bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physical and Mechanical Properties of Kenaf/Carbon Hybrid Composites
Authors: Malik Khurshid , Ahmad Faiz , Yunus Nurul Azhani , Gunister Ebru 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This research article studied the manufacturing of bi-directional kenaf fabric reinforced epoxy composites hybridized with carbon fabrics in various stacking sequences and the effect of hybridization on these composites' physical and mechanical properties. Pure and hybrid composites were fabricated utilizing the vacuum-assisted resin infusion method. The hybridization of 16 vol. % carbon fabrics increased the density of pure kenaf/epoxy composites by around 5%. The mechanical performance of kenaf/epoxy composites improved by changing the fiber volume fraction and stacking sequence of carbon fabrics in the hybrid composites. Approximately 16 vol. % carbon fiber volume fractions in hybrid composites improved the tensile, flexural, and interlaminar shear performance of kenaf/epoxy composites up to 400%, 268.8%, and 281%, respectively. The stacking sequence affected the tensile, flexural, interlaminar shear, water absorption, and fracture toughness performance. The highest tensile strength and modulus were shown by hybrid KC2 among all tested hybrid composites. Hybrid KC4 had higher flexural strength, flexural modulus, interlaminar shear strength and lower water absorption and thickness swelling. The highest fracture toughness can be achieved using the KC1 (Ft) hybrid. As a result, carbon fabrics can be used as a skin layer in various stacking sequences with kenaf fabrics in epoxy composites, depending on the targeted structural application.
Teriflunomide Promotes Blood-Brain Barrier Integrity by Upregulating Claudin-1 via the Wnt/β-catenin Signaling Pathway in Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Yipeng Zhao , Chen Chen , Xiuqing Xiao , Ling Fang , Yanyu Chang , Xi Cheng , Fuhua Peng , Jingqi Wang , Shishi Shen , Shilin Wu , Wei Cai , Wei Qiu 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background：The blood-brain barrier (BBB) and tight junction (TJ) proteins maintain the homeostasis of the central nervous system (CNS). The dysfunction of BBB allows peripheral T cells infiltration into CNS and contributes to the pathophysiology of multiple sclerosis (MS). Teriflunomide is an approved drug for the treatment of MS by suppressing lymphocytes proliferation. However, whether teriflunomide has a protective effect on BBB in MS is not understood.Methods：The analysis of MS patient samples, experiment autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) rat model and BBB cell models were performed to evaluate the function of teriflunomide on BBB. The promotion of teriflunomide on TJ proteins was assessed by qPCR, western blotting, immunofluorescence, transendothelial electrical resistance (TEER) measurement and NaF transmittance. After RNA sequencing, downstream signaling pathway were screened and verified using agonists, inhibitors and gene knockdown. The protective effect of teriflunomide-regulated pathway on BBB was further examined in EAE model. Results：Teriflunomide restored the injured BBB in EAE model. Furthermore, teriflunomide treatment over six months improved BBB permeability and reduced peripheral leakage of CNS proteins in MS patients. Teriflunomide increased human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMECs) viability and promoted BBB integrity in an in vitro cell model. The TJ protein claudin-1 was upregulated by teriflunomide and responsible for the protective effect on BBB. Furthermore, RNA sequencing revealed that the Wnt signaling pathway was affected by teriflunomide. The activation of Wnt signaling pathway increased claudin-1 expression and reduced BBB damage in cell model and EAE rats.Conclusion：Our study demonstrated that teriflunomide upregulated the expression of the tight junction protein claudin-1 in endothelial cells, and promoted the integrity of BBB through Wnt signaling pathway.
Electronic and optical properties of the buckled and puckered phases of phosphorene and arsenene
Authors: Hernandez Jose Mario Galicia , Fernandez-Escamilla H. N. , Guerrero-Sanchez J. , Takeuchi Noboru 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Using first-principles calculations, we have investigated the structural, electronic, and optical properties of phosphorene and arsenene, group V two-dimensional materials. Phosphorene and arsenene are not planar monolayers; the most common structures were considered for each system: puckered and buckled. All four monolayers have a bandgap from near-infrared to the visible part of the electromagnetic spectrum, as evidenced by the GW approach. The band gap values are in good agreement with experimental measurements. On the other hand, the study of optical properties relies on analyzing the dielectric function imaginary part, which was obtained using the Bethe-Salpeter approach. Results indicate strong exciton binding energies, as in other 2D monolayers. Our study points to the possibility of using these materials in electronic and optoelectronic devices working with visible light.
