bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of multi-parton interactions in doubly-heavy hadron production
Authors: Egede U. , Hadavizadeh T. , Singla M. , Skands P. , Vesterinen M. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractBeauty and charm quarks are ideal probes of pertubative Quantum Chromodymanics in proton–proton collisions, owing to their large masses. In this paper the role of multi-parton interactions in the production of doubly-heavy hadrons is studied using simulation samples generated with Pythia, a Monte Carlo event generator. Comparisons are made to the stand-alone generators BcVegPy and GenXicc. New methods of speeding up Pythia simulations for events containing heavy quarks are described, enabling the production of large samples with multiple heavy-quark pairs. We show that significantly higher production rates of doubly-heavy hadrons are predicted in models that allow heavy quarks originating from different parton–parton interactions (within the same hadron–hadron collision) to combine to form such hadrons. Quantitative predictions are sensitive to the modelling of colour reconnections. We suggest a set of experimental measurements capable of differentiating these additional contributions.
Annihilation-to-nothing: DeWitt boundary condition inside a black hole
Authors: Brahma Suddhasattwa , Chen Che-Yu , Yeom Dong-han 
Published: September 2022

AbstractIn canonical quantum gravity, the wave function for a hypersurface inside a Schwarzschild black hole can be obtained by solving the Wheeler–DeWitt equation. What is of prime importance is the behavior of the wave function for the future boundary near the singularity, and the DeWitt boundary condition implies that it should vanish here. In this paper, we provide several generalizations, and new interpretations, of the DeWitt boundary condition. First, we summarize existing works on the wave function inside the black hole to justify the DeWitt boundary condition. Next, we investigate the wave function for the collapsing null shell to show that due to the reflection symmetry in space and time, there exists a destructive interference near the singularity and hence a vanishing boundary condition can be natural. If we extend this point of view to the black hole spacetime itself, then the DeWitt boundary condition is equivalent to saying that there exists a symmetric anti-black hole contribution, such that eventually these two geometries are annihilated-to-nothing near the quantum transition surface. This symmetric model can be realized within black hole models of loop quantum gravity with a novel interpretation for the arrow(s) of time.
Determining some pseudoscalar meson masses from axial anomaly
Authors: Liu Chang-Yong 
Published: September 2022

Following our previous work [C. Y. Liu, Mod. Phys. Lett. A 36, 2150080 (2021), doi:10.1142/S0217732321500802], we investigate the masses of some pseudoscalar mesons which have the anomalous decays from axial anomaly (the Adler–Bell–Jackiw anomaly). We apply a non-perturbative mass formula to study the neutral single flavor pseudoscalar meson [Formula: see text]. We find the mass of pseudoscalar meson [Formula: see text] which can solve the problem of double [Formula: see text] production in [Formula: see text] annihilation at [Formula: see text] and obtain the mass of pseudoscalar meson [Formula: see text] which is the same as the invariant mass of [Formula: see text] pairs produced in association with [Formula: see text] jet in [Formula: see text]-collisions at the LHC. We generalize this formula to three flavors pseudoscalar mesons, we obtain the mass of [Formula: see text] meson [Formula: see text] which is almost the same as the experimental value [Formula: see text].
Inapproximability of Counting Hypergraph Colourings
Authors: Galanis Andreas , Guo Heng , Wang Jiaheng 
Published: September 2022

Recent developments in approximate counting have made startling progress in developing fast algorithmic methods for approximating the number of solutions to constraint satisfaction problems (CSPs) with large arities, using connections to the Lovász Local Lemma. Nevertheless, the boundaries of these methods for CSPs with non-Boolean domain are not well-understood. Our goal in this article is to fill in this gap and obtain strong inapproximability results by studying the prototypical problem in this class of CSPs, hypergraph colourings.

