bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Machine learning techniques for the ab initio Bravais lattice determination
Authors: Silva‐Ramírez Esther‐Lydia , Cumbrera‐Conde Inmaculada , Cano‐Crespo Rafael , Cumbrera Francisco‐Luis 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMachine learning‐based algorithms have been widely applied recently in different areas due to its ability to solve problems in all fields. In this research, machine learning techniques classifying the Bravais lattices from a conventional X‐ray diffraction diagram have been applied. Indexing algorithms are an essential tool of the preliminary protocol for the structural determination problem in crystallography. The task of reverting the obtained information in reciprocal lattice to direct space is a complex issue. As an alternative way to afford this problem, different machine learning algorithms have been applied and a comparison between them has been conducted. The obtained accuracy was 95.9% using 10‐fold cross‐validation (while the best result obtained so far has been 84%). A model based on Bragg positions was our unique predictor, allowing us to obtain the set of the interplanar lattice distances. Our model was successfully checked with a complex example. In addition, our procedure incorporates the following advantages: robustness versus imprecision in data acquisition and reduction of the amount of necessary input data. This is the first time so far that such classification has been carried out in true ab initio condition.
Local migrant kin or floating grandmother? Reflections on mobility and informal childcare support strategies among Polish migrants in Ireland
Authors: Bojarczuk Sara 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis study investigates mobilization of social support for informal childcare among working Polish mothers in Dublin. The research incorporates 61 semi‐structured interviews and maps of ego‐centric networks built around the support and childcare organization. Embedded in a support network and transnational family configuration perspective, this study assesses how migrant mothers use the local and transnational connections to mobilize informal child‐minding strategies. The results show a great reliance on strong ties, especially partners whose support constitutes a backbone of the family being together. Beyond that, floating grandmothers have proven to be a significant provider of childcare from a transnational perspective. The heavy reliance on the local migrant kin and friends is crucial in providing ad hoc crisis support when transnational ties cannot be mobilized. This in turn demonstrates that distance matters, and while strong ties are not available, the local weak ties are more likely to be relied on.
The psychological consequences of living with coronary heart disease: Are patients' psychological needs served? A mixed‐method study in Germany
Authors: Peltzer Samia , Köstler Ursula , Müller Hendrik , Scholten Nadine , Schulz‐Nieswandt Frank , Jessen Frank , Albus Christian ,   The CoRe‐Net Study Group
Published: October 2022

AbstractIntroductionThis mixed‐method study explores psychological needs, access and barriers in coronary heart disease (CHD) patients with and without mental health issues (MHI) within the German healthcare system.MethodsThis study was conducted in three different healthcare settings: two hospitals, two rehabilitation clinics and three cardiology practices in Cologne, Germany. Patients were screened for angiographically documented CHD and other inclusion criteria. In total, 364 CHD patients took part in this study. It consisted of two parts: In the first part, participants filled in a newly developed questionnaire about their psychological needs, access and barriers within the healthcare system and their contact with their doctor in these matters. Then, patients were screened for MHIs with the help of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). When a score above seven was scored on the HADS, patients were additionally screened for specific MHIs using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM‐IV Axis I Disorders. In the second part, 20 participants were subsequently interviewed in a semi‐structured interview to generate more in‐depth findings.ResultsThe interviews show that CHD patients with and without MHI experienced a cardiac event as life‐changing and had an urgent need to talk about CHD with their doctor, mostly the general practitioner (GP). When the GP spoke to the patient shortly after the cardiac event, patients experienced relief and were better able to cope with their illness. Only 9.1% reported being aided in their search for psychotherapeutic treatment or drug treatment (4.1%).ConclusionThe needs of CHD patients with and without MHI were not adequately satisfied within our sample. Psychological measures are necessary for sufficient improvement, such as training of doctors in doctor–patient communication (e.g., better support in coping with MHI/CHD), improvements in the procedure (more time for conversations during doctor contacts), and improvement of structural requirements (referring patients faster to psychotherapists).Patient or Public ContributionWe received input from patients during pretests and used the feedback to tailor our questionnaire and the interview guidelines. Afterwards, we disseminated the main results for the patient and public involvement (e.g., public lectures, leaflets for self‐help groups, etc.).
