bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fading of brain network fingerprint in Parkinson's disease predicts motor clinical impairment
Authors: Troisi Lopez Emahnuel , Minino Roberta , Liparoti Marianna , Polverino Arianna , Romano Antonella , De Micco Rosa , Lucidi Fabio , Tessitore Alessandro , Amico Enrico , Sorrentino Giuseppe , Jirsa Viktor , Sorrentino Pierpaolo 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe clinical connectome fingerprint (CCF) was recently introduced as a way to assess brain dynamics. It is an approach able to recognize individuals, based on the brain network. It showed its applicability providing network features used to predict the cognitive decline in preclinical Alzheimer's disease. In this article, we explore the performance of CCF in 47 Parkinson's disease (PD) patients and 47 healthy controls, under the hypothesis that patients would show reduced identifiability as compared to controls, and that such reduction could be used to predict motor impairment. We used source‐reconstructed magnetoencephalography signals to build two functional connectomes for 47 patients with PD and 47 healthy controls. Then, exploiting the two connectomes per individual, we investigated the identifiability characteristics of each subject in each group. We observed reduced identifiability in patients compared to healthy individuals in the beta band. Furthermore, we found that the reduction in identifiability was proportional to the motor impairment, assessed through the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale, and, interestingly, able to predict it (at the subject level), through a cross‐validated regression model. Along with previous evidence, this article shows that CCF captures disrupted dynamics in neurodegenerative diseases and is particularly effective in predicting motor clinical impairment in PD.
Epidemiology and clinical features of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in hospitalized children across four waves in Hungary: A retrospective, comparative study from March 2020 to December 2021
Authors: Takács Andrea T. , Bukva Mátyás , Gavallér Gabriella , Kapus Katalin , Rózsa Mária , Bán‐Gagyi Boglárka , Sinkó Mária , Szűcs Dániel , Terhes Gabriella , Bereczki Csaba 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackground and AimsFrom 2019 till the present, infections induced by the novel coronavirus and its mutations have posed a new challenge for healthcare. However, comparative studies on pediatric infections throughout waves are few. During four different pandemic waves, we intended to investigate the clinical and epidemiological characteristic of the pediatric population hospitalized for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) virus infection.MethodsBetween March 2020 and December 2021, we performed our retrospective research on children infected with the SARS‐CoV‐2 virus at the University of Szeged. We analyzed the data of all patients who required hospitalization due to positive results of SARS‐CoV‐2 tests (Nucleic Acid Amplification Test or rapid antigen test). Data analysis included demographic data, medical history, clinical findings, length of hospitalization, and complications, using medical records.ResultsIn this study, data from 358 coronavirus‐infected children were analyzed. The most affected age group was children over 1 month and under 1 year (30.2%). The highest number of cases was recorded in the fourth wave (53.6%). Fever (65.6%), cough (51.4%), nasal discharge (35.3%), nausea and vomiting (31.3%), and decreased oral intake (28.9%) were the most common symptoms. The most common complications were dehydration (50.5%), pneumonia (14.9%), and bronchitis/bronchiolitis (14.5%). Based on RR values, there are considerable differences in the prevalence of the symptoms and complications between the different age groups and waves. Cox proportional hazard model analyzes showed that fever and tachypnoea had a relevant effect on days to recovery.ConclusionsWe found trends similar to those previously published, overall statistics. The proportion of children requiring hospitalization varied from wave to wave, with the fourth wave affecting the Hungarian child population the most. Our findings suggest that hospitalization time is unrelated to age, but that certain symptoms (fever and tachypnoea) are associated with longer hospitalization. The onset of certain symptoms may differ by age group.
