bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physical Environments for Active Schools: Future Directions for Transdisciplinary Research
Authors: Laboy Michelle 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT
The rise in childhood obesity coincides with children spending more of their formative years in child care or school environments, settings found to be strong predictors of children’s physical activity. Although most efforts focus on the social environment of the school, studies show there is potential to develop better evidence-based design guidelines for interventions in the physical environment that can afford more physical activity and support or complement other initiatives. In the context of the school, multiple studies long established that physical activity is correlated with time spent outside, but more recent studies found that the intentional design of outdoor spaces to have certain characteristics results in more participation of different groups and higher physical activity generally. However, there are many documented physical and social barriers to going outside, some of which could potentially be overcome through better design of the relationship between inside and outside, but there has been far less research into how the physical environment of the school building enables or hinders going outside in the first place. This article reviews and summarizes important findings in the literature that provide evidence of the effects that the physical environment of the school has on children’s health and resilience generally, and on their physical activity more specifically; presents field observations from research on the design of schools in Finland—one of the best school systems in the world in one of the most challenging climates with a strong tradition of outdoor learning and frequent time outside; and identifies gaps in knowledge and future directions for transdisciplinary research specifically focused on the design of active schools.
What did you do to stay ‘sane’ during the pandemic? A qualitative study to identify self-care mental health strategies utilized in a socially vulnerable population
Authors: Fischer Ronald , Bozza Beatriz , Victorino Carolina , Motta Marina , Arouca Luna , Bozza Fernando A. 
Published: July 2022

BackgroundMental health has deteriorated during the COVID-19 pandemic. These impacts are likely to be more severe in socially vulnerable communities. Previous research has identified useful self-help strategies that individuals may use to maintain and improve mental health. However, these studies have typically ignored economically and socially marginalized communities and have used researcher pre-defined practices. Little is known what activities or actions members of poor urban communities from low and middle income countries may utilize to take care of their mental health. MethodsDuring March and April 2021, we conducted open-ended interviews with 317 community members in Complexo de Favelas da Maré, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, one of the largest slum areas in South America. Individuals were interviewed in selected public spaces to provide a representative sample of the wider area. Our sample consisted of 178 (56.1%) cis women, 133 (41.9%) cis men, 3 (0.9%) trans men, and 3 (0.9%) classified themselves as other. The majority of participants had incomplete middle school or less (54.2%) and were between 30 and 60 years (54.1%). ResultsUsing thematic analysis, we identified eight major themes in the responses. The most common themes that emerged were work, leisure activities (including watching TV & physical exercise) and religion/prayer. These findings did not clearly align with previous mental health recommendations. Some results were noteworthy by their absence, e.g., cost-effective mental health practices such as yoga, meditation or mindfulness were not mentioned. Only 4 individuals reported consulting mental health professionals during the pandemic. ConclusionsOur findings highlight the need for better public health campaigns that disseminate information for effective mental health practices during acute crises, especially for communities that are most vulnerable during public health crises.
Fading-free Φ-OTDR evaluation based on the statistical analysis of phase hopping
Authors: Qian Heng , Luo Bin , He Haijun , Zhou Yin , Zou Xihua , Pan Wei , Yan Lianshan 
Published: July 2022

In phase-sensitive optical time domain reflectometry (Φ-OTDR), false phase peaks caused by interference fading have been observed experimentally; however, the statistical law has not yet been disclosed. In this work, after clarifying that the false phase peaks originate from the phase hopping of demodulated phase noise during the unwinding process, we define the phase hopping rate (PHR) to evaluate the degree of fading and study the quantitative relationship between the PHR and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the measured signal through theoretical derivation and experimental verification. In addition, a moving rotated-vector-average (MRVA) method is proposed to suppress the fading and eliminate the false phase peaks. In the experiment, after MRVA processing with a 25 ns sliding window, the lowest SNR is pulled from 0.003 to 14.9, and the corresponding PHR is reduced from 0.237 to less than 0.0001, which is consistent with the theoretical analysis.
Trapped in my inner prison—Cross-sectional examination of internal and external entrapment, hopelessness and suicidal ideation
Authors: Höller Inken , Kremers Amelie , Schreiber Dajana , Forkmann Thomas 
Published: July 2022

