bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Amphiregulin Regulates Differentiation of Dental Pulp Stem Cells by Activation of Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase and the Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase Signaling Pathways
Authors: He Wenxi , Li Junqing , Wang Zhihua , Wang Juan , Guo Qian , Fu Yi , Dai Zihan , Wang Minghao , Bai Yu , Liu Xin , Cooper Paul , Wu Jiayuan 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: Human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) have received widespread attention in the fields of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Although amphiregulin (AREG) has been shown to play a vital function in the biological processes of various cell types, its effects on DPSCs is still unknown. The aim of this study was to explore the specific role of AREG as a biologically active factor in the regeneration of dental pulp tissue.Methods: The growth of hDPSCs, together with their proliferation and apoptosis, in response to AREG was examined by CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry. We explored the effects of AREG on osteo/odontogenic differentiation in vitro and investigated the regeneration and mineralization of hDPSCs in response to AREG in vivo. The effects of AREG gain-and loss-of-function on DPSC differentiation were investigated following transfection using overexpression plasmids and shRNA, respectively. The involvement of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) or phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathways in the mineralization process and expression of odontoblastic marker proteins after AREG induction was investigated by using Alizarin Red S staining and western blotting. Results: AREG (0.01-0.1µg/mL) treatment of hDPSCs from 1 to 7 days minimally increased hDPSCs growth and marginally affected apoptosis compared with negative controls. AREG exposure significantly promoted hDPSCs differentiation, shown by increased mineralized nodule formation and the expression of odontoblastic marker protein expression. In vivo micro-CT imaging and quantitative analysis showed significantly greater formation of highly mineralized tissue in the 0.1μg/mL AREG exposure group in DPSC/NF-gelatin-scaffold composites. AREG also promoted extracellular matrix production, with collagen fiber, mineralized matrix, and calcium salt deposition on the composites, as shown by H&E, Masson, and Von Kossa staining. Furthermore, AREG overexpression boosted hDPSCs differentiation while AREG silencing inhibited it. During the differentiation of DPSCs, AREG treatment led to phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and PI3K/Akt. Notably, a specific inhibitor of ERK, JNK, and PI3K/Akt signaling markedly reduced AREG-induced differentiation, as well as levels of phosphorylated ERK and JNK in hDPSCs. Conclusions: Data indicated that AREG enabled odontoblastic differentiation and facilitated the regeneration and mineralization processes in hDPSCs.
Numerical Simulation of Flow Characteristics In Compound Channels With Emergent Vegetation
Authors: Zhu Yunze , Pan Cunhong , Sun Yihao 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
As part of the coastal wetland ecosystems, mangroves thrive at the interface between land and water. The slope connecting the main river channel and floodplain has been found with different angle. The vegetation density also influence the penetration of the flow. This research studied the hydrodynamics in a partially vegetated compound channel by using the 2DH RANS model in Delft3D. The numerical model is calibrated with the results of flume experiments. The drag coefficient with a value of 0.8 and the background horizontal eddy viscosity with a value of 10-4 m2/s are suggested according to calibration of the model. The influence of different slope angle and vegetation density on flow characteristics is studied. It is concluded from the model results that a denser vegetation patch leads to stronger momentum exchange at the edge of vegetation patch. It is also found that a slope angle around 1/10, which is the most typical slope angle in Mekong estuarine system, leads to the strongest eddy structure and the largest amount of momentum transport into the vegetation patch. It implies that a slope angle around 1/10 might be the equilibrium state of topography in mangrove coast.
