bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Precision Medicine Approach for Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in
Therapeutic Apheresis
Authors: Yin X. , Takov K. , Straube R. , Voit-Bak K. , Graessler J. , Julius U. , Tselmin S. , Rodionov Roman N. , Barbir M. , Walls M. , Theofilatos K. , Mayr M. , Bornstein S.R. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractLipoprotein apheresis (LA) is currently the most powerful intervention possible
to reach a maximal reduction of lipids in patients with familial
hypercholesterolemia and lipoprotein(a) hyperlipidemia. Although LA is an
invasive method, it has few side effects and the best results in preventing
further major cardiovascular events. It has been suggested that the highly
significant reduction of cardiovascular complications in patients with severe
lipid disorders achieved by LA is mediated not only by the potent reduction of
lipid levels but also by the removal of other proinflammatory and proatherogenic
factors. Here we performed a comprehensive proteomic analysis of patients on LA
treatment using intra-individually a set of differently sized apheresis filters
with the INUSpheresis system. This study revealed that proteomic analysis
correlates well with routine clinical chemistry in these patients. The method is
eminently suited to discover new biomarkers and risk factors for cardiovascular
disease in these patients. Different filters achieve reduction and removal of
proatherogenic proteins in different quantities. This includes not only
apolipoproteins, C-reactive protein, fibrinogen, and plasminogen but also
proteins like complement factor B (CFAB), protein AMBP, afamin, and the low
affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc region receptor III-A (FcγRIIIa) among
others that have been described as atherosclerosis and metabolic vascular
diseases promoting factors. We therefore conclude that future trials should be
designed to develop an individualized therapy approach for patients on LA based
on their metabolic and vascular risk profile. Furthermore, the power of such
cascade filter treatment protocols may improve the prevention of cardiometabolic
disease and its complications.
Welche Besonderheiten sind bei Schwangerschaft unter Hämodialyse zu beachten?
Authors: Schmidt Christina 
Published: April 2022

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGDieser Beitrag basiert auf einer Facharbeit im Rahmen einer Fachweiterbildung für Nephrologie. Er befasst sich mit den Fragestellungen, ob es generell möglich ist, eine Schwangerschaft erfolgreich unter Nierenersatztherapie (Hämodialyse) zu vollenden und – falls ja – welche Anpassungen des Dialyseregimes erforderlich sind. Auf diese Fragen wird anhand eines konkreten Fallbeispiels eingegangen, mit dem die Verfasserin unmittelbar konfrontiert war. Es werden die Risiken einer Schwangerschaft unter Hämodialyse aufgezeigt und die Herausforderungen für die Ärzte, die Pfleger und die Patientin selbst beleuchtet. Anhand des Fallbeispiels wird die Medikation und die Dialysedosis beschrieben. Neben der Schwangerschaft werden die Geburt und die besonderen Umstände der Hämodialyse in der Stillzeit behandelt. Schließlich wird auf das Problem fehlender Leitlinien im Umgang mit (einer steigenden Anzahl an) schwangeren Hämodialysepatientinnen eingegangen.
Use of Biologic Agents in Extremity Reconstruction
Authors: Grush Andrew E. , Depani Monal , Parham Matthew J. , Mejia-Martinez Valeria , Thornton Alexandra , Sammer Douglas M. 
Published: April 2022

AbstractSkin and soft tissue defects of the lower extremity present a unique challenge for the reconstructive surgeon. Successful repair of the lower extremity relies not only on strong anatomical knowledge and surgical expertise, but also on careful consideration of the numerous preoperative factors and indications that may alter the patient's response to operative management. While many of these injuries result from burns, avulsive trauma, diabetes, or vascular insufficiencies, a significant portion can be associated with resection of neoplastic pathologies. This review outlines the uses, indications, and considerations for biologic wound agents in reconstructing skin and soft tissue defects of the lower extremity following Mohs micrographic surgery.
