bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Herpes simplex virus and rates of cognitive decline or whole brain atrophy in the Dominantly Inherited Alzheimer Network
Authors: Warren‐Gash Charlotte , Cadogan Sharon L. , Nicholas Jennifer M. , Breuer Judith M. , Shah Divya , Pearce Neil , Shiekh Suhail , Smeeth Liam , Farlow Martin R. , Mori Hiroshi , Gordon Brian A. , Nuebling Georg , McDade Eric , Bateman Randall J. , Schofield Peter R. , Lee Jae‐Hong , Morris John C. , Cash David M. , Fox Nick C. , Ridha Basil H. , Rossor Martin N. ,   for the Dominantly Inherited Alzheimer Network
Published: October 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate whether herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV‐1) infection was associated with rates of cognitive decline or whole brain atrophy among individuals from the Dominantly Inherited Alzheimer Network (DIAN).MethodsAmong two subsets of the DIAN cohort (age range 19.6–66.6 years; median follow‐up 3.0 years) we examined (i) rate of cognitive decline (N = 164) using change in mini‐mental state examination (MMSE) score, (ii) rate of whole brain atrophy (N = 149), derived from serial MR imaging, calculated using the boundary shift integral (BSI) method. HSV‐1 antibodies were assayed in baseline sera collected from 2009–2015. Linear mixed‐effects models were used to compare outcomes by HSV‐1 seropositivity and high HSV‐1 IgG titres/IgM status.ResultsThere was no association between baseline HSV‐1 seropositivity and rates of cognitive decline or whole brain atrophy. Having high HSV‐1 IgG titres/IgM was associated with a slightly greater decline in MMSE points per year (difference in slope − 0.365, 95% CI: −0.958 to −0.072), but not with rate of whole brain atrophy. Symptomatic mutation carriers declined fastest on both MMSE and BSI measures, however, this was not influenced by HSV‐1. Among asymptomatic mutation carriers, rates of decline on MMSE and BSI were slightly greater among those who were HSV‐1 seronegative. Among mutation‐negative individuals, no differences were seen by HSV‐1. Stratifying by APOE4 status yielded inconsistent results.InterpretationWe found no evidence for a major role of HSV‐1, measured by serum antibodies, in cognitive decline or whole brain atrophy among individuals at high risk of early‐onset AD.
Are Halide‐Perovskites Suitable Materials for Battery and Solar‐Battery Applications–Fundamental Reconsiderations on Solubility, Lithium Intercalation, and Photo‐Corrosion
Authors: Büttner Jan , Berestok Taisiia , Burger Stephan , Schmitt Manuel , Daub Michael , Hillebrecht Harald , Krossing Ingo , Fischer Anna 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn recent years the development of autonomous photo‐rechargeable batteries has received growing attention. Especially highly integrated photobatteries based on multifunctional materials able to harvest sunlight and store charge carriers are the holy grail amongst such devices. Recently 2‐(1‐cyclohexenyl)ethyl ammonium lead iodide (CHPI) has been reported as multifunctional photoelectrode material for the design of highly integrated Li‐ion photobatteries. CHPI is thereby believed to be able to reversibly intercalate Li‐ions from polar carbonate‐based electrolytes, typically used in Li‐ion batteries (LIBs). Herein, CHPI is examined closer to investigate its stability against dissolution, the possibility of Li‐intercalation and photo‐assisted deintercalation, and its general behavior under illumination in standard carbonate‐based electrolytes as well as in a newly developed low polarity electrolyte based on ortho‐difluorobenzene (o‐DFB). This study demonstrates that CHPI dissolves in contact with carbonate‐based electrolytes while being stable in o‐DFB‐based electrolyte and that no Li‐intercalation takes place in the latter. Furthermore, CHPI irreversibly photo‐corrodes during illumination and photo‐assisted deintercalation of lithium ions is not detected. These results lead to the conclusion, that CHPI is neither a suitable nor a stable material for the design of Li‐ion‐based photo‐rechargeable batteries and similar behavior for other organic–inorganic lead halide perovskite materials is expected.
