bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reseña. Manifiesto municipalista. Un análisis histórico-crítico de experiencias contemporáneas de gobernanza local
Authors: Espí-Verdú Lidia 
Published: October 2022

Resumen: La obra aquí reseñada nos aproxima al estudio de las transformaciones más recientes que, en materia de seguridad, atraviesan las ciudades: la expansión del cuerpo de policía, la introducción de lógicas policiales a la hora de tratar problemas sociales, en espacios donde anteriormente no tenían cabida, junto a una transformación de la percepción subjetiva que la población tiene en tomo la institución, la seguridad y la delincuencia. Metropolice trata de abordar esta serie de cambios, y los explica mediante la interconexión de lo que ha ocurrido en el plano político, así como los significantes simbólicos que constituyen la realidad urbana. ¿Puede reformarse el cuerpo policial o, por el contrario, deberían buscarse alternativas? Esa es, quizá, la última pregunta que plantean los autores.

Palabras clave: calidad de vida, clúster, economía, solución, creatividad.
El buen vivir como modelo de bienestar de las ecoaldeas. El caso de la ecoaldea de El Calabacino (Alájar, Huelva, España) / / / \ \ \ Good living as a model of wellbeing in ecovillages. The case of the ecovillage of El Calabacino (Alájar, Huelva, Spain)
Authors: Hidalgo-Capitán Antonio Luis , Cubillo-Guevara Ana Patricia , Rodríguez-Fariñas María Jara 
Published: October 2022

Resumen: Las ecoaldeas no siguen el modelo de bienestar del resto de las sociedades occidentales, sino que han desarrollado un modelo alternativo de bienestar. Por ello, con el objetivo de comprobar que el buen vivir es el modelo alternativo de bienestar de las ecoaldeas, siguiendo el método del estudio de caso, realizamos un estudio cualitativo de la forma de vida de la ecoaldea de El Calabacino, bajo la hipótesis de que en ella la vida se desarrolla tratando de alcanzar la armonía con la naturaleza, la comunidad y un@ mism@. De dicho estudio se obtiene que esta forma de vida genera altos niveles de sostenibilidad ecológica, equidad social y satisfacción vital, y que el buen vivir es su modelo de bienestar. Y tras una generalización analítica, concluimos que el buen vivir es el modelo de bienestar de las ecoaldeas.

Palabras clave: armonía; sostenibilidad ecológica; equidad social; satisfacción vital.

Abstract: Ecovillages do not follow the welfare model of the rest of western societies but have developed an alternative welfare model. Therefore, to verify that good living is the alternative model of welfare for ecovillages, following the case study method, we carried out a qualitative study of the way of life of El Calabacino ecovillage, under the hypothesis of that in its life develops trying to achieve harmony with nature, the community and oneself. From this study it is obtained that this way of life generates high levels of ecological sustainability, social equity and life satisfaction, and that good living is its model of welfare. And after an analytical generalization, we conclude that good living is the welfare model of ecovillages.

Key words: harmony; ecological sustainability; social equity; life satisfaction.
Reseña. Ecología e igualdad. Hacia una relectura de la teoría sociológica en un planeta que se ha quedado pequeño
Authors: Muñoz-Haba Aitana 
Published: October 2022

Resumen: Ernest García reivindica en este libro el hito científico y fundacional de la sociología que supuso la publicación de la tesis ecológica malthusiana propuesta en su “Ensayo sobre el principio de población” de 1798. De ese modo, el autor rescata los conceptos de Malthus para comprender la crisis ecológica actual, que al contrario que las crisis ecológicas precedentes, tiene un carácter global y urgente. Nos ofrece una minuciosa revisión de las bases de la teoría sociológica para nutrir los debates actuales relacionados con la escasez y la translimitación, y asegurase de que se desplieguen desde un punto de partida teórico sólido. De este modo, García llama a superar la por muchos años incontestable incompatibilidad entre ecología e igualdad.

Palabras clave: Ecología, igualdad, población, Malthus, translimitación.
Reseña. La Eurociudad del Guadiana: perfil e identidad en la frontera ibérica: Ayamonte, Castro Marim, Vila Real de Santo Antonio
Authors: Dahbi Fatima 
Published: October 2022

Resumen: La obra reseñada presenta los resultados de una amplia, concisa y relevante investigación sobre la Eurociudad del Guadiana. Adoptando una perspectiva geográfica además de histórica, económica y social, pone de manifiesto las limitaciones y las potencialidades de este territorio, compartido entre dos países. Dicho volumen analiza un ejemplo de ciudad europea, basada en la cooperación y en el intercambio mutuo entre países diferentes que, no obstante, comparten una misma región.

