bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A pilot study to investigate real-time digital alerting from wearable sensors in surgical patients
Authors: Joshi Meera , Ashrafian Hutan , Arora Sonal , Sharabiani Mansour , McAndrew Kenny , Khan Sadia N. , Cooke Graham S. , Darzi Ara 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Continuous vital sign monitoring may identify changes sooner than current standard monitoring.

Objective
To investigate if the use of real-time digital alerts sent to healthcare staff can improve the time taken to identify unwell patients and those with sepsis.

Design
A prospective cohort study design.

Setting
West Middlesex University Hospital, UK.

Participants
Fifty acutely unwell surgical patients admitted to hospital.

Intervention
Patients wore a lightweight wearable sensor measuring heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR) and temperature every 2 min whilst standard intermittent ward monitoring of vital signs was performed by nurses. Digital alerts were sent to healthcare staff from the sensor to a smartphone device. All alerts were reviewed for recruited patients to identify the exact time on the sensor in which deterioration occurred. The time to acknowledgement was then reviewed for each action and an average time to acknowledgement calculated.

Results
There were 50 patients recruited in the pilot study, of which there were vital sign alerts in 18 patients (36%). The total number of vital sign alerts generated in these 18 patients was 51. Of these 51 alerts, there were 7 alerts for high HR (13.7%), 33 for RR (64.7%) and 11 for temperature (21.6%). Out of the 27 acknowledged alerts, there were 2 alerts for HR, 17 for RR and 8 for temperature. The average time to staff acknowledgement of the notification for all alerts was 154 min (2.6 h).
There were some patients which had shown signs of deterioration in the cohort. The frequency of routine observation monitoring was increased in 2 cases, 3 patients were referred to a senior clinician and 2 patients were initiated on the sepsis pathway.

Conclusion
This study demonstrates the evaluation of digital alerts to nurses in real time. Although not all alerts were acknowledged, deterioration on the ward observations was detected and actions were taken accordingly. Patients were started on the sepsis pathway and escalation to senior clinicians occurred. Further research is required to review why only some alerts were acknowledged and the effects of digital alerting on patient outcomes.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04638738
Correlation between self-efficacy, fear of movement, empowerment, enablement, and number of visits to physiotherapist among patients with musculoskeletal disorders in primary health care: a feasibility study
Authors: Törnblom Madelene , Hansson Eva Ekvall 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Musculoskeletal disorders are a costly burden for health care and social care services. Patients with musculoskeletal disorders are often treated by physiotherapists in primary health care. Psychosocial variables can be a significant obstacle to recovering from musculoskeletal injuries.
The primary aim of this pilot study was to assess the feasibility of performing a prospective study investigating whether self-efficacy, fear of movement, empowerment, or enablement has any relation to the number of visits to physiotherapists among patients with a musculoskeletal disorder in primary health care.

Methods
Prospective study with a consecutive selection including eleven female and eight male patients age ranged between 22 and 82 years old seeking physiotherapist for the first time for a musculoskeletal disorder in primary health care. Primary outcome measures included operational and practical feasibility regarding recruitment of participants, use of questionnaires, and key variables to be collected as part of the study. Secondary outcomes included the correlation between self-efficacy (Exercise Self-Efficacy Scale (ESES-S)), fear of movement (Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK-SV)), empowerment (Making Decisions Scale), enablement (Patient Enablement Instrument (PEI)), and the number of visits to physiotherapists. Statistical analysis was done using IBM SPSS statistics version 28 with analysis of correlation using Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient.

Results
Nineteen patients accepted to participate in the study and were included in the final analysis. Between 14 and 18 completed questionnaires were included.
There was a statistically significant correlation between the number of visits to the physiotherapist and self-efficacy, rho=0.692 and p=0.006.

