bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Le grand retour des territoires locaux
Authors: Veltz Pierre 
Published: March 2022

Dans notre pays, dont chacun connaît le tropisme jacobin et la passion pour l’égalité, la question des territoires locaux, dans leur diversité, est revenue en force sur le devant de l’actualité, au cours de la dernière décennie. La crise des « gilets jaunes », la crise sanitaire, puis la transition écologique ont, en particulier, alimenté ce retour du local. Que faut-il penser de ce mouvement ?
La police politique des identités
Authors: Heinich Nathalie , Sarthou-Lajus Nathalie 
Published: March 2022

De nombreuses questions qui agitent la société se comprennent aujourd’hui en termes de domination et de luttes d’identités : identités sexuelles, de genre, ethniques, culturelles, nationales, religieuses. La revendication identitaire se propage en dénonçant les oppressions et par de nouvelles formes de censure. La sociologue Nathalie Heinich analyse les sources et les pièges de cette nouvelle configuration intellectuelle et politique.
Dons et économie des échanges dans les groupes littéraires
Authors: Glinoer Anthony , Lacroix Michel 
Published: March 2022

Central, dans la dynamique des groupes littéraire, principe sous-jacent de l’économie des échanges qui s’y déroulent, le don a pourtant été peu étudié dans cette perspective spécifique. Empruntant une perspective résolument transnationale, cet article propose un tour d’horizon des multiples formes de don propres aux groupes littéraires : dons de parole, de manuscrits, de livres, de dédicaces. Socialisateur, le don fait passer de l’amitié à l’identité de groupe, ceci en générant un filigrane narratif constant, celui du récit de l’échange. L’étude des groupes montre ainsi l’homologie profonde entre don et récit, celle de la synthèse de l’hétérogène (Ricœur).
Risk factors for Herpes simplex virus and Cytomegalovirus infections in critically-ill COVID-19 patients
Authors: Fuest Kristina E. , Erber Johanna , Berg-Johnson Wiebke , Heim Markus , Hoffmann Dieter , Kapfer Barbara , Kriescher Silja , Ulm Bernhard , Schmid Roland M. , Rasch Sebastian , Lahmer Tobias 
Published: March 2022

Background: To assess the prevalence of Herpes simplex and Cytomegalovirus infection in respiratory samples of critically-ill COVID-19 patients, its role in outcome and mortality and the influence of dexamethasone treatment in the early stage of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods: All mechanically ventilated COVID-19 patients treated on ICU between March 2020 and January 2021 were included. Respiratory specimens were tested for Herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 1, 2 and Cytomegalovirus (CMV) by quantitative real-time PCR. Clinical parameters were compared in the cohort cohorts with and without HSV-1-infection.Results: 134 patients with a median age of 72.5 years (73.0% male, n=98) were included. HSV-1 reactivation occurred in 61 patients (45.5%), after median 9 (7-13) days of mechanical ventilation. The main factor for reactivation was length of stay on ICU (24 days vs 13 days, p<0.001) and duration of mechanical ventilation (417 vs 214 hours, p<0.001). Treatment with dexamethasone and a history of immunosuppression did not associate with HSV-infection in the univariate analysis (39 vs 41, p=0.462 and 27.9% vs 23.3%, p=0.561, respectively). Both ICU and hospital mortality were not significantly different in the cohorts with and without HSV-infection (57.4% vs 45.2%, p=0.219).Conclusions: Our study shows a high prevalence of HSV-infection in critically-ill COVID-19 patients which was unexpectedly higher than the prevalence of CMV-infections and unrelated to dexamethasone treatment. The main risk factors for HSV and CMV in the studied cohorts were the length of ICU stay and duration of mechanical ventilation. Therefore, we recommend routine monitoring of critically ill COVID-19 patients for these viral co-infections and consider treatment in those patients.
Body Anthropometric Characteristics and Rectal Temperature Cooling Rates in Women With Hyperthermia
Authors: Koenig Fallon S. , Miller Kevin C. , O'Connor Paul , Amaria Noshir 
Published: March 2022

Context
Cold-water immersion (CWI) is the best treatment for patients with exertional heat stroke (EHS), and rectal temperature (Trec) cooling rates may differ between sexes. Previous authors have suggested that the body surface area (BSA):lean body mass (LBM) ratio is the largest factor affecting CWI Trec cooling rates in men with hyperthermia; this has never been confirmed in women with hyperthermia.

