bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Semantic Relevance
Authors: Haifani Fajar , Weidenbach Christoph 
Published: August 2022

AbstractA clause C is syntactically relevant in some clause set N, if it occurs in every refutation of N. A clause C is syntactically semi-relevant, if it occurs in some refutation of N. While syntactic relevance coincides with satisfiability (if C is syntactically relevant then $$N\setminus \{C\}$$

N
\
{
C
}

is satisfiable), the semantic counterpart for syntactic semi-relevance was not known so far. Using the new notion of a conflict literal we show that for independent clause sets N a clause C is syntactically semi-relevant in the clause set N if and only if it adds to the number of conflict literals in N. A clause set is independent, if no clause out of the clause set is the consequence of different clauses from the clause set.Furthermore, we relate the notion of relevance to that of a minimally unsatisfiable subset (MUS) of some independent clause set N. In propositional logic, a clause C is relevant if it occurs in all MUSes of some clause set N and semi-relevant if it occurs in some MUS. For first-order logic the characterization needs to be refined with respect to ground instances of N and C.
Term Orderings for Non-reachability of (Conditional) Rewriting
Authors: Yamada Akihisa 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe propose generalizations of reduction pairs, well-established techniques for proving termination of term rewriting, in order to prove unsatisfiability of reachability (infeasibility) in plain and conditional term rewriting. We adapt the weighted path order, a merger of the Knuth–Bendix order and the lexicographic path order, into the proposed framework. The proposed approach is implemented in the termination prover , and the strength of our approach is demonstrated through examples and experiments.
Actions over Core-Closed Knowledge Bases
Authors: Cauli Claudia , Ortiz Magdalena , Piterman Nir 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe present new results on the application of semantic- and knowledge-based reasoning techniques to the analysis of cloud deployments. In particular, to the security of Infrastructure as Code configuration files, encoded as description logic knowledge bases. We introduce an action language to model mutating actions; that is, actions that change the structural configuration of a given deployment by adding, modifying, or deleting resources. We mainly focus on two problems: the problem of determining whether the execution of an action, no matter the parameters passed to it, will not cause the violation of some security requirement (static verification), and the problem of finding sequences of actions that would lead the deployment to a state where (un)desirable properties are (not) satisfied (plan existence and plan synthesis). For all these problems, we provide definitions, complexity results, and decision procedures.
Hypergraph-Based Inference Rules for Computing $$\mathcal{EL}\mathcal{}^+$$-Ontology Justifications
Authors: Yang Hui , Ma Yue , Bidoit Nicole 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTo give concise explanations for a conclusion obtained by reasoning over ontologies, justifications have been proposed as minimal subsets of an ontology that entail the given conclusion. Even though computing one justification can be done in polynomial time for tractable Description Logics such as $$\mathcal{EL}\mathcal{}^+$$

EL

+

, computing all justifications is complicated and often challenging for real-world ontologies. In this paper, based on a graph representation of $$\mathcal{EL}\mathcal{}^+$$

EL

+

-ontologies, we propose a new set of inference rules (called H-rules) and take advantage of them for providing a new method of computing all justifications for a given conclusion. The advantage of our setting is that most of the time, it reduces the number of inferences (generated by H-rules) required to derive a given conclusion. This accelerates the enumeration of justifications relying on these inferences. We validate our approach by running real-world ontology experiments. Our graph-based approach outperforms PULi [14], the state-of-the-art algorithm, in most of cases.
Sequent Calculi for Choice Logics
Authors: Bernreiter Michael , Lolic Anela , Maly Jan , Woltran Stefan 
Published: August 2022

