bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vespakinin-M, a natural peptide from Vespa magnifica, promotes functional recovery in stroke mice
Authors: Zhao Hairong , Wang Mei , Gao Yuan , Wu Xiumei , Xiao Huai , Yang Dasong , He Furong , Lv Jiaming , Xie De , Wang Qiang , Liu Weidong , Luo Jingang , Yang Zizhong , Zhang Chenggui , Cheng Jidong , Zhao Yu 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAcute ischemic stroke triggers complex systemic pathological responses for which the exploration of drug resources remains a challenge. Wasp venom extracted from Vespa magnifica (Smith, 1852) is most commonly used to treat rheumatoid arthritis as well as neurological disorders. Vespakinin-M (VK), a natural peptide from wasp venom, has remained largely unexplored for stroke. Herein, we first confirmed the structure, stability, toxicity and distribution of VK as well as its penetration into the blood–brain barrier. VK (150 and 300 µg/kg, i.p.) was administered to improve stroke constructed by middle cerebral artery occlusion in mice. Our results indicate that VK promote functional recovery in mice after ischemia stroke, including an improvement of neurological impairment, reduction of infarct volume, maintenance of blood-brain barrier integrity, and an obstruction of the inflammatory response and oxidative stress. In addition, VK treatment led to reduced neuroinflammation and apoptosis associated with the activation of PI3K–AKT and inhibition of IκBα–NF-κB signaling pathways. Simultaneously, we confirmed that VK can combine with bradykinin receptor 2 (B2R) as detected by molecular docking, the B2R antagonist HOE140 could counteract the neuro-protective effects of VK on stroke in mice. Overall, targeting the VK–B2R interaction can be considered as a practical strategy for stroke therapy.
Anomalous elasticity and damping in covalently cross-linked graphene aerogels
Authors: Šilhavík Martin , Kumar Prabhat , Zafar Zahid Ali , Míšek Martin , Čičala Martin , Piliarik Marek , Červenka Jiří 
Published: January 2022

AbstractElasticity in materials is a phenomenon that provides a basis for widespread practical applications in engineering, medicine, and electronics. Most of the conventional materials can withstand only small deformations within the elastic limit, typically below 5% of their original size. Here, we report a graphene aerogel made of covalently cross-linked graphene sheets that exhibits anomalous superelastic behavior up to 92% of compressive and 68% tensile strain. We show that the graphene aerogel has a nonlinear stress-strain characteristic with the compressive and tensile yield strength of 4.5 GPa and 0.6 MPa, respectively. By considering the elastic bending of graphene sheets and buckle folding of pore walls, we develop a quantitative origami model that describes the stress-strain behavior of the aerogel. In addition, we analyze the mechanical oscillations of the graphene aerogel, observing superfast vibration damping within a time scale of 50–250 ns. Our study demonstrates the unusual coexistence of superelasticity and superfast damping within a cellular material with atomically thin pore walls, a phenomenon that does not occur in bulk elastic materials described by Hook’s law.
Coexisting Z-type charge and bond order in metallic NaRu2O4
Authors: Yogi Arvind Kumar , Yaresko Alexander , Sathish C. I. , Sim Hasung , Morikawa Daisuke , Nuss Juergen , Tsuda Kenji , Noda Yukio. , Khomskii Daniel I. , Park Je-Geun 
Published: January 2022

