bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Complete genome sequence of a novel potyvirus infecting Miscanthus sinensis (silver grass)
Authors: Leblanc Zacharie , Gauthier Marie-Emilie , Lelwala Ruvini , Elliott Candace , McMaster Cassie , Eichner Robin , Davis Kevin , Liefting Lia , Thompson Jeremy , Dinsdale Adrian , Whattam Mark , Pattemore Julie , Barrero Roberto A. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractHere, we describe the full-length genome sequence of a novel potyvirus, tentatively named “Miscanthus sinensis mosaic virus” (MsiMV), isolated from Miscanthus sinensis (silver grass) held in a post-entry quarantine facility after being imported into Western Australia, Australia. The MsiMV genome is 9604 nucleotides (nt) in length, encoding a 3071-amino-acid (aa) polyprotein with conserved sequence motifs. The MsiMV genome is most closely related to that of sorghum mosaic virus (SrMV), with 74% nt and 78.5% aa sequence identity to the SrMV polyprotein region. Phylogenetic analysis based on the polyprotein grouped MsiMV with SrMV, sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV), and maize dwarf mosaic virus (MDMV). This is the first report of a novel monopartite ssRNA virus in Miscanthus sinensis related to members of the genus Potyvirus in the family Potyviridae.
LED-Based Photo-CIDNP Hyperpolarization Enables 19F MR Imaging and 19F NMR Spectroscopy of 3-Fluoro-DL-tyrosine at 0.6 T
Authors: Bernarding Johannes , Bruns Christian , Prediger Isabell , Plaumann Markus 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAlthough 19F has high potential to serve as a background-free molecular marker in bioimaging, the molar amount of marker substance is often too small to enable 19F MR imaging or 19F NMR spectroscopy with a sufficiently high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Hyperpolarization methods such as parahydrogen-based hyperpolarization or dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) can significantly improve the SNR, but require expensive and complex sample preparation and the removal of toxic catalysts and solvents. Therefore, we used the biologically compatible model of the fluorinated amino acid 3-Fluoro-DL-tyrosine with riboflavin 5ʹ-monophosphate (FMN) as a chromophore dissolved in D2O with 3.4% H2Odest., allowing to transform light energy into hyperpolarization of the 19F nucleus via photo-chemically induced dynamic nuclear polarization (photo-CIDNP). We used a low-cost high-power blue LED to illuminate the sample replacing traditionally used laser excitation, which is both potentially harmful and costly. For the first time, we present results of hyperpolarized 19F MRI and 19F NMR performed with a low-cost 0.6 T benchtop MRI system. The device allowed simultaneous dual-channel 1H/19F NMR. 19F imaging was performed with a (0.94 mm)2 in-plane resolution. This enabled the spatial resolution of different degrees of hyperpolarization within the sample. We estimated the photo-CIDNP-based 19F signal enhancement at 0.6 T to be approximately 465. FMN did not bleach out even after multiple excitations, so that the signal-to-noise ratio could be further improved by averaging hyperpolarized signals. The results show that the easy-to-use experimental setup has a high potential to serve as an efficient preclinical tool for hyperpolarization studies in bioimaging.
Teilnahmeinteresse, Wünsche und Visionen österreichischer Psychotherapeut_innen zur Psychotherapieforschung – Ergebnisse einer Online-Befragung
Authors: Figl Christin , Laireiter Anton-Rupert 
Published: May 2022

