bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dental Healthy Creative Monopoly Game as a Media for Counseling on Increasing Dental and Oral Health Knowledge in Elementary School Students
Authors: Maramis Jeana Lydia , Adam Jeanne D’Arc Zavera , Yuliana Ni Made , Naharia Gloria , Ratuela Jeineke 
Published: December 2022

Knowledge is the result of knowing through sensing and knowledge obtained from the teaching and learning process. The method of learning while playing is an interesting thing for children. Through play, children can get information about new things. Games are used to create an atmosphere of learning from passive to active, and from bored to happy, one of which is by using monopoly games. Monopoly is an effective and efficient media which was developed by modifying the game of monopoly according to the available materials and the learning materials to be implemented. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the dental healthy creative monopoly game was effective in increasing oral health knowledge. The research method used was a one group pretest-posttest design. Respondents in this study amounted to 66 students of Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Insani Tateli Minahasa Regency. From the results of this study, it was stated that the score of knowledge about dental and oral health was more (61%) in the less good criteria, after being given a monopoly game, the knowledge increased to 100% on the good criteria. The results of statistical tests, stated that there was a significant difference before and after being given the dental healthy creative monopoly game (p=0.000). In conclusion, the dental healthy creative monopoly game is effective in increasing the knowledge of dental and oral health for elementary school students.
Keywords: Dental healthy creative, monopoly game, knowledge, dental and oral health
Experience Caring for Covid-19 Patients: Phenomenological Study
Authors: Supartini Yupi , Riasmini Ni Made , Sukoco Agus Sri 
Published: December 2022

Covid-19 cases in Indonesia have shown a fairly high increase in several regions and the morbidity rate is also increasing. This requires proper treatment, especially adequate treatment so that the cure rate is increasing. This study aims to get an overview of the experiences of volunteers in providing care to Covid-19 patients. The design used is descriptive phenomenology with in-depth interview method. Participants were volunteers from Health Polytechnic of Jakarta III who treated Covid-19 patients with a total of 12 participants obtained by purposive sampling. The data collected in the form of recorded interviews and field notes were analyzed using the Collaizi technique. The results of the study found that there were 7 (seven) themes, namely: 1) Covid 19 is an infectious disease that threatens life; 2) Nurses' feelings in caring for COVID-19 patients; 3) Supporting and inhibiting factors in treating Covid 19 patients; 4) Support of nurses and families for covid 19 patients; 5) The readiness of nurses in treating Covid-19 patients; Nursing services for COVID-19 patients; and 7) Efforts to prevent the transmission of Covid 19. The results of this study are expected to provide information about the needs of volunteers in providing nursing care to Covid 19 patients.
Keywords: Phenomenology, volunteer, caring experience, covid-19
Pengembangan LKPD Terintegrasi Praktikum Berbasis Kontekstual dengan Komponen REACT pada Materi Sistem Koloid untuk Kelas XI SMA/ MA
Authors: Jumalia Rima , Suryelita Suryelita 
Published: December 2022

Sistem koloid merupakan materi kimia yang dipelajari di kelas XI SMA/MA pada semester genap. Materi ini dekat dengan kehidupan sehari-hari terutama sifat dan contohnya serta memerlukan praktikum. Karena itu salah satu strategi pembelajaran yang dapat digunakan adalah kontekstual. Tujuan penelitian adalah menghasilkan LKPD terintegrasi praktikum berbasis kontekstual dengan komponen REACT serta menentukan kevalidan dan kategori praktikalitas bahan ajar. Jenis penelitian adalah penelitian dan pengembangan (R&D) dengan model 4-D yaitu define, design, dan develop, sedangkan tahap disseminate tidak dilakukan. Data hasil penelitian dianalisis dengan formula Aiken’s V. Berdasarkan analisis angket uji validitas oleh 3 orang dosen dan 2 orang guru kimia didapatkan hasil bahwa LKPD yang dikembangkan sudah valid (0,86). Hasil analisis angket praktikalitas yang diberikan kepada 3 orang guru kimia memiliki kategori sangat praktis (92,30%) dan hasil analisis angket yang diberikan kepada 36 orang peserta didik kelas XI memiliki kategori sangat praktis (84,40%).
Kata Kunci: Sistem Koloid, LKPD, Strategi Kontekstual, Validitas dan Praktikalitas.
Constitutional justice as an element of the law protection function of the EU States
Authors: Fomina S. 
Published: December 2022

