bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cities, Federalism, and Criminal Law Reform
Authors: Partlett William 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Federal states are grounded on the idea that decentralization yields important advantages. Federations, however, frequently ignore these built-in advantages when reforming criminal justice systems. This is a mistake: federalism’s diffusion of power can make criminal justice systems fairer and more effective. This chapter will argue that empowering cities can help to introduce the benefits of federalism to criminal law reform. In particular, urban accountability mechanisms—many of which already exist—provide cities with mechanisms for understanding, debating, and holding accountable the use of discretion by police and prosecutors. Expanding the reach and scope of these urban accountability mechanisms will improve trust between executive law enforcement and the urban community and help to ensure a fairer and more effective criminal justice system.
Privacy and the City
Authors: Petkova Bilyana 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Privacy is a distinguishing feature of large, cosmopolitan cities whose rising economic and political power calls for new understanding of federalism in the digital age. This chapter explores how the empirically studied link between privacy and big cities translates into a normative commitment to diversity and receives legal expression in varying privacy protections across North-American and European cities. The examples the chapter focuses on are taken from the context of census data, the Equifax credit score, and Facebook data breaches as well as public–private agreements between administrative agencies, and between the public and private sector in the provision of broadband internet, in the shared economy, and in mega smart city projects. The complex picture that emerges from this analysis shows how cities undertake two distinctive roles that might come into conflict: that of privacy activists and of data stewards. As privacy activists, city attorney generals, particularly in the United States, litigate against the state to protect the personal information of vulnerable migrant city dwellers but are also on the forefront of litigation against private companies that might compromise privacy. Publicly spirited, such action on behalf of various cities is not devoid of commercial interest in the face of growing demand for urban infrastructure. As data stewards however, cities might sidestep the public interest altogether—as arguably happened in the case of Toronto Waterfront in Canada and in Barcelona, Spain where rhetoric prevailed over action. This chapter argues that to optimize data privacy but also data sharing in the public interest constitutional recognition for city power should come with the reckoning of the legal mechanism of data trusts as an independent broker between the City and its urban dwellers.
Kant's Grounded Cosmopolitanism
Authors: Huber Jakob 
Published: December 2022

AbstractTwo kinds of cosmopolitan vision are typically associated with Kant’s practical philosophy: on the one hand, the ideal of a universal moral community of rational agents who constitute a ‘kingdom of ends’ qua shared humanity. On the other hand, the ideal of a distinctly political community of ‘world citizens’ who share membership in some kind of global polity. This book introduces a novel account of Kant’s global thinking, one that has hitherto largely been overlooked: a grounded cosmopolitanism concerned with spelling out the normative implications of the fact that a plurality of corporeal agents concurrently inhabit the earth’s spherical surface. It is neither concerned with a community of shared humanity in the abstract, nor of shared citizenship, but with a ‘disjunctive’ community of earth dwellers, that is, embodied agents in direct physical confrontation with each other. Kant’s grounded cosmopolitanism as laid out in the Doctrine of Right frames the question how individuals relate to one another globally by virtue of concurrent existence and derives from this a specific set of constraints on cross-border interactions.
Introduction
Authors: Huber Jakob 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn addition to summarising the book’s main themes as described, the Introduction gives an overview of recent work on Kant’s mature political thought. In particular, it sets the stage for the book’s interpretive project by reconstructing two predominant interpretive trends: the increasing focus on the Doctrine of Right’s famous property argument and the attendant duty to enter the state, on the one hand, and efforts to investigate Kant’s rationale for commending a specific set of cosmopolitan institutions (e.g., a voluntary, noncoercive league of states) as opposed to alternative ones, on the other. The book sets out to leave both paradigms behind in order to bring into view a much less familiar strand of argument that I introduce as Kant’s grounded cosmopolitanism. The Introduction also lays out the book’s methodological commitments, arguing that in-depth interpretive work in the history of philosophy can help us to get a new perspective on our own philosophical concerns, and be it by virtue of coming to appreciate an entirely different way of approaching the pertinent questions.
The Right to be Somewhere
Authors: Huber Jakob 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis chapter lays the groundwork for my account of Kant’s grounded cosmopolitanism through a close analysis of § 13 of the Doctrine of Right. Against the widespread tendency to absorb the relevant passage into the property argument, it argues that it articulates a distinct thought concerned with the relation between physical beings that act and affect one another in virtue of inhabiting the particular, limited space of the earth’s circumference. As a first step to make good on what is introduced as the argument from earth dwellership, the chapter casts doubt upon the assumption that the ‘right to be somewhere’ is analytically contained in the innate right of humanity. Simply by virtue of (unavoidably) claiming a place for ourselves as we come into the world as corporeal agents, we find ourselves in a distinct kind of spatially mediated interdependence relation with everyone else globally.
