bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of non-communicable disease risk factors in Finland: projections up to 2040
Authors: Tolonen Hanna , Reinikainen Jaakko , Zhou Zhi , Härkänen Tommi , Männistö Satu , Jousilahti Pekka , Paalanen Laura , Lundqvist Annamari , Laatikainen Tiina 
Published: July 2022

Background: Non-communicable diseases are a major cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. They share the same behavioural risk factors (smoking, sedentary behaviour, alcohol consumption and an unhealthy diet), all of which are modifiable risk factors, and biological consequences (hypertension, elevated total cholesterol, obesity and diabetes). Methods: Using data from a series of cross-sectional health examination surveys conducted among the adult population in Finland from 1997 to 2017, a projection of risk factor development (smoking, leisure time sedentary behaviour, hypertension, elevated total cholesterol, overweight and obesity, and diabetes) up to the year 2040 was made. The projections were estimated using a multiple imputation method. Results: Smoking prevalence is estimated to continue to decline up to 2040, similar to hypertension and elevated total cholesterol. By contrast, obesity and diabetes will develop unfavourably, with an increase in prevalence. The increase in obesity is mainly due to polarisation – that is, normal-weight people remain of a normal weight, but overweight people tend to gain more weight and become obese. The observed and estimated changes for leisure time sedentary lifestyle were not statistically significant. Conclusions: Projections of risk factors for non-communicable diseases are needed to guide public health policies and programmes, decision-making and the allocation of health care resources for prevention and care. In Finland, favourable developments have been seen in many of the risk factors, but obesity and diabetes show unfavourable development. There is a need to continue regular, systematic monitoring of the development of risk factors through health examination surveys and to set national goals and programmes to tackle the existing problems.
Incidence and risk factors of anastomotic complications after lung transplantation
Authors: Delbove Agathe , Senage Thomas , Gazengel Pierre , Tissot Adrien , Lacoste Philippe , Cellerin Laurent , Perigaud Christian , Danner-Boucher Isabelle , Cavailles Arnaud , Lepoivre Thierry , Mugniot Antoine , Nicolet Johanna , Horeau-Langlard Delphine , Groleau Nicolas , Fedun Yannick , Rozec Bertrand , Magnan Antoine , Roussel Jean-Christian , Blanc François-Xavier 
Published: July 2022

Background: Anastomotic complications are common after lung transplantation (1.4–33% of cases) and still associated with a high morbi-mortality. Methods: The current study is a monocenter retrospective analysis of symptomatic anastomotic complications (SAC) occurring after lung transplantation between 2010 and 2016, using the macroscopic, diameter, and suture (M-D-S) classification from consensus of French experts in bronchoscopy. The objectives were to determine incidence from surgery, risk factors, and impact of survival of SAC. We defined SAC as M-D-S abnormalities (stenosis ⩾ 50% or dehiscence) requiring bronchoscopic or surgical interventions. Results: A total of 121 patients were included. SAC occurred in 26.5% of patients ( n = 32), divided in symptomatic stenosis for 23.7% ( n = 29), and symptomatic dehiscence in 2.5% ( n = 3). In multivariate analysis, donor bacterial lung infection [HR 2.08 (1.04–4.17), p = 0.04] and age above 50 years [HR 3.26 (1.04–10.26), p = 0.04] were associated with SAC occurrence. Cystic fibrosis etiology was associated with better survival on Kaplan–Meier curve ( p < 0.001). SAC [HR 2.15 (1.07–4.32), p = 0.03] was independently associated with worst survival. The 29 symptomatic patients because of stenosis required endoscopic procedure, of whom 16 patients needed bronchial stent placement. Four patients underwent surgery: three patients because of dehiscence and one because of severe bilateral stenosis (re-transplantation). Discussion: SAC occurred in 26.5% of patients. Donor lung infection was the only alterable identified factors. The increase rate of SAC in older patients above 50 years of age encourages in regular endoscopic monitoring.
Association of COPD exacerbations and acute cardiovascular events: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Müllerová Hana , Marshall Jonathan , de Nigris Enrico , Varghese Precil , Pooley Nick , Embleton Nina , Nordon Clementine , Marjenberg Zoe 
Published: July 2022

