bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Superior oblique tuck - effectiveness in reducing vertical deviations when performed as a primary versus secondary procedure in superior oblique paresis
Authors: Malem Andrew , Somner John , Novitskya Elana , Vivian Anthony 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Purpose

To quantify the effectiveness of superior oblique tuck (SOT) surgery in patients with a hyperdeviation secondary to superior oblique paresis (SOP). Surgical outcomes were compared in patients undergoing SOT surgery as a primary procedure with those who had previously undergone ipsilateral inferior oblique weakening surgery.

Methods

This retrospective study assessed surgical outcomes from all patients undergoing SOT surgery for SOP between 2012 and 2021 across 2 hospitals. The effectiveness of SOT surgery in reducing the hyperdeviation was assessed in the primary position (PP) and in contralateral elevation and depression. Results were compared between those undergoing primary SOT surgery with those who had previously undergone ipsilateral inferior oblique weakening surgery.

Results

A total of 60 SOT procedures were performed between 2012 and 2021. 7 were removed due to incomplete data. The remaining 53 cases experienced a mean reduction in hyperdeviation of 6.5 prism dioptres (PD), 6.7PD and 12.0PD in the PP, contralateral elevation and contralateral depression respectively. In eyes with previous IO weakening, the reduction of hyperdeviation was larger than in those eyes with no previous IO weakening surgery, with mean reductions of 8.0PD vs 5.2PD, 7.4PD vs 6.2PD and 12.4PD vs 11.6PD in the PP, contralateral elevation and contralateral depression respectively.

Conclusion

SOT surgery is a safe and effective procedure with high patient satisfaction and resolution of symptoms in those patients with troublesome diplopia in downgaze secondary to SOP. This is true in both unoperated eyes and in those who have previously undergone inferior oblique weakening surgery.
A Prospective Study Comparing the Functional Outcome of Bipolar Hemiarthroplasty versus Total Hip Replacement in Elderly Patients with Fracture Neck of Femur.
Authors: Chatterji Gautam , Shukla Sourav , Singhania Suyash , Singh Mayank Pratap , Mohanty Siddhartha , Jaiswal Atin , Mishra Digvijay 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background: Displaced fractures of neck of femur in elderly patients usually require surgical intervention, either with bipolar hemiarthroplasty (BHA) or total hip replacement (THR). However, there is still controversy regarding the optimal prosthesis. The present study was performed to compare the functional outcome of BHA versus THR in elderly patients with displaced fracture neck of femur.
Materials and Methods: This prospective study was done between December 2019 and December 2021. This study included 40 patients with displaced fracture neck of femur. All patients were more than 60 years of age. The patients were randomly allocated to be treated with either a BHA or THR. Functional assessment was done using Harris Hip Score at 1 month, 3 months, 6 months and 1 year post-operatively.
Results: In our study at all follow-ups, Harris Hip Score was found to be more in patients of the THR group than in the BHA group. In the BHA group, the mean Harris Hip Score was 59.95, 66.25, 68.80 and 75.70, while in the THR group, the mean Harris Hip Scores was 65.06, 69.40 72.50 and 78.19 at the follow-up visits at 1 month, 3 months, 6 months and 1 year respectively.
Conclusion: THR is a better option as compared to BHA in the management of elderly patients with fracture neck of femur, on account of less complication rates and higher Harris Hip Scores.
