bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Short-time-window Patlak imaging using a population-based arterial input function and optimized Bayesian penalized likelihood reconstruction: a feasibility study
Authors: Tanaka Takato , Nakajo Masatoyo , Kawakami Hirofumi , Motomura Eriko , Fujisaka Tomofumi , Ojima Satoko , Saigo Yasumasa , Yoshiura Takashi 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
To explore the feasibility of short-time-window Ki imaging using a population-based arterial input function (IF) and optimized Bayesian penalized likelihood (BPL) reconstruction as a practical alternative to long-time-window Ki imaging with an individual patient-based IF. Myocardial Ki images were generated from 73 dynamic 18F-FDG-PET/CT scans of 30 patients with cardiac sarcoidosis. For each dynamic scan, the Ki images were obtained using the IF from each individual patient and a long time window (10–60 min). In addition, Ki images were obtained using the normalized averaged population-based IF and BPL algorithms with different beta values (350, 700, and 1000) with a short time window (40–60 min). The visual quality of each image was visually rated using a 4-point scale (0, not visible; 1, poor; 2, moderate; and 3, good), and the Ki parameters (Ki-max, Ki-mean, Ki-volume) of positive myocardial lesions were measured independently by two readers. Wilcoxon’s rank sum test, McNemar’s test, or linear regression analysis were performed to assess the differences or relationships between two quantitative variables.

Results
Both readers similarly rated 51 scans as positive (scores = 1–3) and 22 scans as negative (score = 0) for all four Ki images. Among the three types of population-based IF Ki images, the proportion of images with scores of 3 was highest with a beta of 1000 (78.4 and 72.5%, respectively) and lowest with a beta of 350 (33.3 and 23.5%) for both readers (all p < 0.001). The coefficients of determination between the Ki parameters obtained with the individual patient-based IF and those obtained with the population-based IF were highest with a beta of 1000 for both readers (Ki-max, 0.91 and 0.92, respectively; Ki-mean, 0.91 and 0.92, respectively; Ki-volume, 0.75 and 0.60, respectively; and all p < 0.001).

Conclusions
Short-time-window Ki images with a population-based IF reconstructed using the BPL algorithm and a high beta value were closely correlated with long-time-window Ki images generated with an individual patient-based IF. Short-time-window Ki images using a population-based IF and BPL reconstruction might represent practical alternatives to long-time-window Ki images generated using an individual patient-based IF.
Existence of positive solutions for p-Laplacian boundary value problems of fractional differential equations
Authors: Chabane Farid , Benbachir Maamar , Hachama Mohammed , Samei Mohammad Esmael 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we study the existence and multiplicity of ρ-concave positive solutions for a p-Laplacian boundary value problem of two-sided fractional differential equations involving generalized-Caputo fractional derivatives. Using Guo–Krasnoselskii fixed point theorem and under some additional assumptions, we prove some important results and obtain the existence of at least three solutions. To establish the results, Green functions are used to transform the considered two-sided generalized Katugampola and Caputo fractional derivatives. Finally, applications with illustrative examples are presented to show the validity and correctness of the obtained results.
Discriminating seismic events using 1D and 2D CNNs: applications to volcanic and tectonic datasets
Authors: Nakano Masaru , Sugiyama Daisuke 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDetecting seismic events, discriminating between different event types, and picking P- and S-wave arrival times are fundamental but laborious tasks in seismology. In response to the ever-increasing volume of seismic observational data, machine learning (ML) methods have been applied to try to resolve these issues. Although it is straightforward to input standard (time-domain) seismic waveforms into ML models, many studies have used time–frequency-domain representations because the frequency components may be effective for discriminating events. However, detailed comparisons of the performances of these two methods are lacking. In this study, we compared the performances of 1D and 2D convolutional neural networks (CNNs) in discriminating events in datasets from two different tectonic settings: tectonic tremor and ordinary earthquakes observed at the Nankai trough, and eruption signals and other volcanic earthquakes at Sakurajima volcano. We found that the 1D and 2D CNNs performed similarly in these applications. Half of the misclassified events were misassigned the same labels in both CNNs, implying that the CNNs learned similar features inherent to the input signals and thus misclassified them similarly. Because the first convolutional layer of a 1D CNN applies a set of finite impulse response (FIR) filters to the input seismograms, these filters are thought to extract signals effective for discriminating events in the first step. Therefore, because our application was the discrimination of signals dominated by low- and high-frequency components, we tested which frequency components were effective for signal discriminations based on the filter responses alone. We found that the FIR filters comprised high-pass and low-pass filters with cut-off frequencies around 7–9 Hz, frequencies at which the magnitude relations of the input signal classes change. This difference in the power of high- and low-frequency components proved essential for correct signal classifications in our dataset.
Graphical Abstract
Child growth monitoring and promotion practice and associated factors among health care workers at public health facilities in south Wollo Zone, Northeast Ethiopia: a facility-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Kebede Getabalew Getachew , Dawed Yeshimebet Ali , Seid Kemal Ahmed 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Growth monitoring and promotion (GMP) is one of the health care priorities to assess and follow the growth pattern of children under 2 years old. Appropriate GMP services enable health care workers to control growth faltering early and child mortality. However, there is limited information showing the practice and associated factors of GMP service among health care workers in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the practice and identify associated factors of GMP service among health care workers at public health facilities of the South Wollo Zone, northeast Ethiopia.

