bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
AV‐node isolation as an alternative to AV‐node ablation in patients undergoing pace & ablate strategy
Authors: Lemke Lisa , El Hamriti Mustapha , Braun Martin , Baridwan Nafilah , Sciacca Vanessa , Fink Thomas , Khalaph Moneeb , Guckel Denise , Eitz Thomas , Sohns Christian , Sommer Philipp , Imnadze Guram 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIntroductionAtrioventricular (AV)‐node ablation (AVNA) is a common therapy option for rate control strategy of permanent atrial fibrillation (AF). We hypothesized that isolation of the AV nodal isolation (AVNI) is associated with a more frequent preservation of an adequate escape rhythm compared to AVNA.MethodsThis retrospective study included 20 patients with therapy‐refractory AF being treated with AVNI and 40 historical AVNA‐controls. In AVNI the AV‐node region was mapped using a 3D mapping system. Ablation was performed around the previously mapped HIS‐cloud regions isolating the atrium from the AV‐node. In the AVNI group, ablation was performed with irrigated tip ablation catheter in all cases. The two approaches were compared regarding rate of escape rhythm, delta QRS, and procedural data.ResultsThe number of patients with adequate escape rhythm in AVNI was significantly superior to AVNA immediately postoperative (90% vs. 40%, p < 0.01) and during follow‐up (77% vs. 36%, p < 0.05). The median change in QRS width was 0 ms in AVNI versus +26 ms in AVNA (p < 0.01). Thirty percent new bundle branch blocks in AVNA were observed compared to 0% in AVNI (p < 0.01). In the AVNI group, fluoroscopy time and total dose area product were significantly lower (p < 0.01).ConclusionThe present study suggests that AV‐node isolation using 3D navigation mapping system is a feasible and effective alternative to conventional AVNA. The precise application of radiofrequency lesions preserves a stable AV‐junctional rhythm.
The impact of COVID‐19 on the psychosocial well‐being of older adults: A literature review
Authors: Seckman Charlotte 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIntroductionThe novel coronavirus SARS‐CoV2 (COVID‐19) was declared a global pandemic in 2020 with the greatest risk to older adults. Prolonged restrictions and isolation threaten the social and emotional welfare of vulnerable groups with concerns focused on the long‐term impact of this pandemic on the health and well‐being of aging populations.PurposeUsing the Socioemotional Selectivity Theory (STT) as a conceptual framework, the purpose of this literature review was to explore the impact of COVID‐19 on the psychological and social well‐being of older adults.MethodsNumerous academic and healthcare‐related databases were searched to yield 24 relevant primary research articles, published during the pandemic (2020–2022), for analysis.Results/ConclusionsOverall results indicated the pandemic had a significant negative affect on the psychological and social well‐being of older adults to include those with cognitive impairments and dementia despite perceptions of reduced awareness. There were significant differences between age groups with older adults reporting greater emotional stability and coping skills than younger cohorts. Although supportive services and the use of technology‐enhanced well‐being these resources were reduced during the pandemic due to lack of trained staff, funding, and other socioeconomic or political barriers. The SST proposes that feelings of satisfaction, a sense of belonging, and purpose are important for emotional well‐being but the pandemic challenged these goals and, for many, resulted in stress, anxiety, and depression.Clinical RelevanceHealthcare providers and policymakers need to be aware of the negative consequences triggered by the prolonged pandemic and take measures to provide services that support the psychosocial well‐being of older adults.
Effects of perceived quality on consumer attitudes and satisfaction: Focus on lip products
Authors: Lim Suyeun , Kwon Ki Han 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundGrowth of national and economic development industrial and economic standards has raised women's social status, and the consumption value of aesthetic pursuit, which is the mainstream among women's diverse needs as consumers, has been increasing in quantities.AimThis study attempted to investigate what are the consumer selection criteria for lip products represented by the lipstick effect that creates continuous demand even in the COVID‐19 era, and the main factors driving the continuous demand for lip products.MethodsWe collected research data through a survey targeting 600 male and female consumers who had purchased lip products through online/offline stores during the COVID‐19 period (2020–2021) in Korea.ResultsAs a result of examining the effect of perceived quality on consumer attitude formation on lip products, the factors of usability sensitivity and price had a positive effect on consumer attitude formation. Consumer awareness of lip products naturally acts as a bridge to consumer satisfaction.ConclusionThis study focused on consumers' perception and potential for development of lip products whose demand has rather rebounded due to the lipstick effect during the COVID‐19 crisis. It is thought that this will act as a positive mechanism for the formation of a favorable attitude toward lip products by consumers.
The impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on first‐generation women test‐takers: Magnifying adversities, stress, and consequences for bar exam performance
Authors: Freiburger Erin , Quintanilla Victor D. , Hugenberg Kurt , Erman Sam , Yel Nedim , Kim Anita , Murphy Mary C. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBy magnifying gender‐ and socioeconomic status‐based inequalities, the COVID‐19 pandemic caused stress and disrupted career progress for professional students. The present work investigated the impact of pandemic‐related stress and prevailing barriers on structurally disadvantaged women preparing for a high‐stakes professional exam. In Study 1, we found that among US law students preparing for the October 2020 California Bar Exam—the professional exam that enables one to become a practicing attorney in California—first‐generation women reported the greatest stress from pandemic‐related burdens and underperformed on the exam relative to others overall, and particularly compared to continuing‐generation women. This underperformance was explained by pandemic‐related stress they contended with most, as well as by structural demands shouldered most by first‐generation test‐takers regardless of gender. Even when controlling for the structural features of caregiving and working while studying, the psychological burdens experienced most by first‐generation women predicted lower exam success. Study 2 investigated the February 2021 California Bar Exam. Consistent with Study 1, first‐generation women test‐takers reported the most pandemic‐related stress, which predicted lower exam performance above and beyond structural barriers to exam success. We offer policy prescriptions to bolster the success of at‐risk groups in the legal profession pipeline, a challenge magnified by the pandemic.
Early‐life residential exposure to moisture damage is associated with persistent wheezing in a Finnish birth cohort
Authors: Tischer Christina , Täubel Martin , Kirjavainen Pirkka V. , Depner Martin , Hyvärinen Anne , Piippo‐Savolainen Eija , Pekkanen Juha , Karvonen Anne M. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackground and AimsMoisture damage increases the risk for respiratory disorders in childhood. Our aim was to determine whether early age residential exposure to inspector‐observed moisture damage or mold is associated with different wheezing phenotypes later in childhood.MethodsBuilding inspections were performed by civil engineers, in a standardized manner, in the children's homes—mostly single family and row houses (N = 344)—in the first year of life. The children were followed up with repeated questionnaires until the age of 6 years and wheezing phenotypes—never/infrequent, transient, intermediate, late onset, and persistent—were defined using latent class analyses. The multinomial logistic regression model was used for statistical analysis.ResultsA total of 63% (n = 218) had infrequent or no wheeze, 23% (n = 80) had transient and 9.6% (n = 21) had a persistent wheeze. Due to the low prevalence, results for intermediate (3.8%, n = 13) and late‐onset wheeze (3.5%, n = 12) were not further evaluated. Most consistent associations were observed with the persistent wheeze phenotype with an adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence intervals) 2.04 (0.67–6.18) for minor moisture damage with or without mold spots (present in 23.8% of homes) and 3.68 (1.04–13.05) for major damage or any moisture damage with visible mold in a child's main living areas (present in 13.4% of homes). Early‐age moisture damage or mold in the kitchen was associated with transient wheezing.ConclusionAt an early age, residential exposure to moisture damage or mold, can be dose‐dependently associated especially with persistent wheezing phenotype later in childhood.
