bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Grey wolf genomic history reveals a dual ancestry of dogs
Authors: Bergström Anders , Stanton David W. G. , Taron Ulrike H. , Frantz Laurent , Sinding Mikkel-Holger S. , Ersmark Erik , Pfrengle Saskia , Cassatt-Johnstone Molly , Lebrasseur Ophélie , Girdland-Flink Linus , Fernandes Daniel M. , Ollivier Morgane , Speidel Leo , Gopalakrishnan Shyam , Westbury Michael V. , Ramos-Madrigal Jazmin , Feuerborn Tatiana R. , Reiter Ella , Gretzinger Joscha , Münzel Susanne C. , Swali Pooja , Conard Nicholas J. , Carøe Christian , Haile James , Linderholm Anna , Androsov Semyon , Barnes Ian , Baumann Chris , Benecke Norbert , Bocherens Hervé , Brace Selina , Carden Ruth F. , Drucker Dorothée G. , Fedorov Sergey , Gasparik Mihály , Germonpré Mietje , Grigoriev Semyon , Groves Pam , Hertwig Stefan T. , Ivanova Varvara V. , Janssens Luc , Jennings Richard P. , Kasparov Aleksei K. , Kirillova Irina V. , Kurmaniyazov Islam , Kuzmin Yaroslav V. , Kosintsev Pavel A. , Lázničková-Galetová Martina , Leduc Charlotte , Nikolskiy Pavel , Nussbaumer Marc , O’Drisceoil Cóilín , Orlando Ludovic , Outram Alan , Pavlova Elena Y. , Perri Angela R. , Pilot Małgorzata , Pitulko Vladimir V. , Plotnikov Valerii V. , Protopopov Albert V. , Rehazek André , Sablin Mikhail , Seguin-Orlando Andaine , Storå Jan , Verjux Christian , Zaibert Victor F. , Zazula Grant , Crombé Philippe , Hansen Anders J. , Willerslev Eske , Leonard Jennifer A. , Götherström Anders , Pinhasi Ron , Schuenemann Verena J. , Hofreiter Michael , Gilbert M. Thomas P. , Shapiro Beth , Larson Greger , Krause Johannes , Dalén Love , Skoglund Pontus 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe grey wolf (Canis lupus) was the first species to give rise to a domestic population, and they remained widespread throughout the last Ice Age when many other large mammal species went extinct. Little is known, however, about the history and possible extinction of past wolf populations or when and where the wolf progenitors of the present-day dog lineage (Canis familiaris) lived1–8. Here we analysed 72 ancient wolf genomes spanning the last 100,000 years from Europe, Siberia and North America. We found that wolf populations were highly connected throughout the Late Pleistocene, with levels of differentiation an order of magnitude lower than they are today. This population connectivity allowed us to detect natural selection across the time series, including rapid fixation of mutations in the gene IFT88 40,000–30,000 years ago. We show that dogs are overall more closely related to ancient wolves from eastern Eurasia than to those from western Eurasia, suggesting a domestication process in the east. However, we also found that dogs in the Near East and Africa derive up to half of their ancestry from a distinct population related to modern southwest Eurasian wolves, reflecting either an independent domestication process or admixture from local wolves. None of the analysed ancient wolf genomes is a direct match for either of these dog ancestries, meaning that the exact progenitor populations remain to be located.
Optimization of avian perching manoeuvres
Authors: KleinHeerenbrink Marco , France Lydia A. , Brighton Caroline H. , Taylor Graham K. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPerching at speed is among the most demanding flight behaviours that birds perform1,2 and is beyond the capability of most autonomous vehicles. Smaller birds may touch down by hovering3–8, but larger birds typically swoop up to perch1,2—presumably because the adverse scaling of their power margin prohibits hovering9 and because swooping upwards transfers kinetic to potential energy before collision1,2,10. Perching demands precise control of velocity and pose11–14, particularly in larger birds for which scale effects make collisions especially hazardous6,15. However, whereas cruising behaviours such as migration and commuting typically minimize the cost of transport or time of flight16, the optimization of such unsteady flight manoeuvres remains largely unexplored7,17. Here we show that the swooping trajectories of perching Harris’ hawks (Parabuteo unicinctus) minimize neither time nor energy alone, but rather minimize the distance flown after stalling. By combining motion capture data from 1,576 flights with flight dynamics modelling, we find that the birds’ choice of where to transition from powered dive to unpowered climb minimizes the distance over which high lift coefficients are required. Time and energy are therefore invested to provide the control authority needed to glide safely to the perch, rather than being minimized directly as in technical implementations of autonomous perching under nonlinear feedback control12 and deep reinforcement learning18,19. Naive birds learn this behaviour on the fly, so our findings suggest a heuristic principle that could guide reinforcement learning of autonomous perching.
Mitochondrial RNA modifications shape metabolic plasticity in metastasis
Authors: Delaunay Sylvain , Pascual Gloria , Feng Bohai , Klann Kevin , Behm Mikaela , Hotz-Wagenblatt Agnes , Richter Karsten , Zaoui Karim , Herpel Esther , Münch Christian , Dietmann Sabine , Hess Jochen , Benitah Salvador Aznar , Frye Michaela 
Published: June 2022

