bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effective Thermal Conductivity Model of Micron Hollow Sphere or Phase Change Material/Opacifier-SiO2 Aerogel Composites
Authors: Pang Hao-Qiang , Fan Ting-Hui , Zhang Sheng-Nan , Gao Yan-Feng 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Pure SiO2 aerogel has a strong light transmittance in the infrared wavebands from 3.0 to 8.0 μm, and an opacifier could efficiently reduce aerogel's radiative thermal conductivity (λr), especially at high temperatures (&gt;400 K). Consequently, the λr of different core/shell structured opacifiers is proposed, including micron hollow sphere opacifier (MHSOP), i.e., hollow carbon black/SiC/TiO2, and phase change material (PCM)/opacifier, i.e., VO2/SiO2, and Ge2Sb2Te5/SiC; further, their conductive λ model has also been established. The results showed that MHSOP could reduce MHSOPs-SiO2 aerogel composite's λ compared to traditional solid structure opacifiers; the effect of MHSOPs with a certain core–shell ratio on suppressing thermal radiation is equivalent to their solid structure opacifier at high-temperature. Adding SiC MHSOPs reduces aerogel composites' weight and thermal conductivity by 42.19 and 26.29%, while the shading effect of a core–shell ratio of over 0.75 is equivalent to the solid structure. Specifically, rutile-phased VO2/SiO2's λr is smaller than TiO2 MHOSP, and crystalline Ge2Sb2Te5/SiC doped aerogel exhibits good thermal insulation. The proposed micron hollow sphere opacifier and PCM/opacifier provide a novelty, lightweight, and high-efficiency method to restrain aerogel's infrared radiation and improve insulation performance at high temperatures.
Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer Characteristics of the Full-Scale Infrared Suppression Device With the Louvered Conical Funnels Considering Surface Radiation: A Three-Dimensional Numerical Analysis
Authors: Mukherjee Arnab , Chadrakar Vikrant , Senapati Jnana Ranjan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe current analysis examines the thermofluid properties of an infrared suppression (IRS) system with louvered conical diathermic funnel walls in the presence of surface radiation. An IRS device's flow and heat transfer characteristics are challenging because cold atmospheric air is entrained through the interfunnel openings into the IRS and mixes hot exhaust gas from the turbine in naval/cargo ships. The full Navier–Stokes equation is solved along with the energy equation and radiative transfer equation (where applicable) for modeling a three-dimensional actual-scale IRS device with louvered conical funnel walls. This study elucidates the influence of the Reynolds number (6.1×105 to 3.18×106) nozzle overlapping, inclination angle, funnel overlapping, and guide vanes on the air intake and system exit temperature. The calculation of the lock-on range on the ship with or without the IRS device. The performance of a diathermic wall with surface radiation is significantly improved.
Probes for Contemporary Measurement of Thermal Conductivity, Thermal Diffusivity, and Convection Heat Transfer
Authors: Corasaniti S. , Coppa P. , Potenza M. , Bovesecchi G. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Four probes for measuring thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity, and convection heat transfer coefficient were designed, built, and tested. In two of these probes (SP-1 and SP-2), three thermocouples were placed at 25%, 50%, and 75% of the total length of 150 mm, while the third probe (SP-3) has the three thermocouples at 10%, 50%, and 90%. The fourth probe (DP-1) is a dual-probe, to measure thermal diffusivity using the pulse method. First results show good performance of the devices when measuring a reference material (glycerol). In fact, an accuracy of about ±5% was achieved in both thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity measurements. The size of the probes (length 150 mm, diameter 2 mm) makes them particularly suitable for measuring the thermophysical properties of bulk materials, such as soils, composites, buildings walls, etc. Thanks to the presence of three thermocouples, convection can be studied so that also the boundary layer can also be evaluated.
