bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determination of Ambient Noise Levels in the Medical and Surgical Intensive Care Units and Adult Ward of the Makati Medical Center
Authors: Chan-Zamora Jacquelyn , Cedeño Joseph Richard Ray , Guzman Patricio , Bigalbal Jomar 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT
Objective: To measure the levels of environmental noise in the medical intensive care unit, surgical intensive care unit, and adult ward of the Makati Medical Center for the morning, afternoon, and evening shifts, on weekdays and weekends, and to compare noise levels across shifts, and between weekdays and weekends.
Methods:
Design: Environmental Noise Survey
Setting: Tertiary Private Training Hospital
Participants: None
Results: The overall mean environment noise levels in all the areas surveyed (medical intensive care unit, surgical intensive care unit and adult ward) exceeded World Health Organization recommendations by more than 20 dB across different working shifts on both weekdays and weekends. There was no significant difference in noise levels between weekdays and weekends across shifts in all areas, except for the afternoon shift in the Medical ICU. Using Repeated Measures ANOVA, results showed that there is no sufficient evidence to conclude that at least one shift has significantly different mean noise level in any of the 3 areas (MICU: F(2)=4.73, p-value=.1124; SICU: F(2)=7.91, p-value=.0540; WARD: F(2)=2.73, p-value=.1948)
Conclusion: The overall environmental noise levels in the different areas of MICU, SICU and Adult ward exceeded the WHO recommendation. It is recommended that a change in strategy is needed for prevention of environmental noise, setting guidelines and policies to assure quality health care and noise control. Further investigations to ascertain exact sources may give rise to feasible solutions.
Nasolabial Flap Reconstruction for Orofacial Defects: A Case Series
Authors: Diaz Robert Zaid , Cabungcal Arsenio Claro 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT
Objective: To describe our clinical experience with, and functional outcomes of the nasolabial flap for reconstruction of orofacial defects.
Methods:
Design: Retrospective Case Series
Setting: Tertiary National University Hospital
Participants: Records of 11 patients on whom a nasolabial flap was performed for reconstruction of head and neck defects between January 2013 and December 2018 were analyzed.
Results: All patients underwent wide excision with or without frozen section, with or without neck dissection, and nasolabial flap closure was performed by a single surgeon. There were no major complications. In two cases, the nasolabial flap was used as an adjunct for Abbé and deltopectoral flap reconstruction. One had poor oral competence due to the bulk of the deltopectoral flap. Acceptable aesthetics and functional outcomes were achieved.
Conclusion: The nasolabial flap is a viable alternative for reconstruction of orofacial defects following head and neck surgeries. Additional cases can help validate our initial experience
Single Stage Transoral Cordectomy and Medialization Thyroplasty in Early Glottic Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Case Report
Authors: Regalado-Go Joyce Anne , Flores Terrence Jason , Santiago Al 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT
Objective: To present the case of a 78-year-old man with Glottic SCCa stage I who underwent single stage transoral cordectomy type IV with medialization thyroplasty under general anesthesia.
Methods:
Design: Case Report
Setting: Tertiary Government Training Hospital
Patient: One
Results: Postoperatively, patient was able to phonate and gave a VHI score of 12 and GRBAS score of 4. He was able to resume oral feeding without any signs of aspiration. Postoperative flexible laryngoscopy showed fully mobile vocal cords with good approximation in the midline.
Conclusion: This report suggests that vocal cord medialization via thyroplasty may be performed after cordectomy in a single stage, providing acceptable postoperative voice as well as good swallowing outcome
Aerosol and Droplet Particles Contained by Inexpensive Barrier Tent During Mastoidectomy: A COVID-19 Innovation
Authors: Mangubat Andylou , Labra Patrick John 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT
Objective: To investigate the distribution and aerosolized particle counts generated during mastoidectomy, we utilized low-cost and locally available material and developed a plastic tent creating a barrier between the health care workers (HCW) and patient.
Methods: The barrier tent is a clear plastic bag attached to the microscope lens. The tent is draped and tucked underneath the patient’s head and upper torso with surgeon’s arms also passed underneath and secured with clamps. We demonstrated the area of greater contamination by spread of droplet particles and bone dust after drilling using fluorescent dye. Particle counts inside and outside the barrier was determined and then comparison with and without the tent after drilling of cadaveric temporal bone were also done.
Results: The area with highest concentration of contamination (“hot zone”) was noted opposite the surgeon’s hand drill which is dependent on the operator’s handedness. Other hot zones noted were opposite the operator and on the operator’s side. Particle determination of aerosol size 0.3 and 2.5µm inside the barrier tent were at peak levels after bone drilling procedure. Then a significant drop of particle counts was noted at 2 minutes after drilling was stopped with flattening observed at 8 minutes.
Conclusion: Our experimental results suggest that the improvised barrier tent can be effective in mitigating aerosols generated during mastoid surgery and may serve as an added protection for the operating room team.
Addressing Difficulty in Communication While Wearing a Respirator Mask During the COVID-19 Pandemic by Using a Laryngophone
Authors: Kongsun Ching Laine Valerie , Liu Philip Lance Anthony 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT
Objective: To describe the use of a laryngophone to aid in verbal communication when wearing elastomeric respirator masks.
Methods:
Design: Instrumentation Innovation
Setting: Tertiary Private Training Hospital
Participants: Five volunteers using elastomeric respirator masks rated laryngophone use, afterwhich they individually rated an additional volunteer on speech intelligibility before and after laryngophone use.
Results: On a scale of 1-10, the average score of the five volunteers for the laryngophone was 8.8 for ease of use, 8.0 for comfort, and 8.0 for ease of communication. Their average speech intelligibility score for the additional volunteer using the respirator mask alone was 2.0, and for use of the respirator mask with laryngophone was 3.6 on a scale of 1-4.
Conclusion: This portable laryngophone speaker may be useful in aiding otolaryngologists and health care providers using elastomeric respirator masks in verbal communication by amplifying speech without needing an external microphone, preventing vocal strain.
Pyoderma Gangrenosum Initially Presenting as an Ulceration of the Ear Lobule
Authors: Dulnuan Heather Grace , Garcia Carlo Victorio , Tirona-Remulla Agnes 
Published: June 2022