More precisely, we focus on the problem of approximately counting
q
-colourings on
K
-uniform hypergraphs with bounded degree Δ. An efficient algorithm exists if

\({{\Delta \lesssim \frac{q^{K/3-1}}{4^KK^2}}}\)

[Jain et al.
25
; He et al.
23
]. Somewhat surprisingly however, a hardness bound is not known even for the easier problem of finding colourings. For the counting problem, the situation is even less clear and there is no evidence of the right constant controlling the growth of the exponent in terms of
K
.

To this end, we first establish that for general
q
computational hardness for finding a colouring on simple/linear hypergraphs occurs at Δ ≳
Kq

K

, almost matching the algorithm from the Lovász Local Lemma. Our second and main contribution is to obtain a far more refined bound for the counting problem that goes well beyond the hardness of finding a colouring and which we conjecture is asymptotically tight (up to constant factors). We show in particular that for all even
q
≥ 4 it is
NP
-hard to approximate the number of colourings when Δ ≳
q

K/2

. Our approach is based on considering an auxiliary weighted binary CSP model on graphs, which is obtained by “halving” the
K
-ary hypergraph constraints. This allows us to utilise reduction techniques available for the graph case, which hinge upon understanding the behaviour of random regular bipartite graphs that serve as gadgets in the reduction. The major challenge in our setting is to analyse the induced matrix norm of the interaction matrix of the new CSP which captures the most likely solutions of the system. In contrast to previous analyses in the literature, the auxiliary CSP demonstrates both symmetry and asymmetry, making the analysis of the optimisation problem severely more complicated and demanding the combination of delicate perturbation arguments and careful asymptotic estimates.
Periodic Oscillations in MEMS under Squeeze Film Damping Force
Authors: Beron Juan , Rivera Andrés 
Published: September 2022

We provide sufficient conditions for the existence of periodic solutions for an idealized electrostatic actuator modeled by the Liénard-type equation

x
¨

+

F

D

x
,

x
̇

+
x
=
β

V

2

t

/

1
−
x

2

,
x
∈

−

∞

,

1

with

β
∈

ℝ

+

,

V
∈
C

ℝ
/
T
ℤ

, and

F

D

x
,

x
̇

=
κ

x
̇

/

1
−
x

3

,

κ
∈

ℝ

+

(called squeeze film damping force), or

F

D

x
,

x
̇

=
c

x
̇

,

c
∈

ℝ

+

(called linear damping force). If

F

D

is of squeeze film type, we have proven that there exists at least two positive periodic solutions, one of them locally asymptotically stable. Meanwhile, if

F

D

is a linear damping force, we have proven that there are only two positive periodic solutions. One is unstable, and the other is locally exponentially asymptotically stable with rate of decay of

c
/
2

. Our technique can be applied to a class of Liénard equations that model several microelectromechanical system devices, including the comb-drive finger model and torsional actuators.
MAB21L4 Deficiency Drives Squamous Cell Carcinoma via Activation of RET
Authors: Srivastava Ankit , Tommasi Cristina , Sessions Dane , Mah Angela , Bencomo Tomas , Garcia Jasmine M. , Jiang Tiffany , Lee Michael , Shen Joseph Y. , Seow Lek Wei , Nguyen Audrey , Rajapakshe Kimal , Coarfa Cristian , Tsai Kenneth Y. , Lopez-Pajares Vanessa , Lee Carolyn S. 
Published: September 2022

