bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implication of population density on biodiversity of Human-Commensal Drosophila Species in Nigeria
Authors: Abdulazeez R , Akhadelor M. O. , Gbadamosi Monsurat T. , Iyeola-Tunji A.O , Shehu D. M , Ndams I.S 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Environmental conditions and anthropogenic activities at various temporal and spatial scales tend to shape the patterns of biodiversity. The family Drosophilidae serves as good bio indicator model in understanding ecological indices and species diversity interactions. The potential of Drosophila to serve as an environmental indicator lies on the cosmopolitan nature of this group and the sensitivity of the flies to environmental variables. This study analyzed the biodiversity of human-commensal Drosophila inhabiting vegetable markets located within the salt water mangrove (SWM), fresh water mangrove (FWM), rain forest (RF) and Southern Guinea Savanna (SGS) vegetation regions of Nigeria. Collections were made from sixteen (l6) vegetable markets using fermented banana as bait. A total of 1,077 fruit flies, composed of four different species of Drosophila belonging to the subgenera Sophophora, Zaprionus and an unidentified species were collected. Drosophila melanogaster of the subgenus Sophophora was predominant (82.5%) in all the sampled vegetation zones while the unidentified fruit fly species was the least (0.7%). The Simpson Diversity Index was lowest (0.13) for Southern Guinea Savanna indicating a higher diversity of fruit flies in the zone. The ecological index of temperature was significantly negatively correlated (-0.965) with Drosophila species diversity while human population was significantly positively correlated (0.832) with biodiversity. The results suggest D. melanogaster as the predominant human-commensal species irrespective of environmental factors and significant impacts of temperature and human population on the biodiversity of human-commensal Drosophila in Nigeria.
Conversion of foliar residues of the ornamental species Sansevieria trifasciata into adsorbents: the study of dye adsorption in continuous and discontinuous systems
Authors: Grassi Patrícia , Netto Matias Schadeck , Jahn Sérgio Luiz , Georgin Jordana , Franco Dison S.P. , Sillanpää Mika , Meili Lucas , Silva Luis F. O. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The species Sansevieria trifasciata is very widespread around the world both for its ornamental use and profusely spread among religions of African origin. The study analyzed the potential of leaf powder prepared from the residual leaves of the species Sansevieria trifasciata, as a potential adsorbent for methylene blue (MB) removal in a discontinuous system. For the batch study, the equilibrium was reached fast for almost all concentrations after 60 min, obtaining the maximum capacity of 139.98 mg.g− 1 for 200 mg.L− 1. The increase in temperature disfavored the dye adsorption, with the maximum adsorption capacity of 225.8 mg.g− 1, observed for 298 K. The thermodynamic parameters confirmed that the adsorption process is spontaneous and exothermic. A direct sloping curve was established for the fixed bed, with breakthrough time (tb) of 1430, 1130, and 525 min for 100, 200, and 500 mg.L− 1, respectively. The column stoichiometric capacities (qeq) and the mass transfer zone lengths (Zm) were 60.48, 187.01, 322.65 mg.g− 1, and 8.81, 11.28 and 10.71 cm, for concentrations of 100, 200, and 500 mg.L− 1, correspondingly. Furthermore, in a mixture of several dyes, the adsorbent obtained the removal of 51% of the color.
MiR-647 Targeting PRKCA to Regulate the Activation of Human Atrial Fibroblasts Through TGFβ1/Smad Pathway
Authors: Yan Yang , Han Dan , Tian Hongyan 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background
Atrial remodeling is the main pathogenesis of atrial fibrillation (AF). Interstitial fibrosis is an important part of atrial remodeling, mainly involving the activation of atrial fibroblasts. Nowadays, studies have focused on miRNAs in regulating fibroblasts in AF related atrial fibrosis, however, the molecular mechanism of this pathological process is not fully understood.
Methods
Cell experiments were carried out to investigate the mechanism of miR-647 targeting PRKCA gene in regulating atrial fibrosis of AF. CCK-8, transwell, immunofluorescence assays were applied to observe the proliferation, migration and the phenotypic transformation of the human atrial fibroblasts. qRT-PCR and WB were used to detect the collagen production, expression levels of α-SMA and TGFβ1/Smad pathway.
