bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MeerKAT’s view of double radio relic galaxy cluster Abell 3376
Authors: Chibueze James O , Akamatsu Hiroki , Parekh Viral , Sakemi Haruka , Ohmura Takumi , van Rooyen Ruby , Akahori Takuya , Nakanishi Hiroyuki , Machida Mami , Takeuchi Tsutomu T , Smirnov Oleg , Kleiner Dane , Maccagni Filippo M 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
We present the initial results of our MeerKAT L-band observations of Abell 3376. We achieved higher (5″) angular resolution and better (∼4 μ Jy beam−1) sensitivity compared to the previous observations. Our achieved sensitivity is only a factor of 2 larger than the thermal noise of MeerKAT. Astrometric and flux comparison of discrete compact sources in the field between MeerKAT and the Very Large Array (VLA) indicated that our calibration procedures were successful. We detected West and East relics, and radio galaxies, which have been observed in previous works. With minimal missing flux problem in our MeerKAT observations, we derived the spectral indices of the West relic (−1.22 ± 0.05), East relic (−1.33 ± 0.08) and central radio galaxies (−0.94 ± 0.05). The improved images revealed faint, extending radio arcs for relics, and connection between the East relic and radio galaxies. It is probable that (at least some of) the re-accelerated electrons of the East relic are supplied by the jets of the radio galaxies. No significant diffuse radio emission was found in cluster central part, supporting previous works with a much better upper limit of radio flux of &lt;1.8 × 1023 W Hz−1.
SKIP Regulates ABA Signaling through Alternative Splicing in Arabidopsis
Authors: Zhang Qi , Zhang Wei , Wei Jianbo , Gao Zhaoxu , Guan Jianing , Cui Zhibo , Wang Xiaoxue 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Abscisic acid (ABA) plays key roles in plant development and responses to abiotic stresses. A wide number of transcriptional and posttranslational regulatory mechanisms of ABA signaling are known; however, less is known about the regulatory roles of alternative splicing. In this work, we found that SKIP, a splicing factor, positively regulates ABA signaling. SKIP binds to the pre-mRNA of ABA signaling-related genes, such as PYL7, PYL8, ABI1, HAB1 and ABI5, to regulate their splicing. The precursor mRNA alternative splicing of several PYL receptors, PP2C phosphatases and ABF transcriptional factors is disrupted by the skip-1 mutation. The abnormal alternative splicing in skip-1 represses the expression of ABA-positive regulators, including PYLs and ABFs, and activates the expression of ABA-negative regulators, such as PP2Cs, which confers ABA hyposensitive phenotype of skip-1. We also found that ABA-mediated genome-wide alternative splicing and differential gene expression are changed by the skip-1 mutation. The number of the differential splicing events is increased by skip-1; however, the number of differential expressed genes in response to ABA is reduced by skip-1. Our results reveal a principle on how a splicing factor regulates ABA signaling and ABA-mediated genome-wide alternative splicing.
CONSTITUTIVE EXPRESSER OF PATHOGENESIS-RELATED GENES 5 is an RNA-binding protein controlling plant immunity via an RNA processing complex
Authors: Peng Shun , Guo Dongbei , Guo Yuan , Zhao Heyu , Mei Jun , Han Yakun , Guan Rui , Wang Tianhua , Song Teng , Sun Keke , Liu Yunhan , Mao Ting , Chang Huan , Xue Jingshi , Cai Yingfan , Chen Dong , Wang Shui 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Plant innate immunity is capable of combating diverse and ever evolving pathogens. The plasticity of innate immunity could be boosted by RNA processing. Arabidopsis thaliana CONSTITUTIVE EXPRESSER OF PATHOGENESIS-RELATED GENES 5 (CPR5), a key negative immune regulator, is a component of the nuclear pore complex. Here we further identified CPR5 as a component of RNA processing complexes. Through genetic screening, we found that RNA splicing activator NineTeen Complex and RNA polyadenylation factor CLEAVAGE AND POLYADENYLATION SPECIFICITY FACTOR, coordinately function downstream of CPR5 to activate plant immunity. CPR5 and these two regulators form a complex that is localized in nuclear speckles, an RNA processing organelle. Intriguingly, we found that CPR5 is an RNA-binding protein belonging to the Transformer 2 (Tra2) subfamily of the serine/arginine-rich family. The RNA recognition motif of CPR5 protein binds the Tra2-targeted RNA sequence in vitro and is functionally replaceable by those of Tra2 subfamily proteins. In planta, it binds RNAs of CPR5-regulated alternatively spliced genes (ASGs) identified by RNA-seq. ARGONAUTE 1 (AGO1) is one of the ASGs and, consistent with this, the ago1 mutant suppresses the cpr5 phenotype. These findings reveal that CPR5 is an RNA-binding protein linking RNA processing with plant immunity.
The CCCH zinc finger protein C3H15 negatively regulates cell elongation by inhibiting brassinosteroid signaling
Authors: Chai Guohua , Qi Guang , Wang Dian , Zhuang Yamei , Xu Hua , Bai Zetao , Bai Ming-Yi , Hu Ruibo , Wang Zeng-yu , Zhou Gongke , Kong Yingzhen 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Plant CCCH proteins participate in the control of multiple developmental and adaptive processes, but the regulatory mechanisms underlying these processes are not well known. In this study, we showed that the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) CCCH protein C3H15 negatively regulates cell elongation by inhibiting brassinosteroid (BR) signaling. Genetic and biochemical evidence showed that C3H15 functions downstream of the receptor BR INSENSITIVE 1 (BRI1) as a negative regulator in the BR pathway. C3H15 is phosphorylated by the GLYCOGEN SYNTHASE KINASE 3 -like kinase BR-INSENSITIVE 2 (BIN2) at Ser111 in the cytoplasm in the absence of BRs. Upon BR perception, C3H15 transcription is enhanced, and the phosphorylation of C3H15 by BIN2 is reduced. The dephosphorylated C3H15 protein accumulates in the nucleus, where C3H15 regulates transcription via G-rich elements (typically GGGAGA). C3H15 and BRASSINAZOLE RESISTANT 1 (BZR1)/BRI1-EMS-SUPPRESSOR 1 (BES1), two central transcriptional regulators of BR signaling, directly suppress each other and share a number of BR-responsive target genes. Moreover, C3H15 antagonizes BZR1 and BES1 to regulate the expression of their shared cell elongation-associated target gene, SMALL AUXIN-UP RNA 15 (SAUR15). This study demonstrates that C3H15-mediated BR signaling may be parallel to, or even attenuate, the dominant BZR1 and BES1 signaling pathways to control cell elongation. This finding expands our understanding of the regulatory mechanisms underlying BR-induced cell elongation in plants.
