bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In vitro assessment of skin sensitization, irritability and toxicity of bacteriocins and reuterin for possible topical applications
Authors: Soltani Samira , Boutin Yvan , Couture Frédéric , Biron Eric , Subirade Muriel , Fliss Ismail 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBacteriocins and reuterin are promising antimicrobials for application in food, veterinary, and medical sectors. In the light of their high potential for application in hand sanitizer, we investigated the skin toxicity of reuterin, microcin J25, pediocin PA-1, bactofencin A, and nisin Z in vitro using neutral red and LDH release assays on NHEK cells. We determined their skin sensitization potential using the human cell line activation test (h-CLAT). Their skin irritation potential was measured on human epidermal model EpiDerm™. We showed that the viability and membrane integrity of NHEK cells remained unaltered after exposure to bacteriocins and reuterin at concentrations up to 400 µg/mL and 80 mg/mL, respectively. Furthermore, microcin J25 and reuterin showed no skin sensitization at concentrations up to 100 µg/mL and 40 mg/mL, respectively, while pediocin PA-1, bactofencin A, and nisin Z caused sensitization at concentrations higher than 100 µg/mL. Tissue viability was unaffected in presence of bacteriocins and reuterin at concentrations up to 200 µg/mL and 40 mg/mL, respectively, which was confirmed by measuring cytokine IL-1α and IL-8 levels and by histological analysis. In conclusion, the current study provides scientific evidence that some bacteriocins and reuterin, could be safely applied topically as sanitizers at recommended concentrations.
Novel In Silico mRNA vaccine design exploiting proteins of M. tuberculosis that modulates host immune responses by inducing epigenetic modifications
Authors: Al Tbeishat H. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractTuberculosisis an airborne infectious disease caused byMycobacterium tuberculosis. BCG is the only approved vaccine. However, it has limited global efficacy. Pathogens could affect the transcription of host genes, especially the ones related to the immune system, by inducing epigenetic modifications. Many proteins ofM. tuberculosiswere found to affect the host’s epigenome. Nine proteins were exploited in this study to predict epitopes to develop an mRNA vaccine against tuberculosis. Many immunoinformatics tools were employed to construct this vaccine to elicit cellular and humoral immunity. We performed molecular docking between selected epitopes and their corresponding MHC alleles. Thirty epitopes, an adjuvant TLR4 agonist RpfE, constructs for subcellular trafficking, secretion booster, and specific linkers were combined to develop the vaccine. This proposed construct was tested to cover 99.38% of the population. Moreover, it was tested to be effective and safe. An in silico immune simulation of the vaccine was also performed to validate our hypothesis. It also underwent codon optimization to ensure mRNA’s efficient translation once it reaches the cytosol of a human host. Furthermore, secondary and tertiary structures of the vaccine peptide were predicted and docked against TLR-4 and TLR-3.Molecular dynamics simulation was performed to validate the stability of the binding complex. It was found that this proposed construction can be a promising vaccine against tuberculosis. Hence, our proposed construct is ready for wet-lab experiments to approve its efficacy.
Constitutive modeling of an electro-magneto-rheological fluid
Authors: Kumar Deepak , Sarangi Somnath 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe present article deals with a continuum mechanics-based method to model an electro-magneto-rheological (EMR) fluid deformation subjected to an electromagnetic field. The proposed method follows the fundamental laws of physics, including the principles of thermodynamics. We start with the general balance laws for mass, linear momentum, angular momentum, energy, and the second law of thermodynamics in the form of Clausius–Duhem inequality with Maxwell’s equations. Then, we formulated a generalized constitutive model for EMR fluids following the representation theorem. Later, we validate the model with the results of an EMR rheometer and ER fluid valve system-based configurations. At last, the possible simulation-based velocity profiles are also discussed for parallel plate configuration. As a result, we succeed in providing more physics-based analytical findings than the existing studies in the literature.
