bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
From rural exodus to repopulation in Mexico's Mixteca Alta? Analyzing differential trends
Authors: Lorenzen Matthew 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis paper analyzes differential trends in rural depopulation and repopulation in nine municipalities of Mexico's Mixteca Alta region, in the southern state of Oaxaca, based on census data and interviews carried out in 2019. From 1950 to 2000, the study area experienced a substantial loss of population, linked essentially to out‐migration to Mexico City. However, from 2000 to 2020, four of the municipalities regained population, while the remaining five continued losing residents. This repopulation is explained by a declining but still positive natural population growth combined with less out‐migration and slightly more in‐migration, linked to growing return migration. However, in‐migration is too small to meaningfully explain the transition from massive depopulation to repopulation, meaning that concepts such as counterurbanization and rurbanization are not easily transposed onto the study area, as they centre their attention on the in‐migration of former urban dwellers. The paper thus highlights the importance of population retention—explained by local tertiarization, the possibility of commuting to nearby small cities, and the weakening of traditional pull factors—as key to understanding rural repopulation in the study area.
Action of Matricaria recutita (chamomile) in the management of radiochemotherapy oral mucositis: A systematic review
Authors: de Lima Dantas Juliana Borges , Freire Tila Fortuna Costa , Sanches Ana Carla Barletta , Julião Erielma Lomba Dias , Medrado Alena Ribeiro Alves Peixoto , Martins Gabriela Botelho 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of topical chamomile in the prevention and/or treatment of oral mucositis (OM) in cancer patients. It was a systematic review, which sought articles of the randomized clinical trial according to the PRISMA parameters, registered in the PROSPERO. The databases used were PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Bireme. Descriptors were selected from DeCs/MeSH and the PICO strategy was applied. The search found 148 publications. After all the steps, six articles were selected. The total sample included 492 patients and all studies used the same OM measurement scale. The results showed that the application of topical chamomile was effective in the prevention and/or treatment of OM in four of the six studies, with a dose ranging from 1% to 2.5% and duration that ranged from single to 4 times a day. Some limitations were observed: the minimum age of the patients was not informed, and there was no specification of the sites involved or the chemotherapies used. The application of topical chamomile in the preventive/therapeutic of chemo‐induced OM seems to be recommended. In addition, scientific production should be encouraged, as it aims to determine useful protocols for this phytotherapy for the oncology population.
How does the extent of fibrosis in adenomyosis lesions contribute to heavy menstrual bleeding?
Authors: Huang Qingqing , Liu Xishi , Critchley Hilary , Fu Zhongpeng , Guo Sun‐Wei 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPurposeTo investigate how the extent of fibrosis in adenomyosis lesions contributes to heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB).MethodsWe recruited 57 women with histologically confirmed adenomyosis, 29 of whom reported moderate/heavy bleeding (MHB) (menstrual blood loss (MBL) ≥20 but <100 mL) and the remaining 28, excessive MBL (EXB; ≥100 mL). Lesional stiffness was measured by transvaginal elastosonography. Full‐thickness uterine tissue columns containing the lesion and its neighboring endometrial‐myometrial interface (EMI) and endometrial tissues were evaluated for tissue fibrosis and immunohistochemical analysis of HIF‐1α, COX‐2, EP2, and EP4.ResultsThe lesional stiffness in the EXB group was significantly higher than that of MHB, and consistently, the extent of lesional fibrosis and the extent of tissue fibrosis in both EMI and eutopic endometrium were also significantly higher. In adenomyotic lesions and their neighboring EMI and eutopic endometrial tissues, the immunostaining of HIF‐1α, COX‐2, EP2, and EP4 was significantly reduced. The extent of fibrosis and the immunostaining levels of HIF‐1α, COX‐2, EP2, and EP4 were negatively correlated in all tissues.ConclusionsLesional fibrosis begets stiffening matrix, propagating fibrosis to neighboring EMI and eutopic endometrium, resulting in reduced PGE2 and HIF‐1α signaling, and thus likely reduced hypoxia necessary for endometrial repair, leading to HMB.
