bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Stress-Induced Rock Damage on Elastic Symmetry: From Transverse Isotropy to Orthotropy
Authors: Olsen-Kettle Louise , Dautriat Jeremie , Sarout Joel 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn this article we explore the change in elastic symmetry and anisotropy of two geological materials with stress-induced damage. Two independent uniaxial deformation experiments on two layered and natural geomaterials, a shale and a sandstone, support this analysis. Both samples were loaded along their bedding planes at a constant strain rate up to mechanical failure. During deformation, an array of ultrasonic P- and S-wave transducers were employed to monitor the evolution of the ultrasonic velocities up to and beyond sample failure. We report here the impact on elastic symmetry and anisotropy of a uniaxial load applied parallel to the bedding plane of the transversely isotropic shale and sandstone samples. Based on symmetry considerations we analyse whether this load and the resulting stress-induced damage preserve the original transverse isotropy of the rock prior to loading, or lead to orthotropy (orthorhombic symmetry). Our results show that the two transverse isotropic samples retained their transverse isotropy in the initial stages of loading/damage. However for the more anisotropic shale sample the main failure mode was splitting of the bedding planes. In contrast the sandstone sample failed along a shear plane inclined to the bedding plane. In addition, the experimental data are further analysed using continuum damage mechanics to identify the evolution of the general fourth order anisotropic damage tensor during loading. We found that the highest damage variable of the damage tensor was $$D_{11}$$

D
11

for the shale and $$D_{55}$$

D
55

for the sandstone sample. The next highest damage variables for the shale sample were related to the bedding plane ($$x_2$$

x
2

–$$x_3$$

x
3

plane) symmetry: $$D_{23}, D_{32}, D_{44}$$

D
23

,

D
32

,

D
44

. However the damage variables obtained for the less anisotropic and more brittle sandstone sample were harder to interpret due to the mixed mode of fracturing present.
Scale-sensitive governance in forest and landscape restoration: a systematic review
Authors: Wiegant Daniel , van Oel Pieter , Dewulf Art 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Building on different bodies of the governance literature, we propose a conceptual framework specifying nine scale-sensitive governance arrangements that aim to (1) create cross-scale fit between the governance and ecological scales, and/or (2) foster cross-level alignment between different governance levels. To understand how scale-sensitive governance has played out in practice, our systematic review builds on 84 peer-reviewed empirical journal articles, which represent 84 cases of forest and landscape restoration governance. In the case studies, we identified eight out of nine scale-sensitive governance arrangements: moving tasks to other governance levels; task-specific organisations; polycentric governance; multilevel coordination; multilevel collaboration; multilevel learning; bridging organisations; and multilevel networks. These arrangements constitute important elements of the multilevel environmental governance landscape, and we analysed their role in promoting forest and landscape restoration. By using the proposed conceptual framework, a better understanding is created of how different scale-sensitive governance arrangements can support existing and future restoration efforts that are implemented as part of the UN Decade on Ecosystem Restoration.
AI-powered model repair: an experience report—lessons learned, challenges, and opportunities
Authors: Barriga Angela , Rutle Adrian , Heldal Rogardt 
Published: February 2022

