bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The onset of double diffusive convection in a rotating bi-disperse porous medium
Authors: Capone Florinda , De Luca Roberta , Massa Giuliana 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIt is well known that when a horizontal layer of fluid is heated from below, a thermal boundary layer of less dense and hot fluid rises up. When this boundary layer becomes unstable, convective motion in the fluid above sets in. Forecasting when instabilities take place is essential. When a salt dissolved in a fluid saturating a porous medium heated from below is considered, simultaneous mass diffusion and thermal diffusion occur. Unlike the diffusion of heat, the diffusion of salt can take place only through the fluid phase, so an additional physical effect has to be considered: the Soret effect, that is the mass flux created by a temperature gradient. In the present paper the onset of convection in a rotating layer of bi-disperse porous medium saturated by a binary fluid mixture, taking into account theSoret effect, is analysed. Linear stability analysis is performed in order to determine the instability thresholds for the onset of convection via a steady state (stationary convection) and via an oscillatory state (oscillatory convection). Nonlinear stability analysis is performed to obtain the global stability threshold with respect to the$$L^2$$L2-norm.
Hardware Realization of Kinematic Mechanism and Control System of Multifunctional Industrial Robot
Authors: Zhang Kai , Gao Jihao , Wang YunFei , Liang MingLiang 
Published: September 2022

In order to improve the position control accuracy of industrial robots and solve the problems of poor real-time and reconfigurability of traditional motion controllers, a hardware implementation method for the motion mechanism and control system of multi-functional industrial robots is proposed. The video acquisition system is suitable for infrared detectors containing 4 channels or readout circuits in 4 channels. The video display system is compatible with the old AV/S-Video interface, and is also suitable for computer system video graphics array (VGA) analog video interface and high-definition video interface. Multimedia Interface (HDMI) digital high-definition video interface display terminal equipment. The hardware circuit of video acquisition and corresponding video interface image output is designed, including signal amplification circuit, analog-to-digital conversion circuit, video information buffer circuit, video display digital-to-analog conversion circuit, and interface hardware circuit, to realize the digitization of image information acquisition and image information. Display simulation, construct VGA, AV/S-Video, and HDMI timing sequence with hardware description language through Field programmable gate array (FPGA) to complete the display of corresponding terminal equipment. The experimental results show that the experimental data was substituted into the formula and the variance

σ

= 0.09 mm was found, indicating that the detection error of the system is less than 0.27 mm, which meets the detection requirements. Through the 3D contour reconstruction experiment of the workpiece, the expected function realization of each module is proved, and the feasibility of the system software and hardware system is verified. This design has good scalability and stability, reducing labor costs.
Development and Validation of a Novel Nomogram to Predict the Risk of Intervertebral Disc Degeneration
Authors: Li Fudong , Sun Xiaofei , Wang Yuan , Gao Lu , Shi Jiangang , Sun Kaiqiang 
Published: September 2022

Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) has been a complex disorder resulted from genetic and environmental risk factors. The aim of this study was to identify the risk factors associated with IVDD in orthopaedic patients and develop a prediction model for predicting the risk of IVDD. A total of 309 patients were retrospectively included in the study and randomly divided into the training group and the validation group. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression (LASSO) and the univariate logistic regression analysis were used to optimize factors selection for the IVDD risk model. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to establish a predicting nomogram model incorporating the factors. In addition, discrimination, calibration, and clinical usefulness of the nomogram model were evaluated via the C-index, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, calibration plot, and decision curve analysis (DCA). Then, based on the results above, the relationship between IVDD and angiotensin II (AngII) level in peripheral blood was examined prospectively. The predictors of the nomogram include age, sex, hypertension, diabetes, gout, working posture, and exercising hours per week. The

C

-index values of the training and validation groups were 0.916 (95% CI, 0.876-0.956) and 0.949 (95% CI, 0.909-0.989), respectively, which indicated that the model displayed good discrimination. In addition, the area under the curve (AUC) values of the ROC curve of the training and the validation group were 0.815 (95% CI, 0.759-0.870) and 0.805 (95% CI, 0.718-0.892), respectively, revealing the satisfactory discrimination performance of the model. The prospective investigation showed that the average AngII level in the degenerated group (

