bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Towards a comprehensive evaluation of dimension reduction methods for transcriptomic data visualization
Authors: Huang Haiyang , Wang Yingfan , Rudin Cynthia , Browne Edward P. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDimension reduction (DR) algorithms project data from high dimensions to lower dimensions to enable visualization of interesting high-dimensional structure. DR algorithms are widely used for analysis of single-cell transcriptomic data. Despite widespread use of DR algorithms such as t-SNE and UMAP, these algorithms have characteristics that lead to lack of trust: they do not preserve important aspects of high-dimensional structure and are sensitive to arbitrary user choices. Given the importance of gaining insights from DR, DR methods should be evaluated carefully before trusting their results. In this paper, we introduce and perform a systematic evaluation of popular DR methods, including t-SNE, art-SNE, UMAP, PaCMAP, TriMap and ForceAtlas2. Our evaluation considers five components: preservation of local structure, preservation of global structure, sensitivity to parameter choices, sensitivity to preprocessing choices, and computational efficiency. This evaluation can help us to choose DR tools that align with the scientific goals of the user.
A user cache management and cooperative transmission mechanism based on edge community computing in opportunistic social networks
Authors: Xiong Wangping , Chen Hao , Jiao Ying , Yang Ming , Zhou Xian , Wu Jia 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWith the advent of the 5G era, people's demand for information and bandwidth is increasing. The signal source will mainly be high‐frequency radio waves with high bandwidth. However, the coverage of high‐frequency radio waves is very limited, which leads to the emergence of micro base stations. Opportunistic social networks are just suitable for this new transmission method, it is easy for users to simultaneously request content with high popularity in a short time, which will cause a heavy load on the micro base station and a high transmission delay. This paper establishes the community mechanism and proposes a user cache management and cooperative transmission mechanism (CMCT) based on edge community computing by using the predictability of users' requests for popular content. The free user equipment space is used to manage cache distribution through the edge community computing to perform cooperative transmission, thereby reducing the content delivery delay and the load of the micro base station. Simulation experiments show that the CMCT algorithm can reduce end‐to‐end delay and overhead, and improve data transmission efficiency.
Non‐destructive thermal ageing evaluation of P(VDF‐HFP) film based on broadband dielectric response
Authors: Wang Qian , Wu Chao , Gao Yanfeng , Liu Shuming , Liu Shuqi , Zuo Zhou , Liang Xidong 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCapacitors and sensors based on polymer dielectric materials are key components in electrical systems and electronic devices. Considering the temperature rise during operation, an effective evaluation method for the thermal ageing of polymer matrix is urgently needed. P(VDF‐HFP) film with a thickness of 20 μm is manufactured by solution casting and a thermal ageing experiment up to 1000 h is conducted. Dielectric responses of wide ranges of temperatures and frequencies are measured for samples with different ageing durations. The universal relaxation law and Dissado–Hill dielectric response model are applied to further investigate the results. The characteristics of individual processes are obtained, which demonstrate that the main chain relaxation following the Vogel−Fulcher−Tammann equation and side chain relaxation following the Arrhenius equation both remain unchanged after thermal ageing. However, the activation energies of those two processes change significantly during the process and show different variation trends. The activation energy of the side chain relaxation gets larger monotonically due to the influence of annealing and the breaking of crystalline region. As a result, a non‐destructive evaluation method for the thermal ageing of P(VDF‐HFP) is proposed accordingly.
Thoracic Outlet Syndrome after Minimally Invasive Repair of Pectus Excavatum in a 15-Year-Old Boy: A Case Report
Authors: Fernandes Sara , Soares-Aquino Carolina , Monteiro Joana , Estevinho Norberto , Borges-Dias Mariana 
Published: July 2022

