bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Elite universities in Chile: Between social mobility and reproduction of inequality
Authors: Quaresma María Luisa , Villalobos Cristóbal 
Published: May 2022

The Chilean Higher Education System can be considered an exemplary case of massification based on the privatisation and heterogenisation of universities. These processes have created a dual system, with a large group of universities for mass education versus a small group of universities focused on educating elites. In this context, this paper aims to analyse the ethos and missions of elite universities and programmes, their selection mechanisms, and students’ socioeconomic and cultural background. Eight case studies were selected, and different data collection techniques were used: interviews with academics, non-participant observations, students’ survey and secondary data analysis. Results show that these elite universities (characterised by overrepresentation of students from the upper and middle-upper classes, high levels of excellence and prestige, and academic selection processes or high fees) respond to their own market niche’s needs, differentiating themselves not only from ‘mass universities’ but also from each other. To achieve this, each elite university has its own vision, set of values and practices. Despite these differences, all the elite universities and programmes seek to face the current tertiary massification scenario by opening up to student social diversity ensuring, however, that these changes do not structurally modify their sociocultural composition or their institutional mission.
Received: 4 December 2020Accepted: 20 April 2022
Learners’ attitude towards outcomes-based teaching and learning in higher education
Authors: Ortega-Dela Cruz Ruth A. 
Published: May 2022

As outcomes-based education (OBE) is now being pursued in the Philippine higher education, learners have expressed their varied sentiments to this new approach. This cross-sectional study on the undergraduate and postgraduate learners sought answers as to what attitudes they may foster towards the success of implementing outcomes-based teaching and learning approach in a State University. It also aimed at determining the relationship between learners’ demographics, and their attitude towards OBE. Findings reveal that learners have positive attitude towards OBE. Correlation analysis revealed a significant relationship between learners’ demographics, and their attitude towards OBE. Analysis of variance reveals significant differences in the attitude of learners across degree levels. As the values formation seems to be a source of dispute among the learners of this new approach, it may also be the source of hope for its brighter future. Taking positively, it simply demands both the learners and educators the kind of character that will help them achieve their goals. For it is within the values of everyone to continue with what the implementers have started while waiting to reap its fruit towards excellence in higher education.
Received: 12 January 2021Accepted: 11 January 2022
Influential factors contributing to the understanding of international students’ choice of Malaysian higher education institutions: Qualitative study with a focus on expected benefits
Authors: Haniya Osama K. , Said Hamdan 
Published: May 2022

This research aimed to identify the influential factors contributing to the international students’ choice of Malaysian Higher Education Institutions (HEIs), focusing on the expected benefits. Additionally, the study contributes to the development of the higher education sector in Malaysia by providing recommendations to the HEIs based on the students’ perceptions. To achieve this purpose, the researchers utilized a qualitative approach through interviews where the study targeted the international students in Malaysia; 18 students were interviewed until saturation was reached. The thematic analysis was utilized to analyze the interviews where five major influential factors were highlighted and investigated: reliability, assurance, tangibility, empathy, and responsiveness. The results showed that the Malaysian universities provide higher than average services to international students, which met most of their expectations; this is clear through the international students’ answers to questions under different constructs such as reliability, assurance, tangibles, empathy, and responsibility. The international students believe that the brand image and reputation of HEIs have a positive impact on their choice and expectations, and they believe that Malaysian HEIs are among the world’s top universities. The study contributes to Malaysian HEIs in terms of the students’ feedback that could be an advantage for existing efforts to develop the academic services of the country.
Received: 17 January 2021Accepted: 18 February 2022
Effect of Varying Temperature by Covered Plastic Film on Growth and Development of Chickpea
Authors: Satpathi Anurag , Nain A.S. , Setiya Parul 
Published: May 2022