AbstractArtificial intelligence has already proven to be a powerful tool to automate and improve how we deal with software development processes. The application of artificial intelligence to model-driven engineering projects is becoming more and more popular; however, within the model repair field, the use of this technique remains mostly an open challenge. In this paper, we explore some existing approaches in the field of AI-powered model repair. From the existing approaches in this field, we identify a series of challenges which the community needs to overcome. In addition, we present a number of research opportunities by taking inspiration from other fields which have successfully used artificial intelligence, such as code repair. Moreover, we discuss the connection between the existing approaches and the opportunities with the identified challenges. Finally, we present the outcomes of our experience of applying artificial intelligence to model repair.
The native and exotic prey community of two invasive paper wasps (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) in New Zealand as determined by DNA barcoding
Authors: Howse Matthew W. F. , McGruddy Rose A. , Felden Antoine , Baty James W. , Haywood John , Lester Philip J. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSocial wasps are invasive in many regions around the world. In their new communities, introduced predators such as these wasps may be beneficial as consumers of exotic pests, but they will also consume native species. Here, we examined the diet of the exotic European paper wasp (Polistes dominula) and the closely related congener, Polistes chinensis, in a region of New Zealand where they co-occur. DNA barcoding was used to analyse their diet. The diet of both wasp species was largely Lepidopteran but other orders such as Hemiptera, Diptera and Coleoptera were also represented. Our analysis showed substantial site-to-site variation in diet. The two wasps differed significantly in their prey, although these differences appear to be driven by taxa identified from a small number of DNA reads in a small number of samples. Native and introduced fauna were represented in the diets of both wasps and included important agricultural pests. Of the 92 prey taxa able to be identified to species level, 81 were identified as exotic or introduced to New Zealand. The remaining 11 were species native to New Zealand. However, our estimates suggest over 50% of the prey DNA in the wasp diet is derived from native species. These wasps are abundant in some coastal and urban habitats, where they are likely to consume pest species as well as native species of conservation importance. The ecosystem services or costs and benefits provided by these invasive species are likely to be contingent on the prey communities and habitats they occupy.
Coping Strategies and Psychological Maladjustment/Adjustment: A Meta-Analytic Approach with Children and Adolescents Exposed to Natural Disasters
Authors: Raccanello Daniela , Rocca Emmanuela , Barnaba Veronica , Vicentini Giada , Hall Rob , Brondino Margherita 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundFollowing disasters, children and adolescents can use coping strategies to feel better. A growing body of studies investigated the relation between them and maladjustment/adjustment, i.e., negative symptomatology/positive indicators of development. Yet, these constructs are studied separately.ObjectiveWe conducted two meta-analyses to examine the mean correlation between disaster-related coping strategies and indicators of maladjustment/adjustment following natural disasters in children and adolescents, considering the role of some moderators.MethodsWe used PsycINFO, PubMed, Eric, and Scopus databases to identify articles on natural disasters (filters: participants ≤ 18 years at the disaster, peer-review, English language). Inclusion required investigating the relation between at least one coping strategy and at least one indicator of maladjustment (e.g., post-traumatic stress disorder, depression) and/or adjustment (e.g., self-efficacy, emotion understanding), for a total of 26 studies (k = 64,n = 9692, for maladjustment;k = 37,n = 3504, for adjustment).ResultsThere were global positive significant correlations between coping strategies and negative symptomatology (rpooled = .23) for maladjustment, and positive indicators (rpooled = .17) for adjustment. Negative symptomatology positively correlated with escape (r = .19), social isolation (r = .15), submission (r = .64), and opposition (r = .16); positive indicators positively correlated with problem solving (r = .31), social support (r = .22), and submission (r = .30). We found a moderating role of age, disaster type, and continent for maladjustment.ConclusionsThe study presented an analysis of the coping strategies that can be effective for children and adolescents dealing with natural disasters.
Correct approximation of IEEE 754 floating-point arithmetic for program verification
Authors: Bagnara Roberto , Bagnara Abramo , Biselli Fabio , Chiari Michele , Gori Roberta 
Published: February 2022

