bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Weak direct current exerts synergistic effect with antibiotics and reduces the antibiotic resistance: An in vitro subgingival plaque biofilm model
Authors: Zou Peihui , Wang Yanfeng , Cao Pei , Li Peng , Liu Jia , Luan Qingxian 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveWeak direct current (DC) exerts killing effect and synergistic killing effect with antibiotics in some specific bacteria biofilms. However, the potential of weak DC alone or combined with periodontal antibiotics in controlling periodontal pathogens and plaque biofilms remains unclear. The objective of this study was to investigate whether weak DC could exert the anti‐biofilm effect or enhance the killing effect of metronidazole (MTZ) and/or amoxicillin–clavulanate potassium (AMC) on subgingival plaque biofilms, by constructing an in vitro subgingival plaque biofilm model.MethodsThe pooled subgingival plaque and saliva of patients with periodontitis (n = 10) were collected and cultured anaerobically on hydroxyapatite disks in vitro for 48 h to construct the subgingival plaque biofilm model. Then such models were stimulated with 0 μA DC alone (20 min/12 h), 1000 μA DC alone (20 min/12 h), 16 μg/ml MTZ, 16 μg/ml AMC or their combination, respectively. Through viable bacteria counting, metabolic activity assay, quantitative real‐time PCR absolute quantification and 16S rDNA sequencing analysis, the anti‐biofilm effect of 1000 μA DC and enhanced killing effects of 1000 μA DC combined with antibiotics (MTZ, AMC or MTZ+AMC) were explored.ResultsThe old subgingival plaque model (48 h) had no significant difference in total bacterial loads from subgingival plaque in situ, which achieved a similarity of 80%. The 1000 μA DC plus MTZ or AMC for 12 h showed a stronger synergistic killing effect than the same combination for 20 min. The metabolic activity was reduced to the lowest by DC plus MTZ+AMC, as 37.4% of that in the control group, while average synergistic killing effect reached 1.06 log units and average total bacterial loads decreased to 0.87 log units. Furthermore, the relative abundance of the genera Porphyromonas, Prevotella, Treponema_2, and Tannerella were decreased significantly.ConclusionThe presence of weak DC (1000 μA) improved the killing effect of antibiotics on subgingival plaque biofilms, which might provide a novel strategy to reduce their antibiotic resistance.
Nursing staff compliance and adherence to standard precautions during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Berdida Daniel Joseph E. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis study investigated the compliance and adherence of nursing staff (nurses, nursing assistants, and midwives) to standard precautions (SPs). A cross‐sectional design while adhering to STROBE guidelines was used for this study. Nursing staff from a government tertiary hospital (n = 515) were recruited and completed the Compliance with Standard Precautions Scale (CSPS) and Factors Influencing Adherence to Standard Precautions Scale (FIASPS). Analysis of variance, Pearson's correlation, and linear regression analysis were used to analyze the data. The overall average compliance with the SPs of the nursing staff was suboptimal, and the disposal of sharps domain had the lowest compliance. Nurses were more compliant with sharps disposal, and nursing assistants with waste disposal. Contextual cues were the most influential factor influencing participants' adherence to SPs. All CSPS domains were significantly correlated with the Contextual cues factor of the FIASPS. Finally, service years and educational attainment were significant predictors of SPs adherence. The findings underscore the organization's critical responsibility for actively enforcing policies using monitoring systems and contextual cues in the workplace to ensure staff compliance and adherence with SPs.
