bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of activity-based work environments on knowledge work performance – quasi-experimental study in governmental workplaces
Authors: Franssila Heljä , Kirjonen Aleksi 
Published: February 2022

Purpose
Work environment change from the traditional cell- and open-space offices to activity-based work (ABW) generates many concerns among workforce and management. The purpose of this study is to observe impacts of ABW change on several knowledge work performance drivers and outputs.

Design/methodology/approach
A quasi-experimental design was applied to distinguish the impact of ABW on several dimensions of knowledge work performance in three governmental organizations. The empirical measures that were observed in the study were: perceptions of physical environment, virtual environment and social environment, individual ways of working, well-being at work and self-assessed productivity.

Findings
Well-being at work or productivity will not collapse because of ABW change. Most of the facets of self-assessed productivity and all of the well-being facets did not change because of the adoption of ABW. ABW change had a positive impact on group work effectiveness but negative effect on perceptions of the facilities as conducive for efficient working. ABW change had an enhancing effect on the routine of protecting one’s concentration from software-induced interruptions and decreasing effect on using mobile technologies to work during idle times and using technology to avoid unnecessary traveling. ABW change made telework more acceptable.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study was one the first studies following real-world change to ABW with quasi-experimental design. The difference-in-differences approach made it possible to isolate the causal impact of ABW change on the knowledge work performance drivers and outputs from other simultaneous changes taking place in the studied workplaces.
Accuracy of 3D printed dental casts for protective dental splints during general anesthesia
Authors: Park Kyeong-Mee , Cheong Jieun , Kim Seoyul , Park Wonse , Kim Kee-Deog 
Published: February 2022

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to obtain the optimal three-dimensional (3D) printing condition through the accuracy evaluation of the protective dental splints (PDSs) produced using 3D printed dental casts under various conditions.

Design/methodology/approach
The dental casts of dentiform were made using the conventional method and three digital methods. The three 3D printers used one or two materials for each, and the density of the material was varied to find the appropriate printing condition. PDSs were fabricated by the same method using vacuum former on conventional dental casts, and 3D printed dental casts. PDSs were mounted on a dentiform, and the accuracy was measured according to the criteria.

Findings
All of the PDSs fabricated using the traditional method showed the highest accuracy, whereas the PDSs made using 3D printed casts showed accuracies that varied with the type of printer, material characteristics and printing density. Achieving the accuracy required for 3D printed dental casts to be used as protective dental devices made with a vacuum former requires appropriate materials and 3D printing density. The findings of this study can be used when making 3D printed models and individual PDSs through intraoral scanning for patients in whom it is difficult to take impressions using traditional methods.

Originality/value
When a digital device is applied to the fabrication of PDSs, it has the advantage of saving time and materials and preventing damage to teeth and periodontal tissue that may occur during the conventional method.
Initial wood trait variation overwhelms endophyte community effects for explaining decay trajectories
Authors: Lee Marissa , Powell Jeff R. , Oberle Brad , Unda Faride , Mansfield Shawn D. , Dalrymple Rhiannon , Rigg Jessica , Cornwell William K. , Zanne Amy E. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractMicrobial organisms, environmental conditions and their interactions govern many ecosystem processes. Recent studies have highlighted the importance of priority effects, that is, the identity of potential decomposers present early in community assembly, in determining resulting decay rates especially for wood. In diverse forests, available woody substrates differ chemically and structurally with implications for their role as both habitats and resources for microbes. Both wood traits and microbial communities at the start of the decay process affect subsequent decay rates, but the relative magnitude of effects is not known. In this work, we sought to ask a simple question: what are the relative effects of microbial communities and wood traits?We characterized fungal and oomycete endophytes with amplicon sequencing from stems of 22 woody species growing in woodlands near Richmond, NSW, Australia, and measured 11 traits to capture variation in the physical and chemical wood substrates. To evaluate the consequence of endophyte diversity and wood traits on the trajectory of decay, stem samples were sequentially harvested over 5 years to quantify the decay rate, its consistency and how it varies through time.We did not find evidence to support particular initial endophyte compositions leading to faster decay. Instead, initial wood attributes were much more powerful in explaining decay trajectories with smaller, less dense stems with high water, low N and low lignin concentrations decomposing consistently faster.These data show that initial wood traits have long‐lasting consequences on decay unlike natural variation in endophyte communities, supporting the idea that community member functions are highly redundant. Wood substrate‐driven environmental filtering, rather than endophyte‐driven priority effects, had a stronger effect on decay when real‐world levels of diversity in wood traits were considered.Read the freePlain Language Summaryfor this article on the Journal blog.
Institutional Investor Heterogeneity and Corporate Response to the Covid‐19 Pandemic
Authors: Ataullah Ali , Le Hang , Wood Geoffrey 
Published: February 2022