A comprehensive comparison of the early and late complications of surgical circumcision in neonates and children: A cohort study
Authors: Siroosbakht Soheila , Rezakhaniha Bijan 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackground and AimsMajor circumcision complications are rare; however, circumcision arouses distress in some special cases. The present study aimed to compare infancy and childhood regarding the frequency and relative risk of early and late complications of circumcision.MethodsThis study was a retrospective cohort data analysis including 240 neonates and 240 children referred for circumcision from 2015 to 2021. All circumcisions were performed using the surgical dorsal‐ventral slits method. A Cox proportional hazard model was used to assess the relative risk (RR) of complications at a confidence Interval of 95%.ResultsThe mean age was 19.32 ± 6.5 days for the neonates and 46.1 ± 8.8 months for the children. In general, complications occurred in 61 boys (12.7%), 40 neonates (8.3%), and 21 children (4.4%) (p˂0.001). Bleeding was the most common early complication in six neonates (2.5%) and three children (1.3%), and meatal stenosis was the most common late complication in 10 neonates (4.2%) and four children (1.6%). Meatal web was observed in 11 neonates (4.6%) and four children (1.6%), and the incomplete removal of the prepuce, as “not very satisfactory”, was also noticed in nine neonates (3.75%) and three children (1.3%). The circumcision complications were significantly more frequent in neonates than in children (RR = 2.6, 95% CI 1.46‐4.71, p<0.001). The neonatal circumcisions had a significant risk of the incomplete removal of the prepuce, meatal web, and meatal stenosis compared to children (RR = 3, 95% CI 5.83–10.81, p<0.04; RR = 2.75, 95% CI 0.9–8.3, p˂0.03; RR = 2.5, 95% CI 0.8–7.75, p<0.04, respectively).ConclusionThe risk of complications is higher in neonates than children. The incomplete removal of prepuce, meatal web, and meatal stenosis are significantly higher in neonates than in children. Before prohibiting or recommending this procedure, practitioners should provide comprehensive information about its risks and benefits. Parents should weigh up the risks and benefits and make the best decision regarding their personal beliefs and customs.
What has been learned about COVID‐19 vaccine hesitancy in Pakistan: Insights from a narrative review
Authors: Tharwani Zoaib Habib , Kumar Prince , Marfani Wajeeha Bilal , Shaeen Sean Kaisser , Adnan Alishba , Mohanan Parvathy , Islam Zarmina , Essar Mohammad Yasir 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundVaccine hesitancy is not a new phenomenon to Pakistan. This is evidenced through the slow progress of previous vaccination campaigns and programs against MMR, BCG, and especially polio. This issue continues to persist and is therefore becoming the cause of low COVID‐19 vaccination rates in Pakistan.AimTo provide insights about COVID‐19 vaccine hesitancy among Pakistanis, and its potential harm on public health. Moreover, we aim provide recommendations to counter the factors limiting the COVID‐19 vaccination in Pakistan.MethodologyA Boolean search was conducted to find the literature in MEDLINE‐PubMed, Google Scholar, and Clinicaltrials.gov databases up till March 16, 2022. Specific keywords were used which comprised of “SARS‐CoV‐2,” “COVID‐19,” “vaccine hesitancy,” “vaccine acceptance,” “intention to vaccinate,” and “Pakistan,” with use of “OR” and “AND.” Only free full‐text original studies in English language were used to compare and contrast.ResultsAs proven by various studies, COVID‐19 vaccination rates are influenced by multiple factors, including inaccurate beliefs about COVID‐19, hesitancy amongst healthcare workers, uncertainty regarding vaccine's efficacy and fear of side effects. Various conspiracy theories and lower testing rates among others also add up to impose a negative impact on the vaccination rates and public health of Pakistan. This may lead to newer strains of potentially harmful COVID‐19, mental health deterioration, and prolonged lockdowns.ConclusionVaccine hesitancy is a global public health threat, and its impacts are pronounced in Pakistan. This is reflected in the COVID‐19 pandemic; low vaccination rates in Pakistan may lead to future outbreaks of new, potentially harmful, strains of COVID‐19 which can prolong lockdowns in the country and affect mental health of the population. To improve the current situations, it is imperative for the government, educational institutes, and healthcare systems to develop trust and continually use dialogue, communication, and education to address misconceptions to improve COVID‐19 vaccination in Pakistan.
