bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of monocarboxylate transporters (MCT) 1 and 4 reduces exercise capacity in mice
Authors: Kitaoka Yu , Takahashi Kenya , Hatta Hideo 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe concept of lactate shuttle is widely accepted in exercise physiology. Lactate transport is mediated by monocarboxylate transporters (MCT), which enable cells to take up and release lactate. However, the role of lactate during exercise has not yet been fully elucidated. In this study, we investigated the effects of lactate transport inhibition on exercise capacity and metabolism in mice. Here, we demonstrated that MCT1 inhibition by α‐cyano‐4‐hydroxycinnamate administration (4‐CIN, 200 mg/g of body weight) reduced the treadmill running duration at 20 m/min. The administration of 4‐CIN increased the blood lactate concentration immediately after exercise. With matched exercise duration, the muscle lactate concentration was higher while muscle glycogen content was lower in 4‐CIN‐administered mice. Further, we showed that MCT4 inhibition by bindarit administration (50 mg/kg of body weight) reduced the treadmill running duration at 40 m/min. Bindarit administration increased the muscle lactate but did not alter the blood lactate and glucose concentrations, as well as muscle glycogen content, immediately after exercise. A negative correlation was observed between exercise duration at 40 m/min and muscle lactate concentration immediately after exercise. Our results suggest that lactate transport via MCT1 and MCT4 plays a pivotal role in sustaining exercise.
Jensen-type inequalities for m-convex functions
Authors: Bosch Paul , Quintana Yamilet , Rodríguez José M. , Sigarreta José M. 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Inequalities play an important role in pure and applied mathematics. In particular, Jensen’s inequality, one of the most famous inequalities, plays the main role in the study of the existence and uniqueness of initial and boundary value problems for differential equations. In this work, we prove some new Jensen-type inequalities for m-convex functions and apply them to generalized Riemann-Liouville-type integral operators. Furthermore, as a remarkable consequence, some new inequalities for convex functions are obtained.
Effect of local heat treatment on residual stresses in an in-service repair welded pipeline
Authors: Zhang Hongbo , Lu Yongxin , Yang Fengping , Bai Qiang , Liu Yinglai , Zhang Xiaoyong , Feng Hongfeng 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The multi-pass fillet welds of casing pipe were welded onto the in-service pipeline, which is widely used in pipeline repairs. However, the residual stress of repairing welded joints is larger, and it is easy to cause cracks in the heat-affected zone. In this paper, the local heat treatment was used to adjust the residual stress of the repaired welded joint of the in-service pipeline. The results show that the local heat treatment is very useful for reducing the residual stress of the repair welding joint of the in-service pipeline.
Evaluation of the plastic deformation behavior of modified 100Cr6 steels with increased fractions of retained austenite using cyclic indentation tests
Authors: Ostermayer Pascal , Burkart Klaus , Blinn Bastian , Surm Holger , Clausen Brigitte , Beck Tilmann 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
In highly loaded components, such as roller bearings, early failures may occur due to microstructural defects. Thus, a higher defect tolerance of the material can improve the fatigue lifetime. To produce steels with high defect tolerance, innovative alloying concepts, and a sound knowledge of the influence of heat treatment parameters on the resultant mechanical properties is indispensable. Consequently, two bearing steels based on 100Cr6 with different silicon contents were investigated to achieve relatively high retained austenite (RA) fractions, which are assumed to increase the defect tolerance at cyclic loading. To understand the relation between bainitic heat treatment and mechanical characteristics, the resultant RA fractions, Vickers hardness, microhardness, and cyclic hardening exponent CHT eII, which correlates to defect tolerance of metallic materials, were determined for differently heat-treated conditions. Based on the statistical design of experiments and measurements obtained with X-ray diffraction and cyclic indentation testing, regression calculations were conducted. Pertaining to the results of the regression analyses, the heat treatment parameterizations of these steels were specifically determined for certain desired property combinations within the boundaries investigated. Therefore, the temperatures used in the austenitizing and bainitizing procedures have shown the highest influence on the mechanical characteristics and the RA fraction of both steels.
