bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlation Between Nurses' Body Mass Index (BMI) and Their Attitude Towards Obese Patients
Authors: Daud Azlina , Muhamed Nurul Ain Najwa , Ong Swee Leong , Shahadan Siti Zuhaidah 
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Obesity is categorised as a non-communicable disease and has become a global problem and it is a significant risk factor in developing medical conditions such as cardiovascular disease, hypertension, diabetes and others. Healthcare providers, especially nurses, play an important role in assisting and providing support to patients with weight problems. As the prevalence of overweight and obesity has risen, the report regarding negative attitudes among nurses, against obese people also has increased. As such, this study aims to examine the relationship between nurses' body mass index and their attitude toward obese patients.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted, and random sampling method was applied in selecting the study setting. One hundred and seven nurses were recruited from a variety of primary health clinics throughout Kuantan, Pahang. After obtaining informed consent, the questionnaires were distributed to the participants.
Results: Out of 107 participants, 84.1% showed a positive attitude towards obese patients. There is no significant association between the body mass index of nurses and their attitude towards obese patients as the significant value (p-value) is greater than 0.05.
Conclusion: In conclusion, the current study shows that nurses should maintain a positive attitude as it has been shown to boost the efficiency of nursing intervention and minimize biased attitudes.
KEGIATAN MENUMBUHKAN JIWA KEPEMIMPINAN PADA ANAK MELALUI EDUKASI DIGITAL DI YAYASAN DOMYADHU LEBAK BULUS
Authors: Hermawan Adi , Saputra Dedi , Nur Fadhilah Dian , Pratiwi Eva Sulistia , Rakhma Ina , Farid Indah Herlina , Lusiana Lusiana , Kristiana Yulia 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT The purpose of implementing this PKM is to provide knowledge to children so that they can be more motivated to be more creative and independent in growing their leadership spirit through digital education. Discipline itself when it raises an independent and creative attitude in which children will be able to overcome various kinds of problems faced so as to grow the spirit of leadership itself.The method used in this PKM is the presentation method which aims to make the understanding of the growth of leadership spirit easily accepted by the children. And as a result of this PKM, we hope that the children can understand more about the definition of leadership and see examples of people around them who can be used as leaders so that they better understand what a leader is like so that they know that leadership is very important and can be started in activities. daily. Keywords: Leadership, Children, and Digital Education ABSTRAK Tujuan dilaksanakannya PKM ini untuk memberikan pengetahuan kepada anak-anak agar mereka bias lebih termotivasi untuk lebih disiplin kreatif dan mandiri dalam menumbuhkan jiwa kepemimpinan melalui edukasi digital. Sikap disiplin sendiri kapan memunculkan sikap mandiri dan kreatif dimana anak-anak akan mampu mengatasi berbagai macam masalah yang dihadapi sehingga menumbuhkan jiwa kepemimpinan itu sendiri. Metode yang dipakai dalam PKM ini adalah metode presentasi dimana bertujuan agar pemahaman tentang penumbuhan jiwa kepemimpinan ini mudah diterima oleh anak-anak. Dan hasil dari PKM ini kami berharap anak-anak dapat lebih paham mengenai definisi kepemimpinan dan melihatcontoh orang sekitar yang bias dijadikan sosok pemimpin supaya mereka lebih mengerti seperti apa sosok pemimpin itu sendiri sehingga mereka tahu bahwa jiwa kepemimpinan sangat penting diterapkan dan bisa dimulai pada kegiatan sehari-hari. Kata Kunci: Kepemimpinan, Anak, dan Edukasi Digital
Determinan Time Budged Pressure, Morale Reasoning, Skeptisisme Profesional dan Due Professional Care terhadap Audit Quality
Authors: Mutmainah Kurniawati 
Published: February 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan pengaruh Time Budged Pressure ,Moral Reasoning, Skeptisisme Profesional, dan Due Professional Care terhadap Audit Quality pada auditor yang bekerja di BPK RI Perwakilan Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Sampel penelitian ini berjumlah 33 auditor yang telah memiliki pengalaman dalam tugas audit minimal dua tahun. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Teknik analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu analisis regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa Time Budged Pressure dan Skeptisisme Profesional berpengaruh positif terhadap Audit Quality. Sedangkan Moral Reasoning dan Due Professional Care tidak berpengaruh terhadap Audit Quality.