Objective
To examine whether the BSA:LBM ratio and other anthropometric characteristics affect Trec cooling rates in women with hyperthermia.

Design
Cross-sectional study.

Setting
Laboratory.

Patients or Other Participants
Sixteen women were placed in either a low BSA:LBM ratio (LOW; n = 8; age = 22 ± 1 years, height = 166.8 ± 6.0 cm, mass = 64.1 ± 4.5 kg, BSA:LBM ratio = 3.759 ± 0.214 m2/kg·102) or high BSA:LBM ratio (HIGH; n = 8; age = 22 ± 2 years, height = 162.7 ± 8.9 cm, mass = 65.8 ± 12.7 kg, BSA:LBM ratio = 4.161 ± 0.232 m2/kg·102) group.

Intervention(s)
On day 1, we measured physical characteristics using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, and participants completed a maximal oxygen consumption test. On day 2, participants walked at 4.8 km/h for 3 minutes and then ran at 80% of their predetermined maximal oxygen consumption for 2 minutes in the heat (temperature = ∼40°C, relative humidity = 40%). This sequence was repeated until Trec reached 39.5°C. Then they underwent CWI (temperature = ∼10°C) until Trec was 38°C.

Main Outcome Measure(s)
Rectal temperature and CWI cooling rates.

Results
The groups had different BSA:LBM ratios (P = .001), LBM (LOW: 45.8 ± 3.0 kg; HIGH: 41.0 ± 5.1 kg; P = .02), and body fat percentages (LOW: 25.7% ± 5.0%; HIGH: 33.7% ± 6.3%; P = .007) but not different BSA (LOW: 1.72 ± 0.08 m2; HIGH: 1.70 ± 0.16 m2; P = .40) or body mass index (LOW: 23.1 ± 2.1; HIGH: 24.9 ± 4.7; P = .17). Despite differences in several physical characteristics, Trec cooling rates were excellent but comparable (LOW: 0.26°C/min ± 0.09°C/min; HIGH: 0.27°C/min ± 0.07°C/min; P = .39). The BSA:LBM ratio (r = 0.14, P = .59), BSA (r = −0.01, P = .97), body mass index (r = 0.37, P = .16), and body fat percentage (r = 0.29, P = .28), LBM (r = −0.10, P = .70) were not correlated with Trec cooling rates.

Conclusions
Body anthropometric characteristics did not affect CWI Trec cooling rates in women with hyperthermia. Therefore, clinicians need not worry that anthropometric characteristics might slow CWI treatment in women with severe hyperthermia.
The short-term effects of energy drinks on near visual performance
Authors: Hansraj Rekha , Xulu-Kasaba Zamadonda N.Q. , Tini Anoyolo , Naidu Dinalia , Hassim Fathima , Osman Faruk , Mbatha Slindile , Mtemeri Nyika 
Published: March 2022

Background: Energy drinks have gained popularity amongst young adults in recent years. Widespread effects of its main ingredient caffeine have been observed on the nervous system; however, little is known about the effects of these drinks on the visual system.Aim: This research study investigated the effects of a chosen energy drink on near vision and near contrast sensitivity.Setting: The data were collected at a university optometry clinic in south eastern South Africa.Methods: A single-blinded, crossover study was conducted on 56 healthy subjects aged 18–30 years. Subjects were randomised, such that they consumed either the energy drink reboost or water (control) on separate days. Near visual acuity was measured using a near Logarithm of the Minimum Angle of Resolution (LogMAR) chart and contrast sensitivity using the MARS contrast sensitivity test. Near visual acuity and contrast sensitivity measurements were taken at baseline and again at 30 min, 60 min and 90 min intervals, following consumption. Data were analysed using repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) and univariate analysis.Results: Both near visual acuity and contrast sensitivity, post-energy drink consumption, showed a marginal increase over the testing period. Near visual acuity increased from –0.13 LogMAR at baseline to –0.17 LogMAR at 90 min. Contrast sensitivity increased from 1.77 log units at 30 min to 1.78 log units at 90 min similar to that observed with the control. In both cases; however, the changes were neither statistically (p 0.05) nor clinically significant.Conclusion: The energy drink reboost had no short-term effect on near vision performance as measured with near visual acuity and contrast sensitivity.
Intraoperative Chertsey Test, is it a Reliable Alternative to Computed Tomography Scan for Diagnosing Syndesmotic Injuries of the Ankle?
Authors: Sayyadi Shahram , Omidian Mohammad Mahdi , Pourmojarab Ali , Khodayi Abouzar , Baroutkoub Mojtaba , Salimi Sohrab , Rasi Alireza Manafi 
Published: March 2022

Background:
The present study aims to evaluate the diagnostic exactitude of the intraoperative Chertsey test in tibiofibular syndesmotic injuries in patients with malleolar fractures, in comparison with a computed tomography (CT) scan.

