bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of graphene nanoplatelet concentration on the electrical, mechanical, and piezoresistive properties of glass fiber/epoxy composites
Authors: Rodríguez‐González Julio Alejandro , Rubio‐González Carlos 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis paper reports the effect of weight concentration of graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) on the electrical, mechanical, thermo‐mechanical, and piezoresistive properties of unidirectional glass fiber/epoxy composite laminates. The neat (without GNPs) and multiscale laminates (with GNPs) were fabricated with different GNPs contents (0.25, 0.50, 0.75, and 1.00 wt%) using a simple and feasible process based on spray coating followed by vacuum assisted resin infusion. The morphological analysis on glass fiber surfaces evidenced the presence of an effective GNP network formation which tends to be denser as GNPs content increases. As a result, the electrical conductivity and gauge factor measured on top and bottom surfaces of specimens were greatly increased in laminates. Short beam shear and flexural test results showed that the addition of GNPs to the laminates causes a significant reduction in their interlaminar shear strength, flexural strength, and strain to failure with respect to the neat laminate. However, the flexural modulus of laminates does not suffer any apparent change in its reference value and the glass transition temperature was slightly increased in samples with 1.00 wt% GNPs. The fractographic analysis revealed that delamination was the main damage mechanism detected upon mechanical testing, suggesting that relative high concentrations of GNPs cause that interlaminar regions of laminated composites become weaker. In spite of this, excellent strain self‐sensing capabilities and internal damage detection were observed during flexural electromechanical tests performed in beam‐type specimens with higher GNP content.
Profiles of self‐compassion and psychological outcomes in cancer patients
Authors: Wei Liuyu , Xie Juan , Wu Liyang , Yao Juntao , Zhu Lei , Liu Ailan 
Published: March 2022

AbstractObjectivesThe protective role of self‐compassion in cancer patients' psychological outcomes has been confirmed. However, using a composite score of self‐compassion, previous research could not clarify how distinct components of self‐compassion may mutually interact. This study, using a person‐centred approach, aimed to identify profiles of self‐compassion in cancer patients and examined the associations of self‐compassion profiles with sociodemographic and medical variables and psychological outcomes.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study included 289 patients with heterogeneous cancer types recruited from two hospitals in Xi'an, China. Latent profile analysis was used to identify distinct profiles of self‐compassion. The Bolck‐Croon‐Hagenaars approach was used to examine how these profiles related to sociodemographic and medical characteristics and psychological outcomes.ResultsFive profiles of self‐compassion were identified: ‘average self‐compassion’ (54%), ‘high self‐compassion’ (19.4%), ‘low self‐compassion and low self‐coldness’ (11.4%), ‘high self‐compassion and high self‐coldness’ (8%), and ‘average self‐compassion and high self‐coldness’ (7.2%). Patients with the ‘high self‐compassion’ profile tended to be older and report no cancer recurrence, and those with the ‘low self‐compassion and low self‐coldness’ profile tended to be female. Patients with the ‘high self‐compassion’ profile reported the fewest depressive and anxiety symptoms while patients with the ‘average self‐compassion and high self‐coldness’ profile reported the most depressive and anxiety symptoms.ConclusionsThe study revealed five self‐compassion profiles in cancer patients, which had different psychological outcomes. Future longitudinal research should investigate the causality between self‐compassion profiles and psychological outcomes.
Two‐dimensional particle‐in‐cell/Monte Carlo simulations of streamer formation and propagation in catalyst pores in a surface dielectric barrier discharge
Authors: Zuo Xuan , Zhou Youyou , Zhang Quanzhi , Wang Hong‐yu , Li Zihe , Zhu Jingzhe , Jiang Xianwu , Zhang Ya 
Published: March 2022

