bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evidence, expertise, and patient/family preferences to maximize health for older adults with implications for evidence‐based practice
Authors: Zadvinskis Inga M. , Tucker Sharon , Hoying Jacqueline 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundAs Americans live longer and with chronic conditions, the healthcare system, researchers, faculty, practicing providers, patients, and families must adapt to changing societal needs and goals.AimsThe aim of this commentary was to offer recommendations that align with the six vital directions to improve the health care and quality of life for older Americans.MethodsThis article expands upon the six vital directions from an evidence‐based practice (EBP) perspective that values the three legs of the EBP stool: (1) research evidence, (2) clinician expertise, and (3) patient preferences, values, and circumstances.ResultsThe recommendations reflect the scientific literature, our expertise in EBP and research, our nursing roles and expertise, and our experiences in the care of our older parents. By sharing our experiences as nurse scientists and daughters, we offer insight to raise the healthcare bar for older adults through EBP and meaningful, person‐centered care.Linking Action to EvidenceVital directions for improving the health care and quality of life for older Americans include promoting interprofessional education to create an adequately prepared workforce; researching and implementing pathways to minimize the social determinants of health for older adults; disseminating findings that remediate older adult health disparities; innovating approaches for managing chronic health conditions at home; and studying and implementing approaches for allocating resources for end‐of‐life care that are satisfying for the patients, their family, and clinicians.
Deriving Data-Driven Models That Relate Deterministic Surface Topography Parameters of As-Built Inconel 718 Surfaces to Laser Powder Bed Fusion Process Parameters
Authors: Detwiler Sean , Raeymaekers Bart 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) parts often require post-processing prior to use in engineering applications to improve mechanical properties and modify the as-built surface topography. The ability to tune the L-PBF process parameters to obtain designer as-built surface topography could reduce the need for post-processing. However, the relationship between the as-built surface topography and the L-PBF process parameters is currently not well-understood. In this paper, we derive data-driven models from surface topography data and L-PBF process parameters using machine learning (ML) algorithms. The prediction accuracy of the data-driven models derived from ML algorithms exceeds that of the multivariate regression benchmark because the latter does not always capture the complex relationship between the as-built surface topography parameters and the corresponding L-PBF process parameters in a single best-fit equation. Data-driven models based on decision tree (interpretable) and artificial neural network (non-interpretable) algorithms display the highest prediction accuracy. We also show experimental evidence that thermocapillary convection and melt track overlap are important drivers of the formation of as-built surface topography.
Amplitude and Wavelength Effects for Wavy Channels
Authors: Corbett Thomas M. , Thole Karen A. , Bollapragada Sudhakar 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
To improve the efficiency and durability of gas turbine components, advancements are needed in cooling technologies. To accomplish this task, some manufacturers are turning to additive manufacturing (AM), as it offers the ability to both rapidly iterate on component design as well as incorporate unique internal cooling structures directly into parts. As one example, wavy microchannels can be readily integrated into turbine components. This study investigates wavy channels of varying channel amplitude and wavelength through experimental measurements of heat transfer and pressure loss. In addition to experimental testing, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) predictions were made to identify internal flow features that impacted performance. Five channel geometries were integrated into test coupons that were additively manufactured out of Hastelloy-X using direct metal laser sintering. True coupon geometric characteristics and wall roughness values were captured non-destructively using computed tomography (CT) scans. Geometric analyses indicated that coupons were reproduced accurately with minimal deviation from design intent. Experimental results indicated that decreasing the channel wavelength and increasing the channel amplitude resulted in substantial increases in both bulk friction factor and Nusselt number with respect to the nominal case and were scaled using a relative waviness parameter. CFD simulations predicted significant mixing of flow in the cases with the smallest wavelength and greatest amplitude.
Does decision-making at age 11 predict prodromal eating pathology at ages 14 and 17? A prospective, observational, UK population-based cohort study
Authors: Harrison Amy , Francesconi Marta , Flouri Eirini 
Published: September 2022

