bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
NRSF/REST lies at the intersection between epigenetic regulation, miRNA-mediated gene control and neurodevelopmental pathways associated with Intellectual disability (ID) and Schizophrenia
Authors: Alsaqati Mouhamed , Davis Brittany A. , Wood Jamie , Jones Megan M. , Jones Lora , Westwood Aishah , Petter Olena , Isles Anthony R. , Linden David , Van den Bree Marianne , Owen Michael , Hall Jeremy , Harwood Adrian J. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractGenetic evidence indicates disrupted epigenetic regulation as a major risk factor for psychiatric disorders, but the molecular mechanisms that drive this association remain to be determined. EHMT1 is an epigenetic repressor that is causal for Kleefstra Syndrome (KS), a genetic disorder linked with neurodevelopmental disorders and associated with schizophrenia. Here, we show that reduced EHMT1 activity decreases NRSF/REST protein leading to abnormal neuronal gene expression and progression of neurodevelopment in human iPSC. We further show that EHMT1 regulates NRSF/REST indirectly via repression of miRNA and leads to aberrant neuronal gene regulation and neurodevelopment timing. Expression of a NRSF/REST mRNA that lacks the miRNA-binding sites restores neuronal gene regulation to EHMT1 deficient cells. Significantly, the EHMT1-regulated miRNA gene set not only controls NRSF/REST but is enriched for association for Intellectual Disability (ID) and schizophrenia. This reveals a broad molecular interaction between H3K9 demethylation, NSRF/REST regulation and risk for ID and Schizophrenia.
All-optical control of spin in a 2D van der Waals magnet
Authors: Da̧browski Maciej , Guo Shi , Strungaru Mara , Keatley Paul S. , Withers Freddie , Santos Elton J. G. , Hicken Robert J. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractTwo-dimensional (2D) van der Waals magnets provide new opportunities for control of magnetism at the nanometre scale via mechanisms such as strain, voltage and the photovoltaic effect. Ultrafast laser pulses promise the fastest and most energy efficient means of manipulating electron spin and can be utilized for information storage. However, little is known about how laser pulses influence the spins in 2D magnets. Here we demonstrate laser-induced magnetic domain formation and all-optical switching in the recently discovered 2D van der Waals ferromagnet CrI3. While the magnetism of bare CrI3 layers can be manipulated with single laser pulses through thermal demagnetization processes, all-optical switching is achieved in nanostructures that combine ultrathin CrI3 with a monolayer of WSe2. The out-of-plane magnetization is switched with multiple femtosecond pulses of either circular or linear polarization, while single pulses result in less reproducible and partial switching. Our results imply that spin-dependent interfacial charge transfer between the WSe2 and CrI3 is the underpinning mechanism for the switching, paving the way towards ultrafast optical control of 2D van der Waals magnets for future photomagnetic recording and device technology.
Human papillomavirus integration perspective in small cell cervical carcinoma
Authors: Wang Xiaoli , Jia Wenlong , Wang Mengyao , Liu Jihong , Zhou Xianrong , Liang Zhiqing , Zhang Qinghua , Long Sixiang , Quzhen Suolang , Li Xiangchun , Tian Qiang , Li Xiong , Sun Haiying , Zhao Caili , Meng Silu , Ning Ruoqi , Xi Ling , Wang Lin , Zhou Shasha , Zhang Jianwei , Wu Li , Chen Yile , Liu Aijun , Ma Yaqi , Zhao Xia , Cheng Xiaodong , Zhang Qing , Han Xiaobing , Pan Huaxiong , Zhang Yuan , Cao Lili , Wang Yiqin , Ling Shaoping , Cao Lihua , Xing Hui , Xu Chang , Sui Long , Wang Shixuan , Zhou Jianfeng , Kong Beihua , Xie Xing , Chen Gang , Li Shuaicheng , Ma Ding , Li Shuang 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSmall cell cervical carcinoma (SCCC) is a rare but aggressive malignancy. Here, we report human papillomavirus features and genomic landscape in SCCC via high-throughput HPV captured sequencing, whole-genome sequencing, whole-transcriptome sequencing, and OncoScan microarrays. HPV18 infections and integrations are commonly detected. Besides MYC family genes (37.9%), we identify SOX (8.4%), NR4A (6.3%), ANKRD (7.4%), and CEA (3.2%) family genes as HPV-integrated hotspots. We construct the genomic local haplotype around HPV-integrated sites, and find tandem duplications and amplified HPV long control regions (LCR). We propose three prominent HPV integration patterns: duplicating oncogenes (MYCN, MYC, and NR4A2), forming fusions (FGFR3–TACC3 and ANKRD12–NDUFV2), and activating genes (MYC) via the cis-regulations of viral LCRs. Moreover, focal CNA amplification peaks harbor canonical cancer genes including the HPV-integrated hotspots within MYC family, SOX2, and others. Our findings may provide potential molecular criteria for the accurate diagnosis and efficacious therapies for this lethal disease.