Palabras clave: España, Portugal, Cooperación internacional, Eurociudad, fronteras, Río Guadiana.
Publicação científica e ciências sociais: 100 números da revista Sociologia, Problemas e Práticas
Authors: Costa António Firmino da , Martins Susana da Cruz , Pintassilgo Sónia Cardoso , Nunes Nuno , Carvalho Helena 
Published: October 2022

O presente artigo analisa a importância das revistas científicas na constituição e no desenvolvimento dos campos científicos. Analisa também um conjunto de questões de fundo que estas revistas enfrentam atualmente. Toma como caso de estudo a revista Sociologia, Problemas e Práticas. Esta revista surgiu no processo de institucionalização da área da sociologia em Portugal. Está agora a publicar o seu número 100, após 37 anos de publicação continuada. Este artigo analisa o contexto, o perfil e as fases desta revista científica que tem como foco principal a sociologia, mas que está aberta igualmente a contribuições interdisciplinares de outras ciências sociais. Este artigo discute ainda um conjunto de problemas com que estas revistas académicas presentemente se confrontam: a publicação científica em acesso aberto; a avaliação por pares; as novas plataformas de publicação científica; e a tensão entre publicação internacional e impacto social contextual.
Novel method of Characterization of dispersive properties of heterogeneous head tissue using Microwave sensing and Machine learning Algorithms
Authors: Lalitha K. , Manjula J. 
Published: October 2022

A brain tumor is a critical medical condition and early detection is essential for a speedy recovery. Researchers have explored the use of electromagnetic waves in the microwave region for the early detection of brain tumor. However, clinical adoption is not yet realized because of the low resolution of microwave images. This paper provides an innovative approach to improve microwave brain tumor detection intelligently by differentiating normal and malignant tissues using machine learning algorithms. The dataset required for classification is obtained from the antenna measurements. To facilitate the measurement process, an Antipodal Vivaldi antenna with the diamond-shaped parasitic patch (37 mmx21 mm) is designed to operate with a resonance frequency of 3 GHz. The proposed antenna maintains a numerical reflection coefficient (S11) value below -10dB over the entire UWB frequency range. In this paper, Waikato Environment for Knowledge Analysis (WEKA) classification tool with 10 cross-fold validation is used for comparison of various algorithms against the dataset obtained from the proposed antenna.
Incidence rate, risk factors, and management of Bell’s palsy in the Qurayyat region of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alanazi Fahad , Kashoo Faizan Z. , Alduhishy Anas , Aldaihan Mishal , Ahmad Fuzail , Alanazi Ahmad 
Published: October 2022

Background
Bell’s palsy is an idiopathic facial nerve dysfunction causing temporary paralysis of muscles of facial expression. This study aimed to determine the incidence rate, common risk factors, and preferred treatment by the Saudi patients with Bell’s palsy.

Method
This cross-sectional study was carried out in the Qurayyat region of Saudi Arabia. The retrospective medical records were searched from 2015–2020 of patients diagnosed with Bell’s palsy at Qurayyat General Hospital and King Fahad hospital. A 28-item questionnaire was developed by a team of experts and pre-tested among patients with Bell’s palsy before being sent to the eligible participants. The data were analyzed using summary statistics, Chi-square test, Fisher exact test and Likelihood ratio test.

