bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Malnutrition and clinical outcomes post alloSCT
Authors: Jefferis Madison , Andersen Sarah , Brown Teresa , Curley Cameron , Bauer Judy 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundMalnutrition has been linked with higher risk of poor outcomes post‐allogeneic stem cell transplantation (alloSCT); however, few studies have used a validated nutrition assessment tool such as the Patient Generated Subjective Global Assessment (i.e., PG‐SGA) to measure nutritional status and investigate associations with long‐term clinical outcomes. The present study aimed to assess the incidence of malnutrition prior to alloSCT and determine whether there was an association between nutritional status pre‐transplant and post‐transplant clinical outcomes including acute kidney injury, graft‐versus‐host disease, intensive care admission, need for haemodialysis and survival.MethodsA retrospective analysis of 362 patients (213 males:149 females, mean ± SD age = 47.8 ± 14.1 years) who underwent alloSCT from 2008 to 2013 was conducted. Data on clinical outcomes were obtained for 5 years post‐transplant.ResultsFifteen percent (n = 56) of patients were identified as malnourished pre‐admission. Malnutrition was associated with longer hospital stay (p = 0.007), increased requirement for haemodialysis (p = 0.016) and increased admissions to the intensive care unit (p = 0.003). There was no association between malnutrition and acute kidney injury, graft‐versus‐host disease or survival. Following multivariate analyses, malnutrition remained significantly associated with increased admission rates to the intensive care unit (odds ratio = 3.8, 95% confidence interval = 1.3–10.5, p = 0.011) and increased length of hospital stay > 30 days (odds ratio = 3.6. 95% confidence interval = 1.8–7.4, p ≤ 0.001).ConclusionsThese findings add importance to the need for nutrition screening and assessment to be routinely undertaken for patients prior to alloSCT and throughout hospitalisation to provide early nutrition intervention for the prevention of malnutrition, poor clinical outcomes and increased healthcare costs.
Dialogic landscapes: Toward a nuanced understanding of globalization in urban Indonesian signage
Authors: Tamtomo Kristian , Goebel Zane 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis article shows that a perspective rooted in Bakhtin's dialogism between the fixed centripetal and fluid centrifugal forces of language and culture is useful in achieving a nuanced understanding of globalization in general and semiotic landscapes in Indonesia in particular. Drawing on data from Indonesia, this article shows dialogic interconnections between fixed and fluid notions of languages and cultures through a multimodal and indexical analysis of governmental and commercial signage in the urban center of Semarang, the provincial capital of Central Java. The analysis highlights the nuanced localizing and globalizing strategies in signage and how dialogicity helps shape the semiotic landscape.
Activist purpose orientation: Definition and predictors
Authors: Wilson Megan E. , Hill Patrick L. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractActivism is responsible for many of the positive social changes we have seen across time, and is central to pushing for continued social change. However, these positive outcomes do not come without a cost, as activism can also be draining and can lead to physical and emotional harm for those involved. Social policies and intervention programs have addressed how to help people maintain their engagement with activism aims, though few have considered the motivational role of purpose in life. As purpose in life involves a sustained commitment to one's goals, having a purpose in life centered around activism may help an individual remain committed to activism and to the creation of change in the face of these obstacles. If activist purpose can help us understand and predict who is likely to remain engaged in activism, then it is valuable to consider what factors influence the development of activist purpose, in order to continue necessary social change. Thus, in this work we define activist purpose, and theorize as to what factors may be relevant to the development of an activist purpose by situating predictors of activism and collective action within the literature on pathways to purpose in life. This work may thus provide a greater understanding of how to encourage activism or reduce the harmful effects associated with activism.
