bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The circadian clock mediates the response to oxidative stress in a cone photoreceptor‒like (661W) cell line via regulation of glutathione peroxidase activity
Authors: Baba Kenkichi , Suen Ting-Chung , Goyal Varunika , Stowie Adam , Davidson Alec , DeBruyne Jason , Tosini Gianluca 
Published: September 2022

Background: The mammalian retina contains an autonomous circadian clock that controls many physiological functions within this tissue. Our previous studies have indicated that disruption of this circadian clock by removing Bmal1 from the retina affects the visual function, retinal circuitry, and cone photoreceptor viability during aging. In the present study, we employed a mouse-derived cone photoreceptor‒like cell, 661W, to investigate which molecular mechanisms of the circadian clock may modulate cone photoreceptor viability during aging. Methods: Bmal1 knockout (BKO) cells were generated from 661W cells using the CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing tool. Deletion of Bmal1 from 661W was verified by western blot and monitoring Per2-luc bioluminescence circadian rhythms. To investigate the effect of Bmal1 removal on an oxidative stress challenge, cells were treated with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2,1 mM) for two hours and then cell viability was assessed. Cells were also cultured and harvested for gene expression analysis and antioxidant assay. Results: Our data indicated that 661W cells contain a functional circadian clock that mediates the response to an oxidative stress challenge in vitro and that such a response is no longer present in the BKO cell. We also hypothesized that the effect was due to the circadian regulation of the intracellular antioxidant defense mechanism. Our results indicated that in 661W cells, the antioxidant defense mechanism is under circadian control, whereas in BKO cells, there is an overall reduction in this antioxidant defense mechanism, and it is no longer under circadian control. Conclusions: Our work supported the notion that the presence of a functional circadian clock and its ability to modulate the response to an oxidative stress is the underlying mechanism that may protect cones during aging.
Understanding the funding characteristics of research impact: A proof-of-concept study linking REF 2014 impact case studies with Researchfish grant agreements
Authors: Reddick Gavin , Malkov Dmitry , Sherbon Beverley , Grant Jonathan 
Published: September 2022

Background: All parts of the research community have an interest in understanding research impact whether that is around the pathways to impact, processes around impact, methods for measurement, describing impact and so on. This proof of concept study explored the relationship between research funding and research impact using the case studies submitted to the UK Research Excellence Framework (REF) exercise in 2014 as a proxy for impact. Methods: The paper describes an approach to link the REF impact case studies with the underpinning research grants present in the Researchfish dataset, primarily using the publications captured in both datasets. Where possible the methodology utilised unique identifiers such as Digital Object Identifiers and PubMed ID’s, and where this was not possible the funding information within each publication was used. Results: Through this automated approach 21% of the non-redacted case studies could be linked to a specific research grant. Additional qualitative analysis was then done for unlinked REF impact case studies, which involved reading the document to identify additional information to make the linkage. This approach was taken on 100 REF impact case studies selected at random and resulted in only seven having no identifiable research grants funding associated. The linked research grants were analysed to identify characteristics that are more frequently associated with these grants, than non-linked ones. Conclusions: This analysis did point to some interesting observations such as the grant funding linked to REF impact case studies are more likely to be longer, higher financial value, have more publications and be more collaborative (amongst other characteristics). These findings should be used with caution at present and not be over interpreted, this is due to the sample size for this proof of concept study and some potential limitations on the data which were not addressed at this stage.
Stigma, coping strategies, and their impact on treatment and health outcomes among young men living with HIV in Vietnam: A qualitative study
Authors: Tran Nhu Kieu , Vu Bach Ngoc , Susa Jordan , DeSilva Mary 
Published: September 2022

Background
Stigma affects persons living with HIV in myriad ways, including mental health, adherence to antiretroviral therapy, and retention in care, and may manifest at inter- and intra-personal levels. Youth are particularly vulnerable; those in vulnerable groups may experience multiple stigmas. In Vietnam, new HIV infections are rising among men in young age groups. To better understand the facets of stigma experienced by young men living with HIV in Vietnam, we conducted a qualitative study with youth and clinicians.

