bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of Sarcoidosis-Associated Pulmonary Hypertension: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Zhang Shijie , Tong Xiang , Zhang Tianli , Wang Dongguang , Liu Sitong , Wang Lian , Fan Hong 
Published: January 2022

BackgroundSarcoidosis-associated pulmonary hypertension (SAPH) is associated with poor prognosis, conferring up to a 10-fold increase in mortality in patients with sarcoidosis, but the actual prevalence of SAPH is unknown.MethodsThe PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were systematically searched for epidemiological studies reporting the prevalence of SAPH up to July 2021. Two reviewers independently performed the study selection, data extraction, and quality assessment. Studies were pooled using random-effects meta-analysis.ResultsThis meta-analysis included 25 high-quality studies from 12 countries, with a pooled sample of 632,368 patients with sarcoidosis. The prevalence of SAPH by transthoracic echocardiography in Europe, the United States and Asia was 18.8% [95% confidence interval (CI): 11.1–26.5%], 13.9% (95% CI: 5.4–22.4%) and 16.2% (95% CI: 7.1–25.4%) separately, and the overall pooled prevalence was 16.4% (95%CI: 12.2–20.5%). By right heart catheterization (RHC), the pooled prevalence of SAPH was 6.4% (95% CI: 3.6–9.1%) in general sarcoidosis population, and subgroup analyses showed that the prevalence of SAPH was 6.7% (95% CI: 2.4–11.0%) in Europe and 8.6% (95% CI: −4.1 to 21.3%) in the United States. Further, the prevalence of pre-capillary PH was 6.5% (95% CI: 2.9–10.2%). For the population with advanced sarcoidosis, the pooled prevalence of SAPH and pre-capillary PH by RHC was as high as 62.3% (95% CI: 46.9–77.6%) and 55.9% (95% CI: 20.1–91.7%), respectively. Finally, the pooled prevalence of SAPH in large databases with documented diagnoses (6.1%, 95% CI: 2.6–9.5%) was similar to that of RHC. Substantial heterogeneity across studies was observed for all analyses (I2 &gt; 80%, P &lt; 0.001).ConclusionsThe sarcoidosis population has a relatively low burden of PH, mainly pre-capillary PH. However, as the disease progresses to advanced sarcoidosis, the prevalence of SAPH increases significantly.
Impacts of Changbai Mountain Topography on the Extreme Precipitation From Super Typhoon Maysak
Authors: Zhu Dan , Zhi Xiefei , Wang Ning , Chen Changsheng , Tian Xiao , Yu Yueming 
Published: January 2022

Based on hourly gridded precipitation data (0.1°) calculated by the China Meteorological Administration (CMA), the European Centre Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) reanalysis data, and microwave measurements, this paper investigated the extreme precipitation induced by the Typhoon Maysak in Northeast China (September 2020), using the Advanced Research dynamic core of the Weather Research and Forecasting Model (WRF-ARW). The study focused on Changbai Mountain topography and the extreme precipitation in Jilin Province. The results show that two extreme precipitation centers corresponded well to the local terrain height in Jilin Province. The Changbai Mountain range, which mainly lies in southeastern Jilin Province, affected the typhoon in three aspects: blocking drag, forcing uplift, and promoting moisture convergence. Because of the blocking drag of the mountain topography, the duration of severe precipitation was prolonged. The overlap of the area affected by the peripheral cloud band of the typhoon and the direction of the typhoon was largely responsible for the extreme rainfall. The dynamic lifting by the mountainous terrain and the reinforced moisture convergence also considerably increased precipitation. Microwave measurements show that water vapor density profile increased rapidly at the peak (14 g/m3), and the high moisture density was retained for at least 15 h in the lower layer. The prolonged, continuous, and abundant moisture transport offered a sufficient water vapor supply for this severe precipitation event. According to the estimation of precipitation rate, the increment of torrential rainfall on Changbai Mountain during the severe precipitation period reached 6.8 mm/h, about 41% of the total rainfall in this period. Finally, the topographic sensitivity test indicated that when the terrain of Changbai Mountain was lower, the convergent ascending motion, precipitable water, and storm-relative helicity were weaker, and the rainfall distribution markedly changed. This finding further verifies the importance of the Changbai orography in the extreme precipitation event induced by Typhoon Maysak.
The Relationship Between Plasma Tetrahydrocannabinol Levels and Intraocular Pressure in Healthy Adult Subjects
Authors: Mosaed Sameh , Smith Andrew K. , Liu John H. K. , Minckler Donald S. , Fitzgerald Robert L. , Grelotti David , Sones Emily , Weinreb Robert N. , Marcotte Thomas D. 
Published: January 2022

