bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinician Acceptance of Order Sets for Pain Management: A Survey in Two Urban Hospitals
Authors: Liu Yifan , Hao Haijing , Sharma Mohit M. , Harris Yonaka , Scofi Jean , Trepp Richard , Farmer Brenna , Ancker Jessica S. , Zhang Yiye 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background Order sets are a clinical decision support (CDS) tool in computerized provider order entry systems. Order set use has been associated with improved quality of care. Particularly related to opioids and pain management, order sets have been shown to standardize and reduce the prescription of opioids. However, clinician-level barriers often limit the uptake of this CDS modality.
Objective To identify the barriers to order sets adoption, we surveyed clinicians on their training, knowledge, and perceptions related to order sets for pain management.
Methods We distributed a cross-sectional survey between October 2020 and April 2021 to clinicians eligible to place orders at two campuses of a major academic medical center. Survey questions were adapted from the widely used framework of Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology. We hypothesize that performance expectancy (PE) and facilitating conditions (FC) are associated with order set use. Survey responses were analyzed using logistic regression.
Results The intention to use order sets for pain management was associated with PE to existing order sets, social influence (SI) by leadership and peers, and FC for electronic health record (EHR) training and function integration. Intention to use did not significantly differ by gender or clinician role. Moderate differences were observed in the perception of the effort of, and FC for, order set use across gender and roles of clinicians, particularly emergency medicine and internal medicine departments.
Conclusion This study attempts to identify barriers to the adoption of order sets for pain management and suggests future directions in designing and implementing CDS systems that can improve order sets adoption by clinicians. Study findings imply the importance of order set effectiveness, peer influence, and EHR integration in determining the acceptability of the order sets.
Percutaneous Interventions for Symptomatic Cholelithiasis and Acute Cholecystitis
Authors: Ragulojan Ranjan , Fradkin Talia , D'Souza Donna 
Published: April 2022

AbstractLaparoscopic cholecystectomy is considered the standard treatment option for symptomatic cholelithiasis and acute cholecystitis. However, in non-surgical candidates or patients meeting criteria of severe presentation, percutaneous cholecystostomy is the recommended approach to management, generally with the intent of eventual cholecystectomy. Should interval cholecystectomy not be an option, additional novel percutaneous techniques for stone extraction and/or gallbladder ablation have shown success in the recent literature and, along with cholecystostomy, are presented in this review.
Biliary Obstruction: An Overview
Authors: Maslyanko Maria A. , Schlarb Alexander , Romain Mike , O'Neal Daniel W. , Powell Charleston R. , Lustig Adam C. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractThe biliary system plays a vital role in maintaining the physiologic functions of the human body; therefore, biliary obstruction requires prompt diagnosis to prevent further complications and decrease mortality. The vast array of benign and malignant etiologies that cause biliary obstruction make diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making challenging. Ultrasound is often the first diagnostic modality utilized. It is safe, non-invasive, and quick to obtain, but lacks the ability to diagnose the more ominous causes of biliary obstruction. Additional modalities to evaluate the biliary tree include CT, MRI, MRC, MRCP, ERCP, and PTC. This review outlines the importance of the biliary system, provides the clinical presentation of biliary obstruction, and examines the available imaging and treatment modalities and when to appropriately use them.
Small-molecule IKKβ activation modulator (IKAM) targets MAP3K1 and inhibits pancreatic tumor growth
Authors: Napoleon John Victor , Sagar Satish , Kubica Sydney P. , Boghean Lidia , Kour Smit , King Hannah M. , Sonawane Yogesh A. , Crawford Ayrianne J. , Gautam Nagsen , Kizhake Smitha , Bialk Pawel A. , Kmiec Eric , Mallareddy Jayapal Reddy , Patil Prathamesh P. , Rana Sandeep , Singh Sarbjit , Prahlad Janani , Grandgenett Paul M. , Borgstahl Gloria E. O. , Ghosal Gargi , Alnouti Yazen , Hollingsworth Michael A. , Radhakrishnan Prakash , Natarajan Amarnath 
Published: April 2022

