bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bis‐Boronic Acid Liposomes for Carbohydrate Recognition and Cellular Delivery
Authors: Qualls Megan L. , Hagewood Hannah , Lou Jinchao , Mattern‐Schain Samuel I. , Zhang Xiaoyu , Mountain Deidra J. , Best Michael D. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractLiposomes are effective therapeutic nanocarriers due to their ability to encapsulate and enhance the pharmacokinetic properties of a wide range of drugs and diagnostic agents. A primary area in which improvement is needed for liposomal drug delivery is to maximize the delivery of these nanocarriers to cells. Cell membrane glycans provide exciting targets for liposomal delivery since they are often densely clustered on cell membranes and glycan overabundance and aberrant glycosylation patterns are a common feature of diseased cells. Herein, we report a liposome platform incorporating bis‐boronic acid lipids (BBALs) to increase valency in order to achieve selective saccharide sensing and enhance cell surface recognition based on carbohydrate binding interactions. In order to vary properties, multiple BBALs (1 a–d) with variable linkers in between the binding units were designed and synthesized. Fluorescence‐based microplate screening of carbohydrate binding showed that these compounds exhibit varying binding properties depending on their structures. Additionally, fluorescence microscopy experiments indicated enhancements in cellular association when BBALs were incorporated within liposomes. These results demonstrate that multivalent BBALs serve as an exciting glycan binding liposome system for targeted delivery.
Optimization of Ionogel Polymer Electrolytes Composition for Their Best Performance in Electric Double Layer Capacitor
Authors: Gajewski Piotr , Lewandowska Aneta , Szcześniak Katarzyna , Voelkel Adam , Marcinkowska Agnieszka 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe application of a gel polymer electrolyte (GPE) in electrochemical devices such as batteries, electrochemical double layer capacitors (EDLCs), and others is a known topic in the literature. However, GPE with improved ionic conductivity and better mechanical properties are highly desired. In this work, ionogel polymer electrolytes (IGPEs) were synthesized by photopolymerization of a mixture of monomers: aliphatic urethane diacrylate, 1,3,5‐triallyl‐1,3,5‐triazine‐2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)‐trione, trimethylolpropane triacrylate, pentaerythritol tetrakis(3‐mercaptopropionate) in 1‐ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (EMImNTf2). The influence of the monomer ratio on the ionic conductivity and mechanical properties of IGPEs was studied. A mathematical model was used to optimize the composition to obtain ionogel with the best compromise between investigated properties. The optimal composition was synthesized and used in EDLC, characterized by higher volumetric capacity, power, and energy density. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first publication that demonstrates the application of optimization methods for the preparation of IGPEs.
Fire Resistance of Cold‐Formed Stainless Steel Beam‐Columns
Authors: Arrais Flávio , Lopes Nuno , Real Paulo Vila 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThis work presents a numerical parametric study on the resistance of cold‐formed stainless steel beam‐columns with lipped channel and sigma cross‐sections at elevated temperatures, considering different stainless steel grades, cross‐sections and members slenderness and bending moment diagrams. The beam‐columns fire resistance is obtained by geometrically and materially nonlinear analyses including imperfections, using the Finite Element software SAFIR, and compared with the ultimate load bearing capacity obtained through EN 1993‐1‐2:2005. It is concluded that the current calculation rules are not well adjusted, existing thus the need to develop more precise prescriptions.
Enabling Aromatic Hydroxylation in a Cytochrome P450 Monooxygenase Enzyme through Protein Engineering
Authors: Coleman Tom , Lee Joel Z. H. , Kirk Alicia M. , Doherty Daniel Z. , Podgorski Matthew N. , Pinidiya Dilshi K. , Bruning John B. , De Voss James J. , Krenske Elizabeth H. , Bell Stephen G. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe cytochrome P450 (CYP) family of heme monooxygenases catalyse the selective oxidation of C−H bonds under ambient conditions. The CYP199A4 enzyme from Rhodopseudomonas palustris catalyses aliphatic oxidation of 4‐cyclohexylbenzoic acid but not the aromatic oxidation of 4‐phenylbenzoic acid, due to the distinct mechanisms of aliphatic and aromatic oxidation. The aromatic substrates 4‐benzyl‐, 4‐phenoxy‐ and 4‐benzoyl‐benzoic acid and methoxy‐substituted phenylbenzoic acids were assessed to see if they could achieve an orientation more amenable to aromatic oxidation. CYP199A4 could catalyse the efficient benzylic oxidation of 4‐benzylbenzoic acid. The methoxy‐substituted phenylbenzoic acids were oxidatively demethylated with low activity. However, no aromatic oxidation was observed with any of these substrates. Crystal structures of CYP199A4 with 4‐(3′‐methoxyphenyl)benzoic acid demonstrated that the substrate binding mode was like that of 4‐phenylbenzoic acid. 4‐Phenoxy‐ and 4‐benzoyl‐benzoic acid bound with the ether or ketone oxygen atom hydrogen‐bonded to the heme aqua ligand. We also investigated whether the substitution of phenylalanine residues in the active site could permit aromatic hydroxylation. Mutagenesis of the F298 residue to a valine did not significantly alter the substrate binding position or enable the aromatic oxidation of 4‐phenylbenzoic acid; however the F182L mutant was able to catalyse 4‐phenylbenzoic acid oxidation generating 2′‐hydroxy‐, 3′‐hydroxy‐ and 4′‐hydroxy metabolites in a 83 : 9 : 8 ratio, respectively. Molecular dynamics simulations, in which the distance and angle of attack were considered, demonstrated that in the F182L variant, in contrast to the wild‐type enzyme, the phenyl ring of 4‐phenylbenzoic acid attained a productive geometry for aromatic oxidation to occur.
Hydrostannylation of Red Phosphorus: A Convenient Route to Monophosphines
Authors: Cammarata Jose , Scott Daniel J. , Wolf Robert 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe preparation of valuable and industrially relevant organophosphorus compounds currently depends on indirect multistep procedures involving difficult‐to‐handle white phosphorus as a common P atom source. Herein, we report a practical and versatile method for the synthesis of a variety of monophosphorus compounds directly from the bench‐stable allotrope red phosphorus (Pred). The relatively inert Pred was productively functionalised by using the cheap and readily available radical reagent tri‐n‐butyltin hydride, and subsequent treatment with electrophiles yields useful P1 compounds. Remarkably, these transformations require only modest inert‐atmosphere techniques and use only reagents that are inexpensive and commercially available, making this a convenient and practical methodology accessible in most laboratory settings.
Nanofibrous Membranes in Multilayer Fabrics to Avoid PCM Leakages
Authors: Yang Kai , Zhang Xiuling , Wiener Jakub , Venkataraman Mohanapriya , Wang Yuanfeng , Zhu Guocheng , Yao Juming , Militky Jiri 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIncorporating phase change materials (PCMs) into textiles is one facial method to realize personal thermal management (PTM). Despite the significant progress of PCM‐incorporated textiles, the incorporation of PCMs into textiles remains an outstanding challenge. In this work, we described a sandwich‐like multi‐layer PCM fabric, which consisted of nanofibrous membranes as barrier layers and PCM‐loaded viscose fabric as a PCM‐loaded layer. Three common organic PCMs including polyethylene glycol (PEG), paraffin wax (PW) and myristic acid (MA), and the polyurethane (PU) nanofibrous membranes was used. As a result, we achieved that weak interfacial adhesion between melting PCMs and PU nanofibrous membranes accounted for leakage phenomena. Only the sample (UPWV) with PU nanofibrous membranes as barrier layers and paraffin wax (PW) as PCMs had no leakage. Little confinement of PW crystallization in the UPWV was found. Besides, thermal energy storage, phase transition, and thermal buffering effect of UPWV supported various applications.
A high‐speed unsupervised hardware architecture for rapid diagnosis of COVID‐19
Authors: Ratnakumar Rahul , Nanda Satyasai Jagannath 
Published: August 2022