Lymphocele or Seroma After Modified Radical Mastectomy for Breast Cancer: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Authors: CRESTANI Adrien , Katia MAHIOU , Marie-Lucile BODET , Alice ROOSEN , Claire BONNEAU , Roman ROUZIER 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Seroma or lymphocele remains the most common complication after mastectomy and lymphadenectomy for breast cancer. Many different techniques are available to prevent this complication. We searched MEDLINE, clinicaltrials.gov, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases for publications addressing the issue of prevention of lymphocele or seroma after mastectomy and axillary lymphadenectomy. Quality was assessed using a standardised tool. Incidence of seroma or lymphocele were collected. Fifteen randomized controlled trials including a total of 1,766 patients undergoing radical mastectomy and axillary lymphadenectomy for breast cancer were retrieved. The incidence of lymphocele or seroma in the study population was 24.2% (411/1698): 25.2% (232/920) in the test groups and 23.0% (179/778) in the control groups. Neither modification of surgical technique (RR= 0.86; 95%CI [0.72, 1.03]) nor application of a medical treatment (RR= 0.96; 95%CI [0.72, 1.29]) was effective in preventing lymphocele. On the contrary, decreasing the drainage time increased the risk of lymphocele (RR= 1.88; 95%CI [1.43, 2.48). To conclude, despite the heterogeneity of study designs, drainage appears to be the most effective technique.
A Comparative Analyses of Dexamethasone and Neem Leaf Extract for Treating Cigarette-Smoke Induced Liver Injury in Swiss Mice
Authors: Verma Anushree , Sini Subhashini , Srivash Vishal , Khajuria Yashasvi 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Cigarette smoke induces cytokines and lipid peroxidation in liver cells contributing to one of the causes for mortality across the globe. Dexamethasone is widely used for medication yet it decreases the levels of glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase in macrophages. Therefore, present study focused on the comparison between dexamethasone and Azadirachta indica leaf extract for treating hepato-injury caused by cigarette smoke in mice. The phytochemical screening of A. indica ethanolic leaf extract revealed the abundance of sterols, proteins, alkaloids, flavanoids and diterpenes that could have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. In this context, Swiss mice were treated with cigarette smoke, dexamethasone and A. indica leaf extract. Dexamethasone treated mice exclusively resulted in mortality rate of 20%. These mice expressed elevated inflammatory cells with higher levels of liver markers, alanine aminotransferase (ALT; 56.00 IU/L) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST; 64.90 IU/L). Moreover, these mice revealed the prevalence of relative oxygen species (ROS) at 32500 RFU and eosinophil peroxidase (EPO) level at 1.97 absorbance units with declined superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels of 4.3 n kat/mg. Whereas, tissue recovery was spotted in the mice treated with A. Indica leaf extract with highly declined levels of liver markers, AST (10.20 IU/L) and AST (15.90 IU/L). Furthermore, these mice resulted in lesser amount of ROS at 21900 RFU and EPO levels at 1.08 absorbance unit with increased SOD levels of 7.17 n kat/mg. This is the first report demonstrating in vivo effects of Azadirachta indica ethanolic leaf extract in treating cigarette smoke induced hepatic chronic inflammation in animal model which gave better results when compared to dexamethasone.
Impact of Industrially Affected Soil on Human: a Soil-human and Soil-plant-human Assessment
Authors: Jolly Yeasmin Nahar , Sakib M. Sadman , Shahadat M. Ashemus , Rakib Md. Refat Jahan , Rahman Arafat , Akter Shirin , Kabir Jamiul , Mamun Khan M. , Rahman M. Safiur , Begum Bilkis Ara , Rahman Rubina 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Present study was sketched to estimate the level of heavy metals (Cr, Fe, Cu, Zn, As and Pb) in the industrially affected soil, their source apportionment, degree of pollution and estimation of probable health risk by direct soil exposure and via dietary intake of vegetables grown in the affected soil. Mean concentrations of Cr, Fe, Cu, Zn, As and Pb was found 61.27, 27274, 42.36, 9.77, 28.08 and 13.69 and 0.53, 119.59, 9.76, 7.14, 1.34 and 2.69 mg/kg for affected soil and vegetable samples, respectively. The origin of Fe, Cu, Zn and Pb were found lithogenic, while Cr and As were anthropogenic. A moderate enrichment was noted by Cr, As, and Pb in the entire sampling site, indicating a progressive depletion of soil quality. Bioaccumulation factor (BCF) value for all the vegetables were recorded BCF<1; however Metal pollution index (MPI) value stipulate a pretty high value in the vegetable samples. Health effect on account of direct exposure of contaminated soils manifested more hazardous than dietary intake of heavy metal contaminated vegetables and children were found more vulnerable receptors compare to adults. However, this study can be used as a reference towards similar types of study to evaluate heavy metal contaminated soil impact on the population of Bangladesh and other countries as well.
