bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mixed gender accommodation: prevalence, trend over time and vulnerability of older adults
Authors: Towns Cindy R. , Rowley Natalie , Woods Lisa 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAdmitting male and female patients to the same room compromises the safety of female patients and violates the rights of all patients. We demonstrate that mixed bedding is common (47.22% of admissions), increasing and disproportionately affects vulnerable older patients in a large New Zealand hospital from 2011 to 2019 (n = 160 048). Eliminating mixed bedding should be a priority for our hospital system.
Self‐efficacy, burnout and academic success in nursing students: A counterfactual mediation analysis
Authors: Bulfone Giampiera , Iovino Paolo , Mazzotta Rocco , Sebastian Michael , Macale Loreana , Sili Alessandro , Vellone Ercole , Alvaro Rosaria 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAimTo test the mediating role of burnout in the relationship between self‐efficacy and academic success in nursing students.DesignThis was a cross‐sectional secondary analysis of longitudinal research aimed at exploring the academic success of nursing students.MethodsWe enrolled a convenience sample of nursing students attending 21 Italian baccalaureate nursing degree programmes. Data were collected from 2014 to the 2018–2019 academic year. We analysed the wave of data collected during the third year of the programme. The measurements were the Academic Nurse Self‐Efficacy scale (ANSEs) and the Scale of Work Burnout (SWEBO). A mediation analysis with a counterfactual approach was performed.ResultsThe participants (n = 556) had a median age of 20 years (IQR 19–22) and the majority was female [70.5% (392/556)]. Academic success was reached by 51.97% (289/556) of the students. The findings reveal a significant direct effect of self‐efficacy on academic success and also a significant indirect effect of this relationship via burnout.ConclusionThe mechanism by which self‐efficacy influences academic performance in nursing students is more complex than a simple direct relationship. Universities should consider screening students for variables affecting academic success to decrease academic costs and increase ranking systems classification.ImpactNurses' professors should be engaged in strategies to promote self‐efficacy. The area of intervention should be structured both during classes and internships, in tandem with the mentor and the clinical nurse.
Diversification and divergence of rainforest woody plants in South India and Madagascar relate to geomorphological history
Authors: Barthelemy Elizabeth , Ranaivosoa Rija Mamitiana Olivier , Zoelinirina Nofy Khristiane , Munoz François 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAimIndian and Malagasy tropical rainforests share a common history that dates back to the fragmentation of Gondwana. We partitioned phylogenetic diversity across historical periods to uncover how such continental displacement led to the divergence of lineages, through vicariance and/or independent migration from other regions, influencing extant phylogenetic composition.LocationMadagascar and South India (Western Ghats).TaxonWoody vascular plants (tracheophytes).MethodsUsing a time‐calibrated megaphylogeny, we partitioned the phylogenetic diversity of Indian and Malagasy tropical rainforest assemblages, across evolutionary periods defined based on milestone events in these regions of geological history. We decomposed the relative proportion of lineages with extant representatives in each area as well as in both areas, to quantify the common and separate biogeographical legacies in the two regions. We identified an excess or deficit of shared and unique lineages for each period and region.ResultsThe proportion of shared lineages between Madagascar and India progressively decreased following the successive breakoff and isolation of Madagascar from the Indian‐Malagasy plate. Lineages unique to India are more numerous than expected at random in more recent time periods, whereas, lineages unique to Madagascar were significantly more present in older time periods.Main conclusionsThe flora of Madagascar harbours a greater number of ancient lineages than does the Western Ghats, consistent with the higher number of endemic families and genera of trees in Madagascar. More recent diversification in India could be related to the collision of India with Eurasia, which enabled subsequent biological interchanges.
