bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adressieren Handlungsempfehlungen der Versorgungspraxis die Stabilität von häuslichen Versorgungsarrangements von Menschen mit Demenz? – Eine Dokumentenanalyse
Authors: Hochgraeber Iris , Dreyer Jan , Köhler Kerstin , Pinkert Christiane , Holle Bernhard 
Published: February 2022

ZusammenfassungHintergrundDie Begleitung von Menschen mit Demenz (MmD) in der Häuslichkeit übernehmen überwiegend Angehörige mit der Intention, die Versorgung so lange wie möglich zu Hause aufrechtzuerhalten. Im DZNE-SoCA-Projekt wurde eine Theorie mittlerer Reichweite zur Stabilität von häuslichen Versorgungsarrangements für MmD (SoCA-Dem-Theorie) entwickelt, um das komplexe Phänomen der Stabilität besser zu verstehen, einen theoretischen Bezugsrahmen für weitere Forschung anzubieten und Orientierung für die (Weiter‑)Entwicklung von Versorgungsstrukturen zu schaffen.Ziel der ArbeitDas Ziel dieser Teilstudie des SoCA-Projektes ist es zu prüfen, ob die SoCA-Dem-Theorie in der deutschen Versorgungspraxis handlungsleitend für die Beratung und Begleitung mit versorgenden Angehörigen (vA) von MmD sein kann.Material und MethodeEs wurden 2 Handlungsempfehlungen für professionelle Akteure im Gesundheitswesen – der „Qualitätsrahmen für Beratung in der Pflege“ des Zentrums für Qualität in der Pflege (ZQP) und die S3-Leitlinie „Pflegende Angehörige von Erwachsenen“ der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Allgemeinmedizin und Familienmedizin e. V. (DEGAM) – inhaltsanalytisch ausgewertet, um Bezugspunkte zur SoCA-Dem-Theorie herauszuarbeiten.ErgebnisseDie meisten Konzepte, die die Stabilität der häuslichen Versorgung beeinflussen, werden in beiden Handlungsempfehlungen aufgegriffen. Die SoCA-Dem-Theorie verdeutlicht die Bedeutung des Zusammenspiels der verschiedenen Konzepte; in den Handlungsempfehlungen bleiben diese dynamischen Verbindungen unklar.SchlussfolgerungDie SoCA-Dem-Theorie ist anschlussfähig an den deutschen Versorgungskontext und kann zukünftig dahingehend unterstützen, den Blick von einer eher belastungsorientierten Sicht auf Versorgung hin zu einer umfassenden Betrachtung der Situation zu wenden.
Variable levels of spike and ORF1ab RNA in post-mortem lung samples of SARS-CoV-2-positive subjects: comparison between ISH and RT-PCR
Authors: Zito Marino Federica , De Cristofaro Tiziana , Varriale Massimo , Zannini Giuseppa , Ronchi Andrea , La Mantia Elvira , Campobasso Carlo Pietro , De Micco Francesco , Mascolo Pasquale , Municinò Maurizio , Municinò Emilia , Vestini Francesco , Pinto Omero , Moccia Marta , De Stefano Noè , Nappi Oscar , Sementa Carmen , Zotti Giovanni , Pianese Lamberto , Giordano Carmela , Franco Renato 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPost-mortem examination plays a pivotal role in understanding the pathobiology of the SARS-CoV-2; thus, the optimization of virus detection on the post-mortem formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue is needed. Different techniques are available for the identification of the SARS-CoV-2, including reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), immunohistochemistry (IHC), in situ hybridization (ISH), and electron microscopy. The main goal of this study is to compare ISH versus RT-PCR to detect SARS-CoV-2 on post-mortem lung samples of positive deceased subjects. A total of 27 samples were analyzed by RT-PCR targeting different viral RNA sequences of SARS-CoV-2, including envelope (E), nucleocapsid (N), spike (S), and open reading frame (ORF1ab) genes and ISH targeting S and Orf1ab. All 27 cases showed the N gene amplification, 22 out of 27 the E gene amplification, 26 out of 27 the S gene amplification, and only 6 the ORF1ab gene amplification. The S ISH was positive only in 12 out of 26 cases positive by RT-PCR. The S ISH positive cases with strong and diffuse staining showed a correlation with low values of the number of the amplification cycles by S RT-PCR suggesting that ISH is a sensitive assay mainly in cases carrying high levels of S RNA. In conclusion, our findings demonstrated that ISH assay has lower sensitivity to detect SARS-CoV-2 in FFPE compared to RT-PCR; however, it is able to localize the virus in the cellular context since it preserves the morphology.