Methods
We conducted in-depth interviews with ten youth and two clinicians in Hanoi, querying experiences of inter- and intra-personal stigma, coping strategies, and disclosure. As a framework for further research, we developed a conceptual model based on our findings and the published evidence base which portrays interactions among HIV-related stigma, coping strategies, and ART adherence, care engagement, and health outcomes.

Results
Common themes that emerged from interviews with youth included extensive internalized/self-stigma and perceived stigma, yet limited experienced interpersonal stigma due to non-disclosure and avoidant coping strategies. Within different types of relationships or contexts, youth used different strategies. Non-disclosure with family, friends, and workplaces/school, and avoidance of romantic relationships and health care were common. Mental health and social support appeared to be mediating factors between coping strategies and health outcomes.

Conclusions
Validation of this model of mechanisms of the impact of stigma for youth will require further research with larger samples. In the meantime, public campaigns to increase public awareness related to HIV should be implemented in Vietnam. Critical support for youth and their mental health should involve approaches tailored to the individual, taking into account context and personal capacity, including adequate time to prepare psychologically for disclosure. Some strategies for safe and effective disclosure are suggested.
Gambaran Perilaku Higiene Sanitasi Makanan dan Kontaminasi E.coli pada Pedagang Makanan Jajanan di Sekolah Dasar Kecamatan Genuk, Kota Semarang
Authors: Astuti Intan Ayuning , Nurjazuli Nurjazuli , Dewanti Nikie Astorina Yunita 
Published: September 2022

ABSTRAKLatar belakang: Banyak makanan jajanan sekolah yang kurang memenuhi persyaratan kesehatan yang mengancam kesehatan anak. Sehingga diperlukan aspek penilaian higiene sanitasi makanan untuk mengendalikan resiko pencemaran pada makanan. Bakteri yang sering dijadikan indikator pencemaran makanan adalah Escherichia coli. Tujuan utama penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran praktik higiene sanitasi dan kontaminasi E.coli pada pedagang makanan jajanan di lingkungan sekolah dasar wilayah Kecamatan Genuk, Kota Semarang.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian deskriptif dengan menggunakan metode pendekatan kualitatif berupa observasi, wawancara dan uji laboratorium. Sampel diambil dengan metode purposive sampling, sebanyak 33 pedagang makanan jajanan di sekolah dasar wilayah Kecamatan Genuk, Kota Semarang.Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tingkat pengetahuan pedagang makanan jajanan sudah baik yaitu sebanyak 18 (54,5%) responden. Sikap pedagang yang baik yaitu sebanyak 17 (51,5%). Ketersedediaan fasilitas higiene sanitasi yang kurang baik sebanyak 17 (51,5%).Simpulan: Praktik higiene sanitasi pedagang makanan jajanan masih kurang baik yaitu sebesar 18 (54,5%) dan terdapat makanan jajanan yang terkontaminasi bakteri E.coli yaitu sebanyak 11 (33,3%) sehingga higiene sanitasi dari pedagang makanan jajanan perlu diperbaiki. Kata kunci: makanan, higiene, sanitasi, Escherichia coliABSTRACTTitle: A Description of Food Hygiene and Sanitation and E.coli contamination in Snack Food Traders in Genuk Sub-District Primary Schools, Semarang City Background: Many school snacks is not health for requirements and threaten children's. Some aspects of assessment hygiene and sanitation, control the risk of contamination of the food. Bacteria are often used as indicators of food contamination is Escherichia coli. The main purpose of this research to know the description of food hygiene and sanitation with E. coli contamination on traders' food snacks in elementary school Kecamatan Genuk, Semarang City.Method: This research is a type of descriptive research using a qualitative approach in the form of observation, interviews and laboratory tests. Samples were taken by purposive sampling method, as many as 33 snacks traders in elementary schools in the Genuk District, Semarang City.Result: The results showed the level of knowledge of street food vendors was already good as many as 18 (54.5%) respondents. A good attitude of traders is as much as 17 (51.5%). The availability of poor sanitation hygiene facilities is 17 (51.5%).Conclusion: The sanitation hygiene practices of street food vendors are still not good at 18 (54.5%) and some snacks are contaminated with E. coli bacteria as many as 11 (33.3%) so that the sanitation hygiene of street food vendors needs to be improved. Keywords: food, hygiene, sanitation, Escherichia coli
Gambaran Cemaran Timbal pada Jajanan Gorengan di Salah Satu Kecamatan Kota Semarang
Authors: Sagita Mutiara Afri , Dewanti Nikie Astorina Yunita , Sulistiyani Sulistiyani 
Published: September 2022

