bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vestibular Drop Attacks and Meniere’s Disease as Results of Otolithic Membrane Damage—A Numerical Model
Authors: Senofsky Nicholas , Faber Justin , Bozovic Dolores 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMeniere’s disease (MD) is a condition of the inner ear with symptoms affecting both vestibular and hearing functions. Some patients with MD experience vestibular drop attacks (VDAs), which are violent falls caused by spurious vestibular signals from the utricle and/or saccule. Recent surgical work has shown that patients who experience VDAs also show disrupted utricular otolithic membranes. The objective of this study is to determine if otolithic membrane damage alone is sufficient to induce spurious vestibular signals, thus potentially eliciting VDAs and the vestibular dysfunction seen in patients with MD. We use a previously developed numerical model to describe the nonlinear dynamics of an array of active, elastically coupled hair cells. We then reduce the coupling strength of a selected region of the membrane to model the effects of tissue damage. As we reduce the coupling strength, we observe large and abrupt spikes in hair bundle position. As bundle displacements from the equilibrium position have been shown to lead to depolarization of the hair-cell soma and hence trigger neural activity, this spontaneous activity could elicit false detection of a vestibular signal. The results of this numerical model suggest that otolithic membrane damage alone may be sufficient to induce VDAs and the vestibular dysfunction seen in patients with MD. Future experimental work is needed to confirm these results in vitro.
Context-aware modeling for knowledge-intensive medicinal product development processes
Authors: Ozturk Yurt Zeynep , Eshuis Rik , Wilbik Anna , Vanderfeesten Irene 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDue to their unique characteristics, knowledge-intensive processes (KiPs) are difficult to capture with conventional modeling and management approaches. One such KiP is the advanced therapy medicinal product (ATMP) development process. ATMPs are highly innovative medicinal products that are based on biomedical technology. ATMP development processes need to comply with complex regulatory frameworks. Currently, biomedical scientists that develop ATMPs manage the regulatory aspects of the ATMP development processes in an ad hoc fashion, resulting in inefficiencies such as reworks or even withdrawal of ATMPs from the market. This paper presents an explorative case study in which we use Enterprise Modeling and Context-aware Business Processes to support ATMP scientists in managing the regulatory aspects of ATMP development processes more efficiently and effectively. In our explorative case study, we use enterprise models to describe the important concepts and views in ATMP development processes. By introducing context-awareness to the models, we support ATMP scientists in performing relevant tasks to address the regulatory requirements efficiently and effectively under different contexts. We introduce the novel concept of execution-dependent dynamic context to properly define the context in ATMP development processes. Additionally, this paper takes a broader perspective on the case study by discussing the relevance of the solutions derived for the case study for other KiPs. Thereby this paper aims to present an exemplary approach for context-aware modeling of KiPs. The practical contribution of this paper are the models realized in a real-life ATMP development project. The scientific contribution of this paper is providing an exemplary approach for supporting knowledge workers who perform flexible, KiPs under dynamic contexts and introducing the notion of execution-dependent dynamic context.
Ecosystem type might mask the effect of ecosystem recovery on parasitoids’ biodiversity quality
Authors: Mazón Marina , Romero Oscar , Feest Alan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractEcological restoration is considered a tool for repairing anthropogenic habitat disturbances, but the biodiversity recovering needs to be monitored. Here we evaluate a comprehensive approach for biodiversity: Biodiversity Quality, which comprises a set of 10 indices representing different components of diversity and providing an holistic overview. This approach was tested in a hyper-diverse insect group, the Ichneumonidae family in three different levels of conservation, i.e., a degraded area, a well-conserved area and an area undergoing ecological restoration for 10–15 years. Comparisons were done in three different ecosystems from southern Ecuador, i.e., Andean forest, rainforest and dry forest. We also compared the species assemblages through beta diversity indices. A total of 36 Townes style white Malaise traps were installed at three different conservation levels in 12 natural reserves, and all Ichneumonid insects collected were sorted, mounted and identified to operational taxonomic units (OTUs). A total of 2929 individuals in 708 OTUs were collected, which represented 1264.78 g of biomass. No differences were found between conservation levels, but all indices showed significant differences when comparing ecosystem types. Andean forests had significantly more richness, diversity, population and biomass than the other ecosystems, and less dominance and rarity than dry forests. Species composition of Ichneumonidae assemblages were also different between ecosystems and not so between conservation levels. When comparing in every ecosystem separately, degraded areas in dry forest had significantly more density and biomass than conserved areas. This represents a first attempt of applying this comprehensive approach in such a species-rich family.