Comprehensive review of the impact of tris(2,3-dibromopropyl) isocyanurate (TBC or TDBP-TAZTO) on living organisms and the environment
Authors: Bar Monika , Szychowski Konrad A. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractTris(2,3-dibromopropyl) isocyanurate (TBC or TDBP-TAZTO) belongs to the group of brominated flame retardants (BFRs). The production of this compound is increasing due to the growing demand and wide application in electrical, electronic, musical instrument, and automotive component industries. The properties of TBC, e.g., the high octanol–air partition coefficient (Koa), high octanol–water partition coefficient (Kow), and high bioconcentration factor (BCF), indicate a possibility of its spread in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems and bioaccumulation in living organisms. The presence of TBC has been confirmed in soil, sediments, river water, and such materials as microplastic, curtains, and e-waste devices. The compound has potential to bioaccumulate in the food chain of living organisms. TBC has been demonstrated to exert a harmful effect mainly on the nervous and endocrine systems, lungs, and liver. The possible mechanism of toxicity of the compound in the nervous system is based on the generation of oxidative stress by TBC leading to apoptosis of neuronal cells, while mitochondrial damage is considered to be responsible for changes in the respiratory organ. Moreover, the potential of mussels and earthworms to be bioindicators of TBC has been proven. Therefore, the literature review is focused on TBC properties and analysis of the identification and impact of the compound on the environment, living organisms, and human cell lines. Given the many toxic effects of TBC highlighted in the literature, there is a need for more profound research on the safety of TBC and methods for identification and degradation of this compound.
Structure, Materials and Processes in the Earth’s Core and Mantle
Authors: Dehant Véronique , Campuzano Saioa A. , De Santis Angelo , van Westrenen Wim 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis paper reviews current knowledge about the Earth’s core and the overlying deep mantle in terms of structure, chemical and mineralogical compositions, physical properties, and dynamics, using information from seismology, geophysics, and geochemistry. High-pressure experimental techniques that can help to interpret and understand observations of these properties and compositions in the deep interior are summarized. The paper also examines the consequences of core flows on global observations such as variations in Earth’s rotation and orientation or variations in the Earth’s magnetic field. Processes currently active at the core-mantle boundary and the various coupling mechanisms between the core and the mantle are discussed, together with some evidence from magnetic field observations.
Live birth, cumulative live birth and perinatal outcome following assisted reproductive treatments using donor sperm in single women vs. women in lesbian couples: a prospective controlled cohort study
Authors: Wrande Tove , Kristjansdottir Berglind Harper , Tsiartas Panagiotis , Hadziosmanovic Nermin , Rodriguez-Wallberg Kenny A. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Assisted reproductive technology (ART) treatments with donor sperm have been allowed for women in lesbian relationships (WLR) since 2005 in Sweden, but for single women (SW), these became approved only recently in 2016. This study was conducted to compare the outcomes of ART treatments in SW vs. WLR.

Methods
This is a prospective controlled cohort study of 251 women undergoing intrauterine insemination (D-IUI) or in vitro fertilization (D-IVF) using donor sperm between 2017 and 2019 at the department of Reproductive Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital. The cohort comprised 139 SW and 112 WLR. The main outcomes included differences in live birth rate (LBR) and cumulative live birth rate (cLBR) between the groups. The SW underwent 66 D-IUI and 193 D-IVF treatments and WLR underwent 255 D-IUI and 69 D-IVF treatments. Data on clinical characteristics, treatment protocols and clinical outcomes were extracted from the clinic’s electronic database. The outcomes of D-IUI and D-IVF were separately assessed.

Results
The cohort of SW was significantly older than WLR (37.6 vs. 32.4 years, P < 0.001), and more commonly underwent IVF at first treatment (83% vs. 29%, P < 0.000). Conversely, WLR underwent more frequently D-IUI as a first treatment (71% vs. 17% of SW, P < 0.001) and more often in the natural cycle (89.9% vs. 70.8%, P = 0.019), respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in the main outcome LBR between the two groups, or between the two different types of treatment, when adjusted for age. Perinatal outcomes and cLBR were also similar among the groups.

