bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Facial Palsy by Moiré Topography Index
Authors: Yuen Koji , Inokuchi Ikuo , Maeta Manabu , Kawakami Shin‐Ichiro , Masuda Yu 
Published: September 2022

We investigated the usefulness of moiré topography for evaluating facial nerve function in 51 patients with facial palsy and 10 normal volunteers. This method visualizes the shape of objects in three dimensions. We devised three moiré indexes as a simple method of quantifying the severity of facial palsy: the nasolabial groove moiré index, the oral angle moiré index, and the inner canthus moiré index. We compared the results obtained by the moiré indexes with findings obtained using the House‐Brackmann grading system and found that they were highly correlated. These three moiré indexes included all the standard factors of the House‐Brackmann grading system, allowing us to develop the total moiré index.
Pilot Study of the Oral Omeprazole Test for Reflux Laryngitis
Authors: Metz David C. , Childs Marcia L. , Ruiz Cesar , Weinstein Gregory S. 
Published: September 2022

BACKGROUND: Gastroesophageal reflux disease occasionally presents with laryngeal symptoms. Such patients are often referred for a gastroenterology evaluation. This study was designed to determine whether an empiric trial of high‐dose omeprazole therapy could reliably identify patients with reflux laryngitis and thus obviate the need for a gastroenterology workup.METHODS: Patients were evaluated with a history, physical examination, esophageal manometry, upper endoscopy, and 24‐hour pH‐metry for determination of the presence or absence of underlying gastroesophageal reflux disease and then received an empiric trial of oral omeprazole therapy (20 mg twice daily for 1 month). A positive omeprazole test result was defined as resolution of all laryngeal symptoms on completion of the empiric trial of therapy.RESULTS: Two patients were classified as having no reflux, and eight were classified as having reflux. Omeprazole test results were positive in six patients. Five of six had reflux, but one patient had no evidence for reflux. Omeprazole test results were negative in four patients. Three of four had reflux, and one did not. Despite the absence of antisecretory therapy, laryngeal symptoms did not recur in either patient without reflux during follow‐up. Laryngeal symptoms were managed in two of the three patients with reflux who had negative omeprazole test results and who were using inhalers in combination with histamine H2 receptor antagonist therapy for their reflux disease. One patient with reflux who had a negative omeprazole test result responded to higher doses of omeprazole, and the five patients with reflux who had positive omeprazole test results all responded to continuation of omeprazole.CONCLUSIONS: The omeprazole test may be useful in confirming the suspicion of reflux laryngitis in patients suspected of having this disease after an otolaryngology evaluation. However, there is a potential for false‐positive and false‐negative test results. A gastroenterology evaluation may aid in the identification of false‐positive test results by documenting the absence of reflux in certain responders.
UAV swarm collaborative coverage control using GV division and planning algorithm
Authors: Liu H. Y. , Chen J. , Huang K. H. , Cheng G. Q. , Wang R. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractUnmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) swarm coverage is one of the key technologies for multi-UAV cooperation, which plays an important role in collaborative investigation, detection, rescue and other applications. Aiming at the coverage optimisation problem of UAV in the target area, a collaborative visual coverage control method under positioning uncertainty is presented. First, the visual perception area with imprecise localisation, UAV model and sensor model are created based on the given task environment. Second, a regional division algorithm for the target task area is designed based on the principle of Guaranteed Voronoi (GV) diagram. Then a visual area coverage planning algorithm is designed, in which the task area is allocated to the UAV according to the corresponding weight coefficient of each area, and the input control law is adjusted by the expected state information of the UAV, so that the optimal coverage quality target value and the maximum coverage of the target area can be achieved. Finally, three task scenarios for regional division and coverage planning are simulated respectively, the results show that the proposed area coverage planning algorithm can realise the optimal regional distribution and can obtain more than 90% coverage in different scenarios.
The Böckenförde Dictum, Aristotle’s Koinōnia, and the Debate on the Future of Europe -
Discussed: Religion, Law, and Democracy: Selected Writings. By Ernst-Wolfgang Böckenförde. Edited by Mirjam Künkler and Tine Stein. Translated by Thomas Dunlap. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2020. Pp. 480. $65.00 (cloth); Oxford Scholarship Online by subscription (digital). ISBN: 9780198818632. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198818632.001.0001.
