bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns and molecular characterization of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants among Salmonella and Shigella spp. isolated from pediatric patients
Authors: Mirzaii Mehdi , Alebouyeh Masoud , Sohrabi Mohammad Bagher , Eslami Parisa , Fazli Mojgan , Bazobandi Zahra , Rashidan Marjan 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background: Diarrhea remains a serious public health problem, which could be life- threatening in children. Salmonella and Shigella are among the main responsible agents. Fluoroquinolones are the most common antibiotics prescribed to treat these infections; however, increasing rate of resistance and its spread through plasmid- mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes should be considered for medication in each country. To achieve this aim, the current study was conducted to determine the frequency of PMQR genes in Shigella and Salmonella isolates of pediatric patients with acute diarrhea. Methods: In this study, Shigella and Salmonella isolates from fresh stool samples of diarrhea patients were included from May 2017 to May 2018. All the isolates were characterized by conventional phenotypic and molecular methods. The antibiotic resistance profiles and the frequency of PMQR genes were determined by standard susceptibility and molecular test methods. Results: The highest antibiotic resistance rate among Shigella and Salmonella isolates was related to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (37/40; 92.5%) and cefoxitin (5/45; 11.1%), respectively. Although qnrS, qepA, and aac (6¢)-Ib-cr genes were characterized in 32.5%, 2.5%, and 2.5% of the Shigella strains, qepA (17.7%) and qnrS (4.4%) were among the common PMQR determinants in the Salmonella isolates, respectively. The reduced susceptibility to ciprofloxacin was detected among 25% and 22.2% of PMQR-harboring strains of Shigella and Salmonella, respectively. Conclusion: Low rates of ciprofloxacin resistance and low frequency of MDR Salmonella and Shigella isolates were characterized in this study. Most of the isolates that carried PMQR determinants presented only low-level resistance and reduced susceptibility to ciprofloxacin.
Vagus Nerve Stimulation Attenuates Acute Kidney Injury Induced by Hepatic Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury by Suppressing Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Apoptosis in Rats
Authors: Deng Simin , Zhang Yifeng , Xin Ying , Hu Xinqun 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Hepatic ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury, caused by limited blood supply and subsequent blood supply, is a causative factor resulting in morbidity and mortality during liver transplantation (LT) and liver resection. Hepatic I/R injury frequently contributes to remote organ injury, such as kidney, lung, and heart. It has been demonstrated that vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is effective in remote organ injury after ischemia reperfusion injury. Here, our aim is to investigate the potential action of VNS on hepatic I/R injury-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) and explore its underlying mechanisms. To test this hypothesis, male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned into three experimental groups: Sham group (sham operation, n=6); I/R group (hepatic I/R with sham VNS, n=6); and VNS group (hepatic I/R with VNS, n=6). VNS was performed during the entire hepatic I/R process. Our results showed that throughout the hepatic I/R process, VNS significantly reduced inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis, and greatly enhanced the protein expression levels of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and hemeoxygenase-1 (HO-1) in the kidneys. These findings suggest that VNS may ameliorate hepatic I/R injury-induced AKI by suppressing inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis probably through activating the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway.
Prior combined dehazing network based on mutual learning
Authors: Qiao Dong , Kong Xiangtong , Kong Lingjian , Liu Jifang , Mi Wenpeng , Meng Shenghao 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Single image dehazing is an important problem for high-level computer vision tasks since the existence of haze severely degrades the recognition ability of computers. Most recent works tend to combine prior-based dehazing method with a convolutional neural network (CNN) to improve the dehazing effect in real scenes. However, these methods do not tackle with the color shifts caused by prior-based methods effectively. In this paper, we propose a prior combined dehazing (PCD) network based on mutual learning. Specifically, we build two sub-networks to achieve dehazing by both supervised and unsupervised ways. The supervised sub-network is optimized by ground truth, which provides color fidelity but may acquire under-dehazed images when applied to real scenes; The unsupervised sub-network is optimized by the dehazed images of dark channel prior, which improves the generalization ability but introduces some color shifts or artifacts. Since the dehazed of these two sub-networks show complementary advantages, a mutual learning mechanism is built for the joint optimization. And we propose a feature fusion module based on the perceptual differences to acquire the final results. The experimental results demonstrate that our method surpasses previous state-of-the-arts on both synthetic and real-world dataset.