Innovation and labor in the port industry: A comparison between Genoa and Antwerp
Authors: Bottalico Andrea , Vanelslander Thierry , Verhoeven Patrick 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWith the advancement of innovation initiatives in the port industry, port labor has fundamentally changed in terms of new tasks, skills required, professional profiles, training, employment relations, work organization, and number of jobs. Current literature often focuses more on the assessment of investments in this particular sector rather than on the evaluation of innovative processes and the interaction with employment issues. In this article, the authors assess the relationship between innovation and employment in the port industry by comparing two distinct case studies—the ports of Antwerp and Genoa—which are characterized by partially common features and different socio‐institutional contexts. Based on qualitative research conducted between 2016 and 2019, the comparative study finds that incremental innovative solutions produce a polarized port labor market in both cases, as previous studies assess. Nevertheless, the findings show that, in the case of Antwerp, a mediated and structured bargaining system interacts positively with employment issues and incremental innovative solutions, while in the case of Genoa, a disarticulated and less structured context reflects a weaker ability to influence virtuously the intertwine between innovation and employment.
Shelf life estimation of glassy confections using moisture sorption isotherms
Authors: Macuglia Spanemberg Flavio E. , Sellitto Miguel Afonso , Mailan Porto Luana , Cruz dos Santos Amanda , Canez Lemos Souza Álex 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis study aimed to develop a mathematical model of moisture diffusion applied to estimate the shelf life of glassy confection. The model was applied and validated on hard candies produced on an industrial scale at temperatures of 20 and 25°C. The results of the predicted and experimental shelf life at 20°C and 75.5% RH were 41 and 39 days respectively. At 25°C and 75.3% RH, it was 24 and 23 days, respectively. The model proved to be reliable for estimating shelf life, with a low percent relative error. At both temperatures, the model proved to be reliable for predicting moisture content as a function of time with R2 values close to the unit and mean percentage absolute error less than 10%. The method is practical and low cost and can be easily reproduced in future studies of stability in the confectionery industry.Practical ApplicationsThe problem of the stickiness of glassy confectionery on the packaging impacts consumer complaints, returns, and environmental impacts. The model applied in this study can be used as a basis for the development of practical and low‐cost methods for estimating expiration dates and shelf life in future studies of stability in the confectionery industry.
The miR166 mediated regulatory module controls plant height by regulating gibberellic acid biosynthesis and catabolism in soybean
Authors: Zhao Chen , Ma Jingjing , Zhang Yaohua , Yang Suxin , Feng Xianzhong , Yan Jun 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous small non‐coding RNAs that play critical roles in regulating plant growth and development. Here, we used Short Tandem Target Mimic (STTM) technology to generate soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) miRNA knockdown lines and identify miRNAs that regulate plant height, a key agronomic trait that affects yield. STTM166 successfully silenced miR166 in soybean and upregulated the expression of miR166 target genes, such as ATHB14‐LIKE. The miR166 knockdown lines (GmSTTM166) displayed a reduced plant height phenotype. Moreover, GmSTTM166 plants contained lower levels of bioactive gibberellic acid (GA3) than wild‐type plants, and application of exogenous GA partially rescued the dwarf phenotype of GmSTTM166. Knockdown of miR166 altered the expression of genes involved in GA biosynthesis and catabolism. Further analysis revealed that ATHB14‐LIKE directly represses transcription of the GA biosynthesis genes GmGA1 and GmGA2, while activating transcription of the GA catabolic gene GIBBERLLIN 2 OXIDASE 2 (GmGA2ox2). Collectively, these results reveal a pivotal role for miR166 in the genetic control of plant height in soybean, thereby providing invaluable insights for molecular breeding to improve soybean yield.
