bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A “Blockchain” Synergy in Conductive Polymer‐Filled Metal–Organic Frameworks for Dendrite‐Free Li Plating/Stripping with High Coulombic Efficiency
Authors: Ma Yong , Wei Le , He Ying , Yuan Xuzhou , Su Yanhui , Gu Yuting , Li Xinjian , Zhao Xiaohui , Qin Yongze , Mu Qiaoqiao , Peng Yang , Sun Yang , Deng Zhao 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe performance of lithium‐metal batteries is severely hampered by uncontrollable dendrite growth and volume expansion on the metal anodes. Inspired by the “blockchain” concept in data mining, here we utilize a conductive polymer‐filled metal–organic framework (MOF) as the lithium host, in which polypyrrole (PPy) serves as the “chain” to interlink Li “blocks” stored in the MOF pores. While the N‐rich PPy guides fast Li+ infiltration/extrusion and serves as the nucleation sites for isotropic Li growth, the MOF pores compartmentalize bulk Li deposition for 3D matrix Li storage, leading to low‐barrier and dendrite‐free Li plating/stripping with superb Coulombic efficiency. The as‐fabricated lithium‐metal anodes operate over 700 cycles at 5 mA cm−2 in symmetric cells, and 800 cycles at 1 C in full cells with a per‐cycle capacity loss of only 0.017 %. This work might open a new chapter for Li‐metal anode construction by introducing the concept of “blockchain” management of Li plating/stripping.
Site‐Selective N‐1 and C‐3 Heteroarylation of Indole with Heteroarylnitriles by Organocatalysis under Visible Light
Authors: Zhou Chao , Gan Qi‐Chao , Zhou Tai‐Ping , Lei Tao , Ye Chen , He Xiao‐Jun , Chen Bin , Lu Heng , Wan Qian , Liao Rong‐Zhen , Tung Chen‐Ho , Wu Li‐Zhu 
Published: January 2022

AbstractSite‐selective N‐1 and C‐3 arylation of indole has been sought after because of the prevalent application of arylindoles and the intricate reactivities associated with the multiple sites of the N‐unsubstituted indole. Represented herein is the first regioselective heteroarylation of indole via a radical–radical cross‐coupling by visible‐light irradiation. Steady and time‐resolved spectroscopic and computational studies revealed that the hydrogen‐bonding interaction of organic base and its conjugated acid, namely with indole and heteroarylnitrile, determined the reaction pathway, which underwent either proton‐coupled electron‐transfer or energy‐transfer for the subsequent radical–radical cross‐coupling, leading to the regioselective formation of C‐3 and N‐1 heteroarylation of indoles, respectively. The parallel methodologies for regioisomeric N‐1 and C‐3 heteroaryl indoles with good functional group compatibility could be applied to large‐scale synthesis and late‐stage derivatization of bioactive compounds under extremely mild reaction conditions.
Demographics and exploitation of two Near Threatened freshwater eels, Anguilla bengalensis and Anguilla bicolor, in small‐scale subsistence fisheries and implications for conservation
Authors: Shanmughan Ashna , Dahanukar Neelesh , Harrison Andrew , Pinder Adrian C. , Ranjeet K. , Raghavan Rajeev 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Tropical freshwater eels (Anguilla bengalensis and Anguilla bicolor) contribute a major share of the world's wild‐caught eel production, having become the next major target owing to the declines in availability of both Anguilla japonica and Anguilla anguilla, species that have traditionally contributed to eel aquaculture and trade.
Although both A. bengalensis and A. bicolor are assessed as Near Threatened on the International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List, these assessments are primarily based on anecdotal information and local knowledge on population declines.
Demographics and exploitation levels of A. bengalensis and A. bicolor were determined from small coastal river systems, and their adjoining aquascapes in the Western Ghats hotspot of southern peninsular India, and the value of these data for future conservation planning discussed.
The computed estimates of annual catch data for freshwater eels from the study region are between 0.17 (A. bicolor) to 0.30 t (A. bengalensis). Virtual population analysis of exploitation showed a drastic decline (in number) in the length groups >45 cm for both species, suggesting that they were less likely to attain their asymptotic length in the region.
