bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mode-localized accelerometer in the nonlinear Duffing regime with 75 ng bias instability and 95 ng/√Hz noise floor
Authors: Zhang Hemin , Pandit Milind , Sobreviela Guillermo , Parajuli Madan , Chen Dongyang , Sun Jiangkun , Zhao Chun , Seshia Ashwin A. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractMode-localized sensors have attracted attention because of their high parametric sensitivity and first-order common-mode rejection to temperature drift. The high-fidelity detection of resonator amplitude is critical to determining the resolution of mode-localized sensors where the measured amplitude ratio in a system of coupled resonators represents the output metric. Operation at specific bifurcation points in a nonlinear regime can potentially improve the amplitude bias stability; however, the amplitude ratio scale factor to the input measurand in a nonlinear regime has not been fully investigated. This paper theoretically and experimentally elucidates the operation of mode-localized sensors with respect to stiffness perturbations (or an external acceleration field) in a nonlinear Duffing regime. The operation of a mode-localized accelerometer is optimized with the benefit of the insights gained from theoretical analysis with operation in the nonlinear regime close to the top critical bifurcation point. The phase portraits of the amplitudes of the two resonators under different drive forces are recorded to support the experimentally observed improvements for velocity random walk. Employing temperature control to suppress the phase and amplitude variations induced by the temperature drift, 1/fnoise at the operation frequency is significantly reduced. A prototype accelerometer device demonstrates a noise floor of 95 ng/√Hz and a bias instability of 75 ng, establishing a new benchmark for accelerometers employing vibration mode localization as a sensing paradigm. A mode-localized accelerometer is first employed to record microseismic noise in a university laboratory environment.
Genome-wide association meta-analysis identifies 29 new acne susceptibility loci
Authors: Mitchell Brittany L. , Saklatvala Jake R. , Dand Nick , Hagenbeek Fiona A. , Li Xin , Min Josine L. , Thomas Laurent , Bartels Meike , Jan Hottenga Jouke , Lupton Michelle K. , Boomsma Dorret I. , Dong Xianjun , Hveem Kristian , Løset Mari , Martin Nicholas G. , Barker Jonathan N. , Han Jiali , Smith Catherine H. , Rentería Miguel E. , Simpson Michael A. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAcne vulgaris is a highly heritable skin disorder that primarily impacts facial skin. Severely inflamed lesions may leave permanent scars that have been associated with long-term psychosocial consequences. Here, we perform a GWAS meta-analysis comprising 20,165 individuals with acne from nine independent European ancestry cohorts. We identify 29 novel genome-wide significant loci and replicate 14 of the 17 previously identified risk loci, bringing the total number of reported acne risk loci to 46. Using fine-mapping and eQTL colocalisation approaches, we identify putative causal genes at several acne susceptibility loci that have previously been implicated in Mendelian hair and skin disorders, including pustular psoriasis. We identify shared genetic aetiology between acne, hormone levels, hormone-sensitive cancers and psychiatric traits. Finally, we show that a polygenic risk score calculated from our results explains up to 5.6% of the variance in acne liability in an independent cohort.
Selective catalytic oxidation of ammonia to nitric oxide via chemical looping
Authors: Ruan Chongyan , Wang Xijun , Wang Chaojie , Zheng Lirong , Li Lin , Lin Jian , Liu Xiaoyan , Li Fanxing , Wang Xiaodong 
Published: February 2022

AbstractSelective oxidation of ammonia to nitric oxide over platinum-group metal alloy gauzes is the crucial step for nitric acid production, a century-old yet greenhouse gas and capital intensive process. Therefore, developing alternative ammonia oxidation technologies with low environmental impacts and reduced catalyst cost are of significant importance. Herein, we propose and demonstrate a chemical looping ammonia oxidation catalyst and process to replace the costly noble metal catalysts and to reduce greenhouse gas emission. The proposed process exhibit near complete NH3conversion and exceptional NO selectivity with negligible N2O production, using nonprecious V2O5redox catalyst at 650oC. Operando spectroscopy techniques and density functional theory calculations point towards a modified, temporally separated Mars-van Krevelen mechanism featuring a reversible V5+/V4+redox cycle. The V = O sites are suggested to be the catalytically active center leading to the formation of the oxidation products. Meanwhile, both V = O and doubly coordinated oxygen participate in the hydrogen transfer process. The outstanding performance originates from the low activation energies for the successive hydrogen abstraction, facile NO formation as well as the easy regeneration of V = O species. Our results highlight a transformational process in extending the chemical looping strategy to producing base chemicals in a sustainable and cost-effective manner.
