bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Contrary to an old belief, four corner curing does not provide more bond strength or polymerization in bonding of orthodontic metal brackets
Authors: Behroozian Ahmad , Rezaei Yashar , Abdulkarim Barham Ahmed , Moghaddam Saeid Foroughi 
Published: September 2022

Objectives:
The study aimed to investigate the effect of the direction of light curing on bond strength and adhesive polymerization of orthodontic metal brackets.

Material and Methods:
In this in vitro investigation, 75 extracted human upper premolars were randomly divided into three groups according to the curing direction: Group A (20 s curing from the occlusal side of the bracket), Group B (10 s from occlusal and 10 s from gingival), and Group C (5 s from four corners of the bracket). After bonding, the brackets were subjected to a shear bond strength (SBS) test performed with a universal testing machine. Moreover, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis was used to find the polymerization ratio of the adhesives in each group. Kruskal–Wallis test was to statistical analysis of SBS and FTIR data, respectively, at the 0.05 level of significance.

Results:
The difference in SBS of metal brackets was not statistically significant between the groups (P > 0.05). However, the difference in polymerization ratio was significant between all groups where the highest and lowest ratio belonged to Groups A and B, respectively (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
Curing metal brackets from four corners do not increase their bond strength and/or polymerization.
What is the ideal grade of resection for parasagittal meningiomas with the invasion of superior sagittal sinus? Simpson I or Simpson II resection? A retrospective observational study
Authors: Aguiar Paulo Henrique Pires , Dos Santos Rafael Rodrigues Pinheiro , Marson Fernando Augusto Lima , Dezena Roberto Alexandre , Rampazzo Ana Carla Mondek Rampazzo 
Published: September 2022

Background:
Parasagittal meningioma (PSM) is a tumor located in the parasagittal angle which extends to and/ or invades the superior sagittal sinus (SSS). Surgical resection of the PSM, the standard treatment in such cases, poses a challenge for neurosurgery, particularly where there is an invasion of the SSS. This is due to the risk of complications through injury to the adjacent vascular structures. The objective of the study was to perform a comparative evaluation of the surgical techniques for total resection of the PSM (Simpson Grade [SG] I and SG II), which present the highest rates of success in terms of the following variables: mortality, recurrence, and postoperative complications.

Methods:
Fifty-six patients undergoing resection surgery for PSM with the invasion of the SSS were enrolled. The patients were divided into two groups: Group A, comprising 26 cases of patients subjected to SG I PSM resection surgery and Group B, with 31 cases of patients subjected to SG II PSM resection surgery, with preservation of the SSS.

Results:
The results showed that Group B had lower rates of postoperative deficit (P = 0.026), zero mortality, and reduced recurrence. The use of complementary radiotherapy for atypical meningiomas (WHO II) in Group B was satisfactory in controlling the disease.

Conclusion:
The Simpson II, with preservation of the SSS, was better as it diminishes the vascular risks of surgery, reduces the frequency of severe postoperative deficit, and reduces mortality.
SYMBOL AS THE OBJECT OF PHILOSOPHICAL REFLECTION
Authors: Климов Сергей Николаевич , Сачкова Елена Владимировна 
Published: September 2022

