bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The presence of moral hazard regarding flood insurance and German private businesses
Authors: Hudson Paul , Thieken Annegret H. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThere is a movement towards the concepts of integrated flood risk management and governance. In these concepts, each stakeholder prone to flooding is tasked with actively limiting flood impacts. Currently, relatively more research has focused upon the adaptation of private households and not on private businesses operating in flood-prone areas. This paper offers an extension of this literature on business-level flood adaptation by exploring the potential presence of moral hazard. The analyses are based on survey data collected in the aftermath of six floods across Germany between 2002 and 2013 to provide a first indication of the presence of moral hazard in private businesses. Moral hazard is where increased insurance coverage results in policyholders preparing less, increasing the risk they face, a counterproductive outcome. We present an initial study of moral hazard occurring through three channels: the performance of emergency measures during a flood, changes in precautionary behavior employed before a given flood occurred, and changes in the intention to employ additional precautionary measures after a flood. We find, much like for private households, no strong indication that moral hazard is present regarding past adaptation. However, there is a potential avenue after 2005 for insurance coverage to lower businesses’ intentions to employ more adaptation measures after a flood. This has significant policy relevance such as opportunities for strengthening the link between insurance and risk reduction measures and boosting insurance coverage against flooding in general.
Revisiting the averaged problem in the case of mean-motion resonances in the restricted three-body problem
Authors: Pousse Alexandre , Alessi Elisa Maria 
Published: February 2022

AbstractA classical approach to the restricted three-body problem is to analyze the dynamics of the massless body in the synodic reference frame. A different approach is represented by the perturbative treatment: in particular the averaged problem of a mean-motion resonance allows to investigate the long-term behavior of the solutions through a suitable approximation that focuses on a particular region of the phase space. In this paper, we intend to bridge a gap between the two approaches in the specific case of mean-motion resonant dynamics, establish the limit of validity of the averaged problem and take advantage of its results in order to compute trajectories in the synodic reference frame. After the description of each approach, we develop a rigorous treatment of the averaging process, estimate the size of the transformation and prove that the averaged problem is a suitable approximation of the restricted three-body problem as long as the solutions are located outside the Hill’s sphere of the secondary. In such a case, a rigorous theorem of stability over finite but large timescales can be proven. We establish that a solution of the averaged problem provides an accurate approximation of the trajectories on the synodic reference frame within a finite time that depend on the minimal distance to the Hill’s sphere of the secondary. The last part of this work is devoted to the co-orbital motion (i.e., the dynamics in 1:1 mean-motion resonance) in the circular-planar case. In this case, an interpretation of the solutions of the averaged problem in the synodic reference frame is detailed and a method that allows to compute co-orbital trajectories is displayed.
Sexual Assistance for People with Intellectual Disabilities: Proposal for a Service Delivery Model
Authors: Gutiérrez-Bermejo Belén , Jenaro Cristina 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe figure of the sexual assistant is increasingly demanded as a right in the disabilities field. This figure requires debate, adaptation to the characteristics of countries and cultures, as well as to the characteristics of people with intellectual and developmental disabilities. This study presents the work carried out with representatives of Spanish organizations of people with intellectual disabilities to develop a proposal for the figure of support staff for sexual behavior. Together with a rights perspective, this proposal is aligned with the Supports paradigm to better meet the health and behavior needs of users. The figure is framed within the auto-erotic and therapeutic model of sexual assistance. This figure excludes characteristics of the erotic model that involves interaction or sexual exchange between the sexual assistant and the individual with a disability. Several advantages and disadvantages need to be carefully considered before implementing this support in a delivery service model. We argue that the proposed figure requires specific accreditation, training, and monitoring.
Endemism in recently diverged angiosperms is associated with polyploidy
Authors: Villa Sara , Montagna Matteo , Pierce Simon 
Published: February 2022