Background
Within the integrated motivational-volitional model of suicidal behavior, entrapment that consecutively leads to hopelessness is considered as a proximal risk factor for suicidal ideation. Entrapment can refer to both external and internal circumstances whereby results of recent studies indicate that internal entrapment plays a more important role than external entrapment in the development of suicidal ideation. It has been considered that to escape internal entrapment might be more complicated than to change external circumstances. However, it remains unclear whether the greater effect of internal entrapment on suicidal ideation is due to greater feelings of hopelessness. Therefore, the aim of this study was to address this research gap and to examine the effects of internal and external entrapment on hopelessness and suicidal ideation.

Methods
N = 454 participants from a community sample (75% female) aged between 18 and 73 years (M = 29.91, SD = 11.56) conducted a cross-sectional online survey. All participants were assessed for suicidal ideation, hopelessness, and internal as well as external entrapment. Pearson product-moment correlations and two mediation analyses were conducted.

Results
All constructs were significantly correlated. For both internal and external entrapment, an effect on suicidal ideation was found. Both effects were partially mediated by hopelessness, this mediation was larger for external entrapment. The completely standardized indirect effect used to compare the mediation models was larger for external entrapment than for internal entrapment.

Conclusions
Hopelessness mediated the association between external entrapment as well as internal entrapment and suicidal ideation. This effect was larger for external entrapment.
ICU strain and outcome in COVID-19 patients—A multicenter retrospective observational study
Authors: Demoule Alexandre , Fartoukh Muriel , Louis Guillaume , Azoulay Elie , Nemlaghi Safaa , Jullien Edouard , Desnos Cyrielle , Clerc Sebastien , Yvin Elise , Mellati Nouchan , Charron Cyril , Voiriot Guillaume , Picard Yoann , Vieillard-Baron Antoine , Darmon Michael 
Published: July 2022

Purpose
To compare the characteristics, management, and prognosis of patients admitted to intensive care units (ICU) for coronavirus disease (COVID)-19 during the first two waves of the outbreak and to evaluate the relationship between ICU strain (ICU demand due to COVID-19 admissions) and mortality.

Methods
In a multicentre retrospective study, 1166 COVID-19 patients admitted to five ICUs in France between 20 February and 31 December 2020 were included. Data were collected at each ICU from medical records. A Cox proportional-hazards model identified factors associated with 28-day mortality.

Results
640 patients (55%) were admitted during the first wave (February to June 2020) and 526 (45%) during the second wave (July to December 2020). ICU strain was lower during the second wave (-0.81 [-1.04 –-0.31] vs. 1.18 [-0.34–1.29] SD when compared to mean COVID-19 admission in each center during study period, P<0.001). Patients admitted during the second wave were older, had more profound hypoxemia and lower SOFA. High flow nasal cannula was more frequently used during the second wave (68% vs. 39%, P<0.001) and intubation was less frequent (46% vs. 69%, P<0.001). Neither 28-day mortality (30% vs. 26%, P = 0.12) nor hospital mortality (37% vs. 31%, P = 0.27) differed between first and second wave. Overweight and obesity were associated with lower 28-day mortality while older age, underlying chronic kidney disease, severity at ICU admission as assessed by SOFA score and ICU strain were associated with higher 28-day mortality. ICU strain was not associated with hospital mortality.

Conclusion
The characteristics and the management of patients varied between the first and the second wave of the pandemic. Rather than the wave, ICU strain was independently associated with 28-day mortality, but not with hospital mortality.
KEBIJAKAN KESEHATAN PUBLIK : UPAYA PENANGGULANGAN PENYAKIT MALARIA DI REPUBLIK TANZANIA
Authors: Hudaya Dhani S. , Sugandi Yogi Suprayogi 
Published: July 2022

