bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A risk model of gene signatures for predicting platinum response and survival in ovarian cancer
Authors: Chen Siyu , Wu Yong , Wang Simin , Wu Jiangchun , Wu Xiaohua , Zheng Zhong 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundOvarian cancer (OC) is the deadliest tumor in the female reproductive tract. And increased resistance to platinum-based chemotherapy represents the major obstacle in the treatment of OC currently. Robust and accurate gene expression models are crucial tools in distinguishing platinum therapy response and evaluating the prognosis of OC patients.MethodsIn this study, 230 samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) OV dataset were subjected to mRNA expression profiling, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), and copy number variation (CNV) analysis comprehensively to screen out the differentially expressed genes (DEGs). An SVM classifier and a prognostic model were constructed using the Random Forest algorithm and LASSO Cox regression model respectively via R. The Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database was applied as the validation set.ResultsForty-eight differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were figured out through integrated analysis of gene expression, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), and copy number variation (CNV) data. A 10-gene classifier was constructed which could discriminate platinum-sensitive samples precisely with an AUC of 0.971 in the training set and of 0.926 in the GEO dataset (GSE638855). In addition, 8 optimal genes were further selected to construct the prognostic risk model whose predictions were consistent with the actual survival outcomes in the training cohort (p = 9.613e-05) and validated in GSE638855 (p = 0.04862). PNLDC1, SLC5A1, and SYNM were then identified as hub genes that were associated with both platinum response status and prognosis, which was further validated by the Fudan University Shanghai cancer center (FUSCC) cohort.ConclusionThese findings reveal a specific risk model that could serve as effective biomarkers to identify patients’ platinum response status and predict survival outcomes for OC patients. PNLDC1, SLC5A1, and SYNM are the hub genes that may serve as potential biomarkers in OC treatment.
Overview of paratransgenesis as a strategy to control pathogen transmission by insect vectors
Authors: Ratcliffe Norman A. , Furtado Pacheco João P. , Dyson Paul , Castro Helena Carla , Gonzalez Marcelo S. , Azambuja Patricia , Mello Cicero B. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis article presents an overview of paratransgenesis as a strategy to control pathogen transmission by insect vectors. It first briefly summarises some of the disease-causing pathogens vectored by insects and emphasises the need for innovative control methods to counter the threat of resistance by both the vector insect to pesticides and the pathogens to therapeutic drugs. Subsequently, the state of art of paratransgenesis is described, which is a particularly ingenious method currently under development in many important vector insects that could provide an additional powerful tool for use in integrated pest control programmes. The requirements and recent advances of the paratransgenesis technique are detailed and an overview is given of the microorganisms selected for genetic modification, the effector molecules to be expressed and the environmental spread of the transgenic bacteria into wild insect populations. The results of experimental models of paratransgenesis developed with triatomines, mosquitoes, sandflies and tsetse flies are analysed. Finally, the regulatory and safety rules to be satisfied for the successful environmental release of the genetically engineered organisms produced in paratransgenesis are considered.
Graphical Abstract
Effects of regional citrate anticoagulation on thrombin generation, fibrinolysis and platelet function in critically ill patients receiving continuous renal replacement therapy for acute kidney injury: a prospective study
Authors: Fisher Richard , Moore Gary W. , Mitchell Michael J. , Dai Letian , Crichton Siobhan , Lumlertgul Nuttha , Ostermann Marlies 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Regional citrate anticoagulation (RCA) is recommended for continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT). However, filter life varies and premature filter clotting can occur. The aims of this explorative prospective study were to investigate the effects of RCA on thrombin generation, fibrinolysis and platelet function in critically ill patients receiving CRRT, to compare clotting parameters between systemic and intra-circuit blood samples, and to screen participants for coagulation disorders. We recruited critically ill adult patients admitted to a 30-bedded Intensive care unit in a tertiary care hospital who required CRRT with RCA for acute kidney injury (AKI). Patients with pre-existing thrombotic, bleeding tendencies or a CRRT duration less than 48 h were excluded. We measured coagulation and thrombophilia parameters at baseline. Thrombin generation, D-dimer and platelet function were measured pre-CRRT and at 12, 24, 36, 48 and 72 h after commencing CRRT using blood samples taken from the arterial line and the circuit.

