bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quality‐by‐control of intensified continuous filtration‐drying of active pharmaceutical ingredients
Authors: Destro Francesco , Barolo Massimiliano , Nagy Zoltan K. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractContinuous manufacturing and closed‐loop quality control are emerging technologies that are pivotal for next‐generation pharmaceutical modernization. We develop a process control framework for a continuous carousel for integrated filtration‐drying of crystallization slurries. The proposed control system includes model‐based monitoring and control routines, such as state estimation and real‐time optimization, implemented in a hierarchical, three‐layer quality‐by‐control (QbC) framework. We implement the control system in ContCarSim, a publicly available carousel simulator. We benchmark the proposed control system against simpler methods, comprising a reduced subset of the elements of the overall control system, and against open‐loop operation (the current standard in pharmaceutical manufacturing). The proposed control system demonstrates superior performance in terms of higher consistency in product quality and increased productivity, proving the benefits of closed‐loop control and of model‐based techniques in pharmaceutical manufacturing. This study represents a step forward toward end‐to‐end continuous pharmaceutical processing, and in the evolution of quality‐by‐design toward quality‐by‐control.
Biochemical Characterization of Rare and Threatened Local Populations of Peas (Pisum sativum L.) Cultivated in the Arid Region of Southern Tunisia
Authors: Mohamed Amina , Tlahig Samir , Moussa Jamila Yehmed , Yahia Leila Ben , Bouhamda Talel , Loumerem Mohamed 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPea (Pisum sativum L.) is an important legume for human and animal consumption, cultivated in many temperate regions of the world. In the present investigation, the seeds of twelve pea accessions collected from the arid regions of southern Tunisia, characterized by different colors of flowers and seed coats, were evaluated for their proteins, phenolic compounds and antioxidant activities. The protein content determined by the Bradford method ranged from 46.91 to 151.08 mg/g DW. The content of total phenol, total flavonoid and condensed tannin, ranging from 36.85 to 102.52 mg GAE/100 g DW, 6.95 to 48.11 mg QE/100 g DW, and 12.37 to 70.43 mg CE/100 g DW, respectively. These parameters were characterized respectively by the following three methods, the Folin‐Ciocalteu reagent, the aluminum chloride and the vanillin assay. The LC‐ESI/MS analysis identified the presence of 8 phenolic acids and 9 flavonoids which quinic acid, protocatechuic acid, hyperoside, and quercetin‐3‐O‐rhamnosidewere detected as the most abundant compounds. Moreover, the antioxidant activity of pea seeds was evaluated by the ABTS+and DPPH tests. Indeed, DPPH and ABTS anti‐free radical activity values ranged from 1.92 to 14.11 μmoL TEAC/g DW and 2.3 to 14.95 μmoL TEAC/g DW, respectively. The variability across the assessed traits revealed significant differences as computed by ANOVA tests. Else, the results showed significant correlations between seed coat color, seed shape, flower color and phenolic compounds. Therefore, genotypes characterized by a purple flower, brown seed coat, and wrinkled form had the highest levels of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity. Correlation analysis revealed that phenolic compounds presented a strong positive correlation with antioxidant activities, while being negatively correlated with protein content. UPGMA cluster and Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed two main groups. This work highlights the nutritional value of P. sativum seeds as a good source of natural antioxidant compounds that may be useful in the food and pharmaceutical industries.