Multifold Integration of Printed and Holographic Meta‐Image Displays Enabled by Dual‐Degeneracy
Authors: Zhou Zhou , Wang Yiqun , Chen Chen , Fu Rao , Guan Zhiqiang , Li Zile , Zheng Guoxing , Yu Shaohua 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBy virtue of the unprecedented ability of manipulating the optical parameters, metasurfaces open up a new avenue for realizing ultra‐compact image displays, e.g., nanoprinting on the surface and holographic displaying in the far‐field. The multifold integration of these two functions into a single metasurface can undoubtedly expand the functionality and increase the information capacity. In this study, a minimalist tri‐channel metasurface is proposed and experimentally demonstrated with multifold integration of printed and holographic displaying, which can generate two N‐bit grayscale images and a four‐step holographic image simultaneously. Benefiting from exploiting the degeneracy of energy allocation and the degeneracy of nanostructure orientations, the functionalities of nanoprinting and holography are combined without the need of a large amount of nanostructures with varied dimensions, which would facilitate both the metasurface design and fabrication. The proposed scheme provides a new idea in enhancing the functionality and capacity of metasurfaces without complicating their design, which has promising prospects for applications in ultra‐compact image displays, high‐density optical storage, optical anti‐counterfeiting and many other related fields.
3D Vertically Aligned Microchannel Three‐Layer All Ceramic Lithium Ion Battery for High‐Rate and Long‐Cycle Electrochemical Energy Storage
Authors: Ji Shuaijing , Wang Xinjian , Li Kunze , Huan Yu , Ma Guanjun , Su Yuanhui , Wei Tao 
Published: February 2022

AbstractDue to the growing energy and safety demands, rechargeable all‐solid‐state Li+ batteries using metallic Li anode and ceramic‐based electrolytes have attracted extensive attentions. However, the inherent safety problem of Li metal anode, the ceramic‐electrode low Li+ conductivity, and the high electrolyte/electrode solid–solid interfacial impedance slow the development of high‐performance all‐solid‐state batteries. In this work, a three‐layer all ceramic battery with Li4Ti5O12 ceramic as anode, LiCoO2 as cathode, and Li0.34La0.56TiO3 as electrolyte to solve the safety problem is proposed. The low Li+ conductivity of electrodes are effectively addressed by fabricating the electrode/electrolyte composite electrodes in 3D vertically aligned microchannel structures. The large interfacial impedance is greatly reduced by co‐constructing the microchannel‐dense‐microchannel structure with high Li+ conducting electrolytes. Experimental results reveal that a working cell by applying the 3D vertically aligned microchannel three‐layer all ceramic structure enables high energy storage at 2 C rate and long cycling stability for more than 500 times.
Plasmonic LAMP: Improving the Detection Specificity and Sensitivity for SARS‐CoV‐2 by Plasmonic Sensing of Isothermally Amplified Nucleic Acids
Authors: Ye Haihang , Nowak Chance , Liu Yaning , Li Yi , Zhang Tingting , Bleris Leonidas , Qin Zhenpeng 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe ability to detect pathogens specifically and sensitively is critical to combat infectious diseases outbreaks and pandemics. Colorimetric assays involving loop‐mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) provide simple readouts yet suffer from the intrinsic non‐template amplification. Herein, a highly specific and sensitive assay relying on plasmonic sensing of LAMP amplicons via DNA hybridization, termed as plasmonic LAMP, is developed for the severe acute respiratory syndrome‐related coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) RNA detection. This work has two important advances. First, gold and silver (Au–Ag) alloy nanoshells are developed as plasmonic sensors that have 4‐times stronger extinction in the visible wavelengths and give a 20‐times lower detection limit for oligonucleotides over Au counterparts. Second, the integrated method allows cutting the complex LAMP amplicons into short repeats that are amendable for hybridization with oligonucleotide‐functionalized Au–Ag nanoshells. In the SARS‐CoV‐2 RNA detection, plasmonic LAMP takes ≈75 min assay time, achieves a detection limit of 10 copies per reaction, and eliminates the contamination from non‐template amplification. It also shows better detection specificity and sensitivity over commercially available LAMP kits due to the additional sequence identification. This work opens a new route for LAMP amplicon detection and provides a method for virus testing at its early representation.
