bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sensitivity of the Roman Coronagraph Instrument to Exozodiacal Dust
Authors: Douglas Ewan S. , Debes John , Mennesson Bertrand , Nemati Bijan , Ashcraft Jaren , Ren Bin , R. Stapelfeldt Karl , Savransky Dmitry , Lewis Nikole K. , Macintosh Bruce 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Exozodiacal dust, warm debris from comets and asteroids in and near the habitable zone of stellar systems, reveals the physical processes that shape planetary systems. Scattered light from this dust is also a source of background flux which must be overcome by future missions to image Earthlike planets. This study quantifies the sensitivity of the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope Coronagraph to light scattered by exozodi, the zodiacal dust around other stars. Using a sample of 149 nearby stars, previously selected for optimum detection of habitable exoplanets by space observatories, we find the maximum number of exozodiacal disks with observable inner habitable zone boundaries is six and the number of observable outer habitable boundaries is 74. One zodi was defined as the visible-light surface brightness of 22 m
V arcsec−2 around a solar-mass star, approximating the scattered light brightness in visible light at the Earth-equivalent insolation. In the speckle limited case, where the signal-to-noise ratio is limited by speckle temporal stability rather than shot noise, the median 5σ sensitivity to habitable zone exozodi is 12 zodi per resolution element. This estimate is calculated at the inner-working angle of the coronagraph, for the current best estimate performance, neglecting margins on the uncertainty in instrument performance and including a post-processing speckle suppression factor. For an log-norm distribution of exozodi levels with a median exozodi of 3× the solar zodi, we find that the Roman Coronagraph would be able to make 5σ detections of exozodiacal disks in scattered light from 13 systems with a 95% confidence interval spanning 7–20 systems. This sensitivity allows Roman Coronagraph to complement ground-based measurements of exozodiacal thermal emission and constrain dust albedos. Optimized post-processing and detection of extended sources in multiple resolution elements is expected to further improve this unprecedented sensitivity to light scattered by exozodiacal dust.
RETRACTED: Structural, magnetic properties, critical behaviors and magnetic entropy changes of La0.7-x
Gd
x
Ca0.3MnO3 (x=0, 0.05, 0.1) manganites
Authors: Zhou Min , Jin Xiang , Wang WenXing , Zheng Lin , Xing Ru , Lu Yi , Zhao JianJun 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Structural, magnetic properties, critical behaviors and magnetic entropy changes of La0.7-x
Gd
x
Ca0.3MnO3 (x=0, 0.05, 0.1) polycrystalline manganites have been investigated. The X-ray diffraction characterization shows that all the samples can be well indexed on an orthorhombic structure with Pnma space group. Magnetic measurements show that polycrystalline samples sequentially display the characteristics of cluster spin glass states, ferromagnetic states, ferromagnetic paramagnetic coexistence states and pure paramagnetic states with increasing temperature. The Curie temperature (Tc) increases with increasing doping concentration x, and the ferromagnetic paramagnetic transform into a second-order phase transitions near the Tc. Critical behaviors have been studied through the modified Arrott plots and the Kouvel-Fisher method. The critical exponents of polycrystalline samples are determined to be close to the critical exponents of the tricritical mean field model (x=0), 3D Ising model (x=0.05) and 3D Heisenberg model (x=0.1), indicating that their ferromagnetic coupling may be the result of the short-range interactions between spins in this system. The maximum magnetic entropy changes reach values of 3.99 J/(kg·K), 2.81 J/(kg·K) and 4.20 J/(kg·K) at the magnetic field of 7T, and the relative cooling power (RCP) values of La0.7-x
Gd
x
Ca0.3MnO3 (x=0, 0.05, 0.1) are 478.8 J/kg, 431.1 J/kg and 536.98 J/kg respectively.
On the masses of A = 54 isospin septet and the isobaric multiplet mass equation *
Authors: Li Hong-Fu , Xu Xing , Wang Meng , Zhang Yu-Hu , Fu Chao-Yi , Huang Wen-Jia 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Using the ground-state mass of 52Ni and two-proton decay energy of 54Zn, the ground-state mass excess of 54Zn is deduced to be –6504(85) keV. This value is about 2 MeV lower than the prediction of the quadratic form of the isobaric multiplet mass equation (IMME). A cubic fit to the existing mass data of the

