bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Territorial self-government and “LGBT-free zones”
Authors: Wieczorek Anna 
Published: June 2022

Several dozen of self-governments – municipal and county councils and regional assemblies passed resolutions and declarations against the LGBT ideology. The authors of these documents emphasized the will to protect the family based on traditional values and to defend the education system against LGBT propaganda/ideology. Opponents warned against the stigmatization of non-heteronormative people. The guideline for the above-mentioned documents became the “Local Government Charter of Family Rights”, published in 2019. Signs “LGBT-free zone” have appeared at the entrances to areas administered by self-governments that have adopted such declarations or resolutions. The dispute has become increasingly wide-ranging and has involved the media, the courts, the prosecutor’s office, the Ombudsman, the European Parliament, and the European Commission. The author of this article does not take sides. He merely believes that unnecessary quarrels harms our country. To demonstrate the absurdness of the argument over “LGBT-free zones”, the article refers to: – the selected documents relating to local government (declarations, resolutions, court judgments) and the “Local Government Charter of Family Rights” – generally binding acts of law relating to the self-government, family and educational tasks; – biographies of people (e.g. writers) who should be considered positive in Polish and World history, despite their complicated family life. The selection of the analyzed data can be considered subjective. The author chose the documents of local governments of Małopolska and Beskid Mountains, because he considers the areas managed by them to be very attractive for tourists – he likes to spend holidays in Cracow, Zakopane and Beskid Śląski and Żywiecki, e.g. in Koniaków and Żywiec. The reading list for secondary schools, adopted by the Minister of National Education, determined the selection of writers’ biographies. The choice of the others was determined by the uniqueness of their biographies and the impact on the history of Poland and the world. Finishing work on the article in March 2022, the author consciously introduced the theme of Ukraine.
Health Consumer Engagement, Enablement, and Empowerment in Smartphone-Enabled Home-Based Diagnostic Testing for Viral Infections: Mixed Methods Study
Authors: LeRouge Cynthia , Durneva Polina , Lyon Victoria , Thompson Matthew 
Published: June 2022

Background
Health consumers are increasingly taking a more substantial role in decision-making and self-care regarding their health. A range of digital technologies is available for laypeople to find, share, and generate health-related information that supports their health care processes. There is also innovation and interest in home testing enabled by smartphone technology (smartphone-supported home testing [smart HT]). However, few studies have focused on the process from initial engagement to acting on the test results, which involves multiple decisions.

Objective
This study aimed to identify and model the key factors leading to health consumers’ engagement and enablement associated with smart HT. We also explored multiple levels of health care choices resulting from health consumer empowerment and activation from smart HT use. Understanding the factors and choices associated with engagement, enablement, empowerment, and activation helps both research and practice to support the intended and optimal use of smart HT.

Methods
This study reports the findings from 2 phases of a more extensive pilot study of smart HT for viral infection. In these 2 phases, we used mixed methods (semistructured interviews and surveys) to shed light on the situated complexities of health consumers making autonomous decisions to engage with, perform, and act on smart HT, supporting the diagnostic aspects of their health care. Interview (n=31) and survey (n=282) participants underwent smart HT testing for influenza in earlier pilot phases. The survey also extended the viral infection context to include questions related to potential smart HT use for SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis.

Results
Our resulting model revealed the smart HT engagement and enablement factors, as well as choices resulting from empowerment and activation. The model included factors leading to engagement, specifically various intrinsic and extrinsic influences. Moreover, the model included various enablement factors, including the quality of smart HT and the personal capacity to perform smart HT. The model also explores various choices resulting from empowerment and activation from the perspectives of various stakeholders (public vs private) and concerning different levels of impact (personal vs distant).

Conclusions
The findings provide insight into the nuanced and complex ways health consumers make decisions to engage with and perform smart HT and how they may react to positive results in terms of public-private and personal-distant dimensions. Moreover, the study illuminates the role that providers and smart HT sources can play to better support digitally engaged health consumers in the smart HT decision process.
Seeder for Different Depths of Grain Sowing and Mineral Fertilizers Application
Authors: Kem A. A. , Mikhaltsov E. M. , Chekusov M. S. , Shmidt A. N. 
Published: June 2022

