bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perceived Barriers and Facilitators of Using Synchronous Telerehabilitation of Physical and Occupational Therapy in Musculoskeletal Disorders: A Scoping Review
Authors: Tao Lydia , Carboni-Jiménez Andrea , Turner Kimberly , Østbø Nora , Aguila Kylene , Boruff Jill , Carrier Marie-Eve , Krishnan Ankur , Azar Christiane , Guindon Andréanne , Viens Natacha , Ahmed Sara , Thombs Brett D. , Kwakkenbos Linda 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACTPurposePhysical and occupational therapy interventions are increasingly delivered through videoconferencing to overcome barriers related to face-to-face delivery. The objective of this scoping review was to identify barriers and facilitators of using synchronous telerehabilitation to deliver these interventions for musculoskeletal disorders.Materials and MethodsMEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycInfo, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, and ProQuest Dissertations and Theses databases were searched in May 2020. Qualitative and quantitative studies in any language that described barriers and facilitators of using synchronous videoconferencing for physical or occupational interventions or assessments for individuals with musculoskeletal diseases were eligible.ResultsTwenty-three publications were included that reported 59 facilitators and 41 barriers to using telerehabilitation. All included studies (100%) reported on facilitators, and 20 (87%) studies also reported on barriers. Most commonly reported facilitators included convenience and accessibility of services, audio and visual quality, and financial and time savings. Most commonly reported barriers included technological issues, privacy concerns, impersonal connection, and difficulty establishing rapport between patients and healthcare professionals.ConclusionsFactors including quality and user-friendliness may facilitate the delivery of physical or occupational therapy interventions or assessments for musculoskeletal diseases using telerehabilitation. Strategies to address key barriers should be considered when developing and implementing such interventions or assessments.Implications for rehabilitationVideoconferencing with a healthcare professional can be an effective way to deliver patient-centered physical or occupational therapy telerehabilitation interventions.Strategies to combat barriers to using telerehabilitation may include using a stable, high-quality videoconferencing platform, enhancing self-efficacy to using videoconferencing amongst patients and health care providers, and addressing concerns related to privacy.During the current COVID-19 pandemic, the present study provides insight into the successful development and delivery of physical or occupational telerehabilitation interventions for at-risk populations.
STIMULATE-ICP: A pragmatic, multi-centre, cluster randomised trial of an integrated care pathway with a nested, Phase III, open label, adaptive platform randomised drug trial in individuals with Long COVID: a structured protocol
Authors: Forshaw Denise , Wall Emma C , Prescott Gordon , Dehbi Hakim-Moulay , Green Angela , Attree Emily , Hismeh Lyth , Strain William D , Crooks Michael G , Watkins Caroline , Robson Chris , Banerjee Rajarshi , Lorgelly Paula , Heightman Melissa , Banerjee Amitava ,   the STIMULATE-ICP trial team
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACTIntroductionLong COVID (LC), the persistent symptoms ≥12 weeks following acute COVID-19, presents major threats to individual and public health across countries, affecting over 1.5 million people in the UK alone. Evidence-based interventions are urgently required and an integrated care pathway (ICP) approach in pragmatic trials, which include investigations, treatments and rehabilitation for LC, could provide scalable and generalisable solutions at pace.Methods and analysisThis is a pragmatic, multi-centre, cluster-randomised clinical trial of two components of an ICP (Coverscan™, a multi-organ MRI, and Living with COVID Recovery™, a digitally enabled rehabilitation platform) with a nested, Phase III, open label, platform randomised drug trial in individuals with LC. Cluster randomisation is at level of primary care networks so that ICP interventions are delivered as “standard of care” in that area. The drug trial randomisation is at individual level and initial arms are rivaroxaban, colchicine, famotidine/loratadine, compared with no drugs, with potential to add in further drug arms. The trial is being carried out in 6-10 NHS LC clinics in the UK and is evaluating the effectiveness of a pathway of care for adults with LC in reducing fatigue and other physical, psychological and functional outcomes (e.g. EQ-5D-5L, GAD-7, PHQ-9, WSAS, PDQ-5, CFQ, SF-12, MRC Dyspnoea