AbstractWe examine the role of institutional investors in determining firms’ decisions whether to reduce dividends and share buybacks during the Covid‐19 pandemic. Our simple model predicts that the probability of cuts in payouts is linked to the holdings and types of institutions. We link our model to the attention‐based theories of the firm. We posit that the highlyproximatenature of the pandemic may encourage greater risk aversion in organizations. Consequently, the presence of institutions that actively engage with managers results in a reduction in shareholders’ payouts during the pandemic to enable firms to deal with increased uncertainty, while institutions that seek short‐term value releases reduce the probability of cuts. We test our hypotheses using novel hand‐collected data on shareholders’ payout cuts in the UK during the Covid‐19 lockdown. We find that in firms with larger institutional holdings, shareholders’ payouts are more likely to be reduced as a response to the pandemic. However, institutional heterogeneity matters as institutions with a view to improve firms’ long‐term growth are more likely to affect corporate payout decisions. In contrast, institutions that focus on regular income (e.g. pension funds) seem to resist cuts even in the aftermath of a severe exogenous shock like the Covid‐19 pandemic.
The Information Content of Corporate Earnings: Evidence from the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
Authors: BINZ OLIVER , GRAHAM JOHN R. 
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACTWe examine whether the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 increased the information content of corporate earnings disclosures. Prior research questions whether the Act improved disclosure quality but generally relies on long‐window tests and yields mixed results. We focus on whether the Act increased earnings informativeness, improving upon prior designs by focusing on short earnings announcement windows and employing a difference‐in‐differences design to control for potential contemporaneous structural changes. We document an increase in earnings informativeness following the Act, which is larger for treatment firms (which withheld disclosure before the Act) than for control firms. The increase in informativeness is more pronounced for firms that are subject to stronger enforcement.
Evaluating the outcomes of liver‐first approach for liver metastases due to colorectal cancer: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Burasakarn Pipit , Thienhiran Anuparp , Hongjinda Sermsak , Fuengfoo Phusit 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPurposeSurgery is the mainstay treatment for colorectal cancer and offers a long‐term survival benefit for patients with liver metastases; however, the appropriate approach remains debatable. We aimed to systematically review and perform a meta‐analysis of liver‐first and classical (colon‐first) approaches.MethodsThe following electronic databases were searched for systematic literature: PubMed and the Cochrane Library. Studies that compared patients with liver metastases due to colorectal cancer and who underwent liver‐first and classical resections were selected. Primary outcomes were long‐term overall survival and disease‐free survival, and secondary outcomes were perioperative morbidity and mortality.ResultsOver 12 studies with 6344 patients were analysed; of the total patients, 1141 and 4552 underwent liver‐first resection and classical resection, respectively. The meta‐analysis showed no significant difference between the liver‐first resection group and classical resection group in terms of overall morbidity (risk ratio [RR] 1.26, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.91‐1.74) and 90‐day mortality (RR 1.26, 95% CI 0.52‐3.04, P = .23). The classical resection group showed favourable overall survival and disease‐free survival than the liver‐first resection group in the nonpropensity score‐matched studies (RR 1.19, 95% CI 1.09‐1.3) but showed comparable results in the propensity score‐matched studies (RR 1.07, 95% CI 0.97‐1.18).ConclusionsThe perioperative and long‐term outcomes of the liver‐first and classical approaches were comparable. Selection of the appropriate approach that will be used for a patient depends on the characteristics of the primary colorectal tumour and the occurrence of liver metastases.
The prognostic significance of tumor spread through air space in stage I lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Huang Liling , Tang Le , Dai Liyuan , Shi Yuankai 
Published: February 2022

