bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Theory Referenced Measurement: Combining Substantive Theory and the Rasch Model
Authors: Stenner A. Jackson 
Published: October 2022

AbstractA construct theory is the story we tell about what it means to move up and down the scale for a variable of interest (e.g., temperature, reading ability, short term memory). Why is it, for example, that items are ordered as they are on the item map? The story evolves as knowledge regarding the construct increases. We call both the process and the product of this evolutionary unfolding "construct definition" (Stenner et al., Journal of Educational Measurement 20:305–316, 1983). Advanced stages of construct definition are characterized by calibration equations (or specification equations) that operationalize and formalize a construct theory. These equations, make point predictions about item behavior or item ensemble distributions. The more closely theoretical calibrations coincide with empirical item difficulties, the more useful the construct theory and the more interesting the story. Twenty-five years of experience in developing the Lexile Framework for Reading enable us to distinguish five stages of thinking. Each subsequent stage can be characterized by an increasingly sophisticated use of substantive theory. Evidence that a construct theory and its associated technologies have reached a given stage or level can be found in the artifacts, instruments, and social networks that are realized at each level.
Large and small non-extremal black holes, thermodynamic dualities, and the Swampland
Authors: Cribiori Niccolò , Dierigl Markus , Gnecchi Alessandra , Lüst Dieter , Scalisi Marco 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In this paper we discuss black hole solutions parametrized by their entropy $$ \mathcal{S} $$
S
and temperature $$ \mathcal{T} $$
T
in gravitational effective theories. We are especially interested in the analysis of the boundary regions in the $$ \mathcal{T} $$
T
− $$ \mathcal{S} $$
S
diagram, i.e. large/small values of entropy and temperature, and their relation to Swampland constraints. To explore this correlation, we couple the gravitational theories to scalar fields and connect limits of thermodynamic quantities of black holes to scalar field excursions in the corresponding solutions. Whenever the scalar fields traverse an infinite field distance, the Swampland Distance Conjecture allows for a reformulation in terms of entropy- or temperature-distance. The effective theories with scalars we investigate are Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton theory as well as $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 2 supergravity in four dimensions. The relation of the latter to type II string theory compactified on Calabi-Yau 3-folds often allows for a direct identification of the corresponding light tower of states. These setups also point towards various dualities between asymptotic regions of the black hole solution. In the context of $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 2 supergravity black holes, these thermodynamic dualities have an interpretation in terms of T- and S-dualities along the internal directions and their natural action on Kaluza-Klein and winding states.
Integrable crosscap states in $$ \mathfrak{gl} $$(N) spin chains
Authors: Gombor Tamas 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
We study the integrable crosscap states of the integrable quantum spin chains and we classify them for the $$ \mathfrak{gl} $$
gl
(N) symmetric models. We also give a derivation for the exact overlaps between the integrable crosscap states and the Bethe states. The first part of the derivation is to calculate sum formula for the off-shell overlap. Using this formula we prove that the normalized overlaps of the multi-particle states are ratios of the Gaudin-like determinants. Furthermore we collect the integrable crosscap states which can be relevant in the AdS/CFT correspondence.
