bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Insights into glycosidic bond specificity of an engineered selective α-L-rhamnosidase N12-Rha via activity assays and molecular modelling
Authors: Yu Bo , Luo Shiyu , Ding Yuhan , Gong Zijie , Nie Ting 
Published: November 2022

AbstractαL-rhamnosidase (EC 3.2.1.40) has been widely used in food processing and pharmaceutical preparation. The recombinant α-L-rhamnosidase N12-Rha from Aspergillus niger JMU-TS528 had significantly higher catalytic activity on α-1,6 glycosidic bond than α-1,2 glycosidic bond, and had no activity on α-1,3 glycosidic bond. The activities of hydrolyzed hesperidin and naringin were 7240 U/mL and 945 U/mL, respectively, which are 10.63 times that of native α-L-rhamnosidase. The activity could maintain more than 80% at pH 3–6 and 40–60℃. Quantum chemistry calculations showed that charge difference of the C-O atoms of the α-1,2, α-1,3 and α-1,6 bonds indicated that α-1,6 bond is most easily broken and α-1,3 bond is the most stable. Molecular dynamics simulations revealed that the key residue Trp359 that may affect substrate specificity and the main catalytic sites of N12-Rha are located in the (α/α)6-barrel domain.
A novel DOA estimation method for an antenna array under strong interference
Authors: Zuo Ming , Xie Shuguo 
Published: November 2022

AbstractStrong interference will affect direction of arrival (DOA) estimation of weak desired signal and even cause DOA estimation failure. This paper investigates the weak signal DOA estimation for an antenna array under strong interference signals, and proposed a novel DOA estimation method for strong interference source suppression and weighted l1-norm sparse representation. A parallel adaptive beamforming algorithm based on power inversion is used to suppress strong interference and form new array data. To reduce spurious peaks in the spectrum under strong interference, a weighted matrix is determined by the optimized subspace algorithm for the subspace projection. Then, the DOA estimation, which is calculated by weighted l1-norm sparse representation, is formed by the weighted matrix and new array data. In this paper, the superiority of the proposed algorithm is illustrated by an example of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) video signal DOA estimation under strong interference signals. The simulated results of an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing signal indicate that the proposed algorithm shows merits of fewer snapshots, a sharper main lobe, a lower average noise spectrum value, higher DOA estimation accuracy and success rate. For validation, an outdoor experiment was conducted which demonstrated that the proposed algorithm is superior to other algorithms and can be used for DOA estimation of UAV video signals under strong WiFi interference. Both the simulations and experiments verify that the proposed algorithm can effectively suppress strong interference and achieve better DOA estimation performance for weak signals.
Obesity and the risk of catheter-related bloodstream infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Yong , Xiang Qian , Wu Jiayu , Xiao Na , Chen Jing 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
The role of obesity in catheter-related bloodstream infection has been reported in several studies, but it is still controversial. We conducted this meta-analysis to summarize existing evidence to assess the relationship between obesity and the risk of catheter-related bloodstream infection.

Methods
We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed and Web of Science for the related studies published before January 2022. Meta-analysis was performed by use of a random-effects model.

Results
A total of 5 articles were included in this meta-analysis. Patients with body mass index  ≥ 25 kg/m2 had an increased risk of catheter-related bloodstream infection (OR 1.75, 95% CI 1.38–2.22) in overall analysis. Further analysis indicated that patients with overweight, obesity and severely obesity were all significantly associated with a higher risk of for catheter-related bloodstream infection (OR 1.51 [1.10–2.08], OR 1.43 [1.12–1.82] and OR 2.74 [1.85–4.05], respectively).