The article presents the main results of a three-year research on the use of a seeder with openers for different depths of grain sowing and mineral fertilizers application.Research purposeTo compare SKP-2.1 seeder equipped with experimental openers and the serially produced one and to determine the yield and quality indicators of spring soft wheat grain, depending on the sowing method and the rate of nitrogen mineral fertilizers application.Materials and methodsA comparative field agrotechnical experiment was carried out to compare the indicators of field germination, yield by variants and the quality of grain obtained in different variants of the experiment. The experiment was carried out on Omskaya-36 soft spring wheat. The sowing performed by SKP-2.1 serially produced seeder-cultivator was taken as control. The experimental plots were sown with the same seeder but equipped with combined coulters, which are lancet paws that ensure the placement of granular mineral fertilizers and seeds in soil horizons of different depths.Results and discussionAccording to the three-year research, the maximum economic effect was obtained at the rate of ammonium nitrate application of 150 kg/ha. As a result, the yield increased by 0.44 t/ha, the cost of additional production accounted for 6740 rub/ha. A slight decrease in the economic effect was revealed with an increase in the rate of fertilizer application. It was determined that the maximum yield and the best grain quality characteristics both in the control sowing options and in the experimental ones were obtained with the application of ammonium nitrate a rate of 150 and 200 kg/ha.ConclusionsIt was established that the use of a seeder for different-depth grain sowing and mineral fertilizers application, depending on the spring weather conditions and the ammonium nitrate dose, provides an increase in field germination by 11-18%; the average annual increase in grain yield accounted for 16.3%. The gluten content proved to increase from 24.6 (control) to 29.8 percent.
Persepsi Masyarakat atas Kepemimpinan Perempuan di Kecamatan Darussalam Aceh Besar
Authors: Hilmiati Hilmiati , Dewi Ernita , Zuherni Zuherni 
Published: June 2022

Women's leadership is kind of women's participation in community leading intellectually and emotionally, which is contribute their energy, thoughts, and material to realize a certain goal. Therefore, in history, women’s leadership come up as a significant issue until now days from local and global approach. However women leader especially in Aceh Besar District founded very rare, particularly the position as a village leader. To figure out the problem, this study try to describe the philosophical values in society toward women's leadership, and to find out the perception of the people of Darussalam Subdistrict, Aceh Besar Regency around the issue. In this sense, as a field research this research apply a qualitative type of research by using data collection techniques such as documentation, observation.and direct interviews. The results showed that the value of the philosophy of women's leadership displayed from the understanding of the community toward position of a woman, where women also have rights and freedoms in carrying out their obligations. Hence, women have important foundations in family life, organizations and the community.AbstrakKepemimpinan perempuan merupakan suatu bentuk keikutsertaan perempuan dalam memimpin secara intelektual serta emosional dalam suatu kelompok yang dapat memberikan sumbangan yang baik dalam bentuk tenaga, pikiran, maupun materiil guna untuk dapat mewujudkan suatu tujuan tertentu. Kepemimpinan perempuan khususnya di Kabupaten Aceh Besar, kepala desa yang dipimpin oleh perempuan menjadi hal yang sangat jarang dijumpai. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini yaitu mendeskripsikan nilai filosofis dalam kepemimpinan perempuan, serta mengetahui persepsi masyarakat Kecamatan Darussalam Kabupaten Aceh Besar terhadap kepemimpinan perempuan. Penelitian ini bersifat kualitatif yang berbasis penelitian lapangan, serta menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data, wawancara langsung dengan masyarakat Kecamatan Darussalam Kabupaten Aceh Besar. Selain itu, teknik pengumpulan data lainnya seperti dokumentasi dan observasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai filosofi kepemimpinan perempuan dapat dilihat dari pemahaman masyarakat yaitu terletak pada kedudukan seorang perempuan. Dimana perempuan juga mempunyai hak dan kebebasan dalam menjalankan kewajibannya, serta Perempuan tidak lagi dipandang sebagai sosok yang lemah, akan tetapi memiliki fondasi penting dalam kehidupan keluarga, organisasi maupun lingkungan masyarakat.
Sekularisme dalam Pendidikan di Malaysia
Authors: Binti Masri Nurul Farhanah 
Published: June 2022