The Effect of Synbiotic Supplementation on Fatigue and Sleep Quality in End-Stage Renal Disease Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis : Study Protocol for a Double-Blind Controlled Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Jesmi Ali Asghar , Jangpoor Mina , Mahdavifar Neda 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Background: Chronic kidney disease is one of the public health issues in the world. Imbalances in the gut microbiome have been revealed to contribute to the progression of multiple diseases including Chronic Kidney disease. The consumption of probiotics and synbiotics in the treatment of various diseases has a significant progression. The present study will investigate the effects of synbiotics supplement on intestinal microbiome through monitoring of inflammatory factor C Reactive Protein and Hemoglobin and ultimately its effect on fatigue and sleep quality of End Stage Renal Disease patients undergoing hemodialysis.Design and Methods: Sixty patients with End Stage Renal Disease who undergoing haemodialysis will be recruited in this double-blind randomized controlled trial. Participants will be randomly assigned via permuted block randomization to intervention and control group. The intervention group received 500 mg of synbiotic (lactoker) twice a day for eight weeks and the control group received placebo for the same period. The "Chalder Fatigue" and "Pittsburgh Sleep Quality" questionnaires, Hemoglobin and C Reactive Protein level will be assessed at the beginning, week four and at the end of the study.Discussion: To our best knowledge, this is the first randomized controlled trial that will determine the effect of symbiotic supplement on the intestine microbiota and its probable impacts on Hemoglobin and C Reactive Protein as an inflammatory factor level and consequently its effect on fatigue and sleep quality of End Stage Renal Disease patients undergoing hemodialysis.Trial registration: IRCT20210117050055N1. Registered on 2021-02-21. https://www.irct.ir/trial/53770
First Approval of Generic Mometasone Furoate Nasal Suspension Spray in Japan: Similarities and Differences Between Japan and the USA
Authors: Kuribayashi Ryosuke , Kasuga Miho , Kuwana Kimika , Yamaguchi Toru 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW) in Japan approved the first generic version of Nasonex in February 2018. The Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency requires in vitro, pharmacokinetic, and pharmacodynamic or clinical endpoint data to approve generic nasal spray drug products. However, the MHLW has not published basic principle for approving nasal generic drug products. Therefore, this article summarizes the data used for the approval of the first generic Nasonex based on publicly available data. Additionally, we compare the bioequivalence evaluations regarding the human studies based on the generic version of Nasonex between Japan and the USA.
Results And Epidemiological Impact of The Directly Observed Antiparasitic Treatment For Canine Echinococcosis.
Authors: Montalvo Raúl , Huiza Alina , Nuñez Vladimir , Quiñonez Pilar , Montalvo Jorge , Rojas Armida , Ochoa Salome 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Cystic echinococcosis (CE) continues to be one of the main health problem in cattle regions. Controlling the disease requires new therapeutic strategies. The objective was evaluated the results of an intervention program based on the directly observed antiparasitic treatment to dogs in an endemic area of ​​CE. Methods: A quasi-experimental study of a single cohort of dogs from a CE endemic area was conducted. To identify infected dogs, stool samples were analyzed for coproantigens by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, before and after the direct and observed administration of praziquantel 5 mg per kg orally every 30 days for 3 consecutive months once a year for two years. Results: A total of 252 dogs entered the study, of which 119 (47%) dogs presented positive results for E. granulosus at the beginning of the intervention. The adverse effects that occurred with the administration of praziquantel were vomiting (13%), diarrhea (2.4%) and lethargy (2%); 229 dogs completed the 2 treatment cycles with praziquantel. The presence of some positive coproantigen was evident in 03 (1.3%) dogs after the intervention. In conclusion: Antiparasitic chemotherapy administered directly to dogs was able to reduce the prevalence of canine echinococcosis after 2 years of intervention.
