bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nanocomposite films as electrochemical sensors for detection of catalase activity
Authors: Johnson Dwight , Kim Unyoung , Mobed-Miremadi Maryam 
Published: September 2022

Cross-linked hydrogel substrates have garnered attention as they simultaneously enable oxidoreductase reactions in a control volume extended to adsorption of redox capacitors for amplification of electrochemical signals. In this study, the effect of catalase immobilization in mold-casted alginate-based thin films (1 mm × 6 mm × 10 mm) containing multi walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) coated with chitosan has been studied via amperometry. The amperometric response was measured as a function of peroxide concentration, at a fixed potential of −0.4 V vs. SPCE in phosphate-buffered saline (pH = 7.4). Results indicate substrate detection is not diffusion-limited by the 100 μm thick chitosan layer, if the cationic polyelectrolyte is in contact with the sensing carbon electrode, and the linear detection of the enzyme absent in solution is enabled by immobilization (R2 = 0.9615). The ferricyanide-mediated biosensor exhibited a sensitivity of 4.55 μA/mM for the optimal formulation at room temperature comparable to other nanomaterial hybrid sensing solution namely amine-functionalized graphene with an average response time of 5 s for the optimal formulation. The suitability of the optimized chitosan-coated alginate slabs nano-environment for co-encapsulation of catalase and carbon nanotubes was confirmed by cyclic voltammetry.
Comparison of methods of isolating extracellular vesicle microRNA from HepG2 cells for High-throughput sequencing
Authors: Xiong Ying-Hui , Fan Xue-Gong , Chen Ya-Yu , Huang Yan , Quan Jun , Yi Pan-Pan , Xiao Mei-Fang , Huang Ze-Bing , Hu Xing-Wang 
Published: September 2022

Background: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) were reported to participate in various cellular processes based on the biomolecules, particularly microRNAs. Numerous commercial EVs isolation reagents are available. However, whether these reagents are suitable for separating EVs from the culture medium supernatant supernatant of model cell lines, such as HepG2, and whether the isolated products are suitable for High-throughput sequencing remains unclear.Methods: We examined three commonly used EVs isolation kits: the ExoQuick-TC exosome precipitation solution (EQ), Total Exosome Isolation from cell culture medium (EI), and exoEasy Maxi Kit (EM), to isolate EVs from HepG2 cell culture medium supernatants. EVs were identified based on marker proteins, particle size measurements, and electron microscopy analysis. The total amounts of microRNA and microRNA High-throughput sequencing data quality from EVs isolated by each kit were compared.Results: The total amount of EVs’ microRNA isolated from the EI and EM groups were higher than that obtained from the EQ group (EQ/EI: p = 0.036, EI/EM: p = 0.024). High-throughput sequencing data quality evaluation showed that the EI group possessed higher quality than those in the EM group.Conclusion: For the cell culture medium from HepG2, EVs’ microRNA isolated by EI reagents might be more suitable for High-throughput sequencing applications.
Moving HER2-low breast cancer predictive and prognostic data from clinical trials into the real world
Authors: Di Cosimo Serena , La Rocca Eliana , Ljevar Silva , De Santis Maria Carmen , Bini Marta , Cappelletti Vera , Valenti Marta , Baili Paolo , de Braud Filippo G. , Folli Secondo , Scaperrotta Gianfranco , Volpi Chiara , Vingiani Andrea , Vernieri Claudio , Verderio Paolo , Miceli Rosalba , Pruneri Giancarlo 
Published: September 2022

