bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Qualitative Study of US Women's Perspectives on Confidence for Physiologic Birth in the Birth Center Model of Prenatal Care
Authors: Neerland Carrie E. , Skalisky Arielle E. 
Published: March 2022

IntroductionThe purpose of this study was to increase understanding of the components of the US birth center model of prenatal care and how the birth center prenatal care model contributes to birthing people's confidence for physiologic childbirth.MethodsThis was a qualitative descriptive study using semistructured interviews with individuals who gave birth in freestanding birth centers. Birthing people were recruited from freestanding birth centers in a Midwestern US state and were between the ages of 18 and 42, were English‐speaking, and had experienced a birth center birth within the previous 6 months. Interviews were transcribed and analyzed using Glaser's constant comparative method.ResultsTwelve women who gave birth in birth centers, representing urban and rural settings, participated. Four core categories were identified encompassing the components of birth center prenatal care and how the birth center model contributes to women's confidence for physiologic birth: birth center culture and processes, midwifery model of care within the birth center, internal influences, and outside influences.DiscussionWomen who gave birth in birth centers believed that the birth center culture and environment, the midwifery model of care in the birth center, internal influences including the belief that birth is a normal physiologic process, and outside influences including family support and positive birth stories contributed to their confidence for physiologic birth.
Effect of gestational weight gain on preeclampsia among underweight women: A single tertiary referral center study in Japanese women
Authors: Kyozuka Hyo , Jin Toki , Fujimori Mimori , Nomura Shinji , Suzuki Daisuke , Fukuda Toma , Murata Tsuyoshi , Yasuda Shun , Yamaguchi Akiko , Nomura Yasuhisa , Fujimori Keiya 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAimTo examine the effect of weight gain during pregnancy on preeclampsia among women with a prepregnancy body mass index < 18.5 kg/m2.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study included 479 Japanese women with singleton pregnancies and a prepregnancy body mass index < 18.5 kg/m2, who gave birth between 2013 and 2019 at Ohta Nishinouchi Hospital. The study included 22 (18 with preeclampsia and four with gestational hypertension) and 457 patients with and without hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, respectively.ResultsThe prevalence of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and preeclampsia was 4.6% and 3.8%, respectively. With weight gain during pregnancy (continuous variable) set as a reference, multiple logistic regression revealed that excessive weight gain during pregnancy increased the risk of preeclampsia (adjusted odds ratio: 1.13, 95% confidence interval: 1.00–1.28, p < 0.05) and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (adjusted odds ratio: 1.15, 95% confidence interval: 1.03–1.29, p < 0.05). Based on receiver operating characteristic curve analyses (area under the curve 0.65, 95% confidence interval: 0.50–0.80; p < 0.05), we determined the cutoff value of weight gain during pregnancy for the occurrence of preeclampsia among women with body mass index < 18.5 kg/m2 to be 13.0 kg, with sensitivity and specificity of 0.50 and 0.78, respectively.ConclusionThis study indicates that excessive weight gain during pregnancy increases preeclampsia risk among underweight women and provides new recommendations for weight gain during pregnancy for such women. Further research regarding the pathogenesis of preeclampsia for underweight women is warranted.
Risk and Resilience Factors Associated With Frequency of School‐Based Health Center Use
Authors: Soleimanpour Samira , Geierstanger Sara , Lucas Ruby , Ng Sandy , Ferrey Ignacio 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDSchool‐based health centers (SBHCs) provide health care to vulnerable youth. The purpose of the study was to identify characteristics of youth who use SBHCs with the highest frequency to understand their health needs and receipt of health services.METHODSThis study examined cross‐sectional survey data from adolescents in 3 urban school districts (n = 2641) to identify the characteristics of youth who use SBHCs with high frequency (10+ visits). Analyses included calculations of simple frequencies and percentages, chi‐square tests of significance and multivariate regression.RESULTSHigh‐frequency SBHC users were more likely to have seriously considered attempting suicide (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 3.2), be sexually active (AOR: 6.8), and have been victimized at school (AOR: 2.2) compared to their peers who did not use the SBHC. High‐frequency SBHC users were also significantly more likely than their peers to report “always” getting mental health (AOR: 7.0) and sexual health (AOR: 6.6) care when needed, and having talked with a health care provider about their moods/feelings (AOR: 3.1) and how school is going (AOR: 3.2) in the past year.CONCLUSIONSThese findings hold important relevance to demonstrating the value of SBHCs in increasing vulnerable youth's access to health care, particularly in urban settings.
Transvenous electrical cardioversion of atrial fibrillation in horses: Horse and procedural factors correlated with success and recurrence