AbstractChoice logics constitute a family of propositional logics and are used for the representation of preferences, with especiallyqualitative choice logic(QCL) being an established formalism with numerous applications in artificial intelligence. While computational properties and applications of choice logics have been studied in the literature, only few results are known about the proof-theoretic aspects of their use. We propose a sound and complete sequent calculus for preferred model entailment in QCL, where a formula Fis entailed by a QCL-theory Tif Fis true in all preferred models of T. The calculus is based on labeled sequent and refutation calculi, and can be easily adapted for different purposes. For instance, using the calculus as a cornerstone, calculi for other choice logics such asconjunctive choice logic(CCL) can be obtained in a straightforward way.
Synthetic Tableaux: Minimal Tableau Search Heuristics
Authors: Sochański Michał , Leszczyńska-Jasion Dorota , Chlebowski Szymon , Tomczyk Agata , Jukiewicz Marcin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe discuss the results of our work on heuristics for generating minimal synthetic tableaux. We present this proof method for classical propositional logic and its implementation in Haskell. Based on mathematical insights and exploratory data analysis we define heuristics that allows building a tableau of optimal or nearly optimal size. The proposed heuristics has been first tested on a data set with over 200,000 short formulas (length 12), then on 900 formulas of length 23. We describe the results of data analysis and examine some tendencies. We also confront our approach with the pigeonhole principle.
Decision Problems in a Logic for Reasoning About Reconfigurable Distributed Systems
Authors: Bozga Marius , Bueri Lucas , Iosif Radu 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe consider a logic used to describe sets of configurations of distributed systems, whose network topologies can be changed at runtime, by reconfiguration programs. The logic uses inductive definitions to describe networks with an unbounded number of components and interactions, written using a multiplicative conjunction, reminiscent of Bunched Implications [37] and Separation Logic [39]. We study the complexity of the satisfiability and entailment problems for the configuration logic under consideration. Additionally, we consider the robustness property of degree boundedness (is every component involved in a bounded number of interactions?), an ingredient for decidability of entailments.
Clause Redundancy and Preprocessing in Maximum Satisfiability
Authors: Ihalainen Hannes , Berg Jeremias , Järvisalo Matti 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe study of clause redundancy in Boolean satisfiability (SAT) has proven significant in various terms, from fundamental insights into preprocessing and inprocessing to the development of practical proof checkers and new types of strong proof systems. We study liftings of the recently-proposed notion of propagation redundancy—based on a semantic implication relationship between formulas—in the context of maximum satisfiability (MaxSAT), where of interest are reasoning techniques that preserve optimal cost (in contrast to preserving satisfiability in the realm of SAT). We establish that the strongest MaxSAT-lifting of propagation redundancy allows for changing in a controlled way the set of minimal correction sets in MaxSAT. This ability is key in succinctly expressing MaxSAT reasoning techniques and allows for obtaining correctness proofs in a uniform way for MaxSAT reasoning techniques very generally. Bridging theory to practice, we also provide a new MaxSAT preprocessor incorporating such extended techniques, and show through experiments its wide applicability in improving the performance of modern MaxSAT solvers.
Lebensphase Übergang in den Ruhestand mit IKT
Authors: Schiff Sonja 
Published: August 2022

AbstractMit dem Projekt Fit4AAL wurde ein Bewegungsprogramm entwickelt, mit dem Ziel Menschen jenseits der 60 bei einem gesunden und aktiven Älterwerden zu unterstützen. Konkret richtete sich das Projekt an Menschen am Übergang in den Ruhestand. Im nachfolgenden Artikel wird deshalb der Pensionsantritt als das Leben verändernde Ereignis dargestellt, wie die Themen Gesundheit und IKT. Außerdem wird die Rolle der gerontologischen Expertise im Projekt erörtert.
„Fit-mit-ILSE“ für Senior*innen: User-Centred Design Prozess und Prototyp des Active and Assisted Living Systems
Authors: Schneider Cornelia , Venek Verena , Rieser Harald , Jungreitmayr Sonja , Trukeschitz Birgit 
Published: August 2022

ZusammenfassungFitness-Apps gibt es viele. Auf die Bedürfnisse älterer Menschen sind nur wenige zugeschnitten. Dieser Beitrag stellt den Innovationsprozess vor, der die Entwicklung des app-basierten Bewegungsprogramms für älterer Menschen „Fit-mit-ILSE“ geleitet hat. Von der Idee bis zum Prototyp werden jene Schritte beschrieben, die zu richtungsweisenden Impulsen durch potenzielle Nutzer*innen für die Entwicklung von „Fit-mit-ILSE“ führten.
ILSE bewegt? Eine IKT-gestützte Bewegungsintervention für 60+
Authors: Ring-Dimitriou Susanne , Pühringer Martin 
Published: August 2022