Authors: McDonagh Philip 
Published: September 2022

AbstractAs a former diplomat currently engaged in praxis-oriented research and teaching, I examine Böckenförde’s importance in the broad context of the debate on the future of Europe. First, I trace some of Böckenförde’s specific thoughts on the development of the European Union, notably concerning trends that impact on the shared “sense of belonging” that underpins deliberative democracy. Second, accepting Böckenförde’s crucial distinction between the granular provisions of the law and an underlying ethos or sense of direction, I argue that the Böckenförde paradox is strongly supported at the roots of our culture by ancient Greek political thought, in ways that can help us develop our thinking in new directions—involving Aristotelian conceptions of orientation, community (koinōnia), and discernment. Finally, I address the challenges currently facing the European Union, taking as my point of departure President Emmanuel Macron’s evocation of the “contribution which a living Europe can bring to civilisation.” The political thought of Ernst-Wolfgang Böckenförde, illuminated by conceptions of orientation, community, and discernment, can help to prepare us for a future intercultural dialogue in the service of peace.
RECOGNISING REE GROUPS USING THE CODEGREE SET
Authors: GUAN HAIYAN , ZHANG XUNING , YANG YONG 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe codegree of an irreducible character
$\chi $
of a finite group G is
$|G : \ker \chi |/\chi (1)$
. We show that the Ree group
${}^2G_2(q)$
, where
$q = 3^{2f+1}$
, is determined up to isomorphism by its set of codegrees.
Initiatives for Early Medical Student Engagement with the Field of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery
Authors: Shah H P , Sheth A H , Abdou H , Lerner M Z 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveEarly exposure and mentorship in surgical specialties like otolaryngology – head and neck surgery are critical for medical students. This paper presents initiatives implemented at our institution to engage early-career medical students with the field.MethodsA hands-on laryngoscope workshop was organised, and a centralised online platform was created for research and mentorship opportunities using a collaborative project management tool. Both measures were advertised via e-mail to student interest groups and campus diversity groups. At the end of the workshop, participating students completed an online distributed survey.ResultsStudents’ perception of their knowledge of airway anatomy and related clinical scenarios significantly improved after the laryngoscopy workshop (p = 0.001 and p = 0.002, respectively). All attendees indicated that the workshop increased their comfort level with procedures and that they would recommend the workshop to colleagues. Nearly half of participants reported becoming ‘very interested’ in exploring otolaryngology – head and neck surgery through future elective courses.ConclusionImplementation of such initiatives at other institutions can generate medical student interest and may improve diversity in otolaryngology – head and neck surgery.
Effects of psychosis-associated genetic markers on brain volumetry: a systematic review of replicated findings and an independent validation
Authors: Vouga Ribeiro Nuno , Tavares Vânia , Bramon Elvira , Toulopoulou Timothea , Valli Isabel , Shergill Sukhi , Murray Robin , Prata Diana 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundGiven psychotic illnesses' high heritability and associations with brain structure, numerous neuroimaging-genetics findings have been reported in the last two decades. However, few findings have been replicated. In the present independent sample we aimed to replicate any psychosis-implicated SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphisms), which had previously shown at least two main effects on brain volume.MethodsA systematic review for SNPs showing a replicated effect on brain volume yielded 25 studies implicating seven SNPs in five genes. Their effect was then tested in 113 subjects with either schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, ‘at risk mental state’ or healthy state, for whole-brain and region-of-interest (ROI) associations with grey and white matter volume changes, using voxel-based morphometry.ResultsWe found FWER-corrected (Family-wise error rate) (i.e. statistically significant) associations of: (1) CACNA1C-rs769087-A with larger bilateral hippocampus and thalamus white matter, across the whole brain; and (2) CACNA1C-rs769087-A with larger superior frontal gyrus, as ROI. Higher replication concordance with existing literature was found, in decreasing order, for: (1) CACNA1C-rs769087-A, with larger dorsolateral-prefrontal/superior frontal gyrus and hippocampi (both with anatomical and directional concordance); (2) ZNF804A-rs11681373-A, with smaller angular gyrus grey matter and rectus gyri white matter (both with anatomical and directional concordance); and (3) BDNF-rs6265-T with superior frontal and middle cingulate gyri volume change (with anatomical and allelic concordance).ConclusionsMost literature findings were not herein replicated. Nevertheless, high degree/likelihood of replication was found for two genome-wide association studies- and one candidate-implicated SNPs, supporting their involvement in psychosis and brain structure.
