bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Observation of localized magnetic plasmon skyrmions
Authors: Deng Zi-Lan , Shi Tan , Krasnok Alex , Li Xiangping , Alù Andrea 
Published: January 2022

AbstractOptical skyrmions have recently been constructed by tailoring vectorial near-field distributions through the interference of multiple surface plasmon polaritons, offering promising features for advanced information processing, transport and storage. Here, we provide experimental demonstration of electromagnetic skyrmions based on magnetic localized spoof plasmons (LSP) showing large topological robustness against continuous deformations, without stringent external interference conditions. By directly measuring the spatial profile of all three vectorial magnetic fields, we reveal multiple π-twist target skyrmion configurations mapped to multi-resonant near-equidistant LSP eigenmodes. The real-space skyrmion topology is robust against deformations of the meta-structure, demonstrating flexible skyrmionic textures for arbitrary shapes. The observed magnetic LSP skyrmions pave the way to ultra-compact and robust plasmonic devices, such as flexible sensors, wearable electronics and ultra-compact antennas.
Photocontrolled multiple-state photochromic benzo[b]phosphole thieno[3,2-b]phosphole-containing alkynylgold(I) complex via selective light irradiation
Authors: Wu Nathan Man-Wai , Ng Maggie , Yam Vivian Wing-Wah 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPhotochromic materials have drawn growing attention because using light as a stimulus has been regarded as a convenient and environmental-friendly way to control properties of smart materials. While photoresponsive systems that are capable of showing multiple-state photochromism are attractive, the development of materials with such capabilities has remained a challenging task. Here we show that a benzo[b]phosphole thieno[3,2‑b]phosphole-containing alkynylgold(I) complex features multiple photoinduced color changes, in which the gold(I) metal center plays an important role in separating two photoactive units that leads to the suppression of intramolecular quenching processes of the excited states. More importantly, the exclusive photochemical reactivity of the thieno[3,2‑b]phosphole moiety of the gold(I) complex can be initiated upon photoirradiation of visible light. Stepwise photochromism of the gold(I) complex has been made possible, offering an effective strategy for the construction of multiple-state photochromic materials with multiple photocontrolled states to enhance the storage capacity of potential optical memory devices.
Proximity labeling identifies a repertoire of site-specific R-loop modulators
Authors: Yan Qingqing , Wulfridge Phillip , Doherty John , Fernandez-Luna Jose L. , Real Pedro J. , Tang Hsin-Yao , Sarma Kavitha 
Published: January 2022

AbstractR-loops are three-stranded nucleic acid structures that accumulate on chromatin in neurological diseases and cancers and contribute to genome instability. Using a proximity-dependent labeling system, we identified distinct classes of proteins that regulate R-loops in vivo through different mechanisms. We show that ATRX suppresses R-loops by interacting with RNAs and preventing R-loop formation. Our proteomics screen also discovered an unexpected enrichment for proteins containing zinc fingers and homeodomains. One of the most consistently enriched proteins was activity-dependent neuroprotective protein (ADNP), which is frequently mutated in ASD and causal in ADNP syndrome. We find that ADNP resolves R-loops in vitro and that it is necessary to suppress R-loops in vivo at its genomic targets. Furthermore, deletion of the ADNP homeodomain severely diminishes R-loop resolution activity in vitro, results in R-loop accumulation at ADNP targets, and compromises neuronal differentiation. Notably, patient-derived human induced pluripotent stem cells that contain an ADNP syndrome-causing mutation exhibit R-loop and CTCF accumulation at ADNP targets. Our findings point to a specific role for ADNP-mediated R-loop resolution in physiological and pathological neuronal function and, more broadly, to a role for zinc finger and homeodomain proteins in R-loop regulation, with important implications for developmental disorders and cancers.