Conclusion
The results of the study showed that the design is feasible in terms of recruitment of participants and use of questionnaires. New variables to collect in a large-scale study were identified. In a large-scale study, attention needs to be focused on the improvement of the number of completed questionnaires. The results of this study indicate that the present care of patients with a low level of self-efficacy is not optimal.
Stigma, psychosocial and economic effects of yaws in the Philippines: an exploratory, qualitative study
Authors: Dofitas Belen Lardizabal , Kalim Sherjan P. , Toledo Camille B. , Richardus Jan Hendrik 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Yaws is a chronic, non-venereal, highly contagious skin and bone infection affecting children living in impoverished, remote communities and caused by Treponema pallidum subspecie pertenue. Social stigma and economic losses due to yaws have been reported anecdotally in the Southern Philippines but have not been well-documented.

Objective
To describe and compare the psychological, social, and economic effects of yaws from the perspective of patients, contacts, and key informants in two areas of the Philippines.

Materials and methods
Yaws and contacts were identified through clinicoseroprevalence surveys conducted in the Liguasan Marsh area, Mindanao, Southern Philippines in 2017 and among the Aetas, an indigenous people community in Quezon province, Luzon region in 2020. Skin examinations and serologic tests confirmed the diagnosis of active, latent, or past yaws among the children and adults. Trained health personnel conducted in-depth interviews of those affected by yaws and their guardians, household contacts, and key informants, such as health workers regarding their perceptions, feelings, health-seeking behaviors, and effects of yaws on their lives.

Results
A total of 26 participants were interviewed: 17 from Mindanao and 9 from Luzon. Aside from the physical discomforts and embarrassment, yaws was considered stigmatizing in Mindanao, because positive non-treponemal tests or treponemal antibody tests were associated with syphilis and promiscuity. These have led to loss of employment and income opportunities for adults with latent or past yaws. In contrast, the Aetas of Luzon did not perceive yaws as stigmatizing, because it was a common skin problem. Plantar yaws interfered with the Aeta’s gold panning livelihood due to the pain of wounds.

Conclusions
Yaws is not merely a chronic skin and bone disease. It can lead to significant psychosocial and economic problems as well. Yaws is a generally forgotten disease in the Philippines. There is no yaws surveillance and control program. Treatments are not readily available for the populations affected, thus perpetuating the infection and negative effects.

Significance of study
This is the first study to document the psychosocial and economic effects of yaws among Filipinos. Information campaigns about yaws and a yaws control program are needed to reduce stigma and discrimination.
Evaluating the value of a 3D printed model for hands-on training of gynecological pelvic examination
Authors: Kiesel Matthias , Beyers Inga , Kalisz Adam , Wöckel Achim , Quenzer Anne , Schlaiß Tanja , Wulff Christine , Diessner Joachim 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Simulation in the field of gynecological pelvic examination with educational purposes holds great potential. In the current manuscript we evaluate a 3D printed model of the female pelvis, which improves practical teaching of the gynecological pelvic examination for medical staff.

Methods
We evaluated the benefit of a 3D printed model of the female pelvis (Pelvisio®) as part of a seminar (“skills training”) for teaching gynecological examination to medical students. Each student was randomly assigned to Group A or B by picking a ticket from a box. Group A underwent the skills training without the 3D printed model. Group B experienced the same seminar with integration of the model. Both groups evaluated the seminar by answering five questions on Likert scales (1–10, 1 = “very little” or “very poor”, 10 equals “very much” or “very good”). Additionally, both groups answered three multiple-choice questions concerning pelvic anatomy (Question 6 to 8). Finally, Group B evaluated the 3D printed model with ten questions (Question 9 to 18, Likert scales, 1–10).

