bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel Vivaldi antenna for UWB detection
Authors: Wang Jingjing , Liu Jianwei , Fan Yucheng , Bai Yuxi 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis paper presents a modified structure of the Vivaldi antenna based on an FR4 dielectric substrate of 0.8 mm thickness and 110 mm × 96 mm dimensions for ultra‐wideband (UWB) detection systems. The modified Vivaldi antenna has two major novelties. (1) Bottle‐shaped slots are etched on both sides of the classic Vivaldi antenna to extend the surface current path length and concentrate electromagnetic energy. (2) Rectangular metal strips are implemented in front of the exponential slot to guide the UWB radiation waveform in the desired direction. The modified Vivaldi antenna is evaluated using the CST 2020 software and measured using the vector network analyzer ranging from 3 to 8 GHz. The obtained results show that a maximum peak gain of nearly 9 dBi at 4 GHz can be achieved, the radiation efficiency is improved to 80%, the main lobe level is increased, and the side lobe level is decreased. To further demonstrate the performance of the proposed Vivaldi antenna, a UWB imaging experiment is designed. The imaging results show that the imaging system using the proposed antennas can obtain images with good resolution, which indicates that the antenna has good radiation characteristics and can be used for UWB detection applications.
Integration and thermal management of multiwavelength distributed feedback quantum cascade lasers
Authors: Gong Ping , Wang Yiming , Er Zhixuan , Xie Liang 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIntegration of multiwavelength distributed feedback quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) in C‐mount packages is demonstrated in this paper, which is applicable to portable gas sensors. The thermal management is performed by modeling and experimentally verifying. The QCLs with the wavelength of 4492, 5459, 6224, and 9640 nm are integrated. The wavelength tuning range and optical power of each QCL are no smaller than 6.5 nm and 65 mW, respectively. The dimensions of the integrated sources are .
Investigation on small volume and long optical path multipass cell using differential evolution algorithm
Authors: Zhang Mengru , Chen Chen , Chen Hongda , Dong Weihao , Li Yongyang , Xu Haozhi , Li Chunguang 
Published: December 2022

AbstractTo solve the contradiction between high performance and portability of tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS) systems, we propose a multipass cell (MPC) design method based on differential evolution (DE) algorithm, and realize intelligent optimization design of MPC with small volume and long optical path. MPC is the core component of the TDLAS system. The optical path of MPC determines the detection accuracy of the TDLAS system. The optical path is affected by the position and angle of incident laser, mirror spacing, and other parameters. The DE algorithm is used to optimize the parameters that affect the performance of MPC, and a compact MPC with a spherical mirror diameter of 25.4 mm, a laser reflection number of 183, an optical path of 5.98 m, and a mirror spacing of 31.7 mm is designed. Under the same spherical mirror condition, the detection limit of MPC designed based on the DE algorithm is increased from 0.91 to 0.76 ppm compared with the MPC commonly used seven‐ring spot pattern. This has a guiding and exemplary role in the design and development of high space utilization MPC.
Dual‐port single‐loop MIMO antenna unit for unbroken metal‐frame terminals without cutting
Authors: Qu Longyue , Piao Haiyan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn this study, a simple and efficient dual‐port single‐loop antenna unit, intended for full metal‐frame terminals, is presented as the first of its kind. The proposed multiple‐input and multiple‐output (MIMO) antenna unit is constructed within a loop resonator, inserted between the metal frame and the ground plane without any slits or cuttings. Two voltage ports are utilized to simultaneously excite the shared loop resonator as radiators; however, the strong mutual coupling is induced from one port to another because of the shared loop resonator. Herein, a simple and efficient decoupling capacitor is loaded at the center of the loop resonator, decoupling and decorrelating the two‐port loop resonator. In this way, a dual‐port single‐loop antenna unit is accomplished for 5G MIMO applications. Two units are constructed, forming 4 × 4 MIMO antennas, which are validated in both simulation and measurement.
