bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Growth hormone inhibits adipogenic differentiation and induces browning in bovine subcutaneous adipocytes
Authors: Li Tingting , Bai Hui , Fang Haoyuan , Yang Liang , Yan Peishi 
Published: May 2022

Abstract

It is well established that growth hormone (GH) has the ability to stimulate lipolysis. The effects of GH on adipocyte differentiation and browning have not been clearly described. Therefore, the present study aimed to elucidate the role of GH in the differentiation and browning of bovine subcutaneous adipocytes as well as its underlying molecular mechanisms. In this study, we demonstrated that GH inhibited lipid accumulation and decreased the expression levels of adipogenic key genes (SCD1, SREBP1, PPARγ, and CEBPα) during adipocyte differentiation. Moreover, we observed that the inhibitory effect of GH on the early stage of adipocyte differentiation (0–2 days) was stronger than that on the later stage of adipocyte differentiation (2–8 days). We also found that GH promoted the expression levels of browning-related genes such as uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) in mature adipocytes. Concurrently, GH promoted mitochondrial biogenesis and increased the expression levels of mitochondrial biogenesis-related genes. In addition, GH promoted phosphorylation of signal transducers and activator of transcription 5 b (STAT5B) and contributed to translocation of STAT5B to nucleus. After blocking the expression of STAT5B protein, GH weakened the inhibition of adipogenic key genes and reduced the promotion of browning-related genes in bovine subcutaneous adipocytes. To sum up, our findings indicate that GH inhibits adipocyte differentiation and promotes adipocyte browning by regulating STAT5B in bovine subcutaneous adipocytes.
Screening and assessment for Post-acute COVID-19 syndrome (PACS), guidance by personal pilots and support with individual digital trainings within intersectoral care – A study protocol of a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Dahmen Alina , Keller Franziska M. , Derksen Christina , Rinn Robin , Becker Petra , Lippke Sonia 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Background: Because the clinical patterns and symptoms that persist after a COVID-19 infection are diverse, a diagnosis of post-acute COVID-19 syndrome (PACS) is difficult to implement. The current research project therefore aims to evaluate the feasibility and the practicability of a comprehensive, interdisciplinary, and cross-sectoral treatment program consisting of a low-threshold online screening and holistic assessment for PACS. Furthermore, it aims to evaluate digital interventions and the use of so-called personal guides that may help to facilitate the recovery of PACS.Methods: This German study consists of a low-threshold online screening for PACS where positively screened participants will be supported throughout by personal pilots. The personal pilots are aimed at empowering patients and helping them to navigate through the study and different treatment options. Patients will then be randomly assigned either to an intervention group (IG) or an active control group (ACG). The IG will receive a comprehensive assessment of physiological and psychological functioning to inform future treatment. The ACG does not receive the assessment but both groups will receive a treatment consisting of an individual digital treatment program (digital intervention platform and an intervention via a chatbot). This digital intervention is based on the needs identified during the assessment for participants in the IG. Compared to that, the ACG will receive a more common digital treatment program aiming to reduce PACS symptoms. Importantly, a third comparison group (CompG) will be recruited that does not receive any treatment. A propensity score matching will take place, ensuring comparability between the participants.Primary endpoints of the study are symptom reduction and return to work. Secondary outcomes comprise, for example, social participation and activities in daily life. Furthermore, the feasibility and applicability of the online developed screening tool, the holistic assessment, digital trainings, and personal pilots will be evaluated.Discussion: This is one of the first large-scale studies to improve the diagnostic and the care of patients with PACS by means of empowerment. It is to be evaluated whether the methods utilized can be used for the German and international population.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05238415; date of registration: February 14, 2022.
Systematic untargeted UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS based lipidomics workflow for improvised detection and annotation of lipid sub-classes in serum
Authors: Rana Poonam , Dhariwal Seema , Maan Kiran , Baghel Ruchi , Sharma Apoorva , Malakar Dipankar 
Published: May 2022