Results
Two of five questions concerning the students’ satisfaction with the seminar and their gained knowledge showed statistically significant better ratings in Group B (6.7 vs. 8.2 points and 8.1 vs. 8.9 points (p < 0.001 and p < 0.009). The other three questions showed no statistically significant differences between the traditional teaching setting vs. the 3D printed model (p < 0.411, p < 0.344 and p < 0.215, respectively). The overall mean score of Question 1 to 5 showed 8.4 points for Group B and 7.8 points for Group A (p < 0.001). All three multiple-choice questions, asking about female pelvic anatomy, were answered more often correctly by Group B (p < 0.001, p < 0.008 and p < 0.001, respectively). The mean score from the answers to Questions 9 to 18, only answered by Group B, showed a mean of 8.6 points, indicating, that the students approved of the model.

Conclusion
The presented 3D printed model Pelvisio® improves the education of female pelvic anatomy and examination for medical students. Hence, training this pivotal examination can be supported by a custom designed anatomical model tailored for interactive and explorative learning.
The Foreignizing Crime Novel: Anatomy of a Publishing Phenomenon
Authors: Gulddal Jesper 
Published: July 2022

AbstractOne of the most important trends in contemporary crime fiction is the proliferation and commercial success of crime novels written in English but set in foreign places and featuring foreign detectives—that is, the rise of the foreignizing crime novel. In spite of its prominence in the marketplace, the foreignizing crime novel has so far not been subjected to detailed analysis and has not been recognized as a distinctive crime fiction subgenre defined by its specific form of transnationalism. With the aim of addressing this knowledge gap, this essay offers a critical analysis of the foreignizing crime novel in four steps. Following a definitional discussion of the various contemporary forms of transnational crime fiction (1), it outlines the results of a mapping exercise that shows the distribution of “target” countries in primarily British and American foreignizing crime fiction; the purpose of this mapping is to provide an overview of the format and gain a preliminary understanding of its underlying logics (2). The next step is an analysis of textual characteristics (3). Despite being underappreciated and sometimes reviled by critics, the foreignizing crime novel is in fact, as this analysis shows, a complex narrative form that embodies some of the key questions of contemporary crime fiction research—questions about, for example, the role of place; the relationship between the local, the national, and the global; and the transnational horizon of contemporary crime writing. By way of conclusion, the essay argues that the foreignizing crime novel occupies a paradoxical position between two opposite valences: it is at the same time an instance of cultural appropriation and a genuine and distinctive form of world literature (4).
Beyond Tragedy
Authors: Joseph-Gabriel Annette K. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis study explores the relationship between past and future in neo-slave narratives that feature Black girl protagonists. Marlon James’s The Book of Night Women tells the story of six enslaved women and their youngest recruit Lilith, as they organize a slave revolt in Jamaica at the end of the eighteenth century. In Rosalie l’infâme, Evelyne Trouillot traces the legacy of women’s resistance in Saint Domingue through the eyes of her young protagonist Lisette in this same period. James and Trouillot examine Black girls’ coming of age through collective intergenerational acts of resistance that reappear throughout their texts as a cyclical and irreversible momentum toward freedom. This narrative framing challenges retrospective readings of slave revolts as always doomed to failure and encourages readers to reflect on the possibilities that each of these moments held, to create new futures by destabilizing the foundational laws of slave societies.
La Reina de la Fusión
Authors: Quinn Rachel Afi 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Afro-Dominican singer-songwriter Xiomara Fortuna has enjoyed a career that spanned more than four decades and shaped the work of a new generation of Dominican musicians. In March 2017 she was bestowed a presidential award of honor and she accepted it barefoot, making a clear statement about her values and where she sees herself fitting in Dominican society. Drawn from three separate interviews conducted with Fortuna in Santo Domingo in July 2016, augmented by her extensive internet archive, this article frames a transcribed and translated testimonio that captures some of Fortuna’s experiences while coming of age in the Dominican Republic in the late twentieth century. While much of Dominican society’s African cultural history has been actively obscured by the ruling class, Fortuna has long celebrated Afro-Dominican culture through her life’s work and her identity has shaped how she has navigated a neoliberal society as a black artist. Her insights provide an essential piece of Dominican historiography that includes Dominican youth organizing on the Left in the 1980s and 1990s, feminist activism, and cultural production.
Signifying Sistas
Authors: Bailey Constance 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
