bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alpha-Lipoic acid supplementation corrects pathological alterations in cellular models of pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration with residual PANK2 expression levels
Authors: Talaverón-Rey Marta , Álvarez-Córdoba Mónica , Villalón-García Irene , Povea-Cabello Suleva , Suárez-Rivero Juan M. , Gómez-Fernández David , Romero-González Ana , Suárez-Carrillo Alejandra , Munuera-Cabeza Manuel , Cilleros-Holgado Paula , Reche-López Diana , Piñero-Pérez Rocío , Alcazar Jose A Sanchez 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation (NBIA) disorders are a group of neurodegenerative diseases that have in common the accumulation of iron in the basal nuclei of the brain which are essential components of the extrapyramidal system. Frequent symptoms are progressive spasticity, dystonia, muscle rigidity, neuropsychiatric symptoms, and retinal degeneration or optic nerve atrophy. One of the most prevalent subtypes of NBIA is Pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration (PKAN). It is caused by mutations in the gene of pantothenate kinase 2 (PANK2) which encodes the enzyme responsible for the first reaction on the coenzyme A (CoA) biosynthesis pathway. Thus, deficient PANK2 activity induces CoA deficiency as well as low expression levels of 4′-phosphopantetheinyl proteins which are essential for mitochondrial metabolism.
Methods
This study is aimed at evaluating the role of alpha-lipoic acid (α-LA) in reversing the pathological alterations in fibroblasts and induced neurons derived from PKAN patients. Iron accumulation, lipid peroxidation, transcript and protein expression levels of PANK2, mitochondrial ACP (mtACP), 4′-phosphopantetheinyl and lipoylated proteins, as well as pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) and Complex I activity were examined.
Results
Treatment with α-LA was able to correct all pathological alterations in responsive mutant fibroblasts with residual PANK2 enzyme expression. However, α-LA had no effect on mutant fibroblasts with truncated/incomplete protein expression. The positive effect of α-LA in particular mutations was also confirmed in induced neurons derived from mutant fibroblasts.
Conclusions
Our results suggest that α-LA treatment can increase the expression levels of PANK2 and reverse the mutant phenotype in PANK2 responsive mutations. The existence of residual enzyme expression in some affected individuals raises the possibility of treatment using high dose of α-LA.
Speed and Torque Control of Pneumatic Motors Using Controlled Pulsating Flow
Authors: Aziz Mohamed Ahmed , Benini Ernesto , Khalifa Mohamed Ahmed , Gaheen Osama Abd elmonem 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Pneumatic motors have several advantages over electric motors and have many robotics and automation applications. However, the performance control of pneumatic motors is not satisfactory mainly due to air compressibility and the high cost of conventional control methods using proportional control valves. This paper presents an unprecedented application of pneumatic motor control using a pulsating compressed air technique. The study also included validated simulations using the Automation Studio program to control the pneumatic motor’s speed and torque. The results showed a clear and noticeable improvement in controlling the pneumatic motor outputs and demonstrated that the improvements are frequency functions of the compressed air source pulses and pressure. In addition, the results showed remarkable success in controlling the pneumatic motor outputs depending on the frequency of the compressed air-source pulses and pressure. Pulsating air frequencies of 1.5, 3, and 4.5 Hz were considered as inlet source pressure changed from 1.72, 3.45, and 5.17 bar. Furthermore, empirical correlations have been developed for advanced use in automatic control circuits at an error of 6.3–9.5% in predicting the motor speed and torque outputs.
