bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of the H3N2 influenza microneedle vaccine for cross-protection against antigenic variants
Authors: Shin Yura , Kim Jeonghun , Seok Jong Hyeon , Park Heedo , Cha Hye-Ran , Ko Si Hwan , Lee Jae Myun , Park Man-Seong , Park Jung-Hwan 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDue to the continuously mutating nature of the H3N2 virus, two aspects were considered when preparing the H3N2 microneedle vaccines: (1) rapid preparation and (2) cross-protection against multiple antigenic variants. Previous methods of measuring hemagglutinin (HA) content required the standard antibody, thus rapid preparation of H3N2 microneedle vaccines targeting the mutant H3N2 was delayed as a result of lacking a standard antibody. In this study, H3N2 microneedle vaccines were prepared by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) without the use of an antibody, and the cross-protection of the vaccines against several antigenic variants was observed. The HA content measured by HPLC was compared with that measured by ELISA to observe the accuracy of the HPLC analysis of HA content. The cross-protection afforded by the H3N2 microneedle vaccines was evaluated against several antigenic variants in mice. Microneedle vaccines for the 2019–20 seasonal H3N2 influenza virus (19–20 A/KS/17) were prepared using a dip-coating process. The cross-protection of 19–20 A/KS/17 H3N2 microneedle vaccines against the 2015–16 seasonal H3N2 influenza virus in mice was investigated by monitoring body weight changes and survival rate. The neutralizing antibody against several H3N2 antigenic variants was evaluated using the plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT). HA content in the solid microneedle vaccine formulation with trehalose post-exposure at 40℃ for 24 h was 48% and 43% from the initial HA content by HPLC and ELISA, respectively. The vaccine was administered to two groups of mice, one by microneedles and the other by intramuscular injection (IM). In vivo efficacies in the two groups were found to be similar, and cross-protection efficacy was also similar in both groups. HPLC exhibited good diagnostic performance with H3N2 microneedle vaccines and good agreement with ELISA. The H3N2 microneedle vaccines elicited a cross-protective immune response against the H3N2 antigenic variants. Here, we propose the use of HPLC for a more rapid approach in preparing H3N2 microneedle vaccines targeting H3N2 virus variants.
A simulation study of an electro-membrane extraction for enhancement of the ion transport via tailoring the electrostatic properties
Authors: Monesi Mahdiyeh , Khatibi Mahdi , Rahbar-Kelishami Ahmad 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMembrane technology with advantages such as reduced energy consumption due to no phase change, low volume and high mass transfer, high separation efficiency for solution solutions, straightforward design of membranes, and ease of use on industrial scales are different from other separation methods. There are various methods such as liquid–liquid extraction, adsorption, precipitation, and membrane processes to separate contaminants from an aqueous solution. The liquid membrane technique provides a practical and straightforward separation method for metal ions as an advanced solvent extraction technique. Stabilized liquid membranes require less solvent consumption, lower cost, and more effortless mass transfer due to their thinner thickness than other liquid membrane techniques. The influence of the electrostatic properties, derived from the electrical field, on the ionic transport rate and extraction recovery, in flat sheet supported liquid membrane (FSLM) and electro flat sheet supported liquid membrane (EFSLM) were numerically investigated. Both FSLM and EFSLM modes of operation, in terms of implementing electrostatic, were considered. Through adopting a numerical approach, Poisson-Nernst-Planck, and Navier–Stokes equations were solved at unsteady-state conditions by considering different values of permittivity, diffusivity, and viscosity for the presence of electrical force and stirrer, respectively. The most important result of this study is that under similar conditions, by increasing the applied voltage, the extraction recovery increased. For instance, at EFSLM mode, by increasing the applied voltage from $$10 $$