score) at 3 months. The trial also includes an economic evaluation which will be described separately.Ethics and disseminationThe protocol was reviewed by South Central - Berkshire Research Ethics Committee (reference: 21/SC/0416). All participating sites obtained local approvals prior to recruitment. Coverscan™has UKCA certification (752965). The first participant was recruited in July 2022 and interim/final results will be disseminated in 2023, in a plan co-developed with public and patient representatives. The results will be presented at national and international conferences, published in peer reviewed medical journals, and shared via media (mainstream and social) and patient support organisations.Trial registration numberISRCTN10665760
Methods and Outcomes Reporting in Exercise-Based Cardiovascular Rehabilitation Research: a cross-sectional analysis
Authors: Freccia Guilherme W , dos Santos Rafaella Zulianello , De Lucca Leonardo , Korbes Andrea Schaefer , de Carvalho Tales 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThe poor reporting quality of methods and outcomes is relatively recognized in the biomedical field. Its prevalence and implications have been studied in the cardiovascular rehabilitation literature but not so extensively in exercise-based trials. Our main objective was to cross-sectionally estimate the prevalence of both methodological and outcome reporting items in CVR trials with EBI. We also searched for associations (secondary outcomes) between (1) the effect size reported and the direction of the primary outcome, as well as (2) associations with the frequency of Spin. We cross-sectionally screened the sample of eligible trials dated between 2017 and 2021, and then collected the prevalence of methodological and outcome characteristics, independent and blinded manner. Our study shows that there was an insufficient reporting of methods and outcomes. Also, studies reporting effect size measures had a lower chance of Spin. The primary outcome effect size was not reported in 35% of the studies SES. However, more than 2/3 of the sample (69%) had a statement in the discussion or conclusion sections mentioning clinical relevance or meaningful benefit of the statistically significant results. Selective outcome reporting has important implications for translating science into practice, once not so threatens the validity of an intervention effectiveness, but also frustrates the use of its evidence in meta-analyses.What is new?Our study shows that randomized controlled trials with cardiovascular rehabilitation based on exercise insufficiently reported the various methods and outcomes characteristics.Although nearly 70% studies had stated its outcomes as clinically meaningful within our sample, about 41%of the studies clearly stated the primary outcome confidence intervals.More than half of the sample presented at least one spin in the results section, and studies reporting effect size measures had a lower chance of Spin.40% of the studies within our sample did not report a priori sample size calculation, with 1/4 not stating the number of randomized subjects that could meet the intended power.We did not find any associations regarding the direction of the results (positive or negative) and the prevalence of spin, contrary to what have been found in the literature.
Symbiosis-driven development in an early branching metazoan
Authors: Ohdera Aki H. , Darymple Justin , Avila-Magaña Viridiana , Sharp Victoria , Watson Kelly , McCauley Mark , Steinworth Bailey , Diaz-Almeyda Erika M. , Kitchen Sheila A. , Poole Angela Z. , Bellantuono Anthony , Haridas Sajeet , Grigoriev Igor V. , Goentoro Lea , Vallen Elizabeth , Baker David M. , LaJeunesse Todd C. , Loesgen Sandra , Martindale Mark Q. , DeGennaro Matthew , Fitt William K. , Medina Mónica 
Published: July 2022

AbstractMicrobes can initiate developmental gene regulatory cascades in animals. The molecular mechanisms underlying microbe-induced animal development and the evolutionary steps to integrate microbial signals into regulatory programs remain poorly understood. In the upside-down jellyfishCassiopea xamachana, a dinoflagellate endosymbiont initiates the life stage transition from the sessile polyp to the sexual medusa. We found that metabolic products derived from symbiont carotenoids may be important to initiateC. xamachanadevelopment, in addition to expression of conserved genes involved in medusa development of non-symbiotic jellyfish. We also revealed the transcription factor COUP is expressed during metamorphosis, potentially as a co-regulator of nuclear receptor RXR. These data suggest relatively few steps may be necessary to integrate symbiont signals into gene regulatory networks and cements the role of the symbiont as a key trigger for life history transition inC. xamachana.
