bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cloud‐edge collaboration based peer to peer services redirection strategy for passive optical network
Authors: Tang Yongli , You Junru , Qin Panke , Fu Yanyan , Wang Wenke 
Published: April 2022

AbstractWith the increasing number of fibre access users, P2P file sharing download traffic has gradually become one of the enormous bandwidth consumptions for the access network. Localizing traffic could save bandwidth and reduce latency, but it caused optical line terminal (OLT) overload problems. A cloud‐edge collaboration technology (IRS‐CECT) based P2P redirection strategy is proposed for this problem. OLT assumes the role of the cloud computing centre in the strategy. Optical network unit (ONU) serves as an edge computing node to share traffic load for the cloud computing centre. ONU intercepts the upstream query packets for OLT. This strategy can reduce the problem of OLT overload caused by increasing users. Simulation results indicate that the IRS‐CECT strategy can reduce the delay by nearly half and reduce the traffic load on the cloud computing centre OLT.
A generalized piecewise linear time‐variable droop frequency controller with adaptive parameters for de‐loaded wind turbine generators
Authors: Xu You‐Ning , Huang Yu‐Chen , Chen Yi‐Wei , Chuang Cheng‐Han , Hsu Yuan‐Yih 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis paper proposes a generalized piecewise linear time‐variable droop frequency controller with a ramp‐up period for a de‐loaded wind turbine generator. The authors present an analytical model using a simplified system frequency response (SFR) to explain the need for a ramp‐up period under the conditions of variable wind speed. In order to achieve the highest frequency nadir under different operating conditions, the durations and peak value of the time‐variable droop function must be adapted in real time. This adaptation is achieved using an artificial neural network (ANN) based on current system variables such as wind speed, penetration, pitch angle, wind speed change, and outage capacity. Dynamic frequency responses for a power system subject to generator outages and wind speed changes are simulated using MATLAB/Simulink to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed droop controller. These results show that the frequency nadir can be improved by the proposed algorithm through adaption of the durations and peak value.
Distributed radar fusion and recurrent networks for classification of continuous human activities
Authors: Guendel Ronny G. , Fioranelli Francesco , Yarovoy Alexander 
Published: April 2022

AbstractContinuous Human Activity Recognition (HAR) in arbitrary directions is investigated in this paper using a network of five spatially distributed pulsed Ultra‐Wideband radars. While activities performed continuously and in unconstrained trajectories provide a more realistic and natural scenario for HAR, the network of radar sensors is proposed to address the issue of unfavourable or occluded perspectives when using only a single sensor. Different techniques to combine the relevant information from the multiple radars in the network are investigated, focussing on signal level fusion directly applied on Range‐Time maps, and the selection of radar nodes based on location and velocity of the target derived from multilateration processing and tracking. Recurrent Neural Networks with and without bidirectionality are used to classify the activities based on the micro‐Doppler (μD) spectrograms obtained for sensor fusion techniques. To assess classification performances, novel evaluation metrics accounting for the continuous nature of the sequence of activities and inherent imbalances in the dataset are proposed and compared with existing metrics. It is shown that the conventional accuracy metric may not capture all the important aspects for continuous HAR, and the proposed metrics can be considered for a more comprehensive evaluation.
Patientenverfügungen und palliative ärztliche
Versorgung in Pflegeheimen – Studie zu Alltag und Relevanz
außerhalb regulärer Praxiszeiten
Authors: Witthauer Beate , Kolominsky-Rabas Peter 
Published: April 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund In Pflegeheimen nimmt der Anteil der Bewohner*innen
zu, die eine Patientenverfügung verfasst haben. Es gibt keine
Untersuchungen, inwieweit diese Patientenverfügungen im Rahmen des
ärztlichen Bereitschaftsdienstes oder des Notarztdienstes
Berücksichtigung finden. Auch fehlen Aussagen zu Unterschieden
hinsichtlich der Einstellungen der Dienstärzt*innen
verschiedener Fachrichtungen zu therapeutischen Optionen in palliativen
Situationen.
Methoden Im Rahmen von Untersuchungen der ärztlichen Versorgung
von Pflegeheimpatient*innen außerhalb regulärer
Praxiszeiten wurde das Vorhandensein von Patientenverfügungen und deren
Berücksichtigung durch die Dienstärzt*innen (DÄ)
oder Notärzt*innen (NÄ) erfragt (n=101).
