bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Capacidad de movilidad en metrópolis dispersas: estudio de accesibilidad en el Área Metropolitana de Guadalajara
Authors: Barranco Martín María del Carmen , Calonge Reillo Fernando 
Published: April 2022

La dispersión y fragmentación de las urbes ha repercutido directamente en los desplazamientos de la población, hecho que plantea escenarios muy peculiares en las ciudades latinoamericanas. Con el comienzo del nuevo siglo, los estudios urbanos comienzan a captar la atención de la experiencia de estos desplazamientos, pues la realidad es que las personas de cualquier condición socioeconómica realizan movimientos diarios para acceder a actividades-recursos básicos, pero los medios para hacerlo y las opciones de acceso no son las mismas, hecho que influye en otros ámbitos de la vida y condiciona el bienestar del ciudadano. En tal sentido, se presenta la propuesta de realizar un acercamiento[i] a la relación entre el enfoque del desarrollo humano basado en las capacidades y la movilidad, al cuestionar cómo analizar el bienestar a través de la capacidad de movilidad y su estructura de oportunidades de acceso con metodología de triangulación.

[i] El siguiente artículo está basado en la investigación que se realizó para la tesis de doctorado Capacidad de movilidad y bienestar: estudio de accesibilidad desde la experiencia de la inclusión-exclusión urbana. Caso de estudio Área Metropolitana de Guadalajara, presentada en Guadalajara, el día 6 de julio de 2018.
This article is based on a research conducted for a doctorate thesis with title “Capacity to Move and Well-being: An Accessibility Study from the Urban Inclusion-Exclusion Experience. A Study Case on Guadalajara Metropolitan Area”, presented in Guadalajara on July 6, 2018.
O seguinte artigo é baseado na pesquisa realizada para a tese de doutorado Capacidade de mobilidade e bem-estar: estudo de acessibilidade desde a experiência da inclusão-exclusão urbana. Caso de estudo Área Metropolitana de Guadalajara, apresentada em Guadalajara, o dia 6 de julho de 2018.
Las inercias de una ciudad en mutación, diferencias espaciales de los precios de la vivienda (Bogotá, 1970-2012)
Authors: Cuervo Ballesteros Nicolás 
Published: April 2022

Este artículo analiza, mediante los precios de la vivienda en 7 sectores de Bogotá, las evoluciones socioespaciales de la ciudad entre 1970 y 2012. Se argumenta que los elementos heredados priman sobre los cambios recientes (producidos en un contexto de mundialización económica y gestión urbana neoliberal), incluso si estos son importantes. Se muestra que las diferencias espaciales de los precios de la vivienda (entre los sectores de análisis) se mantienen en un mismo rango a lo largo del tiempo y no tienen una tendencia temporal clara. En fin, se argumenta que la inercia socioespacial resulta de una mejoría en las condiciones urbanas de diferentes sectores de la ciudad (que reducen la renta diferencial de vivienda), simultánea y de menor magnitud a la inercia de las diferencias de precios de la vivienda ligadas a la renta de segregación. [i] Este articulo presenta y amplía los resultados de la investigación desarrollada para la tesis de doctorado en urbanismo “L’inertie et les changements urbains au prisme des prix du logement : Bogota, 1970-2012”, dirigida por Jean-Claude Driant en la Escuela de Urbanismo de París, Universidad Paris Este.
An Electromyography-Based Constitutive Law for Force Generation in Skeletal Muscle—Part II: Model Validation on the Ankle Joint Complex
Authors: Knodel Nathan B. , Calvert L. Brie , Bywater Emily A. , Lamia Joseph P. , Patel Shiv N. , Nauman Eric A. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Part II of this study evaluates the predictive ability of the skeletal muscle force model derived in Part I within the ankle joint complex. The model is founded in dimensional analysis and uses electromyography and the muscle force–length, force–velocity, and force–frequency curves as inputs. Seventeen subjects (eight males, nine females) performed five different exercises geared toward activating the primary muscles crossing the ankle joint. Motion capture, force plate, and electromyography data were collected during these exercises for use in the analysis. A constant, Km, was calculated for each muscle of each subject using four of the five exercises. The fifth exercise was then used to validate the results by treating the moments due to muscle forces as known and all other components in Euler's second law as unknown. While muscle forces cannot be directly validated in vivo, methods can be developed to test these values with reasonable confidence. This study compared moments about the ankle joint due to the calculated muscle forces to the sum of the moments due to all other sources and the kinematic terms in the second Newton–Euler equation of rigid body motion. Average percent errors for each subject ranged from 4.2% to 15.5% with a total average percent error across all subjects of 8.2%, while maximum percent errors for each subject ranged from 33.3% to 78.0% with an overall average maximum of 52.4%. Future work will examine sensitivity analyses to identify any potential simplifications to the model and solution process, as well as validate the model on a more complex joint system to ensure it still performs at a satisfactory level.
Repeated Sprint Protocols With Standardized Versus Self-Selected Recovery Periods in Elite Youth Soccer Players: Can They Pace Themselves? A Replication Study
Authors: Engel Florian A. , Altmann Stefan , Chtourou Hamdi , Woll Alexander , Neumann Rainer , Yona Tomer , Sperlich Billy 
Published: April 2022