Analyzing the Impact of Strategic Behavior in an Evolutionary Learning Model Using a Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Ferraz Vinícius , Pitz Thomas 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis study presents an experimental approach to strategic behavior and economic learning by integrating game theory and Genetic Algorithms in a novel heuristic-based simulation model. Inspired by strategic scenarios that change over time, we propose a model where games can change based on agents’ behavior. The goal is to document the model design and examine how strategic behavior impacts the evolution of optimal outcomes in various choice scenarios. For diversity, 144 unique $$ 2\times 2 $$

2
×
2

games and three different strategy selection criteria were used: Nash equilibrium, Hurwicz rule, and a random selection technique. The originality of this study is that the introduced evolutionary algorithm changes the games based on their overall outcome rather than changing the strategies or player-specific traits. The results indicated optimal player scenarios for both The Nash equilibrium and Hurwicz rules, the first being the best-performing strategy. The random selection method failed to converge to optimal values in most of the selected populations, acting as a control feature and reinforcing the need for strategic behavior in evolutionary learning. Two further observations were recorded. First, games were frequently transformed so agents could coordinate their strategies to create stable optimal equilibria. Second, we observed the evolution of game populations into groups of fewer (repeating) isomorphic games with strong preceding game characteristics.
Microstructural and mechanical characterization of Na1+xHf2Si2.3P0.7O10.85+0.5x and Na1+xZr2P3-xSixO12 NASICON-type solid electrolytes
Authors: Gross Jürgen Peter , Dück Gerald , Schäfer Frank , Holzapfel Michael , Finsterbusch Martin , Malzbender Jürgen , Schwaiger Ruth 
Published: December 2022

AbstractNASICON-type solid electrolytes are promising materials for novel solid-state-batteries aiming toward high energy densities. Na1+xHf2Si2.3P0.7O10.85+0.5x with varying sodium content as well as Sc- or Mg-doped and undoped Na1+xZr2P3-xSixO12 were synthesized by solution-assisted solid-state reaction. Microstructural and mechanical characteristics as well as conductivities were investigated. The electrochemical and microstructural properties of all studied materials appear to be highly affected by the sodium content glassy phase and secondary phase formation as well as bloating. The mechanical properties of the specimens depend mainly on microstructural characteristics. Our findings indicate improved mechanical behavior is achieved when bloating and secondary phase formation are inhibited. However, possible influences of glassy phase content on the material properties need to be further investigated.
Meso-Scale Electrodynamic Coupling of the Earth Magnetosphere-Ionosphere System
Authors: Yu Yiqun , Cao Jinbin , Pu Zuyin , Jordanova Vania K. , Ridley Aaron 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWithin the fully integrated magnetosphere-ionosphere system, many electrodynamic processes interact with each other. We review recent advances in understanding three major meso-scale coupling processes within the system: the transient field-aligned currents (FACs), mid-latitude plasma convection, and auroral particle precipitation. (1) Transient FACs arise due to disturbances from either dayside or nightside magnetosphere. As the interplanetary shocks suddenly compress the dayside magnetosphere, short-lived FACs are induced at high latitudes with their polarity successively changing. Magnetotail dynamics, such as substorm injections, can also disturb the current structures, leading to the formation of substorm current wedges and ring current disruption. (2) The mid-latitude plasma convection is closely associated with electric fields in the system. Recent studies have unraveled some important features and mechanisms of subauroral fast flows. (3) Charged particles, while drifting around the Earth, often experience precipitating loss down to the upper atmosphere, enhancing the auroral conductivity. Recent studies have been devoted to developing more self-consistent geospace circulation models by including a better representation of the auroral conductance. It is expected that including these new advances in geospace circulation models could promisingly strengthen their forecasting capability in space weather applications. The remaining challenges especially in the global modeling of the circulation system are also discussed.
