bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High‐Yield, Magnetic Harvesting of Extracellular Outer‐Membrane Vesicles fromEscherichia coli
Authors: Shi Rui , Dong Ziliang , Ma Chongqing , Wu Renfei , Lv Rui , Liu Sidi , Ren Yijin , Liu Zhuang , van der Mei Henny C. , Busscher Henk J. , Liu Jian 
Published: October 2022

AbstractExtracellular outer‐membrane vesicles (OMVs) are attractive for use as drug nanocarriers, because of their high biocompatibility and ability to enter cells. However, widespread use is hampered by low yields. Here, a high‐yield method for magnetic harvesting of OMVs fromEscherichia coliis described. To this end,E. coliare grown in the presence of magnetic iron‐oxide nanoparticles (MNPs). Uptake of MNPs byE. coliis low and does not increase secretion of OMVs. Uptake of MNPs can be enhanced through PEGylation of MNPs.E. coligrowth in the presence of PEGylated MNPs increases bacterial MNP‐uptake and OMV‐secretion, accompanied by upregulation of genes involved in OMV‐secretion. OMVs containing MNPs can be magnetically harvested at 60‐fold higher yields than achieved by ultracentrifugation. Functionally, magnetically‐harvested OMVs and OMVs harvested by ultracentrifugation are both taken‐up in similar numbers by bacteria. Uniquely, in an applied magnetic field, magnetically‐harvested OMVs with MNPs accumulate over the entire depth of an infectious biofilm. OMVs harvested by ultracentrifugation without MNPs only accumulate near the biofilm surface. In conclusion, PEGylation of MNPs is essential for their uptake inE. coliand yields magnetic OMVs allowing high‐yield magnetic‐harvesting. Moreover, magnetic OMVs can be magnetically targeted to a cargo delivery site in the human body.
Latticed‐Confined Conversion Chemistry of Battery Electrode
Authors: Fang Libin , Li Haosheng , Xu Ben Bin , Ma Jie , Pan Hongge , He Qinggang , Zheng Tianlong , Ni Wenbin , Lin Yue , Li Yangmu , Cao Yue , Sun Chengjun , Yan Mi , Sun Wenping , Jiang Yinzhu 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe electrochemical conversion reaction, usually featured by multiple redox processes and high specific capacity, holds great promise in developing high‐energy rechargeable battery technologies. However, the complete structural change accompanied by spontaneous atomic migration and volume variation during the charge/discharge cycle leads to electrode disintegration and performance degradation, therefore severely restricting the application of conventional conversion‐type electrodes. Herein, latticed‐confined conversion chemistry is proposed, where the “intercalation‐like” redox behavior is realized on the electrode with a “conversion‐like” high capacity. By delicately formulating the high‐entropy compounds, the pristine crystal structure can be preserved by the inert lattice framework, thus enabling an ultra‐high initial Coulombic efficiency of 92.5% and a long cycling lifespan over a thousand cycles after the quasistatic charge–discharge cycle. This lattice‐confined conversion chemistry unfolds a ubiquitous insight into the localized redox reaction and sheds light on developing high‐performance electrodes toward next‐generation high‐energy rechargeable batteries.
The Loschmidt spectral form factor
Authors: Winer Michael , Swingle Brian 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
The Spectral Form Factor (SFF) measures the fluctuations in the density of states of a Hamiltonian. We consider a generalization of the SFF called the Loschmidt Spectral Form Factor, $$ \textrm{tr}\left[{e}^{i{H}_1T}\right]\textrm{tr}\left[{e}^{-i{H}_2T}\right] $$
tr

e

i

H
1

T

tr

e

−
i

H
2

T

, for H1 − H2 small. If the ensemble average of the SFF is the variance of the density fluctuations for a single Hamiltonian drawn from the ensemble, the averaged Loschmidt SFF is the covariance for two Hamiltonians drawn from a correlated ensemble. This object is a time-domain version of the parametric correlations studied in the quantum chaos and random matrix literatures. We show analytically that the averaged Loschmidt SFF is proportional to eiλTT for a complex rate λ with a positive imaginary part, showing in a quantitative way that the long-time details of the spectrum are exponentially more sensitive to perturbations than the short-time properties. We calculate λ in a number of cases, including random matrix theory, theories with a single localized defect, and hydrodynamic theories.
On the Serre Functor in the Category of Strict Polynomial Functors
Authors: Chałupnik Marcin 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe study a Serre functor in functor categories related to the category $\mathcal {P}_{d}$

