bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of Cognitive Orientation to Occupational Performance intervention in improving motor skills of children with developmental coordination disorder: A randomized waitlist-control trial
Authors: Izadi-Najafabadi Sara , Gunton Cassandra , Dureno Zara , Zwicker Jill G 
Published: April 2022

Objectives To determine if Cognitive Orientation to Occupational Performance was effective in improving performance and transfer of motor learning in children with developmental coordination disorder (with/without attention deficit hyperactivity disorder); and whether outcomes were maintained three months post-intervention. Design Randomized waitlist-control trial (ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT02597751) Setting BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada Subjects Thirty-seven children with developmental coordination disorder and 41 children with co-occurring attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (all 8–12 years), randomized to treatment or waitlist groups. Interventions One-hour of intervention once weekly for 10 weeks. Main Measures (1) Canadian Occupational Performance Measure to measure self-perceived performance of motor goals (10-point scale); (2) Performance Quality Rating Scale to measure therapist-observed movement quality (10-point scale); and (3) Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency – 2nd ed. to measure overall motor skill ability/transfer of motor learning (percentile). Results Both groups showed significant improvement ( p < 0.001) in motor performance (developmental coordination disorder: pre: 2.7 ± 2.2, post: 7.0 ± 1.0; developmental coordination disorder with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: pre: 2.3 ± 1.7, post: 7.0 ± 1.5) and movement quality (developmental coordination disorder: pre: 3.0 ± 1.5, post: 6.3 ± 1.7; developmental coordination disorder with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: pre: 3.0 ± 1.9, post: 5.7 ± 2.3). Three months after treatment, children maintained their gains, but only children with developmental coordination disorder showed transfer of learning to overall motor skills (pre:12 ± 15, post:12 ± 12, follow-up:14 ± 20, p < 0.001). Conclusion Intervention was similarly effective for children with developmental coordination disorder with/without attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in achieving and maintaining functional motor goals, but only children with developmental coordination disorder showed transfer of learning to other motor skills.
Different hemodynamics of basal ganglia between moyamoya and non-moyamoya diseases using intravoxel incoherent motion imaging and single-photon emission computed tomography
Authors: Yamashita Koji , Sugimori Hiroshi , Nakamizo Akira , Amano Toshiyuki , Kuwashiro Takahiro , Watanabe Takeharu , Kawamata Keisuke , Furuya Kiyomi , Harada Shino , Kamei Ryotaro , Maehara Junki , Okada Yasushi , Noguchi Tomoyuki 
Published: April 2022

Background Moyamoya disease (MMD) and non-MMD have different pathogenesis, clinical presentation, and treatment policy. Purpose To identify differences in hemodynamics between MMD and non-MMD using intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). Material and Methods Patients who had undergone 99mTc-ECD or 123I-IMP SPECT, and IVIM imaging were retrospectively studied. IVIM imaging was acquired using six different b-values. Cerebral blood flow ratio (CBFR) in the basal ganglia was calculated using a standardized volume-of-interest template. The cerebellum was used as a reference region. IVIM perfusion fraction (f) was obtained using a two-step fitting algorithm. Elliptical regions of interest were placed in bilateral basal ganglia on the IVIM f map. Patients were classified into MMD and non-MMD groups. The correlation between CBFR and mean IVIM f (fmean) in the basal ganglia was evaluated using Spearman's rank correlation coefficient. Results In total, 20 patients with MMD and 28 non-MMD patients were analyzed. No significant differences in fmean were observed among MMD, affected hemisphere with non-MMD (non-MMDaff), and unaffected hemispheres with non-MMD (non-MMDunaff). A negative correlation was seen between fmean and CBFR in the MMD group (r = –0.40, P = 0.0108), but not in the non-MMD group (non-MMDaff, r = 0.07, P = 0.69; non-MMDunaff, r = –0.22, P = 0.29). No significant differences were found among MMD and non-MMD patients, irrespective of SPECT tracers. Conclusion The combination of IVIM MRI and SPECT appears to allow non-invasive identification of differences in hemodynamics between MMD and non-MMD.
Long non-coding RNA DEPDC1-AS1 promotes proliferation and migration of human gastric cancer cells HGC-27 via the human antigen R–F11R pathway
Authors: Xu Wei , Wang Juan , Xu Jinfu , Li Shenyi , Zhang Ranran , Shen Cong , Xie Min , Zheng Bo , Gu Menghui 
Published: April 2022