Статья посвящена анализу эволюции понятия «символ» как одной из основополагающих категорий философии. В современном мире символ и символические системы подвергаются глубокой трансформации, меняется не только их смысловое наполнение, но и роль в жизни социума, что требует переосмысления данного понятия. Генезис символа рассматривается в диахронической ретроспективе с целью определения различных подходов к данному понятию и выявлению общего и особенного в понимании символа. Проанализированы философские учения о символе от античной философии до философии нашего времени. Зародившиеся в античной философии подходы к пониманию символа предопределили основные вектора движения философской мысли в его осмыслении: с одной стороны, онтологическое понимание данного феномена как атрибута божественной сущности, а с другой - гносеологический подход к символу как инструменту познания вызвал его десакрализацию и профанацию, в то же время расширив его понимание как эстетической категории, наделенной аксиологической и прагматической функциями. Коллизии XX в. привели к тому, что традиционные символические системы либо претерпели глубинные изменения, либо были разрушены, что способствовало деградации символа, его трансформации в симулякр.
The given article is devoted to the evolution of the concept of «symbol» as one of the fundamental categories of philosophy. In the modern world symbol and symbolic systems are undergoing crucial transformations. Their semantics as well as their role in the life of the human society are transforming. All these makes the philosophical rethinking of this concept quite necessary. The genesis of symbol is viewed diachronically which helps to identify different approaches to the notion of symbol and to indicate the general and the particular in it. The analysis of philosophical studies from ancient philosophy up to modern time is given the article. Ancient Greece philosophical studies defined the main trends of philosophical thought concerning the essence of symbol. The phenomenon of symbols was ontologically understood as the attribute of the divine essence. The epistemological approach to the symbol as an instrument of cognition led to its desecration. But at the same time, it expanded its understanding as an aesthetic category with axiological and pragmatic functions. The collisions of the XX century led to profound changes in the traditional symbolic systems or to their destruction thus contributing to the deterioration of symbol and its mutation into a simulacrum.
SOCIO-PHILOSOPHICAL UNDERSTANDING OF THE PROBLEM OF PARTICIPATION AND ABSENTHEISM
Authors: Бутузова Ирина Владимировна , Солина Евгения Андреевна 
Published: September 2022

В статье рассматриваются роль и особенности партиципации и абсентеизма на современном этапе развития постиндустриального (информационного) общества. Определив основные причины абсентеизма в нынешних политических реалиях, авторы отмечают высокую вероятность трансформации политического потенциала населения в действия протестного радикального и экстремистского характера.
This article examines the role and features of participation and absenteeism at the present stage of development of the post-industrial (information) society. Having identified the main causes of absenteeism in the current political realities, the authors note a high probability of transformation of the political potential of the population into radical and extremist protest actions.
THEOLOGICAL DISCOURSE AND DENOMINATIONAL DIFFERENTIATION IN PROTESTANTISM
Authors: Лебедев Владимир Юрьевич 
Published: September 2022

Статья посвящена структурной семиотике протестантского теологического дискурса. Сложность этой на первый взгляд часто дискутируемой проблемы начинается с семантической неопределенности самих слов, неизбежно используемых для номинации: например, фундаментализм используется в широком регистре, от неопределенного именования с уничижительными коннотациями до самообозначения групп и направлений. Также и именования протестантских объединений отличается асимметричностью: почти одинаковые наименования для существенно разных общин и наоборот. Следующая проблематичность определяется применением современного системно-структурного подхода в области анализа религиозных явлений. Конфессиональные и деноминационные объединения включают теологию с определенными дискурсивными свойствами в качестве субсистемы в системных границах. При попытке представить варианты теологического дискурса в рамках традиционного конфессионального подразделения добиться полного, симметричного соответствия не получается. Поля описания, используемые для разных компонентов религиозного сообщества (теология, богослужение и т. п.) несимметричны, так как сама система не функционирует в привычном для классического религиоведения «двоично-зеркальном» пространстве. В результате возникает необходимость характеризовать спектр вариантов теологии для каждого выделенного подразделения, порой с уточнением типичности того или иного типа теологического дискурса для выбранной конфессиональной единицы.
The paper sets out to explore the structural semiotics of Protestant discourse. Although the topic is familiar for the research agenda, the words habitually used for nomination in discourse are semantically vague. Such word as fundamentalism has a wide register of meanings from general nomination tinged with pejorative connotations to regular self-naming chosen by groups and trends. Moreover, Protestant affiliations of almost opposite views are often named identically, rendering nomination in Protestant discourse asymmetric. Modern systemic and structural approach gives rise to other complications when used for analysis of religious phenomena. Denominational affiliations integrate theology with its discourse characteristics as a subsystem within a given systemic framework. But it proves impossible to present varieties of theological discourse within the frameworks of traditional denominational divisions as symmetrically consistent. The descriptive fields defining different components of religious community (such as theology, services, and the like) are far from symmetric as the system itself does not operate in binary-symmetric domain traditional for classical religious studies. As a result, for each denomination an entire range of variants of theology should be described as typical for a chosen denomination.
K.D. KAVELIN ABOUT UNIVERSITIES: IN SEARCH OF SCIENTIFIC AND EDUCATIONAL IDENTITY
Authors: Михайлова Елена Евгеньевна 
Published: September 2022