A Chinese tale of three regions: a century of China in thousands of films
Authors: Chen Zhuo , Ma Wen , Guo Wei , Chen Yunsong 
Published: April 2022

AbstractOver the past 70 years, because of their different historical and social contexts, the film industries of China’s three regions, namely mainland China, Taiwan, and the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (SAR), have exhibited distinct characteristics that grow out of a single cultural root. Based on data from the Internet Movie Database (IMDb), this study investigates how the image of China has spread overseas through cultural products by applying big data analysis and machine learning methods to compare the content, topics, and attitudes toward the image of China disseminated by films originating in these three regions. The results show that the three areas have sought to express their subjectivity during periods of flux and striven to connect with the world in films. The macroscopic analysis of large-scale content allows the exploration of hidden cultural phenomena and compensates for the lack of objectivity of traditional research methods, while understanding embedded historical and cultural contexts of the three regions helps to clarify the regions’ ethnic, cultural, and emotional connections. Therefore, this study has contributed to cultural sociology both in topic and methodology.
Rumen bacteria and feed efficiency of beef cattle fed diets with different protein content
Authors: Parra M. C. , Costa D.F. , Meale S. J. , Silva L. F. P. 
Published: April 2022

Context Beef cattle feed efficiency is challenged in northern Australian production systems due to the limited dietary protein, leading to changes in rumen bacterial populations and fermentation outcomes. Aims Two types of diets with different dietary protein contents were used to evaluate changes in rumen bacterial composition and diversity, aiming to correlate rumen bacterial populations with feed and rumen efficiency parameters. Methods In total, 90 Brahman steers (341 ± 45 kg BW) were selected for this trial, but rumen fluid was collected from 85 Brahman steers, at 0 and 4 h after feeding, during a feed-efficiency trial. The steers were fed with a low-protein diet, including 70% rumen-degradable protein and 8.8% crude protein (CP) for 60 days, followed by a high-protein diet for the same period (13.5% CP). Liveweight and dry-matter intake measurements, as well as urine, faeces and rumen fluid samples, were collected to determine feed and rumen efficiency, and ruminal bacteria composition. Steers were clustered into groups using principal component analysis and Ward’s hierarchical method, and differences in feed-efficiency parameters among clusters were compared. Key results Rumen bacterial composition differed between diets (P < 0.01) and diversity changes were more related to bacterial richness (P < 0.01). In a low-protein diet, there were four distinct clusters of steers, on the basis of rumen bacteria, in which the most efficient steers, with a better residual feed intake (P = 0.06) and lower rumen ammonia concentration (P < 0.01) before feeding, had the highest relative abundance of Prevotella (P < 0.01). While in a high-protein diet, no differences were observed on feed or rumen fermentation parameters among steer clusters. Conclusion In a low-protein diet, rumen bacterial shifting might contribute to upregulate nitrogen recycling, favouring feed efficiency. Implications Identifying ruminal bacterial populations involved in nitrogen recycling upregulation might be useful to select the most efficient cattle fed low-protein diets.
Regularization graphs—a unified framework for variational regularization of inverse problems
Authors: Bredies Kristian , Carioni Marcello , Holler Martin 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
We introduce and study a mathematical framework for a broad class of regularization functionals for ill-posed inverse problems: regularization graphs. Regularization graphs allow to construct functionals using as building blocks linear operators and convex functionals, assembled by means of operators that can be seen as generalizations of classical infimal convolution operators. This class of functionals exhaustively covers existing regularization approaches and it is flexible enough to craft new ones in a simple and constructive way. We provide well-posedness and convergence results with the proposed class of functionals in a general setting. Further, we consider a bilevel optimization approach to learn optimal weights for such regularization graphs from training data. We demonstrate that this approach is capable of optimizing the structure and the complexity of a regularization graph, allowing, for example, to automatically select a combination of regularizers that is optimal for given training data.
