bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Registered report: Social face evaluation: ethnicity-specific differences in the judgement of trustworthiness of faces and facial parts
Authors: Schmid Irina , Witkower Zachary , Götz Friedrich M. , Stieger Stefan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Social face evaluation is a common and consequential element of everyday life based on the judgement of trustworthiness. However, the particular facial regions that guide such trustworthiness judgements are largely unknown. It is also unclear whether different facial regions are consistently utilized to guide judgments for different ethnic groups, and whether previous exposure to specific ethnicities in one’s social environment has an influence on trustworthiness judgements made from faces or facial regions. This registered report addressed these questions through a global online survey study that recruited Asian, Black, Latino, and White raters (N = 4580). Raters were shown full faces and specific parts of the face for an ethnically diverse, sex-balanced set of 32 targets and rated targets’ trustworthiness. Multilevel modelling showed that in forming trustworthiness judgements, raters relied most strongly on the eyes (with no substantial information loss vis-à-vis full faces). Corroborating ingroup–outgroup effects, raters rated faces and facial parts of targets with whom they shared their ethnicity, sex, or eye color as significantly more trustworthy. Exposure to ethnic groups in raters’ social environment predicted trustworthiness ratings of other ethnic groups in nuanced ways. That is, raters from the ambient ethnic majority provided slightly higher trustworthiness ratings for stimuli of their own ethnicity compared to minority ethnicities. In contrast, raters from an ambient ethnic minority (e.g., immigrants) provided substantially lower trustworthiness ratings for stimuli of the ethnic majority. Taken together, the current study provides a new window into the psychological processes underlying social face evaluation and its cultural generalizability.

Protocol registration
The stage 1 protocol for this Registered Report was accepted in principle on 7 January 2022. The protocol, as accepted by the journal, can be found at: https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.18319244.
Temperature-controlled laser thermal therapy system using a newly developed laparoscopic system equipped with an ultra-compact thermographic camera
Authors: Harada Manabu , Morimoto Yuji , Mutsuki Ohara , Ohya Jun , Masamune Ken , Itazaki Yujiro , Sugihara Takao , Tsujimoto Hironori , Kishi Yoji , Ueno Hideki 
Published: October 2022

AbstractLaser thermal therapy is one of the treatments for malignant tumors. We developed a thermal endoscope using an ultra-compact thermo-sensor and established a new laparoscopic laser thermal therapy system to heat cancer tissue at an appropriate temperature, focusing on the fact that thermographic cameras are capable of two-dimensional temperature mapping. Hepatocellular carcinoma (N1S1) cells were implanted into the livers of Sprague–Dawley rats (n = 13) to create orthotopic hepatocellular carcinoma. Six of the rats underwent laparoscopic laser thermotherapy (70 °C, 5 min) using the newly developed system, and the others underwent laparoscopic insertion only. Lesion volume measurement and histological evaluation were performed in all of the rats. The laparoscopic laser thermal therapy system provided stable temperature control. When a temperature of 70 °C was used for the set temperature, the temperature of the target cancer was maintained within the range of 68–72 °C for 93.2% of the irradiation time (5 min). The median volume of the tumors that were thermally treated was significantly smaller than that of the untreated tumors. The newly developed laparoscopic laser thermal therapy system was capable of maintaining the temperature of the tumor surface at any desired temperature and was proven to be effective in treatment of the rat hepatocellular carcinoma model.