Submarine paleoseismology in the Japan Trench of northeastern Japan: turbidite stratigraphy and sedimentology using paleomagnetic and rock-magnetic analyses
Authors: Kanamatsu Toshiya , Ikehara Ken , Hsiung Kan-Hsi 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Previous studies on sediment recovered from the Japan Trench document distinctive turbidite beds induced by huge earthquakes along the Japan Trench and their wide occurrences in area of 37°25’- 38°30’N. We studied two sedimentary cores at 39°N in order to investigate the depositional earthquake record in the further spatio-extened areas of the Japan Trench. We examined specifically the precise stratigraphy of turbidite beds using paleomagnetic secular variation (PSV), and a tephra correlation. Additionally, anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) was investigated to understand the depositional conditions of each turbidite bed. The inferred ages of turbidite beds in this study closely approximate their earlier reported, which are correlated to the historical and pre-historical huge earthquakes off Tohoku, northeastern Japan. The paleo current directions during deposition of turbidite are inferred from their grain alignment based on AMS data. The directions of basal part reveal northeastward in the slope-side basin and north-northeast in oceanward basin. The directions of basal and upper thick muddy part of a turbidite bed are not always consistent, which suggests the hydraulic condition in the narrow elongated deep-sea basin. This fact could be essential information to elucidate a unique hydraulic condition during the turbidite deposition in the confined basin in the Japan Trench basin.
A Deep Transcriptome Meta-Analysis Reveals Sex Differences in Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Català-Senent José Francisco , Andreu Zoraida , Hidalgo Marta R. , Roig Francisco José , Yanguas-Casás Natalia , Neva-Alejo Almudena , López-Cerdán Adolfo , Soler-Sáez Irene , Iglesia-Vayá María de la , Stranger Barbara E. , Garcia Francisco Garcia 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Background:Multiple sclerosis (MS), a chronic auto-immune, inflammatory, and degenerative disease of the central nervous system, affects both males and females; however, females suffer from a higher risk of developing MS (2-3:1 ratio relative to males). The precise sex-based factors influencing risk of MS are currently unknown. Here, we explore the role of sex in MS to identify molecular mechanisms underlying observed MS sex differences that may guide novel therapeutic approaches tailored for males or females.Methods:We performed a rigorous and systematic review of genome-wide transcriptome studies of MS that included patient sex data in the Gene Expression Omnibus and ArrayExpress databases following PRISMA statement guidelines. We analyzed differential gene expression for each selected study and performed 3 meta-analyses to evaluate common features and sex bias: the first meta-analysis of 4 neurologic tissue studies, a second in 5 blood studies, and a third integrating 9 studies from both tissues. Finally, we performed a gene set analysis on the meta-analyzed differential transcriptomic profiles of the nervous system to characterize sex differences in biological pathways and phenotypes (physiological and pathological states).Results:After screening 122 publications, the systematic review provided a selection of 9 studies (5 in blood and 4 in neurologic tissue) with a total of 474 samples (189 females with MS and 109 control females; 82 males with MS and 94 control males). Blood and nervous tissue meta-analyses identified, respectively, 1 (KIR2DL3) and 13 (ARL17B, CECR7, CEP78, IFFO2, LOC401127, NUDT18, RNF10, SLC17A5, STMP1, TRAF3IP2-AS1, UBXN2B, ZNF117, ZNF488) MS-associated genes that differed between males and females. The combined-tissue meta-analysis highlighted a single RNA gene (LOC102723701) altered according to sex in MS patients. Functional analyses revealed different altered immune patterns in females and males. A pro-inflammatory environment and innate immune responses related to myeloid linage predominate in females, while in males, adaptive responses associated with the lymphocyte linage. Additionally, females with MS displayed alterations in mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes, purine, and glutamate metabolism, while MS males displayed alterations in stress response to metal ion, amine, and amino acid transport.Conclusion:We found transcriptomic and functional differences between MS males and females (especially in the immune system), which may support the development of sex-specific treatments. Our study highlights the importance of understanding the role of biological sex in MS.