Materials and Methods:
In this study, patients with malleolar fractures operated between 2018 and 2020 were examined. Thirty-nine patients were enrolled in the study. A three-dimensional preoperative CT scan was obtained. The opposite unfractured ankle was also scanned and considered as the control group. The Chertsey test was performed during the operation to assess the syndesmosis injury. Then, patients were partitioned into two distinct groups, considering the condition of their ankle, namely the Chertsey positive (unstable syndesmosis) group and the Chertsey negative (stable syndesmosis) group.

Results:
The outcomes of the present survey illustrated that the Chertsey test was positive in 16 patients (41.03%) and negative in 23 patients (59.07%). The median of all CT scan parameters (anterior tibiofibular distances (TFD), middle TFD, posterior TFD, and maximal TFD and volume) before surgery in the group of patients with a positive Chertsey test was significantly higher, measured against the unfractured control group (P < 0.001 for all parameters). Furthermore, a comparison of CT scan parameters and syndesmosis space volume before surgery between the two groups of patients with positive and negative Chertsey test results showed that the measurement of parameters in Chertsey-positive patients was significantly higher than the Chertsey-negative patients (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:
Chertsey test could be used to diagnose syndesmosis injuries in patients with malleolar fractures due to its high importance in the outcome of patients.
Evaluation of Cognitive and Psychomotor Functional Changes in Anesthesiology Residents after 12 hours of Continuous Work in Operation Theater
Authors: Prasad R. Varun , Gupta Suman Lata , Swaminathan Srinivasan 
Published: March 2022

Background:
Prolonged working hours in operation theater may impair cognitive and psychomotor function.

Aims:
This study was done to evaluate the changes in cognitive and psychomotor changes in the anesthesia residents after 6 and 12 h of continuous work in operation theater.

Settings and Design:
Sixty anesthesia residents whose working hours were expected to be longer than 12 h were recruited for this prospective, observational study.

Methods:
The study consisted of a set of five tests used for assessing the cognitive and psychomotor functions. The tests were conducted for the participants at 0, 6, and 12 h of work and the total scores at the respective time period were noted. The tests were manual dexterity test using purdue peg board, finger tapping test, visual spatial capacity memory test, digit symbol substitution test (DSST), and frontal assessment battery.

Statistical Analysis:
The observations of the purdue peg board test, finger tapping test, and digit symbol substitution test at 0, 6, and 12 h were tested using the repeated measures analysis of variance and paired t-test. The observations of visual spatial capacity memory test and frontal assessment battery were tested using the Chi-square test.

Results:
In the purdue peg board test, there was significant reduction in the mean number of pins assembled by the participants over 12 h of work. There was a significant difference in the number of finger taps by the dominant hand between 0 and 12 h and also between 6 and 12 h. In the visual spatial memory test, there was no significant difference in the performance of the participants with incorrect response at 0 and 12 h of duration. There was a significant decrease in the number of correct response among the participants in the digit symbol substitution test at 0 and 12 h of work. There was no significant difference in the scores obtained in frontal assessment battery test which was used to assess the cognitive function.

Conclusion:
There was a significant reduction in the psychomotor functions of the anesthesiology residents after 12 continuous hours of work in the operation theater and there was no significant reduction in cognitive function observed during that period.
Effect of Injection Speed of Heavy Bupivacaine in Spinal Anesthesia on Quality of Block and Hemodynamic Changes
Authors: Jacob Ann Riya , Paul Jerry , Rajan Sunil , Ravindran Greeshma C. , Kumar Lakshmi 
Published: March 2022

Background and Aims:
Spinal anesthesia is a technique widely used for gynecological, lower abdominal, pelvic and lower limb procedures. Even though it causes a profound nerve block, it is associated with profound hypotension.

Aims of the Study:
To assess the effect of the speed of injection of heavy bupivacaine on quality of block and hemodynamic changes in patients undergoing gynecological surgeries under spinal anesthesia.