Interface engineering of Ta3N5 thin film photoanode for highly efficient photoelectrochemical water splitting
Authors: Fu Jie , Fan Zeyu , Nakabayashi Mamiko , Ju Huanxin , Pastukhova Nadiia , Xiao Yequan , Feng Chao , Shibata Naoya , Domen Kazunari , Li Yanbo 
Published: February 2022

AbstractInterface engineering is a proven strategy to improve the efficiency of thin film semiconductor based solar energy conversion devices. Ta3N5 thin film photoanode is a promising candidate for photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting. Yet, a concerted effort to engineer both the bottom and top interfaces of Ta3N5 thin film photoanode is still lacking. Here, we employ n-type In:GaN and p-type Mg:GaN to modify the bottom and top interfaces of Ta3N5 thin film photoanode, respectively. The obtained In:GaN/Ta3N5/Mg:GaN heterojunction photoanode shows enhanced bulk carrier separation capability and better injection efficiency at photoanode/electrolyte interface, which lead to a record-high applied bias photon-to-current efficiency of 3.46% for Ta3N5-based photoanode. Furthermore, the roles of the In:GaN and Mg:GaN layers are distinguished through mechanistic studies. While the In:GaN layer contributes mainly to the enhanced bulk charge separation efficiency, the Mg:GaN layer improves the surface charge inject efficiency. This work demonstrates the crucial role of proper interface engineering for thin film-based photoanode in achieving efficient PEC water splitting.
Plant-water sensitivity regulates wildfire vulnerability
Authors: Rao Krishna , Williams A. Park , Diffenbaugh Noah S. , Yebra Marta , Konings Alexandra G. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractExtreme wildfires extensively impact human health and the environment. Increasing vapour pressure deficit (VPD) has led to a chronic increase in wildfire area in the western United States, yet some regions have been more affected than others. Here we show that for the same increase in VPD, burned area increases more in regions where vegetation moisture shows greater sensitivity to water limitation (plant-water sensitivity; R2 = 0.71). This has led to rapid increases in human exposure to wildfire risk, both because the population living in areas with high plant-water sensitivity grew 50% faster during 1990–2010 than in other wildland–urban interfaces and because VPD has risen most rapidly in these vulnerable areas. As plant-water sensitivity is strongly linked to wildfire vulnerability, accounting for ecophysiological controls should improve wildfire forecasts. If recent trends in VPD and demographic shifts continue, human wildfire risk will probably continue to increase.
HR-Bac, a toolbox based on homologous recombination for expression, screening and production of multiprotein complexes using the baculovirus expression system
Authors: Kolesnikova Olga , Zachayus Amélie , Pichard Simon , Osz Judit , Rochel Natacha , Rossolillo Paola , Kolb-Cheynel Isabelle , Troffer-Charlier Nathalie , Compe Emmanuel , Bensaude Olivier , Berger Imre , Poterszman Arnaud 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe Baculovirus/insect cell expression system is a powerful technology for reconstitution of eukaryotic macromolecular assemblies. Most multigene expression platforms rely on Tn7-mediated transposition for transferring the expression cassette into the baculoviral genome. This allows a rigorous characterization of recombinant bacmids but involves multiple steps, a limitation when many constructs are to be tested. For parallel expression screening and potential high throughput applications, we have established an open source multigene-expression toolbox exploiting homologous recombination, thus reducing the recombinant baculovirus generation to a single-step procedure and shortening the time from cloning to protein production to 2 weeks. The HR-bac toolbox is composed of a set of engineered bacmids expressing a fluorescent marker to monitor virus propagation and a library of transfer vectors. They contain single or dual expression cassettes bearing different affinity tags and their design facilitates the mix and match utilization of expression units from Multibac constructs. The overall cost of virus generation with HR-bac toolbox is relatively low as the preparation of linearized baculoviral DNA only requires standard reagents. Various multiprotein assemblies (nuclear hormone receptor heterodimers, the P-TEFb or the ternary CAK kinase complex associated with the XPD TFIIH subunit) are used as model systems to validate the toolbox presented.