Parametric study for optimizing double-layer microchannel heat sink for solar panel thermal management
Authors: Elqady Hesham I. , El-Shazly A. H. , Elkady M. F. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe most significant issue affecting the electric efficiency of solar panels is overheating. Concentration photovoltaic (CPV) modules work by converting approximately 80% of sunlight to heat; this may exceed the cell operating temperature limits. Therefore, thermal management is the best choice for keeping such panels working under specified conditions. Prior to producing an actual solar indoor unit, the current research primarily focuses on optimizing the heat sink dimensions that affect the cooling performance of the solar panel. Two parametric studies were employed to optimize the microchannel heat sink design. First, a two-dimensional numerical study was implemented to optimize the best channel height for more uniform flow inside a double-layer microchannel heat sink (DL-MCHS); the width of channels was kept as a constant value. Second, a three-dimensional conjugate heat transfer model for fluid flow in the optimized heat sink was used to optimize the inlet/outlet header length. To evaluate the overall CPV performance, a further numerical case study was carried out for the optimized designs at a wide range of inlet mass flow rates and steady-state heat flux. The findings indicated that a channel height of 0.5 mm and a header length of 20 mm were the best design points for the suggested heat sink. To assess the effectiveness of a solar/thermal module, the selected design points were applied to a 3D model. The maximum electricity efficiency measured was 17.45%, nearly 40% greater than the typical CPV/T system.
Multiscale hierarchical and heterogeneous mechanical response of additively manufactured novel Al alloy investigated by high-resolution nanoindentation mapping
Authors: Dhal Abhijeet , Thapliyal Saket , Gaddam Supreeth , Agrawal Priyanka , Mishra Rajiv S. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSmart alloying and microstructural engineering mitigate challenges associated with laser-powder bed fusion additive manufacturing (L-PBFAM). A novel Al–Ni–Ti–Zr alloy utilized grain refinement by heterogeneous nucleation and eutectic solidification to achieve superior performance-printability synergy. Conventional mechanical testing cannot delineate complex micromechanics of such alloys. This study combined multiscale nanomechanical and microstructural mapping to illustrate mechanical signatures associated with hierarchical heat distribution and rapid solidification of L-PBFAM. The disproportionate hardening effect imparted by Al3(Ti,Zr) precipitates in the pool boundaries and the semi-solid zone was successfully demonstrated. Nanomechanical response associated with heterogeneity in particle volume fraction and coherency across melt pool was interpreted from nanoindentation force–displacement curves. The hardness map effectively delineated the weakest and strongest sections in the pool with microscopic accuracy. The presented approach serves as a high throughput methodology to establish the chemistry-processing-microstructure-properties correlation of newly designed alloys for L-PBFAM.
Experimental generation of arbitrary abruptly autofusing Circular Airy Gaussian vortex vector beams
Authors: Hu Xiao-Bo , Zhao Bo , Chen Rui-Pin , Rosales-Guzmán Carmelo 
Published: October 2022

AbstractComplex vector modes represent a general state of light nonseparable in their spatial and polarization degrees of freedom, which have inspired a wide variety of novel applications and phenomena, such as their unexpected propagation behaviour. For example, they can propagate describing periodic polarization transitions, changing from one vector beam to another. Here, we put forward a novel class of vector modes with the capability to experience an abruptly autofocusing behaviour. To achieve such beams, we encode the spatial degree of freedom in the Circular Airy Gaussian vortex (CAGV) beams. We demonstrate the experimental generation of arbitrary CAGV vector beams and evince some of their properties, such as a rotation of intermodal phase. We anticipate that the fascinating properties of theses modes will prompt the development of novel applications associated to their autofocusing behaviour and polarization distribution.
