bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Expanding disciplinary and interdisciplinary core idea maps by students to promote perceived self-efficacy in learning science
Authors: Semilarski Helen , Soobard Regina , Holbrook Jack , Rannikmäe Miia 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
The goal of this research was to determine students’ perceived self-efficacy in science classes through involving students in expanding disciplinary core idea (DCI) and interdisciplinary core idea (ICI) maps, as a method to visualize knowledge (utilizing mind mapping and concept mapping) to support students to integrate interdisciplinary learning. The research involved (a) creating (by science educators) eight curriculum-related, disciplinary core idea maps and two interdisciplinary core idea maps; (b) teachers guiding students in an experimental group, to make interdisciplinary connections so as to expand DCI and ICI maps in an intervention lasting a year and a half from grade 10 to 11; (c) providing feedback on students’ developed DCI and ICI maps; (d) administering questionnaires seeking students’ perceptions about their self-efficacy towards core ideas, both before and after the intervention and (e) interviewing science teachers (5) and selected students (25), after the intervention, about their perceptions towards the use and outcomes of their DCI and ICI maps. Besides the experimental group, a control group (no intervention) was involved.

Results
Outcomes showed that the intervention (guiding students in creating disciplinary and interdisciplinary core idea maps to visualize their learning) supported students significantly in their perceived self-efficacy in the fields of Life Science and Earth Science, plus in the use of Models and Systems. In Physics and Chemistry, the students’ perceived self-efficacy was not statistically significantly positive after the conducted intervention. This stemmed from disciplinary core ideas, related to Physics and Chemistry, being more abstract, with students making fewer connections and integrating less new knowledge into the related DCI and ICI maps. In the interviews, both teachers and students stated that the intervention (including expansion of DCI and ICI maps) supported students’ science learning.

Conclusions
Creating and expanding disciplinary and interdisciplinary core ideas more clearly indicates students’ learning, through their ability to make meaningful connections, enabling students to raise their self-efficacy in preparing for their future. The results from this research demonstrate that students’ perceived self-efficacy can occur through knowledge visualization by expanding both DCI and ICI maps enabling the making of greater interdisciplinary connections.
A group-based behavioural intervention for weight management (PROGROUP) versus usual care in adults with severe obesity: a feasibility randomised controlled trial protocol
Authors: Swancutt Dawn , Tarrant Mark , Ingram Wendy , Baldrey Sarah , Burns Lorna , Byng Richard , Calitri Raff , Creanor Siobhan , Dean Sarah , Evans Lucy , Gill Laura , Goodwin Elizabeth , Hawkins Lily , Hayward Chris , Hind Sarah , Hollands Laura , Hosking Joanne , Lloyd Jenny , Moghadam Shokraneh , Neilens Helen , O’Kane Mary , Perry Steve , Sheaff Rod , Spencer Anne , Taylor Adrian , Ward Thomas , Watkins Ross , Wilding John , Pinkney Jonathan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Approximately 15 million people in the UK live with obesity, around 5 million of whom have severe obesity (body mass index (BMI) ≥35kg/m2). Having severe obesity markedly compromises health, well-being and quality of life, and substantially reduces life expectancy. These adverse outcomes are prevented or ameliorated by weight loss, for which sustained behavioural change is the cornerstone of treatment. Although NHS specialist ‘Tier 3’ Weight Management Services (T3WMS) support people with severe obesity, using individual and group-based treatment, the current evidence on optimal intervention design and outcomes is limited. Due to heterogeneity of severe obesity, there is a need to tailor treatment to address individual needs. Despite this heterogeneity, there are good reasons to suspect that a structured group-based behavioural intervention may be more effective and cost-effective for the treatment of severe obesity compared to usual care. The aims of this study are to test the feasibility of establishing and delivering a multi-centre randomised controlled clinical trial to compare a group-based behavioural intervention versus usual care in people with severe obesity.

Methods
This feasibility randomised controlled study is a partially clustered multi-centre trial of PROGROUP (a novel group-based behavioural intervention) versus usual care. Adults ≥18 years of age who have been newly referred to and accepted by NHS T3WMS will be eligible if they have a BMI ≥40, or ≥35 kg/m2 with comorbidity, are suitable for group-based care and are willing to be randomised. Exclusion criteria are participation in another weight management study, planned bariatric surgery during the trial, and unwillingness or inability to attend group sessions. Outcome assessors will be blinded to treatment allocation and success of blinding will be evaluated. Clinical measures will be collected at baseline, 6 and 12 months post-randomisation. Secondary outcome measures will be self-reported and collected remotely. Process and economic evaluations will be conducted.

