bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound–Derived Kidney Cortical Microvascular Perfusion with Kidney Function
Authors: Srivastava Anand , Sridharan Anush , Walmer Rachel W. , Kasoji Sandeep K. , Burke Lauren M.B. , Dayton Paul A. , Johnson Kennita A. , Chang Emily H. 
Published: January 2022

Background
Individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have decreased kidney cortical microvascular perfusion, which may lead to worsening kidney function over time, but methods to quantify kidney cortical microvascular perfusion are not feasible to incorporate into clinical practice. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) may quantify kidney cortical microvascular perfusion, which requires further investigation in individuals across the spectrum of kidney function.

Methods
We performed CEUS on a native kidney of 83 individuals across the spectrum of kidney function and calculated quantitative CEUS-derived kidney cortical microvascular perfusion biomarkers. Participants had a continuous infusion of the microbubble contrast agent (Definity) with a flash-replenishment sequence during their CEUS scan. Lower values of the microbubble velocity (β) and perfusion index (β×A) may represent lower kidney cortical microvascular perfusion. Multivariable linear regression models tested the associations of the microbubble velocity (β) and perfusion index (β×A) with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR).

Results
Thirty-eight individuals with CKD (mean age±SD 65.2±12.6 years, median [IQR] eGFR 31.5 [18.9–41.5] ml/min per 1.73 m2), 37 individuals with end stage kidney disease (ESKD; age 54.8±12.3 years), and eight healthy volunteers (age 44.1±15.0 years, eGFR 117 [106–120] ml/min per 1.73 m2) underwent CEUS without side effects. Individuals with ESKD had the lowest microbubble velocity (β) and perfusion index (β×A) compared with individuals with CKD and healthy volunteers. The microbubble velocity (β) and perfusion index (β×A) had moderate positive correlations with eGFR (β: r
s=0.44, P<0.001; β×A: r
s=0.50, P<0.001). After multivariable adjustment, microbubble velocity (β) and perfusion index (β×A) remained significantly associated with eGFR (change in natural log transformed eGFR per 1 unit increase in natural log transformed biomarker: β, 0.38 [95%, CI 0.17 to 0.59]; β×A, 0.79 [95% CI, 0.45 to 1.13]).

Conclusions
CEUS-derived kidney cortical microvascular perfusion biomarkers are associated with eGFR. Future studies are needed to determine if CEUS-derived kidney cortical microvascular perfusion biomarkers have prognostic value.
IMPLEMENTASI UNDANG-UNDANG ASN DALAM TAHAPAN PILKADA KABUPATEN TUBAN TAHUN 2020
Authors: Utomo Sutrisno Puji 
Published: January 2022

Tujuan penulisan ini untuk: Menjelaskan kajian hukum atas Implementasi Undang-undang Nomor 5 Tahun 2014 tentang Aparatur Sipil Negara (ASN) dalam tahapan pemilihan kepala daerah Kabupaten Tuban. Penelitian ini termasuk jenis penelitian kualitatif. penelitian ini menekankan pada institusi penyelenggara Pemilu, maka pendekatan utama yang digunakan adalah pendekatan jaringan kelembagaan kepada Bawaslu yaitu melalui pendekatan undang-undang dan pendekatan konseptual. Sedangkan bahan hukumnya menggunakan undang-undang terkait dengan pemilu serta turunan di bawahnya yaitu peraturan bawaslu dalam menangani pelanggaran pemilu. Perwujudan netralitas Aparatur Sipil Negara dalam Pilkada dapat dilakukan dengan melibatkan secara optimal beberapa institusi terkait, di antaranya Komisi Aparatur Sipil Negara (KASN),Pimpinan Birokrasi, Inspektorat Daerah, dan Badan Kepegawaian Daerah, Komisi Pemilihan Umum (KPU) dan Badan Pengawas Pemilihan Umum (BAWASLU). Hasil penelitian ini dapat dijelaskan dalam konteks Pilkada Kabupaten Tuban atas penyelesaian hukum temuan pelanggaran pada tahapan pilkada oleh ASN, Bawaslu Kabupaten Tuban selanjutnya mengirimkan hasil kajian dan temuan tersebut ke Komisi Aparatur Sipil Negara dan oleh lembaga tersebut diterbitkanya berupa surat rekomendasi peringatan terhadap calon tersebut.
Mysticism and Spiritual Problems in William Golding’s «Darknes Visible»
Authors: Shanina Yulia 
Published: January 2022