Impact of COVID-19 forecast visualizations on pandemic risk perceptions
Authors: Padilla Lace , Hosseinpour Helia , Fygenson Racquel , Howell Jennifer , Chunara Rumi , Bertini Enrico 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPeople worldwide use SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) visualizations to make life and death decisions about pandemic risks. Understanding how these visualizations influence risk perceptions to improve pandemic communication is crucial. To examine how COVID-19 visualizations influence risk perception, we conducted two experiments online in October and December of 2020 (N= 2549) where we presented participants with 34 visualization techniques (available at the time of publication on the CDC’s website) of the same COVID-19 mortality data. We found that visualizing data using a cumulative scale consistently led to participants believing that they and others were at more risk than before viewing the visualizations. In contrast, visualizing the same data with a weekly incident scale led to variable changes in risk perceptions. Further, uncertainty forecast visualizations also affected risk perceptions, with visualizations showing six or more models increasing risk estimates more than the others tested. Differences between COVID-19 visualizations of the same data produce different risk perceptions, fundamentally changing viewers’ interpretation of information.
Role of mitochondrial genetic interactions in determining adaptation to high altitude human population
Authors: Verma Rahul K. , Kalyakulina Alena , Mishra Ankit , Ivanchenko Mikhail , Jalan Sarika 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPhysiological and haplogroup studies performed to understand high-altitude adaptation in humans are limited to individual genes and polymorphic sites. Due to stochastic evolutionary forces, the frequency of a polymorphism is affected by changes in the frequency of a near-by polymorphism on the same DNA sample making them connected in terms of evolution. Here, first, we provide a method to model these mitochondrial polymorphisms as “co-mutation networks” for three high-altitude populations, Tibetan, Ethiopian and Andean. Then, by transforming these co-mutation networks into weighted and undirected gene–gene interaction (GGI) networks, we were able to identify functionally enriched genetic interactions ofCYBandCO3genes in Tibetan and Andean populations, while NADH dehydrogenase genes in the Ethiopian population playing a significant role in high altitude adaptation. These co-mutation based genetic networks provide insights into the role of different set of genes in high-altitude adaptation in human sub-populations.
Preclinical cerebral cryoablation in non-tumor bearing pigs
Authors: Jankovic Irena , Poulsen Frantz Rom , Pedersen Christian Bonde , Kristensen Bjarne Winther , Schytte Tine , Andersen Thomas Lund , Langhorn Louise , Graumann Ole , Krone Willy , Høilund-Carlsen Poul Flemming , Halle Bo 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPatients with brain metastases, the most common intracranial tumor, have an average survival ranging from a few months to 40 months, and new treatment initiatives are needed. Cryoablation is a minimally invasive, well-tolerated, and effective procedure commonly applied for treatment of renal tumors and certain other malignancies. We aimed to examine the clinical usefulness of this procedure in a step-by-step program starting with cerebral cryoablation in healthy pigs. In four terminal and four non-terminal non-tumor bearing pigs, we studied immediate and delayed effects of cerebral cryoablation. Safety was assessed by computed tomography (CT), and clinical observation of behavior, neurological deficits, and wellbeing. Effects were assessed by histological and immuno-histochemical analyses addressing structural and metabolic changes supported by additional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET) in the non-terminal animals. Using CT-guidance, cryoablation probes were successfully inserted without complications, and ice formation could be monitored real-time with CT. No animal developed neurological deficits or signs of discomfort. Histological and immunohistochemical analyses, MRI, and PET revealed profound structural and biological damage within the lesion. MRI and PET revealed no long-term damage to healthy tissue outside the cryoablation zone. Cerebral cryoablation appears to be a feasible, safe, and controllable procedure that can be monitored successfully with CT. The net effect is a dead brain lesion without damage of either nearby or remote healthy structures. Immediate changes are local hemorrhage and edema; delayed effects are perfusion defects, immune system activation, and astrogliosis.