AbstractEndemic (range restricted or precinctive) plant species are frequently observed to exhibit polyploidy (chromosome set duplication), which can drive shifts in ecology for angiosperms, but whether endemism is generally associated with polyploidy throughout the flowering plants has not been determined. We tested the hypothesis that polyploidy is more frequent and more pronounced (higher evident ploidy levels) for recently evolved endemic angiosperms. Chromosome count data, molecular dating and distribution for 4210 species (representing all major clades of angiosperms and including the largest families) were mined from literature-based databases. Upper boundary regression was used to investigate the relationship between the maximum number of chromosomes and time since taxon divergence, across clades and separately for families, comparing endemic with non-endemic species. A significant negative exponential relationship between maximum number of chromosomes and taxon age was evident across angiosperms (R2adj = 0.48 for all species, R2adj = 0.49 for endemics; R2adj = 0.44 for non-endemics; p always < 0.0001), recent endemics demonstrating greater maximum chromosome numbers (y intercept = 164 cf. 111) declining more rapidly with taxon age (decay constant = 0.12, cf. 0.04) with respect to non-endemics. The majority of families exhibited this relationship, with a steeper regression slope for endemic Campanulaceae, Asteraceae, Fabaceae, Poaceae, Caryophyllaceae and Rosaceae, cf. non-endemics. Chromosome set duplication is more frequent and extensive in recent angiosperms, particularly young endemics, supporting the hypothesis of recent polyploidy as a key explanation of range restriction. However, as young endemics may also be diploid, polyploidy is not an exclusive driver of endemism.
Das Selbst entsteht in der Selbsterfahrung
Authors: Frick Eckhard 
Published: February 2022

ZusammenfassungIn diesem Beitrag der Zeitschrift für Psychodrama und Soziometrie setzt sich der Autor mit den Grundlagen der Selbsterfahrung auseinander. „Selbsterfahrung“ ist ein reflexives Nominalkompositum, das aus dem Intensifikator „selbst-“ und dem nominalisierten Verbum „erfahren“ zusammengesetzt ist. Das semantische Feld des Kompositums besteht folglich nicht nur in der Reflexivität (Erfahrung der eigenen Existenz), sondern auch in Intensivierung und emphatischer Bekräftigung von Seele und Identität: Das reflexive Kompositum „Selbsterfahrung“ ist die verdichtete Version der reflexiven Proposition „sich erfahren“. Der Prozess sprachlicher Reanalyse, Abstraktion und Verdichtung kann das abstrakte, mit dem bestimmten Artikel als individuelles Konzept gebrauchte Nomen „Selbst“ entstehen lassen. Dieser sprachliche Prozess vom Handlungsverb zum reflexiven Nominalkompositum und zum abstrakten Nomen drückt aus, was auf der Bühne geschieht: „Role playing is prior to the emergence of the self. Roles do not emerge from the self, but the self may emerge from roles“ (Moreno). Um das Entstehen des Selbst zu verstehen, sollten Psychodramatiker(innen) die Ich-Selbst-Achse im Auge behalten.
Materials-oriented integrated design and construction of structures in civil engineering—A review
Authors: Ming Xing , Huang John C. , Li Zongjin 
Published: February 2022