Holonomy saddles and 5d BPS quivers
Authors: Jia Qiang , Yi Piljin 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
We study the Seberg-Witten geometry of 5d $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 1 pure Yang-Mills theories compactified on a circle. The concept of the holonomy saddle implies that there are multiple 4d limits of interacting Seiberg-Witten theories from a single 5d theory, and we explore this in the simplest case of pure SU(N) theories. The compactification leads to N copies of locally indistinguishable 4d pure SU(N) Seiberg-Witten theories in the infrared, glued together in a manner dictated by the Chern-Simons level. We show how this picture naturally builds the 5d BPS quivers which agree with the D0 probe dynamics previously proposed via the geometrically engineered local Calabi-Yau. We work out various SU(2) and SU(3) examples through a detailed look at the respective spectral curves. We also note a special ℤ2N feature of SU(N)N spectral curves and the resulting BPS quivers, with emphasis on how the 4d holonomy saddles are affected.
Rewiring of the protein–protein–metabolite interactome during the diauxic shift in yeast
Authors: Schlossarek Dennis , Luzarowski Marcin , Sokołowska Ewelina M. , Thirumalaikumar Venkatesh P. , Dengler Lisa , Willmitzer Lothar , Ewald Jennifer C. , Skirycz Aleksandra 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the switch from aerobic fermentation to respiratory growth is separated by a period of growth arrest, known as the diauxic shift, accompanied by a significant metabolic rewiring, including the derepression of gluconeogenesis and the establishment of mitochondrial respiration. Previous studies reported hundreds of proteins and tens of metabolites accumulating differentially across the diauxic shift transition. To assess the differences in the protein–protein (PPIs) and protein–metabolite interactions (PMIs) yeast samples harvested in the glucose-utilizing, fermentative phase, ethanol-utilizing and early stationary respiratory phases were analysed using isothermal shift assay (iTSA) and a co-fractionation mass spectrometry approach, PROMIS. Whereas iTSA monitors changes in protein stability and is informative towards protein interaction status, PROMIS uses co-elution to delineate putative PPIs and PMIs. The resulting dataset comprises 1627 proteins and 247 metabolites, hundreds of proteins and tens of metabolites characterized by differential thermal stability and/or fractionation profile, constituting a novel resource to be mined for the regulatory PPIs and PMIs. The examples discussed here include (i) dissociation of the core and regulatory particle of the proteasome in the early stationary phase, (ii) the differential binding of a co-factor pyridoxal phosphate to the enzymes of amino acid metabolism and (iii) the putative, phase-specific interactions between proline-containing dipeptides and enzymes of central carbon metabolism.
Symmetric Set Coloring of Signed Graphs
Authors: Cappello Chiara , Steffen Eckhard 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThere are many concepts of signed graph coloring which are defined by assigning colors to the vertices of the graphs. These concepts usually differ in the number of self-inverse colors used. We introduce a unifying concept for this kind of coloring by assigning elements from symmetric sets to the vertices of the signed graphs. In the first part of the paper, we study colorings with elements from symmetric sets where the number of self-inverse elements is fixed. We prove a Brooks’-type theorem and upper bounds for the corresponding chromatic numbers in terms of the chromatic number of the underlying graph. These results are used in the second part where we introduce the symset-chromatic number $$\chi _\mathrm{sym}(G,\sigma )$$