AbstractEpithelial squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) most commonly originate in the skin, where they display disruptions in the normally tightly regulated homeostatic balance between keratinocyte proliferation and terminal differentiation. We performed a transcriptome-wide screen for genes of unknown function that possess inverse expression patterns in differentiating keratinocytes compared with cutaneous SCC (cSCC), leading to the identification of MAB21L4 (C2ORF54) as an enforcer of terminal differentiation that suppresses carcinogenesis. Loss of MAB21L4 in human cSCC organoids increased expression of RET to enable malignant progression. In addition to transcriptional upregulation of RET, deletion of MAB21L4 preempted recruitment of the CacyBP-Siah1 E3 ligase complex to RET and reduced its ubiquitylation. In SCC organoids and in vivo tumor models, genetic disruption of RET or selective inhibition of RET with BLU-667 (pralsetinib) suppressed SCC growth while inducing concomitant differentiation. Overall, loss of MAB21L4 early during SCC development blocks differentiation by increasing RET expression. These results suggest that targeting RET activation is a potential therapeutic strategy for treating SCC.Significance:Downregulation of RET mediated by MAB21L4–CacyBP interaction is required to induce epidermal differentiation and suppress carcinogenesis, suggesting RET inhibition as a potential therapeutic approach in squamous cell carcinoma.
Aspirin for Colorectal Cancer Prevention: Age Matters
Authors: Shureiqi Imad 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
Further data from the Aspirin in Reducing Events in the Elderly (ASPREE) trial heightens the concern regarding aspirin use for colorectal cancer prevention in elderly subjects. A 95-variant colorectal cancer polygenic risk score (PRS) failed to identify a subset of elderly individuals who could have benefited from aspirin preventive activity. Further research to define predictive biomarkers of aspirin preventive activity is needed. Meanwhile, the use of aspirin for colorectal cancer prevention in the elderly becomes more questionable.
See Cancer Prev Res 15(7):447–53
Can a Banana a Day Keep the Cancer Away in Patients with Lynch Syndrome?
Authors: Bansal Ajay , Montgomery Robert , Vilar Eduardo 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
The CAPP2 investigators report on the long-term effects of resistant starch (RS) on the incidence of colorectal cancer and other Lynch syndrome–related tumors in the trial population of the CAPP-2 study. RS has no effect on colorectal cancer incidence, but it reduced the numbers of other Lynch syndrome–related tumors, mainly driven by upper gastrointestinal cancers. Although the study has limitations related to secondary analysis, it fills an important void in the field of cancer interception of non–colorectal Lynch syndrome–related tumors and should form the basis for future trials of RS in Lynch syndrome.
See related article, p. 623
Practical Knowledge and the Rhetoric of Experience: Three Italian Surgeons and Their Observations
Authors: Donato Maria Pia 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This article deals with early modern surgical case literature, more specifically with printed collections of observations in surgery. It examines the work of late seventeenth- to late eighteenth-century Italian practitioners from different backgrounds and of different statuses, and highlights the complexity of cognitive and social purposes pervading the genre, besides that of sharing empirical knowledge. These can be apprehended through a second look at texts and contexts, by analysing the ways in which authors selected, penned, and arranged their narratives. As the anthologies under examination show, collected observations varied significantly in focus and scope, with some seemingly designed to sustain the authoritative legacy of learned surgery, others defying a professional ethos for non-academic practitioners, and others still surveying ailments in light of hospital statistics. In fact, as this article suggests, the genre was flexible enough – and the narratives malleable enough – to adjust to changes in surgical theory and practice. In spite of new intellectual expectations, however, it was not plastic enough to take on new epistemic functions, such as reframing surgical nosology.
Le rouge et le noir
Authors: Bishop Paul 
Published: September 2022

Abstract
This paper explores the genesis and significance of Jung’s recently-published Black Books. It considers the nature of the inspiration behind them, and it suggests that the Black Books reveal the textual nature of Jung’s experience of the process of ‘ordering’ in several different ways. The paper examines the minor and more significant changes between the version of the text found in the Black Books and the Red Book, and it considers whether it is helpful to think of the Black Books in the categories of ‘science’, ‘nature’, or ‘art’. It is argued that one of the key insights into the creative process behind the Black Books can be gained from examining their textual status (reflected, for example, in Jung’s handwriting), which gives a sense of the linguistic, stylistic, conceptual, and emotional struggle out of which they emerged. Finally, the paper discusses Jung’s encounter with the Dionysos-like figure of Wotan, which is linked with Jung’s memory of an ‘unforgettable night in the desert’ when he ‘saw the Χ for the first time’ and ‘understood the Platonic myth’ (BB7, p. 227), and it explores Jung’s longstanding interest in interpreting the myth of the creation in Plato’s Timaeus.
Stakeholders, Relationships, and Coordination: 2015 Baseline Study of Needed Enablers for Bridging Agriculture-Nutrition Gaps in Nigeria
Authors: Adeyemi Olutayo , Ajieroh Victor , Umunna Larry , Aminu Francis , Onabolu Adeyinka 
Published: September 2022