Incidence of major cardiovascular events at 1, 2, 5 years and mortality in incident patients on peritoneal dialysis regarding their nutritional status by bioimpedanciometry. A multicenter study in Colombia
Authors: Torres Rodolfo , Reina Maricely , Olivares Orlando , Rosselli Carlos , Montoya María , Reales Marginis , Andrade David , Centeno Carlos , Briceño Robert , Buitrago David , Hernández Leonardo , Morales Jesús , Delgado Caterin , gresott Ella , Gutiérrez Gerardo , Molina Carolina 
Published: August 2022

Abstract

Background: The nutritional status of incident patients on peritoneal dialysis (PD) has been associated with survival outcomes. Bioimpedanciometry (BCM) enables to establish a nutritional diagnosis, the volume status, and correlates these findings with survival (1). Methods: Retrospective multicenter historical cohort study. Results: In this study, which included 420 incident patients on peritoneal dialysis with a 5-year follow-up, a cumulative incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) of 28.8% was found; being higher in the diabetic population at 36.8%. In regard to the nutritional status in this population, it was found that approximately 44% had altered nutritional status; 34% were found to be in sarcopenia, 6.7% sarcopenic obesity; and 2.8% in obesity (p < 0.001). In the survival analysis, a lower probability of survival was found in patients with overhydration (OH) greater than 3 liters (p<0.001) and in patients with altered nutritional status due to sarcopenia, sarcopenic obesity, and obesity (p 0.016). According to survival in the subgroup of the diabetic population, a lower probability of survival was found in this group of patients (p:0.011); The overall mortality of the study population was 18%, being higher in the first 2 years; thus finding that the most important causes of mortality were cardiovascular. Of the deceased population, 51% were diabetic patients (p:0.012) Conclusion: In incident patients on peritoneal dialysis, sarcopenic obesity, sarcopenia, overhydration status determined by BCM, and having a diagnosis of diabetes are related to a lower probability of survival; MACE outcomes are more frequent in the diabetic population.
Risk factors for sudden cardiac arrest in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Chu Chang-Hung , Shih Hong-Mo , Yu Shao-Hua , Chang Shih-Sheng , Sie Ji-Syuan , Huang Fen-Wei , Hsu Tai-Yi 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Background
Sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) is a critical complication of acute myocardial infarction, especially ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). This study identified the risk factors for SCA in patients with STEMI before receiving catheterization.
Methods
We retrospectively analyzed the data of patients with STEMI and cardiac arrest who presented to a tertiary care center in Taiwan between January 1, 2016, and December 31, 2019. Only patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) confirmed by coronary angiography were included in this study. We collected the patients’ demographic and clinical data, such as age, sex, medical history, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and coronary angiographic findings. The primary outcome of this study was SCA in patients with STEMI. Continuous and nominal variables were compared using the two-sample Student's t-test and chi-squared test, respectively. The results of logistic regression were subjected to multivariate analysis with adjustment for possible confounders.
Results
A total of 920 patients with STEMI and coronary angiography–documented CAD and 108 patients with SCA who presented between January 1, 2016, and December 31, 2019, were included. The bivariate logistic regression analysis of patients’ demographic data revealed that patients with STEMI and SCA were slightly younger, were more likely to have diabetes mellitus, and had lower eGFR than patients without SCA. The coronary angiographic findings indicated a higher prevalence of left main CAD and three-vessel disease in patients with SCA than in patients without SCA. Multivariate logistic regression revealed that left main CAD (odds ratio [OR]: 3.77; 95% Cl, 1.84 to 7.72), lower eGFR (OR: 0.97; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.96 to 0.98), and younger age (OR: 0.98; 95% CI, 0.96 to 0.99) were the risk factors for SCA in patients with STEMI.