BackgroundΔ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) has been shown to decreased intraocular pressure (IOP). This project aims to define the relationship between plasma THC levels and IOP in healthy adult subjects.MethodsEleven healthy subjects received a single dose of inhaled cannabis that was self-administered in negative pressure rooms. Measurements of IOP and plasma THC levels were taken at baseline and every 30 min for 1 h and afterwards every hour for 4 h. IOP reduction and percent change in IOP over time were calculated. Linear regression models were used to measure the relationship between IOP and plasma THC levels. Two line linear regression models with F-tests were used to detect change points in the regression. Then, Pearson correlations were computed based on the change point.ResultsTwenty-two eyes met inclusion criteria. The average peak percentage decrease in IOP was 16% at 60 min. Percent IOP reduction as well as total IOP reduction demonstrated a negative correlation with THC plasma levels showing r-values of −0.81 and −0.70, respectively. F-tests revealed a change point in the regression for plasma levels &gt;20 ng/ml. For levels &gt;20 ng/ml, the correlation coefficients changed significantly with r-values of 0.21 and 0.29 (p &lt; 0.01).ConclusionPlasma THC levels are significantly correlated with IOP reduction up to plasma levels of 20 ng/ml. Plasma levels &gt;20 ng/ml were not correlated with further decrease in IOP. More research is needed to determine the efficacy of THC in reducing IOP for eyes with ocular hypertension and glaucoma.
Spatiotemporal Analysis of the Prevalence and Pattern of Multimorbidity in Older Chinese Adults
Authors: Chen Shimin , Wang Shengshu , Jia Wangping , Han Ke , Song Yang , Liu Shaohua , Li Xuehang , Liu Miao , He Yao 
Published: January 2022

BackgroundMultimorbidity presents an enormous problem to societal and healthcare utilization under the context of aging population in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Currently, systematic studies on the profile of multimorbidity and its characteristics among Chinese elderly are lacking. We described the temporal and spatial trends in the prevalence of multimorbidity and explored chronological changes of comorbidity patterns in a large elderly population survey.MethodsData were extracted from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Study (CLHLS) conducted between 1998 and 2018 in a random selection of half of the counties and city districts. All the elderly aged 65 and older were included in the survey of eight waves. We used 13 investigated chronic diseases to measure the prevalence of multimorbidity by means of geography, subpopulation, and chronological changes. The patterns of multimorbidity were assessed by computing the value of relative risk (RR indicates the likelihood of certain diseases to be associated with multimorbidity) and the observed-to-expected ratio (O/E indicates the likelihood of the coexistence of a multimorbidity combination).ResultsFrom 1998 to 2018, the prevalence of multimorbidity went from 15.60 to 30.76%, increasing in the fluctuation across the survey of eight waves (pfor trend = 0.020). Increasing trends were observed similarly in a different gender group (pmale = 0.009; pfemale = 0.004) and age groups among female participants (p~80 = 0.009; p81−90 = 0.004; p91−100 = 0.035; p101~ = 0.018). The gap in the prevalence of multimorbidity between the north and the south was getting narrow across the survey of eight waves. Hypertension was the highest prevalent chronic condition while diabetes was most likely to coexist with other chronic conditions in the CLHLS survey. The most frequently occurring clusters were hypertension and heart disease, hypertension and cataract, and hypertension and chronic lung disease. And, the cancer, TB, and Parkinson's disease cluster took the domination of O/E rankings over time, which had a higher probability of coexistence in all the multimorbidity combinations.ConclusionsThe prevalence of multimorbidity has been increasing nationwide, and more attention should be paid to a rapid growth in the southern part of China. It demands the effective diagnosis and treatment adopted to the highly prevalent comorbidities, and strategies and measures were adjusted to strongly relevant clusters.
Non-Coding RNAs Regulate the Resistance to Anti-EGFR Therapy in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Chu Jinjin , Fang Xianzhu , Sun Zhonghou , Gai Linlin , Dai Wenqing , Li Haibo , Yan Xinyi , Du Jinke , Zhang Lili , Zhao Lu , Xu Donghua , Yan Shushan 
Published: January 2022