The Effect of Welding Parameters on the Corrosion Resistance of Austenitic Stainless Steel
Authors: Kemény Dávid Miklós , Kovács Dorina 
Published: February 2022

Electricity produced in power plants is essential in our everyday life. In general, the energy transfer takes place after processing the energy source in boilers or steam generators. Steam is generated through this process, that operates the turbines and they generate electricity through the generators. As such equipment operates in a high pressure, corrosive and high temperature environment, these circumstances may damage the tubes in the heat exchangers. Our research examines the potential of corrosion of heat exchanger tubes after welding. The typical corrosion process is pitting. The corrosion resistance of stainless steel depends on a protective, passive film formed on the surface of the steel exposed to the service environment. The use of fusion welding for fabrication leads to local variations in the chemical composition inside the material, which may significantly alter the stability of the passive layer and hence the corrosion behavior. The impact of welding parameters (shielding gas, amperage) was examined on corrosion resistance of X6CrNiTi18-10 austenitic stainless steel. The corrosion test was performed according to ASTM G48 standard. The weight loss was measured in Fe(III)-chloride solution by the first corrosion test. The results showed that the corrosion resistance of stainless steel was better at 50 A and 10 l/min welding parameters. During the second test, a potentiodynamic corrosion test was made, and the potentiodynamic curve was measured in 9% saline solution. In this solution, the stainless steel had a better corrosion property because it was measured in a less aggressive medium.
Pengaruh Penambahan Tepung Daun Bayam Dalam Pakan Komersil Terhadap Pertumbuhan Kepiting Bakau (Scylla serrata) Yang Dipelihara Dengan Sistem Resirkulasi Tertutup
Authors: Edi Edi , Muskita Wellem H. , Astuti Oce , Kurnia Agus , Hamzah Muhaimin , Yusnaini Yusnaini 
Published: February 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian pakan buatan dengan tepung daun bayam (TB) dalam pakan komersial (PK) terhadap pertumbuhan dan kelangsungan hidup kepiting bakau (S. serrate) yang dipelihara dengan sistem resirkulasi tertutup. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Terdapat empat jenis pakan buatan dengan presentase yang berbeda PK 55% TB 40% B 5% (Pakan A), PK 50% TB 45% B 5%(Pakan B), PK 45% TB 50% B 5% (Pakan C) dan PK 40% TB 55% B 5% (Pakan D) diberikan kepada kepitng bakau selama 60 hari. Parameter yang diamati adalah pertumbuhan mutlak (PM), laju pertumbuhan spesifik (LPS) dan kelangsungan hidup (SR.). Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa nilai rata-rata pertumbuhan mutlak berkisar antara 17,3 – 22,3 g sedangkan nilai rata-rata laju pertumbuhan spesifik pada kepiting bakau yang diberikan pakan uji berkisar antara 0,0025 – 0,0038 % dan nilai rata-rata kelangsungan hidup kepiting bakau yaitu 100%. Hasil analisa sidik ragam menunjukan pakan buatan dengan penambahan tepung bayam memberikan pengaruh yang tidak signifikan (P>0,05) terhadap pertumbuhan mutlak, laju pertumbuhan spesifik dan kelangsungan hidup. Peneitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa tepung daun bayam dapat ditambahkan pada pakan buatan berkisar 40-50 %.Kata kunci: Pakan buatan komersial, tepung bayam, kepiting bakau, sistem resirkulasi tertutup.