Methods
A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 397 randomly selected health care workers in the South Wollo Zone, northeast Ethiopia, from May 25 to July 7, 2020. A pretested self-administered questionnaire and in-depth interview were used to collect the quantitative and qualitative data, respectively. Quantitative data were entered using Epi data Version 3.1 and exported to statistical software for social sciences (SPSS) version 20.0 software for further analysis. Binary logistic regression analyses were used to identify factors associated with GMP practice. Statistical tests at a P value < 0.05 with a 95% confidence interval were taken as a cutoff point to determine the statistical significance. Qualitative data were analyzed by using thematic analysis.

Results
In this study, the proportion of GMP practice among health care workers was 58.4% (95% CI: 54.0–63.0). Being a holder of first degree (AOR = 2.25; 95% CI: 1.01, 5.05), being a holder of a diploma (AOR = 3.52; 95% CI: 2.04, 6.09), work experience with GMP (AOR = 3.13; 95% CI: 1.58, 6.20), receiving GMP training (AOR = 4.83; 95% CI: 2.89, 8.06), availability of GMP equipment (AOR = 2.75; 95% CI: 1.64, 4.58) and having a positive attitude toward GMP (AOR = 3.70; 95% CI: 2.23, 6.17) were factors significantly associated with GMP practice.

Conclusions and recommendations
The proportion of GMP practice among health care workers was still low. Educational level, work experience with GMP, GMP training, GMP equipment and attitude toward GMP were positively associated with GMP practice. Availability of GMP equipment brings positive attitudes toward GMP, and GMP training for health care workers with less experience should be strengthened to improve GMP practice.
Operational flexibility for multi-purpose usage of pooled battery storage systems
Authors: Tiemann Paul Hendrik , Nebel-Wenner Marvin , Holly Stefanie , Frost Emilie , Jimenez Martinez Adrian , Nieße Astrid 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe multi-purpose usage of battery energy storage systems (BESSs) increases the exploitation of their flexibility potential. This can be further enhanced when a large number of small BESSs are combined into a swarm and marketed collectively by an aggregator. To this end, a unified representation of remaining flexibility for each BESS is needed that meets the requirements of both, a multi-purpose usage and a distributed swarm design. In this work, we present a compact model which we call abstract multi-purpose-limited flexibility (Amplify). It can be used by an aggregator to determine how much flexibility remains after accepting obligations and includes an integrated detection of conflicts in the planned schedule of a BESS. It is shown that the model is quickly computable and does not need much data volume during transmission.
Earnings surprise and share price of firms in Nigeria
Authors: Ogbaisi Sebastine Abhus , Dabor Eyesan Leslie , Omokhudu Okun Omokhoje 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis study examines earnings surprise and share price of firms in Nigeria. It sought to evaluate the impact of earnings surprise in predicting share price of firms. The paper employed the Ohlson valuation model and variants of the model to ascertain the impact of earnings surprise on share price. The sample consisted of 76 listed firms over the period 2010–2020. The study reveals that earnings surprise has a negative insignificant impact on share price. The study further reveals that with the interaction of earnings surprise with the bottom line metrics of book value per share and earnings per share, earnings surprise also has a negative insignificant impact on share price of firms, respectively. The paper provides fact that earnings surprise interacts with book value per share and earnings per share in determining share price. This paper also presents evidence to the fact that investors are not just concerned with the magnitude of book value per share and earnings per share but are also concerned with the quality of the earnings in terms of its surprise. This paper further presents evidence to the fact that investors do not consider magnitude and surprise of earnings in isolation. Rather, the decision is influenced by the fusion of the magnitude and the surprise of the metric.
