bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sociodemographic, clinical, laboratory, treatment and prognostic characteristics of 156 generalized pustular psoriasis patients in Turkey: a multicentre case series
Authors: Kara Polat A. , Alpsoy E. , Kalkan G. , Aytekin S. , Uçmak D. , Yasak Güner R. , Topkarcı Z. , Yılmaz O. , Emre S. , Borlu M. , Türkoğlu Z. , Özkök Akbulut T. , Özaydın Yavuz G. , Kaya Erdoğan H. , Adışen E. , Satılmış Kaya A. , Oğuz Topal İ. , Yazıcı S. , Yılmaz E. , Koku Aksu A.E. , Kartal S.P. , Deveci B.N. , Öksüm Solak E. , Karadağ A.S. , Sarıkaya Solak S. , Kıvanç Altunay İ. , Türel Ermertcan A. , Özkesici Kurt B. , Gelincik Kaçar N. , Ataseven A. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundGeneralized pustular psoriasis (GPP) is a rare and severe inflammatory disease characterized by widespread and superficial sterile pustules on an erythematous background.ObjectivesThis multicentre study aimed to determine the clinical profile and course in a large cohort of patients with GPP.MethodsOne hundred and fifty‐six GPP patients (mean age, 44.2 ± 18.7 years) who met the diagnostic criteria of the European Consensus Report of GPP were included in the study. Sociodemographic characteristics, quality of life, triggering factors of the disease, clinical, laboratory, treatment and prognostic features were evaluated.Results61.5% of the patients were female. The rate of working at or below the minimum wage (≤$332.5/month) was 44.9%. Drugs (36.5%) were the most common trigger. While hypocalcaemia (35.7%) was the most important cause of GPP during pregnancy, systemic steroid withdrawal (20%) was the most frequently reported trigger for infantile/juvenile and mixed‐type GPP (15%) (P < 0.05). Acute GPP (53.8%) was the most common clinic. Nails were affected in 43.6% of patients, and subungual yellow spots (28.2%) were the most common change. In annular GPP, fever (P < 0.001) and relapse frequency (P = 0.006) were lower than other subtypes, and the number of hospitalizations (P = 0.002) was lower than acute GPP. GPP appeared at a later age in those with a history of psoriasis (P = 0.045). DLQI score (P = 0.049) and joint involvement (P = 0.016) were also higher in this group. Infantile/juvenile GPP was observed in 16.02% of all patients, and arthritis was lower in this group (24.4 vs. 16%). GPP of pregnancy had the worst prognosis due to abortion observed in three patients.ConclusionsRecent advances in treatment have improved mortality associated with GPP, but abortion remains a significant complication. Although TNF‐α inhibitors have proven efficacy in GPP, they can also trigger the disease. Mixed‐type GPP is more similar to acute GPP than annular GPP with systemic manifestations and course.
A Residual‐Based Differential Item Functioning Detection Framework in Item Response Theory
Authors: Lim Hwanggyu , Choe Edison M. , Han Kyung T. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDifferential item functioning (DIF) of test items should be evaluated using practical methods that can produce accurate and useful results. Among a plethora of DIF detection techniques, we introduce the new Residual DIF (RDIF) framework, which stands out for its accessibility without sacrificing efficacy. This framework consists of three item response theory (IRT) residual statistics: , , and . We conducted a simulation study with a 40‐item test to assess the performance of RDIF in comparison with the Mantel‐Haenszel, logistic regression, and IRT‐based likelihood ratio test methods. Even when analyzing small sample sizes, the results revealed to be the most robust DIF detection statistic with strict control of Type I error across all simulated conditions when paired with the purification procedure. Also, and proved to be powerful indicators of uniform and nonuniform DIF, respectively. Therefore, should serve as the primary flagging criterion, whereas and best serve as indicators of DIF type. An empirical DIF study also showed that the RDIF framework could perform satisfactorily with real data from a large‐scale assessment. Overall, the RDIF framework demonstrated its potential as a new standard for IRT‐based DIF detection methodology.
