bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Environmental Footprint Associated With the Mediterranean Diet, EAT-Lancet Diet, and the Sustainable Healthy Diet Index: A Population-Based Study
Authors: Tepper Sigal , Kissinger Meidad , Avital Kerem , Shahar Danit Rivkah 
Published: September 2022

Providing a growing global population with healthy and sustainable diets is an immediate challenge. In the current study, estimates were obtained for the environmental footprints (land, water, and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions) in association with the Mediterranean diet (MED) and the EAT-Lancet reference diet, which represents a healthy diet derived from sustainable food systems. We used a newly developed Sustainable Healthy Diet (SHED) index that was validated for the Israeli population by Tepper et al. in 2020.MethodsA group of 525 participants were recruited via social media, email, and phone. Demographic characteristics, quality of life, and answers to the SHED-index questionnaire were obtained. Dietary assessment was performed using the 116-item Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ), which was developed for the Israeli population. Adherence to the MED was calculated using a 9-point score. Adherence to the EAT-Lancet reference diet was assessed through the consumption of 14 food components. The environmental pressure of these dietary patterns was determined based on the “footprint family indicators,” which include land, water, and carbon footprints per unit of agricultural and food products. We assigned values for each food comprising the FFQ and calculated the environmental load for each dietary pattern. Statistical analyses were performed using the R package version 4.1.1 to compare environmental footprint values according to tertiles of the MED score, EAT-Lancet score, and SHED score.ResultsThe participants (n = 525) were 49% women, educated (82% had academic education), and physically active, and only 13% were smokers. The highest tertiles of adherence to the MED, adherence to the EAT-Lancet reference diet, and the SHED index were associated with the lowest GHG emissions and land use, as well as higher water use. Meat consumption contributed the most to land use, while dairy contributed the most to GHG emissions, and fruits contributed the most to water use.ConclusionsOur analysis reveals that animal protein is the highest contributor to GHG emissions and land use, while fruits and vegetables contribute the most to water consumption. Nevertheless, most of the fruits and vegetables are grown using treated wastewater, which reduces environmental pressure. Given these findings, we suggest that MED and EAT-Lancet dietary patterns should be included in national dietary guidelines.
Prognostic nutritional index before surgical treatment may serve as a prognostic biomarker for patients with upper tract urothelial carcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Meng Chunyang , Gan Lijian , Li Kangsen , Yi Fulin , Peng Lei , Li Jinze , Li Yunxiang 
Published: September 2022

ObjectiveThis meta-analysis aims to assess whether the prognostic nutritional index (PNI) score before treatment can be an independent biomarker of the prognosis of patients with upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC).Materials and methodsWe systematically search PubMed, Embase, Scopus database, and Cochrane Library, and the search time is up to April 2021. Use STATA 16.0 software for data processing and statistical analysis.ResultsSix studies, including seven cohorts, were eventually included in our meta-analysis. The meta-analysis results showed that low PNI scores are associated with worse OS (HR: 1.92; 95% CI 1.60 to 2.30; P &lt; 0.01), DFS/RFS/PFS (HR: 1.57; 95% CI 1.33 to 1.85; P &lt; 0.01), and CSS/DSS (HR: 1.79; 95% CI 1.49 to 2.16; P &lt; 0.01), which supported the PNI score as an independent prognostic biomarker for survival outcomes. The subgroup analysis and Begg’s test showed that the results were stable.ConclusionBased on current evidence, this meta-analysis proves that the PNI score of UTUC patients before treatment is an independent prognostic biomarker. It performs well on OS, DFS/RFS/PFS, and CSS/DSS. This conclusion needs to be verified by a prospective cohort study with larger sample size and a more rigorous design.Systematic review registration[https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42022338503], identifier [CRD42022338503].
