bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamic versus static medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction technique in the treatment of recurrent patellar dislocation: a randomized clinical trial protocol
Authors: Bartsch Anna , Nüesch Corina , Rieger Bertram , Mündermann Annegret , Egloff Christian 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe redislocation rate of conservatively treated patella instability is high. One of the leading surgical strategies is medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction. Over-tensioning is one of the most challenging complications in static medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction as the graft used for reconstruction is isometric and the anatomical MPFL is a mostly dynamic structure. As an alternative to established static reconstruction techniques, dynamic graft techniques have been introduced for stabilizing the patella with the aim of providing a more physiological reconstruction of the medial patellofemoral ligament. To date, data on clinical outcomes are scarce and on biomechanical outcomes of the dynamic MPFL reconstruction are lacking. Here, we present the protocol of a randomized clinical trial for comparing clinical and biomechanical outcomes of dynamic versus static medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction.MethodsThis study is a prospective, single blinded, randomized, multicenter, multimodal (clinical and biomechanical) clinical trial. Patients with recurrent patella dislocation requiring isolated MPFL reconstruction will be recruited and randomized to the dynamic or static reconstruction technique. Participants will be followed up for 2 years with a total of five follow-ups. Preoperative magnetic resonance imaging, upright radiographs, surgical reports and patient records will be evaluated, and clinical and functional outcomes will be measured. Patient-reported knee function and anterior knee pain as assessed with the Kujala score will serve as primary outcome. For biomechanical outcome, pre- and postoperative evaluations will be performed to assess isokinetic muscle strength, gait asymmetry, joint kinematics and kinetics, and timing of muscle activity.DiscussionThe results of the study will clarify whether the reported surgery success for patella stabilization via dynamic MPFL reconstruction is due to muscle contraction or to the passive tenodesis effect combined with clinical outcome measures. With this study, we will provide much needed information on knee biomechanics after dynamic versus static MPFL reconstruction to provide evidence to support orthopedic surgeons in evidence-based decision-making in their quest for surgical techniques most favorable for their patients.Trial registrationThe study protocol was registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04849130). Registered 19 April 2021,https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04849130.
Using participatory action research to pilot a model of service user and caregiver involvement in mental health system strengthening in Ethiopian primary healthcare: a case study
Authors: Abayneh Sisay , Lempp Heidi , Kohrt Brandon A. , Alem Atalay , Hanlon Charlotte 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundLittle is known about actual involvement or how to achieve service user and caregiver in mental health systems strengthening in low-and middle-income countries. This study describes the processes and explores involvement experiences of participants in a pilot study of a new model of service user involvement in mental health system strengthening in a rural district in southern Ethiopia.MethodsWe applied a case study design using participatory action research (PAR). The PAR process comprised of three stages, each with iterative activities of plan, act, observe and reflect. Two stakeholder groups, a Research Advisory Group (RAG) and Research Participant Group (RPG), were established and collaborated in the PAR process. Data collection involved process documentation of meetings and activities: attendances, workshop minutes, discussion outputs, reflective notes, participatory observation of sessions, and in-depth interviews with 12 RPG members. We analyzed the process data descriptively. Thematic analysis was used for qualitative data. Triangulation and synthesis of findings was carried out to develop the case study.ResultsThe stakeholder groups identified their top research priorities, developed an intervention and action plan and made a public presentation of preliminary findings. Key mechanisms used for inclusive participation included capacity building and bringing together diverse stakeholders, anchoring the study in established strong community involvement structures, and making use of participatory strategies and activities during the PAR process. Four themes were developed about experiences of involvement in PAR: (i) expectations and motivation, (ii) experiences of the dynamics of the PAR process, (iii) perceived impacts of involvement in the PAR process, and (iv) implementation challenges and future directions.ConclusionsThis case study demonstrated the feasibility and acceptability of implementing a complex model of service-user involvement in mental health system strengthening in a resource constrained setting. More needs to be done to embed service-user involvement into routines of the primary healthcare system, alongside sustained support and strengthening multi-stakeholder collaboration at multiple levels.