Pyoderma Gangrenosum (PG) was first described in 1916 as “phagedenisme geometrique”, after a French dermatologist observed rapidly progressing, cutaneous necrotic lesions with sharp borders.1 In 1930, Brunsting and his colleagues at the Mayo Clinic coined the term Pyoderma Gangrenosum, because it was initially thought to arise from staphylococcal and streptococcal infections which were observed in 5 of their patients.2 The exact etiology and pathogenesis is still unknown. To date, only a few cases of PG have been shown to affect the ears, all showing no gender or age predilection.3 We report another such case.

CASE REPORT
A three-year-old girl presented at the emergency room with a non-healing, erythematous papule over her left ear lobule, allegedly following an ear piercing one month prior. She was initially treated at another institution with oral antibiotics. Despite treatment, her mother noted rapid worsening of the lesion, eventually developing into a painful ulceration and affecting the left eyelid as well. At the time of examination, the patient presented with a painful, necrotic plaque around the left eyelid with serpiginous borders (Figure 1) and ear lobule with erythematous, advancing borders (Figure 2A, B). There were no systemic co-morbidities noted. The working diagnosis then was necrotizing fasciitis and she was immediately started on systemic intravenous antibiotics which she did not respond to. Laboratory tests showed elevated CRP, but procalcitonin, C-ANCA and ANA were all normal. Tissue cultures of both eyelid and earlobe, as well as blood cultures, revealed no growth. Wedge biopsy of the eyelid ulceration revealed neutrophilic dermatitis. Biopsy of the ear lobule revealed suppurative granulomatous dermatitis with secondary leucocytoclastic vasculitis. Further workups for infection and possible systemic diseases were all unremarkable. A pathergy test was negative. A diagnosis of pyoderma gangrenosum was made after excluding systemic and infectious causes. The patient was started on systemic prednisone at a dose of 1mg/kg/day which she slowly responded to. Surgical reconstruction of the earlobe was to be planned once the ulceration completely healed; unfortunately, this patient was lost to follow-up
Eusebio E. Llamas, MD (1926-2021) “Small in Feet but Giant in Feat”
Authors: Martinez Norberto 
Published: June 2022