Background: The majority of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) suffer from comorbid cardiovascular (CV) disease. Accumulating evidence suggests a temporal association between COPD exacerbations and acute CV events, possibly due to lung hyperinflation, increased hypoxemia and systemic inflammation. The aims of the study were to estimate the risk of (1) acute CV events [acute myocardial infarction (AMI), CV-related death] or stroke in the months following a COPD exacerbation and (2) COPD exacerbation in the months following an acute CV event. Methods: A systematic literature review of observational studies published since 2000 was conducted by searching literature databases (Medline and Embase). Studies were eligible if conducted in adults with COPD, exposed to either COPD exacerbation or acute CV events, with outcomes of acute CV events or COPD exacerbation reported. Studies were appraised for relevance, bias and quality. Meta-analyses, using random-effect models, were performed for each outcome of interest, thus providing a pooled relative risk (RR) and its 95% confidence interval. Results: Eight studies were identified, of which seven were used for the meta-analyses examining the risk of CV events 1–3 months after an exacerbation compared with none. For stroke (six studies), RR was 1.68 (95% CI = 1.19–2.38). For AMI (six studies), RR was 2.43 (95% CI = 1.40–4.20). No studies exploring risk of exacerbation following an acute CV event were identified. Conclusion: This meta-analysis identified a markedly increased risk of stroke or AMI within a relatively short period of time following a COPD exacerbation. Although the underlying mechanisms are not fully elucidated, patients with COPD should be monitored for risk of CV outcomes after exacerbations. In addition, preventing exacerbations may decrease the risk of subsequent acute CV events. Registration: The study protocol was published via PROSPERO: International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (#CRD42020211055).
Efficacy of mRNA anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and dynamics of humoral immune response in patients with solid tumors: results from the institutional registry of an Italian tertiary cancer center
Authors: Fucà Giovanni , Lecchi Mara , Ciniselli Chiara Maura , Ottini Arianna , Spagnoletti Andrea , Mazzeo Laura , Morelli Daniele , Frati Paola , Stroscia Martina , Ebrahem Elisabella , Sottotetti Elisa , Galli Giulia , D’Elia Maria Grazia , Lobefaro Riccardo , Ducceschi Monika , Di Guardo Lorenza , Bhoori Sherrie , Provenzano Salvatore , Platania Marco , Niger Monica , Colombo Elena , Nichetti Federico , Duca Matteo , Rivoltini Licia , Mortarini Roberta , Baili Paolo , Apolone Giovanni , de Braud Filippo , Verderio Paolo , Damian Silvia 
Published: July 2022

Background: Systemic immunosuppression characterizing cancer patients represents a concern regarding the efficacy of anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccination, and real-world evidence is needed to define the efficacy and the dynamics of humoral immune response to mRNA-based anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. Methods: We conducted an observational study that included patients with solid tumors who were candidates for mRNA anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination at the Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy. The primary objective was to monitor the immunologic response to the mRNA anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in terms of anti-spike antibody levels. All the patients received two doses of the mRNA-1273 vaccine or the BNT162b2 vaccine. Healthcare workers served as a control group of healthy subjects. Results: Among the 243 patients included in the present analysis, 208 (85.60%) and 238 (97.94%) resulted seroconverted after the first and the second dose of vaccine, respectively. Only five patients (2.06%) had a negative titer after the second dose. No significant differences in the rate of seroconversion after two vaccine doses were observed in patients as compared with the control group of healthy subjects. Age and anticancer treatment class had an independent impact on the antibody titer after the second dose of vaccination. In a subgroup of 171 patients with available data about the third timepoint, patients receiving immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors seem to have a higher peak of antibodies soon after the second dose (3 weeks after), but a more pronounced decrease at a late timepoint (3 months after). Conclusions: The systemic immunosuppression characterizing cancer patients did not seem to dramatically affect the humoral response to anti-SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines in our population of patients with solid tumors. Further investigation is needed to dissect the interplay between immunotherapy and longitudinal dynamics of humoral response to mRNA vaccines, as well as to analyze the cellular response to mRNA vaccines in cancer patients.
Evolving epidemiology of HIV/AIDS in Campania region, 2011–2018: Is HIV/AIDS population in Campania different?
Authors: Fusco Francesco Maria , Sangiovanni Nadia , Mascolo Silvia , Carleo Maria Aurora , Sardo Massimo , Viglietti Rosaria , Parrella Giovanni , Tambaro Orsola , Iodice Valentina , Di Flumeri Giusy , Menna Anna , Galano Assunta , Laudiero Anna , Mariniello Antonietta , De Cenzo Milena , Manzillo Elio , Esposito Vincenzo , Chirianni Antonio , Sangiovanni Vincenzo 
Published: July 2022

