bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pathogenic and clinical implications of serum protein biomarkers in idiopathic transverse myelitis
Authors: Kim Keon-Woo , Lee Eun-Jae , Kim Sang-Yeob , Jung Hee-Jae , Kim Hyo-Jae , Kim Seungmi , Kim Hyunji , Seo Dayoung , So Jung-Min , Kim Jiyon , Kim Hyunjin , Kim Kwang-Kuk , Lim Young-Min 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background
Idiopathic transverse myelitis (ITM) is related to central nervous system inflammatory demyelinating diseases (CIDDs). However, its pathogenesis is still largely unknown and clinically applicable monitoring biomarker is lacking. We investigated serum levels of neurofilament light chain (sNfL) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (sGFAP) in patients with ITM to unravel the pathogenetic disease characteristics and clinical implications of these markers.
Methods
We prospectively recruited patients with ITM and CIDDs—MS and NMOSD—with acute (≤ 2 months) transverse myelitis attacks and healthy controls (HCs) between July 2018 and April 2020. We measured sNfL and sGFAP levels using ultrasensitive single-molecular arrays, examined their associations with clinical parameters, and compared them according to lesion volume between disease groups during attacks.
Results
A total of 119 participants were analyzed (70 with ITM [12 with attacks; 58 in remission], 11 with anti-aquaporin-4-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (AQP4 + NMOSD), eight with multiple sclerosis (MS), and 30 HCs). Compared to HCs (median, sNfL: 10.92 pg/mL, sGFAP: 104.94 pg/mL), ITM patients showed higher sNfL and sGFAP during acute attack (sNfL: 20.57 pg/mL, p < 0.001, sGFAP: 130.76 pg/mL, p = 0.024), while those in remission (sNfL: 14.64 pg/mL, p = 0.944, sGFAP: 99.71 pg/mL, p > 0.999) did not. Multivariable analyses showed that both serum biomarkers were associated with acute attacks in ITM patients. ITM patients showed lower sGFAP/volume (median, 273.35 pg/mL/cm3) than AQP4 + NMOSD patients (1317.56 pg/mL/cm3, p = 0.011) during acute attack.
Conclusions
Both sNfL and sGFAP reliably reflect disease activity in ITM. Our analyses show no ongoing inflammation during remission and less damage to astrocytes in ITM than in AQP4 + NMOSD, suggesting that a substantial proportion of ITM may not share the pathogenesis of MS or NMOSD.
Prediction method of cutting stability of roadheader based on Newton-Lagrange mixed discrete method
Authors: ZHU Yun , XIE Miao , WANG He 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
In order to study the influence of the multiple interaction of coal and rock and the velocity effect of the cutting head on the flutter stability of the cutting head, considering the physical characteristics of coal and rock, the structural parameters of the cutting head and the motion parameters of the cutting head, the functional expression of the cutting depth of the cutting head and the participating cutting teeth is fitted, the cutting state mechanical characteristic equation of the dynamic cutting of the cutting teeth is established, and based on the mapping relationship between the cutting teeth and the cutting head, A cutting dynamic model including multiple interactions between cutting head and coal and rock and speed effect is constructed; An improved discrete method based on Newton Lagrange mixed interpolation is proposed, and the influence law of the coupling effect of regeneration effect and velocity effect on the stability of cutting flutter under cutting state is clarified; The improved full discrete method is compared with the full discrete method and the semi discrete method, and the superiority of the improved full discrete method based on the mixed interpolation method is proved; Based on the improved total discrete method, the influence of different cutting system dynamic parameters on the stability is studied. A cutting head coal rock system cutting test-bed is built to simulate the flutter of the cutting system. The results show that the improved fully discrete method can well predict the actual cutting state.