SummaryIn the diagnosis of COVID‐19, investigation, analysis, and automatic counting of blood cell clusters are the most essential steps. Currently employed methods for cell segmentation, identification, and counting are time‐consuming and sometimes performed manually from sampled blood smears, which is hard and needs the support of an expert laboratory technician. The conventional method for the blood‐count‐test is by automatic hematology analyzer which is quite expensive and slow. Moreover, most of the unsupervised learning techniques currently available presume the medical practitioner to have a prior knowledge regarding the number and action of possible segments within the image before applying recognition. This assumption fails most often as the severity of the disease gets increased like the advanced stages of COVID‐19, lung cancer etc. In this manuscript, a simplified automatic histopathological image analysis technique and its hardware architecture suited for blind segmentation, cell counting, and retrieving the cell parameters like radii, area, and perimeter has been identified not only to speed up but also to ease the process of diagnosis as well as prognosis of COVID‐19. This is achieved by combining three algorithms: the K‐means algorithm, a novel statistical analysis technique‐HIST (histogram separation technique), and an islanding method an improved version of CCA algorithm/blob detection technique. The proposed method is applied to 15 chronic respiratory disease cases of COVID‐19 taken from high profile hospital databases. The output in terms of quantitative parameters like PSNR, SSIM, and qualitative analysis clearly reveals the usefulness of this technique in quick cytological evaluation. The proposed high‐speed and low‐cost architecture gives promising results in terms of performance of 190 MHz clock frequency, which is two times faster than its software implementation.
Steric Push towards the [n+3] Hydrated Imidazoline Ring Expansion (HIRE) of Dibenzo[1.4]oxazepines and Thiazepines
Authors: Lavit Ksenia , Sapegin Alexander , Linnik Stanislav , Ryazantsev Mikhail , Krasavin Mikhail 
Published: August 2022