Studi Pertumbuhan Ikan Sidat (Anguilla bicolor) yang diberi Hormon Pertumbuhan Rekombinan Kerapu Kertang (rEIGH) dengan Selang Waktu Penyuntikan yang Berbeda
Authors: Sukriawan Sukriawan , Idris Muhammad , Kurnia Agus , Yusnaini Yusnaini , Abidin La Ode Baytul , Nur Indriyani 
Published: February 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh interval waktu optimum penyuntikan hormon pertumbuhan rekombinan ikan kerapu kertang (rElGH) terhadap pertumbuhan ikan sidat (A. bicolor). Sebayak 60 ekor ikan sidat dengan berat awal rata-rata 94-120 g ditempatkan kedalam 12 wadah bak kayu (5 ekor/wadah) diberi perlakuan perbedaan waktu penyuntikan hormon yaitu setiap 5 hari, 7 hari, 9 hari dan kontrol (tanpa penyuntikan hormon). Parameter yang diamati adalah pertumbuhan mutlak (PM), laju pertumbuhan spesifik (LPS) dan kelangsungan hidup. Hasil analisis sidik ragam menunjukan bahwa penyuntikan hormon pertumbuhan rekombinan ikan kerapu (rElGH) dengan rentang waktu yang berbeda memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan (P<0,05) terhadap PM, LPS dan kelangsungan hidup. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa penyuntikan hormon pertumbuhan rekombinan ikan kerapu kertang (rElGH) dengan selang waktu 9 hari menghasilkan PM dan LPS ikan sidat tertinggi yakni masing-masing sebesar 34.0 ± 1.22 g dan 0.61 ± 0.03 %. Kelangsungan hidup ikan sidat pada semua perlakuan adalah 100 %. Penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa penyuntikan hormon pertumbuhan rekombinan ikan kerapu kertang (rElGH) dengan selang waktu 9 hari dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan kelangsungan hidup ikan sidat.Kata kunci: Hormon rEIGH, waktu penyuntikan, pertumbuhan Ikan sidat, Anguilla bicolor
Evaluasi Tiga Jenis Pakan Dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Pertumbuhan Juvenil Ikan Kakap Putih (Lates calcalifer)
Authors: Saputra Ishaaq , Gunawan Eko Hendri 
Published: February 2022

Performa pakan dan pertumbuhan juvenile ikan kakap putih (Lates calcalifer) yang diberi pakan pakan berbeda (pakan standar, pakan formulasi, dan pakan vegetarian komersial) telah dilakukan. Sejumlah 240 ekor juvenil ikan baramundi (bobot awal 3,67 ± 0,025 gram) dipelihara pada sistem sirkulasi selama 60 hari. Parameter yang diamati meliputi laju perttumbuhan spesifik, rasio efisiensi pakan, rasio konversi pakan, kinerja pakan termasuk rasio konversi pakan, rasio efisiensi pakan, stabilitas air dipelajari. Pada akhir percobaan pemberian pakan, ikan kakap putih yang diberi pakan vegetarian komersial memiliki tingkat pertumbuhan spesifik tertinggi (1,29 ± 0,03%). Diantara semua perlakuan, pakan komersial menghasilkan rasio efisiensi pakan yang lebih tinggi dan rasio konversi pakan yang lebih (FER=0,68; FCR= 1,47). Koefisien Fulton (K) ikan secara signifikan lebih tinggi ketika diberi makan dengan pakan komersial (5.072,22 ± 205,74). Penilaian stabilitas air menunjukkan bahwa pakan yang diformulasikan memiliki tingkat kehilangan dry matter paling sedikit dengan kehilangan DM total (3,99 ± 0,10%). Total kehilangan dry matter untuk pakan basal dan pakan komersial masing-masing adalah 8,23 ± 6,39 dan 8,86 ± 0,29. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pakan vegetarian komersil dapat digunakan pada budidaya ikan kakap putih tanpa mempengaruhi respon fisiologis ikan kakap putih.Kata kunci: kakap putih, pakan, vegetarian