ZusammenfassungPraxisorientierte Psychotherapieforschung benötigt die Erfahrung, Sichtweisen und Mitarbeit praktizierender Psychotherapeut_innen. Es ist erstaunlich, dass bisher erst eine bereits 15 Jahre alte Studie über die Einstellung österreichischer Psychotherapeut_innen zur Psychotherapieforschung existiert. Um diese Forschungslücke zu schließen, wurden in einer Onlinestudie das Teilnahmeinteresse und die Wünsche und Visionen von österreichischen Psychotherapeut_innen (N = 855; 72.8 % Frauen, 28 bis 80 Jahre) zur Psychotherapieforschung erhoben. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass ein generelles Interesse an Studienteilnahmen besteht. Eine stärkere Förderung von Psychotherapieforschung wird stark unterstützt. Eine Ablehnung von Studienteilnahmen wurde primär mit Zeitmangel begründet und eine Belohnung für Teilnahmen gewünscht. Ein positives Erleben von Anfragen, bisherige Studienteilnahmen, eine positive Einstellung und ein weniger stark ausgeprägtes forschungskritisches professionelles Selbstverständnis konnten die Teilnahmebereitschaft signifikant vorhersagen. Therapeut_innen‑, Wirkfaktoren- und Wirksamkeitsstudien, qualitative oder kombiniert quantitativ-qualitative Methoden, Schulen übergreifende Fragstellungen sowie die Durchführung von Studien durch interdisziplinäre Teams oder Psychotherapeut_innen im Kontext von Psychotherapieforschungsinstituten erwiesen sich als die stärksten Motivatoren für Studienteilnahmen. Die Ergebnisse bieten Anknüpfungspunkte für Psychotherapiestudien: Einbezug und Berücksichtigung von Psychotherapeut_innen-Interessen, eine verstärkte Aufklärung über Möglichkeiten, sich an Forschungsprojekten zu beteiligen und eine adäquate Belohnung für Studienteilnahmen.
Fine-grained semantic type discovery for heterogeneous sources using clustering
Authors: Piai Federico , Atzeni Paolo , Merialdo Paolo , Srivastava Divesh 
Published: May 2022

AbstractWe focus on the key task of semantic type discovery over a set of heterogeneous sources, an important data preparation task. We consider the challenging setting of multiple Web data sources in a vertical domain, which present sparsity of data and a high degree of heterogeneity, even internally within each individual source. We assume each source provides a collection of entity specifications, i.e. entity descriptions, each expressed as a set of attribute name-value pairs. Semantic type discovery aims at clustering individual attribute name-value pairs that represent the same semantic concept. We take advantage of the opportunities arising from the redundancy of information across such sources and propose the iterativeRaF-STDsolution, which consists of three key steps: (i) a Bayesian model analysis of overlapping information across sources to match the most locally homogeneous attributes; (ii) a tagging approach, inspired by NLP techniques, to create (virtual) homogeneous attributes from portions of heterogeneous attribute values; and (iii) a novel use of classical techniques based on matching of attribute names and domains. Empirical evaluation on the DI2KG and WDC benchmarks demonstrates the superiority ofRaF-STDover alternative approaches adapted from the literature.
Simulated and clinical aerosol spread in common periodontal aerosol-generating procedures
Authors: Puljich Anthony , Jiao Kexin , Lee Ryan S. B. , Walsh Laurence J. , Ivanovski Sašo , Han Pingping 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Objectives
This study evaluated particle spread associated with various common periodontal aerosol-generating procedures (AGPs) in simulated and clinical settings.

Materials and methods
A simulation study visualized the aerosols, droplets, and splatter spread with and without high-volume suction (HVS, 325 L/min) during common dental AGPs, namely ultrasonic scaling, air flow prophylaxis, and implant drilling after fluorescein dye was added to the water irrigant as a tracer. Each procedure was repeated 10 times. A complementary clinical study measured the spread of contaminated particles within the dental operatory and quantified airborne protein dispersion following 10 min of ultrasonic supragingival scaling of 19 participants during routine periodontal treatment.

Results
The simulation study data showed that air flow produced the highest amount of splatters and the ultrasonic scaler generated the most aerosol and droplet particles at 1.2 m away from the source. The use of HVS effectively reduced 37.5–96% of splatter generation for all three dental AGPs, as well as 82–93% of aerosol and droplet particles at 1.2 m for the ultrasonic scaler and air polisher. In the clinical study, higher protein levels above background levels following ultrasonic supragingival scaling were detected in fewer than 20% of patients, indicating minimal particle spread.

