bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cervical Disc Replacement for Radiculopathy Versus Myeloradiculopathy
Authors: Alluri Ram K. , Vaishnav Avani S. , Sivaganesan Ahilan , Albert Todd J. , Huang Russel C. , Qureshi Sheeraz A. 
Published: May 2022

Study Design:
Retrospective cohort study.

Objectives:
The aim was to compare the minimally clinically important difference (MCID) across multiple patient-reported outcomes (PROs) in patients undergoing cervical disc replacement (CDR) for cervical spondylotic radiculopathy versus myeloradiculopathy.

Summary of Background Data:
To date, a limited number of studies have demonstrated mostly similar results in patients with cervical spondylotic radiculopathy or myeloradiculopathy undergoing CDR. However, each of these previous studies have focused on statistically significant differences, which may not correlate with patient perceived improvements in outcomes or success.

Methods:
Patients who underwent 1 or 2-level CDR with radiculopathy versus myeloradiculopathy were identified, and prospectively collected data was retrospectively reviewed. Demographic variables, preoperative diagnosis, and operative variables were collected for each patient. The following PROs were prospectively collected: Neck Disability Index (NDI), visual analog scale (VAS)-Neck, VAS-Arm, Short Form-12 Health Survey (SF-12) Physical Component Score (PCS), SF-12 Mental Component Score (MCS), PROMIS Physical Function (PF). An MCID analysis of PROs for each diagnosis group was performed and the percentage of patients achieving the MCID was compared between the two diagnosis groups.

Results:
Eight-five patients, of which 56% had radiculopathy and 44% had myeloradiculopathy. MCID analysis demonstrated that at 6-week, 12-week, and final postoperative follow-up there was no significant difference in the percentage of patients with radiculopathy or myeloradiculopathy achieving the MCID for each PRO assessed. In both diagnosis groups the percentage of patients achieving the MCID for each PRO continued to increase from the 6-week to final postoperative follow-up except for the SF-12 MCS in patients with myeloradiculopathy.

Conclusions:
The percentage of patients achieving the MCID was not significantly different at each postoperative period assessed in the radiculopathy and myeloradiculopathy groups treated with CDR. In addition, the percentage of patients achieving the MCID continued to increase from 6 weeks to final follow-up in both groups for almost all PROs assessed.
Radiobiology of Select Radionuclides in Hanford Site Tank Waste
Authors: Brooks Antone L. , Hoel David , Glines Wayne M. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
There are several important radionuclides involved in the “clean-up” or environmental isolation of nuclear waste contained in US Department of Energy Hanford Site underground waste tanks that drive many of the decisions associated with this activity. To make proper human health risk analyses and ensure that the most appropriate decisions are made, it is important to understand the radiation biology and the human health risk associated with these radionuclides. This manuscript provides some basic radiological science, in particular radiation biology, for some of these radionuclides, i.e., 3H, 90Sr, 137Cs, 99Tc, 129I, and the alpha emitters 239, 240Pu, 233,234,235,238 U, and 241Am. These radionuclides were selected based on their designation as “constituents of potential concern,” historical significance, or potential impact on human health risk. In addition to the radiobiology of these select radionuclides, this manuscript provides brief discussions of the estimated cost of planned management of Hanford tank waste and a comparison with releases into the Techa River from activities associated with the Mayak Production Association. A set of summary conclusions of the potential human health risks associated with these radionuclides is given.
CHANDELIER-ASSISTED VERSUS STANDARD SCLERAL BUCKLING FOR PRIMARY RHEGMATOGENOUS RETINAL DETACHMENT
Authors: Albalkini Ahmed Saad , Abdullatif Abdussalam M. , Albalkini Mohamed Saad , Macky Tamer A. , Khattab Ayman , Attya Mohamed 
Published: May 2022

Purpose:
To compare anatomical outcomes, functional outcomes, and rate of complications of standard scleral buckling (SSB) versus chandelier-assisted scleral buckling (CSB) in phakic eyes with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.

Methods:
Patients were randomly assigned to either SSB or CSB. Surgical success/failure rate, corrected distance visual acuity, surgical operating time, and rate of intraoperative and postoperative complications including epiretinal membranes by spectral domain optical coherence tomography were compared between groups.