Benefit of extending the protocol for high resolution manometry according to the version 4.0 of the Chicago criteria. A multicenter study
Authors: Alcalá‐González Luis G. , Ezquerra‐Duran Alberto , Aguilar Ariadna , Barber Claudia , Barba Elizabeth , Araujo Isis K. , Marin Ingrid , Naves Juan , Serra Jordi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe last version of the Chicago Criteria for high resolution esophageal manometry proposes an expanded protocol including complementary maneuvers to improve the diagnostic yield of the exploration. Our aim was to determine the diagnostic gain of the CCv4.0 protocol compared to the CCv3.0 protocol.MethodsAll manometry recordings performed in 4 reference centers during the first 10 months after the implementation of the new protocol were retrospectively reviewed. The time spent to complete the protocol was measured, and the changes in diagnosis resulting from the new CCv4.0 were compared to CCv3.0.Key ResultsFrom a total of 756 HRM performed, 606 studies could be properly analyzed. The duration of the studies was 18.3 ± 4.3 min. From these, 11.3 ± 3.4 min were spent to complete the CCv3.0 protocol, and 7.4 ± 3.6 min were spent for the remaining maneuvers. A discordant diagnosis between CCv3.0 and CCv4.0 was obtained in 12% of patients: 32% of patients with ineffective esophageal motility turned to normal motility; 24% of patients with esophagogastric junction outlet obstruction (EGJOO) turned to a non‐obstructive disorder; and 1% of patients with an apparently normal EGJ relaxation, turned to an obstructive disorder. EGJOO according to CCv4.0 was more prevalent in patients referred for dysphagia (11%) than those referred for GERD (4%; p = 0.003).Conclusions and InferencesProlongation of the time spent to complete the CCv4.0 protocol leads to a change in the diagnosis of 12% of patients. Clinically relevant changes are mainly related to the evaluation of EGJOO.
Defining patient‐centered research priorities in pediatric dermatology
Authors: Neale Holly , Schrandt Suz , Abbott Becky M. , Austin Jennifer , Brand Callista , Camp Karen , Devenport Katherine , Hall Michelle , Isbell Lauren , Miciano Charlene , Pry Sarah , Quinn Paula , Rittle James , Tenconi Francesca , Terrell Julia , Weiss Meredith , Zavitz Sam , Siegel Michael 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackground/ObjectivesPatient and caregiver perspectives are critical in understanding dermatologic disease impact, presentation, and management in children. The Pediatric Dermatology Research Alliance (PeDRA) Patient Advisory Committee (PtAC), a group of patient representatives and parents of children with cutaneous disease, pursued a multistep, iterative, consensus‐building process to identify comprehensive, high‐priority research needs.MethodsBuilding on discussions at the 2020 PeDRA Annual Conference, a research prioritization survey was developed and completed by PtAC members. Survey themes were aggregated and workshopped by the PtAC through a series of facilitated calls. Emerging priorities were refined in collaboration with additional PeDRA patient community members at the 2021 PeDRA Annual Conference. Subsequently, a final actionable list was agreed upon.ResultsFourteen PtAC members (86.7% female) representing patients with alopecia areata, atopic dermatitis, vascular birthmarks, congenital melanocytic nevi, ectodermal dysplasias, epidermolysis bullosa, Gorlin syndrome, hidradenitis suppurativa, ichthyosis, pemphigus, psoriasis, Sturge–Weber syndrome, and pachyonychia congenita completed the survey. Following serial PtAC meetings, 60 research needs were identified from five domains: psychosocial challenges, health care navigation/disease management, causes/triggers, treatments to preserve or save life, and treatments to preserve or save quality of life.ConclusionsMany pediatric dermatology research priorities align across affected communities and may drive meaningful, patient‐centric initiatives and investigations.
Echinacea purpurea microbiota: bacterial–fungal interactions and the interplay with host and non‐host plant species in vitro dual culture
Authors: Maggini V. , Bettini P. P. , Fani R. , Firenzuoli F. , Bogani P. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Important evidence is reported on the antimicrobial and antagonistic properties of bacterial endophytes in Echinacea purpurea and their role in the modulation of plant synthesis of bioactive compounds. Here, endophytic fungi were isolated from E. purpurea, and the dual culture approach was applied to deepen insights into the complex plant–microbiome interaction network.
In vitro experiments were carried out to evaluate the species specificity of the interaction between host (E. purpurea) and non‐host (E. angustifolia and Nicotiana tabacum) plant tissues and bacterial or fungal endophytes isolated from living E. purpurea plants to test interactions between fungal and bacterial endophytes.
A higher tropism towards plant tissue and growth was observed for both fungal and bacterial isolates compared to controls without plant tissue. The growth of all fungi was significantly inhibited by several bacterial strains that, in turn, were scarcely affected by the presence of fungi. Finally, E. purpurea endophytic bacteria were able to inhibit mycelial growth of the phytopathogen Botrytis cinerea.