Authors: Vernemmen Ingrid , Van Steenkiste Glenn , Dufourni Alexander , Decloedt Annelies , van Loon Gunther 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundTransvenous electrical cardioversion (TVEC) is 1 of the main treatment options for atrial fibrillation (AF) in horses. Large‐scale studies on factors affecting success and prognosis have primarily been performed in Standardbred populations.Hypothesis/ObjectivesTo determine factors affecting cardioversion success, cardioversion difficulty and recurrence in a predominant Warmblood study sample.AnimalsTVEC records of 199 horses.MethodsRetrospective study of TVEC procedures of horses admitted for AF without severe echocardiographic abnormalities. Horse and procedural factors for success and cumulative amount of energy (≤ 600 J vs > 600 J) were determined using multivariable logistic regression. A survival analysis was performed to determine risk factors for recurrence.ResultsTwo hundred and thirty‐one TVEC procedures were included, with a 94.4% success rate and 31.9% recurrence rate (51/160). Mitral regurgitation (OR 0.151, 95% CI 0.032‐0.715, P = .02) and AF cycle length (OR 1.05, 95% CI 1.01‐1.09, P = .02) were independent determinants for success. Catheter type (OR 0.154, 95% CI 0.074‐0.322, P < .001), previous AF episode (OR 3.10, 95% CI 1.20‐8.01, P = .02), tricuspid regurgitation (OR 2.54, 95% CI 1.25‐5.13, P = .01), and body weight (OR 1.009, 95% CI 1.003‐1.015, P = .004) were significantly correlated with cumulative amount of energy delivered. Significant risk factors for recurrence after a first AF episode were sex (stallion; HR 3.05, 95% CI 1.34‐6.95, P = .008), mitral regurgitation (HR 1.91, 95% CI 1.08‐3.38, P = .03), and AF duration (HR 1.001, 95% CI 1.0001‐1.0026, P = .04).Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceBoth horse and procedural factors should be considered when assessing treatment options and prognosis in horses with AF.
RNA-seq analysis of green tea polyphenols modulation of differently expressed genes in Enterococcus faecalis under low pH
Authors: Yan Ruonan , Zhou Huan , Zheng Xiaojie , Zhang Xin 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Enterococcus faecasslis (E. faecalis) is a resident bacterium in the host. The increase in internal stress like low pH may affect the biological effects of E. faecalis. The prebiotic-like function of tea polyphenols can enhance the beneficial effects of its tolerance to environmental stress. In this study, RNA-sequence analysis was used to explore the protective effect of green tea polyphenols (GTP) on E. faecalis under low pH stress. A total of 28 genes were found to be responsive to GTP under low pH stress, including 16 up-regulated and 12 down-regulated. GTP intervention can partly relieve some undesired negative influences, such as the down-regulation of the base excision repair gene and amino acid transport and metabolism gene. The significantly changes were associated with selenocompound metabolism and aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis after the intervention of GTP. The present study provided new insights into the growth and continuous adaptation of E. faecalis under stress.
Variation in body mass and food intake of northern fur seals (Callorhinus ursinus)
Authors: McHuron Elizabeth A. , Rosen David A. S. , Carpenter Julie , Leonard Patricia , Sirpenski Gayle , Sterling Jeremy T. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractEstimates of prey and energy consumption are important for effective management and conservation of marine mammals and the ecosystems they inhabit. We used routinely collected husbandry data on body mass, food intake (kilograms), and energy intake (megajoules) from northern fur seals (Callorhinus ursinus) in zoological institutions to examine how these variables changed throughout the year, and with age, sex, and reproduction. Fur seals exhibited seasonal changes in all three variables, but the magnitude and timing of trends varied among age and sex groups. Notably, adult males exhibited rapid increases in body mass leading up to the breeding season. Fur seals were most efficient at converting energy intake to mass gain in the spring and least efficient in the fall. Intake increased into adulthood as animals grew in body mass. Sex‐specific differences in intake were detectable early in development, likely related to size dimorphism. Pregnancy was energetically inexpensive compared with lactation, with food and energy intake rapidly increasing post parturition to values that were double those during early pregnancy. This study highlights the importance of accounting for different age, sex, and life history stages when estimating prey consumption of northern fur seals.
Anal sphincter fatigability in assessing anal incontinence: A systematic review
Authors: Wickramasinghe Dakshitha , Wickramasinghe Nilanka , Kamburugamuwa Sohan Anjana , Samarasekera Nandadeva , Warusavitarne Janindra , Vaizey Carolynne 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundDiagnosing anal incontinence (AI) based on manometry results is challenging due to the variation of the normal values and overlap between patients with and without AI. This study aimed to perform a systematic review on the difference in sphincter fatigability between patients with and without AI.MethodsMEDLINE, EMBASE, SCOPUS, and Google Scholar were searched. Studies were included if they included adult patients and assessed anal sphincter fatigability between using manometry. The effect size was estimated as the standardized mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals. A random‐effects model was used.ResultsThe database searches identified 125 unique articles, and five additional articles were identified from the reference list of articles. One hundred thirteen were excluded through title and abstract review. Nine articles were included in the final analysis.There was no statistically significant difference in the resting pressure between the two groups. Patients with AI had significantly lower squeeze pressure. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in the fatigue rate.The FRI was significantly lower in patients with AI (SMD 1.636, p = 0.001).Approximately a third of the patients in one study were able to maintain a contraction for 20s without reducing pressure. There was significant heterogeneity in the studies. The data available were inadequate for more robust calculations.ConclusionsSphincter fatigability, measured by the Fatigability Rate Index, has good discriminating power for anal incontinence. A standardized protocol needs to be followed by future researchers.Graphical AbstractThe analysis used six studies with 413 patients to compare Fatigue Rate Index between patients with AI and controls. All studies reported a lower FRI in patients with incontinence and the FRI was significantly lower in patients with AI (standardized mean difference [SMD] 1.636, p= 0.001). Conflicting results were reported on the correlation between FRI and AI symptom scores.
Transvaginal rectocoele repair for the surgical treatment of a “symptomatic” rectocoele when conservative measures fail: A 12 year experience of 215 patients
Authors: Ferrari Linda , Cuinas Karina , Hainsworth Alison , Darakhshan Amir , Schizas Alexis , Kelleher Cornelius , Williams Andrew Brian 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundConservative measures are first‐line treatment for a “symptomatic” rectocoele, while surgery to correct the anatomical defect may be considered in selected cases. The standard repair offered in our trust is a native tissue transvaginal rectocoele repair (TVRR) combined with levatorplasty. The primary aim of the study was to conduct a retrospective study to assess the outcome of this procedure, while secondary aims were to assess whether specific characteristics and symptoms were associated with response to surgery.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective review of 215 patients who underwent TVRR in a single tertiary referral center between 2006 and 2018. In total, 97% of patients had symptoms of obstructive defecation syndrome (ODS) and 81% had a feeling of vaginal prolapse/bulge. We recorded in‐hospital and 30 days post‐operative complications and pre‐ and post‐operative symptoms.Key resultsThe majority of patients selected for surgery had rectocoele above 4 cm or medium size with contrast trapping. Mean length of hospital stay was 3.2 days. The in‐hospital complication rate was 11.2% with the most common complications being urinary retention (8.4%). Mean length of follow‐up was 12.7 months (SD 13.9, range 1.4–71.5) with global improvement of symptoms reported in 87.9% cases. Feeling of vaginal bulge improved in 80% of patients while ODS‐related symptoms improved in 58% of cases.Conclusions & inferencesThe data suggest that TVRR might be a valid option in patients with rectocoele when conservative treatment has failed. Overall patient satisfaction is good, with improvement of ODS symptoms.
Safety and efficacy of rapid drug desensitization in children
Authors: Esenboga Saliha , Akarsu Ayşegul , Ocak Melike , Gur Cetinkaya Pınar , Sahiner Umit Murat , Sekerel Bulent Enis , Soyer Ozge 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundAny drug taken at the recommended dosage may cause hypersensitivity reactions (DHR). Rapid drug desensitization (RDD) protocols have been developed in the case of a confirmed or highly suspected HSR to allow safe administration of the medicine when there is no alternative drug or in the presence of a less effective or more toxic alternative. The aim of this study was to evaluate the characteristics of children who underwent desensitization, the safety and efficacy of RDD in children, as well as, the characteristics and management of breakthrough reactions.MethodThis retrospective study concerned children who underwent RDD due to physician‐diagnosed HSRs during or up to 48 hours after the infusion of various drugs between February 2010‐February 2021. Patients with a chronic disease needing chronic drug usage and acute infections seen in patients with chronic diseases were included. The results of RDD were documented.ResultsThe study included 48 patients [8.1(IQR = 3.32–13.4) years, 60.4% male] with 58 HSRs of which 62.1% were classified as moderate and 5.2% as severe. Most of the patients were being treated for leukemia (41.7%), solid tumors (29.2%), and infections (6.3%). Skin tests were done for 41 out of 58 HSRs in 35 patients, and twenty of them were positive. A total of 269 RDDs were performed for 18 different drugs. Ninety percent of desensitizations were achieved with no reaction, and 3.7% and 5.6% with mild and moderate reactions, respectively. In multivariate analysis, skin test positivity was the only risk factor for breakthrough reactions (OR = 8.5, CI = 1.72–42.15, p = .009).ConclusionWe demonstrated the safety and efficacy of RDD in childhood, thereby offered the first line treatment options to children with chronic diseases with hypersensitivity reactions (HSRs).
Degradation of oxalic acid produced by Botrytis elliptica infection in two ploidy levels of Lilium rosthornii Diels
Authors: Wang L. , Yan X. , Hu H. , Li J. , Jia G. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract

Oxalic acid (OA) is a crucial pathogenic factor for Sclerotinia spp. fungi, which is closely related to Botrytis spp. fungi. Whether OA is a pathogenic factor for the causal agent of grey mould in lily, Botrytis elliptica, and the response of lily to OA are poorly understood.

To address these questions, lesion tissues and deposition of calcium oxalate (CaOX) and callose were observed in diploid and tetraploid leaves of L. rosthornii after inoculation with B. elliptica. Oxalate oxidase (OXO) activity and the transcript levels of some genes related to OA degradation (LrGLP1, LrGLP2 and LrWRKY4), reactive oxygen species (ROS) production/scavenging systems (LrRBOHD, LrGST, LrPOD and LrAPX1) and pathogen‐related protein (PR) synthesis (LrCHI, LrBGL and LrPR10) were compared.

After diploid and tetraploid leaves inoculation, lesion tissue and callose and CaOX were separately observed around in guard cells and stomata rather than the epidermis in the infected area. OXO activity was triggered at 2 h post‐inoculation (hpi) in both ploidy leaves, and it was higher in the latter from 12‐48 hpi. Expression of LrGLP1, LrGLP2, LrRBOHD, LrGST, LrPOD, LrCHI, LrBGL and LrPR10 was higher in tetraploids than in diploids from 24(12)–36(48) hpi.