Microbiome Revel the Effects of Biogas Fertilizer on Soil Microbial Community Structure and Diversity in Perennial Apple Orchards
Authors: cong Han , ZhongXing Zhang , YanLong Gao , Jiao Cheng , YanXiu Wang 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Fruit trees are perennial crops that grow in one place for whole life, all of this leads to deteriorate of soil and decline of fruit quality and yield. Microbial diversity and structure are important soil factors affecting stress-resistance and quality of fruit trees. Biogas fertilizer plays an important role in improving resistance and quality. Whether and how it can improve the microbial structure of orchard need to be discovered. In order to study the effects of biogas fertilizer on orchard soil microbial diversity and community structure in rainfed loess plateau of China, 7-year-old Fuji apple orchard was used as material, and biogas fertilizer was applied continuously for three years. Results showed that fruit quality and soil microbial community structure were significantly improved after applying biogas fertilizer.
The effect of curcumin in the recovery of severe traumatic brain injury: a double-blind randomized controlled trial
Authors: Saatian Mohammad Reza , Jalili Ebrahim , Roustaei Masoumeh , Ataei Sara , Poormohammadi Ali , Farhadian Maryam , Abdoli Ali 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Background:
Traumatic brain injury is one of the most important causes of death in trauma patients among the different types of trauma worldwide. In this study, the effect of Nanocurcumin on the outcome of severe traumatic brain injury, which was performed in humans for the first time, was investigated.
Methods:
This was a double-blind and paralleled randomized controlled study that was conducted on 128 patients aged 18 to 70 with severe brain trauma. Patients were randomly assigned to two control groups (Standard care treatment + placebo) and intervention group (Standard care treatment + oral Nanocurcumin with the dose of 500mg every 8 hours for three-weeks). Changes in the level of consciousness, cerebral edema, kidney function, liver enzymes, sodium and potassium electrolytes, and brain function of patients in both groups were followed up and compared until 6 months after discharge.
Results:
The mean and standard deviation of age (Mean + SD) for intervention group (14.44 ± 31.86 years) and control patients (14.86 ± 33.34 years) had no significant difference (p = 0.543). Both groups were similar in terms of gender (p = 0.669). The average level of consciousness of patients in the intervention group increased by about 3 units (p = 0.004) and more than 2 units (p = 0.002) at the time of discharge compared to the control group. By comparing the optimal performance of patients in the first (p = 0.389) and second (p = 0.309) trimesters after discharge, no significant difference was observed between the intervention and control groups. The amount of brain edema caused by severe brain trauma on the seventh day of treatment was lower in the intervention group than in the control group (p = 0.038). The two intervention and control groups did not differ in terms of coagulation factors, liver enzymes, kidney function and sodium on the third and seventh days of hospitalization (P ≥ 0.05).
Conclusions:
Administration of oral Nanocurcumin supplement in patients with severe brain trauma along with their routine treatment is effective in improving brain edema and their level of consciousness without causing coagulation, liver and kidney complications. These findings are not only statistically significant but also clinically important.
Tri-adsorption cooling system driven by waste heat from automobile with Programmable Logic Controller (PLC): A waste-to-energy experimental setup
Authors: Alphonsus Ephrem Ryan , Abdullah Mohammad Omar 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

A tri-adsorbent beds cooling system with activated carbon-methanol as working pair was designed and devised successfully. The adsorption system is driven by exhaust waste heat from automobile. A programmable logic controller (PLC) type CJ2M-CPU31 was applied to control the heating-cooling processes of these adsorbers - powered by exhaust heat emitted from a Proton Iswara -VVT 1.3 liter car engine. The mode of 3-adsorbent beds control was tested successfully with perfect timing of opening and closing of all the valves. The overall control system is excellent parallel with the thermal heat source input in accordance to the complex intermittent cooling-heating schemes and intermittent flows required to achieve continuous cooling. The tri-adsorbent cooling system is found superior than the double bed prototype. Depend on ambient and system operating conditions, the parametric coefficient of performance (COP) range of the tri-adsorbent system is ranging from 0.23 to 0.29 corresponding to cooling power of ~ 1.4 kW. Primary energy saving for this new system is around 10–13%.