An Investigation into the Effective Removal of VOCs Released from Wood Drying using Rare Metal‐Organic Frameworks
Authors: Hu Zichu , An Yuhong , Zhang Wanqi , Zhong Yuan , Chen Zhangjing , Wang Boyun , Wang Sunguo , Wang Qiang , Li Xinran , Zhang Xiaotao , Wang Ximing 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis work reported the synthesis of Ce‐MOF and Nd‐MOF adsorption materials using the solvothermal method with the rare earth metals Ce3+ and Nd3+ as the particle center and discussed the adsorption effect of the two synthesized nanomaterials on the VOCs released by dry wood. The porous morphology of the material increases the benzene gas contact area. The maximum adsorption capacity of benzene, according to the Langmuir model, is 128.98 mg/g and 132.22 mg/g, respectively. The method has a large adsorption capacity, good adsorption effect, non‐toxic and harmless, low recycling cost, recyclable multiple times, simple operation, stable structure, no secondary environmental pollution, etc., and has good application prospects in the wood drying industry.
Reaction of 2,6‐Bis(diazaboryl)pyridine with Alkyls of Lithium, Zinc and Magnesium
Authors: Rommel Valentin M. L. , Fix Jana M. , Böttcher Tobias 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe reactivity of 2,6‐bis(diazaboryl)pyridine (dab2py) with the metal alkyls MeLi, Et2Zn and n‐Bu2Mg is reported. In all reactions, the alkylation of one boron atom of dab2py was observed to yield a new type of anionic pyridine ligand, which forms the respective adducts with [Li(OEt2)]+, [ZnEt]+ or [Mg(n‐Bu)]+. The alkylation of the boron atom results in a tetrahedral geometry, which allows for both amine nitrogen atoms to participate in the coordination. The products are highly soluble in all common solvents including alkanes. The reactivity is compared with the one already reported for unsubstituted pyridine, which is alkylated at the 2‐position by treatment with MeLi. The reaction of these metal alkyls with the popular terdentate 2,6‐diiminopyridine ligand (DIMPY) were previously reported to yield N‐alkylated anionic ligands, which subsequently undergo alkyl‐migration or deprotonation reactions. Single crystal XRD was performed on the products obtained from the reaction with MeLi and Et2Zn. Attempts to grow crystals for the respective magnesium alkyl complex in a dry ice box yielded a dinuclear complex bridged by two valerate groups instead.
Urban Metabolism Evaluation Methods: Life Cycle Assessment and Territorial Regeneration
Authors: De Toro Pasquale , Iodice Silvia 
Published: February 2022

AbstractUrban Metabolism (UM) is a scientific phenomenon that comprises individual processes taking place in all cities at different spatial and temporal scales and that is based on the principle of conserving mass and energy. Analysing the metabolism of a city allows one to evaluate the impacts of urban functioning, taking into account the flows of energy, water, nutrients and waste and the materials in general that circulate within a city, and contributing to a multidimensional assessment of sustainability. Many authors have explored the phenomenon of UM and experimented with indices and evaluation methods, but there is still no consensus on the best assessment methods to use.The present paper presents an overview of UM assessment methods, particularly Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and its possible uses for supporting territorial regeneration. A literature analysis is conducted of the evolution of this method in relation to scales that are different from the single product scale. LCA aims to assess the environmental impacts of the life cycles of single industrial products and services, but over the years it has gained increased attention in the urban planning field. Life cycle, in general, refers to all the phases that characterise the life of elements, comprising not only a single product, but extending this concept also to the wider territorial system. The concept of the life cycle of territorial systems is related to the evolution of the territory as a heritage and as a system of environmental, social and economic resources and services, whose transformation is linked to the different forms of governance. The territorial life cycle is formed by interconnected phases, referred to as the sub-systems of the resources and performance of a territory, that follow a predefined plan scenario. Consequently, the life cycle concept can be compared to that of change and it is closely linked to the analogy of ecosystems and the urban environment, which views the city as an entity in constant transformation.In the last few years, there has been an increase in activity in the LCA application field, with the introduction of scale variations and of the distinction between applications at the level of the single product and applications at the meso and macro levels. In other words, this approach is evolving and applications and hypotheses involving scales different from the micro scale are becoming popular.In this regard, extending the LCA tool to a meso perspective on a municipal scale or an individual urban district scale could prove to be a valid tool for assessing the sustainability of a territory with regard to the metabolic flows and the evolution of its life cycle.
