bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sensorimotor development of male and female rats subjected to neonatal anoxia
Authors: Kumar Amrita Jha , Helou Ammir Yacoub , Petrucelli Bruna Arruda , Xavier Gilberto Fernando , Martins Daniel Oliveira , Chacur Marucia , Nogueira Maria Inês 
Published: July 2022

AbstractNeonatal hypoxic‐ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is one of the most important reasons for morbidity and mortality in term‐born infants. HIE impacts early somatic, neurological, and motor development including social. To illustrate the damages in the sensorimotor system, an adapted and validated model of neonatal anoxia is used. This study evaluated the sex differences in Wistar rats, neurological reflex, and motor development at the suckling period. Short‐ and long‐term impairments associated with sex differences were observed. In general, anoxic males were more affected in comparison to their control group and to anoxic females. Long‐lasting effects of the injury in adolescent rats predominately affected males. Similar to previous studies, we also found a decrease in the number of the substantia nigra cells in both sexes, compared to their control. So far, the results indicate that HIE caused neurobehavioral alterations and asymmetrical motor behavior with brain damage, possibly related to cognitive impairments previously observed at adolescence. These alterations may represent a useful endpoint for studying the efficacy of potential strategies that may improve the developmental consequences of a perinatal asphyxia insult in humans.
An efficient early‐pooling protocol for environmental DNA metabarcoding
Authors: Ushio Masayuki , Furukawa Saori , Murakami Hiroaki , Masuda Reiji , Nagano Atsushi J. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractEnvironmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding, a method that applies high‐throughput sequencing and universal primer sets to eDNA analysis, has been a promising approach for efficient, comprehensive biodiversity monitoring. However, significant money‐, labor‐, and time‐costs are still required for performing eDNA metabarcoding. In this study, we assessed the performance of an “early‐pooling” protocol (a protocol based on 1st PCR tagging) to reduce the experimental costs of library preparation for eDNA metabarcoding. Specifically, we performed three experiments to investigate the effects of 1st PCR‐tagging and 2nd PCR‐indexing protocols on the community composition revealed by eDNA metabarcoding, the effects of post‐1st PCR exonuclease purification on tag jumping (corresponds to index hopping in 2nd PCR indexing), and the effects of the number of PCR replicates and the eDNA template volume on the number of detected OTUs. Analyses of 204 eDNA libraries from three natural aquatic ecosystems and one mock eDNA sample showed that (i) 1st PCR tagging does not cause clear biases in the outcomes of eDNA metabarcoding, (ii) post‐1st PCR exonuclease purification reduces the risk of tag jumping, and (iii) increasing the eDNA template volume may increase the number of detected OTUs and reduce variations in the detected community compositions, similar to increasing the number of 1st PCR replicates. Our results show that an early‐pooling protocol with post‐1st PCR exonuclease purification and an increased amount of the DNA template reduces the risk of tag jumping, the costs for consumables and reagents (except for many tagged 1st PCR primers), and the handling time in library preparation, and produces similar results to a 2nd PCR‐indexing protocol. Therefore, once a target metabarcoding region is selected and a set of tagged‐1st PCR primers is prepared, the early‐pooling protocol provides a cost, labor, and time‐efficient approach for processing a large number of samples.
Materials for evaporation‐driven hydrovoltaic technology
Authors: Zheng Chunxiao , Chu Weicun , Fang Sunmiao , Tan Jin , Wang Xiaofan , Guo Wanlin 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWater constitutes the largest energy carrier on earth, absorbing more than 70% of the solar energy received by the earth's surface, yet its low exploitation has been a constant concern. The hydrovoltaic effect is an emerging technology that generates electricity through the direct interaction between nanomaterials and water of various forms (raindrops, waves, flows, moisture, and natural evaporation). Especially, the evaporation‐driven hydrovoltaic effect is a spontaneous and ubiquitous process that can directly convert thermal energy from the surrounding environment into electricity without the demand for additional mechanical work, which shows unique advantages compared with other hydrovoltaic effects. A variety of nanostructured materials have been steadily developed for evaporation‐driven hydrovoltaic devices (EHDs) in recent years. However, there has been a lack of a clear specification on the selection and design of materials for improving device performance. Herein, we first analyze the mechanisms of EHDs followed by a summarization of the recent advances in materials, including carbon materials, biomass‐based materials, metal oxides, composite materials, and others. We then discuss the strategies for improving the energy conversion efficiency and the output power in terms of structural design, surface modification, and interface treatment. Finally, we provide an outlook on the potential applications of electricity generation, sensors, and desalination technology, as well as the challenges and prospects for the development of this emerging technology in the future.