Abstract
Selection of best approach for detection, annotation, and throughput for lipidomics of biofluids is still complicated. To maximize the lipid detection, serum lipid profiling was performed on CSH-C18 and EVO-C18 column. The different column chemistries revealed better detection in CSH-C18 (2671 MS/MS) as compared to EVO-C18 (1574 MS/MS) with enhanced resolution of lipid-categories except glycerolipids (Triacylglycerols) and sphingolipids (sphingomyelin). For annotation, open-source (LIPIDMAPS®, LipidBlast) and SCIEX-provided (LipidView™) library softwares were compared. Conclusively, LIPIDMAPS® identified majority molecules (409, CSH-C18 and 279, EVO-C18). LipidBlast and LipidView™ however provided confirmatory annotation based on fragmentation patterns. The study reveals an optimized untargeted Lipidomics-workflow with comprehensive lipid-profiling and confirmatory annotated features.
Cervical Cancer and Novel Therapeutic and Diagnostic Approaches using Chitosan
as a Carrier: A Review
Authors: Sadoughi Fatemeh , Asemi Zatollah , Yousefi Bahman , Mansournia Mohammad Ali , Hallajzadeh Jamal 
Published: May 2022

Abstract:
In our knowledge, using appropriate carriers in the delivery of chemotherapeutic drugs, would result
in better targeting and therefore it would increase the effectiveness and decrease the side effects of drugs. Chitosan,
a natural polymer derived from chitin, has attracted the attention of pharmaceutical industries recently.
New research works show that chitosan can not only be used in drug delivery but it can also have some usages
in the prevention and diagnosis of cancer. This means that using chitosan Nanoformulations can be a promising
approach for prevention, diagnosis, and specially treatment of cervical cancer, the fourth common cancer
among the women of the world. We aim to investigate the related papers to find a novel method and preventing
more women from suffering.
COVID-19 and L-arginine Supplementations: Yet to Find the Missed Key
Authors: Al-Kuraishy Hayder M. , Al-Gareeb Ali I. , Alexiou Athanasios , Batiha Gaber El-Saber 
Published: May 2022

Abstract:
Current coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is regarded as a primary respiratory and vascular
disease leading to acute lung injury (ALI), acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and endothelial
dysfunction (ED) in severe cases. The causative virus of COVID-19 is SARS-CoV-2, which binds
angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) for its entry. It has been shown that ED is linked to various
COVID-19 complications since endothelial cells are regarded as the chief barrier against SARS-CoV-
2 invasion. SARS-CoV-2-indued ED leads to endotheliitis and thrombosis due to endothelial nitric
oxide (NO) inhibition with subsequent vasoconstriction and tissue hypoxia. Loss of vasodilator NO
and anti-thrombin factor from endothelial SARS-CoV-2 infection contribute to the progression of
vascular dysfunction and coagulopathy. Therefore, NO restoration improves pulmonary function and
hinders viral replication during respiratory viral infections, including COVID-19. L-arginine is a semiessential
amino acid that has antiviral and immunomodulatory effects as well as improves the biosynthesis
of NO in endothelial cells. L-arginine may reduce the risk of ALI through inhibition of generation
of peroxynitrite and suppression of the release of proinflammatory cytokines from alveolar macrophages.
Of interest, restoration of NO by L-arginine may attenuate SARS-CoV-2 infection through
different mechanisms, including reduction binding of SARS-CoV-2 to ACE2, inhibition of transmembrane
protease serine-type 2 (TMPRSS2), critical for the activation of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein
and cellular entry, inhibition proliferation and replication of SARS-CoV-2, and prevention of
SARS-CoV-2-induced coagulopathy. In conclusion, through antiviral and immunomodulatory effects,
L-arginine and released NO have mutual and interrelated actions against SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Toward Early Diagnosis of Colorectal Cancer: Focus on Optical Nano Biosensors
Authors: Rezayi Majid , Khazaei Majid , Darroudi Mahdieh , Ghasemi Kousar 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Colorectal cancer is a leading cause of death among cancers worldwide,
with the symptoms mimicking other far more common lower gastrointestinal disorders.

Objective:
This challenge in separating colorectal cancer from other diseases has driven researchers
to investigate a noninvasive screening technique and effective method. The early detection of
colorectal cancer is imperative. Biomarkers play a critical role in colorectal screening tests, treatment,
clinical and prognosis management. Therefore, sensitive and rapid biomarker detection
would be helpful and demand the early diagnosis of colorectal cancer.

Methods:
Recently, several investigations have been performed to design biosensors for early
detection of cancer diagnosis and profiling with strong applied ability and high sensitivity.

