bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Handling talk
Authors: Bressem Jana , Wegener Claudia 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis paper discusses how a particular type of recurrent gesture, the holding away gesture, highlights and structures spoken utterances in German and Savosavo, a Papuan language spoken in Solomon Islands in the Southwest Pacific. In particular, the paper poses the following questions: What kinds of discursive functions of this gesture are observable in these speech communities? How do they map onto the two speech communities? Are there cross-linguistic similarities and differences detectable? What motivates similarity and variation across speech communities? UtilizingFraser’s (1999)pragmatic classification of discourse markers, it is shown that the holding away gesture shows the connection of topics and messages. For both languages, we explore the functional diversity of the gesture. Some functions are found in both data sets, though the proportions differ, while others are exclusively found in one or the other. Finally, we discuss how differences in discourse type and interactional setting may facilitate specific forms and uses of the holding away gesture.
French and British children’s shrugs
Authors: Beaupoil-Hourdel Pauline , Morgenstern Aliyah 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis paper presents a multimodal and form-based approach to language development grounded in situated practices and focuses on the longitudinal analysis of a composite gesture, the shrug, in two datasets of mother-child interactions in French and British English. The shrug in its full-fledged form can combine a palm-up, lifted shoulders, a head tilt, raised eyebrows and a mouth shrug (Kendon, 2004;Streeck, 2009). All formal components and functions of the two children’s shrugs between the ages of 1 and 4;2 were coded within the multimodal ongoing discourse. Multiple correspondence analyses were combined with detailed qualitative analyses. Despite differences in the two children, interesting similarities in the development were observed over three periods: (1) absence is mainly expressed with palm-ups; (2) both children start using head tilts and shoulder lifts to express epistemicity and interpersonal positioning; (3) head tilts increase, and each body part is more clearly associated with one function.
The Slapping movement as an embodied practice of dislike
Authors: Ladewig Silva H. , Hotze Lena 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This paper introduces the Slapping movement as an embodied practice of dislike or meta-commentary recurring in conflictive situations between German children aged four to six (Hotze, 2019). Children move this way primarily in stopping a co-participant’s action and protesting against the action to be stopped. The Slapping movements documented showed different manners of execution. Some forms appeared to be very expressive, others were more schematic. Inspired by a phenomenological approach to gestures our analysis shows that the movement qualities show different degrees of communicative effort and affective intensity which respond to the inter-affective dynamics unfolding between the participants of a situation. This means that the affective intensities unfolding in an interaction not only give rise to the Slapping movement, but they also influence how the hands are moved. In more detail, we observed that the higher the affective intensities become the larger and more vigorous the Slapping movements are.
The relationship between extramural English engagement and the vocabulary size of L1 Cantonese speakers in Macau
Authors: Tam Ho I (Anna) , Reynolds Barry Lee 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This study investigated the relationship between the English vocabulary size of first language Cantonese speakers in Macau (N = 77) and engagement in extramural English activities. The 140-item Vocabulary Size Test was used to collect data on participants’ vocabulary size and a 13-item questionnaire tapped into background learning experiences as well as participation in 16 extramural activities. Small correlations between vocabulary size and book reading, subtitled television viewing, non-subtitled online video viewing, level of education, study abroad experience, and travel abroad experience were found. A medium correlation between vocabulary size and language of instruction in secondary school was also found. A four variable sequential regression accounted for 26% of the variance in participants’ vocabulary sizes, with book reading adding the most explanatory power after language of instruction in secondary school had been eliminated. The impact of extramural activities on vocabulary size and pedagogical implications for the Macau and similar contexts were discussed.
Multilayer graphene-based radiation modulator for adaptive infrared camouflage with thermal management
Authors: Ding Pei , Wang Pei , Su Jinchao , Mao Bo , Ren Mengshuai , Xu Kun , Tian Shuo , Li Yan , Tian Ximin , Wang Junqiao 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Graphene film is a promising thermal camouflage and thermal management material because of its thin, light, flexible structural characteristics and controllable broad-spectrum electromagnetic radiation modulation properties. In this study, a thermal radiation modulator (TRM) based on multilayer graphene (MLG) was studied by simulation and an equivalent transmission line model. The physical mechanism underlying the spectral characteristics and the sensitivity of infrared (IR) radiation modulation to the number of graphene layers is revealed. Furthermore, to solve the problem of thermal instability in the MLG-based TRM, a design scheme integrating a TRM and a meta-absorber is proposed. By electrical control of the MLG, the improved modulator can achieve dynamic emissivity modulation in the wavelength ranges of 3–5 µm and 8–14 µm for adaptive thermal camouflage while maintaining a high emissivity at 5–8 µm for radiative cooling. The compatibility of tunable IR emission and radiative heat dissipation enables graphene to be used for thermal camouflage in complex environments and at high temperatures. The results not only promote the exploration of advanced thermal camouflage materials or devices but also provide inspiration for the application of graphene in thermal management, thermophotovoltaics, IR displays and communications.
