bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Magnetic Relaxation and Modification of Thiol Groups on Co‐Mg Ferrite Nanoparticles for Theranostics
Authors: Katayanagi Hikaru , Sakai Naoki , Hamada Sota , Usui Akihito , Aoki Kota , Kodama Keita , Nashimoto Kentaro , Hosokai Yoshiyuki , Ichiyanagi Yuko 
Published: April 2022

AbstractCo1‐xMgxFe2O4(x=0.0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0) nanoparticles embedded in amorphous SiO2with particle sizes of approximately 4.5 nm were prepared using an original wet chemical method. We performed spin‐echo magnetic resonance imaging measurements for Co1‐xMgxFe2O4nanoparticles using a 0.3‐T MRI system. The particles exhibited a significantT2shortening effect compared with that of agarose, depending on the composition. All particles exhibited effective relaxivity,R2, and a significant contrast was observed in the phantom image. Furthermore, thiol group was modified to enable particles to bind specifically to maleimide proteins. These particles are expected to be potential theranostic agents.
Online streaming feature selection for multigranularity hierarchical classification learning
Authors: Wang Chenxi , Zhang Xiaoqing , Ye Liqin , Mao Yu , Li Shaozi , Lin Yaojin 
Published: April 2022

AbstractHierarchical classification learning is a hot research topic in machine learning and data mining domains, and many feature selection algorithms with category hierarchy have been proposed. However, existing algorithms assume that the feature space of data is completely obtained in advance, and ignore its uncertainty and dynamicity. To address these problems, we propose an online streaming feature selection framework with a hierarchical structure to solve the above two problems simultaneously. First, we apply the hierarchical relationship between nodes in a hierarchical structure to the Relief algorithm, so that it can be used to compute the weights of dynamic features. Second, we dynamically select important features for each internal node via comparing the magnitude of the weights of features on these nodes with their parent and sibling nodes. In addition, we perform redundancy analysis of features by calculating the covariance between features to obtain a superior online feature subset for each internal node. Finally, the proposed algorithm is compared with six online streaming feature selection methods on six hierarchical data sets, and experimental results shows that the classification performance of the proposed algorithm is effective.
A dual‐system trusted computing node construction method based on ARM multi‐core CPU architecture
Authors: Hong Yu , Ning Zhenhu , Sun Yu , Shen Changxiang 
Published: April 2022

SummaryComputer node security is the source and foundation of information system security. Trusted computing dual system architecture is an important implementation method to solve the security assurance by establishing the dual system of computing nodes, on the one hand, to achieve isolation on the other hand to achieve the active metrics of the system. This article systematically analyzes the dual architecture of trusted computing, summarizes the security assurance implementation of the dual architecture of trusted computing as the problem of trusted platform control module (TPCM) trusted root parallel access bus, and designs and implements it using ARM multi‐core CPU architecture, and designs the basic hardware security assurance capabilities such as TPCM resource isolation, active metrics, secure communication and other key components of trusted cryptography module and trusted software base based on it, thus implementing the two core mechanisms of trustworthy computing, namely, trust chain construction and dynamic metrics, are implemented. The design of system integration in computing node devices based on this ARM multi‐core CPU architecture is proposed, and the related design and implementation methods are proposed, and finally, the prototype implementation and test verification are performed on the Phytium CPU platform.
Real‐Time Tunable Red/Near‐Infrared Solid‐State Emitters in the First Biological Window: 9,9‐Diethyl‐2‐diphenylaminofluorene‐Based Push‐Pull Fluorophores for Distributed Feedback and Random Lasing Applications
Authors: Durko‐Maciag Martyna , Popczyk Anna , Rémond Maxime , Zheng Zheng , Bretonniere Yann , Andraud Chantal , Mysliwiec Jaroslaw 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIn biological imaging, red‐to‐infrared emissive dyes facilitate direct visualization of molecular interactions, through deep tissue penetration, along with minimal tissue damage. This work uses simple systems based on a single dye‐doped polymeric thin film for distributed feedback and random lasing investigations. As active compounds, novel push‐pull luminescent diphenylaminofluorene derivatives are used, functionalized with different acceptor groups. Integration of such luminescent dyes with a transparent polymeric medium allows fabrication of real‐time lasing tunability in the first biological window (650–950 nm). The observed spectral tuning of 150 nm is a groundbreaking value obtained in a single‐dye system.
Solvent‐Assisted Mechanochemical Synthesis of a Nucleotide Dimer
Authors: Johnston Christopher , Migaud Marie E. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThis article contains a synthetic protocol for solvent‐assisted mechanochemical synthesis of a nucleotide dimer. First, a dinucleoside phosphite is prepared by solvent‐assisted mechanochemistry via the phosphoramidite method. Second, the dinucleoside phosphite is oxidized to form the dinucleotide under mechanochemical conditions. Finally, the dinucleotide is purified by column chromatography. Support protocols are also provided for preparing the acidic salts that can be utilized for phosphoramidite couplings and for demonstrating that the reaction occurs under mechanochemical conditions rather than as a result of solvent added for analysis. Mechanochemistry as applied to synthesis of dinucleotides is a recent development and it is anticipated that the principles in this protocol will be widely applicable to a range of nucleoside and ribonucleoside monomers. The advantages of mechanochemistry over traditional solution‐phase chemistry are the simplicity of the procedure, improved hydrolytic stability, and elimination of the need to solubilize poorly soluble compounds. © 2022 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol: Solvent‐assisted mechanochemical synthesis of a nucleotide dimerSupplementary Protocol 1: Synthesis of N‐methylimidazolium triflateSupplementary Protocol 2: Synthesis of pyridinium trifluoroacetateSupplementary Protocol 3: Confirmation of the efficacy of mechanochemical conditions
Biocatalysis as Key to Sustainable Industrial Chemistry
Authors: Alcántara Andrés R. , Domínguez de María Pablo , Littlechild Jennifer A. , Schürmann Martin , Sheldon Roger A. , Wohlgemuth Roland 
Published: April 2022