ObjectivesWe examined whether decision-making at age 11 and 14 is associated with prodromal eating pathology at age 14 and whether it would persist across adolescence and also be present at age 17.DesignThis prospective, observational, population-based cohort study used a longitudinal design.SettingData from the Millennium Cohort Study (MCS), a UK longitudinal cohort study involving 19 244 families from England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland, were analysed.ParticipantsWe modelled data from 8922 boys and girls aged 11, 14 and 17 (MCS sweeps 5, 6 and 7).Primary and secondary outcomesWe investigated decision-making using the risk-taking, quality of decision-making, deliberation time, delay aversion and risk adjustment subscales of the Cambridge Gambling Task and prodromal eating pathology through binary response items measuring: body dissatisfaction (whether the participant perceived their body as being too overweight); intention to lose weight (whether participants reported a strong desire to lose weight); dietary restriction (whether participants reported actively eating less to influence their shape/weight) and excessive exercise (whether participants reported exercising in a driven way in order to influence weight/shape). Data were analysed using latent class analysis and logistic regression.ResultsLower scores on quality of decision-making (OR=0.46) and deliberation time (OR=0.99) at age 14 were associated with prodromal eating pathology at both ages 14 and 17 (all p<0.05), indicating an association between less frequently opting to bet on the most likely outcome and taking less time to decide on which bet to choose and the persistence of prodromal eating pathology over adolescence. Lower deliberation time (OR=0.99) and delay aversion (OR=0.62) at 11 and lower risk-taking scores at 14 (OR=0.43) were associated with the absence of prodromal eating pathology at 14 and 17 (all p<0.05), indicating that a moderate approach under conditions of risk in childhood and mid-adolescence is associated with reduced eating pathology across adolescence.ConclusionsTraining advantageous decision-making might protect from later prodromal eating pathology.
Development and validation of the health belief model questionnaire to promote smoking cessation for nasopharyngeal cancer prevention: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Kueh Martin Tze Wah , Rahim Fairuz Fadzilah , Rashid Abdul 
Published: September 2022

ObjectiveLifestyle-induced nasopharyngeal carcinoma is a serious but preventable risk factor. This study serves to develop and validate a questionnaire that aims to predict the health behavioural intention on smoking cessation in Sarawak, Malaysia using the Health Belief Model (HBM).DesignA cross-sectional study.SettingUrban and suburban areas in Sarawak, Malaysia.ParticipantsThe preliminary items of the instrument were developed after extensive literature review. The instrument was translated into the Malay language using the forward-backwards method before commencing with the content validity by a panel of 10 experts. Face validity was done both quantitatively and qualitatively by 10 smokers. The construct validity of the instrument was evaluated through exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). A total of 100 smokers participated in phase 1 for EFA, while 171 smokers participated in phase 2 for CFA. Internal consistency was measured using Cronbach’s alpha coefficients to evaluate the reliability.ResultsIn the exploratory stage, the factor loading of each item remained within the acceptable threshold. The final revised CFA yielded appropriate fit of the seven-factor model with the following model fit indices: χ2=641.705; df=500; p<0.001; comparative fit index=0.953; Tucker-Lewis Index=0.948; root mean square error of approximation=0.041. Satisfactory convergent validity and divergent validity were shown, with the exception of one pairwise construct. The internal reliability of these scales was above the desirable threshold, with Cronbach’s alpha coefficients ranging from 0.705 to 0.864 and 0.838 to 0.889 in phases 1 and 2, respectively.ConclusionsThe study substantiated the instrument to be valid and reliable for predicting smokers’ health behavioural intention to reduce cancer risk. The instrument is made up of 34 items, categorised into two sections, six HBM constructs and health behavioural intention. The instrument can be utilised for other smoking cessation-related cancers in different at-risk populations.
Magnitude of birth trauma and its associated factors in South Wollo public hospitals, northeast Ethiopia, August 2021: Institutional-Based Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Biset Gebeyaw , Mihret Setegn , Mekonen Asnakew Molla , Workie Amare 
Published: September 2022