Conclusions
SW were, on average, older than WLR undergoing treatment with donor sperm. No significant differences were seen in the LBR and cLBR when adjusted for age between the two groups and between the two types of treatment (D-IVF vs. D-IUI).

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NTC04602962.
A Review of the EUSO-Balloon Pathfinder for the JEM-EUSO Program
Authors: Adams J. H. , Ahmad S. , Allard D. , Anzalone A. , Bacholle S. , Barrillon P. , Bayer J. , Bertaina M. , Bisconti F. , Blaksley C. , Blin-Bondil S. , Bobík P. , Cafagna F. , Campana D. , Capel F. , Casolino M. , Cassardo C. , Catalano C. , Cremonini R. , Dagoret-Campagne S. , Danto P. , del Peral L. , de la Taille C. , Díaz Damian A. , Dupieux M. , Ebersoldt A. , Ebisuzaki T. , Eser J. , Evrard J. , Fenu F. , Ferrarese S. , Fornaro C. , Fouka M. , Gorodetzky P. , Guarino F. , Guzman A. , Hachisu Y. , Haungs A. , Judd E. , Jung A. , Karczmarczyk J. , Kawasaki Y. , Klimov P. A. , Kuznetsov E. , Mackovjak S. , Manfrin M. , Marcelli L. , Medina-Tanco G. , Mercier K. , Merino A. , Mernik T. , Miyamoto H. , Morales de los Ríos J. A. , Moretto C. , Mot B. , Neronov A. , Ohmori H. , Olinto A. V. , Osteria G. , Panico B. , Parizot E. , Paul T. , Picozza P. , Piotrowski L. W. , Plebaniak Z. , Pliego S. , Prat P. , Prévôt G. , Prieto H. , Putis M. , Rabanal J. , Ricci M. , Rojas J. , Rodríguez Frías M. D. , Roudil G. , Sáez Cano G. , Sahnoun Z. , Sakaki N. , Sanchez J. C. , Santangelo A. , Sarazin F. , Scotti V. , Shinozaki K. , Silva H. , Soriano J. F. , Suino G. , Szabelski J. , Toscano S. , Tabone I. , Takizawa Y. , von Ballmoos P. , Wiencke L. , Wille M. , Zotov M. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractEUSO-Balloon is a pathfinder for JEM-EUSO, the mission concept of a spaceborne observatory which is designed to observe Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Ray (UHECR)-induced Extensive Air Showers (EAS) by detecting their UltraViolet (UV) light tracks “from above.” On August 25, 2014, EUSO-Balloon was launched from Timmins Stratospheric Balloon Base (Ontario, Canada) by the balloon division of the French Space Agency CNES. After reaching a floating altitude of 38 km, EUSO-Balloon imaged the UV light in the wavelength range ∼290–500 nm for more than 5 hours using the key technologies of JEM-EUSO. The flight allowed a good understanding of the performance of the detector to be developed, giving insights into possible improvements to be applied to future missions. A detailed measurement of the photoelectron counts in different atmospheric and ground conditions was achieved. By means of the simulation of the instrument response and by assuming atmospheric models, the absolute intensity of diffuse light was estimated. The instrument detected hundreds of laser tracks with similar characteristics to EASs shot by a helicopter flying underneath. These are the first recorded laser tracks measured from a fluorescence detector looking down on the atmosphere. The reconstruction of the direction of the laser tracks was performed. In this work, a review of the main results obtained by EUSO-Balloon is presented as well as implications for future space-based observations of UHECRs.
Practicing virology: making and knowing a mid-twentieth century experiment with Tobacco mosaic virus
Authors: Scholthof Karen-Beth G. , Washington Lorenzo J. , DeMell April , Mendoza Maria R. , Cody Will B. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractTobacco mosaic virus(TMV) has served as a model organism for pathbreaking work in plant pathology, virology, biochemistry and applied genetics for more than a century. We were intrigued by a photograph published inPhytopathologyin 1934 showing that Tabasco pepper plants responded to TMV infection with localized necrotic lesions, followed by abscission of the inoculated leaves. This dramatic outcome of a biological response to infection observed by Francis O. Holmes, a virologist at the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research, was used to score plants for resistance to TMV infection. Our objective was to gain a better understanding of early to mid-twentieth century ideas of genetic resistance to viruses in crop plants. We investigated Holmes’ observation as a practical exercise in reworking an experiment, having been inspired by Pamela Smith’s innovative Making and Knowing Project. We had a great deal of difficulty replicating Holmes’ experiment, finding that biological materials and experimental customs change over time, in ways that ideas do not. Using complementary tools plus careful study and interpretation of the original text and figures, we were able to rework, yet only partially replicate, this experiment. Reading peer-reviewed manuscripts that cited Holmes’ 1934 report provided an additional level of insight into the interpretation and replication of this work in the decades that followed. From this, we touch on how experimental reworking can inform our strategies to address the reproducibility “crisis” in twenty-first century science.