Biologic: H-Bot Kinematics Based Multi-Micro-Extrusion Bioprinter
Authors: Aydin Levent , Karatoprak Ayfer Peker , Kucuk Serdar 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Three-dimensional bioprinting offers a novel strategy to create large-scale complex tissue models. Nowadays, layer by layer fabrication is used to create patient specific tissue substitutes. However, commercially available bioprinters cannot be widely used especially in small research facilities due to their high cost, and may not be suitable for bioprinting of complex tissue models. Besides, most of the systems are not capable of providing the required working conditions. The aim of this study is to design and assemble of a low-cost H-Bot based bioprinter that allows multimicro-extrusion to form complex tissue models in a closed cabin and sterile conditions. In this study, a micro-extrusion based bioprinter, Bio-Logic, with three different print heads, namely, Universal Micro-Extrusion Module (UMM), Multi-Micro-Extrusion Module (MMM), and Ergonomic Multi-Extrusion Module (EMM) were developed. The print heads were tested and scaffold models were bioprinted and analyzed. Bio-Logic was compared in price with the commercially available bioprinters. Scaffold fabrication was successfully performed with Bio-Logic. The average pore size of the scaffold was determined as 0.37±0.04 mm (n = 20). Total cost of Bio-Logic was considerably less than any other commercially available bioprinters. A new system is developed for bioprinting of complex tissue models. The cost of the system is appropriate for research and features of the device may be upgraded according to the needs. Bio-Logic is the first H-Bot kinematics based bioprinter and has ability to measure atmospheric conditions in a closed cabin.
A Comprehensive Review on the Novel Principles, Development and Applications of Triboelectric Nanogenerators
Authors: Hurdoganoglu Dogus , Safaei Babak , Cheng Jia , Qin Zhaoye , Sahmani Saeid 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe major aim of this study is to provide a broad review of the fundamental ideas, progress, and utilization of triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs). The modes and operations of numerous triboelectric nanogenerator configurations along with applications and materials are also discussed. Triboelectric nanogenerators, a ground-breaking power production technology, were unveiled in 2012 and classified as one of the most effective generators to convert unused mechanical energy into electrical energy to run a wide range of devices. Triboelectric nanogenerators have made significant progress since the creation of this novel power-generation technology. The operating principles of various modes, such as freestanding triboelectric-layer, single-electrode, lateral sliding, and vertical contact-separation have also been carefully investigated in order to give readers a deeper understanding of the technology. The key applications of TENGs, such as high voltage power supply, blue energy, self-power sensors, and micro/nano-energy, are also described in this work along with concepts for further research. As a result, triboelectric nanogenerators are very important and attractive technology with advantages of low cost, straightforward construction, simple fabrication, high efficiency, and relatively high output performance. Wide range of material choice allows researchers to use the technology in many configurations with multiple applications. Numerous scientific modeling and analysis are also reviewed for a more solid understanding of this revolutionary and unique technology.
Verifiable Improvements of Finite Element Stresses at Three-Dimensional Stress Concentrations
Authors: Beisheim J. R. , Sinclair G. B. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
While current computational capability has led to finite element analysis becoming the predominant means of assessing three-dimensional stress concentrations, there are nonetheless some three-dimensional configurations where the desired level of accuracy of stresses is not realized on the finest mesh used. Here, we offer some simple means of improving the accuracy of finite element stresses for such configurations, and doing so with modest increases in computational effort. These improved stresses are obtained by using an adaptation of Richardson extrapolation on original mesh results, and also on mesh results with a reduced mesh refinement factor. Verification of the improvements is undertaken using the convergence checks and error estimates reported earlier. The approach is applied to nine three-dimensional test problems. Finite element analysis of these test problems leads to eleven stresses on the finest meshes used that could benefit from being improved. The extrapolation procedure in conjunction with the reduced refinement factor improved all eleven stresses. Error estimates confirmed these improvements for all eleven.