Sensing Design, Trajectory Planning, and Motion Control of a Cable-Driven Redundant Manipulator Composed of Quaternion Joints
Authors: Huang Yifan , Yan Lei , Yang Taiwei , Hu Zhonghua , Xu Wenfu 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
A cable-driven redundant manipulator (CDRM) composed of quaternion joints has important applications in confined space, including minimal invasive surgery, aircraft parts assembly, environment exploring, and so on. Benefitting from the unique joint characteristic and cable routing, it can achieve a larger workspace with fewer driving modules than traditional universal joint CDRM. However, the positioning accuracy of the end-effector suffers from the lack of joint feedback information and the delay effect of cable driving mechanisms. In this paper, we propose an equivalent sensing method and design corresponding sensors for each quaternion joint, and develop a high precision controller for the whole manipulator. The motion sensing of the quaternion joint is achieved by establishing the kinematics between its bending pose and middle limb joints. To realize real-time estimation, the fitting technique is adopted. To improve the efficiency of path planning, a geometric iterative inverse kinematics approach for quaternion joint CDRM is proposed based on the isosceles trapezoid simplified model. Furthermore, an accurate controller is designed by combining the feedforward gain and modified PID feedback control. Finally, an 8DOF CDRM prototype with four quaternion joints is developed, and the experiment verifies the effectiveness of the proposed method.
When knickzones limit upstream transmission of base-level fall: An example from Kaua‘i, Hawai‘i
Authors: Raming L. Wren , Whipple Kelin X 
Published: October 2022

AbstractA threshold drainage area limits fluvial transmission of base-level fall and may be expressed in the form of a waterfall or a series of waterfalls, defined here as a knickzone. Knickzones on the west coast of Kaua‘i, Hawai‘i (USA), exhibit evidence of a threshold drainage area. Eighteen (18) of the 25 knickzones in our study area are located at the coast or a tributary junction, have a drainage area &lt;1.5 km2, and have been stationary for at least 1.5 m.y. The other seven knickzones are located &gt;1 km upstream from the coast or nearest tributary junction and range in drainage area from 1 to 5.5 km2. Both sets of knickzones limit incision relative to canyons without knickzones. Field observations show strong ‘a‘ā flows and dikes always crop out at the lip of knickzones, suggesting these resistant rocks and coarse sediment generated from them act to inhibit knickzone migration. A model incorporating flood records and channel conditions above knickzones shows thresholds of coarse sediment entrainment are never exceeded below 1 km2. Our results demonstrate knickzones on the west coast of Kaua‘i are enduring features explained by resistant lava flows and physical limits in bedrock incision.
The SPIN Setup at U-70: Description of the Equipment
Authors: Antonov N. N. , Viktorov V. A. , Gapienko V. A. , Gapienko G. S. , Gres’ V. N. , Prudkoglyad A. F. , Romanovskii V. A. , Semak A. A. , Solodovnikov I. P. , Terekhov V. I. , Ukhanov M. N. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe SPIN experiment is carried out with the aim of studying inclusive production of charged particles with high transverse momenta in hard proton−nucleus and nucleus−nucleus interactions. A single-arm narrow-aperture spectrometer is used in the study. The uniqueness of the experiment is in the high intensity of the proton (1012−1013 protons/s) and ion (of the order of 5 × 109 ions/s) beams ejected from the U-70 accelerator, which makes it possible to measure inclusive cross sections varying by seven orders of magnitude. The SPIN setup is able to detect particles with momenta in a kinematic domain of nucleon−nucleon interactions as well as beyond its limits. The spectrometer equipment and the features of the measurement procedure are described.
Quadrupole Antenna and Diagnostic Complex for Ion Cyclotron Plasma Heating and Current Drive at the L-2M Stellarator
Authors: Meshcheryakov A. I. , Grishina I. A. , Vafin I. Yu. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract—
A quadrupole antenna has been designed and produced at the L-2M stellarator for experiments on ion cyclotron plasma heating and current drive. Using a power meter of the incident and reflected waves, the first measurements of the radiation resistance of the antenna have been performed in the ohmic heating regime. The radiation resistance of the antenna has been measured as a function of the mean plasma density. It is shown that the fraction of absorbed power ensured by the coaxial modes is 25%. The created quadrupole antenna can also be used for current drive. The proposed method is based on the conversion of fast magnetosonic waves to slow magnetosonic waves with their subsequent absorption by plasma electrons, which is accompanied by current drive processes.
