bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Will temperature and rainfall changes prevent yield progress in Europe?
Authors: Lopes Marta S. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractConcerns about the effects of global warming on crop yields have been raised due to stagnating yield progress in recent years. However, an understanding of the effects of changes in temperature and rainfall throughout the crop cycle on historical yield progress is lacking in Europe (EU). In this study, positive wheat, barley, rice, and maize yield progress in the EU (1961–2019) was significant, with rates of 0.05, 0.04, 0.05, and 0.07 Tha−1year−1, for the four crops respectively. Much of this progress has been sustained by Eastern European countries (EE), which had the highest yield progress rates. On average, in the case of wheat and barley, a temperature increase of 1°C in the winter resulted in yields increasing by +0.33 Tha−1 in EE. This was potentially due to decreasing cold damage and improved photosynthesis and vegetative growth, supporting positive yield progress. Recent historical (2001–2019) rates of wheat, barley, rice, and maize yield progress were positive in all EU regions except Western Europe (WE), barley in Southern Europe (SE) and wheat in Northern Europe (NE). Stagnated wheat, barley and rice yields in WE were not explained by temperature or rainfall using direct correlations of observed data. However, May and July temperatures were associated with wheat yields in NE (−0.30 Tha−1°C−1), barley in SE (−0.14 Tha−1°C−1) and maize in WE and SE (−0.42 and −0.39 Tha−1°C−1). With increasing temperatures becoming less than optimal for photosynthesis, reducing grain filling duration and increasing drought episodes, crop yields have stagnated for wheat in NE and barley in SE. With consistent increases in temperature and water evaporative demand expected in the future, the interplay among genetic adaptation, increased crop cycle duration, drought tolerance, sowing dates, smart irrigation and sustainable practices may require thorough regional testing to maximise the yields of wheat, barley and maize in Europe.
Influences of CO2‐cured cement powders on hydration of cement paste
Authors: Kong Yukun , Song Yufeng , Weng Yiwei , Kurumisawa Kiyofumi , Yan Dongming , Zhou Xiangming , Wang Su , Ruan Shaoqin 
Published: January 2022

AbstractCarbonated cement pastes (CCP) can be used as stable carbon storage. In this work, CCP were systematically investigated as supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs)‐like components used in ordinary Portland cement (OPC) paste. The fully hydrated cement pastes were pulverized into powders and then exposed to different CO2 pressure conditions (i.e., 1.0, 2.0 and 2.5 MPa) for 24 h. These CCP powders were then mixed with OPC to form a new binder. Various fresh, hardened and microstructural properties of CCP powders and the mixtures were investigated. Initial results show that the CO2 sequestration level of CCP increased with the growth of CO2 pressure, and albeit a pozzolanic reaction occurred inside the mixture, the relatively higher water demand due to the use of 30% replacement of CCP led to the inferior workability and compressive strength than the control group. Finally, a conceptual model relating to the CCP‐OPC paste was proposed, facilitating the comprehension of the hydration behaviours of CCP‐OPC paste. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Brain pathology and cognitive scores prior to onset of late‐life depression
Authors: Almdahl Ina S. , Agartz Ingrid , Hugdahl Kenneth , Korsnes Maria S. ,   for the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: January 2022

AbstractObjectivesUnderstanding the biological changes that occur prior to onset of late‐life depression (LLD) is key to its prevention. To investigate potential predictors of LLD, we assessed cognitive scores and neurodegenerative and vascular biomarkers in healthy older adults who later developed depression.MethodsLongitudinal data from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative of 241 cognitively unimpaired and non‐depressed older adults aged 56–90 at baseline with at least 4 years of follow‐up were included. Participants were classified based on whether they developed an incident depression (n = 96) or not (n = 145). Cognitive measures of memory, executive functioning, and language, and biomarkers proposed to be related to LLD: hippocampal volume, white matter hyperintensity volume (WMH), and cortical and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) amyloid beta levels, were compared between the incident depression and the never‐depressed groups at four time points: at baseline, the visit prior to onset, at onset, and after the onset of depression.ResultsIn the incident depression group, there was a mild decline in cognitive scores from baseline to the visit before depression onset compared with the never‐depressed group. The cognitive differences between the groups became more marked after depression onset. Baseline cortical amyloid burden, CSF amyloid beta levels, and WMH were significant predictors of incident depression. Compared to the non‐depressed group, hippocampal volume was not reduced before onset, but was reduced following depression.ConclusionsAmyloid pathology and WMH can predict future development of LLD in cognitively unimpaired individuals and may be involved in precipitating vulnerability for depression in older adults.