Dr. Eusebio E. Llamas was the epitome of a great teacher, a devoted father and a prime mover. In 1952, he underwent residency training in Bellevue, New York where he stayed for one year and then proceeded to Los Angeles where he trained at the House Ear Institute. Upon his return to the Philippines, he joined the UST Department of EENT and subsequently became the section chief of ENT. In 1978, he assumed the chairmanship of the Department of EENT until 1983.

As prime mover, he was instrumental in the separation of the Dept. of Otolaryngology from the Dept. of Ophthalmology in 1984 and led the department until 1989 earning the distinction of becoming the longest serving chair.

He would invite residents (who were in awe of his demeanor in handling patients) to see interesting cases in his private clinic. He demonstrated compassion to all patients regardless of their social status. In the operating room, he exemplified finesse in doing surgeries and made it look so simply seamless. He never showed any mean streak and always appeared calm even amid adversity. Whenever there were issues in the department or among residents, he would talk to them in private and would counsel them like a father to his children.

He was deeply religious as he would go to the chapel first thing in the morning before he went to the OPD at 8 am sharp. He taught the residents the virtue of punctuality by being at the OPD ahead of them, and 30 minutes in advance of his scheduled operations. He was impeccable in his choice of apparel, always dressing up with the perfect triangle of the Windsor tie

The only reason why I wanted to become an ENT as early as third year medical student was solely because of Dr. Llamas. He would literally deliver his lecture verbatim from Boise’ Textbook of Otolaryngology including pauses for commas. He inspired me a lot and told myself, I wish I could do at least half of what he could memorize and that would be good enough

He was very open to inviting graduates from other institutions to join the department as exemplified by the acceptance of Dr. Carlos Reyes for Otology and Dr. Robie Zantua for Head and Neck Surgery. He was never threatened by other consultants practicing at UST and in fact encouraged them to do so.

He was a dedicated father to his children Rose, Jun, Beth and Annie and a devoted husband to his wife Lulu. He would always think of his family’s welfare over his own. His extended family would always seek his support whenever the need arose, and he would welcome them with open arms. To the family, thank you for generously sharing Dr. Llamas during his most productive years.

The best tribute the PSO-HNS offered to Dr. Llamas was choosing him as the Most Outstanding Teacher in 2020. We would not be where we are today if not for the selfless dedication of our dear Dr. Llamas. As Thornton Wilde said, “The highest tribute to the departed is not grief but gratitude”.

Maraming Salamat at Paalam
Pre-Operative Temporal Bone CT Scan Readings and Intraoperative Findings During Mastoidectomy
Authors: Toral Dominador , Laganao Chris Robinson 
Published: June 2022

ABSTRACT
Objective: To determine the correlation between pre-operative in-house temporal bone CT scan readings and intraoperative findings during mastoidectomy for cholesteatoma in a tertiary government hospital from January 2018 to December 2019.
Methods:
Design: Review of Records
Setting: Tertiary Government Hospital
Participants: A total of 25 charts were included in the study. Surgical memoranda containing intraoperative findings were scrutinized. Data on key structures or locations were filled into a data gathering tool. Categorical descriptions were used for surgical findings: “present” or “absent” for location, and “intact” or “eroded” for status of ossicles and critical structures. Radiological readings to describe location and extent of disease were recorded as either “involved” or “uninvolved,” while “intact” or “eroded” were used to describe the status of ossicles and critical structures identified. Statistical correlations were computed using Cohen kappa coefficient. Sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values were also computed.