Comprehensive analysis of the prognostic signature and tumor microenvironment infiltration characteristics of cuproptosis-related lncRNAs for patients with colon adenocarcinoma
Authors: Cui Guoliang , Liu Jinhui , Wang Can , Gu Renjun , Wang Manli , Sun Zhiguang , Wei Fei 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundCuproptosis, a newly described method of regulatory cell death (RCD), may be a viable new therapy option for cancers. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been confirmed to be correlated with epigenetic controllers and regulate histone protein modification or DNA methylation during gene transcription. The roles of cuproptosis-related lncRNAs (CRLs) in Colon adenocarcinoma (COAD), however, remain unknown.MethodsCOAD transcriptome data was obtained from the TCGA database. Thirteen genes associated to cuproptosis were identified in published papers. Following that, correlation analysis was used to identify CRLs. The cuproptosis associated prognostic signature was built and evaluated using Lasso regression and COX regression analysis. A prognostic signature comprising six CRLs was established and the expression patterns of these CRLs were analyzed by qRT-PCR. To assess the clinical utility of prognostic signature, we performed tumor microenvironment (TME) analysis, mutation analysis, nomogram generation, and medication sensitivity analysis.ResultsWe identified 49 prognosis-related CRLs in COAD and constructed a prognostic signature consisting of six CRLs. Each patient can be calculated for a risk score and the calculation formula is: Risk score =TNFRSF10A-AS1 * (-0.2449) + AC006449.3 * 1.407 + AC093382.1 *1.812 + AC099850.3 * (-0.0899) + ZEB1-AS1 * 0.4332 + NIFK-AS1 * 0.3956. Six CRLs expressions were investigated by qRT-PCR in three colorectal cancer cell lines. In three cohorts, COAD patients were identified with different risk groups, with the high-risk group having a worse prognosis than the low-risk group. Furthermore, there were differences in immune cell infiltration and tumor mutation burden (TMB) between the two risk groups. We also identified certain drugs that were more sensitive to the high-risk group: Paclitaxel, Vinblastine, Sunitinib and Elescloml.ConclusionsOur findings may be used to further investigate RCD, comprehension of the prognosis and tumor microenvironment infiltration characteristics in COAD.
Inoperable or incompletely resected craniofacial osteosarcoma treated by particle radiotherapy
Authors: Seidensaal Katharina , Dostal Matthias , Liermann Jakob , Adeberg Sebastian , Weykamp Fabian , Schmid Maximillian P. , Freudlsperger Christian , Hoffmann Jürgen , Hompland Ivar , Herfarth Klaus , Debus Jürgen , Harrabi Semi B. 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundTo report survival of craniofacial osteosarcoma patients treated by particle radiotherapy.MethodsBetween January 2010 and December 2021, 51 patients with primary (N = 35) or recurrent (N = 16) inoperable or incompletely resected craniofacial osteosarcoma were treated. In most cases, intracranial infiltration (59%) and macroscopic tumor on MRI/CT (75%) were present. Thirteen had a secondary osteosarcoma (25%). Treatment concepts included combined ion beam radiotherapy (CIBRT, N = 18), protons only (N = 3), carbon ions only (N = 12), IMRT with a carbon ion boost (N = 5), and carbon ion re-irradiation (N = 13). Eighty percent (N = 41) received additionally chemotherapy, most frequently EURAMOS-1 (47%) or EURO-B.O.S.S. (18%).ResultsThe median age was 38, and all patients finished treatment predominantly as outpatients (N = 44). Information on overall survival was available for N = 49 patients. The median follow-up of the survivors was 55 months. For the whole cohort 1-, 2-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival (OS) was 82.8%, 60.4%, 55.2%, and 51.7%, respectively. Those treated by CIBRT (N = 17) demonstrated a superior OS with 92.9% after 1 and 2 years and 83.6% after 3 and 5 years. The median clinical target volume (CTV) was 192.7 and 95.2 cc for the primary and boost plan, respectively. CIBRT, primary diagnosis, age ≤40a, and no macroscopic residual tumor were associated with improved survival in univariate analysis (p = 0.006, p = 0.004, p = 0.002, p = 0.026, respectively), while any foregoing resection compared to biopsy was not identified as a prognostic factor. CIBRT and no macroscopic residual tumor were confirmed as independent predictors of OS on multivariate analysis (HR = 0.107, 95% CI = [0.014, 0.797], p = 0.029 and HR = 0.130, 95% CI = [0.023, 0.724], p = 0.020, respectively). No acute toxicity &gt; grade III was observed.ConclusionCIBRT shows promising results for patients with inoperable or incompletely resected craniofacial osteosarcoma.