Заграничные поездки русского историка и общественного деятеля второй половины XIX века К.Д. Кавелина рассмотрены как проявление академической мобильности и, одновременно, как поиск научной и образовательной идентичности. Изучая деятельность французских, немецких, швейцарских университетов, Кавелин стремился собрать материал, способный обогатить традиции российских университетов. Сделан вывод о том, что полученные сведения русского ученого-посланника оказались важными в нескольких перспективах. Во-первых, взгляд со стороны позволил обнаружить новые научные и образовательные формы университетской деятельности. Во-вторых, близкое знакомство с зарубежными коллегами помогло обрести чувство принадлежности к научному и профессорскому сообществу. В-третьих, взгляд изнутри способствовал критической переоценке ранее заимствованных представлений.
Foreign trips of the Russian historian and public figure of the second half of the 19th century K.D. Kavelin are considered as a manifestation of academic mobility and, at the same time, as a search for scientific and educational identity. Studying the activities of French, German, Swiss universities, Kavelin sought to collect material that could enrich the traditions of Russian universities. It is concluded that the information received by the Russian scientist-envoy was important in several perspectives. Firstly, the view «from outside» made it possible to discover new scientific and educational forms of university activity. Secondly, close acquaintance with foreign colleagues helped to gain a sense of belonging to the scientific and professorial community. Thirdly, the view «from the inside» contributed to a critical reassessment of previously borrowed ideas.
PERSONALITY AND SOCIETY IN N.A. BERDYAEV’S PHILOSOPHY
Authors: Талалов Михаил Алексеевич 
Published: September 2022

Цель статьи - анализ взаимосвязи общества и личности в философии Н.А. Бердяева; в статье обнаруживается генезис формирования представлений об обществе и личности в философии Н.А. Бердяева, социокультурная обусловленность его воззрений. Предложенный этим автором вариант истолкования кризиса европейской гуманистической культуры понимается как имеющий основание в его персоналистическом учении.
The aim of the article is to analyze the relationship between society and personality in N. A. Berdyaev’s philosophy. The article reveals the genesis of the formation of society and personality ideas in the philosophy of N.A. Berdyaev, the socio-cultural conditionality of his views. The variant of interpretation of the crisis of European humanistic culture proposed by this author is understood as having a basis in his personalistic doctrine.
THE MAIN CATEGORIES OF BARBARIAN CULTURE
Authors: Сулимов Станислав Игоревич , Черниговских Игорь Васильевич 
Published: September 2022

Цель исследования - обнаружение и раскрытие основных черт варварской культуры. Новизна исследования заключается в выявлении компонентов, характерных для культуры любого общества, которое представители цивилизованного социума называют варварским. В результате исследования были выявлены такие непреходящие варварские культурные черты как циклическое понимание времени, восприятие земли как ничейной (и общей) собственности, сакральное отношение к индивидуальной и клановой репутации, дарению и получению подарков, верность социальному статусу, воспринимаемому как судьба.
The purpose of the study is to discover and reveal the main features of the barbarian culture. The novelty of the study lies in identifying the components that are characteristic of the culture of any society, which representatives of a civilized society call barbaric. As a result of the study, such enduring barbaric cultural features as a cyclical understanding of time, the perception of land as a noman's (and common) property, a sacred attitude to individual and clan reputation, giving and receiving gifts, fidelity to social status, perceived as fate, were revealed.
Evaluating the effects of observation period, floral density, and weather conditions on the consistency and accuracy of timed pollinator counts
Authors: Mahon Neil , Hodge Simon 
Published: September 2022