AbstractInvited for this month′s cover is the Working Group Sustainable Chemistry of the European Society of Applied Biocatalysis (ESAB). The image shows the significant contributions of Biocatalysis to science, industry, society, and environment as a technology of first choice for Sustainable Chemistry in the 21st century. The Perspective itself is available at 10.1002/cssc.202102709.
A two‐dimensional RC network topology for fault‐tolerant design of analog circuits
Authors: Paiva Henrique Mohallem , Galvão Roberto Kawakami Harrop , Hadjiloucas Sillas , Yoneyama Takashi , Marcolino Matheus Henrique 
Published: April 2022

SummaryThis paper proposes a novel one‐port passive circuit topology consisting of a two‐dimensional network of resistors and capacitors, which can be used as a fault‐tolerant building block for analog circuit design. Through an analytical procedure, the network is shown to follow simple first‐order admittance dynamics. A Monte Carlo method is employed to describe the effect of simultaneous faults (short or open circuit) in random network elements in terms of confidence bounds in the frequency‐domain admittance profile. Faults in 10% of the elements resulted in only minor changes of the frequency response (up to 3.9 dB in magnitude and 12.5
in phase in 95% of the cases). An example is presented to illustrate the use of the proposed RC network in the fault‐tolerant design of a low‐pass filter.
Traits, landmarks and outlines: Three congruent sides of a tale on coral reef fish morphology
Authors: Quitzau Marita , Frelat Romain , Bonhomme Vincent , Möllmann Christian , Nagelkerke Leopold , Bejarano Sonia 
Published: April 2022