Microaerophilic activated sludge system for ammonia recovery from high-strength nitrogenous wastewater: Performance and microbial communities
Authors: Tsukamoto Hiroki , Phan Hop Van , Suenaga Toshikazu , Yasuda Shohei , Kuroiwa Megumi , Riya Shohei , Ogata Atsushi , Hori Tomoyuki , Terada Akihiko 
Published: July 2022

AbstractA transition to ammonia recovery from wastewater has started; however, a technology for sustainable nitrogen retention in the form of ammonia is still in development. This study validated a microaerophilic activated sludge (MAS) system to efficiently retain ammonia from high-strength nitrogenous wastewater. The MAS is based on conventional activated sludge (CAS) with aerobic and settling compartments. Low dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations (<0.1 mg/L) and short solid retention times (SRTs) (<5 d) eliminated nitrifying bacteria. The two parallel MASs were successfully operated for 300 d and had ammonia retention of 101.7 ± 24.9% and organic carbon removal of 85.5 ± 8.9%. The MASs mitigated N2O emissions with an emission factor of <0.23%, much lower than the default value of CAS (1.6%). A short-term step-change test demonstrated that N2O indicated the initiation of nitrification and the completion of denitrification in the MAS. The parallel MASs had comparable microbial diversity, promoting organic carbon oxidation while inhibiting ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms (AOMs), as revealed by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, qPCR of functional genes, and fluorescent in situ hybridization of β-Proteobacteria AOB. The microbial analyses also uncovered that filamentous bacteria were positively correlated with effluent turbidity. Together, controlling DO and SRT achieved successful ammonia retention, mainly by suppressing AOM activity. This process represents a new nitrogen management paradigm.SynopsisMoving from nitrogen removal to nitrogen recovery is critical for establishing a sustainable society. We provided proof-of-the-concept for a novel ammonia retention technology by retrofitting an activated sludge system.
Effects ofWolbachiaon transposable element activity largely depend onDrosophila melanogasterhost genotype
Authors: Eugénio Ana T. , Marialva Marta S. P. , Beldade Patrícia 
Published: July 2022

AbstractTransposable elements (TEs) are repetitive DNA sequences capable of changing position in host genomes, thereby causing mutations. TE insertions typically have deleterious effects but they can also be beneficial. Increasing evidence of the contribution of TEs to adaptive evolution further raises interest in understanding what factors impact TE activity. Based on previous studies associating the bacterial endosymbiontWolbachiato changes in the abundance of piRNAs, a mechanism for TE repression, and to transposition of specific TEs, we hypothesized thatWolbachiainfection would interfere with TE activity. We tested this hypothesis by studying expression of 14 TEs in a panel of 25Drosophila melanogasterhost genotypes, naturally infected withWolbachiaand annotated for TE insertions. The host genotypes differed significantly inWolbachiatiters inside individual flies, with broad-sense heritability around 20%, and in the number of TE insertions, which depended greatly on TE identity. By removingWolbachiafrom the target host genotypes, we generated a panel of 25 pairs ofWolbachia-positive andWolbachia-negative lines in which we quantified transcription levels our target TEs. We found variation in TE expression that was dependent onWolbachiastatus, TE identity, and host genotype. Comparing between pairs ofWolbachia-positive andWolbachia-negative flies, we found thatWolbachiaremoval affected TE expression in 23.7% of the TE-genotype combinations tested, with up to 4.6 times differences in median level of transcript. Our data shows thatWolbachiacan impact TE activity in host genomes, underscoring the importance this endosymbiont can have in the generation of genetic novelty in hosts.
