bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Parechovirus A infection and risk of gastroenteritis in children: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Zhang Minyi , Wu Fei , Liang Minyi , Xian Juxian , Zheng Liting , Li Qiushuang , Chen Qing 
Published: July 2022

AbstractParechovirus A (PeV‐A) belongs to the genus Parechovirus in the family Picornaviridae associated with gastroenteritis illness, particularly in children, but prior studies have produced ambiguous results. This study aimed to provide a systematic review of the PeV‐A prevalence in paediatric patients with gastroenteritis and the association between PeV‐A infection and the risk of gastroenteritis. A systematic search of the literature was conducted in Embase, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, in combination with the reference lists of potentially relevant articles. A random effect‐based model was applied to analyse data from included studies. The pooled odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were used for assessing the risk between PeV‐A and gastroenteritis. A total of 41 studies assessing 21,850 cases and 1746 healthy controls were analysed. The overall prevalence of PeV‐A among paediatric patients with gastroenteritis was 10.4% (95% CI: 7.9%–13.2%), while it was estimated at 8.1% (95% CI: 5.1%–11.7%) based on studies only investigating children without gastroenteritis. The pooled OR for all eight case‐control studies was 1.079 (95% CI: 0.730–1.597), indicating there was no statistically significant association. PeV‐A genotype 1 was the most frequent genotype of PeV‐A infection in children with gastroenteritis. The PeV‐A prevalence in cases of gastroenteritis is higher than that in children without gastroenteritis. However, the present meta‐analysis did not indicate a statistically significant association between PeV‐A infection and risk of gastroenteritis. Given the considerable heterogeneity and various sample sizes among the included studies, relevant investigations in the future should be carried out based on a large‐scale population.
Evaluation of Wound‐Healing Activity ofSecuridaca longepedunculataRoot Extract in Male Wistar Rats
Authors: Oluwaniyi Omolara O. , Adesibikan Ademidun A. , Emmanuel Stephen S. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractWound‐healing is a complex series of well‐coordinated cellular and biochemical happenings that reinstates the skin‘s integrity. Medicinal herbs offer a promising alternative than synthetic medications for wound‐healing because they have fewer adverse effects. This present study aims to evaluate wound‐healing potential of methanol extract ofS. longepedunculataroot (MESLR) in male rats. Some biological activities as well as phytochemical analysis were also carried out to elucidate the rationale of its wound‐healing potency. Alkaloids, flavonoids and terpenoids were found to be present amongst others with the saponin content being the chief [(22.80±0.87) g/100 g]. MESLR had a greater potential inhibiting the DPPH radicals at IC50of 5.5 μg/ml and % free radical inhibition of 86.03 % as well as the highest inhibiting potential 54.34 % in the anti‐inflammatory study. 100 % wound closure (p< 0.05) was observed with 2.0 g/10 g MESLR based‐ointment as against the negative control group before the 21stday while the subsequent groups and the standard treatment showed complete closure on the last day of the experiment. The histological examination showed more collagen formation, less inflammatory cell, increased fibroblast distribution, and keratin synthesis in all the groups except for the negative control group, which on the 21stday of the study demonstrated epithelial necrosis and severe epidermal deterioration. The foundational information presented from this study suggests the efficacy ofS. longepedunculatafor topical management and treatment of wounds in traditional medicine and this report is the earliest study of the use ofS. longepedunculataroot for wound‐healing.
Examining space, silence, and agency in language socialization of an international student in the EAP and mainstream courses
Authors: Soltani Behnam , Tran Ly 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis article draws on the concept of the Production of Space (Lefebvre, 1991) to interpret the silence of one female international student from Japan in two semesters of study in a New Zealand Tertiary institution. Data from an English for Academic Purposes course and mainstream courses, and from various sources including video/audio recordings of classroom interactions, interviews, diaries, field notes, institutional documents are presented. The findings show that silence is produced by the academic social space in three aspects of perceived, conceived, and lived. The new perceived space of learning positioned the focal student as unfamiliar in her new habitat. The conceived space also silenced the focal student because the conceived space exerted socio‐academic norms in which the individual was not invested. Finally, the lived space produced a silent individual in the sense that she appeared as less powerful in her interactions with other peers because her sociocultural and linguistic capabilities were not on a par with those of other peers. The study concludes that space is an active, dynamic, and social being that regulates the individual's interactions and that silence should be understood in relation to one's positioning by the social space, and the appropriation of space by the individual in social space. Notably, despite being positioned as a silent individual by the academic social space, the international student exercised agency both to respond to her specific temporal needs in the host learning context and to realize her future aspirations.
Getting your leadership game on in virtual environments
Authors: Jenkins Daniel M. , Pickett Meghan L. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis chapter explores strategies for using virtual games in leadership education. Pedagogical practices, examples, and connections to leadership learning frameworks, learning goals, and competencies are also included. Implications for practice such as intentional design, pairing with other instructional strategies, and debriefing are also discussed with an emphasis on purposeful utilization.
Role‐playing games in leadership learning
Authors: Lasley Joe 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis article describes a developmental framework for the application of role‐playing games (RPGs) in leadership learning. RPGs relate to leadership learning on a range of levels from individual development, to team building, to parallel group processes. The variety and depth of learning and development potential in RPGs is very exciting, particularly the potential for collective creativity associated with the need for leadership that transforms communities. Many established learning frameworks used for leadership/adult learning are included and an original framework for adopting a developmental understanding is explained.
Single‐player videogames in leadership learning
Authors: Bezio Kristin M. S. 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis article offers an overview and analysis of the ways in which first‐person videogames can be effectively used in the leadership classroom. Specifically, videogames can be used to encourage students to develop the skills necessary both to analyze leadership and to begin to consider the ramifications of leadership decisions from the varying positions of leaders, followers, and collaborative team members. This article discusses videogames as artifacts of popular culture and leadership and offers an example‐driven discussion of how specific games have been used in a leadership studies classroom to teach about and for leadership.
Some analytical solutions to peridynamic beam equations
Authors: Yang Zhenghao , Naumenko Konstantin , Altenbach Holm , Ma Chien‐Ching , Oterkus Erkan , Oterkus Selda 
Published: July 2022