AbstractNuss procedure has become the treatment of choice in pectus excavatum mainly because of the excellent functional and cosmetic results. Despite the good results, several complications have been reported. The aim of this study is to describe a case of thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) after Nuss procedure and review the management of such rare complication. A 15-year-old boy otherwise healthy was submitted to Nuss procedure, with no perioperative complications. Two-weeks later, the patient complained of right-hand paresthesia, progressive weakness of the right arm and coldness. After imaging and electromyography, TOS diagnosis was established. Removal of the bar was proposed but refused by the patient. Conservative management with rehabilitation exercising and nerve nourishing was initiated. At 7 months, the patient recovered arm and hand function. Abrupt structural changes of thoracic cavity with marked elevation of the upper chest induce nerve and vascular compression arousing a TOS and should be acknowledged as one potential complication of Nuss procedure. Conservative management can be an alternative treatment to bar removal, showing good results on functional recovery in early stages of compression.
Assessing the Knowledge of Sick-Day Rules Among Patients on Long-Term Glucocorticoids and Healthcare Professionals in a UK District General Hospital
Authors: Alam Muhammad Masoud , Tariq Mohammad , Bondugulapati L. N. Rao , Pasha Mohammed Afraz , Bashir Jawad , Hassan Usman , Awan Tufail Ahmad 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Introduction Adrenal insufficiency can happen because of decreased cortisol production as a result of negative feedback on the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis, caused by excess exogenous glucocorticoids (GC). The most common cause of adrenal insufficiency is, in fact, abrupt stoppage of exogenous GC. Patients with adrenal insufficiency are at risk of developing life-threatening adrenal crisis if GC is reduced or stopped abruptly, or if GC dose is not increased during periods of increased stress.The adrenal crises should be preventable with education of patients and healthcare professionals (HCPs) about “sick-day” rules, the importance of “steroid cards,” and the utility of parenteral steroids.
Methods This study was aimed at assessing the knowledge of sick-day rules in patients on long-term GC as well as HCPs.Patients aged above 18 years on long-term GC presenting to the endocrinology clinic over 6 weeks were included after audit-committee approval.
Results We assessed 18 consecutive patients in total, 61% (11/18) of whom said that they have received information about sick-day rules from an HCP. Only 38% (7/18) had access to emergency hydrocortisone-kit.We assessed 36 HCPs. Thirty-six (13/36) percent were aware of steroid emergency card and 50% (18/36) HCPs exhibited awareness regarding steroid dose during acute event and 27% of (10/36) HCPs were aware of accessible hospital intranet resources.
Conclusion This study revealed significant lack of awareness of sick-day rules among patients and HCPs alike. Majority of patients failed to carry steroid emergency card or medic alert bracelet and majority of HCPs and patients lacked knowledge of sick-day rules.
Effects of Moderate Intensity Aerobic Exercise to FSTL-1 Regulation in Atherosclerosis: A Systematic Review
Authors: Damay Vito Anggarino , Setiawan Setiawan , Lesmana Ronny , Akbar Muhammad Rizki , Lukito Antonia Anna 
Published: July 2022