Epidemiology of posttraumatic stress disorder: A prospective cohort study based on multiple nationwide Swedish registers of 4.6 million people
Authors: Rahman Syed , Zammit Stanley , Dalman Christina , Hollander Anna-Clara 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Background
Experiencing exceptionally threatening or horrifying traumas can lead to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Increasing political unrest/war/natural disasters worldwide could cause more traumatic events and change the population burden of PTSD. Most PTSD research is based on surveys, prone to selection/recall biases with inconsistent results. The aim was therefore, to use register-based data to identify the occurrence of PTSD and contributing factors in the Swedish general population.

Methods
This register-based cohort study used survival analysis. Individuals born between 1960–1995, aged ≥15 years, registered and living in Sweden, not emigrating, anytime between 1990–2015, not receiving specialized care for PTSD before 2006 were included (N = 4,673,764), and followed from their 15th/16th birth date until first PTSD diagnosis between 2006–2016 or study endpoint (31-December-2016). PTSD cases (ICD-10: F43.1) were identified from the national patient register. Mean follow-up time was 18.8 years.

Results
Between 2006–2016, the incidence of specialized healthcare utilization for PTSD nearly doubled, and 0.7% of the study population received such care. The highest risk was observed for refugees [aHR 8.18; 95% CI:7.85–8.51] and for those with depressive disorder [aHR 4.51; 95% CI:3.95–5.14]. Higher PTSD risk was associated with female sex, older age, low education, single parenthood, low household income, urbanicity, and being born to a foreign-born parent.

Conclusions
PTSD is more common among refugee migrants, individuals with psychiatric disorders, and the socioeconomically disadvantaged. It is important that provision of services for PTSD are made available, particularly to these higher risk, and often hard-to-reach groups.
Reduced Sensitivity to Thyroid Hormones Is Associated With High Remnant Cholesterol Levels in Chinese Euthyroid Adults
Authors: Sun Honglin , Zhu Wei , Liu Jia , An Yu , Wang Ying , Wang Guang 
Published: September 2022

AbstractContextIt remains unclear whether the thyroid system could regulate the atherogenic remnant cholesterol (RC) levels in euthyroid status.ObjectiveWe aimed to investigate the relationship between sensitivity to thyroid hormones and RC levels in Chinese euthyroid population.MethodsThis study included 18 766 euthyroid adults. High RC levels were defined as the upper quartile of RC levels. The thyroid hormone sensitivity indices, including thyroid feedback quantile-based index (TFQI), thyroid-stimulating hormone index (TSHI), thyrotrophic thyroxine resistance index (TT4RI), and free triiodothyronine to free thyroxine (FT3/FT4) ratio were calculated. Linear and binary logistic regression analysis were applied to determine the associations between those composite indices with RC levels by genders.ResultsBoth females and males with high RC levels exhibited co-existing higher TSH and FT4 levels. Linear regression analysis revealed that TFQI, TSHI, and TT4RI were positively, while FT3/FT4 ratio levels were negatively associated with serum RC levels. The odds ratios (ORs) (95% CI) for high RC levels were increased with rising TFQI quartiles (Q) [females: Q3 1.41 (1.22-1.63), Q4 1.61 (1.39-1.86); males: Q3 1.25 (1.09-1.45), Q4 1.38 (1.19-1.59), all P for trend &lt; 0.001] after full adjustment, with Q1 as the reference. TSHI and TT4RI yielded similar results. By contrast, the ORs (95% CI) for high RC levels were decreased with increasing FT3/FT4 ratio quartiles in both genders (P for trend &lt; 0.001).ConclusionIn euthyroid adults, reduced sensitivity to thyroid hormones was associated with high RC levels. Our results suggested an additive cardiometabolic risk of euthyroid population with thyroid hormones insensitivity.
Three-Year Observation of Glucose Metabolism After Pancreaticoduodenectomy: A Single-Center Prospective Study in Japan
Authors: Niwano Fumimaru , Babaya Naru , Hiromine Yoshihisa , Matsumoto Ippei , Kamei Keiko , Taketomo Yasunori , Yoshida Sawa , Takeyama Yoshifumi , Noso Shinsuke , Ikegami Hiroshi 
Published: September 2022