Traditionally, the main function of the body of constitutional jurisdiction is the function of constitutional control, but the human rights function, although not a classic one, is equally important.
The human rights protection function of the body of constitutional jurisdiction in practice is expressed in ensuring the possibility of turning to such a body of a natural or legal person whose rights have been violated, as is usually the case in the case of using all possible means of protection.
In this article, the experience of applying the human rights function by the bodies of constitutional jurisdiction is considered on the example of the activities of the constitutional courts of the countries of Central Europe and at the same time of the countries of the European Union - Poland, Hungary, Slovakia and the Czech Republic. This experience is valuable for Ukraine, since the constitutional crisis recently affected the Constitutional Court of Ukraine, as well as in view of the active European integration processes in Ukraine and the need for its post-war reconstruction, which is not possible without the coordinated functioning of all state authorities.
The article examines the experience of reforming the body of constitutional jurisdiction, the legislator's view on the powers of such a body, and vivid examples from human rights practice. A conclusion was made about the formation of transnational constitutionalism by such states, similar to the principles of the European Union, the application of unified, developed principles of proportionality when assessing the balance in the conflict of two or more fundamental human rights.
The concept of the principle of procedural economy in civil proceedings
Authors: Muzychko S. 
Published: December 2022

The article is devoted to revealing the concept and content of the principle of procedural economy as a component of civil justice. An analysis of national and European judicial practice in civil proceedings was carried out.
The article examines and analyzes certain aspects of procedural economy in the civil process component, which is important for increasing the efficiency of the latter. Methods of abuse of procedural rights in civil proceedings are analyzed.
Civilians consider the issue of including the principle of procedural economy as a separate provision to the civil procedure code controversial, however, the procedural law enshrines the elements of procedural economy in its prescriptions.
Achieving a balance between the rational use of resources and making fair decisions is one of the main tasks of the judiciary. Ensuring the effectiveness of the principle of procedural economy is implemented in the interrelationship of saving time, actions and funds, which is inseparable, and the loss or reduction of the value of at least one of them will negatively affect the effectiveness of civil proceedings in general.
It was determined that the consideration and resolution of the case conditions the means of ensuring the achievement of a law-enforceable result, which should be characterized by efficiency, which is reflected at the national level through the requirements of timeliness, impartiality and justice. The effectiveness of the principle of procedural economy and its material and legal value are highlighted. Excessive duration of civil cases can have negative consequences for both the participants in the process and the judges, as well as for society and the state as a whole. The speed of judicial proceedings is a necessary condition for achieving the objective truth. The court decision must correspond to the actual circumstances, and it is easier to establish them the less time has passed since their occurrence. In addition, the need to protect a person's right arises due to its violation, which puts it in a difficult position, leads to complications and further legal uncertainty. Attention is paid to the analysis of the essence of saving the process and methods of its implementation are determined.
It is proposed to include the principle of procedural economy in the list of principles of civil justice at the level of legislative changes to the national legislation, which will definitely have a positive effect on the further development of the civil process.
The problems of legal regulation of the prosecutor's participation in the civil process
Authors: Sydorenko N. 
Published: December 2022