AbstractModerate intensity exercise is considered as a primary step to prevent coronary artery diseases (CADs) by stimulated FSTL-1 secretion as a novel myokines to improve endothelial cell function, prevent arterial stiffness, or vascular inflammation. This review aims to provide the current evident role of FSTL-1 as a novel myokine secreted during exercise to prevent atherosclerosis progression. A systematic review using databases from (PubMed), ScienceDirect, and The Cochrane Library, was conducted up to October 2021 to identify all the eligible experimental and observational studies that assess how moderate intensity exercises stimulate FSTL-1 secretion to prevent atherosclerosis. Results were described through narrative synthesis of the evidence. From 84 retrieved references, 15 studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in this review. The overall results suggest that exercise or physical activity can stimulate myokines secretion, especially in FSTL-1. FSTL-1 is a myokine or adipokine that plays a potential role in preventing atherosclerosis by various mechanisms such as via improvement of endothelial functions, suppression of smooth muscle cells (SMCs) proliferation, and reduction of arterial thickening. FSTL-1 is a relatively new and less known myokine, but probably holds a key role in assessing how moderate intensity aerobic exercise prevents atherosclerosis progression by preventing endothelial dysfunction, arterial stiffness, or vascular inflammation.
Nomogram for the Estimation of Intestinal Necrosis Risk in Incarcerated Inguinal Hernia in Infants under 6 Months
Authors: Chen Pengfei , Xiong Haiyi , Cui Mengying , Cao Jian , Hou Jinfeng , Liu Wei 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Objective This article develops a nomogram to estimate intestinal necrosis risk in the incarcerated inguinal hernia (IIH) in infants under 6 months.
Methods A total of 273 infants who underwent an emergency operation due to IIH were investigated retrospectively. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to analyze the relationship between variables and intestinal necrosis and construct a nomogram of intestinal necrosis. The discrimination and concordance of the model were verified by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis and calibration curve, and the bootstrap method was used for internal validation of the model. The clinical applicability of the model was evaluated using the decision curve and the clinical impact curve.
Results Intestinal necrosis was found in 37 of 273 infants (13.6%) in this study. The vomiting symptoms, platelet count, C-reactive protein, and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio were independent risk factors for intestinal necrosis in IIH. We then constructed a nomogram with these four factors. ROC analysis showed that the nomogram had a good diagnostic performance, with the area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, and specificity of 0.918 (95% confidence interval: 0.880–0.956), 97.3%, and 69.9%, respectively. The nomogram was further validated using 2,000-repetition internal bootstrap validation, and the values of AUC, sensitivity, and specificity were 0.899, 95.7%, and 50.5%, respectively. The decision curve and the clinical impact curve indicated that the predictive model has a favorable clinical application.
Conclusion The nomogram can be used to predict intestinal necrosis in IIH, and allow us to estimate the severity of IIH more accurately and arrange the treatment process more reasonably.
Ultrasound-guided Glossopharyngeal Nerve Block—A New Paradigm in Pain Management
Authors: Yadav Mukesh K. , Pulappadi Vishnu Prasad , Singh Vikram Pratap , Bharati Sachidanand J. , Bagga Barun 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWe report eight cases of oropharyngeal carcinoma in which ultrasound-guided percutaneous distal glossopharyngeal nerve (GPN) block was performed for pain relief. Mean age of the patients was 52 ± 11.5 [SD] years and median baseline pain score was 7 (IQR, 5–8). Under ultrasound guidance, mixture of ropivacaine and dexamethasone was injected into parapharyngeal space. Pain reduced after four weeks in all patients (median [IQR], 4 [2.5–5]). Median quality of life score improved as compared with baseline in physical health (63 [44–69] vs 50 [44–63]) and psychological domains (56 [56–63] vs 50 [50–63]), reduced in social relationships domain (31 [19–44] vs 44 [31–44]), remained same in environment domain (56 [44–69] vs 56 [56–56]). Seven patients showed improvement on Patients' Global Impression of Change scale, while six showed improvement on Clinical Global Impressions scale. These early results show that ultrasound guided distal GPN block can reduce pain intensity in oropharyngeal carcinoma patients.
