bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Uncertainties of GRACE‐Based Terrestrial Water Storage Anomalies for Arbitrary Averaging Regions
Authors: Boergens Eva , Kvas Andreas , Eicker Annette , Dobslaw Henryk , Schawohl Lennart , Dahle Christoph , Murböck Michael , Flechtner Frank 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe application of terrestrial water storage (TWS) data observed with GRACE and GRACE‐FO often requires realistic uncertainties. For gridded TWS data, this requires the knowledge of the covariances, which can be derived from the formal, i.e., formally estimated in the parameter estimation, variance‐covariance matrix provided together with the Stokes coefficients. However, the propagation of monthly variance‐covariance matrices to TWS data is computationally expensive, so we apply a spatial covariance model for TWS data. The covariance model provides non‐homogeneous (location depending), non‐stationary (time depending), and anisotropic (orientation depending) covariances between any two given points. Further, the model accommodates wave‐like behavior of East‐West‐directed covariances, which residuals of GRACE striping errors can cause. The main application of such spatial covariances is the estimation of uncertainties for mean TWS time series for arbitrary regions such as river basins. Alternatively, regional uncertainties can be derived from the above mentioned formal variance‐covariance matrices of the Stokes coefficients. This study compares modeled basin uncertainties for GFZ RL06 and ITSG‐Grace2018 TWS data with the formal basin uncertainties from the ITSG‐Grace 2018 solution. The modeled and formal uncertainties fit both in the spatial and temporal domain. We further evaluate the modeled uncertainties by comparison to empirical uncertainties over arid regions. Here, again the appropriateness of the modeled uncertainties is shown. The results, namely the TWS uncertainties for global river basins, are available via the GravIS portal. Further, we provide a Python toolbox, which allows computing uncertainties and covariance matrices.
The Evolution of Ancient Fluvial Systems in Memnonia Sulci, Mars: Impact Crater Damming, Aggradation, and a Large Water Body on the Dichotomy?
Authors: Davis Joel M. , Aranos Liliana , Dickeson Zachary I. , Fawdon Peter 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThere is conflicting evidence for an ancient ocean which occupied the northern hemispheric basin on Mars. Along different regions of the dichotomy boundary, sediment fans have been interpreted as either forming into a large water body or a series of smaller paleolake basins. Here, we investigate fluvial systems in the Memnonia Sulci region of Mars, set along the dichotomy, which comprise erosional valley networks, paleolake basins, inverted channel systems, and sediment fans. We focus our analysis on the evolution of the upslope catchment and characterizing the ancient environment of a large, downslope basin, bound by the topographic dichotomy and the Medusae Fosse Formation. The catchment fluvial systems comprise highly degraded valley networks and show a complex history of incision and filling, influenced by paleolake basin overflow, impact crater damming, aggradation, and possibly a downstream water body. The morphology of the sediment fans is consistent with either fluvial fans or deltas and they form at discrete elevations, rather than a common elevation plane. Our analysis is consistent with the sediment fans forming into a series of paleolake basins set along the dichotomy, rather than into a large inner sea or ocean‐sized water body. The fluvial systems were likely active between the mid Noachian and early Hesperian periods. Our results demonstrate the complex, multi‐phase evolution of fluvial systems on ancient Mars and highlight the importance of regional and local studies when characterizing ancient regions of the dichotomy.
Renal denervation for atrial fibrillation: a comprehensive updated systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Nawar Khaled , Mohammad Ahmed , Johns Edward J. , Abdulla Mohammed H. 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe study aims to compare clinical outcomes following renal denervation (RDN) in hypertensive patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Three online databases were searched (MEDLINE, EMBASE and PubMed) for literature related to outcomes of RDN on hypertension and AF, between January 1, 2010, and June 1, 2021. Where possible, risk ratios (RR) and mean differences (MD) were combined using a random effects model. Significance was set at p ≤ 0.05. Seven trials were included that assessed the effect of adding RDN to pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) in patients with hypertension and AF. A total of 711 patients (329 undergoing PVI + RDN and 382 undergoing PVI alone), with an age range of 56 ± 6 to 68 ± 9 years, were included. Pooled analysis showed a significant lowering of AF recurrence in the PVI + RDN (31.3%) group compared to the PVI-only (52.9%) group (p < 0.00001). Pooled analysis of patients with resistant hypertension showed a significant mean reduction of systolic blood pressure (SBP) (−9.42 mm Hg, p = 0.05), but not diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (−4.11 mm Hg, p = 0.16) in favor of PVI + RDN. Additionally, the pooled analysis showed that PVI + RDN significantly improved estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (+10.2 mL/min per 1.73 m2, p < 0.001) compared to PVI alone. RDN procedures in these trials have proven to be both safe and efficacious with an overall complication rate of 6.32%. Combined PVI and RDN is beneficial for patients with hypertension and AF. Combined therapy showed improvement in SBP and eGFR, reducing the risk of AF recurrence. RDN may serve as an innovative intervention in the treatment of AF.
Histone H3 dopaminylation in ventral tegmental area underlies heroin-induced transcriptional and behavioral plasticity in male rats
Authors: Fulton Sasha L. , Mitra Swarup , Lepack Ashley E. , Martin Jennifer A. , Stewart Andrew F. , Converse Jacob , Hochstetler Mason , Dietz David M. , Maze Ian 
Published: January 2022