AbstractAggressive and metastatic cancers show enhanced metabolic plasticity1, but the precise underlying mechanisms of this remain unclear. Here we show how two NOP2/Sun RNA methyltransferase 3 (NSUN3)-dependent RNA modifications—5-methylcytosine (m5C) and its derivative 5-formylcytosine (f5C) (refs.2–4)—drive the translation of mitochondrial mRNA to power metastasis. Translation of mitochondrially encoded subunits of the oxidative phosphorylation complex depends on the formation of m5C at position 34 in mitochondrial tRNAMet. m5C-deficient human oral cancer cells exhibit increased levels of glycolysis and changes in their mitochondrial function that do not affect cell viability or primary tumour growth in vivo; however, metabolic plasticity is severely impaired as mitochondrial m5C-deficient tumours do not metastasize efficiently. We discovered that CD36-dependent non-dividing, metastasis-initiating tumour cells require mitochondrial m5C to activate invasion and dissemination. Moreover, a mitochondria-driven gene signature in patients with head and neck cancer is predictive for metastasis and disease progression. Finally, we confirm that this metabolic switch that allows the metastasis of tumour cells can be pharmacologically targeted through the inhibition of mitochondrial mRNA translation in vivo. Together, our results reveal that site-specific mitochondrial RNA modifications could be therapeutic targets to combat metastasis.
Increasing the resilience of plant immunity to a warming climate
Authors: Kim Jong Hum , Castroverde Christian Danve M. , Huang Shuai , Li Chao , Hilleary Richard , Seroka Adam , Sohrabi Reza , Medina-Yerena Diana , Huot Bethany , Wang Jie , Nomura Kinya , Marr Sharon K. , Wildermuth Mary C. , Chen Tao , MacMicking John D. , He Sheng Yang 
Published: June 2022

AbstractExtreme weather conditions associated with climate change affect many aspects of plant and animal life, including the response to infectious diseases. Production of salicylic acid (SA), a central plant defence hormone1–3, is particularly vulnerable to suppression by short periods of hot weather above the normal plant growth temperature range via an unknown mechanism4–7. Here we show that suppression of SA production in Arabidopsis thaliana at 28 °C is independent of PHYTOCHROME B8,9 (phyB) and EARLY FLOWERING 310 (ELF3), which regulate thermo-responsive plant growth and development. Instead, we found that formation of GUANYLATE BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE 3 (GBPL3) defence-activated biomolecular condensates11 (GDACs) was reduced at the higher growth temperature. The altered GDAC formation in vivo is linked to impaired recruitment of GBPL3 and SA-associated Mediator subunits to the promoters of CBP60g and SARD1, which encode master immune transcription factors. Unlike many other SA signalling components, including the SA receptor and biosynthetic genes, optimized CBP60g expression was sufficient to broadly restore SA production, basal immunity and effector-triggered immunity at the elevated growth temperature without significant growth trade-offs. CBP60g family transcription factors are widely conserved in plants12. These results have implications for safeguarding the plant immune system as well as understanding the concept of the plant–pathogen–environment disease triangle and the emergence of new disease epidemics in a warming climate.
A peroxisomal ubiquitin ligase complex forms a retrotranslocation channel
Authors: Feng Peiqiang , Wu Xudong , Erramilli Satchal K. , Paulo Joao A. , Knejski Pawel , Gygi Steven P. , Kossiakoff Anthony A. , Rapoport Tom A. 
Published: June 2022