Background: Climate change has become a major challenge in cultivation of chickpea and productivity. Negative impacts of climate change are likely to result from the effects of high temperature, low temperature, drought and excessive moisture and these factors affect crop yield ultimately. Methods: Keeping in view for quantifying the effects an experiment was laid out in split plot design. The experiment with three dates of sowing i.e. 12th December 2018 (D1), 22nd December 2019 (D2) and 2nd January 2019 (D3) as main plot treatments and the four microclimatic regimes viz. open field (T1), Open roof (T2), perforated roof (T3) and closed or packed (T4) by 100 GSM plastic film as sub plot treatments was laid to analyse the impact of temperature variation. Result: The major finding of the study is that the chickpea crop sown on 12th Dec. (D1) found highest grain yield (1200 kg ha-1) as compared to 22nd Dec. (845 kg ha-1) and 2nd Jan. (638 kg ha-1). This may be mainly attributed to congenial weather during the entire growing period. By studying the role of weather variables on chickpea in terms of seed yield, it is noticed that best performance of Packed subset (T4) i.e. 1044 kg ha-1 was observed in all dates of sowing followed by Perforated (T3) i.e. 955 kg ha-1, Open roof (T2) i.e. 813 kg ha-1 and Open field (T1) i.e. 765 kg ha-1.
Increased blood-brain barrier permeability correlate with microglial activation at hippocampal CA1 region in acute and chronic bilateral common carotid artery ligation in rats
Authors: Wibisono Dian Prasetyo , Arfian Nur , Pramusinto Handoyo , Munawaroh Fauziyatul , Krisnugraha Yeshua Putra , Tamba Daniel Agriva , Sari Dwi Cahyani Ratna 
Published: May 2022

Inflammatory processes might play a key role in the pathogenesis of post-stroke epilepsy. The activation of microglia and release of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM1) might induce blood-brain barrier (BBB) disintegration. However, the influence of such pathomechanisms in the generation of post-stroke epilepsy is still not clear. We investigated whether cerebral ischemia exerts effects on inflammation in the hippocampus by measuring the hippocampal injury score, expression of a microglial marker, and expression of VCAM1 in rats. A total of 24 Sprague Dawley rats were randomized into four groups with 6 rats in eachgroup i.e. sham operation (SO) as control, carotid ligation 1 (GCL1) as an acute model, carotid ligation 3 (GCL3) as a subacute model, and carotid ligation 7 (GCL7) as a chronic model. Immunostaining for microglia marker (CD68) was measured in rat brain tissue sections. The VCAM1 expression was evaluated by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Cerebral ischemia increased the amount of microglial immunostaining and expression of VCAM1. The hippocampal injury score and microglial immunopositivity were significantly correlated with the duration of brain ischemia. We conclude that cerebral ischemia is correlated with neuroinflammatory reaction and disturbance of BBB permeability, and the correlation of those molecular impairments with the generation of post-stroke epilepsy remains to be elucidated.
The role of clinical reminder system to drug prescribing on patients of the National Health Insurance with ischemic stroke
Authors: Hiola Faramita , Dwiprahasto Iwan , Pinzon Rizaldy 
Published: May 2022

Since 2014 Indonesia has entered the era of universal health coverage (UHC) and public health financing system managed by the Social Security Organizing Agency Law/SSOAL (Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial/BPJS) . In this system, a national formulary was used as the basis for prescribing drugs by clinicians. One effort for quality and cost control in UHC was to develop a clinical reminder system (CRS) to help prescriber set treatment options in accordance with the national formulary. The aim of this study was to measure the role of CRS to the compatibility of drug prescribing in patients with ischemic stroke in Bethesda Hospital Yogyakarta, Indonesia. This study was carried out using quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test design. The subjects of this study were outpatient ischemic stroke and the National Health Insurance (NHI) participant, age >18 years and had complete medication data. Prescribing data were compared between stroke patients treated at the hospital before and after implementation of CRS. The study was performed in 200 National Health Insurance (NHI) scheme outpatients with ischemic stroke. The groups consisted of 100 patients without CRS and 100 patients with CRS. The basic characteristics of both groups were similar. The results showed that after implementation of CRS, a significant improvement in the compliance of the neurologist prescribing medicine used to be available only in national formulary (RR: 1.02; 95% CI=1.00-1.04; p=0.015). Among others the most significant improvement was the prescription of antidyslipidemic using HMG-CoA medicine available in formulary. In conclusion, CRS can improve the compliance of prescribing with national formulary in stroke ischemic patients.
Hearing loss in pediatric patients with congenital rubella syndrome
Authors: Muyassaroh Muyassaroh , Rahmi Nisa Alifia 
Published: May 2022

Congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) is caused by rubella infection in pregnant women. It was estimated 100.000 children with CRS, with 46% found in developing countries. The CRS consists of symptoms like sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL), congenital heart disease, cataract or congenital glaucoma, and other symptoms. Sensorineural hearing loss is the commonest symptoms compared with others. This study aimed to determine the hearing loss in CRS in Dr. Kariadi Central Hospital, Semarang, Central Java. This was a descriptive study using data from medical records from CRS pediatric patients who had BERA examination from January 2019 until December 2020. The CRS was characterized with one or more symptoms: SNHL, congenital cataract, congenital heart disease, and laboratory IgG and/or IgM Rubella (+). The SNHL was described from refer OAE result, tympanometry A, and BERA with hearing threshold ≥40 dB. Follow-up evaluation was performed with Google form questionnaire. There were 55 CRS cases with 70.9% had bilateral SNHL, mostly with very severe hearing loss. Normal hearing was found in 16 children (28.1%). From 30 children who were followed up, there were 20 children who had bilateral SNHL with 30% were moderate-severe degree and 70% profound. With further multidisciplinary management in children with CRS and parental support, 65% children used hearing aid and 40% had auditory-verbal therapy (AVT). Evaluation of the AVT showed progress in 30% children. In conclusion, SNHL is found in 70.9% children with CRS. Further management using hearing aid and AVT shows progress on few children.
Relationship between high-risk human papilloma virus (HPV) and subclinical condyloma acuminata (CA) in the cervix of high-risk women
Authors: Lumban Tobing Benjamin Ricardo Rubirosa , Hutapea Richard , Nadeak Kristina 
Published: May 2022

Condyloma acuminata (CA) is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by both high- and low risk human papilloma virus (HPV) infection. Subclinical CA looks like a white spot after an acetic acid test. High-risk women are women who have a high risk of STIs, including CA. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between high-risk HPV and subclinical CA in the cervix of high-risk women. This was a cross-sectional analytic study involving 30 high-risk women. The age, the age at first sexual intercourse, the frequency of sexual intercourse, the number of sexual partners and the use of condoms were recorded. Subclinical CA was diagnosed by the 5% acetowhite test. HPV infection was detected by PCR. Kruskal Wallis test was conducted to evaluate the relationship between variables and the results were considered to be significant if p<0.05. The HPV infection was detected in 15 high-risk women with subclinical CA and most subjects showed the high-risk type. No significantly relationship between age and using of condom with high-risk HPV or with subclinical CA (p> 0.05). No significantly relationship between age at first sexual intercourse and frequency of sexual intercourse with high-risk HPV was also observed (p> 0.05), however, a significantly relationship with subclinical CA was observed (p < 0.05). In conclusion, there is a relationship between high-risk HPV and subclinical CA in the cervix of high-risk women.
Antibiotic resistance of biofilm-producing bacteria from sepsis patients in Prof. Dr. Margono Soekarjo Hospital, Purwokerto, Central Java
Authors: Hestiyani Rani Afifah Nur , Siswandari Wahyu , Indriani Vitasari , Peramiarti I Dewa Sang Ayu Putu , Anjarwati Dwi Utami , Prihartini Hermin 
Published: May 2022

Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction induced by the body's response to infection and is a significant cause of critical illness and death in hospitals. Bacteria are the most common pathogens that cause sepsis, and their ability to form biofilms increases their resistance to antibiotics. As a result of the failure of antibiotic administration therapy, the severity and pain of sepsis worsen. The study used a descriptive research design to determine the antibiotic resistance pattern of biofilm-producing bacteria from clinical isolates of sepsis patients. Using the BacT/Blood Culture System Alert, all patients suspected of sepsis in the intensive care unit of Prof. Dr. Margono Soekarjo General Hospital Purwokerto were examined for blood cultures between March and July 2018. These were then identified and tested for antibiotic resistance with the Vitek 2 Compact. Biofilm formation was detected utilizing the microtiter plate assay method, and the data were analyzed using a frequency distribution table. The results obtained 12 bacterial isolates, with Escherichia coli (41.67%), Staphylococcus haemolyticus (33.33%), Klebsiella pneumoniae ssp pneumoniae, Enterobacter cloacae complex, and Acinetobacter baumannii complex (8.33%) as the most common bacteria. All gram-negative bacteria (more than 80%) were resistant to ampicillin, cefoxitin, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, aztreonam, and trimethoprim but were sensitive to meropenem (100%). Gram-positive bacteria were resistant to cefoxitin, benzylpenicillin, oxacillin, ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, and clindamycin (100% each). However, they were sensitive to tigecycline, nitrofuran, quinupristin, linezolid, vancomycin, and tetracycline (100% each). Gram-negative bacteria formed 50% biofilms, and 50% did not, whereas gram-positive bacteria produced 100% biofilms. In conclusion, bacteria clinical isolates of septic patients from Prof. Dr. Margono Soekarjo General Hospital Purwokerto are multiresistant to more than six types of antibiotics and produce weak to moderate biofilms, which can promote antibiotic resistance.
Challenge in diagnosing tuberculosis on a boy with severely wasted in limited resource area
Authors: Siagian Marini , Tanyadji Norman 
Published: May 2022

Hunger and malnutrition are still the leading cause of morbidity and mortality among children around the world. Undernutrition increases the risk of tuberculosis (TB) which in turn could worsen undernutrition. Indonesia is currently the second highest newly diagnosed TB in the world after India. TB in children with severely wasted is difficult to diagnose. This is a case report about a 35-month-old boy with severely wasted complicated with hypoglycemia, severe dehydration, and pneumonia. After proper nutritional management without the expected outcome, patient was then worked up for TB resulting negative result of tuberculin skin test (TST). Nevertheless, he was still treated with antituberculosis and had significant improvement, hence continuation to complete 6 mo period of therapy. This case report describes the challenge of diagnosing TB in children with severely wasted in limited resource areas. The reduced immune responses, due to severely wasted, caused subtle clinical signs of TB and decreased sensitivity to tuberculin testing. The unavailability of radiologic examination added further problem in diagnosis. The diagnosis of TB should be considered among children in areas with a high prevalence of TB, presenting with severely wasted refractory to proper nutritional management.
Obesity and the role of genetic polymorphism: A review of genes as the risk of obesity
Authors: Hastuti Pramudji 
Published: May 2022

Obesity can be caused by environmental factors, which are higher energy input or lower energy expenditure. Environmental factors supported by genetic factors cause a person to have a different risk for developing obesity from to another. Genetics factors cause obesity through several pathways, which are impaired regulation in the hypothalamus and the regulation of energy expenditure. Obesity may be caused by one gene as monogenic-associated obesity, however, commonly caused by several genes together with environmental factors as the main multi-factorial risk of obesity. Obesity causes inflammation which leads to metabolic diseases. Many efforts are performed to prevent or treat obesity through the intervention to environmental and or genetic factors. Many attempts to reduce the prevalence of obesity were performed by influencing the environmental risk factors or the genetic risk factors. In this review, we identified the main genes which influence obesity. The genetic risks of obesity may be different from one to another country or between ethnic groups. Therefore, a better treatment approach should consider the differences role of genes in obesity rather than only changes in lifestyle. Nutrigenetic approach by considering the difference role of gens in responding to nutrients or drugs is recommended in individualized treatment plans.
Hypertext in language teaching and learning: a bibliometric study
Authors: Santos Flávia Cacho dos , Galvão Nadielli Maria dos Santos 
Published: May 2022