Response of creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera) and weed species to plant growth regulators
Authors: Henry Gerald M. , Moore Madison , Tucker Kevin A. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractFrequent use of plant growth regulators (PGRs) may decrease the recovery of turfgrass from wear and competition with weeds. The response of new creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.) cultivars to PGRs is unknown. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the response of several creeping bentgrass cultivars and common turfgrass weeds to PGRs. Creeping bentgrass cultivars (‘Penncross’, ‘L‐93’, ‘007’, ‘V‐8’, and ‘Tour Pro’) and weed species – goosegrass [Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn.] and large crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis L.) – were examined. The PGR treatments were trinexapac‐ethyl (TE) (48 and 96 g a.i. ha–1) and prohexadione calcium (PC) (116 and 231 g a.i. ha–1). Plants were cut to 2.5 cm after 2 wk, and aboveground plant tissue was weighed to obtain biomass. Only 116 g a.i. ha–1 of PC was required to regulate creeping bentgrass, although the higher rate (96 g a.i. ha–1) of TE was needed for moderate regulation [40–50% growth inhibition (GI)], regardless of the cultivar. Some creeping bentgrass cultivars exhibited a differential response to PGRs. The lowest response to TE (22–33% GI) was observed in ‘V‐8’; however, ‘V‐8’ was strongly regulated by PC (79–80% GI). Neither PGR successfully regulated goosegrass (14–30% GI), regardless of the rate, but moderate regulation of large crabgrass (40–49% GI) was achieved by TE at 96 g a.i. ha–1, and PC at 116 and 231 g a.i. ha–1. Recurrent PGR applications may shift turfgrass–weed competition dynamics towards weeds such as goosegrass; however, this effect may be PGR‐specific.
Emotion dysregulation and hoarding symptoms: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Akbari Mehdi , Seydavi Mohammad , Mohammadkhani Shahram , Turchmanovych Nataliya , Chasson Gregory S. , Majlesi Noshin , Hajialiani Vahid , Askari Tahereh 
Published: January 2022

AbstractObjectivesMuch of the research on hoarding is focused on cognition and behavior, with less focus on emotion and its regulation.MethodA comprehensive search yielded nine studies (out of 5581) from which to draw data for the current study. Across the eight studies (nine independent effect sizes) which provided data for 1595 total participants (Meanage = 34.46, SD = 8.78; 64.26% females).ResultsEmotion dysregulation had a medium association with hoarding symptoms (r = 0.43). The effect was strong (r = 0.61) in some populations and weaker (r = 0.19) in others. However, it was higher in nonclinical samples than in clinical samples. Also, the strength of the association between hoarding and emotion regulation differed by the type of hoarding measures adopted in the individual studies. Moreover, there were no statistically significant differences between emotion dysregulation facets and hoarding.ConclusionThe findings highlight the importance of studying emotions and emotion regulation in hoarding.
Profiles of women with postpartum depressive symptoms: A latent profile analysis using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale factors
Authors: Branquinho Mariana , Canavarro Maria Cristina , Fonseca Ana 
Published: January 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo examine the multidimensionality of symptoms assessed with the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and to identify and characterize the profiles of women with Postpartum Depression (PPD) symptoms.MethodsA sample of 487 Portuguese postpartum women with clinically relevant depressive symptoms participated in this cross‐sectional online study. Confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to analyze the factor structure of the EPDS. A latent profile analysis based on the EPDS factors was conducted. Differences in sociodemographic characteristics and risk factors between profiles were explored.ResultsThree EPDS factors were confirmed: depression, anxiety, and anhedonia. Based on these dimensions, three profiles with different symptom severities were found: mild anxious‐depressive symptoms; severe PPD symptoms; and moderate anxious‐depressive symptoms.ConclusionIdentifying profiles of women with PPD symptoms according to the EPDS factors allows to understand the distinct paths of development of PPD and can inform the development of tailored interventions.