Cost‐effective fabrication of α‐SiAlON ceramics with CeO2 addition for cutting tool applications
Authors: Zhang Jing , Sun Feng , Zhang Weiru , Jiang Changxi 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSiAlON ceramic tools exhibit unique performance superiority in the machining of nickel‐based heat‐resistant superalloys (HRSA). Production cost is a critical obstacle for the wide application of SiAlON inserts. In this work, the cost‐effective preparation of α‐SiAlON ceramics was implemented using aqueous slurry, and the effects of CeO2 content on the densification, phase composition, microstructure, mechanical properties, and toughening mechanism of the materials were investigated. The addition of CeO2 enhanced the anisotropic growth of α‐SiAlON grains, which enabled the ceramics to obtain higher flexural strength and fracture toughness. Although a decrease in Vickers hardness would occur when CeO2 content was 3 or 5 wt.%, ascribed to the amount increase of the intergranular phase in the samples. The α‐SiAlON ceramics doped with 1‐wt.% CeO2 achieved the extremely high density and mechanical properties with the relative density, flexural strength, Vickers hardness, and fracture toughness of 99.6% ± .1%, 931 ± 62 MPa, 19.7 ± .2 GPa, and 7.2 ± .2 MPa m1/2, respectively, which could be a candidate cutting tool material for use in the efficient machining of nickel‐based HRSA.
Management of iron‐deficiency anemia following acute gastrointestinal hemorrhage: A narrative analysis and review
Authors: Lanas Angel , Andrews Jane M , Lau James , Toruner Murat , Bromley Susan E , Gralnek Ian M 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMany patients experiencing acute gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) require iron supplementation to treat subsequent iron deficiency (ID) or iron‐deficiency anemia (IDA). Guidelines regarding management of these patients are lacking. We aimed to identify areas of unmet need in patients with ID/IDA following acute GIB in terms of patient management and physician guidance. We formed an international working group of gastroenterologists to conduct a narrative review based on PubMed and EMBASE database searches (from January 2000 to February 2021), integrated with observations from our own clinical experience. Published data on this subject are limited and disparate, and those relating to post‐discharge outcomes, such as persistent anemia and re‐hospitalization, are particularly lacking. Often, there is no post‐discharge follow‐up of these patients by a gastroenterologist. Acute GIB‐related ID/IDA, however, is a prevalent condition both at the time of hospital admission and at hospital discharge and is likely underdiagnosed and undertreated. Despite limited data, there appears to be notable variation in the prescribing of intravenous (IV)/oral iron regimens. There is also some evidence suggesting that, compared with oral iron, IV iron may restore iron levels faster following acute GIB, have a better tolerability profile, and be more beneficial in terms of quality of life. Gaps in patient care exist in the management of acute GIB‐related ID/IDA, yet further data from large population‐based studies are needed to confirm this. We advocate the formulation of evidence‐based guidance on the use of iron therapies in these patients, aiding a more standardized best‐practice approach to patient care.