Outcomes of “sandwich” chemoradiotherapy compared with chemotherapy alone for the adjuvant treatment of FIGO stage III endometrial cancer
Authors: Wang Shao-Jing , Wang Lily , Sun Lou , Shih Yu-Hsiang , Hsu Shih-Tien , Liu Chin-Ku , Hwang Sheau-Feng , Lu Chien-Hsing 
Published: September 2022

ObjectiveTo analyze and compare outcomes of adjuvant chemoradiotherapy in patients with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage III endometrial cancer (EC) patients using the “Sandwich” sequence and chemotherapy (CT) alone.MethodsFrom, 2005 to, 2019, we retrospectively reviewed 80 patients with FIGO stage III EC who received treatment at our institute. We analyzed 66 patients who had undergone complete surgical staging followed by adjuvant treatment with sandwich chemoradiotherapy (39 patients) and CT alone (27 patients). The 5-year overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and disease-specific survival (DSS) were calculated using the Kaplan–Meier method. Additional prognostic factors were analyzed using Cox proportional hazards regression.ResultsHerein, the analysis was conducted using 66 patients with a median follow-up period of 50 and 85 months in the sandwich and CT-alone arms. Comparing the sandwich sequence and CT-alone groups, the 5-year OS and PFS were 87% vs. 70% (p = 0.097) and 77% vs. 65% (p = 0.209), respectively. The sandwich therapy conferred an improved 5-year DSS (92% vs. 70%, p = 0.041) and a lower local recurrence rate (0% vs. 11%, p = 0.031). In multivariable analyses, grade 3 histology and deep myometrial invasion were independent risk factors for 5-year OS and DSS. The sandwich sequence was a positive predictor for 5-year DSS (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.23, p = 0.029). The sandwich arm demonstrated higher acute hematologic toxicity than the CT-alone arm. CT dose delay/reduction and treatment completion rates were similar in both groups.ConclusionFor patients with stage III EC, postoperative sandwich chemoradiotherapy appears to offer a superior 5-year DSS and local control with tolerable toxicity when compared with CT alone.
Molecular testing for adolescent and young adult central nervous system tumors: A Canadian guideline
Authors: Lim-Fat Mary Jane , Macdonald Maria , Lapointe Sarah , Climans Seth Andrew , Cacciotti Chantel , Chahal Manik , Perreault Sebastien , Tsang Derek S. , Gao Andrew , Yip Stephen , Keith Julia , Bennett Julie , Ramaswamy Vijay , Detsky Jay , Tabori Uri , Das Sunit , Hawkins Cynthia 
Published: September 2022

The 2021 World Health Organization (WHO) classification of CNS tumors incorporates molecular signatures with histology and has highlighted differences across pediatric vs adult-type CNS tumors. However, adolescent and young adults (AYA; aged 15–39), can suffer from tumors across this spectrum and is a recognized orphan population that requires multidisciplinary, specialized care, and often through a transition phase. To advocate for a uniform testing strategy in AYAs, pediatric and adult specialists from neuro-oncology, radiation oncology, neuropathology, and neurosurgery helped develop this review and testing framework through the Canadian AYA Neuro-Oncology Consortium. We propose a comprehensive approach to molecular testing in this unique population, based on the recent tumor classification and within the clinical framework of the provincial health care systems in Canada.Contributions to the fieldWhile there are guidelines for testing in adult and pediatric CNS tumor populations, there is no consensus testing for AYA patients whose care occur in both pediatric and adult hospitals. Our review of the literature and guideline adopts a resource-effective and clinically-oriented approach to improve diagnosis and prognostication of brain tumors in the AYA population, as part of a nation-wide initiative to improve care for AYA patients.
Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on elderly patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Ye Pei-Jing , Xi Yan , Sun Chuan-Zheng , Lei Qian , Li Lei 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundThe 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) strongly affects health care activities in countries around the world. The diagnosis and treatment of cancer have also been involved, and elderly head and neck squamous carcinoma is one of them. This study aimed to assess the impact of COVID-19 on elderly patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) in our center.MethodsThis retrospective study analyzed the clinical characteristics of 400 HNSCC patients over 65 years of age, calculated their treatment interruption rates, and compared the time of delayed diagnosis.ResultsThe rate of elderly patients with HNSCC with a delayed diagnosis was higher in the “during COVID-19 pandemic” group (DCOV19 group) than in the “during COVID-19 pandemic” group (BCOV19 group), and the difference was statistically significant (p=0.0017). There was a substantial difference in the rate of treatment interruption between the two groups (p=0.002).ConclusionsThis is the first study to explore the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on visits and treatment interruptions in elderly patients with HNSCC. The current impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on HNSCC treatment has resulted in reductions and delays in diagnosing cancer and providing treatment.
