bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
À propos des discours institutionnels sur l’art contemporain africain : redéfinir l’africanité ?
Authors: Tavares Marie-Adeline 
Published: May 2022

L’étude des discours institutionnels sur l’art contemporain africain révèle les attentes de leurs auteurs, et les conceptions de l’artiste sur lesquelles ils se fondent. La sélection des artistes apparaît notamment effectuée à partir d’un « indice d’africanité », notion implicitement forgée lors de l’exposition Magiciens de la terre (1989), tandis que celle des œuvres s’opère en fonction d’enjeux transversaux, eux-mêmes identifiés comme des maux ou des défis posés au continent africain (migration, identité). De ce fait, la figure de l’artiste contemporain africain apparaît elle-même comme une fabrication institutionnelle laissant peu de place au discours du créateur. Derrière le constat de domination de l’institution sur l’artiste, et de logiques institutionnelles floues et homogénéisantes, peut dès lors être postulée la manifestation d’un « pouvoir de concevoir l’autre », et une vision de l’artiste africain comme autre de l’art occidental.
Ocular adnexal lymphoma
Authors: Fernández César A. , Henry Roger K. , Shields Carol L. , Bilyk Jurij R. , Lally Sara E. , Eagle Ralph C. , Milman Tatyana 
Published: May 2022

PURPOSE:
To characterize demographic, clinical, and histopathologic features of ocular adnexal lymphoma (OAL) at a single institution.

METHODS:
Retrospective review of all patients with pathologic diagnosis of OAL between 2015 and 2020.

RESULTS:
There were 133 patients with OAL, with a median age of 65 years (range 23–97) and a slight female predominance (male: female = 1:1.46), (n = 79, 59%). The majority of tumors were non-Hodgkin B-cell lymphomas (n = 131, 99%), most frequently Extranodal Marginal Zone B-Cell Lymphoma (EMZL, n = 93, 70%), followed by follicular lymphoma (n = 21, 16%), chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (n = 7, 5%), diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (n = 5, 4%), and mantle cell lymphoma (n = 5, 4%). The most frequently involved sites included the orbit (n = 85, 64%) and conjunctiva (n = 43, 32%). Information was available on oncologic staging in 78 (59%), treatment in 82 (62%), and follow-up in 75 (56%) patients. By the Ann-Arbor classification system, patients were classified as IE (54/78, 69%), IIE (9/78, 12%), IIIE (6/78, 8%), and IVE (9/78, 12%). The most common treatments included external beam radiotherapy (standard and ultra-low-dose) (48/82, 59%), biologics (22/82, 27%), and surgical excision with cryotherapy (14/82, 17%) (some patients had >1 therapy). Median follow-up time was 24 months (range 0–221 months). Recurrence was observed in 13% (10/75) with a median time to recurrence of 60 months (95% confidence interval 47–73 months). Excision with cryotherapy as a sole treatment modality was associated with earlier recurrence (P = 0.003).

CONCLUSION:
In this largest single-center study of OAL, we found that most OAL were Ann-Arbor Stage IE EMZL, occurring in older patients with a female predominance. Early recurrence was noted in tumors treated with excision and cryotherapy alone.
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) in the ophthalmic practice
Authors: Alrashed Saleh H. , Alkatan Hind M. , Alarfaj Motazz , Alnahdi Muhannad A. , Almeshari Nawaf Z. , Almutairi Faris J. , Maktabi Azza M.Y. 
Published: May 2022

PURPOSE:
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is an aggressive malignant tumor that arises from the nasopharyngeal epithelial lining. Most patients with NPC present with a neck mass or cranial nerve palsy. It is infrequent for patients with NPC to present to an ophthalmologist initially with ophthalmic complaints and absence of prior diagnosis of NPC. We are reporting a series of six NPC cases that presented solely with ophthalmic complaints, to attract the attention of ophthalmologist to such a serious neoplasm.