The value of clinical symptoms, the neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio, and ultrasonographic features in predicting adnexal torsion: A case–control study
Authors: Aiob Ala , Lowenstein Lior , Borik Inna , Naskovica Karina , Mikhail Susana Mustafa , Odeh Marwan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAimAdnexal torsion remains a diagnostic challenge due to the nonspecific symptoms, sonographic features, and laboratory findings. The value of combining clinical, sonographic, and laboratory features is not well established, and controversy continues regarding their value in diagnosis. This study aimed to review sonographic, clinical, and laboratory features and to analyze their value separately and in combination, in managing and diagnosing adnexal torsions.MethodsThe study included 278 women who underwent urgent laparoscopic surgery due to suspected adnexal torsion, according to clinical suspicion, with or without sonographic concordance. Laparoscopy findings confirmed the definitive diagnosis of torsion. Clinical laboratory and sonographic features were compared between those with and without adnexal torsion.ResultsAdnexal torsion was confirmed in 110/278 (39.6%) women. In the torsion compared to nontorsion group, proportions were higher of women with acute abdominal pain in the preceding 24 h ([50] 45.5% vs. [35] 20.8%, p < 0.001), with vomiting ([45] 40.9% vs. [24] 14.3%, p < 0.001) and with suspected torsion by transvaginal sonography ([49] 44.5% vs. [23] 13.7%, p < 0.001). A high neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (>3) was identified in 65 (59.1%) of the study group and 60 (35.7%) of the control group (p < 0.001). Combining the latter three findings, the predicted probability of torsion was 58%–85%, depending on the combinations.ConclusionsA simple predictive model based on combinations of clinical, laboratory, and sonographic findings can contribute to preoperative diagnosis of adnexal torsion, with predicted probability of 85%. Our model may assist clinicians in evaluating women with suspected adnexal torsion, and improve preoperative diagnostic accuracy.
FBXO31 sensitizes cancer stem cells‐like cells to cisplatin by promoting ferroptosis and facilitating proteasomal degradation of GPX4 in cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Zhu Zhiwen , Zheng Yang , He Huijuan , Yang Liangfang , Yang Jiaqi , Li Mingyi , Dai Wei , Huang Haili 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackground & AimsCholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a malignant tumour originating from the biliary epithelium that easily infiltrates, metastasizes and recurs. The deficiency of FBXO31 facilitates the initiation and progression of several types of cancer. However, the involvement of FBXO31 in CCA progression has remained unclear.MethodsqRT‐PCR was used to detect the expression of FBXO31 in CCA. The biological functions of FBXO31 were confirmed in vivo and in vitro. Sphere formation and flow cytometry were used to identify the stem cell properties of CCA.ResultsFBXO31 is downregulated in CCA and that deficiency of FBXO31 is associated with the TNM stage of CCA. Functional studies showed FBXO31 inhibits cell growth, migration, invasion, cancer stem cell (CSC) properties and epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) in vitro and impedes tumour growth in vivo. In addition, overexpression of FBXO31 increases the cisplatin (CDDP) sensitivity of CCA cells. RNA‐sequencing analysis revealed that FBXO31 is involved in redox biology and metal ion metabolism in CCA cells during CDDP treatment. Further studies revealed that FBXO31 enhances ferroptosis induced by CDDP in CCA and CSC‐like cells. FBXO31 enhances ubiquitination of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), which leads to proteasomal degradation of GPX4. Moreover, overexpression of GPX4 compromises the promoting effects of FBXO31 on CDDP‐induced ferroptosis in CCA and CSC‐like cells.ConclusionsOur studies indicate that FBXO31 functions as a tumour suppressor in CCA and sensitizes CSC‐like cells to CDDP by promoting ferroptosis and facilitating the proteasomal degradation of GPX4.
ZmCCT10‐relayed photoperiod sensitivity regulates natural variation in the arithmetical formation of male germinal cells in maize
Authors: Li Bo , Wang Zi , Jiang Huan , Luo Jin‐Hong , Guo Ting , Tian Feng , Rossi Vincenzo , He Yan 
Published: October 2022

Summary
Extensive mutational screening studies have documented genes regulating anther and pollen development. Knowledge concerning how formation of male germinal cell is arithmetically controlled in natural populations, under different environmental conditions, is lacking.
We counted pollen number within a single anther and a maize–teosinte BC2S3 recombinant inbred line population to identify ZmCCT10 as a major determinant of pollen number variation.
ZmCCT10 was originally identified as a photoperiod‐sensitive negative regulator of flowering. ZmCCT10 inactivation, after transposon insertion within its promoter, is proposed to have accelerated maize spread toward higher latitudes, thus allowing temperate maize to flower under long‐day conditions. We showed that the active ZmCCT10 allele decreased pollen formation. As different active and inactive ZmCCT10 alleles have been found in natural maize populations, this represents the first report of a gene controlling pollen number in a crop natural population. These findings suggest that higher pollen number, which provides a competitive advantage in open‐pollinated populations, may have been one of the major driving forces for the selection of an inactive ZmCCT10 allele during tropical maize domestication.
