bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PubChem 2023 update
Authors: Kim Sunghwan , Chen Jie , Cheng Tiejun , Gindulyte Asta , He Jia , He Siqian , Li Qingliang , Shoemaker Benjamin A , Thiessen Paul A , Yu Bo , Zaslavsky Leonid , Zhang Jian , Bolton Evan E 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
PubChem (https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov) is a popular chemical information resource that serves a wide range of use cases. In the past two years, a number of changes were made to PubChem. Data from more than 120 data sources was added to PubChem. Some major highlights include: the integration of Google Patents data into PubChem, which greatly expanded the coverage of the PubChem Patent data collection; the creation of the Cell Line and Taxonomy data collections, which provide quick and easy access to chemical information for a given cell line and taxon, respectively; and the update of the bioassay data model. In addition, new functionalities were added to the PubChem programmatic access protocols, PUG-REST and PUG-View, including support for target-centric data download for a given protein, gene, pathway, cell line, and taxon and the addition of the ‘standardize’ option to PUG-REST, which returns the standardized form of an input chemical structure. A significant update was also made to PubChemRDF. The present paper provides an overview of these changes.
Translational alterations in pancreatic cancer: a central role for the integrated stress response
Authors: Shin Sauyeun , Solorzano Jacobo , Liauzun Mehdi , Pyronnet Stéphane , Bousquet Corinne , Martineau Yvan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
mRNA translation is a key mechanism for cancer cell proliferation and stress adaptation. Regulation of this machinery implicates upstream pathways such as PI3K/AKT/mTOR, RAS/MEK/ERK and the integrated stress response (ISR), principally coordinating the translation initiation step. During the last decade, dysregulation of the mRNA translation process in pancreatic cancer has been widely reported, and shown to critically impact on cancer initiation, development and survival. This includes translation dysregulation of mRNAs encoding oncogenes and tumor suppressors. Hence, cancer cells survive a stressful microenvironment through a flexible regulation of translation initiation for rapid adaptation. The ISR pathway has an important role in chemoresistance and shows high potential therapeutic interest. Despite the numerous translational alterations reported in pancreatic cancer, their consequences are greatly underestimated. In this review, we summarize the different translation dysregulations described in pancreatic cancer, which make it invulnerable, as well as the latest drug discoveries bringing a glimmer of hope.
Influence of Disclosed and Undisclosed Funding Sources in Tobacco Harm Reduction Discourse: A Social Network Analysis
Authors: Vassey Julia , Hendlin Yogi H , Vora Manali , Ling Pamela 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Introduction
Tobacco harm reduction (THR) discourse has been divisive for the tobacco control community, partially because it sometimes aligns public health and tobacco industry interests. Industry funding is contentious as it influences study outcomes, and is not always disclosed in scientific publications. This study examines the role of disclosed and undisclosed industry support on THR publications via social network analysis.

Methods
We reviewed 826 English-language manuscripts (1992–2016) to determine disclosed and undisclosed industry (pharmaceutical, tobacco, and e-cigarette) and non-industry (including government) support received by 1405 authors. We used social network analysis to identify the most influential authors in THR discourse by assessing the number of their collaborators on publications, the frequency of connecting other authors in the network, and tendency to form groups based on the presence of sponsorship disclosures, sources of funding, and THR stance.

Results
About 284 (20%) out of 1405 authors were supported by industry. Industry-sponsored authors were more central and influential in the network: with twice as many publications (Median = 4), 1.25 as many collaborators on publications (Median = 5), and higher likelihood of connecting other authors and thus having more influence in the network, compared to non-industry-sponsored authors. E-cigarette industry-sponsored authors had the strongest association with undisclosed industry support.