Background: Renewed efforts by the Nigerian government to address malnutrition have led to nutrition actions by several sectors, including the agriculture sector. However, the success of these actions depends on the characteristics of the stakeholders involved, including their relationships and coordination. Objective: This article reports a 2015 study of nutrition-sensitive agricultural stakeholders in Nigeria that assessed what the stakeholders do, where they work and how they are organized to improve nutrition. The study provides a baseline for assessing progress and measuring stakeholder and coordination changes in the Nigerian nutrition-sensitive agriculture landscape. Methods: Semi-structured interviews (n = 17) and focus group discussions (n = 2) were held with federal, state, and local government level stakeholders; reviews of stakeholder program documents were also conducted. Results: The study identified 7 groups of nutrition-sensitive agriculture stakeholders and several coordination challenges. Political leadership, advocacy and provision of material and human resource support by nongovernmental organizations, and donor interest and funding have been vital for mobilizing nutrition-sensitive agriculture. Still, although stakeholders frequently highlighted that nutrition was an important consideration in their interventions, nutrition goals and activities and/or indicators to measure outcomes were not regularly communicated. Also, while coordination mechanisms existed, there appeared to be minimal actual cross-sectoral partnerships because of inadequate trust, competition, and conflicts over institutional turf and mandates. Conclusions: Needed enablers for improving nutrition-sensitive agriculture in Nigeria included improved stakeholder nutrition literacy, as well as enhanced stakeholder engagement facilitated by role definition, clarification, and consensus. Exploring different approaches to coordination may also be necessary.
Fluoroscopy-free RIRS on the second session after ureteral stent placement
Authors: Bozkurt Muammer , Seker Kamil Gokhan 
Published: September 2022

Aim: Fluoroscopy is used in some stages of the conventional Retrograde Intrarenal Surgery (RIRS) procedure and is beneficial. On the other hand, radiation exposure is its most obvious disadvantage. As a subgroup, we aimed to show that fluoroscopy-free technique is safe and effective in patients who underwent RIRS after passive dilatation. Materials and methods: Between October 2018 and April 2020, 54 cases of second session RIRS of renal stones performed by a single surgeon were retrospectively evaluated. Patients’ demographic characteristics (age, gender), stone features (laterality, size, number, volume, and location), mean operative time, and, perioperative and postoperative complications, as well as the stone-free rate (SFR), were all retrospectively evaluated. The results were classified as stone free, clinical insignificant residual fragments (CIRF), and presence of residual stones. Complications were graded using the Clavien–Dindo classification system. We used a modified surgical technique. Results: All of complications were minor. There were no major complications (Clavien grade III–IV). The stone-free rate was 70.3% (38/54) on the first day after surgery and 83.3% (45/54) 1 month afterward, respectively. If we accept the absence of residual stone as success, we can say that it is about 91% successful in the first month. Conclusion: This technique has a high stone-free success rate and a low complication rate without the use of radiation. For surgeons experienced in endourology, we can say that the fluoroscopy-free technique is safe and effective in secondary-session RIRS cases which passive dilatation was performed by inserting a ureteral catheter before.
“The Pain Doesn’t Have to Control You.” A Qualitative Evaluation of Three Pain Clinics Teaching Nonopioid Pain Management Strategies
Authors: Braverman Marc T , Volmar Karen M , Govier Diana J 
Published: September 2022

