bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Visuomotor Mismatch Responses as a Hallmark of Explaining Away in Causal Inference
Authors: Mikulasch Fabian A. , Rudelt Lucas , Priesemann Viola 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
How are visuomotor mismatch responses in primary visual cortex embedded into cortical processing? We here show that mismatch responses can be understood as the result of a cooperation of motor and visual areas to jointly explain optic flow. This cooperation requires that optic flow is not explained redundantly by both areas, meaning that optic flow inputs to V1 that are predictable from motor neurons should be canceled (i.e., explained away). As a result, neurons in V1 represent only external causes of optic flow, which could allow the animal to easily detect movements that are independent of its own locomotion. We implement the proposed model in a spiking neural network, where coding errors are computed in dendrites and synaptic weights are learned with voltage-dependent plasticity rules. We find that both positive and negative mismatch responses arise, providing an alternative to the prevailing idea that visuomotor mismatch responses are linked to dedicated neurons for error computation. These results also provide a new perspective on several other recent observations of cross-modal neural interactions in cortex.
Impacts of Sea Surface Temperature Gradient on Monsoon Intraseasonal Oscillation
Authors: Li Baosheng , Zhou Lei , Lian Tao , Liu Ting , Qin Jianhuang , Du Yan , Chen Dake 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The northward-propagating monsoon intraseasonal oscillation (MISO) is the most pronounced variability over the tropical Indian Ocean during the Indian summer monsoon (June–September). MISO is accompanied by significant air–sea interactions; however, the mechanism of the oceanic feedback to MISO is still a great scientific challenge. In this study, the role of the intraseasonal sea surface temperature (SST) gradient in MISO is diagnosed using reanalysis products and model sensitivity experiments. It is found that the positive meridional gradient of intraseasonal SST induces positive wind convergence in the planetary boundary layer (PBL) and leads convection by about 1–2 days. This accounts for approximately half of the total wind convergence in the PBL to the north of convection during MISO. The warm SST anomalies before convection accelerate the intraseasonal northerly wind in the PBL due to the enhanced downward transport of momentum from aloft. By contrast, the cold SST anomalies behind deep convection weaken the downward vertical momentum transport, thereby inducing a deceleration in the intraseasonal northerly. Consequently, changes in the speed of intraseasonal northerly along the meridional direction strengthen the PBL wind convergence ahead of deep convection. It finally results in the intensification of intraseasonal rainfall associated with MISO over the summer monsoon region. In addition, a strong (weak) SST meridional gradient at an intraseasonal time scale amplifies (lessens) the MISO intensity in the model simulation. Thus, this study highlights the role of SST meridional gradient in the feedback to MISO, which differs from the weak contribution of the warm SST itself to the wind convergence mentioned in previous studies. Collectively, these findings indicate that consideration of oceanic feedback is necessary to improve the understanding and simulation of MISO.
Disentangling the Driving Mechanisms of the Tripole Mode of Summer Rainfall over Eastern China
Authors: Duan Yawen , Yang Qing , Ma Zhuguo , Wu Peili , Chen Xiaolong , Duan Jianping 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The spatial distribution of summer rainfall anomalies over eastern China often shows a tripole pattern with rainfall anomalies over the Yangtze River basin varies in opposite phase with North China and South China. It is not clear whether this tripole pattern is an intrinsic atmospheric mode or it is remotely forced. Using two sets of model outputs from 20 models participating in phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5), this paper investigates the driving mechanisms of this leading rainfall mode and its major influencing factors. One set (piControl) is fully coupled atmosphere–ocean simulations under constant preindustrial forcing and the other (sstClim) is atmosphere-alone models forced by prescribed climatological sea surface temperatures (SSTs). By comparing results from these two different sets of simulations, it is found that the tripole pattern is the leading mode of summer precipitation variability over eastern China with or without oceanic forcing. It can be regarded as an intrinsic atmospheric mode although air–sea interaction can modify its temporal variability. The cyclonic–anticyclonic atmospheric circulation anomaly over the northern North Pacific is identified as a key factor in both experiments. As atmospheric internal variability, it is related to a circumglobal zonal wave train propagating along the westerly jet stream. When air–sea interactions involved, modulation from SST anomalies is exerted through the meridional Pacific–Japan/East Asia–Pacific wave train propagating along the East Asian coast. Our results suggest that the North Pacific could be another key region providing potential predictability to the East Asian monsoon in addition to the Indo-Pacific.
Orographic Controls over Convection in an Inter-Andean Valley in Northern South America
Authors: Gomez-Rios Sebastian , Zuluaga Manuel D. , Hoyos Carlos D. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Convective processes are critical in the northernmost section of the Andes, where highly complex orography combines with tropical dynamics to produce intense precipitating systems. Data from satellite and ground radar have shown that Colombia’s central Magdalena valley has a marked precipitation diurnal cycle, with high rainfall rates produced by deep convective events that intensify on the foothills of the surrounding valley. This study aims to contribute to the understanding of the orographic controls imposed on the convective activity observed in this important tropical valley. The atmospheric environments associated with convective events are assessed using WRF high-resolution simulations for a two-week period that includes intense rainfall events and marked dry spells. In addition, a simulation with modified orography is evaluated to analyze further the effect of topography in controlling the observed convective systems. The results suggest that northward and southward wind regimes channeled by the valley’s topography and cross-valley flow result in a robust nocturnal convergence zone, which is associated with the strong diurnal cycle and the valley configuration. Furthermore, northerly low-level flow is an important source of moisture for convection in the valley. Additionally, results show midlevel tropospheric heating enhancement during days with more rainfall produced by convective systems in the western slope of the valley. The modified topography simulation suggests that circulation and precipitation in the valley are strongly dependent on the actual terrain features.
Pharmacokinetics of N-Acetylprocainamide
Authors: Atkinson Arthur J. , Ruo Tsuen Ih 
Published: October 2022

