bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of distinct immunophenotypes in chronic pulmonary aspergillosis using cluster analysis
Authors: Sehgal Inderpaul S. , Dhooria Sahajal , Muthu Valliappan , Rudramurthy Shivaprakash M. , Prasad Kuruswamy T. , Chakrabarti Arunaloke , Aggarwal Ashutosh N. , Agarwal Ritesh 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundWhether chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA) has different immunophenotypes remains unknown.ObjectiveTo identify different CPA immunophenotypes using cluster analysis.MethodsWe used a subject‐centred multivariate clustering approach without prior assumptions to identify CPA phenotypes. We retrospectively included the data of treatment‐naïve subjects with CPA and excluded subjects with asthma and allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA). We performed a scalable two‐step cluster analysis using the log‐likelihood distance measures to identify CPA phenotypes based on the blood immunological profile (total IgE, eosinophil count and Aspergillus‐specific IgE and IgG).ResultsWe included 351 CPA subjects and found two clusters. Cluster 2 (n = 118) had significantly higher serum total IgE, peripheral blood eosinophil count, and serum A. fumigatus‐specific IgE and IgG than cluster 1 (n = 233). Cluster 2 subjects had a lower FEV1:FVC ratio on spirometry and were more likely to have a fungal ball (88 [74.6%] vs. 145 (62.2%), p = .023) on the CT thorax than cluster 1. After treatment discontinuation, cluster 2 had a longer median (interquartile range) time to relapse than cluster 1 (11.5 [7.3–27.4] vs. 4 [1.1–8.9] months, p = .005).ConclusionWe identified two distinct CPA phenotypes, type‐2 dominant and non‐type‐2, with different clinical and radiological findings and treatment outcomes. Future studies should confirm our findings and investigate different treatment strategies based on CPA phenotypes.
Risk factors for failing a repeat oral food challenge in preschool children with hen's egg allergy
Authors: Nishino Makoto , Yanagida Noriyuki , Sato Sakura , Nagakura Ken‐ichi , Takahashi Kyohei , Ogura Kiyotake , Ebisawa Motohiro 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundChildren with hen's egg (HE) allergy and a positive initial oral food challenge (OFC) require rechallenge to assess for tolerance. However, the risk factors for a positive repeat OFC remain unclear.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed data from 243 preschool children who failed an initial OFC with half a heated HE and repeated the same OFC after 6–24 months. Logistic regression models were used to determine risk factors for a positive repeat OFC, including factors that were ascertainable immediately after the initial OFC and at the repeat OFC as variables.ResultsThe median age, egg white‐, and ovomucoid‐specific IgE (sIgE) were 3.5 years, 12.7, and 7.2 kUA/L, respectively. The median interval between OFCs was 12.4 months and repeat OFCs were positive in 132 (54%) patients. One multivariate analysis model indicated that risk factors for a positive repeat OFC included cumulative dose (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]:0.58), anaphylaxis (aOR: 3.09), total serum IgE (aOR: 0.41), ovomucoid‐sIgE (aOR: 3.21), and age (aOR: 1.68) at the initial OFC. Another model indicated that the risk factors were cumulative dose (aOR: 0.59) and anaphylaxis (aOR: 3.41) at initial OFC and total serum IgE (aOR: 0.36), ovomucoid‐sIgE (aOR: 4.93), and age (aOR: 1.30) at repeat OFC.ConclusionLow threshold dose and severe symptoms at initial OFC, and low total serum IgE, high ovomucoid‐sIgE and higher age at initial and repeat OFCs are risk factors for the persistence of HE allergy and they may be useful when deciding the rechallenge interval for heated HE in preschool children.
Impact of high-sensitivity troponin elevation and dynamic changes on 90-day mortality in patients with acute ischemic stroke after mechanical thrombectomy: results from an observational cohort
Authors: Chen Feng , Bai Xiaolin , Wang Xiuzhe , Zhang Liren , Wang Feng , Huang Ligang , Deng Jiangshan , Geng Zhi 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundA study was undertaken to evaluate the impact of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I (hs-cTnI) elevation and hs-cTnI dynamic changes on 90-day mortality in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) treated with mechanical thrombectomy (MT).MethodsPatients with AIS receiving MT were included in the study. Sixty hours after AIS onset, hs-cTnI levels were measured before and after MT to determine elevated and dynamic changes. Patients were stratified into either normal or hs-cTnI elevation groups according to the pre-MT hs-cTnI cut-off value of 0.03 ng/L. hs-cTnI dynamic changes were defined as an increase or decrease of more than 20% pre-MT and post-MT, and at least one hs-cTnI level >0.03 ng/L. Multivariate Cox regression models were used to investigate the association between hs-cTnI elevation, hs-cTnI dynamic changes, and 90-day mortality in patients with AIS after MT.ResultsA total of 423 patients with AIS after MT were included in our final analysis, of whom only 72 (17%) showed hs-cTnI elevation. Post-MT hs-cTnI retesting was performed in 354 patients, and 90 (25.4%) patients presented with hs-cTnI dynamic changes. 119 patients died within 90 days. After adjusting for potential confounding factors, the Cox regression model showed that patients with hs-cTnI dynamic changes, rather than hs-cTnI elevation, were associated with 90-day mortality (p<0.05). Compared with the hs-cTnI non-dynamic changes, these results showed that a statistical association was present between rising hs-cTnI dynamic changes and 90-day mortality (p>0.05).Conclusionshs-cTnI dynamic changes, dominated by the rising pattern rather than hs-cTnI elevation, were independent factors associated with 90-day mortality in patients with AIS after MT, especially in elderly subjects.
Exploring patient’s experience and unmet needs on pregnancy and family planning in rare and complex connective tissue diseases: a narrative medicine approach
Authors: Marinello Diana , Zucchi Dina , Palla Ilaria , Aguilera Silvia , Galetti Ilaria , Holmner Monica , Sandulescu Silvia , Scarle Lucy , Tremarias Dalila , Bouillot Coralie , Cattaneo Laura , Gaglioti Andrea , Ticciati Simone , Brucato Antonio , Khamashta Munther , Shoenfeld Yehuda , Tincani Angela , Talarico Rosaria , Tani Chiara , Mosca Marta 
Published: December 2022