Results:
In comparison, optical biosensors are one of the promising platforms for the costeffective
and rapid detection of biomarkers. This review will focus on the advancements and progress
of the various optical-transducing approaches for diagnosing colorectal cancer.

Conclusion:
Further, the prospects and limitations of these optical biosensors in colorectal cancer
diagnosis will be discussed. Here, an overview of optical biosensors and meaningful information
for scientists worldwide will be demonstrated.
Radiopharmacokinetics of Graphene Quantum Dots Nanoparticles
In vivo: Comparing the Pharmacokinetics Parameters in Long and Short
Periods
Authors: Bastos Matheus Keuper , Pijeira Martha Sahylí Ortega , de Souza Sobrinho Juliana Helena , dos Santos Matos Ana Paula , Ricci-Junior Eduardo , de Almeida Fechine Pierre Basilio , Alencar Luciana Magalhães Rebelo , Gemini-Piperni Sara , Alexis Frank , Attia Mohamed Fathy , Santos-Oliveira Ralph 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Nanoparticles (NPs) have gained great importance during the last decades for developing new therapeutics with improved outcomes for biomedical applications due to their nanoscale size, surface properties, loading capacity, controlled drug release, and distribution. Among the carbon-based nanomaterials, one of the most biocompatible forms of graphene is gra-phene quantum dots (GQDs). GQDs are obtained by converting 2D graphene into zero-dimensional graphene nanosheets. Moreover, very few reports in the literature reported the pharmacokinetic studies proving the safety and effectiveness of GQDs for in vivo applications.

Objectives:
This study evaluated the pharmacokinetics of GQDs radiolabeled with 99mTc, adminis-tered intravenously, in rodents (Wistar rats) in two conditions: short and long periods, to compare and understand the biological behavior.

Methods:
The graphene quantum dots were produced and characterized by RX diffractometry, Ra-man spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy. The pharmacokinetic analysis was performed fol-lowing the radiopharmacokinetics concepts, using radiolabeled graphene quantum dots with techne-tium 99 metastable (99mTc). The radiolabeling process of the graphene quantum dots with 99mTc was performed by the direct via.

Results:
The results indicate that the pharmacokinetic analyses with GQDs over a longer period were more accurate. Following a bicompartmental model, the long-time analysis considers each pharmacokinetic phase of drugs into the body. Furthermore, the data demonstrated that short-time analysis could lead to distortions in pharmacokinetic parameters, leading to misinterpretations.

Conclusion:
The evaluation of the pharmacokinetics of GQDs over long periods is more meaning-ful than the evaluation over short periods.
In Silico and In Vivo Studies of Decursin Isolated From the Ethanolic
Extract of Feronia elephantum Correa (Rutaceae) Bark as a Potential Antidiabetic
and Antihyperlipidemic Agents in STZ-induced Diabetic Rats
Authors: Vikhe Sunayana , Kunkulol Rahul , Raut Dipak 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Feronia elephantum (Rutaceae), frequently named wood apple, is a preferable
medicinal plant. In Ayurveda, its bark has been recommended for treating diabetes. In addition, it is one
of the active chemical constituents, decursin, shown in recent research to significantly impact colon cancer,
breast cancer, Alzheimer's disease, inflammation, and ulcerative colitis.

Objective:
The present study was carried out to investigate the traditional use of Feronia elephantum bark
in streptozotocin-induced diabetes and lipid-lowering action in rats. Decursin has been isolated from the
bark and tested for in vitro and in vivo biological activities.

Methods:
The Soxhlet extraction method obtained the ethanolic extract, and fractionation was done with
column chromatography and TLC. The structure of isolated decursin has been confirmed by Fourier
transform infrared (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy.

Results:
The decursin noticeably depletes increased blood glucose levels and positively affects altered
lipid profiles after administering a dose of 150 mg/kg orally compared with the hypoglycemic drug metformin.
In molecular docking simulations, decursin exhibited excellent inhibition of α-amylase, dipeptidyl
peptidase-IV, and moderate activity against α-glucosidase and glucokinase. Furthermore, the enzymes 3-
hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A and Niemann-Pick C1-Like 1 are ideal targets to control hyperlipidemia
and have shown moderate inhibition by decursin.