Conclusion
This meta-analysis provided evidence that obesity was significantly associated with a higher risk of catheter-related bloodstream infection. Close attention should be paid to the complications and prognosis of obese patients with vascular catheterization in clinical work.
Fluid bolus therapy in pediatric sepsis: a narrative review
Authors: San Geroteo Julian , Levy Michaël , Gotchac Julien , Brissaud Olivier , Dauger Stéphane 
Published: November 2022

AbstractLeading cause of death in children under five, pediatric sepsis remains a significant global health threat. The 2020 Surviving Sepsis Campaign guidelines revised the management of septic shock and sepsis-associated organ dysfunction in children. In addition to empiric broad-spectrum antibiotics, fluid bolus therapy is one of the cornerstones of management, due to theoretical improvement of cardiac output, oxygen delivery and organ perfusion. Despite a very low level of evidence, the possible benefit of balanced crystalloids in sepsis resuscitation has led to discussion on their position as the ideal fluid. However, the latest adult data are not consistent with this, and the debate is still ongoing in pediatrics. We provide here the current state of knowledge on fluid bolus therapy in pediatric sepsis with emphasis on balanced crystalloids.
Mutation in XPO5 causes adult-onset autosomal dominant familial focal segmental glomerulosclerosis
Authors: Hussain Hafiz Muhammad Jafar , Cai Yikai , Weng Qinjie , Tong Jun , Aftab Ayesha , Jin Yuanmeng , Liu Jian , Yu Shuwen , Fang Zhengying , Du Wen , Pan Xiaoxia , Ren Hong , Xie Jingyuan 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is a histological pathology that characterizes a wide spectrum of diseases. Many genes associated with FSGS have been studied previously, but there are still some FSGS families reported in the literature without the identification of known gene mutations. The aim of this study was to investigate the new genetic cause of adult-onset FSGS.

Methods
This study included 40 FSGS families, 77 sporadic FSGS cases, 157 non-FSGS chronic kidney disease (CKD) families and 195 healthy controls for analyses. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) and Sanger sequencing were performed on probands and family members of all recruited families and sporadic FSGS cases.

Results
Using WES, we have identified a novel heterozygous missense variant (c.T1655C:p.V552A) in exportin 5 gene (XPO5) in two families (FS-133 and CKD-05) affected with FSGS and CKD. Sanger sequencing has confirmed the co-segregation of this identified variant in an autosomal dominant pattern within two families, while this variant was absent in healthy controls. Furthermore, the identified mutation was absent in 195 ethnically matched healthy controls by Sanger sequencing. Subsequently, in silico analysis demonstrated that the identified variant was highly conservative in evolution and likely to be pathogenic.

Conclusions
Our study reports an adult-onset autosomal dominant inheritance of the XPO5 variant in familial FSGS for the first time. Our study expanded the understanding of the genotypic, phenotypic and ethnical spectrum of mutation in this gene.
Development of a novel BRCAness score that predicts response to PARP inhibitors
Authors: Oshi Masanori , Gandhi Shipra , Wu Rongrong , Asaoka Mariko , Yan Li , Yamada Akimitsu , Yamamoto Shinya , Narui Kazutaka , Chishima Takashi , Ishikawa Takashi , Endo Itaru , Takabe Kazuaki 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
BRCAness is a characteristic feature of homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) mimicking BRCA gene mutation in breast cancer. We hypothesized that a measure to quantify BRCAness that causes synthetic lethality in BRCA mutated tumors will identify responders to PARP inhibitors.

Methods
A total of 6753 breast cancer patients from 3 large independent cohorts were analyzed. A score was generated by transcriptomic profiling using gene set variation analysis algorithm on 34 BRCA1-mutation related genes selected by high AUC levels in ROC curve between BRCA1 mutation and wildtype breast cancer.

Results
The score was significantly associated with BRCA1 mutation, high mutation load and intratumoral heterogeneity as expected, as well as with high HRD, DNA repair and MKi67 expression regardless of BRCA mutations. High BRCAness tumors enriched not only DNA repair, but also all five Hallmark cell proliferation-related gene sets. High BRCAness tumors were significantly associated with higher cytolytic activity and with higher anti-cancerous immune cell infiltration. Not only did the breast cancer cell lines with BRCA-mutation show high score, but even the other cells in human breast cancer tumor microenvironment were contributing to the score. The BRCAness score was the highest in triple-negative breast cancer consistently in all 3 cohorts. BRCAness was associated with response to chemotherapy and correlated strongly with response to PARP inhibitor in both triple-negative and ER-positive/HER2-negative breast cancer.