Abstract

Context
The glucose tolerance of patients changes considerably from before to after pancreaticoduodenectomy wherein approximately half of the pancreas is resected.

Objective
The aim of this prospective study was to investigate the incidence of and risk factors for diabetes after pancreaticoduodenectomy.

Methods
This study is a part of an ongoing prospective study, the Kindai Prospective Study on Metabolism and Endocrinology after Pancreatectomy (KIP-MEP) study. Of the 457 patients enrolled to date, 96 patients without diabetes who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy were investigated in this study. Preoperatively, 1 month post-pancreaticoduodenectomy, and every 6 months thereafter, the glucose metabolism and endocrine function were evaluated using the 75 g oral glucose tolerance test. Various other metabolic, endocrine, and exocrine indices were also examined over a period of up to 36 months.

Results
Of the 96 patients analyzed in this study, 33 were newly diagnosed with diabetes. The cumulative diabetes incidence at 36 months following pancreaticoduodenectomy was 53.8%. The preoperative insulinogenic index and ΔC-peptide in the glucagon stimulation test were significantly lower in the progressors to diabetes than in the nonprogressors. Multivariate Cox regression analysis demonstrated that the insulinogenic index was the only significant risk factor for new-onset diabetes.

Conclusion
The majority of patients developed new-onset diabetes after pancreaticoduodenectomy, and a low value of the insulinogenic index was suggested to be a risk factor for diabetes. Preoperative assessment for the prediction of the onset of diabetes serves as useful information for patients and is important for postoperative glycemic control and diabetes management in patients who require pancreaticoduodenectomy.
Negatively Charged Clay Particles Influence Spectroscopic Properties of Anionic Organic Dyes in Aqueous Colloids
Authors: Nakato Teruyuki , Kawanami Yoshiki , Taninaka Keisuke , Mouri Emiko 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Aqueous colloids of smectite-type clays have been employed as heterogeneous media for photofunctional dyes, where negatively charged clay particles adsorb cationic and polar dye molecules through electrostatic immobilization. However, we herein demonstrate impacts of negatively charged hectorite clay particles on the spectroscopic behavior of anionic dyes. Anionic Eosin B dissolved in aqueous clay colloids exhibits spectroscopic behavior reflecting the coexisting clay particles. The absorption and fluorescence maxima are red-shifted and the fluorescence is intensified with increasing clay concentration. Removal of the clay particles by ultracentrifugation recovers the spectra of aqueous solution, indicating attractive interactions between the anionic dye molecules and negatively charged clay particles. Moreover, the spectroscopic impacts of the clay particles vary on both the dye species and clay mineral species; spectroscopic properties of Rose Bengal are not greatly affected by the clay particles, and synthetic saponite more influences the absorption and emission spectra of the dyes.
“This has definitely opened the doors”: Provider perceptions of patient experiences with telemedicine for contraception in Illinois
Authors: Song Bonnie , Boulware Angel , Wong Zarina Jaffer , Huang Iris , Whitaker Amy K. , Hasselbacher Lee , Stulberg Debra 
Published: September 2022