A compact tri‐band impedance transformer for frequency‐dependent complex loads
Authors: Wan Zipeng , Liu Qiang , Liu Wang , Cheng Dong , Du Guangxing , Li Guolin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractA compact tri‐band impedance transformer that can match the frequency‐dependent complex loads is presented in this letter. The proposed transformer is cascade of a dual‐band conductance transforming network, a dual‐band susceptance stub network and a dual‐to‐tri‐band transformer. There are four topologies of the transformer are available according to the different loads at the first frequency and the realizability of the transformer. All the parameters are acquired by solving the closed form design equations and a detailed design process is provided. The proposed design method is demonstrated through two examples, and a prototype is fabricated. Good agreement between the simulated and measured results is obtained. Compared with the existing works, the transformer not only can match the frequency‐dependent complex loads, but also obtains wide bandwidths and has a very short electrical length. In summary, the proposed impedance transformer is very suitable for the design of tri‐band active circuits and systems.
A high gain dual circularly polarized X‐band antenna for CubeSat applications
Authors: Reddy Mekala Harinath , Sheela Divakaran 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn this article, a dual circularly polarized high gain superstrate integrated X‐band antenna is designed and analyzed for CubeSat applications. The proposed antenna consists of a metallic patch, multilayer space qualified printed circuit boards, and a dielectric superstrate with a high relative permittivity on top of the patch to establish a suitable resonance condition for high‐gain operation. The driven patch is fed by a 3‐dB hybrid coupler for the generation of dual (left hand circular polarization and right hand circular polarization) circular polarization. The antenna exhibits an impedance bandwidth of >18.5% (7.75–9.4 GHz) with a peak gain of >16 dBiC. The achieved antenna performance makes it suitable for CubeSat missions at X‐band.
A novel resonant‐type tunable group delay controller based on third‐order fully tunable topology
Authors: Xiang Qianyin , Wang Xiangdi , Fu Mingye , Feng Quanyuan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractA novel resonant‐type group delay controller based on third‐order resonant topology with tunable central frequency and coupling coefficients is proposed. The coupling structure is realized by coupled line resonators loaded with two shunt capacitors for coupling coefficient tuning, and a series capacitor for resonant frequency tuning, then the group delay and working frequency can be tuned. The structure has the advantage of a large range of tunable coupling coefficients and breaks through the group delay tunable range of traditional delay circuits. The circuit is designed, simulated, and measured. The measurement shows that the group delay can be tuned from 5 to 20 ns with a tunable central frequency in the range of 0.8–1.05 GHz, and minimum ± 0.5 ns group delay bandwidth and −3 dB magnitude bandwidth of 12 MHz.
Copper Toxicity to the Ghost Rams-Horn Snail Biomphalaria havanensis
Authors: Mischke Charles C. , Richardson Bradley M. , Tiwari Ambika , Griffin Matt J. , Rehman Junaid U. , Ashfaq Mohammad K. , Nanayakkara N. P. Dhammika , Khan Ikhlas A. , Wise David J. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Avian piscivores cause direct economic losses to the aquaculture industry through predation, as well as indirect losses through transmission of digenetic trematodes. Bolbophorus damnificus is a trematode parasite associated with significant losses in catfish aquaculture. The complex life cycle involves the American white pelican Pelecanus erythrorhynchos, planorbid snails, and ictalurid catfish. With no approved therapeutics for B. damnificus in catfish Ictalurus spp. and federal protections on American white pelican, management is restricted to controlling snail hosts. Two snail species, marsh rams-horn snail Planorbella trivolvis and ghost rams-horn snail Biomphalaria havanensis, are common inhabitants of commercial catfish ponds and known to transmit B. damnificus. Previous work evaluated copper sulfate toxicity on marsh rams-horn snails; however, data are lacking for ghost rams-horn snails. Herein, laboratory-reared adults of ghost rams-horn snails and marsh rams-horn snails were exposed to copper concentrations ranging from 0.16 to 3.38 mg/L Cu to evaluate 24-, 48-, and 72-h acute toxicity. Additionally, sequential low-dose treatments ranging from 0.1 to 0.8 mg/L Cu were evaluated on eggs, juveniles, and adults of ghost rams-horn snails as a potentially safer treatment regime for ponds. Acute toxicity was similar between snail species for all exposure times. A 72-h exposure produced an LC50 of 0.10 and 0.37 mg/L Cu for ghost rams-horn snails and marsh rams-horn snails, respectively. The LC50 values increased to 1.1 mg/L Cu for both species with 48-h exposure. However, in the multiple low-dose study, a single dose of 0.4 or 0.8 mg/L Cu was lethal to all adult snails after 1 week, as was 0.2 mg/L Cu after two doses. Four doses of 0.1 mg/L Cu or greater killed all ghost rams-horn snail juveniles. Results indicate that marsh rams-horn snails and ghost rams-horn snails have similar sensitivity to copper, and multiple low-dose treatments were effective against all life stages of ghost rams-horn snails. These data indicate that copper can be an effective treatment for snail control in commercial catfish ponds.