Background: Previous data, mostly from clinical trials, reported that HER2-low status is associated with low pathological complete response (pCR), and favourable prognosis. Since these findings suggest the existence of an additional breast cancer subtype, we questioned if the predictive/prognostic value of HER2-low was also relevant in the real world.Methods: Data from non-metastatic breast cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy and surgery (2009–2020) were retrieved from our institutional prospectively-maintained registry. Univariable and multivariable logistic models were implemented to study the association between pCR and baseline HER2 status. Univariable analysis of disease-free survival (DFS) was performed through Kaplan-Meier survival curves and log-rank tests.Results: Starting from a total of 790 consecutive cases, we identified 444 newly-diagnosed breast cancer patients featuring HER2 immunohistochemistry (IHC) 0 (HER2-0, n = 109), and 1 + or IHC 2+/in situ hybridization negative (HER2-low, n = 335) receiving anthracycline and taxane-based regimens in 88.9% of cases. Most of the patients were diagnosed with stage II (67.3%) and there was no difference of disease presentation according to HER2-status. pCR was attained by 71 (16.0%) patients and was significantly associated with increased DFS (p = 0.031). Compared to HER2-0, HER2-low cases were more likely hormone receptor-positive (81.2% vs. 43.1%, p &lt; 0.001), well-differentiated (47.5% vs. 26.6%, p = 0.001), less proliferative (21.5% vs. 8.3%, p = 0.001) and less responsive to treatment (pCR 11.6% vs. 29.4%, p &lt; 0.0001). There was no difference in DFS according to HER2 status, though hormone-receptor (HR) negative/HER2-low cases tended to have a worse prognosis compared to HR-negative/HER2-0. By pCR achievement, 3-years DFS was 87.5.% (75.1–100%) vs. 71.6% (65.9–77.8%) (p = 0.161) in HER2-low and 89.1% (75.8–100%) vs. 72.1% (59.7–87.0%) (p = 0.092) in HER2-0.Conclusion: Our real-world data show that HER2-low breast cancer patients represent roughly a half of the cases treated with neoadjuvant therapy, and have poor treatment response. In absence of pCR, HER2-low breast cancer patients have a dismal prognosis, especially when primary tumor hormone receptor status is negative. Studies are therefore needed to define the biology of these tumors for new therapeutic targets and to incorporate HER2-targeting agents in early-stage treatment.
Mind–Body Exercises for Non-motor Symptoms of Patients With Parkinson’s Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Wang Kai , Li Kunbin , Zhang Peiming , Ge Shuqi , Wen Xiaopeng , Wu Zhiyuan , Yao Xianli , Jiao Bing , Sun Pingge , Lv Peipei , Lu Liming 
Published: September 2022

Objective: This study aimed to systematically evaluate the effects of mind–body exercise on global cognitive function, depression, sleep disorders, fatigue level, and quality of life (QOL) in a Parkinson’s disease (PD) population.Methods: Total six English and Chinese databases were searched for articles published up to May 2021. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating mind–body excises on non-motor symptoms of PD were included. The Cochrane risk of bias tool was used to assess the methodological quality, and we defined high-quality studies as having a low risk of bias in four or more domains. Global cognitive function was considered the primary outcome and was assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). The secondary outcomes included QOL, fatigue, depression, and sleep quality, which were measured using the Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire (PDQ-39), 16-item Parkinson’s Disease Fatigue Scale (PFS-16), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and revised Parkinson’s Disease Sleep Scale (PDSS-2), respectively. Subgroup analyses were conducted for global cognitive function and QOL to assess the optimal treatment measure across the various mind–body exercises.Results: Fourteen RCTs with 404 patients were finally included in the meta-analysis. Eight (57.14%) studies were of high quality. The pooled results showed that mind–body exercises generally had a significant advantage over the control intervention in improving global cognitive function (MD = 1.68; P = 0.0008). The dose subgroup analysis revealed that the low dose (60–120 min per week) and moderate dose (120–200 min per week) significantly increased MoCA scores compared with the control group (MD = 2.11, P = 0.01; MD = 1.27, P = 0.02, respectively). The duration subgroup analysis indicated a significant difference in the effect of the duration (6–10 and &gt;15 weeks) on increasing MoCA scores compared with the control group (MD = 3.74, P &lt; 0.00001; MD = 1.45, P = 0.01, respectively).Conclusion: Mind–body exercise may improve global cognitive function, sleep quality, and QOL in the PD population. In addition, low to moderate doses and appropriate durations significantly improved global cognitive function.Clinical Trial Registration: [www.ClinicalTrials.gov], identifier [CRD42021275522].
Reducing intravenous thrombolysis delay in acute ischemic stroke through a quality improvement program in the emergency department
Authors: Yuan Guangxiong , Xia Hong , Xu Jun , Long Chen , Liu Lei , Huang Feng , Zeng Jianping , Yuan Lingqing 
Published: September 2022