Propofol prevents further prolongation of QT interval during liver transplantation
Authors: Kim Seung Hyun , Lee Jae Geun , Ju Hyang Mi , Choi SuYoun , Yang Hyukjin , Koo Bon-Nyeo 
Published: March 2022

AbstractHere, we aimed to compare the effects of two anesthetic methods (desflurane inhalation anesthesia vs. propofol-based total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA)] on corrected QT interval (QTc) values during living donor liver transplantation. Altogether, 120 patients who underwent living donor liver transplantation were randomized to either the desflurane or TIVA group. The primary outcome was intraoperative QTc change. Other electrocardiogram, hemodynamic findings and postoperative outcomes were examined as secondary outcomes. QTc values were prolonged intraoperatively in both groups; however, the change was smaller in the TIVA group than in the desflurane group (PGroup × Time < 0.001). More patients had QTc values of > 500 ms in the desflurane group than in the TIVA group (63.3% vs. 28.3%, P < 0.001). In patients with preoperative QTc prolongation, QTc was further prolonged in the desflurane group, but not in the TIVA group (PGroup × Time < 0.001). Intraoperative norepinephrine and vasopressin use were higher in the desflurane group than in the TIVA group. Propofol-based TIVA may reduce QTc prolongation during living donor liver transplantation compared to that observed with desflurane inhalational anesthesia, particularly in patients with preoperative QTc prolongation. Additionally, patients managed with propofol-based TIVA required less vasopressor during the procedure as compared with those managed with desflurane inhalational anesthesia.
Systematic and meta-analysis of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis related type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Ekundayo Temitope C. , Falade Ayodeji O. , Igere Bright E. , Iwu Chidozie D. , Adewoyin Mary A. , Olasehinde Tosin A. , Ijabadeniyi Oluwatosin A. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractGlobal increase in diabetes (DM) prevalence necessitated the need to establish the association between DM and environmental triggers including MAP (Mycobacterium aviumsubsp.paratuberculosis) that have been postulated to play a role in DM etiopathology for effective management. The present investigation aimed to assess the odds ratio (OR) presenting the association between MAP and DM. MAP-related DM studies were systematically retrieved from 6 databases until 31 September 2021 according to PRISMA principles for data abstraction. The abstracted dataset was fitted to the fixed-effects (FE) and random-effects (RE) models using the Mantel–Haenszel approach. Sixteen studies involving 2072 participants (1152 DM patients (957 type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) & 195 type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)) and 920 healthy controls) met the inclusion criteria. Results revealed a significant association between anti-MAP antibodies (abs) seroprevalence and T1DM (FE: OR 7.47, 95% CI 5.50–10.14,pvalue < 0.0001; RE: OR 7.92, 95% CI 4.39–14.31,p < 0.0001) and MAP DNA with T1DM (FE: OR 4.70 (95% CI 3.10–7.13,pvalue < 0.0001), RE: OR 3.90 (95% CI 0.93–16.38,pvalue = 0.06)). Both anti-MAP abs and MAP DNA based meta-analyses had medium heterogeneity (I2 = 47.2–61.0%). Meanwhile, no significant association between MAP and T2DM (FE: OR 1.13, 95% CI 0.54–2.37,pvalue = 0.74; RE: OR 1.19; 95% CI 0.34–4.12,pvalue = 0.69), its OR magnitude exceeded 1 and prediction interval (0.09–15.29) suggest possibility of association between the duo in the future. The leave-one-out sensitivity analysis depicts a robust meta-analysis in all cases. In conclusion, the study manifests a positive association between MAP and T1DM, highlighting that MAP prevention and environmental control would indubitably revolutionize T1DM management. Also, its projects possible link between MAP and T2DM as more data becomes available. However, it remains elusive whether MAP triggers T1/T2DM or a mere comorbidity in T1/T2DM. Epidemiological activities to fill the global/regional data gaps on MAP-related T1DM and T2DM are advocated in order to assess the burden of MAP-related DM and improve their clinical management.