Depression: why drugs and electricity are not the answer
Authors: Read John , Moncrieff Joanna 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe dominant view within mental health services and research suggests that feeling depressed is a kind of medical illness, partially caused by various biological deficits which are somehow corrected by physical interventions. This article critically appraises evidence for the effectiveness and value of antidepressant drugs and electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), the two principle physical treatments recommended for depression. It also describes the negative effects of these interventions and raises concerns about how they impact the brain. We propose an alternative understanding that recognises depression as an emotional and meaningful response to unwanted life events and circumstances. This perspective demands that we address the social conditions that make depression likely and suggests that a combination of politics and common sense needs to guide us in providing help for one another when we are suffering in this way. This alternative view is increasingly endorsed around the world, including by the United Nations, the World Health Organization and service users who have suffered negative consequences of physical treatments that modify brain functions in ways that are not well-understood.
Socio-Emotional Problems and Learning Skills of Roma and Recently	Arrived Refugee Children in German Elementary Schools
Authors: Chwastek Sandy , Leyendecker Birgit , Busch Julian 
Published: February 2022

Abstract. Background: In Germany, many recently arrived and minority families live in multi-ethnic, high-poverty districts. Multiple risk factors threaten their children’s development. Aims: We examined the socio-emotional problems of these children in relation to their academic learning skills and executive functioning. Method: We compared teacher-rated socio-emotional problems of n = 112 Roma children (90% foreign-born), n = 101 refugee children (all foreign-born), and n = 56 German-born immigrant children (age in months: M = 99.66, SD = 13.61) between groups and to norm data. We related socio-emotional problems to receptive vocabulary, cognitive reasoning, motor skills, and executive functioning in n = 83 refugee and Roma children. Results: Roma children showed higher rates above cut-off than norm data in all subscales, more problems in all subscales but emotional symptoms than immigrant children, and more hyperactivity/inattention and peer problems than refugee children. Refugee children showed higher rates above cut-off than norm data in all subscales and more peer problems than immigrant children. Academic learning skills were overall below average among recently arrived children. Prosocial behavior was positively linked to fine motor skills. Other socio-emotional problems were not linked to academic learning skills and executive functioning. Gross and visuo-motor skills correlated positively with other academic learning skills. Limitations: We analyzed cross-sectional data. We did not include risk factors or non-immigrant German children. Conclusion: The heightened socio-emotional problems and low academic learning skills of refugee and particularly Roma children in high-poverty districts could jeopardize their educational trajectories. Additional support measures could increase their chances for educational participation.
Social Support From Friends Among Unaccompanied Young	Refugees
Authors: Keles Serap , Oppedal Brit 
Published: February 2022

Abstract. Background: Social support is an important resource and source of self-esteem and belongingness for all children and youths. Yet, for unaccompanied asylum-seeking and refugee minors, who leave their home countries without a caretaking adult, extra-familial social, supportive networks in exile may be crucial for their well-being. We propose that their origin in collectivist cultures involves resources for re-establishing social networks in countries of resettlement. Aim: The overall aim of this study is to examine if cultural factors such as values and self-construals are associated with variations in perceived social support from friends among unaccompanied young refugees. We propose a model in which related self-construals mediate the association between collectivist values and perceived friend support. Method: We collected cross-sectional self-report questionnaire data from 611 unaccompanied young refugees (84.5% male; Mage = 18.49 years, SD = 2.57 years) who had been granted residence in Norway. Results: Structural equation analyses revealed that higher levels of collectivist values were associated with stronger related self-construals, which, in turn, were positively associated with stronger perceived support from friends. However, related self-construals only acted as a partial mediator. Limitations: The generalizability of our findings to other groups of immigrant children and youth and/or to unaccompanied refugees in other countries is unknown and should be examined in future studies. Conclusion: Our results contribute new theoretical knowledge about how the development of social supportive relationships in the diaspora is embedded in cross-cultural contexts. Maintaining aspects of one’s heritage culture can promote resilient outcomes among unaccompanied young refugees.