Conclusions
We established a novel BRCAness score using BRCA-mutation-related gene expressions and found that it associates with DNA repair and predicts response to PARP inhibitors regardless of BRCA mutation.
Readiness and willingness of Malaysian community pharmacists in providing vaccination services
Authors: Ang Wei Chern , Fadzil Mohamad Syafuan , Ishak Fatin Najihah , Adenan Nassrah Norissya , Nik Mohamed Mohamad Haniki 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Vaccination is an effective public health intervention in reducing morbidity and mortality of infectious diseases. Compared to other countries where community pharmacists (CPs) administer vaccines, CPs in Malaysia are not authorised. This study aimed to assess CPs' readiness and willingness to provide vaccination in Malaysia, identify potential barriers to and factors supporting the provision of this service.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted among Malaysian CPs from April to June 2021. A validated online questionnaire was distributed through social media, instant messaging, email, and pharmacy societies.

Results
Of 492 CPs recruited throughout Malaysia, 439 (89.2%) expressed willingness to provide vaccination services to the public, 403 (81.9%) agreed with the accessibility of community pharmacies to the public, and 73.4% agreed that their role in vaccination could help to improve the overall vaccination coverage rate. The lack of pharmacist training in vaccination and concerns on maintaining patient safety were identified as barriers to CPs' implementation of vaccination services, with 52.8% and 47.8% of them agreeing, respectively. Training sessions and operational guidelines on providing vaccination services are required to overcome the barriers.

Conclusion
CPs in Malaysia were ready and willing to provide vaccination services to the public. However, the implementation demands training workshops and re-evaluation of CPs in public vaccination programmes by Malaysian healthcare policymakers.
A novel rotation method with variable-angle anterior probe for correcting the depth of the kidney to optimize renal dynamic imaging
Authors: Wei Hua , Han Ke , Wu Jiaojiao , Hu Guang , Wu Zhifang , Wang Hongliang , Guo Xiaoshan , Hou Yansong , Wang Rui , Li Sijin 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Purpose
We aimed to investigate the effect and significance of the rotation method with variable-angle anterior probe corrected for the depth of two kidneys on the determination of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in total and single kidneys by the renal dynamic imaging Gates method.

Methods
Seventy-two patients who underwent dynamic renal imaging by the rotation method and abdominal CT in our hospital were collected in the present study. CT scanning, rotation method, Tonnesen's formula, and Li-Qian's formula were compared in terms of the depth of two kidneys, the depth difference between the two kidneys, and the total renal and single GFR obtained by substituting the renal depth values into Gates' formula.

Results
①The depth of kidneys and GFR: Compared to CT, Tonnesen's formula significantly underestimated the depth of both kidneys and the total and single renal GFR (P < 0.05). No significant differences were found in the depth of both kidneys and the total and single renal GFR between Li-Qian's formula and the rotation method (P > 0.05), with a strong agreement and with the least bias in the values measured by the rotation method. ②Renal depth difference: Compared to CT, Tonnesen's formula and Li-Qian's formula underestimated the difference in depth between the two kidneys (P < 0.05). None of the differences were statistically significant based on the rotation method (P > 0.05). The depth difference was positively correlated with the resulting changes in single renal function (|R(CT)-R(Li-Qian)|) and (|R(Rotation)-R(Li-Qian)|) (r = 0.881, 0.641, P < 0.001). As the depth difference increased, Li-Qian's formula could not visualize changes in single renal function accurately. In contrast, the accuracy of the rotation method in assessing single renal function remains unaffected.

Conclusion
The rotation method obtains an accurate depth and depth difference between the two kidneys without additional CT radiation, enhancing the accuracy of the Gates method for determining total and single renal GFR.
Trial registration Medical Ethics Committee of First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, 2021BAL0146. Registered 12 January 2021.
Oocyte quality assessment in marine invertebrates: a novel approach by fluorescence spectroscopy
Authors: Gallo Alessandra , Esposito Maria Consiglia , Boni Raffaele , Tosti Elisabetta 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
The assessment of oocyte quality is, nowadays, a major challenge in aquaculture, oocyte cryopreservation, and environmental science. Oocyte quality is a determining factor in fertilization and embryo development; however, there is still a lack of rapid and sensitive cellular markers for its assessment. Currently, its estimation is predominantly based on morphological analysis, which is subjective and does not consistently reflect the developmental competence of the oocytes. Despite several recent studies investigating molecular markers related to oocyte quality, methods currently available for their determination pose various technical challenges and limitations. In this study, we developed a novel approach based on fluorescence spectroscopy to assess different intrinsic physiological parameters that can be employed to evaluate egg quality in marine invertebrates that are widely used as animal models such as sea urchins and mussels.