Epistemic fusion: Passenger Information Units and the making of international security
Authors: Glouftsios Georgios , Leese Matthias 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis article focuses on the control of international mobility through the gathering, processing, and sharing of air travellers’ data. While a lot has been written about pre-emptive rationalities of security translated into the functionalities of IT systems used for border controls, we take a step further and investigate how these rationalities are operationalised through data transfer, screening, validation, discarding, profiling, contextualisation, calibration, and adjustment practices. These practices may seem banal and technical; however, we demonstrate how they matter politically as they underpin the making of international security. We do so by analysing the work of Passenger Information Units (PIUs) and retracing how they turn Passenger Name Record (PNR) data into actionable intelligence for counterterrorism and the fight against serious crime. To better understand the work of PIUs, we introduce and unpack the concept of ‘epistemic fusion’. This explicates how security intelligence comes into being through practices that pertain to cross-domain data frictions, the contextualisation of data-driven knowledge through its synthesis with more traditional forms of investigatory knowledge and expertise, and the adjustment of the intelligence produced to make it actionable on the ground.
Right ventricle-dependent coronary circulation diagnosed by non-invasive ferumoxytol-enhanced 4D cardiac magnetic resonance angiography in pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum
Authors: Rezkalla Joshua , Raymundo Stephanie A. , Renella Pierangelo 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum is a complex cyanotic congenital heart lesion with the potential for myocardial ischaemia due to the presence of coronary artery anomalies. We present a case of a two-day-old baby with postnatal diagnosis of pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum in whom non-invasive ferumoxytol-enhanced 4D cardiac magnetic resonance angiography was used for the assessment of coronary artery anatomy.
End-of-life care for Filipino patients with cancer
Authors: Guarin Geneva E. , Dee Edward Christopher , Robredo Janine Patricia G. , Eala Michelle Ann B. , Medina Manuel F. , Tanco Kimberson C. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractProviding end-of-life care within the cultural context of a Filipino patient in the United States is a complex process for clinicians, patients, and their families. An inclusive approach is crucial, especially because a significant proportion of patients belong to minority groups such as Filipinos, who represent the fourth largest group of immigrants in the United States as of data available in 2019. The case provided in this paper highlights the importance of family, religion, and finances in guiding the best possible way of providing end-of-life care for Filipino patients with cancer. At the end of this review, we discuss concrete action points that may give a non-Filipino physician a deeper understanding of end-of-life care for Filipinos.
Eczema and related atopic diseases are associated with increased symptom severity in children with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Jameson C. , Boulton K. A. , Silove N. , Guastella A. J. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractGrowing evidence indicates that autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has diverse genetic, neurological, and environmental factors that contribute to its neurodevelopmental course. Interestingly, childhood ASD is often accompanied by skin disorders, such as eczema, and other related atopic manifestations. This link may be due to the shared embryonic origin of epidermal and neural tissue. Accordingly, we consider the potential influence of a skin-brain co-vulnerability and ensuing atopic cascade on ASD symptomatology by investigating whether atopic disorders (asthma, allergies, eczema and hay fever) are associated with increased symptom severity in children with ASD. Overall, 45 atopic and 93 non-atopic children with ASD were assessed using the ADOS-2 on scores of total, social and non-social symptoms. Differences in ASD symptom severity were further evaluated as a function of atopic disease type. Atopic children displayed greater symptom severity overall and in the social domain, relative to non-atopic participants. Atopic children were 2.4 times more likely to experience overall impairments classified within the ADOS-2 highest-level severity bracket and 2.7 times more likely to show social difficulties in this range. Moreover, those reporting comorbid eczema displayed increased symptom severity relative to both their non-atopic peers and those reporting asthma and allergies. Taken together, findings indicate that atopic disorders, and particularly comorbid eczema, are associated with increases in ASD symptom severity. Findings provide grounds for future investigations into this link between childhood skin diseases and ASD symptom severity to advance our understanding of neurodevelopment and to develop targeted assessment and intervention opportunities.