97.62
±
44.02

pg/mL) was significantly higher than that in the nondegenerated group (

52.91
±
9.01

pg/mL) (

p
<
0.001

). This present study explored the risk factors for IVDD and established a prediction model, which would effectively predict the risk of IVDD. In addition, based on the prediction model, AngII was revealed to be a potentially auxiliary clinical diagnostic marker for IVDD.
The Ameliorative Role of Eugenol against Silver Nanoparticles-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Male Wistar Rats
Authors: Yousef Hany N. , Ibraheim Somaya S. , Ramadan Ramadan A. , Aboelwafa Hanaa R. 
Published: September 2022

Background. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) utilization is becoming increasingly popular. The existing investigation evaluates the ameliorative impact of eugenol (Eug) against the toxic influences of AgNPs on rats’ liver. Methods. Sixty adult male rats were enrolled equally into control, Eug (100 mg kg-1 orally), AgNPs-low dose (1 mg kg-1 i.p), AgNPs-high dose (2 mg kg-1 i.p), Eug + AgNPs-low dose (

100

mg

k

g

−
1

orally
+
1

mg

k

g

−
1

i
.
p

), and Eug + AgNPs high dose (

100

mg

k

g

−
1

orally
+
2

mg

k

g

−
1

i
.
p

). All the groups were treated daily for 30 days, subsequently serum aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total protein, total albumin, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), total oxidative capacity (TOC), malondialdehyde (MDA), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and interleukin 6 (IL-6) levels were measured; hepatic tissues superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), reduced glutathione (GSH), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) levels were evaluated; histopathology and histomorphometry were documented in the liver of all groups; and Bcl-2, P53, Caspase-3, and TNF-α reactive proteins were also immunohistochemically detected. Results. AgNPs significantly triggered oxidative stress in hepatic tissues, characterized by elevated levels of AST, ALT, ALP, LDH, TOC, MDA, TNF-α, and IL-6 correlating with considerable decline in total protein, total albumin, TAC, SOD, CAT, GSH, and GPx. These changes were paralleled with histopathological alterations remarkable by devastation of the ordinary hepatic structure, with decrease in the numbers of normal hepatocytes, elevation in the numbers of necrotic hepatocytes, periportal and centrilobular inflammatory cells, deteriorated Kupffer cells, and dilated/congested central and portal veins. Alongside, a marked diminution in Bcl-2 immunoreactivity and a significant elevation in P53, Caspase-3, and TNF-α immunoreactivities were recorded. Supplementation of AgNPs-treated animals with Eug reversed most of the biochemical, histopathological, and immunohistochemical changes. Conclusion. This study proposed that Eug has an ameliorative effect against AgNPs-induced hepatotoxicity.
Validation of the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy/Gynecologic Oncology Group Neurotoxicity Questionnaire for the Latin American Population
Authors: Ribeiro Ivana Leao , Lorca Luz Alejandra , Cuevas-Cid Rodrigo , Dixit Snehil , Yáñez-Benavides Nicolás , Ortega-Gonzalez Francisco 
Published: September 2022

Background. Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy is a common adverse effect of chemotherapeutic treatment and is associated with decreased quality of life. The aim of this study was to evaluate the validity and reliability of the neurotoxicity subscale of the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy/Gynecologic Oncology Group-Neurotoxicity (FACT/GOG-Ntx) for the Chilean population. Methods. A cross-sectional study in which 101 participants with haematologic, colorectal, breast, gastric, gynaecological, and other types of cancer completed the FACT/GOG-Ntx. Content validity (

n
=
14

health professionals evaluated the subscale in four categories: test-retest reliability (

n
=
20

patients), dimensionality, internal consistency, and concurrent validity and discriminant validity. In all analyses,

p
<
0.05

was considered significant. Results. There was an agreement among the evaluators for all categories of the subscale (Kendall’s coefficient,

W
=
0.4

,

p
<
0.01

) and moderate to high intrarater reliability (

intraclass

correlation

coefficient
=
0.7
–
0.9

). Of the 11 original items that make up the subscale, none was eliminated. The factor analysis generated four factors that represented 72.2% of the total variance. Cronbach’s