Catalytic Biomaterials and Nanomedicines with Exogenous and Endogenous Activations
Authors: Huang Hui , Wang Zeyu , Chen Liang , Yu Hong , Chen Yu 
Published: October 2022

AbstractCatalytic therapy can concurrently enhance therapeutic efficacy and decrease side effects by converting less toxic or nontoxic endogenous substances into various highly toxic reactive species (e.g., toxic radicals) to induce cell apoptosis/necrosis, which has been exploited to combat different types of diseases. As material science and nanotechnology evolve for application in disease therapies, a variety of catalytic biomaterials and nanomedicines have been elaborately designed and synthesized to mediate catalytic reactions and/or enhance the corresponding catalytic treatment efficacy. This review systematically summarizes, outlines, and discusses the state‐of‐the‐art advances in the development and use of catalytic biomaterials and nanomedicines in diverse biomedical applications, particularly concentrating on their endogenous activators, exogenous stimuli (e.g., light, heat, ultrasound, and magnetic field), and the integration of endogenous and exogenous triggers to improve the efficacy of biomaterial/nanomedicine‐enabled catalytic treatments. The biosafety and biocompatibility of various catalytic biomaterials and nanomedicines for biomedical applications are also discussed. Finally, the current challenges and future opportunities for advancement of catalytic biomaterials and nanomedicines are highlighted, aiming to boost their early fulfillment of practical clinical applications.
Current Status of Korea's Industry–Academia Cooperation in Materials and Future Policy Directions
Authors: Kim Sung Soo 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe current status and policy directions of Republic of Korea's industry–academia cooperation in materials research are introduced. Industry–academia cooperation has various forms, such as contract research, joint research, technology transfer, technology assistance, as well as talent development between universities and industry. The actual characteristics of industry–academia cooperation are differentiated, depending on research models such as curiosity‐driven research, market‐driven research, and scenario‐driven research. In addition, there are diverse forms of cooperation, ranging from attaining one‐off cooperation goals, to implementing a series of cooperation, to forging sustainable partnership through sharing of values. The efforts and tasks supporting industry–academia cooperation, and the diverse industry–academia cooperative activities, are considered herein from the perspective of the Korean government's policy. Policy recommendations for the industry–academia cooperation, based on the current state and tasks of materials field, are also suggested.
Light‐Triggered Sustainable Defect‐Passivation for Stable Perovskite Photovoltaics
Authors: Shi Yi‐Ran , Wang Kai‐Li , Lou Yan‐Hui , Liu Gen‐Lin , Chen Chun‐Hao , Chen Jing , Zhang Liang , Wang Zhao‐Kui 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe generation of photoinduced defects and freely moving halogen ions is dynamically updated in real time. Accordingly, most reported strategies are static and short‐term, which make their improvements in photostability very limited. Therefore, seeking new passivation strategies to match the dynamic characteristics of defect generation is very urgent. Without newly generated defects, a passivation molecule should exist in the configuration that would not become the initiation sites for defect generation. With newly generated defects, the passivation molecule should transfer into the other configuration that possesses the passivation sites. Herein, a classical photoisomeric molecule, spiropyran, is adopted, whose pre‐ and post‐isomeric forms meet the requirements for two different configurations, to realize the state transition once the photoinduced defects appear during subsequent operation and dynamic capture for continuous renewal of defects. Consequently, spiropyrans work as light‐triggered and self‐healing sustainable passivation sites to realize continuous defect repair. The target devices retain 93% and 99% of their initial power conversion efficiencies after 456 h aging under ultraviolet illumination and 1200 h aging under full‐spectrum illumination, respectively. This work provides a novel concept of sustainable passivation strategy to realize continuous defect‐passivation and film‐healing in perovskite photovoltaics.
Modulation of Polymer Brush Properties by Tuning Dispersity
Authors: Pester Christian W. , Benetti Edmondo M. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractModulating the structural parameters of polymer brushes represents a versatile approach for adjusting the interfacial and physicochemical properties of macroscopic and nanoscopic materials. In addition to molar mass and grafting density (σ), dispersity (Ð) is emerging as an alternative means to tune interfacial characteristics, especially when polymer brushes are applied to formulate composite materials, or when these are grown from substrates that are intended to encounter biological media. Here it is highlighted how a variation of Ð can be exploited to generate polymer interfaces with strikingly different properties while retaining their chemical composition. In addition, it is outlined how tuning of Ð of a polymer brush is enabled by recent advances in polymer chemistry, for example, reversible deactivation radical polymerizations (RDRPs), and/or by exploiting alternative expedients during the grafting process.
