bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fishing activity before closure, during closure, and after reopening of the Northeast Canyons and Seamounts Marine National Monument
Authors: Lynham John 
Published: January 2022

AbstractEvaluation of the economic impacts of marine protected areas is hampered by the fact that it is impossible to observe what would have happened if the protected area had never been closed to fishing (the counterfactual). Catch reports and vessel tracks are used to perform an analysis of the potential negative economic impacts of establishing the Northeast Canyons and Seamounts Marine National Monument (located off the east coast of the United States of America) on three commercially important fisheries that were identified as having potential to be harmed. I conclude that there was little to no negative impact on any of the fisheries. I also test for, but find no evidence of, a Blue Paradox effect. Due to political factors largely unrelated to fisheries status, the protected area was reopened to commercial fishing on June 5th, 2020. I use this event, which was reversed sixteen months later, to test whether there were any economic benefits from reopening. I do not observe an increase in catch, a reduction in distance traveled, or an increase in relative fishing effort inside the protected area (compared to historical trends), consistent with the post-closure findings.
Prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region
Authors: Fan Guan , Jiang Zhiyuan , Li Jianling , Shi Liu , Gui Chun , Huang Rongjie 
Published: January 2022

AbstractHypertension (HTN) is getting more prevalent in China, but the HTN's status in Guangxi remains unclear. Our study started from 2013 to 2015 and was dedicated to better acknowledging the status of HTN in Guangxi. The study enrolled 17,100 residents aged ≥ 15 years across Guangxi, from 2013 to 2015, using a stratified multistage random sampling method. Parameters including blood pressure (BP), height, and weight were measured by validated devices. HTN was defined as the average systolic BP (SBP) ≥ 140 mm Hg and/or average diastolic BP (DBP) ≥ 90 mm Hg, or any usage of antihypertensive medications within two weeks. The awareness, treatment, and control were defined as a self-reported history of HTN, a self-reported current usage of antihypertensive medications, and a BP lower than 140/90 mm Hg, respectively. The age and sex-standardized prevalence, awareness, treatment, control rates of HTN for the population aged ≥ 15 years in Guangxi were 15.80%, 16.48%, 11.99%, 3.62%, respectively. Prevalence and control rates were the same for men and women (P > 0.05), while women’s awareness and treatment rates were higher than those of men (P < 0.05). Zhuang nationality had a higher prevalence than Han (23.50% vs. 20.35%, P < 0.001), while Han had higher awareness, treatment, control rates (37.39% vs. 31.22%, 30.59% vs. 22.37%, 8.99% vs. 4.55%, individually, P < 0.05). HTN was prevalent in Guangxi, while the awareness, treatment, control rates were adverse. Region-specific strategies to intervene in HTN were needed.
The impact of COVID-19 on pregnancy outcomes in a diverse cohort in England
Authors: Wilkinson Michael , Johnstone Edward D. , Simcox Louise E. , Myers Jenny E. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThere is conflicting evidence regarding the effect of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in pregnancy. Risk factors for COVID-19 overlap with risk factors for pregnancy complications. We aimed to assess the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection on pregnancy outcomes. A retrospective interrupted time-series and matched cohort analysis was performed. Singleton pregnancies completed between 1st January 2016 and 31st January 2021 were included. Trends in outcomes were analysed over time. Modelled COVID-19 transmission data were applied to deliveries since 1st January 2020 to assign a risk of COVID-19 to each pregnancy, and incorporated into a regression model of birthweight. Confirmed COVID-19 cases were matched to controls delivered in the pre-pandemic period, and maternal and neonatal outcomes compared. 43,802 pregnancies were included, with 8343 in the model of birthweight. There was no increase in the risk of stillbirth (p = 0.26) or neonatal death (p = 0.64) during the pandemic. There was no association between modelled COVID-19 attack rate (%) in any trimester and birthweight (first trimester p = 0.50, second p = 0.15, third p = 0.16). 214 COVID-positive women were matched to controls. Preterm birth was more common in symptomatic cases (14/62, 22.6%) compared to asymptomatic cases (9/109, 8.3%, p = 0.008) and controls (5/62, 8.1%, p = 0.025). Iatrogenic preterm birth was more common in cases (21/214, 9.8%) than controls (9/214, 4.2%, p = 0.02). All other examined outcomes were similar between groups. There was no significant impact of COVID-19 on the examined birth outcomes available. Symptomatic COVID-19 should be considered a risk factor for preterm birth, possibly due to an increase in iatrogenic deliveries for maternal indications.
Wide-angle broadband antireflection coatings based on boomerang-like alumina nanostructures in visible region
Authors: Omrani MirKazem , Malekmohammad Mohammad , Zabolian Hosein 
Published: January 2022