Implant‐Abutment Discrepancy Before and After Acrylic Resin Veneering of Complete‐Arch Titanium Frameworks Manufactured Using Milling and Electron Beam Melting Technologies
Authors: Revilla‐León Marta , Pérez‐López Javier , Barmak Abdul B. , Raigrodski Ariel J. , Rubenstein Jeffrey , Galluci German O. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPurposeTo assess the implant‐abutment discrepancy of complete‐arch frameworks manufactured using milling and additive electron beam melting (EBM) technologies, before and after acrylic resin veneering application.Materials and MethodsA definitive implant cast with six implant replicas was digitized using a laboratory scanner. A software program was used to design an implant‐supported framework which was manufactured using milling (M group) and EBM (EBM group) technologies (n = 10). In the M group, titanium milled specimens were fabricated. In the EBM group, titanium EBM specimens were obtained. A coordinate measurement machine (CMM) was used to assess the implant‐abutment discrepancy at x‐, y‐, and z‐axed between the specimens and the implant‐abutment replicas of the definitive cast. The implant replicas positioned on the lateral incisor positions were not able to be assessed. The 3D gap discrepancy was calculated: . Acrylic resin veneering procedures were finished and the same CMM measurements were completed. Three‐way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test was used to analyze the data (α = 0.05).ResultsThe manufacturing method (df = 1, F = 7.00, p = 0.009) and implant position (df = 3, F = 129.82, p < 0.001) were significant predictors of the x‐axis discrepancy. The veneering procedures (df = 1, F = 21.55, p < 0.001) and implant position (df = 3, F = 95.42, p < 0.001) were significant predictors of the y‐axis discrepancy. The manufacturing method (df = 1, F = 11.79, p = 0.001) was a significant predictor of the z‐axis discrepancy. Lastly, the manufacturing method (df = 1, F = 5.11, p = 0.026), implant position (df = 3, F = 11.36, p < 0.001), and veneering procedures (df = 1, F = 41.56, p < 0.001) were significant predictors of the 3D gap discrepancy in which the manufacturing method explains the 2.37% of variation in the 3D gap discrepancy, the implant position explains the 15.82% of variation in the 3D gap discrepancy, and veneering procedures explain the 19.29% of variation in the 3D gap discrepancy results.ConclusionsThe manufacturing methods, veneering procedures, and implant position influenced the linear implant‐abutment discrepancy. The milled technique tested obtained lower linear implant‐abutment discrepancy compared with the EBM method evaluated. The acrylic resin veneering procedures increased the implant‐abutment discrepancy.
Accuracy of Dental and Industrial 3D Printers
Authors: Anadioti Eva , Kane Brittany , Zhang Yu , Bergler Michael , Mante Francis , Blatz Markus B. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPurposeThis in vitro study evaluated the dimensional accuracy of three 3D printers and one milling machine with their respective polymeric materials using a simplified geometrical model.Materials and methodsA simplified computer‐aided design (CAD) model was created. The test samples were fabricated with three 3D printers: a dental desktop stereolithography (SLA) printer, an industrial SLA printer, and an industrial fused deposition modeling (FDM) printer, as well as a 5‐axis milling machine. One polymer material was used per industrial printer and milling machine while two materials were used with the dental printer for a total of five study groups. Test specimens were then digitized using a laboratory scanner. The virtual outer caliper method was used to measure the linear dimensions of the digitized 3D printed and milled specimens in x‐, y‐, and z‐axes, and compare them to the known values of the CAD model. Data were analyzed with Kruskal‐Wallis one‐way ANOVA on Ranks followed by the Tukey's test.ResultsMilled specimens were not significantly different from the CAD model in any dimension (p > 0.05). All 3D printed specimens were significantly different from the CAD model in all dimensions (p = 0.01), except the dental SLA 3D printer with one of the polymers tested (Bis‐GMA) which was not significantly different in two (x and z) dimensions (p = 0.4 and p = 0.12).ConclusionsThe milling technology tested provided greater dimensional accuracy than the selected 3D printing. Printer, printing technology, and material selection affected the accuracy of the printed model.
Additively Manufactured Surgical Implant Guides: A Review
Authors: Elliott Tom , Hamilton Adam , Griseto Neil , Gallucci German O 
Published: March 2022

AbstractStatic computer assisted implant surgery (s‐CAIS) is an integral part of the digital workflow in implant dentistry and provides the link between the virtual planning environment and surgical field. The accuracy of s‐CAIS is influenced by many cumulative factors including the fit of the template which is related to the manufacturing process. This critical review provides an overview of the current research on additively manufactured surgical implant guides.