The local bias in equity crowdfunding: Behavioral anomaly or rational preference?
Authors: Hornuf Lars , Schmitt Matthias , Stenzhorn Eliza 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe use data on individual investment decisions to analyze whether investors in equity crowdfunding direct their investments to local firms and whether specific investor types can explain this behavior. We then examine whether investments exhibiting a local bias are more or less likely to fail. We show that investors exhibit a local bias, even when we control for those with personal ties to the entrepreneur. In particular, we find that angel‐like investors and investors with personal ties to the entrepreneur exhibit a larger local bias than regular crowd investors. Well‐diversified investors are less likely to suffer from this behavioral anomaly than investors with personal ties to the entrepreneur. Overall, we show that investors who direct their investments to local firms more often pick start‐ups that run into insolvency, which indicates that some local investments in equity crowdfunding constitute a behavioral anomaly rather than a rational preference. Moreover, our results reveal that platform design is an important factor determining the scope of the behavior anomaly.
Color and optical properties of 3D printing restorative polymer‐based materials: A scoping review
Authors: Espinar Cristina , Della Bona Alvaro , Pérez María M. , Pulgar Rosa 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectiveColor and optical properties are particularly crucial to mimic natural tooth. This scoping review aimed to present an overview of the literature published on color and optical properties of 3D printing restorative polymer‐based materials. The literature search was performed in MED‐LINE/Pubmed, Scopus and Web of Science.Materials and methodsThe literature search was conducted in the three databases based on the question: “Are the optical properties and color adequately reported on polymer‐based 3D printing dental restorative materials studies?” with no restriction on year of publication. Data were reported and synthesized following PRISMA‐ScR statement.ResultsNine studies fit the inclusion criteria. Five studies focused on evaluating only color stability; three articles assessed the color stability along with mechanical and morphological properties and only one study compared color parameters of 3D printed to conventional polymers. Two studies evaluated translucency parameter and no study was found evaluating scattering, absorption, and transmittance.ConclusionsColor and optical properties of 3D printed polymers that can be used in restorative dentistry are not adequately evaluated and characterized. Future studies on the influence of experimental printing conditions should include these physical properties to assist on improving esthetics.Clinical significanceThis review shows the scarce literature existing on color and optical properties of 3D printing restorative polymer‐based materials. These properties and their study are of outmost importance to create materials that mimic natural tooth to allow clinicians to obtain esthetically pleasant restorations.
Regional variation in multiple paternity in the brown smooth‐hound shark Mustelus henlei from the northeastern Pacific
Authors: Rendón‐Herrera J. Juan , Pérez‐Jiménez Juan Carlos , Saavedra‐Sotelo Nancy C. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMultiple paternity (MP) in the brown smooth‐hound shark (Mustelus henlei) was assessed in 15 litters (15 mothers and 97 embryos) collected in the northern Gulf of California of which 86.7% were sired by more than one male (i.e., from 2 to 4 sires). When taken together with results from previous studies, this record indicates that there is regional variation in MP in M. henlei in the northeastern Pacific. This pattern is associated with variations in the reproductive traits of each population (e.g., female size and litter size). In the Gulf of California, the results of a generalized linear model (GLZ) indicated that the litters of larger females had a higher probability of MP compared to those of smaller females.