This article explores the evolution of Black women’s humor from its historic origins to its contemporary manifestations. The author argues that Black women humorists, including Zora Neale Hurston, the Queens of Comedy, and comediennes on A Black Lady Sketch Show, interrogate the daily and varied oppressions that Black women face. In doing so, they reveal not only the intersectional nature of Black female comedy but also the previously unexplored political aspects of Black women’s humor.
Apologizing to Chavers
Authors: Williams Jennifer 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
On social media platforms such as Twitter and Instagram, Black women create counternarratives to reclaim ownership of their representation from the anti-Black and misogynistic mainstream media. One example of their efforts is the proliferation of the hashtag #Blackgirlmagic, which has become a device to herald Black women’s unseen accomplishments. When Black femme social media users employ #Blackgirlmagic, they feel a sense of control over their imagery, which contributes to the hashtag’s value as a political product. However, the technology underlying #Blackgirlmagic is bound to corporate missions and deliberate algorithmic limitations. This coupling of neoliberal capitalist interests and Black femme liberatory politics causes the author to pause and interrogate the political and cultural efficacy of the hashtag. With an Afrofuturist womanist framework, the author examines the vitriolic responses by #Blackgirlmagic adherents to Linda Chavers’s 2016 article, “Here’s My Problem with #Blackgirlmagic: Black Girls Aren’t Magic. We’re Human.” The author argues that these #Blackgirlmagic online adherents demonstrate the conflict between liberating Black femme imagery and the self-commodification of Black womanhood via industrialized content creation. The marketability of the current iteration of #Blackgirlmagic diminishes the possibility of radical digital praxes such as protecting and holding virtual space for unpalatable and unprofitable Black femme affective performances.
An Intersectional Approach to Interrogating Rights
Authors: Womack Malia Lee 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The United States does not meet global human rights standards regarding economic, social, and cultural rights. In 1994 the United States ratified the United Nations core anti-racism treaty, the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination (ICERD). However, the United States still does not fully comply with the multilateral agreement. Malia Lee Womack explores the United States’ poor compliance with the treaty’s protections concerning 1) Black women’s economic, social, and cultural rights (regarding housing, education, and health) and 2) concerning the U.S. prison industrial complex (its “school to prison pipeline,” discriminatory sentencing practices, as well as police and prison workers’ violence against women). The author applies intersectional theory developed by Black feminists to UN Working Group reports, ICERD’s shadow reports, and ICERD’s monitoring body’s reports to reveal how Black women experience racism differently than men and other racial groups. ICERD implementation strategies must include Black women’s intersectional needs which are often marginalized in anti-racism strategies. This article documents how Black women experience compounded and interrelated forms of oppression due to their intersectional identities. Homogenizing people of color cannot effectively address each group’s specific needs concerning U.S. lack of compliance with ICERD (despite some similarities in their experiences). Therefore, the author focuses on one collective identity (Black women) yet also recognizes that other collective identities deserve attention.
An integrated atlas of human placental development delineates essential regulators of trophoblast stem cells
Authors: Chen Yutong , Siriwardena Dylan , Penfold Christopher , Pavlinek Adam , Boroviak Thorsten E. 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT
The trophoblast lineage safeguards fetal development by mediating embryo implantation, immune tolerance, nutritional supply and gas exchange. Human trophoblast stem cells (hTSCs) provide a platform to study lineage specification of placental tissues; however, the regulatory network controlling self-renewal remains elusive. Here, we present a single-cell atlas of human trophoblast development from zygote to mid-gestation together with single-cell profiling of hTSCs. We determine the transcriptional networks of trophoblast lineages in vivo and leverage probabilistic modelling to identify a role for MAPK signalling in trophoblast differentiation. Placenta- and blastoid-derived hTSCs consistently map between late trophectoderm and early cytotrophoblast, in contrast to blastoid-trophoblast, which correspond to trophectoderm. We functionally assess the requirement of the predicted cytotrophoblast network in an siRNA-screen and reveal 15 essential regulators for hTSC self-renewal, including MAZ, NFE2L3, TFAP2C, NR2F2 and CTNNB1. Our human trophoblast atlas provides a powerful analytical resource to delineate trophoblast cell fate acquisition, to elucidate transcription factors required for hTSC self-renewal and to gauge the developmental stage of in vitro cultured cells.
Seroprevalence of herpes simplex virus type-2 among pregnant women in Wad Madani-Sudan: a cross sectional study
Authors: Ahmed Hind , Abbu Nuha , Saeed Samar , Abdalla Wafaa , MohammedSalih Kawthar , Abd Alla Ahmed , Hashim Ahmed 
Published: July 2022