AbstractA novel boomerang-like alumina based antireflective coating with ultra-low reflectance has been produced for light incidence angles form 0 up to 45°. Boomerang-like alumina nanostructures have been fabricated on the BK7 glass substrates by dip-coating and surface modification via hot water treatment. To achieve the lowest residual reflectance, the effect of dip-coating rate and hot-water temperature in the treatment process has been investigated and optimized. To further investigate the boomerang-like alumina nanostructure and extract its graded refractive index profile by fitting the measured reflectance spectrum with the simulated one, a simulation based on the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method has been performed. The average reflectance measured at normal incidence for double-sided coated BK7 glass substrates is only 0.3% in the visible spectral region. Considering both sides, the average reflectance of the substrate decreased in the spectral range of 400–700 nm down to 0.4% at incidence angles of 45° by applying the boomerang-like alumina antireflection coatings. The optimized single layer boomerang-like alumina coating on the curved aspheric lens exhibited a low average reflectance of less than 0.14% and an average transmittance of above 99.3% at normal incidence. The presented process is a simple and cost-effective route towards broadband and omnidirectional antireflection coatings, which have promising potential to be applied on substrates having large scales with complex geometric shapes.
1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D deficiency is independently associated with cardiac valve calcification in patients with chronic kidney disease
Authors: Kim Il Young , Ye Byung Min , Kim Min Jeong , Kim Seo Rin , Lee Dong Won , Kim Hyo Jin , Rhee Harin , Song Sang Heon , Seong Eun Young , Lee Soo Bong 
Published: January 2022

AbstractCardiac valve calcification is highly prevalent in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Low vitamin D levels are associated with vascular calcification in CKD. However, the association between vitamin D levels and cardiac valve calcification is unknown. A total of 513 patients with pre-dialysis CKD were included in this cross-sectional study. Aortic valve calcification (AVC) and mitral valve calcification (MVC) were assessed using two-dimensional echocardiography. The associations between AVC and MVC and baseline variables were investigated using logistic regression analyses. In multivariable analysis, serum 1,25(OH)2D level was independently associated with AVC (odds ratio [OR], 0.87; P < 0.001) and MVC (OR, 0.92; P < 0.001). Additionally, age, diabetes, coronary heart disease, calcium × phosphate product, and intact parathyroid hormone levels were independently associated with AVC and MVC. Systolic blood pressure was independently associated with AVC. A receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that the best cutoff values of serum 1,25(OH)2D levels for predicting AVC and MVC were ≤ 12.5 and ≤ 11.9 pg/dl, respectively. Serum 1,25(OH)2D deficiency is independently associated with AVC and MVC in patients with CKD, suggesting that serum 1,25(OH)2D level may be a potential biomarker of AVC and MVC in these patients.
Construction of integrative transcriptome to boost systematic exploration of Bougainvillea
Authors: Luo Qi , Chen Ziliang , Xu Tingting , Huang Dangzheng , Hou Haitao , Hong Chenjie , Zhan Fulin , Guo Hangqi , Lin Zhe , Guo Xiaoling , Chen Liang , Ji Zhi-Liang 
Published: January 2022