Inspiration to mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccination: Serious adverse case reports with hepatitis B vaccine in real-world
Authors: Lu Jinmiao , Zhang Xunjie , Xu Hong , Li Zhiping 
Published: September 2022

ObjectivesThe hepatitis B vaccine comprises hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) produced by transgenic yeast cells. There are few serious adverse events (SAE) reports after Hepatitis B vaccination.MethodsThe authors searched the Chinese legal documents database for all SAE with Hepatitis B vaccination from January 2010 to January 2022.ResultsAll seven patients received yeast-derived recombinant hepatitis B vaccine. Three cases of myocarditis (death), 2 cases of interstitial pneumonia (death), and 2 cases of encephalitis. The mean time of onset of SAE was 8.3 ± 4.3 h after vaccination.ConclusionThe mechanism of vaccine-induced myocarditis may come from immune protein reactions. Based on the experience of Hepatitis B vaccine adverse events, we present new insights into the mechanism of myocarditis caused by the COVID-19 vaccine.
Low gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase levels at presentation are associated with severity of liver illness and poor outcome in biliary atresia
Authors: Sun Song , Zheng Shan , Shen Chun , Dong Rui , Dong Kuiran , Jiang Jingying , Yang Yifan , Chen Gong 
Published: September 2022

ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical features and prognosis of biliary atresia (BA) with normal or minimally elevated gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT).MethodsThe clinical data of patients with BA in our hospital between 2012 and 2017 were retrospectively studied. The patients were divided into a low-GGT group (GGT ≤ 300 IU/L) and a high-GGT group (GGT &gt; 300 IU/L) according to the preoperative GGT level. The perioperative clinical parameters, the postoperative jaundice clearance within 6 months, and the 2-year native liver survival were compared among the groups.ResultsA total of 1,998 children were included in this study, namely, 496 in the low-GGT group and 1,502 in the high-GGT group. The ages and weights at the surgery in the low-GGT group were significantly lower than those in the high-GGT group (64.71 ± 21.35 vs. 68.64 ± 22.42 days, P = 0.001; 4.67 ± 1.03 vs. 4.89 ± 0.98 kg, P &lt; 0.001). The levels of serum ALP, ALT, and AST in the low-GGT group were significantly higher than those in the high-GGT group before and 2 weeks after the surgery (ALP: 647.52 ± 244.10 vs. 594.14 ± 228.33 U/L, P &lt; 0.001; ALT: 119.62 ± 97.14 vs. 96.01 ± 66.28 U/L, P &lt; 0.001; AST: 218.00 ± 173.82 vs. 160.71 ± 96.32 U/L; P &lt; 0.001). The INR of the low-GGT group was higher than that of the high-GGT group (1.05 ± 0.34 vs. 0.98 ± 0.20, P &lt; 0.001), while FIB was lower than the high-GGT group (2.54 ± 0.67 vs. 2.73 ± 1.44 g/L; P = 0.006). The decreasing amplitude of TB and DB within 2 weeks after surgery in the low-GGT group was smaller than those in the high-GGT group (TB: 51.62 ± 71.22 vs. 61.67 ± 53.99 μmol/L, P = 0.003; DB: 33.22 ± 35.57 vs. 40.20 ± 35.93 μmol/L, P &lt; 0.001). The jaundice clearance rate in the low-GGT group was significantly lower than that in the high-GGT group at 1, 3, and 6 months after surgery (17.70 vs. 26.05%; 35.17 vs. 48.58%; 38.62 vs. 54.64%, P &lt; 0.001). In addition, the 2-year native liver survival rate in the low-GGT group was significantly lower than that of the high-GGT group (52.5 vs. 66.3%, P &lt; 0.001 HR 1.80, 95% CI 1.38–2.33).ConclusionCompared to patients with high GGT, patients with normal or minimally elevated pre-operative GGT in BA were found to have poorer pre-operative liver function parameters, and post-operatively had lower jaundice clearance rates and worse 2-year native liver survival. This suggests a lower GGT at presentation in biliary atresia could be a sign of more severe liver injury.