A universal co-solvent dilution strategy enables facile and cost-effective fabrication of perovskite photovoltaics
Authors: Zhang Hong , Darabi Kasra , Nia Narges Yaghoobi , Krishna Anurag , Ahlawat Paramvir , Guo Boyu , Almalki Masaud Hassan S. , Su Tzu-Sen , Ren Dan , Bolnykh Viacheslav , Castriotta Luigi Angelo , Zendehdel Mahmoud , Pan Linfeng , Alonso Sandy Sanchez , Li Ruipeng , Zakeeruddin Shaik M. , Hagfeldt Anders , Rothlisberger Ursula , Di Carlo Aldo , Amassian Aram , Grätzel Michael 
Published: January 2022

AbstractCost management and toxic waste generation are two key issues that must be addressed before the commercialization of perovskite optoelectronic devices. We report a groundbreaking strategy for eco-friendly and cost-effective fabrication of highly efficient perovskite solar cells. This strategy involves the usage of a high volatility co-solvent, which dilutes perovskite precursors to a lower concentration (<0.5 M) while retaining similar film quality and device performance as a high concentration (>1.4 M) solution. More than 70% of toxic waste and material cost can be reduced. Mechanistic insights reveal ultra-rapid evaporation of the co-solvent together with beneficial alteration of the precursor colloidal chemistry upon dilution with co-solvent, which in-situ studies and theoretical simulations confirm. The co-solvent tuned precursor colloidal properties also contribute to the enhancement of the stability of precursor solution, which extends its processing window thus minimizing the waste. This strategy is universally successful across different perovskite compositions, and scales from small devices to large-scale modules using industrial spin-coating, potentially easing the lab-to-fab translation of perovskite technologies.
Magnetically brightened dark electron-phonon bound states in a van der Waals antiferromagnet
Authors: Ergeçen Emre , Ilyas Batyr , Mao Dan , Po Hoi Chun , Yilmaz Mehmet Burak , Kim Junghyun , Park Je-Geun , Senthil T. , Gedik Nuh 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn van der Waals (vdW) materials, strong coupling between different degrees of freedom can hybridize elementary excitations into bound states with mixed character1–3. Correctly identifying the nature and composition of these bound states is key to understanding their ground state properties and excitation spectra4,5. Here, we use ultrafast spectroscopy to reveal bound states of d-orbitals and phonons in 2D vdW antiferromagnet NiPS3. These bound states manifest themselves through equally spaced phonon replicas in frequency domain. These states are optically dark above the Néel temperature and become accessible with magnetic order. By launching this phonon and spectrally tracking its amplitude, we establish the electronic origin of bound states as localized d–d excitations. Our data directly yield electron-phonon coupling strength which exceeds the highest known value in 2D systems6. These results demonstrate NiPS3 as a platform to study strong interactions between spins, orbitals and lattice, and open pathways to coherent control of 2D magnets.
Integrating gene expression and clinical data to identify drug repurposing candidates for hyperlipidemia and hypertension
Authors: Wu Patrick , Feng QiPing , Kerchberger Vern Eric , Nelson Scott D. , Chen Qingxia , Li Bingshan , Edwards Todd L. , Cox Nancy J. , Phillips Elizabeth J. , Stein C. Michael , Roden Dan M. , Denny Joshua C. , Wei Wei-Qi 
Published: January 2022

AbstractDiscovering novel uses for existing drugs, through drug repurposing, can reduce the time, costs, and risk of failure associated with new drug development. However, prioritizing drug repurposing candidates for downstream studies remains challenging. Here, we present a high-throughput approach to identify and validate drug repurposing candidates. This approach integrates human gene expression, drug perturbation, and clinical data from publicly available resources. We apply this approach to find drug repurposing candidates for two diseases, hyperlipidemia and hypertension. We screen >21,000 compounds and replicate ten approved drugs. We also identify 25 (seven for hyperlipidemia, eighteen for hypertension) drugs approved for other indications with therapeutic effects on clinically relevant biomarkers. For five of these drugs, the therapeutic effects are replicated in the All of Us Research Program database. We anticipate our approach will enable researchers to integrate multiple publicly available datasets to identify high priority drug repurposing opportunities for human diseases.
DNA methylation aging and transcriptomic studies in horses
Authors: Horvath Steve , Haghani Amin , Peng Sichong , Hales Erin N. , Zoller Joseph A. , Raj Ken , Larison Brenda , Robeck Todd R. , Petersen Jessica L. , Bellone Rebecca R. , Finno Carrie J. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractCytosine methylation patterns have not yet been thoroughly studied in horses. Here, we profilen = 333 samples from 42 horse tissue types at loci that are highly conserved between mammalian species using a custom array (HorvathMammalMethylChip40). Using the blood and liver tissues from horses, we develop five epigenetic aging clocks: a multi-tissue clock, a blood clock, a liver clock and two dual-species clocks that apply to both horses and humans. In addition, using blood methylation data from three additional equid species (plains zebra, Grevy’s zebras and Somali asses), we develop another clock that applies across all equid species. Castration does not significantly impact the epigenetic aging rate of blood or liver samples from horses. Methylation and RNA data from the same tissues define the relationship between methylation and RNA expression across horse tissues. We expect that the multi-tissue atlas will become a valuable resource.