Laminated Transparent Woods with Adjustable Optical and Enhanced Mechanical Properties
Authors: Wu Jiamin , Liang Yunyi , Xia Changlei , Ma Xinxin , Fei Benhua , Wu Yingji , Ge Shengbo , Lu Jianxiong , Li Jianzhang , Xia Zhenhai 
Published: October 2022

AbstractTransparent wood is promising for energy‐saving buildings, but its poor mechanical properties in transverse direction dramatically limit its applications. To resolve the problem, a novel processing technology is developed to fabricate laminated transparent woods. Various kinds of transparent woods are prepared by stacking partially impregnated woods in different styles and then compressing them. The wood template contents in these transparent woods are significantly increased by the partial impregnation compared with traditional full impregnation. The influence of lamination structures on the properties of the transparent woods is also evaluated. As the number of laminate layers increases from one to three, the optical transmittance reduces from ≈70% to 44%, respectively, while the haze increases from 32% to 66%. The isotropy of scatter light distribution could be achieved by controlling lamination structures for more uniformity in indoor illumination. The mechanical properties of the transparent woods are dramatically enhanced, and the highest tensile and flexural strength can reach 134.0 and 192.3 MPa, respectively. Additionally, the direction‐dependence of mechanical strength is reduced by cross‐laminating. The adjustable optical features, excellent mechanical strengths, and low thermal conductivity endow the prepared transparent woods a promising candidate for energy‐efficient buildings applications.
Broadband and Output‐Controllable Triboelectric Nanogenerator Enabled by Coupling Swing‐Rotation Switching Mechanism with Potential Energy Storage/Release Strategy for Low‐Frequency Mechanical Energy Harvesting
Authors: Cao Bao , Wang Peihong , Rui Pinshu , Wei Xiaoxiang , Wang Zixun , Yang Yaowen , Tu Xinbo , Chen Chen , Wang Zhongzhu , Yang Zhuoqing , Jiang Tao , Cheng Jia , Wang Zhong Lin 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIrregular and low‐frequency mechanical energy, including ocean energy, is widely distributed but mostly wasted. Triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) has been proved as a very promising ocean energy harvesting technology. However, the traditional cylindrical pendulum TENG (CP‐TENG) can only work effectively in a narrow frequency bandwidth. In this work, a triboelectric nanogenerator enabled by coupling the swing‐rotation switching mechanism with a potential energy storage/release strategy (SR‐TENG) is presented. It can convert various swing/vibration mechanical energies into electric energy, and it has a controllable output performance whether it works under intermittent rotation mode or continuous rotation mode. This coupling results enable SR‐TENG to efficiently harvest low‐frequency mechanical energy from 0.3 to 5 Hz. Therefore, its bandwidth is about four times larger than that of CP‐TENG. The peak power density of SR‐TENG can reach 10.1 W m−3 at 1.8 Hz and 15.4 W m−3 at 5 Hz, respectively. Moreover, its durability is improved greatly due to its non‐contact working mode. Based on this SR‐TENG, several applications toward smart ocean, including a self‐powered and wireless hydrological information monitoring system, are demonstrated successfully. These strategies are very helpful to improve the bandwidth, the output performance, and the durability of TENGs.
Interdot Lead Halide Excess Management in PbS Quantum Dot Solar Cells
Authors: Albaladejo‐Siguan Miguel , Becker‐Koch David , Baird Elizabeth C. , Hofstetter Yvonne J. , Carwithen Ben P. , Kirch Anton , Reineke Sebastian , Bakulin Artem A. , Paulus Fabian , Vaynzof Yana 
Published: October 2022

AbstractLight‐harvesting devices made from lead sulfide quantum dot (QD) absorbers are one of the many promising technologies of third‐generation photovoltaics. Their simple, solution‐based fabrication, together with a highly tunable and broad light absorption makes their application in newly developed solar cells, particularly promising. In order to yield devices with reduced voltage and current losses, PbS QDs need to have strategically passivated surfaces, most commonly achieved through lead iodide and bromide passivation. The interdot spacing is then predominantly filled with residual amorphous lead halide species that remain from the ligand exchange, thus hindering efficient charge transport and reducing device stability. Herein, it is demonstrated that a post‐treatment by iodide‐based 2‐phenylethlyammonium salts and intermediate 2D perovskite formation can be used to manage the lead halide excess in the PbS QD active layer. This treatment results in improved device performance and increased shelf‐life stability, demonstrating the importance of interdot spacing management in PbS QD photovoltaics.