Zusätzlich wurden Einstellungen und Meinungen der DÄ
(n=60) und einer Kontrollgruppe von Palliativärzt*innen
(PÄ) (n=19) hinsichtlich palliativmedizinischer Erfahrung, der
Erfragung von Vorausverfügungen und der Vorgehensweise bei einem
fiktiven palliativen Fall erfasst.
Ergebnisse Von 82 Bewohner*innen hatten 71% eine
schriftliche Vorausverfügung. Bei 101 Arztkontakten im Pflegeheim wurde
in 54% der Fälle von DÄ oder NÄ nach
Vorausverfügungen gefragt. In 92% wurde die erfragte
Verfügung befolgt. Signifikante Unterschiede zwischen DÄ und
NÄ ergaben sich nicht. Bei einem fiktiven palliativen Fall
würden 92% der DÄ und 95% der PÄ nach
einer Vorausverfügung fragen. Allgemeinärzt*innen,
Internist*innen und PÄ setzen häufiger schnellwirkende
Opioide und Anxiolytika in palliativen Fällen ein, rufen seltener den NA
und weisen seltener stationär ein. Damit unterscheiden sie sich von
anderen Fachrichtungen.
Schlussfolgerungen DÄ oder NÄ erfragen
Vorausverfügungen in den Pflegeheimen nur in 54% aller
Arzt-Patienten-Kontakte. Zum einen erscheint eine weitere Sensibilisierung der
Ärzteschaft bezüglich der Nachfrage nach
Patientenverfügungen bei unbekannten Patient*innen sinnvoll. Zum
anderen sollte der Patientenwille in Kurzform als Aktenvermerk in der
Pflegedokumentation schnell ersichtlich sein. Vorausschauende
Therapieabsprachen, das frühzeitige Hinzuziehen palliativ erfahrener
Ärzt*innen (AAPV, SAPV), aber auch eine verstärkte
palliativmedizinische Fortbildung aller Ärzt*innen
könnten die Betreuung der Pflegeheimbewohner*innen
verbessern.
Four-Year Efficacy and Safety of iTrack Ab-interno Canaloplasty as a Standalone Procedure and Combined with Cataract Surgery in Open-Angle Glaucoma
Authors: Koerber Norbert , Ondrejka Simon 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose To evaluate the long-term effectiveness of ab-interno canaloplasty (ABiC), performed with the iTrack microcatheter (Nova Eye Medical, Fremont, CA, USA), in reducing
intraocular pressure (IOP) as well as the number of required glaucoma medications in patients with open-angle glaucoma (OAG).
Methods In this retrospective single-center consecutive case series, 27 eyes of 21 patients (mean age 77.3 ± 5.8 years) were treated with ABiC performed as a standalone procedure or
combined with cataract surgery. Patients with uncontrolled IOP OAG or controlled IOP (≤ 18 mmHg) OAG with intolerance to medications or lack of compliance were included. Patients were
followed for up to 4 years following the procedure. The iTrack microcatheter was used to perform a 360-degree circumferential intubation and viscodilation of Schlemmʼs canal. Primary
efficacy endpoints included IOP and the number of glaucoma medications at 12, 24, 36, and 48 months after surgery.
Results In all eyes, mean IOP and number of glaucoma medications were significantly reduced from 19.8 ± 5.2 mmHg and 1.9 ± 1.00 at baseline to 14.6 ± 3 mmHg and 0.9 ± 0.8,
respectively, at the 48-month follow-up (p < 0.001). IOP was stable from 12 months to 48 months (p > 0.005). After 48 months, 39% of the eyes required zero medications compared to 3.7%
at baseline, and 72.2% of eyes required only one medication or less. Of all eyes, 77.8% recorded an IOP ≤ 17 mmHg. No serious complications were recorded.
Conclusion iTrack ABiC performed as a standalone procedure or in combination with cataract surgery significantly reduced IOP and number of medications in patients with OAG up to 4
years after the procedure.
Severe Retinopathy of Prematurity in Big Babies
Authors: Bekmez Sinan , Eris Dilem 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background Evaluation of babies with gestational age (GA) over 32 weeks and with a birth weight (BW) over 1500 g, who underwent treatment for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).