Single-molecule localization microscopy reveals the ultrastructural root constitution of distal appendages in expanded mammalian centrioles
Authors: Chang Ting-Jui Ben , Hsu Jimmy Ching-Cheng , Yang T. Tony 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDistal appendages (DAPs) are vital in cilia formation, mediating vesicular and ciliary docking to the plasma membrane during early ciliogenesis. Although numerous DAP proteins arranging a nine-fold symmetry have been studied using superresolution microscopy analyses, the extensive ultrastructural understanding of the DAP root structure developing from the centriole wall remains elusive owing to insufficient resolution. Here, we proposed a pragmatic imaging strategy for two-color single-molecule localization microscopy of swellable mammalian DAP proteins. Importantly, our imaging workflow enables us to push the resolution limit of a light microscope well close to an electron microscopy level, thus achieving an unprecedented λ/200 mapping precision inside intact cells. Upon this workflow, we unravel the ultraresolved higher-order protein complexes of the core DAP. Intriguingly, C2CD3, microtubule triplet, and ODF2 jointly constitute the spatial basis of DAP, suggesting a unique configuration of the DAP assembly. Moreover, our results show that the distal-layered ODF2 labeled at the N- and C-terminus construct a fastening unit encircling the microtubule triplets. Together, we develop an organelle-based drift correction protocol and a two-color solution with minimum crosstalk, allowing a robust localization microscopy imaging of expanded cellular structures deep into the gel-specimen composites.
Cohesin is involved in transcriptional repression of stage-specific genes in the human malaria parasite
Authors: Rosa Catarina , Singh Parul , Sinha Ameya , Preiser Peter R , Dedon Peter C , Baumgarten Sebastian , Scherf Artur , Bryant Jessica M 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACTThe most virulent human malaria parasite, Plasmodium falciparum, has a complex life cycle between its human host and mosquito vector. Each stage is driven by a specific transcriptional program, but with a relatively high ratio of genes to specific transcription factors, it is unclear how genes are activated or silenced at specific times. The P. falciparum genome is relatively euchromatic compared to the mammalian genome, except for specific genes that are uniquely heterochromatinized via HP1. There seems to be an association between gene activity and spatial organization; however, the molecular mechanisms behind genome organization are unclear. While P. falciparum lacks key genome-organizing proteins found in metazoans, it does have all core components of the cohesin complex. In other eukaryotes, cohesin is involved in sister chromatid cohesion, transcription, and genome organization. To investigate the role of cohesin in P. falciparum, we combined genome editing, mass spectrometry, chromatin immunoprecipitation and sequencing (ChIP-seq), and RNA sequencing to functionally characterize the cohesin subunit Structural Maintenance of Chromosomes protein 3 (SMC3). SMC3 knockdown in early stages of the intraerythrocytic developmental cycle (IDC) resulted in significant upregulation of a subset of genes involved in erythrocyte egress and invasion, which are normally expressed at later stages. ChIP-seq of SMC3 revealed that over the IDC, enrichment at the promoter regions of these genes inversely correlates with their expression and chromatin accessibility levels. These data suggest that SMC3 binding helps to repress specific genes until their appropriate time of expression, revealing a new mode of stage-specific, HP1-independent gene repression in P. falciparum.
Blood Chemistry Analysis in an Active Pneumocystis Pneumonia (PCP) Model Treated with Selective CARD9 Inhibitor BRD5529
Authors: Kottom Theodore J. , Schaefbauer Kyle , Limper Andrew H. 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACTBackgroundPneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) in AIDS and other immunosuppressive states that result from absence of CD4 lymphocytic immunity, continues to be a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. We and others have shown the importance of CARD9 in PCP and other fungal infections, respectively. BRD5529 has been shown to be an effective in vitro and in vivo (18 hour) inhibitor of Pneumocystis β-glucans induced proinflammatory response. These recent results, along with recent general safety and toxicology assessments suggests the application of BRD5529 in an active PCP mouse model of infection to assess initial blood toxicology parameters.MethodsTo assess preliminary blood toxicology, mice were injected intraperitoneally (IP) daily either with vehicle or BRD5529 at 1.0 mg/kg for one week starting at the 6th week of the PCP mouse model. After one week, mice were sacrificed, and blood collection postmortem was performed for blood chemistry analysis.ResultsAnalysis of blood chemistry showed a significant reduction in blood urea nitrogen (BUN) in the BRD5529 IP treated PCP mice cohort compared to the vehicle control group. All other blood chemistry parameters were not significantly different between the two groups.ConclusionsBRD5529 in this preliminary PCP treatment model displayed only significant changes in BUN levels in the BRD5529 treatment group versus the vehicle control group. All other blood chemistry parameters were statistically similar between the two groups.