Conclusions
Authors with industry support exerted a stronger influence on the THR scientific discourse than non-industry-supported authors. Journals should continue adhering to strict policies requiring conflicts of interest disclosures. An increase in public health spending on tobacco control research may be necessary to achieve funding parity.
Evidence of self-selection and spatial mismatch in interregional migration: the case of Italy
Authors: Biagi Bianca , Detotto Claudio , Faggian Alessandra 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Selective migration does not necessarily imply a unique unidirectional or ‘synchronized’ flow from the poorer to the richer regions. Indeed, migration is selective to individual characteristics of migrants, but also places. Therefore, it is likely that migrants with different skill levels, age, and gender select different destinations—irrespective of regional disparities—with a greater degree of synchronization by similar individuals. The article explores these processes in Italy using inter-provincial migration flows (NUTS3) data for the years 1975, 1985, 1995, and 2005 and dividing migrants into 18 categories based on their human capital (proxied by education), age, and gender. Findings confirm the hypothesis of selective migration flows with clear-cut differences in choosing locations according to individual characteristics.
Prefrontal influences on the function of the neural circuitry underlying anxious temperament in primates
Authors: Kenwood Margaux M , Oler Jonathan A , Tromp Do P M , Fox Andrew S , Riedel Marissa K , Roseboom Patrick H , Brunner Kevin G , Aggarwal Nakul , Murray Elisabeth A , Kalin Ned H 
Published: October 2022

ABSTRACT
Anxious temperament, characterized by heightened behavioral and physiological reactivity to potential threat, is an early childhood risk factor for the later development of stress-related psychopathology. Using a well-validated nonhuman primate model, we tested the hypothesis that the prefrontal cortex (PFC) is critical in regulating the expression of primate anxiety-like behavior, as well as the function of subcortical components of the anxiety-related neural circuit. We performed aspiration lesions of a narrow ‘strip’ of the posterior orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) intended to disrupt both cortex and axons entering, exiting and coursing through the pOFC, particularly those of the uncinate fasciculus (UF), a white matter tract that courses adjacent to and through this region. The OFC is of particular interest as a potential regulatory region because of its extensive reciprocal connections with amygdala, other subcortical structures and other frontal lobe regions. We validated this lesion method by demonstrating marked lesion-induced decreases in the microstructural integrity of the UF, which contains most of the fibers that connect the ventral PFC with temporal lobe structures as well as with other frontal regions. While the lesions resulted in modest decreases in threat-related behavior, they substantially decreased metabolism in components of the circuit underlying threat processing. These findings provide evidence for the importance of structural connectivity between the PFC and key subcortical structures in regulating the functions of brain regions known to be involved in the adaptive and maladaptive expression of anxiety.
The intermediate in a nitrate-responsive ω-amidase pathway in plants may signal ammonium assimilation status
Authors: Unkefer Pat J , Knight Thomas J , Martinez Rodolfo A 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
A metabolite of ammonium assimilation was previously theorized to be involved in the coordination of the overall nitrate response in plants. Here we show that 2-hydroxy-5-oxoproline, made by transamination of glutamine, the first product of ammonium assimilation, may be involved in signaling a plant’s ammonium assimilation status. In leaves, 2-hydroxy-5-oxoproline met four foundational requirements to be such a signal. First, when it was applied to foliage, enzyme activities of nitrate reduction and ammonium assimilation increased; the activities of key tricarboxylic acid cycle-associated enzymes that help to supply carbon skeletons for amino acid synthesis also increased. Second, its leaf pools increased as nitrate availability increased. Third, the pool size of its precursor, Gln, reflected ammonium assimilation rather than photorespiration. Fourth, it was widely conserved among monocots, dicots, legumes, and nonlegumes and in plants with C3 or C4 metabolism. Made directly from the first product of ammonium assimilation, 2-hydroxy-5-oxoproline acted as a nitrate uptake stimulant. When 2-hydroxy-5-oxoproline was provided to roots, the plant’s nitrate uptake rate approximately doubled. Plants exogenously provided with 2-hydroxy-5-oxoproline to either roots or leaves accumulated greater biomass. A model was constructed that included the proposed roles of 2-hydroxy-5-oxoproline as a signal molecule of ammonium assimilation status in leaves, as a stimulator of nitrate uptake by roots and nitrate downloading from the xylem. In summary, a glutamine metabolite made in the ω-amidase pathway stimulated nitrate uptake by roots and was likely to be a signal of ammonium assimilation status in leaves. A chemical synthesis method for 2-hydroxy-5-oxoproline was also developed.
The herbaceous peony transcription factor WRKY41a promotes secondary cell wall thickening to enhance stem strength
Authors: Tang Yuhan , Lu Lili , Huang Xingqi , Zhao Daqiu , Tao Jun 
Published: October 2022