Results
At baseline, all eleven patients (mean age 62.4 years, 82% male) had Factor VIII and von Willebrand Factor concentrations above reference range and significantly increased peak thrombin generation. During CRRT, there were no significant changes in systemic maximum peak thrombin generation, time to peak thrombin generation, fibrinogen, D-dimer and platelet function analysis. We observed no significant difference between paired samples taken from the patient's arterial line and the circuit.

Conclusions
Critically ill patients with AKI requiring CRRT are hypercoagulable. Citrate used for anticoagulation during CRRT does not affect thrombin generation, D-dimer or platelet function. Systemic clotting parameters reflect intra-circuit results.
Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02486614.
Registered 01 July 2015—Registered after recruitment of first patient. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02486614
Ventricular fibrillation during carotid endarterectomy and bailout stenting: a case report
Authors: Ueda Yuji , Asamoto Masaaki , Kariya Taro , Akai Takafumi , Hoshina Katsuyuki , Uchida Kanji 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Carotid artery manipulation is not a special technique but reports of intraoperative ventricular fibrillation are rare. The risk of fatal arrhythmias may be hidden behind routine surgical techniques and anesthetic management. We focused on QT prolongation and QT dispersion.

Case presentation
A 77-year-old man underwent carotid endarterectomy and bailout stenting. Although there were no obvious preoperative risk factors for intraoperative ventricular tachyarrhythmia, ventricular fibrillation (VF) had occurred during a maneuver of the carotid artery under hypercapnia. QTc was prolonged from 317 ms before surgery to 458 ms before the onset of VF. QTc dispersion between leads II and III was also increased to 50 ms. Hypomagnesemia was noted after resuscitation by electrical defibrillation, adrenaline, and noradrenaline.

Conclusions
We considered that the combination of multiple risk factors led to the development of ventricular fibrillation. It should be noted that carotid artery manipulation has the potential to cause arrhythmias.
Prevalence and population genetic data of colour vision deficiency among students from selected tertiary institutions in Lagos State, Nigeria
Authors: Fakorede Samson Taiwo , Akpan Lydia Gift , Adekoya Khalid Olajide , Oboh Bola 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundColour vision deficiency (CVD), also referred to as colour blindness, is the failure or decreased ability to distinguish between certain colours under normal lighting conditions. It is an X-linked genetic disorder with varying degrees of prevalence in different populations. There is presently no report on the prevalence of CVD among students of the selected tertiary institution. Hence, the present study was aimed at determining the occurrence and genetics of CVD among students from designated tertiary institutions in Lagos state. A cross-sectional survey was employed in recruiting 1191 study subjects from three tertiary institutions in Lagos, Nigeria.ResultsThe overall occurrence of CVD among the study participants was 2.85%. There were 24 (4.29%) males and 10 (1.58%) females affected. Among the colour vision deficient individuals, 18 (1.51%) and 16 (1.34%) were deuteranomalous and protanomalous, respectively. Also, the prevalence of CVD varies across ethnic groups of the studied subjects with the highest occurrences (3.57%) observed in the Yoruba ethnic subpopulation and the least (1.45%) among the Hausas.ConclusionsMore males than females were found to be colour vision deficient, and there were more deutans than protans. Early screening for CVD should be encouraged among school children to guide the choice of future profession and help mitigate work hazards resulting from being colour deficient.
Early management of patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage in a hospital with neurosurgical/neuroendovascular facilities: a consensus and clinical recommendations of the Italian Society of Anesthesia and Intensive Care (SIAARTI)–Part 1
Authors: Picetti Edoardo , Barbanera Andrea , Bernucci Claudio , Bertuccio Alessandro , Bilotta Federico , Boccardi Edoardo Pietro , Cafiero Tullio , Caricato Anselmo , Castioni Carlo Alberto , Cenzato Marco , Chieregato Arturo , Citerio Giuseppe , Gritti Paolo , Lanterna Luigi , Menozzi Roberto , Munari Marina , Panni Pietro , Rossi Sandra , Stocchetti Nino , Sturiale Carmelo , Zoerle Tommaso , Zona Gianluigi , Rasulo Frank , Robba Chiara 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Issues remain on the optimal management of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) patients once they are admitted to the referring center, before and after the aneurysm treatment. To address these issues, we created a consensus of experts endorsed by the Italian Society of Anesthesia and Intensive Care (SIAARTI). In this manuscript, we aim to provide a list of experts’ recommendations regarding the early management of SAH patients from hospital admission, in a center with neurosurgical/neuro-endovascular facilities, until securing of the bleeding aneurysm.