Results
We identified 279 cases of Bell’s palsy from the medical records of the hospitals from the years 2015 to 2020, accounting for 46.5 cases per year and an incidence rate of 25.7 per 100,000 per year. Out of 279 patients with Bell’s palsy, only 171 returned the questionnaire accounting for a response rate of 61.2%. Out of 171 patients with Bell’s palsy, females (n = 147, 86.0%) accounted for the majority of cases. The most affected age group among participants with Bell’s palsy was 21–30 years (n = 76, 44.4%). There were 153 (89.5%) cases who reported Bell’s palsy for the first time. The majority of the participants experienced right-sided facial paralysis (n = 96, 56.1%). Likelihood ratio test revealed significant relationship between exposure to cold air and common cold with age groups (χ2(6, N = 171) = 14.92, p = 0.021), χ2(6, N = 171) = 16.35, pp = 0.012 respectively. The post hoc analyses revealed that participants in the age group of 20–31-years were mostly affected due to exposure to cold air and common cold than the other age groups. The main therapeutic approach preferred was physiotherapy (n = 149, 87.1%), followed by corticosteroids and antivirals medications (n = 61, 35.7%), acupressure (n = 35, 20.5%), traditional Saudi herb medicine (n = 32, 18.7%), cauterization by hot iron rod (n = 23, 13.5%), supplementary therapy (n = 2, 1.2%), facial cosmetic surgery (n = 1, 0.6%) and no treatment (n = 1, 0.6%). The most preferred combined therapy was physiotherapy (87.6%) with corticosteroid and antiviral drugs (35.9%), and acupressure (17.6%).

Conclusion
The rate of Bell’s palsy was approximately 25.7 per 100,000 per year in the Qurayyat region of Saudi Arabia. Exposure to cold air and common cold were the significant risk factors associated with Bell’s palsy. Females were predominantly affected by Bell’s palsy in the Qurayyat region of Saudi Arabia. Bell’s palsy most commonly occurred in the age group 21–30 years. The most favored treatment was physiotherapy following Bell’s palsy.
Outcomes After Treatment With Cobimetinib in Patients With Rosai-Dorfman Disease Based on KRAS and MEK Alteration Status
Authors: Abeykoon Jithma P. , Rech Karen L. , Young Jason R. , Ravindran Aishwarya , Ruan Gordon J. , Dasari Surendra , Morlote Diana M. , King Rebecca L. , Rummage Claire , Zanwar Saurabh , Acosta-Medina Aldo M. , Tobin W. Oliver , Shah Mithun V. , Bennani N. Nora , Vassallo Robert , Ryu Jay H. , Koster Matthew J. , Davidge-Pitts Caroline J. , Witzig Thomas E. , Goyal Gaurav , Go Ronald S. ,   Mayo Clinic–University of Alabama at Birmingham Histiocytosis Working Group
Published: October 2022

ImportanceRosai-Dorfman disease (RDD) is a rare histiocytic neoplasm with recent studies showing alterations in the MAPK pathway, most commonly in the KRAS and MEK genes in about 40% of patients. Reports on the use of MEK-inhibitor therapy in RDD have been limited to small case studies. There are no approved treatments for this neoplasm, and therefore patients with RDD need efficacious treatments.ObjectiveTo study the outcomes after treatment with cobimetinib based on MAPK pathway alterations in patients with RDD.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis retrospective cohort study conducted at 2 tertiary care centers included patients with RDD who underwent treatment with cobimetinib between January 1, 2013, and December 1, 2021. Cobimetinib was administered at a dosage of 20 to 60 mg orally once daily as a single agent for 21 days in a 28-day cycle. Pathology was centrally reviewed. Response assessment was centrally conducted and was based on the established positron emission radiography response criteria used for clinical trials of targeted therapies in histiocytosis.Main Outcomes and MeasuresMain outcomes were overall response rate (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS), adverse events (AEs) of cobimetinib in the entire cohort, and ORRs and PFS based on MAPK pathway alterations in patients with RDD.ResultsA total of 16 patients (median [range] age at cobimetinib initiation, 57 [31-74] years; 11 [69%] women) were included in the study. The median follow-up duration was 19.0 months (95% CI, 8.4-27.8 months). The ORR was 63% (n = 10), including 5 complete responses and 5 partial responses. Somatic alterations in the KRAS or MEK genes were detected in 8 (50%) patients. Patients with KRAS or MEK alterations had significantly higher ORR (88% vs 38%; P = .03), deeper responses (complete responses among responders: 71% vs 0%; P = .002), and better PFS (at 1 year, 100% vs 29% were free from progression or death, respectively; P &amp;lt; .001) compared with those without such alterations. Grade 2 or higher AEs occurred in 12 (75%) patients, and 9 (56%) required dose reduction or temporary/permanent treatment discontinuation due to AEs.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cohort study, treatment with cobimetinib was associated with positive outcomes in KRAS- or MEK-variant RDD. However, AEs requiring dose modifications were common.
Assessment of BMI and Venous Thromboembolism Rates in Patients on Standard Chemoprophylaxis Regimens After Undergoing Free Tissue Transfer to the Head and Neck
Authors: Saadoun Rakan , Bengur Fuat Baris , Moroni Elizabeth A. , Surucu Yusuf , Veit Johannes A. , Khan Nayel I. , Daniels Kelly , Rothenberger Scott D. , Kubik Mark , Solari Mario G. , Sridharan Shaum 
Published: October 2022