Current exploitation rates of A. bengalensis are unsustainable, and those for A. bicolor are almost close to reaching this level. Exploitation of all life stages from yellow eels to adults (29–171 cm) is likely to cause recruitment failure and significant mortality of spawning individuals of both species.
An integrative conservation approach, including raising awareness (leading to voluntary restrictions), fishing closures in reservoirs, village‐level quotas, and regular monitoring of populations, will ensure a sustainable future for the freshwater eel species in the Western Ghats hotspot, and elsewhere in the tropics where these species are exploited.
The selfish environment meets the selfish gene: Coevolution and inheritance of RNA and DNA pools
Authors: Monaco Anthony P. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThroughout evolution, there has been interaction and exchange between RNA pools in the environment, and DNA and RNA pools of eukaryotic organisms. Metagenomic and metatranscriptomic sequencing of invertebrate hosts and their microbiota has revealed a rich evolutionary history of RNA virus shuttling between species. Horizontal transfer adapted the RNA pool for successful future interactions which lead to zoonotic transmission and detrimental RNA viral pandemics like SARS‐CoV2. In eukaryotes, noncoding RNA (ncRNA) is an established mechanism derived from prokaryotes to defend against viral attack through innate immunity and regulation of host‐derived mRNA. Transgenerational inheritance of ncRNA is evidence for feedforward adaptive immunity and epigenetically encoded environmental change across generations, which may explain the ‘‘missing heritability’’ of common disease. Causal graph theory and the Price Equation can model epigenetic inheritance involving dynamic internal and external RNA pools. Experimental designs should include metatranscriptomic analyses to understand how ncRNA responds to rapidly changing environmental conditions, within and between organisms, and across generations.
Degradation of methylene blue using co‐dopants Mg and Se in an hydroxyapatite composite
Authors: El‐Naggar Mehrez E. , Abu Ali Ola A. , Saleh Dalia I. , Abu‐Saied M. A. , Ahmed M. K. , Abdel‐Fattah E. , Mansour S. F. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractIn this work, a comparative study was made of different magnesium ion content incorporated into hydroxyapatite (HAP) and modified with selenite ions, with the aim to develop the degradation performance of methylene blue. Although the dopant metal (Mg2+) was present at a relatively low ratio, it induced a change in the microstructure, morphology, surface area, external surface charge, particle size, and degradation performance. The effect of magnesium and selenium binary doping on microstructure and degradation of methylene blue was evaluated. The external surface charge measured by zeta potential clarified that the highest negativity was −11.8 mV and this was accomplished in 1.0 Mg/Se‐HAP. Furthermore, the roughness average increased from 36.8 nm, reaching 59.2 nm upon the addition of Mg(II). Moreover, transmission electron microscope micrographs showed that compositions were formed as rod shapes. The process of degradation was optimized, showing effectiveness in methylene blue degradation of 62.4% after 150 min of exposure to visible light. Electrostatic attraction and H‐bonding, and coordination played vital roles in the adsorption process. The recyclability of the as‐prepared compositions demonstrated that the effectiveness had been reduced to ~54.2% after five times of re‐use.
Curcumin‐embedded DBPC liposomes coated with chitosan layer as a fluorescence nanosensor for the selective detection of ribonucleic acid
Authors: Estephan Maria , El Kurdi Riham , Patra Digambara 
Published: January 2022

AbstractOne of the limitations of fluorescence probe molecules during biomedical estimation is their lack of ability to selectively determine the targeted species. To overcome this there have been various approaches that involve attaching a functional group or aptamers to the fluorescence probe. However, encapsulating probe molecules in a matrix using nanotechnology can be a viable and easier method. Curcumin (Cur) as a fluorescence marker cannot distinguish DNA and RNA. This research reports a novel selective approach involving the use of nanocapsules composed of liposomal curcumin coated with chitosan for the selective detection of RNA molecules using a fluorescence method. The increase in RNA concentration enhanced the electrostatic interaction between the negatively charge surface of RNA and the positively charged nanocapsule, which was further verified by zeta potential measurement. This method had a low limit of detection (36 ng/ml) and higher linear dynamic ranges compared with other studies found in the literature. Moreover, the method was not affected by DNA and was selective for the detection of RNA molecules for which the site of interaction was confined only to uracil. The selectivity for RNA molecules towards other analogues species was also examined and recovery range found was between 99 and 100.33%.
