bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Cavitation and Temperature on Fluid Film Bearing Using CFD and FSI Technique: A Review
Authors: Kamat Harishkumar , Kini Chandrakant R. , Shenoy Satish B. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractFluid film bearings are well suited for high-speed industrial machineries like turbine generators and marine propulsion systems. Several numerical methods are employed to theoretically investigate the flow phenomenon and performance parameters of journal bearings, operating under various conditions. This paper reviews various Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and Fluid–Structure Interaction (FSI) techniques that are adopted to solve the flow equations pertaining to fluid film bearings. This review attempts to highlight the importance of cavitation, temperature, and their effect on bearing performance using CFD and FSI techniques. A comparison of various performance parameters in the form of load-carrying capacity, oil flow rate, friction as well as deformation and stresses developed in the bearing element due to oil film pressure using CFD and FSI, are also presented. Observations from the reviewed literature are presented which aims to benefit the researchers working in the field of both CFD and FSI analysis on hydrodynamic journal bearing.
Graphical Abstract
This review article emphasized the significance of cavitation and temperature effects on journal bearing performance using CFD and FSI techniques.
Attitudes Toward Sexual Diversity in Sport Among Undergraduate Students of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences in Spain
Authors: Ospina-Betancurt Jonathan , Martínez-Patiño Maria José , Tovar Cuevas José Rafael , Piedra Joaquín 
Published: November 2022

AbstractSexual diversity in the world of sport has not been widely researched in the Spanish context. Studies on national and international sexual diversity tend to leave out transgender issues and intersexuality. The new framework of action of the International Olympic Committee in 2021 advocates for integration and non-discrimination based on gender identity and sex variations in sport. We analyzed attitudes toward sexual diversity in sport among a sample of PASS university students using the Scale of Attitudes Toward Sexual Diversity Among Athletes and the statistical package R. Each item was subjected to frequency analysis and the results were displayed in contingency tables. The sample comprised 610 students from three Spanish universities (68.85% male and 31.15% female, with a mean age of 21.72 years; SD = 4.12). Of the four factors analyzed, the lowest levels of rejection were Cognitive Attitudes (96.72%) and Attitudes Toward Transgression (86.89%). One of the most important variables was gender, with women showing greater tolerance toward sexual diversity in sport than men.
A Historical Account of Walking in Nairobi Within the Context of Spatial Justice
Authors: Nyamai Dorcas Nthoki 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
In the ostensibly unceasing prioritization of motorized infrastructure, walking has remained a ubiquitous mode of mobility for a large proportion of Nairobi’s urban commuters. Planning for motorized mobility has historically been at a higher level of consideration although a much larger percentage of the population travels on foot. The conspicuous pedestrian has been and continues to be masked under the spotlight of the motor vehicle with a discernible outcome of spatial injustices. Using secondary data, historical literature and expert interviews, this paper examines how walking as a mode of mobility has developed over time and the challenges experienced by pedestrians in Nairobi. Linking to the notion of justice, the paper attempts to assess the association between walking and spatial justice using three dimensions—spatial, modal and individual dimensions—that are used as a framework to assess how injustices unfold and are experienced by Nairobi’s pedestrians. The historical path dependency that has restricted and attempted to replace walkability by prioritizing motor vehicle use as well as the technical engineering design that lacks integration of social aspects of mobility has presented challenges in provision of safe non-motorized infrastructure in the contemporary urban travel in Nairobi, enduringly dismissing walking as a valid mode of mobility. Advancing spatial justice in Nairobi’s urban mobility will require more than a technical process of extending the side of the road by a metre or two but rather deliberate effort in understanding the pedestrians’ mobility needs that can best be understood by attuning to the everyday realities of travelling on foot.
Mechanisms Underlying Brain Aging Under Normal and Pathological Conditions
Authors: Jin Menglong , Cai Shi-Qing 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAging is a major risk factor for many human diseases, including cognitive impairment, which affects a large population of the elderly. In the past few decades, our understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the changes associated with aging and age-related diseases has expanded greatly, shedding light on the potential role of these changes in cognitive impairment. In this article, we review recent advances in understanding of the mechanisms underlying brain aging under normal and pathological conditions, compare their similarities and differences, discuss the causative and adaptive mechanisms of brain aging, and finally attempt to find some rules to guide us on how to promote healthy aging and prevent age-related diseases.
Moroctocog Alfa (AF-CC) for Prophylaxis and Treatment of Bleeding Episodes in Previously Treated Patients with Hemophilia A in India
Authors: Choraria Nirmalkumar , Rangarajan Savita , John M. Joseph , Apte Shashikant , Gupta Pritam , Pai Seema , Chand Rohit , Parvatini Shyam , Ramakanth G. S. H. , Rupon Jeremy , Chhabra Amit , Muley Hitesh Bhaskarrao , Simoneau Damien 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Hemophilia A is an X-linked congenital disorder, characterized by factor VIII (FVIII) deficiency. Globally, India has the highest population of patients with hemophilia, and there is a clear unmet need for appropriate and effective treatment for this patient population. This multicenter, open-label, post-approval study evaluated the safety and efficacy of moroctocog alfa in patients with moderate or severe congenital hemophilia A in India.