Design, synthesis and cytotoxic evaluation in tumor cell lines of organotin(IV) complexes with heteroditopic hydroxo-carboxylato polyaromatic ligands¶
Authors: Baul Tushar S. Basu , Hlychho Bietlaichhai , Addepalli Maheswara Rao , Kundu Sajal , Vos Dick , Linden Anthony 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Three polynuclear organotin(IV) derivatives of composition [n-Bu3Sn(HL)]n1, [Ph3Sn(HL)]n2and [n-Bu2Sn(HL)2]23were synthesized by reacting 2-((E)-(4-hydroxy-3-((E)-((4-(methoxycarbonyl)phenyl)imino)methyl)phenyl)diazenyl)benzoic acid (H′HL) with (n-Bu3Sn)2O, Ph3SnOH andn-Bu2SnO, respectively. The structures1–3were fully characterized by elemental analysis, IR and NMR (1H,13C, and119Sn),119Sn Mössbauer spectroscopy, and additionally, the molecular and crystal structures of1–3and its pro-ligand (H′HL) were established by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The tributyltin(IV) complex1is a one-dimensional coordination polymer, in which the azo ligand bridges adjacent Sn(IV) centres solelyviathe two carboxylate O-atoms. The hydroxy H atom forms an intramolecular O–H···N hydrogen bond with the imine N-atom, as observed in the crystal structure ofH′ΗL. The triphenyltin(IV) complex2is also a one-dimensional coordination polymer, but in this case the azo ligand bridges adjacent Sn(IV) centresviaits carboxylate group and the deprotonated phenol O-atom. Unlike in1, the phenol H-atom has migrated to the imine N-atom, to give a zwitterionic form of the azo ligand. The tin centers in1and2are pentacoordinated and reveal a distortedtrans-R3SnO2trigonal-bipyramidal environment. The dibutyltin(IV) complex3crystallizes as discrete centrosymmetric dinuclear entities where the unique Sn(IV) center is heptacoordinated in a distorted pentagonal bipyramid coordination geometry.In vitrocytotoxicity studies of compound1was performed and compared with2across a panel of human tumor cell lines,viz., A498, EVSA-T, H226, IGROV, M19 MEL, MCF-7 and WIDR and the results were compared with the data of six clinically used anticancer drugs. Compounds1and2are potent cytotoxic agents and warrant further investigation as potential anticancer agents.
Cellulose/Expandable Graphite Composite Aerogels with Good Flame- Retardant and Filtration Performance
Authors: Gang hanlin , Xu Dengzui , Ma Sitian , Zhou Yongheng , Chen Qingqing , Xiao Jinfeng , Zhou Yingshan , Gu Shaojin , Xu Weilin , Zhuang Yan , Yang Hongjun 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Cellulose has been widely used in filtration owing to its abundance, low density, and high specific surface area. However, the use of cellulose-based scaffolds for filtration under high temperatures or with sparks is difficult to realize because cellulose is highly flammable. To develop an advanced cellulose-based filtration material with excellent flame-retardant and filtration performance, in this study, an ice template is employed to prepare a cellulose/expandable graphite (EG) aerogel with a direction porous structure for filtration. The effect of the EG concentration in the aerogel on the aerogel’s physical properties, as well as its flame-retardance and filtration performance is investigated. Experimental data indicates that a compound aerogel with a 30 wt% EG concentration is extinguished immediately after leaving the fire source and has a self-extinguishing time as short as 0.155 s. The formation of a direction porous structure in cellulose/EG aerogels provides a pathway for air movement during the filtration process. The use of EG could improve the filtration performance of cellulose aerogels by increasing the specific surface area. When the EG concentration in the aerogel is 30 wt%, the blocking efficiency of particle sizes less than 0.3 and 0.5 µm reaches 98 % and 99 %, respectively, and the blocking efficiency of particle sizes less than 1.0 µm is 96 %. As-prepared cellulose/EG aerogels have good mechanical properties and thermal stability, which implies that they can be used for filtration under high temperatures and sparks. Moreover, the filtration performance of cellulose/EG aerogels prepared using ice templates with direction porous structure and excellent flame-retardance can potentially be used for filtration-based applications under high temperature and electrical spark conditions. The use of EG and direction porous structures in cellulose aerogels provides a novel idea for the functionalization of cellulose scaffolds.
Gene signature based on glycolysis is closely related to immune infiltration of patients with osteoarthritis
Authors: Chen Ziyi , Wang Wenjuan , Hua Yinghui 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Background:Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease characterized by low-grade inflammation and high levels of clinical heterogeneity. Aberrant metabolism such as shifting from oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis is a response to changes in the inflammatory micro-environment and may play a key role in cartilage degeneration and OA progression. Therefore, there is a pressing need to identify glycolysis regulators in the diagnosis of OA, determination of individualized risk, discovery of therapeutic targets, and improve understanding of pathogenesis.
