bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How to prove optimal convergence rates for adaptive least-squares finite element methods∗
Authors: Bringmann Philipp 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
The convergence analysis with rates for adaptive least-squares finite element methods (ALSFEMs) combines arguments from the a posteriori analysis of conforming and mixed finite element schemes. This paper provides an overview of the key arguments for the verification of the axioms of adaptivity for an ALSFEM for the solution of a linear model problem. The formulation at hand allows for the simultaneous analysis of first-order systems of the Poisson model problem, the Stokes equations, and the linear elasticity equations. Following [Carstensen and Park, SIAM J. Numer. Anal. 53 (1), 2015], the adaptive algorithm is driven by an alternative residual-based error estimator with exact solve and includes a separate marking strategy for quasi-optimal data resolution of the right-hand side. This presentation covers conforming discretisations for an arbitrary polynomial degree and mixed homogeneous boundary conditions.
Nothingness and the Left Hand of God: Evil, Anfechtung, and the Hidden God in Luther, Barth, and Jüngel
Authors: Casewell Deborah 
Published: May 2022

Summary
The hiddenness of God in relation to opus alienum reflects, in Luther, a particular theological anthropology: one based on the limits of humanity and the futility of human action; and one that ascribes a certain role to suffering. One aspect of this account of the hiddenness of God is a figure whose terror remains unmitigated even by the light of salvation. In their discussions of the hiddenness of God, Karl Barth and Eberhard Jüngel reject this particular hiddenness of God. However, their theologies draw on the opus alienum, and in doing so, they examine and analyse the despair and anxiety that characterise it in their own discussions of evil as nothingness. These accounts of nothingness engage with philosophical accounts of nothingness as being that which prompts self-assertion and actualisation as authentic existence. However, this use of the opus alienum opens their theologies up to the figure that they rejected in their prior accounts of hiddenness: the hidden, alien, and terrifying God.
Competing with God?
Authors: Turner P. Roger , Wessling Jordan 
Published: May 2022

Summary
Christians often presume that immediate and universally extensive divine governance of human behavior is incompatible with human agency and responsibility. Against this presumption, Kathryn Tanner argues for a distinctive metalinguistic paradigm whereby Christians can coherently speak of God’s transcendence in such a way that divine action could never in principle ‘compete’ with human action. Thus, it is said, God can comprehensively will each human action without thereby compromising significant human freedom and corresponding moral responsibility. In this article, it is argued that Tanner’s non-competitivist paradigm fails to circumvent a theological version of the ‘direct argument’ for the incompatibility between human moral responsibility and causal determinism.
Philosophical Optimism and Philosophy of Historical Progress in Slovak Lutheran Ethics in the First Half of the 19th Century
Authors: Gluchman Vasil 
Published: May 2022