Data enhanced iterative few-sample learning algorithm-based inverse design of 2D programmable chiral metamaterials
Authors: Zhao Zeyu , You Jie , Zhang Jun , Du Shiyin , Tao Zilong , Tang Yuhua , Jiang Tian 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
A data enhanced iterative few-sample (DEIFS) algorithm is proposed to achieve the accurate and efficient inverse design of multi-shaped 2D chiral metamaterials. Specifically, three categories of 2D diffractive chiral structures with different geometrical parameters, including widths, separation spaces, bridge lengths, and gold lengths are studied utilising both the conventional rigorous coupled wave analysis (RCWA) approach and DEIFS algorithm, with the former approach assisting the training process for the latter. The DEIFS algorithm can be divided into two main stages, namely data enhancement and iterations. Firstly, some “pseudo data” are generated by a forward prediction network that can efficiently predict the circular dichroism (CD) response of 2D diffractive chiral metamaterials to reinforce the dataset after necessary denoising. Then, the algorithm uses the CD spectra and the predictions of parameters with smaller errors iteratively to achieve accurate values of the remaining parameters. Meanwhile, according to the impact of geometric parameters on the chiroptical response, a new functionality is added to interpret the experimental results of DEIFS algorithm from the perspective of data, improving the interpretability of the DEIFS. In this way, the DEIFS algorithm replaces the time-consuming iterative optimization process with a faster and simpler approach that achieves accurate inverse design with dataset whose amount is at least one to two orders of magnitude less than most previous deep learning methods, reducing the dependence on simulated spectra. Furthermore, the fast inverse design of multiple shaped metamaterials allows for different light manipulation, demonstrating excellent potentials in applications of optical coding and information processing. This work belongs to one of the first attempts to thoroughly characterize the flexibility, interpretability, and generalization ability of DEIFS algorithm in studying various chiroptical effects in metamaterials and accelerating the inverse design of hypersensitive photonic devices.
Passives of Spanish Subject-Experiencer Psychological Verbs are Adjectival Passives
Authors: García-Pardo Alfredo , Marín Rafael 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis paper argues that <ser‘to be’ + past participle> constructions with subject-experiencer psychological verbs are adjectival passives, contra the received view that <ser + past participle> constructions are verbal passives across the board. We put forth a battery of morphological, syntactic and semantic tests to support our claim. The divide, we argue, is based on the individual-level/stage-level distinction, rather than on the lexical category of the participle. We provide a theoretical, aspect-based account that generates the distribution ofser andestarin verbal and adjectival participles and paves the way for a comprehensive analysis of theserandestardistribution across other constructions where the alternation is attested, such as underived adjectives and prepositions.
Evaluation of chemical composition of cribra orbitalia from post-medieval children graves (Olomouc, Czech Republic)
Authors: Kučera Lukáš , Lundová Markéta , Šín Lukáš , Dehnerová Hana , Pechancová Radka , Kurka Ondřej , Bednář Petr 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
During an archaeological rescue excavation in center of city Olomouc (Moravia region, Czech Republic) several graves were found. Those graves were a part of a defunct cemetery situated in the area surrounding a church of St. Peter and Paul. The research was focused on analysis of 13 children’s skull samples affected by a chronical pathology known as “cribra orbitalia” (CO). X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF) and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) were used to examine differences in the samples with respect to an individual’s age, degree of porosity (representing the progress of CO) and other observed pathologies. Both techniques proved that the ratio of calcium to iron gradually increases with the age of the child without regard to the degree of CO damage. Moreover, the ICP-MS data were evaluated using principal component analysis, which pointed out that the highest contents of Pb were found in samples from individuals suffering from rickets. The preliminary results reveal that more research on this pathology should be performed – not only for post-medieval individuals but also in prehistorical ones.
Home Care for Bronchiolitis: A Systematic Review
Authors: Lawrence Joanna , Walpola Ramesh , Boyce Suzanne L. , Bryant Penelope A. , Sharma Anurag , Hiscock Harriet 
Published: September 2022