Methods
A multidisciplinary consensus panel composed of 24 physicians selected for their established clinical and scientific expertise in the acute management of SAH patients with different background (anesthesia/intensive care, neurosurgery, and interventional neuroradiology) was created. A modified Delphi approach was adopted.

Results
Among 19 statements discussed. The consensus was reached on 18 strong recommendations. In one case, consensus could not be agreed upon and no recommendation was provided.

Conclusions
This consensus provides practical recommendations for the management of SAH patients in hospitals with neurosurgical/neuroendovascular facilities until aneurysm securing. It is intended to support clinician’s decision-making and not to mandate a standard of practice.
Five points to consider when reading a translational machine-learning paper
Authors: Dwyer Dominic , Krishnadas Rajeev 
Published: March 2022

SummaryMachine-learning techniques are used in this BJPsych special issue on precision medicine in attempts to create statistical models that make clinically relevant predictions for individual patients. In this primer, we outline five key points that are helpful for a new reader to consider in order to engage with the field and evaluate the literature. These points include the consideration of why we are interested in new statistical approaches, how they may produce individualised predictions, what caveats need to be kept in-mind and why the interest and engagment of clinicians and clinical researchers is critical to successful model development and implementation. We hope that the following primer will provide shared understanding to encourage dialogue between clinical and methodological fields.
Path-dependent bifunctional device in thermal-electric field
Authors: Feng H. L. , Ni Y. S. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Janus metamaterial refers to a kind of artificial device that can exhibit different functions along different paths. Compared with the existing metamaterial only possessing the single omnidirectional or unidirectional function, we propose a path-dependent bifunctional device in a thermal-electric field, which can present two distinct thermal and electric behaviors (concentrating and cloaking) under different directions of heat flux and electric current. We theoretically derive the anisotropic material parameters of the ideal Janus device to achieve the path-dependent functionalities based on the successive transformation method. Then, in order to realize the engineering applications of the Janus device, the effective medium theory is employed to eliminate the anisotropy of the material parameters using the multilayered structure, thus avoiding extreme material parameters. We further analyze the path-dependent manipulation effects of the coupled thermal and electric fields. The numerical simulations are carried out to demonstrate the performances of ideal or multilayered Janus devices under different physical conditions. The results show that the performances of the multilayered Janus device coincide with those of the ideal Janus device, and these different Janus devices can perfectly achieve the concentrating function along the x-axis and the cloaking function along the y-axis in different thermal and electric fields simultaneously. It is anticipated that the path-dependent effect of the Janus metamaterial can also be extended to other multi-physical fields with different directional functions.
Performance of virtual non-contrast images generated on clinical photon-counting detector CT for emphysema quantification: proof of concept
Authors: Jungblut Lisa , Sartoretti Thomas , Kronenberg Daniel , Mergen Victor , Euler Andre , Schmidt Bernhard , Alkadhi Hatem , Frauenfelder Thomas , Martini Katharina 
Published: March 2022