ObjectiveThe aim of this work is to explore patient’ unmet needs of rare and complex rheumatic tissue diseases (rCTDs) patients during pregnancy and its planning by means of the narrative-based medicine (NBM) approach.MethodsA panel of nine rCTDs patients’ representatives was identified to codesign a survey aimed at collecting the stories of rCTD patients who had one or more pregnancies/miscarriages. The results of the survey and the stories collected were analysed and discussed with a panel of patients’ representatives to identify unmet needs, challenges and possible strategies to improve the care of rCTD patients.Results129 replies were collected, and 112 stories were analysed. Several unmet needs in the management of pregnancy in rCTDs were identified, such as fragmentation of care among different centres, lack of education and awareness on rCTD pregnancies among midwifes, obstetricians and gynaecologists. The lack of receiving appropriate information and education on rCTDs pregnancy was also highlighted by patients and their families. The need for a holistic approach and the availability specialised pregnancy clinics with a multidisciplinary organisation as well as the provision of psychological support during all the phases around pregnancy was considered also a priority.ConclusionThe adoption of the NBM approach enabled a direct identification of unmet needs, and a list of possible actions was elaborated to improve the care of rCTD patients and their families in future initiatives.
A Switching NMOS Based Single Ended Sense Amplifier for High Density SRAM Applications
Authors: Rawat Bhawna , Mittal Poornima 
Published: December 2022