Conclusions
While three common periodontal AGPs produce aerosols and droplet particles up to at least 1.2 m from the source, the use of HVS is of significant benefit. Routine ultrasonic supragingival scaling produced few detectable traces of salivary protein at various sites throughout the 10-min dental operatory.

Clinical relevance
The likelihood of aerosol spread to distant sites during common periodontal AGPs is greatly reduced by high-volume suction. Clinically, limited evidence of protein contaminants was found following routine ultrasonic scaling, suggesting that the the majority of the contamination consisits of the irrigant rather than organic matter from the oral cavity.
Development of the dog executive function scale (DEFS) for adult dogs
Authors: Foraita Maike , Howell Tiffani , Bennett Pauleen 
Published: May 2022

AbstractExecutive functions (EFs) are cognitive processes that are used to effortfully self-regulate behaviour and might be important for dogs’ success in working and pet roles. Currently, studies are assessing dogs’ EF skills through often laborious cognitive measures, leading to small sample sizes and lacking measures of reliability. A complementary method is needed. The aim of this study was to develop a dog executive function scale (DEFS) for adult dogs. Focus groups were held with people working with dogs professionally to refine a pool of items describing dog behaviours related to EF. A survey was distributed online to a convenience sample of N = 714 owners of adult dogs. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis identified six distinguishable factors named behavioural flexibility, motor inhibition, attention towards owner, instruction following, delay inhibition and working memory. These factors appear similar to factors identified in human EF scales. Working dogs exhibit higher EF scores on the DEFS than non-working dogs. Dogs sourced from breeders exhibited higher DEFS scores than dogs sourced from shelters, and the amount of training received positively correlated with dogs’ DEFS scores. The DEFS requires further validation with cognitive measures. The DEFS could then be used by researchers to complement assessment of dogs’ EF skills through cognitive measures or assess dogs’ EF skills in large samples.
Context specificity of latent inhibition in the snail Cornu aspersum
Authors: Muñiz-Moreno Judit , Loy Ignacio 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThe present study was conducted to assess the context specificity of latent inhibition (LI) in the snail Cornu aspersum, using the appetitive Pavlovian Conditioning procedure of tentacle lowering. Snails experienced an odorous conditioned stimulus (CS) without any consequence before being conditioned with food. The conditioned stimulus preexposure occurred in the same context than the conditioning and the test context or in the different context. The study was performed in two replicas in which the photoperiod was defined by level of illumination and time of day (circadian replica) or was defined only by light (light replica). Both replicas showed that the CS preexposure in the same context as conditioning produced a delay in the acquisition of the conditioned response (CR). However, when the CS preexposure took place in a different context than the conditioning context, an equivalent level of CR as that observed in controls without preexposition to CS was shown. These results are congruent with context specificity of LI and they provide the first evidence of this phenomenon in terrestrial mollusks. Learning processes and theories involved in this phenomenon are also debated in the paper.
Climate warming in the Himalayas threatens biodiversity, ecosystem functioning and ecosystem services in the 21st century: is there a better solution?
Authors: Kattel Giri R 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBiodiversity losses can lead to global environmental crisis. Humans utilize biodiversity for a variety of ecosystem services. However, what drives biodiversity losses have become a critical question during the 21st century. Lately, the Hindu Kush Himalayan (HKH) region in Asia, one of the world’s pristine habitats with the origin of majestic river systems including Brahmaputra, Indus, Mekong, and Yangtze, has witnessed rapid climatic warming. The unprecedented rates of climate warming in HKH has threatened biodiversity losses, ecosystem functioning and ecosystem services, and consequently the existence of mankind in the region. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and the Intergovernmental Science and Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES) highlight the risks to humanity arising from unsustainable use of natural resources and loss of biodiversity worldwide under rapid climate warming condition. In addition, the growing economic transformation in HKH can have high environmental costs and biodiversity losses. By realizing this fact, the Convention on Biological Diversity addresses the key issues of biodiversity and ecosystem services in the HKH by liaising with the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, Paris Agreement, and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Hence, the challenges of biodiversity losses, poor ecosystem functioning followed by reduced ecosystem services posed by climate warming and anthropogenic impacts needs to be addressed urgently by countries and multilateral agencies in HKH by identifying threatened ecosystem services and by providing better sustainability solutions. Here, I have outlined the current state of Himalayan biodiversity and ecosystem function and developed a framework for resilience management with an integrated approach of science and society to advance knowledge through learning. The resilience framework offers practical solutions comprising a robust and harmonized monitoring of climatic data, the use of multi-indicator approaches and modelling, and to make collaborated efforts among policy makers, implementers, and analysts to tackle evolving losses of biological diversity and reduction in ecosystem services in the HKH region.
What is the concordance between parent- and education professional-reported adaptive functioning in autistic children using the VABS-II?
Authors: Moore Heather L. , Couteur Ann Le , Charman Tony , Green Jonathan , Parr Jeremy R , Grahame Victoria 
Published: May 2022