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third prevalent cancer worldwide, the morbidity and mortality of which have been increasing in recent years. As molecular targeting agents, anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) monoclonal antibodies (McAbs) have significantly increased the progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) of metastatic CRC (mCRC) patients. Nevertheless, most patients are eventually resistant to anti-EGFR McAbs. With the intensive study of the mechanism of anti-EGFR drug resistance, a variety of biomarkers and pathways have been found to participate in CRC resistance to anti-EGFR therapy. More and more studies have implicated non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) primarily including microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), are widely involved in tumorigenesis and tumor progression. They function as essential regulators controlling the expression and function of oncogenes. Increasing data have shown ncRNAs affect the resistance of molecular targeted drugs in CRC including anti-EGFR McAbs. In this paper, we have reviewed the advance in mechanisms of ncRNAs in regulating anti-EGFR McAbs therapy resistance in CRC. It provides insight into exploring ncRNAs as new molecular targets and prognostic markers for CRC.
GPX7 Is Targeted by miR-29b and GPX7 Knockdown Enhances Ferroptosis Induced by Erastin in Glioma
Authors: Zhou Yan , Wu Haiyang , Wang Fanchen , Xu Lixia , Yan Yan , Tong Xiaoguang , Yan Hua 
Published: January 2022

BackgroundGlioma is a lethal primary tumor of central nervous system. Ferroptosis is a newly identified form of necrotic cell death. Triggering ferroptosis has shown potential to eliminate aggressive tumors. GPX7, a member of glutathione peroxidase family (GPXs), has been described to participate in oxidative stress and tumorigenesis. However, the biological functions of GPX7 in glioma are still unknown.MethodsBioinformatics method was used to assess the prognostic role of GPX7 in glioma. CCK8, wound healing, transwell and cell apoptosis assays were performed to explore the functions of GPX7 in glioma cells. In vivo experiment was also conducted to confirm in vitro findings. Ferroptosis-related assays were carried out to investigate the association between GPX7 and ferroptosis in glioma.ResultsGPX7 was aberrantly expressed in glioma and higher expression of GPX7 was correlated with adverse outcomes. GPX7 silencing enhanced ferroptosis-related oxidative stress in glioma cells and the loss of GXP7 sensitized glioma to ferroptosis induced by erastin. Furthermore, we found that miR-29b directly suppressed GPX7 expression post-transcriptionally. Reconstitution of miR-29b enhanced erastin sensitivity, partly via GPX7 suppression.ConclusionsOur study clarified the prognostic role of GPX7 in glioma and preliminarily revealed the role of GPX7 in ferroptosis, which may be conducive to the exploration of therapeutic targets of glioma.
Inflammatory Cytokines and Risk of Ischemic Stroke: A Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Li Yalan , Lu Jun , Wang Jie , Deng Peizhi , Meng Changjiang , Tang Haibo 
Published: January 2022

Background: Observational studies have revealed the association between some inflammatory cytokines and the occurrence of ischemic stroke, but the causal relationships remain unclear.Methods: We conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to assess the causal effects of thirty inflammatory cytokines and the risk of ischemic stroke. For exposure data, we collected genetic variants associated with inflammatory cytokines as instrumental variables (IVs) from a genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analysis from Finland (sample size up to 8,293). For the outcome data, we collected summary data of ischemic stroke from a large-scale GWAS meta-analysis involved 17 studies (34,217 cases and 406,111 controls). We further performed a series of sensitivity analyses as validation of primary MR results.Results: According to the primary MR estimations and further sensitivity analyses, we established one robust association after Bonferroni correction: the odds ratio (95% CI) per unit change in genetically increased IL-4 was 0.84 (0.89–0.95) for ischemic stroke. The chemokine MCP3 showed a nominally significant association with ischemic stroke risk (OR: 0.93, 95% CI: 0.88–0.99, unadjusted p &lt; 0.05). There was no evidence of a causal effect of other inflammatory cytokines and the risk of ischemic stroke.Conclusions: Our study suggested that genetically increased IL-4 levels showed a protective effect on the risk of ischemic stroke, which provides important new insights into the potential therapeutic target for preventing ischemic stroke.
Aspirin Attenuates Hyperoxia-Induced Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) by Suppressing Pulmonary Inflammation via the NF-κB Signaling Pathway
Authors: Tung Yu-Tang , Wei Chi-Hsuan , Yen Chih-Ching , Lee Po-Ying , Ware Lorraine B. , Huang Hao-En , Chen Wei , Chen Chuan-Mu 
Published: January 2022