The demand for single ended static random access memory is growing, driven by the decreasing technology node and increasing processing load. This mandates the need for a single ended sense amplifier to be used along with the memory. Consequently, a single ended latch based sense amplifier is proposed in this article for high-speed, low power application. The sense amplifier is designed at a 32 nm technology node and its functioning is analyzed at 1 V supply voltage, while the environment temperature is maintained at 27 °C. It is analyzed for its delay, temperature tolerance, variability tolerance, and area occupancy. The delay requirement of 0.2 ns for the proposed scheme is significantly lower in comparison to its other counter parts. While, its false read time is 0.3μs. In terms of power consumption, the proposed sensing topology is marginally higher than SPSS, but its leakage power is 1.4 times less than SPSS. The major advantage of the proposed SA is its reduced area footprint of 7.65 μm
2
, which is 1.78 times better than the best pre-existing topology in terms of area.
The impact of prediabetes in the first trimester of pregnancy on the incidence of gestational diabetes
Authors: Luz Beatriz dos Santos , Cabral Rayanne Pereira , Souza Gustavo Vieira 
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Prediabetes (PD) outside of pregnancy is a condition reflecting a significant loss of glucose tolerance, characterized in the laboratory by fasting glucose between 100 and 125 mg/dL or 2 hour glucose in the 75 g Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) between 140 and 199 mg/dL or by HbA1c levels between 5.7%-6.4% and is associated with an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes. The development of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) during pregnancy, characterized by a fasting blood glucose between 92 and 125 mg/dL or an impaired OGTT value of 75 g between 24th and 28th weeks, is another condition that increases the risk of perinatal complications such as preeclampsia, cesarean section rate, macrosomia, and also the development of type 2 diabetes after delivery. Determining the prevalence of women diagnosed with prediabetes at the beginning of prenatal care and its association with the diagnosis of GDM is therefore of great importance for clinical, gynecological and obstetric care. Objective: the aim of the study is to determine the prevalence and association of prediabetes in the first trimester of pregnancy with the development of gestational diabetes
Methodology: It was carried out in the Clinical Hospital of Botucatu Medical School. Retrospective cohort study involving eligible pregnant women who underwent fasting glucose test (FG) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) test up to the 14 th week of gestation without previous diagnosis of diabetes mellitus, and who underwent 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (between the 24th and 28th week). We excluded cases in which FG was between 92 mg/dL and 125 mg/dL, which were considered GDM, and cases with FG ≥ 126 mg/dL and/or HbA1c ≥ 6.5 % (overt diabetes). One thousand electronic medical records from between 2013 and 2021 were reviewed and a database was created. The partial results were presented as percentage and 95 Confidence Interval (95% CI). The association between HbA1c and GDM was presented as relative risk and 95% CI. Results: Among pregnant women with normal fasting glucose levels and HbA1c <5.7%, the incidence of GDM, diagnosed by OGTT, was 8.5% (6.4-11.3), while in the group with PD was 14.3% (5.8%-29.8%). The relative risk (RR) for developing GDM among the PD group was 1.7 (0.7-3.9). Discussion and conclusion: The association between prediabetes and gestational diabetes was not confirmed. However, these results are preliminary, and we need to reach the sample size calculated before starting the study to better understand these results. Furthermore, nonpregnant women with prediabetes are monitored and eventually treated, therefore, further studies are needed to evaluate the benefit of treating these pregnant women as recommended for the general population
Erythroid/megakaryocytic differentiation confers BCL-XL dependency and venetoclax resistance in acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Kuusanmäki Heikki , Dufva Olli , Vähä-Koskela Markus , Leppä Aino-Maija , Huuhtanen Jani , Vänttinen Ida , Nygren Petra , Klievink Jay , Bouhlal Jonas , Pölönen Petri , Zhang Qi , Adnan-Awad Shady , Mancebo-Pérez Cristina , Saad Joseph , Miettinen Juho , Javarappa Komal K. , Aakko Sofia , Ruokoranta Tanja , Eldfors Samuli , Heinäniemi Merja , Theilgaard-Mönch Kim , Wartiovaara-Kautto Ulla , Keränen Mikko , Porkka Kimmo , Konopleva Marina , Wennerberg Krister , Kontro Mika , Heckman Caroline A. , Mustjoki Satu 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Myeloid neoplasms with erythroid or megakaryocytic differentiation include pure erythroid leukemia, myelodysplastic syndrome with erythroid features, and acute megakaryoblastic leukemia (FAB M7) and are characterized by poor prognosis and limited treatment options. Here, we investigate the drug sensitivity landscape of these rare malignancies. We show that acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells with erythroid or megakaryocytic differentiation depend on the antiapoptotic protein B-cell lymphoma (BCL)-XL, rather than BCL-2, using combined ex vivo drug sensitivity testing, genetic perturbation, and transcriptomic profiling. High-throughput screening of &gt;500 compounds identified the BCL-XL–selective inhibitor A-1331852 and navitoclax as highly effective against erythroid/megakaryoblastic leukemia cell lines. In contrast, these AML subtypes were resistant to the BCL-2 inhibitor venetoclax, which is used clinically in the treatment of AML. Consistently, genome-scale CRISPR-Cas9 and RNAi screening data demonstrated the striking essentiality of BCL-XL-encoding BCL2L1 but not BCL2 or MCL1, for the survival of erythroid/megakaryoblastic leukemia cell lines. Single-cell and bulk transcriptomics of patient samples with erythroid and megakaryoblastic leukemias identified high BCL2L1 expression compared with other subtypes of AML and other hematological malignancies, where BCL2 and MCL1 were more prominent. BCL-XL inhibition effectively killed blasts in samples from patients with AML with erythroid or megakaryocytic differentiation ex vivo and reduced tumor burden in a mouse erythroleukemia xenograft model. Combining the BCL-XL inhibitor with the JAK inhibitor ruxolitinib showed synergistic and durable responses in cell lines. Our results suggest targeting BCL-XL as a potential therapy option in erythroid/megakaryoblastic leukemias and highlight an AML subgroup with potentially reduced sensitivity to venetoclax-based treatments.
scCapsNet-mask: an updated version of scCapsNet with extended applicability in functional analysis related to scRNA-seq data
Authors: Wang Lifei , Nie Rui , Zhang Jiang , Cai Jun 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
With the rapid accumulation of scRNA-seq data, more and more automatic cell type identification methods have been developed, especially those based on deep learning. Although these methods have reached relatively high prediction accuracy, many issues still exist. One is the interpretability. The second is how to deal with the non-standard test samples that are not encountered in the training process.