AbstractAdaptive functioning of autistic children is traditionally measured through informant-report, often from parents. Behaviour varies across settings though, and context-specific reports should be considered. Limited and inconsistent results show low parent-education professional concordance, but no research has yet explored item level response variation. We investigated Vineland Adaptive Behaviour Scales-II concordance using 233 lower ability autistic children from the PACT-G sample. Domain and item level agreement was low, but better on objectively measured behaviours. Higher child nonverbal ability improved concordance. Where disagreements occurred, education professionals identified emergent skills more and parents were more likely to rate present/absent. Parents and education professionals view the adaptive abilities of autistic children differently and both should be considered when developing personalised interventions and support.
Design Space Survey on Social Robotics in the Market
Authors: Ramírez Valentina , Deuff Dominique , Indurkhya Xela , Venture Gentiane 
Published: May 2022

AbstractSocially interactive robots are being introduced in daily life as common objects that facilitate people’s life. A wide range of possibilities are offered and the trends show a growing market. In this survey 40 commercial robots were analysed to evaluate the state of the art from a design space perspective, aspects like embodiment, task, social role, context of use, DOF (Degrees of Freedom) and user studies performed on the robot are included. As a result, a clear design pattern was identified: an egg-shaped, white plastic robot with a rendered face that displays expression of emotions and a speech interface is the common base of the majority of the social robots available in the market. The preference for this kind of embodiment is not even studied nor documented in the literature and varies according to the target group and culture.
AFE-ORB-SLAM: Robust Monocular VSLAM Based on Adaptive FAST Threshold and Image Enhancement for Complex Lighting Environments
Authors: Yu Leijian , Yang Erfu , Yang Beiya 
Published: May 2022