Leukocyte Ratios and Prognosis in Dogs with Primary Immune-Mediated Hemolytic Anemia: A Pilot Study
Authors: Alaimo Chiara , De Feo Giulia , Lubas George , Gavazza Alessandra 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Canine immune-mediated hemolytic anemia (IMHA) is a life-threatening condition that is commonly associated with neutrophilia and monocytosis. Leukocyte ratios have been found to have prognostic value in humans and animals affected by a range of inflammatory, infectious, and neoplastic disorders. We hypothesized that in primary IMHA, neutrophil to lymphocyte (NLR), neutrophil to monocyte (NMR), band neutrophil to segmented neutrophil (BNR) and monocyte to lymphocyte (MLR) ratios would be higher in dogs that did not survive to discharge. Medical records of dogs diagnosed with IMHA at two veterinary teaching hospitals were retrospectively reviewed. Twenty-three of the 72 included dogs do not survive to discharge. NLR, NMR, BNR and MLR ratios were compared between dogs that survived to discharge and dogs that died or were euthanized. None of the ratios were significantly different between survivors and non-survivors (P = 0.14-0.99). Area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve for prediction of non-survival ranged from 0.5 (95% confidence interval 0.38-0.62) for MLR to 0.61 (0.49-0.72) for NMR and was not significantly different from 0.5 for any ratio (P = 0.29-0.99). After exclusion of 31 dogs that received one or both of immunosuppression and blood transfusion before presentation, the area under the ROC curve for prediction of survival was significantly different from 0.5 for MLR (0.78, P = 0.01) and NMR (0.78, P = 0.0002). This pilot study suggests MLR and NMR may be of prognostic value in untreated dogs with IMHA.
Dietary Supplementation of Phytoncide and Soybean Oil Increases Milk Conjugated Linoleic Acid and Depresses Methane Emissions in Lactating Holstein Cows
Authors: Lee HongGu , Kim TaeBin , Bae MunHee , Lee JaeSung , Nejad Jalil Ghassemi 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine whether adding phytoncide oil (PO) and soybean oil (SBO) to the dairy cow diet could increase milk conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and depress methane (CH4) emissions in lactating Holstein cows. Rumen fermentation was conducted at four levels of SBO (0, 1, 2, and 4%, on DM basis) and two levels of PO (0 and 0.1%, on DM basis) with in vitro experiment. To evaluate blood parameters, fecal microbe population, milk yield fatty acid compositions, and methane production, in vivo experiment was conducted using 38 Holstein dairy cows divided into two groups of control (fed TMR) and treatment (fed TMR with 0.1% PO and 2% SBO as DM basis). In the in vitro study (Experiment 1), PO or SBO did not affect ruminal pH. However, SBO tended to decrease ruminal ammonia-N (p = 0.099). Additionally, PO or SBO significantly decreased total gas production (p = 0.041 and p = 0.034, respectively). Both PO and SBO significantly decreased methane production (p < 0.05). In addition, PO significantly increased both CLA (c9, t11 and t10, c12 CLA) (p < 0.001). Collectively, 0.1% PO and 2% SBO was selected that improved CLA and methane production most effectively and did not induce abnormal ruminal fermentation. In the in vivo study (Experiment 2), 0.1% PO with 2% SBO (PSO) did not affect CBC. However, it decreased BUN and MG levels in blood (p = 0.021 and p = 0.01, respectively). PSO treatment decreased pathogenic microbes (p < 0.05). It increased milk yield (p = 0.017) but decreased percentage of milk fat (p = 0.013) and decreased MUN level (p < 0.01). In addition, PSO treatment increased both CLA and PUFA in milk (p < 0.01). Finally, it decreased methane emissions from dairy cows. These results provide compelling evidence that PSO supplemented with a TMR-based diet can simultaneously increase CLA synthesis and decrease methane production with no influence on the percentage of milk fat in lactating Holstein cows.