Cultivating health policy capacity through network governance in New Zealand: learning from divergent stories of policy implementation
Authors: Tenbensel Tim , Silwal Pushkar Raj 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Wu, Howlett, and Ramesh’s understanding of policy capacity has been used to identify generalizable strengths and weaknesses of specific jurisdictions and policy sectors such as health. In an extension of this work, Howlett and Ramesh have argued that the mode of governance of a policy sector accentuates the importance of specific elements of policy capacity. In this paper we focus on the implementation of the System Level Measures Framework (SLMF) in New Zealand that has been specifically focused on health systems improvement and which aimed to do so by fostering network governance at the local level. However, this policy is introduced in a context in which there has been significant contestation regarding which mode of governance—network or hierarchy—is dominant in New Zealand health policy. By exploring three divergent local cases of implementation of the SLMF we develop three arguments that contribute to the literature on policy capacity and health. Firstly, local histories of interorganizational play a crucial role in shaping health policy capacity. Secondly, it is crucially important to understand the dynamics and feedback loops between operational, political, and analytical policy capacity. Network and hierarchical governance are characterized by distinct and contrasting understandings of the content of policy capacity elements and of the way in which they are dynamically related. Thirdly, the key challenge in developing policy capacity compatible with network governance is how to facilitate this capacity when connections between operational, political, and analytical policy capacity fail to fire.
What helps people to reduce or stop self-harm? A systematic review and meta-synthesis of first-hand accounts
Authors: Brennan Cathy A , Crosby Helen , Sass Cara , Farley Kate L , Bryant Louise D , Rodriquez-Lopez Rocio , Romeu Daniel , Mitchell Elizabeth , House Allan O , Guthrie Else 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundSelf-harm is an important public health problem but therapeutic interventions, particularly for people who have a history of multiple repetition, are not always taken up or effective when they are. The aim of this review is to explore first-hand accounts of what helps outside therapy and identify actions and processes, which can support the reduction or cessation of self-harm.MethodsA systematic review and thematic meta-synthesis of the first-person accounts of what has helped to reduce or stop self-harm reported in primary studies.ResultsThe meta-synthesis combined 546 participant excerpts from 56 studies. Two over-arching themes were identified: (i) breaking the chain incorporated actions taken to break the link between a person’s current psychological or social state and the act of self-harm and (ii) building a new foundation for change captured actions over the longer-term, focusing on practical changes in relationships and in a person’s way of life, such as work or living arrangements.ConclusionsThe results emphasize the importance of interpersonal change in reducing or stopping self-harm. While interpersonal factors are acknowledged as important reasons behind self-harm, they are often under-represented in self-management advice and therapeutic interventions that focus on individual psychopathology.
Sarilumab reduces disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis patients with inadequate response to janus kinase inhibitors or tocilizumab in regular care in Germany
Authors: Tony Hans-Peter , Feist Eugen , Aries Peer Malte , Zinke Silke , Krüger Klaus , Ahlers Jonas , Albrecht Inka , Barrionuevo Christian , Kalus Stefanie , Burkhardt Harald 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectivesThe aim was to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of sarilumab in RA patients after inadequate response (IR) to janus kinase inhibitors (JAKi) and tocilizumab.MethodsThe prospective, observational, 24-month single-arm PROSARA study (SARILL08661) is currently running in Germany at 96 sites. RA patients were prospectively selected at the physician’s discretion according to label. This interim analysis included 536 patients over a treatment course of ≤6 months. Patients were stratified in four groups according to pretreatment before the start of sarilumab therapy: last prior treatment JAKi (JAKi-IR); last prior treatment tocilizumab (tocilizumab-IR); any other biological DMARD (bDMARD) in treatment history (bDMARD TH); and patients who had not received any bDMARDs or targeted synthetic (ts) DMARDs (b/tsDMARD naive) before.ResultsFor this preplanned interim analysis, 536 patients were included in the baseline population, of whom 502 patients had at least one corresponding post-baseline effectiveness assessment documented (main analysis population). In all analysed cohorts, safety was consistent with the anticipated profile of sarilumab, without new safety signals. Six months of sarilumab treatment attenuated disease activity in JAKi-IR, tocilizumab-IR, bDMARD TH and b/tsDMARD-naive patients to a very similar extent. Physical function did not change substantially over the course of treatment. Rates of premature study discontinuation were comparable between cohorts.ConclusionSarilumab treatment was effective in patients with IR to JAKi and tocilizumab, with an expectable safety profile and drug retention over 6 months. Confirmation of these promising results should encourage further studies on this treatment sequence, which is of high practical relevance.Study registrationPaul-Ehrlich-Institut—Federal Institute for Vaccine and Biomedics, SARILL08661.