AbstractAimThere are still patients of stage I lung adenocarcinoma (ADC) suffering from local or distant recurrence. Herein we conducted a meta‐analysis to investigate the prognostic value of tumor spread through air space (STAS), a new form of invasion pattern, in patients with pathologically confirmed stage I lung ADC.MethodsRelated literature was searched using PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases from the inception dates to September 4, 2021. Recurrence‐free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) were set as primary outcome endpoints. In addition, subgroup analyses on operation mode, edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer TNM staging, sample size, and research regions were also investigated.ResultsA total of 17 studies involving 9785 patients were included. The presence of STAS was detected in 31.2% of patients and was associated with poor RFS (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] = 1.93, p < 0.001) and OS (HR = 2.02, p < 0.001). In subgroup analysis on operation mode, the prognostic value of STAS was prominently shown in patients who underwent limited resection (RFS: HR = 3.58, p < 0.001; OS: HR = 3.37, p < 0.001), while for patients who underwent lobectomy, adverse impact of STAS on RFS was observed (HR = 1.60, p = 0.019), but no significant difference was observed on OS (HR = 1.56, p = 0.061). The results fluctuated in different regions while other factors did not alter the independent predictive value of STAS.ConclusionTumor STAS should be considered as an adverse prognostic indicator for patients with stage I lung ADC, especially for those under limited resection. More intensive medical care for those patients needs to be investigated in further studies.
Capital and labour distortion in China: a systematic literature review using HistCite
Authors: Liang Yidan 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis paper shows a systematic literature review using HistCiteTM in the context of factor market misallocation in China. Four key research streams are identified: government intervention; misallocation explanation; market distortion and regional factor distortion. Further, the paper identifies three emerging research streams: endogeneity; legislation relating to factors of production; and knowledge management. Factor markets misallocation has been a lasting problem since the market‐oriented reform implemented by the Chinese Government. The academic literature review mainly focuses on the misallocation under Chinese national situation.
Patients with central serous chorioretinopathy not only have pachychoroidal disorders but also altered retinal metabolic function
Authors: Tschuppert Scott , Valmaggia Christophe , Todorova Margarita G. 
Published: February 2022