AbstractPersistent transcriptional events in ventral tegmental area (VTA) and other reward relevant brain regions contribute to enduring behavioral adaptations that characterize substance use disorder. Recent data from our laboratory indicate that aberrant accumulation of the newly discovered histone post-translational modification (PTM), H3 dopaminylation at glutamine 5 (H3Q5dop), contributes significantly to cocaine-seeking behavior following prolonged periods of abstinence. It remained unclear, however, whether this modification is important for relapse vulnerability in the context of other drugs of abuse, such as opioids. Here, we showed that H3Q5dop plays a critical role in heroin-mediated transcriptional plasticity in midbrain regions, particularly the VTA. In rats undergoing abstinence from heroin self-administration (SA), we found acute and persistent accumulation of H3Q5dop in VTA. Attenuation of H3Q5dop during abstinence induced persistent changes in gene expression programs associated with neuronal signaling and dopaminergic function in heroin abstinence and led to reduced heroin-seeking behavior. Interestingly, the observed changes in molecular pathways after heroin SA showed significant yet reversed overlap with the same genes altered in cocaine SA. These findings establish an essential role for H3Q5dop, and its downstream transcriptional consequences, in heroin-induced functional plasticity in VTA.
METTL3 promotes intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma progression by regulating IFIT2 expression in an m6A-YTHDF2-dependent manner
Authors: Xu Qiong-Cong , Tien Yi-Chih , Shi Yin-Hao , Chen Siyun , Zhu Ying-Qin , Huang Xi-Tai , Huang Chen-Song , Zhao Wei , Yin Xiao-Yu 
Published: January 2022

AbstractN6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA methylation has recently been found involving in regulatory mechanism of the tumor progression. Our aim was to explore the biological function and clinical significance of the m6A methyltransferase METTL3 in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC). In this study, we revealed that METTL3 was upregulated and predicted poor prognosis of patients with ICC. Multivariate regression analysis demonstrated that METTL3 expression was an independent predictor for overall survival in patients with ICC. Moreover, METTL3 knockdown inhibited ICC progression, while METTL3 overexpression showed the opposite effect. METTL3 inhibitor STM2457 also showed anti-tumor effect in ICC. Mechanistically, METTL3 transcription was driven by H3K4me3 activation. Upregulation of METTL3 mediated m6A modification of IFIT2 mRNA and accelerated IFIT2 mRNA decay in a YTHDF2-dependent manner, which promoted the development of ICC and lead to poorer prognosis. In summary, our findings revealed that H3K4me3 activation-driven METTL3 transcription promotes ICC progression by YTHDF2-mediated IFIT2 mRNA degradation, suggesting that METTL3 may serve as a potential target for human ICC therapy.
Extensions of the locational marginal price theory in evolving power systems: A review
Authors: Tan Zhenfei , Cheng Tong , Liu Yuchen , Zhong Haiwang 
Published: January 2022