Associations between psychiatric home‐visit nursing staff's exposure to violence and conditions of visit to community‐living individuals with mental illness
Authors: Fujimoto Hirokazu , Greiner Chieko , Mukaihata Tsuyoshi , Hashimoto Takeshi 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAimPsychiatric home‐visit nursing is key for providing medical services to community‐living individuals with mental illness in Japan. However, little is known about factors associated with encountering violent incidents among psychiatric home‐visit nursing staff during visits. This cross‐sectional study examined associations between staff's exposure to violence and their visit conditions reflecting characteristics of individuals with mental illness.MethodsPsychiatric home‐visit nursing staff members completed a questionnaire regarding their exposure to violence during the past 12 months and their visits to individuals with 23 characteristics, comprising static (13 items; e.g., psychiatric diagnosis) and dynamic factors (10 items; e.g., hostility/anger).ResultsForty (16.3%) of the 246 participants had experienced violence. Visits to individuals with four static factors (psychiatric diagnoses, i.e., Disorders of Adult Personality and Behavior or Mental Retardation, alcohol/drug abuse with psychiatric diagnoses, and history of violent behavior), and nine dynamic factors were significantly and positively associated with participants' violent experiences. In addition, regarding the static factors of Disorders of Adult Personality and Behavior and history of violent behavior, it was found that overlapping of specific dynamic factors (e.g. hostility/anger) were significantly associated with violent experiences.ConclusionsFor visits with limited information on individuals (e.g., initial visits), having information on their static factors could help prevent violence. Additionally, it is important to create educational programs for psychiatric home‐visit nursing staff to detect the status of individuals' dynamic factors, and a system to share any related changes in timely fashion.
Impact of botulinum toxin injection into the masticatory muscles on mandibular bone: A systematic review
Authors: Owen Michael , Gray Benjamin , Hack Nawaz , Perez Leonel , Allard Rhonda J. , Hawkins James M. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundBotulinum toxin type A (BoNTA) injection into the masticatory muscles has been widely used to treat a number of painful and nonpainful conditions; however, no systematic reviews have been performed on the long‐term effect to the mandibular bone.ObjectiveOur systematic review aimed to evaluate the impact of botulinum toxin injection into the masticatory muscles on mandibular bone based.MethodsPubMed, Embase, Ovid, CINAHL and Web of Science were searched for human studies assessing mandibular bone after injection of BoNTA using computed tomography (CT) and cone beam CT (CBCT).ResultsSeven studies were eligible for review; five reported significant bony changes to one or more areas of the mandible. Most frequently affected were the condylar head, coronoid process and ramus. The most frequent changes were decreased bone volume, cortical thickness and cortical and trabecular density.ConclusionsThis is the first systematic review to examine an association between BoNTA injection into the masticatory muscles and mandibular bone quality. Data were analysed from a limited number of studies with a small sample size, and the quality of the included studies was very low. While the majority of available evidence suggests BoNTA injection results in bony change, further study is required to confirm a dose‐dependence effect and the impact of gender and age. High‐quality trials should utilise a combination of software analysis and radiologist review, with longer‐term follow‐up to monitor for persistence of bony effect and clinical significance.
CT imaging of dogs with perineal hernia reveals large prostates with morphological and spatial abnormalities
Authors: Åhlberg Tuuli M. , Salonen Hanna M , Laitinen‐Vapaavuori Outi M , Mölsä Sari H 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe etiology of canine perineal hernia (PH) remains unclear, although as a disease of older male dogs, it is likely to be hormonal. The role of the prostate in the formation of PH has been questioned; however, prospective and systematic evaluation of prostates in these dogs is absent in the literature. In this prospective case–control study, CT imaging was used to assess prostatic changes in dogs with PH (n = 46) and compare these findings with those of intact age‐matched male dogs (n = 23). Using the OsiriX® DICOM viewer, we measured prostatic volume and correlated it with the size of the dog by using the length of the sixth lumbar vertebra. In addition, we recorded spatial and morphological changes of the prostate, such as heterogenicity, intra‐ and paraprostatic cysts, and mineralizations, as well as prostatic location and rotation. We found that dogs with PH had larger prostates (P < .001) that more often contained cysts (P < .001) and had larger cyst diameters (P = .013) than age‐matched controls. Prostates of PH dogs also contained paraprostatic cysts (17.4%) and focal mineralizations (32.6%), which were absent in the control group. Abnormal rotation and location of the prostate were common in dogs with PH. In conclusion, these findings support the use of CT as an adjunct diagnostic imaging modality for the evaluation of the prostate in dogs with PH. Further studies are needed to evaluate nonprostatic CT findings in the pelvic cavity of PH dogs.