Methods:
This was a prospective randomized study conducted on 40 patients. Group F patients were given 3.2 mL of 0.5% heavy bupivacaine intrathecally in 15 s and Group S patients were given the same drug over 60 s. The time to achieve T10 dermatomal block, maximum block height, block height at 5 min were recorded. Heart rate (HR), systolic, diastolic blood pressures, and mean arterial pressures (MAP) were also recorded at different time points.

Results:
HR, systolic BP, diastolic BP, and MAPs and mean block height at 5 min were comparable between the two groups at all time points. The time to achieve T10 dermatome block was significantly faster in Group F (1.85 ± 1.14 min) as compared to Group S (3.98 ± 1.58 min). Majority of patients in Group F (65%) had a maximum block up to T6 and those in Group S (45%) had a block upto T4. The usage of vasopressors was found to be significantly higher in Group F compared to Group S with P = 0.041.

Conclusion:
Using faster speed of injection of heavy bupivacaine during spinal anesthesia can lead to faster achievement of blockade but with significantly higher usage of vasopressors.
Clinical Profile of New-Onset Seizures in the Elderly
Authors: Malge Mahadev Hanmantappa , Nagaraja B. S. , Rajanna Avinash Hanbe 
Published: March 2022

Aim:
The aim of the study is to determine the etiology of seizures in the elderly and types of seizure in elderly populations.

Materials and Methods:
This was a cross-sectional study carried out on patients of age more than 60 years with seizures and who satisfied inclusion and exclusion criteria, admitted in Bangalore Medical College and Research Institute (BMCRI) attached hospitals, Bengaluru, between November 2016 and October 2018. After obtaining ethical clearance and approval from the institutional ethics committee of BMCRI, written informed consent was taken from the patients. Detailed history was taken from all patients, and all patients underwent thorough clinical examination and investigations. The diagnostic probability was based on the clinical data obtained from the patient charts and the results of electroencephalography (EEG) and computed tomography (CT) scans. The etiology of seizures was determined on the basis of medical history, neurologic examination, EEG, and CT scans.

Results:
A total of 58 patients of new-onset seizure included in the study out of which 30 were male and 28 were female. Majority of the patients were aged between 60 and 70 years. Male-to-female ration was almost equal. GTCS was the major type of seizure. Cerebrovascular infarct was the most common etiology. Diabetes and hypertension (HTN) were the most common comorbid conditions.

Conclusion:
Seizure was the dominant manifestation of various underlying disorders in the elderly, of which cerebrovascular disease was the most common cause, followed by metabolic cause. Comorbidities such as diabetes and HTN also had an important role in seizure activity. GTCS was the most common type of seizure in the elderly.
Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and its utility in management of hypertension in a clinic setting in South India
Authors: Hegde Subhashchandra B , Aroor Shivaramakrishna , Anupama Yedabettu Janardhana , Hegde Shrikanth N. 
Published: March 2022

Introduction:
High blood pressure (BP) is an important risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. The association of short-term BP variability (BPV) with target organ damage (TOD) is not clearly established. We conducted this observational study to evaluate the degree of concordance between Office BP measurements (OBPM) and ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM) and to study the association of ABPM parameters on TOD.

Materials and Methods:
Patients attending clinics of the authors between January 2018 and August 2019 were enrolled. Their BP status was determined by OBPM and ABPM and the degree of concordance analyzed. ABPM parameters between those with TOD and without TOD were compared using appropriate statistical measures.

Results:
Data from 968 subjects (males 61.5%, mean age 59.39 ± 14.86 years) were analyzed. Masked hypertension (HTN) and white coat HTN were seen in 138 (14.3%) and 50 (5.2%) participants, respectively. There was moderate concordance between ABPM and OBPM readings (Cohen's κ =0.571, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.445, 0.595,P< 0.001). There were 530 (54.8%) nondippers and 189 (19.5%) reverse dippers. High morning surge (MS) was seen in 193 patients (19.9%) and TOD was seen in 378 patients (39%). Among all the ABPM parameters which were significantly associated with TOD on univariate analysis, only BPV (P = 0.04, odds ratio [OR]: 1.04, 95% CI: 1.00, 1.08) and systolic BP in active phase (P = 0.01, OR: 1.02, 95% CI: 1.00, 1.04) were found to be predictors of TOD after multiple logistic regression analysis. Dipping status and MS were not associated with TOD.