The effect of plant mycotrophy and soil disturbance on soil microbial activity
Authors: Conceição Taiana A. , Goss Michael , Andrade Galdino , Brito Isabel 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn cropping systems, the choices adopted for the tillage system used and plants cultivated can strongly influence the soil microbial population and its functional profile. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi are an important component of soil microbiome and their mutualistic symbiosis with the majority of higher plants grant the latter a wide range of benefits. The extraradical mycelium developed by these fungi expands the volume of soil influenced and harbours a diversity of microbes establishing a distinct environment of complementary interactions. We assessed how growing plants with different levels of mycotrophy modifies the biological activity profile in the soil under Mn toxicity and whether this is modified by soil disturbance. Following mycotrophic plants, soil contained a more active microbiome than after the non‐mycotrophic plants, as expressed by higher values of soil basal respiration or dehydrogenase activity. Additionally, the count of phosphorus solubilizes and activity of phosphatase were greater after mycotrophic plants. Even among mycotrophic plants, different profiles of biological activity can be distinguished after growing a legume or grass. ERM disruption by soil disturbance decreased most of the parameters studied and for phosphatase activity and P solubilizers in a more significant way. These results indicate that even under Mn toxicity, the microbiome associated with AMF symbiosis following mycotrophic plants growth presented a higher biological activity and had a differential biological response towards the stress imposed by soil disturbance, when compared with the microbiome associated with non‐mycotrophic roots.
The Americanization of Barbadian English
Authors: Stuka Christine 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis paper investigates attitudes and perceptions of Barbadians toward British and American English on the one hand, and the degree of structural Americanization of contemporary Barbadian English as documented in a corpus of Facebook comments on the other hand. The results indicate a discrepancy between explicitly formulated preferences and actual production patterns; while American English is devalued by most respondents, the advancement of cross‐linguistic influence of American English on the levels of orthography and lexicon of Barbadian English is undeniable. The findings further suggest a continued linguistic identification with British norms in the perception of many Barbadians, while the awareness of an emerging local standard variety is only slowly gaining ground.
Introduction: Englishes of the Caribbean
Authors: Meer Philipp , Schmalz Mirjam 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe English‐official Caribbean provides an insightful context for investigations of norm developmental processes, world Englishes theorizing, and mapping Englishes in multivarietal communities. While there has been an upsurge of linguistic research on the region, especially on emerging standardized varieties, little systematic empirical research exists on smaller Caribbean islands, select domain‐specific patterns of production and perception in larger territories, and regional issues of standardization. This special issue addresses current research gaps and provides a well‐rounded picture of language production and perception research in the anglophone Caribbean. The issue consists of articles with a variety of different methodological approaches, including corpus‐linguistic, sociolinguistic, acoustic phonetic, ethnographic, and language attitudinal investigations. It covers a wide range of smaller (Bequia, Dominica, Grenada, and St. Kitts) and larger territories (the Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, and Trinidad). While the articles scrutinize the anglophone Caribbean, several of the issues raised have relevance for world Englishes research more generally.
La pandemia de Covid-19 y los nuevos riesgos
Authors: Behr Palacios Carlos 
Published: December 2022