METHODS:
A retrospective observational study of all consecutive patients diagnosed with NPC based on their initial ophthalmic presentation with no prior diagnosis of this neoplasm. Patients presented for the first time to two tertiary eye hospitals. Data were collected by the chart review for demographics, clinical presentation, radiological imaging, treatment regimen, and follow-up. Histopathological review of their tissue specimens was conducted by two pathologists.

RESULTS:
We had six patients who presented for the first time to our ophthalmic service complaining mostly of limitation of extraocular muscle motility with or without diplopia (4/6), orbital or facial pain (2/6), and disturbance in vision (2/6). The age ranged from 35 to 92 years with a mean of 58 years. A male predominance was observed with male-to-female ratio of 5:1. The cases are described along with their imaging and histopathological findings. Relevant literature review was also presented. Most of our patients (5/6) received combination of radiotherapy and chemotherapy. One patient refused treatment and 2 eventually passed away after 7 months.

CONCLUSION:
Ophthalmologists may play a major role in diagnosing such patients accurately and referring them for early management and better prognosis.
Pulseless Supracondylar Fracture of the Humerus
Authors: Sampath Jayanth Sundar , Kumar Girish 
Published: May 2022

Introduction:
The management of supracondylar fractures of the humerus in children without a palpable radial pulse is the subject of considerable controversy in the literature. The incidence of pulseless extremity ranges from 2% to 24% in different series.

Materials and methods:
A detailed physical examination and appropriate use of various imaging modalities will assist in determining the need for vascular exploration. These injuries are surgical emergencies that require immediate operative intervention. Therefore, units that treat supracondylar fractures in children must have protocols in place to avoid unnecessary hesitation or delay.

Conclusion:
This review article presents the different points of view regarding management of these potentially limb threatening injuries and provides an algorithm for management based on the latest evidence in the literature.
Nail Changes in COVID-19
Authors: Grover Chander , Saha Sushobhan , Pandhi Deepika 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Various nail manifestations have been reported with COVID-19; mostly in the form of isolated reports.

Objective:
This cross-sectional study was carried out to assess nail changes in hospitalized patients with moderate to severe COVID-19.

Methods:
Nail findings in 43 adults being treated for COVID-19, were evaluated after obtaining informed written consent. Nail changes involving fingernails and toenails were documented as new-onset or pre-existing changes. Disease status, hematological and biochemical tests, inflammatory markers, treatment administered and outcomes were also recorded. The frequency of changes in fingernails and toenails were statistically compared.

Results:
The red half-moon sign (32.5%) and nail bed erythema (34.8%) were the commonest changes seen in fingernails; while apparent leukonychia (46.5%) and distal brown discoloration (51.1%) were commonest changes in toenails. The difference in frequency of changes seen between fingernails and toenails was statistically significant (p < 0.05). Nail changes correlated with systemic involvement in these patients.

Limitations:
Single-center evaluation in a limited number of patients, without using augmented examination techniques like onychoscopy, nail fold capillaroscopy, or fluoroscence. Those with less severe disease or with rapid fatality could not be studied.

Conclusion:
Nail changes in COVID-19 are common and reflect the systemic nature of illness, being a harbinger of underlying complications.
Profile of Dermatological Disorders Among Workers Involved in Fruit Growing Industry of Kashmir Valley in North India
Authors: Bashir Yaqzata , Hassan Iffat , Zeerak Sumaya , Bhat Manzoor Ahmad , Jeelani Shazia , Bhat Yasmeen Jabeen , Rather Shugufta P. , Bashir Shahnawaz 
Published: May 2022

Introduction:
Skin disorders represent a major proportion of occupational disorders. Dermatoses are becoming a source of concern in various population groups. In Kashmir valley, a large number of people are associated directly or indirectly with horticulture. Fruit cultivation is the main occupation of around 33 lakh people in the Union Territory.

Aim:
To study the profile of dermatological disorders in workers involved in fruit growing industry of Kashmir valley.

Materials and Methods:
This study was a cross-sectional observational study, carried out over a period of 2 years, in which 701 workers of fruit growing industry of Kashmir valley were screened.