SARS‐CoV‐2 cellular tropism and direct multiorgan failure in COVID‐19 patients: Bioinformatic predictions, experimental observations, and open questions
Authors: Valyaeva Anna A. , Zharikova Anastasia A. , Sheval Eugene V. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), the virus that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), has led to an unprecedented public health emergency worldwide. While common cold symptoms are observed in mild cases, COVID‐19 is accompanied by multiorgan failure in severe patients. Organ damage in COVID‐19 patients is partially associated with the indirect effects of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection (e.g., systemic inflammation, hypoxic‐ischemic damage, coagulopathy), but early processes in COVID‐19 patients that trigger a chain of indirect effects are connected with the direct infection of cells by the virus. To understand the virus transmission routes and the reasons for the wide‐spectrum of complications and severe outcomes of COVID‐19, it is important to identify the cells targeted by SARS‐CoV‐2. This review summarizes the major steps of investigation and the most recent findings regarding SARS‐CoV‐2 cellular tropism and the possible connection between the early stages of infection and multiorgan failure in COVID‐19. The SARS‐CoV‐2 pandemic is the first epidemic in which data extracted from single‐cell RNA‐seq (scRNA‐seq) gene expression data sets have been widely used to predict cellular tropism. The analysis presented here indicates that the SARS‐CoV‐2 cellular tropism predictions are accurate enough for estimating the potential susceptibility of different cells to SARS‐CoV‐2 infection; however, it appears that not all susceptible cells may be infected in patients with COVID‐19.
Lithotripsy for calcified in‐stent restenosis. The “rock strata peeling pattern”: A novel fracture pattern detected by optical coherence tomography
Authors: del Val David , Cuesta Javier , Roquero Pilar , Alfonso Fernando 
Published: October 2022

AbstractCalcified neoatherosclerosis represents a particularly challenging scenario in patients with in‐stent restenosis (ISR), frequently associated with worse angiographic and optical coherence tomography (OCT) results compared with other patients with typical ISR. Intravascular lithotripsy (IVL) has emerged as a safe and effective technology to circumferentially modify calcium in heavily calcified coronary lesions. Preliminary data also suggest its usefulness in calcified neoatheroscerosis. This case report aims to describe a novel fracture pattern after IVL identified by OCT (the “rock strata peeling pattern”) in patients presenting with ISR due to calcified neoatherosclerosis.
Feasibility of facilitated antegrade dissection with Stingray‐based re‐entry for coronary chronic total occlusions with previously stented graft‐to‐native‐vessel anastomoses
Authors: Parfrey Shane , Mozid Abdul 
Published: October 2022

AbstractFacilitated antegrade dissection re‐entry (F‐ADR) is a technique described for treating post coronary artery bypass surgery chronic total occlusions (CTO) when there is flush occlusion of the distal cap of the CTO at the vein graft anastomosis. In this scenario retrograde access is usually impossible and if antegrade wiring fails, F‐ADR is then the best option. Following antegrade dissection past the anastomosis, a balloon is delivered via the vein graft and inflated in the native vessel distal to the anastomosis to facilitate re‐entry using a Stingray catheter. However, the applicability and outcome of this technique have not been described in cases where the graft to native vessel anastomosis has previously been stented. We report a case series of successful CTO recanalization using F‐ADR across stented graft‐native vessel anastomoses.
Analysis and Optimization of Multistage Tesla Valves by Computational Fluid Dynamics and a Multi‐Objective Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Babaoğlu Nihan Uygur , Parvaz Farzad , Foroozesh Jamal , Hosseini Seyyed Hossein , Ahmadi Goodarz , Elsayed Khairy 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe multistage Tesla valve was optimized by minimizing the forward pressure drop (FPD) and maximizing the reverse pressure drop (RPD). First, computational fluid dynamics simulations were conducted; then, surrogate‐based optimization was done. Finally, an explicit correlation between the objective functions and the variables was developed to estimate the target functions directly. The results showed that decreasing the valve‐to‐valve distance over the hydraulic diameter (G/Dh) maximizes the diodicity (Di) and minimizes the FPD. When an increase in the RPD is desired, the Reynolds number (Re) should be increased, which leads to an increase in the FPD. The maximized Di value is 1.811 for Dh = 0.821, G/Dh = 0.993, N = 16, tan(α) = 0.848, and Re = 173.03. However, the minimum value of the FPD and the maximum RPD were found as 194.72 Pa and 352.69 Pa, respectively.