P

d

of strict polynomial functors over a field of positive characteristic. Our main result shows that the derived category of the category of affine strict polynomial functors in some cases carries the structure of Calabi–Yau category. We also re-obtain the Poincaré duality formulas for Ext groups in $\mathcal {P}_{d}$

P

d

and construct a certain recollement diagram relating the derived categories of affine and ordinary strict polynomial functors.
Boundary homogenization with large reaction terms on a strainer-type wall
Authors: Gómez D. , Pérez-Martínez M.-E. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractWe consider a homogenization problem for the Laplace operator posed in a bounded domain of the upper half-space, a part of its boundary being in contact with the plane $$\{x_3=0\}$$

{

x
3

=
0
}

. On this part, the boundary conditions alternate from Neumann to nonlinear-Robin, being of Dirichlet type outside. The nonlinear-Robin boundary conditions are imposed on small regions periodically placed along the plane and contain a Robin parameter that can be very large. We provide all the possible homogenized problems, depending on the relations between the three parameters: period $$\varepsilon $$
ε
, size of the small regions $$r_\varepsilon $$

r
ε

and Robin parameter $$\beta (\varepsilon )$$

β
(
ε
)

. In particular, we address the convergence, as $$\varepsilon $$
ε
tends to zero, of the solutions for the critical size of the small regions $$r_\varepsilon =O(\varepsilon ^{ 2})$$

r
ε

=
O

(

ε
2

)

. For certain $$\beta (\varepsilon )$$

β
(
ε
)

, a nonlinear capacity term arises in the strange term which depends on the macroscopic variable and allows us to extend the usual capacity definition to semilinear boundary conditions.
COVID-19-Impfstrategien für Beschäftigte deutscher Kliniken: Ergebnisse einer Befragung von Leitungen der (Krankenhaus‑)Hygiene im Rahmen des B-FAST-Projektes
Authors: Scheithauer Simone , Bludau Anna , Heinemann Stephanie , Anton Martina , Knolle Percy 
Published: October 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund und Ziel
Zu Beginn der COVID-19-Impfkampagne in Deutschland wurden Beschäftigte in medizinischen Einrichtungen aufgrund des hohen Expositionsrisikos und des Kontakts mit vulnerablen Gruppen priorisiert gegen SARS-CoV‑2 geimpft. Die Krankenhäuser waren angehalten die Impfungen ihrer Beschäftigten möglichst schnell zu organisieren und durchzuführen. Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit war es, die Impfstrategie für die Mitarbeitenden deutscher Kliniken zu erfassen.

Methoden
In einer Querschnittstudie mit selbstentwickeltem Fragebogen wurden die Leitungen der (Krankenhaus‑)Hygiene aller deutschen Universitätskliniken sowie der Nicht-Universitätskliniken in Niedersachsen und Bayern im März 2021 befragt. Die Daten wurden nach den beiden Versorgungsstufen stratifiziert.

Ergebnisse
100 von 416 versendeten Fragebögen wurden vollständig ausgefüllt (Universitätsklinik: 33, Nicht-Universitätsklinik: 67). Universitätskliniken berichteten von einer größeren Impfkapazität als Nicht-Universitätskliniken, ein begrenzender Faktor waren die ungewissen Impfstofflieferungen. 89 % der Kliniken planten Informationskampagnen zum Thema Impfung oder hatten diese bereits durchgeführt. 70 % gaben an, keine Antikörpertests bei geimpften Beschäftigten durchführen zu wollen. Eine Nachverfolgung geimpfter Beschäftigter zur Detektion möglicher SARS-CoV-2-Infektionen mittels Erregernachweis durch PCR wurde von 41 % geplant. Im Falle des Nachweises einer SARS-CoV-2-Infektion bei geimpften Beschäftigten hatten 72 % weitere Diagnostik geplant.