First-principles calculations of bulk WX2 (X = Se, Te) as anode materials for Na ion battery
Authors: Mamoor Muhammad , Lian Ruqian , Wu Xiaoyu , Wang Yizhan , Saadoune Ismael , Wei Yingjin 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides are promising anode materials for Na ion batteries (NIBs). In this study, we carried out a comprehensive investigation to analyze the structural, electrochemical characteristics, and diffusion kinetics of bulk WX2 (X = Se, Te) by employing first-principles calculation in the framework of density functional theory. We deeply studied the full intercalation of Na+ in WX2 and diagnosed Na
y
X phase through conversion reaction mechanism. The voltage range of 2.05–0.48 V vs Na/Na+ for Na
y
WSe2 and 2.26–0.65 V for Na
y
WTe2 (y = 0–3) have been noted. Density of states analysis showed metallic behavior of WX2 (X = Se, Te) during sodiation. The facile pathways for Na+ mobility through WX2 have shown that tungsten dichalcogenides are inferred as excellent electrode material for NIBs.
The chemical bond in solids—revisited
Authors: Jones R O 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This article complements an earlier topical review of the chemical bond (Jones 2018 J. Phys.: Condens. Matter
30 153001), starting in the mid-19th century and seen from the perspective of a condensed matter physicist. The discussion of applications focused on the structure and properties of phase change materials. We review here additional aspects of chemistry, particularly some that have raised interest recently in this context. Concepts such as ‘electron-rich’, ‘electron-deficient (excess orbital)’, ‘hypervalent’, ‘three-centre’, and ‘metavalent’ bonds, and ‘multicentre hyperbonding’ are now found in the condensed matter literature. They are surveyed here, as well as the bond in metals and the ‘Peierls’ distortion. What are these concepts, are they related, and are they sometimes new labels for established, but unfamiliar ideas? ‘Half bonds’ and ‘fractional valencies’ play a central role in this discussion. It is remarkable that they were introduced 100 years ago, but ignored or forgotten, and have needed to be rediscovered more than once.
Electrical resistance tomography-based multi-modality sensor and drift flux model for measurement of oil–gas–water flow
Authors: Rashed Sara , Faraj Yousef , Wang Mi , Wilkinson Stephen 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This paper proposes a novel method to measure each constituent of an oil–gas–water mixture in a water continuous flow, typically encountered in many processes. It deploys a dual-plane electrical resistance tomography sensor for measuring dispersed phase volume fraction and velocity; a gradiomanometer flow density meter and a drift flux model to estimate slip velocities; with absolute pressure and temperature measurements. These data are fused to estimate constituent volume flow rates. Other commonly used operational parameters can be further derived: water cut or water liquid ratio (WLR) and gas volume fraction (GVF). Trials are described for flow rates of water 5–10 m3 h−1; oil 2–10 m3 h−1 and gas 1–15 m3 h−1. The comparative results are included with published data from the Schlumberger Gould Research flow facility. The paper proposes the use of the described configuration for measurement of volume flow rates in oil–gas–water flows with an absolute error of ±10% within GVF 9%–85% and WLR > 45%.
Improving device performance of MAPbI3 photovoltaic cells by manipulating the crystal orientation of tetragonal perovskites
Authors: Chandel Anjali , Bin Ke Qi , Chiang Shou-En , Chang Sheng Hsiung 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The properties of CH3NH3PbI3 (MAPbI3) crystalline thin films and the device performance of highly efficient MAPbI3 photovoltaic cells are investigated by varying the temperature of the antisolvent from 20 °C to 50 °C during the washing enhanced nucleation (WEN) process. The surface, structural, optoelectronic and defect properties of the perovskite thin films are characterized through atomic-force microscopy, X-ray diffractometry and photoluminescence spectrometry. The experimental results show that changing the temperature of the antisolvent during the WEN process can manipulate the MAPbI3 crystalline thin films from the (110)–(002) complex phase to a (002) preferred phase. It is noted that the highest power conversion efficient of the inverted MAPbI3 photovoltaic cells is 19.30%, mainly due to the increased carrier collection efficiency and reduced carrier recombination when the temperature of the antisolvent is 30 °C.