The article is devoted to the study of William Golding’s «Darkness Visi-
ble» (1979) within the context of mysticism as the way of conceiving the world,
which is based on the idea of supernatural, mysterious foundation of existence
and connected with the search for the forms of divine identity. The purpose of the
work is to determine the forms in the representation of mystic traditions and its’
function in solving main questions set by the author.
The comprehensive analysis of the novel’s structure shows that its plot has a
mystic meaning. Due to the quotation namings, numerous allusions in «Darkness
Visible» resembles books conceived as the prophecies. The role of modern mystic is
played by Matty, one of Golding’s heroes, who has theophany experience.
The model of the world, created by Golding, is founded on the mystic sym-
bols and motifs, that are compiled on the principles of binarity and trinity. It re-
flects the author’s idea of the spiritual background of existence, supporting unity
and balance of the world in the situation of entropy. In that way, Golding’s appeal
to mystic traditions is caused by searching alternative ways to resolve contradic-
tions that become prominent in the postmodern era.
Optimalisasi Peran Posyandu dalam Pencegahan Stunting di Era Pandemi Covid-19 di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Pakem, Sleman, D.I Yogyakarta
Authors: Rahmuniyati Merita Eka 
Published: January 2022

Stunting merupakan salah satu permasalahan gizi di Indonesia. Stunting berhubungan dengan ketidakcukupan zat gizi masa lalu yang bersifat kronis. Riskesdas (2018) menunjukkan prevalensi stunting sebesar 30,8%. Deteksi dini seperti pemantauan pertumbuhan rutin di fasilitas kesehatan penting dalam mencegah terjadinya malnutrisi pada anak, salah satunya melalui posyandu. Posyandu yang aktif dapat mempercepat penurunan stunting melalui program di posyandu dengan menyesuaikan masa pandemi Covid-19 yang terjadi saat ini. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk melihat gambaran bagaimana peran posyandu dalam pencegahan stunting secara optimal di era pandemi Covid-19 di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Pakem, Sleman, D.I Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, dengan lokasi penelitian di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Pakem. Pengumpulan data dengan wawancara mendalam kepada 10 informan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan posyandu sebagai garda terdepan dalam skrining balita stunting. Program posyandu dalam mencegah stunting di era pandemi ini sudah dilakukan, seperti apabila posyandu sedang tidak aktif karena angka Covid-19 naik, kader membuat grup di media sosial dan kader berkeliling melakukan penimbangan ke rumah balita, pelaporan tinggi badan dan berat badan balita melalui chat di media sosial grup, peningkatan kapasitas kader melalui workshop, penyuluhan peningkatan pengetahuan kader, pembentukan kader ayah, penelusuran balita stunting dan membuat rujukan apabila ada kasus, edukasi bagi ibu dan keluarga balita stunting. Namun masih ada program yang belum optimal di era pandemi Covid-19 ini yakni (1) Pembentukan kader ayah belum diterapkan di semua dusun, (2) Pengadaan alat kesehatan terutama infantometer untuk pengukuran panjang badan bayi masih belum tersedia di beberapa dusun, dan (3) Pelatihan pemberian makan pada bayi dan anak (PMBA) untuk per individu kader, bukan hanya perwakilan dari kader saja, serta (4) Pelatihan pengukuran antropometri untuk kader.
Hubungan Pengetahuan dan Sikap terhadap Protokol Kesehatan dengan Perilaku Pencegahan Penularan COVID-19 Siswa SMA Negeri 1 Plampang, Sumbawa Besar Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat
Authors: Septianingsih Febby , Rusyani Yelli Yani , Sahayati Sri 
Published: January 2022

