bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of cuproptosis-related subtypes and development of a prognostic signature in colorectal cancer
Authors: Huang Yan , Yin Dongzhi , Wu Lina 
Published: October 2022

AbstractCuproptosis, a novel form of copper-mediated regulated cell death, participates in tumor progression. However, the role of cuproptosis-related genes (CRGs) in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the cuproptosis subtypes and build a predictive model to improve the prognosis of patients with CRC. Gene expression data were downloaded from the TCGA database to identify distinct molecular subtypes using a non-negative matrix factorization algorithm. A robust and efficient prognostic signature was constructed by performing multivariate Cox regression analysis and further validated using the Gene Expression Omnibus cohort. Based on the gene expression matrix of CRC, the abundance of infiltrating immune cells and tumour microenvironment scores were calculated using the CIBERSORT and ESTIMATE algorithms, respectively. The pRRophetic algorithm was used to predict the sensitivity of the patients to different chemotherapy drugs. Two distinct molecular subtypes were identified based on 41 CRGs, with subtype C1 being characterized by an advanced clinical stage and worse overall survival. A prognostic signature was constructed based on the DEGs between the two cuproptosis subtypes, and its predictive ability was validated in an external database. Patients with CRC who belonged to the low-risk group had significantly higher survival rates than those who belonged to the high-risk group. Additionally, it remained a valid prognostic indicator in strata of age, sex, tumor location, and TNM stage, and its significance persisted after the multivariate Cox regression analysis. By further analyzing the prognostic signature, a higher immune score was observed in the low-risk group, which presented a better prognosis. AKT.inhibitor.VIII, doxorubicin, lenalidomide, and tipiparnib were more sensitive in the high-risk score group. A highly accurate nomogram was constructed to improve clinical application of the risk score. Compared with an ideal nomogram, our model, consisting of clinicopathological features, performed well in predicting patient survival. In conclusion, our study provides new ways and perspectives for the prediction of the prognosis of patients with CRC and guide more effective treatment regimens.
Heated tobacco products and circulating high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations
Authors: Hu Huan , Nakagawa Tohru , Honda Toru , Yamamoto Shuichiro , Miyamoto Toshiaki , Okazaki Hiroko , Eguchi Masafumi , Shirasaka Taiki , Kochi Takeshi , Kabe Isamu , Tomizawa Aki , Miki Takako , Fukunaga Ami , Yamamoto Shohei , Inoue Yosuke , Konishi Maki , Miyake Haruka , Dohi Seitaro , Mizoue Tetsuya 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe aimed to assess the association between heated tobacco product (HTP) use and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) concentration. Our study included 12,268 workers from five companies (Study I) and 36,503 workers from another large company (Study II). Participants were categorized into five groups: never smokers, past smokers, exclusive HTP users, dual users of cigarettes and HTPs, and exclusive cigarette smokers. We analyzed the data of Studies I and II separately and then pooled these estimates using a fixed-effect model. Of the 48,771 participants, 9.3% were exclusive HTP users, and 6.0% were dual users. Exclusive HTP users had modestly but significantly lower concentrations of HDL-C than never smokers, with the pooled mean difference being − 1.1 (95% CI − 1.5 to − 0.6) mg/dL. Dual users showed a further reduction (mean difference − 3.7 (− 4.2 to − 3.2) mg/dL), which was comparable to that of exclusive cigarette smokers versus never smokers (mean difference − 4.3 (− 4.7 to − 3.9) mg/dL). The pooled odds ratios (95% CIs) of having low HDL-C (< 40 mg/dL for men and 50 mg/dL for women) were 1, 0.99 (0.90–1.11), 1.25 (1.09–1.43), 2.02 (1.76–2.32), and 2.09 (1.88–2.32) for never smokers, past smokers, exclusive HTP users, dual users, and exclusive cigarette smokers, respectively. In conclusion, exclusive HTP users had lower HDL-C concentrations than never smokers, although higher than exclusive cigarette smokers. Moreover, dual users had HDL-C concentrations similar to those in exclusive cigarette smokers.