Latar Belakang: Makanan jajanan sudah menjadi keseharian masyarakat Indonesia, salah satunya adalah gorengan. Namun, gorengan merupakan jajanan berisiko terkontaminasi logam, yangmana memiliki efek toksik pada tubuh manusia. Hasil studi ini, ditemukan gorengan mengandung timbal dan melebihi batas seharusnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui gambaran cemaran timbal pada gorengan di salah satu kecamatan Kota Semarang.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan observasional deskriptif dengan metode cross sectional. Penentuan sampel secara total sampling sebanyak 38 pedagang gorengan dan sampel bakwan.Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kadar timbal pada gorengan tidak memenuhi syarat sebesar (26,3%) dengan rata-rata sebesar 0,184 mg/kg dan kondisi sanitasi sarana penjaja masih buruk (28,9%). Jenis minyak yang banyak digunakan pedagang gorengan adalah minyak curah dengan kondisi minyak goreng awal berjualan adalah minyak campuran. Hasil perhitungan peneliti, rata-rata frekuensi menggoreng pedagang sebanyak ±24 kali dalam sesaat. Kadar timbal sebelum dan sesudah penggorengan pada minyak goreng curah yaitu 0,087 dan 0,152 mg/kg, sedangkan minyak goreng kemasan sebesar <0,010 dan 0,015 mg/kg.Simpulan: Gorengan di Kecamatan X Kota Semarang positif mengandung timbal dengan hasil rata-rata sebesar 0,184 mg/kg dan 31,58% tidak memenuhi syarat serta 28,9% sanitasi sarana buruk.Kata kunci: timbal, gorengan, sanitasi sarana penjajaABSTRACTTitle: Description of Lead Contamination in Fried Snacks in One District of Semarang City Introduction: treet foods have become daily food of Indonesian, which one of is fried foods. But, fried food is a risk contaminated by metals, which has a toxic effect on the human body. In this study, the level of lead present on fried foods and not eligible. This study aims to determine lead contamination in fried foods in one of the sub-districts of Semarang City.Method: This study is observational-descriptive with a cross-sectional design. There were 38 fried food sellers and bakwan by total sampling. Result: The results showed (26.3%) the level of lead in fried food didn't eligible with an average of 0.184 mg/kg and (28.9%) the sanitation of the vendor was poor. The most oil used is bulk oil with a source from mixed oil. The average frequency of frying is ± 24 times in a moment. The level of lead on before and after frying in bulk oil is 0.087 mg/kg and 0.152 mg/kg, while the oil package is <0.010 and 0.015 mg/kg. Conclusion: Fried foods in Sub-district X of Semarang City positively contained lead with an average of 0.184 mg/kg, 31.58% didn’t eligible and 28,9% sanitation of facility still poor. Keywords: lead, fried foods, sanitation of vendor facilities
„Fred Koch. Naturfotografie der 1920/30er Jahre“
Authors: Eden Friederike 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Dem Fotografen Fred Koch (1904–1947) entging kein Detail; scharf und pointiert zeigen seine Aufnahmen Pflanzen, Tiere und Kristalle. Seine ästhetischen Fotografien sprechen eine neusachliche Sprache, die sich in keiner anderen Kunstform so überzeugend artikuliert wie in der Fotografie. Hier werden die erste Werkpräsentation des heute weitgehend vergessenen Fotografen in der Alfred Ehrhardt Stiftung in Berlin sowie der zugehörige Ausstellungskatalog, in dem sich Stefanie Odenthal, Kuratorin der Alfred Ehrhardt Stiftung, und Rainer Stamm, Direktor des Landesmuseums für Kunst und Kulturgeschichte Oldenburg, dem frühen OEuvre des Fotografen widmen, besprochen. In diesen wird nicht nur Kochs Biografie beleuchtet, es wird ihm auch ­erstmals ein Werk zugeschrieben, das sich somit kontextualisieren lässt. Mehr als acht Jahrzehnte nach seinem Tod erhält Fred Koch somit eine umfassende Würdigung.
An updated systematic review on the maternal exposure to environmental pesticides and involved mechanisms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) progression risk in children
Authors: Maleki Maryam , Noorimotlagh Zahra , Mirzaee Seyyed Abbas , Jaafarzadeh Neemat , Martinez Susana Silva , Rahim Fakher , Kaffashian Mohammadreza 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) increased dramatically over the past 25 years because of genetic and environmental factors. This systematic review (SR) aimed to determine the association between maternal exposure during pregnancy to environmental pesticides and other associations with the risk of ASD progression in children. PubMed (MEDLINE), Scopus (Elsevier) and the Institute for Scientific Information (ISI) Web of Science were searched using appropriate keywords up to March 2021. Twenty-four studies met the inclusion/exclusion criteria and were selected. Most studies reported that ASD increases the risk of offspring after prenatal exposure to environmental pesticides in pregnant mother’s residences, against offspring of women from the same region without this exposure. The main potential mechanisms inducing ASD progressions are ROS and prostaglandin E2 synthesis, AChE inhibition, voltage-gated sodium channel disruption, and GABA inhibition. According to the included studies, the highest rates of ASD diagnosis increased relative to organophosphates, and the application of the most common pesticides near residences might enhance the prevalence of ASD.
Interpreting the Strength Activity Index of Fly Ash with Machine Learning
Authors: Song Yu , Zhang Steven , Wang Kaixin , Jin Chen , Sant Gaurav , Bauchy Mathieu 
Published: September 2022

