressible Aerodynamics Course
Authors: Milanovic Ivana , Eppes Tom A. , Goparaju Kalyan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The US Air Force has added the ‘e’ designation to denote an aircraft or satellite having been designed using computer modeling and simulation, as well as interface technologies like virtual and augmented reality. This new digital aerospace engineering process, i.e. using computers to design, model, and test aircraft before an actual prototype is built, is so important that it drives the need for a different approach to the engineering curriculum. In response, our students are provided an opportunity to create and analyze throughout a lecture-based course. The availability of sophisticated software and its use outside of the classroom without prior training facilitates nonlinear learning, promotes exploration of alternative resources, from written material to the human network, and ultimately brings it all back to the theoretical underpinnings.
The Compressible Aerodynamics course in its first iteration featured the following simulation projects: (1) Incompressible flow through the converging nozzle, (2) Flying on earth, (3) Pitot tube, (4) Compressible flow over an airfoil, (5) Airfoil in different flow regimes, and (6) Rayleigh flows. They were chosen from six ANSYS Fluids Engineering Innovation Courses that are available free online. Each project originally included a video, handout, and pre-generated mesh, and was further customized with specifically focused grading criteria.
This study built on the authors’ previous work on the use of simulations in the individual courses and course sequences in the mechanical engineering program. The goals were to bring the elements of the new digital aerospace engineering process to standard lecture-based courses, ensure students’ engagement from the beginning, and increase the time students invest in studying. The anticipated challenges (from the perspective of Bloom’s Taxonomy) were (1) non-hierarchal structure of learning where students create and analyze while mastering the use of the tool, (2) integrated and balanced process of learning where every element of the framework is equally important, and (3) the differences that each learner brings, from motivation to the cognitive processing.
The significance of our approach and its success are illustrated with qualitative and quantitative evidence. Qualitative data provide examples of student work, while quantitative assessment of students’ understanding and confidence in comprehension of select concepts includes grades, student surveys, and course evaluations.
The Effect of Phase Interaction Forces and Particle Rotation on Solid Particle Erosion in Liquid-Solid and Liquid-Gas-Solid Flows
Authors: Sedrez Thiana A. , Shirazi Siamack A. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Forces acting on both gas and particle phases and the interaction between them and the liquid phase in liquid-gas-solid flow are examined via Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and the results are compared with experimental data. A simplified methodology to simulate multiphase flow is proposed using the Eulerian-Eulerian-Lagrangian approach. The proposed modeling approach for the liquid-gas interaction forces and particle rotation is compared with experimental erosion data for two elbows in series. For the experiments, a 50.8 mm inner diameter pipe vertical facility with water, air, and sand particles is used to collect wall thickness loss data in two elbows in series: one elbow vertical to horizontal and another horizontal to vertical downward. The particle rotation forces in these highly rotational flows with liquid-solid flows are considered in this investigation. In addition, interphase forces between liquid and gas for dispersed-bubble flow, such as drag, surface tension, turbulent dispersion, turbulence interaction, virtual mass, and wall lubrication, were investigated. Lastly, the simulated effect of the forces on fluid velocity, particle velocity, and erosion rates are presented and discussed. The results show that rotation of particles and Magnus lift force do not significantly impact particle trajectory for liquid-solid flows. However, the Magnus lift force exerts an increase in erosion in both elbows. Overall, for liquid-gas-solid flow, interphase forces separately do not significantly impact erosion (presenting on average 24% higher erosion than experimental data). The greater change is observed when drag, virtual mass, wall lubrication, and surface tension are applied together, increasing erosion considerably (83% higher than experimental data).