Effects of different light qualities and plant growth regulators on the growth and secondary metabolites contents of L. macranthoides seedlings
Authors: Wu Peiyin , Wang Guiyuan , Cao Zhengyan , Liu Yanni , Xia Ning , Wang Qiyao , Si Shuo , Shen Xinlong , Yao Yingge , Tang Ning , Xu Feng , Chen Zexiong 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Lonicera macranthoides, a medicinal herb mainly distributed in South China, is widely utilized in Chinese traditional medicines for its high yield and strong pharmacological properties rich in phenolic acids and flavonoids. However, the factors regulating plant growth and secondary metabolism in L. macranthoides are still largely unknown. In this study, the effects of different light qualities and hormone combinations on seedlings growth performance and metabolites production were investigated. The results showed that plants under red light produced greatest biomass of the shoots and roots, and also promoted plant photosynthesis as indicated by significantly greater values for Pn, Gs, Ci, and Tr, followed by white and blue LED. The tissue culture seedlings exhibited maximum plant height and stem diameter on the medium with 1.0mg/L 6-benzyladenine (BA) + 1.0mg/L Indole 3-butyric acid (IBA), while produced the highest amounts of phenolic acids and flavonoids in medium containing 2.0mg/L BA + 0.2mg/L IBA. Red light dramatically enhanced the accumulation of chlorogenic acid (CGA), ferulic acid, luteoloside, and rutin than those under other light spectra conditions on the medium with low level of auxin. However, higher levels of auxin dramatically inhibited the CGA production under red light. Moreover, blue light can promote the accumulation of chlorogenic acid and luteoloside on these two media. The results indicate that the plant growth and secondary metabolism were dramatically influenced by light quality and auxin/cytokinin combinations. Light and auxin signaling crosstalk programmed secondary metabolites accumulation. Our findings provide effective strategies aiming to enhance biomass yield and bioactive compounds production in L. macranthoides.
Mitigation of nitrogen inputs causes native Phragmites australis recovery following Spartina alterniflora invasion
Authors: Xu Xiao , Li Songshuo , Zhang Yan , Zhang Xi , He Qiang , Liu Hao , Guo Haiqiang , Ma Jun , Wu Jihua , Li Bo , Nie Ming 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPlant invasions driven by global environmental change increasingly threaten natural ecosystems. Whether reducing nitrogen (N) input can help mitigate plant invasions remainsunclear. We used ongoing N reductions in the Yangtze River to explore how N reductions affect native community recovery in estuarine marshes degraded by plant invasions. Using Google Earth images, we mapped nativePhragmites australispatches and assessed changes in theirabundance inSpartina alterniflora-invaded marshes, showing thatP. australisgradually recovered following reduced N input. To identify the underlying mechanisms, we transplanted N-fertilized and unfertilizedS. alterniflorapopulations into plots with ambient and enriched N conditions and co-planted them withP. australis, respectively;the competitive advantage ofS. alternifloraoverP. australisdecreased with N reductions, regardless of fertilized population history, shifting the marsh fromP. australisexclusion to species coexistence. Thus, nutrient reductions can shift ecosystems from being susceptible to invasion to successional recovery, offering an effective strategyfor mitigating plant invasions and facilitating landscape-scale native community recovery.
Effects of Medicare Part D medication therapy management on racial/ethnic disparities in adherence to antidementia medications among patients with Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias: An observational study
Authors: Dong Xiaobei , Tsang Chi Chun Steve , Wan Jim Y. , Chisholm-Burns Marie A. , Finch Christopher K. , Tsao Jack W. , Browning Jamie A. , Garuccio Joseph , Zeng Rose , Wang Junling 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Evidence is sparse on the effects of Medicare medication therapy management on racial/ethnic disparities in medication adherence among patients with Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias. The objective of this study was to examine the Medicare medication therapy management program’s effects on racial/ethnic disparities in the adherence to antidementia medications among patients with Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias.
Methods
This is a retrospective analysis of 2016 and 2017 Medicare Parts A, B, and D data linked to Area Health Resources Files. The study outcome was nonadherence to antidementia medications, and intervention was defined as new medication therapy management enrollment in 2017. Propensity score matching was conducted to create intervention and comparison groups with comparable characteristics. A difference-in-differences model was employed with a logistic regression, including interaction terms of dummy variables for the intervention group and racial/ethnic minorities.
Results
Unadjusted comparisons revealed that Black, Hispanic, and Asian/Pacific Islander (Asian) patients were more likely to be nonadherent than non-Hispanic White (White) patients in 2016. Differences in odds of nonadherence between Black and White patients were lower in 2017 than in 2016 by 27% (odds ratios [OR]: 0.73, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.65–0.82). The same difference was also lower between Hispanic and White patients by 26% (OR: 0.74, 95% CI: 0.63–0.87). The MTM enrollment was associated with reduced disparities for Black-White patients of 33% (OR: 0.67, 95% CI: 0.57–0.78) and Hispanic-White patients of 19% (OR: 0.81, 95% CI: 0.67–0.99).