Micro-kernels for portable and efficient matrix multiplication in deep learning
Authors: Alaejos Guillermo , Castelló Adrián , Martínez Héctor , Alonso-Jordá Pedro , Igual Francisco D. , Quintana-Ortí Enrique S. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe provide a practical demonstration that it is possible to systematically generate a variety of high-performance micro-kernels for the general matrix multiplication (gemm) via generic templates which can be easily customized to different processor architectures and micro-kernel dimensions. These generic templates employ vector intrinsics to exploit the SIMD (single instruction, multiple data) units in current general-purpose processors and, for the particular type of gemm problems encountered in deep learning, deliver a floating-point throughput rate on par with or even higher than that obtained with conventional, carefully tuned implementations of gemm in current linear algebra libraries (e.g., BLIS, AMD AOCL, ARMPL). Our work exposes the structure of the template-based micro-kernels for ARM Neon (128-bit SIMD), ARM SVE (variable-length SIMD) and Intel AVX512 (512-bit SIMD), showing considerable performance for an NVIDIA Carmel processor (ARM Neon), a Fujitsu A64FX processor (ARM SVE) and on an AMD EPYC 7282 processor (256-bit SIMD).
Breeding in the pandemic: short-term lockdown restrictions in a European capital city did not alter the life-history traits of two urban adapters
Authors: Corsini Michela , Jagiello Zuzanna , Walesiak Michał , Redlisiak Michał , Stadnicki Ignacy , Mierzejewska Ewa , Szulkin Marta 
Published: December 2022

AbstractHumans are transforming natural habitats into managed urban green areas and impervious surfaces at an unprecedented pace. Yet the effects of human presenceper seon animal life-history traits are rarely tested. This is particularly true in cities, where human presence is often indissociable from urbanisation itself. The onset of the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak, along with the resulting lockdown restrictions, offered a unique, “natural experiment” to investigate wildlife responses to a sudden reduction in human activity. We analysed four years of avian breeding data collected in a European capital city to test whether lockdown measures altered nestbox occupancy and life-history traits in terms of egg laying date, incubation duration and clutch size in two urban adapters: great tits (Parus major) and blue tits (Cyanistes caeruleus). Lockdown measures, which modulated human presence, did not influence any of the life-history traits investigated. In contrast, the interaction between year and tree cover, a distinct ecological attribute of the urban space, was positively associated with clutch size, a key avian life-history and reproductive trait. This highlights the importance of inter-year variation and habitat quality over human activity on urban wildlife reproduction. We discuss our results in the light of other urban wildlife studies carried out during the pandemic, inviting the scientific community to carefully interpret all lockdown—associated shifts in biological traits.
Quantification of insecticides in commercial seafood sold in East Asian markets: risk assessment for consumers
Authors: Ivorra Lucia , Cardoso Patricia G. , Chan Shek Kiu , Cruzeiro Catarina , Tagulao Karen 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

The extraction of 21 insecticides and 5 metabolites was performed using an optimized and validated QuEChERS protocol that was further used for the quantification (GC–MS/MS) in several seafood matrices (crustaceans, bivalves, and fish-mudskippers). Seven species, acquired from Hong Kong and Macao wet markets (a region so far poorly monitored), were selected based on their commercial importance in the Indo-Pacific region, market abundance, and affordable price. Among them, mussels from Hong Kong, together with mudskippers from Macao, presented the highest insecticide concentrations (median values of 30.33 and 23.90 ng/g WW, respectively). Residual levels of fenobucarb, DDTs, HCHs, and heptachlors were above the established threshold (10 ng/g WW) for human consumption according to the European and Chinese legislations: for example, in fish-mudskippers, DDTs, fenobucarb, and heptachlors (5-, 20- and tenfold, respectively), and in bivalves, HCHs (fourfold) had higher levels than the threshold. Risk assessment revealed potential human health effects (e.g., neurotoxicity), especially through fish and bivalve consumption (non-carcinogenic risk; ΣHQLT > 1), and a potential concern of lifetime cancer risk development through the consumption of fish, bivalves, and crustaceans collected from these markets (carcinogenic risk; ΣTCR > 10–4). Since these results indicate polluted regions, where the seafood is collected/produced, a strict monitoring framework should be implemented in those areas to improve food quality and safety of seafood products.