Gel permeation chromatography process for highly oriented Cs3Cu2I5 nanocrystal film
Authors: Cheng Yu-Hong , Suzuki Rikuo , Shinotsuka Narumi , Ebe Hinako , Oshita Naoaki , Yamakado Ryohei , Chiba Takayuki , Masuhara Akito , Kido Junji 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThe emergence of green materials has attracted considerable attention in the field of optoelectronics. Copper-based lead-free metal halide (with a near-unity quantum yield) obtained from Cs3Cu2I5 nanocrystals (NCs) can exhibit blue emission with a wavelength of 440 nm and provide outstanding stability for various applications. However, in practical applications, colloidal dispersion purity and film quality are inadequate toward a high-performance device. In this study, antisolvent-free gel permeation chromatography is used to purify Cs3Cu2I5 NCs. The purified Cs3Cu2I5 NCs exhibit a high photoluminescent quantum yield and provide a highly oriented single-crystal film. Density functional theory calculation results indicate that the iodide-rich surface in the NCs makes them highly stable. In addition, it has been demonstrated for the first time that the mixture of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) and Cs3Cu2I5 NCs has waterproofing capabilities. The composite film consisting of Cs3Cu2I5 NCs and PMMA can survive in water for several days. This result opens up more possibilities for the application of these green material.
Fuzzy sampled‐data exponential synchronization of T‐S fuzzy complex networks with discontinuous activations and mixed time‐varying delays
Authors: Wu Xiru , Ai Qingming , Zhang Yuchong , Wang Yaonan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis paper investigates the exponential synchronization for T‐S fuzzy complex networks (TSFCNs) with discontinuous activations and mixed time‐varying delays. Based on the IF‐THEN rules, the T‐S fuzzy model of complex networks has been obtained to approximate non‐linear dynamic systems via interpolating certain local linear system. A fuzzy sampled‐data control strategy is designed to achieve exponential stability for the TSFCN by constructing the bilateral time‐dependent Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional. Furthermore, according to the Filippov discontinuity theory, the exponential synchronization criteria of TSFCN with discontinuous activations and mixed time‐varying delays under the linear matrix inequality constraints are obtained. Finally, two numerical simulations are provided to illustrate the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed method.
A role‐entity based human activity recognition using inter‐body features and temporal sequence memory
Authors: Shrivastava Rahul , Tiwari Vivek , Jain Swati , Tiwari Basant , Kushwaha Alok Kumar Singh , Singh Vibhav Prakash 
Published: March 2022

AbstractRecognizing entities and their corresponding roles are important in human activity recognition. In light of recent advancements, the primary emphasis is recognizing the abstract activities involving person‐person interaction. The contribution of this work is proposing an architecture, which utilizes the knowledge of the human body parts coordinates in role detection of each individual. The network preprocesses the coordinates to build intra‐body and inter‐body features. The extracted features build the relationship between the interacting bodies and learn the temporal relation corresponding to each role using the human memory‐inspired hierarchical temporal memory. The model is tested on vague samples of mutual actions in the experimental work. The model is found robust in action and role recognition tasks and performed well per expectations.
A lane changing time point and path tracking framework for autonomous ground vehicle
Authors: Fan Jiayu , Liang Jun , Tula Anjan K. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPerforming stable and safe lane changes can avoid collisions and improve traffic safety. In recent years, most of the research in automated ground transportation was focused on path planning and path tracking. However, this work emphasizes the importance of lane changing time point. Based on traditional safety distance, a novel concept, that is the synthesized safety distance for lane changing (SSDLC), is proposed to study lane changing time point. It consists of the reference safety distance and lane changing safety distance, and the weight coefficient between them is obtained by fuzzy logic control algorithm. Additionally, the joint model predictive control (JMPC) is proposed to follow the reference trajectory. This newly established algorithm not only considers the physical saturation of actuators but the yaw stability characteristics. To overcome the calculation difficulty to obtain the optimal results in the prescribed time, the algorithm adds a relaxation factor in the objective function. Finally, the lane changing time point and path tracking framework is modeled and simulated on a CarSim‐Simulink platform. Four scenarios are carried out to illustrate the feasibility of the proposed framework.