Event‐related potential and neuropsychological function in depressed older adults with cognitive impairment: A correlational study
Authors: Khan Zainab , Saif Ashi , Chaudhry Neera , Parveen Adila 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundIncreased depression severity has been linked to cognitive functioning impairment, such as deficits in episodic memory and executive function, causing difficulties in planning strategies, which ultimately lead to impaired decision‐making functions. There are number of ways to assess cognitive functions, two most important and routinely done tests are neuropsychological test battery (NBT) and event‐related potentials (ERPs).ObjectiveThis study examines the relationship between conventional neuropsychological tests assessing various cognitive domains and an ERP‐P300 in depressed older adults.MethodsForty‐six depressed elderly subjects participated in the study. NBT (Pennsylvania's Penn Computerized Neurocognitive Battery [Penn CNP]) assessing attention, episodic memory, working memory, social cognition, complex cognition, and sensorimotor speed and ERP‐P300 (amplitude μV and latency ms) was recorded using an auditory oddball paradigm.ResultsCorrelation test was run and Pearson’s analysis and revealed that there was a negative statistically significant linear correlation between working memory on NBT and P300 wave amplitude on ERP‐P300 (r = −0.34, P = 0.021) and between complex cognition on NBT and P300 wave latency on ERP‐P300 (r = −0.47, P < 0.001). No correlation was found between other tests on NBT and ERP‐P300 wave characteristics. Further, the regression analysis (R2) revealed that P300 amplitude was found to significantly predict the working memory (R2 = 0.116) and P300 latency was found to significantly predict the complex cognition (R2 = 0.224).ConclusionTherefore, we conclude that neurophysiological measurements cannot be substituted by neuropsychological tests or vice versa; rather, higher brain functions should be estimated by both of the methods.
Chinese expert consensus on prevention and intervention for the elderly with malnutrition (2022)
Authors: Mao Yongjun , Wu Jianqing , Liu Gongxiang , Yu Yao , Chen Bo , Liu Jia , Wang Jianye , Yu Pulin , Zhang Cuntai , Wu Jinhui ,   Geriatrics Branch, Chinese Medical Association, and the expert group of the Chinese Expert Consensus on Prevention and Intervention for the Elderly with Malnutrition
Published: October 2022

AbstractMalnutrition is a state of altered body composition and body cell mass due to inadequate intake or utilization of energy or nutrients, leading to physical and mental dysfunction and impaired clinical outcomes. As one of the most common geriatric syndromes, malnutrition in the elderly is a significant risk factor for poor clinical outcomes, causing a massive burden on medical resources and society. The risk factors for malnutrition in the elderly are diverse and include demographics, chronic diseases, and psychosocial factors. Presently, recommendations for the prevention and intervention of malnutrition in the elderly are not clear or consistent in China. This consensus is based on the latest global evidence and multiregional clinical experience in China, which aims to standardize the prevention and intervention of malnutrition in the elderly in China and improve the efficacy of clinical practice and the prognosis of elderly patients.
Comprehensive genetic screening for vascular Ehlers–Danlos syndrome through an amplification‐based next‐generation sequencing system
Authors: Yamaguchi Tomomi , Hayashi Shujiro , Hayashi Daisuke , Matsuyama Takeshi , Koitabashi Norimichi , Ogiwara Kenichi , Noda Masaaki , Nakada Chiai , Fujiki Shinya , Furutachi Akira , Tanabe Yasuhiko , Yamanaka Michiko , Ishikawa Aki , Mizukami Miyako , Mizuguchi Asako , Sugiura Kazumitsu , Sumi Makoto , Yamazawa Hirokuni , Izawa Atsushi , Wada Yuko , Fujikawa Tomomi , Takiguchi Yuri , Wakui Keiko , Takano Kyoko , Nishio Shin‐Ya , Kosho Tomoki 
Published: October 2022

AbstractVascular Ehlers–Danlos syndrome (vEDS) is a hereditary connective tissue disorder (HCTD) characterized by arterial dissection/aneurysm/rupture, sigmoid colon rupture, or uterine rupture. Diagnosis is confirmed by detecting heterozygous variants in COL3A1. This is the largest Asian case series and the first to apply an amplification‐based next‐generation sequencing through custom panels of causative genes for HCTDs, including a specific method of evaluating copy number variations. Among 429 patients with suspected HCTDs analyzed, 101 were suspected to have vEDS, and 33 of them (32.4%) were found to have COL3A1 variants. Two patients with a clinical diagnosis of Loeys–Dietz syndrome and/or familial thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection were also found to have COL3A1 variants. Twenty cases (57.1%) had missense variants leading to glycine (Gly) substitutions in the triple helical domain, one (2.9%) had a missense variant leading to non‐Gly substitution in this domain, eight (22.9%) had splice site alterations, three (8.6%) had nonsense variants, two (5.7%) had in‐frame deletions, and one (2.9%) had a multi‐exon deletion, including two deceased patients analyzed with formalin‐fixed and paraffin‐embedded samples. This is a clinically useful system to detect a wide spectrum of variants from various types of samples.