Deep neural network-based automatic bowel gas segmentation on X-ray images for particle beam treatment
Authors: Kumakiri Toshio , Mori Shinichiro , Mori Yasukuni , Hirai Ryusuke , Hashimoto Ayato , Tachibana Yasuhiko , suyari Hiroki , Ishikawa Hitoshi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Since particle beam distribution is vulnerable to change in bowel gas because of its low density, we developed a deep neural network (DNN) for bowel gas segmentation on X-ray images. We used 6688 image datasets from 209 cases as training data and 102 image datasets from 51 cases as test data. For the training data, we prepared three types of digitally reconstructed radiographic (DRR) images (all-density, bone and gas) by projecting the treatment planning CT image data. However, the real X-ray images acquired in the treatment room showed low contrast that interfered with manual delineation of bowel gas. Therefore, we used synthetic X-ray images converted from DRR images in addition to real X-ray images. We evaluated DNN segmentation accuracy for the synthetic X-ray images using Intersection over Union (IoU), recall, precision, and the Dice coefficient, which measured 0.708 ± 0.208, 0.832 ± 0.170, 0.799 ± 0.191, and 0.807 ± 0.178, respectively. The evaluation metrics for the real X-images were less accurate than those for the synthetic X-ray images (0.408 ± 0237, 0.685 ± 0.326, 0.490 ± 0272, and 0.534 ± 0.271, respectively). Our DNN appears useful in increasing treatment accuracy in particle beam therapy.
Population pharmacokinetics of voriconazole and CYP2C19 phenotype for dose optimization in hematological patients with invasive fungal infections
Authors: Hu Lin , Huang Qi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Aims
The aim of this study was to evaluate factors that impact on voriconazole trough concentration and explore the optimal dosing regimen of voriconazole for different CYP2C19 genotypes in a Chinese population.
Methods
Medical records of inpatients were reviewed retrospectively. Multivariate linear regression and population pharmacokinetic analysis was used to identify the factors contributing to the variability of voriconazole trough concentrations.
Results
A total of 363 voriconazole trough concentrations from 89 patients were included, with high inter- and intraindividual variability. At the measurement of the first trough concentration, the target range (1.0–5.5 mg·L− 1) was achieved in 68.5% of patients, while subtherapeutic and supratherapeutic concentrations were obtained in 28.1% and 3.4% of patients, respectively. In our study, the most commonly identified cytochrome P450 2C19 (CYP2C19) phenotype was normal metabolizers (NMs) (46.1%), followed by intermediate metabolizers (IMs) (40.4%) and poor metabolizers (PMs) (13.5%). Initial trough concentrations were adjusted for dose, with NMs and IMs were both significantly lower than PMs (PN−P=0.010 and PI−P=0.048, respectively). The median intravenous maintenance dose to reach a therapeutic range was significantly lower than the recommended intravenous maintenance dose (P = 0.009). Affecting factors in our study such as age, administration routes, CYP2C19 polymorphisms and aspartate transaminase (AST) explained 41.4% of the variability in voriconazole exposure. The final model of voriconazole population pharmacokinetic analysis contained age as a significant covariate for the distribution volume and CYP2C19 phenotype as a significant covariate for the clearance rate. Dose simulations indicated that 300, 250, 150 mg orally twice daily is appropriate for NMs, IMs and PMs to achieve target range, respectively.
Conclusions
To increase the probability of achieving the therapeutic range and improving efficacy, CYP2C19 phenotype can be used to predict voriconazole trough concentrations and guide dose adjustment.
A simple method to evaluate the uncertainty of magnetotelluric forward modeling for practical three-dimensional conductivity structure models
Authors: Baba Kiyoshi 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The forward calculation of magnetotelluric (MT) responses is generally assumed to be sufficiently accurate compared with typical observational errors in practical modeling and inversion studies. Although the uncertainty of the forward calculation may be examined by comparison with analytical or other numerical solutions for some simple models, such an examination does not guarantee that the uncertainty is similar for more realistic complex structures. In this study, I propose a simple method to evaluate the random component of the uncertainty of MT forward modeling for practical three-dimensional (3D) conductivity structure models in a Cartesian coordinate system. The method is based on the idea that the horizontal coordinate system can be selected arbitrarily for a general 3D structure. The synthesized MT responses are ideally identical irrespective of the selection but are different because of the difference in discretization angles, boundary values, and numerical errors. By synthesizing MT responses to the model in several different coordinate systems, the mean, standard deviation, and coefficient of variation can be calculated. These statistics provide quantitative information on how stably the forward calculations synthesize MT responses under the given conditions of the structure model, observation array, periods, numerical algorithm for the forward modeling, and mesh design. The proposed method was applied to two practical situations of seafloor MT arrays in the northwestern Pacific and southern Atlantic. I used 3D models consisting of 3D topography and bathymetry over subsurface layered structures given in previous studies. The results show that the uncertainty is comparable to real observation errors and is significantly dependent on the MT impedance element, period, site, structure model, and horizontal coordinate system. The uncertainty of the forward calculation should be considered for each element, period, and site to quantitatively evaluate how well a given model explains the data. I propose a new root-mean-square in which the residuals are normalized by both the standard errors of the MT responses observed and synthesized. This would help avoid overfitting data in the inversion analysis by ignoring the uncertainty of the forward calculation. This method is also useful for testing the appropriate selection of the coordinate system and mesh design.