AbstractQuantifying the morphology of organisms remains fundamental in ecology given the form‐function relationship. Morphology is quantifiable in traits, landmarks, and outlines, and the choice of approach may influence ecological conclusions to an unknown extent. Here, we apply these three approaches to 111 individual coral reef fish of 40 species common in Micronesia. We investigate the major dimensions of morphological variability among individuals, families, and predefined feeding functional groups. We find that although the approaches are complementary, they coincide in capturing elongation as the main dimension of variability. Furthermore, the choice of approach led to different interpretations regarding the degree of morphological differentiation among taxonomic and feeding functional groups. We also use each morphology dataset to compute community‐scale morphological diversity on Palauan reefs and investigate how the choice of dataset affects the detection of differences among sites and wave exposure levels. The exact ranking of sites from highest to lowest morphological diversity was sensitive to the approach used, but not the broad spatial pattern of morphological diversity. Conclusions regarding the effect of wave exposure on morphological diversity were robust to the approach used. Biodiversity hotspots (e.g., areas of exceptionally high diversity and/or endemism) are considered important conservation targets but their location may depend on the biodiversity metric used. In the same vein, our results caution against labelling particular sites as morphological diversity hotspots when metrics consider only a single aspect of morphology.
Fijian sea krait behavior relates to fine‐scale environmental heterogeneity in old‐growth coastal forest: The importance of integrated land–sea management for protecting amphibious animals
Authors: Lowe Christopher , Keppel Gunnar , Waqa Kalisi , Peters Stefan , Fisher Robert N. , Scanlon Annette , Osborne‐Naikatini Tamara , Thomas‐Moko Nunia 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe importance of terrestrial coastal ecosystems for maintaining healthy coral reef ecosystems remains understudied. Sea kraits are amphibious snakes that require healthy coral reefs for foraging, but little is known about their requirements of terrestrial habitats, where they slough their skin, digest prey, and breed. Using concurrent microclimate measurements and behavior surveys, we show that a small, topographically flat atoll in Fiji with coastal forest provides many microhabitats that relate to the behaviors of Yellow Lipped Sea Kraits, Laticauda colubrina. Microclimates were significantly related to canopy cover, leaf litter depth, and distance from the high‐water mark (HWM). Sea kraits were almost exclusively observed in coastal forest within 30 m of the HWM. Sloughing of skins only occurred within crevices of mature or dying trees. Resting L. colubrina were significantly more likely to occur at locations with higher mean diurnal temperatures, lower leaf litter depths, and shorter distances from the HWM. On Leleuvia, behavior of L. colubrina therefore relates to environmental heterogeneity created by old‐growth coastal forests, particularly canopy cover and crevices in mature and dead tree trunks. The importance of healthy coastal habitats, both terrestrial and marine, for L. colubrina suggests it could be a good flagship species for advocating integrated land‐sea management. Furthermore, our study highlights the importance of coastal forests and topographically flat atolls for biodiversity conservation. Effective conservation management of amphibious species that utilize land‐ and seascapes is therefore likely to require a holistic approach that incorporates connectivity among ecosystems and environmental heterogeneity at all relevant scales.
Chemical composition and microbial quality of Datshi and Zoety, unripen cottage cheese of Bhutan
Authors: Nair Anooja , Choden Dechen , Pradhan Monika 
Published: April 2022

AbstractDatshi is an unripen traditional Bhutanese cottage cheese produced commonly from the cow milk. It is consumed in two forms: fresh (Datshi) and matured Datshi (Zoety). The chemical and microbial compositions of both Datshi and Zoety were investigated in this study. The results showed that both Datshi and Zoety contain high moisture: 68.7% and 73.7%, respectively. However, Datshi contains good amount of protein, fat, and ash: 30.1%, 6.6%, and 6.9%, respectively; and in comparison to Zoety: protein (27.7%), fat (3.6%), and ash (2.1%). Regarding the microbial load, total aerobes and yeast and mold in Datshi are 10.5 log cfu/g and 8.3 log cfu/g, and that in Zoety is 11.3 log cfu/g and 9 log cfu/g, respectively. This study clearly demonstrated that chemical and microbial composition changes significantly when Datshi is transformed into Zoety, especially the chemical composition decreases significantly in Zoety. However, to understand the role of microbes in this transformation, further study is required for the identification of microflora of Datshi as well as Zoety.
Monitoring fall CO2 efflux of dallisgrass and hybrid bermudagrass: Implications for nonselective weed control
Authors: Begitschke Erick , Johnston Christopher , Henry Gerald 
Published: April 2022