Results
The results of CCK-8, transwell and immunofluorescence assays showed that miR-647 inhibited the proliferation, migration and the fluorescence intensity of α-SMA of the human atrial fibroblasts. QRT-PCR and WB showed that miR-647 could significantly attenuate the expression levels of fibrosis related Collagen I and III, α-SMA and TGFβ1/Smad pathway by targeting PRKCA.
Conclusion
MiR-647 targeting PRKCA gene regulates the activation of human atrial fibroblasts through the TGFβ1/Smad pathway.
Circulating circular RNA hsa_circ_0023179 acts as a diagnostic biomarker for non-small-cell lung cancer detection
Authors: Ju Shaoqing , Zhang Qi , Qin Shiyi , Peng Chunlei , Liu Yupeng , Huang Yuejiao 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Lung cancer, the most prevalent cancer-related death worldwide, still lacks the means for early diagnosis. Because of the unique properties of the loop that make it stable in body fluids, circular RNAs (circRNAs) as a biomarker becomes a possibility. This research purposed to explore whether hsa_circ_0023179 can be applied as a possible biomarker for the early diagnosis and prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Methods: hsa_circ_0023179 was screened by high-throughput sequencing of three pairs of NSCLC tissues and their surrounding tissues. Agarose gel electrophoresis (AGE), Sanger sequencing, exonuclease digestion assay, and actinomycin D were used to affirm the molecular properties of circRNA. Precision determination was performed by placement at room temperature and multiple freeze-thawing test for methodological evaluation. The expression of hsa_circ_0023179 in tissues, serum, and cells was determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) to establish the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve to assess the diagnostic efficacy of hsa_circ_0023179.Results: hsa_circ_0023179 conforms to the basic properties of circRNA, and the detection method of hsa_circ_0023179 has good stability and repeatability. Its expression was connected to histological type, TNM stage, lymph node metastasis, and distal metastasis in NSCLC tissues, serum, and cells. Compared with traditional tumor markers with higher sensitivity and specificity. A combined diagnosis can significantly improve the diagnostic value. The decrease in postoperative expression level suggests some potential for dynamic monitoring.Conclusion: hsa_circ_0023179 might be a promising novel serum marker for the detection and prediction of NSCLC.
Intraoperative angiography of the neurovascular bundle using indocyanine green and near-infrared fluorescence improves anatomical dissection during robot-assisted radical prostatectomy: initial clinical experience
Authors: Amara Nordine , Youssef Tarek Al , Massa Jordan , Fidjel Aouad , Khoury Elias El , Patel Belur , Flais Mathias , Deswarte Christophe 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: Landmark artery identification in the neurovascular bundle (NVB) is important for nerve-sparing in radical prostatectomy. We aimed to investigate intraoperative angiography using indocyanine green and near-infrared fluorescence (ICG-NIRF) during robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) to identify the NVB, visualise vascularisation and haemostasis, and preserve erectile function.Methods: Retrospective, unicentric study of 91 consecutive localised prostate cancer RARP patients (stage T1/T2, prostate specific antigen <10 ng/ml) who underwent ICG-NIRF angiography in France (2016–2021). When ready to dissect the NVB, the anaesthesiologist intravenously injected ICG (3 ml); the surgeon used alternating standard light or fluorescence to optimise NVB visualisation and facilitate microdissection. Primary outcomes: safety and feasibility of ICG-NIRF. Secondary outcomes: functional erectile dysfunction (Sexual Health Inventory for Men questionnaire) over 9 months, proportion of bilateral NVBs identified, ICG-related complications. Standard descriptive statistics were used; t-test determined the significance of changes in SHIM scores versus baseline. Results: Ninety-one patients received intraoperative angiography. The NVB was identified in all cases, without difficulties. No ICG-related complications or allergies were observed. There was no significant difference in the SHIM score at 9 months compared with baseline (p=0.331), and erectile dysfunction returned to baseline levels in almost all patients.Conclusions: Intraoperative, real-time ICG-NIRF angiography is simple, non-invasive, and improves identification of key anatomical landmarks to optimise micropreservation of the NVB during RARP and preserve erectile function. Larger clinical studies should confirm preliminary results.