Insect pollinators are experiencing substantial declines as a result of habitat loss, agricultural intensification, invasive pests, and climate change. To investigate factors causing pollinator declines, evaluate the success of conservation measures, and institute long-term monitoring schemes, it is essential to validate and standardize pollinator sampling techniques. This study investigated how sampling duration, weather conditions, and abundance of floral resources influenced the results of timed pollinator counts by repeatedly sampling the same pollinator assemblage in an Irish meadow. The likelihood of detection of Apis mellifera, Bombus spp, solitary bees, and Syrphidae was strongly associated with the density of floral units or floral cover in the observation plot. Also, even though protocol criteria restricted pollinator counts to the middle of the day and benevolent weather, pollinator counts were strongly influenced by factors such as cloud cover, light levels, wind speed and relative humidity. Increasing the duration of the timed counts from 5-minutes to 30-minutes considerably increased the probability of detection of each pollinator group. Additionally, the perceived diversity of the pollinator assemblage at the meadow was markedly affected by sampling duration and floral abundance. To improve the consistency or comparability of studies using timed pollinator counts, we recommend that criteria are set restricting surveys to narrow ranges of weather conditions and floral density when possible. Additionally, pollinator field investigations or monitoring programs would benefit from a systematic evaluation of how erroneous non-detection of target taxa can be reduced to acceptable levels by modifying sampling duration.
BACIA HIDROGRÁFICA DA ESTRADA NOVA: DINÂMICA FÍSICA E SOCIAL EM BELÉM (PA)
Authors: Araújo Júnior Antônio Carlos Ribeiro , Azevedo Adriane Karina Amin de 
Published: September 2022

A gênese de formas na superfície terrestre não está exclusivamente ligada a fatores bióticos e abióticos, em razão dos agentes socais também exercerem seu papel nas mudanças da paisagem, apropriando e transformando espaços para seu uso, muitas vezes gerando e/ou transformando formas do relevo. Assim, teve-se como objetivo analisar a inter-relação existente entre as formas e processos naturais e formas e processos produzidos/induzidos pela sociedade na bacia hidrográfica da Estrada Nova (BHEN) na cidade de Belém (PA), para se propor um planejamento ambiental coerente com as dinâmicas naturais, econômicas e sociais deste espaço socialmente produzido e sistemicamente integrado, uma vez que se notou uma intensa transformação do espaço físico por ações da sociedade com o intuito de ocupar e usar este espaço, incorrendo em transformações e gêneses de novas formas na superfície desta bacia hidrográfica.Palavras-chave: Antropogeomorfologia, Planejamento ambiental, Bacia hidrográfica. Watershed Of Estrada Nova: Physical And Social Dynamics In Belém (PA) A B S T R A C TThe genesis of shapes on the Earth's surface is not exclusively linked to biotic and abiotic factors, due to the fact that social agents also play a role in changing the landscape, appropriating and transforming spaces for their use, often generating and / or transforming relief forms. Thus, the objective was to analyze the interrelationship between natural forms and processes and forms and processes produced / induced by society in the watershed of Estrada Nova (BHEN) in the city of Belém (PA), to propose an environmental planning coherent with the natural, economic and social dynamics of this socially produced and systemically integrated space, since an intense transformation of the physical space by society's actions was noted in order to occupy and use this space, incurring transformations and genesis of new forms on the surface of this watershed.Key words: Antrophogeomorphology, environmental planning, watershed.
Análise da Influência de Fatores Climáticos na Concentração de Ferro e Manganês em Água Bruta Destinada a um Sistema de Tratamento de Água
Authors: Kunst Valentini Marlon Heitor , Borges dos Santos Gabriel , Sanchez Franz Henrique , Aldrighi da Silva Larissa , Da Silva Fraga Grasielle , Peterson de Mello Norton , Dos Santos Boeira Lukas , Flores Romani Rúbia 
Published: September 2022