Conclusion:
From these results, it has been concluded that decursin is the perfect candidate for further
optimization as a lead molecule to treat diabetes and hyperlipidemia.
Design and Optimization of Sustained-Release Trihexyphenidyl Hydrochloride
Nanoparticles: Design of the Experiment Approach
Authors: Shirsath Nitin Rajendra , Goswami Ajaygiri Kamalgiri , Patil Premraj Ramesh 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Trihexyphenidyl chloride (THP) is an antidyskinetic medication used in single
and combination therapy to symptomatically treat Parkinson's disease. Due to its fast metabolism and
short elimination of half-life, it causes changes in plasma concentrations and requires frequent dosage.

Objectives:
The aim of this study was to prepare a sustained release formulation of Trihexyphenidyl chloride
(THP).

Materials and Methods:
Using chitosan as the natural polymer, the polymeric nanoparticles were prepared
by using the ionic gelation method. A 32 response surface methodology was used to optimize the
effects of independent variables, such as the amount of polymer (X1mg) and the amount of copolymer
(X2mg), on dependent variables, such as entrapment efficiency (% EE) (Y1) and drug release (% DR)
(Y2).

Results:
The prepared formulations were evaluated for Fourier transform-infrared (FTIR), X-ray Diffraction,
Field scanning micrographs (FESEM), and In vitro drug release. Higher drug entrapment efficiency
was observed for batch T11. FTIR confirmed the loading of trihexyphenidyl drug into the chitosan matrix.
X-ray diffraction pattern indicated that the degree of crystallinity of pure drug was reduced in the
formulated NPs.

Conclusion:
The drug release from the formulated batches (T1-T13) showed sustained-release action for
around 9-14 hrs. The technique reduced the dosing frequencies and possible side effects of trihexyphenidyl
chloride.
Design, Synthesis, and In vitro Anticancer Activity of Novel Chrysin
Derivatives
Authors: Yu Qunying , Huang Bo , Ling Yun 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Cancer is a serious threaten to human life, and drug developers are pushing hard
to discover potent anticancer agents. Pyrimidine and flavonoids are both attractive entities in medicinal
chemistry; it is necessary to get new cancer drugs capitalizing on the two frameworks.

Objective:
This work includes the synthesis of series chrysin derivatives containing different substituted
pyrimidines and an evaluation of their in vitro anticancer activity.

Methods:
Chrysin was merged with different substituted pyrimidines. Their antiproliferative activity was
screened against five cancer cell lines (A549, HepG2, HCT116, MCF-7, and PC-3) using MTS method,
and the marketed anticancer drug erlotinib was used as a reference.

Results:
Seventeen chrysin derivatives were synthesized. Compound 33E showed the best activity against
A549, HepG2, MCF-7, and PC-3 cells, with IC50 values of 30.30 μM, 21.02 μM, 24.67 μM, 22.13 μM in
A549, HepG2, MCF-7, PC-3 cells, respectively. Compound 33A showed the best activity against
HCT116 cells, with an IC50 value of 4.83 μM in HCT116 cell lines.

Conclusion:
In the present study, a new set of chrysin derivatives containing anilinopyrimidine, piperazine-
pyrimidine and piperidine-pyrimidine were prepared. Two compounds (33D, 33E) display higher
toxicity than erlotinib toward the five cancerous cell lines (A549, HepG2, HCT116, MCF-7, and PC-3),
and one compound (33A) exhibits better inhibitory activity than erlotinib to the HCT116 cells. These
results underline the significance of the
Design, Synthesis, and Insecticidal Evaluation of New Benzoylureas Containing
Carbamate Groups Based on the Bipartite Model of Sulfonylurea
Receptor Binding Site
Authors: Huang Zhiqiang , Zhang Jingjing , Zhu Hualing , Xiong Lixia , Shi Jun 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Benzoylureas are the most commonly used chitin synthesis inhibitors. But, the
exact target site of benzoylurea insecticides has not been identified.

Objective:
To study whether benzoylphenylureas analogues with a bipartite model could be designed and
synthesized as novel insecticides with improved activities.

Methods:
Based on the bipartite model of the sulfonylurea receptor binding site and commercial
diflubenzuron, a series of novel benzoylureas containing carbamate groups were designed and synthesized
via the key intermediate 2,6-difluoro-N-((4-hydroxyphenyl)carbamoyl)benzamide (2). The structures
of the target compounds were confirmed by the 1H NMR and high-resolution mass spectrum
(HRMS).