Shortly after Dreyfus and his colleagues demonstrated that procainamide was metabolized by acetylation to N-acetylprocainamide (NAPA), Drayer, Reidenberg and Sevy reported that NAPA had antiarrhythmic activity in an animal model. We confirmed these findings and found that plasma levels of NAPA were high enough to warrant consideration in managing patients requiring procainamide therapy. However, the actual impetus for developing NAPA as an antiarrhythmic drug in its own right was provided by the initial studies of NAPA pharmacokinetics in normal subjects. In these studies, we showed that NAPA has an elimination-phase half-life that is more than twice as long as procainamide and suggested that patient compliance and arrhythmia suppression might be improved if NAPA were used to circumvent the inconvenience of the frequent dosing schedule that has been recommended for procainamide. From the standpoint of managing individual patients with NAPA, the pharmacokinetics of this drug continue to provide the scientific basis for designing dose regimens that will have maximal antiarrhythmic efficacy and minimal toxicity. This review summarizes the salient features of NAPA pharmacokinetics and outlines an approach for individualizing therapy with this drug.
Cotton-Glass Fiber Outdoor Fabrics
Authors: Ruppenicker George F. , Graham Clarence O. 
Published: October 2022

Cotton yarns reinforced with a glass fiber core were used to produce outdoor fabrics suitable for tentage, tarpaulins, and similar uses. The yarns were made on a conventional ring spinning frame modified to continuously insert a multifilament core, and contained from 17% to 57% glass fiber. The experimental yarns were evaluated as filling in common warps. Canvas type fabrics in a weight range of from 6 to 8 oz./sq.yd. were woven. The fabrics were given a typical commerical finish for 100% cotton which included mineral dyeing and the application of a wax emulsion to impart water repellency. Fabrics were produced from the cotton/glass filament core yarns that were considerably stronger than those containing 100% cotton yarns. The experimental fabrics also lost less strength in accelerated weathering tests. Glass fiber reinforced fabrics treated with a flame retardant had better flammability resistance than 100% cotton fabrics. Appearance, hand, and finishing characteristics of the core yarn fabrics were similar to those of the all-cotton fabrics. Use of the glass fiber reinforced yarns could result in the production of stronger, lighter weight outdoor fabrics with the many desirable inherent properties of cotton.
Culture and Indigenous Craftwork by Kuna Women: A Decolonial, Feminist Perspective
Authors: Alves da Silva Márcia , Ortiz Nick 
Published: October 2022

