bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Displacing (in)formality: endangered species, endangered city, and unstable grounds of comparison
Authors: Ojani Chakad 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIn this article, which is based on ethnographic fieldwork among fog oasis conservationists in Lima, Peru, I show how emergent ethics of conservation become enmeshed with discourses on (in)formality. I demonstrate this by framing contemporary concerns about the endangerment of species endemic to Lima against the background of more long‐running understandings of informal urbanization as a threat to the city itself. However, whilst serving as a means to inhibit the proliferation of informal settlements, fog oasis conservation simultaneously affords a set of techniques for squatters to circumvent marginalization. Further, whereas actors engaged in land seizures are thought to mimic conservation practices to avoid eviction, conservation occasionally entails the adoption of illicit methods, which render conservationists themselves susceptible to denunciation by the very collectives they aim to marginalize. I argue that these momentary displacements of (in)formality unsettle the perspectivalist terms of comparison between self and other upon which anthropological analyses of informality sometimes rely.
Learning from the first 12 months of the Tasmanian Trauma Registry
Authors: Mahoney Adam , Collins Clare , Hawkins Jenni 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe Tasmanian Trauma Registry began collecting data in April 2020 and in April 2021 the first 12 months' data were submitted to the Australia New Zealand Trauma Registry. In this perspective, we share the lessons we have learned in establishing a trauma registry and acknowledge how important support from the broader trauma community has been in allowing Tasmania to participate in national benchmarking and quality assurance processes.
Epiplakin1 promotes the progression of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by activating the PI3K‐AKT signaling pathway
Authors: Qiao Zhongshi , Dai Chengcheng , Wang Zhiqian , Wang Zifan , Wang Zheng , Zhang Tongsong , Niu Wenjing , Ma Xuezhen 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundEpiplakin1 (EPPK1) has been associated with disease progression and unfavorable prognosis of many cancers, but its functional involvement in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remains to be uncovered.MethodsThe Quantitative Real‐time PCR (qPCR) assay was employed to determine the expression of EPPK1 in ESCC tissues and cells. CCK‐8 assay, colony forming assay, wound healing assay, and transwell invasion assay were utilized to evaluate the effects of EPPK1 on cell proliferation, migration, and invasion capacity in ESCC cells using small interfering ribonucleic acids. Flow cytometry was performed to estimate the cell apoptotic rate caused by silencing of EPPK1. The proteins related to epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition (EMT), apoptosis, and activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase/serine threonine protein kinase 1 (PI3K/AKT) signaling pathway were measured by western blot.ResultsThe expression of EPPK1 was dramatically increased in ESCC tissues and cells compared to that in relative controls. Additionally, silencing of EPPK1 suppressed ESCC cell growth, colony formation, migration, invasion, and EMT, while promoting ESCC cell apoptosis. Furthermore, EPPK1 induced ESCC cell progression via mediating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.ConclusionEPPK1 promotes ESCC progression by modulating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and could serve as a potential target for ESCC treatment.
Relationship between cognitive and affective processes, and willingness to pay for pesticide‐free and GMO‐free labeling
Authors: Grebitus Carola , Van Loo Ellen J. 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Research has suggested to not solely include cognitive processes but also affective processes in economic choice modeling. Studying Medjool dates, we conducted a laboratory experiment combining choice experiments and eye‐tracking to account for cognitive processes. In addition, participants indicated their level of worry related to production practices to account for affective processes. Our results show that consumers worry more about pesticide residues than genetic modification in foods. They also pay more attention to labels related to these production practices compared to other labels; and the production practice labels received the highest willingness to pay (WTP). Results from linear regressions show that both cognitive and affective processes are associated with WTP. Especially in the full model for WTP for pesticide‐free labeling an increase of attention by 1 s increases WTP on average by $0.10 and an increase of the level of worry from one category to the next increases WTP on average by $0.17. Overall, results show that including both cognitive and affective processes as explanatory variables is important when determining factors associated with WTP.