The majority of the population of Malaysia is Muslim. However, Islam does not regulate all aspects of state life in this country. The education aspect, for example, is more directed to the western education system and model than the Islamic education system, as well as in the Malaysian state government and political system. The purpose of this study is to classify the idea of secularism that is applied in policy or development in Malaysia, especially in the field of education. This research is a field research, using interviews, observation and documentation as data collection techniques. The results of this study indicate that the Malaysian state has implemented secularism in the government system in Malaysia. This is due to the influence of British colonialism which replaced the model of government based on Malay culture into a democratic system of government, political, social, economic and educational systems. This resulted in the Islamic model slowly starting to be erased, especially in education.AbstrakMayoritas penduduk negara Malaysia menganut agama Islam. Namun tidak semua aspek kehidupan bernegara di negara ini dilaksanakan berdasarkan ajaran islam. Aspek pendidikan misalnya, sistem pendidikan lebih mengarah pada model dan sistem pendidikan barat dan tidak menganut pada sistem pendidikan Islam, begitu juga dalam sistem pemerintahan dan politik negara Malaysia. Tujuan penelitian ini juga untuk mengklasifikasikan tentang ide sekularisme yang diterapkan dalam kebijakan atau pembangunan di Malaysia khususnya dibidang pendidikan.. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian lapangan (field research) dengan menggunakan metode wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi sebagai teknik pengumpulan data. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa negara Malaysia telah menerapkan sekularisme dalam sistem pemerintahan di Malaysia. Hal ini disebabkan oleh pengaruh penjajahan Inggris yang menggantikan model pemerintahan yang berbasis pada budaya melayu menjadi sistem demokrasi sistem pemerintahan, politik, sosial, ekonomi dan pendidikan. Hal ini mengakibatkan secara perlahan model islami mulai terhapus khususnya dalam pendidikan.
Studi Lafaz Din, Millah, Ummah dan Huda dalam Al-Qur’an
Authors: Furqan Furqan , Ridhatillah Khairatur 
Published: June 2022

One of the specialties of the Qur'an is that it is rich in vocabulary. As there are two or more lafazes used to denote one meaning or meaning adjacent. Al-din, millah, ummah and huda are synonymous lafaz, the words mean religion, but the Qur'an uses them in different connotations. This research is a literature study with a maudhui method approach and content analysis techniques (content analysis). The results showed that lafaz al-din is mentioned 92 times in the Qur'an which is contained in 82 verses. According to Quraish Shihab, lafaz al-din means submission, obedience, calculation, religion and recompense. Ibn Katsir interpreted lafaz al-din as the meaning of obedience. Lafaz millah is mentioned 14 times in the Qur'an. According to Quraish Shihab, this lafaz means a set of teachings and according to Ibn Katsir it means religion (i.e. Islam) brought by prophet Ibrahim. Lafaz ummah with its various forms is found as many as 64 words with varying meanings. In the singular it is called 51 times and the plural form 13 times. According to Ibn Katsir, lafaz ummah means religion and tawhid. Lafaz huda in the Qur'an is mentioned in six forms with 73 derivations, each form has its own meaning. According to al-Maraghi, lafaz huda means religion and instruction, while Quraish Shihab argues that lafaz huda means divine hidayah, the teachings brought by the Prophet Muhammad, hidayah, taufik and Islamic teachings. Salah satu keistimewaan Alquran adalah kaya akan kosakata. Seperti terdapat dua lafaz atau lebih yang digunakan untuk menunjukkan satu makna atau makna yang berdekatan. Al-din, millah, ummah dan huda merupakan lafaz sinonim, kata-kata tersebut berarti agama, tetapi Alquran memakainya dalam konotasi yang berbeda. Penelitian ini adalah studi kepustakaan dengan pendekatan metode maudhui dan teknik analisis isi (content analisys). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lafaz al-din disebutkan sebanyak 92 kali dalam Alquran yang terdapat pada 82 ayat. Menurut Quraish Shihab, lafaz al-din bermakna ketundukan, ketaatan, perhitungan, agama dan balasan. Ibnu Katsir menafsirkan lafaz al-din bermakna ketaatan. Lafaz millah disebutkan 14 kali dalam Alquran. Menurut Quraish Shihab, lafaz ini bermakna sekumpulan ajaran dan menurut Ibnu Katsir bermakna agama (yaitu Islam) yang dibawa oleh Nabi Ibrahim. Lafaz ummah dengan berbagai bentuknya dijumpai sebanyak 64 kata dengan arti yang bervariasi. Dalam bentuk tunggal disebut sebanyak 51 kali dan bentuk jamak 13 kali. Menurut Ibnu Katsir, lafaz ummah bermakna agama dan tauhid. Lafaz huda dalam Alquran disebutkan dalam enam bentuk dengan 73 derivasi, setiap bentuk memiliki arti tersendiri. Menurut al-Maraghi, lafaz huda bermakna agama dan petunjuk, sedangkan Quraish Shihab berpendapat lafaz huda bermakna hidayah ilahi, ajaran yang dibawa oleh Nabi Muhammad, hidayah, taufik dan ajaran Islam.
Peran dan Sikap Nabi Ya’qub dalam Mengembangkan Karakter Anak Perspektif Al-Qur’an
Authors: Zhafirah Naili , Zainuddin Zainuddin 
Published: June 2022