Results:
276 (39.37%) of these workers were found to have skin lesions while the rest, that is, 425 (60.63%) were not found to have any dermatoses. Out of the total dermatological lesions observed, occupational dermatoses contributed to 94 cases (34.05%), while non-occupational dermatoses accounted for 182 cases (65.94%). Among the occupational dermatoses, friction-related disorders (callosities and cuts) were predominant (15.9%) followed by allergic (12%) and irritant contact dermatitis (6.2%). Out of the non-occupational dermatoses group, the major portion was comprised by polymorphic light eruption (6.2%) in non-infectious type while in infectious type, onychomycoses predominated (3.3%).

Conclusion:
Dermatological conditions form a major group of occupational dermatoses among workers involved in fruit cultivation.
Outcome Analysis of Surgeries Around Craniovertebral Junction
Authors: Ostagar Abdul Naim , Kumar Rajan , Akhtar Nasim , Das Sisir , Kar Arkadeb 
Published: May 2022

Background:
The craniovertebral junction (CVJ) is mainly affected by various bony developmental anomalies. Other causes of compression include trauma, tumors, atlantoaxial instability, and infection (tubercular/pyogenic). We have surgically treated 38 patients of CVJ utilizing different procedures over a span of 4 years and done retrospective study. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the outcome of surgeries around CVJ.

Materials and Methods:
In our institution, from September 2015 to August 2019, 38 patients underwent surgeries by different methods around CVJ and a retrospective analysis was done. Clinico-radiological evaluation was done to assess the results. The neurologic recovery rate was calculated by Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score.

Results:
There were 31 male and 7 female patients in our study with a mean age of 49.8 years (2–86 years). Three (3) anterior surgeries, one (1) combined anterior-posterior 360º fusion, and 34 posterior surgeries including 22 atlantoaxial fixations were done. Average JOA pre-op was 11.6 (range 4–16), at last follow-up average JOA is 14.1 (range 6–16). Radiologically, fusion was achieved in all except two cases.

Conclusion:
We conclude that CVJ procedures are safe and effective, posterior-only surgery gives promising results with high fusion rate and neurological improvement in most of the patients.
Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Using Bone-Patellar Tendon-Bone Graft Through Transtibial Tunnel
Authors: Barman Riddhideb , Pijush Sarkar Pushpal , Kisku Lawrence , Akhtar Mohammad Nasim , Keshkar Sanjay 
Published: May 2022

Background:
The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is conducted to improve the stability and function of the knee. Bone-patellar tendon-bone (BPTB) graft is still considered as one of the best grafts for ACL reconstruction. The purpose of this paper was to assess outcomes of BPTB ACL reconstruction at 7 years of follow-up.

Materials and Methods:
This was a retrospective study in which records of 26 patients, who had ACL reconstruction using BPTB graft from 2013 to 2015, were done and the outcomes of results were analyzed by clinical Tegner activity levels and Lysholm score at 6–8 years of follow-up.

Results:
The follow-up study has revealed excellent long-term results. Approximately 87% of 26 patients had negative pivot shift examination with the remaining 13% having grade 1 ligament laxity. Tegner activity levels were similar to preinjury levels and Lysholm score was 91. All patients were satisfied with the procedure.

Conclusion:
BPTB ACL reconstruction using transtibial tunnel provides a satisfactory mid-term follow-up outcome.
Comparison of Doubled Semitendinosus and Gracilis Autograft Versus Bone-Patellar Tendon-Bone Autograft for Reconstruction of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament
Authors: Karn Navin Kumar , Mishra Bibhuti Nath , Jha Ranjib Kumar 
Published: May 2022

Background:
The choice of graft for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is a matter of debate with hamstring and bone-patellar tendon-bone being the most popular autologous graft options. Objective: The objective of this study was to conduct a prospective randomized control trial comparing doubled semitendinosus and gracilis graft versus bone-patellar tendon-bone graft.