ImportanceVenous thromboembolism (VTE) is a severe complication after free tissue transfer to the head and neck (H&amp;amp;N). Enoxaparin 30 mg twice daily (BID) is a common regimen for chemoprophylaxis. However, differences in enoxaparin metabolism based on body weight may influence its efficacy and safety profile.ObjectiveTo assess the association between BMI and postoperative VTE and hematoma rates in patients treated with prophylactic enoxaparin 30 mg BID.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis was a retrospective review of a prospectively collected cohort from 2012 to 2022. Postoperative VTE, hematoma, and free flap pedicle thrombosis were recorded within 30 days of index surgery. The setting was a tertiary academic referral center. Participants included patients undergoing H&amp;amp;N reconstruction with free flaps that received fixed-dose subcutaneous enoxaparin 30 mg BID postoperatively. Statistical analysis was conducted from April to May 2022.Main Outcomes and MeasuresOutcomes include incidence of VTE, hematoma, and flap pedicle thrombosis events within 30 days of the surgery. Univariate and multivariable regression models were used to evaluate associations between BMI and other patient factors with these outcomes.ResultsAmong the 765 patients included, 262 (34.24%) were female; mean (SD) age was 60.85 (12.64) years; and mean (SD) BMI was 26.36 (6.29). The rates of VTE and hematoma in the cohort were 3.92% (30 patients) and 5.09% (39 patients), respectively. After adjusting for patient factors, BMI was the only factor associated with VTE (OR, 1.07; 95% CI, 1.015-1.129). Obesity (BMI &amp;gt;30) was associated with increased odds of VTE (OR, 2.782; 95% CI, 1.197-6.564). Hematoma was not associated with BMI (OR, 0.988; 95% CI, 0.937-1.041). Caprini score of at least 9 was not associated with VTE (OR, 1.259; 95% CI, 0.428-3.701).Conclusions and RelevanceThis cohort study found that obesity was associated with an increased risk of VTE in patients after microvascular H&amp;amp;N reconstruction and while on standard postoperative chemoprophylaxis regimens. This association may suggest insufficient VTE prophylaxis in this group and a potential indication for weight-based dosing.
Association of Apnea vs Hypopnea Predominance With Pediatric Sleep Apnea Outcomes
Authors: Kukkala Saadhana , Vazifedan Turaj , Baldassari Cristina M. 
Published: October 2022