A clinician perspective on the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia in the chronic phase
Authors: García-Gutiérrez Valentin , Breccia Massimo , Jabbour Elias , Mauro Michael , Cortes Jorge E. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractTyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have vastly improved long-term outcomes for patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). After imatinib (a first-generation TKI), second- and third-generation TKIs were developed. With five TKIs (imatinib, dasatinib, bosutinib, nilotinib, and ponatinib) targeting BCR::ABL approved in most countries, and with the recent approval of asciminib in the USA, treatment decisions are complex and require assessment of patient-specific factors. Optimal treatment strategies for CML continue to evolve, with an increased focus on achieving deep molecular responses. Using clinically relevant case studies developed by the authors of this review, we discuss three major scenarios from the perspective of international experts. Firstly, this review explores patient-specific characteristics that affect decision-making between first- and second-generation TKIs upon initial diagnosis of CML, including patient comorbidities. Secondly, a thorough assessment of therapeutic options in the event of first-line treatment failure (as defined by National Comprehensive Cancer Network and European LeukemiaNet guidelines) is discussed along with real-world considerations for monitoring optimal responses to TKI therapy. Thirdly, this review illustrates the considerations and importance of achieving treatment-free remission as a treatment goal. Due to the timing of the writing, this review addresses global challenges commonly faced by hematologists treating patients with CML during the COVID-19 pandemic. Lastly, as new treatment approaches continue to be explored in CML, this review also discusses the advent of newer therapies such as asciminib. This article may be a useful reference for physicians treating patients with CML with second-generation TKIs and, as it is focused on the physicians’ international and personal experiences, may give insight into alternative approaches not previously considered.
First national-scale evaluation of temephos resistance in Aedes aegypti in Peru
Authors: Palomino Miriam , Pinto Jesus , Yañez Pamela , Cornelio Anali , Dias Luciana , Amorim Quesia , Martins Ademir Jesus , Lenhart Audrey , Lima Jose Bento Pereira 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe development of resistance against insecticides inAedes aegyptican lead to operational failures in control programs. Knowledge of the spatial and temporal trends of this resistance is needed to drive effective monitoring campaigns, which in turn provide data on which vector control decision-making should be based.MethodsThird-stage larvae (L3) from the F1 and F2 generations of 39 Peruvian field populations ofAe. aegyptimosquitoes from established laboratory colonies were evaluated for resistance against the organophosphate insecticide temephos. The 39 populations were originally established from eggs collected in the field with ovitraps in eight departments of Peru during 2018 and 2019. Dose–response bioassays, at 11 concentrations of the insecticide, were performed following WHO recommendations.ResultsOf the 39 field populations ofAe. aegyptitested for resistance to temephos , 11 showed high levels of resistance (resistance ratio [RR] > 10), 16 showed moderate levels of resistance (defined as RR values between 5 and 10) and only 12 were susceptible (RR < 5). The results segregated the study populations into two geographic groups. Most of the populations in the first geographic group, the coastal region, were resistant to temephos, with three populations (AG, CR and LO) showing RR values > 20 (AG 21.5, CR 23.1, LO 39.4). The populations in the second geographic group, the Amazon jungle and the high jungle, showed moderate levels of resistance, with values ranging between 5.1 (JN) and 7.1 (PU). The exception in this geographic group was the population from PM, which showed a RR value of 28.8 to this insecticide.ConclusionsThe results of this study demonstrate thatAe. aegyptipopulations in Peru present different resistance intensities to temephos, 3 years after temephos use was discontinued. Resistance to this larvicide should continue to be monitored because it is possible that resistance to temephos could decrease in the absence of routine selection pressures.Graphical Abstract
Clinical encounter with three cancer patients affected by groundwater contamination at Camp Lejeune: a case series and review of the literature
Authors: Jung Kyungsuk , Khan Aziz , Mocharnuk Robert , Olivo-Marston Susan , McDaniel Justin T. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Advanced understanding of tumor biology has recently revealed the complexity of cancer genetics, intra/inter-tumor heterogeneity, and diverse mechanisms of resistance to cancer treatment. In turn, there has been a growing interest in cancer prevention and minimizing exposure to potential environmental carcinogens that surround us. In the 1980s, several chemical carcinogens, including perchloroethylene (PCE), trichloroethylene (TCE), and benzene, were detected in water systems supplying Camp Lejeune, a US Marine Corps Base Camp located in North Carolina.