AbstractThe influence of introducing substituents of increasing bulk in α position of tetracyclic imidazoline‐fused heteroazepinones on the course of hydrated imidazoline ring expansion (HIRE) reaction was established. Under certain conditions, substituted β‐aminoethanols can be used to obtain solely the ring expanded products from dibenzo[b,f][1,4]ox(thi)azepin‐11(10H)‐ones while with their unsubstituted counterparts, side chain expulsion was the only observable outcome.
A facile frequency tuning strategy to realize vibration‐based hybridized piezoelectric‐triboelectric nanogenerators
Authors: Liu Long , Shi Qiongfeng , Guo Xinge , Zhang Zixuan , Lee Chengkuo 
Published: August 2022

AbstractWith increasing requirements of the Internet of things (IoT) functioning with wireless sensor networks (WSN), a self‐sustainable power supply has become an important pursuit in long‐term working. The cantilever‐based energy harvester is one of the most widely used devices for converting vibrations into electrical energy, while still challenged by restricted frequency bands toward practical applications. Here, a novel, feasible and cost‐effective strategy for tuning the cantilever's resonant frequency is proposed. By applying 3D printed thin sheets as extensions, the original single vibration mode is promoted into two relatively independent vibration modes tuned with extensions' type, length, thickness, and proof masses. Hybridized piezoelectric‐triboelectric nanogenerators are introduced to improve capacitor charging ability and potential vibration detection. Furthermore, a four‐cantilever coupling design with different tuning parameters is investigated and enables wireless demonstrations of monitoring environmental temperature/humidity and carbon dioxide concentration, which is prospective as self‐sustainable protection for workers in tunnels or underground constructions.image
A novel framework for seismic risk assessment of structures
Authors: Giannini Renato , Paolacci Fabrizio , Phan Hoang Nam , Corritore Daniele , Quinci Gianluca 
Published: August 2022