Results: No correlation between radiologic readings and surgical findings were found in terms of location and extent of cholesteatoma (κ < 0). However, moderate agreement was noted in terms of status of the malleus (κ = .42, 95% CI, .059 to .781, p<.05), substantial agreement noted for the incus status (κ = 0.682, 95% CI, .267 to .875, p<.05), and fair agreement noted for the stapes status (κ = .303, 95% CI, -.036 to .642, p>.05). Slight agreement was also noted in description of facial canal and labyrinth (κ =.01, 95% CI, -.374 to .394, p>.05), while no correlation was noted for the status of the tegmen (κ = 0, 95% CI, -.392 to .392, p<.05).
Conclusion: Our study shows the unreliability and shortcomings of CT scan readings in our institution in detecting and predicting surgical findings. An institutional policy needs to be considered to ensure that temporal bone CT scans be obtained using techniques that can appropriately describe the status of the middle ear and adjacent structures with better reliability.
Contents Vol. 36 No.2 July-December 2021
Authors: Head Neck Surg Philip J Otolaryngol 
Published: June 2022

EDITORIAL4

COVID-19 and Climate Change: Signing Up for Our Impossible Dream
Lapeña JFF
SPECIAL ANNOUNCEMENT
6

Global Health Community Calls for Climate Action Ahead of COP26 to Avert “Biggest Health Threat Facing Humanity”

ORIGINAL ARTICLES8

Pre-Operative Temporal Bone CT Scan Readings and Intraoperative Findings During Mastoidectomy
Toral DB, Laganao CRD

13

Endoscopic Type I Tympanoplasty in 70 Patients with Chronic Otitis Media: A Preliminary Report
Singh B, Pal P, Osahan HS, Sood AS

18

Determination of Ambient Noise Levels in the Medical and Surgical Intensive Care Units and Adult Ward of the Makati Medical Center
Chan-Zamora JP, Cedeño JRR, Guzman PB, Bigalbal JL

22

Cerebro-Spinal Fluid Leak in Skull Base Reconstruction Using Hadad - Bassagasteguy Flap after Endoscopic Endonasal Transsphenoidal Surgery: A Case Series
Formalejo JP, Amable JP

25

Nasolabial Flap Reconstruction for Orofacial Defects: A Case Series
Diaz RZ, Cabungcal AC

30

Application of Open-Source 3D Planning Software in Virtual Reconstruction of Complex Maxillofacial Defects
Caro DJ, Pamintuan FG

CASE REPORTS
36

Approach to a Sewing Needle in the Parapharyngeal Space: A Case Report
Bettadahalli V, Bhargava R, Kumar S

40

Single Stage Transoral Cordectomy and Medialization Thyroplasty in Early Glottic Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Case Report
Regalado -Go JAF, Flores TJ, Santiago AE

SURGICAL INNOVATIONS AND INSTRUMENTATION44

Aerosol and Droplet Particles Contained by Inexpensive Barrier Tent During Mastoidectomy: A COVID-19 Innovation
Mangubat AD, Labra PJP

49

Addressing Difficulty in Communication While Wearing a Respirator Mask During the COVID-19 Pandemic by Using a Laryngophone
Kongsun Ching LVC, Liu PLAA
FEATURED GRAND ROUNDS
52

Pyoderma Gangrenosum Initially Presenting as an Ulceration of the Ear Lobule
Dulnuan HG, Garcia CV, Tirona-Remulla A

FROM THE VIEWBOX
55

Post-traumatic Malleo-Incudal Complex Dislocation
Yang NW

UNDER THE MICROSCOPE
57

Acantholytic Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Maganito SC, Carnate JM