Fold-change of chromatin condensation in yeast is a conserved property
Authors: Yamin Katreena , Bijlani Swati , Berman Judith , Soni Awakash , Shlomai Joseph , Buragohain Bijoy Mukut , Werbner Michal , Gal-Tanamy Meital , Matityahu Avi , Onn Itay 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDuring mitosis, chromatin is condensed and organized into mitotic chromosomes. Condensation is critical for genome stability and dynamics, yet the degree of condensation is significantly different between multicellular and single-cell eukaryotes. What is less clear is whether there is a minimum degree of chromosome condensation in unicellular eukaryotes. Here, we exploited two-photon microscopy to analyze chromatin condensation in live and fixed cells, enabling studies of some organisms that are not readily amenable to genetic modification. This includes the yeasts Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Schizosaccharomyces pombe, Kluyveromyces lactis, and Candida albicans, as well as a protist Trypanosoma brucei. We found that mitotic chromosomes in this range of species are condensed about 1.5-fold relative to interphase chromatin. In addition, we used two-photon microscopy to reveal that chromatin reorganization in interphase human hepatoma cells infected by the hepatitis C virus is decondensed compared to uninfected cells, which correlates with the previously reported viral-induced changes in chromatin dynamics. This work demonstrates the power of two-photon microscopy to analyze chromatin in a broad range of cell types and conditions, including non-model single-cell eukaryotes. We suggest that similar condensation levels are an evolutionarily conserved property in unicellular eukaryotes and important for proper chromosome segregation. Furthermore, this provides new insights into the process of chromatin condensation during mitosis in unicellular organisms as well as the response of human cells to viral infection.
Efficacy and safety of pre-gastroscopy commercial carbohydrate-rich whey protein beverage vs. plain water: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Lua Bee Chen , Md Hashim Mohd Nizam , Wong Mung Seong , Lee Yeong Yeh , Zakaria Andee Dzulkarnaen , Zakaria Zaidi , Wan Zain Wan Zainira , Syed Abd Aziz Syed Hassan , Yahya Maya Mazuwin , Wong Michael Pak-Kai 
Published: October 2022

AbstractClinical benefits and safety of carbohydrate loading pre-gastroscopy remain unclear. We aimed to determine the effects of a commercial carbohydrate-rich whey protein beverage versus plain water given pre-gastroscopy on gastric residual volume and well-being, and to determine adverse events. This was a single centre, single-blinded, parallel-group, sex-stratified randomized controlled trial. Participants were randomized either to carbohydrate-rich whey protein beverage group (Resource®, Nestle Health Science) or control group (250 ml plain water) given pre-gastroscopy. Gastric contents were aspirated into a suction reservoir bottle to determine the gastric residual volume (GRV). Visual analogue scale (VAS) of well-being (anxiety, hunger, thirst, tiredness, and weakness) was compared before and after the intervention. Adverse events were also evaluated post-intervention. Of 369 screened, 78 participants (36 males, mean age 49 ± 14.3 years) were randomized. Compared with the control group, carbohydrate beverage was associated with significantly higher GRV (p < 0.001). Anxiety was less after intervention with carbohydrate beverage (p = 0.016), and after adjustment for confounders, fewer participants also experienced hunger (p = 0.043) and thirst (p = 0.021). No serious adverse events were reported with both interventions. Commercial carbohydrate-rich whey protein beverage is associated with higher gastric residual volume, better well-being and safe.Trial registrationClinicaltrial.gov. Identifier: NCT03948594, Date of registration: 14/05/2019.
Exploring associations of anthropometric parameters and serum triglycerides with serum thyroid hormones in young women
Authors: Lisowska-Myjak Barbara , Zborowska Hanna , Białek Sławomir , Wroczyński Piotr , Kuch Marek , Skarżyńska Ewa 
Published: October 2022

AbstractEstablishing links between serum thyroid hormone panel and triglyceride (TG) concentrations with non-invasively obtained measurements of anthropometric parameters of young women may provide preliminary knowledge about the homeostasis of metabolic processes and body composition and about the strategic role of the tested parameters as early screening tests for assessing the health status of apparently healthy women in the period preceding pregnancy. The study was conducted in 381 healthy female students (aged 18–26 years, mean ± SD = 22.1 ± 1.3). Anthropometric indices (BMI, waist-to-hip ratio, FAT%) were calculated and serum concentrations of thyroid hormones (TSH, fT3, fT4) were determined using electrochemiluminescence immunoassays and serum triglycerides (TG) with a commercially available test. No association was established between serum TSH and anthropometric indices in healthy young women. Increased serum concentrations of fT4, fT3 and TG were found in overweight subjects, i.e. BMI > 24.9 kg/m2 (p < 0.05). A significant negative association between fT3 and TG was found in underweight subjects (r = − 0.258, p = 0.049) and a significantly positive association in normal-weight subjects (r = 0.139, p = 0.019). In healthy young women differences in BMI are not related to thyroid function. The opposite directions between the associations fT3 vs TG in underweight compared to normal-weight young prepregnant females may suggest dependencies of fT3 and TG in the regulation of specific BMI-dependent metabolic processes.