Craftwork, the production of embroideries known as molas, is the principal product of the Kuna people of Panama, and it is performed exclusively by women. Kuna craftwork sheds light on a model of social organization centered on the matriarchal. The division of labor by sex assigns different tasks to men and women but, in contrast to those of other societies, does not hierarchize them. Kuna communities are evidence that equality can be established in productive relationships, and they have historically resisted patriarchal domination (both territorial and political). O artesanato, nomeadamente a produção de bordados denominados molas, é o produto principal do povo Kuna de Panamá que é confeccionado exclusivamente pelos mulheres. O artesanato Kuna traz à tona um modelo de constituição social baseado no matriarcado. Diferentemente de outras sociedades, a divisão sexual do trabalho na sociedade Kuna separam as atividades de homens e mulheres mas não as hierarquiza. Portanto, as comunidades Kuna são a prova de que a igualdade se pode estabelecer dentro de relações produtivas e que esse povo vêm resistindo a processos de dominação patriarcais (tanto territoriais como políticos).
Quality of life after trigeminal nerve block in refractory trigeminal neuralgia: A retrospective cohort study and literature review
Authors: Jacques Nicolas , Karoutsos Simon , Marais Loïc , Nathan-Denizot Nathalie 
Published: October 2022

Objective To evaluate the effect of trigeminal nerve block (TNB) on patients’ quality of life (QOL) 15 days after the procedure in patients with refractory TN. Methods This retrospective observational cohort study involved patients receiving TNB (levobupivacaine, clonidine, corticosteroid) between 2014 and 2018 at a postoperative pain clinic in France. Change in QOL from Day 0 (before block) to Day 15 was assessed according to SF-12. Results 21 patients (62 ± 14 y) were included in the study. Most patients (71%) were referred following surgery or dentistry. Of the 9 patients (43%) who exhibited >10% increase in SF-12 scores and so were deemed responders, SF12-physical and SF12-mental were increased by mean differences of 17 and 9 points, respectively. The mean duration of block lasted 15 ± 59 days (range 1 to 90 days) and no severe adverse effects were observed. Conclusion Improved QOL was observed in approximately 50% of patients with trigeminal neuralgia (TN) two weeks after specific nerve block. The technique was easy to administer and well accepted by the patients.
Clinical nurse adherence to professional ethics: A grounded theory
Authors: Yang Qingqing , Zheng Zhihui , Pang Shuqin , Wu Yilong , Liu Jujuan , Zhang Jiahui , Qiu Xiahua , Huang Yufeng , Xu Jia , Xie Liyue 
Published: October 2022

Background Professional ethics is the regulation and discipline of nurses’ daily nursing work. Nurses often encounter various ethical challenges and problems in their clinical work, but there are few studies on nurses' adherence to professional ethics. Research Aim An analysis of nursing adherence to nursing ethics from the perspective of clinical nurses in the Chinese public health system. Research Design This study adopts the grounded theory approach proposed by Strauss and Corbin. Participants and research context Between July 2021 and January 2022, Clinical nurses were recruited for online video interviews using purposive and theoretical sampling methods in seven hospitals in Beijing, Tianjin, Shanxi, Henan, Guangdong, and Fujian, China. Data analysis was conducted using Strauss and Corbin’s coding approach. Ethical considerations This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Sanming First Hospital (MingYiLun 71/2021) Findings A total of 27 participants were included. A theoretical model of nursing staff adherence to professional ethics was constructed. The main core was adherence to professional ethics and the other cores were (1) causal conditions: professional ethics code, individual conscience; (2) intervening conditions: personal growth, social support system, matching career compensation, prediction of adverse consequences; (3) action strategies: sticking to professional values, self-regulation, flexible response, post-event improvement; and (4) outcomes: self-harmony, reduced medical disputes. Conclusions This study provides an interpretive understanding of why clinical nurses adhere to professional ethics in China and describes the challenges and issues posed by nurses’ use of strategies to cope with ethical adversity. The findings can be used to develop future complex studies.
Effects of an Intrathecal Drug Delivery System Connected to a Subcutaneous Port on Pain, Mood and Quality of Life in End Stage Cancer Patients: An Observational Study
Authors: Giglio Mariateresa , Preziosa Angela , Mele Roberta , Brienza Nicola , Grasso Salvatore , Puntillo Filomena 
Published: October 2022