Methods: We systematically studied glycolysis patterns mediated by 141 glycolysis regulators in 74 samples and discussed the characteristics of the immune microenvironment modified by glycolysis. The random forest was applied to screen candidate glycolysis regulators to predict the occurrence of OA. RT-qPCR was performed to validate these glycolysis regulators. Then two distinct glycolysis patterns were identified and systematic correlation between these glycolysis patterns and immune cell infiltration was analyzed. The glycolysis score was constructed to quantify glycolysis patterns together with immune infiltration of individual OA patient.
Results: 56 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of glycolysis were identified between OA and normal samples. STC1, VEGFA, KDELR3, DDIT4 and PGAM1 were selected as candidate genes to predict the risk of OA using the random forest (RF) method. Two glycolysis patterns in OA were identified and glycolysis scoring system was constructed to show distinct individual immune characteristics. Glycolysis cluster A and higher glycolysis score was revealed to be related to an inflamed phenotype.
Conclusions: Taken together, these results established a genetic signature for OA based on glycolysis, which has reference significance for the in-depth study of the metabolic mechanism of OA and the exploration of new clinical treatment strategies.
Selection of Genipa americana L. seed trees by genetic divergence in fruits, seeds, and seedlings
Authors: Cola Raquel Elvira , Gonçalves Maria da Penha Moreira , Maciel Maria Inês Sucupira , Ralph Lidiana Nayara , Ordonho Ritt , Gallo Ricardo 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Analyses with phenotypic characters are more practical to implement in forest nurseries, considering that genetics should be examined in forest restoration projects. Genipa americana L. is an essential species in producing seedlings for this purpose. This study aimed to select G. americana seed trees, for seed collection, in an area of Atlantic Forest, through the genetic divergence study in fruits, seeds, and seedlings. The study was conducted in the Saltinho Biological Reserve in Tamandaré - PE, Brazil. The ripe fruits of 11 G. americana seed trees were collected. The physical and physicochemical characterization of the fruits, biometric characterization of the seeds, and seed emergence analysis were performed. For the genetic analyses, the model used was the 81 of the Selegen REML/BLUP software and the cluster analysis made by the UPGMA method. The seed trees selection index was also created. The coefficients of determination of the seed trees’ effects were low because there is considerable interaction between the sites in which each one is inserted. It is possible to state that all variables contribute to explaining the genetic dissimilarity between the seed trees. Seed trees 1, 4, and 6 had the best average ranks for the variables collected concerning genotypes. The Saltinho Biological Reserve is a good source of genetic and reproductive material for the species G. americana for forest restoration purposes.
Heavy Metals in Soils Associated with Fertilizers in Trinidad
Authors: Beharry Rosanna , Joseph Andrea , Gordon Andre , Voutchkov Mitko 
Published: October 2022

Abstract

Heavy metals in agricultural soil poses human health risks through food consumption. In a novel study for Trinidad, concentration and pollution index levels of heavy metals were assessed from 18 agricultural farms using the X-Ray fluorescence technique, then to evaluate the Geo-accumulation and Nemerow’s Integrated Pollution indexes. Toxic elements Pb and As were present but soil quality due to anthropogenic input was found as unpolluted. Overall heavy metal pollution was classified at a precautionary level for 33% of farms, slightly polluted for 61% and moderately polluted for 6% of the farms assessed, thus, regular monitoring and mitigation measures are important for food safety and human health in Trinidad.
Multi-environment genomic selection in rice elite breeding lines
Authors: Nguyen Van Hieu , Morantte Rose Imee Zhella , Lopena Vitaliano , Verdeprado Holden , Murori Rosemary , Ndayiragije Alexis , Katiyar Sanjay , Islam Md Rafiqul , Juma Roselyne U. , Galvez Hayde , Glaszmann Jean-Christophe , Cobb Joshua N. , Bartholomé Jérôme 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background: Assessing the performance of elite lines in target environments is essential for breeding programs to select the most relevant genotypes. One of the main complexities in this task resides in accounting for the genotype by environment interactions. Genomic prediction models that integrate information from multi-environment trials and environmental covariates can be efficient tools in this context. The objective of this study was to assess the predictive ability of different genomic prediction models to optimize the use of multi-environment information. We used 111 elite breeding lines representing the diversity of the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) breeding program for irrigated ecosystems. The lines were evaluated for three traits (days to flowering, plant height, and grain yield) in 15 environments in Asia and Africa and genotyped with 882 SNP markers. We evaluated the efficiency of genomic prediction to predict untested environments using seven multi-environment models and three cross-validation scenarios.