Analysis of the Experimental Data of Slamming Loads on a Liquefied Natural Gas Carrier in Abnormal Waves
Authors: Wang Shan , Guedes Soares C. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The objective of the paper is to identify slamming characteristics of ships in abnormal waves by analyzing the experimental slamming loads for a liquefied natural gas (LNG) carrier from the model tests of the ship, which were conducted at the Ocean Engineering Division of the Technical University Berlin at a model scale of 1:70. To validate the experiments, the numerical results from a time domain nonlinear strip theory code are compared with the measurement of the ship motions and vertical bending moment amidships of the LNG carrier in the New Year wave. The time series of the slamming pressures on different locations (on the bow and stern) obtained in the experiments are analyzed and discussed by studying the peaks using the analytical distribution models, namely, Weibull distribution, generalized extreme value distribution, and the Gumbel distribution. The extreme values of the pressure peaks obtained using the three distribution models are compared. Discussion is also provided for the results with two different Froude numbers in order to check the effects of the ship speed on the phenomenon.
Contact Stress-Induced Wear Mechanism Transitions of PcBN/Al2O3 Under Vacuum and Air Conditions
Authors: Li Yi , Meng Dezhong , Wu Zhe , She Dingshun , Kang Jiajie , Yue Wen 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Since the millennium, incremental breakthroughs in aerospace have attracted widespread attention from countries around the world on deep space exploration. Technological innovations in ceramic and superhard materials have also played a key role in deep space exploration. Inspired by this, a tribological ball-disk experiment of polycrystalline cubic boron nitride (PcBN) sliding against aluminum oxide (Al2O3) was implemented in air and vacuum conditions, in order to evaluate the friction and wear properties of PcBN based on drilling in the deep space environment. The results prove that the coefficient of friction (CoF) is interrelated with load and wear conditions, where CoFs gradually decrease with load growth in both air and vacuum. When the loads keep increasing, however, the wear mechanisms finally change under the high Hertz contact stress and lead to the CoF lift. Detailed characterizations were made to verify the tribological behaviors of the microscopic surface and chemical composition. Finally, by analyzing the surface topographies and chemical residues, it is certain that the wear mechanisms change due to the high Hertz contact stress. As a result, abrasive wear and adhesive wear turn to furrow wear in air and three-body wear in vacuum. These results can influence actual work in deep space by reducing large stress loads to avoid the impact of severe vibrations on precision instruments during work and improving cutting removal efficiency by selecting the appropriate loading.
Nondestructive Method for Testing Elasticity of Walls of Human Veins and Arteries
Authors: Davydov V. V. , Porfir’eva E. V. , Davydov R. V. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Methods of testing the elasticity of walls of human veins and arteries are considered. The problems that arise when using them are noted. The necessity of developing nondestructive methods for testing the elasticity of the walls of human veins and arteries is substantiated. A technique for monitoring changes in their elasticity using noninvasive methods of pulse wave recording is proposed. The results of comparing data on changes in the elasticity of the walls of veins and arteries obtained using various methods of pulse wave recording and invasive methods are presented. The advantages and disadvantages of the proposed technique using various pulse waves are noted.
Estimation of Structural Degradation of the Heat Affected Zone of the Welded Joint Under Fatigue
Authors: Gonchar A. V. , Anosov M. S. , Ryabov D. A. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
We consider the features of using modern nondestructive methods for assessing structural degradation in the process of elastic-plastic cyclic loading of normalizing (average grain size 10 μm) and overheating (average grain size 45 μm) zones of the heat affected zone of St3 steel. In this case, the approaches of digital image processing of microstructures, fractal analysis, and ultrasonic and magnetic testing were used. The features of the stages of degradation of the structure under fatigue and the corresponding behavior of the numerical microstructure parameters such as fractal dimension and the concentration and fraction of defects and slip bands are analyzed, as well as changes in the elastic properties of the material under study (determining an acoustic parameter that takes into account the complex change in the velocities of longitudinal and transverse waves) and the coercive force. It has been established that cyclic loading of samples from the sections of the heat affected zone leads to the formation of a large number of structural defects in the form of deformation bands, discontinuities, and microcracks, the occurrence of which is accompanied by a considerable change in the numerical microstructure characteristics (a decrease in the value of fractal dimension) as well as elastic (a decrease in the values of acoustic parameters) and magnetic (an increase in coercive force) properties. It is also shown that cyclic loading of the material under study leads to an increase in microhardness. However, the nature of such an increase for overheating and normalizing zones is different. The results of the research can be applied to the problems of diagnosing premature destruction and monitoring the most loaded zones of St3 steel structures to determine the residual resource.