Objective: To evaluate the performance of virtual non-contrast images (VNC) compared to true non-contrast (TNC) images in photon-counting detector computed tomography (PCD-CT) for the evaluation of lung parenchyma and emphysema quantification. Methods: 65 (mean age 73 years; 48 male) consecutive patients who underwent a three-phase (non-contrast, arterial and venous) chest/abdomen CT on a first-generation dual-source PCD-CT were retrospectively included. Scans were performed in the multienergy (QuantumPlus) mode at 120 kV with 70 ml intravenous contrast agent at an injection rate of 4 ml s−1. VNC were reconstructed from the arterial (VNCart) and venous phase (VNCven). TNC and VNC images of the lung were assessed quantitatively by calculating the global noise index (GNI) and qualitatively by two independent, blinded readers (overall image quality and emphysema assessment). Emphysema quantification was performed using a commercially available software tool at a threshold of −950 HU for all data sets. TNC images served as reference standard for emphysema quantification. Low attenuation values (LAV) were compared in a Bland–Altman plot. Results: GNI was similar in VNCart (103.0 ± 30.1) and VNCven (98.2 ± 22.2) as compared to TNC (100.9 ± 19.0, p = 0.546 and p = 0.272, respectively). Subjective image quality (emphysema assessment and overall image quality) was highest for TNC (p = 0.001), followed by VNCven and VNCart. Both, VNCart and VNCven showed no significant difference in emphysema quantification as compared to TNC (p = 0.409 vs. p = 0.093; respectively). Conclusion: Emphysema evaluation is feasible using virtual non-contrast images from PCD-CT. Advances in knowledge: Emphysema quantification is feasible and accurate using VNC images in PCD-CT. Based on these findings, additional TNC scans for emphysema quantification could be omitted in the future.
Case Report: Good responsiveness of metastatic sarcomatoid urothelial carcinoma with chondrosarcomatous differentiation to immune checkpoint inhibitor after radical surgery and chemotherapy
Authors: Lee Hyung Ho , Kang Hye Ju , Park Weon Seo , Choi Wonyoung , Seo Ho Kyung , Kim Sung Han 
Published: March 2022

Background: Sarcomatoid urothelial carcinoma with chondrosarcomatous differentiation (SUCCD) in the ureter has a poor prognosis and is a rare histological variant of ureteral cancer. The majority of ureteral cancers are urothelial carcinomas. Clinical case: We present a case of well-controlled metastatic SUCCD treated with an immune checkpoint inhibitor after radical surgery and failed adjuvant chemotherapy. The patient was a 68-year-old male with previous cure history of cT1 staged esophageal squamous cell carcinoma referred to the urology department for a right hydronephroureterosis complicating an intraureteral enhancing mass. After ureteroscopic biopsy and intraureteral urine cytology, atypical pleomorphic cell nests and chondroid tissue consistent with sarcomatoid urothelial carcinoma were observed. The patient underwent a successful radical right nephroureterectomy with bladder cuffing. The final diagnosis was a pT3N0 sarcomatoid urothelial carcinoma (heterologous component: chondrosarcoma > 95%) located at the right distal ureter and right renal calyx with infiltration of the periureteric fat and renal parenchyma of the renal capsule. On the postoperative one-month follow-up computed tomography scan, multiple enlarged lymph nodes and metastatic lung nodules were detected. The initiated three cycles of gemcitabine-carboplatin therapy was marked by disease progression; thus, second-line therapy with atezolizumab was used for treatment. After five cycles of atezolizumab, the tumors showed a partial response without any grade 3 complications. Conclusion: The recurrent metastatic SUCCD showed good response to the immune checkpoint inhibitor after unsuccessful therapy with radical surgery and first line chemotherapy despite the unfavorable outcome of the pathology.
Realisation of Solid-State Electrochromic Devices Based on Gel Electrolyte
Authors: Au Benedict Wen-Cheun , Chan Kah-Yoong , Sahdan Mohd Zainizan , Chong Abraham Shiau-Iun , Knipp Dietmar 
Published: March 2022