In conclusion, for B. elliptica, OA mainly chelates Ca2+ from the stomata cell wall. The strong capability to degrade OA and higher expression levels of some genes related to ROS accumulation/scavenging and PR synthesis may partially explain the relatively higher grey mould resistance of tetraploid L. rosthornii.
Prevalence of Berkeleyomyces basicola infections in black rot‐affected carrot determined using the MCM7 gene region
Authors: Cavalcante Suzilâine Y. S. , Veloso Josiene S. , Machado Alexandre R. , Câmara Marcos P. S. , Gomes André A. M. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThielaviopsis and related taxa are responsible for losses in several agricultural crops. In carrot these pathogens can cause black rot, mainly after harvesting. Molecular studies using species‐specific DNA sequences are the principal tools for accurate identification of these pathogens. The objective of this work was to investigate which taxa are associated with black rot in carrot in Brazil using gene markers and Bayesian phylogenetic analysis. Eighteen isolates were obtained from carrots with symptoms of black rot. Through morphological characteristics all isolates were classified as Thielaviopsis‐like. Bayesian inference using only MCM7 sequences and a concatenated data set (LSU, MCM7 and 60S rRNA) allowed identification of all isolates as belonging to Berkeleyomyces basicola. All isolates induced black rot in carrot. Although our studies include a small number of isolates, the results indicate the likely predominance of B. basicola in causing black rot in carrot in Brazil, and that MCM7 sequences are enough to distinguish the Berkeleyomyces species by Bayesian inference.
Can blood progesterone concentration identify non‐pregnant buffaloes to support oestrous resynchronization?
Authors: Codognoto Viviane M. , Souza Fabiana F. , Salgado Letícia C. , Rizzoto Guilherme , Yamada Paulo H. , Marques Nayara F. S. , Carvalho Nélcio A. T. , Dantas Ariane , Mesquita Ana Victória Pereira , Ferreira João C. P. , Oba Eunice 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis study compared the plasma progesterone concentrations from pregnant and non‐pregnant buffaloes to identify non‐pregnant females and submit cows earlier to oestrous resynchronization. Forty‐four multiparous mix‐breed Murrah buffaloes were selected for the study. The cows were subjected to hormonal oestrous synchronization and separated into 4 groups, P12 (pregnant, n = 8) and P18 (n = 8) at 12 and 18 days post‐insemination; NP12 (non‐pregnant, n = 7) and NP18 (n = 7) at 23 and 29 days after the onset of synchronization, respectively. The embryos and blood were collected, and the plasma was separated for centrifugation and used to determine progesterone concentration. Progesterone concentration was higher in P18 than P12 (p = .02) and NP18 groups (p < .001). The steroid was also increased in the P12 group compared with NP12 (p = .031). There was no difference between NP12 and NP18 (p = .906). We conclude that the plasma progesterone concentration can be an alternative to identify earlier non‐pregnant buffaloes, advancing the oestrous resynchronization or natural service to improve productivity.
Hit by the Silk Road: how wage coordination in Europe mitigates the China shock*
Authors: Barth Erling , Finseraas Henning , Kjelsrud Anders , Moene Kalle 
Published: March 2022

AbstractCoordination in collective wage setting can constrain potential monopoly gains to unions in non‐tradable industries. Countries with national wage coordination can thus stabilize overall employment against fluctuations and shocks in the world economy. We investigate this argument by exploring within‐country variation in exposure to competition from China in 13 European countries. Our estimates demonstrate that in countries with uncoordinated wage setting, regions with higher import exposure experienced a marked fall in employment, while countries with wage coordination experienced no such employment effects. We show that our findings are robust to alternative measures of wage coordination, industry classifications, and trade exposure.
ScannerS: parameter scans in extended scalar sectors
Authors: Mühlleitner Margarete , Sampaio Marco O. P. , Santos Rui , Wittbrodt Jonas 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe present the public code that performs parameter scans and checks parameter points in theories beyond the Standard Model (BSM) with extended scalar sectors. incorporates theoretical and experimental constraints from many different sources in order to judge whether a parameter point is allowed or excluded at approximately $${95}{\%}~\text {{CL}}$$

95
%

CL

. The BSM models implemented in include many popular BSM models such as singlet extensions, different versions of the Two-Higgs-Doublet Model, or the different phases of the Next-to Two-Higgs-Doublet Model. The framework allows straightforward extensions by additional constraints and BSM models.