bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigating disparity in access to Australian clinical genetic health services for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people
Authors: Luke Joanne , Dalach Philippa , Tuer Lindsay , Savarirayan Ravi , Ferdinand Angeline , McGaughran Julie , Kowal Emma , Massey Libby , Garvey Gail , Dawkins Hugh , Jenkins Misty , Paradies Yin , Pearson Glenn , Stutterd Chloe A. , Baynam Gareth , Kelaher Margaret 
Published: August 2022

AbstractGlobally, there is a recognised need that all populations should be able to access the benefits of genomics and precision medicine. However, achieving this remains constrained by a paucity of data that quantifies access to clinical genomics, particularly amongst Indigenous populations. Using administrative data from clinical genetic health services across three Australian jurisdictions (states/territories), we investigate disparities in the scheduling and attendance of appointments among Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander people, compared to non-Indigenous people. For 14,870 appointments scheduled between 2014–2018, adjusted Multivariate Poisson Regression models revealed that Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander people were scheduled fewer appointments (IRR 0.73 [0.68–0.80], <0.001) and attended at lower rates (IRR 0.85 [0.78–0.93], <0.001). Within this population, adults, females, remote residents, and those presenting in relation to cancer or prenatal indications experienced the greatest disparity in access. These results provide important baseline data related to disparities in access to clinical genomics in Australia.
Self-assembly as a tool to study microscale curvature and strain-dependent magnetic properties
Authors: Singh Balram , Otálora Jorge. A. , Kang Tong H. , Soldatov Ivan , Karnaushenko Dmitriy D. , Becker Christian , Schäfer Rudolf , Karnaushenko Daniil , Neu Volker , Schmidt Oliver G. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe extension of 2D ferromagnetic structures into 3D curved geometry enables to tune its magnetic properties such as uniaxial magnetic anisotropy. Tuning the anisotropy with strain and curvature has become a promising ingredient in modern electronics, such as flexible and stretchable magnetoelectronic devices, impedance-based field sensors, and strain gauges, however, has been limited to extended thin films and to only moderate bending. By applying a self-assembly rolling technique using a polymeric platform, we provide a template that allows homogeneous and controlled bending of a functional layer adhered to it, irrespective of its shape and size. This is an intriguing possibility to tailor the sign and magnitude of the surface strain of integrated, micron-sized devices. In this article, the impact of strain and curvature on the magnetic ground state and anisotropy is quantified for thin-film Permalloy micro-scale structures, fabricated on the surface of the tubular architectures, using solely electrical measurements.
A novel hybrid model for six main pollutant concentrations forecasting based on improved LSTM neural networks
Authors: Xu Shenyi , Li Wei , Zhu Yuhan , Xu Aiting 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn recent years, air pollution has become a factor that cannot be ignored, affecting human lives and health. The distribution of high-density populations and high-intensity development and construction have accentuated the problem of air pollution in China. To accelerate air pollution control and effectively improve environmental air quality, the target of our research was cities with serious air pollution problems to establish a model for air pollution prediction. We used the daily monitoring data of air pollution from January 2016 to December 2020 for the respective cities. We used the long short term memory networks (LSTM) algorithm model to solve the problem of gradient explosion in recurrent neural networks, then used the particle swarm optimization algorithm to determine the parameters of the CNN-LSTM model, and finally introduced the complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition of adaptive noise (CEEMDAN) decomposition to decompose air pollution and improve the accuracy of model prediction. The experimental results show that compared with a single LSTM model, the CEEMDAN-CNN-LSTM model has higher accuracy and lower prediction errors. The CEEMDAN-CNN-LSTM model enables a more precise prediction of air pollution, and may thus be useful for sustainable management and the control of air pollution.