AbstractPeridynamics (PD) has been introduced to account for long range internal force/moment interactions and to extend the classical continuum mechanics (CCM). PD equations of motion are derived in the form of integro‐differential equations and only few analytical solutions to these equations are presented in the literature. The aim of this paper is to present analytical solutions to PD beam equations for both static and dynamic loading conditions. Applying trigonometric series, general solutions for the deflection function are derived. For several examples in the static case including simply supported beam and cantilever beam, the coefficients in the series are presented in a closed analytical form. For the dynamic case, the solution is derived for a simply supported beam applying the variable separation with respect to the time and the axial coordinate. Several numerical cases are presented to illustrate the derived solutions. Furthermore, PD results are compared against results obtained from the classical beam theory (CBT). A very good agreement between these two different approaches is observed for the case of the small horizon sizes (HSs), which shows the capability of the current approach.
Lifetimes of singly charmed hadrons
Authors: Gratrex James , Melić Blaženka , Nišandžić Ivan 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
We provide an extensive study of the lifetimes of singly charmed baryons and mesons, within the heavy quark expansion with all known corrections included. A special attention is devoted to the choice of the charm mass and wavefunctions of heavy baryons. We give our predictions for lifetimes, lifetime ratios, and semileptonic branching ratios of singly charmed baryons. Our results accommodate the experimentally-favoured hierarchy of singly charmed baryon lifetimes$$ \tau \left({\Xi}_c^0\right)<\tau \left({\Lambda}_c^{+}\right)<\tau \left({\Omega}_c^0\right)<\tau \left({\Xi}_c^{+}\right), $$
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in contrast to earlier theoretical findings. Predictions for charmed meson lifetimes and semileptonic decay rates are in agreement with a recent comprehensive study and experimental results within uncertainties.
Baikov representations, intersection theory, and canonical Feynman integrals
Authors: Chen Jiaqi , Jiang Xuhang , Ma Chichuan , Xu Xiaofeng , Yang Li Lin 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The method of canonical differential equations is an important tool in the calculation of Feynman integrals in quantum field theories. It has been realized that the canonical bases are closely related to d-dimensional d log-form integrands. In this work, we explore the generalized loop-by-loop Baikov representation, and clarify its relation and difference with Feynman integrals using the language of intersection theory. We then utilize the generalized Baikov representation to construct d-dimensional d log-form integrands, and discuss how to convert them to Feynman integrals. We describe the technical details of our method, in particular how to deal with the difficulties encountered in the construction procedure. Our method provides a constructive approach to the problem of finding canonical bases of Feynman integrals, and we demonstrate its applicability to complicated scattering amplitudes involving multiple physical scales.
Probing axion-like particles coupling to gluons at the LHC
Authors: Ghebretinsae Filmon Andom , Wang Zeren Simon , Wang Kechen 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Assuming ALPs couple to gluons only, they can be produced via the pp → aj process and decay into two jets at the LHC. When the coupling parameter, $$ {C}_{\overset{\sim }{G}} $$

