bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A nomogram for predicting the overall survival in non-small cell lung cancer patients with liver metastasis
Authors: Xu Tian , Liu Chaoyuan , Liu Xianling , Chen Zui , Ma Fang , Fan Dan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Liver metastasis (LM) is correlated with dismal prognosis for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, which remains a clinical concern. Here, we developed a practical model for predicting the clinical survival of these patients by using the cases from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. In total, 2367 NSCLC patients with liver metastasis were recruited to establish the nomogram. Sex, age, race, grade, T stage, bone metastasis, brain metastasis, surgical resection, and chemotherapy were identified as independent predictors. By incorporating all these variables, the nomogram showed a robust discrimination with a concordance index (C-index) of 0.700 (95% CI 0.684–0.716) for the training dataset and 0.677 (95%CI 0.653–0.701) for the validation dataset. Excellent agreements between the predicted and observed overall survival were exhibited by calibration plots. Moreover, the decision curve analysis (DCA) and the risk classification system revealed favorable clinical applicability of the nomogram. This is the first study to build the prediction model focusing on the overall survival of NSCLC patients with LM. It provides a potential tool to promote personalized treatment strategies and guide future studies.
Cxcr4 regulates a pool of adipocyte progenitors to maintain adiposity in a sex-dependent manner
Authors: Steiner Benjamin , Benvie Abigail , Lee Derek , Jiang Yuwei , Berry Daniel 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

The sex-dependent distribution of mammalian white adipose tissue (WAT) drives the development of obesity and its associated metabolic diseases. Here, we identify Cxcr4 acting in a sexual dimorphic manner to control a pool of proliferating adipocyte progenitor cells (APCs) to direct female fat mass. We find that deleting Cxcr4 within the adipose lineage results in female, not male, lipodystrophy, which cannot be restored by high-fat diet consumption. We also show that Cxcr4 deletion causes an APC lineage shift at the expense of extinguishing a pool of proliferating APCs within female WATs. Changes within the APC lineage are accompanied by the upregulation of estrogen receptor (ER) alpha, promoting estradiol hypersensitivity, and effectively stalling adipogenesis. Estrogen removal or administration of antiestrogens restores WAT expansion and accumulation in Cxcr4-deficient mice and APCs. These findings implicate Cxcr4 as an adipogenic rheostat of female APCs, which may have implications for new therapeutic strategies to target female adiposity.
Isotopic evidence for an intensified hydrological cycle in the Indian sector of the Southern Ocean
Authors: Akhoudas Camille Hayatte , Sallée Jean-Baptiste , Reverdin Gilles , Haumann F. Alexander , Pauthenet Etienne , Chapman Christopher , Margirier Félix , Monaco Claire Lo , Metzl Nicolas , Meilland Julie , Stranne Christian 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The hydrological cycle is expected to intensify in a warming climate. However, observational evidence of such changes in the Southern Ocean is difficult to obtain due to sparse measurements and a complex superposition of changes in precipitation, sea ice, and glacial meltwater. We here disentangle these signals using a unique dataset of salinity and seawater oxygen isotope observations collected in the Indian sector of the Southern Ocean. Our results show that the atmospheric water cycle has intensified in this region between 1993 and 2021, increasing the salinity in subtropical surface waters by 0.07 g kg-1 per decade, and decreasing it in subpolar surface waters by -0.028 g kg-1 per decade. In the subpolar region, this salinity decrease is countered by a salinity increase of 0.008 g kg-1 per decade from reduced sea ice melt, and enhanced by a salinity decrease of -0.005 g kg-1 per decade from increased glacial melt. These changes extend the growing evidence for an acceleration of the atmospheric water cycle and a melting cryosphere that can be expected from global warming.