Seroprevalence of anti‐Leptospira antibodies in equines and associated workers—Isolation of Leptospira interrogans serogroup Canicola from equine urine
Authors: Meny Paulina , Iglesias Tamara , Menéndez Clara , Quintero Jair , Ríos Cristina , Ashfield Natalia , Ferreira Oscar , Mosca Virginia , De Brun Laureana , Ortiz Gabriela , De Vries Isabel , Varela Gustavo , Schelotto Felipe 
Published: March 2022

AbstractTo investigate seroprevalence of anti‐Leptospira antibodies in equines and associated workers in Uruguay, 891 equine and 150 human sera were drawn; 212 equine urine samples were also taken for culture. Environmental conditions and equine raising or managing practices were recorded in all 72 visited establishments; epidemiological information was obtained from each worker. Microscopic agglutination technique (MAT) was performed with 10 Leptospira strains for equines and 18 for human sera, that were also studied with IgM indirect immunofluorescence (IgM‐IIF). Equine titres ≥100 were considered positive, and human sera titres ≥200 suggested probable recent or past infection. Urines were cultured in Ellinghausen–McCullough–Johnson–Harris (EMJH) media; local identification of one obtained isolate with lipL32 PCR, Multiple Locus Variable number tandem repeat Analysis and partial rrs gene sequencing, were completed at Institut Pasteur, Paris. Estimated reactivity was 61.3% for equines, which was higher than the studied bovine national levels (21%) and mainly observed with Icterohaemorrhagiae serogroup (40.3%), Sejroe, Canicola, Pomona or Ballum. Aged animals from slaughterhouses and cattle farms were the most frequently positive. Multiple regression analysis confirmed a significant association between seropositivity and equine age. Only one positive culture could be fully studied, and confirmed to be Leptospira interrogans serogroup Canicola; it was added to the MAT antigen panel and revealed fairly frequent reaction with equine and human sera. Three workers (2%) showed titres = 200 with Icterohaemorrhagiae or Canicola serogroups, without recent clinical manifestations. Their attended equines reacted with the same serogroups, suggesting common source infections or infection transmitted by equines. Three other humans yielded titres = 100, and none of the 150 showed an IgM‐IIF‐positive result. Equines seem not to be an important origin of regional human leptospirosis, except perhaps during acute animal infection. More culture work is required to study intensity and lapses of leptospiruria, as well as to further identify circulating strains.
Emulating Spatial and Temporal Outputs From Fuel Cell and Battery Models: A Comparison of Deep Learning and Gaussian Process Models
Authors: Xing W. W. , Dai S. , Shah A. A. , Luo L. , Xu Q. , Leung P. K. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Neural network models have a long history in fuel cell and battery modeling. With the recent advent of deep learning, there is potential for further improvements in these models. Conversely, deep learning is primarily designed for image detection and classification using large data sets and its performance on typical regression tasks in fuel cell and battery modeling remains largely unexplored. In this article, we present a new method for applying deep learning to general vector outputs from battery and fuel cell models and investigate the use of different deep learning architectures. We compare these methods to equivalent Gaussian process (GP) models on a range of regression tasks. We further provide the first rigorous error and asymptotic analysis of the multivariate GP model. For scalar outputs, deep networks are found to be less accurate on small data sets, but for large data sets, convolutional and recurrent networks are able to marginally exceed the accuracy of GP models.
Development of a Model Efficiency Improvement for the Designing of Feedwater Heaters Network in Thermal Power Plants
Authors: Hoseinzadeh Siamak , Stephan Heyns P. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Thermal power plants play a significant role in generating power, electricity, and energy consumption in the world, especially in developing countries. Therefore, the energy analysis of these power plants is very useful to increase the efficiency of systems and reduce energy consumption. One of the components of power plants that play a great role in energy consumption and recovery is the feedwater heater. In this study, a design method-based pinch technology for feedwater heaters of a coal power plant is presented. This method is used to reduce the irreversibility of heat transfer in feedwater heaters in this power plant. This study is performed on six feedwater heaters, which are similar in pairs. The results of this method show that this method is feasible for this system, and the results also show that the implementation of this method with a Pinch range of 10 °C indicated a deficit hot utility of about 48.54 MW. Also, the amount of power plant efficiency improvement is 12.12%, and according to the Pinch method, the energy price of the power plant can be reduced by about 125,489 $/year.