Significance
Pancreatic cancer is a deadly disease with limited therapeutic options. High expression of the kinase MAP3K1 is associated with poor survival among pancreatic cancer patients. MAP3K1 activates the kinase IKKβ, and our studies show that higher levels of activated IKKβ are found in patient-derived tumors as opposed to the surrounding normal tissue. We also show that inhibition of MAP3K1 by a drug-like compound 39-100 results in reduced levels of activated IKKβ. This leads to reduced tumor growth and reduced metastasis in pancreatic cancer models. Therefore, drug candidates like 39-100, that are IKKβ activation modulators, can be developed to treat pancreatic cancer.
Convergent total synthesis of (+)-calcipotriol: A scalable, modular approach to vitamin D analogs
Authors: Gu Jieyu , Rodriguez Kevin X. , Kanda Yuzuru , Yang Shenghua , Ociepa Michal , Wilke Henrik , Abrishami Arteen V. , Jørgensen Lars , Skak-Nielsen Tine , Chen Jason S. , Baran Phil S. 
Published: April 2022

Significance
Vitamin D (VitD), a group of secosteroids, has proved to be an essential molecule in supporting overall human health. Structurally, modification at C20 has led to the discovery of novel analogs with a wide range of biological targets. Among them, calcipotriol (Daivonex; LEO Pharma) has been a proven clinical drug for the treatment of psoriasis, an autoimmune skin disease. This work relates to an improved process for the preparation of intermediates useful for the preparation of a range of VitD derivatives, including calcipotriol, and to processes for preparation of calcipotriol. Strategic bond disconnections enable de novo syntheses of both A- and CD-rings not wedded to semisynthesis.
Brap regulates liver morphology and hepatocyte turnover via modulation of the Hippo pathway
Authors: Priest Christina , Nagari Rohith T. , Bideyan Lara , Lee Stephen D. , Nguyen Alexander , Xiao Xu , Tontonoz Peter 
Published: April 2022

Significance
The liver has a complex cellular architecture that is essential for its function. In this work, we show that BRAP, a ubiquitin ligase of poorly understood function, is required for maintenance of proper liver morphology. BRAP deletion in the liver causes disruption of its normal architecture and inflammation due to altered expression of genes involved in cell growth and extracellular interactions. This work sheds light on the mechanisms that maintain proper liver structure and has implications for liver disease.
Kick effect of enzymes causes filament compression
Authors: Mao Dan-jian , Qin Chao-ran , Tian Wen-de 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
We investigate the influence of enzymes on the structure and dynamics of a filament by dissipative particle dynamics simulations. Enzyme exerts a kick force on the filament monomer. We pay particular attention to two factors: the magnitude of kick force and enzyme concentration. Large kick force as well as high enzyme concentration prefers a remarkable compression of the filament reminiscent of the effective depletion interaction owing to an effective increase in enzyme size and the reduction of solvent quality. Additionally, the kick effect gives rise to an increase of enzyme density from the center-of-mass of the filament to its periphery. Moreover, the increase of enzyme concentration and kick force also causes a decrease in relaxation time. Our finding is helpful to understand the role of catalytic force in chemo-mechano-biological function and the filament behavior under chemical reaction via kick-induced change of solvent quality.
A generalized algorithm for the automatic diagnosis of sleep apnea from per-sample encoding of airflow and oximetry
Authors: Uddin M B , Chow C M , Ling S H , Su S W 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Objective. Sleep apnea is a common sleep breathing disorder that can significantly decrease sleep quality and have major health consequences. It is diagnosed based on the apnea hypopnea index (AHI). This study explored a novel, generalized algorithm for the automatic diagnosis of sleep apnea employing airflow (AF) and oximetry (SpO2) signals. Approach. Of the 988 polysomnography records, 45 were randomly selected for developing the automatic algorithm and the remainder 943 for validating purposes. The algorithm detects apnea events by a per-sample encoding process applied to the peak excursion of AF signal. Hypopnea events were detected from the per-sample encoding of AF and SpO2 with an adjustment to time lag in SpO2. Total recording time was automatically processed and optimized for computation of total sleep time (TST). Total number of detected events and computed TST were used to estimate AHI. The estimated AHI was validated against the scored data from the Sleep Heart Health Study. Main results. Intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.94 was obtained between estimated and scored AHIs. The diagnostic accuracies were 93.5%, 92.4%, and 96.6% for AHI cut-off values of ≥5, ≥15, and ≥30 respectively. The overall accuracy for the combined severity categories (normal, mild, moderate, and severe) and kappa were 83.4% and 0.77 respectively. Significance. This new automatic technique was found to be superior to the other existing methods and can be applied to any portable sleep devices especially for home sleep apnea tests.
Experimental distinction of the molecularly induced Balmer emission contribution and its application for inferring molecular divertor density with 2D filtered camera measurements during detachment in JET L-mode plasmas
Authors: Karhunen J , Holm A , Lomanowski B , Solokha V , Aleiferis S , Carvalho P , Groth M , Lawson K D , Meigs A G , Shaw A 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
A previously presented model for generating 2D estimates of the divertor plasma conditions at JET from deuterium Balmer line intensity ratios, obtained from tomographic reconstructions of divertor camera images, was amended to consider also the Balmer emission arising from molecular processes. Utilizing the AMJUEL and H2VIBR atomic and molecular databases of EIRENE enabled also inference of the molecular divertor density from the distinguished molecularly induced emission. Analysis of a JET L-mode density scan suggests the molecularly induced emission accounting for up to 60%–70% and 10%–20% of the Balmer D