Diskussion
Alle Krankenhäuser konnten eine schnelle Umsetzung der COVID-19-Vakzinierung ihrer Beschäftigten erreichen. Zum Zeitpunkt der Befragung gab es große Unsicherheit bezüglich des Umgangs mit Durchbruchsinfektionen und der Notwendigkeit von Auffrischimpfungen.
Residual stress effects during additive manufacturing of reinforced thin nickel–chromium plates
Authors: Patterson Eann A. , Lambros John , Magana-Carranza Rodrigo , Sutcliffe Christopher J. 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Additive manufacturing (AM) is a powerful technique for producing metallic components with complex geometry relatively quickly, cheaply and directly from digital representations; however, residual stresses induced during manufacturing can result in distortions of components and reductions in mechanical performance, especially in parts that lack rotational symmetry and, or have cross sections with large aspect ratios. Geometrically reinforced thin plates have been built in nickel–chromium alloy using laser-powder bed fusion (L-PBF) and their shapes measured using stereoscopic digital image correlation before and after release from the base-plate of the AM machine. The results show that residual stresses cause potentially severe out-of-plane deformation that can be alleviated using either an enveloping support structure, which increased the build time substantially, was difficult to remove and wasted material, or using buttress supports to the reinforced edges of the thin plate. The buttresses were quick to build and remove, minimised waste but needed careful design. Plates built in a landscape orientation required out-of-plane buttresses while those built in a portrait orientation required both in-plane and out-of-plane buttresses. In both cases, out-of-plane deformation increased on release from the baseplate but this was mitigated by incremental release which resulted in out-of-plane deformations of less than 5% of the in-plane dimensions.
Constructed Wetlands Suitability for Sugarcane Profitability, Freshwater Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services
Authors: Canning Adam D. , Smart James C. R. , Dyke Joshua , Curwen Graeme , Hasan Syezlin , Waltham Nathan J. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractFreshwater ecosystems, such as wetlands, are among the most impacted by agricultural expansion and intensification through extensive drainage and pollution. There is a pressing need to identify ways of managing agricultural landscapes to ensure food and water security without jeopardising biodiversity and other environmental benefits. Here we examine the potential fish biodiversity and landholder financial benefits arising from the integration of constructed lagoons to improve drainage, flow regulation and habitat connectivity within a sugarcane dominated catchment in north Queensland, Australia. A hybrid approach was used, combining the findings of both fish ecological surveys and a financial cost-benefit analysis. We found that the constructed lagoons supported at least 36 native freshwater fishes (over half of all native freshwater fishes in the region), owing to their depth, vegetated margins, moderate water quality and high connectivity to the Tully River. In addition to biodiversity benefits, we estimated that surrounding sugarcane farms would have financially benefited from reduced flooding of cropland and the elevation of low-lying cropland with deposited spoil excavated from lagoon construction. Improved drainage and flow regulation allowed for improvement in sugarcane yield and elevated land increased gross margins from extending the length of the cane production cycle or enabling a switch from cattle grazing to cane production. Restoring or creating wetlands to reduce flooding in flood-prone catchments is a globally applicable model that could improve both agricultural productivity and aquatic biodiversity, while potentially increasing farm income by attracting payments for provision of ecosystem services.
Anatomical organization of forebrain circuits in the primate
Authors: Giarrocco Franco , Averbeck Bruno B. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThe primate forebrain is a complex structure. Thousands of connections have been identified between cortical areas, and between cortical and sub-cortical areas. Previous work, however, has suggested that a number of principles can be used to reduce this complexity. Here, we integrate four principles that have been put forth previously, including a nested model of neocortical connectivity, gradients of connectivity between frontal cortical areas and the striatum and thalamus, shared patterns of sub-cortical connectivity between connected posterior and frontal cortical areas, and topographic organization of cortical–striatal–pallidal–thalamocortical circuits. We integrate these principles into a single model that accounts for a substantial amount of connectivity in the forebrain. We then suggest that studies in evolution and development can account for these four principles, by assuming that the ancestral vertebrate pallium was dominated by medial, hippocampal and ventral–lateral, pyriform areas, and at most a small dorsal pallium. The small dorsal pallium expanded massively in the lineage leading to primates. During this expansion, topological, adjacency relationships were maintained between pallial and sub-pallial areas. This maintained topology led to the connectivity gradients seen between cortex, striatum, pallidum, and thalamus.