AbstractFly ash from the coal combustion at electric plants is commonly used for partially replacing portland cement in concrete production. Because of the varying nature of the coal source and the different processing protocols, different fly ashes exhibit wide ranges of physical and chemical characteristics, resulting in distinct impacts on concrete strength. Thus far, the most adopted method for assessing a given fly ash is specified by ASTM C618, Specification for Coal Fly Ash and Raw or Calcined Natural Pozzolan for Use in Concrete, wherein a series of influential chemical and physical features can be correlated to fly ash’s strength activity index (SAI). However, limited knowledge is available on how exactly the individual material attribute affects SAI, so accurately predicting the SAI remains out of reach. Here, we take advantage of recent advances in machine learning to reveal the origins of fly ash’s SAI. Leveraging a data set comprising 2,158 fly ash samples, we trained neural network models to predict 28-day SAI based on the sole knowledge of ASTM C618 material attributes. The results demonstrate that SAI is a complex property that does not systematically follow the conventional Class C/F classification. To gain a deeper insight into this matter, we further quantify the influence of each attribute on SAI as captured by the machine learning model.
DEMANDA HÍDRICA E ADUBAÇÃO ORGÂNICA NO CULTIVO PROTEGIDO DE PIMENTÃO NA REGIÃO NORTE DA BAHIA
Authors: Souza Ruanna Matos Almeida , Leitão Mário de Miranda Vilas Boas Ramos , Oliveira Gertrudes Macário de , Oliveira Emerson Damasceno de , Correia Leonardo Torres 
Published: September 2022

DEMANDA HÍDRICA E ADUBAÇÃO ORGÂNICA NO CULTIVO PROTEGIDO DE PIMENTÃO NA REGIÃO NORTE DA BAHIA

RUANNA MATOS ALMEIDA SOUZA¹; MÁRIO DE MIRANDA VILAS BOAS RAMOS LEITÃO²; GERTRUDES MACÁRIO DE OLIVEIRA³; EMERSON DAMASCENO DE OLIVEIRA4 E LEONARDO TORRES CORREIA5