CONTEXT
Bronchiolitis is the leading cause of pediatric hospital admissions. Hospital-at-Home (HAH) delivers hospital-level care at home, relieving pressure on the hospital system.

OBJECTIVES
We aimed to review the feasibility, acceptability, and safety of HAH for bronchiolitis, and assess the cost-impact to hospitals and society.

DATA SOURCES
Ovid Medline, Embase, Pubmed, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, and Web of Science.

STUDY SELECTION
Studies (randomized control trials, retrospective audits, prospective observational trials) of infants with bronchiolitis receiving HAH (oxygen, nasogastric feeding, remote monitoring). Studies were limited to English language since 2000.

DATA EXTRACTION
We reviewed all studies in duplicate for inclusion, data extraction, and risk of bias.

RESULTS
Ten studies met inclusion criteria, all for home oxygen therapy (HOT). One abstract on nasogastric feeding did not meet full inclusion criteria. No studies on remote monitoring were found. HOT appears feasible in terms of uptake (70%–82%) and successful completion, both at altitude and sea-level. Caregiver acceptability was reported in 2 qualitative studies. There were 7 reported adverse events (0.6%) with 0 mortality in 1257 patients. Cost studies showed evidence of savings, although included costs to hospitals only.

LIMITATIONS
Small number of studies with heterogenous study design and quality. No adequately powered randomized control studies.

CONCLUSIONS
Evidence exists to support HOT as feasible, acceptable, and safe. Evidence of cost-effectiveness remains limited. Further research is needed to understand the relevant impact of HAH versus alternative interventions to reduce oxygen prescribing. Other models of care looking at nasogastric feeding support and remote monitoring should be explored.
Recommendations for Prevention and Control of Influenza in Children, 2022–2023
Authors:   COMMITTEE ON INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Published: September 2022

This statement updates the recommendations of the American Academy of Pediatrics for the routine use of influenza vaccine and antiviral medications in the prevention and treatment of influenza in children during the 2022–2023 influenza season. A detailed review of the evidence supporting these recommendations is published in the accompanying technical report (http://www.pediatrics.org/cgi/doi/10.1542/peds.2022-059275). The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends annual influenza vaccination of all children without medical contraindications starting at 6 months of age. Influenza vaccination is an important strategy for protecting children and the broader community, as well as reducing the overall burden of respiratory illnesses when other viruses, including severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2, are cocirculating. Any licensed influenza vaccine appropriate for age and health status can be administered, ideally as soon as possible in the season, without preference for one product or formulation over another.
Antiviral treatment of influenza with any US Food and Drug Administration-approved, age-appropriate influenza antiviral medication is recommended for children with suspected or confirmed influenza who are hospitalized, have severe or progressive disease, or have underlying conditions that increase their risk of complications of influenza, regardless of duration of illness. Antiviral treatment should be initiated as soon as possible. Antiviral treatment may be considered in the outpatient setting for symptomatic children with suspected or confirmed influenza disease who are not at high risk for influenza complications, if treatment can be initiated within 48 hours of illness onset, and for children with suspected or confirmed influenza disease whose siblings or household contacts either are younger than 6 months or have a high-risk condition that predisposes them to complications of influenza. Antiviral chemoprophylaxis is recommended for the prevention of influenza virus infection as an adjunct to vaccination in certain individuals, especially exposed children who are at high risk for influenza complications but have not yet been immunized or who lack a sufficient immune response.
Risorgimento of Monkey Pox in 2022: A literature review from South East Asia
Authors: Muradkhan Pathan Multazim , Umar Nawaz , Vaidya Natasha , Pathan Heeba Muradkhan , Patel Sheeza , Patel Qamar , Mulani Shahnawaz 
Published: September 2022