Results:
A total of 50 eyes of 49 patients were included. At 6 months, there was no statistically significant difference between groups in primary success, or final anatomical success (P > 0.9); mean corrected distance visual acuity at any visit (P values >0.05); or mean surgical time: 120.3 ± 39.05 and 102.48 ± 43.76 minutes for the SSB and CSB, respectively (P = 0.1). The CSB had a higher rate of postoperative complications (34.8%) compared with the SSB (3.8%) (P < 0.05). On spectral domain optical coherence tomography, CSB had a statistically significant higher rate of epiretinal membranes compared with SSB (44% vs. 19% [P < 0.05]) and showed vitreous entrapment in the chandelier sclerotomy site on the ultrasonic biomicroscopy.

Conclusion:
Chandelier-assisted scleral buckling surgery does not offer encouraging advantages over SSB. On the contrary, we detected a higher rate of complications with CSB especially epiretinal membranes development.
SAUSAGING AND BULBOSITIES OF THE CHOROIDAL VEINS IN CENTRAL SEROUS CHORIORETINOPATHY
Authors: Spaide Richard F. , Ngo Wei Kiong , Barbazetto Irene , Sorenson John A. 
Published: May 2022

Purpose:
To evaluate the caliber of the choroidal veins in central serous chorioretinopathy, a disease proposed to be associated with overloading of choroidal venous outflow.

Methods:
Widefield indocyanine green angiograms of eyes with central serous chorioretinopathy were graded for sausaging defined as three or more contiguous fusiform dilations that vary by at least 50% from the narrowest to largest diameters. A bulbosity was defined as a focal 2X dilation of a blood vessel as compared with the diameter of the surrounding host vessel. The data underwent statistical analysis including the use of generalized estimating equations.

Results:
There were 73 eyes of 41 patients with a mean age of 53.5 years. Sausaging of vessels was seen in a mean and median of three quadrants per eye. Using generalized estimating equations, the only significant risk factor for sausaging was the use of corticosteroids. The two significant predictors of subfoveal choroidal thickness using generalized estimating equations were age (P = 0.021) and proportion of quadrants involved by sausaging (P < 0.001). The decrease in choroidal thickness per year of age was estimated to be 3.7 µm, while the increase with four quadrant involvement with sausaging was estimated to be 236 µm. There were a total of 39 bulbosities in 26 eyes (35.6%), preferentially involving intervortex venous anastomoses.

Conclusion:
Variations in the venous caliber are very common in eyes with central serous chorioretinopathy and seems to be associated with pathophysiologic alterations related to increased pressure within and remodeling of the larger choroidal veins. This may lead to overloading of the choriocapillaris with leakage as one manifestation.
Perioperative oxidative stress predicts subsequent pain-related outcomes in the 6 months after total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Bruehl Stephen , Milne Ginger , Schildcrout Jonathan , Shi Yaping , Anderson Sara , Shinar Andrew , Polkowski Gregory , Mishra Puneet , Billings Frederic T. 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is effective for pain reduction in most patients, but 15% or more report unsatisfactory long-term pain outcomes. We tested whether oxidative stress (OS) related to extended tourniquet application during TKA and subsequent ischemic reperfusion (IR) contributed to adverse post-TKA pain outcomes. Blood samples were obtained in 91 patients with osteoarthritis (63% female) undergoing TKA before tourniquet placement (T1), 45 minutes after tourniquet inflation (T2), and 15 minutes after tourniquet removal (T3). Plasma levels of F2-isoprostanes and isofurans, the most specific measures of in vivo OS, were quantified. Pain intensity and function were assessed at baseline and again at 6 weeks and 6 months after TKA. Results indicated that higher Combined OS (F2-isoprostanes + isofurans/2) at T1 baseline and larger increases in Combined OS from T1 to T2 were associated with higher baseline-corrected past 24-hour worst and average pain intensity (numeric rating scale) and higher past week McGill Pain Questionnaire-2 total scores at 6-month follow-up (P's < 0.05). Increases in Combined OS from T1 to T3, which should most directly capture OS and IR injury related to tourniquet use, were not associated with short-term or long-term post-TKA pain outcomes. Longer ischemia duration was unexpectedly associated with lower baseline-corrected pain intensity at 6-month follow-up. Combined OS was not linked to functional outcomes at either follow-up. Elevated perioperative OS seems to exert small but significant adverse effects on long-term post-TKA pain outcomes, although this OS seems unrelated to IR injury associated with extended tourniquet use.
Characteristics of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Education Vary in Entry-Level Doctor of Physical Therapy Programs
Authors: Driscoll Jenna , Elkins Jeananne 
Published: May 2022