AbstractDesign is a goal-oriented planning activity for creating products, processes, and systems with desired functions through specifications. It is a decision-making exploration: the design outcome may vary greatly depending on the designer’s knowledge and philosophy. Integrated design is one type of design philosophy that takes an interdisciplinary and holistic approach. In civil engineering, structural design is such an activity for creating buildings and infrastructures. Recently, structural design in many countries has emphasized a performance-based philosophy that simultaneously considers a structure’s safety, durability, serviceability, and sustainability. Consequently, integrated design in civil engineering has become more popular, useful, and important. Material-oriented integrated design and construction of structures (MIDCS) combine materials engineering and structural engineering in the design stage: it fully utilizes the strengths of materials by selecting the most suitable structural forms and construction methodologies. This paper will explore real-world examples of MIDCS, including the realization of MIDCS in timber seismic-resistant structures, masonry arch structures, long-span steel bridges, prefabricated/on-site extruded light-weight steel structures, fiber-reinforced cementitious composites structures, and fiber-reinforced polymer bridge decks. Additionally, advanced material design methods such as bioinspired design and structure construction technology of additive manufacturing are briefly reviewed and discussed to demonstrate how MIDCS can combine materials and structures. A unified strength-durability design theory is also introduced, which is a human-centric, interdisciplinary, and holistic approach to the description and development of any civil infrastructure and includes all processes directly involved in the life cycle of the infrastructure. Finally, this paper lays out future research directions for further development in the field.
Consumer resource integration and service innovation in social commerce: the role of social media influencers
Authors: Wu Yao , Nambisan Satish , Xiao Jinghua , Xie Kang 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSocial media technologies have given rise to influencers who shape the purchasing behaviors of their followers (peer consumers), thus enabling consumer-initiated social commerce. However, few studies have explored how social media influencers, and more broadly, consumers, actively integrate resources to engage in service innovation in social commerce. This qualitative study (involving two firms and their influencers) examines the emerging roles of social media influencers and their resource integration behaviors in service innovation. Drawing on the service-dominant logic and the technology affordance theory, the study advances a framework that identifies the resource integration behaviors that underlie two primary roles of influencers—communicator and innovator—and explains how social media technology affordances facilitate these behaviors, and thereby, the ensuing innovation outcomes. By focusing on the technology-mediated processes of social media influencers’ engagement in service innovation, we contribute to research and practice in consumer-led service innovation in the emerging digital world.
Analysis on borehole stability of gas drilling with complete stress–strain and thermal stress theory
Authors: Zhu Zhongxi , Wang Chaofei , Xiong Chao , Lei Wanneng 
Published: February 2022

AbstractIn conventional mud drilling, sufficient drilling fluid density is required to maintain wellbore stability. However, in gas drilling, the support ability of gas in wellbore is very weak, and the wellbore stability is usually good. This shows that the borehole instability mechanism of gas drilling is different from that of mud drilling. In gas drilling, the borehole wall rock still has a certain bearing capacity after reaching the peak strength. In this paper, the stability of gas drilling wellbore is studied by using the complete stress–strain model. The deformation of rock around borehole in gas drilling can be divided into elastic zone, plastic zone, and broken zone. The radii of plastic zone and broken zone were used to evaluate the stability of borehole wall. This method has a good general applicability to the case of no thermal stress in borehole wall rock. However, due to throttling and cooling as gas flows out of the bit nozzle during gas drilling, thermal stress occurs when the cryogenic flow in the annulus meets the hot formation. Therefore, thermal stress is introduced into the complete stress–strain calculation model. The radii of plastic zone and broken zone are calculated according to the actual drilling data, and compared with the measured borehole diameter. The results show that the model is reasonable and effective. Analysis shows that in gas drilling process, the borehole temperature is much lower than the original formation temperature near the bottom of the borehole, and the borehole temperature is higher than the formation temperature in the upper part of the borehole. Thermal stress has a significant effect on borehole stability. The thermal stress in the bottom borehole makes the rock shrink and offset the expansion of the original in situ stress on the surrounding rock, thus enhancing the stability of the borehole wall. The surrounding rock in the top borehole expands under the action of thermal stress, enhancing the expansion of the surrounding rock toward the borehole and aggravating the instability of the borehole wall. The model can be used to better explain the wellbore instability mechanism of gas drilling, and it is more intuitive to use plastic zone radius and broken zone to characterize wellbore stability of gas drilling.
Organisation und Umsetzung des Arbeitsschutzes in Kitas
Authors: Michaelis Martina , Stößel Ulrich , Bieler Frank , Schambortski Heike , Nienhaus Albert 
Published: February 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund und Fragestellung
Physische und psychische Belastungen sowie Infektionsgefährdungen von Beschäftigten in Kindertagesstätten (Kitas) machen die Einhaltung staatlicher und berufsgenossenschaftlicher Arbeitsschutzregelungen essenziell. Wie gut der Arbeitsschutz hier organisiert ist und Maßnahmen auch tatsächlich umgesetzt werden, ist empirisch bislang nicht bekannt. Diese Lücke soll mit einer Bestandsaufnahme geschlossen werden.