Kebijakan publik sektor kesehatan hal yang sangat kompleks karena menyangkut hajat hidup orang banyak dan kepentingan masyarakat luas. Dalam perkembangan sistem kesehatan dunia, diperlukan kebijakan dari setiap negara untuk mengatasi permasalahan kesehatan. Salah satu penyakit yang mengancam kehidupan masyarakat dunia adalah penyakit Malaria.Sedangkan Negara Republik Tanzania merupakan salah satu negara yang memiliki masalah penyakit malaria yang menyebabkan banyak kematian. Namun kebijakan kesehatan dalam penanggulangan penyakit malaria mengalami kendala. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif yang bersifat deskriptif. Data diperoleh menggunakan data sekunder dengan studi literatur. Hasil analisis bahwa keterbatasan dan ketidakmampuan pemerintah dalam pengalokasian anggaran untuk kesehatan sehingga pemerintah tidak mampu menyediakan fasilitas kesehatan yang memadai dan dalam penanggulangan penyakit malaria di Tanzania sudah menunjukan keberhasilan salah satunya di wilayah Zanzibar, namun hal ini tidak terlepas dari keterlibatan negara asing baik melalui organisasi internasional dan NGO yang memegang peranan penting.Kata kunci : Kebijakan Kesehatan Publik, Penanggulangan Penyakit Malaria, Tanzania.
Activation of 2‐oxoglutarate receptor 1 (OXGR1) by α‐ketoglutarate (αKG) does not detectably stimulate Pendrin‐mediated anion exchange in Xenopus oocytes
Authors: Heneghan John F. , Majmundar Amar J. , Rivera Alicia , Wohlgemuth Jay G. , Dlott Jeffrey S. , Snyder L. Michael , Hildebrandt Friedhelm , Alper Seth L. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractSLC26A4/Pendrin is the major electroneutral Cl−/HCO3− exchanger of the apical membrane of the Type B intercalated cell (IC) of the connecting segment (CNT) and cortical collecting duct (CCD). Pendrin mediates both base secretion in response to systemic base load and Cl− reabsorption in response to systemic volume depletion, manifested as decreased nephron salt and water delivery to the distal nephron. Pendrin‐mediated Cl−/HCO3− exchange in the apical membrane is upregulated through stimulation of the β‐IC apical membrane G protein‐coupled receptor, 2‐oxoglutarate receptor 1 (OXGR1/GPR99), by its ligand α‐ketoglutarate (αKG). αKG is both filtered by the glomerulus and lumenally secreted by proximal tubule apical membrane organic anion transporters (OATs). OXGR1‐mediated regulation of Pendrin by αKG has been documented in transgenic mice and in isolated perfused CCD. However, aspects of the OXGR1 signaling pathway have remained little investigated since its original discovery in lymphocytes. Moreover, no ex vivo cellular system has been reported in which to study the OXGR1 signaling pathway of Type B‐IC, a cell type refractory to survival in culture in its differentiated state. As Xenopus oocytes express robust heterologous Pendrin activity, we investigated OXGR1 regulation of Pendrin in oocytes. Despite functional expression of OXGR1 in oocytes, co‐expression of Pendrin and OXGR1 failed to exhibit αKG‐sensitive stimulation of Pendrin‐mediated Cl−/anion exchange under a wide range of conditions. We conclude that Xenopus oocytes lack one or more essential molecular components or physical conditions required for OXGR1 to regulate Pendrin activity.
Evaluation of Mixed Reality Support for Bridge Inspectors Using BIM Data
Authors: Riedlinger Urs , Klein Florian , Hill Marcos , Lambracht Christian , Nieborowski Sonja , Holst Ralph , Bahlau Sascha , Oppermann Leif 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBridge inspectors work for the safety of our infrastructure and mobility. In regular intervals, they conduct structural inspections – a manual task with a long-lasting and firmly normed analogue tradition. In our collaborative research project, we developed Mixed Reality (MR) and Virtual Reality (VR) prototypes to support that work digitally. We propose a mixed analogue and digital workflow using Building Information Modeling (BIM) data that can be ready-to-hand for bridge inspectors during their work on-site at a bridge. In this paper, we describe the system and the evaluation results of our final MR demonstrator at a autobahn-bridge in Germany. We identified a need for a digital MR tool to support the bridge inspection in-situ. In general, this matches with the trend to bring the computer-supported office-work out into the real world. However, there are also challenges to consider, like lacking BIM data for existing bridges and structures, appropriate user-interfaces in this new application domain, or the need to adopt norms and guidelines for public tender. We argue to consider a user-centered design approach for future developments to best profit from the bridge inspectors’, as well as the MR- and CSCW-researchers expertise, and ultimately increase the acceptance of the developed information systems.
Evaluation of Priority-Dependent Notifications for Smart Glasses Based on Peripheral Visual Cues
Authors: Faulhaber Anja K. , Hoppe Moritz , Schmidt Ludger 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Smart glasses are increasingly commercialized and may replace or at least complement smartphones someday. Common smartphone features, such as notifications, should then also be available for smart glasses. However, notifications are of disruptive character given that even unimportant notifications frequently interrupt users performing a primary task. This often leads to distractions and performance degradation. Thus, we propose a concept for displaying notifications in the peripheral field of view of smart glasses and with different visualizations depending on the priority of the notification. We developed three icon-based notifications representing increasing priority: a transparent green icon continuously becoming more opaque (low priority), a yellow icon moving up and down (medium priority), and a red and yellow flashing icon (high priority). To evaluate the concept, we conducted a study with 24 participants who performed a primary task and should react to notifications at the same time using the Nreal Light smart glasses. The results showed that reaction times for the low-priority notification were significantly higher and it was ranked as the least distracting. The medium- and high-priority notifications did not show a clear difference in noticeability, distraction, or workload. We discuss implications of our results for the perception and visualization of notifications in the peripheral field of view of smart glasses and, more generally, for augmented reality applications.
A hybrid of Bees algorithm and regulatory on/off minimization for optimizing lactate and succinate production
Authors: Yong Mohd Izzat , Mohamad Mohd Saberi , Choon Yee Wen , Chan Weng Howe , Adli Hasyiya Karimah , Syazwan WSW Khairul Nizar , Yusoff Nooraini , Remli Muhammad Akmal 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Metabolic engineering has expanded in importance and employment in recent years and is now extensively applied particularly in the production of biomass from microbes. Metabolic network models have been employed extravagantly in computational processes developed to enhance metabolic production and suggest changes in organisms. The crucial issue has been the unrealistic flux distribution presented in prior work on rational modelling framework adopting Optknock and OptGene. In order to address the problem, a hybrid of Bees Algorithm and Regulatory On/Off Minimization (BAROOM) is used. By employing Escherichia coli as the model organism, the most excellent set of genes in E. coli that can be removed and advance the production of succinate can be decided. Evidences shows that BAROOM outperforms alternative strategies used to escalate in succinate production in model organisms like E. coli by selecting the best set of genes to be removed.
Artificial neural network for predicting the mechanical performance of additive manufacturing thermoset carbon fiber composite materials
Authors: Nawafleh Nashat , AL-Oqla Faris M. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Composites have been evolved rapidly due to their unique performance in comparison with other conventional materials, such as metals. Although additive manufacturing (AM) has attracted considerable attention in recent years to produce reinforced complex composite structures as in reinforced carbon fiber composites, it is difficult to control the fiber content concentration within the composites to obtain tailored materials properties, especially at high loads of fibers. In fact, high load of fibers usually leads to technical issues, such as nozzle clogging and fiber agglomeration that hinder the 3D printing process. Therefore, a customized artificial neural network (ANN) system was developed in this work to predict the mechanical characteristics of 3D printing thermoset carbon fiber composites at any carbon fiber concentration. The developed ANN system was consisting of three model techniques for predicting the bending stress as well as the flexural modulus of the thermoset carbon fiber composites, even when handling small experimental datasets. The system architecture contained connected artificial neurons governed by non-linear activation functions to enhance precise predictions. Various schemes of ANN models were utilized namely: 1-4-1, 1-4-8-1, and 1-4-8-12-1 models. The developed models have revealed various accuracy levels. However, the 1-4-8-12-1 model has demonstrated a very high level of predictions for the mechanical performance of the AM epoxy/carbon fiber composites. This would enhance predicting the performance of such composites in 3D printing with very minimal experimental work to optimize the fiber content for the desired overall mechanical performance.
Las formas de organización territorial de las organizaciones kirchneristas en una provincia argentina. El caso de Santiago del Estero (2005-2013)
Authors: Campos Hernán 
Published: July 2022