Binocular function in patients with intermittent exotropia accompanied by unilateral congenital ptosis
Authors: Choi Hee-young , Kim Su-Jin , Kim Sang-Yoon , Ahn Jung Hyo , Lee Ji-Eun 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPatients with intermittent exotropia (IXT) have a wide range of binocular deficits. This study aims to evaluate the effect of ptosis on the binocular function of patients with IXT. Clinical records of 45 IXT patients with congenital ptosis (IXT-ptosis group) and 58 age-matched IXT patients without ptosis (IXT only group) who presented for eye examination between January 2017 and June 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients with amblyopia were excluded to rule out the effects of visual acuity on binocularity. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), the magnitude of exodeviation at distance and at near, stereopsis, and office-based control scores at the first visit were reviewed. The binocular functions of the two groups were compared. The mean ± SD age of the overall patients was 6.6 ± 2.7 years. There were no significant differences in the distribution of age, sex, spherical equivalent refraction, or BCVA between the two groups (all p > 0.05). Although the office-based control scores at distance and near were slightly worse in the IXT-ptosis group, the differences were not statistically significant (at distance, 2.8 ± 1.87 vs. 2.2 ± 1.13, p = 0.08; at near, 1.8 ± 0.67 vs. 1.6 ± 0.74, p = 0.11). Furthermore, the IXT-ptosis group had worse stereopsis at distance (p = 0.01). There were no significant differences between the two groups in near stereopsis or exodeviation magnitude (p > 0.05). A larger proportion of patients had suppression on the Bagolini test in the IXT-ptosis group than in the IXT-only group (p = 0.04). The IXT-ptosis group had worse distance stereoacuity, and a larger proportion of patients had suppression on the Bagolini test than the IXT only group. In IXT patients, the presence of coexisting ptosis can have a further deleterious impact on binocular function.
Synergistic cellulose-based nanocomposite packaging and cold plasma decontamination for extended saffron preservation
Authors: Amini Maryam , Rasouli Milad , Ghoranneviss Mahmood , Momeni Mahdi , Ostrikov Kostya Ken 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSterilization of saffron packaging and maintaining the quality of saffron content are the main priorities in saffron preservation. Common modalities do not offer lasting saffron preservation and it is urgent to develop novel packaging approaches from renewable resources and prevent packaging waste. Here, simultaneous decontamination and quality maintenance of saffron is demonstrated, for the first time, through the synergistic application of nano-clay-loaded carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nanocomposites (CNCs) and cold plasmas (CP). Compared to the separate uses of CP and CMC/PVA/nano clay, our results confirm the synergies between CP and CMC/PVA/nano clay cause complete inactivation of Escherichia coli bacteria, while not significantly affecting the concentrations of the essential saffron components (safranal, crocin, and picrocrocin). Overall, the CP-treated CMC/PVA/nano clay fosters saffron preservation, through contamination removal and quality maintenance of the food product. The synergistic application of CP and CMC/PVA/nano clay thus represents a promising strategy for packaging, sterilization, and preservation of high-value food products.
Factors Influencing Temporary Sexual Behavior in Patients with Gonorrhea in STD Clinics
Authors: Wang Nan 
Published: October 2022

Objective: To explore risk factors influencing temporary sexual behavior among gonorrhea patients in STD clinics, and to adapt gonorrhea prevention and control strategies accordingly.
Methods: From August to October 2018, gonorrhea patients in 14 STD clinics across7 prefectures (cities) with high incidence of gonorrhea in Yunnan Province were screened and sampled to investigate potential risk factors. After pre-screening, a total of 179 gonorrhea patients were recruited (88.3% male).Multivariate logistic regression analysis model was performed to analyze the risk factors of temporary sexual behavior.
Results: Multivariate logistic regression analysis results revealed that 55.2% of gonorrhea patients aged ≤40 years had temporary sexual behavior, 53.1% of whom had the most recent sexual intercourse were temporary sexual partners, and 53.1% were male (OR=3.765, 95%CI=1.259~11.253, P=0.018), single (OR=3.141, 95%CI=1.589~6.208, P=0.001), multiple sexual partners (≥2 persons)within the past month (OR=4.119,95%CI=1.829~9.278, P=0.001) , which were identified as the major significant risk factors for temporary sexual behavior.
Conclusion: Temporary sexual behavior infection of gonorrhea patients is mainly associated with high-risk behaviors including unprotected sexual behavior and multiple sexual partners. For effective intervention and prevention, sexual education such as safe sex measurements and healthy sexual behaviors and be adopted by STD clinics and general public advocacy.