Zombie enterprises, crowding out effect, and total factor productivity: Empirical evidence from Chinese manufacturing listed companies
Authors: Shao Wei , Sun Yangyang , Bai Xiao , Naeem Muhammad Abubakr , Taghizadeh‐Hesary Farhad 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDue to special historical factors and government preferences, many zombie enterprises with subsidies and credit as the main source of income can be maintained in China. Zombie enterprises damage the fair position of market players and cause irreparable damage to the market mechanism, with efficiency as the core. This study chooses factor productivity as the starting point and uses the financial data of listed manufacturing companies from 2008 to 2016 as the sample to explore and evaluate the damage of zombie enterprises to the production efficiency of the Chinese market. The main contributions of this study are as follows. First, zombie enterprises in listed companies are identified by a comprehensive identification method. Second, the growth rate of the total factor productivity of non‐zombie enterprises is measured by the DEA Malmquist index method, the crowding‐out effect of zombie enterprises on TFP growth of normal enterprises is studied, and the specific transmission path is analysed. The empirical results show that zombie enterprises have a significant inhibitory effect on the total factor productivity growth of non‐zombie enterprises, verifying our conjecture at the macro level. Finally, on the basis of theoretical and empirical analyses, this paper puts forward some policy suggestions to help zombie enterprises clear up to promote the growth of total factor productivity of non‐zombie enterprises and the healthy development of the entire industry.
The macroeconomic effects of unconventional monetary policies in a commodity‐exporting economy: Evidence from Mongolia
Authors: Doojav Gan‐Ochir , Damdinjav Davaasukh 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis paper examines the macroeconomic effects of unconventional monetary policies in Mongolia, a developing and commodity‐exporting economy. Within a Bayesian structural vector autoregression framework, central bank balance sheet, policy rate, demand, and supply shocks are identified using a combination of sign and zero restrictions. An expansionary balance sheet shock stimulates bank lending and M2, decreases interest rate spread, leads to a depreciation of the domestic currency, and increases output and consumer prices. The estimated output and consumer price effects are qualitatively similar to the effects of conventional monetary policy, while the impacts on the exchange rate and foreign exchange reserves are different. We also find favourable evidence for the delayed overshooting response of the exchange rate to the balance sheet shock and reveal that financial friction amplifies the effects of demand and supply shocks on the Mongolian economy.
Early cervical cancer diagnosis using Sooty tern‐optimized CNN‐LSTM classifier
Authors: Chitra B. , Kumar S. S. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractDetecting and categorizing Pap smear images automatically has been a difficult task over the past five decades. There is a significant need for the design and implementation of low‐cost, high‐efficiency screening systems. To address these issues, we have proposed a novel approach for cervical cancer classification. At first, each image is pre‐processed and cropped into 2043*1362 pixels. These images are separated into 681*681 pixels with six square patches. Image augmentation techniques such as image enhancement, image flipping, and image rotation are used to reduce the number of parameters necessary for subsequent processes. The cancer‐affected regions are correctly segmented with the help of kernel weighted fuzzy local information c‐means clustering (KWFLICM) model. The KWFLICM model mainly extracts the cytoplasm and nucleus present in the cell from the background region. The features of the cervical image are extracted using a convolution neural network (CNN), and these retrieved features, such as shape, color, and texture, are crucial for classification. Finally, the Sooty Tern Optimization (STO) algorithm with CNN‐based long short‐term memory classifier (CNN‐LSTM) identifies the four types of CC: normal, light dysplastic, severe dysplastic, and carcinoma. The images for the experiment were obtained from Herlev University Hospital in Denmark, and the software used for the implementation was MATLAB. According to the comparative analysis, the proposed CNN‐LSTM with STO algorithm demonstrates better results using various measures such as accuracy, specificity, sensitivity, and F‐score. Depending upon the experimental results, the proposed CNN‐LSTM with STO algorithm provides 99.80% accuracy, 99% specificity, 98.83% sensitivity, and 97.8 F‐score. The proposed methodology offers an improvement of 28.5% and 19.46% when compared with the random forest and ensemble classifier.