Background In cancer patients with limited life expectancy, an implant of an intrathecal (IT) drug delivery system connected to a subcutaneous port (IDDS-SP) has been proposed as a successful strategy, but conflicting results are reported on quality of life (QoL). The aim of this prospective observational study is to report the effects on pain, mood and QoL of an IT combination therapy delivered by an IDDS-SP in malignant refractory pain. Methods Adult patients in which IT therapy was recommended were recruited. An IT therapy with morphine and levobupivacaine was started: VASPI score, depression and anxiety (evaluated by the Edmonton Symptom Assessment System -ESAS-), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the 5-level EuroQol 5D version (EQ-5D-5L) and the requirements of breakthrough cancer pain (BTcP) medications were registered, with adverse events rate and the satisfaction of patients scored as Patient Global Impression of Change (PGIC). Results Fifty patients, (16 F/34 M) were enrolled (age 69 ± 12). All had advanced cancer with metastasis. The median daily VASPI score was 75, the median depression score was 6, and the median anxiety score was 4, median PSQI was 16. At 28 days, a significant reduction in VASPI score was registered as well as in depression and anxiety item. Also, PSQI decreased significantly. The EQ-5D-5 L showed a significant improvement in all components at 14 and 28 days. Patient Global Impression of Change scores showed high level of satisfaction. A low incidence of adverse events and a reduction in BTCP episodes were also registered. Conclusion Intrathecal combination therapy delivered by an IDDS-SP could ensure adequate control of cancer related symptoms, such as pain, depression, anxiety and sleep disturbances. These effects, with low rate of AEs and reduced BTcP episodes, could explain the improvement in QoL and the overall high levels of patients’ satisfaction.
Scavenging energy from aeroelastic vibrations for hybrid stall control in a fixed-wing micro aerial vehicle
Authors: Esmaeili Ali , Delgado Hugo Emanuel da Costa , Sousa Joao Manuel Melo 
Published: October 2022

Scavenging energy from aeroelastic vibrations was considered for a self-powered hybrid passive-active stall control system intended to improve the aerodynamic performance of fixed-wing micro aerial vehicles without exhausting available batteries. It was found that the passive component of the system generates intense streamwise vortices, which give rise to vortex-induced vibrations. Measured frequency response functions indicated accelerations in a wing prototype up to 0.1 g at relatively low frequencies, when it was operated at simulated flight conditions in a wind tunnel. Aiming to use this resource for additional power, a piezoelectric energy harvesting device was installed inside the wing and tuned for resonant response. Two electromechanical modeling approaches for the piezoelectric harvester were investigated, namely, an analytical model and finite elements simulations. A comparison with experimental results has shown that the latter approach is better equipped to deal with advanced designs, yielding accurate predictions in the present study. Extracted power and generated voltage were quantified as a function of the electric loading resistance. The reported data demonstrated that the proof of concept was achieved, so that a lightweight, low-consumption actuator for the active component of the stall control system can be powered by the energy of structural vibrations.
Thoracic Interfascial Plane Blocks and Outcomes After Minithoracotomy for Valve Surgery
Authors: Cheruku Sreekanth R. , Fox Amanda A. , Heravi Hooman , Doolabh Neelan , Davis Jennifer , He Jenny , Deonarine Christopher , Bereuter Lauren , Reisch Joan , Ahmed Farzin , Skariah Lisa , Machi Anthony 
Published: October 2022

Introduction. Thoracic interfascial plane blocks are increasingly used for pain management after minimally invasive thoracotomy for valve repair and replacement procedures. We hypothesized that the addition of these blocks to the intercostal nerve block injected by the surgeon would further reduce pain scores and opioid utilization. Methods. In this retrospective cohort study, 400 consecutive patients who underwent minimally invasive thoracotomy for mitral or aortic valve replacement and were extubated within 2 hours of surgery were enrolled. The maximum pain score and opioid utilization on the day of surgery and other outcome variables were compared between patients who received interfascial plane blocks and those who did not. Results.193 (48%) received at least one interfascial plane block while 207 (52%) received no interfascial plane block. Patients who received a thoracic interfascial plane block had a maximum VAS score on the day of surgery (mean 7.4 ± 2.5) after the block was administered which was significantly lower than patients in the control group who did not receive the block (mean 7.9 ± 2.2) ( P = .02). Opioid consumption in the interfascial plane block group on the day of surgery was not significantly different from the control group. Conclusion. Compared to intercostal blocks alone, the addition of thoracic interfascial plane blocks was associated with a modest reduction in maximum VAS score on the day of surgery. However, no difference in opioid consumption was noted. Patients who received interfascial plane blocks also had decreased blood transfusion requirements and a shorter hospital length of stay.
Mutagenic, Acute, and Subchronic Toxicity Studies of the Hesperetin-7-Glucoside–β-Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complex
Authors: Moriwaki Masamitsu , Kito Kento , Nakagawa Ryo , Tominaga Etsuko , Kapoor Mahendra P. , Matsumiya Yoshiki , Fukuhara Tomohisa , Yamagata Hiroshi , Katsumata Toyohisa , Minegawa Kazuyuki 
Published: October 2022