,

isospin multiplet yields a surprisingly large d coefficient of IMME, i.e.,

, being

deviated from zero, and the resultant

ratio significantly deviates from the systematics. This phenomenon is analyzed in this study, and we conclude that the breakdown of the quadratic form of IMME could be likely due to the mis-assignment of the

isobaric analog state (IAS) in the

nucleus 54Fe or extremely strong isospin mixing.
Effects of a kaonic meson on the ground-state properties of nuclei *
Authors: Guo Jing , Chen D. H. , Zhou Xian-Rong , Chen Q. B. , Schulze H.-J. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The effects of an additional

meson on the ground-state properties of nuclei are investigated within an axially-deformed Skyrme-Hartree-Fock approach combined with a Skyrme-type kaon-nucleon interaction. The

meson increases the binding energies of all nuclei, whereas it affects deformations only for light nuclei without shell closure. The nucleon drip lines are modified due to the strongly attractive

interaction. This is attributed to the behavior of the highest-occupied nucleon single-particle levels near the drip lines, which is analyzed in detail.
Defects properties and vacancy diffusion in Cu2MgSnS4
Authors: Tse Kin Fai , Wang Shengyuan , Wong Man Hoi , Zhu Junyi 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) is a promising photovoltaic absorber material, however, efficiency is largely hindered by potential fluctuation and a band tailing problem due to the abundance of defect complexes and low formation energy of an intrinsic CuZn defect. Alternatives to CZTS by group I, II, or IV element replacement to circumvent this challenge has grown research interest. In this work, using a hybrid (HSE06) functional, we demonstrated the qualitative similarity of defect thermodynamics and electronic properties in Cu2MgSnS4 (CMTS) to CZTS. We show SnMg to be abundant when in Sn- and Cu-rich condition, which can be detrimental, while defect properties are largely similar to CZTS in Sn- and Cu-poor. Under Sn- and Cu-poor chemical potential, there is a general increase in formation energy in most defects except SnMg, CuMg remains as the main contribution to p-type carriers, and SnMg may be detrimental because of a deep defect level in the mid gap and the possibility of forming defect complex SnMg+MgSn. Vacancy diffusion is studied using generalized gradient approximation, and we find similar vacancy diffusion properties for Cu vacancy and lower diffusion barrier for Mg vacancy, which may reduce possible Cu-Mg disorder in CMTS. These findings further confirm the feasibility of CMTS as an alternative absorber material to CZTS and suggest the possibility for tuning defect properties of CZTS, which is crucial for high photovoltaic performance.
Transparent conductive stannic oxide coatings employing an ultrasonic spray pyrolysis technique: The relevance of the molarity content in the aerosol solution for improvement the electrical properties
Authors: Castañeda L. 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Highly transparent conductive stoichiometric nanocrystalline stannic oxide coatings were deposited onto Corning® EAGLE XG® slim glass substrates. Including each coating, it was deposited for various concentrations in the aerosol solution with the substrate temperature maintained at 623.15 K by an ultrasonic spray pyrolysis (USP) technique. Nitrogen was employed both as the solution carrier in addition to aerosol directing gas, maintaining its flow rates at 3500.0 and 500.0 mL/min, respectively. The coatings were polycrystalline, with preferential growth along the stannic oxide (112) plane, irrespective of the molarity content in the spray solution. The coating prepared at 0.2 M, a concentration in the aerosol solution, showed an average transmission of 60% in the visible light region spectrum with a maximum conductivity of 24.86 S/cm. The coatings deposited exhibited in the general photoluminescence spectrum emission colors of green, greenish white, and bluish white calculated on the intensities of the excitonic and oxygen vacancy defect level emissions.
New metrological capabilities for measurements of dynamic liquid flows