Conclusions
Left main CAD, lower eGFR, and younger age are the risk factors for cardiac arrest in patients with acute myocardial infarction.
An analysis of the utilisation of medical identification jewellery among children and young adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus in Australia
Authors: Heath Madeleine , Torpy David , Rushworth Louise 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Aims
People with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) are at risk of life-threatening illness. Medical jewellery is recommended for emergencies, but its uptake is unknown. This study assessed the use of medical jewellery among people with T1DM aged 0–24 years in Australia.
Methods
A cross sectional analysis of subscription data to the largest medical identification jewellery service in Australia was analysed by age, sex and geographic location using Australian population data from 2018.
Results
There were 1599 people with T1DM aged 0–24 in the database, but only 1061 had an active subscription, corresponding to an active subscription rate of 13.28/100,000 population or approximately 5% of the estimated patient population. Half of the active subscribers were male (543/1061, 51/3%). The average age of active subscribers was 17; very few (n = 12, 1.1%) were aged less than 5; and the highest number (n = 141, 39%) was in the 20–24 age group. Active subscription rates varied significantly by geographic location. 88.4% of active subscribers had a diagnosis of T1DM or equivalent inscribed on their emblem, while engraved instructions for management in an emergency were only included in 1.8% of records (n = 19).
Conclusions
Medical jewellery subscription rates were lower than expected; increased with age; and varied significantly by state/territory. The use of medical identification jewellery may be limited by the lack of suitable engraved instructions for use in an emergency. Factors leading to low use should be addressed.
Inventory Model with Zero Defective Smart Production System
Authors: Miriam Renee , Martin Niventha , Anand M. Clement Joe 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
A smart production system is characterized by quality productive mechanisms integrated with technology. In this research work, a quality-centered inventory model with the objective of minimizing waste generation is formulated to develop zero defective productive scenarios. In this model, the repairable items are identified and classified into batches based on 4 levels of quality. Level 1 compromises products that are less than 25% defective. Level 2 consists of the remaining products which are up to 50% defective. Level 3 and Level 4 consist of products that are up to 75% and 100% defective. The model also comprises quality maintenance cost parameters with demand expressed as the function of quality and market price. The obtained optimal order quantity expression and annual net revenue is validated and sensitively analyzed with numerical data. The proposed model shall be extended with the inclusion of product distribution entities with respective cost parameters to formulate a more comprehensive quality and eco-centric inventory model.Mathematics Subject Classification 90B05, 90B30
Interference Aware Routing in Dynamic Mobile Adhoc Network with the Concern of QoS Factors in Military Information System
Authors: Vignesh V. , Elngar Ahmed A. , Gopalan Harihara 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Military communications or military signals are involved with every aspect of communications, or the information transmission, by the military services. The capability for the receipt and usage of information holds high importance on the battlefield. MANETs (Mobile Ad hoc Networks) facilitate military communications by forwarding information to respective nodes at the correct time. But secured and robust communication has become the most crucial task in which the information transmitted to two troops fighting in the battery field via the same nodes may be disintegrated and data loss can happen. Several earlier studies have focused on interference-aware routing in a MANET environment. Military environments have mobile nodes while their infrastructure is more or less static, creating issues in interference-aware routings specifically when groups of soldiers disperse in different directions. This research work attempts to cross this hurdle and overcomes this issue with its proposed QoS-IRDMANET (Quality of Services and Interference aware Routing in Dynamic MANETs). Routes defined in this scheme consider QoS criterion along with interference conditions using a weighted sum method. This scheme renders priority in data communications by allocation of more bandwidths to respective communications at executions where critical information is immediately shared with corresponding troops. Moreover, path failures are also taken into account by this scheme owing to the unavailability of resources or node movements. The proposed scheme is demonstrated through simulations with satisfactory results when compared to earlier similar works in this area.