¹ Colegiado de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, UNIVASF, Av. Antônio C. Magalhães, 510, Country Club, Juazeiro - BA, CEP: 48902-300, ruanna.matos@outlook.com
² Colegiado de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, UNIVASF, Av. Antônio C. Magalhães, 510, Country Club, Juazeiro - BA, CEP: 48902-300, mario.miranda@univasf;edu.br
³ Departamento de Tecnologia e Ciências Sociais, Universidade do Estado da Bahia, UNEB, Av, R. Edgar Chastinet, s/n - São Geraldo, Juazeiro - BA, CEP: 48900-000, gemoliveira@uneb.br
4 Colegiado de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, UNIVASF, Av. Antônio C. Magalhães, 510, Country Club, Juazeiro - BA, CEP: 48902-300, emerson.oliveira@univasf.edu.br
5 Colegiado de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, UNIVASF, Av. Antônio C. Magalhães, 510, Country Club, Juazeiro - BA, CEP: 48902-300, leonardo.torrescorreia@hotmail.com

1 RESUMO

Palavras-chave: evapotranspiração, irrigação, coeficiente de cultivo.

MATOS, R.M.A; LEITÃO,M.DE M.V.B.R; OLIVEIRA, G.M.DE; OLIVEIRA, E. D. DE;CORREIA, L. T.
WATER DEMAND AND ORGANIC FERTILIZATION IN PROTECTED PIMENTÃO CULTIVATION IN THE NORTH REGION OF BAHIA

2 ABSTRACT

The objective was to determine crop evapotranspiration (ETc), crop coefficient and water use efficiency for the production of sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) cultivated under two soil compounds in a protected environment. The experiment was conducted in Juazeiro-BA, from June to October 2019. The pepper was grown in pots, the design was randomized blocks, split plots, four irrigation depths were used (95, 100, 105 and 110% of ETc) and two levels of soil fertilization: A1 (25% manure and 75% soil) and A2 (40% manure and 60% soil), which were based on studies developed by Santana (2019). ETc was determined using two sets of constant water table lysimeters and the crop coefficient was determined from ETc and reference evapotranspiration. The total water demand of the crop for the A1 fertilization level was 527.3 mm and for that A2 was 395.7 mm. The maximum and minimum crop coefficients were respectively 0.78 and 0.23 for A2; 1.02 and 0.34 for A1. The A1 level of fertilization showed higher productivity and satisfactory conversion of water into fresh fruit mass.

Keywords: evapotranspiration, irrigation, crop coefficient.
FROM BANTU DIVORCE COURTS TO DIVORCE COURTS: A SUCCESSFUL EXERCISE IN LEGAL TRANSFORMATION
Authors: Deon Erasmus  
Published: September 2022

In order to establish Family Courts in South Africa, the Department of Justice and Constitutional Development established a Family Court Task Team in 1997. During September 1998 a Family Court Pilot Project was launched by the Department of Justice and Constitutional Development to serve as test sites for possible nation-wide implementation. This project flowed from the “Justice Vision2000” national strategy. The aim of the project was to make justice accessible to families in urban, rural and even isolated communities, by providing co-ordinated and integrated family services to all parties involved in family law disputes under one roof. The establishment of Family Courts was motivated by the following aims: to afford wide and specialized protection and help to the family as a fundamental unit in society, to bring about access to justice for all in family disputes, and to improve the quality andeffectiveness of service delivery in this area (Chaskalson Family Courts 4). With the formation of the Family Court Pilot Project, the vision of the project was defined as to establish a court structure which has its own identity, is accessible to the community, sensitive to the needs of the community, operating according to simple procedures, offering counselling and mediation support services and providing a quality service in a pleasant and user-friendly environment. With its formation, it was envisaged that each Family Court Centre will have two components, the support service and the litigation component. The family support service provides support to the family and encompasses alternative ways to resolve disputes without parties appearing in court, such as counseling and family group conferencing. The litigation component offers services ranging from maintenance, domestic violence, Children’s Court, deceased estates, Family Advocate services, divorces and a help desk. The Divorce Courts form an integral and important part of the FamilyCourt Pilot Project. These courts were originally instituted in 1929 to entertain divorce actions between black people. These so-called Black Divorce Courts were established under section 10 of the Black Administration Act (38 of 1927) and the Black Administration Amendment Act (9 of 1929).