Authors: Warnecke H , Kroner C , Ogheard F , Kondrup J B , Christoffersen N , Benková M , Büker O , Haack S , Huovinen M , Ünsal B 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The capability to calibrate flow and volume devices dynamically has gained increasing interest over the years. Within the scope of the EMPIR project 17IND13 ‘Metrology for real-world domestic water metering’, several test rigs were developed with which dynamic flow profiles can be generated and measured that reflect characteristics of real-world drinking water consumption. The dynamic component of the test rigs is realized based on different technologies such as valves, cavitation nozzles or piston provers. For validation purposes, an intercomparison of the test rigs was carried out in the scope of an EURAMET pilot study no. 1506. Between September 2020 and February 2021, a transfer standard specially developed for the intercomparison was calibrated at eight laboratories. The measurement error was determined for three dynamic flow profiles representative of drinking water consumption in Europe. In addition to determining the measurement errors and the degree of equivalence, five additional key parameters were derived to characterize the test rig properties: (1) repeatability of the profile measurements, (2) mean value of the residuals, (3) deviation between measured total mass and total mass resulting from the given profile and (4) duration of the flow change for an increasing change (5) and duration of the flow change for a decreasing change. These key parameters comprehensively describe the quality with which the dynamic flow profiles were generated and measured on the test rigs and can be used for evaluations in future intercomparisons of this kind. A main outcome of the intercomparison is that there is no technology to be preferred in terms of technical implementation. All test rigs agree well with each other, taking into account their expanded measurement uncertainties.
Role of NBI fuelling in contributing to density peaking between the ICRH and NBI identity plasmas on JET
Authors: Tala T. , Eriksson F. , Mantica P. , Mariani A. , Salmi A. , Solano E.R. , Carvalho I.S. , Chomiczewska A. , Delabie E. , Ferreira J. , Fransson E. , Horvath L. , Jacquet P. , King D. , Kirjasuo A. , Leerink S. , Lerche E. , Maggi C. , Marin M. , Maslov M. , Menmuir S. , Morales R.B. , Naulin V. , Nave M.F.F. , Nordman H. , Perez von Thun C. , Schneider P.A. , Sertoli M. , Tanaka K. , Contributors JET 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Density peaking has been studied between an ICRH and NBI identity plasma in JET. The comparison shows that 8 MW of NBI heating/fueling increases the density peaking by a factor of two, being R/L
n = 0.45 for the ICRH pulse and R/L
n = 0.93 for the NBI one averaged radially over ρ
tor = 0.4, 0.8. The dimensionless profiles of q, ρ
*, υ
*, β
n and T
i/T
e ≈ 1 were matched within 5% difference except in the central part of the plasma (ρ
tor < 0.3). The difference in the curvature pinch (same q-profile) and thermo-pinch (T
i = T
e) between the ICRH and NBI discharges is virtually zero. Both the gyro-kinetic simulations and integrated modelling strongly support the experimental result where the NBI fuelling is the main contributor to the density peaking for this identity pair. It is to be noted here that the integrated modeling does not reproduce the measured electron density profiles, but approximately reproduces the difference in the density profiles between the ICRH and NBI discharge. Based on these modelling results and the analyses, the differences between the two pulses in impurities, fast ions (FIs), toroidal rotation and radiation do not cause any such changes in the background transport that would invalidate the experimental result where the NBI fuelling is the main contributor to the density peaking. This result of R/L
n increasing by a factor of 2 per 8 MW of NBI power is valid for the ion temperature gradient dominated low power H-mode plasmas. However, some of the physics processes influencing particle transport, like rotation, turbulence and FI content scale with power, and therefore, the simple scaling on the role of the NBI fuelling in JET is not necessarily the same under higher power conditions or in larger devices.
Dual drug delivery collagen vehicles for modulation of skin fibrosis in vitro
Authors: Coentro João Q , di Nubila Alessia , May Ulrike , Prince Stuart , Zwaagstra John , Järvinen Tero A H , Zeugolis Dimitrios I 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Single molecule drug delivery systems have failed to yield functional therapeutic outcomes, triggering investigations into multi-molecular drug delivery vehicles. In the context of skin fibrosis, although multi-drug systems have been assessed, no system has assessed molecular combinations that directly and specifically reduce cell proliferation, collagen synthesis and transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1) expression. Herein, a core–shell collagen type I hydrogel system was developed for the dual delivery of a TGFβ trap, a soluble recombinant protein that inhibits TGFβ signalling, and Trichostatin A (TSA), a small molecule inhibitor of histone deacetylases. The antifibrotic potential of the dual delivery system was assessed in