Anticancer efficacy of lupeol incorporated electrospun Polycaprolactone/gelatin nanocomposite nanofibrous mats
Authors: Ravichandran Siranjeevi , Radhakrishnan Jeyalakshmi 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Despite the anticancer effect of lupeol (Lup), low aqueous solubility can make its therapeutic usage difficult. However, polycaprolactone/Gelatin (PCL-GEL) nanofibers scaffold eliminates this problem. This study has been conducted to recognize PCL-GEL-Lup nanofibers effect on cancer cell lines. PCL-GEL solution was prepared at different ratios (8 wt% and 4 wt%) for achieving optimal nanofibers. PCL-GEL-Lup nanofibers were provided via electrospinning technique. The surface morphology of nanofibers was examined using FESEM. Functional groups were investigated by a Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy. Lupeol released from nanofibers was detected by a UV–Visible spectroscopy. The drug release profile confirmed the sustained release of about 80% achieved within 40 h. IC50 of lupeol against ACHN and HSC-3 cell lines are 52.57 and 66.10 μg ml−1 respectively. The study results from aid an understanding of the fabrication of a scaffold with an optimum dose of bioactive lupeol in 6 wt% with bead free uniform diameter that is capable of binding the drug efficiently. The enhanced cytotoxicity activity by effective diffusion and elution to the target achieved in this study help to develop a nanofiber in the ongoing battle against cancer.
Process improvement of high aspect ratio nano-gratings based on synchrotron x-ray
Authors: Fan Ruoxin , Wang Baozhi , Li Yigui , Lai Liyan 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
To achieve better structural accuracy and aspect ratio, nano-gratings with a vertical angle close to 90° and a depth-to-width ratio of about 8 were prepared by synchrotron radiation. The optimal exposure dose and development time were determined to be 0.006 (A·h) and 6 min, respectively, by observing the surface loss and roughness of the gratings with slit widths of 150 nm and 250 nm under different conditions. To obtain the desired rectangular grating structure, the experimental conditions were optimized with the help of controlled variables experimental method. With the mask-to-photoresist pitch and the development and drying temperatures of 20 μm and 23 °C, the optimized depth-to-width ratio of the nano-gratings with a slit width of 250 nm can reach 8.28. The cone angle can reach 88.4°. The aspect ratio of the nano-gratings with a slit width of 150 nm is 7.18, and its cone angle is 87.1°.
Study of underdamped oscillations of a spring-mass system via directly measured acceleration time series
Authors: Mananghaya Michael Rivera , Yu Dennis 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
A low-cost simple one-dimensional spring-mass system was constructed to investigate damped oscillations. The suspended mass in the system can move freely inside a cylinder containing a fluid. It provides an in-depth experience for demonstrating various concepts under oscillations. It can be used to probe the magnitude of damping forces in liquids such as water by analysing the oscillation of an immersed mass. Such low-cost apparatus can provide a powerful platform for instructions and a rich pedagogic experience. The manuscript presents an excellent idea that can be used as a simple laboratory exercise to explain damping in undergraduate courses on vibration.
‘Big data’ in physics education: discovering the stick-slip effect through a high sample rate
Authors: Benz Gregor , Buhlinger Carsten , Ludwig Tobias 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
With the availability of educational digital data acquisition systems, it has also become possible in physics education to generate ‘big’ data sets by (a) measuring multiple variables simultaneously, (b) increasing the sample rate, (c) extending the measurement duration, or (d) choosing a combination among these three options. In the context of this paper, we will use a simple acceleration experiment to show that a higher sample rate, resulting in a larger data set, quantitatively reveals the stick-slip effect. For this purpose, two variables are measured simultaneously, first with a low and then with a high sample rate. The purpose of this paper is to illustrate that dealing with ‘big’ data sets can add value to experimentation in physics labs by dealing with data sets that more accurately describe observations.
Precise measurements in mechanics using a moving light source and a smartphone
Authors: Goev Gosho , Velinov Tzvetan 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we propose a simple yet generic and versatile method to measure the position of a moving body as a function of time. Apart from very basic equipment such as carts and wheels, only a laser pointer or a similar device and a smartphone are necessary. By attaching a source of light to a cart and video filming its movement on a horizontal plane under the gravitational force, the position of the cart as a function of time can be recorded without any calibration and using one of the many free apps. The obtained results for the cart acceleration under a constant force were in very good agreement with Newton’s second law. The inexpensive equipment and the possibility of taking data at very short intervals allow different experiments in mechanics to be performed, for example to demonstrate the conservation of energy and momentum in mechanics or to investigate complex movements.