Discussion
This randomised feasibility study has been designed to test all the required research procedures and additionally explore three key issues; the feasibility of implementing a complex trial at participating NHS T3WMS, training the multidisciplinary healthcare teams in a standard intervention, and the acceptability of a group intervention for these particularly complex patients.

Trial registration
ISRCTN number 22088800.
Stroke survivors partner in research: a case example of collaborative processes
Authors: Kwok Alyson , Cheung Deacon , Gordon Maysyn , Mudryk Evan , Manns Patricia J. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe Canadian Strategy for Patient-Oriented Research supports the inclusion of patients as partners throughout the research process. Purposeful and meaningful engagement of patient partners after stroke can present unique challenges due to the potential impacts on cognition, communication, or mobility. The purpose of this paper is to provide a case example of working together with three individuals who bring their post-stroke lived experience, including one person with aphasia, from study design through to dissemination. The designed and executed qualitative research was the purpose of this collaboration; this paper describes the collaborative process rather than the outcomes of the original research. The Strategy for Patient-Oriented Research Patient Engagement Framework was followed to engage the patient partners fully as part of the research team. Patient partners were involved at regularly scheduled team meetings and provided guidance on key aspects of project design and decision-making. The patient partners provided robust and important contributions to many aspects of the research, including shaping interview questions, assisting with thematic analysis, and contributing to the dissemination of research findings. Effective team dynamics were fostered by focusing on the value of the lived experience knowledge, using best-practice communication strategies, as well as taking time for relationship-building and story sharing. With appropriate support and guidance, the individuals who have experienced stroke were valuable contributing members of our research team.
Siblings’ life aspirations in the context of Duchenne muscular dystrophy: a mixed-methods case-control study
Authors: Schwartz Carolyn E. , Biletch Elijah , Stuart Richard B. B. , Rapkin Bruce D. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
The inevitable and progressive loss of independence in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) patients may have an impact on their siblings’ life aspirations. The present cross-sectional case-control study investigated how aspirations differed between brothers and sisters of people with DMD and a stratified comparison group of nationally representative children/adults.

Methods
A web-based survey was administered October through December 2020. Aspirations were measured using qualitative (open-ended) and quantitative (closed-ended) questions. Qualitative prompts asked participants about wishes, goals, and how they define quality of life (QOL) and were coded by six trained raters. Quantitative questions included 29 closed-ended goal-delineation items from the QOL Appraisal Profilev2. These data were analyzed using multivariate models adjusting for propensity scores (demographic differences) and testing for the effects of role (sibling or comparison), age, and role-by-age interactions.

Results
The study sample of DMD sibling (n = 349) and comparison (n = 619) participants provided open-ended data on 968 wishes statements, 390 QOL-definition statements, and 328 goals statements. Inter-rater reliability (kappa = 0.77) reflected good agreement between raters. Results of both open-ended and closed-ended data, and of both unadjusted and adjusted analyses suggested that DMD siblings, with age, were more focused on DMD-related, family/community, intimacy, and work concerns than their peers. They were less focused on improving mood, independence, pragmatics, or subtle fine-tuning of problem-solving in life. In contrast, the comparison group was more focused on goals related to growth, purpose, and reflection. Some group differences were amplified amongst older siblings.

Conclusion
This is the first study to evaluate DMD siblings’ aspirations in comparison to their peers. While there were many similarities between groups, the differences in aspirations between DMD siblings and their peers encompassed not just DMD, family/community, and intimacy, but also more work concerns. Directions for future quantitative and qualitative research are discussed.
Intracranial wide neck aneurysms: clinical and angiographic outcomes of endovascular management
Authors: Morsy Abdalla , Mahmoud Mohamed , Abokresha Ahmad Elsayed , Moussa Ahmad A. , Abdel-Tawab Mohamed , Othman Moustafa , Moubark Mahmoud A. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
The treatment of intracranial wide neck aneurysms (WNAs) is usually difficult, hence several endovascular techniques were developed. This study aims to assess the clinical and angiographic imaging outcome of endovascular management of intracranial wide neck aneurysm. Forty patients were referred to the neuro-endovascular unit, at our hospital, each with a wide neck aneurysm. They were assessed regarding clinical presentation, aneurysm size, the character of the aneurysm, and the age and sex of the patient. Post-procedural, clinical, and angiographic outcomes of the patients who underwent endovascular intervention were reviewed.