AbstractHow particular bonds form in quantum materials has been a long-standing puzzle. Two key concepts dealing with charge degrees of freedom are dimerization (forming metal-metal bonds) and charge ordering. Since the 1930s, these two concepts have been frequently invoked to explain numerous exciting quantum materials, typically insulators. Here we report dimerization and charge ordering within the dimers coexisting in metallic NaRu2O4. By combining high-resolution x-ray diffraction studies and theoretical calculations, we demonstrate that this unique phenomenon occurs through a new type of bonding, which we call Z-type ordering. The low-temperature superstructure has strong dimerization in legs of zigzag ladders, with short dimers in legs connected by short zigzag bonds, forming Z-shape clusters: simultaneously, site-centered charge ordering also appears. Our results demonstrate the yet unknown flexibility of quantum materials with the intricate interplay among orbital, charge, and lattice degrees of freedom.
Nicotinamide riboside kinase-2 inhibits JNK pathway and limits dilated cardiomyopathy in mice with chronic pressure overload
Authors: Shahzadi Syeda Kiran , Marzook Hezlin , Qaisar Rizwan , Ahmad Firdos 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Nicotinamide riboside kinase-2 (NRK-2) has recently emerged as a critical regulator of cardiac remodeling however, underlying molecular mechanisms is largely unknown. To explore the same, NRK2 knockout (KO) and littermate control mice were subjected to trans-aortic constriction (TAC) or sham surgeries and cardiac function was assessed by serial M-mode echocardiography. A mild cardiac contractile dysfunction was observed in the KOs at the early adaptive phase of remodeling followed by a significant deterioration during the maladaptive cardiac remodeling phase. Consistently, NRK2 KO hearts displayed increased cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure (HF) reflected by morphometric parameters as well as increased fetal genes, atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) expressions. Histological assessment revealed an extensive left ventricular (LV) chamber dilatation accompanied by elevated cardiomyopathy (CM) and fibrosis in the KO hearts post-TAC. In a gain-of-function model, NRK-2 overexpressing in AC16 cardiomyocytes displayed significantly attenuated fetal genes ANP and BNP expression. Consistently, NRK-2 overexpression attenuated angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced cardiomyocyte death. Mechanistically, we identified NRK-2 as a regulator of c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) MAP kinase and mitochondrial function where NRK-2 overexpression in human cardiomyocytes markedly suppressed the Ang II-induced JNK activation and mitochondrial depolarization. Thus, our results demonstrate that NRK-2 plays protective roles in pressure overload (PO)-induced dilatative cardiac remodeling and, genetic ablation exacerbates dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), interstitial collagen deposition, and cardiac dysfunction post-TAC due, in part, to increased JNK activation and mitochondrial dysfunction.
Auditory temporal processinzg in children with history of recurrent otitis media with effusion
Authors: Khavarghazalani Bahareh , Hosseini Dastgerdi Zahra , Gohari Nasrin , Khakzand Soheila 
Published: January 2022

Objective
Several studies report that a history of recurrent otitis media with effusion (OME) can affect the development of the central auditory system and its processing. The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of recurrent OME on the auditory temporal processing using the Gap-In-Noise (GIN) test in children with a positive history in their first five years.

Materials and methods
In this study, 12 children between 8 and 10 years old were selected. The control group was matched according to the age of study cohort. The GIN test was conducted to assess temporal processing and the approximate threshold and percentage of correct responses were calculated for all participants. Nonparametric test was used to analyze the data.

Result
Results of the GIN test showed significant differences between the OME and control group (p < .001). Children with recurrent OME performed worse than the control group in this test. No significant difference was observed between the right and left ear performance in both groups (p > .05).

Conclusion
The study results indicate that, children with recurrent OME suffer from auditory temporal processing to some degree.
Strangeness content of the pion in the U(3) Nambu–Jona–Lasinio model
Authors: Braghin Fábio L 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The Nambu–Jona–Lasinio model is considered with flavor-dependent coupling constants

G

i
j

(

ψ

¯

λ

i

ψ

)

(

ψ

¯

λ

j

ψ

)

+

(

ψ

¯

i

γ

5

λ

i

ψ

)