School Disengagement, School‐Age Births and High School Graduation: Evidence From Linked Administrative Records
Authors: Heiland Frank , Yunzal‐Butler Cristina , Korenman Sanders 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDFailure to complete secondary education often results from a process of educational disengagement. Studies of teen childbearing and high school completion have not adequately accounted for the role of school disengagement prior to conception and may overestimate causal impacts of teen childbearing.METHODSWe link New York City birth and school records to study a cohort of 22,484 Black and Latina public school students. We measure disengagement with monthly absences from age 12 until the month before conception and identify five preconception attendance trajectories using group‐based trajectory modeling.RESULTSPreconception absenteeism can account for as much as half the deficit in high school completion associated with a teen birth. This finding is robust to statistical approaches, such as school fixed effects and inverse‐probability‐weighted regression adjustment.CONCLUSIONSOur results suggest that programs intending to increase educational attainment among young women should emphasize attendance and engagement, rather than primarily teenage pregnancy prevention.
Effects of variety, early harvest, and germination on pasting properties and cooked grain texture of brown rice
Authors: Chao Sinh , Mitchell Jaquie , Prakash Sangeeta , Bhandari Bhesh , Fukai Shu 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBrown rice is superior to white rice in nutritional value and in the prevention of chronic diseases. However, it is not the preference of consumers and the relative consumption of brown rice is limited due to a number of factors including chewiness and perceived hard texture after cooking. While both early harvested brown rice and germinated brown rice have been shown to contain superior nutritional components, there is limited knowledge on textural properties of these types of brown rice relative to standard brown rice, and how varieties may affect such properties. Thus, the present study examined the effect of variety, early harvest, and germination on those properties of eight rice varieties with contrasting amylose content and known texture in terms of milled rice. Early harvest and germination decreased pasting viscosities and cooked grain hardness. However, their effect on the characteristics of flour and whole grains differed, in which germination had a greater effect on pasting properties, while early harvest on the texture of cooked grains. The softer texture of brown rice, about 32% lower, could be achieved by germination and 46% by harvesting early. There was a good relationship between pasting characteristics, particularly setback and hardness among different varieties in brown rice, germinated brown rice, and also in early harvest brown rice. This is the first time the comparison of texture between the three brown rice types has been reported. The results also provide new options for the selection of desired characteristics for food processing and brown rice consumption.
Pharmacokinetics of orally administered single‐dose ponazuril in cats
Authors: Burlison Catherine , Cox Sherry , Smith Joseph , Stokes Jennifer , Whittemore Jacqueline C. , DeBolt Becky 
Published: March 2022

AbstractCats and kittens in animal shelters and catteries regularly suffer from severe gastrointestinal coccidiosis, which can be fatal, and there are no drugs labeled for feline coccidiosis in the United States. Ponazuril, a triazine‐class drug, is increasingly used at a dose of 50 mg/kg/d, orally, for three to five days in shelter environments for coccidiosis. A single oral dose of ponazuril paste 15% (Marquis®; Merial) at 50 mg/kg was administered to six healthy adult cats. Sample analysis was completed via high‐performance liquid chromatography. Plasma concentrations peaked at 7.49 ± 2.06 µg/ml at 14.67 ± 7.45 hr post‐administration. This study shows that ponazuril achieved a plasma concentration that inhibits growth of similar organisms after a single oral dose in cats. Further studies are necessary to optimize dosing for the treatment of clinical coccidiosis in cats.
The genetic basis of variation in sexual aggression: Evolution versus social plasticity
Authors: Scott Andrew M. , Yan Janice L. , Baxter Carling M. , Dworkin Ian , Dukas Reuven 
Published: March 2022

AbstractMale sexual aggression towards females is a form of sexual conflict that can result in increased fitness for males through forced copulations (FCs) or coercive matings at the cost of female lifetime fitness. We used male fruit flies (Drosophila melanogaster) as a model system to uncover the genomic contributions to variation in FC, both due to standing variation in a wild population, and due to plastic changes associated with variation in social experience. We used RNAseq to analyse whole‐transcriptome differential expression (DE) in male head tissue associated with evolved changes in FC from lineages previously selected for high and low FC rate and in male flies with varying FC rates due to social experience. We identified hundreds of genes associated with evolved and plastic variation in FC, however only a small proportion (27 genes) showed consistent DE due to both modes of variation. We confirmed this trend of low concordance in gene expression effects across broader sets of genes significant in either the evolved or plastic analyses using multivariate approaches. The gene ontology terms neuropeptide hormone activity and serotonin receptor activity were significantly enriched in the set of significant genes. Of seven genes chosen for RNAi knockdown validation tests, knockdown of four genes showed the expected effect on FC behaviours. Taken together, our results provide important information about the apparently independent genetic architectures that underlie natural variation in sexual aggression due to evolution and plasticity.