Background/Purpose:
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) with high risks of mismanagement is being used more frequently in critical care for cardiorespiratory failure. The safety and feasibility of physical therapy (PT) for patients on ECMO have been established. Little is known about ECMO education and training for entry-level physical therapist students. The purpose of this study is to determine the characteristics of ECMO education in entry-level doctor of physical therapy (DPT) educational programs and examine any correlations among these characteristics.

Methods:
A survey was developed on the basis of a literature search and author experience. The anonymous survey was disseminated electronically to directors of all Commission on Accreditation in Physical Therapy Education (CAPTE)–accredited DPT programs in the United States.

Results:
Faculty from 31 (12.8%) programs responded. Some level of ECMO-related education was included in 25 (80.65%) programs. Content of didactic education varied across programs. Other modes of ECMO education included case study discussions, simulation training, and hands-on experience. Statistically significant relationships were identified among university affiliation with an academic medical center and the presence of case studies (n = 6, P < .05) and hands-on experience (n = 8, P = .001), as well as between instructor cardiovascular and pulmonary specialist credentials and the presence of hands-on experience (n = 12, P < .001).

Discussion/Conclusion:
The extent and characteristics of ECMO-related education vary among entry-level DPT programs. Programs affiliated with academic medical centers and specialty-certified instructors may provide exposure to broader critical care content, such as ECMO. Formalized curricular guidelines may be necessary to help adequately prepare students for clinical practice. Entry-level clinicians should advocate for advanced training when appropriate.
Clinical outcomes of Eustachian tube dysfunction in chronic rhinosinusitis following endoscopic sinus surgery
Authors: Chen Wei-Chih , Yang Kun-Lin , Lin Wei-Che , Fang Kuan-Chung , Wu Ching-Nung , Luo Sheng-Dean 
Published: May 2022

Background:
The effects of endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) on the symptom burden of Eustachian tube dysfunction (ETD) in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) patients were investigated.

Methods:
Ninety-two patients with CRS following ESS were prospectively enrolled and followed up every 3 months for 1 year. The 7-item ETD Questionnaire (ETDQ-7) and 22-item Sino-Nasal Outcome Test (SNOT-22) were administered before ESS and at each visit following ESS.

Results:
Before surgery, 25% of patients reported ETDQ-7 scores ≥ 14.5, indicating the presence of ETD. The mean preoperative ETDQ-7 and SNOT-22 scores were 13.3 and 40.0, respectively. The mean ETDQ-7 and SNOT-22 scores were significantly decreased to 8.2 and 17.0 at 1 year following ESS, respectively. Most patients reported alleviation of their symptoms within the first 3 months, and the prevalence of ETD had decreased to 3.3% at 1 year. Patients who received revision surgery had higher ETDQ-7 scores during the follow-up period. Additionally, 5.4% of patients reported worsening of their symptoms.

Conclusion:
ETD symptoms can be effectively alleviated in most patients within 3 months following ESS. However, 5.4% of patients reported worsening of their symptoms at the 1-year follow-up. Additional objective studies should be conducted to evaluate Eustachian tube function thoroughly in CRS patients.
Efficacy of cetuximab-containing regimens in the treatment of recurrent/metastatic head and neck cancer after progression to immune checkpoint inhibitors
Authors: Lai Cheng-Lun , Chen Tien-Hua , Chang Peter Mu-Hsin , Tai Shyh-Kuan , Chu Pen-Yuan , Yang Muh-Hwa 
Published: May 2022

Background:
The antiepidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) monoclonal antibody cetuximab and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are the current front-line treatment for recurrent and metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (R/M HNSCC). However, understanding of the efficacy of cetuximab-containing regimens in patients who fail ICI treatments is limited. In this study, we present the efficacy of cetuximab-based regimens in heavily pretreated R/M HNSCC patients after progression to ICIs.