On‐chip magnetophoretic capture in a model of malaria‐infected red blood cells
Authors: Giacometti Marco , Monticelli Marco , Piola Marco , Milesi Francesca , Coppadoro Lorenzo P. , Giuliani Enrico , Jacchetti Emanuela , Raimondi Manuela T. , Ferrari Giorgio , Antinori Spinello , Fiore Gianfranco B. , Bertacco Riccardo 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe search for new rapid diagnostic tests for malaria is a priority for developing an efficient strategy to fight this endemic disease, which affects more than 3 billion people worldwide. In this study, we characterize systematically an easy‐to‐operate lab‐on‐chip, designed for the magnetophoretic capture of malaria‐infected red blood cells (RBCs). The method relies on the positive magnetic susceptibility of infected RBCs with respect to blood plasma. A matrix of nickel posts fabricated in a silicon chip placed face down is aimed at attracting infected cells, while healthy cells sediment on a glass slide under the action of gravity. Using a model of infected RBCs, that is, erythrocytes with methemoglobin, we obtained a capture efficiency of about 70% after 10 min in static conditions. By proper agitation, the capture efficiency reached 85% after just 5 min. Sample preparation requires only a 1:10 volume dilution of whole blood, previously treated with heparin, in a phosphate‐buffered solution. Nonspecific attraction of untreated RBCs was not observed in the same time interval.
Combining network pharmacology with chromatographic fingerprinting and multicomponent quantitative analysis for the quality evaluation of Astragali Radix
Authors: Li Xiaohuan , Guo Xinhua , Sha Miao , Gao Wenyuan , Li Xia 
Published: January 2022

AbstractNowadays, cultivated variants and adulterants of Astragali Radix (AR) have flooded the market, causing the quality assurance of AR to be challenging. To address this issue, we combined network pharmacology with chromatographic fingerprinting and multicomponent quantitative analysis for the quality evaluation of AR. Specifically, through network pharmacology, a complete understanding of the active components and pharmacological activities of AR was established. In addition, establishing fingerprint profiles and multicomponent quantitation by high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is convenient and comprehensive, and can more fully reflect the overall situation of the distribution of various chemical components. To evaluate and differentiate AR from different origins, hierarchical cluster analysis and principal component analysis were performed. The result showed that AR acts synergistically through multiple targets and pathways. The content of chemical components in AR from different origins varied significantly. Combining network pharmacology and multicomponent quantification results, astragaloside II and IV and formononetin can be used as quality markers for the quality control of AR. This study provides a comprehensive and reliable strategy for the quality evaluation of AR and identifies its quality markers to ensure the quality of the herb.
Rates and implications of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder among released offenders with mental disorder in Canada
Authors: Mela Mansfield , Wall Linnea , Buttinger Pam , DesRoches Andrea , Wrath Andrew J. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractFetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) is prevalent among individuals involved in the justice system. However, many of the characteristics of justice‐involved individuals with FASD remain unknown. We assessed patients in a forensic mental health hospital (n = 26) for FASD before their release. The two objectives were to establish the prevalence of FASD in this unique environment and to describe the mental health and neurocognitive characteristics of individuals with FASD compared to patients with complex needs and those without FASD. The prevalence of FASD was 46%. We found the FASD group to have more than six impaired brain domains, greater than the other groups, and a higher prevalence of ADHD. Given the high prevalence of FASD reported in this study, along with the complexities and adversities associated with FASD and criminal justice involvement, this is a population that requires screening, assessment, and intervention.