We provide evidence that ZmCCT10 has opposite effects on cell proliferation of archesporial and tapetum cells and it modulates expression of key regulators during early anther development.
Research Status and Hotspots of Chronic Osteomyelitis: A Bibliometric and Visualized Analysis
Authors: Chen Jinlun , Wang Xingyu , Li Jin , Zhang Haitao , Li Yijin , Deng Peng , Feng Wenjun , Qi Xinyu , Ye Pengcheng , Li Jiahao , Zeng Jianchun , Zeng Yirong , Li Jie , Xie Shuihua 
Published: October 2022

ObjectiveThe treatment of chronic osteomyelitis (COM) is extremely challenging for physicians and patients. It is of great significance to explore the research status, development trend and future research hotspots in the field of COM to promote the development of this field. This study is aimed to explore the global research status of COM and predict its future research hotspots based on bibliometric and visualized analysis.MethodsWeb of Science core collection database was used to search the related literature of COM from 1994 to 2020. All data were imported into Microsoft Excel 2019 for collation. Additionally, the literature quality of countries, authors, journals, and institutions is evaluated. The VOS viewer software was used for conducting co‐analysis, co‐citation analysis, and keyword co‐occurrence analysis of literature to analyze the global status and predict the future hotspots of the COM field.ResultsA total of 726 articles were retrieved in this study. The number of global publications shows a trend of wave growth, but the increase is not significant. It is expected that the number of COM articles will remain at more than 50 per year in the next decade. The COM literature published in the United States (Publications = 160, H index = 37, average citations per item = 28.63) is of the highest quality. Girschick HJ (Publications = 16, H index = 14, average citations per item = 52.25) is the most contributed scholar in the field of COM. UNIV IOWA (Publications = 15, H index = 11, average citations per item = 57.27) and UNIV WURZBURG (Publications = 18, H index = 15, average citations per item = 47.5) are influential institutions in the field of COM. The results of co‐occurrence analysis show that the field of COM can be roughly divided into the following five modules: COM surgical research, COM basic research, COM diagnosis‐related research, chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis (CRMO)‐related research, risk factors of COM. Risk factors of COM are the module with the highest concentration of hot words.ConclusionCOM‐related research will continue to develop further in the next decade. The diagnosis research and risk factors of COM are the most popular research modules in recent years. Some controversial or troubled issues including the efficacy of perforator flap and fascia flap covering soft tissue, searching exclusive detection methods for the diagnosis of COM and bisphosphonates and biological agents in the treatment of CRMO may lead to the development of the COM field.
Modeling iatrogenic intraoperative hyperthermia from external warming in children: A pooled analysis from two prospective observational studies
Authors: Miller Clemens , Bräuer Anselm , Wieditz Johannes , Klose Katharina , Pancaro Carlo , Nemeth Marcus 
Published: October 2022

AbstractBackgroundMaintenance of normothermia is an important quality metric in pediatric anesthesia. While inadvertent hypothermia is effectively prevented by forced‐air warming, this therapeutic approach can lead to iatrogenic hyperthermia in young children.AimsTo estimate the influence of external warming by forced air on the development of intraoperative hyperthermia in anesthetized children aged 6 years or younger.MethodsWe pooled data from two previous clinical studies. Primary outcome was the course of core temperature over time analyzed by a quadratic regression model. Secondary outcomes were the incidence of hyperthermia (body core temperature >38°C), the probability of hyperthermia over the duration of warming in relation to age and surface‐area‐to‐weight ratio, respectively, analyzed by multiple logistic regression models. The influence of baseline temperature on hyperthermia was estimated using a Cox proportional hazards model.ResultsTwo hundred children (55 female) with a median age of 2.1 [1st–3rd quartile 1–4.2] years were analyzed. Mean temperature increased by 0.43°C after 1 h, 0.64°C after 2 h, and reached a peak of 0.66°C at 147 min. Overall, 33 children were hyperthermic at at least one measurement point. The odds ratios of hyperthermia were 1.14 (95%‐CI: 1.07–1.22) or 1.13 (95%‐CI: 1.06–1.21) for every 10 min of warming therapy in a model with age or surface‐area‐to weight ratio (ceteris paribus), respectively. Odds ratio was 1.33 (95%‐CI: 1.07–1.71) for a decrease of 1 year in age and 1.63 (95%‐CI: 0.93–2.83) for an increase of 0.01 in the surface‐to‐weight‐area ratio (ceteris paribus). An increase of 0.1°C in baseline temperature increased the hazard of becoming hyperthermic by a factor of 1.33 (95%‐CI: 1.23–1.43).ConclusionsIn children, external warming by forced‐air needs to be closely monitored and adjusted in a timely manner to avoid iatrogenic hyperthermia especially during long procedures, in young age, higher surface‐area‐to‐weight ratio, and higher baseline temperature.