AbstractStem bending or lodging caused by insufficient stem strength is an important limiting factor for plant production. Secondary cell walls play a crucial role in plant stem strength, but whether WRKY transcription factors can positively modulate secondary cell wall thickness are remain unknown. Here, we characterized a WRKY transcription factor PlWRKY41a from herbaceous peony (Paeonia lactiflora), which was highly expressed in stems. PlWRKY41a functioned as a nucleus-localized transcriptional activator and enhanced stem strength by positively modulating secondary cell wall thickness. Moreover, PlWRKY41a bound to the promoter of the XYLOGLUCAN ENDOTRANSGLUCOSYLASE/HYDROLASE4 (PlXTH4) and activated the expression of PlXTH4. PlXTH4-overexpressing tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) had thicker secondary cell walls, resulting in enhanced stem strength, while PlXTH4-silenced P. lactiflora had thinner secondary cell walls, showing decreased stem strength. Additionally, PlWRKY41a directly interacted with PlMYB43 to form a protein complex, and their interaction induced the expression of PlXTH4. These data support that the PlMYB43-PlWRKY41a protein complex can directly activate the expression of PlXTH4 to enhance stem strength by modulating secondary cell wall thickness in P. lactiflora. The results will enhance our understanding of the formation mechanism of stem strength and provide a candidate gene to improve stem straightness in plants.
Memory loss at sleep onset
Authors: Lacaux Célia , Andrillon Thomas , Arnulf Isabelle , Oudiette Delphine 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Every night, we pass through a transitory zone at the borderland between wakefulness and sleep, named the first stage of nonrapid eye movement sleep (N1). N1 sleep is associated with increased hippocampal activity and dream-like experiences that incorporate recent wake materials, suggesting that it may be associated with memory processing. Here, we investigated the specific contribution of N1 sleep in the processing of memory traces. Participants were asked to learn the precise locations of 48 objects on a grid and were then tested on their memory for these items before and after a 30-min rest during which participants either stayed fully awake or transitioned toward N1 or deeper (N2) sleep. We showed that memory recall was lower (10% forgetting) after a resting period, including only N1 sleep compared to N2 sleep. Furthermore, the ratio of alpha/theta power (an electroencephalography marker of the transition toward sleep) correlated negatively with the forgetting rate when taking into account all sleepers (N1 and N2 groups combined), suggesting a physiological index for memory loss that transcends sleep stages. Our findings suggest that interrupting sleep onset at N1 may alter sleep-dependent memory consolidation and promote forgetting.
Epidemiology, etiology and clinical associations of congenital heart disease identified during congenital rubella syndrome surveillance
Authors: Priyanka Priyanka , Vyas Varuna , Deora Surender , Nag Vijaya Lakshmi , Singh Kuldeep 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
Congenital heart disease (CHD) is a common congenital malformation. Antenatal rubella infection in the mother and genetic defects are important causes to which CHD are attributed. Exact contribution of antenatal rubella infection or genetic causes to CHD is still unknown.

Objective
To study the epidemiology, etiology and clinical associations of echocardiographically confirmed congenital heart disease in infants in Western Rajasthan enrolled in the congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) surveillance project. To study the utility of clinical diagnostic criteria in identifying congenital rubella infection.

Method
This was a prospective observational study, in which 251 patients with echocardiographically confirmed CHD were enrolled. Detailed clinical evaluation was done in all patients. Rubella serology was done in all patients. Genetic and other testing was done as appropriate.

Result
The hospital-based prevalence of CHD in infants was 1% at our center. Fifty-seven percent of the babies had acyanotic septal heart defects of which ventricular septal defect (VSD) was the most common (35%). Anti-rubella immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies were positive in 8.5% of the CHD patients. A clinically identifiable genetic cause was present in 3.6% of the cases. In patients who tested positive for anti-rubella IgM antibodies also, VSD was the most common (33%) CHD followed by Tetralogy of Fallot (13.2%).