Sorption and Gas Transport Characteristics of Polyimides Based on a Mixture of Diethyl Toluene Diamine Isomers
Authors: Alentiev A. Yu. , Ryzhikh V. E. , Nikiforov R. Yu. , Bezgin D. A. , Chirkov S. V. , Belov N. A. , Orlova A. M. , Kuznetsov A. A. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The transport of oxygen, nitrogen, and hydrocarbons C1–C4 in polyimides based on 4,4'-(hexafluoroisopropylidene)diphthalic anhydride (6FDA) and biphenyl-3,3',4,4'-tetracarboxylic acid dianhydride (BPDA) and diethyl toluene diamine (DETDA) has been studied. The dependences of the diffusion coefficient on the diffusant effective diameter and the solubility coefficients on the Lennard–Jones potential of pair interaction have been considered. It is shown that the diffusion coefficients of butane are out of the linear dependence of the logarithm of the diffusion coefficient on the square of the effective diameter of the diffusant, which may indicate the plasticization of polymers with butane at a pressure of 1 atm. The permeability of mixtures of gases O2–N2 (29 : 71 v/v) and CO2–CH4 (62 : 38 v/v) has been studied. There are no significant differences in the gas separation parameters in comparison with the experiment for individual gases; however, for a mixture of CO2–CH4, a slight increase in the separation factor has been found as compared to the ideal selectivity. The data on the measurement of sorption isotherms and solubility coefficients O2, N2, and CH4 are also presented in the article. Gas solubility coefficients have been found to be close to the values obtained indirectly as P/D.
The Mercedes water Cherenkov detector
Authors: Assis P. , Bakalová A. , Barres de Almeida U. , Brogueira P. , Conceição R. , De Angelis A. , Gibilisco L. , González B. S. , Guillén A. , La Mura G. , Mendes L. M. D. , Mendes L. F. , Pimenta M. , Shellard R. C. , Tomé B. , Vícha J. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe concept of a small, single-layer water Cherenkov detector, with three photomultiplier tubes (PMTs), placed at its bottom in a $$120^{\circ }$$

120
∘

star configuration (Mercedes Water Cherenkov Detector) is presented. The PMTs are placed near the lateral walls of the stations with an adjustable inclination and may be installed inside or outside the water volume. To illustrate the technical viability of this concept and obtain a first-order estimation of its cost, an engineering design was elaborated. The sensitivity of these stations to low energy Extensive Air Shower (EAS) electrons, photons and muons is discussed, both in compact and sparse array configurations. It is shown that the analysis of the intensity and time patterns of the PMT signals, using machine learning techniques, enables the tagging of muons, achieving an excellent gamma/hadron discrimination for TeV showers. This concept minimises the station production and maintenance costs, allowing for a highly flexible and fast installation. Mercedes Water Cherenkov Detectors (WCDs) are thus well-suited for use in high-altitude large gamma-ray observatories covering an extended energy range from the low energies, closing the gap between satellite and ground-based measurements, to very high energy regions, beyond the PeV scale.
Fitness differences between parthenogenetic litters of the synanthropic scorpion Tityus stigmurus (Scorpiones: Buthidae)
Authors: Dionisio-da-Silva Welton , Albuquerque Cleide M.R. , Lira André F.A. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Clonal lineages in similar environments may be influenced by non-Mendelian inheritance, such as maternal age effects and developmental instabilities. These mechanisms may affect the developmental fitness of parthenogenetic litters. In this study, the scorpion Tityus stigmurus (Thorell, 1876) was used to analyze the effects of non-Mendelian variation on parthenogenetic litters. A total of 75 juveniles from five females were reared under the same controlled conditions, while their development was observed and evaluated through differences in offspring fitness traits (litter size, prosoma size, developmental time, and mortality) between the litters. First and second litters had a similar litter size, although second litters exhibited longer developmental time in the early instar stages (second and third) than first litters. These results indicate that T. stigmurus females allocated nutrient resources to maximize litter size rather than developmental fitness in subsequent litters. Differences in developmental time found in early instars but not in late instars may have occurred as a result of stochastic developmental variations in young individuals. Such variation in duration of development has the potential to influence survival of juveniles in natural environments because individuals that grow faster may avoid large predators and consume larger prey, compared to those that do not.