Results
In this study, the mean aneurysmal neck was 5.4 ± 1.6 mm (mm). Endovascular intervention was carried out in all 40 patients in the form of simple coiling in 3 patients, double-catheter technique in 5 patients, balloon-assisted coiling (BAC) in 16 patients, stent-assisted coiling (SAC) in 13 patients, and flow diverter (FD) in 3 patients. Regarding clinical outcome, 4 patients had unfavorable outcome (the modified Rankin Scale, mRS > 2) at presentation and 3 patients at discharge. There was no unfavorable clinical outcome at 6- and 12-month follow-ups. Overall angiographic outcome at 1-year follow-up, 37/40 aneurysms (92.5%) had complete occlusion while two aneurysms had neck recurrence and one aneurysm had neck recanalization.

Conclusion
The current endovascular techniques in the treatment of WNAs are considered effective, feasible, and safe.
The illuminated airway: flexible bronchoscopic removal of an aspirated LED bulb in an adolescent boy
Authors: Mishra Mayank , Sindhwani Girish , Darbari Anshuman 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundForeign body aspiration is a common but serious pediatric medical emergency. A high index of suspicion, timely diagnosis and early bronchoscopic intervention can be life-saving in most cases.Case presentationWe report the case of a 12-year-old boy who was symptomatic with recurrent chest infections for the last 3 years. Imaging identified a radio-opaque FB in the left mainstem bronchus. Subsequently, flexible bronchoscopic evaluation was performed under general anesthesia using laryngeal mask airway, and a light-emitting diode bulb was retrieved using flexible biopsy forceps.ConclusionThe case highlights aspiration of a rare foreign body that went unnoticed for a long duration in a relatively higher pediatric age group child, and also emphasizes the role of bronchoscopy in managing the condition.
Treatment Burden of Weekly Somatrogon vs Daily Somatropin in Children With Growth Hormone Deficiency: A Randomized Study
Authors: Maniatis Aristides K , Carakushansky Mauri , Galcheva Sonya , Prakasam Gnanagurudasan , Fox Larry A , Dankovcikova Adriana , Loftus Jane , Palladino Andrew A , de los Angeles Resa Maria , Turich Taylor Carrie , Dattani Mehul T , Lebl Jan 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Context
Somatrogon is a long-acting recombinant human growth hormone treatment developed as a once-weekly treatment for pediatric patients with growth hormone deficiency (GHD).

Objective
Evaluate patient and caregiver perceptions of the treatment burden associated with the once-weekly somatrogon injection regimen vs a once-daily Somatropin injection regimen.

Methods
Pediatric patients (≥3 to &lt;18 years) with GHD receiving once-daily somatropin at enrollment were randomized 1:1 to Sequence 1 (12 weeks of once-daily Somatropin, then 12 weeks of once-weekly somatrogon) or Sequence 2 (12 weeks of once-weekly somatrogon, then 12 weeks of once-daily Somatropin). Treatment burden was assessed using validated questionnaires completed by patients and caregivers. The primary endpoint was the difference in mean overall life interference (LI) total scores after each 12-week treatment period (somatrogon vs Somatropin), as assessed by questionnaires.

Results
Of 87 patients randomized to Sequence 1 (n = 43) or 2 (n = 44), 85 completed the study. Once-weekly somatrogon had a significantly lower treatment burden than once-daily Somatropin, based on mean overall LI total scores after somatrogon (8.63) vs Somatropin (24.13) treatment (mean difference –15.49; 2-sided 95% CI –19.71, –11.27; P &lt; .0001). Once-weekly somatrogon was associated with greater convenience, higher satisfaction with treatment experience, and less LI. The incidence of treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) for Somatropin and somatrogon was 44.2% and 54.0%, respectively. No severe or serious AEs were reported.