Rutin bioconjugates as potential nutraceutical prodrugs: An in vitro and in ovo toxicological screening
Authors: Dehelean Cristina Adriana , Coricovac Dorina , Pinzaru Iulia , Marcovici Iasmina , Macasoi Ioana Gabriela , Semenescu Alexandra , Lazar Geza , Cinta Pinzaru Simona , Radulov Isidora , Alexa Ersilia , Cretu Octavian 
Published: September 2022

Rutin (RUT) is considered one the most attractive flavonoids from a therapeutic perspective due to its multispectral pharmacological activities including antiradical, anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative, and antimetastatic among others. Still, this compound presents a low bioavailability what narrows its clinical applications. To overcome this inconvenience, the current paper was focused on the synthesis, characterization, and toxicological assessment of two RUT bioconjugates obtained by enzymatic esterification with oleic acid (OA) and linoleic acid (LA)—rutin oleate (RUT-O) and rutin linoleate (RUT-L), as flavonoid precursors with improved physicochemical and biological properties. Following the enzymatic synthesis in the presence of Novozyme® 435, the two bioconjugates were obtained, their formation being confirmed by RAMAN and FT-IR spectroscopy. The in vitro and in ovo toxicological assessment of RUT bioconjugates (1–100 µM) was performed using 2D consecrated cell lines (cardiomyoblasts - H9c2(2-1), hepatocytes—HepaRG, and keratinocytes—HaCaT), 3D reconstructed human epidermis tissue (EpiDerm™), and chick chorioallantoic membranes, respectively. The results obtained were test compound, concentration—and cell-type dependent, as follows: RUT-O reduced the viability of H9c2(2-1), HepaRG, and HaCaT cells at 100 µM (to 77.53%, 83.17%, and 78.32%, respectively), and induced cell rounding and floating, as well as apoptotic-like features in the nuclei of all cell lines, whereas RUT-L exerted no signs of cytotoxicity in all cell lines in terms of cell viability, morphology, and nuclear integrity. Both RUT esters impaired the migration of HepaRG cells (at 25 µM) and lack irritative potential (at 100 µM) in vitro (tissue viability &gt;50%) and in ovo (irritation scores of 0.70 for RUT-O, and 0.49 for RUT-L, respectively). Computational predictions revealed an increased lipophilicity, and reduced solubility, drug-likeness and drug score of RUT-O and RUT-L compared to their parent compounds—RUT, OA, and LA. In conclusion, we report a favorable toxicological profile for RUT-L, while RUT-O is dosage-limited since at high concentrations were noticed cytotoxic effects.
Endoglin aggravates peritoneal fibrosis by regulating the activation of TGF-β/ALK/Smads signaling
Authors: Huang Qian , Xiao Rui , Lu Jing , Zhang Yao , Xu Liang , Gao Jie , Sun Jing , Wang Haiping 
Published: September 2022

Background: Peritoneal fibrosis (PF) is an intractable complication in patients on long-term peritoneal dialysis (PD). Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is a key pro-fibrogenic factor involved in PD-associated PF, and endoglin, as a coreceptor for TGF-β, plays a role in balancing the TGF-β signaling pathway. Here, we investigated whether endoglin could be a potential therapeutic target for PF.Methods:In vivo, we established PF model in SD rats by daily intraperitoneal injection of peritoneal dialysis fluids (PDF) containing 4.25% glucose for 6 weeks and downregulated endoglin expression by tail vein injection of AAV9-ENG on day 14 to assess the effect of endoglin on peritoneal morphology and markers related to fibrosis, angiogenesis, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). In vitro, we treated human peritoneal mesothelial cells (HPMCs) transfected with ENG siRNA in high glucose medium to explore the potential mechanism of endoglin in PF.Results: Compared to control group, continuous exposure to biologically incompatible PDF induced exacerbated PF, accompanied by a significant increase in endoglin expression. Conversely, knockdown of endoglin ameliorated peritoneal injury characterized by increased peritoneal thickening and collagen deposition, angiogenesis, as well as EMT. Consistently, HPMCs cultured in high glucose medium underwent the EMT process and exhibited over-expression of fibronectin, collagen type I, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), whereas these aforementioned alterations were alleviated after ENG siRNA transfection. In addition, we also found that ENG siRNA inhibited TGF-β-induced phosphorylation of Smad2/3 and Smad1/5/9 in HPMCs treated with high glucose (HG).Conclusion: Our findings confirmed for the first time that endoglin exacerbated PF by regulating the activation of TGF-β/ALK/Smads signaling, which will provide a novel potential therapeutic target in PF.