Brain structural and functional correlates to defense-related inhibition of muscle sympathetic nerve activity in man
Authors: Riaz Bushra , Eskelin John J. , Lundblad Linda C. , Wallin B. Gunnar , Karlsson Tomas , Starck Göran , Lundqvist Daniel , Oostenveld Robert , Schneiderman Justin F. , Elam Mikael 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAn individual’s blood pressure (BP) reactivity to stress is linked to increased risk of hypertension and cardiovascular disease. However, inter- and intra-individual BP variability makes understanding the coupling between stress, BP reactivity, and long-term outcomes challenging. Previous microneurographic studies of sympathetic signaling to muscle vasculature (i.e. muscle sympathetic nerve activity, MSNA) have established a neural predictor for an individual’s BP reactivity during short-lasting stress. Unfortunately, this method is invasive, technically demanding, and time-consuming and thus not optimal for widespread use. Potential central nervous system correlates have not been investigated. We used MagnetoEncephaloGraphy and Magnetic Resonance Imaging to search for neural correlates to sympathetic response profiles within the central autonomic network and sensorimotor (Rolandic) regions in 20 healthy young males. The main correlates include (a) Rolandic beta rebound and an anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) response elicited by sudden stimulation and (b) cortical thickness in the ACC. Our findings highlight the involvement of the ACC in reactions to stress entailing peripheral sympathetic responses to environmental stimuli. The Rolandic response furthermore indicates a surprisingly strong link between somatosensory and autonomic processes. Our results thus demonstrate the potential in using non-invasive neuroimaging-based measures of stress-related MSNA reactions, previously assessed only using invasive microneurography.
Scalp recorded theta activity is modulated by reward, direction, and speed during virtual navigation in freely moving humans
Authors: Lin Mei-Heng , Liran Omer , Bauer Neeta , Baker Travis E. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractTheta oscillations (~ 4–12 Hz) are dynamically modulated by speed and direction in freely moving animals. However, due to the paucity of electrophysiological recordings of freely moving humans, this mechanism remains poorly understood. Here, we combined mobile-EEG with fully immersive virtual-reality to investigate theta dynamics in 22 healthy adults (aged 18–29 years old) freely navigating a T-maze to find rewards. Our results revealed three dynamic periods of theta modulation: (1) theta power increases coincided with the participants’ decision-making period; (2) theta power increased for fast and leftward trials as subjects approached the goal location; and (3) feedback onset evoked two phase-locked theta bursts over the right temporal and frontal-midline channels. These results suggest that recording scalp EEG in freely moving humans navigating a simple virtual T-maze can be utilized as a powerful translational model by which to map theta dynamics during “real-life” goal-directed behavior in both health and disease.
Programmable polymorphism of a virus-like particle
Authors: Biela Artur P. , Naskalska Antonina , Fatehi Farzad , Twarock Reidun , Heddle Jonathan G. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractVirus-like particles (VLPs) have significant potential as artificial vaccines and drug delivery systems. The ability to control their size has wide ranging utility but achieving such controlled polymorphism using a single protein subunit is challenging as it requires altering VLP geometry. Here we achieve size control of MS2 bacteriophage VLPs via insertion of amino acid sequences in an external loop to shift morphology to significantly larger forms. The resulting VLP size and geometry is controlled by altering the length and type of the insert. Cryo electron microscopy structures of the new VLPs, in combination with a kinetic model of their assembly, show that the abundance of wild type (T = 3), T = 4, D3 and D5 symmetrical VLPs can be biased in this way. We propose a mechanism whereby the insert leads to a change in the dynamic behavior of the capsid protein dimer, affecting the interconversion between the symmetric and asymmetric conformers and thus determining VLP size and morphology.
