bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Moringa oleifera seed extract-mediated flocculation as an efficient method for harvesting Chlorella lewinii biomass
Authors: Ikele Chioma Faith , Ogbonna Christiana Nwakego 
Published: November 2022

The aim of this research was to investigate the potentials of harvesting Chlorella lewinii through flocculation by Moringa oleifera seed extract. Water, ethanol, and sodium chloride solution were used to extract flocculating agents from both whole and de-fatted Moringa oleifera seeds and their ability to flocculate C. lewinii cells were evaluated. The effects of extracting solvents, extract concentration, incubation period and culture age on flocculation efficiency were investigated. The lipid contents of the biomass harvested by flocculation using M. oleifera seed extract were compared with those harvested by centrifugation. The results showed that 1M sodium chloride solution was the most effective solvent for extracting M. oleifera active ingredient. The optimum extract concentration was 600±0.10 mg/L with approximately 60±0.46 % efficiency, while the optimum length of period for incubating a mixture of cell culture and seed extract was 80±0.26 min. Defatted Moringa oleifera seed extract was more efficient than whole seed extract with an efficiency of 50%. The percentage lipid content of biomass harvested by centrifuge and moringa extracts decreased in the following order: Centrifugation-(22.55%) > de-fatted seed extract (16.63%) > whole seed extract (14.42%). These results indicate that M. oleifera seed extract is a reliable method of harvesting microalgae biomass.
Prevention of Shoulder-Surfing Attack Using Shifting Condition with the Digraph Substitution Rules
Authors: Islam Amanul , Othman Fazidah , Sakib Nazmus , Babu Hafiz Md. Hasan 
Published: November 2022

Graphical passwords are implemented as an alternative scheme to replace alphanumeric passwords to help users to memorize their password. However, most of the graphical password systems are vulnerable to shoulder-surfing attack due to the usage of the visual interface. In this research, a method that uses shifting condition with digraph substitution rules is proposed to address shoulder-surfing attack problem. The proposed algorithm uses both password images and decoy images throughout the user authentication procedure to confuse adversaries from obtaining the password images via direct observation or watching from a recorded session. The pass-images generated by this suggested algorithm are random and can only be generated if the algorithm is fully understood. As a result, adversaries will have no clue to obtain the right password images to log in. A user study was undertaken to assess the proposed method's effectiveness to avoid shoulder-surfing attacks. The results of the user study indicate that the proposed approach can withstand shoulder-surfing attacks (both direct observation and video recording method).The proposed method was tested and the results showed that it is able to resist shoulder-surfing and frequency of occurrence analysis attacks. Moreover, the experience gained in this research can be pervaded the gap on the realm of knowledge of the graphical password.

Received: 29 June 2022 | Revised: 10 November 2022 | Accepted: 14 November 2022

Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work.
Analisis SWOT Sebagai Strategi Pemasaran Dalam Meningkatkan Daya Saing
Authors: Rahajeng Yekti 
Published: November 2022

The objectives this research is to know how SWOT analysis as marketing strategies to improve competitiveness in CV Dua Putri Sholehah Probolinggo. This research was tested using SWOT analysis by identifying internal factors (strenghts and weaknesses) and external factors (opportunities and threats). The method used in this research in quantitative descriptive. Data collection techniques in this study were conducted by interview, observation, documentation methods and then analyzed using SWOT. The type of data consists of primary data and secondary data. The results of this research can be seen the value of internal factors of 2.99 and external factors 2,88. CV Dua Putri Sholehah Probolinggo is in quadrant II, despite facing varios threats but still has strength in terms of internal and strategies that must be applied thas is using power to take advantage of long-term opportunities and diversification strategies so that CV Dua Putri Sholehah Probolinggo can improve its competitiveness.
Keyword: SWOT Analysis, marketing strategy, competitiveness
Hubungan Pengetahuan Dengan Kesiapan Dalam Menghadapi Menarche Pada Siswi Kelas V di SD Negeri 82 Kota Bengkulu
Authors: Supriyanto Gatot , Sari Ruri Maiseptya , Rosyladita Indriarny 
Published: November 2022