α

was 0.8 for the 11 items. Women showed greater compromise in emotional well-being and neurotoxicity symptoms compared with men, and age was directly correlated with the questions ‘I have difficulty hearing’ (

r
=
0.2

,

p
=
0.019

) and ‘I feel a noise or buzzing in my ears’ (

r
=
0.2

,

p
=
0.03

). Conclusion. The Chilean version of the FACT/GOG-Ntx neurotoxicity subscale is a valid and reliable scale for evaluating neurotoxicity symptoms in adult cancer survivors in Latin America. The scales also adequately distinguish between sex-based well-being among the afflicted population.
Reference intervals for clinical biochemistry and haematology tests during normal pregnancy
Authors: Groenendijk Wendy , Bogdanet Delia , Dervan Louise , Finn Oisin , Islam Md Nahidul , Doheny Helen , Griffin Tomás P. , Blake Liam , Lyons Mark , Kilcooley Mary , Krawczyk Janusz , Gilmore Ruth , Griffin Damian G. , Gaffney Geraldine , Dunne Fidelma P. , O’Shea Paula M. 
Published: September 2022

Background Pregnancy induces physiological changes which affect biochemical and haematological parameters. As the significance of laboratory test results change throughout pregnancy, the reference interval (RI) or key result interpretive guide should be specific to pregnancy. This study sought to establish trimester-specific-RIs for routine biochemical and haematological tests in healthy white European women with singleton pregnancies with comparison to RIs for non-pregnant European adults. Methods A retrospective analysis of a prospective longitudinal single-centre study of healthy pregnant women conducted between November 2018 and December 2020 in a tertiary academic hospital with approximately 3000 births annually. Inclusion criteria: signed informed consent, age ≥18 years, white European, body mass index (BMI) <25 kg/m2, blood pressure <140/90mmHg, non-smoker, no previous pathology or gestational diabetes. Trimester defined as T1: up to 13 weeks + 6 days, T2: 14–27 weeks + 6 days and T3: ≥28–41 weeks + 6 days. Baseline demographics, anthropometric and laboratory measurements were recorded. In total, 31 biochemical and 10 haematological ISO15189:2012 accredited tests were measured using Roche Cobas® and Sysmex XN-9100™ analysers, respectively. RIs were established according to the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry (IFCC) recommended method. Results Apparently healthy pregnant women ( n = 124) with bio-banked serum samples in each trimester were recruited. At the booking visit, 49.2% ( n = 61) of participants were nulliparous, with median age of 34.4 (IQR: 31.3–37.3) years, gestational age of 89 (IQR: 84–93) days, BMI of 22.5 (IQR: 21.0–23.7) kg/m2 and systolic and diastolic blood pressure of 116 (110–125) mmHg and 67 (61–75) mmHg, respectively. Conclusions Normative trimester-specific biological intervals for routinely requested biochemical and haematological medical laboratory tests were established. These RIs will be invaluable to result interpretation and the management of pregnant women.
Appropriateness of Empirical Antibiotic Therapy for Cervicitis and Urethritis Prescribed in the Emergency Department
Authors: de Lorenzo-Pinto Ana , Ortega-Navarro Cristina , Torroba-Sanz Beatriz , Fernández-Llamazares Cecilia M. , Taladriz-Sender Irene , Castuera-Gil Ana , A. Andueza Lillo Juan , Sanjurjo-Sáez María 
Published: September 2022

Objectives: Sexually transmitted infections are a prevalent global health care problem. Treatment guidelines have recently been updated as a result of antimicrobial resistance and public health trends. The aim of the study was to assess the appropriateness of empirical antibiotic therapy prescribed for cervicitis and urethritis in the emergency department. Methods: We designed a retrospective observational cohort study. We included adult patients with suspected cervicitis or urethritis who attended the emergency department of a tertiary hospital in 2020. We excluded patients with suspected pelvic inflammatory disease, pregnancy or prostatitis and those requiring admission to hospital. Appropriateness of empirical antibiotic therapy was evaluated taking into account 4 aspects: indication, dosing, duration of therapy, and route of administration. Data were obtained from the electronic medical record, the electronic prescription program, and the discharge summary. Results: The study population comprised 176 patients; mean age was 28.9 years (SD = 7.7), and 90.9% were men. The most prescribed treatment was the combination of ceftriaxone and azithromycin (83.0%). Treatment was inappropriate in 71.6% of patients. A total of 159 drug errors were recorded. The most frequent cause was undertreatment (36.4%) related to underdosing (46.5%), particularly with regard to ceftriaxone. The percentage of errors was 11.9% for indication, 84.9% for dosing, 3.1% for duration, and 0% for route of administration. Conclusions: A high percentage of patients who attended the emergency department for suspected cervicitis or urethritis received an inappropriate empirical antibiotic regimen. The main reason was undertreatment due to underdosing.
Contralateral Sinonasal Symptoms Following Unilateral Endoscopic Sinus Surgery
Authors: Gulati Reeti K , Hur Kevin , Schneider Alexander L , Price Caroline PE , Welch Kevin C 
Published: September 2022