Evaluating the performance of Bayesian and frequentist approaches for longitudinal modeling: application to Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Pérez-Millan Agnès , Contador José , Tudela Raúl , Niñerola-Baizán Aida , Setoain Xavier , Lladó Albert , Sánchez-Valle Raquel , Sala-Llonch Roser 
Published: August 2022

AbstractLinear mixed effects (LME) modelling under both frequentist and Bayesian frameworks can be used to study longitudinal trajectories. We studied the performance of both frameworks on different dataset configurations using hippocampal volumes from longitudinal MRI data across groups—healthy controls (HC), mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients, including subjects that converted from MCI to AD. We started from a big database of 1250 subjects from the Alzheimer’s disease neuroimaging initiative (ADNI), and we created different reduced datasets simulating real-life situations using a random-removal permutation-based approach. The number of subjects needed to differentiate groups and to detect conversion to AD was 147 and 115 respectively. The Bayesian approach allowed estimating the LME model even with very sparse databases, with high number of missing points, which was not possible with the frequentist approach. Our results indicate that the frequentist approach is computationally simpler, but it fails in modelling data with high number of missing values.
One-stop-shop CT arthrography of the wrist without subject repositioning by means of gantry-free cone-beam CT
Authors: Luetkens Karsten Sebastian , Grunz Jan-Peter , Paul Mila Marie , Huflage Henner , Conrads Nora , Patzer Theresa Sophie , Gruschwitz Philipp , Ergün Süleyman , Bley Thorsten Alexander , Kunz Andreas Steven 
Published: August 2022

AbstractModern cone-beam CT systems are capable of ultra-high-resolution 3D imaging in addition to conventional radiography and fluoroscopy. The combination of various imaging functions in a multi-use setup is particularly appealing for musculoskeletal interventions, such as CBCT arthrography (CBCTA). With this study, we aimed to investigate the feasibility of CBCTA of the wrist in a “one-stop-shop” approach with a gantry-free twin robotic scanner that does not require repositioning of subjects. Additionally, the image quality of CBCTA was compared to subsequent arthrograms on a high-end multidetector CT (MDCTA). Fourteen cadaveric wrists received CBCTA with four acquisition protocols. Specimens were then transferred to the CT suite for additional MDCTA. Dose indices ranged between 14.3 mGy (120 kVp/100 effective mAs; full-dose) and 1.0 mGy (70 kVp/41 effective mAs; ultra-low-dose) for MDCTA and between 17.4 mGy (80 kVp/2.5 mAs per pulse; full-dose) and 1.2 mGy (60 kVp/0.5 mAs per pulse; ultra-low-dose) for CBCTA. Subjective image quality assessment for bone, cartilage and ligamentous tissue was performed by seven radiologists. The interrater reliability was assessed by calculation of the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) based on a two-way random effects model. Overall image quality of most CBCTA was deemed suitable for diagnostic use in contrast to a considerable amount of non-diagnostic MDCTA examinations (38.8%). The depiction of bone, cartilage and ligaments in MDCTA with any form of dose reduction was inferior to any CBCTA scan with at least 0.6 mAs per pulse (all p < 0.001). Full-dose MDCTA and low-dose CBCTA were of equal quality for bone tissue visualization (p = 0.326), whereas CBCTA allowed for better depiction of ligaments and cartilage (both p < 0.001), despite merely one third of radiation exposure (MDCTA–14.3 mGy vs. CBCTA–4.5 mGy). Moderate to good interrater reliability was ascertained for the assessment all tissues (ICC 0.689–0.756). Overall median examination time for CBCTA was 5.4 min (4.8–7.2 min). This work demonstrates that substantial dose reduction can be achieved in CT arthrography of the wrist while maintaining diagnostic image quality by employing the cone-beam CT mode of a twin robotic X-ray system. The ability of the multi-use X-ray system to switch between fluoroscopy mode and 3D imaging allows for “one-stop-shop” CBCTA in minimal examination time without the need for repositioning.