Purpose To explore factors related to effectiveness of nonpharmacological treatment for opioid-dependent patients suffering with chronic pain. Approach A qualitative study incorporating individual interviews and focus group interviews. Setting 3 rural Oregon nonopioid pain management clinics. Intervention A 10-week nonpharmacological educational program incorporating cognitive-behavioral therapy, movement therapy, mindfulness, and other skills. Participants and methods Across sites, we conducted 9 individual interviews with clinic staff and 3 focus group interviews with 34 patients who had participated in the course. Thematic analysis was used to identify themes within and across respondent groups. Results Analysis revealed 4 primary themes: program goals; program benefits; characteristics of patients who benefit from the program; coordination of clinic experiences with other care. Several primary findings can be highlighted. The clinics focused on improving patients’ quality of life, while opioid use reduction was a potential secondary benefit, driven by patients. Major program benefits included enhanced pain self-management skills, patients’ greater assertiveness in communications with healthcare providers, and, in numerous cases, opioid use reduction. Participants were unanimous that predisposition toward active self-management of one’s pain was an essential factor for positive outcomes. Patients reported considerable variability in providers’ understanding of their clinic participation. Conclusion Nonpharmacological approaches for treating chronic pain can be effective for many patients. Clinics teaching these approaches should be more fully integrated into the healthcare system.
An experimental and finite element analysis of 3D printed honeycomb structures under axial compression
Authors: Kaveloglu Serdar , Temiz Semsettin 
Published: September 2022

The present study focuses on maximum compressive force of honeycomb structures produced from polylactic acid (PLA) and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene filament using an Ultimaker hot plate 3D printer. A honeycomb structure with an equal surface area and three different cell sizes and wall thickness was designed. The samples were produced with a cell width (d) of 6 mm, 9 mm, 12 mm, a cell wall thickness (t) of 0.8 mm, 1.2 mm, 1.6 mm and a cell height (h) of 10 mm, 20 mm and 30 mm for each cell width, respectively. The produced samples were weighed in order to calculate their porosity percentages. During the compression test, the highest compressive force was obtained from the samples produced from PLA filament with a cell height of 10 mm, a width of 12 mm and a wall thickness of 1.6 mm. Similarly, a detailed finite elements analysis of three structures with different cell widths and thicknesses using ANSYS® software yielded results similar to the experimental study. ANSYS® results were reliable in the range of approximately 81–98%. Thus, although the cell width in honeycomb structures with an equal surface area was increased using both experimental and finite elements method, it was observed that the wall thickness was directly proportional to a higher maximum compressive force.
Development of PharmPAL: A Collaborative Practice Pharmacy Clinic in Ambulatory Palliative Care
Authors: Bacon Molly , Kematick Benjamin , Suliman Iman , Scullion Bridget , Chua Isaac , Given Sarah , Lally Kate 
Published: September 2022

Background Increased access to interprofessional palliative care is needed in ambulatory oncology settings. To achieve this, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute launched a collaborative drug therapy management clinic, PharmPAL, where credentialed advanced practice pharmacists lead independent patient visits. Methods As part of a pilot project focused on clinical innovation, we analyzed PharmPAL referrals and pharmacist interventions between July 2020 and June 2021. We extracted referral patterns, patient hospitalizations, and deaths from the electronic medical record. Outpatient palliative care clinicians completed a survey to determine pharmacist needs and overall satisfaction with PharmPAL. Results From July 2020 to June 2021, PharmPAL constituted 4.7% (299/6305) of all outpatient palliative care encounters. Most palliative care clinicians (86% [6/7]) reported a desire to increase PharmPAL availability. No patient hospitalizations or deaths were attributed to PharmPAL visits. Conclusion PharmPAL increased access to palliative care services. All clinicians reported satisfaction with PharmPAL. We continue to assess the impact PharmPAL has on clinic operations and provider satisfaction.