ObjectiveThe institutional-based cross-sectional study was designed to assess the magnitude of birth trauma and its associated factors in South Wollo, northeast Ethiopia.SettingThis study was conducted in the public hospitals of South Wollo, northeast Ethiopia. South Wollo is one of the 12 zones in the Amhara regional state with a total population of >3 million. There are 13 hospitals in South Wollo, of these 4 hospitals were selected randomly.ParticipantsA total of 612 mother-newborn pairs were selected to conduct the study. However, data were collected from 594 mother-neonate pairs giving a response rate of 97%. The study participants were selected by applying a simple random sampling technique after proportional allocation of the total sample to each study hospital. Live neonates delivered during the study period were included, whereas stillborn, neonates born with major congenital malformation and neonates whose mothers died during the birth process were excluded.ResultA total of 594 mother-newborn pairs were involved with a response rate of 97%. Seventy-eight newborns 13.13% (95% CI: 10.30 to 16.00) had experienced birth trauma. Prolonged labour (AOR: 5.78, 95% CI: 3.00 to 11.15), birth weight >4 kg (AOR: 9.18, 95% CI: 3.92 to 21.50), vacuum delivery (AOR: 6.74, 95% CI: 2.01 to 22.56), forceps delivery (AOR: 7.36, 95% CI: 1.96 to 27.58) and shoulder dystocia (AOR: 9.83, 95% CI: 4.13 to 23.50) were risk factors of birth trauma.ConclusionThe prevalence of birth trauma was higher than the report from most of the African countries. Prolonged labour, instrumental deliveries, large birth weight and shoulder dystocia were the identified risk factors of birth trauma. The ministry of health and the local healthcare system should give attention to the maternal health services.
Venting percutaneous radiologic gastrostomy in malignant bowel obstruction: safety and effectiveness in a comprehensive cancer centre
Authors: Peiró Inmaculada , Milla Jennifer , Arribas Lorena , Hurtós Laura , González-Tampán Ana Regina , Bellver Marta , Fort Eduard , Molina-Mata Kevin , Joudanin Jonathan R , Valcarcel Joana , González-Barboteo Jesús 
Published: September 2022

ObjectiveApproximately 20% of established malignant bowel obstruction (MBO) patients do not respond to pharmacological treatment. In these cases, venting percutaneous radiologic gastrostomy (VPRG) may be useful. Existing evidence is based on retrospective studies with methodological limitations. The purpose of this study is to describe safety and effectiveness for symptom control after VPRG placement in a prospective cohort of MBO patients.MethodsComplications of VPRG placement, symptom control, destination on discharge and survival were analysed.ResultsTwenty-one patients were included, 13 (61.9%) of whom were women. Mean age was 62.7 years (36–85). Local pain (n=8, 38.1%) and peristomal leakage (n=4, 19%) were the most frequent minor complications. No major complications occurred. Nausea and vomiting were relieved in most patients (n=20, 95.2%) after VPRG, and small quantities of liquid diet were introduced to these patients. Median time to death after VPRG was 13 days (IQR 8.6–17.4). Thirteen patients (61.9%) were discharged, with seven of them (33.3%) returning home.ConclusionsWhen pharmacological treatment fails, the use of VPRG in MBO patients may be feasible, safe and effective.
WNT5A–RHOA Signaling Is a Driver of Tumorigenesis and Represents a Therapeutically Actionable Vulnerability in Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Kim Kee-Beom , Kim Dong-Wook , Kim Youngchul , Tang Jun , Kirk Nicole , Gan Yongyu , Kim Bongjun , Fang Bingliang , Park Jae-ll , Zheng Yi , Park Kwon-Sik 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

WNT signaling represents an attractive target for cancer therapy due to its widespread oncogenic role. However, the molecular players involved in WNT signaling and the impact of their perturbation remain unknown for numerous recalcitrant cancers. Here, we characterize WNT pathway activity in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and determine the functional role of WNT signaling using genetically engineered mouse models. β-Catenin, a master mediator of canonical WNT signaling, was dispensable for SCLC development, and its transcriptional program was largely silenced during tumor development. Conversely, WNT5A, a ligand for β-catenin–independent noncanonical WNT pathways, promoted neoplastic transformation and SCLC cell proliferation, whereas WNT5A deficiency inhibited SCLC development. Loss of p130 in SCLC cells induced expression of WNT5A, which selectively increased Rhoa transcription and activated RHOA protein to drive SCLC. Rhoa knockout suppressed SCLC development in vivo, and chemical perturbation of RHOA selectively inhibited SCLC cell proliferation. These findings suggest a novel requirement for the WNT5A–RHOA axis in SCLC, providing critical insights for the development of novel therapeutic strategies for this recalcitrant cancer. This study also sheds light on the heterogeneity of WNT signaling in cancer and the molecular determinants of its cell-type specificity.