Purpose: Replicating the studies of Gibson et al and Brownstein et al to assess performance, and physiological, and perceived variables during a repeated sprint protocol (RSP) with standardized versus self-selected recovery in youth soccer players. Methods: Nineteen male soccer players (age 13.1 [1.3] y) completed 2 separate RSPs. RSP1: 10 × 30-m sprints with 30-second recovery and RSP2: 10 × 30-m sprints interspersed with self-selected recovery periods. Mean time of both 10 × 30-m RSPs and self-selected recovery periods of RSP2 were assessed. Heart rate, blood lactate concentration, and rates of perceived exertion were measured following RSPs. Results: RSP2 revealed longer recovery periods (RSP1: 30.0 [0.0] s; RSP2: 39.0 [7.7] s; P < .001; effect size d = 1.648) with shorter repeated sprint time (mean 30-m sprint time: RSP1: 4.965 [0.256] s; RSP2: 4.865 [0.227] s; P = .014; d = 0.414). Blood lactate concentration (P = .002–.005; d = 0.730–0.958), heart rate (P < .001; d = 1.353), and rates of perceived exertion (RSP1: 14.9 [1.9]; RSP2: 12.9 [2.1]; P = .016; d = 1.046) were higher following RSP1. Conclusion: In contrast to the original studies, the present replication study demonstrated that self-selected recovery periods during a RSP leads to better repeated sprint performance compared with standardized recovery periods in youth soccer players. The better repeated sprint performance with individual recovery durations in RSP2 was achieved with less physiological and perceived effort.
Late Holocene coseismic uplift of the Kaikōura coast, New Zealand
Authors: Howell Andy , Clark Kate J. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The complex 2016 MW 7.8 Kaikōura earthquake ruptured &gt;20 faults and caused highly variable uplift and subsidence of an ~110 km stretch of coastline. The earthquake raised questions about fault interactions in regions of oblique convergence and especially subduction to strike-slip transition zones like the Kaikōura region. We integrate 2016 coastal vertical deformation observations with new mapping and dating of Holocene marine terraces to: (1) compare spatial patterns of 2016 coseismic and longer-term vertical motions, (2) investigate possible past multi-fault ruptures or temporal clusters of earthquakes around Kaikōura, and (3) assess the relative contributions of crustal faults and the Hikurangi subduction interface to late Holocene coastal uplift. We identify possible multi-fault ruptures or loose clusters of earthquakes at ca. 850–550 yr B.P. and ca. 350–100 yr B.P. Most (and possibly all) of the Kaikōura coast has been uplifted over the late Holocene; the 25-km-long Parikawa section of coast subsided coseismically in 2016 but appears to be uplifted through reverse slip on an offshore fault. Late Holocene uplift everywhere along the coastline of interest can be attributed to slip on known upper-plate faults; slip on a shallow-dipping (&lt;20°) subduction interface cannot be ruled out but is not required to explain uplift.
On the Possibility of Reflectionless Propagation of Plane Acoustic Waves in Continuously Stratified Media
Authors: Petukhov Yu. V. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe example of vertical propagation of acoustic plane waves in the atmosphere is used to establish that the reflectionless propagation of acoustic waves occurs only in continuously stratified media for which wave equations with variable pressure perturbation and vibrational velocity coefficients are reduced—via the same transformation for the same wave acoustic impedance profile, which is inversely proportional to the refractive index—to a wave comparison equation with constant coefficients. It is shown that the corresponding transformations of the wave equations are possible only for continuously stratified media with a constant wave acoustic impedance.
Evaluation of the impact of an enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) programme on the quality of recovery in patients undergoing a scheduled hysterectomy: a prospective single-centre before-after study protocol (RAACHYS study)
Authors: Martin Flora , Vautrin Nicolas , Elnar Arpiné Ardzivian , Goetz Christophe , Bécret Antoine 
Published: April 2022