Far Red‐Shifted CdTe Quantum Dots for Multicolour Stimulated Emission Depletion Nanoscopy
Authors: Alvelid Jonatan , Bucci Andrea , Testa Ilaria 
Published: October 2022

AbstractStimulated emission depletion (STED) nanoscopy is a widely used nanoscopy technique. Two‐colour STED imaging in fixed and living cells is standardised today utilising both fluorescent dyes and fluorescent proteins. Solutions to image additional colours have been demonstrated using spectral unmixing, photobleaching steps, or long‐Stokes‐shift dyes. However, these approaches often compromise speed, spatial resolution, and image quality, and increase complexity. Here, we present multicolour STED nanoscopy with far red‐shifted semiconductor CdTe quantum dots (QDs). STED imaging of the QDs is optimized to minimize blinking effects and maximize the number of detected photons. The far‐red and compact emission spectra of the investigated QDs free spectral space for the simultaneous use of fluorescent dyes, enabling straightforward three‐colour STED imaging with a single depletion beam. We use our method to study the internalization of QDs in cells, opening up the way for future super‐resolution studies of particle uptake and internalization.
Revealing the Electrochemistry of Solid‐State Li‐SeS2 Battery via In‐Situ Transmission Electron Microscopy
Authors: Wang Zaifa , Guo Baiyu , Yan Jitong , Zhang Ziqi , Su Yong , Tang Yongfu , Zhang Liqiang , Zhu Lingyun , Huang Jianyu 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSexSy is considered as a promising cathode material as it can deliver higher energy density than selenium (Se) and offer improved conductivity and enhanced reaction kinetics compared with S. However, the electrochemistry of the Li‐SeS2 all‐solid‐state battery (ASSB) has not been well understood to date. Herein the electrochemistry of Li‐SeS2 battery was revealed by in‐situ transmission electron microscopy. The charge products were phase‐separated Se and S, rather than the widely believed SeS2. Among the various SexSy cathodes, SeS2 achieved the best electrochemical performance. The Li‐SeS2 ASSB delivered a high reversible capacity of 1052 mAh g−1 at 1 A g−1 over 350 cycles, and a high areal capacity of 4 mAh cm−2 was also achieved with a high cathode mass loading of 7.6 mg cm−2. These results represent the best performance achieved to date in the Li‐SeS2 ASSB and brings us one step closer toward its practical applications.
Process development for the total synthesis of the novel drug metabolite Carboxy toremifene as a standard reference material along with characterization and purity assessment for the Antidoping quality Control Purposes
Authors: Kumar Gangasani Jagadeesh , Pawar Sachin Dattram , Pawar Swati Ramesh , Khatib Abraroddin Mumtajoddin , Saini Anurag , Das Pintu , Sethi Kalyan K. , Radhakrishnanand Pullapanthula , Murty Upadhyayula Suryanarayana , Sahu P. L. , Dubey Sachin , Sahu Kapendra , Upadhyay Awanish , Kori Rajesh Kumar , Kumar Pramod 
Published: October 2022

AbstractTamoxifen and toremifene are two selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) commonly used to treat breast cancer in women. Toremifene is well‐known as a triphenylethylene derivative. Carboxy toremifene is a common metabolite of toremifene and tamoxifen. Since 2005, the World Anti‐Doping Agency (WADA) has banned the SERMs category during in and out of competition. These substances are in the S4 category in the WADA prohibited list as “agents with anti‐oestrogenic activity.” However, there is no commercially accessible carboxy toremifene reference material in the market. This research highlights the novel synthetic procedure, the development of a carboxy toremifene HPLC method, and validation, along with detailed characterization using advanced analytical techniques using 1H NMR, HRMS, FT‐IR‐ATR and UV–visible spectroscopy. RP‐HPLC‐DAD method was developed and validated to assess the purity of carboxy toremifene. Developed reference material has shown 100% purity. Therefore, we recommend that this synthesized carboxy toremifene may be used as reference material to strengthen the WADA‐accredited lab to maintain a clean sports mission during sports competitions.