an in vitro skin fibrosis model induced by macromolecular crowding (MMC) and TGFβ1. Sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and high performance liquid chromatography analyses revealed that ∼50% of the TGFβ trap and ∼30% of the TSA were released from the core and shell compartments, respectively, of the hydrogel system after 10 d (longest time point assessed) in culture. As a direct consequence of this slow release, the core (TGFβ trap)/shell (TSA) hydrogel system induced significantly (p < 0.05) lower than the control group (MMC and TGFβ1) collagen type I deposition (assessed via SDS-PAGE and immunocytochemistry), α smooth muscle actin (αSMA) expression (assessed via immunocytochemistry) and cellular proliferation (assessed via DNA quantification) and viability (assessed via calcein AM and ethidium homodimer-I staining) after 10 d in culture. On the other hand, direct TSA-TGFβ supplementation induced the lowest (p < 0.05) collagen type I deposition, αSMA expression and cellular proliferation and viability after 10 d in culture. Our results illustrate the potential of core–shell collagen hydrogel systems for sustained delivery of antifibrotic molecules.
Spatio-temporal assessing of natural vegetation regulation on SO2 absorption coupling ecosystem process model and OMI satellite data
Authors: Zhao Fen , Yang Peng , Li Renqiang , Shang Hua , Xia Lang , Hu Mengmeng , Xu Ming 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Quantifying the contribution of natural ecosystems on air quality regulation can help to lay the foundation for ecological construction, and to promote the sustainable development of natural ecosystems. To identify the spatio-temporal dynamic changes of natural vegetation regulation on SO2 absorption and the underlying mechanism of these changes in Qinghai Province, an important ecological barrier and the unique natural ecosystems, the Biome-BGC model was improved to simulate the canopy conductance to SO2 and leaf area index (LAI) on the daily scale, and then the SO2 absorption by vegetation was estimated coupling SO2 concentration from satellite data. Our results showed that the annual average SO2 absorption of the natural ecosystems in Qinghai Province was 4.74 × 104 tons yr−1 from 2005 to 2018, accounting for about 40% of the total emissions. Spatially, the ecosystem service of SO2 absorption gradually decreased from southeast to northwest, and varied from 0 in Haixi state to 14.37 kg SO2 ha−1 yr−1 in Haibei state. The annual average SO2 absorption in unit area was 0.68 kg SO2 ha−1 yr−1, and significantly higher SO2 absorption was observed in summer with 0.45 kg SO2 ha−1 quarterly. The canopy conductance and LAI controlled by climate variables would be the dominant driving factors for the variation of SO2 absorption for natural ecosystems. The sensitivity analysis showed that SO2 concentration contributed more to the uncertainties of SO2 absorption than the conductance in this study. Our results could provide powerful supports for realistic eco-environmental policy and decision making.
Analysis of the contingency of traits in Rubus L. in connection with further selection
Authors: Aniskina T S , Ladyzhenskaya O V , Kryuchkova V A 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
Blackberries are a valuable and promising berry crop that has spread in Europe and America. In Russia, breeding is at an early stage of development, which has led to the production of a single variety so far. In this regard, the goal of the study was set - to determine the conjugation of quantitative traits of blackberries for further selection. The article studied 8 varieties of blackberries ('Karaka Black', 'Natches', 'Loch Tay', 'Columbia Star', 'Ark Prime Freedom', 'Black Gem', 'Black Magic', 'Heaven Can Wait') in the collection of the nursery in the south of Russia. The relationships between the following quantitative traits were studied: yield, weight of berries, length of berries, amount of sugars, average number of drupes per fruit, length and width of central leaflet, length of petiole, thickness of petiole, number of leaflets, average height of replacement shoots, total length of replacement shoots, potential the number of cuttings from one bush and the number of fruits on the lateral. Correlation analysis was used to identify reliable connections between the signs. Found a strong positive relationship between berry length and weight, as well as the average number of drupes per fruit. The amount of sugars in a close positive relationship with the number of leaves. Also interrelated are the average number of replacement shoots per plant, the total length of replacement shoots and the potential number of cuttings per bush. A negative weak relationship was noted between pairs of traits: berry length and average number of replacement shoots; berry length and potential number of cuttings per bush; the width of the central leaflet and the number of fruits on the lateral.