Results
Different physiological parameters, such as viability, mitochondrial activity, intracellular ROS levels, plasma membrane lipid peroxidation, and intracellular pH, for egg quality evaluation have been successfully assessed in sea urchins and mussels by using specific fluorescent dyes and detecting the fluorescent signals in eggs through fluorescence spectroscopy.

Conclusions
Based on our findings, we propose these physiological markers as useful predictors of egg quality in marine invertebrates; they can be estimated rapidly, selectively, and sensitively by employing this novel approach, which, due to the speed of analysis, the low cost, and easy use can be considered a powerful analytical tool for the egg quality assessment.
Association between cumulative cisplatin dose and reproductive and sexual functions in patients with malignant ovarian germ cell tumors treated with bleomycin, etoposide, and cisplatin therapy: a case series study
Authors: Akasaka Miki , Hirai Toshinori , Yoshida Kenta , Kondo Eiji , Ikeda Tomoaki , Iwamoto Takuya 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
The impact of cumulative dose of cisplatin on gonadal function has not been clarified. We evaluated whether the cumulative cisplatin dose affects the resumption of menses in patients treated with bleomycin, etoposide, and cisplatin (BEP).

Main body
A case series study of women < 40 years with malignant ovarian germ cell tumors receiving BEP was conducted at Mie University Hospital. Using linear regression analysis, the correlation between the cumulative dose and resumption of menses was determined. Additionally, we compared the resumption of menses stratified by age (age < 20 years or ≥ 20 years). Ten women (median age: 20 [interquartile range: 15–26] years) have received a median of 4 cycles of BEP. The median period of resumption of menses was 5 months, which had no correlation with cumulative doses of bleomycin (143 mg/m2 [71–220], y = -0.0069 x + 6.15, r = 0.19, P = 0.60), etoposide (1,533 mg/m2 [900–2,000], y = 0.0004 x + 4.56, r = 0.08, P = 0.82), and cisplatin (363 mg/m2 [225–400], y = 0.01 x + 1.67, r = 0.35, P = 0.32). Although the resumption of menses was comparable across ages, the cumulative doses of cisplatin were higher in patients aged < 20 years than in those aged ≥ 20 years (400 mg/m2 [363–450] vs. 225 mg/m2 [225–350], P = 0.02). Similarly, patients aged < 20 years had a higher cumulative etoposide dose than those aged ≥ 20 years (2,000 mg/m2 [1,533–2,250] vs. 900 mg/m2[900–1,600], P = 0.03). Moreover, patients aged < 20 years received more cycles of BEP than those aged ≥ 20 years (4 cycles vs. 3 cycles, P = 0.03).

Short conclusion
All patients can recover menses after BEP, and the resumption of menses appeared at the median period of 5 months after BEP. The timing of menses resumption did not correlate with the cumulative doses of cisplatin.
Auditory rhythmical cueing to improve gait in community-dwelling stroke survivors (ACTIVATE): a pilot randomised controlled trial
Authors: Shaw Lisa , McCue Patricia , Brown Philip , Buckley Christopher , Del Din Silvia , Francis Richard , Hunter Heather , Lambert Allen , Lord Sue , Price Christopher I. M. , Rodgers Helen , Rochester Lynn , Moore Sarah A. 
Published: November 2022

Abstract
Background
Gait impairment limiting mobility and restricting activities is common after stroke. Auditory rhythmical cueing (ARC) uses a metronome beat delivered during exercise to train stepping and early work reports gait improvements. This study aimed to establish the feasibility of a full scale multicentre randomised controlled trial to evaluate an ARC gait and balance training programme for use by stroke survivors in the home and outdoors.

Methods
A parallel-group observer-blind pilot randomised controlled trial was conducted. Adults within 2 years of stroke with a gait-related mobility impairment were recruited from four NHS stroke services and randomised to an ARC gait and balance training programme (intervention) or the training programme without ARC (control). Both programmes consisted of 3x30 min sessions per week for 6 weeks undertaken at home/nearby outdoor community. One session per week was supervised and the remainder self-managed. Gait and balance performance assessments were undertaken at baseline, 6 and 10 weeks. Key trial outcomes included recruitment and retention rates, programme adherence, assessment data completeness and safety.