A new prognostic model including platelet/lymphocyte ratio and International Prognostic Score 3 for freedom from progression in patients with previously untreated advanced classical Hodgkin lymphoma
Authors: Tao Yunxia , Chen Haizhu , Zhou Yu , He Xiaohu , Qin Yan , Liu Peng , Zhou Shengyu , Yang Jianliang , Zhou Liqiang , Zhang Changgong , Yang Sheng , Gui Lin , Shi Yuankai 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPurposeWe aimed to develop a new risk stratification tool to predict freedom from progression (FFP) for newly diagnosed advanced classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL).MethodsWe collected data from 386 patients with advanced cHL diagnosed between December 8, 2000 and October 29, 2018, and treated with curative intent with ABVD (doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine) or an ABVD‐equivalent regimen. Cases were randomly divided into training and validation cohorts at a ratio of 7:3. The new model was constructed based on the results of Cox proportional hazards model in the training cohort. Comparisons of discrimination between the new model and other models in the training and validation cohorts for FFP prediction were measured by time‐dependent area under curve (tAUC) and Harrell's C‐index. Calibration plots were constructed to compare the consistency between the predicted and observed estimates of survival probability for the new model in the training and validation cohorts.ResultsThe new model (IPSPLR) composed of International Prognostic Score (IPS)‐3 and platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR) provided four distinct risk groups. The IPSPLR showed better discriminative ability when compared with IPS‐3 and IPS‐7. The AUC of IPSPLR was consistently higher than that of IPS‐3 and IPS‐7 between 12 and 120 months. The C‐index of the IPSPLR was higher than that of IPS‐7 and IPS‐3. The calibration plots showed an excellent agreement between the IPSPLR‐predicted and observed estimates of 5‐year FFP.ConclusionThe IPSPLR is an easily used tool for FFP prediction for newly diagnosed advanced cHL. Validation of this tool in other large datasets is needed.
Intuitive eating is positively associated with indicators of physical and mental health among rural Australian adults
Authors: Van Dyke Nina , Drinkwater Eric J. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractIntroductionRural Australians have comparatively higher rates of overweight and obesity, as well as some mental health issues. Intuitive eating has been shown to be positively associated with an array of physical and mental health indicators. Few studies, however, have been conducted with general populations, and none has explicitly examined intuitive eating among rural residents.ObjectiveTo investigate the prevalence of intuitive eating, and associations between intuitive eating and indicators of physical and mental health, among a general population of rural adults.DesignCross‐sectional telephone survey of 200 randomly selected, non‐metropolitan, English‐speaking Australian residents aged 18 or older.FindingsThe prevalence of intuitive eating in the sample was 17.6%, with a higher level of intuitive eating among men than women (26.1% vs 9.1%). Bivariate associations between intuitive eating and each of the six health indicators were all positive and mostly statistically significant. Particularly strong was the correlation between intuitive eating and self‐esteem for women (r = 0.53). After controlling for indication of an eating disorder and demographics, the associations between intuitive eating and the outcome variables held for body mass index (BMI), psychological distress and body esteem for men, and for BMI and self‐esteem for women. Post hoc analyses found that BMI did not moderate the relationship for women between intuitive eating and self‐esteem and that body esteem mediates the relationships between intuitive eating and BMI and psychological distress for men, and between intuitive eating and self‐esteem for women.DiscussionConsistent with most prior research, this study finds that intuitive eating is positively associated with several indicators of both physical and mental health among non‐metropolitan residents in Australia. Practice of intuitive eating in this population, however, is low. These findings may help allied health professionals guide rural populations to better health, and may be a particularly effective approach for people for whom the barriers to seeking out health services are high.ConclusionIntuitive eating appears to have substantial correlations with mental health indicators, and to some extent, physical health indicators, among rural Australians and therefore should be further investigated for its potential to inform public health policy targeted to similar populations.