Reference-free learning-based similarity metric for motion compensation in cone-beam CT
Authors: Huang H , Siewerdsen J H , Zbijewski W , Weiss C R , Unberath M , Ehtiati T , Sisniega A 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Purpose. Patient motion artifacts present a prevalent challenge to image quality in interventional cone-beam CT (CBCT). We propose a novel reference-free similarity metric (DL-VIF) that leverages the capability of deep convolutional neural networks (CNN) to learn features associated with motion artifacts within realistic anatomical features. DL-VIF aims to address shortcomings of conventional metrics of motion-induced image quality degradation that favor characteristics associated with motion-free images, such as sharpness or piecewise constancy, but lack any awareness of the underlying anatomy, potentially promoting images depicting unrealistic image content. DL-VIF was integrated in an autofocus motion compensation framework to test its performance for motion estimation in interventional CBCT.

Methods. DL-VIF is a reference-free surrogate for the previously reported visual image fidelity (VIF) metric, computed against a motion-free reference, generated using a CNN trained using simulated motion-corrupted and motion-free CBCT data. Relatively shallow (2-ResBlock) and deep (3-Resblock) CNN architectures were trained and tested to assess sensitivity to motion artifacts and generalizability to unseen anatomy and motion patterns. DL-VIF was integrated into an autofocus framework for rigid motion compensation in head/brain CBCT and assessed in simulation and cadaver studies in comparison to a conventional gradient entropy metric.

Results. The 2-ResBlock architecture better reflected motion severity and extrapolated to unseen data, whereas 3-ResBlock was found more susceptible to overfitting, limiting its generalizability to unseen scenarios. DL-VIF outperformed gradient entropy in simulation studies yielding average multi-resolution structural similarity index (SSIM) improvement over uncompensated image of 0.068 and 0.034, respectively, referenced to motion-free images. DL-VIF was also more robust in motion compensation, evidenced by reduced variance in SSIM for various motion patterns (σ
DL-VIF = 0.008 versus σ
gradient entropy = 0.019). Similarly, in cadaver studies, DL-VIF demonstrated superior motion compensation compared to gradient entropy (an average SSIM improvement of 0.043 (5%) versus little improvement and even degradation in SSIM, respectively) and visually improved image quality even in severely motion-corrupted images.
Conclusion: The studies demonstrated the feasibility of building reference-free similarity metrics for quantification of motion-induced image quality degradation and distortion of anatomical structures in CBCT. DL-VIF provides a reliable surrogate for motion severity, penalizes unrealistic distortions, and presents a valuable new objective function for autofocus motion compensation in CBCT.
Shifts in the BCFW method for QED *
Authors: Li Ke , Liu Yuxin , Yan Qi-Shu , Zhao Xiaoran 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
We study the application of BCFW recursion relations to the QED process

. Based on 6-point amplitudes (both MHVA and NMHVA) computed from Feynman diagrams in the Berends-Giele gauge, we conduct a comprehensive study on different shifts. Subsequently, we propose a new shift (LLYZ shift), which can lead to the full amplitudes of these processes and have several realistic computational advantages. We compare the number of terms and independent amplitudes of this novel shift with those of a few typical shifts.
Towards a generic receiver chain for particle detectors
Authors: Krystofiak L. , Rössing F. , Zambanini A. , Grewing C. , van Waasen S. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
A software-adaptable receiver tackles some of the highest challenges in particle detector development. While a generic approach never reaches the same performance as a dedicated development, it covers most application fields and can cut down development time and costs. Prototyping and verification of readout methods prior to the building of the complete systems are also facilitated. An in-depth study of existing particle detectors was conducted to define requirements that such a system will have to fulfill. In parallel, a first investigation of configurability is conducted to assess feasibility using an ADC as the central block in the receiver.
Validation and performance comparison of different types of combined scintillation detectors for animal PET imaging system using GATE simulation
Authors: Sadremomtaz A. , Mohammadi Ghalebin M. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The selection of suitable high-efficiency scintillation
detectors plays an essential role in improving the quality of PET
images. Many studies have used two layers of crystal detectors with
different scintillation materials. This research uses GATE
simulation to simulate an animal PET system with a two-layer
detector. By varying the type of the crystal detectors, essential
parameters such as sensitivity, scatter fraction, noise equivalent
counting rate, spatial resolution, energy resolution, and time
resolution for different scintillation materials were calculated and
compared to determine the most efficient solutions. This simulation
used scintillating materials; LYSO, GSO, LSO, BGO, YAP, LuAP, and
LPS in 12 different states. Results showed that by increasing the
distance of the source from the center in the radial direction, the
two-layer crystals with different scintillation materials have a
better radial spatial resolution than the same material of
crystals. As a general result, the PET system's performance,
designed from two-layer crystals with different scintillation
materials, lower layer LuAP and upper layer BGO or same-material of
BGO, is more desirable than the rest.