C

G
~

/fa, is small, the lifetime of ALPs can be long enough leading to displaced final state jets. In this paper, we consider the signal including both the prompt and long-lived cases of ALPs by employing a specialized Delphes module to handle displaced jets. Relevant background processes are generated and simulated at the detector level, and multivariate analyses based on machine-learning are performed to discriminate signal and background events and achieve the best sensitivities. Based on the data accumulated for this study, we forecast the expected upper limits on $$ {C}_{\overset{\sim }{G}} $$

C

G
~

/fa for ALP mass ma in the range 5–2300 GeV at 2-, 3- and 5-σ significances at the High Luminosity-LHC with 14 TeV center-of-mass energy and 3 ab−1 integrated luminosity. Vast previously unprobed regions in the parameter space spanned by $$ {C}_{\overset{\sim }{G}} $$

C

G
~

/fa and ma are probed and the best upper limits on $$ {C}_{\overset{\sim }{G}} $$

C

G
~

/fa at 2-σ significance are found to be around 1.0 × 10−2 TeV−1 for ma∼ 500 GeV. The ALP mass is reconstructed from the kinematics of final state jets and we find that it is measurable with this method when ma is below about 1 TeV at the HL-LHC. The effects of systematic uncertainties and validation of the EFT framework are also checked and discussed.
Searching for Kerr in the 2PM amplitude
Authors: Aoude Rafael , Haddad Kays , Helset Andreas 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The classical scattering of spinning objects is well described by the spinor-helicity formalism for heavy particles. Using these variables, we derive spurious-pole-free, all-spin opposite-helicity Compton amplitudes (factorizing on physical poles to the minimal, all-spin three-point amplitudes) in the classical limit for QED, QCD, and gravity. The cured amplitudes are subject to deformations by contact terms, the vast majority of whose contributions we can fix by imposing a relation between spin structures — motivated by lower spin multipoles of black hole scattering — at the second post-Minkowskian (2PM) order. For QED and gravity, this leaves a modest number of unfixed coefficients parametrizing contact-term deformations, while the QCD amplitude is uniquely determined. Our gravitational Compton amplitude allows us to push the state-of-the-art of spinning-2PM scattering to any order in the spin vectors of both objects; we present results here and in the supplementary material file 2PMSpin8Aux.nb up to eighth order in the spin vectors. Interestingly, despite leftover coefficients in the Compton amplitude, imposing the aforementioned relation between spin structures uniquely fixes some higher-spin parts of the 2PM amplitude.
The volume of the black hole interior at late times
Authors: Iliesiu Luca V. , Mezei Márk , Sárosi Gábor 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Understanding the fate of semi-classical black hole solutions at very late times is one of the most important open questions in quantum gravity. In this paper, we provide a path integral definition of the volume of the black hole interior and study it at arbitrarily late times for black holes in various models of two-dimensional gravity. Because of a novel universal cancellation between the contributions of the semi-classical black hole spectrum and some of its non-perturbative corrections, we find that, after a linear growth at early times, the length of the interior saturates at a time, and towards a value, that is exponentially large in the entropy of the black hole. This provides a non-perturbative test of the complexity equals volume proposal since complexity is also expected to plateau at the same value and at the same time.
Scale setting for large-N SUSY Yang-Mills on the lattice
Authors: Butti Pietro , Pérez Margarita García , González-Arroyo Antonio , Ishikawa Ken-Ichi , Okawa Masanori 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In this paper we study the large N limit of four-dimensional Supersymmetric Yang-Mills on the lattice using twisted reduced models. We have generated configurations with dynamical massive gluinos and various lattice ’t Hooft couplings, and verified that the Pfaffian remains positive. We have determined the lattice spacing in terms of various observables obtaining compatible results. Extrapolating to the massless gluino limit we obtain the lattice spacing dependence on the bare couplings for the supersymmetric theory. The observed dependence goes along the expected behaviour predicted by perturbation theory.
Gravitating spinning strings in AdS3