AbstractThe locational marginal price (LMP) theory is the foundation of nowadays electricity markets. With the rapid growth of intermittent renewable generation, new features are emerging in power systems, such as the uncertainty of power supply, the scarcity of flexibility, and the increase of distributed generation. In this situation, the electricity pricing scheme needs to be augmented with new features to meet requirements of incentive compatibility, cost causation‐awareness, revenue adequacy, and transparency in a new market environment. Though a broad spectrum of literature has investigated extensions of the LMP addressing different challenges, a panorama of these extension directions is absent. To this end, this paper provides a systematic review of existing LMP extension research from four aspects, including pricing with non‐convexity, pricing with multiple intervals, pricing with uncertainty, and pricing in distribution systems. These extension directions are derived from the impacts of the power system evolution on dispatch and pricing models. For each extension direction, the motivation and basic problem setup are introduced, followed by a critical survey of related research progress. Future directions and research gaps of the LMP extension are also indicated in this paper.
Hybrid frequency control strategies based on hydro‐power, wind, and energy storage systems: Application to 100% renewable scenarios
Authors: Sarasua José Ignacio , Martínez‐Lucas Guillermo , García‐Pereira Hilel , Navarro‐Soriano Gustavo , Molina‐García Ángel , Fernández‐Guillamón Ana 
Published: January 2022

AbstractOver the last two decades, variable‐speed wind turbines (VSWTs) have gradually replaced conventional generation. However, the variable and stochastic nature of wind speed may lead to large frequency deviations, especially in isolated power systems with high wind energy integration, where this integration causes a lack of inertia. This paper proposes a hybrid hydro‐wind‐flywheel frequency control strategy for isolated power systems with 100% renewable energy generation, considering both variable wind and a generator tripping. VSWTs and flywheels include a conventional inertial frequency control. The frequency control strategy involves VSWTs rotational speed and State of Charge (SOC) of flywheels variations that may affect the wear and tear of mechanical elements and reduce the efficiency of the frequency control action. The hydro‐power controller also tracks the VSWTs' rotational speed deviation and the flywheel SOC to modify the generated power accordingly. This hybrid frequency strategy significantly reduces frequency excursions, the rotational speed deviations of VSWTs and the SOC of flywheels. To reduce the hydro‐power plants' wear, an additional control strategy is proposed by the authors and evaluated. Results from a case study based on an isolated power system located in El Hierro (Canary Islands, Spain) are included, and extensively discussed in the paper.
Study on the oscillation transmission paths in direct‐drive wind farm transmitted via flexible dc system based on dynamic energy flow
Authors: Ma Jing , Yang Zhenmiao , Zhou Yiqing , Jie Hetong , Cheng Peng 
Published: January 2022