Analysis of spatial and temporal impact differences of birth rate in mainland China
Authors: Zhang Jinwei , Ding Shuzhen , Hu Xijian 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe continuing decline in the birth rate has led to a series of problems, such as the disproportion of population structure and severe aging population, which have restricted the country’s economic development. To have a deeper understanding of the geographical differences and influencing factors of the birth rate, this paper collects and organizes the birth population data of 31 provinces in mainland China from 2011 to 2019. The national region is divided into seven natural geographical regions to obtain the spatial hierarchy, and a hierarchical Bayesian Spatio-temporal model is established. The INLA algorithm estimates the model parameters. The results show significant spatial and temporal differences in birth rates in mainland China, which are reflected mainly in the combination of spatial, temporal, and Spatio-temporal interaction effects. In the spatial dimension, the northeast is low, the northwest and southwest are high, and the birth rate has an upward trend from east to west. These trends are caused by unbalanced economic development, different fertility attitudes and differences in fertility security, reflecting regional differences in spatial effects. From 2011 to 2019, China’s birth rate showed an overall downward trend in the time dimension. However, all regions except the northeast saw a significant but temporary increase in birth rates in 2016 and 2017, reflecting the temporal effect difference in birth rates.
Enhanced CHOLESTEROL biosynthesis promotes breast cancer metastasis via modulating CCDC25 expression and neutrophil extracellular traps formation
Authors: Tang Qiqi , Liang Beibei , Zhang Lisha , Li Xuhui , Li Hengyu , Jing Wei , Jiang Yingjie , Zhou Felix , Zhang Jian , Meng Yanchun , Yang Xinhua , Yang Hao , Huang Gang , Zhao Jian 
Published: October 2022

AbstractNeutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) has been demonstrated to regulate the metastasis of breast cancer. In this study, we showed that de novo cholesterol biosynthesis induced by ASPP2 depletion in mouse breast cancer cell 4T1 and human breast cancer cell MDA-MB-231 promoted NETs formation in vitro, as well as in lung metastases in mice intravenously injected with ASPP2-deficient 4T1 cells. Simvastatin and berberine (BBR), cholesterol synthesis inhibitors, efficiently blocked ASPP2-depletion induced NETs formation. Cholesterol biosynthesis greatly enhanced Coiled-coil domain containing protein 25 (CCDC25) expression on cancer cells as well as in lung metastases. CCDC25 expression was co-localized with caveolin-1, a lipid raft molecule, and was damped by inhibitor of lipid rafts formation. Our data suggest that cholesterol biosynthesis promotes CCDC25 expression in a lipid raft-dependent manner. Clinically, the expression of CCDC25 was positively correlated with the expression of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoAreductase (HMRCG), and citrullinated histone H3 (H3cit), in tissues from breast cancer patients. High expression of CCDC25 and HMGCR was related with worse prognosis in breast cancer patients. In conclusion, our study explores a novel mechanism for de novo cholesterol biosynthesis in the regulation of CCDC25 expression, NETs formation and breast cancer metastasis. Targeting cholesterol biosynthesis may be promising therapeutic strategies to treat breast cancer metastasis.