Linking ethnic/racial discrimination to adolescent mental health: Sleep disturbances as an explanatory pathway
Authors: Yip Tiffany , Xie Mingjun , Cham Heining , El Sheikh Mona 
Published: March 2022

AbstractEthnic/racial discrimination is associated with negative psychosocial outcomes, and this study considered sleep disturbance as a mediating pathway. Employing a combination of daily diary and biannual surveys, multilevel structural equation models estimated the indirect effects of sleep/wake concerns on negative, anxious, and positive mood, rumination, and somatic symptoms. In a sample of 350 urban Asian (74% Chinese, 8% Korean, 4% Indian, 1% Filipinx, 1% Vietnamese, and 12% other), Black, and Latinx (25% Dominican, 24% South American, 22% Mexican, 15% Puerto Rican, 5% Central American, and 9% other) youth (M = 14.27 years, 69% female, 77% U.S. born, 76% monoethnic/racial, data collected from 2015 to 2018), there was evidence for sleep disturbances mediating the impact of ethnic/racial discrimination on adjustment. Nighttime disturbance, daytime dysfunction, and daytime sleepiness evidenced partial or full mediation for daily‐ and person‐level outcomes (υ = 0.1%–17.9%). Reciprocal associations between sleep disturbances and negative mood and rumination were also observed.
Reporting of absolute and relative risk measures in oral health and cardiovascular events studies: A systematic review
Authors: Raittio Eero , Ashraf Javed , Farmer Julie , Nascimento Gustavo G. , Aldossri Musfer 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo understand the magnitude of risk of health events, such as cardiovascular diseases (CVD), related to poor oral health, both relative and absolute risk measures should be reported. Our aim was to investigate the extent to which absolute and relative measures of risk are reported in longitudinal studies that assess the association between oral health indicators (OHIs) and CVD.MethodsA systematic search of longitudinal studies investigating the association of any OHI with CVD was carried out using the Embase, Medline and Cochrane library databases. The search covered each database from its inception date to August 2021. Data about reporting relative and absolute risks of the relationship between CVD and OHI from the abstract were extracted. If the relative risk for OHIs and CVD was reported in the abstract, then the underlying absolute risks were searched from the full text, and it was assessed whether it was similarly adjusted for confounding than was the relative risk in the abstract.ResultsOne hundred‐six articles were included. From these, 85 (80%) studies reported the association of OHIs and CVD with one or more relative risks in the abstract. Of those 85 studies, the underlying absolute risks were accessible or calculable from the abstract or full text of 60 studies. However, of these 60 studies, in only 10 (12%), the underlying absolute risks were similarly adjusted, as were the relative risks in the abstract. The absolute risks of CVD by OHIs were rarely reported without corresponding relative risks in the abstract (n = 2, 2%). Median absolute risk difference in the CVD risk between exposure levels to which the first relative risk in the abstract referred was 1.8% (interquartile range 0.6–4.6, n = 63).ConclusionsFocusing on relative risks over absolute risks was a common practice in literature. Reporting similarly adjusted underlying absolute risks of relative risks was rare in most studies, despite those being helpful for comprehending the magnitude of CVD‐risk increase related to poor oral health. Current reporting practices could lead to an overinterpretation of risk increase of CVD related to poor oral health.
‘Childhood in the shadow of prison bars’: How school counselors cope while counseling children of incarcerated parents
Authors: Levkovich Inbar , Ne'emani Hagit 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis qualitative study examines how school counsellors perceive children aged 14–18 whose fathers are incarcerated. Three main themes emerged from the in‐depth, semi‐structured interviews: (1) The school counsellors perceived feelings of vulnerability, shame, anger and lack of trust amongst the adolescents. (2) The father's incarceration was a turning point in the lives of families and served as a catalyst for major economic decline, forcing the adolescents to fend for themselves. (3) The school counsellors often felt frustrated and unsuccessful in dealing with the complex issues these students faced. In addition, helping these adolescents affected their personal lives outside work.