Objective Long non-coding (lnc) RNAs are critical regulators in carcinogenesis. The novel lncRNA DEPDC1 antisense RNA 1 ( DEPDC1-AS1) was recently associated with poor prognosis in triple-negative breast cancer and lung adenocarcinoma. However, its role in regulating the malignant progression of gastric cancer (GC) and its molecular mechanism are unclear. We herein explored the functions of DEPDC1-AS1 in GC progression. Methods DEPDC1-AS1 expression and prognosis in GC tissues were examined by bioinformatics analysis and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The DEPDC1-AS1 function in GC cells was explored by the cell counting kit-8 assay, colony formation assay, Transwell assay, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling, 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine-incorporation, and the xenograft tumor model. The DEPDC1-AS1 and human antigen (Hu)R interaction was determined by RNA pull-down and RNA immunoprecipitation. Results DEPDC1-AS1 was overexpressed in GC tissues and cell lines, and associated with a worse prognosis in GC patients. In vitro and in vivo assays showed that DEPDC1-AS1 promoted HGC-27 cell proliferation and migration. Mechanistically, DEPDC1-AS1 served as a scaffold by combining with HuR to target the specific mRNA F11R. Conclusion DEPDC1-AS1 plays a crucial role in GC development and progression and is a potential biomarker for the early detection or prognosis of GC.
Association between plasma somatic copy number variations and response to immunotherapy in patients with programmed death-ligand 1-negative non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Zhang Xiaochen , Wang Yina , Xiang Jingjing , Zhao Pan , Xun Yanping , Zhang Shirong , Xu Nong 
Published: April 2022

Objective To determine how patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1)-negative and/or a low tumor mutation burden status benefit from immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI). Methods We determined the plasma cell-free DNA profiles of 25 patients with PD-L1-negative advanced NSCLC before ICI therapy using low-coverage whole-genome sequencing. Results Elevated cell-free copy number variations (CNVs) were associated with progressive disease, with a cutoff CNV score of 0.10 evaluated with an area under the curve of 0.790 in PD-L1-negative NSCLC. CNV changes were also correlated with poor survival. Progression-free survival and overall survival were both significantly shorter in CNVhigh compared with CNVlow patients. Conclusions Cell-free CNV may be a useful peripheral blood biomarker for predicting the response to ICIs in patients with NSCLC.
Etonogestrel Implant in the Postpartum Period and its Impact on Biochemical Markers in Secretory Activation: A Pilot Study
Authors: Nilsson Wesley , Myers Eliza , Buta Eugenia , Li Fangyong , Laifer Julie 
Published: April 2022

Background: Secretory activation is characterized biochemically in human milk by a fall in sodium concentration, an increase in potassium concentration, and a decreased sodium to potassium ratio. These markers can be used to identify a delay in secretory activation which can result from hormonal birth control. Research Aim: To evaluate if the insertion of the Etonogestrel implant early in the postpartum period would delay the time to secretory activation as measured by biochemical markers. Methods: We conducted a prospective, longitudinal, non-randomized, observational cohort study. Women with singleton pregnancies were identified as wanting either no birth control or the Etonogestrel implant in the postpartum period. Human milk samples were collected starting at 12 hours after delivery, and then in 12-hour increments. Samples were tested for sodium and potassium levels. Results: As in the unadjusted models, there was evidence of a difference in sodium levels at two days postpartum, with the sodium level higher by 32.29 mM (95% CI [7.39, 57.20], p = .013) in the implant group than in the no birth control method group. A difference at day 2 was observed in the ratio (sodium/potassium) levels, with a higher mean ratio in the implant group by 2.49 (95% CI [0.14, 4.85], p = .039). For potassium levels, the only difference was observed at day 4, with lower values in the implant group ( p = .045). Conclusion: The transition from colostrum to copious milk secretion is delayed by the early insertion of the Etonogestrel device. This is evidenced by the delay in biochemical markers normally seen in secretory activation.
Synthesis and characterization of polysulfone-graft-poly(vinylchloride)-graft-2-methylimidazole membranes with Cu2O nanoparticles
Authors: Anbarasan R , Vishnu K Dheepak , Tung Kuo-Lun 
Published: April 2022