Treatment of giant intracranial aneurysms: long-term outcomes in surgical versus endovascular management
Authors: Santoro Antonio , Armocida Daniele , Paglia Francesco , Iacobucci Marta , Berra Luigi Valentino , D’Angelo Luca , Cirelli Carlo , Guidetti Giulio , Biraschi Francesco , Cantore Giampaolo 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAneurysms with a major diameter > 25 mm are defined as giant intracranial aneurysms (GIAs). Different clinical, pathological, and radiological factors were revealed as playing a role in choosing the best strategy between surgical and endovascular approaches. Despite the improvement of both techniques, the efficacy and safety of these different management are still debated. We evaluated the differences in clinical and radiological outcomes of GIAs treated with surgical and endovascular techniques in a large retrospective mono-centric study. We compared aneurysm location, clinical, morphological features, treatment outcome, and complications on the ground of treatment technique. The final cohort consisted of 162 patients. All the patients were assigned on the ground of the type of eligible treatment: surgical (118 patients) and endovascular procedure (44 patients). The different treatment strategies were made through a multidisciplinary selection whereas clinical parameters, location, and morphologic features of the aneurysm were considered. The surgical group manifested a greater reduction in performance levels and neurological status in the post-operative phases than the endovascular group (p < 0.01) with a higher incidence of complications (p = 0.012) in contrast to a lower recurrence rate (p > 0.01). There is no significant difference in post-operative mortality and survival between surgical and endovascular groups. The surgical group manifested a higher incidence of complications after treatment. The endovascular group has a better post-operative outcome, but a higher risk of recurrence and the necessity of further treatment.
Nutrients (N, P, K, Na) and warming affect heterotrophic respiration in temperate forest litter
Authors: Szlachcic Ewa , Rożen Anna 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAt present, ecosystems are facing changes caused by global warming and anthropogenic impacts on geochemical cycles. Both temperature and nutrient availability affect litter decomposition; however, little is known about their simultaneous effect on litter decomposition in temperate forests, especially for nutrients such as Na and K. To address this perspective, we investigated how changes in N, P, Na and K supply and increased temperature affect litter decomposition measured as respiration. Moreover, the study determines what changes can be expected in the functioning of two forest types of different fertility (deciduous and coniferous). The respiration measurements were conducted in the laboratory in mesocosms filled with litter from deciduous (oak-hornbeam) and coniferous (mixed pine-oak) forests fertilized by N, P, K, and Na. The experiment was conducted at ambient (14 °C; oak-hornbeam and mixed pine-oak litter) and increased temperatures (22 °C; oak-hornbeam litter). The respiration of oak-hornbeam litter increased with increasing temperature, with Q10 values ranging from 1.49 to 2.14. Our results showed different responses of respiration to nutrient addition between temperatures and litter types. In oak-hornbeam, at 14 °C, the addition of N, P and K decreased respiration, whereas at 22 °C, such an effect was noted only under N application, and P and Na addition increased respiration. In mixed pine-oak litter at 14 °C, respiration decreased after Na addition, and other nutrients had no effect. Together, our results suggest that forecasting the impact of nutrient deposition on ecosystem functioning should consider temperature rise as a factor altering ecosystem responses to fertilization in future research.
A systematic review of multimodal prehabilitation in breast cancer
Authors: Toohey Kellie , Hunter Maddison , McKinnon Karen , Casey Tamara , Turner Murray , Taylor Suzanne , Paterson Catherine 
Published: October 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Breast cancer is the most prevalent malignancy in women. Prehabilitation may offer improvements in physical and psychological wellbeing among participants prior to treatment. This systematic review aimed to determine the efficacy of prehabilitation in participants diagnosed with breast cancer.