Passive-Aggressive Trading: The Supply and Demand of Liquidity by Mutual Funds
Authors: Christoffersen Susan K , Keim Donald B , Musto David K , Rzeźnik Aleksandra 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Active mutual funds supply liquidity when demanding it becomes uneconomical. They tilt toward cheaper buy trades after inflows deplete their trading ideas, when trading ideas in general run low, and when they have more stocks to supply liquidity to, and their cheaper trades perform worse. Their largest trades are more likely to supply liquidity, explaining why they were not broken up. Funds perform better when they pay more for their buys and perform worse when they pay more for their sells, consistent with the implied value of the trades and the correlation between what a fund trades and what it holds.
VARIATION IN RADIATION DOSE RATES FROM RADIONUCLIDES DISCHARGED BY THE SPENT NUCLEAR FUEL REPROCESSING PLANT IN ROKKASHO UNDER DIFFERENT YEARLY WEATHER CONDITIONS
Authors: Abe K , Oshima K , Chiang J H , Suwa H , Hisamatsu S 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The radiation dose rate from radionuclides released by the spent nuclear fuel reprocessing plant in Rokkasho, Japan, was assessed for a year specified in the safety review during which the weather conditions were not significantly different from those of the other 10 y. However, the actual year-by-year variation in annual radiation dose rate was not examined. A model system for evaluating the dose rate from the radionuclides released into the atmosphere was constructed. In this study, the radiation dose rate in the weather conditions of 24 weather bins was estimated for a standard year by the model. The annual maximum dose rate from 1959 to 2012 was estimated using a simplified method that integrated the dose rates of each weather bin in the standard year by estimating the annual frequency of the bin in the target year. We obtained ~1.3 as the maximum/minimum ratio of the annual maximum dose rate.
Achieving regulatory legitimacy in volatile institutional contexts: the case of Russian non-profits
Authors: Ljubownikow Sergej , Crotty Jo 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This article examines organizational legitimacy within a volatile socio-political context. Drawing on qualitative data from non-profit organizations (NPOs) in the Russian Federation, we explore the question of how organizations gain regulatory legitimacy in such an uncertain and hostile socio-political context. Our study highlights that in such a context, the state often fails to grant regulatory legitimacy to NPOs. In response, NPOs seek to achieve regulatory legitimacy via symbolic acts and supplement these with a range of substantive activities. Such actions help demonstrate organizational effectiveness to the government and generate trust with individuals in the regional state apparatus. We show that regulatory legitimacy requires a more nuanced examination in contexts that make it difficult for organizations to routinize its attainment. Thus, our article contributes to legitimacy theory by exploring how key aspects of organizational legitimacy are conditioned and constituted by the socio-political context.
The national-populist mutation of neoliberalism in dependent economies: the case of Viktor Orbán’s Hungary
Authors: Scheiring Gábor 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
This article offers a new conceptual framework to analyze the national-populist mutation of neoliberalism in foreign investment-dependent economies. By extending the emerging literature on the mutation of neoliberalism, the article challenges the conventional view of populism as a revolt against liberal capitalism and businesses. Following theory-testing process tracing, the article substantiates this theoretical framework through a detailed mixed-method study of the strategic test case of Viktor Orbán’s Hungary. Utilizing new empirical material on businesses and policymakers, the article shows how the polarization of the business class rooted in global dependency structures, in interaction with a rising group of nationalist technocrats, has contributed to the national-populist mutation of neoliberalism. National-populist neoliberalism entails a new power bloc, a new compromise between national and transnational capital. It has preserved the core tenets of neoliberalism while modifying some of its peripheral elements and cutting back on avant-garde excesses to ensure the political viability of neoliberalism.
Trends in development of the beneficial ownership concept in Russian case law
Authors: Koretnikova Ekaterina 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
As the concepts of trust and beneficial ownership are unknown in Russian civil law, legal practitioners frequently encounter difficulties while they try to recognise and enforce the rights of beneficial owners or their creditors. The study analyses the main approaches to understanding of beneficial ownership in the private law of the Russian Federation. It has been concluded that due to the lack of normative regulation, the concept of beneficial ownership is understood through the lens of public law regulations: tax as well as anti-money laundering and countering the financing of terrorism legislation in most court decisions. The author also suggests some solutions to resolve the issues.
Systemic effects ofTuber melanosporuminoculation in twoCorylus avellanagenotypes
Authors: Sillo Fabiano , Brunetti Cecilia , Marroni Fabio , Vita Federico , dos Santos Nascimento Luana Beatriz , Vizzini Alfredo , Mello Antonietta , Balestrini Raffaella 
Published: February 2022