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Covid-19) merupakan jenis penyakit baru yang ditemukan pada bulan Desember 2019 di Wuhan China. Covid-19 pertama dilaporkan di Indonesia pada tanggal 2 Maret tahun 2020 dengan jumlah dua kasus terkonfirmasi positif Covid-19. Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat merupakan salah satu provinsi yang terdampak Covid-19. SMA Negeri 1 Plampang berlokasi di Kecamatan Plampang Sumbawa Besar yang termasuk zona merah. Pengetahuan tentang Covid-19 sangat diperlukan untuk perilaku pencegahan Covid-19. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan dan sikap terhadap protokol kesehatan dengan perilaku pencegahan penularan Covid-19 siswa SMA Negeri 1 Plampang, Sumbawa Besar, Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat. Penelitian ini merupakan studi penelitian analitik dengan desain penelitian cross sectional. Sampel diambil dengan menggunakan metode Quota sampling. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan kuesioner yang dibagikan melalui Grup Whatsapp. Uji yang digunakan adalah Chi-square test dengan Confident Interval 95% (α= 0,05). Hasil analisis menunjukkan sebanyak 74 (52.5%) siswa memiliki pengetahuan kurang tentang Covid-19. Sikap siswa pada kategori tidak mendukung terhadap protokol kesehatan sebanyak 88 (62.4%), dan 72 (51.1%) siswa berperilaku negatif dalam pencegahan penularan Covid-19. Ada hubungan yang signifikan antara pengetahuan siswa SMA Negeri 1 Plampang tentang Covid-19 dengan perilaku pencegahan penularan Covid-19. Ada hubungan yang signifikan antara sikap siswa SMA Negeri 1 Plampang terhadap Covid-19 dengan perilaku pencegahan penularan Covid-19. Ada hubungan yang signifikan antara pengetahuan siswa SMA Negeri 1 Plampang tentang Covid-19 dengan perilaku pencegahan penularan Covid-19. Ada hubungan signifikan antara sikap siswa SMA Negeri 1 Plampang terhadap protokol kesehatan dengan perilaku pencegahan penularan Covid-19.
Relationship Between Physical Activity and Sedentarily Activity with Nutritional Status for Adults 20-39 years old in Malang
Authors: Khakim Muhammad Irfan , Indria Dewi Martha , Adiputra Fancy Brahma 
Published: January 2022

Nutritional problems are a public health problem that has been addressed as a global problem due to changes in lifestyle, such as decreased physical activity and the occurrence of a sedentary lifestyle. This study aimed to determine the relationship between physical activity and a sedentary lifestyle with adult nutritional status based on Body Mass Index. Analytical Observational Research with a cross-sectional approach on 380 adults aged 20-39 years in Malang City was conducted using the Global Physical Activity questionnaire and the Sedentary Behaviour Questionnaire. Bodyweight and height were measured as primary data. The levels of physical activity were low, medium, and high. Meanwhile, a sedentary lifestyle is divided into low, medium, and high categories. The nutritional status is measured with Body Mass Index (BMI). Data were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis and Somers'D with a value of < 0.05 considered significant. The results showed the relationship between physical activity and nutritional status with a probability value of Sig = 0.002. The relationship between a sedentary lifestyle and nutritional status showed a probability value of Sig = 0.000. It indicates a significant relationship between physical activity and a sedentary lifestyle with adult nutritional status in Malang City. The correlation test results using Somer's D showed that the strength of the relationship between variables was very weak. There was a significant relationship between physical activity and a sedentary lifestyle with the nutritional status of adults in Malang City.
EDUKASI DAN DETEKSI DINI ANEMIA PADA SISWI SMA DI KECAMATAN MEDANG DERAS KABUPATEN BATUBARA
Authors: Hastuty Yulina Dwi , Irianti Evi , Simatupang Melva 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Anemia merupakan masalah kesehatan yang sering dialami oleh seorang wanita termasuk remaja putri. Dampak anemia pada remaja cukup besar bahkan dapat mempengaruhi proses tumbuh kembang, kecerdasan juga sistem reproduksi. Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian masyakat ini untuk mendeteksi dan meningkatkan pemahaman siswi tentang anemia.Metode: Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini dilaksanakan melalui kegiatan penyuluhan dan pemeriksaan kadar Haemoglobin pada siswi SMA di kecamatan Medang Deras Kabupaten Batubara Sumut. Jumlah siswi yang mengikuti kegiatan penyuluhan dan pemeriksaan HB sebanyak 215 orangHasil: Terdeteksinya kadar Hb siswi yang anemia dan bertambahnya pengetahuan siswi setelah diberikan penyuluhan. Hal ini terlihat dari peningkatan rata-rata hasil pre test dan post test dari 5,68 menjadi 11,05.Kesimpulan: anemia pada remaja khususnya siswi di SMA Medang Deras dapat terdeteksi secara dini, selain itu upaya pencegahan dapat dilakukan dengan adanya peningkatan pengetahuan siswi melalui penyuluhan
ABSTRACTBackground: Anemia is a health problem that is often experienced by women, including young women. The impact of anemia on adolescents is quite large and can even affect the process of growth and development, intelligence and the reproductive system. The purpose of this community service activity is to detect and improve students' understanding of anemia.Method: This community service activity is carried out through outreach activities and examination of hemoglobin levels in high school students in the Medang Deras sub-district, Batubara Regency, North Sumatra. The number of students who took part in HB counseling and examination activities was 215 peopleResults: Detection of anemic student Hb levels and increase in student knowledge after being given counseling. This can be seen from the increase in the average pre-test and post-test results from 5.68 to 11.05.Conclusion: Anemia in adolescents, especially students at SMA Medang Deras can be detected early, in addition to prevention efforts can be done by increasing the knowledge of students through counseling
EFEKTIVITAS AROMATERAPI PEPPERMINT DAN PEMBERIAN SARI JAHE PADA MUAL MUNTAH IBU HAMIL DI PMB SITI JULAEHA PEKANBARU
Authors: Vitriani Okta , Alyensi Fatiyani , Susanti Ari 
Published: January 2022