10

to $$30 {\text{V}}$$

30
V

, the extraction recovery increased from $$53$$

53

to $$98\%$$

98
%

. Furthermore, it was also observed that the presence of nanoparticles has significant effects on the performance of the SLM system.
Organic and in-organic fertilizers effects on the performance of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) and cucumber (Cucumis sativus) grown on soilless medium
Authors: Adekiya Aruna Olasekan , Dahunsi Samuel Olatunde , Ayeni Jerry Femi , Aremu Charity , Aboyeji Christopher Muyiwa , Okunlola Faith , Oyelami Adeoluwa Emmanuel 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe effects of organic fertilizers, based on Tithonia diversifolia, and in-organic fertilizers, based on hydroponics fertilizer, were evaluated on the performance, leaves, and fruit mineral concentrations of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) and cucumber (Cucumis sativus) plants grown under soilless medium in a screen house. The treatments comprised six levels of liquid organic fertilizer (5, 15, 25, 35, 45, 55 mL), in-organic fertilizer, and a control. Both organic and in-organic fertilizers increased the growth, yield, leaf nutrient concentration, and the mineral contents of tomato and cucumber fruits in comparison with the control. In-organic fertilizer enhanced the performance and mineral concentrations of tomato and cucumber fruits in comparison with organic fertilizer. However, leaf analyses showed that all the essential elements for both tomato and cucumber crops were within the adequate ranges in the organic fertilizer treatments suggesting that this organic fertilizer can be used as an alternative to the expensive and scarce in-organic fertilizer. For organic fertilizer, the highest yield and mineral contents in fruits were attained at doses of 35 mL and 25 mL for tomato and cucumber plants, respectively. At these doses, the fruit weights of tomato and cucumber were increased by 137 and 198%, respectively, in comparison with the control. For a good yield of tomato and cucumber crop with a high fruit mineral content under the soilless medium of coco peat and rice husk, 35 mL and 25 mL of our tested organic fertilizer are recommended.
Closed-form solution of oscillating Maxwell nano-fluid with heat and mass transfer
Authors: Farooq Aamir , Rehman Sadique , Alharbi Abdulaziz N. , Kamran Muhammad , Botmart Thongchai , Khan Ilyas 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe primary goal of this article is to analyze the oscillating behavior of Maxwell Nano-fluid with regard to heat and mass transfer. Due to high thermal conductivity of engine oil is taken as a base fluid and graphene Nano-particles are introduced in it. Coupled partial differential equations are used to model the governing equations. To evaluate the given differential equations, certain dimensionless factors and Laplace transformations are used. The analytical solution is obtained for temperature, concentration and velocity. The temperature and concentration gradient are also finds to analyze the rate of heat and mass transfer. As a special case, the solution for Newtonian fluid is discussed. Finally, the behaviors of various physical factors are studied graphically for both sine and cosine oscillation and give physical meanings to the parameters.
Association between dietary patterns and bacterial vaginosis: a case–control study
Authors: Noormohammadi Morvarid , Eslamian Ghazaleh , Kazemi Seyyedeh Neda , Rashidkhani Bahram 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBacterial vaginosis (BV) is a predominant vaginal disturbance that affects about 25% of childbearing-aged women. Dietary consumption may have a crucial role in vaginal flora imbalances. This study was a hospital-based case–control study. In total, 144 incident BV cases and 151 healthy participants were recruited from the gynecology clinic in Tehran, Iran, between November 2020 and June 2021. Participants' typical diets were collected by a food frequency questionnaire. Vaginal flora was characterized based on the Amsel criteria. Factor analysis was used to pinpoint the principal dietary patterns. For logistic regression, the first tertile was assumed as a reference. Five principal dietary patterns emerged and were nominated as "Healthy diet," "Unhealthy diet," "Ovo-vegetarian diet," "Pseudo-Mediterranean diet," and "Western diet." The "Unhealthy diet" pattern were positively associated with BV (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 3.35; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.41, 7.94; ptrend: 0.006), while adherence to the "Ovo-vegetarian diet" pattern was associated with a reduced odds of BV (aOR = 0.16; 95% CI 0.07, 0.34; ptrend < 0.001). These results provide evidence that following the "unhealthy diet" pattern may lead to developing BV, and plant-based eating patterns may be associated with reduced BV odds.
Modeling of three dimensional Prandtl hybrid nano-material over a heated rotating cone involving hall and ion slip currents via finite element procedure
Authors: Sohail Muhammad , Nazir Umar , El-Zahar Essam R. , Park Choonkil , Mukdasai Kanit , Iqbal Amjad 
Published: July 2022