Materials and Methods The data of babies with ROP between June 2015 – 2020 were analyzed retrospectively and cross-sectionally. All infants treated for ROP were evaluated. Big babies
who were older than 32 weeks GA with a BW higher than 1500 g were determined. Other treated premature infants formed the control group.
Results We retrospectively scanned 6581 patients who underwent ROP examination. Of these babies, 109 were treated for ROP. Thirteen babies (12%) who were treated for ROP were born
over 32 weeks of GA and above the weight of 1500 g. One big infant was excluded because of missing file data. Eleven of these infants had type 1 ROP and 1 had aggressive posterior ROP. The
mean GA and BW of big babies was 33.58 ± 0.88 weeks and 1860.83 ± 257.73 g, respectively. The mean GA and BW of the control group was 27.85 ± 2.02 weeks and 1068.28 ± 313.78 g, respectively.
Both the big babies and the control group received oxygen treatment for 15.25 ± 11.44 and 19.17 ± 12.11 days (p = 0.29), respectively. Sepsis was seen in one big infant but 18 infants were
observed to have sepsis in the control group. Similarly, one big infant had necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), while in the control group, 12 infants had NEC.
Conclusions Total oxygen intake days, NEC, and sepsis rates were found to be relatively lower in big babies with severe ROP. This could suggest that other factors may have a greater
effect on the development of severe ROP in big babies.
Änderungen bei der Verordnung oraler Antikoagulation in
Hausarztpraxen nach Einführung der direkten oralen
Antikoagulanzien
Authors: Bleckwenn Markus , Schumacher Nadine , Puth Marie-Therese , Just Johannes Maximilian , Weckbecker Klaus 
Published: April 2022

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie Seit 2011 erweitern die nicht-Vitamin-K-abhängigen
oralen Antikoa-gulanzien (NOAK) das Spektrum der Antikoagulation.
Zunächst war die Zulassung der NOAK auf die Prophylaxe von
postoperativen Thrombosen beschränkt, im Verlauf wurde das Spektrum auf
die Therapie von Thrombosen und Embolien sowie zur Antikoagulation bei
nicht-valvulärem Vorhofflimmern erweitert. In dieser Studie sollte
untersucht werden, wie sich die Zulassung der NOAK auf das Verordnungsverhalten
der Hausärzte in den ersten Jahren der Zulassung ausgewirkt hat.
Methodik In einer retrospektiven Längsschnittuntersuchung wurden
die Verordnungen von Antikoagulanzien zwischen 2012 und 2017 in 3 Hausarztpraxen
im Raum Bonn analysiert. Dabei wurden alle Patienten in die Studie
eingeschlossen, bei denen mindestens eine Verordnung eines NOAK oder eines
Vitamin-K-Antagonisten (VKA) in diesem Untersuchungszeitraum im
Verwaltungssystem der Praxen dokumentiert war.
Ergebnisse Insgesamt wurden Akten von n=579 Patienten ausgewertet
(47% weib-lich; Alter im Mittel 75 Jahre). Davon nahmen 47% ein
VKA und 40% ein NOAK (59% Rivaroxaban, 29% Apixaban,
9% Dabigatran und 3% Edoxaban) ein. Im Unter-suchungszeitraum
nahm der Anteil von VKA-Verordnungen von 45% auf 14% ab und der
Anteil der NOAK von 28% auf 87% zu. Bei 12% der
Patienten kam es zu einem Wechsel der Antikoagulation. Dabei war der Wechsel von
einem VKA auf ein NOAK (70%) am häufigsten.
Schlussfolgerung Nach der Marktzulassung nahm der Anteil an NOAK bei den
Erstverordnungen kontinuierlich zu. Dieser Trend ist auch in anderen
europäischen Studien erkennbar. Die VKA werden vor allem Patienten mit
einer stabilen oralen Antikoagulation verordnet. Ein Wechsel der Antikoagulation
wird, wie in den Leitlinien empfohlen, vor allem bei Problemen unter der
Therapie durchgeführt. Sollte der Trend bei der Verordnung von
Antikoagulantien anhalten, werden mittelfristig VKA nur bei langjährig
stabil eingestellten Patienten und bei Patienten mit künstlichen
Herzklappen verordnet werden.