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a common destructive syndrome with high morbidity and mortality rates. Currently, few effective therapeutic interventions for ARDS are available. Clinical trials have shown that the effectiveness of aspirin is inconsistent. The contribution of platelets to the inflammatory response leading to the development of ARDS is increasingly recognized. The antiplatelet agent aspirin reportedly exerts a protective effect on acid- and hyperoxia-induced lung injury in murine models. Our previous study showed that pretreatment with aspirin exerts protective effects on hyperoxia-induced lung injury in mice. However, the mechanisms and therapeutic efficacy of aspirin in the posttreatment of hyperoxia-induced acute lung injury (ALI) remain unclear. In this study, we used a homozygous NF-κB-luciferase+/+ transgenic mouse model and treated mice with low-dose (25 μg/g) or high-dose (50 μg/g) aspirin at 0, 24, and 48 h after exposure to hyperoxia (inspired oxygen fraction (FiO2) &gt; 95%). Hyperoxia-induced lung injury significantly increased the activation of NF-κB in the lung and increased the levels of macrophages infiltrating the lung and reactive oxygen species (ROS), increased the HO-1, NF-κB, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-4 protein levels, and reduced the CC10, SPC, eNOS, Nrp-1, and IκBα protein levels in the lung tissue. Pulmonary edema and alveolar infiltration of neutrophils were also observed in the lung tissue of mice exposed to hyperoxia. However, in vivo imaging revealed that posttreatment with aspirin reduced luciferase expression, suggesting that aspirin might reduce NF-κB activation. Posttreatment with aspirin also reduced hyperoxia-induced increases in the numbers of lung macrophages, intracellular ROS levels, and the expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-4; it also increased CC10, SPC and Nrp-1 levels compared with hyperoxia exposure alone. Lung histopathology also indicated that the aspirin posttreatment significantly reduced neutrophil infiltration and lung edema compared with hyperoxia exposure alone. Aspirin effectively induces an anti-inflammatory response in a model of hyperoxia-induced lung injury. Thus, aspirin may have potential as a novel treatment for hyperoxia-induced ALI.
Red Yeast Rice for Hyperlipidemia: A Meta-Analysis of 15 High-Quality Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Li Pengfan , Wang Qi , Chen Kanjun , Zou Shihui , Shu Shi , Lu Chanchan , Wang Shiyun , Jiang Yunqin , Fan Chunxiang , Luo Yue 
Published: January 2022

Background: RYR is a commonly used lipid-lowering dietary supplements in Asian and European countries, showing considerable benefits and low toxicity. This quantitative study aims to present high-quality evidence regarding the efficacy and safety of RYR in treating hyperlipidemia, in order to promote its clinical application.Methods: PubMed, embase, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases were systematically searched, and high-quality randomized controlled trials comparing RYR with non-RYR interventions were included. RevMan5.3 software was used to conduct the meta-analysis.Results: A total of 1,012 individuals participated in this study (481 in the experimental and 531 in the control group). In comparison to statins, RYR was more effective in lowering TG (MD, −19.90; 95% CI, −32.22 to −7.58; p = 0.002), comparable in lowering LDL-C and elevating HDL-C, and less effective in lowering TC (MD, 12.24; 95% CI, 2.19 to 22.29; p = 0.02). Compared with nutraceutical, RYR significantly reduced TC (MD, −17.80; 95% CI, −27.12 to −8.48; p = 0.0002) and LDL-C (MD, −14.40; 95% CI, −22.71 to −6.09; p = 0.0007), and elevated HDL-C (MD, 7.60; 95% CI, 4.33 to 10.87; p &lt; 0.00001). Moreover, RYR effectively synergized nutraceutical to further reduce TC (MD, −31.10; 95% CI, −38.83 to −23.36; p &lt; 0.00001), LDL-C (MD, −27.91; 95% CI, −36.58 to −19.24; p &lt; 0.00001), and TG (MD, −26.32; 95% CI, −34.05 to −18.59; p &lt; 0.00001). Additionally, RYR significantly reduced apoB (MD, −27.98; 95% CI, −35.51 to −20.45; p &lt; 0.00001) and, whether alone or in combination, did not increase the risk of adverse events in patients with hyperlipidemia.Conclusion: RYR at 200–4800 mg daily appears to be a safe and effective treatment for hyperlipidemia, effectively regulating blood lipid levels with an exceptional impact on TG. Looking forward, high-quality clinical trials with longer observation periods are required to evaluate the efficacy and safety of RYR as a long-term medication.Systematic Review Registration: (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/), identifier (CRD4202128450).
ICD-11 Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Complex PTSD Among Hospital Medical Workers in China: Impacts of Wenchuan Earthquake Exposure, Workplaces, and Sociodemographic Factors
Authors: Li Sijian , Guo Chunlan , Chan Sunshine S. S. 
Published: January 2022