A combination of plasma membrane sterol biosynthesis and autophagy is required for shade-induced hypocotyl elongation
Authors: Ince Yetkin Çaka , Krahmer Johanna , Fiorucci Anne-Sophie , Trevisan Martine , Galvão Vinicius Costa , Wigger Leonore , Pradervand Sylvain , Fouillen Laetitia , Van Delft Pierre , Genva Manon , Mongrand Sebastien , Gallart-Ayala Hector , Ivanisevic Julijana , Fankhauser Christian 
Published: October 2022

AbstractPlant growth ultimately depends on fixed carbon, thus the available light for photosynthesis. Due to canopy light absorption properties, vegetative shade combines low blue (LB) light and a low red to far-red ratio (LRFR). In shade-avoiding plants, these two conditions independently trigger growth adaptations to enhance light access. However, how these conditions, differing in light quality and quantity, similarly promote hypocotyl growth remains unknown. Using RNA sequencing we show that these two features of shade trigger different transcriptional reprogramming. LB induces starvation responses, suggesting a switch to a catabolic state. Accordingly, LB promotes autophagy. In contrast, LRFR induced anabolism including expression of sterol biosynthesis genes in hypocotyls in a manner dependent on PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTORs (PIFs). Genetic analyses show that the combination of sterol biosynthesis and autophagy is essential for hypocotyl growth promotion in vegetative shade. We propose that vegetative shade enhances hypocotyl growth by combining autophagy-mediated recycling and promotion of specific lipid biosynthetic processes.
Ni-catalyzed carbamoylation of unactivated alkenes for stereoselective construction of six-membered lactams
Authors: Zhang Chenhuan , Wu Xianqing , Xia Tingting , Qu Jingping , Chen Yifeng 
Published: October 2022

AbstractNitrogen-based heterocycles have aroused widespread interest due to their reoccurrence in many pharmaceuticals. Amongst these motifs, the enantioenriched lactams are the ubiquitous scaffolds found in myriad biologically active natural products and drugs. Recently, the transition metal-catalyzed asymmetric carbamoylation has been widely employed as a straightforward arsenal for chiral lactam architecture synthesis, including β-lactam and γ-lactam. However, despite the extensive efforts, there still remains no protocol to accomplish the related δ-lactam synthesis. In this manuscript, the Ni-catalyzed enantioselective carbamoylation of unactivated alkenes by the leverage of reductive dicarbofunctionalization strategy allows for the expedient access to two types of mostly common six-membered lactams: 3,4-dihydroquinolinones and 2-piperidinone in high yield and enantioselectivity. This protocol features with good functional group tolerance, as well as broad substrate scope. The newly developed chiral 8-Quinox skeleton ligand is the key parameter for this transformation, which significantly enhances the reactivity and enantioselectivity.
ISG15 conjugation to proteins on nascent DNA mitigates DNA replication stress
Authors: Wardlaw Christopher P. , Petrini John H. J. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe pathways involved in suppressing DNA replication stress and the associated DNA damage are critical to maintaining genome integrity. The Mre11 complex is unique among double strand break (DSB) repair proteins for its association with the DNA replication fork. Here we show that Mre11 complex inactivation causes DNA replication stress and changes in the abundance of proteins associated with nascent DNA. One of the most highly enriched proteins at the DNA replication fork upon Mre11 complex inactivation was the ubiquitin like protein ISG15. Mre11 complex deficiency and drug induced replication stress both led to the accumulation of cytoplasmic DNA and the subsequent activation of innate immune signaling via cGAS-STING-Tbk1. This led toISG15induction and protein ISGylation, including constituents of the replication fork. ISG15 plays a direct role in preventing replication stress. Deletion ofISG15was associated with replication fork stalling, tonic ATR activation, genomic aberrations, and sensitivity to aphidicolin. These data reveal a previously unrecognized role for ISG15 in mitigating DNA replication stress and promoting genomic stability.
