bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment methods for patients with psychosomatic illnesses
Authors: Boukdir A. , Khallouk A. , Rhaouti A. , Stati S. , Nafiaa H. , Ouanass A. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionPsychosomatic illnesses correspond to physical symptoms (with or without objectivable organic lesions), that psychological factors such as stress and personality type, would have a potential effect on their appearance, evolution and / or worsening. These psychosomatic conditions are quite common but difficult to diagnose. Doctors from different specialties are consulted by the patients and multiple examinations and investigations are run by specialists in order to get to the final diagnosis. These psychosomatic conditions may appear under different types of illnesses : respiratory (asthma), dermatological (psoriasis, eczema), digestive (gastric ulcer, ulcerative colitis, Crohn’s disease), cardiovascular (arterial hypertension, infarction), neurological (migraine)…ObjectivesStudy management modalities of psychosomatic disorders through cases followed in consultation at the university psychiatric hospital Ar-razi of Salé in MoroccoMethodsthrough cases followed in consultation at the university psychiatric hospital Ar-razi of Salé in MoroccoResultsFrom the results observed in the patients recruited in this study, we retain the need for a bio-psycho-social approach, through a global approach of the patient in all its dimensions, not only biological, but also psychological and social ; we also retain the essential role of the psychiatrist in the management of these psychosomatic disorders, both in preventive and curative terms, by allowing a better understanding of the interactions between physical and mental health.Conclusionspsychosomatic conditions are quite common but difficult to diagnose and the need for a bio-psycho-social approach, through a global approach of the patient in all its dimensions, not only biological, but also psychological and social is crucial.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
The effects of lithium and inflammation on the atherosclerosis of older bipolar patients at high risk for cardiovascular disease
Authors: Tsai S. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionAtherosclerosis can result in serious cardiovascular disease (CVD) and is associated with inflammation and psychopharmacological treatment in bipolar disorder.ObjectivesWe attempt to investigate the effects of lithium and inflammation on the atherosclerotic development in older bipolar adults at high risk for cardiovascular disease.MethodsThe euthymic out-patients with bipolar I disorder aged over 45 years and concurrent endocrine or cardiovascular disease were recruited to measure their bilateral carotid intima media thickness (CIMT) and circulating levels of lithium, valproate, sTNF-R1, sIL-6R, and lipid profile. All clinical information were obtained by directly interviewing patients and reviewing all medical records.ResultsForty eight patients with mean 48.3 years old and mean 27.2 years of age at illness onset were recruited. After controlling for the body mass index, multivariate regression analyses showed that older age, lower lithium level, and higher plasma sTNF-R1 level were associated with higher CIMT and collectively accounting for 33.1% of the variance in CIMT. Blood level of low density lipid or valproate has none relationship with CIMT.ConclusionsLithium treatment may protect older bipolar patient, even those at high risk for CVD, from atherosclerotic development. Furthermore, persistent inflammatory activation, particularly macrophage activation, may be associated with the accelerating development of atherosclerosis.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Childhood trauma and comorbid anxiety disorders in patients with bipolar disorder
Authors: Bougacha D. , Ellouze S. , Jenhani R. , Ghachem R. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionA history of childhood trauma and Comorbid anxiety disorders have each been identified as potential predictors of unfavorable outcomes in patients with bipolar disorder. Nevertheless, the relationship between these two prognostic features has been little studied.ObjectivesIn the present study, we aim to explore the relationship between childhood trauma and comorbid anxiety disorders in bipolar patients.