Methods
A systematic review was performed according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) Guidelines. Studies exploring the impact of prehabilitation in participants with breast cancer were included. Studies were assessed independently according to pre-eligibility criteria, with data extraction and methodological quality assessed in parallel.

Results
3184 records were identified according to our search criteria, and 14 articles were included. Articles comprised of quantitative randomised controlled trials (n = 7), quantitative non-randomised studies (n = 5), a qualitative study (n = 1), and a mixed-method study (n = 1). The majority of selected studies completed exercise programs (n = 4) or had exercise components (n = 2), with two focusing on upper-limb exercise. Five articles reported complementary and alternative therapies (n = 5). Two articles reported smoking cessation (n = 2), with a single study reporting multi-modal prehabilitation (n = 1). Mostly, prehabilitation improved outcomes including physical function, quality of life, and psychosocial variables (P < 0.05). The qualitative data identified preferences for multimodal prehabilitation, compared to unimodal with an interest in receiving support for longer.

Conclusions
Prehabilitation for patients with breast cancer is an emerging research area that appears to improve outcomes, however, ensuring that adequate intervention timeframes, follow-up, and population groups should be considered for future investigations.

Implications for Cancer Survivors
The implementation of prehabilitation interventions for individuals diagnosed with breast cancer should be utilised by multidisciplinary teams to provide holistic care to patients as it has the potential to improve outcomes across the cancer care trajectory.
Logic and language in Indian religions
Authors: Bronkhorst Johannes 
Published: October 2022

AbstractThis article concentrates on certain beliefs that many Indian thinkers implicitly accepted and that show up in an analysis of reasoned arguments they presented. These beliefs concerned the relationship between language and reality. For Brahmanical thinkers, who owed their privileged position in society in great part to their mastery of texts — the Veda — that were deemed to be directly connected to reality, this relationship between language and reality was a matter of course. For reasons of their own, Buddhist thinkers had come to think that the world of our experience is largely determined by language. This shared belief, which most often though not always remained implicit, found its way into certain arguments. These arguments remain unintelligible without an awareness of the underlying belief.
Freedom, Equality, and Justifiability to All: Reinterpreting Liberal Legitimacy
Authors: Andersson Emil 
Published: October 2022

AbstractAccording to John Rawls’s famous Liberal Principle of Legitimacy, the exercise of political power is legitimate only if it is justifiable to all citizens. The currently dominant interpretation of what is justifiable to persons in this sense is an internalist one. On this view, what is justifiable to persons depends on their beliefs and commitments. In this paper I challenge this reading of Rawls’s principle, and instead suggest that it is most plausibly interpreted in externalist terms. On this alternative view, what is justifiable to persons is not in any way dependent on, or relativized to, their beliefs and commitments. Instead, what is justifiable to all in the relevant sense is what all could accept as free and equal. I defend this reinterpretation of the view by showing how it is supported by Rawls’s account of the freedom and equality of persons. In addition, a considerable advantage of this suggestion is that it allows for an inclusive account of to whom the exercise of political power must be made justifiable.
An optimal eighth order derivative free multiple root finding numerical method and applications to chemistry
Authors: Zafar Fiza , Cordero Alicia , Ashraf Ifra , Torregrosa Juan R. 
Published: October 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we present an optimal eighth order derivative-free family of methods for multiple roots which is based on the first order divided difference and weight functions. This iterative method is a three step method with the first step as Traub–Steffensen iteration and the next two taken as Traub–Steffensen-like iteration with four functional evaluations per iteration. We compare our proposed method with the recent derivative-free methods using some chemical engineering problems modelled as nonlinear equations with simple and multiple roots. Stability of the presented family of methods is demonstrated by using the graphical tool known as basins of attraction.