Seroprevalence study prior and post vaccination in Cancer patients in Principality of Andorra (COVONCO study)
Authors: Royo-Cebrecos Cristina , Robert-Montaner Ïa , Vilanova David , Bailles Eva , Serrano-Pons Jordi , Valero Oliver , Buldon Josep Maria , Bermudez-de-Castro Leticia , Mahia Eva , Pujadas Jaume , Cobo Francesc , Piqué Josep Maria , Albiol Santiago 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Background: COVID-19 serologic response in patients with cancer may be lower than in the general population and may be influenced by the type of tumor or anticancer treatment. This study aims to analyze serological response prior and after vaccination of COVID-19 within the oncological population in Andorra. We set out to identify risk factors for a higher or lower serological response. Patients and methodsObservational, unicentric, prospective cohort study of oncologic patients in Andorra. We calculated seroprevalence of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 (May 2020-June 2021) and analyzed the main demographic, oncologic features and factors associated with being seropositive. ResultsA total of 373 patients were analyzed, mainly with solid malignancies (n = 334, 89.5%). At baseline, seroprevalence was 13%, increasing during follow-up to 19%; lower seroprevalence was observed in patients with hematologic malignancies (2.6% vs 14.2%; p= 0.041) and patients receiving biological therapies (0% vs 15%, p=0.005). In the overall seroprevalence analysis, women (23% vs 11.9%; p=0.006) and tumour-free patients (p=0.034) showed higher seroprevalence. The multivariable analysis showed that odds of being seropositive were higher among women (OR: 2.44, 95% CI: 1.28-4.64), and patients who underwent a surgery (OR: 3.35, 95% CI: 1.10-10.20). About 80% of the cohort received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccination, showing a higher seroprevalence of patients who received ChAdOx1-S than those who received BNT162b2 (24.4% vs 6.4%: p=0.001). ConclusionThe seroprevalence of antibodies against SARS-COV-2 in oncologic patients in Andorra was higher among females and patients who received hormonal therapy and surgery while patients with hematologic malignancies and biologic therapies showed lower seropositivity without finding differences in the type of tumour or anticancer treatment.
Knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward COVID-19 among the general population: A cross-sectional Study in Kankan Guinea
Authors: Demba Mara , KAPASA Rigobert LOTOKO , TADY Camara , NAJAT Halabi , Abdelaziz HANNOUN , BOUADDI Oumnia , RAJI Mohamed , CHAFIQ Nadia , BELOUALI Radouane , KHALIS Mohamed , WALLANT Yves COPPIETERS'T 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Implementing decisive and effective infection prevention and control measures requires a good understanding of the state of knowledge among the general population, in order to identify existing gaps and respond adequately. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) related to COVID-19 among the public in Kankan Guinea, with a view to understanding socio-demographic factors that are associated with poor KAP. In total, 1230 Guineans participated in this study.The majority of respondents (60%) had good knowledge about COVID-19. However, only 44% of respondents below 29 years old had a good level of knowledge about COVID-19. Male participants had a higher level of knowledge about COVID-19 compared to female participants (P = 0.003). The majority of participants (82%) had negative attitudes towards COVID-19 and 61% of respondents reported good practices related to COVID-19 measures. In this study, being female was a risk factor for poor knowledge about COVID-19 (P < 0,001) and being single was a risk factor for negative attitudes towards COVID-19 (P = 0,009). Appropriate measures should be undertaken to raise public awareness and improve widespread practice of preventive measures aimed at reducing the spread of infectious diseases such as COVID-19.
Airway-resident functional T cell responses against SARS-CoV-2 in unexposed individuals
Authors: Maini Mala , Diniz Mariana , Mitsi Elena , Swadling Leo , Rylance Jamie , Ferreira Daniela 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
T cells can contribute to clearance of respiratory viruses that cause acute-resolving infections like SARS-CoV-2, helping to provide long-lived protection against disease following infection. Recent studies suggested an additional role for T cells in resisting overt infection; pre-existing cross-reactive responses to the highly conserved SARS-CoV-2 replication transcription complex (RTC) were preferentially enriched in healthcare workers who had abortive infections (1) and non-spike cross-reactive T cells were associated with protection against infection in household contacts (2). We hypothesise that such early viral control would require pre-existing cross-reactive memory T cells already resident at the site of infection. Airway-resident CD4+T cells have been shown to be critical for mediating protection following intra-nasal vaccination in a murine model of SARS-CoV3, but have not been reported in the context of human SARS-CoV-2. We used bronchoalveolar lavage samples from the lower respiratory tract of healthy donors obtained prior to the COVID-19 pandemic to probe for T cell specificities previously found to be preferentially enriched in the blood of donors with abortive infection(1). Our data reveal the potential to harness functional airway-resident SARS-CoV-2-reactive T cells in next-generation mucosal vaccines.