Materials and Methods:
Sixty patients with chronic unilateral rupture of ACL underwent arthroscopically assisted ACL reconstruction using quadrupled hamstring and bone-tendon-bone graft after randomization. Both groups were comparable with demographic data, preoperative activity level, mechanism of injury, the interval between injury and operation, and preoperative laxity of the knee. The same well-proved surgical technique and aggressive rehabilitation were used in all cases. The outcome assessment was done using the visual analog scale, Lysholm score, Tegner activity level, and International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) evaluation system.

Results:
At 2-year follow-up, we found that results within the same groups showed statistically significant improvement as assessed by IKDC, Tegner’s, and Lysholm operative scores. There was also a significant correlation between the manual Lachman test and stress laxometry findings. There was no statistically significant difference between the scores of the two groups (hamstring and bone patella tendon). In the hamstring group, we recorded a higher incidence of femoral tunnel widening, and in the bone-patellar tendon-bone group the higher incidence of kneeling discomfort and increased area of decreased sensation in the skin.

Conclusions:
Arthroscopic ACL reconstruction by either hamstring tendon graft or bone-patellar tendon-bone graft gives equally satisfactory results.
Demography and Impact of Initiation of Definitive Treatment in Osteoarticular Infections of Infants and Neonates
Authors: Makur Sayantan , Karmakar Arnab , Das Nilay K. 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Osteoarticular infections in infants, such as osteomyelitis and septic arthritis, are a growing problem with a potential for not only systemic after-effects but also irreversible joint damage and limb deformity. Therefore, early treatment is necessary to reduce permanent damage/deformity. The purpose of this study is to find out the demography and impact of early initiation of definitive institutional management in osteoarticular infections.

Materials and Methods:
This study was conducted after approval by the institutional review board. All neonates and infants admitted between June 2019 and May 2021 with a clinical and laboratory diagnosis of osteoarticular infection were included in this study. Data for each patient were collected using the Hosp Gestor program. Patients having a history of pain, redness, swelling in joints associated with fever, and discharging sinus from bone were studied for unknown risk factors and atypical presentations. The impact of definitive management and sequelae were noted in all patients.

Results:
In this study, males were affected more than females. Osteoarticular infection of septic arthritis (53%) is the most common followed by osteomyelitis (43%) affecting predominantly the hip joint. In the majority of the cases, atypical risk factors like congenital talipes equinovarus and preterm delivery were noted. The most common organism isolated was Staphylococcus aureus (35%); however, atypical organism was Acinetobacter haemolyticus (2.5%). Among treatment methods, surgical cleaning, arthrotomy, and drainage was the most common procedure. The greater the delay in institutional visit, the more severe was the complications. Worst outcomes and sequelae are seen when the delay is >3 months, namely epiphyseal growth arrest, varus deformity, and destroyed head of the femur; good outcomes are seen when a delay is for a few days.

Conclusion:
Early detection and institutional visit resulted in good outcomes. This study proves the truth behind the fact that delay in diagnosis and initiation of definitive treatment causes more complications and sequelae. This study also serves as a clinical guide to identify risk factors, awareness about early detection, and effective institutional treatment of osteoarticular infections in infants and neonates.
Role of renal replacement therapy in pregnancy related acute kidney injury and its outcome
Authors: Sachan Rekha , Shukla Savita , Shyam Radhey , Patel Munna Lal , Verma Manju Lata 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Pregnancy-related acute kidney injury (PRAKI) has bimodal distribution. The rates of maternal mortality and perinatal mortality in patients with PRAKI have increased. The aim of this study was to evaluate magnitude of PRAKI in North Indian women and to assess morbidity, mortality, and outcomes in patients who received renal replacement therapy.

