bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Developing scaling laws to predict compressive mechanical properties and determine geometrical parameters of modified BCC lattice structures
Authors: Abdulhadi Hasanain S. , Fadeel Abdalsalam , Alwattar Tahseen A. , Mian Ahsan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThe objective of this study is to develop generalized empirical closed‐form equations to predict the compressive mechanical properties and determine geometrical parameters. To achieve that, 117 models are built and analyzed using ABAQUS/CAE 2016 to provide two types of reliable data: one for lattice mechanical properties based on finite element method and the other for geometrical parameters using the measurements of ABAQUS diagnostic tool. All the models are created by modifying the basic feature of body‐centered cubic lattice structure based on a range of strut angles, a set of relative densities, and two design sets. Also, the influence of lattice cell tessellations and material distribution at strut intersections are considered within these models to provide accurate results. The first data set is fitted with the scaling laws, relating relative elastic modulus and stress with the relative density, to determine Gibson and Ashby's coefficients. The second type of data regarding lattice geometries is correlated with the relative density to estimate actual lattice volume, strut radius, aspect ratio, and overall lattice volume. By this way, these equations can be used to predict directly the lattice characteristics and geometrical parameters without the need for ABAQUS. The results show that the generalized empirical closed‐form equations can predict well both the lattice characteristics and geometries. In addition, the relative stresses and elastic modulus increase with increasing the strut angles since the main deformation mechanisms move toward stretch‐dominated rather than bending. Besides, Gibson and Ashby's coefficients along with the geometrical factors of aspect ratios are found to be approximately similar for both generations. This study contributes to developing efficient equations to provide the researchers with a preliminary insight about the best lattice design and its compatibility in a certain application before starting the fabrication process.
Power production forecast for distributed wind energy systems using support vector regression
Authors: Yakoub Ghali , Mathew Sathyajith , Leal Joao 
Published: September 2022

AbstractDue to the inherent intermittency in wind power production, reliable short‐term wind power production forecasting has become essential for the efficient grid and market integration of wind energy. The current wind power production forecasting schemes are predominantly developed for wind farms. With the rapid growth in the microgrid sector and the increasing number of wind turbines integrated with these local grids, power production forecasting schemes are becoming essential for distributed wind energy systems as well. This paper proposes a power production forecasting scheme developed explicitly for distributed wind energy projects. The proposed system integrates two submodels based on support vector regression: one for downscaling the wind speed predictions to the hub coordinates of the turbine and the other for predicting the site‐specific performance of the turbine under this wind condition. The forecasting horizons considered are the hour ahead (t + 1) and the day ahead (t + 36), which align with the Nord pool's energy market requirements. For the day‐ahead scheme, a multistep recursive approach is adopted. The accuracy and adaptability of the proposed forecasting scheme are demonstrated in the case of a distributed wind turbine.
Thermoelectric cooler performance enhancement using thermoelectric generators and their use as a single model to improve the performance of thermal battery management systems for electric vehicles
Authors: Hameed Majid M. , Mansor Muhamad , Azrin Mohd Azau Mohd , Muhsin Sadiq 
Published: September 2022

AbstractConventional automobiles that operate on fossil fuels have recently been recognized as one of the significant contributors to environmental pollution, particularly given their increasing numbers in relation to the global population. Electric vehicle (EV) is considered as an excellent solution to this problem. The most difficult challenge is increasing the production of EVs using efficient and affordable batteries. All types of batteries used in EV have a power loss occurs in the form of temperature. The development of a battery thermal management system (BTMS) is a formidable obstacle. The new concept aims to improve the thermoelectric cooler (TEC) efficiency by integrating it with a thermoelectric generator (TEG), which is accomplished by fabricating a TEC‐TEG model. The goal of combining a TEG and a TEC is to utilize waste heat generated on the TEC hot side and convert it into a stream that can be used to feed the TEC and increase its efficiency. Finally, the objectives of this paper are:
To investigate the working principle of TEC‐TEG model to regulate EV battery's temperature.
To design a hybrid air‐forced TEC‐TEG model for EV batteries.