“Musical dish” efficiently induces osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells through music derived microstretch with variable frequency
Authors: He Qiulin , Lin Junxin , Zhou Fanghao , Cai Dandan , Yan Yiyang , Shan Yejie , Zhang Shufang , Li Tiefeng , Yao Xudong , Ouyang Hongwei 
Published: January 2022

AbstractNonuniform microstretching (NUMS) naturally occurs in real bone tissues in vivo, but its profound effects have not been identified yet. In order to explore the biological effects of NUMS and static stretch (uniform stretch [US]) on cells, a new “musical dish” device was developed. Musical signal was used to provide NUMS to cells. More stress fibers, arranging along the long axis of cells, were formed throughout the cells under NUMS, compared with US and untreated control group, although cell morphology did not show any alteration. Whole transcriptome sequencing revealed enhanced osteogenic differentiation of cells after NUMS treatment. Cells in the NUMS group showed a higher expression of bone‐related genes, while genes related to stemness and other lineages were down‐regulated. Our results give insights into the biological effects of NUMS and US on stem cell osteogenic differentiation, suggesting beneficial effects of micromechanical stimulus for osteogenesis. The newly developed device provides a basis for the development of NUMS derived rehabilitation technology to promote bone healing.
Classification of forensic hyperspectral paper data using hybrid spectral similarity algorithms
Authors:   Deepthi, Devassy Binu Melit , George Sony , Nussbaum Peter , Thomas Tessamma 
Published: January 2022

AbstractDocument forgeries that involve modification of the materials used, such as ink and paper, provide evidence of any malpractices being performed. Forensic specialists use different techniques to identify and classify these samples; however, the most preferred method is to use nondestructive techniques to avoid any potential damage to the original specimen under investigation. Hyperspectral imaging has already been explored in several application domains and used as a powerful method in forensic investigations to extract information about the materials under examination. To precisely classify the material information and utilize the hyperspectral imaging technique's potential, we probed the potential of some hybrid spectral similarity measures to classify different commonly used paper samples. A comparison of these methods is quantitatively presented in this article.
Effects of nanosilica on fine migration and location distribution of blockage at different pH and temperatures: Modelling and experimental studies
Authors: Madadizadeh Ali , Sadeghein Alireza , Riahi Siavash 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThere are a lot of fine particles in sandstone reservoirs that are not strongly bonded to the rock's surface. These fine particles move with the fluid flow and cause formation damage and facilities' erosion. An effective method for preventing fine migration is using nanoparticles (NPs). In this study, modelling and experimental methods were utilized to investigate NPs' effect on fine migration. The Derjaguin–Landau–Verwey–Overbeek (DLVO) theory was used to model NPs' effect on the stability of fines on the rock's surface. Long sand packs were utilized to study the silicon dioxide NPs' effect on fine migration and location distribution of blockage in experiments at different pH and temperatures. Modelling results showed that the presence of NPs reduces the zeta potential of fine surfaces from −27.6 and −35.6 mV to −1.8 and −6.7 mV at pH = 8 and pH = 12, respectively. Based on the DLVO theory, it was concluded that NPs increase the particles' stability on the rock's surface. The experimental results showed that although fine migration increases with an increase in pH and temperature, the presence of SiO2 decreases it by 58% and 38% at pH = 8 and 12, respectively. The results showed that the performance of NPs reduced with an increase in pH and temperature. It was shown that the presence of NPs influences the location distribution of pressure drop and leads to permeability being more homogeneous in porous media during low salinity water injection.
A new utility‐aware anonymization model for privacy preserving data publishing
Authors: Canbay Yavuz , Sagiroglu Seref , Vural Yilmaz 
Published: January 2022

AbstractMost of data in various forms contain sensitive information about individuals and so publishing such data might violate privacy. Privacy preserving data publishing (PPDP) is an essential for publishing useful data while preserving privacy. Anonymization, which is a utility based privacy preserving approach, helps hiding the identities of data subjects and also provides data utility. Since data utility is effective on the accuracy of analysis model, new anonymization algorithms to improve data utility are always required. Mondrian is one of the near‐optimal anonymization models that presents high data utility and is frequently used for PPDP. However, the upper bound problem of Mondrian causes a decrease in potential data utility. This article focuses on this problem and proposes a new utility‐aware anonymization model (u‐Mondrian). Experimental results have shown that u‐Mondrian presents an acceptable solution to the upper bound problem, increases total data utility and presents higher data utility than Mondrian for different partitioning strategies and datasets.