Methods
Intravenous moroctocog alfa was administered 30 ± 5 IU/kg 3 times weekly for bleeding prophylaxis, according to the local product document. Participants were treated for up to 8 weeks, with an up to 4-week screening period and a subsequent post-treatment, 28-day safety observation period. Patients continued in the study until at least 24 exposure days or a period of up to 8 weeks on moroctocog alfa.

Results
A total of 50 participants were enrolled, and 48 (85.7%) completed the study. No participants developed FVIII inhibitors during the study. The mean (SD) annualized bleeding rate during moroctocog alfa prophylaxis was 0.79 (2.0) with a median (range) of 0.00 (0.0, 6.8). The mean (SD) annualized total factor consumption (TFC) per participant was 287,432 (93,866) IU; the mean (SD) annualized TFC by weight per participant was 4176 (858) IU/kg. Moroctocog alfa was well tolerated with no reported treatment-emergent adverse event-related dose reductions, discontinuations, or serious adverse events.

Conclusion
Moroctocog alfa was safe, effective, and well tolerated in Indian participants with congenital moderate to severe hemophilia A. No participant developed FVIII inhibitors during the study.
Nonacog Alfa for Prophylaxis and Treatment of Bleeding Episodes in Previously Treated Patients with Moderately Severe or Severe Hemophilia B in India
Authors: Choraria Nirmalkumar , Rangarajan Savita , John M. Joseph , Apte Shashikant , Gupta Pritam , Pai Seema , Chand Rohit , Parvatini Shyam , Ramakanth G. S. H. , Rupon Jeremy , Chhabra Amit , Muley Hitesh Bhaskarrao , Simoneau Damien 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Hemophilia B is an X-linked congenital bleeding disorder caused by a deficiency of coagulation factor IX (FIX) clotting activity. This study evaluated safety and efficacy of nonacog alfa, a recombinant human blood coagulation FIX replacement product, in males aged 12–65 years with hemophilia B (FIX activity ≤ 2%) with or without inhibitors in India.

Methods
In this multicenter, open-label, post-approval phase 4 study, participants were treated for up to 8 weeks, with up to a 4-week screening period and a subsequent post-treatment 28-day safety observation period. Intravenous nonacog alfa 40 IU/kg (range 13–78 IU/kg) was administered at intervals of 3–4 days, in accordance with the approved local product document.