χ
sym

(
G
,
σ
)

of a signed graph $$(G,\sigma )$$

(
G
,
σ
)

. We show that the symset-chromatic number gives the minimum partition of a signed graph into independent sets and non-bipartite antibalanced subgraphs. In particular, $$\chi _\mathrm{sym}(G,\sigma ) \le \chi (G)$$

χ
sym

(
G
,
σ
)

≤
χ

(
G
)

. In the final section we show that these colorings can also be formalized as DP-colorings.
Subnational AI policy: shaping AI in a multi-level governance system
Authors: Liebig Laura , Güttel Licinia , Jobin Anna , Katzenbach Christian 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe promises and risks of Artificial Intelligence permeate current policy statements and have attracted much attention by AI governance research. However, most analyses focus exclusively on AI policy on the national and international level, overlooking existing federal governance structures. This is surprising because AI is connected to many policy areas, where the competences are already distributed between the national and subnational level, such as research or economic policy. Addressing this gap, this paper argues that more attention should be dedicated to subnational efforts to shape AI and asks which themes are discussed in subnational AI policy documents with a case study of Germany’s 16 states. Our qualitative analysis of 34 AI policy documents issued on the subnational level demonstrates that subnational efforts focus on knowledge transfer between research and industry actors, the commercialization of AI, different economic identities of the German states, and the incorporation of ethical principles. Because federal states play an active role in AI policy, analysing AI as a policy issue on different levels of government is necessary and will contribute to a better understanding of the developments and implementations of AI strategies in different national contexts.
Social robots as partners?
Authors: Healy Paul 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAlthough social robots are achieving increasing prominence as companions and carers, their status as partners in an interactive relationship with humans remains unclear. The present paper explores this issue, first, by considering why social robots cannot truly qualify as “Thous”, that is, as surrogate human partners, as they are often assumed to be, and then by briefly considering why it will not do to construe them as mere machines, slaves, or pets, as others have contended. Having concluded that none of these familiar designations does justice to social robots’ still evolving and yet-to-be-defined status, I go on to consider whether engaging in a “relational turn” which prioritises the relationship over the entities in relation, can provide a more satisfactory alternative. In defending this stance, Damiano and Dumouchel (HUMANA.MENTE J Philos Stud 13:181–206, 2020) contend that in addition to foregrounding the possibility that social robots constitute new types of artificial companions which we can find “companionable in different ways”, the relational turn has the added advantage of providing a more expansive and productive ethical framework for future research and development in this domain. But on balance, it is far from clear that this approach can circumvent the so-called “dummy-human” problem, the contention that social robots are little more than sophisticated toys with the potential to deceive their users about the prospects for genuine partnership and bonding. Accordingly, I conclude that while Damiano and Dumouchel’s shift in “target phenomenology” brings to the fore facets of the interaction that may be difficult to infer by focussing on the relata alone, it is ultimately too “thin” to qualify as a template for robust human-robotic interaction of the sort that could qualify as a genuine partnership. Hence, while their relational turn has its merits in alerting us to the novel possibilities and challenges afforded by this ever-evolving technology and to the limitations of existing frameworks, it is contended that in itself it cannot provide an adequate template for conceptualising what a genuine human–robot partnership might entail. Instead, we need a more expansive approach that can do greater justice to the complexities of human-robotic interaction in its continuities as well as differences from more familiar human (and animal) prototypes.
Pattern-Selective Feedback Stabilization of Ginzburg–Landau Spiral Waves
Authors: Schneider Isabelle , de Wolff Babette , Dai Jia-Yuan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe complex Ginzburg–Landau equation serves as a paradigm of pattern formation and the existence and stability properties of Ginzburg–Landaum-armed spiral waves have been investigated extensively. However, many multi-armed spiral waves are unstable and thereby rarely visible in experiments and numerical simulations. In this article we selectively stabilize certain significant classes of unstable spiral waves within circular and spherical geometries. As a result, stable spiral waves with an arbitrary number of arms are obtained for the first time. Our tool for stabilization is the symmetry-breaking control triple method, which is an equivariant generalization of the widely applied Pyragas control to the setting of PDEs.
Establishment and application of quantitative method for 22 organic acids in honey based on SPE-GC–MS
Authors: Sun Liping , Shi Fengfeng , He Xingjiang , Cai Yujiao , Yu Yinglong , Yao Dan , Zhou Jinhui , Wei Xiaoping 
Published: October 2022