Material und Methoden
In der zweiten Jahreshälfte 2020 wurden 120 zufällig ausgewählte Kita-Leitungen in ganz Deutschland meist kirchlicher Mitgliedsbetriebe der Berufsgenossenschaft für Gesundheitsdienst und Wohlfahrtspflege (BGW) interviewt. Dies geschah durch Angehörige der BGW-Präventionsdienste mittels eines standardisierten Erhebungsinstruments. Die erhobenen Aspekte (mehrheitlich zur Organisation) wurden in einem standardisierten Summenindex zwischen0 und 1 (schlechtester bis bester Arbeitsschutz) zusammengefasst und deskriptiv ausgewertet.

Ergebnisse
Die Anforderungen an die Organisation des Arbeitsschutzes sind vielfach erfüllt. Für eine tatsächliche Umsetzung organisierter Arbeitsschutzvorgaben sind noch gewisse Entwicklungsmöglichkeiten erkennbar. Der standardisierte Summenindex beträgt 0,82 (Standardabweichung: 0,16). Zwei Drittel der Befragten schätzten den Arbeitsschutz in ihrer Kita als insgesamt gut/sehr gut ein. In Freitexten wurde häufig der Wunsch nach mehr Informationen zum Arbeitsschutz und besserer entsprechender Kommunikation des Trägers geäußert.

Diskussion und Ausblick
Die Ergebnisse bestätigen eine höhere formale Qualität des Arbeitsschutzes als in anderen – branchenübergreifenden – Studien in kleineren Betrieben. Zur kontinuierlichen Verbesserung der tatsächlichen Umsetzung organisierter Maßnahmen können – in Kitas bislang noch selten genutzte – Arbeitsschutzmanagementsysteme unterstützend wirken. Es stehen entsprechende Instrumente zur Verfügung, für deren Einsatz in Zukunft mehr geworben werden sollte. Limitationen der Studie sind u. a. mögliche Verzerrungen durch Antworten an Vertreter einer Institution, die auch für die Überwachung des Arbeitsschutzes zuständig ist.
Creation and Psychometric Validation of the Sexual Minorities and Prostate Cancer Scale (SMACS) in Sexual Minority Patients-The Restore-2 Study
Authors: Polter Elizabeth J. , Kohli Nidhi , Rosser B.R. Simon , Talley Kristine M.C. , Wheldon Christopher W. , Hoefer Chris J. , Wright Morgan , Haggart Ryan , Mitteldorf Darry , Kilian Gudrun , Konety Badrinath R. , Ross Michael W. , West William 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT

Background
Existing measures of sexual functioning in prostate cancer survivors focus primarily on erectile function and do not adequately measure the experiences of sexual minority men.

Aim
To develop and psychometrically evaluate a new scale to measure sexual functioning among sexual minority men with prostate cancer.

Methods
Sexual minority prostate cancer patients (n = 401) completed an online battery of urinary and sexual functioning tests in 2019, including a new 37-item instrument about their sexual functioning post-treatment for prostate cancer.

Outcomes
We used confirmatory factor analysis to determine the construct validity of a new scale including five subscales: a four-factor model for all participants (n = 401) evaluated Sexual Satisfaction, Sexual Confidence, Frequency of Sexual Problems, and Urinary Incontinence in Sex. A single-factor model completed only by participants who had attempted or desired receptive anal sex (n = 255) was evaluated in the fifth subscale: Problematic Receptive Anal Sex. To evaluate criterion validity, we calculated the intercorrelations between each Sexual Minorities and Prostate Cancer Scale (SMACS) subscale and four related scales: the Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite-50 (EPIC), the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Prostate, the Brief Symptom Inventory-18, and the International Consultation on incontinence questionnaire. Cronbach’s alphas were calculated to measure internal consistency (ie, reliability).

Results
Cronbach’s alpha values ranged from 0.64 to 0.89. Loadings (0.479–0.926) and model fit indices were strong (Root Mean Square Error of Approximation: 0.085, Standardized root mean squared residual: 0.063, comparative fit index: 0.927, Tucker-Lewis Index: 0.907). For criterion validity, Sexual Satisfaction, Sexual Confidence, and Frequency of Sexual Problems were moderately correlated with EPIC function and bother scores (r = 0.50–0.72) and Urinary incontinence in sex correlated moderately with EPIC Urinary Function and International Consultation on incontinence questionnaire scores (0.45–0.56).