α

and D

γ

intensities, respectively, at the onset of detachment, while electron-ion recombination becomes increasingly dominant with deepening detachment. Similar observations were made by post-processing EDGE2D-EIRENE simulations, which indicated significant roles of molecular D

2
+

ions and vibrational excitation of the D2 molecules as precursors for the molecularly induced emission. The experimentally inferred molecular density at the outer strike point was found to increase monotonously with decreasing strike point temperature, reaching approximately 30%–50% of the local electron density at

n

m
o
l

,

o
s
p

=

1–2

×

10

20

m−3 at

T

e
,
o
s
p

≈

0.7 eV. A further steep increase by a factor of 3–5 was observed with decrease of

T

e
,
o
s
p

to 0.5 eV. The observations are in qualitative and reasonable quantitative agreement with EDGE2D-EIRENE predictions of

n

m
o
l

,

o
s
p

within the uncertainties of the experimental data.
A single gate SiGe/Si tunnel FET with rectangular HfO2 dielectric pocket to improve I
on/I
amb current ratio
Authors: Panda Shwetapadma , Mishra Guru Prasad , Dash Sidhartha 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The ambipolar conduction in the tunnel field-effect transistors (TFETs) is considered the primary hindrance in its usage in complimentary digital circuits and low-power applications. The higher ambipolarity puts a serious question on the efficiency of a TFET, which is a result of channel/drain (C/D) tunneling. This further leads to a significant reduction in the current switching ratio (I
on/I
amb). This paper presents an n-type Si0.6Ge0.4/Si heterostructure TFET with a rectangular dielectric pocket (RDP) to maximize I
on/I
amb current ratio. This has been achieved by suppressing the ambipolarity and improving the on current simultaneously. The existence of Si1−x
Gex in the source and silicon channel provides improved on current (I
on) with controlled leakage current (I
off). Similarly, high-k RDP in the drain reduces ambipolar current (I
amb) significantly and thus, exhibits a higher I
on/I
amb ratio. The different parameters such as x-distance from the C/D interface, y-distance from the gate/drain interface, and dielectric constant has been considered to provide a higher I
on/I
amb ratio of

6.30
×

10
7

. The effect of the presence of interface trap charges and variable Ge mole fraction has been studied. The current ratio can be further improved to

4.0
×

10

12

with an underlap length of 25 nm.
Using Pantheon and Hubble parameter data to constrain the Ricci dark energy in a Bianchi I Universe
Authors: Najafi A , Hossienkhani H 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In this work, we use the most recent publicly available type Ia supernova (SNIa) compilations and H(z) data. A well formulated cosmological model based on Bianchi type I (BI) metric is implemented in the presence of the Ricci dark energy model. Using the maximum likelihood technique, we estimate the present value of Hubble’s constant H
0 = 70.339 ± 0.743, matter density parameter