Se caracterizó el funcionamiento territorial de las organizaciones políticas como redes inscriptas en los barrios en el contexto de la consolidación delgobierno provincial y del Gobierno nacional kirchnerista en Santiago del Estero. Se interpretaron los modos locales de procesamiento de la política deorden nacional por parte de los sectores populares, considerando los espacios provinciales como territorios de producción de lo político. La pregunta del artículo es ¿cómo fue posible que organizaciones con referencia nacional estuvieran en territorios provinciales relacionándose y disputando recursosy apoyos políticos en los barrios o localidades nada menos que a las redes políticas del oficialismo provincial? Se desarrollaron entrevistas y registrosde observación en cuatro organizaciones kirchneristas: Movimiento Evita; La Cámpora; Federación, Tierra y Vivienda; Kolina.
Navigating inequities in the delivery of youth mental health care during the COVID-19 pandemic: perspectives of youth, families, and service providers
Authors: Kourgiantakis Toula , Markoulakis Roula , Hussain Amina , Lee Eunjung , Ashcroft Rachelle , Williams Charmaine , Lau Carrie , Goldstein Abby L. , Kodeeswaran Sugy , Levitt Anthony 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Objectives
There have been concerns about the adverse effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on Canadian youth (aged 16–24) as they have the highest rates of mental health concerns. The objectives of the present study were to explore the experiences of youth with mental health and/or addiction concerns and their families during the pandemic, and to examine how adequate and equitable mental health services have been for youth and families from the perspectives of youth, parents, and service providers.