To assess and verify the efficiency of a hybrid TEC‐TEG model in regulating an EV battery temperature.
Neural efficiency and proficiency adaptation of effective connectivity corresponding to early and advanced skill levels in athletes of racket sports
Authors: Gao Qing , Luo Ning , Sun Mengli , Zhou Weiqi , Li Yan , Liang Minfeng , Yang Chengbo , Zhang Mu , Li Rong , Gong Lisha , Yu Jiali , Leng Jinsong , Chen Huafu 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis study explored how the neural efficiency and proficiency worked in athletes with different skill levels from the perspective of effective connectivity brain network in resting state. The deconvolved conditioned Granger causality (GC) analysis was applied to functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data of 35 elite athletes (EAs) and 42 student‐athletes (SAs) of racket sports as well as 39 normal controls (NCs), to obtain the voxel‐wised hemodynamic response function (HRF) parameters representing the functional segregation and effective connectivity representing the functional integration. The results showed decreased time‐to‐peak of HRF in the visual attention brain regions in the two athlete groups compared with NC and decreased response height in the advanced motor control brain regions in EA comparing to the nonelite groups, suggesting the neural efficiency represented by the regional HRF was different in early and advanced skill levels. GC analysis demonstrated that the GC values within the middle occipital gyrus had a linear trend from negative to positive, suggesting a stepwise “neural proficiency” of the effective connectivity from NC to SA then to EA. The GC values of the inter‐lobe circuits in EA had the trend to regress to NC levels, in agreement with the neural efficiency of these circuits in EA. Further feature selection approach suggested the important role of the cerebral‐brainstem GC circuit for discriminating EA. Our findings gave new insight into the complementary neural mechanisms in brain functional segregation and integration, which was associated with early and advanced skill levels in athletes of racket sports.
Winning applicants and influencing job seekers: An introduction to the special issue on employer branding and talent acquisition
Authors: Yu Kang Yang Trevor , Dineen Brian R. , Allen David G. , Klotz Anthony C. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis article introduces the special issue in Human Resource Management featuring employer branding and talent acquisition. We provide a brief history of talent acquisition and introduce an employer branding approach to this process, especially emphasizing the potential of this approach for building competitive advantage. The challenges of employer branding on social media in the digital age are also highlighted. We then introduce the five papers contained in this issue, each representing a variety of levels of analysis, theoretical perspectives, environmental contexts, and methodological and design approaches to scholarly investigations on this topic. Our introduction concludes with a list of research questions characterizing an agenda for future research based aroundthe themes of (i) macro contextual effects; (ii) strategic employer branding; (iii) psychology and processing of employer brands; (iv) role the time; and (v) methods and approaches.
Use of geostatistical models to evaluate landscape and stream network controls on post‐fire stream nitrate concentrations
Authors: Rhea Allison E. , Covino Timothy P. , Rhoades Charles C. , Brooks Alexander C. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractForested watersheds provide many ecosystem services, such as the filtration of sediment, pollutants, and nutrients, which are increasingly threatened by wildfire. For example, stream nutrient concentrations often increase following wildfire and can remain elevated for decades, making downstream waters susceptible to eutrophication. We investigated the drivers of persistent elevated stream nutrients, specifically nitrate (NO3−), in nine watersheds that were burned 16 years prior by the Hayman fire, Colorado, USA. We evaluated the ability of multiple linear regression and spatial stream network modeling approaches to predict observed concentrations of the biologically active solute NO3− and the conservative solute sodium (Na+) which serves as a partial control. Specifically, we quantified the degree to which landscape and stream network characteristics predict stream solute concentrations. Stream Na+ exhibited strong spatial autocorrelation that was primarily controlled by topography and hydrology. In contrast, stream NO3− had higher spatial variability and was inversely correlated to vegetation cover, measured as mean normalized differenced moisture index (NDMI). Spatially heterogeneous wildfire behaviour left intact forest patches interspersed with high burn severity patches dominated by shrubs and grasses which contributes to the spatial variability in stream NO3− concentrations. Post‐fire vegetation also interacts with watershed structure to influence stream NO3− patterns. For example, severely burned convergent hillslopes in headwaters positions were associated with the highest stream NO3− concentrations due to the high proportional influence of hillslope water in these locations. Our findings suggest that targeted reforestation in severely burned convergent hillslopes in headwater positions may enhance the recovery of stream NO3− concentrations to pre‐fire levels.
