bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dependence of Dust Formation on the Supernova Explosion
Authors: Brooker Ezra S. ,   (Los Alamos National Laboratory), Stangl Sarah M. ,   (Los Alamos National Laboratory), Mauney Christopher M. , Fryer C. L. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
We investigate the properties, composition, and dynamics of dust formation and growth for a diverse set of core-collapse supernovae (CCSNe), with 15, 20, and 25 M
⊙ progenitor masses, explosion energies ranging from 0.5 to 120 foe, and varied engine type. These explosions are evolved with a 1D Lagrangian hydrodynamics code out to a minimum of 1157 days to model the ejecta as it expands and cools. A multigrain dust nucleation and growth model is applied to these results. We find that higher explosion energies lead to an earlier onset of dust formation, smaller grain sizes, and larger silicate abundances. Further, we see that nuclear burning during the explosion leads to enhanced formation of silicate dust. Finally, we build composite models from our suite to predict the efficiency of CCSN dust production as a function of metallicity.
Characterizing the Variable X-Ray and UV–Optical Flux Behavior of Blazars
Authors: Moo Kaitlyn E. , Bregman Joel N. , Reynolds Mark T. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The variability of blazars in the X-ray and optical regions both informs the physics of their emitting region and places demands on the observer if a program requires that the object be bright or faint. The extensive simultaneous X-ray and optical observation by the Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory (Swift) provides the best insight into the variable nature of these objects. This program uses Swift data for 19 X-ray-bright blazars, generally at z > 0.1, to determine their variability properties. The analysis is based on structure functions and provides insight into the nature of the variability and how it depends on time, luminosity, and redshift. We also consider strategies for observing blazars at or above average brightness, given a time delay between planning an observation and obtaining the data. This is critical to observations with orbiting X-ray telescopes, current or future. The variability in the soft X-ray band is typically three to eight times larger than at UV–optical wavelengths, at fixed time differences (i.e., 30 or 100 days). There is almost no difference in the amplitude of variation (X-ray or UV–optical) as a function of redshift (time delay of 30 days) and a modest positive correlation with luminosity. In the X-ray band, blazars that become brighter than normal typically remain bright for at least 2–3 months, although with significant flickering. One can avoid observing objects that are significantly below the average X-ray flux by scheduling the observation when F
X > 0.9F
X,avg, which requires monitoring observations near the time of the scheduling activity.
Sun-as-a-star Spectroscopic Observations of the Line-of-sight Velocity of a Solar Eruption on 2021 October 28
Authors: Xu 徐 Yu 昱 , Tian 田 Hui 晖 , Hou 侯 Zhenyong 振永 , Yang 杨 Zihao 子浩 , Gao 高 Yuhang 宇航 , Bai 白 Xianyong 先勇 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The propagation direction and true velocity of a solar coronal mass ejection, which are among the most decisive factors for its geo-effectiveness, are difficult to determine through single-perspective imaging observations. Here we show that Sun-as-a-star spectroscopic observations, together with imaging observations, could allow us to solve this problem. Using observations of the Extreme Ultraviolet Variability Experiment onboard the Solar Dynamics Observatory, we found clear blueshifted secondary emission components in extreme-ultraviolet spectral lines during a solar eruption on 2021 October 28. From simultaneous imaging observations, we found that the secondary components are caused by a mass ejection from the flare site. We estimated the line-of-sight (LOS) velocity of the ejecta from both the double Gaussian fitting method and the red-blue asymmetry analysis. The results of both methods agree well with each other, giving an average LOS velocity of the plasma of ∼423 km s−1. From the 304 Å image series taken by the Extreme ultraviolet Imager onboard the Solar Terrestrial Relation Observatory-A (STEREO-A) spacecraft, we estimated the plane-of-sky velocity from the STEREO-A viewpoint to be around 587 km s−1. The full velocity of the bulk motion of the ejecta was then computed by combining the imaging and spectroscopic observations, which turns out to be around 596 km s−1 with an angle of 42.°4 to the west of the Sun–Earth line and 16.°0 south to the ecliptic plane.
The SDSS-HET Survey of Kepler Eclipsing Binaries. A Sample of Four Benchmark Binaries
Authors: Hambleton Kelly , Prša Andrej , Fleming Scott W. , Mahadevan Suvrath , Bender Chad F. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The purpose of this work is to extend a sample of accurately modeled, benchmark-grade eclipsing binaries (EBs) with accurately determined masses and radii. We select four “well-behaved” Kepler binaries, KIC 2306740, KIC 4076952, KIC 5193386 and KIC 5288543, each with at least eight double-lined spectra from the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment instrument that is part of the Sloan Digital Sky Surveys III and IV, and from the Hobby–Eberly High Resolution Spectrograph. We obtain masses and radii with uncertainties of 2.5% or less for all four systems. Three of these systems have orbital periods longer than 9 days, and thus populate an undersampled region of the parameter space for extremely well-characterized detached EBs. We compare the derived masses and radii against mesa mist isochrones to determine the ages of the systems. All systems were found to be coeval, showing that the results are consistent across mesa mist and phoebe.
A Numerical Approach Using a Finite Element Model to Constrain the Possible Interior Layout of (16) Psyche
Authors: Kim Yaeji , Hirabayashi Masatoshi 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Asteroid (16) Psyche (278 × 238 × 171 km in size) is notable for the largest M-type asteroid and has the high radar albedo (0.34 ± 0.08) among the main-belt asteroids. The object is likely a mixture of metal and silicates because of its lower bulk density (∼4.0 g cm−3) than metallic materials (∼7.5 g cm−3) and observations inferring the existence of silicate materials on the surface. Here, we numerically investigate the interior layout when the structure of Psyche consists of a spherical iron core and two types of the silicate-rich layers (compressed and uncompressed ones) resulting from the compaction process (later known as a three-layer model). We develop an inverse problem algorithm to determine the layout distribution by combining a finite element model approach that accounts for density variations and constrains pressure-based crushing conditions. The results show that, given the crushing limit of 10 MPa, the smallest core size likely reaches 72 km in radius, and the silicate-rich layer, consisting of both compressed and uncompressed regions, has a thickness ranging up to 68 km. To support the localized metal concentration at the crater-like region detected in the recent radar observation, we give more constraints on the minimum core size, which takes up to 34%–40% of the entire size of Psyche. Our study also addresses that the ferrovolcanic surface eruptions could still be a source of metal-rich materials. Finally, while the differentiated structure having a spherical core condition is just part of potential scenarios, the present study infers that the core and compressed layer conditions likely control the surface condition. Further investigations will provide key information for observable properties on NASA’s Psyche mission to provide insight into its evolution history.
L’étude céramologique du mobilier issu des fouilles du château d’Olivet, à Grimbosq (Calvados)
Authors: Leclerc Mathilde 
Published: May 2022