Background: Sexually transmitted diseases are known to pose a significant public health threat. Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) is a viral infection with high prevalence in Sudan, particularly among pregnant women. The aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of HSV-2 among pregnant women as well as their associated potential risk factors in Wad Madani-Sudan. Methods: In total, 92 pregnant women who attended the Maternity Hospital and Dr. Altigani Sedeeg Fertility Center at Wad Madani, AL-Gezira State, between April and August 2018 were included in this study. HSV-2 Immunoglobulins (IgG and IgM) were assayed by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique. Results: The seroprevalence of HSV-2 IgM and IgG were 35(38%) and 90(97.8%), respectively. A Higher prevalence of HSV-2 IgG 45(48.9%) and 13(14.1%) for IgM was detected in pregnant women aged 15-24 years old with a significant association between HSV-2 IgM and age distribution group (p-value=0.001). HSV-2 IgM and IgG seropositivity were highest in the first trimester; 26(34.2%), and 75(81.5%), respectively. The highest rate of HSV-2 IgM was detected in 19 (20.7%) women with a history of abortion, while the highest rate of HSV-2 IgG was seen in 50 (54.3%) women without a history of abortion. The statistical analysis results did not reveal significant differences between gestational stages and history of abortion with the presence of HSV-2 antibodies. Conclusion: The prevalence of HSV-2 was significant among pregnant women in Wad Madani- Sudan. There was a strong association between HSV-2 IgM seropositivity and the age of pregnant women.
Dengue and SARS-COV-2 co-infection in pregnancy: decision making dilemma
Authors: Wijesinghe Vindya , Senadeera Diluk , Piyadigama Indunil , Nanayakkara Sriyani 
Published: July 2022

Background: Dengue virus (DENV) and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)) are two viral illnesses that require very distinct management protocols. Missed diagnosis and under reporting of DENV is predicted due to COVID-19 pandemic. Pregnancy is associated with increased fetal and maternal morbidity and mortality due to both illnesses. Co-infection need to be reported and studied to optimize the outcomes. Methods: This is a retrospective study on pregnant patients with COVID-19 and DENV co-infection conducted from the medical records from 1st of April 2021 to 1st of September 2021. Results: In this series four patients are described. Patient 1 is a diagnosed patient with immune thrombocytopenic purpura who was in remission. She developed DENV infection during recovery of SARS-CoV-2. She received intensive care unit (ICU) care during the leaking phase. Patient 2 had an uncomplicated miscarriage during the co-infection. Patient 3 was a patient with advanced maternal age with multiple co-morbidities. She did not progress into the leaking phase. Diagnosis of DENV was missed in patient 4 and she had a fetal death. Conclusions: SARS-CoV-2 and DENV co-infection in pregnancy can be life threatening to the mother and can lead to adverse fatal outcomes. Timely diagnosis and multidisciplinary management are essential for better outcomes. Continuous data collection and reporting is advisable till the guidance is formed.