Associations between accelerated parental biologic age, autism spectrum disorder, social traits, and developmental and cognitive outcomes in their children
Authors: Song Ashley Y. , Bakulski Kelly , Feinberg Jason I. , Newschaffer Craig , Croen Lisa A. , Hertz‐Picciotto Irva , Schmidt Rebecca J. , Farzadegan Homayoon , Lyall Kristen , Fallin M. Daniele , Volk Heather E. , Ladd‐Acosta Christine 
Published: October 2022

AbstractParental age is a known risk factor for autism spectrum disorder (ASD), however, studies to identify the biologic changes underpinning this association are limited. In recent years, “epigenetic clock” algorithms have been developed to estimate biologic age and to evaluate how the epigenetic aging impacts health and disease. In this study, we examined the relationship between parental epigenetic aging and their child's prospective risk of ASD and autism related quantitative traits in the Early Autism Risk Longitudinal Investigation study. Estimates of epigenetic age were computed using three robust clock algorithms and DNA methylation measures from the Infinium HumanMethylation450k platform for maternal blood and paternal blood specimens collected during pregnancy. Epigenetic age acceleration was defined as the residual of regressing chronological age on epigenetic age while accounting for cell type proportions. Multinomial logistic regression and linear regression models were completed adjusting for potential confounders for both maternal epigenetic age acceleration (n = 163) and paternal epigenetic age acceleration (n = 80). We found accelerated epigenetic aging in mothers estimated by Hannum's clock was significantly associated with lower cognitive ability and function in offspring at 12 months, as measured by Mullen Scales of Early Learning scores (β = −1.66, 95% CI: −3.28, −0.04 for a one‐unit increase). We also observed a marginal association between accelerated maternal epigenetic aging by Horvath's clock and increased odds of ASD in offspring at 36 months of age (aOR = 1.12, 95% CI: 0.99, 1.26). By contrast, fathers accelerated aging was marginally associated with decreased ASD risk in their offspring (aOR = 0.83, 95% CI: 0.68, 1.01). Our findings suggest epigenetic aging could play a role in parental age risks on child brain development.
An idea to explore: Interdisciplinary capstone courses in biomedical and life science education
Authors: Ross Pauline M. , Mercer‐Mapstone Lucy , Pozza Liana E. , Poronnik Philip , Hinton Tina , Field Damien J. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWhile biomedical and life science research have embraced interdisciplinarity as the means to solving pressing 21st century complex challenges, interdisciplinarity in undergraduate education has been more difficult to implement. As a consequence, disciplinary rather than interdisciplinary capstones have become ubiquitous. Disciplinary capstones are valuable for students because they enable them to integrate knowledge and skills within the discipline, but they are also limiting because the integration is within rather than across disciplines. In contrast to a capstone, which involves a single discipline, interdisciplinary capstones require two or more disciplines to combine and integrate across disciplinary boundaries. Interdisciplinarity, where two of more disciplines come together, is difficult to implement in the biomedical and life science curricula because student majors and finances are administered in ways, which reinforce institutional organization of schools and faculties and prevent collaboration. Here in this “idea to explore” we provide an interdisciplinary capstone model where students enroll in disciplinary courses, but then these disciplinary courses and students collaborate on interdisciplinary real‐world problems. This interdisciplinary capstone model was implemented across two diverse and large biomedical and life science schools within two faculties in a research intensive, metropolitan university. This approach allows for integration of the biomedical, social and ethical perspectives required when solving problems in the real world, such as COVID‐19. Interdisciplinary learning also better prepares students for higher degree research and future careers. Overcoming disciplinary curriculum silos and faculty barriers is critical if we are to meet expectations of acquiring interdisciplinarity as a key competency.