Constitutional Pluralism as a Normative Theory
Authors: Bobić Ana 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In this chapter, it is demonstrated that constitutional pluralism has a strong normative core, ensuring that the essential values shared by all Member States and the European Union itself are preserved in the pluralist framework. The normative core that is shared by all participants of the system is codified in Article 2 TEU, representing the minimum requirements for Union membership. In addition, constitutional pluralism as a theory embraces constitutional conflict, which is not a bug, but an important feature of the system. The emergence of constitutional conflict in this constellation is a regular and desirable feature of the system that promotes an interactive development of law and puts in place checks and balances between different sites of constitutional authority. The chapter further distinguishes between constructive and destructive constitutional conflict in the jurisprudence of the courts under analysis. When constitutional conflict entails a breach of the basic values in Article 2 TEU and lacks any trace of sincere cooperation and mutual respect, we are speaking of destructive conflict that can only be resolved by both political and legal means. These categories serve to assess the normative operation of constitutional pluralism. The descriptive and normative prima facie assumptions of constitutional pluralism are tested in full detail in the case studies in Chapters 2 to 4.
Three Lessons and a Warning
Authors: Bobić Ana 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The final chapter provides a summary of three lessons from the book and a final warning for future analyses of constitutional conflict in the European Union. The three lessons should guide our understanding and analysis of the jurisprudence of constitutional conflict: first, it is nuanced, second, the jurisprudence and the courts involved are permanently interconnected, and finally, the conflicts taking place should always be analysed taking into account their delicate nature. The book thus ends with a warning to maintain a level-headed approach that does not blow individual instances of conflict out of proportions, but rather ensures that conflict is addressed in its full nuance, taking into account its interconnectedness to the European judicial space and the delicateness of its emergence.
Trade Wars
Authors: Oermann Nils Ole , Wolff Hans-Jürgen 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe book analyses the causes and instruments of armed and non-armed international trade conflicts since about 1500. It defines economic sanctions, trade war, and three types of economic warfare. It probes into their history, ethics, economic driving forces, and legality under current rules. It explains the economics of trade, and outlines trade and financial policy since the nineteenth century. It examines the effectiveness of sanctions and winnability of trade wars. It describes the increased dynamics of economic warfare since 1989, namely in cyberspace and in the world financial system, and shows how China’s rise challenges Western democracies. It pleads for improved Western economic statecraft, a determined overhaul of the Western model, and confident perseverance in the ongoing comprehensive competition of political, economic, and social systems.
Structural Transformation and Inclusive Growth
Authors: Kim Kyunghoon , Mungsunti Arriya , Sumner Andy , Yusuf Arief 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
We consider the ‘developer’s dilemma’ and the relationship between manufacturing value-added or employment shares and trends in income inequality. In Indonesia, structural transformation was growth-enhancing and economic growth inclusive during the decades before the 1997–1998 Asian Financial Crisis. Since then, structural transformation has become notably less growth-enhancing and inclusive growth outcomes have been mixed. Indonesia’s structural transformation pattern has shifted from ‘upgrading industrialization’ before the crisis to ‘stalled industrialization’ afterwards. Both periods saw weak Kuznetsian tension, but patterns of structural transformation and inclusive growth beforehand were more ‘benign’ than patterns after the crisis. The government has adopted diverse social assistance programmes and industrial policies to tackle these twin development challenges. We discuss changes in the political economy of development policy-making since the crisis.
Inclusive Structural Transformation in India
Authors: Ray Saon , Kar Sabyasachi 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This chapter analyses the ‘developer’s dilemma’—the trade-off between the twin objectives of structural transformation and inclusive growth—as it manifested itself in post-independence India. We identify two distinct developmental episodes during this period and characterize them as ‘inclusion without growth’ and ‘growth without inclusion’, respectively. We argue that the trade-off in each of these episodes is explained by the political economy and the economic ideology during that period, which in turn, drive the economic policy regimes and economic performance. We draw a few conclusions. First, economic ideology played an important role in driving structural transformation in India. Second, structural transformation did not lead to manufacturing-based industrialization in India due to increasing political competition. Third, the lack of manufacturing growth exacerbated inequality and intensified the dilemma in the Indian context. Finally, we predict three alternative trajectories that structural transformation and inequality may take in future.