FOLFIRINOX or gemcitabine/nab‐paclitaxel in advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma: A novel validated prognostic score to facilitate treatment decision‐making in real‐world
Authors: Marschner Norbert , Hegewisch‐Becker Susanna , Reiser Marcel , von der Heyde Eyck , Bertram Mathias , Hollerbach Stephan H. , Kreher Stephan , Wolf Thomas , Binninger Adrian , Chiabudini Marco , Kaiser‐Osterhues Anja , Jänicke Martina ,   The TPK‐Group (Tumour Registry Pancreatic Cancer)
Published: September 2022

AbstractThere is no prospective, randomised head‐to‐head trial comparing first‐line FOLFIRINOX and gemcitabine/nab‐paclitaxel in advanced pancreatic cancer. We assess real‐world effectiveness and quality of life (QoL) of both regimens using a new prognostic score. This analysis includes 1540 patients with advanced pancreatic cancer from the prospective, clinical cohort study Tumour Registry Pancreatic Cancer separated into learning (n = 1027) and validation sample (n = 513). The Pancreatic Cancer Score (PCS) was developed using multivariate Cox regression. We compared overall survival (OS) and time to deterioration (TTD) for longitudinal QoL between first‐line FOLFIRINOX (n = 407) and gemcitabine/nab‐paclitaxel (n = 655) according to patients' prognostic risk, after inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) by propensity score analysis. The PCS includes nine independent prognostic factors for survival: female sex, BMI ≥24/unknown, ECOG performance status ≥1, Charlson comorbidity index ≥1, tumour staging IV/unknown at primary diagnosis, liver metastases, bilirubin >1.5× upper limit of normal (ULN), leukocytes >ULN and neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio ≥4. Median OS of the validation sample was 11.4 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 10.4‐14.4), 8.5 (95% CI: 6.8‐9.6) and 5.9 months (95% CI: 4.0‐7.4) for favourable‐ (0‐3 risk factors), intermediate‐ (4‐5 factors) and poor‐risk group (6‐9 factors), respectively. After IPTW, only poor‐risk patients had significantly longer median OS and TTD of overall QoL with FOLFIRINOX (OS: 6.9 months, 95% CI: 3.9‐13.3; TTD: 10.6 months, 95% CI: 2.0‐14.1) vs gemcitabine/nab‐paclitaxel (OS: 4.0 months, 95% CI: 2.8‐4.8; TTD: 4.1 months, 95% CI: 2.4‐4.5). Our novel PCS may facilitate treatment decisions in clinical routine of advanced pancreatic cancer, since only poor‐risk, but not favourable‐risk patients, seem to benefit from intensified treatment with FOLFIRINOX.
Abnormal uterine artery Doppler ultrasound during gestational 21–23 weeks associated with pre‐eclampsia
Authors: Li Meng , Yue Chaoyan 
Published: September 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo assess whether abnormal uterine artery Doppler ultrasound during weeks 21–23 of pregnancy was associated with an increased risk of pre‐eclampsia.MethodsOur retrospective cohort study analyzed uterine artery ultrasound parameters in singleton pregnant women at 21–23 weeks of pregnancy and assessed the association between abnormal ultrasound findings and the risk of pre‐eclampsia. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to estimate the relative risk between uterine artery ultrasound and pre‐eclampsia.ResultsCompared with normal results, unilateral pulsatile index abnormality (odds ratio [OR] 2.3, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.71–3.10), bilateral pulsatile index anomalies (OR 6.21, 95% CI 3.53–10.95), unilateral resistance index abnormality (OR 2.36, 95% CI 1.75–3.17), bilateral resistance index anomalies (OR 2.83, 95% CI 1.27–6.32), unilateral notch (OR 3.66, 95% CI 2.03–6.62), bilateral notch (OR 5.80, 95% CI 3.30–10.20) were associated with pre‐eclampsia. For every 0.1 increase in the median multiple of mean pulsatile index, the risk of pre‐eclampsia increased by 13%; for every 0.1 increase in the median multiple of mean resistance index, the risk of pre‐eclampsia increased by 22%.ConclusionMultiples of the median for the pulsatile and resistance indices are an effective evaluation tool. Abnormal uterine artery ultrasound indices are strongly associated with the development of pre‐eclampsia.