Graphical Abstract
The effect of alkali concentration on the properties of activated tungsten tailings
Authors: Li Shanmei , Shou Kai , Wang Lei , Liu Zhikui 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe 7d unconfined compressive strength tests of alkali-activated tungsten tailings and the microscopic characteristics tests of scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were conducted to investigate the effect of alkali-solid ratio on the properties of alkali-activated tungsten tailings. The test results indicate that the unconfined compressive strength of alkali-activated tungsten tailings increased with the alkali-solid ratio. However, the strength decreases slightly when the alkali-solid ratio is 12%. The microstructures of the gels generated in the alkali-activated tungsten tailings are affected by the alkali-solid ratio. The details are as follows: the microstructure is honeycomb in low alkali-solid ratio (7%, 8% and 10%), with N-A-S–H as its primary form, and flocculation in high alkali-solid ratio (14% and 15%), mainly in the form of C-A-S–H. When the alkali-solid ratio is at the medium level (12%), the microstructure is a small round bead, and the N-A-S–H is equivalent to the C-A-S–H. The more C-A-S–H content, the greater the strength. This study can provide a scientific basis and technical reference for the resource utilization of tungsten tailings.
Protokoll zur Durchführung eines Scoping Reviews zur Gesundheit von (dual) Studierenden in Gesundheitsfachberufen im deutschsprachigen Raum
Authors: Jürgensen Ivonne-Nadine , Gaidys Uta , Koch Peter , Nienhaus Albert , Petersen-Ewert Corinna 
Published: December 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Mit dem vorliegenden A‑priori-Protokoll beschreiben wir den methodischen Ansatz eines geplanten Reviews zur Gesundheit von (dual) Studierenden in Gesundheitsfachberufen. Vor dem Hintergrund steigender beruflicher Anforderungen in der Gesundheitsversorgung in Deutschland sprach sich der Wissenschaftsrat im Jahre 2012 dafür aus, einen Teil der Beschäftigten in den Gesundheitsfachberufen auf hochschulischem Niveau zu qualifizieren. Wissenschaftliche Erkenntnisse über Studierende im Allgemeinen weisen darauf hin, dass studienspezifische Anforderungen und Herausforderungen die Gesundheit negativ beeinflussen können. Folglich gewinnen Interventionen zur Gesundheitsförderung von Studierenden zunehmend an Bedeutung. Die Forschungsliteratur zur Gesundheit von Studierenden in Gesundheitsfachberufen wurde bislang jedoch noch nicht umfassend geprüft. Daher möchten wir mit dem Review eine Orientierung über die vorhandene Forschungsliteratur ermöglichen und Evidenzen bündeln.

Ziel
Wir möchten ein Review durchführen, um die Forschungsliteratur zur Gesundheit von (dual) Studierenden in Gesundheitsfachberufen im deutschsprachigen Raum zu identifizieren und darzustellen.

Einschlusskriterien
In dem Review schließen wir (dual) Studierende in den Gesundheitsfachberufen Pflege, Physiotherapie, Ergotherapie und Logopädie ein, unabhängig von Herkunft oder Geschlecht. Rückschlüsse zur Gesundheit der Studierenden erhalten wir durch Einschluss von Gesundheitsindikatoren zum Gesundheitsstatus, zu Verhaltensweisen und personale Ressourcen. Wir schließen empirische Studien und graue Literatur ein, unabhängig von ihrer Qualität.

Methode
Das geplante Review führen wir nach dem vom Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) entwickelten Methodik für Scoping Reviews durch.