Phase 2 trial with imeglimin in patients with Type 2 diabetes indicates effects on insulin secretion and sensitivity
Authors: Theurey Pierre , Thang Carole , Pirags Valdis , Mari Andrea , Pacini Giovanni , Bolze Sébastien , Hallakou‐Bozec Sophie , Fouqueray Pascale 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIntroductionThe aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of 18‐week monotherapy with imeglimin on glucose tolerance and on insulin secretion/sensitivity in type 2 diabetic (T2D) patients.MethodsThe study was an 18‐week, double‐blind clinical trial in T2D subjects previously treated with stable metformin therapy and washed out for 4 weeks. Subjects were randomized 1:1 to receive a 1500 mg bid of imeglimin or placebo. The primary endpoint was the effect of imeglimin vs placebo on changes from baseline to week 18 in glucose tolerance (glucose area under the curve [AUC]) during a 3 h‐glucose tolerance test [OGTT]). Secondary endpoints included glycaemic control and calculated indices of insulin secretion and sensitivity.ResultsA total of 59 subjects were randomized, 30 receiving imeglimin and 29 receiving placebo. The study met its primary endpoint. Least squares (LS) mean difference between treatment groups (imeglimin ‐ placebo) for AUC glucose from baseline to week 18 was −429.6 mmol/L·min (p = .001). Two‐hour post‐dose fasting plasma glucose was significantly decreased with LS mean differences of −1.22 mmol/L (p = .022) and HbA1c was improved with LS mean differences of −0.62% (p = .013). The AUC0‐180min ratio C‐peptide/glucose [LS mean differences of 0.041 nmol/mmol (p < .001)] and insulinogenic index were significantly increased by imeglimin treatment. The increase in insulin secretion was associated with an increase in beta‐cell glucose sensitivity. Additionally, the insulin sensitivity indices derived from the OGTT Stumvoll (p = .001) and Matsuda (not significant) were improved in the imeglimin group vs placebo. Imeglimin was well tolerated with 26.7% of subjects presenting at least one treatment‐emergent adverse event versus 58.6% of subjects in the placebo group.ConclusionsResults are consistent with a mode of action involving insulin secretion as well as improved insulin sensitivity and further support the potential for imeglimin to improve healthcare in T2D patients.
Predictors of clinical evolution of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in hematological patients: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Carrara Elena , Razzaboni Elisa , Azzini Anna Maria , De Rui Maria Elena , Pinho Guedes Mariana Nunes , Gorska Anna , Giannella Maddalena , Bussini Linda , Bartoletti Michele , Arbizzani Federica , Palacios‐Baena Zaira R. , Caponcello Giulia , Maldonado Natalia , Rodríguez‐Baño Jesús , Visco Carlo , Krampera Mauro , Tacconelli Evelina 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMain aim of this systematic review is to quantify the risk and identify predictors of clinical evolution of SARS‐CoV‐2 in hematological patients compared to different control populations. Two independent reviewers screened the literature assessing clinical outcomes of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in adult patients with active hematological malignancies published up to June 2021. Primary outcome was COVID‐19 related mortality, secondary outcomes were hospital and intensive‐care admission, mechanical ventilation (MV), and thromboembolic events. Variables related to study setting, baseline patients' demographic, comorbidities, underlying hematological disease, ongoing chemotherapy, COVID‐19 presentation, and treatments were extracted. A total of 67 studies including 10,061 hematological patients and 111,143 controls were included. Most of the studies were retrospective cohorts (51 studies, 76%) and only 19 (13%) provided data for a control group. A significant increased risk of clinical progression in the hematological population compared to the controls was found in terms of COVID‐19 related mortality (OR, 2.12; 95% CI, 1.77–2.54), hospitalization (OR, 1.98; 95% CI, 1.15–3.43), intensive‐care admission (OR, 1.77; 95% CI, 1.38–2.26), and MV (OR, 2.17; 95% CI, 1.71–2.75). The risk remained significantly higher in the subgroup analysis comparing hematological patients versus solid cancer. Meta‐regression analysis of uncontrolled studies showed that older age, male sex, and hypertension were significantly related to worse clinical outcomes of COVID‐19 in hematological population. Older age and hypertension were found to be associated also to thromboembolic events. In conclusion, hematological patients have a higher risk of COVID‐19 clinical progression compared to both the general population and to patients with solid cancer.
