bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Induction of Fos protein by 3,4‐ methylenedioxymethamphetamine (Ecstasy) in rat brain: regional differences in pharmacological manipulation
Authors: HASHIMOTO KENJI , TOMITAKA SHIN‐ICHIRO , NARITA NATSUKO , MINABE YOSHIO , IYO MASAOMI 
Published: July 2002

AbstractPsychostimulant drugs have been reported to increase the expression of some immediate‐early genes in the brain. In the present study, immunohistochemical techniques were used to assess the pattern of Fos protein produced by 3,4‐methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) in several brain regions. Furthermore, we also studied the role of the dopamine D and D receptors and the N‐methyl‐ D‐aspartate (NMDA) receptor in the induction of Fos protein by MDMA. A single administration of MDMA (5, 10 or 20 mg/kg) caused marked induction of Fos‐immunoreactivity in several regions including frontal cortex, striatum and olfactory tubercle of rat brain, in a dose‐dependent manner. However, in the hippocampus and cerebellum, there were few or no Fos immunoreactive cells induced by MDMA. Furthermore, the induction of Fos protein in the striatum and olfactory tubercle after administration of MDMA (10 mg/kg) was blocked by pre‐treatment with the dopamine D receptor antagonist SCH 23390 (1 mg/kg) or the NMDA receptor antagonist dizocilpine (1 mg/kg), but not by the dopamine D receptor antagonist (‐)‐sulpiride (100 mg/kg). However, the induction of Fos protein in the frontal cortex and hippocampus by MDMA was unaltered by pretreatment with SCH 23390 (1 mg/kg) or (‐)‐sulpiride (100 mg/kg). These results suggest that MDMA induces the expression of Fos protein in several regions of rat brain, and that the expression of Fos protein by MDMA in the striatum and olfactory tubercle appears to be mediated at least in part by the dopamine D and NMDA receptors.
Central pontine myelinolysis in a normonatraemic alcoholic patient
Authors: MUNDLE GÖTZ , FRIESE SIGRID , KÖHNKE MICHAEL D. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractCentral pontine myelinolysis (CPM) is a rare disease which has been associated with hyponatraemia and its rapid correction. We describe a malnourished 32‐year‐old alcohol‐dependent woman suffering from an infection who had developed CPM without any known prior derangement in serum electrolytes or its iatrogenic correction. Computerized tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) played an important role in the diagnosis. Even when an electrolyte derangement is absent, alcoholism, malnourishment and infection should be considered as important possible aetiological factors of CPM.
Pancreatitis‐associated proteins: experimental and clinical studies
Authors: PAAJANEN HANNU , NORDBACK ISTO 
Published: July 2002

AbstractVarious novel biochemical markers indicate pancreatic cellular injury more accurately than serum amylase or lipase. One of these is a non‐enzymatic secretory protein called pancreatitis‐associated protein (PAP).The main function of PAP is unclear at present but it may be an acute phase protein in the defence reactions of pancreatic cells. The protein was characterized in 1984 as a serum marker of pancreatitis. The serum PAP is expressed 6 hours after the induction of pancreatitis, and it increases to maximal levels within 2–4 days: PAP is not sufficiently sensitive for the diagnosis of acute pancreatitis in the emergency room. The sensitivity and specificity of PAP in the differentiation of severe from mild pancreatitis is between 60–70%. This is not superior to serum CRP assays or CT scans. PAP increases in pancreatic cellular injury without pancreatitis (subclinical cell damage, graft rejection) where PAP may have a diagnostic role.
Accelerated polynomial approximation of finite order entire functions by growth reduction
Authors: Müller Jürgen 
Published: July 2002

Let

f
f

be an entire function of positive order and finite type. The subject of this note is the convergence acceleration of polynomial approximants of

f
f

by incorporating information about the growth of

f
(
z
)

f(z)

for

z
→
∞

z\to \infty

. We consider “near polynomial approximation” on a compact plane set

K
K

, which should be thought of as a circle or a real interval. Our aim is to find sequences