Analysis on Safety and Efficacy of Local Excision vs Total Mesorectal Excision for T2N0M0 Mid-Low Rectal Cancer
Authors: Wu Wen-long , Fu Zhi-jun , Cao Ming-fu , Bi Ren-jie , Zhang Yu , Zhang Shuai , Gao Qiang , Li Shu-guang 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
[Background] To investigate the clinical safety and efficacy of local excision with endovascular gastrointestinal anastomosis stapler (Endo-GIA) in the treatment of T2N0M0 mid-low rectal cancer patients. [Methods] 62 patients admitted with T2N0M0 mid-low rectal cancer in our hospital were collected from January 2015 to December 2018. According to the surgical methods,these patients were divided into local excision group (LE group) and total mesorectal excision group (TME group). 29 patients in the LE group underwent transanal LE with Endo-GIA. 33 patients in the TME group underwent conventional radical surgery according to the principle of TME, including 25 patients receiving Dixon,and 8 patients receiving Miles. Comparative analyses were performed on basic materials, intraoperative and postoperative indicators, and prognosis status between the two groups. [Results] There were no significant differences in BMI, gender, pathological types,tumor size,and tumor distance from the anal verge between LE group and TME group had.Only average age of LE group was higher than that of TME group because several older patients had strong sphincter-preserving willingness and could not tolerate radical surgeries.General characteristics of patients were comparable between the two groups.However, the two groups had significant differences in mean operation time, postoperative hospital stay, intraoperative bleeding volume, and the rate of postoperative complications. The local recurrence rate, mortality rate, overall survival, and 1-year/3-year disease-free survival had no statistical differences between the two groups. [Conclusion] LE combined with Endo-GIA can achieve the same clinical efficacy and safety as TME for patients with T2N0M0 mid-low rectal cancer. LE with Endo-GIA has obvious advantages of less trauma, fewer surgical complications, quicker recovery, and higher living quality over TME.
Identification of hub genes associated with somatic cell score in dairy cow
Authors: Ghiasi Heydar , Khaldari Majid 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSomatic cell count (SCC) is used as an indicator of udder health. The log transformation of SCC is called somatic cell score (SCS). Several QTL and genes have been identified with associated to SCS. The aim of this study was to identify most important genes associated to SCS. In this study we collected 168 genes reported significantly associated with SCS. Pathway analysis and network analysis used to identifying hub genes. Pathway analysis of these genes identified 73 GO terms associated to SCS. These top GO terms involved in molecular function, biological process and cellular component and the identified pathways directly or indirectly are related to immune system. The gene network was constructed and from this network the 17 hub genes (CD4, CXCL8, TLR4, STAT1, TLR2, CXCL9, CCR2, IGF1, LEP, SPP1, GH1, GHR, VWF, TNFSF11, IL10RA, NOD2 and PDGFRB) associated to SCS were identified. The subnetwork analysis resulted in 10 clusters that all identified hub genes (except VWF gene) are included in cluster 1. Most of hub genes and pathways identified in our study were mainly involved in inflammatory responses and cytokine response. Therefore the identified hub genes may be considered as main gene in genomic selection for SCS.