Convolution algebra of superoperators and nonseparability witnesses for quantum operations
Authors: Sohail S , Sen Ujjwal 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
We define a product between quantum superoperators which is preserved under the Choi–Jamiołkowski–Kraus–Sudarshan channel-state isomorphism. We then identify the product as the convolution on the space of superoperators, with respect to which the channel-state duality is also an algebra isomorphism. We find that any witness operator for detecting nonseparability of quantum operations on separated parties can be written entirely within the space of superoperators with the help of the convolution product.
The Agricultural Water Footprint of Al-Qadisiyah Governorate, Southern Iraq
Authors: Wisam Wedaa Zainab , Abed Salwan Ali , Ewaid Salam Hussein 
Published: May 2022

AbstractRapid urbanization, pollution, and increasing water consumption together with climate change necessitated to process of more effective measurement, management, and decision mechanisms on regional water resources. The concept of water footprint (WF) is a parameter that has been introduced to the scientific literature in recent years similar to the ecological and carbon footprints. The WF of any field or product refers to the total volume of water resources that are processed or contaminated directly or indirectly during the production process. The current work is the first study assessing and discussing the agricultural water footprint of an Iraqi governorate by analyzing blue and green WFs of agricultural production in Qadisiyah governorate, southern Iraq for 2010-2020. Recently developed WF methodology has been used. The blue and green evapotranspiration amounts were estimated by the crop water requirement (CWR) option in CROPWAT 8.0 software. The statistical data including meteorological data, rainfall statistics, local crop coefficients, cultivation area, crop production amounts and animal statistics data have been utilized. The average annual agricultural WF of Qadisiyah governorate for the 10 years between 2010-2020 was determined to be 1,315,201,621 Mm3/yr. The largest water-consuming sector is crop production (54%). Cereal and feed crops are the main component of water consumption. The rice crop followed by wheat is the primary crop production comprising about 44% of the total WF and require water supplied from rivers. Vegetable production has only 14% of the crops WF. The green WF was only 15% of the crop production WF. The largest share of water used for animal production is related to broiler chickens (44%) and 37% for dairy cattle. The study area is fertile land for crop production. However, limited water resources and scarcity of the region restrict the agricultural activities. The sustainability of freshwater resources of the governorate could be provided by reducing the WF and blue water contents. This study is expected to contribute to the national authorities to develop more accurate irrigation water management policies.
Heat Transfer Enhancement in Composite Building Wall using Phase Change Material
Authors: Dhanusiya G , Gulati Mohit , Rajasekaran T , Elavarasan G , Balamurugan A 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Phase Change Materials (PCMs) are capable of reducing the thermal load transfer rate between outdoors and indoors and maintain stability in the indoor temperature when used in building applications. In this study, a variation of layers of two Bio-PCMs integrated with layers of general construction material and insulation have been analyses discretely as well as in combination. The observations from various models have been compared to draw the result and perceive the best model of a Bio-PCM wall for constructing thermally efficient buildings. The wall models have been created and analyzed through Computer Aided Design (CAD) modeling and simulation techniques using Transient Thermal module in ANSYS software. Coconut fat and Palm fat being highly efficient and easily available Bio-PCMs, are used in this study and attractive results have been obtained from them.
Study of self-compacting concrete containing coal bottom ash and fly ash
Authors: Adnan Mohd. , Kumar Ankit , Kant Kunal , Aggarwal Paratibha , Aggarwal Yogesh 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
This paper consists of a detailed analysis of the use of industrial by-products(coal bottom ash and fly ash) as an admixture in the self-compacting concrete. The judicious use of industrial byproducts and the proper waste management can lead to a sustainable development in the field of infrastructure. This paper talks about the physical and chemical properties of these by products used in the self-compacting concrete. Critical and definite analysis has been carried out on the reviewed literature and further scope of work in the analysis and interpretation has been addressed. On a positive note, it can be stated that the use of industrial by-products in self-compacting concrete can lead to a sustainable development.
Quantification of Non-conventional Brick’s Characteristic Compressive Strength
Authors: Giri Jyoti Prakash , Priyadarshini Monalisa 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Now-a-days researches are concentrating on the utilization of waste materials in construction industry. Fly ash is one of the waste originated from industrial, is the main concern in the present study for brick manufacturing. As fly-ash is a by-product, its properties may vary from source to source resulting variation in strength of the brick. To confirming this, the main focus of the present study was to fabricate a hydraulically operated semi-automatic brick pressing machine followed by preparation of fly ash brick using that and study on the variation of brick strength. Later on, a statistical analysis is conducted based on the experimental compressive strength data for the fly ash bricks. The normal distribution curves are plotted followed by the estimating the constraints of normal distribution, which is the most common adopted distribution function in concrete. From the analysis, the characteristic compressive strength at 95% probability level is obtained as 3.46 and 5.42MPa respectively for the bricks (M1 and M2 type).