(

f
n

)
n

(f_n)_n

of functions which are the product of a polynomial of degree

≤
n

\le n

and an “easy computable” second factor and such that

(

f
n

)
n

(f_n)_n

converges essentially faster to

f
f

on

K
K

than the sequence

(

P
n
∗

)
n

(P_n^*)_n

of best approximating polynomials of degree

≤
n

\le n

. The resulting method, which we call Reduced Growth method (

R
G

RG

-method) is introduced in Section 2. In Section 5, numerical examples of the

R
G

RG

-method applied to the complex error function and to Bessel functions are given.
Simultaneous Enhanced Device Efficiency and Color Neutrality in Semitransparent Organic Photovoltaics Employing a Synergy of Ternary Strategy and Optical Engineering
Authors: Yuan Xinxin , Sun Rui , Wu Yao , Wang Tao , Wang Yuheng , Wang Wei , Yu Yue , Guo Jing , Wu Qiang , Min Jie 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPower conversion efficiency (PCE) and color rendering index (CRI) are two important parameters for realizing the potential application of semitransparent organic photovoltaics (ST‐OPVs) into the field of building‐integrated photovoltaics (BIPVs). Herein, to extend the PCE limit while showing desirable neutral‐colored perception, formally in a trade‐off relationship, of ST‐OPVs, new ternary photoactive layers composed of polymer donor PM6‐Ir1, non‐fullerene acceptor BTP‐eC9, and fullerene acceptor PC71BM as the third component are employed, which are effective to improve opaque device efficiency while modulating CRI in relevant ternary blends. Furthermore, multifunctional ST‐OPVs are realized via simultaneously optimizing the content of PC71BM in acceptors and employing a simple photonic reflector, leading to not only excellent neutral color perception with a CRI of 96.5 but also a PCE of 14.09% with an average visible transmittance higher than 20%. Vivid backgrounds can be clearly seen through the 1‐DBR‐based ternary ST‐OPVs. Overall, these results represent the best‐performing multifunctional ST‐OPVs, and this synergistic effect can pave the road for ST‐OPVs as promising BIPVs of high device performance and good color neutrality.
Decoupling and Reprogramming the Wiggling Motion of Midge Larvae Using a Soft Robotic Platform
Authors: Xia Neng , Jin Bowen , Jin Dongdong , Yang Zhengxin , Pan Chengfeng , Wang Qianqian , Ji Fengtong , Iacovacci Veronica , Majidi Carmel , Ding Yang , Zhang Li 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe efficient motility of invertebrates helps them survive under evolutionary pressures. Reconstructing the locomotion of invertebrates and decoupling the influence of individual basic motion are crucial for understanding their underlying mechanisms, which, however, generally remain a challenge due to the complexity of locomotion gaits. Herein, a magnetic soft robot to reproduce midge larva's key natural swimming gaits is developed, and the coupling effect between body curling and rotation on motility is investigated. Through the authors’ systematically decoupling studies using programmed magnetic field inputs, the soft robot (named LarvaBot) experiences various coupled gaits, including biomimetic side‐to‐side flexures, and unveils that the optimal rotation amplitude and the synchronization of curling and rotation greatly enhance its motility. The LarvaBot achieves fast locomotion and upstream capability at the moderate Reynolds number regime. The soft robotics‐based platform provides new insight to decouple complex biological locomotion, and design programmed swimming gaits for the fast locomotion of soft‐bodied swimmers.
Bimetallic Nanocatalysts Immobilized in Nanoporous Hydrogels for Long‐Term Robust Continuous Glucose Monitoring of Smart Contact Lens
Authors: Kim Su‐Kyoung , Lee Geon‐Hui , Jeon Cheonhoo , Han Hye Hyeon , Kim Seong‐Jong , Mok Jee Won , Joo Choun‐Ki , Shin Sangbaie , Sim Jae‐Yoon , Myung David , Bao Zhenan , Hahn Sei Kwang 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSmart contact lenses for continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) have great potential for huge clinical impact. To date, their development has been limited by challenges in accurate detection of glucose without hysteresis for tear glucose monitoring to track the blood glucose levels. Here, long‐term robust CGM in diabetic rabbits is demonstrated by using bimetallic nanocatalysts immobilized in nanoporous hydrogels in smart contact lenses. After redox reaction of glucose oxidase, the nanocatalysts facilitate rapid decomposition of hydrogen peroxide and nanoparticle‐mediated charge transfer with drastically improved diffusion via rapid swelling of nanoporous hydrogels. The ocular glucose sensors result in high sensitivity, fast response time, low detection limit, low hysteresis, and rapid sensor warming‐up time. In diabetic rabbits, smart contact lens can detect tear glucose levels consistent with blood glucose levels measured by a glucometer and a CGM device, reflecting rapid concentration changes without hysteresis. The CGM in a human demonstrates the feasibility of smart contact lenses for further clinical applications.
Six‐Mode Orbital Angular Momentum Generator Enabled by Helicity‐Assisted Full‐Space Metasurface with Flexible Manipulation of Phase, Polarization, and Spatial Information
Authors: Liu Tonghao , Li Weihan , Meng Yueyu , Ma Hua , Tang Wenxuan , Li Guoqiang , Shi Hongyu , Sui Sai , Wang Jiafu , Qu Shaobo 
Published: February 2022

