bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High local failure rates despite high margin‐negative resection rates in a cohort of borderline resectable and locally advanced pancreatic cancer patients treated with stereotactic body radiation therapy following multi‐agent chemotherapy
Authors: Hill Colin , Sehgal Shuchi , Fu Wei , Hu Chen , Reddy Abhinav , Thompson Elizabeth , Hacker‐Prietz Amy , Le Dung , De Jesus‐Acosta Ana , Lee Valerie , Zheng Lei , Laheru Daniel A. , Burns William , Weiss Matthew , Wolfgang Christopher , He Jin , Herman Joseph M. , Meyer Jeffrey , Narang Amol 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundStereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) for patients with borderline resectable and locally advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma (BRPC/LAPC) remains controversial. Herein, we report on surgical, pathologic, and survival outcomes in BRPC/LAPC patients treated at a high‐volume institution with induction chemotherapy (CTX) followed by 5‐fraction SBRT.MethodsBRPC/LAPC patients treated between 2016 and 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. Surgical and pathological outcomes were descriptively characterized. Overall survival (OS) and progression‐free survival (PFS) were analyzed using Cox proportional hazard regression. Locoregional failure and distant failure were analyzed with Fine–Gray competing risk model.ResultsOf 155 patients, 91 (59%) had LAPC and 64 (41%) had BRPC. Almost all were treated with induction multi‐agent CTX with either FOLFIRINOX (75%) or gemcitabine and nab‐paclitaxel (24%) for a median duration of 4.0 months (1–18 months). All received SBRT to a median dose of 33 Gy. Among 64 BRPC patients, 50 (78%) underwent resection, of whom 48 (96%) achieved margin‐negative (R0) resection. Among 91 LAPC patients, 57 (63%) underwent resection, of whom 50 (88%) achieved R0 resection. Despite the high R0 rate, 33% of patients experienced locoregional failure, which was a component of 44% of all failures. After SBRT, median OS and PFS were 18.7 and 7.7 months, respectively. After SBRT, 1‐ and 2‐year OS probabilities were 70% and 45%, whereas, from diagnosis, they were 93% and 51%.ConclusionsAlthough a high proportion of BRPC/LAPC patients treated with induction multi‐agent CTX followed by SBRT successfully achieved R0 resection, locoregional failure remained common, highlighting the need to continue to optimize radiation delivery in this context.
An Engineered Cholesterol Oxidase Catalyses Enantioselective Oxidation of Non‐steroidal Secondary Alcohols
Authors: Heath Rachel S. , Sangster Jack J. , Turner Nicholas J. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe enantioselective oxidation of 2° alcohols to ketones is an important reaction in synthetic chemistry, especially if it can be achieved using O2‐driven alcohol oxidases under mild reaction conditions. However to date, oxidation of secondary alcohols using alcohol oxidases has focused on activated benzylic or allylic substrates, with unactivated secondary alcohols showing poor activity. Here we show that cholesterol oxidase (EC 1.1.3.6) could be engineered for activity towards a range of aliphatic, cyclic, acyclic, allylic and benzylic secondary alcohols. Additionally, since the variants demonstrated high (S)‐selectivity, deracemisation reactions were performed in the presence of ammonia borane to obtain enantiopure (R)‐alcohols.
Targeting of MAD2L1 by miR‐515‐5p involves the regulation of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of colorectal cancer cells
Authors: Ding Xiang , Fu Qingyan , Chen Weixing , Chen Linjie , Zeng Qingjun , Zhang Sanjun , He Linfang 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAlthough many previous studies have found that the mitotic arrest deficient 2‐like 1 (MAD2L1) protein contributes to the proliferation of colorectal cancer (CRC) cells, but the upstream mechanism of MAD2L1 is still largely elusive. This study aimed to explore the microRNAs (miRNAs) upstream of MAD2L1 to improve our understanding of the mechanism of the MAD2L1 gene in CRC. The upstream target miRNAs (miR‐515‐5p) of MAD2L1 were predicted by the online databases miRWalk, miRDIP, and TargetScan. Quantitative real‐time PCR (qRT‐PCR) was used to detect the expression level of miR‐515‐5p in human CRC tissues. The targeting relationship between miR‐515‐5p and MAD2L1 was tested by dual luciferase reporter gene assays. The effects of miR‐515‐5p on the biological behaviors of CRC cells by regulating MAD2L1 expression were verified by qRT‐PCR, western blot, Cell Counting Kit‐8, and flow cytometry. The results showed that miR‐515‐5p was a highly reliable upstream miRNA of the MAD2L1 gene. As an upstream target miRNA of MAD2L1, miR‐515‐5p was lowly expression in CRC tissues. The overexpression of miR‐515‐5p could inhibit the proliferation of CRC cells and induce cell cycle arrest at the G1 phase leading to cell apoptosis. However, MAD2L1 gene overexpression could reverse the effects of miR‐515‐5p overexpression on the biological behaviors of CRC cells above. This study illustrated that miR‐515‐5p can inhibit proliferation and induce G1 phase arrest leading to apoptosis in CRC cells. The mechanism underlying this phenomenon may be related to the negative targeted regulation of MAD2L1.