Free choice of food for welfare of a limited population of two year old carp (Cyprinus carpio L.)
Authors: Panov V P , Mustaev S B , Zolotova A V , Safonov A V , Safonova S S 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
The article provides data on the use of auto-feeders for the free choice of compound feed of different composition by two-year-old carp. Self-feeding is one of the ways that make it possible for fish to receive the necessary nutrition, depending on their biological rhythms, regardless of the desire of a person. This method takes into account the concept of “appetite”, which has a significant impact on the rate of feed intake, thus providing the basis for the wellbeing of aquatic organisms. At the same time, the behavior of fish changes, which makes it possible to use food resources more advantageously for gaining body weight, which has been repeatedly shown. The production quality of fish depends not only on the method of feeding, but also on the composition of the feed, which meets the needs for nutrients and promotes their intensive growth. Low-calorie food K-111 does not allow two-year-old carp to show their potential, as evidenced by a smaller mass of fish than when using high-calorie Carp 38/12. Two-year-old carp fed a feed complex with different energy content do not grow the same way. From 18.06 to 11.10, the mass of the studied fish increased in variants I, II and III by 4.6; 7.9 and 9.8 times, and the length - by 66.1; 75.5 and 96.8%, respectively. The number of white muscles for 5 months of carp growing when using K-111 compound feeds increases by 11.3%; Carp 38/12 - does not change and K-111 together with 38/12 - by 17.6% (P<0.05). By loading auto feeders with only one type of feed, a person deprives the fish of the right to choose, and it must only eat it "without appetite." This, accordingly, affects metabolic processes, and, ultimately, growth in general. This is evidenced by our experimental results. When caught, the average weight of carp with combined feeding was 1220 g, which is 2.1 and 1.2 times higher than in fish from options I and II, respectively. Free choice of food allows you to grow fish with a high yield of muscle mass, due to a higher growth rate. When giving a choice, carp prefers high-calorie food (approximately ¾ of the diet), but at the same time does not neglect low-calorie food in a certain proportion (1/4 of the diet). The use of different quality feeds in one pond allows, in our opinion, to comply to a large extent with the Welfare conditions when raising fish. Thus, the use of automatic feeders with different rations in one pond enables the fish to fulfill their needs for a particular food. Such studies make it possible to identify favorable feeding conditions for the cultivation of various types of fish.
Research results on the use of plant growth regulator Triacontanol in winter wheat crops in the conditions of the Lower Volga region
Authors: Ivanchenko T V , Belikina A V 
Published: February 2022

Abstract
To determine of the most effective dose of Triacontanol treatment for foliar cultivation of crops in the tillering and heading phases of winter wheat and its effect on yield and grain quality. Triacontanol is a natural plant growth regulator capable of increasing crop yields, their growth by accelerating photosynthesis, protein biosynthesis. Make an analysis of the influence of different doses of Triacontanol on the duration of the phases of development of winter wheat. Reach the determination of the effect of different doses of Triacontanol on the yield and quality of winter wheat grain. The data on the study and determination of the most effective dose of Triacontanol treatment for foliar cultivation of crops in the tillering and heading phases of winter wheat and its effect on yield and grain quality are presented. Triacontanol is a natural plant which has growth regulator capable of increasing crop yields, their growth by accelerating photosynthesis, protein biosynthesis; The doses of Triacontanol and their effect on the duration of the phases of development of winter wheat have been determined; The influence of various doses of Triacontanol on the yield and grain quality of winter wheat has been established. The stages of tillering-earing development were chosen, because during this period, active development of plants takes place: the formation of main and lateral stems, the development of the vegetative mass and generative organs of wheat, therefore it is important and necessary to support their growth and development.