Preparing and comparing subtitles for quasi-experimental and experimental research in audiovisual translation
studies
Authors: Van Hoecke Senne M. , Schrijver Iris , Robert Isabelle S. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Empirical research on cognitive processing in AVT has been on the rise in recent years. A number of overarching
works have recommended more standardised approaches and methodological frameworks to contribute to more streamlined, replicable,
reproducible and valid future AVT research. To date, the issue of comparability of research materials (e.g., clips, subtitle
tracks, comprehension questionnaires) and, more specifically, how to achieve comparability in quasi-experimental and experimental
studies, particularly those involving repeated measures, has received little attention. This paper aims to address this knowledge
gap by proposing a common-sense ten-step preparatory process for quasi-experimental and experimental subtitling studies. This
preparatory process has previously been used in the S4AE project. The paper will focus on the final four steps, consisting of the
preparation and comparison of multiple subtitle tracks. These steps were conceptualized taking into account the present research
on subtitle parameters and the obstacles encountered while preparing comparable subtitle tracks.
Wave solutions and numerical validation for the coupled reaction-advection-diffusion dynamical model in a porous medium
Authors: Mubaraki Ali M , Kim Hwajoon , Nuruddeen R I , Akram Urooj , Akbar Yasir 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The current study examines the special class of a generalized reaction-advection-diffusion dynamical model that is called the system of coupled Burger’s equations. This system plays a vital role in the essential areas of physics, including fluid dynamics and acoustics. Moreover, two promising analytical integration schemes are employed for the study; in addition to the deployment of an efficient variant of the eminent Adomian decomposition method. Three sets of analytical wave solutions are revealed, including exponential, periodic, and dark-singular wave solutions; while an amazed rapidly convergent approximate solution is acquired on the other hand. At the end, certain graphical illustrations and tables are provided to support the reported analytical and numerical results. No doubt, the present study is set to bridge the existing gap between the analytical and numerical approaches with regard to the solution validity of various models of mathematical physics.
Bethe states on a quantum computer: success probability and correlation functions
Authors: Li Wen , Okyay Mert , Nepomechie Rafael I 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
A probabilistic algorithm for preparing Bethe eigenstates of the spin-1/2 Heisenberg spin chain on a quantum computer has recently been found. We derive an exact formula for the success probability of this algorithm in terms of the Gaudin determinant, and we study its large-length limit. We demonstrate the feasibility of computing antiferromagnetic ground-state spin–spin correlation functions for short chains. However, the success probability decreases exponentially with the chain length, which precludes the computation of these correlation functions for chains of moderate length. Some conjectures for estimates of the Gaudin determinant are noted in an appendix.
High-fidelity multiqubit Rydberg gates via two-photon adiabatic rapid passage
Authors: Pelegrí G , Daley A J , Pritchard J D 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
We present a robust protocol for implementing high-fidelity multiqubit controlled phase gates (C