Investigation of resistive switching in lead-free bismuth–silver halide double perovskite
Authors: Wang Xiaoyu , Ali Nasir , Bi Gang , Wu Huizhen 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In this work, lead-free double perovskite Cs2BiAgBr6 film is fabricated and employed into resistive switching (RS) memory device with a metal/insulator/metal structure. The RS performances of the prepared device are examined both experimentally and theoretically. High-quality Cs2BiAgBr6 film is fabricated via a post-vacuum treatment and characterized systematically. In the prepared memory device, bipolar RS is observed with a high ON/OFF ratio, and the retention and endurance performances are measured. First-principles calculations based on the density functional theory reveal that the bromide vacancies (VBr) in Cs2BiAgBr6 render it metallic characteristics. Therefore, we propose that the migration of VBr under electrical fields formed and ruptured the conductive filament, leading to the RS behaviors of memory device.
The effective field theory of large-scale structure and multi-tracer
Authors: Mergulhão Thiago , Rubira Henrique , Voivodic Rodrigo , Abramo L. Raul 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
We study the performance of the perturbative bias expansion when combined with the multi-tracer technique, and their impact on the extraction of cosmological parameters. We consider two populations of tracers of large-scale structure and perform a series of Markov chain Monte Carlo analysis for those two tracers separately. The constraints in ω
cdm and h using multi-tracer are less biased and approximately 60% better than those obtained for a single tracer. The multi-tracer approach also provides stronger constraints on the bias expansion parameters, breaking degeneracies between them and with their error being typically half of the single-tracer case. Finally, we studied the impacts caused in parameter extraction when including a correlation between the stochastic field of distinct tracers. We also include a study with galaxies showing that multi-tracer still lead to substantial gains in the cosmological parameters.
Research on the phase space of three- and four-body final states processes *
Authors: Yu Kang , Li De-Min , Wu Jia-Jun 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Analytical formulae for the phase space factors and three-momenta of three- and four-body final states are derived for all sets of independent kinematic variables containing invariant mass variables. These formulae will help experimental physicists to perform data analysis. As an example, we show how to use these formulae to distinguish the different mechanisms of the

process when searching the signals of

states in the energy region of the Electron–Ion collider at China (EicC).
Investigation of hard x-ray emissions from terawatt laser-irradiated foils at the Matter in Extreme Conditions instrument of the Linac Coherent Light Source
Authors: Fletcher L.B. , Curry C.B. , Gauthier M. , Glenn G.D. , Chen Z. , Cunningham E. , Descamps A. , Frost M. , Galtier E.C. , Heimann P. , Kim J.B. , Mo M. , Ofori-Okai B.K. , Peebles J. , Seiboth F. , Treffert F. , Dyer G.M. , McBride E.E. , Glenzer S.H. 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In this technical report, we investigate the hard x-ray background produced at the Matter in Extreme Conditions (MEC) instrument of the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) from the interaction of a high-intensity (∼1019 W/cm2) femtosecond laser with solid μm-thick aluminum and polypropylene targets. This background is dominated by bremsstrahlung from laser-generated relativistic electrons, and a measurement of the broadband x-ray spectrum via differential x-ray energy filtering was used to infer the existence of two electron distributions with electron temperatures of Thot = 500 ± 300 keV and Tcold = 5.0 ± 0.5 keV. Simultaneous single-shot measurements of the proton energies accelerated from laser-irradiated solid targets could be correlated with these measurements to further constrain the on-target laser parameters. Measurements of the hard x-ray photon background generated from laser-irradiated foils can be used to directly monitor and test the signal-to-background limits of silicon-based hybrid pixel array x-ray detectors at laser intensities approaching 1019 W/cm2.