AbstractFlow in a rotating cone for magnetized Prandtl fluid model is inspected in this investigation. The momentum equation of Prandtl model is derived under the consideration of Hall and ion slip effects and heat transport phenomenon is considered with Joule heating and viscous dissipation effects. The model of Hamilton Crosser and Yamada Ota are considered for the empirical relations of nanofluid mixture. The flow presenting expression of Prandtl fluid model with thermal transport is modeled under boundary layer approximation in the form of partial differential equations (PDEs). The derived PDEs have been converted into set of coupled nonlinear ordinary differential equations (ODEs) by engaging an appropriate scaling group transformation and these converted nonlinear set of ODEs have been tackled numerically via finite element scheme (FES). Impact of different emerging parameters has been displayed graphically and the physics behind the observed phenomena is explained in detail. The convergence of FES is established by carrying the grid independent survey. From the performed investigation, it is recorded that the parameters appear due to Hall and Ion slip currents enhance the fluid velocity but the inverse behavior is recorded for temperature profile.
Higher-indexed Moiré patterns and surface states of MoTe2/graphene heterostructure grown by molecular beam epitaxy
Authors: Pham Trung T. , Vancsó Péter , Szendrő Márton , Palotás Krisztián , Castelino Roshan , Bouatou Mehdi , Chacon Cyril , Henrard Luc , Lagoute Jérôme , Sporken Robert 
Published: July 2022

AbstractStabilization of the 2H phase of MoTe2 during molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) growth on graphene terminated 6H-SiC(0001) is highly desirable in order to take advantage of its promising properties in electronic applications. By properly adjusting the conditions, direct growth of the highly crystalline 2H phase of MoTe2 has been achieved. In such van der Waals heterostructure, the atomically-clean interface between graphene and MoTe2 permits the electronic coupling between the adjacent layers and the emergence of a high variety of Moiré patterns. In this paper, we investigate a single layer of 2H-MoTe2 grown on graphene by MBE and we present scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) investigations combined with density functional theory (DFT) calculations and simulations of STM images. Our results show that the STM images of the MoTe2/graphene heterostructure surprisingly amplify the otherwise weak Moiré potential modulations leading to the appearance of unique higher-indexed Moiré patterns. These patterns are unusually rich with many Fourier-overtones and show a remarkable variety of different applied bias voltages, revealing the complex electronic features of the heterostructure.
Basal ganglia-cortical connectivity underlies self-regulation of brain oscillations in humans
Authors: Kasahara Kazumi , DaSalla Charles S. , Honda Manabu , Hanakawa Takashi 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBrain-computer interfaces provide an artificial link by which the brain can directly interact with the environment. To achieve fine brain-computer interface control, participants must modulate the patterns of the cortical oscillations generated from the motor and somatosensory cortices. However, it remains unclear how humans regulate cortical oscillations, the controllability of which substantially varies across individuals. Here, we performed simultaneous electroencephalography (to assess brain-computer interface control) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (to measure brain activity) in healthy participants. Self-regulation of cortical oscillations induced activity in the basal ganglia-cortical network and the neurofeedback control network. Successful self-regulation correlated with striatal activity in the basal ganglia-cortical network, through which patterns of cortical oscillations were likely modulated. Moreover, basal ganglia-cortical network and neurofeedback control network connectivity correlated with strong and weak self-regulation, respectively. The findings indicate that the basal ganglia-cortical network is important for self-regulation, the understanding of which should help advance brain-computer interface technology.
Genome-wide association study of cerebellar volume provides insights into heritable mechanisms underlying brain development and mental health
Authors: Tissink Elleke , de Lange Siemon C. , Savage Jeanne E. , Wightman Douglas P. , de Leeuw Christiaan A. , Kelly Kristen M. , Nagel Mats , van den Heuvel Martijn P. , Posthuma Danielle 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCerebellar volume is highly heritable and associated with neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders. Understanding the genetic architecture of cerebellar volume may improve our insight into these disorders. This study aims to investigate the convergence of cerebellar volume genetic associations in close detail. A genome-wide associations study for cerebellar volume was performed in a discovery sample of 27,486 individuals from UK Biobank, resulting in 30 genome-wide significant loci and a SNP heritability of 39.82%. We pinpoint the likely causal variants and those that have effects on amino acid sequence or cerebellar gene-expression. Additionally, 85 genome-wide significant genes were detected and tested for convergence onto biological pathways, cerebellar cell types, human evolutionary genes or developmental stages. Local genetic correlations between cerebellar volume and neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders reveal shared loci with Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease and schizophrenia. These results provide insights into the heritable mechanisms that contribute to developing a brain structure important for cognitive functioning and mental health.
Dipolar spin-waves and tunable band gap at the Dirac points in the 2D magnet ErBr3
Authors: Wessler Christian , Roessli Bertrand , Krämer Karl W. , Stuhr Uwe , Wildes Andrew , Braun Hans B. , Kenzelmann Michel 
Published: July 2022