Summary
The author studies the form of philosophical optimism in Slovak Lutheran ethics in the first half of the 19th century in the views of Ján Kollár and Ján Chalupka. Herder’s philosophy of history and his philosophy of historical progress significantly influenced Slovak Lutheran ethics of the given period. In the author’s view, Kollár and Chalupka mainly appreciated human history as progress in all parts of life and refused glorification of the past. However, they did not limit their assessment to a positive evaluation of the present; they used one’s own mistakes and faults to appeal to moral development of man and placed to the forefront the belief in a better future of mankind in the form of humanity.
Determination of safe levels of persistent organic pollutants in toxicology and epidemiology
Authors: Muir Tom , Michalek Joel E , Palmer Raymond F 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
We reviewed published manuscripts from toxicology and epidemiology reporting harmful health effects and doses of persistent organic pollutants (POPs), published between 2000 and 2021. We found 42 in vitro, 32 in vivo, and 74 epidemiological studies and abstracted the dose associated with harm in a common Molar unit. We hypothesized that the dose associated with harm would vary between animal and human studies. To test this hypothesis, for each of several POPs, we assessed the significance of variation in the dose associated with a harmful effect [categorized as non-thyroid endocrine (NTE), developmental neurotoxicity (DNT), and Thyroid] with study type (in vitro, in vivo, and Epidemiology) using a linear model after adjustment for basis (lipid weight, wet weight). We created a Calculated Safety Factor (CSF) defined as the toxicology dose divided by epidemiology dose needed to exhibit significant harm.
Significant differences were found between study types ranging from <1 to 5.0 orders of magnitude in the dose associated with harm. Our CSFs in lipid weight varied from 12.4 (95% confidence interval (CI) 3.3, 47) for NTE effects in Epidemiology relative to in vivo studies to 6,244 (95% CI 2510, 15530) for DNT effects in Epidemiology relative to in vitro in wet weight representing 12.4 to 6.2 thousand-fold more sensitivity in people relative to animals, and mechanistic models, respectively. In lipid weight, all CSF 95% CI lower bounds across effect categories were less than 6.5. CIs for CSFs ranged from less than one to four orders of magnitude for in vivo, and two to five orders of magnitude for in vitro vs. Epidemiology. A global CSF for all Epidemiology vs. all Toxicology was 104.6 (95% CI 72 to 152), significant at p<0.001.
Bisphenol A Exposure Induces Sensory Processing Deficits in Larval Zebrafish during Neurodevelopment
Authors: Scaramella Courtney , Alzagatiti Joseph B. , Creighton Christopher , Mankatala Samandeep , Licea Fernando , Winter Gabriel M. , Emtage Jasmine , Wisnieski Joseph R. , Salazar Luis , Hussain Anjum , Lee Faith M. , Mammootty Asma , Mammootty Niyaza , Aldujaili Andrew , Runnberg Kristine A. , Hernandez Daniela , Zimmerman-Thompson Trevor , Makwana Rikhil , Rouvere Julien , Tahmasebi Zahra , Zavradyan Gohar , Campbell Christopher S. , Komaranchath Meghna , Carmona Javier , Trevitt Jennifer , Glanzman David , Roberts Adam C. 
Published: May 2022

AbstractBecause of theirex uterodevelopment, relatively simple nervous system, translucency, and availability of tools to investigate neural function, larval zebrafish are an exceptional model for understanding neurodevelopmental disorders and the consequences of environmental toxins. Furthermore, early in development, zebrafish larvae easily absorb chemicals from water, a significant advantage over methods required to expose developing organisms to chemical agentsin utero. Bisphenol A (BPA) and BPA analogs are ubiquitous environmental toxins with known molecular consequences. All humans have measurable quantities of BPA in their bodies. Most concerning, the level of BPA exposure is correlated with neurodevelopmental difficulties in people. Given the importance of understanding the health-related effects of this common toxin, we have exploited the experimental advantages of the larval zebrafish model system to investigate the behavioral and anatomic effects of BPA exposure. We discovered that BPA exposure early in development leads to deficits in the processing of sensory information, as indicated by BPA’s effects on prepulse inhibition (PPI) and short-term habituation (STH) of the C-start reflex. We observed no changes in locomotion, thigmotaxis, and repetitive behaviors (circling). Despite changes in sensory processing, we detected no regional or whole-brain volume changes. Our results show that early BPA exposure can induce sensory processing deficits, as revealed by alterations in simple behaviors that are mediated by a well-defined neural circuit.
Columnar Localization and Laminar Origin of Cortical Surface Electrical Potentials
Authors: Baratham Vyassa L. , Dougherty Maximilian E. , Hermiz John , Ledochowitsch Peter , Maharbiz Michel M. , Bouchard Kristofer E. 
Published: May 2022

Electrocorticography (ECoG) methodologically bridges basic neuroscience and understanding of human brains in health and disease. However, the localization of ECoG signals across the surface of the brain and the spatial distribution of their generating neuronal sources are poorly understood. To address this gap, we recorded from rat auditory cortex using customized μECoG, and simulated cortical surface electrical potentials with a full-scale, biophysically detailed cortical column model. Experimentally, μECoG-derived auditory representations were tonotopically organized and signals were anisotropically localized to less than or equal to ±200 μm, that is, a single cortical column. Biophysical simulations reproduce experimental findings and indicate that neurons in cortical layers V and VI contribute ∼85% of evoked high-gamma signal recorded at the surface. Cell number and synchrony were the primary biophysical properties determining laminar contributions to evoked μECoG signals, whereas distance was only a minimal factor. Thus, evoked μECoG signals primarily originate from neurons in the infragranular layers of a single cortical column.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTECoG methodologically bridges basic neuroscience and understanding of human brains in health and disease. However, the localization of ECoG signals across the surface of the brain and the spatial distribution of their generating neuronal sources are poorly understood. We investigated the localization and origins of sensory-evoked ECoG responses. We experimentally found that ECoG responses were anisotropically localized to a cortical column. Biophysically detailed simulations revealed that neurons in layers V and VI were the primary sources of evoked ECoG responses. These results indicate that evoked ECoG high-gamma responses are primarily generated by the population spike rate of pyramidal neurons in layers V and VI of single cortical columns and highlight the possibility of understanding how microscopic sources produce mesoscale signals.
Encoding of Environmental Cues in Central Amygdala Neurons during Foraging
Authors: Ponserre Marion , Fermani Federica , Gaitanos Louise , Klein Rüdiger 
Published: May 2022