ZusammenfassungUm dasaktive Alterndurch Bewegung und Sport zu unterstützen, stehen heute zahlreiche Fitness-Apps und Wearables (z. B.: Aktivitätstracker) zur Verfügung. Wissenschaftlich betrachtet ist der Nachweis nicht eindeutig erbracht, ob diese Anwendungen das Bewegungsverhalten verbessern können.Mit dem Projekt Fit-mit-ILSE sind wir dieser Frage bei Personen im Alter von 60 bis 75 Jahren nachgegangen. Es zeigte sich, dass die einer Testgruppe über 14 Wochen zur Verfügung gestellte ILSE-App zu einem signifikanten Bewegungsanstieg gegenüber einer Kontrollgruppe geführt hatte. Der Effekt war mittelstark ausgeprägt, da die App nicht von allen in der TG genutzt wurde. Die tatsächliche Nutzung zu erhöhen bleibt eine Herausforderung für die IKT-basierte Gesundheitsförderung und für die Forschung.
Die Bedeutung von eHealth-Dienstleistungen in dünnbesiedelten Regionen für die Sicherung von Lebenszufriedenheit im Alter. Ein Beispiel aus Nordschweden
Authors: Koch Andreas 
Published: August 2022

ZusammenfassungDünnbesiedelte Regionen stehen vor der Herausforderung, ihre soziale Infrastruktur nachhaltig aufrechtzuerhalten. Dies gilt insbesondere für die Versorgung mit Gesundheitsdienstleistungen. Der Beitrag skizziert diese Herausforderungen am Beispiel des Krankenhauses in Storuman, Provinz Västerbotten, anhand der Errichtung von Virtual Health Rooms in kleinen Ortschaften.
Media Usage Behaviors of Learners in ODDE
Authors: Bong Ji Yae , Liu Zhichun 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn the digital era and with the prevalence of media usage in open, distance, and digital education, learners increasingly use media to facilitate their learning in various ways. Media usage in today’s learning environment ranges from watching a video or listening to a podcast to annotating a digital book collaboratively or sharing thoughts on Twitter. Learners demonstrate diverse media usage behaviors under different settings for different purposes. The goal of this chapter is to provide a comprehensive overview of learners’ media usage in open, distance, and digital education settings. In this chapter, the authors first review the development of media usage in open, distance, and digital education, as well as learner media usage behavior as a research-agenda shift from a contemporary research and practice perspective. Next, the diverse learner typologies regarding media usage behaviors, as well as research on learner media usage and its implications, are discussed. The chapter concludes with an outlook on media usage in open, distance, and digital education and research directions in the near future. Understanding learners’ media usage will guide research on how to promote learning with the facilitation of media and provide insights into the design and development of future open, distance, and digital education.
Zeros and approximations of Holant polynomials on the complex plane
Authors: Casel Katrin , Fischbeck Philipp , Friedrich Tobias , Göbel Andreas , Lagodzinski J. A. Gregor 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWe present fully polynomial time approximation schemes
for a broad class of Holant problems with complex edge weights, which
we call Holant polynomials. We transform these problems into partition
functions of abstract combinatorial structures known as polymers
in statistical physics. Our method involves establishing zero-free regions
for the partition functions of polymer models and using the most
significant terms of the cluster expansion to approximate them.
Results of our technique include new approximation and sampling algorithms
for a diverse class of Holant polynomials in the low-temperature
regime (i.e. small external field) and approximation algorithms for general
Holant problems with small signature weights. Additionally, we
give randomised approximation and sampling algorithms with faster
running times for more restrictive classes. Finally, we improve the
known zero-free regions for a perfect matching polynomial.
Proximale Varisationsosteotomie des Femurs beim Morbus Perthes
Authors: Krátký Adam , Kraus Manuel Johannes , Krieg Andreas H. 
Published: August 2022

Zusammenfassung
Operationsziel
Die proximale femorale Varisationsosteotomie (PVO) ist eine chirurgische Technik zur Rezentrierung des Hüftkopfes, sofern es bspw. im Rahmen der ablaufenden Legg-Calvé-Perthes(LCPD)-Krankheit zur Subluxation gekommen ist.

Indikationen
Bis anhin existieren keine einheitlichen Indikationskriterien für die Containment-Therapie bei LCPD-Patienten. Einzelne, für die Deformitätsentwicklung prädiktive radiologische Faktoren, Alter bei Diagnosestellung oder Symptombeginn und Klassifikationen, welche die Pathomorphologie des Femurkopfes bezogen auf die Nekrose beschreiben, können die Indikationsstellung erleichtern.

Kontraindikationen
Die absolute Kontraindikation stellt die Entwicklung eines Scharniergelenkes dar (Hinge-Abduktion). Bleibt der Femurkopf in einer Abduktionsröntgenaufnahme von 20° auch in Abwesenheit einer Hinge-Abduktion dezentriert oder besteht ein Total-Kopf-Befall, ergibt sich ebenfalls eine Kontraindikation. Relativ kontraindiziert ist die PVO bei Kindern mit Beginn der Erkrankung < 6 Jahren, in der Lateral-Pillar-Klassifikation Gruppe A soiwe bei I und II nach Catterall.