Conclusion
In pediatric patients with GHD, once-weekly somatrogon had a lower treatment burden and was associated with a more favorable treatment experience than once-daily Somatropin.
The Assessment of Driving Fitness Using an On-Road Evaluation in Patients With Cirrhosis
Authors: Tandon Puneeta , Pidborochynski Tara , Abraldes Juan G. , Carbonneau Michelle , Newnham Kimberly , Bailey Robert , Ismond Kathleen P. , Bajaj Jasmohan S. , Dobbs Bonnie 
Published: September 2022

INTRODUCTION:
The association between cirrhosis and driving performance is of particular clinical relevance because of the life-threatening safety issues both for the driver with cirrhosis and the general public. Study aims were to assess (i) driving competency through the use of an in-office computerized battery and on-road driving assessment (DriveABLE) and (ii) the association between minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE), in-office paper-pencil tools, and additional measures (e.g., frailty, depression, cognitive testing) with unsafe driving.

METHODS:
Patients were prospectively recruited from 2 tertiary care liver clinics. In-office tests and in-office and on-road assessments of driving competence were completed. The χ2 test and 1-way analysis of variance were used to analyze differences among those with and without MHE. Logistic regression was used to evaluate predictors of an indeterminate/fail result on the in-office computerized driving assessment battery (DriveABLE Cognitive Assessment Tool [DCAT]).

RESULTS:
Eighty patients participated with a mean age of 57 years, 70% male, 75% Child-Pugh B/C, and 36% with a history of overt hepatic encephalopathy. Thirty percent met MHE criteria on both the psychometric hepatic encephalopathy score and the Stroop app tests. Only 2 patients (3%) were categorized as “unfit to drive” in the on-road driving test, one with MHE and the other without. Fifty-eight percent of the patients were scored as indeterminate/fail on the DCAT. This corresponded to a higher mean number of on-road driving errors (5.3 [SD 2.1] vs 4.2 [SD 1.6] in those who passed the DCAT, P = 0.01). Older age (odds ratio 1.3; confidence interval 1.1, 1.5; P = 0.001) and MHE by Stroop/psychometric hepatic encephalopathy score (odds ratio 11.0; confidence interval 2.3, 51.8; P = 0.002) were independently predictive of worse performance on the DCAT.

DISCUSSION:
Worse performance in in-office testing was associated with worse scores on a computerized driving assessment battery and more on-road driving errors, but in-office tools were insufficient to predict on-road driving failures. A diagnosis of MHE should not be used alone to restrict driving in patients with cirrhosis. At-risk patients require on-road driving tests under the supervision of driving regulatory agencies. Future studies should continue to refine and evaluate in-office or at-home testing to predict driving performance.
Modest Conformity Between Self-Reporting of Bristol Stool Form and Fecal Consistency Measured by Stool Water Content in Irritable Bowel Syndrome and a FODMAP and Gluten Trial
Authors: Nordin Elise , Hellström Per M. , Brunius Carl , Landberg Rikard 
Published: September 2022

INTRODUCTION:
Altered bowel habits constitute a criterion of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), with the Bristol Stool Form Scale (BSFS) as the recommended tool for assessment of fecal consistency. However, BSFS is devoid of a comprehensive objective evaluation in subjects with IBS. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the concordance between subjective reporting of BSFS and objective stool water content in subjects with IBS. Furthermore, we evaluated whether intake of fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols (FODMAPs) or gluten would affect stool water content.

METHODS:
Data from a previous crossover trial in IBS with 1-week provocations of FODMAPs, gluten, or placebo were subanalyzed. After each intervention, fecal consistency was subjectively assessed using the BSFS and stool samples were collected. The stool water content was analyzed, where ≤68.5% water content was classified as hard stool, while ≥78% was classified as diarrhea.

RESULTS:
BSFS correlated to stool water content (r = 0.36, P < 0.0001). The BSFS score increased in parallel with increasing water content, but with considerable overlap between BSFS scores. Stool water content differed between the BSFS categories 1–2, 3–5, and 6–7 (hard, normal, and loose, respectively) (P < 0.0001). For BSFS categories 1–2, 77% had water content ≤68.5%, whereas for BSFS categories 6–7, 52% had water content ≥78%. There was no difference in stool water content after consumption of FODMAPs, gluten, or placebo (P = 0.94).

DISCUSSION:
Subjective reporting of BSFS conforms only modestly with stool water content in IBS, warranting caution when subtyping IBS according to the BSFS. High intake of FODMAPs and gluten does not affect stool water content.
Isolated Hepatitis B Core Antibody Positivity and Long-Term Liver-Related Mortality in Korea: A Cohort Study
Authors: Sohn Won , Chang Yoosoo , Cho Yong Kyun , Hong Yun Soo , Ryu Seungho 
Published: September 2022

INTRODUCTION:
Whether isolated hepatitis B core antibody (anti-HBc) positivity is a risk factor for long-term liver-related outcomes in hepatitis B virus (HBV)-endemic areas remains unclear. We aimed to investigate liver-related and liver cancer mortality of isolated anti-HBc positivity in Korean adults.