Framework for Operational Resilience in Engineering and System Test (FOREST) Part I: Methodology – Responding to “Security as a Functional Requirement”
Authors: McDermott Tom , Clifford Megan M. , Sherburne Tim , Horowitz Barry , Beling Peter A. 
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACTAn end‐to‐end methodology for addressing cyber resilience as a development and test philosophy in a system is described. Although focused on cybersecurity, the methodology applies to any resilience concerns and features of a system. Resilience is a functional characteristic of a system, requiring a process to evaluate the function of different aspects of a system under attack or disruption. The result of this process is a set of functional requirements and functional views of cyber resilience processes in a model‐based systems engineering tool. The methodology consists of a meta‐process model called the Framework for Operational Resilience in Engineering and System Test (FOREST) and a reference architecture metamodel called Mission Aware. In practice these are used to make security and related resilience decisions in capability development using a standard, risk‐based approach for cybersecurity requirements development. Part I of this article describes the methodology and Part II presents its use in a case study of a fictional weapon system called Silverfish.
Inside Cover
Authors: Jiang Daohuai , Xu Yifei , Lan Hengrong , Shen Yuting , Zhang Yifan , Gao Feng , Liu Li , Gao Fei 
Published: July 2022

Photoacoustic tomography (PAT) is a novel biomedical imaging modality. An imaging size‐adjustable PAT system is proposed for potential clinical applications such as breast cancer detection and screening, which can adapt to imaging targets with various sizes. Four sectorial ultrasound transducer arrays are applied for photoacoustic signal detections. The simulation, phantom study and in‐vivo experiments have verified its feasibility and showed high potential to promote the PAT system for wider clinical applications with enhanced flexibility.Further details can be found in the article by Daohuai Jiang, Yifei Xu, Hengrong Lan, Yuting Shen, Yifan Zhang, Feng Gao, Li Liu, and Fei Gao (e202200070)
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Evodiamine inhibits stemness and metastasis by altering the SOX9–β‐catenin axis in non‐small‐cell lung cancer
Authors: Panda Munmun , Biswal Bijesh K. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractEvodiamine (EVO), a natural dietary alkaloid extracted from the roots of the Evodia rutaecarpa, has shown anticancer activities. Here, we have investigated EVO's role in inhibiting cell proliferation and migration in A549 and NCI‐H522 lung cancer cells. EVO decreased the cell viability in A549 and NCI‐H522 cells in a dose‐ and time‐dependent manner. It also induced apoptosis by downregulating the expression of antiapoptotic Bcl‐2 and upregulating the expression of cleaved caspase‐3 and PARP. In addition, the treatment of EVO elevated the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation inside the cells to induce the cell death pathways. In contrast, the pretreatment of ROS scavenger, N‐acetyl cysteine, reverses the effect of EVO and attenuates cell death. Moreover, excess ROS generation in response to EVO resulted in the depletion of mitochondrial membrane potential. Furthermore, it induced DNA damage and arrested the cell cycle at the G2/M phase in A549 and NCI‐H522 cells. Our study also investigated that EVO significantly suppressed tumorigenicity by inhibiting colony formation and tumorsphere formation. However, the treatment of EVO downregulated the cancer stem cell markers CD44 and CD133 in non‐small‐cell lung cancer. The inhibitory effect of EVO on cell invasion was mediated by altering the expression of E‐cadherin, ZO‐1, N‐cadherin, and Vimentin. Additionally, we have revealed that EVO treatment showed downregulation of SOX9, an upstream component of β‐catenin. Lastly, we have demonstrated that EVO targets the SOX9–β‐catenin axis by reducing SOX9 and β‐catenin expression. These findings suggested that EVO could be a promising agent for treating human lung cancer.