Obstructive fibrinous tracheal pseudomembrane: Sudden child death following laser removal of papillomata
Authors: Rhame Caroline , Verster Janette , Dempers Johan , Goussard Pierre 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObstructive fibrinous tracheal pseudomembrane (OFTP) is a rare complication usually following endotracheal intubation, occurring when a collection of inflammatory exudate coalesces at the site of damaged epithelium within the trachea and along the tracheal mucosa, creating a luminal narrowing and subsequent airway obstruction.
Digitization in Catalysis Research: Towards a Holistic Description of a Ni/Al2O3 Reference Catalyst for CO2 Methanation
Authors: Weber Sebastian , Zimmermann Ronny T. , Bremer Jens , Abel Ken L. , Poppitz David , Prinz Nils , Ilsemann Jan , Wendholt Sven , Yang Qingxin , Pashminehazar Reihaneh , Monaco Federico , Cloetens Peter , Huang Xiaohui , Kübel Christian , Kondratenko Evgenii , Bauer Matthias , Bäumer Marcus , Zobel Mirijam , Gläser Roger , Sundmacher Kai , Sheppard Thomas L. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThere is considerable motivation in the catalysis community and chemical industry to envision a future where rational catalyst design and targeted chemical process optimization become standard. Achieving this goal for heterogeneous catalysis requires a cultural shift centered around effective research data management. The core elements of modern catalysis research are synthesis, characterization, and testing, while all can be elevated by effective collection, correlation, interoperation, and exploitation of data between disciplines and stakeholders. Here, first steps are made towards a holistic picture of an industrial Ni/Al2O3 reference catalyst for CO2 methanation. A range of conventional and advanced characterization tools are applied to probe metal particle size and pore characteristics of the support, selected as crucial parameters for catalyst performance. Challenges are shown with respect to current reporting of characterization data and metadata, which ultimately influences the development and reliability of digital twins in catalysis research. Furthermore, the cooperation and combined expertise of diverse research groups from different fields is recognized as essential to deliver meaningful progress towards the digital future of catalysis research.
Effects of drip irrigation and cultivation methods on establishment of seeded tall fescue
Authors: Bach Alex P. , Bremer Dale J. , Lavis Cathie C. , Keeley Steven J. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSubsurface drip irrigation (SDI) may save water but its effectiveness in establishing seeded turfgrass across different soil types and climates requires further investigation. This study was conducted in fine‐textured soils near Manhattan, KS. Our objectives were to investigate establishment of seeded tall fescue [Schedonorus arundinaceus (Schreb.) Dumort.] using: (a) SDI, aboveground drip irrigation (AGD), and overhead sprinkler irrigation (OH); and (b) core aeration vs. verticutting for seedbed preparation. Irrigation was applied daily at 150% reference evapotranspiration (ETo) as follows: OH, three times (3×) daily at 50% ETo per irrigation; AGD, 3× daily at 50% ETo per irrigation; SDI, one time (1×), two times (2×), and 3× daily at 150, 75, and 50% ETo per irrigation, respectively. Additional frequencies/amounts were included with SDI because it was unknown how soil hydraulic conductivity would affect uniformity of surface wetting and seed germination. Establishment was evaluated with green cover (GC), visual turfgrass quality (TQ), and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). Establishment was faster with SDI than AGD or OH, and similar between AGD and OH. By the end of the 1st month after seeding, GC and NDVI were up to 25 and 15% greater, respectively, in SDI than AGD and OH. In SDI, establishment was fastest when water was applied 2× vs. 3× or 1× d–1. Cultivation effects were negligible, indicating seedbed preparation with either method is appropriate as long as depths of cultivation and driplines are considered to avoid SDI damage. Results indicate seeded tall fescue turfgrass can be established with SDI in fine‐textured soils in a transition zone climate.