ABSTRAK
Angka kejadian mual muntah masih cukup tinggi, hampir 80%. Gejala yang dialami dari ringan sampai dengan berat hingga muntah hebat yang memerluan rawat inap dan apabila terjadi terus menerus dapat menyebabkan depresi bahkan sampai ingin mengakhiri kehamilannya. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui perbandingan efektivitas aromaterapi peppermint dan sari jahe terhadap mual muntah pada ibu hamil trimester 1. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah quasy eksperiment dengan desain penelitian two-groups pre test- post-test design. Penelitian dilaksanakan di PMB Siti Julaeha Pekanbaru pada bulan September sampai dengan November 2020 dengan sampel adalah ibu hamil trimester I sebanyak 30 orang, yaitu 15 orang untuk perlakuan pepermin dan 15 orang untuk perlakuan jahe. Analiasa data dengan uji T. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sari jahe lebih efektif terhadap mual muntah dibandingkan dengan pemberian aromaterapi peppermint (p Value 0,001). Studi penemuan dosis menggunakan ekstrak standar yang bervariasi juga harus dilakukan untuk menentukan dosis efektif dan persiapan jahe secara akurat. Hasil dari penelitian ini dapat digunakan untuk mengoptimalkan desain uji klinis untuk meningkatkan kemanjuran jahe dalam mual dan muntah.
ANALISIS FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KEJADIAN POST PARTUM BLUES
Authors: Harianis Sandra , Sari Nurul Indah 
Published: January 2022

Depression is a common disorder in women of childbearing age. Many women experience depressive symptoms during the postpartum period, ranging from mild postpartum blues to significant mood disorders such as postpartum depression and postpartum psychosis. The ‘postpartum blues‘ are extremely common, affecting 30-75% of new mothers. This form of postpartum mood change is self-limited and requires no specific treatment other than education and support. The aim of this study is to determine analysis risk factors incidence of postpartum blues in Perumnas Public Health Center of Rejang Lebong District. This study used the observational approach with a cross-sectional design. Samples in this study were 73 people used screening instrument of Edinburg Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). This study was conducted in Tembilahan Hulu and Gajah Mada Public Health Center in March-April 2021. Data obtained with instrument test and observation sheet. Data analysis used the Chi-Square test (X2. The results of the analysis showed that there was a correlation between postnatal health education provided by health workers (p=0.001, CI 3.225 – 50.404, OR 12.750) and family involvement in taking care of the baby (p=0.003, CI 2.020 – 32.594, OR 8.114) with the incidence of postpartum blues. Meanwhile, pregnancy plans (p=0.736) and delivery complications (p=0.969) based on statistical tests did not have a significant correlation. Social support, information and assistance from health workers are needed for mothers who experience the postpartum blues and screening for the postpartum blues is carried out before the mother is allowed to go home for postpartum care at home
Source of Bleeding and Per-Operative Findings in Extradural Hematoma (EDH):	A Three-Year Experience in a Teaching Institute
Authors: Amir Sohail , Urrehman Riaz , Ayub Shahid , Numan Muhammad Ali 
Published: January 2022

Objective: The objective of this study was to analyze the main source of bleeding and operative findings in an extradural hematoma (EDH).
Material and Methods: A descriptive study was conducted at the Neurosurgery Department of Hayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar from March 2017 to April 2020.The study included 550 patients that met the criteria of inclusion well. Demographic profile, location of Extra-Dural hematoma, the source of bleeding, presence or absence of skull fracture and per operative findings were documented in structured proforma.
Results: 69% were male and 31% were female patients. The middle age group of 21 – 40 years mostly affected. Rupture or laceration of middle meningeal artery was the communal source of bleeding in 355 (64.5%) patients, followed by fracture bone in 285 (51.8%) of patients and dural venous sinus in 70 (12.7%) of patients. Preoperative findings in our study were linear skull fracture in 250 (45.4.0%), underlying contusion in 165 (30%), and contralateral hematoma in 70 (12.7%) of cases.
Conclusion: Rupture or laceration of a Middle meningeal artery (MMA) was the most communal source of bleeding in extradural hematoma. Therefore, per-operative cauterization of this vessel is important to prevent the chances of re-bleed and re-do surgeries.
Role of Dexamethasone in Recurrent and Residual Chronic Subdural Hematoma
Authors: Shah Syed Aamir , Mallah Fahmida Arab , Razaque Mari Abdul , Mirbaher Imran , Sheikh Hamid Akbar , Dilbar Muzmil 
Published: January 2022