A Pediatric COVID-19 Study: Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer, Ganglion Cell Layer, and Alterations in Choroidal Thickness in Swept-Source OCT Measurements
Authors: Akpolat Cetin , Cetinkaya Tugba , Kurt Muhammed M. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Purpose To investigate early covid measurements of central macular thickness (CMT), retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), ganglion cell layer (GCL) thickness, and choroidal thickness
(ChT) in children recovered from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
Methods This cross-sectional study was carried out 4 weeks after completed COVID-19 treatment. The diagnosis of the Alpha variant COVID-19 was made by the polymerase chain reaction
test after prediagnosis with clinical, laboratory, and radiological findings. A total of 46 children were included in the study. Pediatric patients who received COVID-19 treatment comprised
the COVID-19 group (24 children), and healthy children were enrolled in the control group (22 children). Only the right eyes of the participants were enrolled in the study. All pediatric
patients in the COVID-19 group required hospitalization without the need for intubation. Swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) was used to measure CMT, RNFL, and GCL thickness,
and ChT measurements.
Results The COVID-19 and control groups had similar mean values of visual acuity, intraocular pressure, spherical equivalent, axial length, and CMT (p > 0.05 for all). RNFL
thickening, GCL, and choroidal thinning were observed in all SS-OCT measurements of COVID-19 children. However, RNFL thickening was significant only in the global and nasal peripapillary
quadrants. GCL thinning was significant in the nasal/inferior sector (p < 0.002 for all). Some significant correlations were observed between the mean levels of inflammatory markers and
OCT measurements (p < 0.002).
Conclusion This study may be among the first reports of SS-OCT examination of COVID-19 children. OCT measurements showed changes in retinal and ChT in the COVID-19 children as in
adult patients.
Macrophage Depletion Attenuates Acute Renal Damage after Exhaustive
Exercise in Mice
Authors: Mizokami Tsubasa , Shimada Michiko , Suzuki Katsuhiko 
Published: April 2022

AbstractExhaustive exercise is known to induce acute renal damage. However, the precise
mechanisms remain unclear. We investigated the effects of macrophage depletion
on exhaustive exercise-induced acute renal damage. Male
C57BL/6 J mice were divided into four groups: sedentary with
control liposome (n=8), sedentary with clodronate liposome
(n=8), exhaustive exercise with control liposome (n=8), and
exhaustive exercise with clodronate liposome (n=8). Mice were treated
with clodronate liposomes or control liposomes intraperitoneally for
48 h before undergoing exhaustive exercise. Renal function and renal
histology were tested at 24 h. The expression levels of kidney injury
molecule (KIM)-1 and inflammatory cytokines in kidney tissues were measured by
quantitative RT-PCR, and KIM-1 concentration was semi-quantified by
immunostaining. As a result, exhaustive exercise increased macrophage
infiltration into the kidney. However, clodronate reduced it. Although
exhaustive exercise resulted in an increase in KIM-1 mRNA expression levels and
concentration, injection of clodronate liposome reduced it. In addition, TUNEL
positive apoptotic cells were increased after exercise, but significantly
reduced by clodronate. Clodronate liposome treatment also decreased the mRNA
expression levels of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and
IL-6) in the kidney after exhaustive exercise. These results suggest that
macrophages play a critical role in increasing renal damage by regulating
inflammation.
Effect of Two Different Temperature Settings on Patient Comfort Level during Respiratory Therapy by High-Flow Nasal Cannula
Authors: Kumari Mamta , Taneja Rashmi , Grover Niharika , Soni Megha 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background Hypoxemic respiratory failure may require high flow O2 therapy (>15 L/m), which can be delivered using a high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) device. There are three variables: FiO2, flow, and temperature that can be controlled while using HFNC. This study was planned to assess the degree of comfort level of patients at two different temperature settings.
Methods A prospective interventional cross-over study was performed on 40 hypoxemic respiratory failure patients, who were on HFNC. Primary outcome was to assess patient comfort during HFNC therapy at two different temperatures (31 and 37°C), at the flow of 60 L/m for 30 minutes at each temperature setting, leaving FiO2 unchanged. After 30 minutes of each temperature setting, the comfort level was assessed using 11 score visual numerical scale (ranging from 0 to 10) together with other vital parameters.
Result Patients were found to be more comfortable at temperature settings of 31°C than at 37°C (p-value < 0.05%). Also, an increase in blood pressure was observed at 37°C after completion of 30 minutes, which was statistically significant but not clinically significant.