AbstractVortex beam carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM) has been experiencing a research upsurge attributed to its excellent communication capability, which also boosts the development of the OAM technology and promotes the application of the OAM generator. However, most of the existing designs of the OAM generators can only produce a small number of diverse OAM modes, and restrict the channel capacity of single OAM generator. Herein, an appealing strategy of six‐mode OAM generator based on helicity‐assisted full‐space metasurface is proposed to generate up to six diverse OAM modes by altering the polarization state, illumination region, and incidence direction of incident waves. Significantly, the designed OAM generator has high communication security because of its great information entropy, and the generated OAM modes possess the characteristics of high purity and low crosstalk which result from the orthogonal polarization states and unequal deflection angles of produced vortex beams. A proof‐of‐concept prototype is constructed to corroborate the validity of our methodology, and the results of simulations and experiments are in excellent agreement with theoretical predictions. This fire‐new OAM generator will possess a promising application prospect in communication systems, and may also provide an efficacious method to design multifunctional devices.
Truxenone Triimide: Two‐Dimensional Molecular Arrangements of Triangular Molecules for Air Stable n‐Type Semiconductors
Authors: Kumar Sharvan , Koo Yun Hee , Higashino Tomohiro , Matsuda Wakana , Ghosh Samrat , Tsutsui Yusuke , Suda Masayuki , Imahori Hiroshi , Suzuki Katsuaki , Kaji Hironori , Seki Shu 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe preparation of a new class of electron deficient organic compounds is of great interest for the development of high‐performance n‐type organic semiconductors. Herein, the facile synthetic protocol for the isolation of the first examples of truxenone triimide (TTI) is reported. The electrochemical analysis of the resulting TTIs confirms that the multi‐imidization helps in lowering the LUMO energy level, tailoring prerequisite optoelectronic and/or semiconducting properties. Their microscopic charge carrier transport properties and dynamics are screened by flash‐photolysis time‐resolved microwave conductivity measurements. Compound 2D exhibited an electron mobility of 0.27 cm2 V−1 s−1 under ambient conditions.
PRUNE1 c.933G>A synonymous variant induces exon 7 skipping, disrupts the DHHA2 domain, and leads to an atypical NMIHBA syndrome presentation: Case report and review of the literature
Authors: Magyar Christina L. , Murdock David R. , Burrage Lindsay C. , Dai Hongzheng , Lalani Seema R. , Lewis Richard A. , Lin Yuezhen , Astudillo Marcela F. , Rosenfeld Jill A. , Tran Alyssa A. , Gibson James B. ,   Undiagnosed Diseases Network, Bacino Carlos A. , Lee Brendan H. , Chao Hsiao‐Tuan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPrune exopolyphosphatase‐1 (PRUNE1) encodes a member of the aspartic acid–histidine–histidine (DHH) phosphodiesterase superfamily that regulates cell migration and proliferation during brain development. In 2015, biallelic PRUNE1 loss‐of‐function variants were identified to cause the neurodevelopmental disorder with microcephaly, hypotonia, and variable brain abnormalities (NMIHBA, OMIM#617481). NMIHBA is characterized by the namesake features and structural brain anomalies including thinning of the corpus callosum, cerebral and cerebellar atrophy, and delayed myelination. To date, 47 individuals have been reported in the literature, but the phenotypic spectrum of PRUNE1‐related disorders and their causative variants remains to be characterized fully. Here, we report a novel homozygous PRUNE1 NM_021222.2:c.933G>A synonymous variant identified in a 6‐year‐old boy with intellectual and developmental disabilities, hypotonia, and spastic diplegia, but with the absence of microcephaly, brain anomalies, or seizures. Fibroblast RNA sequencing revealed that the PRUNE1 NM_021222.1:c.933G>A variant resulted in an in‐frame skipping of the penultimate exon 7, removing 53 amino acids from an important protein domain. This case represents the first synonymous variant and the third pathogenic variant known to date affecting the DHH‐associated domain (DHHA2 domain). These findings extend the genotypic and phenotypic spectrums in PRUNE1‐related disorders and highlight the importance of considering synonymous splice site variants in atypical presentations.
Pairing Phenomena and Superfluidity of Atomic Fermi Gases in a Two‐Dimensional Optical Lattice: Unusual Effects of Lattice‐Continuum Mixing