Saussurea costus phenolic extract as a novel material with gum arabic and chitosan for enhancement of shelf life and tomato quality during the cold storage process
Authors: El-Kholy Mohamed , Kamel Reham , Abdin Mohamed , fadly Enas El , Salama Mohamed Abdelbaset , Saleh Mohamed 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In this study, aqueous solutions of gum arabic (G) and chitosan (CH) with Saussurea costus extract (SCE) were used as a novel edible coating for tomato surface during the storage process at 4°C. The stored tomatoes were evaluated in terms of physicochemical quality and antioxidant properties during storage (15 days). Coating revealed considerable variations between fruits which appeared in delaying ripening factors that were characterized by a reduction in weight loss (WL) and changes in total soluble solids (TSS), titratable acidity (TA), ascorbic acid content (AAC), and firmness (FM) compared to uncoated fruits. Also, the total phenolic content (TPC) of coated samples was higher than the uncoated ones during the storage period. Using SCE in the edible coating of tomatoes showed a significant delay in WL, TPC, TA, TSS and AAC compared to uncoated tomatoes during storage period at 4°C.
Conservative Antibiotic Treatment of Pediatric Uncomplicated Appendicitis During Covid-19 Pandemic– a Case Control Study
Authors: Tan Audrey Poh Poh , Yap Te-Lu , Cheong Yee Ling , Rai Rambha , Choo Candy , Ong Caroline , Low Yee , Jacobsen Anette , Loh Amos , Ong Lin Yin , Chen Yong 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Our study aimed to compare the clinical outcomes and cost-efficiency of antibiotic management versus laparoscopic appendectomy for acute uncomplicated appendicitis (AUA) in children during the COVID-19 pandemic when resources were limited and transmission risks uncertain.
Method
In this prospective case-control study between Apr 2020 to Jan 2022, we analyzed the data of 139 children diagnosed with AUA meeting the following inclusion criteria: symptoms duration of ≤48 hours, appendix diameter ≤11 mm and no appendicolith. 78/139 cases were treated with antibiotics while 61 matched controls underwent upfront laparoscopic appendectomy. Antibiotic regimes were intravenous Ceftriaxone/Metronidazole or Amoxicillin/Clavulanic acid for 48 hours, followed by oral antibiotics to complete total 10-days course.
Results
8/78 (10.3%) children had early failure (within 48hours) requiring appendectomy. 17/78 patients (21.8%) experienced late recurrence within mean follow-up time of 16.2±4.7 months. There were no statistical differences in peri-operative complications, negative appendicectomy rate, incidence of perforation and hospitalization duration between antibiotic and surgical treatment groups. Cost per patient in upfront surgical group was significantly higher ($6208.5±5284.0) than antibiotic group ($3588.6±3829.8; p = 0.001).
Conclusion
Despite 21.9% risk of recurrence of appendicitis in 16.2±4.7 months, antibiotic therapy for AUA appears to be a safe and cost-effective alternative to upfront appendectomy.
U(1) dynamics in neuronal activities
Authors: Lin Chia-Ying , Chen Ping-Han , Lin Hsiu-Hau , Huang Wen-Min 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Neurons convert the external stimuli into action potentials, or spikes, and encode the contained information into the biological nerve system. Despite the complexity of neurons and the synaptic interactions in between, the rate models are often adapted to describe neural encoding with modest success. However, it is not clear whether the firing rate, the reciprocal of the time interval between spikes, is sufficient to capture the essential feature for the neuronal dynamics. Going beyond the usual relaxation dynamics in Ginzburg-Landau theory for statistical systems, we propose the neural activities can be captured by the U(1) dynamics, integrating the action potential and the “phase” of the neuron together. The gain function of the Hodgkin-Huxley neuron and the corresponding dynamical phase transitions can be described within the U(1) neuron framework. In addition, the phase dependence of the synaptic interactions is illustrated and the mapping to the Kinouchi-Copelli neuron is established. It suggests that the U(1) neuron is the minimal model for single-neuron activities and serves as the building block of the neuronal network for information processing.