A synthetic C2 auxotroph of Pseudomonas putida for evolutionary engineering of alternative sugar catabolic routes
Authors: Wirth Nicolas T. , Gurdo Nicolás , Krink Nicolas , Verdú Àngela Vidal , Férnandez-Cabezón Lorena , Wulff Tune , Nikel Pablo I. 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACTAcetyl-coenzyme A (AcCoA) is a metabolic hub in virtually all living cells, serving as both a key precursor of essential biomass components and a metabolic sink for catabolic pathways of a large variety of substrates. Owing to this dual role, tight growth-production coupling schemes can be implemented around the AcCoA node. Inspired by this concept, a synthetic C2 auxotrophy was implemented in the platform bacterium Pseudomonas putida through an in silico-guided engineering approach. A growth-coupling strategy, driven by AcCoA demand, allowed for direct selection of an alternative sugar assimilation route—the phosphoketolase (PKT) shunt from bifidobacteria. Adaptive laboratory evolution forced the synthetic auxotroph to integrate the PKT shunt to restore C2 prototrophy. Large-scale structural chromosome rearrangements were identified as possible mechanisms for adjusting the network-wide proteome profile, resulting in improved PKT-dependent growth phenotypes. 13C-based metabolic flux analysis revealed an even split between the native Entner-Doudoroff and the synthetic PKT pathway for glucose processing, leading to enhanced carbon conservation. These results demonstrate that the P. putida metabolism can be radically rewired to incorporate a synthetic C2 metabolism, creating novel network connectivities and highlighting the importance of unconventional engineering strategies to support efficient microbial production.
Ezh2knockout in B cells impairs plasmablast differentiation and ameliorates lupus-like disease in MRL/lprmice
Authors: Zheng Xiaoqing , Dozmorov Mikhail G , Strohlein Colleen E , Bastacky Sheldon , Sawalha Amr H 
Published: July 2022

AbstractObjectivesEnhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) regulates B cell development and differentiation. We have previously demonstrated increased EZH2 expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells isolated from lupus patients. The goal of this study was to evaluate the role of B cell EZH2 expression in lupus pathogenesis.MethodsWe generated an MRL/lprmouse with floxedEzh2, which was crossed with CD19-Cre mice to examine the effect of B cell EZH2 deficiency in MRL/lprlupus-prone mice. Differentiation of B cells was assessed by flow cytometry. Single cell RNA sequencing and single cell B cell receptor sequencing were used to investigate compositional and functional changes of B cell subsets.In vitroB cell culture with an XBP1 inhibitor was performed. EZH2 and XBP1 mRNA levels in CD19+B cells isolated from SLE patients and healthy controls were analyzed.ResultsWe show thatEzh2deletion in B cells significantly decreased autoantibody production and improved glomerulonephritis. B cell development was altered in the bone marrow and spleen of EZH2-deficient mice. Differentiation of plasmablasts was impaired. Single cell RNA sequencing showed that XBP1, a key transcription factor in B cell development, is downregulated in the absence of EZH2. Inhibiting XBP1in vitroimpairs plasmablast development similar to EZH2-deficient mice. Single cell B cell receptor RNA sequencing revealed defective immunoglobulin class switch recombination in EZH2-deficient mice. In human lupus B cells, we observed a strong correlation between EZH2 and XBP1 mRNA expression levels.ConclusionEZH2 overexpression in B cells contributes to disease pathogenesis in lupus.