Ω

m

0

=
0.297
±
0.031

, anisotropy parameter

Ω

σ

0

=

−0.004 01 ± 0.001 07 within

1
σ
′

confidence level by bounding our derived model with recent joint Pantheon and H(z) data. We have constrained the present value of the equation of state parameter as ω
de = −1.17 joint with the observational data. The present value of the deceleration parameter of the Universe in the derived model is obtained as

q

0

=
−

0.749

−
0.086

+
0.076

. Transition redshift is also derived as

z

tr

∼
0.551

with the recent observations (Pantheon + H(z)) datasets. Finally, we compare the anisotropy effects on the evolution of H(z) for the proposed model under consideration with different observational datasets.
Quasinormal modes and absorption of a massless scalar field for the magnetic Gauss–Bonnet black hole
Authors: Ma Chen , Zhang Yu , Li Qian , Lin Zhi-Wen 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
We study the massless scalar quasinormal frequencies of an asymptotically flat static and spherically symmetric black hole with a nonzero magnetic charge in four-dimensional extended scalar-tensor-Gauss–Bonnet theory. The results show that the real part of the quasinormal frequency becomes larger and the imaginary part becomes smaller with increasing the magnetic charge or the angular harmonic index. The existence of magnetic charges will reduce the damping of scalar perturbation, but increase the frequency. We also study the absorption cross-section of the scalar field in this black hole. We find that its curve will become lower as the magnetic charge increases, i.e. the magnetic charge will weaken the absorption capacity of the black hole. Meanwhile, the high-frequency limit of the total absorption cross-section is just the area of black hole shadow.
Supercell symmetry modified spectral statistics of Kramers–Weyl fermions*
Authors: Lemut G , Pacholski M J , Tworzydło J , Beenakker C W J 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
We calculate the spectral statistics of the Kramers–Weyl Hamiltonian H = v∑
α

σ

α
sin p

α
+ tσ
0∑
α
cos p

α
in a chaotic quantum dot. The Hamiltonian has symplectic time-reversal symmetry (H is invariant when spin σ

α
and momentum p

α
both change sign), and yet for small t the level spacing distributionP(s) ∝s

β
follows the β = 1 orthogonal ensemble instead of the β = 4 symplectic ensemble. We identify a supercell symmetry of H that explains this finding. The supercell symmetry is broken by the spin-independent hopping energy ∝t cos p, which induces a transition from β = 1 to β = 4 statistics that shows up in the conductance as a transition from weak localization to weak antilocalization.
Air quality status before, during and after the pandemic COVID-19 Movement Control Order (MCO) at urban and suburban areas in Malaysia
Authors: Zahid A Z M , Bakar A A A , Halim N F M , Salleh M Z M 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
A severe acute respiratory syndrome, COVID-19 outbreak started in December 2019 reported in the city of Wuhan, China has spread rapidly in other countries around the world. Declared as a pandemic, the lockdowns, industrial shutdowns, closing international borders and overall reduced mobility of the population either for tourism or work commutes have led to air pollution reduction. The lockdown implemented worldwide including Malaysia has come as a respite to the environment, especially in air pollutant levels. Utilizing the Air Pollutant Index (API) data recorded on an hourly basis throughout different series of national lockdown phases, this study is undertaken to evaluate the air quality status before, during and after the implementation of MCO by comparing the selected urban and suburban areas in Malaysia. Six (6) locations including Bandaraya Melaka, Cheras and Alor Setar (urban) and Seri Manjung, Kangar and Kuantan (suburban) were chosen in this study. The result revealed that the air quality has shown improvements after a further extension of lockdown days at both urban (API 36.3-61.5%) and suburban areas (API 46.5-48.6%). It has indirectly changed the air quality status from ‘moderate’ to ‘good’ in all 6 urban and suburban areas. The air quality trends, however, gradually deteriorate and has increased as more restrictions were eased at a later stage. The implementation of lockdown measures not only restricted the spread of infection rate but has reduced ambient air pollutants levels that lead to enhanced air quality. The results obtained in this study can be a useful insight for the regulatory agencies in controlling air pollution and restore the environment quality.
A review of plastic and microplastic pollution towards the Malaysian marine environment
Authors: Tan E , Jaafar N F , Aileen Tan S H , Mohd Zanuri N B 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Abstract Plastics are widely used in daily lives but uncontrollably dumped into the ocean by humans. Plastic pollution is harmful to the marine environment and organisms as it can break down into microplastics (MPs) and release chemicals into the water. Microplastics (MPs) are small, fragmented plastic pieces (< 5mm) that exist in every part of the ocean. MPs are problematic because they are hard to recover and can be easily consumed by marine organisms, resulting in bioaccumulation and biomagnification in the food chain. Malaysia is a tropical country located at the heart of Southeast Asia (SEA) and owns diverse marine ecosystems and organisms. Malaysia is affected by plastic pollution due to rapid development and intense economic activities. In this paper, we discuss the plastic pollution crisis in Malaysia and its contributing factor. We review the possible effect on the marine environment in Malaysia. Knowledge gaps to manage plastic pollution in Malaysia are also addressed. As MPs are consistently discovered in different compartments of the Malaysian marine environment, there is an urgency to develop a better waste management system and strong cooperation from all societal levels to handle plastic pollution in the country.
Precision Agriculture Using Internet Of Thingsin Regosol Soil
Authors: Charibaldi N , Saidi D , Kodong F R 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The utilization of information and communication technology, especially the Internet of Things (IoT) can use sensors (along with the application interface). Sensors are able to measure features in the soil at any time such as pH, humidity and nutrients. Measurements can be made at any time, meaning the sensor is also able to monitor changes in the value of these features. This study aims to implement an Internet of Things (IoT) Information System to measure and monitor humidity, pH, and NPK levels in Regosol soil planted with mustard greens with capillary irrigation and liquid organic fertilizer. This study used a completely randomized design with two factors, namely the type of liquid organic fertilizer and the number of capillary irrigation wicks. The first factor consists of 4 levels: P0: No liquid organic fertilizer, P1: 5 liters/ha Liquid organic fertilizer from household waste, P2: 5 liters/ha Liquid organic fertilizer from Biduri leaves, P3 : 300 kg/ha NPK fertilizer. The second factor consists of 3 levels: I0: No capillary irrigation, I1: Capillary irrigation with 1 wick, I2: Capillary irrigation with 2 wicks. The results showed that the soil moisture during the growth of mustard greens was 16.59% to 23.48%, the more capillary wick, the higher the soil moisture, the average water requirement for mustard plant growth was 3.16 liters. The application of liquid organic fertilizer has a significant effect on soil pH and soil NPK levels. Capillary irrigation had a significant effect on soil pH, but had no significant effect on soil NPK levels.
Significant role of Corporate to Reduce Farmers Poverty: A Lesson from Eastern Kalimantan, Indonesia
Authors: Suhadi I , Irham J , Mulyo H , Jamhari  
Published: April 2022