Methods:
This was a retrospective study that analyzed patients diagnosed with R/M HNSCC who progressed after ICIs and then received their first-time cetuximab-based regimens at Taipei Veterans General Hospital from January 2017 to December 2020. The response rate, overall survival, and progression-free survival were measured.

Results:
A total of 28 patients were included in this study. Most patients had received pembrolizumab as an ICI. The median duration of cetuximab-based regimens prescribed was 4.5 months. The objective response rate (ORR) was 32.1% (95% confidence interval [CI], 17.9%-50.6%), and the disease control rate (DCR) was 53.6% (95% CI, 42.4%-76.4%). The median overall survival and median progression-free survival were 9.1 months (95% CI, 1.3-16.8) and 2.9 months (95% CI, 2.2-3.5), respectively. The incidence of cetuximab-related adverse events was reported as 39.2%.

Conclusion:
A cetuximab-based regimen is still an effective and tolerable treatment for R/M HNSCC after progression on ICIs. Future prospective studies are needed to identify better treatments for previously ICI-treated or heavily treated R/M HNSCC patients.
Effectiveness of Tai Chi in Patients With Hypertension
Authors: Tam Hon Lon , Leung Leona Yuen Ling , Chan Alex Siu Wing 
Published: May 2022

Background
Hypertension affects more than 1 billion people worldwide. Hypertension management guidelines recommend regular exercise to control blood pressure. Tai Chi is a low-impact, low- to moderate-intensity exercise that has numerous health benefits.

Objective
The aim of this study is to perform a review of meta-analyses and summarize the existing information on the health benefits of Tai Chi for patients with hypertension.

Methods
This review was guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses statement. Eight health-related databases were systematically searched from their inception to March 2021 to identify the relevant meta-analyses. Two reviewers independently assessed the methodological quality of the evidence.

Results
A total of 6 relevant meta-analyses were included in this review: 3 were rated as critically low in quality, 2 were rated low, and 1 was rated high. In the included meta-analyses, Tai Chi showed many benefits for patients with hypertension. In addition to improving blood pressure, the blood lipid profile, blood sugar, body measurements, and quality of life of patients improved significantly after practicing Tai Chi.

Conclusion
Tai Chi may be considered an effective and safe alternative exercise for patients with hypertension.
Impact of Selected Initial Titration Schedules on Safety and Long-Term Effectiveness of Lamotrigine for the Treatment of Mood Disorders
Authors: Nakamura Tomoyuki , Tomita Masaru , Hirota Susumu , Matsunaga Takamasa , Uchimura Naohisa 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

Purpose
Lamotrigine (LTG) is used for treatment of mood disorders, but it is associated with the risk of rash occurrence in the initial administration phase. Although slow titration reduces this risk, its effectiveness in the treatment of mood disorders has not been verified. The effects of titration method on the safety and effectiveness of LTG for the treatment of mood disorders were examined in this study.

Methods
This retrospective cohort study included 312 patients with mood disorders who underwent initiation of LTG therapy. Data regarding baseline demographics, titration schedules, concomitant medications, and time to and cause of discontinuation of LTG were collected. A multivariate analysis was used to evaluate the effects of the titration schedules. The 12-month effectiveness was also evaluated.

Results
The 12-month discontinuation rate of LTG was 16.7%. The most frequent cause of discontinuation was development of a rash (47.7%, n = 312). Fast titration (adjusted odds ratio, 8.15) significantly increased the risk of rash development, and slow titration (adjusted odds ratio, 0.29) significantly decreased this risk. The time to all-cause discontinuation was not significantly different between the slow and standard titration groups (n = 303). After 12 months of treatment, the condition of 46.7% patients were rated much or very much improved using CGI-C.