Translational feasibility and efficacy of nasal photodynamic disinfection of SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Pires Layla , Wilson Brian C. , Bremner Rod , Lang Amanda , Larouche Jeremie , McDonald Ryan , Pearson Joel D. , Trcka Daniel , Wrana Jeff , Wu James , Whyne Cari M. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe lack of therapeutic options to fight Covid-19 has contributed to the current global pandemic. Despite the emergence of effective vaccines, development of broad-spectrum antiviral treatment remains a significant challenge, in which antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) may play a role, especially at early stages of infection. aPDT of the nares with methylene blue (MB) and non-thermal light has been successfully utilized to inactivate both bacterial and viral pathogens in the perioperative setting. Here, we investigated the effect of MB-aPDT to inactivate human betacoronavirus OC43 and SARS-CoV-2 in vitro and in a proof-of-principle COVID-19 clinical trial to test, in a variety of settings, the practicality, technical feasibility, and short-term efficacy of the method. aPDT yielded inactivation of up to 6-Logs in vitro, as measured by RT-qPCR and infectivity assay. From a photo-physics perspective, the in vitro results suggest that the response is not dependent on the virus itself, motivating potential use of aPDT for local destruction of SARS-CoV-2 and its variants. In the clinical trial we observed variable effects on viral RNA in nasal-swab samples as assessed by RT-qPCR attributed to aPDT-induced RNA fragmentation causing falsely-elevated counts. However, the viral infectivity in clinical nares swabs was reduced in 90% of samples and undetectable in 70% of samples. This is the first demonstration based on quantitative clinical viral infectivity measurements that MB-aPDT is a safe, easily delivered and effective front-line technique that can reduce local SARS-CoV-2 viral load.
Performance of the three-dimensional laser scanning method to monitor the moisture content of similar material models
Authors: Zha Jianfeng , Yang Xicong , Li Huaizhan , Yang Mohan , Zhong Chongwu , Song Kun 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn mining safety and other fields, similar material simulation is the main research method to study the movement and deformation of rock formation and ground surface. However, the inaccurate subsidence laws could be obtained because the strength of the composition materials like gypsum and lime is easily affected by moisture. Therefore, it is crucial to monitor the moisture content when carrying simulation experiments. This paper discussed the feasibility of indirectly measuring the moisture content of similar material models using the three-dimensional (3D) laser scanning reflection intensity through three experiments on similar material specimens. The results showed that the laser reflection intensity was sensitive to the moisture content, incidence angle, and distance with three different relationships and the influence of the two factors could be weakened through the established correction models. However, it was recommended restricting the incidence angle to less than 20° and setting the distance from 4 to 10 m to reduce the complexity of correction. The accuracy of this method reached 1.1% under the monitoring condition of 4 m and the normal incidence, which could meet the requirements for monitoring the moisture content of similar material models. The research results of the paper provide a new method to monitor the moisture content in similar material models.
Investigation of the long-term healing response of the liver to boiling histotripsy treatment in vivo
Authors: Heo Jeongmin , Joung Chanmin , Pahk Kisoo , Pahk Ki Joo 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBoiling histotripsy (BH) is a promising High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound technique that can be employed to mechanically fractionate solid tumours. Whilst studies have shown the feasibility of BH to destroy liver cancer, no study has reported on the healing process of BH-treated liver tissue. We therefore extensively investigated the evolution of the healing response of liver to BH in order to provide an insight into the healing mechanisms. In the present study, 14 Sprague Dawley rats underwent the BH treatment and were sacrificed on days 0, 3, 7, 14, and 28 for morphological, histological, serological and qPCR analyses. The area of the treated region was 1.44 cm2 (1.2 cm × 1.2 cm). A well-defined BH lesion filled with coagulated blood formed on day 0. A week after the treatment, fibroblast activation was induced at the treatment site, leading to the formation of extracellular matrix structure (ECM). The ECM was then disrupted for 7 to 28 days. Regenerated normal hepatocytes and newly formed blood vessels were found within the BH region with the absence of hepatic fibrosis. No significant morphological, histological and genetic changes around the BH lesion occurred. These results suggest that BH could be a safe and promising therapeutic tool for treating solid tumours without inducing any significant adverse effect such as the formation of liver fibrosis.
Single-shot ptychography at a soft X-ray free-electron laser
Authors: Kharitonov Konstantin , Mehrjoo Masoud , Ruiz-Lopez Mabel , Keitel Barbara , Kreis Svea , Gang Seung-gi , Pan Rui , Marras Alessandro , Correa Jonathan , Wunderer Cornelia B. , Plönjes Elke 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIn this work, single-shot ptychography was adapted to the XUV range and, as a proof of concept, performed at the free-electron laser FLASH at DESY to obtain a high-resolution reconstruction of a test sample. Ptychography is a coherent diffraction imaging technique capable of imaging extended samples with diffraction-limited resolution. However, its scanning nature makes ptychography time-consuming and also prevents its application for mapping of dynamical processes. Single-shot ptychography can be realized by collecting the diffraction patterns of multiple overlapping beams in one shot and, in recent years, several concepts based on two con-focal lenses were employed in the visible regime. Unfortunately, this approach cannot be extended straightforwardly to X-ray wavelengths due to the use of refractive optics. Here, a novel single-shot ptychography setup utilizes a combination of X-ray focusing optics with a two-dimensional beam-splitting diffraction grating. It facilitates single-shot imaging of extended samples at X-ray wavelengths.