Adaptive Management to Reduce Nest Inundation of a Critically Endangered Freshwater Turtle: Confirming the Win-win
Authors: Espinoza Tom , Marshall Sharon M. , Limpus Duncan J. , Limpus Col J. , McDougall Andrew J. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractInundation of Australian freshwater turtle nests has been identified as a threat to recruitment and long-term viability of species such as the critically endangered white-throated snapping turtle (Elseya albagula). Water level fluctuations within water storage infrastructure can inundate significant proportions of E. albagula nests in any year. Using an ecological risk assessment framework, operating rules for a water storage in the Burnett River (South East Queensland, Australia) were implemented to support nesting of E. albagula. Turtles were encouraged to nest at higher elevations on riverbanks by maintaining higher water levels in the impoundment during the nesting season, followed by lowering of water levels during the incubation period to minimise rates of nest inundation from riverine inflows. To verify the success of the new rules, a three-year confirmation monitoring program of nest heights and water levels was undertaken. Results of confirmation monitoring showed that 3% (2018), 11% (2019) and 0% (2020) of E. albagula nests were inundated under the new operating rules, compared to previously estimated nest inundation rates of >20% in ~24% of years of a 118-year simulation period (1890–2008) under previous storage operating rules. Emergency releases from an upstream storage in 2019 and 2020 for dam safety did not affect the success of the rule, demonstrating its resilience to natural and artificial flow regimes. This study demonstrates the importance of confirmation monitoring in verifying the efficacy of targeted changes to water management, and highlights potential application across other water storage infrastructure with threatened freshwater turtle populations requiring adaptive management.
Continuous and Discrete Radius Functions on Voronoi Tessellations and Delaunay Mosaics
Authors: Biswas Ranita , Cultrera di Montesano Sebastiano , Edelsbrunner Herbert , Saghafian Morteza 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe Voronoi tessellation in $${{{\mathbb {R}}}}^d$$

R

d

is defined by locally minimizing the power distance to given weighted points. Symmetrically, the Delaunay mosaic can be defined by locally maximizing the negative power distance to other such points. We prove that the average of the two piecewise quadratic functions is piecewise linear, and that all three functions have the same critical points and values. Discretizing the two piecewise quadratic functions, we get the alpha shapes as sublevel sets of the discrete function on the Delaunay mosaic, and analogous shapes as superlevel sets of the discrete function on the Voronoi tessellation. For the same non-critical value, the corresponding shapes are disjoint, separated by a narrow channel that contains no critical points but the entire level set of the piecewise linear function.
The potential of advanced MR techniques for precision radiotherapy of glioblastoma
Authors: Tang Patrick L. Y. , Méndez Romero Alejandra , Jaspers Jaap P. M. , Warnert Esther A. H. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAs microscopic tumour infiltration of glioblastomas is not visible on conventional magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, an isotropic expansion of 1–2 cm around the visible tumour is applied to define the clinical target volume for radiotherapy. An opportunity to visualize microscopic infiltration arises with advanced MR imaging. In this review, various advanced MR biomarkers are explored that could improve target volume delineation for radiotherapy of glioblastomas. Various physiological processes in glioblastomas can be visualized with different advanced MR techniques. Combining maps of oxygen metabolism (CMRO2), relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV), vessel size imaging (VSI), and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) or amide proton transfer (APT) can provide early information on tumour infiltration and high-risk regions of future recurrence. Oxygen consumption is increased 6 months prior to tumour progression being visible on conventional MR imaging. However, presence of the Warburg effect, marking a switch from an infiltrative to a proliferative phenotype, could result in CMRO2 to appear unaltered in high-risk regions. Including information on biomarkers representing angiogenesis (rCBV and VSI) and hypercellularity (ADC) or protein concentration (APT) can omit misinterpretation due to the Warburg effect. Future research should evaluate these biomarkers in radiotherapy planning to explore the potential of advanced MR techniques to personalize target volume delineation with the aim to improve local tumour control and/or reduce radiation-induced toxicity.