‘You Won’t Find Religion Here’: The (In)Visibility of Muslim Responses to Situations of Mass Displacement
Authors: Zaman Tahir 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis article considers why despite mass displacement significantly affecting people from Muslim majority countries, Islamic understandings of refuge, protection and assistance remain de‐centered and made peripheral in formulations of asylum and refuge. The paper begins with an interrogation of how knowledge production on Muslim life‐worlds a priori gives emphasis to certain essential characteristics identified as Muslim. It is argued that this collapses understandings of the diversity of being and ‘doing’ Muslim in ways that make less visible everyday lived experiences attuned to the materiality, affect and emotion prompted by readings of Islamic tradition in displacement settings. To do so, I draw on Syrian experiences of displacement in Turkey and Greece to parse out the implications of this (in)visibility for Muslim responses to mass‐displacement and question whether they can be substantively different to modalities of humanitarianism and development anchored in liberal European ontologies. It is argued that by being attentive to the structures of feeling prompted by Islamic traditions pertaining to refuge and protection reveals ways of being and doing Islam outside of statist readings of humanitarianism. Here, the Islamic tradition of jiwār (a right of and to neighbourliness) provides a decolonial vocabulary to respond to state‐defined patterns of hospitality rooted in European knowledge production.
Da‘wa as Development: Kuwaiti Islamic Charity in East and West Africa
Authors: Leichtman Mara A. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDirect Aid (formerly Africa Muslims Agency), Kuwait's largest charity focused on Africa, carefully mediates between Gulf donor wishes, aid recipient needs, Kuwaiti and African government regulations, and various development priorities. Since the 1980s, Direct Aid has been centralizing religious and development work in complexes that comprise orphanages, schools, clinics, and mosques – a distinctly Kuwaiti model that aims for self‐sufficient communities. The Islamic NGO cannot be confined to narrow Western categorizations of Gulf Salafi da‘wa (proselytizing) institutions. Direct Aid's approach is strategically grounded in comprehensiveness/“holism,” which serves to blur established categories of “charity,” “relief,” and “development” to become da‘wa‐as‐development. “Good Muslims” are envisioned as those who graduate from the international NGO's educational programs and become moral members of society trained to be productive citizens of their countries. This article examines the work of one transnational Islamic charity headquartered in Kuwait in two very different African countries. A comparison of the similarities and variances of Direct Aid's projects in Tanzania and Senegal highlights how the organization adapts its work to local Muslim‐minority and Muslim‐majority settings. What is the cultural and religious impact of Gulf funding in East and West Africa? How do Kuwait headquarters interact with African beneficiaries?
Mobilizing and Framing Construction Jihād and Islamic Development in Revolutionary Iran
Authors: Lob Eric 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBased on extensive fieldwork and original research in Iran, this article examines the establishment and evolution of the Islamic Republic's rural reconstruction and development organization, Construction Jihād (CJ), during the Iranian Revolution and the Iran‐Iraq War. By invoking populist and pious concepts, newly ascendant religiopolitical elites facilitated CJ's mobilization and expansion to gain support from rural residents and to consolidate power against political opponents. As CJ transitioned from a revolutionary organization to a government ministry, some of its members underwent a motivational and existential transformation that complicated and contradicted their initially anti‐bureaucratic and anti‐materialistic ethos and worldview – a trajectory that paralleled that of other revolutionary and wartime activists and volunteers. This article makes a scholarly contribution by exploring a significant yet understudied Iranian institution, its multifaceted interpretation and conceptualization of non‐military jihād and faith‐based development, and the potential of religion to be a force for both cohesion and contention.