India has confirmed its first monkeypox death case on 1 August 2022. Knowledge about its symptoms and spread is of outmost importance. With an incubation period of 6-13 days monkey pox distinctive symptom is lymphadenopathy. Close contacts are at the highest risk of contracting the disease and Polymerase chain reaction is the preferred laboratory test. This review article briefs on the important aspects of monkeypox disease including the measures taken by national and international agencies to spread awareness and steps taken to confine the spread of the disease. The article elaborates the role of ICMR New Delhi India and NIV Pune India in taking necessary actions to curtail the exposure of cases and the efforts taken in the invention of invitro diagnostic kits and providing resources for vaccine development. This article attempts to describe the spread symptoms and measures taken by the competent authorities of The Government of India for immediate prevention, action and development of IVD kits and vaccination for monkeypox outbreak in the year 2022.
Pelvic Organ Prolapse After Childbirth: An Evidence-Based Case Report
Authors: Bicknell Jaime 
Published: September 2022

INTRODUCTION/BACKGROUNDAlmost one in four women in the United States have a pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD). PFD may include urinary incontinence (UI), fecal incontinence (FI), and/or pelvic organ prolapse (POP; Dieter et al., 2015). Pelvic floor therapy (PFT) has shown to improve pelvic floor function; however, access to care and awareness of PFT may be limited based on location.This is a case report on one woman’s experience with the lack of provider referral and access to care for pelvic floor physical therapy (PFPT) in a rural setting. Promising new research suggests that telerehabilitation is beneficial in the treatment of women with PFD, which, when available, may improve access to care for women in rural settings.CASE DESCRIPTIONA 32-year-old female was referred by her gynecologist to physical therapy with complaints of pelvic heaviness after her first vaginal delivery. The patient was concerned that she would not be able to return to her normal active lifestyle. The patient lived in a rural area with limited access to care. The patient was seen for evaluation and three additional visits over the course of 2 months for pelvic floor strengthening as clinical findings showed a weakness in pelvic floor endurance and power as well as mild prolapse, however, access to care limited her participation.OUTCOMESSubjective improvements were a reduction in pelvic pressure, reduced urinary leakage as well as improved ability to exercise with less fear of leakage. Objectively, the patient had improvements in pelvic floor strength as measured by the use of the PERFECT system. The mild prolapse noted on evaluation using the POP scoring system was still present.DISCUSSIONResearch has concluded that the field of pelvic health is going to continue to grow while access to care will be limited by a dwindling number of providers, an already apparent phenomenon in rural areas. The case patient had limitations in sessions she could attend due to access to care in a rural setting, which restricted progress. New research in telerehabilitation for women’s pelvic health dysfunction shows promise that women in rural areas will have improved access to the care they need.
Distinct landscapes of genetic and epigenetic alterations of E2F familygenes between esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and esophageal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Yan Jie , Zheng Guo-Liang , Zheng Zhi-Chao 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background/Aims: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) are primarily driven by different genetic changes. The E2F transcription factors (E2Fs) are involved in various malignancies; yet little is known about their roles in ESCC and EAC. This study aimed to investigate genetic and epigenetic alterations of the E2F family genes in ESCC and EAC, and to examine whether the differential changes are associated with the distinct mechanisms. Materials and Methods: mRNA and methylation levels of E2F family genes in ESCC and EAC were retrieved from the database UALCAN. The cBioPortal for Cancer Genomics and Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes (STRING) database were used to analyze genetic mutations and interaction networks for E2Fs, respectively.Results: The genetic alteration patterns of E2Fs were different between ESCC and EAC. Furthermore, differences in methylation levels, CNV, and mutation frequency in certain E2F family genes were observed between ESCC and EAC. Moreover, E2Fs were co-expressed and interacted with proteins involved in the N6-methyladenosine (m6A) and histone modifications in EC. Additionally, Kaplan–Meier analysis revealed significant lower E2F1, E2F3, E2F5, E2F7, and E2F8 mRNA levels in association with better prognosis for EAC; while lower E2F1, E2F3, E2F6, E2F7, and E2F8 mRNA levels indicated poorer outcome for ESCC. Conclusions: The different patterns of genetic and epigenetic alterations in the E2F family genes between ESCC and EAC are likely to be associated with different mechanisms. Certain E2Fs hold promise as biomarkers for differential diagnosis of EAC and ESCC, and for prognostic prediction.