Results
Here we introduce scCapsNet-mask, an updated version of scCapsNet. The scCapsNet-mask provides a reasonable solution to the issues of interpretability and non-standard test samples. Firstly, the scCapsNet-mask utilizes a mask to ease the task of model interpretation in the original scCapsNet. The results show that scCapsNet-mask could constrain the coupling coefficients, and make a one-to-one correspondence between the primary capsules and type capsules. Secondly, the scCapsNet-mask can process non-standard samples more reasonably. In one example, the scCapsNet-mask was trained on the committed cells, and then tested on less differentiated cells as the non-standard samples. It could not only estimate the lineage bias of less differentiated cells, but also distinguish the development stages more accurately than traditional machine learning models. Therefore, the pseudo-temporal order of cells for each lineage could be established. Following these pseudo-temporal order, lineage specific genes exhibit a gradual increase expression pattern and stem cell associated genes exhibit a gradual decrease expression pattern. In another example, the scCapsNet-mask was trained on scRNA-seq data, and then used to assign cell type in spatial transcriptomics that may contain non-standard sample of doublets. The results show that the scCapsNet-mask not only restored the spatial map but also identified several non-standard samples of doublet.

Conclusions
The scCapsNet-mask offers a suitable solution to the challenge of interpretability and non-standard test samples. By adding a mask, it has the advantages of automatic processing and easy interpretation compared with the original scCapsNet. In addition, the scCapsNet-mask could more accurately reflect the composition of non-standard test samples than traditional machine learning methods. Therefore, it can extend its applicability in functional analysis, such as fate bias prediction in less differentiated cells and cell type assignment in spatial transcriptomics.
Characterization of a novel theta-type replicon of indigenous plasmid pTE15 from Lactobacillus reuteri N16
Authors: Chen Po-Wen , Lin Chuen-Fu 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
pTE15 is a ~ 15-kb narrow-host-range indigenous plasmid from Lactobacillus reuteri N16 that does not replicate in selected Bacillus spp., Staphylococcus spp., and other Lactobacillus spp.

Methods
Combined deletion analysis the minireplicon essential of pTE15 with replicon-probe vector pUE80 (−) to confirmed sufficient for replication and from the ssDNA intermediate detection, plasmid amplification tested by chloramphenicol treatment, and replication origin sequence analysis to delineated the novel theta-type replication of pTE15.

Results
Single-stranded intermediate of pTE15 DNA was not detected in L. reuteri, indicating that this plasmid does not replicate via a rolling circle mechanism. The replicon of pTE15 did not display the structural organization typical of rolling-circle plasmids, nor were they similar to known rolling-circle plasmids. We further provided evidence that this plasmid applied a new mode of theta-type replication mechanism: (1) the size of this plasmid was > 10-kb; (2) the minireplicon consisted of AT-rich (directed repeat, iteron) and DnaA sequences; (3) the minireplicon did not contain double-strand origin (DSO) and essential rep genes, and it also showed no single-strand origin (SSO) structure; (4) the intermediate single-stranded DNA products were not observed for pTE15 replication; (5) the minireplicon did not contain a typical essential replication protein, Rep, (6) its copy number was decreased by chloramphenicol treatment, and (7) genes in pTE15 replication region encoded truncated RepA (TRepA), RepB and RepC, which were replication-associated proteins, but they were not essential for pTE15 replication.