To successfully forage in an environment filled with rewards and threats, animals need to rely on familiar structures of their environment that signal food availability. The central amygdala (CeA) is known to mediate a panoply of consummatory and defensive behaviors, yet how specific activity patterns within CeA subpopulations guide optimal choices is not completely understood. In a paradigm of appetitive conditioning in which mice freely forage for food across a continuum of cues, we found that two major subpopulations of CeA neurons, Somatostatin-positive (CeASst) and protein kinase Cδ-positive (CeAPKCδ) neurons, can assign motivational properties to environmental cues. Although the proportion of food responsive cells was higher within CeASstthan CeAPKCδneurons, only the activities of CeAPKCδ, but not CeASst, neurons were required for learning of contextual food cues. Our findings point to a model in which CeAPKCδneurons may incorporate stimulus salience together with sensory features of the environment to encode memory of the goal location.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe CeA has a very important role in the formation of memories that associate sensory information with aversive or rewarding representation. Here, we used a conditioned place preference paradigm, where freely moving mice learn to associate external cues with food availability, to investigate the roles of CeA neuron subpopulations. We found that CeASstand CeAPKCδneurons encoded environmental cues during foraging but only the activities of CeAPKCδneurons were required for learning of contextual food cues.
Gender Identity 5 Years After Social Transition
Authors: Olson Kristina R. , Durwood Lily , Horton Rachel , Gallagher Natalie M. , Devor Aaron 
Published: May 2022

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Concerns about early childhood social transitions among transgender youth include that these youth may later change their gender identification (ie, retransition), a process that could be distressing. The current study aimed to provide the first estimate of retransitioning and to report the current gender identities of youth an average of 5 years after their initial social transitions.

METHODS
The current study examined the rate of retransition and current gender identities of 317 initially transgender youth (208 transgender girls, 109 transgender boys; M = 8.1 years at start of study) participating in a longitudinal study, the Trans Youth Project. Data were reported by youth and their parents through in-person or online visits or via e-mail or phone correspondence.

RESULTS
We found that an average of 5 years after their initial social transition, 7.3% of youth had retransitioned at least once. At the end of this period, most youth identified as binary transgender youth (94%), including 1.3% who retransitioned to another identity before returning to their binary transgender identity. A total of 2.5% of youth identified as cisgender and 3.5% as nonbinary. Later cisgender identities were more common among youth whose initial social transition occurred before age 6 years; their retransitions often occurred before age 10 years.

CONCLUSIONS
These results suggest that retransitions are infrequent. More commonly, transgender youth who socially transitioned at early ages continued to identify that way. Nonetheless, understanding retransitions is crucial for clinicians and families to help make retransitions as smooth as possible for youth.
Numerical analysis of composite slim-floor beams
Authors: Mefleh Wajdi , Kovács Nauzika 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
In this research work existing laboratory tests of slim floor beams with solid monolithic concrete slab were modeled and analyzed using GID and Atena software. After validating the advanced finite element model with the test results of the international literature, structural parameters were analyzed with the aim to study their influence on the load bearing and deformation capacity of the beams. The parameters were related to the geometric of the beam: size of web openings and top concrete cover. With these results conclusion can be noticed that focusing on the optimal arrangement of the geometrical parameters of the composite beam could lead to better structural behavior with more economical solutions.
Prevalencia de desórdenes musculoesquelético asociados al trabajo remoto en docentes de la Facultad de Salud de la Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander en tiempos de Covid-19
Authors: Carvajal Villamizar Henny Patricia , Jáuregui Ortega Mónica Liliana , Ayala Torres Mónica Michell 
Published: May 2022