TTRISK: Tensor train decomposition algorithm for risk averse optimization
Authors: Antil Harbir , Dolgov Sergey , Onwunta Akwum 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis article develops a new algorithm named TTRISK to solve high‐dimensional risk‐averse optimization problems governed by differential equations (ODEs and/or partial differential equations [PDEs]) under uncertainty. As an example, we focus on the so‐called Conditional Value at Risk (CVaR), but the approach is equally applicable to other coherent risk measures. Both the full and reduced space formulations are considered. The algorithm is based on low rank tensor approximations of random fields discretized using stochastic collocation. To avoid nonsmoothness of the objective function underpinning the CVaR, we propose an adaptive strategy to select the width parameter of the smoothed CVaR to balance the smoothing and tensor approximation errors. Moreover, unbiased Monte Carlo CVaR estimate can be computed by using the smoothed CVaR as a control variate. To accelerate the computations, we introduce an efficient preconditioner for the Karush–Kuhn–Tucker (KKT) system in the full space formulation.The numerical experiments demonstrate that the proposed method enables accurate CVaR optimization constrained by large‐scale discretized systems. In particular, the first example consists of an elliptic PDE with random coefficients as constraints. The second example is motivated by a realistic application to devise a lockdown plan for United Kingdom under COVID‐19. The results indicate that the risk‐averse framework is feasible with the tensor approximations under tens of random variables.
Impact of electronic health record‐coaching features in weight change: A secondary analysis from the MAINTAIN‐pc randomized trial
Authors: Cedillo Maribel , Kukhareva Polina V. , Larsen Skylar M. , McTigue Kathleen M. , Bryce Cindy L. , Barone Gibbs Bethany , Hess Rachel , Huber Kimberly , Conroy Molly B. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate whether coaching features were successfully transmitted via electronic health record (EHR) communication and to evaluate their relationship with weight change in a previously tested EHR‐based coaching intervention.MethodsA secondary analysis from the Maintaining Activity and Nutrition through Technology‐Assisted Innovation in Primary Care (MAINTAIN‐pc) study randomized clinical trial was conducted in nine primary care practices and one specialty practice (endocrinology) affiliated with the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center. Eligibility included age 18 to 75 years, intentional 5% weight loss in the previous 2 years, access to an internet‐connected computer, and receipt of care from a University of Pittsburgh Medical Center primary care provider. Survey data were collected during the randomized clinical trial.ResultsParticipants content with intervention delivery via the EHR and those who felt a strong connection to their coach had significantly less weight regain (p = 0.013 and p < 0.01, respectively). Participants who had needs unmet by the intervention (e.g., “in‐person” support in a group setting or individual settings) regained more weight (p < 0.01).ConclusionsThe data suggest heterogeneity in the patient population regarding preference for in‐person versus EHR‐based coaching formats. Such heterogeneity might result in the differential success of EHR‐based interventions.