IntroductionThe enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) programmes following hysterectomies have been studied since 2010, and their positive effects on clinical or economic criteria are now well established. However, the benefits on health outcomes, especially rapid recovery after surgery from patients’ perspective is lacking in literature, leading to develop scores supporting person-centred and value-based care such as patient-reported outcome measures. The aim of this study is to assess the impact of an ERAS programme on patients’ well-being after undergoing hysterectomy.Methods and analysisThis is an observational, prospective single-centre before-after clinical trial. 148 patients are recruited and allocated into two groups, before and after ERAS programme implementation, respectively. The ERAS programme consists in optimising factors dealing with early rehabilitation, such as preoperative patient education, multimodal pain management, early postoperative fluid taken and mobilisation. A self-questionnaire quality of recovery-15 (QoR-15) on the preoperative day 1 (D−1), postoperative day 0 evening (D0) and the postoperative day 1 (D+1) is completed by patients. Patients scheduled to undergo hysterectomy, aged 18 years and above, whose physical status are classified as American Society of Anesthesiologists score 1−3 and who are able to return home after being discharged from hospital and contact their physician or the medical department if necessary are recruited for this study. The total duration of inclusion is 36 months. The primary outcome is the difference in QoR-15 scores measured on D+1 which will be compared between the ‘before’ and the ‘after’ group, using multiple linear regression model.Ethics and disseminationApproval was obtained from the Ethical Committee (Paris, France). Subjects are actually being recruited after giving their oral agreement or non-objection to participate in this clinical trial and following the oral and written information given by the anaesthesiologist practitioner.Trial registration number: ClinicalTrials.gov:NCT04268576(Pre-result).
Experiences and actions related to living with type 1 diabetes during the COVID-19 pandemic in Norway: a qualitative study conducted during July to December 2020
Authors: Pleym Karin , Iversen Marjolein Memelink , Broström Anders 
Published: April 2022

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to describe the experiences of adults with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) during the COVID-19 pandemic in Norway, and what actions they took to cope with the situation.DesignAn inductive, descriptive design applying the critical incident technique was used to collect qualitative data between July 2020 and December 2020.SettingA strategic selection was made from diabetes specialist outpatient clinics at three different hospitals in eastern Norway. The hospitals, two community hospitals and one university hospital, were situated in both rural and urban areas.ParticipantsInclusion criteria were people with T1DM aged 18–65 years. Exclusion criteria were pregnancy, people with chronic pulmonary disorders, people with active cancer diseases and people diagnosed with a myocardial infarction or stroke during the previous 6 months. Semistructured individual interviews with 19 people with T1DM were conducted.ResultsExperiences were categorised into two main areas: ‘increased psychosocial burden of T1DM during the COVID-19 pandemic’ and ‘changed conditions for T1DM treatment during the COVID-19 pandemic’. Uncertainty distress and social consequences from infection control measures contributed to the burden of T1DM. Disrupted T1DM follow-up and altered daily routines created challenges. However, having increased time to focus on T1DM self-management during lockdown represented an improvement. Actions to handle the situation were categorised into two main areas: ‘actions to handle psychosocial strain related to T1DM and COVID-19’ and ‘actions to handle changed conditions for T1DM treatment during the COVID-19 pandemic’.ConclusionsPatients experienced an increased psychosocial burden of T1DM and difficulties from a disrupted daily life affecting T1DM self-management routines. Uncertainty-reducing behaviours and actions to adapt to the situation provided a general sense of coping despite these difficulties. Tailored information and follow-up by telephone or video call was emphasised to reduce uncertainly distress and support adequate diabetes T1DM self-management.
Telerehabilitation programmes for patients with cancer and survivors: a protocol for a systematic review
Authors: He Yu , Han Xiaochai , Zou Wenchen , Liu Xuemin , Sun Nianyi , Zhou Fenghua 
Published: April 2022