Case presentation
This article presents three cases of cancer patients who have lived at Camp Lejeune, and, decades later, came to our clinic located 1000 miles from the original exposure site. The first patient is a young Caucasian man who was diagnosed with T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia at the age of 37, and the second patient is a Caucasian man who had multiple types of cancer in the prostate, lung, and colon as well as chronic lymphocytic leukemia in his 60s and 70s. The third patient is another Caucasian man who had recurrent skin cancers of different histology, namely basal cell carcinomas, squamous cell carcinomas, and melanoma, from his 50s to 70s.

Conclusions
The US Congress passed the Honoring America’s Veterans and Caring for Camp Lejeune Families Act in 2012, which covers appropriate medical care for the people affected by the contamination. We hope that this article raises awareness about the history of Camp Lejeune’s water contamination among cancer care providers, so the affected patients can receive appropriate medical coverage and cancer screening across the country.
Orlistat, a competitive lipase inhibitor used as an antiobesity remedy, enhances inflammatory reactions in the intestine
Authors: Katimbwa Dorsilla Anono , Oh Jisun , Jang Chan Ho , Lim Jinkyu 
Published: July 2022

AbstractAlterations in secondary gut metabolites derived from the microbial fermentation of food in the gut have significant effects on various aspects of host physiology. Our recent studies on obese mice treated with Orlistat, an antiobesity treatment, revealed a significantly altered gut microbial profile marked by an over-abundance of Proteobacteria and alterations in secondary gut metabolites. In this study, we determined effect of fecal metabolites from high-fat diet fed mice treated with Orlistat (HFDOrl) on colonic epithelial cells in relation to inflammation, barrier function, mitochondrial activity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and oxidative stress. Quantitative PCR was used to measure intestinal mRNA expression of oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and gut barrier function genes in mice on a high fat diet with and without Orlistat treatment versus those fed a low-fat diet (HFDOrl, HFD, Normal diet-fed [ND] respectively). Alterations to antioxidant function in HCT-116-ARE-luciferase stable cell line and mitochondrial function in Caco-2 cells was analyzed under oxidative stress with exposure to aqueous fecal extracts from HFDOrl, HFD, and ND groups. The results of this study indicate that a significant increase in anti-oxidative response was observed based on the luciferase activity of HCT-116-ARE-luciferase stable cells. Increased maximal respiration and mitochondrial ROS under oxidative stress was also detected in confluent Caco-2 cells resulting from exposure to fecal extracts from the HFDOrl group compared with the HFD group and pure Orlistat. Furthermore, mice from the HFDOrl group exhibited a significant increase in colonic epithelial expression of oxidative markers (Nrf-2 and SOD-2), inflammation-related markers (IL-6 and TNF-α), and gut barrier function markers (Muc-2 and Occludin). Taken together, the results suggest that Orlistat treatment in the HFD group causes changes in secondary gut metabolites which affect the colonic redox state and may eventually lead to the development of inflammatory, oxidative, and mitochondrial dysfunction at the cellular level.
EXTL3 could serve as a potential biomarker of prognosis and immunotherapy for prostate cancer and its potential mechanisms
Authors: Chang Pingan , Chen Shenglan , Chang Xiumei , Zhu Jiaxi , Tang Qingsheng , Ma Limin 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Exostosin like glycosyltransferase 3 (EXTL3) had been reported to be associated with immune deficiency and play prognostic roles in various cancers. However, little is known about the associations between EXTL3 and prostate cancer (PCa). Hence, this article was designed to clarify their associations.

Methods
All original data were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and CellMiner database was utilized, respectively, to identify EXTL3-related signaling pathways and drugs. We explored the relationships between EXTL3 expression and immunity to further evaluate the involvement of EXTL3 in response to immunotherapies. LncRNA/RBP/EXTL3 mRNA networks were also identified for its potential mechanism.