A key role of miR-132-5p in the prefrontal cortex for persistent prophylactic actions of (R)-ketamine in mice
Authors: Ma Li , Wang Long , Chang Lijia , Shan Jiajing , Qu Youge , Wang Xingming , Wan Xiayun , Fujita Yuko , Hashimoto Kenji 
Published: September 2022

Abstract(R,S)-ketamine is known to elicit persistent prophylactic effects in rodent models of depression. However, the precise molecular mechanisms underlying its action remain elusive. Using RNA-sequencing analysis, we searched for novel molecular target(s) that contribute to the prophylactic effects of (R)-ketamine, a more potent enantiomer of (R,S)-ketamine in chronic restraint stress (CRS) model. Pretreatment with (R)-ketamine (10 mg/kg, 1 day before CRS) significantly ameliorated body weight loss, increased immobility time of forced swimming test, and decreased sucrose preference of sucrose preference test in CRS-exposed mice. RNA-sequencing analysis of prefrontal cortex (PFC) revealed that several miRNAs such as miR-132-5p might contribute to sustained prophylactic effects of (R)-ketamine. Methyl CpG binding protein 2 (MeCP2) is known to regulate brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression. Quantitative RT-PCR confirmed that (R)-ketamine significantly attenuated altered expression of miR-132-5p and its regulated genes (Bdnf, Mecp2, Tgfb1, Tgfbr2) in the PFC of CRS-exposed mice. Furthermore, (R)-ketamine significantly attenuated altered expression of BDNF, MeCP2, TGF-β1 (transforming growth factor β1), and synaptic proteins (PSD-95, and GluA1) in the PFC of CRS-exposed mice. Administration of agomiR-132-5p decreased the expression of Bdnf and Tgfb1 in the PFC, resulting in depression-like behaviors. In contrast, administration of antagomiR-132-5p blocked the increased expression of miR-132-5p and decreased expression of Bdnf in the PFC of CRS-exposed mice, resulting in antidepressant-like effects. In conclusion, our data show a novel role of miR-132-5p in the PFC underlying depression-like phenotypes in CRS model and the sustained prophylactic effects of (R)-ketamine.
The landscape of extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA) in the normal hematopoiesis and leukemia evolution
Authors: Zeng Tiansheng , Huang Wenhui , Cui Longzhen , Zhu Pei , Lin Qing , Zhang Wenjuan , Li Junyi , Deng Cong , Wu Zhihua , Huang Zeyong , Zhang Zhiyong , Qian Tingting , Xie Wei , Xiao Min , Chen Yingyu , Fu Lin 
Published: September 2022

AbstractElevated extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA) has been reported to accelerate tumor pathogenesis. Although the eccDNA profiles of other tumors have been established, the landscape of the eccDNA of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has not been revealed. Our study first depicted the eccDNA profile of normal hematopoiesis and AML evolution by exploiting the ATAC-seq and RNA-seq data from nine healthy donors and 12 AML patients, which contained a total of 137 cell samples and 96 RNA-seq samples (including 16 blood cell types of the normal hematopoietic and AML hierarchies). We found the number of eccDNAs generally increased with the evolution of normal hematopoiesis and AML. The ecDNAs and ring chromosomes were found to reappear both in normal hematopoiesis and AML cells. Furthermore, we compared the eccDNAs of AML with normal cells. There were almost 300 AML-specific genes, including the known oncogenes NRAS, MCL1, EVI1, GATA2, WT1, and PAK1. And the ecDNA (chr11: 58668376-58826008) occurred in five out of 17 AML evolution-related cells, which was associated with the high expression of the GLYATL1 gene and the high expressed GLYATL1 was a poor prognostic factor. In conclusion, the eccDNA profiles of normal hematopoiesis and AML evolution were depicted and the recurrent eccDNAs we revealed might be utilized in the treatment of AML as biomarkers.