Palyno‐morphological diversity of Asteraceous and Poaceous allergenic plant using microscopic techniques in lesser Himalaya‐Pakistan
Authors: Anar Maryam , Ahmad Mushtaq , Zafar Sadia , Elnaggar Ashraf Y. , Zafar Muhammad , Sultana Shazia , Tariq Akash , Anjum Farida , Hussein Enas E. , Kiliç Ömer , Ozdemir Fethi Ahmet 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn classification and identification of plant species, palyno morphological character has remain helpful for plant taxonomist. The aim to investigation this study was to identify the characteristic features of Asteraceae and Poaceae family member collected from lower Himalayas of Pakistan. Light microscope and Scanning electron microscope were used for feature study of allergenic pollen. Our study includes 10 species of Asteraceae and Poaceae family. The most dominant shape of pollen was Oblate‐spheroidal, Prolate‐Spheroidal, Prolate and Suboblate shape of pollen. Quantitative character of pollen includes maximum pollen diameter found in Dichanthium annulatum (46.0 μm) and minimum polar axis pollen diameter found in Parthenium hysterophorous (16.0 μm). Similarly highest value of P/E ratio was noted in Cenchrus echinatus (1.05) and smallest value of P/E ratio was observed in Erigeron bonariensis (0.88). Poaceae family member were monoporate. Character feature of exine sculpturing include Microechinate, granulate, echinate, conical base, lacunae Nanogammate, Aerolate‐Scabratre, Verrucate, like variation found in exine of both family member. Highest value of pollen fertility was observed in P. hysterophorous 93%, Similarly maximum value of pollen sterility was noted in E. bonariensis and Brachiaria reptans 24%. This investigation provides the characteristic feature of allergenic pollen species and help to arrange them in define class.Research Highlights
Pollen has affected many people around the world.
Using microscopic techniques, morpho‐palynological analysis of Asteraceae and Poaceae families were recognized.
LM and SEM study show both qualitative and quantitative character of pollen.
Identification of allergenic pollen and microscopic identified character play important role for proper guideline of identification of pollen having allergenic potential.
Challenges and opportunities in the establishment of a hereditary breast cancer clinic at an academic medical center in a low‐middle income country
Authors: Ehsan Lubaina , Waheed Muhammad Talha , Akbar Fizza , Siddiqui Zahraa , Sattar Abida K. , Kirmani Salman 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIt is now standard of care to offer genetic testing to patients at risk of hereditary breast cancer and make management decisions based on these results. Although great strides have been made in ensuring access to genetic testing and genetic counseling by establishing hereditary breast cancer clinics in well‐resourced countries, these are essentially non‐existent in low‐middle income countries like Pakistan. We established a hereditary breast cancer clinic involving a multidisciplinary team, including a medical geneticist and a genetic counselor. Our efforts were based on consensus guidelines and included educating medical providers about the importance of genetic testing in breast cancer care and the mandatory presence of a genetics team member at the weekly Breast Tumor Board meeting. This resulted in an increase in the number of referrals of breast cancer patients for genetic testing. In this report, we describe the challenges we faced in setting up such a system in Pakistan and the measures to overcome them. There is a need to establish such hereditary breast cancer clinics, which can also be replicated at other centers in low‐resource settings, to improve standardized assessment and management of the patients with hereditary breast cancer according to consensus guidelines.
Monochromatic connected matchings in 2‐edge‐colored multipartite graphs
Authors: Balogh József , Kostochka Alexandr , Lavrov Mikhail , Liu Xujun 
Published: January 2022

AbstractA matching in a graph is connected if all the edges of are in the same component of . Following Łuczak, there have been many results using the existence of large connected matchings in cluster graphs with respect to regular partitions of large graphs to show the existence of long paths and other structures in these graphs. We prove exact Ramsey‐type bounds on the sizes of monochromatic connected matchings in 2‐edge‐colored multipartite graphs. In addition, we prove a stability theorem for such matchings.