Results
A total of 25 participants were enrolled and completed the study. No participants developed FIX inhibitors during the study, experienced treatment-related adverse events (AEs) or serious AEs, or developed a thrombotic event and/or hypersensitivity reaction. No participants experienced bleeding events requiring on-demand treatment with nonacog alfa. Seventeen bleeding episodes (16 spontaneous and 1 traumatic) were reported in 10 participants; all occurred post treatment, with the exception of a minor gum-bleeding event, and were managed without treatment. The mean (SD) annualized total factor consumption (TFC) per patient was 224,582 (75,527) IU; the mean (SD) annualized TFC by weight per patient was 3639 (573) IU/kg.

Conclusion
Nonacog alfa was safe and effective for the prevention of hemorrhagic episodes in Indian males with congenital, severe hemophilia B. No participants developed FIX inhibitors, and no new safety signals were reported.
Insight into OLPT model conduction mechanism and dielectric relaxation of lead borate glass containing Cr and Ge ions
Authors: Abdel-Wahab Fathy , Abdel-Baki Manal , AbdelMaksoud Heba 
Published: November 2022

AbstractLead borate glass with compositions 25B2O3–73.8PbO–xGeO2-(1.2 − x) Cr2O3(x ≤ 1.2 mol. %) is fabricated by the melt quenching procedure. The electrical conductivities (σdc,σac) of fresh samples are measured in the frequency range 100 Hz–1.0 MHz and temperature range 303–393 K. The anomalous behavior observed in the dc activation energy atx = 0.6 mol% is argued to the formation of bridging and non-bridging oxygen bonds. These bonds are formed due to substitution of GeO2to the expense of Cr2O3ions in the PbO–B2O3network. The dependence of ac conductivity on frequency is analyzed through the power law:σacαωswheres ≤ 1.0. The experimental results ofsfor the considered samples have shown that overlapping large polaron tunneling (OLPT) is the possible conduction model in the considered frequency and temperature ranges. The strength of the OLPT model established on the normal Mayer–Neldel (MN) rule is analyzed and discussed. Furthermore, results of the real and imaginary dielectric constant composed with Cole–Cole diagrams for investigated samples are presented and discussed.
Effects of Oxidative Treatments on Biomethane Potential of Solid Olive Residues
Authors: Girardi Fabio , Mascitti Andrea , d’Alessandro Nicola , Tonucci Lucia , Marzo Giuseppe Augusto , Remetti Romolo 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAs energy systems transition toward renewable resources, anaerobic digestion (AD) is actually receiving growing attention. AD relies on biochemical methane potential (BMP) tests to determine the methane potential of by-products of carbonious nature. This investigation aims to understand how an oxidative treatment, like the Fenton reaction, influences the BMP, starting from solid residues of olive oil production, coming from the two-phase extraction systems (TPES). We compared two different olive pomaces (with and without stones), both from TPES. The Fenton treatment here proposed is able to produce three effects in the employed matrices: improving the speed of BMP decreasing the bacteriostatic effect of phenols, reducing the H2S content in the produced biogas (precipitating it as FeS) and enhancing the production of methane in the first four weeks of the test.
Graphical Abstract
Visualization study of perturbations induced by plasma actuators and its effect on shock wave/boundary-layer interaction
Authors: Gan Tian , Wang Qiong , Gan Wenjun , Jieming Zhang 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Surface arc plasma actuator array is used to control the shock wave/boundary-layer interaction in a Ma = 2 flow. Two types of interaction are examined. The flow topology of Surface arc plasma actuator array operating at high-frequency is firstly visualized via particle laser scattering (PLS) technique. The results show that two typical flow structures are observed in the discharging process: the thermal gas bubble and the trailing vortices. The high-frame low-exposure schlieren results for flow visualization indicate a significant separation inhibition in both experiments due to an improvement in the mixture upstream of the interaction region and promoting more turbulent structure into the boundary layer. In the baseline, the separation shock oscillates in a low-frequency mode. When plasma actuation is turned on, the spectra change dramatically when compared to the baseline condition without control. There is an apparent frequency shift for separation shock.