A new human-inspired metaheuristic algorithm for solving optimization problems based on mimicking sewing training
Authors: Dehghani Mohammad , Trojovská Eva , Zuščák Tomáš 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis paper introduces a new human-based metaheuristic algorithm called Sewing Training-Based Optimization (STBO), which has applications in handling optimization tasks. The fundamental inspiration of STBO is teaching the process of sewing to beginner tailors. The theory of the proposed STBO approach is described and then mathematically modeled in three phases: (i) training, (ii) imitation of the instructor’s skills, and (iii) practice. STBO performance is evaluated on fifty-two benchmark functions consisting of unimodal, high-dimensional multimodal, fixed-dimensional multimodal, and the CEC 2017 test suite. The optimization results show that STBO, with its high power of exploration and exploitation, has provided suitable solutions for benchmark functions. The performance of STBO is compared with eleven well-known metaheuristic algorithms. The simulation results show that STBO, with its high ability to balance exploration and exploitation, has provided far more competitive performance in solving benchmark functions than competitor algorithms. Finally, the implementation of STBO in solving four engineering design problems demonstrates the capability of the proposed STBO in dealing with real-world applications.
A context-aware deconfounding autoencoder for robust prediction of personalized clinical drug response from cell-line compound screening
Authors: He Di , Liu Qiao , Wu You , Xie Lei 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAccurate and robust prediction of patient-specific responses to a new compound is critical to personalized drug discovery and development. However, patient data are often too scarce to train a generalized machine learning model. Although many methods have been developed to utilize cell-line screens for predicting clinical responses, their performances are unreliable owing to data heterogeneity and distribution shift. Here we have developed a novel context-aware deconfounding autoencoder (CODE-AE) that can extract intrinsic biological signals masked by context-specific patterns and confounding factors. Extensive comparative studies demonstrated that CODE-AE effectively alleviated the out-of-distribution problem for the model generalization and significantly improved accuracy and robustness over state-of-the-art methods in predicting patient-specific clinical drug responses purely from cell-line compound screens. Using CODE-AE, we screened 59 drugs for 9,808 patients with cancer. Our results are consistent with existing clinical observations, suggesting the potential of CODE-AE in developing personalized therapies and drug response biomarkers.
Non-wetting of condensation-induced droplets on smooth monolayer suspended graphene with contact angle approaching 180 degrees
Authors: Wang Haidong , Orejon Daniel , Song Dongxing , Zhang Xing , McHale Glen , Takamatsu Hiroshi , Takata Yasuyuki , Sefiane Khellil 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSuperhydrophobicity is usually achieved by a combination of chemical hydrophobicity and surface topography due to an inability to attain complete non-wetting on the smooth surface of existing materials. Here, we experimentally report high non-wetting of condensation-induced droplets with contact angles approaching 180° on a smooth surface of suspended monolayer of graphene. Such highly non-wetting droplets are found on suspended monolayer graphene open to the water vapour saturated environment on both sides. Simultaneous observations of droplets condensing on monolayer and multilayer supported and suspended graphene demonstrates that this non-wetting behaviour may be unique to suspended monolayer graphene. These results anticipate that interactions between liquid molecules across a suspended monolayer isolated from a bulk substrate may induce high non-wetting beyond that possible on smooth hydrophobic or atomically flat supported monolayer surfaces.
Rheology of nanocrystal-bearing andesite magma and its roles in explosive volcanism
Authors: Okumura Satoshi , Uesugi Kentaro , Goto Akio , Sakamaki Tatsuya , Matsumoto Kazuhisa , Takeuchi Akihisa , Miyake Akira 
Published: October 2022

AbstractRecent petrological and experimental studies have proposed that explosive volcanism may originate from the formation of nanoscale crystals in magma and the resultant ductile–brittle transition. However, the rheology of magma with quantified volume fractions of nanoscale crystals has not been investigated before, and thus, the formation of nanoscale crystals causing magma fragmentation that explains the origin of explosive eruptions is not conclusive. Here, we investigate the rheology of andesite magma with nanoscale crystals (magnetite). For this, a glass fibre elongation experimental apparatus with a heating furnace was developed at the synchrotron radiation X-ray system (SPring-8). During melt elongation, we observed the formation of crystals using small-angle X-ray scattering and wide-angle X-ray diffraction. Our experimental data demonstrate that magma viscosity increases with the formation of nanoscale crystals, but the degree of the increase is much lower than that predicted from analogue materials. Finally, we conclude that nanocrystal formation in intermediate composition magmas cannot explain rheological transition and other mechanisms such as nanocrystal agglomeration (not observed in our experiments) and/or heterogeneous nucleation of gas bubbles on nanocrystals are required to induce mafic to intermediate explosive volcanisms.