The role and attitude of an ideal father is as the Qur'an describes through the dialogue between the Prophet Ya'qub and his children. A father must be able to develop the character of his children with an educational role and attitude. The reality of today's society is contrary to the concept of the Qur'an, the father who is expected to become an educator is actually a figure who damages the image of the child through several cases of incest relationships. Therefore, this article discusses the role and attitude of Prophet Ya'qub in developing the character of his children, its impact and the actualization of the role and attitude of Prophet Ya'qub in developing the character of children in the present. This article is literature research using the maudhu'i method. The data were analyzed descriptively and analytically. This article shows that: first, in developing the character of the child, the Prophet Ya'qub was able to act as an open, loving, caring, listening and protecting communicator for his children and as avoidance of conflicts in the family. Secondly, the impact of the role and attitude of the Prophet Ya'qub towards his children was the formation of a positive character, his children dared to admit his mistakes in the past. Third, The actualization of Ya'qub's role and attitude can be done by reflecting on Ya'qub. A father is able to establish close and familiar communication with children and is able to establish a patient and forgiving attitude towards his children. Peran dan sikap seorang ayah ideal adalah sebagaimana yang digambarkan al-Qur`an melalui dialog antara Nabi Ya’qub dengan anak-anaknya. Seorang ayah harus mampu mengembangkan karakter anak-anaknya dengan peran dan sikap yang mendidik. Realita masyarakat zaman sekarang bertolak belakang dengan konsep al-Qur`an, ayah yang diharap menjadi pendidik justru menjadi sosok yang merusak citra anak melalui beberapa kasus hubungan incest. Oleh karena itu, Artikel ini membahas peran dan sikap Nabi Ya’qub dalam mengembangkan karakter anak-anaknya, dampaknya dan aktualisasi peran dan sikap Nabi Ya’qub dalam mengembangkan karakter anak-anak pada masa sekarang. Artikel ini merupakan penelitian kepustakaan dengan menggunakan metode maudhu’i. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif analitis. Artikel ini menunjukkan bahwa dalam mengembangkan karakter anak, Nabi Ya’qub mampu berperan sebagai penjalin komunikasi yang terbuka, pengasih, penyayang, pendengar dan pelindung bagi anak-anaknya serta sebagai penghindar dari terjadi konflik di dalam keluarga. Dampak peran dan sikap Nabi Ya’qub terhadap anak-anaknya terbentuknya karakter positif, anak-anaknya berani mengakui kesalahan-kesalahannya di masa lalu. Aktualisasi peran dan sikap Ya’qub dapat dilakukan dengan bercermin pada Ya’qub, ia mampu menjalin komunikasi yang dekat dan akrab dengan anak-anak dan mampu membangun sikap sabar dan pemaaf terhadap anak-anaknya.
Nilai Ketakteraturan Total dari Graf Butterfly Network Level 4
Authors: Marzuki C C , Satria R , Rahma A N , Faizal A 
Published: June 2022

Misalkan adalah suatu graf dan adalah bilangan bulat positif. Nilai total ketakteraturan titik dari graf , yang dinotasikan dengan yaitu label terbesar minimum yang digunakan untuk melabeli graf dengan pelabelan- total tak teratur titik. Nilai total ketakteraturan sisi dari graf , yang dinotasikan dengan yaitu label terbesar minimum yang digunakan untuk melabeli graf dengan pelabelan- total tak teratur sisi. Nilai ketakteraturan total dari graf , yang dinotasikan dengan yaitu label terbesar minimum yang digunakan untuk melabeli graf dengan pelabelan- total tak teratur total. Hasil dari penelitian ini, diperoleh nilai total ketakteraturan titik dari graf butterfly network yaitu , nilai total ketakteraturan sisi dari graf butterfly network yaitu , nilai ketakteraturan total dari graf butterfly network yaitu .
Household Food Insecurity and Fear of Hypoglycemia in Adolescents and Young Adults with Diabetes and Parents of Youth with Diabetes
Authors: Reid Lauren A. , Zheng Siyu , Mendoza Jason A. , Reboussin Beth A. , Roberts Alissa , Sauder Katherine A. , Lawrence Jean M. , Jensen Elizabeth , Henkin Leora , Flory Kate , Knight Lisa , Pihoker Catherine , Dolan Lawrence M. , Apperson Elaine , Liese Angela D. 
Published: June 2022