AbstractPlasma catalysis is attracting great interest due to its synergistic combination of catalytic and plasma reactor processes. To provide possible controlling methods to this tunability, two‐dimensional particle‐in‐cell/Monte Carlo simulations are applied to investigate the propagation mechanisms of plasma streamers in the porous catalyst in a surface dielectric barrier discharge. Dry air at atmospheric pressure is investigated under a subnanosecond voltage pulse. The results show that the presence of the catalyst pores could enhance the steamer intensity and control the direction of the streamers, yielding highly concentrated reactive species inside catalyst pores. The streamer propagation speed is enhanced by increasing the strength of cathode voltage. These high‐density plasma streamers with controllable direction could benefit many applications in plasma‐enhanced catalysis.
The role of stereotactic body radiation therapy in the management of pulmonary metastases: a systematic review
Authors: Lee Yung , Samarasinghe Yasith , Samarasinghe Nadeesha , Patel Janhavi , McKechnie Tyler , Finley Christian , Hanna Wael , Swaminath Anand , Agzarian John 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWhile pulmonary metastases are often managed through metastasectomies, stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) is a relatively novel treatment that has shown promise for this disease. This review aimed to summarize the current findings of SBRT in the treatment of pulmonary metastases. MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CENTRAL were searched for articles that examined the use of SBRT for patients with pulmonary metastases. Primary outcomes included overall survival, disease‐free survival, and progression‐free survival. Results were pooled where appropriate. Risk of bias was assessed through the Methodological Index for Non‐Randomized Studies tool. After screening, 13 studies with 545 patients conducted between 2006 and 2020 were included in this review. Primary tumor localizations included gastrointestinal, pulmonary, and bone, among others. Pooled overall survival at 1 year was 81%, 41% at 3 years, 34% at 4 years, and 26% at 5 years. Pooled progression‐free survival at 1, 2, and 3 years was 60%, 41%, and 31% respectively. Local control at 1, 2, and 3 years were 90%, 79%, and 77%, respectively. Preliminary evidence regarding SBRT for treatment of pulmonary metastases shows promising benefits for overall survival and local control. Further high‐quality prospective trials are required to investigate the effectiveness and treatment‐related adverse effects of SBRT, and should compare it with metastasectomy.
Three‐dimensional forming of plastic‐coated fibre‐based materials using a thermoforming process
Authors: Afshariantorghabeh Sanaz , Kärki Timo , Leminen Ville 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThree‐dimensional (3D) forming of fibre‐based materials has been a topic of growing interest over recent years and 3D forming processes using hydroforming, press forming and deep drawing processes have been widely explored. Thermoforming as a potential alternative method for forming these materials remains, however, relatively understudied. This research attempts to provide a fundamental understanding of the thermoforming limitations of plastic‐coated paperboards. In the work, a variety of commercial paperboards are subjected to experimental tests with different forming parameters and moulding depths. Shape accuracy, maximum acquired depth, thickness distribution behaviour and damage mechanisms are used to evaluate thermoformability, and the results linked to the material properties and forming conditions. The research findings indicate that the plastic‐coated paperboards studied are thermoformable but only in simple geometric shapes and with low mould depths. Unlike plastic, thermoforming can result in thickness increase in plastic‐coated paperboards, which is thought to be a result of out‐of‐plane auxetic behaviour of paperboards. Paperboard thermoforming was also found to be hindered by rupture, blistering and curling defects. Tensile strain at break is the key factor determining thermoformability. Additionally, the density of the paperboard can impact the heating step and the rate at which the moisture content of the material changes during the forming process. Furthermore, it was observed that changes in process parameters affected materials differently, with the direction and rate of change differing based on the material being used.
N‐heterocyclic carbene ligated oximes: Exploring the electronic structure and properties
Authors: Dar Mohammad Ovais , Dubey Gurudutt , Singh Tejender , Bharatam Prasad V. 
Published: March 2022

AbstractCompounds with (NHC) → E coordination bond represent a family of chemical species with significant interest and their chemistry is being explored over the past 15 years, where NHC and E represent N‐heterocyclic carbene and main group elements, respectively. NHOs (N‐heterocyclic olefins) are special among these because of the (NHC) → CR2 interaction. NHOs carry nucleophilic exocyclic carbon and many interesting reactions of NHOs are due to this character. Alkylated imidazole oximes (cationic, found useful in medicinal chemistry) [(NHC) → C(H) = NOH]+ carry NHC unit as a functional group. Similarly, the corresponding nitroso‐N‐heterocyclic olefins [(NHC) → C(R)NO] also carry NHC as a functional unit. It is important to establish the interactions between the NHC unit and the rest of the molecule in these species. Density functional theory (DFT) was employed to explore the electronic structure details of a series of oximes and nitroso NHOs. The results indicate that a structure with (NHC) → C coordination interaction can be considered as one of the resonance structures of these species.
IoTSim‐Osmosis‐RES: Towards autonomic renewable energy‐aware osmotic computing
Authors: Szydlo Tomasz , Szabala Amadeusz , Kordiumov Nazar , Siuzdak Konrad , Wolski Lukasz , Alwasel Khaled , Habeeb Fawzy , Ranjan Rajiv 
Published: March 2022