Bacteria and fungi living in symbiosis with wild Echinacea plants interact with each other and could represent a potential source of bioactive compounds and a biocontrol tool.
Phosphorylation of S11 in PHR1 negatively controls its transcriptional activity
Authors: Trejo‐Fregoso Ricardo , Rodríguez Iván , Ávila Alejandra , Juárez‐Díaz Javier Andrés , Rodríguez‐Sotres Rogelio , Martínez‐Barajas Eleazar , Coello Patricia 
Published: November 2022

AbstractPlant responses to phosphate starvation (−Pi) are very well characterized at the biochemical and molecular levels. The expression of thousands of genes is modified under this stress condition, depending on the action of Phosphate starvation response 1 (PHR1). Existing data indicate that neither the PHR1 transcript nor the quantity or localization of its protein increase during nutrient stress, raising the question of how its activity is regulated. Here, we present data showing that SnRK1 kinase is able to phosphorylate some phosphate starvation response proteins (PSRs), including PHR1. Based on a model of the three‐dimensional structure of the catalytic subunit SnRK1α1, docking simulations predicted the binding modes of peptides from PHT1;8, PHO1 and PHR1 with SnRK1. PHR1 recombinant protein interacted in vitro with the catalytic subunits SnRK1α1 and SnRK1α2. A BiFC assay corroborated the in vivo interaction between PHR1 and SnRK1α1 in the cytoplasm and nucleus. Analysis of phosphorylated residues suggested the presence of one phosphorylated site containing the SnRK1 motif at S11, and mutation in this residue disrupted the incorporation of 32P, suggesting that it is a major phosphorylation site. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay results indicated that the binding of PHR1 to P1BS motifs was not influenced by phosphorylation. Importantly, transient expression assays in Arabidopsis protoplasts showed a decrease in PHR1 activity in contrast with the S11A mutant, suggesting a role for Ser11 as a negative regulatory phosphorylation site. Taken together, these findings suggest that phosphorylation of PHR1 at Ser11 is a mechanism to control the PHR1‐mediated adaptive response to −Pi.
Group multi‐component programme based on cognitive behavioural therapy and positive psychology for family caregivers of people with dementia: a randomised controlled study (3C study)
Authors: Tamura Noriko Takasaki , Shikimoto Ryo , Nagashima Kengo , Sato Yasunori , Nakagawa Atsuo , Irie Sachiko , Iwashita Satoru , Mimura Masaru , Fujisawa Daisuke 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundCaregivers of people with dementia frequently experience an elevated level of psychological distress and burden. This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of a group‐format multi‐component programme which is based on cognitive behavioural therapy and positive psychology.MethodsFamily caregivers of dementia were allocated (1:1) to the intervention group and the wait‐list control group, stratified by age (<65 years, ≥65 years) and care status (at home or in an institution). The intervention group received a six‐session, 10‐week, group‐format programme. The primary outcome was the Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale (HADS). Secondary outcomes were the short‐version of the Zarit Burden Interview (personal strain and role strain), Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire, Dementia Caregiver Positive Feeling Scale, and Self‐Compassionate Reactions Inventory. The evaluations were conducted at baseline, 10 weeks (post‐intervention), and 14 weeks (follow‐up).ResultsThe analyses were performed with 64 registered participants. In the whole sample, no significant effect was observed on HADS. There was medium effect on role strain (P = 0.04, partial η2 = 0.08). Positive feelings of caregiving increased after the intervention but were not maintained at follow‐up. In the subgroup analysis of caregivers under 65 years of age, a statistically significant effect was observed for personal strain (P = 0.03, partial η2 = 0.16). An interaction effect was also found for the total score of positive feelings of caregiving (P < 0.05, partial η2 = 0.02) and the meaning of caregiving (P = 0.02, partial η2 = 0.10).ConclusionsThis programme did not show significant improvement in depression and anxiety of caregivers of dementia; however, it reduced the burden of their role conflict (role strain) and yielded favourable short‐term effects on the positive feelings and the meaning of caregiving among the participants. Also, the programme effectively reduced the personal strain of caregivers under 65 years.