NeuroImmunoEndocrinology: A brief historic narrative
Authors: Ponce-Regalado María Dolores , Pérez-Sánchez Gilberto , Rojas-Espinosa Oscar , Arce-Paredes Patricia , Girón-Peréz M Iván , Pavón-Romero Lenin , Becerril-Villanueva Enrique 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAlthough no precise moment or unique event marks its birth, neuroimmunoendocrinology arguably shares a great deal of history with other medical and biologic disciplines. It originated from empirical observations and suppositions that failed to prevail upon the existing axioms. Despite the widespread resistance to embracing novel ideas, the seeming defeats inspired visionary researchers. Those pioneers managed to systematize the emerging knowledge and were able to contribute to science with real foundations. In consequence, new concepts and ideas arose in physiology, anatomy, endocrinology and early immunology. Together, they gave rise to a budding approach on the integration between the nervous, immune and endocrine systems. Then, neuroimmunoendocrinology emerged as a discipline integrating an intricate system with multidirectional functions and interactions that allow for responding to internal and external threats. Such response is mediated by cytokines, hormones and neurotransmitters, involved in different physiologic mechanisms of the organism homeostasis. Neuroimmunoendocrinology is no longer an area of scientific skepticism; on the contrary, it has cemented its position as a biomedical discipline worldwide for the past 70 years. Now, it offers a better understanding of pathologic processes.
Geographic differences in therapy for stage I non‐small‐cell lung cancer in older adults
Authors: Dezube Aaron R. , Mazzola Emanuele , Cooper Lisa , Deeb Ashley L. , De‐Leon Luis E. , Singer Lisa , Jacobson Francine L. , Jaklitsch Michael T. , Wiener Daniel 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundGeographic and socioeconomic factors impact patient treatment choices for certain cancers. Whether they impact treatment in older adults with lung cancer is unknown. We investigated geographic differences in treatment for stage I non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in older adults in the United States.MethodsUsing the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results Database 18th submission, a cohort of stage I NSCLC patients ≥60‐years‐old was created. Treatment differences (surgery or radiation alone) by geographic location and socioeconomic factors were analyzed.ResultsForty‐three thousand three hundred and eighty‐seven stage I NSCLC patients were analyzed. Demographics and socioeconomic factors varied across all 13 states (p < 0.001). Surgery was the most common treatment in all states (range 58.6% in AK to 86.5% in CT) (all p < 0.001). Our multivariable analysis found older individuals had higher odds of getting radiation as compared to surgery (odds ratio [OR]: 1.22 for 65–69 years‐old to OR: 8.95 for 85+ years‐old; p < 0.001). Multiple states (LA, HI, IA, MI, WA, NM) were associated with increased odds of radiation use (vs. surgery alone) (all p < 0.05). People with lower education level (OR: 0.98) and median income (OR: 0.99) and non‐Black race (OR: 0.52 for “other” to OR: 0.68 for “White” race with respect to Black race) were associated with lower odds of radiation (p < 0.05).ConclusionsOur study identified treatment differences for stage I NSCLC patients in the United States related to demographics, socioeconomic factors, and geographic location.
Prognostic evaluation of the proposed residual tumor classification in a Chinese non‐small cell lung cancer population
Authors: Ren Yijiu , She Yunlang , Tang Hai , Deng Jiajun , Jiang Gening , Wu Chunyan , Zhu Yuming , Zheng Hui , Chen Chang 
Published: January 2022

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to validate the R classification including uncertain resection (R‐un) proposed by the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC) in a Chinese non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) population.MethodsThe study retrospectively investigated a 2009–2013 single‐institutional NSCLC resection cohort in China. After reclassification, recurrence‐free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) were calculated using survival analyses and compared with those using the 2005 version IASLC R classification.ResultsUnder the proposed stratification, 3819 (72.1%) individuals were classified as R0, 1371 (25.9%) as R‐un, 71 (1.3%) as R1, and 32 (0.6%) as R2. The 5‐year OS probabilities for the R0, R‐un, and R1/R2 groups were 71%, 46%, and 34%, respectively. The prognostic stratification remained significant in the fully adjusted Cox models (p < 0.001). Compared with the original classification, Harrell's concordance index of reclassification improved significantly, from 0.508 to 0.679 for RFS and from 0.510 to 0.692 for OS (RFS: p = 0.007; OS: p = 0.001). The survival analysis showed that R‐un patients with highest mediastinal lymph node station metastasis had significantly worse survival than R0 patients with mediastinal nodal metastasis (RFS: 44 vs. 36 months, hazard ratio [HR]: 1.29, p < 0.001; OS: 59 vs. 50 months, HR: 1.34, p < 0.001). Cox proportional hazards regression analysis showed that highest mediastinal lymph node station metastasis was an independent risk factor for RFS (HR: 1.22) and OS (HR: 1.25).ConclusionsThe proposed R classification showed valid prognostic stratification, including highest mediastinal nodal station metastasis.