In surface water body sources intended for domestic system, iron and manganese concentrations has often been presented an increase in its values, it is recurrent during the warm seasons. As the chemical dynamic of water bodies is dependent on the environmental conditions, climatic aspects which affects temperature and dissolved oxygen in the water, will also affect the concentration and structure of these ions. Therefore, the present study aims to evaluate the influence of temperature and rainfall rates on the iron and manganese concentrations of the water source of the Water Treatment System – Terras Baixas, by using statistical methods, in a series of five years of data (2013 to 2017). The results of iron and manganese concentrations shows an increase during the hot seasons, and, through the statistical methods used, it was possible to conclude that, regarding temperature and rain factors, only temperature had a significant influence on these variables. Keywords: WTS Terras Baixas, Water quality, statistical analysis, correlation, significance Análise da Influência de Fatores Climáticos na Concentração de Ferro e Manganês em Água Bruta Destinada a um Sistema de Tratamento de Água R E S U M ONos mananciais superficiais destinados ao sistema doméstico, as concentrações de ferro e manganês têm apresentado, muitas vezes, um aumento em seus valores, sendo recorrente durante as estações quentes. Como a dinâmica química dos corpos d'água é dependente das condições ambientais, aspectos climáticos que afetam a temperatura e o oxigênio dissolvido na água, também afetarão a concentração e a estrutura desses íons. Portanto, o presente estudo tem como objetivo avaliar a influência da temperatura e dos índices pluviométricos nas concentrações de ferro e manganês do manancial do Sistema de Tratamento de Água – Terras Baixas, por meio de métodos estatísticos, em uma série de cinco anos de dados (2013 a 2017). Os resultados das concentrações de ferro e manganês mostram um aumento durante as estações quentes, e, através dos métodos estatísticos utilizados, foi possível concluir que, em relação aos fatores temperatura e chuva, apenas a temperatura teve influência significativa nessas variáveis.Palavras-chave: ETA Terras Baixas, qualidade da água, análise estatística, correlação, significância
Caracterização fisiográfica das bacias hidrográficas do rio Una e Mundaú utilizando dados do LiDAR, Pernambuco 3D
Authors: Barros Juliana Patrícia Fernandes Guedes , Galvíncio Josiclêda Domiciano 
Published: September 2022

Inundações e enchentes, decorrentes de inputs pluviométricos e ocupação desordenada das áreas de interflúvio de bacias hidrográficas, aliadas ao déficit estrutural urbano culminam em danos socias, políticos, econômicos e ambientais. As bacias do rio Una e Mundaú são ocupadas por áreas urbanas e agricultura, que degradam o solo e alteram as características naturais da dinâmica hídrica, desse modo o entendimento e caracterização fisiográfica de bacias com uso do solo propício ao desenvolvimento de problemática hídricas é de suma relevância para o gerenciamento e prevenção da propagação de enchentes e inundações. A construção de modelos hidrológicos que possibilitem a compreensão de como água flui através de uma área e como as mudanças nessa área podem afetar o fluxo, ou seja, padrões de escoamento, infiltração e fluxo de água nas bacias, são de suma importância nesse contexto. Utilizando modelagem hidrológica semiautomática com os dados do sensor LiDAR, imageado pelo projeto PE3D no ano de 2016, foi construído um modelo a fim de extrair informações hídricas utilizando a ferramenta Hydrology. Tendo objetivo de demonstrando a necessidade de modelagem hídrica atualiza, que disponibilize dados fidedignos para planejamento adequado e orientação das tomadas de decisão pelos comitês de bacia e poder público. Physiographic characterization of the Una and Mundaú river basins using data from LIDAR, Pernambuco 3DA B S T R A C TFloods and floods, arising from rainwater and/or occupation of the interfluvial areas of the basins, together with the urban structural deficit, culminate in social, political, economic and environmental damage. The Una and Mundaú river basins are occupied by urban areas and agriculture, which degrade the soil and change the natural characteristics of the water dynamics, thus the understanding and physiographic characterization of basins with land use conducive to the development of water problems is essential relevance to the management and prevention of the spread of floods and floods. The construction of hydrological models that enable the understanding of how water flows through an area and how changes in that area can affect the flow, ie, patterns of runoff, infiltration and water flow in the basins, are of paramount importance in this context. Using semi-automatic hydrological modeling with data from the Lidar sensor, imaged by the PE3D project, a model was built in order to extract water information using the Hydrology tool. Aiming at demonstrating the need for updated water modeling, which provides reliable data for proper planning and guidance in decision-making by basin committees and public authorities.Keywords: floods; hydrological modeling; water resources.