Brief immersion of southern Australia by change in relative plate speed
Authors: Bodur Ömer F. , Houseman Gregory A. , Rey Patrice F. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractDynamic subsidence and uplift of plates are often explained by the vertical motion of density anomalies in the mantle. Such models predict surface vertical motion rates of less than 100 m Myr−1 at long‐wavelengths with a timespan of tens of Myr. However, during periods of relative sea‐level stability, some of the phases of vertical motion on stable portions of plates have occurred at rates greater than 100 m Myr−1 during episodes that may last only a few Myr. Here, we show that vertical surface motions, with rates greater than 100 m Myr−1 and durations less than a few Myr, can be explained by changes in basal shear stress caused by variation in horizontal motion of a viscous plate relative to the asthenosphere. We apply our physical model to the short‐lived mid‐Eocene immersion of the southern margin of Australia.
Deep learning‐based diagnosis of stifle joint diseases in dogs
Authors: Shim Hyesoo , Lee Jongmo , Choi Seunghoon , Kim Jayon , Jeong Jeongyun , Cho Changhyun , Kim Hyungseok , Kim Jee‐in , Kim Jaehwan , Eom Kidong 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn this retrospective, analytical study, we developed a deep learning‐based diagnostic model that can be applied to canine stifle joint diseases and compared its accuracy with that achieved by veterinarians to verify its potential as a reliable diagnostic method. A total of 2382 radiographs of the canine stifle joint from cooperative animal hospitals were included in a dataset. Stifle joint regions were extracted from the original images using the faster region‐based convolutional neural network (R‐CNN) model, and the object detection accuracy was evaluated. Four radiographic findings: patellar deviation, drawer sign, osteophyte formation, and joint effusion, were observed in the stifle joint and used to train a residual network (ResNet) classification model. Implant and growth plate groups were analyzed to compare the classification accuracy against the total dataset. All deep learning‐based classification models achieved target accuracies exceeding 80%, which is comparable to or slightly less than those achieved by veterinarians. However, in the case of drawer signs, further research is necessary to improve the low sensitivity of the model. When the implant group was excluded, the classification accuracy significantly improved, indicating that the implant acted as a distraction. These results indicate that deep learning‐based diagnoses can be expected to become useful diagnostic models in veterinary medicine.
Effect of a Short, Bio-Mimetic Control Device on Aerodynamic Drag of Ahmed Body
Authors: Tran The Hung , Hijikuro Masato , Anyoji Masayuki , Uchida Takanori , Nakashima Takuji , Shimizu Keigo 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The effects of short automatic moving deflectors (AMD) on the aerodynamic characteristics of Ahmed body are considered in this study. AMDs, known as biomimetic control devices, were added to the leading edge of the slanted surface. Its position was automatically adjusted in a separation flow. The aerodynamic drag, the pressure, and the skin-friction distribution on the slanted surface were measured for the model with three deflectors with lengths of 9%, 18%, and 30% of the slant. Particle image velocimetry was also utilized to assess the flow on the vertical symmetric plane. The Reynolds number based on the height of the model is between 1.44 × 105 and 2.80 × 105. The results showed that at a low Reynolds number, a short deflector increases the drag of the model. The effectiveness of the deflector in reducing the drag arises at a high velocity, where a maximum drag reduction of 11% was observed. The deflectors also reduced the lift coefficient by as much as 89%. Global luminescent oil-film skin-friction measurements showed that in the low drag state, the structure of the longitudinal vortexes and the separation bubble disappear on the surface. A complex flow structure is classified for the baseline model and the model with deflectors. The relationship between the surface flow, pressure distribution, and flow on the symmetric vertical plane is discussed in detail.