Poly (sulphone) (PSu) was chemically grafted with PVC via Friedel-Crafts alkylation reaction at 85°C for 2 h under N2 atmosphere. Further, it was treated with 2-Methylimidazole (2MI) in the presence of Cu2O nanoparticle catalyst in N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) medium for 2 h under nitrogen atmosphere with stirring. Thus synthesized PSu-g-PVC-g-2MI/Cu2O nanocomposite was characterized by FT-IR, 1H-NMR spectroscopy, DSC, TGA, XPS, SEM, EDX, HR-TEM, WCA and mechanical testing. The FT-IR spectrum showed a peak at 534 cm−1 corresponding to the metal-oxide stretching. The methyl proton signal of 2MI from the resultant polymer appeared at 2.40 ppm in the 1H-NMR spectrum. The glass transition (Tg) temperature and degradation temperature (Td) of the PSu-g-PVC-g-2MI/Cu2O nanocomposite system was determined as 169.2°C and 628°C respectively. The surface water contact angle of the resultant polymer nanocomposite system was found to be 48.1° and confirmed the hydrophilic nature of the membrane. The XPS showed the presence of Cu2p at 930.2 eV derived from Cu2O nanocatalyst. The experimental results were deeply analyzed and compared with the results of the other research teams.
‘It opened my eyes’: Parents’ experiences of their child receiving an anxiety disorder diagnosis
Authors: Davey Emily , Creswell Cathy , Percy Ray , Reardon Tessa 
Published: April 2022

Anxiety disorders are the most common mental health disorders among children, however there is limited guidance on the process of assessing child anxiety disorders and sharing diagnostic outcomes with families. This study aimed to identify aspects of the diagnostic process that are helpful and/or unhelpful for families, and ways to mitigate any potential negative consequences of receiving a child anxiety disorder diagnosis. A qualitative study was conducted with parents of 11 children (aged 7–12 years) with a primary diagnosis of an anxiety disorder, identified through a child mental health service. We used an inductive thematic analysis approach. Elements of the diagnostic process considered helpful or less helpful for families related to four themes: clarity and insight, being heard, the anxiety label and access to support. Findings illustrate the importance of sharing diagnoses compassionately in the context of ensuing treatment, and the benefits of providing families with personalised verbal and written diagnostic information, that is tailored for both parents and children.
Is catheter-based foam sclerotherapy more effective than direct foam sclerotherapy when combined with high ligation for the treatment of primary great saphenous vein incompetence?
Authors: Yu Shixiong , Li Ruihao , Cheng Junning , He Yuxian , Xiao Yao , Zhang Mingyi , Yu Wu , Qi Xiaotong , Chen Yikuan 
Published: April 2022

Background To retrospectively analyze the short-term outcomes of catheter-based versus direct foam sclerotherapy when combined with high ligation (HL) for the treatment of great saphenous vein (GSV) incompetence. Methods From July 2018 to October 2019, a total of 82 lower limbs of 70 patients with GSV incompetence received HL combined with catheter-based foam sclerotherapy (CFS group) or direct foam sclerotherapy (DFS group) for GSV proximal trunk. Among them, 40 limbs of 36 patients were treated with CFS, and 42 limbs of 34 patients were treated with DFS. The occlusion of GSV proximal trunk was evaluated with venous duplex ultrasound examinations; Venous Clinical Severity Scores (VCSS) was used to assess clinical improvement; Aberdeen Varicose Veins Questionnaire (AVVQ) was used to assess quality-of-life scores; and Complications was used for the safety evaluation. Results At day 7 post-operatively, complete occlusion of proximal trunk of the GSV was achieved in 92.5% legs of the CFS group and 71.4% of the DFS group ( p = 0.014). Additionally, anterograde flow was found in 7.5% legs of the CFS group and 26.2% of the DFS group ( p = 0.025). No significant differences in the occurrence of complications were observed between the two groups. The median follow-up was 285.5 days in the DFS group and 318 days in the CFS group ( p = 0.140). VCSS and AVVQ reduction were significant in both CFS group and DFS group (5.3 ± 2.5, 5.5 ± 2.4, p < 0.001 for VCSS; 15.9 ± 8.0, 16.3 ± 8.6, p < 0.001 for AVVQ), but no significant difference were observed between two groups ( p = 0.655 for VCSS, p = 0.934 for AVVQ). Conclusions Although the occlusion of great saphenous vein proximal trunk were different, two modalities result in similar clinical and quality-of-life improvements. DFS is a feasible alternative to CFS when combined with HL.
Effectiveness of the use of a high-flow nasal cannula to treat COVID-19 patients and risk factors for failure: a meta-analysis
Authors: Xu Dong-yang , Dai Bing , Tan Wei , Zhao Hong-wen , Wang Wei , Kang Jian 
Published: April 2022