Objectives: Data on HIV/AIDS cases in Italy are collected using a standardised form. Regional epidemiology may vary. We described the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of newly diagnosed persons with HIV in the ‘Cotugno’ hospital in Naples during 2011–2018 and compared them with national data to identify similarities and differences. Methods: Data source for the Campania region is the data collection forms sent to the national surveillance system. The data source for the national data is from the periodic annual bulletins on HIV/AIDS published by the National Institute of Health. Results: In all, 1149 persons with HIV were diagnosed in ‘Cotugno’ (69.7% of those diagnosed in Campania). Persons with HIV in Campania showed many similarities with the Italian population: men were in the majority in both groups (about 75%), foreign origin was about 30%, heterosexuals were the most represented risk group, followed by men who have sex with men and injecting drug use in both samples. Some notable differences are also present. Among the risk factors for HIV acquisition, injecting drug use is significantly more common in Campania. Among the reasons for testing, significant differences are evident for almost all reasons, with screening activities (testing for concurrent diseases, for diagnosis of sexually transmitted diseases, screening in hospital during maternity care and screening in drug-addition services or prisons) being more common at the national level. The Campania population has a more severe disease pattern, with a significantly higher proportion of patients diagnosed with less than 200 CD4 cells/µL and AIDS. For each variable, we compared trends in the Campania region and in Italy using Spearman’s correlation coefficient. Almost all trends show a weak correlation. Conclusion: In conclusion, the prevalence of injecting drug use is still consistent, and requires specific campaigns. The reasons for testing are different: screening activities work less in Campania than in Italy. This untimely approach contributes to a more severe clinical picture in Campania.
Dialysis Patients’ Preferences on Resuscitation: A Cross-Sectional Study Design
Authors: Alzayer Husam , Geraghty Annette M. , Sebastian Kuruvilla K. , Panesar Hardarsh , Reddan Donal N. 
Published: July 2022

Background: End-stage kidney disease is associated with a 10- to 100-fold increase in cardiovascular mortality compared with age-, sex-, and race-matched population. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in this cohort has poor outcomes and leads to increased functional morbidity. Objective: The aim of this study is to assess patients’ preferences toward CPR and advance care planning (ACP). Design: cross-sectional study design. Setting: Two outpatient dialysis units. Patients: Adults undergoing dialysis for more than 3 months were included. Exclusion criteria were severe cognitive impairment or non-English-speaking patients. Measurements: A structured interview with the use of Willingness to Accept Life-Sustaining Treatment (WALT) tool. Methods: Demographic data were collected, and baseline Montreal Cognitive Assessment, Patient Health Questionnaire–9, Duke Activity Status Index, Charlson comorbidity index, and WALT instruments were used. Descriptive analysis, chi-square, and t test were performed along with probability plot for testing hypotheses. Results: Seventy participants were included in this analysis representing a 62.5% response rate. There was a clear association between treatment burden, anticipated clinical outcome, and the likelihood of that outcome with patient preferences. Low-burden treatment with expected return to baseline was associated with 98.5% willingness to accept treatment, whereas high-burden treatment with expected return to baseline was associated with 94.2% willingness. When the outcome was severe functional or cognitive impairment, then 45.7% and 28.5% would accept low-burden treatment, respectively. The response changed based on the likelihood of the outcome. In terms of resuscitation, more than 75% of the participants would be in favor of receiving CPR and mechanical ventilation at their current health state. Over 94% of patients stated they had never discussed ACP, whereas 59.4% expressed their wish to discuss this with their primary nephrologist. Limitations: Limited generalizability due to lack of diversity. Unclear decision stability due to changes in health status and patients’ priorities. Conclusions: ACP should be incorporated in managing chronic kidney disease (CKD) to improve communication and encourage patient involvement.
Complications of alcohol injections for Morton’s neuroma
Authors: Ortu Sebastiano , Fiori Enrico , Bagnoli Ignazio , Valente Angiola , Pisanu Francesco , Caggiari Gianfilippo , Doria Carlo , Milano Luigi 
Published: July 2022