Hesperetin glucosides such as hesperidin and hesperetin-7-glucoside are abundantly present in citrus fruits and have various pharmacological properties. However, the potential toxicity of hesperetin glucosides remains unclear. An initial assessment of the safety of hesperetin-7-glucoside–β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex (HPTGCD) as a functional food ingredient was undertaken to assess toxicity and mutagenic potential. A bacterial reverse mutation assay (Ames test) using Salmonella typhimurium (strains TA98, TA1535, TA100, and TA1537) and Escherichia coli (strain WP2 uvrA) with HPTGCD (up to 5000 µg/plate) in the absence and presence of metabolic activation was negative. In a single oral (gavage) toxicity study in male and female rats, HPTGCD at dose up to 2000 mg/kg did not produce mortality nor clinical signs of toxicity or change in body weight. In a subchronic oral (dietary admix) toxicity study in rats receiving 0, 1.5, 3, and 5% HPTGCD for 13 weeks, no adverse effects were noted and the no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) was 5% in the diet (equivalent to 3267.7 mg/kg/day for males and to 3652.4 mg/kg/day for females). These results provide initial evidence of the safety of HPTGCD.
Design, development and preliminary assessment in a porcine model of a novel peripheral intravenous catheter aimed at reducing early failure rates
Authors: Doyle Barry J. , Kelsey Lachlan J. , Shelverton Caroline , Abbate Gabriella , Ainola Carmen , Sato Noriko , Livingstone Samantha , Bouquet Mahe , Passmore Margaret R , Wilson Emily S. , Colombo Sebastiano , Sato Kei , Liu Keibun , Heinsar Silver , Wildi Karin , Carr Peter J. , Suen Jacky , Fraser John , Li Bassi Gianluigi , Keogh Samantha 
Published: October 2022

Background: Peripheral intravenous catheters (PIVCs) are the most commonly used invasive medical device, yet despite best efforts by end-users, PIVCs experience unacceptably high early failure rates. We aimed to design a new PIVC that reduces the early failure rate of in-dwelling PIVCs and we conducted preliminary tests to assess its efficacy and safety in a porcine model of intravenous access. Methods: We used computer-aided design and simulation to create a PIVC with a ramped tip geometry, which directs the infused fluid away from the vein wall; we called the design the FloRamp™. We created FloRamp prototypes (test device) and tested them against a market-leading device (BD Insyte™; control device) in a highly-controlled setting with five insertion sites per device in four pigs. We measured resistance to infusion and visual infusion phlebitis (VIP) every 6 h and terminated the experiment at 48 h. Veins were harvested for histology and seven pathological markers were assessed. Results: Computer simulations showed that the optimum FloRamp tip reduced maximum endothelial shear stress by 60%, from 12.7 Pa to 5.1 Pa, compared to a typical PIVC tip and improved the infusion dynamics of saline in the blood stream. In the animal study, we found that 2/5 of the control devices were occluded after 24 h, whereas all test devices remained patent and functional. The FloRamp created less resistance to infusion (0.73 ± 0.81 vs 0.47 ± 0.50, p = 0.06) and lower VIP scores (0.60 ± 0.93 vs 0.31 ± 0.70, p = 0.09) than the control device, although neither findings were significantly different. Histopathology revealed that 5/7 of the assessed markers were lower in veins with the FloRamp. Conclusions: Herein we report preliminary assessment of a novel PIVC design, which could be advantageous in clinical settings through decreased device occlusion and reduced early failure rates.