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread globally, and many patients with severe cases have received oxygen therapy through a high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC). Objectives: We assessed the efficacy of HFNC for treating patients with COVID-19 and risk factors for HFNC failure. Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies of HFNC in patients with COVID-19 published in English from January 1st, 2020 to August 15th, 2021. The primary aim was to assess intubation, mortality, and failure rates in COVID-19 patients supported by HFNC. Secondary aims were to compare HFNC success and failure groups and to describe the risk factors for HFNC failure. Results: A total of 25 studies fulfilled selection criteria and included 2851 patients. The intubation, mortality, and failure rates were 0.44 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.38–0.51, I2 = 84%), 0.23 (95% CI: 0.19–0.29, I2 = 88%), and 0.47 (95% CI: 0.42–0.51, I2 = 56%), respectively. Compared to the success group, age, body mass index (BMI), Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II score, D-dimer, lactate, heart rate, and respiratory rate were higher and PaO2, PaO2/FiO2, ROX index (the ratio of SpO2/FiO2 to respiratory rate), ROX index after the initiation of HFNC, and duration of HFNC were lower in the failure group (all Ps < 0.05). There were also more smokers and more comorbidities in the failure group (all Ps < 0.05). Pooled odds ratios (ORs) revealed that older age (OR: 1.04, 95% CI: 1.01–1.07, P = 0.02, I2 = 88%), a higher white blood cell (WBC) count (OR: 1.06, 95% CI: 1.01–1.12, P = 0.02, I2 = 0%), a higher heart rate (OR: 1.42, 95% CI: 1.15–1.76, P < 0.01, I2 = 0%), and a lower ROX index(OR: 0.61, 95% CI: 0.39–0.95, P = 0.03, I2 = 93%) after the initiation of HFNC were all significant risk factors for HFNC failure. Conclusions: HFNC is an effective way of providing respiratory support in the treatment of COVID-19 patients. Older age, a higher WBC count, a higher heart rate, and a lower ROX index after the initiation of HFNC are associated with an increased risk of HFNC failure.
Accuracy of a Seventh-Generation Continuous Glucose Monitoring System in Children and Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Laffel Lori M. , Bailey Timothy S. , Christiansen Mark P. , Reid Jennifer L. , Beck Stayce E. 
Published: April 2022

Background: Accuracy of a seventh-generation “G7” continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) system was evaluated in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Methods: Sensors were worn on the upper arm and abdomen. The CGM data were available from 127 of 132 participants, ages 7 to 17 years, across 10.5 days of use, various glucose concentration ranges, and various rates of glucose change for comparisons with temporally matched venous blood glucose measurements (YSI). Data were also available from 28 of 32 participants, ages 2 to 6 years, for whom capillary (fingerstick) blood provided comparator glucose values. Accuracy metrics included the mean absolute relative difference (MARD) between CGM and comparator glucose pairs, the proportion of CGM values within 15 mg/dL or 15% of comparator values <100 or ≥100 mg/dL, respectively, and the analogous %20/20 and %30/30 agreement rates. Results: For participants aged 7 to 17, a total of 15 437 matched pairs were obtained from 122 arm-placed and 118 abdomen-placed sensors. For arm-placed sensors, the overall MARD was 8.1% and overall %15/15, %20/20, and %30/30 agreement rates were 88.8%, 95.3%, and 98.7%, respectively. For abdomen-placed sensors, the overall MARD was 9.0% and overall %15/15, %20/20, and %30/30 agreement rates were 86.0%, 92.9%, and 97.7%, respectively. Good accuracy was maintained across wear days, glucose ranges, and rates of glucose change. Among those aged 2 to 6, a total of 343 matched pairs provided an overall MARD of 9.3% and an overall %20/20 agreement rate of 91.5%. Conclusions: The G7 CGM placed on the arm or abdomen was accurate in children and adolescents with T1D. NCT#: NCT04794478
Brain magnetic resonance imaging findings and brain volumetric differences in a large series of benign rolandic epilepsy
Authors: Salman Rida , Nasreddine Wassim , Hannoun Salem , Chaar Widad Abou , Asmar Karl , Beydoun Ahmad , Hourani Roula 
Published: April 2022