AbstractMembers of the genus Bougainvillea are rich sources of natural dyes, pigments, and traditional medicines. They are also commonly used as ornamentals in roadside landscape construction. However, the horticultural development of Bougainvillea flowers with extended growth periods and coloration is not always feasible. One reason is limited molecular knowledge and no genomic information for Bougainvillea. Here, we compiled an integrative transcriptome of all expressed transcripts for Bougainvillea × buttiana Miss Manila by integrating 20 Illumina-sequencing RNA transcriptomes. The integrative transcriptome consisted of 97,623 distinct transcripts. Of these, 47,006 were protein-coding, 31,109 were non-coding, and 19,508 were unannotated. In addition, we affirmed that the integrative transcriptome could serve as a surrogate reference to the genome in aiding accurate transcriptome assembly. For convenience, we curated the integrative transcriptome database for Bougainvillea, namely InTransBo, which can be freely accessed at http://www.bio-add.org/InTransBo/index.jsp. To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the most comprehensive genomic resource for Bougainvillea up-to-date. The integrative transcriptome helps fill the genomic gap and elucidate the transcriptional nature of Bougainvillea. It may also advance progress in the precise regulation of flowering in horticulture. The same strategy can be readily applied toward the systematic exploration of other plant species lacking complete genomic information.
Co-occurring genomic alterations and immunotherapy efficacy in NSCLC
Authors: Zhang Fan , Wang Jinliang , Xu Yu , Cai Shangli , Li Tao , Wang Guoqiang , Li Chengcheng , Zhao Lei , Hu Yi 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAn oncogene-centric molecular classification paradigm in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has been established. Of note, the heterogeneity within each oncogenic driver-defined subgroup may be captured by co-occurring mutations, which potentially impact response/resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). We analyzed the data of 1745 NSCLCs and delineated the landscape of interaction effects of common co-mutations on ICI efficacy. Particularly in nonsquamous NSCLC, KRAS mutation remarkably interacted with its co-occurring mutations in TP53, STK11, PTPRD, RBM10, and ATM. Based on single mutation-based prediction models, adding interaction terms (referred to as inter-model) improved discriminative utilities in both training and validation sets. The scores of inter-models exhibited undifferentiated effectiveness regardless of tumor mutational burden and programmed death-ligand 1, and were identified as independent predictors for ICI benefit. Our work provides novel tools for patient selection and insights into NSCLC immunobiology, and highlights the advantage and necessity of considering interactions when developing prediction algorithms for cancer therapeutics.
An exopolysaccharide from Bacillus subtilis alleviates airway inflammatory responses via the NF-κB and STAT6 pathways in asthmatic mice
Authors: Zhang Lingxiu , Yi Huilan 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Bacillus subtilis is an intestinal probiotic for immune homeostasis and its exopolysaccharide (EPS) is known to possess anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. The underlying mechanisms are not yet fully understood. In the present study, we investigated the effects of the EPS (50, 100, 200 mg/kg) on airway inflammation in asthmatic mice. Our results showed that EPS treatment of asthmatic mice significantly alleviated pathological damage in the lungs, remarkably decreased the counts of total inflammatory cells including lymphocytes, and eosinophils in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and reduced indexes of oxidative damage. Moreover, the expression of type II T-helper cell (Th2) cytokines (interleukin- (IL)4 and -5) subsequent to EPS treatment was found to be dramatically down-regulated in a concentration-dependent manner. Additionally, the EPS treatment reduced JAK1, STAT6 and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) expression in the lungs of asthmatic mice. Taken together, these results suggest that the EPS from B. subtilis alleviates asthmatic airway inflammation, which involves the reduction in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the down-regulation of the STAT6 and NF-κB inflammatory pathways, which can further reduce Th2 cytokine expression and eosinophilic inflammation. Thus, our findings provide a potential mechanism through which the EPS mitigates asthma, suggesting that the EPS could be a potential source of an anti-asthmatic drug.
Perspectives on Support Material for Referrals to Cochlear Implantation Teams
Authors: Mashal Marjan , Au Agnes , Leigh Jaime , Távora-Vieira Dayse , Wedekind Andre , Pedley Karen , Swiderski Nina , Chester-Browne Ronel , Balke Caroline , Brew Jane , Arkcoll Anthea , Dahm Maria R. , Boisvert Isabelle 
Published: January 2022