AbstractMonocular Visual Simultaneous Localisation and Mapping (VSLAM) systems are widely utilised for intelligent mobile robots to work in unknown environments. However, complex and varying illuminations challenge the accuracy and robustness of VSLAM systems significantly. Existing feature-based VSLAM methods often fail due to the insufficient feature points that can be extracted in those challenging illumination environments. Therefore, this paper proposes an improved ORB-SLAM algorithm based on adaptive FAST threshold and image enhancement (AFE-ORB-SLAM), which works in the environments with complex lighting conditions. An improved truncated Adaptive Gamma Correction (AGC) is combined with unsharp masking to reduce the effect caused by different illuminations. What is more, an improved ORB feature extraction method with the adaptive FAST threshold is proposed and adopted to obtain more reliable feature points. To verify the performance of the AFE-ORB-SLAM, three public datasets (the extended Imperial College London and National University of Ireland Maynooth (ICL-NUIM) dataset with different lighting conditions, Onboard Illumination Visual-Inertial Odometry (OIVIO) dataset and the European Robotics Challenge (EuRoC) dataset) are utilised. The results are compared with other state-of-the-art monocular VSLAM methods. The experimental results demonstrate that the AFE-ORB-SLAM could achieve the highest average localisation accuracy with robust performance in the environments with complex lighting conditions while keeping similar performance in the normal lighting scenarios.
Gambling: Exploring the Role of Gambling Motives, Attachment and Addictive Behaviours Among Adolescents and Young Women
Authors: Macía L. , Estévez A. , Jáuregui P. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThere is a growing body of research that seeks to understand the aetiology, consequences and risk factors associated with addictive behaviours in youths. However, research examining the specific profile of adolescent females is very limited. Therefore, the objectives of the present study were, firstly, to explore the differences between attachment, gambling motives (social enhancement and coping), positive and negative affect, and addictive behaviours (gambling, drugs, spending, alcohol and video games) in female adolescents with and without risk of gambling problems. Secondly, the relationships between attachment, gambling motives, positive and negative affect and addictive behaviours were analysed in the subsample of female adolescents with problem gambling Thirdly, we examine the predictive role of positive and negative affect, gambling motives, and attachment in the aforementioned addictive behaviours. The sample was composed of 351 adolescents and young women, of which 312 had no risk of gambling and 39 had gambling problems. The results obtained revealed higher scores in drugs, spending, maternal attachment, and all gambling motives in the group of gambling problems. Likewise, analyses showed that the relevance of the predictor variables (attachment, gambling motives, and affect) varied according to the addiction that was taken as a reference point (i.e., gambling, drugs, spending, alcohol and video games).Consequently, the identification of the possible vulnerability factors for each addiction could be useful in the design of prevention and treatment approaches. In addition, the need for integrated and holistic health- and social- care programmes are suggested in terms of sex and age.
Towards enhanced PDF maldocs detection with feature engineering: design challenges
Authors: Falah Ahmed , Pokhrel Shiva Raj , Pan Lei , de Souza-Daw Anthony 
Published: May 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we perform an in-depth analysis of a large corpus of PDF maldocs to identify the key set of significantly important features and help in maldoc detection. Existing industry-based tools for the detection are inefficient and cannot prevent PDF maldocs because they are generic and depend primarily on a signature-based approach. Besides, several other methods developed by academics suffer heavily from reduced effectiveness. The feature-set using machine learning classifiers is prone to various known attacks, such as mimicry and parser confusion. Also, we discover that increasingly more malicious files i) contain evasive and obfuscated JavaScript code, ii) include hidden contents (mostly outside the objects), iii) have a corrupted document structure, and iv) usually contain short JavaScript code blocks. We utilise maldoc attacks’ evolution over a decade to highlight the essential features (e.g., concept drifts) that impact detectors and classifiers.
Cattle dung and bioturbation by dung beetles improve oak seedling establishment in Mediterranean silvopastoral ecosystems
Authors: Leiva María José , Sobrino-Mengual Guillermo 
Published: May 2022

AbstractThis study aims to determine whether the application of cattle manure and associated bioturbation by dung beetles and other invertebrates can increase oak seedling establishment in the high biodiversity Mediterranean silvopastoral systems known as “dehesas”, which are comprised of scattered oaks and a grassland layer and are used for livestock rearing. A two-year study was conducted in a representative dehesa in southern Spain. Firstly, the effect of cattle dung pads on acorn consumption by livestock and wild predators was monitored, along with dung beetle abundance and plot bioturbation. Secondly, the indirect effects of bioturbation on acorn burial, acorn predation by rodents and oak seedling establishment were assessed under the condition of livestock exclusion. The results consistently demonstrate a high positive indirect effect of the presence of cattle manure on the persistence of acorns, as well as on seedling establishment, as a result of reduced predation by rodents and improved microhabitat conditions for the acorns and seedlings. These processes were mediated by bioturbation. Tunneler dung beetles, which move a great amount of soil material, were dominant in our records, which suggest their importance for passive acorn burial, without disregarding the influence of other edaphic invertebrates present. We conclude that the presence of cattle manure significantly improves oak seedling establishment in Mediterranean dehesas through the passive burial of acorns by bioturbation, which acts to protect them from predation by rodents, desiccation and other damage. Passive acorn burial by dung beetles and other invertebrates thus emerges as an important ecosystem service that has been little-studied to date. Appropriate rotational management of livestock could therefore contribute to addressing the bottleneck of oak regeneration in Mediterranean dehesas.