AbstractVerification of programs using floating-point arithmetic is challenging on several accounts. One of the difficulties of reasoning about such programs is due to the peculiarities of floating-point arithmetic: rounding errors, infinities, non-numeric objects (NaNs), signed zeroes, denormal numbers, different rounding modes, etc. One possibility to reason about floating-point arithmetic is to model a program computation path by means of a set of ternary constraints of the form "Image missing"and use constraint propagation techniques to infer new information on the variables’ possible values. In this setting, we define and prove the correctness of algorithms to precisely bound the value of one of the variables x, y or z, starting from the bounds known for the other two. We do this for each of the operations and for each rounding mode defined by the IEEE 754 binary floating-point standard, even in the case the rounding mode in effect is only partially known. This is the first time that such so-called filtering algorithms are defined and their correctness is formally proved. This is an important slab for paving the way to formal verification of programs that use floating-point arithmetics.
Unveiling redox mechanism at the iron centers in the mechanochemically activated conversion of CO2 in the presence of olivine
Authors: Farina Valeria , Simula Maria Domenica , Taras Alessandro , Cappai Luca , Sougrati Moulay Tahar , Mulas Gabriele , Garroni Sebastiano , Enzo Stefano , Stievano Lorenzo 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe transformation of olivine during the conversion of CO2to light hydrocarbons activated by mechanochemical treatments at different impact frequencies was studied by a combination of several complementary characterization methods including X-ray diffraction, Raman and57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy. Several olivine samples were studied as a function of the milling time, indicating the gradual transformation of FeII-containing olivine into new FeIII-containing weathering products including iron oxides, magnesium iron carbonates and silicates. The results presented here complement those of a previous study on the weathering process of olivine promoted by mechanochemical activation, by demonstrating the role of the redox activity of the iron species during the activation process. These additional spectroscopic results allow us to thoroughly understand the complex weathering mechanism and to correlate it with the efficiency of the CO2conversion and storage properties of mechanochemically activated olivine.
Seismotectonic analysis of the Anker area, Kunene region north-western Namibia
Authors: Sitali M. , Manzunzu B. , Midzi V. , Shipena S. , Lushetile B. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Recently, a swarm of seismic events occurred within the Kunene region (NW of Namibia) with magnitude values going up to ML 4.6. Some of the events alarmed the Anker community and have become of national interest. In order to understand the source of this seismic activity, the Geological Survey of Namibia (GSN) and the Council for Geoscience (CGS) of South Africa installed a temporary network of 10 seismic stations in the Anker area to monitor seismicity for a period of 3 months from 20 June to 24 September 2018. More than 1600 microseismic events were recorded and located within the boundaries of the array, which was roughly 50 km × 50 km. The stations were installed in a 50 km × 50 km radius to have an accurate overlap of the network coverage and also by the spatial distribution of the known seismicity in the study area. The magnitude of the events ranged from ML − 1.1 to 3.6 and occurred at depths of less than 20 km. To improve the location of earthquakes, a new velocity model was developed using high-quality seismic dataset recorded by the temporary network. The seismic data was used to determine a minimum 1-D velocity model, which was used for the relocation of the earthquakes using the double difference method. The relocated solutions provided information to explain the seismotectonics of the region and establish the source of the current seismic swarm. Lineaments were mapped using magnetic data to identify the sources of the seismicity. Focal mechanism analysis of some of the events indicates the area is highly faulted with predominantly normal faulting.
Upgrade of recommended nuclear cross section data base for production of therapeutic radionuclides
Authors: Tárkányi F. , Hermanne A. , Ignatyuk A. V. , Takács S. , Capote R. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe IAEA Nuclear Data Section has coordinated several actions to setup and improve a database for recommended cross sections and nuclear decay data for various charged-particle reactions that can be used for medical radionuclide production. Some of the earlier evaluations did not provide uncertainties for the recommended cross sections. Updated evaluations with uncertainty quantification for 25 reactions relevant for production of 67Cu, 103Pd, 102mgRh, 114mIn, 125I, 169Yb, 177gLu, 186Re, 192Ir and 210,211At therapeutic radioisotopes are presented. Recommended cross-section data and their uncertainties for production of therapeutic radionuclides are available on the Web page of the IAEA Nuclear Data Section at https://nds.iaea.org/radionuclides and also at the IAEA medical portal ﻿https://nds.iaea.org/medportal.
Naturally occurring glucosinolates and isothiocyanates as a weapon against chronic pain: potentials and limits
Authors: Lucarini Elena , Micheli Laura , Di Cesare Mannelli Lorenzo , Ghelardini Carla 
Published: February 2022