The level of water in the river flowing through the breeding site shapes the body condition of a lekking bird—the Great Snipe Gallinago media
Authors: Witkowska Marta , Pinchuk Pavel , Meissner Włodzimierz , Karlionova Natalia , Marynkiewicz Zuzanna 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe display of lekking Great Snipe males is an energetically demanding activity and therefore, access to the rich feeding sites in the proximity of their leks is essential. During the breeding season, Great Snipes mostly prey on earthworms, whose availability is affected by moisture and penetrability of the soil. In this study, we investigated the relation between the body condition of displaying Great Snipe males and the water level of the river flowing through their breeding grounds, which can affect soil characteristics. We found that the body condition of males decreased over the course of the lekking period in May, showing the great energetic expenditure of their advertising display in courtship. The high water level in the river resulted in the increase in body condition of birds, probably due to improved prey availability, as earthworms moved closer to the ground surface in search of optimal conditions. Further rise in the water level caused flooding of the meadow and a decrease in the body condition of lekking Great Snipes, possibly because of the deterioration of feeding condition, as earthworms tend to leave flooded areas. Moreover, as the flooded area enlarged, the floodplain became inaccessible for foraging Great Snipes, due to their relatively short legs restricting them from wading in deep water. Our results show that for the lowland leks of the Great Snipe to be preserved it is advisable to allow for the natural water level fluctuations in the river shaping the hydrological conditions of the floodplains.
Forced interruption and reunion: the effect of COVID-pandemic related restrictions on ongoing psychodrama groups in Hungary
Authors: Szathmári Edit , Ferencz Veronika , Kiss Orhidea Edith 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe COVID-pandemic measures, restricting physical distancing and lockdown in 2020, had fundamental effects on all aspects of life, including face-to-face group methods, like psychodrama. This situation provided a unique opportunity to study the effects of unavoidable environmental interruptions on psychodrama groups and the leaders’ roles and responses in such situations. We invited Hungarian psychodrama leaders to describe their experiences with their ongoing groups. They completed two online questionnaires; the first was after the initial lock-down and the second during the next wave of the pandemic. Results showed the risk factors and protection regarding the stress on leaders during the interruption and their immediate and lasting consequences after the reunion of the group. In addition, to using role reversal and mirror technique questions, the emerging themes and patterns of their experiences and their key learning regarding interruption and online group sessions were also identified.
New records of Xenanoetus species (Astigmata: Histiostomatidae) in Western Europe, and their association with pig carcasses
Authors: Hani Medjedline , Saloña-Bordas Marta I. , Perotti M. Alejandra 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe genus Xenanoetus Mahunka, 1969, only described by the hypopial stage, is characterised by an enlarged gnathosoma, the presence of double claws in legs I, II and III in addition to remarkably broadened femur and genu of legs I and II, particularly visible in lateral view. Only five species from this genus have been described and they are all from the northern hemisphere. Hypopi are generally found as phoretic on Sphaeroceridae flies and Hydrophilidae beetles. Until present, hypopi of the species Xenanoetus grandiceps have only been reported in Mongolia, described by Mahunka in 1973. Xenanoetus grandiceps is characterised by the presence of a pair of arches pointing anteriorly in the posterior part of the gnathosoma. Here we report for the first time X. grandiceps in Spain, and for the second time X. vestigialis. Both species were found in association with carcass remains, as phoretic on lesser dung flies (Sphaeroceridae), which were collected in a mixed deciduous forest near the Atlantic coast. Additional new information on morphological characteristics of these Xenanoetus species, as well as habitat requirements and biology are presented in this report.