Anak yang tidak mempersiapkan datangnya menarche menanggapi menarche dengan kaget, terkejut, dan takut, maka penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari hubungan pengetahuan dengan kesiapan dalam menghadapi menarche pada siswi Kelas V di SD Negeri 82 Kota Bengkulu. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan Survey Analitik dengan rancangan cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswi Kelas V di SD negeri 82 Kota Bengkulu sebanyak 65 responden diambil secara total sampling. Pengumpulan data yaitu menggunakan data sekunder dan primer. Analisis data menggunakan analisis univariat dan analisis bivariate dengan uji Chi-Square (χ2) dan Uji Contingency Coefficient (C). Hasil penelitian didapatkan: Dari 65 responden terdapat 35 responden (53,8%) siap dalam menghadapi menarche; Dari 65 responden terdapat 25 responden (38,5%) pengetahuan cukup; Ada hubungan yang signifikan antara pengetahuan dengan kesiapan dalam menghadapi menarche pada siswi Kelas V di SD Negeri 82 Kota Bengkulu, dengan kategori hubungan sedang. Diharapkan pada pihak Sekolah dapat bekerja sama dengan Puskesmas promosi kesehatan dalam melakukan penyuluhan dan penjelasan kesiapan siswi dalam menghadapi menarche.
Pola Makan Dengan Kadar Glukosa Darah Pada Penderita Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2
Authors: Kurniasari Septi , Nurwinda Sari Nova , Warmi Hernida 
Published: November 2022

Diabetes mellitus menjadi masalah kesehatan utama pada masyarakat karena komplikasi yang ditimbulkan bersifat jangka pendek dan jangka panjang. Diabetes mellitus merupakan kondisi penyakit kronis yang ditandai dengan adanya peningkatan kadar glukosa darah yang disertai dengan muculnya gejala utama yang khas yakni peningkatan jumlah urin dan urine yang berasa manis. Sekitar 80% penderita diabetes mellitus tipe 2 terbukti mengalami obesitas yang dapat meningkatkan resiko komplikasi. Makanan memegang peranan penting dalam peningkatan kadar gula darah, karena makanan yang dimakan akan dicerna didalam saluran pencernaan dan kemudian akan diubah menjadi glukosa. Penyerapan glukosa di dalam tubuh akan menyebabkan peningkatan kadar gula darah dan meningkatkan sekresi insulin. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan pola makan dengan kadar glukosa darah pada pasien diabetes mellitus tipe 2. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain survey analitik pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi dalam penilitian ini adalah 364 penderita diabetes melitus Di Puskesmas Madukoro. Hasil analisis penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan pola makan dengan kadar glukosa darah pada penderita diabetes melitus tipe 2 di puskesmas madukoro kotabumi lampung utara tahun 2019 dengan p-value sebesar 0,02 dan didapatkan nilai PR= 6,0 artinya responden yang mempunyai pola makan tidak baik beresiko terjadi 6 kali dibandingkan dengan responden yang memiliki pola makan baik.
A HORA DO SONO
Authors: Dias Dalzirene Souza , Silva Débora Thais Nascimento da , Sena Jaqueline Miranda de , Teixeira Rosana de Souza 
Published: November 2022

Entendemos que a educação infantil passa por atividades cotidianas que dizem respeito às dimensões do cuidado e da educação das crianças de 0 a 5 anos. Nesse sentido, o objetivo principal deste artigo é compreender a organização do tempo de sono na educação infantil por meio da atividade indissociável entre cuidar e educar e tecer um olhar no design voltado para o descanso lúdico da criança. A metodologia é de natureza bibliográfica, a exemplo de Batista (1998), Coelho (2009) e Oliveira (2014). Por esse motivo, o tempo de sono é necessário para o desenvolvimento da criança, levando em consideração as características das crianças e tratando o tempo de sono como um momento de descanso e relaxamento para a criança, não como uma obrigação de “adormecer”.
Leeuwin Current dynamics over the last 60 kyr – relation to Australian ecosystem and Southern Ocean change
Authors: Nürnberg Dirk , Kayode Akintunde , Meier Karl J. F. , Karas Cyrus 
Published: November 2022