International taxation and the potential of cross‐border mergers for optimal profit repatriation
Authors: Kollruss Thomas 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe article aims to investigate the use of cross‐border mergers in worldwide constellations as a strategy for receiving tax‐optimized profit repatriation from foreign subsidiaries. The study is carried out on the basis of an exemplary case study of a cross‐border merger. Moreover, theoretical, analytical, and conceptual research methods used. The findings and implications are of general interest, since a cross‐border merger is in principle possible worldwide and not only in certain country constellations. Generally, the results of the study apply to any cross‐border merger, for example, also to a merger of any EU corporation into a foreign parent company irrespective of its residence. The results show that multinational firms can use cross‐border mergers as a stable strategy to obtain tax‐optimized profit repatriation from foreign subsidiaries and to optimize the group tax rate. This general strategy worked out in the article solves an essential and widespread problem for investments in foreign subsidiaries, namely how to repatriate the retained profits of foreign subsidiaries without triggering an excessive tax burden. A comparable strategy has not yet been found or developed in the literature. Consequently, there is no literature on the possibility of using cross‐border reorganizations as a strategy for a tax‐optimized repatriation of profits.
Towards a conjecture of Birmelé–Bondy–Reed on the Erdős–Pósa property of long cycles
Authors: Ma Jie , Zu Chunlei 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA conjecture of Birmelé, Bondy, and Reed states that for any integer , every graph without two vertex‐disjoint cycles of length at least contains a set of at most vertices which meets all cycles of length at least . They showed the existence of such a set of at most vertices. This was improved by Meierling, Rautenbach, and Sasse to . Here we present a proof showing that at most vertices suffice.
From replantation to transplantation: The evolution of orthoplastic extremity reconstruction
Authors: Levin L. Scott 
Published: November 2022

AbstractFor more than six decades, the use of the operating microscope for extremity surgery has led to remarkable advances in the management of orthopedic trauma, tumors, infections, and congenital differences. The microsurgical reconstructive ladder ascends from basic microsurgical procedures such as a digital artery or nerve repair to more complex procedures such as autologous tissue transplantation. Functional muscle transfers, toe‐to‐hand transfers, and recently vascularized composite allotransplantation are the highest rungs on this ladder that help restore extremity function. The development of the orthoplastic approach over the last three decades simultaneously integrates the principles and practices of both orthopedic surgery and plastic surgery for optimal care and salvage of extremities. Clinical, anatomic, and basic science research in reconstructive microsurgery has resulted in significant improvements in extremity salvage, reconstruction, and restoration.
One‐pot synthesis of magnetic sulfonated covalent organic polymer for extraction of protoberberine alkaloids in herbs and human plasma
Authors: Ma Shumin , He Zhenfu , Teng Qiuxiu , Wang Rong 
Published: November 2022

A novel magnetic sulfonated covalent organic polymer was prepared for magnetic solid‐phase extraction of protoberberine alkaloids. The magnetic sulfonated covalent organic polymer was rapidly synthesized under mild conditions. The physicochemical properties of the prepared materials were characterized by Fourier‐transform infrared spectrometry, transmission electron microscopy, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Several extraction parameters were systematically investigated, including desorption time, pH of sample solution, acetonitrile content, acetic acid content in the eluent, extraction time, and sample volume. By coupling magnetic solid‐phase extraction and high‐performance liquid chromatography, an efficient and sensitive method for the extraction and determination of protoberberine alkaloids in complex samples was developed. The proposed method showed great linearity (r > 0.9989), low limits of detection (0.2–0.3 ng/ml), and high precision (relative standard deviations ≤ 5.74%). The proposed method was further applied to the analysis of protoberberine alkaloids in Cortex phellodendri and human plasma samples. The recoveries were 91.50%–110.31% with relative standard deviations less than 6.63% in Cortex phellodendri and 96.12%–111.20% with relative standard deviations lower than 5.56% in plasma samples.