Understanding phenomena: From social to collective?
Authors: Malfatti Federica I. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn making sense of the world, we typically cooperate, join forces, and draw on one another's competence and expertise. A group or community in which there is a well‐functioning division of cognitive‐epistemic labor can achieve levels of understanding that a single agent who relies exclusively on her own capacities would probably never achieve. However, is understanding also collective? I.e., is understanding something that can be possessed by a group or community rather than by individuals? In this paper, I develop an account of understanding phenomena according to which understanding a phenomenon requires reasonably endorsing an adequate and intelligible epistemic mediator that accounts for this phenomenon. I then show that understanding, conceived along these lines, can be attributed to collective entities. An important result of my arguments will be that a collective entity's understanding cannot (always) be reduced to the sum of the understandings of the individuals belonging to it. This is because a collective entity can sometimes be rightfully claimed to understand a phenomenon while none of its individual members understands it.
Meaning and beauty
Authors: Scripter Lucas 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWhat place do experiences of beauty have in a meaningful life? A marginal one, at best, it would seem, if one looks at the current literature in analytic philosophy. Treatments of beauty within so‐called “analytic existentialism” tend to suffer from four limitations: beauty is neglected, reduced to artistic production, saddled to theology, or taken as a mere application of a broader theoretical framework. These discussions fail to engage with the rich tradition of philosophical aesthetics. In this essay, I begin by responding to the contention that experiences of beauty cannot lend life meaning because they are passive. Drawing on work in philosophical aesthetics, I then argue that encounters with the beautiful count as genuinely meaning‐conferring because they have features commonly taken as marks of meaningfulness.
Performance Prediction of an Axial Piston Pump With Increasing Severity of Leakage Fault in Single and Multiple Cylinders
Authors: Gupta Rishabh , Miglani Ankur , Kankar Pavan Kumar 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
As axial piston pumps (APP) become increasingly compact to meet the size, weight, and performance demands (high pressure ratings), they are prone to wear, and hence the leakage between the sliding parts, which run under tight tolerances. This leakage fault can degrade the pump's performance and limit its predictability and reliability. In this study, a simulation and mathematical model-based approach are presented to simulate the effect of increasing severity of leakage fault (increasing annular gap) in both single, and multiple cylinders simultaneously, on the pump performance. The Leakage is modeled as laminar flow past the uniform annular gap between the piston and cylinder. With a single faulty cylinder, as the wear (annular gap) increases the time-mean outlet flow and pressure of the pump remain constant until a critical threshold, and then reduce rapidly, leading to deterioration in the pump's volumetric efficiency. With increase in faulty cylinders this critical threshold shifts to lower magnitudes, and in the limit of more than four faulty cylinders this threshold saturates to a constant magnitude. The dynamic signal's data show that the increasing severity of leakage and increasing number of faulty cylinders modulate both the time signature and the amplitude fluctuations of the outlet pressure waveform due to the reduced flow in the discharge cycle. Further, FFT analysis of these dynamic signals, and the time-mean value of pressure and flow rate leakage fault diagnosis is presented to classify the pump's condition as either healthy or moderately faulty or severely faulty.