Switching p-type to high-performance n-type organic electrochemical transistors via doped state engineering
Authors: Li Peiyun , Shi Junwei , Lei Yuqiu , Huang Zhen , Lei Ting 
Published: October 2022

AbstractHigh-performance n-type organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) are essential for logic circuits and sensors. However, the performances of n-type OECTs lag far behind that of p-type ones. Conventional wisdom posits that the LUMO energy level dictates the n-type performance. Herein, we show that engineering the doped state is more critical for n-type OECT polymers. By balancing more charges to the donor moiety, we could effectively switch a p-type polymer to high-performance n-type material. Based on this concept, the polymer, P(gTDPP2FT), exhibits a record high n-type OECT performance with μC* of 54.8 F cm−1 V−1 s−1, mobility of 0.35 cm2 V−1 s−1, and response speed of τon/τoff = 1.75/0.15 ms. Calculations and comparison studies show that the conversion is primarily due to the more uniform charges, stabilized negative polaron, enhanced conformation, and backbone planarity at negatively charged states. Our work highlights the critical role of understanding and engineering polymers’ doped states.
Molecular characterization of renal cell carcinoma tumors from a phase III anti-angiogenic adjuvant therapy trial
Authors: Motzer Robert J. , Martini Jean-François , Mu Xinmeng J. , Staehler Michael , George Daniel J. , Valota Olga , Lin Xun , Pandha Hardev S. , Ching Keith A. , Ravaud Alain 
Published: October 2022

AbstractMultigene assays can provide insight into key biological processes and prognostic information to guide development and selection of adjuvant cancer therapy. We report a comprehensive genomic and transcriptomic analysis of tumor samples from 171 patients at high risk for recurrent renal cell carcinoma post nephrectomy from the S-TRAC trial (NCT00375674). We identify gene expression signatures, including STRAC11 (derived from the sunitinib-treated population). The overlap in key elements captured in these gene expression signatures, which include genes representative of the tumor stroma microenvironment, regulatory T cell, and myeloid cells, suggests they are likely to be both prognostic and predictive of the anti-angiogenic effect in the adjuvant setting. These signatures also point to the identification of potential therapeutic targets for development in adjuvant renal cell carcinoma, such as MERTK and TDO2. Finally, our findings suggest that while anti-angiogenic adjuvant therapy might be important, it may not be sufficient to prevent recurrence and that other factors such as immune response and tumor environment may be of greater importance.
Giant g-factors and fully spin-polarized states in metamorphic short-period InAsSb/InSb superlattices
Authors: Jiang Yuxuan , Ermolaev Maksim , Kipshidze Gela , Moon Seongphill , Ozerov Mykhaylo , Smirnov Dmitry , Jiang Zhigang , Suchalkin Sergey 
Published: October 2022

AbstractRealizing a large Landé g-factor of electrons in solid-state materials has long been thought of as a rewarding task as it can trigger abundant immediate applications in spintronics and quantum computing. Here, by using metamorphic InAsSb/InSb superlattices (SLs), we demonstrate an unprecedented high value of g ≈ 104, twice larger than that in bulk InSb, and fully spin-polarized states at low magnetic fields. In addition, we show that the g-factor can be tuned on demand from 20 to 110 via varying the SL period. The key ingredients of such a wide tunability are the wavefunction mixing and overlap between the electron and hole states, which have drawn little attention in prior studies. Our work not only establishes metamorphic InAsSb/InSb as a promising and competitive material platform for future quantum devices but also provides a new route toward g-factor engineering in semiconductor structures.
Inferring differential subcellular localisation in comparative spatial proteomics using BANDLE
Authors: Crook Oliver M. , Davies Colin T. R. , Breckels Lisa M. , Christopher Josie A. , Gatto Laurent , Kirk Paul D. W. , Lilley Kathryn S. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe steady-state localisation of proteins provides vital insight into their function. These localisations are context specific with proteins translocating between different subcellular niches upon perturbation of the subcellular environment. Differential localisation, that is a change in the steady-state subcellular location of a protein, provides a step towards mechanistic insight of subcellular protein dynamics. High-accuracy high-throughput mass spectrometry-based methods now exist to map the steady-state localisation and re-localisation of proteins. Here, we describe a principled Bayesian approach, BANDLE, that uses these data to compute the probability that a protein differentially localises upon cellular perturbation. Extensive simulation studies demonstrate that BANDLE reduces the number of both type I and type II errors compared to existing approaches. Application of BANDLE to several datasets recovers well-studied translocations. In an application to cytomegalovirus infection, we obtain insights into the rewiring of the host proteome. Integration of other high-throughput datasets allows us to provide the functional context of these data.