Agreement between self-reported diseases from health surveys and national health registry data: a Danish nationwide study
Authors: Jensen Heidi Amalie Rosendahl , Lau Cathrine Juel , Davidsen Michael , Ekholm Ola , Christensen Anne Illemann 
Published: November 2022

BackgroundAgreement may be low when comparing self-reported diseases in health surveys with registry data. The aim of the present study was to examine the agreement between seven self-reported diseases among a representative sample of Danish adults aged ≥16 years and data from medical records. Moreover, possible associations with sociodemographic variables were examined.MethodsNationally representative data on self-reported current or previous diabetes, asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoporosis, myocardial infarction, stroke and cancer, respectively, were derived from the Danish National Health Survey in 2017 (N=183 372). Individual-level data were linked to data on the same diseases from medical records in registries. Logistic regression models were used to explore potential associations between sociodemographic variables and total agreement.ResultsFor all included diseases, specificity was >92% and sensitivity varied between 66% (cancer) and 95% (diabetes). Negative predictive value (NPV) was >96% for all diseases and positive predictive value (PPV) varied between 13% (rheumatoid arthritis) and 90% (cancer). Total agreement varied between 91% (asthma) and 99% (diabetes), whereas the kappa value was lowest for rheumatoid arthritis (0.21) and highest for diabetes (0.88). Sociodemographic variables were demonstrated to be significantly associated with total agreement for all diseases, with sex, age and educational level exhibiting the strongest associations. However, the directions of the associations were inconsistent across diseases.ConclusionOverall, self-reported data were accurate in identifying individuals without the specific disease (ie, specificity and NPV). However, sensitivity, PPV and kappa varied greatly between diseases. These findings should be considered when interpreting similar results from surveys.
Prevalence of STIs and people’s satisfaction in a general population STI testing site in Bern, Switzerland
Authors: Bigler Dina , Surial Bernard , Hauser Christoph Victor , Konrad Torsten , Furrer Hansjakob , Rauch Andri , Aebi-Popp Karoline 
Published: November 2022

ObjectivesAccess to affordable STI testing for asymptomatic persons is important to reduce STI transmission. Our testing site offers easily accessible and affordable STI testing for the general population irrespective of symptoms. Here we report STI prevalence and motivational factors of attendance.MethodsBetween 2017 and 2019, all participants at our STI testing site at the University Hospital Bern, Switzerland, were interviewed with a computer-based self-completion questionnaire. Pooled (oral, genital and anal) swabs were tested forChlamydia trachomatis,Neisseria gonorrhoeaeand blood samples for syphilis and HIV. People’s motivational factors to attend were assessed using a standardised questionnaire.Results5402 individuals between 17 and 82 (median 33.5) years were included. Of those, 2550 (47.2%) were between 25 and 34 years old and 3133 were heterosexual (58%), with rising attendance over the years. One-third attended because of a new sexual relationship, and one-third reported condomless sex. Among all individuals, we found 191 (3.8%) new chlamydia infections (89/191 in females and 101/191 in males) and 54 (1.1%) gonorrhoea infections (44/54 in males). In addition, 52/5125 tested individuals (0.8%) had syphilis requiring treatment.The number of sexual partners, previous bacterial STIs and condomless sex were associated with having an STI. Four heterosexual individuals were newly diagnosed with HIV. People rated a low threshold offer (through online booking or telephone) and personal counselling as most important factors to attend the service.ConclusionWe found many asymptomatic bacterial STIs requiring treatment. Offering easily accessible STI testing and counselling proved successful as shown by increasing rates of attendance and high levels of satisfaction.
Making the future in the present: using Science and Technology Studies to reflect on 40 years of research in the HADES Underground Research Laboratory
Authors: Geysmans Robbe , Silvikko De Villafranca Marika , Meskens Gaston 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
The timeframes involved in nuclear waste management often speak to the imagination, and even transcend it: what does it mean to isolate and contain human-made materials for periods up to hundreds of thousands or even a million years? In this article, we reflect on the role played by the HADES Underground Research Laboratory in making the distant future comprehensible today. Our argument starts by focusing on the pioneering role HADES played and plays in knowledge production on geological disposal. It highlights the heterogeneous nature of scientific experiments and experiences, and the performative role these play in defining matters of concern for research and development. Second, attention is directed to how HADES contributes to the defining of what is considered possible and imaginable, and how it therefore not only renders the future more predictable, but also contributes to the making of that future. We end the paper with a reflection on the implications of what ‘making the future’ could entail from an ethical perspective, discussing how the intergenerational responsibilities that come with these future-making capacities could be handled.