Real-Time Data Infrastructure for Sea Ice Monitoring in Key Arctic Waters
Authors: Lin Bo 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In the theis, the progress of the National Marine Prediction Center in participating in Arctic expeditions and undertaking Arctic expedition forecasting tasks, as well as building an independent real-time data infrastructure for sea ice monitoring in critical Arctic waters are introduced; The creation process, working principles, technical methods, data significance, application directions and service benefits (effects) of the three basic monitoring (observation and detection) information systems in the Arctic sea ice monitoring real-time data collection network—automatic ocean sounding information system, automatic meteorological sounding information system and sea ice long-term observation information system are highlighted; In addition, this paper also gives a general outlook on the future Arctic business and work on the basis of China’s Arctic policy and the national marine forecasting station’s response and commitment.
A Brief Introduction to the Research on Carbon Neutrality in Power System
Authors: Wu Chen , Chen Chen , Tan Jian , Gao Lang , Chen Yun , Fan Chengliang 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In 2021, the carbon neutral target was officially included in the Chinese government work report, and the term carbon neutral has also begun to enter the public’s field of vision. This article summarizes the research on carbon neutrality. Firstly, the article introduces the basic concept of carbon neutrality. After that, the article described the impact of carbon neutrality on the energy and power industries. Finally, from the perspective of the power system, this article introduces some solutions to achieve the goal of carbon neutrality in the new power system. This research provides some references for exploring the realization path of carbon neutrality.
Large-scale hydraulic optimization of high-efficiency clarifiers in water plants
Authors: Zhang Shuo , Wang Ruhua , Xu Jiajiong , Wang Yan 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
In order to reveal the hydraulic reasons for the uneven distribution of water flow and velocity in the high-efficiency clarification tank, and the hydraulic reasons for the deposition of sediment on one side, CFD was used to simulate the overall tank. The three-dimensional simulation results showed that without any baffle, the velocity was extremely uneven, and the rotation of the stirring blade around the axis produced a velocity loop, which resulted in a large backflow of the velocity. There were obvious differences in flocs and water flow through the two holes. After adding the existing baffles, the water flow and floc concentration could be much more uniform, but there was still sludge sediment on one side. After further lengthening the existing baffles outside the cylinder and adding 45° baffles in the transition section of the coagulation tank and the sedimentation tank, the inconsistency of flow velocity and floc concentration could be basically solved.
Economic evaluation and optimization model of pumped storage project under the background of new power system construction
Authors: Chen Tianqiong , Ji Kailin , Xin Cheng 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Pumped storage is the main regulating power supply of power system. It is more urgent to build a new power system with new energy as the main body. In order to accelerate the development of pumped storage projects, it is urgent to improve the economic evaluation method of pumped storage projects under the background of new power system construction. Firstly, the value of pumped storage in ensuring the safety and reliability of the new power system, improving the utilization level of renewable energy, and improving the performance of power generation, distribution and consumption of the new power system is analyzed. Then, the economic evaluation model of pumped storage project is optimized, and an index system covering value contribution to the new power system, financial profitability and anti risk ability is constructed. Finally, through the comparative analysis of pumped storage and coal-fired power generation projects, the scientificity and rationality of the model are verified.
The Environmental Impact of Plastic Grocery Bags and Their Alternatives
Authors: Li Bowen , Liu Jinxi , Yu Boxin , Zheng Xiaoyu 
Published: April 2022

Abstract
Plastic grocery bags can casue a variety of environmental problems. Plastic bags pollute the air through their life cycle, from raw material extraction and manufacturing process to the disposal. The raw materials to produce plastic bags are mainly crude oil and natural gas, and the extraction process of those raw materials can cause the emission of a considerable amount of air pollutants to the atmosphere. In addition, plastic bags can also cause water pollution and soil pollution. Countries around the world have issued bans and tax measures to reduce the use of plastic grocery bags. At the same time, a variety of alternative options have been created and promoted to replace the use of plastic bags, including paper bags, jute bags, and other biodegradable bags. Each alternative has its advantages and disadvantages. After analysis of the environmental impacts and the practicability of plastic bags and their alternatives, we evaluated the feasibility of the utilization of alternative grocery bags under difference occasions as well as corresponding policy measures. Finally, we proposed several suggestions to mitigate the problem of plastic bag pollution, including developing new degradable bag technologies and reusing grocery bags.