(

ψ

¯

i

γ

5

λ

j

ψ

)

for

i
,
j
=
0
,
1
…

N

f

2

−
1

, and N

f
= 3. A self-consistent calculation of quark effective masses and coupling constants is performed, making the strange quark effective mass vary considerably. Quantum mechanical mixings between up, down and strange constituent quarks yield a strangeness content (s-content) of the light u and d quark constituent and of the pion. Different types of estimates for the strangeness contribution for the pion mass are provided. Mixing-type interactions, G

i≠j
, induce light meson mixings, and estimates for the π
0 − η and η − η′ mixings are provided. The η − π
0 mixing is argued to be an indication of the s-content of the pion.
Inverse seesaw in

A5′

modular symmetry
Authors: Behera Mitesh Kumar , Mohanta Rukmani 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
We make an investigation of modular

Γ

5

′

≃

A

5

′

group in inverse seesaw framework. Modular symmetry is advantageous because it reduces the usage of extra scalar fields significantly. Moreover, the Yukawa couplings are expressed in terms of Dedekind eta functions, which also have a q expansion form, generally utilized to achieve numerical simplicity. Our proposed model includes six heavy fermion superfields i.e.,

N

R

i

,

S

L

i

and a weighton. The study of neutrino phenomenology becomes simplified and effective by the usage of

A

5

′

modular symmetry, which provides us a well defined mass structure for the lepton sector. Here, we observe that all the neutrino oscillation parameters, as well as the effective electron neutrino mass in neutrinoless double beta decay can be successfully accommodated in this model. We also briefly discuss the lepton flavor violating decays ℓ