AbstractInternet of Things systems exists in various areas of our everyday life. For example, sensors installed in smart cities and homes are processed in edge and cloud computing centers providing several benefits that improve our lives. The place of data processing is related to the required system response times—processing data closer to its source results in a shorter system response time. The osmotic computing concept enables flexible deployment of data processing services and their possible movement, just like particles in the osmosis phenomenon move between regions of different densities. At the same time, the impact of complex computer architecture on the environment is increasingly being compensated by the use of renewable and low‐carbon energy sources. However, the uncertainty of supplying green energy makes the management of osmotic computing demanding, and therefore their autonomy is desirable. In the article, we present a framework enabling osmotic computing simulation based on renewable energy sources and autonomic osmotic agents, allowing the analysis of distributed management algorithms. We discuss the challenges posed to the framework and analyze various management algorithms for cooperating osmotic agents. In the evaluation we show that changing the adaptation logic of the osmotic agents, it is possible to increase the self‐consumption of renewable energy sources or increase the usage of low emission ones.
Dissociation of Single O2 Molecules on Ag(110) by Electrons, Holes, and Localized Surface Plasmons
Authors: Lee Minhui , Kazuma Emiko , Jung Jaehoon , Trenary Michael , Kim Yousoo 
Published: March 2022

AbstractA detailed understanding of the dissociation of O2 molecules on metal surfaces induced by various excitation sources, electrons/holes, light, and localized surface plasmons, is crucial not only for controlling the reactivity of oxidation reactions but also for developing various oxidation catalysts. The necessity of mechanistic studies at the single‐molecule level is increasingly important for understanding interfacial interactions between O2 molecules and metal surfaces and to improve the reaction efficiency. We review single‐molecule studies of O2 dissociation on Ag(110) induced by various excitation sources using a scanning tunneling microscope (STM). The comprehensive studies based on the STM and density functional theory calculations provide fundamental insights into the excitation pathway for the dissociation reaction.
Performance of the StaphGoldELISA test in determining subclinicalStaphylococcus aureusinfections in dairy cows using a Gaussian mixture model
Authors: Yang Danchen Aaron , Laven Richard Anthony 
Published: March 2022

AbstractBackgroundA novel ELISA test has been developed to detect antigen‐specific IgG in early and late lactation cows in New Zealand.ObjectivesThis study was to evaluate the discriminatory ability of the ELISA based on the detection ofS. aureus‐specific IgG as a screening test.MethodsThe ELISA was used for the composite milk samples taken during routine herd testing in 2018–2019 milking season in New Zealand. In the absence of a gold standard test, the diagnostic specificity and sensitivity was estimated using a Gaussian mixture model.ResultsThe ELISA test had a high accuracy (AUC = 0.98) to detect antigen‐specific IgG in early and late lactation cows with high somatic cell count due to either subsequent to or contemporaneous with theS. aureusinvasion. Using an S/P ratio = 0.3 as the cut‐off value, the ELISA test has sensitivity of 0.9 and specificity of 0.95, while the sensitivity increased to 0.94 at a cost of a decreased specificity of 0.9 at a lower cut‐off value 0.26.ConclusionsThe integration of the ELISA test as a screening tool into specific control programs may be useful to reduce the spread ofS. aureusinfections, to aid with treatment decisions, and to establish a correct milking order.
Theoretische Konzeptualisierung: Politisch relevante Netzwerke
Authors: Lütters Stefanie 
Published: March 2022

ZusammenfassungIn Anschluss an die Theoretisierung sozialer Netzwerke als zentraler Erklärungsfaktor politischer Beteiligung wird im vorliegenden Kapitel das Untersuchungskonzept dieser Arbeit entwickelt. Dies beinhaltet zunächst die Herleitung und Formulierung der grundlegenden Forschungsfrage. Daran anschließend werden die zentralen Begriffe dieser Arbeit präzisiert und der empirische Forschungsstand zur sozialen Netzwerkeinbettung dargelegt. Dessen Diskussion soll Stärken und Schwächen der aktuellen Auseinandersetzung aufzeigen und damit Anknüpfungspunkte für die weitere Konzeptualisierung liefern. Auf dieser Grundlage werden schließlich theoretische Erklärungsstrategien, das empirische Forschungsmodell und statistisch überprüfbare Hypothesen generiert.
Fazit
Authors: Lütters Stefanie 
Published: March 2022