Background Several studies with a small sample size have investigated the relationship between structural and functional changes on MRI and the clinical and natural history of BRE. We aim to assess the frequency of incidental epileptogenic lesions on brain MRI in a large cohort of patients diagnosed with BRE and to assess the difference in volumetric brain measurements in BRE patients compared to healthy controls. Methods The case–control study includes 214 typical BRE cases and 197 control children with non-epileptic spells. Brain MRIs were evaluated for abnormalities which were classified into normal and abnormal with or without epileptogenic lesions with categorization of epileptogenic lesions. Brain segmentation was also performed for a smaller group of BRE patients and another healthy control group. Pearson’s chi-squared test and two-tailed independent samples t-test were used. Results In patients with BRE, 7% had an epileptogenic lesion on their MRI. The frequency of epileptogenic lesion in the control group was 10.2% and not significantly different from those with BRE ( p= 0.2). Significantly higher intracranial and white matter volumes were found in BRE patients compared to the healthy group while lower gray matter volume was found in BRE patients. Cortical and subcortical regions showed either higher or lower volumes with BRE. Interestingly, altered subcallosal cortex development which has a known association with depression was also found in BRE. Conclusions Our findings confirm the absence of any association between specific brain MRI abnormalities and BRE. However, the altered cortical and subcortical development in BRE patients suggests a microstructural-functional correlation.
Cardiovascular risk factors and clinical outcomes of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 pneumonia in Somalia
Authors: Ahmed Mohammed A.M. , Hussein Ahmed Mohamud , Abdullahi Aweis Ahmed Moalim , Ahmed Abdirizak Yusuf , Hussain Hamdi M.A. , Ali Abdiaziz Mohamed , Barre Abdulqadir Abdinur , Yusuf Farhia Mohamud , Olum Ronald , Sereke Senai Goitom , Elfadul Maisa Ahmed , Colebunders Robert , Bongomin Felix 
Published: April 2022

Background: Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is a potentially life-threatening illness with no established treatment. Cardiovascular risk factors (CRFs) exacerbate COVID-19 morbidity and mortality. Objective: To determine the prevalence of CRF and clinical outcomes of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in a tertiary hospital in Somalia. Methods: We reviewed the medical records of patients aged 18 years or older with a real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)–confirmed COVID-19 hospitalized at the De Martino Hospital in Mogadishu, Somalia, between March and July 2020. Results: We enrolled 230 participants; 159 (69.1%) males, median age was 56 (41–66) years. In-hospital mortality was 19.6% ( n = 45); 77.8% in the intensive care unit (ICU) compared with 22.2%, in the general wards ( p < 0.001). Age ⩾ 40 years [odds ratio (OR): 3.6, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.2–10.6, p = 0.020], chronic heart disease (OR: 9.3, 95% CI: 2.2–38.9, p = 0.002), and diabetes mellitus (OR: 3.2, 95% CI: 1.6–6.2, p < 0.001) were associated with increased odds of mortality. Forty-three (18.7%) participants required ICU admission. Age ⩾ 40 years (OR: 7.5, 95% CI: 1.7–32.1, p = 0.007), diabetes mellitus (OR: 3.2, 95% CI: 1.6–6.3, p < 0.001), and hypertension (OR: 2.5, 95% CI: 1.2–5.2, p = 0.014) were associated with ICU admission. For every additional CRF, the odds of admission into the ICU increased threefold (OR: 2.7, 95% CI: 1.2–5.2, p < 0.001), while the odds of dying increased twofold (OR: 2.1, 95% CI: 1.3–3.2, p < 0.001). Conclusions: We report a very high prevalence of CRF among patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in Somalia. Mortality rates were unacceptably high, particularly among those with advanced age, underlying chronic heart disease, and diabetes.
Diagnostic Value of Ultrasound for Detecting Carpal Tunnel Syndrome in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Three-Arm Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Bayat Masume , Bagheri Zohreh , Raeissadat Seyed Ahmad , Rayegani Seyed Mansoor , Ahmadzadeh Arman , Shirani Fatemeh 
Published: April 2022

Objective: This study was conducted to assess the diagnostic value of sonography in detecting carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and to compare the results with a normal control group. Materials and Methods: In this three-arm cross-sectional study, the sonographically measured median nerve cross-sectional area (MNCSA) was compared in three groups: RA patients with CTS, RA patients without CTS, and normal subjects (no RA, no CTS). A nerve conduction study (NCS) was performed for all enrolled participants, across the three study arms. Results: In this study, 38 RA patients (17 in CTS group and 21 in no CTS group) and 19 healthy subjects were recruited. The MNCSAs were 11.86 (±1.87) mm2 in RA patients with CTS, 10.16 (±1.71) mm2 in RA patients without CTS, and 9.42 (±1.46) mm² in healthy control patients. The accuracy of sonography in detecting CTS was 0.79 (95% confidence interval, 0.67–0.91), with a sensitivity and specificity of 88% and 57%, respectively. The MNCSA in CTS group was significantly higher than the control group ( P = .02). Conclusion: In this cohort, the sonographic measurement of MNCSA was an accurate and sensitive method for the diagnosis of CTS, especially in its early stages. In addition, in this cohort, RA without CTS did not increase the MNCSA.