Identifying Controls on Nitrate Sources and Flowpaths in a Forested Catchment Using a Hydropedological Framework
Authors: Pardo L. H. , Green M. B. , Bailey S. W. , McGuire K. J. , McDowell W. H. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractCatchment‐scale assessments of nitrogen retention and loss rarely account for soil and landscape heterogeneity and are, thus, unable to account for the suite of nitrogen cycling processes that ultimately affect the export of nitrate via stream water. Long‐term study at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, NH has generated a unique data set that facilitates spatially explicit examination of interactions among hydrology, soil development, and nitrogen cycling processes. Using high‐frequency streamwater chemistry data with intensive subsurface hydrology and solute monitoring, we tracked areas of the catchment that are hydrologically active under different flow conditions to identify the source area of streamwater nitrate. We hypothesize that as the drainage network expands, increasing hydrologic connection to bedrock outcrop‐associated soils, streamwater nitrate concentration, and flux at the catchment outlet increase. Most nitrate export (>80%) occurred during high flows when high nitrate, bedrock‐controlled areas of the catchment were most connected hydrologically to the drainage network (∼15% of the time). End‐member mixing analysis demonstrated that the bedrock‐controlled upper part of the catchment influences nitrate concentration at the outlet and contributes most to catchment nitrate export compared to the near‐stream soil units and seeps. Most of the time, nitrate at the catchment outlet comes from seeps and the near‐stream zone; under high flow conditions, bedrock‐controlled hotspots for nitrate production contribute more to export of nitrate. This analysis demonstrates how the source area of streamwater nitrate varies under different flow conditions, suggesting that long‐term nitrate dynamics may be driven primarily by a relatively small part of the catchment.
Generating Hourly Continuous Evapotranspiration Using Fengyun‐2F Geostationary Satellite Data
Authors: Geng Xiaozhuang , Li Boyang , Pan Xiaoduo , Wei Zhihao , Yang Xuebin , Liao Kuo , Cui Yaokui 
Published: February 2022

AbstractEvapotranspiration (ET) plays an important role in water and energy exchange between the atmosphere and the land surface. ET at regional scale is of great importance in hydrology, meteorology, and agriculture. The remotely sensed land surface temperature (LST)‐based two‐source energy balance (TSEB) model is widely used to monitor ET. However, due to the influence of clouds, the quality of remotely sensed LST products is declined and there are also many gaps in the LST products, which make it very difficult to estimate spatio‐temporally continuous ET based on remote sensing data. In this study, we proposed a method to generate hourly continuous ET using Fengyun‐2F geostationary images. First, the hourly continuous real LST are obtained using a clear‐sky LST reconstruction algorithm and radiometric correction algorithm, and then the reconstructed real LST is used to the estimation of latent heat flux using the TSEB model. The results in the Heihe River Basin show that the proposed method can successfully generate hourly continuous ET compared with three eddy covariance sites with different underlying surface. The estimated ET achieves acceptable performance with RMSE = 81.88 W/m2 and R2 = 0.67 at hourly scale and with RMSE = 1.48 mm/d and R2 = 0.65 at daily scale. We believe this can help the community to better understand the water and energy exchange between the atmosphere and the land surface at fine spatio‐temporal scale, especially on the hourly scale.
Effects of Depth of Fault Slip and Continental Shelf Geometry on the Generation of Anomalously Long‐Period Tsunami by the July 2020 Mw 7.8 Shumagin (Alaska) Earthquake
Authors: Mulia Iyan E. , Heidarzadeh Mohammad , Satake Kenji 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe July 2020 Mw 7.8 Shumagin earthquake occurred in the seismic gap region along the Aleutian subduction zone. This interplate earthquake generated a small tsunami, but with unusual long‐period waves ranging between 40 and 90 min. We examined the cause of such an anomalous ocean wave through a source modeling inverted from tsunami and geodetic data. Our model indicates that the plate‐boundary rupture area was confined at depths of 20–40 km, although the slip resolvability decreases with depth. The coseismic seafloor displacement predominantly took place on the shallow continental shelf. Therefore, the initial water surface displacement at a mean water depth of ∼200 m is responsible for the long‐period waves, because tsunami period is inversely proportional to the square root of water depth. Furthermore, tsunami modeling implies that slip shallower than 20 km depth in the Aleutians would displace the seafloor beyond the continental shelf and generate shorter tsunami periods.