CAPTOONS
59

Doknet’s World
Billones WU

PASSAGES
60

Joselito B. Buluran, MD
Lacanilao RC

61

Ibarra R. Crisostomo, MD
Bautista RA

62

Eusebio E. Llamas, MD
Martinez NV

63

Robie V. Zantua, MD
Zantua ACT
Message
Authors: Suan John Rodolfo 
Published: June 2022

Greetings of peace and good health!
I would like to sincerely congratulate the indefatigable Editorial Staff of the Philippine Journal of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery for this latest issue of our bi-annual publication under the tutelage of our esteemed Editor-in-Chief, Dr. Jose Florencio F. Lapeña, Jr. The Philippine Society of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery is indebted to your tireless efforts to continue to come up with a scientific journal with academic research at par with international standards, despite what we know are more difficult circumstances brought about by a continuing global pandemic.
I hope our Fellows will continue to guide our training Residents and Fellows-in-training, in coming up with journal-worthy scientific papers. This journal would not be what it is now without the tireless efforts of our Fellows in the academe and training institutions.

It is my wish and hopeful prayer that the next issue will come out under more favorable and happier circumstances.
Let us all continue to be safe. Cheers to a better year ahead.
PERANAN DAN EDUKASI KADER DALAM PELAYANAN DI POSYANDU BALITA PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19 : LITERATUR REVIEW
Authors: Jane Leo Mangi, Kamilus Mamoh Yurissetiowati, 
Published: June 2022

Posyandu merupakan sesuatu wujud usaha kesehatan berbasis warga yang diatur serta diselenggarakan dari, oleh, buat, serta bersama warga dalam penerapan pembangunan kesehatan, memberdayakan warga serta membagikan keringanan pada warga dalam mendapatkan jasa kesehatan dasar guna mempercepat penurunan angka kesakitan, kematian ibu serta anak. Kader memiliki andil yang amat berarti di Posyandu antara lain kontrol gizi serta kesehatan anak, tetapi semenjak pandemi COVID- 19 kedudukan posyandu tersendat. Tujuan dari literatur review ini guna mengenali kedudukan kader dalam aktivitas posyandu bayi sepanjang pandemi Covid- 19. Tata cara riset ini merupakan literature review dengan 3 jurnal yang cocok dengan patokan inklusi. Hasil riset kajian pustaka dari 3 jurnal membuktikan kalau kader berperan penting dalam aktivitas posyandu serta sudah dilakukan dengan mencermati aturan kesehatan dengan sarana semacam sarana mencuci tangan atau penyediaan hand sanitizer, perlengkapan juru ukur temperatur badan, Face Shield serta APD. pengelolaan posyandu sudah cocok dengan aturan kesehatan sesuai petunjuk teknis yang diberikan oleh Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. Diharapkan bidan, kader, serta warga dalam penerapan Posyandu era pandemi COVID- 19 senantiasa mencermati aturan kesehatan. Kesimpulan penerapan posyandu sudah sesuai dengan aturan kesehatan, aturan yang dipakai mengikuti petunjuk teknis yang diberikan oleh Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia.
Kata Kunci: Kader, Posyandu Balita, Covid 19
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KUNJUNGAN IBU HAMIL DI MASA PANDEMI COVID-19 DI PUSKESMAS KAMPUNG BALI TAHUN 2021
Authors: Telly Katharina , Atika Budiarti Katarina Iit, 
Published: June 2022