Medium-Scale Methanol Pool Fire Model Validation
Authors: Hubbard Joshua A. , Hansen Michael A. , Kirsch Jared R. , Hewson John C. , Domino Stefan P. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Medium scale (30 cm diameter) methanol pool fires were simulated using the latest fire modeling suite implemented in Sierra/Fuego, a low Mach number multiphysics reacting flow code. The sensitivity of model outputs to various model parameters was studied with the objective of providing model validation. This work also assesses model performance relative to other recently published large eddy simulations (LES) of the same validation case. Two pool surface boundary conditions were simulated. The first was a prescribed fuel mass flux and the second used an algorithm to predict mass flux based on a mass and energy balance at the fuel surface. Gray gas radiation model parameters (absorption coefficients and gas radiation sources) were varied to assess radiant heat losses to the surroundings and pool surface. The radiation model was calibrated by comparing the simulated radiant fraction of the plume to experimental data. The effects of mesh resolution were also quantified starting with a grid resolution representative of engineering type fire calculations and then uniformly refining that mesh in the plume region. Simulation data were compared to experimental data collected at the University of Waterloo and the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). Validation data included plume temperature, radial and axial velocities, velocity temperature turbulent correlations, velocity velocity turbulent correlations, radiant and convective heat fluxes to the pool surface, and plume radiant fraction. Additional analyses were performed in the pool boundary layer to assess simulated flame anchoring and the effect on convective heat fluxes. This work assesses the capability of the latest Fuego physics and chemistry model suite and provides additional insight into pool fire modeling for nonluminous, nonsooting flames.
Study on Joint Protection of Air Tank and Air Valve in Long-Distance Water Supply System
Authors: Chen Xuyun , Zhang Jian , Yu Xiaodong , Chen Sheng , Shi Lin 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
In the long-distance water supply system, the air tank can effectively protect the pump failure water hammer, but the large air tank will increase the investment. This paper analyzes the hydraulic transient process of the water supply system with air tanks, and proposes a joint protection method with an air tank behind the pump and air valves at the end of the pipeline. The function and coupling relationship of the air tank and air valves are clarified, the theoretical analysis system and numerical optimization framework of the joint protection layout scheme are constructed, and the potential hidden trouble conditions are discussed. A setting method of combined air valves is proposed to eliminate the possible water and gas problems in the pipeline. Combined with the actual project, the water hammer protection effects of different protection schemes are compared and analyzed. The results show that this joint protection scheme can effectively protect against water hammer damage, and greatly reduce the volume of the air tank compared to a single air tank protection.
A Novel Approach for Performance Analysis of Air–Air Wickless Heat Pipe Heat Exchanger
Authors: Brahim Taoufik 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Wickless heat pipe heat exchangers (HPHE) consistently showed instabilities and omits many experimental tests. The performance of a heat pipe is governed by many parameters, and the effects of which may influence each other. The objective of this paper is to develop a new approach for an air–air heat pipe heat exchanger that takes into consideration the effect of heat transfer coefficients, saturation temperature, and thermal resistances inside the heat pipes as well as maximum heat transfer limit. The approach is based on analyzing inner heat pipe parameters with HPHE external working conditions. Results are also assessed for higher heat capacities ratio and found that the thermal resistances inside a heat pipe are a limiting factor, leading the HPHE system to perform poorly in particular for Cr ≤ 1. Overall heat transfer coefficients at HPHE sides as well as HPHE effectiveness as a function of Cr are assessed. Trying to follow the Chaudourne (1992, “The Heat Pipe Heat Exchangers: Design, Technology and Applications,” Design and Operation of Heat Exchangers, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 386–396) profile for conventional heat exchangers, HPHE effectiveness is determined and limited to 0.5 number of transferred units. The established model is verified by the existing literature and demonstrates numerical results that agree with the experimental data within a 2.86% error.