AbstractHoney, a natural healthy liquid bee product, is rich in amino acids, vitamins, and other essential nutrients. Different origin honeys also varied in organic acids. The objective of this study is to establish an efficient solid-phase extraction-gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (SPE-GC–MS) method to eliminate interference of sugar and other impurities for accurately estimating 22 organic acids in honey by optimizing extraction, purification, derivatization, and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analytical conditions. After being extracted, purified and derivatized, organic acids in honey were qualified and quantified by GC–MS. This method was evaluated experimentally, and the results showed that, within a certain concentration range, the standard curve linear relationship was satisfactory (R2 > 0.9942), and the target organic acid recovery rate was 86.74% ~ 118.68%. Besides, precision (relative standard deviation, RSD = 2.98% ~ 13.42%), detection limit (LOD = 0.002 ~ 0.2 mg kg−1), and quantification limit (LOQ = 0.008 ~ 0.5 mg kg−1) met the target requirements. Also, based on this analytical method, the organic acids in five types of honey (acacia, jujube, vitex, canola and linden honey) were estimated. Notably, they all contained 22 different kinds of organic acids, and significant differences (p < 0.05) in the organic acid content and composition among different honey varieties were observed. PCA analysis showed that the five honeys could be differentiated based on the content of 22 organic acids.
Effects of visual stimulation using wooden-wall images with different amounts of knots on psychological and physiological responses
Authors: Nakamura Masashi , Ikei Harumi , Miyazaki Yoshifumi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWood is an important material used in decorating human living environment. Knots are prominent features found on wood surface. Moreover, they are commonly considered as undesirable surface defects, which reduce not only the mechanical properties but also the aesthetic qualities of lumber. The effects of visual stimulation using knotty wood on psychological responses among humans have been relatively well investigated. However, only few studies have assessed physiological responses. Hence, the present study aimed to assess whether knotty wood surface can reduce not only psychological but also physiological benefits for humans. Two full-sized knotty wooden-wall images and a clear wooden-wall image were used as visual stimuli using computer graphics techniques. Twenty-eight adult Japanese female university students viewed each image for 90 s in random order. During exposure to the visual stimuli, the oxyhemoglobin concentrations in the left and right prefrontal cortex and heart rate variability were consecutively measured and utilized as indicators of central and autonomic nervous system activities, respectively. In addition, the psychological effects of knotty images were examined using the modified semantic differential method and the Profile of Mood State 2nd Edition. There was no significant difference in the effects of the three images on physiological responses. All visual stimuli more or less promoted psychological comfort and relaxation. However, compared with the clear wooden-wall image, the wooden-wall image with several knots was associated with reduced psychological benefits, and the psychological responses in viewing the wooden-wall image with few knots did not remarkably differ.
Estimating crop coefficients and actual evapotranspiration in citrus orchards with sporadic cover weeds based on ground and remote sensing data
Authors: Ippolito Matteo , De Caro Dario , Ciraolo Giuseppe , Minacapilli Mario , Provenzano Giuseppe 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAccurate estimations of actual crop evapotranspiration are of utmost importance to evaluate crop water requirements and to optimize water use efficiency. At this aim, coupling simple agro-hydrological models, such as the well-known FAO-56 model, with remote observations of the land surface could represent an easy-to-use tool to identify biophysical parameters of vegetation, such as the crop coefficient Kc under the actual field conditions and to estimate actual crop evapotranspiration. This paper intends, therefore, to propose an operational procedure to evaluate the spatio-temporal variability of Kc in a citrus orchard characterized by the sporadic presence of ground weeds, based on micro-meteorological measurements collected on-ground and vegetation indices (VIs) retrieved by the Sentinel-2 sensors. A non-linear Kc(VIs) relationship was identified after assuming that the sum of two VIs, such as the normalized difference vegetation index, NDVI, and the normalized difference water index, NDWI, is suitable to represent the spatio-temporal dynamics of the investigated environment, characterized by sparse vegetation and the sporadic presence of spontaneous but transpiring soil weeds, typical of winter seasons and/or periods following events wetting the soil surface. The Kc values obtained in each cell of the Sentinel-2 grid (10 m) were then used as input of the spatially distributed FAO-56 model to estimate the variability of actual evapotranspiration (ETa) and the other terms of water balance. The performance of the proposed procedure was finally evaluated by comparing the estimated average soil water content and actual crop evapotranspiration with the corresponding ones measured on-ground. The application of the FAO-56 model indicated that the estimated ETa were characterized by root-mean-square-error, RMSE, and mean bias-error, MBE, of 0.48 and -0.13 mm d−1 respectively, while the estimated soil water contents, SWC, were characterized by RMSE equal to 0.01 cm3 cm−3 and the absence of bias, then confirming that the suggested procedure can produce highly accurate results in terms of dynamics of soil water content and actual crop evapotranspiration under the investigated field conditions.
Dupilumab (Dupixent®) tends to be an effective therapy for uncontrolled severe chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps: real data of a single-centered, retrospective single-arm longitudinal study from a university hospital in Germany
Authors: Jansen Florian , Becker Benjamin , Eden Jördis K. , Breda Philippe C. , Hot Amra , Oqueka Tim , Betz Christian S. , Hoffmann Anna S. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Introduction
Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is an inflammatory disease, which is usually type 2-mediated in the western hemisphere, associated with severe therapeutic and socioeconomic challenges. The first targeted systemic treatment option for severe uncontrolled CRSwNP is a human monoclonal antibody against the interleukin-4 receptor α (IL-4Rα) subunit called dupilumab, which was approved for subcutaneous administration in Germany in October 2019. The purpose of this study is to investigate the efficacy of dupilumab in real life in patients treated with dupilumab in label according to license in our department in 2019–2021.