<p> </p>
<p><strong>Objective:</strong> To evaluate the relation between household food insecurity (HFI) and fear of hypoglycemia among young adults with type 1 and type 2 diabetes, adolescents with type 1 diabetes, and their parents. </p>
<p><em><strong>Research Design and Methods</strong></em><strong>:</strong> We analyzed cross-sectional data of 1,676 young adults with youth-onset diabetes (84% type 1, 16% type 2) and 568 adolescents (<18 years; mean age 15.1 years) with type 1 from the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study. Adult participants and parents of adolescent participants completed the US Household Food Security Survey. Adults, adolescents, and parents of adolescents completed the Hypoglycemia Fear Survey, where answers range from 1-4. The outcomes were the mean score for fear of hypoglycemia and the behavior and worry subscale scores. Linear regression models identified associations between HFI and fear of hypoglycemia scores.</p>
<p><strong>Results:</strong> Adults with type 1 diabetes experiencing HFI had higher fear of hypoglycemia scores (+0.22 units for behavior, +0.55 units for worry, +0.40 units for total, all p<0.0001) than those without HFI. No differences by HFI status were found for adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Parents of adolescents reporting HFI had a 0.18 unit higher worry score than those not reporting HFI (p<0.05). Adults with type 2 diabetes experiencing HFI had higher fear of hypoglycemia scores (+0.19 units for behavior, +0.35 units for worry, +0.28 units for total; all p<0.05) than those in food secure households.</p>
<p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Screening for HFI and fear of hypoglycemia among people with diabetes can help providers tailor diabetes education for those who have HFI and therefore fear hypoglycemia.</p>
Measures of insulin resistance as a screening tool for dysglycaemia in patients with coronary artery disease A report from the EUROASPIRE V population
Authors: Ferrannini Giulia , Bacquer Dirk De , Erlund Iris , Gyberg Viveca , Kotseva Kornelia , Mellbin Linda , Norhammar Anna , Schnell Oliver , Tuomilehto Jaakko , Vihervaara Terhi , Wood David , Rydén Lars 
Published: June 2022

<p> </p>
<p><strong>Objective </strong>The optimal screening strategy for dysglycaemia (including type 2 diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance) in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) is debated. We tested the hypothesis that measures of insulin resistance by homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) indexes may constitute good screening methods. </p>
<p><strong>Research Design and Methods </strong>Insulin, C-peptide, glycated haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) were centrally assessed in 3534 CAD patients without known dysglycaemia from the EUROASPIRE V survey. Three different HOMA indexes were calculated: HOMA-IR, HOMA2 based on insulin (HOMA2-ins), and HOMA2 based on C-peptide (HOMA2-Cpep). Dysglycaemia was diagnosed based on the two-hour postload glucose value obtained from the OGTT. Information on study participants was obtained by standardised interviews. The optimal thresholds of the three HOMA indexes for dysglycaemia diagnosis were obtained by the maximum value of Youden’s J statistic on receiver operator characteristics curves. Their correlation with clinical parameters was assessed by Spearman’s coefficients.</p>
<p><strong>Results </strong>Of 3534 CAD patients (mean age 63 years, 25% women), 41% had dysglycaemia. Mean insulin, C-peptide and HOMA indexes were significantly higher in patients with vs. without newly detected dysglycaemia (all p<0.0001). Sensitivity and specificity of the three HOMA indexes for the diagnosis of dysglycaemia were low, but their correlation with body mass index and waist circumference was strong. </p>
<p><strong>Conclusions </strong>Screening for dysglycaemia in CAD patients by HOMA-IR, HOMA2-ins and HOMA2-Cpep had insufficient diagnostic performance to detect dysglycaemia with reference to the yield of an OGTT, which should still be prioritized despite its practical drawbacks.</p>