Purpose:This study used a collaborative approach to explore the needs, barriers, and facilitators to developing cochlear implant referral information material that would be valuable for hard of hearing adults and referring audiologists.Method:During the development of a prototype referral aid to be used within the Australian context, a multistage qualitative study was conducted using a consultative process, informal and semistructured interviews, as well as online surveys. A deductive directed content analysis approach was applied to assess respondents' perspectives. A total of 106 participants (37 hard of hearing adults and 69 audiologists) were involved across the multiple phases of this study.Results:Referral practices for the evaluation of cochlear implantation candidacy in Australia are highly inconsistent, supporting the need to streamline referral information. The following facilitators were identified to support the development of referral material: appropriate content, perceived patient benefit, and objectivity. Areas for improvement related to the broadness of the content, impact on professional identity, and accessibility.Conclusions:Practical insight from patients and referrers can inform the development of patient-facing material related to cochlear implant referrals. Streamlining information used in educational material could alleviate confusion inherent to varied health literacy levels and support patients in making informed decisions related to pursuing, or not, cochlear implantation candidacy evaluation services.
Reinforcement learning cropping method based on comprehensive feature and aesthetics assessment
Authors: Zhang Yaqing , Li Xueming , Li Xuewei 
Published: January 2022

AbstractAutomatic image cropping can change the composition to improve the aesthetic quality of the images. Most of the existing automatic image cropping methods based on specific features need to generate a large number of candidate cropping windows. It is very time‐consuming and can only produce a limited aspect ratio results. In the face of these situations, a reinforcement learning cropping method based on comprehensive feature and aesthetics assessment is proposed. It does not need to produce a large number of candidate windows. Its gradually cropping mode is more in line with the process of image cropping by human. What is more, the proposed method takes the image aesthetic assessment into consideration. Experimental results show that the proposed method improves the cropping efficiency and achieves excellent cropping effect on the open Flickr Cropping Dataset and CUHK Image Cropping Dataset. The proposed method can overcome the shortages of existing methods.
Coronal magnetic field evolution over cycle 24
Authors: Chifu I. , Inhester B. , Wiegelmann T. 
Published: January 2022

Context. The photospheric magnetic field vector is continuously derived from measurements, while reconstruction of the three-dimensional (3D) coronal magnetic field requires modelling with photospheric measurements as a boundary condition. For decades, the cycle variation of the magnetic field in the photosphere has been investigated. Until now, there has been no study of the evolution of the coronal magnetic flux in the corona or of the evolution of solar cycle magnetic free energy.
Aims. The aim of this paper is to analyze the temporal variation of the magnetic field and free magnetic energy in the solar corona for solar cycle 24 and the behavior of the magnetic field in the two hemispheres. We want to investigate whether or not we can obtain better estimates of the magnetic field at Earth using the nonlinear force-free field extrapolation method.
Methods. To model the magnetic field over cycle 24 we apply the nonlinear force-free field (NLFFF) optimization method to the entire set of the synoptic vector magnetic maps derived from observations made using the Heliospheric and Magnetic Imager (HMI) on board Solar Dynamic Observatory (SDO).
Results. From our results, we find that during solar cycle 24, the maximum of the Sun’s dynamics is different than the sunspot number (SSN) maximum peak. The major contribution to the total unsigned flux is provided by the flux coming from the magnetic field structures other than sunspots (MSOS) within latitudes of −30° and +30°. The magnetic flux variation during solar cycle 24 shows a different evolution in the corona than in the photosphere. We find a correlation value of 0.8 between the derived magnetic energy from our model and the flare energy index derived from observations. On average, cycle 24 had a higher number of sunspots in the northern hemisphere (NH) but stronger flux in the southern hemisphere (SH) which could more effectively reach the higher layers of the atmosphere. The coupling between the hemispheres increases with height. The strongest asymmetries in the unsigned magnetic flux are between the two SSN peaks.
Ionised gas kinematics in MaNGA AGN
Authors: Deconto-Machado A. , Riffel R. A. , Ilha G. S. , Rembold S. B. , Storchi-Bergmann T. , Riffel R. , Schimoia J. S. , Schneider D. P. , Bizyaev D. , Feng S. , Wylezalek D. , da Costa L. N. , do Nascimento J. C. , Maia M. A. G. 
Published: January 2022