Conclusion
CRS contributes to 8.5% of CHD. CRS is associated with a wide spectrum of CHD. The etiology of a large number of CHD remains elusive. Detailed studies on the cause and mechanism of development of CHD need to be undertaken.
Comparison of Professional Values Between Sophomore and Senior Nursing Students
Authors: Poreddi Vijayalakshmi , Reddy SaiNikhil , Birudu Raju 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
This cross-sectional comparative survey aimed to determine the level differences of professional nursing values in sophomore and senior nursing students using a demographic form and the Nurses Professional Values Scale-3. The mean score for nursing professional values was significantly higher (p < .001) among senior students (111.02, SD = 15.12) than sophomore students (99.46, SD = 12.56). However, professional values in the professional dimension require improvement. To ensure that future nurses integrate these values into professional practice, nurse educators must teach professional values by adopting innovative approaches
Remote Virtual Simulation With Prelicensure Nursing Students During Rapid Course Transition
Authors: Ward Nicole , deGravelles Pamela , McCormack Leslie , Capps Natalie , Riley Elizabeth 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The advent of COVID-19 required educational programs to rapidly transition courses to the remote environment. A postpartum hemorrhage simulation used within a traditional prelicensure bachelor of science in nursing program was rapidly transitioned to the remote virtual format to meet required social distancing guidelines. This quasi-experimental study examined student knowledge before and after participation in a remote virtual simulation (RVS) with a postanalysis of student confidence and satisfaction. RVS can increase student knowledge and provide adequate student satisfaction. However, hands-on learning appears to result in higher student confidence and satisfaction compared to RVS.
Establishing Reliability of an Instrument Measuring Nursing Student Satisfaction and Self-Confidence in Learning in a Service-Learning Clinical Environment
Authors: Lee Kinzie Jean 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Currently there is no dedicated instrument for measuring nursing students’ beliefs and attitudes about learning clinical skills in the service-learning (SL) environment. The National League for Nursing Student Satisfaction and Self-Confidence in Learning Scale (SCLS) was adapted as an SL assessment and administered to students in their final semester of a prelicensure baccalaureate program. Findings from this psychometric evaluation indicate that the SCLS is a reliable instrument for measuring student self-confidence in learning. Establishment of this tool provides evidence to ensure that judgments made about SL educational practices in clinical nursing courses are beneficial and credible.
Body weight changes and bipolar disorder: a molecular pathway analysis
Authors: Calabró Marco , Briuglia Silvana , Crisafulli Concetta , Drago Antonio 
Published: October 2022

BackgroundThere is evidence suggesting a link between weight-related disorders and bipolar disorder (BD). The pathophysiology of the association includes psychological, social and psychotropic treatment-related variables, together with psychiatric comorbidity. Weight changes during BD may influence compliance to the treatment, quality of life and prognosis, and can modulate risk of death associated with, for example, diabetes or cardiovascular disorders.MethodsThe STEP-BD sample is analyzed through a hypothesis-free molecular pathway analysis in order to detect the molecular pathways that distinguish individuals who experience weight change during BD treatment from those who do not. A total of 618 individuals were available for the analysis, mean age = 41.19 ± 12.58, females = 351 (56.8%). Socioeconomic variables and treatment-related variables were included as clinical covariates. A cluster analysis in the genetic dataset provided the genetic covariate input to the study to avoid stratification factors.ResultAfter applying the quality analysis that is typical for this kind of investigation, no Genome Wide Association Study significant finding was retrieved. Six molecular pathways were found to be significantly associated with weight change during the first 3 months of treatment after correction for multiple testing. Of those, CDC42 (R-HSA-9013148) participates in insulin synthesis and secretion and contributes to the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and Rac Family Small GTPase 1 (R-HSA-9013149) is involved in metabolic regulation of pancreatic islet β-cells and in diabetes pathophysiology.DiscussionPathways that are central in energy homeostasis may play a role to separate individuals with BD that will experience weight changes during treatment from those who will not. If confirmed, such finding can be instrumental in the identification of the correct preventive strategies and most correct treatment to increase compliance and efficacy in the treatment of BD.
Trazodone and Mianserin for Delirium
Authors: Kawano Sayoko , Ide Kentaro , Kodama Keisuke , Kikuchi Yuhei , Sugihara Hiromori , Fujisawa Daisuke , Uchida Hiroyuki , Mimura Masaru , Takeuchi Hiroyoshi 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background
Although antipsychotics are commonly used for delirium, their adverse effects are a serious concern in light of extrapyramidal symptoms and cardiovascular disturbances. In clinical practice, sedative antidepressants are frequently used as an alternative treatment for delirium; however, there is scarce evidence. Thus, we conducted a retrospective chart review to examine the use and effectiveness of trazodone and mianserin for delirium.