Las Instituciones de educación, acatando las disposiciones dadas por el gobierno nacional, como medidas de prevención y control en la propagación de enfermedades infecciosas, específicamente COVID-19, se vieron obligadas a suspender las clases presencial optaron por implementar el trabajo remoto y adaptar sus puestos de trabajo desde sus casas para seguir en el proceso de orientación y formación de manera virtual.
Este trabajo desde casa tiene riesgos desde el punto de vista ergonómico, puede ser perjudicial para la salud física y mental de los trabajadores por el hecho de permanecer largos períodos de tiempo sentado trabajando, falta de actividad física, trabajo aislado, las altas exigencias, la poca autonomía en el trabajo y la vida privada, partiendo de esto el semillero SITRAD del programa SST de la UPS realizan un estudios para determinar la prevalencia de desórdenes músculo esqueléticos y la asociación con factores de riesgo ergonómico en los docentes de la facultad de salud de la UFPS que realizan trabajo remoto en tiempos de COVID-19, en el año 2020.
Se implementaran medidas de control para la prevención de los riesgos biomecánicos en los docentes de la facultad de salud de la Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander, realizando un análisis detallado de aspectos relacionados con hábitos posturales, condiciones del puesto de trabajo y jornada laboral, con el fin de mejorar las condiciones laborales de la población y de esta manera minimizar los índices de accidentalidad y enfermedad de origen laboral a causa de desórdenes músculo esqueléticos derivados de la labor realizada.
Estado de emergencia sanitaria y las implicaciones en la Gestión de Seguridad y Salud en el Trabajo en el Perú
Authors: Navarro Zamudio Mike Denisse 
Published: May 2022

Debido al impacto de la propagación del COVID-19, el gobierno peruano ha adoptado diversas medidas para frenar la desaceleración económica, conservar puestos de trabajo y preservar la salud de todos sus ciudadanos. La Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) elevó la alerta por el COVID-19 a un “nivel muy alto” en todo el mundo tras los casos de brote que se han detectado en los últimos días en países como Italia, España o Francia. A nivel mundial se han detectado más de un millón de casos en 48 países, con primeros contagios en Haití, El Salvador, Guatemala, Paraguay, Bolivia y Venezuela, en las últimas 48 horas. Debido a ello, el gobierno decidió elevar la alerta en vista del aumento continuo y acelerado del número de infectados en los últimos días.
Mediante el Decreto de Urgencia N° 025-2020 se dio respuesta a la alarma internacional de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) y, consecuentemente, en virtud del Decreto Supremo N.º 008-2020-SA, el Ministerio de Salud declaró la Emergencia Sanitaria a nivel nacional por el plazo de noventa (90) días calendario dictando medidas de prevención y control del COVID-19 puesto que se han detectado múltiples casos confirmados de esta enfermedad cuyo virus posee un nivel de propagación muy alto.
A través de la Resolución Ministerial Nº 039-2020/MINSA, el Ministerio de Salud aprobó el Documento Técnico: “Plan Nacional de Preparación y Respuesta frente al riesgo de introducción del COVID-19”, cuya finalidad es reducir el impacto sanitario, social y económico en el país ante el riesgo de introducción del COVID-19, y reforzar los sistemas de prevención, control, vigilancia y respuesta sanitaria frente al riesgo de introducción de dicho virus; adicionalmente, mediante Resolución Ministerial N° 084-2020/MINSA se aprobó el Documento Técnico “Atención y manejo clínico de casos de COVID-19, escenario de transmisión focalizada”.
Manejo seguro de sustancias químicas basados en la resolución 773 de 2021
Authors: Beltrán Mojica Beatriz Elena 
Published: May 2022