Graphical abstract
PAIP1 is a novel oncogene in human hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Nuobei , Chen Xin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundPoly(A)-binding protein interacting protein 1 (PAIP1) is a translational initiation regulatory factor that has been reported as oncogene in multiple malignant diseases. However, its role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and the potential mechanisms have not been explored.MethodsPAIP1 expression level in HCC cell lines were detected by real-time quantitative PCR and western blotting. The proliferation and colony formation of HCC cell lines were detected by MTT and colony formation assay. The apoptosis and cell cycle were detected by flow cytometry. The volume and growth rate of the xenograft tumors were observed. The potential mechanism of PAIP1 was analyzed by miRNA Microarray Analysis and TargetScan analysis.ResultsPAIP1 is significantly upregulated in HCC cell lines. PAIP1 knockdown dramatically inhibits cell proliferation and colony formation, induces apoptosis and alters the cell cycle distribution by increasing the G2/M cell percentage. Moreover, PAIP1 knockdown significantly reduces tumorigenesis in a murine transplantation model. Bioinformatics and immunoblotting analysis reveal that PAIP1 knockdown dysregulates cyclin D pathway-related proteins.ConclusionPAIP1 plays an oncogenic role in hepatocellular carcinoma.
Assessment of ultrasound-assisted forward osmosis process performance for seawater desalination using experimental factorial design
Authors: Al-Sakaji Bara A. K. , Al-Asheh Sameer , Maraqa Munjed A. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe effect of ultrasound on water flux through forward osmosis membrane for seawater desalination was investigated using the factorial design approach. Sodium chloride (NaCl) was used to simulate the dissolved solids content. In every test, the initial draw solution (DS) concentration was fixed at 4.5 M for NaCl and 2 M for MgCl2. Parameters considered in the investigation included membrane crossflow velocity (0.25 and 1.0 cm/s), flow configuration (co-current versus counter-current), direction of ultrasound waves relative to the membrane side (active layer versus support layer), and type of draw solution (NaCl versus MgCl2). A two-level factorial design was considered in the analysis of the results obtained from the experimental work. Based on the factorial design analysis, crossflow velocity and use of ultrasound have a positive effect on water flux enhancement for both draw solutions. However, the velocity effect on water flux enhancement was more pronounced than that of the use of ultrasound. The effect of flow configuration was statistically insignificant for both draw solutions. The interaction effect between crossflow velocity and ultrasound was statistically significant for both draw solutions. However, the interaction between crossflow velocity and flow configuration was only significant for the case of MgCl2. The three-way interaction was insignificant for both draw solutions. The developed factorial model equations were used to predict other flux data in ultrasound-assisted FO systems and showed adequate representation of these data at relatively similar conditions after adjustment of the model for the baseline conditions of the evaluated cases.
Effect of effluent and magnetized effluent on Manning roughness coefficient in furrow irrigation
Authors: Ramesh Amin , Ostad‑Ali‑Askari Kaveh 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDue to the water crisis, wastewater utilization is an effective way to meet the water needs of plants and also reduce environmental pollution. In order to know the effect of treated and magnetic wastewater on Manning roughness coefficient, a study was conducted in the form of randomized complete blocks with three irrigation treatments with "wastewater outlet", "magnetic effluent" and "normal water" in four replications. Statistical analysis on the relative changes of the roughness coefficient in the design did not show a significant difference. At the same time, a decreasing trend was observed during the irrigation season in the roughness coefficient, which was expected due to the smoothing of the flow path and the effect of organic matter of the effluent on the bed. The magnetic field was not affected by the magnetism. Manning roughness values with more irrigation with effluent and magnetic effluent, in most cases had a decreasing trend, but due to the use of water, an increasing trend was observed in them. However, the increase in normal water treatment could not be analyzed according to the information of this project. There was no statistically significant difference between the treatments of the project.
Numerical modeling and rational methods of water supply network operations in environmental engineering systems