Di Indonesia, pandemi covid 19 berpotensi menghambat akses ibu dan anak terhadap pelayanan kesehatan yang optimal. Berdasarkan data yang dikutip dari IBI (Ikatan Bidan Indonesia) pelayanan antenatal care di Indonesia menurun dari bulan Januari hingga April 2020 yakni: bulan Januari angka kunjungan antenatal K1 yaitu 76878 ibu hamil dan kunjungan K4 yaitu 57166 ibu hamil. Pada bulan Februari kunjungan K1 yaitu 65167 ibu hamil dan kunjungan K4 yaitu 54587 ibu hamil. Pada bulan Maret kunjungan K1 yaitu 61506 ibu hamil dan kunjungan K4 yaitu 52537 ibu hamil. Serta pada bulan April kunjungan K1 yaitu 59326 ibu hamil dan kunjungan K4 yaitu 50767 ibu hamil (IBI.2020). Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kunjungan ulang ibu hamil dimasa pandemi covid-19 di Puskesmas Kampung Bali Tahun 2021. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian deskriptif korelasi dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Besar sampel sebanyak 42 responden diuji menggunakan Chi Square. Besar populasi sebanyak 282, sedangkan sampel sebanyak 42 responden. Instrumen dalam penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner dan observasi, analisis data menggunakan analisis univariat dan bivariate. Hasil penelitian menjelaskan bahwa tidak ada hubungan antara Usia dengan Kunjungan ibu hamil masa Pandemi Covid-19 dengan P value=0.264. Ada hubungan antara Pekerjaan dengan Kunjungan Ibu Hamil Kunjungan ibu hamil masa Pandemi Covid-19 dengan P Value=0.038. Tidak ada hubungan hubungan antara Pendidikan dengan Kunjungan Ibu Hamil Kunjungan ibu hamil masa Pandemi Covid-19 dengan P Value=4.195. Ada hubungan yang bermakna antara Pengetahuan dengan Kunjungan ibu hamil masa Pandemi Covid-19 dengan P value=0.049. Ada hubungan yang bermakna antara Dukungan Suami dengan Kunjungan ibu hamil masa Pandemi Covid-19 dengan P value=0,032. Kesimpulan terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara pekerjaan, Pengetahuan, dan dukungan suami dalam kunjungan ANC dimasa pandemi Covid-19 di Puskesmas Kampung Bali Tahun 2021.
Kata Kunci: Covid-19, Kunjungan ANC, Usia, Pekerjaan, Pendidikan, Pengetahuan
HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN DENGAN SIKAP IBU HAMIL DALAM UPAYA PENANGGULANGAN COVID-19 DI PUSKESMAS SUNGAI DURIAN TAHUN 2021
Authors: Katarina Iit Megalina Limoy, 
Published: June 2022

Corona adalah penyakit menular. Situasi pandemi Covid-19 ini meningkatkan kecemasan ibu hamil, bukan saja mencemaskan keadaan janinnya tetapi juga mencemaskan apakah ibu dan janin akan sehat bebas infeksi Covid-19. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk Mengetahui Hubungan Pengetahuan Dengan Sikap Ibu Hamil Dalam Upaya Penanggulangan Covid-19 di Puskesmas Sungai Durian tahun 2021. Metode Penelitian ini bersifat deskriftif korelasi dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh kunjungan ibu hamil tahun 2021 bulan April-Juni yang berjumlah 300 orang. Sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 39 orang. Hasil penelitian data terhadap 39 responden didapatkan sebagian dari responden 56,4% yaitu 22 orang ibu hamil memiliki pengetahuan dengan kategori baik, dan hampir seluruh responden 92,3% yaitu 36 orang ibu hamil memiliki sikap mendukung. Berdasarkan hasil analisis uji chi square dengan menggunakan program komputer SPSS, diperoleh hasil ada hubungan pengetahuan dan sikap ibu hamil dengan nilai p-value 0,003 dan nilai alpha sebesar 0,05 hal ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa p-value < nilai alpha, sehingga Ha diterima dan Ho ditolak. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada hubungan antara pengetahuan dengan sikap ibu hamil dalam upaya penanggulangan covid-19 di Puskesmas Sungai Durian Tahun 2021. Saran untuk institusi semoga penelitian dosen ini dapat digunakan sebagai referensi dalam menunjang proses belajar mengajar di Akademi Kebidanan Panca Bhakti Pontianak.
Kata Kunci: Pengetahuan, Sikap, Ibu Hamil, Covid-19