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional, descriptive, and analytical study. Sixty-one euthymic patients with bipolar disorder were recruited in the department of psychiatry B of Razi Hospital, during their follow-up. We assessed history of childhood traumatic experiences with the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) and current diagnosis of anxiety disorders with the M.I.N.I. International Neuropsychiatric Interview.ResultsThe mean age of patients was 43.4. The sex ratio was 2.4. Almost two-thirds of patients (64%) had experienced at least one type of childhood trauma. Twenty-one percent of participants had one anxiety disorder and 12% participants had two or more current anxiety disorders. Of the anxiety disorders, social anxiety disorder was significantly associated with emotional abuse subscale (p=0.002). Generalized anxiety disorder was significantly associated with the physical abuse subscale (p=0.025) and the number of severe childhood trauma per patient (p=). A statistically significant association was found between the number of current anxiety disorders and the emotional abuse sub score (p=0.021).ConclusionsExposure to childhood traumatic experiences is associated with more common comorbid anxiety disorders among bipolar patients. These prognostic features should systematically be a part of clinical assessment and taken into account in the management of these patients.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Lithium: more than a mood stabilizier
Authors: Fraga A. , Mesquita B. , Facucho-Oliveira J. , Albuquerque M. , Espada-Santos P. , Cintra P. , Paulino S. , Moutinho A. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionBipolar disorder (BD) is characterized by episodic changes in affect, motivation, cognition and behavior. This severe mental disorder has a prevalence of at least 1% and a high heritability of 60%-80%. The pathophysiology is still poorly understood but evidence indicate that the disorder relates to disturbances in front-limbic networks relevant for emotion processing and regulation. New techniques have been used to study BD and showed aberrante white matter (WM) microstructure in the corpus callosum and from-limbic pathways. However, lithium, a mood stabilizier, it looks like has celular and neuromodulatory effects.ObjectivesThe authors elaborate a narrative literature review to identify the existing clinical evidence of lithium’s effect on the WM from BD patients.MethodsPubmed databased searched using the therms “bipolar disorder”, “white matter” and “lithium”.ResultsLithium is a bipolar medication that confers treatment and long-term prophylaxis and been reported as having neuroprotective effects.Studies that used new techniques such diffusion tensor imaging measures to assess white matter integrity reported a positive effect of lithium on the integrity of WM of BD patients and suggest that response to lithium treatment in BD patients is associated with normalization of WM microstructure in regions associated with emotion processing.ConclusionsLithium appears to positively influence the evolution of the white matter abnormalities described in BD patients however further investigation is required to strongly reinforce this potential and safety.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Manic patients and sleep management: the role of polysomnography in clinical practice
Authors: Pacchioni F. , Cavallini M.C. , Fregna L. , Sarzetto A. , Attanasio F. , Barbini B. , Colombo C. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionSleep plays a key role in the pathogenesis and clinic of mood disorders. However, few studies have investigated electroencephalographic sleep parameters during the manic phases of Bipolar Disorder (BD).ObjectivesSleep management is a priority objective in the treatment of the manic phases of BD and the polysomnographic investigation can be a valid tool both in the diagnostic phase and in monitoring clinical progress.MethodsTwenty-one patients affected by BD, manic phase, were subjected to sleep monitoring via PSG in the acute phase (at the entrance to the ward) and in the resolution phase (near discharge). All participants were also clinically evaluated using Young Manic Rating Scale (YMRS) Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Morningness-eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ) at different timepoints.ResultsOver the hospitalization time frame there was an increase in quantity (Total Sleep Time) and an improvement in the quality and effectiveness of sleep (Sleep Efficiency). In addition, from the point of view of the EEG structure, clinical improvement was accompanied by an increase in the percentage of REM sleep.ConclusionsSleep monitoring by PSG can be a valuable tool in the clinical setting both in the diagnostic phase, “objectively” ascertaining the amount of sleep, and in the prognostic phase, identifying electroencephalographic characteristics that can predict the patient’s progress and response to drug therapy. The improvement in effectiveness and continuity of sleep and the change in its structure that accompanies the resolution of manic symptoms also testifies how the regularization of the sleep-wake rhythm is to be considered a priority in treating manic phases.