Results: The elite lines were found to belong to the indica group and more specifically the indica-1B subgroup which gathered improved material originating from the Green Revolution. Phenotypic correlations between environments were high for days to flowering and plant height (33% and 54% of pairwise correlation greater than 0.5 ) but low for grain yield (lower than 0.2 in most cases). Clustering analyses based on environmental covariates separated Asia’s and Africa's environments into different clusters or subclusters. The predictive abilities ranged from 0.06 to 0.79 for days to flowering, 0.25 to 0.88 for plant height, and -0.29 to 0.62 for grain yield. We found that models integrating genotype-by-environment interaction effects did not perform significantly better than models integrating only main effects (genotypes and environment or environmental covariates). The different cross-validation scenarios showed that, in most cases, the use of all available environments gave better results than a subset.
Conclusion: Multi-environment genomic prediction models with main effects were sufficient for accurate phenotypic prediction of elite lines in targeted environments. The recommendation for the breeders is to use simple multi-environment models with all available information for routine application in breeding programs.
A male case of primary mediastinal choriocarcinoma accompanying with lung metastasis A case report
Authors: Zhou Yang , Kong Li , Yang Chao , Xu Lingzhi , Li Na , Zhao Xiangpeng , Luo Ning , Wang Bing , Zhang AoDan , SUN WeiHang , Kong ZiXuan 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Introduction:Choriocarcinoma is a highly invasive gestational trophoblastic tumor,which is quite rare. In this case report, we analyzed the CT image features in a case of primary choriocarcinoma in the anterior mediastinum accompanying with lung metastasis.
Patient concerns:A 24-year-old male patient had recurrent chest pain for over 20 days, fever, expectoration with blood-stained sputum for over 10 days.
Diagnosis:chest CT revealed a huge mass in the anterior mediastinum and several quasi-circular nodules in bilateral lungs.The pathological diagnosis conformed to non-gestational choriocarcinoma.
Interventions:Chemotherapy using EP regimen: VP-16 0.2g d1-5, DDP 40mg d1-5 ivgtt, 21 days cycle.
Outcomes:Symptoms such as chest pain，fever，cough improved significantly. The condition is stable.
Conclusions：For young male patients with mediastinal mass and single or multiple lung nodules, accompanying with elevated B-HCG contents in urine and serum,primary choriocarcinoma should be vigilant.
cTBS over the pre-SMA in schizophrenia and comorbid substance use disorder: preliminary clinical data
Authors: Pallanti Stefano , Ponzio Michele Di , Makris Nikos , Kubicki Marek 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Schizophrenia (SZ) is a debilitating disorder, which tremendously impacts psychological, social, and financial aspects of patients’ life. Frequently, SZ patients present with poor insight, which can even worse the symptomatology. Antipsychotic medications frequently result in suboptimal outcomes, especially the ones concerning negative and cognitive symptoms. Accordingly, new therapeutic options are warranted. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has been adopted in SZ with promising results. Continuous Theta burst stimulation (cTBS) is a particularly brief and effective form of TMS. It has been successfully applied in patients with poor cognitive control (e.g., gambling disorder’s patients) targeting the pre-Supplementary Motor Area (pre-SMA). Given that poor cognitive control has been regarded as a core deficit in SZ, 11 patients with SZ were included in this study and treated with continuous TBS for a total of 10 sessions during a two-week period. Patients were divided into two groups: patients with a diagnosis of SZ in comorbidity with Substance Use Disorder (SZ + SUD) vs SZ. Patients were evaluated before and after treatment, assessing executive functions, awareness and nicotine craving. Within-group comparisons showed a significant reduction in the Scale to assess Unawareness in Mental Disorders (SUMD) scores (p < 0.05) and in the test of Fagerstrom (to assess nicotine dependence) scores (p < 0.001) before and after treatment in the SZ + SUD group. These results showed the efficacy of cTBS for craving reduction as well as in improving awareness of illness and of treatment. This can considered a remarkable result since a better insight has been previously associated with a better quality of life in SZ.