Results
Compared with normal prostate samples, EXTL3 was poorly expressed in PCa samples not only in mRNA expression levels, but also in protein expression levels, with worse overall survival (P < 0.05) and this gene could be an independent prognostic biomarker for PCa (both P < 0.05). EXTL3 was revealed to be markedly linked with seven signaling pathways in PCa by GSEA, including calcium, chemokine, ERBB, JAK STAT, MAPK, WNT, oxidative phosphorylation pathways. EXTL3 expression was also revealed to be significantly associated with MSI, immune cells, immune checkpoint molecules, tumor microenvironment and immune cells infiltration. We further predicted immune responses of EXTL3 gene to immunotherapies by TIDE database and the IMvigor210 cohort. A total of six LncRNA/RBP/EXTL3 mRNA networks were eventually identified for its potential mechanisms.

Conclusions
EXTL3 could serve as a potential biomarker of prognosis and immunotherapy for PCa and six LncRNA/RBP/EXTL3 mRNA networks were also identified for its potential mechanisms.
A plant-based diet supplemented with Hermetia illucens alone or in combination with poultry by-product meal: one step closer to sustainable aquafeeds for European seabass
Authors: Pleić Ivana Lepen , Bušelić Ivana , Messina Maria , Hrabar Jerko , Žuvić Luka , Talijančić Igor , Žužul Iva , Pavelin Tina , Anđelić Ivana , Pleadin Jelka , Puizina Jasna , Grubišić Leon , Tibaldi Emilio , Šegvić-Bubić Tanja 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Increasing demand for high-value fish species and pressure on forage fish is challenging aquaculture to ensure sustainable growth by replacing protein sources in aquafeeds with plant and terrestrial animal proteins, without compromising the economic value and quality of the final fish product. In the present study, the effects of a plant protein-based diet (CV), two plant-based diets in which graded amounts of plan protein mixtures were replaced with Hermetia illucens meal alone (VH10) or in combination with poultry by-product meal (PBM) (VH10P30), a fishmeal (FM) diet (CF) and an FM diet supplemented with H. illucens (FH10) on growth performance, gut health and homeostasis of farmed subadult European seabass were tested and compared.

Results
Fish fed the VH10 and VH10P30 diets showed the highest specific growth rates and lowest feed conversion ratios among the tested groups. Expectedly, the best preservation of PI morphology was observed in fish fed the CF or FH10 diets, while fish fed the CV diet exhibited significant degenerative changes in the proximal and distal intestines. However, PBM supplementation mitigated these effects and significantly improved all gut morphometric parameters in the VH10P30 group. Partial substitution of the plant mixture with insect meal alone or PBM also induced most BBM genes and activated BBM enzymes, suggesting a beneficial effect on intestinal digestive/absorption functions. Regarding intestinal microbiota, fish fed diets containing H. illucens meal (FH10, VH10, VH10P30) had the highest richness of bacterial communities and abundance of beneficial genera such as Lactobacillus and Bacillus. On the other hand, fish fed CV had the highest microbial diversity but lost a significant component of fish intestinal microbiota, the phylum Bacteroidetes. Finally, skin pigmentation most similar to that of farmed or even wild seabass was also observed in the fish groups fed CF, FH10 or VH10P30.

Conclusion
Plant-based diets supplemented with PBM and H. illucens pupae meal have great potential as alternative diets for European seabass, without affecting growth performance, gut homeostasis, or overall fitness. This also highlights the importance of animal proteins in diets of European seabass, as the addition of a small amount of these alternative animal protein sources significantly improved all measured parameters.
Light/dark phase influences intra-individual plasticity in maintenance metabolic rate and exploratory behavior independently in the Asiatic toad
Authors: Tan Song , Li Juan , Yang Qiao , Fu Jinzhong , Chen Jingfeng 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
It is well-known that light/dark phase can affect energy expenditure and behaviors of most organisms; however, its influences on individuality (inter-individual variance) and plasticity (intra-individual variance), as well as their associations remain unclear. To approach this question, we repeatedly measured maintenance metabolic rate (MR), exploratory and risk-taking behaviors across light/dark phase four times using wild-caught female Asiatic toads (Bufo gargarizans), and partitioned their variance components with univariate and bivariate mixed-effects models.