Abstract. The Leeuwin Current, flowing southward along the western coast of Australia, is an important
conduit for the poleward heat transport and inter-ocean water exchange
between the tropical and the subantarctic ocean areas. Its past development
and its relationship to Southern Ocean change and Australian ecosystem
response is, however, largely unknown. Here we reconstruct sea surface and
thermocline temperatures and salinities from foraminiferal-based Mg/Ca and
stable oxygen isotopes from areas offshore of southwestern and southeastern Australia,
reflecting the Leeuwin Current dynamics over the last 60 kyr. Their
variability resembles the biomass burning development in Australasia from
∼60–20 ka BP, implying that climate-modulated changes related
to the Leeuwin Current most likely affected Australian vegetational and fire
regimes. Particularly during ∼60–43 ka BP, the warmest
thermocline temperatures point to a strongly developed Leeuwin Current
during Antarctic cool periods when the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC)
weakened. The pronounced centennial-scale variations in Leeuwin Current
strength appear to be in line with the migrations of the Southern Hemisphere
frontal system and are captured by prominent changes in the Australian
megafauna biomass. We argue that the concerted action of a rapidly changing
Leeuwin Current, the ecosystem response in Australia, and human interference
since ∼50 BP enhanced the ecological stress on the Australian
megafauna until its extinction at ∼43 ka BP. While being
weakest during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), the deglacial Leeuwin Current
intensified at times of poleward migrations of the Subtropical Front
(STF). During the Holocene, the thermocline off southern Australia was
considerably shallower compared to the short-term glacial and deglacial
periods of Leeuwin Current intensification.
Impact of electrode conductivity on mass sensitivity of piezoelectric resonators at high temperatures
Authors: Schlack Sebastian , Wulfmeier Hendrik , Fritze Holger 
Published: November 2022

Abstract. High-temperature stable piezoelectric Ca3TaGa3Si2O14 and La3Ga5SiO14 resonators with keyhole-shaped Pt electrodes are coated with metal oxide films such as TiO2−δ and SnO2 that overlap the Pt electrodes. The resonators are exposed to reducing atmospheres in order to increase the electrical conductivity of the oxide film and then act as extended oxide electrodes. The resulting increase in the effective electrode radius causes an increase in the mass sensitivity of the resonators and, thereby, resonance frequency shifts. In other words, the effective mass of the Pt electrode becomes higher. An electrical circuit model is presented to describe the increase in the effective electrode radius of the resonator, which is used to calculate the related resonance frequency shift. Additionally, an electromechanical model is presented, which subdivides the resonator into two coupled oscillators. One is representing the resonator volume underneath the Pt electrode and the other underneath the oxide electrode at increased electrical conductivity. The model reflects how the oxide electrodes affect the resonance frequency. Furthermore, the impact of increasing oxide electrode conductivity on the resonance frequency is discussed with respect to the application of oxide electrodes and for gas sensing.
Is Program Review Worth It?: Sociology Chair Perceptions of Program Review Experiences and Outcomes
Authors: Senter Mary S. , Ciabattari Teresa , Amaya Nicole V. 
Published: November 2022

ABSTRACT
Program review is one way that higher education is held accountable to stakeholders. However, little research has been conducted to determine whether best practices are followed by departments and whether the process is perceived to be effective by department chairs. This article presents data from a national survey of US sociology department chairs to explore these issues. We find that the use of some best practices can improve the extent to which chairs perceive program review to be a good use of time and a way to enhance the experiences of students. Positive attitudes about program review are also enhanced when chairs perceive that administrators use the process to make decisions about departments and when program review results in demonstrable positive change for departments. Nonetheless, a nontrivial minority of chairs perceive that program review is not a good use of time and that the process fails to improve the student experience.
Tribal Folk Beliefs and Vagwariya Pilgrimage: Cultural, Philosophical Perspectives
Authors: Rastogi Alka 
Published: November 2022

Tribal folk belief, exclusive relationship with nature, supernatural contemplation, supernatural belief and symbolism with glimpses of tribal culture is expressed in the form of Vagwariya Tirth. Vagad is known by the name of Lodhi Kashi. Culturally and philosophically, the tribal culture finds its place in these temples, ghats, sangams and considers the spirit of dependence on nature, to control, to satisfy the higher spiritual forces in their impoverished life as religion.
Abstract in Hindi Language:
जनजातीय लोक विश्वास,प्रकृति के साथ अनन्य सम्बन्ध, अलौकिक चिंतन,अलौकिक विश्वास और प्रतीक जनजातीय संस्कृति कि झलक के साथ समन्वयवाद ही वग्वारीय तीर्थ के रूप में अभिव्यक्त है। बेणेश्वर धाम, त्रिपुरा सुंदरी, घोटिया अम्बा, आद्यशक्ति आराधना के नौ धाम सम्मिलित रूप से वागड़ को लोढ़ी काशी की संज्ञा से विभूषित करते हैं। सांस्कृतिक और दार्शनिक रूप से जनजातीय संस्कृति इन मंदिरों, घाट, संगम में स्थान पाती है और उनके विपन्न जीवन में प्रकृति पर निर्भरता, नियंत्रण करने की, उच्च आध्यात्मिक शक्तियों को संतुष्ट करने की भावना को धर्म मानती है।
Keywords: अलौकिक विश्वास, लोक विश्वास, तीर्थ
THE DANGERS OF AN UNDEFEATED RUSSIA
Authors: Sherr James 
Published: November 2022