Adverse Political Settlements
Authors: Osei Robert Darko , Atta-Ankomah Richmond , Lambon-Quayefio Monica 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This study examines the structural transformation–inclusive growth nexus for Ghana. The data cover the post-independence period for Ghana and are phased into three periods: the post-independence period to the start of the economic recovery programme (ERP) and structural adjustment programme (SAP) (1957–1983), the ERP/SAP period to the start of oil production (1984–2010), and the start of oil production to date (2010–2017). The chapter finds that structural transformation has been generally weak and also associated with limited inclusive growth. In part, the legacy problem relating to political settlements, and with its roots in the immediate post-independence policies, has been important in shaping these outcomes. The chapter concludes by noting that there is potential for the country to move to a path where structural transformation will be more impactful for inclusive growth. However, the risk of adverse political settlements still mitigating this potential impact remains.
Structural Transformations and the Lack of Inclusive Growth
Authors: Solimano Andrés , Zapata-Román Gabriela 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This chapter describes the structural transformations that Chile has experienced over the past fifty years and how they have contributed, or not, to inclusive growth and genuine economic modernization from a historical perspective. The empirical analysis of the chapter shows a premature deindustrialization process since the 1970s, continuing to the present. We observe, in the transition from the import-substitution industrialization strategy to the outward-orientated neoliberal model of high inequality, a decline in the value-added shares of manufacturing and agriculture and a rise in services (mainly financial services, insurance, and real estate) with ups and downs in mining shares. These trends are more emphasized in employment shares, with the decline in relative employment generation in agriculture and manufacturing going directly to the services sector that now accounts for two-thirds of total employment in the economy. The trend of persistent deindustrialization and high inequality is worrisome and could negatively affect Chile’s ability to achieve structural transformations towards higher and more sophisticated levels of productive development and technological advancement.
The Borders of Sovereignty
Authors: Ramsay Peter 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This chapter argues that both the privatisation of immigration control and the criminalisation of breaches of immigration law arise from a decay of national sovereignty that is primarily endogenous to the nation state itself rather than being a consequence of any external force of globalisation. It reviews the normative debate about the privatisation of immigration control to demonstrate that privatisation is a domestic policy choice that facilitates an official effort to evade the political accountability through which the state’s sovereignty is constituted. The chapter goes on to show that the legal structure of ‘crimmigration’ offences is shared with a much larger category of pre-emptive offences. These offences serve to identify enemies of the legal order and in so doing institutionalise a novel condition of decayed political authority, referred to here as the ‘exceptionalisation of normality’. Crucially, these offences are found throughout the contemporary criminal law, mostly in areas with no connection to global labour flows, indicating that they target migrants as simply one among many, predominantly domestic, threats to a weakened state. The chapter concludes by arguing that the source of this endogenous weakening of sovereignty in the UK is to be found in the decay of almost all of its national political traditions and institutions.
Towards Legitimacy at the Border
Authors: Vasanthakumar Ashwini 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This chapter examines a key criticism of privatisation in border control: that private actors cannot legitimately enforce borders, particularly when doing so involves using coercion against individual migrants. This criticism often assumes that the state, by contrast, is a legitimate actor. The chapter explores what principles of legitimacy apply at the border in order to critically scrutinise this assumption of state legitimacy. Using recent accounts of global political legitimacy, it argues that enforcing borders against migrants requires that migrants have access to mechanisms of inclusion and accountability, absent which the state cannot be a legitimate enforcer of borders. Because border control is implemented by a complex combination of actors—states, private security corporations, and international organisations—there are several points at which mechanisms of voice and accountability can be made available to migrants. The chapter concludes with some reflections on these mechanisms.
The Digitalisation of Border Controls and their Corporate Actors
Authors: Bigo Didier 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The dematerialisation of physical borders via the digitisation of the process of control has changed the ways we understand international frontiers. Surveillance of the borders are now exercised at a distance, before individuals arrive. Even if most border guards insist that they have the ultimate (sovereign) right to decide who enters, the development of pre-check-in databases have de facto displaced the modalities of authentification and identification of travellers. This chapter depicts these changes, and shows how control is ‘distributed’ along the journeys of the passengers, and between many different actors, who are not all, by any means, public agents. The role of corporate actors are crucial.