Conclusions
Medicare medication therapy management program was associated with lower disparities between Black and Hispanic patients with Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias than their White counterparts. Expanding the medication therapy management program may particularly benefit racial/ethnic minorities in Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias care.
CEO’s international education experience and hospital performance：empirical evidence in China
Authors: Xiaoyu Li , Ma Chengyu , Hu Nan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background –Previous researches have recognized the importance of hospital CEO’s tenure, age, gender for health system, whether and how CEOs’ international education experience(IEE) benefit the hospitals’ performance has been relatively unexplored. This study proposes to investigate the effect of CEOs’ IEE on hospital performance. We hypothesize that IEE improves individuals’ cognitive ability and enhances their professional knowledge, which is essential in hospital management.
Methods - We test these relationships using 393 hospital-year from 2009 to 2017. Our study relies on both archival (e.g., Health Statistics Yearbook of Municipal Commission of Health) and hand-collected (e.g., CEO characteristics) data. Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression models are used to estimate the relationship between hospital CEOs’ IEE and hospital performance. Propensity scores match (PSM) is used to address the potential endogeneity issues.
Results - We find a positive association between CEO’s IEE and hospital performance. However, due to the differences in philosophy and treatment methods between Western medicine and traditional medicine, the benefits of CEOs with IEE are less pronounced for TCM hospitals.
Conclusions -Since CEOs with IEE has considerable advantages in hospital management, we suggest that hospitals can encourage talent exchanges and construct diversified manager teams. To our best knowledge, we are the first to document a positive relationship between a hospital CEO’s IEE and hospital performance. Our finding enriches the research of hospital performance and extends the Upper Echelon Theory into the domain of hospital performance.
Are patients with preoperative synovitis suitable for unicompartmental knee arthroplasty? Magnetic resonance imaging evidence from a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Wang Zhengxi , Zhang Xudong , Zhang Xianzuo , Zhu Chen , Wang Jiaxing 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background: The use of unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) in patients with preoperative synovitis is controversial. This study aimed to investigate the association between synovitis detected by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and prognosis after UKA.
Methods:Synovitis was graded using the MRI Osteoarthritis Knee Score criteria based on preoperative MRI findings of 132 UKAs performed between June 2020 and August 2021. The Knee Society Knee Score (KS-KS) and the Knee Society Function Score were collected preoperatively and 1 year postoperatively. The relationship between synovitis and the changes in the Knee Society score was analyzed using logistic regression.
Results:Univariate logistic regression showed that patients with higher preoperative synovitis scores (odds ratio (OR)=1.925, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.482–2.500, P<0.001) had higher KS-KS improvement. After adjusting for confounding variables, synovitis was proven to be an independent factor for pain improvement after UKA in multivariate logistic regression (OR=1.814, 95% CI: 1.354–2.430, P<0.001).
Conclusions: Preoperative synovitis does not impair the therapeutic effects of UKA in patients with medial compartmental knee osteoarthritis. Conversely, UKA might be suitable for patients with severe synovitis.
Screening and identification of potato StSPS1, a potential crucial gene regulating seed potato vigor
Authors: Cai Chengcheng , Liu Shifeng , Liu Jie , Ran Shuang , Wen He , Li Luopin , Yu Liping , Pang Linjiang , Wang Xiyao 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Backrounds
Sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS), as a vital rate-limiting enzyme catalyzing the synthesis of sucrose precursors, plays an indispensable role in the regulation of seed potato vigor. However, the genes encoding SPS in potato have not been fully analyzed, and the main genes affecting seed potato vigor have not been screened and identified.
Methods and results
In this study, four members of the StSPS family were identified with the potato genome database by homologous gene and conserved domain comparison. Using bioinformatics, the physicochemical properties, subcellular localization, sequence structure, conserved motifs and phylogeny of StSPS were analyzed. The expression levels of StSPS in different potato tissues and from dormancy to sprouting in seed potato were measured using qRT-PCR. The expression data from the potato genome database and previous transcriptome and proteome studies of dormancy to sprouting were compared. Combined with the analysis of SPS enzyme activity in different tuber tissues, the main gene StSPS1 that may regulate seed potato vigor was screened. Moreover, the StSPS1 gene and protein were identified by sequence amplification and prokaryotic expression.