Existence of solutions for some classes of integro-differential equations on ${C^1}(\mathbb{R}_{+})$ by applying a measure of noncompactness
Authors: Tamimi Hengameh , Saiedinezhad Somayeh , Ghaemi Mohammad Bagher 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This paper introduces sufficient conditions for the existence of solutions in some classes of integro-differential equations. Due to Darbo's fixed point theorem with an appropriate measure of noncompactness, we prove the existence of solution in each class of equations. Finally, some significant examples are solved using the artificial small parameter method.Mathematics Subject Classification (2010). 47H10, 45J05, 47H08.
Abdominal perfusion pressure in critically ill cirrhotic patients: a prospective observational study.
Authors: Pereira Rui , Esteves André , Cardoso Filipe , Marcelino Paulo , Perdigoto Rui , Saliba Faouzi 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Introduction In critical patients, abdominal perfusion pressure (APP) has been shown to correlate with outcome. However, data from decompensated cirrhotic patients and acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is scarce. Objectives We aimed to characterize APP in critically ill cirrhotic patients, analyze the prevalence and risk factors of developing abdominal hypoperfusion (AhP) and impact on outcome. Methods A prospective cohort study in a general ICU specialized in liver disease at a tertiary hospital center. Consecutive cirrhotic patients were recruited between October 2016 and December 2021. Results The study included 101 patients, with a mean age of 57.2 (±10.4) years and a female gender proportion of 23.5%. The most frequent etiology of liver disease was alcohol related (51.0%), and infection (37.3%) was the common precipitant leading to ICU admission. ACLF grading (1-3) proportion was 8.9%, 26.7% and 52.5%, respectively. A total of 1274 measurements were performed. At admission, AhP prevalence was 47.5% and mean APP was 63 (±15) mmHg. Patients with baseline AhP had higher 28-day mortality (75.0% vs. 45.2%; p=004), and longer ICU stay (days) (9 [5, 14] vs. 7 [4, 9]; p=0.03). AhP was not an independent risk factor for mortality. Paracentesis at admission was an independent protective factor (aOR 0.23, CI95% 0.06-0.85, p=0.03), while ACLF grading (aOR1.84, 96%C.I. 1.12-3.02, p=0.02) was a risk factor for AhP. Conclusion Critical cirrhotic patients present high prevalence of AhP. Paracentesis was protective and ACLF severity was a risk factor for AhP. A structured strategy for AhP should be considered in the high-risk cirrhotic patient.
The Effects of Inequality on Global Economic Growth
Authors: Greaves Gerry 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
Previous efforts to determine the effect of inequality on growth, which relied on comparing growth rates of countries (or the same country over time) with different levels of inequality, have met with limited success. This paper provides a novel economic model that combines a Solow growth model with a closed 3-Equation model which includes the effects of inequality on consumer demand and thus growth. It models consumer demand using four income classes with different tax rates and propensities to consume whose sizes and incomes are determined by the level of inequality. It allows a wide range of inequality to be evaluated. This quantifies the effect of inequality on growth, but it also reveals its effects on interest rates and government spending guiding fiscal and monetary policy.Among the unprecedented findings are 1) The maximum GDP growth occurs at a Gini coefficient of about 0.66 unless negative nominal interest rates or ongoing deficit spending is allowed; 2) Gini coefficients above 0.66 result in drastically reduced GDP caused by insufficient demand; 3) Below this point, there is excess demand which causes upward pressure on inflation and results in higher nominal interest rates; 4) At the current global Gini coefficient of about 0.62, real interest rates are near zero; 5) As inequality grows, the middle and upper middle classes shrink while the poor and rich classes expand.JEL classifications: D63, O40, E52, E62
Amorphous non-doped and Se, Cu, and Zn-doped Sb2S3 nanoparticles prepared by a hot-injection method: Bandgap tuning and possible observation of the quantum size effect