METHODS:
A cohort study comprised 609,299 Korean adults who underwent hepatitis B serologic markers, as a part of health examination. Liver-related and liver cancer mortality were determined using the National Death Records.

RESULTS:
During a median follow-up of 9.0 years (interquartile range, 5.5–13.7 years), 554 liver-related deaths were identified (liver-related mortality, 9.6 cases per 105 person-years). The prevalence of isolated anti-HBc positivity was 3.8% (n = 23,399) and was age-dependent. After adjustment for age, sex, and other confounders, hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) for liver-related mortality in isolated anti-HBc-positive and hepatitis B surface antigen–positive subjects compared with HBV-unexposed subjects were 1.69 (1.22–2.33) and 27.02 (21.45–34.04), respectively. These associations were pronounced in the analyses using liver cancer mortality as an outcome. Among isolated anti-HBc-positive patients, the risks of liver-related and liver cancer mortality were significantly higher in those with high fibrosis-4 scores compared with patients unexposed to HBV with the multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) of 15.59 (9.21–26.37) and 72.66 (36.96–142.86), respectively.

DISCUSSION:
In this cohort of Korean adults, isolated anti-HBc positivity was associated with an increased risk of liver-related and liver cancer mortality, especially when accompanied by a high fibrosis score. Isolated anti-HBc positivity may be an independent risk factor for liver-related outcomes, especially in high-endemic areas.
Correction and Prevention of Hyponatremia in Patients With Cirrhosis and Ascites: Post Hoc Analysis of the ANSWER Study Database
Authors: Zaccherini Giacomo , Baldassarre Maurizio , Tufoni Manuel , Nardelli Silvia , Piano Salvatore , Alessandria Carlo , Neri Sergio , Foschi Francesco Giuseppe , Levantesi Fabio , Bedogni Giorgio , Domenicali Marco , Bernardi Mauro , Caraceni Paolo ,   for the ANSWER Study Investigators
Published: September 2022

INTRODUCTION:
We assessed the impact of long-term albumin administration to hyponatremic patients with ascites enrolled in the ANSWER trial.

METHODS:
The normalization rate of baseline hyponatremia and the 18-month incidence rate of at least moderate hyponatremia were evaluated.

RESULTS:
The hyponatremia normalization rate was higher with albumin than with standard medical treatment (45% vs 28%, P = 0.042 at 1 month). Long-term albumin ensured a lower incidence of at least moderate hyponatremia than standard medical treatment (incidence rate ratio: 0.245 [CI 0.167–0.359], P < 0.001).

DISCUSSION:
Long-term albumin administration improves hyponatremia and reduces episodes of at least moderate hyponatremia in outpatients with cirrhosis and ascites.
Colorectal Neoplasia in CDH1 Pathogenic Variant Carriers: A Multicenter Analysis
Authors: Stanich Peter P. , Elgindi Dareen , Stoffel Elena , Koeppe Erika , Bansal Ajay , Stetson Rachel , Collins Debra L. , Clark Dana Farengo , Karloski Eve , Dudley Beth , Brand Randall E. , Hall Michael J. , Chertock Yana , Sullivan Brian A. , Muller Charles , Hinton Alice , Katona Bryson W. , Kupfer Sonia S. 
Published: September 2022

INTRODUCTION:
Germline variants in CDH1 are associated with elevated risks of diffuse gastric cancer and lobular breast cancer. It is uncertain whether there is an increased risk of colorectal neoplasia.

METHODS:
This was a retrospective analysis of colonoscopy outcomes in patients with germline CDH1 pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants.

RESULTS:
Eighty-five patients were included with a mean age of 46.9 years. Initial colonoscopy found adenomatous polyps in 30 patients (35.3%), including advanced adenomas in 9 (10.6%). No colorectal cancers were identified on index or subsequent colonoscopies (when available).

DISCUSSION:

CDH1 carriers have colorectal neoplasia identified at similar rates as in the general population. Despite potential difficulties after gastrectomy, colorectal cancer screening remains important in this population.