Significance:
The p130–WNT5A–RHOA pathway drives SCLC progression and is a potential target for the development of therapeutic interventions and biomarkers to improve patient treatment.
Manifestações oculares de doenças sistêmicas II: retinopatia diabética e retinopatia hipertensiva
Authors: Bastos Thaís Marino de Azeredo , Oliveira Ítalo Pena de , Jorge Rodrigo 
Published: September 2022

Diante do aumento da expectativa de vida e das mudanças de hábitos e estilo de vida modernos, patologias vasculares da retina, como retinopatia hipertensiva e diabética, destacam-se como importantes causas de comprometimento visual.
A hipertensão arterial pode causar diretamente lesões na retina, coroide e nervo óptico, além de predispor à ocorrência de outras patologias vasculares, tais como oclusões venosas da retina, e ao agravamento de patologias como a retinopatia diabética. O diabetes mellitus pode levar a múltiplas complicações oftalmológicas, sendo a retinopatia a mais prevalente e figurando como a principal causa de cegueira na população economicamente ativa.
Nesse cenário, tanto o médico generalista quanto especialistas diversos devem estar atentos ao risco de comprometimento oftalmológico e realizar manejo adequado da patologia de base, reconhecimento precoce de alterações oculares e encaminhamento oportuno para serviços especializados, de modo a evitar um comprometimento visual, econômico e social frequentemente associado a estas patologias.
Assessment of Cardiac, Vascular, and Pulmonary Pathobiology In Vivo During Acute COVID‐19
Authors: Alam Shirjel R. , Vinayak Sudhir , Shah Adeel , Doolub Gemina , Kimeu Redemptar , Horn Kevin P. , Bowen Stephen R. , Jeilan Mohamed , Lee Kuan Ken , Gachoka Sylvia , Riunga Felix , Adam Rodney D. , Vesselle Hubert , Joshi Nikhil , Obino Mariah , Makhdomi Khalid , Ombati Kevin , Nganga Edward , Gitau Samuel , Chung Michael H. , Shah Anoop S. V. 
Published: September 2022

Background
Acute COVID‐19–related myocardial, pulmonary, and vascular pathology and how these relate to each other remain unclear. To our knowledge, no studies have used complementary imaging techniques, including molecular imaging, to elucidate this. We used multimodality imaging and biochemical sampling in vivo to identify the pathobiology of acute COVID‐19. Specifically, we investigated the presence of myocardial inflammation and its association with coronary artery disease, systemic vasculitis, and pneumonitis.

Methods and Results

Consecutive patients presenting with acute COVID‐19 were prospectively recruited during hospital admission in this cross‐sectional study. Imaging involved computed tomography coronary angiography (identified coronary disease), cardiac 2‐deoxy‐2‐[fluorine‐18]fluoro‐D‐glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (identified vascular, cardiac, and pulmonary inflammatory cell infiltration), and cardiac magnetic resonance (identified myocardial disease) alongside biomarker sampling. Of 33 patients (median age 51 years, 94% men), 24 (73%) had respiratory symptoms, with the remainder having nonspecific viral symptoms. A total of 9 patients (35%, n=9/25) had cardiac magnetic resonance–defined myocarditis. Of these patients, 53% (n=5/8) had myocardial inflammatory cell infiltration. A total of 2 patients (5%) had elevated troponin levels. Cardiac troponin concentrations were not significantly higher in patients with and without myocarditis (8.4 ng/L [interquartile range, IQR: 4.0–55.3] versus 3.5 ng/L [IQR: 2.5–5.5];
P
=0.07) or myocardial cell infiltration (4.4 ng/L [IQR: 3.4–8.3] versus 3.5 ng/L [IQR: 2.8–7.2];
P
=0.89). No patients had obstructive coronary artery disease or vasculitis. Pulmonary inflammation and consolidation (percentage of total lung volume) was 17% (IQR: 5%–31%) and 11% (IQR: 7%–18%), respectively. Neither were associated with the presence of myocarditis.