IntroductionThe global cancer burden is a major public health problem. Cancer rehabilitation is an essential component of survivorship care for preventing complications, decreasing symptoms and improving functional quality of life (QOL). In addition to pre-existing challenges, the COVID-19 pandemic has greatly affected cancer rehabilitation programmes and their delivery to patients. This comprehensive systematic review will assess the efficacy and safety of telerehabilitation on functional outcomes and QOL in patients with cancer and survivors.Methods and analysisThis study was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols. The following key electronic bibliographic databases will be searched from their inception to April 2021: MEDLINE, Embase, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro). We will include randomised controlled trials (RCTs) published in English that examine the effects of telerehabilitation programmes on patients with cancer and survivors. The terms ‘telerehabilitation’, ‘neoplasm’, ‘RCT’ and their analogous terms will be used in our search strategy. Two reviewers will independently complete the study screening, selection, data extraction and quality rating. The PEDro scale will be used to assess the methodological quality of the included studies. Narrative or quantitative synthesis will be conducted on the basis of the final data. The planned start and end dates for the study are 1 March 2021 and 1 May 2022, respectively.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval will not be required for this review, and the results will be disseminated in peer-reviewed journals.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42021243467.
Mass gathering events: a retrospective analysis of the triage categories, type of injury or medical complaint and medical usage rates
Authors: Van Remoortel Hans , Scheers Hans , Lauwers Karen , Gillebeert Johan , Stroobants Stijn , Vranckx Pascal , De Buck Emmy , Vandekerckhove Philippe 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundAdequate on-site first aid delivery at mass gatherings (MGs) is one of the cornerstones to ensure safe and healthy MGs. We investigated medical usage rates, frequency of triage categories and type of injury or medical complaint, among attendees at MGs in Belgium.MethodsWe analysed the Medical Triage and Registration Informatics System database, which includes prospectively collected person-level data regarding individuals visiting on-site posts at MGs in Belgium. MGs attended by >10 000 people and organised ≥5 times between 2009 and 2018 were included. We determined the proportion of patients in each triage category (‘first aid’ vs ‘medical condition’ vs ‘medical emergency’ vs ‘no treatment’) and each type of injury or medical complaint, and we calculated patient presentation rate (PPR) and transfer to hospital rate (TTHR).ResultsTwenty-eight MGs, totalling 194 events, were included involving 148 265 patient visits. ‘First aid’ was the most common triage category (80%, n=118 514). The need for a nurse/physician (‘medical condition’), and for the treatment of life-threatening conditions (‘medical emergency’) was rare (8.9%, n=13 052, and 0.6%, n=860, of all patient presentations, respectively), but remarkably higher during indoor electronic dance music (EDM) events (17.8% (n=26 391) and 4.0% (n=5930), of all patient presentations, respectively). ‘Skin wounds’ were the most common injury category (42.4%, n=62 275). ‘Respiratory problems’, ‘neurological problems’, ‘intoxication’, ‘heart complaints’ and ‘gastrointestinal complaints’ were more frequent during indoor (electronic) dance, whereas ‘burns’, ‘fracture/contusion’ and ‘skin wounds’ were higher during outdoor music, sports events and city festivals, respectively. PPR (per 10 000 attendees) was highest for outdoor EDM and outdoor music (median 130 (IQR 79) and 129 (IQR 104), respectively). TTHR (per 10 000 attendees) was highest for indoor EDM (median 4.4 (IQR 8.5)).ConclusionMedical usage rates, proportion of patients in triage and injury or medical complaint categories varied across different MG categories, suggesting opportunities for planning medical coverage at these events.
Quantitative effect of sex on disease activity and disability accumulation in multiple sclerosis
Authors: Magyari Melinda , Koch-Henriksen Nils 
Published: April 2022