Authors: Maxfield Henry , Wang Zhencheng 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
In the AdS/CFT correspondence, single trace operators of large-N gauge theories at large spin J can be described by classical spinning strings, giving a geometric and classical description of their spectrum at strong coupling. We observe that in AdS3 these strings have significant gravitational back-reaction at sufficiently large spin, since the gravitational force does not decay at long distances. We construct solutions for folded spinning strings coupled to gravity in AdS3 and compute their spectrum, corresponding to the leading Regge trajectory of Virasroro primary operators. These solutions exist only below a maximal spin J < Jmax, and as J → Jmax the solution approaches an extremal rotating BTZ black hole.
Eigenvalue repulsions and quasinormal mode spectra of Kerr-Newman: an extended study
Authors: Dias Óscar J. C. , Godazgar Mahdi , Santos Jorge E. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
The frequency spectra of the gravito-electromagnetic perturbations of the Kerr-Newman (KN) black hole with the slowest decay rate have been computed recently. It has been found that KN has two families — the photon sphere and the near-horizon families — of quasinormal modes (QNMs), which display the interesting phenomenon of eigenvalue repulsion. The perturbation equations, in spite of being a coupled system of two PDEs, are amenable to an analytic solution using the method of separation of variables in a near-horizon expansion around the extremal KN black hole. This leads to an analytical formula for the QNM frequencies that provides an excellent approximation to the numerical data near-extremality. In the present manuscript we provide an extended study of these properties that were not detailed in the original studies. This includes: 1) a full derivation of a gauge invariant system of two coupled PDEs that describes the perturbation equations [1], 2) a derivation of the eikonal frequency approximation [2, 3] and its comparison with the numerical QNM data, 3) a derivation of the near-horizon frequency approximation [3] and its comparison with the numerical QNMs, and 4) more details on the phenomenon of eigenvalue repulsion (also known as level repulsion, avoided crossing or Wigner-Teller effect) and a first principles understanding of it that was missing in the previous studies. Moreover, we provide the frequency spectra of other KN QNM families of interest to demonstrate that they are more damped than the ones we discuss in full detail.
Climatological Study of SPEI Drought Index Using Observed and CRU Gridded Dataset over Ethiopia
Authors: Morsy Mostafa , Moursy Fawzia Ibrahim , Sayad Tarek , Shaban Shouk 
Published: July 2022

AbstractThis study aims to investigate the standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI) using the monthly observed and gridded Climate Research Unit (CRU) dataset across 13 stations in Ethiopia during the period 1970–2005. SPEI is computed at a 4-month timescale to represent drought during the Belg (February–May) and Kirmet (June–September) seasons separately, and at an 8-month timescale to represent the drought during these two seasons together (February–September). The results show that there are extremely strong correlations (R ≥ 0.8) between the estimated precipitation values from CRU and the observed values, with root mean square error (RMSE) of 4–99 mm and mean percentage error (MPE%) of −30 to 73% at most stations. For temperature and SPEI, the CRU shows almost strong correlations (0.6 ≤ R < 0.8), while the dominant values of RMSE and MPE are 0.7–5 °C and −22 to 26%, respectively, for temperature and 0.28–0.96 and −49 to 55%, respectively, for SPEI during the three seasons. It is also found that each of the SPEI clusters (dry, normal, and wet) estimated from CRU has a high success percentage (≥ 60%) at more than 50% of the stations, while the general accuracy exceeds 60% for the three SPEI clusters together at more than 75% of the stations. Finally, the correct hits for the estimated SPEI clusters from CRU are often within the corresponding observed cluster but may shift into another category (extreme, severe, and moderate) except for a few events.
Welchen Anteil hat die Infektiologie am Fachgebiet Urologie?
Authors: Schneidewind Laila , Stangl Fabian P. , Dräger Desiree L. , Wagenlehner Florian M. E. , Hakenberg Oliver W. , Kranz Jennifer 
Published: July 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Harnwegsinfektionen gehören weltweit zu den häufigsten bakteriellen Infektionskrankheiten, sowohl im ambulanten als auch stationären Setting.