Law, Capitalism, and the Function(s) of Work
Authors: Adams Zoe 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Chapter 2 distinguishes between different types of work depending on the function that they perform in the context of capital’s reproductive circuit, exploring how these functions are obscured, and with what implications, in the legal concept of work. It goes on to relate this discussion to law’s relationship with constitution and regulation, of time, showing how the law’s unique temporality itself impacts upon the way in which different activities—or uses of time—are conceptualized, evaluated, and experienced, and how this in turn shapes the way in which the class struggle, and thus capitalism, ultimately develops. The chapter then explores how different contractual arrangements, whether it be contracts commonly used for salaried professionals or zero-hours contracts, construct distinct temporalities, and how this relates to the imperatives of management and pressures towards work intensification and devaluation.
Creative WorkA History of Book Publishing
Authors: Adams Zoe 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Chapter 7 presents a case study of creative work through the lens of a history of the UK book publishing industry. The work that is central to this industry can be described as a form of immaterial labour which, while it participates in the production of commodities, poses particular challenges for capital because its unique use value lies in its ability to make meaning, to communicate with consumers, rather than to meet some physical or biological need. The immaterial nature of the product, and the peculiar nature of the production process, generates distinct challenges for employers, because it renders the work in question relatively unamenable to external management. This has influenced how the work has come to be organized, as well as how it has come to be regulated. Most specifically, it has tended to be excluded from the scope of statutory labour law, and so the function which we today attribute to labour law has come instead to be performed via alternative means, most specifically via copyright law. The chapter thus presents an analysis of the limits and potential of copyright law when it comes to mediating the contradictions inherent in work in capitalism as they manifest in the context of certain forms of creative work.
Psychology and Value in Ancient Greek Philosophy
Authors: Hampson Margaret 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Plato, Aristotle, and the Hellenistic schools each display an interest in the psychology of ethical subjects and our psychological engagement with sources of value. They ask, amongst other things, through what psychological capacities we engage with sources of value; how our capacities to so engage might best be developed; and how these capacities can be harnessed in such a way that we lead the best human life. This chapter examines some of the ways in which ancient thinkers understood our engagement with sources of value, from intellectual engagement to appetitive desire, from pleasure and pain as responses to value as well as ways of seeing something as valuable, to temporally remote forms of engagement via our capacities for memory and anticipation. It also highlights the particular contributions made by each of the papers and responses in this volume to our understanding of the psychology of value in ancient Greek ethics.
The Blind Desires of Republic IV
Authors: Evans Matthew 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
It seems clear that, according to Plato, all human motivation is fundamentally guided by, fixed upon, oriented toward, or connected to the good. But what exactly is the nature of this connection, as he sees it? One initially attractive reading holds that he sees it as a restriction on the contents of our desires: just as we must always perceive things under various guises—we don’t just see the sky, we see the sky as blue; we don’t just taste the wine, we taste the wine as sweet—so we must always desire things under the guise of the good. This chapter aims to show, first, that this reading is inconsistent with any reasonable interpretation of the argument of Republic IV; and second, that there is a promising alternative reading available to us—one that is not only consistent with the argument of Republic IV, but also philosophically and exegetically appealing in its own right. On this alternative reading, the connection Plato sees between desire and the good is, at bottom, a normative one, similar in character to the one we see between belief and the true: just as it is in the nature of our beliefs to be made correct (or successful) by the truth of what we believe, so it is in the nature of our desires to be made correct (or successful) by the goodness of what we desire.
Plato on the Object of Thirst
Authors: Price A. W. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
A recent revisionist tendency extends the notion of the guise of the good so that it applies even to the object of appetite. Yet how could one understand thirst’s desiring drink as a good? Thirst indeed pursues its own gratification, but not through any thought that this is worthwhile. It can, however, be redirected towards one drink rather than another. Plato takes its orientation towards drink not to be instinctive, but to arise from past experience of satiation. Anticipatory pleasure may ‘pre-live’ (as Warren puts it) the pleasure to come; but then we can view it neither as a picturing, nor as an expectation true or false.
Features of Interfaced and Confined Experimental Active Nematics
Authors: Sagués Francesc , Guillamat Pau , Hardoüin Jérôme , Martínez-Prat Berta , Ignés-Mullol Jordi 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Active nematics constitute a particularly rewarding example of active systems. Here, we summarize different experimental scenarios of a particularly interesting active nematic system constituted by an aqueous suspension of filamentary proteins (microtubules) and (motor proteins) kinesins. In the first part we describe an experimental study aimed at studying quantitatively the way active turbulence is unchained in the system from an initial state of aligned microtubules. The important aspect addressed in the second part is to try to study the behavior of the system when the interface, either planar or curved, plays a decisive role in controlling fluxes and textures.