Haptoglobin polymorphism modulates cardiometabolic impacts of four consecutive weeks, dawn to sunset Ramadan intermittent fasting among subjects with overweight/obesity
Authors: Madkour Mohamed , Sherif Naglaa M. , Hasan Rasha , Awadallah Samir , Abdelrahim Dana , Jahrami Haitham , Hazim Katia , Faris MoezAlIslam 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Aims
Haptoglobin (Hp) is a multifaceted marker of inflammation, and mediates the interplay between obesity, inflammation, and cardiometabolic dysfunction. However, the role of the Hp phenotype in modulating intermittent fasting (IF)-induced changes in cardiometabolic markers remains to be elucidated.
Methods
Hp phenotype was determined for the study subjects. Cardiometabolic markers were assessed before and at the end of four consecutive weeks, dawn to sunset IF.
Results
A total of 114 subjects (75 males and 39 females, 38.7 ± 11.7 years, body mass index (BMI) of 30.41 ± 5.09 kg/m2) were recruited. Hp2-2 (n = 55, 48.2%) and Hp2-1 (n = 53, 46.5%) were the predominant phenotypes. Significant reductions were observed in serum Hp, IL-6, TNF-α, triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), LDL, BMI, fat mass (FM), while the significant elevation was observed in serum CD163, HDL, and IL-10 at the end of the IF month for the whole population. Based on the Hp polymorphism, significant decreases in Hp, BMI, FM, TG, LDL, and TNF-α, with significant increases in HDL and CD163 levels were observed among subjects with Hp2-2 and Hp2-1 phenotypes. A more pronounced reduction in FM was reported in subjects with Hp2-2 in comparison with Hp2-1.
Conclusion
Hp gene polymorphism modulates IF-induced changes in cardiometabolic markers.
Using a Participatory Approach to Develop Research Priorities for Future Leaders in Precision Public Health
Authors: Roberts Megan C , Mader June Mullaney , Turbitt Erin , Smit Amelia , Landry Latrice , Olstad Dana Lee , Passero Lauren E , Allen Caitlin G 
Published: April 2022

Abstract

Precision public health is an emerging discipline combining principles and frameworks of precision health with the goal of improving population health. The development of research priorities drawing on the strengths of precision and public health is critical to facilitate the growth of the discipline to improve health outcomes. We held an interactive workshop during a virtual conference bringing together early-career researchers across public health disciplines to identify research priorities in precision public health. The workshop participants discussed and voted to identify three priority areas for future research and capacity building including 1) enhancing equity and access to precision public health research and resources, 2) improving tools and metrics for evaluation and 3) applying principles of implementation science to support sustainable practices. Participants also developed future objectives for achieving each priority. Future efforts by working groups will continue the process of identifying, revising, and advancing critical research priorities to grow the impact of precision public health.