AbstractChemical control options for dallisgrass (Paspalum dilatatum Poir.) are limited, inconsistent, and damaging to desirable species. Dallisgrass and hybrid bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. × Cynodon transvaalensis Burtt Davy] may enter dormancy at different times, allowing for safe, efficacious use of nonselective herbicides for dallisgrass control. Field experiments evaluated dallisgrass and hybrid bermudagrass dormancy by measuring plant respiration in fall and subjecting the carbon efflux data to a nonlinear exponential decay regression model fitted against cooling degree‐days (CDDs). Total plant respiration differed between the species at trial initiation. Dallisgrass exhibited higher net respiration, indicating that each species proceeded into dormancy at different rates. A postemergence dallisgrass control trial was initiated at 5 to 125 CDD22C to evaluate potential rates of quinclorac (1.5, 2.3, and 3.0 kg acid equivalent ha–1), monosodium methanearsonate (6.1, 9.1, and 12.1 kg a.i. ha–1), glyphosate (5, 7.6, and 10.1 kg a.i. ha–1), and thiencarbazone + foramsulfuron + halosulfuron (0.14, 0.18, and 0.22 .kg a.i. ha–1). Dallisgrass control 36 wk after the initial treatment was greatest with glyphosate (≥97%). Minimal bermudagrass survival was observed next spring in response to fall glyphosate. Total plant respiration per sample area differed between species at trial initiation. However, dallisgrass exhibited greater net respiration, indicating differences in behavior concerning the initiation and procession of dormancy between dallisgrass and bermudagrass. Microclimates such as shaded or low‐lying areas may yield different results. Further research should determine the significance of this phenomenon to use nonselective herbicides to control dallisgrass in bermudagrass.
Photobiomodulation therapy for treatment olfactory and taste dysfunction COVID‐19‐related: A case report
Authors: de Souza Viviane Brocca , Ferreira Laís Tatiane , Sene‐Fiorese Marcela , Garcia Vanessa , Rodrigues Tiago Zuccolotto , de Aquino Junior Antonio Eduardo , Bagnato Vanderlei Salvador , Panhoca Vitor Hugo 
Published: April 2022

AbstractIt is postulated that the inflammatory process resulting from SARS‐CoV‐2 infection is the main cause of smell and taste dysfunctions in patients. In view of this, photobiomodulation, due to its anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant effects, may be a promising therapeutic modality to treat these disorders. In the present case report, we observed clinical improvement in the symptoms of anosmia and ageusia related to COVID‐19 after treatment with photobiomodulation. Due to the inflammatory nature of COVID‐19 and the anti‐inflammatory effects, photobiomodulation antioxidants already proven in the literature make it a promising therapeutic modality, especially sequela COVID‐related, including olfactory (anosmia) and taste (ageusia) dysfunction. In the present case report, the patient's olfactory and gustatory functions were re‐established after 10 treatment sessions with photobiomodulation.
Hereditary intraspinal schwannomatosis with SMARCB1 gene mutation: A case report
Authors: Li Yu , Chen Lulu , Shao Dongqi , Zhang Binbin , Xie Shan , Zheng Xialin , Jiang Zhiquan 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundSchwannomatosis is the third subtype of neurofibromatosis. Schwannomatosis, particularly the familial variant, is uncommon. Recently, germline mutations of the SMARCB1 gene have been found to cause schwannomatosis. In this report, we describe a case of familial inherited intraspinal schwannomatosis. Postoperative pathology indicated a schwannoma. The results of gene testing showed that the SMARCB1 gene had a spliced mutation.Case descriptionA patient with a rare case of familial intraluminal schwannomatosis was admitted to our hospital. Peripheral blood gene testing was performed on the patient and her son, and a splice mutation of the SMARCB1 gene located at C. 1118+1G>A on intron 8 was identified.ConclusionsSchwannomatosis is an incomplete dominant autosomal dominant genetic disorder. The structural and functional abnormalities of proteins caused by mutations in the SMARCB1 gene may be the molecular basis for familial schwannomatosis.
Expediting dental treatment for patients with diabetes mellitus in a university‐based dental clinic
Authors: Baxter Michelle , Hardin‐Fanning Frances , Witt Cheryl 
Published: April 2022