Conclusions:
ABPM is a useful tool for diagnosis and accurate categorization of HTN. The analysis of ABPM parameters helps to identify the patients with BPV which has important implications for the prevention of TOD. ABPM is recommended in all individuals with cardiometabolic risk profile or with established TOD even with normal office BP readings.
Fine-Needle Aspiration Cytopathology Correlation Study of Thyroid Nodule with the Postoperative Histopathological Reporting in a Rural Medical Setup
Authors: Vargis Rufus K. Sam , Peechatt Tony Joe , Raghuveer C. R. , Sharada M. S. , Chacko Arun Mathew , Vijayan Arya 
Published: March 2022

Background:
Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is the examination of cells that are obtained through a fine needle under vacuum. Due to the superior diagnostic reliability and cost-effectiveness of FNAC, American thyroid association had setup some guidelines stating that FNAC must be used as a diagnostic test initially before the ultrasonography and thyroid scintigraphy. This present study was undertaken to categorize and correlate all the thyroid FNAC samples according to the Bethesda system and for assessing the efficacy of the Bethesda reporting system in the preoperative evaluation of thyroid lesions. The major aim of study is to identify the nodules which require surgery and those benign nodules that can be observed clinically, thereby reducing the overall rate of thyroidectomy among patients with benign disorders.

Materials and Methods:
The present prospective study was conducted among 428 patients with thyroid lesions at a tertiary care rural medical set up. All the specimens were fixed in 10% formalin, and detailed gross examination was done. 3–10 tissue bits were selected from representative areas and all the bits were processed and stained with H and E stain. Cytological diagnoses were correlated with histopathology and the efficacy of The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology for reporting FNAC was estimated.

Discussion:
Out of 428 patients with thyroid lesions, 96 cases of histopathological specimens were collected. The histopathology lesions were divided into benign nonneoplastic, benign neoplastic, and malignant to study the gender, age group affected with these lesions and to calculate the association of malignancy with gender and age. The result showed that diagnostic tests are not significantly different with respect to sensitivity. Hence, FNAC is a reliable test for histopathology in diagnosis of thyroid lesions. In the present study, although the malignancy rate was higher among males, no association of gender and malignancy was not significant (P > 0.05).

Conclusion:
The Bethesda standardized system for reporting cytopathology improved the communication between pathologists and clinician promoting an interlaboratory agreement.
Low-dose (7.5 mg/kg) bevacizumab may be a viable option in recurrent ovarian cancer: A retrospective study
Authors: Demirkiran Aykut , Eryilmaz Melek Karakurt , Karaagac Mustafa , Araz Murat , Korkmaz Mustafa , Koçak Mehmet Zahid , Artac Mehmet 
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT

Objective:
Bevacizumab (BEV) is a humanized monoclonal antibody of vascular endothelial growth factor receptors and, as a result of clinical trials, was approved for the treatment of recurrent ovarian cancer (ROC). The aim of this study was to assess the clinical utility of BEV in patients with ROC in real-world practice beyond clinical trials.

Materials and Methods:
In this single-center retrospective cohort study, we evaluated the medical data of all patients with ROC who were treated with BEV between October 2013 and March 2020.

Results:
A total of 76 females were evaluated. Forty-nine (64.5%) patients were platinum sensitive and 27 (35.5%) patients were platinum resistant. BEV was used in combination with chemotherapy agents in all patients, and the most preferred combinations were gemcitabine/carboplatin (GC) (78.9%) and carboplatin/paclitaxel (14.5%). In all patients, the BEV dose was 7.5 mg/kg every 3 weeks. The median progression-free survival (PFS) was 11.1 months (95% confidence interval [CI]: 9.6–12.6), and the median overall survival (OS) was 22.3 months (95% CI: 17.5–27.2). In multivariate analysis, serous histological type (P = 0.01), maintenance BEV administration (P = 0.001), and combination of GC-BEV (P < 0.001) were associated with better PFS, while serous histological type (P = 0.016) and good performance status (P = 0.006) were associated with prolonged OS.

Conclusions:
Low-dose (7.5 mg/kg) BEV was found to be effective in the second-line treatment of patients with ROC in our real-life study. In addition, the combination of BEV with GC was shown to be a viable option, especially in the treatment selection of platinum-resistant patients.