ZusammenfassungDas demokratische Ideal der politischen Gleichheit setzt normativ eine gleichmäßige Repräsentation aller Bürgerinnen und Bürger voraus. „Allerdings klafft (…) zwischen dem Ziel politischer Gleichheit und ihrer tatsächlichen Realisierung eine große Lücke“ (Dahl 2006: 11). Diese manifestiert sich in Form eines sozialen Ungleichgewichtes der politisch Beteiligten, das sich zuungunsten ressourcenschwächerer Personengruppen ausformt. Empirisch unbestreitbar, ist die theoretische Verbindung von sozialen und politischen Merkmalen längst nicht derart eindeutig. Vor diesem Hintergrund hat sich diese Arbeit der Ergründung von Faktoren gewidmet, die ursächlich für eine sozial verzerrte Inanspruchnahme politischer Teilhaberechte verantwortlich sind. Im Forschungsfokus steht das soziale Kapital, das aus einer Netzwerkperspektive heraus theoretisiert und mit sozialstrukturellen sowie rationalen Handlungstheorien verknüpft wurde.
On 1D, $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = 4 supersymmetric SYK-type models. Part II
Authors: James Gates S. , Hu Yangrui , Mak S.-N. Hazel 
Published: March 2022

AbstractThis paper is an extension of our last 1D,$$ \mathcal{N} $$N= 4 supersymmetric SYK paper [1]. In this paper we introduced the complex linear supermultiplet (CLS), which is “usefully inequivalent” to the chiral supermultiplet. We construct three types of models based on the complex linear supermultiplet containing quartic interactions from modified CLS kinetic term, quartic interactions from 3-pt vertices integrated over the whole superspace, and 2(q −1)-pt interactions generated via superpotentials respectively. A strong evidence for the inevitability of dynamical bosons for 1D,$$ \mathcal{N} $$N= 4 SYK is also presented.
2d $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = (0, 1) gauge theories and Spin(7) orientifolds
Authors: Franco Sebastián , Mininno Alessandro , Uranga Ángel M. , Yu Xingyang 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
We initiate the geometric engineering of 2d $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= (0, 1) gauge theories on D1-branes probing singularities. To do so, we introduce a new class of backgrounds obtained as quotients of Calabi-Yau 4-folds by a combination of an anti-holomorphic involution leading to a Spin(7) cone and worldsheet parity. We refer to such constructions as Spin(7) orientifolds. Spin(7) orientifolds explicitly realize the perspective on 2d $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= (0, 1) theories as real slices of $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= (0, 2) ones. Remarkably, this projection is geometrically realized as Joyce’s construction of Spin(7) manifolds via quotients of Calabi-Yau 4-folds by anti-holomorphic involutions. We illustrate this construction in numerous examples with both orbifold and non-orbifold parent singularities, discuss the role of the choice of vector structure in the orientifold quotient, and study partial resolutions.
Projective Limit Techniques for the Infinite Dimensional Moment Problem
Authors: Infusino Maria , Kuhlmann Salma , Kuna Tobias , Michalski Patrick 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe deal with the following general version of the classical moment problem: when can a linear functional on a unital commutative real algebra A be represented as an integral with respect to a Radon measure on the character space X(A) of A equipped with the Borel $$\sigma $$
σ
-algebra generated by the weak topology? We approach this problem by constructing X(A) as a projective limit of the character spaces of all finitely generated unital subalgebras of A. Using some fundamental results for measures on projective limits of measurable spaces, we determine a criterion for the existence of an integral representation of a linear functional on A with respect to a measure on the cylinder $$\sigma $$
σ
-algebra on X(A) (resp. a Radon measure on the Borel $$\sigma $$
σ
-algebra on X(A)) provided that for any finitely generated unital subalgebra of A the corresponding moment problem is solvable. We also investigate how to localize the support of representing measures for linear functionals on A. These results allow us to establish infinite dimensional analogues of the classical Riesz-Haviland and Nussbaum theorems as well as a representation theorem for linear functionals non-negative on a “partially Archimedean” quadratic module of A. Our results in particular apply to the case when A is the algebra of polynomials in infinitely many variables or the symmetric tensor algebra of a real infinite dimensional vector space, providing a unified setting which enables comparisons between some recent results for these instances of the moment problem.
The direct influence of climate change on marginal populations: a review
Authors: Kolzenburg Regina 
Published: March 2022