AbstractContextThe COVID‐19 pandemic increased the provision of contraception through telemedicine. This qualitative study describes provider perceptions of how telemedicine provision of contraception has impacted patient care.MethodsWe interviewed 40 obstetrics‐gynecology and family medicine physicians, midwives, nurse practitioners, and support staff providing contraception via telemedicine in practices across Illinois, including Planned Parenthood of Illinois (PPIL) health centers. We analyzed interview content to identify themes around the perceived impact of telemedicine implementation on contraception access, contraceptive counseling, patient privacy, and provision of long‐acting reversible contraception (LARC).ResultsParticipants perceived that telemedicine implementation improved care by increasing contraception access, increasing focus on counseling while reducing bias, and allowing easier method switching. Participants thought disparities in telemedicine usage and limitations to the technological interface presented barriers to patient care. Participants' perceptions of how telemedicine implementation impacts patient privacy and LARC provision were mixed. Some participants found telemedicine implementation enhanced privacy, while others felt unable to ensure privacy in a virtual space. Participants found telemedicine modalities useful for counseling patients considering methods of LARC, but they sometimes presented an unnecessary extra step for those sure about receiving one at a practice offering same day insertion.ConclusionProviders felt telemedicine provision of contraception positively impacted patient care. Improvements to counseling and easier access to method switching suggest that telemedicine implementation may help reduce contraceptive coercion. Our findings highlight the need to integrate LARC care with telemedicine workflows, improve patient privacy protections, and promote equitable access to all telemedicine modalities.
Low-order nonlinearities and high-order harmonics generation in Zn and ZnSe nanoparticles synthesized during femtosecond laser ablation at a 50  kHz pulse repetition rate
Authors: Boltaev Ganjaboy S. , Abu Baker Aya M. , Iqbal Mazhar , Abbasi Naveed A. , Reyimboev Sherzod B. , Ganeev Rashid A. , Alnaser Ali S. 
Published: September 2022

We synthesize Zn and ZnSe nanoparticles during laser ablation of bulk material in ethanol and analyze them using the Z-scan technique and the generation of high harmonics using a 50 kHz, 40 fs, and 1030 nm laser. The low-order nonlinear absorption and nonlinear refraction coefficients in the colloidal suspensions of the formed nanoparticles were measured using 1030 nm and 515 nm probing laser pulses, respectively. The values of the nonlinear refractive index and nonlinear absorption coefficient of Zn NPs at 1030 nm wavelength were calculated to be

γ
=
−

1.4

×

10

−
13

c
m

2

W

−
1

and

β
=

2.7

×

10

−
11

c
m

W

−
1

, respectively. Similarly, in the case of ZnSe NPs,

γ
=
−

4.9

×

10

−
14

c
m

2

W

−
1

and

β
=

0.5

×

10

−
11

c
m

W

−
1

, respectively. In the case of 515 nm probing pulses, the corresponding nonlinear optical parameters of Zn NP suspension were calculated to be

γ
=
−

1.7

×

10

−
14

c
m

2

W

−
1

and

β
=

1.0

×

10

−
11

c
m

W

−
1

, and for ZnSe NP suspension, the value of β was calculated to be

2.1

×

10

−
11

c
m

W

−
1

. The nonlinear refractive index of this suspension was

γ
=
−

2.4

×

10

−
14

c
m

2

W

−
1

. We also report the studies of high-order harmonics generation in plasmas containing Zn and ZnSe NPs using single- (1030 nm) and two-color (1030 nm + 515 nm) laser fields. The maximal generated extreme ultraviolet (XUV) harmonics were 33rd (Zn NPs) and 27th (ZnSe NPs) orders. The decrease of the maximal generating harmonic orders was explained using the three-step model. The high brightness of the ninth and 10th harmonics generated in the two-color laser field was obtained due to the resonance properties of Zn NPs. The maximal generated XUV harmonics were the 33rd (Zn nanoparticles) and 27th (ZnSe nanoparticles) orders.