Authors: Sun Lin , Wang Jibiao , Chu Xiang , Chen Qijin 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe superfluid behavior of ultracold atomic Fermi gases with a short range attractive interaction in a two‐dimensional optical lattice (2DOL) is studied using a pairing fluctuation theory, within the context of BCS‐BEC crossover. It is found that the mixing of lattice and continuum dimensions leads to exotic phenomena. For relatively large lattice constant d and small hopping integral t, the superfluid transition temperature exhibits a remarkable reentrant behavior as a function of the interaction strength, and leads to a pair density wave ground state, where vanishes, for a range of intermediate coupling strength. In the unitary and BCS regimes, the nature of the in‐plane and overall pairing changes from particle‐like to hole‐like, with an unexpected nonmonotonic dependence of the chemical potential on the pairing strength. The Bose–Einstein condensation asymptotic behaviors exhibit distinct power law dependencies on the interaction strength compared to cases of pure 3D lattice, 3D continuum, and 1DOL. These predictions can be tested in future experiments.
Peptide Backbone Directed Self‐Assembly of Merocyanine Oligomers into Duplex Structures
Authors: Liu Bin , Vonhausen Yvonne , Schulz Alexander , Höbartner Claudia , Würthner Frank 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe pseudopeptide backbone provided by N‐(2‐aminoethyl)‐glycine oligomers with attached nucleobases has been widely utilized in peptide nucleic acids (PNAs) as DNA mimics. Here we demonstrate the suitability of this backbone for the formation of structurally defined dye stacks. Toward this goal a series of peptide merocyanine (PMC) dye oligomers connected to a N‐(2‐aminoethyl)‐glycine backbone were prepared through peptide synthesis. Our concentration‐, temperature‐ and solvent‐dependent UV/Vis absorption studies show that under the control of dipole–dipole interactions, smaller‐sized oligomers consisting of one, two or three dyes self‐assemble into defined duplex structures containing two up to six chromophores. In contrast, upon further extension of the oligomer, the chosen peptide backbone cannot direct the formation of a defined duplex architecture anymore due to intramolecular aggregation between the dyes. For all aggregate species a moderate aggregation‐induced emission enhancement is observed.
Expressed Protein Selenoester Ligation
Authors: Kulkarni Sameer S. , Watson Emma E. , Maxwell Joshua W. C. , Niederacher Gerhard , Johansen‐Leete Jason , Huhmann Susanne , Mukherjee Somnath , Norman Alexander R. , Kriegesmann Julia , Becker Christian F. W. , Payne Richard J. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractHerein, we describe the development and application of a novel expressed protein selenoester ligation (EPSL) methodology for the one‐pot semi‐synthesis of modified proteins. EPSL harnesses the rapid kinetics of ligation reactions between modified synthetic selenopeptides and protein aryl selenoesters (generated from expressed intein fusion precursors) followed by in situ chemoselective deselenization to afford target proteins at concentrations that preclude the use of traditional ligation methods. The utility of the EPSL technology is showcased through the efficient semi‐synthesis of ubiquitinated polypeptides, lipidated analogues of the membrane‐associated GTPase YPT6, and site‐specifically phosphorylated variants of the oligomeric chaperone protein Hsp27 at high dilution.
Versatile Synthesis of Mesoporous Crystalline TiO2 Materials by Monomicelle Assembly
Authors: Lan Kun , Wei Qiulong , Zhao Dongyuan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractMesoscale TiO2 structures have realized many technological applications—ranging from catalysis and biomedicine to energy storage and conversion—because of their large mesoporosities offering desirable accessibility and mass transport. Tailoring mesoporous TiO2 structures with novel mesoscopic and microscopic configurations is envisaged to offer ample opportunities for further applications. In this Review, we explain how to synthesize novel mesoporous TiO2 materials and present recent examples. An emphasis is placed on a “monomicelle assembly” strategy as an emerging and powerful approach to direct the formation of mesostructured TiO2 with precise control over its structural orientations and architectures. Furthermore, typical examples of mesoporous TiO2 for applications in batteries and photocatalysis are highlighted. The Review ends with an outlook towards the synthesis of mesoporous TiO2 with tailored architectures by self‐assembly, which could pave the way for developing advanced energy conversion and storage devices.
Iridium‐Catalyzed Enantioselective C(sp3)−H Borylation of Aminocyclopropanes
Authors: Shi Yongjia , Yang Yuhuan , Xu Senmiao 
Published: February 2022