Discovering cooperation: Endogenous change in international organizations
Authors: Lenz Tobias , Ceka Besir , Hooghe Liesbet , Marks Gary , Burilkov Alexandr 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWhy do some international organizations (IO) accrete delegated authority over time while in others delegation is static or declines? We hypothesize that the dynamics of delegation are shaped by an IO’s founding contract. IOs rooted in an open-ended contract have the capacity to discover cooperation over time: as new problems arise these IOs can adopt new policies or strengthen collaboration in existing areas. This, in turn, triggers a demand for delegation. However, this logic is mediated by the political regime of the IO. In predominantly democratic IOs, delegation is constrained by politicization which intensifies as an IO’s policy portfolio broadens. These claims are tested using an updated version of the Measure of International Authority dataset covering 41 regional IOs between 1950 and 2019. Controlling for alternative explanations and addressing potential endogeneity across a range of model specifications, we find robust support for our argument.
STRESS granule-associated RNA-binding protein CAPRIN1 drives cancer progression and regulates treatment response in nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Yang Te , Huang Long , Qin Haide , Mai Shijuan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractNasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a common malignancy of the head and neck that is mainly diagnosed in southern China and Southeast Asia, with a strong etiological link to Epstein‒Barr virus infection. Those with advanced-stage disease have a significantly worse prognosis. There is an urgent need to identify novel therapeutic targets for the recurrent or metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma. With a particular focus on Cell Cycle Associated Protein 1 (CAPRIN1), one of the important RNA-binding proteints associated with stress granule formation, we used RT‒qPCR and immunohistochemistry to validate CAPRIN1 expression in NPC tissues and cell lines. Further, CAPRIN1 expression was knocked down using siRNA, and the effect on cell proliferation and migration was systematically assessed by in vitro assays. As a result, we demonstrated that CAPRIN1 was elevated in NPC compared to adjacent normal tissues. Knockdown of CAPRIN1 in NPC cells inhibited proliferation and migration, involving the regulation of cell cycle protein CCND2 and EMT signaling, respectively. Notably, we found that CAPRIN1 knockdown promoted cell apoptosis by regulation of the expression of apoptosis-related proteins cleaved-PARP and cleaved-Caspase3. Knockdown of CAPRIN1 increased NPC cell sensitivity to rapamycin, and increased NPC cell sensitivity to cisplatin and to X-rays. In conclusion, CAPRIN1 might drive NPC proliferation, regulate cell cycle and apoptosis, and affect tumor cell response to anti-cancer agents and X-ray irradiation. CAPRIN1 might serve as a potential target for NPC.
Reduced-intensity conditioning is effective for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in infants with MECOM-associated syndrome
Authors: Irie Masahiro , Niihori Tetsuya , Nakano Tomohiro , Suzuki Tasuku , Katayama Saori , Moriya Kunihiko , Niizuma Hidetaka , Suzuki Nobu , Saito-Nanjo Yuka , Onuma Masaei , Rikiishi Takeshi , Sato Atsushi , Hangai Mayumi , Hiwatari Mitsuteru , Ikeda Junji , Tanoshima Reo , Shiba Norio , Yuza Yuki , Yamamoto Nobuyuki , Hashii Yoshiko , Kato Motohiro , Takita Junko , Maeda Miho , Aoki Yoko , Imaizumi Masue , Sasahara Yoji 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMutations in the MECOM encoding EVI1 are observed in infants who have radioulnar synostosis with amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia. MECOM-associated syndrome was proposed based on clinical heterogeneity. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a curative treatment for progressive bone marrow failure. However, data regarding allogeneic HSCT for this rare disease are limited. We retrospectively assessed overall survival, conditioning regimen, regimen-related toxicities and long-term sequelae in six patients treated with allogeneic HSCT. All patients received a reduced-intensity conditioning (RIC) regimen consisting of fludarabine, cyclophosphamide or melphalan, and rabbit anti-thymocyte globulin and/or low-dose total body/thoracic-abdominal/total lymphoid irradiation, followed by allogeneic bone marrow or cord blood transplantation from unrelated donors between 4 and 18 months of age. All patients survived and achieved stable engraftment and complete chimerization with the donor type. Moreover, no patient experienced severe regimen-related toxicities, and only lower grades of acute graft-versus-host disease were observed. Three patients treated with low-dose irradiation had relatively short stature compared to three patients not treated with irradiation. Therefore, allogeneic HSCT with RIC is an effective and feasible treatment for infants with MECOM-associated syndrome. Future studies are needed to evaluate the use of low-dose irradiation to avoid risks of other long-term sequelae.