AbstractInvestigation into glucosinolates (GLs) therapeutic effects boasts a long history, which began with the evidence that their hydrolysis-derived isothiocyanates (ITCs) could exert cytoprotective effects through the modulation of both the inflammatory response (NF-kB pathway) and the oxidative stress (Nrf2/ARE pathway), two processes largely involved in the pathogenesis of chronic pain syndromes. GLs and ITCs are also able to modulate the activity and the expression of several targets involved in pain regulation, like opioid receptors. Recently, ITCs turned out to be slow-H2S donors in vivo, able to directly modulate the activity of a subtype of KV7 potassium channels involved in the transmission of painful stimuli, providing a further incentive to their employment in pain management. Nevertheless, some controversies exist in the use of ITCs for pain relief considering their ability to positively modulate the activity of TRPA1 receptors. This review focuses on the preclinical and clinical evidence attesting the beneficial effects of GLs and their derivatives ITCs in chronic inflammatory and neuropathic conditions. In this context, the mechanisms underlying the ability of GLs and ITCs to modulate pain perception and, besides, to prevent the establishment of chronic pain will be described along with their pharmacokinetics and toxicological profile. Finally, other possible mechanisms hidden behind GLs efficacy on pain will be discussed.
Wavefunction realism does not ‘privilege position’
Authors: Schroeren David 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIt is common ground among proponents and detractors of wavefunction realism that the view ‘privileges position’, in the sense that it arbitrarily singles out one among a continuum infinity of wavefunction representations as characterizing the fundamental field: the position representation. This paper shows that, properly understood, wavefunction realism does not involve such an arbitrary choice. First, I argue that, though each wavefunction representation gives rise to a different version of wavefunction realism, the difference between these theories amounts to a mere haecceitistic difference. Second, I argue that wavefunction realists should reconceive of their view as a role-based thesis that is silent about the relevant haecceitistic differences.
Die professionelle pädagogische Beziehung zwischen Referendar*innen und ihren Seminarlehrkräften: Belastungsfaktor oder Ressource?
Authors: Kärner Tobias , Goller Michael , Bonnes Caroline , Maué Elisabeth 
Published: February 2022

ZusammenfassungDer Beitrag befasst sich mit der professionellen pädagogischen Beziehung zwischen Referendar*innen und ihren Seminarlehrkräften, deren Beitrag für die Beanspruchung der Referendar*innen bisher noch nicht eingängig untersucht wurde. Das Ziel der Studie ist es, anhand einer Querschnittserhebung von 2583 Referendar*innen und ausgebildeten Lehrkräften, kompensatorische sowie verstärkende Effekte der Beziehungsdimensionen Transparenz, Fairness, Vertrauen und Ambivalenz auf die wahrgenommene Beanspruchung im Referendariat zu untersuchen. Die Analyse erfolgt mittels eines latent moderierten Strukturgleichungsansatzes. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass Belastungen durch die Kerntätigkeiten im Referendariat sowie Belastungen durch den Umgang mit Kolleg*innen im Lehrer*innenkollegium in signifikant positivem Zusammenhang mit resultierenden Beanspruchungsreaktionen stehen. Je transparenter, fairer und vertrauensvoller und je weniger ambivalent die Beziehung zur Seminarlehrkraft erlebt wird, desto geringer fallen die Beanspruchungsreaktionen aus. Die Ergebnisse werden hinsichtlich ihrer Relevanz für die Beziehungsarbeit im Referendariat als zentralem Ausbildungsbestandteil der zweiten Phase der Lehrer*innenausbildung diskutiert.
Circular agri-food economies: business models and practices in the potato industry
Authors: Klein Oliver , Nier Stefan , Tamásy Christine 
Published: February 2022