AbstractTopological magnon insulators constitute a growing field of research for their potential use as information carriers without heat dissipation. We report an experimental and theoretical study of the magnetic ground-state and excitations in the van der Waals two-dimensional honeycomb magnet ErBr3. We show that the magnetic properties of this compound are entirely governed by the dipolar interactions which generate a continuously degenerate non-collinear ground-state on the honeycomb lattice with spins confined in the plane. We find that the magnon dispersion exhibits Dirac-like cones when the magnetic moments in the ground-state are related by time-reversal and inversion symmetries associated with a Berry phaseπas in single-layer graphene. A magnon band gap opens when the dipoles are rotated away from this state, entailing a finite Berry curvature in the vicinity of the K and K’ Dirac points. Our results illustrate that the spin-wave dispersion of dipoles on the honeycomb lattice can be reversibly controlled from a magnetic phase with Dirac cones to a topological antiferromagnetic insulator with non-trivial valley Chern number.
Models of science and society: transcending the antagonism
Authors: Dressel Markus 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWhat is the appropriate place for science in society? Despite the vast literature on the subject, the science–society relation remains a disputed issue. A major reason is that, when we are asking about the right place of science in society, we are actually asking a range of interrelated and hard-to-answer individual questions. These questions include the role of social values in the research process, the neutrality of science in policy, the interplay between evidence and decision-making, and many others. A sensible way to organize these questions—and the set of potential answers—are science–society interaction models (SSIMs). SSIMs reduce the complexity of the science–society relation and provide generic templates for interactions between scientists and non-scientists. However, SSIMs are often used in an unproductive way, namely as antagonistic camps or as representations of real-world actors’ beliefs. Focusing on the popular distinction between technocratic, decisionist, and pragmatist models, this paper discusses the strengths and weaknesses of SSIMs. It argues that SSIMs should not, as is often done in the science–society literature, be understood as antagonistic camps or representations of actor beliefs, but as ideal types and heuristics. Building on this interpretation, this paper presents tentative ideas for a reflexive tool that real-world actors can use to assess their fundamental assumptions about science and society.
The Genetic Risk of Gestational Diabetes in South Asian women
Authors: Lamri Amel , Limbachia Jayneel , Schulze Karleen M , Desai Dipika , Kelly Brian , de Souza Russell J , Paré Guillaume , Lawlor Deborah A , Wright John , Anand Sonia S ,   the Born in Bradford and START investigators
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACTSouth Asian women are at increased risk of developing gestational diabetes (GDM). Few studies have investigated the genetic contributions to GDM risk. We investigated the association of a type 2 diabetes (T2D) polygenic risk score (PRS), on its own, and with GDM risk factors, on GDM-related traits using data from two birth cohorts in which South Asian women were enrolled during pregnancy. 837 and 4,372 pregnant South Asian women from the SouTh Asian BiRth CohorT (START) and Born in Bradford (BiB) cohort studies underwent a 75-gram glucose tolerance test. PRSs were derived using GWAS results from an independent multi-ethnic study (∼18% South Asians). Associations with fasting plasma glucose (FPG); 2h post-load glucose (2hG); area under the curve glucose; and GDM were tested using linear and logistic regressions. The population attributable fraction (PAF) of the PRS was calculated. Every 1 SD increase in the PRS was associated with a 0.085 mmol/L increase in FPG ([95%CI=0.07-0.10], P=2.85 × 10−20); 0.21 mmol/L increase in 2hG ([95%CI=0.16-0.26], P=5.49 × 10−16); and a 45% increase in the risk of GDM ([95%CI=32-60%], P=2.27 × 10−14), independent of parental history of diabetes and other GDM risk factors. PRS tertile 3 accounted for 12.5% of the population’s GDM. No consistent interactions of the PRS with BMI, or diet quality were observed. A T2D PRS is strongly associated with multiple GDM-related traits in women of South Asian descent, and accounts for a substantial proportion of the PAF of GDM.