Therapeutic appropriateness of antihypertensive treatments leads to greater sustainability
Authors: Ferrara Francesco , Nava Eduardo , Trama Ugo , Boccellino Mariarosaria , Vitiello Antonio 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Cardiovascular disease emerges as one of the leading causes of death and hospitalizations in the Western world. For many years, a number of drugs have been on the market, in well-established and safe use for antihypertensive therapy. The various classes of antihypertensives in established use include, ACE inhibitors, as monotherapy or in combination with diuretics or calcium antagonists, the sartans, calcium antagonists, beta blockers, and diuretics. Among these drug classes there are differences in mechanism of action, efficacy in reducing blood pression, tolerability, and cost. In fact, there are wide differences in the monthly cost of therapy within each class and among the classes themselves. In this analysis we describe the prescribing trend for antihypertensives in the local healt agency Naples 3, describing aspects of pharmacoeconomics, pharmacoutilization, and pharmacological differences.
Returns to Education in Greece: Evidence from the 1977 Labor Market Survey using the Greek Civil War as an Instrument
Authors: Patrinos Harry 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Greece experienced a devastating civil war in 1946–1949. This led to many deaths, economic losses, and severe reductions in schooling expenditures and attendance. Using an instrumental variables approach, we estimate the 1977 returns to schooling, showing that for those affected by the civil war, the returns to schooling are higher than the corresponding least squares estimate.JEL CLASSIFICATION I21; J31
Why Store Genetic Stocks?
Authors: James Edwin 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
One of the functions of the National Seed Storage Laboratory is the preservation of genetic stocks. The 52,000 accessions now in storage include only 932 lots of seed which fall into this category. These are: 310 barley lines, 112 tomato mutants, 110 red pericarp lines of corn, and 400 radiation-induced mutants of oats. In the near future we should receive for storage 150 translocation stocks of barley. These total only a small fraction of such materials held at various locations throughout the country.
The Relation of Fruit Retention Force to the Mechanical Harvesting Efficiency of Montmorency Cherries1
Authors: Cain John C. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In the mechanical harvesting of sour cherries suitable attention has been given to the rate of harvest (1,2,8), the relative cost (8) and to varying mechanical (4,5,6,8) and to cultural (2,3,7) aspects related to the physical condition of the harvested fruit. Another factor in the mechanical harvesting efficiency which is of considerable importance to the grower is the percentage of the crop borne by the tree that is removed in the harvesting process. Claypool (3) has indicated that for many species of fruit, current mechanical harvesting techniques may remove fruit within 5% of that achieved by hand-picking. Cain (1) has shown variations from 70 to 96% of crop removal for sour cherries depending on the stage of maturity and the level of nitrogen fertility. The latter figure is comparable to average hand-picking. Since the fruit left on the tree after shaking are a total loss (8) and represent a proportionate share of the total cost of production up to harvest time, the achievement of maximum crop removal is of importance in any harvesting operation.
Quantitative Gas Chromatography of Sugars and Related Polyhydroxy Compounds in Horticultural Crops
Authors: Williams Max W. , Martin George C. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The determination of sugars and sugar alcohols in horticultural crops is time-consuming and often difficult because of interfering substances. The quantitative deteimination of the individual sugars in a sample has until recently been very difficult. The work of Sweeley and co-workers (2), on the formation and subsequent gas chromatography of trimethylsilyl (TMS) ether derivatives of carbohydrates and related polyhydroxy compounds, has made it possible to determine individual sugars quantitatively.
Reduction of Fruit Drop by Navel Oranges with Antioxidant Dusts and Girdling12
Authors: Thompson C. R. , Taylor O. C. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Premature fruit drop by navel oranges at an early stage of development is indicated to be one of the effects caused by photochemical air pollutants in the Los Angeles Basin (9). Both “weather fleck” of tobacco and “stipple” of grape leaves have also been shown by Heggestad and Middleton (3) and Richards, Middleton and Hewitt (8), respectively, to be caused by ozone, one of the members of the photochemical oxidant complex.
Drop of Maturing Apples Associated with Bird Feeding1
Authors: Mitterling Lloyd A. , Lucas Joseph J. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Further studies of bird damage on apples indicate that fruit dropping as a result of bird activities may be a greater economic loss than feeding damage. Since feeding wounds are caused during the fruit maturation period, the amount of dropped fruit resulting is directly related to two independent factors; first, the inherent ability of the variety to retain its fruit and second, the stage of fruit maturation when damage occurs.