Kandungan Nutrisi dan Aktivitas Antioksidan Daun Nipah (Nypa Fruticans Wurmb) Sebagai Bahan Pakan Ikan
Authors: Mukti Retno Cahya , Amin Mohamad , Sari Melia Intan 
Published: February 2022

Tanaman nipah (Nypa fruticans Wumb) dikelompokkan ke dalam tanaman hutan mangrove yang tumbuh di daerah pantai di muara sungai yang berair payau. Penggunaan daun nipah pada ikan baru sebagai antibakteri sedangkan kandungan nutrisi daun nipah dan aktivitas antioksidan daun nipah muda dan tua belum diketahui. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kandungan nutrisi dan aktivitas antioksidan daun nipah muda dan tua sebagai bahan pakan ikan. Penelitian dilakukan dengan analisis proksimat dan uji aktivitas antioksidan menggunakan metode 1,1-difenil-2 pikrilhidrazil (DPPH). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa daun nipah mengandung kandungan nutrisi terutama karbohidrat yang tinggi dan antioksidan sangat kuat sehingga berpotensi menjadi bahan pakan ikan. Kandungan nutrisi daun nipah muda yang dihasilkan yaitu protein 10,64%, lemak 1,27%, bahan ekstrak tanpa nitrogen (BETN) 41,07%, serat kasar 38,82%, abu 8,20% dan nilai aktivitas antioksidan IC50 sebesar 29,04 µg/mL sedangkan kandungan nutrisi daun nipah tua yang dihasilkan yaitu protein 14,23%, lemak 2,33%, bahan ekstrak tanpa nitrogen (BETN) 49,99%, serat kasar 20,5*%, abu 12,88% dan nilai aktivitas antioksidan IC50 sebesar 43,59 µg/mL.Kata Kunci: Antioksidan, Daun Nipah, Nutrisi, Pakan Ikan
Histologi Usus Dan Hati Juvenil Ikan Bandeng (Chanos Chanos) Yang Diberi Pakan Berbahan Tepung Ampas Minyak Biji Kapuk (Ceiba Petandra)
Authors: Ijal Kasrun , Yusnaini Yusnaini , Abidin La Ode Baytul , Kurnia Agus 
Published: February 2022

Tepung ampas minyak biji kapuk (TAMBK) mengandung protein sebesar 27,32% sehingga dapat menjadi bahan pakan ikan, tetapi biji kapuk mengandung gossypol dan asam siklopropenat yang bersifat antinutrisi. Sehingga penggunaan tepung ini untuk mensubstitusi tepung kedelai dapat menurunkan kualitas pakan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dampak substitusi TK dengan TAMBK dengan dosis yang berbeda terhadap histologi usus dan hati pada juvenil ikan bandeng (Chanos chanos). Empat jenis pakan dibuat berdasarkan subtitusi tepung kedelai (TK) dengan tepung ampas minyak biji kapuk (TAMBK) yang terdiri atas :100% TK ; 0% TAMBK (pakan A), 75% TK : 25% TAMBK (pakan B), 50% TK : 50% TAMBK (pakan C), dan 25% TK : 75% TAMBK (pakan D). Sebanyak 120 ekor juvenil bandeng (rata-rata bobot awal: 0,80±1,89 g) dimasukkan ke dalam 12 akuarium (10 ekor/akuarium). Selama pemeliharaan, pakan diberikan 5% dari bobot tubuh per hari selama 30 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian 25-75% TAMBK dalam pakan menyebabkan abnormal pada organ usus yaitu vili usus menebal dan memendek, nekrosis vili serta peningkatan jumlah dan ukuran sel goblet. Jenis kerusakan pada organ hati yang tampak adalah bile stagnation atau stagnasi empedu, blood congestion dan melanomarophages centre. Kelangsungan hidup hewan uji adalah 40-60%. Maka disarankan pemberian TAMBK dibatasi (<25%) karena dapat merusak organ usus dan hati juvenile ikan bandeng.Kata Kunci: tepung ampas minyak biji kapuk, histologi, juvenil bandeng.