Powered by digital, hypertext has brought about changes in reading and writing in the information society. With its links, it enables navigation in the "ocean" of ideas, requiring adequate knowledge to navigate. Incomprehension and textual abandonment are consequences that scholars report and that we need to discuss. About them, we highlight Lévy (2011), Marcuschi and Xavier (2010), Castells (2020), Schuab (2016), Schnneider and Carvalho (2018), important authors in the discussion about technology and education. In this paper, we focused on analyzing the need for the debate on hypertext in language teaching-learning with a bibliometric research, whose goal is to provide a broad mapping of a subject, serving as a support for new studies. We obtained, as a result, the idea that hypertext is an area of research evident in developed countries and in need of current research.
PHOLIDOTA CHINENSIS ALLEVIATES AZOXYMETHANE/DEXTRAN SULFATE SODIUM-INDUCED COLORECTAL CARCINOGENESIS THROUGH INHIBITION OF TLR4 AND COX-2
Authors: Liu Li-Long , Xu Kai , Kang Lu-Mei , Jiang Shu-Ping , Wang Qing-Hua , Zhang Lei , Wan Shao-Gui , Chen Hongping 
Published: May 2022

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) always progresses to colorectal cancer (CRC) which is the second most frequent cause of death by cancer. It is about
2% of population in the lifetime worldwide who at the risk for development of CRC. Oxaliplatin is an effective anticancer drug used for the treatment of advanced CRC, however, it always causes a robust painful neuropathy. Pholidota chinensis is a Chinese folk herbal medicine which was used for treatment of inflammation such as gastroenteritis, duodenal ulcer and bronchitis. In the present study, we examined the role of Pholidota chinensis in inflammation-related colon tumorigenesis which was induced by azoxymethane (AOM)/dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in mice. We found that Pholidota chinensis can alleviate the colon tumorigenesis. The prevention effects of Pholidota chinensis is similar to oxaliplatin. Specifically, administration of Pholidota chinensis solution suppresses the expression of the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Our findings suggested that Pholidota chinensis participate in the regulation of colon cancer development through inhibiting the expression of TLR4 and COX-2.
POTENTIALS OF SOME PLANT-DERIVED FOODS IN THE MANAGEMENT OF DIABETES AND ASSOCIATED COMPLICATIONS
Authors: Ogunyinka Bolajoko Idiat , Oyinloye Babatunji Emmanuel , Adenowo Abiola Fatimah , Kappo Abidemi Paul 
Published: May 2022

Background and Objective: Diabetes is an insidious as well as a debilitating metabolic disease with variety of causes that could lead to severe
complications in multiple organs within the body system. There has been no documented scientific evidence as regards total cure of this complex
chronic disease; therefore, it demands a lifelong management. This has necessitated the recent evaluation of several plant derived foods as costeffective
alternatives in the management of diabetes and its associated complication.
Materials and Methods: This review is based on integration of information from multi-databases after a comprehensive literature search on the
various plant derived foods that have been reported to have shown a certain degree of amelioration in the management of diabetes and diabetic
complications.
Result and Discussion: Published reports suggest that oxidative stress primarily mediated by uncontrolled hyperglycemia play a pivotal role in the
pathogenesis of diabetes and its associated complications. Therefore, various plant-derived foods are believed to delay, prevent or manage diabetes
and its associated complications using different mechanisms which could be established through their potential to increase insulin sensitivity, free
radicals scavenging abilities, hypolipidemic, hypoglycaemic, hypocholesterolemic, antioxidative, anti-inflammatory and inhibition of α-amylase and
α-glucosidase activities.
Conclusion: Based on the evidence presented in this review, plant-derived foods possess bioactive constituents believed to be rich in antioxidants
and proteins which may be responsible for their mode of actions; we propose that Cucuma longa (curcumin), Garcinia kola (kolaviron), Telfairia
occidentalis and Parkia biglobosa be explored in the management of diabetes and its associated complications due to their outstanding beneficial
effects.