Homosalate boosts the release of tumour‐derived extracellular vesicles with protection against anchorage‐loss property
Authors: Grisard Eleonora , Nevo Nathalie , Lescure Aurianne , Doll Sebastian , Corbé Maxime , Jouve Mabel , Lavieu Gregory , Joliot Alain , Nery Elaine Del , Martin‐Jaular Lorena , Théry Clotilde 
Published: July 2022

AbstractEukaryotic cells, including cancer cells, secrete highly heterogeneous populations of extracellular vesicles (EVs). EVs could have different subcellular origin, composition and functional properties, but tools to distinguish between EV subtypes are scarce. Here, we tagged CD63‐ or CD9‐positive EVs secreted by triple negative breast cancer cells with Nanoluciferase enzyme, to set‐up a miniaturized method to quantify secretion of these two EV subtypes directly in the supernatant of cells. We performed a cell‐based high‐content screening to identify clinically‐approved drugs able to affect EV secretion. One of the identified hits is Homosalate, an anti‐inflammatory drug found in sunscreens which robustly increased EVs’ release. Comparing EVs induced by Homosalate with those induced by Bafilomycin A1, we demonstrate that: (1) the two drugs act on EVs generated in distinct subcellular compartments, and (2) EVs released by Homosalate‐, but not by Bafilomycin A1‐treated cells enhance resistance to anchorage loss in another recipient epithelial tumour cell line. In conclusion, we identified a new drug modifying EV release and demonstrated that under influence of different drugs, triple negative breast cancer cells release EV subpopulations from different subcellular origins harbouring distinct functional properties.
日本救急医学会 救急point–of–care超音波診療指針(Guidance for Clinical Practice using Emergency and Point–of–Care Ultrasonography)
Authors: (Committee for the Promotion of Point-of-Care Ultrasonograph 日本救急医学会Point-of-Care超音波推進委員会 
Published: July 2022

要旨超音波装置の小型化とベッドサイドへの普及により，超音波検査は救急現場で積極的に利用されるようになった。医療従事者がベッドサイドで観察範囲を絞り，臨床決断と侵襲的手技の質向上のために実施する超音波検査はpoint–of–care ultrasonography（POCUS）と呼ばれる。その概念は世界中で広く共有されるようになったが，本邦ではfocused assessment with sonography for trauma（FAST）と超音波ガイド下中心静脈穿刺を除き，POCUSに関する正式な指針はこれまで存在しなかった。日本救急医学会Point–of–Care超音波推進委員会では，POCUSを用いた救急診療の質向上について議論を繰り返し，日本救急医学会からの認証を得て救急point–of–care超音波診療指針としてまとめた。この指針では，背景，救急科専門医の到達目標，その論文的根拠，領域横断的な活用について述べる。到達目標の主要項目には，超音波の基礎，上気道，胸部，心臓，腹部，深部静脈，ガイド下手技，症候別評価が含まれる。また将来主要項目になる可能性があるものは付加項目として広く言及した。この指針は救急科専門医にとっての超音波検査の概要と方向性を示すものであり，救急超音波教育のために利用できる。この指針をきっかけに，本邦の救急診療の現場で超音波検査が効果的に利用されることを願う。
Morphology of ctenostome bryozoans: 5. Sundanella, with description of a new species from the Western Atlantic and the Multiporata concept
Authors: Schwaha Thomas , Winston Judith E. , Gordon Dennis P. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCtenostome bryozoans are a small group of gymnolaemates that comprise only a few hundred described species. Soft‐tissue morphology remains the most important source for analysing morphological characters and inferring relationships within this clade. The current study focuses on the genus Sundanella, for which morphological data is scarce to almost absent. We studied two species of the genus, including one new to science, using histology and three‐dimensional reconstruction techniques and confocal laser scanning microscopy. Sundanella generally has a thick, sometimes arborescent cuticle and multiporous interzooidal pore plates. The lophophore is bilateral with an oral rejection tract and generally has 30 or 31 tentacles in both species. The digestive tract shows a large cardia in S. floridensis sp. nov. and an extremely elongated intestine in Sundanella sibogae. Both terminate via a vestibular anus. Only parietodiaphragmatic muscles are present and four to six duplicature bands. Both species show a large broad frontal duplicature band further splitting into four individual bands. The collar is vestibular. Sundanella sibogae shows highly vacuolated cells at the diaphragm, whereas S. floridensis sp. nov. has unique glandular pouches at the diaphragmal area of the tentacle sheath. Such apertural glands have never been encountered in other ctenostomes. Both species of Sundanella are brooders that brood embryos either in the vestibular or cystid wall. Taken together, the current analysis shows numerous characteristics that refute an assignment of Sundanella to victorellid ctenostomes, which only show superficial resemblance, but differ substantially in most of their soft‐body morphological traits. Instead, a close relationship with other multiporate ctenostomes is evident and the families Pherusellidae, Flustrellidrae and Sundanellidae should be summarized as clade ‘Multiporata’ in the future.