Inflammatory and proapoptotic effects of inhaling gasoline fumes on the lung and ameliorative effects of fenugreek seeds
Authors: Abdrabouh Abeer E. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractImpacts of inhaling gasoline fumes on the lungs of adult male rats and the alleviating role of fenugreek seeds were evaluated. Twenty-four rats were divided into four groups, unexposed control and fenugreek groups, gasoline exposed groups for 6 h/6 day/week for 10 weeks with and without supplementation of fenugreek seed powder in food (5% w/w). Rats exposed to gasoline fumes showed significant elevation in lung tumor necrosis factor-α, as an inflammatory marker, and the proapoptotic marker Bax with a reduction in the antiapoptotic marker Bcl2. Moreover, remarkable elevations in transforming growth factor-β1, collagen and hydroxyproline were observed as fibrotic markers. Lung oxidative stress markers (hydrogen peroxides, malondialdehyde, and protein carbonyl) increased significantly along with marked decrease in total antioxidant capacity, superoxide dismutase, and catalase levels. Additionally, marked decreases in white and red blood cell counts, hemoglobin content, platelet count, accompanied by elevated red cell distribution width percentage were observed, supporting the inflammatory status. Histopathological changes represented by hematoxylin&eosin, immunohistochemistry staining for Bax&Bcl2, and transmission electron microscopy supported the negative impacts of gasoline fumes compared to the control group. Fenugreek seeds supplementation with gasoline exposure showed pronounced alleviation of lung biochemical and histopathological changes compared to the gasoline-exposed group.
In silico validation of RNA-Seq results can identify gene fusions with oncogenic potential in glioblastoma
Authors: Hernandez Ainhoa , Muñoz-Mármol Ana Maria , Esteve-Codina Anna , Alameda Francesc , Carrato Cristina , Pineda Estela , Arpí-Lluciá Oriol , Martinez-García Maria , Mallo Mar , Gut Marta , del Barco Sonia , Gallego Oscar , Dabad Marc , Mesia Carlos , Bellosillo Beatriz , Domenech Marta , Vidal Noemí , Aldecoa Iban , de la Iglesia Nuria , Balana Carmen 
Published: August 2022

AbstractRNA-Sequencing (RNA-Seq) can identify gene fusions in tumors, but not all these fusions have functional consequences. Using multiple data bases, we have performed an in silico analysis of fusions detected by RNA-Seq in tumor samples from 139 newly diagnosed glioblastoma patients to identify in-frame fusions with predictable oncogenic potential. Among 61 samples with fusions, there were 103 different fusions, involving 167 different genes, including 20 known oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes (TSGs), 16 associated with cancer but not oncogenes or TSGs, and 32 not associated with cancer but previously shown to be involved in fusions in gliomas. After selecting in-frame fusions able to produce a protein product and running Oncofuse, we identified 30 fusions with predictable oncogenic potential and classified them into four non-overlapping categories: six previously described in cancer; six involving an oncogene or TSG; four predicted by Oncofuse to have oncogenic potential; and 14 other in-frame fusions. Only 24 patients harbored one or more of these 30 fusions, and only two fusions were present in more than one patient: FGFR3::TACC3 and EGFR::SEPTIN14. This in silico study provides a good starting point for the identification of gene fusions with functional consequences in the pathogenesis or treatment of glioblastoma.