Introduction Morton’s neuroma (MN) is a neuropathic metatarsalgia that causes pain in the plantar aspect of the forefoot generally between the third and fourth metatarsal heads. Treatment can be nonoperative or surgical. Among nonoperative procedures, alcohol injections are still commonly used as considered simple, relatively safe and well-tolerated treatment. However, they present transient and minor complications. Methods Two hundred patients with a diagnosis of MN underwent ultrasound-guided injections with a 47.5% alcohol solution between 2013 and 2020. We reviewed the current literature to highlight the known complications of this treatment, comparing them to the complications developed by our patients. Results Three patients out of 200 patients, developed necrosis of skin and subcutaneous tissue not described in previous studies about MN. Conclusions Our study focuses attention on the complications subsequent to the alcohol injection therapy for MN. Patients and surgeons should be aware that in a small number of cases this therapy can be burdened by necrotic complications of the skin.
Locational Strategy of Special Economic Zones in India
Authors: Chakraborty Tamali 
Published: July 2022

The establishment of special economic zones (SEZs) in Indian districts is intended to bring rapid economic growth to India. However, the data on SEZs show that SEZs are concentrated in only a few Indian districts and thus aggravate the problem of regional inequality. In this paper, the strategy of concentration of SEZs is analysed with a backdrop of the new economic geography theory. The data of the variables are extracted from Census 2011 and other sources for all 640 districts. The Tobit model is used to determine the locational factors behind the establishment of the SEZs in a district of India. The results show that the variables such as urbanization, distance from megacity, districts with a seaport and districts with airports have a significant impact on the number of SEZ approvals as well as SEZ notifications. The concentration of SEZs is mainly due to favourable market and infrastructural conditions. JEL codes: O10, C24, D63
Do mergers and acquisitions disrupt marketing capabilities?
Authors: Reddy Rama Krishna , Park Sung-Jin , Bindroo Vishal 
Published: July 2022

Motivated by the resource-based view (RBV) of the firm, this study explores whether mergers and acquisitions (M&As) can facilitate or impede a firm’s marketing capabilities. Furthermore, this study also examines whether the influence of M&As on a firm’s marketing capabilities is conditional to the type of deals, that is, domestic versus cross-border acquisitions. Using the difference-in-differences research design with a large sample of 15,509 firm-year observations for 898 US public acquirers, this study tests the postacquisition changes in a firm’s marketing capabilities as reflected in the sensitivity of sales revenue to marketing-related expenditure. The results of the empirical tests show a postacquisition increase in sales sensitivity, suggesting that firms can enhance their marketing capabilities through M&As. However, it is also found that the enhancement in marketing capabilities is limited to domestic M&As and disappears for cross-border acquisitions. This result suggests that more salient differences in a firm’s marketing environment attributable to cross-border acquisitions may disrupt a firm’s marketing capabilities and dampen the positive effect of M&As. Fields of Specialization: Strategic management, marketing JEL CLASSIFICATION: G34; L25; M30
High thrombus platelet content is associated with a lower rate of first pass effect in stroke treated by endovascular therapy
Authors: Delvoye François , Di Meglio Lucas , Consoli Arturo , Nomenjanahary Mialitiana Solo , Dupont Sébastien , Labreuche Julien , Maier Benjamin , Piotin Michel , Blanc Raphael , Escalard Simon , Boursin Perrine , Hamdani Mylène , Redjem Hocine , Smajda Stanislas , Hébert Solène , Sabben Candice , de Noordhout Alain Maertens , Jandrot-Perrus Martine , Lapergue Bertrand , Mazighi Mikael , Ho-Tin-Noé Benoit , Desilles Jean-Philippe 
Published: July 2022