Methods
Using a descriptive qualitative research design and a university–community partnership, we conducted individual interviews with youth, parents, and service providers. The study involved a total of 25 participants (n=15 service users, n=10 service providers). Among the service users, 11 participants were parents and four were youth. We used thematic analysis to analyze interview data.

Results
The thematic analysis identified three themes in the data: (1) youth mental health concerns have increased, whereas supports have decreased, (2) families end up being the treatment team with increased burden, little support, and lack of recognition, and (3) inadequate and inequitable mental health services for youth and families are amplified during the pandemic.

Conclusion
At a time when mental health needs were higher, the mental health care system offered less support to youth and their families. For a more equitable response to the pandemic, we need an accessible and integrated mental health care system that shows a commitment to addressing social determinants and reducing health disparities and inequities in access to mental health services.
The Effect of an educational Intervention on Anxiety of Pregnant Women: A Quasi-Experimental Study
Authors: Pouryousef Sajad , Jahromi Marzieh Kargar , Yeganeh Sedigheh , Rouhandeh Rouhollah , Paki Somayeh , Jokar Mozhgan 
Published: July 2022

Objective. The aim of study is the effect of educational intervention on anxiety of pregnant women.
Methods. This quasi-experimental study is done on the pregnant women referring to family physician’s offices in Gerash City, Iran. 62 women were selected and divided into 2 groups (control and intervention). In intervention group the anxiety reduction training classes were held as a group discussion in 4 weekly 90-minute sessions. Control group received routine care. The anxiety assessment completed by two groups before and after the educational intervention. The measurement instruments included a demographic information questionnaire and the short form of the Pregnancy Related Anxiety Questionnaire (PRAQ-17).
Results. Comparison of the mean scores of different dimensions of pregnancy anxiety in the pre-intervention and post-intervention stages in the intervention group using paired t-test indicated a statistically significant difference in the dimensions Fear of childbirth, Fear of giving birth to a physically or mentally disabled child, Fear of mood swings and Fear of changes in marital relations (p < 0.05) in comparison with control group.
Conclusion. Holding pregnancy-training classes using group discussion method is a good strategy to reduce anxiety in pregnant women. Therefore, it is recommended that this educational strategy classes be used with mothers from the second trimester of pregnancy in urban family physician centers or those referred to a nearby clinic.