Noninvasive Prediction of Ki‐67 Expression in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Using Machine Learning‐Based Ultrasomics
Authors: Zhang Linlin , Duan Shaobo , Qi Qinghua , Li Qian , Ren Shanshan , Liu Shunhua , Mao Bing , Zhang Ye , Wang Simeng , Yang Long , Liu Ruiqing , Liu Luwen , Li Yaqiong , Li Na , Zhang Lianzhong 
Published: November 2022

ObjectivesTo investigate the ability of ultrasomics to predict Ki‐67 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).MethodsA total of 244 patients from three hospitals were retrospectively recruited (training dataset, n = 168; test dataset, n = 43; and validation dataset, n = 33). Lesion segmentation of the ultrasound images was performed manually by two radiologists. In total, 1409 ultrasomics features were extracted. Feature selection was conducted using the intra‐class correlation coefficient, variance threshold, mutual information, and recursive feature elimination plus eXtreme Gradient Boosting. The support vector machine was combined with the learning curve and grid search parameter tuning to construct the clinical, ultrasomics, and combined models. The predictive performance of the models was assessed using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity and accuracy.ResultsThe ultrasomics model performed well on the training, test, and validation datasets. The AUC (95% confidence interval [CI]) for these datasets were 0.955 (0.912–0.981), 0.861 (0.721–0.947), and 0.665 (0.480–0.819), respectively. The combination of ultrasomics and clinical features significantly improved model performance on all three datasets. The AUC (95% CI), sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were 0.986 (0.955–0.998), 0.973, 0.840, and 0.869 on the training dataset; 0.871 (0.734–0.954), 0.750, 0.829, and 0.814 on the test dataset; and 0.742 (0.560–0.878), 0.714, 0.808, and 0.788 on the validation dataset, respectively.ConclusionsUltrasomics was proved to be a potential noninvasive method to predict Ki‐67 expression in HCC.
Preparation of Poly(β‐malic acid) via Direct Carbonylative Polymerization of Benzyl Glycidate
Authors: Yang Jun , Yang Jin‐Chuang , Lu Xiao‐Bing , Liu Ye 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPoly(malic acid) (PMLA) is a water‐soluble, biodegradable, biocompatible, and nontoxic polyester in the poly(hydroxyalkanoate) (PHA) family. it features various applications in pharmaceutical field. Herein, NaCo(CO)4 and pyridine derivatives are employed for direct carbonylative polymerization of benzyl glycidate (BG) for poly(β‐malic acid) production. Further investigation on reaction mechanism reveals that this polymerization undergoes a direct chain growth, rather than a sequential process involving β‐lactone intermediate. The low cost and facile preparation of epoxide substrate render this methodology extremely appealing that avoids the rather tedious procedures for β‐malolactonate synthesis required toward ring opening polymerization. This study also represents an alternative strategy over traditional methods for poly(β‐malic acid) production using step growth polycondensation of malic acid.
Changing clinical features of the 2022 monkeypox global health emergency
Authors: Baptista‐Hon Daniel T. , Fesalbon Gabriel João W. , Monteiro Olivia 
Published: November 2022

AbstractA large number of monkeypox cases have been reported in many countries in 2022, and a Public Health Emergency of International Concern has been declared by the World Health Organisation. In this perspective, we review the structure, life cycle, and genetics of the monkeypox virus. We also discuss current treatment options and vaccination against monkeypox. In particular, we highlight the unique features of this unprecedented monkeypox outbreak, and present an analysis of the clinical symptoms recorded from infected individuals from the current outbreak, and compared these to those from previous outbreaks. We find that the clinical signs and symptoms appear to be milder and less remarkable. Importantly, the number of monkeypox lesions appear to be drastically reduced. It is possible that a less florid disease, together with the potential of asymptomatic spread, contributed to the extraordinary numbers of cases in this outbreak.