Background and purpose: First pass effect (FPE), the occurrence of complete reperfusion after one pass with no rescue attempt during endovascular therapy (EVT), is associated with the best clinical outcome after an acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Previous studies evaluating FPE occurrence according to EVT technical strategies, occlusion locations, or thrombus composition have provided controversial results. Here, we performed a correlation analysis between FPE occurrence and AIS thrombus cellular composition, as assessed using quantitative biochemical assays. Patients and methods: Homogenates of AIS thrombi from 250 patients were prepared by mechanical grinding. Platelet, red blood cell (RBC), and leukocyte contents of AIS thrombi were respectively estimated by quantification of GP (glycoprotein) VI, heme, and DNA in thrombus homogenates. FPE was defined as a modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infraction (mTICI) score of 2C or 3 after a single EVT device pass. Results: AIS thrombi successfully removed after a single pass were poorer in GPVI (0.098 ± 0.023 vs 0.111 ± 0.024 ng/mg, p < 0.001) compared to those whose removal had required several passes. GPVI content was also significantly associated with a higher number of device passes and a longer procedure time. No such significant correlation was found with DNA and heme content. Discussion and conclusion: Thrombus platelet content may hamper thrombus removal by EVT. This result suggests that adjunctive therapies or functionalization of retrieval devices targeting platelets may improve EVT efficacy.
Granulocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells to prevent and treat murine immune-mediated bone marrow failure
Authors: Feng Xingmin , Kim Jisoo , Gonzalez-Matias Gladys , Aggarwal Nidhi , Manley Ash Lee , Wu Zhijie , Solorzano Sabrina , Batchu Sai , Gao Shouguo , Chen Jichun , Young Neal S. 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are immature myeloid cells that originate in the bone marrow (BM) and have immunoregulatory functions. MDSCs have been implicated in the pathogenesis of several autoimmune diseases but have not been investigated in immune aplastic anemia (AA). We examined the roles of granulocytic-MDSCs (G-MDSCs) in murine models of human AA and BM failure (BMF). As both prophylaxis and therapy, BM-derived G-MDSCs improved pancytopenia and BM cellularity and suppressed BM T-cell infiltration in major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-matched C.B10 BMF mice. These effects were not obtained in the MHC-mismatched CByB6F1 AA model, likely because of MHC disparity between G-MDSCs and donor T cells. Single-cell RNA sequencing demonstrated that G-MDSCs downregulated cell cycle–related genes in BM-infiltrated T cells, consistent with suppression of T-cell proliferation by G-MDSCs through reactive oxygen species pathways. Clearance of G-MDSCs in the MHC-mismatched CByB6F1 model using anti-Ly6G antibody facilitated T cell–mediated BM destruction, suggesting an intrinsic immunosuppressive property of G-MDSCs. However, the same anti-Ly6G antibody in the MHC-matched C.B10 AA model mildly mitigated BMF, associated with expansion of an intermediate Ly6G population. Our results demonstrate that G-MDSC eradication and therapeutic efficacy are immune context-dependent.
Genetic and immunohistochemical profiling of NK/T-cell lymphomas reveals prognostically relevant BCOR-MYC association
Authors: Oishi Naoki , Satou Akira , Miyaoka Masashi , Kawashima Ichiro , Segawa Takahiro , Miyake Kunio , Mochizuki Kunio , Kirito Keita , Feldman Andrew L. , Nakamura Naoya , Kondo Tetsuo 
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type (ENKTL) is an Epstein-Barr virus-positive, aggressive lymphoma with a heterogeneous cell of origin and variable clinical course. Several clinical prognostic indices have been proposed for ENKTL; however, there are few pathological biomarkers. This multi-institutional study sought to identify histologically assessable prognostic factors. We investigated mutation profiles by targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS) and immunohistochemical assessments of expression of MYC, Tyr705-phosphorylated (p-)STAT3, and CD30 in 71 ENKTL samples. The median age of the patients was 66 years (range, 6-100). The most frequent mutations were in STAT3 (27%), JAK3 (4%), KMT2D (19%), TP53 (13%), BCOR (10%), and DDX3X (7%). Immunohistochemistry (IHC) revealed that ENKTLs with STAT3 mutations exhibited higher expression of pSTAT3 and CD30. BCOR mutations were associated with increased MYC expression. Univariate analysis in the entire cohort showed that stage (II, III, or IV), BCOR mutations, TP53 mutations, and high MYC expression (defined as ≥40% positive neoplastic cells) were associated with reduced overall survival (OS). Multivariate modeling identified stage (II, III, or IV) and high MYC expression as independent adverse prognostic factors. In a subgroup analysis of patients treated with anthracycline (AC)-free chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy (RT) with curative intent, BCOR but not high MYC expression was an independent adverse prognostic factor. In conclusion, activating STAT3 mutations are common in ENKTLs and are associated with increased CD30 expression. MYC overexpression is, at least in part, associated with deleterious BCOR mutations, and this BCOR–MYC linkage may have prognostic significance, underscoring the potential utility of IHC for MYC in risk stratification of patients with ENKTL.