Intermediate disturbances drive long‐term fluctuation in old‐growth forest biomass: an 84‐yr temperate forest record
Authors: Woods Kerry D. , Kern Christel C. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractWhat are typical values and dynamic status of live‐tree biomass pools in old‐growth, mesic, cool temperate forests? A handful of biomass density estimates in eastern North American temperate forests show large biomass/carbon reserves on a per‐area basis. However, it is less clear whether these ecosystems are, over multi‐decade scales, typically steady‐state or non‐equilibrial carbon pools. Previous studies have suggested both possibilities, but claims are based on inferences from short‐term studies or proxy data sets. An unusually long‐term and extensive data set from repeatedly sampled permanent plots (84 yr, ca. 10 ha sample area, 6–8 measurements), from old‐growth conifer‐hardwood forest in northern Michigan, USA, allows direct estimation of multi‐decade trends in aboveground live‐tree biomass. Results confirm prior suggestions of high‐biomass density for old‐growth temperate forests (averaging >300 Mg/ha), but, despite significant decade‐scale variation, show no overall, long‐term directional change. Study plots typically show multi‐decade trends of gradually increasing biomass density, interrupted by sharp declines attributed to intermediate‐severity disturbances, with recovery of pre‐disturbance biomass density requiring upwards of a half‐century. At the stand scale, biomass dynamics are strongly historically contingent, and short‐term studies may yield biased or misleading results. Disturbance legacies, through demographic and structural effects, can have multi‐decade effects on vulnerability to further disturbance. While this study shows no general trend in aboveground biomass pools, it suggests that changes in disturbance regime may drive important feedbacks in biomass pool dynamics.
edna2021: The fourth annual meeting of The eDNA Society “Species distributions, and beyond”
Authors: Araki Hitoshi , Kanbe Takashi , Yamanaka Hiroki , Minegishi Yuki , Koizumi Noriyuki 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe eDNA Society was founded in Japan in 2018 to develop eDNA science as a discipline that contributes to the human well‐being and the sustainable use of ecosystems. Since then, the society has expanded attracting a wide variety of people from international universities, research institutes, consultant companies, and local/national governments. Here we report edna2021, the fourth annual meeting of The eDNA Society, which was held mainly online on November 20–21, 2021. We had c.a. 500 participants in total, from at least 15 countries. In the meeting, we discussed not only the technical aspects of environmental DNA but also its potential for various applications including its combinations with environmental RNA, sediment core samples, population genetic analyses, etc.
Lithium Nitropyrazolates as Potential Red Pyrotechnic Colorants
Authors: Dufter‐Münster Alicia M. W. , Harter Alexander G. , Klapötke Thomas M. , Reinhardt Elena , Römer Julia , Stierstorfer Jörg 
Published: January 2022

AbstractStrontium‐based red pyrotechnic colorants have fallen into disrepute due to the harmful influence of this alkaline earth metal on adolescents. In this context, the energetic character, safety, and combustion to benign nitrogen gas of nitropyrazoles are used for the design of the corresponding lithiated materials, which are investigated as potential replacements in the current work. For this purpose, the lithium salts of 3,4‐dinitro‐1H‐pyrazole, 3,5‐dinitro‐1H‐pyrazole, 4‐amino‐3,5‐dinitro‐1H‐pyrazole, 3,4,5‐trinitro‐1H‐pyrazole, and 4‐hydroxy‐3,5‐dinitro‐1H‐pyrazole were extensively characterized by standard analytical methods, low‐temperature single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction, studies of the thermo‐chemical behavior, and sensitivity assessments. Our assumption that the high nitrogen contents and the low oxygen balances of these compounds would adjust a cool, reductive flame atmosphere essential for red emissions by lithium was put to the test.