AbstractPurposeThe aim of our study was to compare metabolic (oxygen saturation; %) and anatomical (diameter; μm) retinal vessel parameters of patients with central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) to those of controls.MethodsIn this prospective cross‐sectional cohort study, 72 eyes of patients with CSC were compared with 21 eyes of healthy controls. Of the 72 patients, 52 had chronic, nonactive CSC (subgroup nCSC) and 20 had active CSC (subgroup aCSC), according to activity on fluorescein angiography. Retinal vessel oximetry (RO) was performed using the Oxymap T1 oximeter. Oxygen saturation in all major peripapillary retinal arterioles (A‐SO2) and venules (V‐SO2) was measured, and their difference (A‐V SO2) was calculated. In addition, we evaluated the corresponding diameter in retinal arterioles (D‐A) and venules (D‐V). For statistical evaluation, ANOVA‐based linear mixed‐effects models were calculated (SPSS®; p < 0.05).ResultsCentral serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) patients had significantly higher A‐SO2 and V‐SO2 compared to that of controls (p = 0.031 and p = 0.018 respectively). Especially, the subgroup of aCSC patients showed significantly higher A‐SO2 and V‐SO2 values (p = 0.027 and p = 0.034, respectively). In addition, superotemporal and superonasal quadrant location showed significant interactions with A‐SO2 and V‐SO2 (p ≤ 0.03). Diameter in retinal arterioles (D‐A), an venules (D‐V) and A‐V SO2 findings showed no significant differences (p > 0.096).ConclusionThese data indicate that patients with CSC have altered metabolic function. The presence of disease activity showed the greatest influence on RO measurement, both compared to controls and to those with inactive chronic CSC disease.
Antonia's story: Bringing the past into the future
Authors: Barden Owen , Walden Steven J. , Bennett Davey , Bird Nicole , Cairns Stella , Currie Rhiannon , Evans Lynne , Jackson Stephen , Oldnall Emily , Oldnall Sarah , Price Dawn , Robinson Tricia , Tahir Amber , Taylor Samantha , Wright Christine , Wright Claire 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBackgroundThis paper reports on a participatory project on the history of learning disability. The paper makes contributions to discourses on using participatory research methods with people labelled with learning disabilities, on the nature of research impact in participatory research, and on the lived experience of learning disability today.MethodsWe used a two‐step methodology. The first step involved searching for and selecting archive material relating to the history of learning disability. The second step involved a series of participatory workshops. We worked collectively to systematically analyse the case history of Antonia Grandoni. Then we responded to it in a variety of creative ways. In doing so, we made connections between Antonia's life and our own.FindingsMany of Antonia's experiences seem very similar to what people labelled with learning disabilities often encounter today. These include discrimination, segregation and dehumanisation. Despite this, we very much enjoyed doing the research. As well as finding out about the history, some of us learned new skills, some of us grew in confidence, and we also made new friends.ConclusionsParticipatory methods are an effective way of making digital archive material more accessible to people labelled with learning disabilities. In this project, using participatory methods revealed a lot of parallels between how we think somebody experienced learning disability in the mid‐19th century, and how it is experienced today. They also resulted in significant impact on the people doing the research.
Debt‐relief programs and money left on the table: Evidence from Canada's response to COVID‐19
Authors: Allen Jason , Clark Robert , Li Shaoteng , Vincent Nicolas 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis paper analyzes the effectiveness of debt‐relief programs targeting short‐run household liquidity constraints implemented in Canada in response to the COVID‐19 pandemic. These programs allowed individuals to push off mortgage and credit card payments and cut in half interest rates on credit card debt. Using credit bureau data, we document that, despite potential savings above $4 billion, enrolment was limited: 24% for mortgages and 7% for credit cards. By exploiting the richness of our data set, we provide evidence that close to 80% of individuals were unaware of the credit card relief program while others faced important fixed non‐monetary costs preventing uptake.
From indirect to direct contacts on Facebook: A big‐data approach to the making of triadic network closure
Authors: Lee Hsuan‐Wei , Chang Ming‐Yi , Chou Wan‐Yu , Hwang Jing‐Shiang , Fu Yang‐Chih 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe rise of the Big Data paradigm has made it more feasible to track how personal networks evolve on social media, where auto‐generated contact records and fine‐grained temporal data sequences help capture how and when interpersonal ties and contacts change their roles. Using a sample of matched survey data and social media records, we investigated the mechanisms by which indirect contacts (“degree‐2 alters”) transform into direct contacts (“degree‐1 alters”) from a Facebook user's (ego's) point of view. To highlight the temporal sequences, we assigned different roles to the same alters depending on how each of them is connected with ego at different periods of time. Multilevel event history analyses pinpoint several online actions and network features of ego, degree‐1 alters, and degree‐2 alters, as the key factors that contribute to the transformation from indirect contacts into direct contacts.
Cultural Evolution of Precise and Agreed‐Upon Semantic Conventions in a Multiplayer Gaming App
Authors: Morin Olivier , Müller Thomas F. , Morisseau Tiffany , Winters James 
Published: February 2022