Mantle plume and rift-related volcanism during the evolution of the Rio Grande Rise
Authors: Hoyer Patrick A. , Haase Karsten M. , Regelous Marcel , O’Connor John M. , Homrighausen Stephan , Geissler Wolfram H. , Jokat Wilfried 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe Rio Grande Rise in the western South Atlantic Ocean has been interpreted as either an oceanic plateau related to the Tristan-Gough mantle plume, or a fragment of detached continental crust. Here we present new major and trace element data for volcanic rocks from the western and eastern Rio Grande Rise and the adjacent Jean Charcot Seamount Chain. The eastern Rio Grande Rise and older parts of the western Rio Grande Rise are comprised of tholeiitic basalt with moderately enriched trace element compositions and likely formed above the Tristan-Gough mantle plume close to the southern Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Younger alkalic lavas from the western Rio Grande Rise and the Jean Charcot Seamount Chain were formed by lower degrees of melting beneath thicker lithosphere in an intraplate setting possibly during rifting of the plateau. There is no clear geochemical evidence that remnants of continental crust are present beneath the Rio Grande Rise.
Investigating Bilateral Cochlear Implant Users' Localization of Amplitude- and Time-Panned Stimuli Produced Over a Limited Loudspeaker Arrangement
Authors: Fernandez Janani , Sivonen Ville , Pulkki Ville 
Published: February 2022

Objective:
The objective of this study was to investigate the localization ability of bilateral cochlear implant (BiCI) users for virtual sound sources produced over a limited loudspeaker arrangement.

Design:
Ten BiCI users and 10 normal-hearing subjects participated in listening tests in which amplitude- and time-panned virtual sound sources were produced over a limited loudspeaker setup with varying azimuth angles. Three stimuli were utilized: speech, bandpassed pink noise between 20 Hz and 1 kHz, and bandpassed pink noise between 1 kHz and 8 kHz. The data were collected via a two-alternative forced-choice procedure and used to calculate the minimum audible angle (MAA) of each subject, which was subsequently compared to the results of previous studies in which real sound sources were employed.

Result:
The median MAAs of the amplitude-panned speech, low-frequency pink noise, and high-frequency pink noise stimuli for the BiCI group were calculated to be 20°, 38°, and 12°, respectively. For the time-panned stimuli, the MAAs of the BiCI group for all three stimuli were calculated to be close to the upper limit of the listening test.

Conclusions:
The computed MAAs of the BiCI group for amplitude-panned speech were marginally larger than BiCI users' previously reported MAAs for real sound sources, whereas their computed MAAs for the time-panned stimuli were significantly larger. Subsequent statistical analysis indicated a statistically significant difference in the performances of the BiCI group in localizing the amplitude-panned sources and the time-panned sources. It follows that time-panning over limited loudspeaker arrangements may not be a useful clinical tool, whereas amplitude-panning utilizing such a setup may be further explored as such. Additionally, a comparison with the patient demographics indicated correlations between the results and the patients' age at time of diagnoses and the time passed between date of diagnosis and their implant surgeries.
Spanish Translation, Face Validity, and Reliability of the ICIQ-B Questionnaire with Colorectal Cancer Patients
Authors: Sacomori Cinara , Lorca Luz Alejandra , Martinez-Mardones Mónica , Benavente Paulina , Plasser Jorge , Pardoe Megan 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Purpose To describe the English-to-Spanish translation process and preliminary psychometric analysis (face validity, cultural adaptation, and test-retest reliability) of the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire – Bowels Module (ICIQ-B) among Chilean colorectal cancer patients.
Materials and Methods The face validity was studied with 10 colorectal cancer patients, and the test-retest reliability, with 15 patients, 1 month before and 6 months after cancer surgery.
Results Two rounds of translation/back translation resulted in a Spanish version. The English expression open your bowels was translated as defecar, as it is easily understandable in Spanish. The patients reported that the instrument was easy to answer, with clear instructions, and that it was adequate to appraise their health condition. The test-retest reliability was good (Spearman rho [ρ] ≥ 0.842); only item 15a, the Bristol Stool Scale, obtained a moderate correlation (ρ = 0.639). The patients reported a variety of symptoms, including increased bowel movements, nocturnal bowel movements, fecal urgency, and incontinence.
Conclusions The first Spanish version of the ICIQ-B was culturally adapted for Chilean colorectal cancer patients, and showed good test-retest reliability. It might be a reference for other Spanish-speaking countries and for patients with other conditions. The ICIQ-B is a robust comprehensive questionnaire for bowel function.