AbstractPeroxisomes are ubiquitous organelles that house various metabolic reactions and are essential for human health1–4. Luminal peroxisomal proteins are imported from the cytosol by mobile receptors, which then recycle back to the cytosol by a poorly understood process1–4. Recycling requires receptor modification by a membrane-embedded ubiquitin ligase complex comprising three RING finger domain-containing proteins (Pex2, Pex10 and Pex12)5,6. Here we report a cryo-electron microscopy structure of the ligase complex, which together with biochemical and in vivo experiments reveals its function as a retrotranslocation channel for peroxisomal import receptors. Each subunit of the complex contributes five transmembrane segments that co-assemble into an open channel. The three ring finger domains form a cytosolic tower, with ring finger 2 (RF2) positioned above the channel pore. We propose that the N terminus of a recycling receptor is inserted from the peroxisomal lumen into the pore and monoubiquitylated by RF2 to enable extraction into the cytosol. If recycling is compromised, receptors are polyubiquitylated by the concerted action of RF10 and RF12 and degraded. This polyubiquitylation pathway also maintains the homeostasis of other peroxisomal import factors. Our results clarify a crucial step during peroxisomal protein import and reveal why mutations in the ligase complex cause human disease.
Increased acid sphingomyelinase levels in pediatric patients with obesity
Authors: Mameli Chiara , Carnovale Carla , Ambrogi Federico , Infante Gabriele , Biejat Paulina Roux , Napoli Alessandra , Coazzoli Marco , Calcaterra Valeria , Schneider Laura , Perazzi Chiara , Zuccotti Gianvincenzo , Clementi Emilio , Moscheni Claudia , Perrotta Cristiana 
Published: June 2022

AbstractThe level of secretory acid sphingomyelinase (S-ASM), a key enzyme in the sphingolipid metabolism, is elevated in a variety of human diseases, including in the serum of obese adults. Alterations in S-ASM were also found to induce morphological changes in erythrocytes. Consequently, the inhibition of S-ASM by functional Inhibitors of ASM (FIASMA) may have broad clinical implications. The purpose of this study was to assess S-ASM activity in pediatric patients with obesity and healthy matched controls, as well as to investigate the erythrocyte morphology using transmission electron microscopy. We recruited 46 obese patients (mean age 11 ± 2.9 years) and 44 controls (mean age 10.8 ± 2.9 years). S-ASM activity was significantly higher (Wilcoxon signed-rank test p-value: 0.004) in obese patients (mean 396.4 ± 49.7 pmol/ml/h) than in controls (mean 373.7 ± 23.1 pmol/ml/h). No evidence of morphological differences in erythrocytes was found between the two populations. We then carried out a case–control study based on the spontaneous reporting system database to compare FIASMAs with NON-FIASMAs in terms of weight gain risk. Children who received FIASMA had a significantly lower frequency of weight gain reports than patients who took NON-FIASMA agents (p < 0.001). Our findings suggest there is an intriguing possibility that S-ASM may play a role in pediatric obesity. This pilot study could serve as the basis for future studies in this interesting field of research.
Spatial solitons in an electrically driven graphene multilayer medium
Authors: Shaukat Muzzamal Iqbal , Qasymeh Montasir , Eleuch Hichem 
Published: June 2022

AbstractWe investigate the evolution of coupled optical solitons in a multilayer graphene medium. The considered graphene medium is subjected to microwave voltage biasing. The coupled two optical solitons emerge through the electrical (i.e., microwave voltage) perturbation of the effective permittivity of the graphene multilayer. We show that the coupled solitons are electrically adjustable by controlling the amplitude and frequency of the biasing microwave voltage. Importantly, this proposed regime of electrically controlled optical solitons offers a modality to generate entangled optical solitons and two-mode squeezed solitons. Furthermore, the hybrid interaction that includes both the driving microwave voltage and the optical solitons yields a platform to combine the two worlds of quantum photonics and quantum superconducting systems.
Intra- and inter-examination reproducibility of T2 mapping for temporomandibular joint assessment at 3.0 T
Authors: Wongratwanich Pongsapak , Nagasaki Toshikazu , Shimabukuro Kiichi , Konishi Masaru , Ohtsuka Masahiko , Suei Yoshikazu , Nakamoto Takashi , Akiyama Yuji , Awai Kazuo , Kakimoto Naoya 
Published: June 2022