AbstractTransition‐metal‐catalyzed regio‐ and stereo‐controllable C−H functionalization remains a formidable challenge in asymmetric catalysis. Herein, we disclose the first example of iridium‐catalyzed C(sp3)−H borylation of aminocyclopropanes by using simple imides as weakly coordinating directing groups under mild reaction conditions. The reaction proceeded via a six‐membered iridacycle, affording a vast range of chiral aminocyclopropyl boronates. The current method features a broad spectrum of functional groups (36 examples) and high enantioselectivities (up to 99 %). We also demonstrated the synthetic utility by a preparative scale C−H borylation, C−B bond transformations, and conversion of the directing group.
Synthesis of N‐Doped Highly Graphitic Carbon Urchin‐Like Hollow Structures Loaded with Single‐Ni Atoms towards Efficient CO2Electroreduction
Authors: Li Yunxiang , Lu Xue Feng , Xi Shibo , Luan Deyan , Wang Xin , Lou Xiong Wen (David) 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe rational design of single‐atom catalysts featuring excellent conductivity, highly accessible discrete active sites and favorable mass transfer is crucial for electrocatalysis but remains challenging. In this study, a reliable Ni‐catalyzed and Ni‐templated strategy is developed to synthesize a single‐atom catalyst by transforming metallic Ni into single‐Ni atoms anchored on hollow porous urchin‐like (HPU) N‐doped carbon (NC) (designated as Ni‐NC(HPU)), which possesses high crystallinity and sufficient Ni‐N4moiety (2.4 wt %). The unique hollow thorns on the surface, good conductivity and large external surface area facilitate electron/mass transfer and exposure of single‐Ni sites. As a result, the Ni‐NC(HPU) catalyst exhibits remarkable activity and high stability for CO2electroreduction. Moreover, this synthetic strategy can also be facilely extended to prepare distinct hollow porous architectures with similar components, such as the wire‐ and sphere‐like ones.
Heterotrimetallic Double Cavity Cages: Syntheses and Selective Guest Binding
Authors: Lisboa Lynn S. , Preston Dan , McAdam C. John , Wright L. James , Hartinger Christian G. , Crowley James D. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA strategy for the generation of heterotrimetallic double cavity (DC) cages [PdnPtmL4]6+ (DC1: n=1, m=2; and DC2: n=2, m=1) is reported. The DC cages were generated by combining an inert platinum(II) tetrapyridylaldehyde complex with a suitably substituted pyridylamine and PdII ions. 1H and DOSY nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESIMS) data were consistent with the formation of the DC architectures. DC1 and DC2 were shown to interact with several different guest molecules. The structure of DC1, which features two identical cavities, binding two 2,6‐diaminoanthraquinone (DAQ) guest molecules was determined by single‐crystal X‐ray crystallography. In addition, DC1 was shown to bind two molecules of 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU) in a statistical (non‐cooperative) manner. In contrast, DC2, which features two different cage cavities, was found to interact with two different guests, 5‐FU and cisplatin, selectively.
A Glycoform‐Resolved Dual‐Modal Ratiometric Immunoassay Improves the Diagnostic Precision for Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Li Pengfei , Pang Jilei , Xu Shuxin , He Hui , Ma Yanyan , Liu Zhen 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe glycosylation pattern of alpha fetoprotein (AFP) paves the basis for precise early diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, existing analytical methods ignore the contribution of terminal sialic acid, which has been reported to be highly connected with HCC. Besides, the development of diagnostic assays is severely hindered by the preparation of anti‐glycans antibodies. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs), as synthetic antibody mimics, provide unique strengths to address these issues. Herein, we report a MIPs‐based dual‐modal ratiometric immunoassay for precise HCC diagnosis. Using a “pit one against ten” MIP to recognize a subset of glycans containing sialic acid and/or core fucose, we demonstrated our assay exhibited improved precision as compared with ELISA. This assay provided not only a glycoform‐resolved method for precise HCC diagnosis, but also a new paradigm for developing antibody mimics via molecular imprinting towards challenging biomedical applications.