Hubungan Asupan Makan, Status Gizi, Dan Usia Menarche Ibu Dengan Menarche Dini Pada Remaja Putri Di Wilayah Perumahan Bumi Pertiwi 2, Kabupaten Bogor
Authors: Rachma Widya Siestianing , Puspita Ikha Deviyanti 
Published: February 2022

There has been a decrease in the age of menarche in the last few years. Various degenerative diseases can appear due to early menarche, women with early menarche have a relatively higher risk of heart disease, breast cancer, and increase 2.3 times the risk of metabolic syndrome regardless of ethnicity and race. Early menarche can be caused by genetic factors or changes in environmental factors, maternal age of menarche (genetic), nutritional status,and lifestyle. The purpose of this research is to find out the relationship of dietary intake, nutritional status, and maternal age of menarche with early menarche in adolescents in the Perumahan Bumi Pertiwi 2, Bogor. This study uses a cross sectional design with research subjects is adolescents with aged 10-14 years and life in the Perumahan Bumi Pertiwi 2 as many as 40 people. The variables studied in this study were food intake, nutritional status, and age of maternal menarche. The results of this study are there is a relationship between protein intake and nutritional status with the age of menarche, while the energy intake, fat, carbohydrates, calcium, and the age of maternal menarche have no relationship with the age of menarche in adolescents in the Bumi Pertiwi 2
Metal-Free Synthesis of 2-Substituted Quinazolines via Green Oxidation of o-Aminobenzylamines: Practical Construction of N-Containing Heterocycles Based on a Salicylic Acid-Catalyzed Oxidation System
Authors: Yamamoto Yuki , Yamakawa Chihiro , Nishimura Riku , Dong Chun-Ping , Kodama Shintaro , Nomoto Akihiro , Ueshima Michio , Ogawa Akiya 
Published: February 2022

Conventional quinazoline synthesis methods involve a highly multistep reaction, and often require excess amounts of substrate to control the product selectivity, leading to significant resource wastage. Hence, in this study, from the viewpoint of green chemistry, we developed a novel metal-free synthetic method for 2-substituted quinazoline derivatives by the 4,6-dihydroxysalicylic acid-catalyzed oxidative condensation of o-aminobenzylamines and benzylamines using atmospheric oxygen. In this system, the use of a catalytic amount of BF3‧Et2O (10 mol%) as a Lewis acid successfully led to the efficient oxidative condensation and intramolecular cyclization of these amines, followed by aromatization to afford the corresponding 2-arylquinazolines in up to 81% yield with excellent atom economy and environmental factor. Furthermore, to expand this green oxidation method to gram-scale synthesis, we investigated the development of an oxidation process using salicylic acid itself as an organocatalyst, and established a method for the practical green synthesis of a series of nitrogen-containing heterocycles. We expect that the findings will contribute to the development of practical synthesis methods for pharmaceutical manufacturing and industrial applications, along with further advancements in green chemistry.
The Multiscale Dynamics of Beat-to-Beat Blood Pressure Fluctuation Links to Functions in Older Adults
Authors: Jiang Xin , Cai Yurun , Wu Xiaoyan , Huang Baofeng , Chen Yurong , Zhong Lilian , Gao Xia , Guo Yi , Zhou Junhong 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundThe blood pressure (BP) is regulated by multiple neurophysiologic elements over multiple temporal scales. The multiscale dynamics of continuous beat-to-beat BP series, which can be characterized by “BP complexity”, may, thus, capture the subtle changes of those elements, and be associated with the level of functional status in older adults. We aimed to characterize the relationships between BP complexity and several important functions in older adults and to understand the underlying factors contributing to BP complexity.MethodA total of 400 older adults completed a series of clinical and functional assessments, a finger BP assessment of at least 10 min, and blood sample and vessel function tests. Their hypertensive characteristics, cognitive function, mobility, functional independence, blood composition, arterial stiffness, and endothelial function were assessed. The complexity of systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) BP series was measured using multiscale entropy.ResultsWe observed that lower SBP and DBP complexity was significantly associated with poorer functional independence (β &gt; 0.17, p &lt; 0.005), cognitive function (β &gt; 0.45, p = 0.01), and diminished mobility (β &lt; −0.57, p &lt; 0.003). Greater arterial stiffness (β &lt; −0.48, p = 0.02), decreased endothelial function (β &gt; 0.42, p &lt; 0.03), and excessed level of blood lipids (p &lt; 0.03) were the main contributors to BP complexity.ConclusionBlood pressure complexity is closely associated with the level of multiple functional statuses and cardiovascular health in older adults with and without hypertension, providing novel insights into the physiology underlying BP regulation. The findings suggest that this BP complexity metric would serve as a novel marker to help characterize and manage the functionalities in older adults.