AbstractT2 mapping allows quantification of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) ultrastructural degeneration. The study aimed to assess intra- and inter-examination reproducibility of T2 mapping for TMJ evaluation at 3.0 Tesla (T). Seventeen volunteers, regardless of temporomandibular disorder (TMD) diagnosis, received magnetic resonance (MR) examination at 3.0 T. T2 mapping was performed twice (> 5 min between sessions without repositioning) on 12 volunteers to ensure intra-examination reproducibility. Nine volunteers underwent two examinations (> 6 months) to ensure inter-examination reproducibility. The regions of interest (ROIs) of the articular disc and retrodiscal tissue were manually selected and calculated. The mean T2 values of the articular disc and retrodiscal tissue were 25.3 ± 3.0 and 30.0 ± 4.1 ms, respectively. T2 mapping showed excellent intra-examination intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) for both articular disc (0.923) and retrodiscal tissue (0.951). Very strong correlations (r) were observed in both articular disc (0.928) and retrodiscal tissue (0.953) (P < .001). Inter-examination reproducibility also demonstrated that the ICCs were excellent (0.918, 0.935) on both ROIs. T2 values between first and second examinations were strongly correlated (r = 0.921, 0.939) (P < .001). In conclusion, T2 mapping seems to be a promising tool for TMJ assessment, regardless of the TMJ condition.
Unifying turbulent dynamics framework distinguishes different brain states
Authors: Escrichs Anira , Perl Yonatan Sanz , Uribe Carme , Camara Estela , Türker Basak , Pyatigorskaya Nadya , López-González Ane , Pallavicini Carla , Panda Rajanikant , Annen Jitka , Gosseries Olivia , Laureys Steven , Naccache Lionel , Sitt Jacobo D. , Laufs Helmut , Tagliazucchi Enzo , Kringelbach Morten L. , Deco Gustavo 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSignificant advances have been made by identifying the levels of synchrony of the underlying dynamics of a given brain state. This research has demonstrated that non-conscious dynamics tend to be more synchronous than in conscious states, which are more asynchronous. Here we go beyond this dichotomy to demonstrate that different brain states are underpinned by dissociable spatiotemporal dynamics. We investigated human neuroimaging data from different brain states (resting state, meditation, deep sleep and disorders of consciousness after coma). The model-free approach was based on Kuramoto’s turbulence framework using coupled oscillators. This was extended by a measure of the information cascade across spatial scales. Complementarily, the model-based approach used exhaustive in silico perturbations of whole-brain models fitted to these measures. This allowed studying of the information encoding capabilities in given brain states. Overall, this framework demonstrates that elements from turbulence theory provide excellent tools for describing and differentiating between brain states.
Quantum-dot-labeled synuclein seed assay identifies drugs modulating the experimental prion-like transmission
Authors: Imamura Yukio , Okuzumi Ayami , Yoshinaga Saki , Hiyama Akiko , Furukawa Yoshiaki , Miyasaka Tomohiro , Hattori Nobutaka , Nukina Nobuyuki 
Published: June 2022

AbstractSynucleinopathies are neurodegenerative disorders including Parkinson disease (PD), dementia with Lewy body (DLB), and multiple system atrophy (MSA) that involve deposits of the protein alpha-synuclein (α-syn) in the brain. The inoculation of α-syn aggregates derived from synucleinopathy or preformed fibrils (PFF) formed in vitro induces misfolding and deposition of endogenous α-syn. This is referred to as prion-like transmission, and the mechanism is still unknown. In this study, we label α-syn PFF with quantum dots and visualize their movement directly in acute slices of brain tissue inoculated with α-syn PFF seeds. Using this system, we find that the trafficking of α-syn seeds is dependent on fast axonal transport and the seed spreading is dependent on endocytosis and neuronal activity. We also observe pharmacological effects on α-syn seed spreading; clinically available drugs including riluzole are effective in reducing the spread of α-syn seeds and this effect is also observed in vivo. Our quantum-dot-labeled α-syn seed assay system combined with in vivo transmission experiment reveals an early phase of transmission, in which uptake and spreading of seeds occur depending on neuronal activity, and a later phase, in which seeds induce the propagation of endogenous misfolded α-syn.
Four-octyl itaconate improves osteoarthritis by enhancing autophagy in chondrocytes via PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling pathway inhibition
Authors: Pan Xuekang , Shan Huajian , Bai Jinyu , Gao Tian , Chen Bao , Shen Zhonghai , Zhou Haibin , Lu Huigen , Sheng Lei , Zhou Xiaozhong 
Published: June 2022

AbstractOsteoarthritis (OA) is a highly prevalent and chronic disorder that is associated with a substantial social and economic burden. Itaconate, as an important regulator of cellular inflammation, is a metabolite synthesised by an enzyme encoded by immune-responsive gene 1. However, there are few studys regarding the effects of itaconate on OA. Here, we show the effect of the cell-permeable itaconate derivative 4-octyl itaconate (OI) on OA. OI attenuates the chondrocyte apoptosis induced by interleukin 1β (IL-1β) in vitro, indicating that OI protect chondrocytes against apoptosis. Moreover, OI ameliorates the chondrocyte autophagy inhibition induced by IL-1β via the inhibition of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling pathway. Finally, OI enhances autophagy and reduces cartilage degradation in a rat model of OA established by destabilization of medial meniscus (DMM). In summary, our findings reveal that OI is involved in regulating the progression of OA. The above results shed light on the treatment of OA.
Efficient hydrodeoxygenation of guaiacol to phenol over Ru/Ti–SiO2 catalysts: the significance of defect-rich TiOx species
Authors: Wang Xinchao , Wang Zhuangqing , Zhou Leilei , Liu Yanchun , Yang Yinze , Zhang Liyan , Shang Zongling , Li Hui , Xiao Tingting , Zhang Chao , Zhao Fengyu 
Published: June 2022