BackgroundPrevious studies address posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) following disasters as a public health issue. However, few studies investigate the long-term effect of disaster exposure on PTSD among hospital medical workers (HMWs).ObjectivesThis study aimed to study the prevalence of ICD-11 PTSD and complex PTSD (CPTSD) among exposed and non-exposed HMWs 11 years after the Wenchuan earthquake in China, to identify the factors associated with PTSD and CPTSD scores, and to examine the factor structures of PTSD and CPTSD models.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted using a self-administered online questionnaire. Two thousand fifty-nine valid samples were collected from four hospitals in 2019. Descriptive statistical analysis, multivariate regression models, and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were performed.ResultsThe prevalence of PTSD and CPTSD was 0.58 and 0.34%, respectively. The unexposed group reported higher PTSD and CPTSD scores than the exposed group. The type of workplace and marital status were significantly associated with the PTSD and CPTSD scores of HMWs. The CFA results indicate that both the correlated first-order model and the correlated two-layer model were a good fit to explain the structure of PTSD and CPTSD.ConclusionThese findings suggest that few HMWs who were exposed to the Wenchuan earthquake suffered from PTSD or CPTSD 11 years following the disaster. However, psychological support was still necessary for all HMWs, especially for unmarried HMWs who were Working in smaller hospitals. Further research is required to analyze mental health status using ICD-11 PTSD and CPTSD to provide ongoing evidence to help HWMs cope effectively with the challenges of future disasters.
Reducing Inequities During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Rapid Review and Synthesis of Public Health Recommendations
Authors: Brown Chloe , Wilkins Katie , Craig-Neil Amy , Upshaw Tara , Pinto Andrew David 
Published: January 2022

Objectives: Efforts to contain the COVID-19 pandemic should take into account worsening health inequities. While many public health experts have commented on inequities, no analysis has yet synthesized recommendations into a guideline for practitioners. The objective of this rapid review was to identify the areas of greatest concern and synthesize recommendations.Methods: We conducted a rapid systematic review (PROSPERO: CRD42020178131). We searched Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases from December 1, 2019 to April 27, 2020. We included English language peer-reviewed commentaries, editorials, and opinion pieces that addressed the social determinants of health in the context of COVID-19.Results: 338 articles met our criteria. Authors represented 81 countries. Income, housing, mental health, age and occupation were the most discussed social determinants of health. We categorized recommendations into primordial, primary, secondary and tertiary prevention that spoke to the social determinants of COVID-19 and equity.Conclusion: These recommendations can assist efforts to contain COVID-19 and reduce health inequities during the pandemic. Using these recommendations, public health practitioners could support a more equitable pandemic response.Systematic Review Registration: PROSPERO, CRD42020178131.
DEFORMATIONS OF A LATTICE GIRDER WITH AN ARBITRARY NUMBER OF PANELS
Authors: Кирсанов М. Н. 
Published: January 2022

Предлагается схема статически определимой балочной фермы регулярного типа с криволинейным верхним поясом. Для трех видов нагрузки методом индукции по числу панелей в системе компьютерной математики Maple находится зависимость прогиба середины пролета фермы от величины нагрузки, размеров и числа панелей. Прогиб середины пролета и горизонтальный сдвиг подвижной опоры находятся в аналитической форме по формуле Максвелла - Мора. Показано, что при определенном числе панелей система становится геометрически изменяемой. Приводятся диаграмма распределения усилий по стержням конструкции и линейная асимптотика зависимости прогиба от числа панелей.
The scheme of a statically definable beam girder of a regular type with a curved upper chord is proposed. For three types of load by the induction method according to the number of panels in the Maple computer mathematics system the dependence of the deflection of the middle of the truss span on the value of the load, size and number of panels is found. The deflection of the middle of the span and the horizontal displacement of the movable support in analytical form according to the Maxwell-Mohr formula are obtained. It is shown that for a certain number of panels, the system becomes geometrically variable. A diagram of the distribution of forces over the bars of the structure and the linear asymptotics of the dependence of the deflection on the number of panels are presented.