ImportanceChildren with apnea-predominant obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are hypothesized to have a more severe form of the disease. However, research is lacking as to whether there is a significant difference in outcomes between children with apnea-predominant vs hypopnea-predominant OSA.ObjectiveTo assess the association between baseline apnea-predominant or hypopnea-predominant OSA on polysomnography and quality of life (QOL) outcomes in children with obstructive sleep apnea managed by watchful waiting with supportive care (WWSC) or adenotonsillectomy (AT).Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis case-control study is a secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial, the Childhood Adenotonsillectomy Trial, which was conducted at multiple tertiary children’s hospitals from October 2007 to June 2012. Children aged 5.0 to 9.9 years with OSA were randomized to WWSC or AT and underwent polysomnography and completed validated QOL and symptom assessments at baseline and 7 months. The current data analysis was performed from October 2020 to February 2022.Main Outcomes and MeasuresApnea-predominant OSA was defined as an apnea hypopnea index (AHI) greater than 2 with more than 50% of the obstructive events being apneas. Patients were considered to have hypopnea-predominant OSA if they had an AHI greater than 2 and more than 50% of the obstructive events were hypopneas.ResultsA total of 386 children (185 boys [48%]; mean [SD] age, 6.56 [1.4] years) were analyzed. The mean (SD) obstructive AHI for patients was 6.98 (5.62), with 198 patients (51%) having mild disease. Thirty-seven children (10%) had apnea-predominant OSA at baseline. Black children were at increased risk for apnea-predominant OSA vs White children (odds ratio [OR], 13.40; 95% CI, 5.70-33.90). Children with apnea predominance were more likely to have severe OSA (AHI &amp;gt;10) compared with children with hypopnea predominance (OR, 2.30; 95% CI, 1.03-5.03); baseline Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire and OSA-18 QOL scores were similar between the 2 groups. Among children undergoing AT, those with baseline apnea predominance were more likely to have a Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire score greater than 0.33 at follow-up (OR, 3.30; 95% CI, 1.01-10.80). Rates of OSA resolution and improvements in QOL scores following AT or WWSC were similar between the apnea-predominant and hypopnea-predominant groups.Conclusions and RelevanceIn children with OSA, apnea-predominant disease is uncommon. Apnea predominance was not associated with symptom resolution and cure rates in children undergoing AT or WWSC for OSA. Further research is needed to assess how apnea predominance affects AT outcomes in children with more severe disease.
Assessment of CBCT–based synthetic CT generation accuracy for adaptive radiotherapy planning
Authors: O'Hara Christopher J. , Bird David , Al‐Qaisieh Bashar , Speight Richard 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPurposeCone‐beam CT (CBCT)–based synthetic CT (sCT) dose calculation has the potential to make the adaptive radiotherapy (ART) pathway more efficient while removing subjectivity. This study assessed four sCT generation methods using 15 head‐and‐neck rescanned ART patients. Each patient's planning CT (pCT), rescan CT (rCT), and CBCT post‐rCT was acquired with the CBCT deformably registered to the rCT (dCBCT).MethodsThe four methods investigated were as follows: method 1—deformably registering the pCT to the dCBCT. Method 2—assigning six mass density values to the dCBCT. Method 3—iteratively removing artifacts and correcting the dCBCT Hounsfield units (HU). Method 4—using a cycle general adversarial network machine learning model (trained with 45 paired pCT and CBCT). Treatment plans were created on the rCT and recalculated on each sCT. Planning target volume (PTV) and organ‐at‐risk (OAR) structures were contoured by clinicians on the rCT (high‐dose PTV, low‐dose PTV, spinal canal, larynx, brainstem, and parotids) to allow the assessment of dose–volume histogram statistics at clinically relevant points.ResultsThe HU mean absolute error (MAE) and minimum dose gamma index pass rate (2%/2 mm) were calculated, and the generation time was measured for 15 patients using the rCT as the comparator. For methods 1–4 the MAE, gamma index analysis, and generation time were as follows: 59.7 HU, 100.0%, and 143 s; 164.2 HU, 95.2%, and 232 s; 75.7 HU, 99.9%, and 153 s; and 79.4 HU, 99.8%, and 112 s, respectively. Dose differences for PTVs and OARs were all <0.3 Gy except for method 2 (<0.5 Gy).ConclusionAll methods were considered clinically viable. The machine learning method was found to be most suitable for clinical implementation due to its high dosimetric accuracy and short generation time. Further investigation is required for larger anatomical changes between the CBCT and pCT and for other anatomical sites.
Shining Transparent Displays with Stable Narrow‐Band Blue‐Emitting Phosphor in Layered Film
Authors: Zhou Weijie , Ou Yiyi , Huang Lin , Song Enhai , Ma Fengkai , Xia Zhiguo , Liang Hongbin , Zhang Qinyuan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractTransparent displays (TDs) rendering “levitating” images on screen have appeared as an emerging technology toward augmented/mixed reality applications. However, the traditional phosphor design and screen construction have severely limited the TD performance owing to the lack of efficient narrow‐band blue emitters and stable screen structure. Herein, the novel narrow‐band (full width at half maximum: 32 nm) NaLi3SiO4:Eu2+ phosphor with a peak at 467 nm as a key blue emitter is explored, and it is sandwiched in layered film as a unique screen design. The devised screen features decent transparency, high emission color purity, and good reliability, and the TD prototype renders “floating” static images and vivid animation with broad viewing angle (15°–165°) and large color gamut (97% of National Television Standards Committee). Spectroscopic and microstructural characterizations reveal the TD superior performance originates from synergistic contributions of moderate crystal field effect (εc ≈ 1.13 eV; εcfs ≈ 1.60 eV), weak vibronic coupling (S ≈ 3; ħω ≈ 285 cm−1), and limited thermal ionization of 5d electrons (Ea ≈ 0.43 eV) for NaLi3SiO4:Eu2+ emission and layered architecture for screen film. These findings establish fundamental guidelines for narrow‐band emitting materials design and shine light on superior TD innovative development.