ObjectiveThis study aims to investigate the effectiveness of a quality improvement program for reducing intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) delay in acute ischemic stroke (AIS).Materials and methodsWe implement a quality improvement program consisting of 10 interventions for reducing IVT delay, including the establishment of an acute stroke team, standardized management of stroke teams, popularization of stroke and its treatment, emergency bypass route (BER), the achievement of computed tomography (CT) priority, no-delay CT interpretation, intravenous thrombolysis on the CT table, payment after treatment, whole recording, and incentive policy. We retrospectively analyzed the clinical time and outcome data of AIS patients treated with IVT in pre-intervention (108 patients) and post-intervention groups (598 patients), and further compared the differences between the non-emergency bypass route (NBER) and BER in the post-intervention group.ResultsThe thrombolysis rate increased from ~29% in the pre-intervention group to 48% in the post-intervention group. Compared with the pre-intervention group, the median of door-to-needle time (DNT) was greatly shortened from 95 to 26 min (P &lt; 0.001), door-to-CT time (DCT) was noticeably decreased from 20 to 18 min (P &lt; 0.001), and onset-to-needle time (OTT) significantly declined from 206 to 133 min (P = 0.001). Under the new mode after the intervention, we further analyzed the IVT delay difference between the NBER (518 patients) and BER groups (80 patients) from the post-intervention group. The median values of DNT (18 vs. 27 min, P &lt; 0.001), DCT (10 vs. 19 min, P &lt; 0.001), and OTT (99 vs. 143 min, P &lt; 0.001) showed significant reductions in the BER group. The quality improvement program under the emergency platform successfully controlled the median of DNT to within 26 min.ConclusionsCollectively, the BER mode is a feasible scheme that greatly decreased DNT in AIS patients, and the secret to success was to accomplish as much as possible before the patient arrives at the emergency room.
The association of healthy eating index with periodontitis in National Health and Nutrition Examination Study 2011–2012
Authors: Li Xin-yu , Liu Hui , Zhang Lu-yu , Yang Xi-tao 
Published: September 2022

AimPeriodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disorder caused by periodontopathic bacteria that causes inflammation of the supporting tissues around teeth. Previous studies have found that daily dietary nutritional intake can influence the development of periodontal disease. However, research on the Healthy Eating Index’s involvement in periodontitis is limited. The purpose of this study was to look at the link between the Healthy Eating Index and periodontitis.Methods and designWe examined data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Study (NHANES), a nationally representative survey that was performed in 2-year cycles from 2011 to 2012. As part of our investigation, we used multivariate logistic regression models to investigate the independent relationship between the Healthy Eating Index and periodontitis. We used odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals to assess the significance of the connection (95% CI).ResultsIndividuals with a lower total healthy eating index were more likely to have periodontitis. A higher healthy diet index was associated with a lower prevalence of periodontitis (OR = 0.69; 95%CI: 0.49–0.97), according to adjusted multivariate regression models. The restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis revealed that the non-linear relationship between HEI-2015 and periodontitis was statistically significant and that high HEI-2015 reduced periodontitis prevalence.ConclusionThe study’s findings revealed that dietary structure was linked to the prevalence of periodontitis. Patients with a higher Healthy Eating Index were less likely to have periodontitis. There is a need for future prospective longitudinal studies to confirm causality.
An economic evaluation of knee osteoarthritis treatments in Thailand
Authors: Luksameesate Parnnaphat , Tanavalee Aree , Taychakhoonavudh Suthira 
Published: September 2022

Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of different knee OA care sequences compared to standard treatment reimbursed by the major health insurance payer in Thailand.Method: We used decision analytical modeling to evaluate the effect of either adding etoricoxib or crystalline glucosamine sulfate compared to standard treatment from a societal perspective over patients’ lifetimes. Data were analyzed based on efficacy, whereas adverse events were considered as a substate. Model input data were retrieved from relevant published literature and the Standard Cost Lists for Health Technology Assessment, Thailand. All health outcomes were measured in a unit of quality-adjusted life-year (QALY). An incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) was applied to examine the costs and QALYs. Sensitivity analysis was performed to investigate the robustness of the model.Result: The results demonstrated that adding crystalline glucosamine sulfate (before diclofenac plus proton pump inhibitors, PPI) into the standard care sequence was a dominant strategy compared to the standard care sequence. Adding etoricoxib alone or including crystalline glucosamine sulfate (after diclofenac plus PPI) was dominated by adding crystalline glucosamine sulfate (before diclofenac plus PPI), whereas in a willingness-to-pay (WTP) threshold in Thailand, adding of both crystalline glucosamine sulfate (before diclofenac plus PPI) and etoricoxib were cost-effective when compared to adding crystalline glucosamine sulfate alone with ICER of 125,547 Thai baht/QALY (3,472 US dollars/QALY).Conclusion: The addition of crystalline glucosamine sulfate and etoricoxib into standard knee OA treatment were cost-effective at the WTP threshold in Thailand. In addition, early initiation of crystalline glucosamine sulfate would be less costly and more effective than delayed treatment or the use of standard treatment alone.
Fast data-driven computation and intuitive visualization of fiber orientation uncertainty in 3D-polarized light imaging
Authors: Schmitz Daniel , Benning Kai , Schubert Nicole , Minnerop Martina , Amunts Katrin , Axer Markus 
Published: September 2022

In recent years, the microscopy technology referred to as Polarized Light Imaging (3D-PLI) has successfully been established to study the brain’s nerve fiber architecture at the micrometer scale. The myelinated axons of the nervous tissue introduce optical birefringence that can be used to contrast nerve fibers and their tracts from each other. Beyond the generation of contrast, 3D-PLI renders the estimation of local fiber orientations possible. To do so, unstained histological brain sections of 70 μm thickness cut at a cryo-microtome were scanned in a polarimetric setup using rotating polarizing filter elements while keeping the sample unmoved. To address the fundamental question of brain connectivity, i. e., revealing the detailed organizational principles of the brain’s intricate neural networks, the tracing of fiber structures across volumes has to be performed at the microscale. This requires a sound basis for describing the in-plane and out-of-plane orientations of each potential fiber (axis) in each voxel, including information about the confidence level (uncertainty) of the orientation estimates. By this means, complex fiber constellations, e. g., at the white matter to gray matter transition zones or brain regions with low myelination (i. e., low birefringence signal), as can be found in the cerebral cortex, become quantifiable in a reliable manner. Unfortunately, this uncertainty information comes with the high computational price of their underlying Monte-Carlo sampling methods and the lack of a proper visualization. In the presented work, we propose a supervised machine learning approach to estimate the uncertainty of the inferred model parameters. It is shown that the parameter uncertainties strongly correlate with simple, physically explainable features derived from the signal strength. After fitting these correlations using a small sub-sample of the data, the uncertainties can be predicted for the remaining data set with high precision. This reduces the required computation time by more than two orders of magnitude. Additionally, a new visualization of the derived three-dimensional nerve fiber information, including the orientation uncertainty based on ellipsoids, is introduced. This technique makes the derived orientation uncertainty information visually interpretable.
Peer victimization (bullying) on mental health, behavioral problems, cognition, and academic performance in preadolescent children in the ABCD Study
Authors: Menken Miriam S. , Isaiah Amal , Liang Huajun , Rivera Pedro Rodriguez , Cloak Christine C. , Reeves Gloria , Lever Nancy A. , Chang Linda 
Published: September 2022