Cationic Iridium‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Decarbonylative Aryl Addition of Aromatic Aldehydes to Bicyclic Alkenes
Authors: Nonami Reina , Morimoto Yusei , Kanemoto Kazuya , Yamamoto Yasunori , Shirai Tomohiko 
Published: February 2022

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue are Tomohiko Shirai and co‐workers at the National Institute of Technology Kochi College and their collaborators at Chuo and Hokkaido Universities. The image depicts how asymmetric decarbonylative C−C bond formation by the Ir/S‐Me‐BIPAM complex takes precedence over aldehyde decarbonylation. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.202104347.
Characteristics of Bacterial and Archaeal Communities in Microbial‐Enhanced Constructed Wetlands under NaCl Stress
Authors: Wang Qian , Liu Wenxiao , Yuan Xunchao , Wang Ruifei , Liu Luxing , Li Huiyu , Zhao Congcong , Kong Qiang 
Published: February 2022

AbstractHigh salt concentrations can restrict or inhibit microorganism activity, which can detrimentally influence pollutant degradation. In this study, intertidal wetland sediments (IWS) are introduced into constructed wetlands (CWs) as sources of microorganisms. The richness and evenness of bacterial and archaeal microbial communities in the presence of 150 × 10−3 m NaCl are evaluated by high‐throughput sequencing. The distinction of dominant functional microorganisms in CWs with and without IWS is also analyzed. Anaerolineales and thermomicrobia are the dominant microorganisms in IWS–CWs in the saline condition and are related to methane production. The abundance of Alphaproteobacteria, Myxococcales, and Xanthomonadales, related to dehydrogenation, is relatively high in IWS–CWs. The addition of IWS induces further production of Anaerolineaceae and Geobacteraceae, which is positively correlated with the phosphorus‐accumulating and sulfate‐reducing stages. The dominant archaea phyla in IWS–CWs in the saline condition are Thaumarchaeota (87.5%) and Euryarchaeota (12.2%), which are involved in ammonia‐oxidizing and methane‐producing processes, respectively. These functional microbial communities are beneficial to the degradation and transformation of pollutants in the CWs. Thus, IWS with various halophilic and pollutant‐degrading microorganisms can be considered effective microbial sources to enhance the pollutant removal abilities of CWs.
Biodiesel Production from Bioremediation of Palm Oil Mill Effluent via Oleaginous Fungi
Authors: Athoillah Ahdyat Zain , Ahmad Farah B. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPalm oil mill effluent (POME) is a by‐product of palm oil production. POME can be considered as harmful waste without any treatment. POME, however, has the potential to be a source of low‐cost carbon for lipid production. This study aims to isolate potential oleaginous fungi from POME and to evaluate the ability of lipid production capacity of the purified isolates and commercial oleaginous fungi strains (Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus oryzae and Rhizopus spp.) from POME. POME is converted into lipid via the metabolic pathway of oleaginous fungi, where the lipids can be further trans‐esterified into microbial biodiesel. In this study, two fungal strains are successfully isolated from POME. The combination of Bligh and Dyer with Soxhlet extraction results in better lipid extraction efficiency. A. niger has the highest lipid yield from the cultivation on POME. The projected fuel properties of microbial biodiesel from A. niger are within the limits of Biodiesel Standard. Chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal from POME using A. niger is proven to be effective with 70% COD removal. The production of biodiesel from wastes of the palm oil industry may improve the industry's sustainability through the use of nonfood feedstock coupled with simultaneous bioremediation of POME.
Spatial distribution of beta‐klotho mRNA in the mouse hypothalamus, hippocampal region, subiculum, and amygdala
Authors: Bono Bianca S. , Koziel Ly Nikita K. , Miller Persephone A. , Williams‐Ikhenoba Jesukhogie , Dumiaty Yasmina , Chee Melissa J. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBeta‐klotho (KLB) is a coreceptor required for endocrine fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 15/19 and FGF21 signaling in the brain. Klb is prominent within the hypothalamus, which is consistent with its metabolic functions, but diverse roles for Klb are now emerging. Central Klb expression is low but discrete and may govern FGF‐targeted sites. However, given its low expression, it is unclear if Klb mRNA is more widespread. We performed in situ hybridization to label Klb mRNA to generate spatial maps capturing the distribution and levels of Klb within the mouse hypothalamus, hippocampal region, subiculum, and amygdala. Semiquantitative analysis revealed that Klb‐labeled cells may express low, medium, or high levels of Klb mRNA. Hypothalamic Klb hybridization was heterogeneous and varied rostrocaudally within the same region. Most Klb‐labeled cells were found in the lateral hypothalamic zone, but the periventricular hypothalamic region, including the suprachiasmatic nucleus, contained the greatest proportion of cells expressing medium or high Klb levels. We also found heterogeneous Klb hybridization in the amygdala and subiculum, where Klb was especially distinct within the central amygdalar nucleus and ventral subiculum, respectively. By contrast, Klb‐labeled cells in the hippocampal region only expressed low levels of Klb and were typically found in the pyramidal layer of Ammon's horn or dentate gyrus. The Klb‐labeled regions identified in this study are consistent with reported roles of Klb in metabolism, taste preference, and neuroprotection. However, additional identified sites, including within the hypothalamus and amygdala, may suggest novel roles for FGF15/19 or FGF21 signaling.