Links between geomagnetic activity and atmospheric cold fronts passage over the Belgrade region, Serbia
Authors: Todorović Nedeljko , Vujović Dragana 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThe suggestion that variations in solar irradiance affect Earth's weather and climate is based on correlations between solar and meteorological parameters. Solar activity influences the Earth's magnetic field. The geomagnetic activity index (GAI) is one of the indexes that measure this influence. In this paper, we researched the link between GAI and the passage of atmospheric cold fronts (CFs) over the Belgrade region, Serbia. Three years of daily data for solar (coronal holes, protons velocity and density), geomagnetic (GAI, electrical potential of Earth's atmosphere) and meteorological (air temperature, wind and precipitation) parameters were analysed. We developed a methodology that established pairs of GAI peaks and CFs and found the time interval (TI) between them. In 88.5% of cases, we were able to pair a GAI and a CF, while in 11.44% pairing could not be established. The number of GAI peaks without assigned CFs increased as mean values of GAI decreased. Most frequently, following an increase in the GAI, a CF passed after 7 days (relative frequency 22.8%), followed by 6 days (19.9%) and 8 days (18.5%). These three TIs covered, in sum, 61.3% of cases. Mean TI value was 6.82 days. The warm part of the year had the same TI distribution but the cold part of the year produced a bimodal frequency, with a maximum of 8 days (21.6%), followed by 5 (18.3%) and 6 days (17.6%). The most frequent CFs passing over Belgrade are from WNW‐N (67.1%) and SSW‐W (27.6%) quadrants.
NMSDR: Drug repurposing approach based on transcriptome data and network module similarity
Authors: Ünsal Ülkü , Cüvitoğlu Ali , Turhan Kemal , Işık Zerrin 
Published: November 2022

AbstractComputational drug repurposing aims to discover new treatment regimens by analyzing approved drugs on the market. This study proposes previously approved compounds that can change the expression profile of disease‐causing proteins by developing a network theory‐based drug repurposing approach. The novelty of the proposed approach is an exploration of module similarity between a disease‐causing network and a compound‐specific interaction network; thus, such an association leads to more realistic modeling of molecular cell responses at a system biology level. The overlap of the disease network and each compound‐specific network is calculated based on a shortest‐path similarity of networks by accounting for all protein pairs between networks. A higher similarity score indicates a significant potential of a compound. The approach was validated for breast and lung cancers. When all compounds are sorted by their normalized‐similarity scores, 36 and 16 drugs are proposed as new candidates for breast and lung cancer treatment, respectively. A literature survey on candidate compounds revealed that some of our predictions have been clinically investigated in phase II/III trials for the treatment of two cancer types. As a summary, the proposed approach has provided promising initial results by modeling biochemical cell responses in a network‐level data representation.
A machine learning strategy with clustering under sampling of majority instances for predicting drug target interactions**
Authors: Liyaqat Tanya , Ahmad Tanvir 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDrug Target Interactions (DTIs) are crucial in drug discovery as it reduces the range of candidate searches, speeding up the drug screening process. Considering in vitro and in vivo experimentations are time and cost‐expensive, there has been a surge in computational techniques, especially ML methods for DTIs prediction. Therefore, this study aims to present a methodology that uses molecular structures and amino acid sequences for generating PSSM and PubChem fingerprints for drugs and targets respectively. The proposed work uses a novel technique NearestCUS for handling the class imbalance problem of the benchmark datasets. We use Isomap Embedding to extract features from PSSMs. Feature selection is performed using ANOVA. CatBoost is used for predicting the interaction between drugs and targets for the first time. To quantify the efficacy of NearestCUS, we compared it with other sampling techniques. We found that the proposed methodology performed better than state‐of‐the‐art approaches.