Optically Transparent Triple and Dual Band Terahertz Metamaterial Absorber Based on Indium Tin Oxide and PET Substrate
Authors: K Mahendran , H Sudarsan , S Rathika 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
A simple optically transparent polarization and angular insensitive triple and dual band Terahertz (THz) Metamaterial Absorber (MMA) is designed and analysed in this paper. The MMA consists of three layers, dielectric layer is placed in-between the ground plane and top metallic patch. Without using stacked layers, doping and multiple resonators the absorber is designed here. The metal and substrate used here is Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) and Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET). The ITO with PET combination produces the optical transparency. The important thing in this work is the same design produces the triple and dual band operation while changing the top patch radius value. The absorber produces the triple band operation when the radius of the top circle is 65 and it produces the dual band when the radius of the top circle is 55. It covers the frequency ranges from 0.3 THz to 1.4 THz. The designed structure is analysed by electric field, magnetic field distribution and surface current distributions. This structure is polarization and angle independent up to 90 degrees. From the parametric analysis, we found this absorber will work in both triple and dual band operation. So, this bifunctional working absorber will find more applications in optically transparent devices, sensing and imaging.
Assessment of parent’s awareness about sight-threating eye diseases in children in Damascus Hospital
Authors: Al-Mamar Khaled , Othman Noureddine , Salman Afraa 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background:
Eye diseases are among the common health problems that a person may be exposed to and are of particular importance in childhood. These diseases range from simple health problems that go away without the need for medical treatment, and health problems that require medical intervention to treat them. Care must be taken to periodically review the ophthalmologist. To conduct the necessary examinations, avoid the development of eye diseases as much as possible, and reduce the chance of complications that may accompany it, including loss of vision, and common diseases that may affect the eye, we mention the following: congenital glaucoma, refraction, strabismus, congenital cataract, amblyopia (lazy eye) Retinopathy of preterm infants.
Design:
A cross-sectional study was conducted using the questionnaire tool, targeting the parents who attended Damascus Hospital, the eye clinics within the hospital, and the Al-Mujtahid department, the first aid and care department.
Methods:
The questionnaires used were randomly distributed to 518participants to form the total sample studied.
Results:
In our study, we focused on the demographic aspects related to the sample members at the beginning, which will form the first and main party in the various relationships and associations studied in the context of our research, as they carry an important value and constitute a basic indicator that reflects the groups that have the greatest or least amount of knowledge about eye diseases that threaten sight in children, Among the 518 participants, females were more than half of the sample with a percentage of 59.7%, while males were 40.3%, and most of them were in the age group of 30-40 years with a percentage of 44.4%, and most of them were married at a rate of 84.7%, and the educational level was somewhat similar, between intermediate and secondary education As for the nature of the participants’ work, housewives had the largest percentage, reaching 37.3%, and 72% of the participants had one to three children.