Sensorless voltage balancing method for modular multilevel converter
Authors: Gobburi Hari Babu , Borghate Vijay B. , Meshram Prafullachandra M. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractModular multilevel converters (MMCs) have become prominent for high and medium power applications. The phase‐disposition pulse width modulation (PDPWM) technique is a carrier‐based method that generates good quality output. However, it has the inherent problem of uneven power distribution. Conventionally, this is solved by expensive voltage and current measurements. In this paper, a capacitor voltage balancing method is presented for MMC, which eliminates the need for voltage and current sensors. It also ensures uniform power distribution among the submodules (SMs). In addition, it needs only one carrier per phase, and one PWM reference, for either upper arm or lower arm to produceN + 1 level withNSMs per arm. The capacitor voltage balancing method is analyzed mathematically and verified for the MMC with two‐level half‐bridge SMs. The same method is also extended to the MMC with three‐level flying capacitor SMs. MATLAB/SIMULINK simulations and experimental results on a laboratory prototype are presented to verify the theoretical concepts.
Neurodegeneration from the AT(N) framework is different among Mexican Americans compared to non‐Hispanic Whites: A Health & Aging Brain among Latino Elders (HABLE) Study
Authors: O'Bryant Sid E. , Zhang Fan , Petersen Melissa , Hall James , Johnson Leigh A. , Yaffe Kristine , Braskie Meredith , Rissman Robert A. , Vig Rocky , Toga Arthur W. ,   for the HABLE Study Team
Published: February 2022

AbstractIntroductionWe sought to examine a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)‐based marker of neurodegeneration from the AT(N) (amyloid/tau/neurodegeneration) framework among a multi‐ethnic, community‐dwelling cohort.MethodsCommunity‐dwelling Mexican Americans and non‐Hispanic White adults and elders were recruited. All participants underwent comprehensive assessments including an interview, functional exam, clinical labs, informant interview, neuropsychological testing and 3T MRI of the brain. A neurodegeneration MRI meta‐region of interest (ROI) biomarker for the AT(N) framework was calculated.ResultsData were examined from n = 1305 participants. Mexican Americans experienced N at significantly younger ages. The N biomarker was significantly associated with cognitive outcomes. N was significantly impacted by cardiovascular factors (e.g., total cholesterol, low‐density lipoprotein) among non‐Hispanic Whites whereas diabetes (glucose, HbA1c, duration of diabetes) and sociocultural (household income, acculturation) factors were strongly associated with N among Mexican Americans.DiscussionThe prevalence, progression, timing, and sequence of the AT(N) biomarkers must be examined across diverse populations.
Impact of sex and APOE ε4 on the association of cognition and hippocampal volume in clinically normal, amyloid positive adults
Authors: Petersen Kellen K. , Grober Ellen , Lipton Richard B. , Sperling Reisa A. , Buckley Rachel F. , Aisen Paul S. , Ezzati Ali 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIntroductionCognitive decline follows pathological changes including neurodegeneration on the Alzheimer's disease continuum. However, it is unclear which cognitive domains first become affected by neurodegeneration in amyloid‐positive individuals and if sex or apolipoprotein (APOE) ε4 status differences affect this relationship.MethodsData from 1233 cognitively unimpaired, amyloid‐positive individuals 65 to 85 years of age were studied to assess the effect of hippocampal volume (HV) on cognition and to evaluate differences due to sex and APOE ε4 status.ResultsLower HV was linked with worse performance on measures of memory (free recall, total recall, logical memory delayed recall, Mini‐Mental State Examination [MMSE]), executive functioning (digit symbol substitution, DSS), and the Preclinical Alzheimer's Cognitive Composite (PACC). Among both women and APOE ε4+ individuals, all cognitive measures, except MMSE, were associated with HV. DSS and PACC had the largest effect sizes in differentiating early and intermediate stage neurodegeneration.DiscussionDespite all cognitive measures being associated with HV, cognitive tests show differences in detecting early or late signs of neurodegeneration. Differences exist in association between cognition and neurodegeneration based on sex and APOE ε4 status
Variable effects of wolves on niche breadth and density of intraguild competitors
Authors: Fowler Nicholas L. , Petroelje Tyler R. , Kautz Todd M. , Svoboda Nathan J. , Duquette Jared F. , Kellner Kenneth F. , Beyer Dean E. , Belant Jerrold L. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract

The parallel niche release hypothesis (PNR) indicates that reduced competition with dominant competitors results in greater density and niche breadth of subordinate competitors and which may support an adaptive advantage.