Miniature Otto Prism Coupler for Integrated Photonics
Authors: Safronov Kirill R. , Bessonov Vladimir O. , Akhremenkov Daniil V. , Sirotin Maxim A. , Romodina Maria N. , Lyubin Evgeny V. , Soboleva Irina V. , Fedyanin Andrey A. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractOne of the main issues in integrated photonics is the coupling of free‐space or optical fiber radiation to waveguides on the photonic chip surface. The ideal coupler is miniature, highly efficient, and provides a large number of addressable devices. Here, a new concept of 3D out‐of‐plane coupler is introduced, which is a microscale prism exploiting frustrated total internal reflection in the Otto configuration to excite surface electromagnetic waves or near‐surface waveguide modes. A method for designing the couplers operating at normal incidence is proposed and it is applied to excite Bloch surface waves (BSWs) in 1D photonic crystals. Polymer microprisms are printed using two‐photon laser lithography and allow transferring more than 40% of the incident light energy into BSWs. The couplers enable focusing BSWs simultaneously with their excitation. Advanced design prisms can provide nearly 100% efficiency, making the proposed concept an alternative to actual coupling concepts in integrated photonics.
Prediction of the tribological characteristics of non‐Gaussian rough surfaces during sliding wear in mixed lubrication
Authors: Zhao Jiang , Li Zhengminqing , Zhang Hong , Zhu Rupeng 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn mixed lubrication, material wear is inevitably caused due to solid contact. Simultaneously, the surface morphology after wear will affects the lubrication performance. To understand this coupling process, virtual surface reconstruction technology and mixed lubrication sliding wear model were applied to predict the evolution of wear characteristics and lubrication characteristics during wear in this study. The effects of the roughness root mean square (RMS), roughness direction and wavelength ratio on the contact area ratio, the contact load ratio, accumulated wear, film thickness and the friction coefficient were analysed. The results indicated that the contact area ratio and the contact load ratio and the friction coefficient decreased and average film thickness increased with the increase in the number of the wear cycles. In addition, a surface with low‐roughness RMS, longitudinal roughness texture and high‐wavelength ratio is suitable for improving lubrication performance and reducing wear.
What goes around comes around: The effect of belief in karma on charitable donation behavior
Authors: Chen Ming , Chu Xing‐Yu (Marcos) , Lin Chien‐Huang , Yu Shih‐Heng 
Published: January 2022

AbstractKarma is the notion that one's current actions will have consequences in the future. The present research links the belief in karma with a guilt appeal and examines how believing in karma influences the individuals' donation behaviors. The results of four studies demonstrate that for people who hold a strong belief in karma, guilt appeals can arouse the motivation to engage in prosocial activities to remedy past demerits. This “remedy demerits” motivation is the reason why individuals who hold a strong (vs. weak) belief in karma are more likely to donate time (rather than money) and donate money in lump sums (rather than in installments) when the charitable appeal is framed in terms of guilt. Our findings contribute to the literature on specific beliefs, individuals' prosocial behaviors, and the motivations of individuals who believe in karma as concerns their responses to charitable appeals. Charitable organizations can apply the findings by targeting their donor solicitations to individuals who believe in karma to enhance engagement in prosocial activities, and by using karma priming advertisements to induce individuals to think karmically, thus more efficiently promoting specific donation choices.