Dynamics and mechanism of dimer dissociation of photoreceptor UVR8
Authors: Li Xiankun , Liu Zheyun , Ren Haisheng , Kundu Mainak , Zhong Frank W. , Wang Lijuan , Gao Jiali , Zhong Dongping 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPhotoreceptors are a class of light-sensing proteins with critical biological functions. UVR8 is the only identified UV photoreceptor in plants and its dimer dissociation upon UV sensing activates UV-protective processes. However, the dissociation mechanism is still poorly understood. Here, by integrating extensive mutations, ultrafast spectroscopy, and computational calculations, we find that the funneled excitation energy in the interfacial tryptophan (Trp) pyramid center drives a directional Trp-Trp charge separation in 80 ps and produces a critical transient Trp anion, enabling its ultrafast charge neutralization with a nearby positive arginine residue in 17 ps to destroy a key salt bridge. A domino effect is then triggered to unzip the strong interfacial interactions, which is facilitated through flooding the interface by channel and interfacial water molecules. These detailed dynamics reveal a unique molecular mechanism of UV-induced dimer monomerization.
SYP72 interacts with the mechanosensitive channel MSL8 to protect pollen from hypoosmotic shock during hydration
Authors: Zhou Xuemei , Zheng Yifan , Wang Ling , Li Haiming , Guo Yingying , Li Mengdi , Sun Meng-xiang , Zhao Peng 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn flowering plants, hydration of desiccated pollen grains on stigma is a prerequisite for pollen germination, during which pollen increase markedly in volume through water uptake, requiring them to survive hypoosmotic shock to maintain cellular integrity. However, the mechanisms behind the adaptation of pollen to this hypoosmotic challenge are largely unknown. Here, we identify the Qc-SNARE protein SYP72, which is specifically expressed in male gametophytes, as a critical regulator of pollen survival upon hypoosmotic shock during hydration. SYP72 interacts with the MSCS-LIKE 8 (MSL8) and is required for its localization to the plasma membrane. Intraspecies and interspecies genetic complementation experiments reveal that SYP72 paralogs and orthologs from green algae to angiosperms display conserved molecular functions and rescue the defects of Arabidopsis syp72 mutant pollen facing hypoosmotic shock following hydration. Our findings demonstrate a critical role for SYP72 in pollen resistance to hypoosmotic shock through the MSL8 cascade during pollen hydration.
Mutations in Hcfc1 and Ronin result in an inborn error of cobalamin metabolism and ribosomopathy
Authors: Chern Tiffany , Achilleos Annita , Tong Xuefei , Hill Matthew C. , Saltzman Alexander B. , Reineke Lucas C. , Chaudhury Arindam , Dasgupta Swapan K. , Redhead Yushi , Watkins David , Neilson Joel R. , Thiagarajan Perumal , Green Jeremy B. A. , Malovannaya Anna , Martin James F. , Rosenblatt David S. , Poché Ross A. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractCombined methylmalonic acidemia and homocystinuria(cblC)is the most common inborn error of intracellular cobalamin metabolism and due to mutations inMethylmalonic Aciduria type C and Homocystinuria (MMACHC). Recently, mutations in the transcriptional regulatorsHCFC1andRONIN (THAP11)were shown to result in cellular phenocopies ofcblC. Since HCFC1/RONIN jointly regulateMMACHC, patients with mutations in these factors suffer from reducedMMACHCexpression and exhibit acblC-like disease. However, additional de-regulated genes and the resulting pathophysiology is unknown. Therefore, we have generated mouse models of this disease. In addition to exhibiting loss ofMmachc, metabolic perturbations, and developmental defects previously observed incblC, we uncovered reduced expression of target genes that encode ribosome protein subunits. We also identified specific phenotypes that we ascribe to deregulation of ribosome biogenesis impacting normal translation during development. These findings identify HCFC1/RONIN as transcriptional regulators of ribosome biogenesis during development and their mutation results in complex syndromes exhibiting aspects of bothcblCand ribosomopathies.