Relationship among genetic variants, obesity traits and asthma in the Taiwan Biobank
Authors: Huang Ying-Jhen , Chu Yi-Chi , Chen Chia-Wei , Yang Hsin-Chou , Huang Hung-Ling , Hwang Jing-Shiang , Chen Chun-Houh , Chan Ta-Chien 
Published: December 2022

Background and objectiveObesity and asthma impose a heavy health and economic burden on millions of people around the world. The complex interaction between genetic traits and phenotypes caused the mechanism between obesity and asthma is still vague. This study investigates the relationship among obesity-related polygenic risk score (PRS), obesity phenotypes and the risk of having asthma.MethodsThis is a matched case–control study, with 4 controls (8288 non-asthmatic) for each case (2072 asthmatic). Data were obtained from the 2008–2015 Taiwan Biobank Database and linked to the 2000–2016 National Health Insurance Research Database. All participants were ≥30 years old with no history of cancer and had a complete questionnaire, as well as physical examination, genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphisms and clinical diagnosis data. Environmental exposure, PM2.5, was also considered. Multivariate adjusted ORs and 95% CIs were calculated using conditional logistic regression stratified by age and sex. Mediation analysis was also assessed, using a generalised linear model.ResultsWe found that the obese phenotype was associated with significantly increased odds of asthma by approximately 26%. Four obesity-related PRS, including body mass index (OR=1.07 (1.01–1.13)), waist circumference (OR=1.10 (1.04–1.17)), central obesity as defined by waist-to-height ratio (OR=1.09 (1.03–1.15)) and general–central obesity (OR=1.06 (1.00–1.12)), were associated with increased odds of asthma. Additional independent risk factors for asthma included lower educational level, family history of asthma, certain chronic diseases and increased PM2.5exposure. Obesity-related PRS is an indirect risk factor for asthma, the link being fully mediated by the trait of obesity.ConclusionsObese phenotypes and obesity-related PRS are independent risk factors for having asthma in adults in the Taiwan Biobank. Overall, genetic risk for obesity increases the risk of asthma by affecting the obese phenotype.
Prediction of response to anti-TNF treatment using laboratory biomarkers in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review
Authors: Wientjes Maike H M , den Broeder Alfons A , Welsing Paco M J , Verhoef Lise M , van den Bemt Bart J F 
Published: December 2022

ObjectivesIn this systematic review, we aim to identify laboratory biomarkers that predict response to tumour necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).MethodsEMBASE, PubMed and Cochrane Library (CENTRAL) were searched for studies that presented predictive accuracy measures of laboratory biomarkers, or in which these were calculable. Likelihood ratios were calculated in order to determine whether a test result relevantly changed the probability of response. Likelihood ratios between 2–10 and 0.5–0.1 were considered weak predictors, respectively, and ratios above 10 or below 0.1 were considered strong predictors of response. Primary focus was on biomarkers studied ≥3 times.ResultsFrom 41 included studies, data on 99 different biomarkers were extracted. Five biomarkers were studied ≥3 times, being (1) anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (CCP), (2) rheumatoid factor, (3) –308 polymorphism in the TNF-α gene, (4) SE copies in the HLA-DRB1 gene and (5) FcGR2A polymorphism. No studies showed a strong predictive association and only one study on anti-CCP showed a weak positive association.ConclusionsNo biomarkers were found that consistently showed a (strong) predictive effect for response to TNFi in patients with RA. Given the disappointing yield of previous predictive biomarker research, future studies should focus on exploring, combining and validating the most promising laboratory biomarkers identified in this review, and searching for new predictors. Besides this, they should focus on contexts where prediction-aided decision-making can have a large impact (even with limited predictive value of markers/models).PROSPERO registration numberCRD42021278987.