Clinical characteristics and outcomes in COVID-19 patients with chronic kidney disease in the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron wave: a case-control study
Authors: Guo Yue , Guo Yifei , Yu Weien , Ying Huajian , Chen Shiqi , Zhang Yao , Zhang Shenyan , Lin Yanxue , Sun Feng , Zhang Yongmei , Zhu Haoxiang , Yu Jie , Ma Ke , Qin Lunxiu , Long Feng , Mao Richeng , Xue Jun , Zhang Jiming 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Since March 2022, the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant, mainly the BA.2 sub-lineage, has swept throughout Shanghai, China and caused a wide range of infections. Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are particularly vulnerable to the subvariant and have unique clinical manifestations and outcomes, which have not been studied yet.
Methods
We retrospective collected data from 2140 hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron infection from March 29, 2022, to May 17, 2022. Demographic characteristics, clinical symptoms, ancillary examination results, and treatments were described respectively. Presence of COVID-19 pneumonia, disease severity (according to WHO), composite outcome (critical COVID-19 and death), and negative conversion time were defined as primary outcomes. Multivariate analyses were used to evaluate risk factors affecting the primary outcomes.
Results
The main clinical types of CKD group were severe and critical. Negative conversion time varies according to the stage of CKD patients. The CKD group was more likely to have pneumonia, respiratory and circulatory support, severe disease and death, as compared to the non-CKD group. CKD and the number of comorbidities were found to be risk factors for pneumonia, critical COVID-19and composite outcome among Omicron patients.
Conclusion
We provided the first snapshot of clinical characteristics and outcomes of CKD patients in the Omicron wave, highlighting the vulnerability of CKD population and providing clues for future studies in special or immunocompromised populations.
Simulteneous Equation Method for the Estimation of Gallic Acid and Apigenin by Uv-visible Spectrophotometry
Authors: MEVADA Mevada S. D. , patel Patel H. U. , Mevada Shweta D. , mevada mevada shweta 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
A simple, rapid, accurate, economic and precise UV/VIS method has been developed and validated. Choices of a common solvent were essential so various solvent ranges including methanol, ethanol, Acetonitrile and phosphate buffer and various concentrations ranges of various buffers were analyzed. Hence methanol was selected as a solvent for the proposed method. Gallic Acid and Apigenin showed maximum absorbance at 217 and 268 nm respectively. Both drugs obey Beer Lambert’s law in the concentration range of 0.5-3 µg mL-1 for Gallic Acid and Apigenin respectively. The LOD and LOQ were found to be 0.00379 µg mL-1and 0.011µg mL-1for Gallic Acid, respectively. For, Apigenin the LOD and LOQ values were found to be 0.00801 µg mL-1 and 0.024µg mL-1 respectively. The method was quantitatively evaluated in terms of linearity, precision, precision, LOD, LOQ and recovery. The method is simple, convenient and suitable for the analysis of Gallic Acid and Apigenin in bulk drug.
Proteomic analysis of plasma to identify novel biomarkers for intra-amniotic infection and/or inflammation in preterm premature rupture of membranes
Authors: Back Ji Hyun , Kim So Yeon , Gu Man Bock , Kim Hyeon Ji , Lee Kyong-No , Lee Ji Eun , Park Kyo Hoon 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
This study aimed to identify potential plasma biomarkers associated with microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity (MIAC) and/or intraamniotic inflammation (IAI) in women with preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM). This retrospective cohort study included 182 singleton pregnant women with PPROM (23–33 weeks) who underwent amniocentesis. Plasma samples were analyzed using label-free liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry for proteome profiling using a nested case-control study design (cases with MIAC/IAI vs. non-MIAC/IAI controls [n = 9 each]). Three identified target molecules for MIAC/IAI were further verified by ELISA in the study cohort (n = 182). Shotgun proteomic analysis revealed 17 differentially expressed proteins (P < 0.05) in the plasma of MIAC/IAI cases. In particular, the levels of FCGR3A and haptoglobin, but not LRP1, were found to be increased in the plasma of patients with MIAC, IAI, and both MIAC/IAI compared with those without these conditions. Moreover, these differences remained significant after adjusting for gestational age at sampling. The area under the curves of plasma FCGR3A and haptoglobin ranged within 0.59–0.65 with respect to each of the three outcome measures. Plasma FCGR3A and haptoglobin were identified as potential independent biomarkers for non-invasively detecting MIAC/IAI in women with PPROM.