Background: In the last decade, there has been much interest in the area of solid polymer electrolyte (SPE) to address the issues of electrolyte leakage and evaporation in electrochromic devices (ECD). ECD is a state-of-the-art technology having the ability to change from transparent state to opaque state under the influence of a small applied voltage for energy saving applications. Methods: In this work, tungsten oxide (WO3) films were fabricated via the sol-gel spin-coating method. Subsequently, ECDs were assembled based on SPE and liquid polymer electrolyte (LPE), respectively using indium doped tin oxide (ITO) coated glass as conducting electrodes and WO3 films as working electrode. Results: Cyclic voltammetry (CV) results revealed reduced ionic conductivity of conducting ions in SPE based ECD (SECD) owing to increased viscosity by addition of PMMA. However, lesser time was required for the colouration process. LPE based ECD (LECD) showed higher colouration efficiency (CE) compared to its SECD counterpart. This is attributed to its larger optical modulation. Conclusions: This work presents a comparison between the performance of LECD and SECD in terms of electrochromic (EC) and optical properties. They were analysed through CV, chronoamperometry (CA) and ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometer. Furthermore, this work provides an insight on the employment of solid-state electrolytes in ECDs in view of the persistent leakage and evaporation problems in ECD implementation.
Problem-based learning in research method courses: development, application and evaluation
Authors: Ramdani Yani , Kurniati Syam Nia , Karyana Yayat , Herawati Diar 
Published: March 2022

Background: The undergraduate curriculum in Indonesia generally requires students to take a research methods course as a prerequisite course for the preparation of scientific reports. The objective of this course is to teach students how to present research results both orally and in writing using the styles and forms of each university. However, this course is not popular among students because the material is complex and technical. As a result, there is a gap between learning outcomes and their application when students prepare scientific reports. Improving pedagogy and teaching interventions through student-developed research projects is important in complementing lectures. The purpose of this study was to analyze the improvement of students' ability in writing scientific reports through research method courses using problem based learning (PBL). Methods: This study reports the integration of scientific report writing in research methods courses through PBL at the Universitas Islam Bandung in Indonesia. PBL was implemented by involving students in research-related tasks with the following stages: writing research questions, determining the research design, collecting data, analyzing data, and presenting research results. Results: The results showed that there was an increase in scientific writing skills with good categories on indicators of possible plagiarism using Turnitin, use of report preparation formats, suitability of literature, mastery of research report content in-class presentations. Conclusions: This finding implies that assigning students to write scientific reports using PBL in the research method classroom is useful for improving learning outcomes, presentation, reasoning, communication, ambiguous problem-solving, and reducing plagiarism. The findings of this study strengthen the findings of previous researchers, namely increase students' abilities in using formatting to prepare scientific reports, using appropriate literature, mastering research materials as well as reducing the level of plagiarism.
Tibial cortex transverse transport accelerates wound healing via enhanced angiogenesis and immunomodulation
Authors: Yang Yongkang , Li Yucong , Pan Qi , Bai Shanshan , Wang Haixing , Pan Xiao-hua , Ling Ka-Kin , Li Gang 
Published: March 2022

Aims Treatment for delayed wound healing resulting from peripheral vascular diseases and diabetic foot ulcers remains a challenge. A novel surgical technique named ‘tibial cortex transverse transport’ (TTT) has been developed for treating peripheral ischaemia, with encouraging clinical effects. However, its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In the present study, we explored the potential biological mechanisms of TTT surgery using various techniques in a rat TTT animal model. Methods A novel rat model of TTT was established with a designed external fixator, and effects on wound healing were investigated. Laser speckle perfusion imaging, vessel perfusion, histology, and immunohistochemistry were used to evaluate the wound healing processes. Results Gross and histological examinations showed that TTT technique accelerated wound closure and enhanced the quality of the newly formed skin tissues. In the TTT group, haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining demonstrated a better epidermis and dermis recovery, while immunohistochemical staining showed that TTT technique promoted local collagen deposition. The TTT technique also benefited to angiogenesis and immunomodulation. In the TTT group, blood flow in the wound area was higher than that of other groups according to laser speckle imaging with more blood vessels observed. Enhanced neovascularization was seen in the TTT group with double immune-labelling of CD31 and α-Smooth Muscle Actin (α-SMA). The number of M2 macrophages at the wound site in the TTT group was also increased. Conclusion The TTT technique accelerated wound healing through enhanced angiogenesis and immunomodulation. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2022;11(4):189–199.