Abstract
CSR implementation in Indonesia is regulated within the Republic of Indonesia Law Number 40 of 2007. Supported by these regulations, the implementation of CSR has the same goal as the agricultural development goal, namely to improve the welfare of the farmers. Among the sustainable development goals which will be collaborated with CSR is the poverty reduction within the agricultural sector. There are many studies on CSR disclosure within the company’s perspective, but an overview of the role of CSR implementation in agriculture in reducing farmer poverty remains limited. To find out the poverty level of farmers before and after receiving CSR assistance is part of the purpose of this study. In addition, this study also wants to prove whether CSR assistance has an impact on reducing the poverty level of farmers. This activity was carried out in East Kutai, East Kalimantan Province with 61 farmers spread over 4 villages which were selected purposively. Identification of poverty levels is based on the Central Bureau of Statistics criteria, index of headcount, index of poverty depth, and index of poverty severity. Meanwhile, to find out the impact of CSR assistance, it’s seen through the difference in poverty levels before and after receiving CSR assistance and is tested statistically. The results indicated that CSR assistance had a significant effect on reducing the poverty rate of farmers, from 16.4% to 5.8%. This finding showed that the implementation of CSR assistance is able to contribute positively in overcoming a very important problem in the agricultural sector, namely reducing farmer poverty.
The potency of Vis/NIR spectroscopy for classification of soybean based of colour
Authors: Pahlawan M F R , Murti B M A , Masithoh R E 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Soybean in various colour is easy to identify using human eyes. However, it is hard to perform manual method for on-line production. Therefore, detection of colour for sorting the soybean is important especially for industries which require a rapid and real-time task. This research was conducted to study the potency of a modular type of VIS/NIR spectroscopy at wavelength of 350-1000 nm to classify black, green, and yellow of soybean seed and flour. Principal component analysis (PCA) and PCA Linear discriminant analysis (PCA-LDA) were used based on various spectra pre-processing techniques. Results showed that PCA-LDA model was able to classify soybean seeds of 97% accuracy and soybean flour of 100% accuracy.