Authors: Valldzic Ivana L , Popović Maja , Potočnik Jelena , Graf Christina , Joschko Maximilian , Kuznetsova A. , Zatsepin Dmitry A. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
The modified hot-injection method was applied for the synthesis of amorphous non-doped and copper (Cu) and selenium (Se) doped antimony (III) sulfide (Sb2S3) nanoparticles with reduced sizes. Moreover, zinc (Zn) doped Sb2S3 nanoparticles were synthesized for the first time by the same approach. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and TEM of amorphous undoped and doped samples revealed small spherical nanoparticles of a few (1-4) nanometers aggregated into larger spherical clusters, while introducing different dopant ions into the Sb2S3 structure did neither influence the spherical morphology nor the sizes of samples. The presence of the basic elements (S and Sb) and dopants (Cu, Se, or Zn) was confirmed by EDX analysis and mapping. Additionally, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) was performed on the Zn-doped Sb2S3 sample, confirming spherical morphology as well as quantitative incorporation of Zn in the Sb2S3 lattice. X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) results of the non-doped and doped samples revealed an amorphous structure. The crystalline Zn-doped Sb2S3 samples obtained by heating the amorphous ones revealed well-defined peaks from only the Sb2S3 phase, confirming a successful doping process. Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) revealed high optical bandgap energies (2.03–2.12 eV) in comparison to the values (1.6–1.7 eV) obtained for large spherical non-doped and doped particles. It was demonstrated that there is not only a significant reduction in particle size compared to previously synthesized non-doped and doped amorphous nanoparticles of the same composition, but that there is also a significant increase in the bandgap values of 0.4-0.5 eV, which could be attributed to a quantum size effect. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements revealed pure phase composition without any impurities for the undoped sample, and characteristic peaks for copper 2p, selenium, and zinc Auger peaks for the doped samples, respectively. The XPS valence band measurements were performed due to the weak Zn Auger peak, confirming a shift towards lower binding energy compared to the non-doped sample, demonstrating the doping of the observed sample. Photoluminescence (PL) measurements show that embedding Zn into the Sb2S3 host lattice suppresses the wide luminescence band with peaks at 1.7 eV, 2.0 eV, 2.2 eV, and 2.4 eV, which is related to intrinsic defects. Furthermore, the energy dependence of the light emission on the size of the synthesized nanoparticles suggests that the quantum confinement effect causes the light emission.
Enhancement of LiZnVO 4 nanoparticles incorporated with PVDF nanocomposites for high-performance lithium-ion battery application
Authors: Elashmawi I. S. , Ismail A. M. , Abdelghany A. M. , Yassin A. Y. 
Published: August 2022

Abstract
This work aims to prepare LiZnVO4 nanoparticles and incorporate them into PVDF as a host polymeric material using the casting method for rechargeable Li-battery applications. The effect of LiZnVO4 on the structural and optical properties of the samples was studied using XRD, FT-IR, and UV-is techniques. Moreover, the electrical conductivity of the prepared films was studied. The XRD spectra show the semicrystalline structure of PVDF and the rhombohedral structure of LiZnVO4. Scherer's equation was used to determine the crystallite size of LiZnVO4 which is nearly 83 nm. The interaction between PVDF and LiZnVO4 was approved by shifting some FT-IR bands. The band gap energies were decreased by increasing LiZnVO4 due to the density in the localized states in the mobility band gap in PVDF. The AC parameters as a function of frequency and temperature were investigated in detail. Both ε' and ε" had their maximum values at low frequencies and decreased as the frequency and temperature increased. The XRD and FT-IR findings corroborate the increased dielectric characteristics and tan δ at 5 wt. percent LiZnVO4, suggesting their potential use as a basic material in the development of cutting-edge energy storage devices and lithium-ion batteries.