Conclusions
Myocarditis was present in a third patients with acute COVID‐19, and the majority had inflammatory cell infiltration. Pneumonitis was ubiquitous, but this inflammation was not associated with myocarditis. The mechanism of cardiac pathology is nonischemic and not attributable to a vasculitic process.

Registration

URL:
https://www.isrctn.com
; Unique identifier: ISRCTN12154994.
A Hebrew Letter on Papyrus and Its Contexts: Oxford MS Heb.d.69(P)
Authors: Gvaryahu Amit 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This article is a new reading of a Hebrew letter, Oxford MS Heb.d.69(P), written on papyrus and dated tentatively by scholars to the 6th century. The article begins with a new edition of the letter, first published in 1903, its first translation into English, a discussion of its language and epistolary conventions, including layout, script, and formulary. In the letter, written by the scribe Isi, the lender Lazar describes to Jacob the borrower the history of their contract, and the former’s attempts to collect, and demands payment. I discuss the currency mentioned in this description, the terms of the loan, and the rate of interest it reflects. The article ends with a discussion of the broader usefulness of this letter for the economic and social history of Jewish provincials in Byzantine Egypt.
Codex Hammurabi 49–52 and the esip-tabal Contracts from Susa
Authors: Badamchi Hossein , Pfeifer Guido 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The so-called esip-tabal contract is a particular type of agricultural transaction known from Codex Hammurabi and the Akkadian legal texts found in Susa. The Akkadian phrase esip-tabal is a statement made by the owner of the field to the other party, which is commonly understood to be a tenant. Modern scholarship first interpreted this contract as a lease. Later it was considered an antichretic loan, a loan in which the creditor takes over the debtor’s agricultural land as security. However, the place of this contract in the long-term history of law is still unknown and scholars have not made any analogies from other legal cultures. Using the methodology of comparative legal history, and drawing especially on Islamic law, this essay offers a new interpretation of the esip-tabal contract as a sale of future crops. The essay then discusses the rationale behind the contract and its possible continuity into later periods.
Divorce from Missing Husbands: Rizaeddin Fakhreddin and Reform Within Islamic Tradition in Imperial Russia
Authors: Garipova Rozaliya 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In the late nineteenth and early twentieth century,1 Muslim communities in different parts of the world faced a common problem—women’s inability to obtain divorce after their husbands went missing. These women, deprived of provision (nafaqa), could neither sustain themselves financially nor remarry. In response to this situation, Muslim scholars, in their respective communities (Egypt, Ottoman Syria, British India and the Russian empire), produced legal decisions (fatwas) to facilitate women’s divorce. This paper focuses on the responses of Russia’s Islamic scholars to this problem which were collected and published by a prominent religious scholar of the Volga-Urals, Rizaeddin Fakhreddin. Among Volga-Ural Muslims, this problem was entangled with the question of religious authority under Russian imperial rule. I argue that since Russia’s legal pluralism and institutionalization of the ‘ulama under the Orenburg Muslim Spiritual Assembly were the main reasons behind the inability to solve the problem of women’s divorce from missing husbands, Fakhreddin initiated this collective deliberation as a preliminary attempt to resolve a legal issue through the consensus (ijmā‘) of legal experts within the framework of the OA. Finding a solution to the problem faced by the wives of missing husbands was inseparable from the question of the transformation of Islamic religious authority under imperial rule.
Why do males stay in biparental burying beetles?
Authors: Trumbo Stephen T. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Biparental associations are rare in most taxa. A second parent should stay with its current brood only to enhance brood fitness or to increase its own future breeding opportunities. I compared the breeding performance of Nicrophorus defodiens pairs and single females while confronting a conspecific male intruder. Pairs fared better than single females in defending a brood, and age had a strong effect on contest outcomes even though defenders and intruders were of the same age. Pairs also produced larger broods than single females, but only on larger carcasses. The results and a review of prior studies suggest that the benefits for a male that stays with a partner during the post-hatch period, whether gains from offspring success or protecting mating opportunities, are observed primarily in the context of intruder pressure, and that paternal care such as regurgitations to young and nest maintenance would not have evolved in a rival-free world.