Objectives: To assess the effectiveness of dexamethasone in recurrent and residual chronic subdural hematoma as a monotherapy.
Material and Methods: A prospective Quasi-Experimental study was conducted at the Neurosurgery Department, Peoples Medical College Hospital, Nawabshah from July 2014 to June 2020.Patients were assessed by Markwalder’s neurological grading and intravenous dexamethasone was used as monotherapy and effects were monitored.
Results: Out of 280 patients100 patients had recurrent and 180 patients had a residual chronic subdural hematoma. Male n = 180, female n = 100 with male to female ratio 1.8:1. Patients with Markwalder Grade 0, 1, and 2 were included and Grade 3 & 4 with marked midline shift on plain Computed tomographic scan brain were excluded. Intravenous dexamethasone of 12 mg in three divided doses for 24 hours given for first 2 weeks then shifted on oral dexamethasone and gradually tapered in next 2 weeks. During this period patient was evaluated for fluctuation in blood sugar or epigastric pain. Serial follow-up of patient was done, 16.07% improved from Markwalder Grade – 2 to 0, Markwalder Grade 1 to 0 in 12.14%. Complete resolution of hematoma occurred in 53.57%. Radiological deterioration with increased volume of hematoma in n = 40 and worsening to Markwalder Grad – 3 n = 15 and Grade – 4 n = 25. Death in n = 11.
Conclusion: Monotherapy with dexamethasone in recurrent and residual chronic Subdural Hematoma results in clinical improvement and reduces the rate of re-operation.
Common Histopathological spectrum of Posterior Fossa Tumors in Pediatric Age Group
Authors: Ahmad Ayaz , Khan Mushtaq , Amir Sohail 
Published: January 2022

Objective: To know about the common posterior fossa tumors in the pediatric age group on basis of Histopathology in Neurosurgery Department, Hayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar.
Material and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the department of MTI Hayatabad medical complex Peshawar from January 2017 to January 2020. We included a total of 52 patients who operated for posterior fossa tumors and biopsy reports were observed to know the histological pattern of the tumor. We included all those patients who have posterior fossa tumors except those tumors which involved or arise from brain stem and infections. The data was collected and analyzed using SPSS version 21.
Results: Our study shows that the mean age was 6 years with a standard deviation ± 2.81. Fifty-eight percent of children were male and 42% of children were female. Histopathologic patterns were analyzed as 48% of children had Medulloblastoma, 25% of children had Astrocytoma, 19% of children had Ependymoma, 8% of patients had other histopathologic patterns.
Conclusion: Our study concludes that common histopathologic patterns of posterior fossa tumors in children were medulloblastoma (48%), Astrocytoma (25%), ependymoma (19%) respectively.
Anosmia in Parkinson’s Disease in Pakistan: A Matched Case – Control Study
Authors: Mukhtar Shahid , Wadd Ijaz Hussain , Haider Arsalan , Zaheer Mohsin , Imran Rashid 
Published: January 2022

Objective: To assess olfactory dysfunction in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients in Pakistan utilizing an autochthonous smell test.
Setting: Tertiary care center, single-center study.
Materials and Methods: Eighty-seven non-demented patients with PD, who fulfilled Queen Square Brain Bank Criteria were enrolled at the Movement Disorder Clinic, Lahore General Hospital (LGH), Lahore. Fifty-eight controls matched by gender, age, and place of residence were enrolled among patients and visitors attending other hospital clinics. Both groups underwent olfactory testing using the Pakistani Smell Identification test (PKSIT). The participants were required to identify the smell from a set of choices and were scored out of 10.
Results: Among patients in the study group, the mean duration of disease was 4.7 years (range 6 months to 19 years). The PD onset mean age was 52.15 ± 13.02 years among patients. The mean number of smell test items accurately recognized by the PD patients was 4.55 ± 2.4. A multiple linear regression demonstrated that age (P < 0.05) but not disease duration (P = 0.899) was a significant determinant of the smell test result in PD and control groups. The mean number of smell test items appropriately recognized by the controls was 7.33 ± 1.69. Logistic regression showed that the PKSIT had 73.2% sensitivity and 84.3% specificity to distinguish PD from control.
Conclusion: PKSIT being easily available, cheap, and more convenient to use in the Pakistani population, can be used in the evaluation of olfactory dysfunction in PD subjects.