Dynamic crush response of compression molded planar isotropic carbon fiber reinforced composites
Authors: Newcomb Bradley A. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractVehicle mass reduction can be achieved through the utilization of carbon fiber reinforced composites within the vehicle body structure. In this study, planar isotropic compression molded carbon fiber reinforced composites are studied for their potential utilization as automotive primary energy absorbing structures. The energy absorption behavior of a discontinuous randomly oriented 2‐D planar isotropic carbon fiber reinforced nylon 6 thermoplastic composite and a continuous 2 × 2 twill quasi‐isotropic carbon fiber reinforced epoxy thermoset composite are studied by dynamic flat plaque crush testing. Post‐mortem failure modes of both materials are related back to their load‐displacement and energy‐displacement curves under different test conditions. It is shown that crush fixture support length dictates the failure mode and specific energy absorption (SEA) of all fiber reinforced composites tested. In addition, elevated temperature testing of the nylon 6 carbon fiber reinforced composites reduces the SEA in all test configurations. Finally, an automotive carbon fiber composite front end energy absorbing structure is considered as the replacement over a legacy metallic energy absorbing structure. Mass reduction benefits beyond the improved SEA of the composite as compared to the metallic structure it replaces are discussed by considering the increased crush length efficiency of the composite structure which can reduce the vehicle front end length, and therefore the mass of the vehicle. These results are expected to direct the future development of fiber reinforced composites structures in energy absorbing automotive structures.
Issues associated with possible implementation of Non‐Invasive Prenatal Testing (NIPT) in first‐tier screening: A rapid scoping review
Authors: Ghiasi Maryam , Armour Christine , Walker Mark , Shaver Nicole , Bennett Alexandria , Little Julian 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn recent years, as the implementation and use of Non‐Invasive Prenatal Testing (NIPT) have increased, the cost of the test has been decreasing. The cost of NIPT is expected to fall further in the upcoming years. As a result of the decreasing cost of NIPT, many jurisdictions may change their prenatal screening policies toward abandoning serum‐based screening and instead, implement and support NIPT as the first‐tier screening for all women. There are several concerns in replacing first‐trimester screening with NIPT. In this scoping review, we aimed to map the existing knowledge about possible issues in the systematic implementation of NIPT as the primary method of first‐tier screening and to assess if any jurisdiction has altered its policy and discontinued serum‐based prenatal screening in exchange for NIPT. The Medline database (Ovid) and Google Scholar was searched and all the studies discussing, investigating, or reporting on the systematic implementation of NIPT as the primary method of first‐tier screening were included. All the studies went through a two‐stage screening process and included full‐text articles were reviewed. We did not find any articles indicating a country or region that replaced traditional prenatal screening by NIPT. The included articles were charted, and the data about the possible issues in the systematic implementation of NIPT as the primary method of first‐tier screening are summarized narratively and presented in tables in four categories. The findings of this scoping review may be informative for stakeholders and policymakers regarding recent changes in NIPT implementation policies around the world and may aid with developing policy for NIPT implementation with a broader perspective.
Highly Stable Graphene Inks Based on Organic Binary Solvents
Authors: Ahmed Md Raju , Mirihanage Wajira , Potluri Prasad , Fernando Anura 
Published: December 2022

AbstractFormulating highly stable graphene‐based conductive inks with consistency in electrical properties over the storage period has remained a significant challenge in the development of wearable electronics. Two highly stable graphene‐based inks (Cyclohexanone:Ethylene glycol (CEG) ink and Cyclohexanone:Terpineol (CT) ink) are prepared by using two different organic binary solvents, for the first time, without using solvent exchange methods. Both the inks display remarkably high stability (stable even after two months) with negligible variability in electrical properties. Here, it is demonstrated how such inks can be utilized to coat flexible substrates to create wearable e‐textiles. Both the inks coated e‐textiles show significantly low sheet resistance (≈209.1 Ω □−1 for CEG ink and ≈322.4 Ω □−1 CT ink) that show less than a 15% increase in electrical resistance over two months. Therefore, these inks offer high productivity and reproducibility and can be one of the most effective methods for formulating graphene‐based inks.