La exposición a riesgo químico se debe principalmente a la utilización de sustancias que por la manipulación, almacenamiento y transporte pueden generar efectos a la salud; en el Foro Intergubernamental sobre Seguridad Química (FISQ o IFCS, por sus siglas en inglés) el cual fue creado en 1994 en Estocolmo, establece que dicha institución es un sistema no institucional en el que se reúnen todos sus miembros con el objeto de integrar y consolidar las actividades nacionales e internacionales de fomento de la seguridad química, la prevención de los efectos adversos, a corto y largo plazo, que presentan, para los seres humanos y el medio ambiente, la fabricación, el almacenamiento, el transporte, el uso y la eliminación de productos químicos.
Por lo tanto, para poder trabajar en condiciones seguras, es fundamental que los trabajadores estén informados y formados de los riesgos de sus puestos de trabajo, así como de las condiciones que deben cumplir esas sustancias tales como la identificación, clasificación, envasando y etiquetando correspondiente a cada una de ellas.
Cine Club La Moviola Ciclo Digital: Monstruos, zombis y seres transparentes
Authors: Romero Baltodano Andrés 
Published: May 2022

La ponencia sobre el ciclo Monstruos, Zombis y Seres Transparentes del Cine Club la Moviola en el 2021, se centra en el recorrido que desde varios autores cinematográficos, nos plantea lo monstruoso como detonante moral, erótico o sobrenatural.
Los monstruos se asocian al “mal”, dado que los cánones estetizantes desde el “bien”, concuerdan con presentaciones simétricas, equilibradas, anglosajonas o europeizantes, aunque los “monstruos” también se originan de la mano de hidras, medusas, íncubos, gorgonas y así mismo, aparece lo zombi como entidad y concepto y los seres transparentes, que son reconocidos como fantasmas y que atraviesan toda la curaduría del ciclo.
POSIBILIDADES
Authors: Murcia Quiñones Harvey , Martinez Rodrigo , Baron Pulido Mireya 
Published: May 2022

Se ha diseñado el Encuentro de Experiencias en Investigación e Investigación Creación que se compila en la revista Posibilidades, de la Escuela de Comunicación, Artes Visuales y Digitales. Su fin, es compartir esos tejidos y procesos que subyacen en el acto mismo de la creación, bien sea para comprenderlos o para dinamizar y expandir su elaboración. Así mismo, desde la polifonía investigativa, reconocer la importancia del camino interdisciplinar como transdisciplinar, propios de las comunidades científicas.
Método para la detección de comportamientos depresivos en redes sociales.
Authors: Motta Leon David Raul 
Published: May 2022

En la actualidad los jóvenes están tan involucrados en estas redes que prácticamente le dedican mas del 30 por ciento de su tiempo al día actualizando sus estados, subiendo fotografías y generalmente viendo los perfiles de las personas relacionadas o no en su circulo social. Los jóvenes en edades tempranas pasan tanto tiempo en estas redes sociales que se les hace muy complicado expresar sus sentimientos como normalmente se esperaría que es con otra persona o especialmente con sus padres o docentes responsables por su bienestar social, dado este fenómeno es muy complicado identificar comportamientos de estos jóvenes por que no lo expresan por medio de palabras directas a sus padres, por otro lado se encontró que estos jóvenes trasmiten esos sentimientos y formas de pensar a través de las redes sociales esto quiere decir que si se puede identificar por medio de alguna tecnología los sentimientos o las conductas de estos jóvenes se pueden prevenir problemas de drogadicción temprana , depresión , matoneo , pertenencia a pandillas y conductas suicidas en estos jóvenes.
Fundamentos desde la filosofía moral de la responsabilidad social de las organizaciones
Authors: Londoño Jaramillo Ángela María , Castañeda Ruiz Hugo Nelson , Espinosa Galán Victor Eligio , Pinzon Perilla Giovanny Moisés 
Published: May 2022

Frente a la responsabilidad social de las organizaciones es escaso el análisis moral sobres su fundamentación, de allí que este artículo se basó en responder a la pregunta ¿cuáles son los argumentos morales que se identifican en las publicaciones y que dan soporte a la responsabilidad social de las organizaciones? Partió de una investigación documental de corte cualitativo donde se realizó una abstracción discursiva del fenómeno para identificar nuevas tendencias y explicaciones. El principal hallazgo es la preeminencia de las posturas deontológicas sobre las consecuencialistas; esto se debe, entre otras cosas, por las obligaciones y deberes tanto legales como autónomas que se apoyan en objetivos sociales de la empresa. La conclusión principal muestra la coherencia de este hallazgo con el proceder las empresas que establecen normas y protocolos como instrumento para el comportamiento de quienes integran la organización.