Elucidating tumor heterogeneity from spatially resolved transcriptomics data by multi-view graph collaborative learning
Authors: Zuo Chunman , Zhang Yijian , Cao Chen , Feng Jinwang , Jiao Mingqi , Chen Luonan 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSpatially resolved transcriptomics (SRT) technology enables us to gain novel insights into tissue architecture and cell development, especially in tumors. However, lacking computational exploitation of biological contexts and multi-view features severely hinders the elucidation of tissue heterogeneity. Here, we propose stMVC, a multi-view graph collaborative-learning model that integrates histology, gene expression, spatial location, and biological contexts in analyzing SRT data by attention. Specifically, stMVC adopting semi-supervised graph attention autoencoder separately learns view-specific representations of histological-similarity-graph or spatial-location-graph, and then simultaneously integrates two-view graphs for robust representations through attention under semi-supervision of biological contexts. stMVC outperforms other tools in detecting tissue structure, inferring trajectory relationships, and denoising on benchmark slices of human cortex. Particularly, stMVC identifies disease-related cell-states and their transition cell-states in breast cancer study, which are further validated by the functional and survival analysis of independent clinical data. Those results demonstrate clinical and prognostic applications from SRT data.
Spectral interpretation of late-stage mare basalt mineralogy unveiled by Chang’E-5 samples
Authors: Liu Dawei , Wang Xing , Liu Jianjun , Liu Bin , Ren Xin , Chen Yuan , Chen Zhaopeng , Zhang Hongbo , Zhang Guangliang , Zhou Qin , Zhang Zhoubin , Fu Qiang , Li Chunlai 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe western maria of lunar near-side are widely covered with late-stage mare basalts. Due to the lack of returned samples, the mineralogy of the late-stage basalts was previously speculated as having high abundance of olivine based on remote sensing observation. However, here we show that Chang’E-5 (CE-5) lunar soil samples, the ground truth from past unsampled lunar late-stage mare region, give a different interpretation. Our laboratory spectroscopic and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses of the CE-5 soil samples demonstrate that their special spectral signatures are representative of iron-rich high-Ca pyroxene rather than olivine. Considering the spectral and compositional similarities between CE-5 soil samples and lunar late-stage basalts, the mineralogy and petrology of CE-5 samples may be able to be generalized to entire lunar late-stage basalts. Our study would provide a constraint on the thermal evolution of the Moon, especially the young lunar volcanism.
Hierarchical nano-martensite-engineered a low-cost ultra-strong and ductile titanium alloy
Authors: Zhang Chongle , Bao Xiangyun , Hao Mengyuan , Chen Wei , Zhang Dongdong , Wang Dong , Zhang Jinyu , Liu Gang , Sun Jun 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDue to the low thermal stability of crystallographic boundaries, the grain boundary engineering (GBE) manifests some limits to the fineness and types of microstructures achievable, while unique chemical boundary engineering (CBE) enables us to create a metallic material with an ultrafine hierarchically heterogeneous microstructure for enhancing the mechanical properties of materials. Here, using a low cost metastable Ti-2.8Cr-4.5Zr-5.2Al (wt.%) alloy as a model material, we create a high density of chemical boundaries (CBs) through the significant diffusion mismatch between Cr and Al alloying elements to architecture hierarchical nano-martensites with an average thickness of ~20 nm. For this metastable titanium alloy, the significantly enhanced yield strength originates from dense nano-martensitic interface strengthening, meanwhile the large ductility is attributed to the multi-stage strain hardening of hierarchical 3D α'/β lamellae assisted by equiaxed primary α (αp) nodules. The hierarchical nano-martensite engineering strategy confers our alloy a desired combination of strength and ductility, which can potentially be applied to many transformable alloys, and reveal a new target in microstructural design for ultrastrong-yet-ductile structural materials.