Cet article propose de reprendre l’étude du mobilier céramique du château d’Olivet, fouillé de 1975 à 1978 par Michel de Boüard et Joseph Decaëns. Ce château emblématique construit par la famille Taisson dans le Cinglais, puis récupéré par la famille Tournebu, suscite encore de nombreuses questions. Pour comprendre son occupation, une reprise des données de terrain en suivant les méthodes actuelles a été nécessaire. Enfin, l’étude céramique des pâtes – fondée sur la confrontation des analyses macroscopique, microscopique et chimiques – puis des formes a permis de confirmer et proposer de nouvelles hypothèses liées à l’organisation spatiale du site, sa datation et son intégration économique au sein de la Normandie occidentale.
Chevaux et footballeurs. Travailler pour le sport
Authors: Porcher Jocelyne , Barreau Sophie 
Published: May 2022

L’objectif de cet article est de montrer que les chevaux de course de galop sont des sportifs de haut niveau. Pour notre démonstration, à partir du suivi d’un panel de 82 chevaux pur-sang et d’un travail bibliographique sur les footballeurs, nous mettons en rapport la carrière d’un cheval de course avec celle d’un footballeur. Cela à partir de quatre axes : la formation, l’entraînement, la compétition, la reconversion. Nos résultats montrent les similarités de ces deux mondes (financiarisation et mondialisation des compétitions) mais aussi d’importantes différences, notamment liées à notre relation domestique aux chevaux (sélection génétique et possibilité de la mort comme sortie du travail) et à la place de la « valeur du sang » dans les représentations sociales et les rapports de classe. Cette analyse par le travail sportif permet de reconsidérer la question des conditions de vie des chevaux sous un autre angle que celui du « bien-être animal » et de poser les enjeux de professionnalisation des chevaux qui font de la compétition.
Transfusión sanguínea y movilización popular en la retaguardia: la Agrupació de Donadors de Sang de Catalunya (1937-1939)
Authors: Martínez-Vidal Àlvar , Pons Barrachina Empar 
Published: May 2022