AbstractConcerning the sub‐synchronous oscillation induced by the interaction among wind power converter, flexible DC converter and multiple control links, a method to study the oscillation transmission path based on dynamic energy flow is proposed. First, the system is divided into several subsystems according to different control links, and the dynamic energy model of each subsystem is built by using the first integration method. Then, the energy flows induced by different control links are determined according to the corresponding oscillation components. On this basis, the intersection of energy flows in each dynamic energy model is defined as an energy converging point. Thus, the energy flows between different energy converging points are obtained, and the oscillation transmission path of the interconnected system between different subsystems is determined. Finally, combining the parameters of a real direct‐drive wind farm transmitted via flexible DC system, a test system is built in RT‐LAB for simulation verification. The results show that the proposed method can describe the oscillation transmission paths between different control links quantitatively, and reveal the control links that make against the stability of system. Besides, studying the energy distribution in the oscillation transmission paths can contribute to further research on the control parameter setting and energy suppression, and lay the theoretical foundation for the design of supplementary compensation branches.
Performance of the Fracture Risk Assessment Tool Associated with Muscle Mass Measurements and Handgrip to Screen for the Risk of Osteoporosis in Young Postmenopausal Women
Authors: Sonnenfeld Marina Martinelli , Pimentel Fernanda Lellis , Nasser Elizabeth Jeha , Pompei Luciano de Melo , Fernandes Cesar Eduardo , Steiner Marcelo Luis 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Objective To evaluate the improvement in screening accuracy of the Fracture Risk Assessment Tool (FRAX) for the risk of developing osteoporosis among young postmenopausal women by associating with it clinical muscle mass measures.
Methods A sample of postmenopausal women was submitted to calcaneal quantitative ultrasound (QUS), application of the FRAX questionnaire, and screening for the risk of developing sarcopenia at a health fair held in the city of São Bernardo do Campo in 2019. The sample also underwent anthropometric measurements, muscle mass, walking speed and handgrip tests. A major osteoporotic fracture (MOF) risk ≥ 8.5% on the FRAX, a classification of medium risk on the clinical guideline of the National Osteoporosis Guideline Group (NOGG), and a QUS T-score ≤ -1.8 sd were considered risks of having low bone mass, and QUS T-score ≤ -2.5sd, risk of having fractures.
Results In total, 198 women were evaluated, with a median age of 64 ±  7.7 years, median body mass index (BMI) of 27.3 ±  5.3 kg/m2 and median QUS T-score of −1.3 ±  1.3 sd. The accuracy of the FRAX with a MOF risk ≥ 8.5% to identify women with T-scores ≤ -1.8 sd was poor, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.604 (95% confidence interval [95%CI]: 0.509–0.694) for women under 65 years of age, and of 0.642 (95%CI: 0.571–0.709) when age was not considered. Including data on muscle mass in the statistical analysis led to a significant improvement for the group of women under 65 years of age, with an AUC of 0,705 (95%CI: 0.612–0.786). The ability of the high-risk NOGG tool to identify T-scores ≤ -1.8 sd was limited.
Conclusion Clinical muscle mass measurements increased the accuracy of the FRAX to screen for osteoporosis in women aged under 65 years.
Epidemiological Survey on the Perception of Adverse Effects in Women Using Contraceptive Methods in Brazil
Authors: Pannain Gabriel Duque , Brum Vivian de Oliveira Rodrigues , Abreu Maria Mariana Andrade , Lima Gabriela Barbosa 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Objective The present study aimed to understand patient perception of the adverse effects of contraceptives to improve health care and adherence to treatment.
Methods An online questionnaire was available for women in Brazil to respond to assess their perception of adverse effects and their relationship with contraceptive methods.
Results Of all 536 women who responded, 346 (64.6%) reported current contraceptive use. One hundred and twenty-two (122–34.8%) women reported having already stopped using contraception because of the adverse effects. As for the contraceptive method used, the most frequent was the combined oral contraceptive (212–39.6%). When we calculated the relative risk for headache, there was a relative risk of 2.1282 (1.3425–3.3739; 95% CI), suggesting that the use of pills increases the risk of headache, as well as edema, in which a relative risk of 1.4435 (1.0177–2.0474; 95% CI) was observed. For low libido, the use of oral hormonal contraceptives was also shown to be a risk factor since its relative risk was 1.8805 (1.3527–2.6142; 95% CI). As for acne, the use of hormonal contraceptives proved to be a protective factor, with a relative risk of 0.3015 (0.1789–0.5082; 95% CI).
Conclusion The choice of a contraceptive method must always be individualized, and the patients must be equal participants in the process knowing the expected benefits and harms of each method and hormone, when present.
The life and death of confidentiality: a historical analysis of the flows of patient information
Authors: Wadmann Sarah , Hartlev Mette , Hoeyer Klaus 
Published: January 2022