The article studies actual problems of legal regulation of prosecutor’s participation in civil procedure, analyses court practice of national courts and European Court of Human Rights. The author points out at the collisions of current legislation of Ukraine regarding legal regulation of prosecutor’s participation in court procedure. The article analyses special decisions of European Court of Human Rights in the context of prosecutor’s protection of person’s interests providing civil proceedings and necessity to follow the principle of equality of all participants in the trial and ensuring fair consideration and resolution of civil cases. In the article a special attention is paid to issues of ensuring of procedural balance of equality of all participants in the trial according to the provisions of Civil Procedure Code Of Ukraine taking into consideration that participants have no right to declare recusal of the prosecutor, insufficient level of knowledge in the sphere of law in comparison with prosecutor and extended amount of prosecutor’s possibilities concerning collection and providing evidences to the court in civil cases, and issue of enforcement of separate court ruling in the case of improper performance of professional obligations or other violation of the law by prosecutor. The author emphasizes that legally defined list of persons, whose interests can be protected in civil procedure by prosecutor doesn’t contain adult capable persons who may require such defense due to old age or disability. The author studies conflicts between provisions of the Law of Ukraine on the Public Prosecutor’s Office and Civil Procedure Code of Ukraine regarding intervention in a case, in which the proceedings have been initiated upon a claim of another person. The author comes to conclusion about expediency of legal universalization and harmonization, consideration of European lawmaking and court institute’s recommendations and consequently amendments to current provisions of the Law of Ukraine on the Public Prosecutor’s Office and Civil Procedure Code of Ukraine in order to facilitate enforcement of compliance with the principles of civil proceedings - equality of all participants in the trial under the law and before the court, adversarial character of the parties and supporting of fair consideration of civil cases with the participation of prosecutor.
Legal regulation of copyright in the ukrainian lands of the Russian Empire
Authors: Michnevisch L. 
Published: December 2022

The article explores the genesis of the legislative consolidation of copyright law in the Ukrainian lands that were a part of the Russian Empire. The thesis is substantiated that the legal regulation of copyright law in these territories was formed under the influence of both European legal traditions and imperial legislative norms. It was revealed that the formation of the idea of authorship in Russia occurred much later than in European countries. The reasons were the long-term attachment of copyright law to censorship legislation and the late commercialization of publishing. It was revealed that the right to literary property was first established in Russian legislation. The literary property was considered as acquired property. Later on, the right of musical and artistic property received legal protection. The thesis has proved that the proprietary concept of copyright law in Russia has been dominant for a long time. At the end of the 19th century, the question of the legal nature of copyright law became relevant, which ultimately formed the idea of separating property and non-property interests of the author in Russian law. Therefore, the evolution of copyright law in the Russian Empire is characterized by a transition from the protection of the interest of the distributor of the work to the protection of the interest of the author.
It was revealed that in the 19th century Russia was in certain isolation and did not participate in the most important international agreements on the protection of intellectual property, except for two bilateral conventions with France and Belgium on the protection of copyright law. It was established that the copyright law in 1911 brought the legal regulation of copyright law in the Russian Empire to the European level and introduced many progressive novellas that positively impacted the further development of the institution of copyright law.
All-Russian legislation of copyright law was also extended to Ukrainian-controlled lands. However, it is indicated that Russia introduced rather strict censorship rules for Ukrainian-language publications to their complete ban, therefore there is no need to talk about the protection of copyrights law of Ukrainian authors.
The nature of obligation in the views of J. St. Mill and J. Austin
Authors: Popovych T. 
Published: December 2022