Ginger extracted oil as an alternative for the emulsion to prepare chitosan microspheres for urea controlled release fertilizer
Authors: Faqir Yahya , Chai Yunlong , Wu Sanmei , Luo Tong , Liao Shiyu , Li Linqiu , Kalhoro Mohammad Talib , Tan Chengjia , Umer Niaz , Qambrani Jahansher , Ma Jiahua 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The study aimed to evaluate the potential of ginger essential oil in urea loading efficacy to prepare the controlled release chitosan microspheres. The ginger oil was extracted by applying the Clevenger apparatus for hydro-distillation, and the chemical composition was characterized by using FT-IR. The chitosan microspheres and urea loaded were formulated through modified emulsification and followed cross-linking procedure. Response surface test was used to evaluate various factors and levels related to preparation of microspheres. The nitrogen content, yield were observed in the present study. Furthermore, SEM and FT-IR were applied to characterize the microspheres. The results showed that the yield of the ginger oil was 6.0% and citral was observed as the most enriched compound, 89.05% in oil. Response surface analysis showed that the optimum preparation conditions were as follows: 2.094% of Span-80, 2.302% of acetic acid, and the crosslinking agent ratio of formaldehyde to glutaraldehyde was 1:8.148. Under these conditions, the theoretical value of nitrogen content of urea-loaded chitosan microspheres was 4.683%. The FT-IR results proved the authenticity of ginger oil, chitosan microspheres, and urea-loaded microspheres. The morphology of the microspheres was better in lower oil concentrations. The release test showed urea diffused uniformly in the microspheres after 48 hours. It is concluded that controlled release fertilizers can be formulated using ginger oil.
Multiple Site Decontamination in ICU patients: a real life pre/post study
Authors: MASSART Nicolas , DUPIN Clarisse , LEGRIS Eleonore , Fedun Yannick , BARBAROT Nicolas , LEGAY Francois , WATTECAMPS Guilhem , COMBE Florence LA , COMBE Béatrice LA , BOUJU Pierre , FREROU Aurélien , Muller Laura , RIEUL Guillaume , FILLÂTRE Pierre 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Decontamination regimen decreases acquired infection (AI) incidence but remains controversial, mostly because it contained a course of intravenous antibiotic. Multiple site decontamination (MSD), that do not included systemic antibiotics, has been less studied but is associated with lower risk of ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP), bloodstream infection (BSI) and multidrug resistant micro-organisms (MDRO) acquisition. We aimed to confirm these favorable outcomes. Methods: A prospective pre/post-observational study was conducted in 5 ICUs in western France. Among them, 4 implemented MSD whereas the last one applied standard care (SC) during all study period. Patients who required intubation were eligible for study and divided into two groups: MSD group if they were admitted in an ICU that already implemented MSD and SC group otherwise. Primary objective was AI incidence. Results: 1346 patients were available for analysis (334 in the MSD and 1012 patients in the SC group). In a multivariable Poisson regression model, MSD was independently associated with a decreased incidence of AI (IRR = 0.33; 95%CI [0.18-0.60] p<0.001). A non-parsimonious propensity-score matching resulted in 334 patient-pairs with well-balanced baseline characteristics. There were a lower incidence of AI (6.3% vs 20.7% p<0.001), VAP (3.6% vs 16.2% p <0.001) and BSI (3.0% vs 7.2% p = 0.029) in the MSD group as compared with the SC group. Five patients (1.5%) and 11 (3.3%) acquired a MDRO respectively (p=0.206).Conclusion: MSD is associated with a decrease risk of AI, VAP and BSI with no increase in MDRO acquisition.
Research on the protection and development of traditional villages under a combination of culture and tourism
Authors: Li Jianjing , Dai Zhijian 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
traditional Chinese villages have high historical, cultural, scientific, artistic, and economic values. This paper explores the characteristics and value of the village through in-depth research on the traditional village of Huotong Town, Fujian Province. It puts forward the specific content and strategy of protection. The protection and renewal strategy aims to better protect and inherit rural historical and cultural heritage and promote the sustainable development of traditional villages. In the context of the combination of culture and tourism, while protecting the cultural heritage of traditional villages, the tourism industry development plan is proposed so that the cultural industry and the tourism industry can integrate and penetrate each other, form a new development model, realize the optimization and upgrading of the two industries, and then better To protect the characteristics of traditional villages and inherit traditional village culture.