Objectives To explore the degree to which patients undergoing unilateral endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) experience post-operative contralateral sinonasal symptoms and determine risk factors for contralateral symptomatology following unilateral ESS. Methods Patients who underwent unilateral surgery for chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) were contacted and asked if they felt symptomatic on the contralateral side at that point in time. Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE) scores were obtained based on contralateral symptomatology they recalled at the following time points: pre-ESS, 1 month post-ESS, and 3 months post-ESS. Demographics, contralateral symptomatology, and NOSE scores were compared between those with 2 or fewer sinusotomies versus 3 or more sinusotomies. Results Of the 97 patients included in this study, 24% of patients reported contralateral congestion, a median of 24 months post-ESS, and more than 10% of patients reported other contralateral symptoms including swelling, rhinorrhea, difficulty breathing, and hyposmia post-ESS. Those with 2 or fewer sinusotomies were more likely to feel that they had developed worsened sensation of contralateral sinus swelling ( P = .008). The median amount of time from the participants’ index surgery until the time they were interviewed was 24 months. There were no differences in long-term contralateral symptomatology between those who did and did not have septoplasty (27%). Conclusion Patients who have unilateral ESS for CRS may experience long-term contralateral symptoms. Having a septoplasty did not affect contralateral symptoms.
The ProtekDuo for percutaneous V-P and V-VP ECMO in patients with COVID-19 ARDS
Authors: El Banayosy Ahmed M , El Banayosy Aly , Brewer Joseph M , Mihu Mircea R , Chidester Jaclyn M , Swant Laura V , Schoaps Robert S , Sharif Ammar , Maybauer Marc O 
Published: September 2022

Objective: The ProtekDuo with oxygenator mimics veno-venous (V-V) extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in veno-pulmonary (V-P) configuration. We have recently developed a new configuration by utilizing a 25 Fr multistage femoral venous drainage cannula and by returning oxygenated blood through both lumina of the double lumen ProtekDuo cannula (V-VP configuration), thereby creating partial right ventricular bypass and oxygenated blood flow of up to seven LPM. We investigated our experience with V-P and V-VP ECMO in patients suffering from COVID-19 acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Methods: Single center, retrospective observational study. Results: Of nine patients, one was initiated on V-A, two on V-P, and six on V-V ECMO. All patients were reconfigured to V-P and five patients in addition had V-VP ECMO configuration. All patients had at least one and up to three circuit exchanges. Patients were on ECMO support between 20 and 122 (55 ± 29) days, were in ICU between 46 and 161 (78 ± 40) days with a total hospital length of stay between 35 and 171 (82 ± 42) days. Six of nine (67%) patients could successfully be weaned off ECMO, survived, and were discharged. Conclusion: The ProtekDuo cannula in V-P configuration provides ECMO blood flow while reducing RV flow, wall-stress and dilatation, as well as oxygen consumption. The V-VP configuration is useful to provide high blood flows of up to seven LPM of oxygenated blood, and partial RV support without over-circulating the pulmonary vascular bed. Our results show that V-P and V-VP ECMO configurations are feasible, have good outcome and are without complications.
Thermoplastic polyurethane composites based on iron tailings: An effective strategy for industrial solid waste utilization
Authors: Liu Xinliang , Yang Sujie , Zhou Xiangyu , Liu Chunlin , Liu Mengru , Tang Gang , Kan Yongchun , Deng Dan , Wen Panyue 
Published: September 2022