Conclusion Starting HFNC therapy at lower temperature gives better patient acceptance and reduces chances of failure due to discomfort.
Predicting binding affinities of emerging variants of SARS-CoV-2 using spike protein sequencing data: observations, caveats and recommendations
Authors: Zhang Ruibo , Ghosh Souparno , Pal Ranadip 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Predicting protein properties from amino acid sequences is an important problem in biology and pharmacology. Protein–protein interactions among SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, human receptors and antibodies are key determinants of the potency of this virus and its ability to evade the human immune response. As a rapidly evolving virus, SARS-CoV-2 has already developed into many variants with considerable variation in virulence among these variants. Utilizing the proteomic data of SARS-CoV-2 to predict its viral characteristics will, therefore, greatly aid in disease control and prevention. In this paper, we review and compare recent successful prediction methods based on long short-term memory (LSTM), transformer, convolutional neural network (CNN) and a similarity-based topological regression (TR) model and offer recommendations about appropriate predictive methodology depending on the similarity between training and test datasets. We compare the effectiveness of these models in predicting the binding affinity and expression of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein sequences. We also explore how effective these predictive methods are when trained on laboratory-created data and are tasked with predicting the binding affinity of the in-the-wild SARS-CoV-2 spike protein sequences obtained from the GISAID datasets. We observe that TR is a better method when the sample size is small and test protein sequences are sufficiently similar to the training sequence. However, when the training sample size is sufficiently large and prediction requires extrapolation, LSTM embedding and CNN-based predictive model show superior performance.
STAAR workflow: a cloud-based workflow for scalable and reproducible rare variant analysis
Authors: Gaynor Sheila M , Westerman Kenneth E , Ackovic Lea L , Li Xihao , Li Zilin , Manning Alisa K , Philippakis Anthony , Lin Xihong 
Published: April 2022

AbstractSummaryWe developed the variant-Set Test for Association using Annotation infoRmation (STAAR) workflow description language (WDL) workflow to facilitate the analysis of rare variants in whole genome sequencing association studies. The open-access STAAR workflow written in the WDL allows a user to perform rare variant testing for both gene-centric and genetic region approaches, enabling genome-wide, candidate and conditional analyses. It incorporates functional annotations into the workflow as introduced in the STAAR method in order to boost the rare variant analysis power. This tool was specifically developed and optimized to be implemented on cloud-based platforms such as BioData Catalyst Powered by Terra. It provides easy-to-use functionality for rare variant analysis that can be incorporated into an exhaustive whole genome sequencing analysis pipeline.Availability and implementationThe workflow is freely available from https://dockstore.org/workflows/github.com/sheilagaynor/STAAR_workflow.Supplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Dug: a semantic search engine leveraging peer-reviewed knowledge to query biomedical data repositories
Authors: Waldrop Alexander M , Cheadle John B , Bradford Kira , Preiss Alexander , Chew Robert , Holt Jonathan R , Kebede Yaphet , Braswell Nathan , Watson Matt , Hench Virginia , Crerar Andrew , Ball Chris M , Schreep Carl , Linebaugh P J , Hiles Hannah , Boyles Rebecca , Bizon Chris , Krishnamurthy Ashok , Cox Steve 
Published: April 2022

AbstractMotivationAs the number of public data resources continues to proliferate, identifying relevant datasets across heterogenous repositories is becoming critical to answering scientific questions. To help researchers navigate this data landscape, we developed Dug: a semantic search tool for biomedical datasets utilizing evidence-based relationships from curated knowledge graphs to find relevant datasets and explain why those results are returned.ResultsDeveloped through the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute’s (NHLBI) BioData Catalyst ecosystem, Dug has indexed more than 15 911 study variables from public datasets. On a manually curated search dataset, Dug’s total recall (total relevant results/total results) of 0.79 outperformed default Elasticsearch’s total recall of 0.76. When using synonyms or related concepts as search queries, Dug (0.36) far outperformed Elasticsearch (0.14) in terms of total recall with no significant loss in the precision of its top results.Availability and implementationDug is freely available at https://github.com/helxplatform/dug. An example Dug deployment is also available for use at https://search.biodatacatalyst.renci.org/.Supplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.