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Comparison of prevalence, clinical evolution and vaccination rate against COVID 19 in a population of patients diagnosed with Dual Bipolar disorder and Non-dual bipolar disorder
Authors: Losilla Rodríguez B. , Palermo Zeballos F. , Ortiz Jiménez M. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionSince the beginning of the pandemic, 4,745,519 cases, 396,878 hospitalizations and 82,884 deaths with COVID-19 have been reported in Spain. As of August 24, 2021, 76.4% of Andalusians over 12 years of age have the complete vaccination regimen.ObjectivesMain: to calculate the prevalence of COVID 19 infection, clinical evolution, and vaccination rate in a population of patients diagnosed with dual bipolar disorder. Secondary: compare these data with those obtained inpatients diagnosed with non-dual bipolar disorder.MethodsRetrospective descriptive study. The study population is made up of patients diagnosed with dual bipolar disorder and non-dual bipolar disorder (according to DSM 5 criteria). Infection, admission, death, and vaccination data were obtained from the patient’s medical history.ResultsOf the 7 patients diagnosed with dual bipolar disorder, the prevalence of COVID 19 infection, since the beginning of the pandemic is 0% and of the 21 patients diagnosed with non-dual bipolar disorder the prevalence is 9.51% (2/21). Of the patients with COVID 19 infection, none required hospital admission and no deaths occurred. The vaccination rate in the group of patients with dual bipolar disorder is 85,71% (6/7) and in the group of non-dual bipolar disorder is 61.91% (13/21), no finding statistically significant differences between both groups.ConclusionsIn our study the prevalence of COVID 19 infection inpatients diagnosed with dual bipolar disorder is 0% and the vaccination rate is 85.71%. While in patients with non-dual bipolar disorder the prevalence is 9.51%, there were no admissions, no deaths and the vaccination rate is 61.91%.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Hyperprolactinemia with antipsychotics and the need for magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Molina Liétor M.D.C. , Cuevas Iñiguez I. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionHyperprolactinemia is a frequent medical condition in daily clinical practice. In most laboratories, normal prolactin (PRL) concentrations are less than 25ng / ml in women and less than 20ng / ml in men. The causes of hyperprolactinemia can be physiological or secondary, among which a differential diagnosis must be made.ObjectivesThe causes of hyperprolactinemia are reviewed on the basis of a clinical case.MethodsBibliographic review and presentation of a clinical case.ResultsThe case of a 17-year-old patient is presented, who comes to the Emergency Department due to a picture of agitation at home. Her relatives comment that two months ago, they began to notice her strange, very active and without the need to sleep. During the examination, the patient presents with verbiage, flight of ideas, and megalomanic thoughts. A manic episode was diagnosed and the patient was admitted to the psychiatric hospital. She was prescribed risperidone up to 4mg / day, carrying out prolactin determination after a few days. The baseline prolactin determination was 140 ng / ml and 130 ng/ml at twenty minutes. Due to the very high levels, the question arises as to whether the cause of hyperprolactinemia is due to treatment or hypothalamic damage. The MRI: “slight asymmetry in the pituitary gland, being discreetly more globular the adenohypophyseal LD, which could be in relation to underlying microadenoma”. As there were no previous data, the decision was made to withdraw risperidone with the introduction of aripiprazole and imaging tests periodically.ConclusionsDifferential diagnosis of the cause of hyperprolactinemia is important.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
“Pre-Existing and New-Onset Cognitive Impairment in Patients with COVID-19”
Authors: Krysta K. 