The article is devoted to the analysis of the nature of obligations in the light of the views of certain thinkers of utilitarianism and positivism, namely: J.St. Mill and J. Austin. The author emphasizes that the utilitarian vision of J.St. Mill, first of all, connects obligation not so much with the desire to maximize good in society, but with minimizing harm from the actions of individuals. The obligation is characterized by compulsion to certain socially useful actions, for failure of which the individual may be held liable. At the same time, he is obliged to refrain from everything that harms others. Therefore, an obligation is what can be demanded from a person. According to the thinker, the sphere of moral obligations includes rules that determine exactly those obligations that society has approved for fulfillment. The criterion of the correctness of our actions is the extent to which they contribute to the achievement of happiness - the highest goal of human aspirations. The motives for fulfilling moral obligations are the so-called external and internal moral sanctions. According to J. St. Mill, justice involves not only the obligation to do right (and not to do wrong), but also the demand of certain persons regarding what they have a moral right to do.
At the same time, the teaching of J. Austin (the so-called theory of orders) regulates a strict concept of obligations that permeates the entire legal system. The obligation is embodied in an order, implemented through the law, provided with a sanction. The sanction is a necessary element of the law, in its absence the binding effect of legal norms loses its force. The English scientist somewhat radicalizes the doctrine of obligations: the existence of rights is possible only due to the existence of obligations. The fulfillment of a obligation is the fulfillment of the will of a person (God, a sovereign or a private individual) who possesses power (supremacy). It should be noted that only in the context of religious obligations, which derive from divine laws, the scientist talks about the motivation of fulfilling obligations - the greatest happiness for all people. In the remaining cases, the implementation of the orders of superiors by inferiors is assumed to be uncompromising and does not take into account the will of the individual. Society becomes a community of people in which obligation reigns, thanks to which development and provision of good for all is possible.
A journey from resect to respect to restore: aiming at optimal physiological surgical mitral valve repair
Authors: Mastro Florinda , Angelini Annalisa , D’Onofrio Augusto , Gerosa Gino 
Published: December 2022

The concept of ‘repairing’ a degenerated mitral valve in order to restore the native competence means achieving the best physiological result coupled with the least invasive approach: this represents an interesting challenge for cardiac surgeons. The evolution of cardiac surgery through the years has involved techniques and technologies in every field of interest.
From ‘resect’, to ‘respect’, to ‘restore’: the micro-invasive approach based on Neochord implant implies a transapical beating heart surgery which is based on the concept of implanting artificial chordae, preserving the physiological dynamics of the mitral annulus and avoiding the disadvantages of cardiopulmonary bypass and cardioplegic arrest of the heart.
Dynamics of the African swine fever spread in Poland
Authors: Bocian Łukasz , Frant Maciej , Ziętek-Barszcz Anna , Niemczuk Krzysztof , Szczotka-Bochniarz Anna 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Introduction
African swine fever (ASF) is a lethal haemorrhagic disease of Suidae, present in Poland since 2014. The natural reservoir of ASF in Europe is the wild boar (Sus scrofa); however, human activity facilitates long-distance introductions of the disease. In ASF control it is important to identify areas at increased risk of infection. Such identification and estimation of the disease’s progress and subsequent spread will help to identify the specific preventive action needs in given zones. Serving this purpose, this study is a spatial and statistical analysis of ASF spread through noted outbreak data.

Material and Methods
The spatial-temporal analysis was conducted on the basis of data including the time and location of all ASF outbreaks both in wild boars and domestic pigs in Poland in 2014–2021.

Results
The analysis indicates possible routes and directions for further ASF spread in Poland, estimates the annual increase of the affected area (approx. 25,000 km2 every year since 2017) and marks trends. The strong method-independent correlation between the year and the surface area affected by African swine fever indicated a near-linear generalised trend.

Conclusion
Given the growth trend, we can expect ASF to expand further into new territories of the country; however, it is important to realise that there is still a significant area to protect, because 60% of Poland remains ASF-free.
Effect of immunomodulation in turkeys infected with haemorrhagic enteritis virus on the percentage of CD4+ and CD8α+ T lymphocyte subpopulations synthesising IFN-γ
Authors: Tykałowski Bartłomiej , Koncicki Andrzej 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Introduction
Haemorrhagic enteritis virus (HEV) is a common turkey pathogen which suppresses the immune function. The immunosuppressive potential of both field and vaccine strains of HEV makes it necessary to seek substances which can limit or prevent this phenomenon. The aim of the presented work was to investigate the effect of two immunomodulators in the immune response of HEV-infected turkeys. The immunomodulators were synthetic methisoprinol and a natural preparation containing 34.2% β-glucans (β-1,3/1,6) and 12% mannan oligosaccharides (MOS).