Clinical Implications
The SMACS can be used by clinicians and researchers to comprehensively measure sexual functioning in sexual minority men, in conjunction with existing scales.

Strengths and limitations
This new scale is validated in a large, geographically diverse cohort of sexual minority cancer survivors and fills an important gap in existing measures of sexual functioning. Limitations include a lack of a validation sample.

Conclusion
The SMACS is a valid and reliable new scale that measures sexual minority men’s experience of urinary incontinence in sex, problematic receptive anal sex, and sexual distress.
COMPLETE INTUITIONISTIC TEMPORAL LOGICS FOR TOPOLOGICAL DYNAMICS
Authors: BOUDOU JOSEPH , DIÉGUEZ MARTÍN , FERNÁNDEZ-DUQUE DAVID 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe language of linear temporal logic can be interpreted on the class of dynamic topological systems, giving rise to the intuitionistic temporal logic
${\sf ITL}^{\sf c}_{\Diamond \forall }$
, recently shown to be decidable by Fernández-Duque. In this article we axiomatize this logic, some fragments, and prove completeness for several familiar spaces.
Riboflavin is an antioxidant: a review update
Authors: Olfat Nafisa , Ashoori Marziyeh , Saedisomeolia Ahmad 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAerobic organisms need antioxidant defense systems to deal with free radicals which either are produced during aerobic respiration or may have an external origin. Oxidative stress, which is resulted from an imbalance between the production of free radicals and the ability of antioxidant defense mechanism to deactivate them, is involved in the development of many chronic diseases such as cancer, diabetes, CVD and some neurodegenerative diseases. Reinforcing the antioxidant potential of the body has been considered as a strategy that could prevent and manage such conditions. In the previous review article published by British Journal of Nutrition, in 2014, for the first time, we concluded that riboflavin could alleviate oxidative stress. Although riboflavin can serve as a prooxidant when exposed to ultraviolet irradiation, the literature is replete with studies that support its antioxidant properties. Furthermore, recent evidence suggests that riboflavin may have a therapeutic potential in many conditions in which oxidative stress is involved, although the therapeutic efficacy of riboflavin as an antioxidant requires further study under conditions of wellness and clinical disease.
Standardisation and application of a novel multiplex assay for estimating micronutrient status and inflammatory markers in women of Sauria Paharia and Santhal tribes of Jharkhand
Authors: Singh Archna , Baalasubramanian Sivasankar , Kalaivani Mani , Kapoor Ridhima , Bhagwat Ketaki , Ghosh-Jerath Suparna 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis study aimed to document the method standardisation and assessment of micronutrient and inflammatory markers in women from indigenous tribal communities of Jharkhand using a low-volume, high-throughput assay. This cross-sectional study was done among women of the reproductive age group from Sauria Paharia and Santhal tribal households (HH) in selected villages. Capillary blood samples were collected from the women during a HH survey to estimate ferritin, soluble transferrin receptor, retinol binding protein 4 and inflammatory biomarkers, C-reactive protein (CRP) andα-1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) using a multiplex assay. Vitamin D and Hb were estimated using an LC-MS technique and cyanmethaemoglobin method, respectively. A multiplex Luminex-based method was developed and standardised. The assay was used to estimate biomarkers in samples from 413 women (178 and 235 from Sauria Paharia and Santhal tribes, respectively). Over 51 % of women had raised CRP or AGP levels. Fe status was significantly better in Sauria Paharia compared with the Santhal women. Anaemia prevalence was 72 % among Santhal women. The proportion of women with Fe deficiency increased after adjusting for inflammation. The overall prevalence of vitamin A deficiency and insufficiency was 25 and 34 %, respectively, with similar prevalence in both tribes. All Santhal women had sufficient vitamin D levels, while 25 and 20 % of Sauria Paharia women had insufficient and deficient vitamin D levels, respectively. Our low-volume, high-throughput multiplex assays may provide a feasible approach for assessing nutritional biomarkers in nutritionally vulnerable hard-to-reach communities.