Real‐time and in situ monitoring of organosilicon‐induced thiram penetration into cabbage leaves by surface‐enhanced Raman scattering mapping
Authors: Pan Ting‐tiao , Guo Meiting , Lu Ping , Hu Deyu 
Published: July 2022

AbstractBACKGROUNDUnderstanding pesticide penetration behavior is important for effective application of pesticides. However, there is a lack of an effective method to monitor pesticide penetration behavior and its changing process. In the present study, a novel surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) mapping method was used for real‐time and in situ tracking of the penetration behaviors of thiram and thiram–organosilicon mixture on cabbage leaves.RESULTSThe results suggest that thiram has very weak ability to penetrate into cabbage leaves. However, when the thiram–organosilicon mixture was placed on leaf surfaces, a clear thiram signal was detected inside the leaf after 2 h of exposure, a strong signal was observed after 12 h, and the penetration depth of thiram was approximately 200 μm after 48 h.CONCLUSIONSERS mapping was demonstrated to be a reliable method for in situ monitoring of organosilicon‐induced thiram penetration into cabbage leaf over time. The present study provides a new reference for rationally selecting adjuvants, effectively applying pesticides, and reducing pesticides residue in food. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Physical forcing of phytoplankton dynamics in the Al‐Wajh lagoon (Red Sea)
Authors: Zhan Peng , Krokos George , Gittings John A. , Raitsos Dionysios E. , Guo Daquan , Papagiannopoulos Nikolaos , Hoteit Ibrahim 
Published: July 2022

AbstractCoastal lagoons are biodiversity hotspots that support neighboring ecosystems and various services. They can exhibit distinct biophysical characteristics compared to the adjacent open sea and act paradoxically as autonomous ecosystems. Using remotely sensed observations and state‐of‐the‐art numerical simulations, the role of water column hydrodynamics in shaping the seasonal succession of phytoplankton biomass was investigated for a non‐estuarine coastal lagoon situated in the northeastern Red Sea. Observations reveal that seasonal phytoplankton blooms inside the lagoon occur during a distinctively different period compared to the adjacent open sea. We provide evidence that this striking difference is due to the contrasting hydrodynamic conditions between inside and outside the lagoon, through their effects on stratification that regulate nutrient availability and hence favorable conditions to sustain rapid phytoplankton growth. The proposed mechanism may offer new insights into understanding the biophysical dynamics of non‐estuarine coastal lagoons in other tropical regions of the global oceans.
Wide Range X‐Ray to Infrared Photon Detection and Energy Storage in LiTaO3:Bi3+,Dy3+ Perovskite
Authors: Lyu Tianshuai , Dorenbos Pieter , Li Canhua , Wei Zhanhua 
Published: July 2022

AbstractIt is challenging to obtain a material that can detect photons ranging from X‐rays to infrared light. Such materials have promising use to develop advanced applications like in information storage, anticounterfeiting, or X‐ray imaging. This article reports on such a material; LiTaO3:xBi3+,yDy3+ perovskite phosphor. Experimental spectroscopy, thermoluminescence, and vacuum referred binding energy diagram (VRBE) construction are combined to study the trapping processes of charge carriers. The VRBEs in the ground or excited states of Bi3+ and Bi2+ are discussed. Bi3+ emerges to act as a ≈1.3 eV deep hole capturing center and it may possibly also act as a 0.80 ± 0.5 eV deep electron trapping center. A linear relation between the amount of stored charge carriers and a photochromic phenomenon both induced by X‐rays or 254 nm UV‐light charging appears. The stored charge carriers in LiTaO3:xBi3+,yDy3+ are removed by heating or with an optically stimulated process with 365 nm UV light to 850 nm infrared laser. More than 3 or 40 h of Bi3+ and Dy3+ based white afterglow is measurable in LiTaO3:0.005Bi3+,0.004Dy3+ after exposure to X‐rays or 254 nm UV light. Proof‐of‐concept light detection applications like 2D information storage and anticounterfeiting or X‐ray imaging are demonstrated by using the phtotochromic and white afterglow LiTaO3:xBi3+,yDy3+ phosphors.