Durante la Guerra Civil Española las autoridades de ambos bandos fomentaron la donación de sangre entre la población civil para remitirla desde la retaguardia a los frentes de batalla. El voluntariado se estimuló por dos vías principales: por un lado, apelando a la solidaridad de la población con los combatientes y, por otro, ofreciendo a los donantes ciertas recompensas, además de signos distintivos de reconocimiento social y protección personal como brazaletes e insignias.
Fundada en Barcelona a lo largo del verano de 1937, la Agrupació de Donadors de Sang de Catalunya llegó a contar con cerca de 30.000 personas inscritas dispuestas a dar su sangre para cubrir primordialmente las necesidades de los servicios quirúrgicos del Ejército de la República. Esta entidad no respondía a un modelo de organización jerárquico y centralizado, sino que estaba conformada por diversos colectivos radicados en Barcelona y otras ciudades catalanas. Pese a ser una organización tan numerosa, no se conservan apenas vestigios en la memoria colectiva.
Este artículo pretende analizar los orígenes y la trayectoria de la Agrupació de Donadors de Sang utilizando como fuente principal las noticias aparecidas en la prensa de Barcelona. También se ha analizado el papel de la Cruz Roja en la gestación de dicha entidad.
Foramen Ovale and Associated Accessory Foramina
Authors: Sthapak Eti , Pasricha Navbir , Singh Anamika , Bhatnagar Rajan , Bedi Ravinder Singh 
Published: May 2022

Background:
The mandibular nerve exits the cranial cavity by traversing through the foramen ovale (FO) which is located in the greater wing of sphenoid, posterolateral to foramen rotundum. This foramen also provides an entry portal to the accessory middle meningeal artery and helps exit the lesser petrosal nerve apart from the emissary veins. Tumors and masses in infratemporal region require an accurate and precise morphometry of FO, before planning any surgical procedure. The aim of this study is to record and analyze the metric and nonmetric data and compares the morphometry of FO with gender and age.

Methodology:
Type of study – Retrospective observational study. The sample size was 200 computerized tomography head axial section scans without any disease which might alter the anatomy of foramen, from picture archiving and communication system. Bilateral foraminal parameters were obtained with the help of computer-assisted software.

Results:
The mean length, breadth, distance from mid-sagittal plane, and size of FO in males were 7.75 ± 1.16, 3.98 ± 0.91, 21.40 ± 1.75, and 30.94 ± 8.79, and in females, measurements were 6.90 ± 0.78, 3.57 ± 1.04, 20.36 ± 1.62, and 24.86 ± 9.08, respectively. Septation was observed in 2% of cases and the most common shape observed was oval (84%). Totally 26% of accessory foramina were observed.

Conclusion:
Significant gender differences were seen in the morphometry in all the four parameters. A significant difference with age was seen only with distance of foramen from midsagittal plane. Variations in morphometry and shapes of the FO may affect clinical and diagnostic procedures.
Uzaktan Eğitim Dil Öğrenim Süreçlerinde Özgün Araç Kullanımı
Authors: Kalkan Tuğçe 
Published: May 2022

Geçmişten günümüze girdinin dil öğrenim süreçlerine olan katkısı yadsınamaz bir gerçek olmuştur. Bu girdinin sunulmasında kullanılmakta olan dil öğretim araçları ise birçok değişim geçirmiştir. Buna paralel olarak öğretmen bilişi ve öğrenici inanışları da evrilir. Teknolojinin etkisi, yaşanan coğrafya ve dil edinim amaçlarının da bu değişimlerde etkisi bulunmaktadır. Dil öğretiminde tespit edilen sorunların uygulamalı dilbilim aracılığıyla çözüme ulaştırılması süreçlerinde COVID-19 pandemi sürecinde öne çıkan başlıklardan birkaçı dil girdisinin öğreniciye sunulması, özgün araç, öğretmen bilişi ve öğrenci inanışı olmuştur. Bu çalışmanın amacı COVID-19 pandemi süreci öncesi ve sonrasında dil öğretimde anlaşılabilir girdiye ulaşmada özgün aracın, öğretmen bilişinin ve öğrenci inanışının önemine değinmektir.
Effect of Heat Treatments on the Corrosion Resistance of Carbon Steel Using Salt Water
Authors: Alsarraj Ghaidaa Ibraheem , Basheer Ekhlas Ahmed 
Published: May 2022