AbstractThe amount of information conveyed by linguistic conventions depends on their precision, yet the codes that humans and other animals use to communicate are quite ambiguous: they may map several vague meanings to the same symbol. How does semantic precision evolve, and what are the constraints that limit it? We address this question using a multiplayer gaming app, where individuals communicate with one another in a scaled‐up referential game. Here, the goal is for a sender to use black and white symbols to communicate colors. We expected that the players’ mappings between symbols and colors would grow more specific over time, through a selection process whereby precise mappings are preferentially copied. We found that players become increasingly more precise in their use of symbols over the course of their interactions. This trend did not, however, result from selective copying of precise mappings. We explore the implications of this result for the study of lexical ambiguity, Zipf's Law of Meaning, and disagreements over semantic conventions.
Effect of levetiracetam on the gene expression of placental transporters in a murine model
Authors: Blanco‐Castañeda Ricardo , Zapata‐Vázquez Yessica , Lazalde‐Ramos Blanca P. , Enríquez‐Mendiola Daniel , Lares‐Asseff Ismael , Galaviz‐Hernández Carlos , Martínez Gerardo , Sosa‐Macías Martha 
Published: February 2022

AbstractObjectiveLevetiracetam (LEV) is an antiseizure medication prescribed to women during childbearing age. The impact of LEV on placental transporters is poorly understood. This study aimed to assess the effect of LEV exposure on the messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of placental transporters for hormones and nutrients and to correlate their expression with the drug's serum concentration in pregnant mice.MethodsStudies were conducted on gestational days (GD) 13 and 18, following oral treatment with 100 mg/kg LEV or the vehicle every 24 h after weaning. Serum LEV measurements were performed by High‐performance liquid chromatography with a UV detector (HPLC‐UV). The weight, height, and width of the fetuses were also analyzed. In addition, the placental expression of transporters xCt, Lat1, Oatp4a1, Fr‐α, Rfc, and Snat4 was evaluated through semi‐quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). The Kruskal‐Wallis and the Mann‐Whitney U tests were used to determine the statistical significance (p < .05). The correlation between serum LEV concentration and placental gene expression was evaluated using the Spearman test.ResultsThe weight, height, and width were lower in the fetuses exposed to LEV compared with the control group (p < .05). The number of fetuses was lower in the LEV‐exposed group than in the control GD 13 group (p < .001). No significant differences were detected in the mRNA expression level at GD 13. At GD 18, the expression of Lat1, Oatp4a1, xCT, and Snat4 was higher in the group treated with LEV compared with the control group (p < .05), whereas the expression of Rfc was lower (p < .05). No correlation was identified between serum LEV concentrations and gene expression levels.SignificanceThe repression of the Rfc transcript by LEV at GD 18 suggests that the protein expression would be abolished contributing to the observed intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). Furthermore, the significant increase in mRNA of xCt, Snat4, Oatp4a1, and Lat1 might be a compensatory mechanism for fetal survival at GD 18.
Training with growing sets: A comparative study
Authors: Yeğin Melike Nur , Kurttekin Ömer , Bahşi Serkan Kaan , Amasyali Mehmet Fatih 
Published: February 2022

AbstractBeing similar to and inspired from the process of human education, curriculum learning methods ‐or CL methods‐sort the input examples from easy to difficult, then add them to the training set in that order. Considering the fact that CL research is most concerned with determining the direction (from easy to difficult vs. from difficult to easy) and the criteria of this sorting, vast and various studies have emerged in the literature addressing both types of sorting. However, this results in a contradiction that demands finding a common aspect of ordering in both directions. This study argues that this required common aspect lies in the gradual enlargement of training. In other words, it is claimed that the success of CL methods does not depend on which criteria or in which direction the ordering is made. Extensive experiments have been conducted on various datasets using different deep learning models in order to test this claim. It was observed that random ordering had achieved competitive results with CL methods. Moreover, random ordering proved to be faster than other CL methods as it eliminates the cost of sorting computation. Based on these results, using random ordered growing sets as a baseline in future CL studies is recommended. Moreover, the possibly to improve the optimization performance via training with growing sets in theoretical perspective is also explained.