Regional gene expression signatures are associated with sex-specific functional connectivity changes in depression
Authors: Talishinsky Aleksandr , Downar Jonathan , Vértes Petra E. , Seidlitz Jakob , Dunlop Katharine , Lynch Charles J. , Whalley Heather , McIntosh Andrew , Vila-Rodriguez Fidel , Daskalakis Zafiris J. , Blumberger Daniel M. , Liston Conor 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe neural substrates of depression may differ in men and women, but the underlying mechanisms are incompletely understood. Here, we show that depression is associated with sex-specific patterns of abnormal functional connectivity in the default mode network and in five regions of interest with sexually dimorphic transcriptional effects. Regional differences in gene expression in two independent datasets explained the neuroanatomical distribution of abnormal connectivity. These gene sets varied by sex and were strongly enriched for genes implicated in depression, synapse function, immune signaling, and neurodevelopment. In an independent sample, we confirmed the prediction that individual differences in default mode network connectivity are explained by inferred brain expression levels for six depression-related genes, includingPCDH8, a brain-specific protocadherin integral membrane protein implicated in activity-related synaptic reorganization. Together, our results delineate both shared and sex-specific changes in the organization of depression-related functional networks, with implications for biomarker development and fMRI-guided therapeutic neuromodulation.
Effect of booster vaccination against Delta and Omicron SARS-CoV-2 variants in Iceland
Authors: Norddahl Gudmundur L. , Melsted Pall , Gunnarsdottir Kristbjorg , Halldorsson Gisli H. , Olafsdottir Thorunn A. , Gylfason Arnaldur , Kristjansson Mar , Magnusson Olafur T. , Sulem Patrick , Gudbjartsson Daniel F. , Thorsteinsdottir Unnur , Jonsdottir Ingileif , Stefansson Kari 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBy the end of July 2021, the majority of the Icelandic population had received vaccination against COVID-19. In mid-July a wave of SARS-CoV-2 infections, dominated by the Delta variant, spread through the population, followed by an Omicron wave in December. A booster vaccination campaign was initiated to curb the spread of the virus. We estimate the risk of infection for different vaccine combinations using vaccination data from 276,028 persons and 963,557 qPCR tests for 277,687 persons. We measure anti-Spike-RBD antibody levels and ACE2-Spike binding inhibitory activity in 371 persons who received one of four recommended vaccination schedules with or without an mRNA vaccine booster. Overall, we find different antibody levels and inhibitory activity in recommended vaccination schedules, reflected in the observed risk of SARS-CoV-2 infections. We observe an increased protection following mRNA boosters, against both Omicron and Delta variant infections, although BNT162b2 boosters provide greater protection against Omicron than mRNA-1273 boosters.
Multi-context genetic modeling of transcriptional regulation resolves novel disease loci
Authors: Thompson Mike , Gordon Mary Grace , Lu Andrew , Tandon Anchit , Halperin Eran , Gusev Alexander , Ye Chun Jimmie , Balliu Brunilda , Zaitlen Noah 
Published: September 2022

AbstractA majority of the variants identified in genome-wide association studies fall in non-coding regions of the genome, indicating their mechanism of impact is mediated via gene expression. Leveraging this hypothesis, transcriptome-wide association studies (TWAS) have assisted in both the interpretation and discovery of additional genes associated with complex traits. However, existing methods for conducting TWAS do not take full advantage of the intra-individual correlation inherently present in multi-context expression studies and do not properly adjust for multiple testing across contexts. We introduce CONTENT—a computationally efficient method with proper cross-context false discovery correction that leverages correlation structure across contexts to improve power and generate context-specific and context-shared components of expression. We apply CONTENT to bulk multi-tissue and single-cell RNA-seq data sets and show that CONTENT leads to a 42% (bulk) and 110% (single cell) increase in the number of genetically predicted genes relative to previous approaches. We find the context-specific component of expression comprises 30% of heritability in tissue-level bulk data and 75% in single-cell data, consistent with cell-type heterogeneity in bulk tissue. In the context of TWAS, CONTENT increases the number of locus-phenotype associations discovered by over 51% relative to previous methods across 22 complex traits.