A competition smFRET assay to study ligand‐induced conformational changes of the dengue virus protease
Authors: Maus Hannah , Hinze Gerald , Hammerschmidt Stefan Josef , Basché Thomas , Schirmeister Tanja 
Published: December 2022

AbstractLigand binding to proteins often is accompanied by conformational transitions. Here, we describe a competition assay based on single molecule Förster resonance energy transfer (smFRET) to investigate the ligand‐induced conformational changes of the dengue virus (DENV) NS2B‐NS3 protease, which can adopt at least two different conformations. First, a competitive ligand was used to stabilize the closed conformation of the protease. Subsequent addition of the allosteric inhibitor reduced the fraction of the closed conformation and simultaneously increased the fraction of the open conformation, demonstrating that the allosteric inhibitor stabilizes the open conformation. In addition, the proportions of open and closed conformations at different concentrations of the allosteric inhibitor were used to determine its binding affinity to the protease. The KD value observed is in accordance with the IC50 determined in the fluorometric assay. Our novel approach appears to be a valuable tool to study conformational transitions of other proteases and enzymes.
RosettaDDGPrediction for high‐throughput mutational scans: From stability to binding
Authors: Sora Valentina , Laspiur Adrian Otamendi , Degn Kristine , Arnaudi Matteo , Utichi Mattia , Beltrame Ludovica , De Menezes Dayana , Orlandi Matteo , Stoltze Ulrik Kristoffer , Rigina Olga , Sackett Peter Wad , Wadt Karin , Schmiegelow Kjeld , Tiberti Matteo , Papaleo Elena 
Published: December 2022

AbstractReliable prediction of free energy changes upon amino acid substitutions (ΔΔGs) is crucial to investigate their impact on protein stability and protein–protein interaction. Advances in experimental mutational scans allow high‐throughput studies thanks to multiplex techniques. On the other hand, genomics initiatives provide a large amount of data on disease‐related variants that can benefit from analyses with structure‐based methods. Therefore, the computational field should keep the same pace and provide new tools for fast and accurate high‐throughput ΔΔG calculations. In this context, the Rosetta modeling suite implements effective approaches to predict folding/unfolding ΔΔGs in a protein monomer upon amino acid substitutions and calculate the changes in binding free energy in protein complexes. However, their application can be challenging to users without extensive experience with Rosetta. Furthermore, Rosetta protocols for ΔΔG prediction are designed considering one variant at a time, making the setup of high‐throughput screenings cumbersome. For these reasons, we devised RosettaDDGPrediction, a customizable Python wrapper designed to run free energy calculations on a set of amino acid substitutions using Rosetta protocols with little intervention from the user. Moreover, RosettaDDGPrediction assists with checking completed runs and aggregates raw data for multiple variants, as well as generates publication‐ready graphics. We showed the potential of the tool in four case studies, including variants of uncertain significance in childhood cancer, proteins with known experimental unfolding ΔΔGs values, interactions between target proteins and disordered motifs, and phosphomimetics. RosettaDDGPrediction is available, free of charge and under GNU General Public License v3.0, at https://github.com/ELELAB/RosettaDDGPrediction.
AMP‐BERT: Prediction of antimicrobial peptide function based on a BERT model
Authors: Lee Hansol , Lee Songyeon , Lee Ingoo , Nam Hojung 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAntimicrobial resistance is a growing health concern. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) disrupt harmful microorganisms by nonspecific mechanisms, making it difficult for microbes to develop resistance. Accordingly, they are promising alternatives to traditional antimicrobial drugs. In this study, we developed an improved AMP classification model, called AMP‐BERT. We propose a deep learning model with a fine‐tuned bidirectional encoder representations from transformers (BERT) architecture designed to extract structural/functional information from input peptides and identify each input as AMP or non‐AMP. We compared the performance of our proposed model and other machine/deep learning‐based methods. Our model, AMP‐BERT, yielded the best prediction results among all models evaluated with our curated external dataset. In addition, we utilized the attention mechanism in BERT to implement an interpretable feature analysis and determine the specific residues in known AMPs that contribute to peptide structure and antimicrobial function. The results show that AMP‐BERT can capture the structural properties of peptides for model learning, enabling the prediction of AMPs or non‐AMPs from input sequences. AMP‐BERT is expected to contribute to the identification of candidate AMPs for functional validation and drug development. The code and dataset for the fine‐tuning of AMP‐BERT is publicly available at https://github.com/GIST-CSBL/AMP-BERT.