Controlled drug delivery and cell adhesion for bone tissue regeneration by Keplerate polyoxometalate (Mo132)/metronidazole/PMMA scaffolds
Authors: Taghiyar Hamid , Yadollahi Bahram , Kajani Abolghasem Abbasi 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe aim of this study is to fabricate a new scaffold appropriate for tissue regeneration with antimicrobial activity and ability of controlled drug delivery. In this regard, scaffold nanofibers were produced using poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), Mo132 as a Keplerate polyoxometalate and metronidazole. The final scaffolds, obtained by electrospinning, represent the intrinsic features including exceptional doubling tensile strength, high hydrophilicity (126 ± 5.2° to 83.9 ± 3.2° for contact angle and 14.18 ± 0.62% to 35.62 ± 0.24% for water uptake), proper bioactivity and cell adhesion. Moreover, the addition of Mo132 and metronidazole enhances the biodegradation rate of resulted scaffolds compared to the pure PMMA membrane. The controlled release of metronidazole over 14 days efficiently inhibits the colonization of anaerobic microorganisms. Overall, the results demonstrate high potential of Mo132 and metronidazole-loaded PMMA scaffold for guided bone regeneration/guided tissue regeneration.
Reliability and accuracy of the torque applied to osteosynthesis screws by maxillofacial surgeons and residents
Authors: Gareb Barzi , van Munster Valerie D. M. , Dijkstra Pieter U. , Bos Ruud R. M. , Vissink Arjan , van Bakelen Nico B. , van Minnen Baucke 
Published: August 2022

AbstractApplying the right torque to osteosynthesis screws is important for undisturbed bone healing. This study aimed to compare test–retest and intra-individual reliabilities of the torque applied to 1.5 mm and 2.0 mm osteosynthesis screws by residents and oral and maxillofacial surgeons (OMF-surgeons), to define the reference torque intervals, and to compare reference torque interval compliances. Five experienced OMF-surgeons and 20 residents, 5 of each 4 residency years, were included. Each participant inserted six 1.5 × 4 mm and six 2.0 × 6 mm screws into a preclinical model at two test moments 2 weeks apart (T1 and T2). Participants were blinded for the applied torque. Descriptive statistics, reference intervals, and intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC) were calculated. The OMF-surgeons complied more to the reference intervals (1.5 mm screws: 95% and 2.0 mm screws: 100%) than the residents (82% and 90%, respectively; P = 0.009 and P = 0.007) with the ICCs ranging between 0.85–0.95 and 0.45–0.97, respectively. The residents’ accuracy and reliability were inadequate regarding the 1.5 mm screws but both measures improved at T2 for both screw types compared to T1, indicating a learning effect. Training residents and/or verifying the applied torque by experienced OMF-surgeons remains necessary to achieve high accuracy and reliability, particularly for 1.5 mm screws.
Heterosis for capsacinoids accumulation in chili pepper hybrids is dependent on parent-of-origin effect
Authors: Naves Emmanuel Rezende , Scossa Federico , Araújo Wagner L. , Nunes-Nesi Adriano , Fernie Alisdair R. , Zsögön Agustin 
Published: August 2022

AbstractHeterosis for agronomic traits is a widespread phenomenon that underpins hybrid crop breeding. However, heterosis at the level of cellular metabolites has not yet been fully explored. Some metabolites are highly sought after, like capsaicinoids found in peppers of theCapsicumgenus, which confer the characteristic pungent (‘hot’) flavour of the fruits. We analysed the metabolic profile of the fruit placenta and pericarp of inter- and intra-specific hybrids of two species ofCapsicumpeppers,C. chinense(cv. Habanero and cv. Biquinho) andC. annuumvar.annuum(cv. Jalapeño and cv. Cascadura Ikeda) in complete diallel crosses with reciprocals. The parents and hybrids were grown in a glasshouse and the profile of primary metabolites (sugars, amino acids and organic acids) and capsaicinoids was generated via gas chromatography–time of flight-mass spectrometry (GC–TOF-MS) and ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to a mass spectrometer (UPLC-MS), respectively. We found considerable heterotic effects specifically for capsaicinoids accumulation in the fruit placenta of the hybrids, including those derived from non-pungent parents. Furthermore, a large fraction of fruit primary metabolism was influenced by the specific cross combination, with marked parent-of-origin effects, i.e. whether a specific genotype was used as the pistillate or pollen parent. The differences in metabolite levels between the hybrids and their parents provide a snapshot of heterosis for primary and secondary metabolites and may contribute to explain the manifestation of whole-plant heterotic phenotypes.