Conclusions
Although slow titration of LTG reduces the occurrence of a rash, it is not more effective than standard titration in the long term. Optimizing the initial LTG titration schedule for patients with mood disorders is challenging.
Clinical characteristics and long-term outcomes of hospitalised patients with ischemic colitis with different degrees of haematochezia: a retrospective study
Authors: An Qin , Yuan Baisi- , Guo Zhen , Wu Lin , Yang Miaofang- , Shi Shaopei- , Tang Guoxing- , Wang Fangyu- 
Published: May 2022

Background
Based on the literature, haematochezia is associated with a benign clinical course of ischaemic colitis. However, most cases in the literature presented mild haematochezia associated with ischaemic colitis. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the impact of different degrees of haematochezia on the clinical outcomes of ischaemic colitis.

Methods
Patients were divided into nonhaematochezia, mild-haematochezia, and severe-haematochezia cohorts stratified by the degree of haematochezia. The clinical characteristics and prognoses were retrospectively reviewed.

Results
Haematochezia cohort (n = 89) was associated with a lower rate of severe illness (25% vs. 52%, P = 0.001), lower rate of isolated right colon ischaemia (7% vs. 28%,P = 0.001), lower surgery rates (13% vs. 36%, P = 0.001), and shorter hospital stay (12 vs. 17 days, P < 0.001) compared with nonhaematochezia cohort (n = 50). Severe-haematochezia cohort (n = 11) had a higher frequency of severe illness (73% vs. 18%, P < 0.001), higher surgical intervention rate (55% vs. 6%, P < 0.001), higher nonsurgical complication rate, higher in-hospital mortality (45% vs. 0%, P < 0.001), and longer hospital stay (28 vs. 10  days, P = 0.001), compared with mild-haematochezia cohort (n = 78). Additionally, in-hospital mortality (45% vs. 6%, P = 0.003) and nonsurgical complication rate were higher in the severe-haematochezia than in the nonhaematochezia cohort. However, the three cohorts had comparable prognoses for long-term survival and recurrence.

Conclusions
Mild haematochezia was related to a benign clinical course of ischaemic colitis, while lack of haematochezia or severe haematochezia was associated with worse hospitalisation outcomes.
Physiological tracer distribution and benign lesion incidental uptake of Al18F-NOTA-FAPI-04 on PET/CT imaging
Authors: Kou Ying , Jiang Xuemei , Yao Yutang , Shen Jiaqi , Jiang Xiao , Chen Shirong , Lu Hao , Wang Xiaoxiong , Zhao Meng , Xiao Dingqiong , Shen Taipeng , Zhang Wei , Cheng Zhuzhong 
Published: May 2022

Objective
To systematically investigate the physiological distribution and benign lesion incidental uptake of Al18F-NOTA-FAPI-04 (18F-FAPI) in cancer patients to establish the normal uptake range in relevant organs and lesions.

Methods
Twenty patients who underwent 18F-FAPI PET/CT imaging were retrospectively assessed. Organ and benign lesion tracer uptake was quantified based on standardized uptake values (SUVmax and SUVmean). We compared the variation in tracer uptake in certain organs between men and women, analyzed the possible reasons for diffuse uptake in the thyroid, and assessed tracer uptake variations in the uterus in different menstrual cycle phases. Incidental tracer uptake in benign lesions was also assessed.

Results
Physiological 18F-FAPI uptake was observed in the urinary tract, biliary tract system, submandibular glands, pancreas, thyroid, uterus, intestine, prostate gland, parotid gland, myocardium, kidney cortex, and muscles, but not the brain, lungs, liver, spleen, colon, and breasts. The SUVmean for each organ was similar for women and men (all P > 0.05). Diffuse tracer uptake in the thyroid was caused by normal thyroid or thyroiditis; there were no statistically significant differences between them (SUVmax: t = −1.3, P = 0.25; SUVmean: t = −1.1, P = 0.31). There was a significant difference for uterus uptake among different menstrual cycle phases (SUVmax: F = 5.08, P = 0.04; SUVmean: F = 5.19, P = 0.04). Incidental benign lesion tracer uptake was observed in patients with esophagitis, thyroiditis, arthritis, fractures, and uterine fibroids.

Conclusion
This study provides a reference range for 18F-FAPI uptake in relevant organs and benign lesions. Benign lesion 18F-FAPI uptake may reduce 18F-FAPI PET/CT specificity.