Under relatively mild conditions (240 °C and 0.4 MPa H2), Ru/Ti–SiO2 exhibited higher activity for C–O bond cleavage compared with both Ru/SiO2 and Ru/TiO2 catalysts, and achieved high guaiacol conversion (83.6%) and phenol selectivity (70.4%).
Einstellung der Zahn-Lippen-Relation im parodontal
geschwächten Gebiss mittels Intrusion der Front
Authors: Knocks Larissa , Klenke Daniela , Meyer-Marcotty Philipp 
Published: June 2022

ZusammenfassungDie Parodontitis zählt als chronisch entzündliche Erkrankung des
Zahnhalteapparates zu einer der am häufigsten bakteriell,
inflammatorisch bedingten Erkrankungen im Erwachsenenalter. Als eine zu mehr als
50% auftretende Komorbidität ist die pathologische
Zahnwanderung, die u. a. mit funktionellen Einbußen
(insuffizienter Mundschluss, Sprache, Ästhetik) vergesellschaftet ist.
Nach einer parodontologisch/kieferorthopädischen Therapie wird
eine Wiederherstellung der Funktion und die Verbesserung der knöchernen
Situation der bewegten Zähne erreicht.In der Diagnostik bieten neue Methoden wie die Stereophotogrammetrie
hervorragende Möglichkeiten die Bildgebung non-invasiv zu erweitern und
den Behandlungsverlauf und die damit verbundene Verbesserung der
Weichteilsituation zu beurteilen.Für eine erfolgreiche Therapie ist die Intrusion und Retrusion der
betroffenen Frontzähne mit individuell angepasster Biomechanik
notwendig. Dabei sind zu Beginn der kieferorthopädischen Therapie
entzündungsfreie parodontale Verhältnisse obligat. Mit Hilfe von
segmentierten Apparaturen und skelettaler Verankerung ist eine kontrollierte,
nebenwirkungsarme Intrusion, mit dem Ziel ein funktionelles und dentofaziales
Gleichgewicht zu erreichen, schon in der Nivellierungsphase möglich.Für eine erfolgreiche Therapie und eine gute Prognose mit Verbesserung
bzw. Erhalt der Mundgesundheit ist eine interdisziplinär
parodontlogisch/kieferorthopädische Versorgung notwendig.
Gimme Shelter – Strahlentherapie eines Rezidivs eines
Zungengrundkarzinoms bei einem geriatrischen Patienten
Authors: Holzhauer Peter , Stoll Günther 
Published: June 2022

ZusammenfassungHier vorgestellt wird der Krankheits- und Behandlungsverlauf eines bei
Erstdiagnose 91-jährigen Patienten mit bereits metastasierendem
Zungengrundkarzinom. Initial erfolgt eine Radiochemotherapie, die intensiv durch
eine supportive komplementärmedizinische Behandlung begleitet wurde.
Drei Jahre nach der erfolgreichen Primärtherapie zeigte sich ein lokales
Rezidiv mit diversen Lymphknotenmetastasen. Der Patient wurde erneut bestrahlt.
Wegen des hohen Alters und des reduzierten Allgemeinzustands wurde auf eine
Chemotherapie verzichtet. Von Seiten des Patienten bestand ein dringender
Behandlungswunsch.
Die Rolle des Mikrobioms in der gastrointestinalen
Karzinogenese
Authors: Vasapolli Riccardo , Macke Lukas , Schulz Christian 
Published: June 2022

ZusammenfassungUnter dem Begriff „menschliches Mikrobiom“ wird der Komplex aus
Mikroorganismen – Bakterien, Viren, Pilze, Protozoen und Archaeen
–, welche die Oberflächen, Gewebe und Flüssigkeiten des
menschlichen Körpers besiedeln, zusammengefasst. Sie haben eine
offensichtliche Rolle bei der Kanzerogenese und mit der Verbreitung neuer
Hochdurchsatz-Sequenzierungsmethoden ist die Untersuchung dieser mikrobiellen
Gemeinschaften wesentlich einfacher geworden. Diese Übersichtsarbeit
beschreibt die aktuell verfügbare Evidenz über die Rolle des
Mikrobioms bei der gastrointestinalen Karzinogenese.