Se trata de una Nota del Ponente en el marco del CILA COSTA RICA 2022, con reflexiones sobre la realidad que vivió el Perú y el mundo de los Seguros, durante la Pandemia COVID-19.
Se hace un breve análisis de la realidad que vivieron los Asegurados y las Aseguradoras durante la crisis sanitaria mundial y como impactó ello en los Seguros.
Los seguros cibernéticos: Alcance frente a los Ciber Riesgos
Authors: Signorino Barbat Andrea 
Published: December 2022

Hoy en día, lo cibernético se caracteriza por ser todo lo relacionado con la tecnología informática, especialmente, pero no sólo, con Internet. En estos momentos se habla mundialmente de los Cyber Risks o Ciber Riesgos, refiriéndose a los riesgos que acechan en el ciberespacio.
En este artículo se brinda una aproximación no tradicional a lo que puede considerarse un riesgo del Ciber entorno, que tiene que ver con los riesgos que acechan al consumidor-asegurado, a las empresas de seguros y en general, y la posible discriminación y afectación moral que las tecnologías basadas en la inteligencia artificial pueden generar a los seres humanos.
Sin embargo, no todos los ciber riesgos pueden ser asegurados y, en este sentido, concluiremos qué riesgos pueden ser cubiertos o gestionados por el seguro y cuáles no.
Robust Static Output Feedback with Dynamic Disturbance Feed-forward for Lateral Control of Long-combination Vehicles At High Speeds
Authors: Sadeghi Kati Maliheh , Kӧroğlu Hakan , Fredriksson Jonas , Islam Mohammad Manjurul 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
A control strategy is proposed to improve the high-speed lateral performance of an A-double (tractor-semitrailer-dolly-semitrailer) combination vehicle using active steering of the front axle of the dolly. The strategy is realized as a H∞-type static output feedback combined with dynamic feed-forward. The static output feedback synthesis is based on a previous work from the literature, while novel linear matrix inequality (LMI) conditions have been derived for dynamic feed-forward synthesis that can also be used for uncertain systems. The proposed controller has a simple structure and is easy to implement from a practical point of view since it requires only the driver steering angle (for feed-forward) and just one articulation angle measurement (for feedback). Obtained using a high-fidelity vehicle model, the synthesis results confirm a significant reduction in the rearward amplifications of the yaw rate and the lateral acceleration as well as the high-speed transient off-tracking during sudden lane change maneuvers.
Investigation on Applicability of Subchannel Analysis Code ASFRE to Thermal Hydraulics Analysis in Fuel Assembly With Inner Duct Structure of Sodium Cooled Fast Reactor
Authors: Kikuchi Norihiro , Imai Yasutomo , Yoshikawa Ryuji , Doda Norihiro , Tanaka Masaaki 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In the design study of an advanced sodium-cooled fast reactor (advanced-SFR) in Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), the use of a specific fuel assembly (FA) with an inner duct structure called fuel assembly with an inner duct structure (FAIDUS) has been investigated to enhance safety of Advanced-SFR. Due to the asymmetric layout of fuel rods by the inner duct, it is necessary to estimate the coolant temperature distribution to confirm feasibility of FAIDUS. In JAEA, an in-house subchannel analysis code named thermal-hydraulic analysis of asymmetrical flow in reactor elements (ASFRE) has been developed as a FA design tool. For the typical FAs, the numerical results of ASFRE had been validated by comparisons with experimental data, in the previous study. As for the FAIDUS, confirmation of validity of the numerical results by ASFRE was not enough because the reference data on the thermal hydraulics in FAIDUS have not been obtained by the mockup experiment, yet. In this paper, therefore, the code-to-code comparisons with numerical results of ASFRE and those of an in-house computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code named single-phase thermal-hydraulic analysis in an irregular rod array layout (SPIRAL) were applied to make further discussion on applicability of ASFRE to the thermal hydraulics analysis in FAIDUS. Thermal hydraulic analyses of a typical FA and FAIDUS at high and low flowrate conditions were conducted. The applicability of ASFRE was indicated through the confirmation of the consistency of mechanism on appearance of the specific temperature distributions between the numerical results by ASFRE and those by SPIRAL. In addition, the necessity of modification on the empirical constants in numerical model of ASFRE to improve the predictive accuracy was indicated.
The Thores Lake proglacial system: remnant stability in the rapidly changing Canadian High Arctic
Authors: Culley Alexander I. , Thaler Mary , Kochtitzky William , Iqaluk Pilipoosie , Rapp Josephine Z. , Rautio Milla , Kumagai Michio , Copland Luke , Vincent Warwick F. , Girard Catherine 
Published: December 2022

We describe limnological data sets from Thores Lake, a large ice-contact proglacial lake in northern Ellesmere Island, Nunavut (82.65°N), including longitudinal and cross transects (vertical resolution 0.03 m, horizontal resolution 100–200 m). The lake is formed due to damming by Thores Glacier at its northwest margin, has multi-year ice cover and a cold (<1.54 °C) fresh water column with a bottom layer of <0 °C, high-conductivity water in the deepest basin. Thores Lake is ultraoligotrophic, with low nutrient and phytoplankton stocks. Accessory pigment data and metagenomics were used to describe the eukaryotic microbial community. Diversity and taxonomic composition in the water column were homogeneous down to a depth of 40 m, consistent with density profiles. Surface water at the glacier interface was characterized by high turbidity and total phosphorus concentrations, and a distinct phytoplankton community dominated by chlorophytes, whereas the lake water column had higher relative abundances of chrysophytes and photosynthetic dinoflagellates. Thores Lake has a contracted pelagic food web, with the highest trophic level occupied by phytoplankton-feeding rotifers, and no crustacean zooplankton; profiles showed that omega-3 fatty acids (FAs) ranged from <1% (glacier interface) to 3.6% (central lake) of total seston FAs. Given the stability of the Thores Glacier ice dam and the persistence of cold water capped by perennial ice, Thores Lake provides a baseline to assess the impact of climate change on far northern lakes.
Auricular Acupressure Effect on Autonomic Responses Evoked by a Cold Pressor Test in Healthy Volunteers: A Pilot Study
Authors: Trinh Dieu-Thuong Thi , Nguyen Van-Huy , Bui Minh-Man Pham , Nguyen Van-Dan , Nguyen Thu-Thao Thi , Thai Hoai-Nam , Thai Khac-Minh 
Published: December 2022