Rapid Assay of Plastic Biodegradation Using Simply Fabricated Polyethylene Nanoparticles
Authors: hesami faeze , Gharavi Sara , Asgarani Ezat , Zarrabi Mahboobeh , Soudi Mohammadreza , Moosavi-Nejad Zahra 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
Synthetic polymers, such as polyethylene (PE), are produced daily in large quantities and due to their unique properties, like durability and low cost, consumed in various capacities around the world subsequently accumulating in terrestrial and marine environments. In recent years, the toxicological effects of these plastic particles on the environment, food chain, and public health as well as bioremediation approaches for the removal of these wastes has been the focus of several studies. Easy access to nano and micro sized PE particles in these approaches is crucial and urgent. In this research, we report a simple, fast, cost-effective method for the production of nano polyethylene particles (NPE) which are stable, capable of dispersion in water and without chemical modifications. PE particles were characterized by dynamic light scattering (DLS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) analysis. As a result, particles were made with a wide range of sizes 72-1005 nm (but mostly at size of 500 nm) with PDI of 0.88. The non-toxic nature of these nanoparticles for microorganisms were tested by MTT assay. The relevance of this method for the production of NPE is especially prominent in toxicity assessment studies which evaluate the effects of these particles in living organisms. Moreover, this method can be used to generate particles for efficient selection of PE-degrading microorganisms from the environment and scaled up for industrial use to facilitate the degradation process of PE and conversion of wastes to high-value products.
Iterative learning control for time-delay non-linear DPS hyperbolic type
Authors: Meryem Hamidaoui , Shao Cheng , Haouassi Samia 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
In this paper, we examine the application of the iterative learning control to a class of nonlinear varying time-delay distributed parameter system hyperbolic types. The proposed algorithm is based on the PD-type iterative learning control algorithm with initial state learning. Initially, we present the system and the control law utilized. Subsequently, we presented some dilemmas. Then, adequate conditions for monotone convergence of the tracking error are established under the suitable assumption. Similarly, we give a precise convergence analysis based on formerly given lemmas and Gronwall’s inequality for the system. Finally, we illustrate the effectiveness of the method using a numerical example.
Intensity of Insecticide Resistance in the Major Malaria Vector Anopheles Funestus From Chikwawa, Rural Southern Malawi
Authors: Kumala Justin , Koekemoer Lizette L , Coetzee Maureen , Mzilahowa Themba 
Published: January 2022

Abstract
BackgroundMalaria vector control using insecticide-based approaches, has proven to be an effective strategy. However, widespread insecticide resistance among malaria vector populations across sub-Saharan Africa threatens to derail control efforts. This study was conducted in Chikwawa district, an area in rural southern Malawi characterised by persistent malaria transmission and reports of insecticide resistance in the local mosquito population. The study aimed to characterise the intensity of insecticide resistance within a population of Anopheles funestus, a major vector of malaria in this district.MethodsLive adult females belonging to the An. funestus group were collected from households by indoor aspiration. A modified CDC bottle assay was used for phenotypic quantification of resistance to deltamethrin, permethrin and alpha-cypermethrin at 1X, 2.5X, 5X and 10X the recommended diagnostic doses. WHO tube assays were used to determine susceptibility to bendiocarb, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and pirimiphos-methyl insecticides at diagnostic concentrations. ResultsAnopheles funestus exposed to 10x concentrations was highly resistant to alpha-cypermethrin (mortality 95.4%) whereas there was 100% mortality to both deltamethrin and permethrin at the same dose. Despite susceptibility at 10X, mortality to deltamethrin and permethrin at 5X was 96.7% and 97.1% respectively, indicating moderate resistance to the two insecticides. WHO susceptibility assays indicated strong resistance against bendiocarb (mortality 33.8%, exposed n= 93) whereas there was full susceptibility to DDT (mortality 98.9%, n= 103) and pirimiphos-methyl (mortality 100%, n= 103).ConclusionsStrategies for managing resistance, particularly against pyrethroids, must be urgently implemented to maintain the effectiveness of bed nets, which remain the primary vector control intervention in the area. This includes the wide scale introduction of third generation synergist ITNs and next-generation dual active ingredient ITNs. The use of effective non-pyrethroids such as pirimiphos-methyl, clothianidin and potentially DDT, could provide a window of opportunity for IRS across the district. This would support the current Malawi Insecticide Resistance Management Plan which aims at rotating insecticides to minimise selection pressure and slow down the evolution of resistance to approved insecticides. This will help to prevent malaria vector control failure and improve progress towards malaria elimination.