Phylogeny analysis of Pakistani SARS-CoV2 strains and screening of a list of natural compounds as the antiviral targets for viral M pro protein
Authors: Javaid Anum , Mahmood Malik Siddique , Batool Hina , Batool Sana , Ali Muhammad , Hamid Arslan , Khan Azmat Ullah , Saleem Mahjabeen , Ashraf Naeem Mahmood , Ahmed Sagheer , Irshad Asma , Maccee Fatima 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The outbreak of COVID-19 has become a global health concern. The vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 are unable to barricade the reinfection in fully vaccinated individuals. Considering this dilemma, the recent research strategies are focused on the new candidates having antiviral potential with significant and consistent efficacies as well as the least side effects. In this study, we have screened plant-derived phytochemicals, antiviral compounds from PubChem, and natural compounds from the Hamdard products for identification of antiviral therapeutics against Spike (S) glycoprotein and main protease (Mpro) of SARS-CoV-2. All these compounds were screened based on their binding affinities as predicted by molecular docking analysis and compounds having binding affinity values ≤ -10 kcal/mol were considered for analysis. Furthermore, from physicochemical assessment, drug-likeness initially nine compounds were identified as the antiviral targets for the selected viral proteins. Finally, after ADMET analysis and MD simulations, the compound 9064 with the lowest Root Mean Square Deviations (RMSD), Coul-SR interaction energy (-71.53 kJ/mol), and LJ-SR energy (-95.32 kJ/mol) was selected as the most stable drug candidate against COVID-19 main protease Mpro. The selected antiviral compound 9064 is an antioxidant flavonoid (Catechin or Cianidanol), which is previously known to have significant immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties.
Recovery from COVID-19 related olfactory and gustatory dysfunction following omicron BA.1 subvariant infection: a six-month prospective study
Authors: Boscolo-Rizzo Paolo , Tirelli Giancarlo , Meloni Pierluigi , Hopkins Claire , Lechien Jerome R. , Madeddu Giordano , Cancellieri Emilia , Lazzarin Chiara , Borsetto Daniele , De Vito Andrea , De Riu Giacomo , Vaira Luigi Angelo 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
PurposeThe aim of the present study was to estimate the prevalence and the recovery rate of self-reported chemosensory dysfunction 6-month after SARS-CoV-2 infection acquired during the predominance of the Omicron BA.1 subvariant.MethodsProspective study based on the sino-nasal outcome tool 22 (SNOT-22), item "sense of smell or taste" and additional outcomes. Results. Of 338 patients with mild-to-moderate COVID-19 completing the baseline survey, 294 (87.0%) responded to the 6-month follow-up interview. Among them, 101 (34.4 %) and 4 (1.4 %) reported an altered sense of smell or taste at baseline and at 6 months, respectively. Among the 101 patients with COVID-19-associated smell or taste dysfunction during the acute phase of the disease, 97 (96.0%) reported complete resolution at 6 months. The duration of smell or taste impairment was significantly shorter in vaccinated patients (p=0.007).ConclusionsCompared with that observed in subjects infected during the first wave of the pandemic, the recovery rate from chemosensory dysfunctions reported in the present series of patients infected during the predominance of the Omicron BA.1 subvariant was more favourable with a shorter duration being positively influenced by vaccination.
Linking viscosity to equations of state using residual entropy scaling theory
Authors: Yang Xiaoxian , Xiao Xiong , Thol Monika , Richter Markus , Bell Ian H. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
In our previous work (J. Chem. Eng. Data 2021, 66, 3, 1385–1398), a residual entropy scaling (RES) approach was developed to link viscosity to residual entropy (a thermodynamic property calculated with an equation of state, EoS) using a simple polynomial equation for refrigerants. Here, we present an extension of this approach to a much wider range of fluids: all pure fluids and their mixtures whose reference EoS and experimental viscosity data are available. A total of 84877 experimental points for 124 pure fluids and 351 mixtures are collected from 1846 references. The investigated pure fluids contain a wide variety of fluids from light gases with quantum effects at low temperatures to dense fluids and fluids with strong intermolecular association. More than 68.2% (corresponding to the standard deviation) of the evaluated experimental data agree with the RES model within 3.2% and 8.0% for pure fluids and mixtures, respectively. Compared to the recommended models implemented in the REFPROP 10.0 software (the state-of-the-art for thermophysical property calculation), if the dilute gas viscosity is calculated in the same way, our RES approach yields similar statistical agreement with the experimental data while having a much simpler formulation and fewer parameters. To use our RES model, a software package written in Python is provided in the supporting information.