Streptococcus suis: an emerging and lethal pathogen in snakeskin gourami, Trichopodus pectoralis
Authors: Dinh-Hung Nguyen , Dong Ha Thanh , Taengphu Suwimon , Soontara Chayanit , Rodkhum Channarong , Senapin Saengchan , Chatchaiphan Satid 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the causative agent of an outbreak with clinical signs similar to those of piscine streptococcosis in farmed snakeskin gourami (Trichopodus pectoralis). Initial microscopic examination revealed the predominance of a Gram-positive, cocci bacteria in the brain and kidney of the diseased fish. This bacterium was successfully isolated and identified as Streptococcus suis based on nucleotide homology of 16S rDNA and species-specific PCR. Experimental infection was then performed to investigate the pathogenicity of the bacterium and its histopathological manifestation. Naïve juvenile and adult snakeskin gourami were injected intraperitoneally with a low dose (1.2×105 CFU/fish) and a high dose (1.2×107 CFU/fish) of S. suis. Cumulative mortality appeared to be dose- and size-dependent. Experimentally diseased fish exhibited clinical signs consistent with naturally diseased fish. Severe histopathological changes in multiple organs were observed in both juvenile and adult fish, including meningitis, severe congestion in the brain and eyes, thickened stromal layers of the retina, severe hepatic lipidosis and tissue degeneration. Notably, numerous granulomas containing massive bacterial cells in the necrotic core were observed in the infected fish. Relatively pure colonies of S. suis were recovered from tissues of experimentally diseased fish. Taken together, this study fulfilled Koch’s postulates, indicating that S. suis is a newly emerging piscine pathogen. Although this is a case report, public awareness and biosecurity measures should be considered to prevent the spread of the disease. Further surveillance of the pathogen's distribution and research into the underlying causes of fish-host adaptation will provide insights into the genuine impact and appropriate disease control strategies.
A Novel Pythagorean Renyi's-Tsallis Discriminant Information Measure and its Applications in Decision Making
Authors: Kadian Ratika , Kumar Satish 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
The Pythagorean fuzzy set (PFS) which is an expansion of intuitionistic fuzzy set, is more capable of expressing and handling the uncertainty under uncertain environment. In this paper, a novel Pythagorean information measure has been proposed along with its various properties for probability distributions and Pythagorean fuzzy sets. The new Pythagorean discriminant information measure has some desirable merits. We justify necessity of the newly proposed method using counterintuitive examples. To implement the application of Pythagorean measures in real life problem, we have taken real data from the repository of machine learning. After that we transform the real data set into PF-environment. Thereafter, by using the idea of degree of confidence the potential of proposed measure has been discussed. By contrasting the various methods it is found that the new divergence measure is more efficient as compared to other methods.
A Comprehensive Review on Recent Advances and Considerations for the
Selection of Cell-based In-vitro Techniques for the Assessment of
Permeability of Drug Molecules
Authors: Garg Anuj , Garg Rajat 
Published: April 2022

Objective:
The main focus of this article is to analyze numerous in-vitro methods and their
modifications currently used to assess the absorption or permeability of drug molecules from different
formulations.

Methods:
In the literature, no single method can be applied as a gold standard for measuring the exact
permeability of each drug molecule. Various in-vitro methods, including tissue and cell-based models,
are reported to assess the absorption of drugs. Caco-2 cell is a widely used model for absorption studies
but sometimes provides inaccurate results. Alternative methods like Madin-Darby canine kidney, IEC-
18, TC-7, 2/4/A1, and IPEC-J2 cell lines are also used. In this study, the merits and demerits of each
method have been described, along with the factors affecting the results of absorption studies. The
selection of an appropriate method is critical in accurately assessing the permeability and absorption of
drugs by mechanisms like vesicular and active transport. This review article aims to provide in-depth
knowledge regarding the different in-vitro methods, strategies, and selection of appropriate in-vitro
models to predict intestinal absorption.

Conclusion:
A flow chart diagram for decision-making in selecting an appropriate in-vitro permeability
model for formulation has been proposed for estimating permeability.
What is the Role of Lithium in Epilepsy?
Authors: Rao Chamallamudi Mallikarjuna , Bojja Sree Lalitha , Singh Neha , Kolathur Kiran Kumar 
Published: April 2022

Abstract:
Lithium is a well-known FDA-approved treatment for bipolar and mood disorders. Lithium
has been an enigmatic drug with multifaceted actions involving various neurotransmitters and
intricate cell signalling cascades. Recent studies highlight the neuroprotective and neurotrophic actions
of lithium in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Alzheimer’s disease, intracerebral hemorrhage, and
epilepsy. Of note, lithium holds a significant interest in epilepsy, where the past reports expose its
non-specific proconvulsant action, followed lately by numerous studies for anti-convulsant action.
However, the exact mechanism of action of lithium for any of its effects is still largely unknown.
The present review integrates findings from several reports and provides detailed possible mechanisms
of how a single molecule exhibits marked pro-epileptogenic as well as anti-convulsant action.
This review also provides clarity regarding the safety of lithium therapy in epileptic patients.