Operationstechnik
Lateraler Standardzugang zum proximalen Femur. Platzieren des Anteversions-K-Drahtes ventral des Schenkelhalses. Weitere K-Drähte werden parallel mithilfe von Positionierinstrumenten in den Schenkelhals eingebracht. Der optimale Bereich für die Osteotomie wird aufgesucht. Für die Vereinfachung der Manipulation des distalen Fragments und als Referenz für die Derotation werden am Femurschaft weitere K‑Drähte eingebracht. Nach Femurosteotomie erfolgt proximales Fixieren der Platte durch sukzessives Auswechseln der K‑Drähte gegen winkelstabile Schrauben. Die interfragmentäre Kompression erzeugt eine exzentrisch positionierte Kortikalisschraube im mittleren distalen Plattenloch. Die weitere distale Fixation der Platte erfolgt mit winkelstabilen Schrauben. Auswechseln der Kortikalisschraube gegen eine weitere winkelstabile Schraube. Alternativ zur hier beschriebenen winkelstabilen Technik wurde früher meist mittels Winkelplatte korrigiert.

Weiterbehandlung
Mobilisation unter Abrollbelastung an 2 Gehstöcken über 6 Wochen. Röntgenkontrolle und bei genügender Knochenkonsolidation Steigerung der Belastung. Implantatentfernung nach 9 bis 12 Monaten. Rückkehr zum Sport ab 3 Monaten.

Ergebnisse
Die PVO ist eine in der Behandlung von LCPD nahezu seit 60 Jahren angewendete und weltweit etablierte chirurgische Technik. Durch ein stetig wachsendes Verständnis der Grunderkrankung wird einerseits die Indikationsstellung für operative Interventionen optimiert. Andererseits tragen neue Implantate zur Verbesserung der klinisch-radiologischen Resultate und Verringerung von Komplikationen während und nach Operation bei.
It is not NOD2 — genetic and clinical risk factors for postoperative complications following ileocolic resection in Crohn’s disease
Authors: Schardey Josefine , Zehl Sophie , Kappenberger Alina S. , Zimmermann Petra , Beigel Florian , Schiergens Tobias S. , Kasparek Michael S. , Kühn Florian , Werner Jens , Wirth Ulrich 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate the role of the nucleotide oligomerization domain 2 (NOD2) mutation status and other risk factors for the incidence of postoperative complications after ileocolic resection for Crohn’s disease (CD).

Methods
Data of 138 patients consecutively undergoing ileocolic resection for CD at a tertiary academic referral center were retrospectively analyzed including single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data of the NOD2 gene. Uni- and multivariate regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with increased risk of severe postoperative complications.

Results
From 114 patients (83%), the NOD2 mutation status was available. Of these, 60 (53%) had a NOD2 wildtype, whereas eleven (10%) were homozygous for the high risk p.Leu1007fsX1008 (rs2066847) variant. Major postoperative complications occurred in 28 patients (20%). Twenty-seven of these (96%) were intraabdominal septic complications such as anastomotic leakage or abscess. Male gender (P = 0.029; OR 3.052, the duration of CD (time [months] from initial diagnosis of CD to surgery; P = 0.001; OR 1.009), previous abdominal surgery for CD (P = 0.017; OR 3.49), and the presence of enteric fistulas (P = 0.023; OR 3.21) were identified as independent risk factors for major postoperative complications. Homozygosity for the NOD2 high-risk variant p.Leu1007fsX1008 did not show increased postoperative morbidity in the short and long-term outcome.

Conclusions
We could detect independent risk factors for major postoperative complications after ileocolic resection for Crohn’s disease. However, patients with the high-risk variant p.Leu1007fsX1008 of the NOD2 gene did not show increased postoperative morbidity.
Need for adjuvant radiotherapy in oral cancer: depth of invasion rather than tumor diameter
Authors: Riemenschnitter Cosima E. , Morand Grégoire B. , Schouten Charlotte S. , Rupp Niels J. , Balermpas Panagiotis , Gander Thomas , Broglie Däppen Martina A. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The 8th edition of the TNM Cancer Staging Manual incorporates depth of invasion (DOI) into the pathologic tumor classification for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSSC). While deep invading tumors with small tumor diameters (TD) have been categorized as early stage tumors in the 7th edition, they are now upstaged, potentially influencing the decision to initiate adjuvant radiotherapy (RT).