We assessed support for the PNR by evaluating relationships between variation in niche breadth and intra‐ and interspecific density (an index of competition) of wolves (Canis lupus) coyotes (C. latrans), and bobcats (Lynx rufus).

We estimated population density (wolf track surveys, coyote howl surveys, and bobcat hair snare surveys) and variability in space use (50% core autocorrelated kernel density home range estimators), temporal activity (hourly and overnight speed), and dietary (isotopic δ13C and δ15N) niche breadth of each species across three areas of varying wolf density in the Upper Peninsula of Michigan, USA, 2010–2019.

Densities of wolves and coyotes were inversely related, and increased variability in space use, temporal activity, and dietary niche breadth of coyotes was associated with increased coyote density and decreased wolf density supporting the PNR. Variability in space use and temporal activity of wolves and dietary niche breadth of bobcats also increased with increased intraspecific density supporting the PNR.

Through demonstrating decreased competition between wolves and coyotes and increased coyote niche breadth and density, our study provides multidimensional support for the PNR. Knowledge of the relationship between niche breadth and population density can inform our understanding of the role of competition in shaping the realized niche of species.
Real‐world eligibility for vericiguat in decompensated heart failure with reduced ejection fraction
Authors: Oh Jaewon , Lee Chan Joo , Park Jin Joo , Lee Sang Eun , Kim Min‐Seok , Cho Hyun‐Jai , Choi Jin‐Oh , Lee Hae‐Young , Hwang Kyung‐Kuk , Kim Kye Hun , Yoo Byung‐Su , Choi Dong‐Ju , Baek Sang Hong , Jeon Eun‐Seok , Kim Jae‐Joong , Cho Myeong‐Chan , Chae Shung Chull , Oh Byung‐Hee , Kang Seok‐Min 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAims In 2021, vericiguat was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Commission (EC) for reducing cardiovascular mortality and heart failure (HF) hospitalizations in patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) based on the Vericiguat Global Study in Subjects with Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (VICTORIA) trial. However, there has been no report for characterizing the generalizability of vericiguat to real‐world clinical practice.Methods and results The Korean Acute Heart Failure (KorAHF) registry is a multicentre prospective cohort study. A total of 5625 patients who were admitted for HF decompensation were consecutively enrolled. We excluded the patients without left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) quantification, patients with LVEF > 45%, patients with in‐hospital death or urgent heart transplantation, and patients without natriuretic peptide measurement. Among a total of 3014 enrolled patients, there were 21.9% patients with lower systolic blood pressure (SBP) (<100 mmHg) and 20.1% patients without elevated natriuretic peptide. Regarding chronic kidney disease (CKD) status, 5.1% patients had CKD Stage V [estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <15 mL/min/1.73 m2] and 11.8% patients had CKD Stage IV (15 ≤ eGFR < 30 mL/min/1.73 m2). When we analysed these criteria sequentially, 21.9% were excluded from lower SBP, 15.9% were excluded from elevated natriuretic peptide, and 4.2% were excluded from advanced CKD Stage V (9.6% for CKD Stages IV and V). Among the KorAHF registry patients, we found two main reasons for not meeting the inclusion criteria of the VICTORIA trial such as low SBP and non‐elevated natriuretic peptide.Conclusions Among the Korean hospitalized HFrEF patients, 94.9% met the FDA/EC label criteria, while 58% met the inclusion criteria of the VICTORIA trial. Our findings suggest the need for better strategies to integrate up‐to‐date HF treatment in a real‐world HF population, especially decompensated HF patients with low SBP and non‐elevated natriuretic peptide.