Non‐surgical peri‐implantitis treatment with or without systemic antibiotics: a randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Polymeri Angeliki , van der Horst Joyce , Anssari Moin David , Wismeijer Daniel , Loos Bruno G. , Laine Marja L. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo assess the adjunctive effect of systemic amoxicillin (AMX) and metronidazole (MTZ) in patients receiving non‐surgical treatment (NST) for peri‐implantitis (PI).Materials and methodsThirty‐seven patients were randomized into an experimental group treated with NST plus AMX + MTZ (N = 18) and a control group treated with NST alone (N = 19). Clinical parameters were evaluated at 12 weeks post‐treatment. The primary outcome was the change in peri‐implant pocket depth (PIPD) from baseline to 12 weeks, while secondary outcomes included bleeding on probing (BoP), suppuration on probing (SoP), and plaque. Data analysis was performed at patient level (one target site per patient).ResultsAll 37 patients completed the study. Both groups showed a significant PIPD reduction after NST. The antibiotics group showed a higher mean reduction in PIPD at 12 weeks, compared with the control group (2.28 ± 1.49 mm vs. 1.47 ± 1.95 mm), however, this difference did not reach statistical significance. There was no significant effect of various potential confounders on PIPD reduction. Neither treatment resulted in significant improvements in BoP at follow‐up; 30 of 37 (81%) target sites still had BoP after treatment. Only two implants, one in each group, exhibited a successful outcome defined as PIPD < 5 mm, and absence of BoP and SoP.ConclusionsNon‐surgical treatment was able to reduce PIPD at implants with PI. The adjunctive use of systemic AMX and MTZ did not show statistically significant better results compared to NST alone. NST with or without antibiotics was ineffective to completely resolve inflammation around dental implants.
Antiemetic effects of baclofen in a shrew model of postoperative nausea and vomiting: Whole‐transcriptome analysis in the nucleus of the solitary tract
Authors: Konno Daisuke , Sugino Shigekazu , Shibata Tomoko F , Misawa Kazuharu , Imamura‐Kawasawa Yuka , Suzuki Jun , Kido Kanta , Nagasaki Masao , Yamauchi Masanori 
Published: March 2022

AbstractAimsThe molecular genetic mechanisms underlying postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in the brain have not been fully elucidated. This study aimed to determine the changes in whole transcriptome in the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) in an animal model of PONV, to screen a drug candidate and to elucidate the molecular genetic mechanisms of PONV development.MethodsTwenty‐one female musk shrews were assigned into three groups: the Surgery group (shrew PONV model, n = 9), the Sham group (n = 6), and the Naïve group (n = 6). In behavioral studies, the main outcome was the number of emetic episodes. In genetic experiments, changes in the transcriptome in the NTS were measured. In a separate study, 12 shrews were used to verify the candidate mechanism underlying PONV.ResultsA median of six emetic episodes occurred in both the Sham and Surgery groups. Whole‐transcriptome analysis indicated the inhibition of the GABAB receptor‐mediated signaling pathway in the PONV model. Baclofen (GABAB receptor agonist) administration eliminated emetic behaviors in the shrew PONV model.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that the GABAB receptor‐mediated signaling pathway is involved in emesis and that baclofen may be a novel therapeutic or prophylactic agent for PONV.
Does managerial ability matter for corporate climate change disclosures?
Authors: Daradkeh Hussein , Shams Syed , Bose Sudipta , Gunasekarage Abeyratna 
Published: March 2022

AbstractResearch Question/IssueThis study examines the association between managerial ability and the extent of firm‐level climate change disclosures and the moderating role of corporate governance in this association.Research Findings/InsightsResults based on a sample of 2298 firm‐year observations from the United States (US) from 2005 to 2019 suggest that firms with more capable managers tend to make more climate change disclosures. This significant positive association is weakened when firms suffer from weak corporate governance. These findings remain robust after addressing omitted time‐invariant variable bias, observable heterogeneity bias, sample selection bias, and reverse causality and when using alternative climate change disclosure proxies. Further analysis shows that climate change disclosures have a mediating role in the association between managerial ability and firm valuation.Theoretical/Academic ImplicationsGiven the growing importance of integrating climate change‐related information into a firm's operations and the pressure exerted by various stakeholders, understanding the drivers of climate change disclosures has emerged as an important area of research in the accounting and finance literature. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to examine any link between managerial ability and climate change disclosures.Practitioner/Policy ImplicationsConsidering the recent pressure imposed on companies by regulatory authorities for more climate change disclosures, our study's findings have important implications for regulators, policy makers, investors, financial analysts, researchers, and firms.