Effects of High-Intensity Interval vs. Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training on Cardiac Rehabilitation in Patients With Cardiovascular Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Yue Tian , Wang Yan , Liu Hui , Kong Zhaowei , Qi Fengxue 
Published: February 2022

BackgroundStudies have shown that high-intensity interval training (HIIT) is superior to moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) for increasing peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) and reducing cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality. To our knowledge, previously published systematic reviews have neither compared different HIIT models with MICT nor investigated intervention frequencies of HIIT vs. MICT for purposes of improving cardiorespiratory fitness in patients with CVD.ObjectiveThe purpose of this meta-analysis was to compare the effects of different training models, intervention frequencies and weeks of HIIT vs. MICT on changes in cardiorespiratory fitness during cardiac rehabilitation (CR).MethodsA systematic search was carried out for research articles on randomized controlled trials (RCTs) indexed in the PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Embase and Scopus databases for the period up to December 2021. We searched for RCTs that compared the effect of HIIT vs. MICT on cardiorespiratory fitness in patients with CVD.ResultsTwenty-two studies with 949 participants (HIIT: 476, MICT: 473) met the inclusion criteria. Sensitivity analysis revealed that HIIT increased VO2peak more than MICT (MD = 1.35). In the training models and durations, there was a greater increase in VO2peak with medium-interval HIIT (MD = 4.02) and more than 12 weeks duration (MD = 2.35) than with MICT. There were significant improvements in VO2peak with a HIIT frequency of 3 times/week (MD = 1.28). Overall, one minor cardiovascular and four non-cardiovascular adverse events were reported in the HIIT group, while six non-cardiovascular adverse events were reported in the MICT group.ConclusionHIIT is safe and appears to be more effective than MICT for improving cardiorespiratory fitness in patients with CVD. Medium-interval HIIT 3 times/week for more than 12 weeks resulted in the largest improvement in cardiorespiratory fitness during CR.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42021245810, identifier: CRD42021245810.
A Bayesian Approach to Inferring Depositional Ages Applied to a Late Tonian Reference Section in Svalbard
Authors: Halverson Galen P. , Shen Chen , Davies Joshua H. F. L. , Wu Lei 
Published: February 2022

Increasing application of high precision uranium-lead (U-Pb) and rhenium-osmium (Re-Os) geochronology to the ancient geological record has resulted in massive improvement in age control and calibration of key Proterozoic stratigraphic successions and events. Nevertheless, some successions and time intervals remain poorly dated. Insufficient age constraints are particularly problematic for successions that are otherwise rich in geochemical, fossil, or other data with high potential to illuminate our understanding of Proterozoic Earth history. The latter Tonian succession in northeastern Svalbard is one such example. The ca. 820–740 Ma Akademikerbreen and lowermost Polarisbreen groups contain important microfossils and well-established carbon- and strontium-isotopic records, but they remain poorly dated. Here we use radioisotopic dates correlated from other Tonian successions across the globe using carbon isotope chemostratigraphy to calibrate a Tonian composite section in Svalbard by integrating Bayesian inference with a simple 1D thermal subsidence model. This approach allows us to assign realistic ages and uncertainties to all stratigraphic heights in a Akademikerbreen-lower Polarisbreen composite reference section. For example, the Bayesian age-height model yields ages for the onset and end of the Bitter Springs negative carbon isotope anomaly of 808.7 +3.3/−3.5 Ma and 801.9 +3.2/−3.3 Ma, respectively, and a total duration of 6.9 ± 0.2 Ma. These age and duration estimates can be applied to calibrate other Tonian successions that capture the Bitter Springs anomaly assuming that this anomaly is globally correlative.