Materials and Methods:
This prospective observational study was carried out in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, in collaboration with nephrology. A total of 150 women suffering from PRAKI were recruited and total 98 obstetrics AKI, requiring renal replacement therapy, classified as per KDIGO guidelines 2012 were enrolled for dialysis. Six patients were lost to follow up before final analysis. Haemodialysis was carried out by B. Brawn machine

Results:
Approximately 82% cases of PRAKI diagnosed in postpartum period. Mean cycles of dialysis was 9.06 ± 7.75 approximately half of the females required 1–5 cycles of dialysis. Higher percentages of maternal deaths were observed within 1–5 cycles of dialysis. Women received dialysis after 72 h showed increased chances of partial recovery. After 3 months of follow-up, rate of complete recovery was significantly higher in Stage I (100%) and Stage II (84.6%) PRAKI while rate of partial recovery and deaths were significantly higher in Stage III PRAKI (37.3%). Stage of AKI, baseline K+ levels, treatment modality, duration of ICU stay and use of Vasopressure showed significant association with adverse outcome

Conclusion:
Higher percentages of deaths were observed in those who referred late and delay in initiation of dialysis and it was observed within 1–5 cycles of dialysis.
Derivation of a Modified Friedewald’s equation for LDL cholesterol estimation in Sub-Himalayan population
Authors: Dudi Parmila , Vishwajeet  , Yadav Shashi Ranjan Mani , Sharma Poonam , Kumar Prashant , Mirza Anissa A. , Naithani Manisha , Rana Satyavati , Goyal Bela 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Despite the availability of alternative homogenous assays for LDL-C measurement, most of the laboratories still use Friedewald Equation (FE). However, various novel equations have shown better performance than FE specific to a particular population. Besides, no equation has been devised for use in Sub-Himalayan population.

Methods:
A cross-sectional laboratory data-based study was conducted by recruiting lipid profiles of 1851 samples to validate 10 different equations for calculating LDL and to devise a novel Modified Friedewald Equation (MFE) specific for Sub-Himalayan population.

Results:
The novel MFE is presented as: LDL-C = -2.421 + (0.752 × TC) - (0.047 × TG) - (0.350 × HDL). A significant difference was observed between direct LDL-C (118.84 ± 40.39 mg/dL) and all other equations except MFE (118.84 ± 37.96 mg/dl, P > 0.999) and Puavilai Equation (117.99 ± 49.05 mg/dL, P = 0.138). Additionally, MFE showed lowest mean percentage bias of 0.14% with 95% limits of agreement within ± 2SD on Bland-Altman analysis. On ROC analysis at cut-offs of clinical decision limits of 100 mg/dl, 130 mg/dl, 160 mg/dl, and 190 mg/dl, MFE outperformed all other equations with highest AUC (0.974, 0.978, 0.982, and 0.995) respectively with specificity >95% at higher levels. MFE also showed highest correlation (r = 0.954, P < 0.001) and least rMSE (13.8) with direct LDL although all the equations showed significant positive correlation with direct LDL (p < 0.001).

Conclusion:
MFE derived in this study showed a better diagnostic performance as compared to other 10 equations taking Direct LDL-C as gold standard for Sub-Himalayan Population and may be used as a substitute for FE in the study population.
Tuberculosis among resident doctors and nurses in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Chavan Yuvaraj B. , Shenoy Priyanka S. 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the widely rampant infectious diseases worldwide. Healthcare workers (HCWs) such as Medical students and nurses are continuously exposed to this air-borne infection in hospitals and are vulnerable to the infection. Overcrowding at workplace, inadequate ventilation, lack of personal protective measures, improper eating habits, etc., further make the HCWs more susceptible to TB.

Objectives:
Study of sociodemographic profile of resident doctors and nurses; study of factors for occurrence of TB among HCWs in a tertiary care hospital.

Materials and Methods:
Case-control study conducted. Questionnaire used to collect data. Comparison was made between the TB cases and controls among HCWs to identify the epidemiological determinants of TB and derive preventive measures for the same.

Results:
By Chi-Square test, regularity of breakfast P < 0.001; BMI P – 0.001; total duration of exposure to TB patients P – 0.013; screening for TB P – 0.014; adequacy of sleep P – 0.029; adequacy of protein intake P – 0.035 were found to have a significant association with the occurrence of TB.

Conclusion:
Having regular meals at appropriate times, nutritional status, duration of exposure to TB patients, history of screening being done or not were found to have a significant association with the occurrence of TB.