Exploring the Relationship Between the Flow of Visual Representations of Ideas and Designers’ Creativity
Authors: Isa Siti Salwa , Liem Andre , Steinert Martin , Jamaludin Nor Lelawati 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This study aims to explore how do prototypes, sketches and CAD models supported designers during the early idea, idea development and finalization stages in the engineering design process flow. Using mixed-methods study, designer´s roles and contributions were evaluated with respect to the achieved design quality. 81 Professional industrial designers were observed and interviewed after participating in five workshop sessions. After exploring different permutations of sketching, prototyping and CAD modelling, results indicate that starting with “Prototyping” in the early idea stage contributed significantly to more ideas of higher quality, broadening the ideation space. Using CAD-modelling too early in the engineering design process constrain ideation and prematurely limit solution spaces.
Factors associated with prolonged viral shedding in older patients infected with Omicron BA.2.2
Authors: Zhong Weijie Zhong , Yang Xiaosheng , Jiang Xiufeng , Duan Zhixin , Wang Wei , Sun Zhaoliang , Chen Wanghao , Zhang Wenchuan , Xu Jie , Yuan Xiaoling , Cheng Juan , Li Yi 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
To explore the risk factors associated with the viral shedding time in the elder Chinese patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 omicron.
Methods
Participants infected with SARS-CoV-2 omicron were enrolled in a retrospective study, and divided into two groups according to the shedding time of omicron [≥ 10 days, "late clearance group" and < 10 days, "early clearance group"].
Results
180 patients were enrolled in the study (88 early, 92 late), with a median time of viral shedding was 10 days and a mean age of 77.02 years. When comparing patients between either group, prolonged SARS-CoV-2 omicron shedding was associated with old age (P = 0.007), unvaccinated (P = 0.001), delayed admission to hospital after illness onset (P = 0.001), D-dimer (P = 0.003) and methylprednisolone treatment (P = 0.048). In the multivariable analysis, vaccinated [OR], 0.319 [95% CI, 0.130–0.786], P = 0.013), paxlovid (OR, 0.259 [95% CI, 0.104–0.643], P = 0.004), and time from onset to admission (OR, 1.802 [95% CI, 1.391–2.355], P = 0.000) were significantly associated with viral clearance.
Conclusions
The older age, methylprednisolone therapy, and D-dimer were associated with prolonged duration of omicron viral shedding. The time from onset to hospitalization, unused paxlovid and unvaccinated were independent risk factors in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 omicron.
Ureteroscopic laser lithotripsy without fluoroscopy, a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Tsang Chiu Fung , Mak Martin Siu Yip , Wong Albert Ho Gan , Wong Charles Ka Wai , Fung Victor Nicholas Cheuk Kay , Chun Tsun Tsun , Lai Terence Chun Ting , Lam Wayne , Ho Brian Sze Ho , Ng Ada Tsui Lin , Tsu James Hok Leung 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
BackgroundFluoroscopy has traditionally played an integral role in ureteroscopic lithotripsy in management of ureteral stones. However, with the growing awareness of the hazardous effects of radiation associated with fluoroscopy, some advocated use of fluoroless techniques. This study aims to determine the feasibility and radiation reduction in fluoroless ureteroscopic lithotripsy in ureteral stone at any level. Operative outcomes and complications are compared with conventional ureteroscopic lithotripsy with fluoroscopy.Patients and methodsFor this single centre, single blind, prospective randomised controlled trial, we recruited 60 patients with unilateral ureteral stones undergoing ureteroscopic lithotripsy from January 2017 to May 2018. Patients were randomly assigned to fluoroless ureteroscopic lithotripsy group or conventional ureteroscopic lithotripsy group in a 1:1 ratio using a random number generator. The primary outcomes were radiation dosage and fluoroscopy time. Secondary outcomes were endoscopic clearance rate, stone free rate, operative time and complication rate. ResultsRadiation exposure in fluoroless ureteroscopic lithotripsy group was significantly lower than the conventional ureteroscopic lithotripsy group from 5.50 +/- 6.14 mGy in conventional group to 0.12 +/- 0.65 mGy in fluroless group (p=.000). Fluoroscopy time was reduced from 40.3 +/- 43.1 second in conventional group to 0.9 +/- 4.9 seconds (p=.000) in fluroless group. No significant difference in surgical outcome were noticed between the two groups.ConclusionsFluoroless ureteroscopic lithotripsy is a safe and feasible alternative to replace conventional ureteroscopic lithotripsy with fluoroscopy in management of ureteral stones with uncomplicated anatomy by experienced hands.