Material and Methods
The synthetic immunomodulator was administered to female Big 6 turkey chicks at a dose of 200 mg/kg b.w. in drinking water i) for 3 days before, ii) for 5 days after, or iii) for 3 days before, on the day of infection, and for 5 days after experimental HEV infection in turkeys. The natural counterpart was also given to female Big 6 turkey chicks at a dose of 500 g/tonne of feed i) for 14 days before, ii) for 5 days after, or iii) for 14 days before, on the day of infection, and for 5 days after infection. Their effect was evaluated on the synthesis of interferon gamma (IFN-γ) by splenic CD4+ and CD8α+ T cells in response to mitogen stimulation in vitro. Samples were taken 3, 5 and 7 days after infection and analysed by intracellular cytokine staining assay.

Results
Methisoprinol was shown to increase the CD4+IFN-γ+ and CD8α+IFN-γ+ T cell count in these birds over the same cell count in control turkeys. A similar effect was obtained in turkeys that received the natural immunomodulator.

Conclusion
The evaluated immunomodulators may be used to attenuate the effects of immunosuppression in HEV-infected turkeys.
Health risk assessment in the vicinity of a copper smelter: particulate matter collected on a spider web
Authors: Trzyna Agnieszka , Rybak Justyna , Bartz Wojciech , Górka Maciej 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
We used spider webs as a particulate matter (PM) sampler to assess the possible health risk to the inhabitants of Legnica city (Poland). We aimed to find out if it is a useful material and could provide reliable information. We selected two spider families (Agelenidae and Linyphiidae) whose webs structure enhances the PM accumulation. The collected particles were analysed using a Scanning Electron Microscope equipped with Energy Dispersive X-Ray (SEM-EDX) and Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) which provided morphological and chemical information and allowed to indicate possible sources of pollution. The results showed that PM10, the fraction of particles smaller than 10 µm, was dominated by the particles of natural origin, while fine fractions were composed of diverse anthropogenic particles, whose origin can be connected with the activity of the copper smelter and in smaller quantity with the road traffic. The carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risk was assessed for these pathways: inhalation, ingestion, and dermal, for children and adults. The non-carcinogenic risk was very high (Hazard Index: HI > 1) both for children (Cu, Ni, Pb, Cd) and adults (Cu, As, Pb, Cd). Moreover, high carcinogenic risk (>10-4) was found in most of the sampling points. The study shows that spider webs are useful in biomonitoring of PM and can also be used for health risk assessment. In the studied region, it was found that the possible negative impact of air pollution on human health exists.
Dependence of Housing Real Estate Prices on Inflation as One of the Most Important Factors: Poland’s Case
Authors: Melnychenko Oleksandr , Osadcha Tetiana , Kovalyov Anatoliy , Matskul Valerii 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The study aimed to examine the impact of inflation on the real estate market using Polish panel data for the last 13 years. It is based on a panel model, where price changes of one square meter of housing are determined as a function in changes of inflation, the central bank’s base rate, dwellings built, as well as new mortgage loans. The quarterly dynamics of the average price of 1 square meter of housing in Poland’s eight largest cities in the 2009-2021 period was studied. This price was modeled and predicted using one of the Box-Jenkins time series models: the Holt-Winter model of exponential smoothing with a damped trend. The forecasting results showed a small (up to 4%) relative error in comparison with the actual data. In addition, the moment (2017) of the price trend change was found. Therefore, piecewise linear regressions with high regression coefficients were used when modeling the impact of inflation changes on the real estate market indicators under consideration. The results obtained provide valuable insight into the relationship of real estate market indicators, allowing consumers to predict available options and make decisions in accordance with their preferences.