Results:
The results of bioassays indicated that these target compounds possessed good larvicidal activities
against a broad spectrum of insects such as oriental armyworm (Mythimna Separata Walker), diamondback
moth (Plutella xylostella), and mosquito (Culex pipiens pallens). A compound containing N,
N-diisopropyl (3g) exhibited the highest insecticidal activity against oriental armyworm (40% at 10 mg
kg-1), which was comparable with that of diflubenzuron. These compounds also had good larvicidal activities
against diamondback moth and mosquito; most of these target compounds exhibited comparable
larvicidal activities of diamondback moth with diflubenzuron and higher larvicidal activities of mosquito
than diflubenzuron.

Conclusion:
The experimental data above preliminarily proved the rationality of our speculation and
design ideology, and BPUs analogues with a bipartite model could improve the interaction with the target.
Oral Health Intervention During Pregnancy: A Systematic Review
Authors: Bashirian Saeid , Jenabi Ensiyeh , Barati Majid , Khazaei Salman , Seyedzadeh-Sabounchi Shabnam , Barati Maryam 
Published: May 2022

Background:
Oral health during pregnancy is essential regarding its long-term and shortterm
effects on maternal and child health.

Objective:
This study aimed to investigate the strategies and methods used in oral health promotion
interventions during pregnancy. Also, it is tried to determine the extent to which environmental barriers
and socio-economic factors, in addition to individual factors, have been considered in the design
of these interventions.

Methods:
The data were extracted from Pub-Med, Web of Science, and Scopus databases by searching
the published papers before November 2019. The search terms consisted of pregnancy, oral
health promotion, health education, and preventive health services, resulting in 2772 records. The
inclusion criteria were pregnant women as a target group; study design with randomized (controlled)
trials; implementing a minimum of one health promotion intervention; and studying the outcomes
including knowledge, attitudes, dental cleaning behaviors, and clinical examinations. On the other
hand, the articles only focused on the infant’s oral health were excluded.

Results:
A total of 20 articles were included in this study. The subject of most reviewed studies was
the individual-level interventions using various methods, including lectures, role-playing, group discussion,
one-on-one counseling, skill-based education, commercials on the video-sharing website,
and using social networks. Few studies (n = 4) provided screening and referring to dental services,
prophylaxis, nonsurgical therapy, and initial periodontal treatment. Only one study focused on socio-
economic factors, including cost and location of dental services and involvement of prenatal
care providers.

Conclusion:
According to ecological approaches, maintenance of outcomes needs addressing multilevel
determinants. However, based on the results, a few oral health interventions during pregnancy
included environmental/policy-level factors in addition to individual factors. Hence, interventions
with different strategies that consider multiple determinants are needed.
Neurobiology of Amphetamine use in Stroke Recovery Combined with
Rehabilitative Training and Brain Stimulation
Authors: Uzair Mohammad , Arshad Muhammad , Abualait Turki , Al-Harbi Zeyad T. , Al-Harbi Talal M. , Fahad Reem Bunyan , Arshad Abida , Yoo Woo Kyoung , Bashir Shahid 
Published: May 2022

Abstract:
Stroke is a physiological disorder involving a prolonged local interruption of cerebral blood
flow. It leads to massive neuronal death and causes short-term or long-lasting functional impairment.
Most stroke victims regain some neural function weeks or months following a stroke, but this recovery
can plateau six months or more after the injury. The goal of stroke therapy is the rehabilitation of functional
capabilities, especially those affecting the patient’s autonomy and quality of life. Recent clinical
and animal studies combining acute dextro-amphetamine (d-AMPH) administration with rehabilitative
training (RT) have revealed that this treatment has significant remedial effects. The review aims to examine
the synergistic therapeutic effects of d-amphetamine coupled with RT, administered during the
early or late subacute period, on neuronal activation, anatomic plasticity, and skilled motor function in
a middle-aged rodent stroke model. The treatment will also include magnetic field stimulation. This
review will help increase understanding of the mechanism of d-amphetamine coupled with RT and
magnetic field stimulation and their converging therapeutic effects for stroke recovery.