i
→ ℓ

j

γ, the collider bound on Z′ mass and comment on non-unitarity of lepton mixing matrix.
Development and decay of vortex flows in viscoelastic fluids between concentric cylinders
Authors: Guido Renzo , Rinderknecht Felipe , Cabeza Cecilia , Martí Arturo C , Sarasúa Gustavo 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
We study the development and decay of vortex in viscoelastic fluids between coaxial cylinders by means of experiments with solutions of polyacrylamide and glycerin and numerical simulations. The transient process is triggered when the inner cylinder is either abruptly started or stopped while the outer is kept fixed. The azimuthal velocity, obtained by means of digital particle velocimetry, exhibits oscillations before reaching the stationary state. The development of the vortex is characterized by means of the overshoot, i.e. the difference between the maximum and the stationary velocity. Analogously, in the decay of the vortex, the azimuthal velocity changes its direction and the relevant parameter is the undershoot defined as the maximum reversed transient velocity. To get a deeper insight into this phenomenon, the experimental results are supplemented with numerical simulations of rheological models as the Oldroyd-B and White–Metzer. The results obtained with the first model reveal the dependence of the overshoot and undershoot with the elasticity number of the fluid. Using the White–Metzer model we explain the increase of the overshoot produced by the reduction of the solvent viscosity in terms of the shear-thinning effects.
Multi-channel recurrent attention network for building extraction from high resolution remote sensing images
Authors: Wang Zhen , Xu Nan , Wang Buhong , Guo Jianxin , Zhang Shanwen 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Building extraction from high-resolution remote sensing images is of great importance for urban planning, disaster assessment, and geography mapping. In recent years, convolutional neural networks have made outstanding achievements in improving the precision of building extraction. However, most existing approaches have some problems, such as insufficient detailed feature extraction and ignorance of the relationship between different features. In this study, we propose a novel multi-channel recurrent attention network (MCANet) for building extraction. Firstly, the multi-scale channel attention mechanism is used to expand the convolution kernel receptive field, making the model can extract rich building region feature information. Secondly, we use the spatial pyramid recurrent block to establish long-range dependencies over space, channel, and layer of different convolutions. Finally, the multi-channel feature fusion block is used to fuse the multi-scale channel features information, and improve the building extraction precision. Experimental results show that the proposed MCANet achieves better results (recall, precision, intersection-over-union, and F1_score on the Inria Aerial Image Labeling Dataset are 89.82%, 94.38%, 87.42%, and 88.25%, respectively), and outperforms the other state-of-the-art approaches.
Atomistic simulation and interatomic potential comparison in α-Al2O3: lattice, surface and extended-defects properties
Authors: Xu Qinqin , Salles Nicolas , Chevalier Jérome , Amodeo Jonathan 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Aluminum oxide (α-Al2O3) is known as one of the major ceramic oxide and is currently used for its advanced mechanical properties. Nowadays, it requires a more in-depth description at small-scales especially for applications in the fields of nanocrystalline ceramic fabrication and nanomechanics. In this study, we investigate the transferability of several types of interatomic potentials including rigid ion, 2/3-body and many-body variable charge models. In particular, a special attention is paid to the material properties that are the most relevant for nanomechanical applications such as lattice properties, surface and stacking fault energies as well as dislocation modeling. Simulation outcomes are compared to reliable DFT simulations and most up-to-date experiments available from the literature.
Investigation and optimization of polarization properties of self-assembled carbon nanotube films
Authors: Zhang Hui , Wang Yibin , Zhang Peng , Hou Huwang , Zhao Yang 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Super-aligned carbon nanotubes (CNTs) film has strong anisotropy to light propagation. In order to better integrate the self-assembled CNTs into microelectromechanical system (MEMS) for polarization applications, some inherent impacts on polarization properties of CNT film were investigated. We described the polarization effects of the film thickness variation in detail, giving an optimum thickness range which is around 700–800 nm. The amorphous carbon content of CNT film was reduced by oxidation process where the transmittance increased by almost 4 folds. The alignment of CNT arrangement was optimized from 0.41 (Chebyshev orientation parameter) to 0.54 by manipulating the C2H4 flow rate from 54 to 80 sccm. More specifically, a sample possessing a degree of polarization up to 99% and transmittance over 45% was obtained through proper regulations. The validated optimization makes the aligned CNT films more feasible and valuable for the integration of the CNT polarimeters with MEMS technology.
Addressing the cognitive and noncognitive needs of struggling students through an E7 approach in a virtual laboratory environment to improve their motivation and learning achievement
Authors: Hachmi A , El Moussaouy A , Ouariach A , Essaadaoui R , El Hadi M , Mommadi O , Kerkour-El Miad A 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In this study that aims to motivate struggling students and helping them to improve their learning achievement, we designed and tested an E7-based approach in a virtual laboratory environment. We rely on cognitive load theory and self-determination theory to enable our approach to meet the cognitive and noncognitive needs of struggling students. This study adopts the pre-experimental method with the design of the pre and post-test, an experimental group and a control group. We evaluated the effect of the intervention on motivation and learning achievements by using a motivation test and the students’ assessment by their teachers. One of the results of this study is the success of our approach in motivating struggling students and helping them to improve their learning achievements.
Predicting resistive wall mode stability in NSTX through balanced random forests and counterfactual explanations
Authors: Piccione A. , Berkery J.W. , Sabbagh S.A. , Andreopoulos Y. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Recent progress in the disruption event characterization and forecasting framework has shown that machine learning guided by physics theory can be easily implemented as a supporting tool for fast computations of ideal stability properties of spherical tokamak plasmas. In order to extend that idea, a customized random forest (RF) classifier that takes into account imbalances in the training data is hereby employed to predict resistive wall mode (RWM) stability for a set of high beta discharges from the NSTX spherical tokamak. More specifically, with this approach each tree in the forest is trained on samples that are balanced via a user-defined over/under-sampler. The proposed approach outperforms classical cost-sensitive methods for the problem at hand, in particular when used in conjunction with a random under-sampler, while also resulting in a threefold reduction in the training time. In order to further understand the model’s decisions, a diverse set of counterfactual explanations based on determinantal point processes (DPP) is generated and evaluated. Via the use of DPP, the underlying RF model infers that the presence of hypothetical magnetohydrodynamic activity would have prevented the RWM from concurrently going unstable, which is a counterfactual that is indeed expected by prior physics knowledge. Given that this result emerges from the data-driven RF classifier and the use of counterfactuals without hand-crafted embedding of prior physics intuition, it motivates the usage of counterfactuals to simulate real-time control by generating the β