Materials and methods
Since October 2019, we have investigated 40 patients (18 men, 22 women) treated with dupilumab in a single-center, retrospective single-arm longitudinal study. The following parameters were collected before treatment (baseline), at 1 month, 4 months, 7 months, 10 months, and 13 months: the Sino-Nasal Outcome Test-22 (SNOT-22), the forced expiratory pressure in 1 s (FEV-1), the olfactometry using Sniffin' Sticks-12 identification test (SSIT), a visual analog scale of the total complaints, the Nasal Polyp Score (NPS), histologic findings as well as total serum IgE, eosinophilic cationic protein in serum and blood eosinophils.

Results
The average age was 52.7 years (± 15.3). The follow-up period was 13 months. The SNOT-22 average was 60 points (± 22.2) at the first visit, 28.2 points (± 17.1) after 4 months and 20.8 points (± 17.7) after 13 months. The NPS was 4.3 points (± 1.5), after 4 months 2.1 points (± 1.3) and after 13 months 1.4 points (± 1.1). Olfactometry showed 3.2 points (± 3.7) at the baseline, 7.0 points (± 4.0) after 4 months and 7.8 points (± 3.5) after 13 months. The other parameters also improved. Most parameters showed linear dependence in the slopes under therapy (p < 0.001). Adverse side effects were mostly only mild, and no rescue therapy was needed.

Conclusion
There is a clear improvement in the medical condition and symptoms in all categories mentioned under therapy with dupilumab, as well as a reduction in the need for systemic glucocorticoids and revision surgery as rescue treatment. Our results show that dupilumab tends to be an effective therapy alternative for severe CRSwNP.
High-intensity interval training: optimizing oxygen consumption and time to exhaustion taking advantage of the exponential reconstitution behaviour of D’
Authors: Vaccari Filippo , Stafuzza Jacopo , Giovanelli Nicola , Lazzer Stefano 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Accumulating the time near maximum aerobic power $$\left( {{\dot{\text{V}}\text{O}}_{{{\text{2max}}}} } \right)$$

V
˙

O

2max

is considered to be the most effective way to improve aerobic capacity. The aims of this study were: (1) to verify whether postponing the first recovery interval improves time to exhaustion during a high-intensity interval training (HIIT) test, and (2) to verify whether a HIIT protocol with decreasing interval duration (HIDIT) is more effective in accumulating time near $${\dot{\text{V}}\text{O}}_{{{\text{2max}}}}$$

V
˙

O

2max

compared with two classical protocols with short intervals (SIHIIT) and long intervals (LIHIIT).

Methods
Nine active males (35 ± 11 years, $${\dot{\text{V}}\text{O}}_{{{\text{2max}}}}$$

V
˙

O

2max

52 ± 5 mL·min−1·kg−1) performed a graded exercise test on an athletic track. Critical velocity and D’ were estimated from three to five high-intensity trials to exhaustion. Then, the subjects performed three trials with a single recovery interval after 30 s (Rec30s), after 3 min (Rec3min) and after exhaustion (RecTlim) to verify whether postponing the first recovery interval enhances the time to exhaustion. Finally, the subjects performed the three HIIT protocols mentioned above.

Results
The time to exhaustion was significantly greater in RecTlim (464 ± 67 s) than in Rec3min (388 ± 48 s) (p < 0.0078) and Rec30s (308 ± 44 s) (p > 0.0001). Additionally, it was significantly greater in Rec3min than in Rec30s (p = 0.0247). Furthermore, the time accumulated near $${\dot{\text{V}}\text{O}}_{{{\text{2max}}}}$$

V
˙

O

2max

was significantly longer in HIDIT (998 ± 129 s) than in SIHIIT (678 ± 116 s) (p = 0.003) and LIHIIT (673 ± 115 s) (p < 0.031).

Conclusions
During the trials, postponing the first recovery interval was effective in improving the time to exhaustion. Moreover, HIDIT was effective in prolonging the time near $${\dot{\text{V}}\text{O}}_{{{\text{2max}}}}$$

V
˙

O

2max

.