Published: September 2022

Recently, many reports have been available related to neuropsychiatric complications in the course of COVID-19 infection, and its long-term consequences. Many of them are related to psychological factors, such as: isolation, change of existing habits, fear of getting sick and dying, fear of losing a job and fears related to the financial situation, which resulted in an increase in the occurrence of diseases and mental disorders such as adaptation and anxiety disorders, depression. t has been also reported that treatment in conditions of intensive care unit lead to high prevalence of psychiatric disorders like PTSD in discharged patients. In our own studies we observed that patients with new appearing psychiatric symptoms were mostly those, who were professionally active, but did not work remotely. The time the patients spent at home had a negative impact on their well-being, they generally felt worse, their family life suffered more frequently. The most common cognitive symptoms, which are reported embrace: problems with short- and long-term memory, lack of mental clarity, feeling eclipsed, lightheaded, poor concentration, mental fatigue. We also present here a series of post-acute COVID cases from the examined population and provide a concise comparison of observed symptomatology with previous reports.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
“I’ve discovered the COVID-19 vaccine”. Approach of a bipolar disorder clinical case in the Mental Health Day Hospital of Salamanca during the pandemic
Authors: Gonzalez-Mota A. , Fombellida Velasco C. , Gonzalez Gil A. , Gómez Hernández P. , Vicente Torres I. , Covacho Gonzalez M. , Payo-Rodriguez C. , Beltran-Mercado E. , Roncero C. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionA 21-year-old woman diagnosed with bipolar disorder was hospitalized in the Mental Health Day Hospital of Salamanca during the Covid pandemic. The patient engaged with 4 different jobs and a master’s degree, beginning with verbose speech, dysphoria, global insomnia, grandiose delusions, extremely high energy and thinking she has the vaccine. She works the following objectives:illness insight, risk factors, psychopathological stabilization, social skills, slowing down of activities and taking responsibilities.ObjectivesThe objective is do a follow-up of the patient during her hospitalization in the Mental Health Day Hospital and to carry out a structured search in PubMed and Up-to-Date about psychotherapy and bipolar disorder.Methods3-month follow-up of a 21-year-old woman diagnosed with bipolar disorder during her hospitalization in the Mental Health Day Hospital in Salamanca and a structured search in PubMed and Up-to-Date in April 2021 in English, French and Spanish, including the last 10 years with the keywords “psychotherapy”, “psychotherapies” and “bipolar disorder “.77 studies were analyzed: 12 included, 65 excluded.ResultsSeveral randomized trials highlight the efficacy of group psychoeducation and cognitive-behavioural therapy in relapse prevention, improving illness insight, medical adherence and less hospitalizations. Therapeutic alliance plays a significant role in the process. Our patient improved her knowledge of her illness and treatment, her social skills and reconnected with her relatives and slowed down her activity. She then was referred to her community mental heath center psychiatrist.ConclusionsThe insight in bipolar disorder plays an important role in medical adherence and prevention of relapses. Therapeutic alliance improves their insight, their functionality in their daily life and enables close monitoring. Medical treatment should be accompanied by psychotherapy for a complete approach of the treatment.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Treatment-resistant Bipolar Disorder and Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Jemli H. , Ouali U. , Aissa A. , Zgueb Y. , Jomli R. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionBipolar disorder (BD) is a chronic and recurrent illness frequently associated with functional deterioration and treatment challenges. High rates of thyroid dysfunction have been found in patients with BD, compared to the general population.ObjectivesTo illustrate through a case-report the therapeutic challenges of treatment-resistant bipolar disorder and its relationship with thyroid dysfunction.MethodsCase report of a 41-year-old male patient with BD and comorbid anxiety disorders who has been diagnosed with thyroid cancer and underwent total thyroidectomy.ResultsMr B is a 41 year old patient diagnosed with BD and comorbid anxiety disorders (panic disorder, social anxiety disorder and generalized anxiety disorder) at age 18. He has presented in total 17 relapses and was hospitalized 7 times between the ages of 18 and 24. He experienced predominantly major depressive episodes with mixed features and debilitating anxiety symptoms. He was put on several treatments including a combination of mood stabilizers, antidepressants and benzodiazepines. Due to unsatisfactory treatment response, he was put on clozapine 150mg to 175mg/d combined with valproic acid, clonazepam. In 2009, the patient developed a nodular goiter caused by papillary thyroid carcinoma and underwent total thyroidectomy and radioactive iodine therapy. Following the surgical operation and stabilization of thyroid functioning, a decrease in the number of relapses and the severity of mood and anxiety symptoms have been noted.ConclusionsThis case reports highlights the importance of thyroid function assessment in patients with bipolar disorder and the possible correlation to treatment resistance and symptom severity.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
The Effects of Emotional Dysregulation and Impulsivity on Suicidality in Patients with Bipolar Disorder
Authors: Kulacaoglu F. , Izci F. 