Keratome, a Better Alternative Scalpel to No. 15 Blade for Finer Incision—Randomized Control Trial
Authors: Mohan Amitabh , Rangwala Murtuza , Boringwala Abdul Q. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background Scalpel is the most common and oldest instrument used by surgeons for incision and to perform the surgery. A lot of improvement has occurred in the design of scalpel from the flint knife to the modern Bard-Parker handle with blades. The quest for improvement and finding a better instrument is neverending. In this study, we present an alternative scalpel to the no. 15 blade most commonly used by plastic surgeons.
Material and Methods Consultants and residents in plastic surgery department used a no.15 blade and a 15-degree straight keratome on randomly selected patients and used subjective numerical rating scale to assess the ease of incision and dissection. The data were collected and statistically analyzed.
Results In this study, 89 patients were included out of which 68 cases were operated by the consultants and 21 cases were operated by residents. The average score of ease of incision using a no. 15 blade by the consultants was 6.52 and by the residents was 6.125. The average score of ease of incision using a 15-degree straight keratome by the consultants was 8.74 and by the residents was 8.84. p-Value was statistically significant when no. 15 blades and 15-degree straight keratome were compared.
Conclusion 15-degree straight keratome is an excellent scalpel that can be used in preference to no. 15 blade as it is difficult to use.
Role of Preoperative Skin Stretching in Single-Stage Wound Closure
Authors: Kumar Anchit , Kumar Naveen , Jha Manoj K. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background Mechanical skin stretching (SS) is now becoming one of the commonly sought after procedures for wound healing. This study was aimed to assess the efficacy of preoperative SS for the closure of large wounds and to evaluate various postoperative outcome parameters.
Methodology An observational study was conducted from December 2017 to May 2019 where a sample size of 30 patients was included with inclusion criteria being wounds of ≥5 cm width that require surgical management, presence of sufficient healthy skin edge of the wound/scar (at least one) for the stretching procedure, and age between 18 and 70 years. SS devices used were the top closure tension relief system. Postoperatively, various parameters were recorded to evaluate outcomes and complications.
Results Majority of wounds that is 16 (53.3%) were <50 cm2, 9 (30%) were between 50 and 75 cm2, and 5 (16.7%) were >75 cm2. The mean duration of stretch was 2.3 ± 0.82 weeks. For 30 wounds treated with staged cycles of wound closure, there was a significant difference between every two visit points, i.e., 10%. The mean patient-reported patient and observer scar assessment scale score was 3.5 ± 0.93. Twenty-five cases (83.3%) had uneventful postoperative recovery. Twenty-seven patients (90%) reported an improved aesthetic outcome. Fourteen patients (46.7%) reported some improvement in function.
Conclusion The study concluded that the SS devices are the simple and effective method for the primary closure of large and challenging wounds and skin defects.
Motivated fictionality: Worldbuilding and The Thousand and One Nights
Authors: Soltan Meriam 
Published: October 2022

AbstractInundated with visions of domed desert kingdoms, tyrant kings, flying carpets, and shapeshifting jinn, the visual vocabulary that has come to be associated with The Thousand and One Nights can be traced back to the earliest illustrated translations of the stories, one of the first of which was British orientalist Edward Lane’s three volume edition published between 1839–41. Interspersed with the 635 woodcut prints designed for the edition by illustrator William Harvey, this version developed an identity for the Nights rooted in ethnographically realist art and annotation. Since much of Lane’s own travel research was folded into the Nights through choice commentary and renderings, key illustrations are closely read here as having channeled the translator’s own scholarly motivations into the world of the stories. Embraced not just as a work of storytelling, but also of worldbuilding, the Nights are positioned in this essay as a world ripe with and receptive to interventions where the work of writing and visualizing fiction is indivisible from the construction and perception of reality.