Direct production of olefins from syngas with ultrahigh carbon efficiency
Authors: Yu Hailing , Wang Caiqi , Lin Tiejun , An Yunlei , Wang Yuchen , Chang Qingyu , Yu Fei , Wei Yao , Sun Fanfei , Jiang Zheng , Li Shenggang , Sun Yuhan , Zhong Liangshu 
Published: October 2022

AbstractSyngas conversion serves as a competitive strategy to produce olefins chemicals from nonpetroleum resources. However, the goal to achieve desirable olefins selectivity with limited undesired C1 by-products remains a grand challenge. Herein, we present a non-classical Fischer-Tropsch to olefins process featuring high carbon efficiency that realizes 80.1% olefins selectivity with ultralow total selectivity of CH4and CO2(<5%) at CO conversion of 45.8%. This is enabled by sodium-promoted metallic ruthenium (Ru) nanoparticles with negligible water-gas-shift reactivity. Change in the local electronic structure and the decreased reactivity of chemisorbed H species on Ru surfaces tailor the reaction pathway to favor olefins production. No obvious deactivation is observed within 550 hours and the pellet catalyst also exhibits excellent catalytic performance in a pilot-scale reactor, suggesting promising practical applications.
Dual sensing signal decoupling based on tellurium anisotropy for VR interaction and neuro-reflex system application
Authors: Li Linlin , Zhao Shufang , Ran Wenhao , Li Zhexin , Yan Yongxu , Zhong Bowen , Lou Zheng , Wang Lili , Shen Guozhen 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAnisotropy control of the electronic structure in inorganic semiconductors is an important step in developing devices endowed with multi-function. Here, we demonstrate that the intrinsic anisotropy of tellurium nanowires can be used to modulate the electronic structure and piezoelectric polarization and decouple pressure and temperature difference signals, and realize VR interaction and neuro-reflex applications. The architecture design of the device combined with self-locking effect can eliminate dependence on displacement, enabling a single device to determine the hardness and thermal conductivity of materials through a simple touch. We used a bimodal Te-based sensor to develop a wearable glove for endowing real objects to the virtual world, which greatly improves VR somatosensory feedback. In addition, we successfully achieved stimulus recognition and neural-reflex in a rabbit sciatic nerve model by integrating the sensor signals using a deep learning technique. In view of in-/ex-vivo feasibility, the bimodal Te-based sensor would be considered a novel sensing platform for a wide range application of metaverse, AI robot, and electronic medicine.
One-pot H/D exchange and low-coordinated iron electrocatalyzed deuteration of nitriles in D2O to α,β-deuterio aryl ethylamines
Authors: Li Rui , Wu Yongmeng , Wang Changhong , He Meng , Liu Cuibo , Zhang Bin 
Published: October 2022

AbstractDeveloping a step-economical approach for efficient synthesis of α,β-deuterio aryl ethylamines (α,β-DAEAs) with high deuterium ratios using an easy-to-handle deuterated source under ambient conditions is highly desirable. Here we report a room-temperature one-pot two-step transformation of aryl acetonitriles to α,β-DAEAs with up to 92% isolated yield and 99% α,β-deuterium ratios using D2O as a deuterium source. The process involves a fast α-C − H/C − D exchange and tandem electroreductive deuteration of C ≡ N over an in situ formed low-coordinated Fe nanoparticle cathode. The moderate adsorptions of nitriles/imine intermediates and the promoted formation of active hydrogen (H*) on unsaturated Fe sites facilitate the electroreduction process. In situ Raman confirms co-adsorption of aryl rings and the C ≡ N group on the Fe surface. A proposed H*-addition pathway is confirmed by the detected hydrogen and carbon radicals. Wide substrate scope, parallel synthesis of multiple α,β-DAEAs, and successful preparation of α,β-deuterated Melatonin and Komavine highlight the potential.
Extending fluorescence anisotropy to large complexes using reversibly switchable proteins
Authors: Volpato Andrea , Ollech Dirk , Alvelid Jonatan , Damenti Martina , Müller Barbara , York Andrew G , Ingaramo Maria , Testa Ilaria 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe formation of macromolecular complexes can be measured by detection of changes in rotational mobility using time-resolved fluorescence anisotropy. However, this method is limited to relatively small molecules (~0.1–30 kDa), excluding the majority of the human proteome and its complexes. We describe selective time-resolved anisotropy with reversibly switchable states (STARSS), which overcomes this limitation and extends the observable mass range by more than three orders of magnitude. STARSS is based on long-lived reversible molecular transitions of switchable fluorescent proteins to resolve the relatively slow rotational diffusivity of large complexes. We used STARSS to probe the rotational mobility of several molecular complexes in cells, including chromatin, the retroviral Gag lattice and activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated protein oligomers. Because STARSS can probe arbitrarily large structures, it is generally applicable to the entire human proteome.