Flexible relative humidity sensor based on reduced graphene oxide and interdigital electrode for smart home
Authors: Jiang Weile , Zhang Fuzheng , Lin Qijing 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWith the rapid development and application of smart homes, sensors known as ‘neurons’ have become more and more important in this field. In response to the demand for relative humidity parameter in home monitoring, a flexible relative humidity sensor based on reduced graphene oxide (RGO) and interdigital electrode for smart homes was designed and prepared in this paper. The base of the interdigital electrode structure was polyimide, and the RGO film was prepared by a spraying process. A test system for the relative humidity sensor with different saturated salt solutions was also built. The test results show that the sensor resistance and relative humidity have a linear relationship in the range of 24.6% RH–82.9% RH, and the linearity is as high as 0.987. The sensitivity of the sensor is 0.51 kΩ/% RH. The relative humidity sensor with the characteristics of flexibility and high sensitivity will have broad application prospects and value in the field of smart homes.
A Reductive Deuteration Approach to the Efficient Synthesis of Deuterated Polymers
Authors: Dong Yanhong , An Jie , Ning Lei , Wang Lijun , Peng Mengqi , Qin Zixuan , Li Hengzhao , Liu Shangzhong 
Published: March 2022

AbstractDeuterated polymers have wide applications but limited synthetic methods. In this study, we report an efficient two-step approach for the synthesis of deuterated polyesters and polyurethanes. Firstly, two practical single-electron transfer (SET) reductive-deuteration methods have been developed for site-selective introduction of C(sp3)–D into diol monomers. Nine deuterated diol monomers with high deuterium incorporations were synthesized under SmI2–D2O and/or Na-EtOD-d
1 SET reductive-deuteration conditions. Then, six typical deuterated polyesters and polyurethanes were synthesized using those deuterated monomers under typical polymerization conditions. In all the synthesized polymers, high deuterium incorporation was fully maintained, which showcased the potential application of this approach for the synthesis of polymers with site-specific deuterium labelling.
Identifying Pneumonia Subtypes from Electronic Health Records Using Rule-Based Algorithms
Authors: Hegde Harshad , Glurich Ingrid , Panny Aloksagar , Vedre Jayanth G. , VanWormer Jeffrey J. , Berg Richard , Scannapieco Frank A. , Miecznikowski Jeffrey , Acharya Amit 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background The International Classification of Disease (ICD) coding for pneumonia classification is based on causal organism or use of general pneumonia codes, creating challenges for epidemiological evaluations where pneumonia is standardly subtyped by settings, exposures, and time of emergence. Pneumonia subtype classification requires data available in electronic health records (EHRs), frequently in nonstructured formats including radiological interpretation or clinical notes that complicate electronic classification.
Objective The current study undertook development of a rule-based pneumonia subtyping algorithm for stratifying pneumonia by the setting in which it emerged using information documented in the EHR.
Methods Pneumonia subtype classification was developed by interrogating patient information within the EHR of a large private Health System. ICD coding was mined in the EHR applying requirements for “rule of two” pneumonia-related codes or one ICD code and radiologically confirmed pneumonia validated by natural language processing and/or documented antibiotic prescriptions. A rule-based algorithm flow chart was created to support subclassification based on features including symptomatic patient point of entry into the health care system timing of pneumonia emergence and identification of clinical, laboratory, or medication orders that informed definition of the pneumonia subclassification algorithm.
Results Data from 65,904 study-eligible patients with 91,998 episodes of pneumonia diagnoses documented by 380,509 encounters were analyzed, while 8,611 episodes were excluded following Natural Language Processing classification of pneumonia status as “negative” or “unknown.” Subtyping of 83,387 episodes identified: community-acquired (54.5%), hospital-acquired (20%), aspiration-related (10.7%), health care–acquired (5%), and ventilator-associated (0.4%) cases, and 9.4% cases were not classifiable by the algorithm.