AbstractCircular economies are an important pillar of sustainable production and consumption. This particularly applies to the agri-food industry, which is characterised by large amounts of organic waste and by-product streams posing a serious challenge for many food producers. Therefore, respective firms increasingly adopt circular economy business models (CEBMs) to manage these resource flows effectively. However, there is only little knowledge on the functioning of CEBMs in bio-based industries, especially from a socio-economic perspective. We address this gap by exploring enablers and motivations behind such business models as well as the institutional contexts they are embedded in. In methodological terms, we adopt a case study approach using the example of potato production in Lower Saxony (northwest Germany). The core of the paper is a qualitative in-depth analysis of four potato processors, adopting varying business models to valorise their by-product streams (e.g. peels, scraps, pulp) either ‘in-house’ or in partnerships with external partners. The findings show that the implementation of CEBMs results from a complex interplay of internal and external enablers, with economic considerations as the main impetus for the management of biological reverse cycles. Thereby, we found a shifting economic logic in the assessment of potato by-products from disposable waste to valuable resources for other sectors (e.g. livestock farming, bioenergy, biofuels). While being encouraged by targeted policies, the companies studied feel increasingly affected by emerging sustainability discourses, prompting them to (re)design and (re)frame their CEBMs in view of environmental and societal issues.
Growth factor receptor and β1 integrin signaling differentially regulate basal clonogenicity and radiation survival of fibroblasts via a modulation of cell cycling
Authors: Vehlow Anne , Cordes Nils 
Published: February 2022

AbstractCell adhesion to extracellular matrix proteins mediates resistance to radio- and chemotherapy by activating integrin signaling. In addition, mutual and cooperative interactions between integrin and growth factor receptor signaling contribute to the cellular radiation response. Here, we investigate to which extend the crosstalk between β1 integrins and growth factor receptor signaling determines the cellular radiation response of fibroblasts by assessing clonogenic survival and cell cycling. By utilizing growth factor signaling competent and either β1 integrin wildtype GD25β1A fibroblasts or β1 integrin mutant, signaling incompetent GD25β1B fibroblasts, we show basal clonogenic survival to depend on growth factor receptor but not integrin signaling. Our data further suggest the cooperation between β1 integrins and growth factor receptors to be critical for enhancing the radiation-induced G2/M cell cycle block leading to improved clonogenic radiation survival. By pharmacological inhibition of EGFR and PI3K, we additionally show that the essential contribution of EGFR signaling to radiogenic G2/M cell cycle arrest depends on the co-activation of the β1 integrin signaling axis, but occurs independent of PI3K. Taken together, elucidation of the signaling circuitry underlying the EGFR/β1 integrin crosstalk may support the development of advanced molecular targeted therapies for radiation oncology.
A Perspective on Thermally Sprayed Thermal Barrier Coatings: Current Status and Trends
Authors: Vaßen Robert , Bakan Emine , Mack Daniel Emil , Guillon Olivier 
Published: February 2022

AbstractFor more than 6 decades, thermal barrier coatings have been used to protect structural parts in both stationary and aviation gas turbines. These coatings allow the use of significant higher operation temperatures and hence increased efficiencies. In the 1970s, yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) was identified as outstanding material for this application. As major deposition technologies both electron beam physical vapor deposition (EB-PVD) and atmospheric plasma spraying (APS) have been established. Although the topic is already rather old, there are still frequent activities ongoing to further improve the technology, both with respect to materials and microstructural issues also regarding the use of advanced coating technologies, especially in the field of thermal spray. The paper tries to summarize major developments in both fields, the materials and the processing focusing on thermal spray methods. The impact of both materials and processing are summarized by the results of burner rig tests for various systems. Furthermore, a short outlook on possible future directions of developments will be given.
Part defects identification in selective laser melting via digital image processing of powder bed anomalies
Authors: Boschetto A. , Bottini L. , Vatanparast S. , Veniali F. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractDespite the potential of additive manufacturing and specifically of selective laser melting, several considerable barriers exist to widespread utilization, especially in specific industries that produce high-value components. Quality control and mechanical characterization remain the most expensive challenge. The quality and mechanical properties of the manufactured parts are influenced by potential defects; the characteristics of these defects, such as size, shape, location, and distribution, have shown to play key roles in mechanical properties. This work proposes a methodology for providing the identification of powder bed anomalies and consequent part defects through a synchronized analysis of the powder layers via digital image processing. This method can be used to study the critical defects formation during the layerwise process, providing important information about their location without the use of expensive or destructive measurements.