This article highlights the importance of accuracy in understanding the expectations, judgments and apprehensions of all parties involved in an armed conflict. The author reviews misconceptions that Russia, Ukraine and the West had about each other prior to 24 February and singles out three axioms that arguably need to be kept in the foreground while analyzing the stakes and perils of this war. Five arguments, ranging from issues of geopolitics to matters of economy and security, are then put forward to prove why a failure to defeat Russia will cost Ukraine and the West more than the West’s determination to do what is necessary to enable Ukraine to prevail. The author concludes that if the West’s hesitancy is not replaced by a sense of urgency, the United States and its European allies will face a choice of a different nature: direct intervention with Russia or the loss of Ukraine.
EPISTEMOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF THE RUSSIA-UKRAINE MODERN WAR
Authors: Lossovskyi Ihor , Prykhodko Iryna 
Published: November 2022

Ideas on the political nature, causes, motivations of the parties and the very essence of the Russia-Ukraine hybrid war of 2014–2022 are presented. Ideological preconditions, reasons and current consequences of the Russian armed aggression against Ukraine, as well as the evolution of the formation of the political and security doctrines of the ruling regime of Russia from quasi-liberal views to the expansionist concept of “restoration of historical Russia” and justification of aggressive war against Ukraine are considered.
The authors’ theoretical framework for examining the political nature, essence and causes as well as specificities of this war is based on the provisions of classic military theory as well as their further development. These fundamental ideas are gaining new relevance in the context of hybrid war with the simultaneous presence of elements of military confrontation pertinent to third-generation war and factors pertinent to the new type of sixth-generation war. Conclusions are based on an analysis of a number of conceptual documents by Russia’s leadership over the past 15 years.
CULTURAL GENOCIDE AS INTERNATIONAL CRIME COMMITTED BY THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION IN UKRAINE
Authors: Bakalchuk Vladyslava 
Published: November 2022

This article analyzes acts of destruction of culture and identity of the Ukrainian people by the Russian Federation following the concept of cultural genocide by Raphael Lemkin. The author singles out stages of the implementation of cultural genocide before and during the full-scale invasion of the Russian Federation in Ukraine and illustrates conceptual links between the cultural destruction and physical/biological destruction of the Ukrainian nation.
The acts of cultural genocide, committed by the Russian Federation in Ukraine, are seen as systematic steps to destroy the national culture and identity of the Ukrainian people. These acts have preceded and have been accompanying the acts of physical and biological destruction during the full-scale invasion in 2022. The mechanisms for the destruction of culture and identity of Ukrainians as a national group include: the appropriation or destruction of cultural heritage and historical memory, the targeted persecution of pro-Ukrainian activists, the imposition of Russia’s education system in temporarily occupied territories and the segregation of residents of the occupied territories from Ukraine’s information space. The author argues that it is necessary to take into account acts of cultural genocide for further qualification of crimes committed by the Russian Federation in Ukraine as genocide and bring it to justice for the crime of genocide by international and national law. To facilitate these processes, there is a need for further establishment of the recognition of crimes of cultural genocide in the system of international law.
NUCLEAR DETERRENCE AND NUCLEAR INTIMIDATION IN RUSSIA’S POLICY
Authors: Izhak Oleksii 
Published: November 2022