Conclusion
There are four SPS members in potato, and StSPS1 has been proved to be the main gene encoding sucrose phosphate synthase and regulating the change of seed potato vigor. This study laid a theoretical and experimental foundation for further verifying and clarifying the regulatory function of StSPS1 in the change in seed potato vigor.
A perspective on human leishmaniasis and new methods with therapeutic strategies for prevention, diagnosis, and treatment
Authors: Abbasi Ebrahim , Saeedi Shahin 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Human leishmaniasis is a complex skin infection that imposes a heavy burden on many tropical and subtropical developing countries and is caused by over 20 species of Leishmaniaparasite and they are transmitted by several sandfly species. The disease is mainly associated with disfiguring scars and major social stigma during infection. Disease severity appears to depend on many factors, including parasite species, host, endemic area, socioeconomic status, and access to health facilities. Despite the many studies that have been conducted on current and new treatments, the treatment outcomes of leishmaniasis remain controversial, possibly because of the knowledge gaps that still exist.
Varying responses to current leishmania treatments have become a major drawback in disease control. The lack of information on critical analyses of the results of such studies is a barrier to overall understanding. Based on the currently available literature on treatment outcomes, we discuss the most effective doses, drug susceptibilities/resistances, and treatment failures of Leishmania for monotherapy and combination therapy. This review focuses on the available therapies for leishmaniasis caused by different Leishmania species, with insights into their species-specific efficacy, which will inform the selection of drugs for the treatment and control of leishmaniasis. For this aim, the search was conducted in electronic databases of PubMed, Scopus, web of sciences and Google scholar. The specific search medical subject headings (MeSH) terms include “leishmaniasis,” “leishmaniasis Prevention,” “cutaneous leishmaniasis,” “Leishmaniasis Diagnosis”, “Leishmaniasis Treatment”, “Leishmaniasis Drug”, “Leishmaniasis Parasite”, “Leishmaniasis Cutaneous”, “Rural leishmaniasis”, “Urban leishmaniasis”, “Dry leishmaniasis”, “Wet leishmaniasis”, “Human leishmaniasis”, “Leishmania donovani”, “Leishmaniasis trials”, “leishmaniasis vectors”, “leishmaniasis reservoirs” were conducted and articles with English titles and abstracts were screened and selected, and finally related full-text articles were studied and used in writing a review article.
Sequence Analysis and Biochemical Characterization of Two Non-specific Lipid Transfer Proteins from Tartary Buckwheat Seeds
Authors: Cui Xiaodong , Tian Wenhua , Wang Wenhua , Li Jiao , Wang Zhuanhua , Li Chen 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Plant non-specific lipid transfer proteins (nsLTPs) exert various biological activities that are valuable for agronomy, industrial manufacturing, and medicine. In this study, two nsLTPs derived from Tartary buckwheat, namely FtLTP1a and FtLTP1b, were produced by gene cloning, expression and purification. Sequence analysis and biochemical characteristics of the proteins, including lipid binding ability, α-amylase inhibition activity, antifungal activity, and allergenic activity, were investigated. Both FtLTP1a and FtLTP1b exhibited similar lipid binding and antifungal properties, but only FtLTP1b showed weak inhibitory activity against α-amylase from the porcine pancreas. Finally, the binding ability of the two protein to IgE antibodies in serum samples from nine patients allergic to buckwheat was assayed using ELISA to investigate their allergenic activity. The data suggested that FtLTP1b not only specifically bound to IgE in serum but also cross-reacted with artemisia pollen allergen (W6). These findings can give constructive suggestions for understanding of cross-reactivity and specificity of nsLTPs.
Evaluation of carotid intima media thickness in children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome
Authors: Kamel Ashraf Sayed , AlGhawass Mohamed Mohamed Ezzat , Sayed Muhammad Adel , Roby Sara Aly 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background: Nephrotic syndrome is the one of the commonest renal disorders in children. Children with nephrotic syndrome (NS) are at a high risk of atherosclerosis due to hyperlipidemia, hypertension. Carotid intima media thickness (CIMT) is a surrogate marker for atherosclerosis. This study aimed to evaluate the carotid intima media thickness in children with nephrotic syndrome and its relation to different risk factors.