Isoflavones induce cell apoptosis by inhibiting autophagy in ovarian and endometrial cancer cells
Authors: Shi Zhichao , Qi Yaozhi , Wei Lili , Su Hongyong , Pan Chen , Guo Fengbiao 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer and breast cancer are common gynecological malignancies with high mortality rates. Isoflavones are phytoestrogens that are ubiquitous in food and Chinese herbs. Although many epidemiological studies have shown that ingestion of isoflavones could decrease the risk of ovarian and breast cancer, their cellular functions and underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study used isoflavones to treat the breast and ovarian cancer cell lines SKOV-3 and MCF-7, which have high estrogen levels. Cell number and viability were measured using cell counting and MTS assays, respectively. Real-time quantitative PCR and western blotting were used to investigate the expression levels of key apoptotic factors. The results showed that isoflavones inhibited the proliferation and viability of SKOV-3 and MCF-7 cells under high estrogen levels. The expression levels of p62, LC3B, Caspase3, Bax, and Cyt c were significantly increased, whereas the expression levels of Bcl-2 were significantly decreased when treated with isoflavone. These results suggest that isoflavones can inhibit autophagy and induce apoptosis in ovarian and breast cancer cells at high estrogen levels. These findings provide a new theoretical basis for the treatment of malignant gynecological tumors.
Smartphone-RCCT: An online repository of Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials of Smartphone Applications for Chronic Conditions
Authors: Barth Jürgen , Jiani Wang , Jesus Lopez-Alcalde , Christoph Kramm , Daniel Pach , Noelia Álvarez-Díaz , Eulàlia Grifol-Clar , Claudia Witt M 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Background
Chronic health conditions have a big impact on disability, morbidity, and mortality worldwide. Smartphone health applications (apps) can improve the health of patients with chronic conditions and enhance the quality and efficiency of healthcare. The number of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of smartphone health apps is increasing, but a collection of the available evidence into a single database is still missing. The purpose of this study is to describe Smartphone-RCCT, which is an in-progress database of RCTs of smartphone apps for chronic conditions.
Methods
For a study to be included in the database, the following criteria had to be met: a) RCT published in a peer-reviewed journal; b) Population: adult study participants with one or several chronic conditions that represent the main health problem addressed by the study intervention; c) Intervention: smartphone health app used by the patient; d) Comparator: any control condition; e) Outcomes: any patient-reported health outcome (studies exclusively measuring the patients’ knowledge about the chronic conditions or their satisfaction with the smartphone app were excluded); f) Sample size: at least 15 participants per study arm. We searched in electronic databases and other resources to identify relevant studies. Two reviewers selected the studies and extracted data independently. Annual updates are planned.
Results
The proposed database is called Smartphone-RCCT, an open-access repository collecting bibliographic references and important characteristics of RCTs of smartphone apps for chronic conditions. The database is available for free in Open Science Framework (OSF): https://osf.io/nxerf/. To date it includes 70 trials. Their references can be exported to standard reference management software and the extracted data is available in a Microsoft Excel file.
Conclusions
Smartphone-RCCT is the first systematic open-access database collecting peer-reviewed publications of RCTs of smartphone apps for patients with chronic conditions. The database accelerates the delivery of evidence-based information in a dynamic research field. It represents an essential resource for different stakeholders, such as professionals working in evidence synthesis, meta-epidemiological studies, or planning an RCT.