AbstractRoots of the European hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.), i.e., one of the most economically important nut species, form symbiosis with ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi, including truffles. Although physical interactions only occur in roots, the presence of mycorrhizal fungi can lead to metabolic changes at a systemic level, i.e., in leaves. However, how root colonization by ECM fungi modifies these processes in the host plant has so far not been widely studied. This work aimed to investigate the response in two C. avellana genotypes, focusing on leaves from plants inoculated with the black truffle Tuber melanosporum Vittad. Transcriptomic profiles of leaves of colonized plants were compared with those of non-colonized plants, as well as sugar and polyphenolic content. Results suggested that T. melanosporum has the potential to support plants in stressed conditions, leading to the systemic regulation of several genes involved in signaling and defense responses. Although further confirmation is needed, our results open new perspectives for future research aimed to highlight novel aspects in ECM symbiosis.
Pregnancy and Labor Epidural Effects on Gastric Emptying: A Prospective Comparative Study
Authors: Bouvet Lionel , Schulz Thomas , Piana Federica , Desgranges François-Pierrick , Chassard Dominique 
Published: February 2022

Background
The lack of reliable data on gastric emptying of solid food during labor has led to some discrepancies between current guidelines regarding fasting for solid food in the parturient. This prospective comparative study aimed to test the hypothesis that the gastric emptying fraction of a light meal would be reduced in parturients receiving epidural analgesia and with no labor analgesia compared with nonpregnant and pregnant women.