Improved malicious node detection method for detecting a bait in an extensive network for getting the maximum throughput
Authors: Goel Shalini , Basha Shaik Mahaboob , Carvalho dos Reis Marcello , de Albuquerque Victor Hugo C. , Lathar Pankaj , Alkhayyat Ahmed 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMobile Ad‐hoc Network (MANET) is an ad hoc Wireless subset with a unique dynamic geometry of the system and movable nodes. The MANETs are auto‐organized networks that permit mobility without infrastructure. Specific protocols for MANET routing are provided with these attributes. The benefits such as infinite stability and the essential organizational characteristics of MANET are advantageous in circumstances where crisis and military use arise. In the light of malicious nodes, this necessity can lead to real safety threats and interfere in routing. In this specific case, it is a challenge to avoid or identify malicious nodes that initiate grey hole attacks or collective blackhole attacks. This paper addresses and analyzes the risks and security policies of MANET. This method is mainly directed at the Dynamic Source Routing Protocol (DSR). MANET's malicious nodes have been used with schematics such as Control, Two Acknowledgement IDS (TWOACK), Adaptive Acknowledgement IDS(AACK), and Enhanced Adaptive Acknowledgement IDS (EAACK). This research aims to identify trends, difficulties, and possible recommendations for use with MANET using the malicious node detection tool. To fix efficiency, monitoring, and overhead analysis limitations and resolve existing security problems related to MANET. The goal is to offer an Improved Cooperative Malicious Node Detection System (ICMNDS) to detect malicious nodes, which keeps overhead minimum.
A scene flow estimation method based on fusion segmentation and redistribution for autonomous driving
Authors: Hu Fuzhi , Zhang Zili , Hu Xing , Chen Tingting , Guo Hai , Quan Yue , Zhang Pingjuan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractA novel approach is presented here to solve the problem of motion occlusion and motion edge blurring in the existing scene flow estimation. First instance segmentation and superpixels are combined to segment the target and other regions in fusion segmentation. The pixels in each block are then redistributed by the optical flow to ensure the motion of pixels in the subblocks is consistent. Moreover, the 3D motion of subblocks with sufficient pixels is estimated by the energy function, and the others are considered outliers. Finally, the Driving and the KITTI benchmarks are used to evaluate the proposed method. The results demonstrated that the fusion of segmentation and redistribution is positive for the estimation, and this method outperforms the other state‐of‐the‐art methods both qualitatively and quantitatively.
Makeup transfer: A review
Authors: He Feng , Bai Kai , Zong Yixin , Zhou Yuan , Jing Yimai , Wu Guoqiang , Wang Chen 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMakeup transfer (MT) aims to transfer the makeup style from a given reference makeup face image to a source image while preserving face identity and background information. In recent years, MT has attracted the attention of many scholars, and it has a wide range of application prospects and research value. Since then, many methods have been proposed to accomplish MT, most of which are based on Generative Adversarial Network methods. A taxonomy of existing algorithms in the field of MT is first proposed. Then, evaluation methods are proposed, existing methods are analysed, and existing datasets are introduced. This paper finally discusses the current problems in the field of MT and the trend of future research.
Transformation of a three‐phase double‐circuit overhead transmission line into a six‐phase feeder to increase power transfer capability
Authors: Shen Shuhang , Cao Bin , Crossley Peter , Wang Zhongdong , Ding Xiaolin 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe UK net‐zero target requires the integration of significant renewable energy resources into the electrical grid. This, together with the projected growth in electricity demand imposes practical challenges on the power transfer capability of existing transmission feeders. For environmental and planning reasons, construction of new overhead lines is problematic, and where possible upgrading of existing substations and lines is preferred. This paper investigates the feasibility of transforming an existing three‐phase (3Φ) double‐circuit 400 kV line into a six‐phase (6Φ) feeder for a simulated future GB scenario. Results indicate a 6Φ feeder, operating at a ‘phase‐adjacent phase’ voltage of 400 kV can effectively solve the constraints of boundaries in transmission networks. When considering the various operating contingencies, associated with an important UK network boundary and its expected near‐future winter‐peak power transfer requirements, the thermal overload issues are mitigated by transforming a feeder from 3Φ to 6Φ. The paper demonstrates upgrading to 6Φ technology is a potential solution to certain future boundary constraints and in these cases avoids the need to build new underground or overhead AC/DC lines.