Mechanisms underlying reshuffling of visual responses by optogenetic stimulation in mice and monkeys
Authors: Sanzeni A. , Palmigiano A. , Nguyen T.H. , Luo J. , Nassi J.J. , Reynolds J.H. , Histed M.H. , Miller K.D. , Brunel N. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe ability to optogenetically perturb neural circuits opens an unprecedented window into mechanisms governing circuit function. We analyzed and theoretically modeled neuronal responses to visual and optogenetic inputs in mouse and monkey V1. In both species, optogenetic stimulation of excitatory neurons strongly modulated the activity of single neurons, yet had weak or no effects on the distribution of firing rates across the population. Thus, the optogenetic inputs reshuffled firing rates across the network. Key statistics of mouse and monkey responses lay on a continuum, with mice/monkeys occupying the low/high rate regions, respectively. We show that neuronal reshuffling emerges generically in randomly connected excitatory/inhibitory networks, provided the coupling strength (combination of recurrent coupling and external input) is sufficient that powerful inhibitory feedback cancels the mean optogenetic input. A more realistic model, distinguishing tuned visual vs. untuned optogenetic input in a structured network, reduces the coupling strength needed to explain reshuffling.
RLSuite: An integrative R-loop bioinformatics framework
Authors: Miller H. E. , Montemayor D. , Levy S. , Sharma K. , Frost B. , Bishop A. J. R. 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACTR-loops are three-stranded nucleic acid structures containing RNA:DNA hybrids. While R-loop mapping via high-throughput sequencing can reveal novel insight into R-loop biology, the analysis and quality control of these data is a non-trivial task for which few bioinformatic tools exist. Herein we describeRLSuite, an integrative R-loop bioinformatics framework for pre-processing, quality control, and downstream analysis of R-loop mapping data. RLSuite enables users to compare their data to hundreds of public datasets and generate a user-friendly analysis report for sharing with non-bioinformatician colleagues. Taken together, RLSuite is a novel analysis framework that should greatly benefit the emerging R-loop bioinformatics community.
Salivary exosomal miR-1307-5p predicts disease aggressiveness and poor prognosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma patients
Authors: Patel Aditi , Patel Shanaya , Patel Parina , Mandlik Dushyant , Patel Kaustubh , Tanavde Vivek 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundSalivary exosomal miRNAs as biomarkers facilitate repeated sampling, real-time disease monitoring and assessment of therapeutic response. This study identifies a single salivary exosomal miRNA prognosticator that will aid in improved patient outcome using a liquid biopsy approach.MethodSmall RNA and transcriptome sequencing profiles of tumour tissues and salivary exosomes from oral cancer patients were compared to their non-cancerous counterparts. We validated these results using the Cancer Genome Atlas database and performing Real-time PCR on a larger patient cohort. Potential target genes, miRNA-mRNA networks and enriched biological pathways regulated by this microRNA were identified using computational tools.ResultsSalivary exosomes (size: 30-50nm) demonstrated a strong expression of CD47 and detectable expression of tetraspanins CD63, CD81 and CD9 by flow cytometry. miR-1307-5p was exclusively overexpressed in tissues and salivary exosomes of oral cancer patients compared to their non-cancerous counterparts. Enhanced expression of miR-1307-5p clinically correlated with poor patient survival, disease progression, aggressiveness and chemo-resistance in these patients. Transcriptome analysis suggested that miRNA-1307-5p could promote oral cancer progression by suppressing THOP1, EHF, RNF4, GET4, and RNF114.ConclusionSalivary exosomal miRNA-1307-5p is a potential prognosticator for predicting poor survival and poor patient outcome in oral cancers.