N
levels that would have kept the RWM stable for a set of unstable discharges.
Deconvolving the roles of E × B shear and pedestal structure in the energy confinement quality of super H-mode experiments
Authors: Garofalo A.M. , Ding S. , Solomon W.M. , Grierson B.A. , Jian X. , Osborne T.H. , Holland C. , Knolker M. , Laggner F.M. , Chrystal C. , Marinoni A. , Petty C.C. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAnalysis of ‘super H-mode’ experiments on DIII-D has put forward that high plasma toroidal rotation, not high pedestal, plays the essential role in achieving energy confinement qualityH98y2≫ 1 (Dinget al2020Nucl. Fusion60034001). Recently, super H-mode experiments with variable input torque have confirmed that high rotation shear discharges have very high levels ofH98y2(>1.5), independent of the pedestal height, and that high pedestal discharges with low rotation shear have levels ofH98y2only slightly above 1 (⩽1.2). Although some increase in stored energy with higher pedestal occurs, the energy confinement quality mainly depends on the toroidal rotation shear, which varies according to different levels of injected neutral beam torque per particle. Quasi-linear gyrofluid modeling achieves a good match of the experiment when including theE×Bshear; without including plasma rotation, the modeling predicts a confinement quality consistent with the empirical observation ofH98y2∼ 1.2 at low rotation. Nonlinear gyrokinetic transport modeling shows that the effect ofE×Bturbulence stabilization is far larger than other mechanisms, such as the so-called hot-ion stabilization (Ti/Te) effect. Consistent with these experimental and modeling results are previous simulations of the ITER baseline scenario using a super H-mode pedestal solution (Solomonet al2016Phys. Plasmas23056105), which showed the potential to exceed theQ= 10 target if the pedestal density could be increased above the Greenwald limit. A close look at these simulations reveals that the predicted energy confinement quality is below 1 even at the highest pedestal pressure. The improvement inQat higher pedestal density is due to the improved fusion power generation at the higher core density associated with higher pedestal density, not to an improved energy confinement quality.
Upgrade of the ATLAS Tile Calorimeter high voltage system
Authors: Gomes A. , Augusto J.S. , Cuim F. , Evans G. , Fernandez R. , Gurriana L. , Marques R. , Martins F. , Pereira C. 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The high voltage system of TileCal, the ATLAS central hadron calorimeter, is being upgraded for the high-luminosity LHC, in the so called phase II upgrade. In the new configuration for the upgrade, the high voltage regulation boards are not located inside the detector anymore, they are deployed far from the radiation caused by the collisions, in a room where there is permanent access for maintenance. This option requires a large number of 100 m long high voltage cables but removes the requirement of radiation hardened boards. HVremote regulation boards and the respective high voltage supplies boards have been developed and tested, as well as a crate to house the boards. Preliminary results of the HVremote boards performance are presented.
Metrics for Phased Prevention of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Transmission for Institutions of Higher Education: 2022 and Beyond
Authors: Sehgal Neil Jay 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In the nearly 2 years since suspending in-person activities, many institutions of higher education (IHEs) have struggled with returning students, staff, and faculty to campus safely and developed robust mitigation plans, continuing or instituting surveillance testing, and codifying stringent coronavirus disease 2019 codes of conduct. Essential to return-to-campus planning is a strategy for when and how to reduce activities to slow transmission through phased prevention—a strategy for reintroducing nonpharmaceutical interventions and “metering” activities at IHEs based on the levels of community severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 transmission and testing. In this regard, I propose a series of mitigation measures and the metrics for their implementation, color coded and categorized in phases similar to those recommended by the federal and numerous state governments to open nonessential businesses and resume in-person services, and specific where applicable to IHEs that require vaccination and those at which vaccination is optional.