Published: September 2022

Introduction
Bipolar disorder (BD) is a prevalent, often severe, and disabling illness that affects about 1-5% of the general population and has the highest risk of suicide among psychiatric disorders. Impulsivity and, emotion dysregulation have been emphasized due to their role in facilitating suicide acts among those with suicide ideation.Objectives
This study aimed to examine the relationship between emotional dysregulation, impulsivity, and suicidality in patients with bipolar disorder by comparing bipolar patients with healthy individualsMethodsThe study included 85 patients (59 women, 26 men) with bipolar disorder and education and age-matched 65 (44 women, 21 men) healthy volunteers. The patient group was divided into 3 subgroups according to have suicide attempt history, have suicide ideation without attempt, and have neither suicide attempt nor ideation. Sociodemographic Form, The Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS), Barratt Impulsivity Scale (BIS-11), Scale for Suicide Ideation, Suicide Behaviors Questionnaire scales were applied to the participants.ResultsPatients with bipolar disorder had significantly higher scores for emotion dysregulation and impulsivity than the healthy control group. A statistically significant correlation was found between emotion dysregulation, impulsivity, suicide ideation, and suicide behavior scores. DERS Total and Barratt Total scores were found higher for bipolar patients with suicide attempts than bipolar patients with suicide ideation and bipolar patients with neither attempt nor ideation. The hierarchical regression analysis has indicated that strategies, clarity, and non-planing impulsiveness were the predictors of suicide ideation in bipolar patients.ConclusionsThe results suggested a strong association between emotional dysregulation, impulsivity with suicide ideation, and behavior in patients with bipolar disorder.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
Comorbidity of CRHR2 gene variants in type 2 diabetes and depression
Authors: Amin M. , Ott J. , Wu R. , Postolache T. , Vergare M. , Gragnoli C. 
Published: September 2022

IntroductionThe corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor 2 (CRHR2) gene encodes CRHR2, which is an important element in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal physiologic response towards stress culminating in hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, mood disorders and depression (MDD). CRHR2-/- mice are hypersensitive to stress, and the CRHR2 locus in humans has been linked to type 2 diabetes (T2D) and MDD.ObjectivesSeveral variants in the CRHR2 gene have been reported in patients with bipolar disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, and T2D, but variants in the gene have not been investigated in families with T2D and MDD.MethodsWe genotyped 212 Italian families with T2D and MDD. We tested 17 SNPs in the CRHR2 gene using two-point parametric-linkage and linkage-disequilibrium (LD) analysis with the following models: dominant with complete-penetrance (D1), dominant with incomplete-penetrance (D2), recessive with complete-penetrance (R1) and recessive with incomplete-penetrance (R2).ResultsWe detected linkage to and/or LD with: MDD for 3 SNPs/D1, 2 SNPs/D2, 3 SNPs/R1, and 3 SNPs/R2; and, T2D for 3 SNPs/D1, 2 SNPs/D2, 2 SNPs/R1 and 1 SNP/R2. Two independent SNPs were comorbid. Interestingly, the variants linked to or in LD with MDD had in general higher statistical significance level than the variants linked to T2D, despite that the families were primarily ascertained for T2D.ConclusionsOur study shows for the first time that the CRHR2 gene which encodes CRHR2 is in linkage to and linkage disequilibrium with MDD and T2D, thereby contributing, in families with T2D, to both disorders and underlying the shared genetic pathogenesis of their comorbidityDisclosureNo significant relationships.