Factorization‐based active contour segmentation and pelican optimization‐based modified bidirectional long short‐term memory for ovarian tumor detection
Authors: Jeya Sundari M. , Brintha N. C. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractThis paper proposes a novel three‐dimensional convolution neural network‐based modified bidirectional long short‐term memory with pelican optimization (3D CNN based MBiLSTM with PO) algorithm for multiclass ovarian tumor detection. Initially, the International Collaboration on Cancer Reporting endometrial cancer dataset images are provided in pre‐processing phase, which uses a pre‐emphasis filter to process the input image. In the segmentation phase, pre‐processed data is then partitioned into diverse subgroups (i.e., pixels), which minimizes the complexity of images. In this paper, a factorization‐based active contour technique is employed in the effective segmentation of images. The segmented features are then extracted and classified using the 3D CNN‐MBiLSTM with PO algorithm. Finally, the experimental results are conducted and compared with various other approaches for various performance metrics. Each metric is evaluated with respect to the different number of iterations. The accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity have reached a higher value of 98.5%, 96%, and 98.25%, respectively.
Steviol glycosides affect functional properties and macromolecular expression of breast cancer cells
Authors: Velesiotis Christos , Kanellakis Marinos , Vynios Demitrios H. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractSteviol glycosides, the active sweet components of stevia plant, have been recently found to possess a number of therapeutic properties, including some recorded anticancer ones against various cancer cell types (breast, ovarian, cervical, pancreatic, and colon cancer). Our aim was to investigate this anticancer potential on the two most commonly used breast cancer cell lines which differ in the phenotype and estrogen receptor (ER) status: the low metastatic, ERα+ MCF‐7 and the highly metastatic, ERα−/ERβ+ MDA‐MB‐231. Specifically, glycosides' effect was studied on cancer cells': (a) viability, (b) functionality (proliferation, migration, and adhesion), and (c) gene expression (mRNA level) of crucial molecules implicated in cancer's pathophysiology. Results showed that steviol glycosides induced cell death in both cell lines, in the first 24 hr, which was in line with the antiapoptotic BCL2 decrease. However, cells that managed to survive showcased diametrically opposite behavior. The low metastatic ERα+ MCF‐7 cells acquired an aggressive phenotype, depicted by the upregulation of all receptors and co‐receptors (ESR, PGR, AR, GPER1, EGFR, IGF1R, CD44, SDC2, and SDC4), as well as VIM and MMP14. On the contrary, the highly metastatic ERα−/ERβ+ MDA‐MB‐231 cells became less aggressive as pointed out by the respective downregulation of EGFR, IGF1R, CD44, and SDC2. Changes observed in gene expression were compatible with altered cell functions. Glycosides increased MCF‐7 cells migration and adhesion, but reduced MDA‐MB‐231 cells migratory and metastatic potential. In conclusion, the above data clearly demonstrate that steviol glycosides have different effects on breast cancer cells according to their ER status, suggesting that steviol glycosides might be examined for their potential anticancer activity against breast cancer, especially triple negative breast cancer (TNBC).
Low‐power compact continuous‐wave stimulated emission depletion microscopy
Authors: Han HongYi , Wang Luwei , Zhou Hanqiu , Xing Xiuquan , Guo Yong , Zhu Yinru , Yan Wei , Qu Junle 
Published: September 2022

AbstractStimulated emission depletion (STED) microscopy can break the optical diffraction barrier and provide subdiffraction resolution. According to the STED superresolution imaging principle, the resolution of STED is positively related to the power of the depletion laser. However, high‐laser power largely limits the study of living cells or living bodies. Moreover, the high complexity and high cost of conventional pulsed STED microscopy limit the application of this technique. Therefore, this paper describes a simple continuous‐wave STED (CW‐STED) system constructed on a 45 × 60 cm breadboard and combined with digitally enhanced (DE) technology; low‐power superresolution imaging is realized, which has the advantages of reducing system complexity and cost. The low‐system complexity, low cost, and low‐power superresolution imaging features of CW‐STED have great potential to advance the application of STED microscopy in biological research.