Authors: Trębicka Agnieszka 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis research paper uses a numerical modeling process to recreate the actual operating conditions of the water distribution system in the town of Kleosin, located on the border with Bialystok. The performed calculations allowed for the creation of a model for the functioning of the water supply network and for taking rational and optimal decisions affecting the effective operation of the entire system. The numerical modeling process is presented as a common tool to rationally and optimally manage the water distribution system. At the same time, numerous possibilities of computationally modeling and processing accurate real data were presented. The scope of the study included the network model analyzed in terms of the basic quality parameters that the network should meet, such as flow velocity, pressure, unit losses, water age, and operating conditions during simulated events, such as expansion or system failure, broken down into assumed time variants. As part of the paper, a situational variant was presented, which concerned the planned modernization in order to improve the functioning of the system by extending water distribution with new sections. The Epanet computer program distributed by US EPA was used in the research.
Energy dissipation in hydraulic jumps using triple screen layers
Authors: Singh Ujjawal Kumar , Roy Parthajit 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn the present study, series of laboratory experiments were conducted to investigate the effectiveness of perforated screens as energy dissipators in mixed triple wall mode in the case of small hydraulic structures. The shapes of openings for each layer of screens were either circular, square or triangular. Every layer of the screen had a porosity of 45% per unit depth of the screen. The experiments were conducted to dissipate the energy for supercritical flows of Froude number F1 ranging from 3.2 to 19.3. The screens were placed vertically with the first screen 1.5 m from the sluice gate and consecutive screen at a gap of 25 mm. The experiments showed that the energy of the supercritical flows can be dissipated effectively by using perforated screens. The difference in energy dissipation between the upstream and downstream of the screen was more significant than the energy dissipation caused by classical hydraulic jumps. Comparing the results of the present study with the previous researchers it is found that the energy loss in case of present study more than the previous researchers. The relative energy loss in the present study was found to be varying from 74 to 94%. The value of the Froude number downstream of the screen, F2, was varying from 1.1 to 1.81, with an average value of 1.35. Tailwater deficit parameter, D, if found to be varying from 0.66 to 0.90.
Adsorption mechanism and modeling of radionuclides and heavy metals onto ZnO nanoparticles: a review
Authors: Akpomie Kovo G. , Conradie Jeanet , Adegoke Kayode A. , Oyedotun Kabir O. , Ighalo Joshua. O. , Amaku James F. , Olisah Chijioke , Adeola Adedapo O. , Iwuozor Kingsley O. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe contamination of environmental waters with heavy metals and radionuclides is increasing because of rapid industrial and population growth. The removal of these contaminants from water via adsorption onto metal nanoparticles is an efficient and promising technique to abate the toxic effects associated with these pollutants. Among metal nanoparticle adsorbents, zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) have received tremendous attention owing to their biocompatibility, affordability, long-term stability, surface characteristics, nontoxicity, and powerful antibacterial activity against microbes found in water. In this review, we considered the adsorption of heavy metals and radionuclides onto ZnONPs. We examined the isotherm, kinetic, and thermodynamic modeling of the process as well as the adsorption mechanism to provide significant insights into the interactions between the pollutants and the nanoparticles. The ZnONPs with surface areas (3.93 to 58.0 m2/g) synthesized by different methods exhibited different adsorption capacities (0.30 to 1500 mg/g) for the pollutants. The Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms were most suitable for the adsorption process. The Langmuir separation factor indicated favorable adsorption of all the pollutants on ZnONPs. The pseudo-second-order kinetics presented the best for the adsorption of the adsorbates with regression values in the range of 0.986–1.000. Spontaneous adsorption was obtained in most of the studies involving endothermic and exothermic processes. The complexation, precipitation, ion exchange, and electrostatic interactions are the probable mechanisms in the adsorption onto ZnONPs with a predominance of complexation. The desorption process, reusability of ZnONPs as well as direction for future investigations were also presented.