Results
The group means of maintenance MR and risk-taking behavior increased at night, while the group mean of exploratory behavior remained constant throughout the day. At night, the intra-individual variances were elevated in maintenance MR but reduced in exploration, suggesting that phenotypic plasticity was enhanced in the former but constrained in the latter. In addition, maintenance MR was not coupled with exploratory or risk-taking behaviors in daytime or at night, neither at the inter-individual nor intra-individual levels.

Conclusions
Our findings suggest that these traits are independently modulated by the light/dark phase, and an allocation energy management model may be applicable in this species. This study sheds new insights into how amphibians adapt nocturnal lifestyle across multiple hierarchy levels via metabolic and behavioral adjustments.
Association between serum calcium and biochemical parameters among nephrotic syndrome patients: a case-control study
Authors: Thakor Jinal M. , Mistry Kinnari N. , Gang Sishir 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Background
Nephrotic syndrome is characterized by proteinuria, hyperlipidemia, and edema. The annual incidence of nephrotic syndrome is 2–7 cases/100,000 children.

Methods and results
The present study included 32 control, 32 steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome cases, and 32 steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome cases aged ≤ 17 years. Serum samples were handled to check serum albumin, creatinine, calcium, and total cholesterol in SSNS and SRNS. Pearson’s correlation test was performed to investigate the relationship between the parameters. The independent sample t-test was done to compare the mean differences between two parameters by SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences). We found a significant positive correlation in SSNS in serum albumin, creatinine, calcium, and total cholesterol. In SRNS, we did not find a correlation between serum calcium and total cholesterol.

Conclusions
The combination of serum albumin, creatinine, and total cholesterol with serum calcium improves the diagnostic sensitivity of SSNS and SRNS. Thus, serum calcium may be used as an equivalent marker in the early diagnosis and treatment of nephrotic syndrome in children.
Eprenetapopt Plus Azacitidine After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem-Cell Transplantation for TP53-Mutant Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Myelodysplastic Syndromes
Authors: Mishra Asmita , Tamari Roni , DeZern Amy E. , Byrne Michael T. , Gooptu Mahasweta , Chen Yi-Bin , Deeg H. Joachim , Sallman David , Gallacher Phillip , Wennborg Anders , Hickman Denice K. , Attar Eyal C. , Fernandez Hugo F. 
Published: July 2022

PURPOSE Outcomes are poor in TP53-mutant (m TP53) acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), even after allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplant (HCT). Eprenetapopt (APR-246) is a first-in-class, small-molecule p53 reactivator. PATIENTS AND METHODS We conducted a phase II, multicenter, open-label trial to assess efficacy and safety of eprenetapopt combined with azacitidine as maintenance therapy after HCT (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03931291 ). Patients with m TP53 MDS or AML received up to 12 cycles of eprenetapopt 3.7 g once daily intravenously on days 1-4 and azacitidine 36 mg/m2 once daily intravenously/subcutaneously on days 1-5 in 28-day cycles. The primary outcomes were relapse-free survival (RFS) and safety. RESULTS Of the 84 patients screened for eligibility before HCT, 55 received a transplant. Thirty-three patients ultimately received maintenance treatment (14 AML and 19 MDS); the median age was 65 (range, 40-74) years. The median number of eprenetapopt cycles was 7 (range, 1-12). With a median follow-up of 14.5 months, the median RFS was 12.5 months (95% CI, 9.6 to not estimable) and the 1-year RFS probability was 59.9% (95% CI, 41 to 74). With a median follow-up of 17.0 months, the median overall survival (OS) was 20.6 months (95% CI, 14.2 to not estimable) and the 1-year OS probability was 78.8% (95% CI, 60.6 to 89.3). Thirty-day and 60-day mortalities from the first dose were 0% and 6% (n = 2), respectively. Acute and chronic (all grade) graft-versus-host disease adverse events were reported in 12% (n = 4) and 33% (n = 11) of patients, respectively. CONCLUSION In patients with m TP53 AML and MDS, post-HCT maintenance therapy with eprenetapopt combined with azacitidine was well tolerated. RFS and OS outcomes were encouraging in this high-risk population.