Results
Between November 2018 and February 2020, 59 participants were randomised (intervention n=30, control n=29), mean recruitment rate 4/month. At baseline, 6 weeks and 10 weeks, research assessments were conducted for 59/59 (100%), 47/59 (80%) and 42/59 (71%) participants, respectively. Missing assessments were largely due to discontinuation of data collection from mid-March 2020 because of the UK COVID-19 pandemic lockdown. The proportion of participants with complete data for each individual performance assessment ranged from 100% at baseline to 68% at 10 weeks. In the intervention group, 433/540 (80%) total programme exercise sessions were undertaken, in the control group, 390/522 (75%). Falls were reported by five participants in the intervention group, six in the control group. Three serious adverse events occurred, all unrelated to the study.

Conclusion
We believe that a definitive multicentre RCT to evaluate the ARC gait and balance training programme is feasible. Recruitment, programme adherence and safety were all acceptable. Although we consider that the retention rate and assessment data completeness were not sufficient for a future trial, this was largely due to the UK COVID-19 pandemic lockdown.

Trial registration
ISRCTN, ISRCTN10874601, Registered on 05/03/2018,
Research on the relationship between serum indoxyl sulfate concentration and iron dynamics index in patients with end-stage kidney disease: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Yoshida Takuya , Tsujimoto Masayuki , Kawakami Sachiyo , Fujioka Haruno , Irie Yuko , Nakatani Saki , Iso Ayako , Sugiyama Ayaka , Miyake Mizuho , Hirato Kazumi , Tanaka Rie , Oda Tomoko , Furukubo Taku , Izumi Satoshi , Yamakawa Tomoyuki , Minegaki Tetsuya , Nishiguchi Kohshi 
Published: November 2022

AbstractBackgroundChronic kidney disease (CKD) is frequently associated with renal anemia. Erythropoiesis-stimulating agent-hyporesponsive anemia is often caused by iron deficiency in patients with CKD. We hypothesized that high accumulation of indoxyl sulfate, a uremic toxin, accelerates iron deficiency in patients with CKD. The aim of this study was to clarify whether the accumulation of indoxyl sulfate is a cause of iron deficiency in patients with CKD. Therefore, we investigated the association between serum indoxyl sulfate concentration and iron dynamics in patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD).MethodsWe performed a cross-sectional study on 37 non-dialyzed patients with ESKD, who were hospitalized to undergo maintenance hemodialysis treatment at Shirasagi Hospital. Serum indoxyl sulfate concentration, iron dynamics parameters and other laboratory data were measured immediately before the initiation of hemodialysis treatment. Clinical characteristics were obtained from electronic medical records.ResultsThe estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of 37 patients with ESKD was 5.08 (3.78–7.97) mL/min/1.73 m2(median [range]). Serum ferritin and transferrin saturation (TSAT) were 90 (10–419) ng/mL and 20 (8–59)% (median [range]), respectively. Serum indoxyl sulfate concentration was 62 (11–182) μM (median [range]). Serum indoxyl sulfate concentration was inversely correlated with serum ferritin level (ρ = − 0.422,p = 0.011), but not with TSAT, age, gender, eGFR and c-reactive protein (CRP) in 37 patients. In eight patients taking iron-containing agents, serum indoxyl sulfate concentration was strongly correlated with serum ferritin level (ρ = − 0.796,p = 0.037); however, in 29 patients not taking an iron-containing agent, this correlation was not observed (ρ = − 0.336,p = 0.076). In the multivariate analysis including age, gender, eGFR and CRP, the correlation between serum indoxyl sulfate concentration tended to be, but not significantly correlated with serum ferritin level in 37 patients (regression coefficient = − 54.343,p = 0.137).ConclusionOur study suggests that serum accumulation of indoxyl sulfate is one of causes not to increase serum ferritin level in patients with ESKD taking an iron-containing agent. Further clinical study is needed to reveal the appreciable relationship between serum ferritin and serum indoxyl sulfate.