ObjectiveTo quantify sex differences in activity and severity of multiple sclerosis (MS) and how it depends on disease duration and time since clinical onset.MethodsAll Danish citizens with onset of relapsing MS since 1996 who have received disease-modifying therapy have been followed with annual or biannual control visits with mandatory notification of the Danish Multiple Sclerosis Registry. Men and women were compared by the inverse probability of being female. Relapse rates and changes in the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) scores were analysed with weighted general linear models, and we used weighted Cox regression for HRs between men and women for different EDSS endpoints.ResultsWe included 3028 men and 6619 women. The weighted female:male relapse rate ratio was 1.16 (95% CI: 1.10 to 1.22) but after age 50 years, the difference disappeared. The annualised increase in EDSS was 0.07 in men (95% CI: 0.05 to 0.08) and 0.05 in women (95% CI: 0.04 to 0.06); p=0.017. With women as reference, the HR for reaching EDSS 4 was 1.34 (95% CI: 1.23 to 1.45; p<0.001), and for reaching EDSS 6 it was 1.43 (95% CI: 1.28 to 1.61; p<0.001). The diagnostic delay did not differ significantly between the sexes.ConclusionWomen have more inflammatory disease activity in terms of relapses than men up to the age of menopause indicating that sex hormones may play a role. Men are more subject to the neurodegenerative component of MS than women, particularly after the age of 45 years.
Innovative, centralised, multidisciplinary medicines optimisation clinic for PCSK9 inhibitors
Authors: Khatib Rani , Khan Mutiba , Barrowcliff Abigail , Ikongo Eunice , Burton Claire , Mansfield Michael , Hall Alistair 
Published: April 2022

BackgroundProprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitors (PCSK9is) are an important but underutilised option to help optimise lipid management. We developed a new service to improve patient access to these medicines in line with National Institute for Health and Care Excellence recommendations. This paper describes the model and provides lipid-lowering results and feedback from the first 100 referred patients.MethodsThe service is based on a centralised multidisciplinary clinic that is the sole prescriber of PCSK9i therapy in the area. Referred patients are assessed for eligibility and given tailored, person-centred support, education and monitoring to promote treatment adherence and lipids optimisation. The clinic also supports referred patients that do not meet PCSK9i eligibility criteria.ResultsAmong the first 100 patients referred (n=62 male; mean age: 62.9±10.5 years), 48 were initiated on PCSK9i therapy. Mean total cholesterol decreased from 7.7±1.6 mmol/L at baseline to 4.5±1.4 mmol/L at 3 months (41% reduction), while mean low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) fell from 5.0±1.6 mmol/L to 2.1±1.3 mmol/L (58% reduction; p<0.0001) and median LDL-C decreased from 4.8 mmol/L to 1.6 mmol/L (67% reduction) over the same period. These decreases were maintained at 12 months (45%, 65% and 67% reductions, respectively; p<0.0001 for the decrease in mean LDL-C from baseline). Patient feedback on the clinic was positive and overall satisfaction was high.ConclusionsThis innovative, person-centred, multidisciplinary service successfully initiated PCSK9i therapy for eligible patients and drove long-term monitoring, adherence and cholesterol lowering. It also provided medicines optimisation and adherence assistance to PCSK9i-ineligible patients. The model could be used in other areas to support better uptake and optimisation of PCSK9i therapy.