Methods
Patients who were admitted to a university hospital during 4 years and received either trazodone or mianserin on a regular schedule as monotherapy for the treatment of delirium were included. The rates of and times to the improvement of delirium were compared.

Results
Among 3971 patients who developed delirium, 379 (9.5%) and 341 (8.6%) patients received trazodone and mianserin on a regular schedule; 52 and 46 patients met the eligibility criteria (ie, monotherapy) for trazodone and mianserin, respectively. The percentages of patients 65 years or older were 86.5% (n = 45) for trazodone and 89.1% (n = 41) for mianserin. The rates of the improvement of delirium were 63.5% for trazodone and 50.0% for mianserin. Times to the improvement of delirium were 5.3 days (95% confidence interval, 3.2–7.4 days) for trazodone and 9.3 days (95% confidence interval, 5.3–13.3 days) for mianserin. There were no significant differences in the primary outcomes between the 2 groups (P = 0.17 and P = 0.13, respectively).

Conclusion
Considering potentially serious, sometimes lethal, adverse effects of antipsychotics, sedative antidepressants such as trazodone and mianserin may be a treatment option for delirium, especially in the elderly.
Factors Associated With Anal High-Grade Intraepithelial Lesions and Carcinoma Among Young Men Who Have Sex With Men and Transgender Women With HIV in Atlanta
Authors: Loerinc Leah B. , Scheel Amy M. , Thompson Amelia B. , Wall Kristin M. , Gillespie Scott E. , McCallum Molly E. , Flowers Lisa , Camacho-Gonzalez Andres F. 
Published: October 2022

Objective
This study aimed to evaluate factors associated with anal high-grade intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) and anal carcinoma among young men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women (TW) with HIV in Atlanta, GA, to better inform screening guidelines and preventative measures.

Materials and Methods
Cross-sectional retrospective chart review was completed for cisgender MSM and TW with HIV aged 13–25 years at the Grady Ponce and Family Youth Clinic in Atlanta, GA, from 2009 to 2020. High-grade anal disease was defined as anal intraepithelial neoplasia (AIN) 2, 3, or anal carcinoma (AIN 2+). Associations between clinical and demographic factors with AIN 2+ were estimated using logistic regression. Adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and associated 90% CIs are reported.

Results
One hundred nine MSM and TW with HIV who underwent anoscopy were included. One hundred three participants received anal biopsies, and 62% had AIN 2+. Being incompletely or unvaccinated against human papillomavirus (HPV, 0–2 doses) relative to being fully vaccinated (3 doses; aOR = 5.85; 90% CI = 1.28–26.83; p = .06) and having ever received surgical treatment for anogenital HPV (aOR = 2.89; 90% CI = 1.10–7.65; p = .07) were associated with AIN 2+, controlling for age and CD4 T-cell count at time of biopsy.

Conclusions
Our study found a high prevalence of anal HSIL among young MSM and TW with HIV. Those who had ever received surgical treatment for anogenital HPV and those who were incompletely or unvaccinated against HPV were more likely to have HSIL. Our data emphasize the urgent need to improve HPV vaccination efforts and to pursue larger surveillance studies of anal HSIL and carcinoma among young MSM and TW with HIV.