What is the optimal management of thromboprophylaxis after liver transplantation regarding prevention of bleeding, hepatic artery, or portal vein thrombosis? A systematic review of the literature and expert panel recommendations
Authors: Kirchner Varvara A. , O'Farrell Bryan , Imber Charles , McCormack Lucas , Northup Patrick G. , Song Gi‐Won , Spiro Michael , Raptis Dimitri A. , Durand François ,   the ERAS4OLT.org Working Group
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundA key tenet of clinical management of patients post liver transplantation (LT) is the prevention of thrombotic and bleeding complications. This systematic review investigated the optimal management of thromboprophylaxis after LT regarding portal vein thrombosis (PVT) or hepatic artery thrombosis (HAT) and prevention of bleeding.MethodsSystematic review following PRISMA guidelines and recommendations using the GRADE approach derived from an international expert panel. Seven databases were used to conduct extensive literature searches focusing on the use of anticoagulation in LT and its impact on the following outcomes: PVT, HAT, and bleeding (CRD42021244288).ResultsOf the 2478 articles/abstracts screened, 16 studies were included in the final review. All articles were critically appraised by a panel of independent reviewers. There was wide variation regarding the anticoagulation protocols used. Thromboprophylaxis with therapeutic doses of heparin/Vitamin K antagonist combination did not decrease the risk of de novo or the recurrence of PVT but was associated with an increased risk of bleeding in some studies. Only the use of aspirin resulted in a small but significant decrease in the incidence of HAT post‐LT, yet it did not increase the risk of bleeding.ConclusionsBased on existing data and expert opinion, thromboprophylaxis at therapeutic or prophylactic dose is not recommended for prevention of de novo PVT following LT in patients not at high risk. Aspirin should be considered as the standard of care following LT to prevent HAT. Thromboprophylaxis should be strongly considered in recipients at risk of HAT and PVT following LT.
Sodium‐glucose co‐transporter‐2 inhibitors in patients with type 2 diabetes: Barriers and solutions for improving uptake in routine clinical practice
Authors: Khunti Kamlesh , Jabbour Serge , Cos Xavier , Mudaliar Sunder , Mende Christian , Bonaca Marc , Fioretto Paola 
Published: March 2022

AbstractRecent advances in type 2 diabetes (T2D) research have highlighted the benefits of sodium‐glucose co‐transporter‐2 (SGLT‐2) inhibitors, including cardiovascular and renal protection. However, uptake rates of these drugs remain low in patients with T2D, particularly in subpopulations most likely to benefit from them. This review considers the potential barriers to prescribing SGLT‐2 inhibitors in T2D in clinical practice and outlines potential multidisciplinary recommendations to overcome these barriers. Safety concerns and a lack of clarity in and divergence of guidelines around the introduction of SGLT‐2 inhibitors into treatment regimens may represent a barrier to uptake from the clinicians' perspective, including a general lack of understanding of the benefits associated with SGLT‐2 inhibitors. Patient characteristics, such as socioeconomic status, may influence uptake because of the cost of SGLT‐2 inhibitors, especially in the United States, where health insurance coverage could be a concern. SGLT‐2 inhibitor prescription rates vary between clinical specialty (endocrinology, primary care, cardiology, and nephrology) and country, with cardiologists the lowest prescribers, and endocrinologists the highest. Primary care practitioners may experience more challenges in following SGLT‐2 inhibitor‐related guidelines than diabetes specialists as there may be fewer opportunities for education on how this drug class improves cardiovascular and renal outcomes in patients with T2D. Uptake rates appear to vary between countries because of differences in guidelines and health insurance systems. The amendment of SGLT‐2 inhibitor‐related guidelines for more multidisciplinary use and the implementation of patient and clinician education may encourage uptake of these drugs, potentially improving long‐term health outcomes among patients with T2D.
Abrupt formation of intracardiac thrombus during patent foramen ovale closure by three‐dimensional transesophageal echocardiography
Authors: Zhang Chunquan , Li Xia , Li He , Xie Mingxing 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe report a rare case of abrupt formation of intracardiac thrombus during patent foramen ovale closure by three‐dimensional transesophageal echocardiography. This case highlights transesophageal echocardiography allows timely detection and management of intracardiac thrombus formation.