AbstractHealth data can contain sensitive information. People who consult a doctor seek help on issues that matter to them: they typically expect some form of confidentiality. However, the notion and practices of confidentiality have changed dramatically over time. In this article, we trace the history of confidentiality in the Danish healthcare system, which has one of the world’s most integrated patient information infrastructures. Building on an analysis of legal and political documents dating back to the late seventeenth century, we show that confidentiality originated as a social phenomenon that helped build trust in healthcare professionals and gradually developed into an idiom of citizens rights. Lately, confidentiality has given way to more technocratic forms of data protection. As the political, legal and technological reality, which the idea of confidentiality once referred to, has radically changed, we argue that confidentiality has become what Ulrik Beck has called a ‘zombie category’—a notion that lives on even if its content has passed away. If confidentiality has become a zombie concept, we suggest it is time to discuss what may take its place so that patient interests are protected in the current political economy of health data.
Open extent IV thoracoabdominal aneurysm repair: 22-year experience of the Scottish National Service
Authors: Forsythe Rachael O , Eng Calvin , Roy Chloe , Cafferkey John , Clinch Darja , Ventham Nicholas , Tambyraja Andrew L , Burns Phillipa J , Falah Orwa , Chalmers Roderick T A 
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Background
Since 1999, the Scottish National Service for Thoracoabdominal Aneurysms has offered repair of thoracoabdominal aneurysms (TAAAs) to a population of 5.5 million people. The open operation most commonly performed by the service is the extent IV TAAA repair.

Methods
All extent IV open TAAA repairs performed at the Scottish National Service for TAAAs from June 1999 until April 2021 were evaluated for clinical features, technical details, and clinical outcomes. The primary outcome measure was 30-day mortality; secondary outcomes included short-term (90 days, 6 months, 1 and 2 years) and long-term (5 and 10 years) survival, perioperative complications, and reintervention. Survival was assessed using Kaplan–Meier analysis.

Results
Some 248 patients underwent extent IV TAAA repair, with elective surgery in 204 (82.3 per cent). A totally abdominal transperitoneal approach was used for all patients, with a median visceral ischaemia time of 40 (i.q.r. 35–48) min. Overall, 18 patients (7.3 per cent) died within 30 days. The proportion of patients surviving at 90 days, 6 months, 1, 2, 5, and 10 years was 0.91, 0.90, 0.89, 0.85, 0.72, and 0.41, respectively. Ten patients (4.0 per cent) required a reintervention while in hospital, four (1.6 per cent) experienced permanent spinal cord ischaemia, 19 (7.9 per cent) required temporary renal replacement therapy (RRT), and four (1.6 per cent) required permanent RRT.

Conclusion
Open extent IV TAAA repair performed in a high-volume national centre is associated with favourable short- and long-term survival, and acceptable complication rates.
A Novel Stability Indicating RP-HPLC Method for Simultaneous Quantification of Serdexmethylphenidate and Dexmethylphenidate in Fixed Dosage Form
Authors: Gollu Gowri , Gummadi Sowjanya 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
A simple, robust stability indicating RP-HPLC method was developed for simultaneous quantification of serdexmethyl phenidate and dexmethyl phenidate in a fixed capsule dosage form. This is the first method to be reported for simultaneous estimation and quantification of degradation products produced from forced stressing of the dosage form as per ICH guidelines. The chromatographic separation was attained on Waters X-terra C18 column using a mixture of trifluoro acetic acid and acetonitrile (70:30 v/v) as mobile phase with a flow rate of 1 mL, monitored at 265 nm over a run time of 10 min. Serdexmethyl phenidate and dexmethyl phenidate were eluted with retention times of 2.71 min and 7.33 min, respectively. The method displayed linear responses in the range of 4.2–63 μg/mL (0.9994) for serdexmethyl phenidate and 0.9 to 3.5 μg/mL (0.9998) for dexmethyl phenidate, respectively. The percentage recoveries of the two drugs were found within the acceptable limits. Forced degradation was conducted and showed considerable degradation in various stress conditions. It also confirms the specificity of the method as no interference peaks were observed concerning for to stress products. This method can be routinely used in quality control labs for simultaneous determination of respective drugs in marketed dosage form.