Infodemics in Mexico: A look at the Animal Político and Verificado fact-checking platforms
Authors: Aguila Sánchez Julio C , Pereyra-Zamora Pamela 
Published: October 2022

Background: The COVID-19 crisis has been a fertile ground for misinformation due to several factors such as the uncertainty typical of crises, the hasty handling of information, the virality provided by social networks and the scarce resources that average citizens have to discern between what is true and what is false in the health information they consume. Objective: In this context, this article aims to characterise the COVID-19 hoaxes registered on the Mexican fact-checking platforms Animal Político and Verificado during 2020 and 2021. Method and design: The method used in this study was predominantly quantitative and took the form of content analysis. This method was applied to hoaxes registered on these two fact-checking sites. Results: The primary type of hoax encountered was one of deception, followed by decontextualisation, exaggeration and joking. Disinformation circulates mainly in social media, in various formats that make the false seem more credible. We found that public figures and the media contribute to the spread of health hoaxes. However, they do not contain hate speech as has been the case in other contexts informed by xenophobic and racist agenda. Conclusion: The disinformation on COVID-19 registered on the Mexican fact-checking platforms Animal Político and Verificado during 2020 and 2021 is characterised by a marked concern to question the role of vaccination in confronting and controlling the pandemic. In this way, denialist, conspiracy and anti-vaccine ideas have come to permeate public debate.
Additive manufacturing of silicone-thermoplastic elastomeric composite architectures
Authors: Liu Wenbo , Campbell Ronald R , Periyasamy Mookkan , Hickner Michael A 
Published: October 2022

Additive manufacturing (AM) methods such as fused filament fabrication (FFF) and direct ink writing (DIW) enable the free-form design and printing of complex architectures using a range of materials. Compared with traditional manufacturing technologies, AM methods are highly automated to reduce waste, assembly costs, and processing errors. By combining different AM deposition methods, we can fabricate composite materials with desired spatial arrangements and anisotropies to meet unique design requirements and to produce integrated multi-material components that are not easily manufactured by traditional strategies. To address a wide variety of mechanical performance requirements, developing hybrid AM technologies into a low-cost, fully-automated manufacturing process can realize a number of new types of elastomer composite architectures. In this work, FFF and DIW methods have been combined to fabricate thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) reinforced silicone composite materials. Several specimens with different silicone and TPU infill patterns have been designed to characterize the mechanical compression responses of these structures. With 40–80% infill percentages of silicone and 20–60% infill percentages of TPU, composites specimens can be designed to get any specified compression response between 600 N and 9000 N. This TPU-reinforced silicone printing technique can be applied for silicone composite architecture design in a wide range of applications that require tunable elastic responses.
Social Change and Race-Specific Homicide Trajectories: An Age-Period-Cohort Analysis
Authors: Lu Yunmei , Luo Liying , Santos Mateus R. 
Published: October 2022

Objectives Social change and the aging process are racially bifurcated in the United States, where Black and White populations have long lived in divergent social worlds. This study examines the cohort patterns and life-course trajectories of Black and White homicide involvement over the past four decades. Data and Methods The study uses data from the Supplemental Homicide Reports and Age-Period-Cohort-Interaction (APC-I) models to analyze race-specific trends of (alleged) homicide offending and victimization between 1976 and 2018 in the U.S. Results Results reveal similar patterns in the age, period, and cohort effects on Black and White homicide involvement. However, while the shapes of these trajectories are comparable, the volatility in cohort effects on homicide is much more accentuated for Black cohorts than White cohorts. We also find racial differences for cohorts born after 1990, with a downward cohort pattern among the White group but a flat cohort trend among the Black group. Conclusions Findings suggest that Black cohorts’ homicide involvement is more susceptible than White cohorts’ to the influence of external social changes (e.g., economic downturn, the crack epidemic). In addition, an increasing racial gap between Black and White populations is found among the recent birth cohorts. Possible mechanisms are discussed.