Context.Feedback from active galactic nuclei (AGNs) in general seems to play an important role in the evolution of galaxies, although the impact of AGN winds on their host galaxies is still unknown in the absence of a detailed analysis.Aims.We aim to analyse the kinematics of a sample of 170 AGN host galaxies as compared to those of a matched control sample of non-active galaxies from the MaNGA survey in order to characterise and estimate the extents of the narrow-line region (NLR) and of the kinematically disturbed region (KDR) by the AGN.Methods.We defined the observed NLR radius (rNLR, o) as the farthest distance from the nucleus within which both [O III]/Hβand [N II]/Hαratios fall in the AGN region of the BPT diagram, and the Hαequivalent width was required to be larger than 3.0 Å. The extent of the KDR (rKDR, o) is defined as the distance from the nucleus within which the AGN host galaxies show a more disturbed gas kinematics than the control galaxies.Results.The AGN [O III]λ5007 luminosity ranges from 1039to 1041erg s−1, and the kinematics derived from the [O III] line profiles reveal that, on average, the most luminous AGNs (L[O III] > 3.8 × 1040erg s−1) possess higher residual differences between the gaseous and stellar velocities and velocitie dispersions than their control galaxies in all the radial bins. Spatially resolved NLRs and KDRs were found in 55 and 46 AGN host galaxies, with corrected radii 0.2 < rKDR, c < 2.3 kpc and 0.4 < rNLR, c < 10.1 kpc and a relation between the two given by logrKDR, c = (0.53 ± 0.12) logrNLR, c + (1.07 ± 0.22), respectively. On average, the extension of the KDR corresponds to about 30% of that of the NLR. Assuming that the KDR is due to an AGN outflow, we have estimated ionised gas mass outflow rates that range between 10−5and ∼1M⊙yr−1, and kinetic powers that range from 1034to 1040erg s−1.Conclusions.Comparing the power of the AGN ionised outflows with the AGN luminosities, they are always below the 0.05LAGNmodel threshold for having an important feedback effect on their respective host galaxies. The mass outflow rates (and power) of our AGN sample correlate with their luminosities, populating the lowest AGN luminosity range of the correlations previously found for more powerful sources.
CaRM: Exploring the chromatic Rossiter-McLaughlin effect
Authors: Cristo E. , Santos N. C. , Demangeon O. , Martins J. H. C. , Figueira P. , Casasayas-Barris N. , Zapatero Osorio M. R. , Borsa F. , Sousa S. G. , Oshagh M. , Micela G. , Tabernero H. M. , Seidel J. V. , Cristiani S. , Pepe F. , Rebolo R. , Adibekyan V. , Allart R. , Alibert Y. , Azevedo Silva T. , Bourrier V. , Cabral A. , Esparza-Borges E. , González Hernández J. I. , Lillo-Box J. , Lo Curto G. , Lovis C. , Manescau A. , Di Marcantonio P. , Martins C. J. A. P. , Mégevand D. , Mehner A. , Nunes N. J. , Palle E. , Sozzetti A. , Suárez Mascareño A. , Udry S. 
Published: January 2022

Aims.In this paper we introduceCaRM, a semi-automatic code for the retrieval of broadband transmission spectra of transiting planets through the chromatic Rossiter-McLaughlin method. We applied it to HARPS and ESPRESSO observations of two exoplanets to retrieve the transmission spectrum and we analyze its fitting transmission models.Methods.We used the strong radius dependence of the Rossiter-McLaughlin (RM) effect amplitude, caused by planetary companions, to measure the apparent radius change caused by the exoplanet atmosphere. In order to retrieve the transmission spectrum, the radial velocities, which were computed over wavelength bins that encompass several spectral orders, were used to simultaneously fit the Keplerian motion and the RM effect. From this, the radius ratio was computed as a function of the wavelength, which allows one to retrieve the low-resolution broadband transmission spectrum of a given exoplanet.CaRMoffers the possibility to use two Rossiter-McLaughlin models taken fromARoMEandPyAstronomy, associated with a Keplerian function to fit radial velocities during transit observations automatically. Furthermore it offers the possibility to use some methods that could, in theory, mitigate the effect of perturbation in the radial velocities during transits.Results.We appliedCaRMto recover the transmission spectrum of HD 189733b and WASP-127b, with HARPS and ESPRESSO data, respectively. Our results for HD 189733b suggest that the blue part of the spectrum is dominated by Rayleigh scattering, which is compatible with former studies. The analysis of WASP-127b shows a flat transmission spectrum.Conclusions.TheCaRMcode allows one to retrieve the transmission spectrum of a given exoplanet using minimal user interaction. We demonstrate that it allows one to compute the low-resolution broadband transmission spectra of exoplanets observed using high-resolution spectrographs such as HARPS and ESPRESSO.