The aim of this research is to study the corrosion behavior of carbon steel, because corrosion is common defects that occur to the devices and machinery after manufactured. Plain –carbon steel is considered as one of the most important minerals used in industrial applications. The direct effect on the corrosion behavior of steel is heat treatments because of galvanic corrosion which building up between its microscopic phases. In three methods carbon steel has been treated thermally which the hardening, normalizing, and annealing. Used salt water as corrosive media for a period of (30, 45, 60) days. The steel contains chemical compounds to show its effect on the corrosion. To compare between the results and to determine corrosion rate used weight loss. The results obtained show that the lowest corrosion resistance is for the hardened steel and the corrosion resistance of the annealing steel is the greatest, while the corrosion resistance of the normalized steel is in-between them.
Frecuencia de enfermedad periodontal en pacientes adultos con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 en la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires y la Provincia de Buenos Aires
Authors: Monod Nuñez María Soledad , Aransibia Lorena Verónica , Blanco Fernández María Justina , Hernández Oropesa Tomás , Linari María Amelia 
Published: May 2022

Introducción: la enfermedad periodontal (EP) es un factor de riesgo en la génesis y evolución de numerosas enfermedades crónicas sistémicas como la diabetes mellitus (DM). Ambas comparten una evolución compleja y constituyen una relación bidireccional.Objetivos: describir la frecuencia de EP en pacientes adultos con diagnóstico de DM2, así como su gravedad y extensión al momento del diagnóstico inicial, su correlación con variables metabólicas y signos de complicación.Materiales y métodos: estudio transversal. Se recolectaron 626 historias clínicas de pacientes adultos con DM2 en la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (CABA) y la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Resultados: la frecuencia de EP para la muestra (n=614) fue del 98% (gingivitis y periodontitis), la relación hombres y mujeres fue de 53/47% respectivamente, y la edad media 57,7±10,4 años. El análisis entre la derivación tardía, los años de antigüedad de la DM y la gravedad no resultaron signi cativos (p=0,49; p=0,7). Se observó correlación positiva con el mal control metabólico tanto para HbA1c (p=0,02) como para las glucemias en ayunas, y la relación microalbuminuria/creatininuria (p=0,0001). Se encontró relación entre las categorías de cobertura de salud, y la gravedad y extensión de la EP (p=0,0001). Los pacientes sin cobertura de salud presentaron cuadros más severos.Conclusiones: la frecuencia de EP fue altamente signi cativa en pacientes con DM2. Se evidenció correlación directa y signi cativa para la HbA1c y la microalbuminuria con respecto a la gravedad y la extensión de la EP, asociada con alteraciones microangiopáticas. Se requieren nuevos estudios sobre el análisis de marcadores metabólicos, de complicación micro y macrovascular en asociación con la EP.
Visión epidemiológica, psicosocial y terapéutica de la diabetes mellitus en Argentina desde las perspectivas del equipo de salud y de las personas con diabetes
Authors: Elgart Jorge Federico , Rucci Enzo , Gagliardino Juan José 
Published: May 2022