AbstractSeismic risk assessment of new and existing structures has a long history, which is based on the development of specific methods for seismic hazard and vulnerability analyses. Performance‐based earthquake engineering is the natural evolution and integration of all these aspects that is nowadays implemented in several precodes. However, some critical aspects are not yet completely clarified. As a matter of fact, the vulnerability analysis suffers the so‐called record‐to‐record variability, which is usually controlled through different parameters used as seismic intensity measures (IMs), whose significance is still under discussion. Moreover, this variability represents an additional source of uncertainty, which is added to the dispersion derived from the ground motion prediction equation (GMPE), leading to an overconservatism. For these reasons, the present paper aims to propose a novel framework for the seismic risk assessment of structures, which is found on the idea to control the response variability in evaluating seismic hazard curves without taking into account the randomness (ε) of the GMPE, which instead is transferred to fragility curves. These latter are built by using groups of accelerograms, whose median and 84% fractile spectra fit well, for different return periods, the uniform hazard spectra for ε= 0 and 1, respectively. For this purpose, a new search algorithm for selecting natural records is formulated. The proposed method offers considerable advantages as it is no longer necessary to refer to a specific IM, and allows to select pairs of spectrum‐compatible natural records, which is enable to solve the problem of the seismic assessment of three‐dimensional structures. The procedure is then applied to assess seismic risk of a typical reinforced concrete frame, whose results demonstrate the robustness of the method and the practical independence from the record set used.
Rethinking intrapreneurship in the established MNE
Authors: Verbeke Alain , Yuan Wenlong 
Published: August 2022

AbstractResearch SummaryWe show significant variation in the ways mainstream international business strategy (IBS) theories have addressed the discovery and pursuit of entrepreneurial opportunities in the established multinational enterprise (MNE). We adopt an extended “individual—opportunity nexus” perspective and suggest a fourfold repositioning of IBS research on MNE intrapreneurship. First, by acknowledging opportunities in activity types not historically considered as the subject of intrapreneurship, such as imposed resource reconfigurations as well as acquisitions and divestitures. Second, by paying more attention to how bundles of opportunities emerge over time, and to their sequence. Third, by recognizing more systematically different opportunity types, ranging from incremental to radical. Fourth, by analyzing more thoroughly the origins of opportunities, including those that arise from MNE weaknesses.Managerial SummaryInternational business strategy (IBS) theories can help managers in multinational enterprises (MNEs) to better understand the unfolding of intrapreneurship. First, business decisions typically considered as merely cost‐driven, including resource reconfigurations, acquisitions, and divestitures, can involve major intrapreneurial opportunities. Second, opportunities do not just appear randomly and in isolation: it is typically bundles of opportunities that emerge over time and in a particular sequence, and these bundles are closely intertwined with the MNE's own strategy that may unearth these opportunities. Third, MNE executives need to recognize more systematically different opportunity types, ranging from incremental to radical because each will require different managerial practices. Fourth, it is not only an MNE's strengths but also its weaknesses that can drive intrapreneurial action.
Exploring pre‐hospital healthcare workers' readiness for chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear threats in the State of Qatar: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Farhat Hassan , Alinier Guillaume , Gangaram Padarath , El Aifa Kawther , Khenissi Mohamed Chaker , Bounouh Sonia , Khadhraoui Moncef , Gargouri Imed , Laughton James 
Published: August 2022

AbstractBackgroundHazardous Material—Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear (HazMat‐CBRN) incidents, though infrequent, are environmentally precarious and perilous to living beings. They can be deliberate or accidental or follow the re‐emergence of highly contagious diseases. Successful management of such incidents in pre‐hospital settings requires having well‐trained and prepared healthcare workers.AimsThis study aimed to explore the reliability and validity of a satisfaction survey, answered by Specialized Emergency Management (SEM) personnel from a national Middle Eastern ambulance service, with a “Hazardous Material Incident Management” course offered to them as a continuing professional development activity and seek their opinion regarding Hamad Medical Corporation Ambulance Service personnel needs for other HazMat‐CBRN related training topics.MethodIn the cross‐sectional study, we conducted an online satisfaction survey for this group of course participants to obtain their feedback as subject matter experts. Aiken's content validity coefficient (CVC) was calculated to assess the content validity. Cronbach'sαcoefficient was determined to explore the survey's reliability. IBM®‐SPSS® version 26 was utilized to explore the data.ResultsThe SEM satisfaction survey demonstrated important satisfaction with the implemented training with its robust reliability and content validity (Cronbach's α = 0.922 and CVC = 0.952). The participants also recommended additional related topics.ConclusionSustaining and reinforcing the HazMat‐CBRN Incident Management course was strongly recommended, considering the increase of HazMat‐CBRN threats worldwide.
Complete remission of brain metastases in renal cell carcinoma treated with axitinib after failure with nivolumab and ipilimumab treatment
Authors: Takayama Koichiro , Numakura Kazuyuki , Igarashi Ryoma , Habuchi Tomonori 
Published: August 2022