The massive production and accumulation of industrial solid waste-iron tailings not only occupy valuable land resources but also easily cause environmental pollution and personnel injury. Based on this, the thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU)/modified iron tailings (MIT) composites were prepared by surface modification of iron tailings (MIT) and adding it as flame retardant to TPU. The combustion performance and smoke toxicity of TPU/MIT composites were analyzed by thermogravimetric analysis (TG), thermogravimetric-spectroscopy (TG-IR) and cone calorimetry (CCT). The morphology and structure of the carbon slag of the composites were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and Raman spectroscopy. The results showed that the initial thermal decomposition temperature (T-5%) of TPU/MIT30 composite increased at about 7oC, and the residual carbon content at 700oC increased from 3.13 wt% to 32.17 wt%. The peak heat release rate(PHRR), total heat release(THR) and total smoke release(TSR) of TPU/MIT30 composite decreased from 800.6 kW/m2, 83.1 MJ/m2 and 827.6 m2/m2 of pure TPU to 488.0 kW/m2, 63.6 MJ/m2 and 517.4 m2/m2, respectively. The SEM and Raman1 spectroscopy of char residue showed that the compactness and graphitization degree of char residue for TPU/MIT30 composite was the highest, indicating that the MIT could effectively improve the fire safety of TPU composites. This study provided some ideas for the high-value utilization of iron tailings.
Isolated Clones of a Human Colorectal Carcinoma Cell Line Display Variation in Radiosensitivity Following Gamma Irradiation
Authors: Desai Rhea , Seymour Colin , Mothersill Carmel 
Published: September 2022

Objective To determine whether the width of the shoulder and the size of the bystander effect are correlated using clonal lineages derived from a cultured cell line. Methods HCT 116 (p53 wildtype) cells were grown at cloning density and individual viable colonies were picked off and grown to establish a series of cell lines from both unirradiated and irradiated progenitors. These cell lines were then irradiated to generate full survival curves. Highly variant clones were then tested to determine the level of the bystander effect using a medium transfer protocol. Results The multi-target model gave the best fit in these experiments and size of the shoulder n is assessed in terms of radiosensitivity. The parent cell line has an n value of 1.1 while the most variant clones have n values of 0.88 (Clone G) and 5.5 (Clone A). Clonal lines subject to irradiation prior to isolation differed in bystander signal strength in comparison to clonal lines which were not initially irradiated ( P = .055). Conclusions Based on these experiments we suggest there may be a link between shoulder size of a mammalian cell line and the strength of a bystander effect produced in vitro. This may have implications for radiotherapy related to out-of-field effects.
Medical Malpractice Trends in Dacryocystorhinostomy and Orbital Decompression
Authors: Tang Dennis M , Goli Rachna , Higgins Thomas S , Ting Jonathan Y , Illing Elisa A , Wu Arthur W 
Published: September 2022

Background and Objective This study aims to evaluate the medicolegal trends related to 2 common orbital surgeries: orbital decompression and dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR). These procedures are performed by ophthalmologists, otolaryngologists, and multidisciplinary teams of both specialists. Methods The Westlaw database was reviewed from 1980 to 2020 for medical malpractice cases involving orbital decompression and DCR surgeries. Data were compiled on plaintiff and defendant demographics, procedure performed, legal allegation, nature of injury, and verdict or settlement awards. The Ophthalmic Mutual Insurance Company was also queried for all malpractice cases pertaining to orbital decompression and DCR from 1995 to 2021. Results The Westlaw database included 60 cases (34 orbital decompression, 26 DCR); of these, 8 orbital decompression and 6 DCR cases met inclusion criteria. Of the 7 orbital decompression cases that were tried, a verdict in favor of the plaintiff occurred in 4 cases (57%). Of the 5 DCR cases that were tried, a verdict in favor of the plaintiff occurred in 2 cases (40%). A search of all claims at OMIC yielded 31 cases (15 orbital decompression, 16 DCR). 22 of 31 cases were either dismissed or resulted in no payment. The remainder was settled out of court, with only one case being tried and the verdict supporting the defendant. Conclusion Despite several thousand orbital decompressions and DCR surgeries being performed annually in the US, very few lawsuits involving these complex surgeries have gone to trial. However, of the cases that did go to trial, a relatively high proportion of verdicts for plaintiffs was observed.