Toward morphologically induced anisotropy in thermally hysteretic dielectric properties of vanadium dioxide
Authors: Mackay Tom G. , Lakhtakia Akhlesh 
Published: October 2022

The Bruggeman homogenization formalism was used to numerically investigate the dielectric properties of a columnar thin film (CTF) made from vanadium dioxide. For visible and near-infrared wavelengths, the CTF is electromagnetically equivalent to a homogeneous orthorhombic material. Over the 58–72 °C temperature range, the eigenvalues of the CTF’s relative permittivity dyadic are highly sensitive to temperature and vary according to whether the CTF is being heated or cooled. The anisotropy revealed through the eigenvalues and the anisotropy of the associated hysteresis were investigated in relation to temperature for CTFs of different porosities and columnar cross sections. When the free-space wavelength is 800 nm, the CTF is a dissipative dielectric material that exhibits temperature-dependent anisotropy and anisotropic hysteresis. In contrast, when the free-space wavelength is 1550 nm, the CTF can be a dissipative dielectric material, a hyperbolic material, or a metal-like material, depending on the temperature and the porosity of the CTF. As the porosity of the CTF decreases from 0.55 to 0.3, the anisotropy of the CTF becomes more pronounced, as does the anisotropy of the hysteresis. Only relatively modest variations in anisotropy and hysteresis arise in response to varying the columnar cross-sectional shape, as compared to the variations induced by varying the porosity.
Maidin Cornwall
Authors: Sandow Rhys J. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWhile the research literature on regional dialect levelling is substantial (e.g.Williams and Kerswill 1999;Britain 2002;Watt 2002;Jansen 2019), this process is under-explored and under-theorised when it comes to patterns of lexical usage. Usingmaidas a case-study, in this article I provide a detailed account of processes of lexical levelling in Cornwall. I consider the usage ofmaidfrom two perspectives, that of onomasiology and semasiology. From an onomasiological perspective,maid, as a variant of the conceptwoman, exhibits socio-stylistic reallocation, with attested usages ofmaidin this study being limited to older speakers in careful speech styles. From a semasiological perspective, two senses ofmaid, ‘woman’ and ‘female servant or attendant’, have undergone structural reallocation in apparent-time withmaid‘woman’ being the prototypical sense for older speakers but a more peripheral sense for their younger counterparts.
Paralanguage and ad hoc concepts
Authors: Padilla Cruz Manuel 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Ad hoc concept construction is regarded as a case of free pragmatic enrichment, so it is presented as a non-linguistically mandated process that is automatically accomplished during mutual parallel adjustment. Recent research suggests that this lexical pragmatic process may be marked and steered by various linguistic elements. These include evaluative morphemes, lexical and phrasal items adjacent to content words, and stylistic resources like repetition or rewording. This paper argues that paralanguage may fulfil a similar enacting function and finetune the conceptual representations arising from content words on the grounds of idiosyncratic, context-dependent features or shades, as well as propositional and non-propositional information about the speaker’s psychological states. However, the paper restricts this function to expressive interjections, prosodic inputs like pitch, contrastive stress and pace or tempo, and gestural inputs such as language-like gestures, pantomimes and emblems. Conative interjections, intonation and proper gesticulation would be excluded from contributing to lexical pragmatic processes.
Emission of high-energy alpha particles in nuclear reactions of 48Ca and 56Fe ions on 181Ta and 238U targets
Authors: Penionzhkevich Yu. E. , Samarin V. V. , Lukyanov S. M. , Maslov V. A. , Naumenko M. A. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The results of experiments on measuring the energy spectra of alpha particles in reactions with heavy ions are presented. The measurements were performed using the high-resolution magnetic analyzer MAVR with beams of 48Ca (280 MeV) and 56Fe (320 and 400 MeV) on 181Ta and 238U targets at an angle of 0°. A strong dependence of the double differential cross sections for production of alpha particles on the atomic number of the target nucleus was observed, which indicates that fast alpha particles are mainly emitted from the target nucleus; this conclusion was also confirmed by calculations within the time-dependent Schrödinger equation approach. An analysis of the obtained experimental data was carried out within the model of moving sources modified to consider the kinematic limits for two-body and three-body exit channels.