Flame retardant high-power Li-S flexible batteries enabled by bio-macromolecular binder integrating conformal fractions
Authors: Senthil Chenrayan , Kim Sun-Sik , Jung Hyun Young 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPolymer binders for sulfur cathodes play a very critical role as they prerequisites for an in-situ immobilization against polysulfide shuttle and volume change, while ensuring good adhesion within active materials for ion conduction along with robust mechanical and chemical stability. Here, we demonstrate anionic surface charge facilitated bio-polymer binder for sulfur cathodes enabling excellent performance and fire safety improvement. The aqueous-processable tragacanth gum-based binder is adjusted to house high sulfur loading over 12 mg cm−2 without compromising the sulfur utility and reversibility, imparting high accessibility for Li-ions to sulfur particles about 80%. The intrinsic rod and sphere-like saccharidic conformal fraction’s multifunctional polar units act as active channels to reach the sulfur particles. As a result, the binder entraps polysulfides with 46% improvement and restrains the volume changes within 16 % even at 4 C. Moreover, the flexible Li-S battery delivers a stack gravimetric energy density of 243 Wh kg–1, demonstrating high reactivity of sulfur along with good shape conformality, which would open an avenue for the potential development of the compact and flexible high-power device.
Fast and pervasive diagenetic isotope exchange in foraminifera tests is species-dependent
Authors: Cisneros-Lazaro Deyanira , Adams Arthur , Guo Jinming , Bernard Sylvain , Baumgartner Lukas P. , Daval Damien , Baronnet Alain , Grauby Olivier , Vennemann Torsten , Stolarski Jarosław , Escrig Stéphane , Meibom Anders 
Published: January 2022

AbstractOxygen isotope compositions of fossil foraminifera tests are commonly used proxies for ocean paleotemperatures, with reconstructions spanning the last 112 million years. However, the isotopic composition of these calcitic tests can be substantially altered during diagenesis without discernible textural changes. Here, we investigate fluid-mediated isotopic exchange in pristine tests of three modern benthic foraminifera species (Ammonia sp., Haynesina germanica, and Amphistegina lessonii) following immersion into an 18O-enriched artificial seawater at 90 °C for hours to days. Reacted tests remain texturally pristine but their bulk oxygen isotope compositions reveal rapid and species-dependent isotopic exchange with the water. NanoSIMS imaging reveals the 3-dimensional intra-test distributions of 18O-enrichment that correlates with test ultra-structure and associated organic matter. Image analysis is used to quantify species level differences in test ultrastructure, which explains the observed species-dependent rates of isotopic exchange. Consequently, even tests considered texturally pristine for paleo-climatic reconstruction purposes may have experienced substantial isotopic exchange; critical paleo-temperature record re-examination is warranted.
Contact-electro-catalysis for the degradation of organic pollutants using pristine dielectric powders
Authors: Wang Ziming , Berbille Andy , Feng Yawei , Li Site , Zhu Laipan , Tang Wei , Wang Zhong Lin 
Published: January 2022

AbstractMechanochemistry has been studied for some time, but research on the reactivity of charges exchanged by contact-electrification (CE) during mechanical stimulation remains scarce. Here, we demonstrate that electrons transferred during the CE between pristine dielectric powders and water can be utilized to directly catalyze reactions without the use of conventional catalysts. Specifically, frequent CE at Fluorinated Ethylene Propylene (FEP) - water interface induces electron-exchanges, thus forming reactive oxygen species for the degradation of an aqueous methyl orange solution. Contact-electro-catalysis, by conjunction of CE, mechanochemistry and catalysis, has been proposed as a general mechanism, which has been demonstrated to be effective for various dielectric materials, such as Teflon, Nylon-6,6 and rubber. This original catalytic principle not only expands the range of catalytic materials, but also enables us to envisage catalytic processes through mechano-induced contact-electrification.
How palladium inhibits CO poisoning during electrocatalytic formic acid oxidation and carbon dioxide reduction
Authors: Chen Xiaoting , Granda-Marulanda Laura P. , McCrum Ian T. , Koper Marc T. M. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractDevelopment of reversible and stable catalysts for the electrochemical reduction of CO2is of great interest. Here, we elucidate the atomistic details of how a palladium electrocatalyst inhibits CO poisoning during both formic acid oxidation to carbon dioxide and carbon dioxide reduction to formic acid. We compare results obtained with a platinum single-crystal electrode modified with and without a single monolayer of palladium. We combine (high-scan-rate) cyclic voltammetry with density functional theory to explain the absence of CO poisoning on the palladium-modified electrode. We show how the high formate coverage on the palladium-modified electrode protects the surface from poisoning during formic acid oxidation, and how the adsorption of CO precursor dictates the delayed poisoning during CO2reduction. The nature of the hydrogen adsorbed on the palladium-modified electrode is considerably different from platinum, supporting a model to explain the reversibility of this reaction. Our results help in designing catalysts for which CO poisoning needs to be avoided.