ObjectivePeer victimization is a substantial early life stressor linked to psychiatric symptoms and poor academic performance. However, the sex-specific cognitive or behavioral outcomes of bullying have not been well-described in preadolescent children.MethodsUsing the baseline dataset of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study 2.0.1 data repository (N = 11,875), we evaluated associations between parent-reported bullying victimization, suicidality (suicidal ideation, intent, and/or behavior), and non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI), as well as internalizing and externalizing behavioral problems, cognition, and academic performance.ResultsOf the 11,015 9-10-year-old children included in the analyses (5,263 girls), 15.3% experienced bullying victimization, as reported by the primary caregiver. Of these, boys were more likely to be bullied than girls (odds ratio [OR], 1.2 [95% CI, 1.1–1.3]; p = 0.004). Children who were bullied were more likely to display NSSI or passive suicidality (OR, 2.4 [95% CI, 2.0–2.9]; p &lt; 0.001) and active suicidality (OR, 3.4 [95% CI, 2.7–4.2]; p &lt; 0.001). Bullied children also had lower cognitive scores, greater behavioral problems, and poorer grades (p &lt; 0.001). Across all participants, boys had poorer grades and greater behavioral problems than girls; however, bullied boys had greater behavioral problems than girls in several areas (p &lt; 0.001). Compared to their non-bullied peers, bullied children with greater non-suicidal self-injury or suicidality also had greater behavioral problems and poorer grades (p &lt; 0.001).ConclusionThese findings highlight the sex-specific effects of bullying, and the negative associations of bullying victimization with cognitive performance, behavioral problems, and academic performance. Future longitudinal studies will identify the natural history and neural correlates of these deficits during adolescence.
Legislative and judicial responses to workplace sexual harassment in mainland China: Progress and drawbacks
Authors: Wang Hao 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundChina has recently upgraded its anti-sexual harassment laws and regulations. The first-ever Chinese Civil Code, which took effect in 2021, has explicitly defined sexual harassment and imposed affirmative duties on employers to prevent and correct work-related sexual harassment. This study aims to map the status quo of China's anti-sexual harassment legal system and explore its progress and limits in dealing with workplace sexual harassment.MethodsWe reviewed China's anti-sexual harassment laws at the national, provincial, and municipal levels and observed how they were enforced in courts. All judicial cases of workplace sexual harassment published by Chinese courts between January 2021 and June 2022 were examined. From a comparative law perspective, we then identified the progress and drawbacks of China's legislative and judicial responses to workplace sexual harassment.ResultsChina's current anti-sexual harassment legal system, while have made commendable progress, has its drawbacks: the definition of sexual harassment remains to be clarified and expanded to make it clear that sexual harassment is a form of gender discrimination and can include hostile environment harassment that is not directed against a specific person; the employer's obligations to prevent and correct sexual harassment need further delineation; employers lack guidelines for establishing a fair and effective grievance procedure; the difficulty of proving sexual harassment in litigation remains unsolved; the employer liability doctrine for sexual harassment lacks clarity; workers not in a traditional employment relationship receive inadequate legal protection from work-related sexual harassment.ConclusionsThe issues mentioned above merit consideration in China's future law revisions and judicial practice. In China and other societies where gender inequality remains high, it is recommended to regulate sexual harassment as a form of discrimination and to set clear compliance standards for employers in preventing and correcting sexual harassment.
Tree-based, two-stage risk factor analysis for postoperative sepsis based on Sepsis-3 criteria in elderly patients: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Peng Xiaorong , Chen Chaojin , Chen Jingjing , Wang Yanlin , Yang Duo , Ma Chuzhou , Liu Zifeng , Zhou Shaoli , Hei Ziqing 
Published: September 2022

BackgroundSepsis remains the leading cause of postoperative death in elderly patients and is defined as organ dysfunction with proven or suspected infection according to Sepsis-3 criteria. To better avoid potential non-linear associations between the risk factors, we firstly used a tree-based analytic methods to explore the putative risk factors of geriatric sepsis based on the criteria in the study.MethodsData of 7,302 surgical patients aged ≥ 65 years at the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from January 2015 to September 2020 were collected. An analytic method that combined tree-based analysis with the method of Mantel-Haenszel and logistic regression was adopted to assess the association between 17 putative risk factors and postoperative sepsis defined by the Sepsis-3 guideline by controlling 16 potential confounding factors.ResultsAmong the 16 potential covariates, six major confounders were statistically identified by the tree-based model, including cerebrovascular diseases, preoperative infusion of red blood cells, pneumonia, age ≥ 75, malignant tumor and diabetes. Our analysis indicated that emergency surgery increases the risk of postoperative sepsis in elderly patients by more than six times. The type of surgery is also a crucial risk factor for sepsis, particularly transplantation and neurosurgery. Other risk factors were duration of surgery &gt; 120 min, administration of steroids, hypoalbuminemia, elevated creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, hematocrit, platelets, glucose, white blood cell count, abnormal neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and elevated hsCRP-to-albumin ratio.ConclusionsOur study uses an effective method to explore some risk factors for postoperative sepsis in elderly by adjusting many potential confounders and it can provide information for intervention design.