Methods: This is an observational case control study that included forty children with nephrotic syndrome and thirty healthy children as controls. The inclusion criteria were: age of 2 years or more with disease duration of minimum of 1 year and glomerular filtration rate >90mL/min/1.73m2. CIMT was assessed by ultrasound. Lipid profile, protein/creatinine ratio in urine and kidney function tests were done.
Results: The mean CIMT (mm) was significantly higher in patients with NS (0.477± 0.04) compared to controls (0.39± 0.03) (P <0.001) even when compared across different age groups. 60% of patients had received non-steroid immunosuppressive therapy. CIMT was significantly higher in patients receiving non-steroid immunosuppressive therapy than those receiving steroids alone. Subsequently, CIMT had significant positive correlation to duration of the disease (p= 0.05), body mass index (BMI) (p=0.03), number of relapses (p=0.01) and diastolic blood pressures (p=0.003).
Conclusion: Children with NS had significantly higher CIMT than control group. CIMT was positively correlated to disease duration, number of relapses and BMI. It was significantly higher among patients receiving non-steroid immunosuppressive therapy than those receiving steroids alone.
Use of a two-handed model to improve comprehension of the ventricular outflow tract anatomy
Authors: XUE Xiang , Luo Xianyuan , Liu Zhaoyang , Jin Yun 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackground Mastering cardiac anatomy is a formidable obstacle in the learning process for cardiac electrophysiology trainees. The complex three-dimensional characteristics and contiguous relationship of the ventricular outflow tract are particularly difficult to visualize with the limited study methods available. The hands can recreate a morphology similar to the ventricular outflow tract; this study explored whether a two-handed model of the heart helps electrophysiology trainees improve their understanding of the ventricular outflow tract anatomy. Methods After an initial assessment, trainees were randomly placed into variable and control groups. Subsequently, all trainees learned the outflow tract anatomy using routine methods, with the variable group additionally receiving instruction using the two-handed model. One day and one week after the course conclusion, knowledge of the ventricular outflow tract anatomy was assessed for the participants of both groups. Results Thirty-eight trainees participated in total (19 in each group). Mean scores obtained for the first, second, and third tests were 37.6 ± 16.1, 78.7 ± 13.0, and 75.9 ± 10.3 points, respectively. In the second test, trainees in the variable group had a mean score 6.8 points higher than those in the control group (p = 0.106); in the last test, the mean score was 9.7 points higher in the variable group than in the control group (p = 0.002). Conclusions It is convenient to use hands to create a model representing the ventricular outflow tract. Trainees taught using this model had a better understanding and retention of the ventricular outflow tract anatomy compared to those of the control group.
Can radiotherapy improve the long-term survival of rectal cancer patients with perineural invasion?
Authors: Wu Junxin , Wang Lei , Pan Xinying , Zhan Qingzhen , Lai Cheng , Shao Lingdong 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background: Perineural invasion (PNI) is one of the aggressive characteristics of rectal cancer (RC), but there have been none studies evaluating the clinical efficacy of radiotherapy (RT) on rectal cancer with PNI.
Methods: Data on RC patients staged at II/III were extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database from 2010 to 2014 to verify the clinical significance of PNI. The primary outcome wre overall survival (OS) and cancer specific survival (CSS). A nomogram was established to predict the prognosis of PNI patients using SEER database and validated by Fujian Cancer Hospital. Kaplan-Meier curve was conducted to investigate the overall survival (OS) between groups.
Results: 1596 patients receiving direct surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy were eligible for this study, including 288 patients (18.0%) were present with PNI. PNI was found to be independently associated with OS and CSS after adjusting for age, sex, stage, pathological factors, and treatment factors (all p < 0.05). A nomogram was established to predict the prognosis of PNI patients with high C-index, and then validated by 98 patients from FJCH. And then patients in the high-risk subgroup were found to be benefited from adjuvant RT according to the current nomogram (P<0.05), but not those in the low-risk subgroup (P>0.05).
Conclusions: PNI was confirmed to be an independnet prognosis factor of RC patients, and it should also taken into consideration of the postoperative management of RC.