Methods
Ten subjects were enrolled and tested in each group: nonpregnant women, term pregnant women, parturients with no labor analgesia, and parturients with epidural labor analgesia. After a first ultrasound examination was performed to ensure an empty stomach, each subject ingested a light meal (125 g yogurt; 120 kcal) within 5 min. Then ultrasound measurements of the antral area were performed at 15, 60, 90, and 120 min. The fraction of gastric emptying at 90 min was calculated as [(antral area90 min / antral area15 min) – 1] × 100, and half-time to gastric emptying was also determined. For the Parturient–Epidural group, the test meal was ingested within the first hour after the induction of epidural analgesia.

Results
The median (interquartile range) fraction of gastric emptying at 90 min was 52% (46 to 61), 45% (31 to 56), 7% (5 to 10), and 31% (17 to 39) for nonpregnant women, pregnant women, parturients without labor analgesia, and parturients with labor epidural analgesia, respectively (P < 0.0001). The fraction of gastric emptying at 90 min was statistically significant and lower in the Parturient–Epidural group than in the Nonpregnant and Pregnant Control groups. In addition, the fraction of gastric emptying at 90 min was statistically significant and lower in the Parturient–No-Epidural group than in the Parturient–Epidural group.

Conclusions
Gastric emptying in parturients after a light meal was delayed, and labor epidural analgesia seems not to worsen but facilitates gastric emptying. This should be taken into consideration when allowing women in labor to consume a light meal.

Editor’s Perspective

What We Already Know about This Topic

What This Article Tells Us That Is New
Ending the HIV epidemic for all, not just some: structural racism as a fundamental but overlooked social-structural determinant of the US HIV epidemic
Authors: Bowleg Lisa , Malekzadeh Arianne N. , Mbaba Mary , Boone Cheriko A. 
Published: February 2022

Purpose of review
We review the recent theoretical and empirical literature on structural racism, social determinants of health frameworks within the context of HIV prevention and treatment, and criticism of the national responses to the US epidemic.

Recent findings
In line with growing mainstream attention to the role of structural racism and health inequities, recent editorials and studies cite ending structural racism as an essential step to ending the US HIV epidemic. Recent studies demonstrate that barriers rooted in structural racism such as incarceration, housing instability, police discrimination, neighborhood disadvantage, health service utilization and community violence, and poor or no access to social services, transportation, and childcare, are barriers to HIV prevention. Recent articles also criticize national responses to HIV such as the ending the HIV epidemic (EHE) and National HIV/AIDS Strategy plans for failing to address structural racism and prioritize community engagement in EHE efforts.

Summary
Collectively, the articles in this review highlight a growing consensus that the US has no real chance of EHE for all, absent a meaningful and measurable commitment to addressing structural racism and intersectional discrimination as core determinants of HIV, and without more equitable engagement with community-based organizations and communities disproportionately affected by HIV.