Type of vaccine and immunosuppressive therapy but not diagnosis critically influence antibody response after COVID-19 vaccination in patients with rheumatic disease
Authors: Frommert Leonie Maria , Arumahandi de Silva Amanthi Nadira , Zernicke Jan , Scholz Veronika , Braun Tanja , Jeworowski Lara Maria , Schwarz Tatjana , Tober-Lau Pinkus , ten Hagen Alexander , Habermann Elisa , Kurth Florian , Sander Leif Erik , Corman Victor Max , Burmester Gerd-Rüdiger , Biesen Robert , Albach Fredrik N. , Klotsche Jens 
Published: December 2022

ObjectiveThe development of sufficient COVID-19 vaccines has been a big breakthrough in fighting the global SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. However, vaccination effectiveness can be reduced in patients with autoimmune rheumatic diseases (AIRD). The aim of this study was to identify factors that lead to a diminished humoral vaccination response in patients with AIRD.MethodsVaccination response was measured with a surrogate virus neutralisation test and by testing for antibodies directed against the receptor-binding-domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2 in 308 fully vaccinated patients with AIRD. In addition, 296 immunocompetent participants were investigated as a control group. Statistical adjusted analysis included covariates with a possible influence on antibody response.ResultsPatients with AIRD showed lower antibody responses compared with immunocompetent individuals (median neutralising capacity 90.8% vs 96.5%, p<0.001; median anti-RBD-IgG 5.6 S/CO vs 6.7 S/CO, p<0.001). Lower antibody response was significantly influenced by type of immunosuppressive therapy, but not by rheumatic diagnosis, with patients under rituximab therapy developing the lowest antibody levels. Patients receiving mycophenolate, methotrexate or janus kinase inhibitors also showed reduced vaccination responses. Additional negative influencing factors were vaccination with AZD1222, old age and shorter intervals between the first two vaccinations.ConclusionCertain immunosuppressive therapies are associated with lower antibody responses after vaccination. Additional factors such as vaccine type, age and vaccination interval should be taken into account. We recommend antibody testing in at-risk patients with AIRD and emphasise the importance of booster vaccinations in these patients.
Curdione Relieved Isoproterenol-Induced Myocardial Damage through Inhibiting Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis
Authors: Ma Yulei , Wang Penghe , Wu Zimei , Li Mengru , Gu Yuting , Wu Hong , Liu Hongrui 
Published: December 2022

Isoproterenol (ISO) is widely used to treat bronchial asthma, cardiogenic or septic shock, complete atrioventricular block, and cardiac arrest. However, it can also cause myocardial damage owing to infarct-like necrosis. Curdione, an extract of the Chinese herb Rhizoma Curcumae, has a variety of pharmacological activities, including cardioprotective effects. In this study, we investigated the protective effects of curdione and its underlying mechanisms in an ISO-induced myocardial injury model. Our results showed that curdione attenuated ISO-induced H9c2 cell proliferation inhibition and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) release. Curdione ameliorated morphological damage and reduced the ISO-induced elevation of serum creatine kinase-MB isoenzyme (CK-MB) and LDH. Furthermore, curdione inhibited ISO-induced cell apoptosis, modulated the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax proteins, repealed the accumulation of ISO-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS), prevented mitochondrial dysfunction, and activated the Nrf2/SOD1/HO-1 signaling pathway. The above results show that curdione exerts a protective effect against ISO-induced myocardial damage by inhibiting apoptosis and oxidative stress, suggesting that curdione is a potential therapeutic strategy to prevent ISO-induced myocardial damage.