Fragestellung
Mit diesem Pilotprojekt soll primär die Frage beantwortet werden, welchen relativen Anteil der Antibiotikaeinsatz zur Therapie bakterieller Infektionen in einer universitären Urologie hat, um Antibiotic-Stewardship(ABS)-Programme besser implementieren zu können.

Material und Methoden
Es handelt sich um ein epidemiologisches Pilotprojekt. Über einen Zeitraum von insgesamt drei Monaten wurde systematisch erhoben, wie viele Patientinnen und Patienten relativ im Verhältnis zur Gesamtanzahl der Patientinnen und Patienten eine Antibiotikagabe erhielten.

Ergebnisse
Bei rund 40 % der urologischen Patientinnen und Patienten einer universitären Einrichtung wurde eine antimikrobielle Therapie bei bakterieller Harnwegsinfektion bzw. eine perioperative Antibiotikaprophylaxe zur Vermeidung bakterieller Komplikationen im Operationssaal eingesetzt. Insgesamt ist der Antibiotikaeinsatz im stationären Bereich am höchsten.

Diskussion
Infektiologische Aspekte haben am Fachgebiet Urologie einen signifikanten Anteil. Dieses Wissen ist essentiell um ABS-Programme erfolgreich zu implementieren und der Resistenzentwicklung entgegen zu wirken. Detailliierte Folgeuntersuchungen sind notwendig, um die Antibiotikaverordnungspraxis in der Urologie genau zu verstehen und daraus gezielte ABS-Interventionen entwickeln zu können.
Small-quantity lipid-based nutrient supplements, with or without added zinc, do not cause excessive fat deposition in Burkinabe children: results from a cluster-randomized community trial
Authors: Abbeddou Souheila , Jimenez Elizabeth Yakes , Hess Sonja Y. , Somé Jérome W. , Ouédraogo Jean Bosco , Brown Kenneth H. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Public health interventions to address stunting and wasting should be evaluated for possibly contributing to obesity risk. The present study tested the hypothesis that small-quantity lipid-based nutrient supplements (SQ-LNS) might increase fat deposition, and that additional zinc provided via SQ-LNS or in the form of dispersible tablets would increase fat-free mass (FFM) accretion.

Methods
Using a two-stage, cluster-randomized trial design, 34 communities were randomly assigned to the intervention cohort (IC) or non-intervention cohort (NIC), and family compounds within the IC were randomly assigned to receive different amounts of zinc (0, 5 or 10 mg zinc) incorporated in SQ-LNS or 5 mg zinc in the form of dispersible tablets along with treatment for diarrhea, malaria and fever. Body composition was assessed in a subset of IC (n = 201) and NIC (n = 74) children at 9 and 18 months using the deuterium dilution method. A mixed linear model was used to examine average change in FFM and % fat mass (%FM) among intervention groups and by cohort.

Results
Children in the IC had significantly greater change in FFM (Mean (95% Confidence Interval)) (1.57 (1.49, 1.64) kg) compared to the NIC (1.35 (1.23, 1.46) kg; p = 0.005). There were no significant differences in the change in %FM between the NIC and IC or among the intervention groups.

Conclusion
SQ-LNS, along with morbidity treatment increased weight gain and FFM in young children from 9 to 18 months of age without increasing FM deposition. Additional zinc supplementation did not affect changes in FFM or %FM.

Trial registration
The study was registered as a clinical trial with the US National Institute of Health (www.ClinicalTrials.gov; NCT00944281).