A qualitative exploration of the reasons and influencing factors for pregnancy termination among young women in Soweto, South Africa: a Socio-ecological perspective
Authors: Mabetha Khuthala , Soepnel Larske , Ssewanyana Derrick , Draper Catherine E , Norris Shane A 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Background: In Southern Africa, an estimated 24% of all pregnancies end in termination of pregnancy, against a backdrop of high rates of unintended pregnancies and unsafe pregnancy terminations. Understanding of the reasons for termination may remain incomplete if seen in isolation of interpersonal (including family, peer, and partner), community, institutional, and public policy factors. This study therefore aimed to qualitatively explore young women’s reasons for terminating their pregnancy, in Soweto, South Africa, with a focus on the impact of socio-ecological factors on their experience.
Methods: In-depth interviews were conducted with ten (10) participants who underwent a termination of pregnancy since being enrolled in the Bukhali trial, set in Soweto, South Africa. A semi-structured interview guide, based on the socioecological domains, was used. The data was analysed using reflexive thematic analysis, and a deductive approach.
Results: The majority of the direct reasons to terminate a pregnancy fell into the individual and interpersonal domains of the socioecological framework. Key reasons included financial dependence and insecurity, feeling unready to have a child (again), and a lack of support from family and partners. However, factors that influenced the participants’ decision and experience, such as the available of social support and (lack of) accessibility to termination services, were identified across all domains. The COVID-19 pandemic and resultant lockdown policies also indirectly impacted participants’ decisions through detrimental changes in interpersonal support and financial situation.
Conclusions: Amongst the South African women included in this study, the decision to terminate a pregnancy was made within a complex structural and social context. Insight into the reasons why women choose to terminate helps to better align legal termination services with women’s needs across multiple sectors, for example by reducing judgement within healthcare settings and improving access to social and mental health support.
Corticosteroid Activation of Atlantic Sea Lamprey Corticoid Receptor: Allosteric Regulation by the N-terminal Domain
Authors: Katsu Yoshinao , Lin Xiaozhi , Ji Ruigeng , Chen Ze , Kamisaka Yui , Bamba Koto , Baker Michael E. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Lampreys are jawless fish that evolved about 550 million years ago at the base of the vertebrate line. Modern lampreys contain a corticoid receptor (CR), the common ancestor of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and mineralocorticoid receptor (MR), which first appear in cartilaginous fish, such as sharks. Until recently, 344 amino acids at the amino terminus of adult lamprey CR were not present in the lamprey CR sequence in GenBank. A search of the recently sequenced lamprey germline genome identified two CR sequences, CR1 and CR2, containing the 344 previously un-identified amino acids at the amino terminus. CR1 also contains a novel four amino acid insertion in the DNA-binding domain (DBD). We studied corticosteroid activation of CR1 and CR2 and found their strongest response was to 11-deoxycorticosterone and 11-deoxycortisol, the two circulating corticosteroids in lamprey. Based on steroid specificity, both CRs are close to elephant shark MR and distant from elephant shark GR. HEK293 cells transfected with full-length CR1 or CR2 and the MMTV promoter have about 3-fold higher steroid-mediated activation compared to HEK293 cells transfected with these CRs and the TAT3 promoter. Deletion of the amino-terminal domain (NTD) of lamprey CR1 and CR2 to form truncated CRs decreased transcriptional activation by about 70% in HEK293 cells transfected with MMTV, but increased transcription by about 6-fold in cells transfected with TAT3, indicating that the promoter has an important effect on NTD regulation of CR transcription by corticosteroids.
Time-period Measurements of Reversible Pendulum Using Arduino
Authors: Wadhwa Adya , Kumar Kuldeep , Wadhwa Ajay 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
We present an experiment to demonstrate the utility of Arduino microcontroller in the undergraduate Physics laboratory. The experiment is the traditional reversible (Kater’s) pendulum which is usedfor the determination of acceleration due to gravity ‘g’. We use the IR sensor with Arduino as an interface to determine accurately the time intervals. This work is inspired by the feedback received from undergraduate students who wanted to improve upon the traditional way of measuring the time periods of oscillations.