AbstractClimatic changes and their impact on animals and plants at the margins of their distributions are evident in terrestrial, limnic, and marine environments. I review and summarise the literature related to the direct physiological effects of climate change on marginal populations in all realms and categories. I summarise literature showing physiological and ecological emphasis but do not include studies on modelling, genetic or range shift. I found a great discrepancy in representation of each category, with the majority of studies and the greatest variety of species represented in the marine environment and the least research conducted in limnic environments. The least represented in all environments and marginalities was the plant kingdom, including algae. I identified an uneven distribution of studies around the globe with a major focus on Europe and North America. Literature results show an overarching negative impact on organismal physiology independent of a realm and/or geographic location, potentially leading to species and hence biodiversity loss, and tightly coupled with this, a loss of ecosystem functions at the respective sites. All these points may lead to unstable ecosystems and socio-economic implications at the respective sites.
The PBW Basis of $U_{q,\overline {q}}(\ddot {\mathfrak {g}\mathfrak {l}}_{n})$
Authors: Neguț Andrei 
Published: March 2022

AbstractWe consider the PBW basis of the quantum toroidal algebra of ${\mathfrak {g}\mathfrak {l}}_{n}$

g
l

n

, which was developed in Neguț (Adv. Math. 372, 2020), and prove commutation relations between its generators akin to the ones studied in Burban and Schiffmann (Duke Math. J. 161(7):1171–1231, 2012) for n = 1. This gives rise to a new presentation of the quantum toroidal algebra of type A.
Tilings with Nonflat Squares: A Characterization
Authors: Friedrich Manuel , Seitz Manuel , Stefanelli Ulisse 
Published: March 2022

AbstractInspired by the modelization of 2D materials systems, we characterize arrangements of identical nonflat squares in 3D. We prove that the fine geometry of such arrangements is completely characterized in terms of patterns of mutual orientations of the squares and that these patterns are periodic and one-dimensional. In contrast to the flat case, the nonflatness of the tiles gives rise to nontrivial geometries, with configurations bending, wrinkling, or even rolling up in one direction.
Prehospital traumatic cardiac arrest: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Vianen Niek Johannes , Van Lieshout Esther Maria Maartje , Maissan Iscander Michael , Bramer Wichor Matthijs , Hartog Dennis Den , Verhofstad Michael Herman Jacob , Van Vledder Mark Gerrit 
Published: March 2022

Abstract
Background
Circulatory arrest after trauma is a life-threatening situation that mandates urgent action. The aims of this systematic review and meta-analysis on prehospital traumatic cardiac arrest (TCA) were to provide an updated pooled mortality rate for prehospital TCA, to investigate the impact of the time of patient inclusion and the type of prehospital trauma system on TCA mortality rates and neurological outcome, and to investigate which pre- and intra-arrest factors are prognostic for prehospital TCA mortality.

Methods
This review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA and CHARMS guidelines. Databases were searched for primary studies published about prehospital TCA patients (1995–2020). Studies were divided into various EMS-system categories. Data were analyzed using MedCalc, Review Manager, Microsoft Excel, and Shinyapps Meta Power Calculator software.

Results
Thirty-six studies involving 51.722 patients were included. Overall mortality for TCA was 96.2% and a favorable neurological outcome was seen in 43.5% of the survivors. Mortality rates were 97.2% in studies including prehospital deaths and 92.3% in studies excluding prehospital deaths. Favorable neurological outcome rates were 35.8% in studies including prehospital deaths and 49.5% in studies excluding prehospital deaths. Mortality rates were 97.6% if no physician was available at the prehospital scene and 93.9% if a physician was available. Favorable neurological outcome rates were 57.0% if a physician was available on scene and 38.0% if no physician was available. Only non-shockable rhythm was associated with a higher mortality (RR 1.12, p = 0.06).

Conclusion
Approximately 1 in 20 patients with prehospital TCA will survive; about 40% of survivors have favorable neurological outcome.