k

Z) on neutral atom qubits coupled to highly excited Rydberg states. Our approach is based on extending adiabatic rapid passage to two-photon excitation via a short-lived intermediate excited state common to alkali-atom Rydberg experiments, accounting for the full impact of spontaneous decay and differential AC Stark shifts from the complete manifold of hyperfine excited states. We evaluate and optimise gate performance, concluding that for Cs and currently available laser frequencies and powers, a CCZ gate with fidelity

F
>
0.995

for three qubits and CCCZ with

F
>
0.99

for four qubits is attainable in

∼
1.8

μs via this protocol. Higher fidelities are accessible with future technologies, and our results highlight the utility of neutral atom arrays for the native implementation of multiqubit unitaries.
Cancer-on-chip technology: current applications in major cancer types, challenges and future prospects
Authors: Baka Zakaria , Stiefel Marie , Figarol Agathe , Godier Claire , Mallick Abhik , Joubert Olivier , Ashammakhi Nureddin , Gaffet Eric , Alem Halima 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Conventional 2D cell cultures are widely used for the development of new anticancer drugs. However, their relevance as in vitro models is increasingly questioned as they are considered too simplistic compared to complex, three-dimensional in vivo tumors. Moreover, animal experiments are not only costly and time-consuming, but also raise ethical issues and their use for some applications has been restricted. Therefore, it becomes crucial to develop new experimental models that better capture the complexity and dynamic aspects of in vivo tumors. New approaches based on microfluidic technology are promising. This technology has indeed been used to create microphysiological systems called ‘organ-on-chip’ which simulate key structural and functional features of human tissues and organs. These devices have further been adapted to create cancer models giving rise to the ‘cancer-on-chip’ (COC) concept. In this review, we will discuss the main COC models described so far for major cancer types including lung, prostate, breast, colorectal, pancreatic, and ovarian cancers. Then, we will highlight the challenges that this technology is facing and the possible research perspectives that can arise from them.
Specialization Morphisms
Authors: Gaisin Ildar , Welliaveetil John 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
We define the notion of a specialization morphism from a locally noetherian analytic adic space to a scheme. This captures the (classical) specialization morphism associated with a formal scheme. There is a well-behaved theory of compactifications and it turns out that the classical specialization morphism is proper in this setup. As an application, we show that the nearby cycles functor commutes with lower shriek in great generality.
Predicting ribeye area and circularity in live calves through 3D image analyses of body surface
Authors: Caffarini Joseph G , Bresolin Tiago , Dorea Joao R R 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The use of sexed semen at dairy farms has improved heifer replacement over the last decade by allowing greater control over the number of retained females and enabling the selection of dams with superior genetics. Alternatively, beef semen can be used in genetically inferior dairy cows to produce crossbred (beef x dairy) animals that can be sold at a higher price. Although crossbreeding became profitable for dairy farmers, meat cuts from beef x dairy crosses often lack quality and shape uniformity. Technologies for quickly predicting carcass traits for animal grouping before harvest may improve meat cut uniformity in crossbred cattle. Our objective was to develop a deep learning approach for predicting ribeye area and circularity of live animals through 3D body surface images using two neural networks: 1) nested Pyramid Scene Parsing Network (nPSPNet) for extracting features and 2) Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) for estimating ribeye area and circularity from these features. A group of 56 calves were imaged using an Intel RealSense D435 camera. A total of 327 depth images were captured from 30 calves and labeled with masks outlining the calf body to train the nPSPNet for feature extraction. Additional 42,536 depth images were taken from the remaining 26 calves along with three ultrasound images collected for each calf from the 12/13th ribs. The ultrasound images (three by calf) were manually segmented to calculate the average ribeye area and circularity and then paired with the depth images for CNN training. We implemented a nested cross-validation approach, in which all images for one calf were removed (leave-one-out, LOO), and the remaining calves were further divided into training (70%) and validation (30%) sets within each LOO iteration. The proposed model predicted ribeye area with an average coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.74% and 7.3% mean absolute error of prediction (MAEP) and the ribeye circularity with an average R2 of 0.87% and 2.4% MAEP. Our results indicate that computer vision systems could be used to predict ribeye area and circularity in live animals, allowing optimal management decisions toward smart animal grouping in beef x dairy crosses and purebred.
Diversity of Sooty Blotch and Flyspeck Fungi on Cider Apples in Spain
Authors: Batzer Jean Carlson , Prado Marcos Miñarro , Svendsen Jennifer M. , Gleason Mark L. 
Published: July 2022

Fungi in the sooty blotch and flyspeck (SBFS) complex blemish fruit and reduce the market value of fresh-market apples. In 2010, apples were collected from 16 orchards in northern Spain that had received few to no fungicide sprays. SBFS colonies with the subtending cuticle were excised, pressed, and shipped to Ames, Iowa, United States, for isolation. A total of 213 sequences were aligned after a portion of the rRNA was amplified with primer pair VG9/LR5, and two regions were sequenced with primer pairs ITS1/ITS4 and LROR/LR5. Distance and parsimony analyses of the 28S gene sequences were used to compare the collection with previously isolated SBFS species. Most isolates (89%) were within the subclass Dothideomycetes, order Capnodiales. Within this order, the predominant genus was Schizothyrium (anamorph Zygophiala) (86 isolates), including S. pomi, Z. cryptogama, Z. cylindrica, and two previously undescribed putative species. Also widely prevalent were Microcyclosporella mali (45 isolates), four Microcyclospora spp. (36 isolates), and four Stomiopeltis-like putative species (34 isolates). Seven isolates were within the Eurotiomycetes. Twenty-five putative species were delineated using the ITS sequences and morphological characterization. These included 11 species previously named and reported as members of the SBFS complex, two putative SBFS species that were previously reported but have not yet been described, and 12 newly detected putative SBFS species. The findings add substantially to knowledge of the taxonomic diversity of this ectophytic fungal assemblage in Europe. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2022 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license .