AbstractPurposeThis pilot project was implemented to minimize barriers in access to care, reduce the risk for oral health and systemic diabetes complications, and optimize the health outcomes for patients with diabetes seeking comprehensive dental treatment.MethodsThe intervention group included patients with diabetes who participated in hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) testing during their initial dental screening appointment. The participants whose HbA1c value was ≤ 9.0% were expedited into the scheduling queue for the next comprehensive examination appointment. Health literacy was assessed regarding patients’ understanding of the connection between oral health and diabetes.ResultsThe mean number of days between screening and treatment plan development was decreased by 38.4%. Of the participants in the intervention group with an HbA1c value ≤ 9.0%, 44% rated their understanding of the connection between diabetes and gum disease as “poor”, whereas 86% of the patients who were ineligible due to an HbA1c value ≥ 9.1% rated their understanding as “very good” or “excellent”.ConclusionsPatients with diabetes will continue to benefit from this quality improvement project to minimize barriers to dental care and improve overall health outcomes as this intervention is adopted as a permanent practice change. The need has been highlighted for comprehensive education in practice settings concerning medical and dental collaboration, and patient awareness of the interrelationship between diabetes mellitus and oral disease. An increase in oral examinations, assessment of routine oral health behaviors, and referral to dental providers from the primary care setting is warranted.
The Japanese lead extraction registry (J‐LEX): Annual report 2020
Authors: Shoda Morio , Kusano Kengo , Goya Masahiko , Nishii Nobuhiro , Imai Katsuhiko , Okamoto Yoji , Nagashima Michio , Takegami Misa , Nakao Yoko M. , Iwanaga Yoshitaka , Miyamoto Yoshihiro , Nogami Akihiko , Shimizu Wataru ,   J‐LEX registry investigators
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe Japanese Heart Rhythm Society established a nationwide, mandatory, multi‐center, prospective, observational registry of transvenous lead extraction (TLE) named the Japanese lead extraction registry (J‐LEX) in 2018. We have published the first annual report of J‐LEX with 661 cases from 42 hospitals. The second annual report of J‐LEX in 2020 enrolled increased numbers of 785 cases from 75 hospitals. TLE procedure was attempted on patients with an average age of 71.7 years old, male in 72.5% in the hybrid operating room in 57.9%, and in standard OR with a C‐arm fluoroscope in 18.7%. The indication of TLE was an infection in 62.8% and the guideline classification was class‐I in 67.4% and class‐IIa in 23.8%. The average implantation duration of target leads was 7.9 years. Complete removal was achieved in 96.6% of the target leads and clinical success in 98.1% of the patients. Perioperative complications were observed in 7.1% of the patients. One patient died during a TLE operation and the other three patients died in‐hospital (cardiac death in one patient and non‐cardiac in two patients). Although the annual J‐LEX report in 2020 demonstrated an increased number of TLE procedures despite the first pandemic year of coronavirus disease‐2019 (COVID‐19), perioperative complications increased a little in comparison with J‐LEX 2019.
Experimental determination of shear stresses on an artificial transcoelomic metastasis model using optical tweezers: A comparison with numerical simulation
Authors: Torres‐Saucedo Oscar Leonardo , Morales‐Cruzado Beatriz , Pérez‐Gutiérrez Francisco G. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractBackgroundOne of the reported pathways of cancer spread is the transcoelomic pathway, which is understood as the spread of cancer cells in the abdominal and thoracic cavities through interstitial fluid. It has been proven that the shear stresses caused by microfluidic currents on cancer tumors in the abdominal and thoracic cavities cause the detachment of cancer cells triggering transcoelomic metastasis; however, the magnitude of shear stresses has not yet been measured experimentally.ObjectivesThe objective of this study is to develop an experimental methodology using optical tweezers to approximate the shear stresses suffered by a nonporous, rigid artificial cancerous nodule model.MethodsArtificial cancerous nodule model was made by the agglomeration of 2 μm diameter polystyrene particles in a microfluidic platform. Optical tweezers were used as a velocimetry tool and shear stresses on the surface of the nodule model were approximated with the viscous shear stress equation. The results were verified with a numerical simulation performed in Ansys Fluent.ResultsShear stress originated by microflow over artificial cancerous nodule model were quantified both experimentally and numerically, showing good agreement between both methods. Such stress on the nodules' surface was much greater than that suffered by the wall on which the nodule model was located and dependent of the nodule model geometry. Although the experiment and simulation of this study were performed using a rigid and nonporous nodule model, the conclusion obtained about the increase of shear stresses applies to permeable, porous, and soft nodules as well, because the shear stresses are associated to the acceleration of the fluid originated by the reduction of the cross‐sectional area.ConclusionsShear stress over artificial nodule model were successfully quantified using optical tweezer‐based velocimetry technique and verified through numerical calculation. Advantages of experimental technique are: (1) it allows to control the position in a three‐dimensional plane, allowing measurements in the vicinity of the analyzed surfaces, and (2) it is applicable for very low Reynolds number (Re « 1). On the other hand, as disadvantages: (1) it tends to be complicated to perform velocity measurements over obstacles and (2) it is limited in trapping distance.