Introducción: la diabetes mellitus (DM) genera una pesada carga socioeconómica, y para su abordaje es necesario indagar sobre sus posibles condicionantes para lograr su control, prevención y tratamiento efectivo.Objetivos: entender la problemática de la DM en Argentina y las estrategias para mejorarla según la perspectiva de los profesionales de la salud y de las personas con DM. Materiales y métodos: se implementó un estudio descriptivo con metodología cualitativa basado en la técnica del Metaplan. Se diseñó un cuestionario con dos preguntas (¿Cuáles son a su criterio los problemas que enfrenta la DM en nuestro país?, ¿Qué estrategias emplearía para solucionarlos?), que se distribuyó entre los profesionales de la salud y las personas con DM vía Internet a través de sus respectivas Sociedades, durante junio-julio de 2021. Los participantes (adultos, residentes en Argentina) debían responder hasta cuatro alternativas en cada pregunta. Se revisaron todas las respuestas recibidas, se las agrupó por temas y se las analizó/cuantificó mediante técnicas descriptivas expresando los resultados como porcentajes. Resultados: la muestra final incluyó 404 profesionales del equipo de salud y 272 personas con DM, mayoritariamente con DM1. El análisis demostró que existe: a) una organización de ciente de la cobertura; b) un predominio de hábitos no saludables; c) escasa provisión de educación diabetológica estructurada que dificulta el diagnóstico y el tratamiento adecuado, y falta de capacitación al paciente para participar activa y e cientemente en el control y tratamiento de su enfermedad; d) deficiente calidad de atención. Conclusiones: los resultados, similares a los obtenidos en otros países, sugieren que las estrategias de solución implicarían la restructuración de la formación médica para lograr un balance armónico entre el nivel primario de atención y las especialidades, disminuyendo además la carga psicológica del paciente, la cual se vería facilitada mediante la cooperación armónica de las instituciones educativas y las sociedades científicas, al igual que con una intervención consensuada de diferentes sectores de la sociedad.
EFFECT OF ELECTRONIC BANKING ON FINANCIAL INCLUSION AMONG COMMERCIAL BANKS IN SOMALIA
Authors: Abdi Abdikarin , Hussein Fatima , Kadir Hanita 
Published: May 2022

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of automated teller machines and mobile banking on financial inclusion among commercial banks in Somalia.
Methodology: A descriptive survey design was adopted targeting 6 commercial banks in Somalia that had successfully rolled out electronic banking while the respondents covered the Banks staff, like managers and officers from each institution respectively and census was used. Primary data was collected on automated teller machines, mobile banking and customer deposits with the aid of the questionnaire. The analysis was conducted through the Statistical Packages for Social Sciences version 24 utilizing descriptive statistics (means and standard deviations) and inferential statistics (correlation and regression analysis) and presented through tables.
Findings: The study found out that automated teller machines banking and mobile banking are significant predictors of financial inclusion among commercial banks in Somalia. Thus, electronic banking is a significant enabler of financial inclusion of commercial banks.
Unique contributions to theory, practice and Policy: The study contributes to the extension of the views of financial intermediation theory and the diffusion of innovation theory. The study implies that the adoption of electronic banking as influenced by the diffusion of innovation theory allow financial institutions to effectively realize their financial intermediation role in the economy. The senior management team of commercial banks in Somalia should allocate more resources towards financial innovation and enhancement of the existing electronic banking channels and infrastructures. The policy makers at the Central Bank of Somalia need to develop progressive regulations and rules that would promote the adoption of financial innovation while boosting financial inclusion
ESTUDO DO PROCESSAMENTO DE IMAGENS TÉRMICAS CORPORAIS CAPTURADAS POR DRONES EQUIPADOS COM CÂMERAS TÉRMICAS PARA USO EM CONTROLES EPIDEMIOLÓGICOS
Authors: Poletti Martins Matheus Henrique , Calixto Monteiro Sabrina Piva , Torquato Vanucci Paulo Sérgio 
Published: May 2022

Os diagnósticos por imagem são ferramentas muito importantes atualmente, porém uma das dificuldades encontradas é que as imagens necessitam passar por um processamento para que assim possa ser realizado o diagnóstico. Diversos estudos constataram que existem alguns problemas de obtenção dessas imagens por meio de instrumentos que necessitam de cuidados especiais e geram um alto custo para sua utilização. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho é a elaboração de um dispositivo capaz de realizar a captura de imagens de forma a minimizar o custo necessário e capaz de realizar o processamento de imagem necessário para a realização de diagnósticos. Para a execução do objetivo, foi realizada uma pesquisa teórica que aborda conceitos da utilização de drones como custo operacional e sistema de funcionamento. A partir dos resultados obtidos, este estudo pode ser considerado como uma importante ferramenta para a obtenção de diagnósticos por imagem, facilitando o acesso aos equipamentos necessários, visando reduzir o custo e melhorar a eficiência dos diagnósticos por meio de processamento de imagens.