Half-Heusler-like compounds with wide continuous compositions and tunable p- to n-type semiconducting thermoelectrics
Authors: Dong Zirui , Luo Jun , Wang Chenyang , Jiang Ying , Tan Shihua , Zhang Yubo , Grin Yuri , Yu Zhiyang , Guo Kai , Zhang Jiye , Zhang Wenqing 
Published: January 2022

AbstractHalf-Heusler and full-Heusler compounds were considered as independent phases with a natural composition gap. Here we report the discovery of TiRu1+xSb (x = 0.15 ~ 1.0) solid solution with wide homogeneity range and tunable p- to n-type semiconducting thermoelectrics, which bridges the composition gap between half- and full-Heusler phases. At the high-Ru end, strange glass-like thermal transport behavior with unusually low lattice thermal conductivity (~1.65 Wm−1K−1 at 340 K) is observed for TiRu1.8Sb, being the lowest among reported half-Heusler phases. In the composition range of 0.15 < x < 0.50, TiRu1+xSb shows abnormal semiconducting behaviors because tunning Ru composition results in band structure change and carrier-type variation simultaneously, which seemingly correlates with the localized d electrons. This work reveals the possibility of designing fascinating half-Heusler-like materials by manipulating the tetrahedral site occupancy, and also demonstrates the potential of tuning crystal and electronic structures simultaneously to realize intriguing physical properties.
Hypocrates is a genetically encoded fluorescent biosensor for (pseudo)hypohalous acids and their derivatives
Authors: Kostyuk Alexander I. , Tossounian Maria-Armineh , Panova Anastasiya S. , Thauvin Marion , Raevskii Roman I. , Ezeriņa Daria , Wahni Khadija , Van Molle Inge , Sergeeva Anastasia D. , Vertommen Didier , Gorokhovatsky Andrey Yu. , Baranov Mikhail S. , Vriz Sophie , Messens Joris , Bilan Dmitry S. , Belousov Vsevolod V. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe lack of tools to monitor the dynamics of (pseudo)hypohalous acids in live cells and tissues hinders a better understanding of inflammatory processes. Here we present a fluorescent genetically encoded biosensor, Hypocrates, for the visualization of (pseudo)hypohalous acids and their derivatives. Hypocrates consists of a circularly permuted yellow fluorescent protein integrated into the structure of the transcription repressor NemR fromEscherichia coli. We show that Hypocrates is ratiometric, reversible, and responds to its analytes in the 106 M−1s−1range. Solving the Hypocrates X-ray structure provided insights into its sensing mechanism, allowing determination of the spatial organization in this circularly permuted fluorescent protein-based redox probe. We exemplify its applicability by imaging hypohalous stress in bacteria phagocytosed by primary neutrophils. Finally, we demonstrate that Hypocrates can be utilized in combination with HyPerRed for the simultaneous visualization of (pseudo)hypohalous acids and hydrogen peroxide dynamics in a zebrafish tail fin injury model.
Single cell transcriptomic landscape of diabetic foot ulcers
Authors: Theocharidis Georgios , Thomas Beena E. , Sarkar Debasree , Mumme Hope L. , Pilcher William J. R. , Dwivedi Bhakti , Sandoval-Schaefer Teresa , Sîrbulescu Ruxandra F. , Kafanas Antonios , Mezghani Ikram , Wang Peng , Lobao Antonio , Vlachos Ioannis S. , Dash Biraja , Hsia Henry C. , Horsley Valerie , Bhasin Swati S. , Veves Aristidis , Bhasin Manoj 
Published: January 2022

AbstractDiabetic foot ulceration (DFU) is a devastating complication of diabetes whose pathogenesis remains incompletely understood. Here, we profile 174,962 single cells from the foot, forearm, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells using single-cell RNA sequencing. Our analysis shows enrichment of a unique population of fibroblasts overexpressing MMP1, MMP3, MMP11, HIF1A, CHI3L1, and TNFAIP6 and increased M1 macrophage polarization in the DFU patients with healing wounds. Further, analysis of spatially separated samples from the same patient and spatial transcriptomics reveal preferential localization of these healing associated fibroblasts toward the wound bed as compared to the wound edge or unwounded skin. Spatial transcriptomics also validates our findings of higher abundance of M1 macrophages in healers and M2 macrophages in non-healers. Our analysis provides deep insights into the wound healing microenvironment, identifying cell types that could be critical in promoting DFU healing, and may inform novel therapeutic approaches for DFU treatment.