IntroductionComplete remission of cerebral metastasis is a rare consequence of tyrosine kinase inhibitor monotherapy in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma.Case presentationA 68‐year‐old woman, who presented with dyspnea, was diagnosed with left renal cell carcinoma with multiple brain and pleural metastases. Although nivolumab and ipilimumab combination treatment was initiated, it was discontinued because of an immune‐related adverse event. Two months after treatment cessation, brain metastases progressed regardless of shrinkage of primary renal tumor and pleural metastases. Therefore, axitinib was started as a second‐line treatment, which resulted in the complete disappearance of the brain metastases along with the stable disease of the other tumor lesions.ConclusionThis is the first report of complete remission of brain metastases in renal cell carcinoma treated by axitinib.
Detection of DLBCL by pixel purity index and iterative linearly constrained minimum variance into hyperspectral imaging analysis
Authors: Chen Hsian‐Min , Shih Yu‐Hsuan , Wang Hsin‐Che , Sun Yi‐Hsuan , Wang Ren Ching , Teng Chieh‐Lin Jerry 
Published: August 2022

AbstractIt is unclear whether a hyperspectral imaging‐based approach can facilitate the diagnosis of diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL), and further investigation is required. In this study, the pixel purity index (PPI) coupled with iterative linearly constrained minimum variance (ILCMV) was used to bridge this gap. We retrospectively reviewed 22 pathological DLBCL specimens. Ten normal lymph node specimens were used as controls. PPI endmember extraction was performed to identify seed‐training samples. ILCMV was then used to classify cell regions. The 3D receiver operating characteristic (ROC) showed that the spectral information divergence possessed superior ability to distinguish between normal and abnormal lymphoid cells owing to its stronger background suppression compared with the spectral angle mapper and mean square error methods. An automated cell hyperspectral image classification approach that combined the PPI and ILCMV was used to improve DLBCL diagnosis. This strategy intelligently resolved critical problems arising in unsupervised classification.
Obtaining human teeth for dental education: A cross‐sectional study to create ethical and transparent processes
Authors: Meza María S. , Michel Ingrid M. , Rivas Ronald A. , Benítez Gloria B. , Solaeche Sandra M. , Salas‐de la Cruz David , Moran Kimberlee S. 
Published: August 2022

AbstractObjectivesThis study explores the practices of obtaining human teeth for teaching and research in Paraguay. The goal of this research is to understand whether the data supports the need to improve ethical training within dental education, including the creation of a human tooth bank (HTB)MethodsAn observational cross‐sectional study was conducted. Three semi‐structured questionnaires were developed, one for each target population: dental students, dentists in practice, and the general population. The questionnaires were distributed between February and April 2021, using Google FormsResultsThe main places where human teeth were obtained by a student are dental clinics, followed by cemeteries. 94% of students and 91% of dentists paid for teeth on at least one occasion. There is a willingness on the part of students and dentists to donate collections of teeth, and among the general population to donate their teeth if they are extracted, for both teaching and research use. Note that, 31% of students and 6% of the population are aware of what an HTB is, at the same time only 16% of dentists know how it functionsConclusionThe number of respondents who obtain teeth from cemeteries and who pay for their acquisition is high. Both of these practices raise ethical concerns. The implementation of informed consent for the donation of extracted teeth is practically nil; although there is a positive attitude towards its implementation. Also, there is a lack of knowledge about the role of an HTB; although the population expressed a willingness to donate extracted teeth.