Nuclear weapons play a key role in Russia’s security thinking. Concepts of the use or threat of use of nuclear weapons by the Russian Federation include both doctrinally defined nuclear deterrence and doctrinally indefinite nuclear intimidation. The latter has become a central element of the hybrid war waged by Russia. The failure to achieve the initial goals of Russian large-scale military aggression against Ukraine, which began on 24 February 2022, has affected Russia’s nuclear policy. The criteria for the use of nuclear weapons in conventional warfare and the forms of nuclear intimidation have changed.
The effectiveness of Russia’s nuclear policy depends on the degree of compliance of its components with established international norms, formed within the framework of the global nuclear non-proliferation regime. These norms can be defined as the global nuclear order. Russia’s policy of nuclear intimidation falls out of this order and creates a “nuclear disorder”. Currently, it is losing effectiveness for the Russian leadership, since it is increasingly seen as a “nuclear bluff”. Russia is trying to hide its nuclear intimidation behind the doctrinal provisions of nuclear deterrence, which generally remains effective.
In the war against Ukraine, Russia is actively trying to artificially create criteria for the use of nuclear weapons that would formally correspond to the global nuclear order, while leaving room for nuclear intimidation. In particular, this may explain accusations against Ukraine of developing weapons of mass destruction and Russia’s attempts to annex the temporarily occupied Ukrainian territories as soon as possible.
The creation of a postwar architecture of international security will require bringing Russian nuclear policy to the norms of the global nuclear order.
PHYSICO-CHEMICAL STATUS OF WATER AT THE VICINITY OF ST. MARTIN’S ISLAND, BAY OF BENGAL, BANGLADESH
Authors: Mehedi M.Y. , Islam S. , Azam K. , Kamal D. 
Published: November 2022

Surface water around two stations of the St. Martin’s Island stretching 12 km south from southern most part of main land located in Ukhia and Teknaf were collected monthly during low tide and were analyzed for different hydrological parameters. The maximum and minimum values of water temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen (DO), pH, water transparency, phosphate-phosphorous (PO4-P), nitrate -nitrogen (NO3-N), nitrite-nitrogen (NO2-N), ammonia-nitrogen (NH3-N) were noted as 27.9 and 25.6°C, 34.93 and 31.40 ppt., 8.71 and 6.35 mg l - 1 , pH 9.39 and 7.2, 74.86 and 52.40 cm, 18.02 and 7.28 mg l - 1 , 3.61 and 0.72 mg l -1 , 1.88 and 0.07 mg l -1 , and 1.92 and 0.08 mg l -1 respectively. During the period of investigation, the values of DO showed inverse relationship with salinity and water temperature. Nutrient contents in the investigated areas were much higher.
Double-Bind, Baleful Hope:Peithô’s Constraint in theOresteia
Authors: Karas Allannah 
Published: November 2022

AbstractAt key moments of decision and action throughout Aeschylus's Oresteia, central characters actively or passively engage with the power of peithô (“inducement” or “agreeable compulsion”). The etymological and mythopoetic traditions of peithô, however, reveal deep roots in magical constraint and force. This paper demonstrates how, from Agamemnon through to the end of Eumenides, peithô enacts a magical double-bind upon nearly all of the characters: deluding them with power, producing mental weakness, shifting power dynamics, and occasioning potential (or actual) ruin. Only the Olympians wield peithô with impunity and, through it, maintain control within the new social structure.
Alcibiades's Epiphanic Experience in Plato'sSymposium
Authors: Petraki Zacharoula 
Published: November 2022

AbstractIn Plato's Symposium, Alcibiades resorts to the imagery of art and describes the Socratic virtues in terms of “divine statues.” In this paper, I argue that Plato makes Alcibiades use the poetics of divine salvific and erotic epiphany in order to describe his (quasi) epiphanic experience at the sight of Socrates at Potidaia, Delion, and Agathon's house. First, I offer a brief account of scholarly views on this imagery and of my own contribution. Then, I discuss Alcibiades's Bacchic experience with Socrates qua Silenus, and I examine those passages in which Plato turns traditional epiphanic language to his own ends.
Theater, Performance, and Illusion in OvidMetamorphoses11
Authors: Sacks Edward S. 
Published: November 2022

AbstractThemes of theater, performance, and illusion course through Metamorphoses 11. The theme of “theater” and its disintegration is established in the opening Orpheus episode and culminates in Ceyx-Alcyone, where Morpheus's self-conscious acting in Alcyone's dream shatters the usual harmony between actor and role. The unveiling of theater is also connected with the unveiling of metamorphosis. This latter disruption, in the Peleus-Thetis episode, involves crucial disclosures about metamorphosis by one metamorphic deity Proteus to defeat the transformations of another (Thetis). These disintegrations are part of connected motifs, wherein art, artist, and metamorphosis are severed into component parts and exposed to view.