Objective. This pilot study was conducted to investigate changes in the pulse rate and blood pressure in healthy volunteers after applying auricular acupressure at the “heart acupoint.” Methods. A total of 120 healthy volunteers with hemodynamic indexes within normal limits were randomly allocated into 4 groups to receive auricular acupressure treatment either at the heart acupoint of the left or the right, or in both ears, and one control group without applying auricular acupressure. Results. Before the application of auricular acupressure, there were no statistical differences in pulse rate and blood pressure increments among the four groups during the first cold pressor test. In groups in which auricular pressure was applied, the pulse rate was significantly reduced after the application of auricular acupressure in three groups; however, no statistically significant difference was detected among the groups. Changes in blood pressure were not statistically significant in or among the different groups after applying auricular acupressure. The average recorded pulse rate values during the second cold pressor test (after auricular acupressure) were significantly lower compared to the corresponding values taken during the first cold pressor test (before auricular acupressure) (

p

< 0.05); however, pulse rate increments during the two cold pressor tests (with and without auricular acupressure) were similar (

p

> 0.05). Conclusions. These findings suggest that auricular acupressure could be used as an adjunctive nonpharmacological method for reducing the pulse rate.
‘Mercatores isti regulandi’: Monopolies and moral regulation of the market in Pedro de Oñate’s De contractibus
Authors: Decock Wim 
Published: December 2022

Summary
Compared to the writings of other teólogos-juristas belonging to the so-called School of Salamanca, Pedro de Oñate’s (1567-1646) De contractibus has met with little if almost no interest in the literature. It nevertheless marks an epochal achievement in the history of juridical and economic thought. Published between 1646 and 1654, Oñate’s De contractibus epitomizes five centuries of scholastic thinking about the moral regulation of the market. It is a spectacular work, addressing hundreds of problems related to contractual agreements and commercial life in general. This paper offers an overview of Oñate’s lengthy assessment of monopolistic practices, including price-fixing cartels, import barriers, the creation of artificial scarcity, and legal monopolies, including the conceptualization of intellectual property. Two major conclusions can be reached from the close-reading of Oñate’s treatment of monopolistic practices. First, Oñate’s opinions are marked by an even starker emphasis on individual rights, property and freedom than those of his colleagues working in major cities on the other side of the Atlantic. Second, his analysis is not only the reflection of his extraordinary knowledge of centuries of scholastic thinking about the morality of the market, but also of his practical experience in the New World.
Leading-Mode Connections of the Interannual Variability in Upper-Ocean Salinity in the Tropical Indian Ocean
Authors: Huang Ke , Feng Ming , Wu Ying , Wang Dongxiao , Zhou Wen , Zu Tingting , Wang Weiqiang , Xie Qiang , Yang Lei , Yao Jinglong , Zhou Wei 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Leading modes of interannual variability in upper-ocean salinity in the tropical Indian Ocean (TIO) and their connections were studied based on 17 years (2002–18) of oceanic historical and reanalysis data. Empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis depicted the dominant roles of the first two leading modes in salinity variability in the TIO over a wide range of interannual time scales. Among the rich oscillations of the leading EOF modes, a coherent near-biennial band was identified with basinwide loading of sea surface salinity anomalies (SSSa) (EOF1) leading/lagging the northeast–southwest dipolar mode of SSSa (EOF2) by around 4 months across the TIO, with southwestward migration of SSSa center. The spatial loadings of the SSSa leading modes in the TIO were strongly shaped by sea surface temperature–related freshwater fluxes and wind-driven regional ocean circulation on a near-biennial time scale. Composite analysis of the mixed layer salinity budget reflected characteristic features of basin-scale ocean–atmosphere coupling, both temporally and regionally during the life cycle of the near-biennial fluctuation in anomalous salinity in the TIO. Consistent with the intrinsic oscillation paradigm in the observed Indian Ocean dipole (IOD) variation, the dynamic and thermodynamic feedbacks associated with switches from the positive to negative IOD modes provided the phase-connection mechanisms for the SSSa leading-mode displacement over the TIO.