Preschool development, temperament and genetic liability as early markers of childhood ADHD: A cohort study
Authors: Tobarra‐Sanchez Esther , Riglin Lucy , Agha Sharifah S. , Stergiakouli Evie , Thapar Anita , Langley Kate 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBackgroundADHD is associated with multiple adverse outcomes and early identification is important. The present study sets out to identify early markers and developmental characteristics during the first 30 months of life that are associated with ADHD 6 years later.Methods9201 participants from the prospective Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) birth cohort were included. Outcome measures were parent‐rated ADHD symptom scores (Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, SDQ) and ADHD diagnosis (Development and Wellbeing Assessment, DAWBA) at age 7. Seventeen putative markers were identified from previous literature and included: pre‐ and peri‐natal risk factors, genetic liability (ADHD polygenic risk scores, PRS), early development, temperament scores and regulatory problems. Associations were examined using regression analysis.ResultsUnivariable regression analysis showed that multiple early life factors were associated with future ADHD outcomes, even after controlling for sex and socio‐economic status. In a multivariable linear regression model; temperament activity scores (B = 0.107, CI = 0.083–0.132), vocabulary delay (B = 0.605, CI = 0.211–0.988), fine motor delay (B = 0.693, CI = 0.360–1.025) and ADHD PRS (B = 0.184, CI = 0.074–0.294) were associated with future symptoms (R2 = 10.7%). In a multivariable logistic regression model, ADHD PRS (OR = 1.39, CI = 1.10–1.77) and temperament activity scores (OR = 1.09, CI = 1.04–1.16) showed association with ADHD diagnosis.ConclusionAs well as male sex and lower socio‐economic status, high temperament activity levels and motor and speech delays in the first 30 months of life, are associated with childhood ADHD. Intriguingly, given that genetic risk scores are known to explain little of the variance of ADHD outcomes, we found that ADHD PRS added useful predictive information. Future research needs to test whether predictive models incorporating aspects of early development and genetic risk scores are useful for predicting ADHD in clinical practice.
Development of professional identity among dental students – A qualitative study
Authors: Du Xiangyun , Al Khabuli Jumma O. S. , Ba Hattab Raidan A. S. , Daud Aala , Philip Nebu I , Anweigi Lamyia , Matoug‐Elwerfelli Manal , Ali Kamran 
Published: September 2022

AbstractPurposeThe study explored dental students’ perception of their professional identity (PI) development at a newly established dental college with a problem‐based learning (PBL) curriculum.MethodsQualitative methods based on focus groups were used for data collection. The conceptual framework of the study was informed by a subject‐centered sociocultural approach to PI development. Purposive sampling was used to collect data from five focus groups of undergraduate dental students to gain a deeper understanding of their PI development in a PBL environment.ResultsOut of a total of 38 dental students in years 2 and 3, 34 students (89.47%) participated in the focus groups. A theory‐driven thematic analysis was used to dissect the views and experiences of the participants to explore factors contributing to PI development in the early years of the program. At an individual level, PBL was seen to be appropriate for PI development. However, some participants placed more emphasis on practical training in operative dental skills. Relational sources especially role modeling by the PBL facilitators and faculty staff were identified as a key factor to nurture PI development. Mixed views were observed on the value of PBL to enhance team‐working skills. The participants also identified challenges of PBL and provided recommendations on further improvements to enhance the learning experiences of the students.ConclusionsThis study provided useful insights into a PBL curriculum at a newly established dental institution. The findings underscore the value of PBL in developing PI and also highlight the challenges of implementing PBL in a socio‐cultural context and pedagogical implications for further program improvement.