Facile Synthesis of Copper Oxide Micro/-nanostructures with prospective Insecticidal Activity on Fall Armyworm (Spodoptera Frugiperda)
Authors: Ayoub Haytham A. , Khairy Mohamed , El-Gepaly Hosam 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Nanotechnology provides innovative agrochemicals for improving crop production and quality by fabricating nanomaterial-based agrochemicals (i.e. nano-pesticides). The application of nano-pesticides in modern agriculture offers efficient programs for pest management. Herein, Copper oxide with flower-like structure (CuO-FLS) and rod-like structure (CuO-RLS) were synthesized via simple wet chemical methods and applied against Fall Armyworm (Spodoptera Frugiperda). The physicochemical properties of the synthesized CuO have a role in their insecticidal activity. The insecticidal activity for both is comparable without signifying differences between mortalities. CuO-FLS has a higher insecticidal effect (LC50 = 118.68 ppm) than CuO-RLS (LC50 = 134.95ppm).
Efficacy of Bitter Leaf (Vernonia amygdalina) Extract for Removal of Egg Adhesiveness During Artificial Propagation of African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus, Burchell 1822)
Authors: Ojebuola Timothy Okiki , Adebayo Olabode Thomas , Gbadamosi Oluyemi Kazeem 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The best immersion period and concentration of bitter leaf plant extract that can efficiently remove egg adhesiveness of Clarias gariepinus was assessed. One male and a female C. gariepinus broodstock weighing 1.3kg and 1.4kg respectively were used for the breeding. Three different concentrations comprising (0.5, 1 and 1.5) % of bitter leaf extract were tested. Tannic acid of 0.75g diluted into one liter of water was used as reference de-adhesion agent while water without solution or extract was used as control. The fish eggs were rinsed with the solutions at different durations of 30, 60, and 90 seconds. Each concentration and rinsing time were recorded in triplicates. Data generated were subjected to Analysis of Variance test, Tukey multiple range tests was used as a follow up procedure. Third order polynomial regression analysis was used to determine the best concentration and immersion period that neutralizes adhesiveness in eggs of C. gariepinus. The result of the study showed that there were no significant differences (p = 0.05) in the non-adhesive egg, percentage hatchability of eggs immersed in bitter leaf plant extract and tannic acid solution. The use of bitter leaf extract at the lowest concentration of 0.5% and 30 seconds immersion period showed great de-adhension efficiency which gave highest percentage fertility, non- adhesive eggs and percentage hatchability of 97.40%, 95.07% and 90.09% respectively.
IL-6, TNF-α genes, and long non-coding RNAs are targets for non-structural proteins NS1 and NS2 of Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus
Authors: Dudek Inga , Czerkies Maciej , Kwiatek Agnieszka 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus (HRSV) is one of the most prevalent respiratory viral pathogens among infants and toddlers under the age of two and the elderly. Two of eleven proteins of HRSV, non-structural proteins, NS1 and NS2, are not present in the viral particle but are the first to be translated during virus replication. Previous findings indicate a significant impact of NS proteins on the host immune response. Both NS proteins are linked with interferon signaling interference, efficiently blocking IFN-associated gene transcription and T-cell maturation by association with key proteins on the IFN-signaling pathway. Here, we demonstrated that viral non-structural proteins genes themselves cause differential expression of a number of human host genes, including those of cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6), a component of AP-1 transcription factor (FOSB), and long non-coding RNAs (MALAT1 and RP11-510N19.5). Thus, our results imply that NS proteins' impact goes beyond IFN-I signaling pathways and further into immune response regulation, especially in the case of lncRNA. It also provides new data on HRSV and host cell interplay and exposes viable and previously undiscussed ways of viral interference with the host immune system.