Methods
OSCC patients surgically treated with curative intent between 2010 and 2019 were consecutively included. Tumors were staged based on TD only (according to the 7th edition TNM Cancer Staging Manual), then restaged based solely on DOI.

Results
Of the 133 included patients, 58 patients (43.6%) had a different pT-stage when using DOI instead of TD for staging (upstaging in 23.3%). Overall survival (OS) was significantly worse in patients who were upstaged with DOI. In addition, stratification by adjuvant RT showed significant worse OS in upstaged patients without receiving adjuvant RT.

Conclusions
DOI seems to be an import indicator for adjuvant RT in OSCC-patients.
Exposure to solar UV radiation of Polish teenagers after the first COVID-19 lockdown in March–April 2020
Authors: Czerwińska A. , Krzyścin J. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn Poland, schools were closed from March to June 2020 due to the COVID-19 epidemic. During the lockdown (March–April), everyone was advised to stay at home. From May, students were allowed to spend time outdoors. We examine their exposure to solar UV radiation during the period of virtual learning at schools (May–June), vacations (July–August) and the first month of typical learning (September). Primary and high school students aged 12–18 completed a questionnaire on the details of their outdoor activities and the weather at the exposure site. A total of 146 anonymous questionnaires were registered for the study. The survey responses provided input to a radiative transfer model to estimate erythemal and vitamin D doses obtained by teenagers during outdoor activities. The results from 48% of the questionnaires indicated that students’ exposure exceeded 1 minimal erythema dose (MED) during the day. Corresponding doses of sun-synthesized vitamin D, in excess of 1000 international units (IU) and 2000 IU, were found in 77% and 66% of the surveys, respectively. Only 12% of the teenagers declared that they use sunscreen. The overexposure (> 1 MED) increased with age. It was found in 72% and 26% of surveys among the students aged 17–18 and 12–14, respectively. Teenagers seem to have tried to compensate for the lack of sunlight during the lockdown by engaging in outdoor activities permitted since May. While those activities could have improved their vitamin D levels, they also put them at a higher risk of developing erythema.
Social cognition and metacognition in great apes: a theory
Authors: Tomasello Michael 
Published: August 2022

AbstractTwenty-five years ago, at the founding of this journal, there existed only a few conflicting findings about great apes’ social-cognitive skills (theory of mind). In the 2 ½ decades since, we have discovered that great apes understand the goals, intentions, perceptions, and knowledge of others, and they use this knowledge to their advantage in competitive interactions. Twenty-five years ago there existed basically no studies on great apes’ metacognitive skills. In the 2 ½ decades since, we have discovered that great apes monitor their uncertainty and base their decisions on that, or else decide to gather more information to make better decisions. The current paper reviews the past 25 years of research on great ape social cognition and metacognition and proposes a theory about how the two are evolutionarily related.
Assessing Adolescents’ Information Management with Mothers and Fathers: A Brief Report
Authors: Jiménez-Iglesias Antonia , García-Moya Irene , Moreno Carmen 
Published: August 2022

AbstractAdolescents’ information management is a fundamental topic for research on adolescence, with numerous studies using Kerr and Stattin’s (2000; Stattin & Kerr, 2000) scale or adapted versions from this tool for the assessment of this key dimension of parent-child relationships. Although this measure was initially considered to be a unidimensional scale assessing disclosure, studies later suggested a two-factor structure, making a distinction between disclosure and secrecy. The objective of this study is to analyse the factorial structure of Kerr and Stattin’s (2000) original scale of routine disclosure, including a separate analysis of the scale functioning when used to assess information management with mothers and with fathers. Participants came from a representative sample of Spanish adolescents aged 11–18 years old who had taken part in the 2014 edition of the WHO-collaborative survey Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC). Confirmatory factor analysis was performed using EQS 6.1 to compare two competing factorial structures based on the literature: one factor vs two correlated factors. Results showed that the two correlated-factors structure had a better fit to the data, both for the analysis of the maternal and paternal scales. However, one of the disclosure items also loaded on secrecy, which can be attributed to the item content. Therefore, although our results further support the differentiation between disclosure and secrecy, they also point to a possible effect of the imbalance of item content in this scale functioning, which requires attention in future research.