Impacts of different vegetation in riparian buffer strips on runoff and sediment loss
Authors: Dunn Robert M. , Hawkins Jane M. B. , Blackwell Martin S. A. , Zhang Yusheng , Collins Adrian L. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBuffer strips continue to feature in the management of agricultural runoff and water pollution in many countries. Existing research has explored their efficacy for reducing environmental problems in different geoclimatic settings but, the evidence on the efficacy of different vegetation treatments is less abundant than that for other buffer strip characteristics, including width, and is more contradictory in nature. With policy targets for various environmental outcomes including water or air quality and net zero pointing to the need for conversion of agricultural land, the need for robust experimental evidence on the relative benefits of different vegetation types in buffer strips is now renewed. Our experiment used a replicated plot scale facility to compare the efficacy of 12 m wide buffer strips for controlling runoff and suspended sediment loss during 15 sampled storms spanning 2017–2020. The buffer strips comprised three vegetation treatments: a deep rooting grass (Festulolium cv. Prior), a short rotation coppice willow and native broadleaved woodland trees. Over the duration of the monitoring period, reductions in total runoff, compared with the experimental control, were in the order: willow buffer strips (49%); deciduous woodland buffer strips (46%); grass buffer strips (33%). The corresponding reductions in suspended sediment loss, relative to the experimental control, were ordered: willow buffer strips (44%) > deciduous woodland buffer strips (30%) > grass buffer strips (29%). Given the 3‐year duration of our new dataset, our results should be seen as providing evidence on the impacts during the establishment phase of the treatments.
A 15‐year analysis of precipitation and rain garden response
Authors: Amur Achira , Wadzuk Bridget , Traver Robert 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe longevity and resilience of green stormwater infrastructure (GSI) over time is a key concern as municipalities around the world move to incorporating GSI into stormwater management strategies. The Villanova University bioinfiltration rain garden (BRG) was constructed as a retrofit of an existing parking lot traffic island in 2001 and has been monitored since 2003, providing a long hydrological data record that is valuable for an in‐depth analysis of rainfall characteristics and rain garden response. The goal of this research is to use the data to assess the reliability of a rain garden's response in terms of its ability to manage incoming runoff from different rainfall event sizes, distributions, and antecedent conditions. A high‐resolution analysis of rainfall event frequency was done for all rainfall events within a 15 year (2003–2018) study period. Rainfall events were discretized into 2.5 mm, 2‐hour bins. Rainfall within each bin were compared and contrasted to discern the similarity of the rainfall distribution and trends in rain garden response. The rainfall‐runoff parameters were also analysed to understand if the occurrence of overflow could be expected based on storm characteristics. Results show that of the 1202 recorded events, 82% of them were less than 25 mm. Approximately 15% of all observed events resulted in measurable overflow, ranging from 0.01 to 685 m3. When compared to the design storm standards set for the region for GSI (the 2‐year, 24‐hour event), only 1% of all the storms recorded at the site were higher in terms of precipitation amount and event duration. In terms of design, the static rainfall volumes set by the standards did not represent the variety of storms experienced at the site. The overall analysis provided lessons into system components that can be used to advance green infrastructure design and policy standards.
Spin‐Control in Electrocatalysis for Clean Energy
Authors: Liang Yunchang , Lihter Martina , Lingenfelder Magalí 
Published: October 2022

AbstractA sustainable future demands a successful transition from a carbon energy‐dependent economy towards renewable energy schemes, many of which ultimately rely on the development of efficient electrocatalysis that either converts chemical energy into electricity or uses electrons to produce chemical energy. In general, electrocatalysis studies focus on the interactions (e. g., electron transfer) between the catalyst surface and the reaction intermediates. However, the role of electron spin, as an intrinsic property of electrons, has commonly been overlooked. Recently, controlling the electron spin polarization at the catalyst's surface demonstrated the great potential of boosting both reaction activity and product selectivity. Molecule‐induced electron spin polarization inspired by the chiral‐induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect has started to have a remarkable impact in electrocatalysis. In this compact review, we summarize the latest studies that use molecule‐induced electron spin polarization to enhance catalytic performance. We focus on the reactions essential to the so‐called hydrogen economy, and discuss the feasibility and limitations of this effect. Finally, we share our perspective regarding the more impactful future applications.