Conclusions
Collectively, our results strongly suggested that the indigenous plasmid pTE15 of L. reuteri N16 belongs to a new class of theta replicons.
Severe COVID-19-associated myocarditis with cardiogenic shock – management with assist devices – a case report & review
Authors: Noone Stephanie , Flinspach Armin N. , Fichtlscherer Stephan , Zacharowski Kai , Sonntagbauer Michael , Raimann Florian J. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Primary viral myocarditis associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov2) infection is a rare diagnosis.

Case presentation
We report the case of an unvaccinated, healthy patient with cardiogenic shock in the context of a COVID-19-associated myocarditis and therapy with simultaneous veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) and percutaneous left ventricular decompression therapy with an Impella. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of therapeutic options for patients with COVID-19-associated myocarditis.

Conclusions
The majority of patients required a combination of two assist devices to achieve sufficient cardiac output until recovery of left ventricular ejection fraction. Due to the rapid onset of this fulminant cardiogenic shock immediate invasive bridging therapy in a specialized center was lifesaving.
Sex-dependent associations between MAP3K1 gene polymorphisms and soy products with the gastric cancer risk in Korea: a case-control study
Authors: Kwak Jung Hyun , Eun Chang Soo , Han Dong Soo , Kim Yong Sung , Song Kyu Sang , Choi Bo Youl , Kim Hyun Ja 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background/Objectives
The hormone-dependent effect of MAP3K1 gene polymorphisms may explain sex-specific differences in gastric cancer (GC) risk. Phytoestrogens have been shown to interact with this genetic factor. Here, we investigated the association between MAP3K1 gene polymorphisms and GC risk by sex and whether these associations differ depending on soy products intake.

Methods
Participants aged 20–79 years were recruited from two hospitals between December 2002 and September 2006. In all, 440 cases and 485 controls were recruited, among, 246 pairs of cases and controls, matched by sex, age (± 5 years), study admission period (± 1 years), and hospital, were included for the analysis.

Results
In dominant model, men with the A allele of rs252902 showed significantly increased GC risk (odd ratio; OR=2.19, 95% confidence interval; CI=1.31–3.64) compared to GG homozygotes. When stratified by intake of soy products, men with the A allele of rs252902 and low intake of soy products showed significantly higher GC risk (OR=3.29, 95% CI=1.55–6.78) than that in GG homozygotes.

Conclusions
Men with the risk allele of MAP3K1 had a significantly increased GC risk compared to GG homozygotes; this trend was more pronounced in those with low intake of soy products.
Detecting low-intake dehydration using bioelectrical impedance analysis in older adults in acute care settings: a systematic review
Authors: Alsanie Saleh , Lim Stephen , Wootton Stephen A. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Dehydration is a frequent cause of excess morbidity and poor health outcomes, particularly in older adults who have an increased risk of fluid loss due to renal senescence, comorbidities, and polypharmacy. Detecting dehydration is key to instigating treatment to resolve the problem and prevent further adverse consequences; however, current approaches to diagnosis are unreliable and, as a result, under-detection remains a widespread problem. This systematic review sought to explore the value of bioelectrical impedance in detecting low-intake dehydration among older adults admitted to acute care settings.

Methods
A literature search using MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library was undertaken from inception till May 2022 and led to the eventual evaluation of four studies. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane tool for observational studies; three studies had a high risk of bias, and one had a low risk. Data were extracted using systematic proofs. Due to insufficient reporting, the data were analysed using narrative synthesis.

Results
One study showed that the sensitivity and specificity of bioelectrical impedance in detecting low-intake dehydration varied considerably depending on the total body water percentage threshold used to ascertain dehydration status. Other included studies supported the technique's utility when compared to conventional measures of hydration status.

Conclusions
Given the scarcity of literature and inconsistency between findings, it is not possible to ascertain the value of bioelectrical impedance for detecting low-intake dehydration in older inpatients.