Significance Statement
This study investigates the leading modes of interannual variability in upper-ocean salinity in the tropical Indian Ocean (TIO). The intrinsic oscillation and associated dynamic and thermodynamic feedbacks over the TIO drive the basinwide connections of upper-ocean salinity variability. Our results show that a coherent near-biennial band is identifiable within the leading modes of sea surface salinity anomalies (SSSa), in which the wind-induced horizontal advections and evaporation-minus-precipitation anomalies associated with the switches from positive to negative Indian Ocean dipole modes mainly provide the phase-transition mechanism of SSSa. This research illustrates substantial evidence for the displacement of basin-scale sea surface temperature anomalies modulating the structures of SSSa and inducing the dynamical connections of leading modes of SSSa on the near-biennial time scale.
Time constant to determine PEEP levels in mechanically ventilated COVID-19 ARDS: a feasibility study
Authors: Depta Filip , Euliano Neil R. , Zdravkovic Marko , Török Pavol , Gentile Michael A. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
We hypothesized that the measured expiratory time constant (TauE) could be a bedside parameter for the evaluation of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) settings in mechanically ventilated COVID-19 patients during pressure-controlled ventilation (PCV).

Methods
A prospective study was conducted including consecutively admitted adults (n = 16) with COVID-19-related ARDS requiring mechanical ventilation. A PEEP titration using PCV with a fixed driving pressure of 14 cmH2O was performed and TauE recorded at each PEEP level (0 to 18 cmH2O) in prone (n = 29) or supine (n = 24) positions. The PEEP setting with the highest TauE (TauEMAX) was considered to represent the best tradeoff between recruitment and overdistention.

Results
Two groups of patterns were observed in the TauE plots: recruitable (R) (75%) and nonrecruitable (NR) (25%). In the R group, the optimal PEEP and PEEP ranges were 8 ± 3 cmH2O and 6–10 cmH2O for the prone position and 9 ± 3 cmH2O and 7–12 cmH2O for the supine position. In the NR group, the optimal PEEP and PEEP ranges were 4 ± 4 cmH2O and 1–8 cmH2O for the prone position and 5 ± 3 cmH2O and 1–7 cmH2O for the supine position, respectively. The R group showed significantly higher optimal PEEP (p < 0.004) and PEEP ranges (p < 0.001) than the NR group. Forty-five percent of measurements resulted in the most optimal PEEP being significantly different between the positions (p < 0.01). Moderate positive correlation has been found between TauE vs CRS at all PEEP levels (r2 = 0.43, p < 0.001).

Conclusions
TauE may be a novel method to assess PEEP levels. There was wide variation in patient responses to PEEP, which indicates the need for personalized evaluation.
A systematic review and narrative synthesis of the experiences with caring for older people living with dementia in Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Mwendwa Purity , Lawlor Brian , Kroll Thilo , De Brún Aoife 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
In low- and middle-income countries, including sub-Saharan Africa little is known about the experiences with caring for people living with dementia. The purpose of this systematic review and narrative synthesis was to examine the experiences with caring for older people living with dementia at home.

Results
In total, 366 abstracts were identified and following screening, 19 studies were included in the synthesis. Six themes were identified: conceptualising dementia, caregiving arrangements, the impact of caregiving, caregiver identity and role, managing caregiving, unmet caregiver needs.

Conclusion
There is a dearth of research in relation to caregiving for older people living with dementia in sub-Saharan Africa. There is need for better information campaigns and support programs directed at family and professional caregivers in this context.