Conclusion Study outcome indicated capacity to achieve electronic pneumonia subtype classification based on interrogation of big data available in the EHR. Examination of portability of the algorithm to achieve rule-based pneumonia classification in other health systems remains to be explored.
Dehydration Time Effect on Tooth Color Measurement: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Ahmed Yasmine T. , Almutairi Fahad A. , Alomran Shaima A. , Alkhayatt Nourah M. , Alsulaiman Shahad A. , Alohali Salma Y. , Alhamdi Albatool A. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectives Esthetics have become a primary influencing factor for patient satisfaction, thus dental restorations shade selection is critical, as it should closely resemble a healthy tooth. During various dental procedures, teeth are subjected to dehydration. The commonly used shade guides are being replaced with electronic color measurement devices for more precise measurements. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of dehydration time on tooth color measurement using a spectrophotometer.Materials and Methods Study sample is represented by 20 extracted caries-free maxillary central incisors, which were obtained from several private clinics in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, and soaked in normal saline for 24 hours. The VITA Easyshade Advance 4.0 spectrophotometer was used to measure the color at different areas of the tooth (cervical, middle, and incisal thirds) at three time intervals (baseline, after 1 hour of dehydration, and after 2 hours of dehydration).Statistical Analysis All color coordinates across the different areas of each tooth at the incisal, middle, and cervical thirds descriptive statistics of mean (standard deviation) values were calculated and were compared at the different time intervals at baseline, after 1 hour of dehydration, and after 2 hours of dehydration. Finally, the color change value ∆E was calculated using the formula ∆E*ab = √ (L2∗ − L1∗)2 + (a2∗ − a1∗)2 + (b2∗ − b1∗)2.Results The color difference ∆E showed statistically significant changes at different time intervals: at baseline, after 1 hour of dehydration, and after 2 hours of dehydration (p < 0.001). Hue had statistically significant changes between 1 hour and 2 hours of dehydration (p = 0.002). Chroma value also showed statistically significant changes (p < 0.001) in all time intervals.Conclusion By using VITA Easyshade Advance 4.0 spectrophotometer, it was indicated that the tooth color measurements were significantly affected by dehydration time, and tooth shade appeared lighter due to changes in the refractive indices as air replaces the interprism spaces within the enamel. Tooth color measurements for shade selection should be taken as soon as possible to limit dehydration effect and ensure a more accurate shade selection for an enhanced esthetic result.
The Characteristics of Demineralized Dentin Material Sponge as Guided Bone Regeneration Based on the FTIR and SEM-EDX Tests
Authors: Mulyawan Indra , Danudiningrat Coen Pramono , Soesilawati Pratiwi , Aulanni'am Aulanni'am , Yuliati Anita , Suroto Heri , Bramantoro Taufan , Rizqiawan Andra , Moon Seong-Yong 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Objective The objective of this study was to determine the characteristics of demineralized dentin material sponge (DDMS).
Material and Methods An observational study was conducted on DDMS and BPCM. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) test was performed to determine the characterizations of the materials. Scanning electron microscope-electron dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) test was performed to observe the elements contained in the materials.
Results The infrared spectrum of the DDMS and BPCM functional groups showed the same pattern in each variation, and no significant differences were found. According to SEM analysis, the cavities that make up the membrane were spotted on the surface. Besides, according to the SEM-EDX analysis, DDMS contained chlorine, carbon, and calcium, while BPCM contained carbon, oxygen, and sulfur.
Conclusion DDMS has the potential to be a biomaterial for bone tissue engineering in terms of the characteristics. DDMS had a structure that almost resembles BPCM as seen from the results of the FTIR graph between DDMS and BPCM. The morphological structure of the two materials in the SEM test appeared to have porosity with various sizes.